cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A proposal for a minimal model of free reed
Creators: name: Millot, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper we propose a minimal model for free reeds taking into account the significant phenomena. This free reed model may be used to build models of free reed instruments which permit numerical simulations. Several definitions for the section by which the airflow passes through the reed are reviewed and a new one is proposed which takes into account the entire escape area under the reed and the reed thickness. To derive this section, it is necessary to distinguish the neutral section (the only section of the reed which always keeps its length constant while moving) from the upstream or downstream sections. A minimal configuration is chosen to permit the instabilities of both (-,+) and (+,-) reeds on the basis of a linear analysis of instabilities conditions. This configuration is used to illustrate, with temporal simulations, the minimal model for both kinds of reeds and to discuss the model assumptions. Some clues are given about the influence, on the playing frequency and on the dynamic of the sound, of two main parameters of the geometrical model: the size of the volume and the level of the excitation. It is shown that the playing frequency of a (+,-) reed can vary in a large range according to the size of the volume upstream of the reed; that the playing frequency is nearly independent of the excitation but that the dynamic of the sound increases with the excitation level. Some clues are also proposed to determine the nature of the bifurcation for free reeds: it seems that free reeds may present inverse bifurcations. The influence of the reed thickness is also studied for configurations where the reed length or the reed width vary to keep the mass constant. This study shows that the reed thickness can have a great influence on the sound magnitude, the playing frequency and the magnitude of the reed displacement which justifies its introduction in the reed model.This article has been published in Acta Acustica united with Acustica, Vol. 93 (2007), p. 122-144.
Hansenocaris undetermined
Creators: name: Olesen, Jørgen
name: Grygier, Mark J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Maxillopoda
Hansenocarididae
Hansenocaris
Hansenocaris undetermined

description: Y-nauplius Type N*
Figs 2, 17F–I
Type N* – Dreyer et al. 2023a: figs 3, 5a, c, tables s1–s2.
Material examined
JAPAN – Okinawa, Sesoko I., laboratory pier, 26°38ʹ09.4ʺ N, 127°51ʹ55.2ʺ E • 1 LSN; 1991–2005 • 19 LSN, 8 of which molted to cyprids; 2018–2019 (Tables 1 and S1).
Description
LAST-STAGE NAUPLIUS (LSN). Lecithotrophic. Body ovate in dorso-ventral view; about 1.6 times as long as wide; lateral margins with only little discontinuity in body outline between cephalic shield and trunk. In lateral view, trunk axis downturned 45° with respect to cephalic axis. Length 220–240 µm (without dorso-caudal spine), greatest width ca 150 µm, greatest dorso-ventral thickness ca 70 µm. Labrum produced as sub-trapezoidal elevation; surface divided into facets by cuticular ridges; pores not examined in detail but at least with one pore in posterior half of midline and additional pair of pores in postero-lateral corners. Caudal end nearly acute, terminating in ca 20 µm long, robust, conical dorso-caudal spine, axis of which upturned 25° with respect to trunk axis, and pair of triangular furcal spines ca 5 µm long.
CYPRID VIEWED THROUGH CUTICLE OF LSN. Body generally transparent but many specimens with brown telson. Cephalic shield typically with 2–3 pairs of transparent lipid vesicles along lateral margins and 1–2 smaller pairs along frontal margin. Telson triangular, approximately as long as wide, about half as long as thorax.
Identification and variation
Recognizable by the combination of its ovate/triangular shape in ventral view, degree of bending between cephalon and trunk (bent more than Type O*) and robust, conical dorso-caudal spine. Variation was noted in developing cyprids; a few lack brown coloration of the telson or have fewer vesicles than usual along the cephalic margin.
Distribution
Japan (Sesoko Island, Okinawa).
description: Published as part of Olesen, Jørgen & Grygier, Mark J., 2024, Taxonomic diversity of marine planktonic ' y-larvae' (Crustacea: Facetotecta) from a coral reef hotspot locality (Japan, Okinawa), with a key to y-nauplii, pp. 1-90 in European Journal of Taxonomy 929 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2024.929.2479, http://zenodo.org/record/10876286
An alternative approach for the convolution in time-domain: the taches-algorithms
Creators: name: Millot, Laurent
name: Pelé, Gérard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We present an alternative temporal approach for convolution, providing a new algorithm, called the taches-algorithm. Based on interferences between the successive delayed and amplified output signals associated respectively with the impulses constituting the input signal, the taches-algorithm can give access immediately to the new output sample and have a low latency response even without using vector-based optimisation of the calculation. With the taches-algorithm it seems easy to change (even in real-time) the impulse response while running the calculation, simply by updating the impulse response to use it for next samples, a task rather difficult to achieve using FFT convolution. Real-time audio demonstrations using notably Pure Data and simple explanations of the taches-algorithm will be given.Paper 7412 presented at the 125th Convention of the Audio Engineering Society, Amsterdam, 2008
Variable stars in the field of intermediate-age open cluster NGC 559
Creators: name: Joshi, Yogesh C.
name: John, Ancy Anna
name: Maurya, Jayanand
name: Panchal, Alaxendra
name: Kumar, Brijesh
name: Joshi, Santosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents the first long-term photometric variability survey of the intermediate-age open cluster NGC 559. Time-series V band photometric observations on 40 nights taken over more than three years with three different telescopes are analyzed to search for variable stars in the cluster. We investigate the data for the periodicity analysis and reveal 70 variable stars including 67 periodic variables in the target field, all of them are newly discovered. The membership analysis of the periodic variables reveal that 30 of them belong to the cluster and remaining 37 are identified as field variables. Out of the 67 periodic variables, 48 are short-period (P<1 day) variables and 19 are long-period (P>1 day) variables. The variable stars have periodicity between 3 hours to 41 days and their brightness ranges from V = 10.9 to 19.3 mag. The periodic variables belonging to the cluster are then classified into different variability types on the basis of observational properties such as shape of the light curves, periods, amplitudes, as well as their positions in the Hertzsprung-Russell (H-R) diagram. As a result, we identify one Algol type eclipsing binary, one possible blue straggler star, 3 slowly pulsating B type stars, 5 rotational variables, 11 non-pulsating variables, 2 FKCOM variables and remaining 7 are characterized as miscellaneous variables. We also identify three Eclipsing Binary stars (EBs) belonging to the field star population. The PHOEBE package is used to analyse the light curve of all four EBs in order to determine the parameters of the binary systems such as masses, temperatures and radii.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 15 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Mixing of scalar tetraquark and quarkonia states in a chiral approach
Creators: name: Giacosa, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chiral invariant Lagrangian describing the tetraquark-quarkonia interaction is considered at the leading and subleading order in the large-$N_{c}$ expansion. Spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking generates mixing of scalar tetraquark and quarkonia states and non-vanishing tetraquark condensates. In particular, the mixing strength is related to the decay strengths of tetraquark states into pseudoscalar mesons. The results show that scalar states below 1 GeV are mainly four-quark states and the scalars between 1 and 2 GeV quark-antiquark states, probably mixed with the scalar glueball in the isoscalar sector.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Exchange effects in nucleus-nucleus reactions
Creators: name: Dohet-Eraly, J.
name: Descouvemont, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scattering model for nuclei with similar masses. In this three-body model, the projectile has a core+valence structure, whereas the target is identical to the core nucleus. The three-body wave functions must be symmetrized for the exchange of the cores. This property gives rise to non-local potentials, which are computed without approximation. The present model is an extension of the Continuum Discretized Coupled Channel (CDCC) formalism, with an additional treatment of core exchange. We solve the coupled-channel system, including non-local terms, by the $R$-matrix method using Lagrange functions. This model is applied to the $^{13}{\rm C}+^{12}$C, $^{13}{\rm N}+^{12}$C and $^{16}{\rm O}+^{12}$C systems. Experimental scattering cross sections are fairly well reproduced without any parameter fitting. The backward-angle enhancement of the elastic cross sections is due to the non-local potential. We discuss in more detail the various non-local contributions and present effective local potentials.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Physical Review C
Lightweight Cryptanalysis of IoT Encryption Algorithms : Is Quota Sampling the Answer?
