cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bridging Kant's abyss: developing the imagination in moral judgement
Creators: name: Aynsley, Gerard William
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: I argue a place for the imagination in Kant’s account of moral judgement. I then explore how the moral educator must aim to develop in the student the capacity to judge in this expanded sense. Recent scholarship has illustrated that Kant’s moral theory is more nuanced and wide-ranging than is often portrayed. It follows that moral judgement needs also be envisaged in a more expansive sense than portrayed by Kant in the second Critique. I contend that the imagination – as Kant described it – must be incorporated into our account of moral judgement, thus, making possible a judgement that is simultaneously reflective and determinate. This enlarged account of moral judgement, in turn, enables a revisiting of Kant’s problem as to how we can get from theory to practice, i.e., how there can be a connection between the supersensible realm of freedom and the actual material instance where moral action must unfold. Just as the imagination is essential to Kant’s explanation of how empirical judgements are formed and central to his explanation of aesthetic judgement, I argue that the imagination is also essential to an explanation of moral judgement, particularly, if it is to be capable of facilitating the transition from theory to practice. I propose that the imagination – at play in moral judging – enables a ‘seeing-as’ of a particular instance as rule-apt, makes possible a ‘seeing symbolically’, and, as a power of the mind, is associated with moral willing.
Views of giftedness : the perceptions of teachers and parents regarding the traits of gifted children in Saudi Arabia
Creators: name: Alamer, Saad
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis aims to investigate the perceptions of teachers and parents regarding the characteristics of gifted children in primary public schools in Saudi Arabia. To achieve these aims, three separate studies were conducted. The first study aims to elicit information and knowledge regarding the perceptions of giftedness held by the Saudis in order to gain a general understanding of participants’ perceptions about giftedness within Saudi socio-politico and religious context and to specific traits that participants considered are necessary for being a gifted child in Saudi Arabia. A series of focus groups were conducted with four groups of participants including experts in the field of giftedness, male teachers of gifted children, female teachers of gifted children, mothers of gifted children, together with one individual interview with a father of a gifted child. Based on the information received in the interviews, a list of characteristics of giftedness was comprised which was later used to develop the scale. It was also found that some traits that are commonly associated with gifted children were considered not important in gifted children (e.g., musical and artistic abilities). In Study 2, all extracted traits from Study 1 were incorporated into a draft semantic differential scale which was then administered as a pilot to teachers of gifted/non-gifted children and parents of gifted/non-gifted children at selected schools. A total of 148 participants responded in this pilot study. The results of reliability analysis suggested that the scale had adequate reliability for Saudi Arabian sample. Factor analysis suggested that the scale consisted of four factors: identified four factors here labeled: Factor One “cognitive traits of gifted children”; Factor Two “personal traits of gifted children”; Factor Three “social and leadership traits of gifted children”; Factor Four “traits perceived within religious and cultural context”. In Study 3, the revised scale was used to gather information about participants’ perceptions about giftedness. A total of 542 participants responded. The group consisted of 249 teachers of gifted and non-gifted children, and 293 parents of gifted and non-gifted children. In addition to this, 12 teachers of gifted/non-gifted and parents of gifted/non gifted were interviewed. The findings of the study revealed that the participants perceived most traits of cognitive, personal, social and leadership from a perspective similar to that found in the literature. In addition, the results showed that most participants, for religious and cultural reasons, did not appreciate traits such as talkativeness, persistence, rejecting rules, performing music, drawing animate objects. The impact of religious factor was also found when discussing leadership. It was found that most male participants perceived leadership only in males, while female participants perceived it in both genders.
Three-dimensional $O(N)$-invariant $ϕ^4$ models at criticality for $N\ge 4$
Creators: name: Hasenbusch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $O(N)$-invariant $ϕ^4$ model on the simple cubic lattice by using Monte Carlo simulations. By using a finite size scaling analysis, we obtain accurate estimates for the critical exponents $ν$ and $η$ for $N=4$, $5$, $6$, $8$, $10$, and $12$. We study the model for each $N$ for at least three different values of the parameter $λ$ to control leading corrections to scaling. We compare our results with those obtained by other theoretical methods.
description: 43 pages, 13 figures, 3 python scripts in the uploded source, text extended, references added, eq. (12) corrected
Spontaneous symmetry breaking and the dynamics of three interacting nonlinear optical resonators with gain and loss
Creators: name: Dolinina, D.
name: Yulin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of two active nonlinear resonators coupled to a linear resonator is studied theoretically. Possible stationary states and its dynamical stability are considered in detail. The spontaneous symmetry breaking is found and it is shown that this bifurcation results in the formation of asymmetric states. It is also found that the oscillating states can occur in the system in a certain range of parameters. The results of the analysis of the stationary states are confirmed by direct numerical simulations. The possibility of the switching between different states is also demonstrated by numerical experiments.
