cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The temporal dynamics of bacteria in the coelomic fluid of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus after evisceration
Creators: name: Zhang, C
name: Yu, Z
name: Xue, Z
name: Li, H
name: Zhu, J
name: Wang, L
name: Song, L
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2021

description: Sea cucumbers have been emerged as important models to study organ regeneration and development owing to the capacity to regenerate its organs quickly after evisceration. Evisceration is a special defense mechanism for sea cucumber to eject all of internal organs when they encounter predators or adverse environmental conditions. However, little was known about the dynamics of bacterial community in coelomic fluid after evisceration. In the present study, evisceration was induced by intracelomic injection of 0.35 M KCl, and the significantly alternation of bacterial community in coelomic fluid of sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus was observed with lower diversity and total bacterial load at 7 dpe (days post evisceration) and 14 dpe. The bacterial community was tended to restore at 28 dpe. In particular, relative abundances of Bacteroidetes and Rubritaleaceae, which involved in degradation of polysaccharides and lipid, increased significantly at 7 dpe (p < 0.05), and returned to the original level at 28 dpe. In addition, the predicted functions of bacterial community indicated that the bacteria associated with metabolism pathways of amino acid, lipid and carbohydrate also increased significantly at 7 dpe. These results suggested that the bacterial community in coelomic fluid of A. japonicus was highly dynamic and could rebuild a stable community structure after evisceration. It was suggested that the enriched metabolic related beneficial bacteria at early stage played a role after evisceration in terms of decomposing polysaccharides and lipid to provide energy.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Generalized coherent and squeezed states based on the $h(1) \otimes su(2)$ algebra
Creators: name: Alvarez-Moraga, Nibaldo
name: Hussin, Veronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: States which minimize the Schrödinger--Robertson uncertainty relation are constructed as eigenstates of an operator which is a element of the $h(1) \oplus \su(2)$ algebra. The relations with supercoherent and supersqueezed states of the supersymmetric harmonic oscillator are given. Moreover, we are able to compute gneneral Hamiltonians which behave like the harmonic oscillator Hamiltonian or are related to the Jaynes--Cummings Hamiltonian.
description: 42 pages, 10 figures
Relative merits and limiting factors for x-ray and electron microscopy of thick, hydrated organic materials (revised)
Creators: name: Du, Ming
name: Jacobsen, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron and x-ray microscopes allow one to image the entire, unlabeled structure of hydrated materials at a resolution well beyond what visible light microscopes can achieve. However, both approaches involve ionizing radiation, so that radiation damage must be considered as one of the limits to imaging. Drawing upon earlier work, we describe here a unified approach to estimating the image contrast (and thus the required exposure and corresponding radiation dose) in both x-ray and electron microscopy. This approach accounts for factors such as plural and inelastic scattering, and (in electron microscopy) the use of energy filters to obtain so-called "zero loss" images. As expected, it shows that electron microscopy offers lower dose for specimens thinner than about 1 micron (such as for studies of macromolecules, viruses, bacteria and archaebacteria, and thin sectioned material), while x-ray microscopy offers superior characteristics for imaging thicker specimen such as whole eukaryotic cells, thick-sectioned tissues, and organs. The required radiation dose scales strongly as a function of the desired spatial resolution, allowing one to understand the limits of live and frozen hydrated specimen imaging. Finally, we consider the factors limiting x-ray microscopy of thicker materials, suggesting that specimens as thick as a whole mouse brain can be imaged with x-ray microscopes without significant image degradation should appropriate image reconstruction methods be identified. The as-published article [Ultramicroscopy 184, 293--309 (2018); doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.10.003] had some minor mistakes that we correct here, with all changes from the as-published article shown in blue.
description: This is a revised full manuscript from the previously published version [Ultramicroscopy 184, 293--309 (2018); doi:10.1016/j.ultramic.2017.10.003]. An erratum is submitted to the journal, but we also wish to publish the full revised paper for readers' convenience
Isolation and characterization of lignin from populus
Creators: name: Stewart, Jaclyn Jeanette
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Wood chemistry, and in particular lignin chemistry, impacts chemical pulp yield and quality. In this research, a thorough lignin chemical structure was elucidated and related to pulp properties of natural aspen clones and genetically modified hybrid poplar. The chemical differences among phenotypically distinct naturally grown aspen clones indicated that considerable variability exists in the concentration of carbohydrates, lignin, and extractive. Lignin monomer ratio was determined using thioacidolysis and nitrobenzene oxidation, and varied from 74.4 to 80.3% syringyl units. The ease of chemical pulping was very strongly correlated with the mol % S derived from nitrobenzene oxidation. Two clones (10-1 and 16-2) that revealed the greatest differences in Kraft pulping efficiencies (difference of yield and Kappa) were subject to extensive lignin analyses. The peak molecular weight of sample 10-1 lignin was shown to be significantly higher than sample 16-2 lignin. These two samples were also employed for in-depth NMR analysis in order to determine side chain linkages, functional group differences, and aromatic carbon nature. It was shown that the structure of the residual lignin generated by ball milling was consistent with Kraft pulp efficacy; the phenolic hydroxyl content and methoxyl content were both higher for sample 16-2 than for sample 10-1. A similar study, employing highly selective and controlled genetically modified lignin, involved in-depth lignin analysis. Hybrid poplar expressing the Arabidopsis ferulate 5-hydroxylase gene under the control of a cinnamate 4-hydroxylase promoter was the model sample. As expected, the modified lignin had an increase in syringyl content as measured by thioacidolysis and methoxyl analysis. In addition to this monomer ratio shift, the molecular weight of the lignin was reduced in the modified lignin, which may further enhanced chemical pulping efficiency. This is the first report of a dramatic molecular weight decrease due to up-regulation of a gene in the lignin biosynthetic pathway.
Pure-injective hulls of modules over valuation rings
Creators: name: Couchot, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: MSC 13F30

description: If $\hat{R} is the pure-injective hull of a valuation ring $R$, it is proved that $\hat{R}\otimes\_RM$ is the pure-injective of $M$, for each finitely generated module $M$. Moreover, $\hat{R}\otimes\_RM\simeq\oplus\_{1\leq k\leq n}\hat{R}/A\_k\hat{R}$, where $A\_1,...,A\_n$ is the annihilator sequence of $M$. The pure-injective hulls of uniserial or polyserial modules are also investigated. Any two pure-composition series of a countably generated polyserial module are isomorphic.
Conservation genetics of small populations
Creators: name: Marr, Amy Beth
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Many species of plants and animals exist in small populations because human activities have fragmented and reduced natural habitats. Individuals in small, relatively isolated populations tend to have lower survival and reproductive success due to inbreeding and loss of genetic variation. To reverse these genetic problems, some biologists have advocated managing rare species by building dispersal corridors among populations or by translocating individuals. However, conservation strategies that manipulate gene flow are risky. This thesis uses long-term data on a population of song sparrows to study the various genetic phenomena that can be vital to the biology and management of small populations. The data on the song sparrows (Melospiza melodia) of Mandarte Island are somewhat extraordinary because, since 1975, virtually all individuals have been colour-banded and there exists an extensive pedigree of the population. Chapter one introduces the study population, provides background on inbreeding depression and genetic drift, and discusses the objectives of this thesis. Chapter two describes the survival and reproductive success of immigrants and their descendants in the Mandarte Island song sparrow population. The performance differences between immigrant and native females and between F[sub i]s (birds with an immigrant and a native parent) and the average of immigrants and natives suggest that immigrants were disadvantaged by a lack of site experience, and that F[sub i]s benefited from heterosis. However, none ofthe gains experienced by F[sub i]s were seen in the subsequent generation, probably due to outbreeding depression. Chapter three uses a simulation model to demonstrate that errors in the pedigree cause errors in inbreeding coefficients and bias in inbreeding depression estimates. Chapter four tests for the interactive effects of inbreeding and environmental stress on four reproductive traits. It is shown that the eggs laid by inbred female song sparrows had particularly low hatching success during rainy periods. Pedigree error and interactions between inbreeding and environmental stress are two factors that may contribute to variation in inbreeding depression estimates across studies. Chapter five explains why the findings for this study population and other academic research on inbreeding and outbreeding are relevant to the management of small populations of conservation concern.
대수적 구조의 형성의 격자들
Creators: name: Tsarev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebra
subject: 10105 Group Theory and Generalisations
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10107 Mathematical Logic, Set Theory, Lattices and Universal Algebra

