cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pulse shape discrimination for the CONUS experiment in the keV and sub-keV regime
Creators: name: Bonet, H.
name: Bonhomme, A.
name: Buck, C.
name: Fülber, K.
name: Hakenmüller, J.
name: Hempfling, J.
name: Henrichs, J.
name: Heusser, G.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Maneschg, W.
name: Rink, T.
name: Garcia, E. Sanchez
name: Stauber, J.
name: Strecker, H.
name: Wink, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Point-contact p-type high-purity germanium detectors (PPC HPGe) are particularly suited for detection of sub-keV nuclear recoils from coherent elastic scattering of neutrinos or light dark matter particles. While these particles are expected to interact homogeneously in the entire detector volume, specific classes of external background radiation preferably deposit their energy close to the semi-active detector surface, in which diffusion processes dominate that subsequently lead to slower rising pulses compared to the ones from the fully active bulk volume. Dedicated studies of their shape are therefore highly beneficial for the understanding and the rejection of these unwanted events. This article reports about the development of a data-driven pulse shape discrimination (PSD) method for the four 1 kg size PPC HPGe detectors of the CONUS experiment in the keV and sub-keV regime down to 210 eV$_{\text{ee}}$. The impact of the electronic noise at such low energies is carefully examined. It is shown that for an acceptance of 90% of the faster signal-like pulses from the bulk volume, approx. 50% of the surface events can be rejected at the energy threshold and that their contribution is fully suppressed above 800 eV$_{\text{ee}}$. Applied to the CONUS background data, such a PSD rejection cut allows to achieve an overall (15-25)% reduction of the total background budget. The new method allows to improve the sensitivity of future CONUS analyses and to refine the corresponding background model in the sub-keV energy region.
Electronic structure properties and BCS superconductivity in beta-pyrochlore oxides: KOs_2O_6
Creators: name: Saniz, R.
name: Medvedeva, J. E.
name: Ye, Lin-Hui
name: Shishidou, T.
name: Freeman, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a first-principles density-functional calculation of the electronic structure and properties of the recently discovered superconducting beta-pyrochlore oxide KOs_2O_6. We find that the electronic structure near the Fermi energy E_F is dominated by strongly hybridized Os-5d and O-2p states. A van Hove singularity very close to E_F leads to a relatively large density of states at E_F, and the Fermi surface exhibits strong nesting along several directions. These features could provide the scattering processes leading to the observed anomalous temperature dependence of the resistivity and to the rather large specific heat mass enhancement we obtain from the calculated density of states and the observed specific heat coefficient. An estimate of T_c within the framework of the BCS theory of superconductivity taking into account the possible effects of spin fluctuations arising from nesting yields the experimental value.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; submitted for publication
Simplicial complexes: higher-order spectral dimension and dynamics
Creators: name: Torres, Joaquín J.
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Simplicial complexes constitute the underlying topology of interacting complex systems including among the others brain and social interaction networks. They are generalized network structures that allow to go beyond the framework of pairwise interactions and to capture the many-body interactions between two or more nodes strongly affecting dynamical processes. In fact, the simplicial complexes topology allows to assign a dynamical variable not only to the nodes of the interacting complex systems but also to links, triangles, and so on. Here we show evidence that the dynamics defined on simplices of different dimensions can be significantly different even if we compare dynamics of simplices belonging to the same simplicial complex. By investigating the spectral properties of the simplicial complex model called "Network Geometry with Flavor" we provide evidence that the up and down higher-order Laplacians can have a finite spectral dimension whose value increases as the order of the Laplacian increases. Finally we discuss the implications of this result for higher-order diffusion defined on simplicial complexes.
description: (15 pages, 3 figures)
Insecurity and political values in the Arab world
Creators: name: Cammett, Melani
name: Ishac Diwan
name: Vartanova, Irina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Within a few years of the historic Arab uprisings of 2011, popular mobilization dissipated amidst instability in many Arab countries. We trace the relationship between shifting macro-political conditions and individual-level political values in the Middle East, demonstrating that a preference for democracy and political trust are not fixed cultural features of populations but rather can shift rapidly in the face of perceived insecurity. Our empirical analyses employ longitudinal data from the Arab Barometer covering 13 countries and data from the 2015 World Values Survey, which includes both Arab and non-Arab countries in order to benchmark regional developments against global patterns. Our findings contribute to the growing body of research on the political effects of insecurity and oppose culturalist depictions of fixed political attitudes among Muslims in narrow perspectives on the relationship between Islam and democracy.
Assessment of Investments by the Use of Software Application for Development of the Business Plan in Agriculture
Creators: name: Subic, Jonel
name: Subic, Jonel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: economic effectiveness
subject: investments
subject: business plan
subject: agriculture

description: In order to meet the requirements of more and more finicky customers, both on the domestic and foreign markets, the strengthening of the domestic economy competitiveness, imposes, besides all, the need for programs that will improve agricultural and rural development. Accordingly, it was done the software application for development of business plan in any field of agricultural production and rural economy. In this research, focus was turned on the economic efficiency of investments made in crop production. Specifically, the effects of the investment in agricultural land and mechanization for crop production were assessed. It was done by static and dynamic methods, as well as methods for investments assessment under uncertainty. In all three cases, the assessment of the project effects (including or excluding the time factor) indicates the justified investments.
B_c meson spectrum and hyperfine splittings in theshifted large-N-expansion technique
Creators: name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Sever, Ramazan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of potential models for heavy quarkonium, we compute the mass spectrum of the bottom-charmed $B_{c}$ meson system and spin-dependent splittings from the Schrödinger equation using the shifted-large-N expansion technique. The masses of the lightest vector $B_{c}^{+}$ and pseudoscalar $B_{c}$ states as well as the higher states below the threshold are estimated. Our predicted result for the ground state energy is $% 6253_{-6}^{+15}$ $MeV$ and are generally in exact agreement with earlier calculations. Calculations of the Schrödinger energy eigenvalues are carried out up to third order of the energy series. The parameters of each potential are adjusted to obtain best agreement with the experimental spin-averaged data (SAD). Our findings are compared with the observed data and with the numerical results obtained by other numerical methods.
description: 28 pages, Latex
Statistics and Polarization of Type III Radio Bursts Observed in the Inner Heliosphere
Creators: name: Pulupa, Marc
name: Bale, Stuart D.
name: Badman, Samuel T.
name: Bonnell, John W.
name: Case, Anthony W.
name: de Wit, Thierry Dudok
name: Goetz, Keith
name: Harvey, Peter R.
name: Hegedus, Alexander M.
name: Kasper, Justin C.
name: Korreck, Kelly E.
name: Krasnoselskikh, Vladimir
name: Larson, Davin
name: Lecacheux, Alain
name: Livi, Roberto
name: MacDowall, Robert J.
name: Maksimovic, Milan
name: Malaspina, David M.
name: Oliveros, Juan Carlos Martínez
name: Meyer-Vernet, Nicole
name: Moncuquet, Michel
name: Stevens, Michael
name: Whittlesey, Phyllis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present initial results from the Radio Frequency Spectrometer (RFS), the high frequency component of the FIELDS experiment on the Parker Solar Probe (PSP). During the first PSP solar encounter (2018 November), only a few small radio bursts were observed. During the second encounter (2019 April), copious Type III radio bursts occurred, including intervals of radio storms where bursts occurred continuously. In this paper, we present initial observations of the characteristics of Type III radio bursts in the inner heliosphere, calculating occurrence rates, amplitude distributions, and spectral properties of the observed bursts. We also report observations of several bursts during the second encounter which display circular polarization in the right hand polarized sense, with a degree of polarization of 0.15-0.38 in the range from 8-12 MHz. The degree of polarization can be explained either by depolarization of initially 100% polarized $o$-mode emission, or by direct generation of emission in the $o$ and $x$-mode simultaneously. Direct in situ observations in future PSP encounters could provide data which can distinguish these mechanisms.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, to be published in ApJS
Back to the Woods : The Seymour Forest College
Creators: name: Jones, Colin
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: This project questions Vancouver’s cultural relationship with the forest, pushing it beyond the realm of recreation, management, extraction, and industry – towards a coexistence. Today, Vancouver is obsessed with looking at the forests recovering from industrial extractive logging on the North Shore Mountains. Consumption of this visual backdrop of nature, its views protected in bylaw and commodified in advertising, sustains the exploitation of the greater forest landscape which began with prioritizing the value of timber over all else in the woods. On the site of the Lower Seymour Conservation Reserve, the Seymour River is condemned to be dammed a second time, by mid-century, for an additional drinking water reservoir. Ancient groves and monoculture tree plantations alike will be removed or inundated, and recreational access likely limited. The following proposal, of a Seymour Forest College, is positioned as a counter-narrative to the plans in place for this continual extraction. Instead, students can live, interact, participate, and learn experientially through applying local knowledge and their labour towards a respectful relationship with and within the landscape of the forest.
Consumers' Attitude on Locally Made Textiles and Its impact on Job Creation: The Nigerian Experience
Creators: name: Adetayo, Jashua O.
name: Agelebe, Ibiwunmi Bosede
name: Bankole, Rebecca Folake
name: Adetayo, Jashua O.
name: Agelebe, Ibiwunmi Bosede
name: Bankole, Rebecca Folake
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Consumers' attitude
subject: local goods
subject: patronage
subject: textliles industry
subject: job creation

description: This study examined consumers’ attitude on Made-in-Nigeria textiles and its impact on Job creation in Osun State, Nigeria. It investigated the reaction ofconsumers to locally made textiles, examined how attitudes affect patronage of the productand how consumers’ attitudes can either make improve or mar destroy the textiles industry. Primary data was used for this study.Consumers of textiles in Osun state constituted the study population, however, Ede town was purposively selected as the study area, due to the locally made textiles market located in the town which enjoyed patronage from within and outside Osun state. One hundred respondents were randomly selected from the sample area. Questionnaire was used to gather information, thedata gathered were analysed using both descriptive and inferential statistics.Findings revealed mixed attitudes of consumers toward madein- Nigeria textiles. It was observedthat consumers’ attitude played a major role in the patronage of the product as revealed by the chi-square statistic (χ2 = 30.362, p = 0.000). Likewise, findings showed a positive relationship between consumers’ attitudes and the growth of textiles industry but statistically insignificance as χ2 = 14.11 at p = 0.168, more also, the result revealed a positive relationship and influence of consumers’ attitude on job creation but also not statistically significant as χ2 = 10.371 at p = 0.409. The study concluded that patronage of goods was greatly dependent on the attitude of the consumers and this attitude can influence the economic growth and job creation in the country especially in the textile industry.
Autocracy login: internet censorship and civil society in the digital age
Creators: name: Chun-Chih Chang
name: Thung-Hong Lin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: This study discusses whether the internet contributes to the rise of civil society or provides the state with a means to suppress civil society. By examining cross-sectional time-series data of 153 countries from 1995 to 2018, this study demonstrates that internet censorship is a reactive strategy used by autocracies to suppress civil society. Although rapid internet diffusion might undermine internet censorship in autocracies, since the Arab Spring, the use of censorship as a political reaction to technological diffusion and contentious politics worldwide has damaged the development of civil society. The autocratic reactive approach contributes to our understanding of information and communication technology, civil society, and authoritarianism. A more nuanced illustration of internet politics delivers a warning of technological threats to civil society.
Photon production and elliptic flow from momentum-anisotropic quark-gluon plasma
Creators: name: Kasmaei, Babak Salehi
name: Strickland, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of real photons from a momentum-anisotropic quark-gluon plasma (QGP) is affected by both the collective flow of the radiating medium and the modification of local rest frame emission rate due to the anisotropic momentum distribution of partonic degrees of freedom. In this paper, we first calculate the photon production rate from an ellipsoidally momentum-anisotropic QGP including hard contributions from Compton scattering and quark pair annihilation and soft contribution calculated using the hard thermal loop (HTL) approximation. We introduce a parametrization of the nonequilibrium rate in order to facilitate its further application in yield and flow calculations. We convolve the anisotropic photon rate with the space-time evolution of QGP provided by 3+1d anisotropic hydrodynamics (aHydro) to obtain the yield and the elliptic flow coefficient $v_2$ of photons from QGP generated at Pb-Pb collisions at LHC at 2.76 TeV and Au-Au collisions at RHIC at 200 GeV. We investigate the effects of various parameters on the results. In particular we analyze the sensitivity of results to initial momentum anisotropy.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
title: Marine recreational fisheries in Europe does only harvest matter?
Creators: name: Ferter, Keno
name: Weltersbach, Marc Simon
name: Strehlow, Harry Vincent
name: Vølstad, Jon Helge
name: Alós, Josep
name: Arlinghaus, Robert
name: Armstrong, Mike
name: Carlstrand, Håkan
name: Dorow, Malte
name: de Graaf, Martin
name: van der Hammen, Tessa
name: Hyder, Kieran
name: Levrel, Harold
name: Paulrud, Anton
name: Radtke, Krzysztof
name: Sparrevohn, Claus Reedtz
name: Rocklin, Delphine
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The potential impact of marine recreational fisheries on fish stocks has largely been ignored until recent years in Europe. While the landings of European commercial fisheries in marine ecosystems have been monitored over decades, with additional efforts to quantify discards in recent years (ICES 2010; 2011), there has been relatively little effort to estimate marine recreational fisheries catches (Cooke and Cowx, 2006).
Seminorm and numerical radius inequalities of operators in semi-Hilbertian spaces
Creators: name: Moslehian, M. S.
name: Xu, Q.
name: Zamani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A05, 46C05, 47B65, 47A12

description: Let $A$ be a positive bounded operator on a Hilbert space $\big(\mathcal{H}, \langle \cdot, \cdot\rangle \big)$. The semi-inner product ${\langle x, y\rangle}_A := \langle Ax, y\rangle$, $x, y\in\mathcal{H},$ induces a seminorm ${\|\cdot\|}_A$ on $\mathcal{H}$. Let ${\|T\|}_A,\ w_A(T),$ and $c_A(T)$ denote the $A$-operator seminorm, the $A$-numerical radius, and the $A$-Crawford number of an operator $T$ in the semi-Hilbertian space $\big(\mathcal{H}, {\|\cdot\|}_A\big)$, respectively. In this paper, we present some seminorm inequalities and equalities for semi-Hilbertian space operators. More precisely, we give some necessary and sufficient conditions for two orthogonal semi-Hilbertian operators satisfy Pythagoras' equality. In addition, we derive new upper and lower bounds for the numerical radius of operators in semi-Hilbertian spaces. In particular, we show that \begin{align*} \frac{1}{16} {\|TT^{\sharp_{A}} + T^{\sharp_{A}}T\|}^{2}_{A} + \frac{1}{16}c_{A}\Big(\big(T^2 + (T^{\sharp_{A}})^2\big)^2\Big) \leq w^4_{A}(T) \leq \frac{1}{8} {\|TT^{\sharp_{A}} + T^{\sharp_{A}}T\|}^{2}_{A} + \frac{1}{2}w^2_{A}(T^2), \end{align*} where $T^{\sharp_A}$ is a distinguished $A$-adjoint operator of $T$. Some applications of our inequalities are also provided.
To power the X-ray plateaus of gamma-ray bursts through larger amplitude electromagnetic waves
Creators: name: Du, Shuang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray plateau, especially the internal plateau, is still unclear, but it could be related to GRB's central engine of magnetar. It is generally believed that the spin-down power of the magnetar is injected into forward external shock, however we propose here that most of the power will be dissipated behind the GRB jet through larger amplitude electromagnetic wave (LAEMW). Based on this proposal, the relevant physical conditions and observational implications are analyzed and discussed, and various kinds of X-ray light curves could be reproduced. Although it is still a matter of debate about the chromatic multi-band afterglow in the standard external afterglow fireball model, we can explain naturally this feature under this proposal, i.e., the electrons generating the X-ray plateau and emitting the optical afterglow are accelerated by different mechanisms. %Furthermore, we predict that the X-ray emission of spin-down wind could possibly precede the prompt emission of GRB jet if the energy of LAEMW is dissipated first but shock-induced radiation in the jet is produced later. It is emphasized that both the GRB jet and the spin-down wind should have significant observational consequences in the magnetar scenario, and should be focused equally in GRB physics.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures, ApJ submitted on 16-Mar-2020, ApJ accepted
title: Cyborg Music: A Future Musicotechnographic Aesthetic
Creators: name: Hewitt, Thomas William
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: This dissertation-assemblage is a rhizo-text of a rhizo-enquiry. It is part musicoethnography and part philosophical analysis. It looks at the work(ing practices) of four contemporary musickers. It situates a rhizo-analysis of their work, as described in four vignette studies, in discussions of, inter alia, rhizo-aesthetics, cyborgs, and boundaries in Entangled Network Space. It includes a speculative consideration of what might happen to music and musicking in the future, especially in the light of current trends in the expansion of technicity in their methods of composition, production, and distribution. It draws particularly on the philosophical writings of Alfred North Whitehead, Gilles Deleuze (particularly in association with Félix Guattari), Bernard Stiegler, Bruno Latour, Manuel DeLanda, Christopher Vitale, and Ian Hodder.
Non-linear sigma-models in noncommutative geometry: fields with values in finite spaces
Creators: name: Dabrowski, Ludwik
name: Krajewski, Thomas
name: Landi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study sigma-models on noncommutative spaces, notably on noncommutative tori. We construct instanton solutions carrying a nontrivial topological charge q and satisfying a Belavin-Polyakov bound. The moduli space of these instantons is conjectured to consists of an ordinary torus endowed with a complex structure times a projective space $CP^{q-1}$.
description: Latex, 10 pages
Measuring Intellectual Capital of National Economies
Creators: name: Radjenovic, Tamara
name: Krstic, Bojan
name: Radjenovic, Tamara
name: Krstic, Bojan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: national intellectual capital
subject: knowledge economy
subject: measurement methodologies
subject: national wealth

description: The importance of intellectual capital for creating and sustaining competitive advantage of firms has been well established and confirmed in theory and practice. Intellectual resources proved to be the most valuable resources in the process of value creation for various stakeholders. Starting from 1980s onwards, both researchers and practitioners have focused on finding the best solution for measuring intellectual capital in order to enable efficient management and reporting on intellectual capital. Soon after that, their attention switched from an organisational level to the level of cities, regions and national economies. The intellectual capital of a nation has become the most important driver of national wealth. Therefore, the aim of the paper is to examine the concept of national intellectual capital, as well as various measurement methodologies available for valuing the intangible resources of nations. Critical assessment of presented methodologies will give an overview to the policy makers how to identify and value the national intellectual capital in order to increase their national wealth and improve the well-being of their citizens.
Production and Export of Raspberry from the Republic of Serbia
Creators: name: Kljajic, Natasa
name: Kljajic, Natasa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: raspberry
subject: production
subject: export
subject: market

description: Raspberry is the most important and the most profitable export commodity in the structure of agricultural exports. It is exported at an average price of 2.7 USD/ kg, mainly frozen and mostly to the markets of Germany, France and Belgium. Therefore, this paper, in addition to data on raspberry production in Serbia and world raspberry production, also presents the volume and value of frozen raspberry exports from the Republic of Serbia in the period 2010-2015, the dynamics of frozen raspberry exports from Serbia to leading export markets as well as to the frozen raspberry markets of Serbia’s main competitors.
title: Coroners in London and Middlesex, c. 1820–1888: A Study of Medicalization and Professionalization
Creators: name: Fisher, Yvonne King
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: The nineteenth century was a period of reform and transition for the office of coroner. Despite its antiquity and its place at the heart of the investigation into sudden and unexplained deaths, various social, political and intellectual changes resulted in a growing debate about the purpose, role and functions of the coronership. Many commentators, as well as coroners themselves, believed the office needed reform. This thesis considers debates about the office of the coroner from c. 1820 to c. 1888, a period that covers the wide-ranging attempts to reform the coronial office by the London coroner Thomas Wakley in the 1820s to the legislative initiatives of the 1880s that shaped the office for the next century. In particular it assesses the extent to which these debates relate to two broad concepts: medicalization and professionalization. For some, the future of the coronial office lay in the increasing application of medical expertise to the inquest, even to the extent of turning the coronership into an exclusively medical role. This study assesses how far such ‘medicalizing’ tendencies impacted on the office. Likewise, it considers whether the office underwent a process of professionalization during the nineteenth century. By considering guides to coronial practice, legislation and the formation and activities of the Coroners’ Society of England and Wales, it explores whether the coronership became a profession over the course of the century. These debates are viewed through a focus on coroners from London and Middlesex, since as a group they were at the forefront of debates. Working in the challenging environment of the metropolis, and close to the centres of political, legal, scientific and medical authority, London and Middlesex coroners such as Wakley, William Baker, William Payne, Edwin Lankester and Samuel Langham were prominent advocates of coronial reform. The thesis assesses how far coronial change was being driven from London; it suggests that there were different phases in the reforming process, each of which was closely associated with London and Middlesex coroners, and which together brought about important reforms that professionalized the office and created a medico-legal (that is, informed and shaped by the disciplines of both medicine and law), if not medicalized, inquest.
Minimizing Injury Incidence Rate for Members of the Fire Rescue Brigades- Systematic Approach
Creators: name: Bozovic, Marijola
name: Zovkovic, Snezana
name: Bozovic, Marijola
name: Zovkovic, Snezana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Public Economics
subject: fire rescuers
subject: integrated safety system
subject: injury incidence
subject: risk assesment

description: The objective of the research is the identification and determination of requirements of the members of fire rescue brigades during the interventions in the conditions of high risk in order to minimize the possibilities for injuries during the intervention. Results indicate that almost half of respondents need further education for the purpose of identification, assessment and management of the risks that can lead to emergency situations and that education would be helpful in acquiring knowledge and abilities to help jeopardized population. Systematic overview of objectives, necessary measures and research activities is given as a guideline for improvement of domestic national system of emergency situations management.
title: Estimated bycatch of harbour porpoise (Phocoena phocoena) in two coastal gillnet fisheries in Norway, 2006-2008. Mitigation and implications for conservation
Creators: name: Bjørge, Arne
name: Skern-Mauritzen, Mette
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session C
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Independent onboard observers are recommended as the best way to obtain reliable bycatch data for marine mammals in fisheries. EU has introduced a regulation for monitoring and mitigating bycatches of small cetaceans in European Union fisheries (EU Regulation 812/2004). This regulation mandates that Acoustic Deterrent Devices (ADDs or pingers) be used in gillnet fisheries in some areas and periods for vessels larger than 12m overall length, and recommends observer programs on vessels larger than 15m overall length. For small-sized fishing vessels less than 15m overall length, which sometimes are unable to accommodate an additional person on board as an observer, the EU regulation indicates that data on incidental catches of cetaceans should be collected through scientific studies or pilot projects.
Tracing the Origins of Mass Segregation in M35: Evidence for Primordially Segregated Binaries
Creators: name: Motherway, Erin
name: Geller, Aaron M.
name: Childs, Anna C.
name: Zwicker, Claire
name: von Hippel, Ted
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M35 is a young open cluster and home to an extensive binary population. Using Gaia DR3, Pan-STARRS, and 2MASS photometry with the Bayesian statistical software, BASE-9, we derive precise cluster parameters, identify single and binary cluster members, and extract their masses. We identify 571 binaries down to Gaia G = 20.3 and a lower-limit on the binary frequency of f_b = 0.41 +/- 0.02. We extend the binary demographics by many magnitudes faint-ward of previous (radial-velocity) studies of this cluster and further away from the cluster center (1.78-degrees, roughly 10 core radii). We find the binary stars to be more centrally concentrated than the single stars in the cluster. Furthermore, we find strong evidence for mass segregation within the binary population itself, with progressively more massive binary samples becoming more and more centrally concentrated. For the single stars, we find weaker evidence for mass segregation; only the most massive single stars (> 2.5MSun) appear more centrally concentrated. Given the cluster age of ~200 Myr, and our derived half-mass relaxation time for the cluster of 230 +/- 84 Myr, we estimate ~47% of the binary stars and ~12% of single stars in the cluster have had time to become dynamically mass segregated. Importantly, when we investigate only stars with mass segregation timescales greater than the cluster age, we still find the binaries to be more centrally concentrated than the singles, suggesting the binaries may have formed with a primordially different spatial distribution than the single stars.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, published in ApJL
Pre-election polling and the democratic veneer in a hybrid regime
Creators: name: Conduit, Dara
name: Akbarzadeh, Shahram
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Hybrid regimes have consolidated on the back of techniques that balance strong regime structures with tokenistic pluralism. This democratic veneer is performed through pseudo markers of democracy such as weak political parties and semi-competitive elections, which aim to ratify regime legitimacy. How public opinion polling fits into authoritarian landscapes, however, is an aspect of hybrid regimes that remains less understood. Scholars of public opinion research in democracies believe that polling can contribute to constructing the world around it, prompting this paper to examine whether public opinion research – and pre-election polling in particular – contributes to the democratic veneer in hybrid regimes by constructing a perception of participatory democracy. It examines the nature and quality of pre-election polling undertaken in authoritarian Iran in the lead-up to the 2017 presidential election in order to make preliminary observations about the potential impact of polling on a regime’s pluralist credentials. It finds that while most polls were poor quality, no polling in an authoritarian environment is benign because the very process of asking citizens their opinions and publicizing responses creates an impression that individual opinions count, in an environment where the opposite is often true.
Friedel oscillations in a gas of interacting one-dimensional fermionic atoms confined in a harmonic trap
Creators: name: Artemenko, S. N.
name: Xianlong, Gao
name: Wonneberger, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using an asymptotic phase representation of the particle density operator $\hatρ(z)$ in the one-dimensional harmonic trap, the part $δ\hatρ_F(z)$ which describes the Friedel oscillations is extracted. The expectation value $$ with respect to the interacting ground state requires the calculation of the mean square average of a properly defined phase operator. This calculation is performed analytically for the Tomonaga-Luttinger model with harmonic confinement. It is found that the envelope of the Friedel oscillations at zero temperature decays with the boundary exponent $ν= (K+1)/2$ away from the classical boundaries. This value differs from that known for open boundary conditions or strong pinning impurities. The soft boundary in the present case thus modifies the decay of Friedel oscillations. The case of two components is also discussed.
description: Revised version to appear in Journal of Physics B: Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
The Role of Value Added Tax in the Economy of Serbia
Creators: name: Kalas, Branimir
name: Milenkovic, Nada
name: Kalas, Branimir
name: Milenkovic, Nada
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: VAT
subject: GDP
subject: total revenues
subject: Serbia

description: Value added tax has been applied for six decades now and it doesn’t represent a novelty in theory and practice. The aim of this paper is the effects of VAT on the economy and his relevance and position of total tax revenue. Authors emphasize significant share of this tax form in public finance of Serbia and the study is focused on a ten-year period 2005-2014. Using descriptive statistics and regression analysis, it’s determined the strong and positive correlation between logarithms values of value-added tax and gross domestic product, value-added tax revenues, value-added tax and total revenues, but there is statistically no significant effect of observed variables.
Immediate and Virtual Basins of Newton's Method for Entire Functions
Creators: name: Mayer, Sebastian
name: Schleicher, Dierk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D05, 37F10, 37N30

description: We investigate the well known Newton method to find roots of entire holomorphic functions. Our main result is that the immediate basin of attraction for every root is simply connected and unbounded. We also introduce ``virtual immediate basins'' in which the dynamics converges to infinity; we prove that these are simply connected as well.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: Gut Microbiota and Trastuzumab Response in HER2- Positive Breast Cancer
Creators: name: Di Modica, Martina
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: The use of trastuzumab as standard treatment for HER2-positive breast carcinomas (BCs) had largely improved the clinical outcome of BCs patients. Unfortunately, many of them do not respond to the therapy and the pathological complete response (pCR) is achieved in only 50% of patients even in those with tumours classified as the most sensitive to trastuzumab (i.e. HER2-enriched and high immune infiltration).

 Given the relevance of the immune system in trastuzumab cytotoxicity and the immune regulatory functions of gut bacteria, this project aims at investigating the role of gut microbiota as extrinsic tumour factor that influences trastuzumab activity.

 We found that antibiotics abrogated trastuzumab benefit in FVB mice in a microbiota dependent manner. Vancomycin and streptomycin lowered the abundance of Clostridiales bacteria and compromised the recruitment of immune cells in tumour microenvironment. Similar results were obtained in a model of HER2-positive BC spontaneous tumorigenesis, but not in the BALB/c model. In the attempt to improve the response to trastuzumab in FVB mice, the role of lactic acid producing bacteria was explored and an improvement in the antitumor efficacy was observed.

 Patients treated with neoadjuvant trastuzumab, who achieved pCR (R) were characterized by higher abundance of Clostridiales bacteria and a lower representation of Bacteroidales as compared to those with residual disease (NR) at surgery. Transferring faecal material from R and NR into recipient mice recapitulated the response observed in patients indicating a causal role for commensal bacteria. Furthermore, the unsupervised analysis on patients gut microbiota composition identified two microbiota clusters that significantly discriminated patients according to trastuzumab benefit while no association between microbiota clusters and the HER2-enriched PAM50 molecular classification of tumour biopsies was observed. In conclusion, our data support the role of gut microbiota composition in the therapeutic efficacy of trastuzumab independently of tumour intrinsic characteristics.
The role of digital media in the 2011 Egyptian revolution
Creators: name: Hamanaka, Shingo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: The Egyptian uprising in January 2011, widely known as the 25 January Revolution, was initially claimed to have been caused by the internet. However, the relationship between social media and participation in the anti-regime demonstrations is contested and opaque. This article explores this relationship through both a theoretical and empirical approach. More concretely, by using two survey data sets, we examine a hypothesis derived from a diffusion model of information and social movement theory. The two key findings are: (1) vanguards of the demonstrations were more active on social media than followers during the revolution, and (2) active bloggers tended to participate in demonstrations against the Mubarak regime. These findings contradict previous findings of social media’s limited effect and indicate that social media diminishes the collective action problem in anti-government protests. They also indicate that the concept of political opportunity structure is useful for understanding the revolution.
The Araucaria Project: High-precision orbital parallax and masses of eclipsing binaries from infrared interferometry
Creators: name: Gallenne, A.
name: Pietrzyński, G.
name: Graczyk, D.
name: Pilecki, B.
name: Storm, J.
name: Nardetto, N.
name: Taormina, M.
name: Gieren, W.
name: Tkachenko, A.
name: Kervella, P.
name: Mérand, A.
name: Weber, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The precise determinations of stellar mass at $\sim$1% provide important constraints on stellar evolution models. Accurate parallax measurements can also serve as independent benchmarks for the next Gaia data release. Aims. We aim at measuring the masses and distance of binary systems with a precision level better than 1% using a fully geometrical and empirical method. Methods. We obtained the first interferometric observations for the eclipsing systems AI Phe, AL Dor, KW Hya, NN Del, $ψ$ Cen and V4090 Sgr with the VLTI/PIONIER combiner, which we combined with radial velocity measurements to derive their three-dimensional orbit, masses, and distance. Results. We determined very precise stellar masses for all systems, ranging from 0.04% to 3.3 % precision level. We combined these measurements with stellar effective temperature and linear radius to fit stellar isochrones models and determined the age of the systems. We also derived the distance to the systems with a precision level as high as 0.4%. Conclusions. The comparison of theoretical models with stellar parameters shows that stellar models are still deficient in simultaneously fitting the stellar parameters (Teff , R and M) with such level of precision on individual masses. This stresses the importance of precisely measuring the stellar parameters to better calibrate stellar evolution models. The precision of our model-independent orbital parallaxes varies from 24$μ$as as to 70$μ$as and they provide a unique opportunity to check on the future Gaia measurements for possible systematic errors.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Flavor violation and warped geometry
Creators: name: Huber, Stephan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extra dimensions have interesting consequences for flavor physics. We consider a setup where the standard model fermions and gauge fields reside in the bulk of a warped extra dimension. Fermion masses and mixings are explained by flavor dependent fermion locations, without relying on hierarchical Yukawa couplings. We discuss various flavor violating processes induced by (Kaluza-Klein) gauge boson exchange and non-renormalizable operators. Experimental constraints are satisfied with a Kaluza-Klein scale of about 10 TeV. Some processes, such as muon-electron conversion, are within reach of next generation experiments.
description: 22 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures, references added
title: Automatic Generation of Dynamic Musical Transitions in Computer Games
Creators: name: Cutajar, Simon
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: In video games, music must often change quickly from one piece to another due to player interaction, such as when moving between different areas. This quick change in music can often sound jarring if the two pieces are very different from each other. Several transition techniques have been used in industry such as the abrupt cut transition, crossfading, horizontal resequencing and vertical reorchestration among others. However, while several claims are made about their effectiveness (or lack thereof), none of these have been experimentally tested. To investigate how effective each transition technique is, this dissertation empirically evaluates each technique in a study informed by music psychology. This is done based on several features identified as being important for successful transitions. The obtained results led to a novel approach to musical transitions in video games by investigating the use of a multiple viewpoint system, with viewpoints being modelled using Markov models. This algorithm allowed the seamless generation of music that could serve as a transition between two composed pieces of music. While transitions in games normally occur over a zone boundary, the algorithm presented in this dissertation takes place over a transition region, giving the generated music enough time to transition. This novel approach was evaluated in a bespoke video game environment, where participants navigated through several pairs of different game environments and rated the resulting musical transitions. The results indicate that the generated transitions perform as well as crossfading, a technique commonly used in the industry. Since crossfading is not always appropriate, being able to use generated transitions gives composers another tool in their toolbox. Furthermore, the principled approach taken opens up avenues for further research.
The Role of the Active Policy of the Labor Market in the Republic of Serbia
Creators: name: Musikic, Sladana R.
name: Marcetic, Marija N.
name: Durovic, Slobodan
name: Musikic, Sladana R.
name: Marcetic, Marija N.
name: Durovic, Slobodan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: the labor market
subject: unemployment
subject: the active policy of the labor market

description: By joining the labor market, each individual acquires economic and working independence. The therefore, dealing with the issue of unemployment is one of the key topics. For the economy of one country the efficient functioning of the labor market represents a precondition for a successful implementation of structural reforms and even economic growth and development. The policy of the labor market is a sector policy which affects the labor market. It consists of the labor market could be described as one of the most important policies of the labor market. In the paper the author presents the role of the measures of the active policy of the labor market, tendencies and effects of the implementation of the measures of the active policy. Using the sources of the National Employment Service on the measures, programs, users and allocations for the active policy of the labor market, the author presents the role and results that the active policy of the labor market has in our country. The aim of the paper is to define the guidelines for a better harmonization of the supply and demand in the labor market by monitoring the implementation of the measures of the labor market.
Navigating on Quantum Control Solution Subspaces
Creators: name: Larocca, Martin
name: Calzetta, Esteban A.
name: Wisniacki, Diego A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Optimal Control (QOC) is the field devoted to the production of external control protocols that actively guide quantum dynamics. Solutions to QOC problems were shown to constitute continuous submanifolds of control space. A solution navigation method exploiting this property to achieve secondary features in the control protocols was proposed [Larocca \textit{et al}, arXiv:1911.07105]. Originally, the technique involved the computation of the exact Hessian matrix. In this paper, we show that the navigation can be alternatively performed with a finite-difference approximation scheme, thus enabling the application of this procedure in systems where computing the exact Hessian is out of reach.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures