cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The new old Afghanistan: The legitimacy of the Taliban regime and the consequences of denied recognition.
Creators: name: Kapp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This summary seeks to highlight the critical points of the following dissertation. It begins with the introduction to the dissertation (Chapter 1), highlighting the fall of Afghanistan to the Taliban and the group’s subsequent proclamation of a new government and the denial of that government’s legitimacy by the United Nations. The dissertation then asks two questions: Is the Taliban-led government in Afghanistan a legitimate government in terms of international law and what will the consequences of continued denial to recognise this Taliban government be?The first question is asked in Chapter 2, where it is analysed in 4 parts: The requirements for forming a government under international law, the status of the “de facto” government under international law, the recognition of terrorist organisations as legitimate governments and the impact of human rights on recognition of governments. The chapter ends by concluding that the Taliban have indeed formed a legitimate government in terms of international law. The second question is asked in Chapter 3, where it is analysed in 3 parts: The act of non-recognition by a government or state, human rights and its impact on non-recognition and the consequences of not recognising the Taliban government in Afghanistan. The chapter ends by highlighting the total exclusion of the Taliban government from global decision-making processes, as well as global financial and humanitarian institutions. Chapter 4 concludes the dissertation. It highlights and summarises the points made and conclusions reached through Chapters 3 and 4, and notes that the Taliban will have to either adapt its political doctrines to align more closely with global standards and values, or content itself with being a rogue state, locked outside the global order for the foreseeable future.
Low-frequency variability and heat transport in a low-order nonlinear coupled ocean-atmosphere model
Creators: name: Vannitsem, Stéphane
name: Demaeyer, Jonathan
name: De Cruz, Lesley
name: Ghil, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate and study a low-order nonlinear coupled ocean-atmosphere model with an emphasis on the impact of radiative and heat fluxes and of the frictional coupling between the two components. This model version extends a previous 24-variable version by adding a dynamical equation for the passive advection of temperature in the ocean, together with an energy balance model. The bifurcation analysis and the numerical integration of the model reveal the presence of low-frequency variability (LFV) concentrated on and near a long-periodic, attracting orbit. This orbit combines atmospheric and oceanic modes, and it arises for large values of the meridional gradient of radiative input and of frictional coupling. Chaotic behavior develops around this orbit as it loses its stability; this behavior is still dominated by the LFV on decadal and multi-decadal time scales that is typical of oceanic processes. Atmospheric diagnostics also reveals the presence of predominant low- and high-pressure zones, as well as of a subtropical jet; these features recall realistic climatological properties of the oceanic atmosphere. Finally, a predictability analysis is performed. Once the decadal-scale periodic orbits develop, the coupled system's short-term instabilities --- as measured by its Lyapunov exponents --- are drastically reduced, indicating the ocean's stabilizing role on the atmospheric dynamics. On decadal time scales, the recurrence of the solution in a certain region of the invariant subspace associated with slow modes displays some extended predictability, as reflected by the oscillatory behavior of the error for the atmospheric variables at long lead times.
description: v1: 41 pages, 17 figures; v2-: 42 pages, 15 figures
Marangoni-Induced Reversal of Meniscus-Climbing Microdroplets
Creators: name: Sun, Jianxing
name: Weisensee, Patricia B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Small water droplets or particles located at an oil meniscus typically climb the meniscus due to unbalanced capillary forces. Here, we introduce a size-dependent reversal of this meniscus-climbing behavior, where upon cooling of the underlying substrate, droplets of different sizes concurrently ascend and descend the meniscus. We show that microscopic Marangoni convection cells within the oil meniscus are responsible for this phenomenon. While dynamics of relatively larger water microdroplets are still dominated by unbalanced capillary forces and hence ascend the meniscus, smaller droplets are carried by the surface flow and consequently descend the meniscus. We further demonstrate that the magnitude and direction of the convection cells depend on the meniscus geometry and the substrate temperature and introduce a modified Marangoni number that well predicts their strength. Our findings provide a new approach to manipulating droplets on a liquid meniscus that could have applications in material self-assembly, biological sensitive sensing and testing, or phase change heat transfer.
description: submitted to Soft Matter
$β$-density function on the class group of projective toric varieties
Creators: name: Mondal, Mandira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D40, 13H15, 14M25, 52B20, 52C07

description: We prove the existence of a compactly supported, continuous (except at finitely many points) function $g_{I, {\bf m}}: [0, \infty)\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}$ for all monomial prime ideals $I$ of $R$ of height one where $(R, {\bf m})$ is the homogeneous coordinate ring associated to a projectively normal toric pair $(X, D)$, such that $$\int_{0}^{\infty}g_{I, {\bf m}}(λ)dλ=β(I, {\bf m}),$$ where $β(I, {\bf m})$ is the second coefficient of the Hilbert-Kunz function of $I$ with respect to the maximal ideal ${\bf m}$, as proved by Huneke-McDermott-Monsky \cite{HMM2004}. Using the above result, for standard graded normal affine monoid rings we give a complete description of the class map $τ_{\bf m}:\text{Cl}(R)\longrightarrow \mathbb{R}$ introduced in \cite{HMM2004} to prove the existence of the second coefficient of the Hilbert-Kunz function. Moreover, we show the function $g_{I, {\bf m}}$ is multiplicative on Segre products with the expression involving the first two coefficients of the Hilbert polynomial of the rings and the ideals. \keywords{coefficients of Hilbert-Kunz function\and projective toric variety\and Hilbert-Kunz density function\and $β$-density function\and monomial prime ideal of height one.}
description: 21 pages
Ising Spins on Randomly Multi-Branched Husimi Square Lattice: Thermodynamics and Phase Transition in Cross-dimensional Range
Creators: name: Huang, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An inhomogeneous random recursive lattice was constructed from the multi-branched Husimi square lattice. The number of repeating units connected on one vertex was randomly set to be 2 or 3 with a quenched ratio $P_2$ or $P_3$ with $P_2+P_3=1$. The model was designed to describe complex thermodynamic systems with variable coordinating neighbors, e.g. the cross-dimensional range around the surface of a bulk materials. Classical ferromagnetic spin-1 Ising model was solved on the lattice to achieve an annealed solution via the local exact calculation technique. The model exhibits distinct spontaneous magnetization similar to the deterministic system, with however rigorous thermal fluctuations and significant singularities on the entropy behavior around the critical temperature, indicating a complex superheating and supercooling frustration in the cross-dimensional range induced by the stochasticity. The critical temperature was found to be exponentially correlated to the structural ratio $P$ with the coefficient fitted as 0.53187, while the ground state energy presents linear relation to $P$, implying a well-defined average property according to the structural ratio.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
A class of non-classicality and non-Gaussianity of photon added three-mode GHZ-type entangled coherent states
Creators: name: Jebli, Larbi
name: Houça, Rachid
name: Daoud, Mohammed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, We investigate three-mode photon-added Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) entangled coherent states by repeatedly operating the photon-added operator on the GHZ entangled coherent states. The product of two Laguerre polynomials is demonstrated to be connected to the normalizing constant. The influence of the operation on the non-classical and non-Gaussian behavior of the GHZ entangled coherent states is investigated. Sub-Poissonian statistics, such as Mandel's parameter and the negativity of the Wigner function, show that non-classical properties can enhance GHZ entangled coherent states. Finally, the occurrence of the anti-bunching phenomena in this class of tripartite excited states is studied using the second-order correlation function.
description: 20 pages and 10 figures
Conflict in Mountainous Karabakh
Creators: name: Mosashvili, Gia
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Mountainous Karabakh is a regional conflict in the recent territory of Azerbaijan with the population of ethnic Armenians. It is a part of historical Karabakh and the reason why it had given autonomy, was to underline an ethnic factor of its population. All member states of the United Nations, beside Armenia, recognize Mountainous Karabakh as Azerbaijani territory with ethnic Armenian population. Mountainous Karabakh is a disputed territory between Azerbaijan and Armenia and both sides have their claims on this territory. Historical sources about Mountainous Karabakh are various and confusing. In 14th century, Safavid Empire gave autonomy-like status to Mountainous Karabakh and this status was retained during the next four centuries. Until 1991, Mountainous Karabakh was a little isolated region with aoutonomous oblast status within the Azerbaijan SSR. In 1992, Mountainous Karabakh declared itself as independent republic, which resulted in armed conflict between Azerbaijan and Armenia. Conflict in Mountainous Karabakh is a clash of political ambitions. Positions of parties still exclude each other.The scientific research ‘Conflict in Mountainous Karabakh’ is based on the qualitative research method and analyzes primary and secondary documents. It includes: introduction, main part, major research, conclusion and bibliography. Major research represents reasons of the conflict and the security dilemma: geographical factor, ethnographic factor, nationalism, Russia, ethnic affinity problem, different historical sources and economic factor. The last part of this work involves recomendations for the conflict resolution.
Colossal band renormalization and stoner ferromagnetism induced by electron-antiferromagnetic-magnon coupling
Creators: name: Yu, T. L.
name: Peng, R.
name: Xu, 2 M.
name: Yang, W. T.
name: Song, Y. H.
name: Wen, C. H. P.
name: Yao, Q.
name: Lou, X.
name: Zhang, T.
name: Li, W.
name: Wei, X. Y.
name: Bao, J. K.
name: Cao, G. H.
name: Dudin, P.
name: Denlinger, J. D.
name: Strocov, V. N.
name: Xu, H. C.
name: Feng, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interactions between electrons and antiferromagnetic magnons (AFMMs) are important for a large class of correlated materials. For example, they are the most plausible pairing glues in high-temperature superconductors, such as cuprates and iron pnictides. However, unlike electron-phonon interactions (EPIs), clear-cut observations regarding how electron-AFMM interactions (EAIs) affect the band structure are still lacking. Consequently, critical information on the EAIs, such as its strength and doping dependence, remains elusive. Here we directly observe that EAIs induces a kink structure in the band dispersion in Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Mn$_2$As$_2$, and subsequently unveil several key characteristics of EAIs. We found that the coupling constant of EAIs can be as large as 6, and it shows huge doping dependence and temperature dependence, all in stark contrast to the behaviors of EPI and beyond our current understanding of EAIs. Such a colossal renormalization of electronic bands by EAIs drives the system to the Stoner criteria, giving the intriguing ferromagnetic state in Ba$_{1-x}$K$_x$Mn$_2$As$_2$. Our results expand the current knowledge of EAIs, which may facilitate the further understanding of many correlated materials where EAIs play a critical role, such as high-temperature superconductors.
A Systematic Review of Dietary Interventions for Cancer Survivors and Their Families or Caregivers
Creators: name: Woodard, Nathaniel
name: Hoover, Rebecca L.
name: Leeman, Jennifer
name: Hirschey, Rachel
name: Xu, Jingle
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (MDPI)
Year: 2024

description: Family or caregiver engagement has the potential to support healthy dietary changes among cancer survivors. However, little is known about these family- or caregiver-involved dietary interventions and their effects. This systematic review aimed to identify the behavior change techniques (BCTs) used in dietary interventions for cancer survivors and their families or caregivers and to synthesize intervention effects on dietary and health outcomes. Following the PRISMA guidelines, we conducted systematic searches in three databases and identified 12 trials (16 peer-reviewed manuscripts) for inclusion in this review. Data were extracted from these manuscripts and the BCT taxonomy was used to identify the BCTs. A total of 38 BCTs were identified from 12 trials, 13 of which were used in at least half of the 12 trials. Ten studies reported significant intervention effects on health outcomes (e.g., adiposity) and six suggested significant improvements in dietary behaviors (e.g., fruit and vegetable intake). Overall, this review found that family- or caregiver-involved interventions for cancer survivors significantly improved dietary and health outcomes. Future research should identify BCTs particularly for dietary changes and develop effective dyadic strategies to facilitate diet-related interactions between survivors and their families or caregivers to enhance their engagement in healthy diets.
Time reversal invariant single gap superconductivity with upper critical field larger than Pauli limit in NbIr$_2$B$_2$
Creators: name: Das, Debarchan
name: Górnicka, Karolina
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Jaroszynski, Jan
name: Cava, Robert J.
name: Xie, Weiwei
name: Luetkens, Hubertus
name: Klimczuk, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, compounds with noncentrosymmetric crystal structure have attracted much attention for providing a rich playground in search for unconventional superconductivity. NbIr$_2$B$_2$ is a new member to this class of materials harboring superconductivity below $T_{\rm c} = 7.3(2)$~K and very high upper critical field that exceeds Pauli limit. Here we report on muon spin rotation ($μ$SR) experiments probing the temperature and field dependence of effective magnetic penetration depth in this compound. Our transverse-field -$μ$SR results suggest a fully gaped $s$-wave superconductvity. Further, the estimated high value of upper critical field is also supplemented by high field transport measurements. Remarkably, the ratio $T_{\rm c}$/$λ^{-2}(0)$ obtained for NbIr$_2$B$_2$ ($\sim$2) is comparable to those of unconventional superconductors. Zero-field $μ$SR data reveals no significant change in the muon spin relaxation rate above and below $T_{\rm c}$, evincing that time-reversal symmetry is preserved in the superconducting state. The presented results will stimulate theoretical investigations to obtain a microscopic understanding of the origin of superconductivity with preserved time reversal symmetry in this unique noncentrosymmetric system.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2101.08234
Domain wall QCD with physical quark masses
Creators: name: RBC
name: collaborations, UKQCD
name: :
name: Blum, T.
name: Boyle, P. A.
name: Christ, N. H.
name: Frison, J.
name: Garron, N.
name: Hudspith, R. J.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Janowski, T.
name: Jung, C.
name: Juettner, A.
name: Kelly, C.
name: Kenway, R. D.
name: Lehner, C.
name: Marinkovic, M.
name: Mawhinney, R. D.
name: McGlynn, G.
name: Murphy, D. J.
name: Ohta, S.
name: Portelli, A.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
name: Soni, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for several light hadronic quantities ($f_π$, $f_K$, $B_K$, $m_{ud}$, $m_s$, $t_0^{1/2}$, $w_0$) obtained from simulations of 2+1 flavor domain wall lattice QCD with large physical volumes and nearly-physical pion masses at two lattice spacings. We perform a short, O(3)%, extrapolation in pion mass to the physical values by combining our new data in a simultaneous chiral/continuum `global fit' with a number of other ensembles with heavier pion masses. We use the physical values of $m_π$, $m_K$ and $m_Ω$ to determine the two quark masses and the scale - all other quantities are outputs from our simulations. We obtain results with sub-percent statistical errors and negligible chiral and finite-volume systematics for these light hadronic quantities, including: $f_π$ = 130.2(9) MeV; $f_K$ = 155.5(8) MeV; the average up/down quark mass and strange quark mass in the $\bar {\rm MS}$ scheme at 3 GeV, 2.997(49) and 81.64(1.17) MeV respectively; and the neutral kaon mixing parameter, $B_K$, in the RGI scheme, 0.750(15) and the $\bar{\rm MS}$ scheme at 3 GeV, 0.530(11).
description: 131 pages, 30 figures. Updated to match published version
Observation of photon-phonon correlations via dissipative filtering
Creators: name: Zhao, Mengdi
name: Fang, Kejie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity-optomechanics enables photon-phonon interaction and correlations by harnessing the radiation-pressure force. Here, we realize a ``cavity-in-a-membrane'' optomechanical architecture which allows detection of the motion of lithographically-defined, ultrathin membranes via an integrated optical cavity. Using a dissipative filtering method, we are able to eliminate the probe light in situ and observe photon-phonon correlations associated with the low-frequency membrane mechanical mode. The developed method is generally applicable for study of low-frequency light scattering processes where conventional frequency-selective filtering is unfeasible.
Additional file 3: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S3. Sequeces of sNHE and sAC used for Molecular Phylogenetic analyses (PDF 3728 kb)
On C*-algebras which cannot be decomposed into tensor products with both factors infinite-dimensional
Creators: name: Kania, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that C*-algebras which, as Banach spaces, are Grothendieck cannot be decomposed into a tensor product of two infinite-dimensional C*-algebras. By a result of Pfitzner, this class contains all von Neumann algebras and their norm-quotients. We thus complement a recent result of Ghasemi who established a similar conclusion for the class of SAW*-algebras.
description: 6 pp., to appear in The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
Surface tension and instability in the hydrodynamic white hole of a circular hydraulic jump
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Jayanta K.
name: Ray, Arnab K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We impose a linearized Eulerian perturbation on a steady, shallow, radial outflow of a liquid (water), whose local pressure function includes both the hydrostatic and the Laplace pressure terms. The resulting wave equation bears the form of a hydrodynamic metric. A dispersion relation, extracted from the wave equation, gives an instability due to surface tension and the cylindrical flow symmetry. Using the dispersion relation, we also derive three known relations that scale the radius of the circular hydraulic jump in the outflow. The first two relations are scaled by viscosity and gravity, with a capillarity-dependent crossover to the third relation, which is scaled by viscosity and surface tension. The perturbation as a high-frequency travelling wave, propagating radially inward against the bulk outflow, is blocked just outside the circular hydraulic jump. The amplitude of the wave also diverges here because of a singularity. The blocking is associated with surface tension, which renders the circular hydraulic jump a hydrodynamic white hole.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure, ReVTeX double column format
Additional file 1 of Dog leucocyte antigen (DLA) class II haplotypes and risk of canine diabetes mellitus in specific dog breeds
Creators: name: A. L. Denyer
name: J. P. Massey
name: L. J. Davison
name: W. E. R. Ollier
name: B. Catchpole
name: Kennedy, L. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Geodesics near a curvature singularity of stationary and axially symmetric space-times
Creators: name: Del Águila, Juan Carlos
name: Matos, Tonatiuh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the local behavior of geodesics in the neighborhood of a curvature singularity contained in stationary and axially symmetric space-times. Apart from these properties, the metrics we shall focus on will also be required to admit a quadratic first integral for their geodesics. In particular, we search for the conditions on the geometry of the space-time for which null and time-like geodesics can reach the singularity. These conditions are determined by the equations of motion of a freely-falling particle. We also analyze the possible existence of geodesics that do not become incomplete when encountering the singularity in their path. The results are stated as criteria that depend on the inverse metric tensor along with conserved quantities such as energy and angular momentum. As an example, the derived criteria are applied to the Plebanski-Demianski class of space-times. Lastly, we propose a line element that describes a wormhole whose curvature singularities are, according to our results, inaccessible to causal geodesics.
description: 16 pages, 2 figues. To be published in Classical and Quantum Gravity
The Exoplanet Modeling and Analysis Center at NASA Goddard
Creators: name: Renaud, Joe P.
name: Lopez, Eric
name: Brande, Jonathan
name: Cruz-Arce, Carlos E.
name: Kelahan, Cameron
name: Susemiehl, Nicholas
name: Cristy, Dylan
name: Hostetter, Carl
name: Moore, Michael Dane
name: Patel, Apexa
name: Mandell, Avi M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Exoplanet Modeling and Analysis Center (EMAC) at NASA Goddard Space Flight Center is a web-based catalog, repository, and integration platform for modeling and analysis resources focused on the study of exoplanet characteristics and environments. EMAC hosts user-submitted resources ranging in category from planetary interior models to data visualization tools. Other features of EMAC include integrated web tools developed by the EMAC team in collaboration with the tools' original author(s) and video demonstrations of a growing number of hosted tools. EMAC aims to be a comprehensive repository for researchers to access a variety of exoplanet resources that can assist them in their work, and currently hosts a growing number of code bases, models, and tools. EMAC is a key project of the NASA GSFC Sellers Exoplanet Environments Collaboration (SEEC) and can be accessed at https://emac.gsfc.nasa.gov.
description: 3 pages and 1 figure. Published in RNAAS
Addressing COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in rural community pharmacies: a protocol for a stepped wedge randomized clinical trial
Creators: name: Carpenter D.
name: Hastings T.
name: Painter J.
name: Curran G.
name: Ounpraseuth S.
name: Gamble A.
name: Shepherd J.G.
name: Brewer N.T.
name: Simpson K.
name: Hughes T.
name: Teeter B.
name: Mosley C.
name: Halladay J.
name: Smith M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2023

description: Background: Uptake of COVID-19 vaccines remains problematically low in the USA, especially in rural areas. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is associated with lower uptake, which translates to higher susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 variants in communities where vaccination coverage is low. Because community pharmacists are among the most accessible and trusted health professionals in rural areas, this randomized clinical trial will examine implementation strategies to support rural pharmacists in delivering an adapted evidence-based intervention to reduce COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Methods: We will use an incomplete stepped wedge trial design in which we will randomize 30 rural pharmacies (unit of analysis) to determine the effectiveness and incremental cost-effectiveness of a standard implementation approach (consisting of online training that describes the vaccine hesitancy intervention, live webinar, and resource website) compared to adding on a virtual facilitation approach (provided by a trained facilitator in support of the delivery of the vaccine hesitancy counseling intervention by pharmacists). The intervention (ASORT) has been adapted from an evidence-based vaccine communication intervention for HPV vaccines through a partnership with rural pharmacies in a practice-based research network in seven southern US states. ASORT teaches pharmacists how to identify persons eligible for COVID-19 vaccination (including a booster), solicit and address vaccine concerns in a non-confrontational way, recommend the vaccine, and repeat the steps later if needed. The primary trial outcome is fidelity to the ASORT intervention, which will be determined through ratings of recordings of pharmacists delivering the intervention. The secondary outcome is the effectiveness of the intervention, determined by rates of patients who agree to be vaccinated after receiving the intervention. Other secondary outcomes include feasibility, acceptability, adoption, reach, and cost. Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analyses will be conducted to maximize the potential for future dissemination and sustainability. Mixed methods will provide triangulation, expansion, and explanation of quantitative findings. Discussion: This trial contributes to a growing evidence base on vaccine hesitancy interventions and virtual-only facilitation of evidenced-based practices in community health settings. The trial will provide the first estimate of the relative value of different implementation strategies in pharmacy settings. Trial registration: NCT05926544 (clinicaltrials.gov); 07/03/2023.
Supplemental Material from Coupled environmental and demographic fluctuations shape the evolution of cooperative antimicrobial resistance
Creators: name: Hernández-Navarro, Lluís
name: Asker, Matthew
name: Rucklidge, Alastair M.
name: Mobilia, Mauro
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Human Biophysics
Animal Physiology - Biophysics
Biological Mathematics

description: Technical and computational details
title: Engagement and involvement practices in abortion care: Collectively envisioning futures (Workshop report)
Creators: name: Boydell, Nicola
name: Basra, Santini
Publisher: name: University of Edinburgh
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abortion
subject: Sexual and Reproductive Health
subject: Participatory Research
subject: Involvement
subject: Engagement
subject: PPIE (Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement)
subject: Sexual and Reproductive Justice

description: On 11 July 2024, a workshop titled Engagement and Involvement Practices in Abortion Care: Collectively Envisioning Futures was held. This half-day event brought together people from across the abortion and wider sexual and reproductive health landscape, including those committed to improving abortion and contraceptive care and embedding community and patient involvement. The primary aim of the workshop was to explore how engagement practices can shape research, influence policy and enhance clinical practice. Facilitated by AndThen, a Glasgow-based design agency specialising in academic, third sector and public sector development, the workshop brought together over 25 participants with diverse backgrounds. These included people with lived experience of abortion, activists, advocacy groups, NHS staff (Lothian and Borders), BPAS (British Pregnancy Advisory Service), The Young Women’s Movement, Back Off Scotland and representatives from the Scottish Government. Participants also included academics from higher education institutions such as the Universities of Edinburgh, Glasgow, Lancaster, UCL (University College London), LSHTM (London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine), and The Open University. Interactive activities during the workshop were designed to build connections and explore innovative approaches to involvement and engagement in abortion care research, practice and policy. This workshop report outlines the activities undertaken during the event and presents a "knowledge artefact" developed through the ideas generated. Participants collaborated to create maps of the abortion landscape, describing key stakeholders and their relationships to one another. Each group produced a unique map and this report includes a synthesis of all the maps created, offering a comprehensive overview of key insights and connections formed during the workshop.
Usefulness of Multiqubit W-type States in Quantum Information Processing Task
Creators: name: Singh, Parvinder
name: Adhikari, Satyabrata
name: Kumar, Atul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the efficacy of multiqubit W-type states as resources for quantum information. For this, we identify and generalize four-qubit W-type states. Our results show that the states can be used as resources for deterministic quantum information processing. The utility of results, however, is limited by the availability of experimental setups to perform and distinguish multiqubit measurements. We, therefore, emphasize on another protocol where two users want to establish an optimal bipartite entanglement using the partially entangled W-type states. We found that for such practical purposes, four-qubit W states can be a better resource in comparison to three-qubit W-type states. For dense coding protocol, our states can be used deterministically to send two bits of classical message by locally manipulating a single qubit.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, Accepted in the Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics (2016)
Additional file 5: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Molecular phylogeny and domain compositions of sAC and its homologues (PDF 2380 kb)
Exploring TOI-244 b and the growing population of low-density super-Earths
Creators: name: Castro-González, Amadeo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: planets and satellites: individual: TOI-244 b – planets and satellites: detection – planets and satellites: composition – stars: individual: GJ 1018 – techniques: radial velocities – techniques: photometric

description: Small planets located at the lower mode of the bimodal radius distribution are generally assumed to be composed of iron and silicates in a proportion similar to that of the Earth. However, recent discoveries are revealing a new group of low-density planets that are inconsistent with that description. Their low densities could be explained by a scarcity of iron within their cores, by the presence of a significant amount of volatile elements, or by both effects. Recently, Adibekyan et al. found that stars with higher Mg/Fe and Si/Fe ratios host lighter super-Earths, which indicates a compositional star-planet connection. However, the lowest-dense super-Earths cannot be explained by having an iron-poor core, and instead require a significant amount of volatile elements in their compositions. The reason why those planets have such large amounts of volatiles is still unknown. In this talk, I will present our recent characterization of the unusually low-density super-Earth TOI-244 b based on ESPRESSO and TESS data and discuss its possible composition. Besides, I will present two tentative trends in the density-metallicity and density-insolation parameter space that might hint at the formation and composition of the lowest-density super-Earths.
description: {"references": ["https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202346550"]}
Apoptotic signaling clears engineered Salmonella in an organ-specific manner
Creators: name: Harvest C.K.
name: Bryan A.K.
name: Magalski G.R.
name: Billman Z.P.
name: Lopez J.P.
name: Abele T.J.
name: Li L.
name: Miao E.A.
name: Larson H.N.
name: Yin X.-M.
Publisher: name: eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
Year: 2023

description: Pyroptosis and apoptosis are two forms of regulated cell death that can defend against intracellular infection. When a cell fails to complete pyroptosis, backup pathways will initiate apop-tosis. Here, we investigated the utility of apoptosis compared to pyroptosis in defense against an intracellular bacterial infection. We previously engineered Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium to persistently express flagellin, and thereby activate NLRC4 during systemic infection in mice. The resulting pyroptosis clears this flagellin-engineered strain. We now show that infection of caspase-1 or gasdermin D deficient macrophages by this flagellin-engineered S. Typhimurium induces apop-tosis in vitro. Additionally, we engineered S. Typhimurium to translocate the pro-apoptotic BH3 domain of BID, which also triggers apoptosis in macrophages in vitro. During mouse infection, the apoptotic pathway successfully cleared these engineered S. Typhimurium from the intestinal niche but failed to clear the bacteria from the myeloid niche in the spleen or lymph nodes. In contrast, the pyroptotic pathway was beneficial in defense of both niches. To clear an infection, cells may have specific tasks that they must complete before they die; different modes of cell death could initiate these ‘bucket lists’ in either convergent or divergent ways.
Insensitizing controls for the heat equation with respect to boundary variations
Creators: name: Ervedoza, Sylvain
name: Lissy, Pierre
name: Privat, Yannick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This article is dedicated to insensitization issues of a quadratic functional involving the solution of the linear heat equation with respect to domains variations. This work can be seen as a continuation of [P. Lissy, Y. Privat, and Y. Simporé. Insensitizing control for linear and semi-linear heat equations with partially unknown domain. ESAIM Control Optim. Calc. Var., 25:Art. 50, 21, 2019], insofar as we generalize several of the results it contains and investigate new related properties. In our framework, we consider boundary variations of the spatial domain on which the solution of the PDE is defined at each time, and investigate three main issues: (i) approximate insensitization, (ii) approximate insensitization combined with an exact insensitization for a finite-dimensional subspace, and (iii) exact insensitization. We provide positive answers to questions (i) and (ii) and partial results to question (iii).
title: Involvement and Engagement Practices in Abortion Care – Systems Map (Knowledge Artefact)
Creators: name: Boydell, Nicola
name: Basra, Santini
Publisher: name: Centre for Biomedicine, Self and Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Abortion
subject: Sexual and Reproductive Health
subject: Participatory Research
subject: PPIE (Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement)
subject: Involvement
subject: Engagement

description: This systems map and corresponding observations were developed during the workshop Engagement and Involvement Practices in Abortion Care: Collectively Envisioning Futures, hosted in July 2024 by Nicola Boydell from the University of Edinburgh's Centre for Biomedicine, Self and Society. The event was facilitated by AndThen and funded by The Healthcare Improvement Studies (THIS) Institute. Participants collaborated to map the abortion care landscape, identifying key stakeholders and their interrelationships. Each group produced a unique map, and this systems map (or "knowledge artefact") synthesises our collective insights and ideas. While there is substantial evidence on best practices for involvement and engagement, the abortion landscape is unique and abortion care presents specific complexities. It is crucial to account for these dynamics when structuring interactions with patients, publics and other stakeholders such as community advocacy groups, healthcare providers and policymakers. This systems map, along with observations on what makes engagement in abortion care distinctive and the linked workshop report [https://doi.org/10.7488/era/cbss-2025-001], offers prompts, ideas and provocations for designing involvement and engagement initiatives within this context.
DMTNet: Dynamic Multi-scale Network for Dual-pixel Images Defocus Deblurring with Transformer
Creators: name: Zhang, Dafeng
name: Wang, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works achieve excellent results in defocus deblurring task based on dual-pixel data using convolutional neural network (CNN), while the scarcity of data limits the exploration and attempt of vision transformer in this task. In addition, the existing works use fixed parameters and network architecture to deblur images with different distribution and content information, which also affects the generalization ability of the model. In this paper, we propose a dynamic multi-scale network, named DMTNet, for dual-pixel images defocus deblurring. DMTNet mainly contains two modules: feature extraction module and reconstruction module. The feature extraction module is composed of several vision transformer blocks, which uses its powerful feature extraction capability to obtain richer features and improve the robustness of the model. The reconstruction module is composed of several Dynamic Multi-scale Sub-reconstruction Module (DMSSRM). DMSSRM can restore images by adaptively assigning weights to features from different scales according to the blur distribution and content information of the input images. DMTNet combines the advantages of transformer and CNN, in which the vision transformer improves the performance ceiling of CNN, and the inductive bias of CNN enables transformer to extract more robust features without relying on a large amount of data. DMTNet might be the first attempt to use vision transformer to restore the blurring images to clarity. By combining with CNN, the vision transformer may achieve better performance on small datasets. Experimental results on the popular benchmarks demonstrate that our DMTNet significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods.
Additional file 5: of Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the sperm-specific sodium/proton exchanger and soluble adenylyl cyclase are key regulators of CatSper among the Metazoa
Creators: name: Romero, Francisco
name: Nishigaki, Takuya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Figure S2. Molecular phylogeny and domain compositions of sAC and its homologues (PDF 68 kb)
Surfactant-dependent contact line dynamics and droplet spreading on textured substrates: derivations and computations
Creators: name: Gao, Yuan
name: Liu, Jian-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study spreading of a droplet, with insoluble surfactant covering its capillary surface, on a textured substrate. In this process, the surfactant-dependent surface tension dominates the behaviors of the whole dynamics, particularly the moving contact lines. This allows us to derive the full dynamics of the droplets laid by the insoluble surfactant: (i) the moving contact lines, (ii) the evolution of the capillary surface, (iii) the surfactant dynamics on this moving surface with a boundary condition at the contact lines and (iv) the incompressible viscous fluids inside the droplet. Our derivations base on Onsager's principle with Rayleigh dissipation functionals for either the viscous flow inside droplets or the motion by mean curvature of the capillary surface. We also prove the Rayleigh dissipation functional for viscous flow case is stronger than the one for the motion by mean curvature. After incorporating the textured substrate profile, we design a numerical scheme based on unconditionally stable explicit boundary updates and moving grids, which enable efficient computations for many challenging examples showing significant impacts of the surfactant to the deformation of droplets.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures
Gravitational perturbations in the Newman-Penrose formalism: Applications to wormholes
Creators: name: Del Águila, Juan Carlos
name: Matos, Tonatiuh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study the problem of linear stability of gravitational perturbations in stationary and spherically symmetric wormholes. For this purpose, we employ the Newman-Penrose formalism which is well-suited for treating gravitational radiation in General Relativity, as well as the geometrical aspect of this theory. With this method we obtain a "master equation" that describes the behavior of gravitational perturbations that are of odd-parity in the Regge-Wheeler gauge. This equation is later applied to a specific class of Morris-Thorne wormholes and also to the metric of an asymptotically flat scalar field wormhole. The analysis of the equations that these space-times yield reveals that there are no unstable vibrational modes generated by the type of perturbations here studied.
description: 20 pages. Revised version
Random Sampling in Reproducing Kernel Subspace of Mixed Lebesgue Spaces
Creators: name: Goyal, Prashant
name: Patel, Dhiraj
name: Sampath, Sivananthan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article, we consider the random sampling in the image space $V$ of mixed Lebesgue space $L^{p,q}(\mathbb{R}^{n+1})$ under an idempotent integral operator. We assume some decay and regularity conditions of the kernel and approximate the unit sphere in $V$ on a bounded cube $C_{R,S}$ by a finite-dimensional subspace of $V$. Consequently, the set of concentrated functions is totally bounded. We prove with an overwhelming probability that the random sample set uniformly distributed over $C_{R,S}$ is a stable set of sampling for the set of concentrated functions on $C_{R,S}$. Moreover, we propose an iterative scheme to reconstruct the concentrated signal from its random measurements.
description: Communicated
Biomaterials for treating sepsis-induced thromboinflammation
Creators: name: Lutz, Halle
name: Brown, Ashley C.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media SA
Year: 2023

description: Sepsis is a common and life-threatening disorder with an alarmingly high mortality rate. Unfortunately, this rate has not decreased significantly over the last decade and the number of septic cases is increasing each year. Despite sepsis affecting millions of people annually, there is still not an established standard of care. The development of a therapy that targets the thromboinflammation characteristic of sepsis is imperative. Until recently, research has focused on uncovering individual pathways to target. As more of the pathophysiology of sepsis has become understood and more biomarkers uncovered, the interplay between endothelial cells, platelets, and leukocytes has emerged as a critical event. Therefore, a multi-targeted approach is clearly required for designing an effective treatment for sepsis. The versatility of biomaterials offers a promising solution in that they can be designed to target and affect multiple pathways and systems and safely inhibit excessive inflammation while maintaining hemostasis. Already, studies have demonstrated the ability of biomaterials to target different processes and stages in sepsis-induced inflammation and coagulopathy. Moreover, some biomaterials offer inherent anti-inflammatory and hemostatic qualities. This review aims to discuss the most recent advancements in biomaterial development designed to address inflammation, coagulopathy, and thromboinflammation.