cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance of Concrete Tunnel Systems Subject to Fault Displacement
Creators: name: Morano, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: A Finite Element Analysis (FEA) investigation of concrete tunnel systems traversing seismic faults is carried out to determine how to effectively mitigate the stresses induced in the liner when subject to fault displacement. A parametric study of various fault parameters, both in the damage zone and competent rock, is carried out to determine the site conditions which induce the most stress on the tunnel liner system. Results indicate that friction angle, cohesion, and elastic modulus of fault zones have varying effects on the stresses induced on the liner. The width of damage zone and expected displacements are also investigated and it has been shown that even small displacements over narrow damage zones, around 10 m, can still result in significant damage to the concrete liner whereas in wider damage zones the effects of the displacement are more evident. The use of flexible joints in what is known as the articulated design method is investigated to mitigate the stresses induced by fault displacement and discussed. Several orientations, lengths and variations in relative stiffness of these flexible joints are investigated to determine their optimal effectiveness. Results show that this is an effective solution which can be used in design and repair of tunnels to mitigate the stresses and resulting damages to concrete tunnel liners subject to fault displacement.
Development of Productive Forces and the Changes of Rural President's Consumption Concept
Creators: name: Huang, Xiangyang
name: Huang, Xiangyang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Development of productive forces
subject: Rural president
subject: Consumption concept
subject: Cultural consuming
subject: China

description: The developmental status of productivity in Chinese rural area is introduced. Since the implementation of the agriculture supporting policies in 2004, the productive forces in rural areas have been improved greatly. It is reflected on the following aspects: great enhancement of rural labors' cultural quality; the quantity of agricultural machines has been increased; the level of production management and decision has been increased greatly. The paper analyzes the promotion role played by the development of productive forces to rural residents' consumption conception. The development of productive forces has laid a solid foundation for changing rural residents' consumption concept; changed rural residents' consumption Structure and improved the socialized degree of rural residents' consumption. Countermeasures on cultivating new consumption fields in rural areas are put forward including leading rural residents to foster the modern consumption conception; intensifying the governmental support and leading rural residents to set up healthy consumption concept.
Supplemental Material from Identification of four unconventional kinetoplastid kinetochore proteins KKT22–25 in Trypanosoma brucei
Creators: name: Nerusheva, Olga O.
name: Ludzia, Patryk
name: Bungo Akiyoshi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biochemistry
Cell Biology

description: Figure S1-4 and Table S2-4
High-degeneracy points protected by site-permutation symmetries
Creators: name: de Lima, F. Crasto
name: Ferreira, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space group symmetries dictate the energy degeneracy of quasiparticles (e.g., electronic, photonic) in crystalline structures. For spinless systems, there can only be double or triple degeneracies protected by these symmetries, while other degeneracies are usually taken as \textit{accidental}. In this Letter we show that it is possible to design higher degeneracies exploring site permutation symmetries. These design principles are shown to be satisfied in previously studied lattices, and new structures are proposed with three, four and five degeneracy points for spinless systems. The results are general and apply to different quasiparticle models. Here, we focus on a tight-binding approach for the electronic case as a proof of principle. The resulting high-degeneracy points are protected by the site-permutation symmetries, yielding pseudospin-1 and -2 Dirac fermions. The strategy proposed here can be used to design lattices with high-degeneracy points in electronic (e.g. metal-organic frameworks), photonic, phononic, magnonic and cold-atom systems.
Total Difference Chromatic Numbers of Graphs
Creators: name: Rohatgi, Ranjan
name: Zhang, Yufei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C78

description: Inspired by graceful labelings and total labelings of graphs, we introduce the idea of total difference labelings. A $k$-total labeling of a graph $G$ is an assignment of $k$ distinct labels to the edges and vertices of a graph so that adjacent vertices, incident edges, and an edge and its incident vertices receive different labels. A $k$-total difference labeling of a graph $G$ is a function $f$ from the set of edges and vertices of $G$ to the set $\{1,2,\ldots,k\}$, that is a $k$-total labeling of $G$ and for which $f(\{u,v\})=|f(u)-f(v)|$ for any two adjacent vertices $u$ and $v$ of $G$ with incident edge $\{u,v\}$. The least positive integer $k$ for which $G$ has a $k$-total difference labeling is its total difference chromatic number, $χ_{td}(G)$. We determine the total difference chromatic number of paths, cycles, stars, wheels, gears and helms. We also provide bounds for total difference chromatic numbers of caterpillars, lobsters, and general trees.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures
Study on Characteristics of Consumption Demand and Its Constraints of Rural Areas in China
Creators: name: Yang, Yanhui
name: Yang, Yanhui
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Rural resident
subject: Consumption demand
subject: Constraint factor
subject: Minority areas
subject: China

description: Combining the statistic data of 1997 -2009, this paper analyzes the income of farmers in eight minority areas, structure of consumption demand, the marginal propensity to consume and its constraints factors on eight minority provinces, finally, concludes with some specific proposals. That includes increasing peasant's income, strengthening rural infrastructure construction, establishing perfect rural social security system and promoting reasonable and healthy consumption of peasants.
Anaphothrips barrowi Mound & Masumoto 2009, sp. n.
Creators: name: Mound, Laurence A.
name: Masumoto, Masami
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Thysanoptera
Thripidae
Anaphothrips
Anaphothrips barrowi

description: Anaphothrips barrowi sp. n.
(Figs 32–35)
 Female macroptera. Body, legs and antennal segments I–III yellow, IV–VI faintly shaded at apex, VII–IX palest brown; fore wings pale; tergite IX major setae pale. Head wider than long, with closely spaced sculpture lines behind eyes (Fig. 32); eyes with 6 pigmented facets; ocellar setae III outside ocellar triangle. Antennae 9-segmented; III–IV with sensorium forked, II without microtrichia; VI not pedicellate, suture between VI–VII oblique (Fig. 35). Pronotum almost without sculpture, or with faint well-spaced, transverse lines; discal setae small. Metascutal sculpture irregularly reticulate with some elongate reticles; median setae fine and well back from anterior margin; MCS absent. Fore wing first vein with about 9 setae basally, 2 setae medially and 2 setae near apex; second vein with 9–11 setae; clavus with 5 veinal setae plus one seta at base. Abdominal tergites II–VII with no sculpture medially, lateral to setae S2 with about 7 lines bearing short microtrichia (Fig. 33); VIII with long regular marginal comb.
 Measurements (holotype, in microns). Body length 1020. Head, length 75; width across eyes 135. Pronotum, length 85; maximum width 160. Fore wing, length 570; median width 45; first vein longest seta in basal row 15. Tergite IV S1 setae 7. Tergite IX, MD setae 7; PM S1 setae 65. Tergite X PM S1 setae 50. Antennal segments III–IX, 30, 25, 30, 30, 7, 7, 10.
 Male macroptera. Similar to female; tergite IX with two pairs of setae scarcely thickened (Fig. 34); sternite III with very slender, transverse pore plate close to anterior margin.
 Specimens examined. Holotype female macroptera, Western Australia, Barrow Island, beaten, v.2005 (S. Callan).
 Paratypes: 10 females 3 males taken with holotype; 3 females same locality, iv–v.2005. Non-paratypic specimens: Western Australia, Cue, 6 females from Eremophila leaves (Myoporaceae), 20.iv.1997.
 Comments. The females of this species are particularly similar to those of A. barringtoni, but the males have a transverse pore plate on sternite III that is exceptionally slender.
description: Published as part of Mound, Laurence A. & Masumoto, Masami, 2009, Australian Thripinae of the Anaphothrips genus-group (Thysanoptera), with three new genera and thirty-three new species, pp. 1-76 in Zootaxa 2042 (1) on pages 21-23, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2042.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5313983
Cycle-consistent Conditional Adversarial Transfer Networks
Creators: name: Li, Jingjing
name: Chen, Erpeng
name: Ding, Zhengming
name: Zhu, Lei
name: Lu, Ke
name: Huang, Zi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Domain adaptation investigates the problem of cross-domain knowledge transfer where the labeled source domain and unlabeled target domain have distinctive data distributions. Recently, adversarial training have been successfully applied to domain adaptation and achieved state-of-the-art performance. However, there is still a fatal weakness existing in current adversarial models which is raised from the equilibrium challenge of adversarial training. Specifically, although most of existing methods are able to confuse the domain discriminator, they cannot guarantee that the source domain and target domain are sufficiently similar. In this paper, we propose a novel approach named {\it cycle-consistent conditional adversarial transfer networks} (3CATN) to handle this issue. Our approach takes care of the domain alignment by leveraging adversarial training. Specifically, we condition the adversarial networks with the cross-covariance of learned features and classifier predictions to capture the multimodal structures of data distributions. However, since the classifier predictions are not certainty information, a strong condition with the predictions is risky when the predictions are not accurate. We, therefore, further propose that the truly domain-invariant features should be able to be translated from one domain to the other. To this end, we introduce two feature translation losses and one cycle-consistent loss into the conditional adversarial domain adaptation networks. Extensive experiments on both classical and large-scale datasets verify that our model is able to outperform previous state-of-the-arts with significant improvements.
description: Codes at github.com/lijin118/3CATN
Reconnecting Mill Communities: An Architectural Intervention in Fitchburg, Massachusetts
Creators: name: Bujold, Ronald
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: For nearly a century, once prosperous mill communities throughout New England have struggled to adapt to ever-changing societal, cultural, and economic conditions. This project explores an architectural intervention for Fitchburg’s Rollstone Hill neighborhood, which seeks to reverse this trend by deploying a design strategy that begins with repurposing a 60,000 square foot mill. This strategy focuses on utilizing the fundamental and existing components of these planned communities—people, infrastructure, and economics—to cultivate the design and the relationships necessary to reconnect this neighborhood to the modern world.
Mass Effects in Hard Exclusive Photoproduction of $J/Ψ$ Mesons
Creators: name: Jaeger, B.
name: Schweiger, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an attempt to describe hard exclusive photoproduction of $J/Ψ$ mesons, i.e. the reaction $γp \to J/Ψp$, by means of a modified version of the hard-scattering approach, in which the proton is treated as a quark-diquark rather than a three-quark system. In order to improve the applicability of the model at momentum transfers of only a few GeV we take into account constituent-mass effects in the calculation of the perturbative scattering amplitude. With a standard $J/Ψ$-meson distribution amplitude and diquark-model parameters adopted from preceding investigations of other photon-induced reactions our predictions for differential cross sections overestimate the naive extrapolation of the low-momentum transfer ZEUS data. Our results, however, reveal the importance of taking into account the charm-quark mass.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps-figures, uses espcrc1.sty
Additional file 8 of Comparative genomics and phylogenetic relationships of two endemic and endangered species (Handeliodendron bodinieri and Eurycorymbus cavaleriei) of two monotypic genera within Sapindales
Creators: name: Yang, Jiaxin
name: Hu, Guoxiong
name: Hu, Guangwan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S1. Phylogenetic tree reconstruction of Sapindales using the maximum likelihood (ML) and Bayesian inference (BI) method based on large single copy (LSC) region. Only the ML tree is shown, because its topology is identical to that of the obtained BI tree. ML supports/BI posterior probabilities values are indicated on the nodes.
Visual Recollection for Non-Declarative Representations
Creators: name: Sadil, Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Recollection is a pattern completion process that enables retrieval of arbitrarily associated information following minimal study. These attributes enable recollection to support retrieval of many kinds of mnemonic representations, from highly associative contextual information to very specific low-level representations. However, recollection is typically studied in the context of declarative memory tasks, in which participants exhibit recollection by explicitly reporting on the recollected information. Is it the case that recollection is limited to declarable representations, or is it a more general process that occurs for any representation? Two experiments and a novel analysis technique are presented to answer this question. The results suggest that recollection is not limited to declarable representations. These results argue against theories of recognition memory that restrict the representational input allowed to mnemonic processes; mnemonic processes in general may act on arbitrary representations.
EXPLORING THE GROWTH OF FREELANCE AND GIG WORKFORCES: IMPACTS ON EMPLOYMENT MODELS AND BUSINESS RISKS
Creators: name: Mbonigaba Celestin* & S. Sujatha**
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The gig economy, characterized by short-term contracts and freelance work, is transforming traditional employment models. This study investigates its opportunities and challenges for businesses. The objective was to analyze cost-efficiency, workforce scalability, and innovation, while also examining the regulatory, legal, and organizational risks. Methodology involved comparative analysis using secondary data from reports and case studies. Results showed that gig workers can reduce labor costs by up to 30%, but companies relying on them face a 20% higher turnover rate and 30% increase in operational costs. Conclusion: while gig work offers flexibility, businesses must manage associated risks for sustainability.
Analysis of Adhesive Anchorage Systems Under Extreme In-Service Temperature Conditions
Creators: name: Wang, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Adhesive anchorage systems have found widespread use in structural applications, including bridge widening, concrete repair and rehabilitation, and barrier retrofitting. Because these applications typically require adhesive anchorage systems to be installed outdoors, the effects of climate conditions and day-to-day temperature fluctuations on adhesive behavior and performance should be considered. The purpose of this thesis is to simulate pullout tests of adhesive anchorage systems for threaded rod and reinforcing bars and to emulate effects under various temperature conditions through the use of finite element analysis. Results from the finite element simulation are then compared to the physical tests conducted at UMass Amherst to determine the validity of the finite element model and to assess any notable differences in adhesive anchor performance in hot, cold, and ambient temperatures. In addition, differences in adhesive stresses when anchoring threaded rod versus reinforcing steel are evaluated.
Negative absolute conductivity in photoexcited metals
Creators: name: Chiriacò, Giuliano
name: Millis, Andrew J.
name: Aleiner, Igor L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in a model of a metal photoexcited by a transient pump pulse resonant with a phonon mode the absolute dc conductivity may become negative, depending on the interplay between the electronic structure, the phonon frequency and the pump intensity. The analysis includes the effects of inelastic scattering and thermal relaxation. Results for the time evolution of the negative conductivity state are presented; the associated non-equilibrium physics may persist for long times after the pulse. Our findings provide a theoretical justification for previously proposed phenomenology and indicate new routes to the generation and exploration of intrinsically non-equilibrium states.
description: 5 pages, 3 figure. Supplement: 8 pages, 3 figures
Limits on phonon information extracted from neutron pair-density functions
Creators: name: Graf, Matthias J.
name: Jeong, Il-Kyoung
name: Starr, Daniel L.
name: Heffner, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility of extracting information about lattice dynamics in simple crystal structures from the neutron pair-density function (PDF) through inverse data analysis. Contrary to the claims by Dimitrov, Louca, and Roeder [Phys.Rev. B 60, 6204 (1999)], and in agreement with recent work by Reichardt and Pintschovius [Phys.Rev. B 63, 174302 (2001)], we find that the PDF alone is not sufficient for constructing accurate phonon dispersions in the entire Brillouin zone in systems with complex lattice dynamics. However, our numerical simulations show that for monatomic fcc and bcc crystal structures it is, in principle, possible to obtain phonon moments of complex metals as well as phonon frequencies of simple metals within a few percent accuracy.
description: 10 pages. 16 figures
The Quark Gluon Pion Plasma
Creators: name: Soni, Vikram
name: Modgil, Moninder Singh
name: Sahdev, Desdeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While it is commonly believed that there is a {\it direct} transition from the hadronic to a quark gluon phase at high temperature, it would be prejudicial to rule out a sequence of dynamically generated intermediate scales. Using as guide, an effective lagrangian with unconfined gluons and constituent quarks, interacting with a chiral multiplet, we examine a scenario in which the system undergoes first-order transitions at $ T_{comp}$, the compositeness scale of the pions, at $T_χ$, the scale for spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking, and at $T_c$, the confinement temperature. We find that at current energies, it is likely that the formation temperature of the plasma, $ T_0 < T_{comp} $, and that this is therefore a quark gluon pion plasma (QGPP) rather than the usual quark gluon plasma (QGP). We propose some dilepton-related signatures of this scenario.
description: Rewritten, new figures
Deltamethrin Induces Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and Increases Proteotoxicity in Caenorhabditis Elegans
Creators: name: XU, YUEJIA
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Deltamethrin is a widely used type-II pyrethroid insecticide in agricultural, industrial and domestic pest control. Previous studies have shown that deltamethrin can induce ER stress response in vivo. However, it is still unclear whether deltamethrin can disturb protein homeostasis. To investigate how deltamethrin affects ER protein homeostasis, we used a C. elegans model of protein misfolding. In the current study, deltamethrin induced ER stress response in C. elegans. Moreover, exposure to deltamethrin increased the accumulation of unfolded and misfolded proteins in a C. elegans model of polyglutamine aggregation in body wall muscles. Deltamethrin also increased the toxicity of polyglutamine aggregates in C. elegans, as characterized by decreased locomotion with deltamethrin treatment. These data indicate that exposure to deltamethrin can induce ER stress response, increase the accumulation and proteotoxicity of unfolded and misfolded proteins. As ER stress plays a pathological role in many diseases, these findings provide evidence for the potential pathological role of deltamethrin in ER stress-related diseases.
Additional file 5 of The causal relationship between sleep traits and the risk of schizophrenia: a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization study
Creators: name: Wang, Zhen
name: Chen, Miao
name: Wei, Yin-ze
name: Zhuo, Chen-gui
name: Xu, Hong-fei
name: Li, Wei-dong
name: Ma, Liang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 5.
Just Typical Girls? An Exploration of Older Women’s Construction and Maintenance of Punk Identities.
Creators: name: Way, Laura A.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis examines the construction and maintenance of punk identities by ageing, or older, (punk) women. Recent scholarship on post-youth subcultural involvement demonstrates some evidence of exploring the interplay between age, gender and subculture yet still lacks any research which solely focuses on the experiences of older punk women. Historically, women have been marginalised in subcultural scholarship and this has been more so the case for ageing, or older, women. In line with the feminist research values, this thesis therefore gives voice to a previously marginalised sample.The research utilised a methodology informed by a feminist and inductive approach. Data was analysed from 16 semi-structured interviews (one paired) and 5 e-mail interviews. A set of common punk values were raised by the research participants which in turn informed, not determined, their relationship with dress, music and gigs. These punk values were also important for how the women negotiated punk identities as they aged. A career model is proposed for understanding how ageing women construct and maintain punk identities. This demonstrates the emergence of three main identity categories across the research sample: the ‘toner downs’, the ‘consistent punks’ and the ‘never massively outrageous’. Reflecting on punk in their lives ‘then’ and ‘now’, the women demonstrated tensions between agency/structure with gender and social ageing highlighted as potential constraints on their construction and maintenance of punk identities.
Does Age Matter in Higher Education? Investigating Mature Undergraduate Students’ Experiences
Creators: name: Sutton, Charlotte E.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Going to university is a big undertaking for anyone. Undergraduates in the UK generally commit three years of their life to study and generate over £30,000 of debt from student loans. However, the risks may be higher for students who are aged over 21. Personal responsibilities and the gap in their experience of education can make studying harder, as mature students drop out at twice the rate of traditional-aged students (HESA, 2012, 2016), on average. Consequently, examining the factors that disrupt mature students’ studies has been a focus of a range of research (Bamber & Tett, 2000; Bowl, 2003; Hinton-Smith, 2012) in a context where Widening Participation policies have moved away from supporting mature students.This research considers whether mature students’ ages affect their experiences on a full-time undergraduate degree, during the first-two years. Yearly survey data, longitudinal interview and diary data was collected from a single cohort of students who started their undergraduate degrees in 2015/16, at an English university. This data was analysed according to the age of students to consider the similarities and differences in experiences of adaptions, motivations and barriers to study.Whilst mature students seemed to adapt quickly to organising their studies, traditional-age students adapted quicker to the academic demands and to the social side of university life. Mature students also had multiple initial motivations for study and their experiences of employment, and caring for children, were influential throughout the first two-years of study. They also faced more barriers during their studies than traditional-aged students. Some of these barriers meant that they needed to be well-organised which helped them to successfully organise their academic responsibilities. Although mature students are often dealt with as a single homogenous group, this research found that their experiences were better understood when considered as separate age groups.
Time-independant stochastic quantization, DS equations, and infrared critical exponents in QCD
Creators: name: Zwanziger, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations of time-independent stochastic quantization, without reference to an unphysical 5th time, from the principle of gauge equivalence. It asserts that probability distributions $P$ that give the same expectation values for gauge-invariant observables $ = \int dA W P$ are physically indistiguishable. This method escapes the Gribov critique. We derive an exact system of equations that closely resembles the Dyson-Schwinger equations of Faddeev-Popov theory, which we then solve non-perturbatively for the critical exponents that characterize the asymptotic form at $k \approx 0$ of the tranverse and longitudinal parts of the gluon propagator in Landau gauge, $D^T \sim (k^2)^{-1-\a_T}$ and $D^L \sim a (k^2)^{-1-\a_L}$, and obtain $\a_T = - 2\a_L \approx - 1.043$ (short range), and $\a_L \approx 0.521$, (long range). Although the longitudinal part vanishes with the gauge parameter $a$ in the Landau gauge limit, $a \to 0$, there are vertices of order $a^{-1}$, so the longitudinal part of the gluon propagator contributes in internal lines, replacing the ghost that occurs in Faddeev-Popov theory. We compare our results with the corresponding results in Faddeev-Popov theory.
description: 50 pages, 2 figures
Systematic Study of the Single Instanton Approximation in QCD
Creators: name: Faccioli, P.
name: Shuryak, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Single-instanton approximation (SIA) is often used to evaluate analytically instanton contribution to euclidean correlation functions in QCD, at small distances. We discuss how this approximation can be consistently derived from the theory of the instanton ensemble and give precise definitions to a number of different "effective masses", generalizing the parameter $m*$, which was introduced long ago to account for the collective contribution of the whole ensemble. We test numerically the range of applicability of the SIA for different quantities. Furthermore, we determine all the effective masses (for random and interacting instanton liquid models) as well as from phenomenology, and discuss to what extent those are universal.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, version submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Comparing the Performance of Uganda’s Intra-East African Community Trade and Other Trading Blocs: A Gravity Model Analysis
Creators: name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
name: Lawrence, Othieno
name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
name: Lawrence, Othieno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Gravity model
subject: imports
subject: exports
subject: intra
subject: trade intensity index
subject: trade indices
subject: trade flows
subject: trade shares
subject: blocs
subject: regional integration
subject: panel
subject: random and fixed effects.

description: This paper examines factors that determine Uganda’s trade flows and specifically compares the impact and performance of the different trade blocs on Uganda’s trade patterns and flows. The empirical question is whether Uganda’s trade is getting more integrated in the East African Community (EAC) region or is still dominated by other trading blocs, namely European Union (EU), Asia and Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa (COMESA)? Two analytical approaches are used, namely: trade indicators and estimation of the gravity models using data extracted from COMTRADE for the period 2001 – 2009 (panel). We estimate determinants of export and import trade flows separately using static random, dynamic random and IV GMM models. The results suggest a strong relationship between belonging to a trading bloc and trade flows. Likewise, Uganda’s import and export trade flows have conspicuously adjusted to the gravitational forces of the EAC during the progress of the integration. Whereas exports are being integrated more in the EAC and COMESA regions, imports are more integrated in the Asian and EU trading blocs. Therefore, strong links with trading blocs outside the EAC (i.e. EU and Asia) with regards to imports still exist. The trade indicators demonstrate that Uganda exports largely primary products and imports manufactured products. It is imperative for Uganda to target implementation of regional trade agreements to expand the country’s export markets. The EAC region should attract investment in production of high technology products to increase intra-EAC imports and reduce imports from Asia and the EU.
Metal-Catalysed Electrophilic Ring Closing Strategies to Organic Heterocycles
Creators: name: Rusul M. AL-Rubaay
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Oxygen and nitrogen heterocycles are well-known classes of compounds due to their excellent biological activity. Halogenated compounds are very useful synthetic intermediates and can function as suitable building blocks for pharmaceutical products. Thus, halocyclisation reactions to deliver fluorine and iodine into oxygen and nitrogen heterocycles have been investigated using electrophilic reagents N-fluorobenzensulfonimide and iodine with alkyne-containing tertiary alcohol substrates and alkyne-containing amides.Chapter 2 describes the synthesis and characterisation of a series of alkyne-containing tertiary alcohol substrates that have been targeted as starting materials to allow an investigation of iodocyclisation/fluorocyclisation reactions in order to generate cyclised products. Complications caused by protocyclisation reactions to give undesired dihydroisobenzofuran products have been overcome by using the different reaction sequences. In Chapter 3, a new fluorocyclisation methodology for Ag-catalysed electrophilic fluorination of alkynes to give monofluorinated or difluorinated dihydroisobenzofuran products has been designed, including avenues for regiospecific control to expand both the utility and substrate scope of the reaction. Chapter 4 shows divergent behaviour in the iodocyclisation reactions of the same alkyne substrates in different solvents where different regioselectivity for the (E)/(Z) 5-exo-dig product has been demonstrated. This regioselectivity depends on the functional groups present and the reaction conditions. Finally, Chapter 5 describes the synthesis of terminal alkynes containing benzyl or aryl amides which have been prepared in excellent yields. The amide groups have been used as internal nucleophiles for iodocyclisation reactions using the methods outlined in Chapter 4. It was found that the aryl amide (5.62e) gave oxygen-heterocyclic product mixtures in both CH2Cl2 and MeCN solvents. However, the benzyl amides (5.62a,b) gave oxygen-heterocycles in MeCN and nitrogen-heterocycles in DCM. It is presumed that the relative nucleophilicities of the oxygen and nitrogen centres in these amides are influenced by both the electronic influence of the N-substituent and interactions with the solvent.
title: Évaluation projet Paysages gravés 2014
Creators: name: LabexMed
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2019

description: Évaluation du projet Paysages gravés, réalisée en 2014.
Projet porté par Maxence Bailly (UMR 7269 LAMPEA), dans le cadre du programme ATRI, initié par le LabexMed.
Energy Efficiency of Computation in All-spin Logic: Projections and Fundamental Limits
Creators: name: Chen, Zongya
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Built with nanomagnets, a spintronic device called the all-spin logic (ASL) device carries information with only spin currents, resulting in a low power supply--10 mV. This voltage is 100 times smaller than the conventional CMOS devices (usually 0.8~1V). The potential for improved energy efficiency made possible by the low operating voltage of ASL makes it one of the most promising devices among its post-CMOS competitors.
The basic working principles of ASL device are introduced in this thesis and two complementary approaches to studying energy efficiency of computation are applied to a common set of ASL circuits: (1) a circuit simulation approach that provides efficiency estimates for specific ASL circuit realizations, and (2) a physical-information-theoretic approach that reveals fundamental efficiency bounds for ASL circuits as limited by irreversible information loss.
The results of this study support the expectation that the energy efficiency of computation in ASL can far exceed that of CMOS. However, it also reveals that ASL efficiencies--shown to exceed fundamental limits by many orders of magnitude in the ASL implementations studied here--are unlikely to approach fundamental limits because of the unavoidable energetic overhead cost of maintaining spin currents.
Deformation and Depinning of Superconducting Vortices from Artificial Defects: A Ginzburg-Landau Study
Creators: name: Priour, D. J.
name: Fertig, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Ginzburg-Landau theory, we have performed detailed studies of vortices in the presence of artificial defect arrays, for a thin film geometry. We show that when a vortex approaches the vicinity of a defect, an abrupt transition occurs in which the vortex core develops a ``string'' extending to the defect boundary, while simultaneously the supercurrents and associated magnetic flux spread out and engulf the defect. Current induced depinning of vortices is shown to be dominated by the core string distortion in typical experimental situations. Experimental consequences of this unusual depinning behavior are discussed.
description: 10 pages,9 figures
An Investigation of Native and Non-Native Chinese Language Teachers and Their Pedagogical Advantages
Creators: name: Burns, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: The motivation for this thesis stems from my own personal decade long struggle learning Mandarin Chinese. The inherent difficulty of mastering this intricate language too often will leave students feeling bewildered, confused, frustrated, and even hopeless. Having walked down this path myself, I was inspired me to investigate how the Chinese language educational landscape could be improved. What are its shortcomings? What are its strengths? How can the journeys of future Chinese language learners be made easier?
The research investigates the ongoing discussion of native and non-native speaking teachers. Teacher surveys, student surveys, student classwork, and classroom observations are utilized to glean up close and firsthand insight into the advantages and disadvantages of a native Chinese speaking teacher versus a native English speaking teacher. The research involves native and non-native speaking Chinese language teachers in an effort to elicit organic, accurate data about teachers’ classroom habits.
 The results of the experiments are not intended to “reveal the better teacher” among native and non-native speakers, rather they aim to contribute to an important discourse on the roles a native tongue plays in a foreign language classroom; a discourse that is still in its infancy. This contribution could be used by those who employ, evaluate, and administer Chinese language teachers and programs, and in turn improve the quality of Mandarin Chinese academic programs.
Biodegradable Polymers and Devices for Detection of Respiratory Pathogens
Creators: name: Al-Taie, Alaa A. J.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2019
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Novel sampling matrices were manufactured using 3D printing for the detection of respiratory pathogens, particularly the tubercle bacillus, in expired air. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) was printed using fused deposition modelling (FDM) to create a multilayer matrix to enhance the capture of bacteria. The performances of these matrices were compared with that of gelatine filters, which have been used for this same purpose to date. Mycobacterium bovis BCG, Mycobacterium abscessus, Mycobacterium Smegmatis, Haemophilus Influenzae and Escherichia coli were used in this study to contaminate the matrices. PVA matrices (60 mm diameter) and gelatine filters were contaminated with bacteria either by direct inoculation, or by aerosol exposure using an Omron A3 nebuliser to compare recovery rates for quantitative analyses. Also, bacteria exhaled by patients with Cystic Fibrosis (CF) were analysed using face masks loaded with PVA matrices. These were dissolved in water, the bacteria pelleted, and DNA extracted followed by quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR).The characteristic features of the PVA sampling matrix (SM) were studied by measuring the porosity, surface roughness, wettability and surface characteristics. The unidirectional tensile test was used to study the mechanical properties including strength, strain and modulus of elasticity of the 3D printed matrices produced using different printing parameters. These parameters included speed, infill density, layer thickness, cut angle and strain rate to allow selection of the most appropriate properties to facilitate the improved mechanical integrity of the matrices.The results showed that the 3D printed PVA samples can be used effectively to detect the airborne microorganisms. The hydrophilicity of the PVA matrix surface, the surface roughness (Ra >1 μm) and the overlap between PVA rasters resulted in enhanced the bacterial entrapment in the matrix. PVA is sufficiently robust to allow it to be handled and fabricated into fully printed face masks. The 100% infill density specimens printed at slow speed yielded a higher strength material, which is required for PVA SM.
Foliensatz: Crashkurs Digitale Langzeitarchivierung - Einführung in PREMIS
Creators: name: Lindlar, Micky
name: Rudnik, Pia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Digital Preservation
PREMIS
Preservation Metadata
Open Educational Resources

description: Dies ist der Foliensatz zum dreiteiligen Video-Crashkurs "Digitale Langzeitarchivierung - Einführung in PREMIS".

 Dieser Crashkurs wurde als Lehrvideo für den Kurs „Vom Konzept zur Praxis – Modelle und Normen der digitalen Langzeitarchivierung“ unter Leitung von Micky Lindlar und Pia Rudnik erstellt, der 2021 vom Zentrum für Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaftliche Weiterbildung der Technischen Hochschule Köln ausgerichtet wurde. Die Videos finden sich hier:
 https://zenodo.org/record/4761823
Status of the NLO Corrections to the Photon Impact Factor
Creators: name: Gieseke, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the status of the programme of calculating the next-to-leading order corrections to the virtual photon impact factor. In particular, we discuss new results for the transversely polarized photon. We briefly outline the definition of infrared finite terms and the subtraction of the leading logarithmic parts.
description: 5 pages, LaTeX, appolb.cls, 3 ps-figs, Presented at the X International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering and Related Phenomena (DIS2002), Cracow, 30 April-4 May 2002
Beyond teaching methods: highlighting physics faculty's strengths and agency
Creators: name: Strubbe, Linda E.
name: Madsen, Adrian M.
name: McKagan, Sarah B.
name: Sayre, Eleanor C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much work in physics education research (PER) characterizes faculty teaching practice in terms of whether faculty use specific named PER-based teaching methods, either with fidelity or with adaptation; we call this research paradigm the "teaching-method-centered paradigm." However, most faculty do not frame their teaching in terms of which particular named methods they use, but rather in terms of their own ideas and values, suggesting that the teaching-method-centered paradigm misses key features of faculty teaching. These key features include the productive ideas that faculty have about student learning and faculty agency around teaching. We present three case studies of faculty talking about their teaching, and analyze them in terms of two theoretical frameworks: a framework of teaching principles (How Learning Works) and a framework of faculty agency (Self-Determination Theory). We show that these frameworks well characterize key features of faculty teaching practices and agency, and can be combined in a new paradigm for modeling faculty teaching which we call an "asset-based agentic paradigm." We therefore encourage physics education researchers to move beyond the teaching-method-centered paradigm and think about faculty teaching using an asset-based agentic paradigm.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review - Physics Education Research
Additional file 5 of Beyond Drosophila: resolving the rapid radiation of schizophoran flies with phylotranscriptomics
Creators: name: Bayless, Keith M.
name: Trautwein, Michelle D.
name: Meusemann, Karen
name: Shin, Seunggwan
name: Petersen, Malte
name: Donath, Alexander
name: Podsiadlowski, Lars
name: Mayer, Christoph
name: Niehuis, Oliver
name: Peters, Ralph S.
name: Meier, Rudolf
name: Kutty, Sujatha Narayanan
name: Liu, Shanlin
name: Zhou, Xin
name: Misof, Bernhard
name: Yeates, David K.
name: Wiegmann, Brian M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology

description: Additional file 5: Table S4. Attributes and statistics for data matrices and ML analyses.
IMAGINING A HOME FOR US: REPRESENTATIONS OF QUEER FAMILIES IN CONTEMPORARY JAPANESE LITERATURE
Creators: name: Carland, Patrick
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: This thesis addresses popular works of fiction written or produced near or after 1989 in Japan and examines the roles that sexual orientation, gender and 20th century social and discursive history have had on the conceptualization of familial relations in postwar Japan. This thesis will analyze the means by which writers and artists during the 1980s and 1990s have engaged discourses of family in their works and will argue that these writers explicitly use queer (hereby defined as non-heterosexual and/or non-gender conforming) individuals and narratives to question, reshape and propose alternatives to culturally received images of heterosexual marriage and the nuclear family model. In Japan, the earliest legal model of family was the ie or house system, which codified earlier social structures that had existed amongst the samurai class of the Edo period (1600-1868) and enshrined the concept of male primogeniture into law. This was changed after World War II, when the Ie system was abolished and replaced by a model of conjugal (nuclear) familial relations. This new model of household organization was promoted by the Allied Occupation, major businesses and corporations, and the postwar Japanese government, and its attendant gendered division of labor was the foundation upon which Japan recovered economically in the postwar period and remade itself as an export-driven, capitalist country in the 1960s and 1970s. This model of family, however, has come under increased socioeconomic pressure as a result of the 1990 real estate market bubble bursting and subsequent economic contraction, as well as by continuing demographic trends that indicate a long-term, decreasing population. This thesis will argue that the model of familial relations propagated during the postwar period, particularly during the 1960s and 1970s is ideologically rooted in a historically contingent model of sanctioned heterosexual relations, and that through examining depictions of those precluded from these sanctioned relations, a better understanding of the operation of gender, sexuality and familial relations as they operate in the Japanese popular and cultural spheres can be achieved.
Modelling hydroclimatic uncertainty and short-run irrigator decision making: the Goulburn system
Creators: name: Griffith, Marnie
name: Codner, Gary
name: Weinmann, Erwin
name: Schreider, Sergei
name: Griffith, Marnie
name: Codner, Gary
name: Weinmann, Erwin
name: Schreider, Sergei
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: climate variability
subject: decision making under uncertainty
subject: water allocation
subject: water markets

description: Australia has an incredibly variable and unpredictable hydroclimate, and while irrigation is designed to reduce risk, significant uncertainty remains in both seasonal water availability (‘allocations’) and irrigation crop water requirements. This paper explores the nature and impacts of seasonal hydroclimatic uncertainty on irrigator decision making and temporary water markets in the Goulburn system in northern Victoria. Irrigation and water trading plans are modelled for the three seasons of the irrigation year (spring, summer and autumn) via discrete stochastic programming, and contrasted against a perfect information base case. In water-scarce environments, hydroclimatic uncertainty is found to be costly, in terms of both the efficiency of irrigation decisions and the allocation of water via the water market.