cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Future Constraints on the Reionization History and the Ionizing Sources from Gamma-ray Burst Afterglows
Creators: name: Lidz, Adam
name: Chang, Tzu-Ching
name: Mas-Ribas, Lluís
name: Sun, Guocaho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We forecast the reionization history constraints, inferred from Lyman-alpha damping wing absorption features, for a future sample of $\sim 20$ $z \geq 6$ gamma-ray burst (GRB) afterglows. We describe each afterglow spectrum by a three-parameter model. First, L characterizes the size of the ionized region (the "bubble size") around a GRB host halo. Second, $\langle{x_{\rm HI}\rangle}$ is the volume-averaged neutral fraction outside of the ionized bubble around the GRB, which is approximated as spatially uniform. Finally, $N_{\mathrm{HI}}$ denotes the column-density of a local damped Lyman-alpha absorber (DLA) associated with the GRB host galaxy. The size distribution of ionized regions is extracted from a numerical simulation of reionization, and evolves strongly across the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The model DLA column densities follow the empirical distribution determined from current GRB afterglow spectra. We use a Fisher matrix formalism to forecast the $\langle{x_{\rm HI}(z)\rangle}$ constraints that can be obtained from follow-up spectroscopy of afterglows with SNR = 20 per R=3,000 resolution element at the continuum. We find that the neutral fraction may be determined to better than 10-15\% (1-$σ$) accuracy from this data across multiple independent redshift bins at $z \sim 6-10$, spanning much of the EoR, although the precision degrades somewhat near the end of reionization. A more futuristic survey with $80$ GRB afterglows at $z \geq 6$ can improve the precision here by a factor of $2$ and extend measurements out to $z \sim 14$. We further discuss how these constraints may be combined with estimates of the escape fraction of ionizing photons, derived from the DLA column density distribution towards GRBs extracted at slightly lower redshift. This combination will help in testing whether we have an accurate census of the sources that reionized the universe.
description: To be submitted to ApJ
Ivo Bock (Hrsg.), Scharf überwachte Kommunikation. Zensursysteme in Ost(mittel)europa (1960er- 1980er Jahre)
Creators: name: Behrends, Jan C.
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): „Aufbruch zur Demokratie?“ Aspekte einer Demokratiegeschichte Ostmitteleuropas (1918-1939)
Carbon Nanotube Quantum Dots with Nb Contacts
Creators: name: Pallecchi, Emiliano
name: Gaass, Markus
name: Ryndyk, Dmitry
name: Strunk, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the preparation of carbon nanotube quantum dots using superconducting electrodes made of niobium. Gate-controllable supercurrents with values of up to 30 nA are induced by the proximity effect. The IV-curves are hysteretic at low temperature and the corresponding switching histograms have a width of ~0.5-2. An on-chip resistive environment integrated in the sample layout is used in order to increase the switching current.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Anne Applebaum, Der Eiserne Vorhang. Die Unterdrückung Osteuropas 1944-1956
Creators: name: Wiaderny, Bernard
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): „Aufbruch zur Demokratie?“ Aspekte einer Demokratiegeschichte Ostmitteleuropas (1918-1939)
Dielectric and refractive index measurements for the systems 1-pentanol + octane, or + dibutyl ether or for dibutyl ether + octane at different temperatures
Creators: name: Alonso, Víctor
name: González, Juan Antonio
name: de la Fuente, Isaías García
name: Cobos, José Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relative permittivities, $\varepsilon_{r}$, and refractive indixes, $n_{D}$, have been measured at (288.15-308.15) K and (293.15-303.15) K, respectively, for the mixtures 1-pentanol + octane, or + dibutyl ether and dibutyl ether + octane. These data have been used, together with density measurements available in the literature, to determine the correlation factor, $g_{K}$, for the studied systems according to the Kirkwood-Fröhlich equations. Results show that the existence of cyclic species of 1-pentanol are predominant at low concentrations of this alkanol when is mixed with octane. These species are broken in large extent by the more active molecules of oxaalkane in the dibutyl ether mixtures, which is in agreement with calorimetric data. The dibutyl ether + octane system does not show meaningful structure. These conclusions are confirmed by values of the molar polarization and by the temperature dependence of $\varepsilon_{r}$. The empirical expressions of Lorentz-Lorenz, Wiener, Heller, Gladstone-Dale and Newton correlate well the $n_{D}$ data.
Multi-Scale Context Aggregation Network with Attention-Guided for Crowd Counting
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhao, Yang
name: Yang, Tangwen
name: Ruan, Qiuqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd counting aims to predict the number of people and generate the density map in the image. There are many challenges, including varying head scales, the diversity of crowd distribution across images and cluttered backgrounds. In this paper, we propose a multi-scale context aggregation network (MSCANet) based on single-column encoder-decoder architecture for crowd counting, which consists of an encoder based on a dense context-aware module (DCAM) and a hierarchical attention-guided decoder. To handle the issue of scale variation, we construct the DCAM to aggregate multi-scale contextual information by densely connecting the dilated convolution with varying receptive fields. The proposed DCAM can capture rich contextual information of crowd areas due to its long-range receptive fields and dense scale sampling. Moreover, to suppress the background noise and generate a high-quality density map, we adopt a hierarchical attention-guided mechanism in the decoder. This helps to integrate more useful spatial information from shallow feature maps of the encoder by introducing multiple supervision based on semantic attention module (SAM). Extensive experiments demonstrate that the proposed approach achieves better performance than other similar state-of-the-art methods on three challenging benchmark datasets for crowd counting. The code is available at https://github.com/KingMV/MSCANet
Motion of a Vector Particle in a Curved Space-time. IV. Asymptotical shape of caustic
Creators: name: Muminov, A. T.
name: Turakulov, Z. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The studies of influence of spin on a photon motion in a Schwartzschild spacetime is continued. In the previous paper [2] the first order correction to the geodesic motion is reduced to a non-uniform linear ordinary differential equation and the equation obtained has been solved by the standard method of integration of the Green function. If each photon draws a world line specified by this solution then light rays from infinitely distant source form a caustic which does not appear without the spin-gravity interaction. The goal of the present work is to obtain explicit form of caustic.
description: 6 pages
Roland Enke, Bettina Probst (Hrsg.), Via regia - 800 Jahre Bewegung und Begegnung. Katalog der 3. Sächsischen Landesausstellung, Staatliche Kunstsammlungen Dresden, Görlitz 21. Mai bis 31. Oktober 2011
Creators: name: Henkelmann, Vera
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Using Neighborhood Context to Improve Information Extraction from Visual Documents Captured on Mobile Phones
Creators: name: Gunaratna, Kalpa
name: Srinivasan, Vijay
name: Nama, Sandeep
name: Jin, Hongxia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information Extraction from visual documents enables convenient and intelligent assistance to end users. We present a Neighborhood-based Information Extraction (NIE) approach that uses contextual language models and pays attention to the local neighborhood context in the visual documents to improve information extraction accuracy. We collect two different visual document datasets and show that our approach outperforms the state-of-the-art global context-based IE technique. In fact, NIE outperforms existing approaches in both small and large model sizes. Our on-device implementation of NIE on a mobile platform that generally requires small models showcases NIE's usefulness in practical real-world applications.
description: accepted at CIKM 2021, pre-print version
Mining for Metabolites: A Study of Alternaria Species'
Creators: name: Villeneuve, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Metabolomics

description: Over the past several years, fungal species’ (spp.) with the capability to infect humans have caused an estimated 1.6 million deaths annually, and are threatening bats, amphibians, and reptiles with extinction (Frick et al., 2010; Brown et al., 2012; Casadevall, 2017). Additionally, contamination of crops by fungal pathogens causes a loss of a third of all of the crops grown annually, thereby causing billions of dollars in economic losses on an annual basis (Fisher et al., 2012; Almeida et al., 2019). A common crop contaminant is the fungal genera comprised of many fungal pathogens, Alternaria. The overall objective of the present thesis was to use untargeted LC-MS metabolomics to further our understanding of their pathogenicity. Specifically, a robust profile for 60 strains of uncharacterized Alternaria spp. was generated which, when mined, revealed the presence of several unique secondary metabolites (SMs). Subsequent isolation, purification, and structural elucidation of those SMs revealed them to be the family of curvularins. Mining the genome of the isolates producing those curvularins revealed the biosynthetic gene cluster (BGC) necessary for the production of the curvularins. Generating sequence similarity networks (SSNs) allowed for the investigation of the similarity of the BGC necessary for the synthesis of the curvularins, across several pathogenic fungal spp.
Physical and chemical studies of the exopolysaccharide isolated from Pseudomonas fragi ATCC 4973
Creators: name: Lee Wing, Phillip
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Pseudomonas fragi ATCC 4973, inoculated onto meat surfaces and incubated at 21°C, was examined by electron microscopy. Both scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed an extracellular material (glycocalyx) which appeared to mediate cell-to-cell as well as cell-to-muscle attachment to the meat samples. Transmission electron micrographs of cells grown on solid medium, harvested at the early logarithmic growth phase, revealed bleb-like evaginations or protrusions on the cell surface. Stationary phase cells, however, exhibited no bleb-like evaginations. Fine extracellular material randomly distributed on the cell surface was observed. Transmission electron micrographs of bacterial cells grown in liquid medium, harvested at the early logarithmic growth phase, revealed no blebs or extracellular material. In contrast, stationary phase cells showed only few attached blebs as well as globules adjacent to the cells. The type of substrate (solid vs. liquid) influenced the expression of blebs on the surface of P. fragi cells. An association between the glycocalyx fibres and bleb-like evaginations was also noted. The exocytosic formation of blebs and globules into the immediate environment of the cell appeared to precede the formation of glycocalyx by P. fragi cells. Chemical studies on the isolated glycocalyx of P. fragi indicated a hexosaminoglycan structure. Trif luoroacetic acid and hydrogen fluoride were used in the hydrolysis of the polysaccharide. Quantitative amounts of the individual monosaccharides were obtained from the hydrolysed polysaccharide using preparative paper chromatography. Gas liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry were used in the verification of an N-acetyl amino sugar component. Monomeric units and substituents in the polysaccharide chain were determined by ¹H and ¹³C nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. By methylation analysis, the polysaccharide of P. fragi was shown to consist of a linear repeating trisaccharide unit. The proposed partial hexosaminogly-can structure is: [See Thesis for Diagram]
The spectral dimension of random brushes
Creators: name: Jonsson, Thordur
name: Stefansson, Sigurdur Orn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of random graphs, called random brushes, which are constructed by adding linear graphs of random lengths to the vertices of Z^d viewed as a graph. We prove that for d=2 all random brushes have spectral dimension d_s=2. For d=3 we have {5\over 2}\leq d_s\leq 3 and for d\geq 4 we have 3\leq d_s\leq d.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Towards enhancing Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) education: a case for higher education in Africa.
Creators: name: Fomunyam, Dr. Kehdinga George
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Higher education is learning that occurs at a university, college, polytechnic or institute beyond high school level. It is a phase of learning that is accomplished in colleges, universities, or academies usually after the completion of secondary education (igi-global.com, 2020). There are a wide range of courses grouped under various departments including social sciences, health sciences and humanities. As of today, the African Development Bank estimates that there are 14 million students in higher education in Africa, representing about 6.4% of global tertiary education enrolments but less than 25% of those students are in STEM fields, with the majority of students studying social sciences and humanities (Campos, 2018). Government money is spent on development and security, not research and innovation. According to the World Economic Forum, Africa produces only 1.1% of global scientific knowledge. The continent has just 79 scientists per million of inhabitants compared to countries like Brazil and United States where the ratio stands at 656 and 4,500, respectively. Worst of all, of those scientists and engineers who are trained in Africa, most work elsewhere due to the lack of infrastructure and resources (Kariuki, 2015).
The pion and kaon $\langle x^3 \rangle$ from lattice QCD and PDF reconstruction from Mellin moments
Creators: name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Bacchio, Simone
name: Cloët, Ian
name: Constantinou, Martha
name: Hadjiyiannakou, Kyriakos
name: Koutsou, Giannis
name: Lauer, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a calculation of the pion and kaon Mellin moment $\langle x^3 \rangle$ extracted directly in lattice QCD using a three-derivative local operator. We use one ensemble of gauge configurations with two degenerate light, a strange and a charm quark ($N_f=2+1+1$) of maximally twisted mass fermions with clover improvement. The ensemble reproduces a pion mass $\sim260$ MeV, and a kaon mass $\sim530$ MeV. Excited-states contamination is evaluated using four values of the source-sink time separation within the range of $1.12-1.67$ fm. We use an operator that is free of mixing, and apply a multiplicative renormalization function calculated non-perturbatively. Our results are converted to the $\overline{\rm MS}$ scheme and evolved at a scale of 2 GeV, using three-loop expressions in perturbation theory. The final values are $\langle x^3 \rangle_π^{u^+}=0.024(18)_{\rm stat}(2)_{\rm syst}$, $\langle x^3 \rangle_K^{u^+}=0.035(6)_{\rm stat}(3)_{\rm syst}$, and $\langle x^3 \rangle_K^{s^+}=0.075(5)_{\rm stat}(1)_{\rm syst}$, where the systematic error is the uncertainty due to excited state contamination. We combine $\langle x^3 \rangle$ with the two lower moments to obtain the ratios $\langle x^3 \rangle/\langle x \rangle$ and $\langle x^3 \rangle/\langle x^2 \rangle$, as well as ratios between the pion and kaon moments. In addition, we reconstruct the $x$-dependence of the pion and kaon PDFs via 2- and 3-parameter fits to our results. We find that the reconstruction is feasible and that our lattice data favor a large $x$-dependence that falls as $(1-x)^2$ for both the pion and kaon PDFs. We integrate the reconstructed PDFs to extract the higher moments with $4\leq n\leq 6$. Finally, we compare the pion and kaon PDFs, as well as the ratios of their moments, to address the effect of SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
Andrea Löw u.a. (Hrsg.), Alltag im Holocaust. Jüdisches Leben im Großdeutschen Reich 1941-1945
Creators: name: Friedrich, Klaus-Peter
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2015

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 64 Nr. 2 (2015): „Aufbruch zur Demokratie?“ Aspekte einer Demokratiegeschichte Ostmitteleuropas (1918-1939)
Byzantine-Robust and Privacy-Preserving Framework for FedML
Creators: name: Hashemi, Hanieh
name: Wang, Yongqin
name: Guo, Chuan
name: Annavaram, Murali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning has emerged as a popular paradigm for collaboratively training a model from data distributed among a set of clients. This learning setting presents, among others, two unique challenges: how to protect privacy of the clients' data during training, and how to ensure integrity of the trained model. We propose a two-pronged solution that aims to address both challenges under a single framework. First, we propose to create secure enclaves using a trusted execution environment (TEE) within the server. Each client can then encrypt their gradients and send them to verifiable enclaves. The gradients are decrypted within the enclave without the fear of privacy breaches. However, robustness check computations in a TEE are computationally prohibitive. Hence, in the second step, we perform a novel gradient encoding that enables TEEs to encode the gradients and then offloading Byzantine check computations to accelerators such as GPUs. Our proposed approach provides theoretical bounds on information leakage and offers a significant speed-up over the baseline in empirical evaluation.
title: Christliche Predigt (Tübingen 1602)
Creators: name: Lang, Johannes
Publisher: name: DFG-Projekt "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Johannes Lang
subject: 1602
subject: Memmingen
subject: Memmingen St. Martin, Sartorius-Orgel 1598/1599
subject: Orgelpredigt
subject: Orgeleinweihung
subject: Einweihungspredigt
subject: digitale Edition
subject: frühe Neuzeit
subject: deutschsprachiger Raum
subject: Musiktheorie

description: Digitale Edition der Orgelpredigt von Johannes Lang im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Detailed description of accelerating, simple solutions of relativistic perfect fluid hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Nagy, M. I.
name: Csorgo, T.
name: Csanad, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we describe in full details a new family of recently found exact solutions of relativistic, perfect fluid dynamics. With an ansatz, which generalizes the well-known Hwa-Bjorken solution, we obtain a wide class of new exact, explicit and simple solutions, which have a remarkable advantage as compared to presently known exact and explicit solutions: they do not lack acceleration. They can be utilized for the description of the evolution of the matter created in high energy heavy ion collisions. Because these solutions are accelerating, they provide a more realistic picture than the well-known Hwa-Bjorken solution, and give more insight into the dynamics of the matter. We exploit this by giving an advanced simple estimation of the initial energy density of the produced matter in high energy collisions, which takes acceleration effects (i.e. the work done by the pressure and the modified change of the volume elements) into account. We also give an advanced estimation of the life-time of the reaction. Our new solutions can also be used to test numerical hydrodynamical codes reliably. In the end, we also give an exact, 1+1 dimensional, relativistic hydrodynamical solution, where the initial pressure and velocity profile is arbitrary, and we show that this general solution is stable for perturbations.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, detailed write-up of http://arxiv.org/abs/nucl-th/0605070/
Euastrum dubioides Van Westen et Coesel 2020, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Van Westen, Marien C.
name: Coesel, Peter F. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Charophyta
Conjugatophyceae
Zygnematales
Desmidiaceae
Euastrum
Euastrum dubioides

description: Euastrum dubioides Van Westen et Coesel spec. nov. (Figs 5, 9, 10, 31).
Diagnosis: Cells 1.4 times longer than broad, with a deep median constriction. Sinus linear, closed for the greater part. Semicells in frontal view composed of a rectangular-trapezoid basal part and a much narrower, rectangular apical part. Apices truncate with a rather deep, narrow, median invagination. Apical angles furnished with a blunt granule. Lateral and basal lobes rounded, the lateral ones furnished with a single, the basal ones with two blunt marginal granules. Marginal granules in radial series with a number of intramarginal ones. Semicells with a slight central inflation furnished with some four granules arranged in a square. Semicells in apical view elliptic, with central inflation. Chloroplast with a single, central pyrenoid. Dimensions: cell length 25–29 µm, cell breadth 17.5–21 µm, breadth of apex 10.5–13 µm, cell thickness 12–13 µm, isthmus 5–7 µm.
Type:— THE NETHERLANDS. Drenthe: wet meadow with Juncus effusus in estate Eexterveld near Eext, 53.014058° N, 6.695333° E, between mosses and filamentous algae. Van Westen, 1 April 2011 (holotype L! Hugo de Vries Lab 2019.01, preserved as a fixed natural sample).
Differential diagnosis:—At first glance, the above-described alga reminds of Euastrum dubium Nägeli, especially its var. ornatum Woloszynska. However, where semicells in Eu. dubium are characterized by gradually converging lateral sides with a distinct curve midway (Figs 32, 33), semicells in our alga are partitioned into a more or less rectangular basal part abruptly passing into a much narrower, rectangular apical part. In that feature it also differs from Eu. denticulatum F.Gay which species moreover is characterized by a lower cell length to breadth ratio and less pronounced lateral lobes (Fig 34).
Actually, in rough cell outline our alga could be rather compared with Eu. insulare (Wittrock) Roy. However, Eu. insulare is characterized by a wide, very shallow median apical indentation and is in want of any marked cell wall ornamentation. Therefore we think it justified to describe our alga as a new species.
In the province of Drenthe, Euastrum dubioides is found mainly in wet meadows between mosses and in slightly acidic oligo-mesotrophic shallow pools dug for nature restoration purposes.
description: Published as part of Van Westen, Marien C. & Coesel, Peter F. M., 2020, Taxonomic notes on desmids from the Netherlands III, with a description of five new species, pp. 107-115 in Phytotaxa 443 (1) on pages 107-108, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.443.1.10, http://zenodo.org/record/13878387
German Ritz (Hrsg.), Geschichtsentwurf und literarisches Projekt. Studien zur polnischen Hoch- und Spätromantik
Creators: name: Dziergwa, Roman
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2012

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 61 Nr. 1 (2012)
Tree tensor network classifiers for machine learning: from quantum-inspired to quantum-assisted
Creators: name: Wall, Michael L.
name: D'Aguanno, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a quantum-assisted machine learning (QAML) method in which multivariate data is encoded into quantum states in a Hilbert space whose dimension is exponentially large in the length of the data vector. Learning in this space occurs through applying a low-depth quantum circuit with a tree tensor network (TTN) topology, which acts as an unsupervised feature extractor to identify the most relevant quantum states in a data-driven fashion. This unsupervised feature extractor then feeds a supervised linear classifier and encodes the output in a small-dimensional quantum register. In contrast to previous work on \emph{quantum-inspired} TTN classifiers, in which the embedding map and class decision weights did not map the data to well-defined quantum states, we present an approach that can be implemented on gate-based quantum computing devices. In particular, we identify an embedding map with accuracy similar to exponential machines (Novikov \emph{et al.}, arXiv:1605.03795), but which produces valid quantum states from classical data vectors, and utilize manifold-based gradient optimization schemes to produce isometric operations mapping quantum states to a register of qubits defining a class decision. We detail methods for efficiently obtaining one- and two-point correlation functions of the decision boundary vectors of the quantum model, which can be used for model interpretability, as well as methods for obtaining classifications from partial data vectors. Further, we show that the use of isometric tensors can significantly aid in the human interpretability of the correlation functions extracted from the decision weights, and may produce models that are less susceptible to adversarial perturbations. We demonstrate our methodologies in applications utilizing the MNIST handwritten digit dataset and a multivariate timeseries dataset of human activity recognition.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures. Abstract slightly shortened to fit arXiv requirements
A note on the quantum of time
Creators: name: Isidro, J. M.
name: Gonzalez-Santander, J. L.
name: de Cordoba, P. Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum mechanics rests on the assumption that time is a classical variable. As such, classical time is assumed to be measurable with infinite accuracy. However, all real clocks are subject to quantum fluctuations, which leads to the existence of a nonzero uncertainty in the time variable. The existence of a quantum of time modifies the Heisenberg evolution equation for observables. In this letter we propose and analyse a generalisation of Heisenberg's equation for observables evolving in real time (the time variable measured by real clocks), that takes the existence of a quantum of time into account. This generalisation of Heisenberg's equation turns out to be a delay-differential equation.
description: 4 pages, some refs added
Symmetry, nodal structure, and Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces for nonlocal pairing
Creators: name: Timm, Carsten
name: Bhattacharya, Ankita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiband effects can lead to fundamentally different electronic behavior of solids, as exemplified by the possible emergence of Fermi surfaces of Bogoliubov quasiparticles in centrosymmetric superconductors which break time-reversal symmetry. We extend the analysis of possible pairing symmetries, the corresponding nodal structure, and the Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces in two directions: We include nonlocal pairing and we consider internal degrees of freedom other than the effective angular momentum of length $j=3/2$ examined so far. Since our main focus is on the Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces we concentrate on even-parity pairing. The required symmetry analysis is illustrated for several examples, as a guide for the reader. We find that the inclusion of nonlocal pairing leads to a much larger range of possible pairing symmetries. For infinitesimal pairing strength, we find a simple yet powerful criterion for nodes in terms of a scalar product of form factors.
description: 30+ pages, 1 figure
Embedded Stellar Populations towards Young Massive Star Formation Regions I. G305.2+0.2
Creators: name: Longmore, S. N.
name: Maercker, M.
name: Ramstedt, S.
name: Burton, M. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep, wide-field J, H and Ks images taken with IRIS2 on the Anglo Australian Telescope, towards the massive star formation region G305.2+0.2. Combined with 3.6, 4.5, 5.8 and 8.0 micron data from the GLIMPSE survey on the Spitzer Space Telescope, we investigate the properties of the embedded stellar populations. After removing contamination from foreground stars we separate the sources based on their IR colour. Strong extended emission in the GLIMPSE images hampers investigation of the most embedded sources towards the known sites of massive star formation. However, we find a sizeable population of IR excess sources in the surrounding region free from these completeness effects. Investigation reveals the recent star formation activity in the region is more widespread than previously known. Stellar density plots show the embedded cluster in the region, G305.24+0.204, is offset from the dust emission. We discuss the effect of this cluster on the surrounding area and argue it may have played a role in triggering sites of star formation within the region. Finally, we investigate the distribution of IR excess sources towards the cluster, in particular their apparent lack towards the centre compared with its immediate environs.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures (significantly size reduced), 2 tables, accepted MNRAS
Inventory and analysis of proprietary, small-footprint storm water best management practices
Creators: name: Bartosh, Natalie Anne
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: Urban runoff
Runoff management
Total suspended solids

description: According to the 2000 National Water Quality Inventory Report to Congress, over forty percent of our nation's lakes and rivers still do not meet water quality standards. Urbanization is one of the main causes of poor water quality in America. Increased impervious surface area due to new buildings and roadways means more water discharging when it rains and thus, more pollutants entering the receiving water bodies. One of the main pollutants of concern in storm water discharge is Total Suspended Solids (TSS). Other pollutants such as metals and nutrients may bind to the TSS particles, so a measurement of TSS is a good indicator of other pollutants in the water. Small-footprint storm water best management practices (BMPs) are products installed underground to provide primary treatment of storm water before it enters the receiving water body. Treatment consists of some form of sedimentation vault and a means for containing floatables such as oil and trash. These BMPs come in three main configurations: vertically cylindrical vault, horizontal vault, or filter combination. It was found through analysis of field studies submitted by the BMP companies that one configuration does not provide better removal efficiencies over another one. Removal efficiency is more a function of size than of configuration. The TSS removal efficiencies ranged from 0.75% to 98% for all BMP products analyzed.
Higher order terms in the geometric resonance of open orbits in unidirectional lateral superlattices
Creators: name: Endo, Akira
name: Iye, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The geometric resonance of open orbits in unidirectional lateral superlattices has been examined with high magnetic-field resolution. Magnetoresistance oscillations periodic in 1/B, analogous to the well-known commensurability oscillations but orders of magnitude smaller both in magnitude and in the magnetic-field scale, have been observed superposed on the low-field positive magnetoresistance. The periodicity in 1/B can be interpreted in terms of higher order resonances.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Valdivia compact Abelian groups
Creators: name: Kubiś, Wieslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54D30 (Primary) 54C15, 22C05 (Secondary)

description: Let R denote the smallest class of compact spaces containing all metric compacta and closed under limits of continuous inverse sequences of retractions. Class R is striclty larger than the class of Valdivia compact spaces. We show that every compact connected Abelian group which is a topological retract of a space from class R is necessarily isomorphic to a product of metric groups. This completes the result of V. Uspenskij and the author, where a compact connected Abelian group outside class R has been described.
description: Second version with some corrections; 6 pages
Length control of microtubules by depolymerizing motor proteins
Creators: name: Govindan, Bindu S.
name: Gopalakrishnan, Manoj
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In many intracellular processes, the length distribution of microtubules is controlled by depolymerizing motor proteins. Experiments have shown that, following non-specific binding to the surface of a microtubule, depolymerizers are transported to the microtubule tip(s) by diffusion or directed walk and, then, depolymerize the microtubule from the tip(s) after accumulating there. We develop a quantitative model to study the depolymerizing action of such a generic motor protein, and its possible effects on the length distribution of microtubules. We show that, when the motor protein concentration in solution exceeds a critical value, a steady state is reached where the length distribution is, in general, non-monotonic with a single peak. However, for highly processive motors and large motor densities, this distribution effectively becomes an exponential decay. Our findings suggest that such motor proteins may be selectively used by the cell to ensure precise control of MT lengths. The model is also used to analyze experimental observations of motor-induced depolymerization.
description: Added section with figures and significantly expanded text, current version to appear in Europhys. Lett
An exploratory study of underdevelopment and resource dependency in one northern hinterland community
Creators: name: Laprairie, Carol Pitcher
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Research on communities in Canada has generally-utilized a functional or systems approach. The metropolis-hinterland explanation of dependency is presented here as a way of arguing for the adoption of an alternative conflict or structure approach to the study of resource-dependent communities. Economic dependency largely determines the way in which hinterland citizens behave both collectively and individually. The basic argument put forth in this study is that the dependent status of the northern B.C. community of Terrace significantly determines the realities of power in hinterland communities, including the absence of collective responses to common problems and the patterns of individual accommodation to social conflict. In the resource community, dependency is coupled with transiency, uncertainty about the future and a rapacious economy. The system of stratification is rigid and closed; ethnic differentiation is persistent, employment opportunities for women and youth are limited, and institutions dictate much of community life as citizens are isolated from other alternatives. Terrace is characterized by a high degree of privatization which, combined with restricted social interaction, precludes the development of a strong sense of community and suppresses overt social conflict. This study examines the exercise and maintenance of local power, the effects of dependency, the powerlessness of some groups as measured by their accommodative responses and lack of collective action, and the consequent effects of social disorganization within the community. Documentation of life in Terrace relies upon demographic and survey data, complemented by interviews which elicit the attitudes and beliefs of a cross-section of community residents.
title: Christliche Predigt (Tübingen 1602): Einführung in die Edition
Creators: name: Braun, Lucinde
Publisher: name: DFG-Projekt "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Johannes Lang
subject: 1602
subject: Memmingen
subject: Memmingen St. Martin, Sartorius-Orgel 1598/1599
subject: Orgelpredigt
subject: Orgeleinweihung
subject: digitale Edition
subject: frühe Neuzeit
subject: deutschsprachiger Raum
subject: Musiktheorie
subject: Quellenbeschreibung
subject: Archive
subject: protestantische Kirchenmusik
subject: Musikgeschichte
subject: Kultur- und Sozialgeschichte
subject: Konfessionalisierung

description: Einführungstext zu der digitalen Edition der Orgelpredigt von Johannes Lang im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Optical Counterparts of ULXs in Two Dwarf Galaxies: NGC 4861 and NGC 4449
Creators: name: Ela, M. Ozdogan
name: Akyuz, A.
name: Aksaker, N.
name: Avdan, S.
name: Oralhan, İ. Akkaya
name: Vinokurov, A.
name: Allak, S.
name: Solovyeva, Y.
name: Atapin, K.
name: Bizyaev, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a search for optical candidates of Ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs) in two dwarf galaxies: NGC 4861 and NGC 4449 using Hubble Space Telescope {\it HST} archival data. With a precise astrometry, we confirm that NGC 4861 X1 associated with an HII complex as reported by \cite{2014MNRAS.441.1841T} and we conclude that NGC 4861 X2 resides in a young star group with 400$\pm$80 M$\odot$. We also find that NGC 4449 X7 is associated with three optical candidates within an error radius of 0$\farcs$2 at the 90$\%$ confidence level. Absolute magnitudes (M$_{v}$) of these candidates are determined as $-$5.0 and $-$4.1. The age and mass values for the three candidates by using stellar evolutionary tracks are estimated as 40-50 Myr and $\sim$8 M$\odot$, respectively. The locations of optical candidates suggest possible association with a nearby group of stars. In addition, we analyzed the previously unused archival data of {\it XMM-Newton}, {\it Chandra} and {\it Swift} where the sources detected. Although the X-ray spectral data do not allow us to discriminate between physical models, long-term data at hand are consistent with the sources being in luminous hard states.
description: 14 pages, 8 tables, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Probing the thermal atoms of a Bose gas through Raman transition
Creators: name: Navez, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the many body physics of a Bose condensed atom gas at finite temperature through the Raman transition between two hyperfine levels. Unlike the Bragg scattering where the phonon-like nature of the collective excitations has been observed, a different branch of thermal atom excitation is found theoretically in the Raman scattering. This excitation is predicted in the generalized random phase approximation (GRPA) and has a gapped and parabolic dispersion relation. The gap energy results from the exchange interaction and is released during the Raman transition. The scattering rate is determined versus the transition frequency $ω$ and the transferred momentum $\vc{q}$ and shows the corresponding resonance around this gap. Nevertheless, the Raman scattering process is attenuated by the superfluid part of the gas. The macroscopic wave function of the condensate deforms its shape in order to screen locally the external potential displayed by the Raman light beams. This screening is total for a condensed atom transition in order to prevent the condensate from incoherent scattering. The experimental observation of this result would explain some of the reasons why a superfluid condensate moves coherently without any friction with its surrounding.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, Topical Issue on Novel Quantum Phases and Mesoscopic Physics in Quantum Gases
title: Christliche Predigt (Tübingen 1602): Exemplare
Creators: name: Braun, Lucinde
Publisher: name: DFG-Projekt "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Johannes Lang
subject: 1602
subject: Memmingen
subject: Memmingen St. Martin, Sartorius-Orgel 1598/1599
subject: Orgelpredigt
subject: Orgeleinweihung
subject: digitale Edition
subject: frühe Neuzeit
subject: deutschsprachiger Raum
subject: Kasualdrucke
subject: alte Drucke
subject: Mediengeschichte
subject: Bibliotheken
subject: Provenienzforschung

description: Exemplarbeschreibung zu der digitalen Edition der Orgelpredigt von Johannes Lang im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
John T. Hamilton, Philology of the Flesh
Creators: name: Confalonieri, Corrado
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Cagliari
Year: 2019

description: «Questo libro è nato da un corso universitario di “Teoria della letteratura”: ho cercato di non cancellarne le tracce e di conservarne il passo» (M. Lavagetto, La cicatrice di Montaigne. Sulla bugia in letteratura, Torino, Einaudi, 1992, p. IX). Non inizia così l’ultimo libro di John Hamilton, eppure potrebbe: non tanto perché Philology of the Flesh sia effettivamente nato da un corso – anzi, nella sezione dei ringraziamenti l’autore indica l’avvio del progetto nelle riflessioni proposte a un convegno sul libro in epoca digitale tenutosi a Utrecht nel 2012 (parte dell’intervento è ancora visibile qui) –, quanto piuttosto per il fatto che, pur senza ricalcare il ‘syllabus’ del ‘graduate seminar’ in cui è stato messo alla prova poco prima di arrivare alla stampa (“Hermeneutics and the Philology of the Flesh”, proposto a Harvard nella primavera del 2016), il volume ha il ‘passo’, appunto, di quel corso, e cioè di un seminario per dottorandi insegnato in una università americana.
description: Between, Vol 9, No 17 (2019): Imagining the Impossible: Crossings of Creativity Between Literature and Science
Helmut Wilhelm Schaller, Die „Reichsuniversität Posen“ 1941-1945. Vorgeschichte, nationalsozialistische Gründung, Widerstand und polnischer Neubeginn
Creators: name: Lehr, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 2013

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 62 Nr. 4 (2013)
Two Component Baryonic-Dark Matter Structure Formation in Top-Hat Model
Creators: name: Malekjani, M.
name: Rahvar, S.
name: Jassur, D. M. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we extend simple top-hat model of structure formation to the two-component system made of baryonic and dark matter. We use Harrison-Zeldovich spectrum as the initial condition for the structures and calculate their evolution up to the present time. While we do not take into account some complications during the structure formation, such as the merging of galaxies, however this formalism can give us a qualitative picture from the formation of structures. We show that in this model small scale structures evolve faster than the larger ones and it predicts a down-top scenario for the structure formation. The trend of power spectrum in this model is compatible with the observations and results in $σ_8 \sim 0.8$. This formalism provides an analytic treatment of structure growth and can easily show the effect of the cosmological parameters on the formation of the structures. As an example, the effect of a parameterized dark energy model on the growth of the structures is investigated.
description: 21 pages, 11 pages, New Astronomy accepted
title: Musica instrumentalis (Meißen 1605)
Creators: name: Polantus, Nicolaus
Publisher: name: DFG-Projekt "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nicolaus Polantus
subject: 1605
subject: Meißen
subject: Meißener Dom, Frietzsch-Orgel 1603/1604
subject: Orgelpredigt
subject: Orgeleinweihung
subject: Einweihungspredigt
subject: digitale Edition
subject: frühe Neuzeit
subject: deutschsprachiger Raum
subject: Musiktheorie

description: Digitale Edition der Orgelpredigt von Nicolaus Polantus im Rahmen des DFG-Projekts "Deutsche Orgelpredigtdrucke zwischen 1600 und 1800 – Katalogisierung, Texterfassung, Auswertung"