cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Individual project on theme "Paralaudakia Baig, Wagner, Ananjeva & Böhme, 2012" (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Orlov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Орлова Дмитрия по теме "Paralaudakia Baig, Wagner, Ananjeva & Böhme, 2012" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo).
A Markov-type inequality for arbitrary plane continua
Creators: name: Eremenko, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A17; 26D05

description: A version of Markov's estimate for the derivative of a polynomial is proved with the interval [-1,1] replaced by an arbitrary continuum in the complex plane.
description: 8 pages
"Praxisnahes Datenmanagement: Erfolgreiche Projekte durch gute Planung": Konzeption einer Schulungsreihe zur Datenmanagementplanung für Forschende an zwei Hamburger Hochschulen
Creators: name: Lorenz, Marta
name: Schulze, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Schulung
Konzept

description: Im Rahmen der Projektarbeit für den Zertifikatskurs FDM 2023/2024 wurde ein modulares Schulungskonzept zur Datenmanagementplanung erstellt. Dieses Poster beschreibt kurz das Konzept und die ausgearbeiteten Module.
Search for double beta decay of $^{106}$Cd with an enriched $^{106}$CdWO$_4$ crystal scintillator in coincidence with CdWO$_4$ scintillation counters
Creators: name: Belli, P.
name: Bernabei, R.
name: Brudanin, V. B.
name: Cappella, F.
name: Caracciolo, V.
name: Cerulli, R.
name: Danevich, F. A.
name: Incicchitti, A.
name: Kasperovych, D. V.
name: Klavdiienko, V. R.
name: Kobychev, V. V.
name: Merlo, V.
name: Polischuk, O. G.
name: Tretyak, V. I.
name: Zarytskyy, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies on double beta decay processes in $^{106}$Cd were performed by using a cadmium tungstate scintillator enriched in $^{106}$Cd at 66% ($^{106}$CdWO$_4$) with two CdWO$_4$ scintillation counters (with natural Cd composition). No effect was observed in the data accumulated over 26033 h. New improved half-life limits were set on the different channels and modes of the $^{106}$Cd double beta decay at level of $\lim T_{1/2}\sim 10^{20}-10^{22}$ yr. The limit for the two neutrino electron capture with positron emission in $^{106}$Cd to the ground state of $^{106}$Pd, $T^{2ν\mathrm{EC}β^+}_{1/2}\geq2.1\times 10^{21}$ yr, was set by the analysis of the $^{106}$CdWO$_4$ data in coincidence with the energy release 511 keV in both CdWO$_4$ counters. The sensitivity approaches the theoretical predictions for the decay half-life that are in the range $T_{1/2}\sim10^{21}-10^{22}$ yr. The resonant neutrinoless double-electron capture to the 2718 keV excited state of $^{106}$Pd is restricted at the level of $T^{0ν\mathrm{2K}}_{1/2}\geq2.9\times10^{21}$ yr
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Task Offloading for Large-Scale Asynchronous Mobile Edge Computing: An Index Policy Approach
Creators: name: Xu, Yizhen
name: Cheng, Peng
name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Ding, Ming
name: Vucetic, Branka
name: Li, Yonghui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile-edge computing (MEC) offloads computational tasks from wireless devices to network edge, and enables real-time information transmission and computing. Most existing work concerns a small-scale synchronous MEC system. In this paper, we focus on a large-scale asynchronous MEC system with random task arrivals, distinct workloads, and diverse deadlines. We formulate the offloading policy design as a restless multi-armed bandit (RMAB) to maximize the total discounted reward over the time horizon. However, the formulated RMAB is related to a PSPACE-hard sequential decision-making problem, which is intractable. To address this issue, by exploiting the Whittle index (WI) theory, we rigorously establish the WI indexability and derive a scalable closed-form solution. Consequently, in our WI policy, each user only needs to calculate its WI and report it to the BS, and the users with the highest indices are selected for task offloading. Furthermore, when the task completion ratio becomes the focus, the shorter slack time less remaining workload (STLW) priority rule is introduced into the WI policy for performance improvement. When the knowledge of user offloading energy consumption is not available prior to the offloading, we develop Bayesian learning-enabled WI policies, including maximum likelihood estimation, Bayesian learning with conjugate prior, and prior-swapping techniques. Simulation results show that the proposed policies significantly outperform the other existing policies.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing (Full Version) Dec. 2020
Bleaching and stimulated recovery of dyes and of photo-cantilevers
Creators: name: Corbett, D.
name: Warner, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine how intense optical beams can penetrate deeply into highly absorbing media by a non-linear, photo-bleaching process. The role of stimulated recovery to the dye ground state can be important and is delineated. This analysis of non-linear absorption processes is applicable in general to situations where chromophores are irradiated, for instance in biology. We examine the implications for the bending of cantilevers made of heavily dye-loaded nematic photo-solids, that is nematic glasses and elastomers that have large mechanical reactions to light. In particular we describe the bending of cantilevers sufficiently absorbing that they would not bend if Beer's Law were applicable. We quantify the role of optically-generated heat in determining the mechanical response and conclude that in general it is minor in importance compared with optical effects.
Exactly solvable models of adaptive networks
Creators: name: Rivoire, Olivier
name: Barré, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A satisfiability (SAT-UNSAT) transition takes place for many optimization problems when the number of constraints, graphically represented by links between variables nodes, is brought above some threshold. If the network of constraints is allowed to adapt by redistributing its links, the SAT-UNSAT transition may be delayed and preceded by an intermediate phase where the structure self-organizes to satisfy the constraints. We present an analytic approach, based on the recently introduced cavity method for large deviations, which exactly describes the two phase transitions delimiting this adaptive intermediate phase. We give explicit results for random bond models subject to the connectivity or rigidity percolation transitions, and compare them with numerical simulations.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Évaluation de la capacité des patients atteints de sclérose en plaques à réaliser l'imagerie motrice
title: Évaluation de la capacité des patients atteints de sclérose en plaques à réaliser l'imagerie motrice
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Eltschinger, Sandrine
name: Fumasoli, Margaux
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: sclérose en plaques
subject: imagerie motrice
subject: pratique mentale
subject: imagerie guidée
subject: hesav TB Phy

description: Introduction : En cas de sclérose en plaques (SEP), une démyélinisation du système nerveux central altère certaines zones cérébrales causant des symptômes comme des troubles moteurs. La pratique mentale permet d’améliorer les capacités motrices. L’efficacité de cette thérapie est liée à la capacité d’imagerie motrice (IM) de la personne la réalisant. Dès lors, l’objectif de ce travail est de déterminer si les personnes atteintes de SEP ont la capacité d’effectuer l’IM en comparaison à des individus sains. Méthodologie : Les recherches documentaires ont été réalisées sur PubMed, CINHAL, Pedro et Embase, à l’aide de descripteurs et de mots-clés, entre septembre 2018 et janvier 2019. La qualité des études retenues a été évaluée selon les critères du Joanna Briggs Institute. Résultats : Six études transversales ont été incluses. Lorsque les personnes atteintes de SEP et les saines se sont autoévaluées en utilisant le Kinesthetic and Visual Imagery Questionnaire, aucune différence significative n'a été trouvée entre elles. Par contre, la rotation mentale d’image de la main et la chronométrie mentale ont permis d’en démontrer une au niveau de la durée et la précision de l’IM. Conclusion : Les personnes atteintes de SEP sont capables de réaliser l’IM en étant plus lentes et moins précises, car elles mettent en place un mécanisme compensatoire (recrutement plus étendu au niveau des aires cérébrales). Les études retenues n’incluaient pas de patients avec un handicap élevé, c’est pourquoi de nouvelles recherches avec un échantillon plus large sont conseillées.
$\texttt{nrCascadeSim}$ -- A simulation tool for nuclear recoil cascades resulting from neutron capture
Creators: name: Villano, Anthony
name: Harris, Kitty
name: Brown, Staci
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron capture-induced nuclear recoils have emerged as an important tool for detector calibrations in direct dark matter detection and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS). $\texttt{nrCascadeSim}$ is a command-line tool for generating simulation data for energy deposits resulting from neutron capture on pure materials. Presently, silicon, germanium, neon, and argon are supported. While the software was developed for solid state detector calibration, it can be used for any application which requires simulated neutron capture-induced nuclear recoil data.
description: 4 pages, 2 figure
AGE-SPECIFIC NATURAL GENETIC VARIATION INFLUENCING QUANTITATIVE TRAITS IN DROSOPHILA MELANOGASTER
Creators: name: Starks, Adrienne Michelle
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: energy storage
immune response
lifespan
natural genetic variation
reproduction
senescence

description: Senescence, or physiological decline with age, is a phenomenon commonly exhibited within most organisms, from insects to humans.  Most studies that have examined senescence have characterized physiological changes with age without an equally comprehensive study of genetically based age-specific changes for quantitative traits.  The few studies that have focused on genetically based age-specific changes within traits have taken a single trait approach, however, this approach does not take into account the interrelationships between multiple traits.  Hence, examining genetically based age-specific changes in multiple traits simultaneously will provide a more holistic understanding of physiological deterioration with age.  Developing an understanding for the genetic effects of senescence and the extent to which traits that exhibit age-specific changes are genetically correlated will also contribute to our understanding of how evolution has shaped the way that an organism ages. This dissertation presents two studies that examine age-specific natural genetic variation on multiple quantitative traits using Drosophila melanogaster  as a model.  The first study characterized the effects of natural genetic variation on the third chromosome of  Drosophila  that contributed to age-specific changes in the following traits: reproduction, immune response, energy storage, body size, together with a measurement of lifespan.  Results from this study showed significant age-specific differences in each of the previously mentioned traits and several significant genetic correlations between multiple traits (positive and negative).  In addition, I identified significant increases in genetic variance with age, particularly for reproduction and energy storage, which further support the presence of late-age genetic effects.  The second study characterized the influence of natural genetic variation influencing age-specific changes in immune response using a Drosophila Genetic Reference Panel.  Results from this study showed significant age-specific differences in the immune response of flies for both survival of infection and bacterial clearance, however there was not a significant genetic correlation across ages.  These results suggest that different sets of genes are responsible for producing variation in age-specific immunity.  This data set will be added to a collaborative genome wide association study to identify polymorphisms that influence age-specific immunocompetence.  In sum, this dissertation offers a comprehensive understanding of heritability for age-specific physiological changes in a host of quantitative traits.
MDL Convergence Speed for Bernoulli Sequences
Creators: name: Poland, Jan
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Minimum Description Length principle for online sequence estimation/prediction in a proper learning setup is studied. If the underlying model class is discrete, then the total expected square loss is a particularly interesting performance measure: (a) this quantity is finitely bounded, implying convergence with probability one, and (b) it additionally specifies the convergence speed. For MDL, in general one can only have loss bounds which are finite but exponentially larger than those for Bayes mixtures. We show that this is even the case if the model class contains only Bernoulli distributions. We derive a new upper bound on the prediction error for countable Bernoulli classes. This implies a small bound (comparable to the one for Bayes mixtures) for certain important model classes. We discuss the application to Machine Learning tasks such as classification and hypothesis testing, and generalization to countable classes of i.i.d. models.
description: 28 pages
Facts and hopes on RAS inhibitors and cancer immunotherapy.
Creators: name: Boumelha, Jesse
name: Molina-Arcas, Miriam
name: Downward, Julian
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms

description: While the past decade has seen great strides in the development of immunotherapies that reactivate the immune system against tumors, there have also been major advances in the discovery of drugs blocking oncogenic drivers of cancer growth. However, there has been very little progress in combining immunotherapies with drugs that target oncogenic driver pathways. Some of the most important oncogenes in human cancer encode RAS family proteins; although these have proven challenging to target, recently drugs have been approved that inhibit a specific mutant form of KRAS, G12C. These have improved the treatment of lung cancer patients harboring this mutation but development of acquired drug resistance after initial responses has limited the impact on overall survival. Due to the immunosuppressive nature of the signaling network controlled by oncogenic KRAS, targeted KRAS G12C inhibition can indirectly affect anti-tumor immunity, and does so without compromising the critical role of normal RAS proteins in immune cells. This serves as a rationale for combination with immune checkpoint blockade, which can provide additional combinatorial therapeutic benefit in some pre-clinical cancer models. However, in clinical trials, combination of KRAS G12C inhibitors with PD-(L)1 blockade has yet to show improved outcome, in part due to treatment toxicities. A greater understanding of how oncogenic KRAS drives immune evasion and how mutant specific KRAS inhibition impacts the tumor microenvironment can lead to novel approaches to combining RAS inhibition with immunotherapies.
The Hubble WFC3 Emission Spectrum of the Extremely-Hot Jupiter, KELT-9b
Creators: name: Changeat, Quentin
name: Edwards, Billy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies of ultra hot-Jupiters suggested that their atmospheres could have thermal inversions due to the presence of optical absorbers such as TiO, VO, FeH and other metal hydride/oxides. However, it is expected that these molecules would thermally dissociate at extremely high temperatures, thus leading to featureless spectra in the infrared. KELT-9b, the hottest exoplanet discovered so far, is thought to belong to this regime and host an atmosphere dominated by neutral Hydrogen from dissociation and atomic/ionic species. Here, we analysed the eclipse spectrum obtained using the Hubble Space Telescope's Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) and, by utilising the atmospheric retrieval code TauREx3, found that the spectrum is consistent with the presence of molecular species and is poorly fitted by a simple blackbody. In particular, we find that a combination of TiO, VO, FeH and H- provides the best-fit when considering HST, Spitzer and TESS datasets together. Aware of potential biases when combining instruments, we also analysed the HST spectrum alone and found that TiO and VO only were needed in this case. These findings paint a more complex picture of the atmospheres of ultra-hot planets than previously thought
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, Accepted in ApJL on the 2nd of January 2021
Afferent sensory activity from canonical olfactory sensory neurons prevents ectopic    axonal targeting of phosphodiesterase 2A-expressing neurons
Creators: name: Rangghran, Parisa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011

description: In mice, a vast majority of the olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs) in the main olfactory epithelium (MOE) utilize the canonical cAMP mediated signal transduction pathway.  A small subset of OSNs in the MOE and Grueneberg ganglia does not express the canonical pathway; instead they express the guanylyl cyclase-D (GC-D) or guanylyl cyclase-G (GC-G) and cGMP pathway for chemical signaling.  Whereas the canonical OSNs target to typical glomeruli that occupy most of the glomerular layer in the olfactory bulb, the GC-D- and GC-G-expressing OSNs send axons that terminate in the necklace glomeruli restrictly located in the caudal bulb. It is known that afferent sensory activity plays a critical role in precise axonal targeting to the olfactory bulb.  However, whether the canonical neurons play a role to restrict the axons of the GC-expressing neurons to the necklace glomeruli in the posterior olfactory bulb is not known. Using an antibody against PDE2A to visualize the GC-D and GC-G axons we examined whether these axons target normally or ectopically in wild type and cyclic nucleotide-gated channel A2 subunit knock out mice (CNGA2KO). We found that in wild type animals, PDE2A-labeled axons target to the necklace glomeruli and only occasionally project ectopically to regions where canonical glomeruli are located. However, there are more and larger PDE2A+ necklace glomeruli in the knockout than in the WT mice. Using a glomerular mapping program, we found that these ectopic glomeruli are located in regions anterior to and are separate clearly from the necklace glomeruli. Abbreviation: septal organ (SO), Grueneberg ganglion (GG), main olfactory epithelium (MOE), vomeronasal organ (VNO), main olfactory bulb (MOB), olfactory sensory neurons (OSNs), olfactory receptor (OR), cyclic AMP (cAMP), Adenylyl cyclase III (ACIII), cyclic nucleotide gated channel (CNGA2), guanylyl cyclases type D (GC-D), phosphodiesterase (PDE2)
e+e- --> e+e- pi0 pi0 at Daphne
Creators: name: Nguyen, F.
name: Piccinini, F.
name: Polosa, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of the sigma(500) meson in gamma gamma --> pi0 pi0 is studied. In particular, the KLOE data collected during the DAPHNE run at sqrt(s)= 1 GeV are appropriate to this purpose because of the strong reduction of Kaon backgrounds.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, few comments added
Advances in the molecular genetic analyses of Volvox carteri
Creators: name: Wauchope, Akelia
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: Artificial miRNA
Transposon tagging

description: Volvox carteri is a multicellular green alga comprised of two distinct cell types: ~16 large reproductive cells called gonidia and ~ 2000 small motile somatic cells. The cells of a V. carteri individual are arranged spherically, with the somatic cells distributed at the surface of the spheroid, and the gonidia positioned slightly below.   Since V. carteri possesses a basic 3-dimensional morphology and exhibits the simplest type of complete division of labor, it is an ideal system to study fundamental developmental mechanisms. Since V. carteri is haploid, it is relatively easy to find developmental mutants which disrupt asymmetric division, spheroid morphology, and somatic cell fate. Previously Jordan and Idaten, two cold-inducible transposons, were used to tag and clone several genes from these developmental mutant classes.  Unfortunately, extensive efforts to tag and clone certain types of developmental genes with these transposons have failed.  Though it is relatively easy to obtain developmental mutants in V. carteri, it is particularly difficult to conduct antisense or gene knockdown studies because of low transformation efficiency.  Other knockdown approaches such as antisense technology have also been used in V. carteri, but are cumbersome and sometimes cause off targets effects. Knockdown studies are valuable for reverse genetic analyses on candidate genes suspected of playing important developmental roles.  Presently, gene knockdown approaches are more routinely achieved by highly specific artificial microRNA technologies. The goal of this dissertation has been two fold, first, to identify and characterize additional class II transposons for gene tagging and second, to develop a more robust gene knockdown system in V. carteri. Here, we report the characterization and classification of 14 novel V. carteri class II transposon families and have identified members with the potential for transposon tagging experiments to identify and clone other important genes in V. carteri.  Additionally, we have demonstrated that V. carteri possesses an endogenous miRNA system and present the first V. carteri amiRNA vectors that facilitate stable and specific knockdowns of target genes.
MPEC 2024-A36 : 2020 PF5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
WAVE~FORMS : THE SECRET LIFE OF INVISIBLE PHENOMENA
Creators: name: Valiente, Christian Omar
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: waveforms

description: Our light sensitive eyes limit the visual reality of our world. We go about our daily routines unaware of an invisible phenomenon that surrounds us. Countless forms of wireless technology relentlessly bombard us, like a tsunami of unseen waves. If our vision could be expanded beyond its normal bounds, if we were able to see this phenomenon clearly, what types of new experiences -- and new realities -- would unfold for us? Would we come to feel like welcomed guests in a strangely familiar world? Or would this experience overload our perceptual link to our world, rendering us forever blind to the electromagnetic currents that swirl around us? My thesis installation, Wave~Forms, explores such questions by exposing viewers to a narrow slice of the broad spectrum of these electromagnetic waves. The work draws on my interests in natural phenomena and is bolstered by my previous experiments with digital video projection and sound design. Prominent in the work are themes of abstraction and ambiguity, as well as relationships between physics and art. The installation offers a pseudoscientific visualization of this phenomenon, seeking to offer a bridge from science to the arts. For me, scientific images contain an intrinsic beauty. Technological advances in cameras and other imaging instruments continue to reveal hidden worlds beyond what we can see with the naked eye. I believe that artists can explore the limits of human perception and experience in the context of familiar constructed and natural environments, as do scientists. By exposing this invisible phenomenon, the installation invites viewers to connect with something deeper than themselves, as they enter an environment of projected natural and computer-generated imagery. The experience reveals a world that is invisible to us because of our limited sensory abilities. Though unseen, this extrasensory world, both familiar and unfamiliar, close and distant, awaits exploration by the unlimited potential of the human imagination.
Multivalent Sialic Acid Polymers: A Novel Chemistry
Creators: name: Geisz Jr., Anton Jeffrey
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Engineering, Chemical (0542)
Sialic Acid
Alzheimer's Disease
Polymerization
Organic Phase Solubilization

description: Alzheimer's Disease claims approximately 65,800 victims each year. At present, it is estimated that 4.5 million Americans and 26 million people world wide are believed to have Alzheimer's Disease. The research presented here is the development of a novel route of polymer synthesis whereby a biomimetic multivalent Sialic acid polymer is created for the competitive binding and toxicity attenuation of ?-amyloid, a major component of senile plaques associated with the disease. The chemistry makes use of an organic phase crosslinker attachment to a carbohydrate backbone, followed by an aqueous phase free radical photopolymerization. Proof of crosslinker attachment is presented as is a kinetic model of polymerization that is capable of determining appropriate rate constants for the polymerization based on the data that is being modeled. This work represents a first step in the design of new materials for the use in Alzheimer's disease.
Approximate Linearization of Fixed Point Iterations: Error Analysis of Tangent and Adjoint Problems Linearized about Non-Stationary Points
Creators: name: Padway, Emmett
name: Mavriplis, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Previous papers have shown the impact of partial convergence of discretized PDE on the accuracy of tangent and adjoint linearizations. A series of papers suggested linearization of the fixed point iteration used in the solution process as a means of computing the sensitivities rather than linearizing the discretized PDE, as the lack of convergence of the nonlinear problem indicates that the discretized form of the governing equations has not been satisfied. These works showed that the accuracy of an approximate linearization depends in part on the convergence of the nonlinear system. This work shows an error analysis of the impact of the approximate linearization and the convergence of the nonlinear problem for both the tangent and adjoint modes and provides a series of results for an exact Newton solver, an inexact Newton solver, and a low storage explicit Runge-Kutta scheme to confirm the error analyses.
description: Revision submitted to and accepted by Numerical Algorithms journal
Ultrahigh electron mobility in suspended graphene
Creators: name: Bolotin, K. I.
name: Sikes, K. J.
name: Jiang, Z.
name: Klima, M.
name: Fudenberg, G.
name: Hone, J.
name: Kim, P.
name: Stormer, H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have achieved mobilities in excess of 200,000 cm^2/Vs at electron densities of ~2*10^11 cm^-2 by suspending single layer graphene. Suspension ~150 nm above a Si/SiO_2 gate electrode and electrical contacts to the graphene was achieved by a combination of electron beam lithography and etching. The specimens were cleaned in situ by employing current-induced heating, directly resulting in a significant improvement of electrical transport. Concomitant with large mobility enhancement, the widths of the characteristic Dirac peaks are reduced by a factor of 10 compared to traditional, non-suspended devices. This advance should allow for accessing the intrinsic transport properties of graphene.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, references updated
Retratação de artigos em revistas de Acesso Aberto: estudo exploratório a partir das bases OpenAlex e Retraction Watch
Creators: name: Lorensi do Canto, Fabio
name: Andrade, Denise
name: de Freitas Campos, Fhillipe
name: Magela Rodrigues Dias, Thiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha II, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Phase separation in a two species Bose mixture
Creators: name: Mishra, T.
name: Pai, Ramesh V.
name: Das, B. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state quantum phase diagram for a two species Bose mixture in a one-dimensional optical lattice using the finite size density matrix renormalization group(FSDMRG) method. We discuss our results for different combinations of inter and intra species interaction strengths with commensurate and incommensurate fillings of the bosons. The phases we have obtained are superfluid, Mott insulator and a novel phase separation, where different species reside in spatially separate regions. The spatially separated phase is further classified into phase separated superfluid(PS-SF) and Mott insulator(PS-MI). The phase separation appears for all the fillings we have considered, whenever the inter-species interaction is slightly larger than the intra-species interactions.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Generalized Approach to Matched Filtering using Neural Networks
Creators: name: Yan, Jingkai
name: Avagyan, Mariam
name: Colgan, Robert E.
name: Veske, Doğa
name: Bartos, Imre
name: Wright, John
name: Márka, Zsuzsa
name: Márka, Szabolcs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gravitational wave science is a pioneering field with rapidly evolving data analysis methodology currently assimilating and inventing deep learning techniques. The bulk of the sophisticated flagship searches of the field rely on the time-tested matched filtering principle within their core. In this paper, we make a key observation on the relationship between the emerging deep learning and the traditional techniques: matched filtering is formally equivalent to a particular neural network. This means that a neural network can be constructed analytically to exactly implement matched filtering, and can be further trained on data or boosted with additional complexity for improved performance. Moreover, we show that the proposed neural network architecture can outperform matched filtering, both with or without knowledge of a prior on the parameter distribution. When a prior is given, the proposed neural network can approach the statistically optimal performance. We also propose and investigate two different neural network architectures MNet-Shallow and MNet-Deep, both of which implement matched filtering at initialization and can be trained on data. MNet-Shallow has simpler structure, while MNet-Deep is more flexible and can deal with a wider range of distributions. Our theoretical findings are corroborated by experiments using real LIGO data and synthetic injections, where our proposed methods significantly outperform matched filtering at false positive rates above $5\times 10^{-3}\%$. The fundamental equivalence between matched filtering and neural networks allows us to define a "complexity standard candle" to characterize the relative complexity of the different approaches to gravitational wave signal searches in a common framework. Finally, our results suggest new perspectives on the role of deep learning in gravitational wave detection.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
VI Photometry of Globular Clusters NGC6293 and NGC6541: The Formation of the Metal-Poor Inner Halo Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Lee, Jae-Woo
name: Carney, Bruce W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VI photometry of the metal-poor inner halo globular clusters NGC6293 and NGC6541 using the planetary camera of the WFPC2 on board HST. Our color-magnitude diagrams of the clusters show well-defined BHB populations, consistent with their low metallicities and old ages. NGC6293 appears to have blue straggler stars in the cluster's central region. We discuss the interstellar reddening and the distance modulus of NGC6293 and NGC6541 and obtain E(B-V) = 0.40 and (m-M)_0 = 14.61 for NGC6293 and E(B-V) = 0.14 and (m-M)_0 = 14.19 for NGC6541. Our results confirm that NGC6293 and NGC6541 are clearly located in the Galaxy's central regions (R_{GC} < 3 kpc). We also discuss the differential reddening across NGC6293. The interstellar reddening value of NGC6293 appears to vary by Delta E(B-V) ~ 0.02 -- 0.04 mag within our small field of view. The most notable result of our study is that the inner halo clusters NGC6293 and NGC6541 essentially have the same ages as M92, confirming the previous result from the HST NIC3 observations of NGC6287.
description: AJ, accepted
Disorder-induced spin-liquid-like behavior in kagome-lattice compounds
Creators: name: Ma, Zhen
name: Dong, Zhao-Yang
name: Wu, Si
name: Zhu, Yinghao
name: Bao, Song
name: Cai, Zhengwei
name: Wang, Wei
name: Shangguan, Yanyan
name: Wang, Jinghui
name: Ran, Kejing
name: Yu, Dehong
name: Deng, Guochu
name: Mole, Richard A.
name: Li, Hai-Feng
name: Yu, Shun-Li
name: Li, Jian-Xin
name: Wen, Jinsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin liquids (QSLs) are an exotic state of matter that is subject to extensive research. However, the relationship between the ubiquitous disorder and the QSL behaviors is still unclear. Here, by performing comparative experimental studies on two kagomé-lattice QSL candidates, Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Zn$_2$O$_{14}$ and Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Mg$_2$O$_{14}$, which are isostructural to each other but with strong and weak structural disorder, respectively, we show unambiguously that the disorder can induce spin-liquid-like features. In particular, both compounds show dominant antiferromagnetic interactions with a Curie-Weiss temperature of -17.4 and -28.7 K for Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Zn$_2$O$_{14}$ and Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Mg$_2$O$_{14}$, respectively, but remain disordered down to about 0.05 K. Specific heat results suggest the presence of gapless magnetic excitations characterized by a residual linear term. Magnetic excitation spectra obtained by inelastic neutron scattering (INS) at low temperatures display broad continua. All these observations are consistent with those of a QSL. However, we find in Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Zn$_2$O$_{14}$ which has strong disorder resulting from the random mixing of the magnetic Tm$^{3+}$ and nonmagnetic Zn$^{2+}$, that the low-energy magnetic excitations observed in the specific heat and INS measurements are substantially enhanced, compared to those of Tm$_3$Sb$_3$Mg$_2$O$_{14}$ which has much less disorder. We believe that the effective spins of the Tm$^{3+}$ ions in the Zn$^{2+}$/Mg$^{2+}$ sites give rise to the low-energy magnetic excitations, and the amount of the random occupancy determines the excitation strength. These results provide direct evidence of the mimicry of a QSL caused by disorder.
description: Version as published in PRB, 5 figures, 11 pages
Global temperature goals should determine the time horizons for greenhouse gas emission metrics
Creators: name: Abernethy, Sam
name: Jackson, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Emission metrics, a crucial tool in setting effective equivalences between greenhouse gases, currently require a subjective, arbitrary choice of time horizon. Here, we propose a novel framework that uses a specific temperature goal to calculate the time horizon that aligns with scenarios achieving that temperature goal. We analyze the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 C Scenario Database to find that time horizons that align with the 1.5 and 2 C global warming goals of the Paris Agreement are 24 [90% prediction interval: 7, 41] and 58 [90% PI: 41, 74] years respectively. We then use these time horizons to quantify time-dependent emission metrics with methane as our main example. We find that the Global Warming Potential values that align with the 1.5 and 2 C goals are GWP1.5 C = 75 [90% PI: 54, 107] and GWP2 C = 42 [90% PI: 35, 54]; for the Global Temperature change Potential they are GTP1.5 C = 41 [90% PI: 16, 102] and GTP2 C = 9 [90% PI: 7, 16]. The most commonly used time horizon, 100 years, underestimates methane emission metrics by 34-38% relative to the values we calculate that align with the 2 C goal and 63-87% relative to the 1.5 C goal. To best align emission metrics with the 1.5 C goal of the Paris Agreement, we recommend a 24-year time horizon, using 2045 as the endpoint time, with its associated GWP1.5 C = 75 and GTP1.5 C = 41.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
Analgesic utility of automatic lancing device for heel prick in neonates: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Anne, Rajendra Prasad
name: Rahiman, Emine A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the benefits of an automatic lancing device compared with a manual lancet or a hypodermic needle in neonates. Materials & methods: We followed the Cochrane Handbook methodology, used the RoB-2 tool for risk of bias assessment, RevMan 4.1 for meta-analysis and GRADE framework for certainty assessment. We searched the databases and gray literature on 15 November 2023. Results: Six eligible studies enrolling 539 neonates were included. An automatic lancing device reduced pain scores during and after heel prick, sampling time and the need for repeat puncture. The certainty of evidence was very low to moderate. Conclusion: An automatic lancing device is preferred for heel pricks in neonates, given less pain and higher efficiency. PROSPERO registration number:CRD42023483189 The heel prick is a common painful procedure in neonates. It is performed either with a hypodermic needle or a lancet (manual or automatic lancing device). Few studies have shown that an automatic lancing device, with depth regulation, causes less pain. We reviewed the available literature to assess the benefits and harms of different sampling methods. We found six studies comparing these interventions for heel prick in neonates. There was a significant reduction in pain score, sampling time and need for repeated pricks when using an automatic lancing device. The automatic lancing device causes less pain (safer) and reduces the time required for sampling and repeated pricks (more effective) when used for heel pricks in neonates. This meta-analysis included six studies enrolling 539 neonates and compared the benefits of automatic lancing devices with either manual lancet or hypodermic needles. An automatic lancing device reduced pain during and after the heel prick, the time taken for sample collection and the need for repeat pricks. The purpose of heel prick varied across studies, from blood glucose estimation (requires a single drop of blood) to dried blood spot for newborn screening and bilirubin or blood gas estimation (requires several drops of blood). The certainty of evidence varied from very low to moderate, as two studies were at a high risk of bias. Despite a lower certainty of evidence, an automatic lancing device may be preferred over a hypodermic needle or manual lancet for heel prick. Future studies should be considered to confirm the benefits of using automatic lancing devices for heel pricks in neonates of different gestational ages (term and preterm) and for varied purposes.
Pesticide and antimicrobial evaluation of three labdane-type diterpenes, and one flavonoid glycoside, isolated from rhizomes of Hedychium coronarium J. Koenig
Creators: name: Arya, Sushila
name: Kumar, Ravendra
name: Karakoti, Himani
name: Mahawer, Sonu Kumar
name: Nagarkoti, Kirti
name: Prakash, Om
name: Kumar, Satya
name: Chamoli, Shivangi
name: Kumar, Piyush
name: Srivastava, Ravi Mohan
name: de Olievera, Mozaniel Santana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Three labdane-type diterpenes, namely coronalactoside I, hedychilactone A, and (E)-labda-8(17),12-dien-15(16)-olide, along with the flavonoid glycoside Isolinariin A, were isolated from Heydichium coronarium. Structural elucidation employed spectroscopic techniques (IR, MS, NMR, and DEPT) and comparison with literature data. Pesticidal and antimicrobial activities were assessed. Isolinariin A exhibited potent nematicidal activity (71.33% mortality) against Meloidogyne incognita, while Coronalactoside I demonstrated strong inhibition of nematode egg hatchability (26.00% at 1 µg/mL). In insecticidal activity against Spodoptera litura, (E)-labda-8(17),12-dien-15(16)-olide displayed significant mortality (93.66% at 100 µg/mL). Molecular docking studies indicated favourable interactions with target proteins, suggesting potential in pest management. These findings propose the application of these compounds to mitigate the ecological impact of synthetic pesticides.
A scalar two-level boson model to study the IBM phase diagram in the Casten triangle
Creators: name: Vidal, J.
name: Arias, J. M.
name: Dukelsky, J.
name: Garcia-Ramos, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple two-level boson model with the same energy surface as the Q-consistent Interacting Boson Model Hamiltonian. The model can be diagonalized for large number of bosons and the results used to check analytical finite-size corrections to the energy gap and the order parameter in the critical region. \
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, published version
Coherent probing of excited quantum dot states in an interferometer
Creators: name: Sigrist, Martin
name: Ihn, Thomas
name: Ensslin, Klaus
name: Reinwald, Matthias
name: Wegscheider, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of elastic and inelastic cotunneling currents are presented on a two-terminal Aharonov--Bohm interferometer with a Coulomb blockaded quantum dot embedded in each arm. Coherent current contributions, even in magnetic field, are found in the nonlinear regime of inelastic cotunneling at finite bias voltage. The phase of the Aharonov--Bohm oscillations in the current exhibits phase jumps of $π$ at the onsets of inelastic processes. We suggest that additional coherent elastic processes occur via the excited state. Our measurement technique allows the detection of such processes on a background of other inelastic current contributions and contains information about the excited state occupation probability and the inelastic relaxation rates.
Homological stability of series of groups
Creators: name: Cochran, Tim D.
name: Harvey, Shelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J, 57M

description: ``What aspects of a group are unchanged, or stable, under homology equivalences''? The model theorem in this regard is the 1963 result of J. Stallings that the lower central series is preserved under any integral homological equivalence of groups. Various other theorems of this nature have since appeared. Stallings himself proved similar theorems for homology with rational or mod p coefficients. These involved different series of groups- variations of the lower central series. W. Dwyer generalized Stallings' integral results to larger classes of maps, work that was completed in the other cases by the authors. More recently the authors proved analogues of the theorems of Stallings and Dwyer for variations of the derived series. The above theorems are all different but clearly have much in common. Here we present a new concept, that of the stability of a subgroup, or a series of subgroups under a class of maps, that offers a framework in which all of these theorems can be viewed. We contrast it with homological localization of groups, which is a previously well-studied framework that might also be applied to these questions.
description: minor revisions
Iterative Structure Within The Five-Particle Two-Loop Amplitude
Creators: name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Spradlin, Marcus
name: Volovich, Anastasia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find an unexpected iterative structure within the two-loop five-gluon amplitude in N = 4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. Specifically, we show that a subset of diagrams contributing to the full amplitude, including a two-loop pentagon-box integral with nontrivial dependence on five kinematical variables, satisfies an iterative relation in terms of one-loop scalar box diagrams. The implications of this result for the possible iterative structure of the full two-loop amplitude are discussed.
description: 22 pages, revtex4