cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin- and charge-density waves in the Hartree-Fock ground state of the two-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Xu, Jie
name: Chang, Chia-Chen
name: Walter, Eric J.
name: Zhang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground states of the two-dimensional repulsive Hubbard model are studied within the unrestricted Hartree-Fock (UHF) theory. Magnetic and charge properties are determined by systematic, large-scale, exact numerical calculations, and quantified as a function of electron doping $h$. In the solution of the self-consistent UHF equations, multiple initial configurations and simulated annealing are used to facilitate convergence to the global minimum. New approaches are employed to minimize finite-size effects in order to reach the thermodynamic limit. At low to moderate interacting strengths and low doping, the UHF ground state is a linear spin-density wave (l-SDW), with antiferromagnetic order and a modulating wave. The wavelength of the modulating wave is $2/h$. Corresponding charge order exists but is substantially weaker than the spin order, hence holes are mobile. As the interaction is increased, the l-SDW states evolves into several different phases, with the holes eventually becoming localized. A simple pairing model is presented with analytic calculations for low interaction strength and small doping, to help understand the numerical results and provide a physical picture for the properties of the SDW ground state. By comparison with recent many-body calculations, it is shown that, for intermediate interactions, the UHF solution provides a good description of the magnetic correlations in the true ground state of the Hubbard model.
description: 13 pages, 17 figure, 0 tables
Is foreign direct investment a channel of knowledge spillovers? Evidence from Japan's FDI in the United States
Creators: name: Branstetter, Lee
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Commerce

description: Recent empirical work has examined the extent to which international trade fosters international "spillovers" of technological information. FDI is an alternate, potentially equally important channel for the mediation of such knowledge spillovers. I introduce a framework for measuring international knowledge spillovers at the firm level, and I use this framework to directly test the hypothesis that FDI is a channel of knowledge spillovers for Japanese multinationals undertaking direct investments in the United States. Using an original firm-level panel data set on Japanese firms' FDI and innovative activity, I find evidence that FDI increases the flow of knowledge spillovers both from and to the investing Japanese firms.
Nonstatic charged BTZ-like black holes in N+1 dimensions
Creators: name: Ghosh, Sushant G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find an exact nonstatic charged BTZ-like solutions, in ($N$+1)-dimensional Einstein gravity in the presence of negative cosmological constant and a nonlinear Maxwell field defined by a power $s$ of the Maxwell invariant, which describes the gravitational collapse of charged null fluid in an anti-de Sitter background. Considering the situation that a charged null fluid injects into the initially an anti-de Sitter spacetime, we show that a black hole form rather than a naked singularity, irrespective of spacetime dimensions, from gravitational collapse in accordance with cosmic censorship conjecture. The structure and locations of the apparent horizons of the black holes are also determined. It is interesting to see that, in the static limit and when N=2, one can retrieve 2+1 BTZ black hole solutions.
description: 6 RevTeX pages, no figures, minor changes
Visible hands: Auctions and institutional integration in the Tsukiji wholesale fish market, Tokyo
Creators: name: Bestor, Theodore C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: As an anthropologist specializing in Japanese studies, I am often struck by the uncharacteristic willingness of economists to consider cultural and social factors in their analyses of Japan. Probably the economic system of no society is subject to as much scrutiny, analysis, and sheer speculation regarding its 'special character' as is Japan's. Put another way, emphasis on the special qualities of the Japanese economy suggests a recognition -- implicit or explicit -- that cultural values and social patterns condition economic systems. It remains an open question whether this recognition reflects empirical reality (e.g., perhaps the Japanese economic system is less autonomous than those in other societies) or is an artifact of interpretative conventions (e.g., perhaps both Western and Japanese observers are willing -- if at times antagonistic - partners in ascribing radical 'otherness' to the Japanese economy and therefore are more likely to accord explanatory power to factors that might otherwise be considered exogenous.) Recognition, however, that Japanese economic behavior and institutions are intertwined with and embedded within systems of cultural values and social structural relationships does not imply unanimity of opinion about the significance of this fact.
Additional file 1 of Characterization of Auxenochlorella protothecoides acyltransferases and potential of their protein interactions to promote the enrichment of oleic acid
Creators: name: Liu, Kui
name: Li, Jinyu
name: Xing, Chao
name: Yuan, Hongli
name: Yang, Jinshui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Domain analysis of ApDGATs proteins. Fig. S2. Transmembrane domain analysis of ApDGATs by TMHMM (V2.0, http://www.cbs.dtu.dk/services/TMHMM/ ). Fig. S3. PCR analysis of different truncated mutants of ApDGAT1 and ApDGAT2b from transgenic lines of S. cerevisiae H1246. Fig. S4. Phylogenetic analysis and functional motif analysis of ApACBPs. (a) Analysis of the protein domains of ApACBPs. (b) Analysis of the conservative motifs of ApACBPs. (c) Phylogenetic analysis of ApACBPs. Fig. S5. PCR analysis of ApDGATs and ApACBP3 + ApDGAT1 genes from transgenic lines of C. reinhardtii. (a, b) Amplification of the 700 bp fragment of the ApDGAT1 and ApDGAT2a gene. M, DNA 2000 + marker. (c) Amplification of the ApDGAT2b gene from the transformants. M, DNA 2000 + marker. (d) Amplification of the 300 bp fragment of the ApACBP3 + ApDGAT1 gene. M, DNA 5000 + marker. + , positive control; -, wild-type C. reinhardtii; 1–10, putative transformants.
Game Theoretic Network Coding-aided MAC for Data Dissemination towards Energy Efficiency
Creators: name: Antonopoulos, Angelos
name: Verikoukis, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we propose game theoretic Medium Access Control (MAC) strategies for data dissemination scenarios. In particular, we use energy-based utility functions that inherently imply power-awareness, while we consider network coding techniques to eliminate the necessity of exchanging acknowledgement control packets. Simulation results show that our proposed strategies enhance the energy efficiency of the system and reduce the dissemination completion time compared to an optimized standard protocol.
description: accepted at IEEE CoCoNet (Cooperative and Cognitive Mobile Networks) Workshop 2012, co-located with IEEE ICC 2012 in Ottawa, Canada
An investigation of extravascular lung water during exercise in those individuals susceptible to immersion pulmonary edema or high altitude pulmonary edema
Creators: name: Carter, Eric Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Introduction: High altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is caused by hypoxic vasoconstriction, leading to increased pulmonary artery pressure (PPA). Increased PPA results in extravasation of fluid from the pulmonary capillaries to the interstitial space and inhibition of gas exchange. Immersion pulmonary edema (IPE) is likely the result of increased hydrostatic pressure due to water immersion combined with cold and physical exertion, further elevating PPA. During maximal exercise, some humans develop pulmonary edema independent of hypoxia or immersion; this is a possible cause of exercise-induced arterial hypoxemia (EIAH). Purpose: The purpose of this study was to 1) investigate the common mechanisms that are responsible for the development of HAPE, IPE, and EIAH; and 2) investigate the factors that determine an individual’s susceptibility to HAPE/IPE. Hypotheses: We hypothesize that 1) individuals susceptible to HAPE/IPE will develop increased extravascular lung water (EVLW) following exercise; and 2) these changes will not occur in HAPE/IPE-resistant controls. Methods: This study included 9 healthy fit participants who previously experienced HAPE or IPE. Participants performed a 45-minute maximal exercise task on a cycle ergometer. A matched control group of 9 participants with experience at altitude or immersion and no history of HAPE/IPE also performed the task. Diffusion capacity of CO (DLco) was measured before and after exercise. Computed tomography was used to confirm EVLW following exercise. Results: Both groups showed a significant reduction in lung density post-exercise (p=0.013). Participants susceptible to HAPE/IPE had a significantly lower density compared to resistant participants (p=0.037). DLco decreased significantly after exercise (p<0.001), without difference in the change between groups (p=0.77). Discussion: Because of the post-exercise increase in volume, the decrease in lung density should be considered to represent no change in EVLW. The decrease in DLco was consistent with results found in other studies. Lower lung density in HAPE/IPE-susceptible participants could be the result of damage caused by HAPE/IPE, increased vascular reactivity, or decreased lymphatics. Conclusion: Susceptibility to HAPE/IPE does not increase risk of developing EVLW during maximal exercise. Participants susceptible to HAPE/IPE displayed a significantly lower lung density that necessitates further research.
Fair Value Accounting in the Banking Industry
Creators: name: Nissim, Doron
name: Penman, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Managerial economics
Accounting

description: This paper studies the application of fair value accounting in bank holding companies in the United States with the purpose of evaluating the effects of expanding fair value accounting in the banking industry. The paper documents the current application of fair value accounting in the industry, showing what proportions of recognized assets and liabilities of bank holding companies are at or close to fair value on the balance sheet, have related unrealized gains and losses in income, or have fair values disclosed in the footnotes. In each case, it evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of the current treatment and makes an assessment of the magnitudes of economic assets and liabilities that currently are omitted from the balance sheet. Turning to the issue of the likely impact of expanded application of fair values, the paper asks how large are the actual and potential differences between fair values and book values of various assets and liabilities and how credit, interest rate and prepayment risks are likely to determine those differences. It considers the availability of market-based information for measuring fair value and evaluates the correlations between fair values of economic assets and liabilities due to natural hedges, asset-liability management, and changes in asset values affecting the risk and value of liabilities. It also addresses the issue of how a switch to fair value accounting would mitigate or, alternatively, facilitate earnings management activities. The primary conclusion of the analysis is that expanding fair value accounting is not likely to significantly improve the information in bank financial statements and, in some cases, may introduce distortions that reduce accounting quality. The analysis is pertinent to bank analysts and investors for it not only documents the impact of fair value accounting on banks but also informs about the drivers of value and risk on which accounting should report.
Additional file 2 of Characterization of Auxenochlorella protothecoides acyltransferases and potential of their protein interactions to promote the enrichment of oleic acid
Creators: name: Liu, Kui
name: Li, Jinyu
name: Xing, Chao
name: Yuan, Hongli
name: Yang, Jinshui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. QPCR primers used for quantitative analysis of the expression level of ApDGATs in A. protothecoides UTEX 2341. Table S2. Primers used for cloning of the full-length coding sequence of A. protothecoides ApDGATs and ApACBPs. Table S3. Proteins used for amino acid alignment of ApDGATs. Table S4. DGAT proteins used for the construction of the phylogenetic tree. Table S5. Primers used for cloning the truncated coding sequence of ApDGAT1 and ApDGAT2b. Table S6. Overview of putative DGATs and ACBPs cDNAs identified in the A. protothecoides genomic database. Table S8. Fusion expression primers of ApACBPs with ApDGAT1 and ApDGAT2b
Additional file 8 of Use of electronic health data to identify patients with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee and inadequate response to pain medications
Creators: name: Lu, Yi
name: Ganz, Michael L.
name: Robinson, Rebecca L.
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
name: Okala, Sandra
name: Hartrick, Craig T.
name: Johnston, Beth
name: Dorling, Patricia
name: Slim, May
name: Thakkar, Sheena
name: Berger, Ariel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 8. Jupyter Notebook for Executing the Trained Models from EMR Data.
Complex dynamics of elementary cellular automata emerging from chaotic rules
Creators: name: Martinez, Genaro J.
name: Adamatzky, Andrew
name: Alonso-Sanz, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show techniques of analyzing complex dynamics of cellular automata (CA) with chaotic behaviour. CA are well known computational substrates for studying emergent collective behaviour, complexity, randomness and interaction between order and chaotic systems. A number of attempts have been made to classify CA functions on their space-time dynamics and to predict behaviour of any given function. Examples include mechanical computation, λ and Z-parameters, mean field theory, differential equations and number conserving features. We aim to classify CA based on their behaviour when they act in a historical mode, i.e. as CA with memory. We demonstrate that cell-state transition rules enriched with memory quickly transform a chaotic system converging to a complex global behaviour from almost any initial condition. Thus just in few steps we can select chaotic rules without exhaustive computational experiments or recurring to additional parameters. We provide analysis of well-known chaotic functions in one-dimensional CA, and decompose dynamics of the automata using majority memory exploring glider dynamics and reactions.
Additional file 4 of Use of electronic health data to identify patients with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee and inadequate response to pain medications
Creators: name: Lu, Yi
name: Ganz, Michael L.
name: Robinson, Rebecca L.
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
name: Okala, Sandra
name: Hartrick, Craig T.
name: Johnston, Beth
name: Dorling, Patricia
name: Slim, May
name: Thakkar, Sheena
name: Berger, Ariel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 4. Final Predictive Features (Pickle File), Claims Data.
Fetal exposures to toxic releases and infant health
Creators: name: Currie, Janet M.
name: Schmieder, Johannes F.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Public health

description: Every year, millions of pounds of toxic chemicals thought to be linked to developmental problems in fetuses and young children are released into the air. In this paper we estimate the effect of these releases on the health of newborns. Using data from the Toxic Release Inventory Program and Vital Statistics Natality and Mortality files, we find significant negative effects of prenatal exposure to toxicants on gestation and birth weight. We also find that several developmental chemicals increase the probability of infant death. The effect is quite sizeable: the reported reductions in cadmium, toluene, and epichlorohydrin releases during the 90s could account for about 3.9 percent of the overall decrease in infant mortality. Our results are robust to several specification checks, such as comparing developmental to non-developmental chemicals, and fugitive air releases to stack air releases.
The Form of U.S. In-Kind Assistance
Creators: name: O'Flaherty, Brendan Andrew
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Economics
Child care--Government policy
Housing policy

description: Child care and housing programs in the U.S. are marked by quality homogeneity, restricted eligibility, rationing, and co-payments that increase as recipients' income rises. Why? I show that these program can best be explained as attempts to reduce the child care or housing "poverty gaps," subject to constraints that require that recipients be treated quite well. Such constraints are justified when the public is really not sure whether the government is acting generously.
Updated constraint on a primordial magnetic field during big bang nucleosynthesis and a formulation of field effects
Creators: name: Kawasaki, Masahiro
name: Kusakabe, Motohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new upper limit on the amplitude of primordial magnetic field (PMF) is derived by a comparison between a calculation of elemental abundances in big bang nucleosynthesis (BBN) model and the latest observational constraints on the abundances. Updated nuclear reaction rates are adopted in the calculation. Effects of PMF on the abundances are consistently taken into account in the numerical calculation with the precise formulation of changes in physical variables. We find that abundances of 3He and 6Li increase while that of 7Li decreases when the PMF amplitude increases, in the case of the baryon-to-photon ratio determined from the measurement of cosmic microwave background radiation. We derive a constraint on the present amplitude of PMF, i.e., B(0)<1.5 micro G [corresponding to the amplitude less than 2.0x10^{11} G at BBN temperature of T=10^9 K] based on the rigorous calculation.
description: 26 pages, 4 figures, new observation of D/H ratio adopted, tighter constraint derived, Sec. IV modified, accepted for publication in PRD
Molecular dynamics simulation for heat transport in thin diamond nanowires
Creators: name: Jiang, Jin-Wu
name: Wang, Bing-Shen
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phonon thermal conductivity in diamond nanowires (DNW) is studied by molecular dynamics simulation. It is found that the thermal conductivity in narrower DNW is lower and does not show obvious temperature dependence; a very small value (about 2.0 W/m/K) of thermal conductivity is observed in ultra-narrow DNW, which may be of potential applications in thermoelectric devices. These two phenomena are probably due to the dominant surface effect and phonon confinement effect in narrow DNW. Our simulation reveals a high anisotropy in the heat transport of DNW. Specifically, the thermal conductivity in DNW along [110] growth direction is about five times larger than that of [100] and [111] growth directions. The anisotropy is believed to root in the anisotropic group velocity for acoustic phonon modes in DNW along three different growth directions.
description: accepted by PRB
Keiretsu shareholding ties: Antitrust issues
Creators: name: Flath, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1992
Subjects: Economics
Commerce

description: Antitrust concern about keiretsu shareholding ties is misplaced and at odds with economic reasoning and with empirical investigation. Shareholding by suppliers in their customers assures the suppliers of rewards from their transaction-specific investments. Shareholding by customers in suppliers bonds the suppliers to cater more fully to the customers' interests. Shareholding by Japanese banks in the companies to which they lend resolves agency problems and lowers the costs of borrowing. Organization of firms into cross-shareholding groups magnifies the favorable effects of cross-shareholding by assuring that direct shareholding links give rise to indirect shareholding as well. To the extent that keiretsu shareholding ties impede U.S. exports to Japan it is because they lower the keiretsu members' transactions costs of trading with one another and not because they raise rivals' costs.
Additional file 5 of Use of electronic health data to identify patients with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee and inadequate response to pain medications
Creators: name: Lu, Yi
name: Ganz, Michael L.
name: Robinson, Rebecca L.
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
name: Okala, Sandra
name: Hartrick, Craig T.
name: Johnston, Beth
name: Dorling, Patricia
name: Slim, May
name: Thakkar, Sheena
name: Berger, Ariel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 5. Jupyter Notebook for Executing the Trained Models from Claims Data.
Causality in the relativistic bound-state problem
Creators: name: Pascalutsa, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the exact Bethe-Salpeter equation is certainly the appropriate field-theoretic framework to describe the non-perturbative problem of scattering and bound states, the inevitable truncations introduce inconsistencies such as loss of symmetries or incorrect one-body limit. I conjecture that these problem can be overcome if the truncation preserves the field-redefinition invariance of the exact equation. A sum rule for light-by-light scattering can provide a testing ground of this conjecture.
description: 4 pp, 2 figs; Contribution to the 5th Asia-Pacific Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (APFB11)
A limitation of the hydrostatic reconstruction technique for Shallow Water equations
Creators: name: Delestre, Olivier
name: Cordier, Stéphane
name: Darboux, Frédéric
name: James, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Because of their capability to preserve steady-states, well-balanced schemes for Shallow Water equations are becoming popular. Among them, the hydrostatic reconstruction proposed in Audusse et al. (2004), coupled with a positive numerical flux, allows to verify important mathematical and physical properties like the positivity of the water height and, thus, to avoid unstabilities when dealing with dry zones. In this note, we prove that this method exhibits an abnormal behavior for some combinations of slope, mesh size and water height.
description: 7 pages
Additional file 10 of Mucin-microbiome signatures shape the tumor microenvironment in gastric cancer
Creators: name: Oosterlinck, Baptiste
name: Ceuleers, Hannah
name: Arras, Wout
name: De Man, Joris G.
name: Geboes, Karen
name: De Schepper, Heiko
name: Peeters, Marc
name: Lebeer, Sarah
name: Skieceviciene, Jurgita
name: Hold, Georgina L.
name: Kupcinskas, Juozas
name: Link, Alexander
name: De Winter, Benedicte Y.
name: Smet, Annemieke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 10: Table S1. demographic information of the included patients. Table S2. overview of the used QuantiTect primers. Table S3. 90% confidence interval of the relative mucin mRNA expression levels of functional dyspepsia patients. Table S4. number of interactions within the bacterial communities of samples with different mucin phenotypes. Table S5. Analysis of interactions in bacterial communities associated with different mucin phenotypes. Table S6. Analysis of interactions in bacterial communities associated with different expression level of MUC13. Table S7. Differentially abundant metagenomic pathways.
Additional file 6 of Use of electronic health data to identify patients with moderate-to-severe osteoarthritis of the hip and/or knee and inadequate response to pain medications
Creators: name: Lu, Yi
name: Ganz, Michael L.
name: Robinson, Rebecca L.
name: Zagar, Anthony J.
name: Okala, Sandra
name: Hartrick, Craig T.
name: Johnston, Beth
name: Dorling, Patricia
name: Slim, May
name: Thakkar, Sheena
name: Berger, Ariel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 6. Final Trained ML Models (Pickle File), EMR Data.
Effect of socioeconomic status on mortality and care provision among critically ill adult patients
Creators: name: Hennessy, Deirdre Ann
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 176-192
description: Some pages are in colour.
description: Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) has been recognized as an important determinant of health outcomes and healthcare utilization across a variety of chronic and infectious diseases in Canada and internationally. However, the effect of SES on mortality and care provision among critically ill patients has been little investigated. Most importantly, no Canadian study has been completed to date to investigate the distribution and effects of SES in the critically ill. Broadly, the objectives of this study were to investigate whether differences exist in mortality and care provision by SES among adult critically ill patients in a Canadian health region. Methods: This was a population-based retrospective cohort study of patients admitted to intensive care (ICU) in the Calgary Health Region (CHR) between January 2002 and December 2006. The primary outcome measures were hospital and I-year mortality. Median household income, obtained from the 2001 Canadian census, was the primary exposure variable. Receipt of welfare or healthcare premium subsidy and Aboriginal status were the secondary exposure measures. The eventual study sample consisted of 6,822 critically ill CHR residents. ICU and hospital clinical data were linked with the primary exposure data using the Postal Code Conversion File, available from Statistics Canada through the Academic Data Centre at the University of Calgary. Clinical data were linked with secondary exposure data through the CHR population registry file. Descriptive and adjusted analyses of mortality, access to care and intensity of care was undertaken by median household income, welfare/subsidy receipt and Aboriginal status. Results: This study demonstrated a lack of association between SES and hospital mortality or mortality up to 1-year after critical illness. Further, low income, defined by receipt of welfare/subsidy, and Aboriginal status was not associated with increased mortality among critically ill patients. Importantly, these data also show that lower SES is associated with greater use of/access to critical care services; however no differences in intensity of care in ICU or hospital existed by SES. Discussion: The results of this study provide reassurance that hospital and 1-year outcomes after critical illness in the CHR do not differ by SES and highlight the increased need for critical care among individuals oflower SES. Further research is required to investigate whether longer-term outcomes are influenced by SES and to examine the exact nature of the relationship between SES and incidence of critical illness. These results have implications for ICU clinicians interested in optimizing long-term outcomes and for health policy makers interested in evidence-based resource allocation.
Full Geant4 and FLUKA Simulations of an e-LINAC for its Use in Particle Detectors Performance Tests
Creators: name: Alpat, B.
name: Pilicer, E.
name: Servoli, L.
name: Menichelli, M.
name: Tucceri, P.
name: Italiani, M.
name: Buono, E.
name: Di Capua, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present the results of full Geant4 and FLUKA simulations and comparison with dosimetry data of an electron LINAC of St. Maria Hospital located in Terni, Italy. The facility is being used primarily for radiotherapy and the goal of present study is the detailed investigation of electron beam parameters to evaluate the possibility to use the e-LINAC (during time slots when it is not used for radiotherapy) to test the performance of detector systems in particular those designed to operate in space. The critical beam parameters are electron energy, profile and flux available at the surface of device to be tested. The present work aims to extract these parameters from dosimetry calibration data available at the e-LINAC. The electron energy ranges is from 4 MeV to 20 MeV. The dose measurements have been performed by using an Advanced Markus Chamber which has a small sensitive volume.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
A Nordic Mirror: Why Structural Reform Has Proceeded Faster in Scandinavia Than in Japan
Creators: name: Katz, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Commerce

description: Like Japan, the countries of Scandinavia went through big macroeconomics crises brought on by structural flaws. The difference is that their recoveries came more quickly and have been far more robust. Once again, the Scandinavian economies are treated as models. We argue that three factors shed light on the difference between Japanese and Scandinavian performance: 1) Policies. We focus mainly on the strategy of "flexicurity" that provides society-wide security for workers, in return for which workers grant flexibility to business. Jobs are lost but income is sustained and a new job is found. This reduces pressure to sustain inefficient firms and industries. 2) Institutions. Centralized labor-management bargaining enhances equality, creative destruction, and responsibility. Both labor and management realize that wage hikes must be contained within the level commensurate with productivity growth and international competitiveness. Equality of wages across industries enhances market flexibility. Needed policy shifts are made easier by the fact that Scandinavia has moved from one-party dominance to contested elections. 3) Attitudes. Attitudes are born of long experience with both policies and institutions, and these attitudes, in turn, reinforce those policies and institutions. Trust is the key attitude. Workers trust they will get security if they give flexibility. Employers organized into a centralized federation treat adult training as a "public good" from which they will eventually benefit even if the particular worker that they train leaves after a few years. Voters accept harsh budget measures at a time of crisis because they trust it will be done fairly and is necessary to preserve the system.
Epipleoneura pallida Racenis 1960
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura pallida

description: Epipleoneura pallida Rácenis, 1960
(Fig. 19)
 Epipleoneura pallida Rácenis 1960: 32 –34, figs. 2a–b (new species, description of male, illustration of male S 10 in posterior and lateral view, type material at MIZA).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352, 355, fig. 2350 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view).
 Diagnosis. The cercus of this species (Fig. 19) is unique within the genus, shorter than S10 and lacking an innerbasal branch; the dorsal branch is slender and directed dorsally, with a small apical hook directed ventrally; the ventral branch is small, rounded, developed as a projection of cercus base. The epiproct (Fig. 19 b) is also unique, by its two short and thick branches with apex rounded and joining at base. Genital ligula not described. Female unknown.
 Distribution. Northern Venezuela, Guárico State (type locality La Peña, Guárico State, about 09º48’N, 67º28’W). Peru, Loreto, Iquitos (Garrison et al. 2010).
 Notes. During a brief visit to the MIZA collection in 2009, I examined the holotype of E. pallida in order to conduct a phylogenetic analysis. Unfortunately, I neither drew the specimen nor extracted its genital ligula, in order to prevent damaging the only known specimen.
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on page 226, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Evaluation of residence time distribution for bubble train flow in a square mini-channel by direct numerical simulation
Creators: name: Wörner, Martin
name: Ghidersa, Bradut
name: Onea, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2005

description: This paper presents an original method for evaluating the liquid phase residence time distribution in bubble train flow using data from direct numerical simulations. The method is a particle method and relies on the uniform introduction of virtual particles in the volume occupied by the liquid phase within a single flow unit cell. The residence time distribution for such a volumetric introduction is obtained by statistical evaluation of the time needed by any particle to travel an axial distance equivalent to the length of the flow unit cell. Residence time curves are evaluated from DNS data of bubble train flow in a square mini-channel for different length of the flow unit cell. The curves obtained can well be fitted by a simple exponential relationship. The latter has been developed on the basis of a compartment model which consists of two tanks in series, the first tank being a plug flow reactor and the second being a perfectly stirred vessel. It is argued that the model derived may also be a good representation for the real liquid phase residence time distribution in bubble train flow with flux introduction and measurement.
