cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
'Freedom of Choice' or 'Freedom from Choice'?: Bargaining and Individual Contracts in the Victorian Public Sector
Creators: name: Backwell, Jim
name: Barrett, Rowena
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: John Howard went to the last federal election saying "Employees will have the choice to remain in the current award system....employees will have the choice of entering into workplace agreements." 'Freedom of choice' underlies the federal Government's reforms contained within the Workplace Relations Act 1996, just as it does the Industrial relations reforms which have been made in Victoria since March 1993. In this paper the experiences that the Community and Public Sector Union/State Public Service Federation (Victoria) has had bargaining in the Victorian Public Sector are examined. It is argued that unless the freedom to choose is supported by certain conditions, for example recourse to arbitration, then the outcome for employees can be 'freedom from choice'.
Development and new public management: partners in the new century?
Creators: name: Hughes, Owen
name: Samaratunge, Ramanie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Development, by definition, focuses on the way of upgrading the quality of life in the long run (Turner and Hulme 1997; Hyden 1983). The significance of quality and effectiveness of governance in increasing national prosperity has been widely recognised (OECD 1996) and consequently in the global environment that emerged in the 1980s, an effective public service with appropriate management practices has become a necessary pre-condition for development (OECD 1998).In recent years the public sectors of a number of developed countries have experienced what has been called 'new public management' (Hughes 1998; Scott, Ball and Dale 1997; Zifcak 1994; Pollitt 1993). This movement has resulted in, within some jurisdictions, a transformation of the management of the public sector: as traditional public administration has been replaced; as former public enterprises have been privatised; as the terms and conditions for employing public servants have become more like those of the private sector and as the contracting out of services has proceeded apace.Developing countries, where the traditional colonial administrative model has remained dominant, have long been searching for the best means of delivering public goods and services in order to adapt to the global environment in the new century. A number of developing countries such as Malaysia (Common, 1999), Ghana (Larbi, 1998), Hong Kong (Cheng, 1996) and Sri Lanka (Samaratunge, 1999) have already introduced selected elements of the new model of public management. As one might been expected, this move has been more controversial than has its introduction in developed countries.Developing countries do have special needs, but by any measure the traditional administrative model has been a general failure in such countries. Given that, this paper examines the relationship between development and new public management in the light of the recent public sector reforms in developing countries. It is argued that the public sector can play a vital role in the process of development with appropriate managerial practices and facilitating the private sector in order to capitalise on the new opportunities in the global environment. New public management provides a better path in this regard even though the developed country model cannot be fully replicated as a radical reform in developing countries due to different environments.
International Work in Domestic Jobs: an Individual Explanation
Creators: name: Tharenou, Phyllis
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This study sought to understand the factors related to the amount of international work individuals perform in domestic jobs, a type of work that is increasing in Australia and elsewhere. Alumni from a single university were surveyed, providing 1046 fulltime domestic employees working in a range of industries. Regression analysis showed that, beyond individual and organizational controls, the amount of international work performed in domestic jobs was related to working in organizations at higher than lower levels of internationalizaton (e.g., MNCs) and human resource support, to working at high managerial levels, and to having international skills (e.g., prior international assignments), but little to attitudes related to international work and none to family factors. As predicted, the managerial level of the job made a difference in response to the work environment. Working in MNCs and domestic organizations with operations abroad was more related to the amount of international work senior managers and executives perform in domestic jobs than lower and middle managers or subordinates and supervisors. Analysis of open-ended responses showed the major reasons Australians would take DJIRs were money, professional development, and challenging content, and the major reasons they would not were family commitments/disruption, in contrast to the quantitative results for family factors. The difference between the quantitative and qualitative results and the importance of family factors, international skills (versus attitudes), and HR support was discussed.
Bayesian Soft Target Zones
Creators: name: Forbes, Catherine S.
name: Kofman, Paul
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Several authors have postulated econometric models for exchange rates restricted to lie within known target zones. However, it is not uncommon to observe exchange rate data with known limits that are not fully `credible'; that is, where some of the observations fall outside the stated range. An empirical model for exchange rates in a soft target zone where there is a controlled probability of the observed rates exceeding the stated limits is developed in this paper. A Bayesian approach is used to analyse the model, which is then demonstrated on Deutschemark-French franc and ECU-French franc exchange rate data.
Additional file 1 of Vitamin C sensitizes BRAFV600E thyroid cancer to PLX4032 via inhibiting the feedback activation of MAPK/ERK signal by PLX4032
Creators: name: Su, Xi
name: Li, Peng
name: Han, Bin
name: Jia, Hao
name: Liang, Qingzhuang
name: Wang, Haichao
name: Gu, Mengwei
name: Cai, Jiaxuan
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Zhou, Yaqi
name: Yi, Xin
name: Wei, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Fig. 1. The representative views of EdU staining of (a) 8505C, (b) BCPAP and (c) 8305C cell lines after a 24-h’s treatment with 6 μM PLX4032 or 0.25 mM vitamin C, individually or in combination. Scale bars: 100 μm.
Planning for the end of the construction boom and transition to a normal economy in Aceh and Nias
Creators: name: Rice, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: There is a very real danger that the transition from the Construction Boom in 2009 to a rapidly growing sustainable normal economy in Aceh will not happen unless both preventive and effective constructive measures are implemented during the coming two years. Instead what could easily happen is a collapse into a deep recession caused by the economy of Aceh being uncompetitive relative to the rest of Indonesia because of its high costs and because in anticipation of this high cost economy situation insufficient investments were made by the private sector in 2006 and the coming two years.
Gender differences in work values: testing alternative explanations
Creators: name: Lindorff, Margaret
name: Barnett, Micheal
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Past research has indicated that women may place less value upon work than do men. Three major explanations have been suggested. The first is that environmental demands or restrictions have caused women to view their work as less important. These demands include demographic and structural factors such as age, education, and employment status. The second explanation is that gender-based socialization pressures have led females to place less value upon work. Alternatively, it has been suggested that women are programmed biologically to find more satisfaction and fulfillment in the family than from work. These explanations were tested using data from the 1989 International Social Survey program. Women in the US sample placed less value upon work than men, taking into account the effects of age, education, employment status, and job satisfaction. This suggests that these structural factors alone may be insufficient explanation of the gender differences in work values. The influence of socialization pressures was next tested by comparing the work values of individuals from 11 countries in the survey. Country of origin was related to work values for both women and men. Thus the different socialization experiences of each country appear to influence work values. Finally, the biological programming argument requires that in every country work values will be lower for women than for men. However, a comparison found no significant difference in the work values of males and females in half the 11 countries in the study. The biological programming argument was therefore not supported.
New Public Management and Industrial Relations in the Australian Public Service: an Overview
Creators: name: Anderson, Eve
name: Griffin, Gerry
name: Teicher, Julian
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The New Public Management (NPM) is the label applied to a literature which posits the need to recast the management of public bureaucracies on the lines of business enterprises. This approach has been adopted in the Australian Public Service (APS). While the roots of reform can be traced back to the 1975 Report of the Royal Commission on Australian Government Administration (RCAGA), the reform process has accelerated since the election of a Liberal-National Party government in 1996. This paper sets out the key principles of NPM and the predicted implications for the employment relationship. It then examines the APS reform process and employment outcomes. We conclude on the available but limited evidence that there are significant centralist deviations from the NPM model and that in the more recent period of reform increasing emphasis has been placed on efficiency at the expense of equity.
Fuzzy logic application in determination of local government employment relationship
Creators: name: Petrovìc-Lazarevìc, Sonja
name: Haidar, Ali
name: Pullin, Len
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The paper deals with the application of fuzzy logic in determination of ethical pattern that dominates the employment relationship in local government. The procedure for determination of the ideal ethical pattern is based on expert systems. The example in the paper illustrates the problem.
Future Workforce Skills: Projections with the Monash Model
Creators: name: Meagher, G. A.
name: Parmenter, Brian R.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Since 1993 the Centre of Policy Studies has been using the MONASH model to produce year-by-year forecasts for the Australian economy, typically with forecast horizons of about ten years. MONASH is a large dynamic applied general equilibrium model. The MONASH forecasting system takes as inputs macroeconomic forecasts from Syntec Economic Services, forecasts for the agricultural and mining sectors from the Australian Bureau of Agricultural and Resource Economics, forecasts for international tourism from the Bureau of Tourism Research, and scenarios on technical change from extrapolations of recent historical experience. The MONASH model then produces consistent forecasts for 112 industries, 56 regions and 282 occupations. The occupational forecasts give projections of the demand for the ASCO unit groups In each of the six Australian States. These forecasts provide a background for assessing the skills likely to be required In the Australian workforce In the next decade. In this paper we report a selection of our most recent (as at February 1995) forecasts for occupations, and explain how they relate to the macroeconomic and industrial dimensions of the overall forecasts.
Decentralisation and Development: Partners in the 21st Century?
Creators: name: Samaratunge, Ramanie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This article examines the problems of centralisation in developing countries in the post independence era. It also evaluates the role of decentralisation, which has been the focus of much recent attention in development literature. Attention is given to different forms of decentralisation, and experiences in developing countries which have had a profound impact on implementation of decentralisation policies. The centralisation and decentralisation dichotomy with the distinction between federal and unitary states is also discussed. It also emphasises the future directions of research in decentralisation within the present market economy framework.
The role of managing information systems to improve competitiveness of Serbian Building and Construction Industry organisations
Creators: name: Petrovic-Lazarevic, Sonja
name: Vukotic, Svetlana
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The paper points to the importance of introducing human resource management in Serbian Building and Construction Industry organisations which operate internationally. After recent political and economic turbulence, the Serbian Building and Construction Industry faces the challenge to come back to the world market and continue the tradition of successful business. A research project of the behaviour of expatriates from Serbian Building and Construction Industry companies has been conducted. The findings supported by the in depth literature review contributed to the formation of a theoretical model of human resource management in the Building and Construction Industry. This model adds value to the existing knowledge of ways to succeed in global business.
Managerialism, MBO and Performance Appraisal in Regional Local Government - Victoria
Creators: name: Pullin, Len
name: Haidar, Ali
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Kennett government in Victoria during the late 1980s and early 1990s undertook a significant managerialist reform agenda. As part of the reform process the Victorian Local Government Act, 1989 was introduced and major changes were made in the strategic direction, organisation and control of Victorian local government. One of these changes was the introduction of fixed term performance contracts for all senior management staff. As a result, senior management issues such as promotion, training, remuneration and contract renewal are now directly influenced by performance evaluation. This paper examines the performance evaluation process in practice in order to determine its outcomes. It found considerable commitment by CEOs and senior officers to the system, but quantitative outcomes are more difficult to identify. This is a regional study, set in six local government units in Gippsland, Victoria.
Service quality and customers' willingness to pay more for travel services
Creators: name: Dean, Alison M.
name: Morgan, Damian
name: Tan, Tang Eng
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Increasingly sophisticated and price conscious consumers have combined with forces of globalisation and electronic commerce to create new challenges for travel agents. To maintain efficiency and profitability, travel agents need to know the links between service quality and customers' willingness to pay more (WTPM). These links are explored through measuring customer perceptions (#=122) of service quality, loyalty and WTPM. The results revealed firstly that while many consumers were able to pay more for travel services, fewer were willing to do so. Secondly, overall service quality and its underlying dimensions were positively associated with selected WTPM items. These findings support and extend previous studies on the service quality - behavioural intentions link and provide practical implications for the travel industry in relation to a differentiated price and service strategy.
Approximating the Distribution of the Instrumental Variables Estimator when the Concentration Parameter Is Small
Creators: name: Poskitt, D. S.
name: Skeels, C. L.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper presents a new approximation to the exact sampling distribution of the instrumental variables estimator in simultaneous equations models. It differs from many of the approximations currently available, Edgeworth expansions for example, in that it is specifically designed to work well when the concentration parameter is small. The approximation is remarkable for the simplicity of its final form, for its accuracy and for its ability to capture those stylized facts that characterize lack of identification and weak instrument scenarios. The development leading to the approximation is also novel in that it introduces techniques of some independent interest not seen in this literature hitherto.
Additional file 1 of Effect of combined wet alkaline mechanical pretreatment on enzymatic hydrolysis of corn stover and its mechanism
Creators: name: Yang, Jie
name: Gao, Chongfeng
name: Yang, Xueqi
name: Su, Yanfu
name: Shi, Suan
name: Han, Lujia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1. The correlation between glucose yield and ball milling time or NaOH concentration.
Ageing and health care: inexorable costs versus modest adaptation
Creators: name: Richardson, Jeff
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This "Working Paper" consists of two documents. The first is a submission to the Productivity Commission inquiry "Implications of an Ageing Australia". The second is a Research Note "Why Ageing is Unlikely to be a Problem for the Health Sector". This was the key document submitted to the Productivity Commission. Its abstract is as follows: This note summarises and elaborates some of the results obtained by Richardson and Robertson (1999). It focuses upon an issue which many still find paradoxical, viz, that while older people spend much more upon health than younger people, this does not imply that health expenditures in the next half century will necessarily become a major problem. The reason for this is two-fold. Firstly, there is no necessary relationship between cross sectional and time series data. Secondly, any effect which might arise from ageing per se will be quantitatively small in relation to GDP growth. An important caveat is that ageing may accentuate the cost impact of new technologies in the health sector.
Role Stress and Satisfication of Academic Department Heads
Creators: name: Sarros, James C.
name: Gmelch, Walter H.
name: Tanewski, George A.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The role of the academic department head in Australian universities has been little explored. This study explores the role more comprehensively by comparing key demographic data with a similar American-based study, and examining the role in terms of job satisfaction, role conflict, and role ambiguity. Findings indicate a job where role stress is significantly associated with chair stress, and negatively associated with job satisfaction and demographic variables. A structural equations model with cross-validation on a split sample indicates the direct effects of role conflict and role ambiguity on chair stress and job satisfaction. Discussions of the findings in terms of the extant research indicate areas in need of further examination.
Relationships of work: retaining & sustaining the contract worker
Creators: name: McKeown, Tui
name: Hanley, Glennis
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The advent of globalisation and decreasing government labour market involvement within the Western World has wreaked havoc with the concept of what was thought of as traditional employment. As work becomes increasingly casual, part-time and temporary, an increasingly dynamic and fluid workforce is created and these features provide an increasingly complex Human Resource Management (HRM) challenge for organisations. This paper investigates some of these challenges within the professional contractor workforce, a working relationship that encapsulates many of the key features of the moves away from the traditional and ongoing employer/employee relationship. Implications for the individual contractor, the employing organisation and organisational HRM strategies are discussed.
Sources, Trends, and Drivers of U.S. Dairy Productivity and Efficiency
Creators: name: Njuki, Eric
name: Njuki, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: U.S. dairy
subject: productivity growth
subject: total factor productivity
subject: milk output per cow
subject: technological progress
subject: technical efficiency
subject: scale-and-mix efficiency
subject: environmental effects
subject: conventional dairy
subject: organic dairy

description: The U.S. dairy sector has undergone substantial structural change characterized by a shift to larger and fewer dairy operations, concentrated in relatively few States. This report measures and analyzes the dairy sector’s productivity growth and efficiency and identifies proximate drivers and sources of this growth in the face of the structural change observed from 2000 to 2020. Results indicate that productivity growth in the dairy sector was widespread, albeit with considerable variations by herd-size class, region, and production type. Western and Southwestern States—Idaho, New Mexico, Arizona, and California—experienced the fastest productivity growth with annual rates between 3.52 and 4.40 percent. Meanwhile, Southern States—Kentucky, Georgia, Missouri, and Tennessee—were the slowest growing with annual rates ranging between 0.89 and 1.74 percent. Furthermore, productivity across the largest herd-size class with more than 1,000 milk cows grew at an annual rate of 2.99 percent while the smallest herd-size class with fewer than 100 milk cows grew at an annual rate of 0.63 percent. Finally, organic dairy operations grew at a much slower pace of 0.66 percent compared with their conventional counterparts that grew at an annual rate of 2.51 percent.
The Nested Binary CES Composite Production Function: CRTS with different (but constant) pair-wise elasticities of substitution among three factors
Creators: name: Powell, Alan A.
name: Rimmer, Maureen T.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The policy debate on global warming has raised the prospect of large taxes on Greenhouse pollutants leading to a very substantial rise in the price of energy. Models in which output is produced according to a technology in which capital (K), labour (L) and energy (E) are substitutable run into the difficulty of how to allow parsimoniously for the higher likely substitutability between K and E than between L and E. Nesting all three factors in a single CES aggregator function is unsatisfactory because of the constancy over pairs of factors of partial substitution elasticities. This paper is a variation on the CES theme. It presents a new composite three-input production function (based on CES and Leontief components) which allows the partial substitution elasticities between capital and labour, capital and energy, and between labour and energy, to differ but to remain individually constant.
Evaluation of the Shepparton Health Heart Projct: project description, evaluation design and methodology
Creators: name: Dunt, David
name: Day, Neil Atherton
name: Halloran, J.
name: Hurworth, R.
name: Jones-Roberts, A.
name: Heselev, J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper describes the conduct of the Shepparton Healthy Heart Project (SHHP) and the design and methodology of its evaluation. The SHHP was a community-based, coronary heart disease primary prevention project, auspiced by the Victorian Division of the National Heart Foundation, in association with the residents of Shepparton, a medium-sized rural community in Central Victoria. It sought, through community participation, to modify its 'culture' and structures relevant to heart disease prevention (rather than focus exclusively on individual risk factor change). The SHHP had an overall Healthy Heart theme with three sequential phases relating to nutrition, physical exercise and smoking. There were additional subprograms directed at particular subpopulations (Koori and NESB) and community organisations (general medical practitioners, eating places, schools and pharmacies). The evaluation's overall design was quasi-experimental, based on a comparison of relevant changes in Shepparton and a comparable community, Mildura in North-Western Victoria across the project period, particularly through the use of baseline and follow-up instruments. Cognitive and behavioural changes in individuals as well as perceptions about change in local groups and the community was assessed using a self-administered mail questionnaire (to 1712 subjects aged 18-74 years at baseline). This was also studied using multiple focus groups. The level and nature of community participation in the SHHP was assessed based on interviews of key informants, document analysis and observations of the evaluation group. The response of the local media was assessed using a log of health-related items in the local newspapers across the project period. Evaluation of the SHHP's phases included self-administered questionnaires and a log of food purchasing behaviour at local supermarkets across the project period. Evaluation of subprograms aimed at schools, eating places and general practitioners involved onsite assessments, interviews or mail questionnaires. The two communities had very similar socio-demographic profiles and only minor differences in baseline levels of Heart Health parameters at baseline.
Additional file 2 of Vitamin C sensitizes BRAFV600E thyroid cancer to PLX4032 via inhibiting the feedback activation of MAPK/ERK signal by PLX4032
Creators: name: Su, Xi
name: Li, Peng
name: Han, Bin
name: Jia, Hao
name: Liang, Qingzhuang
name: Wang, Haichao
name: Gu, Mengwei
name: Cai, Jiaxuan
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Zhou, Yaqi
name: Yi, Xin
name: Wei, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Supplemental Fig. 2. Cells were treating with 1 μM PLX4720 or 0.25 mM VC for 48 h, individually or in combination. MTT assay (b) and colony formation assay (c) were used to evaluate the proliferation inhibitory effect of combining therapy. Data were presented as mean ± SD. ns, not significant; *, P < 0.05; **/^^/##, P < 0.01; ***/^^^/###, P < 0.001. */ns: compared with control group; ^: compared with VC group; #: compared with PLX4720 group.
The Z and N Pillars: Fundamental Components of the D10Z Framework
Creators: name: Al Thani, Jamil
name: Cisneros, Grace
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This report presents the Z and N pillars, core components of the D10Z framework, which model the cosmos’s underlying structure and dynamics. The Z pillar governs dimensional connectivity, embodying zero-point energy fields, zenith coherence states, and zonal boundaries, expressed as Z(x,t)=Z0⋅exp⁡(i∫γω(τ)dτ)⋅Ψn(x) Z(x, t) = Z_0 \cdot \exp(i \int_\gamma \omega(\tau) d\tau) \cdot \Psi_n(x) Z(x,t)=Z0⋅exp(i∫γω(τ)dτ)⋅Ψn(x). The N pillar drives nodal intelligence, manifesting as self-organizing networks, nested hierarchies, and non-local consciousness, formalized as N(x,t)=∑i=1nαi⋅ϕi(x)⋅I(t−ti) N(x, t) = \sum_{i=1}^n \alpha_i \cdot \phi_i(x) \cdot \mathcal{I}(t-t_i) N(x,t)=∑i=1nαi⋅ϕi(x)⋅I(t−ti). Their synergistic interaction, Ω(x,t)=Z(x,t)⊗N(x,t) \Omega(x, t) = Z(x, t) \otimes N(x, t) Ω(x,t)=Z(x,t)⊗N(x,t), generates emergent properties like resonance amplification and conscious fields. Applications span quantum computing, energy generation, health optimization, and self-organizing social systems, offering a transformative framework for understanding and engaging with cosmic reality.
description: The Z and N pillars of the D10Z framework redefine cosmic dynamics, offering a paradigm beyond Big Bang cosmology and the Planck scale. The Z pillar taps zero-point energy, challenging dark matter and exotic energies, while the N pillar’s nodal intelligence reframes consciousness, aligning with E=hf E=hf E=hf in quantum coherence. Their synergy transcends E=mc2 E=mc^2 E=mc2, unifying dimensional and conscious scales. Resonating with ancient patterns like the Flower of Life, this work bridges archaeoastronomy and quantum systems, engaging researchers of non-local phenomena, energy technologies, and social self-organization. We invite the scientific community to explore this transformative model, revolutionizing our understanding of the cosmos and humanity’s role within it.
Pathways to Improved Detection and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer: Achieving Goals for Australia's Health to 2000
Creators: name: Antioch, Kathryn M.
name: Walsh, Michael K.
name: Selby Smith, Chris
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: A diet high in fat and alcohol and low in vegetables and fruits increases risk for colorectal cancer. Males smoking hand rolled cigarettes and cigars and pipes are also at greater risk. Interventions to decrease the consumption of red meats, encourage physical activity and increase intake of vegetables and fruit, calcium, whey protein concentrate, insoluble dietary fibre from barley grain and Vitamin E are promising. The results of cost-effectiveness analyses of screening protocols vary. This reflects variations in methodology, costs, protocols, and assumptions. A recent Japanese study incorporates many alternative protocols and compares biochemical and immunological FOBT. There would be great value in replicating this in Australia. It found that the immunological test (IF) offers a cost-effective method. The strategy of IF every two years, followed by colonoscopy if IF tests are positive was the most cost-effective strategy. Screening should commence between the ages of 40 and 45. An Australian study showed that the two most efficient strategies for testing FOBT positive persons were (a) a combination of repeat FOBT, rigid sigmoidoscopy and barium enema and (b) a combination of flexible sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. The 1994 guidelines of the Australian Gastroenterology Institute and the Australian Cancer Society do not recommend routine screening for those over 50 who have no symptoms and no special risk factors. However, they do suggest the use of FOBT and/or sigmoidoscopy for those persons aged 50-75 years making an informed request for screening. They also indicate that a positive FOBT must be investigated by colonoscopy or by flexible sigmoidoscopy and double contrast barium enema if colonoscopy is not available. The guidelines could be improved by careful consideration of the Australian findings, and following a replication of the Japanese study in Australia.
Who Cares About Cost? Does Economic Analysis Impose Or Reflect Social Values
Creators: name: Nord, Erik
name: Richardson, Jeff
name: Street, Andrew
name: Kuhse, Helga
name: Singer, Peter
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In a two-stage survey, a cross section of Australians were questioned about the importance of costs in setting priorities in health care. Generally, respondents felt that it is unfair to discriminate against patients who happen to have a high cost illness and that costs should therefore not be a major factor in prioritising. The majority maintained this view even when confronted with its implications in terms of the total number of people who could be treated and their own chance of receiving treatment if they fall ill. Their position cannot be discarded as irrational, as it is consistent with a defensible view of utility. However the results suggest that the concern with allocative efficiency, as usually envisaged by the economists, is not shared by the general public and that the cost-effectiveness approach to assigning priorities in health care may be imposing an excessively simple value system upon resource allocation decision making.
Strike Data with a Crisis Point
Creators: name: Lieberman, Offer
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The paper is concerned with the analysis of strike data in which the distribution of short strikes differs from that of long strikes. It appears through visual inspection and asymptotic procedures that for Israeli strikes in the years 1965-1992, the hazard function is exponential for strikes lasting less than 40 days and that it is Weibull with a Weibull parameter greater than unity for longer strikes. The economic interpretation of the phenomenon is discussed. As there is typically only a small sample of long strikes available (Kiefer 1988), classical asymptotic tests are unlikely to convey the correct message. We suggest a test statistic for the hypothesis that a break does not occur. A new F-based expansion for the small sample distribution of the test is derived. The test rejects the hypothesis of no break for the data under investigation. While conventional approximations to the distribution of the test statistic are shown to break down catastrophically, the F-expansion appears to be highly accurate.
A Note on Modified Lattice Approaches to Option Pricing
Creators: name: Easton, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In a recent issue of the Journal of Futures Markets, Tian (1993) investigated the numerical efficiency of various lattice models used in option valuation. Numerical efficiency was measured as the minimum number of steps required to achieve a given level of model accuracy. However, the numerical efficiency of these models was examined by using parameter values corresponding to only three different option values. Tian found with respect to call and American put options that his alternative binomial model has greater numerical efficiency than the Cox, Ross, and Rubinsteins (CRR) (1979) model. Conversely, he found with respect to European put options that the CRR model has greater efficiency than his alternative model. The purpose of this note is to document both analytically and by using a wider range of parameter values that Tian's results are not robust. No evidence is found to suggest that Tian's model is more numerically efficient than the CRR model.
System dynamics and action research in aged care
Creators: name: Walker, Beverly
name: Haslett, Tim
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper documents the an Action Research project undertaken to implement a Continuity of Care Model in an Extended Care Centre providing aged care and psychogeriatric, inpatient, outpatient, community and residential care in Victoria, Australia. The context of this research is a health system which has been under pressure to reduce costs. Bundoora Extended Care Centre (BECC) is one stage of a care process through which aged patients are moved as their clinical situation improves. The action research project used SD modelling and group modelling techniques to examine and improve patient stay times, specifically the period of time patients remained at BECC until they could be discharged. In the first part of the paper, the success of the project, not only in terms of reduction of patient stay times but also team work and staff morale, is documented. In the second part, the systemic adaptations of the rest of the system to the success of the project are documented. The reduction of patient stay times at BECC effectively left it with excess capacity. This capacity was filled by upstream providers who swamped BECC with intractable patients who returned BECC's patient stay times to pre-intervention levels while simultaneously reducing the up-stream providers patient stay times.
Implementation of Monetary Policy in Australia
Creators: name: Avram, Katherine J.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper presents a detailed analysis of how changes in the supply of reserves are used by the Reserve Bank of Australia to influence interest rates and the Australian money supply. Prior to the financial deregulation of the 1980s the primary methods of implementing monetary policy in Australia were through direct controls over bank lending and interest rates, and through varying the reserve requirements imposed on banks. By varying the reserve requirements, the monetary authorities were able to change the size of the credit multiplier. This method is no longer used. In Australia monetary policy is now implemented by controlling the supply of reserves for clearing purposes. Required reserves are not necessary for the operation of this system.
Additional file 3 of Vitamin C sensitizes BRAFV600E thyroid cancer to PLX4032 via inhibiting the feedback activation of MAPK/ERK signal by PLX4032
Creators: name: Su, Xi
name: Li, Peng
name: Han, Bin
name: Jia, Hao
name: Liang, Qingzhuang
name: Wang, Haichao
name: Gu, Mengwei
name: Cai, Jiaxuan
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Zhou, Yaqi
name: Yi, Xin
name: Wei, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Supplemental Fig. 3. The body weight of the nude mice was measured every other day after drug administration.
Nature, heritage and interpretive guide training: mirror on the past and window to the future
Creators: name: Weiler, Betty
name: Black, Rosemary
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The continuing growth in ecotourism and heritage tourism in Australia has enhanced the need for competent tour guides, as they are key to delivering a high quality ecotourism or heritage experience. However, research and industry experience has found that many guides fall short in the knowledge and skills required to plan and deliver effective interpretive tours. One mechanism that can be used to improve guiding performance is training. The Australian Directory of Education and Training in Nature/Heritage Tour Guiding and Interpretation (2001) was produced from an inventory of all known nature and heritage tour guiding and interpretation courses and subjects/units being offered by Australian tertiary institutions, technical and further education (TAFE) colleges, and community-based education organisations as of June 2001. This paper provides an analysis of some of the data collected in this inventory, in order to paint a picture of the current training scene in nature/heritage guiding. The data are also compared to selected information from the 1996 Directory of Ecotourism Education, and analysed in relation to recent industry trends and demands for quality guides. These analyses provide a basis for identifying gaps and opportunities for interpretation and guide education and training for the future.
Exports, export culture and the Australian economy
Creators: name: Shaw, Brendan
name: Hughes, Owen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper examines Australia's export performance and the reasons for that performance. Historical and comparative data is used to examine whether Australia is sufficiently export-oriented. Trends in Australia's exports-to-GDP ratio are compared with long term historical data and with comparative international data. Data examining the proportion of Australian firms which are exporting are also examined, providing some indication of whether Australia is developing an 'export culture'. The composition of Australian exports is also examined, both on a sectoral and commodity basis. The results show that Australia is not yet exporting sufficiently for a country of its size and stage of development. It is argued that the reason for this is Australia's traditional reliance on commodities and low to medium technology manufacturing for export revenue. It is suggested that industry-specific government strategies may be one way to facilitate the development of value-added export industries.
Inter-Regional Migration in Australia: An Applied Economic Analysis
Creators: name: Fry, Jane
name: Fry, Tim R. L.
name: Peter, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In analysing the effects of economic policy in a Federal system, such as Australia, it is important to understand the interactions between the States and Territories. In particular, given that there is free movement between labour markets, to analyse economic policy it is important to understand the factors influencing inter-regional migration. In this paper we use data from 1982 to 1996 to estimate a structural econometric model of inter-regional migration. The results are then used to re-specify and calibrate the Computable General Equilibrium model MONASH-MRF. This then provides a more detailed picture of labour market responses when we subsequently simulate the response of net inter-state migration to changes in State Government spending.
International Human Resource Management: Asia Pacific Challenges
Creators: name: Cieri, Helen De
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This paper reports on a study of international human resource management in the Asia Pacific region. Open-ended interviews were conducted with twenty-eight managers, consultants and academics with expert knowledge of IHRM issues in the Asia Pacific region. This study uses an exploratory design to identify themes, issues and directions for IHRM in the Asia Pacific region. Emergent challenges and critical issues include determining IHRM strategies to deal with the environmental volatility, and managing the changing role(s) for HR specialists.
title: Fiches analytiques tirées des Arrêts du Parlement de Flandre sur diverses questions de droit de Jacques Pollet
Creators: name: Limelette, Renaud
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Décision de justice
subject: Officier de justice d'Ancien Régime

description: Ensemble de fiches synthétiques d'après les arrêts choisis par Jacques Pollet
description: Coverage: Parlement de Flandres
Additional file 4 of Vitamin C sensitizes BRAFV600E thyroid cancer to PLX4032 via inhibiting the feedback activation of MAPK/ERK signal by PLX4032
Creators: name: Su, Xi
name: Li, Peng
name: Han, Bin
name: Jia, Hao
name: Liang, Qingzhuang
name: Wang, Haichao
name: Gu, Mengwei
name: Cai, Jiaxuan
name: Li, Shaolei
name: Zhou, Yaqi
name: Yi, Xin
name: Wei, Wei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Ethical approval document of this research.
A Comparison of Malicious Interdiction Strategies Against Electrical Networks
Creators: name: Cuffe, Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This is the author's version of an article published in the IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems, June 2017.

Abstract:
How well can a typical electrical power system withstand a sophisticated malicious attack undertaken against its exposed branches? The present work seeks to articulate a comprehensive answer to this fundamental question of wide societal importance. New and established techniques that an attacker might use to select promising attack targets are considered, spanning complex network analysis, metaheuristics and classical optimization. By simulating this wide gamut of attack strategies on several test power systems, each modelled under many representative operating states, this work comprehensively articulates the expected robustness of electrical power grids against coordinated branch interdictions.