description: 본 논문에서는 대수 구조의 형성에 대한 다양한 격자를 조사 연구하였다. 유한군들의 클래스가 형성(formation)이라는 정의는 클래스의 한 원소인 군 $G$에 대하여 그의 상군 $G/N$을 포함하고, 만약 $G/N_1$과 $G/N_2$가 클래스에 속한다면 $G/N_1 \cap N_2$도 포함하는 조건을 만족하는 클래스이다. 본 논문에서의 주요결과는 다음과 같다. 다양한 국소 형성들에 대응하는 언어들을 설명하였다. $\sigma$는 모든 소수의 집합의 분할이라 하자. 모든 형성에 대한 격자의 모든 법칙은 모든 다양한 $\sigma$-국소형성들에 대한 격자 안에서 만족된다는 것을 증명하였다. 모든 함자 닫힌 성형성의 격자는 대수 격자라는 것과 모든 함자 닫힌 형성에 대한 격자의 모든 법체계가 모든 함자 닫힌 곱셈 부분 합성 형성들의 격자와 법체계가 일치한다는 것을 보였다. 또한, 모든 $\mathfrak X$-국소형성의 격자는 대수적이고 모듈러 격자라는 것을 증명하였다. $\mathfrak M$을 $T$-부분군의 최소성과 최대성 조건들을 만족하는 모든 복합연산자 $T$-군의 클래스라 하자. 그러면, 모든 함자 닫힌 $\mathfrak M$-형성에 대한 격자의 모든 법칙은 모든 함자 닫힌 곱셈 부분 엽층 형성들에 대한 격자 안에서 만족된다는 것을 증명하였다.
Lattice formulation of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Catterall, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a lattice action for ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory in four dimensions which is local, gauge invariant, free of spectrum doubling and possesses a single exact supersymmetry. Our construction starts from the observation that the fermions of the continuum theory can be mapped into the component fields of a single real anticommuting Kahler-Dirac field. The original supersymmetry algebra then implies the existence of a nilpotent scalar supercharge $Q$ and a corresponding set of bosonic superpartners. Using this field content we write down a $Q$-exact action and show that, with an appropriate change of variables, it reduces to a well-known twist of ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory due to Marcus. Using the discretization prescription developed in an earlier paper on the ${\cal N}=2$ theory in two dimensions we are able to translate this geometrical action to the lattice.
description: 15 pages. 1 reference corrected
Stated Preference Evaluation of Government Budgets
Creators: name: Kerr, Geoffrey N.
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Hughey, Kenneth F.D.
name: Kerr, Geoffrey N.
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Hughey, Kenneth F.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Choice experiment
subject: public preferences
subject: government budget

description: Stated preference approaches are widely used in non-market valuation. However, their potential uses extend far beyond valuation. In particular they can be used to assess efficiency of resource allocations and to design optimal resource allocations. Changes to the government budget were evaluated using a choice experiment. Results indicate potential efficiency gains from reallocation of the budget to items with higher marginal utility. In particular, New Zealand residents want more spending on health, education and the environment, with health spending consistently having the highest marginal benefits. People want less government money spent on income support. The choice experiment was able to identify the impacts of demographic factors. Young people rated spending on the environment and education more highly than other respondents.
Hypothetical Gravity Control and Possible Influence on Space Propulsion
Creators: name: Tajmar, M.
name: Bertolami, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In nearly all concepts invoked or proposed to change or shield gravity it is intuitively assumed that manipulation of gravity automatically leads to a breakthrough for propulsion. In this study it is shown, that even if gravity could be hypothetically controlled along the manipulation schemes outlined, the gains in terms of propulsion would be modest and lead to no breakthrough. Although the manipulation schemes presented are not exhaustive, they include the most straightforward ones from the current physics point of view.
Additional file 1 of Novel insights into the Thaumarchaeota in the deepest oceans: their metabolism and potential adaptation mechanisms
Creators: name: Haohui Zhong
name: Lehtovirta-Morley, Laura
name: Jiwen Liu
name: Yanfen Zheng
name: Heyu Lin
name: Delei Song
name: Todd, Jonathan D.
name: Jiwei Tian
name: Zhang, Xiao-Hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:. Supplementary figures and tables.
The Structure and Economic Impact of R&D Organisation in New Zealand
Creators: name: Johnson, Robin
name: Johnson, Robin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Investment
subject: R&D Expenditure
subject: Social Benefits

description: R&D spending in New Zealand is a mixture of private and public investment undertaken to improve productive activity and efficiency. Investment is split fairly equally between private business, government organisations and the universities. It is a long term investment with some uncertainty about outcomes being achieved. It is predominantly a public good investment as most government organisations and universities are providers of R&D but not users of it and hence there is a discontinuity in the connection between investment and results. Furthurmore, the supply of R&D has properties of a free good which lead to users looking for new applications on a wider and wider front (spillovers). For these reasons R&D is generally regarded as a `good thing’ rather than a solid investment vehicle. Cost-benefit studies have shown, both in New Zealand and overseas, some projects with rates of return well in excess of the opportunity cost of capital, yet at the aggregate level there is a paucity of cost-benefit studies confirming such rates of return on a broader industry basis. This paper discusses some results from aggregate studies of the economic impact of R&D investment in NZ and suggests reasons why the links between aggregate supply of R&D and user demand are very weak.
Origin of temperature dependent conductivity of $α$-polyvinylidene fluoride
Creators: name: Tuncer, Enis
name: Wegener, Michael
name: Frübing, Peter
name: Gerhard-Multhaupt, Reimund
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductivity of $α$-polyvinylidene fluoride ($α$-PVDF) is obtained from dielectric measurements performed in the frequency domain at several temperatures. At temperatures above the glass-transition, the conductivity can be interpreted as an ionic conductivity, which confirms earlier results reported in the literature. Our investigation shows that the observed ionic conductivity is closely related to the amorphous phase of the polymer.
The influence of cultural identity on willingness to pay values in contingent valuation surveys
Creators: name: Awatere, Shaun
name: Awatere, Shaun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Political Economy
subject: Māori
subject: Indigenous
subject: Culture
subject: Natural Resource Management
subject: Well-being
subject: Values
subject: Contingent Valuation

description: Current New Zealand resource management legislation requires local government actively recognise and take into account Māori values in resource management planning. This means the decision process and participants must interact with evidence based on Māori epistemologies. The Māori world-view is holistic in nature in that it embodies historical, environmental, and spiritual values, as well as modern experiences. Concerns arise for Māori communities when planners and developers utilise economic tools such as willingness to pay surveys to determine the total value of a proposed project. Other concerns are caused by surveys that ask a participant “are you Māori” and fail to recognise the diverse realities that exist for Māori. This paper draws from a survey of 700 respondents to identify the extent to which current conventional Contingent Valuation methodologies can measure changes in the environment where the response is culturally influenced. The influence of culture on willingness to pay decisions will be investigated using a measure of Māori identity. These cultural indicators involve assessing an individual's commitment and involvement in Māori cultural issues including: Te Reo (Māori language), whānau, other Māori, whakapapa (genealogy) and tikanga (Māori world view).
Accounting for Input Noise in Gaussian Process Parameter Retrieval
Creators: name: Johnson, J. Emmanuel
name: Laparra, Valero
name: Camps-Valls, Gustau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gaussian processes (GPs) are a class of Kernel methods that have shown to be very useful in geoscience and remote sensing applications for parameter retrieval, model inversion, and emulation. They are widely used because they are simple, flexible, and provide accurate estimates. GPs are based on a Bayesian statistical framework which provides a posterior probability function for each estimation. Therefore, besides the usual prediction (given in this case by the mean function), GPs come equipped with the possibility to obtain a predictive variance (i.e., error bars, confidence intervals) for each prediction. Unfortunately, the GP formulation usually assumes that there is no noise in the inputs, only in the observations. However, this is often not the case in earth observation problems where an accurate assessment of the measuring instrument error is typically available, and where there is huge interest in characterizing the error propagation through the processing pipeline. In this letter, we demonstrate how one can account for input noise estimates using a GP model formulation which propagates the error terms using the derivative of the predictive mean function. We analyze the resulting predictive variance term and show how they more accurately represent the model error in a temperature prediction problem from infrared sounding data.
Values of Ecosystem Services on Arable Land and the Role of Organic Farming
Creators: name: Takatsuka, Yuki
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Wilson, Matthew
name: Wratten, Steve D.
name: Takatsuka, Yuki
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Wilson, Matthew
name: Wratten, Steve D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Ecosystem Management
subject: Organic Farming
subject: Arable Farming
subject: Choice Modeling.

description: Nationwide mail surveys implemented in November 2004 report New Zealand residents‟ willingness to pay for improvement in ecosystem services and support for organic farming on arable land. The surveys were split into two subsets: Canterbury, which is the region with most arable farming in the nation, and the other New Zealand regions. Analysis of the data reveals that Canterbury residents‟ willingness to pay for reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from arable farming is greater than their willingness to pay for improvement in water quality, while it is the opposite for residents in other regions. In addition, residents‟ willingness to fund an organic farming project that enhances certain ecosystem services is analyzed. The results provide insights for management of arable lands to deliver selected ecosystem services in New Zealand.
Atmospheric Phase Correction Using Total Power Radiometry at the Submillimeter Array
Creators: name: Battat, James B.
name: Blundell, Raymond
name: Moran, James M.
name: Paine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase noise caused by an inhomogeneous, time-variable water vapor distribution in our atmosphere reduces the angular resolution, visibility amplitude and coherence time of millimeter and submillimeter wavelength interferometers. We present early results from our total power radiometry phase correction experiment carried out with the Submillimeter Array on Mauna Kea. From accurate measurements of the atmospheric emission along the lines of sight of two elements of the array, we estimated the differential atmospheric electrical path between them. In one test, presented here, the phase correction technique reduced the rms phase noise at 230 GHz from 72$\degr$ to 27$\degr$ over a 20 minute period with a 2.5 second integration time. This corresponds to a residual differential electrical path of 98 $μ$m, or 15 $μ$m of precipitable water vapor, and raises the coherence in the 20 minute period from 0.45 to 0.9.
description: Accepted for publication in the SMA Special Volume of the ApJ Letters (9 pages of text, 3 figures)
The Research of Impact of Returning Cultivated Land to Forests in Poverty Areas around Beijing-Tianjin on Local Economy—A Case Study of Shunping County in Hebei Province, China
Creators: name: Zhao, Li
name: Zhang, Peng-Tao
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zhang, Peng-Tao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Areas around Beijing-Tianjin
subject: Economic poverty
subject: Returning cultivated to forests
subject: Shunping County
subject: China

description: Taking Shunping County of Hebei Province as an example，according to the relevant survey data in the year 2008 after returning cultivated land and data in the year 2001 before returning cultivated land, the thesis analyzes the impact of implementation of project of returning cultivated land to forests on local land use structure, three industrial added value and famers’ per capita income. The results show that returning cultivated land has played a certain positive role on the local economic development and the improvement of people’s life level．However, there are also some shortcomings: although famers’ income is increasing with low growth rate, a large portion of famers still have not shaken off poverty; the farmers depends on subsidies greatly and the compensation mechanism of returning cultivated land is not considered well. China should further perfect the ecological compensation plan, and build rational ecological compensation mechanism in order to make the areas of returning cultivated land have self-blood-producing function; Shunping County should make full use of the location advantage in areas around Beijing-Tianjin, develop deep processing based on fruit trees industry, strengthen farmers’ skill training, and increase input in the agricultural infrastructure construction to propel the sustainable development of agriculture.
Development of Agricultural Recycle Economy in Arid Areas of Hexi Corridor-A Case Study of Zhangye city
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Chen, Yu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Zhangye city
subject: Restriction of resources and environment
subject: Agricultural recycle economy
subject: Countermeasures
subject: China

description: Taking Zhangye City as an example, the thesis analyzes the restricted factors of resources and environment confronted by the agriculture in arid area of Hexi Corridor: the first is the agricultural natural resources. The area of cultivated land decreases year by year, and there are sharp decrease of biological diversity as well as the shortage and waste of water resources; the second is the ecological environment. There are critical soil erosion, frequent natural disaster and outstanding agricultural area source pollution; the third is the rural economy. The agricultural structure still can not meet the need of agricultural development in recent years, and the proportion of agricultural product processing is low. It points out that implementation of agricultural recycle economy is the necessary choice of the agricultural development in Zhangye City. Developing recycle economy is conducive to improving ecological environment and realizing agricultural sustainable development; developing recycle economy can solve the agricultural area source pollution to much extent and protect rural environment; developing recycle economy is conducive to adjusting rural industrial structure, increasing job opportunities and increasing farmers’ income; developing recycle economy is conducive to elevating the international competitiveness of agricultural products. The thesis also has put forward the countermeasures of developing agricultural recycle economy in Zhangye City as follows: firstly, fostering the ambience of the development of agricultural recycle economy; secondly, forming the incentive mechanism of development of agricultural recycle economy; thirdly, broadening the investment channel of development of agricultural recycle economy; fourthly, perfecting socialized service system of agricultural recycle economy.
Major Problems and Countermeasures of Foreign Trade in China under the Background of Expanding Domestic Demand
Creators: name: Ruan, Wei-Tong
name: Li, Yu-Hong
name: Ruan, Wei-Tong
name: Li, Yu-Hong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Domestic demand
subject: Macro-environment
subject: Foreign trade
subject: Countermeasure analysis
subject: China

description: Starting from China's macro-economic policy level and combining with the status of foreign trade in China, major problems in the development of foreign trade are analyzed under the background of expanding domestic demand, which is guided by the macro-economy, international finance, international trade and other related disciplines. Problems are mainly the inflation, the reduction of import, the trade protection, the increase in export costs, the reduction of export, the scale shrinkage of foreign trade, the speculation of short-term hot money, and the increase in risk of economic fluctuation. Finally, corresponding countermeasures are put forward, such as actively coping with the appreciation of the RMB, effectively increasing the anti-risk ability of RMB, firmly maintaining the currency stability of RMB, reducing the international trade friction, transforming the growth model of foreign trade, promoting the industrial and products upgrading of foreign trade, enhancing the benefits of foreign trade, forming an effective price competition mechanism, increasing the support in trade, improving the environment for trade development, correctly dealing with the relationship between government and foreign trade enterprise, controlling inflation, and restricting hot money speculation.
Direito e Justiça, v. 8 n. 2 (1994)
Creators: name: Direito E Justiça
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 1994

description: Editorial...3-5 Constituição e processo civil...9-26 Da constitucionalidade do Tratado de Maastricht sobre a União Europeia...263-315 Sobre a desistência de queixa no crime de emissão de cheque sem provisão...319-324 Bufos, infiltrados, provocadores e arrependidos...27-34 A ação penal no direito brasileiro...35-44 Do dever de guarda do depositário e de outros detentores precários: âmbito e função, critério de apreciação da culpa e impossibilidade de restituição...45-76 A aplicação da lei penal no tempo segundo o direito português...77-117 Garantia bancária autónoma à primeira solicitação...119-210 Critérios de distinção entre a anulabilidade e a nulidade das deliberações sociais no Código das Sociedades Comerciais...211-259
Tables of separation performance of combined rotary separator.xls
Creators: name: Yuze Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 30307 Theory and Design of Materials
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 91501 Computational Fluid Dynamics
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies
subject: 91304 Dynamics, Vibration and Vibration Control
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 91504 Fluidisation and Fluid Mechanics
subject: 91003 Machine Tools
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91005 Manufacturing Management
subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: 91404 Mineral Processing/Beneficiation
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The influence of operating parameters (inlet gas velocity, rotor speed and rotor blade inclination) and particle size on pressure drop and total collection efficiency of the tail separator are tested by orthogonal test.
Proton and Li-Ion Permeation through Graphene with Eight-Atom-Ring Defects
Creators: name: Griffin, Eoin
name: Mogg, Lucas
name: Hao, Guang-Ping
name: Kalon, Gopinadhan
name: Bacaksiz, Cihan
name: Lopez-Polin, Guillermo
name: Zhou, T. Y.
name: Guarochico, Victor
name: Cai, Junhao
name: Neumann, Christof
name: Winter, Andreas
name: Mohn, Michael
name: Lee, Jong Hak
name: Lin, Junhao
name: Kaiser, Ute
name: Grigorieva, Irina V.
name: Suenaga, Kazu
name: Ozyilmaz, Barbaros
name: Cheng, Hui-Min
name: Ren, Wencai
name: Turchanin, Andrey
name: Peeters, Francois M.
name: Geim, Andre K.
name: Lozada-Hidalgo, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defect-free graphene is impermeable to gases and liquids but highly permeable to thermal protons. Atomic-scale defects such as vacancies, grain boundaries and Stone-Wales defects are predicted to enhance graphene's proton permeability and may even allow small ions through, whereas larger species such as gas molecules should remain blocked. These expectations have so far remained untested in experiment. Here we show that atomically thin carbon films with a high density of atomic-scale defects continue blocking all molecular transport, but their proton permeability becomes ~1,000 times higher than that of defect-free graphene. Lithium ions can also permeate through such disordered graphene. The enhanced proton and ion permeability is attributed to a high density of 8-carbon-atom rings. The latter pose approximately twice lower energy barriers for incoming protons compared to the 6-atom rings of graphene and a relatively low barrier of ~0.6 eV for Li ions. Our findings suggest that disordered graphene could be of interest as membranes and protective barriers in various Li-ion and hydrogen technologies.
Quaternionic and octonionic spinors
Creators: name: Toppan, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quaternionic and octonionic spinors are introduced and their fundamental properties (such as the space-times supporting them) are reviewed. The conditions for the existence of their associated Dirac equations are analyzed. Quaternionic and octonionic supersymmetric algebras defined in terms of such spinors are constructed. Specializing to the D=11-dimensional case, the relation of both the quaternionic and the octonionic supersymmetries with the ordinary M-algebra are discussed.
description: 15 pages. Talk given at the XIXth Max Born Symposium "Fundamental Interactions and Twistor-like Methods", Wroclaw, Sept. 2004. To appear in the Proceedings
FERRAMENTA BASEADA EM DEEP LEARNING E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL PARA O AUXÍLIO NO MONITORAMENTO E ALERTAS DE DESASTRES NATURAIS
Creators: name: Marins, Monique
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 90509 Water Resources Engineering
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 170203 Knowledge Representation and Machine Learning
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: FERRAMENTA BASEADA EM APRENDIZAGEM PROFUNDA E INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL PARA O AUXÍLIO NO MONITORAMENTO E ALERTAS DE DESASTRES NATURAIS
Direito e Justiça, v. 8 n. 1 (1994)
Creators: name: Direito E Justiça
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 1994

description: Editorial...3-43 A Constituição e os direitos de autor...47-56 Estudo sobre o direito real de habitação periódica (conclusão)...295-364 I Jornadas Luso-Brasileiras de Direito Penal e Processo Penal...367-370 A natureza do direito de indemnização cumulável com o direito de resolução dos arts. 801.° e 802.° do Código Civil...57-89 Colóquio — A Problemática Constitucional das Regiões Autónomas...371-373 Objecto do processo penal: a qualificação jurídica dos factos - comentário ao "Assento" n.°2/93, de 27/1/93...91-116 Relações entre os privados de liberdade e o mundo exterior...117-131 Controlo de concentrações na Comunidade Europeia...133-199 Subscrição indirecta e tomada firme...201-292
The effect of solar radiation on the surface checking of lodgepole pine
Creators: name: Urban, Kathrin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The weathering of wood is caused by a complex combination of chemical and mechanical effects. One of the first signs of weathering is the development of checks at wood surfaces. This study examined the effect of UV-B, UV-A, visible light and infrared light on the development of checks at the surface of lodgepole pine {Pinus contorta Dougl. ex Loud.) deck boards for three periods of twelve weeks, each starting in June 2004. Colour change and change in lignin content were analysed during exposure. A separate experiment examined the loss of weight and tensile strength of microveneers clamped together during exposure. SEM images provided information about structural changes. UV-B had the most significant effect on the quantity, total width, total length and total area of checks that developed at the surface of boards during exterior exposure. UV-B degraded lignin and there was a darkening and reddening of the exposed surface. Defibration of the cell structure at the microscopic level was also observed. UV-A and visible light degraded the surface to a lesser extent. Photodegradation was a surface phenomenon with UV-B only affecting the two upper layers of the veneer blocks (150 um). It can be concluded that selectively protecting wood from UV-B, UV-A and visible light using chemical means might result in less severe checking of lodgepole pine during weathering. Even the blockage of UV-B alone might lead to significantly improved behaviour of surfaces, when the natural look of decks is preferred.
Sign-changing solutions for the one-dimensional non-local sinh-Poisson equation
Creators: name: DelaTorre, Azahara
name: Mancini, Gabriele
name: Pistoia, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R11, 35J61, 35B44, 35B33

description: We study the existence of sign-changing solutions for a non-local version of the sinh-Poisson equation on a bounded one-dimensional interval $I$, under Dirichlet conditions in the exterior of $I$. This model is strictly related to the mathematical description of galvanic corrosion phenomena for simple electrochemical systems. By means of the finite-dimensional Lyapunov-Schmidt reduction method, we construct bubbling families of solutions developing an arbitrarily prescribed number sign-alternating peaks. With a careful analysis of the limit profile of the solutions, we also show that the number of nodal regions coincides with the number of blow-up points.
description: 37 pages
Direito e Justiça, v. 4 (1989)
Creators: name: Direito E Justiça
Publisher: name: Direito e Justiça
Year: 1989

description: Nota editorial...3-4 Para uma dogmática do direito penal secundário. Um contributo para a reforma do direito penal económico e social português...7-57 Para uma fundamentação da liberdade de ensino...59-92 O problema da culpa na obra de Franz Kafka (primeiro esboço de uma tentativa de interpretação)...93-107 Sentido e valor da análise do crime...109-144 Do levantamento da personalidade colectiva...147-161 Relações entre o direito internacional e o direito interno...163-179 Alguns aspectos do processo legislativo em matéria de infracções contra o ambiente...181-209 Algumas notas sobre as restrições contratuais à livre transmissão de acções...211-220 A zona económica exclusiva: um conceito do novo direito internacional do mar...221-236 Abuso de confiança, peculato, falsificação e furto de documentos, decaminho - problemas de autoria material e de autoria moral, de continuação criminosa, de precrição e de concurso...239-281
Two-dimensional Topological Semimetals Protected by Symmorphic Symmetries
Creators: name: Luo, Wei
name: Ji, Junyi
name: Lu, Jinlian
name: Zhang, Xiuwen
name: Xiang, Hongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) band crossing semimetals (BCSMs) could be used to build a range of novel nanoscale devices such as superlenses and transistors. We find that symmorphic symmetry can protect a new type of robust 2D BCSMs, unlike the previously proposed 2D essential BCSMs protected by non-symmorphic symmetry [Young et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 126803 (2015)]. This type of symmorphic symmetry protected (SSP) 2D essential BCSMs cannot be pair annihilated without destroying the crystalline symmetries, as opposed to the 2D BCSMs caused by the accidental band crossing. Through group theory analysis, we find that 2D SSP BCSMs can only exist at the K (K') point of Brillouin zone (BZ) of four layer groups and identify nonmagnetic 2D FeB2 as a candidate. Interestingly, nonmagnetic 2D SSP BCSMs can host a single pair of band crossing points (BCPs), whereas nonmagnetic three-dimensional (3D) Weyl semimetals (WSMs) have at least two pairs of band crossing Weyl points. It is found that the single pair of BCPs are robust against any kinds of strain. Furthermore, our calculation suggests that essential 2D SSP BCSMs can be used to realize electric field control of spin-texture, thus are promising candidates for spintronic devices.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, PRB, Accepted
Ranking and Clustering of the Economic Status of Rural Residents in 31 Provinces and Regions in China
Creators: name: Tang, Jun
name: Tang, Jun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Economic status of rural residents
subject: Principal component analysis
subject: Cluster analysis
subject: Economic development
subject: China

description: In order to rank and cluster the economic status of rural residents in 31 provinces, cities and autonomous regions, the MATLAB software is used and the component analysis and the cluster analysis are conducted on the data reflecting the economic status of each area. The results show that the provinces or cities with high comprehensive , scores are Shanghai Municipality, Beijing Municipality, Zhejiang Province, Jiangsu Province, Tianjin Municipality, Guangdong Province, Fujian Province, Shandong Province and Liaoning Province according to priority; the provinces or autonomous regions with low comprehensive scores are Gansu Province, Guizhou Province , Tibet, Uygur autonomous region and Yunnan Province. The economic status of rural residents in the 31 provinces and autonomous regions are partly parallel with the comprehensive economic development. The improvement of the economic status of rural residents is helpful for the overall economic elevation. Therefore, the government should coordinate the economic development of urban and rural areas, industry and agricultural, developed region and undeveloped region, and coastal areas and central and western areas to maximize the social welfare of the whole nation.
Application of Chebyshev Polynomial in Predicting the Grain Yield ——A Case of Grain Yield in Jilin Province
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong-Qin
name: Gao, Lai-Bin
name: Zhang, Hong-Qin
name: Gao, Lai-Bin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: The least square method
subject: Normal equation
subject: Chebyshev polynomial
subject: China

description: On the basis of introducing the fundamental principles of the least square methods, the Chebyshev polynomial data fitting method is given, by using this method, the grain yield of Jilin Province from 1952 to 2008 is analyzed. The results show that when analyzing the research data of agricultural economy, the least square method of the Chebyshev polynomials is a good choice; by establishing the prediction model of the least square method of Chebyshev polynomials, we get the results that the grain yield in Jilin Province from 2009 to 2015 is 2 9.004millon , 2 9.836 million, 3 0.681 million, 3 1.540 million , 3 2.412 million, 3 3.298million, 3 4.197 million ton ; the annual average growth rate of grain yield from 2009 to 2015 is 2.78% , lower than the annual growth rate of 7.12% from 2000 to 2008.
Estimating the outcomes of common envelope evolution in triple stellar systems
Creators: name: Comerford, T. A. F.
name: Izzard, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new model describing the evolution of triple stars which undergo common envelope evolution, using a combination of analytic and numerical techniques. The early stages of evolution are driven by dynamical friction with the envelope, which causes the outer triple orbit to shrink faster than the inner binary. In most cases, this leads to a chaotic dynamical interaction between the three stars, culminating in the ejection of one of the stars from the triple. This ejection and resulting recoil on the remnant binary are sufficient to eject all three stars from the envelope, which expands and dissipates after the stars have escaped. These results have implications for the properties of post-common envelope triples: they may only exist in cases where the envelope was ejected before the onset of dynamical instability, the likelihood of which depends on the initial binary separation and the envelope structure. In cases where the triple becomes dynamically unstable, the triple does not survive and the envelope dissipates without forming a planetary nebula.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Scalar Cosmology with Multi-exponential Potentials
Creators: name: Collinucci, Andres
name: Nielsen, Mikkel
name: Van Riet, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cosmologies with an arbitrary number of scalars and the most general multi-exponential potential. By formulating the equations of motion in terms of autonomous systems we complete the classification of power-law and de Sitter solutions as critical points, e.g. attractor and repeller solutions, in terms of the scalar couplings. Many of these solutions have been overlooked in the literature. We provide specific examples for double and triple exponential potentials with one and two scalars, where we find numerical solutions, which interpolate between the critical points. Some of these correspond to the reduction of new exotic S-brane solutions.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures. v2: references added. v3: discussion clarified, references added, figure deleted and typos corrected
Willingness of Peasant Households in Mountainous Areas towards Land Transfer ——A Case of Beiliang Village, Wuxiang County, Shanxi Province
Creators: name: Feng, Xu-Fang
name: Cheng, Qiao-Li
name: Liu, Jing-Shu
name: Feng, Xu-Fang
name: Cheng, Qiao-Li
name: Liu, Jing-Shu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Peasant households
subject: Land transfer
subject: willingness
subject: Shanxi Province ， China

description: In this paper, the Beiliang village, Wuxiang County ,of Shanxi Province is chosen as the study object. The methods investigation and interview are applied. And then the status quo of land transfer is analyzed from the aspects of private land transfer, the form of land transference, the land transfer fee, the contracts of the land transfer and farmers’ knowledge on land transfer law and so on. Through the investigation and research on peasant households’ willingness towards land transfer and the factors that affect the land transfer, the willingness of farmers’ land transfer in recent years are transferred. Farmers’ land transfer willingness in recent years is clear. On the strength of the analysis, the scientific basis for the reasonable transfer of land in mountainous areas is put forward for optimizing the land distribution and promoting the sustainable and healthy development of rural economy. The countermeasures aim at accelerating land transfer, increasing farmers’ income; stringing the development of rural education, increasing the support on three agricultural problems concerning agriculture, countryside and farmers, and standardizing the rural land transfer behaviors are put forwarded as well.