cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of Intergroup Interactions on Polarization
Creators: name: Chaturvedi, Rochana
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Polarization is an important driver of conflict and social unrest. Existing research suggests that social media platforms such as Twitter may have become more polarized over time. This necessitates the need to systematically understand the temporal trends in polarization and examine the effect of interventions, such as intergroup contact, to mitigate it. One of the main challenges towards this goal is conceptualizing and estimating polarization. Towards this, we introduce a new measure for an individual's group conformity (and polarization) based on contextualized embeddings of the tweet text that can meaningfully capture different dimensions of linguistic polarization. We focus on religious polarization in the South Asian context— where religion is a salient social division. We use character-sequence-based machine learning models to infer the religious identities of nearly 700,000 Indian Twitter users engaging in COVID-19-related discourse during 2020. We then use a meta-learning framework to examine the effect of intergroup interactions on polarization. While exposure to diverse viewpoints may reduce polarization, it can also have a backfire effect and exacerbate polarization when the discussion is adversarial. We investigate the heterogeneities in the treatment effect on an individual's group conformity in light of communal, political, and socio-economic events and find that while intergroup interactions reduce polarization in general, the effects are sensitive to the context. Our findings have important implications for understanding the dynamics of religious polarization, especially under the influence of intergroup interactions, and can help inform policies to mitigate it and foster healthier social media ecosystems.
Configuration entropy in the soft wall AdS/QCD model and the Wien law
Creators: name: Braga, Nelson R. F.
name: Junqueira, Octavio C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The soft wall AdS/QCD holographic model provides simple estimates for the spectra of light mesons and glueballs satisfying linear Regge trajectories. It is also an interesting tool to represent the confinement/deconfinement transition of a gauge theory, that is pictured as a Hawking-Page transition from a dual geometry with no horizon to a black hole space. A very interesting tool to analyze stability of general physical systems that are localized in space is the configuration (or complexity) entropy (CE). This quantity, inspired in Shannon information entropy, is defined in terms of the energy density of the system in momentum space. The purpose of this work is to use the CE to investigate the stability of the soft wall background as a function of the temperature. A nontrivial aspect is that the geometry is an anti-de Sitter black hole, that has a singular energy density. In order to make it possible to calculate the CE, we first propose a regularized form for the black hole energy density. Then, calculating the CE, it is observed that its behavior is consistently related to the black hole instability in anti-de Sitter space. Another interesting result that emerges from this analysis is that the regularized energy density shows a behavior similar to the Wien law, satisfied by black body radiation. That means: the momentum $ k_{max} $ where the energy density is maximum, varies with the temperature $T$ obeying the relation: $ T / k_{max} = constant $ in the deconfined phase.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Phosphorylation-dependent BRD4 dimerization and implications for therapeutic inhibition of BET family proteins.
Creators: name: Malvezzi, Francesca
name: Stubbs, Christopher J
name: Jowitt, Thomas A
name: Dale, Ian L
name: Guo, Xieyang
name: DeGnore, Jon P
name: Degliesposti, Gianluca
name: Skehel, J Mark
name: Bannister, Andrew
name: McAlister, Mark S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/57
/631/535
/631/57/2272/2276
/9
/14/33
/82/16
/82/29
/82/58
/82/83
article

description: Funder: AstraZeneca; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/100004325
description: Funder: AstraZeneca postdoc fund
description: Bromodomain-containing protein 4 (BRD4) is an epigenetic reader and oncology drug target that regulates gene transcription through binding to acetylated chromatin via bromodomains. Phosphorylation by casein kinase II (CK2) regulates BRD4 function, is necessary for active transcription and is involved in resistance to BRD4 drug inhibition in triple-negative breast cancer. Here, we provide the first biophysical analysis of BRD4 phospho-regulation. Using integrative structural biology, we show that phosphorylation by CK2 modulates the dimerization of human BRD4. We identify two conserved regions, a coiled-coil motif and the Basic-residue enriched Interaction Domain (BID), essential for the BRD4 structural rearrangement, which we term the phosphorylation-dependent dimerization domain (PDD). Finally, we demonstrate that bivalent inhibitors induce a conformational change within BRD4 dimers in vitro and in cancer cells. Our results enable the proposal of a model for BRD4 activation critical for the characterization of its protein-protein interaction network and for the development of more specific therapeutics.
Self-doping instability of the Wigner-Mott insulator
Creators: name: Pankov, S.
name: Dobrosavljevic, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theory describing the mechanism for the two-dimensional (2D) metal-insulator transition (MIT) in absence of disorder. A two-band Hubbard model is introduced, describing vacancy-interstitial pair excitations within the Wigner crystal. Kinetic energy gained by delocalizing such excitations is found to lead to an instability of the insulator to self-doping above a critical carrier concentration $n=n_c$, mapping the problem to a density-driven Mott MIT. This mechanism provides a natural microscopic picture of several puzzling experimental features, including the large effective mass enhancement, the large resistivity drop, and the large positive magneto-resistance on the metallic side of the transition. We also present a global phase diagram for the clean 2D electron gas as a function of $n$ and parallel magnetic field $B_{\shortparallel}$, which agrees well with experimental findings in ultra clean samples.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
Realization of a feedback controlled flashing ratchet
Creators: name: Lopez, Benjamin J.
name: Kuwada, Nathan J.
name: Craig, Erin M.
name: Long, Brian R.
name: Linke, Heiner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A flashing ratchet transports diffusive particles using a time-dependent, asymmetric potential. Particle speed is predicted to increase when a feedback algorithm based on particle positions is used. We have experimentally realized such a feedback ratchet using an optical line trap, and observed that use of feedback increases velocity by up to an order of magnitude. We compare two different feedback algorithms for small particle numbers, and find good agreement with simulations. We also find that existing algorithms can be improved to be more tolerant to feedback delay times.
Particle Generative Adversarial Networks for full-event simulation at the LHC and their application to pileup description
Creators: name: Arjona Martínez, Jesus
name: Nguyen, Thong Q
name: Pierini, Maurizio
name: Spiropulu, Maria
name: Vlimant, Jean-Roch
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Paper

description: Abstract We investigate how a Generative Adversarial Network could be used to generate a list of particle four-momenta from LHC proton collisions, allowing one to define a generative model that could abstract from the irregularities of typical detector geometries. As an example of application, we show how such an architecture could be used as a generator of LHC parasitic collisions (pileup). We present two approaches to generate the events: unconditional generator and generator conditioned on missing transverse energy. We assess generation performances in a realistic LHC data-analysis environment, with a pileup mitigation algorithm applied.
Intersection numbers from the antisymmetric Gaussian matrix model
Creators: name: Brezin, Edouard
name: Hikami, Shinobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 30F20

description: The matrix model of topological field theory for the moduli space of p-th spin curves is extended to the case of the Lie algebra of the orthogonal group. We derive a new duality relation for the expectation values of characteristic polynomials in the antisymmetric Gaussian matrix model with an external matrix source. The intersection numbers for non-orientable surfaces of spin curves with k marked points are obtained from the Fourier transform of the k-point correlation functions at the critical point where the gap is closing.
description: 20 pages
Elastic Properties of Carbon nanotubes : An atomistic approach
Creators: name: Cherian, Roby
name: Mahadevan, Priya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetically the single sheet of graphite (graphene) is more stable than the nanotube. The energy difference between the two systems can be directly related to the strain energy involved in rolling up the graphene sheet to form the nanotube. We have carried out first principle electronic structure calculations and evaluated the strain energy as a function of the nanotube radius. The dependence of the strain energy on the diameter of the nanotube has been found by several groups to be welldescribed by a continuum elasticity model. We attempt to examine why this is the case and show where atomistics enter the description.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Architectures for a quantum random access memory
Creators: name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Lloyd, Seth
name: Maccone, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A random access memory, or RAM, is a device that, when interrogated, returns the content of a memory location in a memory array. A quantum RAM, or qRAM, allows one to access superpositions of memory sites, which may contain either quantum or classical information. RAMs and qRAMs with n-bit addresses can access 2^n memory sites. Any design for a RAM or qRAM then requires O(2^n) two-bit logic gates. At first sight this requirement might seem to make large scale quantum versions of such devices impractical, due to the difficulty of constructing and operating coherent devices with large numbers of quantum logic gates. Here we analyze two different RAM architectures (the conventional fanout and the "bucket brigade") and propose some proof-of-principle implementations which show that in principle only O(n) two-qubit physical interactions need take place during each qRAM call. That is, although a qRAM needs O(2^n) quantum logic gates, only O(n) need to be activated during a memory call. The resulting decrease in resources could give rise to the construction of large qRAMs that could operate without the need for extensive quantum error correction.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Updated version includes the answers to the Referee
The Role of Interpersonal Racism Experiences on Adolescent Oral Health
Creators: name: Pulli, Alexa Paige
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Although access to oral healthcare services has improved for children and adolescents across the United States in recent years, inequities in oral health outcomes persist. Several oral health inequities are rooted in structures of racism, which manifest as disparities in socioeconomic status, educational attainment, and physical and mental health. Individuals of racial/ethnic minority groups experience oral health disparities on a larger scale. Racial discrimination has a significant impact on oral health, and patient reported experiences with discrimination have been found to correlate with inequitable access to oral health services.
There is a gap in knowledge regarding the relationship between adolescent experiences with racism and their oral health-related behaviors and outcomes. Lifetime oral health habits are often formed during the adolescent years; therefore, it is vital that research is conducted to evaluate the impact of various factors, including racial discrimination, on oral health in this population and ways in which access, education, and comfort can be improved. In other populations discussed in literature, the relationship between racism and oral health is presented as being multifactorial and has shown that inequitable access to oral health services and psychological stress impacts oral health behaviors and clinical outcomes. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate adolescent patients’ (ages 11 to 17 years) experiences with interpersonal racism (IPR) and its potential relationship to their oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) and behaviors.
In this study, adolescent patients who reported experiences with IPR did not have decreased oral health-related quality of life when compared to adolescent patients who did not report experiences with IPR. Additionally, adolescent patients who reported experiences with IPR did not have increased oral health risk-related behaviors when compared to patients who did not report experiences with IPR. However, patients who did not report experiences with institutional discrimination on the Adolescent Discrimination Distress Index (ADDI) had statistically significant better OHRQoL. Furthermore, higher scores on the ADDI were found to correlate with brushing less than two times per day. There is a need for further research to assess the relationship between interpersonal racism and oral health in the adolescent population in order to eliminate existing significant disparities and to improve oral health outcomes.
Decoy Effect and Student Preference with regard to USB Flash Drives
Creators: name: Alcaide, Mark Angelo R.
name: Arapoc, Jefferson A.
name: Alcaide, Mark Angelo R.
name: Arapoc, Jefferson A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Standard economic theory assumes that individuals make decisions that are consistent across different choice situations. Behavioral economics challenges the standard economic theory account of individual behavior. This budding field suggests that consumer preference for one option over another changes as a result of adding another option. This study aims to determine the effect of a decoy option on consumer preference for USB flash drives. A quasi-experiment was conducted among 100 UPLB students wherein each respondent was initially asked to choose between two kinds of flash drive. The researcher then adds a decoy option to test if the respondent will change his initial preference. To investigate whether a decoy option causes preference reversal, Independence of Irrelevant Alternatives was verified through Hausman specification test. Results show that the introduction of a decoy option results in inconsistencies in the choice of several respondents. This implies that the standard economic theory account of individual behavior may not always hold given that consumer’s preferences are based on what is on offer rather than on absolute preferences.
FOSTERING KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT THROUGH CURRICULUM IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIAN TEACHER EDUCATION PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Grace, O. Adama
name: Chika, E. Nwankwo
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Curriculum Implementation, Knowledge Management, Teacher Education

description: The study investigated curriculum implementation and knowledge management in Nigerian teacher education process. The objective was to determine the extent of knowledge management in teacher education process in Nigeria. Two research questions were answered and one hypothesis tested. The study adopted descriptive survey design with a population of 226 lecturers in the Faculty of Education, Prince Abubakar Audu University, Anyigba, Kogi State and Rivers State University, Port Harcourt. A sample size of 80 lecturers was drawn using the proportionate stratified random sampling technique. The instrument for data collection was an 18- item questionnaire validated by three experts and it gave a reliability coefficient of 0.72 which was obtained using Cronbach Alpha method. The data collected was analyzed with mean and standard deviation and z-test for the hypothesis. The findings showed adequate management support for lecturers in North Central and inadequate management support for lecturers in the South-South and it was also revealed that there was poor provision of resources as perceived by male and female lecturers in teacher education process in Nigeria. It was then concluded that more work was required to boost management support for curriculum implementation in teacher education process, especially, in the South-South Nigeria
A Missense Variant in the Bardet-Biedl Syndrome 2 Gene (BBS2) Leads to a Novel Syndromic Retinal Degeneration in the Shetland Sheepdog.
Creators: name: Hitti-Malin, Rebekkah J
name: Burmeister, Louise
name: Lingaas, Frode
name: Kaukonen, Maria
name: Pettinen, Inka
name: Lohi, Hannes
name: Sargan, David
name: Mellersh, Cathryn S
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: canine
PRA
retinal degeneration
BBS
BBS2
syndromic

description: Canine progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) describes a group of hereditary diseases characterized by photoreceptor cell death in the retina, leading to visual impairment. Despite the identification of multiple PRA-causing variants, extensive heterogeneity of PRA is observed across and within dog breeds, with many still genetically unsolved. This study sought to elucidate the causal variant for a distinct form of PRA in the Shetland sheepdog, using a whole-genome sequencing approach. Filtering variants from a single PRA-affected Shetland sheepdog genome compared to 176 genomes of other breeds identified a single nucleotide variant in exon 11 of the Bardet-Biedl syndrome-2 gene (BBS2) (c.1222G>C; p.Ala408Pro). Genotyping 1386 canids of 155 dog breeds, 15 cross breeds and 8 wolves indicated the c.1222G>C variant was only segregated within Shetland sheepdogs. Out of 505 Shetland sheepdogs, seven were homozygous for the variant. Clinical history and photographs for three homozygotes indicated the presence of a novel phenotype. In addition to PRA, additional clinical features in homozygous dogs support the discovery of a novel syndromic PRA in the breed. The development and utilization of a diagnostic DNA test aim to prevent the mutation from becoming more prevalent in the breed.
The Macro Model of the Inequality Process and The Surging Relative Frequency of Large Wage Incomes
Creators: name: Angle, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a model of the dynamics of the wage income distribution.
description: 26 pages, 21 eps figures, Springer style; to be published in Econophysics of Markets and Business Networks, [Proc. Econophys-Kolkata III], Eds. A. Chatterjee, B.K. Chakrabarti, New Economic Windows Series, Springer, Milan, 2007, pp. 171-196
XMM observation of 1RXS J180431.1-273932: a new M-type X-ray binary with a 494 s-pulse period neutron star?
Creators: name: Nucita, A. A.
name: Carpano, S.
name: Guainazzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-mass X-ray binaries are binary systems composed of a compact object and a low-mass star. Recently, a new class of these systems, known as symbiotic $X$-ray binaries (with a neutron star with a M-type giant companion), has been discovered. Here, we present long-duration ${\it XMM}$ observations of the source 1RXS J180431.1-273932. Temporal and spectral analysis of the source was performed along with a search for an optical counterpart. We used a Lomb-Scargle periodogram analysis for the period search and evaluated the confidence level using Monte-Carlo simulations. The source is characterized by regular pulses so that it is most likely a neutron star. A modulation of $494.1\pm0.2$ s (3$σ$ error) was found with a confidence level of $>$99%. Evidence of variability is also present, since the data show a rate of change in the signal of $\sim -7.7\times 10^{-4}$ counts s$^{-1}$ hr$^{-1}$. A longer observation will be necessary in order to determine if the source shows any periodic behavior. The spectrum can be described by a power law with photon index $Γ\sim 1$ and a Gaussian line at 6.6 keV. The X-ray flux in the 0.2--10 keV energy band is $5.4\times 10^{-12}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$. The identification of an optical counterpart (possibly an M6III red-giant star with an apparent visual magnitude of $\simeq 17.6$) allows a conservative distance of $\sim 10$ kpc to be estimated. Other possibilities are also discussed. Once the distance was estimated, we got an $X$-ray luminosity of $L_X\ut<6\times 10^{34}$ erg s$^{-1}$, which is consistent with the typical $X$-ray luminosity of a symbiotic LMXB system.
description: in press on A&A
The Farey Sequence and the Mertens Function
Creators: name: Cox, Darrell
name: Ghosh, Sourangshu
name: Sultanow, Eldar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B57, 11A25 (Primary) 11M26 (Secondary)

description: Franel and Landau derived an arithmetic statement involving the Farey sequence that is equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis. Since there is a relationship between the Mertens function and the Riemann hypothesis, there should be a relationship between the Mertens function and the Farey sequence. Functions of subsets of the fractions in Farey sequences that are analogous to the Mertens function are introduced. Mikolas proved that the sum of certain Mertens function values is 1. Results analogous to Mikolas theorem are the defining property of these functions. A relationship between the Farey sequence and the Riemann hypothesis other than the Franel-Landau theorem is postulated. This conjecture involves a theorem of Mertens and the second Chebyshev function.
description: 9 Pages, 4 Figures, 8 References
Late-Type Red Supergiants: Too Cool for the Magellanic Clouds?
Creators: name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Massey, Philip
name: Olsen, K. A. G.
name: Plez, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have identified seven red supergiants (RSGs) in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) and four RSGs in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), all of which have spectral types that are considerably later than the average type observed in their parent galaxy. Using moderate-resolution optical spectrophotometry and the MARCS stellar atmosphere models, we determine their physical properties and place them on the H-R diagram for comparison with the predictions of current stellar evolutionary tracks. The radial velocities of these stars suggest that they are likely all members of the Clouds rather than foreground dwarfs or halo giants. Their locations in the H-R diagram also show us that those stars are cooler than the current evolutionary tracks allow, appearing to the right of the Hayashi limit, a region in which stars are no longer in hydrodynamic equilibrium. These stars exhibit considerable variability in their V magnitudes, and three of these stars also show changes in their effective temperatures (and spectral types) on the time-scales of months. One of these stars, [M2002] SMC 055188, was caught in an M4.5 I state, as late as that seen in HV 11423 at its recent extreme: considerable later, and cooler, than any other supergiant in the SMC. In addition, we find evidence of variable extinction due to circumstellar dust and changes in the stars' luminosities, also consistent with our recent findings for HV 11423 - when these stars are hotter they are also dustier and more luminous. We suggest that these stars have unusual properties because they are in an unstable (and short-lived) evolutionary phase.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures; submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Fine structure of second-harmonic resonances in χ^{(2)} optical microresonators
Creators: name: Szabados, Jan
name: Amiune, Nicolás
name: Sturman, Boris
name: Breunig, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to the discrete frequency spectrum of whispering gallery resonators (WGRs), the resonance and phase-matching conditions for the interacting waves in the case of second-harmonic generation (SHG) cannot generally be fulfilled simultaneously. To account for this, we develop a model describing SHG in WGRs with non-zero frequency detunings at both the pump and second-harmonic frequencies. Our model predicts strong distortions of the line shape of pump and second-harmonic resonances for similar linewidths at both frequencies; for much larger linewidths at the second-harmonic frequency, this behavior is absent. Furthermore, it describes the SHG efficiency as a function of detuning. Experimentally, one can change the WGR eigenfrequencies, and thus the relative detuning between pump and second-harmonic waves by a number of means, for example electro-optically and thermally. Using a lithium niobate WGR, we show an excellent quantitative agreement for the SHG efficiency between our experimental results and the model. Also, we show the predicted distortions of the pump and second-harmonic resonances to be absent in the lithium niobate WGR, but present in a cadmium silicon phosphide WGR, as expected from the linewidths of the resonances involved.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Positivity in power series rings
Creators: name: Cimpric, Jaka
name: Kuhlmann, Salma
name: Marshall, Murray
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F25, 14P10, 14L30, 20G20

description: We extend and generalize the results of Scheiderer (2006) on the representation of polynomials nonnegative on two-dimensional basic closed semialgebraic sets. Our extension covers some situations where the defining polynomials do not satisfy the transversality condition. Such situations arise naturally when one considers semialgebraic sets invariant under finite group actions.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Some properties of a subclass of non-Bazilevic functions
Creators: name: Mohsan Raza
name: Noor, Khalida Inayat
name: Yousaf, Kamran
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2013
Subjects: non-Bazilevic functions,differential subordination,Fekete-Szego inequality

description: 2, 7, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
Synthetic 3D Data Generation Pipeline for Geometric Deep Learning in Architecture
Creators: name: Fedorova, Stanislava
name: Tono, Alberto
name: Nigam, Meher Shashwat
name: Zhang, Jiayao
name: Ahmadnia, Amirhossein
name: Bolognesi, Cecilia
name: Michels, Dominik L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the growing interest in deep learning algorithms and computational design in the architectural field, the need for large, accessible and diverse architectural datasets increases. We decided to tackle this problem by constructing a field-specific synthetic data generation pipeline that generates an arbitrary amount of 3D data along with the associated 2D and 3D annotations. The variety of annotations, the flexibility to customize the generated building and dataset parameters make this framework suitable for multiple deep learning tasks, including geometric deep learning that requires direct 3D supervision. Creating our building data generation pipeline we leveraged architectural knowledge from experts in order to construct a framework that would be modular, extendable and would provide a sufficient amount of class-balanced data samples. Moreover, we purposefully involve the researcher in the dataset customization allowing the introduction of additional building components, material textures, building classes, number and type of annotations as well as the number of views per 3D model sample. In this way, the framework would satisfy different research requirements and would be adaptable to a large variety of tasks. All code and data are made publicly available.
description: Project Page: https://cdinstitute.github.io/Building-Dataset-Generator/
title: Quantitative analysis of halogens in polymer coatings using Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Tapler, Patrick
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: LIBS
subject: Halogens
subject: polymer coatings

description: In today’s semiconductor industry, halogenated polymer coatings are utilized as corrosion protection in microelectronic devices. In order to monitor the degradation of these anti-corrosion coatings, a spatially resolved analysis of their halogen content is required. Because methods such as Laser Ablation Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (LA-ICP-MS) or X-Ray Fluorescence Spectroscopy (XRF), which would normally be used for this task, struggle with the detection of halogens, there is need for the development of a fast and quantitative imaging technique, that is able to perform measurements in the μg/g range. The method investigated in this work was Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy (LIBS). The goal of this thesis was to develop a LIBS measurement methodology that enables the quantitative analysis of F, Cl, and Br in polymer coatings. Given the low excitation efficiency of halogens, it was necessary to enhance the signals, for which there are numerous potential approaches. The two options employed in this work, however, were the application of reduced pressure, which changed the plasma dynamics resulting in an enhancement of emission line intensity, and sampling the plasma radiation directly next to the plasma plume with a fiber optic cable, referred to as ‘direct sampling’, which increased the collection efficiency. These could be investigated through the successful development of the ‘direct stage’, a custom-built ablation chamber mounted on a 3D printed stage built in-house. To be able to perform a quantitative analysis, standards were prepared by dissolving Polyimide and halogen-containing benzoic acid derivates in N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone. After optimizing all measurement parameters, calibrations were performed, and the raw data was normalized using different normalization methods. A pressure of 50 mbar significantly improved the signal-to-background ratio (SBR) of the F I 685,6 nm emission line by a factor of ~2, resulting in a background normalized F calibration with a R2 of 0,9988 and a LOD of 48 μg/g. The quantitative analysis of F can therefore be considered a success. Although the Cl measurements at 50 mbar exhibited higher sensitivity, the calibration under atmospheric pressure achieved better figures of merit. The background normalized Cl calibration at 1013 mbar obtained a R2 of 0,9925 with a LOD of 1497 μg/g. Unfortunately, the use of vacuum did not have a beneficial effect on the Br I 827,3 nm emission line intensity. Therefore, the Br calibration was carried out under atmospheric pressure leading to a R2 of 0,8615 along with a LOD of 1703 μg/g, which was the most deficient of all investigated elements. Nevertheless, this thesis shows that LIBS can be operated in a quantitative manner in the μg/g range, and that the developed vacuum method is also applicable to fluoropolymer samples from industry, as demonstrated by the analysis of a sports bag material.
A  case  study  on  estimating  the  flood  severity  using  flood hydrographs for small ungauged catchments in Korea
Creators: name: Choi, Hyun Il
name: Kim, Eung Seok
Publisher: name: Maejo University
Year: 2013
Subjects: flood hazard index,flood severity,run-off hydrograph,rainfall run-off model

description: 1, 7, Maejo International Journal of Science and Technology
Ethane clathrate hydrate infrared signatures for solar system remote sensing
Creators: name: Dartois, Emmanuel
name: Langlet, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrocarbons such as methane and ethane are present in many solar system objects, including comets, moons and planets. The interaction of these hydrocarbons with water ice at low temperatures could lead to the formation of inclusion compounds, such as clathrate hydrates (water based host cages trapping hydrocarbons guest molecules), modifying their retention, stability and therefore evolution. The occurrence of {\cor clathrate hydrates} on solar system surfaces could be established by remote sensing of their spectroscopic signatures. In this study, we measure and analyse ethane clathrate hydrate spectra recorded in the temperature range from 5.3 to 160K, covering most of the temperature range of interest for solar system objects. Specific infrared band signatures are identified for the ethane encaged guest. We provide evidence that ethane clathrate hydrate outcrops can be detected by remote sensing on the surface of planetary bodies.
Reiter's properties (P_1) and (P_2) for locally compact quantum groups
Creators: name: Daws, Matthew
name: Runde, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A07 (Primary); 22D35, 43A30, 46L07, 46L65, 46L89, 47L25, 47L50, 81R15, 81R50 (Secondary)

description: A locally compact group $G$ is amenable if and only if it has Reiter's property $(P_p)$ for $p=1$ or, equivalently, all $p \in [1,\infty)$, i.e., there is a net $(m_α)_α$ of non-negative norm one functions in $L^p(G)$ such that $\lim_α\sup_{x \in K} \| L_{x^{-1}} m_α- m_α\|_p = 0$ for each compact subset $K \subset G$ ($L_{x^{-1}} m_α$ stands for the left translate of $m_α$ by $x^{-1}$). We extend the definitions of properties $(P_1)$ and $(P_2)$ from locally compact groups to locally compact quantum groups in the sense of J. Kustermans and S. Vaes. We show that a locally compact quantum group has $(P_1)$ if and only if it is amenable and that it has $(P_2)$ if and only if its dual quantum group is co-amenable. As a consequence, $(P_2)$ implies $(P_1)$.
description: 23 pages; some rewriting, references added
An inhomogeneous jet model for the rapid variability of TeV blazars
Creators: name: Boutelier, Timothé
name: Henri, Gilles
name: Petrucci, Pierre-Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new time-dependent inhomogeneous jet model of non-thermal blazar emission, which reproduces the entire spectral energy distribution together with the rapid gamma-ray variability. Ultra-relativistic leptons are injected at the base of a jet and propagate along the jet structure. We assume continuous reacceleration and cooling, producing a relativistic quasi-maxwellian (or "pile-up") particle energy distribution. The synchrotron and Synchrotron-Self Compton jet emissivity are computed at each altitude. Klein-Nishina effects as well as intrinsic gamma-gamma absorption are included in the computation. Due to the pair production optical depth, considerable particle density enhancement can occur, particularly during flaring states. Time-dependent jet emission can be computed by varying the particle injection, but due to the sensitivity of pair production process, only small variations of the injected density are required during the flares. The stratification of the jet emission, together with a pile-up distribution, allows significantly lower bulk Lorentz factors, compared to one-zone models. Applying this model to the case of PKS2155-304 and its big TeV flare observed in 2006, we can reproduce simultaneously the average broad band spectrum of this source as well as the TeV spectra and TeV light curve of the flare with bulk Lorentz factor lower than 15.
Economic Impacts of Smallholder Oil Palm (Elaeis guineensis Jacq.) Plantations on Peatlands in Indonesia
Creators: name: Agustira, Muhammad Akmal
name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Sajise, Asa Jose U.
name: Florece, Leonardo M.
name: Agustira, Muhammad Akmal
name: Rañola, Roberto F.
name: Sajise, Asa Jose U.
name: Florece, Leonardo M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: oil palm
subject: smallholders
subject: economic impacts
subject: Indonesia

description: Oil palm smallholders on peatlands have contributed significantly to economic development in rural areas by augmenting income and reducing poverty. However, these plantations also cause adverse environmental impacts such as carbon emission, haze and peat fires, deforestation, water supply disruption and biodiversity loss. The objective of the study is to determine the economic impacts of developing smallholder oil palm plantations on peatlands in Siak District Riau Province, Indonesia. Cochran sampling technique was employed to select the respondents. Cost benefit analysis was used to determine the economic impacts of the smallholder oil palm plantations. Results reveal that the development of 94,726 ha oil palm smallholder plantation on peatlands in 2014 had generated an estimated 37,326 jobs and increased the average total income of smallholder households to US$ 4,556 per year with a multiplier effect estimated at 3.01 for the Siak economy. Total benefit from the 94,726 ha oil palm smallholder plantation was computed at US$ 2,152 million per year. However, the unsustainable oil palm cultural practices of smallholders have led to negative environmental effects. It was estimated that approximately US$ 1,116 million is lost per year due to the adverse environmental impacts such as carbon emission, deforestation, water supply disruption and biodiversity loss, among others. The results of the economic analysis show NPV, BCR and EIRR to be equal to US$ 1,036 million, 1.93 and 21.91%, respectively. These results indicate that smallholder oil plantations on peatland in Siak provide net economic benefits for Siak’s economy. Proposed policies include the encouragement of sustainable oil palm plantations characterized by a synergistic relationship among legal, social and financial aspects in order to provide optimal economic impacts to communities and minimize adverse effects on the environment.
Evaluating the Values of Sources in Transfer Learning
Creators: name: Parvez, Md Rizwan
name: Chang, Kai-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Transfer learning that adapts a model trained on data-rich sources to low-resource targets has been widely applied in natural language processing (NLP). However, when training a transfer model over multiple sources, not every source is equally useful for the target. To better transfer a model, it is essential to understand the values of the sources. In this paper, we develop SEAL-Shap, an efficient source valuation framework for quantifying the usefulness of the sources (e.g., domains/languages) in transfer learning based on the Shapley value method. Experiments and comprehensive analyses on both cross-domain and cross-lingual transfers demonstrate that our framework is not only effective in choosing useful transfer sources but also the source values match the intuitive source-target similarity.
description: NAACL 2021 Camera Ready
Cameroon's Agricultural Economy in Brief
Creators: name: Chambliss, Mary T.
name: Chambliss, Mary T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1968
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Report Summary: Cameroon has an expanding economy which relies on both Government planning and free enterprise. Agricultural production, primarily of tropical products, accounts for 40 percent of the gross national product. Two-thirds of agricultural production is on a subsistence basis. Major cash crops are cocoa, coffee, bananas, cotton, peanuts, rubber, and oil palm products. The Government is encouraging the expansion and diversification of agricultural production. Since Cameroon's main export crops are tropical, they do not compete with U.S. agricultural products. Coffee and cocoa are the major Cameroonian products purchased by the United States. In most years, rice and other grains and tobacco are the most important U.S. exports to Cameroon.
Sommerfeld enhancement factor in two-dimensional Dirac materials
Creators: name: Leppenen, N. V.
name: Golub, L. E.
name: Ivchenko, E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the above-band gap absorption spectrum in two-dimensional Dirac materials is calculated with account for the interaction between the photocarriers. Both the screened Rytova-Keldysh and pure Coulomb attraction potentials between the electron and hole are used in the study. We find that, in the materials under consideration, the interaction enhances the absorbance in the narrow interband edge region, in a sharp contrast to the band model with the parabolic free-carrier energy dispersion. We develop an approximation of the weak interaction which allows us to reproduce the main features of the exactly calculated Sommerfeld factor. We show a substantial reduction of this factor at higher frequencies due to the single-particle energy renormalization.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 1 of Factors affecting nursing students’ intention to use a 3D game to learn field triage skills: a structural equation modelling analysis
Creators: name: Chow, Meyrick C. M.
name: Hung, Maria S. Y.
name: Chu, JoJo W. K.
name: Lam, Stanley K. K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file1.
Supplementary methods and results from Dogs' looking times and pupil dilation response reveal expectations about contact causality
Creators: name: Völter, Christoph J.
name: Huber, Ludwig
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The supplementary methods provide further details concerning the dog sample, the stimuli, the eye-tracking data collection and the analyses. The supplementary results include the linear mixed model of the aggregated pupil size data and more information concerning the generalised additive mixed model.
Detection and possible significance of a common leukemia-associated antigen, CAMAL, in human myeloid leukemia
Creators: name: Logan, Patricia Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Human acute nonlymphoblastic or myelogenous leukemia (ANLL or AML) is a malignant disease of the bone marrow involving hemopoietic (blood-forming) cells of the myeloid lineage. ANLL is a complex neoplastic disease, whose fundamental nature is only partially understood despite intensive research. The disease is complicated by its apparent heterogeneity in terms of the degree of differentiation of hemopoietic stem cell involvement in different patients and the cellular expression of immunologically defined surface markers. The presence of a common antigen in myelogenous leukemia (CAMAL) has been previously identified. This thesis examines the expression of the CAMAL marker in or on bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) cells using a monoclonal antibody-based indirect immunoperoxidase slide test. Increased numbers of CAMAL-positive cells were found in or on BM and PB of myeloid leukemia patients (with acute or chronic forms of the disease) compared with those found in normals or most lymphoid malignancies. Results presented herein have demonstrated that fluctuations in CAMAL BM values (% positive cells) correlated with survival time prior to relapse. In a blind study, ANLL patients Whose CAMAL BM values decreased post-chemotherapy had significantly (p < 0.025) longer first remission times (x = 19.2 months) than patients with increasing or static CAMAL BM values (x = 6.8 months). CAMAL BM values were often observed to increase during remission, prior to relapse, suggesting the presence of residual subclinical disease. Addition of excess purified leukemia-derived CAMAL to an in vitro myeloid progenitor cell assay caused profound inhibition of normal CFU-c growth but had no inhibitory effect on CFU-c growth from myeloid leukemia patients in active disease states. Depletion of CAHAL from normal plasma and conditioned media (sources of numerous hemopoietic growth regulatory factors) caused significant inhibition of normal, but not myeloid leukemic, CFU-c growth. These results indicated that myeloid leukemic cells possessed apparent differences in responsiveness to CAMAL-mediated hemopoietic regulation compared to normal cells. Lack of responsiveness to inhibition by leukemia-derived CAMAL may facilitate dominance of the malignant clone over normal cells.