cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Do water's electrons care about electrolytes?
Creators: name: Pohl, Marvin N.
name: Muchová, Eva
name: Seidel, Robert
name: Ali, Hebatallah
name: Sršeň, Štěpán
name: Wilkinson, Iain
name: Winter, Bernd
name: Slavíček, Petr
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: water
subject: electrolytes
subject: ions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Ions have a profound effect on the geometrical structure of liquid water and an aqueous environment is known to change the electronic structure of ions. Here we combine photoelectron spectroscopy measurements from liquid microjets with molecular dynamical and quantum chemical calculations to address the reverse question, to what extent do ions affect the electronic structure of liquid water? We study aqueous solutions of sodium iodide (NaI) over a wide concentration range, from nearly pure water to 8 M solutions, recording spectra in the 5 to 60 eV binding energy range to include all water valence and the solute Na+ 2p, I− 4d, and I− 5p orbital ionization peaks. We observe that the electron binding energies of the solute ions change only slightly as a function of electrolyte concentration, less than 150 ± 60 meV over an ∼8 M range. Furthermore, the photoelectron spectrum of liquid water is surprisingly mildly affected as we transform the sample from a dilute aqueous salt solution to a viscous, crystalline-like phase. The most noticeable spectral changes are a negative binding energy shift of the water 1b2 ionizing transition (up to −370 ± 60 meV) and a narrowing of the flat-top shape water 3a1 ionization feature (up to 450 ± 90 meV). A novel computationally efficient technique is introduced to calculate liquid-state photoemission spectra using small clusters from molecular dynamics (MD) simulations embedded in dielectric continuum. This theoretical treatment captured the characteristic positions and structures of the aqueous photoemission peaks, reproducing the experimentally observed narrowing of the water 3a1 feature and weak sensitivity of the water binding energies to electrolyte concentration. The calculations allowed us to attribute the small binding energy shifts to ion-induced disruptions of intermolecular electronic interactions. Furthermore, they demonstrate the importance of considering concentration-dependent screening lengths for a correct description of the electronic structure of solvated systems. Accounting for electronic screening, the calculations highlight the minimal effect of electrolyte concentration on the 1b1 binding energy reference, in accord with the experiments. This leads us to a key finding that the isolated, lowest-binding-energy, 1b1, photoemission feature of liquid water is a robust energetic reference for aqueous liquid microjet photoemission studies.
An early-warning indicator for Amazon droughts exclusively based on tropical Atlantic sea surface temperatures
Creators: name: Ciemer, Catrin
name: Rehm, Lars
name: Kurths, Jürgen
name: Donner, Reik V.
name: Winkelmann, Ricarda
name: Boers, Niklas
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: complex networks
subject: droughts
subject: prediction
subject: Amazon rainforest
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Droughts in tropical South America have an imminent and severe impact on the Amazon rainforest and affect the livelihoods of millions of people. Extremely dry conditions in Amazonia have been previously linked to sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies in the adjacent tropical oceans. Although the sources and impacts of such droughts have been widely studied, establishing reliable multi-year lead statistical forecasts of their occurrence is still an ongoing challenge. Here, we further investigate the relationship between SST and rainfall anomalies using a complex network approach. We identify four ocean regions which exhibit the strongest overall SST correlations with central Amazon rainfall, including two particularly prominent regions in the northern and southern tropical Atlantic. Based on the time-dependent correlation between SST anomalies in these two regions alone, we establish a new early-warning method for droughts in the central Amazon basin and demonstrate its robustness in hindcasting past major drought events with lead-times up to 18 months.
Global large time dynamics and the generalized Gibbs ensemble
Creators: name: Gurarie, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the large time dynamics of a macroscopically large quantum systems under a sudden quench. We show that, first of all, for a generic system in the thermodynamic limit the Gibbs distribution correctly captures the large time dynamics of its global observables. In contrast, for an integrable system, the generalized Gibbs ensemble captures its global large time dynamics only if the system can be thought of as a number of noninteracting uncorrelated fermionic degrees of freedom. The conditions for the generalized Gibbs ensemble to capture the large time dynamics of local quantities are likely to be far less restrictive, but this question is not systematically addressed here.
description: 5 pages
Correlations between the dynamics of parallel tempering and the free-energy landscape in spin glasses
Creators: name: Yucesoy, Burcu
name: Machta, Jonathan
name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a large-scale numerical study of the equilibrium three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass with Gaussian disorder. Using parallel tempering (replica exchange) Monte Carlo we measure various static, as well as dynamical quantities, such as the autocorrelation times and round-trip times for the parallel tempering Monte Carlo method. The correlation between static and dynamic observables for 5000 disorder realizations and up to 1000 spins down to temperatures at 20% of the critical temperature is examined. Our results show that autocorrelation times are directly correlated with the roughness of the free-energy landscape.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Black holes without firewalls
Creators: name: Larjo, Klaus
name: Lowe, David A.
name: Thorlacius, Larus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The postulates of black hole complementarity do not imply a firewall for infalling observers at a black hole horizon. The dynamics of the stretched horizon, that scrambles and re-emits information, determines whether infalling observers experience anything out of the ordinary when entering a large black hole. In particular, there is no firewall if the stretched horizon degrees of freedom retain information for a time of order the black hole scrambling time.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures (minor changes)
Coherent and incoherent excitation pathways in time-resolved photoemission orbital tomography of CuPc/Cu(001)-2O
Creators: name: Adamkiewicz, Alexa
name: Raths, Miriam
name: Stettner, Monja
name: Theilen, Marcel
name: Münster, Lasse
name: Wenzel, Sabine
name: Hutter, Mark
name: Soubatch, Sergey
name: Kumpf, Christian
name: Bocquet, François C.
name: Wallauer, Robert
name: Tautz, Frank Stefan
name: Höfer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-resolved photoemission orbital tomography (tr-POT) offers unique possibilities for tracing molecular electron dynamics. The recorded pump-induced changes of the angle-resolved photoemission intensities allow to characterize unoccupied molecular states in momentum space and to deduce the incoherent temporal evolution of their population. Here, we show for the example of CuPc/Cu(001)-2O that the method also gives access to the coherent regime and that different excitation pathways can be disentangled by a careful analysis of the time-dependent change of the photoemission momentum pattern. In particular, we demonstrate by varying photon energy and polarization of the pump light, how the incoherent temporal evolution of the LUMO distribution can be distinguished from coherent contributions of the projected HOMO. Moreover, we report the selective excitation of molecules with a specific orientation at normal incidence by aligning the electric field of the pump light along the molecular axis.
title: A Conceptual Framework of Forest Therapy as an Innovative Health Approach Combined with Local Health Resort Medicine in Alpine Regions to Increase Mental Health and Well-Being
Creators: name: Immich, Gisela
name: Schuh, Angela
Publisher: name: Austin Publishing Group
Year: 2021

description: Introduction: There has been a constant increase in mental health disorders in Western industrialized nations, and the current Covid 19 pandemic is increasingly exacerbating the problem. The health resorts in Germany are well equipped to improve mental, emotional and physical health with their local remedies and procedures to improve the individual health status. Method: The available alpine health resort procedures/interventions as well as the novel forest therapy with their various effects are described in order to develop a novel health resort concept for the treatment of mental-health disorders and well-being. Result: Based on the principles of health resort medicine (HRM) and the available alpine interventions, a three-week treatment concept has been developed. Different procedures such as climatotherapy, balneotherapy, forest therapy & nature connection, mindfulness practice and physiotherapy have been combined in a healthy manner. Alpine health resorts are particularly well suited because of their excellent health-promoting climate factors. Conclusion: The novel combination of HRM with forest therapy will lead to stress reduction and an increase in mental health and general well-being. This new approach shows promising benefits for future health resort treatments. Studies on this new approach are needed to confirm the effectiveness of the conceptual framework.
Correlated exponential functions in high precision calculations for diatomic molecules
Creators: name: Pachucki, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various properties of the general two-center two-electron integral over the explicitly correlated exponential function are analyzed for the potential use in high precision calculations for diatomic molecules. A compact one dimensional integral representation is found, which is suited for the numerical evaluation. Together with recurrence relations, it makes possible the calculation of the two-center two-electron integral with arbitrary powers of electron distances. Alternative approach via the Taylor series in the internuclear distance is also investigated. Although numerically slower, it can be used in cases when recurrences lose stability. Separate analysis is devoted to molecular integrals with integer powers of interelectronic distances $r_{12}$ and the vanishing corresponding nonlinear parameter. Several methods of their evaluation are proposed.
description: 26 pages, includes two tables with exemplary calculations
Influence of Gold Coating and Interplate Voltage on the Performance of Chevron Micro-Channel Plates for the Time and Space Resolved Single Particle Detection
Creators: name: Hoendervanger, Lynn
name: Clément, David
name: Aspect, Alain
name: Westbrook, Christoph I
name: Dowek, Danielle
name: PICARD, Yan
name: Boiron, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of two di fferent sets of Micro-Channel Plates used for time and space resolved single particle detection. We investigate the eff ects of the gold coating and that of introducing an interplate voltage between the spatially separated plates. We fi nd that the gold coating increases the count rate of the detector and the pulse amplitude as previously reported for non-spatially resolved setups. The interplate voltage also increases count rates. In addition, we nd that a non-zero interplate voltage improves the spatial accuracy in determining the arrival position of incoming single particles (by 20%) while the gold coating has a negative e ect (by 30%).
Associations between oxytocin and vasopressin concentrations, traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms: group comparisons, correlations, and courses during an internet-based cognitive-behavioural treatment
Creators: name: Engel, Sinha
name: Schumacher, Sarah
name: Niemeyer, Helen
name: Kuester, Annika
name: Burchert, Sebastian
name: Klusmann, Hannah
name: Rau, Heinrich
name: Willmund, Gerd-Dieter
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Psychotherapy
subject: cognitive behavioural therapy
subject: neuropeptide
subject: online intervention
subject: soldiers
subject: military
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::158 Angewandte Psychologie

description: Background: Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by impairments in extinction learning and social behaviour, which are targeted by trauma-focused cognitive behavioural treatment (TF-CBT). The biological underpinnings of TF-CBT can be better understood by adding biomarkers to the clinical evaluation of interventions. Due to their involvement in social functioning and fear processing, oxytocin and arginine vasopressin might be informative biomarkers for TF-CBT, but to date, this has never been tested. Objective: To differentiate the impact of traumatic event exposure and PTSD symptoms on blood oxytocin and vasopressin concentrations. Further, to describe courses of PTSD symptoms, oxytocin and vasopressin during an internet-based TF-CBT and explore interactions between these parameters. Method: We compared oxytocin and vasopressin between three groups of active and former male service members of the German Armed Forces (n = 100): PTSD patients (n = 39), deployed healthy controls who experienced a deployment-related traumatic event (n = 33) and non-deployed healthy controls who never experienced a traumatic event (n = 28). PTSD patients underwent a 5-week internet-based TF-CBT. We correlated PTSD symptoms with oxytocin and vasopressin before treatment onset. Further, we analysed courses of PTSD symptoms, oxytocin and vasopressin from pre- to post-treatment and 3 months follow-up, as well as interactions between the three parameters. Results: Oxytocin and vasopressin did not differ between the groups and were unrelated to PTSD symptoms. PTSD symptoms were highly stable over time, whereas the endocrine parameters were not, and they also did not change in mean. Oxytocin and vasopressin were not associated with PTSD symptoms longitudinally. Conclusions: Mainly due to their insufficient intraindividual stability, single measurements of endogenous oxytocin and vasopressin concentrations are not informative biomarkers for TF-CBT. We discuss how the stability of these biomarkers might be increased and how they could be better related to the specific impairments targeted by TF-CBT.
Creation of neutral fermions with anomalous magnetic moments from a vacuum by inhomogeneous magnetic field
Creators: name: Gavrilov, S. P.
name: Gitman, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A consistent nonperturbative approach (based on QFT) to neutral fermion creation (due to their magnetic moments) in strong inhomogeneous magnetic fields is considered. It is demonstrated that quantization in terms of neutral particles and antiparticles is possible in terms of the states with well-defined spin polarization. Such states are localizable and can form wave packets in a given asymptotic region. In this case, the problem can be technically reduced to the problem of charged-particle creation by an electric step. In particular, the relation to the Schwinger method of an effective action is established. As an example, we calculate neutral fermion creation from the vacuum by a linearly growing magnetic field. We show that the total number and the vacuum-to-vacuum transition probability of created pairs depend only on the gradient of the magnetic field, but not on its strength, and this fact does not depend on the spacetime dimension. We show that the created flux aimed in one of the directions is formed from fluxes of particles and antiparticles of equal intensity and with the same magnetic moments parallel to the external field. In such a flux, particle and antiparticle velocities that are perpendicular to the plane of the magnetic moment and flux direction are essentially depressed. The creation of neutral fermions with anomalous magnetic moments leads to a smoothing of the initial magnetic field, which in turn prevents appearance of superstrong constant magnetic fields. Our estimations show that the vacuum instability with respect to the creation of neutrinos and even neutrons in strong magnetic fields of the magnetars and fields generated during a supernova explosion has to be taken into account in the astrophysics. In particular, it may be of significance for dark matter studies.
description: 20 pages, discussion of dark matter and 5 refs. added, misprints corrected, version published by Phys. Rev. D
Syntheses of defined sulfated oligohyaluronans reveal structural effects, diversity and thermodynamics of GAG–protein binding
Creators: name: Köhling, Sebastian
name: Blaszkiewicz, Joanna
name: Ruiz-Gómez, Gloria
name: Fernández-Bachiller, María Isabel
name: Lemmnitzer, Katharina
name: Panitz, Nydia
name: Beck-Sickinger, Annette G.
name: Schiller, Jürgen
name: Pisabarro, M. Teresa
name: Rademann, Jörg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: oligohyaluronans
subject: GAG–protein binding
subject: tissue regeneration
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Binding of sulfated glycosaminoglycans (GAG) to a wide spectrum of extracellular regulatory proteins is crucial for physiological processes such as cell growth, migration, tissue homeostasis and repair. Thus, GAG derivatives exhibit great relevance in the development of innovative biomaterials for tissue regeneration therapies. We present a synthetic strategy for the preparation of libraries of defined sulfated oligohyaluronans as model GAG systematically varied in length, sulfation pattern and anomeric substitution in order to elucidate the effects of these parameters on GAG recognition by regulatory proteins. Through an experimental and computational approach using fluorescence polarization, ITC, docking and molecular dynamics simulations we investigate the binding of these functionalized GAG derivatives to ten representative regulatory proteins including IL-8, IL-10, BMP-2, sclerostin, TIMP-3, CXCL-12, TGF-β, FGF-1, FGF-2, and AT-III, and we establish structure–activity relationships for GAG recognition. Binding is mainly driven by enthalpy with only minor entropic contributions. In several cases binding is determined by GAG length, and in all cases by the position and number of sulfates. Affinities strongly depend on the anomeric modification of the GAG. Highest binding affinities are effected by anomeric functionalization with large fluorophores and by GAG dimerization. Our experimental and theoretical results suggest that the diversity of GAG binding sites and modes is responsible for the observed high affinities and other binding features. The presented new insights into GAG–protein recognition will be of relevance to guide the design of GAG derivatives with customized functions for the engineering of new biomaterials.
Quantum read-out for cold atomic quantum simulators
Creators: name: Gluza, M.
name: Schweigler, T.
name: Rauer, B.
name: Krumnow, C.
name: Schmiedmayer, J.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: phase transitions
subject: critical phenomena
subject: quantum information
subject: quantum simulation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Quantum simulators allow to explore static and dynamical properties of otherwise intractable quantum many-body systems. In many instances, however, the read-out limits such quantum simulations. In this work, we introduce an innovative experimental read-out exploiting coherent non-interacting dynamics. Specifically, we present a tomographic recovery method allowing to indirectly measure the second moments of the relative density fluctuations between two one-dimensional superfluids, which until now eluded direct measurements. Applying methods from signal processing, we show that we can reconstruct the relative density fluctuations from non-equilibrium data of the relative phase fluctuations. We employ the method to investigate equilibrium states, the dynamics of phonon occupation numbers and even to predict recurrences. The method opens a new window for quantum simulations with one-dimensional superfluids, enabling a deeper analysis of their equilibration and thermalization dynamics.
EndNote 21: Installation Guide for Windows
Creators: name: HKUL, Learning and Research Services
Publisher: name: HKU Data Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Library and information studies not elsewhere classified

description: EndNote 21 is a citation management software and the HKU site license covers current HKU staff and students. The document will guide you through the process of downloading and installing EndNote 21 on your device with Windows operation system.
On $p$-filtrations of Weyl modules
Creators: name: Parshall, Brian
name: Scott, Leonard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10G05, 17B37 (Primary) 16W50 (Secondary)

description: This paper considers Weyl modules for a simple, simply connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of positive characteristic $p\not=2$. The main result proves, if $p\geq 2h-2$ (where $h$ is the Coxeter number) and if the Lusztig character formula holds for all (irreducible modules with) regular restricted highest weights, then any Weyl module $Δ(λ)$ has a $Δ^p$-filtration, namely, a filtration with sections of the form $Δ^p(μ_0+pμ_1):=L(μ_0)\otimesΔ(μ_1)^{[1]}$, where $μ_0$ is restricted and $μ_1$ is arbitrary dominant. In case the highest weight $λ$ of the Weyl module $Δ(λ)$ is $p$-regular, the $p$-filtration is compatible with the $G_1$-radical series of the module. The problem of showing that Weyl modules have $Δ^p$-filtrations was first proposed as a worthwhile ("wünschenswert") problem in Jantzen's 1980 Crelle paper.
description: Latest version corrects minor mistakes in previous versions. A reference is made to Williamson's recent arXiv posting, providing some relevant discussion in a footnote. [Comments on earlier versions: Previous v. 1 with minor errors and statements corrected. Improved organization. Should replace v. 2 which is an older version (even older than v.1) and was mistakenly posted.]
Design Recommendations Based on Speech Analysis for Disability-Friendly Interfaces for the Control of a Home Automation Environment
Creators: name: Vigouroux, Nadine
name: Vella, Frédéric
name: Lepage, Gaëlle
name: Campo, Éric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The objective of this paper is to describe the study on speech interaction mode for home automation control of equipment by impaired people for an inclusive housing. The study is related to the HIP HOPE project concerning a building of 19 inclusive housing units. 7 participants with different types of disabilities were invited to carry out use cases using voice and touch control. Only the results obtained on the voice interaction mode through the Amazon voice assistant are reported here. The results show, according to the type of handicap, the success rates in the speech recognition of the command emitted on the equipment and highlight the errors related to the formulation, the noisy environment, the intelligible speech, the speech segmentation and the bad synchronization of the audio channel opening.
Functional reorganization of the reading network in the course of foreign language acquisition
Creators: name: Kuper, Clara
name: Matuszewski, Jacek
name: Banaszkiewicz, Anna
name: Bola, Łukasz
name: Szczepanik, Michał
name: Draps, Małgorzata
name: Kordos, Przemysław
name: Szwed, Marcin
name: Jednoróg, Katarzyna
name: Marchewka, Artur
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: cognitive control
subject: brain structure
subject: proficiency
subject: distance
subject: chinese
subject: areas
subject: fMRI
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::153 Kognitive Prozesse, Intelligenz

description: During foreign language acquisition neural representations of native language and foreign language assimilate. In the reading network, this assimilation leads to a shift from effortful processing to automated reading. Longitudinal studies can track this transition and reveal dynamics that might not become apparent in behavior. Here, we report results from a longitudinal functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study, which tracked functional changes in the reading network of beginning learners of Greek over one year. We deliberately chose Greek as foreign language that would have similar orthographic transparency but a different alphabet than the native language (Polish). fMRI scans with lexical and semantic decision tasks were performed at five different time points (every similar to 3 months). Classical language areas (the left inferior frontal gyrus, the left precentral gyrus, and the bilateral supplementary motor cortex), and cognitive control areas (left inferior parietal lobe and bilateral anterior cingulate cortex) showed stronger activation after the first months of instruction as compared to the activation before instruction. This pattern occured in both tasks. Task-related activity in the reading network remained constant throughout the remaining 6 months of learning and was also present in a follow-up scan 3 months after the end of the course. A similar pattern was demonstrated by the analysis of convergence between foreign and native languages occurring within the first months of learning. Additionally, in the lexical task, the extent of spatial overlap, between foreign and native language in Broca's area increased constantly from the beginning till the end of training. Our findings support the notion that reorganization of language networks is achieved after a relatively short time of foreign language instruction. We also demonstrate that cognitive control areas are recruited in foreign language reading at low proficiency levels. No apparent changes in the foreign or native reading network occur after the initial 3 months of learning. This suggests that task demand might be more important than proficiency in regulating the resources needed for efficient foreign language reading.
P. Erker, T. Pierenkemper (Hg.), Deutsche Unternehmer zwischen Kriegswirtschaft und Wiederaufbau. Studien zur Erfahrungsbildung von Industrie-Eliten, 1999
Creators: name: Eck, Jean-François
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 31 Nr. 3 (2004)
Static replica approach to critical correlations in glassy systems
Creators: name: Franz, Silvio
name: Jacquin, Hugo
name: Parisi, Giorgio
name: Urbani, Pierfrancesco
name: Zamponi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the slow relaxation phenomenon in glassy systems by means of replicas by constructing a static field theory approach to the problem. At the mean field level we study how criticality in the four point correlation functions arises because of the presence of soft modes and we derive an effective replica field theory for these critical fluctuations. By using this at the Gaussian level we obtain many physical quantities: the correlation length, the exponent parameter that controls the Mode-Coupling dynamical exponents for the two-point correlation functions, and the prefactor of the critical part of the four point correlation functions. Moreover we perform a one-loop computation in order to identify the region in which the mean field Gaussian approximation is valid. The result is a Ginzburg criterion for the glass transition. We define and compute in this way a proper Ginzburg number. Finally, we present numerical values of all these quantities obtained from the Hypernetted Chain approximation for the replicated liquid theory.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure - to be published on J.Chem.Phys. for a special issue on the Glass Transition
Spontaneous symmetry breaking in cosmos: The hybrid symmetron as a dark energy switching device
Creators: name: Bamba, K.
name: Gannouji, R.
name: Kamijo, M.
name: Nojiri, S.
name: Sami, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider symmetron model in a generalized background with a hope to make it compatible with dark energy. We observe a "no go" theorem at least in case of a conformal coupling. Being convinced of symmetron incapability to be dark energy, we try to retain its role for spontaneous symmetry breaking and assign the role of dark energy either to standard quintessence or $F(R)$ theory which are switched on by symmetron field in the symmetry broken phase. The scenario reduces to standard Einstein gravity in the high density region. After the phase transition generated by symmetron field, either the $F(R)$ gravity or the standard quintessence are induced in the low density region. we demonstrate that local gravity constraints and other requirements are satisfied although the model could generate the late-time acceleration of Universe.
description: LaTeX 11 pages, first sections shortened, conclusions unchanged, to appear in JCAP
title: Ab initio description of monopole resonances in light- and medium-mass nuclei : I. Technical aspects and uncertainties of ab initio PGCM calculations
Creators: name: Porro, A.
name: Duguet, T.
name: Ebran, J. -P.
name: Frosini, M.
name: Roth, R.
name: Somà, V.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2025

description: Giant resonances (GRs) are a striking manifestation of collective motions in mesoscopic systems such as atomic nuclei. Until recently, theoretical investigations have essentially relied on the (quasiparticle) random phase approximation ((Q)RPA), and extensions of it, based on phenomenological energy density functionals (EDFs). As part of a current effort to describe GRs within an ab initio theoretical scheme, the present work promotes the use of the projected generator coordinate method (PGCM). This method, which can handle anharmonic effects while satisfying symmetries of the nuclear Hamiltonian, displays a favorable (i.e. mean-field-like) scaling with system’s size. Presently focusing on the isoscalar giant monopole resonance (GMR) of light- and medium-mass nuclei, PGCM’s potential to deliver wide-range ab initio studies of GRs in closed- and open-shell nuclei encompassing pairing, deformation, and shape coexistence effects is demonstrated. The comparison with consistent QRPA calculations highlights PGCM’s unique attributes and sheds light on the intricate interplay of nuclear collective excitations. The present paper is the first in a series of four and focuses on technical aspects and uncertainty quantification of ab initio PGCM calculations of GMR using the doubly open-shell 46Ti as an illustrative example. The second paper displays results for a set of nuclei of physical interest and proceeds to the comparison with consistent (deformed) ab initio QRPA calculations. While the third paper analyzes useful moments of the monopolar strength function and different ways to access them within PGCM calculations, the fourth paper focuses on the effect of the symmetry restoration on the monopole strength function.
Stability of nanoparticle laden aerosol liquid droplets
Creators: name: Archer, A. J.
name: Goddard, B. D.
name: Roth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a model for the thermodynamics and evaporation dynamics of aerosol droplets of a liquid such as water, surrounded by the gas. When the temperature and the chemical potential (or equivalently the humidity) are such that the vapour phase is the thermodynamic equilibrium state, then of course droplets of the pure liquid evaporate over a relatively short time. However, if the droplets also contain nanoparticles or any other non-volatile solute, then the droplets can become thermodynamically stable. We show that the equilibrium droplet size depends strongly on the amount and solubility of the nanoparticles within, i.e. on the nature of the particle interactions with the liquid, and of course also on the vapour temperature and chemical potential. We develop a simple thermodynamic model for such droplets and compare predictions with results from a lattice density functional theory that takes as input the same particle interaction properties, finding very good agreement. We also use dynamical density functional theory to study the evaporation/condensation dynamics of liquid from/to droplets as they equilibrate with the vapour, thereby demonstrating droplet stability.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Analytical shear and flexion of Einasto dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Retana-Montenegro, E.
name: Frutos-Alfaro, F.
name: Baes, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: N-body simulations predict that dark matter haloes are described by specific density profiles on both galactic- and cluster-sized scales. Weak gravitational lensing through the measurements of their first and second order properties, shear and flexion, is a powerful observational tool for investigating the true shape of these profiles. One of the three-parameter density profiles recently favoured in the description of dark matter haloes is the Einasto profile. We present exact expressions for the shear and the first and second flexions of Einasto dark matter haloes derived using a Mellin-transform formalism in terms of the Fox H and Meijer G functions, that are valid for general values of the Einasto index. The resulting expressions can be written as series expansions that permit us to investigate the asymptotic behaviour of these quantities. Moreover, we compare the shear and flexion of the Einasto profile with those of different mass profiles including the singular isothermal sphere, the Navarro-Frenk-White profile, and the Sérsic profile. We investigate the concentration and index dependences of the Einasto profile, finding that the shear and second flexion could be used to determine the halo concentration, whilst for the Einasto index the shear and first and second flexions may be employed. We also provide simplified expressions for the weak lensing properties and other lensing quantities in terms of the generalized hypergeometric function.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Study of the Cygnus X-3 Microquasar with the RATAN-600 Radio telescope in Multi-Azimuth Observing Mode
Creators: name: Trushkin, S. A.
name: Shevchenko, A. V.
name: Bursov, N. N.
name: Tsybulev, P. G.
name: Nizhel'skii, N. A.
name: Borisov, A. N.
name: Kudryashova, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have been performing daily observations of bright microquasars at 1.2-20~GHz with the Northern sector of RATAN-600 radio telescope for more than ten years. During the 2019--2021 observations we recorded bright flares, which we call giant flares because fluxes reach record levels -- above 20~Jy -- during these events. In this paper we report the results of intraday variations of the Cygnus~X-3} microquasar in multi-azimuth observations made with the "North sector with a flat-sheet reflector" during giant flares of Cygnus X-3. These were the first such observations made simultaneously at several frequencies on a short time scale (10 minutes). Observational data consists of 31 measurement made within +/-2.7 hours of the culmination of the object. We are the first to discover the evolution of the spectrum of the flare emission of Cygnus~X-3 on a time scale comparable to the orbital period of the binary. The measurement data allowed us to determine the temporal and spectral parameters of radio emission, which are typical for synchrotron flare emission in relativistic jets. Evolution of the radio emission of X-ray binaries on short time scales is a key to understanding the formation of jet outbursts in the process of mass accretion of the matter of the donor star onto the relativistic object.
description: 10 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables, maik.sty
Non‐Toxic Glycosylated Gold Nanoparticle‐Amphotericin B Conjugates Reduce Biofilms and Intracellular Burden of Fungi and Parasites
Creators: name: Ghosh, Chandradhish
name: Varela-Aramburu, Silvia
name: Eldesouky, Hassan E.
name: Salehi Hossainy, Sharareh
name: Seleem, Mohamed N.
name: Aebischer, Toni
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: amphotericin B
subject: Cryptococcus neoformans
subject: glycogold nanoparticles
subject: intracellular fungi
subject: Leishmania mexicana
subject: nanomedicine
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Infections by intracellular pathogens cause significant morbidity and mortality due to lack of efficient drug delivery. Amphotericin B, currently used to treat leish maniasis and cryptococcosis, is very toxic and cannot eradicate intracellular Cryptococcus neoformans (C. neoformans). Glycosylated gold nanoparticles are water dispersible and biocompatible with very little toxici ty. While amphotericin B is insoluble in water at neutral pH, conjugates of amphotericin B and ultra-small gold nanoparticles (AuNP) are better dispersible in water. Amphotericin B conjugated glycosylated gold nanoparticles (AmpoB@AuNP) are more efficacious in treating both extracellular and intracellular forms of Leishmania mexicana (L. mexicana) than amphotericin B alone. In addition, AmpoB@AuNP are effective in reducing C. neoformans biofilms by 80% and intracellular C. neoformans burden by >90%. Furthermore, AmpoB@AuNP are not haemolytic at 50 mu g mL(-1) and are significantly less toxic to murine macrophages than amphotericin B. Ultra-small AuNPs are attractive delivery agents to treat intracellular infections and AmpoB@AuNP may be useful for treating C. neoformans infections in immunocompromised patients.
TRPV3 and TRPV4 as candidate proteins for intestinal ammonium absorption
Creators: name: Manneck, David
name: Braun, Hannah-Sophie
name: Schrapers, Katharina T.
name: Stumpff, Friederike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ammonium
subject: colon
subject: gastrointestinal transport
subject: TRP channel
subject: TRPV3
subject: TRPV4
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Aim: Absorption of ammonia from the gut has consequences that range from encephalitis in hepatic disease to global climate change induced by nitrogenous excretions from livestock. Since patch clamp data show that certain members of the transient receptor potential (TRP) family are permeable to NH4+, participation in ammonium efflux was investigated. Methods: Digesta, mucosa and muscular samples from stomach, duodenum, jejunum, ileum, caecum and colon of pigs were analysed via colourimetry, qPCR, Western blot, immunohistochemistry and Ussing chambers. Results: qPCR data show high duodenal expression of TRPV6. TRPM6 was highest in jejunum and colon, with expression of TRPM7 ubiquitous. TRPM8 and TRPV1 were below detection. TRPV2 was highest in the jejunum but almost non-detectable in the colon. TRPV4 was ubiquitously expressed by mucosal and muscular layers. TRPV3 mRNA was only found in the mucosa of the caecum and colon, organs in which NH4+ was highest (>7 mmol·L−1). Immunohistochemically, an apical expression of TRPV3 and TRPV4 could be detected in all tissues, with effects of 2-APB and GSK106790A supporting functional expression. In symmetrical NaCl Ringer, removal of mucosal Ca2+ and Mg2+ increased colonic short circuit current (Isc) and conductance (Gt) by 0.18 ± 0.06 µeq·cm−2·h−1 and 4.70 ± 0.85 mS·cm−2 (P < .05, N/n = 4/17). Application of mucosal NH4Cl led to dose-dependent and divalent-sensitive increases in Gt and Isc, with effects highest in the caecum and colon. Conclusion: We propose that TRP channels contribute to the intestinal transport of ammonium, with TRPV3 and TRPV4 promising candidate proteins. Pharmacological regulation may be possible.
Data for: Madicolous insects from Atlantic forest and Amazon mountains (Brazil)
Creators: name: Shimabukuro, Erika Mayumi
name: Gómez-Rodríguez, Carola
name: Lamas, Carlos José Einicker
name: Baselga, Andrés
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Elevational gradient
tropical forest
aquatic insect
macroinvertebrates
neotropical
South America
Conservation unit
Subtropical
Latitude

description: The dataset consist on abundance values of madicolous insects - aquatic organisms that inhabit thin layers of water - recorded in three mountains of the Atlantic Rainforest (G1, G2, and G3) and in one Amazon mountain (G4). The distribution of sampling sites cover the full elevational range of each region, from 0 to 2,800 m a.s.l. in the Atlantic Forest and from 90 to 3,000 meters a.s.l. in the Amazon. A total of 109 sampling sites were investigated, where physico-chemical parameters of water (temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen and conductivity), geographic coordinates and the altitude were also obtained.
description: Funding provided by: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807
Award Number: 2018/11068-9Funding provided by: Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001807
Award Number: 2020/01762-5
description: Adults of madicolous insects were sampled with emergence traps (0.125 m2 coverage area), and immatures with hand net (250 µm mesh size) in the same sites were adults were collected. All individuals were identified to the lowest taxonomic resolution possible (genus, species or morphospecies). Water physico-chemical parameters were determined with an analytical kit and conductivity was measured with a portable conductometer. Geographic coordinates and the altitude of each sampling site were obtained in the field with GPS.
Campylobacter jejuni genes Cj1492c and Cj1507c are involved in host cell adhesion and invasion
Creators: name: Xi, De
name: Alter, Thomas
name: Einspanier, Ralf
name: Sharbati, Soroush
name: Gölz, Greta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Campylobacter jejuni
subject: mutants
subject: pathogenicity
subject: host cell response
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Campylobacter jejuni (C. jejuni) has been assigned as an important food-borne pathogen for human health but many pathogenicity factors of C. jejuni and human host cell responses related to the infection have not yet been adequately clarified. This study aimed to determine further C. jejuni pathogenicity factors and virulence genes based on a random mutagenesis approach. A transposon mutant library of C. jejuni NCTC 11168 was constructed and the ability of individual mutants to adhere to and invade human intestinal epithelial cells was evaluated compared to the wild type. We identified two mutants of C. jejuni possessing altered phenotypes with transposon insertions in the genes Cj1492c and Cj1507c. Cj1492c is annotated as a two-component sensor and Cj1507c is described as a regulatory protein. However, functions of both mutated genes are not clarified so far. Results In comparison to the wild type, Cj::1492c and Cj::1507c showed around 70–80% relative motility and Cj::1492c had around 3-times enhanced adhesion and invasion rates whereas Cj::1507c had significantly impaired adhesive and invasive capability. Moreover, Cj::1492c had a longer lag phase and slower growth rate while Cj::1507c showed similar growth compared to the wild type. Between 5 and 24 h post infection, more than 60% of the intracellular wild type C. jejuni were eliminated in HT-29/B6 cells, however, significantly fewer mutants were able to survive intracellularly. Nevertheless, no difference in host cell viability and induction of the pro-inflammatory chemokine IL-8 were determined between both mutants and the wild type. Conclusion We conclude that genes regulated by Cj1507c have an impact on efficient adhesion, invasion and intracellular survival of C. jejuni in HT-29/B6 cells. Furthermore, potential signal sensing by Cj1492c seems to lead to limiting attachment and hence internalisation of C. jejuni. However, as the intracellular survival capacities are reduced, we suggest that signal sensing by Cj1492c impacts several processes related to pathogenicity of C. jejuni.
Translozierung von Deckenfresken mit Stuckdekor
Creators: name: Hogreve, August Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 11 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Ausstellungskalender
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 11 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Nachtrag zum Bericht über die Wiederherstellung der Kölner Baudenkmäler
Creators: name: Kubach, Hans Erich
Publisher: name: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 3 Nr. 11 (1950): Kunstchronik. Monatsschrift für Kunstwissenschaft, Museumswesen und Denkmalpflege
EndNote 21: Installation Guide for Mac
Creators: name: HKUL, Learning and Research Services
Publisher: name: HKU Data Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: Library and information studies not elsewhere classified

description: EndNote 21 is a citation management software and the HKU site license covers current HKU staff and students. The document will guide you through the process of downloading and installing EndNote 21 on your Mac device.