Uroptychus scambus Benedict 1902
Creators: name: Schnabel, Kareen E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Chirostylidae
Uroptychus
Uroptychus scambus

description: <i>UROPTYCHUS SCAMBUS</i> BENEDICT, 1902 <i>Uroptychus scambus</i> Benedict, 1902: 297, fig. 41 [type locality: off Honshu, Japan, 337 fms (617 m); holotype, &amp;female; ovig., USNM 26165]. – Doflein &amp; Balss, 1913: 134. – Van Dam, 1937: 100, fig. 1. – Baba, 1981: 120; 1988: 43; – Baba, 2005: 58, 217, 230 (list). <i>Uroptychus glyphodactylus</i> MacGilchrist, 1905: 249 [type locality: east of the Andamans, ‘Investigator’ St. 331, 569 fm (1041 m); two syntypes, Zoological Survey of India, Calcutta]. – Alcock &amp; MacGilchrist, 1905: pl. 70, fig. 4; pl. 71: fig. 1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d (no record). <i>Uroptychus edwardi</i> Kensley, 1981: 69, figs 6, 7 [type locality: between Durban and East London, South Africa; 900 m; holotype, &amp;female; ovig., South African Museum A16033]. <i>Material examined:</i> 2 &amp;male; (4.5, 7.3 mm), Makassar Strait, Indonesia, 03°56′S, 118°26′E, 2084 m, 24.viii.1951, <i>Galathea</i> stn 453 (ZMUC CRU–11506). 2 &amp;male; (5.4, 4.9 mm), 1 &amp;female; ovig. (5.0 mm), Norfolk Ridge, 26° 25.93–25.99′S, 167° 10.87–09.64′E, 750–774 m, 18.v.2003, TAN0308/43 (NMNZ Cr. 012088). 1 &amp;male; (5.4 mm), Kermadec Ridge, 31° 05.25–05.41′S, 179° 05.40–04.78′W, 1129– 944 m, 19.iv.2002, RV <i>Tangaroa</i>, stn TAN0205/48 (NIWA 18590). 1 &amp;female; (3.5 mm), Lord Howe Rise, 34° 12.43′S, 162° 39.49′E 760– 758 m, 26.v.2003, TAN0308/82 (NMNZ Cr. 012089). 1 &amp;female; (4.0 mm), Northland Plateau, 34° 12.79′S, 173° 01.30′E, 452–460 m, 23.xi.1977, stn I368 (NIWA 10145). 1 &amp;male; (4.9 mm), 1 &amp;female; ovig. (5.0 mm), Northland Plateau, 34° 42.30′S, 174° 17.59′E, 705– 684 m, 20.xi.1977, stn I366 (NIWA 10136). 1 &amp;female; ovig. (5.2 mm), Northland Plateau, 34° 43.49′S, 174° 31.49′E, 743 m, 11.x.1968, NZOI stn F913 (NMNZ Cr. 012085). 1 &amp;male; (4.1 mm), Northland Plateau, 35° 58.99′S, 173° 10.00′E, 701– 689 m, 23.iii.1968, NZOI stn E884 (NMNZ Cr. 012086). 1 &amp;female; ovig. (4.9 mm), Bay of Plenty, 37° 12.54–12.96′S, 177° 14.25–14.20′E, 910– 701 m, 11.xi.2004, RV <i>Tangaroa</i>, stn TAN0413/59 (NIWA 10198). 1 &amp;male; (5.4 mm), 1 &amp;female; ovig. (5.0 mm), 1 &amp;female; (5.5 mm), Bay of Plenty, 37° 32′S, 177° 20′E, 732 m, 30.ix.1962, VUW Haul 13 (NMNZ Cr. 012087). 1 &amp;male; (5.8 mm), Hikurangi Trough, 39° 26.80–27.40′S, 178° 19.99–18.40′E, 1000– 800 m, 16.vi.1990, stn R439 (NIWA 16707). <i>Diagnosis:</i> Carapace broader than long, dorsal surface smooth; lateral margin strongly convex posteriorly, anterolateral spine well-developed, directed straight forward or slightly curved mesially. Sternal plastron at least three times wider than long; sternite 3 anterior margin widely and shallowly excavated, with small median notch. Rostrum short, barely reaching or slightly overreaching ocular peduncle. Antennal peduncle unarmed, ultimate and penultimate articles subequal length; antennal scale barely reaching end of antennal article 4. Maxilliped 3 unarmed; ischium with obsolete denticles on mesial ridge. Pereopod 1 (cheliped) slender, 4.8–5.7 times as long as carapace; ischium with stout distodorsal spine; merus and carpus with at least one terminal dorsal spine. Pereopods 2–4 slender; meri and carpi smooth along dorsal margins; carpi long, slightly shorter than propodi on P2–3, much shorter on P4; propodi unarmed; P4 propodus 0.4 times length of P2 propodus; propodus and dactylus subprehensile and subequal in length, gaping when folded, margins bearing plumose setae; flexor margin of dactylus with 9–16 spines nearly perpendicular to margin, all spines obscured by dense setae. <i>Variation and remarks:</i> <i>Uroptychus scambus</i> Benedict, 1902 is a widespread Indo-West Pacific species and very distinct with its very wide carapace and sternum (wider than high for both characters), short rostrum (at most slightly overreaching the ocular peduncles) and subprehensile and setose propodus and dactylus of the walking legs. The New Zealand <i>Uroptychus scambus</i> closely agree with the description by Kensley (1981) for South African material. Sexual dimorphism is not only significant with respect to the size of the cheliped palm but also in the height–width ratio of the sternal plastron. Male specimens have a more massive cheliped propodal palm than females (height–width ratio for males: 3.0–3.6; females: 3.7–4.0) and females have a significantly wider sternal plastron than males (height–width ratio for males: 3.2–3.8; females: 6.1–7.5) with the highest height–width ratio in ovigerous females where the sternum is both increased in width and simultaneously reduced in height in large females. This probably enlarges the cavity under the abdomen and may allow the females to support more eggs (female NIWA 10136 carried 14 eggs, each a diameter between 1.22 and 1.59 mm). The cheliped spination increases with body size, with the cheliped carpus in the largest male (ZMUC CRU–11506) bearing ten strong spines along its mesial margin. None of the New Zealand specimens had spines along the mesial margin but the largest specimens had a row of up to nine strong granules, progressively diminishing in number and size in smaller specimens. Additionally, large specimens also have two or three terminal spines on the carpus and merus in addition to the strong distodorsal spine. The small female (NMNZ Cr 012089) had a small kentrogonid rhizocephalan under its abdomen. <i>Distribution:</i> East coast of South Africa, Andaman Sea, Nicobar Islands, Indonesia, Japan, New Zealand, and Tasman Sea, 296–2084 m. In New Zealand, <i>U. scambus</i> has been found between 452 and 1129 m (Fig. 5).
description: Published as part of <i>Schnabel, Kareen E., 2009, A review of the New Zealand Chirostylidae (Anomura: Galatheoidea) with description of six new species from the Kermadec Islands, pp. 542-582 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 155 (3)</i> on pages 567-568, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2008.00449.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5444819
description: {"references": ["Benedict JE. 1902. Description of a new genus and forty six new species of crustaceans of the family Galatheidae with a list of the known marine species. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington 26: 243 - 334.", "Doflein F, Balss H. 1913. Die Galatheiden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer Valdivia 1898 - 1899 20: 125 - 184, pls 12 - 17.", "Van Dam AJ. 1937. Einige neue Fundorte von Chirostylidae. Zoologischer Anzeiger, Leipzig 120: 99 - 103, fig. 1.", "Baba K. 1981. Deep-sea galatheidean Crustacea (Decapoda, Anomura) taken by the R / V Soyo-Maru in Japanese Waters. I Family Chirostylidae. Bulletin of the National Science Museum, Tokyo, Series A 1: 111 - 134.", "Baba K. 1988. Chirostylid and galatheid crustaceans (Decapoda: Anomura) of the Albatross Philippine Expedition, 1907 - 1910. Researches on Crustacea, Special Number 2: 1 - 203.", "Baba K. 2005. Deep-sea chirostylid and galatheid crustaceans (Decapoda: Anomura) from the Indo-West Pacific, with a list of species. Galathea Reports 20: 1 - 317.", "MacGilchrist AC. 1905. Natural history notes from the R. I. M. S. Investigator, Capt. T. H. Heming, R. N. (retired), commanding. - Series III., No. 6. An account of the new and some of the rarer decapod Crustacea obtained during the surveying seasons 1901 - 1904. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 7 15: 233 - 268.", "Alcock A, MacGilchrist AC. 1905. Illustrations of the Zoology of the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship Investigator. Crustacea, part 11, pl. 68 - 76.", "Kensley B. 1981. The South African Museum's Meiring Naude cruises. Part 12. Crustacea Decapoda of the 1977, 1978, 1979 cruises. Annals of the South African Museum 83: 49 - 77."]}