cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advancing the understanding and management of Mpox: insights into epidemiology, disease pathways, prevention, and therapeutic strategies
Creators: name: Abusara, Osama H.
name: Sabbah, Dima A.
name: Hajjo, Rima
name: Bardaweel, Sanaa K.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2025

description:
Mpox, previously known as monkeypox, is a zoonotic viral disease caused by the Mpox virus (MPXV), a member of the Orthopoxvirus genus. This disease is of significant concern due to its zoonotic transmission, which can be challenging to control, its ability to spread easily from person to person, the potential for severe symptoms or even fatality, and its history of frequent global outbreaks. Despite the growing threat, there is still limited research on the pathophysiology of the disease and available disease-modifying treatments. To address this gap, the latest developments in Mpox epidemiology, viral variant detection, and advanced diagnostic tools for accurate MPXV detection have been reviewed. Ongoing preventive measures, including vaccination strategies, have also been examined. Additionally, the genomic and proteomic characteristics of MPXV have been explored, and network and pathway enrichment analyses have been performed to identify potential therapeutic targets. The findings presented in this manuscript suggest the potential for novel disease-modifying treatments. Moreover, emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence and "big data," are playing a crucial role in advancing disease management and enhancing prevention strategies. This review emphasizes the evolving understanding of Mpox and MPXV variants and underscores the importance of continued research and public health initiatives to combat the disease and prevent future global outbreaks.
If It Ain’t Broke…Copyright’s Fixation Requirement and Cultural Citizenship
Creators: name: Mann, Larisa
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Copyright subsists in creative works that are “fixed in any tangible medium of expression,” usually understood as making fixation a prerequisite for protection.1 However, some argue that denying copyright to unfixed works unfairly denies protection to certain classes of artists or works, and that fairness, or concern for those classes of artists or genres, requires that they receive the benefit of copyright ownership for those unfixed works. These arguments generally assume the benefits of copyright protection to the artist, and often by unexamined extension to society. However, copyright ownership has social costs as well as social benefits. This Article examines the possible costs of applying copyright protection to unfixed works, in the context of the specific artists, traditions, genres and practices that rely mainly on unfixed works. It argues for a deeper, more empirically grounded understanding of the creative process and a broader definition of values that arise from culture making, and thus a broader understanding of the public policy implications in copyright law.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 2 (2011)
MPEC 2023-J179 : S/2004 S 52
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: S/2004 S 52

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 1 of A time-driven activity-based costing approach for identifying variability in costs of childbirth between and within types of delivery
Creators: name: Dubron, Kathia
name: Verschaeve, Mathilde
name: Roodhooft, Filip
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. English survey.
X-raying Galaxies: A Chandra Legacy
Creators: name: Wang, Q. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This presentation reviews Chandra's major contribution to the understanding of nearby galaxies. After a brief summary on significant advances in characterizing various types of discrete X-ray sources, the presentation focuses on the global hot gas in and around galaxies, especially normal ones like our own. The hot gas is a product of stellar and AGN feedback -- the least understood part in theories of galaxy formation and evolution. Chandra observations have led to the first characterization of the spatial, thermal, chemical, and kinetic properties of the gas in our Galaxy. The gas is concentrated around the Galactic bulge and disk on scales of a few kpc. The column density of chemically-enriched hot gas on larger scales is at least an order magnitude smaller, indicating that it may not account for the bulk of the missing baryon matter predicted for the Galactic halo according to the standard cosmology. Similar results have also been obtained for other nearby galaxies. The X-ray emission from hot gas is well correlated with the star formation rate and stellar mass, indicating that the heating is primarily due to the stellar feedback. However, the observed X-ray luminosity of the gas is typically less than a few percent of the feedback energy. Thus the bulk of the feedback (including injected heavy elements) is likely lost in galaxy-wide outflows. The results are compared with simulations of the feedback to infer its dynamics and interplay with the circum-galactic medium, hence the evolution of galaxies.
description: Refereed review article to be published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
Copyright Law v. Trade Policy
Creators: name: Gard, Elizabeth Townsend
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: The Tenth Circuit seems to be in a battle with itself over the meaning and definition of our copyright system. In the last two years, the Tenth Circuit defined the public domain as a constitutionally protected component of the copyright system, and then reversing itself, defined copyright (ignoring the public domain) as a tool for international trade, where treaty obligations outweigh tradition. The Golan case stands at the center of competing priorities and definitions. How are we to understand the “physics” of the public domain within contemporary copyright law? Does copyright have principles and an internal logic to foster creativity, or is copyright to be seen as malleable tool for trade and international relations? Judge Henry in the 2007 Tenth Circuit Golan v. Gonzales stated that under the traditional contours of copyright, what comes into the public domain, stays in the public domain.4 With this came a First Amendment right to use public domain works, and he remanded the case back to the district court to further determine whether the statute in question required content-based or content-neutral First amendment analysis.5 This decision marked the first time a part of the copyright law had been found unconstitutional, and it also marked a moment where the public domain appeared to be protected by the U.S. Constitution.6 Upon appeal from the district court remanded decision, the Tenth Circuit appeals court—albeit with a different chief judge—found the same statute not in violation of the First Amendment, and perfectly in line with the United States’ treaty and international obligations.7 In this opinion, works in the public domain were fair game, particularly because their restoration would somehow help American authors indirectly.8 Copyright was merely a tool for trade law, and, because of this, any alteration was acceptable and necessary.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 2 (2011)
title: 2015 Survey on Board of Directors of Nonprofit Organizations
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Donatiello, Nicholas E.
name: Meehan, Bill
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2015

description: In fall 2014, the Stanford Graduate School of Business, in collaboration with BoardSource and GuideStar, surveyed 924 directors of nonprofit organizations about the composition, structure, and practices of their boards. The skills, resources, and experience of directors are not sufficient to meet the needs of most nonprofit organizations. Board processes fall short. Over a quarter of nonprofit directors do not have a deep understanding of the mission and strategy of their organization. Nearly a third are dissatisfied with the board’s ability to evaluate organizational performance. A majority do not believe their fellow board members are very experienced or engaged in their work.
To Waive and Waive Not: Property and Flexibility in the Digital Era
Creators: name: Merges, Robert P.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Even in an era when creative works can sometimes be made collectively, and where copying and modifying existing works is often easy, individual ownership of discrete creative works still makes sense. Individual creative effort is still the crucial ingredient for many high quality works, and the control conferred by ownership is often the most efficient, and even more frequently the most fair, social arrangement. Even so, a common argument against property rights in the digital era is that they come with a heavy transactional burden. The need to clear permission to use digital works is said to impede the potential of high velocity distribution models and participatory creative efforts. Too many property rights, too many clearance and licensing deals, too much friction in the great digital creativity machine—all stand in the way of progress. There are, broadly speaking, three solutions to the problem. First, society can cut back on the number of property rights, or rework the structure of rights with an eye toward transactional efficiencies. Second, right holders or society in general can invest in rights clearance mechanisms that make it easier for users and consumers of rights-protected works to transact more efficiently. Third, legal rules can be tailored to make it easier for right holders to commit to a binding non-enforcement of their rights. The purpose of this brief Article is to explore in some depth this third option. I begin by describing how waiver contributes to the supple texture of property rights, making it easy for individuals to exercise choices after rights have been granted. This is, in my view, a cornerstone feature of property rights, and one of their chief advantages over other entitlements and incentive regimes. Next, I show how waiver fits with other basic features of property rights. I argue that waiver can be thought of as an aspect of the structure of rights, as well as a (particularly simple) rights clearance mechanism. Finally, I describe some simple ideas that could clarify knotty issues surrounding legal requirements for waiver of intellectual property rights. The most important are: 1) binding, easily verified waiver mechanisms that are “good against the world”; and 2) scope of waiver rules that make it simple for right holders to selectively waive rights, for example, permitting some uses and not others. I conclude with a call for more attention to the waiver strategy as a way of retaining our traditional commitment to property while easing the transactional burden that property rights entail.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 2 (2011)
Fiction, Culture and Pedophilia: Fantasy and the First Amendment after United States v. Whorley
Creators: name: Kim-Butler, Bryan
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: In 1998, congressional and public sentiment was set ablaze by the publication of a seemingly esoteric academic article by three previously little-known psychologists. The article, in an American Psychological Association (“APA”) journal, Psychological Bulletin, challenged the “lay belie[f] that child sexual abuse (CSA) causes intense harm” and concluded that the common construct of child sexual abuse was “of questionable scientific validity.” The authors suggested further that psychologists researching child sexuality use different terms, “adultchild sex, a value-neutral term” for “a willing encounter with positive reactions,” reserving “child sexual abuse, a term that implies harm to the individual,” for a nonconsensual experience accompanied by negative feelings. The National Association for Research and Therapy of Homosexuality (“NARTH”), a group that claims to “help” gays and lesbians rid themselves of “unwanted homosexuality,” was the first to comment. NARTH claimed that the APA was attempting to “normalize pedophiles.” Dr. Laura Schlessinger agreed, and together with NARTH and the conservative organization Family Research Council, prodded Congress to respond. House Majority Whip Tom DeLay (R-Texas) and Dr. Schlessinger appeared at a press conference convened by the Family Research Council, introducing a bill requiring the APA to renounce the findings of the study. A House Resolution condemning the psychologists’ conclusions passed 355 to zero in 1999.8 Looking back on the episode, literary critic Kathryn Bond Stockton comments that “Congress, it would seem, has acted only once to resolve against science: in order to say that children must be harmed.”
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011)
Additional file 1 of Factors influencing the uptake of intermittent preventive treatment among pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa: a multilevel analysis
Creators: name: Darteh, Eugene Kofuor Maafo
name: Dickson, Kwamena Sekyi
name: Ahinkorah, Bright Opoku
name: Owusu, Bernard Afriyie
name: Okyere, Joshua
name: Salihu, Tarif
name: Bio Bediako, Vincent
name: Budu, Eugene
name: Agbemavi, Wonder
name: Edjah, Jane Odurowaah
name: Seidu, Abdul-Aziz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
From Dumpster to Dicta: How the BALCO Investigation Created Incurable Violations of Players’ Rights and How to Prevent Them
Creators: name: Ikegami, Bryan T.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Baseball is widely regarded as America’s pastime. With that designation comes certain expectations from the American public about the integrity of the game. Major League Baseball (“MLB”) has faced challenges to that integrity in the past, including gambling and drug use, but its response has generally been timely and adequate. To the extent these controversies involved illegal activity, the government has stepped in accordingly. Presently, the sport is mired in a well documented controversy regarding player use of performance enhancing drugs. By and large, the government has not had to police the league itself. This time, however, MLB’s response was slow and insufficient. As a result, each branch of the government got involved. President George W. Bush directly addressed the issue in his State of the Union Address on January 20, 2004, calling on “team owners, union representatives, coaches and players to take the lead, to send the right signal, to get tough and to get rid of steroids now.” On March 17–18, 2005, six players and four executives testified before the House Committee on Government Reform regarding drug use inbaseball. During that same year, members of Congress introduced at least three bills aimed at curbing the drug problem in professional sports. Each bill required all players in the four major professional sports leagues to submit to mandatory uniform testing for performance enhancing drugs (“PEDs”). Meanwhile, federal investigators began targeting an illegal drug ring in Northern California, which subsequently ballooned into protracted litigation. The origin and resolution of United States v. Comprehensive Drug Testing, Inc. is the primary focus of this Note.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011)
PARTHENOS D8.2 Initial Communication Plan
Creators: name: Speck, Reto
name: Sbarbati, Stefano
name: Bassett, Sheena
name: Niccolucci, Franco
name: Drenth, Petra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: The deliverable presents the initial results of PARTHENOS WP8 “Communication, dissemination and outreach”. It provides a general communication and dissemination strategy for PARTHENOS, as well as a detailed plan of action for months 1 to 15 of the project.

All PARTHENOS deliverables are available at: http://www.parthenos-project.eu/resources/projects-deliverables
Symmetric extendibility for qudits and tolerable error rates in quantum cryptography
Creators: name: Ranade, Kedar S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetric extendibility of quantum states has recently drawn attention in the context of quantum cryptography to judge whether quantum states shared between two distant parties can be purified by means of one-way error correction protocols. In this letter we study the symmetric extendibility in a specific class of two-qudit states, i. e. states composed of two d-level systems, in order to find upper bounds on tolerable error rates for a wide class of qudit-based quantum cryptographic protocols using two-way error correction. In important cases these bounds coincide with previously known lower bounds, thereby proving sharpness of these bounds in arbitrary finite-dimensional systems.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Additional file 6 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Visual comparisons of the proposed model-based non-rigid registration with a pair-wise registration using mutual information as similarity criterion for myocardial T1 rho mapping in two patients.
Sports Leagues’ New Social Media Policies
Creators: name: Hull, Michelle R.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: In 2009, the National Hockey League (“NHL”), National Football League (“NFL”) and National Basketball Association (“NBA”) became the first major North American sports leagues to announce social media restrictions. The major sports leagues have similar social media policies, the broadest of which extends longstanding copyright infringement warnings to social media websites like Facebook and Twitter. The more narrow social media restrictions limit only playby- play uploading by players, personnel and coaches, while the broader restrictions purport to prohibit real-time uploading of play-by-play game approximations by all Internet users. The NFL, which has always barred play-by-play descriptions of games in progress, extended that ban to social media platforms, requesting that social media play-by-play game accounts be time delayed and limited in amount, in order to protect the game coverage of accredited licensees. The leagues’ request that social media platforms not host game time play-by-play approximations raises questions regarding sports leagues’ enforcement of their intellectual property rights. Given that billions of social media users around the globe are able to upload from virtually any public sporting event or broadcast using mobile devices, the sports leagues’ social media policies face issues of enforceability. Contract and property law supply the legal framework for leagues’ authority to control the uploading capabilities of sports arena attendees. Employment law forms the legal backbone of the leagues’ uploading restrictions covering players, coaches, officials and league personnel. Yet, by purporting to extend traditional copyright law to social media sites, and by stating that play-by-play approximations might infringe accredited rights holders, the new restrictions potentially reach millions of independent users. As the sports leagues may face challenges as to whether social media restrictions are legal and enforceable, the leagues might look to copyright law through theories of secondary liability and the Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA). Alternatively, the leagues can look to state law, with claims tailored to navigate around the so-called “hot news” preemption doctrine.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011)
Carter-like constants of the motion in Newtonian gravity and electrodynamics
Creators: name: Will, Clifford M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a test body orbiting an axisymmetric body in Newtonian gravitational theory with multipole moments Q_L, (and for a charge in a non-relativistic orbit about a charge distribution with the same multipole moments) we show that there exists, in addition to the energy and angular momentum component along the symmetry axis, a conserved quantity analogous to the Carter constant of Kerr spacetimes in general relativity, if the odd-L moments vanish, and the even-L moments satisfy Q_2L = m (Q_2/m)^L. Strangely, this is precisely the relation among mass moments enforced by the no-hair theorems of rotating black holes. By contrast, if Newtonian gravity is supplemented by a multipolar gravitomagnetic field, whose leading term represents frame-dragging (or if the electrostatic field is supplemented by a multipolar magnetic field), we are unable to find an analogous Carter-like constant. This further highlights the very special nature of the Kerr geometry of general relativity.
description: 4 pages
title: 2015 Investor Survey: Deconstructing Proxy Statements — What Matters to Investors
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Schneider, Ronald
name: Tayan, Brian
name: Boyd, Aaron
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2015

description: In the fall of 2014, RR Donnelley, Equilar, and the Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University surveyed 64 asset managers and owners with a combined $17 trillion in assets to understand how institutional investors use the information in corporate proxies to make voting and investment decisions. Only 38 percent of institutional investors believe that corporate disclosure about executive compensation is clear and easy to understand.
Assessing the influence of cybersecurity threats and risks on the adoption and growth of digital banking: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Waliullah, Md.
name: George, Md Zahin Hossain
name: Hasan, Md Tarek
name: Alam, Md Khorshed
name: Munira, Mosa Sumaiya Khatun
name: Siddiqui, Noor Alam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapid digitalization of banking services has significantly transformed financial transactions, offering enhanced convenience and efficiency for consumers. However, the increasing reliance on digital banking has also exposed financial institutions and users to a wide range of cybersecurity threats, including phishing, malware, ransomware, data breaches, and unauthorized access. This study systematically examines the influence of cybersecurity threats on digital banking security, adoption, and regulatory compliance by conducting a comprehensive review of 78 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2024. Using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology, this research critically evaluates the most prevalent cyber threats targeting digital banking platforms, the effectiveness of modern security measures, and the role of regulatory frameworks in mitigating financial cybersecurity risks. The findings reveal that phishing and malware attacks remain the most commonly exploited cyber threats, leading to significant financial losses and consumer distrust. Multi-factor authentication (MFA) and biometric security have been widely adopted to combat unauthorized access, while AI-driven fraud detection and blockchain technology offer promising solutions for securing financial transactions. However, the integration of third-party FinTech solutions introduces additional security risks, necessitating stringent regulatory oversight and cybersecurity protocols. The study also highlights that compliance with global cybersecurity regulations, such as GDPR, PSD2, and GLBA, enhances digital banking security by enforcing strict authentication measures, encryption protocols, and real-time fraud monitoring.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
Freeing the Press from Editorial Discretion and Hegemony in Bona Fide News
Creators: name: Folami, Akilah N.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Broadcast journalism’s foundational role of informing and engaging the American public in order to further America’s self-governing democracy is in crisis. Corporate broadcast owners’ efforts to maximize profits and increase advertising revenue during traditional network news and related public affairs programming have led to the closing of many investigative and correspondent television news bureaus and have arguably hastened the devolution of broadcast journalism into a depoliticized spectacle filled with political and celebrity, gossipdriven infotainment.1 Furthermore, as viewers have abdicated their reliance on broadcast journalism as their primary source of political knowledge, they have also disengaged from professional broadcast journalists’ dispassionate, impartial and aspirationally objective method and manner of presentation.2 This Article contends that these definitional shifts in viewer engagement, which serve as underlying challenges to broadcast journalism’s deliberative role, are the symptoms, rather than the root cause of its deliberative peril. These shifts are instead the net effect of long-standing mainstream societal norms and presumptions that led to the narrowing in scope and definition of civic engagement.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011)
A Theory of IP’s Negative Space
Creators: name: Rosenblatt, Elizabeth L.
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Several recent case studies have explored industries in what Kal Raustiala and Christopher Sprigman have described as intellectual property’s “negative space”: areas in which creation and innovation thrive without significant protection from intellectual property law. These include such diverse industries as fashion, cuisine, magic tricks, stand-up comedy, typefaces, open source software, sports, wikis, academic science and even roller derby pseudonyms. Most scholarship in the area has focused on case studies of particular industries and social movements that occupy IP’s negative space. This Article looks deeper into the nature of IP’s negative space itself, seeking a unifying theory of what makes a type of work well suited to IP’s negative space. The emerging theory sheds light onto what may make a lack of protection preferable to protection for certain types of works and gives us a new tool for optimizing intellectual property law to promote creation and innovation.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 3 (2011)
Exploring the children's right to play in a disadvantaged community: A P4PLAY research project in Occupational Science
Creators: name: Veiga-Seijo, Silvia
name: Kantartzis, Sarah
name: Jackson, Jeanne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: children
play
occupational justice
disadvantaged community
social transformation

description: Topic of study The P4Play Marie Sklodowska-Curie (MSC) Training Network is an innovative European Joint Doctorate (EJD) programme in Occupational Science for Occupational Therapists. This EJD was established in 2020 when 2.2 m was awarded to a consortium of researchers and play advocates, in the highly competitive Horizon2020 scheme. P4play is a collaboration between 4 academic universities in Ireland, Sweden, Scotland, and Switzerland, and 15 partner organisations in Europe and the USA. The P4play programme adopts a child's rights-based perspective and aims to investigate the nature of play occupation from diverse perspectives and contexts through the lens of People, Place, Policy and Practice (P4Play). This programme has employed 8 early-stage researchers. This poster presents one of the eight PhD, focused on exploring the children’s right to play in a disadvantaged community. Argumentation followed Play is a fundamental occupation in children’s lives and a right recognized internationally by the Convention on the Rights of the Child. However, scholars and declarations are concerned about the lack of access to play opportunities for children living in disadvantaged communities. This may lead to play deprivation, which threatens the children and community’s human rights and wellbeing. Particularly, in Scotland, there are policy-makers, designers, organizations, and scholars who call for promoting outdoor play opportunities. Nonetheless, the literature has not clearly approached how is the play of children who live in disadvantaged communities yet. In light of this gap, this research project aims to gain a multi-faceted understanding of children and community members' perspectives for a play-friendly community in a disadvantaged neighbourhood of East Lothian (Scotland). A qualitative study with child-friendly and participatory methodologies principles will be carried out. Main conclusion: This study will broaden play’s conceptualization from the children’s voices as play experts, which will inform the development of policies. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 861257.
Additional file 5 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5. Comparison of the proposed model-based non-rigid registration with standard deformable registration in a patient.
Vacuum polarization from confined fermions in 3 + 1 dimensions
Creators: name: Ttira, C. Ccapa
name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Losada, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the main properties of the one-loop vacuum polarization function for massless spinor QED4 in a slab, namely, with fields defined on M in R^(3+1), such that M = {(x0, ..., x3)|0 <= x3 <= epsilon}, and bag-like boundary conditions on the boundary. We evaluate the induced charge density and current due to an external constant electric field normal to the boundary; we also study the effective action for a purely transverse field, identifying its epsilon-dependent contribution.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures
The European “Extended Collective Licensing” Model
Creators: name: Strowel, Alain
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: Thank you for the invitation. It is a pleasure for me to speak on the topic of extended collective licenses (“ECL”), a model for managing copyright which is typical for Scandinavian countries. Although my Danish is a bit rusty—not to speak of my Swedish—I come from Belgium, a country which is neither a Nordic nor a Southern European country, but which at least has a strong experience with collective bargaining. It is difficult to understand the model of ECLs without the background of collective bargaining (in a country like the United States, private agreements rather than collective bargaining do play a prominent role). Belgian culture in the field of industrial relations is one in which labor issues are solved with collective agreements; this is possible because of the existence of very strong organizations representing employers and employees and the possibility for the collective agreements concluded between those organizations to be extended by law to third parties. The ECL model relies on the willingness and experience of parties to engage in collective bargaining. No article PDF is available.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 4 (2011)
p-Adic numbers in bioinformatics: from genetic code to PAM-matrix
Creators: name: Khrennikov, A. Yu.
name: Kozyrev, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper we denonstrate that the use of the system of 2-adic numbers provides a new insight to some problems of genetics, in particular, generacy of the genetic code and the structure of the PAM matrix in bioinformatics. The 2-adic distance is an ultrametric and applications of ultrametrics in bioinformatics are not surprising. However, by using the 2-adic numbers we match ultrametric with a number theoretic structure. In this way we find new applications of an ultrametric which differ from known up to now in bioinformatics. We obtain the following results. We show that the PAM matrix A allows the expansion into the sum of the two matrices A=A^{(2)}+A^{(\infty)}, where the matrix A^{(2)} is 2-adically regular (i.e. matrix elements of this matrix are close to locally constant with respect to the discussed earlier by the authors 2-adic parametrization of the genetic code), and the matrix A^{(\infty)} is sparse. We discuss the structure of the matrix A^{(\infty)} in relation to the side chain properties of the corresponding amino acids.
description: 11 pages, discussion and references added
title: Punishing CEOs for Bad Behavior: 2017 Public Perception Survey
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Donatiello, Nicholas E.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2017

description: In summer 2016, the Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University conducted a nationwide survey of 1,554 individuals to understand how the American public views CEOs who engage in potentially unethical behavior, and the public’s determination of “fair punishment” for these actions. The study reveals that almost half of Americans believe CEOs should be fired (or worse) for unethical behavior. Violations of trust between company and customer are considered the most egregious. And, the public is surprisingly critical of CEOs who engage in “immoral” personal actions. Key Takeaways: Almost half of Americans believe CEOs should be fired (or worse) for unethical behavior., Violations of trust between company and customer are considered most egregious., The public is surprisingly critical of CEOs who engage in “immoral” personal actions. “We find that the public is highly critical of — and very willing to fire — CEOs who engage in behaviors that are morally or ethically questionable, even if these actions are not illegal and in some cases even if they cause no obvious harm to shareholders, employees, or the public,” says Professor David F. Larcker, Stanford Graduate School of Business. “This reflects, in part, the public’s lingering distrust of large corporations and CEOs in general.” “It is not surprising, after years of stories in the press about CEOs getting away with bad behavior and in some cases earning large financial rewards along the way, that many Americans want to see higher levels of accountability,” adds Nick Donatiello, lecturer in corporate governance at Stanford Graduate School of Business. “For corporations and their boards, this signals that the reputational ramifications for CEO misconduct — even personal misconduct — are very high, and require a decisive and public response.” “The public’s highly negative assessment of immoral behavior is particularly unexpected,” says Brian Tayan, researcher at Stanford Graduate School of Business. “While we might expect that lying to the public about the quality of a company’s product would be criticized, the public was surprisingly judgmental about CEOs who make questionable personal decisions, such as having an affair with a subordinate. The line between ‘personal’ and ‘corporate’ matters is more blurred than we realized.” Key Findings: Members of the public are extremely critical of CEOs who engage in questionable behavior. The public believes a violation of trust between a company and its customers is the most egregious ethical violation a CEO can make. Boards of directors are stricter than the public in administering punishment. Americans are surprisingly critical of potentially immoral behavior. Male and female CEOs are held to similar standards overall; however, some differences in perception exist.
Riemann solvers and undercompressive shocks of convex FPU chains
Creators: name: Herrmann, M.
name: Rademacher, J. D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37K60

description: We consider FPU-type atomic chains with general convex potentials. The naive continuum limit in the hyperbolic space-time scaling is the p-system of mass and momentum conservation. We systematically compare Riemann solutions to the p-system with numerical solutions to discrete Riemann problems in FPU chains, and argue that the latter can be described by modified p-system Riemann solvers. We allow the flux to have a turning point, and observe a third type of elementary wave (conservative shocks) in the atomistic simulations. These waves are heteroclinic travelling waves and correspond to non-classical, undercompressive shocks of the p-system. We analyse such shocks for fluxes with one or more turning points. Depending on the convexity properties of the flux we propose FPU-Riemann solvers. Our numerical simulations confirm that Lax-shocks are replaced by so called dispersive shocks. For convex-concave flux we provide numerical evidence that convex FPU chains follow the p-system in generating conservative shocks that are supersonic. For concave-convex flux, however, the conservative shocks of the p-system are subsonic and do not appear in FPU-Riemann solutions.
Dynamic Capabilities Perspective for Strategic Public Procurement: Rethinking Procurement Strategic Proposition
Creators: name: Ndrecaj, Vera
name: Mason-Jones, Rachel
name: Mohamed Hashim, Mohamed Ashmel
name: Tlemsani, Issam
name: Zaman, Dr Asif
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public sector organisation and management
Dynamical systems in applications

description: In recent years, public procurement become more complicated (The Future generation Report, 2020; UK Government Green Paper Report, 2022). The complexity and dynamic environment have created additional pressures on the delivery of the public sector organisations (PSOs) with limited resources (UK Uyarra and Flanagan, 2010; Uyarra, 2010; 2013; Sönnichsen and Clement, 2020; Vecchi et al., 2020). In such a dynamic environment, public management need to focus on short-term opportunities to gain bargaining power to maximise cost reduction and organisational performance (Cox, 2001; 2004; Murray, 2009; Staples and Dalrymple; 2011; Uyarra et al., 2013; Deasy et al., 2014; Uyarra et al., 2014; Vecchi, et al., 2020). Similarly, Loader (2007; 2013) claimed that due to the uncertain economic environment, saving on public spending has become the overriding focus of the PSP.
title: 2022 Survey of Investors, Retirement Savings, and ESG
Creators: name: Haber, Stephen H.
name: Kepler, John D.
name: Larcker, David F.
name: Seru, Amit
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2022

description: In summer 2022, Stanford Graduate School of Business, the Hoover Institution Working Group on Corporate Governance at Stanford University, and Rock Center for Corporate Governance at Stanford University jointly conducted a nationwide survey of 2,470 investors — distributed by gender, race, age, household income, and state residence — to understand how American investors view environmental, social, and governance (ESG) priorities among the companies in their investment portfolio. Key findings include: Investors have diametrically opposed views of ESG based on their age. Young investors want fund managers to advocate for environmental and social causes. Older investors want them to stick with generating financial returns. Young investors claim to be willing to lose between 6 and 10 percent of their retirement savings to support ESG causes. Older investors do not want to lose anything. Young investors claim to be much more knowledgeable than older investors about the stock market. They also have higher expectations for future growth. Investors invest with managers who share their views. Without regard to their view of ESG, investors want fund managers to take their personal views into account when voting shares.
Additional file 4 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4. Convergence of the proposed model-based non-rigid motion correction algorithm for myocardial T1ρ mapping.
Additional file 9 of A clinically feasible circulating tumor cell sorting system for monitoring the progression of advanced hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Huang, Xiu-Yan
name: Li, Feng
name: Li, Ting-Ting
name: Zhang, Jun-Tao
name: Shi, Xiang-Jun
name: Huang, Xin-Yu
name: Zhou, Jian
name: Tang, Zhao-You
name: Huang, Zi-Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 9: Table S1. Preoperative and postoperative clinical parameters.
Keynote: The Landscape of Collective Management Schemes
Creators: name: Gervais, Daniel
Publisher: name: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts
Year: 2011

description: The title for this address, suggested by Jane Ginsburg and June Besek, prompted me to take a fresh look at the rules of landscape composition. I found six major ones. The first five rules are as follows: (a) group your subjects of importance within a center of interest; (b) avoid straight lines; (c) allow the viewer to interact and become a participant; (d) make good use of contrast; and (e) add some drama and avoid kissing the edges. I can promise you two of those five, namely that we will interact later, and that I will not be kissing any edges this morning. Unfortunately, I cannot promise drama. As to the center of interest and avoidance of straight lines, let us see what we can do. The last rule is to put striking features in the foreground set against a solid background. That I think I can deliver. Let us start with the background. I will use a realist technique for this part of my talk.
description: The Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, Vol. 34 No. 4 (2011)
Spreading for the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger equation with disorder
Creators: name: Veksler, Hagar
name: Krivolapov, Yevgeny
name: Fishman, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of an initially localized wavepacket is studied for the generalized nonlinear Schroedinger Equation with a random potential, where the nonlinearity term is |ψ|^p*ψand "p" is arbitrary. Mainly short times for which the numerical calculations can be performed accurately are considered. Long time calculations are presented as well. In particular the subdiffusive behavior where the average second moment of the wavepacket is of the form ~t^a is computed. Contrary to former heuristic arguments, no evidence for any critical behavior as function of "p" is found. The properties of α(t) are explored.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Additional file 3 of Endogenous assessment of myocardial injury with single-shot model-based non-rigid motion-corrected T1 rho mapping
Creators: name: Bustin, Aurélien
name: Toupin, Solenn
name: Sridi, Soumaya
name: Yerly, Jérôme
name: Bernus, Olivier
name: Labrousse, Louis
name: Quesson, Bruno
name: Rogier, Julien
name: Haïssaguerre, Michel
name: van Heeswijk, Ruud
name: Jaïs, Pierre
name: Cochet, Hubert
name: Stuber, Matthias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Dice scores (DSC) and maximum perpendicular distance (MPD) obtained in patients before and after model-based non-rigid motion correction on a T1ρ-weighted image level (A, B) and on a short-axis slice level (C, D).