Ampullaria dira
Creators: name: Cowie, Robert H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Architaenioglossa
Ampullariidae
Ampullaria
Ampullaria dira

description: dira
Ampullaria dira Reeve, 1856e: pl. 26, fig. 125. Type material —location unknown [not found in NHMUK or NMW (cf. Dance 1986: 223)]. Type locality —[no locality given]. Distribution —possibly “portugiesischen Südwestafrika ” [= Angola] (Kobelt 1912b: 71) or Madagascar (Alderson 1925: 84).
Remarks. Possibly a young specimen of occidentalis Mousson, teste Kobelt (1912b: 71). Probably a synonym of madagascariensis Smith, teste Alderson (1925: 84). Valid species, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 58), and retained here as such, pending further research. Appears to be a N. comb. with Pila.
dumesniliana
Ampullaria dumesniliana Billotte, 1885: 104, 109, pl. 6, fig. 2. Type material —location unknown. Type locality —“Pays des Çomalis, dans la vallé de l’Ouébi-Doboï, près de Muerka” [Somalia, in the valley of the River Shebelle, near Muerca].
Remarks. Noted as from Somalia by Paetel (1887: 478), referencing the listing of the species by Mayer (1886 [as “1885”]: 78). Variety of ovata Olivier, teste Alderson (1925: 93). Synonym of ovata Olivier, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 60), followed by Pain (1952: 287), and of wernei Philippi, teste Pain (1961: 18), followed here, all as “ dumesmiliana ”. Misspelled as “ Dumesnili ” by Germain (1907a: 232).
+ eleanorae
Pila ovata eleanorae Mandahl-Barth, 1954: 41 –42, figs. 13a–c. Type material — syntypes: MRAC 580382 (3 spms.), MRAC 586373 (1 spm.), NHMUK 1968592 (3 spms., labelled “ paratypes ”), NMW.Z.1981.118.00135 (1 spm.), NMW.Z.1981.118.02909 (2 spms.), RBINS MT 131 (1 spm.). Type locality —“Victoria Nile, at Bujagali”; “ 0°31' N, 33°07' E ” (Mandahl-Barth 1954: 11). Distribution —no additional information.
Remarks. A very distinct subspecies of ovata Olivier, teste Pain (1961: 16).
elongata
Ampullaria kordofana variété elongata Rochebrune & Germain, 1904: 6. Type material — holotype [by monotypy: “Un seul”]: location unknown. Type locality —“rivière Omo; 600 m. altitude” [Omo River, Ethiopia (Maurette 1905: 271)].
Remarks. Synonym of ovata Olivier, teste Pain (1952: 286).
emini
Ampullaria ovata Var. emini Martens, 1897a: 160, text fig. Type material — lectotype (Pain 1961: 15): location unknown. Type locality —“Victoria-Nyansa bei Nyemirembe im Südwesten” [Lake Victoria at Nyemirembe in the south west].
Remarks. Martens (1897a: 160) listed a number of localities. Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 182) gave the type locality as “Nyemirembe on Lake Victoria”, the locality of the shell illustrated by Martens. Dartevelle & Schwetz (1947: 15) reported it from Lake Edward. Pain (1952: 290) referred to the “ type shell” (presumably that illustrated by Martens), from Nyemirembe, but this statement does not constitute a lectotype designation as there were multiple specimens of different ages (“in verschiedenem Alter”) indicated by Martens from Nyemirembe and it does not explicitly identify a particular one of these and indicate that it was being selected from the type series to serve as the name-bearing type (Code, Art. 74.5). Pain (1961: 15), in a table of measurements of gordoni Smith, repeated the measurements given by von Martens’ in the first row, with the correct locality, but on the second row gave those of a smaller shell from “Napoleon Gulf” (a locality not listed by von Martens), apparently identified as the “ Type of emini Mtns.”; this is considered here as an error in the layout of the table (perhaps by the printer) and is treated as designation of the specimen with the dimensions in the first row as a lectotype, as Pain unambiguously selected that particular syntype to act as the unique name-bearing type of the taxon (Code, Art. 74.5). NMW.1955.158.25258 (1 spm.) bears a label indicating that it is a “cotype” of emini Martens and that it originated from the ZMB, but it does not match the original description in shape or size and is here not considered as such. Variety of ovata Olivier, teste Kobelt (1912b: 52), Alderson (1925: 93, 95) and Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 182) and retained as a subspecies, but doubtfully, by Pain (1952: 289). Treated as an “extreme form” of gordoni Smith but listed in its synonymy by Pain (1961: 14, 15), which is here considered as having synonymized it.
encaustica
Ampullaria encaustica Reeve, 1856c: pl. 16, fig. 76. Type material — syntype: NHMUK 20020691. Type locality —[no locality given].
Remarks. NHMUK label says “ India ”. Variety of globosa Swainson, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 59). Synonym of globosa Swainson, teste Prashad (1923: 587, 1925: 71), followed here.
erythrochila
Ampullaria turbinis var. erythrochila Dautzenberg & Fischer, 1906: 428. Type material — lectotype (Cowie & Héros 2012: 802): MNHN 4738. Type locality —“Cochinchine: Mékong à Chaudoc” [Vietnam].
Remarks. Variety of turbinis Lea, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 61; as “ erythrocheila ”). Synonym of turbinis Lea, teste Annandale (1920a: 15), of ampullacea Linnaeus (as “ ampullaria ”), teste Habe (1964: 49–50; as “ erythrocheila ”), and of pesmei Morlet, teste Brandt (1974: 51; as “ erythrocheila ”), followed here. Treated as a valid species by Cowie & Héros (2012: 802).
exigua
Ampullaria exigua Philippi, 1852b: 26 [1852a: 46, pl. 13, fig. 4]. Type material —possible syntypes: MNHNCL 15899 (2 spms., the larger identified as cecillei Philippi, old number 61.057). Type locality —[no locality given].
Remarks. The Nile given as locality by Bourguignat (1879: 32), specifically in Egypt by Billotte (1885: 109), although Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 176) doubted that this species is African. Valid species from Egypt, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 58), citing Paetel. Synonym of ovata Olivier, teste Pain (1952: 287), followed here.
expansa
Ampullaria conica Var. expansa Nevill, 1877: 9. Type material — holotype [by original designation]: NZSI 2426; paratypes: NZSI (8–10 spms., not found in 2014), the shell illustrated by Hanley & Theobald (1874: pl. 114, fig. 5), location unknown. Type locality —“Pegu” [“Tenasserim?”; “Mandalay?” also listed as localities of type material].
Remarks. Nevill (1877: 9) listed 7 specimens from Pegu and 1 each from “Tenasserim?” and “Mandalay?” in the Indian Museum, also stating that this was the form figured by Hanley & Theobald (1874: pl. 114, fig. 5) as paludinoides of Philippi. Although he stated that the “The Pegu shell is well worthy of a distinguishing name”, the term “shell” is here taken to mean the species as represented by the shells from Pegu, and including those possibly from Tenasserim and Mandalay. He gave measurements of the “ Type ”, thereby distinguishing it as the holotype, as well as of one other specimen. Nevill (1885: 5) clarified that Pegu was the type locality [“Pegu (type var.)”] and listed a total of 3 specimens from “Tennasserim (?)”. Variety of conica Wood, teste Nevill (1885: 5), Preston (1915: 101) and Prashad (1923: 590). Synonym of ampullacea Linnaeus, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 56) or of gracilis Lea, teste Prashad (1925: 81); here treated as a synonym of one or other of these, pending further research.
fasciata
Ampullaria globosa var. fasciata Hanley & Theobald, 1874: 46, pl. 113, fig. 5. Type material —location unknown [not found in NHMUK or Leeds Museum (Coan & Kabat 2012: 325)]. Type locality —“Moradabad” [northern India].
Remarks. Junior primary homonym of fasciata Roissy, 1805, fasciata Lamarck, 1816 and fasciata Reeve, 1856 (see Cowie & Thiengo 2003: 63–64). Variety of globosa Swainson, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 59) and Preston (1915: 97). Synonym of globosa Swainson, teste Prashad (1923: 587, 1925: 71), followed here.
filosa
Ampullaria filosa Reeve, 1856c: pl. 19, figs. 88a, b. Type material — syntypes: NHMUK 20140835 (3 spms.). Type locality —“ Madagascar ”.
Remarks. Pilsbry & Bequaert (1927: 176) doubted that filosa Reeve is African. Synonym of largillierti Philippi, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 59) and Alderson (1925: 84), and of cecillei Philippi, teste Starmühlner (1969: 119), followed here.
fruhstorferi
Pachylabra javanica Reeve var. fruhstorferi Kobelt, 1912b: 90. Type material — syntypes: SMF 25308 (1 spm., figured), SMF 25309 (1 spm.). Type locality —“Tenggergebirge in Ost-Java bei 800' Seehöhe” [Tengger massif, east Java, 800 feet above sea level], “Sukabumi in 2000' Seehöhe” [Sukabumi [west Java], 2000 feet above sea level].
Remarks. Synonym of scutata Mousson, teste Low et al. (2013: 56) and Ng et al. (2014: 34), followed here.
fuliginea
Ampullaria fuliginea Philippi, 1852b: 27 [1852a: 53, pl. 16, fig. 6]. Type material —location unknown. Type locality —[no locality given; “vermuthlich Madagaskar ” [probably Madagascar] (Philippi 1852a: 53)]. Remarks. Name attributed to Koch by Philippi (see also Schaufuss 1869: 55). Valid species, teste G.B. Sowerby III (1910: 58). Synonym of cecillei Philippi, teste Starmühlner (1969: 119), followed here.
description: Published as part of Cowie, Robert H., 2015, The recent apple snails of Africa and Asia (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Ampullariidae: Afropomus, Forbesopomus, Lanistes, Pila, Saulea): a nomenclatural and type catalogue. The apple snails of the Americas: addenda and corrigenda, pp. 1-92 in Zootaxa 3940 (1) on pages 34-37, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3940.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/288204