cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Why good governance of land and tenure security need to be part of the Sustainable Development Goal framework
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Land use--Planning
subject: Land use--Government policy
subject: Land tenure
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sustainability

description: The CCSI and the UN Sustainable Development Solutions Network’s Thematic Group on Good Governance of Extractive and Land Resources published a short briefing note on including land governance in the Sustainable Development Goal framework. The note argues that incorporating good governance of land and tenure security would help meet a number of proposed sustainable development goals for the post-2015 development agenda, including reducing poverty, strengthening food security, empowering women, and alleviating commercial pressures on land. The note recommends the inclusion of an access-to-land indicator to help measure governments’ efforts.
Progressive Prosecutors and the Politics Surrounding Harm Reduction: A Look into Cook County, Illinois
Creators: name: Guigon, Vanessa
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: Previous studies have shown that there are structural limitations present that prevent prosecutors from impacting the carceral system and lowering sentencing rates. It is known that mass incarceration is present in both the United States and also in Illinois. However, little is known about the politics surrounding progressive prosecutors in Cook County in their quest for harm reduction, along with the impact that geography has on those politics. This research looks to examine the potential benefits that progressive prosecutors can provide, along with recognizing their limitations. This study analyzes a sentencing dataset provided by Cook County to determine how the presence of progressive prosecutors, under the leadership of Kim Foxx, has impacted sentencing rates. In addition, prosecutors, public defenders, and academics in Cook County were interviewed to understand the political factors surrounding progressive prosecutors. These interviews revealed the context behind the changes in sentencing rates in Cook County, along with discussing how the geography of Cook County impacts the politics of progressive prosecutors and their relationship with other legal actors. The limitations found in the survivability of progressive prosecutors’ reforms were utilized to create the recommendations provided at the end of this paper. The recommendations include recognizing that progressive prosecutors are merely one actor within the legal system, so addressing reforms in other areas, such as changing laws, should also be prioritized. This paper also recommends that the state’s attorney provides clear communication to the public and other prosecutors regarding reforms and their goals. This paper ends inquiring for further research into other societal changes, such as abolition or social programs, that should occur alongside or in place of progressive prosecutors’ reforms.
Multicolor and directed edit distance
Creators: name: Axenovich, Maria
name: Martin, Ryan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 05C35, Secondary 05C80

description: The editing of a combinatorial object is the alteration of some of its elements such that the resulting object satisfies a certain fixed property. The edit problem for graphs, when the edges are added or deleted, was first studied independently by the authors and Kézdy [J. Graph Theory (2008), 58(2), 123--138] and by Alon and Stav [Random Structures Algorithms (2008), 33(1), 87--104]. In this paper, a generalization of graph editing is considered for multicolorings of the complete graph as well as for directed graphs. Specifically, the number of edge-recolorings sufficient to be performed on any edge-colored complete graph to satisfy a given hereditary property is investigated. The theory for computing the edit distance is extended using random structures and so-called types or colored homomorphisms of graphs.
description: 25 pages
Transparency in Land-Based Investment: Key Questions and Next Steps
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Land use--Planning
subject: Land use--Government policy
subject: Investments
subject: Sustainable development
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Sustainability
subject: Agriculture
subject: Forests and forestry

description: Large-scale investments in agriculture and forestry are often shrouded in secrecy. In many cases, they are negotiated without the involvement of affected communities, approved through opaque decision-making procedures, and governed by legal agreements that are difficult both to access and to understand. This systemic lack of transparency impedes accountability and exacerbates ongoing disagreements about the real costs and benefits for investors, host countries, and their citizens.

Jointly authored by CCSI and the Open Contracting Partnership, this briefing note examines why contract disclosure and a contracting process that is open, accessible, and inclusive are important; what such transparency entails; and how various stakeholders can work towards achieving it. The briefing note can be read alongside Recommending Transparency in Land-Based Investment: A Summary of Relevant Guidelines and Principles.
Response of the Strongly-Driven Jaynes-Cummings Oscillator
Creators: name: Bishop, Lev S.
name: Ginossar, Eran
name: Girvin, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Jaynes-Cummings model of quantum optics, in the strong-dispersive regime. In the bad cavity limit and on timescales short compared to the atomic coherence time, the dynamics are those of a nonlinear oscillator. A steady-state non-perturbative semiclassical analysis exhibits a finite region of bistability delimited by a pair of critical points, unlike the usual dispersive bistability from a Kerr nonlinearity. This analysis explains our quantum trajectory simulations that show qualitative agreement with recent experiments from the field of circuit quantum electrodynamics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Reorientation transition of the magnetic proximity polarization in Fe/(Ga,Mn)As bilayers
Creators: name: Sperl, Matthias
name: Torelli, P.
name: Eigenmann, F.
name: Soda, Marcello
name: Polesya, S.
name: Utz, Martin
name: Bougeard, Dominique
name: Ebert, H.
name: Panaccione, G.
name: Back, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Recently, it has been observed that thin ferromagnetic Fe films deposited on top of (Ga,Mn)As layers induce a significant proximity polarization in the (Ga,Mn)As film even at room temperature. Furthermore, it was found that a thin interfacial region of the (Ga,Mn)As film is coupled antiferromagnetically to the Fe layer. Here we report a series of combined x-ray magnetic dichroism and superconducting quantum interference device magnetometer measurements for Fe/(Ga,Mn)As bilayers where the (Ga,Mn)As layer thickness is varied between 5 and 50 nm. We find a reorientation transition of the magnetic proximity polarization as a function of the (Ga,Mn)As thickness. The data are compared to results obtained performing ab initio calculations. A varying concentration of Mn interstitials as a function of (Ga,Mn)As layer thickness is responsible for this reorientation. Furthermore, exchange bias is studied in the fully epitaxial bilayer system. We find a rather strong ferromagnetic exchange bias. The strength of the exchange bias can be estimated by using a simple partial domain wall model.
Thermally activated conductivity in gapped bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Trushin, Maxim
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: This is a theoretical study of electron transport in gated bilayer graphene --- a novel semiconducting material with a tunable band gap. It is shown that the quantum mechanical superposition between conduction and valence band states enhances the subgap conductivity and facilitates the thermally activated transport. The mechanism proposed can also lead to the non-monotonic conductivity {\em vs.} temperature dependence at a band gap size of the order of $10\,\mathrm{meV}$. The effect can be observed in gapped bilayer graphene sandwiched in boron nitride where the electron-hole puddles and flexural phonons are strongly suppressed.
description: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
A note on odd perfect numbers
Creators: name: Dris, Jose Arnaldo B.
name: Luca, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A05 (Primary), 11J25, 11J99 (Secondary)

description: In this note, we show that if $N$ is an odd perfect number and $q^α$ is some prime power exactly dividing it, then $σ(N/q^α)/q^α>5$. In general, we also show that if $σ(N/q^α)/q^α
description: 5 pages, to appear in The Fibonacci Quarterly
Persistent collective trend in stock markets
Creators: name: Balogh, Emeric
name: Simonsen, Ingve
name: Nagy, Balint Zs.
name: Neda, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empirical evidence is given for a significant difference in the collective trend of the share prices during the stock index rising and falling periods. Data on the Dow Jones Industrial Average and its stock components are studied between 1991 and 2008. Pearson-type correlations are computed between the stocks and averaged over stock-pairs and time. The results indicate a general trend: whenever the stock index is falling the stock prices are changing in a more correlated manner than in case the stock index is ascending. A thorough statistical analysis of the data shows that the observed difference is significant, suggesting a constant-fear factor among stockholders.
description: LaTeX 9 pages, 7 figures
The discovery of a conjugate system of faults in the Wharton Basin intraplate deformation zone
Creators: name: Singh, Satish C.
name: Hananto, Nugroho
name: Qin, Yanfang
name: Leclerc, Frederique
name: Avianto, Praditya
name: Tapponnier, Paul E.
name: Carton, Helene D.
name: We, Shengji
name: Nugroho, Adam B.
name: Gemilang, Wishnu A.
name: Sieh, Kerry
name: Barbot, Sylvain
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earthquakes
subject: Faults (Geology)
subject: Plate tectonics
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: The deformation at well-defined, narrow plate boundaries depends on the relative plate motion, but how the deformation takes place within a distributed plate boundary zone remains a conundrum. This was confirmed by the seismological analyses of the 2012 great Wharton Basin earthquakes [moment magnitude (Mw) 8.6], which suggested the rupture of several faults at high angles to one another. Using high-resolution bathymetry and seismic reflection data, we report the discovery of new N294°E-striking shear zones, oblique to the plate fabric. These shear zones are expressed by sets of normal faults striking at N335°E, defining the direction of the principal compressional stress in the region. Also, we have imaged left-lateral strike-slip faults along reactivated N7°E-oriented oceanic fracture zones. The shear zones and the reactivated fracture zones form a conjugate system of faults, which accommodate present-day intraplate deformation in the Wharton Basin.
Drawing Trees with Perfect Angular Resolution and Polynomial Area
Creators: name: Duncan, Christian A.
name: Eppstein, David
name: Goodrich, Michael T.
name: Kobourov, Stephen G.
name: Nöllenburg, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2; F.2.2
subject: 05C10, 68R10

description: We study methods for drawing trees with perfect angular resolution, i.e., with angles at each node v equal to 2π/d(v). We show: 1. Any unordered tree has a crossing-free straight-line drawing with perfect angular resolution and polynomial area. 2. There are ordered trees that require exponential area for any crossing-free straight-line drawing having perfect angular resolution. 3. Any ordered tree has a crossing-free Lombardi-style drawing (where each edge is represented by a circular arc) with perfect angular resolution and polynomial area. Thus, our results explore what is achievable with straight-line drawings and what more is achievable with Lombardi-style drawings, with respect to drawings of trees with perfect angular resolution.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures
Binary trees, coproducts and integrable systems
Creators: name: Erbe, Björn
name: Schmidt, H. J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We provide a unified framework for the treatment of special integrable systems which we propose to call 'generalized mean-field systems'. Thereby previous results on integrable classical and quantum systems are generalized. Following Ballesteros and Ragnisco, the framework consists of a unital algebra with brackets, a Casimir element and a coproduct which can be lifted to higher tensor products. The coupling scheme of the iterated tensor product is encoded in a binary tree. The theory is exemplified by the case of a spin octahedron. The relation to other generalizations of the coalgebra approach is discussed.
Object Knowledge and the Emergence of Language
Creators: name: Lifter, Karin
name: Bloom, Lois
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Children--Language
Play
Language acquisition

description: Infants' spontaneous play with objects was examined for evidence of developments in object knowledge in relation to the emergence of words and the single-word period in language development. Subjects were 7 girls and 7 boys, from different ethnic and economic backgrounds, who were studied longitudinally from 9 months to 26 months of age. Two types of displacements of objects in relation to one another were identified in the children's play: separations and constructions. The development of constructions was associated with the emergence of words, and constructions increased with age while separations decreased. The development of specific constructions, which account for knowledge of the particular properties of objects, was more strongly associated with a vocabulary spurt at the end of the single-word period than with chronological age. Despite the wide variation in the infants' ages when developments in language and play were reached, relations between achievements in the two domains were consistent among them, as confirmed with the Friedman test, p
Workshop: The role and best practices of data stewardship
Creators: name: Bellanger, Silke
name: Besmer, Christina
name: Lindenmann, Iris
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Research data management
subject: Data stewardship
subject: Data stewards
subject: gnd:1098579690

description: The workshop took place on 12 November 2021 as part of the data stewardship programme of the University of Basel and provided an introduction to data stewardship and the organisational forms, roles, tasks and challenges of data stewards in different academic disciplines. It included an input presentation, lectures by four international speakers working as data stewards in medicine, engineering, social sciences and humanities, as well as plenary and group discussions. Lectures: Gkoumassi, Efi: UMCG Digital Competence Center. Organising the support: central/embedded DS and support action plan Hausen, Daniela and Jessica Rosenberg: Data stewardship at RWTH Aachen University with the best practice example "Fuel Science Center" Leuveld, Koen: Data Management in the Social Sciences Van de Velde, Thomas: DATA STEWARDS @GHENT UNIVERSITY
Floquet spin states in graphene under ac driven spin-orbit interaction
Creators: name: López, Alexander
name: Sun, Z. Z.
name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the role of periodically driven time-dependent Rashba spin-orbit coupling (RSOC) on a monolayer graphene sample. After recasting the originally $4\times 4$ system of dynamical equations as two time-reversal related two-level problems, the quasi-energy spectrum and the related dynamics are investigated via various techniques and approximations. In the static case the system is a gapped at the Dirac point. The rotating wave approximation (RWA) applied to the driven system unphysically preserves this feature, while the Magnus-Floquet approach as well as a numerically exact evaluation of the Floquet equation show that this gap is dynamically closed. In addition, a sizable oscillating pattern of the out-of-plane spin polarization is found in the driven case for states which completely unpolarized in the static limit. Evaluation of the autocorrelation function shows that the original uniform interference pattern corresponding to time-independent RSOC gets distorted. The resulting structure can be qualitatively explained as a consequence of the transitions induced by the ac driving among the static eigenstates, i.e., these transitions modulate the relative phases that add up to give the quantum revivals of the autocorrelation function. Contrary to the static case, in the driven scenario, quantum revivals (suppresions) are correlated to spin up (down) phases.
Evaluations and Broader Impacts:  Moving beyond Youtube hits
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biology

description: I’m 48 hours away from leaving for six weeks in the field, my office looks like a combination of a the shipping dock and a outdoor supply store. Seriously duffle bags, so much duffle bags. But it’s good. I’m taking the lab out for a month of fieldwork.  We are excited to continue our work in Nagigi and work with the community to understand how to best make marine reserves.  However this year year I am making time to focus on doing outreach in-country, so the first three weeks we are spending in Fiji will be spent in Suva making connections and doing things which, in the NSF parlance, would be broader impacts.
The centerpiece of these activities is a weeklong course that we are teaching at the University of the South Pacific sponsored by the US Embassy. This course, which we are calling Fiji W.I.S.E. (workshop on international science education), will be a really great opportunity share cutting edge conservation science with students and conservation practitioners from the region. As of now we have 12 registered students from Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu, who have expertise from aquaculture to marine reserve design. The course will consist of morning lectures and afternoon field trips to local reefs and mangroves.
Why you should consider doing a Master’s first
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biology
Education

description: A major part of my job at Columbia is directing the MA in Conservation Biology program, and I have spent the better part of this past week going through applications. One of the biggest challenges I am facing is getting the students I want in my lab to come here. Columbia is expensive and I am often competing for students who are probably going to get into Ph.D. programs. Discussing this with my peers over Twitter has brought me to a debate over the relative value of getting a Master’s degree first versus going directly into a Ph.D. program. I’m hoping one of you takes up the Ph.D. option and we can have an honest discussion. As for me, I’m going to present the case for getting a MA/MS first.
Back from Fiji – quick notes
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biology

description: Well after back to back red eye flights we have finally made it back from our trip to Fiji.  I think we are all still trying to decompress and figure out what worked well and what didn’t in the field, but overall my impressions were that it was fairly successful. We had some very difficult weather conditions, including a current that was 2/3m per second (so in other words you’d have to swim one length of an Olympic size pool in 33 seconds just to stay still).  That being said we collected about 200 individuals of 110+ species from Naigigi.  Additionally I think the students got a great introduction into what field work was like, including the surprisingly long amount of time it takes to obtain the proper permits to do the work.  (Along those lines I again want to thank the folks at WCS Fiji for all of their support.)
Stressful and positive experiences of women who served in Vietnam
Creators: name: Kaiser, Anica Pless
name: Wang, Joyce
name: Davison, Eve H.
name: Park, Crystal L.
name: Stellman, Jeanne M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Women veterans
Veterans--Health and hygiene
Stress (Psychology)
Vietnam War, 1961-1975

description: Experiences of women who served during the Vietnam War have been described in interviews/anecdotal reports but rarely in empirical literature. Potential positive (versus negative) aspects of service or its impact on well-being are seldom considered. We describe stressful and positive experiences reported by approximately 1,300 female military personnel, Red Cross workers, and others deployed to Vietnam. Prominent stressful (e.g., negative living/working conditions) and positive (e.g., interpersonal relationships) themes and differences based on trauma history, Vietnam experiences, and group membership are explored. We evaluate associations between themes and psychological well-being. Findings provide insight into experiences of this understudied group of women.
A shark from the past
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: One of the topics I find incredibly exciting is the idea of historical ecology.  Briefly, historical ecology is essentially the study of what ecosystems looked like and how they functioned at any time in the past.  This can take place at any temporal scale, from paleoecology to (in theory) last week. However the area that I look at is the time prior to full-scale commercial exploitation of coral reefs. These data are hard to come by because in the Pacific exploitation often predated full-scale scientific exploration.  This often means we have to be creative in how we generate inferences into past ecosystems.  One of the sources of data that I love to use are museum collections, and I my colleagues and I have been using these collections to reconstruct apex predatory communities in the Gilbert Islands in the country of Kiribati.
Interplay of spin and orbital magnetogyrotropic photogalvanic effects in InSb/(Al,In)Sb quantum well structures
Creators: name: Stachel, Sebastian
name: Olbrich, Peter
name: Zoth, Christina
name: Hagner, Ursula
name: Stangl, Thomas
name: Karl, Cynthia
name: Lutz, Peter
name: Belkov, Vassilij
name: Clowes, S. K.
name: Ashley, T.
name: Gilbertson, A. M.
name: Ganichev, Sergey
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.40.+w, 73.21.Fg, 72.25.Fe, 72.25.Rb

description: We report on the observation of linear and circular magnetogyrotropic photogalvanic effects in InSb/(Al,In)Sb quantum well structures. We show that intraband (Drude-type) absorption of terahertz radiation in the heterostructures causes a dc electric current in the presence of an in-plane magnetic field. The photocurrent behavior upon variation of the magnetic field strength, temperature, and wavelength is studied. We show that at moderate magnetic fields, the photocurrent exhibits a typical linear field dependence. At high magnetic fields, however, it becomes nonlinear and inverses its sign. The experimental results are analyzed in terms of the microscopic models based on asymmetric relaxation of carriers in the momentum space. We demonstrate that the observed nonlinearity of the photocurrent is caused by the large Zeeman spin splitting in InSb/(Al,In)Sb structures and an interplay of the spin-related and spin-independent roots of the magnetogyrotropic photogalvanic effect.
Defending Collections
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biology
Museums

description: I come from a museum background, and therefore recognize the inherent bias in this post. However I also feel that coming from that background, but now working outside of a museum, has provided me a unique perspective into the value of collections. I hadn’t planned on blogging today, but the recent cuts at The Field Museum in Chicago, my former home institution, strike me as rather personal. While a postdoc there I published an article on the value of natural history collections, which you can see here. Today I’d like to expand those themes a little.
Spin and orbital mechanisms of the magnetogyrotropic photogalvanic effects in GaAs/AlxGa1-xAs quantum well structures
Creators: name: Lechner, Vera
name: Golub, Leonid
name: Lomakina, F.
name: Belkov, Vassilij
name: Olbrich, Peter
name: Stachel, Sebastian
name: Caspers, Ines
name: Griesbeck, Michael
name: Kugler, Michael
name: Hirmer, Michael
name: Korn, Tobias
name: Schueller, Christian
name: Schuh, Dieter
name: Wegscheider, Werner
name: Ganichev, Sergey
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 73.21.Fg, 72.25.Fe, 78.67.De, 73.63.Hs

description: We report on the study of the linear and circular magnetogyrotropic photogalvanic effect (MPGE) in GaAs/AlGaAs quantum well structures. Using the fact that in such structures the Landé factor g* depends on the quantum well (QW) width and has different signs for narrow and wide QWs, we succeeded to separate spin and orbital contributions to both MPGEs. Our experiments show that, for most QW widths, the MPGEs are mainly driven by spin-related mechanisms, which results in a photocurrent proportional to the g* factor. In structures with a vanishingly small g* factor, however, linear and circular MPGE are also detected, proving the existence of orbital mechanisms.
Rainer Markgraf Stiftung
Creators: name: Stiftung, Rainer Markgraf
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Ein besonderer Dank gebührt an dieser Stelle der Rainer Markgraf Stiftung, welche durch ihre Unterstützung die Veröffentlichung der Zeitschrift als Druckausgabe ermöglicht. Hier erfahren Sie mehr über die Stiftung und ihre Projekte.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 5 (2023): 5. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Recht im Wandel)
Soil amendments from urban residuals and their effect on crop productivity and nutrient cycling
Creators: name: Bazza, Zineb
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Urban residuals have been used in agriculture to decrease disposal costs, recycle nutrients, and prevent or counteract the degradation of soils linked to the intensification of agriculture. Technological advancements continue to produce novel residuals that can be used as soil amendments, with the potential to reduce or eliminate waste. This thesis entails two studies that examine the potential to utilize new urban residuals for food production. The objectives of the first study were to look at the potential benefits and impacts, on crop productivity and nutrient cycling, of using monopotassium phosphate (MKP) fertilizers, made using the co-products of biodiesel production. The treatments in this study include MKP-M, a purified form of MKP, MKP-C, a crude MKP from biodiesel production with glycerin and MKP-C2, similar to MKP-C but with double the glycerin. There were no differences in yields in the field trial. The greenhouse trial showed higher pepper yields using MKP-C and foliar MKP-M, and higher number of fruits with foliar MKP-M and a retail MKP. Soil analyses suggest that glycerin in certain amounts can inhibit nitrification and improve nitrogen (N) uptake. In the second study, a compost like material (HTI Compost) made in 24 hours was tested to better understand the effects unstable and immature compost could have on yield, nutrient cycling and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The treatments were the HTI compost, UBC farm compost (typical municipal compost), a mix of the two composts, HTI compost + bloodmeal, and no amendment. The results show the HTI treatments had similar yields to the UBC farm compost for beets, but lower yields in spinach due to reduced or delayed germination. The HTI treatments delayed soil N availability and resulted in higher GHG emissions. Emissions of carbon dioxide and methane from the HTI treatments were high in the beginning of the season when the compost was decomposing, while nitrous oxide emissions were highest later on as decomposition rates declined. These results show promising benefits for using urban residuals as soil amendments, but the management of these amendments is crucial to avoid any negative impacts on crop productivity or the environment.
Ökonomische Analyse von anwaltlichen Erfolgshonoraren
Creators: name: Manegold, Henrik
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Die folgende Arbeit versucht, die ökonomischen Kosten und Nutzen von Erfolgshonoraren zu ermitteln und beschäftigt sich mit der Frage, welchen Effekt anwaltliche Erfolgshonorare auf das Verhalten von Mandanten und ihre Anwälten haben.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 5 (2023): 5. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Recht im Wandel)
§ 40 Ia LFGB: Vier Jahre nach der Entscheidung des BVerfG und nach vielen weiteren gesetzgeberischen, fachgerichtlichen und vollzugspraktischen Nachschärfungen: Sind nun alle Probleme gelöst?
Creators: name: Hille, Adrian
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Der Beitrag befasst sich mit der Vorschrift des § 40 Abs. 1a LFGB, die Behörden zur antragsunabhängigen Öffentlichkeitsinformation über von Lebensmittelunternehmen begangene Rechtsverstöße ermächtigt. Vor dem Hintergrund der anspruchsvollen verfassungskonformen Handhabung der Norm ist ihre Auslegung in Einzelfragen heftig umstritten – anders ihre Verfassungskonformität überhaupt, die das BVerfG mit seinem Beschluss 1 BvF 1/13 vom 21.3.2018 bestätigt hat. Es wird der Frage nachgegangen, ob nach zahlreichen gesetzgeberischen, fachgerichtlichen und vollzugspraktischen Nachschärfungen nunmehr alle Probleme gelöst sind.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 5 (2023): 5. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Recht im Wandel)
Recurrence relation for the 6j-symbol of su_q(2) as a symmetric eigenvalue problem
Creators: name: Khavkine, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R50, 20G42

description: A well known recurrence relation for the 6j-symbol of the quantum group su_q(2) is realized as a tridiagonal, symmetric eigenvalue problem. This formulation can be used to implement an efficient numerical evaluation algorithm, taking advantage of existing specialized numerical packages. For convenience, all formulas relevant for such an implementation are collected in the appendix. This realization is a byproduct of an alternative proof of the recurrence relation, which generalizes a classical (q=1) result of Schulten and Gordon and uses the diagrammatic spin network formalism of Temperley-Lieb recoupling theory to simplify intermediate calculations.
description: v3: 13 pages, ws-ijgmmp; minor corrections, slight update to presentation; close to published version
Behördliche Maßnahmen bei Verstößen und Verdachtsfällen gemäß Art. 137, 138 KontrollVO sowie § 39 LFGB n.F.
Creators: name: Pullner, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Art. 137, 138 KontrollVO und § 39 LFGB n.F. sind die zentralen Rechtsgrundlagen der Lebensmittelüberwachung zur Durchsetzung der Vorschriften des Lebensmittelrechts. Das Verhältnis der Normen war bereits in der Vergangenheit äußert umstritten. Fragen hierzu stellen sich durch die Neufassung des § 39 LFGB im August 2021 nun erneut. Der Beitrag geht zunächst der Frage nach, inwieweit Art. 137, 138 KontrollVO überhaupt – insbesondere wegen deren Rechtsnatur als Vorschriften des europäischen Rechts – Befugnisnormen darstellen können. Sodann wird das Verhältnis zum nationalen § 39 LFGB untersucht. Ausgangspunkt sind dabei allgemeine Überlegungen zum Zusammenspiel von europäischen und nationalen Befugnisnormen. Für das Zusammenwirken von Art. 137, 138 KontrollVO und § 39 LFGB wird schließlich eine Differenzierung nach Fallgruppen von Verstößen vorgenommen, die mithilfe von Beispielsfällen erläutert werden. Im Anschluss wird auf die praktischen Auswirkungen des Normkonflikts eingegangen. Abschließend erfolgt ein Überblick über die nach Ansicht des Verfasser jeweils einschlägige Befugnisnorm und eine kurze Bewertung zur Neufassung des § 39 LFGB.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 5 (2023): 5. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Recht im Wandel)
Seriality and invitation : knowing and struggle in Vancouver Chinatown's Historic Area Height Review
Creators: name: Murray, Kate M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: In this project, I explore the 2011 Historic Area Height Review (HAHR) public hearings in light of questions of knowing-in-struggle. At issue in the hearings, were proposals to increase building heights in Vancouver’s Chinatown neighbourhood. As a participant, I perceived that this site of public debate also reflected broader tensions that recur within discursive dynamics of social struggle, especially in relation to meanings of development. Here, I develop an activist approach to thinking through such encounters. Participants on all sides of the HAHR debate conveyed Chinatown as a neighbourhood in crisis. However, when it came to interpreting neighbourhood changes and questions of how to save Chinatown, speakers expressed divergent understandings and even contradicting realities. My inquiry treats these disjunctures as entry points for a series of analytical movements towards the material, social, existential and historical dynamics through which these clashing public knowledges have emerged and are sustained. To do so, I especially draw on the Marxist-existentialist work of Jean-Paul Sartre, Paula Allman’s elaboration of Freire’s dialogical pedagogy, Dorothy Smith’s institutional ethnography and David Harvey’s work. Through this exploration, I find that divergent reports of neighbourhood change make sense when explored as accounts of complex, speculative capitalist urban development. My analysis further underscores disjunctures wherein institutional texts and policies ostensibly represent but largely misrepresent and overwrite residents’ lived experiences of (un)affordability. I trace an existential dimension of hearing debate which evokes the reversal of subject and object and relations of hostile dehumanization apparent in Sartre’s theorization of seriality. My historicized reading of discourses of Chinatown as distinct, as Chinese and as neglected potential highlights their historical instrumentality within a recurring conceptual-material dialectic of colonization-marginalization and resistance. I reconsider HAHR process to explore how, given mounting development pressure and a narrow planning focus on “height,” the social welfare concerns—and the involvement—of low-income residents were gradually rendered external to the HAHR decision. My analysis thus suggests how relations of colonization-marginalization and resistance are ongoing in the context of the HAHR, and makes a contribution towards elucidating the terrain upon which local practices of justice-oriented pedagogy, organizing and “invitation” must be pursued.
The Double Bind Paradox: Why Women Cannot Have It All
Creators: name: Hammond, Tamara
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Women's studies
Social structure

description: The paradox of dual demands started with the first victory won in favor of women’s rights, and continued to this day. In fact, the controversy escalates with every new right, because the more a woman is dedicated to her career, the more she is condemned for abandoning her role as a caretaker; inversely, the more dedicated she is to her traditional role, the more condemned she is for not taking advantage of her rights, and living backwards.
Smooth rational surfaces of $d=11$ and $π=8$ in $\mathbb{P}^5$
Creators: name: Mohammad, Abdul Moeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a linearly normal smooth rational surface S of degree 11 and sectional genus 8 in the projective fivespace. Surfaces satisfying these numerical invariants are special, in the sense that $h^1(\mathscr{O}_S(1))>0$. Our construction is done via linear systems and we describe the configuration of points blown up in the projective plane. We also present a short list, generated by the adjunction mapping, of linear systems whom are the only possibilities for other families of surfaces with the prescribed numerical invariants.
description: 20 pages. Final version. To appear in Math. Scand
Practice Practice Practice #CUinFiji14
Creators: name: Drew, Joshua Adam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biology
subject: Zoology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We have been in Fiji for four days and are making admirable progress towards nailing down all those little tasks which invariably pop up when planning a two month expedition. Thankfully Suva, the capital of Fiji, is small enough that we can travel around to almost everywhere we need with relative ease.

That being said, I think we were all anxious to start collecting some data. Next week we are running a short course on marine conservation, and the week after that is the Society for Conservation Biology’s Oceania regional meeting. Both fun things, but it means we’re not getting into the water until mid-July. We are using this Suva time well though. Today one of the grad students, Molly McCargar decided we should practice taking pH’s from gut contents, which will be the main aspect of her field work this summer.
Bedeutung des sog. Drei-Stufen-Tests (EuGH, 18.07.2006 - C-519/04 P, Slg. 2006, I-6991, Rn. 42 – Meca-Medina und Majcen) für die Anwendung des Kartellrechts auf das Handeln von Sportverbänden
Creators: name: Düerkop, Magnus
Publisher: name: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Thema dieses Aufsatzes ist es, die besondere Bedeutung des sog. Drei-Stufen-Tests oder auch des Meca-Medina-Tests für die Anwendung des Kartellrechts auf das Handeln von Sportverbänden herauszuarbeiten. Der Fokus liegt hierbei auf den Voraussetzungen der ersten Stufe und auf dem vom EuGH nicht erwähnten Kriterium der kohärenten Zielverfolgung, welches zu einer Erweiterung des sog. Drei-Stufen-Tests führen muss. Zusätzlich setzt sich die Arbeit mit der Frage auseinander, ob und in welcher Reichweite die Sportverbände bei der Anwendung des Meca-Medina-Tests einen Beurteilungsspielraum haben, da auch dies im Meca-Medina-Urteil nicht vom EuGH beantwortet worden ist.
description: Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft, Bd. 1 Nr. 5 (2023): 5. Ausgabe der Bayreuther Zeitschrift für Rechtswissenschaft (Schwerpunkt: Recht im Wandel)
Do the uncertainty relations really have crucial significances for physics ?
Creators: name: Dumitru, Spiridon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is proved the falsity of idea that the Uncertainty Relations (UR) have crucial significances for physics. Additionally one argues for the necesity of an UR-disconnected quantum philosophy.
description: 13 pages (in PDF format); 5 Sections; 39 references; PACS codes: 03.65.Ta, 05.40.-a, 01.70.+w ; Key words: uncertainty relations, cucial significances, quantum philosophy.
Rumour Processes on N
Creators: name: Junior, Valdivino V.
name: Machado, Fabio P.
name: Zuluaga, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K05, 60K35

description: We study four discrete time stochastic systems on $\bbN$ modeling processes of rumour spreading. The involved individuals can either have an active or a passive role, speaking up or asking for the rumour. The appetite in spreading or hearing the rumour is represented by a set of random variables whose distributions may depend on the individuals. Our goal is to understand - based on those random variables distribution - whether the probability of having an infinite set of individuals knowing the rumour is positive or not.
Magnetotransport through graphene nanoribbons at high magnetic fields
Creators: name: Minke, Silvia
name: Jhang, Sung Ho
name: Wurm, Jürgen
name: Skourski, Yurii
name: Wosnitza, Joachim
name: Strunk, Christoph
name: Weiss, Dieter
name: Richter, Klaus
name: Eroms, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik
subject: 72.80.Vp, 73.22.Pr, 73.43.Qt

description: We have investigated the magnetoresistance of lithographically prepared single-layer graphene nanoribbons in pulsed, perpendicular magnetic fields up to 60 T and performed corresponding transport simulations using a tight-binding model and several types of disorder. In experiment, at high carrier densities we observe Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations and the quantum Hall effect, while at low densities the oscillations disappear and an initially negative magnetoresistance becomes strongly positive at high magnetic fields. The strong resistance increase at very high fields and low-carrier densities is tentatively ascribed to a field-induced insulating state in the bulk graphene leads. Comparing numerical results and experiment, we demonstrate that at least edge disorder and bulk short-range impurities are important in our samples.
Dielectric function of the semiconductor hole liquid: Full frequency and wave-vector dependence
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We study the dielectric function of the homogeneous semiconductor hole liquid of p-doped bulk III-V zinc-blende semiconductors within random-phase approximation. The single-particle physics of the hole system is modeled by Luttinger’s four-band Hamiltonian in its spherical approximation. Regarding the Coulomb-interacting hole liquid, the full dependence of the zero-temperature dielectric function on wave vector and frequency is explored. The imaginary part of the dielectric function is analytically obtained in terms of complicated but fully elementary expressions, while in the result for the real part nonelementary one-dimensional integrations remain to be performed. The correctness of these two independent calculations is checked via Kramers-Kronig relations. The mass difference between heavy and light holes, along with variations in the background dielectric constant, leads to dramatic alternations in the plasmon excitation pattern, and, generically, two plasmon branches can be identified. These findings are the result of the evaluation of the full dielectric function and are not accessible via a high-frequency expansion. In the static limit a beating of Friedel oscillations between the Fermi wave numbers of heavy and light holes occurs.
Comparison of synthetic maps from truncated jet-formation models with YSO jet observations
Creators: name: Stute, Matthias
name: Gracia, Jose
name: Tsinganos, Kanaris
name: Vlahakis, Nektarios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) Significant progress has been made in the last years in the understanding of the jet formation mechanism through a combination of numerical simulations and analytical MHD models for outflows characterized by the symmetry of self-similarity. In a previous article we introduced models of truncated jets from disks, i.e. evolved in time numerical simulations based on a radially self-similar MHD solution, but including the effects of a finite radius of the jet-emitting disk and thus the outflow. These models need now to be compared with available observational data. A direct comparison of the results of combined analytical theoretical models and numerical simulations with observations has not been performed as yet. In order to compare our models with observed jet widths inferred from recent optical images taken with HST and AO observations, we use a new set of tools to create emission maps in different forbidden lines, from which we determine the jet width as the FWHM of the emission. It is shown that the untruncated analytical disk outflow solution considered here cannot fit the small jet widths inferred by observations of several jets. Various truncated disk-wind models are examined, whose extracted jet widths range from higher to lower values compared to the observations. Thus we can fit the observed range of jet widths by tuning our models. We conclude that truncation is necessary to reproduce the observed jet widths and our simulations limit the possible range of truncation radii. We infer that the truncation radius, which is the radius on the disk mid-plane where the jet-emitting disk switches to a standard disk, must be between around 0.1 up to about 1 AU in the observed sample for the considered disk-wind solution. One disk-wind simulation with an inner truncation radius at about 0.11 AU also shows potential for reproducing the observations, but a parameter study is needed.
description: accepted for publication in A & A, 14 pages, 21 figures
Relation between Dielectric and Low-Frequency Raman Spectra of Hydrogen-Bond Liquids
Creators: name: Fukasawa, T.
name: Sato, T.
name: Watanabe, J.
name: Hama, Y.
name: Kunz, Werner
name: Buchner, Richard
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: dielec frequency Raman spectra hydrogen bond liq relaxation
subject: 540 Chemie

description: We analyzed the complex dielec. and Raman spectra of hydrogen-bond liqs. in the microwave to terahertz frequency range. As for water and methanol, the high-frequency component of the dielec. spectrum, i.e., the small deviation from the principal Debye relaxation, clearly corresponds to the Raman spectrum. This indicates that the cooperative relaxation, accompanied by huge polarization fluctuation, is virtually not Raman active, whereas the faster processes reflect common microscopic dynamics. For ethylene glycol, the shape of the Raman spectrum also resembles that of the high-frequency deviation of the dielec. spectrum, but, addnl., a weak manifestation of the cooperative relaxation arising from quadrupolar conformers is detected.