The dynamics of combined axial-torsional standing-wave ultrasonic motors
Creators: name: Liu, Daniel Kuang-Chen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Piezoelectric ultrasonic motors have the potential to enable important applications such as endovasular surgical micro-robots due to their high torque and power density at the 0.1-1 mm diameter range. A type of ultrasonic motor that is suitable for miniaturization is the combined axial-torsional standing-wave (CATS) ultrasonic motor that generates the CATS stator motion via pretwisted beam vibration converters. The operation of the motor involves (1) the generation of an ellipse-like stator tip trajectory when the pretwisted-beam stator is excited to vibrate in a CATS motion by a piezoelectric transducer, and (2) the transfer of frictional torque when the rotor is pressed against the stator tip. To gain a better understanding of the CATS ultrasonic motor, centimeter-scale prototypes were fabricated and tested to determine the characteristics of the motor design. Theoretical models of the pretwisted beam stator and the torque transfer mechanism were also investigated to help us predict the effects of various design parameters. The axial and torsional resonance frequencies of the pretwisted-beam stator needs to be matched for an effcient generation of the CATS stator motion. To help designers select the right analysis method for the design process, we investigated the validity of common pretwisted beam theories that assume the warping function of a pretwisted beam is locally identical to that of a prismatic beam. Through a scaling analysis of the equations governing the warping function of pretwisted beams -- derived using semi-inverse method and Hamilton's principle -- we obtained a set of criteria for checking the validity of the assumption. These criteria allow us to determine at what geometries the use of prismatic warping function will result in poor predictions of the axial resonance frequency and that alternative modelling methods are needed. Existing models of CATS motors ignore the vertical displacement of the rotor, predicting periodic behaviours that are contrary to the apparently random oscillations observed in the motor's steady-state operation. Our incorporation of the rotor's vertical motion results in a bouncing-disk model that explains various behaviours of the motor prototype, including the oscillations in the transient speed-time curve, and the effect of preload on stall torque and steady-state speed. The nonlinear dynamical system formed by the bouncing disk model shows that different stator trajectories and interface properties can give rise to complex phenomena such as period doubling bifurcation, chaos, and extremely long period "chattering orbits". Knowledge of the location and basins of attraction for these orbits gives us detailed understanding of the motor's behaviour that will help designers improve the performance of CATS ultrasonic motor.
In the name of Nietzsche : Deleuze and the aesthetic dimension of thought
Creators: name: Lane, David Stewart
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In this thesis, I examine the aesthetic dimension of language and thought that Gilles Deleuze affirms in his work. I argue that this dimension remains irreducible to the explanatory power of the concept and thus renders problematic any univocal understanding of the conceptual claims of his philosophy. While the material quality of language is essential to the communication of philosophical ideas, there is a paradoxical relationship between this materiality and Deleuze’s various arguments on the status of fiction, the power of the false and the aesthetic conditions of existence. By investigating Deleuze’s self-positioning in relation to key declarations by Friedrich Nietzsche on the value of art and sensibility against ‘erroneous’ conceptions of truth as a form of transcendence, I propose that Deleuze’s work manifests a contradiction between the conceptual arguments it advances and the excess of meaning that is conveyed through the material dimension of language within which these arguments are necessarily made. I explore the difficulties of the aesthetic dimension of Deleuze’s thought by analysing his method of portraying Nietzsche’s philosophy and the function, character and meaning he imparts to the proper name of ‘Nietzsche’ – especially as Deleuze situates this conceptual persona agonistically against the proper names of ‘Hegel’ and ‘Plato.’ In my reading of Deleuze, I engage with recent interpretations of his work – most notably those provided by Jacques Rancière and Alain Badiou – that illuminate different facets of the complex question surrounding the aesthetic conditions of philosophy. While Rancière highlights an aporia between the ‘ontological’ and ‘aesthetic’ principles that guide Deleuze in his approach towards the work of art, Badiou attempts to undermine Deleuze’s aesthetic gestures as he reformulates the conditions and proper operation of philosophical truth. With reference to these interpretations of Deleuze, I maintain that the relationship between the philosophical concept and its material form of presentation remains an open and fertile problem for future critical inquiry into Deleuze’s work.
A new analytical model for the contact of Gaussian rough surfaces
Creators: name: Wang, Sihe
name: Yuan, Weike
name: Liang, Xuanming
name: Wang, Gangfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper advances an analytical incremental contact model for the purely elastic or elastic-perfectly plastic Gaussian rough surfaces. The contact is modelled by the accumulation of identical circular contacts with radius given by the total truncated area at varying heights divided by the contact patch number. The contact area-load relationship is derived analytically, showing approximate linearity for the contact fraction up to 10%. Good agreement is found between the new proposed model and the direct finite element simulations. To characterize the influence of plastic deformation, a dimensionless plasticity parameter is introduced as the ratio of yield strain to root mean square gradient of the rough surface. It is demonstrated that the general elastic-plastic contact response would approach to the limit of purely elastic as the plasticity parameter increases.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Refraction of space-time wave packets in a dispersive medium
Creators: name: Yessenov, Murat
name: Faryadras, Sanaz
name: Benis, Sepehr
name: Hagan, David J.
name: Van Stryland, Eric W.
name: Abouraddy, Ayman F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space-time (ST) wave packets are a class of pulsed optical beams whose spatio-temporal spectral structure results in propagation invariance, tunable group velocity, and fascinating refractive phenomena. Here, we investigate the refraction of ST wave packets at a planar interface between two dispersive, homogeneous, isotropic media. We formulate a new refractive invariant for ST wave packets in this configuration, from which we obtain a law of refraction that determines the change in their group velocity across the interface. We verify this new refraction law in ZnSe and CdSe, both of which manifest large chromatic dispersion at near-infrared frequencies in the vicinity of their band edges. ST wave packets can thus be a tool in nonlinear optics for bridging large group-velocity mismatches in highly dispersive scenarios.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Effect of lipophilicity of amylamine and amylglycine ligands on biological activity of new anticancer cisplatin analog
Creators: name: Abyaneh, Fatemeh Safa Shams
name: Mahboube Eslami Moghadam
name: Moayad Hossaini Sadr
name: Adeleh Divsalar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Investigation of side effects and solubility of anticancer drugs is a major challenge in chemotherapy science. Thus, design and synthesis of cisplatin analogs with higher lipophilicity as novel water-soluble anticancer drugs is valuable. In this work, two new Pt(II) complexes were synthesized with formula cis-[Pt(NH3)2(amylgly)]NO3 and cis-[Pt(amylamine)2(amylgly)]NO3, where gly is penthyl glycine as an amino acid. The new compounds were synthesized and extensively characterized using analytical techniques; spectroscopic methods, and conductivity measurement. The anticancer activity of synthesized complexes was investigated against colon cancer cell line HCT116 using MTT assay and results showed excellent anticancer activity with Cc50 values of 36 and 270 M after 24-h incubation time for cis-[Pt(NH3)2(amylgly)]NO3 and cis-[Pt(NH2-amyl)2(amylgly)]NO3, respectively; which is lower than that for cisplatin. These complexes were also interacted with highly polymerized calf thymus DNA and the binding mode of the complexes to CT-DNA was evaluated by fluorescence, circular dichroism, and UV spectroscopy. The calculation of binding and thermodynamic of Pt(II) complexes with CT-DNA can provide deeper insight into mechanism of the action of these types of complexes with nucleic acids. So, thermodynamic parameters were also determined according to isothermal titration. In comparison with cis-[Pt(NH3)2(amylgly)]NO3 in DNA interaction, the result show that cis-[Pt(NH2-amyl)2(amylgly)]NO3 has higher affinity with binding constant Kf = 8.72 mM to CT-DNA. The results indicate that cis-[Pt(amylamine)2(amylgly)]NO3 with large and bulky aliphatic group bind to CT-DNA by different modes and covalent and groove bindings were preferred mode of interaction with DNA.
IGM damping wing constraints on reionisation from covariance reconstruction of two $z\gtrsim7$ QSOs
Creators: name: Greig, Bradley
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Wang, Feige
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bright, high redshift ($z>6$) QSOs are powerful probes of the ionisation state of the intervening intergalactic medium (IGM). The detection of Ly$α$ damping wing absorption imprinted in the spectrum of high-z QSOs can provide strong constraints on the epoch of reionisation (EoR). In this work, we perform an independent Ly$α$ damping wing analysis of two known $z>7$ QSOs; DESJ0252-0503 at $z=7.00$ (Wang et al.) and J1007+2115 at $z=7.51$ (Yang et al.). For this, we utilise our existing Bayesian framework which simultaneously accounts for uncertainties in: (i) the intrinsic Ly$α$ emission profile (reconstructed from a covariance matrix of measured emission lines; extended in this work to include NV) and (ii) the distribution of ionised (H\,{\scriptsize II}) regions within the IGM using a $1.6^3$ Gpc$^3$ reionisation simulation. This approach is complementary to that used in the aforementioned works as it focuses solely redward of Ly$α$ ($1218 < λ< 1230$Å) making it more robust to modelling uncertainties while also using a different methodology for (i) and (ii). We find, for a fiducial EoR morphology, $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.64\substack{+0.19 \\ -0.23}$ (68 per cent) at $z=7$ and $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.27\substack{+0.21 \\ -0.17}$ at $z=7.51$ consistent within $1σ$ to the previous works above, though both are slightly lower in amplitude. Following the inclusion of NV into our reconstruction pipeline, we perform a reanalysis of ULASJ1120+0641 at $z=7.09$ (Mortlock et al.) and ULASJ1342+0928 at $z=7.54$ (Bañados et al.) finding $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.44\substack{+0.23 \\ -0.24}$ at $z=7.09$ and $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.31\substack{+0.18 \\ -0.19}$ at $z=7.54$. Finally, we combine the QSO damping wing constraints for all four $z\gtrsim7$ QSOs to obtain a single, unified constraint of $\bar{x}_{\rm HI} = 0.49\substack{+0.11 \\ -0.11}$ at $z=7.29$.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Submitted to MNRAS, comments welcome
Legal and ethical framework for global health information and biospecimen exchange - an international perspective.
Creators: name: Bernasconi, Lara
name: Şen, Selçuk
name: Angerame, Luca
name: Balyegisawa, Apolo P
name: Hong Yew Hui, Damien
name: Hotter, Maximilian
name: Hsu, Chung Y
name: Ito, Tatsuya
name: Jörger, Francisca
name: Krassnitzer, Wolfgang
name: Phillips, Adam T
name: Li, Rui
name: Stockley, Louise
name: Tay, Fabian
name: Von Heijne Widlund, Charlotte
name: Wan, Ming
name: Wong, Creany
name: Yau, Henry
name: Hiemstra, Thomas F
name: Uresin, Yagiz
name: Senti, Gabriela
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: data sharing
Biobanking
Big Data
International Exchange
Research Policies

description: BACKGROUND:The progress of electronic health technologies and biobanks holds enormous promise for efficient research. Evidence shows that studies based on sharing and secondary use of data/samples have the potential to significantly advance medical knowledge. However, sharing of such resources for international collaboration is hampered by the lack of clarity about ethical and legal requirements for transfer of data and samples across international borders. MAIN TEXT:Here, the International Clinical Trial Center Network (ICN) reports the legal and ethical requirements governing data and sample exchange (DSE) across four continents. The most recurring requirement is ethical approval, whereas only in specific conditions approval of national health authorities is required. Informed consent is not required in all sharing situations. However, waiver of informed consent is only allowed in certain countries/regions and under certain circumstances. The current legal and ethical landscape appears to be very complex and under constant evolution. Regulations differ between countries/regions and are often incomplete, leading to uncertainty. CONCLUSION:With this work, ICN illuminates the unmet need for a single international collaborative framework to facilitate DSE. Harmonising requirements for global DSE will reduce inefficiency and waste in research. There are many challenges to realising this ambitious vision, including inconsistent terminology and definitions, and heterogeneous and dynamic legal constraints. Here, we identify areas of agreement and significant difference as a necessary first step towards facilitating international collaboration. We propose the establishment of a working group to continue the comparison across jurisdictions, create a standardised glossary and define a set of basic principles and fundamental requirements for DSE.
Lattice dynamics and its effects on magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy of pristine and hole-doped YCo$_5$ from first principles
Creators: name: Xing, Guangzong
name: Miura, Yoshio
name: Tadano, Terumasa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the lattice dynamics effects on the phase stability and magnetocrystalline anisotropy (MCA) energy of CaCu$_5$-type YCo$_5$ at finite temperatures using first-principles calculations based on density functional theory (DFT). Harmonic lattice dynamics (HLD) calculations indicate that YCo$_5$ with 56 full valance electrons is dynamically unstable and this instability can be cured by reducing the number of electrons ($N_e$). Crystal orbital Hamilton population analysis reveals that the observed phonon instability originates from the large population of antibonding states near the Fermi level, which is dominated by the Co atoms in the honeycomb layer. The antibonding state depopulates with decreasing $N_e$, resulting in stable phonons for hole-doped YCo$_5$ with $N_e$ $\leq$ 55. We then evaluate the temperature-dependent MCA energy using both HLD and $ab$ $initio$ molecular dynamics (AIMD) methods. For the pristine YCo$_5$, we observe a very weak temperature decay of the MCA energy, indicating little effect of lattice dynamics. Also, the MCA energies evaluated with AIMD at all target temperatures are larger than that of the static hexagonal lattice at 0 K, which is mainly attributed to the structural distortion driven by soft phonon modes. In the hole-doped YCo$_5$, where the distortion is suppressed, a considerable temperature decay in MCA energy is obtained both in HLD and AIMD methods, showing that lattice dynamics effects on MCA energy are non-negligible.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, and 2 tables in total
Prenatal and birth predictors of objectively measured physical activity and sedentary time in three population-based birth cohorts in Brazil.
Creators: name: Ding, Ding
name: Mielke, Gregore I
name: Silva, Inacio Crochemore M
name: Wehrmeister, Fernando C
name: Horta, Bernardo L
name: Brage, Soren
name: Hallal, Pedro C
name: Ekelund, Ulf
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020

description: Physical inactivity is a global pandemic with no signs of improvement. Prolonged sitting time is an emerging risk factor that exacerbates the health consequences of physical inactivity. Both behaviours are influenced by various individual and environmental factors but it remains unknown whether early-life exposures "program" these behaviours in later life. The current evidence is limited by a small number of studies which were primarily conducted in high-income countries, and a narrow range of early-life variables examined. Using data from three population-based Brazilian birth cohorts (analytical samples: n = 2740 for 1982 cohort, aged 30 years; n = 3592 for 1993 cohort, aged 18; n = 2603 for 2004 cohort, aged 6), we show that being female and higher family socioeconomic status at birth are strong and consistent predictors of lower physical activity and higher sedentary time from childhood to adulthood. Meanwhile, higher birth weight and lower birth order may also predict lower physical activity and higher sedentary time. Our findings are distinct from evidence from high-income countries, suggesting the importance of broader socioeconomic context in determining individual's activity patterns through the life- course. Such evidence is essential for understanding the biological etiology and socioeconomic context of physical activity and sedentary behaviour at an early stage in life.
Spatially decomposed $γ$-ray features surrounding SNR Kes 79 & PSR J1853+0056
Creators: name: He, Xinbo
name: Cui, Yudong
name: Yeung, Paul K. H.
name: Tam, P. H. Thomas
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Chen, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There have been substantial improvements on Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) data and analysis tools since the last analysis on the mid-aged supernova remnant (SNR) Kes 79 (Auchettl et al. 2014). Recent multi-wavelength studies confirmed its interaction with molecular clouds. About $0.36\degr$ north from Kes 79, a powerful pulsar -- PSR J1853+0056 also deserves our attention. In this work, we analyse the 11.5-year Fermi-LAT data to investigate the $γ$-ray feature in/around this complex region. Our result shows a more significant detection ($\sim$34.8$σ$ in 0.1--50 GeV) for this region. With $\ge$5 GeV data, we detect two extended sources -- Src-N (the brighter one; radius $\approx0.31\degr$) concentrated at the north of the SNR while enclosing PSR J1853+0056, and Src-S (radius $\approx0.58\degr$) concentrated at the south of the SNR. Their spectra have distinct peak energies ($\sim$1.0 GeV for Src-N and $\lesssim$0.5 GeV for Src-S), suggesting different origins for them. In our hadronic model that includes the leaked cosmic-rays (CRs) from the shock-cloud collision, even with extreme values of parameters, SNR Kes 79 can by no means provide enough CRs reaching clouds at Src-N to explain the local GeV spectrum. We propose that the Src-N emission could be predominantly reproduced by a putative pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J1853+0056. On the other hand, our same hadronic model can reproduce a majority of the GeV emission at Src-S with typical values of parameters, while the three known pulsars inside Src-S release a total power that is too low to account for half of its $γ$-ray emission.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 3 of Temporal trajectories of important diseases in the life course and premature mortality in the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Shang, Xianwen
name: Zhang, Xueli
name: Huang, Yu
name: Zhu, Zhuoting
name: Zhang, Xiayin
name: Liu, Shunming
name: Liu, Jiahao
name: Tang, Shulin
name: Wang, Wei
name: Yu, Honghua
name: Ge, Zongyuan
name: He, Mingguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Figure S6. Risk for mortality associated with individual diseases of interest in life-course. Figure S7. Disease trajectory in life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with two diseases before dying from any reasons. Figure S8. Disease trajectory in life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with three diseases before dying from any reasons. Figure S9. Disease trajectory in life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with four diseases before dying from any reasons. Figure S10. Disease trajectory in life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with five diseases before dying from any reasons. Figure S11. Disease trajectory in life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with six or more diseases before dying from any reasons.
Table 1.pdf
Creators: name: Puji Purwatiningsih, Aris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 380107
subject: Financial economics
classificationCode: 380119
subject: Welfare economics
classificationCode: 380110
subject: International economics
classificationCode: 380102
subject: Behavioural economics

description: my research on the development of Islamic crowdfunding from 2013 - 2022
An evolutionary switch from sibling rivalry to sibling cooperation, caused by a sustained loss of parental care.
Creators: name: Rebar, Darren
name: Bailey, Nathan W
name: Jarrett, Benjamin J M
name: Kilner, Rebecca M
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Competition
Cooperation
Parental care
Burying Beetle
Indirect Genetic Effect

description: Sibling rivalry is commonplace within animal families, yet offspring can also work together to promote each other's fitness. Here we show that the extent of parental care can determine whether siblings evolve to compete or to cooperate. Our experiments focus on the burying beetle Nicrophorus vespilloides, which naturally provides variable levels of care to its larvae. We evolved replicate populations of burying beetles under two different regimes of parental care: Some populations were allowed to supply posthatching care to their young (Full Care), while others were not (No Care). After 22 generations of experimental evolution, we found that No Care larvae had evolved to be more cooperative, whereas Full Care larvae were more competitive. Greater levels of cooperation among larvae compensated for the fitness costs caused by parental absence, whereas parental care fully compensated for the fitness costs of sibling rivalry. We dissected the evolutionary mechanisms underlying these responses by measuring indirect genetic effects (IGEs) that occur when different sibling social environments induce the expression of more cooperative (or more competitive) behavior in focal larvae. We found that indirect genetic effects create a tipping point in the evolution of larval social behavior. Once the majority of offspring in a brood start to express cooperative (or competitive) behavior, they induce greater levels of cooperation (or competition) in their siblings. The resulting positive feedback loops rapidly lock larvae into evolving greater levels of cooperation in the absence of parental care and greater levels of rivalry when parents provide care.
Parameter estimation of microlensed gravitational waves with Conditional Variational Autoencoders
Creators: name: Bada-Nerin, Roberto
name: Bulashenko, Oleg
name: Freitas, Osvaldo Gramaxo
name: Font, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational lensing of gravitational waves (GWs) provides a unique opportunity to study cosmology and astrophysics at multiple scales. Detecting microlensing signatures, in particular, requires efficient parameter estimation methods due to the high computational cost of traditional Bayesian inference. In this paper we explore the use of deep learning, namely Conditional Variational Autoencoders (CVAE), to estimate parameters of microlensed binary black hole (simulated) waveforms. We find that our CVAE model yields accurate parameter estimation and significant computational savings compared to Bayesian methods such as Bilby (up to five orders of magnitude faster inferences). Moreover, the incorporation of CVAE-generated priors into Bilby, based on the 95% confidence intervals of the CVAE posterior for the lensing parameters, reduces Bilby's average runtime by around 48% without any penalty on accuracy. Our results suggest that a CVAE model is a promising tool for future low-latency searches of lensed signals. Further applications to actual signals and integration with advanced pipelines could help extend the capabilities of GW observatories in detecting microlensing events.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
TIFR Treasures for Astronomy from Ground to Space
Creators: name: Ghosh, Supriyo
name: Ojha, Devendra K.
name: Sharma, Saurabh
name: Naik, Milind B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infrared astronomy group of Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics at Tata Institute of Fundamental Research has been pursuing astronomical instrumentation activities since its inception. The group has been routinely involved in balloon-borne astronomy programs from the field station at Hyderabad with indigenously developed payloads. Ground-based astronomical activities began with a single element infrared detector. Later, over time, larger format array detectors are being used in the cameras. These astronomy cameras have been routinely used at observatories across India. Recently, the group has also developed a laboratory model of the Infrared Spectroscopic Imaging Survey payload, targeted for the small satellite mission of the Indian Space Research Organisation, which will carry out spectroscopic measurements in the wavelength range 1.7 to 6.4 $μ$m seamlessly
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Special Issue of Journal of Astrophysics & Astronomy, 2022, Astrophysical jets and observational facilities: National perspective, 05 - 09 April 2021, ARIES, Nainital
Pressure sensing through Piezo channels controls whether cells migrate with blebs or pseudopods.
Creators: name: Srivastava, Nishit
name: Traynor, David
name: Piel, Matthieu
name: Kabla, Alexandre J
name: Kay, Robert R
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Chemotaxis
Dictyostelium
cell migration
Blebbing
Piezo

description: Blebs and pseudopods can both power cell migration, with blebs often favored in tissues, where cells encounter increased mechanical resistance. To investigate how migrating cells detect and respond to mechanical forces, we used a "cell squasher" to apply uniaxial pressure to Dictyostelium cells chemotaxing under soft agarose. As little as 100 Pa causes a rapid (<10 s), sustained shift to movement with blebs rather than pseudopods. Cells are flattened under load and lose volume; the actin cytoskeleton is reorganized, with myosin II recruited to the cortex, which may pressurize the cytoplasm for blebbing. The transition to bleb-driven motility requires extracellular calcium and is accompanied by increased cytosolic calcium. It is largely abrogated in cells lacking the Piezo stretch-operated channel; under load, these cells persist in using pseudopods and chemotax poorly. We propose that migrating cells sense pressure through Piezo, which mediates calcium influx, directing movement with blebs instead of pseudopods.
title: 02_1236
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Additional file 4 of Temporal trajectories of important diseases in the life course and premature mortality in the UK Biobank
Creators: name: Shang, Xianwen
name: Zhang, Xueli
name: Huang, Yu
name: Zhu, Zhuoting
name: Zhang, Xiayin
name: Liu, Shunming
name: Liu, Jiahao
name: Tang, Shulin
name: Wang, Wei
name: Yu, Honghua
name: Ge, Zongyuan
name: He, Mingguang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Figure S12. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with two diseases before dying from cancer. Figure S13. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with three diseases before dying from cancer. Figure S14. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with four diseases before dying from cancer. Figure S15. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with five diseases before dying from cancer. Figure S16. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with six or more diseases before dying from cancer. Figure S17. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with two diseases before dying from cardiovascular disease. Figure S18. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with three diseases before dying from cardiovascular disease. Figure S19. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with four diseases before dying from cardiovascular disease. Figure S20. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with five diseases before dying from cardiovascular disease. Figure S21. Disease trajectory in the whole life-course among individuals who were diagnosed with six or more diseases before dying from cardiovascular disease.
Additional file 1 of An emerging role of microplastics in the etiology of lung ground glass nodules
Creators: name: Chen, Qiqing
name: Gao, Jiani
name: Yu, Hairui
name: Su, Hang
name: Yang, Yan
name: Cao, Yajuan
name: Zhang, Qun
name: Ren, Yijiu
name: Hollert, Henner
name: Shi, Huahong
name: Chen, Chang
name: Liu, Haipeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of patients. Table S2. Clinical information of lung cancer patients. Figure S1. Length and width distribution of microfibers and microplastics. a the length distribution of microfibers; b the width distribution of microfibers; c the length distribution of microplastics; d the width distribution of microplastics. MF microfiber, MP microplastic. T tumor tissue, N normal tissue. Figure S2. Microfiber characteristics in matched tumor/normal samples. a width and length distribution; b color and composition type distribution. T tumor tissue, N normal tissue. Note: Only patients samples possessing microfibers in both tumor and adjacent normal tissue are included in this figure. Figure S3. Representative pictures of airborne cotton and rayon. a cotton with smooth surface; b cotton with rough surface; c rayon with smooth surface; d rayon with rough surface. Figure S4. Representative pictures of laboratory prepared cotton and rayon microfibers before and after experimental processes (digestion, observation, and identification). a cotton before processes; b cotton after processes; c rayon before processes; d rayon after processes. Figure S5. Microfiber surficial elemental composition illustrated by SEM/EDS. a cotton from a tumor tissue; b cotton from a normal tissue; c EDS figure for (a); d EDS figure for (b); e polyester from a tumor tissue; f polyester from a normal tissue; g EDS figure for (e); h EDS figure for (f).
