cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Knowledge of cervical cancer and HPV vaccine in Bangladeshi women: a population based, cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Islam, Jessica Y
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of cervical cancer among Bangladeshi women and to assess their willingness to receive the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine. Methods A population-based, cross-sectional survey was conducted from July to December 2011 in one urban and one rural area of Bangladesh. A total of 2037 ever-married women, aged 14 to 64 years, were interviewed using a structured questionnaire. Data on socio-demographic characteristics and knowledge of cervical cancer were collected. Willingness to receive the HPV vaccine was assessed. Univariate analyses were completed using quantitative data collected. Multivariable logistic regression models were developed to identify factors associated with having heard of cervical cancer and the HPV vaccine. Results The majority of study participants reported to have heard of cervical cancer (urban: 89.7%, rural 93.4%; P = 0.003). The odds of having heard of cervical cancer were significantly higher in urban women aged 35–44 years (aOR: 2.92 (1.34–6.33) and rural women aged 25–34 years (aOR: 2.90 (1.24–6.73) compared to those aged less than 24 years. Very few women reported to have detailed knowledge on risk factors (urban:9.1%, rural: 8.8%) and prevention (urban: 6.4%, rural: 4.4%) of cervical cancer. In our sample, one in five urban women and one in twenty rural women heard about a vaccine that can prevent cervical cancer. Among urban women, secondary education or higher (aOR: 3.48, 95% CI: 1.67–7.25), age of 20 years and above at marriage (aOR: 2.83, 95% CI: 1.61–5.00), and high socioeconomic status (aOR: 2.25, 95% CI: 1.28–3.95) were factors associated with having heard of the HPV vaccine. Willingness to receive the HPV vaccine among study participants either for themselves (urban: 93.9%, rural: 99.4%) or for their daughters (urban: 91.8%, rural: 99.2%) was high. Conclusions Detailed knowledge of cervical cancer among Bangladeshi women was found to be poor. Education on cervical cancer must include information on symptoms, risk factors, and preventive methods. Despite poor knowledge, the study population was willing to receive the HPV vaccine.
The strange evolution of the Large Magellanic Cloud Cepheid OGLE-LMC-CEP1812
Creators: name: Neilson, Hilding R.
name: Izzard, Robert G.
name: Langer, Norbert
name: Ignace, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Cepheids are key probes of both stellar astrophysics and cosmology as standard candles and pulsating variable stars. It is important to understand Cepheids in unprecedented detail in preparation for upcoming GAIA, JWST and extremely-large telescope observations. Cepheid eclipsing binary stars are ideal tools for achieving this goal, however there are currently only three known systems. One of those systems, OGLE-LMC-CEP1812, raises new questions about the evolution of classical Cepheids because of an apparent age discrepancy between the Cepheid and its red giant companion. We show that the Cepheid component is actually the product of a stellar merger of two main sequence stars that has since evolved across the Hertzsprung gap of the HR diagram. This post-merger product appears younger than the companion, hence the apparent age discrepancy is resolved. We discuss this idea and consequences for understanding Cepheid evolution.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted to A&A
title: Sonographic findings of epididymal masses
Creators: name: Pozuelo Segura, Cristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Ultrasound-Power Doppler
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Pathology
subject: Inflammation
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this study is to present the imaging findings of the epidiymal masses and to analyse the role of US in the diagnosis To become aware of common differential...
title: von Hippel-Lindau disease: much more than cysts
Creators: name: Rego Costa, Francisco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Genetic defects

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the most common abdominal manifestations/lesions of von-Hippel-Lindau (VHL) disease; To recognize the imaging specificities of the lesions when they occur in patients suffering from this disease; To increase awareness for the need to...
title: Variants of the middle colic vein depicted by three-dimensional computed tomography angiography before laparoscopic surgery
Creators: name: Ishihara, Yumi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Normal variants
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: Anatomy
subject: Abdomen
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this poster presentation is to show the anatomic variants of the middle colic vein (MCV) with three-dimensional computed tomography angiography (3-D...
Grieving experiences of parents with children in end-of-life care – a qualitative review protocol
Creators: name: Correia, Maria
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pediatric Nursing
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Parents that accompany their children in end-of-life care until death go through a devastating, complex and vulnerable situation, which is experienced in a unique way and with individual needs, given the specificity of the palliative care setting in which it occurs. Objective: To identify and synthesise the best evidence available on Grieving experiences of parents with children in end-of-life care following their death in a palliative care setting. This Qualitative Review Protocol according to the review method proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. The results will enable us to identify how parents of children in end-of-life care in a palliative care setting experience their grieving process. Conclusion: This review will broaden the horizon of understanding of the specificities of the grieving experience of parents who have accompanied their children in end-of-life care until their death in a palliative care setting and promote research in this context.
Bernstein--Doetsch type theorems with Tabor type error terms for set-valued maps
Creators: name: Gilányi, Attila
name: Gonzales, Carlos
name: Nikodem, Kazimierz
name: Páles, Zsolt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate set-valued maps of strongly and approximately Jensen convex and Jensen concave type. We present counterparts of the Bernstein--Doetsch Theorem with Tabor type error terms.
Protocol: A Scoping Review of Tailoring in Pediatric Obesity Interventions
Creators: name: Fu, Emily
name: Smith, Justin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Inconsistent application of terms hinders the ability to adequately understand the efficacy of intervention characteristics such as tailoring. A considerable number of tailored interventions may resemble targeted or other types of interventions instead. This is particularly important in the field of pediatric obesity where there is a multiplicity of intervention characteristics that could benefit the family but the misuse of terms obfuscate the perceived impacts of tailoring. Therefore, we plan to conduct a scoping review to explore how tailoring is being conceptualized in pediatric obesity interventions.
Prevention of the sexual transmission of HIV-1: preparing for success
Creators: name: Cohen, Myron
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2008

description: Abstract There are four opportunities for HIV prevention: before exposure, at the moment of exposure, immediately after exposure, and as secondary prevention focused on infected subjects. Until recently, most resources have been directed toward behavioral strategies aimed at preventing exposure entirely. Recognizing that these strategies are not enough to contain the epidemic, investigators are turning their attention to post-exposure prevention opportunities. There is increasing focus on the use of ART–either systemic or topical (microbicides)–to prevent infection at the moment of exposure. Likewise, there is growing evidence that ART treatment of infected people could serve as prevention as well. A number of ongoing clinical trials will shed some light on the potential of these approaches. Above all, prevention of HIV requires decision-makers to focus resources on strategies that are most effective. Finally, treatment of HIV and prevention of HIV must be considered and deployed together.
Phase diagram and nucleation in the Polyakov-loop-extended Quark-Meson truncation of QCD with the unquenched Polyakov-loop potential
Creators: name: Stiele, Rainer
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unquenching of the Polyakov-loop potential showed to be an important improvement for the description of the phase structure and thermodynamics of strongly-interacting matter at zero quark chemical potentials with Polyakov-loop extended chiral models. This work constitutes the first application of the quark backreaction on the Polyakov-loop potential at nonzero density. The observation is that it links the chiral and deconfinement phase transition also at small temperatures and large quark chemical potentials. The build up of the surface tension in the Polyakov-loop extended Quark-Meson model is explored by investigating the two and 2+1-flavour Quark-Meson model and analysing the impact of the Polyakov-loop extension. In general, the order of magnitude of the surface tension is given by the chiral phase transition. The coupling of the chiral and deconfinement transition with the unquenched Polyakov-loop potential leads to the fact that the Polyakov-loop contributes at all temperatures.
description: 28 pages, 13 figures; version published in Phys. Rev. D
A living interactive systematic review and network meta-analysis assessing adjuvant treatment options in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Naqvi, Syed
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neoplasms
subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: This living review was conducted to assess the comparative effectiveness of different adjuvant treatment options in patients with localized renal cell carcinoma undergoing nephrectomy and to quantify the absolute benefits associated with the use of adjuvant treatments in these patients stratified by different clinicopathological risk groups.
An analysis of Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase and Glutathione S-transferase omega-1 genes as modifiers of the cerebral response to ischemia.
