cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Radiative Turbulent Mixing Layers and the Survival of Magellanic Debris
Creators: name: Bustard, Chad
name: Gronke, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Magellanic Stream is sculpted by its infall through the Milky Way's circumgalactic medium, but the rates and directions of mass, momentum, and energy exchange through the Stream-halo interface are relative unknowns critical for determining the origin and fate of the Stream. Complementary to large-scale simulations of LMC-SMC interactions, we apply new insights derived from idealized, high-resolution "cloud-crushing" and radiative turbulent mixing layer simulations to the Leading Arm and Trailing Stream. Contrary to classical expectations of fast cloud breakup, we predict that the Leading Arm and much of the Trailing Stream should be surviving infall and even gaining mass due to strong radiative cooling. Provided a sufficiently supersonic tidal swing-out from the Clouds, the present-day Leading Arm could be a series of high-density clumps in the cooling tail behind the progenitor cloud. We back up our analytic framework with a suite of converged wind-tunnel simulations, finding that previous results on cloud survival and mass growth can be extended to high Mach number ($\mathcal{M}$) flows with a modified drag time $t_{drag} \propto 1 + \mathcal{M}$ and longer growth time. We also simulate the Trailing Stream; we find that the growth time is long ($\sim$ Gyrs) compared to the infall time, and approximate H$α$ emission is low on average ($\sim$few mR) but can be up to tens of mR in bright spots. Our findings also have broader extragalactic implications for e.g. galactic winds, which we discuss.
description: Accepted to ApJ May 2022. Additional panels added to Figures 5, 6, and 9 to more clearly show cloud drag time and growth time scalings. Main conclusions unchanged
IDEOLOGY IN THE SCARLET LETTER BY NATHANIEL HAWTHORNE: A CRITICAL DISCOURSE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: WA ODE NUNIQ AFISHA A
name: LUKMAN
name: HERAWATY ABBAS
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Critical Discourse Analysis (AWK), The Scarlet Letter, Ideology.

description: Abstract

This study aims to reveal ideology in The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data collection methods and techniques used are the reading method and note-taking technique. Data were analyzed based on Norman Fairclough's Critical Discourse Analysis which focuses on analyzing text dimensions that is syntax analysis (sentence patterns) in the form of interpretation of the meaning of subject-objects. The results of this research show that sentence pattern analysis reveals power in the disposition of subjects and objects in sentences which highlights social hierarchy in the Puritan era. The social sanctions imposed on Hester as a sinner reflect the ideals of morality and holiness promoted by the Puritan government which placed them in a position of moral authority. The woman character (Hester) is depicted as a passive object without power, while the male characters, the priests, the government, and the society, are considered as active subjects with power. Based on dimensions of text analysis, two ideologies were found embedded in the novel The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne that is the Puritan ideology and patriarchal ideology.
Geometric Bogomolov conjecture in arbitrary characteristics
Creators: name: Xie, Junyi
name: Yuan, Xinyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The goal of this paper is to prove the full geometric Bogomolov conjecture. We first reduce it to the case that the extension of the base fields has transcendence degree 1, and then we prove the later case by intersection theory in algebraic geometry. The proof uses Yamaki's reduction theorem on the geometric Bogomolov conjecture and the Manin--Mumford conjecture proved by Raynaud and Hrushovski.
description: 29 pages
SPORK That Spectrum: Increasing Detection Significances from High-Resolution Exoplanet Spectroscopy with Novel Smoothing Algorithms
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Kaitlin C.
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: Rahman, Fahin
name: Rauscher, Emily
name: Beltz, Hayley
name: Ji, Alexander P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopic studies of planets outside of our own solar system provide some of the most crucial information about their formation, evolution, and atmospheric properties. In ground-based spectroscopy, the process of extracting the planet's signal from the stellar and telluric signal has proven to be the most difficult barrier to accurate atmospheric information. However, with novel normalization and smoothing methods, this barrier can be minimized and the detection significance dramatically increased over existing methods. In this paper, we take two examples of CRIRES emission spectroscopy taken of HD 209458 b and HD 179949 b and apply SPORK (SPectral cOntinuum Refinement for telluriKs) and iterative smoothing to boost the detection significance from 5.78 to 9.71 sigma and from 4.19 sigma to 5.90 sigma, respectively. These methods, which largely address systematic quirks introduced by imperfect detectors or reduction pipelines, can be employed in a wide variety of scenarios, from archival data sets to simulations of future spectrographs.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Data-Driven Reduced-Order Modeling of Spatiotemporal Chaos with Neural Ordinary Differential Equations
Creators: name: Linot, Alec J.
name: Graham, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative partial differential equations that exhibit chaotic dynamics tend to evolve to attractors that exist on finite-dimensional manifolds. We present a data-driven reduced order modeling method that capitalizes on this fact by finding the coordinates of this manifold and finding an ordinary differential equation (ODE) describing the dynamics in this coordinate system. The manifold coordinates are discovered using an undercomplete autoencoder -- a neural network (NN) that reduces then expands dimension. Then the ODE, in these coordinates, is approximated by a NN using the neural ODE framework. Both of these methods only require snapshots of data to learn a model, and the data can be widely and/or unevenly spaced. We apply this framework to the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky for different domain sizes that exhibit chaotic dynamics. With this system, we find that dimension reduction improves performance relative to predictions in the ambient space, where artifacts arise. Then, with the low-dimensional model, we vary the training data spacing and find excellent short- and long-time statistical recreation of the true dynamics for widely spaced data (spacing of ~0.7 Lyapunov times). We end by comparing performance with various degrees of dimension reduction, and find a "sweet spot" in terms of performance vs. dimension.
Neuromuskuläres Organversagen auf der Intensivstation und perioperativ
Creators: name: Wollersheim, Tobias
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: critical illness myopathy
subject: critical illness neuropathy
subject: ICUAW
subject: intensive care unit acquired weakness
subject: neuromuscular failure
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Hintergrund und Zielsetzung dieser kummulativen Habiliationsschrift: Seit 2010 beschäftige ich mich mit dem Themengebiet der erworbenen Muskelschwäche. Meinen wissenschaftlichen Arbeiten liegen klinische Observations und Interventionsstudien zu Grunde, die sich klinisch und molekular mit der Entstehung eines erworbenen muskulären Organversagens beschäftigen. In den letzten Jahren stehen die Untersuchungen von Interventionsmöglichkeiten als mögliche Therapieoptionen und Präventionsstrategien im Fokus meiner Arbeit. Die in dieser Schrift eingebrachten wissenschaftlichen Originalarbeiten untersuchen die Anwendbarkeit und Wirksamkeit von Physiotherapie und erweiterten physiotherapeutischen Verfahren als Präventionsoption zur Vermeidung oder zumindest Reduktion der Ausprägung einer erworbenen Muskelschwäche auf dem Hintergrund pathophysiologischer Observationsstudien. Eigene und andere Arbeiten der letzten Jahre haben den sehr frühen Beginn eines neuromuskulären Organverfahrens gezeigt und widersprechen dem ursprünglich angenommen Erleiden einer Muskelschwäche erst bei mehrwöchigem Aufenthalt auf der Intensivstation. Mittlerweile sind Mechanismen bekannt, die innerhalb von Tagen, wenn nicht sogar Stunden, den übermäßigen Muskelabbaus initiieren. Gerade deshalb kann Prävention nur möglich sein, wenn Interventionen zügig nach Aufnahme auf die Intensivstation beginnen. Um dem Beginn einer muskulären Schwäche noch näher zu kommen haben wir erstmalig auch elektiv operative Patienten untersucht, um die Auswirkungen des perioperativen Ablaufs auf die Muskulatur zu beobachtet. Hier konnten wir erstmalig das Auftreten einer erworbenen Muskelschwäche im unmittelbaren perioperativen Verlauf sogar ganz ohne intensivmedizinische Behandlung zeigen.
title: Malerei vor Augen stellen & in Worte fassen
title: Strategien der Veranschaulichung & Modi des Wissens in Gregorio Comaninis kunsttheoretischem Dialog Il Figino (1591)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Becker-Sawatzky, Mira
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gregorio Comanini
subject: Il Figino
subject: Wissensgeschichte
subject: Wissensmodi
subject: Malerei
subject: Kunstgeschichte
subject: Kunsttheorie
subject: Cinquecento
subject: Episteme
subject: 700 Künste und Unterhaltung::750 Malerei::759 Histor., geogr., personenbezogene Behandlung
subject: 800 Literatur::800 Literatur, Rhetorik, Literaturwissenschaft::809 Geschichte, Darstellung, Literaturwissenschaft und- kritik

description: Der Beitrag untersucht in kunst- und wissensgeschichtlicher sowie literaturwissenschaftlicher Perspektive Gregorio Comaninis Dialog Il Figino. Die Analyse zielt darauf, dieses bisher in der Forschung wenig beachtete Buch auf seine textuelle Verfasstheit sowie auf die Verhandlung von unterschiedlichen Wissensformen hin zu erfassen. Hierzu wird der Zusammenhang von Evidenz und Episteme analysiert. Es wird der These nachgegangen, dass jene Wissensformen, die die Wirkungsästhetik von Kunstwerken sowie die mediale Alterität und die genuinen ästhetischen und epistemischen Potentiale der Malerei betreffen, durch bestimmte Veranschaulichungs- und Diskursivierungsstrategien des kunsttheoretischen Dialogs zur Geltung gebracht und in ‚mitstreitender‘ Weise imitiert und kommentiert werden. So lassen sich der Status sowie die Reflexion von Wissen untersuchen, das begrifflich nicht fassbar und in diesem Sinne elusiv ist. Der Beitrag erläutert, wie elusives Wissen im Figino gerade durch das inszenierte Vortragen von Gedichten anschaulich gemacht, reflektiert, angeeignet und transferiert wird. Auf der Ebene der ästhetischen Kategorien wird zudem deutlich, dass die Konzeption der paradoxalen sprezzatura artificiosa begrifflich die Debatte um ‚kapriziöse‘ zeitgenössische Malerei markiert, die sich an den Normen der Regelästhetik und ihrem Schönheitsbegriff reibt. Es lässt sich zeigen, dass Comaninis Text unterschiedliche Evidenzierungsstrategien nutzt, die die zeitgenössische Praxis der gelehrten Bildbetrachtung und -kommentierung in Szene setzen und die imitazione fantastica als aktuelles malereitheoretisches Thema in die frühneuzeitliche Regelästhetik einbeziehen. Der Nachahmungsmodus der imitazione fantastica wird derart mit traditionell etablierten Wissensbeständen (imitazione icastica) konsolidiert. Comaninis Dialog erweist sich somit als relevanter Beitrag im ästhetischen Diskurs des fine Cinquecento und macht mit diesem Diskurs verknüpfte mediale Reflexionen sowie den historischen Wissensbegriff der kunsttheoretischen Debatte analysierbar.
The Outer Stellar Mass of Massive Galaxies: A Simple Tracer of Halo Mass with Scatter Comparable to Richness and Reduced Projection Effects
Creators: name: Huang, Song
name: Leauthaud, Alexie
name: Bradshaw, Christopher
name: Hearin, Andrew
name: Behroozi, Peter
name: Lange, Johannes
name: Greene, Jenny
name: DeRose, Joseph
name: Speagle, Joshua S.
name: Xhakaj, Enia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the weak gravitational lensing data from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC survey), we study the potential of different stellar mass estimates in tracing halo mass. We consider galaxies with $\log {M_{\star}/M_{\odot}}>11.5$ at 0.2 < z < 0.5 with carefully measured light profiles and clusters from the redMaPPer and CAMIRA richness-based algorithms. We devise a method (the "TopN" test) to evaluate the scatter in the halo mass-observable relation for different tracers and inter-compare halo mass proxies in four number density bins using stacked galaxy-galaxy lensing profiles. This test reveals three key findings. The stellar mass based on cModel photometry or aperture luminosity within R<30 kpc is a poor proxy of halo mass. In contrast, the stellar mass of the outer envelope is an excellent halo mass proxy. The stellar mass within R=[50,100] kpc, M*[50,100], has performance comparable to the state-of-the-art richness-based cluster finders at $\log{M_{\rm vir}/M_{\odot}}>14.0$ and could be a better halo mass tracer at lower halo masses. Finally, using N-body simulations, we find that the lensing profiles of massive halos selected by M*[50,100] are consistent with the expectation for a sample without projection or mis-centering effects. On the other hand, Richness-selected clusters display an excess at R~1 Mpc in their lensing profiles, which may suggest a more significant impact from selection biases. These results suggest that Mstar-based tracers have distinct advantages in identifying massive halos, which could open up new avenues for cluster cosmology.
description: 28 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, 7 appendices. Submitted to MNRAS. Codes available at https://github.com/dr-guangtou/jianbing Data available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5259075
Instabilities of complex fluids with partially structured and partially random interactions
Creators: name: Carugno, Giorgio
name: Neri, Izaak
name: Vivo, Pierpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a theory for thermodynamic instabilities of complex fluids composed of many interacting chemical species organised in families. This model includes partially structured and partially random interactions and can be solved exactly using tools from random matrix theory. The model exhibits three kinds of fluid instabilities: one in which the species form a condensate with a local density that depends on their family (family condensation); one in which species demix in two phases depending on their family (family demixing); and one in which species demix in a random manner irrespective of their family (random demixing). We determine the critical spinodal density of the three types of instabilities and find that the critical spinodal density is finite for both family condensation and family demixing, while for random demixing the critical spinodal density grows as the square root of the number of species. We use the developed framework to describe phase-separation instability of the cytoplasm induced by a change in pH.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, Appendix included
Fully-automated production of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 for clinical application
Creators: name: Spreckelmeyer, Sarah
name: Balzer, Matthias
name: Poetzsch, Simon
name: Brenner, Winfried
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Automated production
subject: Imaging
subject: FAP
subject: FAPI-46
subject: Fibroblast
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 is a promising radiopharmaceutical for in vivo detection of the fibroblast activation protein by positron emission tomography. Until now, the synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 has been only performed manually. Our aim was to evaluate the automated synthesis of this radiopharmaceutical on two different commercially available synthesis modules in order to make the tracer readily available for clinical application. Results: The synthesis of [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 with different amounts of precursor (10-50 μg) on the Modular Lab PharmTracer (MLPT) and Modular Lab eazy (ML eazy) from Eckert & Ziegler with a customized synthesis template and a customized single-use cassette yielded best results with 50 μg FAPI-46 for clinical multi-dose application. All relevant quality control parameters tested (e.g. sterility, stability and radiochemical purity) were in accordance with the European Pharmacopoeia. Conclusions: [68Ga]Ga-FAPI-46 was successfully synthesized fully-automated on the synthesis modules Modular Lab PharmTracer and ML eazy and is, thus, available for multi-dose application in clinical settings.
Unsteady slip pulses under spatially-varying prestress
Creators: name: Pomyalov, Anna
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently established that self-healing slip pulses under uniform prestress $τ_b$ are unstable frictional rupture modes, i.e., they either slowly expand/decay with time t. Furthermore, their dynamics were shown to follow a reduced-dimensionality description corresponding to a special $L(c)$ line in a plane defined by the pulse propagation velocity $c(t)$ and size $L(t)$. Yet, uniform prestress is rather the exception than the rule in natural faults. We study the effects of a spatially-varying prestress $τ_b(x)$ on 2D slip pulses, initially generated under a uniform $τ_b$ along a rate-and-state friction fault. We consider periodic and constant-gradient prestress $τ_b(x)$ around the reference uniform $τ_b$. For a periodic $τ_b(x)$, pulses either sustain and form quasi-limit cycles in the $L-c$ plane or decay predominantly monotonically along the $L(c)$ line, depending on the instability index of the initial pulse and the properties of the periodic $τ_b(x)$. For a constant-gradient $τ_b(x)$, expanding/decaying pulses closely follow the $L(c)$ line, with systematic shifts determined by the sign and magnitude of the gradient. We also find that a spatially-varying $τ_b(x)$ can revert the expanding/decaying nature of the initial reference pulse. Finally, we show that a constant-gradient $τ_b(x)$, of sufficient magnitude and specific sign, can lead to the nucleation of a back-propagating rupture at the healing tail of the initial pulse, generating a bilateral crack-like rupture. This pulse-to-crack transition, along with the above-described effects, demonstrate that rich rupture dynamics merge from a simple, nonuniform prestress. Furthermore, we show that as long as pulses exist, their dynamics are related to the special $L(c)$ line, providing an effective, reduced-dimensionality description of unsteady slip pulses under spatially-varying prestress.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures + Supplementary Materials & References
A Survey of Sound Source Localization with Deep Learning Methods
Creators: name: Grumiaux, Pierre-Amaury
name: Kitić, Srđan
name: Girin, Laurent
name: Guérin, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This article is a survey on deep learning methods for single and multiple sound source localization. We are particularly interested in sound source localization in indoor/domestic environment, where reverberation and diffuse noise are present. We provide an exhaustive topography of the neural-based localization literature in this context, organized according to several aspects: the neural network architecture, the type of input features, the output strategy (classification or regression), the types of data used for model training and evaluation, and the model training strategy. This way, an interested reader can easily comprehend the vast panorama of the deep learning-based sound source localization methods. Tables summarizing the literature survey are provided at the end of the paper for a quick search of methods with a given set of target characteristics.
description: Accepted for publication in The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
Asphericity of tumor FDG uptake in non-small cell lung cancer: reproducibility and implications for harmonization in multicenter studies
Creators: name: Rogasch, Julian M. M.
name: Furth, Christian
name: Bluemel, Stephanie
name: Radojewski, Piotr
name: Amthauer, Holger
name: Hofheinz, Frank
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FDG-PET
subject: Image reconstruction
subject: Spatial resolution
subject: Asphericity
subject: Non-small cell lung cancer
subject: Reproducibility
subject: Prognosis
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Asphericity (ASP) of the primary tumor's metabolic tumor volume (MTV) in FDG-PET/CT is independently predictive for survival in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, comparability between PET systems may be limited. Therefore, reproducibility of ASP was evaluated at varying image reconstruction and acquisition times to assess feasibility of ASP assessment in multicenter studies. Methods: This is a retrospective study of 50 patients with NSCLC (female 20; median age 69 years) undergoing pretherapeutic FDG-PET/CT (median 3.7 MBq/kg; 180 s/bed position). Reconstruction used OSEM with TOF4/16 (iterations 4; subsets 16; in-plane filter 2.0, 6.4 or 9.5 mm), TOF4/8 (4 it; 8 ss; filter 2.0/6.0/9.5 mm), PSF + TOF2/17 (2 it; 17 ss; filter 2.0/7.0/10.0 mm) or Bayesian-penalized likelihood (Q.Clear; beta, 600/1750/4000). Resulting reconstructed spatial resolution (FWHM) was determined from hot sphere inserts of a NEMA IEC phantom. Data with approx. 5-mm FWHM were retrospectively smoothed to achieve 7-mm FWHM. List mode data were rebinned for acquisition times of 120/90/60 s. Threshold-based delineation of primary tumor MTV was followed by evaluation of relative ASP/SUVmax/MTV differences between datasets and resulting proportions of discordantly classified cases. Results: Reconstructed resolution for narrow/medium/wide in-plane filter (or low/medium/high beta) was approx. 5/7/9 mm FWHM. Comparing different pairs of reconstructed resolution between TOF4/8, PSF + TOF2/17, Q.Clear and the reference algorithm TOF4/16, ASP differences was lowest at FWHM of 7 versus 7 mm. Proportions of discordant cases (ASP > 19.5% vs. ≤ 19.5%) were also lowest at 7 mm (TOF4/8, 2%; PSF + TOF2/17, 4%; Q.Clear, 10%). Smoothing of 5-mm data to 7-mm FWHM significantly reduced discordant cases (TOF4/8, 38% reduced to 2%; PSF + TOF2/17, 12% to 4%; Q.Clear, 10% to 6%), resulting in proportions comparable to original 7-mm data. Shorter acquisition time only increased proportions of discordant cases at < 90 s. Conclusions: ASP differences were mainly determined by reconstructed spatial resolution, and multicenter studies should aim at comparable FWHM (e.g., 7 mm; determined by in-plane filter width). This reduces discordant cases (high vs. low ASP) to an acceptable proportion for TOF and PSF + TOF of < 5% (Q.Clear: 10%). Data with better resolution (i.e., lower FWHM) could be retrospectively smoothed to the desired FWHM, resulting in a comparable number of discordant cases.
L’esegesi petrarchesca e la formazione di comunità culturali
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Petrarkismus
subject: Community-Building
subject: comunità culturali
subject: Petrarca
subject: 800 Literatur::850 Italienische, rumänische, rätoromanische Literaturen::851 Italienische Versdichtung
subject: 800 Literatur::800 Literatur, Rhetorik, Literaturwissenschaft::809 Geschichte, Darstellung, Literaturwissenschaft und- kritik

description: Der Band 7 der Schriften des Italienzentrums präsentiert die Ergebnisse des Workshops „L’esegesi petrarchesca e la formazione di comunità culturali“, der am 18. und 19. Februar 2021 im Kontext des Exzellenclusters „Temporal Communities. Doing Literature in a Global Perspective“ vom Projekt „Petrarchan Worlds“ in Zusammenarbeit mit der Universität Turin und dem Italienzentrum veranstaltet wurde. Der Workshop zielte darauf ab, die Petrarca-Exegese in der italienischen Renaissance im Hinblick auf "Community Building" zu untersuchen, wobei unter "Communities" kulturelle Gemeinschaften verstanden wurden, die aus Institutionen, Einzelpersonen und Texten bestehen, denen es um die Rezeption von Petrarcas Schriften mittels Kommentierung geht. Diese "Gemeinschaften" sind der Spiegel ideologischer Postulate und eines literarischen und kulturellen Programms, das zur Linse wird, durch die das Werk und die Persönlichkeit des Dichters interpretiert werden. Untersucht wurden unterschiedliche Textsorten: Kommentare zu Petrarcas Schriften, Biographien des Dichters und akademische Lektionen über petrarkische Lyrik.
description: Il settimo volume degli Schriften des Italienzentrums raccoglie gli atti della giornata di studi “L’esegesi petrarchesca e la formazione di comunità culturali” organizzata nell’ambito del Cluster of Excellence “Temporal Communities. Doing Literature in a Global Perspective” dal progetto “Petrarchan Worlds” in cooperazione con l’Università di Torino e l’Italienzentrum della Freie Universität di Berlino il 18 e 19 febbraio 2021. Il workshop si era proposto di indagare l’esegesi petrarchesca nel Rinascimento italiano in termini di “community building”, dove per “communities” s’intendono le comunità culturali formate da istituzioni, individui e testi, raccolte intorno all’opera di Petrarca e più nello specifico alla ricezione, all’esegesi e alla rielaborazione letteraria dei suoi scritti. Tali “communities” sono specchio di istanze ideologiche e di un programma letterario e culturale che diventano la lente attraverso la quale l’opera e la personalità del poeta vengono interpretate. Per questo i contributi al workshop si sono confrontati con testi molto diversi fra loro, come i commenti degli scritti petrarcheschi, le Vite del poeta e le lezioni accademiche sui Fragmenta.
title: Investigating Psychological Capital as a Moderator in the Relationship Between Incivility and STEM Students' Major Embeddedness
Creators: name: Eggler, Kristen Denae
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Increasing the number of students who graduate from science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) majors is a national priority in the United States as there is a need for more STEM employees in the labor force. However, less than half of students who initially declare a major in STEM graduate college with a STEM degree, in part because of the unwelcoming climate in STEM. The aim of the current study was to understand how incivility may undermine a student’s embeddedness within their undergraduate major and whether the individual difference of Psychological Capital could assuage the undermining effects. The presence of incivility is likely to limit a student’s ability to feel like they fit, have social connections, and have attachments with their STEM major. Psychological Capital has been established as a buffer of adverse experiences such as bullying, harassment, and incivility. In addition, Psychological Capital can be learned, making it an accessible and valuable resource for students. It was hypothesized that major incivility would have a negative relationship with major embeddedness and that psychological capital would moderate the relationship such that the relationship is weakened. Archival survey data that was collected for a larger project was used to test the hypotheses. Senior students majoring in STEM were emailed with a link to a web-based survey in their final semester prior to graduation. The survey asked students to report if they had experienced incivility from peers, faculty, and advisors within their STEM major and included the Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the STEM Major Embeddedness Scale. A total of 324 returned surveys passed quality checks. To test the hypotheses, a hierarchical regression analysis was conducted. Neither hypothesis was supported, but there was a significant effect of Psychological Capital on major embeddedness such that students with higher Psychological Capital were more embedded in their major. Results of the study provide insight into ways universities can help promote student embeddedness.
title: Listeria monocytogenes brain abscess: A case presentation
Creators: name: Zikou, Anastasia
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Abscess
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 57-years-old male presented to our hospital with fever (38.5°C), weakness and vomiting. The PCR test for COVID-19 infection was negative. Neurological examination revealed neck stiffness. Brain Computed Tomography (CT) and Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) were performed. The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) examination showed high levels of lymphocytes, protein and very low levels of glucose. Listeria monocytogenes were detectable in Gram stains of CSF and isolated from CSF cultures. The patient started antibiotic therapy with i.v. ampicillin for 4 weeks before surgery drainage. 

description: 57 years, male
Tensor Network Python (TeNPy) version 1
Creators: name: Hauschild, Johannes
name: Unfried, Jakob
name: Anand, Sajant
name: Andrews, Bartholomew
name: Bintz, Marcus
name: Borla, Umberto
name: Divic, Stefan
name: Drescher, Markus
name: Geiger, Jan
name: Hefel, Martin
name: Hémery, Kévin
name: Kadow, Wilhelm
name: Kemp, Jack
name: Kirchner, Nico
name: Liu, Vincent S.
name: Möller, Gunnar
name: Parker, Daniel
name: Rader, Michael
name: Romen, Anton
name: Scalet, Samuel
name: Schoonderwoerd, Leon
name: Schulz, Maximilian
name: Soejima, Tomohiro
name: Thoma, Philipp
name: Wu, Yantao
name: Zechmann, Philip
name: Zweng, Ludwig
name: Mong, Roger S. K.
name: Zaletel, Michael P.
name: Pollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TeNPy (short for 'Tensor Network Python') is a python library for the simulation of strongly correlated quantum systems with tensor networks. The philosophy of this library is to achieve a balance of readability and usability for new-comers, while at the same time providing powerful algorithms for experts. The focus is on MPS algorithms for 1D and 2D lattices, such as DMRG ground state search, as well as dynamics using TEBD, TDVP, or MPO evolution. This article is a companion to the recent version 1.0 release of TeNPy and gives a brief overview of the package.
description: v3: published version with small additional clarifications suggested by referees
Stretch-induced tunability of electrical transport properties of three-dimensional graphene-based foam structures
Creators: name: Guo, Shu-Ting
name: Zou, Fangxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast electron transport and superior multidirectional flexibility of three-dimensional graphene-based foams (GFs) are pivotal in the realm of stretchable electronics. We observed pre-stretching induced modulation of the temperature-dependent electrical resistivity of GFs, where, as the pre-stretch strain level increased, the distinct temperature dependence of the resistivity of a GF sample would change and might even exhibit a notable transition from negative dependence to positive dependence. We attempted to interpret the phenomenon by proposing a new conduction network model that represents GF structures as interconnected graphene islands and island/island conduction junctions and incorporates three conduction mechanisms: thermally activated conduction, phonon-limited conduction, and fluctuation-induced tunneling conduction. By fitting-assisted analysis, we found that the temperature dependence of the resistivity of a GF sample primarily relies on the discrete quantities of graphene islands and island/island conduction junctions, and the resistivity originating from each conduction mechanism. As pre-stretch strain level increases, these factors would change due to conduction network alteration, local strain-induced phonon hardening, and local strain-induced transport gap modulation, all resulting from pre-stretching. Our results offer valuable insights into the optimization of GFs-based stretchable electronic devices, such as performance enhancement through structural modifications.
Demagnetisation of Solid 3He and Supercritical Superflow
Creators: name: Vonka, Jakub
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2018
Subjects: superfluid
3He
Landau velocity
nuclear demagnetisation
microkelvin temperatures

description: This work describes the efforts with two ultra low temperature experiments
      with superfluid 3He as medium of interest. The experiments are mostly
      performed at temperatures below 200uK, in the regime where superfluid
      quasiparticle excitations are ballistic.

      Recently, a novel experimental tool has been built in Lancaster - a
      superconducting goalpost-shaped wire that can be moved trough the
      superfluid in oscillatory as well as in uniform linear motion. An object
      moving with high enough velocity that the excitation spectrum becomes
      gapless can create excitations at no energy cost and initiate the
      breakdown of the condensate - this limit is the well-known Landau
      velocity. In superfluid 3He, flow around an oscillating body displays a
      very clear onset of such dissipation. However, with this experiment it was
      found that for a uniform linear motion there is no discontinuity
      whatsoever in the dissipation as the Landau critical velocity is passed
      and exceeded, entering a supercritical flow regime. This regime allows for
      studying the dynamics of the Andreev bound states on the surface of the
      wire. This work presents a recent experimental estimation of the
      relaxation time of the bound states and a description of the relaxation
      mechanism.

      Next, the work describes the design and initial testing of a new
      experiment. Here a layer of solid 3He formed on the surface of a large
      aerogel sample submersed in superfluid 3He will be cooled down to below
      100uK in a double nuclear demagnetisation process. NMR on the solid 3He
      will be used to search for a possible magnetic phase transition as well as
      to study superfluid 3He virtually free of quasiparticle excitations. The
      work reports progress to the present state of the experiment and discusses
      setbacks due to a large unexpected heating which appeared during the
      demagnetisation of the copper stage.
Bipolar nanochannels: The effects of an electro-osmotic instability. Part I: Steady-state response
Creators: name: Abu-Rjal, Ramadan
name: Green, Yoav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The steady-state current-voltage response of ion-selective systems varies as the number of ion-selective components is varied. For the highly investigated unipolar system, including only one ion-selective component, it has been shown that above a supercritical voltage, an electroosmotic instability is triggered, leading to over-limiting currents. In contrast, the effects of this instability on the current-voltage response of the second most common system of a bipolar system, including two oppositely charged permselective regions, have yet to be reported. Using simulations, we investigate the steady-state electrical response of bipolar systems as we vary the ratio of the charge within the two oppositely charged regions. The responses are divided into those with an internal symmetry related to the surface charge and those without. In contrast to the unipolar systems, bipolar systems with the internal symmetry do not exhibit overlimiting currents, and their steady-state response is identical to the convectionless steady-state response. In contrast, the systems without the internal symmetry exhibit much more complicated behavior. For positive voltages, they have overlimiting currents, while for negative voltages, they do not have over-limiting currents. Our findings contribute to a more profound understanding of the behavior of the current-voltage response in bipolar systems.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures
Magnetofluidic based controlled droplet breakup: effect of non-uniform force field
Creators: name: Shyam, Sudip
name: Dhapola, Bhavesh
name: Mondal, Pranab Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the breakup dynamics of a magnetically active droplet (ferrofluid droplet) in a T-shaped LOC device under the modulation of a non-uniform magnetic field. We adhere to high-speed imaging modalities for the experimental quantification of the droplet splitting phenomena in the presence of a non-uniform force field gradient, while the underlying phenomena is supported by the numerical results in a qualitative manner as well. On reaching the T-junction divergence, the droplet engulfs the intersection fully and eventually deforms into the dumbbell-shaped form making its bulges to move towards the branches of the junction. We observe that the asymmetric distribution of the magnetic force lines, acting over the T-junction divergence, induces an accelerating motion to the left moving bulge (since the magnet is placed adjacent to the left branch). We show that the non-uniform force field gradient allows the formation of a hump-like structure inside the left moving bulge which triggers the onset of augmented convection in its flow field. We reveal that this augmented internal convection developed in the left moving volume/bulge, on getting coupled with the various involved time scales of the flow field, lead to the asymmetric splitting of the droplet into two sister droplets. Our analysis establishes that at the critical strength of the applied forcing, as realized by the critical magnetic Bond number, the flow time scale becomes minimum at the left branch of the channel, leading to the formation of larger sized sister droplet therein. Inferences of the present analysis, which focuses on the simple, wireless, robust and low-cost droplet splitting mechanism, will provide a potential solution for rapid droplet breakup, typically finds significant importance in point-of-care diagnostics.
description: 35 pages, 14 figures
Monochromatic graph decompositions inspired by anti-Ramsey theory and the odd-coloring problem
Creators: name: Caro, Yair
name: Tuza, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider extremal edge-coloring problems inspired by the theory of anti-Ramsey / rainbow coloring, and further by odd-colorings and conflict-free colorings.
 Let $G$ be a graph, and $F$ any given family of graphs. For every integer $n \geq |G|$, let $f(n,G|F)$ denote the smallest integer $k$ such that any edge coloring of the complete graph $K_n$ with at least $k$ colors forces a copy of $G$ in which each color class induces a member of $F$. Observe that in anti-Ramsey problems each color class is a single edge; i.e., $F=\{K_2\}$.
 In our previous paper [arXiv:2405.19812], attention was given mostly to the case where $F$ is hereditary under subgraph inclusion. In the present work we consider coloring problems inspired by odd-coloring and conflict-free coloring. As we shall see, dealing with these problems requires distinct additional tools to those used in our first paper on the subject.
 Among the many results introduced in this paper, we mention:
 (1) For every graph $G$, there exists a constant $c=c(G)$ such that in any edge coloring of $K_n$ with at least $cn$ colors there is a copy of $G$ in which every vertex $v$ is incident with an edge whose color appears only once among all edges incident with $v$.
 (2) In sharp contrast to the above result we prove that if $F$ is the class of all odd graphs (having vertices with odd degrees only) then $f(n,K_k|F)=(1+o(1))$ex$(n,K_{\lceil k/2 \rceil})$, which is quadratic for $k \geq 5$.
 (3) We exactly determine $f(n,G|F)$ for small graphs when $F$ belongs to several families representing various odd/even coloring constraints.
description: 56 pages
Principal-Axis Analysis of the Eddington Tensor for the Early Post-Bounce Phase of Rotational Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Iwakami, Wakana
name: Harada, Akira
name: Nagakura, Hiroki
name: Akaho, Ryuichiro
name: Okawa, Hirotada
name: Furusawa, Shun
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Sumiyoshi, Kohsuke
name: Yamada, Shoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using full Boltzmann neutrino transport, we performed two-dimensional (2D) core-collapse supernova simulations in axisymmetry for two progenitor models with 11.2M and 15.0M both rotational and non-rotational. We employed the results obtained in the early post-bounce phase (t < 20 ms) to assess performance under rapid rotation of some closure relations commonly employed in the truncated moment method. We first made a comparison in 1D under spherical symmetry, though, of the Eddington factor p defined in the fluid rest frame (FR). We confirmed that the maximum entropy closure for the Fermionic distribution (MEFD) performs better than others near the proto-neutron star surface, where p < 1/3 occurs, but does not work well even in 1D when the phase space occupancy satisfies e < 0.5 together with p < 1/3, the condition known to be not represented by MEFD. For the 2D models with the rapid rotation, we employed the principal-axis analysis of the Eddington tensor. We paid particular attention to the direction of the longest principal axis. We observed in FR that it is aligned neither with the radial direction nor with the neutrino flux in 2D, particularly so in convective and/or rapidly rotating regions, the fact not accommodated in the moment method. We repeated the same analysis in the laboratory frame (LB) and found again that the direction of the longest principal axis is not well reproduced by MEFD because the interpolation between the optically thick and thin limits is not very accurate in this frame.
description: 28pages, 22figures, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Analytical model for the motion and interaction of two-dimensional active nematic defects
Creators: name: Schimming, Cody D.
name: Reichhardt, C. J. O.
name: Reichhardt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop an approximate, analytical model for the velocity of defects in active nematics by combining recent results for the velocity of topological defects in nematic liquid crystals with the flow field generated from individual defects in active nematics. Importantly, our model takes into account the long-range interactions between defects that result from the flows they produce as well as the orientational coupling between defects inherent in nematics. Our work complements previous studies of active nematic defect motion by introducing a linear approximation that allows us to treat defect interactions as two-body interactions and incorporates the hydrodynamic screening length as a tuning parameter. We show that the model can analytically predict bound states between two $+1/2$ winding number defects, effective attraction between two $-1/2$ defects, and the scaling of a critical unbinding length between $\pm 1/2$ defects with activity. The model also gives predictions for the trajectories of defects, such as the scattering of $+1/2$ defects by $-1/2$ defects at a critical impact parameter that depends on activity. In the presence of circular confinement, the model predicts a braiding motion for three $+1/2$ defects that was recently seen in experiments, as well as stable and ergodic trajectories for four or more defects.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Infusing model predictive control into meta-reinforcement learning for mobile robots in dynamic environments
Creators: name: Shin, Jaeuk
name: Hakobyan, Astghik
name: Park, Mingyu
name: Kim, Yeoneung
name: Kim, Gihun
name: Yang, Insoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The successful operation of mobile robots requires them to adapt rapidly to environmental changes. To develop an adaptive decision-making tool for mobile robots, we propose a novel algorithm that combines meta-reinforcement learning (meta-RL) with model predictive control (MPC). Our method employs an off-policy meta-RL algorithm as a baseline to train a policy using transition samples generated by MPC when the robot detects certain events that can be effectively handled by MPC, with its explicit use of robot dynamics. The key idea of our method is to switch between the meta-learned policy and the MPC controller in a randomized and event-triggered fashion to make up for suboptimal MPC actions caused by the limited prediction horizon. During meta-testing, the MPC module is deactivated to significantly reduce computation time in motion control. We further propose an online adaptation scheme that enables the robot to infer and adapt to a new task within a single trajectory. The performance of our method has been demonstrated through simulations using a nonlinear car-like vehicle model with (i) synthetic movements of obstacles, and (ii) real-world pedestrian motion data. The simulation results indicate that our method outperforms other algorithms in terms of learning efficiency and navigation quality.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters