cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM4 of Inter-individual consistency in habitat selection patterns and spatial range constraints of female little bustards during the non-breeding season
Creators: name: CuscĂł, Francesc
name: Cardador, Laura
name: Bota, Gerard
name: Morales, Manuel
name: MaĂąosa, Santi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4. Map patterns of spatial filters. Geographic patterns of the spatial filters included in univariable models testing occurrence probability of female little bustards in the non-breeding season.
Measuring the Impact of Electricity Market Reform in a Chinese Context
Creators: name: Pollitt, M.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Power sector reform
social cost benefit analysis
state of the market

description: This paper draws on international experience to examine how the ongoing power sector reform (PSR) in China since 2015 should be measured and assessed. We proceed by reviewing some relevant international reform experience and then applying this to the Chinese context. Thus we focus on some of the extensive previous literature which has documented reforms in cross-country and in single country studies. We pay particular attention to the European Union (EU) single electricity market, which is the largest integrated electricity market in the world. We also look at a social cost benefit analyses of UK electricity market reforms and how these might applied in a given Chinese province. We go on to examine the actual price impact evidence from two leading provinces – Guangdong and Zhejiang – on the overall price effect and on exactly how those price effects have been achieved. We then offer some insights from the extensive regulatory reporting by leading regulators on market performance that is relevant to PSR in China based on excellent annual reporting from the UK, Australia and the US.
Vector mesons in medium with finite three momentum
Creators: name: Lee, Su Houng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a QCD sum rule to find the three momentum dependence of the peak position of the vector meson spectral density in nuclear medium. We find less than 2 % (0.1 %) shift of the peak position at nuclear matter density and at ($q =0.5$GeV/c) for the $ρ,ω(ϕ$) mesons. However, at higher density and three momentum, its effect becomes non-negligible. The relevance of our result in the dilepton spectrum in A-A and p-A reaction is discussed.
description: 5 pages (Revtex) one figure
FeynHiggs: a program for the calculation of the masses of the neutral CP-even Higgs bosons in the MSSM
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Hollik, W.
name: Weiglein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: FeynHiggs is a Fortran code for the calculation of the masses of the neutral CP-even Higgs bosons in the MSSM up to two-loop order. It is based on the complete diagrammatic on-shell results at the one-loop level, the leading diagrammatic two-loop QCD contributions and further improvements taking into account leading electroweak two-loop and leading higher-order QCD corrections. The Higgs-boson masses are calculated as functions of the MSSM parameters for general mixing in the scalar top sector and arbitrary choices of the parameters in the Higgs sector of the model.
description: 16 pages
Heterotic Type I Strings at High Temperature
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Shyamoli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the high temperature limits of the heterotic E8xE8 and Spin(32)/Z2 strings and their Type I A/B superstring duals are finite and convergent. The Hagedorn growth of the degeneracies in the string mass level expansion is suppressed by an exponential linear in the mass level number for both heterotic strings, and suppressed by the exponential of the negative square root of the mass level number for the Type IB superstring. However, in the massless gauge field theoretic limit of the Type IB open and closed superstring, we find clear evidence for the thermal deconfinement phase transition at the self-dual temperature by examining the annulus graph alone. Above the self-dual temperature, there is a discontinuity in the first derivative with respect to temperature of both the free energy, and the heavy quark potential, leading to a deconfined thermal gluon ensemble, with universal 1/r potential, and temperature dependent corrections, as predicted by Luscher and Weisz. A number of essential aspects of the worldsheet formalism of the heterotic strings are derived in an appendix, deducing thereby the O8-D0-D8brane Type IA duals of all of the heterotic CHL island universe moduli spaces.
description: 36pages
Additional file 3 of Effectiveness of bazedoxifene in preventing glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Creators: name: Cho, Soo-Kyung
name: Kim, Hyoungyoung
name: Lee, Jiyoung
name: Nam, Eunwoo
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Choi, Yun Young
name: Sung, Yoon-Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 3. Change in BMD and TBS from baseline to 12 months in the per-protocol population: within- and between-group comparisons (n = 99).
