cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lattice three-gluon vertex in extended kinematics: planar degeneracy
Creators: name: Pinto-Gómez, F.
name: De Soto, F.
name: Ferreira, M. N.
name: Papavassiliou, J.
name: Rodríguez-Quintero, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present novel results for the three-gluon vertex, obtained from an extensive quenched lattice simulation in the Landau gauge. The simulation evaluates the transversely projected vertex, spanned on a special tensorial basis, whose form factors are naturally parametrized in terms of individually Bose-symmetric variables. Quite interestingly, when evaluated in these kinematics, the corresponding form factors depend almost exclusively on a single kinematic variable, formed by the sum of the squares of the three incoming four-momenta, $q$, $r$, and $p$. Thus, all configurations lying on a given plane in the coordinate system $(q^2, r^2, p^2)$ share, to a high degree of accuracy, the same form factors, a property that we denominate \emph{planar degeneracy}. We have confirmed the validity of this property through an exhaustive study of the set of configurations satisfying the condition $q^2 = r^2$, within the range $[0, 5\, \rm GeV]$. Moreover, a preliminary exploration reveals that the planar degeneracy persist in the case of more arbitrary configurations. This drastic simplification allows for a remarkably compact description of the main bulk of the data, which is particularly suitable for future numerical applications. A semi-perturbative analysis reproduces the lattice findings rather accurately, once the inclusion of a gluon mass has cured all spurious divergences.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Joint CLT for top eigenvalues of sample covariance matrices of separable high dimensional long memory processes
Creators: name: Tian, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15B52 (Primary) 15B05, 60G10, 15A18, 45E10 (Secondary)

description: For $N,n\in\mathbb N$, consider the sample covariance matrix $$S_N(T)=\frac{1}{N}XX^*$$ from a data set $X=C_N^{1/2}ZT_n^{1/2}$, where $Z=(Z_{i,j})$ is a $N\times n$ matrix having i.i.d. entries with mean zero and variance one, and $C_N, T_n$ are deterministic positive semi-definite Hermitian matrices of dimension $N$ and $n$, respectively. We assume that $(C_N)_N$ is bounded in spectral norm, and $T_n$ is a Toeplitz matrix with its largest eigenvalues diverging to infinity. The matrix $X$ can be viewed as a data set of an $N$-dimensional long memory stationary process having separable dependence structure. As $N,n\to \infty$ and $Nn^{-1} \to r\in (0,\infty)$, we establish the asymptotics and the joint CLT for $(λ_1(S_N(T)),\cdots, λ_m(S_N(T))^\top$ where $λ_j(S_N(T))$ denotes the $j$th largest eigenvalue of $S_N(T)$, and $m$ is a fixed integer. For the CLT, we first study the case where the entries of $Z$ are Gaussian, and then we generalize the result to some more generic cases. This result substantially extends our previous result in Merlevède et al. 2019, where we studied $λ_1(S_N(T))$ in the case where $m=1$ and $X=ZT_n^{1/2}$ with $Z$ having Gaussian entries. In order to establish this CLT, we are led to study the first order asymptotics of the largest eigenvalues and the associated eigenvectors of some deterministic Toeplitz matrices. We are specially interested in the autocovariance matrices of long memory stationary processes. We prove multiple spectral gap properties for the largest eigenvalues and a delocalization property for their associated eigenvectors.
Limit theorems for the empirical distribution function of scaled increments of Itô semimartingales at high frequencies
Creators: name: Todorov, Viktor
name: Tauchen, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive limit theorems for the empirical distribution function of "devolatilized" increments of an Itô semimartingale observed at high frequencies. These "devolatilized" increments are formed by suitably rescaling and truncating the raw increments to remove the effects of stochastic volatility and "large" jumps. We derive the limit of the empirical c.d.f. of the adjusted increments for any Itô semimartingale whose dominant component at high frequencies has activity index of $1
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/13-AAP965 the Annals of Applied Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aap/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
$σ$CDM coupled to radiation. Dark energy and Universe acceleration
Creators: name: Abbyazov, Renat R.
name: Chervon, Sergey V.
name: Müller, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the Chiral Cosmological Model (CCM) coupled to cold dark matter (CDM) has been investigated as $σ$CDM model to study the observed accelerated expansion of the Universe. Dark sector fields (as Dark Energy content) coupled to cosmic dust were considered as the source of Einstein gravity in Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) cosmology. Such model had a beginning at the matter-dominated era. The purposes of our present investigation are two folds: to extend <> of the $σ$CDM for earlier times to radiation-dominated era and to take into account variation of the exponential potential via variation of the interaction parameter $λ$. We use Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) procedure to investigate possible values of initial conditions constrained by the measured amount of the dark matter, dark energy and radiation component today. Our analysis includes dark energy contribution to critical density, the ratio of the kinetic and potential energies, deceleration parameter, effective equation of state and evolution of DE equation of state with variation of coupling constant $λ$. A comparison with the $Λ$CDM model was performed. A new feature of the model is the existence of some values of potential coupling constant, leading to a $σ$CDM solution without transit into accelerated expansion epoch.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Single-shot determination of quantum phases via continuous measurements
Creators: name: Patra, Aniket
name: Buchmann, Lukas F.
name: Motzoi, Felix
name: Mølmer, Klaus
name: Sherson, Jacob
name: Nielsen, Anne E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that weak continuous probing may be exploited to determine and define quantum phases of complex many-body systems based on the measurement record alone. We test the resulting phase criterion in numerical simulations of measurements on the Bose-Hubbard model and the quantum Ising chain. This yields a phase transition point in reasonable agreement with the quantum phase transition in the ground state of the closed system in the thermodynamic limit, despite the system being highly excited through the measurement dynamics. At high measurement strengths, the system's response enters a Zeno regime suppressing transitions between eigenstates of the measurement operator.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
A Comprehensive Study on Galaxies at z~9-16 Found in the Early JWST Data: UV Luminosity Functions and Cosmic Star-Formation History at the Pre-Reionization Epoch
Creators: name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Isobe, Yuki
name: Umeda, Hiroya
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: Zhang, Yechi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a comprehensive study on dropout galaxy candidates at $z\sim9-16$ using the first 90 arcmin$^2$ JWST/NIRCam images taken by the early release observations (ERO) and early release science (ERS) programs. With the JWST simulation images, we find that a number of foreground interlopers are selected with a weak photo-$z$ determination ($Δχ^2>4$). We thus carefully apply a secure photo-$z$ selection criterion ($Δχ^2>9$) and conventional color criteria with confirmations of the ERO NIRSpec spectroscopic redshifts, and obtain a total of 23 dropout galaxies at $z\sim9-16$, including two candidates at $z_\mathrm{phot}=16.25_{-0.46}^{+0.24}$ and $16.41_{-0.55}^{+0.66}$. We perform thorough comparisons of dropout galaxies found in our work with recent JWST studies, and conclude that our galaxy sample is reliable enough for statistical analyses. We derive the UV luminosity functions at $z\sim9-16$, and confirm that our UV luminosity functions at $z\sim 9$ and $12$ agree with those determined by other HST and JWST studies. The cosmic star-formation rate density decreases from $z\sim9$ to $12$, and perhaps to $16$, but the densities at $z\sim12-16$ are higher than the constant star formation efficiency model. Interestingly, there are six bright galaxy candidates at $z\sim10-16$ with $M_\mathrm{UV}<-19.5$ mag and $M_*\sim10^{8-9} M_\odot$. Because a majority ($\sim80$\%) of these galaxies show no signatures of AGNs in their morphologies, the high cosmic star-formation rate densities and the existence of these UV-luminous galaxies are explained by no suppression of star-formation by the UV background radiation at the pre-reionization epoch and/or an efficient UV radiation production by a top-heavy IMF with Population III-like star formation.
description: 38 pages, 21 figures. ApJS in press. All of the results are updated based on the latest NIRCam flux calibration (jwst_0995.pmap)
Machine learning style rotation – evidence from the Johannesburg Stock Exchange
Creators: name: Page, Daniel
name: McClelland, David
name: Auret, Christo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: This study evaluates naïve and advanced prediction models when applied to style rotation strategies on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange (‘JSE’). We apply 1- and 3-month style momentum as naïve predictors against three tree-based machine learning (‘ML’) algorithms (advanced predictors), namely Random Forest, XGBoost and LightGBM. Additionally, the study corrects for a shortcoming in the literature by incorporating trading costs into back-tested portfolio sorts. The results of the study are threefold. First, style rotation strategies based on advanced predictors achieve superior risk-adjusted returns when compared to naïve momentum. Of the three ML models applied, XGboost is superior, followed by LightGBM, implying that gradient boosters are superior to less advanced ensemble methods (Random Forest) which are in-turn superior to style momentum. Second, short-term momentum results in the highest share turnover across style rotation strategies, resulting in the largest negative impact associated with trading costs. Third, contrary to similar studies, the incorporation of price momentum as an independent variable in factor spanning tests renders most time-series alphas statistically insignificant. This study considers the application of machine learning ("ML") for style rotation. The results indicate that ML based rotation signals generate excess performance relative to momentum based style rotation when applied on a cross-section of emerging market (South African) listed equities.
Diverse phosphate and auxin transport loci distinguish phosphate tolerant from sensitive Arabidopsis accessions
Creators: name: Yi, Changyu
name: Wang, Xinchao
name: Chen, Qian
name: Callahan, Damien L
name: Fournier-Level, Alexandre
name: Whelan, James
name: Jost, Ricarda
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Abstract Phosphorus is an essential element for plant growth often limiting agroecosystems. To identify genetic determinants of performance under variable phosphate supply, we conducted genome-wide-association studies on five highly predictive phosphate starvation response traits in 200 Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) accessions. Phosphate concentration in phosphate-limited organs had the strongest, and primary root length had the weakest genetic component. Of 70 trait-associated candidate genes, 17 responded to phosphate withdrawal. The PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER1 gene cluster on chromosome 5 comprised PHT1;1, PHT1;2 and PHT1;3 with known impact on phosphorus status. A second locus featured uncharacterized endomembrane-associated auxin efflux carrier encoding PIN-LIKES7 (PILS7) which was more strongly suppressed in phosphate-limited roots of phosphate-starvation sensitive accessions. In the Col-0 background, phosphate uptake and organ growth were impaired in both phosphate-limited pht1;1 and two pils7 T-DNA insertion mutants, while phosphate-limited pht1;2 had higher biomass and pht1;3 was indistinguishable from wild type. Copy number variation at the PHT1 locus with loss of the PHT1;3 gene and smaller scale deletions in PHT1;1 and PHT1;2 predicted to alter both protein structure and function suggest diversification of PHT1 is a key driver for adaptation to phosphorus limitation. Haplogroup analysis revealed a phosphorylation site in the protein encoded by the PILS7 allele from stress-sensitive accessions as well as additional auxin-responsive elements in the promoter of the ‘stress tolerant’ allele. The former allele’s inability to complement the pils7-1 mutant in the Col-0 background implies the presence of a kinase signaling loop controlling PILS7 activity in accessions from phosphorus-rich environments, while survival in phosphorus-poor environments requires fine-tuning of stress-responsive root auxin signaling.
Mental Health Service Use Among Adolescents Following Participation in a Randomized Clinical Trial for Depression
Creators: name: Silva, Susan G.
name: Kratochvil, Christopher J.
name: Brenner, Sharon L.
name: Domino, Marisa Elena
name: Burns, Barbara J.
name: Curry, John F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a common disorder among adolescents. The Treatment for Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS) was a randomized-controlled trial to examine the efficacy of fluoxetine and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), separately and together, compared with placebo, in adolescents ages 12–17 years. The Survey of Outcomes Following Treatment for Adolescent Depression (SOFTAD) was designed as a naturalistic follow-up of participants in TADS. The aims of the current analyses are to describe mental health service use during the SOFTAD period.
Mapping atomic trapping in an optical superlattice onto the libration of a planar rotor in electric fields
Creators: name: Mirahmadi, Marjan
name: Friedrich, Bretislav
name: Schmidt, Burkhard
name: Pérez-Ríos, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that two seemingly unrelated problems - the trapping of an atom in an optical superlattice (OSL) and the libration of a planar rigid rotor in combined electric and optical fields - have isomorphic Hamiltonians. Formed by the interference of optical lattices whose spatial periods differ by a factor of two, OSL gives rise to a periodic potential that acts on atomic translation via the AC Stark effect. The latter system, also known as the generalized planar pendulum (GPP), is realized by subjecting a planar rigid rotor to combined orienting and aligning interactions due to the coupling of the rotor's permanent and induced electric dipole moments with the combined fields. The mapping makes it possible to establish correspondence between concepts developed for the two eigenproblems individually, such as localization on the one hand and orientation/alignment on the other. Moreover, since the GPP problem is conditionally quasi-exactly solvable (C-QES), so is atomic trapping in an OSL. We make use of both the correspondence and the quasi-exact solvability to treat ultracold atoms in an optical superlattice as a semifinite-gap system. The band structure of this system follows from the eigenenergies and their genuine and avoided crossings obtained previously for the GPP as analytic solutions of the Whittaker-Hill equation. These solutions characterize both the squeezing and the tunneling of atoms trapped in an optical superlattice and pave the way to unraveling their dynamics in analytic form.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables, Submitted to the New Journal of Physics
Replication and External Validation of a Bi-Factor Parameterization of Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Symptomatology
Creators: name: Blanton, Zane E.
name: Willoughby, Michael T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study evaluated the fit and criterion validity of a recently proposed bi-factor structure for ADHD symptoms. Participants included N=1093 children, drawn from an ongoing prospective longitudinal study, whose ADHD symptoms were rated by parents and teachers when children were in 1st grade. The criterion validity of the bi-factor model was established using a range of school-based outcomes that included treatment utilization, teacher perceptions of the need for treatment, academic functioning, and peer and teacher relationship quality. Results indicated that a bi-factor model parameterization provided an equally good fit to parent, teacher, and combined reports of ADHD symptoms as did traditional 1-, 2-, and 3-factor. However, in contrast to traditional models, the bi-factor parameterization acknowledged both the unity and diversity of ADHD symptoms. The general ADHD latent factor explained the vast majority of the observed variation in every symptom. Whereas the general ADHD latent factor was significantly associated with all 15 outcomes, the specific Inattentive factor explained unique variation in 9 (primarily the academically-oriented) outcomes and the specific Hyperactive-Impulsive factor explained unique variation in 2 outcomes. The general ADHD factor was more strongly correlated with each of the observed ADHD symptom scores (total, inattentive, hyperactive-impulsive) than was either specific factor. Results are discussed with respect to how changes in the conceptualization of the factor structure correspond to recent changes to the diagnostic criteria for ADHD, as well as whether/how individual differences in inattention and hyperactivity-impulsivity might be used to differentiate children who are diagnosed with ADHD.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (83)]
Creators: name: Protasius
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1424
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Der Presbyter Protasius de Dianis, beneficialis und rector der Kirche St. Raffaelis in Mailand, verpachtet dem Johanninus de Brippio, Sohn des verstorbenen Zanolus, und dem Paulus de Ronchadello, Sohn des verstorbenen Betinus, beide wohnhaft an der Porta Orientalis in der Gemeinde St. Stefani in Brolio in Mailand, ein Grunstück samt Haus und Viehbestand.
Unfiltered Administration of the YMRS and CDRS-R in a Clinical Sample of Children
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Fristad, Mary A.
name: Birmaher, Boris
name: Algorta, Guillermo Perez
name: Yee, Andrea M.
name: Findling, Robert L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The objective of this study is to evaluate discriminative validity of the Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) and Children’s Depression Rating Scale – Revised (CDRS-R) in a clinical sample of children when administered in an unfiltered manner (i.e., regardless of whether symptoms occur in a mood episode).
Tunable itinerant spin dynamics with polar molecules
Creators: name: Li, Jun-Ru
name: Matsuda, Kyle
name: Miller, Calder
name: Carroll, Annette N.
name: Tobias, William G.
name: Higgins, Jacob S.
name: Ye, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly interacting spins underlie many intriguing phenomena and applications ranging from magnetism to quantum information processing. Interacting spins combined with motion display exotic spin transport phenomena, such as superfluidity arising from pairing of spins induced by spin attraction. To understand these complex phenomena, an interacting spin system with high controllability is desired. Quantum spin dynamics have been studied on different platforms with varying capabilities. Here we demonstrate tunable itinerant spin dynamics enabled by dipolar interactions using a gas of potassium-rubidium molecules confined to two-dimensional planes, where a spin-1/2 system is encoded into the molecular rotational levels. The dipolar interaction gives rise to a shift of the rotational transition frequency and a collision-limited Ramsey contrast decay that emerges from the coupled spin and motion. Both the Ising and spin exchange interactions are precisely tuned by varying the strength and orientation of an electric field, as well as the internal molecular state. This full tunability enables both static and dynamical control of the spin Hamiltonian, allowing reversal of the coherent spin dynamics. Our work establishes an interacting spin platform that allows for exploration of many-body spin dynamics and spin-motion physics utilizing the strong, tunable dipolar interaction.
description: 22 pages, including 4 + 2 figures
Measuring the Orbits of the Arches and Quintuplet Clusters using HST and Gaia: Exploring Scenarios for Star Formation Near the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Hosek, Matthew W.
name: Do, Tuan
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Morris, Mark R.
name: Ghez, Andrea M.
name: Martinez, Gregory D.
name: Anderson, Jay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new absolute proper motion measurements for the Arches and Quintuplet clusters, two young massive star clusters near the Galactic center. Using multi-epoch HST observations, we construct proper motion catalogs for the Arches ($\sim$35,000 stars) and Quintuplet ($\sim$40,000 stars) fields in ICRF coordinates established using stars in common with the Gaia EDR3 catalog. The bulk proper motions of the clusters are measured to be ($μ_{α*}$, $μ_δ$) = (-0.80 $\pm$ 0.032, -1.89 $\pm$ 0.021) mas/yr for the Arches and ($μ_{α*}$, $μ_δ$) = (-0.96 $\pm$ 0.032, -2.29 $\pm$ 0.023) mas/yr for the Quintuplet, achieving $\sim$5x higher precision than past measurements. We place the first constraints on the properties of the cluster orbits that incorporate the uncertainty in their current line-of-sight distances. The clusters will not approach closer than $\sim$25 pc to SgrA*, making it unlikely that they will inspiral into the Nuclear Star Cluster within their lifetime. Further, the cluster orbits are not consistent with being circular; the average value of r$_{apo}$ / r$_{peri}$ is $\sim$1.9 (equivalent to eccentricity of $\sim$0.31) for both clusters. Lastly, we find that the clusters do not share a common orbit, challenging one proposed formation scenario in which the clusters formed from molecular clouds on the open stream orbit derived by Kruijssen et al. (2015). Meanwhile, our constraints on the birth location and velocity of the clusters offer mild support for a scenario in which the clusters formed via collisions between gas clouds on the x1 and x2 bar orbit families.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. 38 pages, 25 figures. Proper motion catalogs included in ancillary materials
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (84)]
Creators: name: Kanoniker Der Kirche St. Gaudentii In Novara
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1434
Subjects: subject: Sonstige geistliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Die namentlich genannten Kanoniker der Kirche St. Gaudentii in Novara bestätigen dem Antonius Teroniellus, Sohn des verstorbenen Robaldonus, den Pachtzins für das vorangegangene Jahr für ein Stück Land, gelegen auf dem Gebiet von Guilengum an einem Ort, genannt ad Massam bzw. ad Pizonum.
Revised Pediatric Reference Data for the Lateral Distal Femur Measured by Hologic Discovery/Delphi Dual-Energy X-Ray Absorptiometry
Creators: name: Harcke, H. Theodore
name: Paulhamus, Donna R.
name: Zemel, Babette S.
name: Henderson, Richard C.
name: Leonard, Mary B.
name: Stallings, Virginia A.
name: Kecskemethy, Heidi H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: BackgroundLateral distal femur (LDF) scans by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) are often feasible in children for whom other sites are not measurable. Pediatric reference data for LDF are not available for more recent DXA technology.AimsTo assess older pediatric LDF reference data, construct new reference curves for LDF bone mineral density (BMD), and demonstrate the comparability of LDF BMD to other measures of BMD and strength assessed by DXA and by peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT).MethodsLDF, spine and whole body scans of 821 healthy children, 5 to 18 years of age, recruited at a single center were obtained using a Hologic Delphi/Discovery system. Tibia trabecular and total BMD (3% site), cortical geometry (38% site) (cortical thickness, section modulus, strain strength index) were assessed by pQCT. Sex and race-specific reference curves were generated using LMS-ChartMaker and Z-scores calculated and compared by correlation analysis.ResultsZ-scores for LDF BMD based on published findings demonstrated overestimation or underestimation of the prevalence of low BMD-for-age depending on the region of interest considered. Revised LDF reference curves were generated. The new LDF Z-scores were strongly and significantly associated with weight, BMI, spine and whole body BMD Z-scores, and all pQCT Z-scores.ConclusionThese findings demonstrate the comparability of LDF measurements to other clinical and research bone density assessment modes, and enable assessment of BMD in children with disabilities, who are particularly prone to low trauma fractures of long bones, and for whom traditional DXA measurement sites are not feasible.
Spin-dependent transmission in curved graphene superlattice
Creators: name: El-hassouny, Jaouad
name: Jellal, Ahmed
name: Atmani, El Houssine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin-dependent transmission in a curved graphene superlattice of $N$ cells where each one is made up of four regions. The first is concave, and the third is convex, two arcs of circles separated by a distance $d$ from flat graphene sheets. The tunneling analysis allows us to determine all transmission and reflection channels associated with our system. As a result, we show that the number of cells acts by decreasing the transmissions with the same spin. We predict a solid spin-filtering effect when $d$ and $N$ are sufficiently large. Finally, it is determined that the degree and duration of suppression of the transmissions with the same spin over a range of energy are controllable using $d$.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Clarifications and references added. Version to appear in Phys. Scr
Parallel block preconditioners for virtual element discretizations of the time-dependent Maxwell equations
Creators: name: Barnafi, Nicolás A.
name: Dassi, Franco
name: Scacchi, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F08, 65M22, 65N20

description: The focus of this study is the construction and numerical validation of parallel block preconditioners for low order virtual element discretizations of the three-dimensional Maxwell equations. The virtual element method (VEM) is a recent technology for the numerical approximation of partial differential equations (PDEs), that generalizes finite elements to polytopal computational grids. So far, VEM has been extended to several problems described by PDEs, and recently also to the time-dependent Maxwell equations. When the time discretization of PDEs is performed implicitly, at each time-step a large-scale and ill-conditioned linear system must be solved, that, in case of Maxwell equations, is particularly challenging, because of the presence of both H(div) and H(curl) discretization spaces. We propose here a parallel preconditioner, that exploits the Schur complement block factorization of the linear system matrix and consists of a Jacobi preconditioner for the H(div) block and an auxiliary space preconditioner for the H(curl) block. Several parallel numerical tests have been perfomed to study the robustness of the solver with respect to mesh refinement, shape of polyhedral elements, time step size and the VEM stabilization parameter.
description: 21 pages, 10 tables, 4 figures
Adaptation of the Lateral Distal Femur DXA Scan Technique to Adults With Disabilities
Creators: name: Hidalgo, Sebastian T.
name: Thorpe, Deborah E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: AbstractThe technique that best addresses the challenges of assessing bone mineral density in children with neuromuscular impairments is a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan of the lateral distal femur. The purpose of this study was to adapt this technique to adults with neuromuscular impairments and to assess the reproducibility of these measurements. Thirty-one adults with cerebral palsy had both distal femurs scanned twice, with the subject removed and then repositioned between each scan (62 distal femurs, 124 scans). Each scan was independently analyzed twice by 3 different technologists of varying experience with DXA (744 analyses). Precision of duplicate analyses of the same scan was good (range: 0.4%–2.3%) and depended on both the specific region of interest and the experience of the technologist. Precision was reduced when comparing duplicate scans, ranging from 7% in the metaphyseal (cancellous) region to 2.5% in the diaphyseal (cortical) region. The least significant change was determined as recommended by the International Society for Clinical Densitometry for each technologist and each region of interest. Obtaining reliable, reproducible, and clinically relevant assessments of bone mineral density in adults with neuromuscular impairments can be challenging. The technique of obtaining DXA scans of the lateral distal femur can be successfully applied to this population but requires a commitment to developing the necessary expertise.
Woon et al., 2021. Language Experiences Overview: an individualised report describing children's multilingual language exposure
Creators: name: Le, Tuan Anh
name: Woon, Fei Ting
name: Binte Amran, Shaza
name: Styles, Suzy J
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bilingualism
Code mixing
Language Acquisition
Language Development
Language Planning
Language skills
Multilingualism
Singapore
Translanguaging

description: Conference paper presented at SRCD April 7-9 2021 Virtual Biennial Meeting
KIC 2856960: the impossible triple star
Creators: name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Armstrong, D. J.
name: Carter, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KIC 2856960 is a star in the Kepler field which was observed by Kepler for 4 years. It shows the primary and secondary eclipses of a close binary of 0.258d as well as complex dipping events that last for about 1.5d at a time and recur on a 204d period. The dips are thought to result when the close binary passes across the face of a third star. In this paper we present an attempt to model the dips. Despite the apparent simplicity of the system and strenuous efforts to find a solution, we find that we cannot match the dips with a triple star while satisfying Kepler's laws. The problem is that to match the dips the separation of the close binary has to be larger than possible relative to the outer orbit given the orbital periods. Quadruple star models can get round this problem but require the addition of a so-far undetected intermediate period of order 5 -- 20d that has be a near-perfect integer divisor of the outer 204d period. Although we have no good explanation for KIC 2856960, using the full set of Kepler data we are able to update several of its parameters. We also present a spectrum showing that KIC 2856960 is dominated by light from a K3- or K4-type star.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS August 21, 2014
External field and critical exponents in controlling dynamics on complex networks
Creators: name: Sanhedrai, Hillel
name: Havlin, Shlomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamical processes on complex networks, ranging from biological, technological and social systems, show phase transitions between distinct global states of the system. Often, such transitions rely upon the interplay between the structure and dynamics that takes place on it, such that weak connectivity, either sparse network or frail interactions, might lead to global activity collapse, while strong connectivity leads to high activity. Here, we show that controlling dynamics of a fraction of the nodes in such systems acts as an external field in a continuous phase transition. As such, it defines corresponding critical exponents, both at equilibrium and of the transient time. We find the critical exponents for a general class of dynamics using the leading orders of the dynamic functions. By applying this framework to three examples, we reveal distinct universality classes.
Physical Computing for Materials Acceleration Platforms
Creators: name: Peterson, Erik
name: Lavin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A ''technology lottery'' describes a research idea or technology succeeding over others because it is suited to the available software and hardware, not necessarily because it is superior to alternative directions--examples abound, from the synergies of deep learning and GPUs to the disconnect of urban design and autonomous vehicles. The nascent field of Self-Driving Laboratories (SDL), particularly those implemented as Materials Acceleration Platforms (MAPs), is at risk of an analogous pitfall: the next logical step for building MAPs is to take existing lab equipment and workflows and mix in some AI and automation. In this whitepaper, we argue that the same simulation and AI tools that will accelerate the search for new materials, as part of the MAPs research program, also make possible the design of fundamentally new computing mediums. We need not be constrained by existing biases in science, mechatronics, and general-purpose computing, but rather we can pursue new vectors of engineering physics with advances in cyber-physical learning and closed-loop, self-optimizing systems. Here we outline a simulation-based MAP program to design computers that use physics itself to solve optimization problems. Such systems mitigate the hardware-software-substrate-user information losses present in every other class of MAPs and they perfect alignment between computing problems and computing mediums eliminating any technology lottery. We offer concrete steps toward early ''Physical Computing (PC) -MAP'' advances and the longer term cyber-physical R&D which we expect to introduce a new era of innovative collaboration between materials researchers and computer scientists.
Well-posedness and applications of classical elastohydrodynamics for a swimming filament
Creators: name: Mori, Yoichiro
name: Ohm, Laurel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a classical elastohydrodynamic model of an inextensible filament undergoing planar motion in $\mathbb{R}^3$. The hydrodynamics are described by resistive force theory, and the fiber elasticity is governed by Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. Our aim is twofold: (1) Serve as a starting point for developing the mathematical analysis of filament elastohydrodynamics, particularly the analytical treatment of an inextensibility constraint, and (2) As an application, prove conditions on internal fiber forcing that allow a free-ended filament to swim. Our analysis of fiber swimming speed is supplemented with a numerical optimization of the internal fiber forcing, as well as a novel numerical method for simulating an inextensible swimmer.
description: 38 pages, many figures toward the end. Some typos fixed
Astrophysical Black Holes: A Review
Creators: name: Bambi, Cosimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review, I have tried to focus on the development of the field, from the first speculations to the current lines of research. According to Einstein's theory of general relativity, black holes are relatively simple objects and completely characterized by their mass, spin angular momentum, and electric charge, but the latter can be ignored in the case of astrophysical macroscopic objects. Search for black holes in the sky started in the early 1970s with the dynamical measurement of the mass of the compact object in Cygnus X-1. In the past 10-15 years, astronomers have developed some techniques for measuring the black hole spins. Recently, we have started using astrophysical black holes for testing fundamental physics.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at the Frascati Workshop 2019 "Multifrequency Behaviour of High Energy Cosmic Sources - XIII" (Palermo, Italy, 3-8 June 2019)
DXA Utilization Between 2006 and 2012 in Commercially Insured Younger Postmenopausal Women
Creators: name: Overman, Robert A.
name: Curtis, Jeffrey R.
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Farley, Joel F.
name: Gourlay, Margaret L.
name: Deal, Chad L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Reimbursement for dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans in the outpatient setting has declined significantly since 2006. Research through 2011 has suggested reimbursement reductions for DXA scans have corresponded with an overall decreased utilization of DXA. This study updates utilization estimates for DXAs through 2012 in patients with commercial insurance and compares DXA rates before and after reimbursement changes.
Time-dependent, long-term hydrodynamic simulations of the inner protoplanetary disk II: The importance of stellar rotation
Creators: name: Gehrig, Lukas
name: Steiner, Daniel
name: Vorobyov, Eduard
name: Güdel, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin evolution of young protostars, surrounded by an accretion disk, still poses problems for observations and theoretical models. In recent studies, the importance of the magnetic star-disk interaction for stellar spin evolution has been elaborated. The accretion disk in these studies, however, is only represented by a simplified model and important features are not considered. We combined the implicit hydrodynamic TAPIR disk code with a stellar spin evolution model. The influence of stellar magnetic fields on the disk dynamics, the radial position of the inner disk radius, as well as the influence of stellar rotation on the disk were calculated self-consistently. Within a defined parameter space, we can reproduce the majority of fast and slow rotating stars observed in young stellar clusters. Additionally, the back reaction of different stellar spin evolutionary tracks on the disk can be analyzed. Disks around fast rotating stars are located closer to the star. Consequently, the disk midplane temperature in the innermost disk region increases significantly compared to slow rotating stars. We can show the effects of stellar rotation on episodic accretion outbursts. The higher temperatures of disks around fast rotating stars result in more outbursts and a longer outbursting period over the disk lifetime. The combination of a long-term hydrodynamic disk and a stellar spin evolution model allows the inclusion of previously unconsidered effects such as the back-reaction of stellar rotation on the long-term disk evolution and the occurrence of accretion outbursts. However, a wider parameter range has to be studied to further investigate these effects. Additionally, a possible interaction between our model and a more realistic stellar evolution code (e.g., the MESA code) can improve our understanding of the stellar spin evolution and its effects on the pre-main sequence star.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Item response theory detects differential item functioning between healthy and ill children in QoL measures
Creators: name: Langer, Michelle M.
name: DeWalt, Darren A.
name: Thissen, David
name: Burwinkle, Tasha M.
name: Varni, James W.
name: Hill, Cheryl D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To demonstrate the value of item response theory (IRT) and differential item functioning (DIF) methods in examining a health-related quality of life (HRQOL) measure in children and adolescents.
Sharp-edge-based acoustofluidic chip for programmable pumping, mixing, cell focusing and trapping
Creators: name: Pavlic, Alen
name: Harshbarger, Cooper Lars
name: Rosenthaler, Luca
name: Snedeker, Jess Gerrit
name: Dual, Jürg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise manipulation of fluids and objects on the micro scale is seldom a simple task, but nevertheless crucial for many applications in life sciences and chemical engineering. We present a microfluidic chip fabricated in silicon-glass, featuring one or several pairs of acoustically excited sharp edges at side channels that drive a pumping flow throughout the chip and produce a strong mixing flow in their vicinity. The chip is simultaneously capable of focusing cells and microparticles that are suspended in the flow. The multifunctional micropump provides a continuous flow across a wide range of excitation frequencies (80kHz-2MHz), with flow rates ranging from nL/min to $μ$L/min, depending on the excitation parameters. In the low-voltage regime, the flow rate depends quadratically on the voltage applied to the piezoelectric transducer, making the pump programmable. The behaviour in the system is elucidated with finite element method simulations, which are in good agreement with experimentally observed behaviour. The acoustic radiation force arising due to a fluidic channel resonance is responsible for the focusing of cells and microparticles, while the streaming produced by the pair of sharp edges generates the pumping and the mixing flow. If cell focusing is detrimental for a certain application, it can also be avoided by exciting the system away from the resonance frequency of the fluidic channel. The device, with its unique bundle of functionalities, displays great potential for various bio-chemical applications.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 6 (85)]
Creators: name: Eugen, IV.
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1436
Subjects: subject: Papsturkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Papst Eugen IV. erteilt dem Abt des Klosters St. Andreae in Mantua die Erlaubnis, Ländereien und Güter, die wenig Gewinn einbringen, zugunsten des Erwerbs gewinnträchtigeren Eigentums zu veräußern.
Quantum Theory of the Classical: Einselection, Envariance, Quantum Darwinism and Extantons
Creators: name: Zurek, Wojciech Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Core quantum postulates including the superposition principle and the unitarity of evolutions are natural and strikingly simple. I show that -- when supplemented with a limited version of predictability (captured in the textbook accounts by the repeatability postulate) -- these core postulates can account for all the symptoms of classicality. In particular, both objective classical reality and elusive information about reality arise, via quantum Darwinism, from the quantum substrate.
description: To appear in the ENTROPY volume "Quantum Darinism and Friends" edited by Sebastian Deffner et al. https://www.mdpi.com/journal/entropy/special_issues/quantum_darwinism. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0707.2832
A comparison of ad hoc methods to account for non-cancer AIDS and deaths as competing risks when estimating the effect of HAART on incident cancer AIDS among HIV-infected men
Creators: name: Zhang, Zuo-Feng
name: Margolick, Joseph
name: Martinson, Jeremy
name: Shiels, Meredith S.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: Chmiel, Joan S.
name: Jacobson, Lisa P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We compared three ad hoc methods to estimate the marginal hazard of incident cancer AIDS in a highly active antiretroviral therapy (1996–2006) relative to a monotherapy/combination therapy (1990–1996) calendar period, accounting for other AIDS events and deaths as competing risks.
Bounded sets of sheaves on relative analytic spaces
Creators: name: Toma, Matei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend previous results on boundedness of sets of coherent sheaves on a compact Kähler manifold to the relative and not necessarily smooth case. This enlarged context allows us to prove properness properties of the relative Douady space as well as results related to semistability of sheaves such as the existence of relative Harder-Narasimhan filtrations.
description: v2: Corollary 6.9 added; v3: changed title; published version