cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Morphometrics and energetic value of Adriatic ascidians
Creators: name: GABRIELE, Marco
name: PUTRONE, Vincenzo
name: BRUNETTI, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Knowledge of the energy stored in communities is important in ecology. However, the determination of energetic content is laborious and time consuming. In order to facilitate the laboratory work done to obtain these data, some relationships between length, volume, surface, wet and dry weights and ash free dry weight were calculated regarding 18 species of ascidians. In addition, as the few energetic values known for ascidians are low and outside the energetic range
 common to the majority of other animal taxa, the energetic content of six ascidian species, was determined by analysing their biochemical composition. Our analyses showed that ascidian energetic values are included in the normal range of other animals but are located in its upper limit, and even higher in three species.
(443) Isabella Barclay
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Probing Cosmological Isotropy With Type IA Supernovae
Creators: name: Bengaly, C. A. P.
name: Bernui, A.
name: Alcaniz, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the validity of the Cosmological Principle by mapping the cosmological parameters $H_0$ and $q_0$ through the celestial sphere. In our analysis, performed in a low-redshift regime to follow a model-independent approach, we use two compilations of type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia), namely the Union2.1 and the JLA datasets. Firstly, we show that the angular distributions for both SNe Ia datasets are statistically anisotropic at high confidence level ($p$-value $
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, latex
On the smoothness of lexicographic points on Hilbert schemes
Creators: name: Ramkumar, Ritvik
name: Sammartano, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14C05, 13F20, 13F55, 15A75

description: We study the geometry of standard graded Hilbert schemes of polynomial rings and exterior algebras. Our investigation is motivated by a famous theorem of Reeves and Stillman for the Grothendieck Hilbert scheme, which states that the lexicographic point is smooth. By contrast, we show that, in standard graded Hilbert schemes of polynomial rings and exterior algebras, the lexicographic point can be singular, and it can lie in multiple irreducible components. We answer questions of Peeva-Stillman and of Maclagan-Smith.
description: 13 pages. To appear on Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra
title:  Brevi note in tema di regole e principi
Creators: name: Proto Pisani, Andrea
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Lo studio affronta la distinzione tra regole e principi, rilevando che le prime sono deducibili dai testi di legge mediante interpretazione, mentre i principi sono spesso valori che non si riferiscono a fattispecie determinanti, individuati tramite giudizi fondati sulla retorica. L’Autore conclude per la rilevanza del ruolo della Corte di Cassazione di garantire l’interpretazione uniforme.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
(437) Alexander Kelso
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-density of points of small arithmetic degrees
Creators: name: Matsuzawa, Yohsuke
name: Meng, Sheng
name: Shibata, Takahiro
name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 37P55, Secondary: 14G05, 37B40

description: Given a surjective endomorphism $f: X \to X$ on a projective variety over a number field, one can define the arithmetic degree $α_f(x)$ of $f$ at a point $x$ in $X$. The Kawaguchi - Silverman Conjecture (KSC) predicts that any forward $f$-orbit of a point $x$ in $X$ at which the arithmetic degree $α_f(x)$ is strictly smaller than the first dynamical degree $δ_f$ of $f$ is not Zariski dense. We extend the KSC to sAND (= small Arithmetic Non-Density) Conjecture that the locus $Z_f(d)$ of all points of small arithmetic degree is not Zariski dense, and verify this sAND Conjecture for endomorphisms on projective varieties including surfaces, HyperKähler varieties, abelian varieties, Mori dream spaces, simply connected smooth varieties admitting int-amplified endomorphisms, smooth threefolds admitting int-amplified endomorphisms, and some fibre spaces. We show the equivalence of the sAND Conjecture and another conjecture on the periodic subvarieties of small dynamical degree; we also show the close relations between the sAND Conjecture and the Uniform Boundedness Conjecture of Morton and Silverman on endomorphisms of projective spaces and another long standing conjecture on Uniform Boundedness of torsion points in abelian varieties.
description: 45 pages, minor editing
Cycle sexuel et fécondité du Loup Dicentrarchus labrax (Poisson Moronidé) du golfe d'Annaba
Creators: name: KARA, M. Hichem
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Sexual cycle and fecundity of sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax of Annaba's gulf. Investigations on the reproduction of Dicentrarchus labrax in the gulf of Annaba indicate that the sex-ratio is globally in
 favor of females (S.R.= 43,0%; P < 0,01) and varies over time and as a function of body length. Examination of monthly evolution of gonado-somatic index, hepato-somatic index and shows adiposity places the reproduction season between December and March and affirms that reproduction involves the mobilisation of energetic reserves contained in the liver and mesentery. The first sexual maturity is more precocious in males (23,5 cm and 2 years old) than in females (30,1 cm and 3 years old), in which the relative fertility is rather low (147 eggs.g-1). A survey of oocyte dynamics shows that there is only a single spawn each year.
Eccentricity Boost of Stars Around Shrinking Massive Black Hole Binaries
Creators: name: Iwasa, Mao
name: Seto, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a simple geometrical approach, we analyze the evolution of the Kozai-Lidov mechanism for stars around shrinking massive black hole binaries on circular orbits. We find that, due to a peculiar bifurcation pattern induced by the Newtonian potential of stellar clusters, the orbit of stars could become highly eccentric. This transition occurs abruptly for stars with small initial eccentricities. Our approach would be also useful for studying the Kozai-Lidov mechanism in various astrophysical contexts.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, revised
Feeding habits of juvenile Mustelus mustelus (Carcharhiniformes, Triakidae) in the western Mediterranean
Creators: name: MORTE, Salome
name: REDON, Manuel J.
name: SANZ-BRAU, Antonio
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: The stomach content of 261 juvenile smoothhounds Mustelus mustelus (36-75 cm total length) from the Gulf of Valencia (Spain) were studied. Samples were obtained between 1988 and 1996. Brachyura were the most important prey in terms of frequency of occurrence and numerical composition, followed by Stomatopoda, teleosts and Natantia. No significant differences were found between male and female diets. A change in food composition according to the size of fish was observed.
Causal language in health warning labels and US adults' perception: A randomized experiment
Creators: name: Kameny, M.R.
name: Maynard, O.M.
name: Jenson, D.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Hall, M.G.
name: Grummon, A.H.
Publisher: name: American Public Health Association Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Objectives. To examine US adults' reactions to health warnings with strong versus weak causal language. Methods. In 2018, we randomly assigned 1360 US adults to answer an online survey about health warnings for cigarettes, sugar-sweetened beverages, or alcohol. Participants rated 4 warning statements using different causal language variants (“causes,” “contributes to,” “can contribute to,” and “may contribute to”) displayed in random arrangement. Results. Most participants (76.3%) selected the warning that used “causes” as the 1 that most discouraged them from wanting to use the product. “Causes” was also selected most often (39.0% of participants) as the warning that participants most supported implementing. By contrast, most (66.1%) chose “may contribute to” as the warning that least discouraged them from wanting to use the product. We found few demographic differences in these patterns. Conclusions. Warnings with stronger causal language are perceived to be effective and are supported by the public.
On the law of killed exponential functionals
Creators: name: Behme, Anita
name: Lindner, Alexander
name: Reker, Jana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For two independent Lévy processes $ξ$ and $η$ and an exponentially distributed random variable $τ$ with parameter $q>0$ that is independent of $ξ$ and $η$, the killed exponential functional is given by $V_{q,ξ,η} := \int_0^τ\mathrm{e}^{-ξ_{s-}} \, \mathrm{d} η_s$. With the killed exponential functional arising as the stationary distribution of a Markov process, we calculate the infinitesimal generator of the process and use it to derive different distributional equations describing the law of $V_{q,ξ,η}$, as well as functional equations for its Lebesgue density in the absolutely continuous case. Various special cases and examples are considered, yielding more explicit information on the law of the killed exponential functional and illustrating the applications of the equations obtained. Interpreting the case $q=0$ as $τ=\infty$ leads to the classical exponential functional $\int_0^\infty \mathrm{e}^{-ξ_{s-}} \, \mathrm{d} η_s$, allowing to extend many previous results to include killing.
Syndesmis echiniacuti sp. nov. (Turbellaria: Neorhabdocoela: Umagillidae), from the Mediterranean sea urchin Echinus acutus
Creators: name: KOZLOFF, Eugene N.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Specimens of the sea urchin Echinus acutus, collected in the vicinity of Banyuls-sur-Mer and Port Vendres, France, are parasitized by Syndesmis echiniacuti sp. nov. The testes of this umagillid are located farther posteriorly than in most other species of Syndesmis, and they are distinctive in having rather slender lobes that reach nearly to the lateral margins of the body. The seminal bursa, consisting mostly of fibrous tissue, appears to have only a small permanent cavity; much of the space occupied by sperm probably develops when sperm are introduced during copulation.
ËTUDE FAUNISTIQUE ET ÉCOLOGIQUE DES AMPHIPODES DES FACIÈS ROCHEUX INTERTIDAUX
Creators: name: TRUCHOT, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1963

description: The various biotopes of the facies of the rocks inhabited by Amphipoda, in the area about Hoscofî, have been prospccted. For each of them are given a faunistic inventory, an appreciation of the abundance of each species in relation to the total population of each biotope, this making possible to show for each of these species the existence of a preferential biotope. This preferential biotope is usually well enough defined, though most species live in most biotopes.
The variations in the populations are studied qualitatively, with regard to the level, the season and various other factors of the environment. In view of those variations, a classification of the biotopes inhabited by Amphipoda and of their facies ist proposed.
The populations of Fucus vesiculosus and Fucus serratus are studied quantitatively through statistic methods. lt is shown that the abundance of those populations is in direct relation to the amount of coarsc detritus contained in these algae.
Finally, a faunistic inventory of the species observed in the facies of the rocks with a few ecological remarks on cach of them is given.
Unified Analysis of Cooperative Spectrum Sensing over Composite and Generalized Fading Channels
Creators: name: Hammadi, Ahmed Al
name: Alhussein, Omar
name: Muhaidat, Sami
name: Al-Qutayri, Mahmoud
name: Al-Araji, Saleh
name: Karagiannidis, George K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the performance of cooperative spectrum sensing (CSS) with multiple antenna nodes over composite and generalized fading channels. We model the probability density function (PDF) of the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) using the mixture gamma (MG) distribution. We then derive a generalized closed-form expression for the probability of energy detection, which can be used efficiently for generalized multipath as well as composite (multipath and shadowing) fading channels. The composite effect of fading and shadowing scenarios in CSS is mitigated by applying an optimal fusion rule that minimizes the total error rate (TER), where the optimal number of nodes is derived under the Bayesian criterion, assuming erroneous feedback channels. For imperfect feedback channels, we demonstrate the existence of a TER floor as the number of antennas of the CR nodes increases. Accordingly, we derive the optimal rule for the number of antennas that minimizes the TER. Numerical and Monte-Carlo simulations are presented to corroborate the analytical results and to provide illustrative performance comparisons between different composite fading channels.
description: Submitted to IEEE Trans. Veh. Techn
(435) Lily Gordon Fraser
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A general method for the construction of stable Galileon models consistent with the Planck data results
Creators: name: Saitou, Rio
name: Elizalde, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reconstruction procedure, which has proven quite useful to obtain viable models of the universe evolution, is here employed in order to construct inflation models. It has the advantages that it ensures full consistency with astronomical observations and that it allows to evaluate the stability of the resulting cosmological model quite easily. The reconstruction for two different types of Lagrangian, included in the frame of G-inflation, is carried out in detail and explicit models for each Lagrangian are constructed. As a bonus for having used this reconstruction formalism, the final models are easily adjusted to satisfy the observational constraints---imposed by the most recent data releases of the Planck mission---on the spectral index, the tensor to scalar ratio, and the running of the spectral index. Further, it turns also to be not difficult to make the models stable. Thus, the method here developed provides a general and very efficient tool, a quite natural procedure to construct models consistent with very precise observations. It can also be applied to other models, besides the ones here considered.
description: 17 pages
Additional file 1 of Collagen turnover biomarkers to predict outcome of patients with biliary cancer
Creators: name: Kaps, Leonard
name: Genc, Muhammed A.
name: Moehler, Markus
name: Grabbe, Stephan
name: Schattenberg, Jörn M.
name: Schuppan, Detlef
name: Pedersen, Rasmus Sund
name: Karsdal, Morten A.
name: Mildenberger, Philipp
name: Maderer, Annett
name: Willumsen, Nicholas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1.
A Splitting-free Vorticity Redistribution Method
Creators: name: Kirchhart, Matthias
name: Obi, Shinnosuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a splitting-free variant of the vorticity redistribution method. Spatial consistency and stability when combined with a time-stepping scheme are proven. We propose a new strategy preventing excessive growth in the number of particles while retaining the order of consistency. The novel concept of small neighbourhoods significantly reduces the method's computational cost. In numerical experiments the method showed second order convergence, one order higher than predicted by the analysis. Compared to the fast multipole code used in the velocity computation, the method is about three times faster.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Hybrid Numerical Solvers for Massively Parallel Eigenvalue Computation and Their Benchmark with Electronic Structure Calculations
Creators: name: Imachi, Hiroto
name: Hoshi, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F15

description: Optimally hybrid numerical solvers were constructed for massively parallel generalized eigenvalue problem (GEP).The strong scaling benchmark was carried out on the K computer and other supercomputers for electronic structure calculation problems in the matrix sizes of M = 10^4-10^6 with upto 105 cores. The procedure of GEP is decomposed into the two subprocedures of the reducer to the standard eigenvalue problem (SEP) and the solver of SEP. A hybrid solver is constructed, when a routine is chosen for each subprocedure from the three parallel solver libraries of ScaLAPACK, ELPA and EigenExa. The hybrid solvers with the two newer libraries, ELPA and EigenExa, give better benchmark results than the conventional ScaLAPACK library. The detailed analysis on the results implies that the reducer can be a bottleneck in next-generation (exa-scale) supercomputers, which indicates the guidance for future research. The code was developed as a middleware and a mini-application and will appear online.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
On automorphisms of quasi-smooth weighted complete intersections
Creators: name: Przyjalkowski, Victor
name: Shramov, Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that every reductive subgroup of the automorphism group of a quasi-smooth well formed weighted complete intersection is a restriction of a subgroup in the automorphism group in the ambient weighted projective space. Also, we provide examples demonstrating that an automorphism group of a quasi-smooth well formed Fano weighted complete intersection may be infinite and even non-reductive.
description: Appendix moved to arXiv:2010.14447; 15 pages
Persistent disparities over time in the distribution of sugar-sweetened beverage intake among children in the United States
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Mendez, M.A.
name: Miles, D.R.
name: Poti, J.M.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, D.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2019

description: Background Recent research suggests that sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption has been declining among US children aged 2-18 y. However, most studies focused on changes in mean intake, ignore high SSB consumers and do not examine intake among vulnerable groups and, including adolescents, low-income households, and several racial/ethnic minorities. Objective The aim was to estimate usual SSB intake from NHANES surveys from 2003-2004 to 2013-2014 to examine shifts at both the median and 90th percentile among US children, evaluating the extent to which intake disparities in total SSBs and subtypes have persisted. Design Children 2-18 y from NHANES 2003, 2005, 2007, 2009, 2011 and 2013. SSBs were all non-diet beverages sweetened with sugars including revising all beverages to as consumed status and excluding soy and dairy based beverages. The NCI usual intake method was used to estimate usual intake from two 24-hour recalls. A 2-part correlated model accounted for nonconsumers. Quantile regression was then used to examine differences in SSB usual intakes at the 50th and 90th percentiles by race-ethnicity, and examine interactions indicating whether racial-ethnic disparities in intake were modified by income. Results Despite considerable declines, children's SSB intake remains high, particularly among heavy consumers. Among adolescents, median SSB intake in 2013-2014 was on the order of 150-200 kcal/d, and heavy intake at the 90th percentile was on the order of 250-300 kcal/d. There were important disparities in intake that persisted over time. Although high household income was associated with lower SSB intake in non-Hispanic white (NHW) children, intakes of non-Hispanic black (NHB) and Mexican-American (MA) children from these households were similar to or higher than those from poor households. There were also large racial/ethnic differences in the types of SSBs consumed. The consumption of regular sodas by NHB children was somewhat lower than among MA and NHW children, whereas fruit drink intake was markedly higher. Conclusions Overall, these findings suggest that, despite recent declines, strategies are needed to further reduce SSB consumption, and particularly heavy intake, especially among NHB children where fruit drinks also are key source of SSBs.
Modeling Human Driving Behavior through Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Raunak
name: Wulfe, Blake
name: Phillips, Derek
name: Kuefler, Alex
name: Morton, Jeremy
name: Senanayake, Ransalu
name: Kochenderfer, Mykel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An open problem in autonomous vehicle safety validation is building reliable models of human driving behavior in simulation. This work presents an approach to learn neural driving policies from real world driving demonstration data. We model human driving as a sequential decision making problem that is characterized by non-linearity and stochasticity, and unknown underlying cost functions. Imitation learning is an approach for generating intelligent behavior when the cost function is unknown or difficult to specify. Building upon work in inverse reinforcement learning (IRL), Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning (GAIL) aims to provide effective imitation even for problems with large or continuous state and action spaces, such as modeling human driving. This article describes the use of GAIL for learning-based driver modeling. Because driver modeling is inherently a multi-agent problem, where the interaction between agents needs to be modeled, this paper describes a parameter-sharing extension of GAIL called PS-GAIL to tackle multi-agent driver modeling. In addition, GAIL is domain agnostic, making it difficult to encode specific knowledge relevant to driving in the learning process. This paper describes Reward Augmented Imitation Learning (RAIL), which modifies the reward signal to provide domain-specific knowledge to the agent. Finally, human demonstrations are dependent upon latent factors that may not be captured by GAIL. This paper describes Burn-InfoGAIL, which allows for disentanglement of latent variability in demonstrations. Imitation learning experiments are performed using NGSIM, a real-world highway driving dataset. Experiments show that these modifications to GAIL can successfully model highway driving behavior, accurately replicating human demonstrations and generating realistic, emergent behavior in the traffic flow arising from the interaction between driving agents.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. To be published in the IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
37 year snacking trends for US children 1977–2014
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Dunford, E.K.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Background: Previous studies have indicated that snacking is contributing to increased calorie intake of American children and that the energy density of snacks in US diets has increased in recent decades. Objective: Examine short-term and long-term trends in the energy density and food sources of snacks for US children from 1977 to 2014, and examine whether trends differ between socio-demographic groups. Methods: We used data collected from eight nationally representative surveys of food intake in 49,952 US children age 2–18 years, between 1977 and 2014. Overall patterns of snacking, trends in energy intake from snacking, trends in food and beverage sources and energy density of snacks across race-ethnic, age, gender, education and income groups were examined. Results: In all socio-demographic groups, there was a significant increase in per capita energy intake deriving from snacks from 1977 to 2014 (P < 0.01). Salty snack intake doubled over the study period, and sugar-sweetened beverage intake decreased overall from 1977 to 2014 but increased in Non-Hispanic Blacks. Non-Hispanic Blacks had the largest increase in per capita intake from foods as a snack from 1977 to 2014. Children in the lowest poverty level and household education groups had more than 100% increase in calorie intake from snacks from 1977 to 2014. Conclusions: We found that snacking behaviour in the USA differs between race-ethnic, household education, gender and income groups, yet snacking remains a significant component of children's diets and the foods consumed at these snacks are not the types of foods recommended by the US dietary guidelines.
(436) Andrew Gilmour
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Design of nematic liquid crystals to control microscale dynamics
Creators: name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamics of small particles, both living such as swimming bacteria and inanimate, such as colloidal spheres, has fascinated scientists for centuries. If one could learn how to control and streamline their chaotic motion, that would open technological opportunities in areas such as the transformation of stored or environmental energy into systematic motion, micro-robotics, and transport of matter at the microscale. This overview presents an approach to command microscale dynamics by replacing an isotropic medium such as water with an anisotropic fluid, a nematic liquid crystal. Orientational order leads to new dynamic effects, such as propagation of particle-like solitary waves. Many of these effects are still awaiting their detailed mathematical description. By using plasmonic metamask photoalignment, the nematic director can be patterned into predesigned structures that control dynamics of inanimate particles through the liquid crystal enabled nonlinear electrokinetics. Moreover, plasmonic patterning of liquid crystals allows one to command the dynamics of swimming bacteria, guiding their trajectories, polarity of swimming, and concentration in space. The patterned director design can also be extended to liquid crystal elastomers, in which case the director gradients define the dynamic profile of elastomer coatings. Some of these systems form an experimental playground for the exploration of out-of-equilibrium active matter, in which the levels of activity, degree of orientational order and patterns of alignment can all be controlled independently of each other.
description: 35 pages, 9 figures, a review based on a lecture
Studies on the so-called plasmodium of Ciliocincta sabellariae (Phylum Orthonectida), with notes on an associated microsporan parasite
Creators: name: KOZLOFF, Eugene N.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: The orthonectid Ciliocincta sabellariae, which parasitizes Sabellaria cementarium (Annelida: Polychaeta), creates extensive ''galleries'' in the epidermis of its host. The matrix ("plasmodium"), occupied by germinal cells, embryos, males, and females, consists of epidermal cytoplasm that has been greatly modified as a result of parasitism. Stages in the differentiation of cysts of a microsporan (microsporidian) are often found in the matrices and also in orthonectid embryos.
Associations of Alcoholic Beverage Consumption with Dietary Intake, Waist Circumference, and Body Mass Index in US Adults: National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2003-2012
Creators: name: Butler, L.
name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Poti, J.M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2018

description: Background: Findings from studies of alcohol and obesity measures (eg, waist circumference [WC] and body mass index [BMI; calculated as kg/m 2 ]) are conflicting. Residual confounding by dietary intake, inconsistent definitions of alcohol consumption across studies, and the inclusion of former drinkers in the nondrinking comparison group can contribute to the mixed literature. Objective: This study examines associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with dietary intake, WC, and BMI. Design: Cross-sectional data from the 2003-2012 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were analyzed. Participants/setting: Adults 20 to 79 years of age (n=7,436 men; n=6,939 women) were studied. Main outcome measures: Associations of alcoholic beverage consumption with energy (kcal), macronutrient and sugar intakes (% kcal), WC, and BMI were determined. Statistical analyses performed: Multivariable linear regression models were used to determine associations of average daily volume and drinking quantity (ie, drinks per drinking day) with dietary intake and obesity measures. Former and never drinkers were analyzed as distinct categories; associations of drinking with WC and BMI were examined with and without adjustment for dietary intake variables. Results: Heavier-drinking men (≥3 drinks/day) and women (≥2 drinks/day) consumed less nonalcoholic energy (β −252 kcal/day, 95% CI −346 to −159 kcal/day and β −159 kcal/day, 95% CI −245 to −73 kcal/day, respectively) than moderate drinkers (1 to 2 drinks/day in men and 1 drink/day in women). By average daily drinking volume, differences in WC and BMI between former and moderate drinkers were +1.78 cm (95% CI 0.51 to 3.05 cm) and +0.65 (95% CI 0.12 to 1.18) in men and +4.67 cm (95% CI 2.95 to 6.39 cm) and +2.49 (95% CI 1.64 to 3.34) in women. Compared with moderate drinking, heavier drinking volume was not associated with WC or BMI among men or women. In men, drinking ≥5 drinks/drinking day was associated with higher WC (β 3.48 cm, 95% CI 1.97 to 5.00 cm) and BMI (β 1.39, 95% CI 0.79 to 2.00) compared with men who consumed 1 to 2 drinks/drinking day. In women, WC and BMI were not significantly different for women drinking ≥4 drinks/drinking day compared with 1 drink/drinking day. Conclusions: Differences in dietary intake across drinking subgroups and separation of former drinkers from nondrinkers should be considered in studies of alcohol intake in relation to WC and BMI.
Sugar-sweetened beverage intake among chilean preschoolers and adolescents in 2016: A cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Essman, M.
name: Reyes, M.
name: Corvalán, C.
name: Taillie, L.S.
name: Popkin, B.M.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2018

description: Background: Chile has the highest sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) sales of any country and a growing burden of childhood obesity. This study examines SSB intake in Chilean children after a 5% SSB tax increase in 2014 but prior to marketing, labeling, and school policies implemented in 2016. Methods: 24-h recalls were collected in 2016 from two cohorts comprised of preschoolers 3–5 years of age (n = 961) and adolescents 12–14 years of age (n = 770) from low–moderate income neighborhoods. Beverages were categorized as regulated or unregulated according to whether they exceeded nutrient thresholds established by the 2016 policies. Results: Preschoolers consumed mainly beverage calories from regulated dairy beverages and substitutes (109 kcal, SD 30), unregulated dairy beverages (102 kcal, SD 24), and regulated fruit and vegetables drinks (44 kcal, SD 20). For adolescents, the greatest contributions came from regulated sodas (77 kcal, SD 47), regulated dairy beverages and substitutes (41 kcal, SD 16), and unregulated coffee and tea (41 kcal, SD 11). Overall, regulated beverages provided a greater proportion of calories than unregulated for preschoolers (15.0% vs. 11.8%) and for adolescents (9.1% vs. 5.0%). Conclusions: Before major policy implementation, regulated beverages accounted for a higher percentage of energy intake than unregulated beverages among both age groups. Future research will be needed to evaluate the impact of Chile’s new policies on sugary beverage intake in children.
title:  L’Adunanza Plenaria del Consiglio di Stato in funzione nomofilattica: il caso dello scorrimento delle graduatorie concorsuali
Creators: name: Ricci, Giancarlo
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: L’articolo prende spunto dalla sentenza 28 luglio 2011, n. 14, con cui l’Adunanza Plenaria del Consiglio di Stato, ha esposto, in funzione nomofilattica, i principi di diritto che governano l’incerto rapporto fra scorrimento, da parte della p.a., di graduatoria concorsuale ancora efficace e indizione di nuovo concorso. Scopo del contributo è di ricostruire le dinamiche applicative delle coordinate esegetiche fornite dal Supremo collegio, avendo riguardo ai più recenti sviluppi della giurisprudenza dei T.a.r. e del Consiglio di Stato.
description: Scritti dedicati a Maurizio Converso
Relative rigid subcategories and $τ$-tilting theory
Creators: name: Liu, Yu
name: Zhou, Panyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E30, 18E10, 16D90

description: Let $\mathcal B$ be an extriangulated category with enough projectives $\mathcal P$ and enough injectives $\mathcal I$, and let $\mathcal R$ be a contravariantly finite rigid subcategory of $\mathcal B$ which contains $\mathcal P$. We have an abelian quotient category $\mathcal H/\mathcal R\subseteq \mathcal B/\mathcal R$ which is equivalent ${\rm mod}(\mathcal R/\mathcal P)$. In this article, we find a one-to-one correspondence between support $τ$-tilting (resp. $τ$-rigid) subcategories of $\mathcal H/\mathcal R$ and maximal relative rigid (resp. relative rigid) subcategories of $\mathcal H$, and show that support tilting subcategories in $\mathcal H/\mathcal R$ is a special kind of support $τ$-tilting subcategories. We also study the relation between tilting subcategories of $\mathcal B/\mathcal R$ and cluster tilting subcategories of $\mathcal B$ when $\mathcal R$ is cluster tilting.
description: 21 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2003.12788
Pressure dependence of the structure and electronic properties of Sr3Ir2O7
Creators: name: Donnerer, C.
name: Feng, Z.
name: Vale, J. G.
name: Andreev, S. N.
name: Solovyev, I. V.
name: Hunter, E. C.
name: Hanfland, M.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Rønnow, H. M.
name: McMahon, M. I.
name: Mazurenko, V. V.
name: McMorrow, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structural evolution of Sr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$ as a function of pressure using x-ray diffraction. At a pressure of 54 GPa at room temperature, we observe a first-order structural phase transition, associated with a change from tetragonal to monoclinic symmetry, and accompanied by a 4% volume collapse. Rietveld refinement of the high-pressure phase reveals a novel modification of the Ruddlesden-Popper structure, which adopts an altered stacking sequence of the perovskite bilayers. As the positions of the oxygen atoms could not be reliably refined from the data, we use density functional theory (local-density approximation+$U$+spin orbit) to optimize the crystal structure, and to elucidate the electronic and magnetic properties of Sr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$ at high pressure. In the low-pressure tetragonal phase, we find that the in-plane rotation of the IrO$_6$ octahedra increases with pressure. The calculations further indicate that a bandwidth-driven insulator-metal transition occurs at $\sim$20 GPa, along with a quenching of the magnetic moment. In the high-pressure monoclinic phase, structural optimization resulted in complex tilting and rotation of the oxygen octahedra, and strongly overlapping $t_{2g}$ and $e_g$ bands. The $t_{2g}$ bandwidth renders both the spin-orbit coupling and electronic correlations ineffectual in opening an electronic gap, resulting in a robust metallic state for the high-pressure phase of Sr$_3$Ir$_2$O$_7$.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures, accepted in PRB
BOOK REVIEW: “ENVIRONMENTAL ARTS THERAPY: THE WILD FRONTIERS OF THE HEART”
Creators: name: Heginworth, Ian Siddons
name: Nash, Gary
Publisher: name: Ecopoiesis: eco-human theory and practice
Year: 2021
Subjects: art therapy
environmental arts therapy
ecopsychology
ecotherapy
dramatherapy

description: This review outlines the book “Environmental Arts Therapy: The Wild Frontiers of the Heart”, as reflecting the development of new health-promoting approaches and types of psychological support based on the alliance of nature and the arts. The book is comprised of twelve chapters, divided into five parts. Part one maps out the shape of environmental arts therapy in literature and within the contemporary history of art therapy as it is practices in the British Isles. Part two integrates the theories of attachment and childhood emotional development into the practice of environmental art therapy. Part three explores notions of the feminine and masculine as they appear within relationships with the natural world. Part four focuses upon the theme of natural yearly cycles and how they relate to psychological processes of change. The final part brings ageing and palliative care into the picture. At various points in this collection of reports and reflections about environmental art therapy, climate crisis and environmental is explicitly addressed.
CORRESPONDING WITH JEJU SCORIA: EXPLORING THE (RE)GENERATIVE QUALITIES OF STONE
Creators: name: Mchugh, Christopher
Publisher: name: Ecopoiesis: eco-human theory and practice
Year: 2021
Subjects: becoming
ceramics
correspondence
Jeju
Korea
lockdown
scoria
pandemic
volcanic stone

description: The author was one of 13 artists invited to participate as an artist in residence programme organised by City Art Community and funded by the Jeju Culture and Art Foundation. The project was to be held on Jeju Island, South Korea, in August 2020, and the aim was for participants to research and respond creatively to Jeju scoria, a volcanic stone particular to this island. Due to the Covid-19 pandemic, the residency was cancelled. Instead, participants were sent a small quantity of scoria to work with in their respective countries. In this paper, the author reflects on the challenges of conducting an artist residency remotely, arguing that while this mode of working poses challenges, particularly in terms of access to authentic contexts and stimulation, it also provides an opportunity to explore new models of interaction. Originally a site-specific project, restrictions on travel meant that this became a material-specific endeavour, conducted remotely by correspondence through emails and the postal service. The paper documents a series of material experiments undertaken to understand the material affordances of the scoria. This process of enquiry is construed as a further ‘correspondence’ between maker and material, where both are linked in a process of discovery. Rather than existing in stasis, the scoria is presented as ‘vibrant matter’ [3], a substance which invites us to consider the generative potential of materials and understand that both we and they are in a constant process of ‘becoming’ [11].
Search for Interstellar Adenine
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
name: Majumdar, Liton
name: Das, Ankan
name: Chakrabarti, Sonali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is long debated if pre-biotic molecules are indeed present in the interstellar medium. Despite substantial works pointing to their existence, pre-biotic molecules are yet to be discovered with a complete confidence. In this paper, our main aim is to study the chemical evolution of interstellar adenine under various circumstances. We prepare a large gas-grain chemical network by considering various pathways for the formation of adenine. Majumdar et al. (2012) proposed that in the absence of adenine detection, one could try to trace two precursors of adenine, namely, HCCN and NH_2CN. Recently Merz et al. (2014), proposed another route for the formation of adenine in interstellar condition. They proposed two more precursor molecules. But it was not verified by any accurate gas-grain chemical model. Neither was it known if the production rate would be high or low. Our paper fills this important gap. We include this new pathways to find that the contribution through this pathways for the formation of Adenine is the most dominant one in the context of interstellar medium. We propose that observers may look for the two precursors (C_3NH and HNCNH) in the interstellar media which are equally important for predicting abundances of adenine. We perform quantum chemical calculations to find out spectral properties of adenine and its two new precursor molecules in infrared, ultraviolet and sub-millimeter region. Our present study would be useful for predicting abundance of adenine.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in Astrophys Space Sci
Mexican households’ purchases of foods and beverages vary by store-type, taxation status, and SES
Creators: name: Popkin, B.M.
name: Taillie, L.S.
name: Salgado, J.C.
name: Pedraza, L.S.
Publisher: name: MDPI AG
Year: 2018

description: Where people shop for food is often linked to the healthiness of food purchases. In Mexico, no research has examined the connection between where people shop, what they buy, and their socioeconomic status (SES). Mexico’s sugary beverage and junk food taxes have made households decrease purchases of taxed products. However, whether households have changed where they shop is unknown. To address this gap, we use a repeated cross-sectional analysis of household packaged food and beverage purchases from the Nielsen Mexico Consumer Panel Survey from 2012 to 2015 (n > 5500 households). We examine changes in the volume of the purchase of taxed and untaxed products from different store-types (i.e., convenience stores, supermarkets, traditional retailers, wholesalers, home water-delivery, and others) by SES using multivariate linear regression models. Results show that high-SES households purchased more foods and beverages at all store-types except for low-SES who purchased the most foods and taxed beverages at traditional retailers. Purchases of taxed foods and beverages from traditional retailers significantly decreased for low-SES and middle-SES households and from supermarkets for middle-SES and high-SES households. Purchases of untaxed beverages from wholesalers significantly increased for middle-SES households and from convenience stores for high-SES households. Our findings suggest that consumers choose different stores to purchase beverages than to purchase foods and that taxes may have differentially affected each store-type.
Copidognathus nautilei (Acari: Halacaridae), a new mite from a hydrothermal vent field in the Mid-Atlantic Ridge
Creators: name: BARTSCH, Ilse
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1997

description: Several specimens of Copidognathus nautilei sp. nov. were collected on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge from the 14°45'N area. The species is described. C. nautilei demonstrates an overall resemblance to C. papillatus, a species recorded from hydrothermal vent fields in the east Pacific.