cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Instabilities of vortex-ring-bright soliton in trapped binary 3D Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Ruban, Victor P.
name: Wang, Wenlong
name: Ticknor, Christopher
name: Kevrekidis, Panayotis G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instabilities of vortex-ring-bright coherent structures in harmonically trapped two-component three-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates are studied numerically within the coupled Gross-Pitaevskii equations and interpreted analytically. Interestingly, the filled vortex core with a sufficiently large amount of the bright component is observed to reduce the parametric interval of stability of the vortex ring. We have identified the mechanisms of several linear instabilities and one nonlinear parametric instability in this connection. Two of the linear instabilities are qualitatively different from ones reported earlier, to our knowledge, and are associated with azimuthal modes of $m=0$ and $m=1$, i.e., deviations of the vortex from the stationary ring shape. Our nonlinear parametric resonance instability occurs between the $m=0$ and $m=2$ modes and signals the exchange of energy between them.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Alternating sounds and the formal franchise in phonology
Creators: name: McElvenny, James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: A matter of some controversy in the intersecting worlds of late nineteenth-century

linguistics and anthropology was the nature of “alternating sounds”. This phe-

nomenon is the apparent tendency, long assumed to be characteristic of “primitive”

languages, to freely vary the pronunciation of words, without any discernible sys-

tem. Franz Boas (1858–1942), rebutting received opinion in the American anthro-

pological establishment, denied the existence of this phenomenon, arguing that it

was an artefact of observation. Georg von der Gabelentz (1840–1893), on the other

hand, embraced the phenomenon and fashioned it into a critique of the compara-

tive method as it was practised in Germany.

Both Boas and Gabelentz – and indeed also their opponents – were well versed

in the Humboldtian tradition of language scholarship, in particular as developed

and transmitted by H. Steinthal (1823–1899). Although the late nineteenth-century

debates surrounding alternating sounds were informed by a number of sources,

this chapter argues that Steinthal’s writings served as a key point of reference and

offered several motifs that were taken up by his scholarly successors. In addition,

and most crucially, the chapter demonstrates that the positions at which the partic-

ipants in these debates arrived were determined not so much by any simple tech-

nical disagreements but by underlying philosophical differences and sociological

factors. This episode in the joint history of linguistics and anthropology is telling

for what it reveals about the dominant mindset and temperament of these disci-

plines in relation to the formal analysis of the world’s languages.
Calculating Effective Diffusivities in the Limit of Vanishing Molecular Diffusion
Creators: name: Pavliotis, G. A.
name: Stuart, A. M.
name: Zygalakis, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10; 60H30; 74H40; 34E13

description: In this paper we study the problem of the numerical calculation (by Monte Carlo Methods) of the effective diffusivity for a particle moving in a periodic divergent-free velocity filed, in the limit of vanishing molecular diffusion. In this limit traditional numerical methods typically fail, since they do not represent accurately the geometry of the underlying deterministic dynamics. We propose a stochastic splitting method that takes into account the volume preserving property of the equations motion in the absence of noise, and when inertial effects can be neglected. An extension of the method is then proposed for the cases where the noise has a non trivial time-correlation structure and when inertial effects cannot be neglected. Modified equations are used to perform backward error analysis. The new stochastic geometric integrators are shown to outperform standard Euler-based integrators. Various asymptotic limits of physical interest are investigated by means of numerical experiments, using the new integrators.
description: 36 pages, 21 figures, removed the labeling from the equations
Lowest Order Constrained Variational Calculation of the Polarized Nuclear Matter with the Modern $AV_{18}$ Potential
Creators: name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Bigdeli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lowest order constrained variational method is applied to calculate the polarized symmetrical nuclear matter properties with the modern $AV_{18}$ potential performing microscopic calculations. Results based on the consideration of magnetic properties show no sign of phase transition to a ferromagnetic phase.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures
Polarized Neutron Matter: A Lowest Order Constrained Variational Approach
Creators: name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Bigdeli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we calculate some of the polarized neutron matter properties, using the lowest order constrained variational method with the $AV_{18}$ potential and employing a microscopic point of view. A comparison is also made between our results and those of other many-body techniques.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures
Differences between current clinical guidelines for screening, diagnosis and management of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and real-world practice: a targeted literature review
Creators: name: Schattenberg, Jörn M
name: Anstee, Quentin M
name: Caussy, Cyrielle
name: Bugianesi, Elisabetta
name: Popovic, Branko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common liver disease and is associated with obesity and metabolic comorbidities. Liver steatosis can progress to nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) exhibiting a relevant risk of fibrosis and ultimately liver failure. To date, no approved treatment for NASH to reduce its clinical and humanistic burden has been developed. We undertook a literature review to identify English language, national and international clinical guidelines for NAFLD regarding diagnosis, assessment and management, and determined their points of agreement and difference. Additionally, we investigated published literature relating to real-world management of NAFLD and NASH. National (China, England/Wales, Italy, the USA) and international society (Asia-Pacific, Europe, World Gastroenterology Organization) guidelines were identified and analyzed. All guidelines addressed identifying and diagnosing subjects with likely NAFLD, as well as assessment and management of individuals with risk factors for advanced disease, including fibrosis. Real-world practice reveals widespread suboptimal awareness and implementation of guidelines. In the absence of proven therapeutics, such gaps risk failure to recognize patients in need of specialist care and monitoring, highlighting the need for clear, easy-to-apply care pathways to aid in reducing the clinical and humanistic burden of NAFLD and NASH.
Understanding the Origins of Problem Geomagnetic Storms Associated With "Stealth" Coronal Mass Ejections
Creators: name: Nitta, Nariaki V.
name: Mulligan, Tamitha
name: Kilpua, Emilia K. J.
name: Lynch, Benjamin J.
name: Mierla, Marilena
name: O'Kane, Jennifer
name: Pagano, Paolo
name: Palmerio, Erika
name: Pomoell, Jens
name: Richardson, Ian G.
name: Rodriguez, Luciano
name: Rouillard, Alexis P.
name: Sinha, Suvadip
name: Srivastava, Nandita
name: Talpeanu, Dana-Camelia
name: Yardley, Stephanie L.
name: Zhukov, Andrei N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geomagnetic storms are an important aspect of space weather and can result in significant impacts on space- and ground-based assets. The majority of strong storms are associated with the passage of interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) in the near-Earth environment. In many cases, these ICMEs can be traced back unambiguously to a specific coronal mass ejection (CME) and solar activity on the frontside of the Sun. Hence, predicting the arrival of ICMEs at Earth from routine observations of CMEs and solar activity currently makes a major contribution to the forecasting of geomagnetic storms. However, it is clear that some ICMEs, which may also cause enhanced geomagnetic activity, cannot be traced back to an observed CME, or, if the CME is identified, its origin may be elusive or ambiguous in coronal images. Such CMEs have been termed "stealth CMEs." In this review, we focus on these "problem" geomagnetic storms in the sense that the solar/CME precursors are enigmatic and stealthy. We start by reviewing evidence for stealth CMEs discussed in past studies. We then identify several moderate to strong geomagnetic storms (minimum Dst < -50 nT) in solar cycle 24 for which the related solar sources and/or CMEs are unclear and apparently stealthy. We discuss the solar and in situ circumstances of these events and identify several scenarios that may account for their elusive solar signatures. These range from observational limitations (e.g., a coronagraph near Earth may not detect an incoming CME if it is diffuse and not wide enough) to the possibility that there is a class of mass ejections from the Sun that have only weak or hard-to-observe coronal signatures. In particular, some of these sources are only clearly revealed by considering the evolution of coronal structures over longer time intervals than is usually considered. We also review a variety of numerical modelling approaches...
description: 60 pages, 25 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Space Science Reviews
The second physical moment of the heavy quark vector correlator at O(alpha_s^3)
Creators: name: Maier, A.
name: Maierhoefer, P.
name: Marquard, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The second moment of the heavy quark vector correlator at O(alpha_s^3) is presented. The implications of this result on recent determinations of the charm and bottom quark mass are discussed.
description: 9 pages, physics discussion extended
Wetland mapping with multi-temporal sentinel-1 & -2 imagery (2017 – 2020) and LiDAR data in the grassland natural region of alberta
Creators: name: Onojeghuo, Alex Okiemute
name: Onojeghuo, Ajoke Ruth
name: Cotton, Michelle
name: Potter, Johnathan
name: Jones, Brennan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the Grassland Natural Region (GNR) of southern Alberta, wetlands are relatively small-sized disconnected prairie pothole marshes, swamps, and shallow open water habitats often surrounded by grasslands, parkland forests, agricultural lands, and urban areas. These wetlands are susceptible to climatic variability, resulting in temporally and spatially dynamic habitats that are difficult to map accurately. This study hypothesizes that seasonal synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and optical imagery will capture temporal variations of wetlands in the spring/summer and fall months of 2017, 2018, 2019, and 2020. We propose that these data combined with topographic variability offered by LiDAR-derived topographic wetness index (TWI) shall result in the accurate delineation of the wetlands. Using a combination of open-access government databases, we generated ground and training data to develop the classification models and perform accuracy assessments. The wetland map products’ overall accuracy results ranged from 63.2% to 75.7%. The pixel-based random forest (RF) classified dataset (Dataset 5 – multi-temporal (2017–2020) S1 SAR (VH) and S2 optical (B8 and B11) bands fused with TWI) had the highest overall accuracy (75.6%). The RF result significantly outperformed similar CART (Classification and Regression Trees) and SVM (Support Vector Machine) classifications, which had overall accuracies of 67.4% and 63.2%, respectively. In addition, the RF optimal wetland product had the best combination of F-score values for wetland and upland classes: 0.61 (marsh), 0.82 (open water), 0.75 (swamp), and 0.8 (uplands). Overall, the methodology adopted in this study is promising for mapping the spatial distribution of wetland habitats across the seasonally dynamic GNR of Alberta.
Generating stochastic trajectories with global dynamical constraints
Creators: name: De Bruyne, Benjamin
name: Majumdar, Satya N.
name: Orland, Henri
name: Schehr, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a method to exactly generate Brownian paths $x_c(t)$ that are constrained to return to the origin at some future time $t_f$, with a given fixed area $A_f = \int_0^{t_f}dt\, x_c(t)$ under their trajectory. We derive an exact effective Langevin equation with an effective force that accounts for the constraint. In addition, we develop the corresponding approach for discrete-time random walks, with arbitrary jump distributions including Lévy flights, for which we obtain an effective jump distribution that encodes the constraint. Finally, we generalise our method to other types of dynamical constraints such as a fixed occupation time on the positive axis $T_f=\int_0^{t_f}dt\, Θ\left[x_c(t)\right]$ or a fixed generalised quadratic area $\mathcal{A}_f=\int_0^{t_f}dt \,x_c^2(t)$.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Quantifying diurnal and seasonal variation of surface urban heat island intensity and its associated determinants across different climatic zones over Indian cities
Creators: name: Mohammad, Pir
name: Goswami, Ajanta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Surface urban heat island (SUHI) is a major anthropogenic alteration of Earth’s surface and can influence the local thermal environment by altering the surface energy flux balances. Researchers have paid much attention to SUHI studies in the last decades; still, its geospatial variability over a larger area is poorly understood. Detailed research is required to understand the mechanism and dynamics of SUHI along with its different driving variables. Hence in this study, we quantified the diurnal, seasonal, and interannual variation of SUHI intensity (SUHII) over 150 major Indian cities situated over different climatic zones using MODIS data from 2003 to 2018. The results reveal urban cool islands occurrence over the hot desert, hot steppe, and tropical monsoon climatic zone during daytime in both summer (−0.25 to −0.17°C) and winter (−0.33 to 0.17°C) season. In contrast, nighttime SUHII shows clear evidence of positive urban heat island irrespective of climatic region and seasonal variation of 0.48–1°C in summer and 0.46–1.32°C in winter is seen. The Mann–Kendall and Sen’s slope estimator tests are used to detect the trend of the SUHII during the study period, which suggests a higher percentage of cities showing an increasing trend of SUHII for urban heat islands than the cities of the urban cool island. Pearson’s correlation and stepwise multiple linear regression model determine the possible SUHII controlling variable over different climatic zones. During the daytime, the SUHII’s distribution is controlled by vegetation, evapotranspiration, and thermal inertia in the summer/winter season. Whereas, it is linked tightly to built-up intensity, white sky albedo, and thermal inertia in both seasons during nighttime. Overall, we found that the stepwise multiple linear regression model can explain the SUHII variance more in the daytime (>0.8) than in nighttime (>0.7, except for tropical cities) and more in understanding the SUHII behaviors for cool cities as compared to hot cities. Moreover, this study also quantifies the significant control of thermal inertia and soil moisture in understating urban heat and cool island behavior over different climatic zones.
Exploring Quantum Hall Physics at Ultra-Low Temperatures and at High Pressures
Creators: name: Csáthy, Gábor A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of ultra-low temperature cooling and of high hydrostatic pressure techniques has significantly expanded our understanding of the two-dimensional electron gas confined to GaAs/AlGaAs structures. This chapter reviews a selected set of experiments employing these specialized techniques in the study of the fractional quantum Hall states and of the charged ordered phases, such as the reentrant integer quantum Hall states and the quantum Hall nematic. Topics discussed include a successful cooling technique used, novel odd denominator fractional quantum Hall states, new transport results on even denominator fractional quantum Hall states and on reentrant integer quantum Hall states, and phase transitions observed in half-filled Landau levels.
Faster-LTN: a neuro-symbolic, end-to-end object detection architecture
Creators: name: Manigrasso, Francesco
name: Miro, Filomeno Davide
name: Morra, Lia
name: Lamberti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The detection of semantic relationships between objects represented in an image is one of the fundamental challenges in image interpretation. Neural-Symbolic techniques, such as Logic Tensor Networks (LTNs), allow the combination of semantic knowledge representation and reasoning with the ability to efficiently learn from examples typical of neural networks. We here propose Faster-LTN, an object detector composed of a convolutional backbone and an LTN. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to combine both frameworks in an end-to-end training setting. This architecture is trained by optimizing a grounded theory which combines labelled examples with prior knowledge, in the form of logical axioms. Experimental comparisons show competitive performance with respect to the traditional Faster R-CNN architecture.
description: accepted for presentation at ICANN 2021
MPEC 2024-T01 : 2024 SA6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SA6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Robust Online Convex Optimization in the Presence of Outliers
Creators: name: van Erven, Tim
name: Sachs, Sarah
name: Koolen, Wouter M.
name: Kotłowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider online convex optimization when a number k of data points are outliers that may be corrupted. We model this by introducing the notion of robust regret, which measures the regret only on rounds that are not outliers. The aim for the learner is to achieve small robust regret, without knowing where the outliers are. If the outliers are chosen adversarially, we show that a simple filtering strategy on extreme gradients incurs O(k) additive overhead compared to the usual regret bounds, and that this is unimprovable, which means that k needs to be sublinear in the number of rounds. We further ask which additional assumptions would allow for a linear number of outliers. It turns out that the usual benign cases of independently, identically distributed (i.i.d.) observations or strongly convex losses are not sufficient. However, combining i.i.d. observations with the assumption that outliers are those observations that are in an extreme quantile of the distribution, does lead to sublinear robust regret, even though the expected number of outliers is linear.
COMADRE DISCUSSIONS: A CULTURALLY SENSITIVE INTERVENTION TO IMPROVE GESTATIONAL DIABETES OUTCOMES IN HISPANIC WOMEN
Creators: name: Barajas, Noemi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM) affects more than 25 % of Hispanic women in the United States (Sacks et al., 2012). Hyperglycemia in pregnancy contributes to poor maternal-fetal outcomes. Adherence to GDM management is an ongoing problem for healthcare providers and patients. Once the diagnosis is confirmed, standard management includes non-pharmacological and pharmacological regimens. Management focuses on diet modification, and exercise. In addition to the standard Sweet Success curriculum, adherence to GDM management may improve by using culturally sensitive discussion sessions. The purpose of this quality improvement project was to add Comadre discussions to the standardized educational program in the primary setting for Hispanic GDM’s women to improve perinatal outcomes for both mother and baby. The Culturally Competent Change Theory (CCCT) model was used to pilot this quality improvement project. Two supporting frameworks guided the model: Campinha-Bacote’s cultural competence model (Campinha-Bacote, 2002) and Kurt Lewin’s Model of Change (Lewin, 1951). Preliminary findings compared two groups one the Comadres (n = 10) and the retrospective group non-participants (n = 10). Descriptive statistics indicated participants ages ranged from 18-35 (mean 27.2 [SD 6.2]) for the Comadres group. Non-participant group ages ranged from 24-35 (mean 30.2 [SD 3.8] years. Monitoring of weight gain iv from start of prenatal care to current gestational weeks revealed range weight of 6 to 36 pounds with a mean weight gain of 14 pounds for the Comadres group compared to minus 2 to 75 pounds with a mean weight gain of 24.3 pounds. At this point in time, there is insufficient evidence that the Comadre classes are affecting blood sugar maintenance (mean 106.4 mg/dL [SD 9.42] to mean 107.7 mg/dL [7.08]). Although the impact of blood glucose measures was not statistically significant, there was less weight gain in the Comadres group. Despite the lack of change in blood sugar results, the Comadres revealed behavior change in tracking their blood sugars. Qualitative findings were useful in identifying internal and external factors to change behaviors. Comadre discussions were useful to build rapport and share the women’s experience of their daily struggles to manage their diet, monitor blood sugars and barriers to health care adherence.
Spin Polarized Asymmetric Nuclear Matter and Neutron Star Matter Within the Lowest Order Constrained Variational Method
Creators: name: Bordbar, G. H.
name: Bigdeli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we calculate properties of the spin polarized asymmetrical nuclear matter and neutron star matter, using the lowest order constrained variational (LOCV) method with the $AV_{18}$, $Reid93$, $UV_{14}$ and $AV_{14}$ potentials. According to our results, the spontaneous phase transition to a ferromagnetic state in the asymmetrical nuclear matter as well as neutron star matter do not occur.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Theory of magnetization plateaux in the Shastry-Sutherland model
Creators: name: Dorier, J.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
name: Mila, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using perturbative continuous unitary transformations, we determine the long-range interactions between triplets in the Shastry-Sutherland model, and we show that an unexpected structure develops at low magnetization with plateaux progressively appearing at 2/9, 1/6, 1/9 and 2/15 upon increasing the inter-dimer coupling. A critical comparison with previous approaches is included. Implications for the compound SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$ are also discussed: we reproduce the magnetization profile around localized triplets revealed by NMR, we predict the presence of a 1/6 plateau, and we suggest that residual interactions beyond the Shastry-Sutherland model are responsible for the other plateaux below 1/3.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
A Theory of Higher-Order Subtyping with Type Intervals (Extended Version)
Creators: name: Stucki, Sandro
name: Giarrusso, Paolo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The calculus of Dependent Object Types (DOT) has enabled a more principled and robust implementation of Scala, but its support for type-level computation has proven insufficient. As a remedy, we propose $F^ω_{..}$, a rigorous theoretical foundation for Scala's higher-kinded types. $F^ω_{..}$ extends $F^ω_{
description: 73 pages; to be presented at the 26th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Functional Programming (ICFP 2021), 22-27 August 2021
Comparison of the pressure dependences of Tc in the trivalent d-electron superconductors
Creators: name: Debessai, M.
name: Hamlin, J. J.
name: Schilling, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whereas dhcp La superconducts at ambient pressure with Tc = 5 K, the other trivalent d-electron metals Sc, Y, and Lu only superconduct if high pressures are applied. Earlier measurements of the pressure dependence of Tc for Sc and Lu metal are here extended to much higher pressures. Whereas Tc for Lu increases monotonically with pressure to 12.4 K at 174 GPa (1.74 Mbar). Tc for Sc reaches 19.6 K at 107 GPa, the 2nd highest value observed for any elemental superconductor. At higher pressures a phase transition occurs whereupon Tc drops to 8.31 K at 111 GPa. The Tc(P) dependences for Sc and Lu are compared to those of Y and La. An interesting correlation is pointed out between the value of Tc and the fractional free volume available to the conduction electrons outside the ion cores, a quantity which is directly related to the number of d electrons in the conduction band.
The Attractor and the Quantum States
Creators: name: Elze, Hans-Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dissipative dynamics anticipated in the proof of 't Hooft's existence theorem -- "For any quantum system there exists at least one deterministic model that reproduces all its dynamics after prequantization" -- is constructed here explicitly. We propose a generalization of Liouville's classical phase space equation, incorporating dissipation and diffusion, and demonstrate that it describes the emergence of quantum states and their dynamics in the Schroedinger picture. Asymptotically, there is a stable ground state and two decoupled sets of degrees of freedom, which transform into each other under the energy-parity symmetry of Kaplan and Sundrum. They recover the familiar Hilbert space and its dual. Expectations of observables are shown to agree with the Born rule, which is not imposed a priori. This attractor mechanism is applicable in the presence of interactions, to few-body or field theories in particular.
description: 14 pages; based on invited talk at 4th Workshop ad memoriam of Carlo Novero "Advances in Foundations of Quantum Mechanics and Quantum Information with Atoms and Photons", Torino, May 2008; submitted to Int J Qu Info
The futility of STILTs for the classification of lexical borrowings in Spanish
Creators: name: de la Rosa, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The first edition of the IberLEF 2021 shared task on automatic detection of borrowings (ADoBo) focused on detecting lexical borrowings that appeared in the Spanish press and that have recently been imported into the Spanish language. In this work, we tested supplementary training on intermediate labeled-data tasks (STILTs) from part of speech (POS), named entity recognition (NER), code-switching, and language identification approaches to the classification of borrowings at the token level using existing pre-trained transformer-based language models. Our extensive experimental results suggest that STILTs do not provide any improvement over direct fine-tuning of multilingual models. However, multilingual models trained on small subsets of languages perform reasonably better than multilingual BERT but not as good as multilingual RoBERTa for the given dataset.
The Airy_1 process is not the limit of the largest eigenvalue in GOE matrix diffusion
Creators: name: Bornemann, Folkmar
name: Ferrari, Patrik L.
name: Prähofer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A52;60G10

description: Using a systematic approach to evaluate Fredholm determinants numerically, we provide convincing evidence that the Airy_1-process, arising as a limit law in stochastic surface growth, is not the limit law for the evolution of the largest eigenvalue in GOE matrix diffusion.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures
Toward Uncensorable, Anonymous and Private Access Over Satoshi Blockchains
Creators: name: Recabarren, Ruben
name: Carbunar, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Providing unrestricted access to sensitive content such as news and software is difficult in the presence of adaptive and resourceful surveillance and censoring adversaries. In this paper we leverage the distributed and resilient nature of commercial Satoshi blockchains to develop the first provably secure, censorship resistant, cost-efficient storage system with anonymous and private access, built on top of commercial cryptocurrency transactions. We introduce max-rate transactions, a practical construct to persist data of arbitrary size entirely in a Satoshi blockchain. We leverage max-rate transactions to develop UWeb, a blockchain-based storage system that charges publishers to self-sustain its decentralized infrastructure. UWeb organizes blockchainstored content for easy retrieval, and enables clients to store and access content with provable anonymity, privacy and censorship resistance properties. We present results from UWeb experiments with writing 268.21 MB of data into the live Litecoin blockchain, including 4.5 months of live-feed BBC articles, and 41 censorship resistant tools. The max-rate writing throughput (183 KB/s) and blockchain utilization (88%) exceed those of state-of-the-art solutions by 2-3 orders of magnitude and broke Litecoin's record of the daily average block size. Our simulations with up to 3,000 concurrent UWeb writers confirm that UWeb does not impact the confirmation delays of financial transactions.
Statistical Considerations for Cross-Sectional HIV Incidence Estimation Based on Recency Test
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Bannick, Marlena S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Longitudinal cohorts to determine the incidence of HIV infection are logistically challenging, so researchers have sought alternative strategies. Recency test methods use biomarker profiles of HIV-infected subjects in a cross-sectional sample to infer whether they are "recently" infected and to estimate incidence in the population. Two main estimators have been used in practice: one that assumes a recency test is perfectly specific, and another that allows for false-recent results. To date, these commonly used estimators have not been rigorously studied with respect to their assumptions and statistical properties. In this paper, we present a theoretical framework with which to understand these estimators and interrogate their assumptions, and perform a simulation study to assess the performance of these estimators under realistic HIV epidemiological dynamics. We conclude with recommendations for the use of these estimators in practice and a discussion of future methodological developments to improve HIV incidence estimation via recency test.
Effetto del trattamento con plasma freddo sulla shelf life di filetti di orata
Creators: name: Gagliardi, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract Il plasma freddo è una tecnologia emergente di sanificazione, che negli ultimi anni è stata implementata per estendere la durata di conservazione degli alimenti. I prodotti ittici sono tra i principali costituenti delle diete alimentari, importanti per il loro contenuto in vitamine, proteine e altri costituenti essenziali come gli acidi grassi polinsaturi. La principale problematica legata a questa matrice è la rapida perdita di freschezza e di qualità. Lo scopo di questo studio è valutare l’applicazione del plasma freddo (CP) come tecnologia non termica di conservazione, per prolungare la shelf life di filetti orata confezionati in atmosfera modificata (80% N2 e 20% CO2). I campioni sono stati divisi in tre gruppi sperimentali, due dei quali rispettivamente trattati con aria (18 kV per 20 minuti), miscela di Argon (18 kV per 20 minuti) e un gruppo non trattato; per la generazione del plasma è stata utilizzata una sorgente con configurazione SDBD (Surface dielectric barrier discharge). In seguito al confezionamento sono stati sottoposti a conservazione refrigerata (4±1°C) per 14 giorni. Durante questo periodo sono state indagate le possibili differenze tra i tre gruppi sperimentali, in termini di caratteristiche qualitative (concentrazione % O2 e CO2, pH, contenuto in acqua, TBARs, texture, colore e variazione sensoriale). Dai risultati ottenuti è emerso un effetto protettivo del trattamento sulle caratteristiche chimico-fisiche, ad eccezione del mantenimento del colore ed un incremento dell’indice TBARs in quanto entrambi strettamente dipendenti dallo stato ossidativo dei campioni, che sembra essere accelerato dall’applicazione del trattamento con plasma freddo. Seppure l’accettabilità globale da parte del consumatore non abbia mostrato differenze significative, sono necessari ulteriori studi che possano indagare l’utilizzo del plasma freddo nell’applicazione della teoria ad ostacoli, al fine di minimizzare l’effetto negativo dell’ossidazione sui prodotti ittici.
title: Auf der Flucht: Die visuelle Darstellung der syrischen und der kolumbianisch-venezolanischen Fluchtbewegungen im Vergleich
Creators: name: Karrasch, Karrasch
name: Kneissl, Bianca
name: Zehetner, Laura Katharina
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Die Arbeit analysiert die visuelle Darstellung der syrischen und der kolumbianisch-venezolanischen Fluchtbewegungen anlehnend an fünf Annahmen der sogenannten „Dehumanisierungsperspektive“ (Esses et al. 2013; Bleiker et al. 2013) und zeigt Differenzen und Gemeinsamkeiten auf. Mithilfe der ikonografisch-ikonologischen Bildtypenanalyse nach Grittmann und Ammann (2011) werden 100 Bilder pro Flüchtlingsbewegung ausgewertet. Die Bilder von Flüchtenden werden gemäß der site of image, entsprechend dem Analyseansatz von Rose (2016), hinsichtlich ihrer Komposition, visuellen und räumlichen Struktur sowie der allgemeinen Darstellung von Flüchtenden analysiert, um Parallelen und Unterschiede zu erkennen. Die empirischen Daten werden dabei aus der Suchmaschine DuckDuckGo erhoben. Diese bietet den Vorteil, ohne jegliches Rankingverfahren zu arbeiten und die Bilder aus verschiedenen Medientypen sowie internationalen Quellen zu beziehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ähnliche Bildgruppen in beiden Fluchtbewegungen und nur minimale Differenzen zwischen der syrischen und der kolumbianisch-venezolanischen Flucht. Besonders auffallend ist jedoch bei beiden Fluchtbewegungen die visuelle Darstellung von Kindern auf der Flucht, die entgegen den Erwartungen der Literatur den Flüchtlingsbewegungen eine humane Perspektive verleiht
The Yang-Mills heat equation on three-manifolds with boundary
Creators: name: Charalambous, Nelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary, 35K58, 35K65, Secondary, 70S15, 35K51, 58J35

description: In this short note we provide an expository account of the work of Leonard Gross and the author on the Yang-Mills heat equation over smooth three-manifolds with boundary.
La scrittura musicale come prerogativa della composizione musicale occidentale
Creators: name: Schmid, Manfred Hermann
Publisher: name: Dipartimento delle Arti - Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: notazione; composizione; musica d'arte

description: Nel mondo occidentale, saper scrivere signífica il massimo della competenza. Perfino nella percezione popolare il ruolo che in musica spetta alla scrittura è percepito come una sfida. Nel marzo 2010, in una trasmissione televisiva equivalente a “Scommettiamo che”, un anchorman tedesco ha chiesto ad Anna Netrebko, sua ospite, se nella carriera di una cantante sia necessario saper leggere perfettamente la musica. “No”, è stata la risposta, istantanea, “basta avere bella voce e buona memoria”. Accostatasi poi al pianoforte per intonare un Lied di Rimskij-Korsakov, mentre l’accompagnatrice apriva lo spartito, la Netrebko aggiungeva scherzosamente: il pianista sì che deve saper leggere la musica! Per l’esperto, questa maliziosa risposta a doppio senso richiama l’antica distinzione erudita tra sapere pratico e teorico, rappresentati rispettivamente dalla voce umana, di cui ciascuno dispone in natura, e da uno strumento tecnico tradizionalmente adibito alla teoria, erede del monocordo antico, sulla cui tastiera le divisioni della corda erano indicate con lettere alfabetiche: lettere che sono le primissime testimonianze di una scrittura musicale.
description: Musica Docta, Vol 2 (2012)
Effetto del trattamento con plasma freddo sulla shelf life di filetti di orata
Creators: name: Gagliardi, Eleonora
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Abstract

Il plasma freddo è una tecnologia emergente di sanificazione, che negli ultimi anni è stata implementata per estendere la durata di conservazione degli alimenti. I prodotti ittici sono tra i principali costituenti delle diete alimentari, importanti per il loro contenuto in vitamine, proteine e altri costituenti essenziali come gli acidi grassi polinsaturi. La principale problematica legata a questa matrice è la rapida perdita di freschezza e di qualità. Lo scopo di questo studio è valutare l’applicazione del plasma freddo (CP) come tecnologia non termica di conservazione, per prolungare la shelf life di filetti orata confezionati in atmosfera modificata (80% N2 e 20% CO2). I campioni sono stati divisi in tre gruppi sperimentali, due dei quali rispettivamente trattati con aria (18 kV per 20 minuti), miscela di Argon (18 kV per 20 minuti) e un gruppo non trattato; per la generazione del plasma è stata utilizzata una sorgente con configurazione SDBD (Surface dielectric barrier discharge). In seguito al confezionamento sono stati sottoposti a conservazione refrigerata (4±1°C) per 14 giorni. Durante questo periodo sono state indagate le possibili differenze tra i tre gruppi sperimentali, in termini di caratteristiche qualitative (concentrazione % O2 e CO2, pH, contenuto in acqua, TBARs, texture, colore e variazione sensoriale). Dai risultati ottenuti è emerso un effetto protettivo del trattamento sulle caratteristiche chimico-fisiche, ad eccezione del mantenimento del colore ed un incremento dell’indice TBARs in quanto entrambi strettamente dipendenti dallo stato ossidativo dei campioni, che sembra essere accelerato dall’applicazione del trattamento con plasma freddo. Seppure l’accettabilità globale da parte del consumatore non abbia mostrato differenze significative, sono necessari ulteriori studi che possano indagare l’utilizzo del plasma freddo nell’applicazione della teoria ad ostacoli, al fine di minimizzare l’effetto negativo dell’ossidazione sui prodotti ittici.
Formulazione di un prodotto innovativo per la valorizzazione di scarti e sottoprodotti dell'industria ittica
Creators: name: Marcelli, Valerio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Lo spreco alimentare ha un enorme impatto sulla sicurezza nutrizionale, la qualità del cibo, le risorse ambientali e lo sviluppo economico; per questo motivo questo tema negli ultimi anni ha attirato l’attenzione della comunità scientifica che ha concentrato i suoi sforzi sulla riduzione, gestione e valorizzazione degli scarti e sottoprodotti alimentari (Galanakis, 2015). Fino alla fine del secolo scorso infatti lo smaltimento e lo spreco di cibo non erano considerati problemi pressanti e l’obiettivo principale era quello di incrementare la produzione senza porre attenzione all’efficienza del sistema produttivo; attualmente invece a causa del progressivo esaurirsi delle risorse naturali e all’ incremento della domanda alimentare è sorta l’esigenza di limitare l’utilizzo di energia, minimizzare i costi e ridurre gli sprechi, dando così vita a strategie finalizzate al recupero e valorizzazione degli scarti alimentari (Chandrasekaran, 2013). L’aumento della domanda di alimenti richiede dunque di identificare opportunità volte alla prevenzione della deplezione delle risorse naturali, alla riduzione delle richieste energetiche, alla minimizzazione dei costi e alla riduzione degli scarti e delle perdite. Per sopperire a queste problematiche, un ruolo chiave potrebbe essere svolto dalla gestione e dalla valorizzazione di scarti e sottoprodotti alimentari. Scarti e sottoprodotti dell’industria alimentare sono infatti caratterizzati, nella maggior parte dei casi, da un elevato potenziale di riutilizzo e di riciclo, ma risultano ancora poco valorizzati per ottenere prodotti caratterizzati da un elevato valore aggiunto. All’interno di questo contesto s’inserisce la presente sperimentazione, realizzata nell’ambito del progetto europeo FutureEUaqua H2020 “Future growth in sustainable, resilient and climate friendly organic and conventional European aquaculture”, che ha avuto come obiettivo uno studio preliminare finalizzato alla realizzazione e stabilizzazione dal punto di vista chimico-fisico di prodotti innovativi a valore aggiunto, ottenuti a partire da scarti e sottoprodotti ittici. Nello specifico, sono stati utilizzati sottoprodotti ottenuti dalla separazione meccanica di polpa di salmone in aggiunta ad altri ingredienti al fine di realizzare delle diverse formulazioni di polpette. Le nuove formulazioni ottenute tramite mixture design sono state testate al fine di valutarne le performance in termini di: riduzione dell’attività dell’acqua, valori di pH, caratteristiche strutturali e accettabilità sensoriale. La formulazione che è risultata esser più stabile dal punto di vista chimico-fisico e che ha raggiunto il gradimento sensoriale più elevato è stata arricchita con del chitosano (un sottoprodotto ottenuto da crostacei ad elevata attività antiossidante ed antimicrobica), impiegato sia direttamente in formulazione che come coating al fine di valutarne l’impatto sulle proprietà chimico-fisiche, strutturali e sensoriali del prodotto finale.
Ilyocryptus undetermined
Creators: name: Gusakov, Vladimir A.
name: Dien, Tran Duc
name: Tran, Hoan Quoc
name: Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai
name: Huan, Phan Trong
name: Ha, Vo Thi
name: Dinh, Cu Nguyen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Anomopoda
Ilyocryptidae
Ilyocryptus
Ilyocryptus undetermined

description: 6. ** Ilyocryptus sp.
(Figs. 2A–C)
Localities and specimens found: 100 −1j; 101 − 1♀, 1j; 102 −1j.
Distribution and ecology. Sporadic individuals of this unclear ilyocryptid were found in the riparian and channel zones of the freshwater section of the Co Chien Branch in the Mekong Delta (see Appendix 1). Similar forms have not been observed in Vietnam before.
Remarks. As not all the details of the structure can be considered on our single found individuals, of which only one is an adult, the exact taxonomic status of these crustaceans is not yet clear. According to the main observable diagnostic features, these individuals belong to the I. sarsi species group and are close to its Asian representatives, such as I. thailandensis Kotov et Sanoamuang, 2004 and I. raridentatus (Kotov & Sanoamuang 2004b; Kotov & Štifter 2006; Dadykin et al. 2024a). However, compared to the former species (Kotov & Sanoamuang 2004b), this Vietnamise Ilyocryptus is clearly distinguished by the absence of a projection on the coxal segment of the antennae II. It differs from I. raridentatus (Dadykin et al. 2024a) by the relatively numerous (10–13 vs 5–8) preanal teeth on the postabdomen (Figs. 2A, C). In terms of the structure and armament of the postabdomen (Figs. 2A–C), our specimens are very similar to I. sarsi (Kotov & Štifter 2006).
Ilyocryptus sarsi -like populations are now also known from South America, South and Central Africa, Malaysia, Japan and the Russian Far East, but in different regions they most likely represent a complex of close relatives, while I. sarsi s. str. appears to be an exclusively Neotropical taxon (Kotov et al. 2002; Kotov & Štifter 2006; Kotov & Elmoor-Loureiro 2008). Thus, the discovered “ sarsi -like” individuals from Vietnam may well belong to the still undescribed species of Ilyocryptus.
description: Published as part of Gusakov, Vladimir A., Dien, Tran Duc, Tran, Hoan Quoc, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai, Huan, Phan Trong, Ha, Vo Thi & Dinh, Cu Nguyen, 2025, An annotated checklist of the main representatives of meiobenthos from inland water bodies of Central and Southern Vietnam. III. Water fleas (Cladocera), pp. 401-455 in Zootaxa 5613 (3) on pages 407-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15216705