Under the dominion of light : an ecocritical mythography
Creators: name: Berry, Geoffrey Noel
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Light is mobilised as a symbol with positive value so ubiquitously that it can seem almost universally and timelessly ‘Good.’ Yet the purposes to which light’s widespread association with truth, justice and order is put reveal widespread abuse. This thesis investigates the extent to which the symbol of light in western traditions can be seen to stand for ecologically harmful ways of life and beliefs. Behind this history is the idea that light might enjoy a true home elsewhere, other than earth, and that therefore human loyalty to light’s positive qualities does not necessitate appropriate fidelity to our home here. Yet a powerful paradox operates at the heart of this ‘looking away,’ such that the contemporary western (and westernised) individual is enculturated into a habit of desacralised consumption. We assert transcendence over the earth even while we eat our way through it, that is to say, benefiting from corporeality while damaging the conditions upon which our lives depend. Paradoxically, while the globalising hegemony of materialistic consumption grounds us here on earth, it does so with a transcendental aim in mind, and this desire to master the earth reveals our inability to feel truly at home here. Thus light is construed, according to its contemporary deployment, to symbolise a yearned-for state of transcendence best recognised as an eternal feasting in the halls of immortality. This mythic quest is deeply ensconced within the psyche of not only the west but in many varieties of settlement civilisation. My investigation thus seeks to uncover moments of continued influence, in the institutionalisation and maintenance of this luminescent effulgence, across the ten millennia-long history of a shared mythic infrastructure. It concludes that light’s symbolic value can be seen as having a damaging influence, in terms of human relations with the earth, to the extent that it holds out a hope of transcendence in an ‘eternal elsewhere’ independent of material conditions here. It is my argument that capitalism and its commodity fetish maintain this vain hope. The ‘eternal elsewhere’ is theorised to arise, in a particular form, with the growth in the relatively new way of organising human society, that of settlement civilisation. This way of life entails the rise of centralised political and military power, often on behalf of a solar god of universal might, an idea today extended into a global hegemony of capital and a materialised light of consumption. This thesis highlights many of the ways in which this anthropocentrism is manifest as a way of life. In the final analysis, however, the capacity for transformation encoded in western mythopoeia offers hope and this can be represented with new construals of the symbol of light.
Border crossings : writing, confinement and the voice
Creators: name: Hibberd, Lillian Margaret
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This research project examines how the ‘voice’ functions as a significant device in my studio research. It argues that particular conceptions of the ‘voice’ and certain approaches to writing have the capacity to contend with the notion of the ‘border’. This research scrutinises how the ‘voice’ functions alongside other strategies of dissonance to make a ‘border crossing’ within aesthetic forms. It examines a wide range of approaches within literary and cinematic practice to support this assertion, and these approaches illustrate how artistic forms can traverse aesthetic borders. The study of cinematic and literary strategies of dissonance provides the framework for an analysis of the complex relationship between symbolic border crossings in aesthetic form and social and political realities. The exegesis draws on this field of enquiry in order to specifically investigate the role of writing and the ‘voice’ in my art practice, in correspondence with disciplines of cinema and literature. The studio research is centred on two artworks, First Love and Bordertown, and these projects employ writing in order to deal explicitly with the notion of the ‘border’ and the experience of confinement. By critically examining the ‘voice’ through my studio practice and across cinematic and literary disciplines, this research offers new approaches to writing as a contemporary art practice.
Exponential Mixing by Orthogonal Non-Monotonic Shears
Creators: name: Hill, Joe Myers
name: Sturman, Rob
name: Wilson, Mark C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A25

description: Non-monotonic velocity profiles are an inherent feature of mixing flows obeying non-slip boundary conditions. There are, however, few known models of laminar mixing which incorporate this feature and have proven mixing properties. Here we present such a model, alternating between two non-monotonic shear flows which act in orthogonal (i.e. perpendicular) directions. Each shear is defined by an independent variable, giving a two-dimensional parameter space within which we prove the mixing property over open subsets. Within these mixing windows, we use results from the billiards literature to establish exponential mixing rates. Outside of these windows, we find large parameter regions where elliptic islands persist, leading to poor mixing. Finally, we comment on the challenges of extending these mixing windows and the potential for a non-exponential mixing rate at particular parameter values.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures