cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
LiftWEC Deliverable D9.1: Identification of potential technology stressors and environmental receptors of the LiftWEC technology
Creators: name: Vinagre, Pedro Almeida
name: Apolónia, Maria
name: Chozas, Julia Fernandez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: LiftWEC
Wave Energy
Wave Energy Converter
Lift-Based Wave Energy Converter
H2020 Deliverable

description: LiftWEC is a collaborative research project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 851885. The LiftWEC project aims at identifying promising configurations of a Wave Energy Converter operating through the use of one or more rotating hydrofoils that generate lift as the primary interaction with the incident waves. Under the project Work Package 9 (WP9) - Environmental Impact Assessment, four Tasks will be carried out to ensure the LiftWEC device development is made under the most suitable environmentally friendly criteria from an early design phase. The present document constitutes the first Deliverable of WP9: D9.1 – Identification of potential technology stressors and environmental receptors of the LiftWEC technology. This Deliverable is divided into five Sections: Section 1 describes the current configurations (preliminary configurations) defined for the LiftWEC installation. These configurations were generated during the LiftWEC Workshop organized in 2020 by the LiftWEC project Consortium and will form the basis for further research conducted throughout the project; Section 2 provides an overview of the Environmental Impact Assessment process for the Marine Renewable Energy sector, with focus on Ocean Energy projects; Section 3 presents the key stressors associated with MRE projects and its effects on environmental and socioeconomic receptors; Section 4 identifies the stressors and receptors that might be associated with the LiftWEC installation and suggests possible mitigation measures to the effects; Section 5 provides final remarks about the interaction between the MRE sector and environmental and socioeconomic receptors, including the role of LiftWEC.
description: This work was produced as part of the LiftWEC Project. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 851885. This output reflects the views only of the author(s), and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
LiftWEC Deliverable D9.2: Scoping report of the Environmental Impact Assessment
Creators: name: Vinagre, Pedro Almeida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: LiftWEC
Wave Energy
Wave Energy Converter
Lift-Based Wave Energy Converter
H2020 Deliverable

description: LiftWEC is a collaborative research project funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 851885. The LiftWEC project aims at identifying promising configurations of a Wave Energy Converter operating through the use of one or more rotating hydrofoils that generate lift as the primary interaction with the incident waves. Under the project Work Package 9 (WP9) – Environmental Impact Assessment, four Tasks will be carried out to ensure the LiftWEC device development is made under the most suitable environmentally friendly criteria from an early design phase. The first WP9 Task (Task 9.1) resulted in a report (Deliverable 9.11) which identified the potential technology stressors from the LiftWEC installation and its effects on environmental and socioeconomic receptors. The present document is developed under WP9 Task 9.3 and constitutes the second report of WP9: Deliverable 9.2 – Scoping report of the Environmental Impact Assessment. This report builds on D9.1 and further specifies the characteristics of the LiftWEC resulting in a preliminary Scoping report for the project Environmental Impact Assessment. While a full EIA Scoping report cannot be developed at this stage of the LiftWEC device development, this document intends to include as much of the information required as possible and, when information is not fully available, indicative information will be presented based on experience in the sector and consultation within the consortium. This report is divided into the following main Sections: • Section 1: Introduction to the EIA Scoping • Section 2: Description of the LiftWEC project • Section 3: Baseline information for the foreseen installation site • Section 4: Analysis of potential impacts and their mitigation • Section 5: Monitoring of potential negative impacts • Section 6: Concluding remarks
description: This work was produced as part of the LiftWEC Project. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 851885. This output reflects the views only of the author(s), and the European Union cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein.
Re-evaluating the Ahrensburgian Find Concentrations from Borneck-North and -East, District of Stormarn, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany
Creators: name: Hinrichs, Moiken
Publisher: name: Offa
Year: 2021

description: The re-evaluation of the find concentrations Borneck-north and -east, district of Stormarn, Schleswig-Holstein, Germany, has resulted in new insights into old excavation results. Besides revealing problematic aspects in the documentation, which unfortunately could not be solved, the re-evaluation made it possible to obtain a deeper insight into the composition of the inventories and the production sequences. Based on the results, the interpretation of the rock assemblages as tent rings is considered unlikely. The spatial distribution of the artefacts does not allow for the conclusion that the work areas are spatially delimited, although the interpretation may be impaired by the coarse-mesh grid used during the excavation. Contemporaneous occupation of the concentrations could be excluded because of an absence of refits between the inventories. At the same time, the refits indicate discrepancies regarding the chronological assignment of the inventories. Because there is no recorded stratigraphy for the sites, there is no way to ascertain whether the artefacts were all from the same layer or, instead, separated by sediment. Overall, however, the inventories were sealed and were undisturbed by later processes. The artefact production methods in both analysed inventories are in accordance with earlier studies of Ahrensburgian technology, but they show slight variations between the inventories. Despite an overarching similar approach to the material, the end result was two inventories that are distinguishable even with the naked eye. As the technical knowledge and locally available raw material can be assumed to have been similar in both inventories, the distinguishing factors here were more likely skill and intended end product. It seems, however, that both inventories had the end products removed as the occupants left the location, so no conclusions can be made about them. Although there are limits to the gain in knowledge when re-evaluating old excavations due to what seem from today’s perspective to be rather poor documentation and working methods, the effort is well worth it. In addition to bringing attention to the wealth of data that until now has been relatively unused, it is possible to clear up misinterpretations resulting from, for example, the fact that results were taken over uncritically and thus became unintentionally entrenched in research. Both will ultimately lead to a better understanding of the past.
