cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Handbook on Rice Policy for Asia
Creators: name: Tobias, Annette
name: Molina, Imelda
name: Valera, Harold Glenn
name: Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
name: Tobias, Annette
name: Molina, Imelda
name: Valera, Harold Glenn
name: Mottaleb, Khondoker Abdul
name: Mohanty, Samarendu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Agricultural policies in Asia are historically pervasive, especially those pertaining to rice—a staple for half of the global population and a source of livelihood for nearly a billion people. Because of its strategic and political importance, the rice sector has been subject to a number of policy interventions. The objective of this handbook is to explain the current policy structure in the major rice-producing and rice-consuming countries in Asia. Many Asian countries have revamped their efforts in recent years to achieve rice self-sufficiency and stabilize domestic prices through stronger policy interventions. To insulate the domestic market from global uncertainty, a majority of Asian countries control the movement of rice in and out of the country through a variety of trade measures, including state trading and quantitative trade restrictions. A few rice-exporting countries set minimum export prices to ensure availability of rice for their domestic consumers by controlling exports and in some cases countries even temporarily banned rice exports. On the domestic front, many large rice-growing countries have increased the minimum support price for farmers and introduced many short-term policy measures to subsidize inputs such as fertilizer, seed, electricity, and fuel to expand domestic rice production. Net rice-importing countries, on the other hand, besides implementing policies to enhance domestic production by providing incentives to farmers, also provide a price subsidy on rice to make it affordable to poorer consumers. Governments often adopt highly crafted programs designed to raise the income of farmers by enhancing rice production. This includes the use of price floors, subsidized loans, payments to encourage fallow area, etc. The policies related to production, consumption, and stock of rice can be broadly categorized as domestic policies since any change in these policies mainly affects the behavior of local producers or consumers. In this handbook, rice policies pursued by the major rice-producing and rice-consuming countries in Asia are compiled. This handbook clearly demonstrates that a number of major rice-exporting countries adopted some measures to create a buffer domestic rice market, such as imposing an export ban for a short period and setting minimum export prices to ensure an available rice supply in the domestic market (India and Vietnam). In contrast, major rice-importing countries lifted the tariff on imported rice without giving any special treatment to domestic producers to ensure an available rice supply in the domestic market (Nepal and Bangladesh).
Higher order derivatives extension of Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics in the presence of field sources and material boundaries
Creators: name: Borges, L. H. C.
name: Barone, F. A.
name: Oliveira, H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we consider some new classical effects obtained for a planar electrodynamics with the presence of a higher order derivatives term. The model can be interpreted as a kind of extension for the $3d$ Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics with higher order derivatives. We consider setups with stationary field sources describing point-like charges and Dirac points. We also investigate this model with the presence of a conducting line (in $3d$ dimensions, it is the equivalent of a conducting plate in $4d$ dimensions). In this case we calculate the propagator for the gauge field and the interaction force between the conducting line and a point-like charge, as well as the force between the conducting line and a Dirac point, the source for vortex field solutions. It is shown that the image method is not valid in any case. We also compare the obtained results along the paper with the corresponding ones obtained with the standard Maxwell-Chern-Simons electrodynamics [1].
description: 3 figures, 15 latex pages, accepted for publication
Dissolving four-manifolds and positive scalar curvature
Creators: name: Hanke, B.
name: Kotschick, D.
name: Wehrheim, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R57; 53C25; 57R55

description: We prove that many simply connected symplectic four-manifolds dissolve after connected sum with only one copy of $S^{2}\times S^{2}$. For any finite group G that acts freely on the three-sphere we construct closed smooth four-manifolds with fundamental group G which do not admit metrics of positive scalar curvature, but whose universal covers do admit such metrics.
description: 13 pages; to appear in Mathematische Zeitschrift
Flavor Non-universal Vector Leptoquark Imprints in $K\to πν\bar ν$ and $ΔF = 2$ Transitions
Creators: name: Crosas, Òscar L.
name: Isidori, Gino
name: Lizana, Javier M.
name: Selimovic, Nudzeim
name: Stefanek, Ben A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze $K\to πν\bar ν$ rates in a model with a TeV-scale leptoquark addressing $B$-meson anomalies, based on the flavor non-universal 4321 gauge group featuring third-generation quark-lepton unification. We show that, together with the tight bounds imposed by $ΔF = 2$ amplitudes, the present measurement of $\mathcal{B}(K^+ \to π^+ ν\barν)$ already provides a non-trivial constraint on the model parameter space. In the minimal version of the model, the deviations from the Standard Model in $\mathcal{B}(K^+ \to π^+ ν\barν)$ are predicted to be in close correlation with non-standard effects in the Lepton Flavor Universality ratios $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$. With the help of future data, these correlations can provide a decisive test of the model.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, version accepted for publication in PLB
D5.1 Robots and grippers communication and control interfaces – initial version
Creators: name: CASP, COMAU, IIT, TEK, LMS, TF-CC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Deliverable D5.1 aims to collect the initial version of all the interfaces that are being designed and developed for all the robots and grippers that will be used throughout the MASTERLY project.
Development of trust based access control models using fuzzy logic in cloud computing
Creators: name: Kesarwani, Abhishek
name: Khilar, Pabitra Mohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cloud computing is the technology that provides different types of services as a useful resource on the Internet. Resource trust value will help the cloud users to select the services of a cloud provider for processing and storing their essential information. Also, service providers can give access to users based on trust value to secure cloud resources from malicious users. In this paper, trust models are proposed, which comes under the subjective trust model based on the behavior of user and service provider to calculate the trust values. The trust is fuzzy, which motivated us to apply fuzzy logic for calculating the trust values of the cloud users and service providers in the cloud environment. We use a Mamdani fuzzy method with gauss membership function for fuzzification and triangular membership function for defuzzification. Parameters such as performance and elasticity are taken for trust evaluation of the resource. The attributes for calculating performance are workload and response time. And for calculating elasticity, we have taken scalability, availability, security, and usability. The fuzzy C-means clustering is applied to parameters for evaluating the trust value of users such as bad requests, bogus requests, unauthorized requests, and total requests.
Planthoppers: New Threats to the Sustainability of Intensive Rice Production Systems in Asia
Creators: name: Heong, K.L.
name: Hardy, B.
name: Heong, K.L.
name: Hardy, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Rice is the staple food for around half the world’s people and about three-quarters of a billion of the world’s poor depend on rice. Each year, an additional 50 million rice consumers are added to the world population, which means that rice production will need to increase markedly. Lowland rice provides more than 75% of the world’s annual supply. For the world rice supply, these areas are likely to intensify through new high-yielding varieties and improved cultivation practices. But they are also vulnerable to threats from pests. With increases in agricultural labor and inputs, farmers face a dilemma as their income is squeezed. Adding more burden to their livelihoods are unstable yields caused by pest outbreaks. One of the most devastating pests that threatened the Green Revolution in the 1970s and ’80s was the brown planthopper. In 1977, the International Rice Research Institute (IRRI) convened the first brown planthopper conference to outline management strategies that included rice varieties resistant to pests, cultural practices, and integrated pest management (IPM) measures. IRRI’s research in the 1990s clearly demonstrated that brown planthoppers were secondary pests, brought about by insecticide misuse. IRRI therefore developed IPM and communication strategies using a heuristics approach to motivate farmers to reduce their early-season spraying. This campaign reduced farmers’ insecticide use by 53% and lowered vulnerability to outbreaks on thousands of rice farms in Vietnam and Thailand. International agencies, such as FAO, the World Bank, and UNDP, provided IPM training that focused on conserving natural biological control and reducing pesticide use for thousands of farmers. These efforts seemed to keep planthopper pests below damaging levels in most countries. However, the past few years showed signs of a return of this potential threat to rice production. IRRI therefore convened a second conference on rice planthoppers in 2008 to explore new approaches to developing sustainable management strategies. Today, three major species of rice planthoppers (brown planthopper, whitebacked planthopper, and small brown planthopper) have been reported as a menace in Bangladesh, Cambodia, China, India, Indonesia, Japan, Korea, Laos, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Vietnam. They transmit five virus diseases and can cause massive damages. Researchers are working to determine why planthoppers are again threatening rice crops. Since the last planthopper conference at IRRI, many scientific articles and books on planthoppers and numerous developments in research on biology, ecology, and biotechnology have become available. This book provides summaries and analyses of the key works and issues and provides details on management approaches.
Bringing Hope, Improving Lives
Creators: name: International Rice Research Institutes
name: International Rice Research Institutes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: We describe herein the changing world that has rendered the previous plan out-of--date because the changes are happening so fast and have by no means stopped; the world of rice in particular is in a rapid demographic, technological, and social transition (Chapter 1). We then describe the broad foundation of successful collaboration in which IRRI has continued to work with many institutions across disciplines, localities, and ecosystems (Chapter 2). This has positioned the Institute to respond with substantial optimism to both the known and as yet unknown new challenges implied by these ongoing changes toward helping achieve the MDGs, especially the three related to hunger and poverty, environmental sustainability, and nutrition and health. The plan that we present has five strategic goals that contribute to addressing each of the MDGs. Together they represent a changed role for IRRI, perhaps one of the most significant changes in its 46-year history (Chapter 3). IRRI will shift from filling the rice bowl to filling the purse, from general crop management to environmentally sustainable management and adaptation to climate change, and with greater concern about health aspects and the nutritional value of rice. It will send our scientists more into country offices around Asia and for the first time since the late 1990s into the newly prominent rice fields of sub-Saharan Africa. IRRI will address not only rice but also ways in which farmers can diversify their crops to improve their incomes.
Modeling and Speciation Study of Uranium(VI) and Technetium(VII) with TBP
Creators: name: Moeyaert, Pauline
name: Dumas, Thomas
name: Guillaumont, Dominique
name: Solari, Pier Lorenzo
name: Lefebvre, Claire
name: Thevenet, Alexiane
name: Sorel, Christian
name: Moisy, Philippe
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Among the fission products present in the spent nuclear fuel, technetium exhibits a singular behavior in reprocessing operations performed by solvent extraction. Indeed, this strong acid readily dissociates to form the oxo-anion TcO4− that may interfere with uranium(VI), plutonium(IV), and zirconium(IV) in the extraction cycles of the PUREX process. This paper focuses on the uranium-technetium complex with TBP and on its non-radioactive rhenium surrogate. Despite the large set of distribution data available for rhenium and technetium extraction with TBP, the structures of the co-extracted complexes remain largely unknown. However, it is important to understand clearly the extraction mechanism of technetium with TBP in the PUREX process to optimize the separation process and to model its behavior during the extraction steps. Based on distribution data available in the literature, a thermodynamic model was developed for the extraction of technetium with TBP for a large excess of uranium(VI) in organic phase. A good representation of uranium and technetium distribution data was thus obtained when considering the formation of (HTcO4)(TBP)n complexes, as well as mixed UO2(NO3)(TcO4)(HNO3)x(TBP)n, complexes. In the complex UO2(NO3)2(HNO3)x(TBP)n., one pertechnetate anion replaces one nitrate in the uranium coordination sphere. Combination of complementary spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and X-ray absorption) supported by theoretical calculations (density functional theory) with organic phases containing a large excess of technetium(VII) or rhenium(VII) enabled full characterization of the limit mixed uranium−technetium species and also of mixed uranium-rhenium species. Details on the coordination of the uranium-technetium complex are provided with the help of DFT calculations and XAS measurements.
Transition Property for $α$-Power Free Languages with $α\geq 2$ and $k\geq 3$ Letters
Creators: name: Rukavicka, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1985, Restivo and Salemi presented a list of five problems concerning power free languages. Problem $4$ states: Given $α$-power-free words $u$ and $v$, decide whether there is a transition from $u$ to $v$. Problem $5$ states: Given $α$-power-free words $u$ and $v$, find a transition word $w$, if it exists. Let $Σ_k$ denote an alphabet with $k$ letters. Let $L_{k,α}$ denote the $α$-power free language over the alphabet $Σ_k$, where $α$ is a rational number or a rational "number with $+$". If $α$ is a "number with $+$" then suppose $k\geq 3$ and $α\geq 2$. If $α$ is "only" a number then suppose $k=3$ and $α>2$ or $k>3$ and $α\geq 2$. We show that: If $u\in L_{k,α}$ is a right extendable word in $L_{k,α}$ and $v\in L_{k,α}$ is a left extendable word in $L_{k,α}$ then there is a (transition) word $w$ such that $uwv\in L_{k,α}$. We also show a construction of the word $w$.
Spin Relaxation Caused by Thermal Excitations of High Frequency Modes of Cantilever Vibrations
Creators: name: Berman, G. P.
name: Gorshkov, V. N.
name: Rugar, D.
name: Tsifrinovich, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the process of spin relaxation in the oscillating cantilever-driven adiabatic reversals technique in magnetic resonance force microscopy. We simulated the spin relaxation caused by thermal excitations of the high frequency cantilever modes in the region of the Rabi frequency of the spin sub-system. The minimum relaxation time obtained in our simulations is greater but of the same order of magnitude as one measured in recent experiments. We demonstrated that using a cantilever with nonuniform cross-sectional area may significantly increase spin relaxation time.
description: 12 pages RevTex
On-device Filtering of Social Media Images for Efficient Storage
Creators: name: Jain, Dhruval
name: Mohanty, DP
name: Roy, Sanjeev
name: Purre, Naresh
name: Moharana, Sukumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Artificially crafted images such as memes, seasonal greetings, etc are flooding the social media platforms today. These eventually start occupying a lot of internal memory of smartphones and it gets cumbersome for the user to go through hundreds of images and delete these synthetic images. To address this, we propose a novel method based on Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) for the on-device filtering of social media images by classifying these synthetic images and allowing the user to delete them in one go. The custom model uses depthwise separable convolution layers to achieve low inference time on smartphones. We have done an extensive evaluation of our model on various camera image datasets to cover most aspects of images captured by a camera. Various sorts of synthetic social media images have also been tested. The proposed solution achieves an accuracy of 98.25% on the Places-365 dataset and 95.81% on the Synthetic image dataset that we have prepared containing 30K instances.
System Level Synthesis via Dynamic Programming
Creators: name: Tseng, Shih-Hao
name: Alonso}, Carmen {Amo
name: Han, SooJean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: System Level Synthesis (SLS) parametrization facilitates controller synthesis for large, complex, and distributed systems by incorporating system level constraints (SLCs) into a convex SLS problem and mapping its solution to stable controller design. Solving the SLS problem at scale efficiently is challenging, and current attempts take advantage of special system or controller structures to speed up the computation in parallel. However, those methods do not generalize as they rely on the specific system/controller properties. We argue that it is possible to solve general SLS problems more efficiently by exploiting the structure of SLS constraints. In particular, we derive dynamic programming (DP) algorithms to solve SLS problems. In addition to the plain SLS without any SLCs, we extend DP to tackle infinite horizon SLS approximation and entrywise linear constraints, which form a superclass of the locality constraints. Comparing to convex program solver and naive analytical derivation, DP solves SLS 4 to 12 times faster and scales with little computation overhead. We also quantize the cost of synthesizing a controller that stabilizes the system in a finite horizon through simulations.
QCD Quark Condensate from SUSY and the Orientifold Large-N Expansion
Creators: name: Armoni, A.
name: Shifman, M.
name: Veneziano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the quark condensate in one-flavor massless QCD from the known value of the gluino condensate in SUSY Yang-Mills theory using our newly proposed "orientifold" large-N expansion. The numerical result for the quark condensate renormalized at the scale 2 GeV is then given as a function of alpha_s(2 GeV) and of possible corrections from sub-leading terms. Our value can be compared with the quark condensate in (quenched) lattice QCD or with the one extracted from the Gell-Mann--Oakes--Renner relation by virtue of non-lattice determinations of the quark masses. In both cases we find quite a remarkable agreement.
description: 15 pages, LaTex
Technologies for Improving Rural Livelihoods in Rainfed Systems in South Asia
Creators: name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Hossain, Mahabub
name: Paris, Thelma
name: Hardy, Bill
name: Gorsuch, Joyce
name: Islam, Zahirul
name: Hossain, Mahabub
name: Paris, Thelma
name: Hardy, Bill
name: Gorsuch, Joyce
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The project "Accelerating Technology Adoption to Improve Rural Livelihoods in the Rainfed Eastern Gangetic Plains" jointly administered by CGIAR centers (IRRI, CIMMYT, and ICRAF), led to the production of this document. It contains three major sections (A) project implementation, which briefly describes how the project was implemented and the benefits of adopting the technologies selected for scaling up; (B) case stories, which recounts successful cases; and (C) Technical Advisory Notes (TANs), which covers diverse categories of technologies such as cropping systems, improved varieties, crop establishment methods, and nutrient management and technologies that provide supplementary income for landless and marginal farmers. This document will be useful in improving the livelihoods of the rural poor of South Asia.
Onalcidion obscurum Gilmour 1957
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Onalcidion
Onalcidion obscurum

description: 2. Onalcidion obscurum Gilmour, 1957
Type locality — Venezuela, Caracas. (MAGD). Distribution — Venezuela.
 Onalcidion obscurum Gilmour, 1957: 12, fig. 2; Monné & Martins, 1976: 55.
 Onalcidion pictulum; Monné, 1990a: 274 (error).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
title: Effects of Passive Avoidance Training on Calcium Flux in Chick Forebrain.
Creators: name: Chaudhury, Dipesh
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: Calcium flux via voltage sensitive calcium channels (VSCC) was studied after passive avoidance training in the day-old chick. Intracellular free calcium concentration [Ca2+]i, after depolarisation with 70mM KC1> was measured using the calcium chelator fiira-2/AM in the crude membrane preparations from the IMHV and LPO of chicks. Experiments showed a significant increase in KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]i in the left IMHV of birds tested immediately after training compared to quiet birds (Q) and water trained birds (W). This increase was sustained in the left IMHV of birds tested 30 minutes after training. There was no significant difference between any of the groups of birds tested at later times. There was no significant increase in KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]i in the right IMHV of trained birds at any of the times tested. Significant elevation in KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]iwas also detected, in both the left and right LPO, of birds tested 5 minutes after training; which was still evident in birds tested 10 minutes after training. There was no significant difference between any of the treatment groups in the left or right LPO at any of the other times tested.

 Addition of different VSCC antagonists; such as co-conotoxin GVIA (N-type blocker), ω-conotoxin MVHC (N/P/Q-type blocker), nimodipine (L-type blocker), and co-agatoxin IVA (P-type blocker), were all shown to inhibit KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]i elevation in the crude membrane preparation from the IMHV of untrained chicks. Addition of ω-conotoxin GVIA, nimodipine or co-conotoxin MVHC into the crude membranes from the left or right IMHV of chicks, tested immediately after training, showed greater inhibition in the left IMHV of trained birds compared to Q- and W-birds. There was no difference in inhibition in the right IMHV between any of the treatment groups.

 The GABAergic receptors, GABAA and GABAB both inhibited KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]i elevation in crude membranes prepared from the IMHV of untrained chicks. Furthermore, the GABAB receptor antagonists were shown to exhibit some atypical properties. GABAB receptors were shown to evoke greater inhibition on KCl-stimulated [Ca2+]i elevation in crude membranes prepared from the IMHV of chicks tested 30 minutes after training compared to untrained birds and birds that were tested 5 minutes after training.
title: Copper complexes of polyazacryptands.
Creators: name: Lu, Qin
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: Dicopper complexes of L1-L5, which are obtained from [2+3] condensation of tris-(2-aminoethyl)amine with a series of dialdehydes, have been synthesized. X-ray structure determination has been carried on [Cu2L1]O3SCF3]2, [Cu2L2][BF4]2, [Cu2L4][ClO4]2, and [Cu<2(L5-3H)]C104. NMR spectra of dicopper(I) complexes of L1-L5 indicate that all the ligands adopt a convergent conformation upon encapsulating a pair of Cu(I) ions. Cyclic voltammetry studies reveal that dicopper(I) complexes in this series are stable either thermodynamically or Idnetically under aerobic conditions. Dicopper(II) complexes are hydrolytically sensitive and ring-opening reactions occur followed by the hydrolytic attack on the imino C=N double bond(s).
 Octaamino cryptands RL-RL5 have been synthesized through hydrogenation of L1-L5 with NaBH4. They are good hosts for a pair of Cu(II) ions whereas their dicopper(I) complexes are air-sensitive. Three type of bridging ligands, OH-, im-, and N3-, are incorporated into the dicopper(II) cryptâtes and their structural, spectroscopic, and magnetic properties have been investigated. Variable temperature magnetic susceptibility studies combined with X-ray crystallography and EPR spectroscopy demonstrate the effect of unusually large bridge angle, such as collinear Cu-0(H)-Cu or Cu-N=N=N-Cu linkage, on the magnetic exchange between the two Cu(II) ions in the bridged dicopper(H) cryptates.
title: The Genetics of Susceptibility to Leprosy
Creators: name: Meisner, Sarah
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: There is strong evidence that genetic factors play a role in susceptibility to leprosy. Although the major histocompatibility complex is known to play a part, it does not account for the whole picture. Recent advances in genetic technology have made it possible to identify loci involved in complex traits. In this thesis I discuss two contrasting approaches: a genome-wide search for the detection of major genes, and candidate gene association studies capable of detecting smaller genetic effects.

 242 affected sibling pairs with leprosy were identified in Tamil Nadu in South India. DNA extracted from their blood was used to perform a two-stage genome wide search. Initially 92 families were screened using 293 polymorphic microsatellite markers. A further 96 families were then used to rescreen the markers that showed lod scores suggestive of linkage. Markers on chromosomes 2, 6, 10, 16 and 17 showed increased sharing which could be consistent with the presence of minor genes. These regions include some interesting candidate genes that warrant further investigation.

 Association studies were performed on 5 candidate gaies using cases and controls from South India, Bengal, and Mali: Interleukins-4 and —10, tumour necrosis factor (INF), vitamin D receptor, and the natural resistance associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1). An association was found between the NRAMP1 1729+55del4 polymorphism and leprosy type in a population from Mali, mutant homozygotes being susceptible to paucibacillary leprosy whilst heterozygotes were susceptible to multibacillary leprosy (x2 =8.88, p=0.00288 OR=5.79{CI 1.46-24.61}). These findings persisted after logistic regression to allow for region and ethnicity. This association was not observed in the South Indian cases and controls. A borderline association was found between the TNF — 238 polymorphism and susceptibility to leprosy in a South Indian population, cases having an excess of the common allele compared to controls (2x2 x2 = 4.12, p=0.042 OR=1.68{CI 0.98-2.87}).
Economic Costs of Drought and Rice Farmers’ Coping Mechanisms: A Cross-Country Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Pandey, S.
name: Bhandari, H.
name: Hardy, B.
name: Pandey, S.
name: Bhandari, H.
name: Hardy, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The nature and frequency of drought in subhumid regions, its impact on farmers' livelihoods, farmers' drought-coping strategies, and the welfare implications of drought have not been adequately studied. Analyses of drought characteristics, drought impacts, and household coping mechanisms are important for understanding the nature of risk and vulnerability associated with drought and for formulating various interventions for effective drought mitigation. This book examine these issues through a cross-country comparative study of the impact of drought and farmers' coping mechanisms. The countries included in the study are China, Thailand, and India. These countries vary in climatic conditions, level of economic development, rice yield, and institutional and policy contexts of rice farming. Comparative analyses of the impact of drought and responses from these varying conditions can provide better insights than studies of individual countries conducted separately.
Open Challenge for Correcting Errors of Speech Recognition Systems
Creators: name: Kubis, Marek
name: Vetulani, Zygmunt
name: Wypych, Mikołaj
name: Ziętkiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The paper announces the new long-term challenge for improving the performance of automatic speech recognition systems. The goal of the challenge is to investigate methods of correcting the recognition results on the basis of previously made errors by the speech processing system. The dataset prepared for the task is described and evaluation criteria are presented.
Charting New Pathways to C4 Rice
Creators: name: Sheehy, J.E.
name: Mitchell, P.L.
name: Hardy, B.
name: Sheehy, J.E.
name: Mitchell, P.L.
name: Hardy, B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: World-renowned experts offer special insights into the various forms of C4 photosynthesis, and how they might be introduced to rice. There are differences of opinion (contrasting hypotheses) between scientists as to which form of C4 photosynthesis (single-cell and dual-cell systems) can be achieved most rapidly in rice and the ultimate effectiveness of the different forms in delivering significant yield. This book explores those differences. It begins with a broad perspective of the economic problems surrounding rice and the potential impact of failing to contain upward pressure on food prices on the poor. This book also provides critical discussion and evaluation of the new pathways to C4 rice. As a result, IRRI has formed a C4 Rice Consortium to stimulate and conduct the research needed to invent C4 rice.
Intermediate redshift calibration of Gamma-ray Bursts and cosmic constraints in non-flat cosmology
Creators: name: Luongo, Orlando
name: Muccino, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose how to calibrate long gamma-ray burst (GRB) correlations employing intermediate redshift data sets, instead of limiting to $z\simeq0$ catalogs. To do so, we examine the most updated observational Hubble data (OHD) and baryonic acoustic oscillations (BAO). We exploit the model-independent technique of Bézier polynomial interpolation, alleviating de facto the well-known circularity problem affecting GRB correlations. To get constraints on cosmic parameters, using Markov chain Monte Carlo Metropolis algorithm, we distinguish the influence on BAO scale, $r_{\rm s}$, Hubble constant $H_0$, luminosity distance $D_{\rm L}(z)$ and spatial curvature $Ω_k$. Inspired by the fact that a few 0.4$\%$ error on $r_{\rm s}$ is got from Planck results, utterly small compared with current BAO measurement errors, we discern two main cases, namely $(r_{\rm s}/r_{\rm s}^{\rm fid})=1$ and $(r_{\rm s}/r_{\rm s}^{\rm fid})\neq1$. For each occurrence, we first fix and then leave free the Universe's spatial curvature. In all our treatments, we make use of the well-consolidated \textit{Amati} correlation, furnishing tighter constraints on the mass density than previous literature. In particular, our findings turn out to be highly more compatible with those got, adopting the $Λ$CDM paradigm, with standard candle indicators. Finally, we critically re-examine the recent $H_0$ tension in view of our outcomes.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Househols Response to Changes in Retail Prices for Dairy Products-- Some New Evidence
Creators: name: Boehm, William T.
name: Boehm, William T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The overall objective of the research was to identify and analyze the structure of the household demand 1 for. selected major dairy products and in so doing provide, for policy purposes, numerical estimates of the demand response parameters. The study focus was on isolating the response in household purchasing to changes in retail prices and incomes. The purpose of this paper is to present. research results which isolate the estimated price response parameters and in do doing discuss the implications of these results for dairy industry policy and research in the late 1970's.
Interfaces and the extended Hilbert space of Chern-Simons theory
Creators: name: Fliss, Jackson R.
name: Leigh, Robert G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low energy effective field theories of $(2+1)$ dimensional topological phases of matter provide powerful avenues for investigating entanglement in their ground states. In \cite{Fliss:2017wop} the entanglement between distinct Abelian topological phases was investigated through Abelian Chern-Simons theories equipped with a set of topological boundary conditions (TBCs). In the present paper we extend the notion of a TBC to non-Abelian Chern-Simons theories, providing an effective description for a class of gapped interfaces across non-Abelian topological phases. These boundary conditions furnish a defining relation for the extended Hilbert space of the quantum theory and allow the calculation of entanglement directly in the gauge theory. Because we allow for trivial interfaces, this includes a generic construction of the extended Hilbert space in any (compact) Chern-Simons theory quantized on a Riemann surface. Additionally, this provides a constructive and principled definition for the Hilbert space of effective ground states of gapped phases of matter glued along gapped interfaces. Lastly, we describe a generalized notion of surgery, adding a powerful tool from topological field theory to the gapped interface toolbox.
description: 46 pages, many figures, 1 appendix; v2: fixed affiliations, minor revisions, added references
Trusting Machine Learning Results from Medical Procedures in the Operating Room
Creators: name: El-Merhi, Ali
name: Hergés, Helena Odenstedt
name: Block, Linda
name: Elam, Mikael
name: Vithal, Richard
name: Liljencrantz, Jaquette
name: Staron, Miroslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning can be used to analyse physiological data for several purposes. Detection of cerebral ischemia is an achievement that would have high impact on patient care. We attempted to study if collection of continous physiological data from non-invasive monitors, and analysis with machine learning could detect cerebral ischemia in tho different setting, during surgery for carotid endarterectomy and during endovascular thrombectomy in acute stroke. We compare the results from the two different group and one patient from each group in details. While results from CEA-patients are consistent, those from thrombectomy patients are not and frequently contain extreme values such as 1.0 in accuracy. We conlcude that this is a result of short duration of the procedure and abundance of data with bad quality resulting in small data sets. These results can therefore not be trusted.
Chaos in the BMN matrix model
Creators: name: Asano, Yuhma
name: Kawai, Daisuke
name: Yoshida, Kentaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical chaotic motions in the Berenstein-Maldacena-Nastase (BMN) matrix model. For this purpose, it is convenient to focus upon a reduced system composed of two-coupled anharmonic oscillators by supposing an ansatz. We examine three ansätze: 1) two pulsating fuzzy spheres, 2) a single Coulomb-type potential, and 3) integrable fuzzy spheres. For the first two cases, we show the existence of chaos by computing Poincaré sections and a Lyapunov spectrum. The third case leads to an integrable system. As a result, the BMN matrix model is not integrable in the sense of Liouville, though there may be some integrable subsectors.
description: 23 pages, 15 figures, v2: further clarifications and references added
SPITZER Observations of the SCUBA/VLA Sources in the Lockman Hole: Star Formation History of Infrared-Luminous Galaxies
Creators: name: Egami, E.
name: Dole, H.
name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Perez-Gonzalez, P.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Papovich, C.
name: Barmby, P.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Serjeant, S.
name: Mortier, A.
name: Frayer, D. T.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Willner, S. P.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: Bai, L.
name: Engelbracht, C. W.
name: Fazio, G. G.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Hines, D. C.
name: Misselt, K. A.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Morrison, J. E.
name: Rieke, M. J.
name: Rigby, J. R.
name: Wilson, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Spitzer IRAC (3.6, 4.5, 5.8, 8.0 um) and MIPS (24 um) observations of the SCUBA submillimeter sources and uJy VLA radio sources in a 5'x5' area in the Lockman Hole East region. Out of the ~40 SCUBA/VLA sources in the field, Spitzer counterparts were detected for nearly all except for the few low-weight SCUBA detections. We show that the majority (80-90%) of the detected sources are cold (i.e., starburst-like) infrared-luminous galaxies (L_{IR} > 10^{11} Lsun) at redshift 0.5
description: Accepted for publication in the ApJS Spitzer special issue; 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; PDF file with high-resolution fig 2 is available from the preprint server at Spitzer Science Center (http://ssc.spitzer.caltech.edu/pubs/journal2004.html)
Oxathres decorata Monne 1990
Creators: name: Monné, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Oxathres
Oxathres decorata

description: 1. Oxathres decorata Monné, 1990
Type locality — Venezuela, Falcón: Yaracal. (MNRJ). Distribution — Venezuela.
 Oxathres decorata Monné, 1990b: 679, fig. 1; Julio et al., 2000: 46 (holotype).
description: Published as part of Monné, Miguel A., 2005, Catalogue of the Cerambycidae (Coleoptera) of the Neotropical Region. Part II. Subfamily Lamiinae, pp. 1-760 in Zootaxa 1023 (1) on pages 1-760, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.946.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5049553
The gap equations for spin singlet and triplet ferromagnetic superconductors
Creators: name: Powell, B. J.
name: Annett, James F.
name: Gyorffy, B. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive gap equations for superconductivity in coexistence with ferromagnetism. We treat singlet states and triplet states with either equal spin pairing (ESP) or opposite spin pairing (OSP) states, and study the behaviour of these states as a function of exchange splitting. For the s-wave singlet state we find that our gap equations correctly reproduce the Clogston--Chandrasekhar limiting behaviour and the phase diagram of the Baltensperger--Sarma equation (excluding the FFLO region). The singlet superconducting order parameter is shown to be independent of exchange splitting at zero temperature, as is assumed in the derivation of the Clogston--Chandrasekhar limit. P-wave triplet states of the OSP type, behave similarly to the singlet state as a function of exchange splitting. On the other hand, ESP triplet states show a very different behaviour. In particular there is no Clogston--Chandrasekhar limiting and the superconducting critical temperature is actually increased by exchange splitting.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, submitted to J. Phys. A
Cosmology under the fractional calculus approach
Creators: name: García-Aspeitia, Miguel A.
name: Fernandez-Anaya, Guillermo
name: Hernández-Almada, A.
name: Leon, Genly
name: Magaña, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractional cosmology modifies the standard derivative to Caputo's fractional derivative of order $μ$, generating changes in General Relativity. Friedmann equations are modified, and the evolution of the species densities depends on $μ$ and the age of the Universe $t_U$. We estimate stringent constraints on $μ$ using cosmic chronometers, Type Ia supernovae, and joint analysis. We obtain $μ=2.839^{+0.117}_{-0.193}$ within the $1σ$ confidence level providing a non-standard cosmic acceleration at late times; consequently, the Universe would be older than the standard estimations. Additionally, we present a stability analysis for different $μ$ values. This analysis identifies a late-time attractor corresponding to a power-law decelerated solution for $μ< 2$. Moreover, a non-relativistic critical point exists for $μ> 1$ and a sink for $μ> 2$. This solution is a decelerated power-law if $1 < μ< 2$ and an accelerated power-law solution if $μ> 2$, consistent with the mean values obtained from the observational analysis. Therefore, for both flat FLRW and Bianchi I metrics, the modified Friedmann equations provide a late cosmic acceleration under this paradigm without introducing a dark energy component. This approach could be a new path to tackling unsolved cosmological problems.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Moderate revision. Matches the version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Data for Progress: Coronavirus Response Tracking Poll Wave 19
Creators: name: Data For Progress
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Registered to vote (1); 2016 presidential vote (1); 2020 presidential vote (3); news sources in past week (18); interest in government and public affairs (1); union membership (1); coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic handling approval (10); positive or negative views of ideologies/governments (9); socialism (1); populism matrix (5); worried about coronavirus (7); personally know anyone with coronavirus (3); measures to avoid coronavirus (7); socialization during coronavirus pandemic (4); political blame for coronavirus pandemic (1); coronavirus vaccine (4); changes in work (1); trust state or federal government more on pandemic (1); government provide services (2); private insurance vs. government insurance plan (1); government regulation (1); federal government economic response (7); Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act (CARES ACT) (3); unemployment benefits (1); federal government HEROES Act (1); job guarantees (2); unemployment insurance (2); coronavirus aid package elements (10).
Conclusive and arbitrarily perfect quantum state transfer using parallel spin chain channels
Creators: name: Burgarth, Daniel
name: Bose, Sougato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest a protocol for perfect quantum communication through spin chain channels. By combining a dual-rail encoding with measurements only at the receiving end, we can get conclusively perfect state transfer, whose probability of success can be made arbitrarily close to unity. As an example of such an amplitude delaying channel, we show how two parallel Heisenberg spin chains can be used as quantum wires. Perfect state transfer with a probability of failure lower than P in a Heisenberg chain of N spin-1/2 particles can be achieved in a timescale of the order of N^1.7|ln(P)|. We demonstrate that our scheme is more robust to decoherence and non-optimal timing than any scheme using single spin chains.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures ; expanded version inluding discussion of transmission time
Fertilizer Price Inflation: A Threat To The Green Revolution
Creators: name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1975
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The Green Revolution has provided developing countries with new agricultural potential and increased their dependency on adequate supplies of reasonably priced fertilizers. In Karnataka: India fertilizer· prices have doubled and shortages have been reported Cooperatives have not expanded their crop production loans to meet rising cost of modern inputs.