Toxomerus productus
Creators: name: Borges, Zuleica M.
name: Couri, Marcia S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Syrphidae
Toxomerus
Toxomerus productus

description: Toxomerus productus (Curran)   
(Figs. 18, 140, 141, 142)  
 Mesogramma producta Curran, 1930: 5 (descry. & key); 1934: 24 (key); Hull, 1943b: 14, 32 (key and ill.). Mesogramma triradiata Hull, 1942: 48 (descr.); 1943b: 7, 33 (key and ill.).   
 Mesogramma camilla Hull, 1951a: 20 (descr.).   
 Mesogramma cyrilla Hull, 1951a: 9 (key).   
 Mesogramma vanessa Hull, 1951a: 15 (descr.).   
 Mesograpta camilla Fluke, 1956: 220 (cat.).   
 Mesograpta cyrilla Fluke, 1956: 221 (cat.).   
 Mesograpta producta Fluke, 1956: 229 (cat.); Etcheverry, 1963: 61 (distribution).   
 Mesograpta triradiata Fluke, 1956: 231 (cat.).   
 Mesograpta vanessa Fluke, 1956: 232 (cat.).   
 Toxomerus productus Gerdes, 1975: 16 (ill.); Thompson et al., 1976: 53 (cat. & n. comb.).   
 Toxomerus triradiatus Thompson et al., 1976: 53 (cat. & n. comb.), syn. nov.   
 Toxomerus cyrillus Gerdes, 1975: 16 (ill.); Thompson et al., 1976: 53 (cat. & n. comb.), syn. nov.   
 Toxomerus camilla Thompson et al., 1976: 49 (cat. & n. comb.), syn. nov.   
 Toxomerus vanessa Thompson et al., 1976: 56 (cat. & n. comb.), syn. nov.   
 Male. Head: face 1/2 as long as eye width, yellow, shiny except sparsely white pollinose and pilose laterally; gena black; frontal triangle yellow, white pilose; vertical triangle black, white and bronze pollinose, black pilose; occiput black, silver pollinose, with thick white pile, with a short row of brownish pile superiorly; antenna yellow, black pilose, arista brown.   
Thorax: postpronotum yellow; proepisternum black, white pollinose; proepimeron usually yellow; scutum black except broadly yellow laterally, bronze pollinose except for bluish-white pollinose medial vitta, yellow pilose; scutellum yellow, black pilose; anterior anepisternum black, sparsely yellow pilose; posterior anepisternum black on anterior 1/2, yellow pilose dorsally, posterior ½ yellow, yellow pilose; katepisternum black except dorsal 1/3 yellow, dull, yellow pilose; anterior and dorsomedial anepimeron yellow; posterior anepimeron black; plumula yellow, calypter yellowish with yellowish fringe except brown fringe on dorsal lobe; posterior mesothoracic pleuron (katepimeron, meron, katatergum, anatergum and postscutellum) black, anatergum yellow posterodorsally; methatoracic pleuron yellow; metasternum yellow to brown; halter yellow. Legs: pro- and mesocoxae black on basal 2/3, yellow apically, yellow pilose; metacoxa yellow, yellow pilose; trochanters yellow, yellow pilose; pro- and mesofemora yellow, yellow pilose; metafemur yellow except for black annulus on apical 1/3, yellow and black pilose; pro- and mesotibiae yellow, yellow pilose, mesotibia yellow and black pilose; metatibia yellow, brown on medial 1/3, black pilose; pro- and mesotarsi yellow, protarsus yello pilose, mesotarsus black pilose; metatarsus brown to black, black pilose. Wing: hyaline, extensively microtrichose, bare only: on basal 1/2 or less of cell C, basal 1/5 of cell R1, basal 2/3 or less of cell R and basal 3/4 or less of cell BM; alula broader than cell BM appically, microtrichose (Fig. 18).  
 Abdomen: terga yellow and black pilose; 1 st tergum black except yellow anteriorly and laterally; 2 nd tergum black with medial yellow fascia; 3 rd to 4 th terga black with yellow fascia on anterior 1/2 with two medial black macula; 5 th tergum yellow with black macula medially. Male genitalia: surstylus broader and somewhat triangular apically, with scattered short setae; postanal process almost 3/4 as long as surstylus; aedeagus slender dorsally with some projections ventrally; superior lobe somewhat rectangunlar with short dorsal extension, forked distad, with long hairs along anteroventral margin and strong setae ventrally, with small proeminence medio-posteriorly with hairs.   
 Female. Similar to male except for the frons black, bronze pollinose, black pilose. Anterior anepisternum bare. Female genitalia: 9 th tergum with somewhat triangular black macula; epiproct slender; cercus slender; hypoproct somewhat triangular, little convex anteriorly; 9 th sternum as in Fig. 141; three oval spermatecae similar in size (Figs. 140–142).   
Length. Body 6.5–8.0 mm, wing 5.5–6.5 mm.  
 Discussion. Gerdes (1975) indicated that the male genitalia of Toxomerus productus and Toxomerus cyrillus were identical and suggested that the names were synonyms. Based on this work the male holotype, female allotype and male paratype of Mesogramma cyrilla and male holotype of Mesogramma productus were compared and the synonymies were confirmed. The same comparison has done with the male holotype and female allotype of Mesogramma Camilla.   
 Type material examined. Holotype. ECUADOR. Mesogramma productus, male (AMNH).   
 Other material examined. ECUADOR. Macas, Rio Upano, ♂, ♀, 24/I/1939, 24/I/1939, F. M. & H. Brown (CNC). BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Alpinópolis, ♂, II/1961, Claudionor Elias (DZUP); Paraná: Curitiba, ♂, 8/III/1976, H. S. Telford (DZUP). Santa Catarina: Nova Teutônia, ♀, 26/VI/1937, (AMNH); ♀, 20/VII/1937, F. Plaumann (CNC).   
 Geographical record. South America.
description: Published as part of Borges, Zuleica M. & Couri, Marcia S., 2009, Revision of Toxomerus Macquart, 1855 (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Brazil with synonymic notes, identification key to the species and description of three new species 2179, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 2179 on pages 50-51