cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fluctuations in Nonequilibrium Statistical Mechanics: Models, Mathematical Theory, Physical Mechanisms
Creators: name: Rondoni, Lamberto
name: Mejia-Monasterio, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fluctuations in nonequilibrium systems are under intense theoretical and experimental investigation. Topical ``fluctuation relations'' describe symmetries of the statistical properties of certain observables, in a variety of models and phenomena. They have been derived in deterministic and, later, in stochastic frameworks. Other results first obtained for stochastic processes, and later considered in deterministic dynamics, describe the temporal evolution of fluctuations. The field has grown beyond expectation: research works and different perspectives are proposed at an ever faster pace. Indeed, understanding fluctuations is important for the emerging theory of nonequilibrium phenomena, as well as for applications, such as those of nanotechnological and biophysical interest. However, the links among the different approaches and the limitations of these approaches are not fully understood. We focus on these issues, providing: a) analysis of the theoretical models; b) discussion of the rigorous mathematical results; c) identification of the physical mechanisms underlying the validity of the theoretical predictions, for a wide range of phenomena.
description: 44 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Nonlinearity (2007)
Observations of Active Region Loops with the EUV Imaging Spectrometer on Hinode
Creators: name: Warren, Harry P.
name: Ugarte-Urra, Ignacio
name: Doschek, George A.
name: Brooks, David H.
name: Williams, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous solar observations have shown that coronal loops near 1 MK are difficult to reconcile with simple heating models. These loops have lifetimes that are long relative to a radiative cooling time, suggesting quasi-steady heating. The electron densities in these loops, however, are too high to be consistent with thermodynamic equilibrium. Models proposed to explain these properties generally rely on the existence of smaller scale filaments within the loop that are in various stages of heating and cooling. Such a framework implies that there should be a distribution of temperatures within a coronal loop. In this paper we analyze new observations from the EUV Imaging Spectrometer (EIS) on \textit{Hinode}. EIS is capable of observing active regions over a wide range of temperatures (\ion{Fe}{8}--\ion{Fe}{17}) at relatively high spatial resolution (1\arcsec). We find that most isolated coronal loops that are bright in \ion{Fe}{12} generally have very narrow temperature distributions ($σ_T \lesssim 3\times10^5$ K), but are not isothermal. We also derive volumetric filling factors in these loops of approximately 10%. Both results lend support to the filament models.
description: Submitted to ApJL
MATPOWER User's Manual
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Ray D.
name: Murillo-Sánchez, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: MATPOWER
power systems
power grid

description: This is the User's Manual for MATPOWER, a package of M-files for solving power flow, continuation power flow and optimal power flow problems using MATLAB or Octave. It is intended as a simulation tool for researchers and educators that is easy to use and modify. MATPOWER is designed to give the best performance possible while keeping the code simple to understand and modify.
description: {"references": ["R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, and R. J. Thomas, \"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education,\" Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12\u201319, Feb. 2011. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2051168.", "R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, and R. J. Thomas, \"MATPOWER's Extensible Optimal Power Flow Architecture,\" Power and Energy Society General Meeting, 2009 IEEE, pp. 1-7, July 26-30 2009. doi: 10.1109/PES.2009.5275967.", "H. Wang, C. E. Murillo-S\u00e1nchez, R. D. Zimmerman, R. J. Thomas, \"On Computational Issues of Market-Based Optimal Power Flow,\" Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 22, no. 3, pp. 1185-1193, Aug. 2007. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2007.901301.", "C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, R. D. Zimmerman, C. L. Anderson, and R. J. Thomas, \"Secure Planning and Operations of Systems with Stochastic Sources, Energy Storage and Active Demand,\" Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 2220\u20132229, Dec. 2013. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2013.2281001."]}
Battered wives : their growth towards independence
Creators: name: Fitzgerald, Sheollagh
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: An exploratory study was conducted to investigate the growth towards independence of four battered women. Those studied were assumed to be a heterogeneous sample of a target population of women who have separated from physically abusive husbands. The A-B-A design allowed for a treatment period in which a semi-structured counselling program could be implemented. Qualitative data was obtained in eight, weekly counselling sessions and was recorded in the form of four case studies. A semantic differential instrument of 12 polar adjective pairs was used to gather quantitative time series data for descriptive analysis. The women assessed their feelings in the given areas a total of 45 times over the three phases. Consistencies among the women within childhood were discussed as well as possible contributing factors to the growth process. The women's self-assessed effects of the treatment program were also explored. Based on the data, conclusions were suggested for individual and social change to more effectively meet the needs of battered women.
Thermal stability of n-dodecane : experiments and kinetic modelling
Creators: name: Herbinet, Olivier
name: Marquaire, Paul-Marie
name: Battin-Leclerc, Frédérique
name: Fournet, René
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal decomposition of n-dodecane, a component of some jet fuels, has been studied in a jet-stirred reactor at temperatures from 793 to 1093 K, for residence times between 1 and 5 s and at atmospheric pressure. Thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon fuel prior the entrance in the combustion chamber is an envisaged way to cool the wall of hypersonic vehicles. The products of the reaction are mainly hydrogen, methane, ethane, 1,3-butadiene and 1-alkenes from ethylene to 1-undecene. For higher temperatures and residence times acetylene, allene, propyne, cyclopentene, 1,3-cyclopentadiene and aromatic compounds from benzene to pyrene through naphthalene have also been observed. A previous detailed kinetic model of the thermal decomposition of n-dodecane generated using EXGAS software has been improved and completed by a sub-mechanism explaining the formation and the consumption of aromatic compounds.
Measurement of the EMC effect in light and heavy nuclei
Creators: name: Arrington, J.
name: Bane, J.
name: Daniel, A.
name: Fomin, N.
name: Gaskell, D.
name: Seely, J.
name: Asaturyan, R.
name: Benmokhtar, F.
name: Boeglin, W.
name: Bosted, P.
name: Bukhari, M. H. S.
name: Christy, M. E.
name: Connell, S.
name: Dalton, M. M.
name: Day, D.
name: Dunne, J.
name: Dutta, D.
name: Fassi, L. El
name: Ent, R.
name: Fenker, H.
name: Gao, H.
name: Holt, R. J.
name: Horn, T.
name: Hungerford, E.
name: Jones, M. K.
name: Jourdan, J.
name: Kalantarians, N.
name: Keppel, C. E.
name: Kiselev, D.
name: Lung, A. F.
name: Malace, S.
name: Meekins, D. G.
name: Mertens, T.
name: Mkrtchyan, H.
name: Niculescu, G.
name: Niculescu, I.
name: Potterveld, D. H.
name: Perdrisat, C.
name: Punjabi, V.
name: Qian, X.
name: Reimer, P. E.
name: Roche, J.
name: Rodriguez, V. M.
name: Rondon, O.
name: Schulte, E.
name: Slifer, K.
name: Smith, G. R.
name: Solvignon, P.
name: Tadevosyan, V.
name: Tang, L.
name: Testa, G.
name: Trojer, R.
name: Tvaskis, V.
name: Wesselmann, F. R.
name: Wood, S. A.
name: Yuan, L.
name: Zheng, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusive electron scattering from nuclear targets has been measured to extract the nuclear dependence of the inelastic cross section in Hall C at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator facility. Results are presented for 2H, 3He, 4He, 9B, 12C, 63Cu and 197Au at an incident electron beam energy of 5.77 GeV for a range of momentum transfer from Q^2 = 2 to 7 (GeV/c)^2. These data improve the precision of the existing measurements of the EMC effect in the nuclear targets at large x, and allow for more detailed examinations of the A dependence of the EMC effect.
description: 28 pages, 23 figures, archival paper for Jefferson Lab experiment E03-103
High frequency intrinsic modes in El Niño Southern Oscillation Index
Creators: name: Petroni, Filippo
name: Ausloos, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent $daily$ data of the Southern Oscillation Index have been analyzed. The power spectrum indicates major intrinsic geophysical short periods. We find interesting ``high frequency'' oscillations at 24, 27, 37, 76, 100 and 365 days. In particular the 24 days peaks may correspond to the Branstator-Kushnir wave, the 27 days may be due to the moon effect rotation, the 37 days peaks is most probably related to the Madden and Julian Oscillation. It is not yet clear the explanations for the 76 days which may be associated with interseasonal oscillation in the tropical atmosphere; the 100 days could be resulting from a mere beat between the 37 and 27 periods, or the 76 and 365 days. Next these periods are used to reconstruct the signal and to produce a forecast for the next 9 months, at the time of writing. After cleansing the signal of those periodicities a detrended fluctuation analysis is performed to reveal the nature of the stochastic structures in the signal and whether specific correlation can be found. We study the evolution of the distribution of first return times, in particular between $extreme$ $events$. A markedly significant difference from the expected distribution for uncorrelated events is found.
description: accepted for publication on Physica A
Production of Gravitational Waves in the nMSSM
Creators: name: Huber, Stephan J.
name: Konstandin, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During a strongly first-order phase transition gravitational waves are produced by bubble collisions and turbulent plasma motion. We analyze the relevant characteristics of the electroweak phase transition in the nMSSM to determine the generated gravitational wave signal. Additionally, we comment on correlations between the production of gravitational waves and baryogenesis. We conclude that the gravitational wave relic density in this model is generically too small to be detected in the near future by the LISA experiment. We also consider the case of a "Standard Model" with dimension-six Higgs potential, which leads to a slightly stronger signal of gravitational waves.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures; published version, some comments added
Collective hydrodynamic transport of magnetic microrollers
Creators: name: Junot, Gaspard
name: Cebers, Andrejs
name: Tierno, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the collective transport properties of microscopic magnetic rollers that propel close to a surface due to a circularly polarized, rotating magnetic field. The applied field exerts a torque to the particles, which induces a net rolling motion close to a surface. The collective dynamics of the particles result from the balance between magnetic dipolar interactions and hydrodynamic ones. We show that, when hydrodynamics dominate, i.e. for high particle spinning, the collective mean velocity linearly increases with the particle density. In this regime we analyse the clustering kinetics, and find that hydrodynamic interactions between the anisotropic, elongated particles, induce preferential cluster growth along a direction perpendicular to the driving one, leading to dynamic clusters that easily break and reform during propulsion.
description: Accepted in Soft Matter
BRIDGE: A Direct-tree Hybrid N-body Algorithm for Fully Self-consistent Simulations of Star Clusters and their Parent Galaxies
Creators: name: Fujii, M.
name: Iwasawa, M.
name: Funato, Y.
name: Makino, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a new direct-tree hybrid N-body algorithm for fully self-consistent N-body simulations of star clusters in their parent galaxies. In such simulations, star clusters need high accuracy, while galaxies need a fast scheme because of the large number of the particles required to model it. In our new algorithm, the internal motion of the star cluster is calculated accurately using the direct Hermite scheme with individual timesteps and all other motions are calculated using the tree code with second-order leapfrog integrator. The direct and tree schemes are combined using an extension of the mixed variable symplectic (MVS) scheme. Thus, the Hamiltonian corresponding to everything other than the internal motion of the star cluster is integrated with the leapfrog, which is symplectic. Using this algorithm, we performed fully self-consistent N-body simulations of star clusters in their parent galaxy. The internal and orbital evolutions of the star cluster agreed well with those obtained using the direct scheme. We also performed fully self-consistent N-body simulation for large-N models ($N=2\times 10^6$). In this case, the calculation speed was seven times faster than what would be if the direct scheme was used.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for PASJ
Testing Primordial Black Holes with multi-band observations of the stochastic gravitational wave background
Creators: name: Braglia, Matteo
name: Garcia-Bellido, Juan
name: Kuroyanagi, Sachiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass distribution of Primordial Black Holes (PBHs) is affected by drops in the pressure of the early Universe plasma. For example, events in the standard model of particle physics, such as the $W^\pm/Z^0$ decoupling, the quark-hadron transition, the muon and pion becoming non-relativistic, and the annihilation of electrons and positrons, cause a suppression in the Equation of State parameter and leave peaks in the PBH mass function around $10^{-6},\,2,\,60$, and $10^6\, M_\odot$, respectively, in the case of a nearly scale-invariant primordial power spectrum. The superposition of unresolved mergers of such PBHs results in a stochastic gravitational-wave background (SGWB) that covers a wide range of frequencies and can be tested with future gravitational wave (GW) detectors. In this paper, we discuss how its spectral shape can be used to infer properties about inflation, the thermal history of the Universe, and the dynamics of binary formation in dense halos encoded in their merger rate formula. Although many of these physical effects are degenerate within the sensitivity of a single detector, they can be disentangled by the simultaneous observation of the SGWB at different frequencies, highlighting the importance of multi-frequency observations of GWs to characterize the physics of PBHs from the early to the late time Universe.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. V2: matches version published in JCAP
Factors which encourage and inhibit self disclosure : an exploratory study
Creators: name: Old, Fiona Elizabeth Helen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Factors which affect self-disclosure were investigated in this study. The literature on this topic was seen to be in a state of disorganisation, and an attempt was made here to develop some system by which the volume of information on What facilitates and hinders self-disclosure could be made more meaningful. The Critical Incident Technique was employed in the interviewing of twenty-five male and female subjects from an urban Unitarian Church, and by which method the data was analysed. It was found that subjects responded on a level of perceived meaning, and on this basis, factors, derived from the incidents presented by the subjects,were categorised. The process of categorisation brought forth a distinction that could be made between responses of factors that were meaningful in themselves; and responses that were mere indicators of meaning. Three major headings emerged: PERSONAL QUALITIES, PERCEIVED COMMONALITY or PERCEIVED DIFFERENCES, and SITUATIONAL which seemed to encompass the core of the meaning of these factors which influence the self-disclosing process. Subcategories which included the indicators of meaning were placed under these headings. Thus a system for deriving meaning from past and future disparate research was developed; a parallel was drawn between these results and the core conditions of empathy, unconditional positive regard, and genuineness; and the implications of these results on the selection and training of counsellors were discussed.
A Steepest Descent Method for Set Optimization Problems with Set-Valued Mappings of Finite Cardinality
Creators: name: Bouza, Gemayqzel
name: Quintana, Ernest
name: Tammer, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C29, 90C46, 90C47

description: In this paper, we study a first order solution method for a particular class of set optimization problems where the solution concept is given by the set approach. We consider the case in which the set-valued objective mapping is identified by a finite number of continuously differentiable selections. The corresponding set optimization problem is then equivalent to find optimistic solutions to vector optimization problems under uncertainty with a finite uncertainty set. We develop optimality conditions for these types of problems, and introduce two concepts of critical points. Furthermore, we propose a descent method and provide a convergence result to points satisfying the optimality conditions previously derived. Some numerical examples illustrating the performance of the method are also discussed. This paper is a modified and polished version of Chapter 5 in the PhD thesis by Quintana (On set optimization with set relations: a scalarization approach to optimality conditions and algorithms, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, 2020).
Global well-posedness of the critical Burgers equation in critical Besov spaces
Creators: name: Miao, Changxing
name: Wu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35K55; 35Q53

description: We make use of the method of modulus of continuity \cite{K-N-S} and Fourier localization technique \cite{A-H} to prove the global well-posedness of the critical Burgers equation $\partial_{t}u+u\partial_{x}u+Λu=0$ in critical Besov spaces $\dot{B}^{\frac{1}{p}}_{p,1}(\mathbb{R})$ with $p\in[1,\infty)$, where $Λ=\sqrt{-\triangle}$.
description: 21pages
Extremal Chaos
Creators: name: Kundu, Sandipan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In maximally chaotic quantum systems, a class of out-of-time-order correlators (OTOCs) saturate the Maldacena-Shenker-Stanford (MSS) bound on chaos. Recently, it has been shown that the same OTOCs must also obey an infinite set of (subleading) constraints in any thermal quantum system with a large number of degrees of freedom. In this paper, we find a unique analytic extension of the maximally chaotic OTOC that saturates all the subleading chaos bounds which allow saturation. This extremally chaotic OTOC has the feature that information of the initial perturbation is recovered at very late times. Furthermore, we argue that the extremally chaotic OTOC provides a Källen-Lehmann-type representation for all OTOCs. This representation enables the identification of all analytic completions of maximal chaos as small deformations of extremal chaos in a precise way.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures
Matching NLO QCD computations with Parton Shower simulations: the POWHEG method
Creators: name: Frixione, Stefano
name: Nason, Paolo
name: Oleari, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to describe in detail the POWHEG method, first suggested by one of the authors, for interfacing parton-shower generators with NLO QCD computations. We describe the method in its full generality, and then specify its features in two subtraction frameworks for NLO calculations: the Catani-Seymour and the Frixione-Kunszt-Signer approach. Two examples are discussed in detail in both approaches: the production of hadrons in e+e- collisions, and the Drell-Yan vector-boson production in hadronic collisions.
description: 91 pages, 2 figures
The autoignition of cyclopentane and cyclohexane in a shock tube
Creators: name: Sirjean, Baptiste
name: Buda, Frédéric
name: Hakka, Hichem
name: Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre
name: Fournet, René
name: Warth, Valérie
name: Battin-Leclerc, Frédérique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ignition delay times of cyclohexane-oxygen-argon and cyclopentane-oxygen-argon mixtures have been measured in a shock tube, the onset of ignition being detected by OH radical emission. Mixtures contained 0.5 or 1 % of hydrocarbon for equivalence ratios ranging from 0.5 to 2. Reflected shock waves allowed temperatures from 1230 to 1800 K and pressures from 7.3 to 9.5 atm to be obtained. These measurements have shown that cyclopentane is much less reactive than cyclohexane, as for a given temperature the observed autoignition delay times were about ten times higher for the C5 compound compared to the C6. Detailed mechanisms for the combustion of cyclohexane and cyclopentane have been proposed to reproduce these results. The elementary steps included in the kinetic models of the oxidation of cyclanes are close to those proposed to describe the oxidation of acyclic alkanes and alkenes. Consequently, it has been possible to obtain these models by using an improved version of software EXGAS, a computer package developed to perform the automatic generation of detailed kinetic models for the gas-phase oxidation and combustion of linear and branched alkanes and alkenes. Nevertheless, the modelling of the oxidation of cyclanes requires to consider new types of generic reactions, and especially to define new correlations for the estimation of the rate constants. Ab initio calculations have been used to better know some of the rate constants used in the case of cyclopentane. The main reaction pathways have been derived from flow rate and sensitivity analyses.
Current Development Status of Cucumber Industry in Linyi City and Countermeasures for Improving Quality and Benefits
Creators: name: ZHANG Yongtao
name: ZHOU Xuyuan
name: LENG Peng
name: GU Zhaoshuai
name: CAO Deqiang
name: ZHANG Yongtao
name: ZHOU Xuyuan
name: LENG Peng
name: GU Zhaoshuai
name: CAO Deqiang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Cucumber industry, Linyi City, Current development status, Existing problems, Quality and benefit improvement, Countermeasures

description: In order to expand and strengthen the cucumber industry in Linyi City of Shandong City and make it more effective in revitalizing the rural economy, the authors surveyed the current situation of the cucumber planting area, production management, fresh-keeping processing and marketing in Linyi City. Based on the survey, it analyzed the current problems in the development of the cucumber industry in Linyi City, including low level of facilities and equipment, the post-picking processing technology, the imperfect quality control system, the low degree of information and the weak degree of organization. Finally, it came up with recommendations including developing increasing modern technological innovation of facility structure and equipment, accelerating research on post-picking commercial processing technology of cucumber, accelerating the construction of product quality traceability system, promoting in-depth integration of informationization and cucumber industry, and improving the degree of organization and industrialization, to improve the quality and benefits of cucumber industry, so as to provide guidance for improving the overall quality, benefit and market competitiveness of cucumber industry in Linyi City.
Turbulence in the intragroup and circumgalactic medium
Creators: name: Schmidt, W.
name: Schmidt, J. P.
name: Grete, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In massive objects, such as galaxy clusters, the turbulent velocity dispersion, $σ_\mathrm{turb}$, is tightly correlated to both the object mass, $M$, and the thermal energy. Here, we investigate whether these scaling laws extend to lower-mass objects in dark-matter filaments. We perform a cosmological zoom-in simulation of a filament using an adaptive filtering technique for the resolved velocity component and a subgrid-scale model to account for the unresolved component. We then compute the mean turbulent and thermal energies for all halos in the zoom-in region and compare different definitions of halo averages. Averaging constrained by density and temperature thresholds is favored over averages solely based on virial spheres. We find no clear trend for the turbulent velocity dispersion versus halo mass, but significant correlation and a scaling law with exponent $α\sim 0.5$ between the turbulent velocity dispersion and thermal energy that agrees with a nearly constant turbulent Mach number, similar to more massive objects. We conclude that the self-similar energetics proposed for galaxy clusters extends down to the CGM of individual galaxies.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, submitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics
Extrema of discrete Wigner functions and applications
Creators: name: Casaccino, Andrea
name: Galvao, Ernesto F.
name: Severini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the class of discrete Wigner functions proposed by Gibbons et al. [Phys. Rev. A 70, 062101 (2004)] to describe quantum states using a discrete phase-space based on finite fields. We find the extrema of such functions for small Hilbert space dimensions, and present a quantum information application: a construction of quantum random access codes. These are constructed using the complete set of phase-space point operators to find encoding states and to obtain the codes' average success rates for Hilbert space dimensions 2,3,4,5,7 and 8.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure. v2: minor changes, published version
Probabilistic Autoencoder using Fisher Information
Creators: name: Zacherl, Johannes
name: Frank, Philipp
name: Enßlin, Torsten A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural Networks play a growing role in many science disciplines, including physics. Variational Autoencoders (VAEs) are neural networks that are able to represent the essential information of a high dimensional data set in a low dimensional latent space, which have a probabilistic interpretation. In particular the so-called encoder network, the first part of the VAE, which maps its input onto a position in latent space, additionally provides uncertainty information in terms of a variance around this position. In this work, an extension to the Autoencoder architecture is introduced, the FisherNet. In this architecture, the latent space uncertainty is not generated using an additional information channel in the encoder, but derived from the decoder, by means of the Fisher information metric. This architecture has advantages from a theoretical point of view as it provides a direct uncertainty quantification derived from the model, and also accounts for uncertainty cross-correlations. We can show experimentally that the FisherNet produces more accurate data reconstructions than a comparable VAE and its learning performance also apparently scales better with the number of latent space dimensions.
description: 25 pages, 11 figures
Phase Transitions on Fixed Connected Graphs and Random Graphs in the Presence of Noise
Creators: name: Liu, Jialing
name: Yadav, Vikas
name: Sehgal, Hullas
name: Olson, Joshua M.
name: Liu, Haifeng
name: Elia, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we study the phase transition behavior emerging from the interactions among multiple agents in the presence of noise. We propose a simple discrete-time model in which a group of non-mobile agents form either a fixed connected graph or a random graph process, and each agent, taking bipolar value either +1 or -1, updates its value according to its previous value and the noisy measurements of the values of the agents connected to it. We present proofs for the occurrence of the following phase transition behavior: At a noise level higher than some threshold, the system generates symmetric behavior (vapor or melt of magnetization) or disagreement; whereas at a noise level lower than the threshold, the system exhibits spontaneous symmetry breaking (solid or magnetization) or consensus. The threshold is found analytically. The phase transition occurs for any dimension. Finally, we demonstrate the phase transition behavior and all analytic results using simulations. This result may be found useful in the study of the collective behavior of complex systems under communication constraints.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures. To appear in the IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control
Enhanced trion emission in monolayer MoSe2 by constructing a type-I van der Waals heterostructure
Creators: name: Duan, Juanmei
name: Chava, Phanish
name: Ghorbani-Asl, Mahdi
name: Erb, Denise
name: Hu, Liang
name: Krasheninnikov, Arkady V.
name: Schneider, Harald
name: Rebohle, Lars
name: Erbe, Artur
name: Helm, Manfred
name: Zeng, Yu-Jia
name: Zhou, Shengqiang
name: Prucnal, Slawomir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trions, quasi-particles consisting of two electrons combined with one hole or of two holes with one electron, have recently been observed in transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) and drawn increasing attention due to potential applications of these materials in light-emitting diodes, valleytronic devices as well as for being a testbed for understanding many-body phenomena. Therefore, it is important to enhance the trion emission and its stability. In this study, we construct a MoSe2/FePS3 van der Waals heterostructure (vdWH) with type-I band alignment, which allows for carriers injection from FePS3 to MoSe2. At low temperatures, the neutral exciton (X0) emission in this vdWH is almost completely suppressed. The ITrion/Ix0 intensity ratio increases from 0.44 in a single MoSe2 monolayer to 20 in this heterostructure with the trion charging state changing from negative in the monolayer to positive in the heterostructure. The optical pumping with circularly polarized light shows a 14% polarization for the trion emission in MoSe2/FePS3. Moreover, forming such type-I vdWH also gives rise to a 20-fold enhancement of the room temperature photoluminescence from monolayer MoSe2. Our results demonstrate a novel approach to convert excitons to trions in monolayer 2D TMDCs via interlayer doping effect using type-I band alignment in vdWH.
description: 21 pages, including the suppl. materials, accepted at Adv. Fun. Mater
Life role aspirations of high ability female undergraduates
Creators: name: McBain, Laura-Lynne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study used a biodemographical questionnaire and a variant of Kelly's (1955) repertory grid technique to examine the life role aspirations (career, home and family, and personal) of a group of high ability women and to describe how their role perceptions and expectations seemed to influence their career aspirations. All subjects were of similar high academic standing (72% average or above) and were either in the final year of the Bachelor of Commerce Program at the University of British Columbia or in first year Law (combined Commerce/Law Option). Twenty-nine subjects met with the researcher in small groups to complete the questionnaires. Each subject provided biodemographical data, including information about her projected five-year plans for paid employment, graduate or professional school, relationship style/marital status, and children. In addition, each subject completed a 12 x 12 role grid while imagining herself in each of 12 different roles during the subsequent five years of her life. Twelve roles and 12 constructs (considerations judged to be important influencing factors in the life role aspirations of women) were rank ordered in terms of personal preference and importance. Then, each of the 12 roles was rated according to each of the 12 constructs. Group results were reported and described on a number of dimensions, including level and type of career aspirations, preference and preferability ranks of roles, importance and centrality ranks of constructs, overall level of conflict, conflict between constructs, and conflict between roles. The main finding was that all the women in the group were aspiring to relatively high level full-time careers in business or law for the next five year period of their lives. Their most preferred roles were professional roles. They appeared to be most strongly motivated by a desire for personal growth, which they seemed to construe mainly in terms of achievement. On the whole, they seemed to be a group of confident and independent women who were conflict-free in their attitudes toward their projected life roles. The results of this study are useful to counsellors and educators of high ability women who are seeking to combine multiple roles in a manner which allows for maximum development of potential.
Light dark bosons in the JUNO-TAO neutrino detector
Creators: name: Smirnov, Mikhail
name: Yang, Guang
name: Liao, Jiajun
name: Hu, Zhuojun
name: Ling, Jiajie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a sensitivity study of a reactor liquid scintillator detector to three kinds of dark bosons with masses below 1 MeV, such as dark photons, axion-like particles and light scalar bosons. The JUNO-TAO detector with Taishan nuclear reactor is taken as a reference. With proposed 180 days data taking, the sensitivity to the dark bosons can reach $\sim10^{-5}$ 95%C.L. for the optimized signal to background ratio for the electron coupling constant $\it{g_X} $ through inverse Compton-like scattering. Similar calculations are completed for axion-like particles and scalar bosons. The background systematic uncertainty presents as the main limiting factor for the further sensitivity improvement. Several remarks are made to the controversial analysis for the NEOS experiment. Additionally the differential and the inverse differential cross sections have been derived for all three boson types and their interactions with electrons in liquid scintillator.
Extension of the composite CBS-QB3 method to singlet diradical calculations
Creators: name: Sirjean, Baptiste
name: Fournet, René
name: Glaude, Pierre-Alexandre
name: Ruiz-Lopez, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The composite CBS-QB3 method is widely used to obtain accurate energies of molecules and radicals although its use in the case of singlet diradicals gives rise to some difficulties. The problem is related to the parameterized correction this method introduces to account for spin-contamination. We report a new term specifically designed to describe singlet diradicals separated by at least one CH2 unit. As a test case, we have computed the formation enthalpy of a series of diradicals that includes hydrocarbons as well as systems involving heteroatoms (nitrogen, oxygen). The resulting CBS-QB3 energies are very close to experiment.
Design and Implementation of the Transparent, Interpretable, and Multimodal (TIM) AR Personal Assistant
Creators: name: McGowan, Erin
name: Rulff, Joao
name: Castelo, Sonia
name: Wu, Guande
name: Chen, Shaoyu
name: Lopez, Roque
name: Steers, Bea
name: Roman, Iran R.
name: Dias, Fabio F.
name: Qian, Jing
name: Solunke, Parikshit
name: Middleton, Michael
name: McKendrick, Ryan
name: Silva, Claudio T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of an AI assistant for task guidance is rapidly shifting from a science fiction staple to an impending reality. Such a system is inherently complex, requiring models for perceptual grounding, attention, and reasoning, an intuitive interface that adapts to the performer's needs, and the orchestration of data streams from many sensors. Moreover, all data acquired by the system must be readily available for post-hoc analysis to enable developers to understand performer behavior and quickly detect failures. We introduce TIM, the first end-to-end AI-enabled task guidance system in augmented reality which is capable of detecting both the user and scene as well as providing adaptable, just-in-time feedback. We discuss the system challenges and propose design solutions. We also demonstrate how TIM adapts to domain applications with varying needs, highlighting how the system components can be customized for each scenario.
description: Copyright 2025 IEEE. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining and training of artificial intelligence and similar technologies. Personal use is permitted, but republication/redistribution requires IEEE permission. Article accepted for publication in IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications. This is the author's version, content may change prior to final publication
High-sensitivity tool for studying phonon related mechanical losses in low loss materials
Creators: name: Heinert, Daniel
name: Zimmer, Anja
name: Nawrodt, Ronny
name: Koettig, Torsten
name: Schwarz, Christian
name: Hudl, Matthias
name: Vodel, Wolfgang
name: Tünnermann, Andreas
name: Seidel, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental mechanical loss mechanisms exist even in very pure materials, for instance, due to the interactions of excited acoustic waves with thermal phonons. A reduction of these losses in a certain frequency range is desired in high precision instruments like gravitational wave detectors. Systematic analyses of the mechanical losses in those low loss materials are essential for this aim, performed in a highly sensitive experimental set-up. Our novel method of mechanical spectroscopy, cryogenic resonant acoustic spectroscopy of bulk materials (CRA spectroscopy), is well suited to systematically determine losses at the resonant frequencies of the samples of less than 10^(-9) in the wide temperature range from 5 to 300 K. A high precision set-up in a specially built cryostat allows contactless excitation and readout of the oscillations of the sample. The experimental set-up and measuring procedure are described. Limitations to our experiment due to external loss mechanisms are analysed. The influence of the suspension system as well as the sample preparation is explained.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of PHONONS07, submitted to Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Presenting a Larger Up-to-date Movie Dataset and Investigating the Effects of Pre-released Attributes on Gross Revenue
Creators: name: Sharma, Arnab Sen
name: Roy, Tirtha
name: Rifat, Sadique Ahmmod
name: Mridul, Maruf Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Movie-making has become one of the most costly and risky endeavors in the entertainment industry. Continuous change in the preference of the audience makes it harder to predict what kind of movie will be financially successful at the box office. So, it is no wonder that cautious, intelligent stakeholders and large production houses will always want to know the probable revenue that will be generated by a movie before making an investment. Researchers have been working on finding an optimal strategy to help investors in making the right decisions. But the lack of a large, up-to-date dataset makes their work harder. In this work, we introduce an up-to-date, richer, and larger dataset that we have prepared by scraping IMDb for researchers and data analysts to work with. The compiled dataset contains the summery data of 7.5 million titles and detail information of more than 200K movies. Additionally, we perform different statistical analysis approaches on our dataset to find out how a movie's revenue is affected by different pre-released attributes such as budget, runtime, release month, content rating, genre etc. In our analysis, we have found that having a star cast/director has a positive impact on generated revenue. We introduce a novel approach for calculating the star power of a movie. Based on our analysis we select a set of attributes as features and train different machine learning algorithms to predict a movie's expected revenue. Based on generated revenue, we classified the movies in 10 categories and achieved a one-class-away accuracy rate of almost 60% (bingo accuracy of 30%). All the generated datasets and analysis codes are available online. We also made the source codes of our scraper bots public, so that researchers interested in extending this work can easily modify these bots as they need and prepare their own up-to-date datasets.
NLO Semi-inclusive Drell-Yan cross-section in Quantum ChromoDynamics as a Factorization Analyzer
Creators: name: Ceccopieri, Federico A.
name: Trentadue, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate in perturbative QCD the semi-inclusive Drell-Yan cross-section for the production of a single hadron accompaining the lepton pair. We demonstrate to one loop level a collinear factorization formula within the fracture functions approach. We propose such a process as a factorization analyzer in hadronic collisions. Phenomenological implications at the hadron colliders are briefly discussed.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, references added. Submitted to Phys.Lett.B
How water wets and self-hydrophilizes nanopatterns of physisorbed hydrocarbons
Creators: name: Diaz, Diego
name: Nickel, Ole
name: Moraga, Nicolas
name: Catalan, Rodrigo E.
name: Retamal, Maria Jose
name: Zelada, Hugo
name: Cisternas, Marcelo
name: Meissner, Robert
name: Huber, Patrick
name: Corrales, Tomas P.
name: Volkmann, Ulrich G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly bound, physisorbed hydrocarbons could in principle provide a similar water-repellency as obtained by chemisorption of strongly bound hydrophobic molecules at surfaces. Here we present experiments and computer simulations on the wetting behavior of water on molecularly thin, self-assembled alkane carpets of dotriacontane (n-C32H66 or C32) physisorbed on the hydrophilic native oxide layer of silicon surfaces during dip-coating from a binary alkane solution. By changing the dip-coating velocity we control the initial C32 surface coverage and achieve distinct film morphologies, encompassing homogeneous coatings with self-organised nanopatterns that range from dendritic nano-islands to stripes. These patterns exhibit a good water wettability even though the carpets are initially prepared with a high coverage of hydrophobic alkane molecules. Using in-liquid atomic force microscopy, along with molecular dynamics simulations, we trace this to a rearrangement of the alkane layers upon contact with water. This restructuring is correlated to the morphology of the C32 coatings, i.e. their fractal dimension. Water molecules displace to a large extent the first adsorbed alkane monolayer and thereby reduce the hydrophobic C32 surface coverage. Thus, our experiments evidence that water molecules can very effectively hydrophilize initially hydrophobic surfaces that consist of weakly bound hydrocarbon carpets.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures, Supplementary information including 2 movies as ancillary file, in press
TESS Experiment: Do Americans Think Surgeon = Male in 2019?
Creators: name: Banaji, Mahzarin
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2023

description: Time-sharing Experiments for the Social Sciences (TESS) offers researchers the opportunity to capture the internal validity of experiments. Investigators submit proposals, and TESS fields successful proposals for free on a representative sample of adults in the United States. This experiment was conducted to investigate the presence, magnitude, and psychological and demographic correlates of the surgeon=male stereotype in the United States. The experiment is built from the classic surgeon riddle wherein a father and son are in a car accident, the father dies and the son is taken to the hospital. At the hospital the attending surgeon says, “I can't operate on this boy. He's my son!” and the riddle asks how this can be (solution: surgeon is the boy’s mother). Respondents were randomly assigned to read either the classic “son” version of the riddle or one of two variations (“daughter”, “child”). A total of 3,010 respondents participated. After answering the riddle, respondents indicated their assumptions about the gender distributions of U.S. surgeons, beliefs about whether men or women are more “naturally suited” to be surgeons, and whether they personally know any female or male surgeons/doctors. This allowed for comparison of ‘mother’ responses across gender language variations, assumptions of gender distribution, essentialist beliefs, familiarity, and respondent demographics.