cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Formation, Possible Detection and Consequences of Highly Magnetized Compact Stars
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Banibrata
name: Bhattacharya, Mukul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past several years, there has been enormous interest in massive neutron stars and white dwarfs due to either their direct or indirect evidence. The recent detection of gravitational wave event GW190814 has confirmed the existence of compact stars with masses as high as $\sim2.5-2.67M_{\odot}$ within the so-called mass gap, indicating the existence of highly massive neutron stars. One of the primary goals to invoke massive compact objects was to explain the recent detections of over a dozen Type Ia supernovae, whose peculiarity lies with their unusual light curve, in particular the high luminosity and low ejecta velocity. In a series of recent papers, our group has proposed that highly magnetised white dwarfs with super-Chandrasekhar masses can be promising candidates for the progenitors of these peculiar supernovae. The mass-radius relations of these magnetised stars are significantly different from those of their non-magnetised counterparts, which leads to a revised super-Chandrasekhar mass-limit. These compact stars have wider ranging implications, including those for soft gamma-ray repeaters, anomalous X-ray pulsars, white dwarf pulsars and gravitational radiation. Here we review the development of the subject over the last decade or so, describing the overall state of the art of the subject as it stands now. We mainly touch upon the possible formation channels of these intriguing stars as well as the effectiveness of direct detection methods. These magnetised stars can have many interesting consequences, including reconsideration of them as possible standard candles.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures (23 pdf figures), 1 table; based on the invited (online) talk given by Banibrata Mukhopadhyay in "The Modern Physics of Compact Stars and Relativistic Gravity 2021" meeting held during September 27 - 30, 2021 at Yerevan, Armenia; invited review published in a special issue of Particles, edited by Armen Sedrakian; both authors have contributed equally to this work. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2110.15374
NBC News/Wall Street Journal Poll: Omnibus, October 1991
Creators: name: NBC News
name: Wall Street Journal
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Direction of the country (2); future for children (1); feelings towards political figures (11); Congress job performance (4); George H.W. Bush job performance (5); economy (3); most important economic issues facing the country (2); personal financial situation (2); government actions as problems (1); Congressional elections (2); messages to politicians when voting (1); election of members of Congress who support Bush (1); reelection of Congressional representative (1); Congress representatives contributing to problems in Washington (1); party control over Congress & Presidency (2); limit of terms Congress members/Senators can serve (1); quality of political leaders (1); agree/disagree with statement (2); income tax (1); trust in President Bush/Democrats in Congress to be more fair to average people (1); party responsible for savings/loans problems facing the country (1); trust in party to best handle the savings/loans problem facing the country (1); economic sanctions against Iraq (2); result of U.S. action in the Middle East (1); U.S. conflict in the Persian Gulf (3); favor/oppose for candidacy for 1992 Democratic nomination for President (2); vote for 1992 Presidential election (3); emphasis of 1990 election campaigns (1); outcomes of Congressional elections (1); party that would handle issues better (14); descriptions of President Bush (9); concerns about the political system (6); disciplining children (5); favor/oppose female sports reporters joining male sports reporters in men's locker rooms (1); vote in 1988 Presidential election (1).
Innochain Gender Support Plan (1.3)
Creators: name: Knagenhielm-Karlsson, Ulrika
name: Thomsen, Mette Ramsgaard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Background / Grant Agreement statements concerning gender
 balance:
 - A fair gender representation (by promoting genuine equal access opportunities between men and women
 throughout the recruitment process) (Grant Agreement, page 41)
 - The beneficiaries must take all measures to promote equal opportunities between men and women in the
 implementation of the action. They must aim, to the extent possible, for a gender balance at all levels of
 personnel assigned to the action, including at supervisory and managerial level. (Grant Agreement, page
 43)
 - The network will have special focus on balance in gender representation. Science and computing in
 general have persistent gender inequality (40 %) and fields such as engineering, manufacturing and
 construction even more so (26 %). The InnoChain network decision making body has similar gender
 balance (24%) despite the coordinator being a woman. To support gender equality special emphasis will
 be made in inviting women visiting researchers as peer reviewers to evaluative research events,
 workshop-seminars and conference. Special focus on gender in the recruitment process will support
 appropriate gender balance in the ESR body and a Gender Support plan detailing family support and a
 mentoring programme will be part of the management agreement. (Annex to Grant Agreement, page 33)
Supplementary document for Enhanced functionalities of immune cells separated by microfludic lattice: assessment based on holotomography - 6676324.pdf
Creators: name: Park, YongKeun
name: Lee, Mahn Jae
name: kim, byungyeon
name: Lee, Dohyeon
name: Kim, Geon
name: jung, yoonjae
name: shin, HEE SIK
name: choi, sungyong
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Figure
Patients and Professionals Perplexed: An Analysis of Non-Invasive Prenatal Testing Implementation in the United States and United Kingdom
Creators: name: Burt, Miranda
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: non-invasive prenatal testing; healthcare; public health

description: A comparative analysis of the United States and the United Kingdom reveals important cross- national differences in the implementation of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). To establish these key differences I conducted interviews with healthcare professionals in the US, and I utilized qualitative studies conducted within the UK. I conclude that in the United Kingdom, health care professionals struggle to accurately describe and present testing to patients, and have a much higher subsequent Down Syndrome abortion rate. In addition, many health care professionals in the United Kingdom fail to provide informed consent when administering NIPT. Comparatively, health care professionals in the United States do a much better job gaining informed consent, but often encounter time constraints and cannot present all relevant information. In the United States health care professionals also struggle with a shortage of genetic counselors, insurance coverage limitations, and a lack of data for low-risk populations. To conclude, I provide policy recommendations meant to address each of these issues.
Innochain IPR Management Plan (1.4)
Creators: name: Knippers, Jan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: According to the Annex 1 to the GA, Part B, “IPR is managed by the IPR
 management plan (WP 1.4). The agreement is outlined at proposal stage following a
 background­foreground model. It will be fully consolidated as part of the Review of
 Requirements. Partners will sign a Consortium Agreement managing the knowledge
 produced. The plan will be outlined within 6 months of the project start and submitted
 to Steering Committee for approval.” (p. 33).
The motion of a neutrally buoyant particle of an elliptic shape in two dimensional shear flow: a numerical study
Creators: name: Huang, Shih-Lin
name: Chen, Shih-Di
name: Pan, Tsorng-Whay
name: Chang, Chien-Cheng
name: Chu, Chin-Chou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the motion of a neutrally buoyant cylinder of an elliptic shape freely moving in two dimensional shear flow by direct numerical simulation. An elliptic shape cylinder in shear flow, when initially being placed at the middle between two walls, either keeps rotating or has a stationary inclination angle depending on the particle Reynolds number $Re=G_r r_a^2/ν$, where $G_r$ is the shear rate, $r_a$ is the semi-long axis of the elliptic cylinder and $ν$ is the kinetic viscosity of the fluid. The critical particle Reynolds number $Re_{cr}$ for the transition from a rotating motion to a stationary orientation depends on the aspect ratio $AR=r_b/r_a$ and the confined ratio $K=2r_a/H$ where $r_b$ is the semi-short axis of the elliptic cylinder and $H$ is the distance between two walls. Although the increasing of either parameters makes an increase in $Re_{cr}$, the dynamic mechanism is distinct. The $AR$ variation causes the change of geometry shape; however, the $K$ variation influences the wall effect. The stationary inclination angle of non-rotating slender elliptic cylinder with smaller confined ratio seems to depend only on the value of $Re-Re_{cr}$. An expected equilibrium position of the cylinder mass center in shear flow is the centerline between two walls, but when placing the particle away from the centerline initially, it migrates either toward an equilibrium height away from the middle between two walls or back to the middle depending on the confined ratio and particle Reynolds number.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.0805
Generalized scale-invariant solutions to the two-dimensional stationary Navier-Stokes equations
Creators: name: Guillod, Julien
name: Wittwer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76D05 (Primary) 76D03, 76U05, 35Q30, 74F10 (Secondary)

description: New explicit solutions to the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations in $\mathbb{R}^{2}\setminus\left\{ \boldsymbol{0}\right\}$ are determined, which generalize the scale-invariant solutions found by Hamel. These new solutions are invariant under a particular combination of the scaling and rotational symmetries. They are the only solutions invariant under this new symmetry in the same way as the Hamel solutions are the only scale-invariant solutions. While the Hamel solutions are parameterized by a discrete parameter $n$, the flux $Φ$ and an angle $θ_{0}$, the new solutions generalize the Hamel solutions by introducing an additional parameter $a$ which produces a rotation. The new solutions decay like $\left|\boldsymbol{x}\right|^{-1}$ as the Hamel solutions, and exhibit spiral behavior. The new variety of asymptotes induced by the existence of these solutions further emphasizes the difficulties faced when trying to establish the asymptotic behavior of the Navier-Stokes equations in a two-dimensional exterior domain or in the whole plane.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Innochain Recruitment Plan (1.5)
Creators: name: Thomsen, Mette Ramsgaard
name: Tamke, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Innochain is an Innovation Training Network under the EU Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions. The network trains 15 ESRs across 6 institutions. It is the aim to attract high-level applicants from the fields of architecture and engineering with strong background in computational design, simulation and digital fabrication.
Two-loop planar master integrals for the production of off-shell vector bosons in hadron collisions
Creators: name: Henn, Johannes M.
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Smirnov, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the calculation of all planar master integrals that are needed for the computation of NNLO QCD corrections to the production of two off-shell vector bosons in hadron collisions. The most complicated representatives of integrals in this class are the two-loop four-point functions where two external lines are on the light-cone and two other external lines have different invariant masses. We compute these and other relevant integrals analytically using differential equations in external kinematic variables and express our results in terms of Goncharov polylogarithms. The case of two equal off-shellnesses, recently considered in Ref. [1], appears as a particular case of our general solution.
description: 28 pages, many figures; ancillary files included with arXiv submission
Lacon oliveri Hayek 1973
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Lacon
Lacon oliveri

description: Lacon oliveri (Candèze, 1874)
Adelocera oliveri Candèze, 1874: 20.
Lacon olivieri Schwarz, 1906: 11 (unjustified emendation).
Lacon oliveri (Candèze) Hayek, 1973: 73.
Type depository. Holotype (BMNH).
Type locality. West Bengal (Darjeeling).
Distribution. India: West Bengal.
Literature. Candèze (1874: 20): original description; Schwarz (1906: 11): catalogue; Hayek (1973: 73): combination; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2000: 76): catalogue; Chakraborty and Chakrabarti (2006: 62): records of the zoological survey of India, occasional paper no. 254.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
Resonant Low Frequency Interlayer Shear Modes in Folded Graphene Layers
Creators: name: Cong, Chunxiao
name: Yu, Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Naturally or artificially stacking extra layers on single layer graphene (SLG) forms few-layer graphene (FLG), which has attracted tremendous attention owing to its exceptional properties inherited from SLG and new features generated by introducing extra freedom. In FLG, shear modes play a critical role in understanding its distinctive properties. Unfortunately, energies of shear modes are so close to excitation lasers to be fully blocked by a Rayleigh rejecter. This greatly hinders investigations of shear modes in FLG. Here, we demonstrate dramatically enhanced shear modes in properly folded FLG. Benefiting from the extremely strong signals, for the first time, enhancement mechanism, vibrational symmetry, anharmonicity and electron-phonon coupling (EPC) of shear modes are uncovered through studies of two-dimensional (2D) Raman mapping, polarization- and temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy. This work complements Raman studies of graphene layers, and paves an efficient way to exploit low frequency shear modes of FLG and other 2D layered materials.
发现参与导致乳癌发生的遗传基础(突变基因)
Creators: name: 宋, 彬
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Exome
Phenotype or Genotype
Transcriptome or Gene expression
Variation
Monoisolate
Other
肿瘤基因组和转录组研究

description: 运用动物胚胎左-右分隔原理发现参与导致乳癌发生的遗传基础(突变基因)
Algebraic Approach to Colombeau Theory
Creators: name: Todorov, Todor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 46F30, Secondary: 46S20, 46S10, 46F10, 03H05, 03C50

description: We present a differential algebra of generalized functions over a field of generalized scalars by means of several axioms in terms of general algebra and topology. Our differential algebra is of Colombeau type in the sense that it contains a copy of the space of Schwartz distributions, and the set of regular distributions with $\mathcal C^\infty$-kernels forms a differential subalgebra. We discuss the uniqueness of the field of scalars as well as the consistency and independence of our axioms. This article is written mostly to satisfy the interest of mathematicians and scientists who do not necessarily belong to the \emph{Colombeau community}; that is to say, those who do not necessarily work in the \emph{non-linear theory of generalized functions}.
description: 16 pages
Innochain Quality Assurance and Risk Management Plan (2.2)
Creators: name: Thomsen, Mette Ramsgaard
name: Dahl, Ditte
name: Tamke, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: As part of the Training Management (WP 2), the present Quality Assurance and Risk Management Plan outlines: How the InnoChain network establishes and evaluates the quality of the training activities in chapter 1. Monitoring the quality of the network training plan. Which risks can be foreseen and which measures the InnoChain network will take to them in chapter 2. Risks and countermeasures. The substantial content of the network training plan can be found in the Innochain Plan 2.1 ‘Innochain Training Handbook for ESRs’.
Temporal and Spatial Control of Shp2 Phosphatase Activity through Engineered Allosteric Control
Creators: name: Fauser, Jordan E
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Cell signaling is inherently dynamic with temporally and spatially distinct functions contributing to physiological and pathological processes. As such, sophisticated tools capable of identifying transient or localized signaling events downstream of specific enzymes is essential to understand function on a physiological time scale. We report a broadly applicable chemogenetic protein engineering method for allosteric regulation of Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases as well enhanced tuning of optogenetic tools for allosteric regulation of proteins. Chemogenetic regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatases enable dissection of transient events and reconstruction of individual signaling pathways. With this approach we revealed parallel MAPK and ROCK II dependent pathways downstream of Shp2 mediating transient cell spreading and migration. Furthermore, we show that the N-SH2 domain of Shp2 regulates MAPK-independent, ROCK II-dependent cell migration. Engineered targeting of Shp2 activity to different protein complexes revealed that Shp2-FAK signaling induces cell spreading whereas Shp2-Gab1 or Shp2-Gab2 mediate cell migration. We identified specific transient morphodynamic processes induced by Shp2 and determined the role of individual signaling pathways downstream of Shp2 in regulating these events. The degree of spatial and temporal control of catalytic function can be enhanced through application of an optogenetic allosteric switch. This tool provides the combined advantages of tight spatiotemporal control, broad applicability, and modular tunability due to the design of the light regulated (LightR) switch. The LightR switch is composed of the two VVD domains joined by a flexible linker, modifications in the properties of the VVD domains as well as the flexible linker provide enhanced tuning capabilities for implementation of this regulatory domain. We demonstrated that combining a more rigid inter-VVD linker with lit state stabilizing mutations yielded a robustly activated tool which requires minimal blue light exposure. By contrast, the use of a contractile inter-VVD linkers enhances the activity of weakly activated LightR tools without influencing deactivation kinetics, as was demonstrated with a weakly activated but rapidly deactivated FastLightR-Src tool. Each of these modifications can be combined in a variety of ways to suit the needs of the enzyme and experiment. Both optogenetic and chemogenetic approaches enable broad application in the study of spatiotemporal dependent cell signaling.
Shooting for the stars: How a STEM initiative has evolved to address gender challenges in work and education
Creators: name: Travers, Marie
name: Bromell, Jenna
name: Crowley, Katie
name: PATTEN, JAMES
name: RICHARDSON, ITA
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: There are fewer women than men in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). To address this imbalance, numerous STEM intervention programmes have been implemented worldwide. These programmes are aimed at helping girls and women to reach their full potential in terms of school and work.Planning and implementing a STEM intervention programme is a complex process. There are many different stakeholders, and their needs can be varied and evolving. This paper discusses STEM interventions, and it presents our experience with a specific intervention, the University of Limerick-Lero/Johnson & Johnson WiSTEM 2 D (Women in STEM, Manufacturing and Design) programme. This programme has evolved based on the learnings identified in areas such as participant group dynamics, invited speaker engagement and presentation delivery, and teamwork-centered activities. Such learnings can be applied across a range of STEM fields, including software engineering. We believe that initiatives, such as WiSTEM 2 D, which support and promote gender equality in STEM 2 D fields, and specifically Computer Science (CS) education and industry, are of key importance. Our review of the programme has identified three primary lessons: (1) individuals did not benefit as strongly as those working in groups (2) online events allow for more speakers and greater transfer of knowledge and (3) working in teams provides the students with the opportunity to socialise with other women in a work environment.
Example of a stable wormhole in general relativity
Creators: name: Bronnikov, K. A.
name: Lipatova, L. N.
name: Novikov, I. D.
name: Shatskiy, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a static, spherically symmetric wormhole model whose metric coincides with that of the so-called Ellis wormhole but the material source of gravity consists of a perfect fluid with negative density and a source-free radial electric or magnetic field. For a certain class of fluid equations of state, it has been shown that this wormhole model is linearly stable under both spherically symmetric perturbations and axial perturbations of arbitrary multipolarity. A similar behavior is predicted for polar nonspherical perturbations. It thus seems to be the first example of a stable wormhole model in the framework of general relativity (at least without invoking phantom thin shells as wormhole sources).
description: 6 pages, no figures
Efimov spectrum in bosonic systems with increasing number of particles
Creators: name: Kievsky, A.
name: Gattobigio, M.
name: Timofeyuk, N. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well-known that three-boson systems show the Efimov effect when the two-body scattering length $a$ is large with respect to the range of the two-body interaction. This effect is a manifestation of a discrete scaling invariance (DSI). In this work we study DSI in the $N$-body system by analysing the spectrum of $N$ identical bosons obtained with a pairwise gaussian interaction close to the unitary limit. We consider different universal ratios such as $E_N^0/E_3^0$ and $E_N^1/E_N^0$, with $E_N^i$ being the energy of the ground ($i=0$) and first-excited ($i=1$) state of the system, for $N\le16$. We discuss the extension of the Efimov radial law, derived by Efimov for $N=3$, to general $N$.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, presented at the 22nd European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics, Cracow (Poland)
The genomic architectures in Ovarian Clear Cell Cancer, Serous Ovarian Cancer and Endometrial Clear Cell Carcinoma
Creators: name: 邰再仙
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Genome sequencing
Exome
Variation
Targeted Locus (Loci)
Multiisolate
Medical

description: the next-generation sequencing of a panel of 1021 genes in 34 Clear cell carcinoma of the ovary (OCCC)
Fundamental Molecules of Life are Pigments which Arose and Evolved to Dissipate the Solar Spectrum
Creators: name: Michaelian, Karo
name: Simeonov, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The driving force behind the origin and evolution of life has been the thermodynamic imperative of increasing the entropy production of the biosphere through increasing the global solar photon dissipation rate. In the upper atmosphere of today, oxygen and ozone derived from life processes are performing the short wavelength UVC and UVB dissipation. On Earth's surface, water and organic pigments in water facilitate the near UV and visible photon dissipation. The first organic pigments probably formed, absorbed, and dissipated at those photochemically active wavelengths in the UVC that could have reached Earth's surface during the Archean. Proliferation of these pigments can be understood as an autocatalytic photochemical process obeying non-equilibrium thermodynamic directives related to increasing solar photon dissipation rate. Under these directives, organic pigments would have evolved over time to increase the global photon dissipation rate by; 1) increasing the ratio of their effective photon cross sections to their physical size, 2) decreasing their electronic excited state life times, 3) quenching non-radiative de-excitation channels (e.g. fluorescence), 4) covering ever more completely the solar spectrum, and 5) dispersing into an ever greater surface area of Earth. From knowledge of the evolution of the spectrum of G-type stars, and considering the most probable history of the transparency of Earths atmosphere, we construct the most probable surface solar spectrum as a function of time and compare this with the history of molecular absorption maxima obtained from the available data in the literature. This comparison supports the thermodynamic dissipation theory for the origin of life, constrains models for Earth's early atmosphere, and sheds some new light on the origin of photosynthesis.
description: 43 pages, 3 figures
Faith Based Organizations as Instigators of Development: the contribution of Alfagems Secondary School in Morogoro (Tanzania)
Creators: name: Jarosz, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Political science not elsewhere classified

description: The study attempts to capture the impact of the religious element uponthe development of a developing country. Due to the range of difficulties in outlin-ing the field of study, from the outset it was assumed that the pro-developmentalactivity of Faith-Based Organizations (FBO) is carried out as an immanent partof the socio-economic processes of development. As FBO insiders target a given developmental goal, they start to act upon the secular proponents which arecontinually being reinforced from within the religious dimension. As indicated,this leads to measurable goals (the results of state examinations).
State Learning and Emulation: Exploring Ambiguities in Policy Diffusion Mechanisms
Creators: name: Pollert, Isaac M
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: What is the difference between policy learning and emulation, and how does the salience of an issue impact each process? Understanding how and why policy diffuses has been the focus of the field over the previous two decades. This has culminated in a paradigm where policy can diffuse through one of four key mechanisms. Only two of these mechanisms, coercion and competition, have fully developed explanations for when they happen. Learning and emulation can have ambiguous definitions in the literature and a limited understanding of when each might occur. I explore the relationship between the two to bring our understanding of these mechanisms to the level that exists for competition and coercion. My research design exploits the nature of US election policy to do so. Using election policy from the National Conference of State Legislatures and election turnout data from the State Legislative Election Returns database, I identify that learning and emulation are distinct concepts, each with different influences on the patterns of policy diffusion. Policy salience and vertical learning processes can also impact the diffusion mechanism choice, with salient policies being more likely to diffuse via policy learning. I provide a more detailed understanding of emulation and learning, as well as how they are measured. I also provide policy-specific results to US election policy diffusion, specifically the effects of the Shelby v. Holder voting rights decision on how states adopt policy.
Microbial liberation of daidzein by beta-galactosidase suppress acetaminophen-induced hepatocyte ferroptosis in mice
Creators: name: 何卓恩(HE ZHUOEN)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: The fecal DNA was extracted by a DNA extraction kit (Mabio). The universal amplicon primer for V4 region of bacterial 16S rDNA gene, the specific barcode, and fluorescent dye was added together for PCR amplification. The products were analyzed by Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform and NovaSeq 6000 platform. QIIME1.9.1 was used for data extraction, splicing, and analog peer-to-peer bioinformatics analysis process. The alpha diversity, beta diversity, Lefse signature, and bacterial composition of different levels in the samples were calculated and obtained.
Legacy and Belowground Resource Availability Effects on Plant-Soil Interactions in Tallgrass Prairies
Creators: name: Glass, Nicholas T
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In the U.S.A. Midwest, less than 10% of tallgrass prairies remain, and soils have lost 25‒40 million grams of carbon per hectare. Tallgrass prairie restorations can mitigate global climate change by regaining soil carbon, but it is unclear if legacy effects left by past land use impact rates of soil carbon accrual. Also, prairie plants' belowground responses to water and nutrient availability remain difficult to predict due to uncertainties surrounding root architectural and morphological associations to resource acquisition. Because root systems comprise ~66% of plant productivity in grasslands, understanding both legacy effects on soil and root responses to soil resources is vital for accurate predictions of soil carbon dynamics in tallgrass prairies. We assessed legacy effects on soil carbon and nitrogen accrual from 2008 to 2018 and root litter decomposition rates at Midewin National Tallgrass Prairie. Also, we measured Panicum virgatum root responses to partitioned water and nutrients in split-root laboratory experiments using root scans and traces. Because moderate drought occurred at Midewin in late 2020, we were able to determine drought impacts on decomposition rates in different land use histories. Tallgrass prairies restored directly from croplands accrued soil nitrogen more slowly than prairies restored from pastures largely due to reductions of soil bulk density in crop-restorations. However, soil carbon accrual rates were more similar. For Panicum virgatum, root length, surface area, and number of tips were progressively reduced as root (developmental) order increased in split-root compartments with water but no nutrients. Reduced development of lateral roots in the presence of water suggests that absorptive root proliferation is not necessary for optimal water uptake in tallgrass prairie grasses. Finally, root litter decomposition rates were impacted by land use history, but soil moisture and temperature were better predictors of decomposition rates in normal conditions. During drought, time since disturbance (grazing or row cropping) was most strongly correlated with decomposition rates. Our results show that legacies of croplands facilitate increased decomposition and soil carbon loss compared to pastoral land use history. Also, grasses' increased absorptive root development in response to nutrients facilitates increased root turnover, whereas water availability does not.
Dissecting the Spitzer color-magnitude diagrams of extreme LMC AGB stars
Creators: name: Dell'Agli, F.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Hernández, D. A. García
name: Schneider, R.
name: Di Criscienzo, M.
name: Brocato, E.
name: D'Antona, F.
name: Rossi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We trace the full evolution of low- and intermediate-mass stars ($1 M_{\odot} \leq M \leq 8M_{\odot}$) during the Asymptotic Giant Branch (AGB) phase in the {\it Spitzer} two-color and color-magnitude diagrams. We follow the formation and growth of dust particles in the circumstellar envelope with an isotropically expanding wind, in which gas molecules impinge upon pre--existing seed nuclei, favour their growth. These models are the first able to identify the main regions in the {\it Spitzer} data occupied by AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC). The main diagonal sequence traced by LMC extreme stars in the [3.6]-[4.5] vs. [5.8]-[8.0] and [3.6]-[8.0] vs. [8.0] planes are nicely fit by carbon stars models; it results to be an evolutionary sequence with the reddest objects being at the final stages of their AGB evolution. The most extreme stars, with [3.6]-[4.5] $>$ 1.5 and [3.6]-[8.0] $>$ 3, are 2.5-3 $M_{\odot}$ stars surrounded by solid carbon grains. In higher mass ($>3 M_{\odot}$) models dust formation is driven by the extent of Hot Bottom Burning (HBB) - most of the dust formed is in the form of silicates and the maximum obscuration phase by dust particles occurs when the HBB experienced is strongest, before the mass of the envelope is considerably reduced.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Entrevista: Los mensajes del narco
Creators: name: Pérez Caballero, Jesús
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: México
narcotráfico
comunicación
propaganda
videos
CJNG
contrainsurgencia

description: Entrevista completa sobre la captura y exposición en un video de dos agentes de la SEIDO
 (México), realizada por correo el 14 de febrero de 2018. Publicada casi íntegramente en: "Los mensajes del narco", Zeta Tijuana, semana del 23 de febrero al 1 de marzo de 2018, n. 2291, pp. 18A-19A. Entrevistador: Luis Carlos Sáinz Martínez. Video referido disponible aquí.
Multiple routes transmitted epidemics on multiplex networks
Creators: name: Zhao, Dawei
name: Li, Lixiang
name: Peng, Haipeng
name: Luo, Qun
name: Yang, Yixian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter investigates the multiple routes transmitted epidemic process on multiplex networks. We propose detailed theoretical analysis that allows us to accurately calculate the epidemic threshold and outbreak size. It is found that the epidemic can spread across the multiplex network even if all the network layers are well below their respective epidemic thresholds. Strong positive degree-degree correlation of nodes in multiplex network could lead to a much lower epidemic threshold and a relatively smaller outbreak size. However, the average similarity of neighbors from different layers of nodes has no obvious effect on the epidemic threshold and outbreak size.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.1834
Two genomes of Meliaceae species
Creators: name: 崔高峰(Gaofeng Cui)
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Multispecies

description: An improved Azadirachta indica genome, 14 chromosomes comprising 223.66 Mb with a contigN50 value of 8.91 Mb, and a Melia azedarach genome assembly, 14 chromosomes comprising 237.16 Mb with a contigN50 of 8.07Mb, were reported.
A time-varying shared frailty model with application to infectious diseases
Creators: name: Enki, Doyo G.
name: Noufaily, Angela
name: Farrington, C. Paddy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a new parametric time-varying shared frailty model to represent changes over time in population heterogeneity, for use with bivariate current status data. The model uses a power transformation of a time-invariant frailty $U$, and is particularly convenient when $U$ is a member of the generalized gamma family. This model avoids some shortcomings of a previously suggested time-varying frailty model, notably time-dependent support. We describe some key properties of the model, including its relative frailty variance function in different settings and how the model can be fitted to data. We describe several applications to shared frailty modeling of bivariate current status data on infectious diseases, in which the frailty represents age-dependent heterogeneity in contact rates or susceptibility to infection.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AOAS693 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Ergodicity of the Hybridization-Expansion Monte Carlo Algorithm for Broken-Symmetry States
Creators: name: Sémon, P.
name: Sordi, G.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the success of dynamical mean field theories, solvers for quantum-impurity problems have become an important tool for the numerical study of strongly correlated systems. Continuous-time Quantum Monte Carlo sampling of the expansion in powers of the hybridization between the ``impurity'' and the bath provides a powerful solver when interactions are strong. Here we show that the usual updates that add or remove a pair of creation-annihilation operators are rigorously not ergodic for several classes of broken-symmetries that involve spatial components. We show that updates with larger numbers of simultaneous updates of pairs of creation-annihilation operators remedy this problem. As an example, we apply the four operator updates that are necessary for ergodicity to the case of d-wave superconductivity in plaquette dynamical mean-field theory for the one-band Hubbard model. While the results are qualitatively similar to those previously published, they are quantitatively better that previous ones, being closer to those obtained by other approaches.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, LaTeX
Machine Learning Approaches for the Integrative Analysis of Multi-omics Data
Creators: name: Gao, Shang
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Multi-omics data is a collective term which refers to multiple levels of “-omic” sequencing datasets. It can provide a comprehensive understanding of the regulatory mechanisms that link the genotype to phenotype. A large number of “omics” datasets have been generated from studies in various biological scenarios but there is a need for advanced analytical tools that derive meaningful biological insights from these datasets. In this thesis, three projects have been developed for integrating multiple “omics” datasets to answer distinct biological questions. In the first project, dimension reduction and clustering methods are applied on single cell RNA-sequencing data from lung endothelial cells to identify the cellular heterogeneity within the lung endothelium during lung injury and regeneration. We identified three major subpopulations in lung endothelial cells at baseline and at the time points post injury. One subpopulation is enriched for the expression of immune-related genes while another subpopulation is enriched for the expression of developmental genes. In the second project, a Bayesian Inference model, BITFAM, was developed to infer the transcription factors activities in single cells by integrating single cell RNA-seq data and bulk ChIP-seq data. We were able to validate that BITFAM could indeed infer the transcription factors activities using known biological functions as well as a publicly available dataset in which transcription factor deletion was achieved by CRISPR/Cas9 targeting of transcription factors. In the third project, we assessed the relative effect of DNA sequences and epigenetics modifications on gene expression using a deep learning framework, iSEGnet. I investigated the optimal regions that achieve the best prediction of gene expression. I also explored the most important regions and epigenetics modifications that impact gene expression as well as the regulatory mechanisms in these regions. These projects highlight the value of using machine learning and deep learning approaches to analyze multi-omic datasets and thereby identify regulatory mechanisms underlying gene expression.
Option Pricing in a Dynamic Variance-Gamma Model
Creators: name: Mercuri, Lorenzo
name: Bellini, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pricing of Securities (q-fin.PR)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We present a discrete time stochastic volatility model in which the conditional distribution of the logreturns is a Variance-Gamma, that is a normal variance-mean mixture with Gamma mixing density. We assume that the Gamma mixing density is time varying and follows an affine Garch model, trying to capture persistence of volatility shocks and also higher order conditional dynamics in a parsimonious way. We select an equivalent martingale measure by means of the conditional Esscher transform as in Buhlmann et al. (1996) and show that this change of measure leads to a similar dynamics of the mixing distribution. The model admits a recursive procedure for the computation of the characteristic function of the terminal logprice, thus allowing semianalytical pricing as in Heston and Nandi (2000). From an empirical point of view, we check the ability of this model to calibrate SPX option data and we compare it with the Heston and Nandi (2000) model and with the Christoffersen, Heston and Jacobs (2006) model, that is based on Inverse Gaussian innovations. Moreover, we provide a detailed comparison with several variants of the Heston and Nandi model that shows the superiority of the Variance-Gamma innovations also from the point of view of historical MLE estimation.
Wonder as an Experience of Beauty
Creators: name: MacTaggart, Eric
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Wonder plays a role in many aspects of our lives—e.g., in appreciating art and nature, religious experiences, and scientific and philosophical inquiry—and there is a wide variety of intuitive cases of the experience. This diversity raises philosophically interesting questions like, What is wonder? In what ways is this experience valuable? Are there objects at which we ought not wonder? Plato, Aristotle, and Descartes note the significance of wonder, yet the topic of wonder remains underexplored in philosophy. There have been few attempts to answer these questions about the nature and value of wonder in a systematic way. My dissertation aims to provide such answers. I show how understanding wonder as a type of experience of beauty—an idea that has not received serious attention—reveals new insights about wonder’s nature and value. After I examine and make necessary modifications to features of wonder that are often cited in the literature, I further develop my picture of wonder and its relation to beauty by drawing on Alexander Nehamas’s account of the latter. On my Nehamasian view, the experience of beauty characteristically involves a pleasure of anticipation and a vague desire to learn more about the object. This prompts an inquiry in which the subject aims to better understand and appreciate what makes the object distinctive and finally valuable. Wonder is an experience of beauty in which the subject also has a sense that the object is extraordinary. My characterization of wonder and the inquiry associated with this experience provides resources for thinking about the normative evaluations that we can make about episodes of wonder. Drawing on these investigations and neo-Aristotelian work on virtue, I develop an account of virtuous wonder (i.e., the disposition to experience wonder in appropriate ways) and argue that this trait is an aesthetic and intellectual virtue. Similarly, I bring together Aristotelian ideas and my previous insights to propose methods for cultivating this character virtue.
BGI-SHAPE
Creators: name: 宋, 文琛
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2022
Subjects: Genome sequencing and assembly
Environment
Environmental

description: SHAPE - a novel modular Steppingstone Host Assisted Phage Engineering platform taking advantage of E. coli as the intermediate host to engineer and reboot phages without causing toxicity to the host. SHAPE integrates multiple modules - lambda-red mediated engineering module, CRISPR-Cas9 mediated counter-selection module, and steppingstone host mediated phage rebooting module - in one-pot, and no genetic manipulation of the definitive hosts is necessary.
Cones of Hilbert functions
Creators: name: Boij, Mats
name: Smith, Gregory G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C05

description: We study the closed convex hull of various collections of Hilbert functions. Working over a standard graded polynomial ring with modules that are generated in degree zero, we describe the supporting hyperplanes and extreme rays for the cones generated by the Hilbert functions of all modules, all modules with bounded a-invariant, and all modules with bounded Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity. The first of these cones is infinite-dimensional and simplicial, the second is finite-dimensional but neither simplicial nor polyhedral, and the third is finite-dimensional and simplicial.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures