cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The ups and downs of inelastic dark matter: Electron recoils from terrestrial upscattering
Creators: name: Emken, Timon
name: Frerick, Jonas
name: Heeba, Saniya
name: Kahlhoefer, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growing interest in the interactions between dark matter particles and electrons has received a further boost by the observation of an excess in electron recoil events in the XENON1T experiment. Of particular interest are dark matter models in which the scattering process is inelastic, such that the ground state can upscatter into an excited state. The subsequent exothermic downscattering of such excited states on electrons can lead to observable signals in direct detection experiments and gives a good fit to the XENON1T excess. In this work, we study terrestrial upscattering, i.e. inelastic scattering of dark matter particles on nuclei in the Earth, as a plausible origin of such excited states. Using both analytical and Monte Carlo methods, we obtain detailed predictions of their density and velocity distribution. These results enable us to explore the time dependence of the flux of excited states resulting from the rotation of the Earth. For the case of XENON1T, we find the resulting daily modulation of the electron recoil signal to be at the level of 10% with a strong dependence on the dark matter mass.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, v2: A few small changes, including an updated list of references
Design and development of a novel MR finishing method for hollow cylindrical surfaces
Creators: name: Kumar, Manish
name: Alam, Zafar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Hollow cylindrical components of longer length are a crucial necessity in industries catering to products like gun barrels, cylinder liners of ship and locomotive engines, pneumatic and hydraulic cylinders, etc. A highly finished inner surface improves resistance to corrosion, wear, and friction. Conventional magnetorheological (MR) finishing techniques typically use axis-based CNC setups, which are limited in their ability to finish longer components (>30 cm) due to the Z-axis tool restriction. In this work, a novel MR finishing method has been designed and developed that is based on the pneumatic cylinder and has extremely high reach for the length of the hollow cylindrical workpiece thereby successfully mitigating the limitation of conventional CNC-based MR finishing techniques. Using mild steel as the material, the new technique achieved a significant reduction in surface roughness, with a minimum average roughness of 0.059 µm after 150 minutes of finishing.
Out-of-plane ordering in quaternary MAX alloys: an alloy theoretic perspective
Creators: name: R. Arróyave
name: A. Talapatra
name: T. Duong
name: W. Son
name: M. Radovic
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This letter is motivated by an apparent paradox, in that some quaternary systems (particularly in the Ti–Zr–Al–C system) have been shown to exhibit M-site out-of-plane ordering, while prior work and calculations by the present authors suggest endothermic interactions between Zr and Ti. In this letter we provide a resolution to this issue and provide a more extended analysis on the out-of-plane and in-plane ordering in the M sites of quaternary MAX alloys. The results provide further insights to develop criteria to predict potential out-of-plane ordering tendencies in other MAX systems.fx1 IMPACT STATEMENT In this work, we resolve a recently evident contradiction between theoretical predictions for phase separation in the Ti–Zr–Al–C 312 MAX system and experimental observations that indicate out-of-plane ordering.
J-PLUS: Stellar Parameters, C, N, Mg, Ca and [α/Fe] Abundances for Two Million Stars from DR1
Creators: name: Yang, Lin
name: Yuan, Haibo
name: Xiang, Maosheng
name: Duan, Fuqing
name: Huang, Yang
name: Liu, Jifeng
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Galarza, Carlos Andrés
name: Daflon, Simone
name: Fernández-Ontiveros, J. A.
name: Cenarro, Javier
name: Cristóbal-Hornillos, David
name: Hernández-Monteagudo, Carlos
name: López-Sanjuan, Carlos
name: Marín-Franch, Antonio
name: Moles, Mariano
name: Varela, Jesús
name: Ramió, Héctor Vázquez
name: Alcaniz, Jailson
name: Dupke, Renato
name: Ederoclite, Alessandro
name: Sodré, Laerte
name: Angulo, Raul E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) has obtained precise photometry in twelve specially designed filters for large numbers of Galactic stars. Deriving their precise stellar atmospheric parameters and individual elemental abundances is crucial for studies of Galactic structure, and the assembly history and chemical evolution of our Galaxy. Aims. Our goal is to estimate not only stellar parameters (effective temperature, Teff, surface gravity, log g, and metallicity, [Fe/H]), but also [α/Fe] and four elemental abundances ([C/Fe], [N/Fe], [Mg/Fe], and [Ca/Fe]) using data from J-PLUS DR1. Methods. By combining recalibrated photometric data from J-PLUS DR1, Gaia DR2, and spectroscopic labels from LAMOST, we design and train a set of cost-sensitive neural networks, the CSNet, to learn the non-linear mapping from stellar colors to their labels. Results. We have achieved precisions of δTeff {\sim}55K, δlogg{\sim}0.15dex, and δ[Fe/H]{\sim}0.07dex, respectively, over a wide range of temperature, surface gravity, and metallicity. The uncertainties of the abundance estimates for [α/Fe] and the four individual elements are in the range 0.04-0.08 dex. We compare our parameter and abundance estimates with those from other spectroscopic catalogs such as APOGEE and GALAH, and find an overall good agreement. Conclusions. Our results demonstrate the potential of well-designed, high-quality photometric data for determinations of stellar parameters as well as individual elemental abundances. Applying the method to J-PLUS DR1, we have obtained the aforementioned parameters for about two million stars, providing an outstanding data set for chemo-dynamic analyses of the Milky Way. The catalog of the estimated parameters is publicly accessible.
description: 30 pages, 26 figures, 3 tables, accepted by A&A
A MeerKAT-meets-LOFAR Study of MS 1455.0+2232: A 590 kiloparsec 'Mini'-Halo in a Sloshing Cool-Core Cluster
Creators: name: Riseley, C. J.
name: Rajpurohit, K.
name: Loi, F.
name: Botteon, A.
name: Timmerman, R.
name: Biava, N.
name: Bonafede, A.
name: Bonnassieux, E.
name: Brunetti, G.
name: Enßlin, T.
name: Di Gennaro, G.
name: Ignesti, A.
name: Shimwell, T.
name: Stuardi, C.
name: Vernstrom, T.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio mini-haloes are poorly-understood, moderately-extended diffuse radio sources that trace the presence of magnetic fields and relativistic electrons on scales of hundreds of kiloparsecs, predominantly in relaxed clusters. With relatively few confirmed detections to-date, many questions remain unanswered. This paper presents new radio observations of the galaxy cluster MS1455.0$+$2232 performed with MeerKAT (covering the frequency range 872$-$1712 MHz) and LOFAR (covering 120$-$168 MHz), the first results from a homogeneously selected mini-halo census. We find that this mini-halo extends for $\sim590$ kpc at 1283 MHz, significantly larger than previously believed, and has a flatter spectral index ($α= -0.97 \pm 0.05$) than typically expected. Our X-ray analysis clearly reveals a large-scale (254 kpc) sloshing spiral in the intracluster medium. We perform a point-to-point analysis, finding a tight single correlation between radio and X-ray surface brightness with a super-linear slope of $b_{\rm 1283~MHz} = 1.16^{+0.06}_{-0.07}$ and $b_{\rm 145~MHz} = 1.15^{+0.09}_{-0.08}$; this indicates a strong link between the thermal and non-thermal components of the intracluster medium. Conversely, in the spectral index/X-ray surface brightness plane, we find that regions inside and outside the sloshing spiral follow different correlations. We find compelling evidence for multiple sub-components in this mini-halo for the first time. While both the turbulent (re-)acceleration and hadronic scenarios are able to explain some observed properties of the mini-halo in MS1455.0$+$2232, neither scenario is able to account for all the evidence presented by our analysis.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Manuscript contains 22 pages, 12 figures, 4 tables
Correction to black hole radiation due to pair annihilation
Creators: name: Shafiee, Moslem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the emission of charged scalar particles from a Schwarzschild black hole. It is shown that these particles can interact with each other through pair annihilation, and as a result, produce photons. These photons make a correction to the spectrum of photons that are directly emitted from the black hole. By solving field equations using the WKB approximation, the pair annihilation rate is taken into account for the most probable case, i.e., the first order, and therefore the correction will be of the order of $e^2$. Considering this scenario, we show that most interactions take place near the event horizon of the black hole, yet the number of interactions is not large enough to make a remarkable modification in the radiation spectrum of particles. These results refute the claims that interactions cause immense changes in the Hawking radiation spectrum of a black hole.
Experimental and numerical analysis of pulsed-electrochemical discharge process with electrolyte stirring
Creators: name: Bahar, Dil
name: Dvivedi, Akshay
name: Kumar, Pradeep
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: To eradicate the losses in high-frequency wireless transmission systems, glass-vias is favored over silicon-vias for the packaging of radio frequency devices. However, during machining of glass vias, poor scavenging of sludge and electrolyte scarcity in the working region degrades the ECDM performance. To cope up with these problems, this study is an attempt to induce electrolyte stirring using a magnetic stirrer in the ECDM, called S-ECDM. An electrostatic study for electrochemical cells of ECDM was performed to analyze the discharge behavior of electrodes for tool selection. A Gaussian based thermal finite element modelling (FEM) has been carried out for ECDM and S-ECDM by considering pulsed-discharges with regards to voltage, electrolyte temperature, pulse on time and partition energy. The temperature profiles were utilized in the estimation of machining rate (MR) in the micro drilling of borosilicate glass. Subsequently, simulation as well as experimental results suggested around 50% higher MR in S-ECDM than ECDM. Furthermore, characterizations have been performed to substantiate the process mechanism of the proposed process in the ambit of flushing, etching and surface roughness of micro holes. Owing to its performance and process stability, S-ECDM can be considered as a commercially viable process.
Assessing the Importance of Noise from Thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich Signals for CMB Cluster Surveys and Cluster Cosmology
Creators: name: Raghunathan, Srinivasan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the significance of noise from thermal Sunyaev-Zel{'}dovich (tSZ) signals for cluster detection using cosmic microwave background (CMB) surveys. The noise arises both from neighboring objects and also from haloes below the detection limit. A wide range of surveys are considered: SPT-SZ, SPTpol, and SPT-3G from the South Pole Telescope; SO-Baseline and SO-Goal configurations for Simons Observatory; CMB-S4's wide area (S4-Wide) and deep (S4-Ultra deep) surveys; and the futuristic CMB-HD experiment. We find that the noise from tSZ signals has a significant impact on CMB-HD and to some extent on S4-Ultra deep. For other experiments, the effect is negligible as the noise in the tSZ map is dominated by residual foregrounds or experimental noise. In the limit when the noise from tSZ signals is important, we find that removing the detected clusters and rerunning the cluster finder allows us to find a new set of less massive and distant clusters. Since the detected clusters are the dominant source of the tSZ power, removing them reduces the power at $\ell=3000$ by: $\times5$ for CMB-HD; $\times3.1$ of S4-Ultra deep; $\times2.4$ for S4-Wide and SPT-3G; $\times1.5$ for SO-Goal and SPTpol; $\times1.35$ for SO-Baseline; and $\times1.08$ for SPT-SZ. We forecast the expected number of clusters and also derive parameter constraints by combining cluster counts with primary CMB and tSZ power spectra finding that the future surveys can reduce the error on the dark energy equation of state parameter to sub-percent levels and can also enable $\ge3σ$ detection of the sum of neutrino masses. The simulation products and results can be downloaded from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/tSZ_cluster_forecasts.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; addressed minor comments from the reviewer; accepted for publication in ApJ; results can be download from https://github.com/sriniraghunathan/tSZ_cluster_forecasts
Appraisal of anti-gout potential of colchicine-loaded chitosan nanoparticle gel in uric acid-induced gout animal model
Creators: name: Parashar, Poonam
name: Mazhar, Ifrah
name: Kanoujia, Jovita
name: Yadav, Abhishek
name: Kumar, Pranesh
name: Saraf, Shubhini A.
name: Saha, Sudipta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Present study is aimed at transdermal delivery of colchicine-loaded chitosan nanoparticles. The nanoformulations were prepared utilising spontaneous emulsification method and optimised through 23 factorial designs. The optimised formulation (CHNP-OPT) displayed an average particle size of 294 ± 3.75 nm, entrapment efficiency 92.89 ± 1.1% and drug content 83.45 ± 2.5%, respectively. In vitro release study demonstrated 89.34 ± 2.90% release over a period of 24 h. Further, CHNP-OPT incorporated into HPMC-E4M (hydroxypropyl methylcellulose) to form transdermal gel. CHNPgel displayed 74.65 ± 1.90% permeation and stability over a period of 90 days. The anti-gout potential of CHNPgel formulation was evaluated in vivo against monosodium urate (MSU) crystal-induced gout in animal model. There was significant reduction in uric acid level, during MSU administration, when compared with the conventional gel of colchicine. The enhanced therapeutic potential was witnessed through X-ray. The study revealed that colchicine-loaded CHNPgel proved their supremacy over plain colchicine and can be an efficient delivery system for gout treatment.
Molecule-to-material conversion in chemical vapor deposition
Creators: name: Tabacchi, Gloria
name: Fois, Ettore
name: Barreca, Davide
name: Gasparotto, Alberto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 100706 Nanofabrication, Growth and Self Assembly
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 100708 Nanomaterials
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30304 Physical Chemistry of Materials
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 30206 Solid State Chemistry
subject: 30306 Synthesis of Materials
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30307 Theory and Design of Materials
subject: 30207 Transition Metal Chemistry
subject: 30607 Transport Properties and Non-equilibrium Processes
subject: 91202 Composite and Hybrid Materials
subject: FOS: Materials engineering
subject: 20403 Condensed Matter Modelling and Density Functional Theory
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20406 Surfaces and Structural Properties of Condensed Matter

description: Green open access version of the paper:"Opening the Pandora's jar of molecule-to-material conversion in chemical vapor deposition: Insights from theory"
Published in:Int. J. Quantum Chem. 2014, 114, 1–7. DOI: 10.1002/qua.24505
Popular summary:http://www.materialsviews.com/molecule-to-material-by-first-principles/

https://goo.gl/WDBrES
Using Survival Models to Estimate Invertebrate Prey Identification Times in a Generalist Stream Fish
Creators: name: Preston, Daniel L.
name: Henderson, Jeremy S.
name: Falke, Landon P.
name: Novak, Mark
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Estimates of predator feeding rates are important for understanding trophic dynamics. One common method for quantifying feeding rates in fishes combines mass-based diet data with gastric evacuation times to estimate prey mass consumed per predator. An alternative approach is to estimate the rates of prey individuals consumed using prey identification time—the time period over which prey remain identifiable in a predator’s stomach. One challenge with the analysis of prey identification times, however, is that the response variable is likely to be censored because the “true” prey identification time cannot be observed directly. Here, we applied survival analysis that can incorporate censored data to estimate the effects of predator body size, water temperature, and prey characteristics (type, count, and body size) on identification times in Reticulate Sculpin Cottus perplexus. We focused on seven types of prey that are common in this generalist predator’s diet: mayflies (Ephemeroptera), caddisflies (Trichoptera), stoneflies (Plecoptera), true flies (Diptera), beetles (Coleoptera), worms (Annelida), and sculpin eggs. An information-theoretic model comparison approach indicated that an accelerated failure time Weibull model with all five covariates provided the best relative fit to the full data set. Prey type had a strong effect on prey identification time, with annelid worms having the shortest times (<1 h) and caddisflies having the longest times (>15 h). Water temperature decreased prey identification time (7.5% per 1°C increase), whereas prey count (i.e., meal size) increased prey identification time (15.5% per additional prey item). Predator body size had a weak negative effect on prey identification time (0.04% per 1-mm increase). Body sizes of some prey taxa, including mayflies, caddisflies, and stoneflies, increased prey identification times, leading to an interaction between prey type and prey size. Our study highlights the utility of survival analysis for quantifying variation in prey identification times in the diets of generalist predators. Received April 12, 2017; accepted August 9, 2017 Published online October 19, 2017
Microlensing Events in the Galactic Plane Using the Zwicky Transient Facility
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Antonio C.
name: Mróz, Przemek
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Dekany, Richard
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Shupe, David L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microlensing is a powerful technique to study the Galactic population of "dark" objects such as exoplanets both bound and unbound, brown dwarfs, low-luminosity stars, old white dwarfs, neutron stars, and almost the only way to study isolated stellar-mass black holes. The majority of previous efforts to search for gravitational microlensing events have concentrated towards high-density fields such as the Galactic bulge. Microlensing events in the Galactic plane have the advantage of closer proximity and better constrained relative proper motions, leading to better constrained lens mass estimates at the expense of a lower optical depth compared to events towards the Galactic bulge. We use the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) Data Release 5 (DR5) compiled from 2018--2021 to survey the Galactic plane in the region of $|b| < 20^\circ$. We find a total of 60 candidate microlensing events including three that show a strong microlensing parallax effect. The rate of events traces Galactic structure, decreasing exponentially as a function Galactic longitude with scale length $\ell_0 \sim 37^\circ$. On average, we find Einstein timescales of our microlensing events to be about three times as long ($\sim60$ days) compared to those towards the Galactic bulge ($\sim20$ days). This pilot project demonstrates that microlensing towards the Galactic plane shows strong promise for characterization of dark objects within the Galatic disk.
description: submitted to ApJ
Additional file 7 of Arabidopsis paralogous genes RPL23aA and RPL23aB encode functionally equivalent proteins
Creators: name: Xiong, Wei
name: Chen, Xiangze
name: Zhu, Chengxin
name: Zhang, Jiancong
name: Lan, Ting
name: Liu, Lin
name: Mo, Beixin
name: Chen, Xuemei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Figure S7. Polysome profiles of Col-0 (black), rpl23aa (red), rpl23ab (green), pRPL23aA:RPL23aA/rpl23aa (yellow), pRPL23aA:RPL23aB/rpl23aa (blue), and pRPL23aB:RPL23aB/rpl23aa (purple).
HeII Ly$α$ Transmission Spikes and Absorption Troughs in Eight High-resolution Spectra Probing the End of HeII Reionization
Creators: name: Makan, Kirill
name: Worseck, Gábor
name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Richter, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present statistics of HeII Lya transmission spikes and large-scale absorption troughs using archival high-resolution ($R=λ/Δλ\simeq 12,500$-$18,000$) far-UV spectra of eight HeII-transparent quasars obtained with the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph on the Hubble Space Telescope. The sample covers the redshift range 2.5100cMpc at z>3 to L~30cMpc at z~2.7, signaling a significant progression of HeII reionization at these redshifts. Furthermore, unexpectedly long L~65cMpc troughs detected at z~2.9 suggest that the UV background fluctuates at larger scales than predicted by current models. By comparing the measured incidence of transmission spikes to predictions from forward-modeled mock spectra created from the outputs of a (146cMpc)^3 optically thin Nyx hydrodynamical simulation employing different UV background models, we infer the redshift evolution of the HeII photoionization rate $Γ_\mathrm{He\,II}(z)$. The photoionization rate decreases with increasing redshift from $\simeq 4.6\times 10^{-15}\mathrm{\,s^{-1}}$ at z~2.6 to $\simeq 1.2 \times 10^{-15}\mathrm{\,s^{-1}}$ at z~3.2, in agreement with previous inferences from the HeII effective optical depth, and following expected trends of current models of a fluctuating HeII-ionizing background.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ following minor revision (added 2 new figures); 16 pages, 14 figures
Soil moisture mapping using SMAP and Sentinel-1 data
Creators: name: Kuchma, Tetyana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 49999 Earth Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 50206 Environmental Monitoring
subject: 50209 Natural Resource Management
subject: Soil Science
subject: 79901 Agricultural Hydrology (Drainage, Flooding, Irrigation, Quality, etc.)
subject: FOS: Other agricultural sciences
subject: 70101 Agricultural Land Management
subject: 70199 Agriculture, Land and Farm Management not elsewhere classified

description: Poster was presented at 10th International Workshop on “Advances in the Science and Applications of SAR Interferometry and Sentinel-1 InSAR" (FRINGE 2017), Helsinki, Finland, 5-9 June 2017
Soil moisture data is essential for planning agricultural activities, crop condition monitoring and drought prediction. InSAR remote sensing technology offers a means of measuring surface soil moisture, however temporal and spatial data resolution is crucial for effective remote sensing soil moisture data integration in decision making. NASA SMAP mission provides volumetric measurement of water content in surface soil with three day revisit time producing to the wide number of time series with global coverage. But since the loss of radar there are only low spatial resolution data products of 40 km is available from SMAP radiometer.The aim of the research was to assess the feasibility of combined use of Sentinel-1 and SMAP data for soil moisture
mapping. L3_SM_40km Gridded Radiometer Brightness Temperature / Soil Moisture and Sentinel-1A images were selected for merge application. The resulted merged data product time series were developed for the vegetation period (June –September 2016) and compared with the precipitation data from gauging stations over Ukraine (fig.1). The correlation of soil moisture distribution from merged SMAP/Sentinel-1 data was demonstrated. Developed soil moisture maps were included in weekly bulletin of environmental conditions for crop production.
Machine Learning Classification to Identify Catastrophic Outlier Photometric Redshift Estimates
Creators: name: Singal, J.
name: Silverman, G.
name: Jones, E.
name: Do, T.
name: Boscoe, B.
name: Wan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of using a basic binary classification neural network model to identify likely catastrophic outlier photometric redshift estimates of individual galaxies, based only on the galaxies' measured photometric band magnitude values. We find that a simple implementation of this classification can identify a significant fraction of galaxies with catastrophic outlier photometric redshift estimates while falsely categorizing only a much smaller fraction of non-outliers. These methods have the potential to reduce the errors introduced into science analyses by catastrophic outlier photometric redshift estimates.
description: 7 pages, 2 figure blocks. Updated to ApJ accepted version
The band structure of the whole spectrum of an N-body cold system containing atoms with arbitrary integer spin and dominated by singlet pairing force
Creators: name: He, Y. Z.
name: Liu, Y. M.
name: Li, Z. B.
name: Bao, C. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spectra of $N$-boson systems with arbitrary nonzero spin $\mathfrak{f}$ have been studied. Firstly, only the singlet pairing interaction is considered, a set of eigenstates together with the eigenenergies are analytically obtained. The completeness of this set is proved. The analytical expression allows us to see clearly the spin structures of various states different in $N$ and/or $\mathfrak{f}$, and to find out the similarity and relationship lying among them. Secondly, the effect of other interactions is evaluated via exact numerical calculations on the systems with a smaller $N$. Some features and notable phenomena that might emerge in high-$\mathfrak{f}$ systems, say, the ground band might have extremely high level density, have been discussed.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Insight-HXMT, NuSTAR and INTEGRAL Data Show Disk Truncation in the Hard State of the Black-Hole X-Ray Binary MAXI J1820+070
Creators: name: Zdziarski, Andrzej A.
name: You, Bei
name: Szanecki, Michal
name: Li, Xiao-Bo
name: Ge, Min-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study X-ray and soft gamma-ray spectra from the hard state of the accreting black-hole binary MAXI J1820+070. We perform analysis of joint spectra from HXMT, NuSTAR and INTEGRAL. We find an overall agreement between the spectra from all three satellites. Satisfactory fits to the data require substantial spectral complexity, with our models including two Comptonization regions and their associated disk reflection, a disk blackbody and a narrow Fe K$α$ line. Our fits confirm the presence of the truncation of the reflecting optically-thick disk at least at $>$10 gravitational radii. However, we find that the HXMT data alone cannot significantly constrain the disk inner radii.
description: ApJ, in press, 10 pages
Ground-state and thermodynamic properties of the spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Heisenberg model on the anisotropic triangular lattice
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Matías G.
name: Bernu, Bernard
name: Pierre, Laurent
name: Messio, Laura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-$\frac12$ triangular lattice antiferromagnetic Heisenberg model has been for a long time the prototypical model of magnetic frustration. However, only very recently this model has been proposed to be realized in the Ba$_8$CoNb$_6$O$_{24}$ compound. The ground-state and thermodynamic properties are evaluated from a high-temperature series expansions interpolation method, called "entropy method", and compared to experiments. We find a ground-state energy $e_0 = -0.5445(2)$ in perfect agreement with exact diagonalization results. We also calculate the specific heat and entropy at all temperatures, finding a good agreement with the latest experiments, and evaluate which further interactions could improve the comparison. We explore the spatially anisotropic triangular lattice and provide evidence that supports the existence of a gapped spin liquid between the square and triangular lattices.
511 keV line constraints on feebly interacting particles from supernovae
Creators: name: Calore, Francesca
name: Carenza, Pierluca
name: Giannotti, Maurizio
name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Lucente, Giuseppe
name: Mastrototaro, Leonardo
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Feebly interacting particles with masses with O(10-100) MeV can be copiously produced by core-collapse supernovae (SNe). In this paper we consider the case of MeV-ish sterile neutrinos and dark photons mixed with ordinary neutrinos and photons, respectively. Furthermore, both sterile neutrinos and dark photons may decay into positrons on their route to Earth. Such positrons would annihilate with electrons in the Galactic medium and contribute to the photon flux in the 511 keV line. Using the SPI (SPectrometer on INTEGRAL) observation of this line improves the bounds on the mixing parameters for these particles by several orders of magnitude below what is already excluded by the SN 1987A energy-loss argument.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Minor changes to match the version published on PRD
Inonotus obliquus polysaccharide ameliorates dextran sulphate sodium induced colitis involving modulation of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg balance
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Fang
name: Zheng, Jin-Juan
name: Qu, Chao
name: Xiao, Yao
name: Li, Fang-Fang
name: Jin, Quan-Xin
name: Li, Hong-Hua
name: Meng, Fan-Ping
name: Jin, Gui-Hua
name: Jin, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an intestinal chronic inflammatory disease, and is related to imbalance of CD4+T subsets. However, the current treatments of chronic colitis are not ideal and have potential side effects. Therefore, more effective and safer biologically active substances which are extracted from natural plants have been widely concerned. In this study, it was found that Inonotus obliquus polysaccharides (IOP), the main bioactive constituent of Inonotus obliquus, can alleviate dextran sodium sulfate-induced chronic murine intestinal inflammation. Oral administration of IOP (100, 200, 300 mg/kg) can significantly reduce the disease active index and alleviate the pathological changes in colitis mice, where the tight junction proteins Occludin and ZO-1 losses in colon tissues were reduced. It can also regulate imbalanced Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg in colon tissues, mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction detection and flow cytometry. Immunohistochemistry and western blot assays further revealed the modulatory effect of IOP on the p-STAT1, p-STAT6, p-STAT3 expression, which promoted the balance of Th1/Th2, Th17/Treg in the colon of chronic colitis mice. In short, these results indicated that IOP was potentially effective therapeutic agent for IBD.
Stellar population astrophysics (SPA) with the TNG -- The chemical content of the red supergiant population in the Perseus complex
Creators: name: Fanelli, C.
name: Origlia, L.
name: Oliva, E.
name: Dalessandro, E.
name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Sanna, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Perseus complex in the outer disk of the Galaxy hosts a number of clusters and associations of young stars. Gaia is providing a detailed characterization of their kinematic structure and evolutionary properties. Aims. Within the SPA Large Programme at the TNG, we secured HARPS-N and GIANO-B high-resolution optical and near-infrared (NIR) spectra of the young red supergiant (RSG) stars in the Perseus complex, in order to obtain accurate radial velocities, stellar parameters and detailed chemical abundances. Methods. We used spectral synthesis to best-fit hundreds of atomic and molecular lines in the spectra of the observed 27 RSGs. We obtained accurate estimates of the stellar temperature, gravity, micro and macro turbulence velocities and chemical abundances for 25 different elements. We also measured the $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C abundance ratio. Results. Our combined optical and NIR chemical study provides homogeneous half-solar iron with a small dispersion, about solar-scaled abundance ratios for the iron-peak, alpha and other light elements and a small enhancement of Na, K and neutron-capture elements, consistent with the thin disk chemistry traced by older stellar populations at a similar Galactocentric distance of about 10 kpc. We inferred enhancement of N, depletion of C and of the $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C isotopic abundance ratio, consistent with mixing processes in the stellar interiors during the RSG evolution.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
NOEMA confirmation of an optically dark ALMA-AzTEC submillimetre galaxy at $z=5.24$. A late-stage starburst prior to quenching
Creators: name: Ikarashi, Soh
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Cowley, William I.
name: Kohno, Kotaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained 1 and 3 mm spectral scans of ASXDF1100.053.1 using NOEMA. ASXDF1100.053.1 is an unlensed optically dark millimetre-bright SMG with $K_{\rm AB}>25.7$ ($2σ$), which was expected to lie at $z=$5-7 based on its radio-submm photo-$z$. Our data detected line emission due to $^{12}$CO($J=$5-4) and ($J=$6-5), providing a $z_{\rm CO}= 5.2383\pm0.0005$. Energy-coupled SED modelling indicates properties of $L_{\rm IR}=8.3^{+1.5}_{-1.4}\times10^{12}$ L$_{\odot}$, SFR $=630^{+260}_{-380}$ M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$, $M_{\rm dust}=4.4^{+0.4}_{-0.3}\times10^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$, $M_{\rm stellar}=3.5^{+3.6}_{-1.4}\times10^{11}$ M$_{\odot}$, and $T_{\rm dust}=37.4^{+2.3}_{-1.8}$ K. The CO luminosity allows us to estimate a gas mass $M_{\rm gas}=3.1\pm0.3\times10^{10}$ M$_{\odot}$, suggesting a gas-to-dust mass ratio of around 70, fairly typical for $z\sim2$ SMGs. ASXDF1100.053.1 has $R_{\rm e, mm}=1.0^{+0.2}_{-0.1}$ kpc, so its surface $L_{\rm IR}$ density $Σ_{\rm IR}$ is $1.2^{+0.1}_{-0.2}\times10^{12}$ L$_{\odot}$ kpc$^{-2}$. These properties indicate that ASXDF1100.053.1 is a massive dusty star-forming (SF) galaxy with an unusually compact starburst. It lies close to the SF main sequence at $z\sim5$, with low $M_{\rm gas}$/$M_{\rm stellar}=0.09$, SFR/SFR$_{\rm MS} (R_{\rm SB})=0.6$, and a gas-depletion time $τ_{\rm dep}$ of $\approx 50$ Myr, modulo assumptions about the stellar initial mass function in such objects. ASXDF1100.053.1 has extreme values of $M_{\rm gas}/M_{\rm stellar}$, $R_{\rm SB}$, and $τ_{\rm dep}$ compared to SMGs at $z\sim$2-4, and those of ASXDF1100.053.1 are the smallest among SMGs at $z>5$. ASXDF1100.053.1 is likely a late-stage dusty starburst prior to passivisation. The number of $z=$5.1-5.3 unlensed SMGs now suggests a number density $dN/dz=30.4\pm19.0$ deg$^{-2}$, barely consistent with the latest cosmological simulations.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in A&A
Short time-scale X-ray spectral variability in the Seyfert 1 galaxy NGC 3783
Creators: name: Costanzo, D.
name: Dadina, M.
name: Vignali, C.
name: De Marco, B.
name: Cappi, M.
name: Petrucci, P. O.
name: Bianchi, S.
name: Kriss, G. A.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
name: Mehdipour, M.
name: Behar, E.
name: Matzeu, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the X-ray time resolved spectral analysis of XMM-Newton observations of NGC 3783. The main goal is to detect transient features in the Fe K line complex, in order to study the dynamics of the innermost accretion flow. We reanalize archival observations of NGC 3783, a bright local AGN, for which a transient Fe line was reported, complementing this data set with new available observations. This results in a long set of observations which can allow us to better assess the significance of transient features and possibly test their recurrence time. Moreover, since the new data catch the source in an obscured state, this analysis allows also to test whether the appearance/disappearance of transient features is linked to the presence of obscuring gas. We detect discrete features at the >=90% significance level both in emission and in absorption at different times of the observations, split into 5ks time-resolved spectra. The overall significance of individual features is higher in the obscured dataset. The energy distribution of the detections changes between the two states of the source, and the features appear to cluster at different energies. Counting the occurrences of emission/absorption lines at the same energies, we identify several groups of $\geq3σ$ detections: emission features in the 4-6 keV band are present in all observations and are most likely due to effects of the absorber present in the source; an emission line blend of neutral Fe K$β$/ionized Fe Ka is present in the unobscured dataset; absorption lines produced by gas at different ouflowing velocities and ionization states show an increase in energy between the two epochs, shifting from ~6 keV to ~6.7-6.9 keV. The representation of the features in a time-energy plane via residual maps highlighted a possible modulation of the Fe Ka line intensity, linked to the clumpiness of the absorbing medium.
description: accepted, A&A
Revealing the Field Sub-subgiant Population Using a Catalog of Active Giant Stars and Gaia EDR3
Creators: name: Leiner, Emily M.
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Gully-Santiago, Michael A.
name: Gosnell, Natalie M.
name: Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sub-subgiant stars (SSGs) fall below the subgiant branch and/or red of the giant branch in open and globular clusters, an area of the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) not populated by standard stellar evolution tracks. One hypothesis is that SSGs result from rapid rotation in subgiants or giants due to tidal synchronization in a close binary. The strong magnetic fields generated inhibit convection, which in turn produces large starspots, radius inflation, and lower-than-expected average surface temperatures and luminosities. Here we cross-reference a catalog of active giant binaries (RS CVns) in the field with Gaia EDR3. Using the Gaia photometry and parallaxes we precisely position the RS CVns in a CMD. We identify stars that fall below a 14 Gyr, metal-rich isochrone as candidate field SSGs. Out of a sample of 1723 RS CVn, we find 448 SSG candidates, a dramatic expansion from the 65 SSGs previously known. Most SSGs have rotation periods of 2-20 days, with the highest SSG fraction found among RS CVn with the shortest periods. The ubiquity of SSGs among this population indicates SSGs are a normal phase in evolution for RS CVn-type systems, not rare by-products of dynamical encounters found only in dense star clusters as some have suggested. We present our catalog of 1723 active giants, including Gaia photometry and astrometry, and rotation periods from TESS and VSX. This catalog can serve as an important sample to study the impacts of magnetic fields in evolved stars.
description: 16 pages, 7 Figures, 1 Table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
README
Creators: name: Dinelli, Luis Rogério
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The data file includes the original data of Figures from Fig.1 to Fig. 7. The file can be accessed by common softwares such as origin and edit image software.
Higher-Dimensional Symmetry of AdS$_2\times$S$^2$ Correlators
Creators: name: Abl, Theresa
name: Heslop, Paul
name: Lipstein, Arthur E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently shown that IIB supergravity on AdS$_5\times$S$^5$ enjoys 10d conformal symmetry and that superstring theory on this background can be described using a 10d scalar effective field theory. In this paper we adapt these two complementary approaches to correlators of hypermultiplets in AdS$_2\times$S$^2$. In particular, we show that 4-point correlators of $1/2$-BPS operators in the 1d boundary can be computed using 4d conformal symmetry and a 4d effective action in the bulk. The 4d conformal symmetry is realised by acting with Casimirs of $SU(1,1|2)$, and is generically broken by higher derivative corrections. We point out similar structure underlying $α'$ corrections to IIB supergravity in AdS$_5\times$S$^5$. In particular, while the $α'^3$ corrections can be written in terms of a sixth order Casimir acting on a 10d conformal block, similar structure does not appear in higher-order corrections. We note however that a specific combination of higher derivative corrections can give rise to Witten diagrams with higher dimensional symmetry at the integrand level, with breaking then arising from the measure.
description: v2. published in JHEP
Bathochromic effects in electronic excitation spectra of hydrated Ti zeolites
Creators: name: Tabacchi, Gloria
name: Gamba, Aldo
name: Fois, Ettore
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30699 Physical Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30304 Physical Chemistry of Materials
subject: 30701 Quantum Chemistry
subject: 30702 Radiation and Matter
subject: 30206 Solid State Chemistry
subject: 30606 Structural Chemistry and Spectroscopy
subject: 30799 Theoretical and Computational Chemistry not elsewhere classified
subject: 30207 Transition Metal Chemistry
subject: 30307 Theory and Design of Materials
subject: 30303 Optical Properties of Materials
subject: 20403 Condensed Matter Modelling and Density Functional Theory
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 100712 Nanoscale Characterisation
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology

description: Green open access version of the paper: Bathochromic Effects in Electronic Excitation Spectra of Hydrated Ti Zeolites: A Theoretical Characterization.Published in: ChemPhysChem, 2008, 9: 538–543. doi:10.1002/cphc.200700719which should be cited to refer to this work
Popular summary of this paper at:http://goo.gl/v17bvW