cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Submillimetre water masers at 437, 439, 471, and 474 GHz towards evolved stars. APEX observations and radiative transfer modelling
Creators: name: Bergman, P.
name: Humphreys, E. M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we aim to characterise submillimetre water masers at 437, 439, 471, and 474 GHz towards a sample of evolved stars. We used the Atacama Pathfinder Experiment (APEX) to observe submillimetre water transitions and the CO (4-3) line towards 11 evolved stars. The sample included semi-regular and Mira variables, plus a red supergiant star. We performed radiative transfer modelling for the water masers. We also used the CO observations to determine mass loss rates for the stars. From the sample of 11 evolved stars, 7 display one or more of the masers at 437, 439, 471, and 474 GHz. We therefore find that these masers are common in evolved star circumstellar envelopes. The fact that the maser lines are detected near the stellar velocity indicates that they are likely to originate from the inner circumstellar envelopes of our targets. We tentatively link the presence of masers to the degree of variability of the target star, that is, masers are more likely to be present in Mira variables than in semi-regular variables. We suggest that this indicates the importance of strong shocks in creating the necessary conditions for the masers. Typically, the 437 GHz line is the strongest maser line observed among those studied here. We cannot reproduce the above finding in our radiative transfer models. In general, we find that maser emission is very sensitive to dust temperature in the lines studied here. To produce strong maser emission, the dust temperature must be significantly lower than the gas kinetic temperature. In addition to running grids of models in order to determine the optimum physical conditions for strong masers in these lines, we performed smooth wind modelling for which we cannot reproduce the observed line shapes. This also suggests that the masers must originate predominantly from the inner envelopes.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
A New Preconditioner for the EFIE Based on Primal and Dual Graph Laplacian Spectral Filters
Creators: name: Rahmouni, Lyes
name: Andriulli, Francesco P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Electric Field Integral Equation (EFIE) is notorious for its ill-conditioning both in frequency and h-refinement. Several techniques exist for fixing the equation conditioning problems based on hierarchical strategies, Calderon techniques, and related technologies. This work leverages on a new approach, based on the construction of tailored spectral filters for the EFIE components which allow the block renormalization of the EFIE spectrum resulting in a provably constant condition number for the equation. This is achieved without the need for a barycentric refinement and with low computational overhead compared with other schemes. In particular, only sparse matrices are required in addition to the EFIE original matrix. Numerical results will show the robustness of our scheme and its application to the solution of realistic problems.
Protocol Automated Method
Creators: name: Innovative Genomics Institute
name: Doudna, Jennifer
name: Hockemeyer, Dirk
name: Urnov, Fyodor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Protocol for Automated Method for SARS-CoV-2 testing at the Innovative Genomics Institute.
Semi-Automated SOP
Creators: name: Innovative Genomics Institute
name: Doudna, Jennifer
name: Urnov, Fyodor
name: Hockemeyer, Dirk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110303 Clinical Microbiology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Semi-Automated Standard Operating Procedure for SARS-CoV-2 Testing at the Innovative Genomics Institute.
Generalization bounds for averaged classifiers
Creators: name: Freund, Yoav
name: Mansour, Yishay
name: Schapire, Robert E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62C12 (Primary)

description: We study a simple learning algorithm for binary classification. Instead of predicting with the best hypothesis in the hypothesis class, that is, the hypothesis that minimizes the training error, our algorithm predicts with a weighted average of all hypotheses, weighted exponentially with respect to their training error. We show that the prediction of this algorithm is much more stable than the prediction of an algorithm that predicts with the best hypothesis. By allowing the algorithm to abstain from predicting on some examples, we show that the predictions it makes when it does not abstain are very reliable. Finally, we show that the probability that the algorithm abstains is comparable to the generalization error of the best hypothesis in the class.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053604000000058
Az agrárgazdaság nemzetgazdasági szerepe az ágazati kapcsolatok mérlege alapján
Creators: name: Kemeny, Gabor
name: Lamfalusi, Ibolya
name: Tanito, Dezso
name: Kemeny, Gabor
name: Lamfalusi, Ibolya
name: Tanito, Dezso
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Public Economics
subject: agrobiznisz
subject: ágazati kapcsolatok mérlege
subject: mezőgazdaság
subject: élelmiszeripar
subject: termelési multiplikátor
subject: agribusiness
subject: agriculture
subject: food industry
subject: production multiplier

description: Az agrobiznisz a nemzetgazdaság stratégiai jelentőségű szektora. E stratégiai jelentőség megnyilvánul egyfelől a makrogazdasági teljesítményhez való hozzájárulásban, számításaink szerint ugyanis az agrárgazdaság és a hozzá szorosan kapcsolódó ágazatok együttes súlya a kibocsátásból 15,5-15,8 százalékkal, a GDP-ből 11,2-11,6 százalékkal, a foglalkoztatásból 14,0-14,4 százalékkal részesedik. Másrészt megnyilvánul a mezőgazdaság és az élelmiszeripar többi ágazattal való kölcsönkapcsolataiban, amelyet mindkét ágazat kiemelkedő termelési érték multiplikátora igazol. A mutató értéke olyan ágazatokét is meghaladta, mint például az építőipar, a számítógép, elektronikai, optikai termékek gyártása vagy a hazai gazdaság motorjának tekinthető közúti járműgyártás. Harmadrészt pedig megnyilvánul az agrobiznisz stabilizáló szerepében. Az élelmiszer-fogyasztás volumene és az arra fordított öszszegek állandó jellege nem teszi lehetővé a szektor dinamikus növekedését. Megvédi ugyanakkor a nagyobb visszaesésektől, és biztosít egy többé-kevésbé változatlan teljesítményt, amely válság idején a gazdaság egészét tekintve meghatározó jelentőségű, mint az a 2011-es évben is igazolást nyert. ----------------------------------------------------- Agribusiness is a strategic sector of the Hungarian national economy. This strategic role is supported firstly by the contribution to the macroeconomic performance. The weight of the agricultural economy and the closely related sectors on output, GDP and employment is 15.65, 11.4 and 14.2 per cent respectively. Secondly, the strategic role is manifested in the interaction of agriculture and food industry with other sectors, which is supported by their remarkable production multiplier. These indicators exceed the production multiplier of some industries that can be considered as the engine of the domestic economy such as building industry, manufacture of computer, electronic and optical products or manufacture of transport equipment. Thirdly, the strategic role is manifested in the stabilising role of agribusiness. The constant volume of food consumption and the constant spending level on food do not allow dynamic growth in the sector. In turn this assures protection from larger declines and provides a relatively constant performance that during crisis periods has a critical importance for the whole economy, as Hungary experienced in 2011.
First Detection Of Toxoplasma Gondii in Colombia.pdf
Creators: name: Hernández-Pinsón, Andrés
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110704 Cellular Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Introduction Toxoplasma gondii infections have been reported for many warm-blooded animals around the world including chiropterans. However, in Colombia, the country that holds the highest taxonomic richness of this order of mammals in the Neotropics, up to date there are no reports of T. gondii in bats (Carollia brevicauda). Purpose The objective of the present study was to detect T. gondii DNA from internal bat organs from Quindío, Colombia. Results We report the frst detection of T. gondii DNA from internal bat organs in the department of Quindio, Central Andes of Colombia. Out of three silky short tail bat (Carollia brevicauda) specimens collected at the natural reserve “La Montaña del Ocaso”, organs were recovered (lungs, liver, heart, kidneys, small and large intestine) and tested for T. gondii through PCR for B1 sequence, with 1/3 (33.3%) positive result for the presence of T. gondii DNA in bat kidney tissues. Conclusion Taking into consideration the high diversity of bat species in Colombia, and the complexity of the ecological and functional relationships that these organisms establish in the ecosystems they inhabit, we discuss on the urgent need for more detailed research and surveys for Toxoplansma in bats and other mammalian wild species.
title: Die Zukunft der DDR? Zukunftsträume einer Schulklasse im Jahr 1985
Creators: name: Herenz, Lena
Publisher: name: ZZF - Centre for Contemporary History: Zeitgeschichte online
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 943 Geschichte Mitteleuropas; Deutschlands

description: Magdeburg, 18. September 1985: Das neue Schuljahr in der DDR ist zwei Wochen alt, als eine junge Lehrerin für die Vertretungsstunde in der 9. Klasse eingeteilt wird. Ihren Englischunterricht kann sie nicht fortsetzen und so gibt sie den Schüler:innen spontan eine andere Aufgabe: „Schreibt doch mal auf, wie ihr euch das Leben im Jahr 2010 vorstellt!“ Im Gegensatz zum regulären Unterricht macht sie den Jugendlichen keinerlei Vorgaben, was der Text beinhalten soll, und wartet gespannt auf die Ergebnisse. Als sie die Aufsätze am Abend liest, überraschen die Zukunftsträume der Jugendlichen sie völlig. Die Schüler:innen träumen von offenen Grenzen, von schnellen Autos und dem Besitz eines Eigenheims. „Wenn das deine Parteisekretärin findet, dann ist deine Karriere ja ganz schnell vorbei!“[1], befürchtet sie und beschließt daher, die 23 Texte für sich zu behalten.

Über 30 Jahre später blicken wir nicht nur auf das Jahr 2010, sondern auch auf die untergegangene DDR zurück.
Measurement of triple gauge boson couplings a an e-gamma collider
Creators: name: Moenig, K.
name: Sekaric, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If no light Higgs boson exists, the interaction among the gauge bosons becomes strong at high energies (~1TeV). The effects of strong electroweak symmetry breaking (SEWSB) could manifest themselves indirectly as anomalous couplings before they give rise to new physical states like resonances. Here a study of the measurement of trilinear gauge couplings is presented looking at the hadronic decay channel of the W boson at an e-gamma - collider. A sensitivity in the range of 10^{-3} to 10^{-4} can be reached depending on the coupling under consideration.
description: V2: minor improvements and errors corrected
Novel one-step electrophoretic deposition of membrane-electrode assembly for flexible-batteries application
Creators: name: Cohen, Elazar
name: Lifshitz, Moran
name: Gladkikh, Alexander
name: Kamir, Yossi
name: Ben-Barak, Ido
name: Golodnitsky, Diana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wearable electronic devices and gadgets raise the need for flexible, thin and lightweight batteries. In this article we present for the first time, a unique, single-step method for the preparation of a membrane-electrode assembly for flexible-batteries application. Concurrent electrophoretic deposition (EPD) of positive and negative battery electrodes (LFP and LTO) on opposite sides of a commercial nanoporous membrane (Celgard 2325) results in the formation of a three-layer-battery structure. The cell comprising this electrophoretically deposited structure ran for more than 150 cycles with 125-140mAh/g capacity, which approaches the theoretical value of lithium iron phosphate. The electrodes can be deposited either cathodically or anodically by replacing the interchangeable charging agents, like polyethyleneimine and polyacrylic acid. These polyelectrolytes, when adsorbed on the particles of the active material, serve also as the binders. The simultaneous EPD, which we developed, can be used for the simple and low-cost manufacturing of a variety of cathode and anode materials on nanoporous polymer- and ceramic ion-conducting membranes for energy storage devices.
description: 8 pages. Simultaneous EPD, EPD on membranes, Flexible batteries
Electroweak baryon number non-conservation and "topological condensates" in the early Universe
Creators: name: Bass, Steven D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electroweak vacuum transition processes (sphalerons) in the early Universe provide a possible explanation of the baryon asymmetry. Anomaly theory suggests that these electroweak baryon number non-conserving processes are accompanied by the formation of a ``topological condensate'' which may remain in the Universe that we observe today.
description: 8 pages, invited talk at "Physics at LHC", Vienna 2004
TABLE. - Copy.docx
Creators: name: Abasubong, Kenneth Prudence
name: Jean‐Jacques Yao Adjoumani
name: Li, Xiang-Fei
name: Liu, Wen-Bin
name: Guang-Zhen Jiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70401 Aquaculture
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: All experimental procedures involving animal care were conducted under the guidance of the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals in China. The present study was approved by the Animal Care and Use Committee of Nanjing Agricultural University (Nanjing, China) (permit number: SYXK (Su) 2011-0036). The formulation and proximate composition of the basal diet (control) are presented in Table 1, which contained 31.67% crude protein and 5.97% crude lipid. Three semi-purified diets were formulated to provide 0, 0.3, and 3 mg kg-1 GA and was added to the basal diet to formulate three experimental diets. Plasma levels of glucose, Lipoprotein lipase (LPL), Hepatic Lipase (HL), and total lipase were analysed within 24 h of sampling using commercial assay kits. Total RNA was extracted from the liver tissue using RNAiso Plus (Takara Co. Ltd, Dalian, China). All data were presented and subjected to a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the software of the SPSS (Ver 13.0; SPSS, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA) for Windows. Turkey’s HSD (honestly significant difference) test was utilised to rank the means. Percentage data were arcsine transformed before the ANOVA and reversed afterward. All the data were presented as the means ± SEM (standard errors of the mean) of four replicates. Mean differences were considered significant at a P-value equal to or less than 0.05.
5088: Fighting at Bourlon Wood
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: After a brief respite 186th Brigade relieved the units holding positions in Bourlon Wood, a strategic position which the British had still not secured. They were to attack the next morning, 26th November. No account of this action was made by Hartley because his Company found itself in an exposed position at the apex of the British advance and came under heavy fire from German positions in the railway cutting to its north. The 2/7th Battalion suffered heavily - of those who went into action, 6 officers and 200 ORs were casualties, 43 of whom were killed. Harry was one of the wounded officers, shot through the right hand between the 2nd and 3rd metacarpals and was wounded in his right hand and was unable to write. He was evacuated via 2/3 London Field Ambulance, 45 Casualty Clearing Station, 2nd British Red Cross Hospital (Rouen), then to England by steamer on 1st December.
Linearized Controllability Analysis of Semilinear Partial Differential Equations
Creators: name: Kolar, Bernd
name: Schöberl, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is well-known that the controllability of finite-dimensional nonlinear systems can be established by showing the controllability of the linearized system. However, this classical result does not generalize to infinite-dimensional nonlinear systems. In this paper, we restrict ourselves to semilinear infinite-dimensional systems, and show that the exact controllability of the linearized system implies exact controllability of the nonlinear system. The restrictions concerning the nonlinear operator are similar to those that can be found in the literature about the linearized stability analysis of semilinear systems.
description: accepted as full paper for MTNS 2020
title: AI3SD Video: Outlier detection in Scientific Discovery
Creators: name: Grundy, Joanna
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: AI, AI3SD Event, Artificial Intelligence, Chemistry, COVID-19, Datasets, Machine Intelligence, Machine Learning, Materials Discovery, ML, Outliers, Research, Scientific Discovery

description: Detecting anomalous readings in data is a problem. Humans are good at some types, for example with images, however machines find it rather more difficult. Detecting anomalies in time series data is even more tricky. Discriminating between data that is part of the same distribution, or caused by some other process is also nontrivial. Anomaly detection is used in a wide range of applications, for example fraud detection for bank accounts, condition monitoring of mechanical systems, and in medical imagery. In all these applications, an outlier is indicative of a problem that requires further attention. A range of outlier detection methods is presented, and tested on a range of synthetic multivariate time series data. A novel method, cyclic regression, is presented and compared to more traditional methods. The application of these methods to real world data is demonstrated.
A műtrágya és a növényvédő szerek felhasználásának üzemszintű vizsgálata néhány fontosabb növénytermesztési ágazatban
Creators: name: Vago, Szabolcs
name: Varga, Eva
name: Boldog, Valeria
name: Kruppa, Bertalan
name: Vago, Szabolcs
name: Varga, Eva
name: Boldog, Valeria
name: Kruppa, Bertalan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: inputfelhasználás
subject: inputforgalmazás
subject: inputárak
subject: termelési költség
subject: jövedelem
subject: input utilization
subject: input distribution
subject: input prices
subject: production cost
subject: income

description: Tanulmányunkban elemezzük a műtrágya és növényvédő szerek piacának működését, és megvizsgáljuk az adott inputok forgalmának árakra, illetve jövedelemváltozásra adott reakcióit. A közvetlenül mezőgazdasági termelők részére történő műtrágya- és növényvédőszer-értékesítés erősen koncentrált, mind a műtrágya-, mind a növényvédőszerpiacot néhány nagy cég uralja. Az összefüggés erősnek bizonyult a terményárak alakulása és a vizsgált inputok egy hektárra eső költsége között. Vagyis magasabb terményárak esetén a gazdálkodók fokozzák inputvásárlásaikat. Még erősebb összefüggés mutatkozott a termelési érték és a műtrágya-, növényvédőszer-vásárlások között. Az egy hektárra eső műtrágya- és növényvédőszer-költség alapján kategorizálva az üzemeket azt találtuk, hogy a hektáronkénti műtrágya- és növényvédőszer-költség növekedésével csak lassan csökken az üzemek száma. Növekvő műtrágya-felhasználás növekvő hozamokat eredményez, egészen az utolsó kategóriáig. Növényvédő szernél azonban egy bizonyos felhasználás felett már romló hozamok adódnak. Lassú, de egyértelmű növekedést mutat az önköltség az inputfelhasználás növelésével. A főtermék önköltségére vonatkozóan nem találunk optimális pontot az inputfelhasználásban. --------------------------------------------------- This study describes the main market for fertilisers and pesticides, and examines the reactions of distribution to sales price and income changes. Direct sales of fertilisers and pesticides to farmers are highly concentrated, both the fertiliser and pesticide markets are dominated by a few large companies. The correlation between crop prices and the cost of inputs per hectare proved to be strong. In other words, in the case of higher crop prices, the farmers increased their purchase of inputs. We found even stronger correlations between the production value and the purchases of fertilisers and pesticides. Categorising the farms by the cost of fertilisers and pesticides per hectare, we found that with the increasing of the fertiliser and pesticide costs per hectare only slowly reduced the number of farms. Increasing fertiliser use results in higher yields, up to the last category. However, above a particular level of pesticide use yields declined. There is a slow but definite increase in production costs caused by increasing the input use. For the cost of the main product, we could not find an optimal point of input utilisation.
5126: 'Reports of my death have been greatly exaggerated'
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Hartley's Officer Service File (WO 339/98627) contains detailed records of his hospital treatment and the repeated Medical Boards held to assess his recovery. Hartley was treated first at 3rd Southern General Hospital, Oxford, and was then transferred to the Hospital for Officers at Somerville College in the city. His wound was described as 'severe'and the initial diagnosis that it would heal quickly was inaccurate. Hartley learned to write with his left hand and described his right hand as 'useless' with no use of his fingers (May). In a letter of 8th August to the War Office in which he repeated his request for a wound gratuity, Hartley described his hand as 'stiff & practically useless.' Hartley's final Medical Board was at Ripon on 28th August 1918. It was concluded that although 'the wound is completely healed, there are united fractures, with much callous and deformity, of the 3rd & 4th metacarpals of rt hand causing much limitation of flexion of the corresponding fingers with much consequent loss of grip power of that hand. Flexion of the other two fingers is also limited but to a lesser extent.' He was discharged to service with 3rd Battalion Duke of Wellington's. The Leave of Absence Certificate he kept among his papers had been extended for nine months to 5th September 1918, but he received further extensions of leave until late November. Hartley had been thinking of a way to get out of returning to the front soon after his arrival at Somerville. On 25th January 1918 he addressed a letter which does not survive to Lieutenant-General Sir Aylmer Hunter-Weston, commander of 8th Corps (Harry's Corps commander during 1916). From the reply, which Harry kept, we learn that he requested Hunter-Weston's help that he be employed in the interrogation of German prisoners. It is possible that he sent the copies from his message pad with the request. It would be some months before his initiative bore fruit. Another document in Michael's possession is the telegram sent to his father on 30th April 1918 announcing his son's death in action. Harry wrote on it 'My Death Certificate' and kept it in a frame. It was a case of mistaken identity.
Métaphysique de la finitude et intertextualité dans la littérature française après 1945 : Cioran, Beckett, Tournier
Creators: name: Grigorut, Constantin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Born right after the inferno of the Second World War, haunted by the Holocaust and traumatized by a very close finish of the second millennium, the post 1945 Western literature has dissolved the last marks of the existentialist debate into an esprit of delusion and despair. As its title suggests, the dissertation addresses the metaphysical fear of the 'end' and the intertextual corollaries of this anxiety in French literature during the first two post-war decades. Structured in five parts, this study is a first attempt to explore three different genres (essay, theatre and novel) drawing on intertextual theory (Kristeva, Genette, Riffaterre). The extensive introduction provides a first insight into the metaphysical sense of the ending, surveys the heterogeneous field of intertextual studies, its history and development as a critical concept, and points to the important theoretical sources of the analysed corpus. The first of the three main chapters examines the anchorage of Cioran's .philosophical essays, particularly Les Syllogismes de I'amertume (1952). Through a very complex intertextual writing Cioran undermines the traditional metaphysics of the centre. Chapter 2 investigates the same ground inside a theatre text, Fin departie by Samuel Beckett (1957). From Apocalypse to Shakespeare, from Greeks to Heidegger, Beckett's discourse is a fantastic carnival attacking the Cartesian thinking. Chapter 3 thoroughly analyses the novel Le Roi des Aulnes by Michel Tournier (1970). Rewriting the myths, Tournier's intertextual novel re-establishes the importance of the individual destiny facing History. Therefore, the last pages of the dissertation conclude that the intertextual writing of the eschatological fear adds to a definition of post-war French literature seen as a bridge between existentialism and postmodernism.
Electrical conductivity of the quark-gluon plasma: perspective from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: Nikolaev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A discussion on the electrical conductivity of the quark-gluon plasma as determined by lattice QCD is given. After a reminder of basic definitions and expectations, various methods for spectral reconstruction are reviewed, including the use of Ansätze and sum rules, the Maximum Entropy and Backus-Gilbert methods, and Tikhonov regularisation. A comprehensive overview of lattice QCD results obtained so far is given, including a comparison of the different lattice formulations. A noticeable consistency for the conductivities obtained is seen, in spite of the differences in the lattice setups and spectral reconstruction methods. It is found that in the case of quenched QCD little temperature dependence of $σ/T$ is seen in the temperature range investigated, while for QCD with dynamical quarks a reduction of $σ/T$ in the vicinity of the thermal crossover is observed, compared to its value in the QGP. Several open questions are posed at the end.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, invited contribution to the EPJA topical issue "Theory of hot matter and relativistic heavy-ion collisions (THOR)"
Thermalization at RHIC
Creators: name: Heinz, Ulrich W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ideal hydroynamics provides an excellent description of all aspects of the single-particle spectra of all hadrons with transverse momenta below about 1.5-2 GeV/c at RHIC. This is shown to require rapid local thermalization at a time scale below 1 fm/c and at energy densities which exceed the critical value for color deconfinement by an order of magnitude. The only known thermalized state at such energy densities is the quark-gluon plasma (QGP). The rapid thermalization indicates that the QGP is a strongly interacting liquid rather than the weakly interacting gas of quarks and gluons that was previously expected.
description: Erroneous formulation on p.2 corrected. 16 pages, incl. 4 postscript figures. Invited talk presented at HADRON-RANP 2004 (IX Hadron Physics and VII Relativistics Aspects of Nuclear Physics: A Joint Meeting on QCD and QGP), Angra dos Reis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, March 28 - April 3, 2004. To appear in AIP Conference Proceedings (M. Bracco, M. Chiapparini, et al., eds.)
5067: The Battle of Cambrai - Havrincourt
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Second Lieutenant Hartley served with 2/7th Duke of Wellington's. Within a few weeks of taking command of his platoon he led it into action on the opening day of the Battle of Cambrai (20th November 1917). The account of this battalion's experiences on 20-22nd November forms Appendix I to the November War Diary of 2/7th Duke of Wellington's West Riding Regiment (WO95/3087/2). The War Diary for 186th Infantry Brigade (WO 95/3084/2) also contains maps showing the dispositions of the brigade's elements for 20th and 25th November. 2/7th Duke of Wellington's was 62nd Division's reserve brigade on the morning of 20th November. After 185th brigade had cleared the way to the east of Havrincourt village, 187th Brigade moved northwards along the Hindenburg Support Line to a position west of Bourlon Wood. The War Diary account can now be supplemented and elaborated from materials in Harry Hartley's possession. B Company's commander was wounded very early on in the advance so Hartley took command of the company. When he got out of the line and into an encampment in Havrincourt Wood he wrote a euphoric letter to his family recounting the events of the previous day. The letter is faint and fragile, so Michael Berry's transcription is given here. This letter is particularly interesting for the absence of any mention of the use of tanks, which was a major feature of the Cambrai plan of attack. It also contains an apparent reference to the killing of Germans who surrendered (not by Hartley's unit). Furthermore, Hartley retained his copies of the messages he sent to his battalion adjutant. Unfortunately they are not all decipherable, nor did he give the time and date of all them so it is difficult to place them in their correct sequence. Nevertheless they seem to confirm his letter. We will find out in the next post what use Harry would later put these messages to. Hartley's battalion was relieved by 185th Brigade, but would soon be back in action at Bourlon Wood.
Statistical properties of the method of regularization with periodic Gaussian reproducing kernel
Creators: name: Lin, Yi
name: Brown, Lawrence D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The method of regularization with the Gaussian reproducing kernel is popular in the machine learning literature and successful in many practical applications. In this paper we consider the periodic version of the Gaussian kernel regularization. We show in the white noise model setting, that in function spaces of very smooth functions, such as the infinite-order Sobolev space and the space of analytic functions, the method under consideration is asymptotically minimax; in finite-order Sobolev spaces, the method is rate optimal, and the efficiency in terms of constant when compared with the minimax estimator is reasonably high. The smoothing parameters in the periodic Gaussian regularization can be chosen adaptively without loss of asymptotic efficiency. The results derived in this paper give a partial explanation of the success of the Gaussian reproducing kernel in practice. Simulations are carried out to study the finite sample properties of the periodic Gaussian regularization.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053604000000454
Comment on "Separability of quantum states and the violation of Bell-type inequalities"
Creators: name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statement of E.R. Loubenets, Phys. Rev. A 69, 042102 (2004), that separable states can violate classical probabilistic constraints is based on a misleading definition of classicality, which is much narrower than Bell's concept of local hidden variables. In a Bell type setting the notion of classicality used by Loubenets corresponds to the assumption of perfect correlations if the same observable is measured on both sides. While it is obvious that most separable states do not satisfy this assumption, this does not constitute "non-classical" behaviour in any usual sense of the word.
description: 1 page, accepted by Phys. Rev. A
Főbb hazai növénytermesztési ágazatok gazdasági értékelése a 2011-es termelési év adatai alapján
Creators: name: Kiss, Istvan
name: Kiss, Istvan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: ágazati elemzés
subject: búza
subject: kukorica
subject: repce
subject: napraforgó
subject: árpa
subject: economic analysis
subject: wheat
subject: maize
subject: rape
subject: sunfl ower
subject: barley

description: Jelen tanulmányban, primer adatgyűjtés alapján öt, hazánkban kiemelt jelentőségűnek tartott növénytermesztési ágazat – őszi búza, kukorica, őszi káposztarepce, őszi árpa és napraforgó – modellezését és a modell eredményeinek üzemtani elemzését végeztem el. A modellezés során átfogó képet kaptam az ágazatok 2011. évi ökonómiai helyzetéről, különös tekintettel a közvetlen költségekre, a költségek szerkezetére, árbevételre, termelési értékre, fedezeti összegekre, támogatásokra. A támogatások szerepének jelentőségét bizonyítja az a tény, hogy a támogatásokat is tartalmazó fedezeti összegen belül azok 33-49%-os arányt képviselnek az egyes növények vonatkozásában. A termésátlagok – ceteris paribus elv mentén történő – szcenárióelemzése révén megállapítható, hogy a fajlagos hozamok szélsőséges ingadozása meghatározó hatással van a növénytermesztés eredményességére. A peszszimista termésátlagok esetén veszteséget termel a legtöbb ágazat, míg optimista változatnál már extraprofittal számolhatnak. A pesszimista változat megvalósulásakor a támogatások veszteségminimalizáló szerepet töltenek be. --------------------------------------------------------- In the frame of the present study five crop sectors considered to be highly significant in Hungary were modelled on the basis of primary data collection. On the basis of the results business analysis was carried out. The five crops are the following: winter wheat, maize, winter rape, winter barley and sunfl ower. The modelling provided an overall picture of the economic situation of the sectors, especially about the direct costs, the cost structures, turnover, production value, contribution margins and subsidies. The importance of the role of subsidies is shown by the fact that the subsidies constitute 33-49% of that contribution margin that includes the subsidies. The serious effect the extreme fl uctuation of specific yields has on the results of crop production was demonstrated by running ceteris paribus scenario analysis of the average yields. In the case of the pessimistic yield scenario most of the sectors make losses, while in the optimistic case one can expect additional profit. In the case of the pessimistic scenario the subsidies help to minimise losses.
Superluminality in beyond Horndeski theory with extra scalar field
Creators: name: Mironov, S.
name: Rubakov, V.
name: Volkova, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superluminality issue in beyond Horndeski theory with additional scalar field, which is minimally coupled to gravity and has no second derivatives in the Lagrangian. We present the quadratic action for perturbations in cosmological backgrounds, stability conditions and expressions for sound speeds. We find that in the case of conventional additional scalar whose flat-space propagation speed is that of light, one of the modes in interacting theory is necessarily superluminal when this scalar rolls, even arbitrarily slowly. This result holds in any theory of the beyond Horndeski class (with 6 arbitrary functions in the Lagrangian) and for any stable rolling background. More generally, the requirement of the absence of superluminality imposes non-trivial constraints on the structure of the theory.
description: A contribution to Physica Scripta Special Issue "Focus on New Frontiers in Physics - Selected Papers from ICNFP 2019"; the journal version
5131: Interpreter at a Prisoner of Camp, Leigh, Manchester
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: It appears that General Hunter-Weston was as good as his word and passed on Hartley's request to the Intelligence Corps. However it was not until early September 1918 that it was decided to employ him as an interpreter at a prisoner of war camp. We find him at Leigh in Lancashire in March 1919, and it is presumably from his time there that a postcard in German and two pieces of artwork in Michael's possession date. Michael's research on the camp at Leigh is also included here, and the cover of a pamphlet written about it. The camp closed on 30th May 1919, to the relief of the local populace who were glad to see the back of their unwanted guests. Harry was then attached to the 2nd Dukes at Pembroke Dock, however by October he was featuring in correspondence from Latchmere Special Hospital for Officers. This was located on Ham Common, Richmond, Surrey, and had been established in 1915 for 'insane' officers. Then in late November it was reported that owing to him being medically unfit there was no alternative to him relinquishing his Commission. A memorandum to the Ministry of Pensions on the same day gave the cause as 'Mental Instability.' Harry had already been discharged to his home in Bradford on 3rd November. A fortnight later Harry wrote a letter from The Retreat, a hospital in York for the treatment of people with schizophrenia and mood disorders (he suffered from bi-polar disorder), to the Secretary of War (at the time Winston Churchill). He resigned his commission and stated that he did not wish to receive a pension. He later resumed work as a commercial traveller and married, but on the outbreak of hostilities in 1939 he returned to The Retreat where he would remain until his death.
A klímaváltozás eddigi és várható következményei Afrika mezőgazdaságában
Creators: name: Erdosi, Ferenc
name: Erdosi, Ferenc
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: aszály
subject: tengerszint-emelkedés
subject: népességnövekedés
subject: éhínség
subject: élelmiszer-biztonság
subject: drought
subject: sea level rise
subject: population growth
subject: famine
subject: food security

description: Afrika jövőbeni élelmiszer-ellátása nyitott kérdés. Az eddigi, korunkbeli és prognosztizált népességnövekedés ütemével a kontinens mezőgazdasági termelése még klímaváltozás nélkül sem képes lépést tartani. A klímaváltozás csupán súlyosbító tényező. Bár a természetes szaporodás üteme hosszabb távon némileg lassuló irányzatú, még a minimális élelmiszerigény kielégítéséhez sem járható út az import nagyságrendekkel való növelése. A belső forrásokból való ellátás érdemi javítására elvileg három mód kínálkozik: a termésátlagok lényeges növelése (intenzív mód), a termelőterület növelése (extenzív mód), valamint a szinte kizárólag exportcélokat szolgáló (élvezeti cikkek, trópusi gyümölcsök, virágok stb.) ültetvények igénybevétele élelmiszer-termelésre (termelésiszerkezet-váltás). A gyakorlatban azonban e módszerek alkalmazására csak meglehetősen korlátozott mértékben van lehetőség. Az intenzifikációs törekvések eddig (részben a tőkehiány miatt) csupán meglehetősen szerény terméstöbbletet eredményeztek. A tömeges éhínség következtében a „klímamigránsok” milliói okozhatnak súlyos gondot a kényszerbefogadó Európának. ------------------------------------------- Africa’s future food supply is an open question. The continent’s agricultural production even without climate change cannot keep up with the past, contemporary and projected population growth rate Climate change is only an aggravating factor. Although the population’s long-term natural growth rate is slightly slower, the significant increase in imports even for the supply of minimum food needs is not an option. Theoretically, there are three ways to substantially improve the domestic sources of supply: the substantial growth of average crop yields (intensive mode), the increase in agricultural production territory (extensive mode), and the use of food crops almost exclusively serving export purposes (luxury items, tropical fruits, fl owers etc.) in production (changing the structure of production). However, in practice, these methods can be applied only to a very limited extent. The intensification efforts to date (partly due to the lack of capital) have resulted in only a relatively modest yield surplus. As a result of mass starvation millions of ‘climate migrants’ may cause serious problems for Europe forced to accommodate these migrants.
Simultaneous prediction of independent Poisson observables
Creators: name: Komaki, Fumiyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62F15, 62C15 (Primary)

description: Simultaneous predictive distributions for independent Poisson observables are investigated. A class of improper prior distributions for Poisson means is introduced. The Bayesian predictive distributions based on priors from the introduced class are shown to be admissible under the Kullback-Leibler loss. A Bayesian predictive distribution based on a prior in this class dominates the Bayesian predictive distribution based on the Jeffreys prior.
description: Published by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org) in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053604000000445
5056: George Buckley
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: George Buckley served in the war and survived.
5003: Walter Ewart Noutch
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Walter Ewart Noutch served under the alias of Walter Ward. He joined the Kings Royal Rifle Corp in 1900 and was transferred to the reserves in 1909. He re-engaged in 1912.
A selfconsistent theory of current-induced switching of magnetization
Creators: name: Edwards, D. M.
name: Federici, F.
name: Mathon, J.
name: Umerski, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A selfconsistent theory of the current-induced switching of magnetization using nonequilibrium Keldysh formalism is developed for a junction of two ferromagnets separated by a nonmagnetic spacer. It is shown that the spin-transfer torques responsible for current-induced switching of magnetization can be calculated from first principles in a steady state when the magnetization of the switching magnet is stationary. The spin-transfer torque is expressed in terms of one-electron surface Green functions for the junction cut into two independent parts by a cleavage plane immediately to the left and right of the switching magnet. The surface Green functions are calculated using a tight-binding Hamiltonian with parameters determined from a fit to an {\it ab initio} band structure.This treatment yields the spin transfer torques taking into account rigorously contributions from all the parts of the junction. To calculate the hysteresis loops of resistance versus current, and hence to determine the critical current for switching, the microscopically calculated spin-transfer torques are used as an input into the phenomenological Landau-Lifshitz equation with Gilbert damping. The present calculations for Co/Cu/Co(111) show that the critical current for switching is $\approx 10^7A/cm^2$, which is in good agreement with experiment.
description: 23 pages, 16 figures
Which legal form of agricultural firm based on return on equity should be preferred? A panel data analysis of Slovak agricultural firms
Creators: name: Lancaric, Drahoslav
name: Tóth, Marián
name: Savov, Radovan
name: Lancaric, Drahoslav
name: Tóth, Marián
name: Savov, Radovan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Production Economics
subject: legal form
subject: agricultural firm
subject: benefit of owner
subject: return on equity

description: This paper examines the impact of the legal form of agricultural firms on the benefit to their owners for a panel of Slovak agricultural firms. We use return on equity (ROE) as a measure of the benefit to owners. Using the repeated measures ANOVA technique, we find that the legal form of a firm is a relevant determinant of the benefit to owners. We conclude that from the point of view of ROE the legal form ‘company’ is preferable over ‘cooperative’.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1323