description: Offa, 73–77 (2016–2020)
Analysis of biomass, biomass sampling methods, and weight scaling of lodgepole pine
Creators: name: Johnstone, W. D. (Wayne David)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Tree and tree component weights of 63 forest-grown lodgepole pine trees were investigated. Data were collected from one tenth-acre plot located in south western Alberta. Both graphical and multiple regression techniques were used. Of the independent variables tested, tree basal area was most closely related to the component weights, with the exceptions of bole bark weight and total stem dry weight. The fresh and dry weights of bole bark were most closely associated with tree height, and total stem dry weight was most closely associated with dbh. Very reliable estimates of tree and tree component weights were obtained using regression techniques and the independent variables previously mentioned. The proportions of the component weights of the total tree weights were determined. The proportions were highly variable and widely dispersed about the mean. The tree characteristic most closely associated with the various proportions varied for the component being analysed. The proportion of the total tree weight contained in the stem, slash, bark and bole wood decreased with increasing tree size. The proportion represented by the needles, branches, merchantable stem, and crown increased with tree size. The crown and needle characteristics of lodgepole pine were investigated. Tree size, whether measured as stem weight in pounds or cubic foot stem volume (ob), was most closely correlated with dry needle weight (in pounds). The number of needles per cubic foot of stem volume increased with increasing tree size. The needle characteristics of lodgepole pine are highly variable. Needle length was significantly related to needle width. Needle length was not significantly related to any tree characteristics. The need to develop reliable sampling methods for biomass and fire control studies was discussed. Double sampling with regression appeared to offer accurate estimates with a minimum of weight measurement. The number of trees required to obtain a sample mean within plus or minus 10 per cent of the population mean at the 95 per cent confidence level is too large to be practical for most biomass and fire control studies. A higher standard error of estimate is probably more desirable, thus allowing a greater number of conditions to be sampled in order to increase the representativeness of the study. The mutual relationship between tree weight and tree volume was investigated. Tree volume was highly correlated with tree weight. Reliable estimates of tree weight were obtained from tree volume. Variation in moisture content and specific gravity, within and between trees was analyzed. These variables were surprisingly uniform and appear to pose only minor problems in weight scaling, for lodgepole pine.
Calibration and Interpixel Capacitance of a H2RG(2Kx2K) Near-IR Detector
Creators: name: Smadja, G.
name: Cerna, C.
name: Ealet, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A temporal analysis of the noise is performed, and non linearities are taken into account. We then extend the correlation method to groups of several pixels to derive the interpixel capacitance of a detector, found to be x = -0.0263 +/- 0.0020 (stat) +/- 0.0040 (syst). All measurements are consistent to a sub-percent accuracy.
Entrusting the trustees: the regulation of self-managed superannuation funds in Australia
Creators: name: Castillo, Josephine
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Self-managed superannuation funds (SMSFs) are a uniquely Australian retirement savings vehicle which are constituted as trusts with one to four members, each of which must be a trustee of the fund unless under a legal disability. SMSFs have become so popular in recent years that as a sector they are now the largest in terms of number of funds and assets under management, yet very little academic study has been directed at this important sector to date. The intent of this thesis is to evaluate the regulation - both statutory and supervisory - of the SMSF sector, which has, since 1999, been subject to the supervisory regulation of the Australian Taxation Office. As a starting point, the regulation of SMSFs can be characterised as extremely difficult because of their private nature and sheer numbers. An examination of the demographic characteristics and motivations of the SMSF trustees forms part of this evaluation, as does an international comparison with selected western countries where self-directed superannuation is permitted. What is apparent is that the Australian SMSF enjoys a freedom unparalleled elsewhere and under that regime appears to be performing very well in enhancing its members' retirement savings.
Historical Linguistics of Korandje
Creators: name: Souag, Lameen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Historical Linguistics
Korandje

description: Note: This talk has not gone through a process of peer review, and findings should therefore be treated as preliminary and subject to change. SOAS Linguistics Webinars
 Summer 2020
 August 18 Lameen Souag (LACITO-CNRS) Abstract: The oasis of Tabelbala stands alone in Northwest Africa as the only place whose language, Korandje, comes from south of the Sahara. By analysing word origins and regular sound correspondences, its vocabulary can be divided into different strata, each reflecting a different phase of its speakers’ history and, in some cases, providing information on their past available from no other source. In combination with other data, this also makes it possible better to understand how the people of Tabelbala gradually integrated themselves into overlapping regional identities, navigating the racial and ethnic categories of a society deeply affected by slavery and its aftermath.
Abundances and physical parameters for stars in the open clusters NGC 5822 and IC 4756
Creators: name: Pace, G.
name: Danziger, J.
name: Carraro, G.
name: Melendez, J.
name: Francois, P.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: ;
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical chemical analyses may be affected by systematic errors that would cause observed abundance differences between dwarfs and giants. For some elements, however, the abundance difference could be real. We address the issue by observing 2 solar--type dwarfs in NGC 5822 and 3 in IC 4756, and comparing their composition with that of 3 giants in either of the aforementioned clusters. We determine iron abundance and stellar parameters of the dwarf stars, and the abundances of calcium, sodium, nickel, titanium, aluminium, chromium, silicon and oxygen for both the giants and dwarfs. We acquired UVES high-resolution, of high signal--to--noise ratio (S/N) spectra. The width of the cross correlation profiles was used to measure rotation velocities. For abundance determinations, the standard equivalent width analysis was performed differentially with respect to the Sun. For lithium and oxygen, we derived abundances by comparing synthetic spectra with observed line features. We find an iron abundance for dwarf stars equal to solar to within the margins of error for IC 4756, and slightly above for NGC 5822 ([Fe/H]= 0.01 and 0.05 dex respectively). The 3 stars in NG 4756 have lithium abundances between Log N(Li) 2.6 and 2.8 dex, the two stars in NGC 5822 have Log N(Li) ~ 2.8 and 2.5, respectively. For sodium, silicon, and titanium, we show that abundances of giants are significantly higher than those of the dwarfs of the same cluster (about 0.15, 0.15, and 0.35 dex).
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, A&A accepted
title: AI3SD PhenoHarmonIS Conference Report 2018
Creators: name: Kanza, Samantha
Publisher: name: University of Southampton
Year: 2018
Subjects: Semantic Web, Ontologies, Agriculture, Farming, Data, OWL, RDF, Linked Data

description: PhenoHarmonIS is an invite only week long workshop run every two years that is focused on harmonizing agronomic data using semantic web technologies. The scientific domains that were represented in this workshop are conservation, breeding, crop traits, agronomy and agro-ecology. The invited participants ranged from agronomists in many different areas of agriculture to data scientists and ontologists working in the agricultural domain. The participants were encouraged to provide feedback on the standards and tools that they use in their data management and analysis to identify which tools are useful, and where the issues and gaps currently lie. The workshop was also intended to assess progress made since the last PhenoHarmonIS conference in 2016, to see what tools and standards have been adopted and developed by the community.
title: Design and Construction of Deep Foundation Systems and Retaining Structures in Urban Areas in Difficult Soil and Groundwater Conditions
Creators: name: Katzenbach, Rolf
name: Leppla, Steffen
name: Ramm, Hendrik
name: Seip, Matthias
name: Kuttig, Heiko
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2022

description: Economic and environment-friendly design focuses on a reduction of construction material used, construction time spent and energy consumed within the buildings construction and service time. Regarding deep foundation systems and retaining structures for excavations this paper highlights the important role of enhanced geotechnical design and independent quality assurance by means of the 4-eye- principle.
Electronic properties of LaOFFeAs in the normal state probed by NMR/NQR
Creators: name: Grafe, H. -J.
name: Lang, G.
name: Hammerath, F.
name: Paar, D.
name: Manthey, K.
name: Koch, K.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Curro, N. J.
name: Behr, G.
name: Werner, J.
name: Leps, N.
name: Klingeler, R.
name: Klauss, H. -H.
name: Litterst, F. J.
