cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Small but Mighty: New Benchmarks for Split and Rephrase
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Zhu, Huaiyu
name: Brahma, Siddhartha
name: Li, Yunyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Split and Rephrase is a text simplification task of rewriting a complex sentence into simpler ones. As a relatively new task, it is paramount to ensure the soundness of its evaluation benchmark and metric. We find that the widely used benchmark dataset universally contains easily exploitable syntactic cues caused by its automatic generation process. Taking advantage of such cues, we show that even a simple rule-based model can perform on par with the state-of-the-art model. To remedy such limitations, we collect and release two crowdsourced benchmark datasets. We not only make sure that they contain significantly more diverse syntax, but also carefully control for their quality according to a well-defined set of criteria. While no satisfactory automatic metric exists, we apply fine-grained manual evaluation based on these criteria using crowdsourcing, showing that our datasets better represent the task and are significantly more challenging for the models.
description: In EMNLP 2020
title: Traffic Accident Rates in Kentucky
title: (1980)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: A primary objective of this study was to determine average accident statistics in Kentucky in 1980 for use in identifying hazardous locations. To identify locations having an abnormal accident history, norms must be established and these norms must be kept up-to-date to maintain a reliable identification program.  Average accident rates were calculated using several methods of classifying highways. Average rates for counties and cities were calculated, and counties and cities with the highest rates for their population category were identified. A series of curves were drawn giving criteria which can be used to determine whether a particular location has an accident problem.
On the Thermally Pulsing Asymptotic Giant Branch Contribution to the Light of Nearby Disk Galaxies
Creators: name: Martínez-García, Eric E.
name: Bruzual, Gustavo
name: González-Lópezlira, Rosa A.
name: Rodríguez-Merino, Lino H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the luminosity contribution from thermally pulsing asymptotic giant branch (TP-AGB) stars to the stellar populations of galaxies is crucial to determine their physical parameters (e.g., stellar mass and age). We use a sample of 84 nearby disk galaxies to explore diverse stellar population synthesis models with different luminosity contributions from TP-AGB stars. We fit the models to optical and near-infrared (NIR) photometry, on a pixel-bypixel basis. The statistics of the fits show a preference for a low-luminosity contribution (i.e., high mass-to-light ratio in the NIR) from TP-AGB stars. Nevertheless, for 30 percent to 40 percent of the pixels in our sample a high-luminosity contribution (hence low mass-to-light ratio in the NIR) from TP-AGB stars is favored. According to our findings, the mean TP-AGB star luminosity contribution in nearby disk galaxies may vary with Hubble type. This may be a consequence of the variation of the TP-AGB mass-loss rate with metallicity, if metal-poor stars begin losing mass earlier than metal-rich stars, because of a pre-dust wind that precedes the dust-driven wind.
description: Published in 2021, ApJ, 908, 110
Warrants for Left-Turn Lanes
Creators: name: Agent, Kenneth R.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: Warrants for the installation of separate left-turn lanes were developed. Literature was reviewed, and policies and practices in other states were surveyed. Accident analyses of locations with and without separate left-turn lanes were conducted. Computer simulation was used to determine relationships among traffic delay, load factor, traffic volume, percent left-turns, cycle length, and cycle split. The relationship between left-turn accidents and conflicts was investigated.  Warrants were developed involving the following three general areas:      accident experience,     volumes (based on delay), and     traffic conflicts.
On the mathematical Structure of Quantum Measurement Theory
Creators: name: Sewell, Geoffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the key problems of quantum measurement theory, namely the reduction of the wave packet of a microsystem and the specification of its quantum state by a macroscopic measuring instrument, may be rigorously resolved within the traditional framework of the quantum mechanics of finite conservative systems. The argument is centred on the generic model of a microsystem, S, coupled to a finite macroscopic measuring instrument, I, which itself is an N-particle quantum system. The pointer positions of I correspond to the macrostates of this instrument, as represented by orthogonal subspaces of the Hilbert space of its pure states. These subspaces, or 'phase cells', are the simultaneous eigenspaces of a set of coarse grained intercommuting macroscopic observables, M, and, crucially, are of astronomically large dimensionalities, which incease exponentially with N. We formulate conditions on the conservative dynamics of the composite (S+I) under which it yields both a reduction of the wave packet describing the state of S and a one-to-one correspondence, following a measurement, between the pointer position of I and the resultant state of S; and we show that these conditions are fulfilled by the finite version of the Coleman-Hepp model.
description: 20 pages, minor correstions installed, to appear in Rep. Math. Phys
Convexity, translation invariance and subadditivity for $g$-expectations and related risk measures
Creators: name: Jiang, Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10 (Primary); 60H30, 91B30 (Secondary)

description: Under the continuous assumption on the generator $g$, Briand et al. [Electron. Comm. Probab. 5 (2000) 101--117] showed some connections between $g$ and the conditional $g$-expectation $({\mathcal{E}}_g[\cdot|{\mathcal{F}}_t])_{t\in[0,T]}$ and Rosazza Gianin [Insurance: Math. Econ. 39 (2006) 19--34] showed some connections between $g$ and the corresponding dynamic risk measure $(ρ^g_t)_{t\in[0,T]}$. In this paper we prove that, without the additional continuous assumption on $g$, a $g$-expectation ${\mathcal{E}}_g$ satisfies translation invariance if and only if $g$ is independent of $y$, and ${\mathcal{E}}_g$ satisfies convexity (resp. subadditivity) if and only if $g$ is independent of $y$ and $g$ is convex (resp. subadditive) with respect to $z$. By these conclusions we deduce that the static risk measure $ρ^g$ induced by a $g$-expectation ${\mathcal{E}}_g$ is a convex (resp. coherent) risk measure if and only if $g$ is independent of $y$ and $g$ is convex (resp. sublinear) with respect to $z$. Our results extend the results in Briand et al. [Electron. Comm. Probab. 5 (2000) 101--117] and Rosazza Gianin [Insurance: Math. Econ. 39 (2006) 19--34] on these subjects.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/105051607000000294 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
More General BBN Constraints on Neutrino Oscillations Parameters - Relaxed or Strengthened
Creators: name: Kirilova, Daniela P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss BBN with nonequilibrium nu_enu_s oscillations in the more general case of non-zero population of nu_s before oscillations delta N_s>0. I calculate He-4 primordial production Y_p(delta N_s) in the presence of nu_enu_s oscillations for different initial populations of nu_s state 0<=delta N_s<=1 and the full range of oscillation parameters. Non-zero delta N_s has two-fold effect on He-4: (i) it enhances the energy density and hence increases the cosmic expansion rate, leading to Y_p overproduction and (ii) it suppresses the kinetic effects of oscillations on BBN, namely the effects on pre-BBN nucleon kinetics caused by the nu_e energy spectrum distortion and the neutrino-antineutrino asymmetry generation by oscillations, leading to decreased Y_p overproduction. Depending on oscillation parameters one or the other effect may dominate, causing, correspondingly, either a relaxation of the cosmological constraints or their strengthening with the increase of delta N_s . I calculate more general BBN constraints on nu_enu_s oscillation parameters,corresponding to 3% Y_p overproduction, for different initial populations of nu_s.Previous BBN constraints were derived assuming empty sterile state before oscillations. The cosmological constraints for that case strengthen with the increase of delta N_s value.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Informed Consent
Creators: name: Bosse, Ingo
name: Edler, Cordula
name: Dirks, Susanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: People with cognitive disabilities
Accessibility
Inclusion

description: Activities on privacy, safety, and ethics are of course an essential part of the IPAR-UCD approach to make it transversal to the entire work plan to ensure that issues are supervised and handled professionally alongside all activities with users. Managing privacy, safety and ethics are core reach objectives of IPAR (and not an “add-on”). Users as to become an act as peer-researchers may reveal sensitive information to the team and the system. Awareness and understanding are to be developed what personal data is potentially vulnerable and how it will be protected (informed consent). Users will be empowered to make educated decisions and give consent.
 Due to these reasons the following documents are written in easy-to-read. Originally they are used in German and Swedish. In each country different pictures to explain the content were used. For the deliverable, the text was translated in English and the image were removed.
 All the peer-researches were able to give informed consent and signed the paper shown below.
A Swift Fix for Nuclear Outbursts
Creators: name: Hinkle, Jason T.
name: Holoien, Thomas W. -S.
name: Shappee, Benjamin. J.
name: Auchettl, Katie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In November 2020, the Swift team announced an update to the UltraViolet and Optical Telescope calibration to correct for the loss of sensitivity over time. This correction affects observations in the three near ultraviolet (UV) filters, by up to 0.3 mag in some cases. As UV photometry is critical to characterizing tidal disruption events (TDEs) and other peculiar nuclear outbursts, we re-computed published Swift data for TDEs and other singular nuclear outbursts with Swift photometry in 2015 or later, as a service to the community. Using archival UV, optical, and infrared photometry we ran host SED fits for each host galaxy. From these, we computed synthetic host magnitudes and host-galaxy properties. We calculated host-subtracted magnitudes for each transient and computed blackbody fits. In addition to the nuclear outbursts, we include the ambiguous transient ATLAS18qqn (AT2018cow), which has been classifed as a potential TDE on an intermediate mass black hole. Finally, with updated bolometric light curves, we recover the relationship of \citet{hinkle20a}, where more luminous TDEs decay more slowly than less luminous TDEs, with decreased scatter as compared to the original relationship.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, and 7 tables. Accepted for publication in ApJ. We have added three objects to the sample and updated all ancillary files
Hadron collisions and the fifth form factor
Creators: name: Dokshitzer, Yu. L.
name: Marchesini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Logarithmically enhanced effects due to radiation of soft gluons at large angles in $2\to 2$ QCD scattering processes are treated in terms of the "fifth form factor" that accompanies the four collinear singular Sudakov form factors attached to incoming and outgoing hard partons. Unexpected symmetry under exchange of internal and external variables of the problem is pointed out for the anomalous dimension that governs soft gluon effects in hard gluon--gluon scattering.
description: 8 pages
X-ray Galaxy Clusters in NoSOCS: Substructure and the Correlation of Optical and X-ray Properties
Creators: name: Lopes, P. A. A.
name: de Carvalho, R. R.
name: Capelato, H. V.
name: Gal, R. R.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Brunner, R. J.
name: Odewahn, S. C.
name: Mahabal, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comparison of optical and X-ray properties of galaxy clusters in the northern sky. We determine the recovery rate of X-ray detected clusters in the optical as a function of richness, redshift and X-ray luminosity, showing that the missed clusters are typically low contrast systems when observed optically. We employ four different statistical tests to test for the presence of substructure using optical two-dimensional data, finding that approximately 35% of the clusters show strong signs of substructure. However, the results are test-dependent, with variations also due to the magnitude range and radius utilized.We have also performed a comparison of X-ray luminosity and temperature with optical galaxy counts (richness). We find that the slope and scatter of the relations between richness and the X-ray properties are heavily dependent on the density contrast of the clusters. The selection of substructure-free systems does not improve the correlation between X-ray luminosity and richness, but this comparison also shows much larger scatter than one obtained using the X-ray temperature. In the latter case, the sample is significantly reduced because temperature measurements are available only for the most massive (and thus high contrast) systems. However, the comparison between temperature and richness is very sensitive to the exclusion of clusters showing signs of substructure. The correlation of X-ray luminosity and richness is based on the largest sample to date ($\sim$ 750 clusters), while tests involving temperature use a similar number of objects as previous works ($\lsim$100). The results presented here are in good agreement with existing literature.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures, ApJ in press, including minor changes following the ApJ's edition
Development of a Thickness Design System for Portland Cement Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Southgate, Herbert F.
name: Havens, James H.
name: Deen, Robert C.
name: Newberry, Donald C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: This report covers the merger of criteria used in the Portland Cement Association's and MSHTO's pavement thickness design systems. The combined criteria is coupled with the principle of equal work as defined in classical physics to produce thickness design curves for portland cement concrete pavements. The thickness of portland cement concrete varied by approximately 0.15 inches for the same CBR and design EAL when the thickness of crushed-stone base varied from 3 to 6 inches. Therefore, the design thickness of the portland cement concrete is relatively insensitive to changes in thickness of the crushed stone base.
Probing the gaps : the influence of social context and stance on second language students’ co-construction of a literary work
Creators: name: Pohn, Joanne Inger
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study was to examine the influence of social context and stance on second language (L2) students co-construction of a literary work. To this end, it examined three small groups of L2 students, first investigating the influence of social interaction, group composition and the management of the task on the students' coconstruction of the literary work, and then investigating the influence of three types of stances, post-structuralist, response, and literary, on the literary work constructed. The study was conducted over a unit of instruction in a Transitional English 11 classroom. As the researcher was also the students' teacher, the study employed both a qualitative and action research approach and analysed data from three sources: audiotaped discussions, questionnaires, and individual interviews. The first question was analysed from a social perspective, using social theories of reader-response as well as Vygotsty's theories (1978) as the framework. The findings for the second question, which explored the influence of stance on the students' discourse, are presented in a summary of how the students' discourse varied as they discussed questions from different stances and an analysis of the discourse. The findings for the first question indicated that social context did influence the literary work the students constructed. Students did model for each other the knowledge, skills, and dispositions necessary for in depth literary analysis, but their interaction was influenced by both how they managed the task and by the composition of the group. Findings for the second question indicated that questions from a number of stances were productive. Post-structuralist stances were successful in highlighting differences in how students constructed the implied content of the text. Response stances produced the most varied discourse, which included students sharing personal opinions, experience, and moral judgements. Literary stances produced the most abstract discourse. Limitations of the study are detailed as well as suggestions for future research and suggestions for teaching practice.
The cone of pseudo-effective divisors of log varieties after Batyrev
Creators: name: Araujo, Carolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E30

description: In these notes we investigate the cone of nef curves of projective varieties, which is the dual cone to the cone of pseudo-effective divisors. We prove a structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective $\mathbb Q$-factorial klt pairs of arbitrary dimension from the point of view of the Minimal Model Program. This is a generalization of Batyrev's structure theorem for the cone of nef curves of projective terminal threefolds.
description: 15 pages. v2: Completely rewritten paper. Structure theorem for the cone of nef curves proved in arbitrary dimension using results of Birkar, Cascini, Hacon and McKernan. To appear in Mathematische Zeitschrift
The Chemical Evolution of Andromeda's Satellites: Coadded Spectra
Creators: name: Wojno, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Detailed, comprehensive chemical abundance measurements are integral to unraveling the formation history and evolution of galaxy halos and their satellite systems. As part of the largest systematic study to date of chemical abundances in Andromeda (M31), the SPLASH (Spectroscopic and Photometric Landscape of Andromeda's Stellar Halo) survey has obtained medium-resolution (R ~ 6000, 6300-9000Å) spectra across the M31 disk, halo, and its dwarf spheroidal (dSph) satellite system. Where it is not possible to determine abundance measurements for individual red giant branch (RGB) stars, we propose a method to derive [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] measurements from co-added spectra, focusing on RGB stars in the M31 outer halo and dSphs. We group stars according to their similarity in photometric effective temperature, and co-add these groups of spectra to obtain a signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) high enough to measure the average [Fe/H] and [α/Fe] abundance for a given group. We validate our method by comparing the resulting abundance measurements from the low-S/N, co-added spectra with individual abundance measurements from high-S/N spectra in similar regions of the parameter space. We present abundance distributions based on co-added measurements for five M31 dSphs and outer halo fields, and compare these results with the observed chemistry of the Milky Way halo and its dSphs. These abundance measurements from low-S/N spectra greatly increase the number of measurements of the chemical composition of M31 and its satellites, and placing M31 in context with complementary studies of the Milky Way.
Auf dem Weg zu einer evangelisch/alt-katholischen Eucharistie-Vereinbarung
Creators: name: Oeyen, Christian
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 34 Nr. 3 (1985): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 34, Heft 3
Project and Conquer: Fast Quantifier Elimination for Checking Petri Net Reachability
Creators: name: Amat, Nicolas
name: Zilio, Silvano Dal
name: Botlan, Didier Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method for checking generalized reachability properties in Petri nets that takes advantage of structural reductions and that can be used, transparently, as a pre-processing step of existing model-checkers. Our approach is based on a new procedure that can project a property, about an initial Petri net, into an equivalent formula that only refers to the reduced version of this net. Our projection is defined as a variable elimination procedure for linear integer arithmetic tailored to the specific kind of constraints we handle. It has linear complexity, is guaranteed to return a sound property, and makes use of a simple condition to detect when the result is exact. Experimental results show that our approach works well in practice and that it can be useful even when there is only a limited amount of reductions.
Reasoning about Goals, Steps, and Temporal Ordering with WikiHow
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Lyu, Qing
name: Callison-Burch, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a suite of reasoning tasks on two types of relations between procedural events: goal-step relations ("learn poses" is a step in the larger goal of "doing yoga") and step-step temporal relations ("buy a yoga mat" typically precedes "learn poses"). We introduce a dataset targeting these two relations based on wikiHow, a website of instructional how-to articles. Our human-validated test set serves as a reliable benchmark for commonsense inference, with a gap of about 10% to 20% between the performance of state-of-the-art transformer models and human performance. Our automatically-generated training set allows models to effectively transfer to out-of-domain tasks requiring knowledge of procedural events, with greatly improved performances on SWAG, Snips, and the Story Cloze Test in zero- and few-shot settings.
description: In EMNLP 2020
Ehrenfest-time dependence of weak localization in open quantum dots
Creators: name: Rahav, Saar
name: Brouwer, Piet W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiclassical theory predicts that the weak localization correction to the conductance of a ballistic chaotic cavity is suppressed if the Ehrenfest time exceeds the dwell time in the cavity [I. L. Aleiner and A. I. Larkin, Phys. Rev. B {\bf 54}, 14424 (1996)]. We report numerical simulations of weak localization in the open quantum kicked rotator that confirm this prediction. Our results disagree with the `effective random matrix theory' of transport through ballistic chaotic cavities.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Comparing the structural parameters of the Milky Way to other spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Guerrette, Jacob A.
name: Mosenkov, Aleksandr V.
name: Spencer, Dallin
name: Shakespear, Zacory D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural parameters of a galaxy can be used to gain insight into its formation and evolution history. In this paper, we strive to compare the Milky Way's structural parameters to other, primarily edge-on, spiral galaxies in order to determine how our Galaxy measures up to the Local Universe. For our comparison, we use the galaxy structural parameters gathered from a variety of literature sources in the optical and near-infrared wavebands. We compare the scale length, scale height, and disk flatness for both the thin and thick disks, the thick-to-thin disk mass ratio, the bulge-to-total luminosity ratio, and the mean pitch angle of the Milky Way's spiral arms to those in other galaxies. We conclude that many of the Milky Way's structural parameters are largely ordinary and typical of spiral galaxies in the Local Universe, though the Galaxy's thick disk appears to be appreciably thinner and less extended than expected from zoom-in cosmological simulations of Milky Way-mass galaxies with a significant contribution of galaxy mergers involving satellite galaxies.
description: 25 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Intent Detection with WikiHow
Creators: name: Zhang, Li
name: Lyu, Qing
name: Callison-Burch, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern task-oriented dialog systems need to reliably understand users' intents. Intent detection is most challenging when moving to new domains or new languages, since there is little annotated data. To address this challenge, we present a suite of pretrained intent detection models. Our models are able to predict a broad range of intended goals from many actions because they are trained on wikiHow, a comprehensive instructional website. Our models achieve state-of-the-art results on the Snips dataset, the Schema-Guided Dialogue dataset, and all 3 languages of the Facebook multilingual dialog datasets. Our models also demonstrate strong zero- and few-shot performance, reaching over 75% accuracy using only 100 training examples in all datasets.
description: In AACL-IJCNLP 2020
Landscape Higgs and sparticle mass predictions from a logarithmic soft term distribution
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Barger, Vernon
name: Salam, Shadman
name: Sengupta, Dibyashree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent work on calculating string theory landscape statistical predictions for the Higgs and sparticle mass spectrum from an assumed power-law soft term distribution yields an expectation for m(h)~ 125 GeV with sparticles (save light higgsinos) somewhat beyond reach of high-luminosity LHC. A recent examination of statistics of SUSY breaking in IIB string models with stabilized moduli suggests a power-law for models based on KKLT stabilization and uplifting while models based on large-volume scenario (LVS) instead yield an expected logarithmic soft term distribution. We evaluate statistical distributions for Higgs and sparticle masses from the landscape with a log soft term distribution and find the Higgs mass still peaks around ~125 GeV with sparticles beyond LHC reach, albeit with somewhat softer distributions than those arising from a power-law.
description: version 2 contains improved statistics for figures along with some minor text changes; published version in PRD is still version 1; 17 pages plus 16 .png figures
The Compton-thick quasar at the heart of the high-redshift giant radio galaxy 6C 0905+39
Creators: name: Erlund, M. C.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Blundell, Katherine M.
name: Crawford, Carolin S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our XMM-Newton spectrum of the giant, high-redshift (z=1.88) radio galaxy 6C 0905+39 shows that it contains one of the most powerful, high-redshift, Compton-thick quasars known. Its spectrum is very hard above 2 keV. The steep XMM spectrum below that energy is shown to be due to extended emission from the radio bridge using Chandra data. The nucleus of 6C 0905+39 has a column density of 3.5 (+1.4,-0.4) X 10^24 cm^-2 and absorption-corrected X-ray luminosity of 1.7 (+0.9,-0.1) X 10^45 erg/s in the 2-10 keV band. A lower redshift active galaxy in the same field, SDSS J090808.36+394313.6, may also be Compton-thick.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Exploring effects of tensor force and its strength via neutron drops
Creators: name: Wang, Zhiheng
name: Naito, Tomoya
name: Liang, Haozhao
name: Long, Wen Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensor-force effects on the evolution of the spin-orbit splittings in the neutron drops are investigated within the framework of the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory. For fair comparisons on the pure mean-field level, the results of the relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock calculation with the Bonn A interaction are adopted as meta-data. Through a quantitative analysis, we certify that the $π$-pseudovector ($π$-PV) coupling affects the evolutionary trend through the tensor force embedded. The strength of the tensor force is explored by enlarging the strength $f_π$ of the $π$-PV coupling. It is found that weakening the density dependence of $f_π$ is slightly better than enlarging it with a factor. We thus provide a semiquantitative support for the \textit{renormalization persistency} of the tensor force within the framework of density functional theory. This will serve as an important guidance for the further development of the relativistic effective interactions with particular focus on the tensor force.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Sibyl: Forecasting Time-Evolving Query Workloads
Creators: name: Huang, Hanxian
name: Siddiqui, Tarique
name: Alotaibi, Rana
name: Curino, Carlo
name: Leeka, Jyoti
name: Jindal, Alekh
name: Zhao, Jishen
name: Camacho-Rodriguez, Jesus
name: Tian, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Database systems often rely on historical query traces to perform workload-based performance tuning. However, real production workloads are time-evolving, making historical queries ineffective for optimizing future workloads. To address this challenge, we propose SIBYL, an end-to-end machine learning-based framework that accurately forecasts a sequence of future queries, with the entire query statements, in various prediction windows. Drawing insights from real-workloads, we propose template-based featurization techniques and develop a stacked-LSTM with an encoder-decoder architecture for accurate forecasting of query workloads. We also develop techniques to improve forecasting accuracy over large prediction windows and achieve high scalability over large workloads with high variability in arrival rates of queries. Finally, we propose techniques to handle workload drifts. Our evaluation on four real workloads demonstrates that SIBYL can forecast workloads with an $87.3\%$ median F1 score, and can result in $1.7\times$ and $1.3\times$ performance improvement when applied to materialized view selection and index selection applications, respectively.
description: The paper has been accepted by SIGMOD 2024
The Large Number Coincidence, The Cosmic Coincidence and the Critical Acceleration
Creators: name: Funkhouser, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coincidence problem among the pure numbers of order near 10^{40} is resolved with the Raychaudhuri and Friedmann-Robertson-Lemaitre-Walker equations and a trivial relationship involving the fine structure constant. The fact that the large number coincidence occurs only in the same epoch in which other coincidences among cosmic parameters occur could be considered a distinct coincidence problem suggesting an underlying physical connection. A natural set of scaling laws for the cosmological constant and the critical acceleration are identified that would resolve the coincidence among cosmic coincidences.
description: This version accepted for publication in Proc. Roy. Soc. A; 5 pages
GW190521 may be an intermediate mass ratio inspiral
Creators: name: Nitz, Alexander H.
name: Capano, Collin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GW190521 is the first confident observation of a binary black hole merger with total mass $M > 100\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. Given the lack of observational constraints at these masses, we analyze GW190521 considering two different priors for the binary's masses: uniform in mass ratio and source-frame total mass, and uniform in source-frame component masses. For the uniform in mass-ratio prior, we find that the component masses are $m_1^{\mathrm{src}} = 168_{-61}^{+15}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and $m_2^{\mathrm{src}} = 16_{-3}^{+33}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. The uniform in component-mass prior yields a bimodal posterior distribution. There is a low-mass-ratio mode ($q<4$) with $m_1^{\mathrm{src}} = 100_{-18}^{+17}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and $m_2^{\mathrm{src}} = 57_{-16}^{+17}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and a high-mass-ratio mode ($q\geq4$) with $m_1^{\mathrm{src}} = 166_{-35}^{+16}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$ and $m_2^{\mathrm{src}} = 16_{-3}^{+14}\,\mathrm{M}_{\odot}$. Although the two modes have nearly equal posterior probability, the maximum-likelihood parameters are in the high-mass ratio mode, with $m_1^{\rm src} = 171\,M_{\odot}$ and $m_2^{\rm src} = 16\,M_{\odot}$, and a signal-to-noise ratio of $16$. These results are consistent with the proposed "mass gap" produced by pair-instability in supernova. Our results differ from those published in Abbott et al. (2020b). We find that a combination of the prior used and the constraints applied may have prevented that analysis from sampling the high-mass-ratio mode. An accretion flare in AGN J124942.3+344929 was observed in possible coincidence with GW190521 by the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF). We report parameters assuming a common origin; however, the spatial agreement of GW190521 and the EM flare alone does not provide convincing evidence for the association ($\ln\mathcal{B} \gtrsim -4$).
