cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stress restoration in virtual reality : comparing the effects of equine, nature, and urban conditions
Creators: name: Deconinck, Eloise
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: Stress restorative interventions often aim to improve wellbeing, reduce heart rate (HR) and increase heart rate variability (HRV). Since individuals with stress and anxiety disorders tend to experience chronic stress reactions, stress restorative interventions may be clinically relevant. Equine (horse) exposure has been observed to reduce stress/anxiety symptoms, but no study has analysed stress restoration during equine exposure in Virtual Reality (VR). Since nature-exposure has well-known stress restorative effects, relative to urban-exposure, the present study compared VR equine, nature, and urban conditions on stress restoration. Thirty?two participants (17 male), aged 18-32, with relatively low fear and experience with horses competed a stress test, prior to each VR condition in a counterbalanced order. HR and HRV were measured, alongside state anxiety, and the Global Vigor and Affect Scale, whereby vigour measured fatigue/alertness, and affect measured calmness/happiness. From pre to post-test, there was significantly reduced vigour (alertness) for the nature condition, and significantly increased affect (calmness) for the equine condition, while state anxiety reduced for both conditions, relative to the urban condition. This partially supported all hypotheses, with some evidence that equine exposure had an additive effect relative to nature exposure. HR was lowest overall in the equine condition but did not differ over time. There were non-significant differs of HRV between conditions, and over time which may be due to limitations of the recording device. Future research should continue investigating the physiological effects of equine exposure on stress restoration, which has implications for stress and anxiety disorders.
The secular growth of bars revealed by flat (peak + shoulders) density profiles
Creators: name: Anderson, Stuart Robert
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Erwin, Peter
name: Liddicott, David J.
name: Deg, Nathan
name: Silva, Leandro Beraldo e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The major-axis density profiles of bars are known to be either exponential or 'flat'. We develop an automated non-parametric algorithm to detect flat profiles and apply it to a suite of simulations (with and without gas). We demonstrate that flat profiles are a manifestation of a bar's secular growth, producing a 'shoulder' region (an overdensity above an exponential) in its outskirts. Shoulders are not present when bars form, but develop as the bar grows. If the bar does not grow, shoulders do not form. Shoulders are often accompanied by box/peanut bulges, but develop separately from them and are independent tracers of a bar's growth. They can be observed at a wide range of viewing orientations with only their slope varying significantly with inclination. We present evidence that shoulders are produced by looped x1 orbits. Since the growth rate of the bar moderately correlates with the growth rate of the shoulder strength, these orbits are probably recently trapped. Shoulders therefore are evidence of bar growth. The properties of the shoulders do not, however, establish the age of a bar, because secondary buckling or strong spirals may destroy shoulders, and also because shoulders do not form if the bar does not grow much. In particular, our results show that an exponential profile is not necessarily an indication of a young bar.
description: 20 pages, 23 figures, 2 tables. Published in MNRAS
Integrated Ideal-Bandgap Perovskite/Bulk-Heterojunction Solar Cells with Efficiencies > 24%
Creators: name: Tian Y
name: Yu J
name: Wang D
name: Guo X
name: Xu B
name: Li Y
name: Huang J
name: Zhou X
name: Liu C
name: Peng Y
name: Chen S
name: Li Y
name: Zhang M
name: Zhang L
name: Wang X
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2022

description: Here, the authors report a highly efficient integrated ideal-bandgap perovskite/bulk-heterojunction solar cell (IPBSC) with an inverted architecture, featuring a near infrared (NIR) polymer DTBTI-based bulk-heterojunction (BHJ) layer atop guanidinium bromide (GABr)-modified FA0.7MA0.3Pb0.7Sn0.3I3 perovskite film as the photoactive layer. The IPBSC shows cascade-like energy level alignment between the charge-extractionlayer/perovskite/BHJ and efficient passivation effect of BHJ on perovskite. Thanks to the well-matched energy level alignment and high-quality ideal bandgap-based perovskite film, an efficient charge transfer occurs between the charge-extraction-layer/perovskite/BHJ. Moreover, the NIR polymer DTBTI on the perovskite film leads to an improved NIR light response for the IPBSC. In addition, the O, S and N atoms in the DTBTI polymer yield a strong interaction with perovskite, which is conducive to reducing the defects of the perovskite and suppressing charge recombination. As a result, the solar cell achieves a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 24.27% (certificated value at 23.4% with 0.283-volt voltage loss), currently the recorded efficiency for both IPBSCs and Pb-Sn alloyed PSCs, and which is over the highest efficiency of perovskite–organic tandem solar cell. Moreover, the thermal, humidity and long-term operational stabilities of the IPBSCs are also significantly improved compared with the control PSCs.
Materi Workshop Literasi Jurnal
Creators: name: Rahmat, Aulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: RJI Daerah Maluku Utara ditunjuk oleh Pengurus Pusat RJI untuk menyelenggarakan kegiatan Workshop Literasi Jurnal dengan mengangkat tema Copyright and License Agreement. Materi ini disampaikan oleh Fasilitator RJI, Dr. Aulia Rahmat, S.H.I., M.A.Hk yang juga salah satu akademisi dari Universitas Islam Negeri Imam Bonjol Padang. Tema copyright and license agreement menjadi penting dalam pengelolaan jurnal agar tidak terjadi permasalahan dalam klaim mengklaim atau tuntutan atas pencaplokan karya tulis ilmiah seseorang yang telah dipublikasi.
Supplementary document for Twisted light interferometer for high precision refractive index measurements - 5884103.pdf
Creators: name: Kerschbaumer, Nicola
name: Fochler, Lucas
name: Reichenspurner, Michael
name: Rieger, Sebastian
name: Fedoruk, Michael
name: Feldmann, Jochen
name: Lohmüller, Theobald
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
Integrated Metabolic Profiling and Transcriptional Analysis Reveals Therapeutic Modalities for Targeting Rapidly Proliferating Breast Cancers
Creators: name: Liao, C
name: Glodowski, C.R
name: McBrayer, S.K
name: Kaushik, A
name: Locasale, J.W
name: Vu, H
name: Perou, C.M
name: Fan, C
name: Liu, J
name: DeBerardinis, R.J
name: Mott, K.R
name: Zhang, Q
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2022

description: Metabolic dysregulation is a prominent feature in breast cancer, but it remains poorly characterized in patient tumors. In this study, untargeted metabolomics analysis of triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and patient with estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer samples, as well as TNBC patient-derived xenografts (PDX), revealed two major metabolic groups independent of breast cancer histologic subtypes: a "Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched" group and a "Lipid/Fatty Acid-Enriched" group. Cell lines grown in vivo more faithfully recapitulated the metabolic profiles of patient tumors compared with those grown in vitro. Integrated metabolic and gene expression analyses identified genes that strongly correlate with metabolic dysregulation and predict patient prognosis. As a proof of principle, targeting Nucleotide/Carbohydrate-Enriched TNBC cell lines or PDX xenografts with a pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor or a glutaminase inhibitor led to therapeutic efficacy. In multiple in vivo models of TNBC, treatment with the pyrimidine biosynthesis inhibitor conferred better therapeutic outcomes than chemotherapeutic agents. This study provides a metabolic stratification of breast tumor samples that can guide the selection of effective therapeutic strategies targeting breast cancer subsets. In addition, we have developed a public, interactive data visualization portal (http://brcametab.org) based on the data generated from this study to facilitate future research. Significance: A multiomics strategy that integrates metabolic and gene expression profiling in patient tumor samples and animal models identifies effective pharmacologic approaches to target rapidly proliferating breast tumor subtypes.
CHARACTERISTICS OF THE CLINICAL COURSE OF CHRONIC CHOLECYSTITIS BASED ON COMORBIDITY IN THE GERONT-SUPERGERONT POPULATION OF THE OASIS, DIRECTIONS FOR PREVENTION
Creators: name: Botirov, J.A.
name: Madazimov, M.M.
name: Mamasoliev, N.S.
name: Nishonova, N.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Scientific observations devoted to solving cholecystitis and its therapeutic and surgical problems were carried out in the population of different ages [1; 2; 3; 4].
Characterization of portuguese sown rainfed grasslands using remote sensing and machine learning
Creators: name: Pacheco Marques, Pedro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Soil management
functionality
Agroforestry
Remote Sensing data

description: Sown biodiverse pastures (SBP) enhance grassland productivity and reduce fertilizer use in Portugal. Researchers used Sentinel-2 remote sensing to assess aboveground biomass; legume fraction; and nitrogen and phosphorus content across six farms in 2018 and 2019; employing various machine learning models for analysis.
The use of axial flux machine in high
reliability mechatronic actuators
Creators: name: Di Noia, Luigi Pio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: In these thesis is presented the use of axial flux machine for high reliability applications, in
particular for the application in linear actuators systems bases on ball screw.
The thesis is divided as:
-Chapter 1: Introduction to axial flux permanent magnet machines
- Chapter 2: Introduction to the high reliability configuration using the axial flux machine
and making of a design procedure of axial flux permanent magnet machines
- Chapter 3: Introduction to the linear actuators
- Chapter 4: Design/FEM analysis of axial flux machines and 3D printer prototyping
- Chapter 5: Model of single layer, teeth concentred windings
- Chapter 6: Control algorithm of a particular configuration using the double rotor axial flux
permanent magnet machines.
Photoactive metallocages as molecular flasks for confined photocatalysis
Creators: name: Comerford, Thomas
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: Photocatalysis
Organometallic
Optoelectronic
Supramolecular

description: The design, synthesis, and characterisation of novel organic pyridine based ligands and their use in the self-assembly of palladium(II) metal-organic cages (metallocages).
Supplementary document for Twisted light interferometer for high precision refractive index measurements - 5884103.pdf
Creators: name: Kerschbaumer, Nicola
name: Fochler, Lucas
name: Reichenspurner, Michael
name: Rieger, Sebastian
name: Fedoruk, Michael
name: Feldmann, Jochen
name: Lohmüller, Theobald
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Document
title: Oceanography Branch CTD Data Report CTD_REPORT_2024012SG
title: CTD_REPORT_2024012SG, Oceanography Branch CTD Data Report
Creators: name: Holzwarth-Davis, Tamara Joan
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Northeast Fisheries Science Center
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02nc0ck44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: This report presents a summary of surface and bottom temperature and salinity data collected during the Northeast Fisheries Science Center’s SG2412 Passive Acoustic Mooring cruise aboard the chartered vessel F/V Saints & Angels.
title: Evaluation of the efficiency of small-scale and low-cost hydroponic systems designed for household indoor vegetable production
Creators: name: Adelowokan, Abiodun
Publisher: name: Memorial University of Newfoundland
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04haebc03
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Vegetables are described as premium food because they provide a balanced diet with essential nutrients needed for a healthy life. Hydroponics farming has been identified as a sustainable method for augmenting vegetable production to fulfill global food requirements; however, it is necessary to understand how indoor gardeners can utilize this technique to enhance their vegetable supply, thereby enhancing consumption and general well-being. This indoor study was conducted in an ambient environment to mimic a typical household. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial arrangement with three replications repeated twice. Experimental models were combination of 1) three hydroponic systems: i. Christmas tree (CT) vertical small-scale hydroponic systems; ii. Green DNA (GD) vertical hydroponic system, and iii. The deep-water culture (DW) (control) and 2) Light sources: i. Light emitting diodes (LED), and ii. Fluorescent light (FL). The lettuce crop was grown as a test crop in these hydroponic systems and lights. The results showed that the DW and GD systems produced higher lettuce yield and performed better than CT. The DW system exhibited higher lettuce yield, root dry weight, root-shoot ratio, and photosynthesis rate but was least accepted among the end users in sensory analysis attributes. Generally, LED enhanced yield, antioxidant activity, vitamin and mineral concentration compared to the FL. Therefore, the GD hydroponic system with LED lights demonstrated superior agronomic performance and sensory analysis attributes. Further research is needed to determine if inter/intra lighting of the vertical systems can enhance light penetration to the lower levels for optimal yield.
Scented widgets for Multi Input-Output Problems
Creators: name: Petry, Frank
name: Ghoniem, Mohammad
name: Ciorna, Vasile
name: Melancon, Guy
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Automotive Engineering
subject: Statistics and Probability
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Other Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Technology and Innovation
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics
subject: Engineering
subject: multi-objective
subject: optimization
subject: scented widgets
subject: sliders
subject: user interface
subject: visualization
subject: widgets

description: This registration, saves, prior to running our experiment on a crowdsourcing platform, the hypotheses we have when comparing line charts to colorfields as scents (miniature visualizations attached to user interface widgets) in a multi-input/multi-output context.
Comparative evaluation of community-aware centrality measures
Creators: name: Rajeh, Stephany
name: Savonnet, Marinette
name: Leclercq, Eric
name: Cherifi, Hocine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Influential nodes play a critical role in boosting or curbing spreading phenomena in complex networks. Numerous centrality measures have been proposed for identifying and ranking the nodes according to their importance. Classical centrality measures rely on various local or global properties of the nodes. They do not take into account the network community structure. Recently, a growing number of researches have shifted to community-aware centrality measures. Indeed, it is a ubiquitous feature in a vast majority of real-world networks. In the literature, the focus is on designing community-aware centrality measures. However, up to now, there is no systematic evaluation of their effectiveness. This study fills this gap. It allows answering which community-aware centrality measure should be used in practical situations. We investigate seven influential community-aware centrality measures in an epidemic spreading process scenario using the Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model on a set of fifteen real-world networks. Results show that generally, the correlation between community-aware centrality measures is low. Furthermore, in a multiple-spreader problem, when resources are available, targeting distant hubs using Modularity Vitality is more effective. However, with limited resources, diffusion expands better through bridges, especially in networks with a medium or strong community structure.
description: This version of the article has been accepted for publication, after peer review but is not the Version of Record and does not reflect post-acceptance improvements, or any corrections. The Final Version of Record is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-022-01416-7
Pre-processing satellite rainfall products improves hydrological simulations with machine learning
Creators: name: Boulmaiz, Tayeb
name: Hafsi, Radia
name: Guermoui, Mawloud
name: Boutaghane, Hamouda
name: Abida, Habib
name: Saber, Mohamed
name: Kantoush, Sameh A.
name: Ferkous, Khaled
name: Tramblay, Yves
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A new pre-processing methodology for gridded Satellite Precipitation Products (SPPs) is developed to improve the performance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms for runoff prediction. The developed approach was applied to capture the rainfall patterns, and to select relevant input data. This approach was tested using the FeedForward Neural Network (FFNN) and the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) given their flexibility and ability in hydrological modelling. The methodology was tested in a semiarid transboundary watershed located in North Africa (Algeria, Tunisia) with the Integrated MultisatellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPMIMERG) and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) products. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach using all employed SPPs. In terms of Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency, the suggested pre-processing technique improved the prediction ability of FFNN by 13%, and of ELM by 15%, which highlights how pre-processing techniques significantly enhance ML models with SPP data.
Parity-breaking in single-element phases: Ferroelectric-like elemental polar metals
Creators: name: Zhang, Hu
name: Deng, Bei
name: Wang, Wei-Chao
name: Shi, Xing-Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polar metals based on binary and ternary compounds have been demonstrated in literature. Here, we propose a design principle for ferroelectric-like elemental polar metals and relate it to real materials. The design principle is that, to be an elemental polar metal, atoms should occupy at least two inequivalent Wyckoff positions in a crystal with a polar space group, where inversion symmetry is spontaneously broken. According to this rule, we propose the first class of potential ferroelectric-like elemental polar metals in a distorted α-La-like structure with a polar space group P63mc in which two inequivalent Wyckoff positions 2a (0, 0, z) and 2b (1/3, 2/3, z) are occupied by group-V elements (phosphorus, arsenic, antimony, and bismuth). Analyses based on first-principles calculations indicate that the dynamically stable polar phase results from a lone pair driven polar distortion of the nonploar phase in P63/mmc symmetry where two inequivalent Wyckoff positions 2a (0, 0, 0) and 2c (1/3, 2/3, 1/4) are occupied. This ferroelectric-like transition involves a transition from a metallic state to a semimetallic state. These predicted polar phases are metastable with respect to their corresponding ground phases. Moreover, ionic bonding characters are found due to the inequivalence in Wyckoff positions between group-V atoms. Our work opens a route to single-element parity-breaking phases.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Integrated Multimodal Analyses of DNA Damage Response and Immune Markers as Predictors of Response in Metastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer in the TNT Trial (NCT00532727)
Creators: name: Kilburn, L
name: Perou, C.M
name: Salgado, R
name: Hoadley, K.A
name: Haider, S
name: Parker, J.S
name: Grigoriadis, A
name: Gazinska, P
name: Tovey, H
name: Pinder, S.E
name: Loi, S
name: Sipos, O
name: Cheang, M.C.U
name: Kennedy, R.D
name: Quist, J
name: Roxanis, I
name: Tutt, A
name: Kernaghan, S
name: Bliss, J
Publisher: name: American Association for Cancer Research Inc.
Year: 2023

description: Purpose: The TNT trial (NCT00532727) showed no evidence of carboplatin superiority over docetaxel in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer (mTNBC), but carboplatin benefit was observed in the germline BRCA1/2 mutation subgroup. Broader response-predictive biomarkers are needed. We explored the predictive ability of DNA damage response (DDR) and immune markers. Experimental Design: Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes were evaluated for 222 of 376 patients. Primary tumors (PT) from 186 TNT participants (13 matched recurrences) were profiled using total RNA sequencing. Four transcriptional DDR-related and 25 immune-related signatures were evaluated. We assessed their association with objective response rate (ORR) and progression-free survival (PFS). Conditional inference forest clustering was applied to integrate multimodal data. The biology of subgroups was characterized by 693 gene expression modules and other markers. Results: Transcriptional DDR-related biomarkers were not predictive of ORR to either treatment overall. Changes from PT to recurrence were demonstrated; in chemotherapy-naïve patients, transcriptional DDR markers separated carboplatin responders from nonresponders (P values = 0.017; 0.046). High immune infiltration was associated with docetaxel ORR (interaction P values < 0.05). Six subgroups were identified; the immune-enriched cluster had preferential docetaxel response [62.5% (D) vs. 29.4% (C); P = 0.016]. The immune-depleted cluster had preferential carboplatin response [8.0% (D) vs. 40.0% (C); P = 0.011]. DDR-related subgroups were too small to assess ORR. Conclusions: High immune features predict docetaxel response, and high DDR signature scores predict carboplatin response in treatment-naïve mTNBC. Integrating multimodal DDR and immune-related markers identifies subgroups with differential treatment sensitivity. Treatment options for patients with immune-low and DDR-proficient tumors remains an outstanding need. Caution is needed using PT-derived transcriptional signatures to direct treatment in mTNBC, particularly DDR-related markers following prior chemotherapy.
Spatial variability of rainfall: deciphering flood characteristics and model precision
Creators: name: Dasari, Indhu
name: Vema, Vamsi Krishna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This study investigates the intricate role of spatial variability in rainfall (SVR) concerning flood characteristics and its impact on refining flood prediction models. A spatial variability index was used to classify rainfall events into two categories: spatially homogeneous (Class A) and heterogeneous (Class B). The analysis of historical flood events suggests that the SVR influences flood peaks. This research introduces a novel approach to assess SVR’s role in calibrating hydrological models, subsequently improving model selection. By separately calibrating Class A and B events within both lumped and distributed models, the models yield superior results compared to the conventional approach. For the catchments considered, the lumped models demonstrated heightened performance for Class A events, while the distributed models outperformed in Class B events. This study underscores not only the influence of SVR on flood dynamics but also the efficacy of event-based classification in refining hydrological models for superior flood prediction accuracy.
Experimental study of hydrodynamics of groundwater flow in karst aquifers
Creators: name: Hassan, Amin
name: Hedia, Ahmed M.
name: Bekhit, Hesham M.
name: Hassan, Ahmed E.
name: Abd-Elmegeed, Mohamed A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: A large-scale laboratory model is constructed to simulate a karst aquifer. Three groups of experiments are conducted to study the matrix-conduit exchange and how head difference, conduit size, and matrix/conduit gradients affect it. The findings can be summarized as follows; (1) In experiments with higher matrix head, a counterintuitive head inversion, where conduit head becomes higher than matrix head, occurs when the matrix-conduit head difference is small (less than 9.3 cm and 11.5 cm for the 1-inch and 2-inch conduits, respectively); (2) Flow exchange is positively related to rescaled head difference (RSHD), a parameter combining the effect of matrix and conduit gradients and the matrix-conduit head difference; (3) When the conduit has the higher head, the flow exchange is on average 2.8 times higher than when the matrix has the higher head; (4) Doubling the conduit size doubled the flow exchange and increased the length of the head inversion.
Laboratory observations for examining estimates of soil dry surface layer thickness with parsimonious models
Creators: name: Mathers, Cara
name: Robarge, Wayne
name: Walker, John
name: Sayde, Chadi
name: Heitman, Joshua
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Soil dry surface layer (DSL) thickness is often considered a key parameter for land surface resistance to gas exchange. Commonly used, simple models for DSL thickness are typically empirical in nature and based on limited observational evidence. Laboratory experiments were performed to test soil condition and boundary effects on DSL formation. DSL thickness was analyzed in soil columns with varying texture, initial water content, and potential evaporation rate. DSLs formed to greater depth in fine-textured compared to coarse-textured soils, when beginning from similar initial water content. Based on experiments, we compared a simple but physically-based mass balance DSL model to an empirical DSL model from the literature. The mass balance model performed better than the empirical relative-wetness-based model, and is similar in structure to the current DSL parameterization in the Community Land Model. Results suggest soil resistance parameterizations can be improved by employing simple, but texture-dependent, physically-based DSL formulations.
PrefixRL: Optimization of Parallel Prefix Circuits using Deep Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Roy, Rajarshi
name: Raiman, Jonathan
name: Kant, Neel
name: Elkin, Ilyas
name: Kirby, Robert
name: Siu, Michael
name: Oberman, Stuart
name: Godil, Saad
name: Catanzaro, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we present a reinforcement learning (RL) based approach to designing parallel prefix circuits such as adders or priority encoders that are fundamental to high-performance digital design. Unlike prior methods, our approach designs solutions tabula rasa purely through learning with synthesis in the loop. We design a grid-based state-action representation and an RL environment for constructing legal prefix circuits. Deep Convolutional RL agents trained on this environment produce prefix adder circuits that Pareto-dominate existing baselines with up to 16.0% and 30.2% lower area for the same delay in the 32b and 64b settings respectively. We observe that agents trained with open-source synthesis tools and cell library can design adder circuits that achieve lower area and delay than commercial tool adders in an industrial cell library.
description: Copyright 2021 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
Rheumatology research report. Volume 12, issue 2 (Spring/Summer 2016)
Creators: name: Knowles, Sophia
name: Cabral, David A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: This issue of the Rheumatology Research Report introduces a few new studies in our Division related to uveitis and juvenile idiopathic arthritis. We also announce our new Autoinflammatory Disease Clinic at BC Children's Hospital and report on a recent study looking at the emotional experiences of parents of children with arthritis.
MPEC 2024-V97 : COMET C/2024 T5 (ATLAS)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: COMET C/2024 T5 (ATLAS)

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Spatio-temporal clustering of extreme floods in Great Britain
Creators: name: Formetta, Giuseppe
name: Svensson, Cecilia
name: Stewart, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Quantifying the tendency of flood events to demonstrate clustering in time and space is crucial for flood risk assessments. We analyse the temporal (TC) and spatial (SC) coherence of floods in 554 catchments over Great Britain. TC was assessed using the dispersion-index and Conway-Maxwell-Poisson regression, with both methods applied to aggregation windows of 1–5 years. SC was investigated using the flood susceptibility index. Results show that i) most of the UK peak floods are overdispersed and ii) a positive relationship exists between winter mean North Atlantic Oscillation anomalies and the annual number of peak floods across western Britain. The susceptibility to widespread floods is higher for the southeast parts of Britain and for the Clyde-Forth valleys, and it increases with catchment permeability and with the influence of lakes/reservoirs. These findings are relevant to enhance existing flood hazard estimation methods and, in turn, will lead to more realistic flood risk quantification.
Dosimetric commissioning and quality assurance of scanned ion beams at the Italian National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy
Creators: name: Mirandola, Alfredo
name: Molinelli, S.
name: Freixas, G. Vilches
name: Donetti, M.
name: Mairani, A.
name: Gallio, E.
name: Panizza, D.
name: Russo, S.
name: Magro, G.
name: Giordanengo, S.
name: Ciocca, M.
name: Orecchia, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: To describe the dosimetric commissioning and quality assurance (QA) of the actively scanned proton and carbon ion beams at the Italian National Center for Oncological Hadrontherapy. Methods: The laterally integrated depth-dose-distributions (IDDs) were acquired with the PTW Peakfinder, a variable depth water column, equipped with two Bragg peak ionization chambers. FLUKA MC code was used to generate the energy libraries, the IDDs in water, and the fragment spectra for carbon beams. EBT3 films were used for spot size measurements, beam position over the scan field, and homogeneity in 2D-fields. Beam monitor calibration was performed in terms of number of particles per MU using both a Farmer-type and an Advanced Markus ionization chamber. The beam position at the isocenter, beam monitor calibration curve, dose constancy in the center of the spread-out-Bragg-peak, dose homogeneity in 2D-fields, beam energy, spot size, and spot position over the scan field are all checked on a daily basis for both protons and carbon ions and on all beam lines. Results: The simulated IDDs showed an excellent agreement with the measured experimental curves. The measured FWHM of the pencil beam in air at the isocenter was from 0.7 to 2.2 cm for protons. For carbon ions, two sets of spot size are available: from 0.4 to 0.8 cm (for the smaller) and from 0.8 to 1.1 cm (for the larger one). The spot position was within +/-1 mm over the whole 20x20 cm2 scan field; homogeneity in a uniform squared field was within +/-5% for both particle types at any energy. QA results exceeding tolerance levels were rarely found. In the reporting period, the machine downtime was around 6%, of which 4.5% was due to planned maintenance shutdowns. Conclusions: After successful dosimetric beam commissioning, quality assurance measurements performed during a 24-month period show very stable beam characteristics.
Integration of clinical features and deep learning on pathology for the prediction of breast cancer recurrence assays and risk of recurrence
Creators: name: Pearson, A.T
name: Huo, D
name: Olopade, O.I
name: Perou, C.M
name: Nanda, R
name: Chen, N
name: Srisuwananukorn, A
name: Vickery, J
name: Khramtsova, G
name: Woodard, A
name: Kochanny, S
name: Dolezal, J
name: Howard, F.M
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2023

description: Gene expression-based recurrence assays are strongly recommended to guide the use of chemotherapy in hormone receptor-positive, HER2-negative breast cancer, but such testing is expensive, can contribute to delays in care, and may not be available in low-resource settings. Here, we describe the training and independent validation of a deep learning model that predicts recurrence assay result and risk of recurrence using both digital histology and clinical risk factors. We demonstrate that this approach outperforms an established clinical nomogram (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.83 versus 0.76 in an external validation cohort, p = 0.0005) and can identify a subset of patients with excellent prognoses who may not need further genomic testing.
Supplementary document for Spectral analysis on acceptor concentration-dependent fluorescence resonance energy transfer process in CuInS₂@ZnS-SQ complexes - 5884220.pdf
Creators: name: Zhang, Boyu
name: Wang, Lei
name: Yang, Gaoyuan
name: Li, Wangnan
name: Wang, Jingyang
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liang, Guijie
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
CHARACTERISTICS OF ELECTRONIC DATA STORAGE DEVICES
Creators: name: Uralov, Sarvarjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Electronic data storage devices serve to store, transmit, and process information. The article examines their main characteristics: storage capacity, speed, reliability, portability, and adaptability. It also analyzes types such as flash memory, hard drives, optical disks, and cloud storage, and their role in modern technologies. The article emphasizes effective use and advantages.
Extending the historical in situ gauge network over Indian river reaches utilizing the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission
Creators: name: Soman, Manu K.
name: Indu, J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: We present a preliminary study on using the Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission to extend water surface elevation (WSE) measurements from a sparsely distributed in situ gauge network along a one-dimensional (1D) study reach within the Mahanadi River basin in India. We use the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES) simulator to simulate 3 years of synthetic measurements of SWOT WSE, which are assimilated into a 1D stochastic model based on six independent configurations. For each configuration, the model is derived using historical measurements of in situ WSE to simulate daily WSE estimates every 200 m along the study reach. Assimilated outputs showed high Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency (0.697–0.811), high correlation (0.838–0.901) and low root mean square error (0.242–0.513 m) with respect to in situ validation data. Results indicate consistent performance of the SWOT-assimilated model framework and are relevant considering the declining availability of in situ monitoring stations.
Preprocessing satellite rainfall products improves hydrological simulations with machine learning
Creators: name: Boulmaiz, Tayeb
name: Hafsi, Radia
name: Guermoui, Mawloud
name: Boutaghane, Hamouda
name: Abida, Habib
name: Saber, Mohamed
name: Kantoush, Sameh A.
name: Ferkous, Khaled
name: Tramblay, Yves
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A new preprocessing methodology for gridded satellite precipitation products (SPP) is developed to improve the performance of Machine Learning (ML) algorithms using this type of input data for runoff prediction. A preprocessing approach was applied to capture the rainfall patterns across a watershed, and to select relevant input data for runoff prediction. This approach was tested using the FeedForward Neural Network (FFNN) and the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) given their flexibility and ability in hydrological modeling. The methodology has been tested in a semi-arid transboundary watershed located in North Africa (Algeria, Tunisia) with the Integrated Multi-satellitE Retrievals for Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM-IMERG) and the Precipitation Estimation from Remotely Sensed Information using Artificial Neural Networks (PERSIANN) satellite rainfall products. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed approach when using all employed SPPs. In terms of Nash criterion, the suggested pre-processing technique improved the prediction ability of FFNN by 13%, and the ELM model by 15%, which highlights how preprocessing techniques significantly enhance ML models with SPPs data.
Low-flow period seasonality, trends, and climate linkages across the United States
Creators: name: Simeone, Caelan
name: McCabe, Greg
name: Hecht, Jory
name: Hammond, John
name: Hodgkins, Glenn
name: Olson, Carolyn
name: Wieczorek, Mike
name: Wolock, David
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Low-flow period properties, including timing, magnitude, and duration, influence many key processes for water resource managers and ecosystems. We computed annual low-flow period duration and timing metrics from 1951 to 2020 for 1032 conterminous United States (CONUS) streamgages and analyzed spatial patterns, trends through time, and relationships to climate. Results show northwestern and eastern CONUS streamgages had longer and more inter-annually consistent low-flow period durations, while central CONUS periods were shorter and more variable. Low-flow periods most often occurred in summer months but start and end dates occurred later in north-central and mountainous western CONUS, which have the greatest number of low flows during cold seasons. Low-flow periods are becoming longer in southeastern and northwestern CONUS but shorter in much of the rest of CONUS. Temperature was correlated with low-flow period duration in southeastern and northwestern CONUS, and precipitation was correlated with duration everywhere, but most strongly in eastern CONUS.
Comparative Anatomy of Branches, Roots and Wood of Some North American Dicotyledonous and Coniferous Trees and Woody Shrubs Used in Ethnographic Artifacts : Identification and Conservation Concerns
Creators: name: Florian, Mary-Lou E.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This book deals with the comparative anatomy of the tissues of the bark, phloem, heartwood, sapwood, and pith in wood, branches, and roots of woody shrubs, hardwood trees and softwood coniferous trees, that were reported to have been used historically in making ethnographic and archaeological artifacts. The species researched in this book are endemic to Northwest Coast of North America. These species have generic anatomical characteristics that are also common in other genera of the same family. Thus, the information is applicable to tree genera in similar latitudinal environments in Canada, USA, Europe and Asia. The goal of the information is to assist; curators with their research and conservators with their care of artifacts made of these plant parts. Identification of a species is usually a curator’s job and is used to determine provenience. Conservators may obtain the species/genus identification by research or provenience. Relevant morphological, anatomical, and chemical features of plant parts are needed to interpret the physical changes and their influence on the stability of the artifact. Understanding the structure and inherent strengths or weaknesses of the plant part assist conservators in logical care for a specific object. These are presented throughout the text were possible. Also, throughout the text a few examples of the materials from artifacts are presented for comparison. The terminology used in the text is explained as it goes along and there is a glossary for further explanations. The terminology is easy because all plants have the same anatomical types of tissues, but the anatomical patterns of the cells are variable with species. A bibliography is supplied for further information on specific topics. Reviewed by Dr. Nancy Odegaard, Head of Preservation, Arizona State Museum and Professor, Univ. of Arizona School of Anthropology and Conservation; Dr. Robert Blanchette, Professor, Department of Plant Pathology, Univ. of Minnesota. The preparation of this book was made possible through a Samuel H. Kress Conservation Publication Fellowship, administered by the Foundation of the American Institute for Conservation., Washington DC. For which the author is most grateful.
Interest in Illicit Purchase of Cigarettes under a Very Low Nicotine Content Product Standard
Creators: name: Noar S.M
name: Byron M.J
name: Ribisl K.M
name: Brewer N.T
name: Hall M.G
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Significance: The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is considering a very low nicotine content (VLNC) product standard to substantially reduce nicotine in cigarettes. We examined whether learning about a potential VLNC standard increased smokers' interest in illicit purchases of cigarettes with regular nicotine content if such a standard were adopted. Methods: Participants were a national convenience sample of 1712 US adult smokers. In an online experiment, we randomly assigned smokers to view information about a new VLNC standard (experimental condition) or no information (control condition). The experimental condition explained that a VLNC standard would remove 95% of the nicotine in cigarettes and would require stores to only sell VLNC cigarettes. Then, the survey assessed smokers' interest in purchasing regular cigarettes from three illicit sources. Results: Smokers who learned about the VLNC standard were more likely to be very or extremely interested in purchasing regular cigarettes illicitly from a Web site compared to smokers in the control group (24% vs. 16%, p <. 001). They were also more interested in illicitly buying cigarettes from a street vendor (19% vs. 13%, p <. 001) and a store on an Indian reservation (28% vs. 22%, p <. 05), compared to the control. The impact of learning about the VLNC standard on interest in illicit purchases did not differ by smoking frequency or current e-cigarette use. Conclusions: A VLNC standard could increase smokers' interest in illicit purchases of regular nicotine cigarettes. To prevent VLNC-induced illicit trade from undermining public health, FDA should consider proven measures such as track and trace for these products. Implications: Little is known about how a VLNC cigarette standard would affect consumer interest in regular content cigarettes purchased from illicit sources (eg, the Internet). We found that smokers informed about a potential VLNC product standard had greater interest in illicit cigarette purchases, compared to controls. This suggests the importance of proactive measures accompanying a VLNC standard, such as track-and-trace cigarette packaging regulations and communication campaigns, in order to maximize the standard's public health impact.