Maternal Labor Supply: Perceived Returns, Constraints, and Social Norms
Creators: name: Boneva, T.
name: Kaufmann, K.
name: Rauh, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Labor supply
childcare
beliefs
child penalties

description: We design a new survey to elicit quantifiable, interpersonally comparable beliefs about pecuniary and non-pecuniary benefits and costs to maternal labor supply decisions, to study how beliefs vary across and within different groups in the population and to analyze how those beliefs relate to choices. In terms of pecuniary returns, mothers’ (and fathers’) later-life earnings are perceived to increase the more hours the mother works while her child is young. Similarly, respondents perceive higher non-pecuniary returns to children’s cognitive and non-cognitive skills the more hours a mother works and the more time her child spends in childcare. Family outcomes on the other hand, such as the quality of the mother-child relationship and child satisfaction, are perceived to be the highest when the mother works parttime, which is also the option most respondents believe their friends and family would like them to choose. There is a large heterogeneity in the perceived availability of full-time childcare and relaxing constraints could substantially increase maternal labor supply. Importantly, it is perceptions about the non-pecuniary returns to maternal labor supply as well as beliefs about the opinions of friends and family that are found to be strong predictors of maternal labor supply decisions, while beliefs about labor market returns are not.
Axions and anomalous $U(1)$'s
Creators: name: Bonnefoy, Quentin
name: Dudas, Emilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by recent studies of high-scale decay constant or flavorful QCD axions, we review and clarify their existence in effective string models with anomalous $U(1)$ gauge groups. We find that such models, when coupled to charged scalars getting vacuum expectation values, always have one light axion, whose mass can only come from nonperturbative effects. If the main nonperturbative effect is from QCD, then it becomes a Peccei-Quinn axion candidate for solving the strong CP problem. We then study simple models with universal Green-Schwarz mechanism and only one charged scalar field: in the minimal gaugino condensation case the axion mass is tied to the supersymmetry breaking scale and cannot be light enough, but slightly refined models maintain a massless axion all the way down to the QCD scale. Both kinds of models can be extended to yield intermediate scale axion decay constants. Finally, we gauge flavorful axion models under an anomalous $U(1)$ and discuss the axion couplings which arise.
description: 18 pages
Can Perceived Returns Explain Enrollment Gaps in Postgraduate Education?
Creators: name: Boneva, T.
name: Golin, M.
name: Rauh, C.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Higher education
beliefs
socioeconomic inequality
intergenerational mobility
postgraduate education

description: To understand students' motives in obtaining postgraduate qualifications, we elicit intentions to pursue postgraduate education and beliefs about its returns in a sample of 1,002 university students. We find large gaps in perceptions about the immediate and later-life benefits of postgraduate education, both between first- and continuing-generation students and within the latter group. Differences in student beliefs about returns can account for 70% of the socioeconomic gaps in intentions to pursue postgraduate studies. We document large differences in students' current undergraduate experiences by socioeconomic background and find these to be predictive of perceived returns to postgraduate education.
The AGL Equation from a Dipole Picture
Creators: name: Ducati, M. B. Gay
name: Gonçalves, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The AGL equation includes all multiple pomeron exchanges in the double logarithmic approximation (DLA) limit, leading to an unitarized gluon distribution in the small $x$ regime. This equation was originally obtained using the Glauber-Mueller approach. We demonstrate in this contribution that the AGL equation can also be obtained from the dipole picture. Our conclusion is that the AGL equation is a good candidate for an unitarized evolution equation at small $x$ in the DLA limit.
description: 3 pages. To be published in the proceedings of 7th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and QCD (DIS 99), Zeuthen, Germany, 19 - 23 Apr 1999
Machine Learning on residential electricity consumption: Which households are more responsive to weather?
Creators: name: Kang, J.
name: Reiner, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Weather sensitivity
smart metering data
unsupervised learning
clusters
residential electricity
consumption patterns
Ireland

description: The introduction of smart meters has created opportunities for both utilities and policymakers to understand residential electricity consumption in greater depth. Machine learning techniques have distinct advantages over traditional approaches in dealing with extremely large volumes of high-resolution usage data. We introduce a novel clustering method to detect household behaviour using different types of weather data as proxies. Based on this approach, we combine Irish smart meter and weather data to identify and characterize clear differences in the daily patterns between workdays and weekends in both summer and winter and investigate how households respond to changing weather patterns. We also examine the relationships between response groups and household demographic features using different statistical tests. We find the magnitude of the effect of occupancy-related variables in the clustering of weather sensitivity to be larger than incomerelated factors. This proposed new approach could be the basis of a classification model to identify households that are more responsive to different types of weather. Tariff design could benefit from such a model and enable specific schemes to be developed that would target weather-sensitive households and result in improved load management.
title: 02_1107
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Hartree Fock Calculations in the Density Matrix Expansion Approach
Creators: name: Hofmann, F.
name: Lenske, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The density matrix expansion is used to derive a local energy density functional for finite range interactions with a realistic meson exchange structure. Exchange contributions are treated in a local momentum approximation. A generalized Slater approximation is used for the density matrix where an effective local Fermi momentum is chosen such that the next to leading order off-diagonal term is canceled. Hartree-Fock equations are derived incorporating the momentum structure of the underlying finite range interaction. For applications a density dependent effective interaction is determined from a G-matrix which is renormalized such that the saturation properties of symmetric nuclear matter are reproduced. Intending applications to systems far off stability special attention is paid to the low density regime and asymmetric nuclear matter. Results are compared to predictions obtained from Skyrme interactions. The ground state properties of stable nuclei are well reproduced without further adjustments of parameters. The potential of the approach is further exemplified in calculations for A=100...140 tin isotopes. Rather extended neutron skins are found beyond 130Sn corresponding to solid layers of neutron matter surrounding a core of normal composition.
description: Revtex, 29 pages including 14 eps figures, using epsfig.sty
Penetration of boundary-driven flows into a rotating spherical thermally-stratified fluid
Creators: name: Cox, Grace A.
name: Davies, Christopher J.
name: Livermore, Philip W.
name: Singleton, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the dynamics within terrestrial bodies, we consider a rotating, strongly thermally stratified fluid within a spherical shell subject to a prescribed laterally inhomogeneous heat-flux condition at the outer boundary. Using a numerical model, we explore a broad range of three key dimensionless numbers: a thermal stratification parameter (the relative size of boundary temperature gradients to imposed vertical temperature gradients), $10^{-3} \le S \le 10^{4}$, a buoyancy parameter (the strength of applied boundary heat flux anomalies), $ 10^{-3} \le B \le 10^{6}$, and the Ekman number (ratio of viscous to Coriolis forces), $10^{-6} \le E \le 10^{-4}$. We find both steady and time-dependent solutions and delineate the temporal regime boundaries. We focus on steady-state solutions, for which a clear transition is found between a low $S$ regime, in which buoyancy dominates dynamics, and a high $S$ regime, in which stratification dominates. For the latter case, the radial and horizontal velocities scale respectively as $u_r \sim S^{-1}$, $u_h \sim S^{-\frac{3}{4}}\ B^{\frac{1}{4}}$ and are confined to boundary-induced flow within a thin layer of depth $(S\ B)^{-\frac{1}{4}}$ at the outer edge of the domain. For the Earth, if lower-mantle heterogeneous structure is due principally to chemical anomalies, we estimate that the core is in the high-$S$ regime and steady flows arising from strong outer-boundary thermal anomalies cannot penetrate the stable layer. However, if the mantle heterogeneities are due to thermal anomalies and the heat-flux variation is large, the core will be in a low-$S$ regime in which the stable layer is likely penetrated by boundary-driven flows.
Identifying residential consumption patterns using data-mining techniques: A large-scale study of smart meter data in Chengdu, China
Creators: name: Kang, J.
name: Reiner, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Residential electricity
household consumption behaviour
China
machine learning

description: The fine-grained electricity consumption data created by advanced metering technologies offers an opportunity to understand residential demand from new angles. Although there exists a large body of research on demand response in short- and long-term forecasting, a comprehensive analysis to identify household consumption behaviour in different scenarios has not been conducted. The study’s novelty lies in its use of unsupervised machine learning tools to explore residential customers’ demand patterns and response without the assistance of traditional survey tools. We investigate behavioural response in three different contexts: 1) seasonal (using weekly consumption profiles); 2) holidays/festivals; and 3) extreme weather situations. The analysis is based on the smart metering data of 2,000 households in Chengdu, China over three years from 2014 to 2016. Workday/weekend profiles indicate that there are two distinct groups of households that appear to be white-collar or relatively affluent families. Demand patterns at the major festivals in China, especially the Spring Festival, reveal various types of lifestyle and households. In terms of extreme weather response, the most striking finding was that in summer, at night-time, over 72% of households doubled (or more) their electricity usage, while consumption changes in winter do not seem to be significant. Our research offers more detailed insight into Chinese residential consumption and provides a practical framework to understand households’ behaviour patterns in different settings.
Real-Time Dynamics from Imaginary-Time Quantum Monte Carlo Simulations: Tests on Oscillator Chains
Creators: name: Bonca, J.
name: Gubernatis, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used methods of Bayesian statistical inference and the principle of maximum entropy to analytically continue imaginary-time Green's function generated in quantum Monte Carlo simulations to obtain the real-time Green's functions. For test problems, we considered chains of harmonic and anharmonic oscillators whose properties we simulated by a hybrid path-integral quantum Monte Carlo method. From the imaginary-time displacement-displacement Green's function, we first obtained its spectral density. For harmonic oscillators, we demonstrated the peaks of this function were in the correct position and their area satisfied a sum rule. Additionally, as a function of wavenumber, the peak positions followed the correct dispersion relation. For a double-well oscillator, we demonstrated the peak location correctly predicted the tunnel splitting. Transforming the spectral densities to real-time Green's functions, we conclude that we can predict the real-time dynamics for length of times corresponding to 5 to 10 times the natural period of the model. The length of time was limited by an overbroadening of the peaks in the spectral density caused by the simulation algorithm.
description: latex, 9 uuencoded figures appended
Lithobius litoralis Koch, 1867, n. sp.
Creators: name: L. Koch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1867
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Chilopoda
Lithobiomorpha
Lithobiidae
Lithobius
Lithobius litoralis

description: Lithobius litoralis n. sp.
Femina. Zähne der Unterlippe: 14.
Fühlerglieder: 43.
Huftlöcher zahlreich, ohne bestimmte Ordnung.
Form der Hüftlöcher: rund.
Körperlänge: 0 m 0245.
Länge eines Schleppbeines: 0 m 0125.
Bestachelung der Schleppbeine:
2. Glied: unten 1.
3. " unten 3, oben 3.
4. " unten 1, oben 2.
5. " unten 1.
Glänzend, wenig gewölbt.
Kopf herzförmig flach, so lang als breit, weitschichtig grob eingestochen punktirt.
Die Lippe mit tiefer Mittelfurche, in der Mitte des Vorderrandes leicht gekerbt, beiderseits von dieser Kerbe der Rand fast gerade, mit 7 Zähnchen, deren äusserste etwas entfernter stehen.
Die Seitenaugen flach, gross, die übrigen in drei Reihen 4. 4. 3.
Die Rückenschilde runzelig uneben, am 4. Haupt- und den 4 hinteren Zwischenschilden Zahnfortsätze.
Die Bauchschilde eingestochen punktirt.
Am zweiten Gliede der Genitalien ein einzelnes, langes fein spitzes Zäpfchen; die Endkralle kurz, fast gerade, einfach.
Die Schleppbeine spärlich mit Borstchen besetzt; an dem dritten und vierten Gliede oben eine Längsfurche.
Von Tinos.
description: Published as part of L. Koch, 1867, Zur Arachniden- und Myriapoden-Fauna Süd-Europa's, pp. 857-900 in Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien 17 on page 899
USE OF COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY AT THE STAGES OF DIAGNOSIS AND PLANNING ORTHOPEDIC TREATMENT BASED ON ENDOSSEAL IMPLANTS
Creators: name: Axmedova, Malika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:  This study explores the integration of computer technology in the stages of diagnosis and planning orthopedic treatment, specifically focusing on endosseal implants. With the rapid advancements in computer-aided design (CAD), computer-aided manufacturing (CAM), and three-dimensional (3D) imaging technologies, orthopedic specialists are leveraging these tools to enhance the precision and efficacy of diagnosing and planning treatments involving endosseal implants. The utilization of computer technology facilitates a comprehensive understanding of patient anatomy, enables virtual simulations for surgical planning, and ensures personalized implant design. This paper reviews the current state of computer technology in orthopedics, highlighting its applications in diagnosis and treatment planning. Additionally, it discusses the potential benefits, challenges, and future prospects of incorporating computer technology into orthopedic practices, ultimately contributing to improved patient outcomes and the advancement of orthopedic surgical techniques.
Market power and long-term gas contracts: the case of Gazprom in Central and Eastern European Gas Markets
Creators: name: Chyong, C K.
name: Reiner, D
name: Aggarwal, D.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Gazprom
European Commission
Market Power
Natural Gas
Security of Supply
Competition
Long-term contracts
Swap deals

description: We explore a major European competition decision, the 2012-18 Gazprom case, using a global gas market simulation model. We find that access to LNG markets alone is insufficient to counterbalance Gazprom’s strategic behaviour; central and eastern Europe (CEE) needs to be well interconnected with bidirectional flow capability. ‘Swap deals’ created by the decision facilitate CEE market integration, while limiting Gazprom’s potential market power. Such deals may increase the diversity of contracted gas and number of market players, but do not improve physical supply diversity. In the next five years, swap deals could marginally impact negatively the utilization of strategic assets in CEE, but since Gazprom’s commitments expire by mid-2026, utilization of these strategic assets may fall considerably, especially if Gazprom withholds supplies. As an unintended consequence, CEE markets may disintegrate from the rest of Europe. Avoiding such outcomes will require further gas market reforms, particularly, market design for gas transportation.
Additional file 4 of Effectiveness of bazedoxifene in preventing glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Creators: name: Cho, Soo-Kyung
name: Kim, Hyoungyoung
name: Lee, Jiyoung
name: Nam, Eunwoo
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Choi, Yun Young
name: Sung, Yoon-Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4. Change in BMD and TBS from baseline to 12 months in the high-risk patients of fracture: within- and between-group comparisons (n = 80).
One-loop Kahler potential in non-renormalizable theories
Creators: name: Brignole, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a general d=4 N=1 globally supersymmetric lagrangian involving chiral and vector superfields, with arbitrary superpotential, Kahler potential and gauge kinetic function. We compute perturbative quantum corrections by employing a component field approach that respects supersymmetry and background gauge invariance. In particular, we obtain the full one-loop correction to the Kahler potential in supersymmetric Landau gauge. Two derivations of this result are described. The non-renormalization of the superpotential and the quadratic correction to the Fayet-Iliopoulos terms are further checks of our computations.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX
Investigation of AC Loss in HTS Cross-Conductor Cables for Electrical Power Transmission
Creators: name: Shen, Boyang
name: Coombs, T. A.
name: Grilli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the alternating current (AC) loss analysis on high-temperature superconductor (HTS) Cross-Conductor (CroCo) cables, in order to evaluate whether they could be utilized for electrical power transmission. The modeling of HTS CroCo cables was based on a cable assembled at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT) and the AC loss calculation was based on the H-formulation model implemented in the finite-element method (FEM) software package COMSOL Multiphysics. The AC loss calculations have been carried out for isolated single-phase CroCo cable and three-phase CroCo cables. The AC loss angular dependence of a particular phase of CroCo cables during three phase operation has been studied. The current distributions of individual tapes within CroCo cables have been investigated.
A Bayesian Framework for Exoplanet Direct Detection and Non-Detection
Creators: name: Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: De Rosa, Robert J.
name: Ruane, Garreth
name: Bottom, Michael
name: Pueyo, Laurent
name: Wang, Jason J.
name: Hirsch, Lea
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Nielsen, Eric L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rigorously quantifying the information in high contrast imaging data is important for informing follow-up strategies to confirm the substellar nature of a point source, constraining theoretical models of planet-disk interactions, and deriving planet occurrence rates. However, within the exoplanet direct imaging community, non-detections have almost exclusively been defined using a frequentist detection threshold (i.e. contrast curve) and associated completeness. This can lead to conceptual inconsistencies when included in a Bayesian framework. A Bayesian upper limit is such that the true value of a parameter lies below this limit with a certain probability. The associated probability is the integral of the posterior distribution with the upper limit as the upper bound. In summary, a frequentist upper limit is a statement about the detectability of planets while a Bayesian upper limit is a statement about the probability of a parameter to lie in an interval given the data. The latter is therefore better suited for rejecting hypotheses or theoretical models based on their predictions. In this work we emphasize that Bayesian statistics and upper limits are more easily interpreted and typically more constraining than the frequentist approach. We illustrate the use of Bayesian analysis in two different cases: 1) with a known planet location where we also propose to use model comparison to constrain the astrophysical nature of the point source and 2) gap-carving planets in TW Hya. To finish, we also mention the problem of combining radial velocity and direct imaging observations.
description: AJ accepted
How predictions of cosmological models depend on Hubble parameter data sets
Creators: name: Sharov, G. S.
name: Vasiliev, V. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore recent estimations of the Hubble parameter $H$ depending on redshift $z$, which include 31 $H(z)$ data points measured from differential ages of galaxies and 26 data points, obtained with other methods. We describe these data together with Union 2.1 observations of Type Ia supernovae and observed parameters of baryon acoustic oscillations with 2 cosmological models: the standard cold dark matter model with the $Λ$ term ($Λ$CDM) and the model with generalized Chaplygin gas (GCG). For these models with different sets of $H(z)$ data we calculate two-parameter and one-parameter distributions of $χ^2$ functions for all observed effects, estimate optimal values of model parameters and their $1σ$ errors. For both considered models the results appeared to be strongly depending on a choice of Hubble parameter data sets if we use all 57 $H(z)$ data points or only 31 data points from differential ages. This strong dependence can be explained in connection with 4 $H(z)$ data points with high redshifts $z>2$.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, published in Mathematical Modelling and Geometry, http://mmg.tversu.ru
How Much Do Official Price Indexes Tell Us About Inflation
Creators: Weinstein, David E.
Handbury, Jessie
Watanabe, Tsutomu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics

description: Official price indexes, such as the CPI, are imperfect indicators of inflation calculated using ad hoc price formulae different from the theoretically well-founded inflation indexes favored by economists. This paper provides the first estimate of how accurately the CPI informs us about “true” inflation. We use the largest price and quantity dataset ever employed in economics to build a Törnqvist inflation index for Japan between 1989 and 2010. Our comparison of this true inflation index with the CPI indicates that the CPI bias is not constant but depends on the level of inflation. We show the informativeness of the CPI rises with inflation. When measured inflation is low (less than 2.4% per year) the CPI is a poor predictor of true inflation even over 12-month periods. Outside this range, the CPI is a much better measure of inflation. We find that the U.S. PCE Deflator methodology is superior to the Japanese CPI methodology but still exhibits substantial measurement error and biases rendering it a problematic predictor of inflation in low inflation regimes as well.
A power-law upper bound on the correlations in the 2D random field Ising model
Creators: name: Aizenman, Michael
name: Peled, Ron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B44 (Primary), 60K35 (Secondary)

description: As first asserted by Y. Imry and S-K Ma, the famed discontinuity of the magnetization as function of the magnetic field in the two dimensional Ising model is eliminated, for all temperatures, through the addition of quenched random magnetic field of uniform variance, even if that is small. This statement is quantified here by a power-law upper bound on the decay rate of the effect of boundary conditions on the magnetization in finite systems, as function of the distance to the boundary. Unlike exponential decay which is only proven for strong disorder or high temperature, the power-law upper bound is established here for all field strengths and at all temperatures, including zero, for the case of independent Gaussian random field. Our analysis proceeds through a streamlined and quantified version of the Aizenman-Wehr proof of the Imry-Ma rounding effect.
description: 27 pp, 1 fig
Global Carbon Price Asymmetry
Creators: name: Ritz, R.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: Carbon leakage
carbon pricing
imperfect competition
international trade
second best

description: This paper studies a social planner who chooses countries' carbon prices so as to maximize global welfare. Product markets are characterized by firm heterogeneity, market power, and international trade. Because of the market-power distortion, the planner's optimal policy is second-best. The main insight is that optimal carbon prices may be highly asymmetric: zero in some countries and above the social cost of carbon in countries with relatively dirty production. This result obtains even though a uniform global carbon price is always successful at reducing countries' emissions. Competition policy that mitigates market power may enable stronger and more balanced climate action.
Additional file 5 of Effectiveness of bazedoxifene in preventing glucocorticoid-induced bone loss in rheumatoid arthritis patients
Creators: name: Cho, Soo-Kyung
name: Kim, Hyoungyoung
name: Lee, Jiyoung
name: Nam, Eunwoo
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Choi, Yun Young
name: Sung, Yoon-Kyoung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 5. Changes in bone turnover markers from baseline to 12 in the total patient: within- and between-group comparisons (n = 114).
Nonuniversal Critical Spreading in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Dickman, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous phase transitions are studied in a two dimensional nonequilibrium model with an infinite number of absorbing configurations. Spreading from a localized source is characterized by nonuniversal critical exponents, which vary continuously with the density phi in the surrounding region. The exponent delta changes by more than an order of magnitude, and eta changes sign. The location of the critical point also depends on phi, which has important implications for scaling. As expected on the basis of universality, the static critical behavior belongs to the directed percolation class.
description: 21 pages, REVTeX, figures available upon request
Market Power and Price Exposure: Learning from Changes in Renewables Regulation
Creators: name: Fabra, N.
name: Imelda.
Publisher: name: Faculty of Economics, University of Cambridge
Year: 2021
Subjects: market power
forward contracts
arbitrage
renewables

description: In many regulatory settings, regulators often debate whether to pay producers at fixed prices or at market-based prices. In this paper, we assess how firms' price exposure affects the degree of market power. We find that fixed prices mitigate market power by directly affecting the dominant firms' incentives to exert market power, while market-based prices do so indirectly by promoting the fringe firms' incentives to engage in arbitrage. To empirically identify these effects, we exploit a natural experiment that took place in the Spanish electricity market, where the regulator switched back and forth from paying renewable energies according to fixed or to market-based prices. Overall, we find that fixed prices were relatively more effective in weakening firms' market power, even though the market-based price regime led to more active price arbitrage.
Continued-fraction representation of the Kraus map for non-Markovian reservoir damping
Creators: name: van Wonderen, A. J.
name: Suttorp, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dissipation is studied for a discrete system that linearly interacts with a reservoir of harmonic oscillators at thermal equilibrium. Initial correlations between system and reservoir are assumed to be absent. The dissipative dynamics as determined by the unitary evolution of system and reservoir is described by a Kraus map consisting of an infinite number of matrices. For all Laplace-transformed Kraus matrices exact solutions are constructed in terms of continued fractions that depend on the pair correlation functions of the reservoir. By performing factorizations in the Kraus map a perturbation theory is set up that conserves in arbitrary perturbative order both positivity and probability of the density matrix. The latter is determined by an integral equation for a bitemporal matrix and a finite hierarchy for Kraus matrices. In lowest perturbative order this hierarchy reduces to one equation for one Kraus matrix. Its solution is given by a continued fraction of a much simpler structure as compared to the non-perturbative case. In lowest perturbative order our non-Markovian evolution equations are applied to the damped Jaynes-Cummings model. From the solution for the atomic density matrix it is found that the atom may remain in the state of maximum entropy for a significant time span that depends on the initial energy of the radiation field.
Lactarius aspideus (FL: Fr. ) Fr.
Creators: name: Jacob Heilmann-Clausen
name: Annemieke Verbeken
name: Jan Vesterholt
Publisher: name: Danish Mycological Society
Year: 1998
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Basidiomycota
Agaricomycetes
Russulales
Russulaceae
Lactarius
Lactarius aspideus

description: Lactarius aspideus (FL: Fr.) Fr.
Agaricus aspideus Fr.: Fr., 1821: 63; Lactarius aspideus (Fr.: Fr.) Fr., 1838: 336. Type: Not selected; described from Sweden.
EXCLUDED: Lactarius aspideus ss. Konrad & Maublanc (= L. flavidus).
A small to medium-sized, lilac staining Lactarius wiiln a viscid, straw-yellow to pale cream cap; cap margin finely velutinous in young specimens; growing with Salix.
DESCRIPTION: Cap 10-70 mm, at first convex with inrolled margin and slightly depressed centre, then applanate; surface smooth, at margin finely velutinous in young specimens and finely crenulate in older specimens, shiny, viscid to sticky, later almost dry, usually azonate but sometimes with one or a few zones, straw-yellow to pale chrome or pale cream, sometimes with brownish grey watery spots in older specimens, sometimes with lilac tinges. Gills broadly adnate to decurrent, rather narrow, fairly crowded to crowded, rarely forked, whitish chrome to pale cream or cream, turning greyish lilac when bruised. Stem 10-65 X 5-17 mm, cylindric to clavate; surface smooth, greasy, pale straw-yellow to pale cream, not pitted but sometimes with darker yellowish spots, turning greyish lilac when bruised. Flesh rather fragile, solid in the stem, white, slowly turning greyish lilac to pale lilaceous grey when cut, but lilaceous colours disappearing after some hours; smell weak, slightly fruity; taste mild, then becoming bitter. Milk rather abundant, white, unchanging when isolated from the flesh, but drying greyish lilac; taste mild, then bitter and aromatic. Spore deposit pale
spores 6.7-9.5 X 5.6-7.8 um, av. 7.8-8.8 X 6.3-7.4 um, subglobose no ellipsoid, Q = 1.05-1.35, av. 1.18-1.24; ornamentation up to 0.5 um high, completely or almost completely reticulate, in a somewhat zebra-like pattern, often with seemingly fissured ridges; isolated warts very rare; plage sometimes slightly amyloid in the distal part. Basidia 35-40 X 9-11 um, cylindric to subclavate, (2- or) 4-spored. Pleuromacrocystidia abundant, fusiform with a moniliform or mucronate apex, 40-65 (~85) x 6-10 um, thin-walled. Gill edge sterile; cheilomacrocysticlia 30-40 x 6-8 um, fusiform to irregularly cylindric, with a moniliform apex; paracystidia 10-25 X 3-6 um, cylindric to subclavate, hyaline and thin-Walled. Pileipellis an ixocutis, 40-70 um thick; hyphae 2-4 um broad, hyaline, repent or slightly ascending.
ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION: Found from the end of June to October with Salix in grass or on naked soil in humid localities, often at lake shores. It is Widely distributed but rather uncommon throughout the area.
description: Published as part of Jacob Heilmann-Clausen, Annemieke Verbeken & Jan Vesterholt, 1998, The Genus Lactarius, Copenhagen :Danish Mycological Society on page 96
Influence of the Hole Transporting Layer on the Thermal Stability of Inverted Organic Photovoltaics Using Accelerated Heat Lifetime Protocols
Creators: name: Hermerschmidt, Felix
name: Savva, Achilleas
name: Georgiou, Efthymios
name: Tuladhar, Sachetan M
name: Durrant, James R
name: McCulloch, Iain
name: Bradley, Donal DC
name: Brabec, Christoph J
name: Nelson, Jenny
name: Choulis, Stelios A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High power conversion efficiency (PCE) inverted organic photovoltaics (OPVs) usually use thermally evaporated MoO3 as a hole transporting layer (HTL). Despite the high PCE values reported, stability investigations are still limited and the exact degradation mechanisms of inverted OPVs using thermally evaporated MoO3 HTL remain unclear under different environmental stress factors. In this study, we monitor the accelerated lifetime performance of non-encapsulated inverted OPVs using thiophene-based active layer materials and evaporated MoO3 under the ISOS D-2 protocol (heat conditions 65 °C). The investigation of degradation mechanisms presented focus on optimized P3HT:PC[70]BM-based inverted OPVs. Specifically, we present a systematic study on the thermal stability of inverted P3HT:PC[70]BM OPVs using solution processed PEDOT:PSS and evaporated MoO3 HTL. Using a series of measurements and reverse engineering methods we report that the P3HT:PC[70]BM/MoO3 interface is the main origin of failure of P3HT:PC[70]BM-based inverted OPVs under intense heat conditions.
Evaluation par vidéo (STAVIRO) de l’état des peuplements ichtyologiques d’intérêt halieutique du Parc Naturel Marin de Mayotte
Creators: name: Roos, David
name: Gaboriau, Matthias
name: Giannasi, Paul
name: Maurel, Laurence
name: Pelletier, Dominique
Publisher: name: Ifremer
Year: 2019
Subjects: état initial
évaluation
peuplement ichtyologique
stock
vidéo
STAVIRO
abondance
richesse spécifique
ressources halieutiques
poisson
habitat corallien
lagon
récif
Mayotte

description: Les diagnostics des peuplements de poisson d’intérêt halieutique et des principaux stocks mettent en évidence des états contrastés à Mayotte en 2017. A l’échelle des peuplements, toutes espèces confondues, aucun signe patent d’un état non satisfaisant lié à la pression de pêche exercée n’a été observé. Cette situation s’explique en grande partie par les familles les plus diversifiées et les plus abondantes, souvent herbivores, tels que les poissons chirurgiens et les perroquets, dont l’état est jugé satisfaisant. En revanche, l’état des quatre principales familles de grands carnivores (les mérous, les vivaneaux, les capitaines et les carangues) est qualifié de non satisfaisant. La raréfaction des grandes espèces, voire la perte de diversité dans les structures d’habitat, les faibles abondances relevées, et bien souvent des structures de taille déséquilibrées par l’absence des petits poissons et/ou de grands poissons, accentuent la sensibilité à la pêche de ces familles et des espèces qui les composent, ce qui questionne sur la durabilité de leur exploitation. Ainsi, seules cinq espèces parmi les treize évaluées ont été classées dans un état satisfaisant. Il s’agit généralement d’espèces dont les tailles maximales ou communes ne dépassent pas 60 cm. Les plus grandes espèces ciblées historiquement (taille maximale supérieure à 1 mètre) sont rarement, voire non observées dans les comptages sur les habitats du lagon et des pentes externes et de l’Iris et ce jusqu’à 60 mètres de profondeur. Cette situation est caractéristique d’une pression de pêche excessive sur des espèces généralement qualifiées de vulnérables. L’état des peuplements et des stocks est également dépendant de l’état de santé des habitats coralliens et de leur diversité, essentiels au développement des espèces.