cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Q1549-C25: A Clean Source of Lyman-Continuum Emission at $z=3.15$
Creators: name: Shapley, Alice E.
name: Steidel, Charles C.
name: Strom, Allison L.
name: Bogosavljević, Milan
name: Reddy, Naveen A.
name: Siana, Brian
name: Mostardi, Robin E.
name: Rudie, Gwen C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of Q1549-C25, an ~L* star-forming galaxy at z=3.15 for which Lyman-continuum (LyC) radiation is significantly detected in deep Keck/LRIS spectroscopy. We find no evidence for contamination from a lower-redshift interloper close to the line of sight in the high signal-to-noise spectrum of Q1549-C25. Furthermore, the morphology of Q1549-C25 in V_606, J_125, and H_160 Hubble Space Telescope (HST) imaging reveals that the object consists of a single, isolated component within 1". In combination, these data indicate Q1549-C25 as a clean spectroscopic detection of LyC radiation, only the second such object discovered to date at z~3. We model the spectral energy distribution (SED) of Q1549-C25, finding evidence for negligible dust extinction, an age (assuming continuous star formation) of ~1 Gyr, and a stellar mass of M_*=7.9x10^9 M_sun. Although it is not possible to derive strong constraints on the absolute escape fraction of LyC emission, f_esc(LyC), from a single object, we use simulations of intergalactic and circumgalactic absorption to infer f_esc(LyC)>=0.51 at 95% confidence. The combination of deep Keck/LRIS spectroscopy and HST imaging is required to assemble a larger sample of objects like Q1549-C25, and obtain robust constraints on the average f_esc(LyC) at z~3 and beyond.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ Letters
Analysis of the influence of building and planning control in higher density residential development - Melbourne
Creators: name: Catt, Gary C.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
A New Estimate of Galaxy Mass-to-Light Ratios from Flexion Lensing Statistics
Creators: name: Fabritius, Joseph Michael
name: Goldberg, David M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a flexion based weak gravitational analysis of the first two Hubble Frontier Field clusters: Abell 2744 and MACS 0416. A parametric method for using projected flexion signals as a probe of cluster member mass is described in detail. The normalization and slope of a $L-θ_E$ (as a proxy for $L-σ$) scaling relation in each cluster is determined using measured flexion signals. A parallel field analysis is undertaken concurrently to provide a baseline measure of method effectiveness. We find an agreement in the Faber-Jackson slope $\ell$ associated with galaxy age and morphology for both clusters, as well as theoretical distinction in the cluster normalization mass.
ความนึกเปรียบเทียบการศึกษากับการทำเกษตรกรรม: มโนคติของผู้ใช้ภาษาในบริบทการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน ในสมัยรัฐบาล คสช. พ.ศ. 2557-2562
Creators: name: วิฑูรย์ เมตตาจิตร
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเลย
Year: 2565
Subjects: ความนึกเปรียบเทียบ
การศึกษา
การทำเกษตรกรรม
มโนคติ
คสช.

description: วารสารวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเลย, 17, 61, 78
Neutrino lighthouse powered by Sagittarius A* disk dynamo
Creators: name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the subset of high energy neutrino events detected by IceCube which correlate with the Galactic center (within uncertainties of their reconstructed arrival directions) could originate in the collisions of protons accelerated by the Sagittarius (Sgr) A* disk dynamo. Under very reasonable assumptions on source parameters we demonstrate that the supermassive black hole at the center of the Galaxy could launch protons and nuclei with multi PeV energies. Acceleration of these particles in a period of seconds up to Lorentz factors of \sim 10^7 is possible by means of the Blandford-Znajek mechanism, which wires the spinning magnetosphere of Sgr A* as a Faraday unipolar inductor. During the acceleration process the \sim PeV progenitors of \sim 50 TeV neutrinos radiate curvature photons in the keV energy range. We show that IceCube neutrino astronomy with photon tagging on the Chandra X-ray Observatory could provide a valuable probe for the Blandford-Znajek acceleration mechanism. We also argue that EeV neutrinos, which may be produced in a similar fashion during the merging of binary black holes, could become the smoking gun for particle acceleration in a one-shot boost.
description: v1- 5 pages revtex; 1 figure. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1107.2119 by other authors; v2 references added; v3 version to be published in PRD
Structural studies of some mixed metal oxides
Creators: name: Awadalla, Albert A.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
High Efficiency Gamma-Ray Flash Generation via Multiple Compton Scattering
Creators: name: Gong, Z.
name: Hu, R. H.
name: Shou, Y. R.
name: Qiao, B.
name: Chen, C. E.
name: He, X. T.
name: Bulanov, S. S.
name: Esirkepov, T. Zh.
name: Bulanov, S. V.
name: Yan, X. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray flash generation in near critical density (NCD) target irradiated by four symmetrical colliding laser pulses is numerically investigated. With peak intensities about $10^{23}$ W/cm$^2$, the laser pulses boost electron energy through direct laser acceleration, while pushing them inward with the ponderomotive force. After backscattering with counter-propagating laser, the accelerated electron is trapped in the optical lattice or the electromagnetic standing waves (SW) created by the coherent overlapping of the laser pulses, and emits gamma-ray photons in Multiple Compton Scattering regime, where electrons act as a medium transferring energy from the laser to gamma-rays. The energy conversion rate from laser pulses to gamma-ray can be as high as 50\%
Deep Contrastive Multiview Network Embedding
Creators: name: Zhang, Mengqi
name: Zhu, Yanqiao
name: Liu, Qiang
name: Wu, Shu
name: Wang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multiview network embedding aims at projecting nodes in the network to low-dimensional vectors, while preserving their multiple relations and attribute information. Contrastive learning approaches have shown promising performance in this task. However, they neglect the semantic consistency between fused and view representations and have difficulty in modeling complementary information between different views. To deal with these deficiencies, this work presents a novel Contrastive leaRning framEwork for Multiview network Embedding (CREME). In our work, different views can be obtained based on the various relations among nodes. Then, we generate view embeddings via proper view encoders and utilize an attentive multiview aggregator to fuse these representations. Particularly, we design two collaborative contrastive objectives, view fusion InfoMax and inter-view InfoMin, to train the model in a self-supervised manner. The former objective distills information from embeddings generated from different views, while the latter captures complementary information among views to promote distinctive view embeddings. We also show that the two objectives can be unified into one objective for model training. Extensive experiments on three real-world datasets demonstrate that our proposed CREME is able to consistently outperform state-of-the-art methods.
description: 5 pages, accepted to CIKM 2022
แนวทางการพัฒนาศักยภาพกลุ่มวิสาหกิจชุมชนกลุ่มทอผ้าบ้านก้างปลา ตำบลชัยพฤกษ์ อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดเลย
Creators: name: ไทยโรจน์ พวงมณี
Publisher: name: สถาบันวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเลย
Year: 2565
Subjects: การพัฒนาศักยภาพ
กลุ่มวิสาหกิจชุมชนทอผ้า
ผ้าทอบ้านก้างปลา
ตำบลชัยพฤกษ์

description: วารสารวิจัยและพัฒนา มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏเลย, 17, 61, 89
The sociological implications of a total energy, low waste city
Creators: name: Moore, Geoffrey F.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Reddening and the Shape of the Variable Component of the Continua of Active Galactic Nuclei From the Optical to the Far Ultraviolet. I
Creators: name: Heard, Clio Z. P.
name: Gaskell, C. Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the photometric variability of 4,611 active galactic nuclei (AGNs) from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Stripe 82. We recover the spectral energy distribution (SED) of the variable flux as a function of wavelength. For rest wavelengths longer than $\sim \lambda2200$ we find that the SED of the variable component of the bluest AGNs is consistent with the $F_ν \propto ν^{+1/3}$ spectrum predicted for an externally-illuminated accretion disc. We confirm there is some residual variable emission corresponding to the "small blue bump" and other broad-line region variability. We interpret steeper optical spectra of the variable component as being due to intrinsic reddening. This is supported by the correlation of the Balmer decrement with the colour excess of the variable component. We find the median internal reddening of SDSS AGNs in Stripe 82 with $z < 0.4$ to be $E(B-V) \thickapprox 0.10$ in agreement with the reddening derived from the Balmer decrement. Individual AGNs in the sample can have $E(B-V) > 0.4$
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. To appear in MNRAS. On-line supplementary material available on request from first author
Finite-size scaling analysis of the conductivity of Dirac electrons on a surface of disordered topological insulators
Creators: name: Takane, Yositake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional (2D) massless Dirac electrons appear on a surface of three-dimensional topological insulators. The conductivity of such a 2D Dirac electron system is studied for strong topological insulators in the case of the Fermi level being located at the Dirac point. The average conductivity $\langleσ\rangle$ is numerically calculated for a system of length $L$ and width $W$ under the periodic or antiperiodic boundary condition in the transverse direction, and its behavior is analyzed by applying a finite-size scaling approach. It is shown that $\langleσ\rangle$ is minimized at the clean limit, where it becomes scale-invariant and depends only on $L/W$ and the boundary condition. It is also shown that once disorder is introduced, $\langleσ\rangle$ monotonically increases with increasing $L$. Hence, the system becomes a perfect metal in the limit of $L \to \infty$ except at the clean limit, which should be identified as an unstable fixed point. Although the scaling curve of $\langleσ\rangle$ strongly depends on $L/W$ and the boundary condition near the unstable fixed point, it becomes almost independent of them with increasing $\langleσ\rangle$, implying that it asymptotically obeys a universal law.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Universality class of Ising critical states with long-range losses
Creators: name: Marino, Jamir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that spatial resolved dissipation can act on $d$-dimensional spin systems in the Ising universality class by qualitatively modifying the nature of their critical points. We consider power-law decaying spin losses with a Lindbladian spectrum closing at small momenta as $\propto q^α$, with $α$ a positive tunable exponent directly related to the power-law decay of the spatial profile of losses at long distances, $1/r^{(α+d)}$. This yields a class of soft modes asymptotically decoupled from dissipation at small momenta, which are responsible for the emergence of a critical scaling regime ascribable to the non-unitary counterpart of the universality class of long-range interacting Ising models. For $α<1$ we find a non-equilibrium critical point ruled by a dynamical field theory described by a Langevin model with coexisting inertial ($\sim {\partial^2_t}$) and frictional ($\sim {\partial_t}$) kinetic coefficients, and driven by a gapless Markovian noise with variance $\propto q^α$ at small momenta. This effective field theory is beyond the Halperin-Hohenberg description of dynamical criticality, and its critical exponents differ from their unitary long-range counterparts. Our work lays out perspectives for a revision of universality in driven-open systems by employing dark states taylored by programmable dissipation.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Mapping the provision of Meals on Wheels services in England: a scoping review
Creators: name: Cameron, Ailsa
name: Papadaki, Angeliki
name: Rayne Roberts
name: Patsios, Demi
name: Thorn, Joanna
name: Willis, Paul
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nutrition
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Social Welfare
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Social Policy
subject: community meals
subject: Meals on Wheels
subject: Social care provision

description: Meals on Wheels (MoWs) provide daily meals and social contact to adults who need support to live in the community. Many adults in England need help with shopping for food and preparing meals. MoWs could be essential for these individuals. In addition, MoWs could potentially lead to considerable savings for adult social care services and the NHS. However, many councils in England have stopped providing MoWs because of cuts in social care budgets. This leaves many individuals unable to access this essential service. To complicate matters further, there is no single model of MoWs provision. This makes it difficult to establish an evidence base to inform discussions about the role MoWs services have in contemporary social care. The proposed scoping review will explore the number and types of existing MoWs provision models that operate in England, which will help offer a comprehensive picture of provision of meals services for adults with care and support needs.
Disorder-driven topological phase transition in Bi2Se3 films
Creators: name: Brahlek, Matthew
name: Koirala, Nikesh
name: Salehi, Maryam
name: Moon, Jisoo
name: Zhang, Wenhan
name: Li, Haoxiang
name: Zhou, Xiaoqing
name: Han, Myung-Geun
name: Wu, Liang
name: Emge, Thomas
name: Lee, Hang-Dong
name: Xu, Can
name: Rhee, Seuk Joo
name: Gustafsson, Torgny
name: Armitage, N. P.
name: Zhu, Yimei
name: Dessau, Daniel S.
name: Wu, Weida
name: Oh, Seongshik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators (TI) are a phase of matter that host unusual metallic states on their surfaces. Unlike the states that exist on the surface of conventional materials, these so-called topological surfaces states (TSS) are protected against disorder-related localization effects by time reversal symmetry through strong spin-orbit coupling. By combining transport measurements, angle-resolved photo-emission spectroscopy and scanning tunneling microscopy, we show that there exists a critical level of disorder beyond which the TI Bi2Se3 loses its ability to protect the metallic TSS and transitions to a fully insulating state. The absence of the metallic surface channels dictates that there is a change in topological character, implying that disorder can lead to a topological phase transition even without breaking the time reversal symmetry. This observation challenges the conventional notion of topologically-protected surface states, and will provoke new studies as to the fundamental nature of topological phase of matter in the presence of disorder.
description: Accepted in PRB
A new form of QCD coherence for multiple soft emissions using Glauber-SCET
Creators: name: Pathak, Aditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The amplitude for multiple soft gluon emissions, ordered in their relative softness, can be written as a product of infrared (IR) divergent loop-expanded soft gluon currents and the matrix elements. In a more recent work, Angeles-Martinez, Forshaw and Seymour \cite{Angeles-Martinez:2016dph} (AMFS) showed that the result for this amplitude can in fact be re-expressed in an ordered evolution approach, involving \textit{IR finite} one-loop insertions where the virtual loop momentum is constrained in a highly non-trivial way by the $k_T$ of the adjacent real emissions. The result thus exhibits a novel amplitude level QCD coherence where the IR divergences originating only from the very last, softest, gluon emission remain, and the rest cancel. The proof of the AMFS result at one-loop in QCD, however, involves many diagrams, and only after carefully grouping and summing over all the diagrams does the correct ordering variable emerge, making the higher order extension a challenging task. Moreover, the compact, Markovian nature of the final AMFS result is suggestive of a deeper underlying physics that is obscured in the derivation using traditional diagrammatic QCD. By considering a (recursive) sequence of effective field theories (EFTs) with Glauber-SCET operators, we present an elegant derivation of this result involving only a handful of diagrams. The SCET derivation offers clean physical insights, and makes a higher order extension of the AMFS result tractable. We also show that the grouping of QCD graphs necessary to derive the AMFS result in full theory is already implicit in the Feynman rules of Glauber-SCET operators such that the same result can alternatively be derived with significantly less effort in a single EFT with multiple ordered soft gluon emissions.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures; Journal version: Improved presentation, fixed typos and minus sign errors, improved notation, BONUS: An appendix on derivation of Glauber SCET Feynman rules. Conclusions unchanged
Quantum optical metrology in the lossy $SU(2)$ and $SU(1,1)$ interferometers
Creators: name: Gao, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phase sensitivity in the conventional $SU(2)$ and nonconventional $SU(1,1)$ interferometers with the coherent and squeezed vacuum input state via the quantum Cramer-Rao bound. We explicitly construct the detection scheme that gives the optimal phase sensitivity. For practical purposes, we show that in the presence of photon loss, both interferometers with proper homodyne detections, are nearly optimal. We also find that unlike the coherent state and squeezed vacuum state, the effects of the imperfect detector on the phase sensitivity cannot be asymptotically removed for a generic coherent-squeezed state by increasing the amplifier gain of the OPA.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, the errors due to the incorrected expression of a matrix are corrected, more references are added
Supplement of Ambient PM2.5 components are associated with bone strength evidence from a China multi-ethnic study
Creators: name: 阎虹宇, Hongyu
name: Tang, Wenge
name: Wang, Lele
name: Huang, Shourui
name: Lin, Hualiang
name: Gu, Lingxi
name: He, Congyuan
name: Dai, Yingxue
name: Yang, La
name: Pengcuo, Ciren
name: Qin, Zixiu
name: Meng, Qiong
name: Guo, Bing
name: Zhao, Xing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplement of Ambient PM2.5 components are associated with bone strength evidence from a China multi-ethnic study
The ecology of organic debris dams in an upland stream in Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: Day, Melinda Kay.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
GR-GSG Hybrid Gravity
Creators: name: Kan, Nahomi
name: Maki, Takuya
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a model of gravity in which a General Relativity metric tensor and an effective metric generated from a single scalar formulated in Geometric Scalar Gravity are mixed. We show that the model yields the exact Schwarzschild solution, along with accelerating behavior of scale factors in cosmological solutions.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures. Reference added
Mahler Measure for a Quiver Symphony
Creators: name: Bao, Jiakang
name: He, Yang-Hui
name: Zahabi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Adopting the Mahler measure from number theory, we introduce it to toric quiver gauge theories, and study some of its salient features and physical implications. We propose that the Mahler measure is a universal measure for the quiver, encoding its dynamics with the monotonic behaviour along a so-called Mahler flow including two special points at isoradial and tropical limits. Along the flow, the amoeba, from tropical geometry, provides geometric interpretations for the dynamics of the quiver. In the isoradial limit, the maximization of Mahler measure is shown to be equivalent to $a$-maximization. The Mahler measure and its derivative are closely related to the master space, leading to the property that the specular duals have the same functions as coefficients in their expansions, hinting the emergence of a free theory in the tropical limit. Moreover, they indicate the existence of phase transition. We also find that the Mahler measure should be invariant under Seiberg duality.
description: 52 pages; v2: minor corrections and references added
Die Physikalisch-Technische Reichsanstalt (PTR) in Thüringen (Auszug aus: PTB-Mitteilungen 2013, Band 123, Heft 1. ISSN 0030-834X)
Creators: name: Bussemer, Peter
name: Müller, Jürgen
name: Dörfer, Ronny
name: Gleichmann, Markus
name: Silbermann, Elisa
name: Bunk, Philip
name: Eckstein, Franz
name: Göwert, Ingrid
name: Göwert, Edgar
name: Grusdeva, Elena Nikolaevna
name: Ginak, Elena Borisovna
name: Häßner, Kurt
name: Häßner, Gudrun
name: Roth, Martin
name: Karlsch, Rainer
name: Möbius, Klaus
name: Karg, Heike
name: Simon, Jens
Publisher: name: Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB)
Year: 2015

description: PTB-Mitteilungen. Band 123 (2013), Heft 3, Seite 1 - 118. ISSN 0030-834X
Two-dimensional collective Hamiltonian for chiral and wobbling modes
Creators: name: Chen, Q. B.
name: Zhang, S. Q.
name: Zhao, P. W.
name: Jolos, R. V.
name: Meng, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A two-dimensional collective Hamiltonian (2DCH) on both azimuth and polar motions in triaxial nuclei is proposed to investigate the chiral and wobbling modes. In the 2DCH, the collective potential and the mass parameters are determined from three-dimensional tilted axis cranking (TAC) calculations. The broken chiral and signature symmetries in the TAC solutions are restored by the 2DCH. The validity of the 2DCH is illustrated with a triaxial rotor ($γ=-30^\circ$) coupling to one $h_{11/2}$ proton particle and one $h_{11/2}$ neutron hole. By diagonalizing the 2DCH, the angular momenta and energy spectra are obtained. These results agree with the exact solutions of the particle rotor model (PRM) at high rotational frequencies. However, at low frequencies, the energies given by the 2DCH are larger than those by the PRM due to the underestimation of the mass parameters. In addition, with increasing angular momentum, the transitions from the chiral vibration to chiral rotation and further to longitudinal wobbling motion have been presented in the 2DCH.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Short and long-term effects of a catastrophic wildfire on families of Order Coleoptera (Beetles) in Eucalyptus regnans forest in the Central Highlands of Victoria
Creators: name: Collett, N. G. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Noiseless quantum measurement and squeezing of microwave fields utilizing mechanical vibrations
Creators: name: Ockeloen-Korppi, C. F.
name: Damskägg, E.
name: Pirkkalainen, J. -M.
name: Heikkilä, T. T.
name: Massel, F.
name: Sillanpää, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A process which strongly amplifies both quadrature amplitudes of an oscillatory signal necessarily adds noise. Alternatively, if the information in one quadrature is lost in phase-sensitive amplification, it is possible to completely reconstruct the other quadrature. Here we demonstrate such a nearly perfect phase-sensitive measurement using a cavity optomechanical scheme, characterized by an extremely small noise less than 0.2 quanta. We also observe microwave radiation strongly squeezed by 8 dB below vacuum. A source of bright squeezed microwaves opens up applications in manipulations of quantum systems, and noiseless amplification can be used even at modest cryogenic temperatures.
description: 5 pages + supplementary
Mode-selective ballistic pathway to a metastable electronic phase
Creators: name: Böckmann, Hannes
name: Horstmann, Jan Gerrit
name: Razzaq, Abdus Samad
name: Wippermann, Stefan
name: Ropers, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting vibrational excitation for the dynamic control of material properties is an attractive goal with wide-ranging technological potential. Most metal-to-insulator transitions are mediated by few structural modes and are thus ideal candidates for the selective driving towards a desired electronic phase. Such targeted navigation within a generally multi-dimensional potential energy landscape requires microscopic insight into the non equilibrium pathway. However, the exact role of coherent inertial motion across the transition state has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate mode-selective control over the metal-to-insulator phase transition of atomic indium wires on the Si(111) surface, monitored by ultrafast low-energy electron diffraction. We use tailored pulse sequences to individually enhance or suppress key phonon modes and thereby steer the collective atomic motion within the potential energy surface underlying the structural transformation. Ab initio molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate the ballistic character of the structural transition along the deformation vectors of the Peierls amplitude modes. Our work illustrates that coherent excitation of collective modes via exciton-phonon interactions evades entropic barriers and enables the dynamic control of materials functionality.
Susceptibilities from a black hole engineered EoS with a critical point
Creators: name: Portillo, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Currently at the Beam Energy Scan at RHIC experimental efforts are being made to find the QCD critical point. On the theoretical side, the behavior of higher-order susceptibilities of the net-baryon charge from Lattice QCD at $μ_{_B}\!=\!0$ may allow us to estimate the position of the critical point in the QCD phase diagram. However, even if the series expansion continues to higher-orders, there is always the possibility to miss the critical point behavior due to truncation errors. An alternative approach is to use a black hole engineered holographic model, which displays a critical point at large densities and matches lattice susceptibilities at $μ_{_B}\!=\!0$. Using the thermodynamic data from this black hole model, we obtain the freeze-out points extracted from the net-protons distribution measured at STAR and explore higher order fluctuations at the lowest energies at the beam energy scan to investigate signatures of the critical point.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, contribution to the proceedings of Hot Quarks 2016 conference at South Padre Island, TX, USA
New highly precise weak gravitational lensing flexions measurement method based on ERA method
Creators: name: Okura, Yuki
name: Futamase, Toshifumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing flexions are a kind of weak lensing distortion which are defined as the spin 1 and spin 3 combinations of the third order derivatives of gravitational lensing potential. Since the shear has spin 2 combination of the second order derivative, the flexion signal gives a partly independent information from shear signal and is more sensitive to the local mass distribution than shear signal. Thus its measurement is expected to play important roles in observational cosmology. However, since the weakness of the flexion signal as well as the complicatedness of its intrinsic noise made its accurate observation very difficult. We propose a new method of measuring the flexion signal using ERA method which is a method to measure weak lensing shear without any approximation. We find two particular combinations of the flexions which provide the quantities with only lensing information and free of intrinsic noise when taken average. It is confirmed by simple numerical simulation that the statistical average of these combinations do not in fact depend on the strength of the intrinsic distortion.
Spectral evolution of gaseous exoplanet atmospheres due to hydrodynamic escape
Creators: name: Louca, Amy
name: Yamila Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The evolution of stars on grand time-scales affect their surroundings in many ways. Due to their intrinsic rotation, causing strong magnetic activity, they vary greatly in radiative activity in X-ray and ultraviolet (XUV) throughout their lifetime. Planets orbiting these stars close-in could, consequently, be affected by these drastic radiative changes. Close-in exoplanet atmospheres heat up due to XUV radiation from the host-star, resulting in bulk motion of light particles. This extreme flow of light particles escaping the atmosphere is also known as hydrodynamic escape. In this work we look at how extreme hydrodynamic escape affects the metallicity of planetary atmospheres in a large population study. By coupling thermal evolution codes to radiative and chemical kinetics codes, we show that CO2 and SO2 features can be found in the transmission spectrum of exoplanet atmospheres as a consequence of millions to billions of years of extreme hydrodynamic escape. With the successful launch of the James Webb Space Telescope we are now able to look ever so closely at hydrodynamical escape processes and its effect on exoplanet atmospheres. Recent observations on WASP 39b have shown prominent CO2 features in the transmission spectra (Ahrer et al. 2022), hinting that the planet underwent metallicity enhancement at some point throughout its lifetime. Using our models we are now able to connect such features to escape models and describe the evolving history of exoplanets.
Heat trace for Laplacian type operators with non-scalar symbols
Creators: name: Iochum, Bruno
name: Masson, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For an elliptic selfadjoint operator $P =-[u^{μν}\partial_μ\partial_ν+v^ν\partial_ν+w]$ acting on a fiber bundle over a Riemannian manifold, where $u,v^μ,w$ are $N\times N$-matrices, we develop a method to compute the heat-trace coefficients $a_r$ which allows to get them by a pure computational machinery. It is exemplified in dimension 4 by the value of $a_1$ written both in terms of $u,v^μ,w$ or diffeomorphic and gauge invariants. We also answer to the question: when is it possible to get explicit formulae for $a_r$?
description: 37 pages. v2: misprints corrected, references added, section 5.4 added
Novel First-Principles Insights into Graphene Fluorination
Creators: name: Malakoutikhah, Tahereh
name: Hashemifar, S. Javad
name: Alaei, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comprehensive first-principles calculations are performed on diverse arrangements of relevant chemical defects in fluorographene to provide accurate microscopic insights into the process of graphene fluorination. The minimum energy paths for the half- and full-fluorination processes are calculated for a better understanding of these phenomena. While experimental observations indicate a much slower rate of the full-fluorination process, compared with the half-fluorination one, the obtained energy profiles demonstrate much enhanced fluorine adsorption after the half-fluorination stage. This ambiguity is explained in terms of significant chemical activation of the graphene sheet after half-fluorination, which remarkably facilitates the formation of chemical contaminants in the system and thus substantially slows down the full-fluorination procedure. After considering the binding energy and durability of the relevant chemical species, including hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen molecules and xenon atom, it is argued that oxygen-fluorine ligands are the most likely chemical contaminants opposing the full-fluorination of a graphene sheet. We propose an oxygen desorption mechanism for the atomic description of the full-fluorination procedure in realistic situations. It is argued that the proposed mechanism explains well much enhanced rate of the full-fluorination procedure at elevated temperatures.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Effect of ejaculation on the maturation and transport of spermatozoa in the rabbit epididymis
Creators: name: Huq, M. A. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
HEI: hybrid explicit-implicit learning for multiscale problems
Creators: name: Efendiev, Yalchin
name: Leung, Wing Tat
name: Lin, Guang
name: Zhang, Zecheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Splitting is a method to handle application problems by splitting physics, scales, domain, and so on. Many splitting algorithms have been designed for efficient temporal discretization. In this paper, our goal is to use temporal splitting concepts in designing machine learning algorithms and, at the same time, help splitting algorithms by incorporating data and speeding them up. Since the spitting solution usually has an explicit and implicit part, we will call our method hybrid explicit-implict (HEI) learning. We will consider a recently introduced multiscale splitting algorithms. To approximate the dynamics, only a few degrees of freedom are solved implicitly, while others explicitly. In this paper, we use this splitting concept in machine learning and propose several strategies. First, the implicit part of the solution can be learned as it is more difficult to solve, while the explicit part can be computed. This provides a speed-up and data incorporation for splitting approaches. Secondly, one can design a hybrid neural network architecture because handling explicit parts requires much fewer communications among neurons and can be done efficiently. Thirdly, one can solve the coarse grid component via PDEs or other approximation methods and construct simpler neural networks for the explicit part of the solutions. We discuss these options and implement one of them by interpreting it as a machine translation task. This interpretation successfully enables us using the Transformer since it can perform model reduction for multiple time series and learn the connection. We also find that the splitting scheme is a great platform to predict the coarse solution with insufficient information of the target model: the target problem is partially given and we need to solve it through a known problem. We conduct four numerical examples and the results show that our method is stable and accurate.
Pulsar bi-drifting: implications for polar cap geometry
Creators: name: Wright, Geoff
name: Weltevrede, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For many years it has been considered puzzling how pulsar radio emission, supposedly created by a circulating carousel of sub-beams, can produce the driftbands demonstrated by PSR J0815+09, and more recently PSR B1839-04, which simultaneously drift in opposing directions. Here we suggest that the carousels of these pulsars, and hence their beams, are not circular but elliptical with axes tilted with respect to the fiducial plane. We show that certain relatively unusual lines of sight can cause bi-drifting to be observed, and a simulation of the two known exemplars is presented. Although bi-drifting is rare, non-circular beams may be common among pulsars and reveal themselves by having profile centroids displaced from the fiducial plane identified by polarisation position angle swings. They may also result in profiles with asymmetric and frequency-dependent component evolution. It is further suggested that the carousels may change their tilt by specific amounts and later reverse them. This may occur suddenly, accompanying a mode change (e.g. PSR B0943+10), or more gradually and short-lived as in "flare" pulsars (e.g. PSR B1859+07). A range of pulsar behaviour (e.g. the shifting drift patterns of PSRs B0818-41 and B0826-34) may also be the result of non-circular carousels with varying orientation. The underlying nature of these carousels - whether they are exclusively generated by polar cap physics or driven by magnetospheric effects - is briefly discussed.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS, updated acknowledgements
Contact processes with random recovery rates and edge weights on complete graphs
Creators: name: Xue, Xiaofeng
name: Pan, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we are concerned with the contact process with random recovery rates and edge weights on complete graph with $n$ vertices. We show that the model has a critical value which is inversely proportional to the product of the mean of the edge weight and the mean of the inverse of the recovery rate. In the subcritical case, the process dies out before a moment with order $O(\log n)$ with high probability as $n\rightarrow+\infty$. In the supercritical case, the process survives at a moment with order $\exp\{O(n)\}$ with high probability as $n\rightarrow+\infty$. Our proof for the subcritical case is inspired by the graphical method introduced in \cite{Har1978}. Our proof for the supercritical case is inspired by approach introduced in \cite{Pet2011}, which deal with the case where the contact process is with random vertex weights.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Geometry-Based Stochastic Line-of-Sight Probability Model for A2G Channels under Urban Scenarios
Creators: name: Zhu, Qiuming
name: Bai, Fei
name: Pang, Minghui
name: Li, Jie
name: Zhong, Weizhi
name: Chen, Xiaomin
name: Mao, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Line-of-sight (LoS) path is essential for the reliability of air-to-ground (A2G) communications, but the existence of LoS path is difficult to predict due to random obstacles on the ground. Based on the statistical geographic information and Fresnel clearance zone, a general stochastic LoS probability model for three-dimensional (3D) A2G channels under urban scenarios is developed. By considering the factors, i.e., building height distribution, building width, building space, carrier frequency, and transceiver's heights, the proposed model is suitable for different frequencies and altitudes. Moreover, in order to get a closed-form expression and reduce the computational complexity, an approximate parametric model is also built with the machine-learning (ML) method to estimate model parameters. The simulation results show that the proposed model has good consistency with existing models at the low altitude. When the altitude increases, it has better performance by comparing with that of the ray-tracing Monte-Carlo simulation data. The analytical results of proposed model are helpful for the channel modeling and performance analysis such as cell coverage, outage probability, and bit error rate in A2G communications.
description: 10 pages and 12 figures
Structure, metamorphism and metasomatism of the Duffers Range and Armanda Sill area, East Kimberley, Western Australia
Creators: name: Turnock, Kerry S. .
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Sentiment Analysis of Review Datasets Using Naive Bayes and K-NN Classifier
Creators: name: Dey, Lopamudra
name: Chakraborty, Sanjay
name: Biswas, Anuraag
name: Bose, Beepa
name: Tiwari, Sweta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advent of Web 2.0 has led to an increase in the amount of sentimental content available in the Web. Such content is often found in social media web sites in the form of movie or product reviews, user comments, testimonials, messages in discussion forums etc. Timely discovery of the sentimental or opinionated web content has a number of advantages, the most important of all being monetization. Understanding of the sentiments of human masses towards different entities and products enables better services for contextual advertisements, recommendation systems and analysis of market trends. The focus of our project is sentiment focussed web crawling framework to facilitate the quick discovery of sentimental contents of movie reviews and hotel reviews and analysis of the same. We use statistical methods to capture elements of subjective style and the sentence polarity. The paper elaborately discusses two supervised machine learning algorithms: K-Nearest Neighbour(K-NN) and Naive Bayes and compares their overall accuracy, precisions as well as recall values. It was seen that in case of movie reviews Naive Bayes gave far better results than K-NN but for hotel reviews these algorithms gave lesser, almost same accuracies.
description: Volume-8, Issue-4, pp.54-62, 2016
Modeling of Reduced Effective Secondary Electron Emission Yield from a Velvet Surface
Creators: name: Swanson, Charles
name: Kaganovich, Igor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complex structures on a material surface can significantly reduce total secondary electron emission from that surface. A velvet is a surface that consists of an array of vertically standing whiskers. The reduction occurs due to the capture of low-energy, true secondary electrons emitted at the bottom of the structure and on the sides of the velvet whiskers. We performed numerical simulations and developed an approximate analytical model that calculates the net secondary electron emission yield from a velvet surface as a function of the velvet whisker length and packing density, and the angle of incidence of primary electrons. We found that to suppress secondary electrons, the following condition on dimensionless parameters must be met: π/2 DA tan θ >> 1 where θ is the angle of incidence of the primary electron from the normal, D is the fraction of surface area taken up by the velvet whisker bases, and A is the aspect ratio, A {\equiv} h/r, the ratio of height to radius of the velvet whiskers. We find that velvets available today can reduce the secondary electron yield by 90% from the value of a flat surface. The values of optimal velvet whisker packing density that maximally suppresses secondary electron emission yield are determined as a function of velvet aspect ratio and electron angle of incidence.
description: 10 pages. Revisions added as per reviewers