cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A DYNAMIC INVESTMENT MODEL FOR TREE CROP AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Ajobo, Owolabi
name: Ajobo, Owolabi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The objective of this paper is to develop a dynamic model that may be useful in the analysis of investment in long term tree crop agriculture. The model is based on linear programming as modified by fixed assets theory. The starting point is the Heady-Loftsgard dynamic linear programming model restated in a stochastic form and imbedded in a decision theoretic construct to give a stochastic mixed integer programming model. The paper goes into a discussion of problems associated with agricultural data collection in Nigeria-on the conviction that specific use of any model can only come after the data problem has been reasonably solved.
Use of Aspect, part 2
Creators: name: Beck, Ethel
name: Manker, Jonathan
name: Ridley, Ruth
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: haa
subject: Han language

description: Han_RR_EB_07122014_10: finishing up imperfectives and habituals, then perfectives and punctual vs. durative aspect, ‘laugh,’ ‘made,’ ‘arrive,’ ‘cough’. Han_RR_EB_07122014_11: more habituals (used to do X, but no longer); use of the future tense. Han_RR_EB_07122014_12: immediate future (about to do X) and uses of the optative (should do X); starting on purpose clauses.
Hydrodynamic attractor and novel fixed points in superfluid Bjorken flow
Creators: name: Mitra, Toshali
name: Mukhopadhyay, Ayan
name: Soloviev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extending the quantum effective approach of Son and Nicolis and incorporating dissipation, we develop a MIS formalism for describing a superfluid out of equilibrium by including the Goldstone boson and the condensate together with the hydrodynamic modes as the effective degrees of freedom. We find that the evolution of the superfluid undergoing Bjorken flow is governed by the conventional hydrodynamic attractor with unbroken symmetry and an even number of novel non-dissipative fixed points with broken symmetry. If the initial temperature is super-critical, then the condensate becomes exponentially small very rapidly and the system is trapped by the hydrodynamic attractor for a long intermediate time before it reheats rapidly and switches to one of the symmetry-breaking fixed points eventually. Finally, we show that the fixed points are unstable against inhomogeneous perturbations that should lead to spinodal decomposition. We conclude that these features should be generic beyond the MIS formalism.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures; version accepted for publication
SUPPLY EQUATIONS OF CEREALS FOR NORTH AFRICA, ETHIOPIA, KENYA, NIGERIA AND SOUTH AFRICA
Creators: name: Dimandja, Lotanga Onyumbe
name: Dimandja, Lotanga Onyumbe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1977
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The need for this study stems from the problems of grain shortage in these parts of the world. The regions included in this study are: North Africa (Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, United Arab Republic and Sudan), Ethiopia, Kenya, Nigeria, and the Republic of South Africa. The North Africa region was chosen to conform with previous analysis which was done on the demand side in a project of the Department of Agricultural Economics of Michigan State University. Other countries were also included in order to make the analysis comparable to the demand study. The methodology was basically determined by the data available. Therefore, an analysis on existing time series data was undertaken. It is not the purpose here to examine specific policies, but rather to study the general principles and factors considered of primary importance in the supply of cereals. More specifically, the purposes of this study are: 1) to examine some important economic variables that affect the supply of cereals for these regions; and 2) to generate projections of cereals production based upon supply equations derived in the analysis. At this stage, however, the results of the analysis are not complete and may not provide sufficient background to establish policies, since the analysis is restricted to the supply and the data is crude. Furthermore, the fact that our projections (especially for North Africa and Nigeria) involve data collected during the Middle East and Civil wars respectively, suggests that these projections may be unduly affected by unusual events in the period of analysis.
The Determinants of Participation in Land Use-Related Education and Training: A Case Study of the State of Michigan
Creators: name: Cullen, Anne E.
name: Cullen, Anne E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: In recent years, numerous policy makers and educators in Michigan have advocated increasing participation of land use planning officials in land use-related education and training. The Michigan Land Use Leadership Council, commissioned by Governor Granholm, recommended that 60% of planning and zoning officials complete basic land use planning, zoning, and smart growth educational programs by 2010. However, while demographic information has been gathered on planning officials, little empirical research has been conducted on the determinants of participating in land use education and training. This paper uses regression analysis to estimate and interpret a demand function for participation in land use-related education and training. Results indicate willingness to participate in land use-related training is a function of education, perceived benefit, and length in service. These findings have important programmatic and policy implications. Training programs should be geared towards those planning officials who are beginning to serve. Educators should focus on promoting and educating communities and planning officials on the potential benefits of land use-related training.
The polar precursor method for solar cycle prediction: comparison of predictors and their temporal range
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Nagy, Melinda
name: Lemerle, Alexandre
name: Karak, Bidya Binay
name: Petrovay, Kristof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polar precursor method is widely considered to be the most robust physically motivated method to predict the amplitude of an upcoming solar cycle.It uses indicators of the magnetic field concentrated near the poles around sunspot minimum. Here, we present an extensive performance analysis of various such predictors, based on both observational data (WSO magnetograms, MWO polar faculae counts and Pulkovo $A(t)$ index) and outputs (polar cap magnetic flux and global dipole moment) of various existing flux transport dynamo models.We calculate Pearson correlation coefficients ($r$) of the predictors with the next cycle amplitude as a function of time measured from several solar cycle landmarks: setting $r= 0.8$ as a lower limit for acceptable predictions, we find that observations and models alike indicate that the earliest time when the polar predictor can be safely used is 4 years after polar field reversal. This is typically 2--3 years before solar minimum and about 7~years before the predicted maximum, considerably extending the {usual} temporal scope of the polar precursor method. Re-evaluating the predictors another 3 years later, at the time of solar minimum, further increases the correlation level to $r\ga 0.9$. As an illustration of the result, we determine the predicted amplitude of Cycle 25 based on the value of the WSO polar field at the now official minimum date of December 2019 as $126\pm 3$. A forecast based on the value in early 2017, 4~years after polar reversal would have only differed from this final prediction by $3.1\pm 14.7$\%.
description: Accepted in ApJ; 13 pages,7 figures
Solitary wave solutions of the short pulse equation
Creators: name: Sakovich, Anton
name: Sakovich, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An exact nonsingular solitary wave solution of the Schafer-Wayne short pulse equation is derived from the breather solution of the sine-Gordon equation by means of a transformation between these two integrable equations.
description: 7 pages, 14 figures
Die orthodoxe Mitarbeit in der ökumenischen Bewegung (1948-1978)
Creators: name: Stauridēs, Basileios Th.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 3
Difficulty of detecting minihalos via $γ$-rays from dark matter annihilation
Creators: name: Pieri, Lidia
name: Branchini, Enzo
name: Hofmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical calculations and recent numerical experiments have shown that a sizable of the mass in our Galaxy is in a form of clumpy, virialized substructures that, according to \cite{dms:05}, can be as light as $10^{-6} \msun$. In this work we estimate the gamma-rays flux expected from dark matter annihilation occurring within these minihalos, under the hypothesis that the bulk of dark matter is composed by neutralinos. We generate mock sky maps showing the angular distribution of the expected gamma-ray signal. We compare them with the sensitivities of satellite-borne experiments such as GLAST and find that a possible detection of minihalos is indeed very challenging.
description: 4 pages, four color figures. Version published on PRL
THE IMPACT OF ALTERNATIVE SETTLEMENT PATTERNS ON HOUSEHOLD ENERGY CONSUMPTION: AN APPLICATION TO THE LANSING, MICHIGAN METROPOLITAN AREA
Creators: name: Munsell, William E.
name: Munsell, William E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1980
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: During the last several years there has been significant development in the energy situation. The present shortages and the resultant problems were not widely anticipated by the American public nor its elected leaders. Recognition of the current and possible future impacts of the energy shortage upon personal lifestyles and community structure is spreading, however, as individuals, businesses, and whole communities increasingly become directly affected by the present shortage. The results of ongoing public and private efforts to solve this shortage at the national and international levels will clearly be the primary determinants of how long the present shortage lasts, and of how severe it becomes. These efforts to a large extent have in the past primarily addressed the supply side of our energy problem. They have attempted to find ways to continue the flow of cheap energy that our society has been built on. Unfortunately, at this time it is impossible to predict with much reliability the actual outcome and the effects of these efforts. More recently, many people familiar with the energy situation have come to the realization that our energy problem does not lie exclusively on the supply side, but results also from the demand side. That is, present rates of growth of energy consumption can effectively hamper any efforts to solve the energy shortage from the supply side. The reasoning behind this is that the type and quantity of energy presently being demanded puts constraints on the ability of alternate energy systems to meet our energy needs. These constraints stem from the practice of using high quality energy to do tasks that only call for a low quality energy input, and from the need for these alternate energy systems to grow very quickly to keep up with increasing demand. In consideration of these issues, this paper will focus on one aspect of the demand for energy and the means of managing this demand so that supply efforts are less hampered. The purpose of this paper is not to undertake any new research, but rather to take what is known, outline how it can be applied, and how the results can be presented in a form which is meaningful to decision makers. It is thought that the results of such a study could prove to be useful in providing one basis by which the reasonableness of public decision making is measured. As such it is meant to be an extension document: while the particular results are not thought to be generalizable to other Michigan communities, the process by which these results were formulated can be easily done in other settings.
GPU-accelerated machine learning inference as a service for computing in neutrino experiments
Creators: name: Wang, Michael
name: Yang, Tingjun
name: Flechas, Maria Acosta
name: Harris, Philip
name: Hawks, Benjamin
name: Holzman, Burt
name: Knoepfel, Kyle
name: Krupa, Jeffrey
name: Pedro, Kevin
name: Tran, Nhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning algorithms are becoming increasingly prevalent and performant in the reconstruction of events in accelerator-based neutrino experiments. These sophisticated algorithms can be computationally expensive. At the same time, the data volumes of such experiments are rapidly increasing. The demand to process billions of neutrino events with many machine learning algorithm inferences creates a computing challenge. We explore a computing model in which heterogeneous computing with GPU coprocessors is made available as a web service. The coprocessors can be efficiently and elastically deployed to provide the right amount of computing for a given processing task. With our approach, Services for Optimized Network Inference on Coprocessors (SONIC), we integrate GPU acceleration specifically for the ProtoDUNE-SP reconstruction chain without disrupting the native computing workflow. With our integrated framework, we accelerate the most time-consuming task, track and particle shower hit identification, by a factor of 17. This results in a factor of 2.7 reduction in the total processing time when compared with CPU-only production. For this particular task, only 1 GPU is required for every 68 CPU threads, providing a cost-effective solution.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
Storybuilder #1 & #2
Creators: name: Manker, Jonathan
name: Ridley, Ruth
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: haa
subject: Han language

description: Han_RR_07112014_7: Ruth Ridley Storybuilder story #1. Han_RR_07112014_8: Ruth Ridley Storybuilder story #1 transcription (robbers come in and don’t steal anything); at 13:50 tells story #2 in Han. Han_RR_07112014_9 (19:00): Ruth Ridley story #2 (man boasts and is stabbed) transcription.
Isospin-violating nucleon-nucleon forces using the method of unitary transformation
Creators: name: Epelbaum, E.
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we have derived the leading and subleading isospin-breaking three-nucleon forces using the method of unitary transformation. In the present work we extend this analysis and consider the corresponding two-nucleon forces using the same approach. Certain contributions to the isospin-violating one- and two-pion-exchange potential have already been discussed by various groups within the effective field theory framework. Our findings agree with the previously obtained results. In addition, we present the expressions for the subleading charge-symmetry-breaking two-pion exchange potential which were not considered before. These corrections turn out to be numerically important. Together with the three-nucleon force results presented in our previous work, the results of the present study specify completely isospin-violating nuclear forces up to the order $q^5/Λ^5$, where $q$ ($Λ$) denotes the soft (hard) scale.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures
Multi-copy adaptive local discrimination: Strongest possible two-qubit nonlocal bases
Creators: name: Banik, Manik
name: Guha, Tamal
name: Alimuddin, Mir
name: Kar, Guruprasad
name: Halder, Saronath
name: Bhattacharya, Some Sankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ensembles of composite quantum states can exhibit nonlocal behaviour in the sense that their optimal discrimination may require global operations. Such an ensemble containing N pairwise orthogonal pure states, however, can always be perfectly distinguished under adaptive local scheme if (N-1) copies of the state are available. In this letter, we provide examples of orthonormal bases in two-qubit Hilbert space whose adaptive discrimination require 3 copies of the state. For this composite system we analyze multi-copy adaptive local distinguishability of orthogonal ensembles in full generality which in turn assigns varying nonlocal strength to different such ensembles. We also come up with ensembles whose discrimination under adaptive separable scheme require less number of copies than adaptive local schemes. Our construction finds important application in multipartite secret sharing tasks and indicates towards an intriguing super-additivity phenomenon for locally accessible information.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Letters
Public or Private Monopoly?
Creators: name: Quiggin, John C.
name: Quiggin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Almost all aspects of the current policy debate over grain handling, transport and marketing turn on the problem of monopoly. The essential problem is that, in the presence of extensive scale economies, the perfectly competitive market of the textbooks cannot be sustained. Policy makers are left with three broad alternatives, each of which seems more notable for its disadvantages than its advantages. The basic choices are public monopoly, regulation and unregulated private monopoly.
Supply Response in Broadacre Agriculture
Creators: name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Fraser, L.
name: Purtill, A.
name: Hall, Nigel H.
name: Fraser, L.
name: Purtill, A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: This paper describes a mathematical programming model of broadacre agriculture in Australia and presents estimates of national and regional supply responses made with it. Own-price and cross-price supply elasticities are presented for wool sheep meat, beef and crops and the results compared with those of two other major models of Australian agriculture. It is shown that long term supply responses for the commodities studied are substantially greater than unity as are cross-price elasticities in a number of cases. It is also shown that supply responses differ substantially between regions.
Some Comparisons of Recent Estimates of Agricultural Supply Elasticities for the Australian Economy
Creators: name: Adams, Philip D.
name: Adams, Philip D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: An accurate knowledge of the supply responsiveness of agricultural exporting industries is crucial if sensible judgements are to be made about diverse policy initiatives, including initiatives having no obvious connection with agriculture. In this paper we compare some recent estimates of short-run supply elasticities for agricultural commodities in the Australian economy. Our attention is focussed particularly on the different types of production technologies and econometric methods used to derive values for these elasticities.
Automated Symbolic Verification of Telegram's MTProto 2.0
Creators: name: Miculan, Marino
name: Vitacolonna, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.4; F.3.1

description: MTProto 2.0 is a suite of cryptographic protocols for instant messaging at the core of the popular Telegram messenger application. In this paper we analyse MTProto 2.0 using the symbolic verifier ProVerif. We provide fully automated proofs of the soundness of MTProto 2.0's authentication, normal chat, end-to-end encrypted chat, and rekeying mechanisms with respect to several security properties, including authentication, integrity, secrecy and perfect forward secrecy; at the same time, we discover that the rekeying protocol is vulnerable to an unknown key-share (UKS) attack. We proceed in an incremental way: each protocol is examined in isolation, relying only on the guarantees provided by the previous ones and the robustness of the basic cryptographic primitives. Our research proves the formal correctness of MTProto 2.0 w.r.t. most relevant security properties, and it can serve as a reference for implementation and analysis of clients and servers.
description: 19 pages
Co-operative Research in Agricultural Economics
Creators: name: MacAulay, T. Gordon
name: MacAulay, T. Gordon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Co-operation in research is a complex question which would seem to depend to a large extent on a number of necessary and sufficient conditions for success. In this note an attempt is made to define some of these conditions and then reflect on a few possibilities for co-operation between institutions, in particular between government departments and universities. First, however, it is necessary to provide a brief discussion of research objectives.
Die Beziehungen zwischen der römisch-katholischen Kirche und dem Ökumenischen Rat der Kirchen
Creators: name: Meeking, J. Basil
name: Meeking, Basil
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 27 Nr. 3 (1978): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 27, Heft 3
Non-equilibrium Magnetization Dynamics in the Fe_8 Single-Molecule Magnet Induced by High-Intensity Microwave Radiation
Creators: name: Bal, M.
name: Friedman, Jonathan R.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Rumberger, E. M.
name: Hendrickson, D. N.
name: Avraham, N.
name: Myasoedov, Y.
name: Shtrikman, H.
name: Zeldov, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonant microwave radiation applied to a single crystal of the molecular magnet Fe_8 induces dramatic changes in the sample's magnetization. Transitions between excited states are found even though at the nominal system temperature these levels have negligible population. We find evidence that the sample heats significantly when the resonance condition is met. In addition, heating is observed after a short pulse of intense radiation has been turned off, indicating that the spin system is out of equilibrium with the lattice.
description: Version to appear in Europhysics Letters. Minor changes and updated references
Towards an effective transboundary environmental impact assessment regime for North America
Creators: name: Sussex, James Frank
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Threats to the ecological integrity of the biosphere increasingly involve complex cause and effect relationships that transcend political boundaries. Transboundary impacts have become a growing international concern as the scale of human influence on global ecosystems expands and international trade liberalization policies accelerate regional and global economic integration. These political-economic forces are paralleled by a growing recognition that efforts to protect important ecosystem functions often suffer from jurisdictional fragmentation, lack of international cooperation, and environmental management regimes that do not result in environmentally sustainable decision-making. Therefore, the increasing stress on global ecosystems demands more effective international environmental cooperation in order to protect the integrity of transboundary ecosystems and prevent environmental disputes from escalating into international conflicts. The purpose of this thesis is to examine practical and theoretical issues associated with improving the role of EIA as a means of promoting more effective environmental decision-making in multilateral and transboundary contexts. In particular, the analysis focuses on the emerging role of transboundary EIA in the context of North America's increasingly integrated regional economy. The need to develop a more effective North American transboundary EIA regime has become a more urgent policy consideration with the enactment of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) in 1994. Therefore, this thesis seeks to define how a conceptual model for transboundary EIA can be designed, based on a comprehensive and well-structured set of objectives, that will improve transboundary environmental decision making in North America. Toward this end, a conceptual model for effective transboundary EIA is developed based on information drawn from an extensive review of relevant literature and discussions with a variety of knowledgeable analysts. The conceptual model for transboundary EIA is then compared to the draft recommendations for transboundary EIA being developed pursuant to Article 10(7) of the North American Agreement for Environmental Cooperation (NAAEC - i.e., the environmental side agreement to NAFTA). Finally, general conclusions are presented with recommendations for further research and improving the effectiveness of a North American transboundary EIA regime.
Evidence for surface cooling emission in the XMM-Newton spectrum of the X-ray pulsar PSR B2334+61
Creators: name: McGowan, Katherine E.
name: Zane, Silvia
name: Cropper, Mark
name: Vestrand, W. Thomas
name: Ho, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the first XMM-Newton observation of the Vela-like pulsar PSR B2334+61. Spectral analysis reveals soft X-ray emission, with the bulk of the photons emitted at energies below ~1.5 keV. We find that the spectrum has a thermal origin and is well-fitted with either a blackbody or a magnetized, pure H atmospheric model. In the latter case, for a neutron star with a radius of 13 km and a magnetic field of 10e13 G, the best-fit gives an hydrogen column density nH = 0.33 x 10^22 cm^-2 and an effective temperature T_eff^infinity = 0.65 x 10^6 K, as measured at Earth. A comparison of the surface temperature of PSR B2334+61 obtained from this fit with cooling curves favor a medium mass neutron star with M ~ 1.45 solar masses or M ~ 1.6 solar masses, depending on two different models of proton superfluidity in the interior. We do not detect any pulsed emission from the source, and determine an upper limit of 5% for the modulation amplitude of the emission on the pulsar's radio frequency.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
The NANOGrav 12.5-Year Data Set: Monitoring Interstellar Scattering Delays
Creators: name: Turner, Jacob E.
name: McLaughlin, Maura A.
name: Cordes, James M.
name: Lam, Michael T.
name: Shapiro-Albert, Brent J.
name: Stinebring, Daniel R.
name: Arzoumanian, Zaven
name: Blumer, Harsha
name: Brook, Paul R.
name: Chatterjee, Shami
name: Cromartie, H. Thankful
name: DeCesar, Megan E.
name: Demorest, Paul B.
name: Dolch, Timothy
name: Ellis, Justin A.
name: Ferdman, Robert D.
name: Ferrara, Elizabeth C.
name: Fonseca, Emmanuel
name: Garver-Daniels, Nathan
name: Gentile, Peter A.
name: Good, Deborah C.
name: Jones, Megan L.
name: Lazio, T. Joseph W.
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
name: Luo, Jing
name: Lynch, Ryan S.
name: Ng, Cherry
name: Nice, David J.
name: Pennucci, Timothy T.
name: Pol, Nihan S.
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Spiewak, Renee
name: Stairs, Ingrid H.
name: Stovall, Kevin
name: Swiggum, Joseph K.
name: Vigeland, Sarah J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract interstellar scintillation parameters for pulsars observed by the NANOGrav radio pulsar timing program. Dynamic spectra for the observing epochs of each pulsar were used to obtain estimates of scintillation timescales, scintillation bandwidths, and the corresponding scattering delays using a stretching algorithm to account for frequency-dependent scaling. We were able to measure scintillation bandwidths for 28 pulsars at 1500 MHz and 15 pulsars at 820 MHz. We examine scaling behavior for 17 pulsars and find power-law indices ranging from $-0.7$ to $-3.6$, though these may be biased shallow due to insufficient frequency resolution at lower frequencies. We were also able to measure scintillation timescales for six pulsars at 1500 MHz and seven pulsars at 820 MHz. There is fair agreement between our scattering delay measurements and electron-density model predictions for most pulsars. We derive interstellar scattering-based transverse velocities assuming isotropic scattering and a scattering screen halfway between the pulsar and earth. We also estimate the location of the scattering screens assuming proper motion and interstellar scattering-derived transverse velocities are equal. We find no correlations between variations in scattering delay and either variations in dispersion measure or flux density. For most pulsars for which scattering delays were measurable, we find that time of arrival uncertainties for a given epoch are larger than our scattering delay measurements, indicating that variable scattering delays are currently subdominant in our overall noise budget but are important for achieving precisions of tens of ns or less.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Solving the Helmholtz equation for membranes of arbitrary shape
Creators: name: Amore, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I calculate the modes of vibration of membranes of arbitrary shape using a collocation approach based on Little Sinc Functions. The matrix representation of the PDE obtained using this method is explicit and it does not require the calculation of integrals. To illustrate the virtues of this approach, I have considered a large number of examples,part of them taken from the literature, and part of them new. When possible, I have testedthe accuracy of these results by comparing them with the exact results (when available) or with results from the literature. In particular, in the case of the L-shaped membrane, the first example discussed in the paper, I show that it is possible to extrapolate the results obtained with different grid sizes to obtain higly precise results. Finally, I also show that the present collocation technique can be easily combined with conformal mapping to provide numerical approximations to the energies which quite rapidly converge to the exact results.
description: 32 pages, 22 figures, 6 tables
Genomic analysis of bacteriophages from non-O157 shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Tang, Shuai
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agronomy
subject: Food science
subject: Bacteriophage
subject: Genome
subject: Shiga toxin
subject: STEC

description: Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is the fiercest pathotype among all diarrheic E. coli. STEC O157:H7 has been a predominant serotype for STEC in the United States. However, an increasing number of cases of infections by STEC other than O157 have been reported in recent years. Shiga toxin (Stx) is the most important virulence factor of STEC and is encoded by stx, which is introduced into STEC genome by bacteriophages through gene transduction. A detailed understanding about Stx bacteriophages is necessary to reveal the emergence and pathogenicity of STEC. The very unstable genomes of Stx bacteriophages result in a dynamic phenotypic versatility including virulence, host cell repertoire and tolerance to adversities. Sequencing technology enables us to generate genomic sequence data of bacteriophages at an affordable cost. The project aimed at obtaining genomic DNA sequences of Stx bacteriophages of non-O157 STEC isolates of diverse serotypes. Thirteen bacteriophages were successfully induced from 83 STEC isolates of serotypes O74, O111, O121, O130, O163, O179 and O183. The bacteriophage DNA samples were collected and sequenced using MiSeq Desktop Sequencer (Illumina®, Inc). Automatically assembled sequences were manually compared to E. coli genome sequence available from NCBI (NC_000913.3) to verify the reliability of the sequencing results. Nine verified bacteriophage sequences were aligned to two Stx bacteriophage genomes of NCBI (NC_000924.1 and NC_018846.1) and visible alignment results were obtained. A phylogenetic relationship of the nine phages and the two reference sequences was constructed and gene profiles of each sample sequences were identified. The comparative analysis indicated that recombination events occurred in probacteriophages showed traces. Similarity of bacteriophage genomes correlated to the serotypes of host bacteria based on the comparison of phylogenetic tree and STEC serotypes. Gene identification results showed that nucleotide variance does not show region specificity, silent mutations are frequent in housekeeping genes and virulence genes are conservative among phage samples.
Sympathetic cooling of a radio-frequency LC circuit to its ground state in an optoelectromechanical system
Creators: name: Malossi, Nicola
name: Piergentili, Paolo
name: Li, Jie
name: Serra, Enrico
name: Natali, Riccardo
name: Di Giuseppe, Giovanni
name: Vitali, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a complete theory for laser cooling of a macroscopic radio-frequency LC electrical circuit by means of an optoelectromechanical system, consisting of an optical cavity dispersively coupled to a nanomechanical oscillator, which is in turn capacitively coupled to the LC circuit of interest. We determine the optimal parameter regime where the LC resonator can be cooled down to its quantum ground state, which requires a large optomechanical cooperativity, and a larger electromechanical cooperativity. Moreover, comparable optomechanical and electromechanical coupling rates are preferable for reaching the quantum ground state.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Weed Management: A Review of Applied Economics Research in Australia
Creators: name: Pannell, David J.
name: Pannell, David J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Australian research into the economics of privately and publicly funded weed control is reviewed. Of the published studies that consider farm-level problems, most have been simplistic. Complexities which affect a farmer's optimal control strategies for crop and pasture weeds are outlined. The determination of herbicide rates on an economic basis is proposed as an area for further work. The traditional economic threshold concept is not suitable for this purpose. Studies of the economics of public weed control programs are slightly more common than farm-level studies in the literature, although work on public weed problems has focussed on just a few weed species. Future directions for weed economics research are suggested.
Construction of the free energy landscape by the density functional theory
Creators: name: Yoshidome, Takashi
name: Yoshimori, Akira
name: Odagaki, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the density functional theory, we give a clear definition of the free energy landscape. To show the usefulness of the definition, we construct the free energy landscape for rearrangement of atoms in an FCC crystal of hard spheres. In this description, the cooperatively rearranging region (CRR) is clealy related to the hard spheres involved in the saddle between two adjacent basins. A new concept of the simultaneously rearranging region (SRR) emerges naturally as spheres defined by the difference between two adjacent basins. We show that the SRR and the CRR can be determined explicitly from the free energylandscape.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, submitted to J. Chem. Phys
Measuring the Contribution of New Varieties to Increasing Wheat Yields
Creators: name: Brennan, John P.
name: Brennan, John P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: An evaluation of the contribution of wheat breeding to increasing yields on farms can be accomplished by an examination of the effect on farm production of changes in varieties and other inputs using a production function. Three different means of representing the effect of varietal change in a production function are identified, and the advantages and limitations of these are discussed. An empirical analysis of each is presented for the Mitchell Shire in southern N.S.W. The evidence suggests that the different measures are not highly correlated, so the choice between them can be critical to the results obtained from a full examination in a production function.
MODIFICATION OF MIXED PROTON-ELECTRON CONDUCTORS FOR HYDROGEN TRANSPORT MEMBRANES AND INVESTIGATION OF AMMONIA ION TRANSFER MEMBRANES
Creators: name: Liang, Xuan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science
subject: Chemical engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering
subject: Energy
subject: Ambipolar
subject: Conductivity
subject: Electron
subject: MIEC
subject: Proton

description: SrCe0.9Eu0.1O3- δ has low electron conductivity that limiting the hydrogen permeation. Effects of different dopants in SrCeO3 were studied in order to find new materials that have higher electron conductivity. Total conductivities of these materials and transference number of each species were used for calculating the electron and proton conductivities in the mixed ionic electronic conductors. SrCe0.9Pr0.1O3- δ was claimed to have higher electron conductivity than SrCe0.9Eu0.1O3- δ. The hydrogen permeability of SrCe1-xPrxO3- δ was studied as a function of temperature, hydrogen partial pressure gradient and water vapor pressure gradient. Modified Nafion® membranes can be used for electrochemical ammonia compression.
A radial velocity survey of low Galactic latitude structures: III. The Monoceros Ring in front of the Carina and Andromeda galaxies
Creators: name: Martin, N. F.
name: Irwin, M. J.
name: Ibata, R. A.
name: Conn, B. C.
name: Lewis, G. F.
name: Bellazzini, M.
name: Chapman, S.
name: Tanvir, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of our radial velocity survey of low Galactic latitude structures that surround the Galactic disc, we report the detection of the so called Monoceros Ring in the foreground of the Carina dwarf galaxy at Galactic coordinates (l,b)=(260,-22) based on VLT/FLAMES observations of the dwarf galaxy. At this location, 20 degrees in longitude greater than previous detections, the Ring has a mean radial velocity of 145+/-5 km/s and a velocity dispersion of only 17+/-5 km/s. Based on Keck/DEIMOS observations, we also determine that the Ring has a mean radial velocity of -75+/-4 km/s in the foreground of the Andromeda galaxy at (l,b)\sim(122,-22), along with a velocity dispersion of 26+/-3 km/s. These two kinematic detections are both highly compatible with known characteristics of the structure and, along with previous detections provide radial velocity values of the Ring over the 120
description: 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A strict inequality for the minimisation of the Willmore functional under isoperimetric constraint
Creators: name: Mondino, Andrea
name: Scharrer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Inspired by previous work of Kusner and Bauer-Kuwert, we prove a strict inequality between the Willmore energies of two surfaces and their connected sum in the context of isoperimetric constraints. Building on previous work by Keller-Mondino-Rivière, our strict inequality leads to existence of minimisers for the isoperimetric constrained Willmore problem in every genus, provided the minimal energy lies strictly below $8π$. Besides the geometric interest, such a minimisation problem has been studied in the literature as a simplified model in the theory of lipid bilayer cell membranes.
description: 16 pages. Final version to appear in Advances in Calculus of Variations
Model Validation: An Overview with some Emphasis on Risk Models
Creators: name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Model validation is a topic which has a long history in the literature This article attempts to focus much of the previous discussion upon agricultural economics models. True model validation is not possible. Nevertheless, model validation exercises improve the relevancy of models and strengthen the theoretical oasis for modelling. Procedures are given for conducting validation exercises and for dealing with models which fail such exercises. In addition. comments appear on considerations involved with the validation of risk models.
School, Peers, and Delinquency: An Interactional Theory Approach to Examining Racial Differences
Creators: name: Jang, Daniel Wonho
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Interactional Theory
subject: Race and Crime
subject: Theory Testing

description: Using an approach based on Thornberry’s interactional theory, this paper focuses on testing whether or not the theory is valid in explaining racial differences. This paper focuses on two variables of the theory, which previous studies indicate are more likely to explain race differences in delinquency than the others: commitment to school and peer delinquency. In accordance with interactional theory, this paper intends to examine the relationship between each set of variables and how they influence one another over time, whether or not these relationships are similar across racial groups, expanding on findings that use general theories such as social control and social learning to explain racial differences in offending, and, ultimately, implications regarding the application of theories to explain racial differences in offending. This paper will utilize structural equation modeling to conduct a multi-wave analysis using data from the Rochester Youth Development Study.
Quantum Malware
Creators: name: Wu, Lian-Ao
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When quantum communication networks proliferate they will likely be subject to a new type of attack: by hackers, virus makers, and other malicious intruders. Here we introduce the concept of "quantum malware" to describe such human-made intrusions. We offer a simple solution for storage of quantum information in a manner which protects quantum networks from quantum malware. This solution involves swapping the quantum information at random times between the network and isolated, distributed ancillas. It applies to arbitrary attack types, provided the protective operations are themselves not compromised.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, 1 table. v4: Version to be published in Quantum Information Processing. See http://www.chem.utoronto.ca/staff/dlidar/Quantum_NewScientist.pdf for a New Scientist cover story on this work
Landau kinetic equation for dry aligning active models
Creators: name: Patelli, Aurelio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Landau equation is a kinetic equation based on the weak coupling approximation of the interaction between the particles. In the framework of dry active matter this new kinetic equation relies on the weak coupling approximation of both the alignment strength and the magnitude of the angular noise, instead of the hypothesis of diluteness. Therefore, it is a kinetic equation bridging between the Boltzmann [3], and the Smoluchowski [2] approximations, and allowing analytical descriptions at moderate densities. The form of the equation presents non-linear and density dependent diffusions and advections fully derived by the microscopic equations of motions. Finally, implementing the BGL procedure [25], the parameters of the Toner-Tu equations are derived showing the appearance of linearly stable homogeneous ordered solutions and mimicking the results obtained from the Boltzmann approach.
Exploring the Nature and Success of an Embedded Criminologist Partnership
Creators: name: Frisch, Nicole
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Corrections
subject: Corrections Policy
subject: Criminal Justice Policy
subject: Criminology
subject: Embedded criminologist
subject: Research Translation

description: Embedded criminologist partnerships are one of the suggested vehicles toward translating scientific evidence into policy and practice. Previous empirical research on embedded criminologist partnerships consists of reflective accounts of researchers who have served the role, but has not systematically evaluated the utility of these collaborations. The present case study utilizes multiple data sources to systematically describe and evaluate a single embedded criminologist partnership between an academic researcher and a state corrections agency. Specific attention is given to the factors associated with success and the ways that research was translated into agency policies and practices. All parties deemed the collaborative effort successful and the majority of the initial goals were fully met. However, these successes are not surprising given the ideal circumstances under which the collaboration originated. Embedded criminologist partnerships formed under less favorable conditions may incur additional challenges that may marginalize the impact of these collaborations on a broader scale.