cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards a Precise Measurement of Matter Clustering: Lyman-alpha Forest Data at Redshifts 2-4
Creators: name: Croft, Rupert A. C.
name: Weinberg, David H.
name: Bolte, Mike
name: Burles, Scott
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Katz, Neal
name: Kirkman, David
name: Tytler, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the filling factor, correlation function, and power spectrum of transmitted flux in a large sample of Lya forest spectra, comprised of 30 Keck HIRES spectra and 23 Keck LRIS spectra. We infer the linear matter power spectrum P(k) from the flux power spectrum P_F(k), using an improved version of the method of Croft et al. (1998) that accounts for the influence of z-space distortions, non- linearity, and thermal broadening on P_F(k). The evolution of the shape and amplitude of P(k) over the range z= 2-4 is consistent with gravitational instability, implying that non-gravitational fluctuations do not make a large contribution. Our fiducial measurement of P(k) comes from data with = 2.72. It has amplitude Delta^2(k_p)=0.74^0.20_-0.16 at wavenumber k_p=0.03 (km/s)^-1 and is well described by a power-law of index -2.43 +/- 0.06 or by a CDM-like power spectrum with shape parameter Gamma'=1.3^+0.7_-0.5*10^-3 (km/s) at z=2.72. For Omega_m=0.4, Omega_Lam=0.6, the best-fit Gamma =0.16 (h^-1mpc)^-1, in good agreement with the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, and the best-fit sigma_8=0.82 (Gamma/0.15)^-0.44. Matching the observed cluster mass function and our Delta^2(k_p) in spatially flat models requires Omega_m=0.38^+0.10_-0.08 + 2.2 (Gamma-0.15). Matching Delta^2(k_p) in COBE-normalized, flat CDM models with no tensor fluctuations requires Omega_m = (0.29 +/-0.04) n^-2.89 h_65^-1.9. The Lya forest complements other probes of P(k) by constraining a regime of redshift and lengthscale not accessible by other means, and the consistency of these inferred parameters with independent estimates provides further support for inflation, cold dark matter, and vacuum energy (abridged).
description: Revised version fixes error in normalization (now 1 sigma higher). ApJ in press Dec 10 issue, 34 pages, 23 postscript figures, emulateapj.sty
Dynamics of multiply charged ions in intense laser fields
Creators: name: Hu, S. X.
name: Keitel, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically investigate the dynamics of multiply charged hydrogenic ions in near-optical linearly polarized laser fields with intensities of order 10^16 to 10^17 W/cm^2. Depending on the charge state Z of the ion the relation of strength between laser field and ionic core changes. We find around Z=12 typical multiphoton dynamics and for Z=3 tunneling behaviour, however with clear relativistic signatures. In first order in v/c the magnetic field component of the laser field induces a Z-dependent drift in the laser propagation direction and a substantial Z-dependent angular momentum with repect to the ionic core. While spin oscillations occur already in first order in v/c as described by the Pauli equation, spin induced forces via spin orbit coupling only appear in the parameter regime where (v/c)^2 corrections are significant. In this regime for Z=12 ions we show strong splittings of resonant spectral lines due to spin-orbit coupling and substantial corrections to the conventional Stark shift due to the relativistic mass shift while those to the Darwin term are shown to be small. For smaller charges or higher laser intensities, parts of the electronic wavepacket may tunnel through the potential barrier of the ionic core, and when recombining are shown to give rise to keV harmonics in the radiation spectrum. Some parts of the wavepacket do not recombine after ionisation and we find very energetic electrons in the weakly relativistic regime of above threshold ionization.
description: submitted
title: Refugee and Asylum Seeker Rights in Europe: Gendered Crimmigration Experiences in the Dutch and Spanish Cases
Creators: name: Boland, Colleen
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Europa
subject: Migration
subject: Flüchtling
subject: Asylbewerber
subject: Geschlecht
subject: Diskriminierung
subject: Asylrecht
subject: Grundrecht
subject: Kriminalisierung
subject: 94
subject: 323
subject: 342
subject: 364
subject: 305
subject: 304.609

description: Europe faces increasing patterns of crimmigration, or the merging of criminal and migration law, discourse and practices. Refugees and asylum seekers are conflated with more general migrant populations, and are likewise subjected to these phenomena as well. As part of this, increasingly restrictive legislative and administrative policies accompany the securitization of asylum systems within the European context, working against Member State and European Union (EU) fundamental rights obligations. Moreover, the literature has identified a gap in understanding the gendered dimensions of crimmigration, as well as lack of representation of the refugee, asylum seeker or migrant perspective in this field. As such, this paper asks how refugee or asylum seeker women experience or negotiate crimmigration rhetoric, policies and practices, particularly in light of the EU fundamental rights to asylum and non-discrimination. To answer this question, it first examines the recent sociopolitical context and current literature to date addressing crimmigration and gender or intersectionality in the case studies of Member States Spain and the Netherlands, before analyzing interviews with asylum seeker women in the former and their legal advocates in the latter. To better capture the dimensions of gender and intersectional disadvantage operating outside of bounded hierarchies, it adopts a definition of crimmigration that includes all processes, norms and narratives criminalizing migrants and immigration, and a multi-scalar approach that takes into account legal pluralism. It finds that asylum seeker women and their advocates find their rights to asylum or discrimination unrealized or inaccessible, and their corresponding perceptions and behaviors have implications for the current state of rule and law in Europe.
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 30/2023
Explicit factors of some iterated resultants and discriminants
Creators: name: Busé, Laurent
name: Mourrain, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the result of applying iterative univariate resultant constructions to multivariate polynomials is analyzed. We consider the input polynomials as generic polynomials of a given degree and exhibit explicit decompositions into irreducible factors of several constructions involving two times iterated univariate resultants and discriminants over the integer universal ring of coefficients of the entry polynomials. Cases involving from two to four generic polynomials and resultants or discriminants in one of their variables are treated. The decompositions into irreducible factors we get are obtained by exploiting fundamental properties of the univariate resultants and discriminants and induction on the degree of the polynomials. As a consequence, each irreducible factor can be separately and explicitly computed in terms of a certain multivariate resultant. With this approach, we also obtain as direct corollaries some results conjectured by Collins and McCallum which correspond to the case of polynomials whose coefficients are themselves generic polynomials in other variables. Finally, a geometric interpretation of the algebraic factorization of the iterated discriminant of a single polynomial is detailled.
description: Selected for presentation at the conference MEGA 2007 (Strobl, Austria, June 25th - 29th)
On the universal structure of Higgs amplitudes mediated by heavy particles
Creators: name: Sborlini, German F. R.
name: Driencourt-Mangin, Felix
name: Rodrigo, German
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the calculation of the one-loop corrections to $H \to γγ$ and $g g \to H$ within the four-dimensional unsubtraction/loop-tree duality (FDU/LTD) approach. The fact that these corrections are both IR and UV finite is not enough to perform the computation without a proper regularization of the intermediate steps. We show how the FDU/LTD method unambiguously leads to the proper result with a pure four-dimensional representation of the loop amplitude. Moreover, this method allows us to obtain very compact expressions which share the same functional structure independently of the particles circulating the loop. Besides this, asymptotic expansions for the low and high mass regime naturally arise as a consequence of the smoothness of the integrands obtained to describe the amplitudes.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Contribution to the Proceedings of the EPS-HEP 2017 Conference
BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience-Intention Reconsideration in Wumpus World And Intentional Inference in Adolescents
Creators: name: Academia EduSoft
name: Pelta, Carlos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 170109 Personality, Abilities and Assessment
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 170112 Sensory Processes, Perception and Performance

description: AbstractAdolescence is usually described as a period of search for sensations, great impulsivity, and risky behavior. How can this circumstance affect the intentional inference of adolescents who have to reconsider their intentions after performing a task? In this article we show that adolescents who had seen a very cautious agent acting in a Classic Wumpus World (CWW) environment and who had quite reliably predicted their movements in a later round, adopted a much more risky prediction of the agent's movements when they had to reconsider some of their original intentions in a slightly modified Wumpus World environment (or MCWW-Modified Classic Wumpus World-version). This result could support the vision of adolescents as optimistic improvisers in their decisionmaking processes.
making processes.
Limit theorems for free Lévy processes
Creators: name: Arizmendi, Octavio
name: Hasebe, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 46L54, 60E07

description: We consider different limit theorems for additive and multiplicative free Lévy processes. The main results are concerned with positive and unitary multiplicative free Lévy processes at small time, showing convergence to log free stable laws for many examples. The additive case is much easier, and we establish the convergence at small or large time to free stable laws. During the investigation we found out that a log free stable law with index $1$ coincides with the Dykema-Haagerup distribution. We also consider limit theorems for positive multiplicative Boolean Lévy processes at small time, obtaining log Boolean stable laws in the limit.
description: 41 pages
Quark number scaling of hadronic $p_T$ spectra and constituent quark degree of freedom in $p$-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: Song, Jun
name: Gou, Xing-rui
name: Shao, Feng-lan
name: Liang, Zuo-Tang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the experimental data of $p_T$ spectra of identified hadrons released recently by ALICE collaboration for $p$-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=5.02$ TeV exhibit a distinct universal behavior --- the quark number scaling. We further show that the scaling is a direct consequence of quark (re-)combination mechanism of hadronization and can be regarded as a strong indication of the existence of the underlying source with constituent quark degree of freedom for the production of hadrons in $p$-Pb collisions at such high energies. We make also predictions for production of other hadrons.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
A Smarr formula for charged black holes in nonlinear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Balart, Leonardo
name: Fernando, Sharmanthie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the Smarr formula does not hold for black holes in non-linear electrodynamics. The main reason for this is the fact that the trace of the energy momentum tensor for nonlinear electrodynamics does not vanish as it is for Maxwell's electrodynamics. Starting from the Komar integral, we derived a new Smarr-type formula for spherically symmetric static electrically charged black hole solutions in nonlinear electrodynamics. We show that this general formula is in agreement with some that are obtained for black hole solutions with nonlinear electrodynamics.
description: v2: 17 pages, 3 figures, added note, four added references
title: Modelling Warm Inshore Poleward Jet in relation to HABs advection at Northwest Iberia
Creators: name: Montero, P.
name: Pazos, Y.
name: Ruiz-Villarreal, M.
name: Otero, P.
name: Torres-López, S.
Publisher: name: ASC 2006 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The advection of microplankton populations from offshore waters was cited as a possible inoculum of Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB) in Galician Rías at the end of summer related with strong downwelling situations. A warm inshore poleward plume, visible from sea surface temperature satellite images was suggested as a possible cause of the northward transport previous to the advection into the Rías. This would explain why unusual dinoflagellate blooms, for example the paralytic shellfish poisoning producer Gymnodinium catenatum, have been found (in 1986, 1990, 1995, 1998, 2005) in Portuguese coastal waters several weeks before they bloomed in the Galician molluscs production areas. However, the shortage of phytoplankton counts data offshore makes difficult the interpretation of the hydrodynamic mechanisms to explain this hypothetical HABs advection into the Galician Rías.
BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience-Assessment of the Contributions and Psychological Damages of Technology to the Education
Creators: name: Academia EduSoft
name: Behcet Öznacar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: The technology and innovations that it has provided have begun to show their effect on education too as in all other fields of life. Benefiting from the technological innovations in the field of education in developing world will increase students’ compliance to the changing life conditions. Besides that, individuals who have learnt to use technology accurately and productively during their education period will have a set of differences from other individuals in their future life thanks to technology, information and the skills that they will bring in. In this context, this research has been conducted to understand the opinions of administrators, teachers, and parents for the use of technology and to see how much the use of technology is integrated into the system in schools.
Applying Neural Networks in Optical Communication Systems: Possible Pitfalls
Creators: name: Eriksson, Tobias A.
name: Bülow, Henning
name: Leven, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We investigate the risk of overestimating the performance gain when applying neural network based receivers in systems with pseudo random bit sequences or with limited memory depths, resulting in repeated short patterns. We show that with such sequences, a large artificial gain can be obtained which comes from pattern prediction rather than predicting or compensating the studied channel/phenomena.
The Brown Dwarf Mass Function from Pixel Microlensing
Creators: name: Baltz, E. A.
name: Silk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that gravitational microlensing is a feasible technique for measuring the mass function of brown dwarf stars in distant galaxies. Microlensing surveys of the bulge of M31, and of M87 in the Virgo cluster, may provide enough events to differentiate the behaviour of the mass function of lenses below the hydrogen burning limit (though we find that M87 is a more favourable target). Such objects may provide a significant supply of baryonic dark matter, an interesting possibility for the study of galactic dynamics. Furthermore, these systems have different metallicities than the solar neighbourhood, which may affect the mass function. These considerations are relevant in the context of star formation studies.
description: 5 pages, 7 figures, using mn.sty, revised version
Enhancements of linked data expressiveness for ontologies
Creators: name: Fabbri, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The semantic web has received many contributions of researchers as ontologies which, in this context, i.e. within RDF linked data, are formalized conceptualizations that might use different protocols, such as RDFS, OWL DL and OWL FULL. In this article, we describe new expressive techniques which were found necessary after elaborating dozens of OWL ontologies for the scientific academy, the State and the civil society. They consist in: 1) stating possible uses a property might have without incurring into axioms or restrictions; 2) assigning a level of priority for an element (class, property, triple); 3) correct depiction in diagrams of relations between classes, between individuals which are imperative, and between individuals which are optional; 4) a convenient association between OWL classes and SKOS concepts. We propose specific rules to accomplish these enhancements and exemplify both its use and the difficulties that arise because these techniques are currently not established as standards to the ontology designer.
BRAIN. Broad Research in Artificial Intelligence and Neuroscience-Assessment of the Contributions and Psychological Damages of Technology to the Education
Creators: name: Academia EduSoft
name: Behcet Öznacar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: AbstractThe technology and innovations that it has provided have begun to show their effect on education too as in all other fields of life. Benefiting from the technological innovations in the field of education in developing world will increase students’ compliance to the changing life conditions. Besides that, individuals who have learnt to use technology accurately and productively during their education period will have a set of differences from other individuals in their future life thanks to technology, information and the skills that they will bring in. In this context, this research has been conducted to understand the opinions of administrators, teachers, and parents for the use of technology and to see how much the use of technology is integrated into the system in schools.
Incorporating Network Built-in Priors in Weakly-supervised Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Saleh, Fatemeh Sadat
name: Aliakbarian, Mohammad Sadegh
name: Salzmann, Mathieu
name: Petersson, Lars
name: Alvarez, Jose M.
name: Gould, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pixel-level annotations are expensive and time consuming to obtain. Hence, weak supervision using only image tags could have a significant impact in semantic segmentation. Recently, CNN-based methods have proposed to fine-tune pre-trained networks using image tags. Without additional information, this leads to poor localization accuracy. This problem, however, was alleviated by making use of objectness priors to generate foreground/background masks. Unfortunately these priors either require pixel-level annotations/bounding boxes, or still yield inaccurate object boundaries. Here, we propose a novel method to extract accurate masks from networks pre-trained for the task of object recognition, thus forgoing external objectness modules. We first show how foreground/background masks can be obtained from the activations of higher-level convolutional layers of a network. We then show how to obtain multi-class masks by the fusion of foreground/background ones with information extracted from a weakly-supervised localization network. Our experiments evidence that exploiting these masks in conjunction with a weakly-supervised training loss yields state-of-the-art tag-based weakly-supervised semantic segmentation results.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, 8 tables, Accepted in IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (IEEE TPAMI)
title: Variations in the cascading Barents Sea bottom water into the Norwegian Sea
Creators: name: Skagseth, Øystein
name: Mork, Kjell Arne
name: Loeng, Harald
Publisher: name: ASC 2006 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Based on observations variations of the bottom water in the Bear Island Channel and the faith of this water downstream in the Norwegian Sea is investigated in relation to the Atlantic Water flow into the Barents Sea. On the annual scale there is a marked seasonality both for temperature and current. The outflow of bottom water in the Bear Island Channel to the Norwegian Sea is at maximum during fall. The seasonal variation in the Atlantic Inflow is less clear except of a marked minimum in April. The bottom water in the Bear Island Channel has become markably lighter since 1990 compared to the period 1965-89, and the trace of this water in the Norwegian Sea has disappeared in terms in the T-S plane. A major cause of these variations in the bottom water in the Bear Island Channel can be linked to variations in the properties of Atlantic Water flowing into the Barents Sea less than 1 year earlier.
Proceedings Sixth Workshop on Synthesis
Creators: name: Fisman, Dana
name: Jacobs, Swen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The SYNT workshop aims to bring together researchers interested in the broad area of synthesis of computing systems. The goal is to foster the development of frontier techniques in automating the development of computing system. Contributions of interest include algorithms, complexity and decidability analysis, as well as reproducible heuristics, implemented tools, and experimental evaluation. Application domains include software, hardware, embedded, and cyber-physical systems. Computation models include functional, reactive, hybrid and timed systems. Identifying, formalizing, and evaluating synthesis in particular application domains is encouraged. The sixth iteration of the workshop took place in Heidelberg, Germany. It was co-located with the 29th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. The workshop included four contributed talks, four invited talks, and reports on the Syntax-Guided Synthesis Competition (SyGuS) and the Reactive Synthesis Competition (SYNTCOMP).
title: 03_0693
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Operations, Disturbance, and Simultaneous Measurability
Creators: name: Ozawa, Masanao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics predicts the joint probability distributions of the outcomes of simultaneous measurements of commuting observables, but the current formulation lacks the operational definition of simultaneous measurements. In order to provide foundations of joint statistics of local general measurements on entangled systems in a general theoretical framework, the question is answered as to under what condition the outputs of two measuring apparatuses satisfy the joint probability formula for simultaneous measurements of their observables. For this purpose, all the possible state changes caused by measurements of an observable are characterized and the notion of disturbance in measurement is formalized in terms of operations derived by the measuring interaction.
description: 32 pages, REVTeX
Audiovisual Analytics Vocabulary and Ontology (AAVO): initial core and example expansion
Creators: name: Fabbri, Renato
name: de Oliveira, Maria Cristina Ferreira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual Analytics might be defined as data mining assisted by interactive visual interfaces. The field has been receiving prominent consideration by researchers, developers and the industry. The literature, however, is complex because it involves multiple fields of knowledge and is considerably recent. In this article we describe an initial tentative organization of the knowledge in the field as an OWL ontology and a SKOS vocabulary. This effort might be useful in many ways that include conceptual considerations and software implementations. Within the results and discussions, we expose a core and an example expansion of the conceptualization, and incorporate design issues that enhance the expressive power of the abstraction.
description: Scripts in https://github.com/ttm/aavo/
title: New species in the North Sea
Creators: name: Heessen, Henk J.L.
name: Ellis, Jim R.
Publisher: name: ASC 2006 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In recent years a number of new fish and invertebrate species have been reported from the North Sea, both from research vessel surveys and from commercial catches. At the same time the abundance of some more southerly fish species has increased, and in the case of the striped red mullet (Mullus surmuletus) and sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax), even a directed fishery has developed. Other species are now found in much higher numbers than some decades ago.
Quantum Amplitude Amplification and Estimation
Creators: name: Brassard, Gilles
name: Hoyer, Peter
name: Mosca, Michele
name: Tapp, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a Boolean function $χ: X \to \{0,1\}$ that partitions set $X$ between its good and bad elements, where $x$ is good if $χ(x)=1$ and bad otherwise. Consider also a quantum algorithm $\mathcal A$ such that $A |0\rangle= \sum_{x\in X} α_x |x\rangle$ is a quantum superposition of the elements of $X$, and let $a$ denote the probability that a good element is produced if $A |0\rangle$ is measured. If we repeat the process of running $A$, measuring the output, and using $χ$ to check the validity of the result, we shall expect to repeat $1/a$ times on the average before a solution is found. *Amplitude amplification* is a process that allows to find a good $x$ after an expected number of applications of $A$ and its inverse which is proportional to $1/\sqrt{a}$, assuming algorithm $A$ makes no measurements. This is a generalization of Grover's searching algorithm in which $A$ was restricted to producing an equal superposition of all members of $X$ and we had a promise that a single $x$ existed such that $χ(x)=1$. Our algorithm works whether or not the value of $a$ is known ahead of time. In case the value of $a$ is known, we can find a good $x$ after a number of applications of $A$ and its inverse which is proportional to $1/\sqrt{a}$ even in the worst case. We show that this quadratic speedup can also be obtained for a large family of search problems for which good classical heuristics exist. Finally, as our main result, we combine ideas from Grover's and Shor's quantum algorithms to perform amplitude estimation, a process that allows to estimate the value of $a$. We apply amplitude estimation to the problem of *approximate counting*, in which we wish to estimate the number of $x\in X$ such that $χ(x)=1$. We obtain optimal quantum algorithms in a variety of settings.
description: 32 pages, no figures
Tunable-filter imaging of quasar fields at z~1. I. A cluster around MRC B0450-221
Creators: name: Baker, Joanne C.
name: Hunstead, Richard W.
name: Bremer, Malcolm N.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Athreya, Ramana M.
name: Barr, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of multicolour broad- and narrow-band imaging techniques and follow-up spectroscopy, we have detected an overdensity of galaxies in the field of quasar MRC B0450-221, whose properties are consistent with a cluster at the quasar redshift z=0.9. An excess of red galaxies (V-I>2.2, I-K'>3.8) is evident within 1' of the quasar, with the colours expected for galaxies at z=0.9 that have evolved passively for 3 Gyr or more. A number of line-emitting galaxies (nine candidates with equivalent widths EW>70A) are also detected in the field using the TAURUS Tunable Filter (TTF). Three have been confirmed spectroscopically to indeed lie at z=0.9. The TTF candidates with the strongest [O II] line emission cluster in a group which lies 200-700 kpc away from the quasar and the red galaxy excess, and therefore most likely on the outskirts of the cluster. These observations are the first in a series probing quasar environments at z~1 with TTF.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 25 pages, 24 figs (large files in jpg or gif format), uses emulateapj.sty
A strong negative correlation between radio loudness $R_{\rm UV}$ and optical-to-X-ray spectral index $α_{\rm ox}$ in low-luminosity AGNs
Creators: name: Li, Shuang-Liang
name: Xie, Fu-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been argued for years that the accretion mode changes from bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to low-luminosity AGNs (LLAGNs) at a rough dividing point of bolometric Eddington ratio $λ\sim 10^{-2}$. In this work, we strengthen this scenario through investigation of the relationship between the radio loudness $R_{\rm UV}$ and the optical-to-X-ray spectral index $α_{\rm ox}$ in LLAGNs with $10^{-6} \lesssim λ\lesssim 10^{-3}$. We compile from literature a sample of 32 LLAGNs, consisting 18 LINERs and 14 low Eddington ratio Seyfert galaxies, and observe a strong negative $R_{\rm UV}$--$α_{\rm ox}$ relationship, with large scatter in both $R_{\rm UV}$ and $α_{\rm ox}$. We further demonstrate that this negative correlation, and the additional two negative relationships reported in literature ($R_{\rm UV}$--$λ$ and $α_{\rm ox}$--$λ$ correlations), can be understood consistently and comprehensively under the truncated accretion--jet model, the model that has been applied successfully applied to LLAGNs. We argue that the scatter in the observations are (mainly) due to the spread in the viscosity parameter $α$ of a hot accretion flow, a parameter that potentially can serve as a diagnose of the strength and/or configuration of magnetic fields in accretion flows.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Accepted by MNRAS
Embedding Patient Information In Medical Images Using LBP and LTP
Creators: name: C Nagaraju
name: S S ParthaSarathy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In this paper a new efficient interleaving methodology in which patient textual information is embedded in medical images considering Magnetic Resonance Image, Ultrasonic image and CT images of that patient body. The main disadvantages in traditional techniques to Embed patient information in medical images is inability to withstand attacks and Bit Error Rate (BER) when maximum number of characters to be embedded are absent in proposed algorithm. The New robust Embedding Techniques, Local Binary Pattern (LBP) and Local Ternary Pattern (LTP) are used to embed the patient information in medical images. LBP Technique is mainly used to provide the security for the patient information. Along with the security high volume of patient information can be embedded inside the medical image using LTP technique. Statistical parameters such as Normalized Root Mean Square Error, PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio) are used to measure the reliability of the present technique. Experimental results strongly indicate that the present technique with zero BER (Bit Error Rate), higher PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), and high volume of data embedding capacity achieved using LTP as compared with the other data embedding techniques. This technique is found to be robust and watermark information is recoverable without distortion.
A Generative Model for Score Normalization in Speaker Recognition
Creators: name: Swart, Albert
name: Brummer, Niko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We propose a theoretical framework for thinking about score normalization, which confirms that normalization is not needed under (admittedly fragile) ideal conditions. If, however, these conditions are not met, e.g. under data-set shift between training and runtime, our theory reveals dependencies between scores that could be exploited by strategies such as score normalization. Indeed, it has been demonstrated over and over experimentally, that various ad-hoc score normalization recipes do work. We present a first attempt at using probability theory to design a generative score-space normalization model which gives similar improvements to ZT-norm on the text-dependent RSR 2015 database.
title: Modelling cyanobacteria bloom variability in the Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Neumann, Thomas
name: Janssen, F.
name: Schernewski, G.
Publisher: name: ASC 2006 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Technologies and data
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Common features of the Baltic Sea are heavy cyanobacteria blooms in sum-mer. Although these blooms regularly occur the intensity of the blooms changes from year to year as well as within decadal time scales. With the aid of a 3D ecosystem model of the Baltic Sea we have simulated cyanobacteria development under different conditions. We found out that an-thropogenic changes in nutrient loads and the atmospheric forcing in the winter season influence the strength of cyanobacteria blooms. Both mechanisms regu-late the available excess phosphate (with respect to the Redfield-ratio) and with it the precondition for cyanobacteria blooms.
Existential Contextuality and the Models of Meyer, Kent and Clifton
Creators: name: Appleby, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the models recently proposed by Meyer, Kent and Clifton (MKC) exhibit a novel kind of contextuality, which we term existential contextuality. In this phenomenon it is not simply the pre-existing value but the actual existence of an observable which is context dependent. This result confirms the point made elsewhere, that the MKC models do not, as the authors claim, ``nullify'' the Kochen-Specker theorem. It may also be of some independent interest.
description: Revtex, 7 pages, 1 figure. Replaced with published version
A Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope
Creators: name: Devlin, Mark J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation of sub-orbital platforms will be operational in the next few years. These new telescopes will operate from airborne and balloon-borne platforms where the atmosphere is transparent enough to allow sensitive measurements to be made in the submillimeter bands. The telescopes will take advantage of state-of-the-art instrumentation including large format bolometer arrays and spectrometers. Other papers in this volume will deal specifically with the potential of these bands. In this paper will review the capabilities the BLAST balloon-borne telescope.
description: 7 pages, 7 Postscript figures
Pokémon Go: Impact on Yelp Restaurant Reviews
Creators: name: Kondamudi, Pavan Ravikanth
name: Protono, Bradley
name: Alhoori, Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Pokémon Go, the popular Augmented Reality based mobile application, launched in July of 2016. The game's meteoric rise in usage since that time has had an impact on not just the mobile gaming industry, but also the physical activity of players, where they travel, where they spend their money, and possibly how they interact with other social media applications. In this paper, we studied the impact of Pokémon Go on Yelp reviews. For restaurants near PokéStops, we found a slight drop in the number of online reviews.
title: Evidence of niche segregation between mesopelagic fishes (Myctophidae and Gonostomatidae) and larval and juvenile Japanese anchovy from their gut contents and the diurnal vertical migration of prey zooplankton
Creators: name: Kubota, Hiroshi
name: Oozeki, Y.
name: Kimura, R.
Publisher: name: ASC 2006 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Food competition with mesopelagic fishes has been assumed to affect survival during early life stages of pelagic fish in Kuroshio-Oyashio Transition Zone (KOTZ) of the western North Pacific. The gut content of dominant larval and juvenile fishes (Japanese anchovy Engraulis japonicus and 8 mesopelagic species) was analyzed from samples caught by a frame trawl (MOHT, 5 m2 opening, 1.59 mm square mesh size) in KOTZ during 2001 and 2002. Feeding habits were compared by the volumetric ratio and body width frequency of items found in the gut, and both of them were considerably different between anchovy and mesopelagic fishes. Larval and juvenile anchovy fed mainly on copepods smaller than 0.4 mm in body width, while prey found in the gut content of mesopelagic fishes showed greater size varablility. Day/night differences in vertical distribution of prey copepods were also analyzed. Small copepods (< 0.4 mm in body width) had similar vertical distribution patterns throughout the day, while large copepods (> 0.4 mm) had considerably different patterns. The density of large copepods was 20-fold higher during nighttime than during daytime in the surface 30 m. It was suggested that mesopelagic fishes migrate and forage in the surface layer during nighttime, and possibly feed selectively on large mesopelagic zooplankton concurrently migrating into the surface layer. On the other hand, anchovy feed during daytime, but the low daytime density of large zooplankton in the surface layer does not allow selective feeding.
A Large-Scale Jet and FR I Radio Source in a Spiral Galaxy: The Host Properties and External Environment
Creators: name: Ledlow, Michael J.
name: Owen, Frazer N.
name: Yun, Min S.
name: Hill, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have identified a large (~200 kpc), powerful double radio source whose host galaxy is clearly a disk and most likely a spiral. This FR I radio galaxy is located very near the center of the RC 0 cluster Abell 428. The existence of such an object violates a fundamental paradigm for radio loud AGN. In paper I, we showed that this object was most likely a spiral host with optical line ratios and colors consistent with an AGN. In this paper, we present new, higher resolution radio imaging, a radio/mm continuum spectrum for the nucleus, a detection of HI absorption against the bright radio core, an upper-limit to CO and the gas mass, and 70 optical redshifts. We confirm the existence of a radio jet at 20cm extending 42 kpc into the southern lobe. At 3.6cm, we also detect a nuclear jet similar in length to that in M87 but 10 times weaker. We believe that this is the first detection of a radio jet on these scales in a disk or spiral host galaxy. The nuclear radio spectrum is similar to many blazar or QSO like objects, suggesting that the galaxy harbors an imbedded and obscured AGN. We model a turnover in the spectrum at low frequencies as Free-Free absorption. We detect very strong and narrow HI absorption with nearly the entire 20 cm core continuum absorbed, implying an unusually large optical depth (tau~1). We suggest that the nucleus is seen through a disk-like distribution of ISM gas, possibly through a spiral arm or a warp to account for the high column density. From the radial velocities, we find that A428 is in fact made up of at least 2 clumps of galaxies separated by 3300 km/s, which are imbedded in a nearly continuous distribution of galaxies over 13000 km/s in velocity. Thus, the environment resembles a poor group within a filament viewed end-on.
description: 21 pages, 9 Figures, 2 Tables; to appear in ApJ
Optically Driven Qubits in Artificial Molecules
Creators: name: Oh, J. H.
name: Ahn, D.
name: Hwang, S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel models of quantum gates based on coupled quantum dots in which a qubit is regarded as the superposition of ground states in each dot. Coherent control on the qubit is performed by both a frequency and a polarization of a monochromatic light pulse illuminated on the quantum dots. We also show that a simple combination of two single qubit gates functions as a controlled NOT gate resulting from an electron-electron interaction. To examine the decoherence of quantum states, we discuss electronic relaxation contributed mainly by LA phonon processes.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, submitted to Physical Review A
The Pauli Equation for Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Mancini, S.
name: Man'ko, O. V.
name: Man'ko, V. I.
name: Tombesi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "marginal" distributions for measurable coordinate and spin projection is introduced. Then, the analog of the Pauli equation for spin-1/2 particle is obtained for such probability distributions instead of the usual wave functions. That allows a classical-like approach to quantum mechanics. Some illuminating examples are presented.
description: 14 pages, ReVTeX
Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopy of a Nonradiative Shock in the Cygnus Loop: Implications for the Postshock Electron-Ion Equilibration
Creators: name: Ghavamian, Parviz
name: Raymond, John C.
name: Blair, William P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present far ultraviolet spectra of a fast (~ 300 km/s) nonradiative shock in the Cygnus Loop supernova remnant. Our observations were performed with the Far Ultraviolet Spectroscopic Explorer (FUSE) satellite, covering the wavelength range 905-1187 Angstroms. The purpose of these observations was to estimate the degree of electron-ion equilibration by (1) examining the variation of O VI 1032, 1038 intensity with position behind the shock, and (2) measuring the widths of the O VI lines. We find significant absorption near the center of the O VI 1032 line, with less absorption in O VI 1038. The absorption equivalent widths imply an O VI column density greatly exceeding that of interstellar O VI along the Cygnus Loop line of sight. We suggest that the absorption may be due to resonant scattering by O VI ions within the shock itself. The widths of the O VI emission lines imply efficient ion-ion equilibration, in agreement with predictions from Balmer-dominated spectra of this shock.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, text of poster paper presented at the 11th Annual Astrophysics Conference in Maryland, to appear in Young Supernova Remnants, ed. by S. S. Holt and U. Hwang (AIP)