Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata Cipola & Morais & Bellini 2022, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Cipola, Nikolas Gioia
name: Morais, José Wellington De
name: Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Collembola
Entomobryomorpha
Paronellidae
Trogolaphysa
Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata

description: Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov. Cipola
Figs 7, 27–31, Table 2
Diagnosis. Body with blue pigments on all head (except for the dorsal side), lateral borders of Th II–III to coxae, Abd III with one transversal band, Abd IV with one central wings-shaped spot, and femur III anteriorly (Fig. 27); Ant IV weakly annulated; Ant III with 3 dorsal elongated sens and 1 ventral mac (Fig. 28C). Ant II with 3 dorsal and 4 ventral mac, without elongated sens (Figs 28C). Ant I devoid of dorsal mac; head mac A0, A2, M4, S3 and Pa5 present (M4 eventually as mic) (Fig. 28E); prelabral chaetae ciliate; labral papillae with 2 conical projections; labial papilla E with l.p. acuminate and surpassing the base of a.a. (Fig. 28D); basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M1–2, E and L1–2 ciliate, r reduced; postlabial X chaeta present (Fig. 28F); Th II–Abd IV with 1+3, 0 | 0, 1+1, 1+3 and 4+14 mac, respectively; Abd IV with 7 sens (Fig. 29); femur I–II with 3 inner mac (Fig. 30E) and femur III with an inner row of 5 unmodified mac; unguis I–III b.t. abruptly pointed and larger than m.t., b.t. and m.t. far apart, a.t. present; unguiculus I–III lamellae smooth and acuminate, except ai truncate (Fig. 30F); mucro with 5 teeth, il tooth with 1–2 denticles (Fig. 31E).
Description. Total length (head + trunk) of the specimens 1.15–1.41 (n=4), holotype 1.15 mm. Specimens yellowish with blue pigments on distal half of Ant III to IV, all head (except for the dorsal side), borders of Th II–III to coxa II, Abd III with one transversal band, wider on the borders, Abd IV with one central wings-shaped spot, and anterior side of the femur III; eyepatches black (Fig. 27). Scales present on Ant I to proximal half of Ant II, Ant III without scales.
Head. Antennae shorter than the trunk length (Fig. 27); ratio antennae: trunk = 1: 1.46–1.73 (n=4), holotype 1: 1.57; antennal segments ratio as I: II: III: IV = 1: 1.30–1.63: 1.38–1.66: 2.08–2.91, holotype 1: 1.63: 1.66: 2.91. Ant IV weakly annulated on its distal two thirds, with at least 3 sens types, 1 subapical thicker and conical, 1 elongated and thin, and numerous pointed, no apical bulb or subapical organite (Fig. 28A). Ant III organ with 2 elongated finger-shaped sens, at least 6 sens acuminate, 1 elongated thin sens and ciliated chaetae (Fig. 28B); dorsally with 3 elongated thin sens and ventrally with 1 mac (Fig. 28C). Ant II with 3 dorsal and 4 ventral mac, no elongated thin sens (Fig. 28C). Ant I devoid of dorsal mac but with 3 smooth mic at base. Prelabral chaetae ciliate; labral a1 chaeta not thicker, a and m chaetae subequals in length, p0–2 longer; labral papillae with 2 conical projections (as Fig. 22D). Eyes A–F subequal, eyes G and H much smaller; 4–5 ‘IO’ chaetae; head dorsal macrochaetotaxy with 10 ‘An’ (An1a–3), 2 ‘A’ (A0, A2), 1 ‘M’ (M4, also as mic), 1 ‘S’ (S3), and 1 ‘Pa’ (Pa5) mac (Fig. 28E). Labial papilla E with l.p. acuminate and surpassing the base of a.a. (Fig. 27D); papilla H with 2 hypostomal appendix smooth and acuminate. Maxillary palp with b.c. 0.88 smaller than t.a. Basolateral and basomedian labial fields with chaetae M1–2, E and L1–2 ciliate, r reduced on a club-shaped basis (Fig. 3E). Head ventrally with about 21 chaetae, 14 acuminate and finely ciliate and 7 smaller and ciliate; postlabial formula with 4 (G1–4), 1 (X) 4 (H1–4), 3 (J1–3) chaetae; proximal region of cephalic groove with 2 elongated acuminate chaetae, plus 4 chaetae on a transversal row respectively near to b.c. (Fig. 28F).
Thorax dorsal chaetotaxy (Fig. 29A). Th II a and p series with 1 (a5) and 3 (p3 complex, 1 smaller) mac, respectively; m series with 3 mic (m1–2, m4). Th III a, m and p series with 1 (a2), 1 (m6) and 4 (p1–3, p6) mic, respectively, except for m6 as mac. Ratio Th II: III = 1.19–1.02: 1 (n= 4), holotype 1.09: 1.
Abdomen dorsal chaetotaxy (Figs 29B–C). Abd I a, m and p series with 1 (a2), 4 (m2–4, m6) and 0 mic, respectively; a6 mic absent.Abd II a, m and p series with 2 (a2–3), 4 (m3, m5–7) and 2 (p6–7) chaetae, respectively, m3 and m5 as mac, and 1 posterior scale-like chaeta present. Abd III a, m and p series with 5 (a2–3, a6–8), 6 (m3, am6, pm6, m7–8) and 4 (p6–8) chaetae, respectively; m3, am6, pm6 and p6 as mac; m2 bothriotrichum with 2 accessory chaetae, and a5 and m5 bothriotricha with 10 accessory chaetae between them. Abd IV with 4 medial mac on series A–C (A3, A5, B5–6) and 14 lateral mac on series T–Fe (T7, Te4, D3, E2–4, F3, Fe2–3 and 5 of unclear homologies); about 7 sens (as and ps type I, and 5 medial type II), and 10 posterior mes present. Abd V a, m and p series with 2 (a5–6), 4 (m2–3, m5–5a) and 4 (p1, p3–5) mac, respectively. Ratio Abd III: IV = 1: 4.38–6.59 (n= 4), holotype 1: 6.59.
Legs. Subcoxa I with one row of 2 chaetae; subcoxa II with an anterior row of 9 chaetae and about 11 anterior chaetae; posterior row of 8 chaetae and 2 psp; subcoxa III with one row of 10 chaetae and about 13 anterior chaetae of different sizes (Figs 30A–C). Trochanteral organ with about 21 spine-like chaetae (Fig. 30D). Femur I–III with one outer longitudinal row of 2, 1–2, 1, 1 mac finely ciliate and normal (Fig. 30E); femur I–II internally with 3 chaetae finely ciliate, 1 anterior apically acuminate 2 inner normal (Fig. 30E); femur III with an inner row of 5 unmodified mac ciliate and acuminate and 1 proximal elongated chaeta apically acuminate; anterior side with an 1 proximal elongated chaetae apically acuminate (as in Fig. 11F). Tibiotarsus I–III with all chaetae similar, except for 1 proximal anterior mac finely ciliate; tibiotarsal smooth chaeta 0.86 smaller than the unguiculus, tenent hair 0.76 smaller than the unguis outer edge. Unguis I–III with 4 inner teeth, b.t. abruptly pointed, subequals, larger than the other teeth and on proximal ¼ of the unguis, m.t. on proximal half, a.t. minute and on distal ¼. Unguiculus I–III with all lamellae smooth and acuminate, except ai truncate (Fig. 30F); ratio unguis: unguiculus = 1: 0.59.
Collophore (Fig. 31A). Anterior side with about 12–13 ciliate chaetae, 3 proximal elongated chaetae, 6 thin chaetae of different sizes widely distributed on tube and 3–4 distal chaetae (2–4 mac); posterior side with about 16 ciliate chaetae (3 unpaired), 1 larger unpaired median mac, proximal half with 6 elongated chaetae and distal half with 7 mes (2 unpaired) subequal in length, distally 3 ciliate chaetae, no smooth chaetae; lateral flap with about 10 chaetae, 5 smooth and 5 ciliate.
Furcula. Manubrium laterally with one row of 4–6 spine-like mac ciliated (holotype with 5) (as Fig. 25B); ventrally with 4 subapical and 5 elongated scales, internally with 2 ciliate chaetae, the outer larger (Fig. 31C); manubrial plate dorsally with 4–5 ciliated chaetae (2 inner larger than the internal ones) and 3 psp, inner chaeta present or absent (as in Fig. 25D). Dens dorsally with an inner row of 21–27 spines subtly ciliated (holotype with 24 and 27) and an outer row of 15–18 spine-like mac ciliated (holotype with 15 and 16) (Fig. 31D). Mucro twice as long (sometimes square) as its width and with 5 teeth, 4 (ap, v1, v2, v3) in one dorsal row and 1 (il) on the inner side along with 1–2 minute denticles (Figs 31E).
Etymology. Refers to the number of main mucronal teeth (from Latin: quinque ––five, and dent ––tooth) present in the new species (Fig. 31E).
Type material. Holotype female in slide (INPA-CLL000130): Brazil, Amazonas, Manaus municipality, INPA, campus I, “Bosque da Ciência”, 03°05’54”S, 59°59’09”W (Fig. 7), 85 m., i.1991 – xii.1994, pitfall-trap, C Martius coll. 17 paratypes: 1 male and 4 females on slides and 1 specimen in alcohol (INPA-CLL000131–36), plus 1 male and 1 female on slides (CC / UFRN), same date as holotype; 1 male and 3 females on slides and 3 specimens in alcohol (INPA-CLL000137-42): “Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental”, in cultivation of conventional Guarana, 02°53’42.18”S, 59°59’10.58”W, 97 m., 10.xi.2012, Moerick, K Schoeninger coll. 1 juvenile on slide (INPA-CLL000143): Reserva Ducke, L 8-2500, 02°59’11.32”S, 59°56’14,69”W, 73 m., Berlese-Tullgren funnel of soil 5 cm, xi.2011, FGL Oliveira & JW Morais coll; 1 specimen in alcohol (INPA-CLL000144): ditto, except L4-3500, 02°56’58”S, 59°56’03”W, 122 m.
Other examined material. 2 females on slide and 3 specimens in alcohol (INPA): Brazil, Amazonas, Novo Airão municipality, “ Mato Grosso ” stream, 02°49’00”S, 60°55’08”W (Fig. 7), 35 m., 29–31.iii.2013, yellow plate trap, JT Câmara & AC Maldaner coll. 1 male and 1 female on slides (INPA): Rondônia, Porto Velho municipality, Ecological Station of “Cuniã” (ESEC) near to road BR-319, 08°11’27.3”S, 63°45’59.1”W, 78 m., 19-20.vi.2013, pitfall-trap, MC Ramos coll.
Remarks. The body spoted color pattern of T. quinquedentomucronata sp. nov. resembles that of T. ocellata Soto-Adames, 2015 from Mexico (see Soto-Adames, 2015: 11), but the new species is more similar to T. bessoni (Thibaud & Najt 1988) and T. cotopaxiana (Thibaud & Najt 1988) by the presence of 5 main mucronal teeth, or even to T. sauron Soto-Adames, Jordana & Baquero, 2014 by prelabral chaetae ciliate, labral papillae present, Th II with 3 mac in p3 complex, Abd IV with 4 medial mac (A3, A5, B5–6), unguis b.t. abruptly pointed and larger than the other teeth, and unguiculus ai lamella truncate (Table 2). However, T. quinquedentomucronata sp. nov. differs from these last three species by body color with blue pigments on all head (except for the dorsal side), Th II–III to coxae, Abd III with one transversal band, Abd IV with one central wings-shaped spot, and femur III pigmented anteriorly, while T. cotopaxiana has pigments on antennae and head only; T. sauron has a central spot in Abd III, and the Abd IV pigmented posteriorly or with small spots; and T. bessoni is troglomorphic and lacks body pigment and eyes. The dorsal chaetotaxy of T. quinquedentomucronata sp. nov. differs from these species by head A3 and M2 mac absent (both present in T. ocellata and only M 2 in T. sauron) and S3 mac present (absent in these species), Th II with 3 mac in p3 complex (5–6 in T. ocellata), and Abd IV with 4 medial mac (3 in T. bessoni and T. cotopaxiana). Trogolaphysa quinquedentomucronata sp. nov. also differs from these species by prelabral chaetae ciliate (smooth in T. bessoni), basomedian and basolateral labial field with L2 chaeta ciliate (smooth in T. bessoni and reduced in T. sauron), unguis b.t. abruptly pointed and larger than the other teeth (minute in T. bessoni and normal in T. ocellata and T. cotopaxiana), unguis b.t. and m.t. present (absent in T. bessoni), unguiculus ai lamella truncate (acuminate in these species, except for T. sauron), and and mucro with 5 main teeth (4 in T. ocellata and T. sauron), of which il has 1–2 denticles (absent in all these species). Other differences between these species are summarized in Table 2, except for T. bessoni and T. ocellata (see Thibaud & Najt 1988, Soto-Adames & Taylor 2013 and Soto-Adames 2015).
description: Published as part of Cipola, Nikolas Gioia, Morais, José Wellington De & Bellini, Bruno Cavalcante, 2022, Survey of Trogolaphysa Mills (Collembola, Paronellidae) of the Brazilian Amazon including five new species and the description of the dorsal chaetotaxy of the first instar, pp. 251-295 in Zootaxa 5093 (3) on pages 284-289, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5093.3.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5909875