cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of PRE-OPerative ECHOcardiograhy for prevention of cardiovascular events after non-cardiac surgery in intermediate- and high-risk patients: protocol for a low-interventional, mixed-cohort prospective study design (PREOP-ECHO)
Creators: name: Kim, Eun Kyoung
name: Choi, Hong-Mi
name: Choi, Eui-Young
name: Lee, Hye Sun
name: Park, Goeun
name: Han, Dong Woo
name: Lee, Sang-Eun
name: Park, Chan Seok
name: Hwang, Ji-won
name: Choi, Jae Hyuk
name: Kim, Mi-Na
name: Kim, Hyung-Kwan
name: Kim, Dae-Hee
name: Shin, Sung-Hee
name: Sohn, Il Suk
name: Shin, Mi-Seung
name: Na, Jin Oh
name: Cho, Iksung
name: Lee, Sun Hwa
name: Park, Yong Hyun
name: Park, Tae-Ho
name: Kim, Kye Hun
name: Cho, Goo-Young
name: Jung, Hae Ok
name: Park, Dae-Gyun
name: Hong, Ji Yeon
name: Kang, Duk-Hyun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2. Case reporting form of the PREOP-ECHO trial.
Additional file 1 of Bibliometric analysis of residual cardiovascular risk: trends and frontiers
Creators: name: Wang, Lin
name: Wang, Sutong
name: Song, Chaoyuan
name: Yu, Yiding
name: Jiang, Yuehua
name: Wang, Yongcheng
name: Li, Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Top 10 most cited journals in the field of residual cardiovascular risk.
Coupled influences of particle shape, surface property and flow hydrodynamics on rod-shaped colloid transport in porous media
Creators: name: Johnson, W.P.
name: Li, K.
name: Camacho, K.M.
name: Bolster, C.
name: Pazmino, E.
name: Ma, H.
name: Mitragotri, S.
name: Anselmo, A.C.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2020

description: Hypothesis: Natural or engineered colloidal particles are often non-spherical in shape. In contrast to the widely-used “homogeneous sphere” assumption, the non-spherical particle shape is expected to alter particle–fluid-surface interactions, which in turn affect particle transport and retention. Experiments and Simulations: Polystyrene microspheres were stretched to rod-shaped particles of two aspect ratios (2:1, 6:1). The transport and retention behaviors of rods versus spheres were investigated in packed quartz sand columns and impinging jet systems. In parallel, a 3D trajectory model was employed to simulate particle translation and rotation, and to elucidate the role and underlying mechanisms of particle shape impact on transport. Findings: Rods were observed to undergo rotating and tumbling motions in response to fluid shear from experiments and simulations. However, no distinct retention trends between rods and spheres were observed from column studies, despite BSA-coating on particles, Fe-coating on sand or velocity change. This was primarily due to the super-hydrophobic nature of colloid surfaces acquired from stretching process, which in hydrophilic sand columns, dominated particle–surface charge interactions. Simulations using colloids with randomly distributed charge patches qualitatively produced the observed insensitivity in retention respecting aspect ratio under low charge coverage (<30%). Hence, particle shape influences were strongly coupled with colloid surface properties and flow hydrodynamics.
Instantaneous stochastic perturbation theory
Creators: name: Lüscher, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A form of stochastic perturbation theory is described, where the representative stochastic fields are generated instantaneously rather than through a Markov process. The correctness of the procedure is established to all orders of the expansion and for a wide class of field theories that includes all common formulations of lattice QCD.
description: Plain TeX source, 25 pages, 7 figures
Integrated coronagraphy and wavefront sensing with the PIAACMC
Creators: name: Haffert, Sebastiaan Y.
name: Males, Jared R.
name: Guyon, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncorrected wavefront errors create speckle noise in high-contrast observations at small inner-working angles. These speckles can be sensed and controlled by using coronagraph integrated wavefront sensors. Here, we will present how the Phase Induced Amplitude Apodized Complex Mask Corongraph (PIAACMC) can be integrated with both a Self-Coherent Camera (SCC) for focal plane wavefront sensing and an extremely sensitivity high-order pupil plane Zernike wavefront sensor (ZWFS). Non-common path aberrations can be completely erased by integrating both sensors into the PIAACMC, which is of extremely high importance in high-contrast imaging.
description: 7 pages, proceeding for SPIE Optics and Photonics 2023
A cash plus program reduces youth exposure to physical violence in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Angeles, G.
name: Handa, S.
name: Seidenfeld, D.
name: Chakrabarti, A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Violence against children and adolescents, a highly prevalent problem, is a clear violation of child rights and has detrimental effects on later life outcomes. Programs that alleviate poverty address a structural determinant of child vulnerability and can thereby reduce child abuse. This paper investigates whether the Government of Zimbabwe's Harmonized Social Cash Transfer (HSCT) Program, which combines cash transfers with complementary services, affects youth exposure to physical violence. The analysis uses data from a non-experimental impact evaluation and a difference-in-differences approach. Results show a 19-percentage point decline in the incidence of physical violence among youth four years into the program. HSCT-induced enhancements in beneficiary households’ purchasing capacity and food security, improvements in caregiver subjective well-being, and reductions in youth participation in economic work for pay could be mediating the program's effects on youth abuse. This paper adds to the relatively scarce evidence on the impacts of anti-poverty policies on young people's susceptibility to physical violence in developing countries.
Hall Viscosity and Momentum Transport in Lattice and Continuum Models of the Integer Quantum Hall Effect in Strong Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Tuegel, Thomas I.
name: Hughes, Taylor L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hall viscosity describes a non-dissipative response to strain in systems with broken time-reversal symmetry. We develop a new method for computing the Hall viscosity of lattice systems in strong magnetic fields based on momentum transport, which we compare to the method of momentum polarization used by Tu et al. [Phys. Rev. B 88 195412 (2013)] and Zaletel et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 110 236801 (2013)] for non-interacting systems. We compare the Hall viscosity of square-lattice tight-binding models in magnetic field to the continuum integer quantum Hall effect (IQHE) showing agreement when the magnetic length is much larger than the lattice constant, but deviation as the magnetic field strength increases. We also relate the Hall viscosity of relativistic electrons in magnetic field (the Dirac IQHE) to the conventional IQHE. The Hall viscosity of the lattice Dirac model in magnetic field agrees with the continuum Dirac Hall viscosity when the magnetic length is much larger than the lattice constant. We also show that the Hall viscosity of the lattice model deviates further from the continuum model if the $C_4$ symmetry of the square lattice is broken to $C_2$, but the deviation is again minimized as the magnetic length increases.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures
Streaming Punctuation: A Novel Punctuation Technique Leveraging Bidirectional Context for Continuous Speech Recognition
Creators: name: Behre, Piyush
name: Tan, Sharman
name: Varadharajan, Padma
name: Chang, Shuangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While speech recognition Word Error Rate (WER) has reached human parity for English, continuous speech recognition scenarios such as voice typing and meeting transcriptions still suffer from segmentation and punctuation problems, resulting from irregular pausing patterns or slow speakers. Transformer sequence tagging models are effective at capturing long bi-directional context, which is crucial for automatic punctuation. Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) production systems, however, are constrained by real-time requirements, making it hard to incorporate the right context when making punctuation decisions. Context within the segments produced by ASR decoders can be helpful but limiting in overall punctuation performance for a continuous speech session. In this paper, we propose a streaming approach for punctuation or re-punctuation of ASR output using dynamic decoding windows and measure its impact on punctuation and segmentation accuracy across scenarios. The new system tackles over-segmentation issues, improving segmentation F0.5-score by 13.9%. Streaming punctuation achieves an average BLEUscore improvement of 0.66 for the downstream task of Machine Translation (MT).
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2210.05756
Additional file 2 of Bibliometric analysis of residual cardiovascular risk: trends and frontiers
Creators: name: Wang, Lin
name: Wang, Sutong
name: Song, Chaoyuan
name: Yu, Yiding
name: Jiang, Yuehua
name: Wang, Yongcheng
name: Li, Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Top 10 articles by GC.
Initial exploration of the discriminatory ability of the PetPace collar to detect differences in activity and physiological variables between healthy and osteoarthritic dogs
Creators: name: Robertson, James
name: Rowlison de Ortiz, Avery
name: Belda, Beatriz
name: Enomoto, Masataka
name: Hash, Jon
name: Lascelles, B. Duncan X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background Accelerometry has been used to evaluate activity in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA) pain, especially in relation to effect of treatment; however no studies have compared accelerometry-measured activity in dogs with OA-pain and healthy dogs. The aims of this study were to (1) compare activity output from the PetPace collar with the validated Actical monitor and (2) determine if PetPace collar outputs (overall activity, activity levels, body position, and vital signs) differed between healthy dogs and dogs with OA-pain. Methods This was an observational, non-interventional study in healthy dogs and dogs with OA-pain. All dogs were outfitted with the PetPace collar and the Actical monitor simultaneously for 14 days. Output from these devices was compared (correlations), and output from the PetPace device was used to explore differences between groups across the activity and vital sign outputs (including calculated heart rate variability indices). Results There was moderate correlation between the PetPace collar and Actical monitor output (R2 = 0.56, p < 0.001). Using data generated by the PetPace collar, OA-pain dogs had lower overall activity counts and spent less time standing than healthy dogs. Healthy dogs spent more time at higher activity levels than OA-pain dogs. Certain heart rate variability indices in OA-pain dogs were lower than in healthy dogs. Conclusions and clinical relevance The results of this study suggest that the PetPace collar can detect differences between healthy dogs and those with OA-pain, and that OA-pain negatively impacts overall activity levels in dogs, and especially higher intensity activity.
Social media fingerprints of unemployment
Creators: name: Llorente, Alejandro
name: Garcia-Herranz, Manuel
name: Cebrian, Manuel
name: Moro, Esteban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent wide-spread adoption of electronic and pervasive technologies has enabled the study of human behavior at an unprecedented level, uncovering universal patterns underlying human activity, mobility, and inter-personal communication. In the present work, we investigate whether deviations from these universal patterns may reveal information about the socio-economical status of geographical regions. We quantify the extent to which deviations in diurnal rhythm, mobility patterns, and communication styles across regions relate to their unemployment incidence. For this we examine a country-scale publicly articulated social media dataset, where we quantify individual behavioral features from over 145 million geo-located messages distributed among more than 340 different Spanish economic regions, inferred by computing communities of cohesive mobility fluxes. We find that regions exhibiting more diverse mobility fluxes, earlier diurnal rhythms, and more correct grammatical styles display lower unemployment rates. As a result, we provide a simple model able to produce accurate, easily interpretable reconstruction of regional unemployment incidence from their social-media digital fingerprints alone. Our results show that cost-effective economical indicators can be built based on publicly-available social media datasets.
description: 19 pages (8 main article, 11 Supplementary Information)
Magnetic field driven Lifshitz transition and one-dimensional Weyl nodes in three-dimensional pentatellurides
Creators: name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Wang, Yi-Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments reported that the magnetic field can drive the Lifshitz transition and one-dimensional (1D) Weyl nodes in the quantum limit of three-dimensional pentatellurides, as they own low carrier densities and can achieve the extreme quantum limit at a low magnetic field. In this paper, we will investigate the conditions for the existence of the 1D Weyl nodes and their dc transport properties. We find that in the strong topological insulator (TI) phase of ZrTe5, the formation of the Weyl nodes depends heavily on the carrier density; while in the weak TI phase of HfTe5, the Weyl nodes are more likely to appear. These behaviors are attributed to the fact that in the strong and weak TI phases, the zeroth Landau levels exhibit opposite evolutions with the magnetic field. Moreover, the signatures of the critical fields that characterize the distinct behaviors of the system can be directly captured in the conductivities.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Quantitative bone imaging biomarkers and joint space analysis of the articular Fossa in temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis using artificial intelligence models
Creators: name: Cevidanes, Lucia
name: Al Turkestani, Najla
name: Mackie, Tamara
name: Bianchi, Jonas
name: Ruellas, Antonio
name: Li, Tengfei
name: Gurgel, Marcela
name: Soki, Fabiana
name: Benavides, Erika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Temporomandibular joint osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) is a disease with a multifactorial etiology, involving many pathophysiological processes, and requiring comprehensive assessments to characterize progressive cartilage degradation, subchondral bone remodeling, and chronic pain. This study aimed to integrate quantitative biomarkers of bone texture and morphometry of the articular fossa and joint space to advance the role of imaging phenotypes for diagnosis of Temporomandibular Joint Osteoarthritis (TMJ OA) in early to moderate stages by improving the performance of machine-learning algorithms to detect TMJ OA status. Ninety-two patients were prospectively enrolled (184 h-CBCT scans of the right and left mandibular condyles), divided into two groups: 46 control and 46 TMJ OA subjects. No significant difference in the articular fossa radiomic biomarkers was found between TMJ OA and control patients. The superior condyle-to-fossa distance (p < 0.05) was significantly smaller in diseased patients. The interaction effects of the articular fossa radiomic biomarkers enhanced the performance of machine-learning algorithms to detect TMJ OA status. The LightGBM model achieved an AUC 0.842 to diagnose the TMJ OA status with Headaches and Range of Mouth Opening Without Pain ranked as top features, and top interactions of VE-cadherin in Serum and Angiogenin in Saliva, TGF-β1 in Saliva and Headaches, Gender and Muscle Soreness, PA1 in Saliva and Range of Mouth Opening Without Pain, Lateral Condyle Grey Level Non-Uniformity and Lateral Fossa Short Run Emphasis, TGF-β1 in Serum and Lateral Fossa Trabeculae number, MMP3 in Serum and VEGF in Serum, Headaches and Lateral Fossa Trabecular spacing, Headaches and PA1 in Saliva, and Headaches and BDNF in Saliva. Our preliminary results indicate that condyle imaging features may be more important in regards to main effects, but the fossa imaging features may have a larger contribution in terms of interaction effects. More studies are needed to optimize and further enhance machine-learning algorithms to detect early markers of disease, improve prediction of disease progression and severity to ultimately better serve clinical decision support systems in the treatment of patients with TMJ OA.
Nonreciprocal transmission of microwaves through a long Josephson junction
Creators: name: Pankratov, A. L.
name: Fedorov, K. G.
name: Salerno, M.
name: Shitov, S. V.
name: Ustinov, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonreciprocal microwave transmission through a long Josephson junction in the flux-flow regime is studied analytically and numerically within the framework of the perturbed sine-Gordon model. We demonstrate that the maximum attenuation of the transmitted power occurs when the direction of the flux flow is opposite to the direction of the microwave propagation. This attenuation is nonreciprocal with respect to the flux-flow direction and can be enhanced by increasing the system length and proper impedance matching of the junction ends to external transmission line.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Investigation of the characteristics of the electromagnetic induction transparent-like spectrum with counter-propagating waves coupling mechanism for waveguide and micro-ring coupled system
Creators: name: Zhao, Chaoying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a new counter-propagation waves coupling mechanism is proposed which is expected to realize an electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT)-like effect. Comparing the travelling waves coupling mechanism (see J. Mod. Opt. 2015,62:313-320 [9]) with the counter-propagating waves coupling mechanism, we find out that the transparency window breadths of transmission spectra are greatly enhanced and the corresponding phase shift spectra possess a flat profile or a square profile. Our numerical simulated results are in good agreement with the theoretical analysis. The EIT-like effect can significantly reduce the group velocity near the edge of the square profile transparent window. We believe that the counter-propagating waves coupling mechanism is particularly beneficial for the realization of active manipulation of slow light devices (such as delay lines) required in the conventional EIT scheme. In the vicinity of the transparency peak, we can obtain a large group delay, may gain more significant potential applications in slow-light transmission and optical storage.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, 19 references
The Evolution of Popular Music: USA 1960-2010
Creators: name: Mauch, Matthias
name: MacCallum, Robert M.
name: Levy, Mark
name: Leroi, Armand M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In modern societies, cultural change seems ceaseless. The flux of fashion is especially obvious for popular music. While much has been written about the origin and evolution of pop, most claims about its history are anecdotal rather than scientific in nature. To rectify this we investigate the US Billboard Hot 100 between 1960 and 2010. Using Music Information Retrieval (MIR) and text-mining tools we analyse the musical properties of ~17,000 recordings that appeared in the charts and demonstrate quantitative trends in their harmonic and timbral properties. We then use these properties to produce an audio-based classification of musical styles and study the evolution of musical diversity and disparity, testing, and rejecting, several classical theories of cultural change. Finally, we investigate whether pop musical evolution has been gradual or punctuated. We show that, although pop music has evolved continuously, it did so with particular rapidity during three stylistic "revolutions" around 1964, 1983 and 1991. We conclude by discussing how our study points the way to a quantitative science of cultural change.
description: MS: 13 pages, 6 figures; SI: 15 pages, 7 figures
Constraining the nuclear matter equation of state around twice saturation density
Creators: name: Fèvre, A. Le
name: Leifels, Y.
name: Reisdorf, W.
name: Aichelin, J.
name: Hartnack, Ch.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using FOPI data on elliptic flow in Au+Au collisions between 0.4 and 1.5A GeV we extract constraints for the equation of state (EOS) of compressed symmetric nuclear matter using the transport code IQMD by introducing an observable describing the evolution of the size of the elliptic flow as a function of rapidity. This observable is sensitive to the nuclear EOS and a robust tool to constrain the compressibility of nuclear matter up to 2 $ρ_0$.
Additional file 3 of Bibliometric analysis of residual cardiovascular risk: trends and frontiers
Creators: name: Wang, Lin
name: Wang, Sutong
name: Song, Chaoyuan
name: Yu, Yiding
name: Jiang, Yuehua
name: Wang, Yongcheng
name: Li, Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Keywords co-occurrence network.
Resonance fluorescence in $Λ$, $V$ and $Ξ$ -- type three-level configurations
Creators: name: Sen, Surajit
name: Dey, Tushar Kanti
name: Deb, Bimalendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the resonance fluorescence spectra of the lambda ($Λ$), vee ($V$) and cascade ($Ξ$) type three-level configurations. It is shown that each system with two detuning frequencies can be modelled using the $SU(3)$ symmetry group to derive a generalized optical Bloch equation. For each configuration, this equation is solved to calculate the two-time correlation function by invoking the quantum regression theorem. The incoherent part of the power spectra gives the characteristic multi-peak fluorescence profiles which are different for different configurations. We also discuss how the dressed-state structure of such system can explain the origin of quintuplet profile of the fluorescent spectrum.
description: Accepted in "Physica Scripta", 25 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Influence of family planning and immunization services integration on contraceptive use and family planning information and knowledge among clients: A cross-sectional analysis in urban Nigeria
Creators: name: Bennett, Antonia V.
name: Speizer, Ilene
name: Sheahan, Kate L.
name: Curtis, Siân
name: Weinberger, Morris
name: Paul, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Reproductive autonomy necessitates that women have access to high quality family planning information and services. Additionally, closely spaced pregnancies increase maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Although integrating family planning into child immunization services may increase access to information and services and postpartum contraceptive use, evidence on how integration affects service delivery and health outcomes is scarce. One limitation of previous studies is the use of binary integration measures. To address this limitation, this study applied Provider and Facility Integration Index scores to estimate associations between integration and contraceptive use, receipt of family planning information, and knowledge of family planning services availability. This study leveraged pooled cross-sectional health facility client exit interview data collected from 2,535 women in Nigeria. Provider and Facility Integration Index scores were calculated (0–10, 0 = low, 10 = high) for each facility (N = 94). The Provider Integration Index score measures provider skills and practices that support integrated service delivery; the Facility Integration Index score measures facility norms that support integrated service delivery. Logistic regression models identified associations between Provider and Facility Integration Index scores and (a) contraceptive use among postpartum women, (b) receipt of family planning information during immunization visits, and (c) correct identification of family planning service availability. Overall, 46% of women were using any method of contraception, 51% received family planning information during the immunization appointment, and 83% correctly identified family planning service availability at the facility. Mean Provider and Facility Integration Index scores were 6.46 (SD = 0.21) and 7.27 (SD = 0.18), respectively. Provider and Facility Integration Index scores were not significantly associated with postpartum contraceptive use. Facility Integration Index scores were negatively associated with receipt of family planning information. Provider Integration Index scores were positively associated with correct identification of family planning service availability. Our results challenge the position that integration provides a clear path to improved outcomes. The presence of facility and provider attributes that support integration may not result in the delivery of integrated care.
Additional file 4 of Bibliometric analysis of residual cardiovascular risk: trends and frontiers
Creators: name: Wang, Lin
name: Wang, Sutong
name: Song, Chaoyuan
name: Yu, Yiding
name: Jiang, Yuehua
name: Wang, Yongcheng
name: Li, Xiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Time-based of keyword co-occurrence network.
Photosynthetic Fluorescence from Earth-Like Planets around Sun-Like and Cool Stars
Creators: name: Komatsu, Yu
name: Hori, Yasunori
name: Kuzuhara, Masayuki
name: Kosugi, Makiko
name: Takizawa, Kenji
name: Narita, Norio
name: Omiya, Masashi
name: Kim, Eunchul
name: Kusakabe, Nobuhiko
name: Meadows, Victoria
name: Tamura, Motohide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Remote sensing of the Earth has demonstrated that photosynthesis is traceable as the vegetation red edge (VRE), which is the steep rise in the reflection spectrum of vegetation, and as solar-induced fluorescence. This study examined the detectability of biological fluorescence from two types of photosynthetic pigments, chlorophylls (Chls) and bacteriochlorophylls (BChls), on Earth-like planets with oxygen-rich/poor and anoxic atmospheres around the Sun and M dwarfs. Atmospheric absorption, such as H2O, CH4, O2, and O3, and the VRE obscure the fluorescence emissions from Chls and BChls. We found that BChl-based fluorescence for wavelengths of 1000-1100 nm, assuming the spectrum of BChl b-bearing purple bacteria, could provide a suitable biosignature but only in the absence of the water cloud coverage or other strong absorbers near 1000 nm. The Chl fluorescence is weaker for several reasons, e.g., spectral blending with the VRE. The apparent reflectance excess is greatly increased in both Chl and BChl cases around TRAPPIST-1 due to fluorescence and stellar absorption lines. This could be a promising feature for detecting the fluorescence around ultracool red dwarfs by follow-up ground-based observations with high spectral resolution; however, it requires a long time around Sun-like stars, even for a LUVOIR-like space mission. Moreover, the simultaneous detection of fluorescence and VRE is key to identifying traces of photosynthesis because absorption, reflectance, and fluorescence are physically connected. For further validation of fluorescence detection, the nonlinear response of biological fluorescence as a function of light intensity could be considered.
Impact of pregnancy related hormones on drug metabolizing enzyme and transport protein concentrations in human hepatocytes
Creators: name: Tiley, Jacqueline B.
name: Smith, Philip C.
name: Miner, Taryn A.
name: Fallon, John K.
name: Lee, Craig R.
name: Fashe, Muluneh M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Pregnancy alters the disposition and exposure to multiple drugs indicated for pregnancy-related complications. Previous in vitro studies have shown that pregnancy-related hormones (PRHs) alter the expression and function of certain cytochrome P450s (CYPs) in human hepatocytes. However, the impact of PRHs on hepatic concentrations of non-CYP drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) and transport proteins remain largely unknown. In this study, sandwich-cultured human hepatocytes (SCHH) from five female donors were exposed to vehicle or PRHs (estrone, estradiol, estriol, progesterone, cortisol, and placental growth hormone), administered individually or in combination, across a range of physiologically relevant PRH concentrations for 72 h. Absolute concentrations of 33 hepatic non-CYP DMEs and transport proteins were quantified in SCHH membrane fractions using a quantitative targeted absolute proteomics (QTAP) isotope dilution nanoLC-MS/MS method. The data revealed that PRHs altered the absolute protein concentration of various DMEs and transporters in a concentration-, isoform-, and hepatocyte donor-dependent manner. Overall, eight of 33 (24%) proteins exhibited a significant PRH-evoked net change in absolute protein concentration relative to vehicle control (ANOVA p < 0.05) across hepatocyte donors: 1/11 UGTs (9%; UGT1A4), 4/6 other DMEs (67%; CES1, CES2, FMO5, POR), and 3/16 transport proteins (19%; OAT2, OCT3, P-GP). An additional 8 (24%) proteins (UGT1A1, UGT2B4, UGT2B10, FMO3, OCT1, MRP2, MRP3, ENT1) exhibited significant PRH alterations in absolute protein concentration within at least two individual hepatocyte donors. In contrast, 17 (52%) proteins exhibited no discernable impact by PRHs either within or across hepatocyte donors. Collectively, these results provide the first comprehensive quantitative proteomic evaluation of PRH effects on non-CYP DMEs and transport proteins in SCHH and offer mechanistic insight into the altered disposition of drug substrates cleared by these pathways during pregnancy.
Additional file 1 of The CAR macrophage cells, a novel generation of chimeric antigen-based approach against solid tumors
Creators: name: Hadiloo, Kaveh
name: Taremi, Siavash
name: Heidari, Mahmood
name: Esmaeilzadeh, Abdolreza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Cover letter
Building trusting relationships to support implementation: A proposed theoretical model
Creators: name: Jensen, Todd
name: Bartley, Leah
name: Boaz, Annette
name: Metz, Allison
name: Farley, Amanda
name: Villodas, Melissa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This paper presents a theory of change that articulates (a) proposed strategies for building trust among implementation stakeholders and (b) the theoretical linkages between trusting relationships and implementation outcomes. The theory of change describes how trusting relationships cultivate increases in motivation, capability, and opportunity for supporting implementation among implementation stakeholders, with implications for commitment and resilience for sustained implementation, and ultimately, positive implementation outcomes. Recommendations related to the measurement of key constructs in the theory of change are provided. The paper highlights how the development of a testable causal model on trusting relationships and implementation outcomes can provide a bridge between implementation research and implementation practice.
Higgs Rapidity Distribution in $b {\bar b}$ Annihilation at Threshold in N$^{3}$LO QCD
Creators: name: Ahmed, Taushif
name: Mandal, M. K.
name: Rana, Narayan
name: Ravindran, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the rapidity distribution of the Higgs boson produced through bottom quark annihilation at third order in QCD using the threshold approximation. We provide a framework, based on the factorization properties of the QCD amplitudes along with Sudakov resummation and the renormalization group invariance, that allows one to perform the computation of the threshold corrections in a consistent, systematic and accurate way. The recent results on threshold N$^3$LO correction in QCD for the Drell-Yan production and on three loop QCD correction to Higgs form factor with bottom anti-bottom quark are used to achieve this task. We also demonstrate the numerical impact of these corrections at the LHC.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures
Additional file 1 of Translational design for limited resource settings as demonstrated by Vent-Lock, a 3D-printed ventilator multiplexer
Creators: name: Xun, Helen
name: Shallal, Christopher
name: Unger, Justin
name: Tao, Runhan
name: Torres, Alberto
name: Vladimirov, Michael
name: Frye, Jenna
name: Singhala, Mohit
name: Horne, Brockett
name: Kim, Bo Soo
name: Burke, Broc
name: Montana, Michael
name: Talcott, Michael
name: Winters, Bradford
name: Frisella, Margaret
name: Kushner, Bradley S.
name: Sacks, Justin M.
name: Guest, James K.
name: Kang, Sung Hoon
name: Caffrey, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. De novo ventilator circuit components produced via 3D printing.
Short-range order and increased transition temperature in LiVO2 with weakened trimer frustration
Creators: name: Kojima, K.
name: Katayama, N.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Shiomi, M.
name: Ishii, R.
name: Sawa, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vanadium atoms in layered LiVO2 form in-plane periodic vanadium trimers at low temperatures, but the trimers appear randomly in the stacking direction because there are many trimer configurations with comparable lattice energy. We detailed an original modeling scheme to represent glassy states with a completely disordered trimer configuration in the stacking structure. Through PDF analysis using this model, we show that the synthesis method can yield two types of low-temperature stacking structures: a completely disordered stacking structure and a short-range order in the stacking structure. The phase transition temperature of the former sample is about 15 K lower than that of the latter. We discuss that this is due to the strong trimer frustration that appears in the sample without short-range order, which suppresses the phase transition temperature, similar to the frustration effect in conventional spin systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
The Galactic $^{26}$Al emission map as revealed by INTEGRAL/SPI
Creators: name: Bouchet, Laurent
name: Jourdain, Elisabeth
name: Roques, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffuse emission is often challenging since it is undetectable by most instruments, which are generally dedicated to point-source studies. The $^{26}$Al emission is a good illustration: the only available $^{26}$Al map to date has been released, more than fifteen years ago, thanks to the COMPTEL instrument. However, at the present time, the SPI spectrometer aboard the INTEGRAL mission offers a unique opportunity to enrich this first result. In this paper, 2 $\times$ 10$^8$ s of data accumulated between 2003 and 2013 are used to perform a dedicated analysis, aiming to deeply investigate the spatial morphology of the $^{26}$Al emission. The data are first compared with several sky maps based on observations at various wavelengths to model the $^{26}$Al distribution throughout the Galaxy. For most of the distribution models, the inner Galaxy flux is compatible with a value of 3.3$\times$ 10$^{-4}$ ph.cm$^{-2}$.s$^{-1}$ while the preferred template maps correspond to young stellar components such as core-collapse supernovae, Wolf-Rayet and massive AGB stars. To get more details about this emission, an image reconstruction is performed using an algorithm based on the maximum-entropy method. In addition to the inner Galaxy emission, several excesses suggest that some sites of emission are linked to the spiral arms structure. Lastly, an estimation of the $^{60}$Fe line flux, assuming a spatial distribution similar to $^{26}$Al line emission, results in a $^{60}$Fe\ to $^{26}$Al ratio around 0.14, which agrees with the most recent studies and with the SN explosion model predictions.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Deep-branching ANME-1c archaea grow at the upper temperature limit of anaerobic oxidation of methane
Creators: name: Teske, Andreas
name: Wegener, Gunter
name: Benito Merino, David
name: Zehnle, Hanna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: In seafloor sediments, the anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) consumes most of the methane formed in anoxic layers, preventing this greenhouse gas from reaching the water column and finally the atmosphere. AOM is performed by syntrophic consortia of specific anaerobic methane-oxidizing archaea (ANME) and sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Cultures with diverse AOM partners exist at temperatures between 12°C and 60°C. Here, from hydrothermally heated sediments of the Guaymas Basin, we cultured deep-branching ANME-1c that grow in syntrophic consortia with Thermodesulfobacteria at 70°C. Like all ANME, ANME-1c oxidize methane using the methanogenesis pathway in reverse. As an uncommon feature, ANME-1c encode a nickel-iron hydrogenase. This hydrogenase has low expression during AOM and the partner Thermodesulfobacteria lack hydrogen-consuming hydrogenases. Therefore, it is unlikely that the partners exchange hydrogen during AOM. ANME-1c also does not consume hydrogen for methane formation, disputing a recent hypothesis on facultative methanogenesis. We hypothesize that the ANME-1c hydrogenase might have been present in the common ancestor of ANME-1 but lost its central metabolic function in ANME-1c archaea. For potential direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET), both partners encode and express genes coding for extracellular appendages and multiheme cytochromes. Thermodesulfobacteria encode and express an extracellular pentaheme cytochrome with high similarity to cytochromes of other syntrophic sulfate-reducing partner bacteria. ANME-1c might associate specifically to Thermodesulfobacteria, but their co-occurrence is so far only documented for heated sediments of the Gulf of California. However, in the deep seafloor, sulfate–methane interphases appear at temperatures up to 80°C, suggesting these as potential habitats for the partnership of ANME-1c and Thermodesulfobacteria.
MASON-NLP at eRisk 2023: Deep Learning-Based Detection of Depression Symptoms from Social Media Texts
Creators: name: Sakib, Fardin Ahsan
name: Choudhury, Ahnaf Atef
name: Uzuner, Ozlem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Depression is a mental health disorder that has a profound impact on people's lives. Recent research suggests that signs of depression can be detected in the way individuals communicate, both through spoken words and written texts. In particular, social media posts are a rich and convenient text source that we may examine for depressive symptoms. The Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) Questionnaire, which is frequently used to gauge the severity of depression, is one instrument that can aid in this study. We can narrow our study to only those symptoms since each BDI question is linked to a particular depressive symptom. It's important to remember that not everyone with depression exhibits all symptoms at once, but rather a combination of them. Therefore, it is extremely useful to be able to determine if a sentence or a piece of user-generated content is pertinent to a certain condition. With this in mind, the eRisk 2023 Task 1 was designed to do exactly that: assess the relevance of different sentences to the symptoms of depression as outlined in the BDI questionnaire. This report is all about how our team, Mason-NLP, participated in this subtask, which involved identifying sentences related to different depression symptoms. We used a deep learning approach that incorporated MentalBERT, RoBERTa, and LSTM. Despite our efforts, the evaluation results were lower than expected, underscoring the challenges inherent in ranking sentences from an extensive dataset about depression, which necessitates both appropriate methodological choices and significant computational resources. We anticipate that future iterations of this shared task will yield improved results as our understanding and techniques evolve.
AstroGarden of Roma Tre University: from presence to online tour
Creators: name: Postiglione, Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The transition of teaching activities to online mode, forced by the Covid-19 emergency, had also positive aspects, as it pushed to create new contents and use new approaches. An example is represented by our experience at the Department of Mathematics and Physics ofRoma Tre University, where we had to revolutionise an activity we carried on countless times over the years: the guided visit to our astronomical garden, the AstroGarden. In this paper, we analyse the new approach we used especially regarding the activities with the so-called oriented globe, the different audiences we reached and the positive feedback we received.
description: preprint
Look Beyond Bias with Entropic Adversarial Data Augmentation
Creators: name: Duboudin, Thomas
name: Dellandréa, Emmanuel
name: Abgrall, Corentin
name: Hénaff, Gilles
name: Chen, Liming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep neural networks do not discriminate between spurious and causal patterns, and will only learn the most predictive ones while ignoring the others. This shortcut learning behaviour is detrimental to a network's ability to generalize to an unknown test-time distribution in which the spurious correlations do not hold anymore. Debiasing methods were developed to make networks robust to such spurious biases but require to know in advance if a dataset is biased and make heavy use of minority counterexamples that do not display the majority bias of their class. In this paper, we argue that such samples should not be necessarily needed because the ''hidden'' causal information is often also contained in biased images. To study this idea, we propose 3 publicly released synthetic classification benchmarks, exhibiting predictive classification shortcuts, each of a different and challenging nature, without any minority samples acting as counterexamples. First, we investigate the effectiveness of several state-of-the-art strategies on our benchmarks and show that they do not yield satisfying results on them. Then, we propose an architecture able to succeed on our benchmarks, despite their unusual properties, using an entropic adversarial data augmentation training scheme. An encoder-decoder architecture is tasked to produce images that are not recognized by a classifier, by maximizing the conditional entropy of its outputs, and keep as much as possible of the initial content. A precise control of the information destroyed, via a disentangling process, enables us to remove the shortcut and leave everything else intact. Furthermore, results competitive with the state-of-the-art on the BAR dataset ensure the applicability of our method in real-life situations.