cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nulling Tomography with Weak Gravitational Lensing
Creators: name: Huterer, Dragan
name: White, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore several strategies of eliminating (or nulling) the small-scale information in weak lensing convergence power spectrum measurements in order to protect against undesirable effects, for example the effects of baryonic cooling and pressure forces on the distribution of large-scale structures. We selectively throw out the small-scale information in the convergence power spectrum that is most sensitive to the unwanted bias, while trying to retain most of the sensitivity to cosmological parameters. The strategies are effective in the difficult but realistic situations when we are able to guess the form of the contaminating effect only approximately. However, we also find that the simplest scheme of simply not using information from the largest multipoles works about as well as the proposed techniques in most, although not all, realistic cases. We advocate further exploration of nulling techniques and believe that they will find important applications in the weak lensing data mining.
description: Matches the published version
Robust Group Subspace Recovery: A New Approach for Multi-Modality Data Fusion
Creators: name: Ghanem, Sally
name: Panahi, Ashkan
name: Krim, Hamid
name: Kerekes, Ryan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robust Subspace Recovery (RoSuRe) algorithm was recently introduced as a principled and numerically efficient algorithm that unfolds underlying Unions of Subspaces (UoS) structure, present in the data. The union of Subspaces (UoS) is capable of identifying more complex trends in data sets than simple linear models. We build on and extend RoSuRe to prospect the structure of different data modalities individually. We propose a novel multi-modal data fusion approach based on group sparsity which we refer to as Robust Group Subspace Recovery (RoGSuRe). Relying on a bi-sparsity pursuit paradigm and non-smooth optimization techniques, the introduced framework learns a new joint representation of the time series from different data modalities, respecting an underlying UoS model. We subsequently integrate the obtained structures to form a unified subspace structure. The proposed approach exploits the structural dependencies between the different modalities data to cluster the associated target objects. The resulting fusion of the unlabeled sensors' data from experiments on audio and magnetic data has shown that our method is competitive with other state of the art subspace clustering methods. The resulting UoS structure is employed to classify newly observed data points, highlighting the abstraction capacity of the proposed method.
description: 10 pages
Solving a Set of Truncated Dyson-Schwinger Equations with a Globally Converging Method
Creators: name: Maas, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A globally converging numerical method to solve coupled sets of non-linear integral equations is presented. Such systems occur e.g. in the study of Dyson-Schwinger equations of Yang-Mills theory and QCD. The method is based on the knowledge of the qualitative properties of the solution functions in the far infrared and ultraviolet. Using this input, the full solutions are constructed using a globally convergent modified Newton iteration. Two different systems will be treated as examples: The Dyson-Schwinger equations of 3-dimensional Yang-Mills-Higgs theory provide a system of finite integrals, while those of 4-dimensional Yang-Mills theory at high temperatures are only finite after renormalization.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, submitted to Comput. Phys. Commun; one subsection expanded with additional technical details, a few other minor modifications and updates, version to appear in Comput. Phys. Commun
The Final Frontier? Border Effects and German Regional Wages
Creators: name: Brakman, Steven
name: Garretsen, Harry
name: Schramm, Marc
name: Brakman, Steven
name: Garretsen, Harry
name: Schramm, Marc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: economic geography
subject: empirical estimation
subject: Germany

description: Recent studies of border effects have focused on the intra-country and inter-country comparison of trade flows. It is found that borders have a negative impact on the size of cross-border trade. In order to estimate border effects on a regional level one needs not only data on inter-country but also on intra-country trade. For many countries (regional) data on intra-country trade are simply lacking, which makes an analysis of border effects and border regions cumbersome. In this paper we take a different approach to measure the impact of borders. We estimate a market potential function for German regional wages and by analysing whether German border regions can be distinguished from the other regions in terms of their wages. We use a market potential function because its basic idea (regional wages fall the further one moves away from economic centers) can be grounded on different trade theories and also because the resulting wage equation is related to border effect studies based on trade flows. We use a data set for 441 German districts for the years 1992 and 1995. In general, we find some evidence that is consistent with the existence of border effects but this evidence is probably better looked upon as an indication of a strong localisation of demand spillovers on regional wages in general. Even though border effects can not be ruled out, the overriding outcome is that of a strong localization of demand spill-overs for all German regions.
Austrian Border Regions and Eastern Integration A Low Competitiveness - High Growth Paradoxon
Creators: name: Mayerhofer, Peter
name: Mayerhofer, Peter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Border Regions
subject: Integration
subject: EU Enlargement
subject: Regional Competitiveness
subject: Austria

description: Many regions on the EU Eastern borders have developed favourably after the opening up of the border and the implementation of association agreements with the CEECs. This was often seen as a positive sign for the further perspectives of these regions after EU enlargement. In this paper we take a closer look at the mechanisms involved in a case study for Austria. Based on a very disaggregated data set at a regional as well as sectoral level we find that neither sectoral preconditions nor locational advantages can explain the good performance of (rural) border regions after 1989. Using multivariate cluster analyses we group 3-digit-industries to theoretically founded typologies indicating different sector characteristics and find that (fast growing) rural border regions are dominated by industries that show disadvantageous characteristics for eastwest trade. Furthermore, we identify locational factors relevant for regional growth in a traditional Barro-style growth regression and find a regional distribution of these factors in Austria, which also places rural border regions at a disadvantage. Rather than these factors or advantages from proximity to the new markets, impacts internal to the Austrian markets seem to determine regional growth patterns in the 1990s. Therefore it would be misleading to take a stable development of rural border regions after EU enlargement for granted due to past experiences.
Additional file 1 of Citizen science as a tool for arboviral vector surveillance in a resourced-constrained setting: results of a pilot study in Honiara, Solomon Islands, 2019
Creators: name: Craig, Adam T.
name: Kama, Nathan
name: Fafale, George
name: Bugoro, Hugo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Simplified mosquito identification card.
Finanzierungsstruktur und Risiken im Unternehmenssektor der Bundesrepublik Deutschland - Eine empirische Bestandsaufnahme
Creators: name: Grossl, Ingrid
name: Stahlecker, Peter
name: Wohlers, Eckhardt
name: Grossl, Ingrid
name: Stahlecker, Peter
name: Wohlers, Eckhardt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Der vorliegende Beitrag geht an Hand verschiedener Indikatoren der Frage nach, ob sich von der finanziellen Seite her die wirtschaftlichen Risiken bei westdeutschen Unternehmen vergroBert haben. Die Untersuchung stutzt sich auf eine Sonderauswertung der Bilanzstatistik der Deutschen Bundesbank fur Unternehmen verschiedener GroBenklassen. Die Auswertung legt den SchluB nahe, daB sich im Zeitraum 1987-1996 insbesondere bei kleineren und mittleren Unternehmen in Westdeutschland die finanzwirtschaftlichen Risiken spurbar erhoht haben. Hinweise dafur sind der trendmaBige Anstieg des Verschuldungsgrades und der Zinsdeckungsquote, sowie eine nachlassende Fahigkeit, aus dem Cash Flow Verbindlichkeiten zu tilgen bzw. Eigenkapital zu bilden. Zusatzliche Tests zeigen uberdies, daB sich bei kleineren und mittleren Unternehmen veranderte Risiken auch im Investitionsverhalten niederschlagen. Angesichts der groBen Bedeutung solcher Unternehmen ergeben sich aus alledem gesamtwirtschaftlich betrachtliche Risiken fur Wachstum und Beschaftigung. Zudem wird die Wirksamkeit geldpolitischer Impulse beeintr achtigt und der Handlungsspielraum der Geldpolitik eingeschrankt.
Ein bisher unbekanntes Manuskript von Joseph Karst über Kirchen und Klöster Georgiens
Creators: name: Kaufhold, Hubert
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 88 (2004): Oriens christianus, Band 88
Can material time derivative be objective?
Creators: name: Matolcsi, T.
name: Van, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of objectivity in classical field theories is traditionally based on time dependent Euclidean transformations. In this paper we treat objectivity in a four-dimensional setting, calculate Christoffel symbols of the spacetime transformations, and give covariant and material time derivatives. The usual objective time derivatives are investigated.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
MILLIY QADRIYATLARNING INSON HAYOTIDAGI O'RNI
Creators: name: Tilavoldiyeva, Validaxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Qadriyatlar har bir millatning o‘tmishi, buguni va kelajagini oynadek ko‘rsatib turuvchi eng muhim omillardan biri. Olimlar qadriyatlarni milliy, diniy, mahalliy, mintaqaviy va umuminsoniy kabi bir qator turlarga shartli bo‘ladilar.Milliy qadriyatlar mahalliy va diniy qadriyatlarga, umuminsoniy qadriyatlar esa ko‘plab milliy qadriyatlarga tayanib shakllanadi va asrlar osha takomillashib boraveradi.
Precise Experimental Test of the Luttinger Theorem and Particle-Hole Symmetry for a Strongly Correlated Fermionic System
Creators: name: Hossain, Md. S.
name: Mueed, M. A.
name: Ma, M. K.
name: Rosales, K. A. V.
name: Chung, Y. J.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: Shayegan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fundamental concept in physics is the Fermi surface, the constant-energy surface in momentum space encompassing all the occupied quantum states at absolute zero temperature. In 1960, Luttinger postulated that the area enclosed by the Fermi surface should remain unaffected even when electron-electron interaction is turned on, so long as the interaction does not cause a phase transition. Understanding what determines the Fermi surface size is a crucial and yet unsolved problem in strongly interacting systems such as high-$T_{c}$ superconductors. Here we present a precise test of the Luttinger theorem for a two-dimensional Fermi liquid system where the exotic quasi-particles themselves emerge from the strong interaction, namely for the Fermi sea of composite fermions (CFs). Via direct, geometric resonance measurements of the CFs' Fermi wavevector down to very low electron densities, we show that the Luttinger theorem is obeyed over a significant range of interaction strengths, in the sense that the Fermi sea area is determined by the density of the \textit{minority carriers} in the lowest Landau level. Our data also address the ongoing debates on whether or not CFs obey particle-hole symmetry, and if they are Dirac particles. We find that particle-hole symmetry is obeyed, but the measured Fermi sea area differs quantitatively from that predicted by the Dirac model for CFs.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Ten Years After: What Is Special about Transition Countries?
Creators: name: Gros, Daniel
name: Suhrcke, Marc
name: Gros, Daniel
name: Suhrcke, Marc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Most countries commonly classified as "in transition" are still recognisably different from other countries with a similar income per capita in some respects: a larger share of their work force is in industry, they use more energy, they have a more extensive infrastructure and invest more in schooling. However, in terms of the "software" necessary for a market economy, two groups emerge: the countries that are candidates for EU membership seem to have partly completed the transition. By contrast, the countries from the former Soviet Union that form the CIS and the BALKAN countries, are still lagging behind especially in terms of the enforcement of property rights and the development of financial markets.
Mid-Infrared Spectra of Classical AGN Observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope
Creators: name: Weedman, D. W.
name: Hao, Lei
name: Higdon, S. J. U.
name: Devost, D.
name: Wu, Yanling
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Brandl, B.
name: Bass, E.
name: Houck, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Full low resolution (65
description: Accepted by ApJ
Ubertragung des Demokratiemodells der Neuen Politischen Okonomie auf die Klimapolitk
Creators: name: Michaelowa, Axel
name: Michaelowa, Axel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Klimapolitik ist aufgrund der Vielfalt der direkt betroffenen Akteursgruppen, ihrer globalen Reichweite und ihres extrem langen Zeithorizonts besonders anfällig für Verzerrungen durch Interessengruppen. Daher ist die Theorie der Neuen Politischen Ökonomie gut geeignet, die klimapolitische Realität zu erklären. Auf nationaler Ebene ist die Stärke der Emittenteninteressen selbst in Hocheinkommensländern mit einer expliziten Wählerpräferenz für Umwelt- und Klimapolitik noch so groß, daß eine ernsthafte Klimapolitik nur in seltenen Fällen zustandekommt. Meist kommt es zur klimapolitischen "Umverpackung" von Maßnahmen, die aus ganz anderen Beweggründen zustandegekommen sind. Derartige Maßnahmen sind in der Regel ineffizient und führen nicht zu einer relevanten Emissionsverringerung. Auf internationaler Ebene widersprechen die Ergebnisse der bisherigen Klimaverhandlungen jedoch dem erwarteten Freifahrerverhalten. Die Struktur der Verhandlungen begünstigt die Interessengruppen, die sich für Klimaschutz einsetzen. Daher kommt es in der Regel zu Beschlüssen, die über den Minimalkonsens herausgehen. Allerdings reicht der Beschlußhorizont weit in die Zukunft. Die Umsetzung der Ziele in nationale Politiken gestaltet sich aufgrund der anderen Interessenkonstellation schwerfällig und unvollständig. Da der klimapolitische Prozeß erst kurze Zeit läuft, kam es bisher noch nicht zu Konflikten hinsichtlich der Inkompatibilität anspruchsvoller internationaler Ziele und schwacher nationaler Politiken. Der Ratifizierungsprozeß des Kyoto-Protokolls wird ein erster Test dafür sein. Allerdings ist damit zu rechnen, daß es auf nationaler Ebene zu einer Verschiebung der Akteurskonstellationen kommt, die langfristig zu einer effizienteren Umsetzung klimapolitischer Maßnahmen führen könnte.
Towards Integrating True Random Number Generation in Coherent Optical Transceivers
Creators: name: Milovančev, Dinka
name: Vokić, Nemanja
name: Pacher, Christoph
name: Khan, Imran
name: Marquardt, Christoph
name: Boxleitner, Winfried
name: Hübel, Hannes
name: Schrenk, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integration of quantum communication functions often requires dedicated opto-electronic components that do not bode well with the technology roadmaps of telecom systems. We investigate the capability of commercial coherent transceiver sub-systems to support quantum random number generation next to classical data transmission, and demonstrate how the quantum entropy source based on vacuum fluctuations can be potentially converted into a true random number generator for this purpose. We discuss two possible implementations, building on a receiver- and a transmitter-centric architecture. In the first scheme, balanced homodyne broadband detection in a coherent intradyne receiver is exploited to measure the vacuum state at the input of a 90-degree hybrid. In our proof-of-principle demonstration, a clearance of >2 dB between optical and electrical noise is obtained over a wide bandwidth of more than 11 GHz. In the second scheme, we propose and evaluate the re-use of monitoring photodiodes of a polarization-multiplexed inphase/quadrature modulator for the same purpose. Time-interleaved random number generation is demonstrated for 10 Gbaud polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase shift keyed data transmission. The availability of detailed models will allow to calculate the extractable entropy and we accordingly show randomness extraction for our two proof-of-principle experiments, employing a two-universal strong extractor.
Pegs, Baskets, and the Importance of Policy Credibility: Lessons of the 1992-92 ERM Crisis
Creators: name: Volz, Ulrich
name: Volz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: exchange rate regimes
subject: regional monetary systems
subject: EMS crisis
subject: policy credibility

description: This paper argues that, in contrast to the popular bipolar view on exchange rate choices, intermediate regimes in general and regional exchange rate systems such as the European Monetary System (EMS) in particular should not be ruled out per se even in today's world of highly mobile capital. The paper highlights that the 1992/93 crisis of the EMS' Exchange Rate Mechanism was a crisis of an exchange rate system and not just the collapse of unilateral pegs pursued by individual countries. Based on an assessment of credibility of the EMS before and during the crisis, the paper discusses distinct features that add to the credibility of regional exchange rate systems. It reasons that a system that is built around well-defined rules, and which is managed very carefully and co-operatively according to those rules, could be both credible and sustainable even in the 21st century.
Protektion passe?
Creators: name: Hasse, Rolf H.
name: Hasse, Rolf H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: International Economic Order
subject: Commercial Policy
subject: Trade Negotiations

description: Die Frage nach dem Stand und der Entwicklung des Handelsprotektionismus wird vielfach vereinfachend beantwortet: Danach haben die GATT-Runden einen kontinuierlichen Abbau bewirkt. Diese Aussage wird überprüft. Dabei wird von vier Thesen ausgegangen: (1) Protektionismus ist ein integraler Bestandteil der internationalen Arbeitsteilung. (2) Die internationale Arbeitsteilung hat stetig zugenommen, ebenso aber auch die Wettbewerbsbeschränkungen zugunsten der nationalen Wertschöpfung. (3) Die Analyse der GATT-Runden klammert wesentliche Protektionswirkungen der Währungspolitik aus. (4) Die Ausweitung der GATTPrinzipien auf den Dienstleistungshandel (GATS) sowie den Handel mit geistigem Eigentum (TRIPS) wird einen Zuwachs an (neuem) Protektionismus hervorrufen, denn die Nachfrage nach Protektionismus ist dauerhaft und wandlungsfähig. Neben der Begründung dieser Thesen werden neue Wege zur Protektionsabwehr aufgezeigt, vor allem eine endogene Variante, die die bisherigen Formen der Entstehung einer Nachfrage nach Protektionismus auf dem politischen Markt grundsätzlich ändert. Ferner wird ein politisches Konzept vorgestellt, wie die Länder der Triade (EU, Japan, USA) ihre Handelskonflikte mindern und die WTO stärken könnten. The question of the state and the evolution of protectionism often gets a simplified answer: The main view is that the GATT Rounds have been achieving a continuous reduction. This view is partly revised based on four propositions: (1) Protectionism is an integral part of the international division of labour. (2) The international division of labour has been steadily growing, but so did the protection of the national value added, too. (3) The analyses of the GATT Rounds neglect the essential protective effects of exchange controls and exchange rate misalignments. (4) The extension of the GATT principles to the trade in services (GATS) and intellectual property rights (TRIPS) will cause and increase (new) protectionist measures, because the demand for protection is steady and flexible. Two proposals are offered to contain a rising demand for protection and to strengthen the GATT principles. First, a proposal for an endogenous barrier to this demand. Second, a concept of how the countries of the Triad (EU, Japan, USA) may reduce their trade conflicts and thereby help strengthening the GATT rules.
Collapse of the Entangled State and the Entropy Increase in an Isolated System
Creators: name: Zhang, Qi-Ren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the collapse of the entangled quantum state makes the entropy increase in an isolated system. The second law of thermodynamics is thus proven in its most general form.
description: 6 pages
Equal Emissions per Capita over Time - A Proposal to Combine Responsibility and Equity of Rights
Creators: name: Bode, Sven
name: Bode, Sven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: allocation of GHG emission entitlements
subject: Brazilian Proposal
subject: CDM
subject: Contraction & Convergence
subject: equity
subject: post 2012 climate regime

description: After Future climate policy regimes may be based on the Kyoto-Protocol or on other policy instruments such as carbon-taxes. Any effective regime based on the Protocol requires the determination of the concrete contributions by each Party. This involves namely the time of contribution and the quantification of the contribution itself. By now many proposals exist for the two issues, as for example thresholds like GDP per capita for the question of timing or emissions per capita for an allocation of emission rights. Based on the two justice principle responsibility and equity of rights that form the basis for the so-called Brazilian Proposal and Contraction & Convergence respectively, a new approach is developed: Future emission rights are allocated on the basis of equal emissions per capita over time. By so doing not only are emissions per capita (EPC) taken into account during the allocation but also their evolution over time. I show that nations with high EPC may even be allocated negative quantities of emissions right due to their historical "burden". On the other hand, Parties with low EPC would be allocated large amounts of "fair air" which can increase the incentive to accept absolute emission targets. Even though this approach may currently lack political acceptability, it offers another analytical reference point for the political bargaining process on future allocations.
Practical Issues Concerning Temporary Carbon Credits in the CDM
Creators: name: Dutschke, Michael
name: Schlamadinger, Bernhard
name: Dutschke, Michael
name: Schlamadinger, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Clean Development Mechanism
subject: Forestry

description: Afforestation and reforestation (AR) projects in the Clean Development Mechanism are able to create emission permits that can be accounted against the industrialized countries' commitments for limiting their greenhouse gas emissions, as agreed under the Kyoto Protocol. The discussion of how to treat credits from temporary carbon stocks is centering on the proposal for expiring emission credits from AR, which in the subsequent commitment period need to be replaced. While the basic methodological question is thus being solved, the practicalities arising from the solution have so far not been considered. The authors make new proposals on accounting modalities, define the tCER value as compared to a permanent CER, and forecast who will be the potential buyers for temporary offsets.
Multinational Activity in a Macroeconomic Model of the Small Open Economy
Creators: name: Otto, Alkis Henri
name: Otto, Alkis Henri
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Foreign Direct Investment
subject: Multinational activity
subject: Welfare effects
subject: Macroeconomic effects

description: We study the effects of FDI and increasing multinational activity utilizing a macroeconomic two-sector model of the small open economy with flexible exchange rates and perfect capital mobility. The focus is on horizontal greenfield investment and its impact on production, exchange rates, trade, and welfare. In the host country, an increase in multinational activity harms the established industries. Nevertheless it increases welfare. In the home country, an increase in multinational activity lowers domestic output of the established industries too and, thereby, decreases welfare.
Imprints of mass accretion on properties of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Faltenbacher, Andreas
name: Allgood, Brandon
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
name: Yepes, Gustavo
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large scale SPH+N-body simulation (GADGET) of the concordance LCDM universe is used to investigate orientation and angular momentum of galaxy clusters at z=0 in connection with their recent accretion histories. The basic cluster sample comprises the 3000 most massive friends-of-friends halos found in the 500 Mpc/h simulation box. Two disjoint sub-samples are constructed, using the mass ratio of the two most massive progenitors at z=0.5 m_2 / m_1 (m_1 < m_2), namely a recent major merger sample and a steady accretion mode sample. The mass of clusters in the merger sample is on average ~43% larger than the mass of the two progenitors (m_1 + m_2), whereas in the steady accretion mode sample a smaller increase of ~25% is found. The separation vector connecting the two most massive progenitor halos at z=0.5 is strongly correlated with the orientation of the cluster at z=0. The angular momentum of the clusters in the recent major merger sample tends to be parallel to orbital angular momentum of the two progenitors, whereas the angular momentum of the steady accretion mode sample is mainly determined by the angular momentum of the most massive progenitor. The long range correlations for the major and the minor principal axes of cluster pairs extend to distances of ~100 Mpc/h. Weak angular momentum correlations are found for distances < 20 Mpc/h. Within these ranges the major axes tend to be aligned with the connecting line of the cluster pairs whereas minor axes and angular momenta tend to be perpendicular to this line. A separate analysis of the two sub-samples reveals that the long range correlations are independent of the mass accretion mode. Thus orientation and angular momentum of galaxy clusters is mainly determined by the accretion along the filaments independently of the particular accretion mode.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, replaced to match version accepted for publication in MNRAS
Conformal regularization of Einstein's field equations
Creators: name: Rohr, Niklas
name: Uggla, Claes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study asymptotic structures, we regularize Einstein's field equations by means of conformal transformations. The conformal factor is chosen so that it carries a dimensional scale that captures crucial asymptotic features. By choosing a conformal orthonormal frame we obtain a coupled system of differential equations for a set of dimensionless variables, associated with the conformal dimensionless metric, where the variables describe ratios with respect to the chosen asymptotic scale structure. As examples, we describe some explicit choices of conformal factors and coordinates appropriate for the situation of a timelike congruence approaching a singularity. One choice is shown to just slightly modify the so-called Hubble-normalized approach, and one leads to dimensionless first order symmetric hyperbolic equations. We also discuss differences and similarities with other conformal approaches in the literature, as regards, e.g., isotropic singularities.
description: New title plus corrections and text added. To appear in CQG
Regulating spin dynamics of graphene flakes
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Henner, V. K.
name: Belozerova, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method of regulating spin dynamics of the so-called magnetic graphene is analyzed. Magnetic moments can be incorporated into graphene flakes and graphene ribbons through defects, such as adatoms and vacancies. Local spins can also be attached to graphene at hydrogenated zigzag edges. Spin flips can be produced by transverse pulses and by connecting the sample to a resonance electric coil. The action of the resonator feedback field strongly accelerates spin reversal. The possibility of fast spin reversal is important for spintronics and for quantum information processing allowing for an efficient functioning of spin registers.
description: Latex file, 11 pages, 6 figures
Irreversibility in a simple reversible model
Creators: name: Kumicak, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper studies a parametrized family of familiar generalized baker maps, viewed as simple models of time-reversible evolution. Mapping the unit square onto itself, the maps are partly contracting and partly expanding, but they preserve the global measure of the definition domain. They possess periodic orbits of any period, and all maps of the set have attractors with well defined structure. The explicit construction of the attractors is described and their structure is studied in detail. There is a precise sense in which one can speak about absolute age of a state, regardless of whether the latter is applied to a single point, a set of points, or a distribution function. One can then view the whole trajectory as a set of past, present and future states. This viewpoint is then applied to show that it is impossible to define a priori states with very large "negative age". Such states can be defined only a posteriori. This gives precise sense to irreversibility -- or the "arrow of time" -- in these time-reversible maps, and is suggested as an explanation of the second law of thermodynamics also for some realistic physical systems.
description: 15 pages, 12 Postscript figures
Additional file 8 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 8:. Table 7: Sensitivity analyses of associations of DDS, FVS and four DPS with wasting (WHZ
Diffusion and submonolayer island growth during hyperthermal deposition on Cu(100) and Cu(111)
Creators: name: Jahma, M. O.
name: Rusanen, M.
name: Karim, A.
name: Koponen, I. T.
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
name: Rahman, T. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the influence of realistic island diffusion rates to homoepitaxial growth on metallic surfaces using a recently developed rate equation model which describes growth in the submonolayer regime with hyperthermal deposition. To this end, we incorporate realistic size and temperature-dependent island diffusion coefficients for the case of homoepitaxial growth on Cu(100) and Cu(111) surfaces. We demonstrate that the generic features of growth remain unaffected by the details of island diffusion, thus validating the generic scenario of high density of small islands found experimentally and theoretically for large detachment rates. However, the details of the morphological transition and scaling of the mean island size are strongly influenced by the size dependence of island diffusion. This is reflected in the scaling exponent of the mean island size, which depends on both temperature and the surface geometry.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures
Mapping the "long tail" of research funding: A topic analysis of NSF grant proposals in the Division of Astronomical Sciences
Creators: name: Stahlman, Gretchen R.
name: Heidorn, P. Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: "Long tail" data are considered to be smaller, heterogeneous, researcher-held data, which present unique data management and scholarly communication challenges. These data are presumably concentrated within relatively lower-funded projects due to insufficient resources for curation. To better understand the nature and distribution of long tail data, we examine National Science Foundation (NSF) funding patterns using Latent Dirichlet Analysis (LDA) and bibliographic data. We also introduce the concept of "Topic Investment" to capture differences in topics across funding levels and to illuminate the distribution of funding across topics. This study uses the discipline of astronomy as a case study, overall exploring possible associations between topic, funding level and research output, with implications for research policy and practice. We find that while different topics demonstrate different funding levels and publication patterns, dynamics predicted by the "long tail" theoretical framework presented here can be observed within NSF-funded topics in astronomy.
