cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Energy report of existing building for retrofication
Creators: name: Nilay Pradhan, Jacqueline Rohrmann
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Energy Report, Energy Efficiency, Building Sustainability, Energy Auditing, Energy Survey, KfW, DIN18599, Building Retrofication, Existing Building

description: This energy report was done in a group of five experts from varying backgrounds during the Interdisciplinary Project module in the Building Sustainability Master's Program at TU Berlin, EUREF (Academic Year 2021-2024). The report gives an innovative approach to energy efficiency and financing opportunities with comprehensive sustainable building solutions. The report begins by addressing the client's requirements for an existing building, navigating through a robust policy framework, and seamlessly connecting them to potential funding sources. An in-depth energy survey of the existing building, compares its energy consumption to that of a reference building, highlighting areas for improvement to meet mandated targets and secure funding. To understand the building's behaviour and physics, we delve into a detailed analysis, culminating in the development of a unique decision matrix. This matrix allows us to evaluate numerous parameters and propose tailored measure packages. These packages are built around currently available and market-approved technology. Going beyond energy efficiency, the report embraces a theme of building automation to enhance user experience and attract additional funding according to approved standards. The economic analysis provides a compelling overview of the project's financial viability and benefits. To conclude, we offer valuable recommendations and an informative appendix in the report. Making sure to unlock the full potential of the building's energy efficiency while securing funding and ensuring an exceptional user experience.
Additional file 2 of The type VI secretion system of Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis is involved in virulence and in vitro motility
Creators: name: Benavides, Nathaly Andrea Montenegro
name: Alejandro Alvarez, B.
name: Arrieta-Ortiz, Mario L.
name: Rodriguez-R, Luis Miguel
name: Botero, David
name: Tabima, Javier Felipe
name: Castiblanco, Luisa
name: Trujillo, Cesar
name: Restrepo, Silvia
name: Bernal, Adriana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Genomic organization of the characterized T6SS cluster. Alignment orthologous sequences and the hits of T6SS genes are represented as colored arrows. The colors follow the same guidelines as in Fig. 1. A unique color was assigned to highly conserved orthologs of Xanthomonas euvesicatoria str. 85–10, Xanthomonas citri subsp. citri str. 306 and Xanthomonas phaseoli pv. manihotis str. CIO 151. The lines represent the orthologous genes found with ORTHOMCL.
Spherical Symmetric Solutions in Hořava-Lifshitz Gravity and their Properties
Creators: name: Capasso, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-projectable Hořava gravity for a spherically symmetric configuration with $λ=1$ exhibits an infinite set of solutions parametrized by a generic function $g^{2}(r)$ for the radial component of the shift vector. In the IR limit the infinite set of solutions corresponds to the invariance of General Relativity under a spacetime reparametrization. In general, not being a coordinate transformation, the symmetry in the action responsible for the infinite set of solutions does not have a clear physical interpretation. Indeed it is broken by the matter term in the action. We study the behavior of the solutions for generic values of the parameter $g^{2}(r)$.
description: References added
IIB by Wise Jester: what is it and why now?
Creators: name: Zaytseva, Anna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: humor
emerging jobs
complex systems
platform economy
distributed systems

description: A brief interactive presentation about IIB. IIB: https://intellectualandimmaterialbank.com/ Wise Jester: https://www.wisejester.org/
description: Founded by Innovation Norway.
Overview of CEI continuum
Creators: name: Rowan, Brendan
name: Kušíková, Zuzana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: CEI
subject: Ecosystem
subject: Digital spectrum
subject: Intelligent devices
subject: 5G
subject: Edge AI
subject: Distributed Computing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: MetaOS

description: This document provides an overview of the convergence of the technologies under the European Cloud-Edge-IoT Ecosystem and provides the overview of the meta-OS cluster of research and innovation projects.
Taxonomy of particles in Ising spin chains
Creators: name: Liu, Dan
name: Lu, Ping
name: Muller, Gerhard
name: Karbach, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical mechanics of particles with shapes on a one-dimensional lattice is investigated in the context of the $s=1$ Ising chain with uniform nearest-neighbor coupling, quadratic single-site potential, and magnetic field, which supports four distinct ground states: $|\uparrow\downarrow\uparrow\downarrow...>$, $|\circ\circ...>$, $|\uparrow\uparrow...>$, $|\uparrow\circ\uparrow\circ...>$. The complete spectrum is generated from each ground state by particles from a different set of six or seven species. Particles and elements of pseudo-vacuum are characterized by motifs (patterns of several consecutive site variables). Particles are floating objects that can be placed into open slots on the lattice. Open slots are recognized as permissible links between motifs. The energy of a particle varies between species but is independent of where it is placed. Placement of one particle changes the open-slot configuration for particles of all species. This statistical interaction is encoded in a generalized Pauli principle, from which the multiplicity of states for a given particle combination is determined and used for the exact statistical mechanical analysis. Particles from all species belong to one of four categories: compacts, hosts, tags, or hybrids. Compacts and hosts find open slots in segments of pseudo-vacuum. Tags find open slots inside hosts. Hybrids are tags with hosting capability. In the taxonomy of particles proposed here, `species' is indicative of structure and `category' indicative of function. The hosting function splits the Pauli principle into exclusion and accommodation parts. Near phase boundaries, the state of the Ising chain at low temperature is akin to that of miscible or immiscible liquids with particles from one species acting as surfactant molecules.
description: 12 pages, 6 tables, 6 figures
Transcriptional regulation of type 2 innate lymphoid cells by interleukin-7 receptor signaling
Creators: name: Lu, Julia Chi Lam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) are a rare population of innate immune cells that are part of the first line of defense against pathogens. These cells arise from the same lymphoid lineage that B cells, T cells, and NK cells belong to. Type 2 ILCs (ILC2s) are a subset of ILCs that reside in the lungs, mucosal layers, and skin, and have roles in clearing helminth infections, triggering allergic responses, and promoting lung tissue repair after Influenza infections. The function of these cells mirrors those of TH2 cells but lack the ability to recognize antigens. However, their full developmental background is still unknown. It is currently understood that ILC2s develop in the fetal liver and adult bone marrow from common lymphoid progenitors and differentiate into several intermediates before being classified as ILC2 progenitors (ILC2p). ILC2ps express interleukin-7 (IL-7) receptor with the aid of the transcription factor GATA3. Our lab has shown that IL-7 is a critical growth factor for ILC2 development as mutations to the IL-7 receptor showed a reduction in the ILC2 population and GATA-3 expression. Conversely, overexpression of IL-7 resulted in the expansion of the ILC2 population and elevated GATA-3 expression. I hypothesized that IL-7 transcriptionally regulates ILC2 maintenance and immune responses. Using qRT-PCR and high-parameter flow cytometry, I examined ILC2 development dependence on IL-7 and maternal IL-7 influence on offspring ILC2 populations. Through RNA sequencing, I identified the differences in the transcriptional landscapes regulated by IL-7 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP) in lung ILC2s. This body of work will not only increase our understanding of a rare but vital cell population, but also contribute novel targets in therapeutic strategies for allergic asthma and viral infections.
Block Copolymer at Nano-Patterned Surfaces
Creators: name: Man, Xingkun
name: Andelman, David
name: Orland, Henri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical calculations of lamellar phases of block copolymers at patterned surfaces. We model symmetric di-block copolymer films forming lamellar phases and the effect of geometrical and chemical surface patterning on the alignment and orientation of lamellar phases. The calculations are done within self-consistent field theory (SCFT), where the semi-implicit relaxation scheme is used to solve the diffusion equation. Two specific set-ups, motivated by recent experiments, are investigated. In the first, the film is placed on top of a surface imprinted with long chemical stripes. The stripes interact more favorably with one of the two blocks and induce a perpendicular orientation in a large range of system parameters. However, the system is found to be sensitive to its initial conditions, and sometimes gets trapped into a metastable mixed state composed of domains in parallel and perpendicular orientations. In a second set-up, we study the film structure and orientation when it is pressed against a hard grooved mold. The mold surface prefers one of the two components and this set-up is found to be superior for inducing a perfect perpendicular lamellar orientation for a wide range of system parameters.
Exoplanet Discovery and Characterisation with the Next Generation Transit Survey
Creators: name: Tilbrook, Rosanna H.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The breadth of parameter space spanned by the exoplanet population is vast and, as of yet, incomplete. In an effort to contribute new discoveries to the field, and to better-characterise the planets that are already known, an array of space and ground-based telescopes have been built in recent years. Amongst them is the Next Generation Transit Survey, or NGTS, a wide-field red-optimised facility based in the Paranal desert which aims to discover Neptune-sized planets around M and K dwarf hosts. In this thesis, I outline my work as part of the NGTS consortium. This includes my role in acquiring crucial follow-up transit data of 37 promising candidates at the South African Astronomical Observatory, the results of which have directly contributed to the confirmation of eight NGTS objects. In addition, I present new NGTS observations of the young, bright, multi-planet system AU Mic, and use Nested Sampling to produce a preliminary fit with TESS photometry. The resulting model is shown to be in accordance with recent literature, with the NGTS data poised to provide clarity on the much-disputed transit-timing-variations of AU Mic b. Next, I detail the analysis of four newly-discovered gas giants from NGTS, which are found to be typical hot Jupiters orbiting main-sequence G-type stars. These objects make a valuable contribution to the growing population of highly-irradiated gaseous planets which often exhibit inexplicably large radii. I then continue to explore this topic of hot Jupiter inflation, identifying a region of parameter space in which some planets appear to exhibit an additional expansion. I undertake a systematic evaluation of planets in this regime to verify this observation, which in turn leads to preliminary conclusions about the physics which may underpin it. The identification of a new subset of ‘over-inflated’ hot Jupiters lays the foundation for a multitude of future studies.
Revealing the footprints of squark gluino production through Higgs search experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at 7 TeV and 14 TeV
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Datta, Amitava
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The invariant mass distribution of the di-photons from the decay of the lighter scalar Higgs boson(h) to be carefully measured by dedicated h search experiments at the LHC may be distorted by the di-photons associated with the squark-gluino events with much larger cross sections in Gauge Mediated Supersymmetry Breaking (GMSB) models. This distortion if observed by the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider at 7 TeV or 14 TeV, would disfavour not only the standard model but various two Higgs doublet models with comparable h - masses and couplings but without a sector consisting of new heavy particles decaying into photons. The minimal GMSB (mGMSB) model constrained by the mass bound on h from LEP and that on the lightest neutralino from the Tevatron, produce negligible effects. But in the currently popular general GMSB(GGMSB) models the tail of the above distribution may show statistically significant excess of events even in the early stages of the LHC experiments with integrated luminosity insufficient for the discovery of h. We illustrate the above points by introducing several benchmark points in various GMSB models - minimal as well as non-minimal. The same conclusion follows from a detailed parameter scan in a simplified GGMSB model recently employed by the CMS collaboration to interpret their searches in the di-photon + $\etslash$ channel. Other observables like the effective mass distribution of the di-photon + X events may also reveal the presence of new heavy particles beyond the Higgs sector. The contamination of the h mass peak and simple remedies are also discussed.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, title and organization of the paper is changed, detailed parameter scan in a simplified GGMSB model is added, conclusions and old numerical results remain unchanged
Exact Solution of a Monomer-Dimer Problem: A Single Boundary Monomer on a Non-Bipartite Lattice
Creators: name: Wu, F. Y.
name: Tzeng, Wen-Jer
name: Izmailian, N. Sh.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We solve the monomer-dimer problem on a non-bipartite lattice, the simple quartic lattice with cylindrical boundary conditions, with a single monomer residing on the boundary. Due to the non-bipartite nature of the lattice, the well-known method of a Temperley bijection of solving single-monomer problems cannot be used. In this paper we derive the solution by mapping the problem onto one on close-packed dimers on a related lattice. Finite-size analysis of the solution is carried out. We find from asymptotic expansions of the free energy that the central charge in the logarithmic conformal field theory assumes the value $c=-2$.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, submitted to Phy. Rev. E; v2: revised Acknowledgments
Probing the Cosmological Constant and Phase Transitions with Dark Matter
Creators: name: Chung, Daniel J. H.
name: Long, Andrew J.
name: Wang, Lian-Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Standard Model and its extensions predict multiple phase transitions in the early universe. In addition to the electroweak phase transition, one or several of these could occur at energies close to the weak scale. Such phase transitions can leave their imprint on the relic abundance of TeV-scale dark matter. In this paper, we enumerate several physical features of a generic phase transition and parameterize the effect of each on the relic abundance. In particular, we include among these effects the presence of the scalar field vacuum energy and the cosmological constant, which is sensitive to UV physics. Within the context of the Standard Model Higgs sector, we find that the relic abundance of generic TeV-scale dark matter is affected by the vacuum energy at the order of a fraction of a percent. For scalar field sectors with strong first order phase transitions, an order one percent apparent tuning of coupling constants may allow corrections induced by the vacuum energy to be of order unity.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Pushing fillings in right-angled Artin groups
Creators: name: Abrams, Aaron
name: Brady, Noel
name: Dani, Pallavi
name: Duchin, Moon
name: Young, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65

description: We construct "pushing maps" on the cube complexes that model right-angled Artin groups (RAAGs) in order to study filling problems in certain subsets of these cube complexes. We use radial pushing to obtain upper bounds on higher divergence functions, finding that the k-dimensional divergence of a RAAG is bounded by r^{2k+2}. These divergence functions, previously defined for Hadamard manifolds to measure isoperimetric properties "at infinity," are defined here as a family of quasi-isometry invariants of groups; thus, these results give new information about the QI classification of RAAGs. By pushing along the height gradient, we also show that the k-th order Dehn function of a Bestvina-Brady group is bounded by V^{(2k+2)/k}. We construct a class of RAAGs called "orthoplex groups" which show that each of these upper bounds is sharp.
description: The result on the Dehn function at infinity in mapping class groups has been moved to the note "Filling loops at infinity in the mapping class group."
Additional file 2 of Association between breastfeeding and new mothers’ sleep: a unique Australian time use study
Creators: name: Smith, Julie P.
name: Forrester, Robert I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S3. Maternal weekly hours spent in unpaid childcare, personal care and free time activities, by detailed feeding group and by age of target infanta).
Dirac Gauginos, Negative Supertraces and Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Carpenter, Linda M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In an attempt to maximize General Gauge Mediated parameter space, I propose simple models in which gauginos and scalars are generated from disconnected mechanisms. In my models Dirac gauginos are generated through the supersoft mechanism, while independent R-symmetric scalar masses are generated through operators involving non-zero messenger supertrace. I propose several new methods for generating negative messenger supertraces which result in viable positive mass squareds for MSSM scalars. The resultant spectra are novel, compressed and may contain light fermionic SM adjoint fields.
description: 16 pages 3 figures
Discrete Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Odake, Satoru
name: Sasaki, Ryu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A comprehensive review of the discrete quantum mechanics with the pure imaginary shifts and the real shifts is presented in parallel with the corresponding results in the ordinary quantum mechanics. The main subjects to be covered are the factorised Hamiltonians, the general structure of the solution spaces of the Schroedinger equation (Crum's theorem and its modification), the shape invariance, the exact solvability in the Schroedinger picture as well as in the Heisenberg picture, the creation/annihilation operators and the dynamical symmetry algebras, the unified theory of exact and quasi-exact solvability based on the sinusoidal coordinates, the infinite families of new orthogonal (the exceptional) polynomials. Two new infinite families of orthogonal polynomials, the X_\ell Meixner-Pollaczek and the X_\ell Meixner polynomials are reported.
description: 61 pages, 1 figure. Comments and references added
title: Serum biomarkers confirming stable remission in inflammatory bowel disease
Creators: name: Kessel, Christoph Michael
name: Lavric, Miha
name: Weinhage, Toni
name: Brückner, Markus Georg
name: Roock, Sytze de
name: Däbritz, Jan
name: Weber, Jakob
name: Vastert, Sebastiaan J.
name: Föll, Dirk
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC) have a chronic-remittent course. Optimal management of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) relies on early intervention, treat-to-target strategies and a tight disease control. However, it is challenging to assess the risk of relapses in individual patients. We investigated blood-based biomarkers for the confirmation of disease remission in patients with IBD. We retrospectively analyzed samples of 40 IBD patients (30 UC, 10 CD) enrolled in a tight-control follow-up study. Half of the patients had a flare during follow up. Serum was analyzed for S100A12 as well as S100A8/A9 and for 50 further biomarkers in a bead-based multiplex assay. The concentrations of 9 cytokines/chemokines and S100A8/A9 significantly differed in IBD patients with unstable remission (before flares) when compared to IBD patients with stable remission. Although the number of patients was small, ROC curve analyses revealed a number of biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL13, IL-15, IL-21, IL-25, IFN-β, CXCL9, CXCL10, CXCL11, Galectin-1, G-CSF and S100A8/A9) that were elevated in patients with later occurring relapses. While earlier studies on peripheral biomarkers in IBD are limited to only few analytes, our study using a broad screening approach identified serum biomarkers with the potential to indicate unstable disease control in IBD, which may help to steer individual therapies to maintain remission.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Chemical Oscillations out of Chemical Noise
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
name: Rivera, Andres M.
name: Torres, Pedro J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dynamics of one species chemical kinetics is studied. Chemical reactions are modelled by means of continuous time Markov processes whose probability distribution obeys a suitable master equation. A large deviation theory is formally introduced, which allows developing a Hamiltonian dynamical system able to describe the system dynamics. Using this technique we are able to show that the intrinsic fluctuations, originated in the discrete character of the reagents, may sustain oscillations and chaotic trajectories which are impossible when these fluctuations are disregarded. An important point is that oscillations and chaos appear in systems whose mean-field dynamics has too low a dimensionality for showing such a behavior. In this sense these phenomena are purely induced by noise, which does not limit itself to shifting a bifurcation threshold. On the other hand, they are large deviations of a short transient nature which typically only appear after long waiting times. We also discuss the implications of our results in understanding extinction events in population dynamics models expressed by means of stoichiometric relations.
Unveiling the structural mechanisms of the Okazaki fragment processing pathway
Creators: name: Blair, Kerry
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and the proteins with which it interacts are vital in replicating genomic DNA and maintaining genomic integrity during DNA replication and repair. PCNA is the eukaryotic sliding clamp (a processivity promoting factor) that has critical roles in DNA replication and promoting tolerance of DNA damage specifically through its involvement in Okazaki fragment maturation as well as translesion synthesis (TLS) and chromatin assembly1,2. If these pathways are dysregulated, then mutations arise that can contribute to carcinogenesis. Targeting of some elements of Okazaki fragment maturation is a viable strategy to treat certain cancers3. Pol 𝛿, flap endonuclease I (FEN1) and ligase I - the proteins involved in Okazaki fragment maturation in humans - all form a variety of complexes with PCNA. To date there is limited information available on the structures involved in Okazaki fragment maturation in humans. Using cryo-EM, the structures of FEN1 and PCNA in complex with two different DNA substrates (a flap substrate and a nick substrate) have been elucidated. The structure of the ligase holoenzyme has been elucidated allowing identification of a novel binding site consisting of a PIP box in the DNA binding domain (DBD) of ligase I. The structure of the ligase - FEN1 toolbelt has also been elucidated demonstrating the presence of both ligase and FEN1 on PCNA simultaneously. These structures along with the previously published Pol 𝛿 holoenzyme and Pol 𝛿 and FEN1 toolbelt4 represent all the steps of Okazaki fragment maturation and allow a stepwise mechanism to be predicted.
Additional file 1 of The intranasal dexmedetomidine plus ketamine for procedural sedation in children, adaptive randomized controlled non-inferiority multicenter trial (Ketodex): a statistical analysis plan
Creators: name: Heath, Anna
name: Rios, Juan David
name: Pullenayegum, Eleanor
name: Pechlivanoglou, Petros
name: Offringa, Martin
name: Yaskina, Maryna
name: Watts, Rick
name: Rimmer, Shana
name: Klassen, Terry P.
name: Kamary Coriolano
name: Poonai, Naveen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of Protein disulfide isomerase-mediated S-nitrosylation facilitates surface expression of P2X7 receptor following status epilepticus
Creators: name: Duk-Shin Lee
name: Kim, Ji-Eun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
The X-ray edge singularity in Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Heyl, Markus
name: Kehrein, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the X-ray edge singularity problem realized in noninteracting quantum dots. We analytically calculate the exponent of the singularity in the absorption spectrum near the threshold and extend known analytical results to the whole parameter regime of local level detunings. Additionally, we highlight the connections to work distributions and to the Loschmidt echo.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures; version as published
Design and analysis of computer experiments : large datasets and multi-model ensembles
Creators: name: Isberg, Sonja
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Computer models are used as replacements for physical experiments in a wide variety of applications. Nevertheless, direct use of the computer model for the ultimate scientific objective is often limited by the complexity and cost of the model. Historically, Gaussian process (GP) regression has proven to be the almost ubiquitous choice for a fast statistical emulator for such a computer model, due to its flexible form and analytical expressions for predictive uncertainty. In the first part of this dissertation, we consider complications that arise when the design is moderate to large. Fitting a GP regression can be computationally intractable for even moderate designs, due to computing time increasing with the cube of the design size. We propose a new solution to this problem: adaptive design and analysis via partitioning trees (ADAPT). By taking a data-adaptive approach to the development of a design, and choosing to partition the space in the regions of highest variability, we obtain a higher density of points in these regions and hence accurate prediction for complex computer models. Next, we consider the scenario where multiple computer models are available for predicting the same physical process—known as multi-model ensembles (MMEs). Such ensembles are common in many applications, such as climate modelling and weather prediction. We present a new statistical methodology for combining output from such models to best describe the underlying physical process, using field data to estimate the weights assigned to each model. The methodology allows us to make predictions with appropriate measures of uncertainty. Additionally, the weights are allowed to vary with the inputs and thus represent the changing relative importance between the computer models throughout the input space. The methodology is applied to ice sheet models for the deglaciation of North America. Finally, we address several considerations that arise when the MME field data are binary. A new MME model formulation is presented, and applied to ice absence/presence data in the deglaciation application. In summary, this dissertation presents new methods for two scenarios prevalent in the design and analysis of computer experiments: large designs, and the presence of multiple computer models.
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 25 (35)]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1538
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Es handelt sich um eine Investitur.
Additional file 1 of Association between breastfeeding and new mothers’ sleep: a unique Australian time use study
Creators: name: Smith, Julie P.
name: Forrester, Robert I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S2. Maternal weekly hours spent in unpaid childcare and other domestic work, personal care and free time activities, by no or any breastfeeding and by age of target infanta)
Local Empathy provides Global Minimization of Congestion in Communication Networks
Creators: name: Meloni, Sandro
name: Gómez-Gardeñes, Jesús
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel mechanism to avoid congestion in complex networks based on local knowledge of traffic conditions and the ability of routers to self-coordinate their dynamical behavior. In particular, routers make use of local information about traffic conditions to either reject or accept information packets from their neighbors. We show that when nodes are only aware of their own congestion state they self-organize into a hierarchical configuration that delays remarkably the onset of congestion although, leading to a sharp first-order like congestion transition. We also consider the case when nodes are aware of the congestion state of their neighbors. In this case, we show that empathy between nodes is strongly beneficial to the overall performance of the system and it is possible to achieve larger values for the critical load together with a smooth, second-order like, transition. Finally, we show how local empathy minimize the impact of congestion as much as global minimization. Therefore, here we present an outstanding example of how local dynamical rules can optimize the system's functioning up to the levels reached using global knowledge.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The interactions of invasive bacteria with tissue-resident macrophages
Creators: name: Hames, Ryan G.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Invasive bacteria are likely to encounter macrophages during their course of pathogenesis, especially if infection progresses to disease. The study of these interactions is crucial for our understanding of pathogenesis and the identification of therapeutic strategies to combat infection. In this thesis, I utilise a number of models to study and gain insight into these interactions. I demonstrate that hypervirulent strains of Klesbsiella pneumoniae (Kp) replicate within hepatic Kupffer cells (KCs) and confirm that replication is intracellular by utilising a modified gentamicin-protection assay on isolated murine KCs. I show that this replication precedes an influx of neutrophils which subsequently aggregate to form clusters that could develop into pyogenic liver abscesses characteristic of these Kp strains. Utilising an in vivo mouse model of invasive pneumococcal disease with infection occurring during the active or rest phase, I demonstrate that differential susceptibility of mice to Streptococcus pneumoniae infection is dependent on a diurnal phenotype within splenic marginal zone macrophages (MMMs). MMMs harbour a differential permissiveness to intracellular pneumococcal replication, with increased permissiveness during the active phase resulting in higher splenic bacterial burden, earlier and more pronounced release of intracellular bacteria into the systemic circulation, and higher levels of systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines. Finally, I utilise an ex vivo human spleen perfusion model to study the localisation of S. pneumoniae with human tissue-resident macrophages. I find that the majority of bacteria are associated with red pulp macrophages (RPMs), with an extremely low number localising with capillary sheath-associated macrophages (CSAMs). Interestingly, I also record an increase in the abundance of pneumococci within RPMs and perifollicular CSAMs, indicating potential replication within human splenic macrophages as observed within murine splenic macrophages. Taken together, my results emphasise the importance of the study of bacteria-macrophage interactions, especially for the identification of novel therapeutic interventions.
Full and convex linear subcategories are incompressible
Creators: name: Cibils, Claude
name: Redondo, Maria Julia
name: Solotar, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16W50, 18G55, 55Q05, 16B50

description: Consider the intrinsic fundamental group à la Grothendieck of a linear category using connected gradings. In this article we prove that any full convex subcategory is incompressible, in the sense that the group map between the corresponding fundamental groups is injective. We start by proving the functoriality of the intrinsic fundamental group with respect to full subcategories, based on the study of the restriction of connected gradings.
description: To appear in Proc. Amer. Math. Soc
Normal subgroups in the Cremona group (long version)
Creators: name: Cantat, Serge
name: Lamy, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let k be an algebraically closed field. We show that the Cremona group of all birational transformations of the projective plane P^2 over k is not a simple group. The strategy makes use of hyperbolic geometry, geometric group theory, and algebraic geometry to produce elements in the Cremona group that generate non trivial normal subgroups.
description: With an appendix by Yves de Cornulier. Numerous but minors corrections were made, regarding proofs, references and terminology. This long version contains detailled proofs of several technical lemmas about hyperbolic spaces
The "Genomic Data Infrastructure" project realizes a million human genomes dream
Creators: name: Hooft, Rob
name: Belien, Jeroen
name: Kok, Ruben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In 2018 a number of European counties started an initiative together to unlock 1 million European human genomes for research, by 2023. This initiative, which came to be called 1+MG for “one million and more genomes” has since been extended with other countries, and country representatives regularly meet to plan realization of this goal. Two European projects have been launched to help: a coordination and support action called B1MG (beyond one million genomes) [2] that is coming to an end in 2023, and an implementation project under the Digital Europe programme called GDI, the “Genomic Data Infrastructure”, which started end of 2022 and will run for 4 years. Health-RI is one of the largest beneficiaries of that project and will work on the Dutch implementation of the infrastructure. This presentation covers the current state of our efforts in the GDI project, and the comparison with the Health-RI infrastructure as a whole.
Hydrodynamical Neutron Star Kicks in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Wongwathanarat, A.
name: Janka, H. -Th.
name: Mueller, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using three-dimensional (3D) simulations of neutrino-powered supernova explosions we show that the hydrodynamical kick scenario proposed by Scheck et al. on the basis of two-dimensional (2D) models can yield large neutron star (NS) recoil velocities also in 3D. Although the shock stays relatively spherical, standing accretion-shock and convective instabilities lead to a globally asymmetric mass and energy distribution in the postshock layer. An anisotropic momentum distribution of the ejecta is built up only after the explosion sets in. Total momentum conservation implies the acceleration of the NS on a timescale of 1-3 seconds, mediated mainly by long-lasting, asymmetric accretion downdrafts and the anisotropic gravitational pull of large inhomogeneities in the ejecta. In a limited set of 15 solar-mass models with an explosion energy of about 10^51 erg this stochastic mechanism is found to produce kicks from <100 km/s to >500 km/s, and >1000 km/s seem possible. Strong rotational flows around the accreting NS do not develop in our collapsing, non-rotating progenitors. The NS spins therefore remain low with estimated periods of about 500-1000 ms and no alignment with the kicks.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures with 5 eps files; revised version with minor changes in Sect.5; accepted by ApJ Letters
[Halle (Saale), Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt, Morbio 25 (18)]
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 1533
Subjects: subject: Sonstige weltliche Aussteller
subject: Notarsurkunde
subject: Urkunde
subject: 090

description: Es handelt sich um eine Obligatio.
Electron-hole pairs during the adsorption dynamics of O2 on Pd(100) - Exciting or not?
Creators: name: Meyer, Jörg
name: Reuter, Karsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the exothermic adsorption of molecules at solid surfaces dissipation of the released energy occurs via the excitation of electronic and phononic degrees of freedom. For metallic substrates the role of the nonadiabatic electronic excitation channel has been controversially discussed, as the absence of a band gap could favour an easy coupling to a manifold of electronhole pairs of arbitrarily low energies. We analyse this situation for the highly exothermic showcase system of molecular oxygen dissociating at Pd(100), using time-dependent perturbation theory applied to first-principles electronic-structure calculations. For a range of different trajectories of impinging O2 molecules we compute largely varying electron-hole pair spectra, which underlines the necessity to consider the high-dimensionality of the surface dynamical process when assessing the total energy loss into this dissipation channel. Despite the high Pd density of states at the Fermi level, the concomitant non-adiabatic energy losses nevertheless never exceed about 5% of the available chemisorption energy. While this supports an electronically adiabatic description of the predominant heat dissipation into the phononic system, we critically discuss the non-adiabatic excitations in the context of the O2 spin transition during the dissociation process.
description: 20 pages including 7 figures; related publications can be found at http://www.fhi-berlin.mpg.de/th/th.html [added two references, changed V_{fsa} to V_{6D}, modified a few formulations in interpretation of spin asymmetry of eh-spectra, added missing equals sign in Eg.(2.10)]
Mathematical Constraint on Functions with Continuous Second Partial Derivatives
Creators: name: Franson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new integral identity for functions with continuous second partial derivatives is derived. It is shown that the value of any function f(r,t) at position r and time t is completely determined by its previous values at all other locations r' and retarded times t'
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Optimally Dense Packings for Fully Asymptotic Coxeter Tilings by Horoballs of Different Types
Creators: name: Kozma, Robert Thijs
name: Szirmai, Jenő
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C17, 52C22, 52B15

description: The goal of this paper to determine the optimal horoball packing arrangements and their densities for all four fully asymptotic Coxeter tilings (Coxeter honeycombs) in hyperbolic 3-space $\mathbb{H}^3$. Centers of horoballs are required to lie at vertices of the regular polyhedral cells constituting the tiling. We allow horoballs of different types at the various vertices. Our results are derived through a generalization of the projective methodology for hyperbolic spaces. The main result states that the known Böröczky--Florian density upper bound for "congruent horoball" packings of $\mathbb{H}^3$ remains valid for the class of fully asymptotic Coxeter tilings, even if packing conditions are relaxed by allowing for horoballs of different types under prescribed symmetry groups. The consequences of this remarkable result are discussed for various Coxeter tilings.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures
Light-like polygonal Wilson loops in 3d Chern-Simons and ABJM theory
Creators: name: Henn, Johannes M.
name: Plefka, Jan
name: Wiegandt, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study light-like polygonal Wilson loops in three-dimensional Chern-Simons and ABJM theory to two-loop order. For both theories we demonstrate that the one-loop contribution to these correlators cancels. For pure Chern-Simons, we find that specific UV divergences arise from diagrams involving two cusps, implying the loss of finiteness and topological invariance at two-loop order. Studying those UV divergences we derive anomalous conformal Ward identities for n-cusped Wilson loops which restrict the finite part of the latter to conformally invariant functions. We also compute the four-cusp Wilson loop in ABJM theory to two-loop order and find that the result is remarkably similar to that of the corresponding Wilson loop in N=4 SYM. Finally, we speculate about the existence of a Wilson loop/scattering amplitude relation in ABJM theory.
description: 37 pages, many figures; v2: references added, minor changes; v3: references added, sign error fixed and note added
Additional file 1 of Targeting the IL-5 pathway in eosinophilic asthma: a comparison of mepolizumab to benralizumab in the reduction of peripheral eosinophil counts
Creators: name: Ghassemian, Arian
name: Park, Jane Jiyoon
name: Tsoulis, Michael W.
name: Kim, Harold
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Comparison of patients who switched from mepolizumab to benralizumab versus patients on mepolizumab who did not switch.
Singularities of equidistants and global centre symmetry sets of Lagrangian submanifolds
Creators: name: Domitrz, Wojciech
name: Rios, P. de M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We define the Global Centre Symmetry set (GCS) of a smooth closed m-dimensional submanifold M of R^n, $n \leq 2m$, which is an affinely invariant generalization of the centre of a k-sphere in R^{k+1}. The GCS includes both the centre symmetry set defined by Janeczko and the Wigner caustic defined by Berry. We develop a new method for studying generic singularities of the GCS which is suited to the case when M is lagrangian in R^{2m} with canonical symplectic form. The definition of the GCS, which slightly generalizes one by Giblin and Zakalyukin, is based on the notion of affine equidistants, so, we first study singularities of affine equidistants of Lagrangian submanifolds, classifying all the stable ones. Then, we classify the affine-Lagrangian stable singularities of the GCS of Lagrangian submanifolds and show that, already for smooth closed convex curves in R^2, many singularities of the GCS which are affine stable are not affine-Lagrangian stable.
description: 26 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 3 of Association between breastfeeding and new mothers’ sleep: a unique Australian time use study
Creators: name: Smith, Julie P.
name: Forrester, Robert I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S4. Maternal weekly hours spent in other unpaid worka).