cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic and fluctuation dynamics following a quench to the superconducting phase
Creators: name: Stahl, Christopher
name: Eckstein, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of superconducting fluctuations in the attractive three-dimensional Hubbard model after a quench from the disordered phase to the ordered regime. While the long time evolution is well understood in terms of dissipative time-dependent Ginzburg-Landau models with unstable potentials, early times are more demanding due to the inseparable dynamics of the pairing fluctuations and the electronic quasiparticles. Our simulation using the time-dependent fluctuation exchange approximation treat both degrees of freedom on the same footing and reveal a non-thermal electronic regime causing a non-monotonous growth of the fluctuations. This feature is not directly captured from the Ginzburg-Landau theory, but nevertheless remains observable beyond the thermalization time of the electrons. We further explore how the growth of the order parameter fluctuations leads to an opening of a pseudo-gap in the electronic spectrum, and identify Andreev reflections as the dominant mechanism behind the gap opening.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Cholinergic manipulations affect sensory responses but not attentional enhancement in macaque MT
Creators: name: Veith, Vera Katharina
name: Cliodhna Quigley
name: Treue, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Results from control substance NaCl. Figure S2. Effect of injected substance on the attentional modulation index (AMI) of pooled data significantly affected by injection. Figure S3. Lack of relationship between injection and attention effects. Figure S4. No apparent effect of scopolamine volume and concentration. Fiure S5. No apparent effect of acetylcholine volume and concentration or of inter-tip distance. Table S1. List of analyzed SUs with pharmacological parameters used. TableS2. AMI and IMI values for analyzed SUs.
Reply to "Comment on 'Measuring a Photonic Qubit without Destroying It'"
Creators: name: Pryde, G. J.
name: O'Brien, J. L.
name: White, A. G.
name: Bartlett, S. D.
name: Ralph, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our Letter we proposed a scheme for nondeterministic quantum nondemolition (QND) measurement of the polarization of a single photon--a photonic qubit--using linear optics and photodetection. The scheme works with nonunit probability, but success is heralded by the detection of a single photon in the meter output. We provided an experimental demonstration of this scheme and introduced three universally applicable fidelity measures--the measurement fidelity F_M, the quantum state preparation fidelity F_QSP, and the QND fidelity F_QND--to quantify its performance. The claim of Kok and Munro in their Comment [quant-ph/0406120] is that one of our fidelity measures F_M is not appropriate because it relies on coincidence measurements. We show why this claim is wrong from both a fundamental and an operational perspective.
description: 1 page, no figures
GRB 050408: An Atypical Gamma-Ray Burst as a Probe of an Atypical Galactic Environment
Creators: name: Foley, R. J.
name: Perley, D. A.
name: Pooley, D.
name: Prochaska, J. X.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Li, W.
name: Cobb, B.
name: Chen, H. -W.
name: Aldering, G.
name: Bailyn, C.
name: Blake, C. H.
name: Falco, E. E.
name: Green, P. J.
name: Kowalski, M. P.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Roth, K.
name: Volk, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright GRB 050408 was localized by HETE-II near local midnight, enabling an impressive ground-based followup effort as well as space-based followup from Swift. The Swift data from the X-Ray Telescope (XRT) and our own optical photometry and spectrum of the afterglow provide the cornerstone for our analysis. Under the traditional assumption that the visible waveband was above the peak synchrotron frequency and below the cooling frequency, the optical photometry from 0.03 to 5.03 days show an afterglow decay corresponding to an electron energy index of p_lc = 2.05 +/- 0.04, without a jet break as suggested by others. A break is seen in the X-ray data at early times (at ~12600 sec after the GRB). The spectral slope of the optical spectrum is consistent with p_lc assuming a host-galaxy extinction of A_V = 1.18 mag. The optical-NIR broadband spectrum is also consistent with p = 2.05, but prefers A_V = 0.57 mag. The X-ray afterglow shows a break at 1.26 x 10^4 sec, which may be the result of a refreshed shock. This burst stands out in that the optical and X-ray data suggest a large H I column density of N_HI ~ 10^22 cm^-2; it is very likely a damped Lyman alpha system and so the faintness of the host galaxy (M_V > -18 mag) is noteworthy. Moreover, we detect extraordinarily strong Ti II absorption lines with a column density through the GRB host that exceeds the largest values observed for the Milky Way by an order of magnitude. Furthermore, the Ti II equivalent width is in the top 1% of Mg II absorption-selected QSOs. This suggests that the large-scale environment of GRB 050408 has significantly lower Ti depletion than the Milky Way and a large velocity width (delta v > 200 km/s).
description: ApJ submitted
Masses of heavy baryons in the relativistic quark model
Creators: name: Ebert, D.
name: Faustov, R. N.
name: Galkin, V. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The masses of the ground state heavy baryons consisting of two light (u,d,s) and one heavy (c,b) quarks are calculated in the heavy-quark--light-diquark approximation within the constituent quark model. The light quarks, forming the diquark, and the light diquark in the baryon are treated completely relativistically. The expansion in v/c up to the second order is used only for the heavy (b and c) quarks. The diquark-gluon interaction is taken modified by the form factor describing the light diquark structure in terms of the diquark wave functions. An overall reasonable agreement of the obtained predictions with available experimental data and previous theoretical results is found.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures, version published in Phys. Rev. D
The acute effects of volume infusion on mechanisms and severity of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia
Creators: name: Zavorsky, Gerald Stanley
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Incomplete recruitment of pulmonary capillaries could shorten right-to-left ventricular red cell pulmonary transit time (PTT) and explain exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH). Volume expansion could dilate and/or recruit pulmonary capillaries, lengthen PTT and improve gas exchange (reduce EIAH). The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute volume expansion using pentastarch changed EIAH and PTT during severe exercise. Twelve male endurance athletes ( VO[sub 2max] = 69.6 ± 7.4 ml • kg⁻¹ • min⁻¹; weight = 74.8 ± 6.0 kg; height = 180.6 ± 7.0 cm) performed 6.5 minutes constant, near-maximal cycling exercise (~92% VO[sub 2max]) on two different days. Seven subjects were classified as having EIAH [minimal arterial PO₂ ( PaO₂) during exercise < 90 mm Hg and/or alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (AaDO₂) during the last 2.5 minutes of exercise > 25 mm Hg]. Pentastarch [(500 mL, 10%), Infusion condition, I] or placebo [(60 mL normal saline), non-infusion condition, N] were infused prior to exercise in a randomized, double-blind fashion. Arterial blood gases, pulmonary transit time, multigated acquisition technique (MUGA)-derived cardiac output (Q̇), and oxygen consumption (VO₂) were measured during exercise. Pentastarch increased plasma volume significantly (+460 ± 422 ml; P = 0.002; n = 12). PTT was measured during the third minute of exercise by first-pass radionuclide cardiography using centroid and deconvolution analysis, while cardiac output (Q) was measured via a count-based ratio method from MUGA technique. PaO₂ (N = 89.5 ± 9.0; I = 90.7 ± 7.7 mm Hg), AaDO₂ (N = 21.8 ± 6.1; I = 22.7 ± 6.8 mm Hg), and arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation [(%SaO₂) , N = 93.9 ± 2.4; I = 93.8 ± 1.6%] at minute three of exercise did not differ between conditions (P > 0.05; n = 12). PTT minute three of exercise was significantly greater in the infusion than non-infusion conditions [I = 2.75 ± 0.32 seconds; N = 2.45 ± 0.21 seconds (P = 0.002)]. Pulmonary blood volume was also greater in the infusion than non-infusion conditions [I = 1.35 ± 0.21; N = 1.22 ± 0.13 liters (P = 0.015)]. VO₂ (N = 4.56 ± 0.54; I = 4.57 ± 0.56 L • min⁻¹) and Q (N = 30.6 + 4.2; I = 30.2 + 3.9 L • min⁻¹) did not differ between conditions. PTT at minute three of exercise was not correlated with PaO₂, AaDO₂, or %SaO₂ in subjects with or without EIAH. However, PTT was correlated with cardiac index (r² = 0.22, P = 0.03) and pre-exercising white blood cell count in the circulating pool (r² = 0.31; P = 0.009) when combining data from both noninfusion and infusion conditions. We conclude that volume expansion does not change EIAH despite increasing PTT, and suggest that PTT (and thus perhaps pulmonary capillary transit time) is not a significant mechanism of EIAH. These results also provide evidence against a morphological limit in pulmonary capillary blood volume capacity during severe exercise.
Ultraviolet modified photons and anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background radiation
Creators: name: Gamboa, J.
name: Lopez-Sarrion, J.
name: Polychronakos, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a minimal canonical modification of electrodynamics in order to account for ultraviolet Lorentz violating effects. This modification creates a birefringence that rotates the polarization planes from different directions. Such effects might be detectable in the anisotropic polarization of the Cosmic Microwave Background radiation.
description: RevTeX, 4pp
Additional file 1 of Napping on the night shift and its impact on blood pressure and heart rate variability among emergency medical services workers: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial
Creators: name: Patterson, P. Daniel
name: Weiss, Leonard S.
name: Weaver, Matthew D.
name: Salcido, David D.
name: Opitz, Samantha E.
name: Okerman, Tiffany S.
name: Smida, Tanner T.
name: Martin, Sarah E.
name: Guyette, Francis X.
name: Martin-Gill, Christian
name: Callaway, Clifton W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 1:. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
A Canonical Ensemble Approach to the Fermion/Boson Random Point Processes and its Applications
Creators: name: Tamura, H.
name: Ito, K. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60G55; 82B21

description: We introduce the boson and the fermion point processes from the elementary quantum mechanical point of view. That is, we consider quantum statistical mechanics of canonical ensemble for a fixed number of particles which obey Bose-Einstein, Fermi-Dirac statistics, respectively, in a finite volume. Focusing on the distribution of positions of the particles, we have point processes of the fixed number of points in a bounded domain. By taking the thermodynamic limit such that the particle density converges to a finite value, the boson/fermion processes are obtained. This argument is a realization of the equivalence of ensembles, since resulting processes are considered to describe a grand canonical ensemble of points. Random point processes corresponding to para-particles of order two are discussed as an application of the formulation. A statistics of a system of composite particles at zero temperature are also considered as a model of determinantal random point processes.
description: 26pages, Some typos are corrected, to be published in Commun. Math. Phys
Group versus Individual Liability: A Field Experiment in the Philippines
Creators: name: Gine, Xavier
name: Karlan, Dean S.
name: Gine, Xavier
name: Karlan, Dean S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Group liability is often portrayed as the key innovation that led to the explosion of the microcredit movement, which started with the Grameen Bank in the 1970s and continues on today with hundreds of institutions around the world. Group lending claims to improve repayment rates and lower transaction costs when lending to the poor by providing incentives for peers to screen, monitor and enforce each other's loans. However, some argue that group liability creates excessive pressure and discourages good clients from borrowing, jeopardizing both growth and sustainability. Therefore, it remains unclear whether group liability improves the lender's overall profitability and the poor's access to financial markets. We worked with a bank in the Philippines to conduct a field experiment to examine these issues. We randomly assigned half of the 169 pre-existing group liability "centers" of approximately twenty women to individual-liability centers (treatment) and kept the other half as-is with group liability (control). We find that the conversion to individual liability does not affect the repayment rate, and leads to higher growth in center size by attracting new clients.
MOLMED-2019 Abstract Dhaval Shukal.pdf
Creators: name: Shukal, Dhaval
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Retinal Pigment Epithelial (RPE) cell proliferation, migration and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) are involved in the development of proliferative vitro-retinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, etc. EMT of the RPE cell is associated with loss in the epithelial polarity and acquisition of mesenchymal polarity. AMPK is a serine/threonine protein kinase that couples cell differentiation with energy metabolism in the cells and plays a very important role in maintaining the polarity of cells. The Role of AMPK in maintaining the polarity of RPE cells and in the alternation of polarity during EMT of RPE cells is not evaluated.
Precession Mode on High-K Configurations: Non-Collective Axially-Symmetric Limit of Wobbling Motion
Creators: name: Shimizu, Yoshifumi R.
name: Matsuzaki, Masayuki
name: Matsuyanagi, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the precession mode, the rotational excitation built on the high-$K$ isomeric state, in comparison with the recently identified wobbling mode. The random-phase-approximation (RPA) formalism, which has been developed for the nuclear wobbling motion, is invoked and the precession phonon is obtained by the non-collective axially-symmetric limit of the formalism. The excitation energies and the electromagnetic properties of the precession bands in $^{178}$W are calculated, and it is found that the results of RPA calculations well correspond to those of the rotor model; the correspondence can be understood by an adiabatic approximation to the RPA phonon. As a by-product, it is also found that the problem of too small out-of-band $B(E2)$ in our previous RPA wobbling calculations can be solved by a suitable choice of the triaxial deformation which corresponds to the one used in the rotor model.
description: An oral presentation at Int. Conference "Finite Fermionic Systems: Nilsson Model 50 Years", Lund, Sweden, June 14-18, 2005
Data-Driven Game Development: Ethical Considerations
Creators: name: El-Nasr, Magy Seif
name: Kleinman, Erica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, the games industry has made a major move towards data-driven development, using data analytics and player modeling to inform design decisions. Data-driven techniques are beneficial as they allow for the study of player behavior at scale, making them very applicable to modern digital game development. However, with this move towards data driven decision-making comes a number of ethical concerns. Previous work in player modeling as well as work in the fields of AI and machine learning have demonstrated several ways in which algorithmic decision-making can be flawed due to data or algorithmic bias or lack of data from specific groups. Further, black box algorithms create a trust problem due to lack of interpretability and transparency of the results or models developed based on the data, requiring blind faith in the results. In this position paper, we discuss several factors affecting the use of game data in the development cycle. In addition to issues raised by previous work, we also raise issues with algorithms marginalizing certain player groups and flaws in the resulting models due to their inability to reason about situational factors affecting players' decisions. Further, we outline some work that seeks to address these problems and identify some open problems concerning ethics and game data science.
Seagrass Bed Ecosystem
Creators: name: Chatziefthimiou, Dr. Aspa
Publisher: name: Manara - Qatar Research Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3103
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 3108
subject: Plant biology
classificationCode: 37
subject: Earth sciences
classificationCode: 3708
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences
classificationCode: 4102
subject: Ecological applications

description: The seagrass bed ecosystem is distributed across temperate and tropical marine areas around the world. They are similar to coral reefs in that they act as refuges and feeding grounds for aquatic life and serve as nurseries for their young. Yet, because seagrasses are plants and not animals like corals, they engineer their ecosystem in a much different way. Once the seed germinates, it sends its root system or rhizome out horizontally, binding sediment particles in place, this way creating micro-habitats for other organisms. As a general rule, the organisms that make their living in seagrass beds have the ability to either burrow in sand, live in narrow spaces in between, or on seagrass leaves (epiphytes and epizoa). The leaves look like grass blades extending vertically up from the root.There are about 70 different species of seagrass worldwide, with the most diverse seagrass assemblages found in the Indo-Pacific. In Qatar we find four species that are highly adapted to the extreme salinity of the Gulf: the Narrow Leaf Seagrass Halodule uninervis, the Oval Leaf Seagrass Halophila ovalis, the Broad Leaf Seagrass Halophila stipulacea and the Turtle Seagrass Thalassia testudinium. Other members of the community include crabs, polychaete worms, black sea cucumbers, pen shells, pearl oysters, sea horses, and of course an assortment of fish. Maybe the most magnificent visitors of seagrass beds are the green turtles and dugongs. This ecosystem is essential for their sustenance since seagrasses are the major nutritional source of their diet.Other InformationPublished in: Qatar Marine Ecosystem lesson plans
License: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
See educational resource on publisher's website: https://www.earthna.qa/publications/educational-materials/qatar-marine-ecosystem-lesson-plans
Editor: Ruba Hinnawi
Editorial board: Dr. Gonzalo Castro de la Mata, Sebastien P. Turbot, Dr. Alexandre Amato, Nihal. Mohamed Al-Saleh, Dr. Mona Matar Al-Kuwari
Project Identifier (PI): EEF-2023-003
Petit, Mgr: Assomptionniste, fondateur des >>Échos d'Orient
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 87 (2003): Oriens christianus, Band 87
Deliverable 5.9 Data integrated from existing repositories V2
Creators: name: Schewe, Ingo
name: Caumont, Hervé
name: Ors, Fabien
name: Morvik, Arnfinn
name: Thorne, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Arctic
INTAROS
Observing Systems
Repository
Data Integration

description: The INTAROS project develops an integrated Arctic Observation System (iAOS) by extending, improving and unifying existing systems in the different regions of the Arctic. Within INTAROS, WP5 (Data integration and management) is tasked with designing and implementing evolution of the cloud platform with geo statistical tools for services as part of the iAOS. Partners in Task 5.3 are in charge of data integration from existing repositories, along with metadata, so that it is findable and exploitable by iAOS applications, and well referenced by the iAOS Portal and the INTAROS Data Catalogue. In particular, identification of the online data access points and the related protocols are offered to make the data accessible for use in the iAOS Showcase application services, as well as from other applications in WP6 which can utilize these data. Deliverable D5.9 describes the work done in Task 5.3 with respect to identifying and clarifying the technical requirements for data integration of existing data repositories, and gives examples of such integrations. Section 2.1 provides information on the growth of registered datasets in the INTAROS Data Catalogue as of 22nd April 2021 compared to 1st December 2019. A summary of to what extent the original plans for integration of data repositories in Task 5.3 have been achieved is given in Section 2.2. AWI / Terradue conducted an email campaign to partners in order to identify which datasets are planned to be registered in the INTAROS Data Catalogue (Section 2.3). Section 3 describes relevant data repositories which in some cases are linked to the iAOS cloud platform and in other cases listed as potential source of data (when an actual integration into data processing applications was performed as part of other INTAROS tasks, the mention “iAOS Application” is added along with the reference to it). Section 4 describes the data sources for selected iAOS Showcase applications, the data needed by application developers, and how the foreseen output data products could be used. In particular, this includes the integration of data repositories behind machine-to-machine interfaces, using an API (Application Programming Interface). Effort was made to identify iAOS Cloud Platform features related to data discovery and access useful for the showcase applications from WP6 partners. We finally describe the selected iAOS Showcase applications, how the data is delivered to these application developers, and how the foreseen output data products could be used.
What if ALP dark matter for the XENON1T excess is the inflaton
Creators: name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
name: Yamada, Masaki
name: Yin, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent XENON1T excess in the electron recoil data can be explained by anomaly-free axion-like particle (ALP) dark matter with mass $m_ϕ= 2.3 \pm 0.2\,$keV and the decay constant $f_ϕ/q_e \simeq 2 \times 10^{10} \sqrt{Ω_ϕ/Ω_{\rm DM}}\,{\rm GeV}$. Intriguingly, the suggested mass and decay constant are consistent with the relation, $f_ϕ\sim 10^3 \sqrt{m_ϕM_p}$, predicted in a scenario where the ALP plays the role of the inflaton. This raises a possibility that the ALP dark matter responsible for the XENON1T excess also drove inflation in the very early universe. We study implications of the XENON1T excess for the ALP inflation and thermal history of the universe after inflation.
description: 21pages, 4figures
The Economic Impact of AIDS Treatment: Labor Supply in Western Kenya
Creators: name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Zivin, Joshua Graff
name: Goldstein, Markus
name: Thirumurthy, Harsha
name: Zivin, Joshua Graff
name: Goldstein, Markus
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Labor and Human Capital

description: Using longitudinal survey data from western Kenya, this paper estimates the economic impacts of antiretroviral treatment. The responses in two important outcomes are studied: (1) labor supply of adult AIDS patients receiving treatment; and (2) labor supply of patients' household members. We find that within six months after treatment initiation, there is a 20 percent increase in patients' likelihood of participating in the labor force and a 35 percent increase in weekly hours worked. Since patient health would continue to decline without treatment, these labor supply responses are underestimates of the impact of treatment on the treated. The upper bound of the treatment impact, based on plausible assumptions about the counterfactual, is considerably larger. The responses in household members' labor supply are heterogeneous, with young boys and women work significiantly less after initiation of treatment. The effects on child labor are important since they suggest potential schooling impacts from treatment.
Interpersonal, Intertemporal and Spatial Variation in Risk Perceptions: Evidence from East Africa
Creators: name: Doss, Cheryl R.
name: McPeak, John G.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
name: Doss, Cheryl R.
name: McPeak, John G.
name: Barrett, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: This study investigates variation over time, space and household and individual characteristics in how people perceive different risks. Using original data from the arid and semi-arid lands of east Africa, we explore which risks concern individuals and how they assess their relative level of concern about these identified risks. Because these assessments were gathered for multiple time periods, sites, households and individuals within households, we are able to identify the degree to which risk perceptions vary across time, across communities, across households within a community, and across individuals within a household. We find the primary determinants of risk rankings to be changing community level variables over time, with household specific and individual specific variables exhibiting much less influence. This suggests that community based planning and monitoring of development efforts that address risk exposure should be prioritized. We also find that individuals throughout this area are most concerned about food security overall, so that development efforts that directly address this problem should be given the highest priority.
Baumer, Iso: Von der Unio zur Communio
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 87 (2003): Oriens christianus, Band 87
Additional file 2 of Napping on the night shift and its impact on blood pressure and heart rate variability among emergency medical services workers: study protocol for a randomized crossover trial
Creators: name: Patterson, P. Daniel
name: Weiss, Leonard S.
name: Weaver, Matthew D.
name: Salcido, David D.
name: Opitz, Samantha E.
name: Okerman, Tiffany S.
name: Smida, Tanner T.
name: Martin, Sarah E.
name: Guyette, Francis X.
name: Martin-Gill, Christian
name: Callaway, Clifton W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: Additional file 2:. Consent to act as a subject in a research study.
The modernist American sonnet
Creators: name: Zuk, Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The sonnet is the oldest prescribed form in English poetry, and it has enjoyed an almost uninterrupted popularity from the sixteenth century to the present. In the first half of the twentieth century, the sonnet came under attack from a number of influential poets and critics. Ezra Pound, T. S. Eliot, William Carlos Williams, and, to a lesser extent, Wallace Stevens all declared that the sonnet was an outmoded, "baneful" form that was unable to meet the poetical demands of the modern age. In spite of these criticisms, the sonnet flourished in the hands of American poets of the period. E A. Robinson, Robert Frost, Edna St. Vincent Millay, E. E. Cummings, among others, all wrote important sonnets, meeting these criticisms of the form by introducing radical new innovations into the sonnet even as they managed to retain many familiar conceits and stylistic features that date back to the English Renaissance. Robinson adapted the sonnet to express narrative rather than lyric conventions, while Frost employed the sonnet to express non-Platonic views of poetic structure and order. Millay combined traditional and modern imagery and diction in her sonnets, while Cummings organized his efforts in the form by techniques that were originally developed for free verse. This thesis explores these and other contributions to the sonnet and the new standards that were set for its subject matter, imagery, language, and structure. By demonstrating the importance of these developments, this study illuminates the formal inventiveness that was so prominent in American poetry during the Modernist era.
From spirals to lenticulars: evidence from the rotation curves and mass models of three early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Shelest, Alexandra V.
name: Lelli, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotation curves have traditionally been difficult to trace for early-type galaxies (ETGs) because they often lack a high-density disk of cold gas as in late-type galaxies (LTGs). We derive rotation curves for three lenticular galaxies from the ATLAS3D survey, combining CO data in the inner parts with deep HI data in the outer regions, extending out to 10-20 effective radii. We also use Spitzer photometry at 3.6 um to decompose the rotation curves into the contributions of baryons and dark matter (DM). We find that (1) the rotation-curve shapes of these ETGs are similar to those of LTGs of similar mass and surface brightness; (2) the dynamically$-$inferred stellar mass-to-light ratios are small for quiescent ETGs but similar to those of star-forming LTGs; (3) the DM halos follow the same scaling relations with galaxy luminosity as those of LTGs; (4) one galaxy (NGC 3626) is poorly fitted by cuspy DM profiles, suggesting that DM cores may exist in high-mass galaxies too. Our results indicate that these lenticular galaxies have recently transitioned from LTGs to ETGs without altering their DM halo structure (e.g., via a major merger) and could be faded spirals. We also confirm that ETGs follow the same radial acceleration relation as LTGs, reinforcing the notion that this is a universal law for all galaxy types.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
The Food Problem and the Evolution of International Income Levels
Creators: name: Gollin, Douglas
name: Parente, Stephen L.
name: Rogerson, Richard
name: Gollin, Douglas
name: Parente, Stephen L.
name: Rogerson, Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: agriculture
subject: economic growth
subject: subsistence
subject: food problem
subject: agricultural technology
subject: long-run growth

description: This paper examines the effect of agricultural development on a country's overall development and growth experience. In most poor countries, large fractions of land, labor, and other productive resources are devoted to producing food for subsistence needs. This "food problem" can delay a country's industrial development for a long period of time, causing its per capita income to fall far behind the world leader. Once industrialization begins, this trend is reversed. The extent to which a country catches up to the leader depends primarily on factors that affect productivity in non-agricultural activities: agricultural productivity is thus largely irrelevant in the very long run. But in the short run, a country that experiences large improvements in agricultural productivity (due to, say, a Green Revolution) will experience a rapid increase in its income relative to the leaders.
The Return to Capital in Ghana
Creators: name: Anagol, Santosh
name: Udry, Christopher R.
name: Anagol, Santosh
name: Udry, Christopher R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: We show that the real return to capital in Ghana's informal sector is high. For farmers, we find annual returns ranging from 205-350% in the new technology of pineapple cultivation, and 30-50% in well-established food crop cultivation. We also examine the relative prices of durable goods of varying durability, and estimate a lower bound to the opportunity cost of capital of 60%.
Resistance profile measurements on a symmetric electrical pulse induced resistance change device
Creators: name: Chen, X.
name: Strozier, J.
name: Wu, N. J.
name: Ignatiev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the first direct measurements of the micro scale resistance profile between the terminals of a two terminal symmetric thin film Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 electrical pulse induced resistance change device composed of a Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 active layer. The symmetric device is one in which the electrode shape, size, composition, and deposition processing are identical. We show that under certain limitations of pulse switching voltage, such a symmetric electrical pulse induced resistance change device can exhibit either no net device resistance switching at room temperature, or bipolar switching with the resistance hysteresis curve exhibiting a "table leg" structure. The resistance measurements are made using surface scanning Kelvin probe microscopy, which allows for the measurement of the profile of resistance from one electrode, across the Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 material and into the second electrode, both before resistance switching and after switching. The results show that resistance switching in the symmetric device occurs primarily in the interface region within about 1 to 3 micron of the electrical contact surface. Resistance switching is also observed in the bulk Pr0.7Ca0.3MnO3 material although at a lower level. Symmetry considerations for a two terminal symmetric device that can switch resistance are discussed, and the data reported here is consistent with the symmetric model previously developed.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
An Outcome-Oriented Theory of Choice and Empirical Paradoxes in Expected Utility Theory
Creators: name: Kaneko, Fumihiro
name: Kaneko, Fumihiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: expected utility theory
subject: SSA representation
subject: SSB representation
subject: prospect theory
subject: choice under uncertainty

description: I analyze observed choice between lotteries from an outcome-oriented point of view in the framework of choice between random variables. I characterize a choice maker, who faces a choice situation between lotteries, by (1) a surmising process that associates, with a pair of lotteries, a set of well-defined choice situations between random variables, and (2) a choice set that is a collection of well-defined choice situations. I give a partial axiomatic foundation of the theory. The theory is applied to explain the well-known paradoxes in expected utility theory.
title: Functional morphology of the hominin knee: locomotor signals in the trabecular structure of the distal femur and proximal tibia in extant and extinct hominoids
Creators: name: Lukova, Andrea
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2024

description: The first aim of this thesis is to explore relationship between the trabecular bone structure of the distal femur in extant primates and their locomotor behaviors, both across species and within individual groups. The second aim is to investigate potential connections between the trabecular bone architecture of the proximal tibia in these primates. Furthermore, the third aim is to infer locomotor activities of certain extinct hominins based on their trabecular bone patterns. To achieve this, we analysed the trabecular structure of the distal femur in 
Australopithecus sediba, Australopithecus africanus, and Homo neanderthalensis as well as both the distal femur and proximal tibia in Homo floresiensis.
Fig (Ficus carica L.): A new fruit crop in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Mehraj, H.
name: Ripon Kumar Sikder
name: MN Haider
name: MS Hussain
name: AFM JAMAL UDDIN
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70601 Horticultural Crop Growth and Development
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: An experiment was executed at Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh to observe the performance of two exotic edible fig cultivars in Bangladesh. Indian and Egyptian fig cultivars are exploited on the experiment. Both of the fig cultivars performed very well in the climatic condition of Bangladesh. Egyptian fig provide 68.3 fruit/plant, fruit length (49.2 mm) and diameter (50.2 mm), fruit weight
(46.2 g) and brix (13.1%). On the other hand, Indian fig provided 103.0 fruit/plant, fruit length (37.6 mm) and diameter (41.2 mm), fruit weight (35.8g) and brix (10.7%). So, it is possible to cultivate fig in Bangladesh.
"And then they died": Using Action Sequences for Data Driven,Context Aware Gameplay Analysis
Creators: name: Kleinman, Erica
name: Ahmad, Sabbir
name: Teng, Zhaoqing
name: Bryant, Andy
name: Nguyen, Truong-Huy D.
name: Harteveld, Casper
name: El-Nasr, Magy Seif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many successful games rely heavily on data analytics to understand players and inform design. Popular methodologies focus on machine learning and statistical analysis of aggregated data. While effective in extracting information regarding player action, much of the context regarding when and how those actions occurred is lost. Qualitative methods allow researchers to examine context and derive meaningful explanations about the goals and motivations behind player behavior, but are difficult to scale. In this paper, we build on previous work by combining two existing methodologies: Interactive Behavior Analytics (IBA) and sequence analysis (SA), in order to create a novel, mixed methods, human-in-the-loop data analysis methodology that uses behavioral labels and visualizations to allow analysts to examine player behavior in a way that is context sensitive, scalable, and generalizable. We present the methodology along with a case study demonstrating how it can be used to analyze behavioral patterns of teamwork in the popular multiplayer game Defense of the Ancients 2 (DotA 2).
Adjustment is Much Slower than You Think
Creators: name: Caballero, Ricardo J.
name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
name: Caballero, Ricardo J.
name: Engel, Eduardo M.R.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: speed of adjustment
subject: discrete adjustment
subject: lumpy adjustment
subject: aggregation
subject: Calvo model
subject: ARMA process
subject: partial adjustment
subject: expected response time
subject: monetary policy
subject: investment
subject: labor demand
subject: sticky prices
subject: idiosyncratic shocks
subject: impulse response function
subject: Wold representation
subject: time-to-build

description: In most instances, the dynamic response of monetary and other policies to shocks is infrequent and lumpy. The same holds for the microeconomic response of some of the most important economic variables, such as investment, labor demand, and prices. We show that the standard practice of estimating the speed of adjustment of such variables with partial-adjustment ARMA procedures substantially overestimates this speed. For example, for the target federal funds rate, we find that the actual response to shocks is less than half as fast as the estimated response. For investment, labor demand and prices, the speed of adjustment inferred from aggregates of a small number of agents is likely to be close to instantaneous. While aggregating across microeconomic units reduces the bias (the limit of which is illustrated by Rotemberg's widely used linear aggregate characterization of Calvo's model of sticky prices), in some instances convergence is extremely slow. For example, even after aggregating investment across all establishments in U.S. manufacturing, the estimate of its speed of adjustment to shocks is biased upward by more than 80 percent. While the bias is not as extreme for labor demand and prices, it still remains significant at high levels of aggregation. Because the bias rises with disaggregation, findings of microeconomic adjustment that is substantially faster than aggregate adjustment are generally suspect.
COVID-19 and STEMI: A snapshot analysis of presentation patterns during a pandemic
Creators: name: Joseph Coughlan, John
name: Chongprasertpon, Napohn
name: Arockiam, Sacchin
name: Arnous, Samer
name: Kiernan, Thomas J.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has
emerged as a major global public health emergency [1]. Many
countries, including the Republic of Ireland, have instituted restrictions on their citizens in order to reduce the transmission of the virus [2,3], colloquially referred to as ‘lockdown’. Concern has been raised regarding an observed decrease in the number of ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presentations during this period [4,5]. Numerous theories have been proposed regarding this phenomenon [4]. The most concerning hypothesis is that patients with symptoms of acute myocardial ischemia may not be presenting to medical attention due to lockdown measures or concern regarding COVID-19.
Non-perturbative contribution to the Polyakov loop above the deconfinement phase transition
Creators: name: Megias, E.
name: Arriola, E. Ruiz
name: Salcedo, L. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Polyakov loop is an order parameter to the confinement-deconfinement phase transition in pure gluodynamics. Recently a simple phenomenological model has been proposed to describe the available lattice data for the renormalized Polyakov loop in the deconfinement phase (hep-ph/0505215). These data exhibit unequivocal inverse power temperature corrections driven by a dimension two gluon condensate. The heavy quark free energy is also studied and compared to lattice data.
description: Talk given at Quark Matter 2005, 18th Internationl Conference on Nucleus-Nucleus Interactions, August 4-9, 2005, Budapest, Hungary, 4 pages, 3 figures
Correlation Analysis of Financial Contagion: What One Should Know Before Running a Test
Creators: name: Corsetti, Giancarlo
name: Pericoli, Marcello
name: Sbracia, Massimo
name: Corsetti, Giancarlo
name: Pericoli, Marcello
name: Sbracia, Massimo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: contagion
subject: financial crisis
subject: correlation analysis

description: This paper builds a general test of contagion in financial markets based on bivariate correlation analysis - a test that can be interpreted as an extension of the normal correlation theorem. Contagion is defined as a structural break in the data generating process of rates of return. Using a factor model of returns as theoretical framework, we nest leading contributions in the literature as special cases of our test. We show that, while the literature on correlation analysis of contagion is successful in controlling for a potential bias induced by changes in the variance of global shocks, current tests are conditional on a specific yet arbitrary assumption about the variance of country specific shocks. Our results suggest that, for a number of pairs of country stock markets, the hypothesis of 'no contagion' can be rejected only if the variance of country specific shocks is set to levels that are not consistent with the evidence.
Migration, Trade, Capital and Development: Substitutes, Complements and Policies
Creators: name: Ranis, Gustav
name: Ranis, Gustav
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade
Labor and Human Capital

description: Migration of the unskilled clearly benefits the origin country, mainly due to the flow of remittances but also if the departure of some raises the ability of others to migrate. This depends on whether trade is a complement or a substitute for migration. The impact of such flows on the destination country is more ambiguous, although most research indicates that wages and employment are not likely to be seriously affected.Migration of the skilled is ambiguous with respect to the origin country since the impact of brain drain on local development must be weighed against the signaling effect for additional education plus the contribution of remittances. With respect to the destination country, the inflow of skilled labor is generally considered an unambiguous plus as it contributes to the enhancement of productivity. The paper concludes with policy recommendations aimed at seizing the opportunities arising from the fact that international migration remains the most constrained element of globalization.
Density fluctuations on mm and Mpc scales
Creators: name: Basse, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will in this paper report on suggestive similarities between density fluctuation power versus wavenumber on small (mm) and large (Mpc) scales. The small scale measurements were made in fusion plasmas and compared to predictions from classical fluid turbulence theory. The data is consistent with the dissipative range of 2D turbulence. Alternatively, the results can be fitted to a functional form that can not be explained by turbulence theory. The large scale measurements were part of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxy redshift examination. We found that the equations describing fusion plasmas also hold for the galaxy data. The comparable dependency of density fluctuation power on wavenumber in fusion plasmas and galaxies might indicate a common origin of these fluctuations.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in 'Physics Letters A'