cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vertical and Lateral Facies Architecture of Levees and Their Genetically-Related Channels, Isaac Formation, Neoproterozoic Windermere Supergroup, Cariboo Mountains, B.C.
Creators: name: Bergen, Anika
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: sedimentology
stratigraphy
total organic carbon
deep marine levee deposits
Windermere Supergroup
deep marine channel deposits

description: At the Castle Creek study area, levee deposits are well-exposed over an area of ~2.6 km wide and ~90 m thick. This provides an opportunity to describe their lateral and vertical lithological changes, and accordingly details about their reservoir geometry and stratal continuity. Here, levee deposits are divided vertically into packages, each consisting of a sand-rich lower part overlain sharply by a mud-rich upper part. Each lower part displays a consistent thickening then thinning trend laterally away from its genetically related channel. The characteristics of these packages suggest that they were controlled by recurring changes in the structure of channellized flows, which in turn was controlled by grain size and grain sorting. This ultimately was controlled by short-term changes in relative sea level. Moreover, some mud- and sand-rich strata are rich in residual carbon suggesting that mid-fan levees can serve as source rocks for hydrocarbon generation, and also reservoirs.
Machine Learning Automated Approach for Enormous Synchrotron X-Ray Diffraction Data Interpretation
Creators: name: Zhao, Xiaodong
name: Luo, YiXuan
name: Liu, Juejing
name: Liu, Wenjun
name: Rosso, Kevin M.
name: Guo, Xiaofeng
name: Geng, Tong
name: Li, Ang
name: Zhang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Manual analysis of XRD data is usually laborious and time consuming. The deep neural network (DNN) based models trained by synthetic XRD patterns are proved to be an automatic, accurate, and high throughput method to analysis common XRD data collected from solid sample in ambient environment. However, it remains unknown that whether synthetic XRD based models are capable to solve u-XRD mapping data for in-situ experiments involving liquid phase exhibiting lower quality with significant artifacts. In this study, we collected u-XRD mapping data from an LaCl3-calcite hydrothermal fluid system and trained two categories of models to solve the experimental XRD patterns. The models trained by synthetic XRD patterns show low accuracy (as low as 64%) when solving experimental u-XRD mapping data. The accuracy of the DNN models was significantly improved (90% or above) when training them with the dataset containing both synthetic and small number of labeled experimental u-XRD patterns. This study highlighted the importance of labeled experimental patterns on the training of DNN models to solve u-XRD mapping data from in-situ experiments involving liquid phase.
description: See link below for supporting information https://docs.google.com/document/d/1m2SyaBDej4BhkWCA38GRXJe5Jd7Di7cp/edit?usp=sharing&ouid=108731997922646321851&rtpof=true&sd=true
Heritage value attribution
Creators: name: De Castro Teixera Maia, Marina
name: Lersch, Ines Martina
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: This work aims at retrieving the historical trajectory of Sítio Alagadiço Novo – Fortaleza, Ceará – birthplace of the romantic writer, José de Alencar. Having never before been considered under the yoke of a scientific investigation, Sítio Alagadiço is currently suffering from the lack of attention and use by the surrounding community. By assuming that the relation between cultural heritage and community is a matter of value attribution, it is essential to understand the paths which led to this conflicting situation. Therefore, we seek to retrieve the property’s history since the arrival of the Alencar family up to the time it was heritage-listed by the National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute (IPHAN). Some of the questions raised throughout the process include: is the importance of the place due to the figure of José de Alencar and his literary heritage? What are the values assigned to it? Has the idea of upgrading the property as a historical asset come from the community? These questions guide the content of this paper. We intend to pursue the valuation process within its historical context and therefore reflect upon the inconsistency perceived between such valuation and the treatment currently given to the property.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Reputations, commitment problems, and partisan third party interventions
Creators: name: Kwon, Bo Ram
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Various theories have explained why committing to peace may be difficult, but many questions still need to be addressed, especially in regards to how belligerents manage to cooperate when they are incapable of making credible commitments on their own accord. This study suggests that a better understanding of reputations and third party interventions may help fill this gap. A reputation for violating previous dispute settlements contaminates the bargaining environment by undermining trust and making one's commitment to peace less credible. Since military interventions affect the distribution of power in the post-settlement phase, on whose side the third party intervenes will have significant impact on the duration of war and durability of peace. A Cox model finds some evidence that crises influenced by reputations are more difficult to settle than those that are not, and that external military support may result in longer bargaining periods. A logit regression model yields mixed results in terms of how partisan third party interventions affect the durability of peace.
Topological Hall effect in CeAlGe
Creators: name: Piva, M. M.
name: Souza, J. C.
name: Lombardi, G. A.
name: Pakuszewski, K. R.
name: Adriano, C.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
name: Nicklas, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Weyl semimetal CeAlGe is a promising material to study nontrivial topologies in real and momentum space due to the presence of a topological magnetic phase. Our results at ambient pressure show that the electronic properties of CeAlGe are extremely sensitive to small stoichiometric variations. In particular, the topological Hall effect (THE) present in CeAlGe is absent in some samples of almost identical chemical composition. The application of external pressure favors the antiferromagnetic ground state. It also induces a THE where it was not visible at ambient pressure. Furthermore, a small pressure is sufficient to drive the single region of the THE in magnetic fields into two different ones. Our results reveal an extreme sensitivity of the electronic properties of CeAlGe to tiny changes in its chemical composition, leading to a high tunability by external stimuli. We can relate this sensitivity to a shift in the Fermi level and to domain walls.
description: Accepted in Physical Review Materials
Multi-agent consensus over time-invariant and time-varying signed digraphs via eventual positivity
Creators: name: Fontan, Angela
name: Wang, Lingfei
name: Hong, Yiguang
name: Shi, Guodong
name: Altafini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Laplacian dynamics on signed digraphs have a richer behavior than those on nonnegative digraphs. In particular, for the so-called "repelling" signed Laplacians, the marginal stability property (needed to achieve consensus) is not guaranteed a priori and, even when it holds, it does not automatically lead to consensus, as these signed Laplacians may loose rank even in strongly connected digraphs. Furthermore, in the time-varying case, instability can occur even when switching in a family of systems each of which corresponds to a marginally stable signed Laplacian with the correct corank. In this paper we present conditions guaranteeing consensus of these signed Laplacians based on the property of eventual positivity, a Perron-Frobenius type of property for signed matrices. The conditions cover both time-invariant and time-varying cases. A particularly simple sufficient condition valid in both cases is that the Laplacians are normal matrices. Such condition can be relaxed in several ways. For instance in the time-invariant case it is enough that the Laplacian has this Perron-Frobenius property on the right but not on the left side (i.e., on the transpose). For the time-varying case, convergence to consensus can be guaranteed by the existence of a common Lyapunov function for all the signed Laplacians. All conditions can be easily extended to bipartite consensus.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure
Ghost Free Theory in Unitary Gauge: A New Candidate
Creators: name: Joshi, Pawan
name: Panda, Sukanta
name: Vidyarthi, Archit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an algebraic analysis using a 3+1 decomposition to identify conditions for a clever cancellation of the higher derivatives, which plagued the theory with Ostrogradsky ghosts, by exploiting some existing degeneracy in the Lagrangian. We obtain these conditions as linear equations (in terms of coefficients of the higher derivative terms) and demand that they vanish, such that the existence of nontrivial solutions implies that the theory is degenerate. We find that, for the theory under consideration, no such solutions exist for a general inhomogeneous scalar field, but that the theory is degenerate in the unitary gauge. We, then, find modified FLRW equations and narrow down conditions for which there could exist a de Sitter inflationary epoch. We further find constraints on the coefficients of the remaining higher-derivative interaction terms, based on power-counting renormalizability and tree-level unitarity up to the Planck scale.
description: Updated equations; corrected typos
Spectral analysis of a class of Schroedinger operators exhibiting a parameter-dependent spectral transition
Creators: name: Barseghyan, Diana
name: Exner, Pavel
name: Khrabustovskyi, Andrii
name: Tater, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Q10, 35J10, 35P15, 35Q40

description: We analyze two-dimensional Schrödinger operators with the potential $|xy|^p - λ(x^2+y^2)^{p/(p+2)}$ where $p\ge 1$ and $λ\ge 0$, which exhibit an abrupt change of its spectral properties at a critical value of the coupling constant $λ$. We show that in the supercritical case the spectrum covers the whole real axis. In contrast, for $λ$ below the critical value the spectrum is purely discrete and we establish a Lieb-Thirring-type bound on its moments. In the critical case the essential spectrum covers the positive halfline while the negative spectrum can be only discrete, we demonstrate numerically the existence of a ground state eigenvalue.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures
Inexact iterative numerical linear algebra for neural network-based spectral estimation and rare-event prediction
Creators: name: Strahan, John
name: Guo, Spencer C.
name: Lorpaiboon, Chatipat
name: Dinner, Aaron R.
name: Weare, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62M20, 65C40, 62M45, 37M10

description: Understanding dynamics in complex systems is challenging because there are many degrees of freedom, and those that are most important for describing events of interest are often not obvious. The leading eigenfunctions of the transition operator are useful for visualization, and they can provide an efficient basis for computing statistics such as the likelihood and average time of events (predictions). Here we develop inexact iterative linear algebra methods for computing these eigenfunctions (spectral estimation) and making predictions from a data set of short trajectories sampled at finite intervals. We demonstrate the methods on a low-dimensional model that facilitates visualization and a high-dimensional model of a biomolecular system. Implications for the prediction problem in reinforcement learning are discussed.
description: 24 pages, 16 figures
Ansätze for Scattering Amplitudes from $p$-adic Numbers and Algebraic Geometry
Creators: name: De Laurentis, Giuseppe
name: Page, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rational coefficients of special functions in scattering amplitudes are known to simplify on singular surfaces, often diverging less strongly than the naïve expectation. To systematically study these surfaces and rational functions on them, we employ tools from algebraic geometry. We show how the divergences of a rational function constrain its numerator to belong to symbolic powers of ideals associated to the singular surfaces. To study the divergences of the coefficients, we make use of $p$-adic numbers, closely related to finite fields. These allow us to perform numerical evaluations close to the singular surfaces in a stable manner and thereby characterize the divergences of the coefficients. We then use this information to construct low-dimensional Ansätze for the rational coefficients. As a proof-of-concept application of our algorithm, we reconstruct the two-loop $0 \rightarrow q\bar qγγγ$ pentagon-function coefficients with fewer than 1000 numerical evaluations.
description: v2: typos fixed, references updated, tables and ancillary files amended
"Western imitation" in modern China's urban planning practice between the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China (1860-1927)
Creators: name: Ren, Xiaogeng
name: Li, Baihao
name: Shi, Diwen
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: At the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China, the ancient Chinese city was gradually transformed into a form that closes to a city with modern significance in terms of nature, the concept of construction, the management system and the spatial structure. Since the Western powers had previously dominated the global capital trade model and implemented the urban planning and construction paradigm, most of the modern Chinese learned and imitated the western models when they re-planned the original Chinese city areas. From the main source of imitation, it contains three categories: the concession, Japan, Europe and the United States. From the practitioner of imitation, most of them are politicians, social reformers, intellectuals with western culture and overseas Chinese with advanced notions. Their understanding and longing for the western urban planning laid the foundation of the transformation of China's modern urban planning. Based on relevant historical materials and existing researching literature, this paper analyses the process of understanding, imitating and implementing in modern China’s urban planning practice between 1860-1927 so as to make it clear that the particularity and universality in the birth and formation of modern Chinese urban planning.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Recent Advances in Computational Methods for the Power Flow Equations
Creators: name: Mehta, Dhagash
name: Molzahn, Daniel K
name: Turitsyn, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The power flow equations are at the core of most of the computations for designing and operating electric power systems. The power flow equations are a system of multivariate nonlinear equations which relate the power injections and voltages in a power system. A plethora of methods have been devised to solve these equations, starting from Newton-based methods to homotopy continuation and other optimization-based methods. While many of these methods often efficiently find a high-voltage, stable solution due to its large basin of attraction, most of the methods struggle to find low-voltage solutions which play significant role in certain stability-related computations. While we do not claim to have exhausted the existing literature on all related methods, this tutorial paper introduces some of the recent advances in methods for solving power flow equations to the wider power systems community as well as bringing attention from the computational mathematics and optimization communities to the power systems problems. After briefly reviewing some of the traditional computational methods used to solve the power flow equations, we focus on three emerging methods: the numerical polynomial homotopy continuation method, Groebner basis techniques, and moment/sum-of-squares relaxations using semidefinite programming. In passing, we also emphasize the importance of an upper bound on the number of solutions of the power flow equations and review the current status of research in this direction.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures. Submitted to the Tutorial Session at IEEE 2016 American Control Conference
An evaluation of the urbanization process of Galata (İstanbul) in the 19th century through the maps of Huber, d’Ostoya and Goad
Creators: name: Kunaci, Merve Ozbay
name: Gulersoy, Nuran Zeren
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: İstanbul underwent great changes to its urban texture as a result of the period of westernization that took place in the 19th Century. Beyoğlu and Galata, which represented the occidental and cosmopolitan face of the city, were among the settlements most influenced by these changes. This study aims to examine the spatial effects of these changes through the integration of old city maps of Beyoğlu and Galata with modern Geographic Information Systems (GIS). The maps of G. d'Ostoya (1858-1860), R. Huber (1887-1891) and Charles E. Goad (1904-1906) are the documents which are used in this context. The maps have been coordinated with GIS software and the items (such as buildings, roads, empty spaces) which they included as raster data have been transformed into vector data to make comparisons and superpositions possible within the GIS environment. Thus, the transformation of urban space can be revealed, and conclusions about how Galata was exposed to changes in the 19th Century can be drawn.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
The Japanese 1919 city planning act system in the world history of planning
Creators: name: Watanabe, Shunichi J.
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: The City Planning Act of 1919, established under the strong influence of Western modern planning, was the nation's first modern planning legislation. This paper is an attempt to position the planning system created by the 1919 Act within the framework of the world history of planning. Unlike the Western countries, the Japanese system was created -- not by planning professionals -- by the bureaucrats of the central government, who eventually had a fairly high level of professional expertise. We name this situation "bureaucratic professionalism", which may be quite unique in contrast to the Western planning system. The 1919 planning system was highly centralized in which small number of elite planning bureaucrats of the Home Ministry efficiently controlled the planning decisions all over the country. The Ministry prescribed the nation-wide, pre-established, uniform planning standards and asked the local government to follow. The Ministry created the City Planning Local Commission in all prefectures as its de facto branch offices and regularly dispatched its elite planning bureaucrats to the Commission's secretariat. These bureaucrats consisted of general administrative officers and three kinds of specialist technical officials in civil engineering, architecture, and parks. They, as a group, seem to satisfy most of the elements of professionalism in general. But in reality, the group was a compound of administrators and three clearly separated specialists. It may be hard to say that these professional bureaucrats have established a city planning profession as a whole.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
MAKING THE INVISIBLE VISIBLE: A NEW DIAGNOSTIC TOOL IN ENDODONTICS
Creators: name: Mitchell, Bryan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Development of an endodontic diagnostic tool that is objective and does not elicit any pain will improve chairside diagnosis and ensure patient comfort. This study utilized Red-Green-Blue (RGB) color analysis and Eulerian Video Magnification (EVM) to assess periapical tissues by revealing hidden data in videos of the intraoral tissues. The goal of this hypothesis generating pilot study was to determine whether these technologies detect changes in blood flow and aid in diagnosis of periapical inflammation (disease). We obtained videos of the oral mucosa overlying the periapical tissues of teeth with clinical signs of apical periodontitis (n=20). Controls (n=20) were the oral mucosa overlying periapical tissues of normal contralateral teeth. Videos were analyzed using RGB analysis and EVM via a high level computing language, MATLAB. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon matched pairs signed rank test and significance set at p<0.05. RGB/EVM analysis were not able to detect a difference in blood flow in the intra-oral videos of both the diseased and control tissues.
Noise impact on recurrent neural network with linear activation function
Creators: name: Moskvitin, V. M.
name: Semenova, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60H40, 62M45

description: In recent years, more and more researchers in the field of neural networks are interested in creating hardware implementations where neurons and the connection between them are realized physically. The physical implementation of ANN fundamentally changes the features of noise influence. In the case hardware ANNs, there are many internal sources of noise with different properties. The purpose of this paper is to study the peculiarities of internal noise propagation in recurrent ANN on the example of echo state network (ESN), to reveal ways to suppress such noises and to justify the stability of networks to some types of noises. In this paper we analyse ESN in presence of uncorrelated additive and multiplicative white Gaussian noise. Here we consider the case when artificial neurons have linear activation function with different slope coefficients. Starting from studying only one noisy neuron we complicate the problem by considering how the input signal and the memory property affect the accumulation of noise in ESN. In addition, we consider the influence of the main types of coupling matrices on the accumulation of noise. So, as such matrices, we take a uniform matrix and a diagonal-like matrices with different coefficients called "blurring" coefficient. We have found that the general view of variance and signal-to-noise ratio of ESN output signal is similar to only one neuron. The noise is less accumulated in ESN with diagonal reservoir connection matrix with large "blurring" coefficient. Especially it concerns uncorrelated multiplicative noise.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, 23 references
Reconciling nonlinear dissipation with the bilinear model of two Brownian particles
Creators: name: Goettems, Elisa I.
name: Afonso, Ricardo J. S.
name: Soares-Pinto, Diogo O.
name: Valente, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Brownian motion of a single particle is a paradigmatic model of the nonequilibrium dynamics of dissipative systems. In the system-plus-reservoir approach, one can derive the particle's equations of motion from the reversible dynamics of the system coupled to a bath of oscillators representing its thermal environment. However, extending the system-plus-reservoir approach to multiple particles in a collective environment is not straightforward, and conflicting models have been proposed to that end. Here, we set out to reconcile some aspects of the nonlinear and the bilinear models of two Brownian particles. We show how the nonlinear dissipation originally derived from exponential system-reservoir couplings can alternatively be obtained from the bilinear Lagrangian, with a modified spectral function that explicitly depends on the distance between the particles. As applications, we discuss how to avoid the anomalous diffusion from the standard nonlinear model, as well as how to phenomenologically model a hydrodynamic interaction between a pair of Brownian particles in a viscous fluid.
Balancing environment, economy and equity
Creators: name: Ramanathan, Swati
name: Gandhi, Vidhu
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: By 2050, 66 per cent of the world’s population will be living in urban areas, with approximately 90 per cent of this increase occurring across Africa and Asia. While urbanisation is proving to be rewarding in terms of providing access to employment and infrastructure, its rapid pace is equally challenging to deal with as poverty, urban sprawl and environmental degradation are some outcomes of urban life that far outweigh the positives. Most often noticeable in developing countries is a trend of disproportionate distribution of population across urban areas, which in most cases has led to huge pressures on land, infrastructure, environment and economy(s) of cities. This paper seeks to examine the role of urban planning and the integration of current concerns of environment, economy and equity into master planning of three cities, on the basis that master plans can be more effective in enabling the sustainable growth of cities. The master plans of three cities – Sawai Madhopur in India, Curitiba in Brazil and Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia, are discussed in this paper with the intention of examining how these cities have dealt with rapid urbanisation and economic growth by employing master planning initiatives that seek to protect the environment, while allowing for sustainable growth in terms of the city’s landuse and its infrastructure.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Exploring Barriers/Facilitators to Assistive Technology Use among Hispanics: A Social Ecological Approach
Creators: name: Martinez Perez, Angelica
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Despite being the largest ethnic minority in the US, Hispanics experience the worst health outcomes. Factors such as inaccessibility to services, poor quality of care, and lack of support have contributed to disproportionate healthcare disparities and worsening conditions. Scholarship has demonstrated the effectiveness of assistive technology (AT) in increasing an individual's quality of life and well-being by promoting independence/autonomy, safety, and participation. However, research has indicated that Hispanics with disabilities do not use AT as much as their non-Hispanic white counterparts. One barrier to understanding the complexities of AT usage among Hispanics is clearly seen upon review of AT outcomes research which has historically focused very little attention to this demographic. As a result, the experiences and needs of Hispanics with disabilities are not fully captured, explored, or considered. This issue is even more significant when the research is intended to inform policy, where scientific findings do not represent the voices and needs of the Hispanic population, furthering their marginalization and perpetuating the cycle of oppression. Using a narrative thematic analysis design and incorporating the Social Ecological Model approach, this study explored the experiences of Hispanics served by the UIC Assistive Technology Unit via semi-structured interviews. Qualitative findings identified multilevel barriers and facilitators to AT use and uncovered potential strategies in engaging key stakeholders. Results from this study have implications for practice, future research, interventions, and local policy that could impact Hispanics’ disproportionate access to AT use and overall health outcomes. Furthermore, by adding to the limited body of literature exploring AT use among Hispanics in the U.S., this study enriches the scientific tapestry of AT outcomes research.
Embedding Contextual Information through Reward Shaping in Multi-Agent Learning: A Case Study from Google Football
Creators: name: Gu, Chaoyi
name: De Silva, Varuna
name: Artaud, Corentin
name: Pina, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial Intelligence has been used to help human complete difficult tasks in complicated environments by providing optimized strategies for decision-making or replacing the manual labour. In environments including multiple agents, such as football, the most common methods to train agents are Imitation Learning and Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning (MARL). However, the agents trained by Imitation Learning cannot outperform the expert demonstrator, which makes humans hardly get new insights from the learnt policy. Besides, MARL is prone to the credit assignment problem. In environments with sparse reward signal, this method can be inefficient. The objective of our research is to create a novel reward shaping method by embedding contextual information in reward function to solve the aforementioned challenges. We demonstrate this in the Google Research Football (GRF) environment. We quantify the contextual information extracted from game state observation and use this quantification together with original sparse reward to create the shaped reward. The experiment results in the GRF environment prove that our reward shaping method is a useful addition to state-of-the-art MARL algorithms for training agents in environments with sparse reward signal.
Constructing unextendible product bases from multiqubit ones
Creators: name: Zhang, Taiyu
name: Chen, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The construction of multipartite unextendible product bases (UPBs) is a basic problem in quantum information. We respectively construct two families of $2\times2\times4$ and $2\times2\times2\times4$ UPBs of size eight by using the existing four-qubit and five-qubit UPBs. As an application, we construct novel families of multipartite positive-partial-transpose entangled states, as well as their entanglement properties in terms of the geometric measure of entanglement.
description: 30 pages
Nuclear Modified Transverse Momentum Distributions and 3D Imaging in Nuclei
Creators: name: Alrashed, Mishary
name: Anderle, Daniele
name: Kang, Zhong-Bo
name: Terry, John
name: Xing, Hongxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this proceeding, we review our recent work in which we performed the first global analysis of nuclear modified Transverse Momentum Distribution Functions (TMDs). We demonstrate for the first time that the global set of TMD experimental data from HERMES, E866, E772, RHIC, ATLAS, and CMS, can be described using a simple model which accounts for the nuclear modifications for the TMDs as a non-perturbative correction. Using this model, we extract the nuclear modified TMDs for the first time.
description: Spin2021 Conference Proceeding; 5 pages, 2 figures
Grating-Coupling-Based Excitation of Bloch Surface Waves for Lab-on-Fiber Optrodes
Creators: name: Scaravilli, Michele
name: Castaldi, Giuseppe
name: Cusano, Andrea
name: Galdi, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the possibility to excite Bloch surface waves (BSWs) on the tip of single-mode optical fibers. Within this framework, after exploring an idealized, proof-of-principle grating-coupling-based scheme for on-tip excitation of BSWs, we focus on an alternative configuration that is more robust with respect to fabrication-related non-idealities. Subsequently, with a view towards label-free chemical and biological sensing, we present a specific design aimed at enhancing the sensitivity (in terms of wavelength shift) of the arising resonance with respect to changes in the refractive properties of the surrounding environment. Numerical results indicate that the attained sensitivities are in line with those exhibited by state-of-the-art plasmonic bioprobes, with the key advantage of exhibiting much narrower spectral resonances. This prototype study paves the way for a new class of miniaturized high-performance surface-wave fiber-optic devices for high-resolution label-free optical biosensing, and represents an important step forward in the "lab-on-fiber" technology roadmap.
description: 15 pages; 9 figures; 3 tables (minor revisions in the title and text)
Are Not the Lands Our Own? Tunica Diplomacy in Spanish Louisiana and British West Florida 1763-1783
Creators: name: Ellis, Elizabeth Nicole
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2012

description: Following the partition of French Louisiana in 1763, Spain and Britain strove to establish control of the Lower Mississippi Valley. Lacking the military might to rule their territorial spoils by force, British and Spanish colonial officials sought to build alliances with local Indigenous peoples, and use economic and political persuasion to press these Indian nations into exclusive imperial relationships. Spain and England hoped that these ties would help them lay claim to the territories inhabited by local nations, and grant them proxy rule over the lands. Despite European efforts to politically and geographically restrict the movements of Indian peoples, smaller tribes such as the Tunicas, recognized that residence along the Mississippi presented them with an opportunity. Rather than limiting their diplomatic relations to only one colony, during the 1760s and 1770s, the Tunicas cultivated alliances with both England and Spain and thereby sought to maintain a position of regional power.
Factoring the Matrix of Domination: A Critical Review and Reimagination of Intersectionality in AI Fairness
Creators: name: Ovalle, Anaelia
name: Subramonian, Arjun
name: Gautam, Vagrant
name: Gee, Gilbert
name: Chang, Kai-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.4; I.2

description: Intersectionality is a critical framework that, through inquiry and praxis, allows us to examine how social inequalities persist through domains of structure and discipline. Given AI fairness' raison d'etre of "fairness", we argue that adopting intersectionality as an analytical framework is pivotal to effectively operationalizing fairness. Through a critical review of how intersectionality is discussed in 30 papers from the AI fairness literature, we deductively and inductively: 1) map how intersectionality tenets operate within the AI fairness paradigm and 2) uncover gaps between the conceptualization and operationalization of intersectionality. We find that researchers overwhelmingly reduce intersectionality to optimizing for fairness metrics over demographic subgroups. They also fail to discuss their social context and when mentioning power, they mostly situate it only within the AI pipeline. We: 3) outline and assess the implications of these gaps for critical inquiry and praxis, and 4) provide actionable recommendations for AI fairness researchers to engage with intersectionality in their work by grounding it in AI epistemology.
description: To appear at AIES 2023
A Study on Urban Regeneration Policy Change in Korea
Creators: name: An, Hyunjin
name: Song, Aeijung
name: Park, Hyeon-Yong
name: Kim, Meeyoung
Publisher: name: International Planning History Society Proceedings
Year: 2018

description: After the physical redevelopment and reconstruction in the late 1970s, the paradigm on urban regeneration in Korea shifted from maintenance to restoration and sustainability. This study highlighted that those changes occurred rapidly and not gradually over a short period of time. This study researched diachronic changes on urban regeneration policies after the 1970s in Korea using an analysing model that compensated for the theoretical limits of Hogwood and Peters. The limitations of former policies and internal and external socio-economic factors are shown to have affected dynamic policy changes. This study’s academic significance is that it suggests policy implications for cities that have similar urban growth processes to Korea.
description: International Planning History Society Proceedings, Vol. 18 No. 1 (2018): Looking at the World History of Planning
Electronic excited states in deep variational Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Entwistle, Mike
name: Schätzle, Zeno
name: Erdman, Paolo A.
name: Hermann, Jan
name: Noé, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Obtaining accurate ground and low-lying excited states of electronic systems is crucial in a multitude of important applications. One ab initio method for solving the Schrödinger equation that scales favorably for large systems is variational quantum Monte Carlo (QMC). The recently introduced deep QMC approach uses ansatzes represented by deep neural networks and generates nearly exact ground-state solutions for molecules containing up to a few dozen electrons, with the potential to scale to much larger systems where other highly accurate methods are not feasible. In this paper, we extend one such ansatz (PauliNet) to compute electronic excited states. We demonstrate our method on various small atoms and molecules and consistently achieve high accuracy for low-lying states. To highlight the method's potential, we compute the first excited state of the much larger benzene molecule, as well as the conical intersection of ethylene, with PauliNet matching results of more expensive high-level methods.
Spin Effects In Heavy Ion Collisions at High Energies
Creators: name: Liang, Zuo-tang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In non-central high energy heavy ion collisions, the colliding system possesses a huge orbital angular momentum along the normal direction of the reaction plane. Due to the spin orbit interaction in the system, such a huge orbital angular momentum leads to the spin polarization of quarks and anti-quarks in the quark matter system produced in the collision. Such an effect, known as the global polarization effect, was predicted many years ago and has been confirmed by the STAR collaboration at RHIC. The discovery of the global polarization effect opens a new avenue in heavy ion physics in general and in studying the properties of quark-gluon plasma in particular. This talk will briefly review the original ideas and calculations that lead to the prediction and summarize progresses and problems in related aspects.
description: plenary talk at the 24th International Spin Symposium (SPIN2021)
Music of a Movement's Wake: The Evolution of the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project
Creators: name: Prince, Carol
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The following paper examines the evolution of the Southern Folk Cultural Revival Project (SFCRP) between 1966 and 1976. Founded in 1965 by Bernice Johnson Reagon and Anne Romaine, the SFCRP brought together an interracial coalition of musicians to tour the South and emphasize the shared cultural heritage of blacks and whites in the region. This paper traces the organization’s trajectory from its origins in the Civil Rights Movement to its shift to new and younger audiences in the form of public school projects and finally to the conflicts the organization grappled with in the mid-1970s. Specifically, tensions surfaced in the organization around cultural politics as the political organizing environment evolved. As the SFCRP adapted its programming to new audiences, African American musicians envisioned alternative pathways of cultural work outside interracial cultural exchange in the post-Jim Crow South.
Linear Programming based Lower Bounds on Average Dwell-Time via Multiple Lyapunov Functions
Creators: name: Hafstein, Sigurdur
name: Tanwani, Aneel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the objective of developing computational methods for stability analysis of switched systems, we consider the problem of finding the minimal lower bounds on average dwell-time that guarantee global asymptotic stability of the origin. Analytical results in the literature quantifying such lower bounds assume existence of multiple Lyapunov functions that satisfy some inequalities. For our purposes, we formulate an optimization problem that searches for the optimal value of the parameters in those inequalities and includes the computation of the associated Lyapunov functions. In its generality, the problem is nonconvex and difficult to solve numerically, so we fix some parameters which results in a linear program (LP). For linear vector fields described by Hurwitz matrices, we prove that such programs are feasible and the resulting solution provides a lower bound on the average dwell-time for exponential stability. Through some experiments, we compare our results with the bounds obtained from other methods in the literature and we report some improvements in the results obtained using our method.
description: Revised version
Fast Neuromimetic Object Recognition using FPGA Outperforms GPU Implementations
Creators: name: Orchard, Garrick
name: Martin, Jacob G.
name: Vogelstein, R. Jacob
name: Etienne-Cummings, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recognition of objects in still images has traditionally been regarded as a difficult computational problem. Although modern automated methods for visual object recognition have achieved steadily increasing recognition accuracy, even the most advanced computational vision approaches are unable to obtain performance equal to that of humans. This has led to the creation of many biologically-inspired models of visual object recognition, among them the HMAX model. HMAX is traditionally known to achieve high accuracy in visual object recognition tasks at the expense of significant computational complexity. Increasing complexity, in turn, increases computation time, reducing the number of images that can be processed per unit time. In this paper we describe how the computationally intensive, biologically inspired HMAX model for visual object recognition can be modified for implementation on a commercial Field Programmable Gate Array, specifically the Xilinx Virtex 6 ML605 evaluation board with XC6VLX240T FPGA. We show that with minor modifications to the traditional HMAX model we can perform recognition on images of size 128x128 pixels at a rate of 190 images per second with a less than 1% loss in recognition accuracy in both binary and multi-class visual object recognition tasks.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables