cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Face Alignment Across Large Poses: A 3D Solution
Creators: name: Zhu, Xiangyu
name: Lei, Zhen
name: Liu, Xiaoming
name: Shi, Hailin
name: Li, Stan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Face alignment, which fits a face model to an image and extracts the semantic meanings of facial pixels, has been an important topic in CV community. However, most algorithms are designed for faces in small to medium poses (below 45 degree), lacking the ability to align faces in large poses up to 90 degree. The challenges are three-fold: Firstly, the commonly used landmark-based face model assumes that all the landmarks are visible and is therefore not suitable for profile views. Secondly, the face appearance varies more dramatically across large poses, ranging from frontal view to profile view. Thirdly, labelling landmarks in large poses is extremely challenging since the invisible landmarks have to be guessed. In this paper, we propose a solution to the three problems in an new alignment framework, called 3D Dense Face Alignment (3DDFA), in which a dense 3D face model is fitted to the image via convolutional neutral network (CNN). We also propose a method to synthesize large-scale training samples in profile views to solve the third problem of data labelling. Experiments on the challenging AFLW database show that our approach achieves significant improvements over state-of-the-art methods.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Periodic domains of quasiregular maps
Creators: name: Nicks, Daniel A.
name: Sixsmith, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the iteration of quasiregular maps of transcendental type from $\mathbb{R}^d$ to $\mathbb{R}^d$. We give a bound on the rate at which the iterates of such a map can escape to infinity in a periodic component of the quasi-Fatou set. We give examples which show that this result is best possible. Under an additional hypothesis, which is satisfied by all uniformly quasiregular maps, this bound can be improved to be the same as those in a Baker domain of a transcendental entire function. We construct a quasiregular map of transcendental type from $\mathbb{R}^3$ to $\mathbb{R}^3$ with a periodic domain in which all iterates tend locally uniformly to infinity. This is the first example of such behaviour in a dimension greater than two. Our construction uses a general result regarding the extension of biLipschitz maps. In addition, we show that there is a quasiregular map of transcendental type from $\mathbb{R}^3$ to $\mathbb{R}^3$ which is equal to the identity map in a half-space.
Decisions for self and others under ambiguity
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaowei
name: Ludvig, Elliot
name: Olschewski, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: In our study, we want to test whether people will choose differently for themselves and others under ambiguity. In this experiment, participants will choose between two options with differing ambiguity levels both for themselves and for others. Moreover, we are interested in whether people will choose let a computer decide due to blame aversion
"Unhealthy" Returns to Education: Variation in BMI-associated Premature Adult Mortality by Educational Attainment
Creators: name: Gutin, Iliya
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: While obesity continues to be a significant health issue, the relationship between body weight and mortality risk remains unclear. Research notes the strong association between obesity and higher mortality risk, along with the “protective” effect of higher weight for some groups. Few studies have examined this relationship when stratified by socioeconomic status, especially when considering premature mortality among working-aged adults. Using recent National Health Interview Survey data, this study examines variation in BMI-associated premature mortality risk across different levels of education. Results indicate overweight and class I obesity are associated with lowest mortality risk among the lower-educated. Conversely obesity is associated with increased mortality risk for individuals with a college education or greater, while overweight is not associated with reduced risk. Thus, obesity may pose a greater relative health risk in more advantaged groups, such as the highly educated, while other socio-behavioral factors account for premature mortality among lower-educated individuals.
Center-to-limb variation of intensity and polarization in continuum spectra of FGK stars for spherical atmospheres
Creators: name: Kostogryz, N. M.
name: Milic, I.
name: Berdyugina, S. V.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the necessary parameters needed for the interpretation of the light curves of transiting exoplanets or eclipsing binaries, as well as interferometric measurements of a star or microlensing events is how the intensity and polarization of a light change from the center to the limb. Scattering and absorption processes in stellar atmosphere affect both the center-to limb variation of intensity (CLVI) and polarization (CLVP). In this paper, we present a study of the CLVI and CLVP in continuum spectra considering different contributions of scattering and absorption opacity for different spectral type stars with spherical atmospheres. We solve the polarized radiative transfer equation in the presence of continuum scattering, considering spherical stellar model atmospheres. We developed two independent codes based on Feautrier and short characteristics methods to cross-check our results. We calculate the CLVI and CLVP in continuum for the Phoenix grid of spherical stellar model atmospheres for a range of $T_{eff} = 4000 - 7000 \rm K$, $\log g = 1.0 - 5.5$ and $λ= 4000 - 7000 \rm Å$, which are tabulated and available at the CDS. For sub-giant and dwarf stars ($\log g = 3.0 - 4.5$), lower $\log g$ and lower $T_{eff}$ of a star lead to higher limb polarization of the star. For giant and supergiant stars ($\log g = 1.0 - 2.5$), the highest effective temperature yields the largest polarization. By decreasing of the $T_{eff}$ of a star down to $4500 - 5500 \rm K$ (depending on $\log g$) the limb polarization decreases and reaches a local minimum. It increases again down to $T_{eff}$ of $4000 \rm K$. For the most compact dwarf stars ($\log g = 5.0 - 5.5$) the limb polarization degree shows a maximum for models with $T_{eff}$ in the range $4200 - 4600 \rm K$ (depending on $\log g$) and decreases toward higher and lower temperatures.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures, submitted to A&A
Equidistribution and $β$ ensembles
Creators: name: Carroll, T.
name: Marzo, J.
name: Massaneda, X.
name: Ortega-Cerdà, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We find the precise rate at which the empirical measure associated to a $β$-ensemble converges to its limiting measure. In our setting the $β$-ensemble is a random point process on a compact complex manifolds distributed according to the $β$ power of a determinant of sections in a positive line bundle. A particular case is the spherical ensemble of generalized random eigenvalues of pairs of matrices with independent identically distributed Gaussian entries.
Leptin's Effects on Amphibian Sexual Behavior
Creators: name: Garcia, Nicholas
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2014
Subjects: Animal behavior
Biology
Endocrinology

description: Mate choice is an essential decision for sexually reproducing animals. This decision is influenced by a number of dynamic cues including an animal's internal physiology. Leptin is a peptide hormone that reduces food intake and influences a number of physiological systems across vertebrate taxa. Because leptin can signal an animal's present energy stores, it may influence important behavioral decisions, including mate choice. To probe leptin's effects on mate choice, I tested female spadefoot toads (Spea bombifrons), which have highly plastic mate choice decisions. I found that leptin treatment switches the mate choice preferences of spadefoot toads and causes appetite suppression. These results suggest a novel role for leptin in sexual behaviors and broaden the understanding of the hormone's effect on vertebrates.
Stability and scalability of piezoelectric flags
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaolin
name: Alben, Silas
name: Li, Chenyang
name: Young, Yin Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of piezoelectric (PZT) material on the flutter speed, vibration mode and frequency, and energy harvesting power and efficiency of a flexible flag in various fluids. We develop a fully coupled fluid-solid-electric model by combining the inviscid vortex sheet model with a linear electro-mechanical coupling model. A resistance only circuit and a resonant resistance-inductance (RL) circuit are considered. For a purely resistive circuit, an increased electro-mechanical coupling factor results in an increased flutter speed, vibration frequency, averaged electric power and efficiency. A consistent optimal resistance is found that maximizes the flutter speed and the energy harvesting power. For a resonant RL circuit, by tuning the inductance to match the circuit frequency to the flag's vibration frequency, the flutter speed can be greatly decreased, and a larger averaged power and efficiency are obtained. We also consider a model scale set-up with several commonly used commercial materials for operating in air and water. Typical ranges of dimensionless parameters are obtained for four types of material that span a wide range of solid density and rigidity values. We find that the resistance only circuit is more effective when the flag is placed in a lighter fluid (e.g. air), while the RL circuit is able to reduce the flutter speed when the flag is placed in a heavier fluid (e.g. water).
title: Relationships between Primary Lesion’s ADCValue of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma and Pathological Indices
Creators: name: Chen, Ying
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: Image guided radiotherapy
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound physics
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Oncology

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: To investigate the pathological mechanism of primary lesion’s ADC variation of NPC, we analyze the correlations between ADC value of patients with NPC and the cell density, microvessel density and nuclear proliferation...
Speaking from the South of Europe
Creators: name: Puleo, Alicia H.
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Feminismus
subject: Ökologie
subject: 196 Philosophie in Spanien und Portugal
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Almost forty years after the invention of the term ecofeminism by Françoise d’Eaubonne, there now exists a wide range of theoretical positions and practises that we can call ecofeminist. The different intellectual, historical, social and economic situations from which they have arisen explain this diversity. Nonexistent until a few years ago in the South of Europe, the interest in this subject matter is currently increasing. In this paper I will speak about the focal points of the ecofeminist philosophy developed in my recent research illustrating its links with the Iberian and Latin American background.
Sexual Harassment at Work: The effects of reporting sexual harassment on job performance evaluations
Creators: name: Rudolph, Lara
name: Kempen, Regina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Industrial and Organizational Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Despite the legal framework, many women experience sexual harassment in an organizational context (McDonald, 2012). While the topic has come to the attention of the general public trough recent campaigns like #metoo (McDonald, 2019), still a large proportion of incidents remain unreported (Hart, 2019). The present study aims to examine whether reporting sexual harassment in an organizational context influences how others evaluate the performance of the target employee. For a finer grained analysis, the general performance level of the employee is considered as well as whether sexual harassment is reported as a victim or witness of the incident. Additionally moderating effects of blame and credibility are taken into account. As part of the online study participants will be randomly assigned to one of six groups. A fictitious personnel file will be presented to all participants. Depending on the assigned group, the performance of the target employee and wheatear sexual harassment is reported are varied. After reading the personnel file participants are asked to evaluate the performance of the target employee for five different areas (e.g. communication).
title: Polyhydramnios and fetal congenital malformations; secrets of 4D ultrasound
Creators: name: El Ameen, Nadia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Foetal imaging
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Intrauterine diagnosis
subject: Screening
subject: Congenital
subject: Obstetrics

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: Polyhydramnios is diagnosed whenthere is an abnormal increase in quantity of amniotic fluid. Ultrasonography allows for non invasive quantification of amniotic fluid volume. It determined by measuring a singlefluid pocket of greater than 8 cm or a...
On the multi-symplectic structure of the Serre-Green-Naghdi equations
Creators: name: Chhay, Marx
name: Dutykh, Denys
name: Clamond, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76B15 (primary), 76M30, 37M15 (secondary)

description: In this short note, we present a multi-symplectic structure of the Serre-Green-Naghdi (SGN) equations modelling nonlinear long surface waves in shallow water. This multi-symplectic structure allow the use of efficient finite difference or pseudo-spectral numerical schemes preserving exactly the multi-symplectic form at the discrete level.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 30 references. Other author's papers can be downloaded at http://www.denys-dutykh.com/
The Securitization of Aid: The European Union’s Strategic Transformation
Creators: name: Cassady, Amber
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: This thesis examines how the United States (US) and European Union (EU) have developed foreign aid programs to further their security goals. The securitization of foreign aid has evolved as security threats have changed over time, and the evolution of US and EU aid policies has raised the question of how security objectives are incorporated into development policies.  This thesis demonstrates that the EU has securitized foreign aid by briefly exploring the case of securitized aid in the US, tracing institutional changes within the EU, and explaining specific EU instruments and partnerships that securitize aid.  As the international area continues to intensify and become more complex, the EU must strengthen its current tools or create more vehicles to carry out security and foreign aid priorities.
QCD corrections to ZZ production in gluon fusion at the LHC
Creators: name: Caola, Fabrizio
name: Melnikov, Kirill
name: Röntsch, Raoul
name: Tancredi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the next-to-leading order QCD corrections to the production of two Z-bosons in the annihilation of two gluons at the LHC. Being enhanced by a large gluon flux, these corrections provide distinct and, potentially, the dominant part of the N$^3$LO QCD contributions to Z-pair production in proton collisions. The $gg \to ZZ$ annihilation is a loop-induced process that receives the dominant contribution from loops of five light quarks, that are included in our computation in the massless approximation. We find that QCD corrections increase the $gg \to ZZ$ production cross section by ${\cal O}(50\%-100\%)$ depending on the values of the renormalization and factorization scales used in the leading order computation, and the collider energy. The large corrections to $gg \to ZZ$ channel increase the $pp \to ZZ$ cross section by about six to eight percent, exceeding the estimated theoretical uncertainty of the recent NNLO QCD calculation.
description: 18 pages, 2 tables, 3 figures
Excited Baryon Structure Using Exclusive Reactions with CLAS12
Creators: name: Carman, Daniel S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying excited nucleon structure through exclusive electroproduction reactions is an important avenue for exploring the nature of the non-perturbative strong interaction. Electrocouplings for $N^*$ states in the mass range below 1.8~GeV have been determined from analyses of CLAS $πN$, $ηN$, and $ππN$ data. This work made it clear that consistency of independent analyses of exclusive channels with different couplings and non-resonant backgrounds but the same $N^*$ electro-excitation amplitudes, is essential to have confidence in the extracted results. In terms of hadronic coupling, many high-lying $N^*$ states preferentially decay through the $ππN$ channel instead of $πN$. Data from the $KY$ channels will therefore be critical to provide an independent analysis to compare the extracted electrocouplings for the high-lying $N^*$ states against those determined from the $πN$ and $ππN$ channels. A program to study excited $N^*$ decays to non-strange and strange exclusive final states using CLAS12 will measure differential cross sections to be used as input to extract the $γ_vNN^*$ transition form factors for the most prominent $N^*$ states in the range of invariant energy $W$ up 3~GeV in the virtually unexplored domain of momentum transfers $Q^2$ up to 12~GeV$^2$.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Hadron 2015 conference
The rise of the Tea Party movement and Western European right-wing populist parties: a comparative analysis
Creators: name: Aylward, Meagan Ashley
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: In the past two decades, European politics have witnessed the transformation of populist radical right parties from the margins to the mainstream. Many countries in Western Europe, such as France and Austria, have strong right-wing populist parties that have influenced their national governments by forming governing coalitions and agitating political agendas. Although not a political party, the rise of the Tea Party movement in the United States has created a surge of right-wing populism and has taken on many commonalities with European right-wing populist party agendas. Right-wing populist parties vary in party makeup and agenda in Western Europe, as do the supporters of the Tea Party movement. Comparatively assessing the party platforms and supporters demonstrates the differences and similarities between right-wing populist parties in Western Europe and supporters of the Tea Party movement in the United States.
Looking for Information in Health Contexts: A Review of Methods and Theories Used in Health Information Seeking Studies
Creators: name: Lund, Brady
name: Wang, Ting
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Information seeking behavior
Health Information
Research Methods
Content Analysis

description: The purpose of this study is to identify the top (by frequency) research methods and theories in information seeking articles published in health communications journals. Content analysis was used to identify the methods and theories used in relevant articles. The findings indicate that information seeking research in this discipline is homogeneous in top methods (questionnaire) but employs a wide range of theories. This study provides an overview and investigation of information seeking research that is likely to support the design of future research within the health communication field.
Determination of parameters of long-term variability of the X-ray pulsar LMC X-4
Creators: name: Molkov, S.
name: Lutovinov, A.
name: Falanga, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the temporal variability of the X-ray flux measured from the high-mass Xray binary LMCX-4 on time scales from several tens of days to tens of years, i.e., exceeding considerably the orbital period (1.408 days). In particular, we have investigated the 30-day cycle of modulation of the X-ray emission from the source (superorbital or precessional variability) and refined the orbital period and its first derivative. We show that the precession period in the time interval 1991--2015 is near its equilibrium value $P_{sup} = 30.370$ days, while the observed historical changes in the phase of this variability can be interpreted in terms of the "red noise" model. We have obtained an analytical law from which the precession phase can be determined to within 5\% in the entire time interval under consideration. Using archival data from several astrophysical observatories, we have found 43 X-ray eclipses in LMC X-4 that, together with the nine eclipses mentioned previously in the literature, have allowed the parameters of the model describing the evolution of the orbital period to be determined. As a result, the rate of change in the orbital period $\dot P_{orb}/P_{orb}=(1.21\pm0.07)\times10^{-6}$ yr$^{-1}$ has been shown to be higher than has been expected previously.
Tensor-optimized antisymmetrized molecular dynamics in nuclear physics
Creators: name: Myo, Takayuki
name: Toki, Hiroshi
name: Ikeda, Kiyomi
name: Horiuchi, Hisashi
name: Suhara, Tadahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a new formalism to treat nuclear many-body systems using bare nucleon-nucleon interaction. It has become evident that the tensor interaction plays important role in nuclear many-body systems due to the role of the pion in strongly interacting system. We take the antisymmetrized molecular dynamics (AMD) as a basic framework and add a tensor correlation operator acting on the AMD wave function using the concept of the tensor-optimized shell model (TOSM). We demonstrate a systematical and straightforward formulation utilizing the Gaussian integration and differentiation method and the antisymmetrization technique to calculate all the matrix elements of the many-body Hamiltonian. We can include the three-body interaction naturally and calculate the matrix elements systematically in the progressive order of the tensor correlation operator. We call the new formalism "tensor-optimized antisymmetrized molecular dynamics".
description: 36 pages
Sleep Architecture Measured by Polysomnography in Patients with Traumatic Brain Injury: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: U, Stephanie
name: McWilliams, Scout
name: Purtzki, Jacqueline
name: Kuo, Calvin
name: Ipsiroglu, Osman
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: mTBI
subject: polysomnography
subject: PSG
subject: sleep
subject: TBI
subject: traumatic brain injuries
subject: traumatic brain injury

description: Sleep disturbances are commonly exhibited following traumatic brain injury (TBI) and are associated with cognitive, behavioural, and/or health-related quality of life impairments. Sleep architecture, the basic organization of sleep, is affected by TBI. Polysomnography (PSG) measures multiple sleep-related neurophysiological parameters and is considered to be the gold standard assessment tool. We are conducting a scoping review of PSG findings in order to understand the dimension of sleep disturbances faced by individuals with TBI.
Random walks systems with finite lifetime on $ \bbZ $
Creators: name: Lebensztayn, Elcio
name: Machado, Fabio
name: Zuluaga, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60G50

description: We consider a non-homogeneous random walks system on $\bbZ$ in which each active particle performs a nearest neighbor random walk and activates all inactive particles it encounters up to a total amount of $L$ jumps. We present necessary and sufficient conditions for the process to survive, which means that an infinite number of random walks become activated.
description: 3 figures
title: “I Kindly Ask You to Check Whether it is Possible to Cancel Denaturalization” A Study of Selected Cases of the Struggle of Jewish Migrants Against Being Deprived of Their German Citizenship in the Free State of Brunswick after 1933
title: „Ich bitte höflichst zu prüfen, ob es möglich ist, die Ausbürgerung zu annullieren“ Ausgewählte Fallbeispiele zum Kampf jüdischer Migranten gegen die Aberkennung ihrer deutschen Staatsbürgerschaft im Freistaat Braunschweig nach 1933
title: „Uprzejmie proszę o sprawdzenie, czy możliwe jest anulowanie denaturalizacji” Studium wybranych przypadków walki migrantów żydowskich z pozbawieniem ich obywatelstwa niemieckiego w Wolnym Państwie Brunszwiku po 1933 roku
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Voges, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Göttingen : Polnische Historische Mission, Max-Planck-Institut für Geschichte
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie

description: The article examines, using specific examples, the reactions of Jewish women and men who had immigrated to Braunschweig from Central and Eastern Europe to the De-naturalization Act from the early national socialist rule. It focuses on understanding the precise strategies employed by affected individuals to prevent undoing the naturalization process. On the one hand, the reference was made to the exception clauses listed in the executive regulation to the act (“special merits” and “special distinction in World War I”). Other justifications were also cited, such as a particularly difficult social situation, expected complications abroad or migration plans.
description: Der Aufsatz geht an konkreten Beispielen der Frage nach, wie aus Ostmitteleuropa ins Land Braunschweig migrierte Jüdinnen und Juden auf das Gesetz zum Widerruf der Einbürgerungen aus den frühen Tagen der nationalsozialistischen Herrschaft reagierten. Dabei geht es darum, präzise Strategien nachzuvollziehen, wie die betreffenden Personen versuchten, den Widerruf ihrer Einbürgerungen abzuwenden. Dabei bezogen sie sich zum einen auf die in der Durchführungsverordnung zum Gesetz genannten Ausnahmeklauseln („besondere Verdienste“ und „besondere Auszeichnung im Ersten Weltkrieg“) und zum anderen auf weitere Gründe – wie zum Beispiel besondere soziale Härten, zu erwartende Verwicklungen mit dem Ausland oder einen Plan zu Migration.
Abortion On Trial: The Pro-Life Movement and the Edelin Manslaughter Case, 1973 to 1975
Creators: name: Donnally, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: On February 15, 1975 an all-white, mostly Catholic working-class jury in Boston convicted Kenneth C. Edelin, a black physician, of manslaughter for taking the life of a fetus during a legal abortion he performed in 1973. A political alliance between the local pro-life movement, the Roman Catholic Church, and anti-busing movement in Boston brought about the secret investigation that led to the trial while the testimony of a group of pro-life physicians who made scientific claims concerning the legal personhood of the fetus enabled the jury to convict Edelin. The Edelin manslaughter case and the local politics surrounding abortion in the years immediately after Roe v. Wade are vital for comprehending how the pro-life movement situated itself to become a major political force in the last quarter of the twentieth century.
Additional file 1 of Benchmarking bioinformatic virus identification tools using real-world metagenomic data across biomes
Creators: name: Wu, Ling-Yi
name: Wijesekara, Yasas
name: Piedade, Gonçalo J.
name: Pappas, Nikolaos
name: Brussaard, Corina P. D.
name: Dutilh, Bas E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Snakemake workflow of the pipeline. Fig. S2. Real-world metagenomic assembled contigs number and length distribution. Fig. S3. True negative rate, precision, and f1 score of tools. Fig. S4. Receiver operating characteristiccurves per tool. Fig. S5. UpSet plots summarizing the overlap in predictions between tools from the soil samples. Fig. S6. UpSet plots summarizing the overlap in predictions between tools from the gut samples. Fig. S7. Genomic maps of the exclusively identified, longest contigs in the soil virome dataset. Fig. S8. Genomic maps of the exclusively identified, longest contigs in the gut virome dataset. Fig. S9. Performance of tools on simulated data.
title: Breast imaging and intervention during pregnancy and lactation: a primer
Creators: name: Wong, Kang Min
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: Breast imaging and intervention during pregnancy and lactation can be challenging for the radiologist. This is due to several factors includingphysiologic changes to the breast, as well as risksto the foetus or newborn. This exhibit seeks to achieve...
Stress channelling in extreme couple-stress materials Part II: Localized folding vs faulting of a continuum in single and cross geometries
Creators: name: Gourgiotis, Panos A.
name: Bigoni, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The antiplane strain Green's functions for an applied concentrated force and moment are obtained for Cosserat elastic solids with extreme anisotropy, which can be tailored to bring the material in a state close to an instability threshold such as failure of ellipticity. It is shown that the wave propagation condition (and not ellipticity) governs the behavior of the antiplane strain Green's functions. These Green's functions are used as perturbing agents to demonstrate in an extreme material the emergence of localized (single and cross) stress channelling and the emergence of antiplane localized folding (or creasing, or weak elastostatic shock) and faulting (or elastostatic shock) of a Cosserat continuum, phenomena which remain excluded for a Cauchy elastic material. During folding some components of the displacement gradient suffer a finite jump, whereas during faulting the displacement itself displays a finite discontinuity.
Communication in the Multiverse of a Library
Creators: name: Đorđević, Ana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Science
National Open Science policy
Cherry Repository
Responsible Research Assessment
GraspOS

description: This presentation is devoted to understanding the academic library as the ultimate place where science and literature meet, a multiverse that stores all our scientific and general literary output. The library in itself encompasses everything that exists in intellectual space, imagined and real worlds. It is the place of identity in a world where everything changes faster than we can prepare for the new realities. The system of evaluation of scientific works, in which the number of published works comes first, is based on the motto "publish or perish". It is a prime example of how time is the only resource we have that disappears in the dust of the gallop of a great race. Are the conditions of publication under financial pressure separating scientists from academia and librarians from traditional books, preventing the convergence of science and literature? Is the holistic human experience, with all its technological shortcuts, now accessible to everyone on the Internet, or is it still divided between two separate realms, science and literature? Are there also differences in terms of ethnic structure, geographical area, standard, and material status? Are digital libraries more accessible to users than traditional libraries? The presentation discusses the above questions with emphasis on the role of the concept of open science in communication between librarians and researchers. The new educational area of the librarian profession relates to the ethical principles of open science. A trained librarian of a scientific library does not hold the knowledge in his hands, but shares it with the target group of users - students and researchers. By organizing continuous lectures and library seminars on current issues related to Open Science and reforming the evaluation system, the necessary communication between librarians and researchers is achieved, which is presented in this presentation with specific examples. One of the examples of good practices is the participation of librarians and researchers in the three-year GraspOS project funded by the European Commission at the University of Belgrade - Faculty of Chemistry.
Open science and Sustainable Development Goals
Creators: name: Lrhoul Hanae
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Library
SDG
Open Sciecne

description: The MENA Regional Division of IFLA and Mohammed Sekkat University Library (Hassan II University of Casablanca) are organizing a meeting with researchers and librarians about the topic: "Libraries advocates for the sustainable development goals" The objective of the event is to exchange ideas on sustainable development goals and focus on the role that information and documentation services play in their implementation in the arab societies.
title: Modeling Clean Energy Transition  Pathways in Developing Countries: The  Case of Brazil
title: OseMOSYS Brazil's Presentation & Report
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Andrade Borges de Oliveira, Joseph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report was produced during the EMP-LAC 24 capacity building event organized bythe Climate Compatible Growth Programme (CCG). Training was provided by instructorsfrom CCG, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, and Universidade Federal Fluminense.The event received funding from CCG, the World Bank Group (WBG), and the 2050Pathways Platform.We would like to thank Fernando A. Plazas Niño, Pedro H. Peters Barbosa, CarlaCannone and the whole team from Climate Compatible Growth for their support in thedevelopment of this work.
description: As a result of the Paris Agreement, Brazil formulated its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) regulations, updated in 2023. It stipulates that Brazil must reduceemissions by 48% in 2025 and 53% in 2030, compared to 2005 levels (MMA,2023). In other words, by 2050, everything the country emits must be offset by carbonsequestration sources, such as forest planting, biome restoration, or other technologies. This report examines the challenges of meeting objectives in the face of increasingelectricity demand and climate change. Therefore, three scenarios were evaluated using the open-source modellingsystem OSeMOSYS: Business-As-Usual (BAU), Implementation and Expansion of Offshore Wind Generation (EOL), and Commitment to Net Neutral Emissions by 2050 (NDC). In the BAU scenario, the consequences of maintaining the percentage composition of each energy generation technology in the energy matrix are presented. This is intended to serve as a reference for the formulation of public policies for the energy transition. The NDC scenario examines which technologies can replace polluting power generation, while the EOL scenario examines whether decarbonization can be achieved by 2050 through investment in offshore wind farms. In the third scenario, we aim to investigate the effect of offshore wind generation on the grid. This is due to its identification as a medium-term expansion candidate in the analysis conducted under the 'Ten-Year Energy Expansion Plan' (PDE, 2029). Additionally, there are ongoing projects in Brazil's environmental licensing process.
Non-azimuthal linear polarization in protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Canovas, H.
name: Ménard, F.
name: de Boer, J.
name: Pinte, C.
name: Avenhaus, H.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several studies discussing imaging polarimetry observations of protoplanetary disks use the so-called radial Stokes parameters Q_phi and U_phi to discuss the results. This approach has the advantage of providing a direct measure of the noise in the polarized images under the assumption that the polarization is azimuthal only, i.e., perpendicular to the direction towards the illuminating source. However, a detailed study of the validity of this assumption is currently missing. We aim to test whether departures from azimuthal polarization can naturally be produced by scattering processes in optically thick protoplanetary disks at near infrared wavelengths. We use the radiative transfer code MCFOST to create a generic model of a transition disk using different grain size distributions and dust masses. From these models we generate synthetic polarized images at 2.2\mum. We find that even for moderate inclinations (e.g., i = 40degr), multiple scattering alone can produce significant (up to ~4.5% of the Q_phi image) non-azimuthal polarization reflected in the U_phi images. We also find that different grain populations can naturally produce radial polarization (negative values in the Q_phi images). Our results suggest that caution is recommended when interpreting polarized images by only analyzing the Q_phi and U_phi images. We find that there can be astrophysical signal in the U_phi images and negative values in the Q_phi images, which indicate departures from azimuthal polarization. If significant signal is detected in the U_phi images, we recommend to check the standard Q and U images to look for departures from azimuthal polarization. On the positive side, signal in the U_phi images once all instrumental and data-reduction artifacts have been corrected for means that there is more information to be extracted regarding the dust population and particle density.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A letters. Abridged abstract
title: Pulmonary emphysema diagnosis using X-ray dark-field imaging at a laser-driven compact synchrotron light source
Creators: name: Schleede, Simone
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Experimental
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: In early stages of various pulmonary diseases, such as emphysema and fibrosis, the change in X-ray attenuation is not detectable with absorption-based radiography. To monitor the morphological changes that the alveoli network undergoes in the...
title: Covered stent. Indications in Interventional Neuroradology
Creators: name: Vega Valdes, Pedro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Purpose Methods and Materials Results Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Purpose: The JOSTENT coronary stent (image 1) is constructed using a sandwich technique whereby a thin layer of polytetrafluoroethylene is placed between two stainless steel stents. It is, therefore, a very rigid device which makes navigation through the...
Molecular Gas and Star Formation in the Cartwheel
Creators: name: Higdon, James L.
name: Higdon, Sarah J. U.
name: Ruiz, Sergio Martin
name: Rand, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) 12CO(J=1-0) observations are used to study the cold molecular ISM of the Cartwheel ring galaxy and its relation to HI and massive star formation (SF). CO moment maps find $(2.69\pm0.05)\times10^{9}$ M$_{\odot}$ of H$_2$ associated with the inner ring (72%) and nucleus (28%) for a Galactic I(CO)-to-N(H2) conversion factor ($α_{\rm CO}$). The spokes and disk are not detected. Analysis of the inner ring's CO kinematics show it to be expanding ($V_{\rm exp}=68.9\pm4.9$ km s$^{-1}$) implying an $\approx70$ Myr age. Stack averaging reveals CO emission in the starburst outer ring for the first time, but only where HI surface density ($Σ_{\rm HI}$) is high, representing $M_{\rm H_2}=(7.5\pm0.8)\times10^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$ for a metallicity appropriate $α_{\rm CO}$, giving small $Σ_{\rm H_2}$ ($3.7$ M$_{\odot}$ pc$^{-2}$), molecular fraction ($f_{\rm mol}=0.10$), and H$_2$ depletion timescales ($τ_{\rm mol} \approx50-600$ Myr). Elsewhere in the outer ring $Σ_{\rm H_2}\lesssim 2$ M$_{\odot}$ pc$^{-2}$, $f_{\rm mol}\lesssim 0.1$ and $τ_{\rm mol}\lesssim 140-540$ Myr (all $3σ$). The inner ring and nucleus are H$_2$-dominated and are consistent with local spiral SF laws. $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ in the outer ring appears independent of $Σ_{\rm H_2}$, $Σ_{\rm HI}$ or $Σ_{\rm HI+H_2}$. The ISM's long confinement in the robustly star forming rings of the Cartwheel and AM0644-741 may result in either a large diffuse H$_2$ component or an abundance of CO-faint low column density molecular clouds. The H$_2$ content of evolved starburst rings may therefore be substantially larger. Due to its lower $Σ_{\rm SFR}$ and age the Cartwheel's inner ring has yet to reach this state. Alternately, the outer ring may trigger efficient SF in an HI-dominated ISM.
description: 10-pages text; 5-figures
title: Breast lymphoma- a report of 7 cases and a review of the literature
Creators: name: Damian, Oana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Mammography
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Staging
subject: Biopsy
subject: Chemotherapy
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Cancer

description: Learning objectives Background Imaging findings OR Procedure details Conclusion References Personal Information
description: Learning objectives: To present a series of 7 cases of breast lymphoma, to describe the mammographic and ultrasonographic appearances found and to discuss the particularities of these cases and the matches with previously published...
Effects of local-government facemask mandates on COVID-19 cases
Creators: name: Barkowski, Scott
name: Khatri, Krishna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Health Economics
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: COVID-19
subject: Facemasks
subject: Mandates
subject: Nonpharmaceutical Interventions

description: This project examines whether local mask mandates reduce the spread of COVID-19 in South Carolina, where no state-wide mandate exists.
Intergenerational Study
Creators: name: Peters, Lien
name: Ansari, Daniel
name: Joanisse, Marc
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Reading and arithmetic are important academic skills that children develop throughout the first years of formal education. To date, researchers have consistently treated arithmetic and reading as separate abilities, despite the fact that they are highly related. In this project, we will therefore investigate the effect of multiple factors on arithmetic, reading and their relation. We will investigate not only cognitive factors, but also neural and environmental factors. We will not only assess these factors in children, but also in their biological mothers. This project will allow us to investigate which factors explain why children perform the way they do on arithmetic and reading tasks, what happens in the brains of children while they perform arithmetic and reading tasks, how parental factors influence children’s abilities, and what the role of children’s environment is on their academic performances. This open-ended preregistration is an add-on to a previously posted preregistration.
Galaxy Cluster Thermal X-Ray Spectra Constrain Axion-Like Particles
Creators: name: Conlon, Joseph P.
name: Marsh, M. C. David
name: Powell, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axion-like particles (ALPs) and photons inter-convert in the presence of a magnetic field. At keV energies in the environment of galaxy clusters, the conversion probability can become unsuppressed for light ALPs. Conversion of thermal X-ray photons into ALPs can introduce a step-like feature into the cluster thermal bremsstrahlung spectrum, and we argue that existing X-ray data on galaxy clusters should be sufficient to extend bounds on ALPs in the low-mass region $m_a \lesssim 1 \times 10^{-12}\,{\rm eV}$ down to $M \sim 7\times 10^{11}\, {\rm GeV}$, and that for $10^{11}\, {\rm GeV} < M \lesssim 10^{12}$ GeV light ALPs give rise to interesting and unique observational signatures that may be probed by existing and upcoming X-ray (and potentially X-ray polarisation) observations of galaxy clusters.
description: 5 pages