cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints on parameter choices for successful reservoir computing
Creators: name: Storm, L.
name: Gustavsson, K.
name: Mehlig, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Echo-state networks are simple models of discrete dynamical systems driven by a time series. By selecting network parameters such that the dynamics of the network is contractive, characterized by a negative maximal Lyapunov exponent, the network may synchronize with the driving signal. Exploiting this synchronization, the echo-state network may be trained to autonomously reproduce the input dynamics, enabling time-series prediction. However, while synchronization is a necessary condition for prediction, it is not sufficient. Here, we study what other conditions are necessary for successful time-series prediction. We identify two key parameters for prediction performance, and conduct a parameter sweep to find regions where prediction is successful. These regions differ significantly depending on whether full or partial phase space information about the input is provided to the network during training. We explain how these regions emerge.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Entropic Inference: some pitfalls and paradoxes we can avoid
Creators: name: Caticha, Ariel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The method of maximum entropy has been very successful but there are cases where it has either failed or led to paradoxes that have cast doubt on its general legitimacy. My more optimistic assessment is that such failures and paradoxes provide us with valuable learning opportunities to sharpen our skills in the proper way to deploy entropic methods. The central theme of this paper revolves around the different ways in which constraints are used to capture the information that is relevant to a problem. This leads us to focus on four epistemically different types of constraints. I propose that the failure to recognize the distinctions between them is a prime source of errors. I explicitly discuss two examples. One concerns the dangers involved in replacing expected values with sample averages. The other revolves around misunderstanding ignorance. I discuss the Friedman-Shimony paradox as it is manifested in the three-sided die problem and also in its original thermodynamic formulation.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure. Invited paper presented at MaxEnt 2012, The 32nd International Workshop on Bayesian Inference and Maximum Entropy Methods in Science and Engineering, (July 15--20, 2012, Garching, Germany)
title:  Franco Rasetti. Lo scienziato che disse no alla bomba
Creators: name: Saverio, Braccini
name: Bobrowska-Braccini, Olga
name: Ouellet, Danielle
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2023

description: Nella riflessione su come evitare la distruzione del nostro pianeta, il pensiero degli scienziati è fondamentale. Alcuni agiscono per la pace e per la protezione dell’equilibrio della Terra, ma per loro l’appuntamento con la gloria non è per nulla scontato. Franco Rasetti è uno di loro. Contribuì, in Italia, con Enrico Fermi, ai noti esperimenti sui neutroni lenti del 1934 che condussero, dopo un lungo percorso, alla realizzazione della bomba atomica. Appena ne comprese i pericoli, egli abbandonò questo tipo di ricerche e si rifiutò di partecipare al progetto della bomba. “Sarebbe stato meglio” – commentò anni dopo con amarezza – “non aver mai iniziato quegli esperimenti. Ma è impossibile fermare la ricerca”. Franco Rasetti lasciò l’Italia per insegnare fisica in Canada, all’Università Laval nella città di Québec, dove fece un lavoro pionieristico dal 1939 al 1947, prima di passare all’università Johns Hopkins a Baltimora negli Stati Uniti. Oltre che come eminente fisico, è ricordato in tutto il mondo anche come un grande naturalista. In particolare, è stato uno dei principali paleontologi della sua epoca.

Edizione italiana a cura di Saverio Braccini, Olga Bobrowska-Braccini e Danielle Ouellet
Opera originale: Danielle Ouellet avec la collaboration de René Bureau, "Franco Rasetti, physicien et naturaliste (il a dit non à la bombe)", Guérin, 2000
Traduzione di Olga Bobrowska-Braccini

Prefazione all’edizione italiana di Ugo Amaldi
Intensity-Sensitive Similarity Indexes for Image Quality Assessment
Creators: name: Li, X.
name: Armour, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The importance of Image quality assessment (IQA) is ever increasing due to the fast paced advances in imaging technology and computer vision. Among the numerous IQA methods, Structural SIMilarity (SSIM) index and its variants are better matched to the perceived quality of the human visual system. However, SSIM methods are insufficiently sensitive, when images contain low information, where the important information only occupies a low proportion of the image while most of the image is noise-like, which is common in scientific data. Therefore, we propose two new IQA methods, InTensity Weighted SSIM index and Low-Information Similarity Index, for such low information images. In addition, auxiliary indexes are proposed to assist with the assessment. The application of these new IQA methods to natural images and field-specific images, such as radio astronomical images, medical images, and remote sensing images, are also demonstrated. The results show that our IQA methods perform better than state-of-the-art SSIM methods for differences in high-intensity parts of the input images and have similar performance to that of the original and gradient-based SSIM for differences in low-intensity parts. Different similarity indexes are suitable for different applications, which we demonstrate in our results.
Effects of excitation frequency on high-order terahertz sideband generation in semiconductors
Creators: name: Xie, Xiao-Tao
name: Zhu, Bang-Fen
name: Liu, Ren-Bao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the effects of the excitation frequency on the plateau of high-order terahertz sideband generation (HSG) in semiconductors driven by intense terahertz (THz) fields. We find that the plateau of the sideband spectrum strongly depends on the detuning between the NIR laser field and the band gap. We use the quantum trajectory theory (three-step model) to understand the HSG. In the three-step model, an electron-hole pair is first excited by a weak laser, then driven by the strong THz field, and finally recombine to emit a photon with energy gain. When the laser is tuned below the band gap (negative detuning), the electron-hole generation is a virtual process that requires quantum tunneling to occur. When the energy gained by the electron-hole pair from the THz field is less than 3.2 times the ponderomotive energy, the electron and the hole can be driven to the same position and recombine without quantum tunneling, so the HSG will have large probability amplitude. This leads to a plateau feature of the HSG spectrum with a high-frequency cutoff at about 3.2 times the ponderomotive energy above the band gap. Such a plateau feature is similar to the case of high-order harmonics generation in atoms where electrons have to overcome the binding energy to escape the atomic core. A particularly interesting excitation condition in HSG is that the laser can be tuned above the band gap (positive detuning), corresponding to the unphysical "negative" binding energy in atoms for high-order harmonic generation. Now the electron-hole pair is generation by real excitation, but the recombination process can be real or virtual depending on the energy gained from the THz field, which determines the plateau feature in HSG.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 5 of Differential effects of HIF2α antagonist and HIF2α silencing in renal cancer and sensitivity to repurposed drugs
Creators: name: Arnaiz, Esther
name: Miar, Ana
name: Bridges, Esther
name: Prasad, Naveen
name: Hatch, Stephanie B.
name: Ebner, Daniel
name: Lawrie, Charles H.
name: Harris, Adrian L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Unshielded portable optically pumped magnetometer for the remote detection of conductive objects using eddy current measurements
Creators: name: Rushton, L. M.
name: Pyragius, T.
name: Meraki, A.
name: Elson, L.
name: Jensen, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically conductive objects can be detected using the principle of electromagnetic induction where a primary oscillating magnetic field induces eddy currents in the object, which in turn produce a secondary magnetic field that can be measured with a magnetometer. We have developed a portable radio-frequency optically pumped magnetometer (RF OPM) working in unshielded conditions with sub-pT/sqrt(Hz) magnetic field sensitivity when used for the detection of small oscillating magnetic fields, setting a new benchmark for the sensitivity of a portable RF OPM in unshielded conditions. Using this OPM, we have detected the induced magnetic field from aluminium disks with diameters as small as 1.5 cm and with the disks being ~25 cm from both the excitation coil and the magnetometer. When used for eddy current detection, our magnetometer achieves a sensitivity of a 2-6 pT/sqrt(Hz). We have also detected a moving aluminium disk using our RF OPM and analysed the magnetometer signals which depend on the position of the disk, illustrating the potential of high sensitivity RF OPMs for remote sensing applications.
description: The following article has been accepted by Review of Scientific Instruments. 8 figures, 10 pages
Scalable photonic quantum computing assisted by quantum-dot spin in double-sided optical microcavity
Creators: name: Wei, Hai-Rui
name: Deng, Fu-Guo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility to achieve scalable photonic quantum computing by the giant optical circular birefringence induced by a quantum-dot spin in a double-sided optical microcavity as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics. We construct a deterministic controlled-not gate on two photonic qubits by two single-photon input-output processes and the readout on an electron-medium spin confined in an optical resonant microcavity. This idea could be applied to multi-qubit gates on photonic qubits and we give the quantum circuit for a three-photon Toffoli gate. High fidelities and high efficiencies could be achieved when the side leakage to the cavity loss rate is low. It is worth pointing out that our devices work in both the strong and the weak coupling regimes.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Roadmap towards a 4I-GEP, Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara (UVT)
Creators: name: Mirica, Silvia Nicoleta
name: Nagel, Adrian
name: Petracovschi, Simona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This document outlines the development and implementation of the roadmap of the Universitatea de Vest din Timișoara (UVT) within the SUPPORTER project. It describes the grounding actions to be taken and the individual steps to be followed.

The full text, as well as other partners’ roadmaps, are to be found in SUPPORTER’s deliverable: D4.1 Report on the design of the institutional roadmaps.

 Learn more about the institutional roadmaps: https://www.supporter-project.eu/institutional-roadmaps-towards-gender-equality-plans/
description: This roadmap has been developed within SUPPORTER, a project funded by the European Union. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Executive Agency (REA). Neither the European Union nor the REA can be held responsible for them.
Gaugomaly Mediation Revisited
Creators: name: Gupta, Arpit
name: Kaplan, David E.
name: Zorawski, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most generic models of hidden sector supersymmetry breaking do not feature singlets, and gauginos obtain masses from anomaly mediated supersymmetry breaking. If one desires a natural model, then the dominant contribution to scalar masses should be of the same order, i.e. also from AMSB. However, pure AMSB models suffer from the tachyonic slepton problem. Moreover, there is a large splitting between the gluino and the wino LSP masses resulting in tight exclusion limits from typical superpartner searches. We introduce messenger fields into this framework to obtain a hybrid theory of gauge and anomaly mediation, solving both problems simultaneously. Specifically, we find any number of vector-like messenger fields (allowed by GUT unification) compress the predicted gaugino spectrum when their masses come from the Giudice-Masiero mechanism. This more compressed spectrum is less constrained by LHC searches and allows for lighter gluinos. In addition to the model, we present gaugino pole mass equations that differ from (and correct) the original literature.
Generative Aging of Brain Images with Diffeomorphic Registration
Creators: name: Fu, Jingru
name: Tzortzakakis, Antonios
name: Barroso, José
name: Westman, Eric
name: Ferreira, Daniel
name: Moreno, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Analyzing and predicting brain aging is essential for early prognosis and accurate diagnosis of cognitive diseases. The technique of neuroimaging, such as Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), provides a noninvasive means of observing the aging process within the brain. With longitudinal image data collection, data-intensive Artificial Intelligence (AI) algorithms have been used to examine brain aging. However, existing state-of-the-art algorithms tend to be restricted to group-level predictions and suffer from unreal predictions. This paper proposes a methodology for generating longitudinal MRI scans that capture subject-specific neurodegeneration and retain anatomical plausibility in aging. The proposed methodology is developed within the framework of diffeomorphic registration and relies on three key novel technological advances to generate subject-level anatomically plausible predictions: i) a computationally efficient and individualized generative framework based on registration; ii) an aging generative module based on biological linear aging progression; iii) a quality control module to fit registration for generation task. Our methodology was evaluated on 2662 T1-weighted (T1-w) MRI scans from 796 participants from three different cohorts. First, we applied 6 commonly used criteria to demonstrate the aging simulation ability of the proposed methodology; Secondly, we evaluated the quality of the synthetic images using quantitative measurements and qualitative assessment by a neuroradiologist. Overall, the experimental results show that the proposed method can produce anatomically plausible predictions that can be used to enhance longitudinal datasets, in turn enabling data-hungry AI-driven healthcare tools.
Additional file 1 of Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among Egyptian healthcare workers: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: El-Sokkary, Rehab H.
name: El Seifi, Omnia S.
name: Hassan, Hebatallah M.
name: Mortada, Eman M.
name: Hashem, Maiada K.
name: Gadelrab, Mohamed Rabie Mohamed Ali
name: Tash, Rehab M. Elsaid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Shows the details of responses (Mean score) to different questionnaire items as regards perception to COVID-19. Figure S2. Shows the details of responses to different questionnaire items as regards perception to COVID-19 vaccine. Figure S3. Shows the details of responses to different questionnaire items as regards attitude to vaccine and vaccination in general. Figure S4. Shows the details of responses to different questionnaire items as regards attitude to COVID-19 vaccines.
sparse-ir: optimal compression and sparse sampling of many-body propagators
Creators: name: Wallerberger, Markus
name: Badr, Samuel
name: Hoshino, Shintaro
name: Kakizawa, Fumiya
name: Koretsune, Takashi
name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Nogaki, Kosuke
name: Nomoto, Takuya
name: Mori, Hitoshi
name: Otsuki, Junya
name: Ozaki, Soshun
name: Sakurai, Rihito
name: Vogel, Constanze
name: Witt, Niklas
name: Yoshimi, Kazuyoshi
name: Shinaoka, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce sparse-ir, a collection of libraries to efficiently handle imaginary-time propagators, a central object in finite-temperature quantum many-body calculations. We leverage two concepts: firstly, the intermediate representation (IR), an optimal compression of the propagator with robust a-priori error estimates, and secondly, sparse sampling, near-optimal grids in imaginary time and imaginary frequency from which the propagator can be reconstructed and on which diagrammatic equations can be solved. IR and sparse sampling are packaged into stand-alone, easy-to-use Python, Julia and Fortran libraries, which can readily be included into existing software. We also include an extensive set of sample codes showcasing the library for typical many-body and ab initio methods.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
RoSGAS: Adaptive Social Bot Detection with Reinforced Self-Supervised GNN Architecture Search
Creators: name: Yang, Yingguang
name: Yang, Renyu
name: Li, Yangyang
name: Cui, Kai
name: Yang, Zhiqin
name: Wang, Yue
name: Xu, Jie
name: Xie, Haiyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social bots are referred to as the automated accounts on social networks that make attempts to behave like human. While Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) has been massively applied to the field of social bot detection, a huge amount of domain expertise and prior knowledge is heavily engaged in the state-of-the art approaches to design a dedicated neural network architecture for a specific classification task. Involving oversized nodes and network layers in the model design, however, usually causes the over-smoothing problem and the lack of embedding discrimination. In this paper, we propose RoSGAS, a novel Reinforced and Self-supervised GNN Architecture Search framework to adaptively pinpoint the most suitable multi-hop neighborhood and the number of layers in the GNN architecture. More specifically, we consider the social bot detection problem as a user-centric subgraph embedding and classification task. We exploit heterogeneous information network to present the user connectivity by leveraging account metadata, relationships, behavioral features and content features. RoSGAS uses a multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (RL) mechanism for navigating the search of optimal neighborhood and network layers to learn individually the subgraph embedding for each target user. A nearest neighbor mechanism is developed for accelerating the RL training process, and RoSGAS can learn more discriminative subgraph embedding with the aid of self-supervised learning. Experiments on 5 Twitter datasets show that RoSGAS outperforms the state-of-the-art approaches in terms of accuracy, training efficiency and stability, and has better generalization when handling unseen samples.
description: 32 pages, 12 figures accpted by ACM Transactions on the Web (TWEB)
Additional file 1 of Establishing a genomic database for the medicinal plants in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia
Creators: name: Zhou, Guan-Ru
name: Liao, Bao-Sheng
name: Li, Qiu-Shi
name: Xu, Jiang
name: Chen, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Summary of Cp genomes in the BPGD.
A generic, hierarchical framework for massively parallel Wang-Landau sampling
Creators: name: Vogel, Thomas
name: Li, Ying Wai
name: Wüst, Thomas
name: Landau, David P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a parallel Wang-Landau method based on the replica-exchange framework for Monte Carlo simulations. To demonstrate its advantages and general applicability for simulations of complex systems, we apply it to different spin models including spin glasses, the Ising model and the Potts model, lattice protein adsorption, and the self-assembly process in amphiphilic solutions. Without loss of accuracy, the method gives significant speed-up and potentially scales up to petaflop machines.
Segmentation-free PVC for Cardiac SPECT using a Densely-connected Multi-dimensional Dynamic Network
Creators: name: Xie, Huidong
name: Liu, Zhao
name: Shi, Luyao
name: Greco, Kathleen
name: Chen, Xiongchao
name: Zhou, Bo
name: Feher, Attila
name: Stendahl, John C.
name: Boutagy, Nabil
name: Kyriakides, Tassos C.
name: Wang, Ge
name: Sinusas, Albert J.
name: Liu, Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In nuclear imaging, limited resolution causes partial volume effects (PVEs) that affect image sharpness and quantitative accuracy. Partial volume correction (PVC) methods incorporating high-resolution anatomical information from CT or MRI have been demonstrated to be effective. However, such anatomical-guided methods typically require tedious image registration and segmentation steps. Accurately segmented organ templates are also hard to obtain, particularly in cardiac SPECT imaging, due to the lack of hybrid SPECT/CT scanners with high-end CT and associated motion artifacts. Slight mis-registration/mis-segmentation would result in severe degradation in image quality after PVC. In this work, we develop a deep-learning-based method for fast cardiac SPECT PVC without anatomical information and associated organ segmentation. The proposed network involves a densely-connected multi-dimensional dynamic mechanism, allowing the convolutional kernels to be adapted based on the input images, even after the network is fully trained. Intramyocardial blood volume (IMBV) is introduced as an additional clinical-relevant loss function for network optimization. The proposed network demonstrated promising performance on 28 canine studies acquired on a GE Discovery NM/CT 570c dedicated cardiac SPECT scanner with a 64-slice CT using Technetium-99m-labeled red blood cells. This work showed that the proposed network with densely-connected dynamic mechanism produced superior results compared with the same network without such mechanism. Results also showed that the proposed network without anatomical information could produce images with statistically comparable IMBV measurements to the images generated by anatomical-guided PVC methods, which could be helpful in clinical translation.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication at IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
Additional file 2 of Establishing a genomic database for the medicinal plants in the Brazilian Pharmacopoeia
Creators: name: Zhou, Guan-Ru
name: Liao, Bao-Sheng
name: Li, Qiu-Shi
name: Xu, Jiang
name: Chen, Shi-Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S1. The tutorial of the species identification function of the BPGD.
Shocks and Ejecta Mass: Radio Observations of Nova V1723 Aql
Creators: name: Weston, Jennifer H. S.
name: Sokoloski, Jennifer L.
name: Zheng, Yong
name: Chomiuk, Laura
name: Mioduszewski, Amy
name: Mukai, Koji
name: Rupen, Michael P.
name: Krauss, Miriam I.
name: Roy, Nirupam
name: Nelson, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radio light curves of novae rise and fall over the course of months to years, allowing for detailed observations of the evolution of the nova shell. However, the main parameter determined by radio models of nova explosions - the mass of the ejecta - often seems to exceed theoretical expectations by an order of magnitude. With the recent technological improvements on the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA), new observations can test the assumptions upon which ejecta mass estimates are based. Early observations of the classical nova V1723 Aql showed an unexpectedly rapid rise in radio flux density and a distinct bump in the radio light curve on the rise to radio maximum, which is inconsistent with the simple model of spherical ejecta expelled in a single discrete event. This initial bump appears to indicate the presence of shocked material in the outer region of the ejected shell, with the emission from the shocks fading over time. We explore possible origins for this emission and its relation to the mass loss history of the nova. The evolution of the radio spectrum also reveals the density profile, the mass of the ejected shell, and other properties of the ejecta. These observations comprise one of the most complete, longterm set of multi-wavelength radio observations for any classical nova to date.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of conference "Stella Novae: Future and Past Decades," P. A. Woudt & V. A. R. M. Ribeiro (eds), ASP Conference Series
Network Control Systems RTAI framework A Review
Creators: name: Bhatia, Deepika
name: Shrawankar, Urmila
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the advancement in the automation industry, to perform complex remote operations is required. Advancements in the networking technology has led to the development of different architectures to implement control from a large distance. In various control applications of the modern industry, the agents, such as sensors, actuators, and controllers are basically geographically distributed. For efficient working of a control application, all of the agents have to exchange information through a communication media. At present, an increasing number of distributed control systems are based on platforms made up of conventional PCs running open-source real-time operating systems. Often, these systems needed to have networked devices supporting synchronized operations with respect to each node. A framework is studied that relies on standard software and protocol as RTAI, EtherCAT, RTnet and IEEE 1588. RTAI and its various protocols are studied in network control systems environment.
description: Pages: 4 Figures : 1
Object Type Clustering using Markov Directly-Follow Multigraph in Object-Centric Process Mining
Creators: name: Jalali, Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object-centric process mining is a new paradigm with more realistic assumptions about underlying data by considering several case notions, e.g., an order handling process can be analyzed based on order, item, package, and route case notions. Including many case notions can result in a very complex model. To cope with such complexity, this paper introduces a new approach to cluster similar case notions based on Markov Directly-Follow Multigraph, which is an extended version of the well-known Directly-Follow Graph supported by many industrial and academic process mining tools. This graph is used to calculate a similarity matrix for discovering clusters of similar case notions based on a threshold. A threshold tuning algorithm is also defined to identify sets of different clusters that can be discovered based on different levels of similarity. Thus, the cluster discovery will not rely on merely analysts' assumptions. The approach is implemented and released as a part of a python library, called processmining, and it is evaluated through a Purchase to Pay (P2P) object-centric event log file. Some discovered clusters are evaluated by discovering Directly Follow-Multigraph by flattening the log based on the clusters. The similarity between identified clusters is also evaluated by calculating the similarity between the behavior of the process models discovered for each case notion using inductive miner based on footprints conformance checking.
Onsite and intersite electronic correlations in the Hubbard model for halide perovskites
Creators: name: Yang, Jiyuan
name: Zhu, Tianyuan
name: Liu, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halide perovskites (HPs) are widely viewed as promising photovoltaic and light-emitting materials for their suitable band gaps in the visible spectrum. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations employing (semi)local exchange-correlation functionals usually underestimate the band gaps for these systems. Accurate descriptions of the electronic structures of HPs often demand higher-order levels of theory such as the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof (HSE) hybrid density functional and GW approximations that are much more computationally expensive than standard DFT. Here, we investigate three representative types of HPs, ABX3 halide perovskites, vacancy-ordered double perovskites (VODPs), and bond disproportionated halide perovskites (BDHPs), using DFT+U+V with onsite U and intersite V Hubbard parameters computed self-consistently without a priori assumption. The inclusion of Hubbard corrections improves the band gap prediction accuracy for all three types of HPs to a similar level of advanced methods. Moreover, the self-consistent Hubbard U is a meaningful indicator of the true local charge state of multivalence metal atoms in HPs. The inclusion of the intersite Hubbard V is crucial to properly capture the hybridization between valence electrons on neighboring atoms in BDHPs that have breathing-mode distortions of halide octahedra. In particular, the simultaneous convergence of both Hubbard parameters and crystal geometry enables a band gap prediction accuracy superior to HSE for BDHPs but at a fraction of the cost. Our work highlights the importance of using self-consistent Huabbard parameters when dealing with HPs that often possess intricate competitions between onsite localization and intersite hybridization.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures
Scattering correcting wavefront shaping for three-photon microscopy
Creators: name: Rauer, Bernhard
name: de Aguiar, Hilton B.
name: Bourdieu, Laurent
name: Gigan, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-photon (3P) microscopy is getting traction due to its superior performance in deep tissues. Yet, aberrations and light scattering still pose one of the main limitations in the attainable depth ranges for high-resolution imaging. Here, we show scattering correcting wavefront shaping with a simple continuous optimization algorithm, guided by the integrated 3P fluorescence signal. We demonstrate focusing and imaging behind scattering layers and investigate convergence trajectories for different sample geometries and feedback non-linearities. Furthermore, we show imaging through a mouse skull and demonstrate a novel fast phase estimation scheme that substantially increases the speed at which the optimal correction can be found.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Energy dependence of pion in-medium effects on π^-/π^+ ratio in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Xu, Jun
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
name: Ko, Che Ming
name: Li, Bao-An
name: Ma, Yu-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of a thermal model with its parameters fitted to the results from an isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck (IBUU) transport model, we study the pion in-medium effect on the charged-pion ratio in heavy-ion collisions at various energies. We find that due to the cancellation between the effects from pion-nucleon s-wave and p-wave interactions in nuclear medium, the π^-/π^+ ratio generally decreases after including the pion in-medium effect. The effect is larger at lower collision energies as a result of narrower pion spectral functions at lower temperatures.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, minor modifications, version to appear in Physical Review C
Cosmological particle creation in Weyl geometry
Creators: name: Berezin, V. A.
name: Dokuchaev, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the possibility of the homogeneous and isotropic cosmological solution in Weyl geometry, which differs from the Riemannian geometry by adding the so called Weyl vector. The Weyl gravity is obtained by constructing the gravitational Lagrangian both to be quadratic in curvatures and conformal invariant. It is found that such solution may exist provided there exists the direct interaction between the Weyl vector and the matter fields. Assuming the matter Lagrangian is that of the perfect fluid, we found how such an interaction can be implemented. Due to the existence of quadratic curvature terms and the direct interaction the perfect fluid particles may be created straight from the vacuum, and we found the expression for the rate of their production which appeared to be conformal invariant. In the case of creating the universe ``from nothing'' in the vacuum state, we investigated the problem, whether this vacuum may persist or not. It is shown that the vacuum may persist with respect to producing the non-dust matter (with positive pressure), but cannot resist to producing the dust particles. These particles, being non-interactive, may be considered as the candidates for dark matter.
description: 18 pages
A Double-Graph Based Framework for Frame Semantic Parsing
Creators: name: Zheng, Ce
name: Chen, Xudong
name: Xu, Runxin
name: Chang, Baobao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Frame semantic parsing is a fundamental NLP task, which consists of three subtasks: frame identification, argument identification and role classification. Most previous studies tend to neglect relations between different subtasks and arguments and pay little attention to ontological frame knowledge defined in FrameNet. In this paper, we propose a Knowledge-guided Incremental semantic parser with Double-graph (KID). We first introduce Frame Knowledge Graph (FKG), a heterogeneous graph containing both frames and FEs (Frame Elements) built on the frame knowledge so that we can derive knowledge-enhanced representations for frames and FEs. Besides, we propose Frame Semantic Graph (FSG) to represent frame semantic structures extracted from the text with graph structures. In this way, we can transform frame semantic parsing into an incremental graph construction problem to strengthen interactions between subtasks and relations between arguments. Our experiments show that KID outperforms the previous state-of-the-art method by up to 1.7 F1-score on two FrameNet datasets. Our code is availavle at https://github.com/PKUnlp-icler/KID.
description: 14 pages
Additional file 1 of Model estimates of hospitalization discharge rates for norovirus gastroenteritis in Europe, 2004–2015
Creators: name: Calduch, Elsa Negro
name: Cattaert, Tom
name: Verstraeten, Thomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. Clinical coding grouping. Table S2. Registers that provided national hospital discharge statistics to the present study. Table S3. Non-included countries in Europe: data provider contacted and reason for exclusion. Table S4. Mean annual number and mean annual rate of hospital discharges for all-cause acute gastroenteritis as first-listed diagnosis in participating European countries between 2004 and 2015. Table S5. Goodness of fit. Table S6. List of Data Providers / Requirements.
Quench dynamics and scaling laws in topological nodal loop semimetals
Creators: name: Sim, Karin
name: Chitra, R.
name: Molignini, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ quench dynamics as an effective tool to probe different universality classes of topological phase transitions. Specifically, we study a model encompassing both Dirac-like and nodal loop criticalities. Examining the Kibble-Zurek scaling of topological defect density, we discover that the scaling exponent is reduced in the presence of extended nodal loop gap closures. For a quench through a multicritical point, we also unveil a path-dependent crossover between two sets of critical exponents. Bloch state tomography finally reveals additional differences in the defect trajectories for sudden quenches. While the Dirac transition permits a static trajectory under specific initial conditions, we find that the underlying nodal loop leads to complex time-dependent trajectories in general. In the presence of a nodal loop, we find, generically, a mismatch between the momentum modes where topological defects are generated and where dynamical quantum phase transitions occur. We also find notable exceptions where this correspondence breaks down completely.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; references added
The First Hard X-Ray Power Spectral Density Functions of AGN
Creators: name: Shimizu, T. Taro
name: Mushotzky, Richard F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of our Power Spectral Density (PSD) analysis of 30 AGN using the 58 month light curves from Swift's Burst Alert Telescope (BAT) in the 14-150 keV band. PSDs were fit using a Monte Carlo based algorithm to take into account windowing effects and measurement error. All but one source were found to be fit very well using an unbroken power law with a slope of ~-1, consistent at low frequencies with previous studies in the 2-10 keV band, with no evidence of a break in the PSD. For 5 of the highest S/N sources we tested the energy dependence of the PSD and found no significant difference in the PSD at different energies. Unlike previous studies of X-ray variability in AGN, we do not find any significant correlations between the hard X-ray variability and different properties of the AGN including luminosity and black hole mass. The lack of break frequencies and correlations seem to indicate that AGN are similar to the high state of Galactic Black Holes.
description: 24 pages, 18 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Cosmic acceleration and ekpyrotic bounce with Chameleon field
Creators: name: Singh, Ashutosh
name: Pradhan, Anirudh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we explore the homogeneous and isotropic flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) model in Chameleon cosmology. By considering a non-minimal coupling between the scalar field and matter, we present a non-singular bouncing cosmological scenario of the universe. The universe initially exhibits the ekpyrotic phase during the contracting era, undergoes a non-singular bounce, and then in expanding era, it smoothly transits to the decelerating era having matter and radiation dominated phases. Further, this decelerating era is smoothly connected to the late-time dark energy-dominated era of the present epoch. We use numerical solution techniques to solve non-minimally coupled gravity equations for understanding the evolution of scalar field along with other quantities like effective potential in the model. The model thus unifies an ekpyrotic, non-singular, asymmetric bounce with the dark energy era of the present epoch. We study the evolution of bouncing model and confront the model with observational results on the equation of state parameter by constraining the model parameters.
description: 11 Pages
Ultra wideband axion search using a Faraday haloscope
Creators: name: Rahman, A. T. M. Anishur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter is a major constituent of our universe and the axion is a prime candidate. In this article, it is shown that by exploiting the axion induced magnetization in a magnetic rod and the Faraday effect, axions in the mass range $500$ to $5000~μ$eV, a part of which ($> 3500~μ$eV) is currently inaccessible to experiments, can be searched for using the same experimental setup in a year using the existing technologies. The magnetic rod is placed inside a high finesse optical cavity, which by confining the probe light inside it increases the interaction time and thus enhances the Faraday effect. This rotates the plane of polarization of the probe light sufficiently and produces a robust signal. Axions of different mass are selected using a dc magnetic field. Detection is carried out by counting photons in the optical domain using a readily available and high quantum efficiency ($\approx 1$) photon counter in a noise-free environment. An optical interferometric scheme that could provide spectroscopic information about the axion to be searched is also proposed.
description: 3 figures, 5 pages
Additional file 1 of Bayesian semi-parametric spatial modelling of intimate partner violence in Namibia using 2013 Demographic Health Survey Data
Creators: name: Ojifinni, Oludoyinmola
name: Maposa, Innocent
name: Ibisomi, Latifat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Full statistical model.
Quantum entanglement entropy and classical mutual information in long-range harmonic oscillators
Creators: name: Nezhadhaghighi, M. Ghasemi
name: Rajabpour, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study different aspects of quantum von Neumann and Rényi entanglement entropy of one dimensional long-range harmonic oscillators that can be described by well-defined non-local field theories. We show that the entanglement entropy of one interval with respect to the rest changes logarithmically with the number of oscillators inside the subsystem. This is true also in the presence of different boundary conditions. We show that the coefficients of the logarithms coming from different boundary conditions can be reduced to just two different universal coefficients. We also study the effect of the mass and temperature on the entanglement entropy of the system in different situations. The universality of our results is also confirmed by changing different parameters in the coupled harmonic oscillators. We also show that more general interactions coming from general singular Toeplitz matrices can be decomposed to our long-range harmonic oscillators. Despite the long-range nature of the couplings we show that the area law is valid in two dimensions and the universal logarithmic terms appear if we consider subregions with sharp corners. Finally we study analytically different aspects of the mutual information such as its logarithmic dependence to the subsystem, effect of mass and influence of the boundary. We also generalize our results in this case to general singular Toeplitz matrices and higher dimensions.
description: 21 pages, 26 figures
Thermal diffusion of ionic species in charged nanochannels
Creators: name: Chen, Wei Qiang
name: Sedighi, Majid
name: Jivkov, Andrey P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion of ions due to temperature gradients (known as thermal diffusion) in charged nanochannels is of interest in several engineering fields, including energy recovery and environmental protection. This paper presents a fundamental investigation of the thermal diffusion of sodium chloride in charged silica nanochannels performed by molecular dynamics (MD). The results reveal the effects of nanoconfinement and surface charges on the sign and magnitude of the Soret coefficient. It is shown that the sign and magnitude of the Soret coefficient are controlled by the structural modifications of the interfacial solutions. These modifications include the ionic solvation and hydrogen bond structure induced by the nanoconfinement and surface charges. The results show that both nanoconfinement and surface charges can make the solutions more thermophilic. Furthermore, the thermal diffusion of solutions in boundary layers is significantly different from that of solutions in bulk fluid, contributing to the overall difference between the thermal diffusivity of pore fluid and that associated with bulk fluid. The findings provide further understanding of thermal diffusion in nano-porous systems. The proposed MD simulation methodology is applicable to a wider category of coupled heat and mass transfer problems in nanoscale spaces.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures