cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing models of extragalactic $γ$-ray propagation using observations of extreme blazars in GeV and TeV energy ranges
Creators: name: Dzhatdoev, T. A.
name: Khalikov, E. V.
name: Kircheva, A. P.
name: Lyukshin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review contemporary extragalactic γ-ray propagation models. It is shown that the Extragalactic Magnetic Field (EGMF) strength and structure are poorly known. Strict lower limits on the EGMF strength in voids are of order 10^{-17}--10^{-20} G, thus allowing a substantial contribution of a secondary component generated by electromagnetic cascades to the observable spectrum. We show that this "electromagnetic cascade model" is supported by data from imaging Cherenkov telescopes and the Fermi LAT detector.
description: Proc. 2nd International Conference on Particle Physics and Astrophysics, Moscow (2016), 5 pages, 4 figures
Two-dimensional electronic spectra of the photosynthetic apparatus of green sulfur bacteria
Creators: name: Kramer, Tobias
name: Rodriguez, Mirta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in time resolved spectroscopy have provided new insight into the energy transmission in natural photosynthetic complexes. Novel theoretical tools and models are being developed in order to explain the experimental results. We provide a model calculation for the two-dimensional electronic spectra of Cholorobaculum tepidum which correctly describes the main features and transfer time scales found in recent experiments. From our calculation one can infer the coupling of the antenna chlorosome with the environment and the coupling between the chlorosome and the Fenna-Matthews-Olson complex. We show that environment assisted transport between the subunits is the required mechanism to reproduce the experimental two-dimensional electronic spectra.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted Scientific Reports
Nonlinear optical absorption and photocurrents in topological insulators
Creators: name: Leppenen, N. V.
name: Golub, L. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theory of optical absorption of linearly and circularly polarized light in surface and edge states in topological insulators is developed for a nonlinear in light intensity regime. The absorbance for surface states and the absorption width for the edge states both decease as $1/\sqrt{I}$ at high light intensity $I$. Elastic scattering of the photoexcited electrons and holes is taken into account. The absorption bleaching at high intensity is shown to be strongly suppressed by the elastic scattering. The linear-circular dichroism of one- and two-photon absorption in surface states, emerging in the nonlinear in intensity regime, decreases due to the elastic scattering of photocarriers. Absorption in the edge states of two-dimensional topological insulators also depends on the elastic scattering rate being suppressed when it is stronger that the energy relaxation rate. The linear dichroism - a dependence of the absorption length on the polarization plane orientation - is studied at arbitrary light intensities. We show that a degree of the linear dichroism is governed by the ratio of the elastic and inelastic relaxation times. The photocurrents generated in the edge states by both linearly and circularly polarized light change their intensity dependencies from the linear one at low $I$ to the $\propto \sqrt{I}$ at high intensities. The variation of the photocurrents with both polarization and intensity are strongly dependent on the elastic scattering rate. The considered effects can be observed in THz frequency range at laser intensities used in modern experiments.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Security and Privacy of performing Data Analytics in the cloud - A three-way handshake of Technology, Policy, and Management
Creators: name: Rastogi, Nidhi
name: Gloria, Marie Joan Kristine
name: Hendler, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.0; D.4.6; K.4.1; C.2.4

description: Cloud platform came into existence primarily to accelerate IT delivery and to promote innovation. To this point, it has performed largely well to the expectations of technologists, businesses and customers. The service aspect of this technology has paved the road for a faster set up of infrastructure and related goals for both startups and established organizations. This has further led to quicker delivery of many user-friendly applications to the market while proving to be a commercially viable option to companies with limited resources. On the technology front, the creation and adoption of this ecosystem has allowed easy collection of massive data from various sources at one place, where the place is sometimes referred as just the cloud. Efficient data mining can be performed on raw data to extract potentially useful information, which was not possible at this scale before. Targeted advertising is a common example that can help businesses. Despite these promising offerings, concerns around security and privacy of user information suppressed wider acceptance and an all-encompassing deployment of the cloud platform. In this paper, we discuss security and privacy concerns that occur due to data exchanging hands between a cloud servicer provider (CSP) and the primary cloud user - the data collector, from the content generator. We offer solutions that encompass technology, policy and sound management of the cloud service asserting that this approach has the potential to provide a holistic solution.
description: 28 pages, 3 figures, Journal of Information Privacy
title: Positive relationships between bottom trawl and acoustic data
Creators: name: Beare, D.J.
name: Reid, D.G.
name: Greig, T.
name: Bez, N.
name: Hjellvik, V.
name: Godo, O.R.
name: Bouleau, M.
name: Van Der Kooij, J.
name: Neville, S.
name: Mackinson., S.
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Demersal fish stock biomass is usually estimated using commercial landings data, ‘tuned’ by various types of survey data, usually trawl. When collecting fish data by trawl it is only possible to take relatively small numbers of samples, but each component of the catch can be measured and resolved to species. Acoustic data, on the other hand, are easy to collect since continuous sampling can be maintained at speed (10 knots) but discerning species and size structure from data is difficult. Here we investigate whether these two different measurements of the same quantity (fish abundance/biomass) are actually related to each other. To do this, databases were built that consisted of simultaneous acoustic and catch data collected during a trawl haul. These are described as 'on station data'. Both trawl haul and acoustic data were found to have high variances and direct correlation between them tended to be weakly positive, although the spatial and temporal trajectories captured by both the trawl and acoustic data were similar. The reasons for this apparent inconsistency are explained. In many situations, however, direct positive correlation was found; relationships perhaps strong enough to be extended to acoustic data collected between trawl stations, ie. 'underway data'. Factors leading to such situations are also described. Given the number and characteristics of the favorable cases, we go on to comment whether such relationships can realistically be used in the construction of combined trawl and acoustic indices and under which conditions
title: DERIVATIZATION OF STABLE, SOLUBLE REDOX-ACTIVE ORGANIC MATERIALS FOR NON-AQUEOUS REDOX FLOW BATTERIES
Creators: name: Suduwella, Thilini
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: In screening active materials for redox flow batteries (RFBs) – in which solubility is important to raise the volumetric energy density – scientists are slave to trial and error, modifying organic molecules in an attempt to optimize (increase) solubility without compromising other important properties such as stability and redox potential. A trained chemist can often predict the trends of solubility with the structural modifications in the neutral state of the materials, but when it’s come to the charged state of the materials, it doesn’t follow the same trend as the neutral species and relative values are hard to predict. The solubility of a wide variety of phenothiazine derivatives – in both relevant states of charge (neutral and radical cation) – in a nonaqueous electrolyte is measured using an NMR solubility technique. To predict the solubility trends, different experimental and computational parameters can be incorporated.

The volumetric energy density of the RFB also depends on the cell voltage. Compared to phenothiazine derivative carbazole derivatives have higher oxidation potentials, hence higher cell voltages can be achieved. Therefore, different structural modifications on carbazole core were studied to enhance other important properties such as solubility, stability, and electrochemical reversibility, under the non-aqueous electrolyte environments.
description: © 2020 Thilini Malsha Suduwella
Estimating Phosphorescent Emission Energies in Ir(III) Complexes using Large-Scale Quantum Computing Simulations
Creators: name: Genin, Scott N.
name: Ryabinkin, Ilya G.
name: Paisley, Nathan R.
name: Whelan, Sarah O.
name: Helander, Michael G.
name: Hudson, Zachary M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum chemistry simulations that accurately predict the properties of materials are among the most highly anticipated applications of quantum computing. It is widely believed that simulations running on quantum computers will allow for higher accuracy, but there has not yet been a convincing demonstration that quantum methods are competitive with existing classical methods at scale. Here we apply the iterative qubit coupled cluster (iQCC) method on classical hardware to the calculation of the $T_1 \to S_0$ transition energies in nine phosphorescent iridium complexes, to determine if quantum simulations have any advantage over traditional computing methods. Phosphorescent iridium complexes are integral to the widespread commercialization of organic light-emitting diode (OLED) technology, yet accurate computational prediction of their emission energies remains a challenge. Our simulations would require a gate-based quantum computer with a minimum of 72 fully-connected and error-corrected logical qubits. Since such devices do not yet exist, we demonstrate the iQCC quantum method using a special purpose quantum simulator on classical hardware. The results are compared to a selection of common density-functional theory (DFT) functionals (B3LYP, CAM-B3LYP, LC-wHPBE), ab initio methods (HF and MP2), and experimental data. The iQCC quantum method is found to match the accuracy of the fine-tuned DFT functionals, has a better Pearson correlation coefficient, and still has considerable potential for systematic improvement. Based on these results, we anticipate that the iQCC quantum method will have the required accuracy to design organometallic complexes when deployed on emerging quantum hardware.
description: Supplementary is added
Stable equilibrium point and oscillatory motion of the Universe in a model with variable vacuum energy
Creators: name: Trachenko, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the mechanism by which the field vacuum energy varies as a result of strong self-interaction. We propose a non-perturbative approach to treat strong interactions and discuss the problem in terms of quasi-particles describing the motion of field modes. The resulting vacuum energy is variable and depends on the state of the system. If the interacting scalar field is related to the cosmological field, an acceleration equation with a stable equilibrium point follows in a simple model, predicting the oscillatory behavior of the scale factor and other cosmological effects.
Exoplanet Predictions Based on Harmonic Orbit Resonances
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
name: Scholkmann, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current exoplanet database includes 5454 confirmed planets and candidate planets observed with the KEPLER mission. We find 932 planet pairs from which we extract distance and orbital period ratios. While earlier studies used the Titius-Bode law or a generalized version with logarithmic spacing, which both lack a physical model, we employ here the theory of harmonic orbit resonances, which contains quantized ratios instead, to explain the observed planet distance ratios and to predict undetected exoplanets. We find that the most prevailing harmonic ratios are (2:1), (3:2), and (5:3), in 73\% of the cases, while alternative harmonic ratios of (5:4), (4:3), (5:2), (3:1) occur in 27\% of the other cases. Our orbital predictions includes 171 exoplanets, 2 Jupiter moons, one Saturn moon, 3 Uranus moons, and 4 Neptune moons. The accuracy of the predicted planet distances amounts to a few percent, which fits the data significantly better than the Titius-Bode law or a logarithmic spacing. This information may be useful for targeted exoplanet searches with Kepler data and to estimate the number of live-carrying planets in habitable zones.
description: 9 pages, 7 Figures
BreakBot: Analyzing the Impact of Breaking Changes to Assist Library Evolution
Creators: name: Ochoa, Lina
name: Degueule, Thomas
name: Falleri, Jean-Rémy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: "If we make this change to our code, how will it impact our clients?" It is difficult for library maintainers to answer this simple-yet essential!-question when evolving their libraries. Library maintainers are constantly balancing between two opposing positions: make changes at the risk of breaking some of their clients, or avoid changes and maintain compatibility at the cost of immobility and growing technical debt. We argue that the lack of objective usage data and tool support leaves maintainers with their own subjective perception of their community to make these decisions. We introduce BreakBot, a bot that analyses the pull requests of Java libraries on GitHub to identify the breaking changes they introduce and their impact on client projects. Through static analysis of libraries and clients, it extracts and summarizes objective data that enrich the code review process by providing maintainers with the appropriate information to decide whether-and how-changes should be accepted, directly in the pull requests.
description: 44th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering: New Ideas and Emerging Results, ICSE (NIER) 2022, May 2022, Pittsburgh, United States
The Effect of Transportation Dynamics on Cattle Welfare and Beef Quality
Creators: name: Warren, Laura
name: Mandell, Ira
name: Widowski, Tina
name: Bateman, Ken
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: In 2006, the Ontario Cattlemen's Association invited research proposals on cattle transportation as a result of the Canadian Food Inspection Agency's review of the current legislation for livestock transportation contained within the Health of Animals Act. We describe here a benchmark study to investigate slaughter cattle transportation conditions in Canada.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Some facts about discriminants
Creators: name: Kostov, Vladimir Petrov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the family of polynomials in one variable $P:=x^n+a_1x^{n-1}+\cdots +a_n$ we ask the questions at which points its discriminant set can be considered as the graph of a function of all coefficients $a_j$ but one and how its subset of points, where the discriminant set is not smooth, projects on the different coordinate hyperplanes in the space of the coefficients~$a$.
Evolution of the Ubiquitin-Activating Enzyme Uba1 (E1)
Creators: name: Allan, Douglas C.
name: Phillips, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Ubiquitin tags diseased proteins and initiates an enzyme conjugation cascade, which has three stages. The first-stage enzyme Uba1 (E1) has evolved only modestly from slime mold to humans, and is > 14 times larger than Ub. Here we use critical point thermodynamic scaling theory to connect Uba1 (E1) evolution from yeast and slime mold to fruit flies and humans to subtle changes in its amino acid sequences.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
title: Studying the relationship between spatial fish distributions and trawl catches
Creators: name: Trenkel, Verena M.
name: Godø, Olav Rune
name: Handegard, Nils Olav
name: Patel, Ruben
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.We propose an approach for studying the relationship between spatial fish distributions and the distribution of numbers in trawl catches. Individual spatial fish distributions are derived from acoustics data collected with a drifting buoy by tracking individual fish. The spatial distribution of these individual fish is then characterised using Generalised Additive Models (GAM). The catch distribution is obtained empirically. A model relating the spatial fish distribution and the catch distribution is then developped. This paper concentrates on the first part of the approach, the identification of the spatial fish distribution from acoustic data, which is illustrated for a demersal example from the Barents sea including mainly cod (Gadus morhua) and haddock (Melanogrammus aeglefinus).
Biological Risk Management Practices on US Dairy Operations and their Correlation to Production Parameters
Creators: name: Bickett-Weddle, D.
name: Moore, D.
name: Hurd, H. Scott
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Disease introduction is a very real threat to dairy operations. Prevention practices can help minimize the risks. Biological Risk Management (BRM) includes increasing awareness by evaluating livestock operations based on the risk of infectious disease entry and spread. BRM also provides practical management plans to decrease disease risk. Existing scientific data for biological risk management in dairy operations is limited. Correlating disease prevention practices with dairy production parameters is also lacking. Using a dairy assessment tool, the objective was to 1) identify current biological risk management practices on 80 US dairies of different size and location, and 2) identify specific prevention practices that are highly correlated with production parameters.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Analytic extensions of Starobinsky model of inflation
Creators: name: Ivanov, Vsevolod R.
name: Ketov, Sergei V.
name: Pozdeeva, Ekaterina O.
name: Vernov, Sergey Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study several extensions of the Starobinsky model of inflation, which obey all observational constraints on the inflationary parameters, by demanding that both the inflaton scalar potential in the Einstein frame and the $F(R)$ gravity function in the Jordan frame have the explicit dependence upon fields {\it and} parameters in terms of elementary functions. Our models are continuously connected to the original Starobinsky model via changing the parameters. We modify the Starobinsky $(R+R^2)$ model by adding an $R^3$-term, an $R^4$-term, and an $R^{3/2}$-term, respectively, and calculate the scalar potentials, the inflationary observables and the allowed limits on the deformation parameters by using the latest observational bounds. We find that the tensor-to-scalar ratio in the Starobinsky model modified by the $R^{3/2}$-term significantly increases with raising the parameter in front of that term. On the other side, we deform the scalar potential of the Starobinsky model in the Einstein frame in powers of $y=\exp\left(-\sqrt{\frac{2}{3}}ϕ/M_{Pl}\right)$, where $ϕ$ is the canonical inflaton (scalaron) field, calculate the corresponding $F(R)$ gravity functions in the two new cases, and find the restrictions on the deformation parameters in the lowest orders with respect to the variable $y$ that is physically small during slow-roll inflation.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures; minor additions, references added; the version to appear in JCAP
Critical mass, moment of inertia and universal relations of rapidly rotating neutron stars with exotic matter
Creators: name: Lenka, S. S.
name: Char, P.
name: Banik, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate moment of inertia of neutron star with different exotic constituents such as hyperons and (anti)kaon condensates and study its variation with mass and spin frequency. The sets of equation of state, generated within the framework of relativistic mean field model with density-dependent couplings are adopted for the purpose. We follow the quasi-stationary evolution of rotating stars along the constant rest mass sequences, that varies considerably with different constituents in the equation of state. We also explore the universal relations associated with some of the normalised properties, such as critical mass and moment of inertia for specific EoS or as a matter of fact constituents of the dense matter. Deviations in the universal relations for moment of inertia are observed at higher compactness. This study presents important results concerning the properties of neutron stars, that could be observationally verified in the near future using Square Kilometer Array telescope.
description: 16 figures
Assessing the Epidemiologic Impact of Vaccination for Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus
Creators: name: Rodning, S. P.
name: Givens, M. D.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Marley, M. S. D.
name: Nunley, C. L.
name: Walz, P. H.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Currently, to validate efficacy of BVDV vaccines, clinical trials commonly involve challenge of vaccinates with a single intranasal inoculation of a BVDV field strain. Licensed vaccines provide nearly complete protection (91 to 100%) of dams and developing fetuses after this artificial challenge. However, exposure to animals persistently infected (PI) with BVDV may better represent viral challenge under field conditions. The objective of this research is to assess the efficacy of vaccination for control of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV).
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) in the United States and Europe
Creators: name: Djuranovic, Nevena
name: Winslow, Frank
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: IDEXX Laboratories manufactures and sells test kits for detecting bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in beef and dairy cattle. IDEXX wanted to understand BVDV vaccination and testing practices among veterinarians in US and Europe, including a better understanding of similarities and differences between the two regions; use and cost of BVDV tests; BVDV impact on productivity; and satisfaction with current diagnostic methods.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Parity biases in partitions and restricted partitions
Creators: name: Banerjee, Koustav
name: Bhattacharjee, Sreerupa
name: Dastidar, Manosij Ghosh
name: Mahanta, Pankaj Jyoti
name: Saikia, Manjil P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17, 05A20, 11P83

description: Let $p_{o}(n)$ (resp. $p_{e}(n)$) denote the number of partitions of $n$ with more odd parts (resp. even parts) than even parts (resp. odd parts). Recently, Kim, Kim, and Lovejoy proved that $p_{o}(n)>p_{e}(n)$ for all $n>2$ and conjectured that $d_{o}(n)>d_{e}(n)$ for all $n>19$ where $d_{o}(n)$ (resp. $d_{e}(n)$) denote the number of partitions into distinct parts having more odd parts (resp. even parts) than even parts (resp. odd parts). In this paper we provide combinatorial proofs for both the result and the conjecture of Kim, Kim and Lovejoy. In addition, we show that if we restrict the smallest part of the partition to be $2$, then the parity bias is reversed. That is, if $q_{o}(n)$ (resp. $q_{e}(n)$) denote the number of partitions of $n$ with more odd parts (resp. even parts) than even parts (resp. odd parts) where the smallest part is at least $2$, then we have $q_o(n)7$. We also look at some more parity biases in partitions with restricted parts.
description: 19 pages, revised based on referee reports
title: The SIMFAMI database: a library of ground truthed acoustic survey data
Creators: name: Gajate, Joaquin
name: Ponce, Rafael
name: Peña, Marian
name: Iglesias, Magdalena
name: Fernandes, Paul G.
name: Alvarez., Federico
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Acoustic surveys are being used increasingly to estimate the abundance of fish resources. One of the major uncertainties associated with the estimates is the identification of echotraces to species. Significant progress has been made recently in developing algorithms which use echotrace and multifrequency backscattering characteristics to identify fish schools. These algorithms are developed and tested on echotraces which have been identified by trawling, a process akin to groundtruthing. This paper provides a description of an ORACLE online database which holds a digital echogram library of ground-truthed echograms for a number of pelagic species. The database is based on the SIRENO (Seguimiento Integrado de los REcursos Naturales Oceánicos) software, developed by the Instituto Español de Oceanografía. It was developed for an EC project (SIMFAMI) aiming to develop species identification algorithms. The database stores data from acoustic surveys as: echogram images at different frequencies; polygon coordinates identifying the area in the echogram from which the trawl sample was taken; catch data (position, depth , species composition, etc.); and environmental data. The raw acoustic data is not held in the database, but is accessed on request from the host institute by reference to the filename. All acoustic data files are saved in a standard format (HAC files) to enable the exchange of data across multiple software platforms. The database can be filtered to obtain subsets of data verifying certain requirements. The database serves as a model for similar such species identification studies and provides a centralised searchable store of ground-truthed echotraces of the major commercial pelagic species of northern European waters.
Comparing Cytopathic and Noncytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Vaccines
Creators: name: Chase, C. C. L.
name: Braun, L. J.
name: Holler, L.
name: Spire, M.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen of cattle causing severe respiratory and reproductive disease. Since BVDV infects through the oral-nasal route, increasing mucosal immunity should decrease BVDV infection and disease. This makes parenteral vaccines that can traffic antigens to mucosal lymphoid tissue more advantageous for generating mucosal immunity. This study was aimed at the distribution of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in tissues following vaccination with one of three commercial vaccines: two vaccines containing cytopathic (CP) BVDV viruses and one vaccine containing noncytopathic (NCP) BVDV virus.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Simultaneous Multiple Surface Segmentation Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Shah, Abhay
name: Abramoff, Michael
name: Wu, Xiaodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The task of automatically segmenting 3-D surfaces representing boundaries of objects is important for quantitative analysis of volumetric images, and plays a vital role in biomedical image analysis. Recently, graph-based methods with a global optimization property have been developed and optimized for various medical imaging applications. Despite their widespread use, these require human experts to design transformations, image features, surface smoothness priors, and re-design for a different tissue, organ or imaging modality. Here, we propose a Deep Learning based approach for segmentation of the surfaces in volumetric medical images, by learning the essential features and transformations from training data, without any human expert intervention. We employ a regional approach to learn the local surface profiles. The proposed approach was evaluated on simultaneous intraretinal layer segmentation of optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of normal retinas and retinas affected by age related macular degeneration (AMD). The proposed approach was validated on 40 retina OCT volumes including 20 normal and 20 AMD subjects. The experiments showed statistically significant improvement in accuracy for our approach compared to state-of-the-art graph based optimal surface segmentation with convex priors (G-OSC). A single Convolution Neural Network (CNN) was used to learn the surfaces for both normal and diseased images. The mean unsigned surface positioning errors obtained by G-OSC method 2.31 voxels (95% CI 2.02-2.60 voxels) was improved to $1.27$ voxels (95% CI 1.14-1.40 voxels) using our new approach. On average, our approach takes 94.34 s, requiring 95.35 MB memory, which is much faster than the 2837.46 s and 6.87 GB memory required by the G-OSC method on the same computer system.
description: 8 pages
X-ray phase-contrast radiography and tomography with a multi-aperture analyser
Creators: name: Endrizzi, M.
name: Vittoria, F. A.
name: Rigon, L.
name: Dreossi, D.
name: Olivo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-aperture analyser set-up for performing X-ray phase contrast imaging in planar and three-dimensional modalities. A multi-slice representation of the sample is used to establish a quantitative relation between projection images and the corresponding three-dimensional distributions, leading to successful tomographic reconstruction. Sample absorption, phase and scattering are retrieved from the measurement of five intensity projections. The method is experimentally tested on custom built phantoms with synchrotron radiation: sample absorption and phase can be reliably retrieved also in combination with strong scatterers, simultaneously offering high sensitivity and dynamic range.
Comparison of the Immune Response between a Pair of Noncytopathic and Cytopathic Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Type 1 Isolates
Creators: name: Chase, C. C. L.
name: Braun, L. J.
name: Ridpath, J.
name: Harland, R.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen of cattle causing severe respiratory and reproductive disease. BVDV vaccines remain an important part of the control strategy. Previous work has described higher antibody responses in animals infected with a noncytopathic (NCP) BVDV when compared to its cytopathic (CP) BVDV pair. Animals were re-infected 90 days later with either the same biotype or the other biotype. The animals infected with NCP initially were protected to a higher degree against re-infection with either biotype when compared to the animals infected with CP initially. In this study we wanted to see the effect of an initial infection (or vaccination) with a type 1 NCP or CP BVDV pair followed by infection with a virulent type 2 BVDV on clinical signs and immune responses.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Height-dependent velocity structure of photospheric convection in granules and intergranular lanes with Hinode/SOT
Creators: name: Oba, T.
name: Iida, Y.
name: Shimizu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar photosphere is the visible surface of the Sun, where many bright granules, surrounded by narrow dark intergranular lanes, are observed everywhere. The granular pattern is a manifestation of convective motion at the photospheric level, but its velocity structure in the height direction is poorly understood observationally. Applying bisector analysis to a photospheric spectral line recorded by the Hinode Solar Optical Telescope, we derived the velocity structure of the convective motion in granular regions and intergranular lanes separately. The amplitude of motion of the convective material decreases from 0.65 to 0.40 km/s as the material rises in granules, whereas the amplitude of motion increases from 0.30 to 0.50 km/s as it descends in intergranular lanes. These values are significantly larger than those obtained in previous studies using bisector analysis. The acceleration of descending materials with depth is not predicted from the convectively stable condition in a stratified atmosphere. Such convective instability can be developed more efficiently by radiative cooling and/or a gas pressure gradient, which can control the dynamical behavior of convective material in intergranular lanes. Our analysis demonstrated that bisector analysis is a useful method for investigating the long-term dynamic behavior of convective material when a large number of pixels is available. In addition, one example is the temporal evolution of granular fragmentation, in which downflowing material develops gradually from a higher layer downward.
description: 28 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Surface critical behavior of the three-dimensional O(3) model
Creators: name: Toldin, Francesco Parisen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results of high-precision Monte Carlo simulations of a three-dimensional lattice model in the O(3) universality class, in the presence of a surface. By a finite-size scaling analysis we have proven the existence of a special surface transition, computed the associated critical exponents, and shown the presence of an extraordinary phase with logarithmically decaying correlations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, primarly based on arXiv:2012.00039. Proceedings of CCP2021: XXXII IUPAP Conference on Computational Physics
Enforcing causality in nonrelativistic equations of state at finite temperature
Creators: name: Constantinou, Constantinos
name: Prakash, Madappa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a thermodynamically consistent method by which equations of state based on nonrelativistic potential models can be modified so that they respect causality at high densities, both at zero and finite temperature (entropy). We illustrate the application of the method using the high density phase parametrization of the well known APR model in its pure neutron matter configuration as an example. We also show that, for models with only contact interactions, the adiabatic speed of sound is independent of the temperature in the limit of very large temperature. This feature is approximately valid for models with finite-range interactions as well, insofar as the temperature dependence they introduce to the Landau effective mass is weak. In addition, our study reveals that in first principle nonrelativistic models of hot and dense matter, contributions from higher than two-body interactions must be screened at high density to preserve causality.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
The Induction of a T Helper 1 Immune Response with an Inactivated Viral Vaccine
Creators: name: Chase, C. C. L.
name: Young, A.
name: Zimmerman, A.
name: Gilkerson, K.
name: Barling, K.
name: Scholz, D.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a major pathogen of cattle causing severe respiratory and reproductive disease. BVDV vaccines remain an important part of the control strategy. Inactivated vaccines have been often characterized as evoking only a humoral antibody response with little opportunity for memory. It has been well established that a good cell mediated response and memory requires a T helper 1 (TH1) response. In this study we measure the T helper 1 response in cattle vaccinated with Virashield.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Physics Informed Neural Networks for Control Oriented Thermal Modeling of Buildings
Creators: name: Gokhale, Gargya
name: Claessens, Bert
name: Develder, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a data-driven modeling approach for developing control-oriented thermal models of buildings. These models are developed with the objective of reducing energy consumption costs while controlling the indoor temperature of the building within required comfort limits. To combine the interpretability of white/gray box physics models and the expressive power of neural networks, we propose a physics informed neural network approach for this modeling task. Along with measured data and building parameters, we encode the neural networks with the underlying physics that governs the thermal behavior of these buildings. Thus, realizing a model that is guided by physics, aids in modeling the temporal evolution of room temperature and power consumption as well as the hidden state, i.e., the temperature of building thermal mass for subsequent time steps. The main research contributions of this work are: (1) we propose two variants of physics informed neural network architectures for the task of control-oriented thermal modeling of buildings, (2) we show that training these architectures is data-efficient, requiring less training data compared to conventional, non-physics informed neural networks, and (3) we show that these architectures achieve more accurate predictions than conventional neural networks for longer prediction horizons. We test the prediction performance of the proposed architectures using simulated and real-word data to demonstrate (2) and (3) and show that the proposed physics informed neural network architectures can be used for this control-oriented modeling problem.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Effects of Defects on Thermoelectric Properties of Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Ohnishi, Masato
name: Shiga, Takuma
name: Shiomi, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have recently attracted attention as materials for flexible thermoelectric devices. To provide theoretical guideline of how defects influence the thermoelectric performance of CNTs, we theoretically studied the effects of defects (vacancies and Stone-Wales defects) on its thermoelectric properties; thermal conductance, electrical conductance, and Seebeck coefficient. The results revealed that the defects mostly strongly suppresses the electron conductance, and deteriorates the thermoelectric performance of a CNT. By plugging in the results and the intertube-junction properties into the network model, we further show that the defects with realistic concentrations can significantly degrade the thermoelectric performance of CNT-based networks. Our findings indicate the importance of the purification of CNTs for improving CNT-based thermoelectrics.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
An Evaluation of Tulathromycin Treatment at Post-weaning Movement on Incidence of Respiratory Disease and Growth in Commercial Dairy Calves
Creators: name: Stanton, A. L.
name: LeBlanc, S. J.
name: Dingwell, R. T.
name: Kelton, D. F.
name: Millman, S. T.
name: Leslie, K. E.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is common following weaning and movement of calves from individual to group housing. If this disease occurs in the young calf, it has long term implications for the individual welfare of the calf by increasing its mortality risk and economic impacts for the farmer by increasing the time to first calving (Waltner-toews et al, 1986). Given the long-term consequences of this disease, an effective and easy to manage method of prevention is important for dairy calf management. Our objective is to evaluate the effects of tulathromycin administered at the time of post-weaning grouping on incidence of respiratory disease and growth in dairy calves.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
Effects of Feeding Mycoplasma bovis to Neonatal Bull Calves
Creators: name: Stebbins, J. C.
name: Schneider, C. S.
Publisher: name: American Association of Bovine Practitioners  Proceedings of the Annual Conference
Year: 2008

description: Mycoplasma bovis has been identified as the etiologic agent in a variety of bovine diseases. Transmission of M. bovis may occur by direct contact, environmental exposure, vertical transmission at parturition, and often involves fomites. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding viable M. bovis as manifest through body site colonization, clinical disease and animal health. The hypothesis of this study was feeding M. bovis in milk replacer would result in body site colonization and decreased animal health.
description: American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2008
The Topological Weighted Centroid (TWC): A topological approach to the time-space structure of epidemic and pseudo-epidemic processes
Creators: name: Buscema, Massimo
name: Massini, Giulia
name: Sacco, Pier Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper offers the first systematic presentation of the topological approach to the analysis of epidemic and pseudo-epidemic spatial processes. We introduce the basic concepts and proofs, at test the approach on a diverse collection of case studies of historically documented epidemic and pseudo-epidemic processes. The approach is found to consistently provide reliable estimates of the structural features of epidemic processes, and to provide useful analytical insights and interpretations of fragmentary pseudo-epidemic processes. Although this analysis has to be regarded as preliminary, we find that the approach's basic tenets are strongly corroborated by this first test and warrant future research in this vein.
description: Submitted to Expert Systems with Applications
Harvesting entanglement from complex scalar and fermionic fields with linearly coupled particle detectors
Creators: name: Perche, T. Rick
name: Lima, Caroline
name: Martín-Martínez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore entanglement harvesting with particle detectors that couple linearly to non-Hermitian fields. Specifically, we analyze the case of particle detectors coupled to a complex scalar quantum field and to a spin 1/2 fermionic field. We find that the complex scalar model can be a good approximation for the fermionic model in the protocol of entanglement harvesting when the mass of the field is sufficiently large compared to the inverse interaction time. Moreover, we show that by taking advantage of the U(1) degree of freedom of a complex detector it is possible to increase the harvested negativity by up to two orders of magnitude when compared to the case of a real detector.
description: 24 pages, 18 Figures, 3 Appendices. RevTeX 4.1. V4: Updated to match published version
title: Testing various geostatistical models to combine bottom trawl catches and acoustic data
Creators: name: Bouleau, Mireille
name: Bez, Nicolas
name: Reid, Dave G.
name: Godo, Olav.R.
name: Gerritsen., Hans
Publisher: name: ASC 2004 - R - Theme session
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The aim of the CATEFA project is to combine information on demersal fish stock abundance from acoustic and bottom trawl surveys. While acoustic data are collected continuously while the research ship is underway, it is likely that combining two sources of information on the same variable should improve abundance estimation. A variety of geostatistical models are compared, contrasted and the output described. In this study, twenty scientific surveys from three areas (the North Sea, the Irish Sea and the Barents Sea) are analysed. These 3 zones have diverse species assemblages and hydrographic environments. Nevertheless we manage to find models relevant to most of these different situations. Unfortunately, however, we show that this enhancement can increase the variance of the estimation because of the inherently high variability of acoustic recordings. The purpose of this paper is to compare the results of three geostatistical models (i.e. co-kriging, model with orthogonal residuals, kriging with external drift) in terms of precision, details of maps, variance local and global of the estimation’s errors and cross validation. The role of the acoustic in each model and the precision it brings, is then discussed.