Teleportation of Nonclassical Wave Packets of light
Creators: name: Lee, Noriyuki
name: Benichi, Hugo
name: Takeno, Yuishi
name: Takeda, Shuntaro
name: Webb, James
name: Huntington, Elanor
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the experimental quantum teleportation of strongly nonclassical wave packets of light. To perform this full quantum operation while preserving and retrieving the fragile non-classicality of the input state, we have developed a broadband, zero-dispersion teleportation apparatus that works in conjunction with time-resolved state preparation equipment. Our approach brings within experimental reach a whole new set of hybrid protocols involving discrete- and continuous-variable techniques in quantum information processing for optical sciences.
A Lagrangian stochastic model for the transport in statistically homogeneous porous media
Creators: name: Kurbanmuradov, Orazgeldy
name: Sabelfeld, Karl K.
name: Smidts, Olivier F.
name: Vereecken, Henry
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Porous media
subject: Lognormal hydraulic conductivity
subject: Stochastic and turbulent flows
subject: stochastic Eulerian and Lagrangian models
subject: 65C05
subject: 76S05
subject: 47.55.Mh

description: A new type of stochastic simulation models is developed for solving transport problems in saturated porous media which is based on a generalized Langevin stochastic differential equation. A detailed derivation of the model is presented in the case when the hydraulic conductivity is assumed to be a random field with a lognormal distribution, being statistically isotropic in space. To construct a model consistent with this statistical information, we use the well-mixed condition which relates the structure of the Langevin equation and the probability density function of the Eulerian velocity field. Numerical simulations of various statistical characteristics like the mean displacement, the displacement covariance tensor and the Lagrangian correlation function are presented. These results are compared against the conventional random displacement method.
UV frequency metrology on CO (a3Pi); isotope effects and sensitivity to a variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio
Creators: name: de Nijs, Adrian J.
name: Salumbides, Edcel J.
name: Eikema, Kjeld S. E.
name: Ubachs, Wim
name: Bethlem, Hendrick L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: UV frequency metrology has been performed on the a3Pi - X1Sigma+ (0,0) band of various isotopologues of CO using a frequency-quadrupled injection-seeded narrow-band pulsed Titanium:Sapphire laser referenced to a frequency comb laser. The band origin is determined with an accuracy of 5 MHz (delta ν/ ν= 3 * 10^-9), while the energy differences between rotational levels in the a3Pi state are determined with an accuracy of 500 kHz. From these measurements, in combination with previously published radiofrequency and microwave data, a new set of molecular constants is obtained that describes the level structure of the a3Pi state of 12C16O and 13C16O with improved accuracy. Transitions in the different isotopologues are well reproduced by scaling the molecular constants of 12C16O via the common mass-scaling rules. Only the value of the band origin could not be scaled, indicative of a breakdown of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Our analysis confirms the extreme sensitivity of two-photon microwave transitions between nearly-degenerate rotational levels of different Omega-manifolds for probing a possible variation of the proton-to-electron mass ratio, μ=m_p/m_e, on a laboratory time scale.
Super-Brownian motion with extra birth at one point
Creators: name: Fleischmann, Klaus
name: Mueller, Carl
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Super-Brownian motion
subject: measure-valued processes
subject: heat equation
subject: singular potential
subject: one-point potential
subject: 60J80
subject: 60K35

description: A super-Brownian motion in two and three dimensions is constructed where "particles" give birth at a higher rate, if they approach the origin. Via a log-Laplace approach, the construction is based on Albeverio et al. (1995) who calculated the fundamental solutions of the heat equation with one-point potential in dimensions less than four.
Epipleoneura ocuene De Marmels 1989
Creators: name: Pessacq, Pablo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Protoneuridae
Epipleoneura
Epipleoneura ocuene

description: Epipleoneura ocuene De Marmels, 1989
(Figs. 8, 48)
 Epipleoneura ocuene De Marmels, 1989: 20 –21, 62, figs. 54–58 (new species, description of male, illustration of male S 10 in lateral and posterior view, genital ligula in ectal and lateral view, synthorax in lateral view, type material at MIZA).  Garrison et al. 2010 : 352, 355, fig. 2349 (included in list of species, illustrations of epiproct in posterior view).
 Diagnosis. The cercus (Fig. 8) of this species is similar to that described for E. capilliformis and several other species, but some details are different and unique for this species: the dorsal branch is directed dorsally, there is no inner-basal branch or tooth, and the ventral branch is unusually small. The epiproct (Fig. 8 b) is bifurcated, the two short branches separated at their bases, parallel (original description) or slightly convergent (Garrison et al. 2010). Segment 3 of genital ligula (Fig. 48) is slightly narrowed medially, with sides slightly elevated and apex with a shallow, wide cleft and with lateral corners acute, directed laterally; postero-lateral projections are directed lateroposteriorly, each with a conspicuous peduncle and apex semi-triangular, and with a small and narrow semitriangular lobe basal to postero-lateral projection. The male of E. ocuene shares with E. pereirai Machado, 1964, the apex of the genital ligula with an acute lobe on each side pointing laterally but can be clearly separated from it and remaining species by the cercus dorsal branch directed dorsally, the absence of inner-basal structure, and the epiproct configuration. Female unknown.
 Distribution. Southern Venezuela, Amazonas State (type locality, Amazonas State, departamento Río Negro, Canal Ocuene, Río Baría, about 1º20’N, 66º28’W).
description: Published as part of Pessacq, Pablo, 2014, Synopsis of Epipleoneura (Zygoptera, Coenagrionidae, " Protoneuridae "), with emphasis on its Brazilian species, pp. 201-234 in Zootaxa 3872 (3) on page 225, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3872.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/230974
Lepton-flavor violating decays of neutral Higgs to muon and tauon in supersymmetric economical 3-3-1 model
Creators: name: Giang, P. T.
name: Hue, L. T.
name: Huong, D. T.
name: Long, H. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate Lepton-Flavor Violating (LFV) decays of Higgs to muon-tau in the supersymmetric economical 3-3-1 (SUSYE331) model. In the presence of flavor mixing in sleptons {mu,tau} and large values of v/v', the ratio of Br(H -->tau^+mu^-)/Br(H -->tau^+tau^-) can reach to non-negligible values O(10^{-3}), as in many known SUSY models. We predict that for the Standard Model Higgs boson, the LHC may detect its decay to muon and tauon. We also investigate the asymmetry between left and right LFV values of corrections and prove that the LFV effects are dominated by the left FLV term, which is O(10^3) times larger than the right LFV term in the limit of small values of |μ_ρ|/m_SUSY. The contributions of Higgs-mediated effects to the decay tau --> mu mu mu are also discussed.
description: Journal version
Level repulsion and evanescent waves in sonic crystals
Creators: name: Romero-García, V.
name: Vasseur, J. O.
name: Hladky-Hennion, A. C.
name: Garcia-Raffi, L. M.
name: Sánchez-Pérez, J. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work theoretically and experimentally reports the evanescent connections between propagating bands in periodic acoustic materials. The complex band structures obtained by solving for the $k(ω)$ problem reveal a complete interpretation of the propagation properties of these systems. The prediction of evanescent modes, non predicted by classical $ω(\vec{k})$ methods, is of interest for the understanding of these propagation properties. Complex band structures provide an interpretation of the evanescent coupling and the level repulsion states showing the possibility to control of evanescent waves in periodic materials.
Reflections on hyperbolic space
Creators: name: Haensch, Anna
Publisher: name: Mathematisches Forschungsinstitut Oberwolfach
Year: 2021

description: In school, we learn that the interior angles of any triangle sum up to pi. However, there exist spaces different from the usual Euclidean space in which this is not true. One of these spaces is the ''hyperbolic space'', which has another geometry than the classical Euclidean geometry. In this snapshot, we consider the geometry of hyperbolic polytopes, for example polygons, how they tile hyperbolic space, and how reflections along the faces of polytopes give rise to important mathematical structures. The classification of these structures is an open area of research.
description: Snapshots of modern mathematics from Oberwolfach;2021-07
An Elementary Quantum Network of Single Atoms in Optical Cavities
Creators: name: Ritter, Stephan
name: Nölleke, Christian
name: Hahn, Carolin
name: Reiserer, Andreas
name: Neuzner, Andreas
name: Uphoff, Manuel
name: Mücke, Martin
name: Figueroa, Eden
name: Bochmann, Jörg
name: Rempe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum networks are distributed quantum many-body systems with tailored topology and controlled information exchange. They are the backbone of distributed quantum computing architectures and quantum communication. Here we present a prototype of such a quantum network based on single atoms embedded in optical cavities. We show that atom-cavity systems form universal nodes capable of sending, receiving, storing and releasing photonic quantum information. Quantum connectivity between nodes is achieved in the conceptually most fundamental way: by the coherent exchange of a single photon. We demonstrate the faithful transfer of an atomic quantum state and the creation of entanglement between two identical nodes in independent laboratories. The created nonlocal state is manipulated by local qubit rotation. This efficient cavity-based approach to quantum networking is particularly promising as it offers a clear perspective for scalability, thus paving the way towards large-scale quantum networks and their applications.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures