cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Efficient electronic structure calculation for molecular ionization dynamics at high x-ray intensity
Creators: name: Hao, Yajiang
name: Inhester, Ludger
name: Hanasaki, Kota
name: Son, Sang-Kil
name: Santra, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the implementation of an electronic-structure approach dedicated to ionization dynamics of molecules interacting with x-ray free-electron laser (XFEL) pulses. In our scheme, molecular orbitals for molecular core-hole states are represented by linear combination of numerical atomic orbitals that are solutions of corresponding atomic core-hole states. We demonstrate that our scheme efficiently calculates all possible multiple-hole configurations of molecules formed during XFEL pulses. The present method is suitable to investigate x-ray multiphoton multiple ionization dynamics and accompanying nuclear dynamics, providing essential information on the chemical dynamics relevant for high-intensity x-ray imaging.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures
The Symbol of the Crescent Moon with a Star on Ancient and Medieval Coins
Creators: name: Štekar Andrej
Publisher: name: Cultural Heritage and Modern Technologies
Year: 2023
Subjects: Andrew II
Aphrodite Urania
Aquileia
ancient coins
Albert II
Arlongus
Augustus
Bela IV
Christianity

description: The individual phases of the moon show us this nocturnal satellite subjected to the laws of a cycle of dying and rising. In ancient times different peoples honoured the moon and the stars and felt connected to them in some way. These two symbols are present in various ways on ancient coins such as Greek, Roman or even Celtic ones. The representation of these symbols on ancient coins is sometimes different and has different meanings. The symbol of the crescent moon with the star was revived again in the Middle Ages and was depicted in different ways on many European coins, especially in the 13th century AD. The depiction of the crescent moon with the star on these coins has a new meaning that relates to Christian symbolism. This article presents the history of this symbol, its meaning in antiquity and in the Middle Ages and its possible connection with astronomical events. In particular we analyzed a Trieste’s medieval coin minted in the second half of the 13th century by the bishop of the city of Trieste Arlongus, on which the symbol of the crescent moon with a six-pointed star is clearly visible.
Classical Gauged Massless Rarita-Schwinger Fields
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that, in contrast to known results in the massive case, a minimally gauged massless Rarita-Schwinger field yields a consistent classical theory, with a generalized fermionic gauge invariance realized as a canonical transformation. To simplify the algebra, we study a two-component left chiral reduction of the massless theory. We formulate the classical theory in both Lagrangian and Hamiltonian form for a general non-Abelian gauging, and analyze the constraints and the Rarita-Schwinger gauge invariance of the action. An explicit wave front calculation for Abelian gauge fields shows that wave-like modes do not propagate with superluminal velocities. An analysis of Rarita-Schwinger spinor scattering from gauge fields shows that adiabatic decoupling fails in the limit of zero gauge field amplitude, invalidating various "no-go" theorems based on "on-shell" methods that claim to show the impossibility of gauging Rarita-Schwinger fields. Quantization of Rarita-Schwinger fields, using many formulas from this paper, is taken up in the following paper.
description: Latex, 43 pages. This is the first of two papers that supersede arXiv:1502.02652. v2 has revisions to Sec. 5B and other edits; Phys. Rev. D (in press)
Influence of religious organisations’ statements on compliance with a smoke-free law in Bogor, Indonesia: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Byron, M. Justin
name: Frattaroli, Shannon
name: Jernigan, David H.
name: Nuryunawati, Ramadhani
name: Cohen, Joanna E.
name: Gittelsohn, Joel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectiveTo explore the Bogor public's perspective on Muslim organisations’ pronouncements against smoking and the effect of these pronouncements on compliance with a new smoke-free law in the context of a prosmoking social norm.DesignSemistructured focus group discussions were conducted, transcribed, coded using ATLAS.ti software, and analysed using thematic content analysis. Photo elicitation was also used during the focus groups.SettingBogor, Indonesia.Participants11 focus groups (n=89), stratified by age, gender and smoking status, with members of the public (46 male, 43 female, ages 18–50).ResultsThere was limited knowledge of and compliance with both the smoke-free law and the religious pronouncements. In most of the focus groups, smoking was described as a discouraged, but not forbidden, behaviour for Muslims. Participants described the decision of whether to follow the religious pronouncements in the context of individual choice. Some participants felt religious organisations lacked credibility to speak against smoking because many religious leaders themselves smoke. However, some non-smokers said their religion reinforced their non-smoking behaviour and some participants stated it would be useful for religious leaders to speak more about the smoke-free law.ConclusionsReligious organisations’ pronouncements appear to have had a small effect, primarily in supporting the position of non-smokers not to smoke. Participants, including smokers, said their religious leaders should be involved in supporting the smoke-free law. These findings suggest there is potential for the tobacco control community to partner with sympathetic local Muslim leaders to promote common goals of reducing smoking and public smoke exposure. Muslim leaders’ views on smoking would be perceived as more credible if they themselves followed the smoke-free law. Additionally, public health messaging that includes religious themes could be piloted and tested for effectiveness. These findings may also inform similar efforts in other Muslim cities implementing smoke-free laws.
Fluctuational susceptibility of ultracold bosons in the vicinity of condensation
Creators: name: Kingl, Arvid J.
name: Gangardt, D. M.
name: Lerner, Igor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the behaviour of ultracold bosonic gas in the critical region above the Bose-Einstein condensation in the presence of an artificial magnetic field, $B_\mathrm{art}$. We show that the condensate fluctuations above the critical temperature $T_c$ cause the fluctuational susceptibility, $χ_\mathrm{fl}$, of a uniform gas to have a stronger power-law divergence than in an analogous superconducting system. Measuring such a divergence opens new ways of exploring critical properties of the ultracold gas and an opportunity of an accurate determination of $T_c$. We describe a method of measuring $χ_\mathrm{fl}$ which requires a constant gradient in $B_\mathrm{art}$ and suggest a way of creating such a field in experiment.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 5 pages of Supplement; the text is rewritten and rearranged, and the figures are modified
Patient satisfaction and perceived quality of care: evidence from a cross-sectional national exit survey of HIV and non-HIV service users in Zambia
Creators: name: Burstein, Roy
name: Kumar, Santosh
name: Dansereau, Emily
name: Masters, Samuel H.
name: Gakidou, Emmanuela
name: Masiye, Felix
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectiveTo examine the associations between perceived quality of care and patient satisfaction among HIV and non-HIV patients in Zambia.SettingPatient exit survey conducted at 104 primary, secondary and tertiary health clinics across 16 Zambian districts.Participants2789 exiting patients.Primary independent variablesFive dimensions of perceived quality of care (health personnel practice and conduct, adequacy of resources and services, healthcare delivery, accessibility of care, and cost of care).Secondary independent variablesRespondent, visit-related, and facility characteristics.Primary outcome measurePatient satisfaction measured on a 1–10 scale.MethodsIndices of perceived quality of care were modelled using principal component analysis. Statistical associations between perceived quality of care and patient satisfaction were examined using random-effect ordered logistic regression models, adjusting for demographic, socioeconomic, visit and facility characteristics.ResultsAverage satisfaction was 6.9 on a 10-point scale for non-HIV services and 7.3 for HIV services. Favourable perceptions of health personnel conduct were associated with higher odds of overall satisfaction for non-HIV (OR=3.53, 95% CI 2.34 to 5.33) and HIV (OR=11.00, 95% CI 3.97 to 30.51) visits. Better perceptions of resources and services were also associated with higher odds of satisfaction for both non-HIV (OR=1.66, 95% CI 1.08 to 2.55) and HIV (OR=4.68, 95% CI 1.81 to 12.10) visits. Two additional dimensions of perceived quality of care—healthcare delivery and accessibility of care—were positively associated with higher satisfaction for non-HIV patients. The odds of overall satisfaction were lower in rural facilities for non-HIV patients (OR 0.69; 95% CI 0.48 to 0.99) and HIV patients (OR=0.26, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.41). For non-HIV patients, the odds of satisfaction were greater in hospitals compared with health centres/posts (OR 1.78; 95% CI 1.27 to 2.48) and lower at publicly-managed facilities (OR=0.41, 95% CI=0.27 to 0.64).ConclusionsPerceived quality of care is an important driver of patient satisfaction with health service delivery in Zambia.
Forecasting Financial Extremes: A Network Degree Measure of Super-exponential Growth
Creators: name: Yan, Wanfeng
name: van Serooskerken, Edgar van Tuyll
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Investors in stock market are usually greedy during bull markets and scared during bear markets. The greed or fear spreads across investors quickly. This is known as the herding effect, and often leads to a fast movement of stock prices. During such market regimes, stock prices change at a super-exponential rate and are normally followed by a trend reversal that corrects the previous over reaction. In this paper, we construct an indicator to measure the magnitude of the super-exponential growth of stock prices, by measuring the degree of the price network, generated from the price time series. Twelve major international stock indices have been investigated. Error diagram tests show that this new indicator has strong predictive power for financial extremes, both peaks and troughs. By varying the parameters used to construct the error diagram, we show the predictive power is very robust. The new indicator has a better performance than the LPPL pattern recognition indicator.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Quantized Gauged Massless Rarita-Schwinger Fields
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantization of a minimally gauged massless Rarita-Schwinger field, by both Dirac bracket and functional integral methods. The Dirac bracket approach in covariant radiation gauge leads to an anticommutator that has a non-singular limit as gauge fields approach zero, is manifestly positive semidefinite, and is Lorentz invariant. The constraints also have the form needed to apply the Faddeev-Popov method for deriving a functional integral, using the same constrained Hamiltonian and inverse constraint matrix that appear in the Dirac bracket approach.
description: Latex, 22 pages. This is the second of two papers that supersede arXiv:1502.02652. v2 has revisions to Sec. 2 and other edits; Phys. Rev. D (in press)
Presentation: Kinematics of RR Lyrae stars in the Galactic bulge with OGLE-IV and Gaia DR2
Creators: name: Du, Hangci
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Galactic Dynamics
Milky Way galaxy
The Galactic bulge

description: We analyse the kinematics and spatial distribution of 15 599 fundamental-mode RR Lyrae (RRL) stars in the Milky Way bulge by combining OGLE-IV photometric data and Gaia DR2 proper motions. We show that the longitudinal proper motions and the line-of-sight velocities can give similar results for the rotation in the Galactic central regions. The angular velocity of bulge RRLs is found to be around 35 km s−1 kpc−1, significantly smaller than that for the majority of bulge stars (50–60 km s−1 kpc−1); bulge RRLs have larger velocity dispersion (120–140 km s−1) than younger stars. The dependence of the kinematics of the bulge RRLs on their metallicities is shown by their rotation curves and spatial distributions. Metal-poor RRLs ([Fe/H]<−1) show a smaller bar angle than metal-rich ones. We also find clues suggesting that RRLs in the bulge are not dominated by halo stars. These results might explain some previous conflicting results over bulge RRLs and help understand the chemodynamical evolution of the Galactic bulge.
Patient–physician mistrust and violence against physicians in Guangdong Province, China: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Wong, William C.W.
name: Zhu, Wei
name: Nie, Jing Bao
name: Huang, Meijin
name: Gong, Ni
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
name: Xie, Ruishi
name: Wong, Bonnie
name: Kleinman, Arthur
name: Lan, Ping
name: Deng, Yinghui
name: Cheng, Yu
name: McLaughlin, Megan M.
name: Miao, Wei
name: Liu, Huanliang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectiveTo better understand the origins, manifestations and current policy responses to patient–physician mistrust in China.DesignQualitative study using in-depth interviews focused on personal experiences of patient–physician mistrust and trust.SettingGuangdong Province, China.ParticipantsOne hundred and sixty patients, patient family members, physicians, nurses and hospital administrators at seven hospitals varying in type, geography and stages of achieving goals of health reform. These interviews included purposive selection of individuals who had experienced both trustful and mistrustful patient–physician relationships.ResultsOne of the most prominent forces driving patient–physician mistrust was a patient perception of injustice within the medical sphere, related to profit mongering, knowledge imbalances and physician conflicts of interest. Individual physicians, departments and hospitals were explicitly incentivised to generate revenue without evaluation of caregiving. Physicians did not receive training in negotiating medical disputes or humanistic principles that underpin caregiving. Patient–physician mistrust precipitated medical disputes leading to the following outcomes: non-resolution with patient resentment towards physicians; violent resolution such as physical and verbal attacks against physicians; and non-violent resolution such as hospital-mediated dispute resolution. Policy responses to violence included increased hospital security forces, which inadvertently fuelled mistrust. Instead of encouraging communication that facilitated resolution, medical disputes sometimes ignited a vicious cycle leading to mob violence. However, patient–physician interactions at one hospital that has implemented a primary care model embodying health reform goals showed improved patient–physician trust.ConclusionsThe blind pursuit of financial profits at a systems level has eroded patient–physician trust in China. Restructuring incentives, reforming medical education and promoting caregiving are pathways towards restoring trust. Assessing and valuing the quality of caregiving is essential for transitioning away from entrenched profit-focused models. Moral, in addition to regulatory and legal, responses are urgently needed to restore trust.
title: Role of DWI with increased b value in detection of breast malignancies without use of contrast media;assessment with ADC values and background suppression MR mammogram.
Creators: name: Yadav, Pratiksha
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Introduction : Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is a technique that derives its image contrast from differences in diffusion rate of water molecules in normal and pathologic tissue. It relies on differences in cellularity to distinguish between...
Evidence for two spatially separated UV continuum emitting regions in the Cloverleaf broad absorption line quasar
Creators: name: Sluse, D.
name: Hutsemékers, D.
name: Anguita, T.
name: Braibant, L.
name: Riaud, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Testing the standard Shakura-Sunyaev model of accretion is a challenging task because the central region of quasars where accretion takes place is unresolved with telescopes. The analysis of microlensing in gravitationally lensed quasars is one of the few techniques that can test this model, yielding to the measurement of the size and of temperature profile of the accretion disc. We present spectroscopic observations of the gravitationally lensed broad absorption line quasar H1413+117, which reveal partial microlensing of the continuum emission that appears to originate from two separated regions: a microlensed region, corresponding to the compact accretion disc; and a non-microlensed region, more extended and contributing to at least 30\% of the total UV-continuum flux. Because this extended continuum is occulted by the broad absorption line clouds, it is not associated with the host galaxy, but rather with light scattered in the neighbourhood of the central engine. We measure the amplitude of microlensing of the compact continuum over the rest-frame wavelength range 1000-7000 Å. Following a Bayesian scheme, we confront our measurements to microlensing simulations of an accretion disc with a temperature varying as $T \propto R^{-1/ν}$. We find a most likely source half-light radius of $R_{1/2} = 0.61 \times 10^{16}\,$cm (i.e., 0.002\,pc) at 0.18\,$μ$m, and a most-likely index of $ν=0.4$. The standard disc ($ν=4/3$) model is not ruled out by our data, and is found within the 95\% confidence interval associated with our measurements. We demonstrate that, for H1413+117, the existence of an extended continuum in addition to the disc emission only has a small impact on the inferred disc parameters, and is unlikely to solve the tension between the microlensing source size and standard disc sizes, as previously reported in the literature.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. 12 pages. Minor changes w.r.t. v1 (language editing, Fig. 5-6)
Preadmission glucocorticoid use and anastomotic leakage after colon and rectal cancer resections: a Danish cohort study
Creators: name: Erichsen, Rune
name: Riis, Anders H.
name: Iversen, Lene Hjerrild
name: Sørensen, Henrik Toft
name: Baron, John A.
name: Ostenfeld, Eva Bjerre
name: Thorlacius-Ussing, Ole
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectiveTo examine whether preadmission glucocorticoid use increases the risk of anastomotic leakage after colon and rectal cancer resections.DesignA population-based cohort study.SettingDenmark (2001–2011).ParticipantsWe identified patients who had undergone a primary anastomosis after a colorectal cancer resection by linking medical registries. Participants who filled their most recent glucocorticoid prescription ≤90, 91–365 and >365 days before their surgery date were categorised as current, recent and former users, respectively.Main outcome measuresWe calculated 30-day absolute risk of anastomotic leakage and computed ORs using logistic regression models with adjustment for potential confounders.ResultsOf the 18 190 patients with colon cancer, anastomotic leakage occurred in 1184 (6.5%). Glucocorticoid use overall was not associated with an increased risk of leakage (6.4% vs 6.9% among never-users; OR 1.05; 95% CI 0.89 to 1.23). Categories of oral, inhaled or intestinal-acting glucocorticoids did not greatly affect risk of leakage. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 695 (13.2%) of 5284 patients with rectal cancer. Glucocorticoid use overall slightly increased risk of leakage (14.6% vs 12.8% among never-users; OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.08 to 1.72). Results did not differ significantly within glucocorticoid categories.ConclusionsPreadmission glucocorticoids modestly increased the risk of anastomotic leakage mainly after rectal cancer resection. However, absolute risk differences were small and the clinical impact of glucocorticoid use may therefore be limited.
Quantifying the utility of taking pills for preventing adverse health outcomes: a cross-sectional survey
Creators: name: Pignone, Michael P.
name: Viera, Anthony J.
name: Hutchins, Robert
name: Sheridan, Stacey L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: ObjectivesThe utility value attributed to taking pills for prevention can have a major effect on the cost-effectiveness of interventions, but few published studies have systematically quantified this value. We sought to quantify the utility value of taking pills used for prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD).DesignCross-sectional survey.SettingCentral North Carolina.Participants708 healthcare employees aged 18 years and older.Primary and secondary outcomesUtility values for taking 1 pill/day, assessed using time trade-off, modified standard gamble and willingness-to-pay methods.ResultsMean age of respondents was 43 years (19–74). The majority of the respondents were female (83%) and Caucasian (80%). Most (80%) took at least 2 pills/day. Mean utility values for taking 1 pill/day using the time trade-off method were: 0.9972 (95% CI 0.9962 to 0.9980). Values derived from the standard gamble and willingness-to-pay methods were 0.9967 (0.9954 to 0.9979) and 0.9989 (95% CI 0.9986 to 0.9991), respectively. Utility values varied little across characteristics such as age, sex, race, education level or number of pills taken per day.ConclusionsThe utility value of taking pills daily in order to prevent an adverse CVD health outcome is approximately 0.997.
Anatomy of a patient safety event: a pediatric patient safety taxonomy
Creators: name: Woods, D. M.
name: Ogata, E. S.
name: Lannon, C.
name: Johnson, J.
name: Thomas, E. J.
name: Mehra, M.
name: Holl, J. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Background: Idiosyncratic terminology and frameworks in the study of patient safety have been tolerated but are increasingly problematic. Agreement on standard language and frameworks is needed for optimal improvement and dissemination of knowledge about patient safety.
Preventing medication errors in long-term care: results and evaluation of a large scale web-based error reporting system
Creators: name: Jonsson, Mattias
name: Hansen, Richard
name: Akers, Roger
name: Greene, Sandra
name: Williams, Charlotte
name: Pierson, Stephanie
name: Carey, Timothy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: To describe the implementation and evaluation of a web‐based medication error reporting system.
Die Wahrnehmung der Figur „Adolf Hitler“ in Daniel Levys „Mein Führer- die wirklich wahrste Wahrheit über Adolf Hitler“ durch internationales Filmpublikum. Eine empirische Untersuchung im landeskundlichen DaF-Unterricht.
Creators: name: Herzner, Dominik
Publisher: name: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik
Year: 2017

description: Filme beeinflussen die Wahrnehmungen von Figuren. Daniel Levys Film "Mein Führer" (die erste deutschsprachige Komödie über Adolf Hitler) führte zu einer positiven Wahrnehmung der Hauptfigur. In einer empirischen Untersuchung wurde gezeigt, dass sich dieser Effekt bei internationalem Filmpublikum, die einen anderen Zugang zur Thematik Nationalsozialismus haben, verstärkt.
description: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik, Nr. 7 (2016): Deutsch als Fremdsprache
Functional van den Berg-Kesten-Reimer Inequalities and their Duals, with Applications
Creators: name: Goldstein, Larry
name: Rinott, Yosef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15

description: The BKR inequality conjectured by van den Berg and Kesten in [11], and proved by Reimer in [8], states that for $A$ and $B$ events on $S$, a finite product of finite sets $S_i,i=1,\ldots,n$, and $P$ any product measure on $S$, $$ P(A \Box B) \le P(A)P(B),$$ where the set $A \Box B$ consists of the elementary events which lie in both $A$ and $B$ for `disjoint reasons.' Precisely, with ${\bf n}:=\{1,\ldots,n\}$ and $K \subset {\bf n}$, for ${\bf x} \in S$ letting $[{\bf x}]_K=\{{\bf y} \in S: y_i = x_i, i \in K\}$, the set $A \Box B$ consists of all ${\bf x} \in S$ for which there exist disjoint subsets $K$ and $L$ of ${\bf n}$ for which $[{\bf x}]_K \subset A$ and $[{\bf x}]_L \subset B$. The BKR inequality is extended to the following functional version on a general finite product measure space $(S,\mathbb{S})$ with product probability measure $P$, $$E\left\{ \max_{\stackrel{K \cap L = \emptyset}{K \subset {\bf n}, L \subset {\bf n}}} \underline{f}_K({\bf X})\underline{g}_L({\bf X})\right\} \leq E\left\{f({\bf X})\right\}\,E\left\{g({\bf X})\right\},$$ where $f$ and $g$ are non-negative measurable functions, $\underline{f}_K({\bf x}) = {\rm ess} \inf_{{\bf y} \in [{\bf x}]_K}f({\bf y})$ and $\underline{g}_L({\bf x}) = {\rm ess} \inf_{{\bf y} \in [{\bf x}]_L}g({\bf y}).$ The original BKR inequality is recovered by taking $f({\bf x})={\bf 1}_A({\bf x})$ and $g({\bf x})={\bf 1}_B({\bf x})$, and applying the fact that in general ${\bf 1}_{A \Box B} \le \max_{K \cap L = \emptyset} \underline{f}_K({\bf x}) \underline{g}_L({\bf x})$. Related formulations, and functional versions of the dual inequality on events by Kahn, Saks, and Smyth [6], are also considered. Applications include order statistics, assignment problems, and paths in random graphs.
description: BKR in title replaced by van den Berg-Kesten-Reimer
Barjols, porte d'entrée de l'abattoir
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Explaining why simple liquids are quasi-universal
Creators: name: Bacher, Andreas K.
name: Schrøder, Thomas B.
name: Dyre, Jeppe C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been known for a long time that many simple liquids have surprisingly similar structure as quantified, e.g., by the radial distribution function. A much more recent realization is that the dynamics are also very similar for a number of systems with quite different pair potentials. Systems with such non-trivial similarities are generally referred to as "quasi-universal". From the fact that the exponentially repulsive pair potential has strong virial potential-energy correlations in the low-temperature part of its thermodynamic phase diagram, we here show that a liquid is quasi-universal if its pair potential can be written approximately as a sum of exponential terms with numerically large prefactors. Based on evidence from the literature we moreover conjecture the converse, i.e., that quasi-universality only applies for systems with this property.
Existence of Néel order in the S=1 bilinear-biquadratic Heisenberg model via random loops
Creators: name: Lees, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the general spin-1 SU(2) invariant Heisenberg model with a two-body interaction. A random loop model is introduced and relations to quantum spin systems is proved. Using this relation it is shown that for dimensions 3 and above Néel order occurs for a large range of values of the relative strength of the bilinear ($-J_1$) and biquadratic ($-J_2$) interaction terms. The proof uses the method of reflection positivity and infrared bounds. Links between spin correlations and loop correlations are proved.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
title: Controls on Sediment Connectivity in Fluvial Networks Impacted by Wildfire Across Utah
Creators: name: Arditti, Alec
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Flooding and sedimentation caused by wildfire are among the greatest threats to watersheds, fish populations and reservoirs in the western US. Burned landscapes are at risk for increased runoff and erosion and have the potential to transport sediment that may put downstream resources at risk. The ability of the channel to transport sediment downstream, known as the connectivity, is important for determining where impacts may occur. Sediment bottlenecks are locations within the watershed where local conditions produce a persistent decrease in downstream connectivity of sediment, resulting in increased sediment deposition and potentially a substantial modification of the local channel and floodplain. The primary objective of this research is to evaluate the volume, location, and amount of sediment bottlenecks in watersheds after wildfire. We identified and surveyed 86 sediment bottlenecks associated with 15 wildfires throughout Utah. The mechanisms responsible for these sediment bottlenecks were attributed to either the geometry of the channel and floodplain or physical obstructions, including large in-stream wood, beaver dams, debris flow deposits, and human infrastructure. We measured channel/floodplain geometry and land cover characteristics using GIS, which we then compared to the volume and location of these sediment bottlenecks. Additionally, we drew large wood and debris flow deposits in GIS at each site from aerial imagery, as both often increase considerably after wildfire and can significantly influence the amount of sediment bottlenecks. Our results indicate that the geometry of the channel and floodplain influences sediment bottlenecks in burned watersheds, directly causing sediment deposition in some locations and influencing occurrence of other physical obstructions on sediment deposition in other locations. Beyond local controls, several watershed attributes exert a significant influence on the recruitment and transport of sediment and wood. These findings will help refine sediment routing models, assist in identifying the magnitude and location of potential sedimentation risks, and better inform the management of infrastructure and aquatic habitat after wildfire.
Barjols, près de l'abattoir, mise en place du bœuf sur le char non attelé
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Does intelligence predict development of investment traits from mid to late adolescence? Evidence from a 3-year longitudinal study
Creators: name: Bergold, Sebastian
name: Hufer-Thamm, Anke
name: Abad Borger, Katharina
name: Luhmann, Maike
name: Steinmayr, Ricarda
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Achievement motive
subject: Intelligence-personality association
subject: Investment theories
subject: Late adolescence
subject: Need for cognition
subject: Personality development
subject: 150

description: Introduction: Investment theories have claimed reciprocal relations between intelligence and investment traits (i.e., personality traits related to seeking out, and dealing with, cognitive challenges). However, previous research has primarily addressed the effects of investment traits on intellectual development (environmental enrichment hypothesis) and often focused on either childhood or later adulthood. The present study investigated the effects of intelligence on investment traits (environmental success hypothesis) from mid to late adolescence. Method: In a 3-year longitudinal survey (2008–2011) covering four measurement occasions, the predictive effects of both fluid and crystallized intelligence on intraindividual change in both the achievement motive (i.e., hope for success and fear of failure) and need for cognition were examined. Overall, 476 adolescents (t1: Mage = 16.43, SD = 0.55; 51.3% girls) from Germany participated. Results: Second-order latent growth models indicated that fluid intelligence predicted a steeper growth in hope for success (β = .40), but was unrelated to change in the other investment traits. Crystallized intelligence had no effects on the investment traits under study. Conclusions: The results contribute to the research on the bidirectionality of intelligence and investment traits and add to our understanding of personality development from mid to late adolescence. Specifically, they underline the importance of nurturing hope for success especially in individuals with lower intelligence, but also show that support for the environmental success hypothesis seems to be limited to certain investment traits.
description: Journal of adolescence;95(3)
Using quality improvement to accelerate highly active antiretroviral treatment coverage in South Africa
Creators: name: Venter, W. D.Francois
name: Webster, Patty D.
name: Malekutu, Dinah
name: Barker, Pierre M.
name: Moleko, Winnie
name: Mate, Kedar S.
name: Sibanyoni, Maria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: IntroductionThe authors report on a health systems strengthening intervention using quality improvement (QI) methods at the subdistrict level to accelerate highly active antiretroviral treatment (HAART) initiation in South Africa.MethodsUsing a phased scale-up design between August 2006 and November 2009, 14 primary healthcare clinics, one community health centre, one district hospital and one tertiary hospital in a subdistrict were recruited into a ‘learning network’ using QI methods to facilitate cross-facility learning/mentorship/support. Clinic teams consisting of nurses, counsellors, clerks and/or doctors set collective and individual performance targets, analysed their care systems using ‘real-time’ data feedback, and designed/implemented a set of simple changes to improve HIV testing and HAART initiation rates across the region.Data analysisPrimary clinic data were used to measure HAART initiation rates (primary outcome) and HIV testing (secondary outcome). We analysed data variation/trends using an interrupted time series design. Logistic regression analysis was applied to examine trends in HAART initiation during the intervention phases.ResultsClinics in the learning network increased HIV testing by 301.8% from 891/month (SD=94.2) to 3580/month (SD=327.7) (p<0.0001). Monthly HAART initiations increased by 185.5% from 179/month (SD=17.22) to 511/month (SD=44.93) (p<0.0001). During the pilot (phase I), the monthly rate of HAART initiations increased by 3.6 patients. In the prototype collaborative (phase II), there was no acceleration in the rate of increase (3.3/month, p=0.92). Significant acceleration was observed in the rate of increase during the QI scale up (phase III) (10.1/month, p<0.001). The proportion of estimated need for HAART met in the region increased from 35.8% to 72.4% at a time of rapid population growth.ConclusionA QI approach, using learning networks to teach simple data-driven methods for addressing system failures, with increased training and resource inputs, can assist districts to quickly reach universal coverage targets.
Using a biased qubit to probe complex systems
Creators: name: Pollock, Felix A.
name: Chęcińska, Agata
name: Pascazio, Saverio
name: Modi, Kavan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex mesoscopic systems play increasingly important roles in modern science -- from understanding biological functions at the molecular level, to designing solid-state information processing devices. The operation of these systems typically depends on their energetic structure, yet probing their energy-landscape can be extremely challenging; they have many degrees of freedom, which may be hard to isolate and measure independently. Here we show that a qubit (a two-level quantum system) with a biased energy-splitting can directly probe the spectral properties of a complex system, without knowledge of how they couple. Our work is based on the completely-positive and trace-preserving map formalism, which treats any unknown dynamics as a `black-box' process. This black box contains information about the system with which the probe interacts, which we access by measuring the survival probability of the initial state of the probe as function of the energy-splitting and the process time. Fourier transforming the results yields the energy spectrum of the complex system. Without making assumptions about the strength or form of its coupling, our probe could determine aspects of a complex molecule's energy landscape as well as, in many cases, test for coherent superposition of its energy eigenstates.
description: 8+8 pages, 4 figures
title: The Effects of an Equine Riding Simulator as an Objective Feedback Modality on Learning Outcomes for Rider Competency on Performance Skills in Equestrian Riding Fundamentals
Creators: name: Munns, Kelli
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: This study examined the effects of different feedback modalities provided during simulated-based practice on performance and perceptions. In addition, the research also addressed the relationship between participants' feedback literacy, perceptions, and improvement scores. The purpose of this research was motivated by the emerging equine simulation technology that provides feedback on movement and coordination during complex motor skill acquisition. Selecting an effective feedback approach for simulation-based practice in motor skill learning is contingent on the complexity of the performance skill and the learner's experience. However, the learner's feedback literacy can result in contradictory performance and perceptions despite the feedback approach experienced. Feedback literacy is a concept that identifies a learner's ability to uptake feedback.
This mixed-methods study used the conceptual framework of Carless's 3P Model of the Learner Experience of Feedback. Seventy-five participants completed the study, consisting of three 10-minute practice sessions with a pre/posttest and an exit survey at the end of their third session.
The study demonstrated that the combination of instructor- and simulator-mediated feedback had the most significant impact on improvement scores by the completion of three practice sessions. Regardless of feedback modality, the novice participants had the most significant improvement score impact by the completion of three practice sessions. When an instructor provided feedback, participants had more positive perceptions of the practice experience. The study supported that the higher the participant's feedback literacy, the more they engaged in practice, appreciated feedback, and improved on performance scores, regardless of feedback received. The lower a participant's feedback literacy, the more negative they were about the experience and their perceived improvement, and the higher likelihood of disengaging during practice, regardless of feedback received.
The results indicate that a multi-modality approach to feedback in simulation-based motor skill practice is effective. The findings also support that feedback literacy influences a learner's engagement during practice, and instructor feedback can mitigate the negative influences of low feedback literacy. Conclusions from this research suggest that using a horseback riding simulator has the potential to improve riding seat skills and supports an equine welfare-minded approach to learning in equestrian sports.
Editorial
Creators: name: Vollbrecht, Ralf
name: Dallmann, Christine
Publisher: name: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik
Year: 2017

description: Nicht zuletzt aufgrund der hohen Zahl an Flüchtlingen in Deutschland erfährt auch das Lehren und Lernen von Deutsch als Fremdsprache einen Bedeutungsaufschwung. In dieser Ausgabe von Medienwelten werden zwei Studien vorgestellt, die auf ganz unterschiedliche Art und Weise die Frage nach einer medienpädagogischen Herangehensweise im Deutsch als Fremdsprache-Unterricht stellen.
description: Medienwelten – Zeitschrift für Medienpädagogik, Nr. 7 (2016): Deutsch als Fremdsprache
title: The Effects of Agroecological Farming Systems on Human Health
Creators: name: Mason, Olivia Kathryn
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: There is a growing concern that the current farming techniques are producing less-nutrient dense soils and foods impacting human health. To improve the health of soils, people, and the plant, a growing number of farmers are using regenerative, or agroecological, farming practices. Some of these methods include multi-cropping (growing various plants on the same plot of land), ley systems (alternating between crops and livestock), and rotational grazing of livestock. Previous studies have found that regenerative farming systems have various benefits for the lands, crops, and animals, as well as increasing the nutrient density of foods.
The purpose of this study was to compare conventional farming practices to regenerative farming practices on human health markers. Sixteen participants completed the study, where they consumed both a regeneratively-produced diet and a conventionally-produced diet for forty-four days with a two-week washout period between the two diet periods. At four different timepoints, blood was drawn from participants to analyze biomarkers of health. Overall, there was no differences in glucose, lipid, and inflammatory levels after the diet. There was significant data indicating there were positive differences between participants' habitual diet and the whole-foods diet that both study diets were based upon. The work showed that there are positive health indications from consuming a whole-foods diet versus a typical standard American diet rich in ultra-processed foods. Future work will include deep metabolic profiling of the blood and stool samples of people.
Open Access Week 2023
Creators: name: University Of Texas At Austin
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2023
Subjects: open access
OA Week
Open Access Week
OA
scholarly communication
sticker shock

description: OA Week is an international event designed to increase awareness of open access issues. For OA Week 2023, UT Libraries is coordinating a series of blog posts, a virtual discussion about UT support for open access publishing, and we've updated our Sticker Shock informational poster which was created using Canva.
title: An Ensemble Approach for Mapping Snow Water Equivalent in Utah
Creators: name: Schneider, Logan
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2023

description: Mountain snowpack is an important resource for water management planning in Utah. Snow water equivalent (SWE) is the amount of water contained in a snowpack. A few organizations predict SWE throughout the United States but struggle making accurate predictions in mountainous regions. Weather stations provide accurate measurements of SWE but have limited spatial coverage that hinders the ability to make accurate estimates statewide. This thesis examines the accuracy of current models and proposes using local weather measurements to improve upon national level predictions. An R statistical software package named rsnodas implements this process while allowing the public access to a variety of temperature and SWE datasets. The package also provides a method for combining predictions from different data sources, which has the advantage of improving the stability of the predictions over time and space. This thesis includes a discussion of the general merits of the map combination approach along with potential avenues for improvement in the future.
Barjols, place de la Rouguière, portique, palan et bois prêts pour l'arrivée du boeuf
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Synchronization over $Z_2$ and community detection in multiplex signed networks with constraints
Creators: name: Cucuringu, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finding group elements from noisy measurements of their pairwise ratios is also known as the group synchronization problem, first introduced in the context of the group SO(2) of planar rotations, whose usefulness has been demonstrated recently in engineering and structural biology. Here, we focus on synchronization over $\mathbb{Z}_2$, and consider the problem of identifying communities in a multiplex network when the interaction between the nodes is described by a signed (possibly weighted) measure of similarity, and when the multiplex network has a natural partition into two communities. When one has the additional information that certain subsets of nodes represent the same unknown group element, we consider and compare several algorithms based on spectral, semidefinite programming (SDP) and message passing algorithms. In other words, all nodes within such a subset represent the same unknown group element, and one has available noisy pairwise measurements between pairs of nodes that belong to different non-overlapping subsets. Following a recent analysis of the eigenvector method for synchronization over SO(2), we analyze the robustness to noise of the eigenvector method for synchronization over $\mathbb{Z}_2$, when the underlying graph of pairwise measurements is the Erdős-Rényi random graph, using results from the random matrix theory literature. We also propose a message passing synchronization algorithm that outperforms the existing eigenvector synchronization algorithm only for certain classes of graphs and noise models, and enjoys the flexibility of incorporating constraints that may not be easily accommodated by other spectral or SDP-based methods. We apply our methods both to several synthetic models and a real data set of roll call voting patterns in the U.S. Congress across time, to identify the two existing communities, i.e., the Democratic and Republican parties.
description: 28 pages in Journal of Complex Networks, 2015