cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kälber und Ferkel mit Arzneipflanzen stärken - Potential der Phytotherapie aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht
Creators: name: Walkenhorst, Michael
name: Ayrle, Hanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Phytotherapie, Kälbergesundheit, Ferkelgesundheit, Arzneipflanzen

description: Ein gesunder, frohwüchsiger Nachwuchs unserer Nutztiere ist eine Freude für die Tierhalter*innen. Wie alle Jungtiere müssen sich auch Kälber und Ferkel mit ihrer Umwelt und den darin vorkommenden Krankheitserregern auseinandersetzen. Allerdings ist ihr Immunsystem dafür oft noch nicht ausreichend entwickelt. Deshalb erkranken gerade Jungtiere gehäuft und schwer an einer Reihe unterschiedlicher Erkrankungen. Diese müssen dann oftmals mit Medikamenten behandelt werden, das Tierwohl und die Leistung der Tiere aufrecht zu erhalten. Ein Grossteil der Antibiotikaverabreichungen entfallen auf die Kälber- und Ferkelaufzucht. Doch gerade hier ist Prävention die bessere Therapie! Der Einsatz von Arzneipflanzen kann einen wertvollen Beitrag zur Vorbeugung und Behandlung von Jungtierkrankheiten leisten. Gleichzeitig lässt sich damit auch begleitend zur tierärztlichen Therapie die Gesundung der Tiere unterstützen. Auch in der Bioverordnung wird der Einsatz der Phytotherapie explizit gefordert. In diesem Faktenblatt werden die traditionell am häufigsten eingesetzten und aus wissenschaftlicher Sicht vielversprechendsten Arzneipflanzen vorgestellt und erläutert, wie sie in der Praxis einsetzbar sind. Ausserdem werden in dem Faktenblatt einfache Massnahmen vorgestellt, mit denen sich Krankheitserreger oft schon frühzeitig eindämmen und die Krankheitsanfälligkeit der Tiere reduzieren lassen
Get a Detailed Information About Custom Boxes Wholesale
Creators: name: Kerry, Jin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Packaging, Branding

description: If you want to get hold of detailed information about custom boxes wholesale, then here are some important points that you must have in your mind. The first step is to find out what the advantages of buying wholesale boxes are and then decide whether you are going to go for this option or not.
Balancing the personal, local, institutional, and global: multidimensional scaling analysis of African experiences in addressing complexity and political economy in health research capacity strengthening
Creators: name: Ager, Alastair Kenneth
name: Zarowsky, Christina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Public health

description: Strengthening health research capacity in low- and middle-income countries remains a major policy goal. The Health Research Capacity Strengthening (HRCS) Global Learning (HGL) program of work documented experiences of HRCS across sub-Saharan Africa. We reviewed findings from HGL case studies and reflective papers regarding the dynamics of HRCS. Analysis was structured with respect to common challenges in such work, identified through a multi-dimensional scaling analysis of responses from 37 participants at the concluding symposium of the program of work. Symposium participants identified 10 distinct clusters of challenges: engaging researchers, policymakers, and donors; securing trust and cooperation; finding common interest; securing long-term funding; establishing sustainable models of capacity strengthening; ensuring Southern ownership; accommodating local health system priorities and constraints; addressing disincentives for academic engagement; establishing and retaining research teams; and sustaining mentorship and institutional support. Analysis links these challenges to three key and potentially competing drivers of the political economy of health research: an enduring model of independent researchers and research leaders, the globalization of knowledge and the linked mobility of (elite) individuals, and institutionalization of research within universities and research centres and, increasingly, national research and development agendas. We identify tensions between efforts to embrace the global ‘Community of Science’ and the promotion and protection of national and institutional agendas in an unequal global health research environment. A nuanced understanding of the dynamics and implications of the uneven global health research landscape is required, along with a willingness to explore pragmatic models that seek to balance these competing drivers.
Post-surgical surveillance of locally advanced ileal carcinoids found by routine ileal intubation during screening colonoscopy: a case series
Creators: name: Ten Cate, Eileen
name: Wong, Leslie Ann
name: Groff, Walter
name: Miller, Aaron
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Oncology

description: Carcinoid tumors are the most common type of small bowel tumor, and the incidence is rising. The majority of small bowel carcinoid tumors arise within 60cm of the ileocecal valve. The addition of ileoscopy to screening colonoscopy can detect asymptomatic small bowel carcinoid tumors and improve long-term prognosis through early surgical resection. Ileoscopy is a brief procedure with a high success rate and minimal complications beyond those of colonoscopy. The use of ileoscopy during screening colonoscopy has led to an increase in the early-stage detection of locoregional small bowel carcinoid tumors that can be completely treated with surgery alone, and as such has improved long-term prognosis in these patients. Five asymptomatic Caucasian patients, 3 males and 2 females, from 53 to 70 years old (mean age, 60 years old), were diagnosed with locoregional ileal carcinoids during routine colonoscopy with ileoscopy. Since having an ileocolectomy and without adjuvant treatment, no patient has developed tumor recurrence over a follow-up period of one and half to 12 and a half years. The early detection of carcinoid tumors by ileoscopy during screening colonoscopy can lead to increased long-term survival in patients with locally invasive disease. The high success rate and brief duration of the procedure, in addition to the lack of associated morbidity and mortality suggest that with further studies, routine ileoscopy during colonoscopy may be promising in the diagnosis of small bowel carcinoid tumors.
High-Temperature Superconductors Explained by Pairing in Spin-Density Waves
Creators: name: Koo, Je Huan
name: Son, Kwang Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-density wave (SDW) can be considered as a pair of charge density waves (CDWs), one composed only of electrons with up-spins and the other only of electrons with down-spins. The high-temperature superconductivity found in cuprates and pnictides may then be ascribed to BCS-type pairing between these SDWs, which is then no longer simple Cooper pairing between independent singlet electrons but rather involves collective interaction between Cooper pairs. The pseudo-gap may also be understood to originate from this BCS-type gap of the CDW system, in which the parameters are identical to those in the original BCS scheme, except that the electron-electron interaction is multiplied by a factor NCDW, which represents the number of electrons of the same spin direction that belong to a single CDW branch that comprises half the SDW. The superconducting gap then becomes an s dx2-y2-type gap. This gap may be calculated by assuming a modified BCS-like scheme that takes into account the contributions of the CDWs. These CDWs may be driven spatially into a checkerboard-shaped (or striped) form of superconductivity, depending on whether the CDW is two- or one-dimensional. The origin of the nodal gap may also be ascribed to the CDWs.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Manufacturing of Perchloric Acid
Creators: name: Kalichevsky, Vladimir Anatole
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1924
Subjects: subject: Chemical Engineering
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: The object of this research was to study quantitatively possibilities of a continuous process of production of perchloric acid from nitrogen peroxide and ammonium perchlorate.  Perchloric acid has many properties which make it an important acid in industrial and analytical work and its use would be much greater if its cost of production could be lowered.  It is a strong monobasic acid, stable in solutions (up to 60%), has a high boiling point.  There are relatively few insoluble salts (potassium, rubidium, caesium, and thallium perchlorates are only highly soluble) and the difference in solubilities of potassium and sodium perchlorates give an easy method of separation of these two metals in analytical work.
Bottomonium production associated with a photon at a high luminosity $e^+e^-$ collider with next-to-leading order QCD corrections
Creators: name: Sun, Zhan
name: Wu, Xing-Gang
name: Chen, Gu
name: Ma, Yang
name: Ma, Hong-Hao
name: Bi, Huan-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a detailed discussion on the one-loop QCD correction to the bottomonium production associated with a photon, i.e. via the channel $e^{+}e^{-} \toγ^*/Z^0 \to |H_{b\bar{b}}\rangle + γ$, where $|H_{b\bar{b}}\rangle$ stands for the color-singlet bottomonium state as $η_b$, $Υ$, $h_b$ or $χ_{bJ}$ ($J$=0, 1 or 2), respectively. At the super $Z$ factory with the collision energy $E_{cm} \sim m_Z$, by summing up the cross sections for all bottomonium states, we obtain a large one-loop QCD correction, i.e. $|R|\sim 30\%$. This ensures the necessity and importance of the one-loop QCD corrections for the present processes. Further more, for the $η_b$, $h_b$ and $χ_{bJ}$ production, their cross sections are dominated by the $s$-channel diagrams and are enhanced by the $Z^0$ boson resonance effect when $E_{cm}\sim m_Z$. While, for the $Υ$ production, such resonance effect shall be smeared by a large $t(u)$-channel contribution that dominant over the $s$-channel one. Theoretical uncertainties caused by slight change of $E_{cm}$, the $b$-quark mass, the renormalization scale and etc. have been presented. At the super $Z$ factory with a high luminosity up to ${\cal L}=10^{36}{\rm cm}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$, the bottomonium plus one photon events are sizable, especially for $η_b$ and $Υ$, which have large signal significance. Summing up all bottomonium states, we shall totally have $\sim 3.8\times10^{5}$ bottomonium events in one operation year. So, the super $Z$ factory shall provide a good platform for studying the bottomonium properties.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures. Discussions improved, to be published in Phys.Rev.D
Melodrama as a Compositional Resource in Early Hollywood Sound Cinema
Creators: name: Neumeyer, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Music

description: The transitional cinema of the late twenties and early thirties was the site where studio producers, directors, composers, and sound technicians worked out the basic practices we now take for granted in film music. Max Steiner at RKO, Alfred Newman at Fox, Herbert Stothart at MGM, and others used theatrical entrance/exit cues for transitions between scenes and, occasionally, more extended, musically complete forms that set the mood of a scene but were not closely synchronized with action. When Steiner came to underscoring dialogue in the tightly synchronized fashion for which he is well known, he drew partly on Wagner and partly on the traditions of Viennese melodrama. The focus of the article is the technique of melodrama (speech accompanied by music) as a compositional source for underscoring dialogue. Steiner exploited the musical and expressive techniques of the early German melodrama as they survived in the "late" Romantic operettas of Victor Herbert, Sigmund Romberg, and Rudolf Friml. Discussion of eighteenth-century melodrama and some theoretical questions for the combination of speech and music in a theatrical work is followed by a series of examples illustrating the article's main points: the grave-digging scene from Fidelio, the Act 1 finales from Romberg's May time (1917) and Friml's The Three Musketeers (1928), and two cues from Steiner's music for The Informer (1935). The final section situates the melodramatic musical cue within music's narrative functions in sound film.
Supplementary figures to the seasonally forced SEIR model from How can contemporary climate research help understand epidemic dynamics?—Ensemble approach and snapshot attractors
Creators: name: T. Kovács
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Extra figures that are not essential part of the main text but they can help to understand the concepts and methods used.
Magnetic Field Extrapolations in the Corona: Success and Future Improvements
Creators: name: Regnier, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar atmosphere being magnetic in nature, the understanding of the structure and evolution of the magnetic field in different regions of the solar atmosphere has been an important task over the past decades. This task has been made complicated by the difficulties to measure the magnetic field in the corona, while it is currently known with a good accuracy in the photosphere and/or chromosphere. Thus, to determine the coronal magnetic field, a mathematical method has been developed based on the observed magnetic field. This is the so-called magnetic field extrapolation technique. This technique relies on two crucial points: (i) the physical assumption leading to the system of differential equations to be solved, (ii) the choice and quality of the associated boundary conditions. In this review, I summarise the physical assumptions currently in use and the findings at different scales in the solar atmosphere. I concentrate the discussion on the extrapolation techniques applied to solar magnetic data and the comparison with observations in a broad range of wavelengths (from hard X-rays to radio emission).
description: Accepted in Solar Physics
Tandem gait performance in essential tremor patients correlates with cognitive function
Creators: name: Louis, Elan D.
name: Rao, Ashwini K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Kinesiology

description: Emerging yet separate literatures have highlighted gait/balance impairments (i.e., mild ataxia) and cognitive problems in patients with essential tremor (ET). However, the relationship between the two has not been studied. The goal of these analyses was to study the relationship between gait/balance impairments and cognitive problems in ET. One-hundred-twenty ET cases were enrolled in an epidemiological study at Columbia University Medical Center. A Telephone Interview for Cognitive Status (TICS, range = 0–41 [no deficits]) was administered and a videotaped assessment of tandem gait was performed, during which the number of missteps during 10-steps was counted. The mean TICS score was 35.7 (range 25–39), and mean number of tandem mis-steps was 2.9 (range 0–10). The number of tandem mis-steps was correlated with the TICS score (Spearman’s r = −0.245, p = 0.011, i.e., individuals who had more tandem gait difficulty also had more cognitive difficulty). In a multivariate analysis, tandem mis-steps were associated with TICS score (p = 0.04) independent of age and other factors. More cognitive difficulty was associated with more tandem gait difficulty in ET. Ambulation often requires the concurrent use of both cognitive and motor neural systems; hence it is possible that the cognitive and gait problems in ET reflect an underlying pervasive disorder affecting both cognitive and motor circuits.
Applying Farr’s Law to project the drug overdose mortality epidemic in the United States
Creators: name: Darakjy, Salima
name: Brady, Joanne E.
name: DiMaggio, Charles J.
name: Li, Guohua
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: Unintentional drug overdose has increased markedly in the past two decades and surpassed motor vehicle crashes as the leading cause of injury mortality in many states. The purpose of this study was to understand the trajectory of the drug overdose epidemic in the United States by applying Farr’s Law. Farr’s “law of epidemics” and the Bregman-Langmuir back calculation method were applied to United States drug overdose mortality data for the years 1980 through 2011 to project the annual death rates from drug overdose from 2012 through 2035. From 1980–2011, annual drug overdose mortality increased from 2.7 to 13.2 deaths per 100,000 population. The projected drug overdose mortality would peak in 2016–2017 at 16.1 deaths per 100,000 population and then decline progressively until reaching 1.9 deaths per 100,000 population in 2035. The projected data based on Farr’s Law suggests that drug overdose mortality in the United States will decline in the coming years and return to the 1980 baseline level approximately by the year 2034.
Key features of the TMD soft-factor structure
Creators: name: Vladimirov, A. A.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the geometry of the Wilson lines, entering the operator definition of the transverse-momentum dependent parton distributions and that of the soft factor, follows from the kinematics of the underlying physical process in conjunction with the gauge invariance of the QCD Lagrangian. We demonstrate our method in terms of concrete examples and determine the paths of the associated Wilson lines. The validation of the factorization theorem in our approach is postponed to future work.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures. Invited contribution presented by the first author at the Lightcone 2013+ Conference, Skiathos, Greece, 20-24 May, 2013. Matches version to appear in Few Body Systems
Lieder, Listeners, and Ideology: Schubert's "Alinde" and Opus 81
Creators: name: Gramit, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Music

description: One of the constants in the history of the reception of the nineteenth century lied has been a belief in the intimate and direct expressive power of the genre. Different though the vocabulary and concerns of Barthes and the nineteenth-century encyclopedists cited above are, their common starting point is a genre they perceive to have uniquely immediate access to the most interior regions of the listener. Although not often so explicitly stated, this understanding of the nature of the lied conditions much of the traditional music-historical discourse about the genre, including the most familiar commonplace of all: Franz Schubert's "establishment of the lied as an autonomous musical form." Schubert's songs achieve an immediacy of emotional expression that has no precedent. That immediacy removes the lied from any particular historical or social context and places it in unmediated contact with the individual listener, who can then be moved by, analyze, converse with, or simply luxuriate in the song as an autonomous work of art.
Pitch angle variations in spiral galaxies
Creators: name: Savchenko, S. S.
name: Reshetnikov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed photometric study and measurements of spiral arm pitch angles for a sample of 50 non-barred or weakly barred grand-design spiral galaxies selected from Sloan Digital Sky Survey. In order to find pitch angles, we used a new method based on the window Fourier analysis of their images. This method allows us not only to infer the average pitch angle, but to obtain its value as a function of galactocentric radius as well. Our main results are as follows: (1) Spiral arms of most galaxies cannot be described by a single value of the pitch angle. About 2/3 of galaxies demonstrate pitch angle variations exceeding 20%. In most galaxies in the sample their pitch angle decreases by increasing the distance from the centre. (2) Pitch angle variations correlate with the properties of galaxies - with the shape of the surface brightness distribution (envelope-type or truncated disc), and with the sign of stellar disc colour gradient. (3) More luminous and bright bulges produce more tightly wound spiral arms, that is in agreement with current models for spiral arms formation.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Effects of ion mobility and positron fraction on solitary waves in weak relativistic electron-positron-ion plasma
Creators: name: Lu, Ding
name: Li, Zi-Liang
name: Xie, Bai-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of ion mobility and positron fraction on solitary waves of envelop of laser field and potential of electrostatic field in weak relativistic electron-positron-ion plasma are investigated. The parameter region for the existence of solitary waves is obtained analytically, and the reasonable choice of parameters is clarified. Both cases of mobile and immobile ions are considered. It is found that the amplitudes of solitary waves in the former case are larger compared to the latter case. For small plasma density, the localized solitary wave solutions in terms of approximate perturbation analytical method are consistent well with that by exact numerical calculations. However as the plasma density increases the analytical method loses its validity more and more. The influence of the positron fraction on the amplitudes of solitary waves shows a monotonous increasing relation. Implication of our results to the particle acceleration is also discussed briefly.
description: 18 pages, 6figures
Pain assessment for people with dementia: a systematic review of systematic reviews of pain assessment tools
Creators: name: Lichtner, Valentina
name: Dowding, Dawn
name: Esterhuizen, Philip
name: Closs, S. Jose
name: Long, Andrew
name: Corbett, Anne
name: Briggs, Michelle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Aging
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: There is evidence of under-detection and poor management of pain in patients with dementia, in both long-term and acute care. Accurate assessment of pain in people with dementia is challenging and pain assessment tools have received considerable attention over the years, with an increasing number of tools made available. Systematic reviews on the evidence of their validity and utility mostly compare different sets of tools. This review of systematic reviews analyses and summarises evidence concerning the psychometric properties and clinical utility of pain assessment tools in adults with dementia or cognitive impairment. We searched for systematic reviews of pain assessment tools providing evidence of reliability, validity and clinical utility. Two reviewers independently assessed each review and extracted data from them, with a third reviewer mediating when consensus was not reached. Analysis of the data was carried out collaboratively. The reviews were synthesised using a narrative synthesis approach. We retrieved 441 potentially eligible reviews, 23 met the criteria for inclusion and 8 provided data for extraction. Each review evaluated between 8 and 13 tools, in aggregate providing evidence on a total of 28 tools. The quality of the reviews varied and the reporting often lacked sufficient methodological detail for quality assessment. The 28 tools appear to have been studied in a variety of settings and with varied types of patients. The reviews identified several methodological limitations across the original studies. The lack of a ‘gold standard’ significantly hinders the evaluation of tools’ validity. Most importantly, the samples were small providing limited evidence for use of any of the tools across settings or populations. There are a considerable number of pain assessment tools available for use with the elderly cognitive impaired population. However there is limited evidence about their reliability, validity and clinical utility. On the basis of this review no one tool can be recommended given the existing evidence.
Arbitrary tip orientation in STM simulations: 3D WKB theory and application to W(110)
Creators: name: Mándi, Gábor
name: Nagy, Norbert
name: Palotás, Krisztián
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the orbital-dependent electron tunneling model implemented within the three-dimensional (3D) Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) atom-superposition approach for simulating scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) by including arbitrary tip orientations. The orientation of the tip is characterized by a local coordinate system centered on the tip apex atom obtained by a rotation with respect to the sample coordinate system. The rotation is described by the Euler angles. Applying our method, we highlight the role of the real-space shape of the electron orbitals involved in the tunneling, and analyze the convergence and the orbital contributions of the tunneling current above the W(110) surface depending on the orientation of a model tungsten tip. We also simulate STM images at constant-current condition, and find that their quality depends very much on the tip orientation. Some orientations result in protrusions on the images that do not occur above W atoms. The presence of such apparent atom positions makes it difficult to identify the exact position of surface atoms. It is suggested that this tip orientation effect should be considered at the evaluation of experimental STM images on other surfaces as well. The presented computationally efficient tunneling model could prove to be useful for obtaining more information on the local tip geometry and orientation by comparing STM experiments to a large number of simulations with systematically varied tip orientations.
description: 1 Table, 6 Figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1206.6628
The Many Facets of Unawareness in Huntington Disease
Creators: name: McCusker, Elizabeth
name: Loy, Clement T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Unawareness or diminished awareness is present when a patient's perception of obvious disease manifestations and impact differ from that of observers such as clinicians or family members. Methods: We examined studies that specifically investigate unawareness in Huntington disease (HD). Results: Unawareness of motor, cognitive, behavioral, and functional aspects of HD has been documented throughout the disease course. This can occur at motor and cognitive onset but is more pronounced as the disease progresses. Discussion: We discuss the implications for diagnosis, symptom report at presentation, timing of diagnosis, acceptance of symptomatic care strategies, and reporting in clinical trials. Assessments of work place competency, discrimination, driving, and the particular challenges of isolated patients without caregivers are described. Engaging with a person who is unaware of their disease or its impact presents a number of conflicts, including maintaining the right to autonomy, privacy, confidentiality, and independence while recognizing concerns for the wellbeing of the vulnerable person with HD and their caregiver when the unaware person refuses assistance. Unawareness is seen increasingly as neurologically based due to the impairment of functional networks, predominantly in nondominant frontostriatal pathways.
Holographic Rényi entropy in AdS$_3$/LCFT$_2$ correspondence
Creators: name: Chen, Bin
name: Song, Feng-yan
name: Zhang, Jia-ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent study in AdS$_3$/CFT$_2$ correspondence shows that the tree level contribution and 1-loop correction of holographic Rényi entanglement entropy (HRE) exactly match the direct CFT computation in the large central charge limit. This allows the Rényi entanglement entropy to be a new window to study the AdS/CFT correspondence. In this paper we generalize the study of Rényi entanglement entropy in pure AdS$_3$ gravity to the massive gravity theories at the critical points. For the cosmological topological massive gravity (CTMG), the dual conformal field theory (CFT) could be a chiral conformal field theory or a logarithmic conformal field theory (LCFT), depending on the asymptotic boundary conditions imposed. In both cases, by studying the short interval expansion of the Rényi entanglement entropy of two disjoint intervals with small cross ratio $x$, we find that the classical and 1-loop HRE are in exact match with the CFT results, up to order $x^6$. To this order, the difference between the massless graviton and logarithmic mode can be seen clearly. Moreover, for the cosmological new massive gravity (CNMG) at critical point, which could be dual to a logarithmic CFT as well, we find the similar agreement in the CNMG/LCFT correspondence. Furthermore we read the 2-loop correction of graviton and logarithmic mode to HRE from CFT computation. It has distinct feature from the one in pure AdS$_3$ gravity.
description: 28 pages. Typos corrected, published version
Botulinum Toxin Therapy for Cervical Dystonia: The Science of Dosing
Creators: name: Evidente, Virgilio Gerald H.
name: Pappert, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: The first-line treatment for cervical dystonia (CD) is botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), which has been established as a highly effective and well-tolerated therapy. However, this treatment is also complex and challenging to apply in clinical practice. Approximately 20% of patients discontinue therapy due to treatment failure, adverse effects, and other reasons. In addition, expert consensus recommendations are lacking to guide physicians in the optimal use of BoNT-A for CD. Among the issues still to be clarified is the optimal dosing frequency. The generally accepted standard for intervals between BoNT-A injections is ≥12 weeks; however, this standard is based primarily on the methodology of pivotal trials for the BoNT-A products, rather than on evidence that it is optimal in comparison to other intervals. While some retrospective, observational studies of BoNT-A used in clinical practice appear to support the use of ≥12-week dosing intervals, it is often unclear in these studies how the need for reinjection was determined. In contrast, a prospective dose-ranging trial in which patients were allowed to request reinjection as early as 8 weeks showed that about half of patients receiving abobotulinumtoxinA, at the currently recommended initial dose of 500 U, requested reinjection at 8 weeks. Moreover, results from an open-label, 68-week extension phase of the pivotal trial of incobotulinumtoxinA showed that 47.1% of patients had received reinjection at ≤12 weeks. Ongoing studies, such as the Cervical Dystonia Patient Registry for Observation of BOTOXH Efficacy (CD PROBE), may help clarify this question of optimal dosing intervals for BoNT-A in CD.
Nutrient concentration targets to achieve periphyton biomass objectives incorporating uncertainties
Publisher: name: GNS Science
Year: 2018

description: Nutrient concentration targets are an important component of efforts to manage the eutrophication of gravel-bed streams and rivers worldwide. In New Zealand, the periphyton attribute of the National Objectives Framework (NOF) National Policy Statement for Freshwater Management (NPS-FM) requires that nutrient concentration targets are set to achieve periphyton biomass objectives. Although guidance exists for setting nutrient concentration targets, there remains considerable uncertainty about what the appropriate nutrient concentration targets should be for any location. In addition, the uncertainty associated with the existing guidance is not quantified. Measures of the uncertainty associated with nutrient concentration targets is important because it enables the confidence associated any actions to achieve periphyton biomass objectives to be quantified. In addition, analysis of nutrient management actions generally depends on a chain of models. Quantification of all uncertainties in the modelling chain enables the identification of the most limiting (in terms of confidence) component in this chain. The relationship between periphyton biomass and site characteristics were represented by regression models fitted to a dataset characterizing 78 gravel-bed rivers in New Zealand. The regression models had large site scale uncertainties but identified broad-scale drivers of periphyton biomass. The models were used to derive concentration targets for nutrients TN and DRP for 21 river classes to achieve periphyton biomass thresholds of 50, 120 and 200 mg chlorophyll a m2. The targets incorporated a temporal exceedance criterion requiring that the specified biomass threshold will not be exceeded in more than 8% of samples (being the average of one sample occasion per year for monthly monitoring). The targets also incorporated a spatial exceedance criterion requiring that the biomass thresholds will not be exceeded at more than 10%, 20% or 50% of sites within the domain being managed. The allowance for a fixed level of spatial exceedance combines the models’ description of broad-scale variation with the assumption that, rather than requiring specific conditions at an individual site, the management objective is to restrict biomass to acceptable levels at a majority of locations within a domain of interest. The approach therefore uses the model in a manner that is appropriate to its precision and encourages management to define management objectives in terms that are analytically tractable. A Monte Carlo analysis was used to derive the uncertainty of the derived nutrient concentration targets for TN and DRP. The uncertainties reduce as the size of the spatial domain to which the spatial exceedance criteria applies is increased. Testing indicated the derived nutrient concentration targets are reasonably consistent with independent periphyton biomass data despite differences in the protocols used to measure biomass at the training and test sites. (auth)
Cross-sectional assessment of prevalence and correlates of blood-borne and sexually-transmitted infections among Afghan National Army recruits
Creators: name: Todd, Catherine S.
name: Nasir, Abdul
name: Mansoor, G. Farooq
name: Sahibzada, Sayed M.
name: Jagodzinski, Linda L.
name: Salimi, Farzana
name: Khateri, M. Naim
name: Hale, Braden R.
name: Barthel, R. Vincent
name: Scott, Paul T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Epidemiology

description: Few data are available in Afghanistan to shape national military force health practices, particularly with regard to sexually-transmitted infections (STIs). We measured prevalence and correlates of HIV, syphilis, herpes simplex 2 virus (HSV-2), and hepatitis C virus (HCV) among Afghan National Army (ANA) recruits. A cross-sectional sample of male ANA recruits aged 18–35 years were randomly selected at the Kabul Military Training Center between February 2010 and January 2011. Participants completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire and serum-based rapid testing for syphilis and hepatitis C virus antibody on-site; HIV and HSV-2 screening, and confirmatory testing were performed off-site. Prevalence of each infection was calculated and logistic regression analysis performed to identify correlates. Of 5313 recruits approached, 4750 consented to participation. Participants had a mean age of 21.8 years (SD±3.8), 65.5% had lived outside Afghanistan, and 44.3% had no formal education. Few reported prior marijuana (16.3%), alcohol (5.3%), or opiate (3.4%) use. Of sexually active recruits (58.7%, N = 2786), 21.3% reported paying women for sex and 21.3% reported sex with males. Prevalence of HIV (0.063%, 95% CI: 0.013- 0.19), syphilis (0.65%, 95% CI: 0.44 – 0.93), and HCV (0.82%, 95% CI: 0.58 – 1.12) were quite low. Prevalence of HSV-2 was 3.03% (95% CI: 2.56 - 3.57), which was independently associated with age (Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) = 1.04, 95% CI: 1.00 - 1.09) and having a television (socioeconomic marker) (AOR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.03 – 2.05). Though prevalence of HIV, HCV, syphilis, and HSV-2 was low, sexual risk behaviors and intoxicant use were present among a substantial minority, indicating need for prevention programming. Formative work is needed to determine a culturally appropriate approach for prevention programming to reduce STI risk among Afghan National Army troops.
Combined large spin-splitting and one dimensional confinement in surface alloys
Creators: name: Crepaldi, Alberto
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Kern, Klaus
name: Grioni, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have found and characterized by angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy (ARPES) quasi-one dimensional spin-split states in chain-like surface alloys formed by large Z elements (Bi and Pb) at the Cu(110) surface. The ARPES results are supported by first-principles relativistic calculations, which also confirm the spin polarization of these states, characteristic of the Rashba-Bychkov effect. The Fermi surface contours are open, but warped, as a result of the interaction with the bulk Cu conduction band. This interaction introduces a k dependence of the spin splitting perpendicular to the chains direction. We have also investigated the influence of the atomic spin-orbit parameter in substitutional isostructural Bi_{1-x}Pb_{x} overlayers, and found that the magnitude of the spin splitting can be continuously tuned as a function of stoichiometry.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Framing the Iraq war : a critical analysis of the mainstream western news media's explanations of violence during the occupation of Iraq
Creators: name: Burrows, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This dissertation provides a contribution to the criminology of war from the perspective of cultural criminology. The research conducted a critical analysis of the mainstream Western news media's explanations of violence during the US-led occupation of Iraq. The sample covered the period from 19th March 2003 - 1st January 2009. This period spanned the beginning of military operations, the height of the counter insurgency war up to the systematic reduction in Coalition forces, after the transfer of security control of the Green Zone in Baghdad to Iraqis. The study utilised a discourse analytic approach to critically assess the explanations of violence found in articles from print news sources in both the US and UK. These explanations were contrasted with alternative arguments found in marginal, left-leaning news sources, to test the hypothesis that the mainstream media wilfully neglected to present a comprehensive analysis of state criminality in occupied Iraq. The research utilised data from the Wikileaks Iraq War Logs and human rights reports in order to provide evidence of the consistent resort to state-sanctioned violence by the occupying Coalition and associated proxy forces. It was found that the mainstream media were complicit in hiding evidence of state criminality during the occupation. Instead, the media sources sampled characterised the violence inherent to the occupation of Iraq as the product of entrenched ethnic divisions, the influence of foreign jihadists migrating into Iraq, or the result of mistakes made in the administration of the occupation by the Coalition. Congruence was found between these explanations and those adopted by political leaders. Each of these explanations were found to have some merit but served to marginalize state criminality from popular public discourse. In short: the thesis argued that the mainstream media constructed a hegemonic discourse in line with official government and military accounts of the conflict.
Energy Density Functionals From the Strong-Coupling Limit Applied to the Anions of the He Isoelectronic Series
Creators: name: Mirtschink, André
name: Umrigar, C. J.
name: Morgan, John D.
name: Gori-Giorgi, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anions and radicals are important for many applications including environmental chemistry, semiconductors, and charge transfer, but are poorly described by the available approximate energy density functionals. Here we test an approximate exchange-correlation functional based on the exact strong-coupling limit of the Hohenberg-Kohn functional on the prototypical case of the He isoelectronic series with varying nuclear charge $Z<2$, which includes weakly bound negative ions and a quantum phase transition at a critical value of $Z$, representing a big challenge for density functional theory. We use accurate wavefunction calculations to validate our results, comparing energies and Kohn-Sham potentials, thus also providing useful reference data close to and at the quantum phase transition. We show that our functional is able to bind H$^-$ and to capture in general the physics of loosely bound anions, with a tendency to strongly overbind that can be proven mathematically. We also include corrections based on the uniform electron gas which improve the results.
description: Accepted for the JCP Special Topic Issue "Advances in DFT Methodology"
Ladner, Leon J.: my political recollections (April 5, 1972)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pearkes, G. R. (George Randolph), 1888-1984
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1970190
subject: Personal narratives--Canadian
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1424090
subject: Military history
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1021222

description: Interviewee: Ladner, Leon J., b. 1884
description: Interviewer: Roy, Reginald H.
description: An interview/narrative of Leon J. Ladner's recollections of Major-General Pearkes. Interview took place on April 5, 1972.
description: ABSTRACT: Mr. Leon J. Ladner, 5 April 1972. 28pp. Conservative Party recruited Pearkes in 1945. Political scene in 1945, provincial vs. federal wings. Columbia River Treaty. Pearkes support for Diefenbaker. Mentions Arthur Meighen, George Drew, Howard Green. The election of a new leader. Peculiarities of Diefenbaker's character. Considers that Diefenbaker vacillated to the extent that it destroyed his Cabinet.
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program Online Purchasing Expanded in First Two Years of Pandemic
Creators: name: Jones, Jordan
name: Jones, Jordan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022

description: The USDA’s Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Online Purchasing Pilot allows households in participating States to use their SNAP benefits to buy groceries online from authorized, participating retailers. As with in-person redemption, benefits can be used online only for food items and cannot be used for additional expenses tied to online grocery shopping, such as tips or fees. Online SNAP grocery purchases can be delivered or picked up onsite as with other online grocery purchases. Pandemic Electronic Benefit Transfer (P-EBT) benefits issued during the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic are similarly redeemable online.
Child maltreatment and hypertension in young adulthood
Creators: name: Suglia, Shakira F.
name: Clark, Cari
name: Boynton-Jarrett, Renée
name: Kressin, Nancy
name: Koenen, Karestan C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Nutrition
Epidemiology

description: Maltreatment during childhood and adolescence has been associated with chronic conditions in adulthood including cardiovascular disease. However, less is known about the effects of childhood maltreatment on cardiovascular risk factors prior to development of cardiovascular disease, or whether these effects are evident in young adulthood. Furthermore, few studies have examined sex differences and most studies have relied on self-reported outcome measures that are subject to misclassification. We examined the relationship between child maltreatment and hypertension in young adulthood in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health, a nationally representative school-based sample of US adolescents. Participants retrospectively (mean age 29.9, n = 11384) reported on their experiences of child maltreatment prior to the 6th grade (prior to age 11) during follow-up. Child neglect, physical and sexual violence as well as a measure of social services visits to the home were examined. Blood pressure was measured during an in-home visit. Hypertension was defined as measured SBP of at least 140 mmHg or DBP of at least 90 mmHG measured in adulthood, or self-reported use of antihypertensive medications. In adjusted models, women who experienced sexual abuse in early childhood had a higher prevalence of hypertension (Prevalence Ratio (PR) 1.43 95% CI 1.00, 2.05) compared to women who did not experience sexual abuse. Among men, experiencing sexual abuse was not statistically significantly associated with hypertension. Experiencing neglect, physical abuse or having visitations by social services at home during childhood was not associated with hypertension among either women or men. Sexual abuse in early childhood is associated with hypertension in young women.
Integrated Testlets and the Immediate Feedback Assessment Technique
Creators: name: Slepkov, Aaron D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increased use of multiple-choice (MC) questions in introductory-level physics final exams is largely hindered by reservations about its ability to test the broad cognitive domain that is routinely accessed with typical constructed-response (CR) questions. Thus, there is a need to explore ways in which MC questions can be utilized pedagogically more like CR questions while maintaining their attendant procedural advantages. we describe how an answer-until-correct MC response format allows for the construction of multiple-choice examinations designed to operate much as a hybrid between standard MC and CR testing. With this tool - the immediate feedback assessment technique (IF-AT) - students gain complete knowledge of the correct answer for each question during the examination, and can use such information for solving subsequent test items. This feature allows for the creation of a new type of context-dependent item sets; the "integrated testlet". In an integrated testlet certain items are purposefully inter-dependent and are thus presented in a particular order. Such integrated testlets represent a proxy of typical CR questions, but with a straightforward and uniform marking scheme that also allows for granting partial credit for proximal knowledge. We present a case study of an IF-AT-scored midterm and final examination for an introductory physics course, and discuss specific testlets with varying degrees of integration. In total, the items are found to allow for excellent discrimination, with a mean item-total correlation measure for the combined 45 items of the two examinations of $\bar{r}'=0.41\pm 0.13$ (mean $\pm$ standard deviation) and a final examination test reliability of $α=0.82$ ($n=25$ items). Furthermore, partial credit is shown to be allocated in a discriminating and valid manner in these examinations.
description: 13 pages. 7 figures. Accepted to the American Journal of Physics (August 2013)