cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Compatibility testing and enhancing the pulp bleaching process by hydrolases of the newly isolated thermophilic Isoptericola variabilis strain UD-6
Creators: name: Kartik Patel
name: Pravin Dudhagara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In the present study, Isoptericola variabilis strain UD-6 isolated from alkaline hot spring of Unapdev, Maharashtra, India was assessed for its biobleaching activity by hydrolytic enzymes on rice straw pulp. Results of primary and secondary screening manifested that it was a multi-enzyme producer, competent to produce amylase, cellulase, mannanase, pectinase, and xylanase at 9.73, 4.11, 6.26, 8.42, and 6.61 IU ml−1 in fermentation conditions, respectively. Maximum activity of all enzymes was gained at thermal temperature (50–55 °C), alkaline condition (pH 8–9), under 5 mM KCl and 5 mM NaCl salt concentration. In compatibility testing, activities of all enzymes were spectacularly reduced when they utilized with chemicals of pulp bleaching. Results of rice straw pulp bleaching was effectual when pulp was initially bleached with mannanase, pectinase, and xylanase enzymes (Es) for 90 min and then with diluted chemicals (DC) for further 90 min instead of their separate use. Treatment of rice straw pulp with Es + DC, enhanced the release of reducing sugars, hydrophobic compounds, and phenolic compounds, whereas Kappa number was reduced. Overall, the results of the present study indicated that pre-bleaching of pulp with hydrolytic enzymes obtained from I. variabilis strain UD-6 helps to minimize chemicals used in the bleaching process and make it more sustainable for pulp and paper industries as well as for the environment.
A Numerical Study of Transport and Shot Noise at 2D Hopping
Creators: name: Kinkhabwala, Y. A.
name: Sverdlov, V. A.
name: Korotkov, A. N.
name: Likharev, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used modern supercomputer facilities to carry out extensive Monte Carlo simulations of 2D hopping (at negligible Coulomb interaction) in conductors with the completely random distribution of localized sites in both space and energy, within a broad range of the applied electric field $E$ and temperature $T$, both within and beyond the variable-range hopping region. The calculated properties include not only dc current and statistics of localized site occupation and hop lengths, but also the current fluctuation spectrum. Within the calculation accuracy, the model does not exhibit $1/f$ noise, so that the low-frequency noise at low temperatures may be characterized by the Fano factor $F$. For sufficiently large samples, $F$ scales with conductor length $L$ as $(L_c/L)^α$, where $α=0.76\pm 0.08 < 1$, and parameter $L_c$ is interpreted as the average percolation cluster length. At relatively low $E$, the electric field dependence of parameter $L_c$ is compatible with the law $L_c\propto E^{-0.911}$ which follows from directed percolation theory arguments.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures; Fixed minor typos and updated references
Lyroda salai Giner Mari 1945
Creators: name: Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha
name: Kumar, P. Girish
name: Sureshan, P. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Lyroda
Lyroda salai

description: Lyroda salai Giner Marí, 1945
(Figs 19–27)
 Lyroda salai Giner Marí, 1945: 854, ♀. Holotype: ♀, India: Maharashtra: Khandala near Bombay (MNCN).
 Diagnosis. Anterior margin of clypeus with two teeth medially, two sets of three teeth laterally and two sets of two small intermediate teeth. Median set of clypeal teeth narrow and cuspidate (Figs 21 & 60). Forewing with blackish fascia crossing two submarginal cells and apex of second discoidal cell (Fig. 25). Dense silvery setae present on base of antenna, frons, clypeus, gena, tibiae, femora, and both lateral and sternal areas of thorax (Figs 19–24). Propleuron with oblique furrow. Mesopleuron convex. Propodeum with dorsal median furrow which does not extend to declivous area of propodeum (Fig. 23). Basal platform of Gt1 approximately triangular. Silvery pile band on Gt1–Gt3, sparsely distributed medio dorsally, appearing somewhat interrupted (Fig. 26). Hind tibiae with eight spines on posterior external margin, claws without teeth.
 Remarks. According to the original description by Giner Marí (1945), six hind tibial spines are present on the posterior external margin.
 Distribution. India: Kerala (new record), Maharashtra. Elsewhere: China (Giner Marí 1945; Li et al. 2009).
 Material examined. INDIA: Kerala, Thrissur district, Elanad (1 ♀) (10°38’45’’N, 76°22’36’’E), 19.xi.2018, Coll. N.V. Ayisha Mawadda, ZSIK Regd. No. ZSI/ WGRC/IR/INV/115044.
description: Published as part of Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha, Kumar, P. Girish & Sureshan, P. M., 2021, Additions to the knowledge of the genus Lyroda Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) from India with the descriptions of two new species, pp. 201-217 in Zootaxa 5005 (2) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5005.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5141485
Quarkonium spin asymmetry measurements in p+p collisions by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Lebedev, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qat21
phenix
p+p
J/Ψ
mid-rapidity
polarization
forward-rapidity
cross section

description: Talk presented at the virtual Quarkonia as Tools 2021 conference
On a non-linear Fluctuation Theorem for the aging dynamics of disordered trap models
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the dynamics of the disordered trap model, which is known to be completely out-of-equilibrium and to present strong localization effects in its aging phase. We are interested into the influence of an external force, when it is applied from the very beginning at $t=0$, or only after a waiting time $t_w$. We obtain a "non-linear Fluctuation Theorem" for the corresponding one-time and two-time diffusion fronts in any given sample, that implies the following consequences : (i) for fixed times, there exists a linear response regime, where the Fluctuation-Dissipation Relation or Einstein relation is valid even in the aging time sector, in contrast with other aging disordered systems; (ii) for a fixed waiting time and fixed external field, the validity of the linear response regime is limited in time by a characteristic time depending on the external force; (iii) in the non-linear response regime, there exists a very simple relation for the asymmetry in the position for the one-time and the two-times disorder averaged diffusion fronts in the presence of an external force, in contrast to other models of random walks in random media. The present non-linear Fluctuation Theorem is a consequence of a special dynamical symmetry of the trap model.
description: 9 pages, no figure
Size-Exclusion Chromatography Separation Reveals That Vesicular and Non-Vesicular Small RNA Profiles Differ in Cell Free Urine
Creators: name: Karttunen, Jenni
name: Stewart, Sarah E.
name: Kalmar, Lajos
name: Grant, Andrew J.
name: Karet Frankl, Fiona E.
name: Williams, Tim L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: urine
extracellular vesicles
small RNA

description: Urinary extracellular vesicles (EVs) and their RNA cargo are a novel source of biomarkers for various diseases. We aimed to identify the optimal method for isolating small (200 nm) EVs from human urine prior to small RNA analysis. EVs from filtered healthy volunteer urine were concentrated using three methods: ultracentrifugation (UC); a precipitation-based kit (PR); and ultrafiltration (UF). EVs were further purified by size-exclusion chromatography (SEC). EV preparations were analysed with transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Western blotting, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) and an Agilent Bioanalyzer Small RNA kit. UF yielded the highest number of particles both before and after SEC. Small RNA analysis from UF-concentrated urine identified two major peaks at 10–40 nucleotides (nt) and 40–80 nt. In contrast, EV preparations obtained after UC, PR or SEC combined with any concentrating method, contained predominantly 40–80 nt sized small RNA. Protein fractions from UF+SEC contained small RNA of 10–40 nt in size (consistent with miRNAs). These data indicate that most of the microRNA-sized RNAs in filtered urine are not associated with small-sized EVs, and highlights the importance of removing non-vesicular proteins and RNA from urine EV preparations prior to small RNA analysis.
Near-horizon geodesics of high-spin black holes
Creators: name: Compère, Geoffrey
name: Druart, Adrien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an exhaustive and illustrated classification of timelike and null geodesics in the near-horizon region of near-extremal Kerr black holes. The classification of polar motion extends to Kerr black holes of arbitrary spin. The classification of radial motion leads to a simple parametrization of the separatrix between bound and unbound motion. Furthermore, we prove that each timelike or null geodesic is related via conformal transformations and discrete symmetries to spherical orbits and we provide the explicit mappings. We detail the high-spin behavior of both the innermost stable and the innermost bound spherical orbits.
description: Accepted for publication in PRD, 4 ancillary files, 62 pages, 31 figures
Wholesale Food Market Facilities: Types of Ownership and Methods of Financing
Creators: name: Clowes, Harry G.
name: Elliott, William H.
name: Crow, William C.
name: Clowes, Harry G.
name: Elliott, William H.
name: Crow, William C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1957
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Farm and food products move through various kinds of facilities on their way from producer to consumer. One kind of facility through which these products move is the wholesale food market. As a large number of persons and firms operate in a wholesale food market such markets present challenging and complex problems with respect to types of ownership and methods of financing. Wholesale food markets usually consist of stores for handling various kinds of food products, stalls in which farmers may display their produce, restaurants, offices, and other facilities for individual businesses. In addition, these markets have certain facilities for common use, such as railroad tracks, streets, and parking areas. Although large firms occupying entire buildings can own and operate their buildings, facilities for other operators must be provided by group ownership and financing. This report discusses in some detail the merits of different types of ownership, sources of loan capital, ways of selling securities, governmental regulations to be complied with, and methods of financing used by a number of food markets. This general information should aid interested people in any locality in developing a financial plan to fit their situation.
Discovery of a large HI ring around the quiescent galaxy AGC 203001
Creators: name: Bait, Omkar
name: Kurapati, Sushma
name: Duc, Pierre-Alain
name: Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
name: Wadadekar, Yogesh
name: Kamphuis, Peter
name: Barway, Sudhanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we report the discovery with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope of an extremely large ($\sim$115 kpc in diameter) HI ring off-centered from a massive quenched galaxy, AGC 203001. This ring does not have any bright extended optical counterpart, unlike several other known ring galaxies. Our deep $g$, $r$, and $i$ optical imaging of the HI ring, using the MegaCam instrument on the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope, however, shows several regions with faint optical emission at a surface brightness level of $\sim$28 mag/arcsec$^2$. Such an extended HI structure is very rare with only one other case known so far -- the Leo ring. Conventionally, off-centered rings have been explained by a collision with an "intruder" galaxy leading to expanding density waves of gas and stars in the form of a ring. However, in such a scenario the impact also leads to large amounts of star formation in the ring which is not observed in the ring presented in this paper. We discuss possible scenarios for the formation of such HI dominated rings.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 7 pages, 5 figures and 2 tables
HyperCP: A high-rate spectrometer for the study of charged hyperon and kaon decays
Creators: name: HyperCP Collaboration
name: Burnstein, R. A.
name: Chakravorty, A.
name: Chan, A.
name: Chen, Y. C.
name: Choong, W. -S.
name: Clark, K.
name: Dukes, E. C.
name: Durandet, C.
name: Felix, J.
name: Fuzesy, R.
name: Gidal, G.
name: Gu, P.
name: Gustafson, H. R.
name: Ho, C.
name: Holmstrom, T.
name: Huang, M.
name: James, C.
name: Jenkins, C. M.
name: Jones, T. D.
name: Kaplan, D. M.
name: Lederman, L. M.
name: Leros, N.
name: Longo, M. J.
name: Lopez, F.
name: Lu, L. C.
name: Luebke, W.
name: Luk, K. -B.
name: Nelson, K. S.
name: Park, H. K.
name: Perroud, J. -P.
name: Rajaram, D.
name: Rubin, H. A.
name: Teng, P. K.
name: Turko, B.
name: Volk, J.
name: White, C. G.
name: White, S. L.
name: Zyla, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The HyperCP experiment (Fermilab E871) was designed to search for rare phenomena in the decays of charged strange particles, in particular CP violation in $Ξ$ and $Λ$ hyperon decays with a sensitivity of $10^{-4}$. Intense charged secondary beams were produced by 800 GeV/c protons and momentum-selected by a magnetic channel. Decay products were detected in a large-acceptance, high-rate magnetic spectrometer using multiwire proportional chambers, trigger hodoscopes, a hadronic calorimeter, and a muon-detection system. Nearly identical acceptances and efficiencies for hyperons and antihyperons decaying within an evacuated volume were achieved by reversing the polarities of the channel and spectrometer magnets. A high-rate data-acquisition system enabled 231 billion events to be recorded in twelve months of data-taking.
description: 107 pages, 45 Postscript figures, 14 tables, Elsevier LaTeX, submitted to Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A
E-mentoring Internship Semester Syllabus Agreement*
Creators: name: Mahayosnand, Ponn P
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: E-mentoring Internship Semester Syllabus AgreementThe mentor created a comprehensive E-mentoring Internship Semester Syllabus Agreement states the overview of the internship organization, program learning objectives, internship plan, and semester timeline. This form serves as a general guideline for the semester and keeps the mentor-mentee on pace and accountable to key performance outputs. Flexibility is allowed. Main learning objectives of the internship are listed. The semester timeline outlines specifically how and when these objectives are expected to be achieved. The mentor shares appropriate projects she feels would meet her current research needs but also fit the student’s knowledge, skills, abilities, and interests. A sample 15-week semester plan is shared and can easily be adapted to shorter or longer semesters. On the bottom, the pair acknowledge and agree to the form by affixing their signatures.
Phase II study of gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and capecitabine in patients with KRAS exon 2 mutated biliary tract cancers
Creators: name: Jensen, Lars H.
name: Andersen, Rikke Fredslund
name: Byriel, Lene
name: Fernebro, Eva
name: Jakobsen, Anders
name: Lindebjerg, Jan
name: Nottelmann, Lise
name: Ploen, John
name: Hansen, Torben F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: Molecular markers may identify subgroups of patients with clinically distinct behavior and response to treatment. In some gastrointestinal tumors, KRAS has prognostic value and negative predictive value. This is the first prospective study to report the outcome of combination chemotherapy in biliary tract cancer patients with KRAS mutation. Methods: From 2009 to 2015, 25 patients were included from two Scandinavian centers. Main inclusion criteria were non-resectable biliary tract cancer, ECOG performance status 0–2 and tumor KRAS mutation. A bi-weekly cycle of chemotherapy was administered as gemcitabine 1000 mg/m2 and oxaliplatin 85 mg/m2 day 1, followed by 7 days of oral capecitabine 1000 mg/m2. Response evaluation was done every six treatment and the primary endpoint was the fraction with progression free survival (PFS) at 6 months. The study also included a non-preplanned analysis of circulating tumor specific DNA. Results: Chemotherapy was given for a median of 5 months (range 0–14) and among 17 patients evaluable for response, best responses were complete response (1), partial response (2), and stable disease (14). Eighteen patients had CT-verified progression, six died between evaluations and one patient is still progression-free. Median PFS was 6.8 months (95% CI 3.1–11.0) and median overall survival (OS) was 11.2 months (95% CI 6.6–14.3). The fraction with PFS at 6 months was 52% (95% CI 31–69%). Exploratory analyses found an improved survival in patients with a low level of plasma DNA. Conclusion: Pretreatment molecular characterization was feasible in BTC, but the rate of KRAS mutations was low. The study met its primary endpoint with a fraction of PFS at six months of 52%. The effect of combination chemotherapy with gemcitabine, oxaliplatin and capecitabine in this selected population was comparable to results from unselected groups with PFS and OS of 6.8 and 11.2 months, respectively. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00779454
Phase diagrams of Zwanzig models: The effect of polydispersity
Creators: name: Martinez-Raton, Yuri
name: Cuesta, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first goal of this article is to study the validity of the Zwanzig model for liquid crystals to predict transitions to inhomogeneous phases (like smectic and columnar) and the way polydispersity affects these transitions. The second goal is to analyze the extension of the Zwanzig model to a binary mixture of rods and plates. The mixture is symmetric in that all particles have equal volume and length-to-breadth ratio, $κ$. The phase diagram containing the homogeneous phases as well as the spinodals of the transitions to inhomogeneous phases is determined for the cases $κ=5$ and 15 in order to compare with previous results obtained in the Onsager approximation. We then study the effect of polydispersity on these phase diagrams, emphasizing the enhancement of the stability of the biaxial nematic phase it induces.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures
An expert system to advise new students where to find the relevant resources for their course at the Pilkington Library, Loughborough University of Technology
Creators: name: Brooks, Adam L.
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An expert system to advise new students where to find the relevant resources for their course at the Pilkington Library, Loughborough University of Technology
Lyroda binghami Tsuneki 1983
Creators: name: Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha
name: Kumar, P. Girish
name: Sureshan, P. M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Crabronidae
Lyroda
Lyroda binghami

description: Lyroda binghami Tsuneki, 1983
(Figs 28–41)
 Lyroda binghami Tsuneki, 1983a:73, ♀, ♂. Holotype: ♀, Myanmar: Tenasserim: Shwegyin (NHM).
 Diagnosis. FEMALE. BL. 9.85–9.90 mm. Black, tibio-tarsal articulation and all tarsi slightly ferruginous (Fig. 28). Setae on lower frons and clypeus, behind eyes on vertex, pronotal collar, posterior and posterolateral sides of scutum, sides of scutellum, metanotum, all sides of propodeum, and sternal areas of thorax silvery, silvery pile bands present at apical portion of Gt1–Gt3. Gt4, Gs4, Gt5, and Gs5 on posterior portion and Gs6 extensively covered with dense golden velvety pile (Fig. 35). Anterior margin of clypeus usually with one medial and two lateral sets of three teeth in female, accompanied by two or three teeth between median and lateral sets (Figs 30 & 61). Propodeal dorsum coarsely rugoso-reticulate (Fig. 32).Wings hyaline, apically slightly darkened, veins dark brown (Fig. 34). Pygidial plate broadly ferruginous and triangular, densely covered with golden setae, its lateral carina somewhat rounded (Fig. 36). Length of F1 3.30–3.35 × its apical width. MALE. BL. 7.45–7.55 mm. Setae as in female, but denser, silvery pile bands present at apical portion of Gt1–Gt3. Anterior margin of clypeus not excavated in middle (Fig. 39). Tibio-tarsal articulation paler, tibial spurs and apical tarsomeres of all legs ferruginous. Length of F1 2–2.05 × its apical width. Propodeal dorsum coarsely irregularly rugoso-reticulate (Fig. 41). Gaster black (except pygidium brownish black). Pygidial plate broad and subtruncate, its lateral carina not rounded (Fig. 42). Sternum VIII without median tooth or protuberance at apex (Fig. 43).
 Distribution. India (new record): Uttarakhand. Elsewhere: Myanmar (Tsuneki, 1983a).
 Remarks. In the female, teeth on anterior clypeal margin vary among specimens. Only some specimens agree well with the original description of the clypeus, whereas others differ considerably. In the male, foretarsal coloration varies, mostly only apical tarsomeres being ferruginous, one specimen having all fore tarsi ferruginous except the basitarsus.
 Material examined. INDIA: Uttarakhand, Dehradun district,ZSI campus(5 ♂, 8♀) (30°20’42’’N, 78°00’37’’E), 15.vii.2019, Coll. P. Girish Kumar, ZSIK Regd. Nos. ZSI/ WGRC/IR/INV/15035–15042, 15045–15048. INDIA: Uttarakhand, Dehradun district, WII campus (1 ♀) (30°17’07’’N 77°58’31’’ E), 8.x.2017, Coll. A. Ramesh Kumar, ZSIK Regd. No. ZSI/ WGRC/IR/INV/15043.
description: Published as part of Mawadda, N. V. Ayisha, Kumar, P. Girish & Sureshan, P. M., 2021, Additions to the knowledge of the genus Lyroda Say (Hymenoptera: Crabronidae) from India with the descriptions of two new species, pp. 201-217 in Zootaxa 5005 (2) on pages 208-215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5005.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/5141485
title: Tableau d'assemblage Afrique de l'ouest 1:200000 vers 1923-1949
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021

description: Tableau d'assemblage Afrique de l'ouest au 1:200000
The Role of Contracts in Wine Grape Supply Coordination: An Overview
Creators: name: Fraser, Iain
name: Fraser, Iain
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: contracts
subject: supply
subject: wine grape
subject: growers
subject: wineries
subject: wine industry
subject: grape quality
subject: economics
subject: contractual relations

description: In this paper the role of contracts in coordinating the supply of grapes between independent wine grape growers and wineries is examined. A review of technical issues that underpin the design and implementation of contracts provides insights into the wine industry. A review of the economics literature on contractual relations in the wine industry indicates that although grape contracts are important they are subject to a number of problems. In particular, the precise determination of grape quality is a source of tension, as are current pricing arrangements.
Hypernovae/GRB in the Galactic Center as possible sources of Galactic Positrons
Creators: name: Cassé, M.
name: Cordier, B.
name: Paul, J.
name: Schanne, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of a strong and extended positron-electron line annihilation emission in the central regions of the Galaxy by INTEGRAL-SPI, consistent with the Galactic bulge geometry, without any counterpart in the gamma-ray range, neither at high energy nor in the 1809 keV $^{26}$Al decay line, is challenging. Leaving aside the geometrical question, we address the problem of the adequate positron sources, showing the potentiality of a new category of SN Ic, exemplified by SN2003dh, which is associated to a gamma-ray burst. This kind of supernova/hypernova/GRB event is interpreted as the result of a bipolar Wolf-Rayet explosion, which produces a large amount of $^{56}$Ni and ejects it at high velocity along the rotation axis. The bulk of positrons resulting from $^{56}$Co decay escapes in the surrounding medium due to the rapid thinning of the ejecta in the polar direction. We show that a rate of about 0.02 SN2003dh-like events per century in the central region of the Galaxy is sufficient to explain the positron flux detected by INTEGRAL-SPI. In order to explain this flux by SN Ia events alone, a rate of 0.5 per century is necessary, much higher than indicated by Galactic evolutionary models applied to the bulge. Further observations of late light curves of SNe Ia and SNe Ic in the bulge of spiral galaxies, together with 3D hydrodynamic calculations of anisotropic ejections of $^{56}$Ni in SN Ic/GRB events, will allow to estimate the separate contributions of SNe Ia and SNe Ic to positron injection.
description: 7 pages, 0 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal Letters, 2003 12 08
Variational inequalities for ferroelectric constitutive modeling
Creators: name: Meindlhumer, Martin
name: Pechstein, Astrid
name: Humer, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is concerned with modeling the polarization process in ferroelectric media. We develop a thermodynamically consistent model, based on phenomenological descriptions of free energy as well as switching and saturation conditions in form of inequalities. Thermodynamically consistent models naturally lead to variational formulations. We propose to use the concept of variational inequalities. We aim at combining the different phenomenological conditions into one variational inequality. In our formulation we use one Lagrange multiplier for each condition (the onset of domain switching and saturation), each satisfying Karush-Kuhn-Tucker conditions. An update for reversible and remanent quantities is then computed within one, in general nonlinear, iteration.
Australia Fresh fruits and vegetables: Why do so many of them remain unbranded?
Creators: name: Pearson, David
name: Pearson, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: Fruit
subject: vegetables
subject: brand
subject: grocery products
subject: attribute
subject: fluctuates

description: Most fresh fruits and vegetables are unbranded. However, buyers are assisted with brands when purchasing most other grocery products. Brands have the potential to be of value to buyers and to the organisations that own them. However, research has shown that brands are only valuable to buyers when the attribute being sought fluctuates and is hidden from them at the time of purchase. Such as tastes with respect to apples. On this basis, for example, brands are relevant for apples, oranges, rockmelons and grapes, but not for potatoes, onions or mushrooms. However, it may not even be possible to develop successful brands with products for which they are relevant. This is due to the difficulty of reducing fluctuations in the attributes sought and hence being able to present a consistent product to the buyer as well as the difficulty of the organisation investing in the brand receiving some benefit. Thus, many fresh fruit and vegetable products are likely to remain unbranded.
(Non)local Hamiltonian and symplectic structures, recursions, and hierarchies: a new approach and applications to the N=1 supersymmetric KdV equation
Creators: name: Kersten, Paul
name: Krasil'shchik, Iosif
name: Verbovetsky, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using methods of math.DG/0304245 and [I.S.Krasil'shchik and P.H.M.Kersten, Symmetries and recursion operators for classical and supersymmetric differential equations, Kluwer, 2000], we accomplish an extensive study of the N=1 supersymmetric Korteweg-de Vries equation. The results include: a description of local and nonlocal Hamiltonian and symplectic structures, five hierarchies of symmetries, the corresponding hierarchies of conservation laws, recursion operators for symmetries and generating functions of conservation laws. We stress that the main point of the paper is not just the results on super-KdV equation itself, but merely exposition of the efficiency of the geometrical approach and of the computational algorithms based on it.
description: 16 pages, AMS-LaTeX, Xy-pic, dvi-file to be processed by dvips. v2: nonessential improvements of exposition, title changed
Microscopic pairing mechanism, order parameter, and disorder sensitivity in moiré superlattices: Applications to twisted double-bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Samajdar, Rhine
name: Scheurer, Mathias S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from a continuum-model description, we develop a microscopic weak-coupling theory for superconductivity in twisted double-bilayer graphene. We study both electron-phonon and entirely electronic pairing mechanisms. In each case, the leading superconducting instability transforms under the trivial representation, $A$, of the point group $C_3$ of the system, while the subleading pairing phases belong to the $E$ channel. We explicitly compute the momentum dependence of the associated order parameters and find that the leading state has no nodal points for electron-phonon pairing but exhibits six sign changes on the Fermi surface if the Coulomb interaction dominates. On top of these system-specific considerations, we also present general results relevant to other correlated graphene-based moiré superlattice systems. We show that, irrespective of microscopic details, triplet pairing will be stabilized if the collective electronic fluctuations breaking the enhanced $\text{SU}(2)_+ \times \text{SU}(2)_-$ spin symmetry of these systems are odd under time reversal, even when the main $\text{SU}(2)_+ \times \text{SU}(2)_-$-symmetric part of the pairing glue is provided by phonons. Furthermore, we discuss the disorder sensitivity of the candidate pairing states and demonstrate that the triplet phase is protected against disorder on the moiré scale.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Alternate Modes of Irrigation and Farmer Returns Under Conjunctive Water Management in Pakistan
Creators: name: Jehangir, Waqar Ahmed
name: Ashfaq, Muhammad
name: Christen, Evan
name: Jehangir, Waqar Ahmed
name: Ashfaq, Muhammad
name: Christen, Evan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: canal water
subject: supplemental ground water
subject: wheat
subject: Rechna Doab catchment
subject: Pakistan
subject: conjunctive water use
subject: econometric analysis
subject: tubewell water
subject: saline groundwater
subject: income

description: The paper describes a study of canal and supplemental ground water used by 544 farmers for wheat growing in the Rechna Doab catchment of Pakistan. The main objective was to assess the on-farm financial gains through alternate modes of irrigation and comparing them with conjunctive water use. For econometric analysis, a linear relationship between the wheat production and different determinant variables was assumed. The results highlighted the problem of increased use of tubewell water in the saline groundwater zones that had resulted in the deterioration of the groundwater quality and led to the problem of permanent upconing of saline groundwater. Conjunctive water management increased the farm income by about Rs. 1000 and 5000 per hectare compared to only using the canal and tubewell water, respectively The results of financial analysis show that the net gains were 30 percent higher on the farms using conjunctive water management as compared to the farms using only tubewell irrigation.
Stochastic Modelling Approach to the Incubation Time of Prionic Diseases
Creators: name: Ferreira, A. S.
name: da Silva, M. A. A.
name: Cressoni, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies like the bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE) and the Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) in humans are neurodegenerative diseases for which prions are the attributed pathogenic agents. A widely accepted theory assumes that prion replication is due to a direct interaction between the pathologic (PrPsc) form and the host encoded (PrPc) conformation, in a kind of an autocatalytic process. Here we show that the overall features of the incubation time of prion diseases are readily obtained if the prion reaction is described by a simple mean-field model. An analytical expression for the incubation time distribution then follows by associating the rate constant to a stochastic variable log normally distributed. The incubation time distribution is then also shown to be log normal and fits the observed BSE data very well. The basic ideas of the theoretical model are then incorporated in a cellular automata model. The computer simulation results yield the correct BSE incubation time distribution at low densities of the host encoded protein.
Search for B+/- --> [K-/+ pi+/-]_D K+/- and upper limit on the b --> u amplitude in B+/- --> D K+/-
Creators: name: Aubert, B.
name: Collaboration, BABAR
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for B+/- --> [K^-/+ pi+/-]_D K+/- decays, where [K-/+ pi+/-]_D indicates that the K-/+ pi+/- pair originates from the decay of a D0 or D0bar. Results are based on 120 million Upsilon(4S) --> B Bbar decays collected with the BaBar detector at SLAC. We set an upper limit on the ratio R_Kpi = {Gamma(B+ --> [K- pi+]_D K+) + Gamma(B- --> [K+ pi-]_D K-)}/ {Gamma(B+ --> [K+ pi-]_D K+) + Gamma(B- --> [K- pi+]_D K-)} < 0.026 (90% C.L.). This constrains the amplitude ratio r_B = |A(B- --> D0bar K-)/A(B- --> D0 K-)| < 0.22 (90% C.L.), consistent with expectations. The small value of r_B favored by our analysis suggests that the determination of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa phase gamma from B --> D K will be difficult.
description: Replaced with published version
Semantic Limits of Dense Combinatorial Objects
Creators: name: Coregliano, Leonardo N.
name: Razborov, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Primary: 03C13. Secondary: 28A99, 60C05, 05D40

description: The theory of limits of discrete combinatorial objects has been thriving for the last decade or so. The syntactic, algebraic approach to the subject is popularly known as "flag algebras", while the semantic, geometric one is often associated with the name ``graph limits''. The language of graph limits is generally more intuitive and expressible, but a price that one has to pay for it is that it is better suited for the case of ordinary graphs than for more general combinatorial objects. Accordingly, there have been several attempts in the literature, of varying degree of generality, to define limit objects for more complicated combinatorial structures. This paper is another attempt at a workable general theory of dense limit objects. Unlike previous efforts in this direction (with notable exception of [Ashwini Aroskar and James Cummings. Limits, regularity and removal for finite structures. Technical Report arXiv:1412.2014 [math.LO], arXiv e-print, 2014.]), we base our account on the same concepts from the first-order logic and the model theory as in the theory of flag algebras. We show how our definition naturally encompasses a host of previously considered cases (graphons, hypergraphons, digraphons, permutons, posetons, colored graphs, etc.), and we extend the fundamental properties of existence and uniqueness to this more general case. We also give an intuitive general proof of the continuous version of the Induced Removal Lemma based on the completeness theorem for propositional calculus. We capitalize on the notion of an open interpretation that often allows to transfer methods and results from one situation to another. Again, we show that some previous arguments can be quite naturally framed using this language.
description: 127 pages, 4 figures
Those Most Likely: Identifying Food Processing Firms With Export Potential
Creators: name: Philp, Norman E.
name: Philp, Norman E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: export advisors
subject: logistic regression model
subject: management
subject: food processing

description: This paper suggests an instrument that can be used by export advisors and other export development practitioners to determine whether or not food and beverage processing firms that have not yet actively exported have, in fact, a high probability of ever doing so. The instrument is developed from an empirically based, logistic regression model relating to the management and firm-specific determinants of a firm's export orientation. This model was able to predict the probability of a firm being an "active exporter" with an accuracy of over 84%. The major management attitudes and attributes that appeared to strongly influence whether or not a firm became an active exporter were its management's willingness to commit resources to export development, their attitudinal commitment to export, their recognition of the significance of product price in the firm's market competitiveness, the firm's access to export-specific management skills, and whether or not the manager was tertiary educated. Four of these constructs were then used to develop the suggested instrument.
The Impact of China's WTO Accession on its Regional Economies
Creators: name: Jiang, Tingsong
name: Jiang, Tingsong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession
subject: China
subject: income
subject: CERD
subject: computable general equilibrium model
subject: Chinese economy
subject: World Trade Organisation
subject: rural households
subject: urban households
subject: coastal
subject: inland

description: Along with the rapid economic growth since China undertook economic reform in 1978, the income gap among Chinese regions has widened. Using CERD , a computable general equilibrium model of the Chinese economy with regional details, this paper investigates the impact of China's accession to the World Trade Organisation on regional development and finds that, although all regions will gain from the accession, the trend of a widening gap among regions will be reinforced rather than eased. Specifically, the eastern coastal region gains more than the inland regions. The result is robust no matter whether the change in trade balance is left free or fixed, although the scenario with zero change in the trade balance generates a lower overall welfare gain and an even worse regional disparity. A retreat from WTO commitments in tariff cuts in agriculture reduces welfare gains, but could to some degree ameliorate the worsening inequality between rural and urban households and between coastal and inland regions. Similarly, increasing transfer payment to the inland regions could marginally improve the regional and rural-urban inequality at the cost of overall welfare gain. On the other hand, domestic market reform allowing more freely movement of factors and commodities across regions could improve the regional and rural-urban inequality and achieve higher total welfare gains.
MUSE-ALMA Halos V: Physical properties and environment of z < 1.4 HI quasar absorbers
Creators: name: Hamanowicz, A.
name: Peroux, C.
name: Zwaan, M. A.
name: Rahmani, H.
name: Pettini, M.
name: York, D. G.
name: Klitsch, A.
name: Augustin, R.
name: Krogager, J-K.
name: Kulkarni, V.
name: Fresco, A.
name: Biggs, A. D.
name: Milliard, B.
name: Vernet, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of the MUSE-ALMA Halos, an ongoing study of the Circum-Galactic Medium (CGM) of low redshift galaxies (z < 1.4), currently comprising 14 strong HI absorbers in five quasar fields. We detect 43 galaxies associated with absorbers down to star formation rate (SFR) limits of 0.01-0.1 solar masses/yr, found within impact parameters (b) of 250 kpc from the quasar sightline. Excluding the targeted absorbers, we report a high detection rate of 89 per cent and find that most absorption systems are associated with pairs or groups of galaxies (three to eleven members). We note that galaxies with the smallest impact parameters are not necessarily the closest to the absorbing gas in velocity space. Using a multi-wavelength dataset (UVES/HIRES, HST, MUSE), we combine metal and HI column densities, allowing for derivation of the lower limits of neutral gas metallicity as well as emission line diagnostics (SFR, metallicities) of the ionised gas in the galaxies. We find that groups of associated galaxies follow the canonical relations of N(HI) -- b and W_r(2796) -- b, defining a region in parameter space below which no absorbers are detected. The metallicity of the ISM of associated galaxies, when measured, is higher than the metallicity limits of the absorber. In summary, our findings suggest that the physical properties of the CGM of complex group environments would benefit from associating the kinematics of individual absorbing components with each galaxy member.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 23 pages, 25 figures
Classical Coulomb three-body problem in collinear eZe configuration
Creators: name: Sano, Mitsusada M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Classical dynamics of two-electron atom and ions H$^{-}$, He, Li$^{+}$, Be$^{2+}$,... in collinear eZe configuration is investigated. It is revealed that the mass ratio $ξ$ between necleus and electron plays an important role for dynamical behaviour of these systems. With the aid of analytical tool and numeircal computation, it is shown that thanks to large mass ratio $ξ$, classical dynamics of these systems is fully chaotic, probably hyperbolic. Experimental manifestation of this finding is also proposed.
description: Largely rewritten. 21 pages. All figures are available in http://ace.phys.h.kyoto-u.ac.jp/~sano/3-body/index.html
Migration networks as a response to financial constraints: Onset and endogenous dynamics
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Jakubek, Marcin
name: Stark, Oded
name: Jakubek, Marcin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Migration networks
subject: Schedule of migration
subject: Sequential migration
subject: Affinity
subject: Interpersonal bonds
subject: Cost of migration

description: A migration network is modeled as a mutually beneficial cooperative agreement between financially-constrained individuals who seek to finance and expedite their migration. The cooperation agreement creates a network: “established” migrants contract to support the subsequent migration of others in exchange for receiving support themselves. When the model is expanded to study cooperation between more than two migrants, it emerges that there is a finite optimal size of the migration network. Consequently, would-be migrants in the sending country will form a multitude of networks, rather than a single grand network.