cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Myth and meaning in the three novels of Hugh Maclennan
Creators: name: Gilley, Robert Keith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The purpose of this essay is to determine the use to which Hugh MacLennan has put his knowledge of classical literature, especially myth, in writing three of his novels. The novels are first considered individually and are then related to one another to indicate the development of their structures and themes, MacLennan's technique and thought. The first chapter shows MacLennan's affinity for classical literature, indicates the general critical awareness of classical elements in his novels, and also shows how mythic analysis is of use in interpreting the novels. Central to MacLennan's use of classical myth is Homer's Odyssey, and the basic plot and characters of the Greek epic are described, indicating what MacLennan chooses from the classic for his own purposes. The importance of myth, as such, is considered, and it is suggested that MacLennan himself has attempted to write a "myth" appropriate to modern Canada. The second chapter is a consideration of Barometer Rising, indicating mythic parallels and relevant structures of imagery. The plot structure is examined and is compared to the mythoi or archetypal plots suggested by Northrop Frye in Anatomy of Criticism. The novel is shown to be a comic-romance in which the romantic hero is dominant, although there is an ironic hero present. The main theme appears as a search for national identity. The third chapter is a consideration of Each Man's Son, again indicating mythic parallels and relevant structures of imagery. Examination of the plot structure reveals a growing stress on the ironic hero and an unstressing of the romantic hero. The theme appears as a more personal search for identity. The fourth chapter is a consideration of The Watch that Ends the Night, again indicating mythic parallels and relevant imagery. Here, the ironic hero comes to full dominance over the romantic. The theme has become almost entirely a personal search for internal identity. It is shown how, in this novel, MacLennan resolves the conflict explored in the other two novels by submerging it in a larger (basically mystical) pattern. The fifth chapter shows how MacLennan’s techniques and themes have developed, how his final religio-philosophic resolution is related to classical humanism (particularly the philosophy of Heraclitus), and how his use of myth is relevant and valuable to the modern world. It becomes clear that the farther MacLennan moves from a direct representation of the classical myth, the closer he moves to creating a meaningful myth of his own. MacLennan is related to other modern writers and is shown to be in a main stream of modern thought, following a major theme in western literature that has been particularly important since the Victorian Period. He comes to a synthesis of classical and Christian thought which results in an affirmative philosophy.
title: The Photoregulation of Phenylpropanoid Metabolism and Amino Acid Accumulation in Triticum Aestivum (Var. Fremont)
Creators: name: Guerra, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1983

description: Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grown in controlled environments with a 24-hour photoperiod was analyzed for phenylpropanoid and amino acid metabolites. Discrete spectral environments, including a metal halide, high-pressure sodium and low-pressure sodium lamps, provided both photosynthetically active radiation and phenylpropanoid inducing fluences of light. A greenhouse spectral environment supplemented with fluorescent lamps was also used to culture wheat. All four spectral environments were used to culture wheat to maturity separately. The activities of phenylalanine and tyrosine ammonia-lyase were photoinduced in wheat tissue obtained from plants grown in the metal halide, high-pressure sodium and greenhouse spectral environments. These enzyme activities are the committed catalytic step in phenylpropanoid biosynthesis and were induced in wheat tissue by fluences of light in the ultraviolet and blue regions of the spectrum. The low-pressure sodium lamp, which does not provide strong irradiance in these wavelengths, produced significantly lower ammonia-lyase activities than were observed in wheat grown within the metal halide, high-pressure sodium, or greenhouse spectral environments. These effects were not caused by phytochrome, since calculation of Pfr/Ptotal for the low-pressure sodium lamp was higher than the ratio obtained from metal halide or high-pressure sodium lamps. Lignin was also significantly reduced in wheat grown with low-pressure sodium lamps. Several essentialamino acids were in lower molar concentration in protein from wheat grown under low-pressure sodium lamps. However, phenylalanine and tyrosine were in significantly higher concentration in wheat grain produced in this spectral environment, and amino acid concentrations of wheat cultured with the low-pressure sodium lamp are regarded as a direct result of the spectral properties of this light source.
Random projections and Kernelised Leave One Cluster Out Cross-Validation: Universal baselines and evaluation tools for supervised machine learning for materials properties
Creators: name: Durdy, Samantha
name: Gaultois, Michael
name: Gusev, Vladimir
name: Bollegala, Danushka
name: Rosseinsky, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With machine learning being a popular topic in current computational materials science literature, creating representations for compounds has become common place. These representations are rarely compared, as evaluating their performance - and the performance of the algorithms that they are used with - is non-trivial. With many materials datasets containing bias and skew caused by the research process, leave one cluster out cross validation (LOCO-CV) has been introduced as a way of measuring the performance of an algorithm in predicting previously unseen groups of materials. This raises the question of the impact, and control, of the range of cluster sizes on the LOCO-CV measurement outcomes. We present a thorough comparison between composition-based representations, and investigate how kernel approximation functions can be used to better separate data to enhance LOCO-CV applications. We find that domain knowledge does not improve machine learning performance in most tasks tested, with band gap prediction being the notable exception. We also find that the radial basis function improves the linear separability of chemical datasets in all 10 datasets tested and provide a framework for the application of this function in the LOCO-CV process to improve the outcome of LOCO-CV measurements regardless of machine learning algorithm, choice of metric, and choice of compound representation. We recommend kernelised LOCO-CV as a training paradigm for those looking to measure the extrapolatory power of an algorithm on materials data.
description: 16 pages including references, 9 figures
Soliton Pulses in Photonic Crystal Fabry-Perot Microresonators
Creators: name: Wildi, Thibault
name: Gaafar, Mahmoud A.
name: Voumard, Thibault
name: Ludwig, Markus
name: Herr, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative Kerr solitons (DKSs) in high-Q microresonators enable applications in sensing, communication, and signal processing. Until now, DKSs driven by continuous-wave (CW) lasers are exclusively generated in ring-type resonators. Complementary to ring-type resonators, Fabry-Perot resonators could enable new approaches to dispersion engineering, addressing a key challenge of DKS technology. However, DKS generation in a CW-driven Fabry-Perot microresonator has not yet been achieved. Here, we demonstrate for the first time CW-driven DKSs in a high-Q Fabry-Perot microresonator. Fabricated in a wafer-level process, two photonic crystal reflectors in a waveguide form the chip-integrated resonator and define its dispersion. The intrinsic Q-factor of 4 million is propagation-loss limited. In principle, each cell of the photonic crystal reflector can be tailored, opening a design space beyond traditional dispersion engineering, with potential for future extension of DKSs to visible and other currently inaccessible wavelengths. Beyond DKSs, this creates opportunities for filter-driven pulse formation, engineered spectra and broadband phase-matching in microresonators.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
A New Approach based on Langevin type Equation for Driven Granular Gas under Gravity
Creators: name: Wakou, Jun'ichi
name: Isobe, Masaharu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel approach based on a Langevin equation for fluctuating motion of the center of mass of granular media fluidized by energy injection from a bottom plate. In this framework, the analytical solution of the Langevin equation is used to derive analytic expressions for several macroscopic quantities and the power spectrum for the center of mass. In order to test our theory, we performed event-driven molecular dynamics simulations for one- and two-dimensional systems. Energy is injected from a vibrating bottom plate in the one-dimensional case and from a thermal wall at the bottom in the two-dimensional case. We found that the theoretical predictions are in good agreement with the results of those simulations under the assumption that the fluctuation-dissipation relation holds in the case of nearly elastic collisions between particles. However, as the inelasticity of the interparticle collisions increases, the power spectrum for the center of mass obtained by the simulations gradually deviates from the prediction of theoretical curve. Connection between this deviation and violation of the fluctuation-dissipation relation is discussed.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures; corrected typos, to be published in the AIP Conference Proceedings of the IUTAM-ISIMM Symposium "Mathematical and Physical Instances of Granular Flows" held in Reggio Calabria, September 14-18, 2009
Perturbations of spinning black holes beyond General Relativity: Modified Teukolsky equation
Creators: name: Li, Dongjun
name: Wagle, Pratik
name: Chen, Yanbei
name: Yunes, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of gravitational waves from compact binary mergers by the LIGO/Virgo collaboration has, for the first time, allowed for tests of relativistic gravity in the strong, dynamical and nonlinear regime. Outside Einstein's relativity, spinning black holes may be different from their general relativistic counterparts, and their merger may then lead to a modified ringdown. We study the latter and, for the first time, derive a modified Teukolsky equation, i.e., a set of linear, decoupled differential equations that describe dynamical perturbations of non-Kerr black holes for the radiative Newman-Penrose scalars $Ψ_0$ and $Ψ_4$. We first focus on non-Ricci-flat, Petrov type D black hole backgrounds in modified gravity, and derive the modified Teukolsky equation through direct decoupling and through a new approach, proposed by Chandrasekhar, that uses certain gauge conditions. We then extend this analysis to non-Ricci-flat, Petrov type I black hole backgrounds in modified gravity, assuming they can be treated as a linear perturbation of Petrov type D, black hole backgrounds in GR by generalizing Chandrasekhar's approach, and derive the decoupled modified Teukolsky equation. Our work lays the foundation to study the gravitational waves emitted in the ringdown phase of black hole coalescence in modified gravity for black holes of any spin. Our work can also be extended to compute gravitational waves emitted by extreme mass-ratio binary inspirals in modified gravity.
description: 33 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
title: Iron and Zinc Deficiencies in Selected Calcareous Soils of Southern Utah
Creators: name: Schnitzer, E. Frank
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: The response of field corn to iron and zinc fertilization was studied using a split plot experimental design in Millard County, Utah, in cooperation with the Utah State University Extension Agent and a local farmer. mainplot treatment applications consisted, on an acre basis, of (1) 5 t ons of sulfuric acid, (2) 1 ton sulfuric acid, (3) 1.8 tons gypsum, (4) check plot. Subplot treatments were (1) Fe at 5 lbs/Ac, (2) Zn at 10 lbs/Ac, (3) Fe and Zn at 5 and 10 lb / Ac, respectively, (4) check plot. The iron and zinc applications were essentially rendered unavailable by reactions of the applied iron and zinc with the highly calcareous soil matrix. Experimental variability and the relatively low rates of applied micronutrients combined to produce insignificant yield responses to micronutrient fertilization.
Another study was conducted to predict the soil iron critical level. Five soils from Millard County, representing some of the soils low in iron and zinc, were selected for a greenhouse study.
All five of the soils were equally divided into three groups and assigned one of three pretreatments. One- third of the soils were stressed by successive croppings with corn and oats. One-third of the soils were fertilized with Fe chelate and ZnSO4 at 5 ppm each as a pretreatment. And one-third of the soils did not receive a pretreatment. The pretreatments were designed to obtain a broader range of soil iron concentrations.
After the pre treatments were completed on all of the soils, a randomized block experimental design was employed to measure potential yield increases in corn produced by the addition of Fe chelate . Two corn genotypes, an iron-efficient corn inbred (WF9) and an iron efficient corn mutant (Ysl/Ysl), were utilized in the gr eenhouse study. The treatments were (1) 5 ppm Fe chelate plus corn inbred WF9, (2) 5 ppm Fe chelate plus corn mutant Ysl/Ysl, (3) no Fe addition plus corn inbred WF9 , (4) no Fe addition plus corn mutant Ysl/Ysl.
Significant yield responses to Fe fertilization were determined by an LSD statistical test . Generally, soils with a DTPA extractable iron level greater than 5 ppm did not respond to applied iron. Similar yield responses were obtained for the iron-efficient and ironinefficient varieties. A tentative critical level of DTPA extractable iron of 5 ppm was proposed for the calcareous soils of Millard County, Utah.
title: The 160-Acre Limitation and Economies of Size: A Case Study in the Uintah Basin
Creators: name: Hatch, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: The purpose of this study was to analyze the economies of size in farming in the Roosevelt- Myton area of the Uintah Basin and to assess their impact on the financial viability of different size farms . This information will be useful in recommending changes to reclamation law.
Farmer interviews were used to obtain cos t s of production for 160 , 320, 640 , and 1280 acre farms . The field data were entered into the Oklahoma State Budget Generator to provide the necessary cost breakdown . This in formation was used to derive a curve approximat ing the long run average cost curve and to determine the viability of different farm sizes. Cash flow problems of beginning farmers are discussed. Conclusions are drawn and implications for existing reclamation law are discussed.
Geometric phases in adiabatic Floquet theory, abelian gerbes and Cheon's anholonomy
Creators: name: Viennot, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the geometric phase phenomenon in the context of the adiabatic Floquet theory (the so-called the $(t,t')$ Floquet theory). A double integration appears in the geometric phase formula because of the presence of two time variables within the theory. We show that the geometric phases are then identified with horizontal lifts of surfaces in an abelian gerbe with connection, rather than with horizontal lifts of curves in an abelian principal bundle. This higher degree in the geometric phase gauge theory is related to the appearance of changes in the Floquet blocks at the transitions between two local charts of the parameter manifold. We present the physical example of a kicked two-level system where these changes are involved via a Cheon's anholonomy. In this context, the analogy between the usual geometric phase theory and the classical field theory also provides an analogy with the classical string theory.
description: This new version presents a more complete geometric structure which is topologically non trivial
Pairing of Cooper pairs in a Josephson junction network containing an impurity
Creators: name: Giuliano, D.
name: Sodano, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how to induce pairing of Cooper pairs (and, thus, $4e$ superconductivity) as a result of local embedding of a quantum impurity in a Josephson network fabricable with conventional junctions. We find that a boundary double Sine-Gordon model provides an accurate description of the dc Josephson current patterns, as well as of the stable phases accessible to the network. We point out that tunneling of pairs of Cooper pairs is robust against quantum fluctuations, as a consequence of the time reversal invariance, arising when the central region of the network is pierced by a dimensionless magnetic flux $ϕ= π$. We find that, for $ϕ= π$, a stable attractive finite coupling fixed point emerges and point out its relevance for engineering a two level quantum system with enhanced coherence.
description: 5 Pages, 5 Figures. Small modifications, ref.[11] added. To appear in EPL
Bounds for the chromatic index of signed multigraphs
Creators: name: Steffen, Eckhard
name: Wolf, Isaak H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The paper studies edge-coloring of signed multigraphs and extends classical Theorems of Shannon and König to signed multigraphs. We prove that the chromatic index of a signed multigraph $(G,σ_G)$ is at most $\lfloor \frac{3}{2} Δ(G) \rfloor$. Furthermore, the chromatic index of a balanced signed multigraph $(H,σ_H)$ is at most $Δ(H) + 1$ and the balanced signed multigraphs with chromatic index $Δ(H)$ are characterized.
description: 8 pages
Superposition rule and entanglement in diagonal and probability representations of density states
Creators: name: Man'ko, Vladimir I.
name: Marmo, Giuseppe
name: Sudarshan, E. C. George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasidistributions corresponding to the diagonal representation of quantum states are discussed within the framework of operator-symbol construction. The tomographic-probability distribution describing the quantum state in the probability representation of quantum mechanics is reviewed. The connection of the diagonal and probability representations is discussed. The superposition rule is considered in terms of the density-operator symbols. The separability and entanglement properties of multipartite quantum systems are formulated as the properties of the density-operator symbols of the system states.
description: Invited talk presented at the XV Central European Workshop on Quantum Optics (Belgrade, Serbia, 30 May -- 3 June 2008), to appear in Physica Scripta T
Power for dry BL Lacertae objects
Creators: name: Paggi, A.
name: Cavaliere, A.
name: Vittorini, V.
name: Tavani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Is it significant that the intrinsic outputs of several BL Lacs are observed to level off at values of about 10^46 erg s^-1? In searching for an answer, we compare gamma-ray observations by the AGILE satellite of the BL Lac S5 0716+714 with those of Mrk 421 and Mrk 501; the former are particularly marked by intense flares up to fluxes of 2 x 10^-6 photons cm^-2 s^-1 in the 0.1-10 GeV energy range. These "dry" BL Lacs show evidence of neither thermal disk emissions nor emission lines signaling any accreting or surrounding gas; the spectral distributions of their pure non-thermal radiations are effectively represented by the synchrotron self-Compton process. With source parameters correspondingly derived and tuned with simultaneous multiwavelength observations, we find for S5 0716+714 a total jet power of about 3 x 10^45 erg s^-1, which makes it one of the brightest dry BL Lacs so far detected in gamma rays. We evaluate the mass of the associated Kerr hole to be around 5 x 10^8 M_sun, implying that the source is significantly gauged in terms of the maximal power around 4 x 10^45 erg s^-1 extractable via the Blandford-Znajek electrodynamical mechanism; other dry BL Lacs observed in gamma rays remain well below that threshold. These findings and those forthcoming from Fermi-LAT will provide a powerful test of electrodynamics in the surroundings of the hole, that are dominated by GR effects.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by A&A
title: Carbon Isotope Ratios of Soil Organic Matter and Their Use in Assessing Community Composition Changes in Curlew Valley, Utah
Creators: name: Dzurec, Ronald S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1980

description: Stable carbon isotope ratios of soils, roots and litter along transects stretching from nearly monospecific stands of Ceratoides lanata , a species possessing c3 photosynthesis, to nearly monospecific stands of Atriplex confertifolia, a species possessing c4 photosynthesis, were analyzed to determine i f changes in the relative dominance of the shrubs have occurred in salt-desert communities. The a13c value , which reflects the proportion of 12c and 13c in a sample of plant tissue, can be used to distinguish between c3 and c4 species. Atriolex confertifolia and Ceratoides lanata have a13c values of -13.0 ofoo and - 25 ofoo, respectively. The a13c value of litter and roots was used as a measure of current community dominance. The a13c value of soil organic matter was employed as a measure of past community dominance . The differential between a13c values of roots and soils was consistently about 3.0 ofoo in Ceratoides- dominated stands. Root a13c values were always more negative than soil a13c values. The striking uniformity in the rootsoil differential l in Ceratuitles- duninateci stands is most likely the result of fractionation of carbon isotopes during decomposition. The differential between a13c values of roots and soils in Atriplexdominated stands was more variable. This most likely indicates a lack of long- term community stability in areas na
The distribution of a13c values in relation to depth and among soil organic matter fractions was also studied. There was a trend for a13c values to become slightly less negative with depth . The a13c value of humic acid was most similar to the o13c value of the dominant vegetation. Fulvic acid was isotopically heavier than humic acid in all analyses. The implications of these trends are discussed.
Optimising Electric Vehicle Charging Station Placement using Advanced Discrete Choice Models
Creators: name: Lamontagne, Steven
name: Carvalho, Margarida
name: Frejinger, Emma
name: Gendron, Bernard
name: Anjos, Miguel F.
name: Atallah, Ribal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new model for finding the optimal placement of electric vehicle charging stations across a multi-period time frame so as to maximise electric vehicle adoption. Via the use of advanced discrete choice models and user classes, this work allows for a granular modelling of user attributes and their preferences in regard to charging station characteristics. Instead of embedding an analytical probability model in the formulation, we adopt a simulation approach and pre-compute error terms for each option available to users for a given number of scenarios. This results in a bilevel optimisation model that is, however, intractable for all but the simplest instances. Using the pre-computed error terms to calculate the users covered by each charging station allows for a maximum covering model, for which solutions can be found more efficiently than for the bilevel formulation. The maximum covering formulation remains intractable in some instances, so we propose rolling horizon, greedy, and GRASP heuristics to obtain good quality solutions more efficiently. Extensive computational results are provided, which compare the maximum covering formulation with the current state-of-the-art, both for exact solutions and the heuristic methods. Keywords: Electric vehicle charging stations, facility location, integer programming, discrete choice models, maximum covering
description: v3. Accepted-as manuscript. Minor alterations, including a link to the data instances. v2.Major revision, but core results unchanged; Revised models, but Greedy and GRASP are still best methods. Merging and reduction of the section for bilevel model. New sections with additional computational results. Minor notation changes and sentence clarifications
Continuous Generalized Symmetries in Three Dimensions
Creators: name: Damia, Jeremias Aguilera
name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Tizzano, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a class of three-dimensional quantum field theories whose ordinary global symmetries mix with higher-form symmetries to form a continuous 2-group. All these models can be obtained by performing a gauging procedure in a parent theory revealing a 't Hooft anomaly in the space of coupling constants when suitable compact scalar background fields are activated. Furthermore, the gauging procedure also implies that our main example has infinitely many non-invertible global symmetries. These can be obtained by dressing the continuous symmetry operators with topological quantum field theories. Finally, we comment on the holographic realization of both 2-group global symmetries and non-invertible symmetries discussed here by introducing a corresponding four-dimensional bulk description in terms of dynamical gauge fields.
description: 35 pages; minor edits and added references
title: Effect of Salinity (NaCl) on Germination, Growth, Ion Accumulation, and Protein Synthesis in Alfalfa (Medicago Sativa L.)
Creators: name: Al-Niemi, Thamir S.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1993

description: To study the effect of NaCl stress on gene expression in alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.), greenhouse and laboratory experiments were conducted with 22 cultivars during germination and post-germination growth. The ability of alfalfa cultivars to germinate at the different NaCl concentrations was not related to their postgermination performance (salt tolerance) under those conditions.
Genetic effects were evident for Na and Cl ion uptake and accumulation in alfalfa shoots and roots. The strategies of alfalfa cultivars to cope with NaCl stress includes exclusion of Na from shoots and Cl from roots or from the whole plant depending on cultivar and NaCl level. The reduction in shoot dry weight was not related to water stress or reduction in Ca, Mg, or chlorophyll concentrations. Results of this study indicated that the reduction in K ion uptake and more directly
the toxic effects of high Na and Cl in plant tissues contributed to the reduction in shoot dry weight . The possible subpartitioning of Na and Cl ions between different tissues, cell types, cell components, and/or the different changes in protein structure and enzyme activity at the high Na and Cl concentrations, independent of total concentration of ions, might also contribute to differences in salt tolerance (shoot dry weight) among cultivars. The factors determining shoot dry weight in alfalfa grown under the different NaCl treatments of this study were not the same for all cultivars.
Sodium chloride stress induced qualitative and quantitative changes in shoot and root proteins of alfalfa. These changes were dependent on cultivar and salt concentration, as well as length of exposure to salt stress.
K-symplectic formalism on Lie algebroids
Creators: name: de Leon, M.
name: de Diego, D. Martin
name: Salgado, M.
name: Vilariño, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D99, 53Z05, 70S05

description: In this paper we introduce a geometric description of Lagrangian and Hamiltonian classical field theories on Lie algebroids in the framework of k-symplectic geometry. We discuss the relation between Lagrangian and Hamiltonian descriptions through a convenient notion of Legendre transformation. The theory is a natural generalization of the standard one; in addition, other interesting examples are studied, in particular, systems with symmetry and Poisson sigma models.
description: 35 pages
Axial GaAs/Ga(As, Bi) nanowire heterostructures
Creators: name: Oliva, Miriam
name: Gao, Guanhui
name: Luna, Esperanza
name: Geelhaar, Lutz
name: Lewis, Ryan B
Publisher: name: Bristol : IOP Publ.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy
subject: Ga(As, Bi)
subject: heterostructures
subject: molecular beam epitaxy
subject: nanowires
subject: transmission electron microscopy
subject: 530

description: Bi-containing III-V semiconductors constitute an exciting class of metastable compounds with wide-ranging potential optoelectronic and electronic applications. However, the growth of III-V-Bi alloys requires group-III-rich growth conditions, which pose severe challenges for planar growth. In this work, we exploit the naturally-Ga-rich environment present inside the metallic droplet of a self-catalyzed GaAs nanowire (NW) to synthesize metastable GaAs/GaAs1-xBi x axial NW heterostructures with high Bi contents. The axial GaAs1-xBi x segments are realized with molecular beam epitaxy by first enriching only the vapor-liquid-solid (VLS) Ga droplets with Bi, followed by exposing the resulting Ga-Bi droplets to As2 at temperatures ranging from 270 °C to 380 °C to precipitate GaAs1-xBi x only under the NW droplets. Microstructural and elemental characterization reveals the presence of single crystal zincblende GaAs1-xBi x axial NW segments with Bi contents up to (10 ± 2)%. This work illustrates how the unique local growth environment present during the VLS NW growth can be exploited to synthesize heterostructures with metastable compounds. © 2019 IOP Publishing Ltd.
A higher-dimensional Chevalley restriction theorem for orthogonal groups
Creators: name: Song, Lei
name: Xia, Xiaopeng
name: Xu, Jinxing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L30 (Primary), 20G05 (Secondary)

description: We prove a higher-dimensional Chevalley restriction theorem for orthogonal groups, which was conjectured by Chen and Ngô for reductive groups. In characteristic $p>2$, we also prove a weaker statement. In characteristic $0$, the theorem implies that the categorical quotient of a commuting scheme by the diagonal adjoint action of the group is integral and normal. As applications, we deduce some trace identities and a certain multiplicative property of the Pfaffian over an arbitrary commutative algebra.
description: 23 pages
Indentation of an elastic disk on a circular supporting ring
Creators: name: Suzanne, Tristan
name: Deschamps, Julien
name: Georgelin, Marc
name: Boedec, Gwenn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thin elastic two-dimensionnal systems under compressive stresses may relieve part of their stretching energy by developing out of plane undulations. We investigate experimentally and theoretically the indentation of an elastic disk supported by a circular ring and show that compressive stresses are relieved via two different routes : either developing \textit{buckles} which are spread over the system or developing a \textit{d-cone} where deformation is concentrated in a subregion of the system. We characterize the indentation threshold for wrinkles or d-cone existence as a function of aspect ratio.
Additional file 1 of Xp22.31 copy number variations in 87 fetuses: refined genotype–phenotype correlations by prenatal and postnatal follow-up
Creators: name: Hu, Huamei
name: Huang, Yulin
name: Hou, Renke
name: Xu, Huanhuan
name: Liu, Yalan
name: Liao, Xueqian
name: Xu, Juchun
name: Jiang, Lupin
name: Wang, Dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file1 Table S1. Characterization of the Xp22.31 duplication for each female fetus
Tailor-Made Functional Polymethacrylates with Dual Characteristics of Self-Healing and Shape-Memory Based on Dynamic Covalent Chemistry
Creators: name: Mondal, Prantik
name: Behera, Prasanta K.
name: Voit, Brigitte
name: Böhme, Frank
name: Singha, Nikhil K.
Publisher: name: New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley InterScience
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: polymethacrylate
subject: recyclable materials
subject: self-healing materials
subject: shape-memory
subject: “click” chemistry
subject: 540

description: New shape memory polymers with self-healing behavior are obtained by thermoreversible Diels–Alder (DA) cross-linking of a furfuryl group-containing star-block copolymer with 1,1'-(methylenedi-4,1-phenylene)bismaleimide. The star-block copolymer consisting of a 3-arm polycaprolactone (PCL) core and a polyfurfuryl methacrylate shell is synthesized by reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. For this, a 3-arm macro-RAFT agent based on PCL is converted with an appropriate amount of furfuryl methacrylate in the presence of a radical initiator. Films of the DA network are partly insoluble at ambient temperatures. After annealing at 120 °C the films become completely soluble because of the progressing retro-DA reaction. Evaporation of the solvent and subsequent annealing at 60 °C restores the original insoluble state of the material. By means of a scratch test and tensile tests on cut and subsequently mended samples it is shown that the retro-DA reaction facilitates self-healing. Additionally, the films show pronounced shape memory effects with reasonable shape recovery and fixity ratios, which are attributed to the melting and crystallization of the PCL phase. © 2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim
Latent-Domain Predictive Neural Speech Coding
Creators: name: Jiang, Xue
name: Peng, Xiulian
name: Xue, Huaying
name: Zhang, Yuan
name: Lu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Neural audio/speech coding has recently demonstrated its capability to deliver high quality at much lower bitrates than traditional methods. However, existing neural audio/speech codecs employ either acoustic features or learned blind features with a convolutional neural network for encoding, by which there are still temporal redundancies within encoded features. This paper introduces latent-domain predictive coding into the VQ-VAE framework to fully remove such redundancies and proposes the TF-Codec for low-latency neural speech coding in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, the extracted features are encoded conditioned on a prediction from past quantized latent frames so that temporal correlations are further removed. Moreover, we introduce a learnable compression on the time-frequency input to adaptively adjust the attention paid to main frequencies and details at different bitrates. A differentiable vector quantization scheme based on distance-to-soft mapping and Gumbel-Softmax is proposed to better model the latent distributions with rate constraint. Subjective results on multilingual speech datasets show that, with low latency, the proposed TF-Codec at 1 kbps achieves significantly better quality than Opus at 9 kbps, and TF-Codec at 3 kbps outperforms both EVS at 9.6 kbps and Opus at 12 kbps. Numerous studies are conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of these techniques.
description: Accepted by IEEE/ACM TRANSACTIONS ON AUDIO, SPEECH, AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING (TASLP)
title: The Effects of Artificial Destratification on Water Quality in Hyrum Reservoir
Creators: name: Gill, John W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: Hyrum Reservoir , Utah, was studied for one year during an artificial destratification project. Previously Drury et al. (1975) had studied Hyrum Reservoir for one year of stratified and one year of destratified conditions. The redistribution of dissolved oxygen to the hypolimnion significantly changed conditions for chemical and biological activities in the lower depths of the reservoir. The Aphanizomenon bloom increased with each year of destratification. The reservoir was changed by destratification so as to be suitable habitat for trout on a year round basis. Aerobic condi tions prevented iron from being released from the sediment into the aqueous phase . In summary the water quality of Hyrum Reservoir was highly affected by algal blooms, the interaction of bottom sediments with overlying waters especially in conjunction with spring and fall overturn, and the impact of materials and water flow from the Little Bear River.
Quantum Smoluchowski equation: A systematic study
Creators: name: Maier, Stefan A.
name: Ankerhold, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong friction regime at low temperatures is analyzed systematically starting from the formally exact path integral expression for the reduced dynamics. This quantum Smoluchowski regime allows for a type of semiclassical treatment in the inverse friction strength so that higher order quantum corrections to the original quantum Smoluchowski equation [PRL 87, 086802 (2001), PRL 101, 11903 (2008)] can be derived. Drift and diffusion coefficients are determined by the equilibrium distribution in position and are directly related to the corresponding action of extremal paths and fluctuations around them. It is shown that the inclusion of higher order corrections reproduces the quantum enhancement above crossover for the decay rate out of a metastable well exactly.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Average prime-pair counting formula
Creators: name: Korevaar, Jaap
name: Riele, Herman te
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P32; 65-05

description: Taking $r>0$, let $π_{2r}(x)$ denote the number of prime pairs $(p, p+2r)$ with $p\le x$. The prime-pair conjecture of Hardy and Littlewood (1923) asserts that $π_{2r}(x)\sim 2C_{2r} {\rm li}_2(x)$ with an explicit constant $C_{2r}>0$. There seems to be no good conjecture for the remainders $ω_{2r}(x)=π_{2r}(x)- 2C_{2r} {\rm li}_2(x)$ that corresponds to Riemann's formula for $π(x)-{\rm li}(x)$. However, there is a heuristic approximate formula for averages of the remainders $ω_{2r}(x)$ which is supported by numerical results.
description: 26 pages, 6 figures
Gauge-equivariant flow models for sampling in lattice field theories with pseudofermions
Creators: name: Abbott, Ryan
name: Albergo, Michael S.
name: Boyda, Denis
name: Cranmer, Kyle
name: Hackett, Daniel C.
name: Kanwar, Gurtej
name: Racanière, Sébastien
name: Rezende, Danilo J.
name: Romero-López, Fernando
name: Shanahan, Phiala E.
name: Tian, Betsy
name: Urban, Julian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work presents gauge-equivariant architectures for flow-based sampling in fermionic lattice field theories using pseudofermions as stochastic estimators for the fermionic determinant. This is the default approach in state-of-the-art lattice field theory calculations, making this development critical to the practical application of flow models to theories such as QCD. Methods by which flow-based sampling approaches can be improved via standard techniques such as even/odd preconditioning and the Hasenbusch factorization are also outlined. Numerical demonstrations in two-dimensional U(1) and SU(3) gauge theories with $N_f=2$ flavors of fermions are provided.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures. v3: accepted version for publication. New appendix C
Additional file 2 of Xp22.31 copy number variations in 87 fetuses: refined genotype–phenotype correlations by prenatal and postnatal follow-up
Creators: name: Hu, Huamei
name: Huang, Yulin
name: Hou, Renke
name: Xu, Huanhuan
name: Liu, Yalan
name: Liao, Xueqian
name: Xu, Juchun
name: Jiang, Lupin
name: Wang, Dan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2 Table S2. Characterization of the Xp22.31 duplication for each male fetus
The type Ib supernova 2010O: an explosion in a Wolf-Rayet X-ray binary?
Creators: name: Nelemans, G.
name: Voss, R.
name: Nielsen, M. T. B.
name: Roelofs, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The type Ib supernova 2010O was recently discovered in the interacting starburst galaxy Arp 299. We present an analysis of two archival Chandra X-ray observations of Arp 299, taken before the explosion and show that there is a transient X-ray source at a position consistent with the supernova. Due to the diffuse emission, the background is difficult to estimate. We estimate the flux of the transient from the difference of the two X-ray images and conclude that the transient can be described by a 0.225 keV black body with a luminosity of 2.5+/-0.7 10^{39} erg/s for a distance of 41 Mpc. These properties put the transient in between the Galactic black hole binary XTE J1550-564 and the ultra-luminous X-ray binaries NGC 1313 X-1 and X-2. The high level of X-ray variability associated with the active starburst makes it impossible to rule out a chance alignment. If the source is associated with the supernova, it suggests SN2010O is the explosion of the second star in a Wolf-Rayet X-ray binary, such as Cyg X-3, IC 10 X-1 and NGC 300 X-1.
description: Accepted version. To appear in MNRAS.
Uniqueness and stability of limit cycles in planar piecewise linear differential systems without sliding region
Creators: name: Carmona, Victoriano
name: Fernández-Sánchez, Fernando
name: Novaes, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the family of planar piecewise linear differential systems with two zones separated by a straight line without sliding regions, that is, differential systems whose flow transversally crosses the switching line except for at most one point. In the research literature, many papers deal with the problem of determining the maximum number of limit cycles that these differential systems can have. This problem has been usually approached via large case-by-case analyses which distinguish the many different possibilities for the spectra of the matrices of the differential systems. Here, by using a novel integral characterization of Poincaré half-maps, we prove, without unnecessary distinctions of matrix spectra, that the optimal uniform upper bound for the number of limit cycles of these differential systems is one. In addition, it is proven that this limit cycle, if it exists, is hyperbolic and its stability is determined by a simple condition in terms of the parameters of the system. As a byproduct of our analysis, a condition for the existence of the limit cycle is also derived.
description: To appear in Communications in Nonlinear Science and Numerical Simulation
Exotic instanton counting and heterotic/type I' duality
Creators: name: Billo', Marco
name: Ferro, Livia
name: Frau, Marialuisa
name: Gallot, Laurent
name: Lerda, Alberto
name: Pesando, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the partition function for the exotic instanton system corresponding to D-instantons on D7 branes in Type I' theory. We exploit the BRST structure of the moduli action and its deformation by RR background to fully localize the integration. The resulting prepotential describes non-perturbative corrections to the quartic couplings of the gauge field F living on the D7's. The results match perfectly those obtained in the dual heterotic theory from a protected 1-loop computation, thus providing a non-trivial test of the duality itself.
description: 42 pages, 3 figures
5d/4d U-dualities and N=8 black holes
Creators: name: Ceresole, Anna
name: Ferrara, Sergio
name: Gnecchi, Alessandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the connection between the U-duality groups in d=5 and d=4 to derive properties of the N=8 black hole potential and its critical points (attractors). This approach allows to study and compare the supersymmetry features of different solutions.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX; some notations cleared up; final version on Phys. Rev. D