cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The local Laplace transform of an elementary irregular meromorphic connection
Creators: name: Hien, Marco
name: Sabbah, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14D07, 34M40

description: We give a definition of the topological local Laplace transformation for a Stokes-filtered local system on the complex affine line and we compute in a topological way the Stokes data of the Laplace transform of a differential system of elementary type.
description: 56 pages, 21 figures. V2: Final version to appear in Rend. Sem. Mat. Univ. Padova
title: Classification of Cylinder Seals: A Reception History
Creators: name: Pelgrift, Henry
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Utilising a qualitative, case study approach, this work examines the history of the study of cylinder seals and systems for their classification through the lens of the six notable scholars who impacted those systems most, identifying a continuous, hierarchical system for cylinder seal classification in use since 1883. Two original methodologies are employed: an archaeological object biography methodology, identifying the primary lives (in antiquity) and secondary lives (in the last several centuries) of cylinder seals for an examination of these artefacts, as well as a separate methodology for understanding the major influences on the notable scholars in the context of the seals’ secondary lives. Following a brief history of the life and works of the notable scholars and other cylinder seal scholars, these two methodologies are applied to each notable scholar in case studies that analyse and determine which factors most likely influenced the scholar’s approach to classifying cylinder seals. Accomplishing this, the thesis examines digital approaches to cylinder seal studies, demonstrating that the notable scholars’ system endures for its utility as well as for tradition. This work also attempts to bridge the gap between cylinder seal studies and cuneiform text studies, while showing the viability of the hierarchical system in the digital age and beyond, and includes an examination of the capabilities that the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning for cylinder seal and cuneiform text studies may make possible.
Parvoviruses are inefficient in inducing interferon-beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, or interleukin-6 in mammalian cells
Creators: name: Schlehofer, J. R.
name: Rentrop, M.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Cell Transformation, Viral
subject: Fibroblasts/microbiology
subject: Hela Cells/microbiology
subject: Humans
subject: Interferon-beta/biosynthesis
subject: Interleukin-6/biosynthesis
subject: Mice
subject: Parvoviridae/physiology
subject: Transfection
subject: Tumor Cells, Cultured
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/biosynthesis

description: To investigate a possible role of cytokines in parvovirus-mediated suppression of tumorigenesis, we tested in cell culture whether parvoviruses are able to induce interferon (IFN)-beta, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha or interleukin-6 (IL-6). Infection of rodent or human cells with the parvoviruses minute virus of mice (MVM), H-1 or adeno-associated virus (AAV) types 2 or 5 failed to induce expression of the luciferase or beta-galactosidase reporter genes transfected into these cells as constructs containing an IFN-beta promoter. Parvoviruses did weakly induce synthesis of TNF-alpha and of IL-6 in cell culture and could slightly enhance synthesis of these cytokines when induced by other agents. These in vitro data suggest that the rather unspecific tumor-suppressive properties of parvoviruses are unlikely to be attributable to stimulation of the synthesis of IFN, TNF or IL-6.
Sino-African journalism and journalistic fields: CGTN Africa’s workers between worlds
Creators: name: Boughen, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2023

description: Much academic criticism and public-political opinion has been made of China’s “going out” in Africa, and particularly of its media apparatus’ role in this project. But there has been little concerted research into the forces that influence production at these news organisations. Why do they produce the news they do? Why do the journalists that work for them choose to do so? Drawing on almost fifty hours of semi-structure interviews and life histories with staff at one of these Sino-African news organisations, CGTN Africa, I will seek to explain and theorise its production of news. This thesis argues that field theory, as proposed by Pierre Bourdieu, can provide a useful theoretical basis for studying the particular context of news production at CGTN Africa, and can contribute to wider understandings of international news production. Bourdieusian concepts such as habitus, capital, and field, are helpful analytical tools to explain the processes of work at an organisation like CGTN Africa, but also need considerable adaptation to the specificities of the context of this case study. The analysis is presented in four chapters, the first three of which use the prism of differing vertical layers of field to interrogate the practice of CGTN Africa and its journalists: the global field, where CGTN competes with its international competitors; national fields, where journalists themselves emanate from; and urban fields, where news organisations tend to be based. The final analysis chapter then considers the overlapping of these layers of fields, and the unique patterns of practice this can produce. In the case of each layer, the context of news production at CGTN Africa is used to reflect back on Bourdieu’s “thinking tools,” and propose novel theoretical approaches to studying international news production. It first considers how competing heteronomies work to protect unique forms of journalistic practice at CGTN Africa. Second, how journalists interact with forms of capital emanating from competing national fields, developing new dispositions to engage with their work. Third, it considers how social position within journalistic fields relates to physical mobility and geographic positioning within and in relation to urban environments. And finally, it reflects on the role of race and racism in the day-to-day work and career trajectories of journalists working for international news organisations. Together, these analyses argue that, when used reflexively, field theory provides a fruitful toolkit for researchers investigating journalistic practice in a wider variety of contexts.
Classifying Supersymmetric Solutions in 3D Maximal Supergravity
Creators: name: de Boer, Jan
name: Mayerson, Daniel R.
name: Shigemori, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory contains various extended objects. Among those, objects of codimension two (such as the D7-brane) are particularly interesting. Codimension two objects carry non-Abelian charges which are elements of a discrete U-duality group and they may not admit a simple space-time description, in which case they are known as exotic branes. A complete classification of consistent codimension two objects in string theory is missing, even if we demand that they preserve some supersymmetry. As a step toward such a classification, we study the supersymmetric solutions of 3D maximal supergravity, which can be regarded as approximate description of the geometry near codimension two objects. We present a complete classification of the types of supersymmetric solutions that exist in this theory. We found that this problem reduces to that of classifying nilpotent orbits associated with the U-duality group, for which various mathematical results are known. We show that the only allowed supersymmetric configurations are 1/2, 1/4, 1/8, and 1/16 BPS, and determine the nilpotent orbits that they correspond to. One example of 1/16 BPS configurations is a generalization of the MSW system, where momentum runs along the intersection of seven M5-branes. On the other hand, it turns out exceedingly difficult to translate this classification into a simple criterion for supersymmetry in terms of the non-Abelian (monodromy) charges of the objects. For example, it can happen that a supersymmetric solution exists locally but cannot be extended all the way to the location of the object. To illustrate the various issues that arise in constructing supersymmetric solutions, we present a number of explicit examples.
description: 54 pages; v2: references added, few minor corrections, published version
Single-collision statistics reveal a global mechanism driven by sample history for contact electrification in granular media
Creators: name: Grosjean, Galien
name: Waitukaitis, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models for same-material contact electrification in granular media often rely on a local charge-driving parameter whose spatial variations lead to a stochastic origin for charge exchange. Measuring the charge transfer from individual granular spheres after contacts with substrates of the same material, we find that the charge-driving parameter is global, not local. Cleaning and baking samples fully resets their charging behavior, which indicates the underlying global parameter is not intrinsic to the material, but acquired from its history. Charging behavior is randomly and irreversibly affected by changes in relative humidity, pointing to a mechanism where adsorbates, in particular water, are fundamental to the charge-transfer process.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Supplemental information: 3 pages, 2 figures and 2 supplemental videos
Optimality Conditions and Moreau-Yosida Regularization for Almost Sure State Constraints
Creators: name: Geiersbach, Caroline
name: Hintermüller, Michael
Publisher: name: Paris : EDP Sciences
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Convex stochastic optimization in Banach spaces
subject: Duality
subject: Optimality conditions
subject: Optimization in Banach spaces
subject: PDE-constrained optimization under uncertainty
subject: Regularization
subject: Two-stage stochastic optimization
subject: 510

description: We analyze a potentially risk-averse convex stochastic optimization problem, where the control is deterministic and the state is a Banach-valued essentially bounded random variable. We obtain strong forms of necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for problems subject to equality and conical constraints. We propose a Moreau-Yosida regularization for the conical constraint and show consistency of the optimality conditions for the regularized problem as the regularization parameter is taken to infinity.
Current activities of the ELIXIR Machine Learning Focus Group
Creators: name: Psomopoulos, Fotis
name: Capriotti, Emidio
name: Queralt-Rosinach, Núria
name: Machine Learning Focus Group Tasks Participants
name: Castro, Leyla Jael
name: Tosatto, Silvio
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2024

description: Motivations

Machine Learning (ML) has emerged as a discipline that enables computers to assist humans in making sense of large and complex data sets. With the drop in the cost of high-throughput technologies, large amounts of omics data are being generated and made accessible to researchers. Analyzing these complex high-volume data is not trivial, and the use of classical statistics cannot explore their full potential. Machine Learning can thus be very useful in mining large omics datasets to uncover new insights that can consequently lead to the advancement of Life Sciences.



Aims

The main aims of ELIXIR Machine Learning Focus  Group (MLFG) is to increase the reproducibility and transparency of ML methods for researchers, the journal reviewers and the wider community. One of the most pressing issues is to agree to a standardized data structure to describe the most relevant features of ML studies being published. The development of standardized reporting model has the potential to make a major impact in increasing the quality of ML-based publications. 



Results

Our focus group was initiated in October 2019, in order to capture the emerging need in Machine Learning expertise across the network. The main result so far is the DOME Recommendations, a set of community-wide recommendations for reporting supervised machine learning–based analyses applied to biological studies.



Tasks

Currently the ELIXIR Machine Learning Focus Group is working on three main tasks:

(1) using the DOME recommendations to annotate relevant literature in order to gain insights into the level of adherence to DOME;

(2) evaluating the gold standard datasets widely used in ML process in order to define and describe the aspects of a gold standard with particular focus on human data;

(3) reviewing the efforts around synthetic data in order to establish a set of best practices for their use and application in ML
The Large Array Survey Telescope -- Science Goals
Creators: name: Ben-Ami, S.
name: Ofek, E. O.
name: Polishook, D.
name: Franckowiak, A.
name: Hallakoun, N.
name: Segre, E.
name: Shvartzvald, Y.
name: Strotjohann, N. L.
name: Yaron, O.
name: Aharonson, O.
name: Arcavi, I.
name: Berge, David
name: Fallah Ramazani, V.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Garrappa, S.
name: Hershko, O.
name: Nir, G.
name: Ohm, S.
name: Rybicki, K.
name: Segev, N.
name: Shani, Y. M.
name: Sofer-Rimalt, Y.
name: Weimann, S.
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: beam, width
pixel
electromagnetic
modular
semiconductor detector
gravitational radiation

description: The Large Array Survey Telescope (LAST) is designed to survey the variable and transient sky at high temporal cadence. The array is comprised of 48 F/2.2 telescopes of 27.9cm aperture, coupled to full-frame backside-illuminated cooled CMOS detectors with $3.76$$\mu$m pixels, resulting in a pixel scale of $1.25\mathrm{arcsec}$. A single telescope with a field of view of $7.4\mathrm{deg}^2$ reaches a $5\sigma$ limiting magnitude of $19.6$ in $20$s. LAST 48 telescopes are mounted on 12 independent mounts -- a modular design which allows us to conduct optimized parallel surveys. Here we provide a detailed overview of the LAST survey strategy and its key scientific goals. These include the search for gravitational-wave (GW) electromagnetic counterparts with a system that can cover the uncertainty regions of the next-generation GW detectors in a single exposure, the study of planetary systems around white dwarfs, and the search for near-Earth objects. LAST is currently being commissioned, with full scientific operations expected in mid 2023. This paper is accompanied by two complementary publications in this issue, giving an overview of the system (Ofek et al. 2023a) and of the dedicated data reduction pipeline (Ofek et al. 2023b).
Linnik's approximation to Goldbach's conjecture, and other problems
Creators: name: Platt, Dave
name: Trudgian, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P32

description: We examine the problem of writing every sufficiently large even number as the sum of two primes and at most $K$ powers of 2. We outline an approach that only just falls short of improving the current bounds on $K$. Finally, we improve the estimates in other Waring--Goldbach problems.
description: Second version: 10 pages, another problem added
Lung-restricted activation of the alveolar macrophage/monocyte system in pulmonary sarcoidosis
Creators: name: Müller-Quernheim, J.
name: Pfeifer, S.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
name: Strausz, J.
name: Ferlinz, R.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Humans
subject: Interleukin-1/secretion
subject: Interleukin-2/secretion
subject: Leukocytes, Mononuclear/secretion
subject: Lung Diseases/metabolism
subject: Lymphocyte Activation
subject: Macrophage Activation
subject: Macrophages, Alveolar/secretion
subject: Monocytes/immunology
subject: Receptors, Interleukin-2/metabolism
subject: Sarcoidosis/metabolism
subject: Time Factors
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/secretion

description: An activation of T-cells that is restricted to the lung has been demonstrated in pulmonary sarcoidosis. The role of blood monocytes (MO) and alveolar macrophages (AM) in this concept of compartmentalized inflammation has not yet been evaluated. In order to elucidate this question, we measured the release of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF alpha) and interleukin-1 (IL-1) by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) and AM in 43 patients with sarcoidosis (32 with active, 11 with inactive disease) without therapy and correlated the spontaneous monokine release to parameters of the T-cell alveolitis and the course of the disease. TNF alpha as well as IL-1 were spontaneously released by AM of the active group, i.e., 2,385 +/- 735 pg/ml/10(8) cells/24 h and 7/12 (IL-1+/total), respectively. Autologous PBMNC were quiescent, releasing only baseline levels of any monokine. AM were not activated in the inactive group, releasing 500 +/- 212 pg/ml/10(6) cells/24 h TNF alpha, whereas 1/5 were IL-1-positive (p less than 0.05 in both comparisons), which is within the range of the control group. Kinetic experiments revealed that the TNF alpha gene of AM is activated in vivo, resulting in TNF alpha mRNA-positive, TNF alpha-releasing cells that, cultured in vitro, regulate the TNF alpha gene transcription down and cease to release TNF alpha. Interestingly, there is no stringent correlation between the spontaneous release of TNF alpha by AM and signs of T-cell activation as soluble interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor serum concentration, release of IL-2, and expression of IL-2 receptor by alveolar T-cells.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
A common epitope on human tumor necrosis factor alpha and the autoantigen 'S-antigen/arrestin' induces TNF-alpha production
Creators: name: Stiemer, R. H.
name: Westenfelder, U.
name: Gausepohl, H.
name: Mirshahi, M.
name: Gundt, A.
name: Frank, R. W.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies, Monoclonal
subject: Antigens/immunology
subject: Arrestin
subject: Autoantigens/immunology
subject: Cattle
subject: Epitopes/immunology
subject: Eye Proteins/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Immunoblotting
subject: Mice
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: Peptides/immunology
subject: Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/immunology
subject: Retinitis/immunology
subject: Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology
subject: Uveitis/immunology

description: A common epitope on S-antigen (arrestin), a potent autoantigen inducing experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), and on human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF alpha) was revealed using two monoclonal antibodies to S-antigen which inhibit EAU induction. The minimal common sequence for monoclonal antibody recognition is GVxLxD in the S-antigen/hTNF alpha amino acid sequences. Peptides containing this sequence motif exhibited monocyte activating capacity similar to the autocrine stimulatory capacity of hTNF alpha itself. In the S-antigen this activity was located from residue 40 to 50, corresponding to the peptide PVDGVVLVDPE (epitope S2). In hTNF alpha, the monocyte activating capacity correlated to residue 31 to 53, corresponding to the peptide RRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSE (peptide RRAN). The identified regions define common functional structures in the autoantigen and in the hTNF alpha molecule. The data suggest a regulatory function of this particular structure in TNF alpha expression and in autoimmunity.
Cytokine induction by immunomodulatory epitopes in S-antigen and tumor necrosis factor alpha
Creators: name: Stiemer, R. H.
name: Westenfelder, U.
name: de Kozak, Y.
name: Gausepohl, H.
name: Mirshahi, M.
name: Frank, R. W.
name: Faure, J. P.
name: Männel, Daniela N.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1992
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Amino Acid Sequence
subject: Animals
subject: Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic/immunology
subject: Antibodies, Monoclonal
subject: Antigens/immunology
subject: Arrestin
subject: Autoantigens/immunology
subject: Cross Reactions/immunology
subject: Cytokines/immunology
subject: Epitopes/immunology
subject: Eye Proteins/immunology
subject: Humans
subject: Molecular Sequence Data
subject: Monocytes/immunology
subject: Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology

description: Common epitopes on S-antigen (arrestin), a potent autoantigen inducing experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), and on human tumor necrosis factor alpha (hTNF alpha) are revealed with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to S-antigen, which inhibit EAU induction. The minimal common sequence for mAb recognition is GVxLxD in the S-antigen/hTNF alpha amino acid (aa) sequences. Peptides containing this sequence motif exhibit monocyte activating capacity analogous to the autocrine stimulatory capacity of hTNF alpha itself. In S-antigen this activity is located at epitope S2 (aa residues 40 to 50), corresponding to the peptide PVDGVVLVDPE (peptide S2). In hTNF alpha the monocyte activating capacity correlates to aa residue 31 to 53, corresponding to the peptide RRANALLANGVELRDNQLVVPSE (peptide RRAN). Peptide S2 but not peptide RRAN is competing for mAbs S6H8 and S2D2 binding to S-antigen. Anti-idiotypic antibodies to S2D2 compete with peptide S2 but not peptide RRAN for binding to mAbs S2D2 and S6H8. In human retinal S-antigen epitope S2 is localized at the aa residues 44-54 and is cleaved in the human peptide 4 (aa 31-50). Competition experiments with peptide 4 (aa 31-50) and peptide 5 (aa 41-60) indicate that the C-terminal aa residues VDPD in the epitope S2 play an important role for internal image recognition of the anti-idiotypic antibodies. Peptide S2 and peptide RRAN define common functional structures in the autoantigen and hTNF alpha molecules. The data suggest regulatory functions of the peptides in cytokine expression, network regulation and in autoimmunity.
Physics Reach of Atmospheric Neutrino Measurements at PINGU
Creators: name: Ge, Shao-Feng
name: Hagiwara, Kaoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of a huge underground water/ice Cherenkov detector, such as PINGU in IceCube, to the neutrino mass hierarchy, the atmospheric mixing angle and its octant, is studied in detail. Based on the event rate decomposition in the propagation basis, we illustrate the smearing effects from the neutrino scattering, the visible energy and zenith angle reconstruction procedures, the energy and angular resolutions, and the muon mis-identification rate, as well as the impacts of systematic errors in the detector resolutions, the muon mis-identification rate, and the overall normalization. The sensitivity, especially the mass hierarchy sensitivity, can be enhanced by splitting the muon-like events into two channels, according to the event inelasticity. We also show that including the cascade events can improve and stabilize the sensitivity of the measurements.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, to appear in JHEP
An alternative representation for pure symmetric states of qubits and its applications to entanglement classification
Creators: name: Mandilara, A.
name: Coudreau, T.
name: Keller, A.
name: Milman, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that the vast majority of symmetric states of qubits can be decomposed in a unique way into a superposition of spin 1/2 coherent states. For the case of two qubits, the proposed decomposition reproduces the Schmidt decomposition and therefore, in the case of a higher number of qubits, can be considered as its generalization. We analyze the geometrical aspects of the proposed representation and its invariant properties under the action of local unitary and local invertible transformations. As an application, we identify the most general classes of entanglement and representative states for any number of qubits in a symmetric state.
description: A qubit "flip" on the equations (13), (14) has been corrected. Equations (20), (21) have been modified in accordance
Evolution of Ozone Pollution in China: What Track Will It Follow?
Creators: name: Guo, Jia
name: Zhang, Xiaoshan
name: Gao, Yi
name: Wang, Zhangwei
name: Zhang, Meigen
name: Xue, Wenbo
name: Herrmann, Hartmut
name: Brasseur, Guy Pierre
name: Wang, Tao
name: Wang, Zhe
Publisher: name: Columbus, Ohio : American Chemical Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: air pollution mitigation
subject: diagnosis approach
subject: ozone formation regime
subject: ozone pollution
subject: ozone−precursor relationship
subject: 050
subject: 333.7

description: Increasing surface ozone (O3) concentrations has emerged as a key air pollution problem in many urban regions worldwide in the last decade. A longstanding major issue in tackling ozone pollution is the identification of the O3 formation regime and its sensitivity to precursor emissions. In this work, we propose a new transformed empirical kinetic modeling approach (EKMA) to diagnose the O3 formation regime using regulatory O3 and NO2 observation datasets, which are easily accessible. We demonstrate that mapping of monitored O3 and NO2 data on the modeled regional O3-NO2 relationship diagram can illustrate the ozone formation regime and historical evolution of O3 precursors of the region. By applying this new approach, we show that for most urban regions of China, the O3 formation is currently associated with a volatile organic compound (VOC)-limited regime, which is located within the zone of daytime-produced O3 (DPO3) to an 8h-NO2 concentration ratio below 8.3 ([DPO3]/[8h-NO2] ≤ 8.3). The ozone production and controlling effects of VOCs and NOx in different cities of China were compared according to their historical O3-NO2 evolution routes. The approach developed herein may have broad application potential for evaluating the efficiency of precursor controls and further mitigating O3 pollution, in particular, for regions where comprehensive photochemical studies are unavailable.
Development of a BMIDA Larock reaction and its application in total synthesis
Creators: name: Bell, George Edward
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Palladium catalysis
subject: Indoles
subject: Boron alkaloids
subject: QD505.B466
subject: Palladium catalysts
subject: Alkaloids--Synthesis
subject: Indole alkaloids--Synthesis

description: Indoles are ubiquitous in natural products and in pharmaceuticals. Methods for their synthesis range from the classic Fischer synthesis to more modern, transition metal-catalysed reactions. One such method of indole synthesis is the Larock reaction, where a 2-haloaniline (usually iodoaniline, although recently, Larock reactions using bromo- and chloro-anilines have been disclosed) reacts with an internal alkyne, in the presence of Pd catalyst and a base (a chloride additive is often beneficial) to give a 2,3-disubtituted indole. A key feature of the Larock indole synthesis is its excellent regioselectivity, if one of the groups on the alkyne is larger than the other. Work in this thesis concerns the Larock reaction of 2-iodoanilines and borylated alkynes to form 2,3-difunctionalised indoles bearing a useful synthetic linchpin, N-methyliminodiacetic acid boronic ester (BMIDA), at the 2-position. The second chapter of this thesis concerns the optimisation of this so-called BMIDA Larock reaction on a model substrate. These optimised conditions would be used to create a variety of indoles bearing varied functionality about the benzenoid core of the indole and at the C-3 of the indole, all with a BMIDA group at C-2 which is amenable to Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling. It was found that two sets of conditions would be required depending on whether the carbon attached to the C-3 of the indole product would be sp2 or sp3. It was discovered that the relatively bulky BMIDA group was large enough to leverage the regioselectivity of the Larock reaction, resulting in the BMIDA group being reliably placed at the C-2 of the indole products. The third chapter involves using this developed methodology in the total synthesis of indole alkaloids. Initially, three alkaloids were targeted, each of which were proposed to be made in just several steps from a common intermediate. However, two of these failed due to the inability to form a macrocycle in one, and unexpected reactivity during a ring-closing step in the other. The third alkaloid, Goniomitine, was successfully synthesised.
What controls the ionized gas turbulent motions in dwarf galaxies?
Creators: name: Moiseev, Alexei V.
name: Tikhonov, Anton V.
name: Klypin, Anatoly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 3D spectroscopy with a scanning Fabry-Perot interferometer, we study the ionized gas kinematics in 59 nearby dwarf galaxies. Combining our results with data from literature, we provide a global relation between the gas velocity dispersion (sigma) and the star formation rate (SFR) and Hαluminosity for galaxies in a very broad range of star formation rates SFR=0.001-300 Msun/yr. We find that the SFR-sigma relation for the combined sample of dwarf galaxies, star forming, local luminous, and ultra-luminous infrared galaxies can be fitted as sigma~ SFR^(5.3+-0.2). This implies that the slope of the L-sigma relation inferred from the sample of rotation supported disc galaxies (including mergers) is similar to the L-sigma relation of individual giant HII regions. We present arguments that the velocity dispersion of the ionized gas does not reflect the virial motions in the gravitational potential of dwarf galaxies, and instead is mainly determined by the energy injected into the interstellar medium by the ongoing star formation.
description: 15 pages, major revision of the previous version, accepted to MNRAS
Induction of tumor necrosis factor expression by a lectin from Viscum album
Creators: name: Männel, Daniela N.
name: Becker, H.
name: Gundt, A.
name: Kist, A.
name: Franz, H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Animals
subject: Blotting, Northern
subject: Cells, Cultured
subject: Cytotoxicity, Immunologic
subject: Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
subject: Humans
subject: Interleukin-1/biosynthesis
subject: Lectins/pharmacology
subject: Macrophages/metabolism
subject: Mice
subject: Mice, Inbred C3H
subject: Mistletoe
subject: Monocytes/metabolism
subject: Plant Extracts
subject: Plant Lectins
subject: Plants, Medicinal
subject: Polymyxin B/pharmacology
subject: RNA, Messenger/biosynthesis
subject: Staphylococcus aureus/immunology
subject: Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/immunology

description: A purified lectin (MLI) from Viscum album was used to test whether peripheral monocytes from human blood can be activated for the production of tumour necrosis factor (TNF). Cytotoxic activity was detected in the supernatant of MLI-stimulated monocyte cultures. This cytotoxic activity was completely inhibited by monoclonal antibodies to TNF alpha. Small amounts of soluble TNF protein were measured in a TNF alpha-specific enzyme-linked immunospecific assay system. Strong expression of TNF alpha mRNA was induced in human monocytes as well as in macrophage cultures from C3H/HeJ mice having a low response to endotoxin after 2 h of stimulation. Both chains of the MLI were found to induce TNF mRNA equally well in human monocytes. In macrophages of endotoxin-low-responder mice the toxic A chain was a better inducer of TNF mRNA than the galactose-specific lectin B chain. Thus, MLI has immunomodulating effects in activating monocytes/macrophages for inflammatory responses.
Quantum Computing for High-Energy Physics: State of the Art and Challenges. Summary of the QC4HEP Working Group
Creators: name: Di Meglio, Alberto
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Tavernelli, Ivano
name: Alexandrou, Constantia
name: Arunachalam, Srinivasan
name: Bauer, Christian W.
name: Borras, Kerstin
name: Carrazza, Stefano
name: Crippa, Arianna
name: Croft, Vincent
name: de Putter, Roland
name: Delgado, Andrea
name: Dunjko, Vedran
name: Egger, Daniel J.
name: Fernandez-Combarro, Elias
name: Fuchs, Elina
name: Funcke, Lena
name: Gonzalez-Cuadra, Daniel
name: Grossi, Michele
name: Halimeh, Jad C.
name: Holmes, Zoe
name: Kuhn, Stefan
name: Lacroix, Denis
name: Lewis, Randy
name: Lucchesi, Donatella
name: Lucio Martinez, Miriam
name: Meloni, Federico
name: Mezzacapo, Antonio
name: Montangero, Simone
name: Nagano, Lento
name: Radescu, Voica
name: Ortega, Enrique Rico
name: Roggero, Alessandro
name: Schuhmacher, Julian
name: Seixas, Joao
name: Silvi, Pietro
name: Spentzouris, Panagiotis
name: Tacchino, Francesco
name: Temme, Kristan
name: Terashi, Koji
name: Tura, Jordi
name: Tuysuz, Cenk
name: Vallecorsa, Sofia
name: Wiese, Uwe-Jens
name: Yoo, Shinjae
name: Zhang, Jinglei
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: computer, quantum
CERN LHC Coll, upgrade
hardware
CERN Lab
qubit
benchmark
numerical calculations

description: Quantum computers offer an intriguing path for a paradigmatic change of computing in the natural sciences and beyond, with the potential for achieving a so-called quantum advantage, namely a significant (in some cases exponential) speed-up of numerical simulations. The rapid development of hardware devices with various realizations of qubits enables the execution of small scale but representative applications on quantum computers. In particular, the high-energy physics community plays a pivotal role in accessing the power of quantum computing, since the field is a driving source for challenging computational problems. This concerns, on the theoretical side, the exploration of models which are very hard or even impossible to address with classical techniques and, on the experimental side, the enormous data challenge of newly emerging experiments, such as the upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. In this roadmap paper, led by CERN, DESY and IBM, we provide the status of high-energy physics quantum computations and give examples for theoretical and experimental target benchmark applications, which can be addressed in the near future. Having the IBM 100 x 100 challenge in mind, where possible, we also provide resource estimates for the examples given using error mitigated quantum computing.
title: International Insolvency Treatment: Promoting an Effective Harmonised Framework through Networked Governance
Creators: name: Purcell, Kerry
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2029

description: The principal objective of the international insolvency framework is to provide a universally 
accepted and unified approach to the governance of international insolvency. This thesis argues 
that due to the limitations of soft law in terms of implementation and compliance, the current 
international framework for governing international insolvencies lacks comprehensiveness in 
establishing a robust and effective framework. Therefore, this thesis offers policy 
recommendations in the form of a formalised horizontal decentralised network to support 
implementation and compliance with the UNCITRAL Model Law on Cross-Border 
Insolvencies 1997, the UNCITRAL Model Law on Recognition and Enforcement of 
Insolvency-Related Judgments 2018, and the UNCITRAL Model Law on Enterprise Group 
Insolvency with Guide to Enactment 2019.
This thesis has critically examined the strength of the establishment of a formalised horizontal 
decentralised network to support the implementation and compliance with the above 
international instruments. A core feature of this thesis is that it has created a novel framework 
of analysis to critically examine the recommendations within this thesis. The thesis additionally
employs this framework of analysis to assess the adequacy of existing theories in managing 
international insolvencies. The framework is further employed to critically assess the suitability 
of the proposed horizontal decentralised network to support implementation and compliance 
with the international insolvency instruments. The thesis further recommends a blend of 
governance theories to be utilised within the proposed network which have been measured 
against the thesis framework of analysis. Additionally, the thesis examines theories in 
psychology and sociology be employed to boost network efficiency and effect.
Research on the Countermeasures of improving College Teacher Efficacy from the Perspective of Organizational Commitment ---Empirical evidence from Colleges and Universities in Inner Mongolia, China
Creators: name: Zheng, Puyu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified
Higher education

description: In the research, a random sampling method was employed to choose teachers from Inner Mongolian undergraduate universities in Hohhot as subjects.There were a total of 160 questionnaires sent out, of which 160 were returned and 142 were valid, for an effective response rate of 89%. There are 28 male teachers and 114 female teachers among them. Although there are far more female teachers than male teachers, this ratio generally reflects the sex composition of university faculty in Inner Mongolia presently. There are 14 teaching assistants, 62 lecturers, 45 associate professors, and 21 professors. One junior college teacher, 31 undergrad teachers, 75 master teachers, and 35 Ph.D. teachers make up the structure of academic qualifications. Additionally, since there is only one junior college teacher, and whose qualification is incomparable, thus the entry is hereby removed. In addition, 17 teachers have 1 to 5 years of experience, 20 teachers have 5 to 10 years of experience, 38 teachers have 10 to 15 years of experience, and 67 teachers have more than 15 years of experience.
The Evolution of Boosting Algorithms - From Machine Learning to Statistical Modelling
Creators: name: Mayr, Andreas
name: Binder, Harald
name: Gefeller, Olaf
name: Schmid, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The concept of boosting emerged from the field of machine learning. The basic idea is to boost the accuracy of a weak classifying tool by combining various instances into a more accurate prediction. This general concept was later adapted to the field of statistical modelling. This review article attempts to highlight this evolution of boosting algorithms from machine learning to statistical modelling. We describe the AdaBoost algorithm for classification as well as the two most prominent statistical boosting approaches, gradient boosting and likelihood-based boosting. Although both appraoches are typically treated separately in the literature, they share the same methodological roots and follow the same fundamental concepts. Compared to the initial machine learning algorithms, which must be seen as black-box prediction schemes, statistical boosting result in statistical models which offer a straight-forward interpretation. We highlight the methodological background and present the most common software implementations. Worked out examples and corresponding R code can be found in the Appendix.
Measurements of the 27Al(α,n) Thick Target Yield near Threshold
Creators: name: Brandenburg, K.
name: Hamad, G.
name: Meisel, Z.
name: Brune, C. R.
name: Carter, D. E.
name: Derkin, J.
name: Ingram, D. C.
name: Jones-Alberty, Y.
name: Kenady, B.
name: Massey, T. N.
name: Saxena, M.
name: Soltesz, D.
name: Subedi, S. K.
name: Warren, J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: We present results from direct measurements of the 27Al(α,n) thick-target yield from laboratory incident energies Eα≈ 3 to 5 MeV, performed with the 3HeBF3 Giant Barrel (HeBGB) neutron detector at the Edwards Accelerator Laboratory. Our measurements have a small energy cadence in order to address discrepancies and sparseness of thick-target-yield data sets existing for this energy region. We find general agreement with existing data sets, including yields derived from cross-section data, while resolving a discrepancy between existing thick-target-yield data sets for Eα≈4to5 MeV. However, for Eα<3.5 MeV, our results are substantially lower than previous thick-target-yield data and somewhat larger than yields calculated from existing cross-section data. Our data complete the energy range needed for estimates of the 27Al(α,n) contribution to neutrino and dark matter detector backgrounds and result in increased viability of 27Al(α,n) as a plasma diagnostic tool at fusion facilities such as the National Ignition Facility.
Characterization of weak convergence of probability-valued solutions of general one-dimensional kinetic equations
Creators: name: Perversi, Eleonora
name: Regazzini, Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 82C40, 91B15

description: For a general inelastic Kac-like equation recently proposed, this paper studies the long-time behaviour of its probability-valued solution. In particular, the paper provides necessary and sufficient conditions for the initial datum in order that the corresponding solution converges to equilibrium. The proofs rest on the general CLT for independent summands applied to a suitable Skorokhod representation of the original solution evaluated at an increasing and divergent sequence of times. It turns out that, roughly speaking, the initial datum must belong to the standard domain of attraction of a stable law, while the equilibrium is presentable as a mixture of stable laws.
Table from First evidence of hemiclitores in snakes
Creators: name: Folwell, Megan J.
name: Sanders, Kate L.
name: Brennan, Patricia L. R.
name: Crowe-Riddell, Jenna M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: Table S1. Details of specimens from used for dissection, histology, and diceCT in this study.
Creation of a Knowledge Space by Semantically Linking Data Repository and Knowledge Management System - a Use Case from Production Engineering
Creators: name: Sheveleva, Tatyana
name: Wawer, Max Leo
name: Oladazimi, Pooya
name: Koepler, Oliver
name: Nürnberger, Florian
name: Lachmayer, Roland
name: Auer, Sören
name: Mozgova, Iryna
Publisher: name: Laxenburg : IFAC
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Knowledge Management in Production
subject: Research Data Management
subject: Semantic Annotation
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: 600

description: The seamless documentation of research data flows from generation, processing, analysis, publication, and reuse is of utmost importance when dealing with large amounts of data. Semantic linking of process documentation and gathered data creates a knowledge space enabling the discovery of relations between steps of process chains. This paper shows the design of two systems for data deposit and for process documentation using semantic annotations and linking on a use case of a process chain step of the Tailored Forming Technology.
Computational anatomy atlas using multilayer perceptron with Lipschitz regularization
Creators: name: Ushenin, Konstantin
name: Dzhigil, Maksim
name: Dordiuk, Vladislav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A computational anatomy atlas is a set of internal organ geometries. It is based on data of real patients and complemented with virtual cases by using a some numerical approach. Atlases are in demand in computational physiology, especially in cardiological and neurophysiological applications. Usually, atlas generation uses explicit object representation, such as voxel models or surface meshes. In this paper, we propose a method of atlas generation using an implicit representation of 3D objects. Our approach has two key stages. The first stage converts voxel models of segmented organs to implicit form using the usual multilayer perceptron. This stage smooths the model and reduces memory consumption. The second stage uses a multilayer perceptron with Lipschitz regularization. This neural network provides a smooth transition between implicitly defined 3D geometries. Our work shows examples of models of the left and right human ventricles. All code and data for this work are open.
description: This paper is send to SIBIRICON 2022 conference
Deep-Inelastic Scattering: What do we know ?
Creators: name: Blümlein, Johannes
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: scattering
quantum chromodynamics
deep inelastic scattering

description: A survey is given on the current status of the theoretical description of unpolarized and polarized deep--inelastic scattering processes in Quantum Chromodynamics at large virtualities.
UMURTQA POG'ONASI COVID-19DAN KEYINGI DAVRDA   DISK ChURRASI TO'QIMA TARKIBINING MORFOMETRIK KO'RSATKIChLARI TAHLILI
Creators: name: Maxkamov, N.J.
name: Xayrullaev, A.A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Umurtqa pog‘onasi degenerativ va distrofik jarayonlarining struktur - funksional turi hisoblangan disk churralarining hozirgi kunda Kasallik va uning oqibatlari turli mutaxassisliklar, jumladan, ortopediya, travmatologiya, neyroxirurgiya, vertebrologiya mutaxascislari uchun ko‘plab qiyinchiliklarni keltirib chiqardi. COVID-19 pandemiyasi butun dunyo bo‘ylab jarrohlik yordam tizimi uchun sinovdir.