cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An illustrated guide to landmarks in histological rat and mouse brain images
Creators: name: Bjerke, Ingvild E
name: Ovsthus, Martin
name: Checinska, Martyna
name: Leergaard, Trygve B
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: neuroanatomy
spatial registration
histology
rat
mouse

description: This guide provides an overview of landmark structures in rat and mouse brains that are useful for getting an overview of murine brain anatomy in general and for spatial registration of brain images to reference atlases in particular. The guide includes descriptions and example images of landmarks in the three standard planes (coronal, horizontal, sagittal). The images used in this guide are taken from publicly available datasets.
From Poverty to Prosperity: The Path of Education among the Mississippi Choctaw
Creators: name: Harbour, Stark David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: ABSTRACT      Stark D. Harbour: From Poverty to Prosperity: The Path of Education among the Mississippi Choctaw      (Under the direction of Malinda Maynor Lowery)      The Mississippi Band of Choctaw Indians knew early in their post-recognition existence that education was the key to future success for the tribe. From 1945 to 1963, the MBCI methodically built the framework for an autonomous school district that would provide students with a comprehensive curriculum that addressed tribal needs. The crowning achievement of this project was a high school that kept tribal members in the community for their secondary education. This analysis traces the creation of Choctaw Central High School from conception to completion and highlights the contributions of tribal leaders in making the project a major tribal success. Tribal Chairmen like Emmet York and Philip Martin helped develop a progressive school curriculum and the capital necessary to fund the school as an independent entity. Choctaw Central High School serves as a prime example of Choctaw self-determination and shrewd diplomacy to advance tribal education and the MBCI’s external image.
Ultrafast coherent 2D fluorescence micro-spectroscopy on semiconducting carbon nanotubes at room temperature
Creators: name: Nuß, Matthias
name: Badalan, Alexandru
name: Krohn, Jan-Hagen
name: Müller, Kerstin
name: Li, Donghai
name: Schöppler, Friedrich
name: Hertel, Tobias
name: Brixner, Tobias
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physical organic chemistry
Organic semiconductors
Nonlinear optics and spectroscopy

description: Further developments in nano- and molecular electronics would benefit strongly from the possibility of the spatio-temporal evolution of molecular processes. Non-linear ultrafast techniques provide insights into energy transfer pathways, e.g., mediated via electronic coupling. A comprehensive way to observe these dynamics is ultrafast coherent 2D fluorescence micro-spectroscopy [1]. This method is a generalization of transient absorption spectroscopy with frequency resolution both for the pump and the probe step, combined with spatial resolution in an optical microscope. This provides the capability to observe, e.g., inhomogeneous line broading as well as the formation and annihilation dynamics of excitons on the femtosecond timescale. Here, we utilize the third-order 2D signal for monitoring electronic coupling and energy transfer processes in semiconducting single-walled carbon nanotubes. To this end, an LCD-shaped four pulse sequence with 13 fs temporal encoding of each puls is focused through an NA = 1.4 objective and the fluores-cence is detected as a function of inter-pulse time delays and phases. [1] S. Goetz, et al., Optics Express 26, Nr. 4: 3915-25 (2018)
Non-commutativity: Unusual View
Creators: name: Dvoeglazov, Valeriy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some ambiguities have recently been found in the definition of the partial derivative (in the case of presence of both explicit and implicit dependencies of the function subjected to differentiation). We investigate the possible influence of this subject on quantum mechanics and the classical/quantum field theory. Surprisingly, some commutators of operators of space-time 4-coordinates and those of 4-momenta are {\it not} equal to zero. We postulate the non-commutativity of 4-momenta and we derive mass splitting in the Dirac equation. Moreover, two iterated limits may not commute each other, in general. Thus, we present an example when the massless limit of the function of $E, {\bf p}, m$ does not exist in some calculations within quantum field theory. KEYWORDS: Non-commutativity, quantum mechanics, whole-partial derivatives. PACS: 04.62.+v 02.40.Gh 02.30.-f
description: 4 pp. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:math-ph/0204043
What are the Lived Experience of Intimate Image Abuse in a UK adult population?
Creators: name: Geissler, Emily
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This is a qualitative study which aims to explore the lived experiences of Intimate Image Abuse (often called Revenge Porn) of a UK adult population. Participants will be recruited through social media, The Revenge Porn Helpline, individual faculties at Coventry University, and Coventry University Sona. Participants’ lived experiences will be explored through semi-structured interviews (see attached proposal for details). A semi-structured interview schedule has been created for these interviews (attached). The data gathered form these interviews will be analysed through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis.
