cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Necessary and Sufficient Conditions for Extended Noncontextuality in a Broad Class of Quantum Mechanical Systems
Creators: name: Kujala, Janne V.
name: Dzhafarov, Ehtibar N.
name: Larsson, Jan-Åke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81P13, 81Q99, 60A99

description: The notion of (non)contextuality pertains to sets of properties measured one subset (context) at a time. We extend this notion to include so-called inconsistently connected systems, in which the measurements of a given property in different contexts may have different distributions, due to contextual biases in experimental design or physical interactions (signaling): a system of measurements has a maximally noncontextual description if they can be imposed a joint distribution on in which the measurements of any one property in different contexts are equal to each other with the maximal probability allowed by their different distributions. We derive necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of such a description in a broad class of systems including Klyachko-Can-Binicioğlu-Shumvosky-type (KCBS), EPR-Bell-type, and Leggett-Garg-type systems. Because these conditions allow for inconsistent connectedness, they are applicable to real experiments. We illustrate this by analyzing an experiment by Lapkiewicz and colleagues aimed at testing contextuality in a KCBS-type system.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett. 115, 150401 (2015)
title: Tangible imaginations: community, print culture, and American identity in Philadelphia, 1764 - 1776
Creators: name: O'Donnell, Angel-Luke
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: My doctoral project examines the role that serials and printed ephemera played in animating ordinary Philadelphians into revolutionary action. I am interested in the intellectual life of historically inarticulate peoples, and I argue that the moments of intersection between crowds and texts recorded how American colonists contributed their own thoughts toward erudite theories surrounding representative government, liberty, and commercial networks. The central research question asks: what role did texts play in the transformation of British subjects into dissident Americans? Where earlier studies of the Revolution have emphasized either radical argumentation or revolutionary activity, I show how the material text functioned as a vital intermediary by creating a persuasive ideal of the American identity through the physical ubiquity of colonial prints, the distillation of printed ideas into imitable action, the reiteration of instructive texts through public performances, and a consistent message across all media of the virtue and necessity of an American community. In so doing, the thesis no less crucially explores print materials and modes of reader reception deemed relatively inaccessible in previous studies of reading in America. The project concludes by looking forward toward the sectionalism of the nineteenth century arguing that print created a perception of unity without a meaningful unification of the divergent regional practices.
On Seshadri constants of varieties with large fundamental group
Creators: name: Di Cerbo, Gabriele
name: Di Cerbo, Luca F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X$ be a smooth variety and let $L$ be an ample line bundle on $X$. If $π^{alg}_{1}(X)$ is large, we show that the Seshadri constant $ε(p^{*}L)$ can be made arbitrarily large by passing to a finite étale cover $p:X'\rightarrow X$. This result answers affirmatively a conjecture of J.-M. Hwang. Moreover, we prove an analogous result when $π_{1}(X)$ is large and residually finite. Finally, under the same topological assumptions, we appropriately generalize these results to the case of big and nef line bundles. More precisely, given a big and nef line bundle $L$ on $X$ and a positive number $N>0$, we show that there exists a finite étale cover $p: X'\rightarrow X$ such that the Seshadri constant $ε(p^{*}L; x)\geq N$ for any $x\notin p^{*}\textbf{B}_{+}(L)=\textbf{B}_{+}(p^{*}L)$, where $\textbf{B}_{+}(L)$ is the augmented base locus of $L$.
description: Final version
title: Carboxylesterase 1 genetic variability, expression and potential for drug-drug interations
Creators: name: Sánchez Pascua, Teresa
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Carboxylesterase 1 (CES1) is the main human liver esterase and is involved in the metabolism and disposition of numerous endogenous and pharmacological compounds. Some of the substrates of this enzyme are widely prescribed agents such as clopidogrel (Plavix®), methylphenidate (Ritalin®) and oseltamivir (Tamiflu®). However, there is much uncertainty regarding the genetic variability within CES1, and its regulation and involvement in drug-drug interactions (DDI). Polypharmacy is frequent in elderly, HIV and tuberculosis infected populations, and the risk of harmful DDIs is high, especially when these populations overlap. The role played by CES1 on the treatment of all these three pathologies and vice versa needs to be better characterized. In this thesis the role of CES1 genetic variability and its potential role in DDIs are explored both in isolation and in conjunction with other genetic, demographic, physio-pathological and iatrogenic factors. The impact of CES1 genetic variability was assessed on the anti-platelet effect of clopidogrel as well as on isoniazid pharmacokinetics in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and HIV/Tuberculosis co-infected populations respectively. DDIs mediated by CES1 were explored in a HIV positive cohort treated with clopidogrel and non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). Also, in vitro experiments with primary hepatocytes were used to investigate CES1 intracellular expression in the presence of prototypical PXR inducers used in tuberculosis treatment. The results of this thesis show that the CES1 rs2244613 SNP does affect clopidogrel anti-aggregant activity and may contribute to treatment non-response. Another CES1 variant, rs3815583, was found to be associated with changes in isoniazid pharmacokinetics. The studies did not indicate that NNRTI coadministration with clopidogrel would impair the anti-platelet activity since no relevant changes in exposure of the antiplatelet agent were identified. In the same way, the results do not anticipate DDIs between CES1 substrates and rifamycins, since no induction of expression was identified after incubating primary human hepatocytes in vitro with rifampicin, rifabutin and rifapentine. In conclusion, the results shown in this thesis support the idea that CES1 genetic variability may play a bigger role than previously suspected in treatment response but may not be a mediator of clinically relevant DDIs.
Cognitive dysfunction in patients with primary adrenal insufficiency: A systematic review
Creators: name: Ramos-Leví, Ana M.
name: Cañada, Emma
name: Matias-Guiu, Jordi A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: Addison’s disease (AD) entails a chronic insufficient production of gluco- and mineralocorticoids. Fatigue and decreased quality of life are frequently reported symptoms, but little is known about its effects on cognition. This study aims to explore the existence of cognitive impairment in patients with AD and the influence of treatment regimens. We conducted a systematic review. Inclusion criteria were met by 10 articles, most of them ranked as intermediate quality. Three studies analyzed the relationship between AD and cognitive impairment; one explored the effect of delaying treatment showing no effect on cognitive performance, and another one studied the effect of fludrocortisone treatment. Episodic memory was the most frequent cognitive domain impaired across studies, in comparison to healthy controls. Two papers investigated the relationship between impaired sleep quality and poor cognitive performance. Two studies related cognitive impairments with hypocortisolism-derived brain neuroglycopenia. Two studies investigated the effect of DHEA substitution. In conclusion, patients exhibit a moderately reduced performance in verbal learning. The pathophysiology of this impairment is likely multifactorial. Future studies should include larger sample sizes, the use of comprehensive and multi-domain neuropsychological and behavioral protocols, and neuroimaging.
title: Quantitative Proteomics Strategies To Explore The Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteome
Creators: name: Woolerton, Yvonne
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: Quantitative proteomics aims at not just identifying, but accurately quantifying the cellular proteome, and while technological advances towards accurate and reliable quantification of proteins is advancing, this alone does not provide an accurate picture of a proteins role within a cell. There is a far greater level of functionality in the cellular environment than there are protein coding genes in the genome, owing partly to the organisation of individual proteins into larger assemblies. A single protein can form interactions with, potentially, a large number of other proteins, leading to a variety of different protein complexes, and subunits can move, break apart or combine depending on cellular conditions. This complex organisation is despite the normal proteomics strategies employing a destructive process, breaking protein structure down to the peptide level. Further difficulties in mapping the cellular proteome arise from the differential expression level of proteins, which in S.cerevisiae can span up to 5 orders of magnitude. This poses problems for the quantification of less abundant proteins in the cell, which can be masked by the more concentrated proteins. An attempt is made within this thesis to use quantitative proteomic techniques to build a picture of the S.cerevisiae cellular proteome. For the analysis of S.cerevisiae protein complexes ion exchange chromatography has been used to separate the cellular proteome into discrete fractions, each containing a different array of protein complexes. The aim here was to analyse the individual subunits of these complexes by LC-MS, with the use of label free quantification strategies. This enables the high throughput identification and quantification of 1800 proteins along with their potential interaction partners. However, for some of the complexes presented here the accuracy of the label free quantification is called into question, as complex subunits known to be equimolar are identified at different concentrations. In order to assess the accuracy of the label free data QconCATs were also designed to analyse the subunits of some complexes by label mediated quantification. In addition, an attempt is made to access proteins from the entire dynamic range of the cellular proteome using equaliser bead technology. This method uses a library of hexapeptide ligands bound to porous beads to bind, theoretically, every protein present in the sample to equal amounts. The beads are used here to bring up the less abundant proteins in the sample, while simultaneously reducing the amount of the abundant proteins. While this goal is achieved, it is also evident that certain proteins are able to bind the beads to a much larger extent than others, so rather than reducing the dynamic range of proteins identified, there is more of a shift in the dynamics, with previously mid-range proteins becoming highly abundant in the data presented here.
Thermal treatment of faba bean for flavour improvement
Creators: name: Sontag-Strohm, Tuula
name: Stoddard, Frederick
name: Schauman, Casimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: food processing
Legumes
faba bean

description: There is more to the potential food use of faba bean than meets the eye. The functional ingredients produced from the bean itself, such as flour or protein isolate and concentrate, can be used to make pasta, crackers, flakes, mayonnaise and dairy or meat analogues. Nevertheless, the use of faba bean in the food industry remains low, especially compared to soy. There is renewed interest in using faba beans in dairy-type aqueous processes. The constraint is the beany off-flavours (also known as aokusami) found in legumes. This unwanted flavour is caused by the action of certain enzymes on fats. It can be controlled by gentle heat treatment that denatures the enzymes without greatly affecting the properties of the other proteins. Value chains that incorporate steps for denaturing the enzyme activity are able to offer a product of higher quality with fewer off-flavour compounds.
description: Note: the license does not extend to the featured images.
Thermoelectric conductivities, shear viscosity, and stability in an anisotropic linear axion model
Creators: name: Ge, Xian-Hui
name: Ling, Yi
name: Niu, Chao
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study thermoelectric conductivities and shear viscosities in a holographically anisotropic model, which is dual to a spatially anisotropic $\mathcal{N}=4$ super-Yang-Mills theory at finite chemical potential. Momentum relaxation is realized through perturbing the linear axion field. Ac conductivity exhibits a coherent/incoherent metal transition. Deviations from the Wiedemann-Franz law are also observed in our model. The longitudinal shear viscosity for prolate anisotropy violates the bound conjectured by Kovtun-Son-Starinets. We also find that thermodynamic and dynamical instabilities are not always equivalent by examining the Gubser-Mitra conjecture.
description: title changed, 31 pages, many figures, references added, PRD in press
Extremal Radii, Diameter, and Minimum Width in Generalized Minkowski Spaces
Creators: name: Jahn, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52A21, 52A27, 52A40

description: We discuss the notions of circumradius, inradius, diameter, and minimum width in generalized Minkowski spaces (that is, with respect to gauges), i.e., we measure the "size" of a given convex set in a finite-dimensional real vector space with respect to another convex set. This is done via formulating some kind of containment problem incorporating homothetic bodies of the latter set or strips bounded by parallel supporting hyperplanes thereof. The paper can be seen as a theoretical starting point for studying metrical problems of sets in generalized Minkowski spaces.
description: v3: same as v2, added journal reference and DOI, deleted previous comment in order to avoid confusion
title: Functional aligned porous materials via directional freezing and frozen UV initiated polymerization
Creators: name: Barrow, Michael
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: The work in this thesis is split into three experimental chapters: The first section involves the development of the directional freezing and frozen polymerization method to prepare crosslinked aligned porous polymers with improved mechanical stability. Monomer solutions were directionally frozen in liquid nitrogen to orientate the growth of solvent crystals and the frozen samples are polymerized by UV irradiation. The solvent is removed under vacuum at room temperature to produce aligned porous structure. The mechanical stability is improved by two orders of magnitude compared to the usually freeze-dried porous materials. The materials are modified with graphene and a conducting polymer to make conducting monoliths, whilst maintaining the aligned porous structure. The aligned porous monolith is also assessed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), showing fast separation of hydrocarbon compounds with low back-pressure. The second section uses directional freezing and frozen UV initiated polymerization to prepare aligned porous stimuli-responsive hydrogels. Oligo-ethylene glycol methacrylates and dimethylamino ethyl methacrylate monomers were used to produce temperature and pH-responsive hydrogels respectively. Aligned porous morphologies are observed in both dry and hydrated states. The hydrogels exhibit stimuli-responsive behaviour in aqueous conditions and anisotropic compressive strength and diffusion behaviour with respect to freezing direction. Section three uses directional freezing and frozen UV polymerization method to prepare aligned porous monoliths containing silica. The surface of the materials was post-functionalized to make two different types of aligned porous composites. Hydrothermal synthesis using Teflon lined autoclaves was used to functionalize monoliths separately with silver and metal organic frameworks (MOFs). The MOF composite materials were used as a stationary phase to try and separate a mixture of organic compounds.
Cuestionario de percepción social y actitud de las mujeres investigadoras y tecnólogas registradas en la base de datos de Científicas AMIT, con especial atención a su utilidad personal, profesional y labor de servicio público hacia la visibilidad de las mujeres en ciencia y tecnología en los medios de comunicación.
Creators: name: Patricia Sánchez Holgado
name: Laura Rodríguez Contreras
name: Maria José Higueras Ruiz
name: Santiago Lomas Martínez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Proyecto:

La presencia y visibilidad de las mujeres como fuente experta en ciencia y tecnología en los medios de comunicación en España

 

Objetivo:

Encuestar la percepción y las actitudes de las mujeres registradas en la base de datos de AMIT, con especial atención a su utilidad personal, profesional y labor de servicio público hacia la visibilidad de las mujeres en ciencia y tecnología en los medios de comunicación.
APPLICATION OF MANIFOLD EMBEDDING OF THE MOLECULAR SURFACE TO SOLID-STATE PROPERTY PREDICTION
Creators: name: Huls, Nicholas J
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 321405
subject: Pharmaceutical sciences

description:
The pharmaceutical industry depends on deeply understanding pharmaceutical excipients and active ingredients. The physicochemical properties must be sufficiently understood to create a safe and efficacious drug product. High-throughput methods have reduced the time and material required to measure many properties appropriately. However, some are more difficult to evaluate. One such property is solubility or the equilibrium dissolvable content of the material. Solubility is an essential factor in determining the bioavailability of an active ingredient and, therefore, directly impacts the effectiveness and marketability of the drug product.Solubility can be a challenging, time-consuming, material-intensive property to measure correctly. Due to the challenge associated with determining experimental values, researchers have devoted a significant amount of time toward the accurate prediction of solubility values of drug-like compounds. This remains a difficult task as there are two hurdles to overcome: data quality and specificity of molecular descriptors. Large databases of reliable solubility values have become more readily available in recent years, lowering the first barrier to more accurate solubility predictions. The second hurdle has proven more challenging to overcome. Advances in artificial intelligence (AI) have provided opportunities for improvement in estimations. Expressly, the subsets of machine learning and neural networks have provided the ability to evaluate vast quantities of data with relative ease. The remaining barrier arises from appropriately selecting AI techniques with descriptors that accurately describe relevant features. Although many attempts have been made, no single set of descriptors with either data-driven approaches or ab initio methods has accurately predicted solubility.The research within this dissertation focuses on an attempt to lower the second barrier to solubility prediction by starting with molecular features that are most important to solubility. By deriving molecular descriptors from the electronic properties on the surface of molecules, we obtain precise descriptions of the strength and locality of intermolecular interactions, critical factors in the extent of solubility. The novel molecular descriptors are readily integrated into a Deep-sets based Graph and Self-Attention Neural Network, which evaluates predictive performance. The findings of this research indicate significant improvement in predicting intrinsic solubility over other literature-reported methods.
Object Proposal with Kernelized Partial Ranking
Creators: name: Wang, Jing
name: Shen, Jie
name: Li, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Object proposals are an ensemble of bounding boxes with high potential to contain objects. In order to determine a small set of proposals with a high recall, a common scheme is extracting multiple features followed by a ranking algorithm which however, incurs two major challenges: {\bf 1)} The ranking model often imposes pairwise constraints between each proposal, rendering the problem away from an efficient training/testing phase; {\bf 2)} Linear kernels are utilized due to the computational and memory bottleneck of training a kernelized model. In this paper, we remedy these two issues by suggesting a {\em kernelized partial ranking model}. In particular, we demonstrate that {\bf i)} our partial ranking model reduces the number of constraints from $O(n^2)$ to $O(nk)$ where $n$ is the number of all potential proposals for an image but we are only interested in top-$k$ of them that has the largest overlap with the ground truth; {\bf ii)} we permit non-linear kernels in our model which is often superior to the linear classifier in terms of accuracy. For the sake of mitigating the computational and memory issues, we introduce a consistent weighted sampling~(CWS) paradigm that approximates the non-linear kernel as well as facilitates an efficient learning. In fact, as we will show, training a linear CWS model amounts to learning a kernelized model. Extensive experiments demonstrate that equipped with the non-linear kernel and the partial ranking algorithm, recall at top-$k$ proposals can be substantially improved.
Horseshoes for diffeormorphisms preserving hyperbolic measures
Creators: name: Gelfert, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E05, 37D25, 37D35, 37C45, 28D99

description: We give extensions of Katok's horseshoe constructions, comment on related results, and provide a self-contained proof. We consider either a $C^{1+α}$ diffeomorphism preserving a hyperbolic measure or a $C^1$ diffeomorphism preserving a hyperbolic measure whose support admits a dominated splitting.
description: final version, changed title
title: Investigating psychological processes in paranoia
Creators: name: Beck, Rosie
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: Theory and research in the field of persecutory beliefs have identified a number of important psychological processes involved in clinical and non-clinical paranoia. This dissertation set out to investigate some of these processes. Firstly, the empirical evidence for the distinction of 'Poor Me' and 'Bad Me' paranoia (Trower & Chadwick, 1995) was reviewed systematically. Secondly, an empirical study with two phases aimed to investigate the contribution of key processes to paranoia in clinical and non-clinical samples. Investigated factors were: anxiety, depression, anger, attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, deservedness, submissiveness, self-attacking, self-compassion and experiential avoidance. The review found the distinction of 'Poor Me' and 'Bad Me' paranoia to have some validity and clinical usefulness; however, as yet not all of the theoretical predictions have been borne out in the empirical literature. The importance of the role of deservedness and its measurement was discussed. A series of one-way ANCOVAs found levels of a number of processes to distinguish clinical and non-clinical paranoid groups. Hierarchical regression revealed experiential avoidance to be a significant predictor of paranoia in the final model. A concluding section synthesised these findings and consideration was given to future directions.
On a new incomplete Ricci-flat metric
Creators: name: Malkovich, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a system of ODE that gives Einstein 4-dimensional metrics. We found new Ricci-flat incomplete metric of cohomogeneity 1 in explicit formulas and study its characteristics.
The a-function for gauge theories
Creators: name: Jack, I.
name: Poole, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The a-function is a proposed quantity defined for quantum field theories which has a monotonic behaviour along renormalisation group flows, being related to the beta-functions via a gradient flow equation involving a positive definite metric. We construct the a-function at four loop order for a general gauge theory with fermions and scalars, using only one and two loop beta-functions; we are then able to provide a stringent consistency check on the general three-loop gauge beta-function. In the case of an N=1 supersymmetric gauge theory, we present a general condition on the chiral field anomalous dimension which guarantees an exact all-orders expression for the a-function; and we verify this up to fifth order (corresponding to the three-loop anomalous dimension).
description: 28 pages; uses axodraw; typos corrected, also some sign errors corrected in Sect 5
title: Exploring children’s exposure to household tobacco smoke in rural China
Creators: name: Mao, Aimei
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2013

description: Gender differences are marked in China in terms of smoking prevalence, with over half of Chinese adult men smoking while few women smoke. While studies have suggested that the women’s role be taken into account regarding anti-smoking initiatives, few in-depth studies have exclusively explored women’s constructions of their male family members’ smoking, particularly in rural contexts where smoking is rampant. Using a gender lens, the current study explores the role of mothers of young children to protect their children from exposure to SHS (Secondhand smoke). The study applies a micro-sociological approach using ethnography as the primary research methodology. Fieldwork for the study was conducted between November, 2008 and August, 2009 in a rural area of Central Jiangsu, China. Recruitment of the participants was guided by feminist theory about the values and limitations of the women’s experiences in constructing knowledge about their social life. While mothers of young children were the primary target participants, other family members were also recruited to complement the data from the mothers. In total 16 mothers of young children, four fathers, four grandfathers and five grandmothers were invited to participate in the study. In addition to field observations in home and public settings, interviews carried out with the 29 family members constituted a substantial part of the data. The study revealed that, while father’s smoking was a source of SHS exposure for children in their family, grandfathers’ smoking had become a more important source, posing challenges for mothers in their efforts to protect their children from SHS. Despite limited knowledge about the risks of tobacco smoke to their children’s health, mothers were highly motivated to reduce SHS for their children, who were generally the only child in the family as a result of the one-child policy. The initiation and selection of the strategies to reduce children’s SHS exposure were mediated by gender relationships between mothers and smokers. The lower status of women in the wider social structure, along with the broad acceptance of smoking in the social environment, further limited mothers’ agency in dealing with home smoking. This study calls for re-thinking of the development of home smoking control initiatives which rely solely on expectant/mothers’ roles because of their influence on men’s smoking. Interventions involving family members in a stronger position of power within the family, particularly the grandparents of children, can ease the moral pressure on young mothers to regulate men’s smoking and reduce the potential damage to family harmony caused by junior members’ confronting the smoking behaviours of patriarchal authorities in the family. Furthermore, policies are needed to tackle the pro-smoking culture in rural China.
Cavity Polariton Condensate in a Disordered Environment
Creators: name: Thunert, Martin
name: Janot, Alexander
name: Franke, Helena
name: Sturm, Chris
name: Michalsky, Tom
name: Martín, María Dolores
name: Viña, Luis
name: Rosenow, Bernd
name: Grundmann, Marius
name: Schmidt-Grund, Rüdiger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the influence of disorder on an exciton-polariton condensate in a ZnO based bulk planar microcavity and compare experimental results with a theoretical model for a non-equilibrium condensate. Experimentally, we detect intensity fluctuations within the far-field emission pattern even at high condensate densities which indicates a significant impact of disorder. We show that these effects rely on the driven dissipative nature of the condensate and argue that they can be accounted for by spatial phase inhomogeneities induced by disorder, which occur even for increasing condensate densities realized in the regime of high excitation power. Thus, non-equilibrium effects strongly suppress the stabilization of the condensate against disorder, contrarily to what is expected for equilibrium condensates in the high density limit. Numerical simulations based on our theoretical model reproduce the experimental data.
description: main article and supplementary, 13 pages, 8 figures (main article)
title: Automatic detection, sizing and characterisation of weld defects using ultrasonic time-of-flight diffraction
Creators: name: Al-Ataby, Ali
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2012

description: Ultrasonic time-of-flight diffraction (TOFD) is known as a reliable non-destructive testing technique for weld inspection in steel structures, providing accurate aw positioning and sizing. Despite all its good features, TOFD data interpretation and reporting are still performed manually by skilled inspectors and interpretation software operators. This is a cumbersome and error-prone process, leading to inevitable delay and inconsistency. The quality of the collected TOFD data is another issue that may introduce a host of error to the overall interpretation process. Manual interpretation focuses only on the compression waves portion of the collected TOFD data and overlooks the mode-converted waves region and considers it redundant. This region may provide useful and accurate aw sizing and classification information when there is uncertainty or ambiguity due to the nature of the collected data or the type of aw, and can reduce the number of supplementary (parallel) B-scans by utilising the (longitudinal) D-scans only. The automation of data processing in TOFD is required to minimise time and error and towards building a comprehensive computer-aided TOFD interpretation tool that can aid human operators. This project aims at proposing interpretation algorithms to size and characterise flaws automatically and accurately using data acquired from D-scans only. In order to achieve this, a number of novel data manipulation and processing techniques have been specifically developed and adapted to expose the information in the mode-converted waves region. In addition, several multi-resolution approaches employing the Wavelet transform and texture analysis have been used in aw detection and for de-noising and enhancing quality of the collected data. Performance of the developed algorithms and the results of their application have been promising in terms of speed, accuracy and consistency when compared to human interpretation by an expert operator, using the compression waves portion of the acquired data. This is expected to revolutionise the TOFD data interpretation and be in favour of a real-time processing of large volumes of data. It is highly anticipated that the research findings of this project will increase significantly the reliance on D-scans to obtain high sizing accuracy without the need to perform further B-scans. The overall inspection and interpretation time and cost will therefore be reduced significantly.
Fermions can also produce super-radiation phenomena
Creators: name: Chen, Wen-Xiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Fermions, superradiance, Wronskian determinant

description: According to traditional theory, the Fermions does not produce super radiation. If the boundary conditions are set in advance, the possibility is combined with the wave function of the coupling of the Fermions and Fermions can also produce super-radiation phenomena.This article proposes a new possibility that Fermions can produce superradiation phenomena. It implies that super radiation and boundary conditions have a broader research space.
title: Cluster and clash? everyday space and the butchers of late medieval Winchester, 1360-1420
Creators: name: Deering, Carly
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: This project focuses on the everyday relationship between people and the urban environment in the later middle ages. How do the spaces people create and inhabit on a daily basis shape their experience of the urban environment? How does the townscape influence the ways in which they operate? Focussing on the town of Winchester, c. 1360-1420, and the case study of the Winchester butchers, this project seeks to explore how this trade group interacted with the urban fabric. By the late medieval period, despite the contraction of the town the Winchester butchers were economically stable and operating in a key area of the marketplace. Various aspects of modern historiography describe butchers as marginalised, operating at the town limits and excluded from society. This project seeks to test this hypothesis on the Winchester case study. Using an innovative technological approach, this project explores how the use of 3D CAD modeling technology may help address these issues. By creating a 3D model of Winchester c.1417, it plots the butchers’ movements and activities in order to explore the key questions more thoroughly. In doing so, it is possible to see not only how the Winchester butchers interact with the rest of society, but also how they constantly negotiate and respond to their surrounding landscape. The use of such an approach assists in demonstrating that the apparent marginalisation of the Winchester butchers’ was complex. More broadly, this project reveals how such technological tools may help to explore the medieval urban fabric more deeply.
title: Probing the structure of the extracellular matrix using gold nanoparticle based single molecule microscopy
Creators: name: Nieves, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: The observation of single biomolecules via optical microscopy eliminates all the implicit averaging of ensemble techniques and thereby provides access to the heterogeneity of molecular systems that will be the key to at least some biological functions. The implementation of photothermal microscopy at the University of Liverpool to achieve the detection of single gold nanoparticles over long times at high signal-to-noise-ratio is presented here, along with the development of Photothermal Raster Image Correlation Spectroscopy, PhRICS. PhRICS was shown to be equally effective as Photothermal Absorption Correlation Spectroscopy, PhACS, in the determination of the hydrodynamic diameter of colloidal gold nanoparticles in solution. The use of gold nanoparticles as labels for biomolecules has been of great interest due to their favorable optical properties and surface chemistry. The development of a new strategy for the covalent biofunctionalisation of gold nanoparticles with a single maleimide group is described. Nanoparticles functionalised this way were used to label FGF-2 protein and heparin-derived oligosaccharides. Both the PhRICS and the new nanoparticles developed in this thesis are combined to investigate the heterogeneity of FGF binding to heparin-derived oligosaccharides and to HS in the pericellular matrix of Rama 27 fibroblasts. The cooperativity of the interaction of FGF-2 with a dodecasaccharide is investigated. Although oligomerization of FGF-2 on the dodecasaccharide is observed, it is not cooperative. The first photothermal imaging of FGF-1 in the pericellular matrix of Rama 27 fibroblasts reveals that its diffusion is quite different from FGF-2. Imaging of FGF-2 on live cells is also revisited and probed with PhRICS. In comparison to photothermal tracking, PhRICS indicates that FGF-2 diffuses faster than first thought, and that the pericellular matrix is remodeling at timescales much shorter than previously observed.
Geometry and arithmetic of primary Burniat surfaces
Creators: name: Bauer, Ingrid
name: Stoll, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J29, 14G05, 14G25, 14J10, 14J50, 14K12

description: We study the geometry and arithmetic of so-called primary Burniat surfaces, a family of surfaces of general type arising as smooth bidouble covers of a del Pezzo surface of degree 6 and at the same time as étale quotients of certain hypersurfaces in a product of three elliptic curves. We give a new explicit description of their moduli space and determine their possible automorphism groups. We also give an explicit description of the set of curves of geometric genus 1 on each primary Burniat surface. We then describe how one can try to obtain a description of the set of rational points on a given primary Burniat surface $S$ defined over $\mathbb Q$. This involves an explicit description of the relevant twists of the étale covering of $S$ coming from the second construction mentioned above and methods for finding the set of rational points on a given twist.
description: v3: Some changes following referee's suggestions; in particular, the title was changed and Section 2 was shortened. v2: added abstract and a paragraph at the beginning of the introduction, plus various minor edits. 35 pages, several figures, Mathematische Nachrichten 2017 (online)
Für die Familienpastoral
Creators: name: Ettel, Reinhold
name: Gastgeber, Karl
name: Richter, Klemens
name: Liss, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 11 Nr. 4 (1980): Diakonia, Band 11, Heft 4
Blockchain-Based Self-Sovereign Identity for Federated Learning in Vehicular Networks
Creators: name: Zeydan, E
name: Blanco, L
name: Mangues, J
name: Arslan, S
name: Turk, Y
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.
Year: 2023
Subjects: self-sovereign
digital identity
blockchain
federated learning
vehicular networks

description: Abstract not available
description: This work was partially funded by "ERDF A way of making Europe" project PID2021-126431OB-I00 and Spanish MINECO - Program UNICO I+D (grants TSI-063000-2021-54 and -55) Grant PID2021-126431OB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033.
title: Molecular and cellular mechanisms of nociception in equine laminitis: purinergic P2X receptors expression and distribution
Creators: name: Zamboulis, Danae
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2014

description: Equine laminitis manifests as a painful condition of the foot and is characterised by disruption of the dermo-epidermal lamellar bond within the equine hoof. Chronic pain in laminitis leads to debilitation and if unchecked euthanasia of the horse and is therefore a significant welfare issue for horses worlwide. P2X receptors are shown to have a pivotal role in pain pathways as well as other tissue functions making them attractive candidates for research in naturally occurring diseases such as equine laminitis. In this study, the presence and distribution of P2X receptors in tissues of the equine digit and its associated vasculature and innervation was investigated. The investigation was extended to tissues from horses suffering from naturally occurring chronic active lamintis in an attempt to identify changes in distribution or expression of the receptors in these tissues. Finally, the functionality of the P2X receptors expressed in equine nervous tissue was investigated. Gene expression (mRNA) for all seven receptors was found in the studied tissues and protein expression for P2X1-3 and 7 receptor subtype proteins in these tissues was confirmed with Western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical analysis of P2X1-3 and 7 receptor subtypes distribution showed differential cellular distribution within normal equine tissue and differential distribution and expression between normal and diseased tissues too. In particular, in a horse with shorter duration of chronic laminitis (1 month), P2X3 receptor subtype immunostaining in DRG neurons presented a marked increase in large neurons which coincided with a decrease in the proportion of these neurons in the DRG. Also, horses suffering from chronic laminitis displayed expression of P2X3 receptor subtype in smooth muscle cells of the palmar digital artery which was absent in normal horses. In chronic laminitic hooves, P2X7 receptor subtype showed particularly strong staining in partially keratinised cells. Finally, intracellular calcium measurements provided evidence for the presence of functional purinergic and P2X receptors in equine spinal cord and DRG cells, respectively. The expression of P2X receptor subtypes in key equine tissues for laminitis and chronic pain in laminitis and their differential expression in laminitic tissues highlights a potential role in chronic laminitis molecular mechanisms. Further research in this area may provide insights into putative targets for disease modulation and pain management in chronic laminitis and other conditions of the horse associated with chronic pain.
Higher-spin gravity as a theory on a fixed (anti) de Sitter background
Creators: name: Neiman, Yasha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Vasiliev's higher-spin gravity in 3+1d. We formulate the theory in the so-called compensator formalism, where the local isometry group SO(4,1) is reduced to the Lorentz group SO(3,1) by a choice of spacelike direction in an internal 4+1d space. We present a consistent extension of Vasiliev's equations that allows this internal direction to become spacetime-dependent. This allows a new point of view on the theory, where spacetime is identified with the de Sitter space of possible internal directions. We thus obtain an interacting theory of higher-spin massless gauge fields on a fixed, maximally symmetric background spacetime. We expect implications for the physical interpretation of higher-spin gravity, for the search for a Lagrangian formulation and/or quantization, as well as for higher-spin holography.
description: 17 pages + 3 pages of appendix; v2: generalized to include the full interaction ambiguity, added explicit analysis of the equations' consistency; v3: standardized normalization conventions between papers; v4: expanded the comparison with the standard Vasiliev equations by presenting an intermediate formulation
title: A supply chain management approach for home care re-ablement in the North West of England
Creators: name: Chamoun, Rachel
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2015

description: There are critical concerns regarding the current state of the adult social care system in England. A number of factors such as the steady increase in life expectancy, financial cutbacks, and growing inefficiencies within the current system highlight the need for major reform. The prevalence of our aging population is increasing, and the financial burden associated with care continues to rise. Both acute and long-term care are affected equally. These changes are placing significant strain on adult social care, prompting the need for management efficiencies and more transparent information flow to ensure the efficient and effective delivery of health and social care. A major focus on early intervention and prevention services, such as home care re-ablement, is important because of the cost implications associated with providing excellent care to older people whilst offering options where possible to improve quality of life and incorporate patient preference. To understand how improvements can be made to the current care system, evidence is drawn from case-study analysis of Wirral, Liverpool and Knowsley, along with an in-depth literature review. This thesis highlights a multitude of issues affecting adult social care. The most significant findings during data collection were the obvious similarities between supply chain theory and concepts within social care and home care re-ablement. Where applicable, supply chain principles can bridge the gap and facilitate more streamlined coordination spanning multiple care providers in the supply network and reduce redundancies in the operation design, planning and control processes. As supply chain theory is fundamental to many adjacent faculties, this thesis strongly supports its use and application to social care and re-ablement. Fundamental supply chain management principles are not new, yet application of them to adult social care is unconventional and innovative. Development of an appropriate supply chain management infrastructure is essential to dramatically re-shape the future of adult social care.
Lamplighter groups, de Bruijn graphs, spider-web graphs and their spectra
Creators: name: Grigorchuk, Rostislav
name: Leemann, Paul-Henry
name: Nagnibeda, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 97K30 (Primary), 60B10, 20E22 (Secondary)

description: We describe the infinite family of spider-web graphs $S_{k,M,N }$, $k \geq 2$, $M \geq 1$ and $N \geq 0$, studied in physical literature as tensor products of well-known de Brujin graphs $B_{k,N}$ and cyclic graphs $C_M$ and show that these graphs are Schreier graphs of the lamplighter groups $L_k = Z/kZ \wr Z$. This allows us to compute their spectra and to identify the infinite limit of $S_{k,M,N}$, as $N, M \to\infty$, with the Cayley graph of the lamplighter group $L_k$. This is the final version of the article, taking in account comments from the referees and with an extended introduction.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures