cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric Phases for Classical and Quantum Dynamics: Hannay angle and Berry Phase for Loops on a Torus
Creators: name: Ghosh, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we have considered closed trajectories of a particle on a two-torus where the loops are noncontractible (poloidal and toroidal loops and knots embedded on a regular torus). We have calculated Hannay angle and Berry phase for particle traversing such loops and knots when the torus itself is adiabatically revolving. Since noncontractible loops do not enclose any area Stokes theorem has to be applied with caution. In our computational scheme we have worked with line integrals directly thus avoiding Stokes theorem.
description: Accepted in Int. J. Th. Physics (2019)
Economics of Manure Disposal and Utilization in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania
Creators: name: Kangondo, Angelique
name: Kangondo, Angelique
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: The objective of this study was to evaluate the alternative economic uses of animal manure and willingness to pay for it among horticultural producers in Morogoro Municipality, Tanzania. Specifically, the study aimed to (i) characterize manure production, disposal and use practices; (ii) analyze the costs and benefits associated with alternative manure use practices and (iii) determine the socio-economic factors that influence willingness of horticultural farmers to pay for manure in the study areas. The study involved 118 livestock keepers and 75 horticultural farmers from four wards: Kilakala, Bigwa, Mazimbu and Mkundi of Morogoro Municipality. Descriptive statistics, analysis of costs and benefits associated with manure use and binary logistic regression were used for data analysis. The study revealed that cattle produced more manure per animal per day (20 kg), while in total chickens produced the largest quantity of manure amounting to approximately 142 million tons per year due to the large number of chickens compared to other animals. Most of the manure produced in Morogoro Municipality was used for crop production and a very small amount used for biogas production. Manure was directly spread on crop farms or stored in heaps for future use. The findings suggest that manure directly and indirectly benefit the users by increasing their income, reduce environmental pollution and improve nutrition. In all analyzed alternative manure uses, the benefits exceeded the costs. The result from logistic regression revealed that education, distance from farm to the market and household income significantly (p<0.05) influenced farmer’s willingness to pay for manure in Morogoro Municipality. It was recommended that local government and other stakeholders should increase awareness to farmers on economic value of manure as well as designing appropriate manure handling practices.
description: A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN AGRICULTURAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS OF SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE. MOROGORO, TANZANIA. Advisor: Dr. Jeremia Makindara
Scolopendra alternans Leach 1813
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Sikes, Derek S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Chilopoda
Scolopendromorpha
Scolopendridae
Scolopendra
Scolopendra alternans

description: Scolopendra alternans Leach, 1813
 Published record. Saba in general (Shelley 2006); Windward Side (Shelley 2002a).
 New localities. None.
 Remarks. The most common Antillean scolopendrid, S. alternans is the only indigenous New World species of Scolopendra lacking an “anterior transverse suture” on the first tergite, a feature shared with the equivalently sized and nearly as common introduced species, S. subspinipes Leach, 1815. They are readily distinguished by the number of ventral spines on the ultimate prefemora, 0–3 arranged linearly in S. subspinipes versus numerous, scattered ones in S. alternans, and by the presence (S. alternans) versus absence (S. subspinipes) of short spines, sometimes elevated on a slight tubercle, on the dorsal distomedial margins of the penultimate and antepenultimate prefemora. Scolopendra alternans is known from a host of Caribbean islands and island groups including Antigua, Bahamas (Andros, Cat, Exuma, Little Inagua, New Providence, North and South Bimini, Salt Cay, San Salvador), Barbuda, British Virgin Islands (Caiba, Guana, Pete’s I., Tortola), Dominica, Guadeloupe, Montserrat, St. Barthélemy, St. Eustatius, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, and US Virgin Islands (St. Croix, St. Thomas) (records summarized in Shelley 2002a). It also inhabits the Keys and southernmost peninsular Florida, USA. Rafting from Cuba, as documented for the similarly distributed tree snail, Liguus fasciatus (Müller) (Roth and Bogan 1984, Deisler-Seno 1994, Shelley 2002a), is the most plausible explanation for its occurrence in this corner of North America. Rafting may also explain its occurrence on Saba.
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M. & Sikes, Derek S., 2012, Centipedes and Millipeds (Arthropoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda) from Saba Island, Lesser Antilles, and a Consolidation of Major References on the Myriapod Fauna of " Lesser " Caribbean Islands Rowland M. Shelley, pp. 1-9 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (221) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10108462
Vortex nucleation in Bose-Einstein condensates in time-dependent traps
Creators: name: Lundh, Emil
name: Martikainen, J. -P.
name: Suominen, Kalle-Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex nucleation in a Bose-Einstein condensate subject to a stirring potential is studied numerically using the zero-temperature, two-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation. It is found that this theory is able to describe the creation of vortices, but not the crystallization of a vortex lattice. In the case of a rotating, slightly anisotropic harmonic potential, the numerical results reproduce experimental findings, thereby showing that finite temperatures are not necessary for vortex excitation below the quadrupole frequency. In the case of a condensate subject to stirring by a narrow rotating potential, the process of vortex excitation is described by a classical model that treats the multitude of vortices created by the stirrer as a continuously distributed vorticity at the center of the cloud, but retains a potential flow pattern at large distances from the center.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures. Changes after referee report: one new figure, new refs. No conclusions altered
title: Abundance
title: Nature in Recovery
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Lloyd, Karen
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Nature and environmental writing

description: This thesis is in two parts, a book of literary essays titled Abundance: Nature in Recovery (80%) exploring narratives of abundance in the natural world, and a reflective essay titled To Receive the Wolf: the Essay in the Anthropocene (20%) in which I examine my creative process. This project uses the literary essay to investigate abundance in the Anthropocene. The research explores themes of activism, consolation and distraction and employs the concept of the ‘agrapha,’ Greek for ‘unwritten,’ to investigate landscapes and themes outside of the existing canon of British nature writing. This research deploys the essay as ‘an eyeball floating above the world, reporting what it sees,’ using imaginative engagement, different ways of paying attention and forms of distraction to situate the essay as a form of ‘environmental justice action.’ The use of memoir is deployed to show the self as a fallible individual in relation to the world, rejecting the notion of a more self-centred memoir. The ‘I’ manifests as a character who uses curiosity to react to a wide range of environmental and human concerns in the geographic, metaphorical and reflective fields. The resulting collection communicates ideas on abundance and loss for a generalist reading public, affiliated towards key exponents of the genre. The reflective critical section addresses my research questions directly. Through them I gain the following understanding: how I use the literary essay and its diverse, formal opportunities to explore abundance in the Anthropocene: the use of literary technique as a means of investigating abundance against a backdrop of global warming and failing biodiversity: establish an ecosystem of writers of influence and contextualise my work as part of a niche within that system: the considerations employed in assembling the whole sequence out of individual essays and the conclusions I have drawn from the research process.
Shapelets: II. A Method for Weak Lensing Measurements
Creators: name: Refregier, Alexandre
name: Bacon, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak gravitational lensing provides a unique method to directly measure the distribution of mass in the universe. Because the distortions induced by lensing in the shape of background galaxies are small, the measurement of weak lensing requires high precision. Here, we present a new method for obtaining reliable weak shear measurements. It is based on the Shapelet basis function formalism of Refregier (2001), in which galaxy images are decomposed into several shape components, each providing independent estimates of the local shear. The formalism affords an efficient modelling and deconvolution of the Point Spread Function. Using the remarkable properties of Shapelets under distortions, we construct a simple, minimum variance estimator for the shear. We describe how we implement the method in practice, and test the method using realistic simulated images. We find our method to be stable and reliable for conditions analogous to ground-based surveys. Compared to earlier methods, our method has the advantages of being accurate, linear, mathematically well-defined, and optimally sensitive, since it uses the full shape information available for each galaxy.
description: 9 Latex pages, including 6 figures and 1 tables. Submitted to MNRAS. Also available at http://www.ast.cam.ac.uk/~ar/
Reflection at large distance from the central engine in Seyferts
Creators: name: Malzac, J.
name: Petrucci, P. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility that most of the reflection component, observed in the hard X-ray spectra of Seyfert galaxies, could be formed on an extended medium, at large distance from the central source of primary radiation (e.g. on a torus). Then, the reflector cannot respond to the rapid fluctuations of the primary source. The observed reflected flux is controlled by the time-averaged primary spectrum rather than the instantaneous (observed) one. We show that this effect strongly influence the spectral fits parameters derived under the assumption of a reflection component consistent with the primary radiation. We find that a pivoting primary power-law spectrum with a nearly constant Comptonised luminosity may account for the reported correlation between the reflection amplitude $R$ and the spectral index $Γ$.
description: Proceeding of the meeting "X-ray emission from accretion onto black hole" 20-23 June 2001, Hopkins University, Baltimore, USA (style file jhuwkshp.sty included)
Additional file 1: of Dietary glycemic index and dietary glycemic load is associated with apelin gene expression in visceral and subcutaneous adipose tissues of adults
Creators: name: Yuzbashian, Emad
name: Golaleh Asghari
name: Aghayan, Maryam
name: Hedayati, Mehdi
name: Zarkesh, Maryam
name: Mirmiran, Parvin
name: Alireza Khalaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Foods contributed to making up different glycemic categories. Table S2. Foods substantially contributed to each GI category and apelin gene expression in adipose tissues. (DOCX 17 kb)
Contribution of On-Farm Diversification to Incomes of Smallholder Farmers in Konoin District, Bomet County
Creators: name: Bernard Kiprono, Rotich
name: Bernard Kiprono, Rotich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Farm diversification is considered an optimal farm plan decision for mitigating varying degrees of risks and uncertainties which surround agricultural production, and also has a benefit of stabilizing or increasing income. Diversified agriculture is widely practiced in Konoin district but smallholder farmers earn low incomes as evidenced by poor living standards amongst the smallholders. The purpose of the study was to evaluate the role of on-farm diversification in poverty alleviation among the smallholder farmers. To achieve this purpose, the study measured the contribution of on-farm diversification to incomes of smallholder farmers and then characterized smallholder farmers based on diversification.In this study an empirical examination of on-farm diversification was carried out by use of cluster sampling and simple random sampling procedures which were employed to sample 154 small-scale farmers in Konoin District.The herfindahl index and t-tests were used to measure the contribution of on-farm diversification to farm incomes and to characterize smallholder farmers based on diversification while the Tobit model was used to identify the factors influencing on-farm diversification.The study obtained a herfindahl index of 0.39 in a continuum of zero (0) to one (1). Out of all the sampled farms, 30.5 percent of them were found to be highly diversified while 69.5 percent were less diversified. This shows that the smallholder farmers in Konoin District are considered less diversified for purposes of income generation given that the index is less than 0.5. On-farm diversification was found to have positive relationship with income given that the highly diversified farms had bigger gross margins than the less diversified farms. Access to the extension services positively influenced farm diversification. Market prices for the farm produce and the distance to the product markets negatively influenced on-farm diversification.
description: A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for a Master of Science Degree in Agriculture and Applied Economics of Egerton University. Advisors: Dr. Lagat J. K. and Dr. Ithinji G.K.
Rotating optical soliton clusters
Creators: name: Desyatnikov, Anton S.
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the concept of soliton clusters -- multi-soliton bound states in a homogeneous bulk optical medium, and reveal a key physical mechanism for their stabilization associated with a staircase-like phase distribution that induces a net angular momentum and leads to cluster rotation. The ringlike soliton clusters provide a nontrivial generalization of the concepts of two-soliton spiraling, optical vortex solitons, and necklace-type optical beams.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Contributions of GRBs and Cen A-like Radio Galaxies to the Cosmic Gamma-ray Background
Creators: name: Watanabe, K.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contribution to the cosmic diffuse gamma-ray background (CGB) from Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) is studied in the 40 keV - 2 MeV regime. We use High Energy Resolution (HER) data from the Burst And Transient Source Experiment (BATSE) aboard the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO) to generate a GRB template spectrum. Although the GRB contribution to the CGB is generally small, in comparison to the dominant flux from Type Ia supernovae, the integrated GRB flux is in fact comparable to that from SNIa in the narrow 10-40 keV range. GRBs contribute to the CGB at the same level as Type II supernovae do. Although BATSE data are not available below ~40 keV, extrapolation of the template spectrum suggests that bursts can fill a significant part of the existing gap between Seyfert galaxies (dominating the CGB below ~ 100 keV) and SNIa (dominating at ~1 MeV). We estimate contributions from Cen A-like (FR I) radio galaxies in this energy regime, where INTEGRAL data is expected to provide major advances.
description: To appear in the proceedings of GAMMA 2001 symposium, 4 pages
The biasing phenomenon
Creators: name: Einasto, J.
name: Liivamägi, L. J.
name: Suhhonenko, I.
name: Einasto, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {We study biasing as a physical phenomenon by analysing geometrical and clustering properties of density fields of matter and galaxies.} {Our goal is to determine the bias function using a combination of geometrical and power spectrum analysis of simulated and real data.} {We apply an algorithm based on local densities of particles, $δ$, to form simulated biased models using particles with $δ\ge δ_0$. We calculate the bias function of model samples as functions of the particle density limit $δ_0$. We compare the biased models with Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) luminosity limited samples of galaxies using the extended percolation method. We find density limits $δ_0$ of biased models, which correspond to luminosity limited SDSS samples.} {Power spectra of biased model samples allow to estimate the bias function $b(>L)$ of galaxies of luminosity $L$. We find the estimated bias parameter of $L_\ast$ galaxies, $b_\ast =1.85 \pm 0.15$. } {The absence of galaxy formation in low-density regions of the Universe is the dominant factor of the biasing phenomenon. Second largest effect is the dependence of the bias function on the luminosity of galaxies. Variations in gravitational and physical processes during the formation and evolution of galaxies have the smallest influence to the bias function. }
description: 20 pages, 16 figures. Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
"ANA-SUSY-2023-03_DirectStau.cxx" of "Search for electroweak production of supersymmetric particles in final states with two $\tau$-leptons in $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV $pp$ collisions with the ATLAS detector"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2024

description: Truth code to compute acceptance for Direct stau signal regions using SimpleAnalysis framework
description: Three searches for the direct production of staus or charginos and neutralinos in final states with at least two hadronically decaying $\tau$-leptons are presented. For chargino and neutralino production, decays via intermediate staus or $Wh$ bosons are considered. The analysis uses a dataset of $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $139\,$fb$^{-1}$, recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV. No significant deviation from the expected Standard Model background is observed and SUSY particle mass limits at 95\% confidence level are obtained in simplified models. For direct production of $\tilde{\chi}_1^{+}\tilde{\chi}_1^{-}$, chargino masses are excluded up to 970 GeV, while $\tilde{\chi}_1^{\pm}$ and $\tilde{\chi}_2^{0}$ masses up to 1160 GeV (330 GeV) are excluded for $\tilde{\chi}_1^{\pm}\tilde{\chi}_2^{0}$/$\tilde{\chi}_1^{+}\tilde{\chi}_1^{-}$ production decaying via staus ($Wh$ bosons). Stau masses up to 500 GeV are excluded for mass degenerate $\tilde{\tau}_{L,R}$ scenarios and up to 425 GeV for $\tilde{\tau}_L$-only scenarios. The first sensitivity to $\tilde{\tau}_R$-only scenarios from the ATLAS experiment is presented here, with $\tilde{\tau}_R$ masses excluded up to 350 GeV.
Interpreting the Behavior of Time Resolved Gamma-Ray Burst Spectra
Creators: name: Lloyd-Ronning, Nicole M.
name: Petrosian, Vahe'
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore time resolved Gamma-Ray Burst (GRB) spectra in the context of the synchrotron emission model presented in Lloyd and Petrosian (2000; LP00). First, we show that our model - which involves three distinct emission regimes - can provide excellent fits to the time resolved spectra of GRBs, and we present these results for a few bursts. We then describe how the phenomenological Band spectrum (Band et al., 1993) can be interpreted in the context of our models based on the value of the low energy photon index $α$. We discuss the types of correlations one would expect to observe among the Band parameters if these models are correct. We then compare these predictions to the existing data, combining a sample of 2,026 time resolved spectra (from approximately 80 bursts). We show that the correlations found in the data are consistent with the models, and discuss the constraints they place on the emission physics. In particular, we find a 4-sigma negative correlation between the peak of the nu-Fnu spectrum, Ep, and the low energy photon index $α$ for bursts with $-2/3 < α< 0$, in contrast to what is predicted by the instrumental effect discussed in LP00. We suggest that this correlation is simply due to the mechanism responsible for producing $α$'s above the value of -2/3 - namely, a decreasing mean pitch angle of the electrons. We also show that Ep is correlated with the photon flux, and interpret this as a result of changing magnetic field or characteristic electron energy between emission episodes. Finally, we discuss the implications our results have on particle acceleration in GRBs, and prospects for further testing these models with the anticipated data from HETE-2, Swift and GLAST.
description: 17 pages, including 13 figures. Accepted to ApJ
DNA Torsional Solitons in Presence of localized Inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Molina, Luis Morales
name: Piedra, Owen Fernandez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper we investigate the influence of inhomogeneities in the dynamics and stability of DNA open states, modeled as propagating solitons in the spirit of a Generalized Yakushevish Model. It is a direct consecuence of our model that there exists a critical distance between the soliton's center of mass and the inhomogeneity at which the interaction between them can change the stability of the open state.Furtherly from this results was derived a renormalized potential funtion.
description: RevTex, 13 pages, 3 figures, final version
Cryptops hortensis
Creators: name: Shelley, Rowland M.
name: Sikes, Derek S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Brachyceridae
Cryptops
Cryptops hortensis

description: Cryptops hortensis (Donovan, 1810)
 Published records. None.
 Locality. Dancing Place Trail Trailhead (17.62452°N, 63.23713°W, +10’), 328m, 20m extent, leaf litter Berlese, 1 ind., 13 March 2008, DS Sikes, JASlowik, GD Alpert. New Island Record.
 Remarks. The specimen, demineralized and lacking the caudal legs, is in poor condition, but the tarsungula overlap when closed and the first tergite overlaps the caudal margin of the cephalic plate, so we are comfortable with the generic and specific determinations. A European species, C. hortensis has been introduced into urban environments across the continental US (Shelley 2002a); Demange (1981) reported C. h. pauciporus Brölemann, 1908, from Guadeloupe.
description: Published as part of Shelley, Rowland M. & Sikes, Derek S., 2012, Centipedes and Millipeds (Arthropoda: Diplopoda, Chilopoda) from Saba Island, Lesser Antilles, and a Consolidation of Major References on the Myriapod Fauna of " Lesser " Caribbean Islands Rowland M. Shelley, pp. 1-9 in Insecta Mundi 2012 (221) on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10108462
Simulating Reionization in Numerical Cosmology
Creators: name: Sokasian, Aaron
name: Abel, Tom
name: Hernquist, Lars E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incorporation of radiative transfer effects into cosmological hydrodynamical simulations is essential for understanding how the intergalactic medium (IGM) makes the transition from a neutral medium to one that is almost fully ionized. Here, we present an approximate numerical method designed to study in a statistical sense how a cosmological density field is ionized by a set of discrete point sources. A diffuse background radiation field is also computed self-consistently in our procedure. The method requires relatively few time steps and can be employed with simulations having high resolution. We describe the details of the algorithm and provide a description of how the method can be applied to the output from a pre-existing cosmological simulation to study the systematic reionization of a particular ionic species. As a first application, we compute the reionization of He II by quasars in the redshift range 3 to 6.
description: 37 pages, 7 figures, Submitted to NewA
Gravitational tidal effects on galactic open clusters
Creators: name: Bergond, Gilles
name: Leon, Stephane
name: Guibert, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the 2-D stellar distribution in the outer parts of three nearby open clusters: NGC 2287 (=M41), NGC 2516, and NGC 2548 (=M48). Wide-field star counts have been performed in two colours on pairs of digitized ESO and SRC Schmidt plates, allowing us to select likely cluster members in the colour-magnitude diagrams. Cluster tidal extensions were emphasized using a wavelet transform. Taking into account observational biases, namely the galaxy clustering and differential extinction in the Galaxy, we have associated these stellar overdensities with real open cluster structures stretched by the galactic gravitational field. As predicted by theory and simulations, and despite observational limitations, we detected a general elongated (prolate) shape in a direction parallel to the galactic Plane, combined with tidal tails extended perpendicularly to it. This geometry is due both to the static galactic tidal field and the heating up of the stellar system when crossing the Disk. The time varying tidal field will deeply affect the cluster dynamical evolution, and we emphasize the importance of adiabatic heating during the Disk-shocking. In the case of NGC 2548, our dating of the last shocking with the Plane (based on a tidal clump) is consistent with its velocity. During the 10-20 Z-oscillations experienced by a cluster before its dissolution in the Galaxy, crossings through the galactic Disk contribute to at least 15% of the total mass loss. Using recent age estimations published for open clusters, we find a destruction time-scale of about 600 Myr for clusters in the solar neighbourhood.
description: To be published in A&A (accepted July 2001). 10 pages, 10 figures. Version with full resolution figures available at http://www.cai-mama.obspm.fr/pagesPersonnelles/bergond/img/referee.ps.gz
On a Periodic Soliton Cellular Automaton
Creators: name: Yura, Fumitaka
name: Tokihiro, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a box and ball system with a periodic boundary condition (pBBS). The time evolution rule of the pBBS is represented as a Boolean recurrence formula, an inverse ultradiscretization of which is shown to be equivalent with the algorithm of the calculus for the 2Nth root. The relations to the pBBS of the combinatorial R matrix of ${U'}_q(A_N^{(1)})$ are also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Relation between d-density wave of electron and staggered flux of spinon
Creators: name: Hamada, Koichi
name: Yoshioka, Daijiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A $d_{x^2-y^2}$-density wave (ddw) order of electron in two-dimensional t-J model is analyzed in saddle point level using the U(1) slave boson formalism. We considered not only the staggered flux (s-flux) order of spinon but also the s-flux order of holon. This analysis provides the relation between the s-flux order of spinon and the ddw order of electron. We discovered a new phase in the phase diagram. In this phase, there is a s-flux order of spinon, but no ddw order of electron.Our results are that 1) a region of electron ddw exists, 2) there is no coexistence of ddw and $d_{x^2-y^2}$-wave pairing (singlet-RVB) in all region of phase diagram, and that 3) the ground state is a purely $d_{x^2-y^2}$ wave superconducting state.
description: Proceedings of LT23 Conference
Additional file 3: of A newly discovered radiation of endoparasitic gastropods and their coevolution with asteroid hosts in Antarctica
Creators: name: Layton, Kara
name: Rouse, Greg
name: Nerida Wilson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Specimen details. Asterophila specimens collected and analysed in this study, along with corresponding host details, locality information, and GenBank accession numbers. Hosts marked with an asterisk lack sequence data. (DOCX 37 kb)
Quantum Inflation: A General Approach to Quantum Causal Compatibility
Creators: name: Wolfe, Elie
name: Pozas-Kerstjens, Alejandro
name: Grinberg, Matan
name: Rosset, Denis
name: Acín, Antonio
name: Navascues, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Causality is a seminal concept in science: Any research discipline, from sociology and medicine to physics and chemistry, aims at understanding the causes that could explain the correlations observed among some measured variables. While several methods exist to characterize classical causal models, no general construction is known for the quantum case. In this work, we present quantum inflation, a systematic technique to falsify if a given quantum causal model is compatible with some observed correlations. We demonstrate the power of the technique by reproducing known results and solving open problems for some paradigmatic examples of causal networks. Our results may find applications in many fields: from the characterization of correlations in quantum networks to the study of quantum effects in thermodynamic and biological processes.
description: V3 updated to match published version
MOESM1 of Habitat-related differences in song structure and complexity in a songbird with a large repertoire
Creators: name: Deoniziak, Krzysztof
name: Osiejuk, Tomasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Map of the study areas. Red circles represent locations where song thrushes were recorded. Map generated from OpenStreetMap open data, licensed under the Open Data Commons Open Database License by the OpenStreetMap Foundation ( https://www.openstreetmap.org/ ). Figure S2. Relationship between the whistle peak frequency and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S3. Relationship between the whistle minimum frequency and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S4. Relationship between syllable repertoire size (number of unique syllable types within 1000 subsequent syllables of continuous song) and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S5. Relationship between whistle repertoire size (number of unique whistle syllable types within 1000 subsequent syllables of continuous song) and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S6. Relationship between twitter repertoire size (number of unique twitter syllable types within 1000 subsequent syllables of continuous song) and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S7. Relationship between twitter fraction (number of twitter syllables within 1000 subsequent syllables of continuous song) and ambient noise level in studied habitats. Figure S8. Relationship between linearity index and ambient noise level in studied habitats.
East Africa Community (EAC) Non Tariff Barriers and their Effects on Tanzanian Small and Medium Agro Enterprises Cross Border Trade
Creators: name: Mkuna, Eliaza
name: Mkuna, Eliaza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: This study was done to assess the East Africa Community (EAC) Non-Tariff Barriers (NTBs) and their effects on Tanzanian small and medium agro enterprises (SMAEs) engaged in EAC cross border trade. Specific objectives were; to describe the structure and characteristics of Tanzanian SMAEs; to examine determinants of Tanzanian SMAEs engagement in EAC cross border trade, to identify NTBs that affect Tanzanian SMAE‘s engaged in the EAC cross Border trade; and, to analyze the effect of identified NTBs on Tanzanian SMAEs trading in the EAC cross border trade. Both secondary and primary data were collected from Arusha, Mwanza, and Kagera. The number of respondents who comprised owners of SMAEs was 105 for those who were trading locally within the country, and 105 for those who were engaged in the EAC cross border trade. Agricultural goods selected were maize, beans and rice as major crops traded within the EAC region. Descriptive Statistics and Binary Logistic linear regression model were used to examine determinants and characteristics of Tanzania SMAEs engaged in EAC cross border trade. Costs and Benefit Analysis method was used to ascertain the projected Net Present Value between exporting agricultural products to EAC countries and trading similar products within the country , and to analyze the effect of NTBs. The results indicate that SMAEs engaged in EAC cross border trade are affected by 26 % of additional transport costs resulting from NTBs. However, there are potential benefits to be earned by SMAEs engaged in cross border trade if NTBs are reduced. Major recommendations are as follows; i) Government and private institutions should decentralize to help in registering and monitoring Agribusiness sector at regional and district level and help to abolish NTBs ii) Increase the pace of harmonizing the trading procedures and policies in the EAC region to assist in smoothing trade activities.
description: A DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT FOR THE REQUIREMENTS OF THE MASTER OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN AGRICULTURAL AND APPLIED ECONOMICS OF SOKOINE UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE. MOROGORO, TANZANIA. Advisor: Prof. Andrew E. Temu
title: Broad-scale patterns of the distribution of body sizes of individuals in ecological communities (NSF Grant #0532847)
Creators: name: White, Ethan P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Funded National Science Foundation CAREER award to: 1. Find and test general models for macroecological patterns 2. Explore the use of maximum entropy approaches in ecology 3. Train scientists in core computational methods 4. Build tools to make it easier for ecologists to work with big data
Additional file 1: of Policy analysis of the Iranian Health Transformation Plan in primary healthcare
Creators: name: Doshmangir, Leila
name: Esmaeil Moshiri
name: Hakimeh Mostafavi
name: Sakha, Minoo
name: Assan, Abraham
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Interview guide. (DOCX 17 kb)
Factors Affecting Adoption and Intensity of Use of Organic Soil Management Practices in Maize Production in Bungoma County, Kenya
Creators: name: Obedy Eric, Gido
name: Obedy Eric, Gido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Farm Management

description: To reduce poverty, which is a major issue in Kenya, the agricultural sector and development policies emphasize on use of chemical inputs as a means to increase food production. These inputs, however, cause a considerable damage to the natural environment. As an alternative, organic agriculture uses minimal external inputs and enhances an ecosystem‟s health by minimizing adverse effects on natural resources. Organic soil management practices in Bungoma County have been promoted intensively by SACRED Africa for more than a decade, however, there is still a low uptake of these practices and their levels of utilization by farmers have not been evaluated. This study focused on factors affecting adoption and intensity of use of organic soil management practices in maize production in Bungoma County. In addition, the study determined the farmers‟ perceptions towards organic soil management practices and also examined a comparative profitability between organic and conventional maize production. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select a representative sample of 150 smallholder farmers and primary data was collected using observations and interviews with the help of a semi-structured questionnaire. In the analysis, descriptive statistics, chi-square test, independent two-sample t-test, a Likert-type five-point continuum scale and a Tobit model were used with the help of STATA, statistical package for social sciences and Excel computer programs. The perception results showed that environmental concern was highly perceived as the most important practice related to organic soil management. The gross margin was higher in organic than conventional maize production, however, result of two-tailed independent t-test was insignificant between organic and conventional maize production. Education level of the household head, age of the household head, household size, farmer‟s positive perception, ownership of land by title deed, group membership, farm distance from the farmer‟s homestead, extension contacts and farmer access to credit influenced adoption and intensity of use of organic soil management practices. The recommended policy interventions in enhancing farmers‟ awareness through extension and training on organic soil management practices, encourage stocking of dried organic manure in shops, improvement on prices of organic products, improving farmer access to credit facilities and enhancing security of tenure through provision of land title deeds. This will promote adoption and intensity of use of organic soil management practices which will in turn lead to environmental sustainability.
description: A thesis submitted to the Graduate School in partial fulfillment for the requirements of the award of Master of Science Degree in Agricultural and Applied Economics of Egerton University. Advisors: Dr. Job K. Lagat (PhD) and Dr. Gicuru K. Ithinji (PhD)
Models and Tools for Collaborative Annotation
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaoyi
name: Lee, Haejoong
name: Bird, Steven
name: Maeda, Kazuaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.2.4; H.5.3; H.5.5; I.2.7

description: The Annotation Graph Toolkit (AGTK) is a collection of software which facilitates development of linguistic annotation tools. AGTK provides a database interface which allows applications to use a database server for persistent storage. This paper discusses various modes of collaborative annotation and how they can be supported with tools built using AGTK and its database interface. We describe the relational database schema and API, and describe a version of the TableTrans tool which supports collaborative annotation. The remainder of the paper discusses a high-level query language for annotation graphs, along with optimizations, in support of expressive and efficient access to the annotations held on a large central server. The paper demonstrates that it is straightforward to support a variety of different levels of collaborative annotation with existing AGTK-based tools, with a minimum of additional programming effort.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Biodiversity productive effects in milk farms of western France: a multi-output primal system
Creators: name: Bareille, François
name: Dupraz, Pierre
name: Bareille, François
name: Dupraz, Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management

description: It is widely recognized that human activities and especially agriculture have negative impacts on biodiversiy. However, biodiversity can also benefit to farmers through its positive effects on production. This two-way causality relationship between biodiversity and agriculture has raised numerous authors to examine the behaviour of farmers regarding environment. However, only few empirical studies have analysed biodiversity management considering previous results in production economics. Indeed, they usually do not take into account farmers’ strategic choices. These studies did notably not correct for the endogenous bias linked to simultaneity of choices between input and output levels and did not take into account market evolution. On the other hand, production economic studies have rarely introduced ecological feedbacks in the production function and prefer to analyse environmental effects in an ex-post way. On this paper, we estimate crop and milk primal production functions of a sample of mixed farms of western France. Our sample is composed of 5654 FADN observations from 2002 to 2014 in French regions of Bretagne, Basse-Normandie and Pays-de-la-Loire. We estimate the productive effect of biodiversity taking into account for the variable input endogenous biases and joint technology specificity. Using Three Stage Least Square method, we estimate linear and quadratic of both production functions with ad-hoc addition of variable input demand functions. We measure biodiversity through the utilization of landscape metric indicators. For the first time in this literature, we examine the effect of two kind of biodiversity: arable land biodiversity and permanent grassland biodiversity. Our preliminary results seem to confirm previous results of the literature on the productive effect of arable land biodiversity on crop production. For the first time in empirical economics analysis, we find that permanent grasslands enhance crop production. On the other side, milk production is less sensible to biodiversity but it seems that permanent grasslands decrease milk production. The effect of arable land biodiversity on milk production is not robust for the moment. Our results can be useful for policymakers as they bring new insights on the management of biodiversity by farmers.
Technical knowledge and production contracts between a company and its suppliers: lessons from a French case-study
Creators: name: Cholez, Celia
name: Magrini, Marie-Benoit
name: Galliano, Danielle
name: Cholez, Celia
name: Magrini, Marie-Benoit
name: Galliano, Danielle
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: supply chain
subject: faba bean
subject: field crops
subject: governance structure
subject: network
subject: transaction costs

description: Changing farming practices to improve crop diversification requires knowledge acquisition and transfer between the actors involved. Drawing on the theory of transaction costs and the knowledge economy, this article analyses the ways in which production contracts between an agri-feed company (the buyer) and storage organisations (suppliers) promote the transfer of technical knowledge needed for growing a minor crop in France. Semi-structured interviews with the company and its suppliers showed that there was a considerable need of technical knowledge for drawing up the contract, and that collectively organising the contract fostered knowledge transfer among actors.
Linearization of holomorphic semicocycles in Banach spaces
Creators: name: Elin, Mark
name: Jacobzon, Fiana
name: Katriel, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 37F99, Secondary 58D25, 46G20

description: We consider holomorphic semicocycles on the open unit ball in a Banach space taking values in a Banach algebra. We establish criteria for a semicocycle to be linearizable, that is, cohomologically equivalent to one independent of the spatial variable.
Alternative Food Networks and short food chains: estimating the economic value of the participation in solidarity purchasing groups
Creators: name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
name: Corsi, Alessandro
name: Novelli, Silvia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2016
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: Solidarity purchasing groups (SPGs) are common Alternative Food Networks in many towns in Italy. They are set up by groups of citizens who cooperate in order to buy food and other commonly used goods collectively and directly from producers, at a price that is fair to both parties. Within the group, the choice of the products and the farmers usually follow some guidelines related to the respect for the environment and the solidarity between the members of the group and the producers. Though still a small niche, SPGs are quite numerous and represent an interesting alternative to traditional setting of the food chain. The main motivation of members for participating in SPGs is arguably not a monetary one, i.e., it is not lower prices. Ethical motivations and environmental concerns are typically proposed among the goals of the groups. Nevertheless, the budget constraint is always operating, and it is of interest to measure how much the ethical and environmental motivations are able to overcome the budget constraint. This is tantamount to measure the value members attach to their participation to the SPG. Hence, the aim of this study was to estimate the value that group members attach to their participation. A stated preferences methodology was employed on a first sample of members of SPGs in Torino (Italy) and other neighbouring towns to estimate the value consumers buying in such groups attach to this particular channel, relative to the conventional supermarkets. Preliminary results show that SPG members do state a preference for buying with their organization rather than at a supermarket’s even when the prospected prices are substantially higher when purchasing through the SPG.