cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large-scale grid-enabled lattice-Boltzmann simulations of complex fluid flow in porous media and under shear
Creators: name: Harting, Jens
name: Venturoli, Maddalena
name: Coveney, Peter V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Well designed lattice-Boltzmann codes exploit the essentially embarrassingly parallel features of the algorithm and so can be run with considerable efficiency on modern supercomputers. Such scalable codes permit us to simulate the behaviour of increasingly large quantities of complex condensed matter systems. In the present paper, we present some preliminary results on the large scale three-dimensional lattice-Boltzmann simulation of binary immiscible fluid flows through a porous medium derived from digitised x-ray microtomographic data of Bentheimer sandstone, and from the study of the same fluids under shear. Simulations on such scales can benefit considerably from the use of computational steering and we describe our implementation of steering within the lattice-Boltzmann code, called LB3D, making use of the RealityGrid steering library. Our large scale simulations benefit from the new concept of capability computing, designed to prioritise the execution of big jobs on major supercomputing resources. The advent of persistent computational grids promises to provide an optimal environment in which to deploy these mesoscale simulation methods, which can exploit the distributed nature of compute, visualisation and storage resources to reach scientific results rapidly; we discuss our work on the grid-enablement of lattice-Boltzmann methods in this context.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phil.Trans.R.Soc.Lond.A
Tide-induced magnetic signals and their errors derived from CHAMP and Swarm satellite magnetometer observations
Creators: name: Saynisch-Wagner, Jan
name: Baerenzung, Julien
name: Hornschild, Aaron
name: Irrgang, Christopher
name: Thomas, Maik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tides
subject: Electromagnetic induction
subject: Error covariance
subject: Satellite magnetometer observations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Satellite-measured tidal magnetic signals are of growing importance. These fields are mainly used to infer Earth’s mantle conductivity, but also to derive changes in the oceanic heat content. We present a new Kalman filter-based method to derive tidal magnetic fields from satellite magnetometers: KALMAG. The method’s advantage is that it allows to study a precisely estimated posterior error covariance matrix. We present the results of a simultaneous estimation of the magnetic signals of 8 major tides from 17 years of Swarm and CHAMP data. For the first time, robustly derived posterior error distributions are reported along with the reported tidal magnetic fields. The results are compared to other estimates that are either based on numerical forward models or on satellite inversions of the same data. For all comparisons, maximal differences and the corresponding globally averaged RMSE are reported. We found that the inter-product differences are comparable with the KALMAG-based errors only in a global mean sense. Here, all approaches give values of the same order, e.g., 0.09 nT-0.14 nT for M2. Locally, the KALMAG posterior errors are up to one order smaller than the inter-product differences, e.g., 0.12 nT vs. 0.96 nT for M2.
BARRIERS TO TRADE IN AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS BETWEEN CANADA• AND THE UNITED STATES
Creators: name: Menzie, Elmer L.
name: Prentice, Barry E.
name: Menzie, Elmer L.
name: Prentice, Barry E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Agricultural trade
subject: Canada
subject: the United States
subject: Non-tariff barriers

description: The study discusses the growth and importance of trade in agricultural products between Canada and the United States. It describes in detail a number of non tariff measures and policies which tend to restrict trade flows between the two countries. While no attempt has been made to quantify the impacts of non tariff barriers, evidence presented indicates that there has been a gradual drift toward the use of non tariff restraints as tariff rates have declined. Primary non tariff restraints come from the use of quotas, licenses, and embargoes. As economic conditions worsen, there is concern that the momentum developed toward freer trade through GATT will become perilously eroded by the increased use of non tariff barriers.
The Contribution of Particle Impact to the Production of Fe K Emission from Accreting Black Holes
Creators: name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Fabian, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The iron K line is perhaps the most important spectral diagnostic available in the study of accreting black holes. The line is thought to result from the reprocessing of external X-rays by the surface of the accretion disk. However, as is observed in the solar corona, illumination by energetic particles may also produce line emission. In principle, such a process may be uncorrelated with the observed X-rays and could explain some of the unexpected variability behavior of the Fe line. This paper compares predictions of iron K flux generated by impacting electrons and protons to that from photoionization. Non-thermal power-laws of electrons are considered as well as thermal distributions of electrons and virialized protons. The electrons are thought to originate in a magnetically dominated accretion disk corona, while the protons are considered in the context of a two phase (hot/cold) accretion scenario. In each case, the Fe K flux from particle impact is found to be < 1% of that produced by photoionization by a hard X-ray power-law (normalized to the same energy flux as the particles). Thus, the electrons or protons must strike the disk with 100--10,000 times more energy flux than radiation for particle impact to be a significant producer of Fe K flux. This situation is difficult to reconcile with the observations of hard X-ray spectra, or the proposed particle acceleration mechanisms in the accretion disk corona. Truncated accretion flows must be externally illuminated by hard X-rays in order to produce the Fe line, as proton impact is very inefficient in generating line emission. In contrast to the Sun, our conclusion is that, with the possible exception for localized regions around magnetic footpoints, particle impact will not be an important contributor to the X-ray emission in accreting black holes.
description: 27 pages, 6 figures, ApJ accepted
Monorchos Treadwell 1926
Creators: name: Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I.
name: Carrera-Parra, Luis F.
name: Muir, Alexander I.
name: León-González, Jesús Angel De
name: Piotrowski, Christina
name: Sato, Masanori
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Sabellida
Sabellariidae
Monorchos

description: Monorchos Treadwell, 1926 philippinensis Treadwell, 1926: Bohol Sea, Philippines. USNM 1920F (= Tetreres philippinensis fide Kirtley 1994)
description: Published as part of Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I., Carrera-Parra, Luis F., Muir, Alexander I., León-González, Jesús Angel De, Piotrowski, Christina & Sato, Masanori, 2014, Polychaete species (Annelida) described from the Philippine and China Seas, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 3842 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3842.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4928482
Diquarks and Exotic Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Jaffe, R. L.
name: Wilczek, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the recently discovered Θbaryon is a bound state of four quarks and an antiquark, containing two highly correlated ud-pairs. If so, the Θbaryon has positive parity, and it lies in an near-ideally mixed SU(3)_{f} \mathbf{\bar{10}}_{f} oplus \mathbf{8}_{f}. The Roper resonance and the P_{11}(1710) fit naturally into this classification. We predict an isospin 3/2 multiplet of Ξ's (S=-2) with J^Π=\half^{+} around 1750 MeV. A search for manifestly exotic Ξ^{+} and Ξ^{--} in this mass range could provide a sharp test of our proposal. We predict that charm and bottom analogues of the Θbaryon are stable against strong decays.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, revtex 4, minor corrections and revisions for journal publication
SuperDTI: Ultrafast diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography with deep learning
Creators: name: Li, Hongyu
name: Liang, Zifei
name: Zhang, Chaoyi
name: Liu, Ruiying
name: Li, Jing
name: Zhang, Weihong
name: Liang, Dong
name: Shen, Bowen
name: Zhang, Xiaoliang
name: Ge, Yulin
name: Zhang, Jiangyang
name: Ying, Leslie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To propose a deep learning-based reconstruction framework for ultrafast and robust diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography. Methods: We propose SuperDTI to learn the nonlinear relationship between diffusion-weighted images (DWIs) and the corresponding tensor-derived quantitative maps as well as the fiber tractography. Super DTI bypasses the tensor fitting procedure, which is well known to be highly susceptible to noise and motion in DWIs. The network is trained and tested using datasets from Human Connectome Project and patients with ischemic stroke. SuperDTI is compared against the state-of-the-art methods for diffusion map reconstruction and fiber tracking. Results: Using training and testing data both from the same protocol and scanner, SuperDTI is shown to generate fractional anisotropy and mean diffusivity maps, as well as fiber tractography, from as few as six raw DWIs. The method achieves a quantification error of less than 5% in all regions of interest in white matter and gray matter structures. We also demonstrate that the trained neural network is robust to noise and motion in the testing data, and the network trained using healthy volunteer data can be directly applied to stroke patient data without compromising the lesion detectability. Conclusion: This paper demonstrates the feasibility of superfast diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography using deep learning with as few as six DWIs directly, bypassing tensor fitting. Such a significant reduction in scan time may allow the inclusion of DTI into the clinical routine for many potential applications.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables, 3 supporting figures
Cultivation and Enabling Effects of Social Support and Self-Efficacy in Parent–Child Dyads
Creators: name: Banik, Anna
name: Zarychta, Karolina
name: Knoll, Nina
name: Luszczynska, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social support
subject: Self-efficacy
subject: Dyads
subject: Physical activity
subject: Parent
subject: Child
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background There are two alternative mechanisms, elucidating the reciprocal relationship between self-efficacy and social support when explaining health outcomes: self-efficacy beliefs may operate as the establisher of social support (the cultivation model) or social support may enable the formation of self-efficacy beliefs (the enabling model). Purpose In line with the cultivation hypothesis, it was tested if self-efficacy (measured in parents and children) would indirectly predict parental and child moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), via the mediator, social support (parent-provided, child-received). In line with the enabling hypothesis, it was tested if social support would predict MVPA indirectly, via the mediator, self-efficacy. Methods A total of 879 parent–child dyads (1758 individuals; 52.4% girls, aged 5–11 years old, 83.2% mothers) provided self-reports at the baseline (T1) and the 7- to 8-month follow-up (T2). Body weight and height were measured objectively. Manifest path analyses were performed, controlling for the baseline levels of the mediator and dependent variables. Results A similar number of significant simple indirect effects was found for the cultivation and the enabling model. Across the models, the indirect effects followed similar patterns: (a) within-individual indirect effects in children; (b) across-individual indirect effects, with the independent variable measured in children and the mediator/dependent variables measured in parents (e.g., child self-efficacy predicted parental support provision and, indirectly, parental MVPA); (c) across-individual indirect effects, accounting for self-efficacy and MVPA measured in children, combined with parental reports of social support. Conclusions The findings provide support for both cultivation and enabling models in the context of MVPA among parent–child dyads.
Green synthesis of silver nano-insecticide from Polygonum hydropipper (Polygonaceae)
Creators: name: Chandana, C.R.
name: Kalita, Surajit
name: Patgiri, Pulin
name: Kaman, Pranjal Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Developing eco-friendly and cost-effective green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using an array of natural resources has garnered significant interest in recent years for their diverse sustainable applications, including agriculture. In our present investigation for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), phytochemicals present on the Polygonum hydropipper (Family: Polygonaceae) leaf extract acted as a reducing and stabilising agent owing to their active phytoconstituents. Biosynthesis of AgNPs was confirmed using various physio-chemical methods including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, Zeta potential, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrograph (FTIR) analysis revealed strong peaks in the range of 638–3246.3 cm−1, confirming the presence of various functional groups viz., O-H, C-H, C = C and O = C = O on the biosynthesized compound. The methodology employed in our study for the biosynthesis of AgNPs utilising P. hydropiper leaf extract exhibits significant potential for future technological advancements.
BALANCE SHEETS AND U.S. DAIRY FARMS
Creators: name: Nott, Sherrill B.
name: Nott, Sherrill B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Agricultural Finance

description: The first objective of this paper is to present balance sheet information pertaining to dairy farms as published in several different states and as an incidental benefit make you aware of the several sources from which this information is available. The second objective is to present some of the ways farm management specialists and agricultural economists are currently analyzing dairy farm balance sheets. I have made no attempt to analyze or pass judgment on the data presented; let us do that together during the discussion.
Superfluid LDA (SLDA): Local Density Approximation for Systems with Superfluid Correlations
Creators: name: Bulgac, Aurel
name: Yu, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a concise account of our development of the first genuine Local Density Approximation (LDA) to the Energy Density Functional (EDF) for fermionic systems with superfluid correlations, with a particular emphasis to nuclear systems.
description: Talk given at 10th Nuclear Physics Workshop Marie and Pierre Curie, September 24-28, 2003, Kazimierz Dolny, Poland. A few references were added and the text was expanded by one page in response to referee's suggestions
CHANGES IN ERS BROILER PRODUCTION AND MARKETING COST SERIES TO REFLECT PRODUCT FORMS IN THE 12-CITY COMPOSITE PRICE REPORT
Creators: name: Henson, William L.
name: Henson, William L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Broiler cost
subject: returns
subject: price reporting

description: The Economic Research Service reports a series of estimated costs and returns -- for broilers. The series was for basic whole bird carcass, ice-packed broilers. Returns were nine-city average broiler prices reported by the Agricultural Marketing Service. Costs were estimated by use of computerized formulas. In May 1983, the Agricultural Marketing Service replaced the nine-city price report with a 12-city composite price report. The new price report extends market coverage to include additional consumer areas and new product forms of broilers marketed. This report includes descriptions of the two price series and changes in cost estimation equations used for the cost-returns series to account for the product mix represented by the new price series.
Mild Adverse Events of Sputnik V Vaccine in Russia: Social Media Content Analysis of Telegram via Deep Learning
Creators: name: Jarynowski, Andrzej
name: Semenov, Alexander
name: Kamiński, Mikołaj
name: Belik, Vitaly
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: adverse events
subject: Sputnik V
subject: Gam-COVID-Vac
subject: social media
subject: Telegram
subject: COVID-19
subject: Sars-CoV-2
subject: vaccine safety
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: There is a limited amount of data on the safety profile of the COVID-19 vector vaccine Gam-COVID-Vac (Sputnik V). Previous infodemiology studies showed that social media discourse could be analyzed to assess the most concerning adverse events (AE) caused by drugs. Objective: We aimed to investigate mild AEs of Sputnik V based on a participatory trial conducted on Telegram in the Russian language. We compared AEs extracted from Telegram with other limited databases on Sputnik V and other COVID-19 vaccines. We explored symptom co-occurrence patterns and determined how counts of administered doses, age, gender, and sequence of shots could confound the reporting of AEs. Methods: We collected a unique dataset consisting of 11,515 self-reported Sputnik V vaccine AEs posted on the Telegram group, and we utilized natural language processing methods to extract AEs. Specifically, we performed multilabel classifications using the deep neural language model Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT) “DeepPavlov,” which was pretrained on a Russian language corpus and applied to the Telegram messages. The resulting area under the curve score was 0.991. We chose symptom classes that represented the following AEs: fever, pain, chills, fatigue, nausea/vomiting, headache, insomnia, lymph node enlargement, erythema, pruritus, swelling, and diarrhea. Results: Telegram users complained mostly about pain (5461/11,515, 47.43%), fever (5363/11,515, 46.57%), fatigue (3862/11,515, 33.54%), and headache (2855/11,515, 24.79%). Women reported more AEs than men (1.2-fold, P
Dicrurus balicassius subsp. abraensis Vaurie 1947
Creators: name: Lecroy, Mary
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Dicruridae
Dicrurus
Dicrurus balicassius
Dicrurus balicassius abraensis vaurie

description: Dicrurus balicassius abraensis Vaurie
Dicrurus balicassius abraensis Vaurie, 1947: 2 (Bucay, Abra Province, northern Luzon, Philippines).
Now Dicrurus balicassius abraensis Vaurie, 1947. See Vaurie, 1949b: 277; 1962: 148; Dickinson et al., 1991: 290–291; Dickinson, 2003: 492; and Rocamora and Yeatman-Berthelot, 2009: 215– 216.
HOLOTYPE: AMNH 672673, adult male, collected at Bucay, 17.32N, 120.43E (Dickinson et al., 1991: 416), Abra Province, northern Luzon, Philippines, on 15 November 1894, by John Whitehead (no. 643). From the Rothschild Collection.
COMMENTS: In the original description, Vaurie cited the AMNH number of the holotype and listed three paratypes. Vaurie borrowed specimens from a number of institutions, and only one of the paratypes appears to be in AMNH: AMNH 672674, female, Cape Egaño, northern Luzon, 1 May 1895, collected by Whitehead (no. A341).
description: Published as part of Lecroy, Mary, 2014, Type Specimens Of Birds In The American Museum Of Natural History Part 12. Passeriformes: Ploceidae, Sturnidae, Buphagidae, Oriolidae, Dicruridae, Callaeidae, Grallinidae, Corcoracidae, Artamidae, Cracticidae, Ptilonorhynchidae, Cnemophilidae, Paradisaeidae, And Corvidae, pp. 1-165 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2014 (393) on page 55, DOI: 10.1206/885.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4629954
Green synthesis of silver nano-insecticide from Polygonum hydropipper (Polygonaceae)
Creators: name: R., Chandana. C.
name: Kalita, Surajit
name: Patgiri, Pulin
name: Kaman, Pranjal Kumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Developing eco-friendly and cost-effective green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles using an array of natural resources has garnered significant interest in recent years for their diverse sustainable applications, including agriculture. In our present investigation for green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), phytochemicals present on the Polygonum hydropipper (Family: Polygonaceae) leaf extract acted as a reducing and stabilising agent owing to their active phytoconstituents. Biosynthesis of AgNPs was confirmed using various physio-chemical methods including UV-Vis spectrophotometry, Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis, Zeta potential, Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectrograph (FTIR) analysis revealed strong peaks in the range of 638–3246.3 cm−1, confirming the presence of various functional groups viz., O-H, C-H, C = C and O = C = O on the biosynthesized compound. The methodology employed in our study for the biosynthesis of AgNPs utilising P. hydropiper leaf extract exhibits significant potential for future technological advancements.
Fermion masses and mixing in modular A4 Symmetry
Creators: name: Abbas, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a flavor model based on A4 modular group to account for both lepton and quark parameters (masses and mixing). The inverse seesaw mechanism is considered to produce the light neutrino masses. Lepton masses and mixing are obtained in terms of Yukawa coupling ratios and values of the modulus τ nearby some fixed points for inverted neutrino mass hierarchy. The quark masses and mixing are arisen at the same τ values used in inverted neutrino mass hierarchy and are in agreements with the recent data.
description: 12 pages
The ELSA trial: single versus combinatory effects of non-prohibited beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle metabolism, cardio-pulmonary function and endurance performance—study protocol for a randomized 4-way balanced cross-over trial
Creators: name: Zügel, Martina
name: Bizjak, Daniel A.
name: Nussbaumer, Dorle
name: Winkert, Kay
name: Takabayashi, Kensuke
name: Kirsten, Johannes
name: Washington, Mickel
name: Treff, Gunnar
name: Dreyhaupt, Jens
name: Parr, Maria Kristina
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Beta-2 agonists
subject: Asthma sprays
subject: Asthma
subject: Exercise
subject: Anti-doping
subject: Endurance performance
subject: Ergogenic effects
subject: WADA
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Background Asthma and/or airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) are common in elite endurance athletes with a high prevalence rate of beta-2 adrenoreceptor (beta-2) agonists use. Nevertheless, there are data on dose-dependent ergogenic effects of beta-2 agonists suggesting increased muscle strength, endurance and neuromuscular performance. Therefore, most beta-2 agonists belong to the World Anti Doping Agency (WADA) list of prohibited substances and it is tempting to speculate that illegitimate use of beta-2 agonists might be a common practice to boost performance in competitive sports. It is currently unknown whether or not inhaled beta-2 agonists enhance performance by stimulatory effects in skeletal and cardiac muscle. Methods The ELSA trial is a double-blinded, placebo-controlled, randomized, balanced, four-way cross-over study. Study participants (n=24, 12 ♀, 12 ♂) complete four study arms (i.e. periods with treatment A, placebo; B, salbutamol; C, formoterol; D, formoterol + salbutamol) in random order after an initial preliminary testing session. Participants inhale the study medication 20 min before the 10-min time trial (TT; exercise performance test), where participants cycle 10 min at the highest possible workload. Cardiac output is measured continuously. A skeletal muscle biopsy is collected 3 h after the TT. Study endpoints include measures of skeletal muscle expression of nuclear receptors, hormones and cytokine levels, urinary and plasma concentrations of salbutamol and formoterol, circulating cardiac markers, cardiopulmonary function and exercise performance (average power and peak power during the TT). Blood and urine are collected and respiratory testing is performed 24 h post TT. Summary/conclusions This clinical trial evaluates the potential performance-enhancing effects of non-prohibited, not medically indicated inhaled short- and long-acting beta-2 agonists on skeletal muscle gene expression, endocrine regulation, cardiac biomarkers, cardiopulmonary function and acute endurance exercise performance. These data will be used by WADA to adapt the annually published list of prohibited substances (WADA 2021) and will be published in scientific journals.
A RISK PROFILE OF LENDERS' FARM LOAN PORTFOLIOS
Creators: name: Gabriel, Stephen C.
name: Peterson, R. Neal
name: Starr, Vernon B.
name: Gabriel, Stephen C.
name: Peterson, R. Neal
name: Starr, Vernon B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Farm credit
subject: lender risk
subject: regional risk
subject: agricultural debt

description: Farm lenders will face difficult credit problems into at least the intermediate future. As much as 25 to 40 percent of the outstanding debt held by banks and production credit associations was owed by farmers with debt/asset ratios of 60 percent or more on January 1, 1980, when farmland values were near peak levels. Although the Farmers Home Administration held the highest percent of farm loans owed by high leverage farmers, production credit associations, merchants, and commercial banks had a relatively large percentage of their farm loans directed at high leverage farmers. The Delta and Southeastern States had the highest percentage of farm debt owed by highly leveraged farmers. Given the general deterioration of farmland values in many regions of the country since 1980, the situation today is likely much worse, with the Delta and Southeastern States remaining in the most critical condition
Additional file 1 of Methodology of the health economic evaluation of the Feel4Diabetes-study
Creators: name: Willems, Ruben
name: Pil, Lore
name: Christina-Paulina Lambrinou
name: Kivelä, Jemina
name: Wikström, Katja
name: Gonzalez-Gil, Esther M.
name: Miguel-Etayo, Pilar De
name: Nánási, Anna
name: Semánová, Csilla
name: Stappen, Vicky Van
name: Cardon, Greet
name: Tsochev, Kaloyan
name: Iotova, Violeta
name: Chakarova, Nevena
name: Makrilakis, Konstantinos
name: Dafoulas, George
name: Timpel, Patrick
name: Schwarz, Peter
name: Manios, Yannis
name: Annemans, Lieven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary material can be found online. Table S1. Disease costs, stratified for age and country. Table S2. Disease-specific utility values, stratified for age and country.
ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ СОДЕРЖАНИЯ САХАРОВ И ОРГАНИЧЕСКИХ КИСЛОТ В ЯГОДАХ ЧЕРНОЙ СМОРОДИНЫ ИНТРОДУЦИРОВАННЫХ СОРТОВ СВЕРДЛОВСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ
Creators: name: Вяткин А.В.
name: Чеботок Е.М.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье представлены результаты исследования показателей кислотности, а также определения массовой доли редуцирующих и общих сахаров у ягод черной смородины. Обоснована технологическая пригодность и целесообразность переработки ягод с целью расширения ассортимента продуктов питания функциональной направленности
THE INCREASING IMPORTANCE OF LABOR MANAGEMENT ON LARGE DAIRY FARMS
Creators: name: Erven, Bernard L.
name: Erven, Bernard L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: In this paper, the changing characteristics of the labor input on large dairy farms (those with more than 100 cows) are first examined. The four functions (procurement, development, motivation and maintenance) of a farm labor manager are then defined. The heart of the paper is a discussion of the implications of large dairy farm characteristics for each farm labor management function.
Regression with Deep Learning for Sensor Performance Optimization
Creators: name: Vaila, Ruthvik
name: Lloyd, Denver
name: Tetz, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks with at least two hidden layers are called deep networks. Recent developments in AI and computer programming in general has led to development of tools such as Tensorflow, Keras, NumPy etc. making it easier to model and draw conclusions from data. In this work we re-approach non-linear regression with deep learning enabled by Keras and Tensorflow. In particular, we use deep learning to parametrize a non-linear multivariate relationship between inputs and outputs of an industrial sensor with an intent to optimize the sensor performance based on selected key metrics.
description: Accepted in Workshop on Microelectronics and Electron Devices March 30th, 2020
Rate-Distortion Optimized Encoding for Deep Image Compression
Creators: name: Schäfer, Michael
name: Pientka, Sophie
name: Pfaff, Jonathan
name: Schwarz, Heiko
name: Marpe, Detlev
name: Wiegand, Thomas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Deep image compression
subject: variational auto-encoders
subject: rate-distortion optimized encoding
subject: non-linear transform coding
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik

description: Deep-learned variational auto-encoders (VAE) have shown remarkable capabilities for lossy image compression. These neural networks typically employ non-linear convolutional layers for finding a compressible representation of the input image. Advanced techniques such as vector quantization, context-adaptive arithmetic coding and variable-rate compression have been implemented in these auto-encoders. Notably, these networks rely on an end-to-end approach, which fundamentally differs from hybrid, block-based video coding systems. Therefore, signal-dependent encoder optimizations have not been thoroughly investigated for VAEs yet. However, rate-distortion optimized encoding heavily determines the compression performance of state-of-the-art video codecs. Designing such optimizations for non-linear, multi-layered networks requires to understand the relationship between the quantization, the bit allocation of the features and the distortion. Therefore, this paper examines the rate-distortion performance of a variable-rate VAE. In particular, one demonstrates that the trained encoder network typically finds features with a near-optimal bit allocation across the channels. Furthermore, one approximates the relationship between distortion and quantization by a higher-order polynomial, whose coefficients can be robustly estimated. Based on these considerations, the authors investigate an encoding algorithm for the Lagrange optimization, which significantly improves the coding efficiency.
DETERMINANTS OF PERFORMANCE OF IRRIGATION PROJECTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
Creators: name: Faeth, Paul
name: Faeth, Paul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Irrigation
subject: developing countries
subject: cost-effectiveness
subject: simulation
subject: modeling

description: Irrigation development in developing countries is very expensive and most irrigation development projects experience large cost-overruns. In addition, many projects are not as productive as planned. This report provides some insight into the key factors which cause cost escalation and performance degradation, and describe policies which may help to remedy these problems.
ETHICAL ISSUES AND INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT: NEW CHALLENGES FOR THE AGRICULTURAL ECONOMIST
Creators: name: Simpson, James R.
name: Simpson, James R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Political Economy

description: The decade ahead will witness serious questions about distribution of income, cost-benefit relationships of "development" programs, and ethical relationships in the use of scarce resources due to the "energy crisis", a drastic cut in world food balance a few years ago, the accelerated depletion of many scarce resources, and rapid population growth. Parallel with the surfacing of these development issues has been a natural concern by planners about the effect their efforts have on individuals, communities, regions and countries. This concern has brought about renewed interest in explaining the terms "development", "being developed", and "the good life". In effect, there is a growing interest in ethical aspects as they relate to goals, means and economic theory in national and international development.
Summary of: Projections of Supply and Demand for Agricultural Products in Denmark (1970-1980)
Creators: name: Cohen, Marshall H.
name: Cohen, Marshall H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Denmark
subject: Foreign agriculture
subject: Agricultural supply and demand projections

description: Demand projections from 1965 to 1980 for agricultural products in Denmark show that beef and poultry meat consumption will increase, pork consumption will remain steady, and fish will continue to be an important meat substitute. Larger imports of fruits, vegetables, and tobacco products may be anticipated. Supply projections show that increased domestic production will account for an increase in feed grain supplies. Total feed demand, however, is projected to decline as a result of a projected decline in cattle and poultry numbers and an increase in feed efficiency. While production of bread grains will decline, output of high-protein pulses is projected to increase. Pork production is projected to increase; exportable supplies are projected to rise about 25 percent. Poultry meat and egg production is forecast to decline. These projections are based on the assumption that Denmark will not join the European Economic Community and that the country's present agricultural policies will continue. Alternative projections, however, show that if Denmark joins the EEC after 1973, cow numbers will increase and production of milk and beef and veal will be higher.
description: This report summarizes the major findings of a comprehensive study, Projections of Supply and Demand for Agricultural Products in Denmark (1970-1980). The full study was conducted under contract for the Economic Research Service (ERS), U.S. Department of Agriculture, by the Economic Institute, the University of Aarhus, Denmark. The results and views expressed are those of the researchers and do not necessarily reflect those of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. The Europe and Soviet Union Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division, ERS, is responsible for any errors in interpretation of the basic study.
X-Ray Flares and Oscillations from the Black Hole Candidate X-Ray Transient XTE J1650-500 at Low Luminosity
Creators: name: Tomsick, John A.
name: Kalemci, Emrah
name: Corbel, Stephane
name: Kaaret, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on X-ray observations made with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer of the black hole candidate (BHC) transient XTE J1650-500 at the end of its first, and currently only, outburst. By monitoring the source at low luminosities over several months, we found 6 bright ~100 second X-ray flares and long time scale oscillations of the X-ray flux. The oscillations are aperiodic with a characteristic time scale of 14.2 days and an order of magnitude variation in the 2.8-20 keV flux. The oscillations may be related to optical "mini-outbursts" that have been observed at the ends of outbursts for other short orbital period BHC transients. The X-ray flares have durations between 62 and 215 seconds and peak fluxes that are 5-24 times higher than the persistent flux. The flares have non-thermal energy spectra and occur when the persistent luminosity is near 3E34 (d/4 kpc)^2 erg/s (2.8-20 keV). The rise time for the brightest flare demonstrates that physical models for BHC systems must be able to account for the situation where the X-ray flux increases by a factor of up to 24 on a time scale of seconds. We discuss the flares in the context of observations and theory of Galactic BHCs and compare the flares to those detected from Sgr A*, the super-massive black hole at the Galactic center. We also compare the flares to X-ray bursts that are seen in neutron star systems. While some of the flare light curves are similar to those of neutron star bursts, the flares have non-thermal energy spectra in contrast to the blackbody spectra exhibited in bursts. This indicates that X-ray bursts should not be taken as evidence that a given system contains a neutron star unless the presence of a blackbody component in the burst spectrum can be demonstrated.
description: 9 pages, accepted by ApJ
Shuffling functors and spherical twists on $D^\mathrm b(\mathcal O_0)$
Creators: name: Lenzen, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10, 17B55, 20F36

description: For a semisimple complex Lie algebra $\mathfrak g$, the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$ is of particular interest in representation theory. It is known that Irving's shuffling functors $\mathrm{Sh}_{w}$, indexed by elements $w\in W$ of the Weyl group, induce an action of the braid group $B_W$ associated to $W$ on the derived categories $D^\mathrm{b}(\mathcal{O}_λ)$ of blocks of $\mathcal{O}$. We show that for maximal parabolic subalgebras $\mathfrak{p}$ of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$ corresponding to the parabolic subgroup $W_\mathfrak{p}=S_{n-1}\times S_1$ of $S_n$, the derived shuffling functors $\mathbf{L}\mathrm{Sh}{s_i}$ are instances of Seidel and Thomas' spherical twist functors. Namely, we show that certain parabolic indecomposable projectives $P^\mathfrak{p}(w)$ are spherical objects, and the associated twist functors are naturally isomorphic to $\mathbf{L}\mathrm{Sh}{w}[1]$ as auto-equivalences of $D^\mathrm{b}(\mathcal{O}^\mathfrak{p})$. We give an overview of the main properties of the BGG category $\mathcal{O}$, the construction of shuffling and spherical twist functors, and give some examples how to determine images of both. To this end, we employ the equivalence of blocks of $\mathcal{O}$ and the module categories of certain path algebras.
description: 31 pages
Additional file 12 of Identification of potential novel biomarkers to differentiate malignant thyroid nodules with cytological indeterminate
Creators: name: Dandan Wu
name: Shudong Hu
name: Yongzhong Hou
name: Yingying He
name: Shubai Liu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Table S6. The Mutual Exclusivity tab of significant gene pairs. The genes pairs alternated in Thyroid cancer are mutual exclusivity. The tab provides summary statistics significant on mutual exclusivity and co-occurrence of genomic alterations in each pair of query genes. The mutual exclusivity is significant for the other two gene pairs (P
Revisit to the $b\to cτν$ transition: in and beyond the SM
Creators: name: Cheung, Kingman
name: Huang, Zhuo-Ran
name: Li, Hua-Dong
name: Lü, Cai-Dian
name: Mao, Ying-nan
name: Tang, Ru-Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform an analysis of the $b\to cτν$ data, including $R(D^{(*)})$, $R(J/ψ)$, $P_τ(D^{*})$ and $F_L^{D^*}$, within and beyond the Standard Model (SM). We fit the $B\to D^{(*)}$ hadronic form factors in the HQET parametrization to the lattice and the light-cone sum rule (LCSR) results, applying the general strong unitarity bounds corresponding to $J^P=1^-$, $1^+$, $0^-$ and $0^+$. Using the obtained HQET relations between helicity amplitudes, we give the strong unitarity bounds on individual helicity amplitudes, which can be used in the BGL fits. Using the fitted form factors and taking into account the most recent Belle measurement of $R(D^{(*)})$ we investigate the model-independent and the leptoquark model explanations of the $b\to cτν$ anomalies. Specifically, we consider the one-operator, the two-operator new physics (NP) scenarios and the NP models with a single $R_2$, $S_1$ or $U_1$ leptoquark which is supposed to be able to address the $b\to cτν$ anomalies, and our results show that the $R_2$ leptoquark model is in tension with the limit $\mathcal B(B_c\to τν)<10\%$. Furthermore, we give predictions for the various observables in the SM and the NP scenarios/leptoquark models based on the present form factor study and the analysis of NP.
description: 35 pages, 5 figures and 14 tables; Matches the published version in NPB
Three essays on financial intermediation
Creators: name: Elliott, David
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2021

description: This thesis aims to advance our understanding on several aspects of modern credit markets. The first chapter explores the implications of separating retail and investment banking. Studying the introduction of UK ring-fencing requirements, we uncover a previously undocumented mechanism through which structural separation affects the lending behaviour of universal banks: by preventing universal banks from using retail deposits to fund capital market activities, structural separation incentivises banks to rebalance away from global corporate lending and towards retail mortgage lending. This rebalancing has knock-on effects on the wider retail banking system, with ambiguous implications for competition and financial stability. As they redirect the benefits of deposit funding towards the retail mortgage market, large universal banks outcompete smaller banks, leading to an increase in market concentration. Smaller banks respond by increasing the riskiness of their lending. The second chapter studies the role of nonbank lenders in the international transmission of US monetary policy. We show that nonbank lenders weaken US monetary policy spillovers. Specifically, when US monetary policy tightens, nonbank lenders increase the supply of syndicated dollar credit to non-US borrowers, relative to banks. The substitution from bank to nonbank credit is stronger for riskier borrowers and those in emerging markets. However, this increased risk-taking is not driven by more fragile nonbank lenders, nor associated with zombie lending. The credit substitution also has real effects, as borrowers with existing relationships with nonbank lenders relatively increase total debt, investment, and employment when US monetary policy tightens. Taken together, our results suggest that nonbank lenders reduce the volatility in capital flows and economic activity associated with the global financial cycle. The third chapter turns to the corporate bond market. We study the impact of quantitative easing (QE) on market liquidity, and develop a novel econometric approach to address a reverse causality problem inherent in this question. Using the Bank of England’s Corporate Bond Purchase Scheme (CBPS) as our laboratory, we find robust evidence that QE purchases improve the liquidity of purchased bonds.
Perturbation of coupling matrices and its effect on the synchronizability in arrays of coupled chaotic systems
Creators: name: Wu, Chai Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper, wavelet analysis was used to perturb the coupling matrix in an array of identical chaotic systems in order to improve its synchronization. As the synchronization criterion is determined by the second smallest eigenvalue $λ_2$ of the coupling matrix, the problem is equivalent to studying how $λ_2$ of the coupling matrix changes with perturbation. In the aforementioned paper, a small percentage of the wavelet coefficients are modified. However, this result in a perturbed matrix where every element is modified and nonzero. The purpose of this paper is to present some results on the change of $λ_2$ due to perturbation. In particular, we show that as the number of systems $n \to \infty$, perturbations which only add local coupling will not change $λ_2$. On the other hand, we show that there exists perturbations which affect an arbitrarily small percentage of matrix elements, each of which is changed by an arbitrarily small amount and yet can make $λ_2$ arbitrarily large. These results give conditions on what the perturbation should be in order to improve the synchronizability in an array of coupled chaotic systems. This analysis allows us to prove and explain some of the synchronization phenomena observed in a recently studied network where random coupling are added to a locally connected array. Finally we classify various classes of coupling matrices such as small world networks and scale free networks according to their synchronizability in the limit.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, 1 table