cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radius-to-frequency mapping and FRB frequency drifts
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a model of radius-to-frequency mapping in magnetospheres of neutron stars and apply it to frequency drifts observed in Fast Radio Bursts. We assume that an emission patch propagates along the dipolar magnetic field lines producing coherent emission with frequency, direction and polarization defined by the local magnetic field. The observed temporal evolution of the frequency depends on relativistic effects of time contraction and the curvature of the magnetic field lines. The model generically produces linear scaling of the drift rate, $\dotω \propto - ω$, matching both numerically and parametrically the rates observed in FBRs; a more complicated behavior of $\dotω $ is also possible. Fast rotating magnetospheres produce higher drifts rates for similar viewing parameters than the slowly rotating ones. In the case of repeaters same source may show variable drift pattens depending on the observing phase. We expect rotational of polarization position angle through a burst, though by smaller amount than in radio pulsars. All these findings compare favorably with properties of FBRs, strengthening their possible loci in the magnetospheres of neutron stars.
Inferred-variance uncertainty relations in the presence of quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Bagchi, Shrobona
name: Datta, Chandan
name: Agrawal, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncertainty relations play a significant role in drawing a line between classical physics and quantum physics. Since the introduction by Heisenberg, these relations have been considerably explored. However, the effect of quantum entanglement on uncertainty relations was not probed. Berta et al. [Nature Physics 6, 659-662 (2010)] removed this gap by deriving a conditional-entropic uncertainty relation in the presence of quantum entanglement. In the same spirit, using inferred-variance, we formulate uncertainty relations in the presence of entanglement for general two-qubit systems and arbitrary observables. We derive lower bounds for the sum and product inferred-variance uncertainty relations. Strikingly, we can write the lower bounds of these inferred-variance uncertainty relations in terms of measures of entanglement of two-qubit states, as characterized by concurrence, or $G$ function. Presumably, the presence of entanglement in the lower bound of inferred-variance uncertainty relation is new and unique. We also explore the violation of local uncertainty relations in this context and an interference experiment. Furthermore, we discuss possible applications of these uncertainty relations.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures, close to published version
Constraint on a Varying Proton-Electron Mass Ratio 1.5 Billion Years after the Big Bang
Creators: name: Bagdonaite, J.
name: Ubachs, W.
name: Murphy, Michael
name: Whitmore, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5101
subject: Astronomical sciences
classificationCode: 5109
subject: Space sciences

description: A molecular hydrogen absorber at a lookback time of 12.4 billion years, corresponding to 10% of the age of the universe today, is analyzed to put a constraint on a varying proton--electron mass ratio, μ. A high resolution spectrum of the J1443+2724 quasar, which was observed with the Very Large Telescope, is used to create an accurate model of 89 Lyman and Werner band transitions whose relative frequencies are sensitive to μ, yielding a limit on the relative deviation from the current laboratory value of Δμ/μ=(-9.5±5.4stat±5.3sys)×10-6.
Quasinormal modes of black holes in Weyl gravity: Electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations
Creators: name: Momennia, Mehrab
name: Hendi, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent reported gravitational wave detection motivates one to investigate the properties of different black hole models, especially their behavior under (axial) gravitational perturbation. Here, we study the quasinormal modes of black holes in Weyl gravity. We derive the master equation describing the quasinormal radiation by using a relation between the Schwarzschild-anti de Sitter black holes and Weyl solutions, and also the conformal invariance property of the Weyl action. It will be observed that the quasinormal mode spectra of the Weyl solutions deviate from those of the Schwarzschild black hole due to the presence of an additional linear $r$-term in the metric function. We also consider the evolution of the Maxwell field on the background spacetime and obtain the master equation of electromagnetic perturbations. Then, we use the WKB approximation and asymptotic iteration method to calculate the quasinormal frequencies. Finally, the time evolution of modes is studied through the time-domain integration of the master equation.
description: 15 pages with 3 captioned figures. Published version
Peterzil-Steinhorn subgroups and $μ$-stabilizers in ACF
Creators: name: Kamensky, Moshe
name: Starchenko, Sergei
name: Ye, Jinhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider $G$, a linear group defined over $k$, an algebraically closed field. By considering $k$ as an embedded residue field of an algebraically closed valued field $K$, we can associate to it a compact $G$-space $S^μ_G(k)$, consisting of $μ$-types on $G$. We showed that for each $p_μ\in S^μ_G(k)$, $\text{Stab}^μ(p)=\text{Stab}(p_μ)$ is a solvable infinite algebraic group when $p_μ$ is centered at infinity and residually algebraic. Moreover we give a description of the dimension $\text{Stab}(p_μ)$ in terms of dimension of $p$.
description: Final update prior to publication
Discrete-time risk-aware optimal switching with non-adapted costs
Creators: name: Martyr, Randall
name: Moriarty, John
name: Perninge, Magnus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 60G40, 91B08, 49N30

description: We solve non-Markovian optimal switching problems in discrete time on an infinite horizon, when the decision maker is risk aware and the filtration is general, and establish existence and uniqueness of solutions for the associated reflected backward stochastic difference equations. An example application to hydropower planning is provided.
description: 29 pages including references. Keywords: infinite horizon, optimal switching, risk measures, reflected backward stochastic difference equations, hydropower planning. Fixed some typos; tidied up the presentation; added new numerical example on hydropower planning. To appear in Journal of/Advances in Applied Probability
The accretion histories of brightest cluster galaxies from their stellar population gradients
Creators: name: Oliva Altamirano, Paola
name: Brough, S.
name: Jimmy, Kim-Vy
name: Tran, K.-V.
name: Couch, Warrick
name: McDermid, R. M.
name: Lidman, C.
name: von der Linden, A.
name: Sharp, R.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We analyse the spatially-resolved stellar populations of 9 local (z<0.1) Brightest Cluster Galaxies (BCGs) observed with VIMOS in IFU mode. Our sample is composed of 7 slow-rotating and 2 fast-rotating BCGs. We do not find a connection between stellar kinematics and stellar populations in this small sample. The BCGs have shallow metallicity gradients (median Δ[Fe/H] =−0.11±0.1), high central metallicities (median [Fe/H][α/Fe]=0=0.13±0.07), and a wide range of central ages (from 5 to 15 Gyr). We propose that the reason for this is diverse evolutionary paths in BCGs. 67 per cent of the sample (6/9) show ∼7 Gyr old central ages, which reflects an active accretion history, and 33 per cent of the sample (3/9) have central ages older than 11 Gyr, which suggest no star formation since z=2. The BCGs show similar central stellar populations and stellar population gradients to early-type galaxies of similar mass (Mdyn>1011.3M⊙) from the ATLAS3D survey (median [Z/H] =0.04±0.07, Δ[Z/H] =−0.19±0.1). However, massive early-type galaxies from ATLAS3D have consistently old ages (median Age =12.0±3.8Gyr). We also analyse the close massive companion galaxies of two of the BCGs. These galaxies have similar stellar populations to their respective BCGs.
Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis Say 1837
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile brevis

description: Megachile (Litomegachile) brevis Say 1837
County records: Allegan, Alpena, Barry, Branch, Calhoun, Cass, Cheboygan, Gratiot, Hillsdale, Ingham, Isabella, Kalamazoo, Leelanau, Livingston, Mason, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Otsego, Ottawa, Saginaw, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Van Buren.
Notes. The nesting biology of M. brevis in Kansas has been studied in detail (Michener 1953). Additional studies of this cavity and stem-nester are available from Kansas (Baker et al. 1985), Missouri (Rau 1934), Wisconsin (Medler & Lussenhop 1968), and Oregon (Rockwood 1951). The latter may pertain to M. onobrychidis Cockerell, which was formerly considered a subspecies of M. brevis (see Sheffield et al. 2011; Bzdyk 2012).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 108, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
The image of multilinear polynomials evaluated on $3\times 3$ upper triangular matrices
Creators: name: de Mello, Thiago Castilho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe the images of multilinear polynomials of arbitrary degree evaluated on the $3\times 3$ upper triangular matrix algebra over an infinite field.
description: 3 pages
DIFFERENT DYNAMICAL AGES FOR THE TWO YOUNG AND COEVAL LMC STAR CLUSTERS, NGC 1805 AND NGC 1818, IMPRINTED ON THEIR BINARY POPULATIONS
Creators: name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Grijs, Richard de
name: Li, Chengmingyue
name: Hurley, Jarrod
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The two Large Magellanic Cloud star clusters, NGC 1805 and NGC 1818, are approximately the same chronological age (~30 Myr), but show different radial trends in binary frequency. The F-type stars (1.3–2.2 M⊙) in NGC 1818 have a binary frequency that decreases toward the core, while the binary frequency for stars of similar mass in NGC 1805 is flat with radius, or perhaps bimodal (with a peak in the core). We show here, through detailed N-body modeling, that both clusters could have formed with the same primordial binary frequency and with binary orbital elements and masses drawn from the same distributions (defined from observations of open clusters and the field of our Galaxy). The observed radial trends in binary frequency for both clusters are best matched with models that have initial substructure. Furthermore, both clusters may be evolving along a very similar dynamical sequence, with the key difference that NGC 1805 is dynamically older than NGC 1818. The F-type binaries in NGC 1818 still show evidence of an initial period of rapid dynamical disruptions (which occur preferentially in the core), while NGC 1805 has already begun to recover a higher core binary frequency, owing to mass segregation (which will eventually produce a distribution in binary frequency that rises only toward the core, as is observed in old Milky Way star clusters). This recovery rate increases for higher-mass binaries, and therefore even at one age in one cluster, we predict a similar dynamical sequence in the radial distribution of the binary frequency as a function of binary primary mass.
Megachile (Litomegachile) mendica Cresson 1878
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile mendica

description: Megachile (Litomegachile) mendica Cresson 1878
County records: Alger, Allegan, Barry, Berrien, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Clinton, Delta, Eaton, Emmet, Gladwin, Gratiot, HIllsdale, Huron, Ingham, Ionia, Iosco, Isabella, Jackson, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Lake, Leelanau, Lenawee, Livingston, Manistee, Mecosta, Midland, Missaukee, Monroe, Montcalm, Muskegon, Newaygo, Oakland, Oceana, Osceola, Ottawa, Roscommon, Saginaw, Shiawassee, St. Joseph, Tuscola, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Trap-nests described from Wisconsin (Medler 1965; Medler & Lussenhop 1968), Kansas and North Carolina (Baker et al. 1985), and New York, Maryland, North Carolina and Florida (Krombein 1967). Nesting in an old log in Missouri reported by Rau (1922). There is a published record of M. mendica nesting in the ground in Texas (Williams et al. 1986), but this cannot be confirmed. The presumed depository at Texas A&M does not have any material matching the paper (K. Wright, in litt.).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Cryptomining Makes Noise: a Machine Learning Approach for Cryptojacking Detection
Creators: name: Caprolu, Maurantonio
name: Raponi, Simone
name: Oligeri, Gabriele
name: Di Pietro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new cybersecurity attack,where an adversary illicitly runs crypto-mining software over the devices of unaware users, is emerging in both the literature and in the wild . This attack, known as cryptojacking, has proved to be very effective given the simplicity of running a crypto-client into a target device. Several countermeasures have recently been proposed, with different features and performance, but all characterized by a host-based architecture. This kind of solutions, designed to protect the individual user, are not suitable for efficiently protecting a corporate network, especially against insiders. In this paper, we propose a network-based approach to detect and identify crypto-clients activities by solely relying on the network traffic, even when encrypted. First, we provide a detailed analysis of the real network traces generated by three major cryptocurrencies, Bitcoin, Monero, and Bytecoin, considering both the normal traffic and the one shaped by a VPN. Then, we propose Crypto-Aegis, a Machine Learning (ML) based framework built over the results of our investigation, aimed at detecting cryptocurrencies related activities, e.g., pool mining, solo mining, and active full nodes. Our solution achieves a striking 0.96 of F1-score and 0.99 of AUC for the ROC, while enjoying a few other properties, such as device and infrastructure independence. Given the extent and novelty of the addressed threat we believe that our approach, supported by its excellent results, pave the way for further research in this area.
Tracking Cluster Debris (TraCD) - I. Dissolution of clusters and searching for the solar cradle
Creators: name: Moyano Loyola, G. R. I.
name: Flynn, Christopher
name: Hurley, Jarrod
name: Gibson, B. K.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The capability to reconstruct dissolved stellar systems in dynamical and chemical space is a key factor in improving our understanding of the evolution of the Milky Way. Here we concentrate on the dynamical aspect and given that a significant portion of the stars in the Milky Way have been born in stellar associations or clusters that have lived a few Myr up to several Gyr, we further restrict our attention to the evolution of star clusters. We have carried out our simulations in two steps: (1) we create a simulation of dissolution and mixing processes which yields a close fit to the present-day Milky Way dynamics and (2) we have evolved three sets of stellar clusters with masses of 400, 1000 and 15 000 M⊙ to dissolution. The birth location of these sets was 4, 6, 8 and 10 kpc for the 400 and 1000 M⊙ clusters and 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 kpc for the 15 000 M⊙. We have focused our efforts on studying the state of the escapers from these clusters after 4.5 Gyr of evolution with particular attention to stars that reach the solar annulus, i.e. 7.5 ≤ Rgc ≤ 8.5 kpc. We give results for solar twins and siblings over a wide range of radii and cluster masses for two dissolution mechanisms. From kinematics alone, we conclude that the Sun was ∼50 per cent more likely to have been born near its current Galactocentric radius, rather than have migrated (radially) ∼2 kpc since birth. We conclude our analysis by calculating magnitudes and colours of our single stars for comparison with the samples that the Gaia, Gaia-ESO and GALAH-AAO surveys will obtain. In terms of reconstructing dissolved star clusters, we find that on short time-scales we cannot rely on kinematic evolution alone and thus it will be necessary to extend our study to include information on chemical space.
Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson 1878
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile texana

description: Megachile (Litomegachile) texana Cresson 1878
County records: Barry, Cass, Charlevoix, Cheboygan, Clinton, Dickinson, Gladwin, Grand Traverse, Ingham, Iosco, Iron, Isabella, Kalkaska, Kent, Leelanau, Livingston, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Midland, Missaukee, Oakland, Oceana, Otsego, Ottawa, Shiawassee, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne.
Notes. Several biological notes on this ground-nesting species are available (Hurd 1979), including from Missouri (Rau 1922), Colorado (Hicks 1926), New York (Eickwort et al. 1981), North Carolina (Krombein 1953) and Florida (Krombein 1970). Shallow nests, a few inches long, were also observed in flat sandy soil in Michigan (Gibbs 2017). One was adjacent to a highbush blueberry field in Van Buren County and a second was in a clearing at Rose Lake, Shiawassee County.
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Short-Range Audio Channels Security: Survey of Mechanisms, Applications, and Research Challenges
Creators: name: Caprolu, Maurantonio
name: Sciancalepore, Savio
name: Di Pietro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Short-range audio channels have a few distinguishing characteristics: ease of use, low deployment costs, and easy to tune frequencies, to cite a few. Moreover, thanks to their seamless adaptability to the security context, many techniques and tools based on audio signals have been recently proposed. However, while the most promising solutions are turning into valuable commercial products, acoustic channels are increasingly used also to launch attacks against systems and devices, leading to security concerns that could thwart their adoption. To provide a rigorous, scientific, security-oriented review of the field, in this paper we survey and classify methods, applications, and use-cases rooted on short-range audio channels for the provisioning of security services---including Two-Factor Authentication techniques, pairing solutions, device authorization strategies, defense methodologies, and attack schemes. Moreover, we also point out the strengths and weaknesses deriving from the use of short-range audio channels. Finally, we provide open research issues in the context of short-range audio channels security, calling for contributions from both academia and industry.
description: IEEE Communications Surveys & Tutorials, Early Access, Jan 2020
FRB-periodicity: mild pulsars in tight O/B-star binaries
Creators: name: Lyutikov, Maxim
name: Barkov, Maxim
name: Giannios, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodicities observed in two Fast Radio Burst (FRB) sources (16 days in FRB 180916.J0158+65 and 160 days in FRB 121102) are consistent with that of tight, stellar mass binary systems. In the case of FRB 180916.J0158+65 the primary is an early OB-type star with mass loss rate $\dot{M} \sim 10^{-8}- 10^{-7} M_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$, and the secondary a neutron star. The observed periodicity is not intrinsic to the FRB's source, but is due to the orbital phase-dependent modulation of the absorption conditions in the massive star's wind. The observed relatively narrow FRB activity window implies that the primary's wind dynamically dominates that of the pulsar, $η= L_{sd}/(\dot{M} v_w c) \leq 1$, where $L_{sd} $ is pulsar spin-down, $\dot{M}$ is the primary's wind mass loss rate and $v_w$ is its velocity. The condition $η\leq 1$ requires mildly powerful pulsar with $L_{sd} \lesssim 10^{37}$ erg $s^{-1}$. The observations are consistent with magnetically-powered radio emission originating in the magnetospheres of strongly magnetized neutron stars, the classical magnetars.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Perturbative optical parametric amplification in the extreme ultraviolet
Creators: name: Dao, Lap
name: Dinh, Khuong
name: Hannaford, Peter
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The response of a medium illuminated with a light field can be expanded in many orders in perturbative non-linear optics. Here we use two multiple-cycle high-intensity laser pulses at 800 and 1,400nm to generate extreme ultraviolet radiation where the multi-photon processes can be treated as the driving force of a perturbative optical parametric amplification. When a very high-intensity pulse (>7.10^14 W cm−2) at 800 nm is applied in addition to a high-intensity pulse at 1,400 nm, we are able to enhance the flux of the coherent extreme ultraviolet radiation in the photon energy range around 80eV by more than an order of magnitude compared with the generation with a single-wavelength pulse. This opens the way to extend the powerful techniques of perturbative non-linear optics to the case of a high-intensity-driving field in multiple-photon processes.
Denotational semantics as a foundation for cost recurrence extraction for functional languages
Creators: name: Danner, Norman
name: Licata, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.2

description: A standard informal method for analyzing the asymptotic complexity of a program is to extract a recurrence that describes its cost in terms of the size of its input, and then to compute a closed-form upper bound on that recurrence. We give a formal account of that method for functional programs in a higher-order language with let-polymorphism. The method consists of two phases. In the first phase, a monadic translation is performed to extract a cost-annotated version of the original program. In the second phase, the extracted program is interpreted in a model. The key feature of this second phase is that different models describe different notions of size. This plays out in several ways. For example, when analyzing functions that take arguments of inductive types, different notions of size may be appropriate depending on the analysis. When analyzing polymorphic functions, our approach shows that one can formally describe the notion of size of an argument in terms of the data that is common to the notions of size for each type instance of the domain type. We give several examples of different models that formally justify various informal cost analyses to show the applicability of our approach.
description: Revisions, mostly minor, some more discussion of related work. To appear in Journal of Functional Programming
Salivary cortisol and alpha-amylase levels during an assessment procedure correlate differently with risk-taking measures in male and female police recruits
Creators: name: van den Bos, Ruud
name: Taris, Ruben
name: Scheppink, Bianca
name: de Haan, Lydia
name: Verster, Joris
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Recent laboratory studies have shown that men display more risk-taking behavior in decision-making tasks following stress, whilst women are more risk-aversive or become more task-focused. In addition, these studies have shown that sex differences are related to levels of the stress hormone cortisol (indicative of activation of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenocortical-axis): the higher the levels of cortisol the more risk-taking behavior is shown by men, whereas women generally display more risk-aversive or task-focused behavior following higher levels of cortisol. Here, we assessed whether such relationships hold outside the laboratory, correlating levels of cortisol obtained during a job-related assessment procedure with decision-making parameters in the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT) in male and female police recruits. The CGT allows for discriminating different aspects of reward-based decision-making. In addition, we correlated levels of alpha-amylase [indicative of activation of the sympatho-adrenomedullary-axis (SAM)] and decision-making parameters. In line with earlier studies men and women only differed in risk-adjustment in the CGT. Salivary cortisol levels correlated positively and strongly with risk-taking measures in men, which was significantly different from the weak negative correlation in women. In contrast, and less strongly so, salivary alpha-amylase levels correlated positively with risk-taking in women, which was significantly different from the weak negative correlation with risk-taking in men. Collectively, these data support and extend data of earlier studies indicating that risky decision-making in men and women is differently affected by stress hormones. The data are briefly discussed in relation to the effects of stress on gambling.
Open $\mathbb{CP}^1$ descendent theory I: The stationary sector
Creators: name: Buryak, Alexandr
name: Zernik, Amitai Netser
name: Pandharipande, Rahul
name: Tessler, Ran J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define stationary descendent integrals on the moduli space of stable maps from disks to $(\mathbb{CP}^1,\mathbb{RP}^1)$. We prove a localization formula for the stationary theory involving contributions from the fixed points and from all the corner-strata. We use the localization formula to prove a recursion relation and a closed formula for all genus $0$ disk cover invariants in the stationary case. For all higher genus invariants, we propose a conjectural formula.
description: Minor changes in v3: affiliations, grant acknowledgements, and references
Vessels Cybersecurity: Issues, Challenges, and the Road Ahead
Creators: name: Caprolu, Maurantonio
name: Di Pietro, Roberto
name: Raponi, Simone
name: Sciancalepore, Savio
name: Tedeschi, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vessels cybersecurity is recently gaining momentum, as a result of a few recent attacks to vessels at sea. These recent attacks have shacked the maritime domain, which was thought to be relatively immune to cyber threats. The cited belief is now over, as proved by recent mandates issued by the International Maritime Organization (IMO). According to these regulations, all vessels should be the subject of a cybersecurity risk analysis, and technical controls should be adopted to mitigate the resulting risks. This initiative is laudable since, despite the recent incidents, the vulnerabilities and threats affecting modern vessels are still unclear to operating entities, leaving the potential for dreadful consequences of further attacks just a matter of "when", not "if". In this contribution, we investigate and systematize the major security weaknesses affecting systems and communication technologies adopted in modern vessels. Specifically, we describe the architecture and main features of the different systems, pointing out their main security issues, and specifying how they were exploited by attackers to cause service disruption and relevant financial losses. We also identify a few countermeasures to the introduced attacks. Finally, we highlight a few research challenges to be addressed by industry and academia to strengthen vessels security.
Megachile Latreille
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile

description: Subgenus Megachile Latreille s. s.
Revision: Mitchell (1935b as Delomegachile).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Implementation of high-order, discontinuous Galerkin time stepping for fractional diffusion problems
Creators: name: McLean, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60

description: The discontinuous Galerkin dG method provides a robust and flexible technique for the time integration of fractional diffusion problems. However, a practical implementation uses coefficients defined by integrals that are not easily evaluated. We describe specialised quadrature techniques that efficiently maintain the overall accuracy of the dG method. In addition, we observe in numerical experiments that known superconvergence properties of dG time stepping for classical diffusion problems carry over in a modified form to the fractional-order setting.
description: 31 pages, 7 figures
Heptagon relation in a direct sum
Creators: name: Korepanov, Igor G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A24 (Primary) 57R56, 57Q99 (Secondary)

description: An ansatz is proposed for heptagon relation, that is, algebraic imitation of five-dimensional Pachner move 4--3. Our relation is realized in terms of matrices acting in a direct sum of one-dimensional linear spaces corresponding to 4-faces.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. v3: Section 5 significantly expanded and structured
Vibronic Resonances Facilitate Excited-State Coherence in Light-Harvesting Proteins at Room Temperature
Creators: name: Novelli, Fabio
name: Nazir, Ahsan
name: Richards, Gethin H.
name: Roozbeh, Ashkan
name: Wilk, Krystyna E.
name: Curmi, Paul M. G.
name: Davis, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Until recently it was believed that photosynthesis, a fundamental process for life on earth, could be fully understood with semiclassical models. However, puzzling quantum phenomena have been observed in several photosynthetic pigment-protein complexes, prompting questions regarding the nature and role of these effects. Recent attention has focused on discrete vibrational modes that are resonant or quasi-resonant with excitonic energy splittings and strongly coupled to these excitonic states. Here we unambiguously identify excited state coherent superpositions in photosynthetic light-harvesting complexes using a new experimental approach. Decoherence on the time scale of the excited state lifetime allows low energy (56 cm-1) oscillations on the signal intensity to be observed. In conjunction with an appropriate model, these oscillations provide clear and direct experimental evidence that the persistent coherences observed originate from quantum superpositions among vibronic excited states.
Megachile (Megachile) centuncularis
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile centuncularis

description: Megachile (Megachile) centuncularis (Linnaeus 1758)
County records: Allegan, Barry, Berrien, Cass, Cheboygan, Genesee, Huron, Ingham, Kalamazoo, Kalkaska, Kent, Livingston, Mackinac, Marquette, Mason, Midland, Newaygo, Oakland, Ottawa, St. Joseph, Van Buren, Washtenaw, Wayne, Wexford.
Notes. Possibly exotic. Holarctic distribution that apparently does not extend into northwestern Canada and Alaska. Cavity-nests in North America have been described repeatedly (Hurd 1979), from California (Michelbacher & Hurd 1954), New York (Krombein 1967), Massachusetts (Packard 1869), Pennsylvania (Gentry 1874), Colorado (Hicks 1926), and Wisconsin (Medler 1959; Medler & Lussenhop 1968).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Δερματοσκοπική ανάλυση ευρημάτων σε ασθενείς με σπογγοειδή μυκητίαση διαφόρων σταδίων
Creators: name: Τσαμαλδούπης, Αθανάσιος Νικολάου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: Σπογγοειδής Μυκητίαση
Δερματοσκόπηση
Διάφορα σταδια
Mycosis Fungoides
Dermoscopy
Different stages

description: Σκοπός της διατριβής ήταν η καταγραφή και μελέτη των δερματοσκοπικών ευρημάτων σε ασθενείς με σπογγοειδή μυκητίαση. Εξετάσαμε, αρχικά, τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά της νόσου (κλινική εικόνα, επιδημιολογία, παθογένεση, σταδιοποίηση, θεραπεία) και, ακολούθως, αναλύσαμε κριτικά το ρόλο της δερματοσκόπησης στη διάγνωσή της, βάσει των ευρημάτων προηγούμενων μελετών σε αυτό το πεδίο. Στη συνέχεια, παρουσιάσαμε αναλυτικά τα δερματοσκοπικά ευρήματα σε δείγμα 20 ασθενών που προσήλθαν στη Β’ Πανεπιστημιακή Δερματολογική Κλινική του Αριστοτελείου Πανεπιστήμιου Θεσσαλονίκης στο Νοσοκομείο Παπαγεωργίου από τον Σεπτέμβριο του 2022 έως τον Ιούνιο του 2023. Ακόμη, διερευνήσαμε εάν αυτά τα ευρήματα παρουσιάζουν σχέση εξάρτησης με το στάδιο της νόσου, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τα τρία βασικά στάδια (κηλίδων, πλακών, όζων). Τέλος, αποφανθήκαμε ότι η δερματοσκόπηση αποτελεί ένα εξαιρετικά χρήσιμο εργαλείο για τη διάγνωση της σπογγοειδούς μυκητίασης, καθώς και για την παρακολούθηση της εξέλιξής της.
description: This thesis aimed to record and study the dermoscopic findings in patients with mycosis fungoides. We first reviewed the main features of the disease (clinical picture, epidemiology, pathogenesis, staging, treatment) and then critically analyzed the role of dermoscopy in its diagnosis, based on the findings of previous studies in this field. Then, we presented in detail the dermoscopic findings in a sample of 20 patients who attended the 2nd University Dermatology Clinic of the Aristotle University of Thessaloniki at the Papageorgiou Hospital from September 2022 to June 2023. Furthermore, we investigated whether these findings show a relationship of dependence with the stage of the disease, taking into account the three main stages (patches, plaques, tumors). Finally, we decided that dermoscopy is an extremely useful tool for the diagnosis of mycosis fungoides, as well as for monitoring its staging.
Multiplicative vector fields on bundle gerbes
Creators: name: Krepski, Derek
name: Vaughan, Jennifer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C08, 53D50, 17B55

description: Infinitesimal symmetries of $S^1$-bundle gerbes are modelled with multiplicative vector fields on Lie groupoids. It is shown that a connective structure on a bundle gerbe gives rise to a natural horizontal lift of multiplicative vector fields to the bundle gerbe, and that the 3-curvature presents the obstruction to the horizontal lift being a morphism of Lie 2-algebras. Connection-preserving multiplicative vector fields on a bundle gerbe with connective structure are shown to inherit a natural Lie 2-algebra structure; moreover, this Lie 2-algebra is canonically quasi-isomorphic to the Poisson-Lie 2-algebra of the 2-plectic base manifold $(M,χ)$, where $χ$ is the 3-curvature of the connective structure. As an application of this result, we give analogues of a formula of Kostant in the 2-plectic and quasi-Hamiltonian context.
description: v3: minor edits to improve exposition. 38 pages
AN ATCA SURVEY of DEBRIS DISKS at 7 MILLIMETERS
Creators: name: Ricci, L.
name: Maddison, Sarah
name: Wilner, D.
name: MacGregor, M. A.
name: Ubach, C.
name: Carpenter, J. M.
name: Testi, L.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We present Australia Telescope Compact Array continuum observations at a wavelength of 6.8 mm of five debris disks: β Pictoris, q1 Eridani, HD 107146, HD 181327, and HD 95086. These observations provide the detection at the longest wavelengths obtained to date for all these debris disks. By combining our 6.8 mm data with previous detections at shorter sub-millimeter/millimeter wavelengths we measure the long wavelength spectral index of these sources. We then use previous estimates for the temperature of the emitting dust to derive the spectral index of the dust emissivity. Under the assumption that all the detected flux comes from dust only, we constrain the slope of the solid size distribution, assumed to be a power-law. The values that we infer for the slope of the size distribution range between about 3.36 and 3.50. We compare our findings with the case of the Fomalhaut debris disk and use these results to test the predictions of collisional cascades of planetesimal belts.
Eigenvalue processes of Elliptic Ginibre Ensemble and their Overlaps
Creators: name: Yabuoku, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the non-hermitian matrix-valued process of Elliptic Ginibre ensemble. This model includes Dyson's Brownian motion model and the time evolution model of Ginibre ensemble by using hermiticity parameter. We show the complex eigenvalue processes satisfy the stochastic differential equations which are very similar to Dyson's model and give an explicit form of overlap correlations. As a corollary, in the case of 2-by-2 matrix, we also mention the relation between the diagonal overlap, which is the speed of eigenvalues, and the distance of the two eigenvalues.
Generative Data Augmentation for Commonsense Reasoning
Creators: name: Yang, Yiben
name: Malaviya, Chaitanya
name: Fernandez, Jared
name: Swayamdipta, Swabha
name: Bras, Ronan Le
name: Wang, Ji-Ping
name: Bhagavatula, Chandra
name: Choi, Yejin
name: Downey, Doug
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in commonsense reasoning depend on large-scale human-annotated training data to achieve peak performance. However, manual curation of training examples is expensive and has been shown to introduce annotation artifacts that neural models can readily exploit and overfit on. We investigate G-DAUG^C, a novel generative data augmentation method that aims to achieve more accurate and robust learning in the low-resource setting. Our approach generates synthetic examples using pretrained language models, and selects the most informative and diverse set of examples for data augmentation. In experiments with multiple commonsense reasoning benchmarks, G-DAUG^C consistently outperforms existing data augmentation methods based on back-translation, and establishes a new state-of-the-art on WinoGrande, CODAH, and CommonsenseQA. Further, in addition to improvements in in-distribution accuracy, G-DAUG^C-augmented training also enhances out-of-distribution generalization, showing greater robustness against adversarial or perturbed examples. Our analysis demonstrates that G-DAUG^C produces a diverse set of fluent training examples, and that its selection and training approaches are important for performance. Our findings encourage future research toward generative data augmentation to enhance both in-distribution learning and out-of-distribution generalization.
description: Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2020
Moduli space of nonnegatively curved metrics on manifolds of dimension $4k+1$
Creators: name: Dessai, Anand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C20, 58D27, 58J28, 19K56, 57R55, 53C27

description: In each dimension $4k+1\geq 9$, we exhibit infinite families of closed manifolds with fundamental group $\mathbb Z_2$ for which the moduli space of metrics of nonnegative sectional curvature has infinitely many path components. Examples of closed manifolds with finite fundamental group with this property were known before only in dimension $5$ and dimensions $4k+3\geq 7$.
description: 22 pages; v7: minor changes, approximation of the published version
Antibacterial titanium nano-patterned arrays inspired by dragonfly wings
Creators: name: Bhadra, Chris M.
name: Truong, Vi Khanh
name: Pham, Vy
name: Al Kobaisi, Mohammad
name: Seniutinas, Gediminas
name: Wang, James
name: Juodkazis, Saulius
name: Crawford, Russell
name: Ivanova, Elena
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Titanium and its alloys remain the most popular choice as a medical implant material because of its desirable properties. The successful osseointegration of titanium implants is, however, adversely affected by the presence of bacterial biofilms that can form on the surface, and hence methods for preventing the formation of surface biofilms have been the subject of intensive research over the past few years. In this study, we report the response of bacteria and primary human fibroblasts to the antibacterial nanoarrays fabricated on titanium surfaces using a simple hydrothermal etching process. These fabricated titanium surfaces were shown to possess selective bactericidal activity, eliminating almost 50% of Pseudomonas aeruginosa cells and about 20% of the Staphylococcus aureus cells coming into contact with the surface. These nano-patterned surfaces were also shown to enhance the aligned attachment behavior and proliferation of primary human fibroblasts over 10 days of growth. These antibacterial surfaces, which are capable of exhibiting differential responses to bacterial and eukaryotic cells, represent surfaces that have excellent prospects for biomedical applications.
Megachile (Megachile) inermis Provancher 1888
Creators: name: Gibbs, Jason
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Rightmyer, Molly G.
name: Isaacs, Rufus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Megachilidae
Megachile
Megachile inermis

description: Megachile (Megachile) inermis Provancher 1888
County records: Alger, Alpena, Antrim, Arenac, Baraga, Bay, Benzie, Cheboygan, Chippewa, Clare, Crawford, Delta, Dickinson, Emmet, Gladwin, Gogebic, Grand Traverse, Iosco, Iron, Jackson, Kalkaska, Keweenaw, Lake, Leelanau, Livingston, Luce, Mackinac, Manistee, Marquette, Menominee, Midland, Missaukee, Montmorency, Oakland, Oceana, Ontonagon, Oscoda, Otsego, Presque Isle, Saginaw, Schoolcraft, Shiawassee, Van Buren.
Notes. Cavity-nests described from Manitoba and Sastkatchewan (Peck & Bolton 1946; Stephen 1955, 1956), Wisconsin (Medler 1958; Medler & Lussenhop 1968), and Ontario (Fye 1965).
description: Published as part of Gibbs, Jason, Ascher, John S., Rightmyer, Molly G. & Isaacs, Rufus, 2017, The bees of Michigan (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), with notes on distribution, taxonomy, pollination, and natural history, pp. 1-160 in Zootaxa 4352 (1) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4352.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1063854
Binary Curves of small fixed genus and gonality with many rational points
Creators: name: Faber, Xander
name: Grantham, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We determine the maximum number of rational points on a curve over $\mathbb{F}_2$ with fixed gonality and small genus.
description: This version differs from the published edition in one significant way: it contains an appendix on quadratic forms over finite fields (including characteristic 2) and their associated orthogonal groups