cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IMPACT OF REMITTANCES ON EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT OF THE MIGRANT HOUSEHOLDS: A MICRO LEVEL STUDY
Creators: name: Tiza, Fahana Tahi
name: Farid, Kazi Shek
name: Mozumdar, Lavlu
name: Tiza, Fahana Tahi
name: Farid, Kazi Shek
name: Mozumdar, Lavlu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Remittances
subject: educational attainment
subject: gender
subject: migrant households

description: This study aims at understanding the impact of remittances on educational attainment and the gender specific differences in educational attainment of the children of migrant households in rural areas of Tangail district of Bangladesh. Primary data were collected through face to face interview with a structured interview schedule. Purposive sampling was used to select 100 migrant households from four villages of two Upazilas in Tangail District. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis were used to analyze data. Results find that remittances have a positive significant effect on average years of schooling and tertiary level of education. Remittances contribute more in case of males’ tertiary education compared to that of females. Furthermore, respondents’ perceptions reveal that remittances may improve children’s academic records, while continuation of children’s education is quite impossible without it. Therefore, remittances can assist to the growth of developing countries in the long run ensuring their investment in advancement of child education.
Brian Tomlinson (a cura di), Applied Linguistics and Materials Developments
Creators: name: Caleffi, Paola-Maria
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: review

description: Review of Applied Linguistics and Materials Developments edited by Brian Tomlinson
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
Effects of ball milling and TiF3 addition on the dehydrogenation temperature of Ca(BH4)2 polymorphs
Creators: name: Llamas Jansa, Isabel
name: Friedrichs, Oliver
name: Fichtner, Maximilian
name: Bardají, Elisa Gil
name: Züttel, Andreas
name: Hauback, Bjørn C.
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: calcium borohydride
subject: hydrogen storage
subject: powder X-ray diffraction
subject: ball milling
subject: kinetics of the hydrogen desorption
subject: polymorphs
subject: vibrational spectroscopy
subject: reaction pathways
subject: DDC 540 / Chemistry & allied sciences
subject: X-ray diffraction imaging
subject: Ball mills
subject: Additives
subject: Chemical reactions
subject: Kugelmühle
subject: Additiv
subject: Differential scanning calorimetry

description: The changes introduced by both ball milling and the addition of small amounts of TiF3 in the kinetics of the hydrogen desorption of three different Ca(BH4)2 polymorphs (α, β and γ) have been systematically investigated. The samples with different polymorphic contents, before and after the addition of TiF3, were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and vibrational spectroscopy. The hydrogen desorption reaction pathways were monitored by differential scanning calorimetry. The hydrogen desorption of Ca(BH4)2 depends strongly on the amount of coexistent α, β and γ polymorphs as well as additional ball milling and added TiF3 to the sample. The addition of TiF3 increased the hydrogen desorption rate without significant dissociation of the fluoride. The combination of an α-Ca(BH4)2 rich sample with 10 mol% of TiF3 and 8 h of milling led to up to 27 ∘C decrease of the hydrogen desorption peak temperature.
Francesco Zambon, Metamorfosi del Graal
Creators: name: Sanfilippo, Matteo
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: review

description: Review of Metamorfosi del Graal by Francesco Zambon
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
La relation entre l'intégration tactile-visuelle, l'intelligence et le rendement en lecture en troisième, quatrième et cinquième année scolaire
Creators: name: Renaud, Aldéo
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Education, Elementary.
subject: Education, Educational Psychology.
subject: Education, Reading.

description: Abstract not available.
Pierre W. Orelus, Whitecentricism and Linguoracism Exposed: Towards the De-centering of Whiteness and De-colonization of School
Creators: name: Franceschi, Valeria
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: review

description: Review of Whitecentricism and Linguoracism Exposed: Towards the De-centering of Whiteness and De-colonization of School by Pierre W. Orelus
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
Words That Matter: The Significance of "Stories" in Obama's 2008 Election Campaign
Creators: name: Degani, Marta
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: Barack Obama; Discourse Analysis

description: On November 4, 2008 people all over the world could celebrate the advent of a new era. The election of Barack Hussein Obama as the 44th American President was a historic event of immense significance. For the first time in the history of American democracy, an African American was elected President of the United States. After eight years of policies that had increased military expenditure and broadened the gap between what Obama likes to call “Main Street” and “Wall Street”, the time of the Republican administration was eventually over. Obama was welcomed as the president promising renewal. He was seen as the leader who would move the country ahead and bring about real change in the lives of ordinary Americans. Being young for a person in that role and charismatic, he was capable of awaking American people’s subliminal needs for hope at a time of great uncertainty and economic instability.
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
Fly-by-Wire Chemistry
Creators: name: Cronin, Lee
name: Kettner, Carsten
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chemistry
open science
automation

description: doi:10.5446/50288
description: Interview with Lee Cronin, University of Glasgow, UK, recorded at the BEILSTEIN OPEN SCIENCE SYMPOSIUM (22 – 24 May 2017). Lee Cronin discusses digitizing chemistry with Carsten Kettner. Lee describes his ideas for digitizing the practical process of making molecules, by converting the synthesis information into a code which then can be used by other chemists or automated systems to playback the process and produce the molecule. By automating the parts of chemistry research that are repetitive and error prone we can free up time for researchers to allow them to be more creative and productive. Digitization will also enable chemists to make molecules that they currently are unable to make, give better reproducibility, speed up many processes and lead to more discoveries. Lee’s dream is to make complex molecules from a set of reactions using a small number of lines of synthetic code. This requires a programming approach to digitizing chemistry and will enable reactions that were previously regarded as too messy, to become optimized by robots to work using “fly-by-wire” chemistry. In biology robots are routinely used, in chemistry this is more unusual. In Lee’s opinion this is due to various factors including: cultural, safety, affordability, and flexibility (chemists are more flexible than robots). To make the most of automation, chemists need to apply a more uniform approach to their work, but this apparent limitation will allow them to do more and enable them to exchange the practical process of making molecules more efficiently. Digitization will enable personalized medicine, allow the global access to medicines, drive customization and innovation, and help discover new molecules that may have profound importance.
Richtwerte für 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon in der Innenraumluft
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Innenraumluft
Inhalation
Richtwert

description: Zum Schutz der Gesundheit der Bevölkerung setzt die Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe Innenraumrichtwerte der Kommission Innenraumlufthygiene und der Obersten Landesgesundheitsbehörden Richtwerte für die Innenraumluft fest. Für eine gesundheitliche Bewertung von 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon in der Luft liegen keine hinreichend aussagekräftigen Humanstudien vor. In einer gut dokumentierten chronischen Inhalationsstudie an Ratten wurde eine signifikante Beeinträchtigung der Gewichtszunahme bei 400 mg/m3beobachtet. Die Ad-hoc-Arbeitsgruppe geht von dieser nachteiligen Wirkungskonzentration als Ausgangspunkt für die Ableitung des Richtwertes II aus. Mit einem Faktor von 5,6 zur Umrechnung auf eine kontinuierliche Exposition, einem Interspeziesfaktor für Toxikodynamik von 2,5, einem Faktor von 10 zur Berücksichtigung individueller Unterschiede und einem Faktor 2 zum Schutz besonders empfindlicher Gruppen ergibt sich ein gerundeter Richtwert II (Gefahrenwert) von 1 mg 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon/m3Innenraumluft. Der Richtwert I (Vorsorgewert) wird ausgehend von einer NOAEC von 40 mg/m3aus derselben Studie abgeleitet. Unter Anwendung derselben Extrapolationsfaktoren ergibt sich ein Richtwert I von 0,1 mg 1-Methyl-2-pyrrolidon/m3Innenraumluft.Quelle: http://link.springer.com
description: The German Ad-hoc Working Group on Indoor Guidelines of the Indoor Air Hygiene Committee and the States Supreme Health Authorities is issuing indoor air guide values to protect public health. No human studies of sufficient quality are available for health evaluation of 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone in air. In a well-documented chronic inhalation toxicity study in rats significant impairment of weight gain development has been observed (LOAEC?=?400 mg/m3). The Working Group used this LOAEC as the point of departure for the derivation of guide value II. The conversion of repeated inhalation to continuous exposure (6-24 h; 5-7 days) used a factor of 5.6. By applying an interspecies factor of 2.5 for toxicodynamics, a factor of 10 to account for individual differences and an additional factor of 2 to include sensitive subgroups, results in a health hazard guide value (RW II) of 1 mg 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/m3indoor air (rounded). By using the NOAEC of 40 mg/m3from the same study and applying the same assessment factors as above a precautionary guide value (RW I) of 0.1 mg 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone/m3is calculated. Quelle: http://link.springer.com
"The Polis Is Oneself:" The Occupy Movement as a Site of Public Pedagogy
Creators: name: Gounari, Panayota
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: American studies; Occupy Wall Street

description: We have come to Wall Street as refugees from this native dreamland, seeking asylum in the actual. That is what we seek to occupy. We seek to rediscover and reclaim the world (…) What do we want from Wall Street? Nothing, because it has nothing to offer us. We wouldn’t be here if Wall Street fed off itself; we are here because it is feeding off everyone. It is sustaining the phantoms and ghosts we have always known and whose significance we now understand. We have come here to vanish those ghosts; to assert our real selves and lives; to build genuine relationships with each other and the world; and to remind ourselves that another path is possible. If the phantoms of Wall Street are confused by our presence in their dream, so much the better. It is time that the unreal be exposed for what it is. (Communiqué 1)
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
"Remembering a Thing and Reliving a Thing Does Not Confer an Obligation to Tell About a Thing:" Perspectives on Child Abuse in Stephen King's Gerald's Game
Creators: name: Zizza, Assunta Assia
Publisher: name: Iperstoria
Year: 2019
Subjects: Stephen King; Gerald's Game; Child Abuse

description: In an attempt to reduce the importance of Stephen King’s extraordinary success as a gothic/horror writer, Harold Bloom harshly criticizes his work stating that his “triumph is a large emblem of the failures of American education,” and he “will be remembered as a sociological phenomenon, an image of the death of the Literate Reader” (Bloom 2). Through an attentive analysis of Stephen King’s Gerald’s Game, in this article I hope to prove how a popular writer such as King can play an important role in affording his readers deeper insights about socially relevant issues. In the way it addresses the issues of child abuse and women’s memory recovery, King’s Gerald’s Game transcends the boundaries of a “regular” gothic horror narrative, thus leveling a profound critique at the social attitude towards these issues in the American society of the 1990s. Although it may have failed to create widespread change in policy or an increase in public attention, an attentive close reading of Gerald’s Game offers an opportunity to gain a better understanding of the specific moment in American history from which it originates, besides raising important questions about the diverse ways in which contemporary horror literature manages to catalyze sociological tensions in narrative form.
description: Iperstoria, No 3 (2014): Orizzonti di Occupy: il linguaggio di OWS e di altre forme odierne di protesta popolare
The Giving Voice to Mothers study: inequity and mistreatment during pregnancy and childbirth in the United States
Creators: name: Vedam, Saraswathi
name: Stoll, Kathrin
name: Taiwo, Tanya K
name: Rubashkin, Nicholas
name: Cheyney, Melissa
name: Strauss, Nan
name: McLemore, Monica
name: Cadena, Micaela
name: Nethery, Elizabeth
name: Rushton, Eleanor
name: Schummers, Laura
name: Declercq, Eugene
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2019

description: Background: Recently WHO researchers described seven dimensions of mistreatment in maternity care that have adverse impacts on quality and safety. Applying the WHO framework for quality care, service users partnered with NGOs, clinicians, and researchers, to design and conduct the Giving Voice to Mothers (GVtM)–US study. Methods: Our multi-stakeholder team distributed an online cross-sectional survey to capture lived experiences of maternity care in diverse populations. Patient-designed items included indicators of verbal and physical abuse, autonomy, discrimination, failure to meet professional standards of care, poor rapport with providers, and poor conditions in the health system. We quantified the prevalence of mistreatment by race, socio-demographics, mode of birth, place of birth, and context of care, and describe the intersectional relationships between these variables. Results: Of eligible participants (n = 2700), 2138 completed all sections of the survey. One in six women (17.3%) reported experiencing one or more types of mistreatment such as: loss of autonomy; being shouted at, scolded, or threatened; and being ignored, refused, or receiving no response to requests for help. Context of care (e.g. mode of birth; transfer; difference of opinion) correlated with increased reports of mistreatment. Experiences of mistreatment differed significantly by place of birth: 5.1% of women who gave birth at home versus 28.1% of women who gave birth at the hospital. Factors associated with a lower likelihood of mistreatment included having a vaginal birth, a community birth, a midwife, and being white, multiparous, and older than 30 years. Rates of mistreatment for women of colour were consistently higher even when examining interactions between race and other maternal characteristics. For example, 27.2% of women of colour with low SES reported any mistreatment versus 18.7% of white women with low SES. Regardless of maternal race, having a partner who was Black also increased reported mistreatment. Conclusion: This is the first study to use indicators developed by service users to describe mistreatment in childbirth in the US. Our findings suggest that mistreatment is experienced more frequently by women of colour, when birth occurs in hospitals, and among those with social, economic or health challenges. Mistreatment is exacerbated by unexpected obstetric interventions, and by patient-provider disagreements.
Data Deposition Increases Credibility
Creators: name: Bakker, Barbara M.
name: Kettner, Carsten
name: Leyh, Thomas S.
name: Rohwer, Johann M.
name: Sterner, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2017
Subjects: Chemistry
open science
databases

description: doi:10.5446/50265
description: Discussion with Barbara M. Bakker (University Medical Center Groningen), Carsten Kettner, Thomas S. Leyh (Albert Einstein College of Medicine), Johann M. Rohwer (University of Stellenbosch) and Reinhard Sterner (University of Regensburg) recorded at BEILSTEIN ENZYMOLOGY SYMPOSIUM – Enzymes in Transformation and Signalling Rüdesheim, Germany, 19 – 21 September 2017 At the end of the Beilstein Enzymology Symposium, Carsten Kettner discusses with Barbara Bakker, Thomas Leyh, Johann Rohwer and Reinhard Sterner about the pitfalls when reusing enzyme function data from the literature and databases. Listen to the views on the following themes: Which information is required to reproduce experiments and reuse experimental data in simulation and modelling? What are the reasons for missing information in papers and what is the role of the journals with regards to quality control? Are reporting guidelines and software tools beneficial for the science community? How burdensome is data input in STRENDA DB considered in comparison to other data acquisition systems? The panel, each an expert from a different area in enzymology, gave some interesting insights into their experiences with published experimental data and provided a number of ideas on how to increase reproducibility, comparability and reliability of these data. The Beilstein Enzymology Symposia embrace structural, computational and biological disciplines, and bring researchers (established and younger workers) together to discuss the many and diverse roles of enzymes in biology, and to explore the limits and challenges of holistic studies that attempt to integrate microscopic views of protein function into complex biological behaviour. This symposium addresses enzymes and other signal‑cascade proteins which capture and transduce these diverse signals into discrete chemical entities that inform and direct cellular behaviour. Molecular-information processing networks require the coordinated interplay of numerous components, and are the focus of systems-biological investigations aimed at understanding, for example, the spread of disease, or identifying targets that can control signal-transduction.
The effect of student cultural values on goals, generic skills and good teaching
Creators: name: Mitsis, Ann
name: Foley, Patrick
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This paper examines the relationship between Victoria University’s Master of Business students’ cultural values and their perceptions of goals, generic skills and good teaching. A total sample of 548 students was taken from Victoria University Melbourne, Australia. Students’ cultural values were obtained through Robertson and Hoffman’s (2000) Cultural Values Scale derived from the work of Hofstede (1980; 1991; 1998). The Course Experience Questionnaire developed by Ramsden (1991) was used to measure students’ course experiences through the Goals, Generic Skills and Good Teaching dimensions. Some of the major findings of this study were that high Uncertainty Avoidance and Collectivism cultural values are the key determinants of Generic Skills and Good Teaching. High Uncertainty Avoidance and Masculinity ratings are the predictors of the Goals dimension.
The 2D:4D marker and different forms of Internet use disorder
Creators: name: Müller, Marko
name: Brand, Matthias
name: Mies, Julia
name: Lachmann, Bernd
name: Sariyska, Rayna Yordanova
name: Montag, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 2D:4D marker
subject: digit ratio
subject: androgen
subject: prenatal testosterone
subject: Internet addiction
subject: problematic Internet use
subject: Internet gaming disorder
subject: Internet use disorder
subject: digit ratio 2d/4d
subject: spatial ability
subject: personality-traits
subject: receptor-binding
subject: addiction
subject: 2nd
subject: hand
subject: 2d-4d
subject: sex
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Behavior, Addictive
subject: Internet
subject: Video games
subject: Online-Sucht

description: Internet use disorder (IUD) presents a growing problem worldwide. Among others, it manifests in loss of control over Internet usage and social problems due to problematic Internet use. Although IUD currently is not an official diagnosis in DSM-5 or ICD-10, mounting evidence suggests that IUD indeed could be categorized as a behavioral addiction. On a systemic neuroscientific level, IUD is well characterized and dysfunctions in the fronto-striatal-limbic loop have been observed in persons being afflicted with IUD. On a molecular level underlying these neural dysfunctions less is known. Therefore, the present research investigates the influence of prenatal testosterone as measured via the 2D:4D marker of the hand on IUD. Testosterone represents an interesting hormonal marker, because sex differences in IUD have been observed, e.g., males show higher tendencies toward Internet gaming disorder (IGD) or females toward overusage of online social networks (both compared to the contrary sex). In N = 217 participants associations between the 2D:4D marker of the hand and both unspecified IUD and specific forms of IUD were investigated. It appeared that more female hands (right side; characterized by higher digit ratio of the index to the ring finger, i.e., >1, meaning lower prenatal testosterone) were associated with lower IGD (rho = −0.17, p = 0.01, N = 211). This effect was driven by the facet of loss of control of Internet Gaming in the whole sample (rho = −0.20, p < 0.01, N = 211) and the female subsample (rho = −0.20, p = 0.02, N(f) = 137). Aside from this, a negative association appeared between the facet of loss of control of generalized IUD and the right digit ratio in males underlining earlier work. In sum, the present work demonstrates that the 2D:4D marker is an interesting marker for Internet addiction and can be easily included as a biomarker to understand the biological underpinnings of Internet (over-)usage.
IIDLE: an immunological inspired distributed learning environment for multiple objective and hybrid optimisation
Creators: name: Brownlee, Jason
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The acquired Immune system is a robust and powerful information processing system that demonstrates features such as decentralised control, parallel processing, adaptation, and learning. The Immunological Inspired Distributed Learning Environment (IIDLE) is a clonal selection inspired Artificial Immune System (AIS) that exploits the inherent parallelism, decentralised control, spatially distributed nature, and learning behaviours of the immune system. The distributed architecture and modular process of the IIDLE framework are shown to be useful features on complex search and optimisation tasks in addition to facilitating some of the desired robustness of the inspiration.
Struvite Precipitation of Ammonia from Landfill Leachate
Creators: name: Zhang, Chi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2016
Subjects: ammonia
landfill leachate
struvite precipitation
recycling use of struvite

description: The application of struvite (magnesium ammonium phosphate,!MgNH&PO& ∙ 6H+O) precipitation and its recycling use for the purpose of ammonia removal from both synthetic solutions and landfill leachate were investigated in this study. The results demonstrated that chemical precipitation by struvite formation is efficient for ammonia removal from aqueous solutions. In addition, by recycling the thermal residue of struvite, continuously removing ammonia can technically be achieved. In the struvite precipitation, ammonia removal significantly depended on the pH and chemical molar ratios of NH& ,:!Mg+,:!PO& ./. For synthetic solution (TAN=1,000 mg/L), remarkable TAN removal efficiency of over 98% has been reported when the molar ratio of NH& ,:!Mg+,:!PO& ./ equals 1.0:1.2:1.2, 1.0:1.3:1.3, 1.0:1.3:1.4 and 1.0:1.5:1.5 at optimum pH 9. The optimum combinations of reagents applied in landfill leachate (TAN=1,878 mg/L) were!NH& ,:!Mg+,:!PO& ./ =1.0:1.3:1.3, 1.0:1.4:1.3, 1.0:1.5:1.4 and 1.0:1.5:1.5 at optimum pH 9.5, all of which displayed excellent TAN removal efficiencies of over 99%. Response surface method (RSM) helped to analyze the data and optimize the results. The struvite pyrolysate provided best performance of removing ammonia in both simulated wastewater and landfill leachate at a dosage of 60 g/L, when struvite was previously heated at 105 􀀁 by oven for 2.5 h. In the recycling phase, the struvite pyrolysate resulting from NaOH-mediated pyrolysis was more effective at continuously treating ammonia synthetic solution than was direct heating, with an initial mode of 87.4% at the beginning to 75.1% in the fifth round and direct heating of struvite from 80.9% in the first cycle and 60.6% in the final cycle. The struvite pyrolysate formed by NaOH-mediated pyrolysis performed with greater ability to continuously eliminate ammonia from landfill leachate (97.2% removal at the beginning and 72.3% in the fifth round), than did directly heated struvite (98.4% in the first cycle and 81.3% in the final cycle). Additionally, microwave irradiation could also dissociate struvite, which subsequently demonstrated moderate TAN removal in recycling phases.
Sequential cycloadditions for the synthesis of taxoid mimics and stereoselective synthesis of tamoxifen analogues via a new carbomagnesiation-palladium coupling reaction
Creators: name: Penwell, Andrea J
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Chemistry, Organic.

description: Studies towards the synthesis of TaxolRTM mimics 19 and 20 are described. The strategy involved two sequential Diels-Alder reactions to form the ABC ring system. The synthesis of aromatic analogue 19 was abandoned due to the lack of regioselectivity and low yields in the Diels-Alder reaction. More progress was made in the synthesis of norbornane analogue 20. In situ oxidation of methyl-2,5-dihydroxybenzoate, followed by cycloadditions with 2-triisopropylsilyl-1,3-butadiene and cyclopentadiene, respectively, gave the tetracyclic skeleton 56 in good yield. Further manipulations afforded compounds 69, 71, and 73, which were subsequently sent for biological testing with the hopes that they will display Taxol-like effects on microtubules. A sequential carbomagnesiation-palladium (0) coupling reaction was investigated. Treatment of a propargyl alcohol with vinyl magnesium chloride generated a magnesium-chelate intermediate, which was capable of undergoing a palladium-catalyzed cross coupling with aryl halides. The reaction was used in a stereoselective three-step synthesis of new analogues (99 and 100) of the breast cancer drug tamoxifen (74).
Open Access und Datentracking
Creators: name: Arndt, Thomas
name: Brembs, Björn
name: Upmeier, Arne
name: Altschaffel, Robert
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information Science
Datentracking
Open Science
Open Research
Open Access

description: doi:10.5446/59363
description: Beginnend bei der offenen Wissenschaft und dem Datentracking von Verlagen und den dahinter Stehenden Firmen erstreckt sich der erste Teil des Gesprächs über Tools und Methoden des Datentrackings. Gibt es Alternativen zu der aktuellen digitalen Infrastruktur oder ist die weitere Nutzung der durch Markenbindung präferierten Webseiten und Softwareprodukte ein soziales Dilemma? Funktioniert ein Wissenschaftlicher Kulturwandel? Kontrovers geht es um die öffentliche Finanzierung der Verlagsstruktur und parallele Finanzierung von dezentralen Infrastrukturen ohne Datentracking. Wofür sollen öffentliche Mittel ausgegeben werden? Helfen DEAL-Verträge weiter? Wie entsteht Marktmacht gegenüber Monopolen? Was ist Open Access wert? Den Abschluss bilden Ideen zu Regelungen und Empfehlungen für die Zukunft sowie Hinweise zum Vermeiden von Datenspuren und Open-Source-Lösungen.
Swimming Australia's incentive model was a failure: fact
Creators: name: Gilding, Michael
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Three weeks before the Olympics, Swimming Australia imposed a new 'high-performance' funding model on its swimmers, reportedly to 'see medallists rewarded'. The timing made it difficult, even unpatriotic, to question the new model but in the wash-up after the Olympics, it warrants scrutiny. The new model meant swimmers received a low base rate for participating and then a sliding scale of bonuses depending upon their performance. These performance bonuses ranged from $35,000 for individual gold medals to $4,000 for 8th position ... and nothing for less than that. The model is profoundly revealing in two ways. First, it highlights the extent to which an economic understanding of human motivation has permeated all corners of Australian society. Second, it starkly demonstrates the limitations of financial incentives in achieving outcomes. The model failed. It is generally agreed that the Australian swimmers performed well below expectations.
Synfire graphs: from spike patterns to automata of spiking neurons
Creators: name: Wennekers, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: DDC 004 / Data processing & computer science
subject: Neural networks (Computer science)
subject: Endlicher Automat
subject: Hirnforschung

description: The concept of synfire chains has been proposed by Abeles as a reason-able biophysical model for cortical long-time correlations and replicating spike patterns in multi unit recordings. Some recent computational modelling approaches extend the model into a functional direction proposing that the synchronization of synfire chains may help to solve the binding problem of cortical information processing. In the present paper we investigate further computational aspects of synfire chains. First, we show how they can be used as spatio-temporal feature stores capable to learn, regenerate and recognize spatio-temporal signals. Thereby synfire chains introduce time into the static world of attractor neural networks as paradigms for cortical information processing. Then we extend the synfire chain model from linear autonomously evolving networks to graph-like structures with external input signals. Such synfire graphs can implement arbitrary deterministic and nondeterministic finite state automata. We prove formally that synfire graphs consisting of time-continuous spiking neurons can robustly process arbitrary long input words even if realistic postsynaptic potentials, bounded background noise and spike-timing jitter are taken into consideration. A single synfire node may consist of a single spiking neuron or a larger set of cells. In the latter case connections between two nodes can be diluted or have otherwise random synaptic efficacies. The extension of synfire chains to synfire graphs introduces operational (logical, procedural, cognitive) components into common modelling of Hebbian cell assemblies and brain functioning.
Naloxone interventions in opioid overdoses: a systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Shaw, Lindsay V.
name: Moe, Jessica
name: Purssell, Roy
name: Buxton, Jane A.
name: Godwin, Jesse
name: Doyle-Waters, Mary M.
name: Brasher, Penelope M. A.
name: Hau, Jeffrey P.
name: Curran, Jason
name: Hohl, Corinne M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2019

description: Background: North America is in the midst of an unabated opioid overdose epidemic due to the increasing non-medical use of fentanyl and ultra-potent opioids. Naloxone is an effective antidote to opioid toxicity, yet its optimal dosing in the context of fentanyl and ultra-potent opioid overdoses remains unknown. This review aims to determine the relationship between the first empiric dose of naloxone and reversal of toxicity, adverse events, and the total cumulative dose required among patients with undifferentiated opioid overdoses and those with suspected toxicity from ultra-potent opioids. Secondary objectives include evaluating the relationship between the cumulative naloxone dose and toxicity reversal and adverse events, among patients with undifferentiated opioid overdoses and those with suspected toxicity from ultra-potent opioids. Methods: To identify studies, we will search MEDLINE, Embase, CENTRAL, DARE, CDAG, CINAHL, Science Citation Index, multiple trial registries, and the gray literature. Included studies will evaluate patients with suspected or confirmed opioid toxicity from undifferentiated opioids and ultra-potent opioids, who received an empiric and possibly additional doses of naloxone. The main outcomes of interest are the relationship between naloxone dose and toxicity reversal and adverse events. We will include controlled and non-controlled interventional studies, observational studies, case reports/series, and reports from poison control centers. We will extract data and assess study quality in duplicate with discrepancies resolved by consensus or a third party. We will use the Downs and Black and Cochrane risk of bias tools for observational and randomized controlled studies. If we find sufficient variation in dose, we will fit a random effects one-stage model to estimate a dose-response relationship. We will conduct multiple subgroup analyses, including by type of opioid used and by suspected high and low prevalence of ultra-potent opioid use based on geographic location and time of the original studies. Discussion: Our review will include the most up-to-date available data including ultra-potent opioids to inform the current response to the opioid epidemic, addressing the limitations of recent reviews. We anticipate limitations relating to study heterogeneity. We will disseminate study results widely to update overdose treatment guidelines and naloxone dosing in Take Home Naloxone programs.
Predicting patient knowledge of cardiac risk factors: A comparison of two approaches
Creators: name: Berkman, Janet
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biology, Biostatistics.
subject: Statistics.

description: The University of Ottawa Heart Institute conducted a survey of patients to understand the level of knowledge of cardiac risk factors and to identify any subgroups of patients that could benefit from specially designed educational programs. This thesis compares two approaches to the analysis of this multidimensional dataset. Both techniques looked at the 10 modifiable risk factors and a number of predictor variables (age, gender, education, and smoking status). Logistic regression was hampered by low sample size, sparse data, and the high probability responses of many of the binary knowledge variables. Only one risk factor was successfully explained by any of the predictor variables. Correspondence analysis demonstrated that those who are unaware of smoking as a risk factor are not current smokers; knowledge of low fibre diet is related to education but not to gender; females are more aware of high salt diet and stress as risk factors, and are more likely to have never smoked; smokers tend to have lower education and be unaware of the risk of a low fibre diet.
Five new real-time detections of fast radio bursts with UTMOST
Creators: name: Farah, W.
name: Flynn, Christopher
name: Bailes, Matthew
name: Jameson, A.
name: Bateman, T.
name: Campbell-Wilson, D.
name: Day, C. K.
name: Deller, Adam
name: Green, A. J.
name: Gupta, V.
name: Hunstead, R.
name: Lower, M. E.
name: Oslowski, Stefan
name: Parthasarathy, A.
name: Price, Daniel
name: Ravi, V.
name: Shannon, Ryan
name: Sutherland, A.
name: Temby, D.
name: Krishnan, V. Venkatraman
name: Caleb, M.
name: Chang, S. W.
name: Cruces, M.
name: Roy, J.
name: Morello, V.
name: Onken, C. A.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Webb, Sara
name: Wolf, C.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: We detail a new fast radio burst (FRB) survey with the Molonglo Radio Telescope, in which six FRBs were detected between June 2017 and December 2018. By using a real-time FRB detection system, we captured raw voltages for five of the six events, which allowed for coherent dedispersion and very high time resolution (10.24 μs) studies of the bursts. Five of the FRBs show temporal broadening consistent with interstellar and/or intergalactic scattering, with scattering timescales ranging from 0.16 to 29.1 ms. One burst, FRB181017, shows remarkable temporal structure, with 3 peaks each separated by 1 ms. We searched for phase-coherence between the leading and trailing peaks and found none, ruling out lensing scenarios. Based on this survey, we calculate an all-sky rate at 843 MHz of 98+59−39 events sky−1 day−1 to a fluence limit of 8 Jy-ms: a factor of 7 below the rates estimated from the Parkes and ASKAP telescopes at 1.4 GHz assuming the ASKAP-derived spectral index α = −1.6 (Fν∝να). Our results suggest that FRB spectra may turn over below 1 GHz. Optical, radio and X-ray followup has been made for most of the reported bursts, with no associated transients found. No repeat bursts were found in the survey.
CLIMATE CHANGE AND GENDER BASED VULNERABILITY NEXUS: AN EVIDENCE FROM CYCLONIC STORM SURGES AREA OF BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Rahman, Muhammad Shahrukh
name: Khatun, Mashrufah
name: Rahman, Muhammad Shahrukh
name: Khatun, Mashrufah
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Vulnerability
subject: women
subject: cyclone
subject: Bangladesh

description: This study explored vulnerability of women livelihood in Maheshkhali Island through applying Livelihood Vulnerability Index (LVI). Two focus group discussion along with a household survey were done to collect necessary information. Salt production was the main source of income of 68% of the sample households. The overall LVI was found 0.44 means that women livelihoods are moderately vulnerable to cyclonic storm surges. The index was highest in financial capital and lowest in human capital. Among the components, finance and incomes, knowledge and skills and land were the most vulnerable components whereas social involvement and livelihood strategies were the least vulnerable components among the major components for women in the study area. Mud-structure houses, storing dry foods for future and taking refuge in cyclone shelter were the popular coping practices of women to cope to cyclone. In order to reduce existing level of vulnerability formal and informal education, saline tolerant crop varieties and cyclone shelters were the most important adaptation needed by women in the survey area.
Study of accumulation of gases in vacuum systems: Measurement of gas transport properties of polymeric films
Creators: name: Chapanian, Rafi
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Chemical.

description: In this thesis we have proven that the resistance to accumulation of gases in vacuum tubes is not always negligible. The process of accumulation was described using the Fick's second law of diffusion. The diffusion coefficient was assumed constant and evaluated, depending on pressure, considering Knudsen diffusion, molecular diffusion, or a combination of them. Experimental system with tubes of different lengths and diameters was built and equipped with two high sensitivity pressure transducers to measure the dynamic pressure difference along the system during gas flow experiments. Two cases were considered. First, the governing partial differential equation was solved analytically assuming a constant flow of gas into the system. Experimentally, a low-flow mass flow controller provided the constant flow of gas into the system. In the second case, the governing partial differential equation was solved numerically assuming a time-dependent flow of gas given by the Barrer equation. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
Werkstattgespräch Open Access in Brandenburg und die Wirkungen der OA-Strategie
Creators: name: Euler, Ellen
name: Kaden, Ben
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Information Science
Open Access
Hochschulpolitik
Brandenburg
Openness
Open Science
Open Research

description: doi:10.5446/59360
description: Im Gespräch reflektieren Ellen Euler und Ben Kaden über die Folgen und Herausforderungen der Open-Access-Strategie des Landes Brandenburg aus dem Jahr 2019 und die auf diese Strategie bezogenen Aktivitäten der Vernetzungs- und Kompetenzstelle Open Access Brandenburg.
Bioanalytical and chemical characterization of organic micropollutant mixtures in long-term exposed passive samplers from the Joint Danube Survey 4: Setting a baseline for water quality monitoring
Creators: name: Šauer, Pavel
name: Vrana, Branislav
name: Von Der Ohe, Peter C.
name: Escher, Beate I.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023

description: Monitoring methodologies reflecting the long-term quality and contamination of surface waters are needed to obtain a representative picture of pollution and identify risk drivers. This study sets a baseline for characterizing chemical pollution in the Danube River using an innovative approach, combining continuous three-months use of passive sampling technology with comprehensive chemical (747 chemicals) and bioanalytical (seven in vitro bioassays) assessment during the Joint Danube Survey (JDS4). This is one of the world's largest investigative surface-water monitoring efforts in the longest river in the European Union, which water after riverbank filtration is broadly used for drinking water production. Two types of passive samplers, silicone rubber (SR) sheets for hydrophobic compounds and AttractSPETM HLB disks for hydrophilic compounds, were deployed at nine sites for approximately 100 days. The Danube River pollution was dominated by industrial compounds in SR samplers and by industrial compounds together with pharmaceuticals and personal care products in HLB samplers. Comparison of the Estimated Environmental Concentrations with Predicted No-Effect Concentrations revealed that at the studied sites, at least one (SR) and 4-7 (HLB) compound(s) exceeded the risk quotient of 1. We also detected AhR-mediated activity, oxidative stress response, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-mediated activity, estrogenic, androgenic, and anti-androgenic activities using in vitro bioassays. A significant portion of the AhR-mediated and estrogenic activities could be explained by detected analytes at several sites, while for the other bioassays and other sites, much of the activity remained unexplained. The effect-based trigger values for estrogenic and anti-androgenic activities were exceeded at some sites. The identified drivers of mixture in vitro effects deserve further attention in ecotoxicological and environmental pollution research. This novel approach using long-term passive sampling provides a representative benchmark of pollution and effect potentials of chemical mixtures for future water quality monitoring of the Danube River and other large water bodies. © 2023 The Author(s).
Above the glass ceiling: a university in crisis?
Creators: name: Kloot, Louise
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Gender inequity at senior ranks in Australian universities has long been recognised as a major problem. Universities are attempting to address the problem, with policies for recruitment and retention of senior women. This paper describes what happened in one faculty in a large university when three female heads were appointed. Within a year, all three were gone. A male-oriented culture predominated, where the women experienced bullying, male clubbiness, male solidarity, control by the dean and lack of respect for values which emphasised people and relationships. This faculty has significant problems which cannot be resolved without major change at executive management level.
Extracting and analyzing pyrrolizidine alkaloids in medicinal plants: a review
Creators: name: Kopp, Thomas
name: Abdel-Tawab, Mona
name: Mizaikoff, Boris
Publisher: name: Universität Ulm
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: analytical techniques
subject: extraction techniques
subject: Symphytum
subject: Tussilago
subject: Senecio
subject: DDC 610 / Medicine & health
subject: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids
subject: Plants, Medicinal
subject: Pyrrolizidinalkaloide
subject: Heilpflanzen
subject: Beinwell
subject: Huflattich
subject: Greiskraut

description: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are distributed in plant families of Asteraceae, Boraginaceae, and Fabaceae and serve in the chemical defense mechanism against herbivores. However, they became a matter of concern due to their toxicity associated with the high risk of intake within herbal preparations, e.g., phytopharmaceutical formulations, medicinal teas, or other plant-derived drug products. In 1992, the German Federal Ministry of Health established the first limits of PA content for fourteen medicinal plants. Because of the toxic effects of PAs, the Federal Institute of Risk Assessment (BfR) established more stringent limits in 2011, whereby a daily intake <0.007 µg/kg body weight was recommended and valid until 2018. A threefold higher limit was then advised by BfR. To address consumer safety, there is the need for more efficient extraction procedures along with robust, selective, and sensitive analytical methods to address these concerns. With the increased prevalence of, e.g., phytopharmaceutical formulations, this timely review comprehensively focuses on the most relevant extraction and analysis strategies for each of those fourteen plant genera. While a variety of extraction procedures has been reported, differences in PA content of up to 1110 ppm (0.11% (w/w)) were obtained dependent on the nature of the solvent and the applied extraction technique. It is evident that the efficient extraction of PAs requires further improvements or at least standardization of the extraction conditions. Comparing the various analytical techniques applied regarding selectivity and sensitivity, LC-MS methods appear most suited. This review shows that both standardized extraction and sensitive determination of PAs is required for achieving appropriate safety levels concerning public health in future.
Les produits pharmaceutiques dans l̷environnement Ń perspective à l̷échelle mondiale
Creators: name: Weber, Frank-Andreas
name: Beek, Tim Aus Der
name: Bergmann, Axel
name: Carius, Alexander
name: Grüttner, Gregor
name: Hickmann, Silke
name: Ebert, Ina
name: Hein, Arne
name: Küster, Anette
name: Rose, Johanna
name: Stolzenberg, Hans-Christian
name: Koch-Jugl, Juliane
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemikalien
subject: Strategic Approach to International Chemicals Management
subject: chemicals
subject: SAICM
subject: pharmaceutical
subject: Chemikalien
subject: Chemicals

description: Les produits pharmaceutiques sont des éléments essentiels de la médecine moderne qui apportent d’importants bienfaits à la société. Environ 4000 principes pharmaceutiques actifs sont administrés à l’échelle mondiale dans les médicaments sur ordonnance, les médicaments thérapeutiques en vente libre et dans les médicaments vétérinaires. Leurs principes actifs comprennent une variété de produits chimiques synthétiques fabriqués par les sociétés pharmaceutiques dans le monde industrialisé comme dans les pays en voie de développement à un rythme de 100 000 tonnes chaque année. Tandis que les produits pharmaceutiques sont strictement réglementés pour en contrôler l’efficacité et assurer la sécurité du patient, les effets secondaires nocifs qu’ils peuvent avoir sur l’environnement naturel n’ont pas encore été suffisamment étudiés et ne sont pas couverts par un accord ou un arrangement international.