cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Food and Nutrition Assistance Landscape: Fiscal Year 2020 Annual Report
Creators: name: Toossi, Saied
name: Jones, Jordan W
name: Hodges, Leslie
name: Toossi, Saied
name: Jones, Jordan W
name: Hodges, Leslie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food and nutrition assistance programs
subject: Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)
subject: Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC)
subject: National School Lunch Program (NSLP)

description: The U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) typically administers 15 domestic food and nutrition assistance programs that affect the lives of millions of people and account for roughly two-thirds of USDA’s annual budget. In response to the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, USDA launched two new programs, Pandemic Electronic Benefit Transfer (P-EBT) and the Farmers to Families Food Box Program (Food Box Program). This report uses preliminary data from USDA’s Food and Nutrition Service and Agricultural Marketing Service to examine program trends in the largest U.S. food and nutrition assistance programs through fiscal year 2020 (October 1, 2019 to September 30, 2020) and documents the many policy changes that came into effect since March 2020.
A Graph-based Approach for Mitigating Multi-sided Exposure Bias in Recommender Systems
Creators: name: Mansoury, Masoud
name: Abdollahpouri, Himan
name: Pechenizkiy, Mykola
name: Mobasher, Bamshad
name: Burke, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fairness is a critical system-level objective in recommender systems that has been the subject of extensive recent research. A specific form of fairness is supplier exposure fairness where the objective is to ensure equitable coverage of items across all suppliers in recommendations provided to users. This is especially important in multistakeholder recommendation scenarios where it may be important to optimize utilities not just for the end-user, but also for other stakeholders such as item sellers or producers who desire a fair representation of their items. This type of supplier fairness is sometimes accomplished by attempting to increasing aggregate diversity in order to mitigate popularity bias and to improve the coverage of long-tail items in recommendations. In this paper, we introduce FairMatch, a general graph-based algorithm that works as a post processing approach after recommendation generation to improve exposure fairness for items and suppliers. The algorithm iteratively adds high quality items that have low visibility or items from suppliers with low exposure to the users' final recommendation lists. A comprehensive set of experiments on two datasets and comparison with state-of-the-art baselines show that FairMatch, while significantly improves exposure fairness and aggregate diversity, maintains an acceptable level of relevance of the recommendations.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2005.01148
On the destruction of the hidden order in URu$_2$Si$_2$ by a strong magnetic field
Creators: name: Levallois, J.
name: Behnia, K.
name: Flouquet, J.
name: Lejay, P.
name: Proust, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of transport properties of the heavy fermion URu$_2$Si$_2$ in pulsed magnetic field. The large Nernst response of the hidden order state is found to be suppressed when the magnetic field exceeds 35 T. The combination of resistivity, Hall and Nernst data outlines the reconstruction of the Fermi surface in the temperature-field phase diagram. The zero-field ground state is a compensated heavy-electron semi-metal, which is destroyed by magnetic field through a cascade of field-induced transitions. Above 40 T, URu$_2$Si$_2$ appears to be a polarized heavy fermions metal with a large density of carriers whose effective mass rapidly decreases with increasing magnetic polarization.
description: published version
New non-Abelian black hole solutions in Born-Infeld gravity
Creators: name: Mazharimousavi, S. Habib
name: Halilsoy, M.
name: Amirabi, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce new black hole solutions to the Einstein-Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld (EYMBI), Einstein-Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld-Gauss-Bonnet (EYMBIGB) and Einstein-Yang-Mills-Born-Infeld-Gauss-Bonnet-Lovelock (EYMBIGBL) gravities in higher dimensions $N\geq 5$ to investigate the roles of Born-Infeld parameter $β$. It is shown that, these solutions in the limits of $β\to 0,$ and $β\to \infty ,$ represent pure gravity and gravity coupled with Yang-Mills fields, respectively. For $0
description: 17 pages, 4 figures,
Multivariate analyses of functional and chemical properties of Uapaca Kirkiana fruits from Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Chawafambira, Armistice
name: Sedibe, Moosa Mahmood
name: Mpofu, Augustine
name: Achilonu, Matthew
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The correlation between the functional and chemical properties of U. kirkiana fruit pulp was studied. The functional and chemi?cal properties of the fruit pulps were determined and data were analyzed by regression and principal component analysis (PCA) to show correlations and variances. Results showed a 51.4% variance, PC 1 had a 37.31% variance. PC 2 showed a 14.17% variance. Antioxidant activity (AOA), Cu, vitamin C, total titrata?ble acid (TTA), and Mg had a positive variance in PC 1. TTA and pH were significant and correlated in PC 1. Titratable acidity and pH had a variability of 69% and 74%. Iron and Ca were signifi?cant and correlated in PC 2. Phosphorus and AOA were posi?tively correlated. Pulp yield had a weak positive correlation with dry matter, Ca, K, and Zn content. Fruits from Bikita were grouped according to pH levels, AOA, Cu, vitamin C, TTA, and phosphorus content. Fruits in Kazangarare were high in Fe and Ca and grouped together. Magnesium content was significant in fruits obtained from Gokwe. Phosphorus and TTA had signifi?cant effect (p < 0.01; p < 0.05) on pulp yield. The results provide useful data about relationship, chemical composition variation of U. kirkiana fruit pulp obtained at the different regions of Zimbabwe.
