cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
New Solutions of the Inflationary Flow Equations
Creators: name: Spalinski, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inflationary flow equations are a frequently used method of surveying the space of inflationary models. In these applications the infinite hierarchy of differential equations is truncated in a way which has been shown to be equivalent to restricting the set of models considered to those characterized by polynomial inflaton potentials. This paper explores a different method of solving the flow equations, which does not truncate the hierarchy and in consequence covers a much wider class of models while retaining the practical usability of the standard approach.
description: References added, and a couple of comments
Constraints on the star formation histories of galaxies from z~1 to z~0
Creators: name: Chen, Yan-Mei
name: Wild, Vivienne
name: Kauffmann, Guinevere
name: Blaizot, Jeremy
name: Davis, Marc
name: Noeske, Kai
name: Wang, Jian-Min
name: Willmer, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to estimate the average star formation rate per unit stellar mass (SSFR) of a stacked population of galaxies. We combine the spectra of 600-1000 galaxies with similar stellar masses and parameterise the star formation history of this stacked population using a set of exponentially declining functions. The strength of the Hydrogen Balmer absorption line series in the rest-frame wavelength range 3750-4150Åis used to constrain the SSFR by comparing with a library of models generated using the BC03 stellar population code. Our method, based on a principal component analysis (PCA), can be applied in a consistent way to spectra drawn from local galaxy surveys and from surveys at $z \sim 1$, and is only weakly influenced by attenuation due to dust. We apply our method to galaxy samples drawn from SDSS and DEEP2 to study mass-dependent growth of galaxies from $z \sim 1$ to $z \sim 0$. We find that, (1) high mass galaxies have lower SSFRs than low mass galaxies; (2) the average SSFR has decreased from $z=1$ to $z=0$ by a factor of $\sim 3-4$, independent of galaxy mass. Additionally, at $z \sim 1$ our average SSFRs are a factor of $2-2.5$ lower than those derived from multi-wavelength photometry using similar datasets. We then compute the average time (in units of the Hubble time, $t_{\rm H}(z)$) needed by galaxies of a given mass to form their stars at their current rate. At both $z=0$ and at $z=1$, this timescale decreases strongly with stellar mass from values close to unity for galaxies with masses $\sim 10^{10} M_{\odot}$, to more than ten for galaxies more massive than $ 10^{11} M_{\odot}$. Our results are in good agreement with models in which AGN feedback is more efficient at preventing gas from cooling and forming stars in high mass galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, accepted by MNRAS
ВЛИЯНИЕ СКАНДИНАВСКОГО ПРАВОВОГО РЕАЛИЗМА НА ИДЕЮ ПРАВ ЧЕЛОВЕКА В ШВЕЦИИ
Creators: name: ТОНКОВ Дмитрий Евгеньевич
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2020
Subjects: скандинавский правовой реализм
права человека
государство всеобщего благосостояния
нордический парадокс прав человека
Уппсальская школа
Социал-демократическая рабочая партия Швеции
естественное право

description: Историко-правовые исследования показывают, что во внутренней политике Скандинавии, вопреки распространенному мнению, права человека традиционно оценивают довольно скептически. Особая роль в этом отводится скандинавскому правовому реализму, берущему начало в Уппсальской школе философии и образовавшему тесную связь с Социал-демократической рабочей партией Швеции. Но идеи скандинавского правового реализма не были статичны на протяжении десятилетий. Под воздействием внешних условий поиск собственной шведской идентичности в конечном счете уступил объединительным европейским тенденциям. Скандинавский правовой реализм вносит важный вклад в реконструкцию социо-психологического понимания прав человека.
Singular Sources of Energy in Stars and Planets
Creators: name: Zhilyaev, B. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If primordial low-mass black holes (PBH) exist in the Universe than many of stars and planetary bodies appear to be infected by them. This is also true in regard to the Sun and likely Jupiter and Saturn. The availability of even the very low-mass inner relativistic reactor may lead to essential changes in evolution scenario of a celestial body on its lifetime scale. Black holes in stellar interior may be found either in consequence of captures process or incorporation during the formation of a star from interstellar clouds. Surprisingly that in the equilibrium state a PBH growth is a long-lived process with e-folding rise time of billion years. One can envision a PBH orbiting inside the Sun. Our considerations showed that the PBH experiences very little friction in passing through the stellar matter. If the BH mass is above 10^{-5}M_{sun} the major contribution to the luminosity comes from the relativistic gravitational reactor. In such a case a star evolves towards the Eddington limit. This should lead to considerable expansion of a star and a global stability loss. Microscopic PBHs can exist in the interior of planetary bodies too. To produce the required excess of thermal energy on Jupiter and Saturn the masses of PBH captured are assumed to be reached of 4 10^{19} and 7 10^{18} g, respectively. These microscopic objects are comparable to the hydrogen atom in size. One can envision even a planet with the PBH acting as the self-sufficient source of heating. Such a planet does not need a sun to maintain animal life on its surface. This may last eons.
