Redundant-Baseline Calibration of the Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array
Creators: name: Dillon, Joshua S.
name: Lee, Max
name: Ali, Zaki S.
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
name: Orosz, Naomi
name: Nunhokee, Chuneeta Devi
name: La Plante, Paul
name: Beardsley, Adam P.
name: Kern, Nicholas S.
name: Abdurashidova, Zara
name: Aguirre, James E.
name: Alexander, Paul
name: Balfour, Yanga
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Billings, Tashalee S.
name: Bowman, Judd D.
name: Bradley, Richard F.
name: Bull, Phil
name: Burba, Jacob
name: Carey, Steve
name: Carilli, Chris L.
name: Cheng, Carina
name: DeBoer, David R.
name: Dexter, Matt
name: Acedo, Eloy de Lera
name: Ely, John
name: Ewall-Wice, Aaron
name: Fagnoni, Nicolas
name: Fritz, Randall
name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: Gale-Sides, Kingsley
name: Glendenning, Brian
name: Gorthi, Deepthi
name: Greig, Bradley
name: Grobbelaar, Jasper
name: Halday, Ziyaad
name: Hazelton, Bryna J.
name: Hewitt, Jacqueline N.
name: Hickish, Jack
name: Jacobs, Daniel C.
name: Julius, Austin
name: Kerrigan, Joshua
name: Kittiwisit, Piyanat
name: Kohn, Saul A.
name: Kolopanis, Matthew
name: Lanman, Adam
name: Lekalake, Telalo
name: Lewis, David
name: Liu, Adrian
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
name: MacMahon, David
name: Malan, Lourence
name: Malgas, Cresshim
name: Maree, Matthys
name: Martinot, Zachary E.
name: Matsetela, Eunice
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: Molewa, Mathakane
name: Morales, Miguel F.
name: Mosiane, Tshegofalang
name: Murray, Steven
name: Neben, Abraham R.
name: Nikolic, Bojan
name: Pascua, Robert
name: Patra, Nipanjana
name: Pieterse, Samantha
name: Pober, Jonathan C.
name: Razavi-Ghods, Nima
name: Ringuette, Jon
name: Robnett, James
name: Rosie, Kathryn
name: Santos, Mario G.
name: Sims, Peter
name: Smith, Craig
name: Syce, Angelo
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Thyagarajan, Nithyanandan
name: Williams, Peter K. G.
name: Zheng, Haoxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 21 cm cosmology, precision calibration is key to the separation of the neutral hydrogen signal from very bright but spectrally-smooth astrophysical foregrounds. The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA), an interferometer specialized for 21 cm cosmology and now under construction in South Africa, was designed to be largely calibrated using the self-consistency of repeated measurements of the same interferometric modes. This technique, known as "redundant-baseline calibration" resolves most of the internal degrees of freedom in the calibration problem. It assumes, however, on antenna elements with identical primary beams placed precisely on a redundant grid. In this work, we review the detailed implementation of the algorithms enabling redundant-baseline calibration and report results with HERA data. We quantify the effects of real-world non-redundancy and how they compare to the idealized scenario in which redundant measurements differ only in their noise realizations. Finally, we study how non-redundancy can produce spurious temporal structure in our calibration solutions--both in data and in simulations--and present strategies for mitigating that structure.
description: 24 Pages, 19 Figures. Updated to match the accepted MNRAS version