name: Büchner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report 139La, 57Fe and 75As nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements on powders of the new LaO1-xFxFeAs superconductor for x = 0 and x = 0.1 at temperatures up to 480 K, and compare our measured NQR spectra with local density approximation (LDA) calculations. For all three nuclei in the x = 0.1 material, it is found that the local Knight shift increases monotonically with an increase in temperature, and scales with the macroscopic susceptibility, suggesting a single magnetic degree of freedom. Surprisingly, the spin lattice relaxation rates for all nuclei also scale with one another, despite the fact that the form factors for each site sample different regions of q-space. This result suggests a lack of any q-space structure in the dynamical spin susceptibility that might be expected in the presence of antiferromagnetic correlations. Rather, our results are more compatible with simple quasi-particle scattering. Furthermore, we find that the increase in the electric field gradient at the As cannot be accounted for by LDA calculations, suggesting that structural changes, in particular the position of the As in the unit cell, dominate the NQR response.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Positive streamers: inception and propagation along mineral-oil/solid interfaces
Creators: name: Ariza, David
name: Hollertz, Rebecca
name: Methling, Ralf
name: Gortschakow, Sergey
Publisher: name: Bristol ; Philadelphia, PA : IOP Publishing Ltd.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Electrical discharge
subject: Liquid/solid interfaces
subject: Mineral oil
subject: Positive streamer
subject: Streamer inception
subject: Streamer propagation
subject: 530

description: This paper presents an experimental characterization of the prebreakdown phenomena in liquid/solid interfaces. The characterization is devoted to the 2nd mode positive streamers initiated and propagated along interfaces of mineral-oil and solids with different chemical composition and physical properties. Polymers of low density polyethylene (LDPE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and papers made of kraft paper and a kraft fibril paper (made from cellulosic micro and nano fibrils), lignin-free paper and paper with high lignin content (referred to as k107 kraft paper) are used as the solid to study their influence on the streamer inception and propagation. The streamers are initiated at the interface by applying steps of voltage to a point-plane electrode arrangement with a solid (dielectric barrier) into the gap. The solid is placed diagonal to the oil gap and near to the point electrode. Shadowgraphs, charge and light intensity recordings are obtained during the inception and propagation of the streamers. Thus, estimations of the streamer length, velocity, current and average charge, are also presented. A time delay has been observed before the initiation of the streamer. This delay is probably correlated to the initiation process and formation of the gaseous phase of the streamer near to the interface. The threshold propagation voltage of the 2nd mode streamers at mineral-oil/solid interfaces is shown to be independent of the interface. However, the inception voltage is highly influenced by the interface. Additionally, the observed characteristics of streamers propagation (e.g. current, length, velocity, etc) along the tested interfaces cannot be fully explained by a capacitive coupling effect (permittivity mismatch). This open a discussion for the possibility that properties of the solid such as chemical composition, wettability and surface roughness can influence the streamer propagation.
New dynamo pattern revealed by solar helical magnetic fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Hongqi
name: Sakurai, T.
name: Pevtsov, A.
name: Gao, Yu
name: Xu, Haiqing
name: Sokoloff, D. D.
name: Kuzanyan, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previously unobservable mirror asymmetry of the solar magnetic field -- a key ingredient of the dynamo mechanism which is believed to drive the 11-year activity cycle -- has now been measured. This was achieved through systematic monitoring of solar active regions carried out for more than 20 years at observatories in Mees, Huairou, and Mitaka. In this paper we report on detailed analysis of vector magnetic field data, obtained at Huairou Solar Observing Station in China. Electric current helicity (the product of current and magnetic field component in the same direction) was estimated from the data and a latitude-time plot of solar helicity during the last two solar cycles has been produced. We find that like sunspots helicity patterns propagate equatorwards but unlike sunspot polarity helicity in each solar hemisphere does not change sign from cycle to cycle - confirming the theory. There are, however, two significant time-latitudinal domains in each cycle when the sign does briefly invert. Our findings shed new light on stellar and planetary dynamos and has yet to be included in the theory.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures 0 tables. MNRAS Letters, accepted
A Fair and Comprehensive Comparison of Multimodal Tweet Sentiment Analysis Methods
Creators: name: Cheema, Gullal S.
name: Hakimov, Sherzod
name: Müller-Budack, Eric
name: Ewerth, Ralph
Publisher: name: Ithaka : Cornell University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Multimodal Sentiment Analysis
subject: Information Retrieval
subject: Social Media
subject: Computer Vision
subject: Natural Language Processing
subject: Transformer Models
subject: 020

description: Opinion and sentiment analysis is a vital task to characterize subjective information in social media posts. In this paper, we present a comprehensive experimental evaluation and comparison with six state-of-the-art methods, from which we have re-implemented one of them. In addition, we investigate different textual and visual feature embeddings that cover different aspects of the content, as well as the recently introduced multimodal CLIP embeddings. Experimental results are presented for two different publicly available benchmark datasets of tweets and corresponding images. In contrast to the evaluation methodology of previous work, we introduce a reproducible and fair evaluation scheme to make results comparable. Finally, we conduct an error analysis to outline the limitations of the methods and possibilities for the future work.
Gluon-propagator functional form in the Landau gauge in SU(3) lattice QCD: Yukawa-type gluon propagator and anomalous gluon spectral function
Creators: name: Iritani, Takumi
name: Suganuma, Hideo
name: Iida, Hideaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the gluon propagator $D_{μν}^{ab}(x)$ in the Landau gauge in SU(3) lattice QCD at $β$ = 5.7, 5.8, and 6.0 at the quenched level. The effective gluon mass is estimated as $400 \sim 600$MeV for $r \equiv (x_αx_α)^{1/2} = 0.5 \sim 1.0$ fm. Through the functional-form analysis of $D_{μν}^{ab}(x)$ obtained in lattice QCD, we find that the Landau-gauge gluon propagator $D_{μμ}^{aa}(r)$ is well described by the Yukawa-type function $e^{-mr}/r$ with $m \simeq 600$MeV for $r = 0.1 \sim 1.0$ fm in the four-dimensional Euclidean space-time. In the momentum space, the gluon propagator $\tilde D_{μμ}^{aa}(p^2)$ with $(p^2)^{1/2}= 0.5 \sim 3$ GeV is found to be well approximated with a new-type propagator of $(p^2+m^2)^{-3/2}$, which corresponds to the four-dimensional Yukawa-type propagator. Associated with the Yukawa-type gluon propagator, we derive analytical expressions for the zero-spatial-momentum propagator $D_0(t)$, the effective mass $M_{\rm eff}(t)$, and the spectral function $ρ(ω)$ of the gluon field. The mass parameter $m$ turns out to be the effective gluon mass in the infrared region of $\sim$ 1fm. As a remarkable fact, the obtained gluon spectral function $ρ(ω)$ is almost negative-definite for $ω>m$, except for a positive $δ$-functional peak at $ω=m$.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures
Three in One: The Versatility of Hydrogen Bonding Interaction in Halide Salts with Hydroxy-Functionalized Pyridinium Cations
Creators: name: Al Sheakh, Loai
name: Niemann, Thomas
name: Villinger, Alexander
name: Stange, Peter
name: Zaitsau, Dzmitry H.
name: Strate, Anne
name: Ludwig, Ralf
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verl.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: halide salts
subject: hydrogen bonding
subject: ionic liquids
subject: IR spectroscopy
subject: X-ray crystallography
subject: 540

description: The paradigm of supramolecular chemistry relies on the delicate balance of noncovalent forces. Here we present a systematic approach for controlling the structural versatility of halide salts by the nature of hydrogen bonding interactions. We synthesized halide salts with hydroxy-functionalized pyridinium cations [HOCn Py]+ (n=2, 3, 4) and chloride, bromide and iodide anions, which are typically used as precursor material for synthesizing ionic liquids by anion metathesis reaction. The X-ray structures of these omnium halides show two types of hydrogen bonding: 'intra-ionic' H-bonds, wherein the anion interacts with the hydroxy group and the positively charged ring at the same cation, and 'inter-ionic' H-bonds, wherein the anion also interacts with the hydroxy group and the ring system but of different cations. We show that hydrogen bonding is controllable by the length of the hydroxyalkyl chain and the interaction strength of the anion. Some molten halide salts exhibit a third type of hydrogen bonding. IR spectra reveal elusive H-bonds between the OH groups of cations, showing interaction between ions of like charge. They are formed despite the repulsive interaction between the like-charged ions and compete with the favored cation-anion H-bonds. All types of H-bonding are analyzed by quantum chemical methods and the natural bond orbital approach, emphasizing the importance of charge transfer in these interactions. For simple omnium salts, we evidenced three distinct types of hydrogen bonds: Three in one!
Book by Marcy Simons explores the evolving landscape of the academic library profession
Creators: name: Mrozinske, Jenna
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: Marcy Simons, organizational development librarian at the University of Notre Dame’s Hesburgh Libraries, has published a book titled “Academic Library Metamorphosis and Regeneration.” She explores the remarkable transformations in the academic library profession over decades and outlines how this complex history can prepare the industry for future change.
Spin Bose-Metal phase in a spin-1/2 model with ring exchange on a two-leg triangular strip
Creators: name: Sheng, D. N.
name: Motrunich, Olexei I.
name: Fisher, Matthew P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on triangular lattice organic Mott insulators have found evidence for a 2D spin liquid in proximity to the metal-insulator transition. A Gutzwiller wavefunction study of the triangular lattice Heisenberg model with appropriate four-spin ring exchanges has found that the projected spinon Fermi sea state has a low variational energy. This wavefunction, together with a slave particle gauge theory, suggests that such spin liquid possesses spin correlations that are singular along surfaces in momentum space ("Bose surfaces"). Signatures of this state, which we refer to as a "Spin Bose-Metal" (SBM), are expected to be manifest in quasi-1D ladder systems: The discrete transverse momenta cut through the 2D Bose surface leading to a distinct pattern of 1D gapless modes. Here we search for a quasi-1D descendant of the triangular lattice SBM state by exploring the Heisenberg plus ring model on a two-leg strip (zigzag chain). Using DMRG, variational wavefunctions, and a Bosonization analysis, we map out the full phase diagram. Without ring exchange the model is equivalent to the J_1 - J_2 Heisenberg chain, and we find the expected Bethe-chain and dimerized phases. Remarkably, moderate ring exchange reveals a new gapless phase over a large swath of the phase diagram. Spin and dimer correlations possess particular singular wavevectors and allow us to identify this phase as the hoped for quasi-1D descendant SBM state. We derive a low energy theory and find three gapless modes and one Luttinger parameter controlling all power laws. Potential instabilities out of the zigzag SBM give rise to other interesting phases such as a period-3 VBS or a period-4 Chirality order, which we discover in the DMRG; we also find an interesting SBM state with partial ferromagnetism.
description: 30 pages, 23 figures
Relationships between some elements in rocks, soils and plants of some mineralized areas of British Columbia
Creators: name: Barakso, John (Ja'nos)
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The distribution of trace elements in bedrock, soils and plants, was studied in twelve areas of British Columbia where mineralization was known to occur below different kinds and depths of overburden. Samples were taken from two soil profiles and the bedrock at each location, and second and third year twigs of the principal vegetation found within a radius of fifty feet of each profile were also collected. The bedrock, soil and plant samples were analysed. The soil samples were used for the determination of pH, organic matter content, percentage of material <80 mesh, cation exchange capacity, exchangeable heavy metals, and content of Cu, Mo, Zn, Pb, As, Co, Ni, Fe and Hg. The same elements were determined in the bedrock and vegetation samples. The results were examined graphically for relationships between elemental contents of the bedrock, soil horizons and vegetation. The data were then statistically analysed.(a) soil horizons and plant relationship with bedrock. (b) inter-elemental relationship of individual horizons of soils and of plants, as well as all horizon relationships. (c) multiple correlation study of cation exchange capacity, percentage of organic material and -80 mesh of element content of individual and all soil horizons. These studies showed that, although most of the soil horizons were developed from transported materials, (glacial, alluvial, etc.), there was a highly significant correlation with B and C horizons and bedrock that confirmed the value of soil sampling in prospecting, since horizon development includes the upwards migration of the elements from bedrock. The secondary dispersion of the halo elements (Mo, Zn, Pb, As, Co, Ni, Hg) proved useful as pathfinders where major economic elements may have been masked during the upward migration process. Secondary dispersion may also be in some degree, helpful in identifying the origin of soils and plants. A great divergence in the affinity of various plants for different elements, and of the same species at different locations, was noted. It was also observed that plants have a closer relationship to the soils than to the bedrock itself, but even so, indicate mineralization. The important relationships between elemental distributions in soil horizons and in plants with bedrock, indicated a logarithmic relationship. The multiple correlation study indicated that some of the major factors of influencing the level of element content in soils developed on transported material-covered areas, are the size of the soil particles and frequently the pH of the soil. In general, the study indicated that the distribution of trace elements is highly complex and that bedrock, soils, and plants, should all be combined into one study; since the study of one of these alone would be incomplete without the others.
Development of next-generation membrane platforms from self-assembled block polymer precursors
Creators: name: Weidman, Jacob
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: In this dissertation, the development of a new membrane technology that can be utilized as a template for separation devices in a broad variety of fields is discussed. In general, membranes are implemented in processes to act as semi-permeable separators, allowing particles to pass through at different rates, thus effecting a separation. However, many currently used membranes are limited by either their selectivity for one particle over another or their permeability. Previous research has demonstrated the ability to cast block polymers into membranes with self-assembled nanostructures making them efficient sizeselective separators that are both highly permeable and selective. The research presented here builds further upon these materials, changing the chemistry of one of the functional blocks to allow the membranes to act as functionalizable platforms that can be chemically tailored for directed applications. The material demonstrated the ability to self-assemble Jacob L. Weidman into nanopores, and after hydrolysis, carried out separations that set new limits for block polymer membranes. By performance testing in affinity-based separations, the membrane displayed high uptake capacities, sharp breakthrough, and good selectivity of divalent ions in water. These membranes offer further versatility in their ability to be chemicallymodified to incorporate a variety of small molecules into the pore walls. The efficient removal of heavy metal ions shows the applicability to critical separations needed in our society today. Even further, the establishment of the functionalizable self-assembled membrane lays the groundwork for countless opportunities in future separations yet to be developed
Charged impurity scattering in bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Xiao, Shudong
name: Chen, Jian-Hao
name: Adam, Shaffique
name: Williams, Ellen D.
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have examined the impact of charged impurity scattering on charge carrier transport in bilayer graphene (BLG) by deposition of potassium in ultra-high vacuum at low temperature. Charged impurity scattering gives a conductivity which is supra-linear in carrier density, with a magnitude similar to single-layer graphene for the measured range of carrier densities of 2-4 x 10^12 cm^-2. Upon addition of charged impurities of concentration n_imp, the minimum conductivity Sigma_min decreases proportional to n_imp^-1/2, while the electron and hole puddle carrier density increases proportional to n_imp^1/2. These results for the intentional deposition of potassium on BLG are in good agreement with theoretical predictions for charged impurity scattering. However, our results also suggest that charged impurity scattering alone cannot explain the observed transport properties of pristine BLG on SiO2 before potassium doping.
Anti-Stokes Stress Sensing: Mechanochemical Activation of Triplet-Triplet Annihilation Photon Upconversion
Creators: name: Yildiz, Deniz
name: Baumann, Christoph
name: Mikosch, Annabel
name: Kuehne, Alexander J.C.
name: Herrmann, Andreas
name: Göstl, Robert
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: mechanochemistry
subject: pericyclic reactions
subject: photon upconversion
subject: polymers
subject: triplet-triplet annihilation
subject: 540

description: The development of methods to detect damage in macromolecular materials is of paramount importance to understand their mechanical failure and the structure–property relationships of polymers. Mechanofluorophores are useful and sensitive molecular motifs for this purpose. However, to date, tailoring of their optical properties remains challenging and correlating emission intensity to force induced material damage and the respective events on the molecular level is complicated by intrinsic limitations of fluorescence and its detection techniques. Now, this is tackled by developing the first stress-sensing motif that relies on photon upconversion. By combining the Diels–Alder adduct of a π-extended anthracene with the porphyrin-based triplet sensitizer PtOEP in polymers, triplet–triplet annihilation photon upconversion of green to blue light is mechanochemically activated in solution as well as in the solid state. © 2019 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Unambiguous comparison of quantum measurements
Creators: name: Ziman, Mario
name: Heinosaari, Teiko
name: Sedlak, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of comparison is to reveal the difference of compared objects as fast and reliably as possible. In this paper we formulate and investigate the unambiguous comparison of unknown quantum measurements represented by non-degenerate sharp POVMs. We distinguish between measurement devices with apriori labeled and unlabeled outcomes. In both cases we can unambiguously conclude only that the measurements are different. For the labeled case it is sufficient to use each unknown measurement only once and the average conditional success probability decreases with the Hilbert space dimension as 1/d. If the outcomes of the apparatuses are not labeled, then the problem is more complicated. We analyze the case of two-dimensional Hilbert space. In this case single shot comparison is impossible and each measurement device must be used (at least) twice. The optimal test state in the two-shots scenario gives the average conditional success probability 3/4. Interestingly, the optimal experiment detects unambiguously the difference with nonvanishing probability for any pair of observables.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Deep Chandra observations of TeV binaries I: LSI +61 303
Creators: name: Rea, N.
name: Torres, D. F.
name: van der Klis, M.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Mendez, M.
name: Sierpowska-Bartosik, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a 95ks Chandra observation of the TeV emitting High Mass X-ray Binary LSI +61 303, using the ACIS-S camera in Continuos Clocking mode to search for a possible X-ray pulsar in this system. The observation was performed while the compact object was passing from phase 0.94 to 0.98 in its orbit around the Be companion star (hence close to the apastron passage). We did not find any periodic or quasi-periodic signal (at this orbital phase) in a frequency range of 0.005-175 Hz. We derived an average pulsed fraction 3 sigma upper limit for the presence of a periodic signal of ~10% (although this limit is strongly dependent on the frequency and the energy band), the deepest limit ever reached for this object. Furthermore, the source appears highly variable in flux and spectrum even in this very small orbital phase range, in particular we detect two flares, lasting thousands of seconds, with a very hard X-ray spectrum with respect to the average source spectral distribution. The X-ray pulsed fraction limits we derived are lower than the pulsed fraction of any isolated rotational-powered pulsar, in particular having a TeV counterpart. In this scenario most of the X-ray emission of LSI +61 303 should necessarily come from the interwind or inner-pulsar wind zone shock rather than from the magnetosphere of the putative pulsar. Furthermore, we did not find evidence for the previously suggested extended X-ray emission (abridged).
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, MNRAS in press
Sigma pole position and errors of a once and twice subtracted dispersive analysis of pi-pi scattering data
Creators: name: Kaminski, R.
name: Garcia-Martin, R.
name: Grynkiewicz, P.
name: Pelaez, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the new precise data on kaon decays together with forward dispersion relations, sum rules and once- and twice-subtracted Roy's equations allow for a precise determination of the sigma meson pole position. We present a comparison and a study of the different sources of uncertainties when using either once- or twice-subtracted Roy's equations to analyze the data. Finally we present a preliminary determination of the sigma pole from the constrained dispersive data analysis.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the QCD08 14th International QCD Conference. 7-12th July 2008 Montpellier (France); one reference removed, changed errors in Eqs (4), (5) and (7)
Detecting individual gravity modes in the Sun: Chimera or reality?
Creators: name: Garcia, Rafael A.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Eff-Darwich, A.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Jimenez, A.
name: Mathis, S.
name: Mathur, S.
name: Moya, A.
name: Palle, P. L.
name: Regulo, C.
name: Salabert, D.
name: Sato, K.
name: Suarez, J. C.
name: Turck-Chieze, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past 15 years, our knowledge of the interior of the Sun has tremendously progressed by the use of helioseismic measurements. However, to go further in our understanding of the solar core, we need to measure gravity (g) modes. Thanks to the high quality of the Doppler-velocity signal measured by GOLF/SoHO, it has been possible to unveil the signature of the asymptotic properties of the solar g modes, thus obtaining a hint of the rotation rate in the core. However, the quest for the detection of individual g modes is not yet over. In this work, we apply the latest theoretical developments to guide our research using GOLF velocity time series. In contrary to what was thought till now, we are maybe starting to identify individual low-frequency g modes...
description: Highlight of Astronomy (HoA) proceedings of the JD-11, IAU 2009. 2 pages, 1 figure
Structured Sparse Regression Methods for Learning from High-Dimensional Genomic Data
Creators: name: Marchetti-Bowick, Micol
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Computational Biology

description: The past several decades have witnessed an unprecedented explosion in the size and scope of genomicdatasets, paving the way for statistical and computational data analysis techniques to play a critical role in driving scientific discovery in the fields of biology and medicine. However, genomic datasets suffer from a number of problems that weaken their signal-to-noise ratio, including small sample sizes and widespread data heterogeneity. As a result, the naive application of traditional machinelearning approaches to many problems in computational biology can lead to unreliable results and spurious conclusions. In this thesis, we propose several new techniques for extracting meaningful information fromnoisy genomic data. To combat the challenges posed by high-dimensional, heterogeneous datasets, we leverage prior knowledge about the underlying structure of a problem to design models with increased statistical power to distinguish signal from noise. Specifically, we rely on structured sparse regularization penalties to encode relevant information into a model without sacrificing interpretability. Our models take advantage of knowledge about the structure shared among related samples, features, or tasks, which we derive from biological insights, to boost their power to identify true patterns in the data. Finally, we apply these methods to several widely studied problems in computational biology, including identifying genetic loci that are associated with a phenotype of interest, learning generegulatory networks, and predicting the survival rates of cancer patients. We demonstrate that leveraging prior knowledge about the structure of a problem yields increased statistical power to detect associations between different components of a biological system (e.g., SNPs and genes). This in turn provides greater insight into complex biological processes and more accurate predictions of disease phenotypes, ultimately leading to improved diagnosis and treatment of human diseases.
Prospects of Coupled Organic-Inorganic Nanostructures for Charge and Energy Transfer Applications
Creators: name: Steiner, Anja Maria
name: Lissel, Franziska
name: Fery, Andreas
name: Lauth, Jannika
name: Scheele, Marcus
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: inorganic nanostructures
subject: optoelectronic Devices
subject: organic π-Systems
subject: plasmonics
subject: self-assembly
subject: 540

description: We review the field of organic–inorganic nanocomposites with a focus on materials that exhibit a significant degree of electronic coupling across the hybrid interface. These nanocomposites undergo a variety of charge and energy transfer processes, enabling optoelectronic applications in devices which exploit singlet fission, triplet energy harvesting, photon upconversion or hot charge carrier transfer. We discuss the physical chemistry of the most common organic and inorganic components. Based on those we derive synthesis and assembly strategies and design criteria on material and device level with a focus on photovoltaics, spin memories or optical upconverters. We conclude that future research in the field should be directed towards an improved understanding of the binding motif and molecular orientation at the hybrid interface. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Wiley-VCH GmbH
Electric quadrupole and magnetic octupole moments of the Delta
Creators: name: Ramalho, G.
name: Pena, M. T.
name: Gross, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a covariant spectator constituent quark model we predict an electric quadrupole moment -0.043 efm^2 and a magnetic octupole moment -0.0035 efm^3 for the Delta+ excited state of the nucleon.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure