cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analytic eigenenergies of the Dirac equation with finite degrees of freedom under a confining linear potential using basis functions localized in spacetime
Creators: name: Fukushima, Kimichika
name: Sato, Hikaru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the propagation of fields in the spacetime continuum and the well-defined features of fields with finite degrees of freedom, the wave function is expanded in terms of a finite set of basis functions localized in spacetime. This paper presents the analytic eigenenergies derived for a confined fundamental fermion-antifermion pair under a linear potential obtained from the Wilson loop for the non-Abelian Yang-Mills field. The Hamiltonian matrix of the Dirac equation is analytically diagonalized using basis functions localized in spacetime. The squared lowest eigenenergy (as a function of the relativistic quantum number when the rotational energy is large compared to the composite particle masses) is proportional to the string tension and the absolute value of the Dirac's relativistic quantum number related to the total angular momentum, consistent with the expectation.
description: v1: 6 pages; v2: grammar/spell corrected; some words added below last eq.; v3: title slightly modified; descriptions inserted; typos corrected; v4: Sec. 1 revised; Sec. 3 divided; Subsec. 3.2 inserted; typos corrected; v5: 8 pages; some descriptions modified in Abstract, Sections 1, 3 and 4; Subsec. 3.3 deleted; v6: a word replaced in Sec. 1; typos corrected; to appear in Bulg J Phys
Growth Hormone Treatment Does Not Affect Incidences of Middle Ear Disease or Hearing Loss in Infants and Toddlers with Turner Syndrome
Creators: name: Davenport, Marsha L.
name: Fechner, Patricia Y.
name: Liu, Chunhua
name: Travers, Sharon
name: Eugster, Erica
name: Quigley, Charmian A.
name: Roush, Jackson
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: No randomized, controlled, prospective study has evaluated the effect of growth hormone (GH) on the rates of middle ear (ME) disease and hearing loss in girls with Turner syndrome (TS).
Relaxation dynamics in amorphous alloys under asymmetric cyclic shear deformation
Creators: name: Jana, Pritam Kumar
name: Priezjev, Nikolai V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The influence of cyclic loading and glass stability on structural relaxation and yielding transition in amorphous alloys was investigated using molecular dynamics simulations. We considered a binary mixture cooled deep into the glass phase and subjected to cyclic shear deformation where strain varies periodically but remains positive. We found that rapidly cooled glasses under asymmetric cyclic shear gradually evolve towards states with lower potential energy and finite stress at zero strain. At the strain amplitude just below a critical value, the rescaled distributions of nonaffine displacements converge to a power-law decay with an exponent of about -2 upon increasing number of cycles. By contrast, more stable glasses yield at lower strain amplitudes, and the yielding transition can be delayed for hundreds of cycles when the strain amplitude is near a critical value. These results can be useful for the design of novel thermo-mechanical processing methods to improve mechanical and physical properties of metallic glasses.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures
Relationship between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Adipokines in Adolescents
Creators: name: Harrell, Joanne S.
name: McMurray, Robert G.
name: Rubin, Daniela A.
name: Hackney, Anthony C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: This study evaluated the associations of adipokines with cardiovascular risk factors.
On Evaluating Self-Adaptive and Self-Healing Systems using Chaos Engineering
Creators: name: Naqvi, Moeen Ali
name: Malik, Sehrish
name: Astekin, Merve
name: Moonen, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing adoption of self-adaptive systems in various domains, there is an increasing need for strategies to assess their correct behavior. In particular self-healing systems, which aim to provide resilience and fault-tolerance, often deal with unanticipated failures in critical and highly dynamic environments. Their reactive and complex behavior makes it challenging to assess if these systems execute according to the desired goals. Recently, several studies have expressed concern about the lack of systematic evaluation methods for self-healing behavior. In this paper, we propose CHESS, an approach for the systematic evaluation of self-adaptive and self-healing systems that builds on chaos engineering. Chaos engineering is a methodology for subjecting a system to unexpected conditions and scenarios. It has shown great promise in helping developers build resilient microservice architectures and cyber-physical systems. CHESS turns this idea around by using chaos engineering to evaluate how well a self-healing system can withstand such perturbations. We investigate the viability of this approach through an exploratory study on a self-healing smart office environment. The study helps us explore the promises and limitations of the approach, as well as identify directions where additional work is needed. We conclude with a summary of lessons learned.
description: 10 pages
Mixing of fermions and spectral representation of propagator
Creators: name: Kaloshin, A. E.
name: Lomov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the spectral representation of propagator for $n$ mixing fermion fields in the case of $\mathsf{P}$-parity violation. The approach based on the eigenvalue problem for inverse matrix propagator makes possible to build the system of orthogonal projectors and to represent the matrix propagator as a sum of poles with positive and negative energies. The procedure of multiplicative renormalization in terms of spectral representation is investigated and the renormalization matrices are obtained in a closed form without the use of perturbation theory. Since in theory with $\mathsf{P}$-parity violation the standard spin projectors do not commute with the dressed propagator, they should be modified. The developed approach allows us to build the modified (dressed) spin projectors for a single fermion and for a system of fermions.
description: 22 pages, this is refreshed and extended version
An excited atom interacting with a Chern insulator: towards a far-field resonant Casimir-Polder repulsion
Creators: name: Lu, Bing-Sui
name: Arifa, Khatee Zathul
name: Ducloy, Martial
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the resonant Casimir-Polder interaction of an excited alkali-type atom which has a single (electric dipole) transition with a Chern insulator. The Chern insulator has a nonzero, time reversal symmetry breaking Hall conductance, leading to an additional contribution to the resonant Casimir-Polder interaction which depends on the coupling between the Hall conductance and the circular polarization state of the atomic transition. We find that the resonant Casimir-Polder shift can be significantly enhanced for de-excitation frequencies near values associated with the van Hove singularities of the Chern insulator. Furthermore, we find that the resonant Casimir-Polder force can become monotonically decaying and repulsive for a relatively large atom-surface distance, if the atomic dipole transition is right circularly polarized and the Chern number of the Chern insulator is $-1$ or the atomic dipole transition is left circularly polarized and the Chern number is $1$.
description: Accepted by The European Physical Journal D. 20 pages, 13 figures, 5 appendices (1 new)
Filling the gaps between model predictions and their prerequisites in electric dipole moments
Creators: name: Fukuyama, T.
name: Asahi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We clarify the conditions or assumptions under which theoretical predictions of various models beyond the standard model give mainly in electric dipole moments. The correct interpretation of those conditions seems to be indispensable to the refinements of model building as well as to the mutual reliance in experimental and theoritical communities. The connections of these analyses to the recent experimental results at the LHC and the other places are also discussed.
description: 19pages 5 figures Title is changed. One figure and several references are added
Peripherally administered non-peptide oxytocin antagonist, L368,899®, accumulates in limbic brain areas: A new pharmacological tool for the study of social motivation in non-human primates
Creators: name: Pedersen, Cort A.
name: Boccia, Maria L.
name: Goursaud, Anne-Pierre S.
name: Bachevalier, Jocelyne
name: Anderson, Kenneth D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Central administration of oxytocin (OT) antagonists inhibits maternal and sexual behavior in non-primates, providing the strongest experimental evidence that endogenous OT facilitates these behaviors. While there have been a few reports that ICV administration of OT increases social behaviors in monkeys, no studies to date have assessed the effects of OT antagonists. Therefore, we studied in rhesus monkeys whether L368,899®, a non-peptide antagonist produced by Merck that selectively blocks the human uterine OT receptor, penetrates the CNS after peripheral administration and alters female maternal and sexual behavior. In two studies in four male monkeys, L368,899 was injected iv (1 mg/kg) after which (1) CSF samples were collected at intervals over 4 h and (2) brains were collected at 60 min. Assay of samples confirmed that iv-administered L368,899 entered CSF and accumulated in the hypothalamus, septum, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala and hippocampus, but not other areas. An adult female monkey was tested for interest in either an infant or sexual behavior, receiving a different iv treatment prior to each test (1 or 3 mg/kg of L368,899 or saline) OT antagonist treatment reduced or eliminated interest in the infant and sexual behavior. These results, although preliminary, are the first to directly implicate endogenous OT in activation of primate maternal interest and sexual behavior. While it remains to be empirically demonstrated that peripherally administered L368,899 blocks central OT receptors, our behavioral findings suggest that this non-peptide antagonist may facilitate testing OT involvement in a variety of social and other behaviors in primates.
title: Εφαρμόζεται η Νέα Δημόσια Διοίκηση στον ελληνικό δημόσιο τομέα; Ανάλυση και μελέτης εφαρμογής του νέου μοντέλου διοίκησης
title: Is New Public Management applied to the greek public sector? Application analysis and study of the new management model
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Νασόπουλος, Παντελεήμων
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: New Public Management
Νέα Δημόσια Διοίκηση
Δημόσιος τομέας
Ελληνική δημόσια διοίκηση

description: Σε μία εποχή, η οποία χαρακτηρίζεται από την δυναμική είσοδο, ενσωμάτωση και χρήση νέων μεθόδων, τεχνολογιών, αντιλήψεων και σύγχρονων ιδεών στην καθημερινότητα του πολίτη του 21ου αιώνα, η ανάγκη για εξέλιξη και εκσυγχρονισμό του κράτους και της διοίκησης αυτού, είναι πιο επιτακτική από ποτέ. Η ιδέα για την δημιουργία μίας νέας, λειτουργικής, ευέλικτης και αποτελεσματικής δημόσιας διοίκησης, γεννάται λίγες δεκαετίες πριν, εμφανίζοντας ένα καινούριο μοντέλο δημόσιας διοίκησης, το οποίο αποκαλείται Νέα Δημόσια Διοίκηση (ΝΔΔ) ή άλλως Νέο Δημόσιο Μάνατζμεντ (ΝΔΜ / NPM). Το ΝΔΜ συνεπώς, αποτελεί ένα νέο μοντέλο διοίκησης, το οποίο αναγνωρίζοντας τις χρόνιες παθογένειες της δημόσιας διοίκησης, υιοθετεί πρακτικές και μεθόδους, οι οποίες έχουν αναπτυχθεί και εφαρμοστεί επιτυχώς στον ιδιωτικό τομέα και σε συνδυασμό με την ύπαρξη εξωτερικών ελεγκτικών μηχανισμών, αποσκοπεί στην αύξηση της απόδοσης και βελτίωση της ποιότητας των παρεχόμενων δημοσίων υπηρεσιών. Αναγνωρίζοντας την ανάγκη για εκσυγχρονισμό της ελληνικής δημόσιας διοίκησης, καθώς, σύμφωνα με τον Feathertone (2011) τις τελευταίες τρεις δεκαετίες στην Ελλάδα, ο δημόσιος τομέας κατηγορείται σοβαρά για γραφειοκρατία, κακοδιοίκηση και αναποτελεσματικότητα, η παρούσα εργασία αποσκοπεί να ερευνήσει κατά πόσο η νέα αναδυόμενη τάση των τελευταίων ετών στην κεντρική διοίκηση, έχει βρει πρόσφορο έδαφος υιοθέτησης και ενσωμάτωσης της όχι μόνο ως μεθοδολογία εργασίας, αλλά και ως κουλτούρα εν γένει από τους εργαζόμενους στον στενό και ευρύτερο δημόσιο τομέα. Επισημαίνεται, ότι θα δοθεί έμφαση στον στενό δημόσιο τομέα και δη στο Υπουργείο Μετανάστευσης και Ασύλου, μέρος των εργαζομένων του οποίου, αποτελεί το δείγμα της εν λόγω έρευνας. Μέσω του παρόντος πονήματος διερευνάται η εφαρμογή ή μη του ΝΔΜ στην Ελλάδα, καταδεικνύοντας την σημαντικότητα της αξιοποίησης κατά τον πιο αποτελεσματικό και αποδοτικό τρόπο τόσο του ανθρώπινου στελεχιακού δυναμικού που υπηρετεί στον δημόσιο τομέα, όσο και της διαθέσιμης υλικοτεχνικής υποδομής αυτού, με στόχο την μεγιστοποίηση και βελτιστοποίηση των παρεχόμενων υπηρεσιών.
Social closeness increases salivary progesterone in humans
Creators: name: Wirth, Michelle M.
name: Cohen, Michael D.
name: Fredrickson, Barbara L.
name: Brown, Stephanie L.
name: Poulin, Michael J.
name: Heaphy, Emily D.
name: Meier, Elizabeth A.
name: Schultheiss, Oliver C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We examined whether interpersonal closeness increases salivary progesterone. One hundred and sixty female college students (80 dyads) were randomly assigned to participate in either a closeness task with a partner versus a neutral task with a partner. Those exposed to the closeness induction had higher levels of progesterone relative to those exposed to the neutral task. Across conditions, progesterone increase one week later predicted the willingness to sacrifice for the partner. These results are discussed in terms of the links between social contact, stress, and health.
Measurement of the ratio B(B[0,s] to J/psi f0(980)) / B(B[0,s] to J/psi phi(1020)) in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the ratio of the branching fractions of the B[0,s] meson to J/psi f0(980) and to J/psi phi(1020) is presented. The J/psi, f0(980), and phi(1020) are observed through their decays to mu+ mu-, pi+ pi-, and K+ K-, respectively. The f0 is identified by requiring abs( M[pi+,pi-] - 974 MeV ) < 50 MeV. The analysis is based on a data sample of pp collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV, collected by the CMS experiment, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 5.3 inverse femtobarns. The measured ratio is B(B[0,s] to J/psi f0(980)) B(f0 to pi+ pi-) / B(B[0,s] to J/psi phi(1020)) B(phi(1020) to K+ K-) = 0.140 +/- 0.008 +/- 0.023, where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second is systematic.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Fundamentals of Stellar Parameters Estimation through CMD of Star Clusters: Open (NGC2360) and Globular (NGC 5272)
Creators: name: Kaur, Kanwar Preet
name: Joshi, Pankaj S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamentals of estimating essential stellar parameters of an open cluster-NGC 2360 and globular clusters-NGC 5272 are presented extensively in this work. Here, the evaluation of stellar parameters, by manually fitting the appropriate isochrones on the color magnitude diagrams (CMDs), of the selected star clusters is discussed comprehensively. Aperture photometry and PSF fitting photometry are conducted on g, r, and i standard band filter images of Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) using the aperture photometry tool (APT) to obtain the respective CMDs. Further, to achieve the stellar parameters, isochrone fitting is described in detail. This work on stellar parameters evaluation has attained the following results: age of NGC 2360 is found to be 708 Myrs with metallicity, [Fe/H], of -0.15, whereas NGC 5272 is having age of 11.56 Gyrs with metallicity, [Fe/H], of -1.57. Additionally, the interstellar reddening, E(B-V), and distance modulus, DM, for NGC 2360 are obtained as 0.12 and 11.65, respectively. While, for NGC 5272, the interstellar reddening is attained as E(B-V)=0.015, and the distance modulus is DM=15.1. The values of these stellar parameters are found to be in close approximation with the results provided in the literature based on the IRAF analysis technique. The distribution of radii, masses, and temperatures are included along with the initial mass function (IMF) for both the start clusters. Thus, this article would aid in providing insight into the evaluation of stellar parameters by the astronomical photometry analysis which would successively upsurge the understanding of our universe. It should be noted that the cleaning of cluster population on the CMDs from the foreground/background stars, clearing of spurious objects, error estimations and the membership determination are not carried out in this work and are considered as separate project for analysis.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, Journal: Bulgarian Astronomical Journal
Transport in serial spinful multiple-dot systems: The role of electron-electron interactions and coherences
Creators: name: Goldozian, Bahareh
name: Damtie, Fikeraddis A.
name: Kiršanskas, Gediminas
name: Wacker, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dots are nanoscopic systems, where carriers are confined in all three spatial directions. Such nanoscopic systems are suitable for fundamental studies of quantum mechanics and are candidates for applications such as quantum information processing. It was also proposed that linear arrangements of quantum dots could be used as quantum cascade laser. In this work we study the impact of electron-electron interactions on transport in a spinful serial triple quantum dot system weakly coupled to two leads. We find that due to electron-electron scattering processes the transport is enabled beyond the common single-particle transmission channels. This shows that the scenario in the serial quantum dots intrinsically deviates from layered structures such as quantum cascade lasers, where the presence of well-defined single-particle resonances between neighboring levels are crucial for device operation. Additionally, we check the validity of the Pauli master equation by comparing it with the first-order von Neumann approach. Here we demonstrate that coherences are of relevance if the energy spacing of the eigenstates is smaller than the lead transition rate multiplied by $\hbar$.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Song environment affects singing effort and vasotocin immunoreactivity in the forebrain of male Lincoln's sparrows
Creators: name: Dankoski, Elyse C.
name: Sockman, Keith W.
name: Sewall, Kendra B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Male songbirds often establish territories and attract mates by singing, and some song features can reflect the singer’s condition or quality. The quality of the song environment can change, so male songbirds should benefit from assessing the competitiveness of the song environment and appropriately adjusting their own singing behavior and the neural substrates by which song is controlled. In a wide range of taxa social modulation of behavior is partly mediated by the arginine vasopressin or vasotocin (AVP/AVT) systems. To examine the modulation of singing behavior in response to the quality of the song environment we compared the song output of laboratory-housed male Lincoln’s sparrows (Melospiza lincolnii) exposed to one week of chronic playback of songs categorized as either high or low quality, based on song length, complexity and trill performance. To explore the neural basis of any facultative shifts in behavior, we also quantified the subjects’ AVT immunoreactivity (AVT-IR) in three forebrain regions that regulate socio-sexual behavior: the medial bed nucleus of the stria terminalis (BSTm), the lateral septum (LS) and the preoptic area. We found that high quality songs increased singing effort and reduced AVT-IR in the BSTm and LS, relative to low quality songs. The effect of the quality of the song environment on both singing effort and forebrain AVT-IR raises the hypothesis that AVT within these brain regions plays a role in the modulation of behavior in response to competition that individual males may assess from the prevailing song environment.
Spherical wedge billiard: from chaos to fractals and Talbot carpets
Creators: name: Tyc, Tomáš
name: Cidlinský, Darek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the spherical wedge billiard, a dynamical system consisting of a particle moving along a geodesic on a closed non-Euclidean surface of a spherical wedge. We derive the analytic form of the corresponding Poincaré map and find very complex dynamics, ranging from completely chaotic to very regular, exhibiting fractal features. Further, we show that upon changing the billiard parameter, the fixed points of the Poincaré map merge in complex ways, which has origin in the spherical aberration of the billiard mapping. We also analyze in detail the regular regime when phase space diagram is closely related to Talbot carpets.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 3 supplemental videos and 1 supplemental PDF file
Dynamic temperature selection for parallel-tempering in Markov chain Monte Carlo simulations
Creators: name: Vousden, Will
name: Farr, Will M.
name: Mandel, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Modern problems in astronomical Bayesian inference require efficient methods for sampling from complex, high-dimensional, often multi-modal probability distributions. Most popular methods, such as Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling, perform poorly on strongly multi-modal probability distributions, rarely jumping between modes or settling on just one mode without finding others. Parallel tempering addresses this problem by sampling simultaneously with separate Markov chains from tempered versions of the target distribution with reduced contrast levels. Gaps between modes can be traversed at higher temperatures, while individual modes can be efficiently explored at lower temperatures. In this paper, we investigate how one might choose the ladder of temperatures to achieve more efficient sampling, as measured by the autocorrelation time of the sampler. In particular, we present a simple, easily-implemented algorithm for dynamically adapting the temperature configuration of a sampler while sampling. This algorithm dynamically adjusts the temperature spacing to achieve a uniform rate of exchanges between chains at neighbouring temperatures. We compare the algorithm to conventional geometric temperature configurations on a number of test distributions and on an astrophysical inference problem, reporting efficiency gains by a factor of 1.2-2.5 over a well-chosen geometric temperature configuration and by a factor of 1.5-5 over a poorly chosen configuration. On all of these problems a sampler using the dynamical adaptations to achieve uniform acceptance ratios between neighbouring chains outperforms one that does not.
description: 21 pages, 21 figures
2D:4D ratios in the first 2years of life: Stability and relation to testosterone exposure and sensitivity
Creators: name: Konneker, Thomas
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Woolson, Sandra
name: Knickmeyer, Rebecca C.
name: Hamer, Robert M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The relative lengths of the 2nd and 4th digits (2D:4D) may provide an easily measurable and stable anthropometric index of prenatal androgen exposure, but no study has examined the development of 2D:4D in infancy and the potential impact of neonatal testosterone levels. We collected 2D:4D ratios from 364 children between 0 and 2 years of age. Saliva samples were collected from 236 of these children 3 months after birth and analyzed for testosterone. In addition, 259 children provided DNA samples which were genotyped for the CAG repeat polymorphism in the androgen receptor. There was substantial variability across age in 2D:4D. Sex differences were small compared to adults and did not consistently reach statistical significance. This suggests that 2D:4D may not function well as a proxy measure of prenatal testosterone exposure in infancy. In addition, the interaction of salivary T and CAG repeats predicted right hand digit ratio at 12 months and left hand digit ratio at 12 months and 24 months in males. The interaction of salivary testosterone and CAG repeat length also predicted change in left hand 2D:4D from 2 weeks to 12 months in males. This suggests that 2D:4D in adults may reflect, in part, neonatal testosterone exposure. No significant relationships were observed within females. No significant relationships were observed when salivary testosterone and CAG repeats were examined independent of each other. Results have important implications for the design and interpretation of studies which use 2D:4D as a proxy measure of prenatal testosterone exposure.
Initial DNA barcodes to connect life stages of marine fishes from Vung Tau water, southeast Vietnam: implication for fisheries management
Creators: name: Huy, Phạm
name: Dang, Binh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 70403 Fisheries Management
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: DNA barcoding has proven a useful tool in marine species identification, especially, connecting the adults to early developmental stages such as planktonic larvae. Ichthyoplankton information plays an important role in fisheries management and conservation, especially in biodiversity hotspots, such as Vietnamese’s marine waters, where over 2000 species occur. This study collects Ichthyoplankton samples in Vung Tau waters, Southeast, Vietnam in 2020-2021. Egg and larval specimens were barcoded using the molecular markers (16S rRNA and COI mtDNA). In the total of over 50 specimens, 13 barcoded were successfully detected, and 15 species weren’t fully identified. Among that, only 2 species of eggs and larvae matched to the adult fish barcodes. The early developmental stages (eggs and larvae) of the goldstripe sardinella (Sardinella gibbosa) and fork-tailed threadfin bream (Nemipterus furcosus) were described. Sardine’s eggs were found in August, while larvae occurred in March. For N. furcosus, both eggs and larvae were recorded in April. These findings can support determining the spawning seasons and sites of marine fish species, as the basis for the management and conservation of marine resources.
Individual differences in the motivation to communicate relate to levels of midbrain and striatal catecholamine markers in male European starlings
Creators: name: Salvante, Katrina G.
name: Riters, Lauren V.
name: Sockman, Keith W.
name: Heimovics, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Individuals display dramatic differences in social communication even within similar social contexts. Across vertebrates dopaminergic projections from the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and midbrain central gray (GCt) strongly influence motivated, reward-directed behaviors. Norepinephrine is also rich in these areas and may alter dopamine neuronal activity. The present study was designed to provide insight into the roles of dopamine and norepinephrine in VTA and GCt and their efferent striatal target, song control region area X, in the regulation of individual differences in the motivation to sing. We used high pressure liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection to measure dopamine, norepinephrine and their metabolites in micropunched samples from VTA, GCt, and area X in male European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). We categorized males as sexually motivated or non-sexually motivated based on individual differences in song produced in response to a female. Dopamine markers and norepinephrine in VTA and dopamine in area X correlated positively with sexually-motivated song. Norepinephrine in area X correlated negatively with non-sexually-motivated song. Dopamine in GCt correlated negatively with sexually-motivated song, and the metabolite DOPAC correlated positively with non-sexually-motivated song. Results highlight a role for evolutionarily conserved dopaminergic projections from VTA to striatum in the motivation to communicate and highlight novel patterns of catecholamine activity in area X, VTA, and GCt associated with individual differences in sexually-motivated and non-sexually-motivated communication. Correlations between dopamine and norepinephrine markers also suggest that norepinephrine may contribute to individual differences in communication by modifying dopamine neuronal activity in VTA and GCt.
Comprehensive views toward the biomolecular recognition of an anticancer drug, leflunomide with human serum albumin
Creators: name: Kabir, Md. Zahirul
name: Tayyab, Hafsa
name: Erkmen, Cem
name: Mohamad, Saharuddin B.
name: Uslu, Bengi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Neuroscience
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Biomolecular association of an anticancer drug, leflunomide (LEF) with human serum albumin (HSA), the leading ligands carrier in human circulation was characterized using biophysical (i.e., fluorescence, absorption and voltammetric) methods and computational (i.e., molecular docking and molecular dynamics simulation) techniques. Evaluations of fluorescence, absorption and voltammetric findings endorsed the complex formation between LEF and HSA. An inverse relationship of Stern-Volmer constant–temperature and hyperchromic shift of the protein’s absorption signal with addition of LEF confirmed the LEF quenched the HSA fluorescence through static process. Moderate nature of binding strength (binding constant = 2.76–4.77 × 104 M−1) was detected towards the LEF–HSA complexation, while the association process was naturally driven via hydrophobic interactions, van der Waals interactions and hydrogen bonds, as evident from changes in entropy (ΔS= + 19.91 J mol−1 K−1) and enthalpy (ΔH = − 20.09 kJ mol−1), and molecular docking assessments. Spectral analyses of synchronous and three-dimensional fluorescence validated microenvironmental fluctuations near Trp and Tyr residues upon LEF binding to the protein. LEF association with HSA significantly defended temperature-induced destabilization of the protein. Although LEF was found to attach to HSA at Sudlow’s sites I and II, but exhibited greater preference toward its site I, as detected by the investigations of competitive site-marker displacement. Molecular dynamics simulation assessment revealed that the complex attained equilibrium throughout simulations, showing the LEF–HSA complex constancy. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma Schemkatic views of LEF–HSA Interaction
Dynamics of equilibrium linked colloidal gels
Creators: name: Kwon, Taejin
name: Wilcoxson, Tanner A.
name: Milliron, Delia J.
name: Truskett, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloids that attractively bond to only a few neighbors (e.g., patchy particles) can form equilibrium gels with distinctive dynamic properties that are stable in time. Here, we use a coarse-grained model to explore the dynamics of linked networks of patchy colloids whose average valence is macroscopically, rather than microscopically, constrained. Simulation results for the model show dynamic hallmarks of equilibrium gel formation and establish that the colloid-colloid bond persistence time controls the characteristic slow relaxation of the self-intermediate scattering function. The model features re-entrant network formation without phase separation as a function of linker concentration, centered at the stoichiometric ratio of linker ends to nanoparticle surface bonding sites. Departures from stoichiometry result in linker-starved or site-starved networks with reduced connectivity and shorter characteristic relaxation times with lower activation energies. Underlying the re-entrant trends, dynamic properties vary monotonically with the number of effective network bonds per colloid, a quantity that can be predicted using Wertheim's thermodynamic perturbation theory. These behaviors suggest macroscopic in situ strategies for tuning the dynamical response of colloidal networks.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Multi-institutional analysis of pancreatic adenocarcinoma demonstrating the effect of diabetes status on survival after resection
Creators: name: Martin, Robert C.G.
name: Ahmad, Syed A.
name: Cannon, Robert M.
name: Kooby, David A.
name: Scoggins, Charles R.
name: Hawkins, William G.
name: Weber, Sharon
name: Callender, Glenda G.
name: Cho, Cliff S.
name: Kim, Hong Jin
name: Staley, Charles A.
name: Winslow, Emily R.
name: Parikh, Alexander A.
name: McMasters, Kelly M.
name: Chagpar, Ryaz B.
name: LeGrand, Ryan
name: Glenn, Ian
name: Merchant, Nipun B.
name: Rupp, Christopher
name: Chu, Carrie K.
name: Brinkman, Adam
name: McClaine, Rebecca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The effect of diabetes on survival after resection pancreatic ductal carcinoma (PDAC) is unclear. The present study was undertaken to determine whether pre-operative diabetes has any predictive value for survival.
FAIR data stewardship. The need for capacity building & the role of communities - E4DS Feb 2023
Creators: name: Schoots, Fieke
name: Jetten, Mijke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Data stewardship; FAIR; Community building; Training & Capacity building; Data Stewards

description: Slide deck for the presentation by Fieke Schoots on "FAIR data stewardship. The need for capacity building & the role of communities", for the RDNL course Essentials 4 Data Support, 9 February 2023. Slides adapted from Mijke Jetten. (2022, October 12). FAIR data stewardship. The need for capacity building & the role of communities. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7188375
Latent volumetric structure of the human brain: Exploratory factor analysis and structural equation modeling of gray matter volumes in healthy children and adults
Creators: name: Peterson, Bradley S.
name: Colibazzi, Tiziano
name: Bansal, Ravi
name: Wang, Zhishun
name: Schultz, Robert T.
name: Zhu, Hongtu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Previous studies have investigated patterns of volumetric covariance (i.e. intercorrelation) among brain regions. Methodological issues, however, have limited the validity and generalizability of findings from these prior studies. Additionally, patterns of volumetric covariance have often been assumed to reflect the presence of structural networks, but this assumption has never been tested formally. We identified patterns of volumetric covariance, correlated these patterns with behavioral measures, and tested the hypothesis that the observed patterns of covariance reflect the presence of underlying networks. Specifically, we performed factor analysis on regional brain volumes of 99 healthy children and adults, and we correlated factor scores with scores on the Stroop Word-Color Interference Test. We identified four latent volumetric systems in each hemisphere: dorsal cortical, limbic, posterior, and basal ganglia. The positive correlation of the right posterior system with Stroop scores suggested that larger latent volumes are detrimental to inhibitory control. We also applied Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) to our dataset (n = 107) to test whether a model based on the anatomical pathways within cortico-striatal-thalamic-cortical (CSTC) circuits accounts for the covariances observed in our sample. The degree to which SEM predicted volumetric covariance in the CSTC circuit depended on whether we controlled for age and whole brain volume in the analyses. Removing the effects of age worsened the fit of the model, pointing to a possible developmental component in establishing connections within CSTC circuits. These modeling techniques may prove useful in the future for the study of structural networks in disease populations.
Test-retest and between-site reliability in a multicenter fMRI study
Creators: name: Lim, Kelvin O.
name: Wells, William
name: Mueller, Bryon
name: Potkin, Steven G.
name: Smyth, Padhraic
name: He, Jianchun
name: Gollub, Randy L.
name: Kim, Seyoung
name: Greve, Douglas N.
name: Pieper, Steve
name: Bockholt, Henry Jeremy
name: Lauriello, John
name: Friedman, Lee
name: Turner, Jessica
name: Glover, Gary H.
name: Vangel, Mark
name: Stern, Hal
name: Doty, Michael J.
name: Belger, Aysenil
name: Cannon, Tyrone
name: Brown, Gregory G.
name: Kubicki, Marek
name: Mathalon, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In the present report, estimates of test–retest and between-site reliability of fMRI assessments were produced in the context of a multicenter fMRI reliability study (FBIRN Phase 1, www.nbirn.net). Five subjects were scanned on 10 MRI scanners on two occasions. The fMRI task was a simple block design sensorimotor task. The impulse response functions to the stimulation block were derived using an FIR-deconvolution analysis with FMRISTAT. Six functionally-derived ROIs covering the visual, auditory and motor cortices, created from a prior analysis, were used. Two dependent variables were compared: percent signal change and contrast-to-noise-ratio. Reliability was assessed with intraclass correlation coefficients derived from a variance components analysis. Test–retest reliability was high, but initially, between-site reliability was low, indicating a strong contribution from site and site-by-subject variance. However, a number of factors that can markedly improve between-site reliability were uncovered, including increasing the size of the ROIs, adjusting for smoothness differences, and inclusion of additional runs. By employing multiple steps, between-site reliability for 3T scanners was increased by 123%. Dropping one site at a time and assessing reliability can be a useful method of assessing the sensitivity of the results to particular sites. These findings should provide guidance to others on the best practices for future multicenter studies.
Groupwise registration based on hierarchical image clustering and atlas synthesis
Creators: name: Yap, Pew-Thian
name: Wu, Guorong
name: Wang, Qian
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: Chen, Liya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Groupwise registration has recently been proposed for simultaneous and consistent registration of all images in a group. Since many deformation parameters need to be optimized for each image under registration, the number of images that can be effectively handled by conventional groupwise registration methods is limited. Moreover, the robustness of registration is at stake due to significant intersubject variability. To overcome these problems, we present a groupwise registration framework, which is based on a hierarchical image clustering and atlas synthesis strategy. The basic idea is to decompose a large-scale groupwise registration problem into a series of small-scale problems, each of which is relatively easy to solve using a general computer. In particular, we employ a method called affinity propagation, which is designed for fast and robust clustering, to hierarchically cluster images into a pyramid of classes. Intraclass registration is then performed to register all images within individual classes, resulting in a representative center image for each class. These center images of different classes are further registered, from the bottom to the top in the pyramid. Once the registration reaches the summit of the pyramid, a single center image, or an atlas, is synthesized. Utilizing this strategy, we can efficiently and effectively register a large image group, construct their atlas, and, at the same time, establish shape correspondences between each image and the atlas. We have evaluated our framework using real and simulated data, and the results indicate that our framework achieves better robustness and registration accuracy compared to conventional methods.
CENTS: Cortical enhanced neonatal tissue segmentation
Creators: name: Gerig, Guido
name: Wald, Lawrence L.
name: Lin, Weili
name: Yap, Pew-Thian
name: Cheng, Jie-Zhi
name: Fan, Yong
name: Shi, Feng
name: Gilmore, John H.
name: Shen, Dinggang
name: An, Hongyu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The acquisition of high-quality magnetic resonance (MR) images of neonatal brains is largely hampered by their characteristically small head size and insufficient tissue contrast. As a result, subsequent image processing and analysis, especially brain tissue segmentation, are often affected. To overcome this problem, a dedicated phased array neonatal head coil is utilized to improve MR image quality by augmenting signal-to-noise ratio and spatial resolution without lengthening data acquisition time. In addition, a specialized hybrid atlas-based tissue segmentation algorithm is developed for the delineation of fine structures in the acquired neonatal brain MR images. The proposed tissue segmentation method first enhances the sheet-like cortical gray matter (GM) structures in the to-be-segmented neonatal image with a Hessian filter for generation of a cortical GM confidence map. A neonatal population atlas is then generated by averaging the presegmented images of a population, weighted by their cortical GM similarity with respect to the to-be-segmented image. Finally, the neonatal population atlas is combined with the GM confidence map, and the resulting enhanced tissue probability maps for each tissue form a hybrid atlas that is used for atlas-based segmentation. Various experiments are conducted to compare the segmentations of the proposed method with manual segmentation (on both images acquired with a dedicated phased array coil and a conventional volume coil), as well as with the segmentations of two population-atlas-based methods. Results show the proposed method is capable of segmenting the neonatal brain with the best accuracy, and also preserving the most structural details in the cortical regions.
PSR B0329+54: Statistics of Substructure Discovered within the Scattering Disk on RadioAstron Baselines of up to 235,000 km
Creators: name: Gwinn, C. R.
name: Popov, M. V.
name: Bartel, N.
name: Andrianov, A. S.
name: Johnson, M. D.
name: Joshi, B. C.
name: Kardashev, N. S.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Rudnitskii, A. G.
name: Safutdinov, E. R.
name: Shishov, V. I.
name: Smirnova, T. V.
name: Soglasnov, V. A.
name: Steinmassl, S. F.
name: Zensus, J. A.
name: Zhuravlev, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discovered fine-scale structure within the scattering disk of PSR B0329+54 in observations with the RadioAstron ground-space radio interferometer. Here, we describe this phenomenon, characterize it with averages and correlation functions, and interpret it as the result of decorrelation of the impulse-response function of interstellar scattering between the widely-separated antennas. This instrument included the 10-m Space Radio Telescope, the 110-m Green Bank Telescope, the 14x25-m Westerbork Synthesis Radio Telescope, and the 64-m Kalyazin Radio Telescope. The observations were performed at 324 MHz, on baselines of up to 235,000 km in November 2012 and January 2014. In the delay domain, on long baselines the interferometric visibility consists of many discrete spikes within a limited range of delays. On short baselines it consists of a sharp spike surrounded by lower spikes. The average envelope of correlations of the visibility function show two exponential scales, with characteristic delays of $τ_1=4.1\pm 0.3\ μ{\rm s}$ and $τ_2=23\pm 3\ μ{\rm s}$, indicating the presence of two scales of scattering in the interstellar medium. These two scales are present in the pulse-broadening function. The longer scale contains 0.38 times the scattered power of the shorter one. We suggest that the longer tail arises from highly-scattered paths, possibly from anisotropic scattering or from substructure at large angles.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables; accepted by Astrophysical journal
Sampling Agnostic Feature Representation for Long-Term Person Re-identification
Creators: name: Yang, Seongyeop
name: Kang, Byeongkeun
name: Lee, Yeejin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Person re-identification is a problem of identifying individuals across non-overlapping cameras. Although remarkable progress has been made in the re-identification problem, it is still a challenging problem due to appearance variations of the same person as well as other people of similar appearance. Some prior works solved the issues by separating features of positive samples from features of negative ones. However, the performances of existing models considerably depend on the characteristics and statistics of the samples used for training. Thus, we propose a novel framework named sampling independent robust feature representation network (SirNet) that learns disentangled feature embedding from randomly chosen samples. A carefully designed sampling independent maximum discrepancy loss is introduced to model samples of the same person as a cluster. As a result, the proposed framework can generate additional hard negatives/positives using the learned features, which results in better discriminability from other identities. Extensive experimental results on large-scale benchmark datasets verify that the proposed model is more effective than prior state-of-the-art models.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, In IEEE Transactions on Image Processing 2022