description: Conference paper accepted to 83rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Information Science & Technology (ASIS&T), October 24-28, 2020
Additional file 6 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6: Table 5 Characteristics and frequencies of food intake of children aged
Additional file 5 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5:. Table 4 Percentage of 523 children aged
Additional file 7 of Dietary habits associated with growth development of children aged
Creators: name: Mank, Isabel
name: Vandormael, Alain
name: Issouf Traoré
name: Windpanga Aristide Ouédraogo
name: Sauerborn, Rainer
name: Danquah, Ina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 7:. Table 6 Sensitivity analyses of associations of DDS, FVS, and four DPS with stunting (HAZ
A study on pre-service physics teachers' conceptualization on elementary quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Pantoja, Glauco Cohen F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present the results of a research in which we aimed to evidence obstacles and advances in pre-service teachers' conceptualization on a subject involving elementary Quantum Mechanics. We based our analysis on the theories due to David Ausubel and Gèrard Vergnaud to study Meaningful Learning patterns, both in predicative and operator form of knowledge, of six students involved in a didactical intervention composed of six classes, in which we emphasized both similarities and differences between Classical and Quantum Physics. With this intervention, we intended to teach the concepts of Physical Systems, Dynamical Variables, State of a Physical System and Time Evolution. We guided our data analysis by the methodology of content analysis and it turned possible to map Meaningful Learning patterns involving the four concepts to which were associated a set of essential features in the predicative stage and a set of theorems-in-action in the operatory stage relating the aim-concepts in problem-solbing or conceptual mapping.
description: 18 pages
Magnetoresistance of mesoscopic granular ferromagnets
Creators: name: Vilchik, A. Y. Dokow H.
name: Frydman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed magnetoresistance (MR) measurements of granular ferromagnets having lateral dimensions smaller than 0.5 $μ$m and containing a small number of grains (down to about 100). Compared to macroscopic samples, these granular samples exhibit unusually large saturation fields and MR amplitudes. In addition, the evolution of the magnetoresistance curve as the intergrain distance decreases is qualitatively different than that of large samples. We discuss these results and suggest that they reflect a transition from percolation to quasi single-channel dominated transport.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Seismic Solar Models from Ledoux discriminant inversions
Creators: name: Buldgen, G.
name: Eggenberger, P.
name: Baturin, V. A.
name: Corbard, T.
name: Christensen-Dalsgaard, J.
name: Salmon, S. J. A. J.
name: Noels, A.
name: Oreshina, A. V.
name: Scuflaire, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Sun constitutes an excellent laboratory of fundamental physics. With the advent of helioseismology, we were able to probe its internal layers with unprecedented precision. However, the current state of solar modelling is still stained by tedious issues. One of these problems is related to the disagreement between models computed with recent photospheric abundances and helioseismic constraints. We use solar evolutionary models as initial conditions for reintegrations of their structure using Ledoux discriminant inversions. The resulting models are defined as seismic solar models, satisfying the equations of hydrostatic equilibrium. They will allow us to better constrain the internal structure of the Sun and provide complementary information to that of evolutionary models. These seismic models were computed using various reference models with different equations of state, abundances and opacity tables. We check the robustness of our approach by confirming the good agreement of our seismic models in terms of sound speed, density and entropy proxy inversions as well as frequency-separation ratios of low-degree pressure modes. Our method allows us to determine with an excellent accuracy the Ledoux discriminant profile of the Sun and compute full profiles of this quantity. Our models show an agreement with seismic data of ~0.1% in sound speed, density and entropy proxy as well as with the observed frequency-separation ratios. They surpass all standard and non-standard evolutionary models including ad-hoc changes aiming at reproducing helioseismic constraints. The obtained seismic Ledoux discriminant profile as well as the consistent structure obtained from our procedure paves the way for renewed attempts at constraining the solar modelling problem and the missing physical processes acting in the solar interior by breaking free from the hypotheses of evolutionary models.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive pion production
Creators: name: Elschenbroich, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the first time single-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive pion production are measured by the HERMES experiment with a transversely polarised hydrogen target. Two different sine-modulations are extracted which can be related to the transversity δq(x) and Sivers f_{1T}^{\perp q}(x) quark distribution functions. The extracted sine-moments still contain small sub-leading twist contributions which can be extracted from HERMES data combining the results from the transversely polarised hydrogen target with previously measured results from a longitudinally polarised hydrogen target.
description: 6 pages, contribution to the proceedings for the 21st Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics
AMALGUM -- A Free, Balanced, Multilayer English Web Corpus
Creators: name: Gessler, Luke
name: Peng, Siyao
name: Liu, Yang
name: Zhu, Yilun
name: Behzad, Shabnam
name: Zeldes, Amir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a freely available, genre-balanced English web corpus totaling 4M tokens and featuring a large number of high-quality automatic annotation layers, including dependency trees, non-named entity annotations, coreference resolution, and discourse trees in Rhetorical Structure Theory. By tapping open online data sources the corpus is meant to offer a more sizable alternative to smaller manually created annotated data sets, while avoiding pitfalls such as imbalanced or unknown composition, licensing problems, and low-quality natural language processing. We harness knowledge from multiple annotation layers in order to achieve a "better than NLP" benchmark and evaluate the accuracy of the resulting resource.
description: Accepted at LREC 2020. See https://www.aclweb.org/anthology/2020.lrec-1.648/ (note: ACL Anthology's title is currently out of date)
title: Political issues of the 1821 Revolution in Crete
title: State formation, war economy and revolutionary dynamics
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Πολιτικά ζητήματα της Επανάστασης του 1821 στην Κρήτη
title: Κρατική συγκρότηση, οικονομία πολέμου και δυναμική της επανάστασης
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Skalidakis, Yannis
Publisher: name: Kallipos, Open Academic Editions
Year: 2024
Subjects: Κρατική συγκρότηση
Οικονομία πολέμου
Δυναμική της επανάστασης
Κρήτη
Επανάσταση
Θεσμοί εξουσίας
Πόλεμος ανεξαρτησίας
State formation
War economy
Revolutionary dynamics
Crete
Revolution
Power institutions
War of independence

description: This monograph deals with the Revolution of 1821 in Crete on two levels. At the first level, an attempt is made to reconstruct the events from the beginning of the revolution in 1821 until its cessation in 1830. At this level, the revolution in Crete is related to the evolution of the revolution in mainland Greece. The context of Ottoman Crete at the eve of the revolution is presented, as well as the two distinct episodes of the revolutionary struggle (1821-1824, 1825-1830). At the second level, the specific revolutionary event is taken as a case study to examine specific dimensions of a revolutionary process, such as the dialectical relationship between war and state formation, the conditions and limits of a war economy, and the dynamics that develop in the context of a revolution. At this level, our subject of study is examined based on theories of political science and historical sociology. The mechanisms of the war economy, logistics and recruiting, the conduct of war on land and sea, the formation of power institutions and the relations between local and central administration are presented separately. A chronology of events, bibliographic guide and documents appendix are included.
description: Η μονογραφία αυτή πραγματεύεται την Επανάσταση του 1821 στην Κρήτη σε δύο επίπεδα. Στο πρώτο επίπεδο, γίνεται μια προσπάθεια ανασύστασης των γεγονότων από την έναρξη της επανάστασης το 1821 έως και την κατάπαυση της το 1830. Σε αυτό το επίπεδο, η επανάσταση στην Κρήτη συσχετίζεται με την εξέλιξη της επανάστασης στην κυρίως Ελλάδα. Παρουσιάζεται το πλαίσιο της οθωμανικής Κρήτης και των παραμονών της επανάστασης, καθώς και τα δύο διακριτά επεισόδια του επαναστατικού αγώνα (1821-1824, 1825-1830). Στο δεύτερο επίπεδο, το συγκεκριμένο επαναστατικό γεγονός λαμβάνεται ως παράδειγμα για τη μελέτη συγκεκριμένων διαστάσεων μιας επαναστατικής διαδικασίας, όπως η διαλεκτική σχέση πολέμου και κρατικής συγκρότησης, οι προϋποθέσεις και τα όρια μιας πολεμικής οικονομίας και οι δυναμικές που αναπτύσσονται στο πλαίσιο μιας επανάστασης. Σε αυτό το επίπεδο, το αντικείμενο μελέτης μας εξετάζεται με βάση θεωρίες της πολιτικής επιστήμης και ιστορικής κοινωνιολογίας. Παρουσιάζονται ξεχωριστά, οι μηχανισμοί της οικονομίας πολέμου, η επιμελητεία και η στρατολογία, ο τρόπος πολέμου σε ξηρά και θάλασσα, η συγκρότηση θεσμών εξουσίας και οι σχέσεις τοπικής και κεντρικής διοίκησης. Συμπεριλαμβάνεται χρονολόγιο γεγονότων, βιβλιογραφικός οδηγός και παράρτημα τεκμηρίων.