cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Diversity of nirS and nirK denitrifying bacteria in rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soils of halophytes in Ebinur Lake Wetland
Creators: name: Niu, Yanhui
name: Hu, Wenge
name: Zhou, Tingting
name: He, Bo
name: Chen, Xuemei
name: Li, Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: There are few studies on denitrification related to the nitrogen cycle in Ebinur Lake wetland. This study aimed to explore the response of the diversity and composition of denitrifying bacteria to the environmental factors in wetland, so as to obtain more information about the community structure of denitrifying bacteria driven by environmental factors. Using the genes encoding nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK) as molecular markers, we analysed the seasonal changes in the diversity of denitrifying bacteria in halophyte soils by high-throughput sequencing technology. The results showed that the diversity of denitrifying bacteria was higher in July and lower in April, showing seasonal changes. The diversity index of denitrifying bacteria in rhizosphere soil was higher than that in non-rhizosphere soil. The diversity of denitrifying bacteria in the Phragmites australis rhizosphere soil was the highest. The diversity of nirK denitrifying bacteria was higher than that of nirS denitrifying bacteria, but the relative abundance was lower than that of nirS denitrifying bacteria. Three-way ANOVA showed that soil types, vegetation types and season had significant effects on the diversity of denitrifying bacteria. Furthermore, redundancy analysis indicated that nitrate was the environmental factor that significantly affected the community structure of nirS denitrifying bacteria in wetland, and electric conductivity, total nitrogen, ammonium and nitrate were the environmental factors that significantly affected the community structure of nirK denitrifying bacteria. These results provide data basis and theoretical support for the dynamic change of diversity of denitrifying bacteria in wetland.
Additional files 1: Supplemental material of Environmental toxicants in breast milk of Norwegian mothers and gut bacteria composition and metabolites in their infants at 1 month
Creators: name: Iszatt, Nina
name: Janssen, Stefan
name: Virissa Lenters
name: Dahl, Cecilie
name: Stigum, Hein
name: Knight, Rob
name: Siddhartha Mandal
name: Peddada, Shyamal
name: González, Antonio
name: Midtvedt, Tore
name: Eggesbø, Merete
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Characteristics of NoMIC current study population, full cohort and general population of birth-giving mothers in Norway. Table S2. Distribution of diversity measures and short-chain fatty acids in infant fecal samples at 1 month. Table S3. Greengenes lineage for deblurred FASTA sequences. Table S4. Differentially abundant taxa in the high (>80th percentile) vs. low (<20th percentile) chemical exposure groups based on Greengenes 13.1 closed-reference OTU Table (97% identity). Table S5. Association between individual toxicants and Shannon diversity, phylogenetic diversity and observed sub-OTUs restricted to term births (≥37 weeks gestational age) (n = 207) . Figure S1. Spearman’s correlations between concentrations of environmental chemicals in breast milk at 1 month. Figure S2. Characterization of the gut microbiota samples of infants at 1 month. Figure S3. Environmental chemicals in breastmilk associated with infant gut microbiome α-diversity at 1 month. Figure S4. Metagenome prediction based on Clusters of Orthologous Groups of proteins (COG) for the infant gut microbiome according to low, medium and high breast milk dioxin-like PCB exposure groups. Figure S5. Metagenome prediction of metabolic pathways of the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) for the infant gut microbiome according to low, medium and high breast milk chemical exposure groups. Figure S6. Environmental chemicals in breast milk associated with short-chain fatty acids at 1 month. Figure S7. Flowchart of participants in NoMIC study. Figure S8. Direct acyclic graph of the relation between toxicants in breast milk and infant gut diversity. Methods. Additional information on extraction, sequencing and data processing. (DOCX 1150 kb)
Thermal bridging of graphene nanosheets via covalent molecular junctions. a Non-Equilibrium Green Functions Density Functional Tight-Binding study
Creators: name: Martinez, Diego
name: di Pierro, Alessandro
name: Pecchia, Alessandro
name: Sandonas, Leonardo Medrano
name: Gutierrez, Rafael
name: Bernal, Mar
name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
name: Cuniberti, Gianaurelio
name: Saracco, Guido
name: Fina, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the uniquely high thermal conductivity of graphene is well known, the exploitation of graphene into thermally conductive nanomaterials and devices is limited by the inefficiency of thermal contacts between the individual nanosheets. A fascinating yet experimentally challenging route to enhance thermal conductance at contacts between graphene nanosheets is through molecular junctions, allowing covalently connecting nanosheets otherwise interacting only via weak Van der Waals forces. Beside the bare existence of covalent connections, the choice of molecular structures to be used as thermal junctions should be guided by their vibrational properties, in terms of phonon transfer through the molecular junction. In this paper, density functional tight-binding combined with Green functions formalism was applied for the calculation of thermal conductance and phonon spectra of several different aliphatic and aromatic molecular junctions between graphene nanosheets. Effect of molecular junction length, conformation, and aromaticity were studied in detail and correlated with phonon tunnelling spectra. The theoretical insight provided by this work can guide future experimental studies to select suitable molecular junctions in order to enhance the thermal transport by suppressing the interfacial thermal resistances, particularly attractive for various systems, including graphene nanopapers and graphene polymer nanocomposites, as well as related devices. In a broader view, the possibility to design molecular junctions to control phonon transport currently appears as an efficient way to produce phononic devices and controlling heat management in nanostructures.
Ballistic reflection at a side-gate in a superconductor-semiconductor-superconductor structure
Creators: name: Bastian, G.
name: Takayanagi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have fabricated a sub-micron-sized structure consisting of an InAs-based 2DEG, two narrow Nb leads and a gate, where the indirect ballistic transport between the non-oppositely superconducting contacts can be controlled by the voltage applied to the gate. This new kind of tuneable junction can be used for applications and allows several fundamental questions related to the transport mechanism to be studied. First results of experiments carried out in this respect are presented.
description: 6 pages, 4 eps-figures
title: Bringing Down the Empire: Remaking Our Work, Our Libraries, Our Selves
Creators: name: Wones, Suzanne L.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Keynote
subject: Patron Needs
subject: communities
subject: relevancy
subject: libraries
subject: Library and Information Science

description: As Director of Library Digital Strategies and Innovations, Suzanne leads the development and implementation of digital strategies for the Harvard Library community. Her work includes examining trends in information technology and digital library development and identifying opportunities for innovation within the Library and with external partners. During her fifteen years as a Harvard librarian, Wones has advocated for user-focused innovations and developing creative solutions to advance the mission of the University. As Executive Director of the Harvard Law School Library, she led operations and programmatic efforts, as well as strategic planning and budget management. Suzanne also stewarded faculty/library relationships, and managed all daily activities of the HLS Library, including collection development, case studies, digitization, and academic technology. Working in libraries since 1993, Suzanne has held roles in Inter-Library Loan, Microforms, Circulation, Reference, and Administration. As a manager, she is an activist for redefining positions to meet the needs of library users and to matching employees to positions where they can thrive. Suzanne holds a MS in Information, Library and Information Services from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, as well as a MA in American History from the University of New Hampshire and a BA in History from the University of Massachusetts, Amherst.
description: As Director of Library Digital Strategies and Innovations, Suzanne leads the development and implementation of digital strategies for the Harvard Library community. Her work includes examining trends in information technology and digital library development and identifying opportunities for innovation within the Library and with external partners.
Luttinger Liquid Behavior in Carbon Nanotubes
Creators: name: Bockrath, M.
name: Cobden, D. H.
name: Lu, J.
name: Rinzler, A. G.
name: Smalley, R. E.
name: Balents, L.
name: Mceuen, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An interacting one-dimensional (1D) electron system is predicted to behave very differently than its higher-dimensional counterparts. Coulomb interactions strongly modify the properties away from those of a Fermi liquid, resulting in a Luttinger liquid (LL) characterized by a power-law vanishing of the density of states at the Fermi level. Experiments on one-dimensional semiconductor wires and fractional quantum Hall conductors have been interpreted using this picture, but questions remain about the connection between theory and experiment. Recently, single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) have emerged as a new type of 1D conductor that may exhibit LL behavior. Here we present measurements of the conductance of individual ropes of such SWNTs as a function of temperature and voltage. Power law behavior as a function of temperature or bias voltage is observed: G~ T^a and dI/dV ~ V^a. Both the power-law functional forms and the inferred exponents are in good agreement with theoretical predictions for tunneling into a LL.
Critical Resistivity along the Quantum Hall Liquid--Insulator Transition Line
Creators: name: Shimshoni, Efrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical resistivity measured along the quantum Hall liquid--insulator transition line indicates a pronounced peak at a critical filling factor close to 1, which marks the crossover from the high to low magnetic field regime in the phase diagram. The origin of this behavior is explained in the framework of classical transport in a puddle network model. The proposed scenario is also consistent with the behavior of the critical Hall resistance along the transition line. In addition, a formula is suggested as a fit for isotherms ($ρ_{xx}$ vs. $ν$) in the moderately high field regime, which exhibits a violation of duality symmetry as the critical resistivity is evelated from the `universal' value $h/e^2$.
description: Latex, 2 .eps figures, style file epsfig.sty
Angular Dependence of the Nonlinear Transverse Magnetic Moment of YBCO in the Meissner state
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Anand
name: Zutic, Igor
name: Valls, Oriol T.
name: Goldman, Allen M.
name: Welp, Ulrich
name: Veal, Boyd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular dependence of the nonlinear transverse magnetic moment of untwinned high-quality single crystals of optimally doped YBCO have been studied at a temperature of 2.5K using a low frequency AC technique. The absence of any signature at angular period 2π/4is analyzed in light of the numerical predictions of such a signal for a pure d-wave order parameter with line nodes. Implications of this null result for the existence of a non-zero gap at all angles on the Fermi surface are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 ps figures (submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett.)
Electron Transport in Hybrid Ferromagnetic/Superconducting Nanostructures
Creators: name: Petrashov, V. T.
name: Sosnin, I. A.
name: Troadec, C.
name: Cox, I.
name: Parsons, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe large amplitude changes in the resistance of ferromagnetic (F) wires at the onset of superconductivity of adjacent superconductors (S). New sharp peaks of large amplitude are found in the magnetoresistance of the F-wires. We discuss a new mechanism for the long-range superconducting proximity effect in F/S nanostructures based on the analysis of the topologies of actual Fermi-surfaces in ferromagnetic metals.
description: 7 pages in LaTeX, 5 eps figures. Submitted to the Proceedings of MS2000
A new bright z=6.82 quasar discovered with VISTA: VHS J0411-0907
Creators: name: Pons, Estelle
name: McMahon, Richard G.
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
name: Banerji, Manda
name: Hewett, Paul C.
name: Reed, Sophie L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the discovery of a new $z \sim 6.8$ quasar discovered with the near-IR VISTA Hemisphere Survey (VHS) which has been spectroscopically confirmed by the ESO New Technology Telescope (NTT) and the Magellan telescope. This quasar has been selected by spectral energy distribution (SED) classification using near infrared data from VISTA, optical data from Pan-STARRS, and mid-IR data from WISE. The SED classification algorithm is used to statistically rank two classes; foreground Galactic low-mass stars and high redshift quasars, prior to spectroscopic observation. Forced photometry on Pan-STARRS pixels for VHS J0411-0907 allows to improve the SED classification reduced-$χ^2$ and photometric redshift. VHS J0411-0907 ($z=6.82$, $y_{AB} = 20.1$ mag, $J_{AB} = 20.0$ mag) has the brightest J-band continuum magnitude of the nine known quasars at $z > 6.7$ and is currently the highest redshift quasar detected in the Pan-STARRS survey. This quasar has one of the lowest black hole mass ($M_{\rm{BH}}= (6.13 \pm 0.51)\times 10^8\:\mathrm{M_{\odot}}$) and the highest Eddington ratio ($2.37\pm0.22$) of the known quasars at $z>6.5$. The high Eddington ratio indicates that some very high-$z$ quasars are undergoing super Eddington accretion. We also present coefficients of the best polynomials fits for colours vs spectral type on the Pan-STARRS, VISTA and WISE system for MLT dwarfs and present a forecast for the expected numbers of quasars at $z>6.5$.
description: 14 pages, accepted for publication by MNRAS
title: Studies of the Purification of NAD-Dependent and NADP-Dependent Isocitrate Dehydrogenase by General Ligand Affinity Chromatography
Creators: name: Bertkau, Geoffrey H.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1976

description: Purification of Yeast NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase was partially successful when utilizing an NAD+-ribosyl-hydrazide Sepharose affinity chromatography column. Although no specific elution system was found, a maximum purification of sixty-five fold was achieved with 0.5M KCl elution. A 38-fold purification was obtained when 20mM NAD+ was employed for elution.

Yeast and calf liver NADP+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase were also found to bind to NAD+-ribosyl-hydrazide Sepharose as well as the NAD+-dependent enzyme. Again, elution was achieved with either o,5M KCl or 20 mM NADP+.

Ammonium sulfate fractionation decreased the yield by 60 to 80% and specific activity by 50% in both forms of isocitrate dehydrogenase. Sepharose 4B proved to be a mild purification step, resulting in up to 100% recovery and a 2 to 3.5-fold increase in specific activity.

Separation of Yeast NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase from other dehydrogenases was not successful when utilizing Sepharose 4B, or the affinity column when eluting with a 0 to 30mM NAD+ gradient.

NAD+-dependent isocitrate dehydrogenase activity in bull seminal plasma was observed to be stimulated by either ADP or AMP with maximum stimulation obtained at 0.2mM and 0.7mM respectively.
MPEC 2024-C189 : 2004 BH11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Collective charge density excitations in two-component one-dimensional quantum plasmas: Phase fluctuation mode dispersion and spectral weight in semiconductor quantum wire nanostructures
Creators: name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Hwang, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collective charge density excitation spectra of both a spatially separated two-component quasi-one dimensional (1D) quantum plasma, as existing in a semiconductor double quantum wire structure, and a 1D homogeneous electron-hole plasma, as appropriate for a photoexcited semiconductor quantum wire system, are calculated within the two-component random-phase-approximation. We also investigate the effect of impurity scattering on the collective mode dispersion and damping, and calculate the collective mode spectral weight by obtaining the dynamical structure factor. We find that both OP and AP modes are overdamped by impurity scattering below some critical wave vector. We find that in the long wavelength limit the spectral weight is carried mostly by the OP, but the spectral weight of the undamped AP mode at finite (but not too large) wave vectors is comparable with that of the OP mode, making it viable to observe the AP mode in semiconductor quantum wire systems. The effect of the interwire electron tunneling in a biwire system on the collective charge density excitation spectra is also studied. We discuss the mode dispersion and damping from an effective Luttinger liquid perspective as well and in some cases include local field corrections in our calculations.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
PANORAMA DOS EXAMES DE TOMOGRAFIA COMPUTADORIZADA REALIZADOS NO BRASIL
Creators: name: Silva, Monique França E
name: Silva, Aline Ferreira Da
name: Souza, Lucas Wilian Gonçalves De
name: Souza, Samara Pavan
name: Perini, Ana Paula
name: Neves, Lucio Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Este trabalho tem o intuito de descrever o cenário da frequência da realização do exame de Tomografia Computacional no Brasil. Para isso, realizou-se um levantamento de dados da plataforma do Departamento de Tecnologia da Informação do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS) e da Organização para Cooperação e Desenvolvimento Econômico (OCDE). Os dados coletados foram analisados, descrevendo o cenário do uso da Tomografia Computacional no Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS). Os resultados apresentam que cerca de 624 milhões de exames diagnósticos, que utilizam radiações ionizantes, foram realizados em pacientes ambulatoriais do SUS no período de 2010 a 2018. Na plataforma da OECD foram coletados o número de exames de TC, em pacientes ambulatoriais, a cada 1.000 pessoas em 12 países membros, que tinham todos os dados disponíveis no período de 2011 a 2017. Os resultados apresentam que o Brasil é o país entre os 12 da OECD que realiza mais exames de TC.
Guaranteed Performance of Nonlinear Attitude Filters on the Special Orthogonal Group SO(3)
Creators: name: Hashim, Hashim A.
name: Brown, Lyndon J.
name: McIsaac, Kenneth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper proposes two novel nonlinear attitude filters evolved directly on the Special Orthogonal Group SO(3) able to ensure prescribed measures of transient and steady-state performance. The tracking performance of the normalized Euclidean distance of attitude error is trapped to initially start within a large set and converge systematically and asymptotically to the origin from almost any initial condition. The convergence rate is guaranteed to be less than the prescribed value and the steady-state error does not exceed a predefined small value. The first filter uses a set of vectorial measurements with the need for attitude reconstruction. The second filter instead uses only a rate gyroscope measurement and two or more vectorial measurements. These filters provide good attitude estimates with superior convergence properties and can be applied to measurements obtained from low cost inertial measurement units (IMUs). Simulation results illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of the proposed attitude filters with guaranteed performance considering high level of uncertainty in angular velocity along with body-frame vector measurements. Keywords: Attitude, estimate, estimator, observer, filter, nonlinear deterministic attitude filter, special orthogonal group, Euler angles, angle-axis, Rodrigues vector, mapping, parameterization, prescribed performance, representation, robust, Multiplicative Extended Kalman Filter, KF, EKF, MEKF, asymptotic stability, almost global asymptotic, noise, rotational matrix, identity, origin, orientation, body frame, inertial frame, rigid body, three dimensional, 3D, space, micro electromechanical systems, sensor, MEMS, roll, pitch, yaw, UAVs, QUAV, SVD, fixed, moving, vehicles, robot, robotic system, spacecraft, submarine, underwater vehicle, passive complementary filter, explicit complementary filter, autonomous, comparative study, SO(3).
description: 2018, IEEE Access
Estimating NH3 emissions from agricultural fertilizer application in China using the bi-directional CMAQ model coupled to an agro-ecosystem model
Creators: name: Ran, L. M.
name: Fu, X.
name: Benson, V.
name: Bash, J. O.
name: Wang, S. X.
name: Hao, J. M.
name: Pleim, J. E.
name: Cooter, E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Atmospheric ammonia (NH3) plays an important role in atmospheric aerosol chemistry. China is one of the largest NH3 emitting countries with the majority of NH3 emissions coming from agricultural practices, such as fertilizer application and livestock production. The current NH3 emission estimates in China are mainly based on pre-defined emission factors that lack temporal or spatial details, which are needed to accurately predict NH3 emissions. This study provides the first online estimate of NH3 emissions from agricultural fertilizer application in China, using an agricultural fertilizer modeling system which couples a regional air quality model (the Community Multi-scale Air Quality model, or CMAQ) and an agro-ecosystem model (the Environmental Policy Integrated Climate model, or EPIC). This method improves the spatial and temporal resolution of NH3 emissions from this sector. We combined the cropland area data of 14 crops from 2710 counties with the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) land use data to determine the crop distribution. The fertilizer application rates and methods for different crops were collected at provincial or agricultural region levels. The EPIC outputs of daily fertilizer application and soil characteristics were input into the CMAQ model and the hourly NH3 emissions were calculated online with CMAQ running. The estimated agricultural fertilizer NH3 emissions in this study were approximately 3 Tg in 2011. The regions with the highest modeled emission rates are located in the North China Plain. Seasonally, peak ammonia emissions occur from April to July. Compared with previous researches, this study considers an increased number of influencing factors, such as meteorological fields, soil and fertilizer application, and provides improved NH3 emissions with higher spatial and temporal resolution.
Phase structure of the QCD vacuum in a magnetic field at low temperature
Creators: name: Agasian, N. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the QCD phase structure in magnetic field $H$ at low temperature $T$. The hadronic phase free energy in a constant homogeneous magnetic field is calculated in one-loop approximation of the chiral perturbation theory. The dependence of the quark and gluon condensates upon the temperature and field strength is found. It is shown that the chiral phase transition order parameter $$ remains constant provided field strength and temperature are related via $H=const \cdot T^2$.
description: LaTeX, 10 pages, 1 eps figure, replaced by version published in Phys.Lett.B
Gas and aerosol carbon in California: comparison of measurements and model predictions in Pasadena and Bakersfield
Creators: name: Lin, Y.-H.
name: Jaoui, M.
name: Brune, W. H.
name: Surratt, J. D.
name: Stevens, P. S.
name: Pye, H. O. T.
name: Rubitschun, C. L.
name: Lewandowski, M.
name: Kelly, J. T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Co-located measurements of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) organic carbon (OC), elemental carbon, radiocarbon (14C), speciated volatile organic compounds (VOCs), and OH radicals during the CalNex field campaign provide a unique opportunity to evaluate the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model's representation of organic species from VOCs to particles. Episode average daily 23 h average 14C analysis indicates PM2.5 carbon at Pasadena and Bakersfield during the CalNex field campaign was evenly split between contemporary and fossil origins. CMAQ predicts a higher contemporary carbon fraction than indicated by the 14C analysis at both locations. The model underestimates measured PM2.5 organic carbon at both sites with very little (7% in Pasadena) of the modeled mass represented by secondary production, which contrasts with the ambient-based SOC / OC fraction of 63% at Pasadena.  Measurements and predictions of gas-phase anthropogenic species, such as toluene and xylenes, are generally within a factor of 2, but the corresponding SOC tracer (2,3-dihydroxy-4-oxo-pentanoic acid) is systematically underpredicted by more than a factor of 2. Monoterpene VOCs and SOCs are underestimated at both sites. Isoprene is underestimated at Pasadena and overpredicted at Bakersfield and isoprene SOC mass is underestimated at both sites. Systematic model underestimates in SOC mass coupled with reasonable skill (typically within a factor of 2) in predicting hydroxyl radical and VOC gas-phase precursors suggest error(s) in the parameterization of semivolatile gases to form SOC. Yield values (α) applied to semivolatile partitioning species were increased by a factor of 4 in CMAQ for a sensitivity simulation, taking into account recent findings of underestimated yields in chamber experiments due to gas wall losses. This sensitivity resulted in improved model performance for PM2.5 organic carbon at both field study locations and at routine monitor network sites in California. Modeled percent secondary contribution (22% at Pasadena) becomes closer to ambient-based estimates but still contains a higher primary fraction than observed.
Laboratory evidence of organic peroxide and peroxyhemiacetal formation in the aqueous phase and implications for aqueous OH
Creators: name: Lim, Y. B.
name: Turpin, B. J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Aqueous chemistry in atmospheric waters (e.g., cloud droplets or wet aerosols) is considered a potentially important atmospheric pathway to produce secondary organic aerosol (SOAaq). Water-soluble organic compounds with small carbon numbers (C2–C3) are precursors for SOAaq; products include organic acids, organic sulfates, and high-molecular-weight compounds/oligomers. Fenton reactions and the uptake of gas-phase OH radicals are considered to be the major oxidant sources for aqueous organic chemistry. However, the sources and availability of oxidants in atmospheric waters are not well understood. The degree to which OH is produced in the aqueous phase affects the balance of radical and non-radical aqueous chemistry, the properties of the resulting aerosol, and likely its atmospheric behavior. This paper demonstrates organic peroxide formation during aqueous photooxidation of methylglyoxal using ultra-high-resolution Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (FTICR-MS). Organic peroxides are known to form through gas-phase oxidation of volatile organic compounds. They contribute secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation directly by forming peroxyhemiacetals and epoxides (i.e., IEPOX), and indirectly by enhancing gas-phase oxidation through OH recycling. We provide simulation results of organic peroxide/peroxyhemiacetal formation in clouds and wet aerosols and discuss organic peroxides as a source of condensed-phase OH radicals and as a contributor to aqueous SOA.
questionnaire disinformation in Switzerland 2020
Creators: name: Vogler, Daniel
name: Rauchfleisch, Adrian
name: Schneider, Jörg
name: Schwaiger, Lisa
name: Eisenegger, Mark
name: Udris, Linards
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: desinformation
Switzerland
survey
questionnaire

description: Questionnaire compiled for the study "Perception of Disinformation in Switzerland". Questionnaire is available in three languages (German, French, Italian). Survey was conducted in November/December 2020 (n = 1212 participants) and was representative for the three main language regions of Switzerland. The study was funded by the Federal Office of Communications OFCOM (BAKOM).
Multi-Scale Distributed Representation for Deep Learning and its Application to b-Jet Tagging
Creators: name: Lee, Jason
name: Park, Inkyu
name: Park, Sangnam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently machine learning algorithms based on deep layered artificial neural networks (DNNs) have been applied to a wide variety of high energy physics problems such as jet tagging or event classification. We explore a simple but effective preprocessing step which transforms each real-valued observational quantity or input feature into a binary number with a fixed number of digits. Each binary digit represents the quantity or magnitude in different scales. We have shown that this approach improves the performance of DNNs significantly for some specific tasks without any further complication in feature engineering. We apply this multi-scale distributed binary representation to deep learning on b-jet tagging using daughter particles' momenta and vertex information.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Estimates of non-traditional secondary organic aerosols from aircraft SVOC and IVOC emissions using CMAQ
Creators: name: Arunachalam, S.
name: Jathar, S. H.
name: Robinson, A. L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Utilizing an aircraft-specific parameterization based on smog chamber data in the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model with the volatility basis set (VBS), we estimated contributions of non-traditional secondary organic aerosols (NTSOA) for aircraft emissions during landing and takeoff (LTO) activities at the Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. NTSOA, formed from the oxidation of semi-volatile and intermediate volatility organic compounds (S/IVOCs), is a heretofore unaccounted component of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) in most air quality models. We expanded a prerelease version of CMAQ with VBS implemented for the Carbon Bond 2005 (CB05) chemical mechanism to use the Statewide Air Pollution Research Center 2007 (SAPRC-07) chemical mechanism and added species representing aircraft S/IVOCs and corresponding NTSOA oxidation products. Results indicated that the maximum monthly average NTSOA contributions occurred at the airport and ranged from 2.4 ng m−3 (34 % from idle and 66 % from non-idle aircraft activities) in January to 9.1 ng m−3 (33 and 67 %) in July. This represents 1.7 % (of 140 ng m−3) in January and 7.4 % in July (of 122 ng m−3) of aircraft-attributable PM2.5 compared to 41.0–42.0 % from elemental carbon and 42.8–58.0 % from inorganic aerosols. As a percentage of PM2.5, impacts were higher downwind of the airport, where NTSOA averaged 4.6–17.9 % of aircraft-attributable PM2.5 and, considering alternative aging schemes, was as high as 24.0 % – thus indicating the increased contribution of aircraft-attributable SOA as a component of PM2.5. However, NTSOA contributions were generally low compared to smog chamber results, particularly at idle, due to the considerably lower ambient organic aerosol concentrations in CMAQ compared to those in the smog chamber experiments.
TNT, Watch me Explode: A Light in the Dark for Revealing MPLS Tunnels
Creators: name: Vanaubel, Yves
name: Luttringer, Jean-Romain
name: Mérindol, Pascal
name: Pansiot, Jean-Jacques
name: Donnet, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Internet topology discovery has been a recurrent research topic for nearly 20 years now. Usually, it works by sending hop-limited probes (i.e., traceroute) towards a set of destinations to collect topological data in order to infer the Internet topology at a given scale (e.g., at the router or the AS level). However, traceroute comes with multiple limitations, in particular with layer-2 clouds such as MPLS that might hide their content to traceroute exploration. Thus, the resulting Internet topology data and models are incomplete and inaccurate. In this paper, we introduce TNT (Trace the Naughty Tunnels), an extension to Paris traceroute for revealing most (if not all) MPLS tunnels along a path. TNT works in two basic stages. First, along with traceroute probes, it looks for evidences of the potential presence of hidden tunnels. Those evidences are surprising patterns in the traceroute output, e.g., abrupt and significant TTL shifts. Second, if alarms are triggered due to the presence of such evidences, TNT launches additional and dedicated probing for possibly revealing the content of the hidden tunnel. We validate TNT through emulation with GNS3 and tune its parameters through a dedicated measurement campaign. We also largely deploy TNT on the Archipelago platform and provide a quantification of tunnels, updating so the state of the art vision of MPLS tunnels. Finally, TNT and its validation platform are fully and publicly available, as well as the collected data and scripts used for processing data.
description: TNT code, GNS3 scripts, data processing and analysis scripts, raw data collected are available here: http://www.montefiore.ulg.ac.be/~bdonnet/mpls
Additional file 1 of Associations of CKD risk factors and longitudinal changes in urine biomarkers of kidney tubules among women living with HIV
Creators: name: Muiru, Anthony N.
name: Scherzer, Rebecca
name: Ascher, Simon B.
name: Jotwani, Vasantha
name: Grunfeld, Carl
name: Shigenaga, Judy
name: Spaulding, Kimberly A.
name: Ng, Derek K.
name: Gustafson, Deborah
name: Spence, Amanda B.
name: Sharma, Anjali
name: Cohen, Mardge H.
name: Parikh, Chirag R.
name: Ix, Joachim H.
name: Estrella, Michelle M.
name: Shlipak, Michael G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental Table 1. Simultaneous multivariable adjusted associations of baseline and follow-up CKD risk factors with longitudinal changes in urine biomarker levels among HIV-positive women.
Additional file 1: of Uptake of minimum acceptable diet among children aged 6â 23 months in orthodox religionÂ followers during fasting season in rural area, DEMBECHA, north West Ethiopia
Creators: name: Efram Mulat
name: Girma Alem
name: Wubetu Woyraw
name: Habtamu Temesgen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Questionnaire prepared for assessment of minimum acceptable diet among Infants and young children aged between 6-23 months in Fasting season, Dembecha, North -West Ethiopia, 2018 (DOCX 70 kb)
Entanglement of Purification in Many Body Systems and Symmetry Breaking
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, Arpan
name: Jahn, Alexander
name: Takayanagi, Tadashi
name: Umemoto, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement of purification (EoP), a measure of total correlation between two subsystems $A$ and $B$, for free scalar field theory on a lattice and the transverse-field Ising model by numerical methods. In both of these models, we find that the EoP becomes a non-monotonic function of the distance between $A$ and $B$ when the total number of lattice sites is small. When it is large, the EoP becomes monotonic and shows a plateau-like behavior. Moreover, we show that the original reflection symmetry which exchanges $A$ and $B$ can get broken in optimally purified systems. In the Ising model, we find this symmetry breaking in the ferromagnetic phase. We provide an interpretation of our results in terms of the interplay between classical and quantum correlations.
description: 12 pages, 18 figures
Evaluation of updated nitric acid chemistry on ozone precursors and radiative effects
Creators: name: Henderson, B. H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: This study shows that revising the reaction rate of NO2 + HO. → HNO3 improves simulated nitrogen partitioning and changes the simulated radiative effects of several short-lived climate forcers (SLCF). Both laboratory and field study analyses have found that the reaction rate should be reduced by 13–30% from current recommendations. We evaluate the GEOS-Chem model over North America with and without the recommended update using observations from the Intercontinental Chemical Transport Experiment – North America (INTEX-NA) Phase A campaign. Revising the NO2 + HO. → HNO3 rate coefficient improves model performance of oxidized nitrogen partitioning by increasing NOx concentrations in the upper troposphere and decreasing HNO3 throughout the troposphere. The increase in NOx concentrations has a corresponding global increase in O3 concentrations and local increases in sulfate aerosols, causing a perturbation in simulated radiative effects. These findings demonstrate the positive influence the mechanism update has on the partitioning of oxidized nitrogen species, the benefits it provides when compared to aircraft observations, and the simulated radiative effects that the reduction induces.
Additional file 1: of Genetic variability of inflammation and oxidative stress genes does not play a major role in the occurrence of adverse events of dopaminergic treatment in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Redenšek, Sara
name: Dušan Flisar
name: Kojović, Maja
name: Kramberger, Milica
name: Georgiev, Dejan
name: Pirtošek, Zvezdan
name: Trošt, Maja
name: Dolžan, Vita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Power calculations. Table S2. SNPs included in the study with their predicted and experimentally determined functions. Table S3. Excessive daytime sleepiness and sleep attacks, visual hallucinations, and nausea and vomiting. Table S4. Orthostatic hypotension, peripheral edema, and impulse control disorders. Table S5. Motor fluctuations and dyskinesia. (DOCX 56 kb)
Transport in the XX chain at zero temperature: Emergence of flat magnetization profiles
Creators: name: Antal, T.
name: Rácz, Z.
name: Rákos, A.
name: Schütz, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the connection between magnetization transport and magnetization profiles in zero-temperature XX chains. The time evolution of the transverse magnetization, m(x,t), is calculated using an inhomogeneous initial state that is the ground state at fixed magnetization but with m reversed from -m_0 for x<0 to m_0 for x>0. In the long-time limit, the magnetization evolves into a scaling form m(x,t)=P(x/t) and the profile develops a flat part (m=P=0) in the |x/t|< c(m_0) region. The flat region shrinks to zero if m_0->1/2 while it expands with the maximum velocity, c_0=1, for m_0->0. The states emerging in the scaling limit are compared to those of a homogeneous system where the same magnetization current is driven by a bulk field, and we find that the expectation values of various quantities (energy, occupation number in the fermionic representation) agree in the two systems.
description: RevTex, 8 pages, 3 ps figures
Reciprocity and transformative learning : arts-based professional learning with students and teachers
Creators: name: Tufenkjian, Ally Shay
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2019
Subjects: Professional learning
Arts integration
Drama-based pedagogy
Students as researchers

description: Educators and policy makers have called for more consistent and rigorous arts-based professional learning opportunities for classroom teachers to support student learning outcomes. However, the voices of students, the recipients of arts-based teaching methods, are frequently missing from arts-based professional learning spaces. This MFA thesis document examines the experience of students and teachers in the Student Learning Community (SLC), a student-teacher, arts-based professional learning community based in the Murraylands, South Australia. This mixed-methods study assesses how including students in arts-based professional learning supported students’ and teachers’ self-perceptions as learners and leaders. This study advocates for professional learning opportunities that intentionally leverage the arts and the expertise of students and teachers to promote school change.
Plasmon-phonon coupling in a valley-spin-polarized two-dimensional electron system: a theoretical study on monolayer silicene
Creators: name: Mirzaei, M.
name: Vazifehshenas, T.
name: Salavati-fard, T.
name: Farmanbar, M.
name: Tanatar, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the hybrid excitations due to the coupling between surface optical phonons of a polar insulator substrate and plasmons in the valley-spin-polarized metal phase of silicene under an exchange field. We perform the calculations within the generalized random-phase approximation where the plasmon-phonon coupling is taken into account by the long-range Fr$\ddot{\mathrm{o}}$hlich interaction. Our investigation on two hybridized plasmon branches in different spin and valley subbands shows distinct behavior compared to the uncoupled case. Interestingly, in one valley, it is found that while the high energy hybrid branch is totally damped in the spin-up state, it can be well-defined in the the spin-down state. Moreover, we show that the electron-phonon coupling is stronger in both spin-down subbands, regardless of valley index, due to their higher electron densities. In addition, we study the effects of electron-phonon coupling on the quasiparticle scattering rate of four distinct spin-valley locked subbands. The results of our calculations predict a general enhancement in the scattering rate for all subbands, and a jump in the case of spin-down states. This sharp increase associated to the damping of hybrid plasmon modes is almost absent in the uncoupled case. The results suggest an effective way for manipulating collective modes of valley-spin-polarized silicene which may become useful in future valleytronic and spintronic applications.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures