cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Unravelling the taxonomy and distribution of two problematic small mammal genera in the Karoo biome
Creators: name: Main, Devon
name: Tensen, Laura
name: Gihring, Katharina
name: Bronner, Gary
name: Aboul-Hassan, Nadine
name: Blanckenberg, Michelle
name: Vuuren, Bettine Jansen Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: South Africa harbours remarkable biological diversity with three of the 34 recognised global biodiversity hotspots placed within its borders. One of these is the Succulent Karoo, which together with the Nama-Karoo, forms the Greater Karoo region. Notwithstanding a paucity of studies from this region, it would appear that, although mammal diversity is low, endemism is high. Here, as part of the Karoo BioGaps project, we use a molecular approach to assess small mammal diversity and endemism in the Karoo. We focus on rock rats (Micaelamys) and elephant shrews (Elephantulus and Macroscelides). Using a DNA-informed identification approach, we reveal two, well supported, monophyletic clades of Micaelamys; one that corresponds to M. granti. Our study is the first to publish sequence data for this species. Furthermore, when unverified records are excluded, the range of M. granti is far smaller (∼99 000 km2) than that given by the IUCN red list assessments (236 027 km2), which lends support to the species being a Karoo endemic. Our macrosceledid samples grouped into four well supported clades of the genera Elephantulus and Macroscelides. Very high intraspecific diversity was present within E. pilicaudus compared with other species in our study and this newly described species may harbour cryptic diversity. Our geographic analyses confirm that the range of this species, previously considered to be a Nama-Karoo endemic, extends beyond this region. This study adds more information to the nominal data currently available for the species, Elephantulus pilicaudus.
Universal optimal geometry of minimal phoretic pumps
Creators: name: Michelin, Sébastien
name: Lauga, Eric
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Article
/639/766/189
/639/166/898
article

description: Abstract: Unlike pressure-driven flows, surface-mediated phoretic flows provide efficient means to drive fluid motion on very small scales. Colloidal particles covered with chemically-active patches with nonzero phoretic mobility (e.g. Janus particles) swim using self-generated gradients, and similar physics can be exploited to create phoretic pumps. Here we analyse in detail the design principles of phoretic pumps and show that for a minimal phoretic pump, consisting of 3 distinct chemical patches, the optimal arrangement of the patches maximizing the flow rate is universal and independent of chemistry.
A novel identification approach for discovery of 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A antagonists: combination of 2D/3D similarity screening, molecular docking and molecular dynamics
Creators: name: Kumar, Rakesh
name: Jade, Dhananjay
name: Gupta, Dinesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A antagonists are potential targets for treatment of various cerebrovascular and cardiovascular disorders. In this study, we have developed and performed a unique screening pipeline for filtering ZINC database compounds on the basis of similarities to known antagonists to determine novel small molecule antagonists of 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A. The screening pipeline is based on 2D similarity, 3D dissimilarity and a combination of 2D/3D similarity. The shortlisted compounds were docked to a 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A homology-based model, and complexes with low binding energies (287 complexes) were selected for molecular dynamics (MD) simulations in a lipid bilayer. The MD simulations of the shortlisted compounds in complex with 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A confirmed the stability of the complexes and revealed novel interaction insights. The receptor residues S239, N343, S242, S159, Y370 and D155 predominantly participate in hydrogen bonding. π–π stacking is observed in F339, F340, F234, W151 and W336, whereas hydrophobic interactions are observed amongst V156, F339, F234, V362, V366, F340, V235, I152 and W151. The known and potential antagonists shortlisted by us have similar overlapping molecular interaction patterns. The 287 potential 5-HydroxyTriptamine 2A antagonists may be experimentally verified.
Plant Species Diversity and Composition of Plant Communities in Buffer Zones with Variable Management Regimes
Creators: name: Tarmi, Sanna
name: Hyvönen, Terho
name: Tarmi, Sanna
name: Hyvönen, Terho
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Field boundaries with permanent vegetation cover are a key habitat for farmland biodiversity. Buffer zones are wide field boundaries established to prevent nutrient leaching and erosion into waterways and serve as habitats for farmland wildlife. Our main hypothesis was that several years of grazing or cutting management results in greater plant species richness and heterogeneity in buffer zones in comparison with sites managed for only a few years. We also hypothesized that litter cover and soil phosphorus (P) level would decrease after several years of management, in comparison sites with relatively few years of management. Through this study we aimed to gain a better understanding of how to increase biodiversity in buffer zones. The study included 15 buffer zones within a single landscape. Mean species richness was significantly higher in the group of sites grazed over several years (21 species) in contrast to extensively cut sites (14.8 species) and/or grazed sites (18 species). Species heterogeneity did not respond to different management regimes. Management, slope aspect and litter were significant explanatory factors for species composition. The amount of soil phosphorus measured at three different depths was significantly lower in the buffer zones managed by cutting or grazing for a few years in contrast to those that were grazed for several years. Management that positively affected species diversity did not result in the expected decrease in soil phosphorus. Therefore, we propose that the greater species richness at grazed sites results mainly from disturbances caused by grazing.
Comments on Penrose Limit of AdS_4 x M^{1,1,1}
Creators: name: Ahn, Changhyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a Penrose limit of AdS_4 x M^{1,1,1} where M^{1,1,1}= SU(3) x SU(2) x U(1)/(SU(2) x U(1) x U(1)) that provides the pp-wave geometry equal to the one in the Penrose limit of AdS_4 x S^7. There exists a subsector of three dimensional N=2 dual gauge theory which has enhanced N=8 maximal supersymmetry. We identify operators in the N=2 gauge theory with supergravity KK excitations in the pp-wave geometry and describe how the gauge theory operators made out of two kinds of chiral fields of conformal dimension 4/9, 1/3 fall into N=8 supermultiplets.
description: 13 pp, to appear in PLB
Leucothoe ortizi Winfield & Alvarez 2009
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe ortizi

description: Leucothoe ortizi Winfield & Alvarez, 2009
 Leucothoe ortizi Winfield & Alvarez, 2009: 12–16, figs 1–3.
 Type locality and specimens. Blanca Reef, Veracruz Mexico, 19°5.17'N 96°0.17'W. Holotype, male, 6.9 mm, CNCR 24840; paratypes, Leucothoe spinicarpa, CNCR 24841, Leucothoe sp. 1, CNCR 24842, Leucothoe sp. 2, CNCR 24843.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Winfield & Alvarez (2009).
 Diagnosis. Cuspate anterodistal head margin. Coxae 1–3 with serrate distal and posterior margins; coxae 3–4 with serrate anterior margins; coxa 1 with facial setae. Gnathopod 2 carpus recurved, distally rounded; propodus distal margin with blade-like process. Uropod 3 peduncle elongate. Telson apex with weak point or truncate with marginal setae.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Unknown.
 Habitat. Coral reefs; 13 m.
 Host. Unknown; collected from artificial substrate.
 Distribution. Gulf of Mexico: Veracruz, Mexico (Winfield & Alvarez 2009).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 65, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Bacterial Profiles and Physico-chemical Parameters of Water Samples from Different Sites of the New Calabar River, Nigeria
Creators: name: Edun, O. M.
name: Efiuvwevwere, B. J. O.
name: Edun, O. M.
name: Efiuvwevwere, B. J. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Water samples were collected from three sites (Ogbakiri, Choba and Iwofe) of the New Calabar River and were evaluated for microbiological and physico-chemical characteristics. Bacterial isolates consisting mainly of gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Acinetobacter spp, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella spp., Vibrio sp. and Nocardia asteroides) were isolated from the samples. The highest total coliform counts log10 2.9 were encountered in water samples from Iwofe but the lowest counts log101.9 occurred in the water samples from Ogbakiri. Ecological parameters varied among the sites with the highest pH value of 7.87 occurring at Iwofe and lowest of 6.12 at Choba. Maximum salinity level of 150/00 was observed at Iwofe and lowest at Choba. In contrast, maximum dissolved oxygen of 10.1ppm was observed at Choba and the minimum at Iwofe. The different bacterial profiles are probably attributable to the anthropogenic and industrial activities of the sites.
Comprehensive molecular comparison of BRCA1 hypermethylated and BRCA1 mutated triple negative breast cancers
Creators: name: Glodzik, Dominik
name: Bosch, Ana
name: Hartman, Johan
name: Aine, Mattias
name: Vallon-Christersson, Johan
name: Reuterswärd, Christel
name: Karlsson, Anna
name: Mitra, Shamik
name: Niméus, Emma
name: Holm, Karolina
name: Häkkinen, Jari
name: Hegardt, Cecilia
name: Saal, Lao H.
name: Larsson, Christer
name: Malmberg, Martin
name: Rydén, Lisa
name: Ehinger, Anna
name: Loman, Niklas
name: Kvist, Anders
name: Ehrencrona, Hans
name: Nik-Zainal, Serena
name: Borg, Åke
name: Staaf, Johan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/67/69
/692/53/2422
/692/4028/67/1347
/38
/38/91
/38/39
/45/23
/49/23
/49/61
article

description: Funder: The Governmental Funding for Young Clinical Researchers within the National Health Service (ALF) 2017-2019
description: Funder: Shamik Mitra is financially supported by the funding received from the European Community’s Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation (H2020-MSCA-ITN-2014) under Grant Agreement no. 247634
description: Funder: Vetenskapsrådet (Swedish Research Council); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004359
description: Funder: The Governmental Funding within the National Health Service (ALF)
description: Funder: - The Governmental Funding of Clinical Research within the National Health Service (ALF), grant nbr 2018/40612 - The Gustav V:s Jubilee Foundation (174271 and 187041) - The research foundation at Department of Oncology in Lund
description: Abstract: Homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) is a defining characteristic in BRCA-deficient breast tumors caused by genetic or epigenetic alterations in key pathway genes. We investigated the frequency of BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation in 237 triple-negative breast cancers (TNBCs) from a population-based study using reported whole genome and RNA sequencing data, complemented with analyses of genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic and immune infiltration phenotypes. We demonstrate that BRCA1 promoter hypermethylation is twice as frequent as BRCA1 pathogenic variants in early-stage TNBC and that hypermethylated and mutated cases have similarly improved prognosis after adjuvant chemotherapy. BRCA1 hypermethylation confers an HRD, immune cell type, genome-wide DNA methylation, and transcriptional phenotype similar to TNBC tumors with BRCA1-inactivating variants, and it can be observed in matched peripheral blood of patients with tumor hypermethylation. Hypermethylation may be an early event in tumor development that progress along a common pathway with BRCA1-mutated disease, representing a promising DNA-based biomarker for early-stage TNBC.
Sustaining the unsustainable? Environmental impact assessment and overdevelopment in Bali
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120501 Community Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120504 Land Use and Environmental Planning
subject: 120507 Urban Analysis and Development

description: Bali faces serious environmental crises arising from overdevelopment of the tourism and real estate industry, including water shortage, rapid conversion of agricultural land, pollution, and economic and cultural displacement. This article traces continuities and discontinuities in the role of Indonesian environmental impact assessment (EIA) during and since the authoritarian ‘New Order’ period. Following the fall of the Suharto regime in 1998, the ‘Reform Era’ brought dramatic changes, democratizing and decentralizing Indonesia’s governing institutions. Focusing on case studies of resort development projects in Bali from the 1990s to the present, this study examines the ongoing capture of legal processes by vested interests at the expense of prospects for sustainable development. Two particularly controversial projects in Benoa Bay, proposed in the different historical and structural settings of the two eras—the Bali Turtle Island Development (BTID) at Serangan Island in the Suharto era and the Tirta Wahana Bali Internasional (TWBI) proposal for the other side of Benoa in the ‘Reform Era’—enable instructive comparison. The study finds that despite significant changes in the environmental law regime, the EIA process still finds itself a tool of powerful interests in the efforts of political and economic elites to maintain control of decision-making and to displace popular opposition forces to the margins.
Progressive LiDAR Adaptation for Road Detection
Creators: name: Chen, Zhe
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Tao, Dacheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite rapid developments in visual image-based road detection, robustly identifying road areas in visual images remains challenging due to issues like illumination changes and blurry images. To this end, LiDAR sensor data can be incorporated to improve the visual image-based road detection, because LiDAR data is less susceptible to visual noises. However, the main difficulty in introducing LiDAR information into visual image-based road detection is that LiDAR data and its extracted features do not share the same space with the visual data and visual features. Such gaps in spaces may limit the benefits of LiDAR information for road detection. To overcome this issue, we introduce a novel Progressive LiDAR Adaptation-aided Road Detection (PLARD) approach to adapt LiDAR information into visual image-based road detection and improve detection performance. In PLARD, progressive LiDAR adaptation consists of two subsequent modules: 1) data space adaptation, which transforms the LiDAR data to the visual data space to align with the perspective view by applying altitude difference-based transformation; and 2) feature space adaptation, which adapts LiDAR features to visual features through a cascaded fusion structure. Comprehensive empirical studies on the well-known KITTI road detection benchmark demonstrate that PLARD takes advantage of both the visual and LiDAR information, achieving much more robust road detection even in challenging urban scenes. In particular, PLARD outperforms other state-of-the-art road detection models and is currently top of the publicly accessible benchmark leader-board.
Climate Change Mitigation Activities and Determinants in the Rural Guinea Savannah of Nigeria
Creators: name: Abraham, Falola
name: Bamidele, Fakayode Segun
name: Adebola, Akangbe Jones
name: Kobe, Ibrahim Hussein
name: Abraham, Falola
name: Bamidele, Fakayode Segun
name: Adebola, Akangbe Jones
name: Kobe, Ibrahim Hussein
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Nigeria loses about $750 million annually to the depletion of its 350 000 hectares of land by direct human activities and climate change. Consequently, the Sahara Desert has been moving southwards by 600 metres annually. 10 000 farming families have already been forced to move off the degraded land that has become barren. In the light of this, this study examined climate mitigation activities and determinants in Nigeria. Specifically, the study examined climate change knowledge/perception, cost implications and mitigation practices of rural households as well as factors responsible for the level of mitigation activities. 120 household respondents were selected across 8 communities in the Guinea Savannah of Kwara State, Nigeria. Study analytical tools used were descriptive statistics, principal component and Tobit analysis. Results showed that households perceived the effects of increased temperatures, reduced rainfall, desertification, flooding and increased crop pest and disease infestations. Crop harvest losses due to changing climate were large and worrisome. Principal component analysis PCA results implied that prevalent practices undertaken to combat climate change were crude and non-radical. These activities were inorganic and organic fertilizers use, mulching, bush fallow and crude agro-forestry practices. Factors determining the extent of mitigation activities were found to include educational status, type of farming activities and farm size. The study therefore calls for radical efforts at educating the rural masses on climate change devastations and the need for mitigating climate change, use of early maturing crop varieties. Green zone/forest should be developed while tree planting and afforestation should be encouraged and possibly enforced.
K$^+$ production in proton-nucleus reactions and the role of momentum-dependent potentials
Creators: name: Rudy, Z.
name: Cassing, W.
name: Jarczyk, L.
name: Kamys, B.
name: Kulessa, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of $K^+$ mesons in proton-nucleus collisions from 1.0 to 2.5 GeV is analyzed with respect to one-step nucleon-nucleon $(NN\to N Y K^+$) and two-step $Δ$-nucleon $(ΔN \to K^+ Y N$) or pion-nucleon $(πN \to K^+ Y $) production channels on the basis of a coupled-channel transport approach (CBUU) including the kaon final state interactions. The influence of momentum-dependent potentials for the nucleon, hyperon and kaon in the final state are studied as well as the importance of $K^+$ elastic rescattering in the target nucleus. The transport calculations are compared to the experimental $K^+$ spectra taken at LBL Berkeley, SATURNE, CELSIUS, GSI and COSY-Jülich. It is found that the momentum-dependent baryon potentials effect the excitation function of the $K^+$ cross section; at low bombarding energies of $\sim $ 1.0 GeV the attractive baryon potentials in the final state lead to a relative enhancement of the kaon yield whereas the net repulsive potential at bombarding energies $\sim$ 2 GeV causes a decrease of the $K^+$ cross section. Furthermore it is pointed out, that especially the $K^+$ spectra at low momenta (or kinetic energy $T_K$) allow to determine the in-medium $K^+$ potential almost model independently due to a relative shift of the $K^+$ spectra in kinetic energy that arises from the acceleration of the kaons when propagating out of the nuclear medium to free space, i.e. converting potential energy to kinetic energy of the free kaon.
description: 11 pages, LaTeX, including 10 postscript figures, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. A
Evolution of the Merchantability and the Level of Ochratoxin A of Ivorian Cocoa Beans from Production Areas during the Harvest Season
Creators: name: Coulibaly, Adama
name: Dembele, Ardjouma
name: Biego, Henri Marius Godi
name: Silue, Nahoule
name: Toure, A. Abba
name: Coulibaly, Adama
name: Dembele, Ardjouma
name: Biego, Henri Marius Godi
name: Silue, Nahoule
name: Toure, A. Abba
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: This study aims to investigate the evolution, throughout the harvest season, of merchantability criteria and Ochratoxin A (OTA) levels in cocoa beans produced in Cote d'Ivoire. To this end, 567 samples of cocoa beans, collected in 6 production areas during the 2007-2008 season, were analyzed. Merchantability and OTA levels were determined respectively according to the Ivorian Coffee and Cocoa stock exchange standards and the European Community regulation related to the analytical methods for the control of mycotoxins levels in foodstuffs (EC 401/2006). Concerning merchantability, a significant difference at 5% risk was revealed between the values of moisture, graining and grades. As regards OTA levels, the concentrations obtained ranged from 0.41 µg/kg to 1.36 µg/kg of cocoa beans with an average concentration of 0.69 µg/kg. These concentrations are all below the maximum value set at 2 µg/kg by the European Commission. Moldy and/or slaty beans are chiefly answerable for the depreciation of cocoa beans marketability. These results served to devise a map summarizing the quality of Ivorian cocoa beans. Needless to say, this map is just a representation of a situation at a given time, and should therefore contribute to take up decisions relevant to the application of good production and postharvest processing practices in the country’s quest for cocoa beans of prime quality.
DNA methylation repels binding of hypoxia-inducible transcription factors to maintain tumor immunotolerance
Creators: name: D’Anna, Flora
name: Van Dyck, Laurien
name: Xiong, Jieyi
name: Zhao, Hui
name: Berrens, Rebecca V.
name: Qian, Junbin
name: Bieniasz-Krzywiec, Pawel
name: Chandra, Vikas
name: Schoonjans, Luc
name: Matthews, Jason
name: De Smedt, Julie
name: Minnoye, Liesbeth
name: Amorim, Ricardo
name: Khorasanizadeh, Sepideh
name: Yu, Qian
name: Zhao, Liyun
name: De Borre, Marie
name: Savvides, Savvas N.
name: Simon, M. Celeste
name: Carmeliet, Peter
name: Reik, Wolf
name: Rastinejad, Fraydoon
name: Mazzone, Massimiliano
name: Thienpont, Bernard
name: Lambrechts, Diether
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research
DNA methylation
Hypoxia
HIF
Cryptic transcripts
Immunotherapy
Cancer
Transcription factor binding

description: Abstract: Background: Hypoxia is pervasive in cancer and other diseases. Cells sense and adapt to hypoxia by activating hypoxia-inducible transcription factors (HIFs), but it is still an outstanding question why cell types differ in their transcriptional response to hypoxia. Results: We report that HIFs fail to bind CpG dinucleotides that are methylated in their consensus binding sequence, both in in vitro biochemical binding assays and in vivo studies of differentially methylated isogenic cell lines. Based on in silico structural modeling, we show that 5-methylcytosine indeed causes steric hindrance in the HIF binding pocket. A model wherein cell-type-specific methylation landscapes, as laid down by the differential expression and binding of other transcription factors under normoxia, control cell-type-specific hypoxia responses is observed. We also discover ectopic HIF binding sites in repeat regions which are normally methylated. Genetic and pharmacological DNA demethylation, but also cancer-associated DNA hypomethylation, expose these binding sites, inducing HIF-dependent expression of cryptic transcripts. In line with such cryptic transcripts being more prone to cause double-stranded RNA and viral mimicry, we observe low DNA methylation and high cryptic transcript expression in tumors with high immune checkpoint expression, but not in tumors with low immune checkpoint expression, where they would compromise tumor immunotolerance. In a low-immunogenic tumor model, DNA demethylation upregulates cryptic transcript expression in a HIF-dependent manner, causing immune activation and reducing tumor growth. Conclusions: Our data elucidate the mechanism underlying cell-type-specific responses to hypoxia and suggest DNA methylation and hypoxia to underlie tumor immunotolerance.
Nanorheology of interfacial water during ice gliding
Creators: name: Canale, L.
name: Comtet, J.
name: Nigues, A.
name: Cohen, C.
name: Clanet, C.
name: Siria, A.
name: Bocquet, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The slipperiness of ice is an everyday-life phenomenon which, surprisingly, remains controversial despite a long scientific history. The very small friction measured on ice is classically attributed to the presence of a thin self-lubricating film of meltwater between the slider and the ice. But while the macroscale friction behavior of ice and snow has been widely investigated, very little is known about the interfacial water film and its mechanical properties. In this work, we develop a stroke-probe force measurement technique to uncover the microscopic mechanisms underlying ice lubrication. We simultaneously measure the shear friction of a bead on ice and quantify the in-situ mechanical properties of the interfacial film, as well as its thickness, under various regimes of speed and temperature. In contrast with standard views, meltwater is found to exhibit a complex visco-elastic rheology, with a viscosity up to two orders of magnitude larger than pristine water. The non-conventional rheology of meltwater provides a new, consistent, rationale for ice slipperiness. Hydrophobic coatings are furthermore shown to strongly reduce friction due to a surprising change in the local viscosity, providing an unexpected explanation for waxing effects in winter sports. Beyond ice friction, our results suggest new avenues towards self-healing lubricants to achieve ultra-low friction.
description: supplemental materials on request
Generalised $μ$-$τ$ symmetries and calculable gauge kinetic and mass mixing in $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ models
Creators: name: Joshipura, Anjan S.
name: Mahajan, Namit
name: Patel, Ketan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensions of the standard model with a $U(1)$ gauge symmetry contain gauge invariant kinetic mixing, $\sinχ$, and gauge non-invariant mass mixing, $δM^2$, between the hypercharge and the new gauge boson $Z'$. These represent a priori incalculable but phenomenologically important parameters of the theory. They become calculable if there exist spontaneously or softly broken symmetries which forbid them at tree level but allow their generation at the loop level. We discuss various symmetries falling in this category in the context of the gauged $L_μ-L_τ$ models and their interplay with lepton mixing. It is shown that one gets phenomenologically inconsistent lepton mixing parameters if these symmetries are exact. Spontaneous breaking of these symmetries can lead to consistent lepton mixing and also generates finite and calculable values of these parameters at one or two loop order depending on the underlying symmetry. We calculate these parameters in two specific cases: (i) the standard seesaw model with $μ$-$τ$ symmetry broken by the masses of the right-handed neutrinos and (ii) in a model containing a pair of vectorlike charged leptons which break $μ$-$τ$ symmetry. In case (i), the right-handed neutrinos are the only source of gauge mixing. The kinetic mixing parameters are suppressed and vanish if the right-handed neutrinos decouple from the theory. In contrast, there exists a finite gauge mixing in case (ii) which survives even when the masses of vectorlike leptons are taken to infinity, exhibiting non-decoupling behaviour. The seesaw model discussed here represents a complete framework with practically no kinetic mixing and hence can survive a large number of experimental probes used to rule out specific ranges in the coupling $g^\prime$ and mass $M_{Z^\prime}$. The model can generate non-universality in tau decays, which can be tested in future experiments.
description: 26 pages; Published version
Could affectivity compete better than efficacy in describing and explaining individuals' coping behavior: An empirical investigation
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Organizational Behavioral Psychology
subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This article raises a new issue by proposing that an individual's coping behaviour is not influenced only by efficacy. Most of the previous articles suggest that efficacy (i.e., susceptibility and severity) predominantly affects individuals' coping behaviour. This study counters many previous articles by replacing the efficacy with affectivity. This study suggests that the three determinants of affectivity (i.e., negative affectivity, trait anxiety and computer insecurity) that affect how internet users act or cope with something they encounter. This article contributes a new idea by arguing and subsequently finding that the determinant of individuals' coping behaviour is erraticism. The model in this study is more sophisticated in how it explains users' coping behaviour than Chen and Zahedi's (2016) model. It means that individuals' coping behaviours are predominantly influenced by negative affectivity, anxiety, and insecurity (affectivity) rather than susceptibility and severity (efficacy). According to these findings, this study concludes that social media systems must be able to cope with the users' affective behavioural patterns. Henceforth it has significant consequences in terms of strategic high-technology. Specifically, there are consequences for the Information Systems Development that gravitates towards social networking. The new systems must be able to trigger users to cope with adaptive structurization and knowledge management sharing. Also, this development must be able to reduce dysfunctional functions and computer crime risks.
Effects of jet algorithms from higher order QCD in $W^\pm$ mass determinations at LEP2
Creators: name: Maina, E.
name: Moretti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the impact of systematic effects due to the scale dependence of QCD corrections in combination with the use of different jet clustering algorithms in the measurement of the $W^\pm$ mass in the fully hadronic decay mode of $W^+W^-$ pairs produced at LEP2. We consider higher order contributions induced by both virtual and real gluon radiation onto the electroweak CC03 and CC11 channels through ${\cal O}(α_{s})$ at the parton level. We find that the associated uncertainties can be of order 100 MeV, thus competitive with those possibly arising in the non-perturbative regime and indeed above the current experimental estimates.
description: 16 pages, latex, 4 figures, version to appear in EPJdirectC
Assessment of Fertilizer Policy, Farmers’ Perceptions and Implications for Future Agricultural Development in Nepal
Creators: name: Raut, Nani
name: Sitaula, Bishal K.
name: Raut, Nani
name: Sitaula, Bishal K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: This paper assesses the origins of and changes to fertilizer policy in Nepal over a period of time. It assesses farmers’ awareness of the recent changes to the subsidy policy and examines their perceptions of the extension services. This paper looks at the environmental implications of the concentrated application of chemical fertilizer, particularly as far as food security is concerned. Questionnaire surveys, group discussions, a workshop, soil analyses and archival materials were used to collect data for this study. Changes in fertilizer policy have occurred in four different phases: (i) without subsidy; (ii) with subsidy; (iii) with deregulation of fertilizer trade; and (iv) the current phase of subsidies for fertilizer. However, timely and effective fertilizer distribution by the government has always been a problem. Only few farmers (12 %) know about recent changes in the fertilizer policy; most of them (44 %) were satisfied with the new subsidy scheme. Valid proof of land ownership is a requirement for qualifying for subsidized fertilizer, and this makes it difficult for some small farmers who are tenant. The soil analysis indicated a significant decrease in the soil pH as a result of intensified agriculture. One reason is due to the intensive use of chemical fertilizers and the declining use of farmyard manure. The ineffectiveness of the extension services also influences farmers’ use of fertilizer as they are not aware of which fertilizer and how much to use. The use of fertilizer may increase yields in the short term, but in the longer term, it may worsen the food insecurity in the country.
Picomolar concentrations of oligomeric alpha-synuclein sensitizes TLR4 to play an initiating role in Parkinson’s disease pathogenesis
Creators: name: Hughes, Craig D.
name: Choi, Minee L.
name: Ryten, Mina
name: Hopkins, Lee
name: Drews, Anna
name: Botía, Juan A.
name: Iljina, Maria
name: Rodrigues, Margarida
name: Gagliano, Sarah A.
name: Gandhi, Sonia
name: Bryant, Clare
name: Klenerman, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Original Paper
Innate immunity
TLR4
Alpha-synuclein
Aggregation
Parkinson’s disease

description: Funder: Alzheimer’s Research UK; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002283
description: Abstract: Despite the wealth of genomic and transcriptomic data in Parkinson’s disease (PD), the initial molecular events are unknown. Using LD score regression analysis, we show significant enrichment in PD heritability within regulatory sites for LPS-activated monocytes and that TLR4 expression is highest within human substantia nigra, the most affected brain region, suggesting a role for TLR4 inflammatory responses. We then performed extended incubation of cells with physiological concentrations of small alpha-synuclein oligomers observing the development of a TLR4-dependent sensitized inflammatory response with time, including TNF-α production. ROS and cell death in primary neuronal cultures were significantly reduced by TLR4 antagonists revealing that an indirect inflammatory mechanism involving cytokines produced by glial cells makes a major contribution to neuronal death. Prolonged exposure to low levels of alpha-synuclein oligomers sensitizes TLR4 responsiveness in astrocytes and microglial, explaining how they become pro-inflammatory, and may be an early causative event in PD.
Self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) of Amomum compactum essential oil: Design, formulation, and characterization
Creators: name: Universitas Gadjah Mada
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The main purpose of this study was to formulate and to characterize a self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems of cardamom (Amomum compactum) essential oil. The optimum formula was analyzed using a D-Optimal mixture designed by varying concentrations of oil component (Amomum compactum essential oil and virgin coconut oil), Tween 80, and polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) (v/v) using a Design Expert® Ver. 7.1.5. Emulsification time and transmittance were selected as responses for optimization. The optimum formula was characterized by droplet size, zeta potential, viscosity, thermodynamic stability, and morphology using Transmission Electron Microscopy. SNEDDS of Amomum compactum essential oil was successfully formulated to SNEDDS using 10% of Amomum compactum essential oil, 10% of virgin coconut oil, 65.71% of Tween 80, and 14.29% of PEG 400. The characterization result showed the percent transmittance 99.37 ± 0.06, emulsification time 46.38 ± 0.61 s, the average droplet size 13.97 ± 0.31 nm with PI 0.06 ± 0.05, zeta potential −28.8 to −45.9 mV, viscosity 187.5 ± 0 mPa·s, passed the thermodynamic stress tests, and indicated spherical shape. The study revealed that the formulation has increased solubility and stability of Amomum compactum essential oil.
Impacts of Changes in Exchange Rate and International Prices on Agriculture and Economy of the Sudan: Computable General Equilibrium Analysis
Creators: name: Elsheikh, Omer Elgaili
name: Elbushra, Azharia Abdelbagi
name: Salih, Ali A. A.
name: Elsheikh, Omer Elgaili
name: Elbushra, Azharia Abdelbagi
name: Salih, Ali A. A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: Changes in exchange rate and international prices greatly affect food availability, the agricultural sector, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP). This study quantifies the effects of change in exchange rate and world prices on Sudan’s agricultural production, imports, exports, and GDP. Special emphasis has been placed on sorghum and wheat, the main food grains. A Standard Computable General Equilibrium model has been developed and used for the analysis. The main objective is to contribute to policy-making process for enhancing food security and social welfare in the Sudan. Currency depreciation would reduce wheat imports and increase its domestic production, increase sorghum export, increase domestic output and export of sesame and cotton, and improves GDP; and vice versa for appreciation. Appreciation favors urban (wheat) consumers, whereas depreciation favors rural (sorghum) consumers. Increasing world price of wheat would decrease its imports, whereas that of sorghum would encourage its production and export, and increase domestic food prices. GDP decreases due to investment reduction. It is recommended that wheat import should be conditioned on hard currency availability and food gap, while maintaining stable exchange rate that strike a balance between encouraging sorghum exports and wheat imports. It is also recommended to encourage innovation of fast food from traditional grains to curb the shift to wheat consumption.
The Impact of Home Sharing on Residential Real Estate Markets
Creators: name: , Bao
name: Shah
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: sharing economy
time series analysis
random effect panel model
rents

description: This paper explores the effects of home-sharing platforms in general and Airbnb in particular on rental rates at a neighbourhood level. Using consumer-facing Airbnb data from ten neighbourhoods located within large metropolitan areas in the U.S. between 2013−2017, as well as rental data from the American online real estate database company, Zillow, this paper examines the relationship between Airbnb penetration and rental rates. The results indicate that the relationship is not as unanimous as once thought. Viewing the relationship at an aggregate level, an approach used by many researchers in the past, hides the complexities of the underlying effects. Instead, Airbnb’s impact on rental rates depends on a neighbourhood’s individual characteristics. This study also urges policy makers to create tailor-made solutions that help curb the negative impacts associated with the platform whilst still harnessing its economic benefits.
Dynamical symmetries and the Ermakov invariant
Creators: name: Haas, F.
name: Goedert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 70H33; 70H06

description: Ermakov systems possessing Noether point symmetry are identified among the Ermakov systems that derive from a Lagrangian formalism and, the Ermakov invariant is shown to result from an associated symmetry of dynamical character. The Ermakov invariant and the associated Noether invariant, are sufficient to reduce these systems to quadratures.
Leucothoe panpulco J. L. Barnard 1961
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe panpulco

description: Leucothoe panpulco J.L. Barnard, 1961
 Leucothoe panpulco J.L. Barnard, 1961a: 75, 76, fig. 44.
 Type locality and specimens. Acapulco, Panama, 9°23'N 89°32'W. Holotype, female, 9 mm; paratype, sex unknown, 7 mm.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by J. L. Barnard (1961).
 Diagnosis (female). Poorly developed eyes. Mandibular palp article 3 elongate. Antenna 1 flagellum elongate. Gnathopod 2 basis with setose posterior margin. Pereopods 5–7 bases narrowly expanded. Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner produced. Telson apex rounded.
 Male (sexually dimorphic characters). Unknown.
 Habitat. Dark muddish clay; 3570 m.
 Host. Unknown.
 Distribution. Pacific Ocean: Acapulco and Panama (J.L. Barnard 1961a).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 66, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
TEX15 is an essential executor of MIWI2-directed transposon DNA methylation and silencing
Creators: name: Schöpp, Theresa
name: Zoch, Ansgar
name: Berrens, Rebecca V.
name: Auchynnikava, Tania
name: Kabayama, Yuka
name: Vasiliauskaitė, Lina
name: Rappsilber, Juri
name: Allshire, Robin C.
name: O’Carroll, Dónal
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/136/2434/1822
/631/337/384/2054
/14/19
/13/31
/45/22
/45/90
/45/91
article

description: Abstract: The PIWI protein MIWI2 and its associated PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) instruct DNA methylation of young active transposable elements (TEs) in the male germline. piRNAs are proposed to recruit MIWI2 to the transcriptionally active TE loci by base pairing to nascent transcripts, however the downstream mechanisms and effector proteins utilized by MIWI2 in directing de novo TE methylation remain incompletely understood. Here, we show that MIWI2 associates with TEX15 in foetal gonocytes. TEX15 is predominantly a nuclear protein that is not required for piRNA biogenesis but is essential for piRNA-directed TE de novo methylation and silencing. In summary, TEX15 is an essential executor of mammalian piRNA-directed DNA methylation.
Activity of Naturally Derived Antimicrobial Peptides against Filamentous Fungi Relevant for Agriculture
Creators: name: Larrañaga, Patricia
name: Díaz-Dellavalle, Paola
name: Cabrera, Andrea
name: Alem, Diego
name: Leoni, Carolina
name: Almeida-Souza, André Luis
name: Giovanni-De-Simone, Salvatore
name: Dalla-Rizza, Marco
name: Larrañaga, Patricia
name: Díaz-Dellavalle, Paola
name: Cabrera, Andrea
name: Alem, Diego
name: Leoni, Carolina
name: Almeida-Souza, André Luis
name: Giovanni-De-Simone, Salvatore
name: Dalla-Rizza, Marco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance

description: The search for environmentally biocompatible and cost-effective methods to control filamentous fungi in agriculture is becoming increasingly urgent. In vitro antimicrobial activity of three synthetic peptides was investigated against some filamentous fungi with agricultural relevance. The peptides were an analog of Temporin called Temporizina, a fragment from Pleurocidin termed Plc-2, and a peptide identified from sesame seeds named Pses3. Antimicrobial activity of these peptides towards filamentous fungi has not been previously reported. Seven plant pathogenic or mycotoxigenic fungal species, isolated from plant tissues were assayed: Alternaria solani, Colletotrichum gloesporioides, Fulvia fulvum, Fusarium oxisporum, Aspergillus niger, A. ochraceus and Penicillium digitatum. Values of Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) and Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC) were determined and compared with the commercially available fungicide Captan as a positive control. The peptides showing greatest inhibition were Pses3 and Plc-2 and C. gloesporioides was the most sensitive of the evaluated fungi. The MICvalues for Plc-2 and Pses3 peptides ranged from 0.64 µM to 10.25 µM. These values were much lower than those observed for Captan, suggesting the potential of these peptides as fungicides. In particular, Pses3 is a novel peptide derived from sesame seeds not reported in databases.
Soft Supersymmetry Breaking and the Supersymmetric Standard Model
Creators: name: Dimopoulos, Savas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We recall how the idea of Softly Broken Supersymmetry led to the construction of the Supersymmetric Standard Model in 1981. Its first prediction, the supersymmetric unification of gauge couplings, was conclusively verified by the LEP and SLC experiments 10 years later. Its other predictions include: the existence of superparticles at the electroweak scale; a stable lightest superparticle (LSP) with a mass of $\sim 100$ GeV, anticipated to be a neutral electroweak gaugino; the universality of scalar and gaugino masses at the unification scale. The original motivation for the model, solving the hierarchy problem, indicates that the superparticles should be discovered at the LHC or the TeVatron.
description: Invited talk presented at the "Thirty Years of Supersymmetry" Symposium, University of Minnesota, October 13-15, 2000