cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Plasmonic rod dimers as elementary planar chiral meta-atoms
Creators: name: Zhukovsky, Sergei V.
name: Kremers, Christian
name: Chigrin, Dmitry N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic response of metallic rod dimers is theoretically calculated for arbitrary planar arrangement of rods in the dimer. It is shown that dimers without an in-plane symmetry axis exhibit elliptical dichroism and act as "atoms" in planar chiral metamaterials. Due to a very simple geometry of the rod dimer, such planar metamaterials are much easier in fabrication than conventional split-ring or gammadion-type structures, and lend themselves to a simple analytical treatment based on coupled dipole model. Dependencies of metamaterial's directional asymmetry on the dimer's geometry are established analytically and confirmed in numerical simulations.
description: 3 pages
Stacking-order dependent transport properties of trilayer graphene
Creators: name: Jhang, S. H.
name: Craciun, M. F.
name: Schmidmeier, S.
name: Tokumitsu, S.
name: Russo, S.
name: Yamamoto, M.
name: Skourski, Y.
name: Wosnitza, J.
name: Tarucha, S.
name: Eroms, J.
name: Strunk, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report markedly different transport properties of ABA- and ABC-stacked trilayer graphenes. Our experiments in double-gated trilayer devices provide evidence that a perpendicular electric field opens an energy gap in the ABC trilayer, while it causes the increase of a band overlap in the ABA trilayer. In a perpendicular magnetic field, the ABA trilayer develops quantum Hall plateaus at filling factors of ν= 2, 4, 6... with a step of Δν= 2, whereas the inversion symmetric ABC trilayer exhibits plateaus at ν= 6 and 10 with 4-fold spin and valley degeneracy.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
On the radiative equilibrium of irradiated planetary atmospheres
Creators: name: Guillot, Tristan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of stars and planets is mostly controlled by the properties of their atmosphere. This is particularly true in the case of exoplanets close to their stars, for which one has to account both for an (often intense) irradiation flux, and from an intrinsic flux responsible for the progressive loss of the inner planetary heat. The goals of the present work are to help understanding the coupling between radiative transfer and advection in exoplanetary atmospheres and to provide constraints on the temperatures of the deep atmospheres. This is crucial in assessing whether modifying assumed opacity sources and/or heat transport may explain the inflated sizes of a significant number of giant exoplanets found so far. I use a simple analytical approach inspired by Eddington's approximation for stellar atmospheres to derive a relation between temperature and optical depth valid for plane-parallel static grey atmospheres which are both transporting an intrinsic heat flux and receiving an outer radiation flux. The model is parameterized as a function of mean visible and thermal opacities, respectively. The model is shown to reproduce relatively well temperature profiles obtained from more sophisticated radiative transfer calculations of exoplanetary atmospheres. It naturally explains why a temperature inversion (stratosphere) appears when the opacity in the optical becomes significant compared to that in the infrared. I further show that the mean equivalent flux (proportional to T^4) is conserved in the presence of horizontal advection on constant optical depth levels. This implies with these hypotheses that the deep atmospheric temperature used as outer boundary for the evolution models should be calculated from models pertaining to the entire planetary atmosphere, not from ones that are relevant to the day side or to the substellar point. In these conditions, present-day models yield deep temperatures that are ~1000K too cold to explain the present size of planet HD 209458b. An tenfold increase in the infrared to visible opacity ratio would be required to slow the planetary cooling and contraction sufficiently to explain its size. However, the mean equivalent flux is not conserved anymore in the presence of opacity variations, or in the case of non-radiative vertical transport of energy: The presence of clouds on the night side or a downward transport of kinetic energy and its dissipation at deep levels would help making the deep atmosphere hotter and may explain the inflated sizes of giant exoplanets.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
title: Ιδιότητες και χαρακτηριστικά υφασμάτων επένδυσης σκελετού μικρών αεροσκαφών
title: Properties and characteristics of small aircraft frame lining fabrics
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ζαφείρη, Χαρούλα
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Υπερϋδροφοβικότητα
Υπερ-φιλικότητα
Επικαλυμμένα υφάσματα
Αεροδιαστημική
Ατμοσφαιρική αντοχή
Εξαιρετικά ελαφριά αεροσκάφη
Αντοχή υφασμάτων
Hyper hydrophobicity

description: Τα υφάσματα που έχουν υποστεί επεξεργασία για να απωθούν το νερό, τα υπερϋδροφοβικά και το νερό και το λάδι, τα υπεραμιφοβικά, έχουν πολλά οφέλη σε βιομηχανικό επίπεδο και σε επίπεδο καταναλωτή. Ωστόσο, το υγρό απωθητικό μειώνεται με την πάροδο του χρόνου. Αυτό οφείλεται σε μεγάλο βαθμό σε χημικές ή φυσικές αλλαγές της επικάλυψης λόγω παρατεταμένης έκθεσης σε σχετικά σκληρά περιβάλλοντα. Για να αναπτυχθούν πιο ανθεκτικές επεξεργασίες υφασμάτων για συγκεκριμένες εφαρμογές, είναι απαραίτητο να μετρηθεί ο βαθμός στον οποίο τα επεξεργασμένα υφάσματα διατηρούν τη χαμηλή διαβρεξιμότητά τους αφού υποβληθούν σε ελεγχόμενες επιθετικές περιβαλλοντικές συνθήκες. Βάση των μελετών τα επικαλυμμένα υφάσματα εμφάνισαν υπευδροφοβική συμπεριφορά ή υπεραμιφοφοβικά για εκείνα που φθορίστηκαν. Η διαβρεξιμότητα των υφασμάτων αξιολογήθηκε προοδευτικά με μετρήσεις γωνίας επαφής και κυλιόμενης γωνίας. Τα επικαλυμμένα υφάσματα μπόρεσαν να διατηρήσουν τα χαρακτηριστικά χαμηλής διαβρεξιμότητας τους μετά την έκθεση σε σύννεφα σταγονιδίων νερού σε ταχύτητες αέρα έως 120 m / s, παρά τη ζημιά στα νανοϊνώματα σιλικόνης, ορατά μέσω ηλεκτρονικής μικροσκοπικής σάρωσης.
Influence of rotational instability on the polarization structure of SrTiO3
Creators: name: Yao, Yanpeng
name: Fu, Huaxiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The k-space polarization structure and its strain response in SrTiO3 with rotational instability are studied using a combination of first-principles density functional calculations, modern theory of polarization, and analytic Wannier-function formulation. (1) As one outcome of this study, we rigorously prove-both numerically and analytically-that folding effect exists in polarization structure. (2) After eliminating the folding effect, we find that the polarization structure for SrTiO3 with rotational instability is still considerably different from that for non-rotational SrTiO3, revealing that polarization structure is sensitive to structure distortion of oxygen-octahedra rotation and promises to be an effective tool for studying material properties. (3) Furthermore, from polarization structure we determine the microscopic Wannier-function interactions in SrTiO3. These interactions are found to vary significantly with and without oxygen-octahedra rotation.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 2 of Deep learning for sensitive detection of Helicobacter Pylori in gastric biopsies
Creators: name: Klein, Sebastian
name: Gildenblat, Jacob
name: Ihle, Michaele Angelika
name: Merkelbach-Bruse, Sabine
name: Ka-Won Noh
name: Peifer, Martin
name: Quaas, Alexander
name: Büttner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. Visualization of the decisions of the applied CNN and its false detections. (A–D) Synthetic images that maximize the H. pylori category score and the non- H. pylori category score. (E–H). Visualization results that confused the network, and which falsely lead to H. pylori detection (I). For visualization of the features the network searches for, we used the approach of Simonyan et al. [19]. A noise image is inserted to the network, a specific pixel and category in the network output is set as the target, and several iterations of gradient ascent are run in order to modify the input image pixels to receive a high value in the target pixel. Using this we created examples of input images, that caused a high activation at the target pixel for each of the categories. For creating smooth image visualizations, we followed the example of Smilkov et al. and used regularization by rotations, reflections, and normalization of the gradients. We observed that images maximizing the H. pylori category contained multiple H. pylori looking like bodies, and images maximizing the H. pylori category did not have these features.
Effect of Noise on Patterns Formed by Growing Sandpiles
Creators: name: Sadhu, Tridib
name: Dhar, Deepak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider patterns generated by adding large number of sand grains at a single site in an abelian sandpile model with a periodic initial configuration, and relaxing. The patterns show proportionate growth. We study the robustness of these patterns against different types of noise, \textit{viz.}, randomness in the point of addition, disorder in the initial periodic configuration, and disorder in the connectivity of the underlying lattice. We find that the patterns show a varying degree of robustness to addition of a small amount of noise in each case. However, introducing stochasticity in the toppling rules seems to destroy the asymptotic patterns completely, even for a weak noise. We also discuss a variational formulation of the pattern selection problem in growing abelian sandpiles.
description: 15 pages,16 figures
Lo Stato italiano e la Chiesa cattolica: indipendenza, sovranità e reciproca collaborazione (a proposito dell’art. 1 Accordo di revisione concordataria)
Creators: name: Fumagalli Carulli, Ombretta
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Concordati e intese

description: Il contributo, accettato dal Direttore, riproduce il testo della Relazione tenuta presso l'Arcisodalizio della Curia Romana (Roma, Palazzo della Cancelleria, 16 gennaio 2014).
SOMMARIO: Premessa - 1. Alle radici della duplice sovranità: il dualismo cristiano - 2. La questione della sovranità della Chiesa - 3. La sana cooperatio nell’Accordo di revisione concordataria - 4. Dialettica con gli Episcopati e Ecclesia Communio - 5.Sana cooperatio e res mixtae: in particolare 8 per mille e matrimonio - 6. Nuove sfide alla sovranità della Chiesa?

Abstract

In the article the Author takes stock of the situation regarding the sana cooperatio between State and Catholic Church 30 years after revision of the Italian Concordat. After dealing with the concept of Christian dualism and its historical development, the essay pays attention to the sovereignty of Catholic Church and highlights how in last years the CEI (Italian Conference of Catholic Bishops) - in conjunction with the Holy See - has taken on particular importance in the relationship between State and Catholic Church. Then there is a comparison between two issues which have had unexpected results: the Eight per thousand and the marriage. With regard to the Eight per thousand, in consideration of the economic crisis, the Author proposes that Catholic Church may accept a temporary reduction of the sums devolved to her or may use such sums in order to strengthen the projects in favor of the common good. With regard to the marriage, in consideration of the violation of religious marriage freedom, the Author hopes for a clarification by the State or, otherwise, the adoption of the personal statutes.
description: Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2014: 27 gennaio
ARIES samples prepared for renewed SC film deposition
Creators: name: Kugerler, Oliver
name: Tikhonov, Dimitry
name: Keckert, Sebastian
name: Hryhorenko, Oleksandr
name: Longuevergne, David
name: Proslier, Thomas
name: Chyhyrynets, Eduard
name: Pira, Cristian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Proper and reproducible substrate preparation plays a crucial role for the success of the respective surface coating techniques. After optimizing the procedure for copper substrates in ARIES, the focus is shifted to niobium substrates in I.FAST. Two techniques have been developed, a plasma enhanced polishing method at INFN Legnaro and a metallographical polishing at IJCLEab/CEA. Both have been applied to QPR samples. The CEA sample was baseline-tested in the HZB-QPR and found to be of sufficient quality.
description: {"references": ["MS42"]}
Confessioni, organizzazioni filosofiche e associazioni religiose nell’Unione Europea tra speranze disilluse e problemi emergenti
Creators: name: Mazzola, Roberto
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2014
Subjects: Unione europea e Consiglio d'Europa

description: Il contributo, accettato dal Direttore, riproduce il testo integrale, corredato delle note, della relazione al Convegno Nazionale dell’ADEC sul tema “Per una disciplina che cambia. Il diritto canonico e il diritto ecclesiastico nel tempo presente” (Bologna, 7-9 novembre 2013), ed è destinato alla pubblicazione negli Atti.
SOMMARIO: 1. L’Europa bifronte. Libertà religiosa in Europa tra federalismo e nazionalismi –2. Ambiguità e contraddizioni del dialogo fra istituzioni europee, confessioni, organizzazioni filosofiche e associazioni religiose - 3. Le potenzialità insite nel Trattato di Lisbona sotto il profilo delle politiche in materia di libertà religiosa e di coscienza.
description: Stato, Chiese e pluralismo confessionale, 2014: 27 gennaio
Τεχνολογία και στρατηγικές σπουδές. Η μετάπτωση στα τεχνικά μέσα και οι επακόλουθες αλλαγές στην πληροφόρηση στον Ψυχρό Πόλεμο
Creators: name: Ζαγοριανού, Ευθυμία
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Τεχνολογία
subject: Τεχνικά μέσα
subject: Πληροφόρηση

description: Ο τομέας των στρατηγικών σπουδών, σε συνάφεια με τον ευρύτερο τομέα των διεθνών σχέσεων, μελετά κυρίως την απειλή ή/και τη χρήση βίας, σε διεθνές και εθνικό επίπεδο καθώς και τα εργαλεία άσκησης αυτών. Ο ρόλος της χρήσης της τεχνολογίας στο πεδίο των στρατηγικών σπουδών, προϊόντος του χρόνου και με την εξέλιξη της επιστήμης, αποδείχθηκε καθοριστικός. Παρατηρείται, ιστορικά, ότι κατά την περίοδο του Ψυχρού Πολέμου πραγματοποιείται αλματώδης ανάπτυξη της τεχνολογίας που εργαλειοποιείται προς εξυπηρέτηση της άμυνας και της εξωτερικής πολιτικής. Η ανάπτυξη των μέσων ξηράς και θαλάσσης υπήρξε μεγίστη, αλλά η ανάπτυξη των μέσων αέρος και διαστήματος ήταν αυτή που σηματοδότησε την αλλαγή εποχής, καθώς υπήρξε η μόνη που μπορούσε να δώσει πληροφορίες «βάθους» για ένα αντίπαλο ο οποίος βρισκόταν χιλιάδες χιλιόμετρων μακριά. Οι δυνατότητες που πλέον παρείχοντο από τα αεροδιαστημικά μέσα στην πληροφόρηση (για έγκαιρη προειδοποίηση, στρατιωτικές ικανότητες και αντίστοιχες υποδομές ενδιαφέροντος,) και στην άμυνα (αποτροπή, δύναμη πυρός) διευκόλυναν την λήψη αποφάσεων και την μετέθεσαν από το στρατιωτικό, σε υψηλό πολιτικό επίπεδο. Η ανάγκη για πληροφόρηση υπήρξε πάντοτε μεγάλη, όμως οι εκάστοτε τεχνολογικές δυνατότητες καθόριζαν το ύψος των φιλοδοξιών και των επιτευγμάτων. Στην σύγχρονη εποχή η αεροδιαστημική τεχνολογία, καθίσταται σημαντικό και απαραίτητο εργαλείο της διαδικασίας λήψης αποφάσεων, ιδίως για περιοχές στις οποίες δεν υπάρχει πρόσβαση με άλλο μέσο. Εξ αυτού, προκύπτουν και οι τεράστιες διαστάσεις που έχει λάβει η χρήση της σχετικής τεχνολογίας, καταρχήν από τις αρμόδιες υπηρεσίες πληροφόρησης (πχ. CIA στις ΗΠΑ, KGB στην ΕΣΣΔ). Στην παρούσα Μελέτη, εξετάζεται η μετάπτωση από τις ανθρώπινες πηγές στα τεχνικά μέσα συλλογής πληροφοριών και οι επακόλουθες αλλαγές στην πληροφόρηση στο ιστορικό περιβάλλον του Ψυχρού Πολέμου.
The Little Rip
Creators: name: Frampton, Paul H.
name: Ludwick, Kevin J.
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine models in which the dark energy density increases with time (so that the equation-of-state parameter w satisfies w < -1), but w approaches -1 asymptotically, such that there is no future singularity. We refine previous calculations to determine the conditions necessary to produce this evolution. Such models can display arbitrarily rapid expansion in the near future, leading to the destruction of all bound structures (a "little rip"). We determine observational constraints on these models and calculate the point at which the disintegration of bound structures occurs. For the same present-day value of w, a big rip with constant w disintegrates bound structures earlier than a little rip.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Prediction of brain tumor recurrence location based on multi-modal fusion and nonlinear correlation learning
Creators: name: Zhou, Tongxue
name: Noeuveglise, Alexandra
name: Modzelewski, Romain
name: Ghazouani, Fethi
name: Thureau, Sébastien
name: Fontanilles, Maxime
name: Ruan, Su
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Brain tumor is one of the leading causes of cancer death. The high-grade brain tumors are easier to recurrent even after standard treatment. Therefore, developing a method to predict brain tumor recurrence location plays an important role in the treatment planning and it can potentially prolong patient's survival time. There is still little work to deal with this issue. In this paper, we present a deep learning-based brain tumor recurrence location prediction network. Since the dataset is usually small, we propose to use transfer learning to improve the prediction. We first train a multi-modal brain tumor segmentation network on the public dataset BraTS 2021. Then, the pre-trained encoder is transferred to our private dataset for extracting the rich semantic features. Following that, a multi-scale multi-channel feature fusion model and a nonlinear correlation learning module are developed to learn the effective features. The correlation between multi-channel features is modeled by a nonlinear equation. To measure the similarity between the distributions of original features of one modality and the estimated correlated features of another modality, we propose to use Kullback-Leibler divergence. Based on this divergence, a correlation loss function is designed to maximize the similarity between the two feature distributions. Finally, two decoders are constructed to jointly segment the present brain tumor and predict its future tumor recurrence location. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work that can segment the present tumor and at the same time predict future tumor recurrence location, making the treatment planning more efficient and precise. The experimental results demonstrated the effectiveness of our proposed method to predict the brain tumor recurrence location from the limited dataset.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures
Blaming in the name of our people: how attitudinal congruence conditions the effects of populist messages communicated by traditional media, politicians, and citizens
Creators: name: Hameleers, Michael
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Social Network Sites (SNSs) provide a platform for different actors to directly communicate populist ideas. Politicians and citizens can bypass elite media by directly speaking to the people via social media. Although a growing body of research has investigated the effects of populist messages, extant research has not explicitly compared how the dissemination of populism by (1) traditional media, (2) politicians, and (3) ordinary citizens can activate populist attitudes on the demand-side of the electorate. Relying on a comparative experiment in three countries (the US, UK, and the Netherlands, N = 1,096), this paper shows that the effects of populist messages on populist attitudes are contingent upon four factors: (1) the likelihood of selecting populist content in real life, (2) relative deprivation, (3) political cynicism, and (4) identification with the “ordinary people” as a source of populist ideas. There are no direct effects of populist communication by the news media, citizens, or politicians. Source cues on their own thus do not make populist communication more or less persuasive. Together, this study shows that people are most likely to be persuaded by populist messages when these messages confirm dissent, source identification, and media exposure patterns.
Diamagnetism versus Paramagnetism in charged spin-1 Bose gases
Creators: name: Jian, Xiaoling
name: Qin, Jihong
name: Gu, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been suggested that either diamagnetism or paramagnetism of Bose gases, due to the charge or spin degrees of freedom respectively, appears solely to be extraordinarily strong. We investigate magnetic properties of charged spin-1 Bose gases in external magnetic field, focusing on the competition between the diamagnetism and paramagnetism, using the Lande-factor $g$ of particles to evaluate the strength of paramagnetic effect. We propose that a gas with $g{1/2}$ always exhibits paramagnetism. Moreover, a gas with the Lande-factor in between shows a shift from paramagnetism to diamagnetism as the temperature decreases. The paramagnetic and diamagnetic contributions to the total magnetization density are also calculated in order to demonstrate some details of the competition.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Innenstadt- und zuzugsorientierte Stadtentwicklung in Görlitz. Erkenntnisse und Ableitungen aus der Projektreihe Probewohnen.
Creators: name: Projektverbund "Stadt der Zukunft auf Probe"
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Die Veröffentlichung enthält zusammengefasste Erkenntnisse und Ableitungen aus der langjährigen Projektreihe „Probewohnen“ in Görlitz. Sie stammen aus der wissenschaftlichen Begleitung der Projektreihe durch das Leibniz-Institut für ökologische Raumentwicklung und der gemeinsamen Reflektion der Erkenntnisse im Kreis der Partnerinstitutionen.
A review of the toxicology of oil in vertebrates: what we have learned following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill
Creators: name: Takeshita, Ryan
name: Bursian, Steven J.
name: Colegrove, Kathleen M.
name: Collier, Tracy K.
name: Deak, Kristina
name: Dean, Karen M.
name: De Guise, Sylvain
name: DiPinto, Lisa M.
name: Elferink, Cornelis J.
name: Esbaugh, Andrew J.
name: Griffitt, Robert J.
name: Grosell, Martin
name: Harr, Kendal E.
name: Incardona, John P.
name: Kwok, Richard K.
name: Lipton, Joshua
name: Mitchelmore, Carys L.
name: Morris, Jeffrey M.
name: Peters, Edward S.
name: Roberts, Aaron P.
name: Rowles, Teresa K.
name: Rusiecki, Jennifer A.
name: Schwacke, Lori H.
name: Smith, Cynthia R.
name: Wetzel, Dana L.
name: Ziccardi, Michael H.
name: Hall, Ailsa J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the wake of the Deepwater Horizon (DWH) oil spill, a number of government agencies, academic institutions, consultants, and nonprofit organizations conducted lab- and field-based research to understand the toxic effects of the oil. Lab testing was performed with a variety of fish, birds, turtles, and vertebrate cell lines (as well as invertebrates); field biologists conducted observations on fish, birds, turtles, and marine mammals; and epidemiologists carried out observational studies in humans. Eight years after the spill, scientists and resource managers held a workshop to summarize the similarities and differences in the effects of DWH oil on vertebrate taxa and to identify remaining gaps in our understanding of oil toxicity in wildlife and humans, building upon the cross-taxonomic synthesis initiated during the Natural Resource Damage Assessment. Across the studies, consistency was found in the types of toxic response observed in the different organisms. Impairment of stress responses and adrenal gland function, cardiotoxicity, immune system dysfunction, disruption of blood cells and their function, effects on locomotion, and oxidative damage were observed across taxa. This consistency suggests conservation in the mechanisms of action and disease pathogenesis. From a toxicological perspective, a logical progression of impacts was noted: from molecular and cellular effects that manifest as organ dysfunction, to systemic effects that compromise fitness, growth, reproductive potential, and survival. From a clinical perspective, adverse health effects from DWH oil spill exposure formed a suite of signs/symptomatic responses that at the highest doses/concentrations resulted in multi-organ system failure.
Robustness of Majorana Fermion induced Fractional Josephson Effect
Creators: name: Law, K. T.
name: Lee, Patrick A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown in previous works that the coupling between two Majorana end states in superconducting quantum wires leads to fractional Josephson effect. However, in realistic experimental conditions, multiple bands of the wires are occupied and the Majorana end states are accompanied by other fermionic end states. This raises the question concerning the robustness of fractional Josephson effect in these situations. In this work, we show that the absence of the avoided energy crossing which gives rise to the fractional Josephson effect is robust, even when the Majorana fermions are coupled with arbitrary strengths to other fermions. Moreover, we calculate the temperature dependence of the fractional Josephson current and show that it is suppressed by thermal excitations to the other fermion bound states.
description: 4+ pages, 3 figures
SamurAI: A Versatile IoT Node With Event-Driven Wake-Up and Embedded ML Acceleration
Creators: name: Miro-Panades, Ivan
name: Tain, Benoit
name: Christmann, Jean-Frederic
name: Coriat, David
name: Lemaire, Romain
name: Jany, Clement
name: Martineau, Baudouin
name: Chaix, Fabrice
name: Waltener, Guillaume
name: Pluchart, Emmanuel
name: Noel, Jean-Philippe
name: Makosiej, Adam
name: Montoya, Maxime
name: Bacles-Min, Simone
name: Briand, David
name: Philippe, Jean-Marc
name: Thonnart, Yvain
name: Valentian, Alexandre
name: Heitzmann, Frederic
name: Clermidy, Fabien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increased capabilities such as recognition and self-adaptability are now required from IoT applications. While IoT node power consumption is a major concern for these applications, cloud-based processing is becoming unsustainable due to continuous sensor or image data transmission over the wireless network. Thus optimized ML capabilities and data transfers should be integrated in the IoT node. Moreover, IoT applications are torn between sporadic data-logging and energy-hungry data processing (e.g. image classification). Thus, the versatility of the node is key in addressing this wide diversity of energy and processing needs. This paper presents SamurAI, a versatile IoT node bridging this gap in processing and in energy by leveraging two on-chip sub-systems: a low power, clock-less, event-driven Always-Responsive (AR) part and an energy-efficient On-Demand (OD) part. AR contains a 1.7MOPS event-driven, asynchronous Wake-up Controller (WuC) with a 207ns wake-up time optimized for sporadic computing, while OD combines a deep-sleep RISC-V CPU and 1.3TOPS/W Machine Learning (ML) for more complex tasks up to 36GOPS. This architecture partitioning achieves best in class versatility metrics such as peak performance to idle power ratio. On an applicative classification scenario, it demonstrates system power gains, up to 3.5x compared to cloud-based processing, and thus extended battery lifetime.
Rotation Periods of Binary Asteroids with Large Separations - Confronting the Escaping Ejecta Binaries Model with Observations
Creators: name: Polishook, D.
name: Brosch, N.
name: Prialnik, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Durda et al. (2004), using numerical models, suggested that binary asteroids with large separation, called Escaping Ejecta Binaries (EEBs), can be created by fragments ejected from a disruptive impact event. It is thought that six binary asteroids recently discovered might be EEBs because of the high separation between their components (~100 > a/Rp > ~20). However, the rotation periods of four out of the six objects measured by our group and others and presented here show that these suspected EEBs have fast rotation rates of 2.5 to 4 hours. Because of the small size of the components of these binary asteroids, linked with this fast spinning, we conclude that the rotational-fission mechanism, which is a result of the thermal YORP effect, is the most likely formation scenario. Moreover, scaling the YORP effect for these objects shows that its timescale is shorter than the estimated ages of the three relevant Hirayama families hosting these binary asteroids. Therefore, only the largest (D~19 km) suspected asteroid, (317) Roxane, could be, in fact, the only known EEB. In addition, our results confirm the triple nature of (3749) Balam by measuring mutual events on its lightcurve that match the orbital period of a nearby satellite in addition to its distant companion. Measurements of (1509) Esclangona at different apparitions show a unique shape of the lightcurve that might be explained by color variations.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables. accepted for publication in Icarus
Additional file 1 of In vivo assessment of glutamine anaplerosis into the TCA cycle in human pre-malignant and malignant clonal plasma cells
Creators: name: Gonsalves, Wilson I.
name: Jang, Jin Sung
name: Jessen, Erik
name: Hitosugi, Taro
name: Evans, Laura A.
name: Jevremovic, Dragan
name: Xuan-Mai Pettersson
name: Bush, Alexander Graham
name: Gransee, Jaimee
name: Anderson, Emilie I.
name: Shaji K. Kumar
name: K. Sreekumaran Nair
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Figure 1. Expected mass isotopomer distribution of the intermediates in the first turn of the TCA cycle as a result of glutamine anaplerosis of U-13C5-Glutamine. Each intermediate is represented by the number of carbon atoms in their molecular structure with green circle representing 13C and black circles representing 12C. Supplementary Figure 2. The percent intracellular isotopomer distribution of metabolites from the first turn of the TCA cycle in RPMI-8226 and MM1S human myeloma cell lines relative to the U-13C-glutamine enrichment in the cell culture media. Supplementary Figure 3. Relative differences in mRNA expression of SNAT1 and LAT1 between CD138 + cells from MGUS (N = 6) and MM (N = 10) patients in context of their effect on glutamine transport into the cell. Supplementary Figure 4. XY correlations of the absolute concentrations of glutamate and aspartate in the bone marrow plasma of patients with MGUS (N = 11) and MM (N = 12) utilizing GC-MS vs. LC-MS.
title: Reimagining HIV treatment promise in the rhythms of living
Creators: name: Cullen, L
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 2021

description: This research explores materialisations of treatment promise among young adults living-with HIV, and on treatment, in London, UK. The longitudinal qualitative study draws from data generated across repeat interviews with young adult participants, aged between 18 and 29 years, recruited from two inner London clinics. Guided by feminist science theory and science and technology studies, the analysis explores how treatment promise unfolds, is negotiated and experienced, in process with a situated living. Biomedical makings of promise, though affecting materialising realities, are made complicated in the immediate vitality of young-adult lives. Intervention effect is a situated accomplishment (Stengers 2005) that while making-safe is at once open and vulnerable to change, troubling assumed therapeutic securities. HIV realities and therapeutic potential are made and remade as virus, human and biomedical bodies come to hold together, and transform, in new ways (Barad 2007; Race 2014). Governing processes, while not determining, fold in and affect how biomedical promise is collectively made to matter and put to use (Barad 2007; Rhodes & Lancaster 2019a), and how affordances of treatment come to be made socially, politically and culturally relevant. Yet efforts to stabilise particular makings of promise are at once troubled, with interferences enacted in moments of quiet activism – the tentative doing-differently – of young adults’ lived worlds and relationships. Negotiations of therapeutic possibility are likewise affected by the particularity of the young-adult experience at this epidemic juncture. As past and future enfold in to the present-moment, an assumed linearity of time is disrupted (Barad 2017). Living in the ‘now’, while governed and negotiated in relation to envisioned futures (Lancaster & Rhodes 2020), is at once in process with the past – the still doing of HIV histories and memory (Barad 2017). The thesis concludes with a discussion of the risk of biomedical accomplishment eclipsing the still complex social, political and cultural negotiations at work in practices-of-living in the post-treatment era, and the imaginary commitment necessary to conceive and hold open other possible makings of HIV realities and futures.
Social capital, institutions and policy making
Creators: name: Savioli, Marco
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica
SECS-P/02 Politica economica

description: Economic processes, consisting of interactions between human beings, exploit the social capital of persons endowed with specific culture and identities. The role of institutions and policy makers is to build positive social capital and exploit it to reach their objectives. However, social capital is elusive and has several dimensions by which to interpret its multifaceted functions in economics and society. We cannot forget, furthermore, that social capital sometimes is undesirable for society, for instance when used for unethical uses. Even so, it is widely accepted that social capital has stable and positive effects.
A speckle search for the outer companion of KIC 9832227
Creators: name: Salinas, Ricardo
name: Howell, Steve B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Gemini-N/'Alopeke speckle observations of KIC 9832227, a system originally predicted to become a red nova. The diffraction limited observations do not find an outer companion between 11 and 678 AU that could be responsible for the period changes of the system.
description: RNAAS, 7,75
All the news that's fit to print? : how the global AIDS crisis is portrayed by the American news media
Creators: name: Plasencia, Alia Katherine
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: AIDS crisis
American news media
H.I.V.

description: In recent years, AIDS has become an epidemic of dire proportions, and has hit the region of sub-Saharan Africa harder than anywhere else. This thesis is intended to study the American news media, to understand how they have been portraying H.I.V., with a special focus on the differences in portrayals across regions. The thesis is a study of one year’s worth of New York Times articles about H.I.V./AIDS, beginning August 1, 2003 and ending July 31, 2004. Every article published in the New York Times during this period containing the word “H.I.V.” either in the headline or lead-in paragraph was read and coded for details such as the geographic region, focus of the article, what words were used to describe H.I.V./AIDS, and who was identified as having H.I.V./AIDS. This study found an overall lack of coverage of the issue of H.I.V./AIDS, as well as a tendency to publish articles about North America, and to portray the impoverished of the Third World as the group most likely to have H.I.V./AIDS
Additional file 1 of Deep learning for sensitive detection of Helicobacter Pylori in gastric biopsies
Creators: name: Klein, Sebastian
name: Gildenblat, Jacob
name: Ihle, Michaele Angelika
name: Merkelbach-Bruse, Sabine
name: Ka-Won Noh
name: Peifer, Martin
name: Quaas, Alexander
name: Büttner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S2. Validation and application of PCR to detect H. pylori on gastric biopsies. Representative results of the multiplex real-time PCR performed with the RIDA GENE® Helicobacter pylori assay (r-biopharma, Darmstadt, Germany). (A) Amplification of the internal control DNA. (B) Amplification of the specific sequence for H. pylori (16SrRNA). Positive control is shown in red and the non-template control in black for each channel. (C) Amplification of the specific sequence for the detection of the Clarithromycin resistance (23S rRNA). Positive control is shown in red and the non-template control in black for each channel. (D) Serial dilution (1:2) of the positive control (5000 copies/μl starting concentration). The RIDA GENE® Helicobacter pylori assay (r-biopharma, Darmstadt, Germany) can detect down to 9.8 copies/μl in an unknown sample. Shown are the fluorescence signals of the H. pylori channel (FAM/RFU). RFU: relative fluorescence units.
Estimating costs and benefits of stroke management: A population-based simulation model
Creators: name: Bayer, Steffen
name: Eom, Kirsten
name: Sivapragasam, Nirmali
name: De Silva, Deidre A.
name: Choon, Gerald
name: Koh, Huat
name: Tan, Kelvin Bryan
name: Ansah, John P.
name: Matchar, David B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The paper demonstrates how a system dynamics approach can support strategic planning of health care services and can in particular help to balance cost-effectiveness considerations with budget impact considerations when assessing a comprehensive package of stroke care interventions in Singapore. A population-level system dynamics model is used to investigate 12 intervention scenarios based on six stroke interventions (a public information campaign, thrombolysis, endovascular therapy, acute stroke unit (ASU), out-of-hospital rehabilitation, and secondary prevention). Primary outcomes included cumulative discounted costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) gained, as well as cumulative net monetary benefit by 2030. All intervention scenarios result in an increase in net monetary benefit by 2030; much of these gains were realized through improved post-acute care. Findings highlight the importance of coordination of care, and affirms the economic value of current stroke interventions.
Oscillatory dynamics for PDE models coupling bulk diffusion and dynamically active compartments : theory, numerics and applications
Creators: name: Gou, Jia
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: We formulate and investigate a relatively new modeling paradigm by which spatially segregated dynamically active units communicate with each other through a signaling molecule that diffuses in the bulk medium between active units. The modeling studies start with a simplified setting in a one-dimensional space, where two dynamically active compartments are located at boundaries of the domain and coupled through the feedback term to the local dynamics together with flux boundary conditions at the two ends. For the symmetric steady state solution, in-phase and anti-phase synchronizations are found and Hopf bifurcation boundaries are studied using a winding number approach as well as parameter continuation methods of bifurcation theory in the case of linear coupling. Numerical studies show the existence of double Hopf points in the parameter space where center manifold and normal form theory are used to reduce the dynamics into a system of amplitude equations, which predicts the configurations of the Hopf bifurcation and stability of the two modes near the double Hopf point. The system with a periodic chain of cells is studied using Floquet theory. For the case of a single active membrane bound component, rigorous spectral results for the onset of oscillatory dynamics are obtained and in the finite domain case, a weakly nonlinear theory is developed to predict the local branching behavior near the Hopf bifurcation point. A previously developed model by Gomez et al.\cite{Gomez-Marin2007} is analyzed in detail, where the phase diagrams and the Hopf frequencies at onset are provided analytically with slow-fast type of local kinetics. A coupled cell-bulk system, with small signaling compartments, is also studied in the case of a two-dimensional bounded domain using the method of asymptotic expansions. In the very large diffusion limit we reduce the PDE cell-bulk system to a finite dimensional dynamical system, which is studied both analytically and numerically. When the diffusion rate is not very large, we show the effect of spatial distribution of cells and find the dependence of the quorum sensing threshold on influx rate.
Modelling of optical traps for aerosols
Creators: name: Burnham, D. R.
name: McGloin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimental observations suggest that there are differences between the behavior of particles optically trapped in air and trapped in a liquid phase. We present a modified version of Mie Debye Spherical Aberration theory to numerically simulate such optical system in attempt to explain and predict these effects. The model incorporates Mie scattering and focussing of the trapping beam through media of stratified refractive index. Our results show a geometrical optics approach cannot correctly describe our system and that spherical aberration must be included. We successfully qualitatively explain the observed phenomena and those of other authors, before discussing the limits of our experimental techniques and methods to improve it. We draw the important conclusion that when optically trapping aerosols the system does not behave as a true `optical tweezers', varying between levitation and single beam gradient force trapping depending on particle and beam parameters.
Pair Creation in QED-Strong Pulsed Laser Fields Interacting with Electron Beams
Creators: name: Sokolov, Igor V.
name: Naumova, Natalia M.
name: Nees, John A.
name: Mourou, Gerard A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: QED-effects are known to occur in a strong laser pulse interaction with a counter-propagating electron beam, among these effects being electron-positron pair creation. We discuss the range of laser pulse intensities of J > 5*10^22 W/cm2 combined with electron beam energies of tens of GeV. In this regime multiple pairs may be generated from a single beam electron, some of the newborn particles being capable of further pair production. Radiation back-reaction prevents avalanche development and limits pair creation. The system of integro-differential kinetic equations for electrons, positrons and γ-photons is derived and solved numerically.
description: 25 pages; the short version of this paper is submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety of the extracorporeal shockwave therapy in patients with postherpetic neuralgia: study protocol of a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Chen, Lu
name: Zhou, Ruihao
name: Sun, Fuguo
name: Weng, Yan
name: Ye, Ling
name: Yang, Pingliang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Mental Health

description: Additional file 1 Standard Protocol Items: Recommendations for Interventional Trials (SPIRIT) Checklist for the protocol of a clinical trial.