cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reserpine and Ketamine Effects on Temporal Discrimination in Female Rats
Creators: name: Friar, Mary
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Depression has been indicated to induce alterations in the perception of time. Ketamine, a noncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) antagonist has been shown to produce rapid and robust antidepressant effects in patients whom are suffering from major depressive disorder. The present study examined the effects of a sub-anesthetic dose of ketamine (5.0 mg/kg) on time perception in depressed rodents. Female rats were trained on a fixed interval procedure. Following the temporal training, depression was induced by a daily injection of reserpine (0.2 mg/kg i.p.) for two weeks. Reserpine has been found to inhibit vesicular monoamine transporter, and as a result, depletes brain monoamines. Depressed state was confirmed by a forced swim test 24hours after the last reserpine injection. Followed by an injection of either ketamine or saline. After 24 hours, animals were retested in the fixed interval procedure and the forced swim test. Reserpine induced depression, as determined by the force swim test, but it did not cause distortion in time perception in the fixed interval procedure. In addition, a single injection of ketamine significantly increased escaping behavior in the force swim test. In cases of depression in which time perception is affected, treatments focusing on the monoamine system might not be effective. In future studies, focusing on commonly reported symptoms for depression, such as time disruption, might shed light on what type of treatment is effective.
Wronskian/Casoratian Identities and their Application to Quantum Mechanical Systems
Creators: name: Odake, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Corresponding to a certain Wronskian identity, we present two types of new Casoratian identities. We apply these identities to the Darboux transformations of quantum mechanical systems. The Wronskian identity is applied to the ordinary quantum mechanics, and the two Casoratian identities are applied to the discrete quantum mechanics with pure imaginary and real shifts, respectively.
description: 25 pages. Comments and a reference added. To appear in J.Phys.A
Additional file 1 of Image-and-text health warning labels on alcohol and food: potential effectiveness and acceptability
Creators: name: Pechey, Emily
name: Clarke, Natasha
name: Mantzari, Eleni
name: Blackwell, Anna K. M.
name: De-Loyde, Katie
name: Morris, Richard W.
name: Marteau, Theresa M.
name: Hollands, Gareth J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Content analysis. Subtheme descriptions and examples for the acceptability and effectiveness-related comments in the Alcohol and Food studies.
Low-lying $s=+1$ Pentaquark states in the Inherent Nodal Structure Analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Yu-xin
name: Li, Jing-sheng
name: Bao, Cheng-guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strangeness $s=+1$ pentaquark states as $qqqq\bar{q}$ clusters are investigated in this letter. Starting from the inherent geometric symmetry, we analyzed the inherent nodal structure of the system. As the nodeless states, the low-lying states are picked out. Then the S-wave state $(J^P, T)= ({1/2}^{-}, 0)$ and P-wave state $(J^P, T)= ({1/2}^{+}, 0)$ may be the candidates of low-lying pentaquark states. By comparing the accessibility of the two states and referring the presently obtained K-N interaction potential, we propose that the quantum numbers of the observed pentaquark state $Θ^{+}$ may be $(J^P, T)=({1/2}^{+}, 0)$ and L=1.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables. Revised version with detailed description, expanded discussion and reference for the geometric configuration to be proposed being added
Motion Planning for Quadrupedal Locomotion: Coupled Planning, Terrain Mapping and Whole-Body Control
Creators: name: Mastalli, Carlos
name: Havoutis, Ioannis
name: Focchi, Michele
name: Caldwell, Darwin G.
name: Semini, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Planning whole-body motions while taking into account the terrain conditions is a challenging problem for legged robots since the terrain model might produce many local minima. Our coupled planning method uses stochastic and derivatives-free search to plan both foothold locations and horizontal motions due to the local minima produced by the terrain model. It jointly optimizes body motion, step duration and foothold selection, and it models the terrain as a cost-map. Due to the novel attitude planning method, the horizontal motion plans can be applied to various terrain conditions. The attitude planner ensures the robot stability by imposing limits to the angular acceleration. Our whole-body controller tracks compliantly trunk motions while avoiding slippage, as well as kinematic and torque limits. Despite the use of a simplified model, which is restricted to flat terrain, our approach shows remarkable capability to deal with a wide range of non-coplanar terrains. The results are validated by experimental trials and comparative evaluations in a series of terrains of progressively increasing complexity.
description: 15 pages, pre-print, journal
Additional file 5 of The sweet spot: fasting glucose, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in older adults with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study
Creators: name: Lee, Ji Hyun
name: Kyungdo Han
name: Huh, Ji Hye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of all-cause mortality, and CVD by 10 categories of fasting glucose level at baseline.
Discrimination and Racial Inequities in Self-reported Mental Health Among Immigrants and Canadian-Born Individuals in a Large, Nationally Representative Canadian Survey
Creators: name: Urquia, Marcelo L.
name: Siddiqi, Arjumand
name: Merry, Lisa
name: Kenny, Kathleen S.
name: Wanigaratne, Susitha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2024

description:
We examined the link between discrimination and self-rated mental health (SRMH) among immigrants and Canadian-born individuals, stratified according to an individual’s identification as racialized or white. Using data from Canada’s General Social Survey (2014) (weighted N = 27,575,000) with a novel oversample of immigrants, we estimated the association of perceived discrimination with SRMH separately among immigrants and Canadian-born individuals and stratified by racialized status. Among immigrants, we also investigated whether age-at-arrival attenuated or strengthened associations. The prevalence of discrimination was higher among racialized compared to white immigrants (18.9% versus 11.8%), and among racialized compared to white non-immigrants (20.0% versus 10.5%). In the adjusted model with immigrants, where white immigrants not reporting discrimination were the referent group, both white (adjusted prevalence odds ratio [aPOR] 6.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 3.08, 12.12) and racialized immigrants (aPOR 2.28, 95% CI 1.29, 4.04) who experienced discrimination reported poorer SRMH. The associations were weaker among immigrants who immigrated in adulthood. In the adjusted model with non-immigrants, compared to unexposed white respondents, Canadian-born white respondents who experienced discrimination reported poorer SRMH (aPOR 3.62, 95% CI 2.99, 4.40) while no statistically significant association was detected among racialized respondents (aPOR 2.24, 95% CI 0.90, 5.58). Racialized respondents experienced significant levels of discrimination compared to white respondents irrespective of immigrant status. Discrimination was associated with poor SRMH among all immigrants, with some evidence of a stronger association for white immigrants and immigrants who migrated at a younger age. For Canadian-born individuals, discrimination was associated with poor SRMH among white respondents only.
An age-stratified serosurvey against purified Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi antigens in the Lao People´s Democratic Republic.
Creators: name: Hefele, Lisa
name: Black, Antony P
name: Van Tan, Trinh
name: Tri Minh, Nguyen
name: Duc Hoang, Nguyen
name: Virachith, Siriphone
name: Muller, Claude P
name: Hübschen, Judith M
name: Russell, Paula
name: Bartholdson Scott, Josefin
name: Ngoc Minh, Chau Nguyen
name: Thieu Nga, Tran Vu
name: Baker, Stephen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Medicine and health sciences
Research and analysis methods
Biology and life sciences
People and places

description: The epidemiology of typhoid fever in Lao People`s Democratic Republic is poorly defined. Estimating the burden of typhoid fever in endemic countries is complex due to the cost and limitations of population-based surveillance; serological approaches may be a more cost-effective alternative. ELISAs were performed on 937 serum samples (317 children and 620 adults) from across Lao PDR to measure IgG antibody titers against Vi polysaccharide and the experimental protein antigens, CdtB and HlyE. We measured the significance of the differences between antibody titers in adults and children and fitted models to assess the relationship between age and antibody titers. The median IgG titres of both anti-HylE and CdtB were significantly higher in children compared to adults (anti-HylE; 351.7 ELISA Units (EU) vs 198.1 EU, respectively; p<0.0001 and anti-CdtB; 52.6 vs 12.9 EU; p<0.0001). Conversely, the median anti-Vi IgG titer was significantly higher in adults than children (11.3 vs 3.0 U/ml; p<0.0001). A non-linear trend line fitted to the anti-CdtB and anti-HlyE IgG data identified a peak in antibody concentration in children <5 years of age. We identified elevated titers of anti-HlyE and anti-CdtB IgG in the serum of children residing in Lao PDR in comparison to adults. These antigens are associated with seroconversion after typhoid fever and may be a superior measure of disease burden than anti-Vi IgG. This approach is scalable and may be developed to assess the burden of typhoid fever in countries where the disease may be endemic, and evidence is required for the introduction of typhoid vaccines.
BER Analysis of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface Assisted Downlink Power Domain NOMA
Creators: name: Thirumavalavan, Vetrivel Chelian
name: Jayaraman, Thiruvengadam S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The use of software controlled passive Reconfigurable Intelligent Surface (RIS) in wireless communications has attracted many researchers in recent years. RIS has a certain degree of control over the scattering and reflection characteristics of the electromagnetic waves, compared to the conventional communications in which the received signal is degraded due to the uncontrollable scattering of the transmitted signal and its interaction with the objects in propagating medium. Further, in RIS assisted communications, the phases of the multiple incoming signals can be controlled to enable constructive addition of multiple signals from different channel paths to improve Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR). On the other hand, Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) provides massive connectivity and low latency. The power domain variant NOMA uses superposition coded symbols with different powers for different user symbols. In this paper, a novel RIS assisted downlink NOMA system is proposed by combining the merits of both RIS and NOMA to improve the reliability of the system. Analytical expressions are derived for the Bit Error Rate (BER) performance of the proposed RIS assisted power domain NOMA system. The BER performance of the proposed system is analyzed using the numerical simulation results. It is observed that the proposed system has better performance than the conventional NOMA system.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted manuscript for a conference, peer reviewed
Generation of Dependent Random Variates with Given Marginal Distributions and Fractile Correlation Structure
Creators: name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Fackler, Paul L.
name: King, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A method is developed to generate dependent pseudorandom variates with specified marginal distributions and correlation matrix which makes use of the fractile correlation rather than the usual cross product moment correlation. An example concerning crop yields illustrates how the parameters used by the method can be estimated from historical data.
Global existence and convergence for a higher order flow in conformal geometry
Creators: name: Brendle, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a higher-order parabolic equation which generalizes the Ricci flow on two-dimensional surfaces. The metric is deformed conformally with a speed given by the Q-curvature of the metric. Under a condition on the Q-curvature of the initial metric we show that the soluton exists for all time and converges to a metric of prescribed Q-curvature.
description: 21 pages, published version
Assessment of Aspartate and Bicarbonate Produced From Hyperpolarized [1-13C]Pyruvate as Markers of Renal Gluconeogenesis.
Creators: name: Yoshihara, Hikari AI
name: Comment, Arnaud
name: Schwitter, Juerg
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: dynamic nuclear polarization
subject: magnetic resonance spectroscopy – MRS
subject: metabolic imaging
subject: 3-mercaptopicolinic acid
subject: pyruvate dehydrogenase – PDH
subject: renal metabolism
subject: phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase – PEPCK

description: As both a consumer and producer of glucose, the kidney plays a significant role in glucose homeostasis. Measuring renal gluconeogenesis requires invasive techniques, and less invasive methods would allow renal gluconeogenesis to be measured more routinely. Magnetic resonance spectroscopy and imaging of infused substrates bearing hyperpolarized carbon-13 spin labels allows metabolism to be detected within the body with excellent sensitivity. Conversion of hyperpolarized 1-13C pyruvate in the fasted rat liver is associated with gluconeogenic flux through phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) rather than pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH), and this study tested whether this was also the case in the kidney. The left kidney was scanned in fed and overnight-fasted rats either with or without prior treatment by the PEPCK inhibitor 3-mercaptopicolinic acid (3-MPA) following infusion of hyperpolarized 1-13C pyruvate. The 13C-bicarbonate signal normalized to the total metabolite signal was 3.2-fold lower in fasted rats (p = 0.00073) and was not significantly affected by 3-MPA treatment in either nutritional state. By contrast, the normalized [1-13C]aspartate signal was on average 2.2-fold higher in the fasted state (p = 0.038), and following 3-MPA treatment it was 2.8-fold lower in fed rats and 15-fold lower in fasted rats (p = 0.001). These results confirm that, unlike in the liver, most of the pyruvate-to-bicarbonate conversion in the fasted kidney results from PDH flux. The higher conversion to aspartate in fasted kidney and the marked drop following PEPCK inhibition demonstrate the potential of this metabolite as a marker of renal gluconeogenesis.
The Perceived Utility of Emotions: A Comparison of Two Collectivist Cultures
Creators: name: Mhoon-Mock, Whitney N.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Cross-cultural differences in emotion have typically been explained by varianceon the dimension of individualism-collectivism. However, studies comparing collectivistcultures (e.g., China and Mexico) suggest that they differ in actual and ideal affect. Thecurrent study examined whether these differences would be observed with respect toperceived affect utility (the extent to which emotions are considered to be helpful forachieving goals), and whether these differences would be mediated by other dimensionsof culture, such as indulgence and long-term orientation. The study found that Mexicansperceived positive and low arousal positive emotions as more useful, and negativeemotions as less useful, compared to Chinese. No differences were found between thecultures for high arousal positive emotions. Mexicans were found to score higher thanChinese on long-term orientation; no differences were found between the cultures onindulgence. Neither long-term orientation nor indulgence was found to mediate therelationship between culture and perceived affect utility. These results support previousfindings that collectivist cultures differ in their valuing of emotions, and signal the needfor investigation of other dimensions of culture that may play a role.
Geometric progressions in syndetic sets
Creators: name: Nathanson, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05B20, 05D10, 11B75, 11C20, 11D05, 11R11, 15B51, 37B05

description: An open problem about finite geometric progressions in syndetic sets leads to a family of diophantine equations related to the commutativity of translation and multiplication by squares.
description: 4 pages; added a missing condition in the statement of Theorem 2
Incipience of quantum chaos in the Jahn-Teller model
Creators: name: Majernikova, E.
name: Shpyrko, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied complex spectra of a two-level electron system coupled to two phonon (vibron) modes represented by the E$\otimes$e Jahn-Teller model. For particular rotation quantum numbers we found a coexistence of up to three regions of the spectra, (i) the dimerized region of long-range ordered (extended) pairs of oscillating levels, (ii) the short-range-ordered (localized) "kink lattice" of avoiding levels, and (iii) the intermediate region of kink nucleation with variable range of ordering. This structure appears above a certain critical line as a function of interaction strength. The level clustering and level avoiding generic patterns reflect themselves in several intermittent regions between up to three branches of spectral entropies. Linear scaling behavior of the widths of level curvature probability distributions provides the conventionally adopted indication for the presence of quantum chaos. Level spacing probability distributions show peculiarities of the partial (for fixed quantum angular momentum) as well as of the cumulative (all angular momenta) case. The clustering of levels with two and three dominant spacings at fixed angular momenta causes notable deviations of the cumulative distributions from the Poissonian one.
description: 7 Figs, 15 pages, published in Phys.Rev.E
TRANSACTIONS COSTS AND COLLECTIVE ACTION APPROACH TO INDUCED INNOVATION
Creators: name: De Janvry, Alain
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
name: De Janvry, Alain
name: Fafchamps, Marcel
name: Sadoulet, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The neoclassical theory of induced technological innovations, pioneered by Hayami and Ruttan, has shown that changes in relative factor prices help explain the bias of technological change. We show in this paper that, when transactions costs on labor and land exist, structural and political factors are additional important determinants of the bias of technology. The size of the research budget, average farm size, and inequality in the distribution of farm sizes are econometrically shown to all add to relative prices in explaining the bias of technology. A larger research budget is, in particular, observed to lead to a bias more congruent with democratic rules of public budget allocation.
Farm Programs and Climate Change
Creators: name: Lewandrowski, J. K.
name: Brazee, R. J.
name: Lewandrowski, J. K.
name: Brazee, R. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: By encouraging or discouraging adaptations to new environmental conditions, farm programs could greatly affect the costs of climate change. On balance, today's programs seem susceptible to climate change driven cost increases. Some policy tools and program changes, however, would facilitate adaptation and so could help lower the costs.
The Perceived Utility of Emotions: A Comparison of Two Collectivist Cultures
Creators: name: Mhoon-Mock, Whitney N.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Cross-cultural differences in emotion have typically been explained by varianceon the dimension of individualism-collectivism. However, studies comparing collectivistcultures (e.g., China and Mexico) suggest that they differ in actual and ideal affect. Thecurrent study examined whether these differences would be observed with respect toperceived affect utility (the extent to which emotions are considered to be helpful forachieving goals), and whether these differences would be mediated by other dimensionsof culture, such as indulgence and long-term orientation. The study found that Mexicansperceived positive and low arousal positive emotions as more useful, and negativeemotions as less useful, compared to Chinese. No differences were found between thecultures for high arousal positive emotions. Mexicans were found to score higher thanChinese on long-term orientation; no differences were found between the cultures onindulgence. Neither long-term orientation nor indulgence was found to mediate therelationship between culture and perceived affect utility. These results support previousfindings that collectivist cultures differ in their valuing of emotions, and signal the needfor investigation of other dimensions of culture that may play a role.
Heterotic string backgrounds and CP violation
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tatsuo
name: Lebedev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of $Z_N$ orbifolds, we discuss effects of heterotic string backgrounds including discrete Wilson lines on the Yukawa matrices and their connection to CP violation.
description: 12 pages, latex, no figure
Additional file 2 of Vitamin B12 is neuroprotective in experimental pneumococcal meningitis through modulation of hippocampal DNA methylation
Creators: name: Queiroz, Karina Barbosa De
name: Cavalcante-Silva, Vanessa
name: Lopes, Flávia Lombardi
name: Gifone Aguiar Rocha
name: Vânia D’Almeida
name: Coimbra, Roney Santos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Effects of BM and adjuvant therapy with vitamin B12 on gene expression in the hippocampus. Table showing the expression patterns of 11 genes previously implicated in the pathophysiology of pneumococcal meningitis that were not regulated by adjuvant therapy with vitamin B12.
Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorders vs. Traditional Therapy: Costs, Cost-Effectiveness, and Cost-Benefit from Multiple Perspectives
Creators: name: Kacmarek, Corinne N.G.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) cost the United States $249 billion in 2010 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Costs are cited as barriers to providing and receiving evidence-based AUD treatment. Computer-based interventions may be a cost-effective and cost-beneficial way to increase access to such treatment. This study used pilot data (Kiluk et al., 2016) to compare the costs, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and cost-benefit of three treatments for AUD outpatients: computer-based training for CBT plus treatment as usual (CBT4CBT + TAU), TAU alone, and CBT4CBT plus monitoring. Typical per patient costs were highest for CBT4CBT + TAU from all perspectives, followed by CBT4CBT + monitoring, and TAU. CBT4CBT + TAU cost significantly more than CBT4CBT + monitoring and TAU from patient and societal perspectives, but only more than CBT4CBT + monitoring from the provider perspective. Six-month changes in percentage of days alcohol abstinent were greater for CBT4CBT + TAU only when compared to CBT4CBT + monitoring. Cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs) determined the cost per additional day abstinent from the beginning of treatment through 1- and 6-month follow-ups. Neither CERs nor net benefits significantly differed between treatments at the follow-ups. Patient net benefits significantly outweighed patient costs at 1- and 6-month follow-up for the entire sample, for CBT4CBT + monitoring patients at 1-month follow-up, and CBT4CBT + TAU patients at 6-month follow-up.
The harmonic explorer and its convergence to SLE(4)
Creators: name: Schramm, Oded
name: Sheffield, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60D05 (Primary) 82B43 (Secondary)

description: The harmonic explorer is a random grid path. Very roughly, at each step the harmonic explorer takes a turn to the right with probability equal to the discrete harmonic measure of the left-hand side of the path from a point near the end of the current path. We prove that the harmonic explorer converges to SLE(4) as the grid gets finer.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009117905000000477 in the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
On the theory of a firm: The case of by-production of emissions.
Creators: name: Murty, Sushama
name: Murty, Sushama
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: theory of a firm
subject: technology
subject: input and output free-disposability
subject: diminishing returns to inputs
subject: joint production
subject: emission-generation
subject: marginal abatement cost

description: Five attributes of emission generating technologies are identified and a concept of byproduction is introduced, which implies these five attributes. Murty and Russell [2010] characterization of technologies, which requires distinguishing between intended production of firms and nature’s laws of emission generation, is shown to be both necessary and sufficient for by-production. While intended production could be postulated to satisfy standard input and output free-disposability, these will necessarily be violated by nature’s emission generation mechanism, which satisfies costly disposability of emission as defined in Murty [2010]. Marginal technical and economic costs of abatement are derived for technologies exhibiting by-production. The former measures the loss in intended outputs when the firm is mandated to reduce emissions, while the latter measures its loss in profits under regulation. The by-production approach reveals a rich set of abatement options available to firms. These include reductions in the use of fuel inputs, inter-fuel substitution, increase in cleaning-up efforts, and technological change. In a simple model of by-production, we show that, when faced with regulation, the firm will use all or some of these strategies. This is in contrast to the standard input-approach to modeling emission generating technologies, where we show that, under a Pigouvian tax, a firm will reduce its emissions, solely, by increasing its cleaning-up effort. The standard input-approach also allows some paths of inputs and outputs, which seem inconsistent with nature’s laws of emission generation, to become technologically feasible. Our model of by-production illustrates that, while common abatement paths considered in the literature do involve a technological trade-off between emission reduction and intended production, there also almost always exist abatement paths where it is possible to have both greater emission reductions and greater intended outputs. Further, marginal abatement costs will usually be decreasing in the initial level of emissions of firms. Counterintuitive as these results may sound in the first instance, they are intuitively obvious in the by-production approach as it is rich enough to incorporate both standard economic assumptions, such as diminishing returns, with respect to intended production of firms and the rules of nature that govern emission generation.
Austrothaumalea bickeli Theischinger 1988
Creators: name: Sinclair, Bradley J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Thaumaleidae
Austrothaumalea
Austrothaumalea bickeli

description: Austrothaumalea bickeli Theischinger
 Austrothaumalea bickeli Theischinger, 1988: 212.
 Material examined. New South Wales: 2 ??, Barrington Tops NP, Williams R, 480 m, subtrop. rainfor., 19.xii.1993 (AMS, CNC).
 Distribution. This species remains known only from Barrington Tops National Park.
description: Published as part of Sinclair, Bradley J., 2008, New Species of Austrothaumalea Tonnoir from Australia (Diptera: Thaumaleidae), pp. 1-12 in Records of the Australian Museum 60 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.3853/j.0067-1975.60.2008.1490, http://zenodo.org/record/4676495
On the Interaction of Galactic Cosmic Rays with Heliospheric Shocks During Forbush Decreases
Creators: name: Kirin, Anamarija
name: Vršnak, Bojan
name: Dumbović, Mateja
name: Heber, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forbush decreases (FDs) are depletions in the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) count rate that last typically for about a week and can be caused by coronal mass ejections (CMEs) or corotating interacting regions (CIRs). Fast CMEs that drive shocks cause large FDs that often show a two-step decrease where the first step is attributed to the shock/sheath region, while the second step is attributed to the closed magnetic structure. Since the difference in size of shock and sheath region is significant, and since there are observed effects that can be related to shocks and not necessarily to the sheath region we expect that the physical mechanisms governing the interaction with GCRs in these two regions are different. We therefore aim to analyse interaction of GCRs with heliospheric shocks only. We approximate the shock by a structure where the magnetic field linearly changes with position within this structure. We assume protons of different energy, different pitch angle and different incoming direction. We also vary the shock parameters such as the magnetic field strength and orientation, as well as the shock thickness. The results demonstrate that protons with higher energies are less likely to be reflected. Also, thicker shocks and shocks with stronger field reflect protons more efficiently.
Additional file 3 of The sweet spot: fasting glucose, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in older adults with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study
Creators: name: Lee, Ji Hyun
name: Kyungdo Han
name: Huh, Ji Hye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of cardiovascular event according to the 10 categories of fasting glucose level at baseline, estimated by Fine-Gray regression.
Three flavor dynamical QCD project by CP-PACS/JLQCD
Creators: name: Kanaya, Kazuyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The CP-PACS and JLQCD Collaborations have been made systematic studies of lattice QCD carrying out both chiral and continuum extrapolations. Importance of dynamical quark effects has been clarified by a comparison of quenched QCD and two flavor full QCD simulations. In two flavor simulations, the dynamical effects of $u$ and $d$ quarks are taken into account, but the third quark $s$ is still treated in a quenched approximation. As the final step towards a fully realistic lattice simulation of QCD, two collaborations started a joint project of three flavor QCD, concentrating all big computers available. Based on a series of preparative studies of exact simulation algorithm and non-perturbative improvement coefficient, a large scale simulation of three flavor QCD has been started. I present the results of light hadron spectrum and light quark masses from the first production runs.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, Talk presented at the 2nd Workshop on Lattice Hadron Physics (LHP2003), July 22-30, 2003, Cairns, Australia
Transformative Science from the Lunar Farside: Observations of the Dark Ages and Exoplanetary Systems at Low Radio Frequencies
Creators: name: Burns, Jack O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The farside of the Moon is a pristine, quiet platform to conduct low radio frequency observations of the early Universe's Dark Ages, as well as space weather and magnetospheres associated with habitable exoplanets. In this paper, the astrophysics associated with NASA-funded concept studies will be described including a lunar-orbiting spacecraft, DAPPER, that will measure the 21 cm global spectrum at redshifts 40-80, and an array of low frequency dipoles on the lunar farside surface, FARSIDE, that would detect exoplanet magnetic fields. DAPPER observations (17-38 MHz), using a single cross-dipole antenna, will measure the amplitude of the 21 cm spectrum to the level required to distinguish the standard ΛCDM cosmological model from those of additional cooling models possibly produced by exotic physics such as dark matter interactions. FARSIDE has a notional architecture consisting of 128 dipole antennas deployed across a 10 km area by a rover. FARSIDE would image the entire sky each minute in 1400 channels over 0.1-40 MHz. This would enable monitoring of the nearest stellar systems for the radio signatures of coronal mass ejections and energetic particle events, and would also detect the magnetospheres of the nearest candidate habitable exoplanets. In addition, FARSIDE would determine the Dark Ages global 21 cm signal at yet lower frequencies and provide a pathfinder for power spectrum measurements.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, 1 table, to appear in Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A
Computerized Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Alcohol Use Disorders vs. Traditional Therapy: Costs, Cost-Effectiveness, and Cost-Benefit from Multiple Perspectives
Creators: name: Kacmarek, Corinne N.G.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Alcohol use disorders (AUDs) cost the United States $249 billion in 2010 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010). Costs are cited as barriers to providing and receiving evidence-based AUD treatment. Computer-based interventions may be a cost-effective and cost-beneficial way to increase access to such treatment. This study used pilot data (Kiluk et al., 2016) to compare the costs, efficacy, cost-effectiveness, and cost-benefit of three treatments for AUD outpatients: computer-based training for CBT plus treatment as usual (CBT4CBT + TAU), TAU alone, and CBT4CBT plus monitoring. Typical per patient costs were highest for CBT4CBT + TAU from all perspectives, followed by CBT4CBT + monitoring, and TAU. CBT4CBT + TAU cost significantly more than CBT4CBT + monitoring and TAU from patient and societal perspectives, but only more than CBT4CBT + monitoring from the provider perspective. Six-month changes in percentage of days alcohol abstinent were greater for CBT4CBT + TAU only when compared to CBT4CBT + monitoring. Cost-effectiveness ratios (CERs) determined the cost per additional day abstinent from the beginning of treatment through 1- and 6-month follow-ups. Neither CERs nor net benefits significantly differed between treatments at the follow-ups. Patient net benefits significantly outweighed patient costs at 1- and 6-month follow-up for the entire sample, for CBT4CBT + monitoring patients at 1-month follow-up, and CBT4CBT + TAU patients at 6-month follow-up.
Additional file 4 of The sweet spot: fasting glucose, cardiovascular disease, and mortality in older adults with diabetes: a nationwide population-based study
Creators: name: Lee, Ji Hyun
name: Kyungdo Han
name: Huh, Ji Hye
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals of all-cause mortality (A), cardiovascular events (myocardial infarction or stroke) (B) by 10 categories of fasting glucose level stratified by sex.
An investigation into the use of recyclable notebooks at UBC SUB green vending machines : a triple bottom-line assessment
Creators: name: Ahmed, Syed
name: Dhak, Rayvier
name: Lin, Kevin
name: Nazem, Farhad
name: Nazer, Mohammad
name: Yu, Jasper
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: A significant amount of waste is generated at UBC through the use of disposable items such as chop sticks, food containers, and office supplies. To offset this waste the AMS is seeking to implement “green” vending machines that would allow students to purchase reusable/sustainable products. The purpose of this analysis is to provide the AMS with a recommendation for a sustainable notebook to be placed in the green vending machines. A triple bottom line analysis was conducted on the notebooks offered by two companies, Spector & Co. and ReBinder. Multiple sources of information, including published journals and articles, were used to develop a model of the ideal notebook for the UBC campus. The primary data, collected through surveys and company websites, was then used to determine which notebook was the closest to the ideal model, and a recommendation was given. Based on the conducted analysis, the ideal notebook for use on the UBC campus is Spector & Co.’s EC3210. Having the smallest cost per page, a high amount of recycled content, and hard cover, the EC3210 notebook was the closest to the ideal notebook model and is the one recommended for the AMS implement in their green vending machines. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
Control Rights in Complex Partnerships
Creators: name: Francesconi, Marco
name: Muthoo, Abhinay
name: Francesconi, Marco
name: Muthoo, Abhinay
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: This paper develops a theory of the allocation of authority between two players who are in a “complex” partnership, that is, a partnership which produces impure public goods. We show that the optimal allocation depends on technological factors, the parties’ valuations of the goods produced, and the degree of impurity of these goods. When the degree of impurity is large, control rights should be given to the main investor, irrespective of preference considerations. There are some situations in which this allocation is optimal even if the degree of impurity is very low as long as one party’s investment is more important than the other party’s. If the parties’ investments are of similar importance and the degree of impurity is large, shared authority is optimal with a greater share going to the low-valuation party. If the importance of the parties’ investments is similar but the degree of impurity is neither large nor small, the low-valuation party should receive sole authority. We analyze an extension in which side payments are infeasible. We check for robustness of our results in several dimensions, such as allowing for multiple parties or for joint authority, apply our results to interpret a number of complex partnerships, including those involving schools and child custody.
The borders of empathy. On the tension inherent in the study of communist biographies / Granice empatii. O napięciu związanym z badaniem biografii komunistów - VoR
Creators: name: Krasucki, Eryk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430303
subject: Biography
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The phenomenon that is communism still arouses many emotions. Especially in countries where attempts were made to put its ideas into practice, such as Poland. For this reason, the study of its history – absurd though it may seem – also generates controversy. Of no small importance for the emergence of this situation is the fact that in domestic public discourse anti-communism still plays a major role, as a handy instrument for stigmatising and disciplining political opponents, but also as a signpost for official narratives about Polish history in the 20th century. This has implications for research. Approaches to communist issues in the classical manner – sine ira et studio – are not infrequently misunderstood, most often outside the scholarly circuit, but also in the academic world. Biographies of communists are a particular example, people who are denied positive qualities and motives, and consider attempts to understand their attitudes to make little sense. The text is an authorial reflection, referring to the autoethnographic method, on biographical studies that have been going on for more than two decades and the tensions they create.
Forming a single molecule by magnetoassociation in an optical tweezer
Creators: name: Zhang, Jessie T.
name: Yu, Yichao
name: Cairncross, William B.
name: Wang, Kenneth
name: Picard, Lewis R. B.
name: Hood, Jonathan D.
name: Lin, Yen-Wei
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
name: Ni, Kang-Kuen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the formation of a single NaCs molecule in an optical tweezer by magnetoassociation through an s-wave Feshbach resonance at 864.11(5)G. Starting from single atoms cooled to their motional ground states, we achieve conversion efficiencies of 47(1)%, and measure a molecular lifetime of 4.7(7)ms. By construction, the single molecules are predominantly (77(5)%) in the center-of-mass motional ground state of the tweezer. Furthermore, we produce a single p-wave molecule near 807G by first preparing one of the atoms with one quantum of motional excitation. Our creation of a single weakly bound molecule in a designated internal state in the motional ground state of an optical tweezer is a crucial step towards coherent control of single molecules in optical tweezer arrays.