Creators: name: Dutra, Ana
name: Grewal, Raji P
name: Peddareddygari, Leema
name: Sen, Souvik
name: Levenstien, Mark A
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Background Cerebral ischemia involves a series of reactions which ultimately influence the final volume of a brain infarction. We hypothesize that polymorphisms in genes encoding proteins involved in these reactions could act as modifiers of the cerebral response to ischemia and impact the resultant stroke volume. The final volume of a cerebral infarct is important as it correlates with the morbidity and mortality associated with non-lacunar ischemic strokes. Methods The proteins encoded by the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) and glutathione S-transferase omega-1 (GSTO-1) genes are, through oxidative mechanisms, key participants in the cerebral response to ischemia. On the basis of these biological activities, they were selected as candidate genes for further investigation. We analyzed the C677T polymorphism in the MTHFR gene and the C419A polymorphism in the GSTO-1 gene in 128 patients with non-lacunar ischemic strokes. Results We found no significant association of either the MTHFR (p = 0.72) or GSTO-1 (p = 0.58) polymorphisms with cerebral infarct volume. Conclusion Our study shows no major gene effect of either the MTHFR or GSTO-1 genes as a modifier of ischemic stroke volume. However, given the relatively small sample size, a minor gene effect is not excluded by this investigation.
title: Differentiating malignant bone tumors from benign bone lesions with the semiquantitative analyses of thallium-201 scintigraphy.
Creators: name: Inai, Ryota
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Bones

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Several studies have been reported 201-Tl scintigraphy is an effective diagnostic tool to differentiate malignancy from benign soft tissue tumors [1-10]. However, there are little published data for 201-Tl scintigraphy dealing with only bone lesions...
Cryogenic preamplification of a single-electron-transistor using a silicon-germanium heterojunction-bipolar-transistor
Creators: name: Curry, M. J.
name: England, T. D.
name: Bishop, N. C.
name: Ten-Eyck, G.
name: Wendt, J. R.
name: Pluym, T.
name: Lilly, M. P.
name: Carr, S. M.
name: Carroll, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a silicon-germanium heterojunction bipolar transistor (HBT) for cryogenic pre-amplification of a single electron transistor (SET). The SET current modulates the base current of the HBT directly. The HBT-SET circuit is immersed in liquid helium, and its frequency response from low frequency to several MHz is measured. The current gain and the noise spectrum with the HBT result in a signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) that is a factor of 10-100 larger than without the HBT at lower frequencies. The transition frequency defined by SNR = 1 has been extended by as much as a factor of 10 compared to without the HBT amplification. The power dissipated by the HBT cryogenic pre-amplifier is approximately 5 nW to 5 μW for the investigated range of operation. The circuit is also operated in a single electron charge read-out configuration in the time-domain as a proof-of-principle demonstration of the amplification approach for single spin read-out.
description: Reprinted with permission from M. J. Curry, et alii. Copyright 2015, AIP Publishing LLC. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and the AIP Publishing LLC. 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Let’s Call It what It Is: Hybrid Threats and Instrumentalisation as the Evolution of Securitisation in Migration Management
Creators: name: Gkliati, Mariana
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: instrumentalisation
subject: hybrid threats
subject: external borders
subject: fundamental rights
subject: pushbacks
subject: securitisation

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2023 8(2), 561-578
description: European Forum Insight of 27 september 2023
description: I. Introduction. - II. Pushbacks and their human rights implications. - III. Instrumentalisation as justification for pushbacks in national rhetoric and law. - IV. Instrumentalisation arguments infiltrating the EU. - V. EU regulatory responses to “hybrid threats”. - VI. The worst of a series of bad legislative proposals. - VII. Fundamentally different situation on the ground? - VIII. Conclusion and discussion.
description: This Insight examines the discourse surrounding the instrumentalisation of migration and its impact on monitoring the EU’s external borders. It analyses the regulatory response, focusing on the Instrumentalisation Regulation, to determine if an exceptional emergency response is justified. The article explores recent arguments regarding changes in factual circumstances, such as pushbacks and their human rights implications. It also investigates the invocation of hybrid threats and instrumentalisation of migrants in national legal contexts (Greece, Spain, Poland, Lithuania and Latvia) to justify systematic pushback practices. The Insight discusses EU institutions’ adoption of these arguments and their inclusion in legislative proposals. The article critically examines the regulatory proposals from a fundamental rights perspective, questioning the extent to which the existing protection framework can be derogated. The Insight assesses whether a fundamental shift has occurred and if it warrants an exceptional response to safeguard the Area of Freedom Security and Justice, Schengen, and the Common European Asylum System. It offers an “insight” contributing to the ongoing scholarly conversation by providing a timely analysis of the legal implications of the instrumentalisation of migration, considering it as a continuation of the securitisation paradigm rather than a paradigm shift requiring an exceptional emergency response, as exemplified by the proposed Instrumentalisation Regulation.
"Climatic and biotic interactions in terrestrial systems during ancient warm periods" - doctoral dissertation [supplemental data]
Creators: name: Widlansky, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Earth Sciences

description: Rock magnetic and paleomagnetic data, as well as detrital zircon U-Pb data can be found under "Files". See the Wiki page for general help navigating the project files and individual README files in each folder for more information on the contents.
Manuscript: Identity formation, body image and body-related symptoms: Developmental trajectories and associations throughout adolescence.
Creators: name: Vankerckhoven, Lore
name: Raemen, Leni
name: Palmeroni, Nina
name: luyckx, koen
name: Eggermont, Steven
name: Claes, Laurence
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Adolescents
subject: Body image
subject: Body-related symptoms
subject: Identity

description: The present study used three-wave longitudinal data spanning two years to (1) identify different identity trajectory classes (based on five interrelated commitment and exploration-processes) among adolescents and examine if these trajectory classes differ on gender, age, and BMI at baseline; and (2) examine how these identity trajectory classes are related to differential development in negative and positive body image and various body-related variables and symptoms (i.e., eating disorder symptoms, sociocultural pressures and internalization of societal appearance ideals, appearance comparison, and self-objectification).
Differential inhibition of postnatal brain, spinal cord and body growth by a growth hormone antagonist
Creators: name: Lund, Pauline Kay
name: Hoke, VB
name: Fuller, CR
name: McIlwain, David L
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract Background Growth hormone (GH) plays an incompletely understood role in the development of the central nervous system (CNS). In this study, we use transgenic mice expressing a growth hormone antagonist (GHA) to explore the role of GH in regulating postnatal brain, spinal cord and body growth into adulthood. The GHA transgene encodes a protein that inhibits the binding of GH to its receptor, specifically antagonizing the trophic effects of endogenous GH. Results Before 50 days of postnatal age, GHA reduces spinal cord weight more than brain weight, but less than body weight. Thereafter, GHA ceases to inhibit the increase in body weight, which approaches control levels by day 150. In contrast, GHA continues to act on the CNS after day 50, reducing spinal cord growth to a greater extent and for a longer duration than brain growth. Conclusions Judging from its inhibition by GHA, GH differentially affects the magnitude, velocity and duration of postnatal growth of the brain, spinal cord and body. GH promotes body enlargement more than CNS growth early in postnatal life. Later, its CNS effects are most obvious in the spinal cord, which continues to exhibit GH dependence well into adulthood. As normal CNS growth slows, so does its inhibition by GHA, suggesting that reduced trophic effects of GH contribute to the postnatal slowing of CNS growth. GHA is a highly useful tool for studying the role of endogenous GH on organ-specific growth during aging.
title: Intra and inter-observer analysis in diagnosis of esophageal cancer depth using 1.5T MRI finding
Creators: name: Onodera, Yuya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: MR
subject: Decision analysis
subject: Pathology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction; Esophageal cancer as well as pancreatic cancer and biliary tract cancer is one of gastrointestinal cancers with poor prognosis [1, 2], and is frequently to be found as yet advanced cancer [3, 4]. Thekey prognosticfactor remainscurative...
A uniform Birkhoff theorem
Creators: name: Schneider, Friedrich Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Garret Birkhoff's HSP theorem characterizes the classes of models of algebraic theories as those being closed with respect to homomorphic images, subalgebras, and products. In particular, it implies that an algebra $\mathbf{B}$ satisfies all equations that hold in an algebra $\mathbf{A}$ of the same type if and only if $\mathbf{B}$ is a homomorphic image of a subalgebra of a (possibly infinite) direct power of $\mathbf{A}$. The former statement is equivalent to the existence of a natural map sending term functions of the algebra $\mathbf{A}$ to those of $\mathbf{B}$, and it is natural to wonder about continuity properties of this mapping. We show that this map is uniformly continuous if and only if every finitely generated subalgebra of $\mathbf{B}$ is a homomorphic image of a subalgebra of a finite power of $\mathbf{A}$ -- without any additional assumptions concerning the algebras $\mathbf{A}$ and $\mathbf{B}$. Moreover, provided that $\mathbf{A}$ is almost locally finite (for instance if $\mathbf{A}$ is locally oligomorphic or locally finite), the considered map is uniformly continuous if and only if it is Cauchy-continuous. In particular, our results extend a recent theorem by Bodirsky and Pinsker beyond the countable $ω$-categorical setting.
description: 15 pages
title: Role of colonic distention at CT with water enema and CT colonography in inducing incidental physiologic sliding hiatal hernia
Creators: name: Revelli, Matteo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hernia
subject: Education and training
subject: Economics
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Stomach (incl. Oesophagus)
subject: Colon
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Although a barium-contrast radiography originally constituted the first development in diagnosing hiatal hernia (HH) and gastroesophageal reflux, nowadays conventional radiology is no more an accurate investigation for their...
Seismic hazard mapping
Creators: name: Schneider, Max
name: Schweizer, Pia-Johanna
name: Cotton, Fabrice
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Communication
subject: Geophysics and Seismology
subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Graphic Communications
subject: Earth Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In the attached document, we register a study testing the effectiveness of several seismic hazard maps for Germany.
UntitledInterventions for alcohol-related harms/reduction among transgender and non-binary people: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Montemayor, Ana
name: Connolly, Dean
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Feminist, Gender, and Sexuality Studies
subject: Substance Abuse and Addiction
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Studies
subject: Addiction
subject: Alcohol Abuse
subject: Non-binary
subject: Transgender

description: A scoping review aimed to map the existing literature about the existing alcohol-reduction interventions for transgender and non-binary people.
Cotangent models for integrable systems
Creators: name: Kiesenhofer, Anna
name: Miranda, Eva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We associate cotangent models to a neighbourhood of a Liouville torus in symplectic and Poisson manifolds focusing on a special class called $b$-Poisson/$b$-symplectic manifolds. The semilocal equivalence with such models uses the corresponding action-angle coordinate theorems in these settings: the theorem of Liouville-Mineur-Arnold [A74] for symplectic manifolds and an action-angle theorem for regular Liouville tori in Poisson manifolds [LMV11]. Our models comprise regular Liouville tori of Poisson manifolds but also consider the Liouville tori on the singular locus of a $b$-Poisson manifold. For this latter class of Poisson structures we define a twisted cotangent model. The equivalence with this twisted cotangent model is given by an action-angle theorem recently proved in [KMS16]. This viewpoint of cotangent models provides a new machinery to construct examples of integrable systems, which are especially valuable in the $b$-symplectic case where not many sources of examples are known. At the end of the paper we introduce non-degenerate singularities as lifted cotangent models on $b$-symplectic manifolds and discuss some generalizations of these models to general Poisson manifolds.
description: 25 pages; final version to appear at Communications in Mathematical Physics
title: Inguinoscrotal pathology on CT: An alternative perspective
Creators: name: Daimiel Naranjo, Isaac
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Complications
subject: CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: Trauma

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To review the imaging appearance on CT of testicular and inguinoscrotal...
Hard X-ray emitting energetic electrons and photospheric electric currents
Creators: name: Musset, Sophie
name: Vilmer, Nicole
name: Bommier, Véronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy released during solar flares is believed to be stored in non-potential magnetic fields associated with electric currents flowing in the corona. While no measurements of coronal electric currents are presently available, maps of photospheric electric currents can now be derived from SDO/HMI observations. Photospheric electric currents have been shown to be the tracers of the coronal electric currents. Particle acceleration can result from electric fields associated with coronal electric currents. We revisit here some aspects of the relationship between particle acceleration in solar flares and electric currents in the active region. We study the relation between the energetic electron interaction sites in the solar atmosphere, and the magnitudes and changes of vertical electric current densities measured at the photospheric level, during the X2.2 flare on February 15 2011 in AR NOAA 11158. X-ray images from RHESSI are overlaid on magnetic field and electric current density maps calculated from the spectropolarimetric measurements of SDO/HMI using the UNNOFIT inversion and Metcalf disambiguation codes. X-ray images are also compared with EUV images from SDO/AIA to complement the flare analysis. Part of the elongated X-ray emissions from both thermal and non-thermal electrons overlay the elongated narrow current ribbons observed at the photospheric level. A new X-ray source at 50-100 keV (produced by non-thermal electrons) is observed in the course of the flare and is cospatial with a region in which new vertical photospheric currents appeared during the same period (increase of 15%). These observational results are discussed in the context of the scenarios in which magnetic reconnection (and subsequent plasma heating and particle acceleration) occurs at current-carrying layers in the corona.
Evolution of popularity in given names
Creators: name: Lee, Mi Jin
name: Jo, Woo Seong
name: Yi, Il Gu
name: Baek, Seung Ki
name: Kim, Beom Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An individual's identity in a human society is specified by his or her name. Differently from family names, usually inherited from fathers, a given name for a child is often chosen at the parents' disposal. However, their decision cannot be made in a vacuum but affected by social conventions and trends. Furthermore, such social pressure changes in time, as new names gain popularity while some other names are gradually forgotten. In this paper, we investigate how popularity of given names has evolved over the last century by using datasets collected in Korea, the province of Quebec in Canada, and the United States. In each of these countries, the average popularity of given names exhibits typical patterns of rise and fall with a time scale of about one generation. We also observe that notable changes of diversity in given names signal major social changes.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Does Tumor Volume have a prognostic role in Oropharyngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Russo, Elena
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Increasing evidence supports the role of tumor volume as a prognostic marker in head and neck cancer (HNC), specifically, in the glottis, supraglottis, hypopharynx and nasopharynx treated by primary radiotherapy. However, studies on the oropharyngeal carcinomas have yielded mixed results. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the prognostic value of tumor volume in oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC). In particular, we calculated the hazard ratio (HR) of overall survival (OS), disease-free survival (DFS) and locoregional control (LRC) of high values for primary and nodal tumor volume (pTV and nTV, respectively), compared to those of low values. Our findings based on 1417 patients with OPSCC showed that pTV and nTV are not predictors of OS, and they may not be used as prognostic factors in OPSCCs. Moreover, the difference in terms of DFS and LRC was too small to appear clinically relevant.
Extragalactic plus Galactic model for IceCube neutrino events
Creators: name: Palladino, Andrea
name: Vissani, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hypothesis that high energy cosmic neutrinos are power law distributed is critically analyzed. We propose a model with two components that explains better the observations. The extragalactic component of the high energy neutrino flux has a canonical $E_ν^{-2}$ spectrum while the galactic component has a $E_ν^{-2.7}$ spectrum; both of them are significant. This model has several implications, that can be tested by IceCube and ANTARES in the next years. Moreover, the existence of a diffuse component close to the Galactic plane and that yields (20-30)\% of IceCube's events, is interesting for the future $\mbox{km}^3$ neutrino telescopes located in the Northern Hemisphere and for gamma ray telescopes aiming at measuring events till few 100 TeV from the Southern sky.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures. Existence of galactic component supported also by the interpretation of passing-muons and angular distribution. Submitted to APJ
Ionic liquid and microwave irradiation synergism for efficient biodiesel synthesis from waste cooking oil
Creators: name: Kavlak, Adile
name: Sönmez, Özgür
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Ionic liquid (IL) and microwave irradiation synergism was successfully employed in the catalytic conversion of waste cooking oil (WCO) into biodiesel: 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium hydrogen sulfate ([Bmim]HSO4) was used as an IL catalyst, and tested parameters influencing the biodiesel conversion were reaction time and reaction temperature, catalyst amount, and the methanol:oil molar ratio. A biodiesel conversion of 93.4% was achieved in a reaction time of 4 h, at a reaction temperature of 150°C, using a methanol:oil molar ratio of 28:1, and 10 wt% of [Bmim]HSO4. A comparison was made between conventional and microwave methods. While high conversion was achieved after 4 h with the microwave method, high conversion was achieved after 6 h with the conventional method. A kinetic study was also carried out for biodiesel conversion, and the activation energy and pre-exponential factor were found to be 73.30 kJ/mol and 1.36 × 107min−1, respectively. Finally, the properties of the produced biodiesel were assessed, and it was found to be compatible with fuel specifications based on the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) D6751 standard.
Integration opportunities for HIV and family planning services in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: an organizational network analysis
Creators: name: Thomas, James C.
name: Bevc, Christine A
name: Reynolds, Heidi
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2014

description: Abstract Background Public health resources are often deployed in developing countries by foreign governments, national governments, civil society and the private health clinics, but seldom in ways that are coordinated within a particular community or population. The lack of coordination results in inefficiencies and suboptimal results. Organizational network analysis can reveal how organizations interact with each other and provide insights into means of realizing better public health results from the resources already deployed. Our objective in this study was to identify the missed opportunities for the integration of HIV care and family planning services and to inform future network strengthening. Methods In two sub-cities of Addis Ababa, we identified each organization providing either HIV care or family planning services. We interviewed representatives of each of them about exchanges of clients with each of the others. With network analysis, we identified network characteristics in each sub-city network, such as referral density and centrality; and gaps in the referral patterns. The results were shared with representatives from the organizations. Results The two networks were of similar size (25 and 26 organizations) and had referral densities of 0.115 and 0.155 out of a possible range from 0 (none) to 1.0 (all possible connections). Two organizations in one sub-city did not refer HIV clients to a family planning organization. One organization in one sub-city and seven in the other offered few HIV services and did not refer clients to any other HIV service provider. Representatives from the networks confirmed the results reflected their experience and expressed an interest in establishing more links between organizations. Conclusions Because of organizations not working together, women in the two sub-cities were at risk of not receiving needed family planning or HIV care services. Facilitating referrals among a few organizations that are most often working in isolation could remediate the problem, but the overall referral densities suggests that improved connections throughout might benefit conditions in addition to HIV and family planning that need service integration.
title: Rupture of abdominal aortic aneurysm: Computed tomography findings
Creators: name: Mota, Alexandre
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Aneurysms

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognize the computed tomography (CT) findings of abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) rupture. To illustrate CT findings of contained AAA rupture. Toreview CT imaging features suggesting imminent AAA...
Trapping and guiding surface plasmons in curved graphene landscapes
Creators: name: Smirnova, Daria
name: Mousavi, S. Hossein
name: Wang, Zheng
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
name: Khanikaev, Alexander B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that graphene placed on top of structured substrates offers a novel approach for trapping and guiding surface plasmons. A monolayer graphene with a spatially varying curvature exhibits an effective trapping potential for graphene plasmons near curved areas such as bumps, humps and wells. We derive the governing equation for describing such localized channel plasmons guided by curved graphene and validate our theory by the first-principle numerical simulations. The proposed confinement mechanism enables plasmon guiding by the regions of maximal curvature, and it offers a versatile platform for manipulating light in planar landscapes. In addition, isolated deformations of graphene such as bumps are shown to support localized surface modes and resonances suggesting a new way to engineer plasmonic metasurfaces.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of artesunate and dihydroartemisinin following oral treatment in pregnant women with asymptomatic Plasmodium falciparum infections in Kinshasa DRC
Creators: name: Meshnick, Steven R.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Background In many malaria-endemic countries, increasing resistance may soon compromise the efficacy of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) for intermittent preventative treatment (IPT) of malaria in pregnancy. Artemisinin-based IPT regimens represent a promising potential alternative to SP. Pharmacokinetic and safety data supporting the use of artemisinin derivatives in pregnancy are urgently needed. Methods Subjects included pregnant women with asymptomatic falciparum parasitaemia between 22-26 weeks (n = 13) or 32-36 weeks gestation (n = 13), the same women at three months postpartum, and 25 non-pregnant parasitaemic controls. All subjects received 200 mg orally administered AS. Plasma total and free levels of AS and its active metabolite DHA were determined using a validated LC-MS method. Non-compartmental pharmacokinetic analysis was performed using standard methods. Results All pregnant women delivered live babies. The median birth weight was 3025 grams [range 2130, 3620]; 2 of 26 babies had birth weights less than 2500 grams. Rates of parasite clearance by 12 hours post-dose were high and comparable among the groups. Rapid elimination of AS was observed in all three groups. The 90% CI for the pregnancy:postpartum ratio of geometric means for total and free AUC fell within the pre-specified 0.66 - 1.50 therapeutic equivalence interval. However, more pronounced pharmacokinetic differences were observed between the pregnancy and control subjects, with the 90% CI for the pregnancy:control ratio of geometric means for both total 0.68 (90% CI 0.57-0.81) and free AUC 0.78 (90% CI 0.63-0.95) not fully contained within the 0.66 - 1.50 interval. All subjects cleared parasites rapidly, and there was no difference in the percentage of women who were parasitaemic 12 hours after dosing. Conclusions A single dose of orally administered AS was found to be both effective and without adverse effects in this study of second and third trimester pregnant women in the DRC. Although DHA AUC during pregnancy and postpartum were similar, the AUC for the pregnant group was less than the non-pregnant controls. The findings of this study suggest that additional studies on the pharmacokinetics of AS in pregnant women are needed. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT00538382
The prognostic role of GLIM criteria in postoperative outcomes after upper gastrointestinal cancer surgery: a meta-analysis of observational studies.
Creators: name: Frountzas, Maximos
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Upper gastrointestinal cancer patients are presented with high rates of malnutrition even at the earlier stages of the disease. Surgery is considered the treatment of choice in locoregional disease for patients suffering from esophageal and gastric cancer. Several methods of nutritional assessment have been extensively used in the clinical setting in order to identify malnourished patients at risk for short- and long- term adverse clinical outcomes. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to investigate whether malnutrition according to GLIM criteria could serve as an independent prognostic factor of postoperative complications and survival in cancer patients who underwent esophagectomy or gastrectomy due to upper gastrointestinal cancer.
Multi-modal Profiling of the Extracellular Matrix of Human Fallopian Tubes and Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinomas
Creators: name: Renner, Carine
name: Gomez, Clarissa
name: Visetsouk, Mike R
name: Taha, Isra
name: Khan, Aisha
name: McGregor, Stephanie M
name: Weisman, Paul
name: Naba, Alexandra
name: Masters, Kristyn S
name: Kreeger, Pamela K
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3101
subject: Biochemistry and cell biology
classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3404
subject: Medicinal and biomolecular chemistry

description: Recent evidence supports the fimbriae of the fallopian tube as one origin site for high-grade serous ovarian cancer (HGSOC). The progression of many solid tumors is accompanied by changes in the microenvironment, including alterations of the extracellular matrix (ECM). Therefore, we sought to determine the ECM composition of the benign fallopian tube and changes associated with serous tubal intraepithelial carcinomas (STICs), precursors of HGSOC. The ECM composition of benign human fallopian tube was first defined from a meta-analysis of published proteomic datasets that identified 190 ECM proteins. We then conducted de novo proteomics using ECM enrichment and identified 88 proteins, 7 of which were not identified in prior studies (COL2A1, COL4A5, COL16A1, elastin, LAMA5, annexin A2, and PAI1). To enable future in vitro studies, we investigated the levels and localization of ECM components included in tissue-engineered models (type I, III, and IV collagens, fibronectin, laminin, versican, perlecan, and hyaluronic acid) using multispectral immunohistochemical staining of fimbriae from patients with benign conditions or STICs. Quantification revealed an increase in stromal fibronectin and a decrease in epithelial versican in STICs. Our results provide an in-depth picture of the ECM in the benign fallopian tube and identified ECM changes that accompany STIC formation. (J Histochem Cytochem XX: XXX-XXX, XXXX).
Low-$\ell$ CMB from String-Scale SUSY Breaking?
Creators: name: Sagnotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of inflation are instructive playgrounds for supersymmetry breaking in Supergravity and String Theory. In particular, combinations of branes and orientifolds that are not mutually BPS can lead to \emph{brane supersymmetry breaking}, a phenomenon where non--linear realizations are accompanied, in tachyon--free vacua, by the emergence of steep exponential potentials. When combined with milder terms, these exponentials can lead to slow--roll after a fast ascent and a turning point. This leaves behind distinctive patterns of scalar perturbations, where pre--inflationary peaks can lie well apart from an almost scale invariant profile. I review recent attempts to connect these power spectra to the low--$\ell$ CMB, and a corresponding one--parameter extension of $Λ$CDM with a low--frequency cut $Δ$. A detailed likelihood analysis led to $Δ= (0.351 \pm 0.114) \times 10^{-3} \, \mbox{Mpc}^{-1}$, at $99.4\%$ confidence level, in an extended Galactic mask with $f_{sky}=39\%$, to be compared with a nearby value at $88.5\%$ in the standard Planck 2015 mask with $f_{sky}=94\%$. In these scenarios one would be confronted, in the CMB, with relics of an epoch of deceleration that preceded the onset of slow--roll.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX, 22 eps figures. Based on the presentations at the International School for Subnuclear Physics, 53rd Course, "The Future of our Physics Including New Frontiers," Erice, June 24 -- July 3 2015, and at "Physics on the Riviera 2015," Sestri Levante, September 16--18 2015