Museum Gustavianum — The interface between the academic world and the general public
Creators: name: Munktell, Ing-Marie
name: Ödman, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2012

description: Museum Gustavianum – vahendaja akadeemilise maailma ja tavainimeste vahel Ing-Marie Munktell, Cecilia Ödman, Museum Gustavianum Museum Gustavianum täidab Uppsalas unikaalset rolli olla vahendaja akadeemilise maailma ja tavainimeste vahel. Muuseum asub linna keskaegses südames, endises Uppsala ülikooli hoones. Anatoomiateater katusel annab hoonele tema iseloomuliku ilme. Museum Gustavianum alustas tegevust 1977. Püsiekspositsioon kirjeldab Uppsala ülikooli ajalugu alates aastast 1477 kuni tänapäevani välja. Muuseum on populaarne, seal käib aastas 150 000 külastajat. Tänapäevased muuseumid võivad olla sisult ja organisatsioonilt üsna erinevad. Kuid nende üldine ülesanne on ikka sama – dokumenteerida, säilitada ja näidata. Üldine muuseumide areng on liikunud eliidile kuuluvatest kollektsioonidest kuni suurte laiale avalikkusele avatud keskusteni, kuriositeetide kabinettidest teaduskeskusteni. Museum Gustavianumi strateegilistes plaanides otsustasime keskenduda muuseumi missiooni avalikkusele suunatud osale. Usume, et muuseumid on tulevikus aktiivsed tegijad massihariduses ja uurimistöös, pakkudes avalikku ruumi kultuuri, teadmiste ja ürituste tarvis. Ülikoolide muuseumidele toob avalikkuse laiem kaasamine mitmesugust kasu, tuues ülikooli uusi inimesi erineva taustaga. Mõnikord on sisse ja väljapoole suunatud tööde vahel paraja balansi leidmine keeruline. Kuid pikemas perspektiivis annab kogukonna kaasamine kindlasti tulemuse, millest kõik võivad ainult võita. Me peame endalt küsima – kes hakkab tulevikus muuseumi kasutama ja kes hakkab selle eest maksma? Museum Gustavianum alustab tööd avalikkusega juba koolieelikutest, kaasab kollektsioone kirjeldama ja muuseumitunde läbi viima üliõpilasi jmt. On väga oluline, et me suudaksime ülikoolide juhtkondadele selgitada, milles seisneb kollektsioonide väärtus. Edu sõltub sellest, kui hästi me oskame teha pärandi kasulikuks ja kättesaadavaks.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 40 (2012): Akadeemilise pärandi mõte
Probing Final Stages of Stellar Evolution with X-Ray Observations of SN 2013ej
Creators: name: Chakraborti, Sayan
name: Ray, Alak
name: Smith, Randall
name: Margutti, Raffaella
name: Pooley, David
name: Bose, Subhash
name: Sutaria, Firoza
name: Chandra, Poonam
name: Dwarkadas, Vikram V.
name: Ryder, Stuart
name: Maeda, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive stars shape their surroundings with mass loss from winds during their lifetimes. Fast ejecta from supernovae, from these massive stars, shocks this circumstellar medium. Emission generated by this interaction provides a window into the final stages of stellar evolution, by probing the history of mass loss from the progenitor. Here we use Chandra and Swift x-ray observations of the type II-P/L SN 2013ej to probe the history of mass loss from its progenitor. We model the observed x-rays as emission from both heated circumstellar matter and supernova ejecta. The circumstellar density profile probed by the supernova shock reveals a history of steady mass loss during the final 400 years. The inferred mass loss rate of $3 \times 10^{-6} {\rm \; M_\odot \; yr^{-1}}$ points back to a 14 $M_\odot$ progenitor. Soon after the explosion we find significant absorption of reverse shock emission by a cooling shell. The column depth of this shell observed in absorption provides an independent and consistent measurement of the circumstellar density seen in emission. We also determine the efficiency of cosmic ray acceleration from x-rays produced by Inverse Compton scattering of optical photons by relativistic electrons. Only about 1 percent of the thermal energy is used to accelerate electrons. Our x-ray observations and modeling provides stringent tests for models of massive stellar evolution and micro-physics of shocks.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
The longitudinal relationship between self-compassion and sleep quality
Creators: name: Rakhimov, Arman
name: Realo, Anu
name: Tang, Nicole
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Health Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: anxiety about sleep
subject: insomnia
subject: longitudinal
subject: self-compassion
subject: sleep
subject: sleep hygiene
subject: sleep quality

description: Recent studies have identified a positive association between self-compassion and sleep quality. Self-compassion is the tendency to be understanding, kind and non-judgmental towards oneself when confronted with negative experiences. Thus far, most of the research investigating the role of self-compassion in sleep is cross-sectional and has not examined the potential role of self-compassion in the development of poor sleep in relation to other relevant variables, such as anxiety about sleep or arousability. Previous studies have identified perceived stress and rumination as a mechanism explaining the relationship between self-compassion and sleep quality, but have not examined other cognitive-behavioral factors related to insomnia such as sleep hygiene or anxiety about sleep as potential mediators of the self-compassion—sleep quality relationship. The current study aimed to investigate the temporal association between self-compassion and sleep by conducting a one-year longitudinal study. The key research question of this study is to investigate whether higher scores of self-compassion at baseline (T1) significantly predicts the good quality of sleep in 12 months (T2) controlling for sociodemographic and health-related variables. We want to examine the potential role of self-compassion in the maintenance of sleep quality as well as the interaction of these variables with other risk factors for insomnia. Given the strong correlations between self-compassion, insomnia, depression, anxiety, and well-being, we will also investigate self-compassion as an indirect predictor of depression, anxiety and mental well-being through sleep quality.
A Stacked Search for Intermediate-Mass Black Holes in 337 Extragalactic Star Clusters
Creators: name: Wrobel, J. M.
name: Nyland, K. E.
name: Miller-Jones, J. C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forbes et al. recently used the Hubble Space Telescope to localize hundreds of candidate star clusters in NGC 1023, an early-type galaxy at a distance of 11.1 Mpc. Old stars dominate the light of 92% of the clusters and intermediate-age stars dominate the light of the remaining 8%. Theory predicts that clusters with such ages can host intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) with masses M_BH \lesssim 10^5 M_sun. To investigate this prediction, we used 264 s of 5.5 GHz data from the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (VLA) to search for the radiative signatures of IMBH accretion from 337 candidate clusters in an image spanning 492 arcsec (26 kpc) with a resolution of 0.40 arcsec (22 pc). None of the individual clusters are detected, nor are weighted-mean image stacks of the 311 old clusters, the 26 intermediate-age clusters, and the 20 clusters with stellar masses M_star \gtrsim 7.5 x 10^5 M_sun. The clusters thus lack radio analogs of HLX-1, a strong IMBH candidate in a cluster in the early-type galaxy ESO 243-49. This suggests that HLX-1 is accreting gas related to its cluster's light-dominating young stars. Alternatively, the HLX-1 phenomenon could be so rare that no radio analog is expected in NGC 1023. Also, using a formalism heretofore applied to star clusters in the Milky Way, the radio-luminosity upper limit for the massive-cluster stack corresponds to a mean 3$σ$ IMBH mass of M_BH(massive) < 2.3 x 10^5 M_sun, suggesting mean black-hole mass fractions of M_BH(massive)/M_star < 0.05-0.29.
description: 19 pages; 6 figures; accepted by AJ
What is the cost of including virtual reality in neurological rehabilitation?
Creators: name: Aliprandi, Martina
name: Pan, Yvonne
name: Gough, Suzanne
name: Mosley, Chiara
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy
subject: cost
subject: neurological rehabilitation
subject: neurorehabilitation
subject: virtual reality

description: This systematic scoping review aims to explore the cost of Virtual Reality in Neurological rehabilitation. The specific research questions are: - What are the costs associated with the inclusion of Virtual reality in neurological rehabilitation? - What are the challenges and barriers associated with the inclusion of Virtual Reality within neurological rehabilitation?
Galaxy Bias and Primordial Non-Gaussianity
Creators: name: Assassi, Valentin
name: Baumann, Daniel
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic study of galaxy biasing in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity. For a large class of non-Gaussian initial conditions, we define a general bias expansion and prove that it is closed under renormalization, thereby showing that the basis of operators in the expansion is complete. We then study the effects of primordial non-Gaussianity on the statistics of galaxies. We show that the equivalence principle enforces a relation between the scale-dependent bias in the galaxy power spectrum and that in the dipolar part of the bispectrum. This provides a powerful consistency check to confirm the primordial origin of any observed scale-dependent bias. Finally, we also discuss the imprints of anisotropic non-Gaussianity as motivated by recent studies of higher-spin fields during inflation.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures; v2: minor clarifications in Section 3
A percolation model with continuously varying exponents
Creators: name: Andrade, Roberto F. S.
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work analyzes a percolation model on the diamond hierarchical lattice (DHL), where the percolation transition is retarded by the inclusion of a probability of erasing specific connected structures. It has been inspired by the recent interest on the existence of other universality classes of percolation models. The exact scale invariance and renormalization properties of DHL leads to recurrence maps, from which analytical expressions for the critical exponents and precise numerical results in the limit of very large lattices can be derived. The critical exponents $ν$ and $β$ of the investigated model vary continuously as the erasing probability changes. An adequate choice of the erasing probability leads to the result $ν=\infty$, like in some phase transitions involving vortex formation. The percolation transition is continuous, with $β>0$, but $β$ can be as small as desired. The modified percolation model turns out to be equivalent to the $Q\rightarrow1$ limit of a Potts model with specific long range interactions on the same lattice.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Liivimaa Üldkasuliku ja Ökonoomilise Sotsieteedi liikmetest 1792-1918
Creators: name: Uustalu, Märt
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: On the Members of the Livonian Public Welfare and Economic Society in 1792–1918 From 1792 to 1918 altogether 123 people were accepted as active members of the Livonian Public Welfare and Economic Society; eight members were admitted twice, thus, the organisation had altogether 115 members. The enrolment of new members can be considered quite steady: as a rule, 10 new members were admitted within a decade. It was only in the first decade after founding the Society that 17 active members were admitted, 13 of them in 1792. A remarkable number of members enrolled in the 1860s—in relation to a generational shift, 18 estate owners became members of the organisation. Peter Heinrich von Blanckenhagen, the founder of the Society, had determined that the members of the Society should be members of the Livonian gentry, i.e., the knightage. Most of the 115 members were registered in the matricles of the knightage of Livonia, except Wassili von Zuckerbecker admitted in 1862. The society can be therefore rightfully considered to have united the gentry of Livonia. The estate owners of the neighbouring governorate were ppointed honorary members, as a rule. An exception was Otto Magnus von Gruenewaldt, who was a land councillor in Estonia and had estates in both governorates. The presidents of the Society were mostly from the Estonian district of Livonia, first and foremost from Tartumaa. The members were originally from vastly varied geographic locations. After 1813 and the transferral of the Society to Tartu the membership was dominated by members from the Estonian district, while estate owners from the Latvian district composed 46% of the members. The greatest number of active members was contributed by the Sivers family (13), whose estates were mainly located in Viljandimaa and Tartumaa. One of the largest land owners of the early 20th century Livonia was the Freiherr von Wolff family, who was represented with seven members. The Samson–Himmelstjernas contributed five members. The honorary members were significantly more diverse in their origins. In 1796 the first honorary members were admitted. 316 honorary members were elected until 1918. Besides estate owners; Livonian governors, renowned scientists, church ministers, etc. belonged to the ranks of honorary members. Several former active members also acquired the status of an honorary member. Several well-known agriculturalists, however, never became active members, e.g., the Sangaste estate owner Friedrich von Berg remained an honorary member.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
Irrigating with Municipal Effluent: A Socioeconomic Study of Community Experiences
Creators: name: Christensen, Lee A.
name: Christensen, Lee A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Land application
subject: agricultural and community impacts
subject: case studies
subject: planning guidance
subject: resource recycling

description: This study examines experiences of eight communities using land to treat municipal effluents. Most systems evolved without long-range planning. No distinct methods for land acquisition and management related to the size of the community were identified. Factors identified as important for successful systems operation included a long planning horizon and good working relationships between community officials and landowners. Legal contracts were of secondary importance. Farmers did not adjust their fertilization rates, although they recognized the value of nutrients in the effluent.
description: In Cooperation with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Robert S. Kerr Environmental Research Laboratory. This report was prepared with the support of the Environmental Protection Agency through Interagency Agreement EPA-IA6-DS-0799.
Development of SAFT-g mie models for alkanolamines for carbon capture studies
Creators: name: Khalit, Siti Hajar
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: A reliable prediction of the phase behaviour and thermodynamic properties for acid gas absorption in aqueous alkanolamines is highly desirable in the design and optimisation of carbon capture processes. This thesis contains the development of reliable models for the design and optimisation of alkanolamine solvents using the recently developed SAFT-g Mie group-contribution (GC) equation of state as a predictive framework to study the thermodynamic properties of these multi-functional compounds. The SAFT-g Mie approach allows the determination of the thermo-physical properties of molecules and mixtures in terms their constituent functional groups. The parameters of each functional group are developed from fluid-phase equilibrium data for simple compounds and sometimes mixtures data. Once estimated, the models developed are applied to the study of more complex molecules in a predictive manner. Novel SAFT-g Mie models are developed for pure and up to quaternary systems; including alkylamines, alkanolamines, water, and carbon dioxide. These GC models are able to describe accurately the phase behaviour and thermodynamic properties and are also transferable to the modelling of multi-functional compounds. The development of predictive methods for Henry's constants and surface tensions are also demonstrated using the SAFT-g Mie groups developed. The findings in this thesis validate the applicability of the SAFT-g Mie approach in modelling complex multi-functional molecules and demonstrate its broad relevance for a carbon capture processes.
The role of socioeconomic disadvantage in the relationship between emodiversity and indices of health and well-being
Creators: name: Urban-Wojcik, Emily
name: Schaefer, Stacey
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Emodiversity, or the range and evenness of emotions experienced, has been related to a variety of health and well-being outcomes. Early work on emodiversity using single-occassion surveys demonstrated that both positive and negative emodiversity were related to healthier outcomes, such as fewer symptoms of mental illness and fewer visits to the doctor (Quoidbach et al., 2014). More recently, our research group has examined emodiversity across the span of 8-days in relation to a number of mental health, well-being, physical health, and cognitive health outcomes. We found, in contrast to previous research, that only positive emodiversity was related to beneficial outcomes; having more negative emodiversity in daily life was related to more symptoms of mental illness and physical health symptoms, but was related to better executive functioning. In the present project, we examine how socioeconomic disadvantage impacts the relationship between emodiversity and several indices of health and well-being. We have hypothesized that whether emodiversity characterizes “healthy” or “unhealthy” emotional profiles depends on whether or not an individual has sufficient resources to address the cause of their emotional experience. For example, someone who is relatively less disadvantaged may be better equipped to tackle the cause of a diverse set of negative emotions (e.g., frustration from getting a parking ticket, anxiety about getting a work project done by the deadline) than someone who is more disadvantaged and lacks the resources to change or address their circumstances. As a result, having more diverse negative emotions, even above and beyond average levels of negative emotions, might have a more detrimental association with indices of health and well-being for people who are more socioeconomically disadvantaged.
Liivimaa Üldkasulik ja Ökonoomiline Sotsieteet kui innovaatiline ühistegevusorganisatsioon
Creators: name: Kala, Hillar
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: The Livonian Society as an Innovative Cooperative Organisation The Livonian Public Welfare and Economic Society evolved into a hotbed of innovative cooperative relationships between the cultural and political powers developing the territories of what are now Estonia and Latvia. Its joint action campaigns connected enlightened estate owners, top scientists, representatives of power, later also members of other classes. The Society became a bridgehead in integrating science, economy, education, and culture in the 19th century. Projects beneficial to public welfare in the economic sectors of Livonian agriculture, trade, industry, traffic, insurance, finance, and the cooperative networks of societies promoting them arose from the manors’ need to develop. The Fund of the Society became the grounds for the scientific and economic cooperation in Livonia. The Riga merchant P. H. Blanckenhagen who had personal connections with Tallinn donated a remarkable fortune – 40,000 Albertusthalers – for establishing the Society (this was later supplemented by interests, yearly payments and donations). Back then, that sum was the cash equivalent of more than 3,250 oxen. The election of 12 authorized persons from the ranks of the then elite for administrating the Society was equally important. It later enabled financing scientific and economic projects of personal initiative (triangulation of Livonia, compilation and publication of an atlas of Livonia, levelling of Saaremaa and Livonia, creation of a network of weather observation points, development of an agricultural research centre) the cost of which often exceeded the main capital of the Society several times over. Many cooperative scientific and economic projects that have lasted in time belong to the innovative heritage of the Society – including Struve Geodetic Arc, initiated during the triangulation of Livonia, the only research based item in the UNESCO World Heritage List from the Baltic states. On the 220th anniversary year of the Society and the International Year of Cooperatives of 2012, the historical heritage of the Society enabled one to raise the issue of the viability of such an innovative cooperative model in the 21st century market economic society full of crises. Developing forms of permanent cooperation that unite large entrepreneurs, top scientists, leaders of big local government units has again become painfully relevant. In Latvia and Estonia, the output might be a Livonian Forum rooted in the idea of the Society.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
Quantum communication with macroscopically bright nonclassical states
Creators: name: Usenko, Vladyslav C.
name: Ruppert, Laszlo
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze homodyne detection of macroscopically bright multimode nonclassical states of light and propose their application in quantum communication. We observe that the homodyne detection is sensitive to a mode-matching of the bright light to the highly intense local oscillator. Unmatched bright modes of light result in additional noise which technically limits detection of Gaussian entanglement at macroscopic level. When the mode-matching is sufficient, we show that multimode quantum key distribution with bright beams is feasible. It finally merges the quantum communication with classical optical technology of visible beams of light.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Behavioral, neural, and psychiatric correlates of social feedback
Creators: name: Rappaport, Brent
name: Luby, Joan
name: Barch, Deanna
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This study seeks to test whether brain ERP responses to social feedback (i.e., acceptance and rejection) in late adolescence are related to convergent behavioral measures of reward and loss and psychiatric measures of depression and social anxiety severity.
Kole-härra ja Tartu teadlased. Joogivee mikrobioloogilistest uuringutest Tartus 19. sajandi lõpul
Creators: name: Kalling, Ken
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: Research on the Drinking Water in Tartu in the Late 19th Century The 19th century witnessed positive developments in the maintenance of cities. Various medical and healthcare factors had a role in this, including the understanding of drinking water as a relevant component of applied hygiene. Discussions on the quality of water turned vehement after the nature of infectious diseases was explained, i.e., it was proved that they are caused and transmitted by different microorganisms. The presence of bacteria in water and the need for clean drinking water arising from it was still, however, not immediately unequivocal. The approach to cholera is an example of a model situation, where different theories collided. At the turn of the century there were two theories on the spread of the aforementioned infectious disease that also reached Tartu: the drinking water theory (created by Robert Koch) and the so-called groundwater level theory (Max v. Pettenkofer). The first predicated that the disease spreads in drinking water via disease agents. The other theory considered that the existence of certain favourable geological circumstances is relevant. Both theories fitted the scientific context of their times, i.e., they had strengths and weaknesses. Against the backdrop of the concern for the quality of drinking water, academics got involved in the discussion in Tartu as well. The research performed by Bernhard Körber, professor of hygiene at the University of Tartu, and his students persuaded the school of science here to support the drinking water theory. This was the right direction. Körber was socially active, which, in its turn, helped to shape the environment of Tartu in view of health care, including improving the quality of drinking water.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
A HEAVY-CHAIN-ONLY CAR-T CELL THERAPY ELICITS COMPARABLE ANTITUMOR RESPONSE COMPARED WITH CANONICAL CAR-T CELLS
Creators: name: Wang, Guanmeng
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Despite the encouraging antitumor efficacy of chimeric antigen receptor T cells (CAR-Ts) in blood malignancies, the therapeutic response of CAR-T cells in solid tumors is less pronounced. The undermined response is caused by characteristics of solid tumors such as tumor antigen heterogeneity and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironments. We developed a CAR construct that only includes heavy chain instead of the conventional scFv. As a proof-of-concept design, the small size of the heavy chain could break the size limit of the viral vector to overcome hypofunction of CAR-T cells in solid tumors by allowing additional components to be inserted into the CAR construct. A heavy-chain-only CAR construct targeting prostate specific membrane antigen (PSMA) was first made. Transduced T cells showed robust expansion, high expression of CAR and similar immunophenotypes compared with conventional scFv CAR-T cells.  Immunoblotting demonstrates comparable signaling of heavy-chain only CAR-T cells with conventional scFv CAR-T cells. In vitro coculture showed potent cytotoxicity of heavy-chain-only CAR-T cells against PSMA+ tumor cells without off-target effect and significant release of proinflammatory cytokines. In vivo murine model demonstrated strong antitumor response of heavy-chain-only CAR-T cells. This research lays the foundation for future developments of heavy-chain CAR-T cell system by inserting additional components to overcome solid tumor barriers and manage CAR-T safety.
Jaama pudrett ehk Miks Tartu sai veevärgi nii hilja
Creators: name: Leppik, Lea
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: The Tartu Poudrette factory or Why the Water Supply System in Tartu was constructed so late At times the sanitary problems grew quite grave in the fast growing cities of the 19th century. Technology and medicine also developed swiftly but it was not always that the different fields provided support to each other at the right time and according to necessity. The University of Tartu is known as an innovative centre of medicine. The city had been studied by chemists (e.g., the research on the wells of Tartu by Carl Schmidt), physicians (medical topography already since the early 19th century), demographers (biostatisticians),etc. Considering this, it is somewhat surprising that the sanitary conditions in Tartu were rather poor at length even for those times. The University constructed its own water supply system already in 1889 but institutions and classes were unable to reach an agreement with regard to the city water supply. The newly emergent body of active Estonians responsible for building the grand and modern Vanemuine theatre house was willing to live in quite modest conditions in view of hygiene. In order to solve the city’s issue of human waste a Poudrette factory was built on the territory of the Jaama city estate in 1866. This solution was somewhat outdated already then. The factory produced a fertilizer mix of dry night soil, which sold quite well. Gustav Post, the lessee and later owner, became a rich man. The factory was municipalized even before WW I and it developed to be a substantial source of income for the city in independent Estonia. Tartu was the only city in Estonia where this part of the city’s economy brought a profit. This is likely one of the reasons why a water supply system that covered the entire city was built only in the 1930s in Tartu.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
Põllumajandus rahvatarkuse ja teaduse vahel: folkloristi vaade
Creators: name: Vahtramäe, Ell
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: On Agricultural Sciences through the Eyes of a Folklorist Agriculture is based on understanding and respecting the patterns of nature, and the direct utilisation of nature. The ecological behavioural culture of a dweller of the land, which involves both communion with nature and taking responsibility for one’s part in the relationship, is rooted deep in our subconscious. Both a farmer and cattle breeder have harnessed the fruitfulness of the soil or the reproduction of cattle for their purposes. The scientific and technological development of agriculture is supported by basic and applied sciences. The sciences that served as the basis of agricultural technology began to evolve in the 18th and 19th century. Practical agricultural guidebooks in the first half of the 18th century still imparted old experiences. The guidelines provided often originated from Ancient Roman authors and the Bible. As traditional and science-based agriculture began to develop separately, the 19th century brought along a breakthrough. The development of technology changes society as well as nature. Technology adapts to the needs and expectations of people and society, while it becomes easier to attain and operate. Education, upbringing, and culture as a whole will change in addition to the alteration of technology pursuant to the demands of people and culture. Science is becoming more important in order to provide enough food for all the inhabitants of the Earth in modernity as the population of the Earth is consistently growing, there is only a limited amount of agricultural land and climate change is causing regional production problems as well as uncertainty. Synthetic analogues are increasingly used in addition to the raw produce received from agriculture. As can be said on the basis of analysing Internet forums—it is only habit that is stopping us from switching to artificial food, technologically it is already possible.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
ATLAS: A Real-Space Finite-Difference Implementation of Orbital-Free Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Mi, Wenhui
name: Shao, Xuecheng
name: Su, Chuanxun
name: Zhou, Yuanyuan
name: Zhang, Shoutao
name: Li, Quan
name: Wang, Hui
name: Zhang, Lijun
name: Miao, Maosheng
name: Wang, Yanchao
name: Ma, Yanming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Orbital-free density functional theory (OF-DFT) is a promising method for large-scale quantum mechanics simulation as it provides a good balance of accuracy and computational cost. Its applicability to large-scale simulations has been aided by progress in constructing kinetic energy functionals and local pseudopotentials. However, the widespread adoption of OF-DFT requires further improvement in its efficiency and robustly implemented software. Here we develop a real-space finite-difference method for the numerical solution of OF-DFT in periodic systems. Instead of the traditional self-consistent method, a powerful scheme for energy minimization is introduced to solve the Euler--Lagrange equation. Our approach engages both the real-space finite-difference method and a direct energy-minimization scheme for the OF-DFT calculations. The method is coded into the ATLAS software package and benchmarked using periodic systems of solid Mg, Al, and Al$_{3}$Mg. The test results show that our implementation can achieve high accuracy, efficiency, and numerical stability for large-scale simulations.
The reach, investment, influence and legacy of the Nursing Now global campaign to raise the profile and status of nursing worldwide: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Thomson, Alice
name: Shepherd, Ashley
name: Holloway, Aisha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Public Health
subject: Public Health Education and Promotion
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Other Nursing
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Health Services Research
subject: Nightingale Challenge
subject: Nursing Now

description: The primary objective of the scoping review is to identify, review and describe the evidence to best understand the nature of the three-year Nursing Now global campaign (2018-2020).
Psychotherapeutic interventions for anhedonia in patients with diagnosed depression
Creators: name: Benzouak, Tarek
name: Rao, Sanjay
name: Carson, Sarah
name: Pereira, Lara
name: Kisely, Steve
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Anhedonia
subject: Major Depressive Disorders
subject: Mental Health
subject: Meta-Analysis
subject: Positive Valence System
subject: Psychiatric Research
subject: Psychotherapeutic Interventions
subject: Psychotherapy
subject: Systematic Review

description: Systematic Review evaluating the effects of psychotherapeutic interventions on anhedonia, in patients diagnosed with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).
Structural and Magnetic Phase Transitions in CeCu$_{6-x}T_x$ ($T$ = Ag, Pd)
Creators: name: Poudel, L.
name: de la Cruz, C.
name: Payzant, E. A.
name: May, A. F.
name: Koehler, M.
name: Garlea, V. O.
name: Taylor, A. E.
name: Parker, D. S.
name: Cao, H. B.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Tian, W.
name: Matsuda, M.
name: Jeen, H.
name: Lee, H. N.
name: Hong, T.
name: Calder, S.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Keppens, V.
name: Mandrus, D.
name: Christianson, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structural and the magnetic properties of CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$ (0 $\leq$ $x$ $\leq$ 0.85) and CeCu$_{6-x}$Pd$_x$ (0 $\leq$ $x$ $\leq$ 0.4) have been studied using neutron diffraction, resonant ultrasound spectroscopy (RUS), heat capacity, x-ray diffraction measurements and first principles calculations. The structural and magnetic phase diagrams of CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$ and CeCu$_{6-x}$Pd$_x$ as a function of Ag/Pd composition are reported. The end member, CeCu$_6$, undergoes a structural phase transition from an orthorhombic ($Pnma$) to a monoclinic ($P2_1/c$) phase at 240 K. In CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$, the structural phase transition temperature (${T_{s}}$) decreases linearly with Ag concentration and extrapolates to zero at $x_{S}$ $\approx$ 0.1. The structural transition in CeCu$_{6-x}$Pd$_x$ remains unperturbed with Pd substitution within the range of our study. The lattice constant $b$ slightly decreases with Ag/Pd doping, whereas, $a$ and $c$ increase with an overall increase in the unit cell volume. Both systems, CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$ and CeCu$_{6-x}$Pd$_x$, exhibit a magnetic quantum critical point (QCP), at $x$ $\approx$ 0.2 and $x$ $\approx$ 0.05 respectively. Near the QCP, long range antiferromagnetic ordering takes place at an incommensurate wave vector ($δ_1$ 0 $δ_2$) where $δ_1 \sim 0.62$, $δ_2 \sim 0.25$, $x$ = 0.125 for CeCu$_{6-x}$Pd$_x$ and $δ_1 \sim 0.64$, $δ_2 \sim 0.3$, $x$ = 0.3 for CeCu$_{6-x}$Ag$_x$. The magnetic structure consists of an amplitude modulation of the Ce-moments which are aligned along the $c$-axis of the orthorhombic unit cell.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Lattice QCD study of the Boer-Mulders effect in a pion
Creators: name: Engelhardt, M.
name: Hägler, P.
name: Musch, B.
name: Negele, J.
name: Schäfer, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-dimensional momenta of quarks inside a hadron are encoded in transverse momentum-dependent parton distribution functions (TMDs). This work presents an exploratory lattice QCD study of a TMD observable in the pion describing the Boer-Mulders effect, which is related to polarized quark transverse momentum in an unpolarized hadron. Particular emphasis is placed on the behavior as a function of a Collins-Soper evolution parameter quantifying the relative rapidity of the struck quark and the initial hadron, e.g., in a semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) process. The lattice calculation, performed at the pion mass m_pi = 518 MeV, utilizes a definition of TMDs via hadronic matrix elements of a quark bilocal operator with a staple-shaped gauge connection; in this context, the evolution parameter is related to the staple direction. By parametrizing the aforementioned matrix elements in terms of invariant amplitudes, the problem can be cast in a Lorentz frame suited for the lattice calculation. In contrast to an earlier nucleon study, due to the lower mass of the pion, the calculated data enable quantitative statements about the physically interesting limit of large relative rapidity. In passing, the similarity between the Boer-Mulders effects extracted in the pion and the nucleon is noted.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables
Size and shape of plates and size of wine glasses and bottles: impact on selection of food and alcohol
Creators: name: Clarke, Natasha
name: Pechey, Emily
name: Mantzari, Eleni
name: Pechey, Rachel
name: Ventsel, Minna
name: De-loyde, Katie
name: Morris, Richard
name: Marteau, Theresa
name: Hollands, Gareth
name: Wootton, E
name: Pilling, Mark
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: This is a pre-registration of the detailed statistical analysis plan, before any analyses are conducted.
Professor Dragendorffi teadustegevuse jäljed Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo muuseumi kogudes
Creators: name: Sisask, Sirje
Publisher: name: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi
Year: 2013

description: Evidence of Dragendorff’s scientific work in The University of Tartu History Museum Collections J. G. N. Dragendorff (20.04.1836 – 26.03.1898) was a Professor of Pharmacy at the University of Tartu from 1864 to 1894. The development of equipment and increase in the number of chemical and herbal substances used (3882 different substances) was significant between 1840 and 1885. Currently, there are 5 different collections of herbal and chemical substances in the University of Tartu History Museum from the Dragendorff period: Herbal substances, Microscopic preparations, Park substances, Wallpaper sample and Textile sample collections. The collection of herbal substances is the largest (ca 1200). Most herbal substance exhibits are from the period between 1879 and 1889. However, there are also some exhibits from earlier times (for example 1829 Huanuco, 1846 Hamburg, 1863 Paris and 1867 Venezuela). Professor Dragendorff conducted extensive research to discover the cure for malaria – he was sent Cinchona (Cinchonae cortec) from overseas to be able to prepare a pharmaceutical that helped cure malaria. The microscopic preparations are also from late 19th century – all together 1197 preparations have been described. The Park substances collection consists of 90 closed glass ampoules. Research has focused on park substances extracted from 7 different herbal substances or plants. Wallpaper sample and textile sample collections demonstrate the research focused on finding arsenic in wallpaper and textiles to possibly explain some cases of poisoning. The collection consists of approximately 700 wallpaper and 200 textile samples.
description: Tartu Ülikooli ajaloo küsimusi, No 41 (2013): Teadusinnovatsiooni tee praktikasse
Wristbands use to identify adult patients with difficult airway: protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Prado, Andrea
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Airway
subject: Anestesiology

description: This scoping review is aimed to examine the clinical significance of use of wristbands to identify adult patients with known or predicted difficult airway in hospitals.
Quan điểm về công nghiệp 4.0 từ góc nhìn công nghệ: Đánh giá dựa trên định lượng ấn phẩm khoa học
Creators: name: Ton, Nguyen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Business
subject: Engineering

description: The objective of this article is to clarify the concept, define the boundaries and characteristics of industry 4.0. To achieve this goal, a research method based on Bibliometrics has been applied. One of the advantages of this method is that it allows to highlight research directions and keywords, indicate the views of different authors. The research results show that there is still an uncertain understanding of the industrial revolution 4.0. However, we believe that emerging technologies such as Cyber physical system, Internet of Things, Big data, together with Cloud computing will create a smart factory 4.0.