Creators: name: Cook, Jonathan
name: Rehman, Sabih ur
name: Khan, M. Arif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Rapid growth in the number of small sensor devices known as the Internet of Things (IoT) has seen the development of lightweight encryption algorithms. Two well-known lightweight algorithms are SIMON and SIMECK which have been specifically designed for use on resource-constrained IoT devices. These lightweight encryption algorithms are based on the efficient Feistel block structure which is known to exhibit vulnerabilities to differential cryptanalysis. Consequently, it is necessary to test these algorithms for resilience against such attacks. While existing state-of-the-art research has demonstrated novel heuristic methods of differential cryptanalysis that improve time efficiency on previous techniques, the large state sizes of these encryption algorithms inhibit cryptanalysis time efficiency. In this paper, we introduce Versatile Investigative Sampling Technique for Advanced Cryptanalysis (VISTA-CRYPT) - a time-efficient enhancement of differential cryptanalysis of lightweight encryption algorithms. The proposed technique introduces a simple framework of quota sampling that produces state-of-the-art results with time reductions of up to $76\%$ over existing techniques. Further, we present a preliminary graph-based analysis of the output differentials for the identification of relationships within the data and future research opportunities to further enhance the performance of differential cryptanalysis. The code designed for this work and associated datasets will be available at https://github.com/johncook1979/simon-cryptanalysis.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, 7 tables
Context-Aware Interaction Network for RGB-T Semantic Segmentation
Creators: name: Lv, Ying
name: Liu, Zhi
name: Li, Gongyang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RGB-T semantic segmentation is a key technique for autonomous driving scenes understanding. For the existing RGB-T semantic segmentation methods, however, the effective exploration of the complementary relationship between different modalities is not implemented in the information interaction between multiple levels. To address such an issue, the Context-Aware Interaction Network (CAINet) is proposed for RGB-T semantic segmentation, which constructs interaction space to exploit auxiliary tasks and global context for explicitly guided learning. Specifically, we propose a Context-Aware Complementary Reasoning (CACR) module aimed at establishing the complementary relationship between multimodal features with the long-term context in both spatial and channel dimensions. Further, considering the importance of global contextual and detailed information, we propose the Global Context Modeling (GCM) module and Detail Aggregation (DA) module, and we introduce specific auxiliary supervision to explicitly guide the context interaction and refine the segmentation map. Extensive experiments on two benchmark datasets of MFNet and PST900 demonstrate that the proposed CAINet achieves state-of-the-art performance. The code is available at https://github.com/YingLv1106/CAINet.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Multimedia 2024
Eccentricity matters: Impact of eccentricity on inferred binary black hole populations
Creators: name: Zeeshan, Muhammad
name: O'Shaughnessy, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves (GW), emanating from binary black holes (BBH), encode vital information about their source. GW signals enable us to deduce key properties of the BBH population across the universe, including mass, spin, and eccentricity distribution. While the masses and spins of binary components are already recognized for their insights into formation, eccentricity stands out as a distinct and quantifiable indicator of formation and evolution. Yet, despite its significance, eccentricity is notably absent from most parameter estimation (PE) analyses associated with GW signals. To evaluate the precision with which the eccentricity distribution can be deduced, we generated two synthetic populations of eccentric binary black holes (EBBH) characterized by non-spinning, non-precessing dynamics and mass ranges between $10 M_\odot$ and $50 M_\odot$. This was achieved using an eccentric power law model, encompassing $100$ events with eccentricity distributions set at $σ_ε= 0.05$ and $σ_ε= 0.15$. This synthetic EBBH ensemble was contrasted against a circular binary black holes (CBBH) collection to discern how parameter inferences would vary without eccentricity. Employing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) techniques, we constrained vital model parameters, including the event rate ($\mathcal{R}$), mass distribution, minimum mass ($m_{min}$), maximum mass ($m_{max}$), and the eccentricity distribution ($σ_ε$). Our analysis demonstrates that eccentric population inference can identify the signatures of even modest eccentricities, given sufficiently many events. Conversely, our study shows that an analysis neglecting eccentricity may draw biased conclusions about population parameters for populations with the optimistic values of eccentricity distribution used in our research.
Is International Law International?
Creators: name: Roberts, Anthea Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2017
Subjects: international law
difference
dominance
disruption
comparative
comparative international law
globalization
globalisation
elite
core
periphery
core-periphery
Security Council
academics
textbooks
geopolitics
geopolitical power
economic power
Western
non-Western
unipolar
unipolarity
multilpolar
multipolarity
Anglo-American
language
French
Russian
Chinese
lingua franca
United Kingdom
United States
UK
US
China
Crimea
Ukraine
South China Sea
humanitarian intervention
R2P
responsibility to protect
state sovereignty
cybersecurity
cyber security
information security
liberal
democratic
silos
foreign relations
foreign relations law
actors
materials
understandings
approaches
frames
viewing the world through the eyes of others
communities
sociology
transnational
transnational legal field
nationalising
nationalizing
denationalising
denationalizing
westernising
westernizing
transnational flows
student flows
asymmetry
asymmetrical
education
practice
publication

description: International lawyers are familiar with the question: “Is international law law?” But this thesis instead asks the question: “Is international law international?” Using a variety of methods, this work sheds light on some of the ways in which international law as a transnational legal field is constructed by international law academics, and is conceptualized in international law textbooks, in the five permanent members of the Security Council: the People’s Republic of China, the French Republic, the Russian Federation, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and the United States of America. It explores how different national communities of international lawyers construct and pass on their understandings of “international law” in ways that belie the field’s claim to universality, perpetuating certain forms of difference and dominance. By adopting a comparative approach, it aims to make international lawyers more aware of the frames that shape their own understandings of and approaches to the field, as well as how these might be similar to or different from the frames adopted by those coming from other states, regions or geopolitical groupings. It also examines how some of these patterns might be disrupted as a result of shifts in geopolitical power, such as the movement from unipolar power toward greater multipolarity and the growing confrontations between Western liberal democratic states (like the United States, the United Kingdom, and France) and non-Western authoritarian states (like China and Russia).
More-than-water, more-than-human: a transdisciplinary sociology of water conflict in central Iran
Creators: name: Nabavi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: water conflict, conflict transformation, Actor-Network, assemblage, Zayandeh-Rood river, Iran

description: Water conflict situations represent an intense meeting point of society and nature, particularly in terms of increasing water demand and diminishing resources. However, less tangible interactions also occur in these situations: between hydraulic infrastructure, governments, science and communities. Such connections are often left unidentified because of the assumption of the division between culture and nature and between the human and the nonhuman as separate categories. This thesis argues the water conflicts that our current world seeks to govern—often through technical, apolitical, acultural approaches—are ‘hybridized’ in nature. They are immersed in myriad of nested networks of heterogeneous elements (e.g. humans, technologies, scientific evidence, laws, ideas, and biophysical processes), interacting together and connecting the past, present, and future. Specifically, what is understood in societies as ‘water conflict’ is the outcome of dynamic interactions that continuously form and reform the conflict situation, and determine the social and political orders surrounding it. The thesis argues that we can and should go beyond singular disciplinary viewpoints to unpack this ‘water conflict assemblage’. To this end, it proposes a transdisciplinary frame of analysis, called Actor-Network-Systems (ANSs). The thesis offers a new way to reconceptualise water conflict, including the well-established notion of ‘hydrohegemony’, and ‘hydropolitics’ more generally. The theoretical shift is brought about in two ways: first, by revisiting the meaning and implication of the ‘political’, and the ‘social’ in water research through considering the role of nonhumans; second, by establishing the connection between ‘conflict’ and ‘the future’ and the ways in which it affects the ‘sustainability’ discourse circulated in society. Using the example of the Zayandeh-Rood water conflict in Iran, the study illustrates how different concepts developed in this thesis encourage a higher level of understanding, deeper reflection, and renewed purpose to the study of water conflict. To put the provided insights into practice, the thesis also developed and trialled a form of participatory drama, called Pathways Theatre, as an innovative initiative to influence a conflict situation, so as to transform it into a more sustainable configuration. The Zayandeh-Rood case demonstrates the value and policy-relevance of the approach to real-world conflict transformation.
Asymptotic behavior of Wilson loops from Schroedinger equation on the gauge group
Creators: name: Buividovich, P. V.
name: Kuvshinov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probability distribution of non-Abelian parallel transporters on the group manifold and the corresponding amplitude are investigated for quantum Yang-Mills fields. It is shown that when the Wilson area law and the Casimir scaling hold for the quantum gauge field, this amplitude can be obtained as the solution of the free Schroedinger equation on the gauge group. Solution of this equation is written in terms of the path integral and the corresponding action term is interpreted geometrically. We also note that the partition function of two-dimensional pure Yang-Mills theory living on the surface spanned on the loop solves the obtained equation.
description: 12 pages
High-precision measurements of krypton and xenon isotopes with a new static-mode Quadrupole Ion Trap Mass Spectrometer
Creators: name: Avice, G.
name: Belousov, A.
name: Farley, K. A.
name: Madzunkov, S. M.
name: Simcic, J.
name: Nikolić, D.
name: Darrach, M. R.
name: Sotin, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring the abundance and isotopic composition of noble gases in planetary atmospheres can answer fundamental questions in cosmochemistry and comparative planetology. However, noble gases are rare elements, a feature making their measurement challenging even on Earth. Furthermore, in space applications, power consumption, volume and mass constraints on spacecraft instrument accommodations require the development of compact innovative instruments able to meet the engineering requirements of the mission while still meeting the science requirements. Here we demonstrate the ability of the quadrupole ion trap mass spectrometer (QITMS) developed at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory (Caltech, Pasadena) to measure low quantities of heavy noble gases (Kr, Xe) in static operating mode and in the absence of a buffer gas such as helium. The sensitivity reaches 1E13 cps Torr-1 (about 1011 cps/Pa) of gas (Kr or Xe). The instrument is able to measure gas in static mode for extended periods of time (up to 48 h) enabling the acquisition of thousands of isotope ratios per measurement. Errors on isotope ratios follow predictions of the counting statistics and the instrument provides reproducible results over several days of measurements. For example, 1.7E-10 Torr (2.3E-8 Pa) of Kr measured continuously for 7 hours yielded a 0.6 permil precision on the 86Kr/84Kr ratio. Measurements of terrestrial and extraterrestrial samples reproduce values from the literature. A compact instrument based upon the QITMS design would have a sensitivity high enough to reach the precision on isotope ratios (e.g. better than 1 percent for 129,131-136Xe/130Xe ratios) necessary for a scientific payload measuring noble gases collected in the Venus atmosphere.
description: 42 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables
The polydisperse cell model: Non-linear screening and charge renormalization in colloidal mixtures
Creators: name: Torres, Aldemar
name: Tellez, Gabriel
name: van Roij, Rene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model for the calculation of renormalized charges and osmotic properties of mixtures of highly charged colloidal particles. The model is a generalization of the cell model and the notion of charge renormalization as introduced by Alexander and his collaborators (J. Chem. Phys. 80, 5776 (1984)). The total solution is partitioned into as many different cells as components in the mixture. The radii of these cells are determined self-consistently for a given set of parameters from the solution of the non-linear Poisson-Boltzmann equation with appropriate boundary conditions. This generalizes Alexanders's model where the (unique) Wigner-Seitz cell radius is fixed solely by the colloids packing fraction. We illustrate the technique by considering a binary mixture of colloids with the same sign of charge. The present model can be used to calculate thermodynamic properties of highly charged colloidal mixtures at the level of linear theories, while taking the effect of non-linear screening into account.
Correlation of biophysical properties and cytotoxic potential of recombinant glutamate receptors
Creators: name: Moshaver, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Data from both in vivo and in vitro studies indicate that prolonged exposure of neurons to glutamate results in over-activation of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA)-type receptors, allowing an increase in [Ca²⁺]i and resulting in cell death. However, details of the molecular mechanisms, particularly the role of the NMDA receptor's structure, function, and subunit composition that underlie these events have been difficult to study in neuronal systems. We have co-expressed recombinant NMDA receptors with the marker protein (ß-galactosidase in human embryonic kidney cells and determined the amount of viable transfected cells by immunostaining with NR1 specific antibodies and / or assaying for ß-gal expression. Incubation of NR1 / NR2A/ ß-gal transfected HEK-293 cells in bicarbonate-buffered physiological salt solution for 6 hours resulted in loss of transfected cells when NMDA was included. This effect was dose-dependent with an EC₅₀ between 150-300 | μM NMDA. When these experiments were repeated with cells expressing Ca⁺²-impermeable mutant NR1 (N598R) / NR2A receptors, cell death was diminished by -75%. On the other hand, in experiments with wild-type NR1/NR2Atransfected cells, substitution of N-methyl-glucamine for Na⁺ in the salt solution decreased cell death by 50%, suggesting that cytotoxicity was mediated in part by Na⁺ flux through NMDA receptors. Using this system, it was shown that the rapid desensitization of non-NMDA receptors is protective against agonist-induced cell death. In addition, the effect of zinc on NMDA toxicity was examined. In NR1 / NR2A-transfected cells, zinc reduced the cyotoxicity of NMDA with an IC₅₀ of -500 nM. Furthermore, it was shown that zinc inhibits the peak glutamate-evoked current responses and accelerates desensitization in whole-cell patch clamp recordings from NR1 / NR2A and NR1 / NR2B transfected cells. However, NR1 / NR2A was ~20-fold more sensitive to zinc inhibition than NR1 / NR2B, with IC₅₀S of~500 nM and -10 μM, respectively. Finally, the effect of serum albumin on NMDA toxicity was analyzed. It was shown that serum albumin does not potentiate NMDA toxicity in transfected HEK-293 cells. However, the inhibitory effect of zinc on NMDA toxicity was reduced in the presence of serum albumin. Hence, increased concentrations of serum albumin in the brain observed during pathological conditions, could disrupt the regulatory function of Zn²⁺ on NMDA receptors.
Improving Physical Layer Security for Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface aided NOMA 6G Networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhe
name: Zhang, Chensi
name: Jiang, Chengjun
name: Jia, Fan
name: Ge, Jianhua
name: Gong, Fengkui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The intrinsic integration of the nonorthogonal multiple access (NOMA) and reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) techniques is envisioned to be a promising approach to significantly improve both the spectrum efficiency and energy efficiency for future wireless communication networks. In this paper, the physical layer security (PLS) for a RIS-aided NOMA 6G networks is investigated, in which a RIS is deployed to assist the two "dead zone" NOMA users and both internal and external eavesdropping are considered. For the scenario with only internal eavesdropping, we consider the worst case that the near-end user is untrusted and may try to intercept the information of far-end user. A joint beamforming and power allocation sub-optimal scheme is proposed to improve the system PLS. Then we extend our work to a scenario with both internal and external eavesdropping. Two sub-scenarios are considered in this scenario: one is the sub-scenario without channel state information (CSI) of eavesdroppers, and another is the sub-scenario where the eavesdroppers' CSI are available. For the both sub-scenarios, a noise beamforming scheme is introduced to be against the external eavesdroppers. An optimal power allocation scheme is proposed to further improve the system physical security for the second sub-scenario. Simulation results show the superior performance of the proposed schemes. Moreover, it has also been shown that increasing the number of reflecting elements can bring more gain in secrecy performance than that of the transmit antennas.
Superbunched radiation of a tunnel junction due to charge quantization
Creators: name: Kim, Steven
name: Hassler, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A chaotic light source is characterized by the fact that many independent emitters radiate photons with a random optical phase. This is similar compared to a tunnel junction where many independent channels are able to emit photons due to a coupling to an electromagnetic environment. However, in a recent experiment it has been observed that a tunnel junction can deviate from the expectation of chaotic light and is able to emit strongly correlated, superbunched photons. Motivated by this, we study the correlation of the radiation and show that the superbunching originates from the emission of multiple photons which is possible due to the quantization of charge.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, 3 pages supplemental material
Impact of chirality on active Brownian particle: Exact moments in two and three dimensions
Creators: name: Pattanayak, Anweshika
name: Shee, Amir
name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
name: Chaudhuri, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the effects of chirality, accounting for translational diffusion, on active Brownian particles in two and three dimensions. Despite the inherent complexity in solving the Fokker-Planck equation, we demonstrate a Laplace transform method for precisely calculating the temporal evolution of various dynamic moments. Our analysis yields explicit expressions for multiple moments, such as the second and fourth moments of displacement, revealing the impact of persistence and chirality. These moments exhibit oscillatory behaviour, and excess kurtosis indicates deviations from the Gaussian distribution during intermediate time intervals.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures
The Density and Spectral Energy Distributions of Red Galaxies at z~3.7
Creators: name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: van Dokkum, Pieter G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the deep NIR imaging of the FIRES survey to investigate trends with redshift of the properties of galaxies selected to have strong Balmer/4000A breaks at 21.3 (AB) color criterion designed to select red galaxies at z>2, we propose two color criteria, J-H>0.9 and H-K>0.9, to select red galaxies in two redshift bins at 2=2.4 that satisfy Js-H>0.9; H<23.4 and 23 galaxies with =3.7 that satisfy H-Ks>0.9; Ks<24.6, where the flux limits are chosen to match the limiting rest-frame luminosities at the different median redshifts of the two samples. The space densities of the Js-H and H-Ks samples are 1.5+-0.5x10^-4 and 1.2+-0.4x10^-4 Mpc^-3, respectively. The rest-frame U-B colors of galaxies in both samples are similarly red (as expected from the definition of the color criteria), but the rest-frame UV properties are different: galaxies in the higher-redshift H-K selected sample have blue NUV-optical colors and UV slopes similar to those of Lyman Break Galaxies, while the J-H galaxies are generally red over the entire wavelength range observed. Synthetic template fits indicate that the distinct rest-NUV properties of the two samples are primarily a result of dust: we find mean A_V=1 mag (J-H sample) and A_V=0.2 mag (H-K). The median stellar mass determined from the template fits decreases by a factor of ~5 from z=2.4 to 3.7, which, coupled with the fact that the space density of such galaxies remains roughly constant, may imply that the stellar mass density in red galaxies decreases by a similar factor over this redshift range.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures ; accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Kondo effect in asymmetric Josephson couplings through a quantum dot
Creators: name: Tanaka, Yoshihide
name: Oguri, Akira
name: Hewson, A. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asymmetry in the Josephson couplings between two superconductors through a quantum dot is studied based on a single impurity Anderson model using the numerical renormalization group (NRG). Specifically, we examine how the difference between the couplings Γ_L and Γ_R affects the ground state, which is known to show a quantum phase transition between a nonmagnetic singlet and a magnetic doublet depending on the various parameters; the Coulomb interaction U, onsite potential ε_d, level width Γ_L, Γ_R, caused by the hybridization, and superconducting gaps Δ_L and Δ_R for the leads on the left and right. Our results show that whether the local moment is fully screened or not depends substantially on the asymmetry in the couplings Γ_L \neq Γ_R. It tends to make the singlet ground state stable, while the size and phase difference of the two superconducting gaps tend to suppress the screening. We also discuss some general symmetry properties of the system and their relation to the current conservation.
description: 11 pages,11 figs: Equation (A9) has been corrected. It does not affect any other results of the paper
Reconstructing Curves from Sparse Samples on Riemannian Manifolds
Creators: name: Marin, Diana
name: Maggioli, Filippo
name: Melzi, Simone
name: Ohrhallinger, Stefan
name: Wimmer, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3; I.3.5
subject: 68U05

description: Reconstructing 2D curves from sample points has long been a critical challenge in computer graphics, finding essential applications in vector graphics. The design and editing of curves on surfaces has only recently begun to receive attention, primarily relying on human assistance, and where not, limited by very strict sampling conditions. In this work, we formally improve on the state-of-the-art requirements and introduce an innovative algorithm capable of reconstructing closed curves directly on surfaces from a given sparse set of sample points. We extend and adapt a state-of-the-art planar curve reconstruction method to the realm of surfaces while dealing with the challenges arising from working on non-Euclidean domains. We demonstrate the robustness of our method by reconstructing multiple curves on various surface meshes. We explore novel potential applications of our approach, allowing for automated reconstruction of curves on Riemannian manifolds.
Calculating radio emissions of positive streamer phenomena using 3D simulations
Creators: name: Malla, Hemaditya
name: Hare, Brian M.
name: Cummer, Steven
name: Guo, Yihao
name: Malagón-Romero, Alejandro
name: Nijdam, Sander
name: Ebert, Ute
name: Teunissen, Jannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study radio emissions from positive streamers in air using 3D simulations, from which the radiated electric field is computed by solving Jefimenko's equations. The simulations are performed at 0.5 bar using two photoionization methods: the Helmholtz approximation for a photon density and a Monte Carlo method using discrete photons, with the latter being the most realistic. We consider cases with single streamers, streamer branching, streamers interacting with preionization and streamer-streamer encounters. We do not observe a strong VHF radio signal during or after branching, which is confirmed by lab experiments. This indicates that the current inside a streamer discharges evolves approximately continuously during branching. On the other hand, stochastic fluctuations in streamer propagation due to Monte Carlo photoionization lead to more radio emission being emitted at frequencies of 100 MHz and above. Another process that leads to such high-frequency emission is the interaction of a streamer with a weakly preionized region, which can be present due to a previous discharge. In agreement with previous work, we observe the strongest and highest-frequency emission from streamer encounters. The amount of total energy that is radiated seems to depend primarily on the background electric field, and less on the particular streamer evolution. Finally, we present approximations for the maximal current along a streamer channel and a fit formula for a streamer's current moment.
Experimental investigation of the return flow instability in magnetic spherical Couette flow
Creators: name: Ogbonna, Jude
name: Garcia, Ferran
name: Gundrum, Thomas
name: Seilmayer, Martin
name: Stefani, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct magnetic spherical Couette (MSC) flow experiments in the return flow instability regime with GaInSn as the working fluid, and the ratio of the inner to the outer sphere radii $r_{\rm i}/r_{\rm o} = 0.5$, the Reynolds number ${\rm Re} = 1000$, and the Hartmann number ${\rm Ha} \in [27.5,40]$. Rotating waves with different azimuthal wavenumbers $m \in \{2, 3, 4\}$ manifest in certain ranges of ${\rm Ha}$ in the experiments, depending on whether the values of ${\rm Ha}$ were fixed or varied from different initial values. These observations demonstrate the multistability of rotating waves, which we attribute to the dynamical system representing the state of the MSC flow tending to move along the same solution branch of the bifurcation diagram when ${\rm Ha}$ is varied. In experiments with both fixed and varying ${\rm Ha}$, the rotation frequencies of the rotating waves are consistent with the results of nonlinear stability analysis. A brief numerical investigation shows that differences in the azimuthal wavenumbers of the rotating waves that develop in the flow also depend on the azimuthal modes that are initially excited.
Jamã jawa mĩjãi nỹ ("Nomes de carne de veado")
Creators: name: Mỹky, Kamtinuwy
name: Bardagil Mas, Bernat
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: irn

description: Figura informativa com vocabulário de tipos de carne de um veado, feito por Kamtinuwy.
Informative picture with the names for various cuts of deer meat in Mỹky, done by Kamtinuwy.
Painting war: memory making and australia's official war art scheme, 1916 - 1922
Creators: name: Hutchison, Margaret
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT : The Australian National University
Year: 2015

description: For almost a century the official collection of Great War art held at the Australian War Museum (later the Australian War Memorial) has played an important role in articulating and perpetuating memories of the conflict. Yet, there has been little analysis of how or by whom this collection was created. This thesis seeks to address this gap by exploring the processes by which over two thousand official sketches and paintings were commissioned and acquired from the scheme’s inception in London in 1916 through to its first exhibition in Melbourne in 1922, a period that was the most productive era in the history of the programme and during which the foundations for later commissioning of Australian paintings of the war were laid. By approaching this art scheme as a key commemorative practice of the Great War, 1 argue that amassing a collection of official art was a fluid and dynamic process that was driven by multiple actors. This thesis examines not only the role of official war artists but also the part played by the politicians, government officials and military personnel commissioning them. It examines these ‘agents of memory7’, focusing on those men who managed the art scheme, primarily, Henry Smart, Publicity Officer at the Australian High Commission in London, John Treloar, Officer in Charge of the Australian War Records Section and later Director of the Australian War Museum, and Charles Bean, Australia’s official war correspondent and historian. By exploring their selection and rejection of artists and subjects for official paintings, this thesis contends that these men influenced the character of the collection, thereby profoundly framing a memory of the Great War for Australia. By making comparisons with Canada’s war art programme, which also sought to differentiate the dominion’s wartime experience from other nations’ within the British Empire, I explore the points where the Australian scheme was distinctive and where it mirrored broader trends in the commemoration of the war in art. In doing so, I examine the priorities of Australian commemoration as Smart, Bean and Treloar privileged canvases that depicted the Australian troops’ efforts on the battlefield over other wartime activities, presenting a limited and narrow aspect of the nation’s wartime experience. Further, 1 explore the intervention of these men in how such images represented this experience, finding that they emphasised the eyewitness value of the art over its aesthetic merit. Drawing on original textual material and rich visual sources from the archives, this thesis examines the process of memory7 making under Australia’s first official war art scheme, exploring the genesis of an important and enduring commemorative practice.
Supplementary document for An intelligent scoring system based on dynamic optical breast imaging for early detection of breast cancer - 6815277.pdf
Creators: name: Li, Yaoyao
name: Zhang, Yipei
name: Yu, Qiang
name: He, Chenglong
name: Yuan, Xiguo
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary Material
Thermal conduction in molecular chains: Non-Markovian effects
Creators: name: Segal, Dvira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of non-Markovian reservoirs on the heat conduction properties of short to intermediate size molecular chains. Using classical molecular dynamics simulations, we show that the distance dependence of the heat current is determined not only by the molecular properties, rather it is also critically influenced by the spectral properties of the heat baths for both harmonic and anharmonic molecular chains. For highly correlated reservoirs the current of an anharmonic chain may exceed the flux of the corresponding harmonic system. Our numerical results are accompanied by a simple single-mode heat conduction model that can capture the intricate distance dependence obtained numerically.
Kinetic network in Milestoning: Clustering, reduction, and transition path analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Ru
name: Ji, Xiaojun
name: Wang, Hao
name: Liu, Wenjian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a reduction of Milestoning (ReM) algorithm to analyze the high-dimensional Milestoning kinetic network. The algorithm reduces the Milestoning network to low dimensions but preserves essential kinetic information, such as local residence time, exit time, and mean first passage time between any two states. This is achieved in three steps. First, nodes (milestones) in the high-dimensional Milestoning network are grouped into clusters based on the metastability identified by an auxiliary continuous-time Markov chain. Our clustering method is applicable not only to time-reversible networks but also to non-reversible networks generated from practical simulations with statistical fluctuations. Second, a reduced network is established via network transformation, containing only the core sets of clusters as nodes. Finally, transition pathways are analyzed in the reduced network based on the transition path theory. The algorithm is illustrated using a toy model and a solvated alanine dipeptide in two and four dihedral angles.
Scintillation index for two Gaussian laser beams with different wavelengths in weak atmospheric turbulence
Creators: name: Peleg, Avner
name: Moloney, Jerome V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study propagation of two lowest order Gaussian laser beams with different wavelengths in weak atmospheric turbulence. Using the Rytov approximation and assuming a slow detector we calculate the longitudinal and radial components of the scintillation index for a typical free space laser communication setup. We find the optimal configuration of the two laser beams with respect to the longitudinal scintillation index. We show that the value of the longitudinal scintillation for the optimal two-beam configuration is smaller by more than 50% compared with the value for a single lowest order Gaussian beam with the same total power. Furthermore, the radial scintillation for the optimal two-beam system is smaller by 35%-40% compared with the radial scintillation in the single beam case. Further insight into the reduction of intensity fluctuations is gained by analyzing the self- and cross-intensity contributions to the scintillation index.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures. Submitted to J. Opt. Soc. Am. A