cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of particle production during inflation
Creators: name: Romano, Antonio Enea
name: Sasaki, Misao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The impact of particle production during inflation on the primordial curvature perturbation spectrum is investigated both analytically and numerically. We obtain an oscillatory behavior on small scales, while on large scales the spectrum is unaffected. The amplitude of the oscillations is proportional to the number of coupled fields, their mass, and the square of the coupling constant. The oscillations are due a discontinuity in the second time derivative of the inflaton, arising from a temporary violation of the slow-roll conditions. A similar effect on the power spectrum should be produced also in other inflationary models where the slow-roll conditions are temporarily violated.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Baryon Dissociation in a Strongly Coupled Plasma
Creators: name: Krishnan, Chethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the dual string theory, we study a circular baryonic configuration in a wind of strongly coupled N=4 Yang-Mills plasma blowing in the plane of the baryon, before and after a quark has dissociated from it. A simple enough model that captures many interesting features is when there are four quarks in the baryon. As a step towards phenomenology, we compare representative dissociated configurations, and make some comments about their energetics and other properties. Related results that we find include the observation that the screening length formula L_s T ~ (1-v^2)^{1/4} obtained previously for other color singlet configurations, is robust for circular baryons as well.
description: 34 pages, 16 figures
Weinberg power counting and the quark determinant at small chemical potential
Creators: name: Fraga, E. S.
name: Villavicencio, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an effective action for QCD by expanding the quark determinant in powers of the chemical potential at finite temperature in the case of massless quarks. To cut the infinite series we adopt the Weinberg power counting criteria. We compute the minimal effective action (~p^4), expanding in the external momentum, which implies the use of the hard thermal loop approximation. Our main result is a gauge invariant expression for the phase theta of the functional determinant in QCD, and recovers dimensional reduction in the high-temperature limit. We compute, analytically, in the range of p << 2 pi T, including perturbative and nonperturbative contributions, the latter treated within the mean field approximation. Implications for lattice simulations are briefly discussed.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. v2: title changed, expanded discussion and added example (calculation of at high temperature). Published in PRD
On common divisors of multinomial coefficients
Creators: name: Bergman, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B65 (Primary), 11A41, 11A63, 20B30 (Secondary)

description: Erdős and Szekeres showed in 1978 that for any four positive integers satisfying m_1+m_2 = n_1+n_2, the two binomial coefficients (m_1+m_2)!/m_1! m_2! and (n_1+n_2)!/n_1! n_2! have a common divisor >1. The analogous statement for families of k k-nomial coefficients (k>1) was conjectured in 1997 by David Wasserman. Erdős and Szekeres remark that if m_1, m_2, n_1, n_2 as above are all >1, there is probably a lower bound on the common divisor in question which goes to infinity as a function of m_1+m_2. Such a bound is here obtained. Results are proved that narrow the class of possible counterexamples to Wasserman's conjecture. On the other hand, several plausible generalizations of that conjecture are shown to be false.
description: 13 pages. Copy at http://math.berkeley.edu/~gbergman/papers may be updated more frequently than arXiv copy. I've "trimmed the fact", removing the discusion of the N=78 case, the results about various plausible generalizations having infinitely many counterexamples assuming Schinzel's conjecture, and the appendix about the 20 degrees of freedom of a certain orbit-set. These are now in http://math.berkeley.edu/~gbergman/papers/unpub/from_nomial.pdf (of which I may eventually arXiv the TeX file, when I feel it has stabilized). I've also fixed various mis-statements in this note, and outlined the results obtained about the open question (in section 5).
Reinforced random walks under memory lapses
Creators: name: González-Navarrete, Manuel
name: Hernández, Ranghely
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60F05, 60F15

description: We introduce a one-dimensional random walk, which at each step performs a reinforced dynamics with probability $θ$ and with probability $1 - θ$, the random walk performs a step independent of the past. We analyse its asymptotic behaviour, showing a law of large numbers and characterizing the diffusive and superdiffusive regions. We prove central limit theorems and law of iterated logarithm based on the martingale approach.
3D MIMO Scheme for Broadcasting Future Digital TV in Single Frequency Networks
Creators: name: Nasser, Youssef
name: Hélard, Jean-François
name: Crussière, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter introduces a 3D space-time-space block code for future digital TV systems. The code is based on a double layer structure for inter-cell and intra-cell transmission mode in single frequency networks. Without increasing the complexity of the receiver, the proposed code is very efficient for different transmission scenarios.
Localization properties of Dirac modes at the Roberge-Weiss phase transition
Creators: name: Cardinali, Marco
name: D'Elia, Massimo
name: Garosi, Francesco
name: Giordano, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the localization properties of the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes in QCD at imaginary chemical potential $\hatμ_I=π$ at temperatures above the Roberge-Weiss transition temperature $T_{\rm RW}$. We find that modes are localized up to a temperature-dependent "mobility edge" and delocalized above it, and that the mobility edge extrapolates to zero at a temperature compatible with $T_{\rm RW}$. This supports the existence of a strong connection between localization of the low Dirac modes and deconfinement, studied here for the first time in a model with a genuine deconfinement transition in the continuum limit in the presence of dynamical fermions.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Rezension: Kriegserlebnisse eines Friedliebenden. Aufzeichnungen aus dem Ersten Weltkrieg von Julius Deutsch
Creators: name: Gotz, Lucia
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2016

description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 54 Nr. 1 (2016): 1/2016 - Printmedien in Österreich
On exceptional collections on some log Del Pezzo surfaces with one singular point
Creators: name: Elagin, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we construct a full exceptional collection of sheaves on some family of log Del Pezzo surfaces, viewed as a smooth stack. These surfaces can be embedded as a quasi-smooth hypersurfaces into a certain weighted projective space, and they are not toric.
description: 14 pages
Bildungstechnologische Echtzeitanalyse
Creators: name: Swertz, Christian
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Learning Analystics und Educational Datamining können in pädagogischen Kontexten produktiv verwendet werden. Um die Grenzen und Möglichkeiten dieser Produktionen zu diskutieren, werden Learning Analytics und Educational Datamining als Genre verstanden, in dem die pädagogische Echtzeitanalyse im Mittelpunkt steht. In den Mittelpunkt gerückt wird die Selbststeuerung von Lernenden mit Mitteln der pädagogischen Echtzeitanalyse. Dazu werden Voraussetzungen, mögliche Einsatzfelder und Typen von Algorithmen entwickelt.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Informationelle Selbstbestimmung im Bildungsbereich
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Sebastian Elisa
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Datenschutz sollte – so die ab Mai 2018 anzuwendende EU-Datenschutz-Grundverordnung (DSG-VO) – in allen Prozessen, in denen mit personenbezogenen Daten umgegangen wird, gewährleistet sein. Wie sieht dies im Bildungsbereich aus? Der Beitrag zeigt auf, wie durch Auskunftsbegehren Klarheit über die vorliegenden Daten bei einer Institution gewonnen werden kann, aber auch in welchem Zwiespalt sich der Umgang mit Daten zwischen Persönlichkeitsschutz und Staatsschutz derzeit bewegt.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Pattern and Outcome of Medical Admissions at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital: A 5-Year Hospitalization Analysis
Creators: name: Akpan, Effiong
name: Udo, Aniema
name: Umoh, Idongesit
name: Ekeh, Bertha
name: Umoh, Victor
name: Ekanem, Anyiekere
name: Ekrikpo, Udeme
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: The pattern of hospital admission is necessary for proper planning and budgeting in health care. It also provides insights into the burden of disease in a particular community. Additionally, admission patterns also assist in reviewing the morbidity and mortality over the duration of the study and allow for proper planning and prevention of these occurrences.

 

Methodology: This is a five-year retrospective study of patients admitted to the medical wards. Patients' case notes were retrieved from the hospital's records department. Demographic data such as age, sex, occupation, and religion were extracted from the case notes. Clinical data such as diagnosis, date of admission and discharge, duration of stay, and cause of death were also extracted. Kaplan-Meier survival curves were plotted, and a multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to determine the independent predictors of mortality.

 

Results: A total of 2634 patient records were retrieved. The ages of patients ranged from 15 to 102 years, with a mean of 54.8 ± 16.5 years. There were more males 1374 (52.2%) against 1269(47.8%) females), p<0.001. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) accounted for 2286 (86.8%), with 348 (13.2%) being communicable diseases. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) 21.5%, acute kidney injury (5.0%), Stroke (19.9%), Heart failure (17.6%), and Diabetes (20.7%) were the leading NCDs. On the other hand, Tuberculosis (4.0%), and Pneumonia (1.4%), were the leading communicable diseases causing hospitalization. Older age groups ≥60 years (p= 0.02), kidney disease, (p< 0.001). HIV. (p=0.01) were independently associated with mortality.

 

Conclusion: The epidemiological transition to NCDs is well established in the adult population of Akwa Ibom State. Older age, kidney diseases, stroke, and HIV infection were independent predictors of mortality.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
Hydroxyurea therapy in sickle cell disease: knowledge and prescription patterns among care providers in a low-and middle-income setting
Creators: name: Ofakunrin, Akinyemi
name: Okpe, Edache
name: Olaosebikan, Rasaq
name: Ukpoju-Ebonyi, Onyeka
name: Afolaranmi, Tolulope
name: Kilson, Dandkat
name: Oguche, Stephen
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: Hydroxyurea is a safe, effective, and well-tolerated disease-modifying therapy for patients with sickle cell disease (SCD), leading to reduced morbidity, mortality, and an improved quality of life. However, its underutilization, driven by inadequate knowledge and variability in use among SCD care providers, may limit its benefits. This study assessed the knowledge and prescription patterns of hydroxyurea among SCD care providers in Jos, Nigeria.

 

Methodology: A cross-sectional survey of 132 physicians managing SCD was conducted to collect data on socio-demographics, hydroxyurea knowledge, and prescription patterns using a proforma. Knowledge was assessed using 17 questions (maximum score: 17). Scores above 12 (50th percentile) were classified as “good,” while scores of 12 or below were categorized as “poor.” Prescription patterns were evaluated against the National Institutes of Health (2014) and British Society for Haematology (2018) guidelines. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics.

 

Results: Sixty-seven (50.8%) of the 132 physicians had inadequate knowledge of hydroxyurea’s clinical benefits and safety. Only 35 (26.5%) were aware of available treatment guidelines, and 32 (24.2%) had ever prescribed hydroxyurea. Among prescribers, nine (28.1%) used inappropriate criteria to initiate treatment and six (18.8%) prescribed below recommended doses. The median maximum daily prescribed dose was 750mg, whereas five (15.6%) physicians did not exceed 200mg, irrespective of patient weight. Treatment guidelines

were not followed by 25 (78.1%) of prescribers.

 

Conclusion: This study revealed a high prevalence of inadequate knowledge and inconsistent hydroxyurea prescription practices among SCD care providers. Targeted training is essential to enhance hydroxyurea utilization and ensure adherence to standardized treatment guidelines, ultimately improving patient outcomes.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
Comparing Single Dose Versus Multiple Doses Antibiotic Prophylaxis in Preventing Surgical Site Infections Following Open Appendicectomy for Uncomplicated Appendicitis
Creators: name: Brotobor, Onoriode
name: Brotobor, Deliverance
name: Mukoro, Jemima
name: Odeyale, Adedamola
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: Acute appendicitis is the leading cause of acute surgical abdomen. Studies have shown that a single dose of antibiotics is as effective as multiple doses in preventing surgical site infections (SSI) after appendectomy, with advantages such as cost savings, fewer adverse reactions, and reduced risk of antibiotic resistance. Despite these benefits, multiple doses are still commonly used. This study compared the efficacy of single-dose versus multiple-dose antibiotic prophylaxis in preventing SSI after open appendectomy for uncomplicated appendicitis.

 

Methodology: A one-year prospective study was conducted at the university of Benin teaching hospital (UBTH), Benin City, involving 62 adult patients with uncomplicated appendicitis. A total of 76 patients were initially recruited, but after histological evaluation, 62 patients were analyzed, 29 received a single dose of antibiotics, and 33 received multiple doses following the exclusion of the negative appendicectomies. All patients were given intravenous 1.5 g cefuroxime and 500 mg metronidazole at anesthesia induction, with the multiple-dose group receiving two additional doses. Outcomes assessed included SSI occurrence, cost of antibiotics, and SSI management costs.

 

Results: SSI rates were similar between groups (3.5% vs. 3.0%), but the cost of multiple-dose regimens was over twice that of single-dose. Side effects were more frequent with multiple doses. Both SSI cases were superficial and associated with higher BMI.

 

Conclusion: Single-dose antibiotic prophylaxis is equally effective, more economical, and safer than multiple doses.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
On Issues in Swiss Cheese Compactifications
Creators: name: Misra, Aalok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a brief review of our previous works: [1,2]. We discuss two sets of issues. The first has to do with the possibility of getting a non-supersymmetric dS minimum without the addition of anti-D3 branes as in KKLT, and axionic slow-roll inflation, in type II flux compactifications. The second has to do with the "Inverse Problem" [3] and "Fake Superpotentials" [4] for extremal (non)supersymmetric black holes in type II compactifications. We use (orientifold of) a "Swiss Cheese" Calabi-Yau [5] expressed as a degree-18 hypersurface in WCP^4[1,1,1,6,9] in the "large-volume-scenario" limit [6] for the former.
description: Invited Review for MPLA; 15 pages, LaTeX
Zwischen digitaler Unterstützung und gläsernen Studierenden
Creators: name: Mandausch, Martin
name: Meinhard, David
name: Henning, Peter
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Die Analyse von lerner- oder lernprozessbezogenen Daten gewinnt im Hochschulbereich immer mehr an Bedeutung. Die 'Learning Analytics' wurden bereits 2011 als eine der Schlüsseltechnologien für zukünftige Lehr- und Lernansätze identifiziert, sind aber in der pädagogischen Praxis noch nicht verankert. Datenanalysen wecken gleichermaßen Begeisterung wie Skepsis: Werden Studierende und Dozierende in Zukunft gläsern und auf die von Ihnen hinterlassenen Datenspuren reduziert? Oder ergeben sich durch die 'Learning Analytics' neue didaktische Wirkungsfelder zur Bereicherung der Hochschullehre? Der Beitrag führt zunächst grundlegend in das Thema ein. Anschließend folgen die Beschreibung bereits durchgeführter Workshops und die Reflexion über sie, welche die potenziellen Chancen und Risiken beim Einsatz der 'Learning Analytics' in der Hochschullehre aus unterschiedlichen (Fach-)Blickwinkeln thematisierten. Die seitens der Teilnehmenden in einem intensiven Austausch über den Einsatz von Datenanalysen in der Hochschullehre erarbeiteten Ergebnisse werden zusammengefasst, bevor abschließend ein kurzer Blick auf die mögliche zukünftige Entwicklung des Forschungs- und Praxisfelds der 'Learning Analytics' geworfen wird.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
The Council of Ministers of the European Union After the Lisbon Treaty
Creators: name: Han, Yu <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: IUS/14 Diritto dell'Unione Europea

description: The Treaty of Lisbon has brought remarkable changes and innovations to the European Union. As far as the Council of Ministers of the European Union (“the Council” hereinafter) is concerned, there are two significant innovations: double qualified majority voting and new rotating Presidency scheme, which are considered to make the working of the Council more efficiently, stably and consistently. With the modification relating to other key institutions, the Commission and the European Parliament, and with certain procedures being re-codified, the power of the Council varies accordingly, where the inter-institutional balance counts for more research. As the Council is one of the co-legislatures of the Union, the legislative function of it would be probably influenced, positively or negatively, by the internal innovations and the inter-institutional re-balance. Has the legislative function of the Council been reinforced or not? How could the Council better reach its functional goal designed by the Treaties’ drafter? How to evaluate the Council’s evolution after Lisbon Treaty in the light of European integration? This thesis is attempting to find the answers by analyzing two main internal innovations and inter-institutional re-balance thereinafter.
Learning Analytics an Schulen – Hintergrund und Beispiele
Creators: name: Ebner, Markus
name: Ebner, Martin
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Der Einsatz von digitalen Technologien im Alltag der Jugend ist selbstverständlich geworden. Die Schülerinnen und Schüler haben die Möglichkeit mit Hilfe von Geräten wie Computern, Tablets und Smartphones Zugang zu Informationen, Kursmaterialien und Übungen zu erhalten. Die dadurch gewonnenen Daten haben das Potential die Art und Weise wie wir Lehren und Lernen tiefgreifend zu verändern. In diesem Beitrag sollen die Möglichkeiten und die Entwicklung von Learning Analytics im Bildungswesen näher betrachtet und die Rolle der Lehrenden und Lernenden beleuchtet werden. Es wird ein Ausschnitt von am Markt befindlichen Werkzeugen geboten und anhand von ausgewählten Beispielen und Fallstudien der Mehrwert des Einsatzes aufgezeigt und diskutiert. Abschließend werden Datenschutzfragen und Potenziale für die Zukunft besprochen.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
RAVE- First Results and Second Data Release
Creators: name: Siebert, A.
name: collaboration, the RAVE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RAVE, the RAdial Velocity Experiment, is an ambitious program to conduct a survey to measure the radial velocities, metallicities and abundance ratios for up to a million stars using the 1.2-m UK Schmidt Telescope of the Anglo-Australian Observatory (AAO), over the period 2003 - 2010. The survey represents a giant leap forward in our understanding of our own Milky Way galaxy, providing a vast stellar kinematic database larger than any other survey proposed for this coming decade. The main data product will be a southern hemisphere survey of about a million stars. This survey would comprise 0.7 million thin disk main sequence stars, 250,000 thick disk stars, 100,000 bulge and halo stars, and a further 50,000 giant stars including some out to 10 kpc from the Sun. RAVE will offer the first truly representative inventory of stellar radial velocities for all major components of the Galaxy. Here we present the first scientific results of this survey as well as its second data release which doubles the number of previously released radial velocities. For the first time, the release also provides atmospheric parameters for a large fraction of the 2nd year data making it an unprecedented tool to study the formation of the Milky Way.
description: To be published in the proceedings of the "Galactic and Stellar Dynamics 2008" conference, 4 pages, 1 figure
Potenziale von Learning Analytics in der Grundschule
Creators: name: Groißböck, Peter
name: Ebner, Martin
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Learning Analytics ist eine Methode, die helfen kann, durch Datenanalyse das Lernen von SchülerInnen gezielt zu verbessern. Es werden Daten von einzelnen SchülerInnen generiert, zusammengeführt und analysiert, um daraus resultierend ganz individuelle pädagogische Interventionen setzen zu können, damit die SchülerInnen bestmöglich gefördert werden können (Ebner/Neuhold/Schön 2013: 1). Der Beitrag stellt das Konzept eines aktuell laufenden Forschungsprojekts vor. Einerseits soll durch einen Abgleich von aus Learning Analytics und Lernstandserhebungen gewonnenen Daten untersucht werden, wie wirksam die SchülerInnen unterstützt durch digitale Medien lernen. Andererseits ergeben sich durch das automatische Sammeln und Aufbereiten von Daten im Hintergrund der Software Möglichkeiten für LehrerInnen, die auch Einfluss auf die Vorbereitung und die Durchführung von leistungsdifferenziertem Unterricht durch datengestütztes und gezieltes individuelles pädagogisches Handeln der Lehrkräfte in der Volksschule haben können.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Geometric quantization for proper actions
Creators: name: Mathai, Varghese
name: Zhang, Weiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58F06

description: We first introduce an invariant index for G-equivariant elliptic differential operators on a locally compact manifold M admitting a proper cocompact action of a locally compact group G. It generalizes the Kawasaki index for orbifolds to the case of proper cocompact actions. Our invariant index is used to show that an analog of the Guillemin-Sternberg geometric quantization conjecture holds if M is symplectic with a Hamiltonian action of G that is proper and cocompact. This essentially solves a conjecture of Hochs and Landsman.
description: 20 pages. Appendix by Ulrich Bunke. To appear in, Advances in Mathematics
Criticality of Lower Dimensional AdS$_d$ Black Holes
Creators: name: Dhumuntarao, Aditya
name: Mann, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In lower dimensions, charged AdS black holes in an extended phase space, where the cosmological constant is interpreted as the thermodynamic pressure, are typically absent of liquid/gas phase transitions. We investigate the criticality of lower dimensional charged, dilatonic, asymptotically AdS (CDAdS$_d$) black holes generated from consistent truncations of RNAdS$_{d+2}$ black objects. We demonstrate that CDAdS$_{d}$ black holes in $d<4$ can exhibit rich van der Waals behavior and confirm that the associated critical exponents match those expected from mean field theory.
description: 10 pages, no figures
Medienpädagogik als Chance und Herausforderung für die Erwachsenenbildung
Creators: name: Roth-Ebner, Caroline
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Digitale Medien durchdringen immer stärker unseren Alltag, sodass bereits sämtliche Lebensbereiche davon betroffen sind. Die Erwachsenenbildung ist gefordert, diesem Umstand Rechnung zu tragen, indem sie digitalen Medien eine zentrale Rolle in ihren Bildungsangeboten einräumt. Zum einen kann dies durch den Einsatz digitaler Medien als pädagogische Hilfsmittel geschehen (Mediendidaktik), zum anderen aber auch in Form von Bildungsangeboten, welche den Gebrauch von und Umgang mit Medien zum Inhalt haben (Medienerziehung). Während damit einerseits das Potential neuer Lerngegenstände und Bildungsformate verbunden ist, entstehen andererseits Herausforderungen wie etwa technische Voraussetzungen, der Bedarf an Medienkompetenz auf Seiten der Lehrenden und Lernenden, urheberrechtliche bzw. Datenschutzprobleme und das Erfordernis didaktischer Konzepte. Diesen Herausforderungen muss mit gezielten Maßnahmen entgegengesteuert werden wie etwa der medienpädagogischen Ausbildung von Lehrenden, der Entwicklung offener Lernmaterialien und verstärkter Evaluation und Forschung.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Radioschulung als Beitrag zur non-formalen Medienbildung Jugendlicher
Creators: name: Metzger, Marius
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Die vorliegende Studie ist der Frage nachgegangen, inwiefern Jugendliche aufgrund der Teilnahme an einem non-formalen Bildungsangebot ein weiterführendes Interesse für das Radiomachen entwickeln. Die Auseinandersetzung mit dem Medium Radio zwecks Förderung von Medienkompetenzen erscheint besonders naheliegend, da hier relativ niedrige Zugangsbarrieren bestehen. Zur differenzierten Erfassung von Medienkompetenz orientierte sich die Studie am Bielefelder Medienkompetenzmodell mit den Bereichen Medienkritik, Medienkunde, Mediennutzung und Mediengestaltung. Anhand einer Befragung von 261 Jugendlichen konnte gezeigt werden, dass sich lediglich bei der Dimension Innovation des Kompetenzbereichs Mediengestaltung ein statistisch signifikanter Zusammenhang mit dem weiterführenden Interesse für das Radiomachen ergab. Die Wahrscheinlichkeit, dass bei einer gelungenen Förderung der innovativen Mediengestaltungskompetenz auch nach der Teilnahme an der Bildungsveranstaltung weiterhin ein Interesse am Radiomachen besteht, ist doppelt so hoch als ohne eine solche Förderung.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Determinants and Prevalence of Paediatrics Return Visits to the Emergency Department in a Tertiary Hospital in Southeast Nigeria: A Retrospective Study
Creators: name: Okeke, Chinelo
name: Obaji, Obinna
name: Ogeh, Chijioke
name: Chukwu, Obinna
name: Asiegbu, Uzoma
name: Okoro, Kenneth
name: Ezeonu, Chinonyelum
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: Pediatric Emergency Department (ED) return visits are an essential quality indicator, assessing the adequacy of care provided during the initial consultation, patient management, and subsequent follow-up. Despite the high burden of pediatric emergency cases, there is paucity of data on the prevalence and determinants of return visits in Nigeria. This study therefore aims to determine the prevalence and determinants of pediatric return visits to the ED in a tertiary hospital in Southeast Nigeria.

 

Methods: A retrospective review of medical records was conducted for pediatric patients who visited the ED of the National Obstetric Fistula Center (NOFIC) Abakaliki Ebonyi State, from September 2022 to August 2023. Data on demographics, presenting complaints, diagnoses, investigations, and treatments from initial and return visits were collected and analyzed. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the prevalence of return visits and explore associations with factors such as age, sex, type of caregiver, number of diagnoses, and duration of admission.

 

Results: Among 181 pediatric patients, 19 (10.5%) had a return visit to the ED. Most of these patients were 0-5 years old (80.7%), with a slightly higher proportion of males (56.9%). The most reported symptoms were fever (77.3%) and vomiting (44.8%), with malaria being the predominant diagnosis at both initial (65 cases) and return visits. Although male children (68.4%) and those with multiple diagnoses had higher return rates, statistical analysis revealed no significant associations between return visits and the examined variables.

 

Conclusion: The 10.5% prevalence of pediatric return visits to the ED is a clear indicator of the complex relationship between illness severity, the quality of care provided and the health-seeking behavior of care givers in a resource limited health care facility. The study helps to understand some causes of return visits and develop strategies to reduce their occurrence.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
Zeitgenössische Selbstinszenierungen im Zeichen digitaler Medien
Creators: name: Schachtner, Christina
Publisher: name: Medienimpulse
Year: 2018

description: Es mehren sich die Selbstprofile, die Online-Selfies, die Bildergalerien, die Videos auf den Blogs, Websites und in den sozialen Netzwerken. Die digitale Technik bleibt den menschlichen Subjekten nicht äußerlich. Sie animiert, fordert, verlockt zur Selbstdarstellung; sie verbündet sich mit tiefen Sehnsüchten und Ängsten. Sie schürt den Kampf um Aufmerksamkeit. Der Beitrag rückt die digital gestützte Selbstinszenierung junger NetzakteurInnen ins Zentrum. Er stellt Strategien der Selbstinszenierung dar, fragt nach den Motiven und analysiert das Wechselspiel zwischen den Subjektivierungspraktiken und der Logik digitaler Medien. Er wirft die Frage auf, ob sich unter der Regie digitaler Medien narzisstische Tendenzen mehren. Darüber hinaus blendet er den aktuellen gesellschaftlich-kulturellen Wandel ein und versucht, das Geschehen im Netz auf die mit diesem Wandel verbundenen Herausforderungen zu beziehen. Medientechnologische Innovationen, so die These, gehen Hand in Hand mit einem sozialen Wandel, der sich auch in veränderten Subjektivierungsprozessen widerspiegelt. Die Analyse erfolgt aus einer medien- und kulturwissenschaftlichen Perspektive. Sie bezieht sich u.a. auf Ergebnisse der FWF-Studie "Communicative Publics in Cyberspace", in die NetzakteurInnen aus sieben europäischen Ländern, aus vier arabischen Ländern und aus den USA einbezogen waren.
description: Medienimpulse, Bd. 56 Nr. 1 (2018): 1/2018 - Educational Data Mining und Learning Analytics
Tailoring PDC speckle structure
Creators: name: Brida, G.
name: Genovese, M.
name: Meda, A.
name: Ruo-Berchera, I.
name: Predazzi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Speckle structure of parametric down conversion light has recently received a large attention due to relevance in view of applications to quantum imaging The possibility of tailoring the speckle size by acting on the pump properties is an interesting tool for the applications to quantum imaging and in particular to the detection of weak object under shot-noise limit. Here we present a systematic detailed experimental study of the speckle structure produced in type II PDC with particular attention to its variation with pump beam properties.
Demographic and Clinical Profile of Haemodialysis Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease in a Northern Nigerian Hospital: A Retrospective Analysis of Patterns and Outcomes
Creators: name: Abdulrasheed, Muhammad
name: Armiyau, Mohammed
name: Abdullahi, Yusuf
name: Nuhu, Maryam
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a global health challenge with increasing prevalence and substantial impacts on healthcare systems, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Limited access to resources for managing CKD and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in these regions exacerbates mortality and morbidity, highlighting the need for effective and accessible healthcare strategies. This study examines CKD prevalence, management practices, and outcomes across various populations, with a focus on the challenges faced in sub-Saharan Africa.

 

Methodology: This study utilized a retrospective, observational design to examine patient records from the haemodialysis unit at Yusuf Dantsoho Memorial General Hospital, Kaduna State, Nigeria. The research focused on the sociodemographic, clinical, and dialysis-related characteristics of patients who underwent haemodialysis between January 2019 and October 2024.

 

Results: CKD prevalence has significantly increased worldwide, with ESRD incidence notably in our centre. Access to dialysis varied greatly, with low-resource settings struggling to meet demand, contributing to poorer outcomes. In Africa, studies show that less than 10% of patients who needed dialysis accessed it. Additionally, CKD patients in lower-income regions often present with advanced diseases due to inadequate screening and preventive care. High mortality rates were linked to limited access to early treatment and a lack of government support for subsidizing renal care.

 

Conclusion: There was a pressing need to improve CKD prevention, early diagnosis, and treatment in resource-limited settings to reduce the burden of ESRD. Increased government investment, enhanced screening programs, and sustainable funding models for dialysis were essential to mitigate the impact of CKD.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
Variational AutoEncoder for Reference based Image Super-Resolution
Creators: name: Liu, Zhi-Song
name: Siu, Wan-Chi
name: Wang, Li-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we propose a novel reference based image super-resolution approach via Variational AutoEncoder (RefVAE). Existing state-of-the-art methods mainly focus on single image super-resolution which cannot perform well on large upsampling factors, e.g., 8$\times$. We propose a reference based image super-resolution, for which any arbitrary image can act as a reference for super-resolution. Even using random map or low-resolution image itself, the proposed RefVAE can transfer the knowledge from the reference to the super-resolved images. Depending upon different references, the proposed method can generate different versions of super-resolved images from a hidden super-resolution space. Besides using different datasets for some standard evaluations with PSNR and SSIM, we also took part in the NTIRE2021 SR Space challenge and have provided results of the randomness evaluation of our approach. Compared to other state-of-the-art methods, our approach achieves higher diverse scores.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Iva e Pubblica Autorità: coerenza del sistema e dimensioni nazionali
VAT Public Bodies: coherence of the system and national dimension
Creators: name: Iacono, Antonino <1975>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: IUS/12 Diritto tributario

description: Il sistema comune europeo dell’imposta sul valore aggiunto privilegia caratteri e finalità economiche nel definire chi siano gli operatori economici soggetti all’IVA. Una disciplina particolare è, tuttavia, prevista per i soggetti di diritto pubblico che, oltre alla principale attività istituzionale, esercitano un’attività di carattere economico. 
Ai sensi dell’articolo 13 della Direttiva del 28 novembre 2006, 2006/112/CE, gli Stati, le Regioni, le Province, i Comuni e gli altri enti di diritto pubblico, in relazione alle attività ed operazioni che essi effettuano in quanto pubbliche autorità, non sono considerati soggetti passivi IVA anche se in relazione ad esse percepiscono diritti, canoni, contributi o retribuzioni.
La vigente disciplina europea delle attività economiche esercitate dagli enti pubblici, oltre che inadeguata al contesto economico attuale, rischia di diventare un fattore che influenza negativamente l’efficacia del modello impositivo dell’IVA e l’agire degli enti pubblici. 
La tesi propone un modello alternativo che prevede l’inversione dell’impostazione attuale della Direttiva IVA al fine di considerare, di regola, soggetti passivi IVA gli organismi pubblici che svolgono - ancorché nella veste di pubblica autorità - attività oggettivamente economiche.
description: As you all Know, the European VAT current system emphasizes the economic aspects to define who the traders subject to VAT are. In other words, the carrying out of an economic activity (sale of goods or supply of services) represents the main aspect to identify a taxable person. Certainly this is important to ensure the neutrality of taxation.
A particular discipline, however, is provided for public entities. Public entities shall not be regarded as taxable persons in respect of the activities or transactions in which they are engaged as public authorities.
The scope of the VAT system is still substantially limited due to the exclusion of the activities carried out by states, regional and local government authorities and other bodies governed by public law. In today economic context the public body is acting more often in connection with the market. There is thus, an evolution in the sense of the role played by public entities. The wide range of activities currently carried out by public bodies and the different modes of pursuit doesn’t make valid Directive criteria. Should proceed to the reversal of the current approach of the VAT Directive and, therefore, to consider, as a rule, taxable persons who perform public bodies - albeit in the guise of a public authority - economic activity objectively .
Microscale characterisation of the time-dependent mechanical behaviour of brain white matter
Creators: name: Jamal, Asad
name: Bernardini, Andrea
name: Dini, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Brain mechanics is a topic of deep interest because of the significant role of mechanical cues in both brain function and form. Specifically, capturing the heterogeneous and anisotropic behaviour of cerebral white matter (WM) is extremely challenging and yet the data on WM at a spatial resolution relevant to tissue components are sparse. To investigate the time-dependent mechanical behaviour of WM, and its dependence on local microstructural features when subjected to small deformations, we conducted atomic force microscopy (AFM) stress relaxation experiments on corpus callosum (CC), corona radiata (CR) and fornix (FO) of fresh ovine brain. Our experimental results show a dependency of the tissue mechanical response on axons orientation, with e.g. the stiffness of perpendicular and parallel samples is different in all three regions of WM whereas the relaxation behaviour is different for the CC and FO regions. An inverse modelling approach was adopted to extract Prony series parameters of the tissue components, i.e. axons and extra cellular matrix with its accessory cells, from experimental data. Using a bottom-up approach, we developed analytical and FEA estimates that are in good agreement with our experimental results. Our systematic characterisation of sheep brain WM using a combination of AFM experiments and micromechanical models provide a significant contribution for predicting localised time-dependent mechanics of brain tissue. This information can lead to more accurate computational simulations, therefore aiding the development of surgical robotic solutions for drug delivery and accurate tissue mimics, as well as the determination of criteria for tissue injury and predict brain development and disease progression.
description: Research Paper
Fine-structure infrared lines from the Cassiopeia A knots
Creators: name: Docenko, D.
name: Sunyaev, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Archival observations of infrared fine-structure lines of the young Galactic supernova remnant Cassiopeia A allow us to test existing models and determine the physical parameters of various regions of the fast-moving knots (FMKs), which are metal-dominated clouds of material ejected by the supernova explosion. Methods: The fluxes of the far-infrared [O i] and [O iii] lines are extracted from the previously unpublished archival ISO data. The archival Spitzer data are used to determine the fluxes of the O, Ne, Si, S, Ar and Fe ion fine-structure lines originating in the FMKs. The ratios of these line fluxes are used for the plasma diagnostics. We also determine the infrared line flux ratios to the optical [O iii] 5007 A line in the knots having previously measured reddening. Additionally, we analyze several optical and near-infrared observations of the FMKs to obtain clearer insight into the post-shock photoionized region (PIR) structure. Results: We show that the infrared oxygen line flux predictions of all existing theoretical models are correct only to within a factor of several. For the models to reproduce the observations it is essential to include the electron conductivity and effects of the dust. Detailed analysis of the diagnostic line flux ratios allows us to qualitatively confirm the general model of the FMK emission and to determine observationally the physical conditions in the PIR after the shock front. We infer that the pre-shock cloud densities most probably constitute several hundred particles per cm^3. We also determine the Cas A luminosities in the infrared continuum and lines. We show that accounting for the charge exchange processes in the post-shock PIR allows us to reproduce most of the relevant spectral line ratios even in the frame of a single-temperature model of this region. We also estimate its plasma parameters, thickness, and carbon abundance.
description: Version accepted by A&A, 21 page, 10 figures. v2: major changes, Section 5 added with analysis of charge-exchange process influence.
Assessment of serum laminin and hyaluronic acid as markers of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic Hepatitis B.
Creators: name: Busuyi, Sogo
name: Ajose, Abiodun
name: Ojo, Olusegun
name: Adekanle, Olusegun
name: Smith, Olufemi
name: Ajala, Adetokunbo
name: Betiku, Omolade
Publisher: name: Nigerian Medical Journal
Year: 2025

description: Background: Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a major cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. Fibrosis of hepatic parenchyma has been reported as a common pathway to complications of chronic liver disease. There is a need to monitor fibrosis in these patients to abort or delay disease progression following treatment. Liver biopsy is recognized as the gold standard for disease monitoring; however, the procedure is invasive and bedeviled with potential complications. For these reasons, non-invasive biomarkers of fibrosis are now being evaluated as alternatives to liver biopsy. The study aimed to assess the characteristics of laminin, and hyaluronic acid as markers of hepatic fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B.

 

Methodology: One hundred participants with HBV-induced chronic liver disease (CLD) were recruited for the study. A liver biopsy was conducted, and the degree of hepatic fibrosis was scored using the Metavir scoring system. Serum levels of the biomarkers were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) technique. Medians and interquartile ranges were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test. The degree of correlation between continuous variables was determined using Spearman’s correlation analysis. Statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05.

 

Results: Serum laminin was significantly higher in participants with hepatic fibrosis: 39.09 (27.6-89.4) ng/ml [median (interquartile range)], vs 24.3 (21.5-31.9) ng/ml, p = 0.001, Hyaluronic acid was significantly higher in participants with hepatic fibrosis: 45.1 (26.9-94.4) ng/ml vs 23.1 (12.7-35.7) ng/ml, p < 0.001. There was a strong significant positive correlation of both serum laminin and hyaluronic acid with Metavir score in the study participants (r=0.766, p<0.001; r=0.708, p<0.001 respectively). At a serum laminin concentration of 44.6 ng/ml, sensitivity and specificity for detecting moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis were 86.8% and 88.7% respectively, with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.943 on the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curve. The sensitivity and specificity of hyaluronic acid for detecting moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis were 81.6% and 85.5% at a serum concentration of 53.5 ng/ml. AUC was 0.930 on the ROC curve.

 

Conclusion: This study underscores the evidence that laminin and hyaluronic acid may be helpful clinically in identifying patients with moderate to severe hepatic fibrosis. Serum laminin had a slightly better diagnostic ability than hyaluronic acid in the study participants. Further studies are needed to elucidate our findings.
description: Nigerian Medical Journal, Vol. 66 No. 1 (2025): January - February
A Note on Sumsets and Restricted Sumsets
Creators: name: Bhanja, Jagannath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P70, 11B75, 11B13

description: In this note we find the optimal lower bound for the size of the sumsets $HA$ and $H\,\hat{}A$ over finite sets $H, A$ of nonnegative integers, where $HA = \bigcup_{h\in H} hA$ and $H\,\hat{}A = \bigcup_{h\in H} h\,\hat{}A$. We also find the underlying algebraic structure of the sets $A$ and $H$ for which the size of the sumsets $HA$ and $H\,\hat{}A$ is minimum.
description: 8 pages