cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: LA DÉSINFECTION DES PISCINES THERMALES DE DAX • Étude de l’efficacité de l’hypochlorite de sodium • Influence de la chloration sur la composition physico-chimique de l’eau minérale naturelle
title: Spa swimming pool’s disinfection : study of efficiency of sodium hypochlorite and of the impact on physico-chemical characteristics of natural mineral water of Dax
Creators: name: Dubourg, Karine
name: Gregoire, Patrick
name: Lagière, Joël
Publisher: name: Société Française de Médecine Thermale
Year: 2008

description: Face aux réglementations sanitaires toujours plus contraignantes pour le thermalisme, l’Institut du thermalisme de l’Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2 se doit d’apporter des solutions techniques pertinentes et directement applicables par les exploitants thermaux. C’est dans ce contexte qu’un ensemble d’expérimentations a été réalisé sur un prototype piscine thermale afin d’étudier l’efficacité d’un désinfectant chloré, l’hypochlorite de sodium, sur la contamination organique apportée par les curistes et son incidence sur les caractéristiques physico-chimiques de l’eau minérale naturelle de Dax.
Les premiers résultats obtenus nous permettent déjà de démontrer que l’ajustement et le maintien de l’hypochlorite de sodium à une concentration de 1 mg/l en chlore libre actif dans le bassin a une faible influence sur la composition physico-chimique de l’eau minérale naturelle mais une bonne efficacité sur les germes pathogènes.
description: Face to the ever-increasing sanitary regulations binding on thermal health resorts, Thermalism Institute, component of Bordeaux 2 Victor Segalen University, must provide relevant technical solutions, directly applicable by thermal health resorts managers. It is in this context that a serie of experiments was carried out on a thermal pool prototype, in order to study the efficiency of a chlorinated disinfectant, sodium hypochlorite, on the organic contamination brought by patients, and study the impact on physico-chemical characteristics of natural mineral water of Dax.
The first results already allow us to demonstrate that adjustment and stabilization of sodium hypochlorite at a concentration of 1 mg/l on active free chlorine in the thermal pool, has a small influence on natural mineral water physico-chemical composition, but is really efficient on pathogens.
High-performance monolayer MoS2 field-effect transistor with large-scale nitrogen-doped graphene electrodes for Ohmic contact
Creators: name: Seo, Dongjea
name: Lee, Dong Yun
name: Kwon, Junyoung
name: Lee, Jea Jung
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Lee, Gwan-Hyoung
name: Kim, Keun Soo
name: Hone, James
name: Kim, Young Duck
name: Choi, Heon-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A finite Schottky barrier and large contact resistance between monolayer MoS2 and electrodes are the major bottlenecks in developing high-performance field-effect transistors (FETs) that hinder the study of intrinsic quantum behaviors such as valley-spin transport at low temperature. A gate-tunable graphene electrode platform has been developed to improve the performance of MoS2 FETs. However, intrinsic misalignment between the work function of pristine graphene and the conduction band of MoS2 results in a large threshold voltage for the FETs, because of which Ohmic contact behaviors are observed only at very high gate voltages and carrier concentrations (~1013 cm-2). Here, we present high-performance monolayer MoS2 FETs with Ohmic contact at a modest gate voltage by using a chemical-vapor-deposited (CVD) nitrogen-doped graphene with a high intrinsic electron carrier density. The CVD nitrogen-doped graphene and monolayer MoS2 hybrid FETs platform exhibited a large negative shifted threshold voltage of -54.2 V and barrier-free Ohmic contact under zero gate voltage. Transparent contact by nitrogen-doped graphene led to a 214% enhancement in the on-current and a four-fold improvement in the field-effect carrier mobility of monolayer MoS2 FETs compared with those of a pristine graphene electrode platform. The transport measurements, as well as Raman and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy analyses before and after thermal annealing, reveal that the atomic C-N bonding in the CVD nitrogen-doped graphene is responsible for the dominant effects of electron doping. Large-scale nitrogen-doped graphene electrodes provide a promising device platform for the development of high-performance devices and the study of unique quantum behaviors.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Logically-consistent hypothesis testing in the hexagon of oppositions
Creators: name: Stern, Julio M.
name: Esteves, Luis G.
name: Izbicki, Rafael
name: Stern, Rafael B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Although logical consistency is desirable in scientific research, standard statistical hypothesis tests are typically logically inconsistent. In order to address this issue, previous work introduced agnostic hypothesis tests and proved that they can be logically consistent while retaining statistical optimality properties. This paper characterizes the credal modalities in agnostic hypothesis tests and uses the hexagon of oppositions to explain the logical relations between these modalities. Geometric solids that are composed of hexagons of oppositions illustrate the conditions for these modalities to be logically consistent. Prisms composed of hexagons of oppositions show how the credal modalities obtained from two agnostic tests vary according to their threshold values. Nested hexagons of oppositions summarize logical relations between the credal modalities in these tests and prove new relations.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Elliptic flow at collider energies and cascade string models: The role of hard processes and multi-Pomeron exchanges
Creators: name: Zabrodin, E. E.
name: Fuchs, C.
name: Bravina, L. V.
name: Faessler, Amand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Centrality, rapidity, and transverse momentum dependence of hadron elliptic flow is studied in Au+Au collisions at BNL RHIC energies within the microscopic quark-gluon string model. The QGSM predictions coincide well with the experimental data at $\sqrt{s}=130$ AGeV. Further investigations reveal that multi-Pomeron exchanges and hard gluon-gluon scattering in primary collisions, accompanied by the rescattering of hadrons in spatially anisotropic system, are the key processes needed for an adequate description of the data. These processes become essentially important for heavy-ion collisions at full RHIC energy $\sqrt{s}=200$ AGeV.
description: LATEX, 12 pages incl. 4 figures, to be published in Phys. Lett. B
A monolayer transition metal dichalcogenide as a topological excitonic insulator
Creators: name: Varsano, Daniele
name: Palummo, Maurizia
name: Molinari, Elisa
name: Rontani, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides in the T' phase promise to realize the quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect at room temperature, because they exhibit a prominent spin-orbit gap between inverted bands in the bulk. Here we show that the binding energy of electron-hole pairs excited through this gap is larger than the gap itself in MoS2, a paradigmatic material that we investigate from first principles by many-body perturbation theory (MBPT). This paradoxical result hints at the instability of the T' phase against the spontaneous generation of excitons, and indeed we find that it gives rise to a recostructed `excitonic insulator' ground state. Importantly, we show that in this system topological and excitonic order cooperatively enhance the bulk gap by breaking the crystal inversion symmetry, in contrast to the case of bilayers where the frustration between the two orders is relieved by breaking time reversal symmetry. The excitonic topological insulator departs distinctively from the bare topological phase as it lifts the band spin degeneracy, which results in circular dichroism. A moderate biaxial strain applied to the system leads to two additional excitonic phases, different in their topological character but both ferroelectric as an effect of electron-electron interactions.
description: five colour figures
A possible resolution of the e+e- --> Nbar N puzzle
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We sketch some recent ideas proposed as the mechanism behind the puzzling experimental results on baryon-antibaryon production in e+e- annihilation close to threshold. The essential new point in the proposed mechanism is that it is a two-stage process, with a coherent state of pions serving as an intermediary between e+e- and the baryon-antibaryon system. Skyrmion-antiskyrmion annihilation is proposed as a concrete computational framework for a quantitative description of the baryon-antibaryon annihilation. We also point out the possible connection to similarly puzzling data on baryon-antibaryon production in photon-photon collision.
description: Invited talk at the workshop "e+e- Physics at Intermediate Energies", SLAC, April 30 - May 2, 2001; paper No. W10; 6 pages, 6 figures
Spacetime Density Variance Theory: A New Perspective on Gravity and Dark Matter
Creators: name: Davis, Robert Bruce
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics

description: The Spacetime Density Variance Theory (SDV) proposes that variations inspacetime density create gravitational effects, potentially eliminating the need fordark matter. This document presents a detailed investigation into the validity ofSDV through gravitational lensing anomalies, time dilation studies, and cosmic raytrajectory analysis. The theory offers an alternative to General Relativity-basedgravity models by suggesting that the effects attributed to dark matter may insteadarise from variations in spacetime density itself.
Corrugated Features in Coronal-mass-ejections-driven Shocks: A Discussion on the Predisposition to Particle Acceleration
Creators: name: Páez, A.
name: Jatenco-Pereira, V.
name: Falceta-Gonçalves, D.
name: Opher, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the acceleration of particles is an essential element of research in the heliospheric science. Here, we discuss the predisposition to the particle acceleration around coronal mass ejections (CMEs)-driven shocks with corrugated wave-like features. We adopt these attributes on shocks formed from disturbances due to the bimodal solar wind, CME deflection, irregular CME expansion, and the ubiquitous fluctuations in the solar corona. In order to understand the role of a wavy shock in particle acceleration, we define three initial smooth shock morphologies each one associated with a fast CME. Using polar Gaussian profiles we model these shocks in the low corona. We establish the corrugated appearance on smooth shock by using combinations of wave-like functions that represent the disturbances from medium and CME piston. For both shock types, smooth and corrugated, we calculate the shock normal angles between the shock normal and the radial upstream coronal magnetic field in order to classify the quasi-parallel and quasi-perpendicular regions. We consider that corrugated shocks are predisposed to different process of particle acceleration due to irregular distributions of shock normal angles around of the shock. We suggest that disturbances due to CME irregular expansion may be a decisive factor in origin of particle acceleration. Finally, we regard that accepting these features on shocks may be the start point for investigating some questions in the sheath and shock, like downstream-jets, instabilities, shock thermalization, shock stability, and injection particle process.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal
Extending data curation to interdisciplinary and highly collaborative research
Creators: name: Cook, Kimberly
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: As research becomes increasingly connected and team-based, data activities become more complex. Challenges are technical and social in nature and more attention will need to be directed toward resolving this issues on multiple levels. From teams to institutions, interdisciplinary and highly collaborative research (IHCR) presents new opportunities for information professionals to extend their services in support of research that addresses the intricacies of society's problems. The question of how to go about doing this is the subject of a project recently funded by the Institute of Museum and Library Services (#LG-246400-OLS-20) to investigate the current landscape of IHCR and provide recommendations for workflows and resources that will support its future development. This presentation outlines preliminary findings and emerging patterns from both the literature and active case studies.
Bayesian analysis of the constraints on gamma from B --> K pi rates and CP asymmetries in the flavour-SU(3) approach
Creators: name: Bargiotti, M.
name: Bertin, A.
name: Bruschi, M.
name: Capponi, M.
name: De Castro, S.
name: Fabbri, L.
name: Faccioli, P.
name: Galli, D.
name: Giacobbe, B.
name: Marconi, U.
name: Massa, I.
name: Piccinini, M.
name: Poli, M.
name: Cesari, N. Semprini
name: Spighi, R.
name: Vagnoni, V.
name: Vecchi, S.
name: Villa, M.
name: Vitale, A.
name: Zoccoli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the branching ratios and direct CP asymmetries of B --> K pi decays and the angle gamma of the CKM unitarity triangle is studied numerically in the general framework of the SU(3) approach, with minimal assumptions about the parameters not fixed by flavour-symmetry arguments. Experimental and theoretical uncertainties are subjected to a statistical treatment according to the Bayesian method. In this context, the experimental limits recently obtained by CLEO, BaBar and Belle for the direct CP asymmetries are translated into the bound |gamma - 90 deg| > 21 deg at the 95% C.L.. A detailed analysis is carried out to evaluate the conditions under which measurements of the CP averaged branching ratios may place a significant constraint on gamma. Predictions for the ratios of charged (R_c) and neutral (R_n) B --> K pi decays are also presented.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, 11 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
Characterization and demonstration of a black carbon aerosol mimic for instrument evaluation
Creators: name: Zangmeister, Christopher D.
name: Grimes, Courtney D.
name: Dickerson, Russell R.
name: Radney, James G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: This study describes the characterization of a H2O-dispersible, highly-absorbing carbonaceous nanomaterial that mimics the morphological and spectroscopic properties of aged black carbon aerosol (BC). When atomized from aqueous suspension, the material forms particles with a collapsed morphology resembling aged soot or BC. The material is >90 percent elemental carbon and has a mass absorption coefficient (MAC) and spectral dependence consistent with BC values published in the literature. The MAC at a wavelength of 532 nm decreased monotonically from 8.5 to 5.8 m2 g−1 for aerosol with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 500 nm. The single scatter albedo (SSA) at wavelengths of 405 nm and 660 nm was a function of both wavelength and mobility diameter and increased from 0.1 to 0.4 with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 400 nm. The Ångström absorption exponent (AAE) between λ = 405 nm and 780 nm decreased monotonically from 1.4 to 0.6 for aerosol with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 400 nm. We demonstrate that this material can be used for fast, efficient calibration of aerosol photoacoustic spectrometers and for evaluation of spectroscopic-based measurements of aerosol mass concentration using in-situ photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and filter-based light attenuation measurements for up 50 µg m−3, enabling inter-method and inter-laboratory instrument comparison. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
QCD Factorization in B -> pi K, pi pi Decays and Extraction of Wolfenstein Parameters
Creators: name: Beneke, M.
name: Buchalla, G.
name: Neubert, M.
name: Sachrajda, C. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the heavy-quark limit, the hadronic matrix elements entering nonleptonic $B$-meson decays into two light mesons can be calculated from first principles including ``nonfactorizable'' strong-interaction corrections. The $B\toπK,ππ$ decay amplitudes are computed including electroweak penguin contributions, SU(3) violation in the light-cone distribution amplitudes, and an estimate of power corrections from chirally-enhanced terms and annihilation graphs. The results are then used to reduce the theoretical uncertainties in determinations of the weak phases $γ$ and $α$. In that way, new constraints in the $(\barρ,\barη)$ plane are derived. Predictions for the $B\toπK, ππ$ branching ratios and CP asymmetries are also presented. A good global fit to the (in part preliminary) experimental data on the branching fractions is obtained without taking recourse to phenomenological models.
description: 81 pages, LaTeX
Corrections to sink strengths used in rate equation simulations of defects in solids
Creators: name: Ahlgren, Tommy
name: Heinola, Kalle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean-field rate equations have proven to be a versatile method in simulating defect dynamics and temporal changes in the micro-structure of materials. However, the reliability and usefulness of the method depends critically on the defect interaction parameters used. In this study, we show that the sink strength depends also on the detrapping or dissociation process. The sink strength for a defect that is detrapped, is much larger than the values usually used. We present a theory how to determine the appropriate sink strength, and show that the rate equation method, in some cases, gives wrong results if the detrapping dependence on the sink strength parameter is omitted.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Dynamic response of light absorption by PM2.5 bound water-soluble organic carbon to heterogeneous oxidation
Creators: name: Debajyoti Ray
name: Soumendra Singh
name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Sibaji Raha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Along with greenhouse gases, worldwide biomass-burning events add substantial amounts of a complex optical system consisting of elemental carbon and organic particulate matter to the atmosphere. These particulate matters significantly affect the Earth’s radiation balance as well as perturb the precipitation pattern. Considerable attention has been given to the impact of physicochemical transformation or aging on the optical properties of aqueous solution (a homogeneous medium) of light-absorbing fractions of the organic particulate matter. However, their heterogeneous photochemical aging remains largely unexplored. This experimental study explores heterogeneous absorbance photo-bleaching kinetics of the water-soluble organic-carbon (WSOC) intrinsic to PM2.5 from rice straw smoldering smoke. In the wavelength region of 280–400 nm, the absorption ability decreased consistently with aging while a characteristic initial increase of absorption was observed in the 400–500 nm intervals, which again decreased with further aging. The dynamic light absorptivity of the WSOC may not be related to the corresponding mass concentrations. The relative quantum efficiency of the heterogeneous aging of these WSOC was estimated to be (0.01‒0.3) %. The kinetic results suggest that their half-life could be nearly a week under ambient solar radiation. Copyright © 2019 American Association for Aerosol Research
Sparsity of integer solutions in the average case
Creators: name: Oertel, Timm
name: Paat, Joseph
name: Weismantel, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We examine how sparse feasible solutions of integer programs are, on average. Average case here means that we fix the constraint matrix and vary the right-hand side vectors. For a problem in standard form with m equations, there exist LP feasible solutions with at most m many nonzero entries. We show that under relatively mild assumptions, integer programs in standard form have feasible solutions with O(m) many nonzero entries, on average. Our proof uses ideas from the theory of groups, lattices, and Ehrhart polynomials. From our main theorem we obtain the best known upper bounds on the integer Caratheodory number provided that the determinants in the data are small.
description: Fixed some typos from the IPCO version
Supersymmetric SU(3)^3 unification with Anomalous U(1)_A Gauge Symmetry
Creators: name: Maekawa, Nobuhiro
name: Shafi, Qaisar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider supersymmetric unification based on the gauge symmetry SU(3)_C\times SU(3)_L\times SU(3)_R supplemented by an anomalous U(1)_A gauge symmetry. Realistic fermion masses and mixings are realized, including large mixings in the neutrino sector. We also consider the supersymmetric flavor problem, gauge coupling unification and proton decay. The dominant proton decay mode is expected to be p-> e^+π^0 and the lifetime is estimated to be \sim 10^{34}-10^{35} years.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, revised version
Additional file 1 of Comprehensive dissection of dispensable genomic regions in Streptomyces based on comparative analysis approach
Creators: name: Bu, Qing-Ting
name: Li, Yue-Ping
name: Xie, Huang
name: Wang, Jue
name: Li, Zi-Yue
name: Chen, Xin-Ai
name: Mao, Xu-Ming
name: Li, Yong-Quan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics

description: Additional file 1. Determination of genome structure of Streptomyces bingchenggensis BCW-1. Multiple genome alignment suggested that the genome of Streptomyces bingchenggensis BCW-1 is asymmetric. IS. albus J1074 genome; IIS. coelicolor A3(2) genome; IIIS. griseus NBRC 13350 genome; IVStreptomyces bingchenggensis BCW-1 genome.
Flow effects on the freeze-out phase-space density in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Tomasik, Boris
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong longitudinal expansion of the reaction zone formed in relativistic heavy-ion collisions is found to significantly reduce the spatially averaged pion phase-space density, compared to naive estimates based on thermal distributions. This has important implications for data interpretation and leads to larger values for the extracted pion chemical potential at kinetic freeze-out.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures included via epsfig, added discussion of different transverse density profiles, 1 new figure
Characterization and Demonstration of a Black Carbon Aerosol Mimic for Instrument Evaluation
Creators: name: Zangmeister, Christopher D.
name: Grimes, Courtney
name: Dickerson, Russell R.
name: Radney, James G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: This study describes the characterization of a H2O-dispersible, highly-absorbing carbonaceous nanomaterial that mimics the morphological and spectroscopic properties of aged black carbon aerosol (BC). When atomized from aqueous suspension, the material forms particles with a collapsed morphology resembling aged soot or BC. The material is >90 percent elemental carbon and has a mass absorption coefficient (MAC) and spectral dependence consistent with BC values published in the literature. The MAC at a wavelength of 532 nm decreased monotonically from 8.5 to 5.8 m2 g−1 for aerosol with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 500 nm. The single scatter albedo (SSA) at wavelengths of 405 nm and 660 nm was a function of both wavelength and mobility diameter and increased from 0.1 to 0.4 with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 400 nm. The Ångström absorption exponent (AAE) between λ = 405 nm and 780 nm decreased monotonically from 1.4 to 0.6 for aerosol with mobility diameters between 150 nm to 400 nm. We demonstrate that this material can be used for fast, efficient calibration of aerosol photoacoustic spectrometers and for evaluation of spectroscopic-based measurements of aerosol mass concentration using in-situ photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) and filter-based light attenuation measurements for up 50 µg m−3, enabling inter-method and inter-laboratory instrument comparison.
Characteristics of Long Gamma-Ray bursts in the Comoving Frame
Creators: name: Xue, Liang
name: Zhang, Fu-Wen
name: Zhu, Si-Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compile a sample of 93 long gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) from Fermi satellite and 131 from Konus-Wind, which have measured redshifts and well determined spectra, and estimate their pseudo Lorentz factors (${Γ_0}$) using the tight ${L_{\rm{iso}}}$-${E_{\rm p}}$-${Γ_0}$ correlation. The statistical properties and pair correlations of temporal and spectral parameters are studied in the observer frame, rest frame and comoving frame, respectively. We find that the distributions of the duration, peak energy, isotropic energy and luminosity in the different frames are basically lognormal, and their distributions in the comoving frame are narrow, clustering around $T'_{\rm 90}\sim 4000$ s, $E'_{\rm p,c}\sim 0.7$ keV, $E'_{\rm iso,c} \sim 8\times10^{49}$ erg and $L'_{\rm iso,c}\sim 2.5\times10^{46}$ erg s$^{-1}$, where the redshift evolution effect has been taken into account. We also find that the values of ${Γ_0}$ are broadly distributed between few tens and several hundreds with median values $\sim 270$. We further analyze the pair correlations of all the quantities, and well confirm ${E_{\rm{iso}}}$-${E_{\rm p}}$, ${L_{\rm{iso}}}$-${E_{\rm p}}$, ${L_{\rm{iso}}}$-${Γ_0}$ and $E_{\rm{iso}}$-${Γ_0}$ relations, and find that the corresponding relations in the comoving frame do still exist, but have large dispersions. This suggests not only the well-known spectrum-energy relations are intrinsic correlations, but also the observed correlations are governed by the Doppler effect. In addition, the peak energies of long GRBs are independent of durations both in the rest frame and in the comoving frame. And there is a weak anticorrelation between the peak energy and Lorentz factor.
description: 42 pages, 14 figures, 7 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of The impacts of altruism levels on the job preferences of medical students: a cross-sectional study in China
Creators: name: Zhang, Yue
name: Lin, Xing
name: Li, Xing
name: Han, Youli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Holopsenella Engel & Ortega-Blanco & Azevedo 2016, new genus
Creators: name: Engel, Michael S.
name: Ortega-Blanco, Jaime
name: Azevedo, Celso O.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Bethylidae
Holopsenella

description: Holopsenella, new genus
 TYPE SPECIES: Holopsenella primotica, new species.
 DIAGNOSIS: Female. Head broad, posterior margin in dorsal view straight, with rounded posterolateral corners (figs. 1, 2); vertex flat; occipital carina present (fig. 2A), weak; space between and anterior to antennal toruli depressed; antennal flagellum with 10 flagellomeres; scape distinctly thickened compared to pedicel and flagellum; compound eye circular, separated from posterior head margin in dorsal view by half of eye length; ocelli present (fig. 2B); clypeus projecting anteriorly (fig. 2B), surface comparatively flat except weak longitudinal medial ridge, apical margin with prominent but shallow medial emargination (fig. 2B); mandible short and thick, with at least two sharp apical teeth (likely three, as edge of a third seems partially apparent on left mandible), mandibles overlapping in slightly less than their apical halves, mandibles obscured by projection of clypeus in dorsal view; maxillary palpus elongate; labial palpus short. Forewing with marginal cell closed (fig. 2C), distal part of Rs almost straight resulting in evenly tapering marginal cell across its length, apex of cell acutely rounded; discoidal cell somewhat quadrate; cu-a straight; pterostigma longer than wide, with r-rs arising near pterostigmal midlength, r-rs long and arching apically to meet Rs; m-cu straight, nearly parallel with 1M (fig. 2C), and about as long as 1Cu; subdiscoidal cell slightly wider than discoidal cell, broader posteriorly than anteriorly. Tibial spur formula 1-2-2; basitarsi longest tarsomeres, tarsomeres II–IV distinctly shorter than basitarsi and tarsomeres V. Metasoma not petiolate; first metasomal tergum with weak transverse carina running across angle between anterior-facing and dorsal-facing surfaces (fig. 2A), then curving laterally along lateral disc for short distance.
 Male. Unknown.
 ETYMOLOGY: The new genus-group name is a combination of the Greek terms holos, meaning, “complete,” and the diminutive form of psen, meaning “wasp” (the Latinized diminutive psenella serves as the stem for two of the most primitive bethyline genera exhibiting the most complete venation found in the family— Lytopsenella Kieffer and Eupsenella Westwood). The name refers to the comparatively complete wing venation relative to other lineages of Bethylidae. The gender of the name is feminine.
description: Published as part of Engel, Michael S., Ortega-Blanco, Jaime & Azevedo, Celso O., 2016, A New Bethylid Wasp in Lebanese Early Cretaceous Amber (Hymenoptera: Chrysidoidea), with Comments on other Mesozoic Taxa, pp. 1-16 in American Museum Novitates 2016 (3855) on page 7, DOI: 10.1206/3855.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5368577
On vanishing of the factorizable $c\bar c$ contribution in the radiative $B \to K^*γ$ decay
Creators: name: Melikhov, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the factorizable $c\bar c$ long- and short-distance contributions to the $B\to K^*γ$ amplitude vanish, separately, if defined in a gauge-invariant way. Therefore, the $c\bar c$ states contribute to the radiative decay only through the non-factorizable soft-gluon exchanges.
description: revtex, 4 pages
Dynamic Response of Light Absorption by PM2.5 Bound Water-Soluble Organic Carbon (WSOC) to Heterogeneous Oxidation
Creators: name: Debajyoti Ray
name: Soumendra Singh
name: Ghosh, Sanjay K.
name: Sibaji Raha
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Along with greenhouse gases, worldwide biomass-burning events add substantial amounts of a complex optical system consisting of elemental carbon and organic particulate matter to the atmosphere. These particulate matters significantly affect the Earth’s radiation balance as well as perturb the precipitation pattern. Considerable attention has been given to the impact of physicochemical transformation or aging on the optical properties of aqueous solution (a homogeneous medium) of light-absorbing fractions of the organic particulate matter. However, their heterogeneous photochemical aging remains largely unexplored. This experimental study explores heterogeneous absorbance photo-bleaching kinetics of the water-soluble organic-carbon (WSOC) intrinsic to PM2.5 from rice straw smoldering smoke. In the wavelength region of 280–400 nm, the absorption ability decreased consistently with aging while a characteristic initial increase of absorption was observed in the 400–500 nm intervals, which again decreased with further aging. The dynamic light absorptivity of the WSOC may not be related to the corresponding mass concentrations. The relative quantum efficiency of the heterogeneous aging of these WSOC was estimated to be (0.01‒0.3) %. The kinetic results suggest that their half-life could be nearly a week under ambient solar radiation.
One-loop Higgs mass finiteness in supersymmetric Kaluza-Klein theories
Creators: name: Delgado, A.
name: Gersdorff, G. v.
name: John, P.
name: Quiros, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the one-loop ultraviolet sensitivity of the Higgs mass in a five-dimensional supersymmetric theory compactified on the orbifold S^1/Z_2, with superpotential localized on a fixed-point brane. Four-dimensional supersymmetry is broken by Scherk-Schwarz boundary conditions. Kaluza-Klein interactions are regularized by means of a brane Gaussian distribution along the extra dimension with length l_s\simeqΛ^{-1}_s, where Λ_s is the cutoff of the five-dimensional theory. The coupling of the n-mode, with mass M^{(n)}, acquires the n-dependent factor exp{-(M^{(n)}/Λ_s)^2/2}, which makes it to decouple for M^{(n)}\gg Λ_s. The sensitivity of the Higgs mass on Λ_s is strongly suppressed and quadratic divergences cancel by supersymmetry. The one-loop correction to the Higgs mass is finite and equals, for large values of Λ_s, the value obtained by the so-called KK-regularization.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. The discussion on the distribution giving rise to couplings suppressed by exp(-M/Lambda) is revised and the result is finite and equals that of the Gaussian case
A possible YORP effect on C and S Main Belt Asteroids
Creators: name: Carbognani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A rotating frequency analysis in a previous paper, showed that two samples of C and S-type asteroids belonging to the Main Belt, but not to any families, present two different values for the transition diameter to a Maxwellian distribution of the rotation frequency, respectively 48 and 33 km. In this paper, after a more detailed statistical analysis, aiming to verify that the result is physically relevant, we found a better estimate for the transition diameter, respectively $D_C = 44 \pm 2$ km and $D_S = 30 \pm 1$ km. The ratio between these estimated transition diameters, $D_C/D_S = 1.5 \pm 0.1$, can be supported with the help of the YORP (Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack) effect, although other physical causes can not be completely ruled out. In this paper we have derived a simple scaling law for YORP which, taking into account the different average heliocentric distance, the bulk density, the albedo and the asteroid <>, has enabled us to reasonably justify the ratio between the diameters transition of C-type and S-type asteroids. The same scaling law can be used to estimate a new ratio between the bulk densities of S and C asteroids samples (giving $ρ_S/ρ_C \approx 2.9 \pm 0.3$), and can explain why the asteroids near the transition diameter have about the same absolute magnitude. For C-type asteroids, using the found density ratio and other estimates of S-type density, it is also possible to estimate an average bulk density equal to $0.9 \pm 0.1$ g cm-3, a value compatible with icy composition. The suggested explanation for the difference of the transition diameters is a plausible hypothesis, consistent with the data, but it needs to be studied more in depth with further observations.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Angular momentum transport in massive stars and natal neutron star rotation rates
Creators: name: Ma, Linhao
name: Fuller, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The internal rotational dynamics of massive stars are poorly understood. If angular momentum (AM) transport between the core and the envelope is inefficient, the large core AM upon core-collapse will produce rapidly rotating neutron stars (NSs). However, observations of low-mass stars suggest an efficient AM transport mechanism is at work, which could drastically reduce NS spin rates. Here we study the effects of the baroclinic instability and the magnetic Tayler instability in differentially rotating radiative zones. Although the baroclinic instability may occur, the Tayler instability is likely to be more effective for AM transport. We implement Tayler torques as prescribed by Fuller et al. 2019 into models of massive stars, finding they remove the vast majority of the core's AM as it contracts between the main sequence and helium-burning phases of evolution. If core AM is conserved during core-collapse, we predict natal NS rotation periods of $P_{\rm NS} \approx 50-200 \, {\rm ms}$, suggesting these torques help explain the relatively slow rotation rates of most young NSs, and the rarity of rapidly rotating engine-driven supernovae. Stochastic spin-up via waves just before core-collapse, asymmetric explosions, and various binary evolution scenarios may increase the initial rotation rates of many NSs.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Supplementary document for Regularized Cost Function in Wavefront Shaping for Advancing Contrast of Structured Light - 6781936.pdf
Creators: name: Kumar, Amit
name: Jain, Himanshu
name: Paul, Abhishek
name: Thakur, Sarvesh
name: Biswas, Samir
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary document
PROTOTYPING A PIEZOELECTRIC ENERGY-HARVESTING SYSTEM FROM THE SIMULATED MECHANICAL PULSATION OF A 3D-PRINTED HEART MODEL
Creators: name: Asfari, Sarah
name: Jayapal, Aishwarrya
name: Mukku, Sahith
name: Qamar, Bareera
name: Satyarthi, Divyam
name: Tous, Cristina
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gemstone Team CARDIO

description: Individuals have to frequently undergo pacemaker replacement surgeries increasing the chance of surgical complications. A system was developed for an alternative energy source for pacemaker technology. We aimed to capture energy from the mechanical pulsation of a 3D-printed synthetic heart - as a viable simulation of a functional adult heart - using different types of piezoelectric materials. Our study evaluated maximum voltage captured by piezoelectric materials from pulsatile stimulation of the heart model. Initial tests generated 9V, suggesting that piezoelectric material is an adequate alternative energy source for pacemakers. Future investigation will aim to optimize the electrical and mechanical parameters of our system, laying the foundation for the development of a “heart-powered pacemaker.” Our research investigates the feasibility and mechanisms associated with harvesting mechanical motion from the heart itself, converting it into usable electrical energy, and evaluating whether this captured and converted energy is sufficient to power a commercially used cardiac pacemaker.
Scanning the structure of ill-known spaces: Part 1. Founding principles about mathematical constitution of space
Creators: name: Bounias, Michel
name: Krasnoholovets, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Necessary and sufficient conditions allowing a previously unknown space to be explored through scanning operators are reexamined with respect to measure theory. Generalized conceptions of distances and dimensionality evaluation are proposed, together with their conditions of validity and range of application to topological spaces. The existence of a Boolean lattice with fractal properties originating from nonwellfounded properties of the empty set is demonstrated. This lattice provides a substrate with both discrete and continuous properties, from which existence of physical universes can be proved, up to the function of conscious perception. Spacetime emerges as an ordered sequence of mappings of closed 3-D Ponicare sections of a topological 4-space provided by the lattice. The possibility of existence of spaces with fuzzy dimension or with adjoined parts with decreasing dimensions is raised, together with possible tools for their study. The work provides the introductory foundations supporting a new theory of space whose physical predictions (suppressing the opposition of quantum and relativistic approaches) and experimental proofs are presented in details in Parts 2 and 3 of the study.
description: 30 p., 6 figures. To appear in "Kybernetes: The Int. J. for Systems & Cybernetics" in a special issue on new theories on space and time. The journal version
On the geometric mean method for incomplete pairwise comparisons
Creators: name: Kułakowski, Konrad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When creating the ranking based on the pairwise comparisons very often, we face difficulties in completing all the results of direct comparisons. In this case, the solution is to use the ranking method based on the incomplete PC matrix. The article presents the extension of the well known geometric mean method for incomplete PC matrices. The description of the methods is accompanied by theoretical considerations showing the existence of the solution and the optimality of the proposed approach.
description: 15 pages
THE COUPON REPORT: A Study of Coupon Discount Methods
Creators: name: Park, Kristen
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Park, Kristen
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Despite the savings they represent, coupon redemptions have been declining since the early 1990s (NCH Marketing, 2003). To stem this decline and to increase the effectiveness of their coupon offers, manufacturers frequently target coupon offers to specific consumer segments by using a variety of coupon delivery methods. Therefore, the objective of this study is to examine consumers’ attitudes towards multiple coupon delivery methods to more efficiently and effectively target different consumer segments using the appropriate coupon vehicles. A written survey was distributed to supermarket shoppers from three retailers in the Northeast in eight of their stores. Respondents reported using paper coupons much more frequently than any other coupon type. Almost 75% of respondents reported using paper coupons regularly (“every time” or “fairly often”). Conversely, only 7.3% of respondents said that they use online coupons regularly. Regular users of checkout, in-store, and online coupons were, for the vast majority, subsets of paper coupon users. This pattern appears to support earlier studies which suggest that certain consumers may first need to have an underlying tendency to use coupons. Certain segments may then have a tendency to use specific coupon types over others. An analysis using logit models suggest that respondent behaviors may be stronger predictors of regular coupon usership than demographics. Therefore attempting to target types of coupons using different demographic segments may not be cost effective. Respondents’ attitudes towards 3 coupon features may give clues as to why consumers respond or do not respond to offers via different coupon methods. More respondents agreed that paper coupons and shopper card discounts offer valuable savings rather than checkout, in-store, and online coupons. In addition, online coupons appear to take too much time to find and use. Overall, shopper cards were preferred by more respondents than any coupon method.
Logarithm of ratios of two order statistics and regularly varying tails
Creators: name: Jordanova, Pavlina K.
name: Stehlík, Milan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F10

description: Here we suppose that the observed random variable has cumulative distribution function $F$ with regularly varying tail, i.e. $1-F \in RV_{-α}$, $α> 0$. Using the results about exponential order statistics we investigate logarithms of ratios of two order statistics of a sample of independent observations on Pareto distributed random variable with parameter $α$. Short explicit formulae for its mean and variance are obtained. Then we transform this function in such a way that to obtain unbiased, asymptotically efficient, and asymptotically normal estimator for $α$. Finally we simulate Pareto samples and show that in the considered cases the proposed estimator outperforms the well known Hill, t-Hill, Pickands and Deckers-Einmahl-de Haan estimators.
description: Eleventh Conference of the Euro-American Consortium for Promoting the Application of Mathematics in Technical and Natural Sciences, Albena, Bulgaria, June 20-25, 2019