cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: In Situ Nitrogen Fixation in Cold Desert Soil-Algae Crust in Northern Utah
Creators: name: Sorensen, Darwin LeVoy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1975

description: Nitrogen fixation, as measured by the acetylene-ethylene assay, in the surface soils of southern Curlew Valley, Utah-Idaho was studied. The removal of nitrogen from the surface soil by precipitation runoff water was also studied, and the role of the soil-algae crust in preventing erosive loss of nitrogen was evaluated.
Nitrogen fixation during the study year was estimated to be less than 10 kg/ha. This level is probably sufficient to maintain steady-state on an annual basis in standing crop nitrogen in this environment.
Well structured, lichenous crusts had improved infiltration of precipitation and lowered erosive loss of nitrogen. Poorly structured and lichen free crusts were more susceptible to erosive nitrogen loss. Precipitation runoff water removal of nitrogen produced no measurable change in total nitrogen in any of the soils studied.
Hybrid model calculations of direct photons in high-energy nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Bäuchle, Björn
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct photon emission in heavy-ion collisions is calculated within a relativistic micro+macro hybrid model and compared to the microscopic transport model UrQMD. In the hybrid approach, the high-density part of the evolution is replaced by an ideal 3-dimensional hydrodynamic calculation. This allows to examine the effects of viscosity and full local thermalization, in comparison of the transport model to the ideal fluid-dynamics. We study the origin of high-p_T photons as well as the impact of elementary high-sqrt(s) collisions. We further explore the contribution of different production channels and non-thermal radiation to the spectrum of direct photons. Detailed comparison to the measurements by the WA98-collaboration are also undertaken.
description: 17 pages, 22 Figures
title: Comprehensive Health Planning in Utah: An Organizational Analysis of Environmental Health Planning
Creators: name: Lee, Marsha J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this study is to delineate the role of a Utah State comprehensive health planning agency in environmental health planning. The scope and nature of environmental health planning was researched thus defining the data base. Secondary information sources and informal interviews were used as sources for data about the existing situations in Utah which affect the organization of environmental health planning. The analysis of existing situational was presented in five sections: Goals for Environmental Health Planning; Intergovernmental Planning Coordination in Utah; Multicounty Health Districts in Utah; Utah State Agencies Having Responsibilities Related to Environmental Health; and Implications of Public Law 93-641 (the National Health Planning and Resources Development Act of 1974) and Utah Senate Bill No. 45 (the Health Resources Development Act of 1976). Analysis of information examined the organization and purpose of agencies and institutions as specified by secondary information sources and interviews. Recommendations for the role of an Utah State comprehensive health planning agency in environmental health were based on these analyses.
The complexity of classification problems for models of arithmetic
Creators: name: Coskey, Samuel
name: Kossak, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C62, 03H15, 03E15

description: We observe that the classification problem for countable models of arithmetic is Borel complete. On the other hand, the classification problems for finitely generated models of arithmetic and for recursively saturated models of arithmetic are Borel; we investigate the precise complexity of each of these. Finally, we show that the classification problem for pairs of recursively saturated models and for automorphisms of a fixed recursively saturated model are Borel complete.
description: 15 pages
title: A Comparative Study of the Oxygen Uptake Between Nonmotorized and Motorized Treadmills
Creators: name: Wood, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of nonmotorized treadmill walking and motorized treadmill walking on YO, results, measured in ml•kg·'·min·•, of males and females, ages 20-30 at Utah State University, Logan, Utah, USA. The participants were required to walk at a pace of 3 miles per hour and 13% grade for a total exercise time of 9 minutes. The exercise time was broken up with 3-minute recovery periods. Oxygen uptake was measured continuously using a metabolic measurement cart. The data obtained from the metabolic cart were correlated for each treadmill to determine the degree of relationship.
A 1 test for correlated means was used to determine if there was a significant difference, alpha < 0.05, when measuring YO, and metabolic (MET) results. A significantly low correlational coefficient was found when the Pro form Dual Motion Crosswalk Cross Trainer motorized treadmill (CW TM) V02 and MET results were compared with the Jane Fonda nonmotorized treadmill (Jane TM) and Voit 502 MD nonmotorized treadmill (Voit TM) YO, and MET results (r = 0.3, Q < 0.0001). These results enabled the researchers to reject the null hypotheses, which stated there would be no significant difference and a high positive correlation between nonmotorized and motorized treadmill V02 and MET results. Standard mean difference effect sizes were calculated for the nonmotorized treadmills versus the motorized treadmill. An effect size of 1.62 was found when both nonmotorized treadmills were compared with the motorized treadmill. This, combined with the significant difference, Q < 0.0001 , provided confidence that a Type I error was avoided. Therefore, the results of this research study show a significant difference in V02 and METs measured on a nonmotorized treadmill when compared with a motorized treadmill.
Growth rate for beta-expansions
Creators: name: Feng, De-Jun
name: Sidorov, Nikita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A63, 28D05, 42A85

description: Let $β>1$ and let $m>\be$ be an integer. Each $x\in I_\be:=[0,\frac{m-1}{β-1}]$ can be represented in the form \[ x=\sum_{k=1}^\infty ε_kβ^{-k}, \] where $ε_k\in\{0,1,...,m-1\}$ for all $k$ (a $β$-expansion of $x$). It is known that a.e. $x\in I_β$ has a continuum of distinct $β$-expansions. In this paper we prove that if $β$ is a Pisot number, then for a.e. $x$ this continuum has one and the same growth rate. We also link this rate to the Lebesgue-generic local dimension for the Bernoulli convolution parametrized by $β$. When $β
description: 21 pages, 2 figures
title: Comparisons and Effects of Assessing Agricultural Land According to Market Value versus Agricultural Value for Taxing Purposes, Salt Lake County, Utah, 1967
Creators: name: Degiorgio, Fred
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: A sample of agricultural parcels in Salt Lake County, Utah was analyzed to determine the effects on assessed values and per acre taxes under alternative assessment methods; assessment according to market value or agricultural value (preferential treatment).
The assessed value changes and tax shifting between all classes of taxable property in the county were calculated with and without the preferential assessment of agricultural land and at assessment levels equalized for all classes.
Variations in assessed value, agricultural and market values and assessment ratios were analyzed for the parcels in the sample by location and size of the parcel, present use, occupation of the owner, and the degree of development of the surrounding land.
Under preferential treatment the total assessed value of agricultural land would not be lower than the 1967 level. Farm land qualifying for preferential treatment would have lower per acre taxes.
Promise to Pay Debt, Benedict Havens to Albert Bennet, August 28, 1833
Creators: name: Havens, Benedict
name: Bennet, Albert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1833
Subjects: Edwards Family
Paying bills
Contracts
Debt

description: This is a contract, promise to pay a debt of $16.75, written by Benedict Havens to Albert Bennet on August 28, 1833. This item is part of the Isaac Edwards Deed Collection, donated by Bess Rattray in December 2020.
Cooperation in the snowdrift game on directed small-world networks under self-questioning and noisy conditions
Creators: name: Qiu, Tian
name: Hadzibeganovic, Tarik
name: Chen, Guang
name: Zhong, Li-Xin
name: Wu, Xiao-Run
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Cooperation in the evolutionary snowdrift game with a self-questioning updating mechanism is studied on annealed and quenched small-world networks with directed couplings. Around the payoff parameter value $r=0.5$, we find a size-invariant symmetrical cooperation effect. While generally suppressing cooperation for $r>0.5$ payoffs, rewired networks facilitated cooperative behavior for $r<0.5$. Fair amounts of noise were found to break the observed symmetry and further weaken cooperation at relatively large values of $r$. However, in the absence of noise, the self-questioning mechanism recovers symmetrical behavior and elevates altruism even under large-reward conditions. Our results suggest that an updating mechanism of this type is necessary to stabilize cooperation in a spatially structured environment which is otherwise detrimental to cooperative behavior, especially at high cost-to-benefit ratios. Additionally, we employ component and local stability analyses to better understand the nature of the manifested dynamics.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table
Hadronization effects in event shape moments
Creators: name: Gehrmann, T.
name: Jaquier, M.
name: Luisoni, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the moments of hadronic event shapes in $e^+e^-$ annihilation within the context of next-to-next-to-leading order (NNLO) perturbative QCD predictions combined with non-perturbative power corrections in the dispersive model. This model is extended to match upon the NNLO perturbative prediction. The resulting theoretical expression has been compared to experimental data from JADE and OPAL, and a new value for $α_s(M_Z)$ has been determined, as well as of the average coupling $α_0$ in the non-perturbative region below $μ_I=2$ GeV within the dispersive model: α_s(M_Z)&=0.1153\pm0.0017(\mathrm{exp})\pm0.0023(\mathrm{th}),α_0&=0.5132\pm0.0115(\mathrm{exp})\pm0.0381(\mathrm{th}), The precision of the $α_s(M_Z)$ value has been improved in comparison to the previously available next-to-leading order analysis. We observe that the resulting power corrections are considerably larger than those estimated from hadronization models in multi-purpose event generator programs.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, 15 tables. Few minor changes. Version accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C.
title: Three Decades of the National Labor Relations Board in the State of Utah
Creators: name: Ellett, Rulon Sheldon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: This study presents an index and qualitative analysis of the operations of the National Labor Relations Board in the State of Utah. The period of time under consideration is 1935 to 1965. The major source of information is the first 153 volumes of the Decisions and Orders of the National Labor Relations Board.
The thesis is broken down into four parts. The first covers the evolution of the National Labor Relations Board. It outlines changes in the operations of the board as it developed up to 1964.
The second part is an analysis of the influence exercised by the Board over employers in the conduct of their Labor-Management Relations in Utah as governed by the Wagner Act.
The third section provides an outline of the Board's operations in administering the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947, and the amendments added by the passage of the Landrum-Griffin Act of 1959. This is primarily an analysis of the decisions and orders issued by the Board to both employers and union representatives in Utah.
The fourth section is broken down into two parts: Charges filed with the Board alleging unfair labor practices; and petitions filed with the Board requesting representation elections. No attempt has been made to analyze the representation hearings.
title: An Economic Analysis of Sprinkling for Bloom Delay and Freeze Protection of Apples in Farmington, Utah
Creators: name: Anderson, Jay Val
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The major purpose of this study is to analyze the economic feasibility of bloom delay by sprinkling as a means of protecting delicious apples from frost. The framework of this study is based on decision making theory under uncertainty. It demonstrates the usefulness of the Bayesian approach to determine optimum action to take in face of uncertain climatic conditions. The economic analysis was conducted for Farmington, Utah, where significant relationships were found between the end of winter rest (end of chill-unit accumulation) and time of full bloom of red delicious apples.
A posteriori probabilities for the state of nature were determined using accumulated data of end of winter rest of the apple trees. Applying the Bayesian approach, optimal strategies were determined by use of a posteriori probabilities and knowledge of time of end of winter rest.
It was concluded from the analysis that the installation of solid set sprinklers and use of sprinkling to delay bloom is an effective means of frost protection. Sprinkling provides two methods of freeze protection. Bud development can be delayed increasing the hardiness of the bud to colder temperatures. Sprinkling can also be used during periods of freezing temperatures to protect the buds from freezing. It was found that a combination of protection by delay and by sprinkling for freeze protection would result in increased net returns over any other alternative. An important finding of this study is that with the dual protection afforded by sprinkling, extended amounts of delay are not necessary to obtain the desired results.
title: Import Demand for Wheat: Japanese and Selected EEC Markets
Creators: name: Fakhrai, Enayatollah
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1978

description: The growing importance of trade internationally as well as for the United States (U.S.) spawned a body of literature concerning import demand, export supply, and trade balance. Most of the empirical work to date has employed estimates of commodity import demand functions derived from traditional linear and log-linear functional forms. These specifications of import demand impose separability restrictions on the consumer's choice between domestic and foreign goods, in addition to confining import demand elasticities to constant values. The policy recommendations made on the basis of the import demand elasticities derived from these traditional models may be misleading. In this study, a more flexible model of import demand is employed. The model allows a more flexible characterization of the underlying preference structure for both domestic and imported commodities. Import demand functions are then derived from the underlying model which possess the properties of the flexible characterization of consumer preference. Wheat import data by major source of supply to selected EEC countries and Japan are used to estimate the parameters of the derived wheat import demand relationships.
The results of the estimation and tests suggest that the use of the traditional restricted model may be suspect even though such models are easily used in the analysis of trade policy. The traditional model was rejected by use of a likelihood ratio test of model specifications for all import demand functions for the selected importing countries analyzed. This suggests that the associated import demand and income elasticities are not constant but variable (derived from each data point) in contrast to previous assumptions regarding the behavior or import demand and associated elasticities. The compensated own-price elasticities of import demand for U.S. wheat in the Netherlands and Japan were found to be generally inelastic, close to unitary elastic in the United Kingdom (U.K.), and elastic in the Italian market during the time period studied. These estimated elasticities were then used to analyze the impacts of selected trade policies such as export subsidies and taxes, tariff reductions and threshold price systems, quotas and price stabilization.
title: System Identification of a Small Low-Cost Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Using Flight Data from Low-Cost Sensors
Creators: name: Hoffer, Nathan V.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: Remote sensing has traditionally been done with satellites and manned aircraft. While these methods can yield useful scientific data, satellites and manned aircraft have limitations in data frequency, process time, and real time re-tasking. Small low-cost unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) provide greater possibilities for personal scientific research than traditional remote sensing platforms. Precision aerial data requires an accurate vehicle dynamics model for controller development, robust flight characteristics, and fault tolerance. One method of developing a model is system identification (system ID). In this thesis system ID of a small low-cost fixed-wing T-tail UAV is conducted. The linerized longitudinal equations of motion are derived from first principles. Foundations of Recursive Least Squares (RLS) are presented along with RLS with an Error Filtering Online Learning scheme (EFOL). Sensors, data collection, data consistency checking, and data processing are described. Batch least squares (BLS) and BLS with EFOL are used to identify aerodynamic coefficients of the UAV. Results of these two methods with flight data are discussed.
title: Binding Interactions of (R)- and (S)-hydroxypropyl-CoM Dehydrogenases and the Zinc Knuckle Proteins Air1 and Air2
Creators: name: Bakelar, Jeremy W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This work is focused on understanding protein function by describing how paralogous proteins with overlapping and distinct functions interact with their substrates and with other proteins. Two model systems are the subject of this research: (1) the stereospecific dehydrogenases R- and S-HPCDH, and (2) the zinc knuckle proteins Air1 and Air2.
R- and S-HPCDH are homologous enzymes that are central to the metabolism of propylene and epoxide in the soil bacterium Xanthobacter autotrophicus. The bacterium produces R- and S-HPCDH simultaneously to facilitate transformation of R- and S-enantiomers of epoxypropane to a common achiral product 2-ketopropyl-CoM (2-KPC). Both R- and S-HPCDH are highly stereospecific for their respective substrates as each enzyme displays less than 0.5% activity with the opposite substrate isomer. Presented here are substrate-bound x-ray crystal structures of S-HPCDH. Comparisons to the previously reported product-bound structure of R-HPCDH reveal structural differences that provide each enzyme with a distinct substrate binding pocket. These structures demonstrate how chiral discrimination by R- and S-HPCDH results from alternative binding of the distal end of substrates within each substrate binding pocket, providing a structural basis for stereospecificity displayed by R- and S-HPCDH.
Air1 and Air2 are homologous eukaryotic proteins that individually function within a trimeric protein complex called TRAMP. In the nucleus, TRAMP participates in RNA surveillance, processing, and turnover by stimulating the 3’-5’ exonucleolytic degradation of targeted RNAs by the nuclear exosome. Previous studies have indicated that within TRAMP Air1 and Air2 provide crucial protein-protein interactions that link the individual subunits of the complex. However, the mechanistic details of these protein-protein interactions are poorly understood. The work in this dissertation has characterized a previously unknown binding interface between Air2 and another TRAMP component, the helicase Mtr4. This interaction may explain how helicase activity is modulated in TRAMP. In addition to TRAMP protein interactions, preliminary studies have identified a small region of Air1 that is required for modulating the activity of a protein that is not found in TRAMP, the methyltransferase Hmt1. Collectively, these studies provide important characterization of Air1 and Air2 protein-binding interactions, and establish a foundation for future research efforts aimed at exploring Air protein function.
Solar system tests of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity
Creators: name: Harko, Tiberiu
name: Kovács, Zoltan
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a renormalizable gravity theory with higher spatial derivatives in four dimensions was proposed by Hořava. The theory reduces to Einstein gravity with a non-vanishing cosmological constant in IR, but it has improved UV behaviors. The spherically symmetric black hole solutions for an arbitrary cosmological constant, which represent the generalization of the standard Schwarzschild-(A)dS solution, has also been obtained for the Hořava-Lifshitz theory. The exact asymptotically flat Schwarzschild type solution of the gravitational field equations in Hořava gravity contains a quadratic increasing term, as well as the square root of a fourth order polynomial in the radial coordinate, and it depends on one arbitrary integration constant. The IR modified Hořava gravity seems to be consistent with the current observational data, but in order to test its viability more observational constraints are necessary. In the present paper we consider the possibility of observationally testing Hořava gravity at the scale of the Solar System, by considering the classical tests of general relativity (perihelion precession of the planet Mercury, deflection of light by the Sun and the radar echo delay) for the spherically symmetric black hole solution of Hořava-Lifshitz gravity. All these gravitational effects can be fully explained in the framework of the vacuum solution of the gravity. Moreover, the study of the classical general relativistic tests also constrain the free parameter of the solution.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. V2: minor changes; accepted for publication in Proceedings of the Royal Society A
title: Successful Paths to Becoming a Lean Organization in the Construction Industry
Creators: name: Warcup, Robert D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Lean construction is considered a valuable solution for the declining productivity of the construction industry. This study seeks to answer the general research question: What does it take to become lean? The research explored the possible paths to becoming lean by examining the journeys of three successful lean construction firms in the U.S. The results are intended to assist other construction firms with their own transformations. This study is especially useful to executives and management because it describes the cultural transformation process of each participating company, the expectations of company employees, and the best practices that each company employed.
A qualitative, multiple-case study methodology was used to find common patterns among all three firms as well as unique attributes. Eight research themes shaped the interview dialog that probed the participants’ experiences and insights regarding lean— from the companies’ initial discovery of lean to their implementation of tools and trainings. The themes further prompted responses regarding the roles that were critical to successful lean implementation as well as the barriers that inhibited lean adoption. Finally, interviews also sought out strategies to successfully promote and implement lean into the future.
The research discusses the assertions and conclusions that emerged from the findings, which identify several successful paths to becoming lean. Findings show how people, the environment, and actions positively or negatively influence the adoption of a lean culture. The study concludes with recommendations for future firms regarding lean planning to transform the organization into a successful, top-performing, lean construction company. It emphasizes personalized application for each employee to create a positive environment for the new culture to develop. The conclusions also include five phases of lean saturation: discovery and learning, commitment, strategic planning, implementation, and training company partners in lean.
Space and Sexuality in the Post-Victorian Fiction of Sarah Waters
Creators: name: Hall, DM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis analyses the work of British writer Sarah Waters, focussing on the inseparability of spatiality and the expression of sexuality in her novels. Since 1998, Waters has published three books set in the mid-to-late Victorian era, featuring lesbian protagonists: Tipping the Velvet, Affinity and Fingersmith. All three novels are examples of lesbian fiction, but they are also arguably works of historiographic metafiction and post-Victorian novels. They have been critically and popularly acclaimed, added to university reading lists and adapted for television. There has thus far been a small amount of scholarship in response to Waters' novels, primarily concerned with generic classification and lesbian identity. The entwined discourses of space and sexuality form the theoretical basis of this discussion. There is a large body of academic work on this subject, by cultural theorists such as Michel Foucault, Eve Kosofsky Sedgwick and Mark Wigley as well as geographers such as Tim Creswell. Previous studies of Waters' work have made little use of theories of space and sexuality, despite their relevance to her novels. I draw upon these theories in my analyses of Tipping the Velvet, Affinity and Fingersmith, exploring the way in which the historically transgressive sexualities of Waters'heroines are constructed spatially, via the characters' movement (or lack thereof) through confining interiors. Chapter One looks at the ways in which theatrical and performative transgressions affect sexual expression in Waters' first novel, Tipping the Velvet. Sites of performance, or stages, are not only located in theatres in this text, but are present everywhere: on the streets and in the homes of both the rich and poor. Upon these numerous and diverse stages Nancy Astley, the protagonist of the novel, reveals the inherent performativity of gender and sexuality through cross-dressing and impersonation. The second chapter shows the way sexual identities are confined within both the private sphere and the prison in Affinity. The desires of the protagonists can be articulated only through spiritual or ghostly transgressions, which are simultaneously arousing and frightening. The third chapter focuses on domestic spaces and madness in Fingersmith. Waters draws on Victorian notions of hysteria and female sexuality in this novel, re-appropriating them for her own purposes. This thesis concludes that Waters re-presents Victorian sexuality through the spaces in which it was enclosed.
Cross cultural study of drinking patterns in three ethnic groups : Coast Salish Indians of the Mission Researve, immigrant Italians and Anglo-Saxons of East Vancouver
Creators: name: Buckley, Patricia Lorraine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Amongst the important social problems today in both rural and urban areas, is the condition of inebriety. Although considerable research has been conducted on the condition of alcoholism, little has been undertaken on the condition of inebriety. It is an observable fact that, while members of some ethnic groups who drink substantially and frequently become inebriated, members of other ethnic groups who also partake of alcoholic beverages in substantial quantities do not experience inebriety. This suggests that the culture of the ethnic group determines the group's drinking patterns to a large measure, and that drinking patterns may be such that they lead participants to the condition of inebriety. In this thesis, I have attempted to examine drinking patterns of three ethnic groups in relation to several aspects of their cultural background. I devised and tested five hypotheses which are relevant to attitudes towards drinking, reasons for drinking, settings and times of the day in which drinking occurs. I have attempted also to examine Indian and Italian drinking patterns to determine to what extent each group matches or differs from Anglo-Saxon drinking patterns. The study was made on a comparative basis, and field work was conducted amongst three ethnic groups in the Greater Vancouver area during the summer, fall and winter, 1967-1968. The three groups are the Coast Salish Indians of the Mission Reserve, Immigrant Italians and Anglo-Saxons of East Vancouver. Data on the problem briefly outlined above, were sought through interviews with thirty representatives of each group, as well as by observations of members of the ethnic groups in their social drinking establishments. Two key informants in each ethnic group, as well as several pertinent documentary sources, were also consulted. The available data collected in the study suggested that the proposed hypotheses were valid. There appears to be a close relationship between the cultural background of an ethnic group and its drinking patterns. However, it needs to be stated that there were many inadequacies and limitations in the reference literature used, basic premises and hypotheses proposed, and research techniques employed. Data also suggested that there was a high degree of similarity between Anglo-Saxon and Indian drinking patterns and a high degree of difference between Anglo-Saxon and Italian drinking patterns. Additional and enlightening information which the data suggested was that many of the cultural aspects of the Indian group, particularly, are in a marked stage of transition.
Motional effects on the efficiency of excitation transfer
Creators: name: Asadian, Ali
name: Tiersch, Markus
name: Guerreschi, Gian Giacomo
name: Cai, Jianming
name: Popescu, Sandu
name: Briegel, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy transfer plays a vital role in many natural and technological processes. In this work, we study the effects of mechanical motion on the excitation transfer through a chain of interacting molecules with application to biological scenarios of transfer processes. Our investigation demonstrates that, for various types of mechanical oscillations, the transfer efficiency is significantly enhanced over that of comparable static configurations. This enhancement is a genuine quantum signature, and requires the collaborative interplay between the quantum-coherent evolution of the excitation and the mechanical motion of the molecules; it has no analogue in the classical incoherent energy transfer. This effect may not only occur naturally, but it could be exploited in artificially designed systems to optimize transport processes. As an application, we discuss a simple and hence robust control technique.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures; completely revised; version accepted for publication
Assessment and management of inherent and dynamic soil properties for intensive agriculture in the North Island, New Zealand and Tasmania, Australia
Creators: name: Cotching, WE
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The primary aim of the research reviewed in this thesis has been to provide information required by land managers on inherent and dynamic soil properties for sustainable intensive agriculture. A soil survey in the Te Puke district, New Zealand, found the soils to be young with the majority having a layer of tephra in their profiles which gives rise to low overall nutrient status and free draining properties. Soils in north west Tasmania were found to be predominantly Red Ferrosols formed on basalt. The Ferrosols are characteristically strongly structured, strongly acid and have high organic carbon contents. The Ferrosols surveyed were being managed at their optimum land capability or better, with little evidence of soil degradation. The importance of taking a morphological approach to the studies of soil health is illustrated by comparing data from similar paddock histories across the soil orders studied. The differences in physical properties and soil carbon contents between soil orders were pronounced. The measured effects of cropping on soils varied depending on inherent differences between the soils studied. Soil carbon levels were found to be falling with increased years of cropping on all soils studied. Strong correlations were found between soil carbon and a range of soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Target levels of soil carbon are suggested for cropping systems, which can be used as an indicator of sustainability. The soil properties and paddock variables found to be significantly correlated with crop yield varied, depending on crop and soil type. Two easily applied measures of soil structure were correlated to crop production on heavier textured soils. Research into the off-site effects of agriculture in north west Tasmania found that there were high levels of water turbidity caused by soil erosion from cropped paddocks and high levels of nutrients emanating from dairy pastures on drained lowland areas. There has been a positive change in farmer perceptions and soil management practices over a ten-year period in north west Tasmania. Several information brochures have been published for farmers to assess and manage their soils for sustainable production. The research undertaken and reviewed here has produced information on inherent and dynamic soil properties required by farmers for sustainable intensive agriculture. The work has played a major role in the understanding of how soil management has an impact both on and off site and in influencing soil management on farms in both Tasmania and the Bay of Plenty, New Zealand.
Spatial Patterns and the Socioeconomic Determinants of COVID-19 Infections in Ottawa, Canada.
Creators: name: Laadhar, Brahim
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: COVID-19
Spatial autocorrelation
Regression Analysis
Ottawa
Hot Spot Analysis
Random Forest

description: This study uncovered the pattern and spatial relationships between socio-economic factors and aggregated COVID-19 rates in Ottawa, Canada, from July 2020 to December 2021 at the neighbourhood scale. Both top-down and bottom-up data mining approaches were used to predict COVID-19 rates. The top-down approach employed ordinary least squares regression (OLS), spatial error model (SEM), geographically weighted regression (GWR) and multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR). Model intercomparison was also undertaken. The pattern of COVID-19 in Ottawa exhibited a significant moderately positive spatial structure among neighbourhoods (Moran's I = 0.39; p = 0.0001). Local Moran's analysis identified areas of low and high COVID-19 clustering, interspersed with cold spots. The OLS model used determinants based on a literature review. Determinants were tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilks test with those that failed the test had transformatoins to normality applied. Next, an OLS-based backward stepwise approach was used to select the optimal set of determinants based on goodness of fit, selecting the model with the lowest Akaike Information Criterion (AIC). The percentage of people who take public transit to work, percentage of people with no high school diploma, percentage of people over 65 years old, and percentage of people with a Bachelor level degree or above comprised the final set of determinants. A SEM model was created to account for residual spatial autocorrelation in the OLS model's residuals and yielded an adjusted R² = 0.63. Based on the SEM, a one-unit increase in the square root of the percentage of people with a bachelor's degree or above was associated with a 3.2% increase in COVID-19 rates, while the same unit increase in the square root of the percentage of people with no high school diploma was associated with a 10.6% increase in COVID-19 rates. Conversely, a one percent increase in the percentage of people aged 65 and older was linked to a 34.6% decrease in COVID-19 rates. To examine local variations in the relationships between the determinants and COVID-19, a MGWR with a Bisquare kernel and an adaptive bandwidth was used to improve upon the overall explained variance of the SEM model. The residuals of the MGWR model exhibited no significant spatial autocorrelation (Moran's I = -0.04; p = 0.62) and residuals were approximately normal (W = 0.98; p > 0.25). The MGWR model yielded an adjusted R² = 0.75. Taking a data mining and bottom-up approach, an optimized Random Forest model provided a very different set of determinants as important when compared to the top-down regression approaches and accounted for 47.34% of the COVID-19 variance.
Log canonical singularities are Du Bois
Creators: name: Kollár, János
name: Kovács, Sándor J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J17,14B07,14E30,14D99

description: A recurring difficulty in the Minimal Model Program is that while log terminal singularities are quite well behaved (for instance, they are rational), log canonical singularities are much more complicated; they need not even be Cohen-Macaulay. The aim of this paper is to prove that log canonical singularities are Du Bois. The concept of Du Bois singularities, introduced by Steenbrink, is a weakening of rationality. We also prove flatness of the cohomology sheaves of the relative dualizing complex of a projective family with Du Bois fibers. This implies that each connected component of the moduli space of stable log varieties parametrizes either only Cohen-Macaulay or only non-Cohen-Macaulay objects.
description: An error discovered in the statement and proof of Theorem 1.7 is corrected. Note that this change does not effect the rest of the article. Final version to appear in the Journal of the AMS
title: Electrokinetic Flow in a Nanochannel with an Overlapped Electrical Double Layer
Creators: name: Song, Zhuorui
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Electrokinetic flows within an overlapped Electrical Double Layer (EDL), which are not well-understood, were theoretically investigated in this study with the particular attention on the consideration of hydronium ions in the EDL. Theoretical models for fully-developed steady pressure-driven flow for salt-free water or a binary salt solution in a slit-like nanochannel connecting to two reservoirs were developed. The transient flow in such a domain was also simulated from static state to the final steady state. In these models, the Poisson equation and the Nernst-Planck equation were solved either by analytic methods or by the finite element method. Surface adsorption-desorption equilibrium and water equilibrium were considered to account for the proton exchange at the surface and in the fluid. These models were the first to include those comprehensive processes that are uniquely important for overlapped EDL scenarios.
This study improves the understanding of electrokinetic flows within an overlapped EDL by demonstrating the profound impact of hydronium ions on the EDL structure. In the steady flow of potassium chloride solutions, hydronium ions are more enriched than potassium ions by up to 2~3 orders of magnitude, making the electrokinetic effects greatly depressed. The unequal enrichment effects of counterions were omitted in the traditional theory partially because the transient is extremely slow. The simulation results show that a concentration hump of hydronium ions initially forming at the channel entrance gradually expands over the whole channel in a way similar to the concentration plug flow moving downstream. The time required for the flow to reach the steady state could be as long as thousands of times the hydraulic retention time, dependent on the degree of the EDL overlap. This study improves the fundamental understanding for nanofluidic flows.
Environmental Cheminformatics: Case study of Thirdhand Smoke in House Dust
Creators: name: Schymanski, Emma L
name: Torres, Sonia
name: Ramirez, Noelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: thirdhand smoke
non-target screening
environmental metabolomics

description: Environmental Cheminformatics: Case Study of Thirdhand Smoke in House Dust Keynote: https://rfmf-mpf-2020.sciencesconf.org/ Emma L. SCHYMANSKI1; Sonia TORRES2; Noelia RAMIREZ2 1 Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg 2 University Rovira y Virgili, Tarragona, Spain Introduction The environment and the chemicals to which we are exposed is incredibly complex. Household dust samples contain a summary of household exposure to various chemicals, suitable for exploration using high resolution mass spectrometry (HR-MS). Target and non-target HR-MS analysis for third hand smoke (THS) was performed on 75 dust samples (33 smoker, 42 non-smoker households) in Tarragona, Spain, focusing on tobacco-specific nitrosamines, which have been associated with higher health risk [1]. Technological and methodological innovation Primarily open access/source metabolomics and environmental workflows for HR-MS data analysis were used to interrogate the non-target data. A list of substances in THS was compiled for suspect screening, while an XCMS-based [2] workflow was used to prioritize non-target features of interest that were significantly different between smoker and non-smoker samples. Data was extracted using RMassBank [3], features were annotated using MassBank and MetFrag [4], searching in PubChem and CompTox. Results and impact This case study will be used to demonstrate the potential (pros and cons) of various environmental cheminformatics approaches to interpret non-target data, and highlight challenges still facing the field, such as limited coverage of mass spectral libraries [5]. A number of other European and world-wide initiatives will be covered to demonstrate the power of HR-MS and “environmental cheminformatics” to reveal information about the exposome and move to “near real-time” analysis. References [1] Ramírez N. et al. 2014. Environment International. 71, 139-147 [2] Smith, C.A. et al. 2006. Analytical Chemistry. 78, 779-787 [3] Stravs, M.A. et al. 2013. Journal of Mass Spectrometry. 48, 89-99 [4] Ruttkies, C. et al. 2016. Journal of Cheminformatics. 8, 3 [5] Frainay C. et al. 2018. Metabolites. 8, 51
An Improved DC Recovery Method from AC Coefficients of DCT-Transformed Images
Creators: name: Li, Shujun
name: Ahmad, Junaid Jameel
name: Saupe, Dietmar
name: Kuo, C. -C. Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.2; E.3

description: Motivated by the work of Uehara et al. [1], an improved method to recover DC coefficients from AC coefficients of DCT-transformed images is investigated in this work, which finds applications in cryptanalysis of selective multimedia encryption. The proposed under/over-flow rate minimization (FRM) method employs an optimization process to get a statistically more accurate estimation of unknown DC coefficients, thus achieving a better recovery performance. It was shown by experimental results based on 200 test images that the proposed DC recovery method significantly improves the quality of most recovered images in terms of the PSNR values and several state-of-the-art objective image quality assessment (IQA) metrics such as SSIM and MS-SSIM.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, ICIP 2010
title: Microbial-Derived Oils and Value-Added Products: Biosynthesis and Applications for Biofuel Production
Creators: name: McCurdy, Alex T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Efforts are being made to replace petroleum-derived fuels with biofuels in a cost competitive manner. It is apparent that the continued use of petroleum is futile as population and technological growth put increasing pressure on the demand for cheap energy and chemicals. Diminishing resources, civil unrest in the Middle East, and the impact of using petrochemicals on the environment are critical driving forces for research in generating renewable petroleum replacements that can be produced with a limited carbon-footprint. Today, biofuels are derived mostly from land-based plants, but their potential for displacing petroleum is limited due to the competition with available farmland used in food production as well as their relatively slow growth rates. Microorganisms as single-cell factories for the production of biofuels have a promising outlook since they do not compete with the food and feed supply and they lack the necessity of arable land used in cultivation. Viable biofuel production hinges upon obtaining sufficient biofuel yields, lowering the costs of processing, production of value-added products, and real-life evaluation of the produced fuels.
Herein, the current understanding of microbial biochemistry as well as new findings in the role of ATP citrate lyase in lipid accumulation in oleaginous yeasts will be discussed. Also, description of a novel two-step process that generates biodiesel blends from oleaginous microbes will be given. To facilitate the viability of microbial biofuel production, concomitant production of heterologous lactoferrin using Kluyveromyces lactis will be described. Lastly, the real-life evaluation of these microbial biofuels in a diesel engine is reported. The focus of this dissertation will be directed towards addressing the issues related to microbial biofuel production in order to facilitate the viability of biofuel production such that petroleum use can be displaced by more renewable and clean methodologies.
PROMOÇÃO DO BEM-ESTAR NA COMUNIDADE ACADÊMICA DA UEFS ATRAVÉS DA OFERTA DE MASSOTERAPIA
Creators: name: Tesildo, Mascarenhas Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Introdução: A massoterapia possibilita efeitos positivos nas funções psicológicas e  fisiológicas do indivíduo, promovendo benefícios como alívio de tensões musculares,  relaxamento corporal, bem-estar mental, redução do estresse e ansiedade, combate à insônia  e depressão, melhora da circulação sanguínea e eliminação de toxinas do organismo. O objetivo do trabalho foi ofertar massagem para a comunidade acadêmica incentivando a prática do autocuidado.