cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A systematic comparison of tropical waves over northern Africa. Part II: Dynamics and thermodynamics
Creators: name: Schlueter, Andreas
name: Fink, Andreas H.
name: Knippertz, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents the first systematic comparison of the (thermo-)dynamics associated with all major tropical wave types causing rainfall modulation over northern tropical Africa: Madden Julian Oscillation (MJO), Equatorial Rossby waves (ERs), mixed Rossby-gravity waves (MRGs), Kelvin waves, tropical disturbances (TDs, including African Easterly Waves), and eastward inertio-gravity waves (EIGs). Reanalysis and radiosonde data were analyzed for the period 1981--2013 based on space-time filtering of outgoing longwave radiation. The identified circulation patterns are largely consistent with theory. The slow modes, MJO and ER, mainly impact precipitable water, whereas the faster Kelvin waves, MRGs, and TDs primarily modulate moisture convergence. Monsoonal inflow intensifies during wet phases of the MJO, ERs, and MRGs, associated with a northward shift of the intertropical discontinuity for MJO and ERs. During passages of vertically tilted imbalanced wave modes, such as MJO, Kelvin waves, and TDs, and partly MRGs, increased vertical wind shear and improved conditions for up- and downdrafts facilitate the organization of convection. The balanced ERs are not tilted and rainfall is triggered by large-scale moistening and stratiform lifting. The MJO and ERs interact with intraseasonal variations of the Indian monsoon and extratropical Rossby wave trains. The latter causes a trough over the Atlas Mountains associated with a tropical plume and rainfall over the Sahara. Positive North Atlantic and Arctic Oscillation signals precede tropical plumes in case of the MJO. The results unveil which dynamical processes need to be modeled realistically to represent the coupling between tropical waves and rainfall in northern tropical Africa.
description: 33 pages, 11 figures, supplementary material; submitted to Journal of Climate
Additional file 1 of Activation of ETAR and ETBR in myocardial tissue characterizes heart failure induced by experimental autoimmune myocarditis
Creators: name: Yang, Peng
name: Wu, Yujing
name: Li, Fangfei
name: Tang, Jiangfeng
name: Zheng, Zhenzhong
name: Tian, Qingshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure 1. The original gel and the whole membrane of ETAR and ETBR in myocardial tissue were detected by western blot (Corresponding to Fig. 7 in the manuscript). Figure 2. The original gel and the whole membrane of ETAR and ETBR proteins expression in myocardial inflammatory injury model in vitro (Corresponding to Fig. 8 in the manuscript). Figure 3. Identification of the transfection effect of the ETAR knockdown plasmids (Corresponding to Fig9a in the manuscript). Figure 4. Identification of the transfection effect of ETBR knockdown plasmids (Corresponding to Fig. 9b in the manuscript).
Hydrostatic theory of superfluid 3He-B
Creators: name: Thuneberg, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The determination of the texture of the order parameter is important for understanding many experiments in superfluid 3He. In addition to reviewing the theory of textures in superfluid 3He-B we give several new results, in particular on the surface parameters in the Ginzburg-Landau region and bulk parameters at arbitrary temperature. Special attention is paid to separate the results that are valid at all temperatures from those which are limited to the Ginzburg-Landau region. We study the validity of a trivial strong-coupling model, where the energy gap of the weak-coupling theory is scaled by a temperature dependent factor. We compare the theory with several experiments. For some quantities the theory seems to work fine and we extract the dipole-dipole interaction parameter from the measurements.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, http://boojum.hut.fi/research/theory/btex.html, updated to published version
On the peak radio and X-ray emission from neutron star and black hole candidate X-ray transients
Creators: name: Fender, R. P.
name: Kuulkers, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have compiled and analysed reports from the literature of (quasi-)simultaneous observations of X-ray transients at radio and X-ray wavelengths and compared them with each other and with more unusual radio-bright sources such as Cygnus X-3, GRS 1915+105 and Circinus X-1. There exists a significant (>97% likelihood) positive (rank) correlation between the peak X-ray flux P_X and radio flux density P_R for the black hole candidate (BHC) systems, and a marginally significant positive (rank) correlation for the neutron star (NS) systems. This is further evidence for a coupling between accretion and outflows in X-ray binary systems, in this case implying a relation between peak disc-accretion-rate and the number of synchroton-emitting electrons ejected. However, we also show that the distribution of `radio loudness', P_R/P_X, is significantly different for the two samples, in the sense that the BHCs generally have a higher ratio of P_R/P_X. The origin of this discrepancy is uncertain, but probably reflects differences in the energetics and/or radiative efficiency of flows around the neutron stars and black holes; we briefly discuss some of these possibilities. We conclude that these data point to the formation of a mildly relativistic jet whose luminosity is a function of the accretion rate, in the majority, if not all, of X-ray transient outbursts, but whose relation to the observed X-ray emission is dependent on the nature of the accreting compact object. (Abridged).
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The combined effect of temperature and disorder on interlayer exchange coupling in magnetic multilayers
Creators: name: Drchal, Vaclav
name: Kudrnovsky, Josef
name: Bruno, Patrick
name: Dederichs, Peter
name: Weinberger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the combined effect of temperature and disorder in the spacer on the interlayer exchange coupling. The temperature dependence is treated on ab initio level. We employ the spin-polarized surface Green function technique within the tight-binding linear muffin-tin orbital method and the Lloyd formulation of the IEC. The integrals involving the Fermi-Dirac distribution are calculated using an efficient method based on representation of integrands by a sum of complex exponentials. Application is made to Co/Cu_{100-x}M_x/Co(001) trilayers (M=Zn, Au, and Ni) with varying thicknesses of the spacer.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure. Submitted to Phil. Mag. B
A catalogue of soft X-ray sources in the galactic center region
Creators: name: Sidoli, L.
name: Belloni, T.
name: Mereghetti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalogue of 107 point-like X-ray sources derived from a systematic analysis of all the ROSAT PSPC observations of the galactic center region performed in 1992-1993. Besides SgrA*, the massive black hole at the galactic center, 41 X-ray sources have been positionally associated with already classified objects. Twenty are identified with foreground stars and five with known Low Mass X-ray Binaries. The majority of the sources in our catalogue still remains unidentified. They are hard and/or severely absorbed and probably represent a large population of X-ray binaries located in the galactic center region, accreting at low accretion rates, and still largely unknown.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics Main Journal
Electronic Supplementary Material for: “The thermal environment of sperm affects offspring success: a test of the anticipatory paternal effects hypothesis in the blue mussel”
Creators: name: Lymbery, Rowan A.
name: Kennington, W. J.
name: Evans, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary Methods for estimating gamete concentration and accounting for overdispersion in statistical analyses.
A systematic comparison of tropical waves over northern Africa. Part I: Influence on rainfall
Creators: name: Schlueter, Andreas
name: Fink, Andreas H.
name: Knippertz, Peter
name: Vogel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-latitude rainfall variability on the daily to intraseasonal timescale is often related to tropical waves, including convectively coupled equatorial waves, the Madden-Julian Oscillation (MJO), and tropical disturbances. Despite the importance of rainfall variability for vulnerable societies in tropical Africa, the relative influence of tropical waves for this region is largely unknown. This article presents the first systematic comparison of the impact of six wave types on precipitation over northern tropical Africa during the transition and full monsoon seasons, using two satellite products and a dense rain gauge network. Composites of rainfall anomalies in the different datasets show} comparable modulation intensities in the West Sahel and at the Guinea Coast, varying from less than 2 to above 7 mm/d depending on the wave type. African Easterly Waves (AEWs) and Kelvin waves dominate the 3-hourly to daily timescale and explain 10-30% locally. On longer timescales (7-20d), only the MJO and equatorial Rossby (ER) waves remain as modulating factors and explain about up to one third of rainfall variability. Eastward inertio-gravity waves and mixed Rossby-gravity (MRG) waves are comparatively unimportant. An analysis of wave superposition shows that low-frequency waves (MJO, ER) in their wet phase amplify the activity of high-frequency waves (TD, MRG) and suppress them in the dry phase. The results stress that more attention should be paid to tropical waves when forecasting rainfall over northern tropical Africa.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures, supplementary material; submitted to Journal of Climate
SM1 from Direct and indirect effects of male genital elaboration in female seed beetles
Creators: name: Arnqvist, Göran
name: Grieshop, Karl
name: Hotzy, Cosima
name: Rönn, Johanna
name: Polak, Michal
name: Rowe, Locke
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary Experimental Procedures and Results
Spin Properties of Low Density One-Dimensional Wires
Creators: name: Thomas, K. J.
name: Nicholls, J. T.
name: Pepper, M.
name: Tribe, W. R.
name: Simmons, M. Y.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report conductance measurements of a ballistic one-dimensional (1D) wire defined in the lower two-dimensional electron gas of a GaAs/AlGaAs double quantum well. At low temperatures there is an additional structure at $0.7(2e^2/h)$ in the conductance, which tends to $e^2/h$ as the electron density is decreased. We find evidence for complete spin polarization in a weakly disorderd 1D wire at zero magnetic field through the observation of a conductance plateau at $e^2/h$, which strengthens in an in-plane magnetic field and disappears with increasing electron density. In all cases studied, with increasing temperature structure occurs at $0.6(2e^2/h)$. We suggest that the 0.7 structure is a many-body spin state excited out of, either the spin-polarized electron gas at low densities, or the spin-degenerate electron gas at high densities.
description: 5 pages, 4 fugures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B (Rapid) 15 May 2000 issue
Aberration-free imaging of inelastic scattering spectra with x-ray echo spectrometers
Creators: name: del Río, Manuel Sánchez
name: Shvyd'ko, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study conditions for aberration-free imaging of inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) spectra with x-ray echo spectrometers. Aberration-free imaging is essential for achieving instrumental functions with high resolution and high contrast. Computational ray tracing is applied to a thorough analysis of a 0.1-meV/0.07-nm$^{-1}$-resolution echo-type IXS spectrometer operating with 9-keV x-rays. We show that IXS spectra imaged by the x-ray echo spectrometer that uses lenses for the collimating and focusing optics are free of aberrations. When grazing-incidence mirrors (paraboloidal, parabolic Kirkpatrick-Baez, or parabolic Montel) are used instead of the lenses, the imaging system reveals some defocus aberration that depends on the inelastic energy transfer. However, the aberration-free images can be still recorded in a plane that is tilted with respect to the optical axis. This distortion can be thus fully compensated by inclining appropriately the x-ray imaging detector, which simultaneously improves its spatial resolution. A full simulation of imaging IXS spectra from a realistic sample demonstrates the excellent performance of the proposed designs.
description: 20 pages, 15 fgures, 6 tables
From nuclei to atoms and molecules: the chemical history of the early Universe
Creators: name: Puy, D.
name: Signore, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The "dark age" of the Universe is generally pointed out as the period between the recombination epoch and the horizon of current observations (z=5-6). The arrow of time in the cosmic history describes the progression from simplicity to complexity, because the present Universe is clumpy and complicated unlike the homogeneous early Universe. Thus it is crucial to know the nature of the constituents, in order to understand the conditions of the formation of the first bound objects. In this paper we analyse the chemical history of this "dark age" through the creation of the primordial nuclei to the formation of the first atoms and molecules. Then we will describe the consequences of the molecular formation on the birth of the proto-objects. In this context we will mention the important works of Dennis W. Sciama who influenced a large number of theorists -cosmologists and astronomers- on this new field of research dedicated to primordial molecules.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, Special Issue dedicated to Pr. Dennis W. Sciama
Supplementary Information from Positive species interactions strengthen in a high-CO2 ocean
Creators: name: Ferreira, Camilo M.
name: Connell, Sean D.
name: Goldenberg, Silvan U.
name: Nagelkerken, Ivan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Negative interactions among species are a major force shaping natural communities and are predicted to strengthen as climate change intensifies. Similarly, positive interactions are anticipated to intensify, and could buffer the consequences of climate-driven disturbances. We used in situ experiments at volcanic CO2 vents within a temperate rocky reef to show that ocean acidification can drive community reorganization through indirect and direct positive pathways. A keystone species, the algal-farming damselfish Parma alboscapularis, enhanced primary productivity through its weeding of algae whose productivity was also boosted by elevated CO2. The accelerated primary productivity was associated with increased densities of primary consumers (herbivorous invertebrates), which indirectly supported increased secondary consumers densities (predatory fish) (i.e. strengthening of bottom-up fuelling). However, this keystone species also reduced predatory fish densities through behavioural interference, releasing invertebrate prey from predation pressure and enabling a further boost in prey densities (i.e. weakening of top-down control). We uncover a novel mechanism where a keystone herbivore mediates bottom-up and top-down processes simultaneously to boost populations of a coexisting herbivore, resulting in altered food web interactions and predator populations under future ocean acidification.
A cluster algorithm for Potts models with fixed spin densities
Creators: name: Bikker, R. P.
name: Barkema, G. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cluster algorithm is presented for the simulation of the q-state Potts models in which the number of spins is conserved in each state. The algorithm constructs Fortuin-Kasteleyn cluster configurations from spin configurations, in a way identical to the Swendsen-Wang algorithm; the spin assignment to these clusters is however different, and conserves the number of spins for each state. Compared to traditional non-local spin-exchange algorithms, the cluster algorithm presented here suffers less from critical slowing down, and consequently is more efficient near the critical temperature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRE
Planetesimal Population Synthesis: Pebble Flux Regulated Planetesimal Formation
Creators: name: Lenz, Christian T.
name: Klahr, Hubert
name: Birnstiel, Tilman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an expression for a local planetesimal formation rate proportional to the instantaneous radial pebble flux. The result --- a radial planetesimal distribution --- can be used as initial condition to study the formation of planetary embryos. We follow the idea that one needs particle traps to locally enhance the dust-to-gas ratio sufficiently such that particle gas interactions can no longer prevent planetesimal formation on small scales. The location of these traps can emerge everywhere in the disk. Their occurrence and lifetime is subject of ongoing research, thus they are implemented via free parameters. This enables us to study the influence of the disk properties on the formation of planetesimals, predicting their time dependent formation rates and location of primary pebble accretion. We show that large $α$-values of $0.01$ (strong turbulence) prevent the formation of planetesimals in the inner part of the disk, arguing for lower values of around $0.001$ (moderate turbulence), at which planetesimals form quickly at all places where they are needed for proto-planets. Planetesimals form as soon as dust has grown to pebbles ($\sim\mathrm{mm}$ to $\mathrm{dm}$) and the pebble flux reaches a critical value, which is after a few thousand years at $2-3\,$AU and after a few hundred thousand years at $20-30\,$AU. Planetesimal formation lasts until the pebble supply has decreased below a critical value. The final spatial planetesimal distribution is steeper compared to the initial dust and gas distribution which helps to explain the discrepancy between the minimum mass solar nebula and viscous accretion disks.
PBMap: A Path Balancing Technology Mapping Algorithm for Single Flux Quantum Logic Circuits
Creators: name: Pasandi, Ghasem
name: Pedram, Massoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a path balancing technology mapping algorithm, which is a new algorithm for generating a mapping solution for a given Boolean network such that the average logic level difference among fanin gates of each gate in the network is minimized. Path balancing technology mapping is required in dc-biased Single Flux Quantum (SFQ) circuits for guaranteeing the correct operation, and it is beneficial in CMOS circuits to reduce the hazard issues. We present a dynamic programming based algorithm for path balancing technology mapping which generates optimal solutions for dc-biased SFQ (e.g. Rapid SFQ or RSFQ) circuits with tree structure and acts as an effective heuristic for circuits with general Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) structure. Experimental results show that our path balancing technology mapper reduces the balancing overhead by up to 2.7 times and with an average of 21% compared to the state-of-the-art academic technology mappers.
Field Theory of the Random Flux Model
Creators: name: Altland, Alexander
name: Simons, B D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The long-range properties of the random flux model (lattice fermions hopping under the influence of maximally random link disorder) are shown to be described by a supersymmetric field theory of non-linear sigma model type, where the group GL(n|n) is the global invariant manifold. An extension to non-abelian generalizations of this model identifies connections to lattice QCD, Dirac fermions in a random gauge potential, and stochastic non-Hermitian operators.
description: 4 pages, 1 eps figure
The Far-Infrared/Radio Correlation in Nearby Abell Clusters
Creators: name: Miller, Neal A.
name: Owen, Frazer N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the effect of the cluster environment on the far- infrared (FIR)/radio correlation in nearby Abell clusters is presented. Using the cluster radio galaxy database from Miller & Owen (2001) and optical spectroscopy and high resolution radio images to remove AGN, we assess the FIR/radio correlation of cluster galaxies from the centers of the clusters out well past the classical Abell radius. The FIR/radio correlation is shown to hold quite well for star forming galaxies, and the FIR and radio fluxes for cluster AGN are also well correlated. In the case of AGN, the relative radio- to-FIR fluxes are greater and the scatter in the correlation is larger than those seen for star forming galaxies. We also find that there is a rare but statistically significant excess of star forming galaxies with enhanced radio emission in the centers of the clusters, and that the degree of this enhancement is typically a factor of two or three. The FIR/radio correlation for cluster star forming galaxies is also tested against line-of-sight velocity relative to the cluster systemic velocities, but no significant correlation is found. While the radial dependence of the FIR/radio correlation is consistent with the model wherein ram pressure increases the cluster galaxies' magnetic field strengths through compression, the velocity data do not confirm this model. Although a contribution from ram pressure can not be ruled out, the thermal pressure due to the ICM alone is an equally viable alternative. The high resolution radio images largely reject the hypothesis that the increased radio emission arises from an AGN component, strengthening the claim that the change in the correlation is caused by a change in the environment of the galaxies.
description: 26 pages, including 5 figures (uses AASTeX 5.0). Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Quantum Pumping in the Magnetic Field: Role of Discrete Symmetries
Creators: name: Aleiner, I. L.
name: Altshuler, B. L.
name: Kamenev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an effect of the discrete spatial symmetries and magnetic field on the adiabatic charge pumping in mesoscopic systems. In general case, there is no symmetry of the pumped charge with respect to the inversion of magnetic field Q(B) \neq Q(-B). We find that the reflection symmetries give rise to relations Q(B)=Q(-B) or Q(B)=-Q(-B) depending on the orientation of the reflection axis. In presence of the center of inversion, Q(B) = 0. Additional symmetries may arise in the case of bilinear pumping.
description: 4 pages
Catching the Birth of a Dark Molecular Cloud for the First Time
Creators: name: Zuo, Pei
name: Li, Di
name: Peek, J. E. G.
name: Chang, Qiang
name: Zhang, Xia
name: chapman, Nicholas
name: Goldsmith, Paul F.
name: Zhang, Zhi-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The majority of hydrogen in the interstellar medium (ISM) is in atomic form. The transition from atoms to molecules and, in particular, the formation of the H$_2$ molecule, is a key step in cosmic structure formation en route to stars. Quantifying H$_2$ formation in space is difficult, due to the confusion in the emission of atomic hydrogen (HI) and the lack of a H$_2$ signal from the cold ISM. Here we present the discovery of a rare, isolated dark cloud currently undergoing H$_2$ formation, as evidenced by a prominent "ring" of HI self-absorption. Through a combined analysis of HI narrow self-absorption, CO emission, dust emission, and extinction, we directly measured, for the first time, the [HI]/[H$_2$] abundance varying from 2% to 0.2%, within one region. These measured HI abundances are orders of magnitude higher than usually assumed initial conditions for protoplanetary disk models. None of the fast cloud formation model could produce such low atomic hydrogen abundance. We derived a cloud formation timescale of 6$\times$10$^6$ years, consistent with the global Galactic star formation rate, and favoring the classical star formation picture over fast star formation models. Our measurements also help constrain the H$_2$ formation rate, under various ISM conditions.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, accepted by ApJ
Surface metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model
Creators: name: Potthoff, M.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation-driven metal-insulator (Mott) transition at a solid surface is studied within the Hubbard model for a semi-infinite lattice by means of the dynamical mean-field theory. The transition takes place at a unique critical strength of the interaction. Depending on the surface geometry, the interaction strength and the wave vector, we find one-electron excitations in the coherent part of the surface-projected metallic spectrum which are confined to two dimensions.
description: LaTeX, 9 pages, 5 eps figures included, Phys. Rev. B (in press)
Highly indistinguishable single photons from incoherently and coherently excited GaAs quantum dots
Creators: name: Reindl, Marcus
name: Weber, Jonas H.
name: Huber, Daniel
name: Schimpf, Christian
name: da Silva, Saimon F. Covre
name: Portalupi, Simone L.
name: Trotta, Rinaldo
name: Michler, Peter
name: Rastelli, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor quantum dots are converging towards the demanding requirements of photonic quantum technologies. Among different systems, quantum dots with dimensions exceeding the free-exciton Bohr radius are appealing because of their high oscillator strengths. While this property has received much attention in the context of cavity quantum electrodynamics, little is known about the degree of indistinguishability of single photons consecutively emitted by such dots and on the proper excitation schemes to achieve high indistinguishability. A prominent example is represented by GaAs quantum dots obtained by local droplet etching, which recently outperformed other systems as triggered sources of entangled photon pairs. On these dots, we compare different single-photon excitation mechanisms, and we find (i) a "phonon bottleneck" and poor indistinguishability for conventional excitation via excited states and (ii) photon indistinguishablilities above 90% for both strictly resonant and for incoherent acoustic- and optical-phonon-assisted excitation. Among the excitation schemes, optical phonon-assisted excitation enables straightforward laser rejection without a compromise on the source brightness together with a high photon indistinguishability.
X-ray Observations of Neutron Star Binaries: Evidence for Millisecond Spins
Creators: name: Strohmayer, Tod E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High amplitude X-ray brightness oscillations during thermonuclear X-ray bursts were discovered with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) in early 1996. Spectral and timing evidence strongly supports the conclusion that these oscillations are caused by rotational modulation of the burst emission and that they reveal the spin frequency of neutron stars in low mass X-ray binaries (LMXB), a long sought goal of X-ray astronomy. I briefly review the status of our knowledge of these oscillations. So far 10 neutron star systems have been observed to produce burst oscillations, interestingly, the observed frequencies cluster in a fairly narrow range from about 300 - 600 Hz, well below the break-up frequency for most modern neutron star equations of state (EOS). This has led to suggestions that their spin frequencies may be limited by the loss of angular momentum due to gravitational wave emission. Connections with gravity wave rotational instabilities will be briefly described.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, "Astrophysical Sources of Gravitational Radiation for Ground- Based Detectors."
Constraints on bosonic dark matter from ultralow-field nuclear magnetic resonance
Creators: name: Garcon, Antoine
name: Blanchard, John W.
name: Centers, Gary P.
name: Figueroa, Nataniel L.
name: Graham, Peter W.
name: Kimball, Derek F. Jackson
name: Rajendran, Surjeet
name: Sushkov, Alexander O.
name: Stadnik, Yevgeny V.
name: Wickenbrock, Arne
name: Wu, Teng
name: Budker, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of dark matter, the invisible substance making up over $80\%$ of the matter in the Universe, is one of the most fundamental mysteries of modern physics. Ultralight bosons such as axions, axion-like particles or dark photons could make up most of the dark matter. Couplings between such bosons and nuclear spins may enable their direct detection via nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy: as nuclear spins move through the galactic dark-matter halo, they couple to dark-matter and behave as if they were in an oscillating magnetic field, generating a dark-matter-driven NMR signal. As part of the Cosmic Axion Spin Precession Experiment (CASPEr), an NMR-based dark-matter search, we use ultralow-field NMR to probe the axion-fermion "wind" coupling and dark-photon couplings to nuclear spins. No dark matter signal was detected above background, establishing new experimental bounds for dark-matter bosons with masses ranging from $1.8\times 10^{-16}$ to $7.8\times 10^{-14}$ eV.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Current-spin-density functional study of persistent currents in quantum rings
Creators: name: Viefers, S.
name: Deo, P. Singha
name: Reimann, S. M.
name: Manninen, M.
name: Koskinen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical study of persistent currents in quantum rings using current spin density functional theory (CSDFT). This formalism allows for a systematic study of the joint effects of both spin, interactions and impurities for realistic systems. It is illustrated that CSDFT is suitable for describing the physical effects related to Aharonov-Bohm phases by comparing energy spectra of impurity-free rings to existing exact diagonalization and experimental results. Further, we examine the effects of a symmetry-breaking impurity potential on the density and current characteristics of the system and propose that narrowing the confining potential at fixed impurity potential will suppress the persistent current in a characteristic way.
description: 7 pages REVTeX, including 8 postscript figures
Additional file 1 of Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts the clinical outcomes in patients with acute uncomplicated type-B aortic dissection undergoing optimal medical therapy
Creators: name: Chen, Ruirong
name: Su, Sheng
name: Wang, Changjin
name: Liu, Yuan
name: Huang, Wenhui
name: Luo, Songyuan
name: Yang, Fan
name: Luo, Jianfang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
Effective mass at the surface of a Fermi liquid
Creators: name: Potthoff, M.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the dynamical mean-field theory, we calculate the effective electron mass in the Hubbard model on a semi-infinite lattice. At the surface the effective mass is strongly enhanced. Near half-filling this gives rise to a correlation-driven one-electron surface mode.
description: LaTeX, 2 pages, 1 eps figure included, Physica B (in press), SCES 98
Basis Pursuit Denoise with Nonsmooth Constraints
Creators: name: Baraldi, Robert
name: Kumar, Rajiv
name: Aravkin, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65K05, 65K10, 86-08

description: Level-set optimization formulations with data-driven constraints minimize a regularization functional subject to matching observations to a given error level. These formulations are widely used, particularly for matrix completion and sparsity promotion in data interpolation and denoising. The misfit level is typically measured in the l2 norm, or other smooth metrics. In this paper, we present a new flexible algorithmic framework that targets nonsmooth level-set constraints, including L1, Linf, and even L0 norms. These constraints give greater flexibility for modeling deviations in observation and denoising, and have significant impact on the solution. Measuring error in the L1 and L0 norms makes the result more robust to large outliers, while matching many observations exactly. We demonstrate the approach for basis pursuit denoise (BPDN) problems as well as for extensions of BPDN to matrix factorization, with applications to interpolation and denoising of 5D seismic data. The new methods are particularly promising for seismic applications, where the amplitude in the data varies significantly, and measurement noise in low-amplitude regions can wreak havoc for standard Gaussian error models.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Chandra X-ray observations of the 3C295 cluster core
Creators: name: Allen, S. W.
name: Taylor, G. B.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Johnstone, R. M.
name: David, L. P.
name: Ettori, S.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Forman, W.
name: Jones, C.
name: McNamara, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the properties of the X-ray gas in the central regions of the distant (z=0.46), X-ray luminous cluster of galaxies surrounding the powerful radio source 3C 295, using observations made with the Chandra Observatory. Between radii of 50-500 kpc, the cluster gas is approximately isothermal with an emission-weighted temperature, kT ~5 keV. Within the central 50 kpc radius this value drops to kT ~3.7 keV. The spectral and imaging Chandra data indicate the presence of a cooling flow within the central 50 kpc radius of the cluster, with a mass deposition rate of approximately 280 solar masses per year. We estimate an age for the cooling flow of 1-2 Gyr, which is approximately one thousand times older than the central radio source. We find no evidence in the X-ray spectra or images for significant heating of the X-ray gas by the radio source. We report the detection of an edge-like absorption feature in the spectrum for the central 50 kpc region, which may be due to oxygen-enriched dust grains. The implied mass in metals seen in absorption could have been accumulated by the cooling flow over its lifetime. Combining the results on the X-ray gas density profile with radio measurements of the Faraday rotation measure in 3C295, we estimate the magnetic field strength in the region of the cluster core to be B ~12 \muG.
description: 27 pages, 16 figs, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
CO Outflow Survey of 68 Very Low Luminosity Objects: a Search for Proto-Brown Dwarf Candidates
Creators: name: Kim, Gwanjeong
name: Lee, Chang Won
name: Maheswar, Gopinathan
name: Kim, Mi-Ryang
name: Soam, Archana
name: Saito, Masao
name: Kiyokane, Kazuhiro
name: Kim, Sungeun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic search for molecular outflows in 68 Very Low Luminosity Objects (VeLLOs) from single-dish observations in CO isotopologues which find 16 VeLLOs showing clear outflow signatures in the CO maps. With additional three VeLLOs from the literature, we analyzed the outflow properties for 19 VeLLOs, identifying 15 VeLLOs as proto-Brown Dwarf (BD) candidates and four VeLLOs as likely faint protostar candidates. The proto-BD candidates are found to have a mass accretion rate ($\sim 10^{-8} - 10^{-7}$ $\rm M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$) lower than that of the protostar candidates ($\gtrsim 10^{-6}$ $\rm M_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$). Their accretion luminosities are similar to or smaller than their internal luminosities, implying that many proto-BD candidates might have had either small accretion activity in a quiescent manner throughout their lifetime, or be currently exhibiting a relatively higher (or episodic) mass accretion than the past. There are strong trends that outflows of many proto-BDs are less active if they are fainter or have less massive envelopes. The outflow forces and internal luminosities for more than half of the proto-BD candidates seem to follow an evolutionary track of a protostar with its initial envelope mass of $\sim$0.08 $\rm M_{\odot}$, indicating that some BDs may form in less massive dense cores in a way similar to normal stars. But, because there also exists a significant fraction (about 40%) of proto-BDs with much weaker outflow force than expected by the relations for protostars, we should not rule out the possibility of other formation mechanism for the BDs.
description: 32 pages, 9 Figures, 5 Tables, Accepted for publication in ApJS
Procédure nationale de la surveillance sanitaire microbiologique réglementée des zones de production de coquillages. Prescriptions du réseau de surveillance microbiologique des zones de production (REMI)
Creators: name: Reynaud, Yann
name: Rocq, Sophie
name: Kaelin, Gaelle
Publisher: name: IFREMER
Year: 2025

description: L’objet du présent document est de définir les procédures de mise en oeuvre du réseau de surveillance microbiologique des zones de production (REMI). Il s’appuie sur la règlementation en vigueur, ainsi que sur les recommandations des guides de bonnes pratiques pour le classement et la surveillance des zones de production de la Commission Européenne et du Laboratoire de Référence de l'Union Européenne. Ce document fait également référence aux instructions techniques émises par la Direction Générale de l’Alimentation (DGAL) du ministère de l’Agriculture et de l’Alimentation. Le présent document complété par son document d’application « Plan national d’échantillonnage du réseau de surveillance microbiologique des Zones de production de Coquillages » constitue les prescriptions du réseau de surveillance microbiologique des zones de production. Ces documents sont en accès libre sur le site envlit de l’Ifremer. Les laboratoires Environnement et Ressources de l’Ifremer assurent chacun dans son aire de compétence géographique l’information des services déconcentrés de l’état (DDTM et/ou DD(sc)PP) de l’édition de nouvelles versions de ces documents de prescription.
GANFIT: Generative Adversarial Network Fitting for High Fidelity 3D Face Reconstruction
Creators: name: Gecer, Baris
name: Ploumpis, Stylianos
name: Kotsia, Irene
name: Zafeiriou, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the past few years, a lot of work has been done towards reconstructing the 3D facial structure from single images by capitalizing on the power of Deep Convolutional Neural Networks (DCNNs). In the most recent works, differentiable renderers were employed in order to learn the relationship between the facial identity features and the parameters of a 3D morphable model for shape and texture. The texture features either correspond to components of a linear texture space or are learned by auto-encoders directly from in-the-wild images. In all cases, the quality of the facial texture reconstruction of the state-of-the-art methods is still not capable of modeling textures in high fidelity. In this paper, we take a radically different approach and harness the power of Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) and DCNNs in order to reconstruct the facial texture and shape from single images. That is, we utilize GANs to train a very powerful generator of facial texture in UV space. Then, we revisit the original 3D Morphable Models (3DMMs) fitting approaches making use of non-linear optimization to find the optimal latent parameters that best reconstruct the test image but under a new perspective. We optimize the parameters with the supervision of pretrained deep identity features through our end-to-end differentiable framework. We demonstrate excellent results in photorealistic and identity preserving 3D face reconstructions and achieve for the first time, to the best of our knowledge, facial texture reconstruction with high-frequency details.
description: CVPR 2019 camera ready; Check project page: https://github.com/barisgecer/ganfit for full resolution results and more
Quenched normal approximation for random sequences of transformations
Creators: name: Hella, Olli
name: Stenlund, Mikko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 37A05, 37A50

description: We study random compositions of transformations having certain uniform fiberwise properties and prove bounds which in combination with other results yield a quenched central limit theorem equipped with a convergence rate, also in the multivariate case, assuming fiberwise centering. For the most part we work with non-stationary randomness and non-invariant, non-product measures. Independently, we believe our work sheds light on the mechanisms that make quenched central limit theorems work, by dissecting the problem into three separate parts.
Trifurcula ortneri
Creators: name: Kopp, Andreas
name: Keller, W. C. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Nepticulidae
Trifurcula
Trifurcula ortneri

description: Trifurcula ortneri (Klimesch, 1951)
 ist ein Erstnachweis für die Schweiz. Diese schöne Zwergmotte lebt als Blattminierer auf Berg-Kronwicke (Coronilla coronata). Die Pflanze findet sich nur auf trockenen Magerwiesen mit Kalkuntergrund. Im August 2004, 2008 und 2012 wurden einzelne Tiere nachgewiesen.
description: Published as part of Kopp, Andreas & Keller, W. C. F., 2015, Zweiter Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Schmetterlingsfauna des Schaffhauser Randen, pp. 111-117 in Entomo Helvetica 8 on page 113, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985939, http://zenodo.org/record/7745755
Topological phase and lattice structures in spin chain models
Creators: name: Li, Yan-Chao
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Lin, Hai-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding new topological materials and understanding the physical essence of topology are crucial problems for researchers. We studied the topological property based on several proposed Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) related models. We show that the topologically non-trivial phase (TNP) in the SSH model can exist in other model conditions and can even be caused by anisotropy; its origin has a close relation with the even-bond dimerization. Further study shows that the TNP is not determined by the periodicity of the system, but the parity of the two kinds of bonds plays a significant role for the formation of the TNP. This finding reveals the topological invariant of the system and might supply potential extended topological materials for both theoretical and experimental researches.
description: Added reference [29]
Dynamical mean-field study of the Mott transition in thin films
Creators: name: Potthoff, M.
name: Nolting, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation-driven transition from a paramagnetic metal to a paramagnetic Mott-Hubbard insulator is studied within the half-filled Hubbard model for a thin-film geometry. We consider simple-cubic films with different low-index surfaces and film thickness d ranging from d=1 (two-dimensional) up to d=8. Using the dynamical mean-field theory, the lattice (film) problem is self-consistently mapped onto a set of d single-impurity Anderson models which are indirectly coupled via the respective baths of conduction electrons. The impurity models are solved at zero temperature using the exact-diagonalization algorithm. We investigate the layer and thickness dependence of the electronic structure in the low-energy regime. Effects due to the finite film thickness are found to be the more pronounced the lower is the film-surface coordination number. For the comparatively open sc(111) geometry we find a strong layer dependence of the quasi-particle weight while it is much less pronounced for the sc(110) and the sc(100) film geometries. For a given geometry and thickness d there is a unique critical interaction strength Uc2(d) at which all effective masses diverge and there is a unique strength Uc1(d) where the insulating solution disappears. Uc2(d) and Uc1(d) gradually increase with increasing thickness eventually approaching their bulk values. A simple analytical argument explains the complete geometry and thickness dependence of Uc2. Uc1 is found to scale linearly with Uc2.
description: LaTeX, 17 pages, 15 eps figures included, Eur. Phys. J. B (in press)