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, corresponding data release at http://github.com/gwastro/gw190521, updated to match version accepted by ApJL
Criteria for projected discovery and exclusion sensitivities of counting experiments
Creators: name: Bhattiprolu, Prudhvi N.
name: Martin, Stephen P.
name: Wells, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The projected discovery and exclusion capabilities of particle physics and astrophysics/cosmology experiments are often quantified using the median expected $p$-value or its corresponding significance. We argue that this criterion leads to flawed results, which for example can counterintuitively project lessened sensitivities if the experiment takes more data or reduces its background. We discuss the merits of several alternatives to the median expected significance, both when the background is known and when it is subject to some uncertainty. We advocate for standard use of the "exact Asimov significance" $Z^{\rm A}$ detailed in this paper.
description: 10 pages. v2: new information about the extreme no-background limit included, two new figures added, other minor changes
Acoustic imaging by three-dimensional acoustic Luneburg meta-lens with lattice columns
Creators: name: Kim, Jung-Woo
name: Lee, Seong-Jin
name: Jo, Jun-Yeong
name: Wang, Semyung
name: Kim, Sang-Hoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A three-dimensional acoustic Luneburg meta-lens has the advantage of refracting sound waves for all incident angles and focusing higher sound pressure compared to a two-dimensional lens. The lens made of plastic with a diameter of 120 mm was designed with thousands of lattice column-shaped meta-atoms to maintain its three-dimensional shape. The lens's three-dimensional focusing performance and acoustic imaging were simulated and measured at the frequency range of 5 kHz ~ 20 kHz. The omnidirectional property was confirmed by rotating the lens to change the incident angle and measuring the sound pressure. The development of these spherical Luneburg meta-lenses is expected to improve the performance of devices that require acoustic focusing.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Determining neutrino absorption spectra at Ultra-High Energies
Creators: name: Scholten, Olaf
name: van Vliet, Arjen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A very efficient method to measure the flux of Ultra-high energy (UHE) neutrinos is through the detection of radio waves which are emitted by the particle shower in the lunar regolith. The highest acceptance is reached for radio waves in the frequency band of 100-200 MHz which can be measured with modern radio telescopes. In this work we investigate the sensitivity of this detection method to structures in the UHE neutrino spectrum caused by their absorption on the low-energy relic anti-neutrino background through the Z-boson resonance. The position of the absorption peak is sensitive to the neutrino mass and the redshift of the source. A new generation of low-frequency digital radio telescopes will provide excellent detection capabilities for measuring these radio pulses, thus making our consideration here very timely.
description: 7 figures, submitted to JCAP revision: References updated and minor changes in text
Measurements of the Absolute Branching Ratios for the Dominant KL Decays, the KL Lifetime, and Vus with the KLOE Detector
Creators: name: KLOE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From a sample of about 10^9 Phi mesons produced at DAFNE, we have selected KL mesons tagged by observing KS->pi+pi- decays. We present results on the major KL branching ratios, including those of the semileptonic decays needed for the determination of Vus. These branching ratio measurements are fully inclusive with respect to final-state radiation. The KL lifetime has also been measured.
description: Submitted to Phys. Lett. B
Two-way Protocol for Quantum Cryptography with Imperfect Devices
Creators: name: Lucamarini, M.
name: Cere', A.
name: Di Giuseppe, G.
name: Mancini, S.
name: Vitali, D.
name: Tombesi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The security of a deterministic quantum scheme for communication, namely the LM05 [1], is studied in presence of a lossy channel under the assumption of imperfect generation and detection of single photons. It is shown that the scheme allows for a rate of distillable secure bits higher than that pertaining to BB84 [2]. We report on a first implementation of LM05 with weak pulses.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Uses OSID style
Incentivizing Routing Choices for Safe and Efficient Transportation in the Face of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Beliaev, Mark
name: Bıyık, Erdem
name: Lazar, Daniel A.
name: Wang, Woodrow Z.
name: Sadigh, Dorsa
name: Pedarsani, Ramtin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has severely affected many aspects of people's daily lives. While many countries are in a re-opening stage, some effects of the pandemic on people's behaviors are expected to last much longer, including how they choose between different transport options. Experts predict considerably delayed recovery of the public transport options, as people try to avoid crowded places. In turn, significant increases in traffic congestion are expected, since people are likely to prefer using their own vehicles or taxis as opposed to riskier and more crowded options such as the railway. In this paper, we propose to use financial incentives to set the tradeoff between risk of infection and congestion to achieve safe and efficient transportation networks. To this end, we formulate a network optimization problem to optimize taxi fares. For our framework to be useful in various cities and times of the day without much designer effort, we also propose a data-driven approach to learn human preferences about transport options, which is then used in our taxi fare optimization. Our user studies and simulation experiments show our framework is able to minimize congestion and risk of infection.
description: ICCPS 2021. 11 pages, 4 figures
The melting curve of MgO from first principles simulations
Creators: name: Alfè, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First principles calculations based on density functional theory, both with the local density approximation (LDA) and with generalised gradient corrections (GGA), and the projector augmented wave method, have been used to simulate solid and liquid MgO in direct coexistence in the range of pressure $0\le p \le 135$ GPa. The calculated LDA zero pressure melting temperature is $ T_m^{\rm LDA} = 3110 \pm 50 $ K, in good agreement with the experimental data. The calculated GGA zero pressure melting temperature $ T_m^{\rm GGA} = 2575 \pm 100 $ K is significantly lower than the LDA one, but the difference between the GGA and the LDA melting curves is greatly reduced at high pressure. The LDA calculated zero pressure melting slope is $dT/dp \sim 100$ K/GPa, which is more than three times higher than the currently available experimental one ((Zerr and Boehler, Nature {\bf 371}, 506 (1994)). As the pressure is increased, the melting curve deviates significantly from the experimental one. At the core mantle boundary pressure of 135 GPa MgO melts at $T_m = 8140 \pm 150$ K.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Physical Review Letters
Entanglement of Pure Two-Mode Gaussian States
Creators: name: Rendell, R. W.
name: Rajagopal, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement of general pure Gaussian two-mode states is examined in terms of the coefficients of the quadrature components of the wavefunction. The entanglement criterion and the entanglement of formation are directly evaluated as a function of these coefficients, without the need for deriving local unitary transformations. These reproduce the results of other methods for the special case of symmetric pure states which employ a relation between squeezed states and Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen correlations. The modification of the quadrature coefficients and the corresponding entanglement due to application of various optical elements is also derived.
description: 12 pages
Spectral synthesis analysis and radial velocity study of the northern F-, G-, and K-type flare-stars
Creators: name: König, B.
name: Guenther, E. W.
name: Esposito, M.
name: Hatzes, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this publication we present a study of the general physical, chemical properties and radial velocity monitoring of young active stars. We derive temperatures, log g, [Fe/H], v sin i, and R_{spec} values for eight stars. The detailed analysis reveals that the stars are not as homogeneous in their premier physical parameters as well as in the age distribution. In 4/5 we found a periodic radial velocity signal which origins in surface features the fifth is surprisingly inactive and shows little variation.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, accepted by MNRAS
การใช้ระบบการรับรองแบบมีส่วนร่วมสู่เกษตรอินทรีย์ยุค 3.0 และเพิ่มรายได้ของเกษตรกรรายย่อย
Creators: name: ดุสิต อธินุวัฒน์
Publisher: name: Thammasat University
Year: 2019
Subjects: PGS
Organic farming folk way
guarantee by the community

description: Thai Journal of Science and Technology, 8, 5, 468-478
Dark matter in early-type galaxies: dynamical modelling of IC1459, IC3370, NGC3379 and NGC4105
Creators: name: Samurovic, S.
name: Danziger, I. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse long-slit spectra of four early-type galaxies which extend from ~1 to ~3 effective radii: IC1459, IC3370, NGC3379 and NGC4105. We have extracted the full line-of-sight velocity distribution (in the case of NGC3379 we also used data from the literature) which we model using the two-integral approach. Using two-integral modelling we find no strong evidence for dark haloes, but the fits suggest that three-integral modelling is necessary. We also find that the inferred constant mass-to-light ratio in all four cases is typical for early-type galaxies. Finally, we also discuss the constraints on the mass-to-light ratio which can be obtained using X-ray haloes in the case of IC1459, NGC3379 and NGC4105 and compare the estimated values with the predictions from the dynamical modelling.
description: 42 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
AKN_Regie: bridging digital and performing arts
Creators: name: Gagneré, Georges
name: Ternova, Anastasiia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: AvatarStaging framework consists in directing avatars on a mixed theatrical stage, enabling a co-presence between the materiality of the physical actor and the virtuality of avatars controlled in real time by motion capture or specific animation players. It led to the implementation of the AKN_Regie authoring tool, programmed with the Blueprint visual language as a plugin for the Unreal Engine (UE) video game engine. The paper describes AKN_Regie main functionalities as a tool for non-programmer theatrical people. It gives insights of its implementation in the Blueprint visual language specific to UE. It details how the tool evolved along with its use in around ten theater productions. A circulation process between a nonprogramming point of view on AKN_Regie called Plugin Perspective and a programming acculturation to its development called Blueprint Perspective is discussed. Finally, a C++ Perspective is suggested to enhance the cultural appropriation of technological issues, bridging the gap between performing arts deeply involved in human materiality and avatars inviting to discover new worlds.