Archeological Survey of the Sulphur Spring Valley, Southeast Arizona
Creators: name: Woosley, Anne I.
name: Price, Tim
name: D. Carol Kriebel
Publisher: name: The Amerind Foundation, Inc.
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: Sulphur Springs Valley
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85/sulphur-springs-valley
subject: Willcox Playa Area
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/84586/willcox-playa-area
subject: PaleoIndian
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/4/paleoindian
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Archaic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8/archaic
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: AZ CC:13:122
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106158/az-cc13122
subject: AZ CC:13:121
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106157/az-cc13121
subject: AZ CC:13:124
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106160/az-cc13124
subject: AZ CC:13:123
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106159/az-cc13123
subject: Ringo site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/2225/ringo-site
subject: AZ CC:14:61
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106162/az-cc1461
subject: AZ CC:13:125
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106161/az-cc13125
subject: AZ FF:2:5
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106164/az-ff25
subject: AZ CC:14:60
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106163/az-cc1460
subject: AZ FF:2:7
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106166/az-ff27
subject: AZ FF:2:6
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106165/az-ff26
subject: AZ CC:13:115
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106168/az-cc13115
subject: AZ FF:2:8
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106167/az-ff28
subject: AZ CC:13:117
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106170/az-cc13117
subject: AZ CC:13:116
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106169/az-cc13116
subject: AZ CC:13:119
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106172/az-cc13119
subject: AZ CC:13:118
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106171/az-cc13118
subject: AZ CC:13:111
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106174/az-cc13111
subject: AZ CC:13:110
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106173/az-cc13110
subject: AZ CC:13:113
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106176/az-cc13113
subject: AZ CC:13:112
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106175/az-cc13112
subject: AZ CC:14:74
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106178/az-cc1474
subject: AZ CC:13:114
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106177/az-cc13114
subject: AZ CC:14:76
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106180/az-cc1476
subject: AZ CC:14:73
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106179/az-cc1473
subject: AZ CC:13:104
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106182/az-cc13104
subject: AZ CC:14:75
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106181/az-cc1475
subject: AZ CC:13:105
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106184/az-cc13105
subject: AZ CC : 13 :128
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106183/az-cc-13-128
subject: AZ CC:13:106
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106186/az-cc13106
subject: AZ CC : 13 :129
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106185/az-cc-13-129
subject: AZ CC:13:108
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106188/az-cc13108
subject: AZ CC:13:107
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106187/az-cc13107
subject: AZ CC:13:100
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106190/az-cc13100
subject: AZ CC:13:109
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106189/az-cc13109
subject: AZ CC:13:103
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106192/az-cc13103
subject: AZ CC:13:102
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106191/az-cc13102
subject: Double Adobe Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106126/double-adobe-site
subject: AZ CC:14:67
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106128/az-cc1467
subject: AZ CC:13:98
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106127/az-cc1398
subject: AZ CC:13:99
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106130/az-cc1399
subject: AZ FF:3:4
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106129/az-ff34
subject: AZ CC:14:69
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106132/az-cc1469
subject: AZ CC:14:66
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106131/az-cc1466
subject: AZ FF:3:3
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106134/az-ff33
subject: AZ CC:14:68
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106133/az-cc1468
subject: AZ CC:14:62
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106136/az-cc1462
subject: AZ CC:14:63
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106135/az-cc1463
subject: AZ FF:1:9
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106138/az-ff19
subject: AZ CC:14:65
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106137/az-cc1465
subject: AZ FF:1:10
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106140/az-ff110
subject: AZ CC:14:64
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106139/az-cc1464
subject: AZ FF:1:13
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106142/az-ff113
subject: AZ CC:13:177
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106141/az-cc13177
subject: AZ FF:1:11
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106144/az-ff111
subject: AZ FF:1:14
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106143/az-ff114
subject: AZ CC:14:70
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106146/az-cc1470
subject: AZ FF:1:12
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106145/az-ff112
subject: AZ CC:14:71
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106148/az-cc1471
subject: AZ CC:14:72
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106147/az-cc1472
subject: AZ CC:14:58
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106150/az-cc1458
subject: AZ CC:14:56
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106149/az-cc1456
subject: AZ CC:13:126
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106152/az-cc13126
subject: AZ CC:14:57
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106151/az-cc1457
subject: AZ FF:1:16
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106154/az-ff116
subject: AZ FF:1:15
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106153/az-ff115
subject: AZ CC:13:120
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106156/az-cc13120
subject: AZ CC:14:59
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/106155/az-cc1459
subject: Resource Extraction / Production / Transportation Structure or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/272/resource-extraction-production-transportation-structure-or-features
subject: Cistern
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/528/cistern
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Non-Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/309/non-domestic-structures
subject: Fence
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/342/fence
subject: Domestic Structure or Architectural Complex
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/251/domestic-structure-or-architectural-complex
subject: Settlements
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/252/settlements
subject: Encampment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/253/encampment
subject: Hamlet / Village
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/254/hamlet-village
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Quicklime Smelter
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/3712/quicklime-smelter
subject: Mine
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/290/mine
subject: House Mound
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/260/house-mound
subject: Mine-Related Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/292/mine-related-structures
subject: Quarry
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/293/quarry
subject: Road, Trail, and Related Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/294/road-trail-and-related-structures-or-features
subject: Rock Alignment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/360/rock-alignment
subject: Rock Art
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/361/rock-art
subject: Bedrock Mortar
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/1354/bedrock-mortar
subject: Road
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/299/road
subject: Plaza
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/331/plaza
subject: Pictograph
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/364/pictograph
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: Stone Tools
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/82/stone-tools
subject: Fossilized Animal Bone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3001/fossilized-animal-bone
subject: Automobile
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/3002/automobile
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Mineral
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/12/mineral
subject: Ceramic Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/133439/ceramic-analysis
subject: Lithic Analysis
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/14/lithic-analysis
subject: Environment Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/13/environment-research
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Site Stewardship Monitoring
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/19/site-stewardship-monitoring
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan
subject: Systematic Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/12/systematic-survey

description: The Willcox Playa Study grew from the realization that though surveys had been initiated in the Sulphur Spring Valley during the early days of Southwestern archeology, scarcely any subsequent work was undertaken, with the result that southeastern Arizona remains one of the least known regions of the prehistoric Southwest. We felt that a project would fill a gap in our knowledge of the area and would also contribute generally to Southwest archeology. The fact that the playa area is in the backyard, so to speak, of the Amerind Foundation made it doubly desirable since its proximity enables us to sustain a long range study much more easily than if we were faced with the logistics of a distant project area. The greater playa region is ideal for archeological investigation because it contains the remains of a Pleistocene lake and known artifacts of Paleo-lndian origin plus materials belonging to all later prehistoric stages. This ensures that the long prehistoric sequence is, indeed, represented by archeological remains. The recoverable data base provides excellent opportunities to document the earliest occupations of the Southwest, to reconstruct a prehistoric framework of many thousands of years, and to understand cultural changes over the long term. There exist few localized areas that potentially encompass such chronological depth, a situation which makes for exciting research prospects. These were some of our thoughts when we embarked on the 1984 reconnaissance survey. Our preliminary five-week effort established in our minds the need for much more intensive survey. Hence, application for a grant-in-aid from the State Historic Preservation Office to support a more extensive survey in 1985. A report incorporating results from both 1984 and 1985 was presented to the State Historic Preservation Office (Woosley and Kriebel, 1985). Though these two season produced a wealth of information, it was apparent that further work was required if the entire temporal range of prehistoric site remains was to be documented. As physical conditions deteriorated and the land became increasingly more arid, settlements shifted from one locality to another across the northern Sulphur Spring Valley. This displacement of prehistoric populations within the valley meant that a great deal of ground, much more than was first anticipated, had to be surveyed in order to record sites representing the whole of the prehistoric chronological sequence. Consequently, another proposal was submitted to the State Historic Preservation Officer in 1985 for an additional phase of archeological survey. This funding supported the 1986 field work which is summarized in the following chapters. The immediate objective of the 1986 season was to continue our inventory of prehistoric and historic archeological resources in the Sulphur Spring Valley. We added to the previously initiated site inventory (1984 and 1985) by extending the study area to include additional significant environmental/topographic zones, including the Pat Hills, the foothills of the Dragoon Mountains, and the Turkey Creek drainage, thereby providing a more complete picture of the general prehistoric settlement pattern. Such survey will assist us in ultimately estimating site density and site locational selection processes in broad chronological terms of Archaic peoples, early ceramics communities, and later farm villages.