cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design, Manufacturing and Open-Loop Control of a Soft Pneumatic Arm
Creators: name: García-Samartín, Jorge Francisco
name: Rieker, Adrián
name: Barrientos, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Soft Robots distinguish themselves from traditional robots by embracing flexible kinematics. Because of their recent emergence, there exist numerous uncharted territories, including novel actuators, manufacturing processes, and advanced control methods. This research is centred on the design, fabrication, and control of a pneumatic soft robot. The principal objective is to develop a modular soft robot featuring with multiple segments, each one of three degrees of freedom. This yields to tubular structure with five independent degrees of freedom, enabling motion across three spatial dimensions. Physical construction leverages tin-cured silicone and a wax casting method, refined through iterative processes. 3D-printed PLA moulds, filled with silicone, yield the desired model, while bladder-like structures, are formed within using solidified paraffin wax positive moulds. For control, an empirically fine-tuned open-loop system is adopted. The project culminates in rigorous testing bending ability and weight carrying capacity and possible applications are discussed.
The three-loop Adler $D$-function for ${\cal N}=1$ SQCD regularized by dimensional reduction
Creators: name: Aleshin, S. S.
name: Kataev, A. L.
name: Stepanyantz, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-loop Adler $D$-function for ${\cal N}=1$ SQCD in the $\overline{\mbox{DR}}$ scheme is calculated starting from the three-loop result recently obtained with the higher covariant derivative regularization. For this purpose, for the theory regularized by higher derivatives we find a subtraction scheme in which the Green functions coincide with the ones obtained with the dimensional reduction and the modified minimal subtraction prescription for the renormalization of the SQCD coupling constant and of the matter superfields. Also we calculate the $D$-function in the $\overline{\mbox{DR}}$ scheme for all renormalization constants (including the one for the electromagnetic coupling constant which appears due to the SQCD corrections). It is shown that the results do not satisfy the NSVZ-like equation relating the $D$-function to the anomalous dimension of the matter superfields. However, the NSVZ-like scheme can be constructed with the help of a properly tuned finite renormalization. It is also demonstrated that the three-loop $D$-function defined in terms of the bare couplings with the dimensional reduction does not satisfy the NSVZ-like equation for an arbitrary renormalization prescription. We also investigate a possibility to present the results in the form of the $β$-expansion and the scheme dependence of this expansion.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, improved conclusion, version accepted for publication in JHEP
Necessary conditions for the formation of filaments and star clusters in the cold neutral medium
Creators: name: Pillsworth, Rachel
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star formation takes place in filamentary molecular clouds which arise by physical processes that take place in the cold, neutral medium (CNM). We address the necessary conditions for this diffuse ($n \approx 30$ cm$^{-3}$), cold (T $\approx$ 60 K), magnetized gas undergoing shock waves and supersonic turbulence, to produce filamentary structures capable of fragmenting into cluster forming regions. Using RAMSES and a magnetized CNM environment as our initial conditions, we simulate a 0.5 kpc turbulent box to model a uniform gas with magnetic field strength of 7 $μG$, varying the 3D velocity dispersion via decaying turbulence. We use a surface density of $320 M_{\odot} pc^{-2}$, representative of the inner 4.0 kpc CMZ of the Milky Way and typical luminous galaxies. Filamentary molecular clouds are formed dynamically via shocks within a narrow range of velocity dispersions in the CNM of 5 - 10 km/s with a preferred value at 8 km/s. Cluster sink particles appear in filaments which exceed their critical line mass, occurring optimally for velocity dispersions of 8 km/s. Tracking the evolution of magnetic fields, we find that they lead to double the dense star forming gas than in purely hydro runs. Perpendicular orientations between magnetic field and filaments can increase the accretion rates onto filaments and hence their line masses. Because magnetic fields help support gas, MHD runs result in average temperatures an order of magnitude higher than unmagnetized counterparts. Finally, we find magnetic fields delay the onset of cluster formation by $\propto 0.4$ Myr.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, to be published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society accepted December 22 2023
Reaction mechanisms for two-neutron halo breakup
Creators: name: Garrido, E.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a reaction mechanism which is consistent with all available experimental information of high energy three-body breakup processes. The dominating channels are removal of one of the three halo particles leaving the other two either undisturbed or absorbed. We compare with the commonly used deceptive assumption of a decay through two-body resonance states. Our predictions can be tested by measuring neutron-neutron invariant mass spectra.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Phys.Rev.Lett
Modern Computing: Vision and Challenges
Creators: name: Gill, Sukhpal Singh
name: Wu, Huaming
name: Patros, Panos
name: Ottaviani, Carlo
name: Arora, Priyansh
name: Pujol, Victor Casamayor
name: Haunschild, David
name: Parlikad, Ajith Kumar
name: Cetinkaya, Oktay
name: Lutfiyya, Hanan
name: Stankovski, Vlado
name: Li, Ruidong
name: Ding, Yuemin
name: Qadir, Junaid
name: Abraham, Ajith
name: Ghosh, Soumya K.
name: Song, Houbing Herbert
name: Sakellariou, Rizos
name: Rana, Omer
name: Rodrigues, Joel J. P. C.
name: Kanhere, Salil S.
name: Dustdar, Schahram
name: Uhlig, Steve
name: Ramamohanarao, Kotagiri
name: Buyya, Rajkumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the past six decades, the computing systems field has experienced significant transformations, profoundly impacting society with transformational developments, such as the Internet and the commodification of computing. Underpinned by technological advancements, computer systems, far from being static, have been continuously evolving and adapting to cover multifaceted societal niches. This has led to new paradigms such as cloud, fog, edge computing, and the Internet of Things (IoT), which offer fresh economic and creative opportunities. Nevertheless, this rapid change poses complex research challenges, especially in maximizing potential and enhancing functionality. As such, to maintain an economical level of performance that meets ever-tighter requirements, one must understand the drivers of new model emergence and expansion, and how contemporary challenges differ from past ones. To that end, this article investigates and assesses the factors influencing the evolution of computing systems, covering established systems and architectures as well as newer developments, such as serverless computing, quantum computing, and on-device AI on edge devices. Trends emerge when one traces technological trajectory, which includes the rapid obsolescence of frameworks due to business and technical constraints, a move towards specialized systems and models, and varying approaches to centralized and decentralized control. This comprehensive review of modern computing systems looks ahead to the future of research in the field, highlighting key challenges and emerging trends, and underscoring their importance in cost-effectively driving technological progress.
description: Preprint submitted to Telematics and Informatics Reports, Elsevier (2024)
The burden of osteoporosis in four Latin American countries: Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina
Creators: name: Aziziyeh, Rima
name: Amin, Mo
name: Mohdhar Habib
name: Perlaza, Javier Garcia
name: Szafranski, Kirk
name: McTavish, Rebecca K.
name: Disher, Tim
name: Lüdke, Ana
name: Cameron, Chris
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: Osteoporosis is under-diagnosed and under-treated worldwide. Information on the burden of osteoporosis in Latin American countries is limited. This study aimed to estimate the economic burden of osteoporosis in adults aged 50–89 years in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina. Methods: Analyses were conducted using a burden of illness model. Where possible, country-specific model inputs were informed by a systematic review and expert opinion. Osteoporosis-related fracture costs were calculated for hospitalizations, testing, surgeries, prescription drugs, and patient productivity losses. Costs were expressed in 2018 USD for the annual burden, annual burden per 1,000 at risk, and projected 5-year burden. No discounting was applied. Results: Over 840,000 osteoporosis-related fractures were predicted to occur in 2018, amounting to a total annual cost of ∼1.17 billion USD. The total projected 5-year cost was ∼6.25 billion USD. Annual costs were highest in Mexico (411 million USD), followed by Argentina (360 million USD), Brazil (310 million USD), and Colombia (94 million USD). The average burden per 1,000 at risk was greatest in Argentina (32,583 USD), followed by Mexico (16,671 USD), Colombia (8,240 USD), and Brazil (6,130 USD). Conclusions: Over the next 5 years, ∼4,485,352 fractures are anticipated to occur in Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, and Argentina. To control and prevent these fractures, stakeholders must work together to close the care gap. Efforts to identify individuals at high fracture risk, initiate treatment, and improve long-term treatment persistence will be essential in minimizing the financial and patient burden of osteoporosis in Latin America.
Series solution of a ten-parameter second order differential equation with three regular and one irregular singularities
Creators: name: Alhaidari, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34-xx, 81Qxx, 33C45, 33D45

description: We introduce a ten-parameter ordinary linear differential equation of the second order with four singular points. Three of these are finite and regular whereas the fourth is irregular at infinity. We use the tridiagonal representation approach to obtain a solution of the equation as bounded infinite series of square integrable functions that are written in terms of the Jacobi polynomials. The expansion coefficients of the series satisfy three-term recursion relation, which is solved in terms of a modified version of the continuous Hahn orthogonal polynomial.
description: 9 pages
ALMA, ATCA, and Spitzer Observations of the Luminous Extragalactic Supernova SN 1978K
Creators: name: Smith, I. A.
name: Ryder, S. D.
name: Kotak, R.
name: Kool, E. C.
name: Randall, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Only three extragalactic supernovae have been detected at late times at millimeter wavelengths: SN 1987A, SN 1978K, and SN 1996cr. SN 1978K is a remarkably luminous Type IIn supernova that remains bright at all wavelengths 40 years after its explosion. Here we present Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) observations taken in 2016 using Bands 3, 4, 6, and 7 that show a steepening in the spectrum. An absorbed single power law model broadly fits all the radio and millimeter observations, but would require significant chromatic variability. Alternatively, a broken power law fits the radio-millimeter spectrum: this can be explained using an ultra-relativistic spherical blast wave in a wind scaling with a cooling break, as in a gamma-ray burst afterglow. Using updated Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) light curves, we show the non-thermal radio continuum continues to decay as $t^{-1.53}$; in the fireball model, this independently defines the power law indices found in the radio-millimeter spectrum. Supernovae such as SN 1978K might be important contributors to the Universal dust budget: only SN 1978K was detected in a search for warm dust in supernovae in the transitional phase (age 10-100 years). Using Spitzer Space Telescope observations, we show that at least some of this dust emission has been decaying rapidly as $t^{-2.45}$ over the past decade, suggesting it is being destroyed. Depending on the modeling of the synchrotron emission, the ALMA observations suggest there may be emission from a cold dust component.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Relaxation of the field-cooled magnetization of an Ising spin glass
Creators: name: Jonsson, T.
name: Jonason, K.
name: Nordblad, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time and temperature dependence of the field-cooled magnetization of a three dimensional Ising spin glass, Fe_{0.5}Mn_{0.5}TiO_{3}, has been investigated. The temperature and cooling rate dependence is found to exhibit memory phenomena that can be related to the memory behavior of the low frequency ac-susceptibility. The results add some further understanding on how to model the three dimensional Ising spin glass in real space.
description: 8 pages RevTEX, 5 figures
BUT-FIT at SemEval-2019 Task 7: Determining the Rumour Stance with Pre-Trained Deep Bidirectional Transformers
Creators: name: Fajcik, Martin
name: Burget, Lukáš
name: Smrz, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes our system submitted to SemEval 2019 Task 7: RumourEval 2019: Determining Rumour Veracity and Support for Rumours, Subtask A (Gorrell et al., 2019). The challenge focused on classifying whether posts from Twitter and Reddit support, deny, query, or comment a hidden rumour, truthfulness of which is the topic of an underlying discussion thread. We formulate the problem as a stance classification, determining the rumour stance of a post with respect to the previous thread post and the source thread post. The recent BERT architecture was employed to build an end-to-end system which has reached the F1 score of 61.67% on the provided test data. It finished at the 2nd place in the competition, without any hand-crafted features, only 0.2% behind the winner.
description: This work has been submitted to NAACL SemEval workshop. Work in progress
Investigating the compatibility of exact solutions in Weyl-type $f(Q,T)$ gravity with observational data
Creators: name: Koussour, M.
name: Myrzakulova, S.
name: Myrzakulov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate the dynamics of the Universe during the observed late-time acceleration phase within the framework of the Weyl-type $f(Q,T)$ theory. Specifically, we consider a well-motivated model with the functional form $f(Q,T)=αQ+\frac{β}{6κ^2}T$, where $Q$ represents the scalar of non-metricity and $T$ denotes the trace of the energy-momentum tensor. In this context, the non-metricity $Q_{μαβ}$ of the space-time is established by the vector field $w_μ$. The parameters $α$ and $β$ govern the gravitational field and its interaction with the matter content of the Universe. By considering the case of dust matter, we obtain exact solutions for the field equations and observe that the Hubble parameter $H(z)$ follows a power-law behavior with respect to redshift $z$. To constrain the model parameters, we analyze various datasets including the $Hubble$, $Pantheon$ datasets, and their combination. Our results indicate that the Weyl-type $f(Q,T)$ theory offers a viable alternative to explain the observed late-time acceleration of the Universe avoiding the use of dark energy.
description: Special Issue Celebrating the 20th Anniversary of IJGMMP
Gauge factor of thick film resistors: outcomes of the variable range hopping model
Creators: name: Grimaldi, C.
name: Ryser, P.
name: Straessler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite a large amount of data and numerous theoretical proposals, the microscopic mechanism of transport in thick film resistors remains unclear. However, recent low temperature measurements point toward a possible variable range hopping mechanism of transport. Here we examine how such a mechanism affects the gauge factor of thick film resistors. We find that at sufficiently low temperatures $T$, for which the resistivity follows the Mott's law $R(T)\sim \exp(T_0/T)^{1/4}$, the gauge factor GF is proportional to $(T_0/T)^{1/4}$. Moreover, the inclusion of Coulomb gap effects leads to ${\rm GF}\sim (T_0'/T)^{1/2}$ at lower temperatures. In addition, we study a simple model which generalizes the variable range hopping mechanism by taking into account the finite mean inter-grain spacing. Our results suggest a possible experimental verification of the validity of the variable range hopping in thick film resistors.
description: 7 pages, 3 eps figures, submitted to Journal of Applied Physics
Reduce the Waiting Time for New Referrals in a Private Dermatology Clinic
Creators: name: Luc, Sandy
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: 110304 Dermatology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Long waiting lists are continuing to be a global healthcare issue and Ireland is no exception. The World Health Organisation declared a global pandemic in early 2020 and as a consequence, waiting lists are lengthened even further. Data collection from this study revealed that in November 2019, a total of 181 patients attended the private dermatology clinic yet only 8% were new patients. The average time new patients waited for this appointment was 121.77 days. In November 2019 the practice received 48 referrals from general practitioners and similarly, patients were required to wait for an average of 121.8 days before their first appointment. Moles or lesions requiring further investigation were the most common reason for referral (56%) followed by acne (15%). Further data collection and analysis was unattainable due to the cessation of clinical placement as a result of COVID-19 at the time. However, data did show a large volume of return patients attended the clinic. The focus of this quality improvement plan is to reduce waiting times for new patients referred to a private dermatology clinic. Patients referred due to suspicious moles or lesions will be streamlined to a nonphysician led clinic, specifically an Advanced Practice Provider, to see these cohort of patients. The Lean Six Sigma Model with the use of the DMAIC framework and quality improvement tools assisted with the development of this project. This proposed plan anticipates to reduce waiting times for new patients by 50% following two years of implementation.
Supplementary document for Broadband Second Harmonic Generation from Artificial Optical Nonlinearity - 5190824.pdf
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Wen, Yongzheng
name: Sun, Jingbo
name: Zhou, Ji
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Mathematical details, simulation settings, schematics of the control samples, linear spectra, extraction of second harmonics, reflection spectrum of SHG, intensity and polarization dependences of SHG, fields decomposition, and dark mode resonance.
Microporotriol, a new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid from the cultures of the wood-decay fungus Microporus affinis HFG829
Creators: name: Zhao, Zhen-Zhu
name: Liu, Ji-Kai
name: Chen, He-Ping
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A new cadinane-type sesquiterpenoid, microporotriol (1), together with four known compound, 5-methylresorcinol (2), (22E,24R)-ergosta-4,6,8(14),22-tetraen-3-one (3), (22E,24R)-ergosta-5,7,22-trien-3β-ol (4), (22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxy-ergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (5), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the wood decaying fungus Microporus affinis HFG829. The structures of the compounds were established by extensive spectroscopic methods, including 1D & 2D NMR, along with HRMS spectroscopic analysis. The relative configuration of 1 was confirmed by NMR calculation. Compound 1 was evaluated for the cytotoxicity against five human cancer cell lines.
Self-energy Effects in the Superfluidity of Neutron Matter
Creators: name: Lombardo, U.
name: Schuck, P.
name: Zuo, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superfluidity of neutron matter in the channel $^1 S_0$ is studied by taking into account the effect of the ground-state correlations in the self-energy. To this purpose the gap equation has been solved within the generalized Gorkov approach. A sizeable suppression of the energy gap is driven by the quasi-particle strength around the Fermi surface.
description: 8 pages and 3 figures
Sesquiterpenes produced by Pestalotiopsis microspora HF 12440 isolated from Artocarpus heterophyllus
Creators: name: Riga, Riga
name: Happyana, Nizar
name: Euis Holisotan Hakim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: A drimane-type sesquiterpene, (+)-dendocarbin L (1) together with two bisabolane-type sesquiterpenes, (+)-sydonic acid (2) and (+)-sydowic acid (3) were isolated from the mycelium of Pestalotiopsis microspora HF 12440, an endophytic fungus from the stem of Artocarpus heterophyllus. The structures of all compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic methods and by comparison with the literature. Compound 1 was isolated from the fungi for the first time, compounds 2 and 3 were firstly obtained from this endophytic fungus. Compound 3 showed cytotoxicity (IC50 2.56 μg/mL) against murine leukemia P-388 cells.
Transition of a prestine Mott insulator to a correlated Fermi liquid: Pressure-dependent optical investigations of a quantum spin liquid
Creators: name: Li, Weiwu
name: Pustogow, Andrej
name: Kato, Reizo
name: Dressel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic pressure- and temperature-dependent infrared studies on the two-dimensional organic quantum spin-liquid $β^{\prime}$-EtMe$_3$Sb[Pd(dmit)$_2$]$_2$ disclose the electronic and lattice evolution across the Mott insulator-metal transition. Increasing hydrostatic pressure continuously suppresses the insulating ground state; for $p>0.6$~GPa, a Drude-like component develops indicating the appearance of coherent quasiparticles at the Fermi level. In the vicinity of the Mott transition, not only the electronic state changes rapidly, but also the vibration modes exhibit a jump both in frequency and Fano constant, underlining the strong coupling between lattice and electrons. The anisotropy of the in-plane optical response becomes inverted above 0.6~GPa. The findings are discussed in detail and summarized in a phase diagram comprising different experimental approaches.
Asymmetry in $\vec{n} + p -> d + γ$
Creators: name: Hyun, Chang Ho
name: Park, Tae-Sun
name: Min, Dong-Pil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy-baryon chiral perturbation theory (HBChPT) is applied to the asymmetry $A_γ$ in $\vec{n} + p \to d + γ$ at threshold, which arises due to the weak parity non-conserving interactions. Instead of appealing to Siegert's theorem, transition operators up to next-to-leading chiral order are derived and the corresponding amplitudes are evaluated with the Argonne $v_{18}$ wavefunctions. In addition to the impulse contribution, both parity-conserving and parity-non-conserving two-body one-pion-exchange diagrams appear up to this order. Our prediction for the asymmetry is $A_γ= - 0.10 \hpiNN$, which is close to the Siegert's theorem based result, $A_γ\simeq -0.11 \hpiNN$. This illustrates that HBChPT is effective in the parity-non-conserving physics.
description: Discussions are extensively refined. To appear in Phys. Lett. B
Edge Multiscale Methods for elliptic problems with heterogeneous coefficients
Creators: name: Fu, Shubin
name: Chung, Eric
name: Li, Guanglian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we proposed two new types of edge multiscale methods motivated by \cite{GL18} to solve Partial Differential Equations (PDEs) with high-contrast heterogeneous coefficients: Edge spectral multiscale Finte Element method (ESMsFEM) and Wavelet-based edge multiscale Finite Element method (WEMsFEM). Their convergence rates for elliptic problems with high-contrast heterogeneous coefficients are demonstrated in terms of the coarse mesh size $H$, the number of spectral basis functions and the level of the wavelet space $\ell$, which are verified by extensive numerical tests.
Additional file 2: of Mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of ulcerative colitis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of experimental and clinical studies
Creators: name: Shi, Xiao
name: Chen, Qi
name: Wang, Fen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer

description: Source of heterogeneity (Table S1, Table S2, Table S3). (DOCX 123 kb)
Emerging Edge Computing Technologies for Distributed Internet of Things (IoT) Systems
Creators: name: Alnoman, Ali
name: Sharma, Shree Krishna
name: Ejaz, Waleed
name: Anpalagan, Alagan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ever-increasing growth in the number of connected smart devices and various Internet of Things (IoT) verticals is leading to a crucial challenge of handling massive amount of raw data generated from distributed IoT systems and providing real-time feedback to the end-users. Although existing cloud-computing paradigm has an enormous amount of virtual computing power and storage capacity, it is not suitable for latency-sensitive applications and distributed systems due to the involved latency and its centralized mode of operation. To this end, edge/fog computing has recently emerged as the next generation of computing systems for extending cloud-computing functions to the edges of the network. Despite several benefits of edge computing such as geo-distribution, mobility support and location awareness, various communication and computing related challenges need to be addressed in realizing edge computing technologies for future IoT systems. In this regard, this paper provides a holistic view on the current issues and effective solutions by classifying the emerging technologies in regard to the joint coordination of radio and computing resources, system optimization and intelligent resource management. Furthermore, an optimization framework for edge-IoT systems is proposed to enhance various performance metrics such as throughput, delay, resource utilization and energy consumption. Finally, a Machine Learning (ML) based case study is presented along with some numerical results to illustrate the significance of edge computing.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, submitted to IEEE Wireless Communications Magazine
A generalized spin model of financial markets
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debashish
name: Stauffer, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We reformulate the Cont-Bouchaud model of financial markets in terms of classical "super-spins" where the spin value is a measure of the number of individual traders represented by a portfolio manager of an investment agency. We then extend this simplified model by switching on interactions among the super-spins to model the tendency of agencies getting influenced by the opinion of other managers. We also introduce a fictitious temperature (to model other random influences), and time-dependent local fields to model slowly changing optimistic or pessimistic bias of traders. We point out close similarities between the price variations in our model with $N$ super-spins and total displacements in an $N$-step Levy flight. We demonstrate the phenomena of natural and artificially created bubbles and subsequent crashes as well as the occurrence of "fat tails" in the distributions of stock price variations.
description: 11 pages LATEX, 7 postscript figures; longer text with theoretical analysis, more accurate numerical data, better terminology, additional references. Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal B
Iron role paradox in nerve degeneration and regeneration
Creators: name: Bolandghamat, Samira
name: Behnam-Rassouli, Morteza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Iron accumulates in the neural tissue during peripheral nerve degeneration. Some studies have already been suggested that iron facilitates Wallerian degeneration (WD) events such as Schwann cell de-differentiation. On the other hand, intracellular iron levels remain elevated during nerve regeneration and gradually decrease. Iron enhances Schwann cell differentiation and axonal outgrowth. Therefore, there seems to be a paradox in the role of iron during nerve degeneration and regeneration. We explain this contradiction by suggesting that the increase in intracellular iron concentration during peripheral nerve degeneration is likely to prepare neural cells for the initiation of regeneration. Changes in iron levels are the result of changes in the expression of iron homeostasis proteins. In this review, we will first discuss the changes in the iron/iron homeostasis protein levels during peripheral nerve degeneration and regeneration and then explain how iron is related to nerve regeneration. This data may help better understand the mechanisms of peripheral nerve repair and find a solution to prevent or slow the progression of peripheral neuropathies.
Vector Meson Propagator and Baryon Current Conservation
Creators: name: Wu, S. S.
name: Zhang, H. X.
name: Yao, Y. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If baryons couple only with $ω$-mesons, one found the baryon spectral function may be negative. We show this unacceptable result is caused by the $k_μk_ν$-terms in the $ω$-meson propagator. Their contribution may not vanish in approximate calculations which violate the baryon current conserves. A rule is suggested, by which the calculated baryon spectral function is well behaved.
description: 9 pages (LaTeX file), 3 figures (PostScript file)
Additional file 1 of Optimized bisulfite sequencing analysis reveals the lack of 5-methylcytosine in mammalian mitochondrial DNA
Creators: name: Shao, Zhenyu
name: Han, Yang
name: Zhou, Dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Low sequencing depth causes false methylation calls in the published WGBS data. Figure S2. WGBS mapping results of BSseeker2 are akin to those of Bismark. Figure S3. Methylation profiles of four HEK293T replicates. Figure S4. Methylation profiles of human cord blood-derived platelets. Figure S5. Methylation profiles of NA12878 DNA by WGBS and EM-seq. Figure S6. PCR amplification of mtDNA genes Cox1, Cox2 and Nd5 in mouse sperm produces amplicons from NUMTs. Figure S7. No 5mC was detected in the mtDNA from mouse MII oocyte. Figure S8. The original image of uncropped DNA gel. Table S1. WGBS sequencing depth of L and H strand in different studies. Table S2. Representative NUMTs and corresponding regions in mtDNA in mouse genome (mm10 reference genome). Table S3. Representative NUMTs and corresponding regions in mtDNA in human genome (Hg38 reference genome). Table S4. Primers for linearization analysis. Table S5. PCR primers for Sanger Bisulfite sequencing. Table S6. Primers for PCR amplification of mtDNA genes. Table S7. qPCR primers for analyzing mtDNA enrichment. Table S8. Published datasets used in this study.
Near-mid infrared spectroscopy of carbonaceous chondrites: Insights into spectral variation due to aqueous alteration and thermal metamorphism in asteroids
Creators: name: Yu, Jinfei
name: Zhao, Haibin
name: Cloutis, Edward A.
name: Kurokawa, Hiroyuki
name: Wu, Yunzhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbonaceous chondrites (CCs) are windows into the early Solar system and the histories of their parent bodies. Their infrared spectral signatures are powerful proxies for deciphering their composition and evolution history, but still present formidable challenges. In our study, we delved into the infrared spectra spanning 1-25 micron of 17 CCs, with distinct petrological characteristics and varying degrees of alteration. As aqueous alteration intensifies, the 3 micron-region absorption feature associated with OH-bearing minerals and water, and the 6 micron band indicative of water molecules, both grow in intensity. Simultaneously, their band centers shift towards shorter wavelengths. Moreover, as alteration progresses, a distinctive absorption feature emerges near 2.72 micron, resembling the OH absorption feature found in serpentine and saponite minerals. Comparison of aqueous alteration to laboratory-heated CCs suggests that the 3 micron region OH/H2O absorption feature differs between CC heated to less than or more than ~300C. The 12.4 micron/11.4 micron reflectance ratio diminishes, and the reflectance peak in the 9-14 micron range shifts towards shorter wavelengths. These changes are attributed to the transformation of anhydrous silicates into phyllosilicates. In the 15-25 micron region, the influence of thermal metamorphism becomes evident and results in the appearance of more spectral features, the single reflectance peak at 22.1 micron undergoes a transformation into two distinct peaks at 19 micron and 25 micron, which is primarily attributed to the increased presence of anhydrous silicates and olivine recrystallization. These findings offer novel insights into the volatile-rich compositions of C-complex asteroids and the thermal evolution histories of their parent bodies.
description: Accepted by Icarus, 7028 total words, 11 figures, 1 table
Ga NMR study of the local susceptibility in SrCr8Ga4O19: pseudogap and paramagnetic defects
Creators: name: Mendels, P.
name: Keren, A.
name: Limot, L.
name: Mekata, M.
name: Collin, G.
name: Horvatic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first Ga(4f) NMR study of the Cr susceptibility in the archetype of Kagome based frustrated antiferromagnets, SrCr$_{8}$Ga$_{4}$O$_{19}$. Our major finding is that the susceptibility of the frustrated lattice goes through a maximum around 50 K. Our data also supports the existence of paramagnetic ``clusters'' of spins, responsible for the Curie behavior observed in the macroscopic susceptibility at low T. These results set novel features for the constantly debated physics of geometrically frustrated magnets.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures Submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Nonthermal emission in the lobes of Fornax A
Creators: name: Persic, Massimo
name: Rephaeli, Yoel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current measurements of the spectral energy distribution in radio, X-and-gamma-ray provide a sufficiently wide basis for determining basic properties of energetic electrons and protons in the extended lobes of the radio galaxy Fornax A. Of particular interest is establishing observationally, for the first time, the level of contribution of energetic protons to the extended emission observed by the Fermi satellite. Two recent studies concluded that the observed gamma-ray emission is unlikely to result from Compton scattering of energetic electrons off the optical radiation field in the lobes, and therefore that the emission originates from decays of neutral pions produced in interactions of energetic protons with protons in the lobe plasma, implying an uncomfortably high proton energy density. However, our exact calculation of the emission by energetic electrons in the magnetized lobe plasma leads to the conclusion that all the observed emission can, in fact, be accounted for by energetic electrons scattering off the ambient optical radiation field, whose energy density (which, based on recent observations, is dominated by emission from the central galaxy NGC 1316) we calculate to be higher than previously estimated.
description: Corrected typos; added reference; revised figure; result unchanged
Improving Compliance with a Novel Pre-Operative Assessment Pathway for Neurosurgical Referrals.
Creators: name: Lynch, Natasha
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 119999 Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences
subject: Health Care
subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The clinical presentation of neurosurgical patients tends to be sporadic in nature. These patients present to healthcare settings across the country before being referred to the National Referral Centre for Neurosurgery and Neurology in Ireland. The growing demands on the healthcare sector, such as an ageing population and finite resources, has limited the luxury of in-patient pre-operative assessment days prior to surgery. The organisation in question had established a nurse-led pre-operative assessment clinic for elective neurosurgical referrals. This pre-assessment clinic improved the day of surgery admission rate by almost 50%. An additional cohort of neurosurgical patient referrals were identified, which are neither surgically elective nor emergency, but deemed ‘urgent.’ These are predominantly patients with newly diagnosed brain tumours. In October 2019, the Neurosurgery Outreach Pre-Operative Assessment Service (NeurO-PAS) was established at this organisation to pre-assess urgent brain tumour referrals from the referring hospital – prior to inter-hospital transfer. This quality improvement (QI) project aims to improve compliance with the NeurO-PAS pathway, therefore, reducing the investigation duplication rate. The Lean Six Sigma QI model was utilised to develop this project, under guidance of the DMAIC framework. QI tools, such as, stakeholder analysis, process flow maps and a fishbone diagram, were compiled to identify the root cause of duplicated investigations. Analysis of collected data portrays that duplications are associated with a lack of pathway awareness and communication breakdown. Improved compliance with the pathway could potentially reduce the rate of investigations duplicated, thus, improving the patient flow to neurosurgery.
Biased diffusion in a one-dimensional adsorbed monolayer
Creators: name: Benichou, O.
name: Cazabat, A. M.
name: Lemarchand, A.
name: Moreau, M.
name: Oshanin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dynamics of a probe particle, which performs biased diffusive motion in a one-dimensional adsorbed monolayer of mobile hard-core particles undergoing continuous exchanges with a vapor phase. In terms of a mean-field-type approach, based on the decoupling of the third-order correlation functions into a product of the pairwise correlations, we determine analytically the density profiles of the monolayer particles, as seen from the stationary moving probe, and calculate the terminal velocity, mobility and the self-diffusion coefficient of the probe. Our analytical results are confirmed by Monte Carlo simulations.
description: Latex, 16 pages, 5 figures, submitted to J. Stat. Phys
Eff Directly in OCaml
Creators: name: Kiselyov, Oleg
name: Sivaramakrishnan, KC
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The language Eff is an OCaml-like language serving as a prototype implementation of the theory of algebraic effects, intended for experimentation with algebraic effects on a large scale. We present the embedding of Eff into OCaml, using the library of delimited continuations or the multicore OCaml branch. We demonstrate the correctness of the embedding denotationally, relying on the tagless-final-style interpreter-based denotational semantics, including the novel, direct denotational semantics of multi-prompt delimited control. The embedding is systematic, lightweight, performant and supports even higher-order, 'dynamic' effects with their polymorphism. OCaml thus may be regarded as another implementation of Eff, broadening the scope and appeal of that language.
description: In Proceedings ML/OCAML 2016, arXiv:1812.10891
Additional file 7: of Population genetic structure of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici at the junction of Gansu, Sichuan and Shaanxi Provinces in China
Creators: name: Wang, Cuicui
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Chu, Bingyao
name: Wu, Bo
name: Ma, Zhanhong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Table S2. Sequence information for primers and ligation adapters used in the AFLP analysis (DOCX 13 kb)
Perisomalien A, a new cytotoxic scalarane sesterterpene from the fruits of Periploca somaliensis
Creators: name: Jabal, Khadijah A.
name: Abdallah, Hossam M.
name: Mohamed, Gamal A.
name: Shehata, Ibrahim A.
name: Alfaifi, Mohammad Y.
name: Serag Eldin I. Elbehairi
name: Abdulrahman A. Koshak
name: Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The CHCl3 fraction of MeOH extract of Periploca somaliensis (family Asclepiadaceae) fruits afforded a new scalarane sesterterpene, namely perisomalien A (1), along with lupeol acetate (2), β-amyrin (3), cycloart-23Z-ene-3β,25-diol (4), and β-sitosterol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (5). Their chemical structures were established by various spectroscopic analyses, in addition to comparison with the formerly reported data. Moreover, the cytotoxic activity of these metabolites was assessed towards MCF-7, HepG2, and HCT-116 tumour cell lines using sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay. Compound 4 showed the most potent cytotoxic profile with IC50 9.0 µM towards MCF-7, compared to doxorubicin (IC50 0.18 µM). Also, 1 and 4 possessed the most potent effect towards HepG2 with IC50s 26.7 and 25.9 μM, respectively. In addition, all tested compounds showed cytotoxic effects with IC50 values ranging from 19.9 to 39.3 µM against HCT-116.
Conversational Networks for Automatic Online Moderation
Creators: name: Papegnies, Etienne
name: Labatut, Vincent
name: Dufour, Richard
name: Linares, Georges
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Moderation of user-generated content in an online community is a challenge that has great socio-economical ramifications. However, the costs incurred by delegating this work to human agents are high. For this reason, an automatic system able to detect abuse in user-generated content is of great interest. There are a number of ways to tackle this problem, but the most commonly seen in practice are word filtering or regular expression matching. The main limitations are their vulnerability to intentional obfuscation on the part of the users, and their context-insensitive nature. Moreover, they are language-dependent and may require appropriate corpora for training. In this paper, we propose a system for automatic abuse detection that completely disregards message content. We first extract a conversational network from raw chat logs and characterize it through topological measures. We then use these as features to train a classifier on our abuse detection task. We thoroughly assess our system on a dataset of user comments originating from a French Massively Multiplayer Online Game. We identify the most appropriate network extraction parameters and discuss the discriminative power of our features, relatively to their topological and temporal nature. Our method reaches an F-measure of 83.89 when using the full feature set, improving on existing approaches. With a selection of the most discriminative features, we dramatically cut computing time while retaining most of the performance (82.65).