cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mean-field theory is exact for the random-field model with long-range interactions
Creators: name: Tsuda, Junichi
name: Nishimori, Hidetoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the random-field Ising model with long-range interactions and show the exactness of the mean-field theory under certain mild conditions. This is a generalization of the result of Mori for the non-random and spin-glass cases. To treat random fields, we evoke the self-averaging property of a function of random fields, without recourse to the replica method. The result is that the mean-field theory gives the exact expression of the canonical free energy for systems with power-decaying interactions if the power is smaller than or equal to the spatial dimension.
description: 15pages, 1 figure To be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn
Skeleton Clustering: Dimension-Free Density-based Clustering
Creators: name: Wei, Zeyu
name: Chen, Yen-Chi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a density-based clustering method called skeleton clustering that can detect clusters in multivariate and even high-dimensional data with irregular shapes. To bypass the curse of dimensionality, we propose surrogate density measures that are less dependent on the dimension but have intuitive geometric interpretations. The clustering framework constructs a concise representation of the given data as an intermediate step and can be thought of as a combination of prototype methods, density-based clustering, and hierarchical clustering. We show by theoretical analysis and empirical studies that the skeleton clustering leads to reliable clusters in multivariate and high-dimensional scenarios.
title: Aspects of British and Irish Mesolithic and early Neolithic woodworking practice, technology and change with case-studies from south-west Britain
Creators: name: Turner, Adam
name: Hosfield, Rob
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: This thesis investigates prehistoric woodworking technology, techniques and traditions based on multi-site comparative analysis of assemblages and new data from excavated collections. The timeframe under review is the Mesolithic and early Neolithic periods in Britain and Ireland, with a particular focus on the nature of changing organic material culture during the transition between these periods. This work provides an updated review of the transition debate alongside original synthesis of relevant worked wood assemblages, detailed metric analysis of woodworking evidence from specific case-studies, and a focus on outstanding issues in understanding manufacturing toolmarks on wooden artefacts. In-depth original analysis of data from specific collections has been based on study of two significant primary case-studies; Goldcliff East (Gwent, Wales) and the Sweet and Post tracks (Somerset, England). The opportunity to study these assemblages, some of the material as yet unpublished, has allowed for comprehensive analysis of worked wood artefacts and comparison of wood working traditions in the late Mesolithic southern Wales and early Neolithic south-west England. Results of this analysis revealed the presence of a previously unreported working technique identified in both assemblages, one later Mesolithic, the other initial Neolithic, and has provided a useful mechanism to compare activity across the sites and periods. This in turn led to the development of a programme of experimental archaeology devised to investigate the nature and differences in toolmark morphology produced by different relevant tool types. Such research into prehistoric organic material culture and worked wood assemblages provides a mechanism to test and inform some of the theories and assumptions that have been proposed for these periods in wider archaeological analysis. With the results demonstrating the variety of woodworking skills available to people in the past, and highlighting the nature of resource management and wood selection choices, networks of connectivity, social organisation and specific tool use. By offering new data and understanding of activity, technology and cultural practice over the course of the Mesolithic to early Neolithic in this area of Europe, fresh perspective on the complexity of this important period is provided.
Supplemental Table, Figure, Figure legend and ANOVA output from Loss of the glucocorticoid receptor causes accelerated ovarian ageing in zebrafish
Creators: name: Faught, Erin
name: Santos, Helio B.
name: Vijayan, Mathilakath M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S1, Figure S1, Figure 2 Legend and Statistical output
Dual-Phase Liquid Xenon Detectors for Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Schumann, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual-phase time projection chambers (TPCs) filled with the liquid noble gas xenon (LXe) are currently the most sensitive detectors searching for interactions of WIMP dark matter in a laboratory-based experiment. This is achieved by combining a large, monolithic dark matter target of a very low background with the capability to localize the interaction vertex in three dimensions, allowing for target fiducialization and multiple-scatter rejection. The background in dual-phase LXe TPCs is further reduced by the simultaneous measurement of the scintillation and ionization signal from a particle interaction, which is used to distinguish signal from background signatures. This article reviews the principle of dual-phase LXe TPCs, and provides an overview about running as well as future experimental efforts.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Article for INSTR14. Matches published version
Additional file 1 of Educating students while recruiting underrepresented populations for Alzheimer’s disease research: the Student Ambassador Program
Creators: name: DeCaro, Renée
name: O’Connor, Maureen K.
name: DiTerlizzi, Christina
name: Sekyi-Appiah, Nana
name: Polk, John
name: Budson, Andrew E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Ambassador Program Student Contract.
Rho meson distribution amplitudes from QCD sum rules with nonlocal condensates
Creators: name: Pimikov, A. V.
name: Mikhailov, S. V.
name: Stefanis, N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The leading-twist distribution amplitude for the longitudinal rho-meson was studied using QCD Sum Rules with nonlocal condensates and a spectral density which includes next-to-leading order radiative corrections. The obtained profile is compared with results from standard QCD sum rules, lattice QCD, holographic QCD, a light-front quark model, and the instanton liquid model. Preliminary estimates for the first two moments of the transverse $ρ$-meson distribute amplitude are also given.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, talk presented by the first author at the Light-Cone Conference 2013, May 20-24, 2013, Skiathos, Greece. v2 minor corrections
Additional file 2 of Educating students while recruiting underrepresented populations for Alzheimer’s disease research: the Student Ambassador Program
Creators: name: DeCaro, Renée
name: O’Connor, Maureen K.
name: DiTerlizzi, Christina
name: Sekyi-Appiah, Nana
name: Polk, John
name: Budson, Andrew E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center PAIRS Program Dementia Knowledge Test.
Anchored burning bijections on finite and infinite graphs
Creators: name: Gamlin, Samuel L.
name: Járai, Antal A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35

description: Let $G$ be an infinite graph such that each tree in the wired uniform spanning forest on $G$ has one end almost surely. On such graphs $G$, we give a family of continuous, measure preserving, almost one-to-one mappings from the wired spanning forest on $G$ to recurrent sandpiles on $G$, that we call anchored burning bijections. In the special case of $\mathbb{Z}^d$, $d \ge 2$, we show how the anchored bijection, combined with Wilson's stacks of arrows construction, as well as other known results on spanning trees, yields a power law upper bound on the rate of convergence to the sandpile measure along any exhaustion of $\mathbb{Z}^d$. We discuss some open problems related to these findings.
description: 26 pages; 1 EPS figure. Minor alterations made after comments from referee
Cartan connections and path structures with large automorphisms groups
Creators: name: Falbel, Elisha
name: Mion-Mouton, Martin
name: Veloso, Jose Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We classify compact manifolds of dimension three equipped with a path structure and a fixed contact form (which we refer to as a strict path structure) under the hypothesis that their automorphism group is non-compact. We use a Cartan connection associated to the structure and show that its curvature is constant.
description: International Journal of Mathematics, 2021. In this (unpublished) improved version, we withdraw the hypothesis of a dense orbit of the automorphism group in the main Theorem 1.1 when the structure is class C^3
Short Gamma Ray Burst Formation Rate from BATSE data using E_p-L_p correlation and the minimum gravitational wave event rate of coalescing compact binary
Creators: name: Yonetoku, Daisuke
name: Nakamura, Takashi
name: Sawano, Tatsuya
name: Takahashi, Keitaro
name: Toyanago, Asuka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 72 Short Gamma Ray Bursts (SGRBs) with well determined spectral data observed by BATSE, we determine their redshift and the luminosity by applying $E_p$--$L_p$ correlation for SGRBs found by \cite{tsutsui13}. For 53 SGRBs with the observed flux brighter than $4 \times 10^{-6}~{\rm erg~cm^{-2}s^{-1}}$, the cumulative redshift distribution up to $z=1$ agrees well with that of 22 {\it Swift}~SGRBs. This suggests that the redshift determination by the $E_p$--$L_p$ correlation for SGRBs works well. The minimum event rate at $z=0$ is estimated as $ρ_{SGRB}(0) = 6.3_{-3.9}^{+3.1} \times 10^{-10}~{\rm events~Mpc^{-3}yr^{-1}}$ so that the minimum beaming angle is $0.6^\circ-7.8^\circ$ assuming the merging rate of $10^{-7}-4\times 10^{-6}~{\rm events~Mpc^{-3}yr^{-1}}$ suggested from the binary pulsar data. Interestingly, this angle is consistent with that for SGRB130603B of $\sim 4^\circ-8^\circ$\citep{fong13b}. On the other hand, if we assume the beaming angle of $\sim 6^\circ$ suggested from four SGRBs with the observed value of beaming angle, the minimum event rate including off-axis SGRBs is estimated as $ρ_{SGRB,all}^{min}(0)=1.15_{-0.71}^{+0.57}\times 10^{-7}~{\rm events~Mpc^{-3}yr^{-1}}$. If SGRBs are induced by coalescence of binary neutron stars (NSs) and/or black holes (BHs), this event rate leads to the minimum gravitational-wave detection rate of $\rm 3.9_{-2.4}^{+1.9} (152_{-94}^{+75})~events~y^{-1}$ for NS-NS (NS-BH) binary, respectively, by a worldwide network with KAGRA, advanced-LIGO, advanced-Virgo, and GEO.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted to ApJ
General Use SOP for Carcinogens
Creators: name: Stanford EH&S
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: chemical safety
carcinogens

description: This standard operating procedure (SOP) provides general guidance on working safely with lab-scale quantities of carcinogenic materials. In some cases, multiple SOPs may apply to a single chemical  (e.g., for benzene, both General Use SOPs for flammables and carcinogens would apply). For questions about the applicability of any item in this SOP, contact your Principal Investigator/Supervisor or EH&S at 650-723-0448 or (EHS_Research_SOP@lists.stanford.edu).
Sex-biased expression of microRNAs in Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Marco, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Most animals have separate sexes. The differential expression of gene products, in particular that of gene regulators, is underlying sexual dimorphism. Analyses of sex-biased expression have focused mostly in protein coding genes. Several lines of evidence indicate that microRNAs, a class of major gene regulators, are likely to have a significant role in sexual dimorphism. This role has not been systematically explored so far. Here I study the sex-biased expression pattern of microRNAs in the model species Drosophila melanogaster. As with protein coding genes, sex biased microRNAs are associated with the reproductive function. Strikingly, contrary to protein-coding genes, male biased microRNAs are enriched in the X chromosome whilst female microRNAs are mostly autosomal. I propose that the chromosomal distribution is a consequence of high rates of de novo emergence, and a preference of new microRNAs to be expressed in the testis. I also suggest that demasculinization of the X chromosome may not affect microRNAs. Interestingly, female biased microRNAs are often encoded within protein coding genes that are also expressed in females. MicroRNAs with sex-biased expression do not preferentially target sex-biased gene transcripts. These results strongly suggest that the sex-biased expression of microRNAs is mainly a consequence of high rates of microRNA emergence in the X (male bias) or hitch-hiked expression by host genes (female bias).
description: 25 pages, including 4 figures
$ϕ^2$ or Not $ϕ^2$: Testing the Simplest Inflationary Potential
Creators: name: Creminelli, Paolo
name: Nacir, Diana López
name: Simonović, Marko
name: Trevisan, Gabriele
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simplest inflationary model $V=\frac12 m^2ϕ^2$ represents the benchmark for future constraints. For a quadratic potential, the quantity $(n_s-1)+r/4+11 (n_s-1)^2/24$ vanishes (up to corrections which are cubic in slow roll) and can be used to parametrize small deviations from the minimal scenario. Future constraints on this quantity will be able to distinguish a quadratic potential from a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson with $f \lesssim 30 M_{\rm pl}$ and set limits on the deviation from unity of the speed of sound $| c_s-1| \lesssim 3\times 10^{-2}$ (corresponding to an energy scale $Λ\gtrsim 2\times 10^{16}\, \mathrm{GeV}$), and on the contribution of a second field to perturbations ($\lesssim 6 \times 10^{-2}$). The limiting factor for these bounds will be the uncertainty on the spectral index. The error on the number of e-folds will be $ΔN \simeq 0.4$, corresponding to an error on the reheating temperature $ΔT_\mathrm{rh}/T_\mathrm{rh}\simeq 1.2$. We comment on the relevance of non-Gaussianity after BICEP2 results.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. Version 2: title and text have minor changes. Phys. Rev. Lett. published version
Additional file 1 of Integrated interventions and supporting activities to increase uptake of multiple cancer screenings: conceptual framework, determinants of implementation success, measurement challenges, and research priorities
Creators: name: Subramanian, Sujha
name: Tangka, Florence K. L.
name: Hoover, Sonja
name: DeGroff, Amy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. CRCCP – Site Visit Guide
Accurate absolute parameters of the binary system V4089 Sgr
Creators: name: Veramendi, M. E.
name: Gonzalez, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out a spectroscopic and photometric analysis of the binary V4089 Sgr with the aim to obtain absolute masses and radii of the components and to compare these parameters with stellar evolution theoretical models. We took high-resolution spectra and measured radial velocity using standard cross-correlations and a technique of spectral disentangling. Absolute parameters of the components were determined through the simultaneous fitting of measured radial velocities and Geneva photometric data available in the literature. In this way we obtained Ma=2.584+-0.008 Msun, Mb=1.607+-0.007 Msun, Ra=3.959+-0.013 Rsun, and Rb=1.605+-0.016 Rsun. The comparison of these parameters with two grids of theoretical models led to estimate narrow ranges of possible values for system metallicity and age. According to circularization theory it was not expected that the binary had achieved a circular orbit as a result of tidal friction, so the null eccentricity found is an interesting fact. On the other hand, we measured the projected rotational velocity of both components and we conclude that the primary is not synchronized with orbital motion.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures. Accepted by New Astronomy
Wormholes from Averaging over States
Creators: name: Freivogel, Ben
name: Nikolakopoulou, Dora
name: Rotundo, Antonio F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important question about black holes is to what extent a typical pure state differs from the ensemble average. We show that this question can be answered within semi-classical gravity. We focus on the quantum deviation, which measures the fluctuations in the expectation value of an operator in an ensemble of pure states. For a large class of ensembles and observables, these fluctuations are calculated by a correlation function in the eternal black hole background, which can be reliably calculated within semi-classical gravity. This implements the idea of [arXiv:2002.02971] that wormholes can arise from averages over states rather than theories. As an application, we calculate the size of the long-time correlation function $\langle A(t) A(0)\rangle$.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor corrections added, accepted for publication in SciPost
What's Inside the Cone? Numerically reconstructing the metric from observations
Creators: name: Bester, Hertzog L.
name: Larena, Julien
name: van der Walt, Petrus J.
name: Bishop, Nigel T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of using Gaussian process regression to smooth data on the current past null-cone for use as the input to a relativistic integration scheme. The algorithm we present is designed to reconstruct the metric of spacetime within the class of spherically symmetric dust universes, with or without a cosmological constant. Assuming that gravity is well described by General Relativity, we demonstrate how the algorithm can be employed to test the Copernican principle based on currently available observations. It is shown that currently available data is not sufficient for a conclusive result. The intrinsic noise present in realistic data presents a challenge for our smoothing algorithm and we discuss some of its limitations as well as possible extensions to it. We conclude by demonstrating how a direct determination of the cosmological constant is possible using redshift drift data.
description: 29 pages, 9 figures, published version
Additional file 1 of An ex-ante cost-utility analysis of the deemed consent legislation compared to expressed consent for kidney transplantations in Nova Scotia
Creators: name: Koto, Prosper
name: Tennankore, Karthik
name: Vinson, Amanda
name: Krmpotic, Kristina
name: Weiss, Matthew J.
name: Theriault, Chris
name: Beed, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Cost-effectiveness analysis results for various changes in deceased donor kidney transplantation probability. Table S2. Cost-effectiveness analyses result for various percentage changes in living donor kidney transplantation probability, assuming a 1% increase in deceased donor kidney transplantation probability. Table S3. Cost-effectiveness analyses result for various percentage changes in living donor kidney transplantation probability, assuming a 26% increase in deceased donor kidney transplantation probability. Figure S1. Cost-effectiveness acceptability curve for a 26% increase in deceased donor kidney transplantation probability. Figure S2. Cost-effectiveness plane for a 26% increase in deceased donor kidney transplantation probability. Figure S3. The sensitivity of ICUR to changes in dialysis and maintenance immunosuppressant drug costs for a 26% increase in deceased donor KT probability. ICUR, incremental cost-utility ratio; QALY, quality-adjusted life-year; WTP, willingness to pay; KT, kidney transplantation; HD, hemodialysis; PD, peritoneal dialysis; EV expected value.
A local normal form for Hamiltonian actions of compact semisimple Poisson-Lie groups
Creators: name: Harada, Megumi
name: Lane, Jeremy
name: Patterson, Aidan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 53D20, Secondary: 53D17

description: The main contribution of this manuscript is a local normal form for Hamiltonian actions of Poisson-Lie groups $K$ on a symplectic manifold equipped with an $AN$-valued moment map, where $AN$ is the dual Poisson-Lie group of $K$. Our proof uses the delinearization theorem of Alekseev which relates a classical Hamiltonian action of $K$ with $\mathfrak{k}^*$-valued moment map to a Hamiltonian action with an $AN$-valued moment map, via a deformation of symplectic structures. We obtain our main result by proving a ``delinearization commutes with symplectic quotients'' theorem which is also of independent interest, and then putting this together with the local normal form theorem for classical Hamiltonian actions wtih $\mathfrak{k}^*$-valued moment maps. A key ingredient for our main result is the delinearization $\mathcal{D}(ω_{can})$ of the canonical symplectic structure on $T^*K$, so we additionally take some steps toward explicit computations of $\mathcal{D}(ω_{can})$. In particular, in the case $K=SU(2)$, we obtain explicit formulas for the matrix coefficients of $\mathcal{D}(ω_{can})$ with respect to a natural choice of coordinates on $T^*SU(2)$.
description: 23 pages
Observation and characterization of chimera states in coupled dynamical systems with nonlocal coupling
Creators: name: Gopal, R.
name: Chandrasekar, V. K.
name: Venkatesan, A.
name: Lakshmanan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By developing the concepts of strength of incoherence and discontinuity measure, we show that a distinct quantitative characterization of chimera and multichimera states which occur in networks of coupled nonlinear dynamical systems admitting nonlocal interactions of finite radius can be made. These measures also clearly distinguish between chimera or multichimera states (both stable and breathing types) and coherent and incoherent as well as cluster states....
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E: revised and enlarged, including supplementary materials in the main text, and additional references and changes in the Introduction to the previous version arxiv
Additional file 1 of Analysis of state portrayals of the risks of e-cigarette use and the cause of the EVALI outbreak
Creators: name: Katchmar, Amanda
name: Shafer, Paul
name: Siegel, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1. This file includes results of a parallel-trends test and a table with the availability of state department of health websites at each time point.
ModMax meets Susy
Creators: name: Bandos, Igor
name: Lechner, Kurt
name: Sorokin, Dmitri
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a prescription for N=1 supersymmetrization of any (four-dimensional) nonlinear electrodynamics theory with a Lagrangian density satisfying a convexity condition that we relate to semi-classical unitarity. We apply it to the one-parameter ModMax extension of Maxwell electrodynamics that preserves both electromagnetic duality and conformal invariance, and its Born-Infeld-like generalization, proving that duality invariance is preserved. We also establish superconformal invariance of the superModMax theory by showing that its coupling to supergravity is super-Weyl invariant. The higher-derivative photino-field interactions that appear in any supersymmetric nonlinear electrodynamics theory are removed by an invertible nonlinear superfield redefinition.
description: 36 pp. v3 includes further minor corrections and clarifications
Canadian Gallup Poll # 477-4
Creators: name: Canadian Institute Of Public Opinion (Gallup)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Federal election vote intent(1); past federal elections vote(1); quality of cars made in North America(2); legalizing status of illegal immigrants in Canada(1); criminal charges for 'computer hacking'(3); nuclear power generation(2); economic outlook(2); church/synagogue attendance(2); people's hobbies(2). Note: Demographics(17).
Detailed study of HWP non-idealities and their impact on future measurements of CMB polarization anisotropies from space
Creators: name: Giardiello, Serena
name: Gerbino, Martina
name: Pagano, Luca
name: Errard, Josquin
name: Gruppuso, Alessandro
name: Ishino, Hirokazu
name: Lattanzi, Massimiliano
name: Natoli, Paolo
name: Patanchon, Guillaume
name: Piacentini, Francesco
name: Pisano, Giampaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of a specific class of instrumental systematics to the reconstruction of the B-mode power spectrum of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We focus on the non-idealities of the half-wave plate (HWP), a polarization modulator that is to be deployed by future CMB experiments, such as the phase-A satellite mission LiteBIRD. We study the effects of non-ideal HWP properties, such as transmittance, phase shift, and cross-polarization. To this end, we developed a simple, yet stand-alone end-to-end simulation pipeline adapted to LiteBIRD. We analyzed the effects of a possible mismatch between the measured frequency profiles of HWP properties (used in the mapmaking stage of the pipeline) and the actual profiles (used in the sky-scanning step). We simulated single-frequency, CMB-only observations to emphasize the effects of non-idealities on the BB power spectrum. We also considered multi-frequency observations to account for the frequency dependence of HWP properties and the contribution of foreground emission. We quantified the systematic effects in terms of a bias $Δr$ on the tensor-to-scalar ratio, $r$, with respect to the ideal case without systematic effects. We derived the accuracy requirements on the measurements of HWP properties by requiring $Δr < 10^{-5}$ (1% of the expected LiteBIRD sensitivity on $r$). Our analysis is introduced by a detailed presentation of the mathematical formalism employed in this work, including the use of the Jones and Mueller matrix representations.
description: Published in Astronomy&Astrophysics, Volume 658 - Year 2022 / A15
PENGEMBANGAN LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS) MATEMATIKA BERBASIS LEARNING CYCLE 5E PADA MATERI LINGKARAN KELAS VIII MTs MARDATILLAH BUKIT KANDUNG
Creators: name: Ramzil Huda Zarista (RHZ)
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Pengembangan
Les nouvelles possibilités offertes par la 5G. Vers une connectivité ambiante pour une société digitale
Creators: name: Schwoerer, Jean
name: Hardouin, Eric
name: Duprez, Marion
name: Gallard, Christian
name: Gati, Azzedine
name: Pierre-Yves Le Lann
Publisher: name: SEE
Year: 2018

Abstract
Growth of Jupiter: Enhancement of Core Accretion by a Voluminous Low-Mass Envelope
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Gennaro
name: Weidenschilling, Stuart J.
name: Lissauer, Jack J.
name: Bodenheimer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the early stages of the formation of Jupiter via core nucleated accretion and gas capture. The core begins as a seed body of about 350 kilometers in radius and orbits in a swarm of planetesimals whose initial radii range from 15 meters to 50 kilometers. The evolution of the swarm accounts for growth and fragmentation, viscous and gravitational stirring, and for drag-assisted migration and velocity damping. During this evolution, less than 9% of the mass is in planetesimals smaller than 1 kilometer in radius; < ~25% is in planetesimals with radii between 1 and 10 kilometers; and < ~7% is in bodies with radii larger than 100 kilometers. Gas capture by the core substantially enhances the size-dependent cross-section of the planet for accretion of planetesimals. The calculation of dust opacity in the planet's envelope accounts for coagulation and sedimentation of dust particles released as planetesimals are ablated. The calculation is carried out at an orbital semi-major axis of 5.2 AU and the initial solids' surface density is 10 g/cm^2 at that distance. The results give a core mass of nearly 7.3 Earth masses (Mearth) and an envelope mass of approximately 0.15 Mearth after about 4e5 years, at which point the envelope growth rate surpasses that of the core. The same calculation without the envelope yields a core of only about 4.4 Mearth.
description: Published in the journal Icarus. Final version
Simple expressions for second order density perturbations in standard cosmology
Creators: name: Uggla, Claes
name: Wainwright, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present four simple expressions for the relativistic first and second order fractional density perturbations for $Λ$CDM cosmologies in different gauges: the Poisson, uniform curvature, total matter and synchronous gauges. A distinctive feature of our approach is the use of a canonical set of quadratic differential expressions involving an arbitrary spatial function, the so-called comoving curvature perturbation, to describe the spatial dependence, which enables us to unify, simplify and extend previous seemingly disparate results. The simple structure of the expressions makes the evolution of the density perturbations completely transparent and clearly displays the effect of the cosmological constant on the dynamics, namely that it stabilizes the perturbations. We expect that the results will be useful in applications, for example, studying the effects of primordial non-Gaussianity on the large scale structure of the universe.
description: 9 pages; some simplifications and notational changes
Absence of thermalization of free systems coupled to gapped interacting reservoirs
Creators: name: Ljubotina, Marko
name: Roy, Dibyendu
name: Prosen, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the thermalization of a small $XX$ chain coupled to long, gapped $XXZ$ leads at either side by observing the relaxation dynamics of the whole system. Using extensive tensor network simulations, we show that such systems, although not integrable, appear to show either extremely slow thermalization or even lack thereof since the two can not be distinguished within the accuracy of our numerics. We show that the persistent oscillations observed in the spin current in the middle of the $XX$ chain are related to eigenstates of the entire system located within the gap of the boundary chains. We find from exact diagonalization that some of these states remain strictly localized within the $XX$ chain and do not hybridize with the rest of the system. The frequencies of the persistent oscillations determined by numerical simulations of dynamics match the energy differences between these states exactly. This has important implications for open systems, where the strongly interacting leads are often assumed to thermalize the central system. Our results suggest that if we employ gapped systems for the leads, this assumption does not hold; this finding is particularly relevant to any potential future experimental studies of open quantum systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 1 of Microbiome-driven breeding strategy potentially improves beef fatty acid profile benefiting human health and reduces methane emissions
Creators: name: Martínez-Álvaro, Marina
name: Mattock, Jennifer
name: Auffret, Marc
name: Weng, Ziqing
name: Duthie, Carol-Anne
name: Dewhurst, Richard J.
name: Cleveland, Matthew A.
name: Watson, Mick
name: Roehe, Rainer
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of N3 and CLA fatty acid indices in beef in our population. N3 index estimated as the natural logarithm of the ratio between C18:3n-3 + C20:5n-3 + C22:5n-3 + C22:6n-3 and C12:0 + C14:0 + C16:0. CLA index estimated as the natural logarithm of the ratio between cis-9, trans-11 C18:2 + trans-11 C18:1 and C12:0 + C14:0 + C16:0. Values are corrected by breed, diet and experiment combined effect. Figure S2. Selection of the microbial gene ribulose-phosphate 3-epimerase [EC:5.1.3.1] (rpe, KEGG code K01783) - highlighted in red - as a denominator for additive log-ratio transformation based on a balance between maximal Procrustes correlation with the complete pairwise log-ratio geometry and minimal log-ratio variance. Figure S3. Pipeline of the statistical analysis followed in the study. HGFC: host-genomically influenced functional core microbiome; MG: additive log-ratio transformed microbial gene abundances, h2: heritability estimate; CH4: methane: EBVs: host genomic breeding values; i: selection intensity.
Learning Two-input Linear and Nonlinear Analog Functions with a Simple Chemical System
Creators: name: Banda, Peter
name: Teuscher, Christof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The current biochemical information processing systems behave in a predetermined manner because all features are defined during the design phase. To make such unconventional computing systems reusable and programmable for biomedical applications, adaptation, learning, and self-modification based on external stimuli would be highly desirable. However, so far, it has been too challenging to implement these in wet chemistries. In this paper we extend the chemical perceptron, a model previously proposed by the authors, to function as an analog instead of a binary system. The new analog asymmetric signal perceptron learns through feedback and supports Michaelis-Menten kinetics. The results show that our perceptron is able to learn linear and nonlinear (quadratic) functions of two inputs. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first simulated chemical system capable of doing so. The small number of species and reactions and their simplicity allows for a mapping to an actual wet implementation using DNA-strand displacement or deoxyribozymes. Our results are an important step toward actual biochemical systems that can learn and adapt.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Non-equilibrium transport through a Josephson quantum dot
Creators: name: Rentrop, Jan F.
name: Jakobs, Severin G.
name: Meden, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic current through a quantum dot coupled to two superconducting leads which is driven by either a voltage $V$ or temperature $ΔT$ bias. Finite biases beyond the linear response regime are considered. The local two-particle interaction $U$ on the dot is treated using an approximation scheme within the functional renormalization group approach set up in Keldysh-Nambu-space with $U$ being the small parameter. For $V>0$ we compare our renormalization group enhanced results for the dc-component of the current to earlier weak coupling approaches such as the Hartree-Fock approximation and second order perturbation theory in $U$. We show that in parameter regimes in which finite bias driven multiple Andreev reflections prevail small $|U|$ approaches become unreliable for interactions of appreciable strength. In the complementary regime the convergence of the current with respect to numerical parameters becomes an issue - but can eventually be achieved - and interaction effects turn out to be smaller then expected based on earlier results. For $ΔT>0$ we find a surprising increase of the current as a function of the superconducting phase difference in the regime which at $T=0$ becomes the $π$ (doublet) phase.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Rapidly-Evolving and Luminous Transients from Pan-STARRS1
Creators: name: Drout, M. R.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Soderberg, A. M.
name: Sanders, N. E.
name: McKinnon, R.
name: Rest, A.
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Milisavljevic, D.
name: Margutti, R.
name: Berger, E.
name: Calkins, M.
name: Fong, W.
name: Gezari, S.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Kankare, E.
name: Kirshner, R. P.
name: Leibler, C.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Mattila, S.
name: Marion, G. H.
name: Narayan, G.
name: Riess, A. G.
name: Roth, K. C.
name: Scolnic, D.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Burgett, W. S.
name: Chambers, K. C.
name: Hodapp, K. W.
name: Jedicke, R.
name: Kaiser, N.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Metcalfe, N.
name: Morgan, J. S.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Waters, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, several rapidly-evolving transients have been discovered whose timescales and luminosities are not easily explained by traditional supernovae (SN) models. The sample size of these objects has remained small due, at least in part, to the challenge of detecting short timescale transients with traditional survey cadences. Here we present the results from a search within the Pan-STARRS1 Medium Deep Survey (PS1-MDS) for rapidly-evolving and luminous transients. We identify 10 new transients with a time above half-maximum of less than 12 days and -16.5 > M > -20 mag. This increases the number of known events in this region of SN phase space by roughly a factor of three. The median redshift of the PS1-MDS sample is z=0.275 and they all exploded in star forming galaxies. In general, the transients possess faster rise than decline timescale and blue colors at maximum light (g - r < -0.2). Best fit blackbodies reveal photospheric temperatures/radii that expand/cool with time and explosion spectra taken near maximum light are dominated by a blue continuum, consistent with a hot, optically thick, ejecta. We find it difficult to reconcile the short timescale, high peak luminosity (L > 10^43 erg/s), and lack of UV line blanketing observed in many of these transients with an explosion powered mainly by the radioactive decay of Ni-56. Rather, we find that many are consistent with either (1) cooling envelope emission from the explosion of a star with a low-mass extended envelope which ejected very little (<0.03 M_sun) radioactive material, or (2) a shock breakout within a dense, optically thick, wind surrounding the progenitor star. After calculating the detection efficiency for objects with rapid timescales in the PS1-MDS we find a volumetric rate of 4800 - 8000 events/yr/Gpc^3 (4-7% of the core-collapse SN rate at z=0.2).
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ
Nonvolatile bistable memory and Ising machine based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical Systems
Creators: name: Ezawa, Motohiko
name: Lebrasseur, Eric
name: Mita, Yoshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an Ising machine made of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS), where the annealing process is automatically executed by a dissipation mechanism. The core structure is a series of buckled plates. Two stable positions of each plate (left and right) represent its binary state acting as a bit so that a plate works as a mechanical memory. The electrostatic interaction between adjacent plates is introduced by applying voltage. Plates continue to flip between two stable buckled positions until the series of plates reaches a local minimum due to the damping of the mechanical motion. \red{First, we design Ising machines simulating a ferromagnetic (FM) interaction and an antiferromagnetic (AF) interaction separately. Then, we propose a fully-connected MEMS\ network representing a coexistence system of FM and AF interactions in an arbitrary way, by way of which an arbitrary combinatorial problem described by the Ising model can be solved.} The present mechanism works at room temperature without external magnetic field, which is very different from the standard classical or quantum annealing mechanism.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures
Robust quantum gates for singlet-triplet spin qubits using composite pulses
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Bishop, Lev S.
name: Barnes, Edwin
name: Kestner, J. P.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive theoretical treatment of SUPCODE, a method for generating dynamically corrected quantum gate operations, which are immune to random noise in the environment, by using carefully designed sequences of soft pulses. SUPCODE enables dynamical error suppression even when the control field is constrained to be positive and uniaxial, making it particularly suited to counteracting the effects of noise in systems subject to these constraints such as singlet-triplet qubits. We describe and explain in detail how to generate SUPCODE pulse sequences for arbitrary single-qubit gates and provide several explicit examples of sequences that implement commonly used gates, including the single-qubit Clifford gates. We develop sequences for noise-resistant two-qubit gates for two exchanged-coupled singlet-triplet qubits by cascading robust single-qubit gates, leading to a 35% reduction in gate time compared to previous works. This cascade approach can be scaled up to produce gates for an arbitrary-length spin qubit array, and is thus relevant to scalable quantum computing architectures. To more accurately describe real spin qubit experiments, we show how to design sequences that incorporate additional features and practical constraints such as sample-specific charge noise models and finite pulse rise times. We provide a detailed analysis based on randomized benchmarking to show how SUPCODE gates perform under realistic $1/f^α$ noise and find a strong dependence of gate fidelity on the exponent $α$, with best performance for $α>1$. Our SUPCODE sequences can therefore be used to implement robust universal quantum computation while accommodating the fundamental constraints and experimental realities of singlet-triplet qubits.
description: 22+ pages, 15 figures
Synthetic Geometry in Hyperbolic Simplices
Creators: name: Clickard, Andrew
name: Minemyer, Barry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 51K10, 53A35, 51F99, 51M10

description: Let $τ$ be an $n$-simplex and let $g$ be a metric on $τ$ with constant curvature $κ$. The lengths that $g$ assigns to the edges of $τ$, along with the value of $κ$, uniquely determine all of the geometry of $(τ, g)$. In this paper we focus on hyperbolic simplices ($κ= -1$) and develop geometric formulas which rely only on the edge lengths of $τ$. Our main results are distance and projection formulas in hyperbolic simplices, as well as a projection formula in Euclidean simplices. We also provide analogous formulas in simplices with arbitrary constant curvature $κ$.
Languages of lossless seeds
Creators: name: Břinda, Karel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Several algorithms for similarity search employ seeding techniques to quickly discard very dissimilar regions. In this paper, we study theoretical properties of lossless seeds, i.e., spaced seeds having full sensitivity. We prove that lossless seeds coincide with languages of certain sofic subshifts, hence they can be recognized by finite automata. Moreover, we show that these subshifts are fully given by the number of allowed errors k and the seed margin l. We also show that for a fixed k, optimal seeds must asymptotically satisfy l ~ m^(k/(k+1)).
description: In Proceedings AFL 2014, arXiv:1405.5272