cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Radial Evolution of Interplanetary Shock Properties with Heliospheric Distance: Observations from Parker Solar Probe
Creators: name: Kruparova, Oksana
name: Szabo, Adam
name: Jian, Lan K.
name: N?Mec, František
name: Šafránková, Jana
name: N?Me?Ek, Zden?K
name: Pasanen, Jacob
name: Narock, Ayris
name: Krupar, Vratislav
Publisher: name: AAS
Year: 2025

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of 66 interplanetary shocks observed by the Parker Solar Probe between 2018 November and 2024 January. Among these, 33 events fulfilled the Rankine–Hugoniot (R-H) conditions, ensuring reliable asymptotic plasma parameter solutions. The remaining 33 events could not be confirmed by the standard R-H approach—potentially including wave-like structures—yet were analyzed via averaging and mixed-data methods to obtain robust shock parameters. Utilizing our ShOck Detection Algorithm database, the shocks are categorized into fast-forward, fast-reverse, slow-forward, and slow-reverse types. We investigate the statistical properties of these shocks, focusing on correlations between key parameters—magnetic field compression, density compression, shock normal angle, and change in velocity—and heliocentric distance. Significant positive correlations are identified between heliocentric distance and both magnetic field compression and density compression, suggesting that shocks strengthen as they propagate away from the Sun, largely due to the high local magnetosonic speeds closer to the Sun that can suppress shock formation except in extremely fast events. These findings provide new insights into the dynamic processes governing shock evolution in the inner heliosphere, including scenarios where the near-radial magnetic field geometry may lead to predominantly quasi-parallel shock configurations and thus affect near-Sun particle acceleration efficiency. We also provide strong evidence for the existence of slow-mode shocks near the Sun, contributing to the understanding of shock formation and evolution in the inner heliosphere.
The isolated neutron star X-ray pulsars RX J0420.0-5022 and RX J0806.4-4123: new X-ray and optical observations
Creators: name: Haberl, F.
name: Motch, C.
name: Zavlin, V. E.
name: Reinsch, K.
name: Gaensicke, B. T.
name: Cropper, M.
name: Schwope, A. D.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Zane, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the analysis of new X-ray data obtained with XMM-Newton and Chandra from two ROSAT-discovered X-ray dim isolated neutron stars. RX J0806.4-4123 was observed with XMM-Newton in April 2003, 2.5 years after the first observation. The EPIC-pn data confirm that this object is an X-ray pulsar with 11.371 s neutron star spin period. The X-ray spectrum is consistent with absorbed black-body emission with a temperature kT = 96 eV and NH = 4x10^19 cm^-2 without significant changes between the two observations. Four XMM-Newton observations of RX J0420.0-5022 between December 2002 and July 2003 did not confirm the 22.7 s pulsations originally indicated in ROSAT data, but clearly reveal a 3.453 s period. A fit to the X-ray spectrum using an absorbed black-body model yields kT = 45 eV, the lowest value found from the small group of XDINs and NH = 1.0x10^20 cm^-2. Including a broad absorption line improves the quality of the spectral fits considerably for both objects and may indicate the presence of absorption features similar to those reported from RBS1223, RX J1605.3+3249 and RX J0720.4-3125. For both targets we derive accurate X-ray positions from the Chandra data and present an optical counterpart candidate for RX J0420.0-5022 with B = 26.6+/-0.3 mag from VLT imaging.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: The Solar and Geomagnetic Storms in 2024 May: A Flash Data Report
Creators: name: Hayakawa, Hisashi
name: Ebihara, Yusuke
name: Mishev, Alexander
name: Koldobskiy, Sergey
name: Kusano, Kanya
name: Bechet, Sabrina
name: Yashiro, Seiji
name: Iwai, Kazumasa
name: Shinbori, Atsuki
name: Mursula, Kalevi
name: Miyake, Fusa
name: Shiota, Daikou
name: Silveira, Marcos V. D.
name: Stuart, Robert
name: Oliveira, Denny
name: Akiyama, Sachiko
name: Ohnishi, Kouji
name: Ledvina, Vincent
name: Miyoshi, Yoshizumi
Publisher: name: AAS
Year: 2025

description: In 2024 May, the scientific community observed intense solar eruptions that resulted in a great geomagnetic storm and auroral extensions, highlighting the need to document and quantify these events. This study mainly focuses on their quantification. The source active region (AR; NOAA Active Region 13664) evolved from 113 to 2761 millionths of the solar hemisphere between May 4 and 14. NOAA AR 13664’s magnetic free energy surpassed 1033 erg on May 7, triggering 12 X-class flares on May 8–15. Multiple interplanetary coronal mass ejections (ICMEs) were produced from this AR, accelerating solar energetic particles toward Earth. According to satellite and interplanetary scintillation data, at least four ICMEs erupted from AR 13664, eventually overcoming and combining each other. The shock arrival at 17:05 UT on May 10 significantly compressed the magnetosphere down to ?5.04 R E and triggered a deep Forbush Decrease. GOES satellite data and ground-based neutron monitors confirmed a ground-level enhancement from 2 UT to 10 UT on 2024 May 11. The ICMEs induced exceptional geomagnetic storms, peaking at a provisional Dst index of ?412 nT at 2 UT on May 11, marking the sixth-largest storm since 1957. The AE and AL indices showed great auroral extensions that located the AE/AL stations into the polar cap. We gathered auroral records at that time and reconstructed the equatorward boundary of the visual auroral oval to 29.°8 invariant latitude. We compared naked-eye and camera auroral visibility, providing critical caveats on their difference. We also confirmed global disturbances of the storm-enhanced density of the ionosphere.
Additional file of Analysis of common bean expressed sequence tags identifies sulfur metabolic pathways active in seed and sulfur-rich proteins highly expressed in the absence of phaseolin and major lectins
Creators: name: Fuqiang Yin
name: Pajak, Agnieszka
name: Chapman, Ralph
name: Sharpe, Andrew
name: Shangzhi Huang
name: Marsolais, Frédéric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file of Analysis of common bean expressed sequence tags identifies sulfur metabolic pathways active in seed and sulfur-rich proteins highly expressed in the absence of phaseolin and major lectins
title: Connecting energetic electrons at the Sun and in the heliosphere through X-ray and radio diagnostics
Creators: name: Paipa-Leon, David
name: Vilmer, Nicole
name: Maksimovic, Milan
name: Krupar, Vratislav
name: Vecchio, Antonio
Publisher: name: A&A
Year: 2025

description: Solar flares release huge amounts of energy, a considerable part of which is channeled into particle acceleration in the lower corona. Hard X-ray (HXR) emissions are used to diagnose the accelerated electrons that bombard the chromosphere, while type III radio bursts result from energetic electron beams propagating through the corona and into interplanetary space. The Solar Orbiter mission, launched in 2020, aims to link solar flare remote observations with heliospheric events, thus producing useful observations for our understanding of particle acceleration and propagation from the Sun to the heliosphere. While both hard X-Ray and radio emissions result from flare-accelerated electrons, their relationship is not straightforward. By comparing the evolution of the X-ray emitting sites and the timing of type III bursts, our aim is to determine the conditions for associations between X-ray flares and interplanetary (IP) type III bursts. We analyzed 15 interplanetary type III bursts that are associated with HXR bursts in the first available period for simultaneous X-ray/radio observations of type III bursts from Solar Orbiter (using the RPW and STIX instruments). X-ray imaging was performed around the onset of the type III bursts, complemented by EUI 174 A images to assess the magnetic configuration of the corona. All 15 X-ray flares originated from the same active region on the west limb as observed by Solar Orbiter. In each of the events, a change in X-ray source morphology occurred shortly (<6 minutes) before the onset of type III radio bursts, indicating a change in the electron acceleration region preceding the radio emission. Considering the delays observed between the two emissions, these findings describe complex scenarios with multiple reconnection episodes, some of which may allow accelerated electrons to escape into IP space when open magnetic field lines are involved (interchange reconnection). In some cases, X-ray source elongations toward open field lines in the UV were observed, reinforcing this idea.
Detecting a Higgs Pseudoscalar with a $Z$ Boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Kao, Chung
name: Lovelace, Geoffrey
name: Orr, Lynne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have adopted two Higgs doublet models to study the production of a Higgs pseudoscalar ($A^0$) in association with a $Z$ gauge boson from gluon fusion ($gg \to ZA^0$) at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. The prospects for the discovery of $ZA^0 \to \ell \bar{\ell} b\bar{b}$ are investigated with physics backgrounds and realistic cuts. Promising results are found for $m_A \alt 260$ GeV in two Higgs doublet models when the heavier Higgs scalar ($H^0$) can decay into a $Z$ boson and a Higgs pseudoscalar ($A^0$). Although the cross section of $gg \to ZA^0$ is usually small in the minimal supersymmetric standard model, it can be significantly enhanced in general two Higgs doublet models. This discovery channel might provide an opportunity to search for a Higgs scalar and a Higgs pseudoscalar simultaneously at the LHC and could lead to new physics beyond the Standard Model and the minimal supersymmetric model.
description: Two tables added for the ratio of signal/background
Femtosecond study of the interplay between excitons, trions, and carriers in (Cd,Mn)Te quantum wells
Creators: name: Plochocka, P.
name: Kossacki, P.
name: Maslana, W.
name: Cibert, J.
name: Tatarenko, S.
name: Radzewicz, C.
name: Gaj, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an absorption study of the neutral and positively charged exciton (trion) under the influence of a femtosecond, circularly polarized, resonant pump pulse. Three populations are involved: free holes, excitons, and trions, all exhibiting transient spin polarization. In particular, a polarization of the hole gas is created by the formation of trions. The evolution of these populations is studied, including the spin flip and trion formation processes. The contributions of several mechanisms to intensity changes are evaluated, including phase space filling and spin-dependent screening. We propose a new explanation of the oscillator strength stealing phenomena observed in p-doped quantum wells, based on the screening of neutral excitons by charge carriers. We have also found that binding heavy holes into charged excitons excludes them from the interaction with the rest of the system, so that oscillator strength stealing is partially blocked
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Hyperbolic Phonon Polariton Electroluminescence as an Electronic Cooling Pathway
Creators: name: Baudin, E.
name: Voisin, C.
name: Placais, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Engineering of cooling mechanism is of primary importance for the development of nanoelectronics. Whereas radiation cooling is rather inefficient in nowadays electronic devices, the strong anisotropy of 2D materials allows for enhanced efficiency because their hyperbolic electromagnetic dispersion near phonon resonances allows them to sustain much larger ($\sim 10^5$) number of radiating channels. In this review, we address radiation cooling in 2D materials, specifically graphene hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) heterostructures. We present the hyperbolic dispersion of electromagnetic waves due to anisotropy, and describe how the spontaneous fluctuations of current in a 2D electronic channel can radiate thermal energy in its hyperbolic surrounding medium. We show that both the regime of (i) thermal current fluctuations and (ii) out-of-equilibrium current fluctuations can be described within the framework of transmission line theory leading to (i) superPlanckian thermal emission and (ii) electroluminescent cooling. We discuss a recent experimental investigation on graphene-on-hBN transistors using electronic noise thermometry. In a high mobility semimetal like graphene at large bias, a steady-state out-of-equilibrium situation is caused by the constant Zener tunneling of electrons opening a route for electroluminescence of hyperbolic electromagnetic modes. Experiments reveal that, compared to superPlanckian thermal emission, electroluminescence cooling is particularly prominent once the Zener tunneling regime is reached: observed cooling powers are nine orders of magnitude larger than in conventional LEDs.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, review
title: EmoXpt: Analyzing Emotional Variances in Human Comments and LLM-Generated Responses
Creators: name: Pyreddy, Shireesh Reddy
name: Zaman, Tarannum Shaila
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Science - Machine Learning
subject: Computer Science - Computation and Language
subject: Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction

description: 2025 IEEE 15th Annual Computing and Communication Workshop and Conference (CCWC), 6 - 8 January 2025, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, USA.
description: The widespread adoption of generative AI has generated diverse opinions, with individuals expressing both support and criticism of its applications. This study investigates the emotional dynamics surrounding generative AI by analyzing human tweets referencing terms such as ChatGPT, OpenAI, Copilot, and LLMs. To further understand the emotional intelligence of ChatGPT, we examine its responses to selected tweets, highlighting differences in sentiment between human comments and LLM-generated responses. We introduce EmoXpt, a sentiment analysis framework designed to assess both human perspectives on generative AI and the sentiment embedded in ChatGPT's responses. Unlike prior studies that focus exclusively on human sentiment, EmoXpt uniquely evaluates the emotional expression of ChatGPT. Experimental results demonstrate that LLM-generated responses are notably more efficient, cohesive, and consistently positive than human responses.
Proton asymmetry in non-mesonic weak decay of light hypernuclei
Creators: name: Maruta, T.
name: Ajimura, S.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Banu, A.
name: Bhang, H.
name: Fukuda, T.
name: Hashimoto, O.
name: Hwang, J. I.
name: Kameoka, S.
name: Kang, B. H.
name: Kim, E. H.
name: Kim, J. H.
name: Kim, M. J.
name: Miura, Y.
name: Miyake, Y.
name: Nagae, T.
name: Nakamura, M.
name: Nakamura, S. N.
name: Noumi, H.
name: Okada, S.
name: Okayasu, Y.
name: Outa, H.
name: Park, H.
name: Saha, P. K.
name: Sato, Y.
name: Sekimoto, M.
name: Takahashi, T.
name: Tamura, H.
name: Tanida, K.
name: Toyoda, A.
name: Tsukada, K.
name: Watanabe, T.
name: Yim, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained the decay asymmetry parameters in non-mesonic weak decay of polarized Lambda-hypernuclei by measuring the proton asymmetry. The polarized Lambda-hypernuclei, 5_Lambda-He, 12_Lambda-C, and 11_Lambda-B, were produced in high statistics via the (pi^+,k^+) reaction at 1.05 GeV/c in the forward angles. Preliminary analysis shows that the decay asymmetry parameters are very small for these s-shell and p-shell hypernuclei.
description: 4pages, 4figures, International Conference on Hypernuclear and Strange Particle Physics (HYP2003)
title: Topology-Driven Attribute Recovery for Attribute Missing Graph Learning in Social Internet of Things
Creators: name: Li, Mengran
name: Chen, Junzhou
name: Yu, Chenyun
name: Jiang, Guanying
name: Zhang, Ronghui
name: Shen, Yanming
name: Song, Houbing
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
subject: UMBC Security and Optimization for Networked Globe Laboratory (SONG Lab)

description: With the advancement of information technology, the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) has fostered the integration of physical devices and social networks, deepening the study of complex interaction patterns. Text Attribute Graphs (TAGs) capture both topological structures and semantic attributes, enhancing the analysis of complex interactions within the SIoT. However, existing graph learning methods are typically designed for complete attributed graphs, and the common issue of missing attributes in Attribute Missing Graphs (AMGs) increases the difficulty of analysis tasks. To address this, we propose the Topology-Driven Attribute Recovery (TDAR) framework, which leverages topological data for AMG learning. TDAR introduces an improved pre-filling method for initial attribute recovery using native graph topology. Additionally, it dynamically adjusts propagation weights and incorporates homogeneity strategies within the embedding space to suit AMGs' unique topological structures, effectively reducing noise during information propagation. Extensive experiments on public datasets demonstrate that TDAR significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods in attribute reconstruction and downstream tasks, offering a robust solution to the challenges posed by AMGs. The code is available at https://github.com/limengran98/TDAR.
Quantifying EoR delay spectrum contamination from diffuse radio emission
Creators: name: Lanman, Adam E.
name: Pober, Jonathan C.
name: Kern, Nicholas S.
name: Acedo, Eloy de Lera
name: DeBoer, David R.
name: Fagnoni, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 21 cm hyperfine transition of neutral hydrogen offers a promising probe of the large scale structure of the universe before and during the Epoch of Reionization, when the first ionizing sources formed. Bright radio emission from foreground sources remains the biggest obstacle to detecting the faint 21 cm signal. However, the expected smoothness of foreground power leaves a clean window in Fourier space where the EoR signal can potentially be seen over thermal noise. Though the boundary of this window is well-defined in principle, spectral structure in foreground sources, instrumental chromaticity, and choice of spectral weighting in analysis all affect how much foreground power spills over into the EoR window. In this paper, we run a suite of numerical simulations of wide-field visibility measurements, with a variety of diffuse foreground models and instrument configurations, and measure the extent of contaminated Fourier modes in the EoR window using a delay-transform approach to estimating power spectra. We also test these effects with a model of the HERA antenna beam generated from electromagnetic simulations, to take into account further chromatic effects in the real instrument. We find that foreground power spillover is dominated by the so-called "pitchfork effect", in which diffuse foreground power is brightened near the horizon due to the shortening of baselines. As a result, the extent of contaminated modes in the EoR window is largely constant over time, except when the galaxy is near the pointing center.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Additional file 1 of Genomic characterization of bacteria from the ultra-oligotrophic Madison aquifer: insight into the archetypical LuxI/LuxR and identification of novel LuxR solos
Creators: name: Wengert, Peter C.
name: Wong, Narayan H.
name: Barton, Hazel A.
name: Gan, Han Ming
name: Hudson, André O.
name: Savka, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Detection and analysis of LuxI synthases. (A) 10kbp genetic region surrounding identified luxR homologs (red) having corresponding LuxI homologs (blue) in SD129 and SD340. (B) Interproscan output of a successfully validated luxI homolog. Each accession number corresponds to a detected protein domain. (C) Alignment of putative LuxI homologs with canonical LuxI homologs using clustalOmega. Residues highlighted in yellow are invariant sites in validated LuxI-type autoinducer synthases (Fuqua and Greenberg, 2002). Residues are numbered based on the sequence of TraI.
title: DoubleDistillation: Enhancing LLMs for Informal Text Analysis using Multistage Knowledge Distillation from Speech and Text
Creators: name: Hasan, Fatema
name: Li, Yulong
name: Foulds, James
name: Pan, Shimei
name: Bhattacharjee, Bishwaranjan
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2024

description: ICMI '24: INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION, San Jose Costa Rica, November 4 - 8, 2024
description: Traditional large language models (LLMs) leverage extensive text corpora but lack access to acoustic and para-linguistic cues present in speech. There is a growing interest in enhancing text-based models with audio information. However, current models often require an aligned audio-text dataset which is frequently much smaller than typical language model training corpora. Moreover, these models often require both text and audio streams during inference/testing. In this study, we introduce a novel two-stage knowledge distillation (KD) approach that enables language models to (a) incorporate rich acoustic and paralinguistic information from speech, (b) utilize text corpora comparable in size to typical language model training data, and (c) support text-only analysis without requiring an audio stream during inference/testing. Specifically, we employ a pre-trained speech embedding teacher model (OpenAI Whisper) to train a Teacher Assistant (TA) model on an aligned audio-text dataset in the first stage. In the second stage, the TA’s knowledge is transferred to a student language model trained on a conventional text dataset. Thus, our two-stage KD method leverages both the acoustic and paralinguistic cues in the aligned audio-text data and the nuanced linguistic knowledge in a large text-only dataset. Based on our evaluation, this DoubleDistillation system consistently outperforms traditional LLMs in 15 informal text understanding tasks.
Gravity and Matter in Extra Dimensions
Creators: name: Macesanu, C.
name: Mitov, A.
name: Nandi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we derive from the viewpoint of the effective 4D theory the interaction terms between linearized gravity propagating in N>= 2 large extra dimensions and matter propagating into one extra dimension. This generalizes known results for the interactions between gravity and 4D matter in ADD-type models. Although we assume that matter is described by an Universal Extra Dimensions (UED) scenario (with all fields propagating into the fifth dimension), we present our results in a general form that can be easily adapted to various other scenarios of matter distribution. We then apply our results to the UED model on a fat brane and consider some phenomenological applications. Among these are the computation of the gravitational decay widths of the matter KK excitations and the effect the width of the brane has on the interactions of gravity with Standard Model particles. We also estimate the cross-section for producing single KK excitations at colliders through KK number-violating gravitational interaction.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, Latex
Additional file 2 of Genomic characterization of bacteria from the ultra-oligotrophic Madison aquifer: insight into the archetypical LuxI/LuxR and identification of novel LuxR solos
Creators: name: Wengert, Peter C.
name: Wong, Narayan H.
name: Barton, Hazel A.
name: Gan, Han Ming
name: Hudson, André O.
name: Savka, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Interproscan output of a successfully validated luxR homolog. Each accession number corresponds to a detected protein domain.
Additional file 3 of Genomic characterization of bacteria from the ultra-oligotrophic Madison aquifer: insight into the archetypical LuxI/LuxR and identification of novel LuxR solos
Creators: name: Wengert, Peter C.
name: Wong, Narayan H.
name: Barton, Hazel A.
name: Gan, Han Ming
name: Hudson, André O.
name: Savka, Michael A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Genomic analyses of eight Ochrobactrum pseudogrignonense strains. Analysis of strains available on NCBI and comparison to SD129 and SD316 reveal a commonality in the presence of luxR and luxI genes1.
title: The timing and spectral properties of the 2022 outburst of SGR J1935+2154 observed with NICER
Creators: name: Yu-Cong, Fu
name: Lin, Lin
name: Ming-Yu, Ge
name: Teruaki, Enoto
name: Chin-Ping, Hu
name: George, Younes
name: Ersin, Gö?ü?
name: Christian, Malacaria
Publisher: name: APJ
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

description: The magnetar SGR J1935+2154 entered a new active episode on October 10, 2022, with X-ray bursts and enhanced persistent emission. At the tail of high burst rate interval, lasting several hours, radio bursts were detected, revealing the connection between the X-ray activities and radio emissions. We analyzed observations of SGR J1935+2154 for nearly three months, using data from Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER). We report the timing and spectral results following the onset of this outburst. In general, the X-ray flux of the persistent emission decays exponentially. While a flare is evident on the light curve, a fast radio burst (FRB) was detected immediately following the peak of this flare. We found a phase jump of pulse profile, with a deviation of $0.16\pm0.03$ phase, which is related to the glitch. The spectra are well fit with the combination of a blackbody and a power law model. The decay of the outburst is dominated by the drop of the non-thermal component, which also leads to the increase of thermal proportion. The photon index of the power law is inversely correlated with both the unabsorbed flux and the burst rate. We find that unlike the large variety of the persistent emission around FRB 221014, the X-ray properties are very stable when FRBs 221021 and 221201 happened. These results manifest the connection between glitch, phase jump, X-ray burst, and radio burst, crucial for studying the mutation in twisted magnetic fields and constraining the trigger mechanism of radio bursts.
Simulation of Higher-Order Topological Phases and Related Topological Phase Transitions in a Superconducting Qubit
Creators: name: Niu, Jingjing
name: Yan, Tongxing
name: Zhou, Yuxuan
name: Tao, Ziyu
name: Li, Xiaole
name: Liu, Weiyang
name: Zhang, Libo
name: Liu, Song
name: Yan, Zhongbo
name: Chen, Yuanzhen
name: Yu, Dapeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order topological phases give rise to new bulk and boundary physics, as well as new classes of topological phase transitions. While the realization of higher-order topological phases has been confirmed in many platforms by detecting the existence of gapless boundary modes, a direct determination of the higher-order topology and related topological phase transitions through the bulk in experiments has still been lacking. To bridge the gap, in this work we carry out the simulation of a two-dimensional second-order topological phase in a superconducting qubit. Owing to the great flexibility and controllability of the quantum simulator, we observe the realization of higher-order topology directly through the measurement of the pseudo-spin texture in momentum space of the bulk for the first time, in sharp contrast to previous experiments based on the detection of gapless boundary modes in real space. Also through the measurement of the evolution of pseudo-spin texture with parameters, we further observe novel topological phase transitions from the second-order topological phase to the trivial phase, as well as to the first-order topological phase with nonzero Chern number. Our work sheds new light on the study of higher-order topological phases and topological phase transitions.
description: 8+8 pages; 4+7 figures
title: Signal Processing of Images for Convective Boundary Layer Height Estimation from Radar (SPICER) and multi-instrument verification
Creators: name: Porta, Delia Tatiana Della
name: Demoz, Belay
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: nationwide coverage
subject: CBLH
subject: SNR SPICER
subject: WSR-88D
subject: ceilometer
subject: Convective Boundary Layer hHeight estimation
subject: PBL
subject: QVDs
subject: filtering
subject: CBL
subject: PBLH
subject: Planetary Boundary Layer
subject: Atmospheric measurements
subject: Pollution measurement
subject: wind profiler
subject: Laser radar
subject: Canny edge detection
subject: NEXRAD
subject: Raman Lidar
subject: multi-instrument CBL
subject: MLH
subject: Lidar
subject: differential reflectivity
subject: Instruments
subject: ARM VAP
subject: Estimation
subject: Bragg scattering
subject: Signal processing algorithms
subject: mixing layer height
subject: Radiosondes
subject: Measurement by laser beam
subject: Extraterrestrial measurements
subject: Meteorology
subject: Reflectivity

description: The study of the planetary boundary layer (PBL) is one of the main topics of the atmospheric community. The current study presents a new algorithm for PBL height determination using a publicly available but unexplored data source, the Weather Service Radar (WSR-88D). The diurnal evolution of the PBL is also known as Convective Boundary Layer (CBL), key in the study of convection and precipitation. This paper presents the Signal Processing of Images for Convective Boundary Layer Height Estimation (SPICER) algorithm that can automatically detect the CBL Height (CBLH) for all of the 159 radar locations across the United States during clear days. The present work is the first step to applying SPICER to a network of Next Generation Radars (NEXRAD) with continuous countrywide coverage. With the possible combination with the Automated Surface Observing System network (ASOS), a source of ceilometer profile data, a validated dataset of CBLH estimates can be expected soon. The algorithm treats averaged differential reflectivity vs range as an image and applies filtering plus Canny edge detection to estimate the CBLH. In addition, another algorithm is presented to automate the detection of the mixing layer height (MLH), a proxy for CBLH from Raman Lidar and a 915 MHz wind profiler. A comparison of CBLH estimates vs widely used methods in meteorology (Radiosondes, Raman Lidar, ceilometer, 915 MHz wind profiler, and Doppler Lidar-based derived Value-Added Product (VAP) ) is performed to validate the NEXRAD detected CBLH using SPICER. The SPICER algorithm shows over 0.9 correlation with radiosonde measurements.
Local and global patterns in quasiparticle interference: a reduced response function approach
Creators: name: Zhang, Dan-Bo
name: Han, Qiang
name: Wang, Z. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physical system exposes to us in a real space, while its description often refers to its reciprocal momentum space. A connection between them can be established by exploring patterns of quasiparticles interference (QPI), which is experimentally accessible by Fourier transformation of the scanning tunneling spectroscopy (FT-STS). We here investigate how local and global features of QPI patterns are related to the geometry and topology of electronic structure in the considered physical system. A reduced response function (RRF) approach is developed that can analyze QPI patterns with clear physical pictures. It is justified that the generalized joint density of states, which is the imaginary part of RRF, for studying QPI. Moreover, we reveal that global patterns of QPI may be indicators of topological numbers for gapless systems, and demonstrate that robustness of such indicators against distractive local features of QPI for topological materials with complicated band structures.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
title: Adaptive Numerical Differentiation for Extremum Seeking with Sensor Noise
Creators: name: Verma, Shashank
name: Salazar, Juan Augusto Paredes
name: Delgado, Jhon Manuel Portella
name: Goel, Ankit
name: Bernstein, Dennis S.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: UMBC Estimation, Control, and Learning Laboratory (ECLL).
subject: Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control
subject: Computer Science - Systems and Control

description: Extremum-seeking control (ESC) is widely used to optimize performance when the system dynamics are uncertain. However, sensitivity to sensor noise is an important issue in ESC implementation due to the use of high-pass filters or gradient estimators. To reduce the sensitivity of ESC to noise, this paper investigates the use of adaptive input and state estimation (AISE) for numerical differentiation. In particular, this paper develops extremum-seeking control with adaptive input and state estimation (ESC/AISE), where the high-pass filter of ESC is replaced by AISE to improve performance under sensor noise. The effectiveness of ESC/AISE is illustrated via numerical examples.
Confining strings in representations with common $n$-ality
Creators: name: Del Debbio, Luigi
name: Panagopoulos, Haralambos
name: Vicari, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spectrum of confining strings in SU(3) pure gauge theory, by means of lattice Monte Carlo simulations, using torelon operators in different representations of the gauge group. Our results provide direct evidence that the string spectrum is according to predictions based on $n$-ality. Torelon correlations in the rank-2 symmetric channel appear to be well reproduced by a two-exponential picture, in which the lowest state is given by the fundamental string $σ_1=σ$, the heavier string state is such that the ratio $σ_2/σ_1$ is approximately given by the Casimir ratio $C_{\rm sym}/C_{\rm f} = 5/2$, and the torelon has a much smaller overlap with the lighter fundamental string state.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
The (2,0) supersymmetric theory of tensor multiplets and self-dual strings in six dimensions
Creators: name: Arvidsson, Par
name: Flink, Erik
name: Henningson, Mans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a unique (2,0) supersymmetric action in six dimensions, describing a tensor multiplet interacting with a self-dual string. It is a sum of four terms: A free kinetic term for the tensor multiplet fields integrated over Minkowski space, a Nambu-Goto type kinetic term for the string integrated over the string world-sheet, a Wess-Zumino type electromagnetic coupling integrated over the world-volume of a Dirac membrane attached to the string, and a direct interaction of such Dirac membranes. In addition to supersymmetry, the action is also invariant under a local symmetry, which allows us to choose the Dirac membrane world-volume freely and eliminate half of the fermionic degrees of freedom on the string world-sheet.
description: 16 pages, LaTeX
title: Learning-Based Thrust Regulation of Solid-Fuel Ramjet in Flight Conditions
Creators: name: Oveissi, Parham
name: Dorsey, Alex
name: McBeth, Joshua
name: Hanquist, Kyle M.
name: Goel, Ankit
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: UMBC Estimation, Control, and Learning Laboratory (ECLL).

description: This paper investigates the performance of a learning-based control system for regulating the thrust generated by a solid fuel ramjet engine in realistic flight scenarios. An integrated simulation framework is developed that combines a longitudinal missile dynamics model, a missile autopilot, a quasi-static engine dynamics model, and a learning controller for thrust regulation. The missile autopilot is based on the classical three-loop topology. The learning controller is an adaptive PID controller whose gains are recursively optimized using the retrospective cost adaptive control algorithm. First, harmonic acceleration commands are used to simulate variable flight conditions that affect the thrust generated by the engine model. Next, an interception scenario is simulated by integrating a guidance law in the loop. Numerical results indicate that the learning controller can regulate the generated thrust despite wide variations in operating conditions.
Band structure of strained Ge$_{1-x}$Sn$_x$ alloy: a full-zone 30-band $k\cdot p$ model
Creators: name: Song, Zhigang
name: Fan, Weijun
name: Tan, Chuan Seng
name: Wang, Qijie
name: Nam, Donguk
name: Zhang, Dao Hua
name: Sun, Greg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the previous 30-band $k$$\cdot$$p$ model effectively employed for relaxed Ge$_{1-x}$Sn$_{x}$ alloy to the case of strained Ge$_{1-x}$Sn$_{x}$ alloy. The strain-relevant parameters for the 30-band $k$$\cdot$$p$ model are obtained by using linear interpolation between the values of single crystal of Ge and Sn that are from literatures and optimizations. We specially investigate the dependence of band-gap at $L$-valley and $Γ$-valley with different Sn composition under uniaxial and biaxial strain along [100], [110] and [111] directions. The good agreement between our theoretical predictions and experimental data validates the effectiveness of our model. Our 30-band $k$$\cdot$$p$ model and relevant input parameters successfully applied to relaxed and strained Ge$_{1-x}$Sn$_{x}$ alloy offers a powerful tool for the optimization of sophisticated devices made from such alloy.
description: 8-pages, 6 figures
Additional file of Using RNA-Seq for gene identification, polymorphism detection and transcript profiling in two alfalfa genotypes with divergent cell wall composition in stems
Creators: name: S Samuel Yang
name: Tu, Zheng Jin
name: Foo Cheung
name: Xu, Wayne Wenzhong
name: Lamb, JoAnn FS
name: Hans-Joachim G Jung
name: Vance, Carroll P
name: Gronwald, John W
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file of Using RNA-Seq for gene identification, polymorphism detection and transcript profiling in two alfalfa genotypes with divergent cell wall composition in stems
Two-index model for characterizing site-specific night sky brightness patterns
Creators: name: Kocifaj, Miroslav
name: Bará, Salvador
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the all-sky radiance distribution produced by artificial light sources is a computationally demanding task that generally requires an intensive calculation load. We develop in this work an analytic formulation that provides the all-sky radiance distribution produced by an artificial light source as an explicit and analytic function of the observation direction, depending on two single parameters that characterize the overall effects of the atmosphere. One of these parameters is related to the effective attenuation of the light beams, whereas the other accounts for the overall asymmetry of the combined scattering processes in molecules and aerosols. By means of this formulation a wide range of all-sky radiance distributions can be efficiently and accurately calculated in a short time. This substantial reduction in the number of required parameters, in comparison with other currently used approaches, is expected to facilitate the development of new applications in the field of light pollution research.
description: Author formatted text of the accepted version of the paper published in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (2019). ArXiv id added
Rapid determination of experimental sorption isotherms from non-equilibrium sorption kinetic data
Creators: name: Bezrukov, Andrey
name: O'Hearn, Daniel
name: Gascon Perez, Victoria
name: Matos, Catiúcia
name: Koupepidou, Kyriaki
name: Darwish, Shaza
name: Sanda, Suresh
name: Kumar, Naveen
name: Li, Xia
name: Shivanna, Mohana
name: Zaworotko, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Herein, we report a new method for rapid determination of experimental sorption isotherms that exploits gravimetric non-equilibrium sorption kinetics data in a thin sorbent bed. In comparison with equilibrium-based isotherm determination methods, this sorption kinetics isotherm determination (SKID) method needs only two equilibrium points, P/P0min and P/P0max. SKID requires up to an order of magnitude less data collection time than conventional methods and is suitable for high-throughput sorbent discovery and evaluation. SKID was validated by testing a library comprising 30 sorbents, including rigid and flexible metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), inorganics (zeolites), and organics (microcrystalline cellulose). Average data collection time for water vapor was 3.1 vs. 23 h for dynamic vapor sorption experiments. SKID was also demonstrated for other vapors (C8 aromatics) and a gas (CO2), making it a promising tool for rapid screening of new or existing sorbents for applications such as water harvesting and dehumidification and carbon capture.
Calculation of reduced coefficients and matrix elements in jj-coupling
Creators: name: Gaigalas, G.
name: Fritzsche, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A program RCFP will be presented for calculating standard quantities in the decomposition of many-electron matrix elements in atomic structure theory. The list of quantities wich are supported by the present program includes the coefficients of fractional parentage, the reduced coefficients of fractional parentage, the reduced matrix elements of the unit operator T^{(k)} as well as the completely reduced matrix elements of the operator W^{(k_jk_q)} in jj-coupling. These quantities are now available for all subshells (nj) with j \leq 9/2 including partially filled 9/2-shells. Our program is based on a recently developed new approach on the spin-angular integration which combines second quantization and quasispin methods with the theory of angular momentum in order to obtain a more efficient evaluation of many-electron matrix elements. An underlying Fortran 90/95 module can directly be used also in (other) atomic structure codes to accelerate the computation for open-shell atoms and ions.
Evolution of ATLAS analysis workflows and tools for the HL-LHC era
Creators: name: Cameron, David
name: Forti, Alessandra
name: Klimentov, Alexei
name: Pacheco Pages, Andrés
name: South, David
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 530
subject: activity report
subject: ATLAS
subject: data management
subject: computer: network
subject: performance

description: 25th International Conference on Computing in High-Energy and Nuclear Physics, vCHEP2021, Online, France, 17 May 2021 - 21 May 2021; The European physical journal / Web of Conferences 251, 02002 - (2021). doi:10.1051/epjconf/202125102002
description: The High Luminosity LHC project at CERN, which is expected to deliver a ten-fold increase in the luminosity of proton-proton collisions over LHC, will start operation towards the end of this decade and will deliver an unprecedented scientific data volume of multi-exabyte scale. This vast amount of data has to be processed and analysed, and the corresponding computing facilities must ensure fast and reliable data processing for physics analyses by scientific groups distributed all over the world. The present LHC computing model will not be able to provide the required infrastructure growth, even taking into account the expected evolution in hardware technology. To address this challenge, several novel methods of how end-users analysis will be conducted are under evaluation by the ATLAS Collaboration. State-of-the-art workflow management technologies and tools to handle these methods within the existing distributed computing system are now being evaluated and developed. In addition the evolution of computing facilities and how this impacts ATLAS analysis workflows is being closely followed.
description: Published by EDP Sciences, Les Ulis
title: Adaptive Combustion Regulation in High-Fidelity Computational Model of Solid Fuel Ramjet
Creators: name: Oveissi, Parham
name: Dorsey, Alex
name: Khokhar, Gohar T.
name: Hanquist, Kyle M.
name: Goel, Ankit
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: UMBC Estimation, Control, and Learning Laboratory (ECLL).

description: AIAA SCITECH 2025, 6-10 January 2025, Orlando, FL
description: Controlling the combustion process under hypersonic conditions remains a significant challenge. This paper uses a data-driven, learning-based control technique to regulate the combustion process within a solid fuel ramjet, aiming to regulate the generated thrust under uncertain operating conditions. A high-fidelity computational model combining compressible flow theory with equilibrium chemistry is developed to simulate combustion dynamics. This model evaluates the stability of the combustion dynamics and defines the engine’s operational envelope. An online learning controller based on retrospective cost optimization is integrated with the computational model to regulate the thrust. Numerical simulations indicate that the learning control system can regulate the thrust generated by an SFRJ without requiring any modeling information.
Eficiencia Tecnica e de Escala de Cooperativas de Laticinios
Creators: name: Tupy, Oscar
name: Vieira, Manuel Carmo
name: Do Valle, Leonardo Etore
name: Tupy, Oscar
name: Vieira, Manuel Carmo
name: Do Valle, Leonardo Etore
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: A análise de eficiência de cooperativas de laticínios é vista como de grande importância por gestores, cooperados, organizações de cooperativas e governo, uma vez que, a eficiência como medida de desempenho fornece elementos que podem ampliar o poder de tomada de decisão das cooperativas, orientando-as com relação à utilização eficiente do capital e do trabalho e também com relação às suas estratégias de mercado. Assim, o presente trabalho avaliou a eficiência técnica e de escala de 66 cooperativas de laticínios pertencentes aos estados de Minas Gerais e São Paulo. A média de eficiência técnica das cooperativas foi de 0,623, ou 62,3%, indicando que os recursos empregados ineficientemente (ativos e mão-de-obra) geraram custos de produção devido à ineficiência técnica 60,51% mais elevados do que o necessário. A média de eficiência de escala foi igual a 0,896 ou 89,6%, indicando que as cooperativas da amostra podem reduzir o seu custo em 11,61%, se adotarem tamanho de escala mais produtivo.