cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nothing about us without us: Protecting Indigenous knowledges through oral histories and culturally safe research practices
Creators: name: Heckenberg, Sadie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis on Indigenous oral history brings to life our community narratives and portrays the customs, beliefs and values of our old people. The thesis asserts Indigenous tradition and cultural connectedness relies on handing down knowledge from generation to generation. Learning through intergenerational exchange, this Indigenous oral history research highlights Indigenous methodologies and ways of being. Prime to this is an understanding of cultural safety and protecting orality through intellectual property rights. From a Wiradjuri perspective, with Yindyamarra (Respect, be gentle, polite, honour and do slowly) at the core, this research explores strengthening ethical research practices based on traditional value systems.
Influence of UVB radiation on the capacity of dissolved organic carbon to protect freshwater phytoplankton from metal toxicity.
Creators: name: Winch, Susan.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences.

description: Water samples from the Raisin River, Grand River, Lake Simcoe and St. Lawrence River were irradiated in the laboratory for up to 10 d under fluorescent lamps with maximum irradiance in the ultraviolet B waveband (at 310 nm). These waters were chosen to represent a range of dissolved organic carbon (DOC - 30.3, 17.4, 4.4 and 1.9 mg C L-1, respectively). Changes in toxicity of Cu, Zn, Co, Pb, Ni and Cd to Pseudokirchneriella subcapitata in response to irradiation depended on sample source and on the metal tested. Newington Bog water (35.5mg C L-1) was irradiated for 20 d under UVB lamps in the laboratory and under natural solar radiation. Further experiments were performed using a second sample of Raisin River water (20.7 mg C L-1) exposed to 20 d artificial UVA and UVB radiation at or below the maximum irradiance of natural solar radiation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
E-commerce security: A new methodology for deriving effective countermeasures design models
Creators: name: Sawma, Victor D
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: There is a need for a systematic methodology that allows security architects to specialize standard security models (such as the NIST models) for use in e-commerce systems. This methodology must enable security architects to provide proper security measures for legitimate users and prescribe proper countermeasures against malicious users at system design time. In this thesis, we address this problem by providing a systematic methodology for deriving countermeasures design models for e-commerce systems based on the NIST security services model. We introduce and illustrate a new term, malicious user requirements, which denotes the features which if present enable malicious security attacks to succeed. Our methodology targets security by satisfying legitimate user requirements and blocking malicious user requirements at system design time. Furthermore, we evaluate our methodology by means of a case study. In particular, we derive four security countermeasures design models; namely authentication, authorization, access control enforcement, and transaction privacy models. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
The Right to Not Be Ruled: Examining Venezuela’s Anti-Maduro Protest and Hong Kong’s Anti-Extradition Protest with a New Framework of Understanding Legitimation and Mobilisation
Creators: name: Chen, Elijah
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Authoritarianism
Hong Kong Anti-ELAB Protests
Legitimacy
Venezuelan anti-Maduro Protest

description: I explore how legitimation of authoritarian governments affects the anti-authoritarian social movements opposing them. By combining the existing theories of both authoritarian legitimation literature and social movement literature, I developed a new theoretical framework that understands legitimacy as the association between a citizen’s identity, benefits, and political obligation and sees political stability as the equilibrium of legitimation and repression/cooptation measures. Anti-government protests, then, are the result of this legitimation equilibrium breaking down and challenged by an alternative vision of the opposition. I use two case studies to show the process of legitimacy shocks developing into mass protests on the streets in two authoritarian regimes. Specifically, the case of the 2017-2019 anti-Maduro protest in Venezuela shows delegitimation as caused by performance and personalism factors, while 2019-2020 anti-extradition protest in Hong Kong focused on dissatisfactions with procedures and identity conflicts. This thesis shows the capacity of the new framework to explain anti-authoritarian protests, but the detailed relationship between delegitimation and the mobilisation and sustenance of social movement is more complicated.
Social-structural factors influencing periods of injection cessation among marginalized youth who inject drugs in Vancouver, Canada: an ethno-epidemiological study
Creators: name: Boyd, Jade
name: Fast, Danya
name: Hobbins, Megan
name: McNeil, Ryan, 1982-
name: Small, Will
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Injection drug use is associated with HIV and hepatitis C transmission, overdose, and other preventable harms. These harms are heightened for structurally vulnerable injection drug-using populations, as their social conditions pose barriers to safer injecting. Previous research on injection cessation has largely focused on adult drug-using populations. Little qualitative work has examined the social, structural, and environmental factors that shape periods of injection cessation among youth and young adults. Such research is essential to understanding how we can best reduce harms among this vulnerable population as they move in and out of periods of injection cessation. Methods: We conducted 22 semi-structured, qualitative interviews with street-involved young people who use drugs (SY), focused on characterizing their transitions into periods of injection cessation and perceived barriers to injection cessation. Adopting an ethno-epidemiological approach, participants who had experienced at least 6 months of injection cessation were purposively recruited from an ongoing prospective cohort study of SY in Vancouver, Canada to participate in qualitative interviews. Qualitative interview findings were triangulated with the findings of a longitudinal program of ethnographic research with SY in this setting. This ethno-epidemiological approach allowed for a more robust exploration of contextual factors surrounding drug use patterns than would be possible through traditional epidemiological methods alone. Results: Findings indicate that periods of injection cessation were influenced by access to harm reduction-informed youth-focused services, transitions in route of administration (e.g., from injecting methamphetamine to the smoking of methamphetamine), and the provision of housing and social supports (e.g., from friends, family, and care providers). Conversely, participants indicated that inadequate social supports and, for some, abstinence-focused treatment methods (e.g., 12-step programs), impeded efforts to cease injecting. Conclusions: To reduce harms, it is imperative to reorient attention toward the social, structural, and spatial contexts that surround injection drug use and shape periods of injection cessation for SY. There is an urgent need for more comprehensive youth-focused services for those engaged in injection drug use, and further study of innovative means of engaging youth.
The evolution of chronic pain: Adjustment status following treatment for acute low back pain.
Creators: name: De Gagné, Théo A.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Rehabilitation and Therapy.

description: This study examined predictors of continued pain status in a sample of injured workers presenting with acute low back pain with no previous reported injury. Self-reported pain and disability, depressive symptoms, and coping strategies were assessed at admission to a treatment program in an initial sample of 41 injured workers. At discharge, 29 subjects were available for analyses, 27 at 3-months, and 20 at 6-months post injury. Coping and adjustment variables were examined as predictors of continued pain three months following the acute episode of low back pain. A logistic regression analysis using treatment change scores (self-reported disability and depressive symptoms) significantly predicted continued pain and correctly classified 91% of cases. Analyses describing the relationship among post-treatment change variables and continued pain revealed two factors, Diverting Attention, and Active Cognitive Coping, which correctly classified 90% of the cases. Hence, psychological variables measured close to injury onset were related to subsequent adjustment. Descriptive analyses indicated that somatic focus was synchronous with the temporal gradient of pain. Specifically, somatic focus was observed to increase as the pain experience persisted. The correlation among self-reported disability and present pain intensity was greater at discharge compared to admission. These findings indicated that variables impacted upon by treatment may serve as predictors of the development of chronic pain. The role of cognitive-behavioral interventions designed to impact on psychological adjustment variables is discussed.
Modulation of Endogenous and Exogenous Mechanisms of Attention
Creators: name: Guillory, Sylvia
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2012
Subjects: attention
Oscillations

description: Selective attention can be guided by voluntary, effortful processes or involuntary and automatic behavior. Though attention is important in everyday functioning, relatively little is known about the neural mechanisms of this cognitive process. Using a visual working memory paradigm, I sought to describe the relationship among preparatory and information processing and behavioral performance using alpha-band power, and the N2 ERP component. A series of three experiments showed that the magnitude of the alpha-band oscillations, a characteristic of attentional engagement, modulates the N2, a component associated with selective attention.
CX3CR1 knockout aggravates Coxsackievirus B3-induced myocarditis
Creators: name: Mueller, Irene
name: Pappritz, Kathleen
name: Savvatis, Konstantinos
name: Puhl, Kerstin
name: Dong, Fengquan
name: El-Shafeey, Muhammad
name: Hamdani, Nazha
name: Hamann, Isabell
name: Noutsias, Michel
name: Infante-Duarte, Carmen
name: Linke, Wolfgang A.
name: Van Linthout, Sophie
name: Tschoepe, Carsten
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Studies on inflammatory disorders elucidated the pivotal role of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis with respect to the pathophysiology and diseases progression. Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3)-induced myocarditis is associated with severe cardiac inflammation, which may progress to heart failure. We therefore investigated the influence of CX3CR1 ablation in the model of acute myocarditis, which was induced by inoculation with 5x105 plaque forming units of CVB3 (Nancy strain) in either CX3CR1-/- or C57BL6/j (WT) mice. Seven days after infection, myocardial inflammation, remodeling, and titin expression and phosphorylation were examined by immunohistochemistry, real-time PCR and Pro-Q diamond stain. Cardiac function was assessed by tip catheter. Compared to WT CVB3 mice, CX3CR1-/- CVB3 mice exhibited enhanced left ventricular expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which was associated with an increase of immune cell infiltration/presence. This shift towards a pro- inflammatory immune response further resulted in increased cardiac fibrosis and cardiomyocyte apoptosis, which was reflected by an impaired cardiac function in CX3CR1-/- CVB3 compared to WT CVB3 mice. These findings demonstrate a cardioprotective role of CX3CR1 in CVB3-infected mice and indicate the relevance of the CX3CL1/CX3CR1 system in CVB3-induced myocarditis.
Understanding public attitudes toward sentencing.
Creators: name: Tufts, Jennifer.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Sociology, Criminology and Penology.

description: Public attitudes toward sentencing are complex. However, it is important to understand what the public's ideas are about the types of sentences that should be given to offenders. The aim of the present study was to empirically examine public attitudes toward sentencing in Canada. In particular, the public's sentencing preferences for offenders were investigated using the specific crime scenario method of questioning. The overall purpose was to determine which particular factors are related to, or predict, public sentencing preferences. The data for the present study were from the 1999 General Social Survey (GSS) administered by Statistics Canada. For the first time in 1999, the GSS sought to examine public attitudes toward sentencing. The public's sentencing preferences for offenders were investigated through the use of scenario-type questions. Respondents were presented with a hypothetical situation for which they were asked to choose "prison" or "non-prison". A total of 25, 876 people were interviewed for this survey. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
The emergence of social intrapreneurship in corporate social responsibility practice: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Tavakoli, Nadia
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The world today faces numerous wicked problems, such as: climate change, poverty, increasing economic inequality, famine, potential pandemics, etc. Therefore, organisations are expected to increase their remit of responsibility and develop new ways of engaging with society more proactively. In this regard, social intrapreneurship is an innovative activity that tackles social problems from within an organisation when the social and financial needs of the organisation are met and contributes towards corporate social responsibility (CSR). This study explores the phenomenon of social intrapreneurship, which involves understanding the antecedents and outcomes of social intrapreneurship. Collaboration with external partners is highlighted as a main antecedent factor that is embedded in social intrapreneurship.
Characteristics of Australian internet sexual offenders: An examination of psychological, offence specific and treatment factors in internet, contact and dual sexual offenders
Creators: name: Sorotos, Angela C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Research examined whether child exploitation material (CEM) offenders share a similar profile to contact sexual offenders or offenders who engage in both CEM and contact sexual crimes (dual offenders) against children. Results indicated that CEM offenders differ from contact and dual sexual offenders on a number of characteristics including the presence of childhood abuse, childhood adversity, alcohol and substance abuse, paraphilias, relationship status, DSM V diagnosis and mood states. This research may allow for the identification of characteristics that act as warning flags for further offending and aid in the development of therapeutic interventions.
Amused, accepted, and used? Attitudes and emotions towards automated vehicles, their relationships, and predictive value for usage intention
Creators: name: Zoellick, Jan C.
name: Kuhlmey, Adelheid
name: Schenk, Liane
name: Schindel, Daniel
name: Blüher, Stefan
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Autonomous driving
subject: Physical experience of automated vehicles
subject: Technology acceptance
subject: Trust in automated vehicles
subject: Emotions towards automated vehicles
subject: Self-driving cars
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::300 Sozialwissenschaften
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::600 Technik::600 Technik, Technologie

description: Automated vehicles (AVs) have left the laboratories and can be experienced in several projects, e.g. at the premises of a clinic in Germany. With this transition, research on AV attitudes no longer needs to rely on questionnaires with hypothetical scenarios and simulations. Previous research – limited by the unavailability of AVs – has provided ambivalent results regarding age and gender differences in attitudes towards AVs. We present research results about the role of age and gender in connection with attitudes such as acceptance, perceived safety, and trust, as well as intention to use. We additionally demonstrate relationships between those constructs and emotions such as amusement, fear, and surprise. Data were collected from participants (n = 125) after having experienced an AV ride with level 4 automation on two campuses of a clinic in Berlin, Germany. Results reveal strong correlations between all attitudes (0.55 ≤ r ≤ 0.71; p
Kitsap County 4-H Newsletter, November-December 2019
Creators: name: Washington State University Kitsap County Extension
Publisher: name: Washington State University
Year: 2019
Subjects: 4-H Club

description: Contents:
description: Important Dates
description: In the Spotlight
description: What's Happening in 4-H in Kitsap County
description: State~National~International 4-H Opportunities
description: 4-H Fundraisers
description: Scholarship Opportunities
description: Volunteer News
description: 4-H Trivia
description: 4-H Office Contact Information
Effects of PMA (PHORBOL-12-MYRISTATE-13-ACETATE) on the Developing Rodent Brain
Creators: name: Dzietko, Mark
name: Hahnemann, Maria
name: Polley, Oliver
name: Sifringer, Marco
name: Felderhoff-Mueser, Ursula
name: Bührer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Perinatal infections have a negative impact on brain development. However, the underlying mechanisms leading to neurological impairment are not completely understood and reliable models of inflammation are urgently needed. Using phorbol-myristate-acetate as an activator of inflammation, we investigated the effect on the developing rodent brain. Neonatal rats and mice deficient in IL-18 or IRAK-4 were exposed to PMA. Brains were assessed for regulation of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and cell death 24 hrs, 7 and 14 days after treatment. PMA induced an inflammatory response and caused widespread neurodegeneration in the brains of 3- and 7-day-old rats. In contrast, 14-day- old rats were resistant to the neurotoxic effect of PMA. Histological evaluation at the age of 14 and 21 days revealed a destruction of the cortical microstructure with decreased numerical density of neuronal cells. Mice deficient in IL-18 or IRAK-4 were protected against PMA induced brain injury. PMA treatment during a vulnerable period can alter brain development. IL-18 and IRAK-4 appear to be important for the development of PMA induced injury.
Intramolecular interaction of isolated molecules and their interactions with metal surfaces
Creators: name: Islam, Shawkat
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Designing efficient and rational nanomaterials for mimicking the targeted functionalities mostly relies on the thorough understanding of the possible interactions occurring among the core molecular units of the device. Molecular modelling can estimate, explain and control all the probable complexities which may deteriorate the device performance. The structure, property and interactions of isolated molecules and adsorbed systems are investigated to unveil the atomic level insights on a specific molecular functionality, which showcases the importance of synergism between theory and experiment. The systems studied in this thesis are of both material (e.g., catalysis and molecular electronics etc) and biological importances (e.g., bio-sensor and targeted drug delivery).
The career markers of elite basketball coaches: A qualitative analysis.
Creators: name: Schinke, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Psychology, Industrial.

description: In-depth open-ended interviews were conducted with six elite Canadian basketball coaches. The purpose of the interviews were to delineate the development of these coaches from their first athletic experiences to their current elite coaching status. The average age of the coaches was 51.5 years, and they had coached for an average of 19.7 years. The results of the present study identified the following seven chronological stages: early sport participation, national elite sport, international elite sport, novice coaching developmental coaching, national elite coaching and international elite coaching. As novice athletes, they were influenced by parents, sport instructors an accessibility to physical resources. Eventually, all became elite level athletes with high levels of commitment, talent and passion for sport. Some athletes chose to pursue their athletics to the highest international level, and therefore became national team members. When athletic careers ended, the coaches searched for possible ways to remain affiliated with sport. The novice developmental coaching stages reflected a search for appropriate coaching philosophies and skills. Concurrently, the developmental coaches sought out additional theoretical and applied wedge from coaching science courses and more knowledgeable master coaches. Due to their winning records and formalized coaching procedures, those sampled were all hired to work with university basketball teams. The differences between the national and international elite levels were minimal. However, those who opted to become international level coaches made a conscious decision to prioritize competitive results over all else. The implications of this research provide basketball coaches and sport scientists with one possible blue print for the professional development of elite coaches.
Impact of highly active antiretroviral therapy on hepatitis C virus RNA levels over one year in HIV-HCV co-infected individuals.
Creators: name: Cooper, Curtis.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Public Health.

description: The effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) on plasma HCV RNA level in HIV-HCV co-infected individuals is uncertain. This issue was investigated over 12 months in HIV-HCV co-infected subjects HAART-treated for at least six months and achieving HIV RNA suppression below 500 copies/mL. It was predicted that HCV RNA would initially increase from baseline, decline thereafter, and fall below baseline by 12 months. Frozen plasma specimens were used to measure quantitative HCV RNA levels in 50 HAART-treated co-infected subjects at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. A 0.5 logo increase in HCV RNA at 3 months was observed. This was followed by a decline below baseline. As low HCV RNA is a predictor of virologic response to HCV therapy, it may be advantageous to first achieve suppression of plasma HIV RNA level, gain immune reconstitution with HAART, and then initiate HCV antiviral treatment in HIV-HCV co-infected individuals.
Holographic Embeddings for Text and Graphs
Creators: name: Obiso, Timothy
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: embedding
subject: holographic
subject: nlp
subject: non-euclidean
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Embeddings are everywhere in NLP. Obtaining and using word and sentence embeddings is a pretraining and fine-tuning step for many language models and downstream NLP tasks. Traditionally, natural language is embedded in Euclidean space. Besides Euclidean space, words and sentences can be embedded in hyperbolic, spherical, and other non-Euclidean spaces. Each space has unique strengths and can more naturally encode distinct features of natural language. While there is no “best” embedding set or space across all NLP tasks and domains, there are situations where certain spaces and embeddings greatly outperform others. Further, there are underexplored yet interesting uses of embeddings for which holographic embeddings are uniquely suitable. Holographic embeddings and holographic space present a way to combine existing embeddings across different spaces with perturbations to improve performance in certain tasks or supra-domains.To this end, I put forth multiple proposals for generating, experimenting with, and evaluating the performance of holographic word and sentence embeddings. I experiment with word-level and sentence-level NLP tasks as well as AMR-based and graph-based storage and retrieval tasks. This work shows the strong performance of holographic embeddings compared to existing embeddings with the added benefit of (de)compositionality. Finally, I explore how holographic embeddings can be used with linguistic theories and representations through applications to Generative Lexicon (GL) Theory and Uniform Meaning Representation (UMR).
VLSI systolic array architectures for the one-dimensional and two-dimensional discrete Fourier transform.
Creators: name: Gu, Siying.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: In this thesis, we propose efficient systolic array architectures for the 1-D and the 2-D discrete Fourier transforms (DFT) using the second-order Goertzel algorithm. For the 1-D DFT, two 1-D and one 2D systolic arrays are proposed. The two 1-D structures, a semi-systolic array and a pure-systolic array, are characterized by regular, modular cell interconnections, thus making the arrays compatible with VLSI design principles. These arrays perform at an effective throughput rate of one DFT sample per clock cycle. The proposed 2-D array structure obtains a higher throughput rate of one DFT transform per clock cycle. As for the 2-D DFT, a 2-D systolic array architecture is developed which does not require a row-column transposition while some delay units are needed between the two stages. All the above proposed systolic arrays can process continuous flow of input data and perform at 100% efficiency. These structures are compared to other DFT systolic arrays regarding complexity and real-time implementation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
The role of procedural justice reasoning in the reintegration of sexual offenders into the community
Creators: name: Bojczenko, Mickael Nickolas
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Preventive detention schemes operate in jurisdictions around the world and were created to protect the community from individuals who still present an unacceptable risk of harm following a term of incarceration. Legislation stipulates ongoing detention or supervision should serve utilitarian purposes and depend on the potential risk of future harm. However, research has indicated retributive factors may also influence preventive detention decisions. In five experimental studies, this research project found that both utilitarian and retributive motives drive preventive detention decision making. Results are discussed in terms of implications for legal decision making in a preventive detention context.
A comparative analysis of creative thinking patterns in children who are gifted, learning disabled, and gifted with learning disabilities.
Creators: name: LaFrance, Edith B. (Dee).
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Education, Special.

description: Creative thinking is dynamic; its growth can be fostered in a democratic atmosphere with instruction and experiences which encourage the use of all mind functions. This study integrates two models of creative thinking and extends the existing research to include, not only gifted children, but also children who are learning disabled and children who are gifted with learning disabilities. Children who are gifted with learning disabilities (gifted/LD) are often achieving at below grade level because their high abilities mask their extreme learning disabilities and their learning disabilities mask their high cognitive abilities. Unable to produce at the expected rate or standard, they are frequently given programming which excludes them from activities which might develop their potential in gifted behaviours. Unidentified and misunderstood, the gifted/LD, like the learning disabled children, perceive school as an experience in failure; self-esteem is lowered and the school experience is left behind as quickly as possible. Cognitive as well as creative thinking patterns are compared in these three groups of exceptional children by examining, through both quantitative and qualitative analyses, their subtest scores on the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and their performance on figural designs as well as creative writing. Teachers in four Boards of Education were interviewed individually. They were aware of creative thinking characteristics in gifted and gifted/LD children but not in learning disabled children. Since the revised Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children assessed only cognitive functioning, it was after administering tests of creative thinking that learning disabled children's strengths became apparent. These were intuitive creative aspects as expressed in figural form completion and expressing positive and negative feelings in their stories. Gifted/LD children were more similar to gifted than to learning disabled children in cognitive as well as other creative thinking abilities. This study should assist teachers and clinicians to identify creative thinking differences between gifted and gifted/LD and between gifted/LD and learning disabled children. By using their creative abilities while meeting educational needs, teachers are heightening self-esteem and encouraging the realization of their students' fuller potential.
The Effect of Trait Mindfulness on Acute Stress is Gender and Affect Dependent
Creators: name: Saucier, Eve
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2011
Subjects: mindfulness
acute stress
negative affect
Gender Differences

description: Stress in excess can ultimately lead to poor health outcomes. Most research on the reduction of stress via mindfulness focuses on mindfulness-based training and therapy rather than studying the effects of trait mindfulness. Like practiced mindfulness, trait mindfulness is hypothesized to reduce chronic stress and both psychological (self-report) and physiological responses to acute stress. 29 participants (16 male) were assessed for trait mindfulness, experienced the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST), and completed stress-related questionnaires. Multiple regressions revealed gender-independent negative associations between trait mindfulness and self-reported chronic and acute stress. The mindfulness and self-reported acute stress relationship was mediated by state affect. For men only, high trait mindfulness was correlated with greater cortisol increases to stress. The gender and mindfulness interaction effect on cortisol increases was only apparent when controlling for affect. Trait mindfulness is an effective protector against perceived chronic and acute stress which may correlate to positive health outcomes. The findings in relation to cortisol may represent an adaptive response to threat in men, but cannot yet be determined in women. Further implications and limitations are also discussed.
Les manifestations de la violence sacrée dans La Religieuse de Denis Diderot et Les Liaisons dangereuses de Pierre Choderlos de Laclos.
Creators: name: Geagea, Fida.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Literature, Romance.

description: Dans La Violence et le sacré , René Girard s'interroge sur le rapport entre la violence et le sacrifice. La place décisive que la violence tient dans le sacrifice rituel ne peut s'expliquer, selon l'auteur, que par un sacrifice originel, une «violence fondatrice». Ce premier sacrifice est le meurtre d'une victime émissaire, choisie au hasard par la communauté afin d'évacuer sa violence et d'instaurer l'ordre. Depuis, ce meurtre ne cessera d'être renouvelé sous la forme d'un rituel sacrificiel. L'analyse de La Religieuse de Denis Diderot permet de voir comment la violence sacrée se perpétue. De la «crise sacrificielle» jusqu'à l'immolation de la «victime»; tous les éléments retrouvés dans le roman rappellent le rituel sacrificiel «traditionnel». Toujours une seule et même victime qui subit la violence «unanime»: Suzanne Simonin. En revanche, dans Les Liaisons dangereuses , les victimes se multiplient. D'ailleurs, le sacrifice n'est plus inspiré par le besoin de maintenir un ordre menacé: il est le fruit des principes libertins. De là, un rituel sacrificiel perverti par le jeu de la séduction.
Opposites Attract - Or Do They? : Investigating Negated Verbs in Distributional Semantic Space
Creators: name: Storozum, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2018
Subjects: linguistics
distributional semantics
negation
Computational Linguistics
Semantics

description: Negation is ubiquitous in natural language and a fundamental logical operator in formal semantics, yet it remains difficult to capture with distributional semantic models. \r In this thesis, we examine negation of verbal predicates by creating distributional semantic models of a medium-sized text corpus. We show that the effect negation has on vectors of negated verbal predicates is similar to that of dimensionality reduction, suggesting that negation in context, or conversational negation, functions as a kind of pragmatic salience signaling. We also introduce an annotated data set of alternative plausibility ratings for negated verbal predicates and find that antonyms and distributionally similar words are plausible alternatives for negated verbs.
Dendritic calcium spikes are clearly detectable at the cortical surface
Creators: name: Suzuki, Mototaka
name: Larkum, Matthew E.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Cortical surface recording techniques such as EEG and ECoG are widely used for measuring brain activity. The prevailing assumption is that surface potentials primarily reflect synaptic activity, although non-synaptic events may also contribute. Here we show that dendritic calcium spikes occurring in pyramidal neurons (that we showed previously are cognitively relevant) are clearly detectable in cortical surface potentials. To show this we developed an optogenetic, non-synaptic approach to evoke dendritic calcium spikes in vivo. We found that optogenetically evoked calcium spikes were easily detectable and had an unexpected waveform near the cortical surface. Sensory-evoked dendritic calcium spikes were also clearly detectable with amplitudes that matched the contribution of synaptic input. These results reveal how dendritic calcium spikes appear at the cortical surface and their significant impact on surface potentials, suggesting that long-standing surface recording data may contain information about dendritic activity that is relevant to behavior and cognitive function.
A study of the use of wavelets in cellular wireless communication systems.
Creators: name: Fiallos, Edgard.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: In this thesis we review the fundamental concepts of wavelets and wireless cellular communication (chapters 2 & 3 respectively). We then explore the details of how wavelets can be used to multiplex users in a communication channel. Much of our exploration is devoted to gain insight into how this technique compares to existing multiple access schemes (chapter 4). A qualitative analysis of how wavelets support a multi-user scheme is provided (chapter 5). Performance issues related to the specific application of wavelets in a cellular communication environment are simulated, discussed, and compared with other multi-users schemes. In this thesis we show how wavelets could potentially support a multi-user scheme that can provide a flexible transceiver structure of high capacity.
Clitoral size in term newborns in Kumasi, Ghana
Creators: name: Asafo-Agyei, Serwah B
name: Ameyaw, Emmanuel
name: Chanoine, Jean-Pierre
name: Zacharin, Margaret
name: Nguah, Samuel B
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Background: Data on normative clitoral sizes in newborns is relatively sparse and racial/ethnic differences have also been reported. This study was performed to establish norms for clitoral size in term Ghanaian female newborns. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study of all apparently well full-term newborns of postnatal age < 48 h and birth weight between 2.5 and 4.0 kg delivered at Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital between May and September, 2014. Anthropometric and genital parameters were documented for study subjects as well as parental socio-demographic indices. Results: In 612 newborn females studied, the mean (±SD) clitoral length (MCL) and the mean (±SD) clitoral width (MCW) were 4.13 ± 1.6 mm and 4.21 ± 1.1 mm, respectively. MCL was inversely related to birth weight (r = −0.62; p < 0.001) while MCW was inversely related to both gestational age (r = −0.1; p = 0.02) and birth weight (r = −0.54; p < 0.001). Babies with a clitoris that was completely covered by the labia majora had relatively lower clitoral sizes (p < 0.001) than those who had a partially covered or prominent clitoris. Neither MCL nor MCW differed significantly by birth length or maternal tribe. Conclusions: Clitoral size varies with birth weight and gestational age. Babies with a completely covered clitoris are unlikely to warrant detailed clitoral measurements for clitoromegaly.
Using Tensor Electromagnetism to Qualify and Quantify Elasticity in Rigid Materials
Creators: name: Countryman, Albert Ketler
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Rheology

description: The elasticity of a rigid material can be quantified via direct application of strain and measurement of the induced boundary stresses. In the context of both crystalline and amorphous material rheology, however, there are advantages to working with a theory of elasticity that does not reference a strain field or a unique stress-free reference state. This quality is necessary for a theory that describes, for instance, jammed solids which only attain rigidity in the presence of an applied external stress. Using a mapping between a physical system of mechanical forces and an emergent tensor electromagnetism, it is possible to predict the form of statistical correlations and response functions of microscopic stresses within a rigid material. By comparing the theoretical forms of these functions with those measured directly from experiment, it is possible to extract entries of an effective elastic modulus tensor, qualify the emergence of rigidity within the material, and more. The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate the unique usefulness of this approach to the problem of analyzing the form of elasticity present in a variety of different systems. For amorphous materials, this approach bears the benefit of being fully-defined without reference to a displacement field, an object which cannot be uniquely defined for a non-crystalline material. For a crystalline system displaying nonlinear elastic properties upon rearrangement of the underlying network, this approach provides a method of interpreting the nonlinear elasticity as instantaneously linear with a stress-dependent elastic modulus tensor.
The impacts of screen media use on young children's cognition
Creators: name: Huber, Brittany
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Children spend more time with screen media than policies advise. Because research cannot keep up with the rate at which new technologies evolve, these guidelines are based on the study of the impacts of more traditional media on children’s development. This research explored whether theories of children’s learning from television are applicable to children’s (2-6 years) use of interactive touchscreens. Collectively, this work suggests that not all “screen time” is created equally. Policies should evolve from being restrictive to instructive, and provide guidance on creating quality screen media experiences that consider the content and context, rather than the duration.
Connected to Community: Jewish Ritual, Meaning, and Gender at Brandeis University
Creators: name: Eisen, Rachel Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Ritual
Gender
Jewish Ritual

description: What rituals do actively-involved Jewish undergraduate students practice? What is meaningful to them and why? What role does gender play? This thesis seeks to answer those questions. The thesis is based primarily on qualitative research, consisting of long- form interviews with undergraduate students at Brandeis University. This exploratory study addresses the intersection of the study of American Judaism, ritual studies, and gender and Judaism. The non-generalizable findings suggest that participants frequently tinker with practices and affiliations to mix-and-match different aspects of Jewish life, and that community is highly important. These findings support existing research theories about ritual and community and religious life among emerging adults. In addition, findings suggest that community may be so important to participants that they are willing to engage with discomfort and tension around issues of gender in order to practice their Judaism in spaces of meaningful community.
François Gendron et Christophe Regnaut : deux voix données en Nouvelle-France.
Creators: name: Vallée, Andréanne.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Biography.

description: En 1645, lorsque le père Paul Ragueneau fut nommé supérieur de la mission huronne et qu'il commença à rédiger ses Relations , François Gendron et Christophe Regnaut, deux donnés (domestiques ad vitam ), y occupaient déjà respectivement les postes de chirurgien et de cordonnier. Gendron et Regnaut laissèrent tous deux des récits de leur voyage. Ces textes sont exceptionnels d'abord parce qu'ils furent rédigés par des donnés vivant dans une mission religieuse, mais aussi parce que plusieurs indices laissent croire qu'ils auraient pu servir la plume du père Ragueneau pendant la rédaction de certaines parties des Relations . Cette thèse entend mettre en lumière le cadre historique dans lequel s'inscrivent les récits des donnés , les spécificités inhérentes à cette écriture de voyage (épistolarité et authenticité) et les particularités de ce discours par rapport à celui du père Ragueneau. Cette analyse éclaire donc l'émergence des deux seules voix données de la Huronie, connues à ce jour.
Active Nematics in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Varghese, Minu
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Active nematics
3D

description: Internally driven, or active materials are a special class of non-equilibrium system that inspire scientists across various disciplines. In condensed matter physics, this class of problems are a natural extension to equilibrium statistical mechanics; In biophysics, active matter is a testing ground for unifying theories of the mechanics of life; In material science and engineering, active matter presents new opportunities to design novel self-animating materials. Active nematics, or self driven nematic liquid crystals, are a widely studied instance of active matter, due to their spectacularly rich phenomenology and potential for practical applications. In the past, research on active nematics had been restricted to 2D. A full 3D treatment of active nematics presents several challenges. Over the past five years, we have made significant progress in addressing these challenges with extended collaboration between theory, experiment, and numerical simulations. This thesis documents some of these developments.
description: Results presented here demonstrate that three dimensional active nematics are strikingly different from their two dimensional counterparts. The possibility of `escape into the third dimension' implies that the topology of a 3D nematic is fundamentally different from its 2D counterpart. Active driving of a 3D nematic leads to deformations of the twist kind that are not possible with just two dimensions. Additionally, the effects of confinement in 3D are fundamentally different from that in 2D, since confinement in different dimensions get coupled through the hydrodynamics.
Personality-based design and implementation for personalization of e-Commerce applications
Creators: name: Ho Woo, Nancy
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: In commerce, user behaviour modelling is an important component of marketing and advertising. Personalization, a widely used feature of e-Commerce systems, is one aspect of such modelling. Current personalization systems require users to register in order to provide their services; and many of the personalization aspects offered are determined by requiring the user to fill extensive forms regarding their preferences. Although there are a few systems that provide automatic personalization, most focus on the link and content personalization only. Work done in user profiling and determining user models for marketing and commerce purposes have little emphasis on user personality; moreover, there has been a growing concern for privacy of information from the ever-growing online community. The objective of this thesis is to provide a model where the personality of the customer is used for personalization. A mechanism is proposed in which personalization does not require registration, the customer personality profile is determined implicitly, and the personalization module is updated dynamically while the customer browses the products. The design, implementation and testing of a bookstore using this model is presented; furthermore the system is coupled with a privacy component to present the concept of privacy-enhanced personalization of web pages.
Advancing the study of quality of life in bipolar disorder: A multimethod approach
Creators: name: Morton, Emma
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: "Advancing the study of quality of life in bipolar disorder: A multimethod approach" by Emma Morton addresses a series of questions limiting progress in the understanding and application of this consumer valued treatment target. Four parallel studies clarify the conceptualisation and measurement of quality of life in bipolar disorder, the relationship between mood symptoms and quality of life, and consumer experiences of quality of life. A heuristic framework organising quality of life concepts is generated from the project, and a range of clinical applications are highlighted, with potential to improve the quality of life of individuals with bipolar disorder.
Restore, remake, reference: Curating a history of Australian video art
Creators: name: Perkins, Matthew
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Australian video art came under the microscope in recent times because its history was in danger of being lost due to older technologies becoming obsolete as well as there being a lack of collection and documentation by cultural institutions. To challenge this problem the researcher developed curatorial strategies to help build a genealogy of Australian video art for exhibition purposes thus challenging the cultural amnesia that has plagued this history. This research was of national benefit to the cultural community because it provided access to a history of Australian video art through both an exhibition and an extensive printed catalogue.