Nosos i poliorkia. Choroby w helleńskim obozie wojskowym
Creators: name: Kostuch, Lucyna
Publisher: name: Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Jana Kochanowskiego w Kielcach
Year: 2021

description: Miejscem, które stwarzało idealne warunki do rozwoju chorób w świecie starożytnych Greków, był żołnierski obóz. W artykule podjęto próbę konfrontacji pojęć nosos i poliorkia, a więc choroby w obozie wojskowym założonym w celu oblegania wroga. Przedmiotem analizy są greckie źródła literackie opisujące oblężenia prowadzone w okresie archaicznym i klasycznym.
description: In the ancient Greek world, the place that created perfect conditions for disease to thrive was the soldier camp. The article is an attempt to confront the concepts of nosos and poliorkia, or disease in a military camp set up to besiege the enemy. The subjects of analysis are Greek literary sources describing sieges conducted in archaic and classical periods.
Lim Ulrich sequences and Boij-Söderberg cones
Creators: name: Iyengar, Srikanth B.
name: Ma, Linquan
name: Walker, Mark E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02 (primary), 13A35, 13C14, 14F06 (secondary)

description: This paper extends the results of Boij, Eisenbud, Erman, Schreyer, and Söderberg on the structure of Betti cones of finitely generated graded modules and finite free complexes over polynomial rings, to all finitely generated graded rings admitting linear Noether normalizations. The key new input is the existence of lim Ulrich sequences of graded modules over such rings.
description: 26 pages. This is the final version of the article, which has now appeared in the Forum of Mathematics, Sigma
Smartphones im Klassenzimmer.
Creators: name: Swertz, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Im Herbst 2009 wurden 17 Schülerinnen und Schüler einer Klasse der 5. Jahrgangsstufe an der Projektschule Goldau mit Smartphones ausgestattet. Im November wurde das Projekt mit einem concurrent mixed model Design evaluiert. Die wichtigsten Ergebnisse sind: (1) Veränderungen der Unterrichtsmethode wurden nicht berichtet. (2) Änderungen entstanden auf der Ebene des Microlearning. (3) Die Kommunikation zwischen Lehrenden und Lernenden hat sich in den privaten Bereich hinein ausgedehnt. (4) Das Smartphone wird von Lernenden in hohem Maße als Lernmittel wahrgenommen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 3 (2010): 3/2010 - Cultural Diversity
Deep Neural Network Modeling of Unknown Partial Differential Equations in Nodal Space
Creators: name: Chen, Zhen
name: Churchill, Victor
name: Wu, Kailiang
name: Xiu, Dongbin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a numerical framework for deep neural network (DNN) modeling of unknown time-dependent partial differential equations (PDE) using their trajectory data. Unlike the recent work of [Wu and Xiu, J. Comput. Phys. 2020], where the learning takes place in modal/Fourier space, the current method conducts the learning and modeling in physical space and uses measurement data as nodal values. We present a DNN structure that has a direct correspondence to the evolution operator of the underlying PDE, thus establishing the existence of the DNN model. The DNN model also does not require any geometric information of the data nodes. Consequently, a trained DNN defines a predictive model for the underlying unknown PDE over structureless grids. A set of examples, including linear and nonlinear scalar PDE, system of PDEs, in both one dimension and two dimensions, over structured and unstructured grids, are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed DNN modeling. Extension to other equations such as differential-integral equations is also discussed.
Medienpädagogisch professionelles LehrerInnenhandeln
Creators: name: Schrammel, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Zusammenfassung Der vorliegende Beitrag ist in der seit Mitte der 1990er Jahre geführten Auseinandersetzung um die Professionalisierung medienpädagogischen Handelns von LehrerInnen verortet. Gegenstand der Überlegungen sind Konzepte für die medienpädagogische Aus- und Weiterbildung von LehrerInnen. Es wird problematisiert, dass diese durchgängig auf theoretischen Überlegungen zur Medienkompetenz und nicht auf Professionalisierungstheorien fundieren . Um dem konstatierten Theoriedesiderat zu begegnen, wird der strukturtheoretische Professionalisierungsansatz nach Helsper vorgestellt. Welche Implikationen sich auf der Grundlage dieser professionalisierungstheoretisch-pädagogischen Position für die theoretische Konzeption von Aus- und Weiterbildungsmaßnahmen der medienpädagogischen LehrerInnenbildung ergeben, wird abschließend skizziert.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 3 (2010): 3/2010 - Cultural Diversity
A Hierarchy of Multipartite Correlations Based on Concentratable Entanglement
Creators: name: Schatzki, Louis
name: Liu, Guangkuo
name: Cerezo, M.
name: Chitambar, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multipartite entanglement is one of the hallmarks of quantum mechanics and is central to quantum information processing. In this work we show that Concentratable Entanglement (CE), an operationally motivated entanglement measure, induces a hierarchy upon pure states from which different entanglement structures can be certified. In particular, we find that nearly all genuine multipartite entangled states can be verified through CE. In the process we find the exact maximal value of CE and corresponding states for up to 18 qubits and show that these correspond to extremal quantum error correcting codes. The latter allows us to unravel a deep connection between CE and coding theory. Finally, our results also offer an alternative proof, on up to 31 qubits, that absolutely maximally entangled states do not exist.
Decoherence in Solid State Qubits
Creators: name: Chirolli, Luca
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interaction of solid state qubits with environmental degrees of freedom strongly affects the qubit dynamics, and leads to decoherence. In quantum information processing with solid state qubits, decoherence significantly limits the performances of such devices. Therefore, it is necessary to fully understand the mechanisms that lead to decoherence. In this review we discuss how decoherence affects two of the most successful realizations of solid state qubits, namely, spin-qubits and superconducting qubits. In the former, the qubit is encoded in the spin 1/2 of the electron, and it is implemented by confining the electron spin in a semiconductor quantum dot. Superconducting devices show quantum behavior at low temperatures, and the qubit is encoded in the two lowest energy levels of a superconducting circuit. The electron spin in a quantum dot has two main decoherence channels, a (Markovian) phonon-assisted relaxation channel, due to the presence of a spin-orbit interaction, and a (non-Markovian) spin bath constituted by the spins of the nuclei in the quantum dot that interact with the electron spin via the hyperfine interaction. In a superconducting qubit, decoherence takes place as a result of fluctuations in the control parameters, such as bias currents, applied flux, and bias voltages, and via losses in the dissipative circuit elements.
description: review article, 66 pages, 10 figures
Observation of anisotropy-independent magnetization dynamics in spatially disordered Heisenberg spin systems
Creators: name: Franz, Titus
name: Geier, Sebastian
name: Hainaut, Clément
name: Braemer, Adrian
name: Thaicharoen, Nithiwadee
name: Hornung, Moritz
name: Braun, Eduard
name: Gärttner, Martin
name: Zürn, Gerhard
name: Weidemüller, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important step towards a comprehensive understanding of far-from-equilibrium dynamics of quantum many-body systems is the identification of unifying features that are independent of microscopic details of the system. We experimentally observe such robust features in the magnetization relaxation dynamics of disordered Heisenberg XX-, XXZ- and Ising Hamiltonians. We realize these Heisenberg spin models with tunable anisotropy parameter and power-law interactions in an ensemble of Rydberg atoms by encoding the spin in suitable Rydberg state combinations. We consistently observe stretched-exponential relaxation of magnetization for all considered spin models, collapsing onto a single curve after appropriate rescaling of time. This robust short-time relaxation behavior is explained by a perturbative treatment that exploits the strong disorder in pairwise couplings, which leads to a description in terms of approximately independent pairs of spins. In numerical simulations of small systems, we show that these pairs of spins constitute approximate local integrals of motion, which remain at least partially conserved on a timescale exceeding the duration of the relaxation dynamics of the magnetization.
Eight more low luminosity globular clusters in the Sagittarius dwarf galaxy
Creators: name: Minniti, D.
name: Gómez, M.
name: Alonso-García, J.
name: Saito, R. K.
name: Garro, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Sagittarius (Sgr) dwarf galaxy is merging with the Milky Way, and the study of its globular clusters (GCs) is important to understand the history and outcome of this ongoing process. Aims. Our main goal is to characterize the GC system of the Sgr dwarf galaxy. This task is hampered by high foreground stellar contamination, mostly from the Galactic bulge. Methods. We performed a GC search specifically tailored to find new GC members within the main body of this dwarf galaxy using the combined data of the VISTA Variables in the Via Lactea Extended Survey (VVVX) near-infrared survey and the Gaia Early Data Release 3 (EDR3) optical database. Results. We applied proper motion (PM) cuts to discard foreground bulge and disk stars, and we found a number of GC candidates in the main body of the Sgr dwarf galaxy. We selected the best GCs as those objects that have significant overdensities above the stellar background of the Sgr galaxy and that possess color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs) with well-defined red giant branches (RGBs) consistent with the distance and reddening of this galaxy. Conclusions. We discover eight new GC members of the Sgr galaxy, which adds up to 29 total GCs known in this dwarf galaxy. This total number of GCs shows that the Sgr dwarf galaxy hosts a rather rich GC system. Most of the new GCs appear to be predominantly metal-rich and have low luminosity. In addition, we identify ten other GC candidates that are more uncertain and need more data for proper confirmation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in A&A journal
Star products made (somewhat) easier
Creators: name: Kupriyanov, V. G.
name: Vassilevich, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop an approach to the deformation quantization on the real plane with an arbitrary Poisson structure which based on Weyl symmetrically ordered operator products. By using a polydifferential representation for deformed coordinates $\hat x^j$ we are able to formulate a simple and effective iterative procedure which allowed us to calculate the fourth order star product (and may be extended to the fifth order at the expense of tedious but otherwise straightforward calculations). Modulo some cohomology issues which we do not consider here, the method gives an explicit and physics-friendly description of the star products.
description: 20 pages, v2, v3: comments and references added
Halo cluster shapes: Insights from simulated galaxies and ICL with prospects for weak lensing applications
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Elizabeth J.
name: Ragone-Figueroa, Cinthia
name: Donzelli, Carlos J.
name: Makler, Martín
name: Lambas, Diego García
name: Granato, Gian Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the shapes and alignments of different galaxy cluster components using hydrodynamical simulations. We compute shape parameters from the Dark Matter (DM) distribution, the galaxy members and the intra-cluster light (ICL). We assess how well the DM cluster shape can be constrained by means of the identified galaxy member positions and the ICL. Further, we address the dilution factor introduced when estimating the cluster elongation using weak-lensing stacking techniques, which arises due to the misalignment between the total surface mass distribution and the distribution of luminous tracers. The dilution is computed considering the alignment between the DM and the Brightest Cluster Galaxy, the galaxy members and the ICL. Our study shows that distributions of galaxy members and ICL are less spherical than the DM component, although both are well aligned with the semi-major axis of the later. We find that the distribution of galaxy members hosted in more concentrated subhalos is more elongated than the distribution of the DM. Moreover, these galaxies are better aligned with the dark matter component compared to the distribution of galaxies hosted in less concentrated subhalos. We conclude that the positions of galaxy members can be used as suitable tracers to estimate the cluster surface density orientation, even when a low number of members is considered. Our results provide useful information for interpreting the constraints on the shapes of galaxy clusters in observational studies.
description: Submitted MNRAS. 12 pages, 7 figures (+ appendix)
Marketing Practices and Financial Performance of Local Food Producers: A Comparison of Beginning and Experienced Farmers
Creators: name: Martinez, Stephen
name: Park, Timothy
name: Martinez, Stephen
name: Park, Timothy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Local foods
subject: 2015 Local Food Marketing Practices Survey
subject: beginning farmers
subject: financial performance

description: Local food sold directly to consumers, retailers, and institutions may provide financial benefits to beginning and other farmers compared to farmers who market through traditional channels. This report evaluates the characteristics, production, and marketing practices, and financial performance of local food producers with varying levels of farming and direct marketing experience.
A Molecular Einstein Ring at z=4.12: Imaging the Dynamics of a Quasar Host Galaxy Through a Cosmic Lens
Creators: name: Riechers, Dominik A.
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Brewer, Brendon J.
name: Carilli, Christopher L.
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Bertoldi, Frank
name: Cox, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution (0.3") Very Large Array (VLA) imaging of the molecular gas in the host galaxy of the high redshift quasar PSS J2322+1944 (z=4.12). These observations confirm that the molecular gas (CO) in the host galaxy of this quasar is lensed into a full Einstein ring, and reveal the internal dynamics of the molecular gas in this system. The ring has a diameter of ~1.5", and thus is sampled over ~20 resolution elements by our observations. Through a model-based lens inversion, we recover the velocity gradient of the molecular reservoir in the quasar host galaxy of PSS J2322+1944. The Einstein ring lens configuration enables us to zoom in on the emission and to resolve scales down to ~1 kpc. From the model-reconstructed source, we find that the molecular gas is distributed on a scale of 5 kpc, and has a total mass of M(H2)=1.7 x 10^10 M_sun. A basic estimate of the dynamical mass gives M_dyn = 4.4 x 10^10 (sin i)^-2 M_sun, that is, only ~2.5 times the molecular gas mass, and ~30 times the black hole mass (assuming that the dynamical structure is highly inclined). The lens configuration also allows us to tie the optical emission to the molecular gas emission, which suggests that the active galactic nucleus (AGN) does reside within, but not close to the center of the molecular reservoir. Together with the (at least partially) disturbed structure of the CO, this suggests that the system is interacting. Such an interaction, possibly caused by a major `wet' merger, may be responsible for both feeding the quasar and fueling the massive starburst of 680 M_sun/yr in this system, in agreement with recently suggested scenarios of quasar activity and galaxy assembly in the early universe.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, to appear in ApJ (accepted June 27, 2008)
Reconstruction wedges in $AdS/CFT$ with boundary fractallike structures
Creators: name: Bao, Ning
name: Naskar, Joydeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we show the robustness of uberholography and its associated quantum error correcting code against the breakdown of entanglement wedge in the presence of highly entropic mixed states in the bulk. We show that for Cantor-set-like erasure in the boundary in $AdS_3/CFT_2$, the code distance is independent of the mixed-state entropy in the bulk in the $m\rightarrow\infty$ limit. We also show that for a Sierpinski triangle shaped boundary subregion with fractal boundary erasures in $AdS_4/CFT_3$, bulk reconstruction is possible in the presence of highly entropic mixed states in the bulk in the large $m$ regime.
description: Errors corrected. Journal version
title: Use of 5-Thio-L-Fucose to modulate binding affinity of therapeutic proteins
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Martina
name: Nguyen, Melanie
name: Schultheiss, Christian M.
name: Kolmar, Harald
name: Zimmer, Aline
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2025

description: The reduction of antibody core-fucosylation is known to enhance antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC). In this study, 5-Thio-l-Fucose (ThioFuc) was investigated as a media and feed supplement for modulating the fucosylation profile of therapeutic proteins and, thereby, improving the resulting effector functions. Glycan analysis of five different therapeutic proteins produced by a diverse set of Chinese hamster ovary cell lines demonstrated a clone dependent impact of ThioFuc treatment. Using rituximab as a model, an efficient dose- and time-dependent reduction of core-fucosylation up to a minimum of 5% were obtained by ThioFuc. Besides a concomitant increase in the afucosylation level up to 48%, data also revealed up to 47% incorporation of ThioFuc in place of core-fucosylation. In accordance with the glycan data, antibodies produced in the presence of ThioFuc revealed an enhanced FcγRIIIa binding up to 7.7-fold. Furthermore, modified antibodies subjected to a cell-based ADCC reporter bioassay proved to exert both a 1.5-fold enhanced ADCC efficacy and 2.6-fold enhancement in potency in comparison to their native counterparts—both of which contribute to an improvement in the ADCC activity. In conclusion, ThioFuc is a potent fucose derivative with potential applications in drug development processes.
New Calculations of Stellar Wind Torques
Creators: name: Matt, Sean P.
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using numerical simulations of magnetized stellar winds, we carry out a parameter study to find the dependence of the stellar wind torque on observable parameters. We find that the power-law dependencies of the torque on parameters is significantly different than what has been used in all spin evolution models to date.
description: To appear in the proceedings for the 15th Cambridge Workshop on Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun. 4 page poster contribution
Quark Number Fluctuations at Finite Temperature and Finite Chemical Potential via the Dyson-Schwinger Equation Approach
Creators: name: Xin, Xian-yin
name: Qin, Si-xue
name: Liu, Yu-xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quark number fluctuations up to the fourth order in the matter composed of two light flavor quarks with isospin symmetry and at finite temperature and finite chemical potential using the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach of QCD. In order to solve the quark gap equation, we approximate the dressed quark-gluon vertex with the bare one and adopt both the Marris-Tandy (MT) model and the infrared constant (Qin-Chang) model for the dressed gluon propagator. Our results indicate that the second, third, and forth order fluctuations of net quark number all diverge at the critical end point (CEP). Around the CEP, the second order fluctuation possesses obvious pump while the third and fourth order ones exhibit distinct wiggles between positive and negative. For the MT model and the Qin-Chang model, we give the pseudo-critical temperature at zero quark chemical potential as $T_{c}=146$ MeV and $150$ MeV, and locate the CEP at $({μ_{E}^{q}}, {T_{E}^{}}) = (120, 124)$ MeV and $(124,129)$ MeV, respectively. In addition, our results manifest that the fluctuations are insensitive to the details of the model, but the location of the CEP shifts to low chemical potential and high temperature as the confinement length scale increases.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Privacy preserving synthetic health data
Creators: name: Yale, Andrew
name: Saloni Dash
name: Ritik Dutta
name: Guyon, Isabelle
name: Pavao, Adrien
name: Bennett, Kristin P.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: We examine the feasibility of using synthetic medical data generated by GANs in the classroom, to teach data science in health informatics. Teaching data analysis with actual medical data such as electronic healthcare records is greatly restrained by laws protecting patient's privacy, such as HIPAA in the United States. While beneficial, these laws severely limit access to medical data thus stagnating innovation and limiting educational opportunities. The process of obfuscation of medical data is costly and time consuming with high penalties for accidental release. Health histories recovered from deidentified data may result in harm to the subject. Research and education is biased towards the few publicly-available datasets such as the ICU dataset "Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care" (MIMIC). Our focus lies on the problem of making available to medical students and researchers a wider variety of medical datasets, by creating synthetic data which retains utility for teaching purposes, and ideally even for research, while definitively preserving privacy. Our proposed workflow consists of training a generative model of synthetic data, using real data in a secure sand-boxed environment, exporting the model to the outside, and then synthesizing data. This procedure complies with our healthcare partners’ regulatory requirements. We develop a novel Wasserstein GAN and conduct a benchmark study on MIMIC data comparing it to 5 other approaches using novel metrics, based on nearest neighbor adversarial accuracy, for defining the resemblance and privacy of synthetic data generated from real data. We performed a comparison of 6 data generative methods on the MIMIC-III mortality problem: Gaussian Multivariate, Wasserstein GAN (WGAN), Parzen Windows, Additive Noise Model (ANM), Differential Privacy preserving data obfuscation, and (6) Copy the original data. Using our resemblance metric only the WGAN and Parzen windows show enough resemblance when compared to both the training and testing data. With our privacy metric the WGAN, Gaussian Multivariate, and Parzen Windows all excel. The Gaussian Multivarite method is ultimately ruled out as it does not retain a high enough utility level for education and research purposes. The Parzen Windows method is eliminated because it stores the original data and therefore sacrifices privacy in the model itself. Therefore the WGAN was the only effective method that maintained privacy and that allowed model export. This workflow can be used to address the vital need to create datasets for health education and research without undergoing deidentification which can be both costly and risky, and lose information.
Shape anisotropy enhances the elasticity of colloidal gels through mechanisms that act multiplicatively
Creators: name: Kao, Peng-Kai
name: Solomon, Michael J.
name: Ganesan, Mahesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical gelation of colloids produces elastic structures that are commonly used to stabilize complex fluids in multiple industries. However, the ability to control the level of elastic modulus of these materials is limited by the universality of the arrested spinodal decomposition mechanism that governs their formation. We demonstrate that manipulating particle shape can yield very large shifts in gel elasticity relative to this universal behavior, and that these changes are generated by a set of independent mechanisms that act multiplicatively. Modeling demonstrates that this efficient generation of elasticity is the consequence of the combined effects of shape anisotropy on the hierarchical fractal microstructure of the gel network, the anisotropy of the attractive interparticle pair potentials, and the volumetric compactness of the fractal cluster. The findings show how and why particle anisotropy can be exploited to generate elasticity at ultra-low colloidal volume fractions in this important class of soft matter.
Jets as diagnostics of the circumstellar medium and the explosion energetics of supernovae: the case of Cas A
Creators: name: Schure, K. M.
name: Vink, J.
name: Segura, G. García
name: Achterberg, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present hydrodynamical models for the Cassiopeia A (Cas A) supernova remnant and its observed jet / counter-jet system. We include the evolution of the progenitor's circumstellar medium, which is shaped by a slow red supergiant wind that is followed by a fast Wolf-Rayet (WR) wind. The main parameters of the simulations are the duration of the WR phase and the jet energy. We find that the jet is destroyed if the WR phase is sufficiently long and a massive circumstellar shell has formed. We therefore conclude that the WR phase must have been short (a few thousand yr), if present at all. Since the actual jet length of Cas A is not known we derive a lower limit for the jet energy, which is ~10^{48} erg. We discuss the implications for the progenitor of Cas A and the nature of its explosion.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, ApJ accepted. Version with high resolution figures available at http://www.phys.uu.nl/~schure/CasA_jet.pdf
The Gauss Image Problem with Weak Aleksandrov Condition
Creators: name: Semenov, Vadim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A40, 35J96 (Primary) 52A20, 52A38, 52B11, 35J20 (Secondary)

description: We introduce a relaxation of the Aleksandrov condition for the Gauss Image Problem. This weaker condition turns out to be a necessary condition for two measures to be related by a convex body. We provide several properties of the new condition. A solution to the Gauss Image Problem is obtained for the case when one of the measures is assumed to be discrete and the another measure is assumed to be absolutely continuous, under the new relaxed assumption.
description: Final Version
Early SUSY discovery at LHC via sparticle cascade decays to same-sign and multimuon states
Creators: name: Baer, Howard
name: Lessa, Andre
name: Summy, Heaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the very early stages of LHC running, uncertainties in detector performance will lead to large ambiguities in jet, electron and photon energy measurements, along with inferred missing transverse energy. However, muon detection should be quite straightforward, with the added benefit that muons can be reliably detected down to transverse energies of order 5 GeV. Supersymmetry discovery through multimuon channels has been extensively explored in the literature, but always relying on hard ET^miss cuts. Here, we quantify signal and background rates for same-sign (SS) dimuon and multimuon production at the LHC without any ET^miss cuts. The LHC, operating at \sqrt{s}=10 TeV, should be able to discover a signal over expected background consistent with gluino pair production for m_{\tg}\alt 450 (550) GeV in the SS dimuon plus \ge 4 jets state with just 0.1 (0.2) fb^{-1} of integrated luminosity.
description: 12 pages including 4 EPS figures; updated version recomputes signal and background rates for LHC collisions at 10 TeV
Gravito-turbulence and dynamo in poorly ionised protostellar discs. I. Zero-net-flux case
Creators: name: Riols, A.
name: Xu, W.
name: Lesur, G.
name: Kunz, M. W.
name: Latter, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In their early stages, protoplanetary discs are sufficiently massive to undergo gravitational instability (GI). This instability is thought to be involved in mass accretion, planet formation via gas fragmentation, the generation of spiral density waves, and outbursts. A key and very recent area of research is the interaction between the GI and magnetic fields in young protoplanetary discs, in particular whether this instability is able to sustain a magnetic field via a dynamo. We conduct three-dimensional, stratified shearing-box simulations using two independent codes, PLUTO and Athena++, to characterise the GI dynamo in poorly ionised protostellar discs subject to ambipolar diffusion. We find that the dynamo operates across a large range of ambipolar Elssaser number Am (which characterises the strength of ambipolar diffusion) and is particularly strong in the regime Am=10-100, with typical magnetic to thermal energy ratios of order unity. The dynamo is only weakly dependent on resolution (at least for Am <100), box size, and cooling law. The magnetic field is produced by the combination of differential rotation and large-scale vertical roll motions associated with spiral density waves. Our results have direct implications for the dynamo process in young protoplanetary discs and possibly some regions of AGN discs.
description: accepted in MNRAS
$K$-theory of two-dimensional substitution tiling spaces from $AF$-algebras
Creators: name: Liu, Jianlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a two-dimensional substitution tiling space, we show that, under some reasonable assumptions, the $K$-theory of the groupoid $C^\ast$-algebra of its unstable groupoid can be explicitly reconstructed from the $K$-theory of the $AF$-algebras of the substitution rule and its analogue on the $1$-skeleton. We prove this by generalizing the calculations done for the chair tiling in [JS16] using relative $K$-theory and excision, and packaging the result into an exact sequence purely in topology. From this exact sequence, it appears that one cannot use only ordinary $K$-theory to compute using the dimension-filtration on the unstable groupoid. Several examples are computed using Sage and the results are compiled in a table.
description: Slightly updated to match publication
A Model-free Variable Screening Method Based on Leverage Score
Creators: name: Zhong, Wenxuan
name: Liu, Yiwen
name: Zeng, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: With rapid advances in information technology, massive datasets are collected in all fields of science, such as biology, chemistry, and social science. Useful or meaningful information is extracted from these data often through statistical learning or model fitting. In massive datasets, both sample size and number of predictors can be large, in which case conventional methods face computational challenges. Recently, an innovative and effective sampling scheme based on leverage scores via singular value decompositions has been proposed to select rows of a design matrix as a surrogate of the full data in linear regression. Analogously, variable screening can be viewed as selecting rows of the design matrix. However, effective variable selection along this line of thinking remains elusive. In this article, we bridge this gap to propose a weighted leverage variable screening method by utilizing both the left and right singular vectors of the design matrix. We show theoretically and empirically that the predictors selected using our method can consistently include true predictors not only for linear models but also for complicated general index models. Extensive simulation studies show that the weighted leverage screening method is highly computationally efficient and effective. We also demonstrate its success in identifying carcinoma related genes using spatial transcriptome data.
description: Journal of the American Statistical Association, published online: 21 Jun 2021
The Food Retail Landscape Across Rural America
Creators: name: Stevens, Alexander
name: Cho, Clare
name: Cakir, Metin
name: Kong, Xiangwen
name: Boland, Michael A
name: Stevens, Alexander
name: Cho, Clare
name: Cakir, Metin
name: Kong, Xiangwen
name: Boland, Michael A
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Food retailers
subject: rural America
subject: nonmetro
subject: metro

description: An examination of the landscape of food retailers across the contiguous United Stated focusing on rural America and food stores.
Medienerziehung im Vorschulbereich
Creators: name: Kern, Gudrun
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Im Zuge des Projekts Mediengarten der Wiener Medienpädagogik wurde in Kooperation mit angehenden KindergartenpädagogInnen eine Medienerziehung im Sinne einer Auseinandersetzung über Medien im Vorschulbereich anhand konkreter Angebote in Kindergärten konzipiert. Im folgenden Artikel werden die Schwerpunktsetzungen dieses Konzepts vorgestellt und durch praktische Beispiele verdeutlicht
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 3 (2010): 3/2010 - Cultural Diversity
E-Portfolio-Literaturwerkstatt Online
Creators: name: Mulley, Ursula
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2010

description: Der Einsatz des Computers im Unterricht gewinnt gegenwärtig immer mehr an Bedeutung. Das Projekt "E-Portfolio-Literaturwerkstatt Online" möchte einen Beitrag leisten, diese Wichtigkeit zu unterstreichen, indem es einen Bereich aufzeigt, wo Computereinsatz effizient individuelle und differenzierte Möglichkeiten für SchülerInnen mit anderen Erstsprachen als Deutsch bietet, um in den Unterricht, besonders in der Leistungsdokumentation, integriert zu werden.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 48 Nr. 3 (2010): 3/2010 - Cultural Diversity
Deformative Magnetic Marked Length Spectrum Rigidity
Creators: name: Reber, James Marshall
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J50 (Primary) 37C10 (Secondary)

description: Let $M$ be a closed surface and let $\{g_s \ | \ s \in (-ε, ε)\}$ be a smooth one-parameter family of Riemannian metrics on $M$. Also let $\{κ_s : M \rightarrow \mathbb{R} \ | \ s \in (-ε, ε)\}$ be a smooth one-parameter family of functions on $M$. Then the family $\{(g_s, κ_s) \ | \ s \in (-ε, ε)\}$ gives rise to a family of magnetic flows on $TM$. We show that if the magnetic curvatures are negative for $s \in (-ε, ε)$ and the lengths of each periodic orbit remains constant as the parameter $s$ varies, then there exists a smooth family of diffeomorphisms $\{f_s : M \rightarrow M \ | \ s \in (-ε, ε)\}$ such that $f_s^*(g_s) = g_0$ and $f_s^*(κ_s) = κ_0$. This generalizes a result of Guillemin and Kazhdan to the setting of magnetic flows.
description: v3: 10 pages, corrected errors in Corollary 3.2 and Lemma 3.4. Version 2 could still be useful for those who want Carlemann estimates for magnetic flows. v2: 17 pages, incorporated referee comments. To appear in "Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society."
Luminosity-Metallicity Relation for dIrr Galaxies in the Near-Infrared
Creators: name: Saviane, Ivo
name: Ivanov, Valentin D.
name: Held, Enrico V.
name: Alloin, Danielle
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Bresolin, Fabio
name: Rizzi, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) The present work is a first step to collect homogeneous abundances and near-infrared (NIR) luminosities for a sample of dwarf irregular (dIrr) galaxies, located in nearby groups. The use of NIR luminosities is intended to provide a better proxy to mass than the blue luminosities commonly used in the literature; in addition, selecting group members reduces the impact of uncertain distances. Accurate abundances are derived to assess the galaxy metallicity. Optical spectra are collected for Hii regions in the dIrrs, allowing the determination of oxygen abundances by means of the temperature-sensitive method. For each dIrr galaxy H-band imaging is performed and the total magnitudes are measured via surface photometry. This high-quality database allows us to build a well-defined luminosity-metallicity relation in the range -13 >= M(H) >= -20. The scatter around its linear fit is reduced to 0.11 dex, the lowest of all relations currently available. There might exist a difference between the relation for dIrrs and the relation for giant galaxies, although a firm conclusion should await direct abundance determinations for a significant sample of massive galaxies. This new dataset provides an improved luminosity-metallicity relation, based on a standard NIR band, for dwarf star-forming galaxies. The relation can now be compared with some confidence to the predictions of models of galaxy evolution. Exciting follow-ups of this work are (a) exploring groups with higher densities, (b) exploring nearby galaxy clusters to probe environmental effects on the luminosity-metallicity relation, and (c) deriving direct oxygen abundances in the central regions of star-forming giant galaxies, to settle the question of a possible dichotomy between the chemical evolution of dwarfs and that of massive galaxies.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures, accepted by A&A
The GOGREEN survey: Dependence of galaxy properties on halo mass at z > 1 and implications for environmental quenching
Creators: name: Reeves, Andrew M. M.
name: Balogh, Michael L.
name: van der Burg, Remco F. J.
name: Finoguenov, Alexis
name: Kukstas, Egidijus
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
name: Webb, Kristi
name: Muzzin, Adam
name: McGee, Sean
name: Rudnick, Gregory
name: Biviano, Andrea
name: Cerulo, Pierluigi
name: Chan, Jeffrey C. C.
name: Cooper, M. C.
name: Demarco, Ricardo
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
name: Wilson, Gillian
name: Yee, Howard K. C.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use photometric redshifts and statistical background subtraction to measure stellar mass functions in galaxy group-mass ($4.5-8\times10^{13}~\mathrm{M}_\odot$) haloes at $11$.
description: Accepted July 6, 2021, MNRAS
Quantum optical coherence tomography of a biological sample
Creators: name: Nasr, Magued B.
name: Goode, Darryl P.
name: Nguyen, Nam
name: Rong, Guoxin
name: Yang, Linglu
name: Reinhard, Bjorn M.
name: Saleh, Bahaa E. A.
name: Teich, Malvin C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum optical coherence tomography (QOCT) makes use of an entangled-photon light source to carry out dispersion-immune axial optical sectioning. We present the first experimental QOCT images of a biological sample: an onion-skin tissue coated with gold nanoparticles. 3D images are presented in the form of 2D sections of different orientations.
description: 16 Pages, 6 Figures