description: 7 pages
Consequences of anisotropy in electrical charge storage: application to the characterization by the mirror method of TiO2 rutile
Creators: name: Damamme, Gilles
name: Guerret-Piecourt, Christelle
name: Temga, Temga
name: Juvé, D.
name: Tréheux, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is devoted first to anisotropic distributions of stored electric charges in isotropic materials, second to charge trapping and induced electrostatic potential in anisotropic dielectrics. On the one hand, we examine the case of anisotropic trapped charge distributions in linear homogeneous isotropic (LHI) insulators, obtained after an electron irradiation in a scanning electron microscope. This injection leads to the formation of a mirror image.
Additional file 4 of Is there a health inequality in gambling related harms? A systematic review
Creators: name: Raybould, Jodie N.
name: Larkin, Michael
name: Tunney, Richard J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Table of Extracted Data. Full table of data extracted from included studies as a PDF
Computationally Distributed and Asynchronous Operational Optimization of Droop-Controlled Networked Microgrids
Creators: Nima Nikmehr
Mikhail A. Bragin
Peng Zhang
and Peter B. Luh
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

This article develops a paradigm for discrete droop control to improve microgrids' controllability in managing voltage and frequency fluctuations.
Networked microgrids (MGs) with inverter-based and droop-controlled distributed energy resources (DERs) require operational optimization with guaranteed stability performance to ensure the stable energy supply with minimum cost, yet it remains an open challenge. Additionally, the discrete nature of MGs leads to convergence issues to existing optimization methods thereby leading to difficulties obtaining feasible solutions for large-scale networks. This article develops a paradigm for discrete droop control to improve microgrids' controllability in managing voltage and frequency fluctuations. With the emergence of Internet of Things, the computational tasks are distributed among local resources. The utilized Distributed and Asynchronous Surrogate Lagrangian Relaxation (DA-SLR) method distributes the optimization tasks among the MGs and efficiently coordinates the distributed subsystems. A small-signal model of the operational optimization is then developed to verify the system's stability. Numerous case studies have proven the DA-SLR's efficacy in comparison to various variations of the alternating direction of multipliers method (ADMM).
Inert states of spin-S systems
Creators: name: Mäkelä, H.
name: Suominen, K. -A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple but efficient geometrical method for determining the inert states of spin-S systems. It can be used if the system is described by a spin vector of a spin-S particle and its energy is invariant in spin rotations and phase changes. Our method is applicable to an arbitrary S and it is based on the representation of a pure spin state of a spin-S particle in terms of 2S points on the surface of a sphere. We use this method to find candidates for some of the ground states of spinor Bose-Einstein condensates.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, minor changes, references added, typos corrected
Slides for: Splines and Imaging: From Compressed Sensing to Neural Nets
Creators: Dr. Michael Unser
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

Slides for: SPS BISP TC Webinar, July 5, 2022, Dr. Michael Unser
The intent of this webinar is to demonstrate the optimality of splines for the resolution of inverse problems in imaging and the design of deep neural networks. To that end, I first present a representer theorem that states that the extremal points of a broad class of linear inverse problems with a generalized total-variation constraint are adaptive splines whose type is linked to the underlying regularization operator. When the latter is the second-order derivative operator, then the optimal reconstruction is an adaptive piecewise-linear spline with the smallest possible number of breakpoints. These splines are intrinsically sparse, and hence compatible with the kind of formulation (and algorithms) used in compressed sensing. I then show that these results are relevant to the investigation of neural networks as well. In particular, they yield a functional interpretation of shallow, infinite-width ReLU neural nets. Sparse adaptive splines also turn out to be ideally suited for the specification of deep neural networks with free-form activations.
Dark energy with oscillatory tracking potential: Observational Constraints and Perturbative effects
Creators: name: Joseph, Albin
name: Saha, Rajib
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological models exhibiting tracker properties have great significance in the context of dark energy as they can reach the present value of dark energy density from a wide range of initial conditions, thereby alleviating both the fine-tuning and the cosmic coincidence problem. The $α$-attractors, which are originally discussed in the context of inflation, can exhibit the properties of dark energy as they can behave like cosmological trackers at early times and show the late time behaviour of a cosmological constant. In the present paper, we study the Oscillatory Tracker Model (OTM), which belongs to the family of $α$-attractor dark energy models. Using the current observational data sets like Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB), Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) and type 1a supernova data (Pantheon compilation), we constrain the parameters of the model and estimate both the mean and best-fit values. Although the oscillatory tracker model contains a larger set of parameters than the usual LCDM model, the common set of parameters of both agree within $1\, σ$ error limits. Our observations using both high redshift and low redshift data supports Hubble parameter value $H_0 = 67.4$ Kms$^{-1}$Mpc$^{-1}$. We study the effect of the OTM on the CMB temperature and polarization power spectra, matter power spectrum and $f σ_8$. Our analysis of the CMB power spectrum and matter power spectrum suggests that the oscillatory tracker dark energy model has noticeable differences from usual LCDM predictions. Yet, in most cases, the agreement is very close.
Decision Support with Belief Functions Theory for Seabed Characterization
Creators: name: Martin, Arnaud
name: Quidu, Isabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4; I.5

description: The seabed characterization from sonar images is a very hard task because of the produced data and the unknown environment, even for an human expert. In this work we propose an original approach in order to combine binary classifiers arising from different kinds of strategies such as one-versus-one or one-versus-rest, usually used in the SVM-classification. The decision functions coming from these binary classifiers are interpreted in terms of belief functions in order to combine these functions with one of the numerous operators of the belief functions theory. Moreover, this interpretation of the decision function allows us to propose a process of decisions by taking into account the rejected observations too far removed from the learning data, and the imprecise decisions given in unions of classes. This new approach is illustrated and evaluated with a SVM in order to classify the different kinds of sediment on image sonar.
Additional file 1 of Non-invasive transdermal delivery of chemotherapeutic molecules in vivo using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles
Creators: name: Vanisri Raviraj
name: Pham, Binh T. T.
name: Kim, Byung J.
name: Nguyen T. H. Pham
name: Kok, Lai F.
name: Painter, Nicole
name: Delic, Naomi C.
name: Jones, Stephen K.
name: Hawkett, Brian S.
name: Lyons, J. Guy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figures.
Three-Phase Unfolding Based Quasi-Single Stage AC-DC Converter Topologies for Battery Charging Application-Slides
Creators: Dorai Yelaverthi
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

TEC Webinar Slides
Abstract: This webinar presents an innovative quasi-single stage AC-DC power conversion approach for high-power electrical-vehicle battery charging applications. The objective is to work towards reducing the cost and volume of power converters required for EV charging systems. The proposed topology fundamentally can achieve higher efficiency and power density than the conventional two-stage based converters. The front-end rectifier stage is line-frequency (50-60 Hz) switched topology allowing the use of high-power silicon IGBTs. The isolation stage can be realized by high-frequency (greater than 100 kHz) soft-switching DC-DC topologies based on Wide-bandgap devices. The two stages have coordinated control achieving active power-factor correction eliminating the need for line-frequency filters. Hence, this allows for a cost-effective, efficient, and power-dense solution.

During the webinar, a brief literature review of state-of-the-art AC to DC converter topologies will be presented. The idea of the Three-phase Unfolding approach will be introduced, followed by the quantitative benefits of this approach. Two novel converter topologies that implement the Unfolding approach will be discussed in detail.  Switching modulation schemes and closed-loop control implementation will be discussed for both the topologies.

Two use case scenarios will be highlighted where these Unfolding AC-DC topologies are used. First, is a 350-kW battery charger for an electric bus. The second is a 560-kW medium-voltage 4.16 kV AC to 800 V DC front-end PFC converter for a wireless charger for electric trucks. Experimental prototypes of the power converter building blocks for each of the above two applications will be presented
Additional file 1 of Barriers and facilitators for shared decision making in older patients with multiple chronic conditions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Pel-Littel, Ruth E.
name: Snaterse, Marjolein
name: Teppich, Nelly Marela
name: Buurman, Bianca M.
name: Faridi S. Van Etten-Jamaludin
name: Weert, Julia C. M. Van
name: Minkman, Mirella M.
name: Reimer, Wilma J. M. Scholte Op
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table S1. Medline via Ovid search strategy
Additional file 2 of Barriers and facilitators for shared decision making in older patients with multiple chronic conditions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Pel-Littel, Ruth E.
name: Snaterse, Marjolein
name: Teppich, Nelly Marela
name: Buurman, Bianca M.
name: Faridi S. Van Etten-Jamaludin
name: Weert, Julia C. M. Van
name: Minkman, Mirella M.
name: Reimer, Wilma J. M. Scholte Op
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table S2. Taxonomy of barriers and facilitators
Non-minimally coupled multi-scalar black holes
Creators: name: Leith, Ben M.
name: Nielsen, Alex B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the static, spherically symmetric black hole solutions for a non-minimally coupled multi-scalar theory. We find numerical solutions for values of the scalar fields when a certain constraint on the maximal charge is satisfied. Beyond this constraint no black hole solutions exist. This constraint therefore corresponds to extremal solutions, however, this does not match the κ= 0 constraint which typically indicates extremal solutions in other models. This implies that the set of extremal solutions have non-zero, finite and varying surface gravity. These solutions also violate the no-hair theorems for N>1 scalar fields and have previously been proven to be linearly stable.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Entanglement and quantum phase transition in alternating XY spin chain with next-nearest neighbour interactions
Creators: name: Shan, C. J.
name: Cheng, W. W.
name: Liu, T. K.
name: Huang, Y. X.
name: Li, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the method of density-matrix renormalization-group to solve the different spin-spin correlation functions, the nearest-neighbouring entanglement(NNE) and next-nearest-neighbouring entanglement(NNNE) of one-dimensional alternating Heisenberg XY spin chain is investigated in the presence of alternating nearest neighbour interactions of exchange couplings, external magnetic fields and next-nearest neighbouring interactions. For dimerized ferromagnetic spin chain, NNNE appears only above the critical dimerized interaction, meanwhile, the dimerized interaction effects quantum phase transition point and improves NNNE to a large value. We also study the effect of ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic next-nearest neighboring (NNN) interactions on the dynamics of NNE and NNNE. The ferromagnetic NNN interaction increases and shrinks NNE below and above critical frustrated interaction respectively, while the antiferromagnetic NNN interaction always decreases NNE. The antiferromagnetic NNN interaction results to a larger value of NNNE in comparison to the case when the NNN interaction is ferromagnetic.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures,. accepted by Chinese Physics B 2008 11 (in press)
On a transitional regime of electron resonant interaction with whistler-mode waves in inhomogeneous space plasma
Creators: name: Artemyev, A. V.
name: Neishtadt, A. I.
name: Vasiliev, A. A.
name: Mourenas, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resonances with electromagnetic whistler-mode waves are the primary driver for the formation and dynamics of energetic electron fluxes in various space plasma systems, including shock waves and planetary radiation belts. The basic and most elaborated theoretical framework for the description of the integral effect of multiple resonant interactions is the quasi-linear theory, that operates through electron diffusion in velocity space. The quasi-linear diffusion rate scales linearly with the wave intensity, D(QL) is proportional to Bw2, which should be small enough to satisfy the applicability criteria of this theory. Spacecraft measurements, however, often detect whistle-mode waves sufficiently intense to resonate with electrons nonlinearly. Such nonlinear resonant interactions imply effects of phase trapping and phase bunching, which may quickly change the electron fluxes in a non-diffusive manner. Both regimes of electron resonant interactions (diffusive and nonlinear) are well studied, but there is no theory quantifying the transition between these two regimes. In this paper we describe the integral effect of nonlinear electron interactions with whistler-mode waves in terms of the time-scale of electron distribution relaxation, is about inverse D(NL). We determine the scaling of D(NL) with wave intensity Bw2 and other main wave characteristics, such as wave-packet size. The comparison of D(QL) and D(NL) provides the range of wave intensity and wave-packet sizes where the electron distribution evolves at the same rates for the diffusive and nonlinear resonant regimes. The obtained results are discussed in the context of energetic electron dynamics in the Earth's radiation belt.
Comparison of treatment modes in the management of myofascial pain dysfunction syndrome
Creators: name: Foreman, Michael Ernest
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Reviews of treatment studies dealing with TMJ syndromes and myofascial pain dysfunction (MPD) typically point out the lack of controlled comparative research. The purpose of this study was to provide such research, comparing three treatment modes for the management of MPD: dental splints and physiotherapy; relaxation training, biofeedback, and stress management; and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation. Also of interest was the analysis of variables which may be related to treatment outcome. Twenty-one females ranging in age from 19 to 45 years (M=27.2; SD = 7.1), assessed as meeting specific criteria for MPD and consenting to participate in a research project on treatment issues, were randomly assigned, over blocks of 3, to one of the three treatment conditions. Pre-treatment assessment included dental assessment of pain and jaw mobility, self-report measures of pain, EMG assessment of masseter muscle activity under baseline and task conditions, and psychometric questionnaires. The pre-treatment assessment was replicated post-treatment, and daily symptoms self-monitoring over the course of treatment was also included for treatment evaluation. The groups formed were assessed and found equivalent with respect to age, duration of pain history, measure of mouth opening, baseline masseter EMG, adjectival pain rating index, and expectations for treatment success.by multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA). The treatment programs were balanced with respect to total duration (8 weekly sessions) and at-home programs. Post-treatment follow-up was limited to 3 months, and assessment was limited to whether or not further treatment was sought within that time. Analyses by 2-way MANOVA across groups pre- to post-treatment revealed no differences between groups with respect to dental assessment of pain remission or increased jaw mobility, or reduction of EMG activity, but overall effects pre- to post-treatment were significant for these variables (dental assessment: approx. F(3,16) =9.22, p_ = .0009; EMG assessment: approx. F(4,15) =10.38, p=.0003). Self-report measures were significant overall pre- to post-treatment (approx F(4,15) =3.27, p = .036) and indicated group differences (approx. F(10,28) =2.47, p_=. 029), suggesting superiority of the relaxation/stress group in the reduction of daily self-monitored pain ratings and the incidence of reported pain. From the overall pattern;of results, however, it was concluded that the principal response to treatment derived from "non-specific effects" — the provision of an explanation for the problem and treatment ostensibly specifically oriented to symptom relief. Diagnostic and assessment issues, and psychometric interests with this chronic pain population are also discussed.
Density perturbations in decaying holographic dark energy models
Creators: name: Kim, Kyoung Yee
name: Lee, Hyung Won
name: Myung, Yun Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study cosmological perturbations in the context of an interacting dark energy model, where the holographic dark energy with IR cutoff decays into the cold dark matter (CDM). For this purpose, we introduce three IR cutoffs of Hubble horizon, particle horizon, and future event horizon. Here we present small perturbations under the case that effective equation of state (EOS: $ω^{\rm eff}$) for the holographic energy density is determined to be the same negative constant as that for the CDM. Such new matter productions tend to dilute the density perturbations of CDM (matter contrast). For a decelerating universe of $ω^{\rm eff}>-1/3$, the matter contrast is growing as the universe evolves, while for an accelerating universe of $ω^{\rm eff}
description: 11pages, 5 figures
The quantum critical point in CeRhIn_5: a resistivity study
Creators: name: Knebel, Georg
name: Aoki, Dai
name: Brison, Jean-Pascal
name: Flouquet, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pressure--temperature phase diagram of CeRhIn_5 has been studied under high magnetic field by resistivity measurements. Clear signatures of a quantum critical point has been found at a critical pressure of p_c = 2.5 GPa. The field induced magnetic state in the superconducting state is stable up to the highest field. At p_c the antiferromagnetic ground-state under high magnetic field collapses very rapidly. Clear signatures of p_c are the strong enhancement of the resistivity in the normal state and of the inelastic scattering term. No clear T2 temperature dependence could be found for pressures above T_c. From the analysis of the upper critical field within a strong coupling model we present the pressure dependence of the coupling parameter lambda and the gyromagnetic ratio g. No signatures of a spatially modulated order parameter could be evidenced. A detailed comparison with the magnetic field--temperature phase diagram of CeCoIn_5 is given. The comparison between CeRhIn_5 and CeCoIn_5 points out the importance to take into account the field dependence of the effective mass in the calculation of the superconducting upper critical field H_c2. It suggests also that when the magnetic critical field H_(0) becomes lower than H_c2 (0)$, the persistence of a superconducting pseudo-gap may stick the antiferromagnetism to H_c2 (0).
description: 15 pages, 20 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Adaptive homodyne phase discrimination and qubit measurement
Creators: name: Sarovar, Mohan
name: Whaley, K. Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast and accurate measurement is a highly desirable, if not vital, feature of quantum computing architectures. In this work we investigate the usefulness of adaptive measurements in improving the speed and accuracy of qubit measurement. We examine a particular class of quantum computing architectures, ones based on qubits coupled to well controlled harmonic oscillator modes (reminiscent of cavity-QED), where adaptive schemes for measurement are particularly appropriate. In such architectures, qubit measurement is equivalent to phase discrimination for a mode of the electromagnetic field, and we examine adaptive techniques for doing this. In the final section we present a concrete example of applying adaptive measurement to the particularly well-developed circuit-QED architecture.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. Published version
Electroweak Contributions to Squark Pair Production at the LHC
Creators: name: Bornhauser, Sascha
name: Drees, Manuel
name: Dreiner, Herbi K.
name: Kim, Jong Soo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute electroweak contributions to the production of squark pairs at hadron colliders. These include the exchange of electroweak gauge bosons in the s-channel as well as electroweak gaugino exchange in the t- and/or u-channel. In many cases these can interfere with the dominant QCD contributions. As a result, we find sizable contributions to the production of two SU(2) doublet squarks. At the LHC, they amount to 10 to 20% for typical mSUGRA (or CMSSM) scenarios, but in more general scenarios they can vary between -40 and +55%, depending on size and sign of the SU(2) gaugino mass. The electroweak contribution to the total squark pair production rate at the LHC is about 3.5 times smaller.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures
Macrothrix undefined-1
Creators: name: Gusakov, Vladimir A.
name: Dien, Tran Duc
name: Tran, Hoan Quoc
name: Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai
name: Huan, Phan Trong
name: Ha, Vo Thi
name: Dinh, Cu Nguyen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Branchiopoda
Anomopoda
Macrothricidae
Macrothrix
Macrothrix undefined-1

description: 12. Macrothrix sp. 1
Localities and specimens found: 2 −1j.
Distribution and ecology: This specimen was found in the shallow central part of a reservoir on clay-silty bottom (see Appendix 1).
Remarks. An accurate species identification of this single juvenile is tough. It differs from the juveniles of other representatives of the genus that we have found.
description: Published as part of Gusakov, Vladimir A., Dien, Tran Duc, Tran, Hoan Quoc, Thanh, Nguyen Thi Hai, Huan, Phan Trong, Ha, Vo Thi & Dinh, Cu Nguyen, 2025, An annotated checklist of the main representatives of meiobenthos from inland water bodies of Central and Southern Vietnam. III. Water fleas (Cladocera), pp. 401-455 in Zootaxa 5613 (3) on page 410, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5613.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15216705
Nonlinear Modal Decoupling: a new approach to real-time power system stability analysis and control (Slides)
Creators: Kai Sun
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2022

With the increasing penetration of IBRs, a power system can exhibit more complex dynamics such as nonlinear oscillations, near-resonances and unanticipated instabilities. Conventional small-signal and transient stability analyses for power systems will no longer be adequate. For real-time stability analysis and control of a future power system modeled by a network of many nonlinear oscillators, this talk introduces a new methodology named “Nonlinear Modal Decoupling” that inversely constructs as many decoupled nonlinear oscillators as the system’s oscillation modes of interests. Such decoupled oscillators together provide a fairly accurate representation of the system’s stability and oscillatory behaviors under both small and large disturbances. Each decoupled oscillator, although nonlinear, has one degree of freedom and can easily be analyzed and controlled using a direct method to ensure the stability of the original system regarding its corresponding mode. When any oscillator foresees a transition from sustained oscillation to instability in real time from wide-area measurements, a newly proposed IBR-based distributed controller can quickly stabilize the power system.
With the increasing penetration of IBRs, a power system can exhibit more complex dynamics such as nonlinear oscillations, near-resonances and unanticipated instabilities. Conventional small-signal and transient stability analyses for power systems will no longer be adequate. For real-time stability analysis and control of a future power system modeled by a network of many nonlinear oscillators, this talk introduces a new methodology named “Nonlinear Modal Decoupling” that inversely constructs as many decoupled nonlinear oscillators as the system’s oscillation modes of interests. Such decoupled oscillators together provide a fairly accurate representation of the system’s stability and oscillatory behaviors under both small and large disturbances. Each decoupled oscillator, although nonlinear, has one degree of freedom and can easily be analyzed and controlled using a direct method to ensure the stability of the original system regarding its corresponding mode. When any oscillator foresees a transition from sustained oscillation to instability in real time from wide-area measurements, a newly proposed IBR-based distributed controller can quickly stabilize the power system.
Additional file 3 of Barriers and facilitators for shared decision making in older patients with multiple chronic conditions: a systematic review
Creators: name: Pel-Littel, Ruth E.
name: Snaterse, Marjolein
name: Teppich, Nelly Marela
name: Buurman, Bianca M.
name: Faridi S. Van Etten-Jamaludin
name: Weert, Julia C. M. Van
name: Minkman, Mirella M.
name: Reimer, Wilma J. M. Scholte Op
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table S3. Quality assessment of included studies
Quantum Tunneling and Trace Anomaly
Creators: name: Banerjee, Rabin
name: Majhi, Bibhas Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the corrections, using the tunneling formalisim based on a quantum WKB approach, to the Hawking temperature and Bekenstein-Hawking entropy for the Schwarzschild black hole. The results are related to the trace anomaly and are shown to be equivalent to findings inferred from Hawking's original calculation based on path integrals using zeta function regularization. Finally, exploiting the corrected temperature and periodicity arguments we also find the modification to the original Schwarzschild metric which captures the effect of quantum corrections.
description: LaTex, 10pages, no figure, minor modifications, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Phase diagram and pion modes of the neutral Nambu-Jona Lasinio model with the Polyakov loop
Creators: name: Ruggieri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss recent results obtained by our group within the Nambu-Jona Lasinio model with the Polyakov loop. I focus on the two flavor version of the model, discussing the phase diagram in the $μ-T$ plane in the case in which electrical neutrality is required. One of the results is that pion condensation is not observed in our model when a physical mass for the light quarks is considered.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures. Invited talk at the YITP international symposium on ``Fundamental Problems in Hot and/or Dense QCD'', Kyoto, Japan, 3-6 Mar 2008
Hardcore dimer aspects of the SU(2) Singlet wavefunction
Creators: name: Mambrini, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that any SU(2) singlet wavefunction can be characterized by a set of Valence Bond occupation numbers, testing dimer presence/vacancy on pairs of sites. This genuine quantum property of singlet states (i) shows that SU(2) singlets share some of the intuitive features of hardcore quantum dimers, (ii) gives rigorous basis for interesting albeit apparently ill-defined quantities introduced recently in the context of Quantum Magnetism or Quantum Information to measure respectively spin correlations and bipartite entanglement and, (iii) suggests a scheme to define consistently a wide family of quantities analogous to high order spin correlation. This result is demonstrated in the framework of a general functional mapping between the Hilbert space generated by an arbitrary number of spins and a set of algebraic functions found to be an efficient analytical tool for the description of quantum spins or qubits systems.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Investigations into the development and mechanism of tolerance induced by the chronic antigen challenge of sensitized guinea pigs
Creators: name: Andrew, Deborah Karen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Previous studies have shown that guinea pigs which have been sensitized to ovalbumin (OA) become unreactive to OA aerosol challenge after multiple nonlethal exposures. The present studies were undertaken to define the mechanism(s) of this nonreactivity, or "tolerance". Tolerance was induced in previously sensitized guinea pigs by challenging with OA aerosol one hour/day, five days/week for six weeks. Reactivity was assessed visually and by lung mechanics. Maximum bronchoconstrictive responses were observed in the first two weeks of aerosol challenge, with responses dropping off steadily thereafter until virtually inapparent after five weeks of chronic' challenge. Lung mechanics studies provided an objective means of assessing reactivity. Dynamic compliance (Cdyn) and pulmonary resistance (RL) data confirmed initial strong anaphylactic reactions in the early weeks of chronic challenge which steadily declined over the following five weeks. To investigate the stability of tolerance in the absence of regular aerosol challenge, groups of guinea pigs were withheld from challenge for 4, 6, 8, 10, and 24 day periods. No progressive loss of tolerance occurred when aerosol challenges were withheld for 4 to 24 day periods. In vitro contractile responses of airway smooth muscle from sensitized and tolerant guinea pigs revealed comparable histamine responses in the two groups but a significantly decreased response to OA from tolerant animals. Total lung histamine content was significantly greater in the tolerant animals (5.74 ± 0.76 jug histamine/g wet lung) than in control (3.05 ± 0.33) or sensitized animals (3.30 ± 0.38). Serum from tolerant animals showed a reduced area of blueing compared with serum from sensitized animals by a six hour passive cutaneous anaphylaxis sensitization. Lymphocytes transferred from tolerant guinea pigs to subsequently sensitized animals did not visibly reduce an initial response to OA aerosol challenge. Antigen-induced histamine release from chopped lung preparations was significantly less in tolerant animals (0.34 ± 0.27 μg histamine released/g tissue, 1.0 ± 0.7 % histamine released) than sensitized animals (1.2 ± 0.3 μg histamine released/g tissue, 5.1 ± 1.4 % histamine released) at a low (1.1 x 10⁻⁹ M) OA concentration. It is concluded that antigen-induced mediator release or antibody synthesis may be inhibited in tolerant animals.
Non-Gaussianity in the modulated reheating scenario
Creators: name: Suyama, Teruaki
name: Yamaguchi, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the non-Gaussianity of primordial curvature perturbation in the modulated reheating scenario where the primordial perturbation is generated due to the spacial fluctuation of the inflaton decay rate to radiation. We use the $δN$ formalism to evaluate the trispectrum of curvature perturbation as well as its bispectrum. We give expressions for three non-linear parameters $f_{NL}, τ_{NL}$ and $g_{NL}$ in the modulated reheating scenario. If the intrinsic non-Gaussianity of scalar field fluctuations and third derivative of the decay rate with respect to scalar fields are negligibly small, $g_{NL}$ has at least the same order of magnitude as $f_{NL}$. We also give general inequality between $f_{NL}$ and $τ_{NL}$ which is true for other inflationary scenarios as long as primordial non-Gaussianity comes from super-horizon evolution.
description: references added
Echiniscus lapponicus Thulin 1911
Creators: name: Gąsiorek, Piotr
name: Vončina, Katarzyna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Tardigrada
Heterotardigrada
Echiniscoidea
Echiniscidae
Echiniscus
Echiniscus lapponicus

description: 10. Echiniscus lapponicus Thulin, 1911
Figures 13–16, 37, Tables 6–7
description: Published as part of Gąsiorek, Piotr & Vončina, Katarzyna, 2023, Atlas of the Echiniscidae (Heterotardigrada) of the World-part I: West Palaearctic Echiniscus species, pp. 1-72 in Zootaxa 5344 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5344.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8346050
Non-monotonic size dependence of the elastic modulus of nanocrystalline ZnO embedded in a nanocrystalline silver matrix
Creators: name: Panchal, Vinod
name: Ghosh, Shankar
name: Gohil, Smita
name: kulkarni, Nilesh
name: Ayyub, Pushan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first high pressure Raman study on nanocrystalline ZnO films with different average crystallite sizes. The problem of low Raman signals from nano sized particles was overcome by forming a nanocomposite of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles. The presence of the nanodispersed Ag particles leads to a substantial surface enhancement of the Raman signal from ZnO. We find that the elastic modulus of nanocrystalline ZnO shows a non-monotonic dependence on the crystallite size. We suggest that the non-monotonicity arises from an interplay between the elastic properties of the individual grains and the intergranular region.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Optimal Power Allocation for Fading Channels in Cognitive Radio Networks: Ergodic Capacity and Outage Capacity
Creators: name: Kang, Xin
name: Liang, Ying-Chang
name: Nallanathan, Arumugam
name: Garg, Hari Krishna
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A cognitive radio network (CRN) is formed by either allowing the secondary users (SUs) in a secondary communication network (SCN) to opportunistically operate in the frequency bands originally allocated to a primary communication network (PCN) or by allowing SCN to coexist with the primary users (PUs) in PCN as long as the interference caused by SCN to each PU is properly regulated. In this paper, we consider the latter case, known as spectrum sharing, and study the optimal power allocation strategies to achieve the ergodic capacity and the outage capacity of the SU fading channel under different types of power constraints and fading channel models. In particular, besides the interference power constraint at PU, the transmit power constraint of SU is also considered. Since the transmit power and the interference power can be limited either by a peak or an average constraint, various combinations of power constraints are studied. It is shown that there is a capacity gain for SU under the average over the peak transmit/interference power constraint. It is also shown that fading for the channel between SU transmitter and PU receiver is usually a beneficial factor for enhancing the SU channel capacities.
description: 26 pages, 9 figures, to appear in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Generalized Fubini instantons
Creators: name: Yurova, A. A.
name: Yurov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that $(1+2)$ nonlinear Klein-Gordon equation with negative coupling admits an exact solution which appears to be the linear superposition of the plane wave and the nonsingular rational soliton. We show that the same approach allows to construct the solution of similar properties for the Euclidean $ϕ^4$ model with broken symmetry. Interestingly, this regular solution will be of instanton type only in the $D\le 5$ Euclidean space.
description: 10 pages
The effect of early dark matter halos on reionization
Creators: name: Natarajan, Aravind
name: Schwarz, Dominik J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The annihilation of dark matter particles releases energy, ionizing some of the gas in the Universe. We investigate the effect of dark matter halos on reionization. We show that the effect depends on the assumed density profile, the particle mass, and the assumed minimum halo mass. For NFW halos and typical WIMPs, we find the effect to be quite small. However, light dark matter candidates in the MeV range can contribute significantly to reionization and can make an important contribution to the measured optical depth. This effect may be used to constrain light dark matter models. We also study the effect of varying the halo density profile on reionization.
description: Minor changes from v2. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Entanglement dynamics of two-qubit system in different types of noisy channels
Creators: name: Shan, C. J.
name: Liu, J. B.
name: Cheng, W. W.
name: Liu, T. K.
name: Huang, Y. X.
name: Li, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study entanglement dynamics of a two-qubit extended Werner-like state locally interacting with independent noisy channels, i.e., amplitude damping, phase damping and depolarizing channels. We show that the purity of initial entangled state has direct impacts on the entanglement robustness in each noisy channel. That is, if the initial entangled state is prepared in mixed instead of pure form, the state may exhibit entanglement sudden death (ESD) and/or be decreased for the critical probability at which the entanglement disappear.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Arrival time distribution for a driven system containing quenched dichotomous disorder
Creators: name: Denisov, S. I.
name: Kostur, M.
name: Denisova, E. S.
name: Hänggi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the arrival time distribution of overdamped particles driven by a constant force in a piecewise linear random potential which generates the dichotomous random force. Our approach is based on the path integral representation of the probability density of the arrival time. We explicitly calculate the path integral for a special case of dichotomous disorder and use the corresponding characteristic function to derive prominent properties of the arrival time probability density. Specifically, we establish the scaling properties of the central moments, analyze the behavior of the probability density for short, long, and intermediate distances. In order to quantify the deviation of the arrival time distribution from a Gaussian shape, we evaluate the skewness and the kurtosis.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures