cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Equilibrium, Disequilibrium, and the General Possibility of a Science of Politics
Creators: name: Fiorina, Morris P.
name: Shepsle, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: In recent years important theoretical contributions have shown that majority rule is a very badly behaved collective choice mechanism. In the absence of artificial restraints on preferences majority rule processes are almost always in disequilibrium. Moreover, the extent of the disequilibrium is pervasive, as captured by the observation that "anything can happen". What are the implications of such nihilistic results for the study of democratic political processes? Some authors believe that the implications are major, that they in fact preclude the development of a science of politics. Other authors take a more sanguine view. This essay argues that equilibrium notions, as presently formulated, are neither necessary nor sufficient for the development of a scientific study of politics. The newly proved disequilibrium results do suggest a change in the research agenda facing political scientists. The broad outlines of that agenda, and a general strategy for proceeding are discussed.
description: This paper has been prepared for the Conference on Political Equilibrium in Honor of William H. Riker, Washington-Hilton, August 27, 1980. The authors acknowledge comments on an earlier draft, ranging from constructive hostility to benign neglect, from: Randall Calvert, John Ferejohn, Robert Parks, Charles Plott, Robert Salisbury, and Barry Weingast.

Published as Fiorina, Morris P., and Kenneth A. Shepsle. "Equilibrium, disequilibrium, and the general possibility of a science of politics." Political equilibrium. Springer Netherlands, 1982. 49-64.
description: Submitted - sswp364.pdf
Glyptothorax indicus
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Sisoridae
Glyptothorax
Glyptothorax indicus

description: Glyptothorax indicus:
ZSI F11376/1, holotype, 88.0 mm SL; India: streams of Terai, north Bengal. OSUS 16538 (12), 58.5-133.7 mm SL; Nepal: Nawalparasi, Narayani River at Tribeni Ghat.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2005, Glyptothorax botius (Hamilton, 1822), a valid species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeast India, with notes on the identity of G. telchitta (Hamilton, 1822)., pp. 1-19 in Zootaxa 930 on page 18
title: Lettre n°1383 de Paul d'Estournelles de Constant à Nicholas Murray Butler (1 septembre 1923)
title: Letter number 1383 from Paul d'Estournelles de Constant to Nicholas Murray Butler (September 1, 1923)
Creators: name: d'Estournelles de Constant, Paul
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023
Subjects: Pacifisme
Guerre mondiale (1914-1918)

description: Source: Archives de la Sarthe – France
Sphiggurus ichillus Voss and da Silva 2001
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus ichillus

description: Sphiggurus ichillus Voss and da Silva 2001
Sphiggurus ichillus Voss and da Silva 2001, Am. Mus. Novit., 3351: 17.
Type Locality: Ecuador, Río Pastaza.
Vernacular Names: Streaked Dwarf Porcupine.
Distribution: Amazonian lowlands E Ecuador but see Voss and da Silva (2001).
Discussion: Assigned to vestitus group based on presence of bristle-quills (Voss and da Silva, 2001).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Erethizontidae, pp. 1545-1550 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1548, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Glyptothorax pectinopterus
Creators: name: Heok Hee Ng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Siluriformes
Sisoridae
Glyptothorax
Glyptothorax pectinopterus

description: Glyptothorax pectinopterus:
NRM 30132 (27), 39.4-64.5 mm SL; India: Jhelum River, left bank, ca. 1 km downstream of Gingal, 34°7'34.0"N 74°5'36.0"E.
description: Published as part of Heok Hee Ng, 2005, Glyptothorax botius (Hamilton, 1822), a valid species of catfish (Teleostei: Sisoridae) from northeast India, with notes on the identity of G. telchitta (Hamilton, 1822)., pp. 1-19 in Zootaxa 930 on page 18
Optimal and Nonoptimal Satisficing I: A Model of 'Satisfactory' Choice
Creators: name: Grether, David M.
name: Wilde, Louis L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1982

description: In this paper the authors report the results of a series of individual choice experiments designed to test the usefulness of a particular theory of satisficing and of conjunctive choice models. Several authors have argued that modeling complicated choice problems by using a conjunctive approach can provide useful simplifications. In fact optimal behavior with these models can involve implementation of extremely complicated strategies. The experiments reported deal with multidimensional search problems structured so that the conjunctive model is appropriate. Four groups of subjects performed the same tasks with similar results. In general, subjects' behavior conforms well to predictions based on optimization and where there is systematic deviation they are consistent with a specific theory of satisficing.
description: Revised. Original dated to April 1981.

The support of the National Science Foundation is gratefully acknowledged.
description: Submitted - sswp363_-_revised.pdf
Phalacroma doryphorum Stein 1883
Creators: name: Bhowal, A
name: Purushothaman, J
name: Siddique, A
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Myzozoa
Dinophyceae
Dinophysiales
Oxyphysaceae
Phalacroma
Phalacroma doryphorum

description: 9. Phalacroma doryphorum Stein 1883
Diagnostic characters: Thecate dinoflagellate with a broad round convex epitheca and a narrowed, asymmetrical hypotheca. From the hypotheca arises a triangular antapical spine. Cell body ovoid in shape. Presence of a convex cingulum (Fig. 2j).
Distribution: Bay of Bengal 12, Andaman Sea 11, Maldives 39, Indian Ocean 11, Eastern Pacific Ocean 38, Gulf of Mexico 42, Mexican waters, Pacific Ocean 33, Australian waters 31, Mediterranean waters 26, Portugal 43, Canary Islands, Atlantic Ocean 34.
This species was recorded from the stations APK3 and APK4 (subsurface depths) for the first time in Kakinada waters, and in the state of Andhra Pradesh.
description: Published as part of Bhowal, A, Purushothaman, J & Siddique, A, 2023, Taxonomic studies of marine dinoflagellates and distribution in the coastal waters of Kakinada, Andhra Pradesh, India, pp. 390-401 in Indian Journal of Geo Marine Sciences 52 (8) on page 398, DOI: 10.56042/ijms.v52i08.11023, http://zenodo.org/record/11622455
title: Divergent Expectations, R & D Expenditures and Technical Progress
title: Divergent Expectations and R & D Expenditures
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Quirk, James P.
name: Terasawa, Katsuaki
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: This paper deals with the problem of whether diversity of beliefs or consensus leads to a higher level of R and D spending in an industry, or a faster rate of technical progress, or a lower price for the industry's product. The answer depends upon characteristics of the demand function for industry output as well as the density functions reflecting probability beliefs of firm managers. Sufficient conditions are given for consensus (diversity) to ''pay'' in terms of R and D spending and/or the rate of technological progress, and R and D spending under market incentives is contrasted with an "optimal" level of R and D expenditures. The analysis is illustrated in more detail for the case of exponential density functions.
description: This research was supported in part under a grant from the Department of Energy. We also wish to thank Forrest Nelson, Dave Grether, and Gib Bogle for their helpful comments, and Jeanne Wadsworth, and Leslie Fort for their typing of this paper. The intellectual stimulus for the paper comes from many conversations with Burt Klein concerning issues discussed in his recent work; but he should not be held responsible for the specifics of our model or our interpretation of the problem posed here.

Published as Quirk, James, and Katsuaki Terasawa. "Divergent Expectations and R&D Expenditures," in Coal Models under Use in Government Planning, eds. Quirk, Janes P., Terasawa, K., and Whipple, David. Praeger Press, 1982.
description: Published - sswp361.pdf
Casework Service in Great Britain and the United States
Creators: name: Cain, Bruce E.
name: Ferejohn, John A.
name: Fiorina, Morris P.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: The policy-making component of representation in the U.S. and Great Britain has been closely studied and compared, but the constituency's component—the handling of constituent complaints and the protection of constituency interests—is less well understood. This paper considers two questions about the constituency component of representation: how much and what kinds of casework services do MPs as opposed to Congressmen provide, and secondly, what are the statistical determinants of these activities? With regard to the first question, our findings indicate that MPs devote more of their own time and resources to constituency work than do Congressmen. In addition, we identify representatives on both sides of the Atlantic who adopt a more aggressive strategy towards their constituency work. This strategy is manifested by such activities as publicizing successful cases, handling cases which concern local government matters, the frequency of surgeries and the active solicitation of cases. In the second part of this paper, we model these activities as being related to the electoral margin, party and the year the representative was elected. These estimations indicate that casework entrepreneurs in both countries are most likely to be in marginal seats, recently elected and Democrats or Labour.
description: Submitted - sswp359.pdf
Instrucçam sobre a cultura das amoreiras, e criaçaò dos bichos da seda...
Creators: name: Bluteau, Raphael
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 8°
description: Source: Bibliothèque patrimoniale Villon (Rouen), fonds Liber, Mt p 12718
An integrated relief pre-positioning, procurement planning, and casualty type’s allocation in a humanitarian supply chain
Creators: name: Mazloum, Mehdi
name: nezhad, Amir Mohamad Ahmadi
name: Bakhshi, Alireza
name: Rabbani, Masoud
name: Aghsami, Amir
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: Natural disasters are accidental and unpredictable occurrences requiring particular procedure developments to minimise their impairment. Adequate capacity with appropriate location of medical centres, effective distribution of reliefs, and auxiliary equipment play an influential role in post-disaster relief and rescue operations. Pre-disaster efforts can be practical not only for Humanitarian Supply Chains (HSCs) but also supportive of Humanitarian Organizations (HOs) in the post-disaster phase. This study presents a two-stage stochastic programming model in which (1) the site and numeral of Temporary Medical Centers (TMCs) given the number of existing hospitals, the probability of damage to roads/hospitals besides categorising casualties (triage) are analyzed, and (2) the influence of a Quantity Flexibility (QF) contract is investigated for pre-positioning and procurement planning. After selecting reliable supplier(s), the model determines a suitable level for pre-positioning and ordering each relief item. Also, the model identifies the optimal TMCs positioning solution considering casualty types, demand, span between the affected regions, medical centres with available capacity, and multi-transportation modes. A case study is conducted in the earthquake-prone area of Tehran. Extensive sensitivity analyses are accomplished to gain valuable managerial insights. The results prove the proposed model can trade off strategic, tactical, and operational decisions in the pre-and-post-disaster phases.
Notoprotella Takeuchi & Lowry 2019
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Lowry, James K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Caprellidae
Notoprotella

description: Notoprotella sp.
(Figure 13)
Material examined
One mature femaleı AM P.54266 ı 33 °17 ʹ S 151°41 ʹ Eı east of Norah Headı New South Walesı June 1921 ı coll. A.A. Livingstoneı F.A. McNeillı S. T. Goonambee (Figure 13).
Locality
East of Norah Headı New South Walesı Australia.
Description
Mature female ı body length 12.63 mmı AM P.54266. Head 0.86 mm; pereonite 1ı 0.82 mm; pereonite 2ı 2.49 mm; pereonite 3ı 2.37 mm; pereonite 4ı 2.17 mm; pereonite 5ı 2.64 mm. Pereonites 6 and 7 partially fusedı 1.27 mm.
Head/pereonite 1 fused (suture present); head with paired anteriorly forwarded dorsal projections; eyes largeı distinctive. Antenna 1 at least 0.9 × body length; peduncle article 2 longest; flagellum at least 0.5 × peduncular lengthı with 14 + articlesı flagellum proximal article composed of 3 fused articles. Antenna 2 with short setae along posterior margin; flagellum about 0.2 × of peduncular lengthı flagellum with 2 articles.
Pereon. Pereonite 2 longestı with small anterolateral projectionı with small midlateral projectionı with small paired mid-dorsal projections. Pereonite 3 with subacute anterolateral projection. Pereonite 4 with round anterolateral projection.
Gnathopod 2 begins 0.3 along anterior margin of corresponding pereonite; coxa vestigial; basis subequal in length to pereonite 2ı with anterodistal projection; ischium with anterodistal projection; carpus 0.17 × propodus length; propodus largeı elongated (subrectangular)ı length 2.3 × widthı anterodistal margin narrowly concaveı with small anterodistal triangular projection; palm proximal projection with 1 robust (grasping) setaı palm smoothı setoseı with midpalmar projectionı with narrow sinusı with distal shelfı with 1 large projection.
Gill 3 elongateı length 0.7 × corresponding pereonite. Pereopod 3 slenderı with 2 articles; length 5 × width; Gill 4 elongateı length 0.6 × corresponding pereoniteı curved anteriorly. Pereopod 4 ı similar to pereopod 3.
Remarks
The present species is closest to Notoprotella gordoni (Guilerı 1954) ı but differs clearly from N. gordoni by the paired dorsal projection on headı instead of the single projection in N. gordoni (Guilerı 1954). Most of the descriptions of Notoprotella and related genera were based on the large male specimens. Howeverı only one mature female has been found until now. Thusı we retain the present specimen as sp. belonging to Notoprotella.
description: Published as part of Takeuchi, Ichiro & Lowry, James K., 2019, A taxonomic study on Orthoprotella and related genera (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) of New South Walesı Australia, pp. 1023-1059 in Journal of Natural History 53 (17) on pages 1049-1050, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1589590, http://zenodo.org/record/3673283
Trechisibus
Creators: name: Allegro, Gianni
name: Giachino, Pier Mauro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Trechisibus

description: Trechisibus species from Peru
The following new species are described.
description: Published as part of Allegro, Gianni & Giachino, Pier Mauro, 2016, Nine new Trechisibus species from Peru and Argentina (Coleoptera: Carabidae: Trechinae), pp. 49-72 in Zootaxa 4193 (1) on page 50, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4193.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/166618
Modeling the Past: A Note on the Search for Proper Form
Creators: name: Broder, Ivy
name: Litchman, Allan J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: As historians move beyond the computation of predictive measures to fashion regression models of past behavior they need to consider not only the estimation of regression parameters, but also the specification of a functional form for the model itself. The choice of a particular form for expressing the relationships among variables often has important implications for interpreting the historical issues under investigation. This paper presents methodology developed by J. B. Ramsey and other theorists for comparing distinct functional forms of a regression model according to criteria other than differences in the capacity to account for variation in the dependent variable. Ramsey's procedure directly tests the hypothesis of correctly specified functional form through scrutiny of the pattern of residuals that would be expected for properly specified models. The methodology can thus provide useful information on the choice of computing models especially when measures of explained variation are too close in value to indicate a clear preference for a given equation.
description: Submitted - sswp358.pdf
Nonterminating Disagreements and Implicit Presuppositions: B. F. Skinner and Carl R. Rogers
Creators: name: Faust, Margaret S.
name: Faust, William L.
name: Mason Jones, Molly
name: Jones, William Thomas
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: In this paper it is argued that nonterminating disagreements (such as those that Skinner and Rogers represent within the field of psychology) are likely to be associated with contrasting patterns of "implicit presuppositions." Nineteen subjects rated each of two essays, one by Skinner and the other by Rogers, on eleven bipolar presuppositions. There was consensus among raters that the Skinnerian and Rogerian positions contained significantly different presuppositions. An interpretation of disagreements between these two schools of psychology is offered in terms of the contrasting patterns of presuppositions that were identified.
description: The authors gratefully acknowledge the help of Laurel Gray in the collection of data.
description: Submitted - sswp357.pdf
A Convergent Demand Revealing Process
Creators: name: Suchanek, Gerry L.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: Presented is a decentralized tâtonnement public good allocation process that converges to an efficient allocation in a wide class of two good neoclassical economies when consumers are permitted to be non-competitive utility maximizers. The process is a demand revealing mechanism generalized to include an enforcement rule administered by the government which defines a response function, making the government a dynamically active participant• in the allocation process. This generalization greatly improves upon the basic mechanism which has been considered extensively in the literature, and under which the government functions as a passive public good procurement agent when the model is formulated dynamically, solely processing information received from consumers and then implementing the implied demands. Inclusion of an enforcement rule permits the government to impose an intertemporal consistency requirement on the communications of individual consumers. It is shown that •there is an enforcement rule so that a strategy equilibrium is always attained asymptotically and so that the equilibrium allocation is efficient; in equilibrium, there is no waste, no bankruptcy and consumers communicate local truth.
description: I would like to express my appreciation to Professor Jerome Goldstein and Professor Ronald Batchelder of the mathematics and economics departments, respectively, Tulane University, for their many helpful comments and criticisms of material presented in this paper. Errors that remain are, of course, my responsibility.
description: Submitted - sswp356.pdf
Manifold nº 26 (États malais) (p. 46)
Creators: name: Péraire, Lucien
name: CNRS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2023

description: Java : géographie, démographie ; aménagements
Some Implicit Presuppositions of Typical Writings in the Field of American Intellectual History
Creators: name: Jones, William Thomas
name: Faust, William L.
name: Faust, Margaret S.
name: Mason Jones, Molly
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: This paper reports a study made of some of the implicit presuppositions contained in the following materials: The Federalist, papers 10 and 51 by Madison, selections from de Tocqueville's Democracy in America; Emerson's "The American Scholar"; Melville's "Bartleby the Scrivener"; "Washington as Commander in Chief" in Bancroft's History of the United States; and "A Small Group of Men Hold in their hands the Business of this Country," a Senate speech by Robert M. LaFollette, Fifteen students at the Claremont Graduate School, who had taken a course in which these materials were studied, rated them on seven scales, or "dimensions, " each of which represents one of a contrasting pair of implicit presuppositions which we have identified and defined. At 19 of the 42 choice points at which decisions had to be made (six selections on seven dimensions) the ratings proved to be significant at p < .05 level. These results thus expand the "scope" of our set of implicit presuppositions to include new materials not previously investigated. In short, it has been shown that readers who are guided by our definitions are able to agree on some of the implicit assumptions contained in a representative sample of writings in the field of American intellectual history.
description: Submitted - sswp355.pdf
Sphiggurus insidiosus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus insidiosus

description: Sphiggurus insidiosus (Olfers 1818)
[Coendou] insidiosus Olfers 1818, Neue Bibl. Reisenb.: 211.
Type Locality: Brazil, Bahía, Salvador.
Vernacular Names: Bahia Porcupine.
Synonyms: Sphiggurus pallidus (Waterhouse 1848).
Distribution: Atlantic coastal region SE Brazil.
Conservation: Unknown. IUCN – Lower Risk (lc) as S. insidiosus, Extinct as S. pallidus.
Discussion: Reviewed by Voss and Angermann (1997), who included pallidus. Husson (1978) placed in Sphiggurus and included melanurus but see Voss and Angermann (1997). Karyotype has 2n=62 and FN=76 (Lima, 1994).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Erethizontidae, pp. 1545-1550 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1548, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Sphiggurus melanurus Wagner 1842
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus melanurus

description: Sphiggurus melanurus Wagner 1842
Sphiggurus melanurus Wagner 1842, Arch. Naturgesch., I: 360.
Type Locality: Brazil, Rio Negro, Barra.
Vernacular Names: Black-tailed Hairy Dwarf Porcupine.
Distribution: North of the Amazon in the Amazon Basin of Brazil, the Guianas, Colombia, and probably Venezuela.
Discussion: Considered conspecific with insidiosus by Cabrera (1961) and Husson (1978), but see Voss and Angermann (1997). Considered a distinct species by Emmons and Feer (1997), Handley and Pine (1992), and Voss and Angermann (1997); a position supported by molecular and karyotypic data (Bonvicino et al., 2002 a). Karyotype has 2n=72 and FN=76 (Bonvicino et al., 2002 a).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Erethizontidae, pp. 1545-1550 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1549, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Some Implicit Presuppositions Involved in the Disagreement over the DNA Guidelines
Creators: name: Jones, William Thomas
name: Faust, William L.
name: Faust, Margaret S.
name: Mason Jones, Molly
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: This paper is one of a series reporting studies we have made of differences in implicit presuppositions and of how such differences affect the ways people reason. In the study reported here 26 students (14 at Caltech; 12 at Claremont) read and rated four letters which had appeared in the correspondence columns of Science. Two of the letters defended the guidelines governing DNA research; two criticized them. The students rated the letters on six scales, or "dimensions," each of which represents a contrasting pair of implicit presuppositions, which we have identified and defined. For two of the six dimensions all four of the letters were rated in the predicted direction, and all are statistically significant. On a third dimension all four of the letters were rated in the predicted direction, but only three of the four are statistically significant. For the other three dimensions there was no consistent pattern, though some of the results on some of the dimensions were in the predicted direction and are statistically significant. Thus this study shows that in certain important respects the presuppositions of the proponents and the presupposition of the opponents of the guidelines are not only different but diametrically opposed.
description: We are grateful to Margaret Mathies of the Joint Sciences Faculty at Claremont for making available to us the extensive file she has collected on the DNA controversy; we, however, are responsible for selecting the particular items used in this study and for the interpretation of them.
description: Submitted - sswp354.pdf
Orthoprotella Mayeri 1903
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Lowry, James K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Caprellidae
Orthoprotella

description: Genus Orthoprotella Mayerı 1903
Diagnosis
Head fused (suture present) with pereonite 1. Antenna 1 well developed; flagellum with more than 2 articles. Antenna 2 well developed; flagellum with 2 articles. Mandible well developed; molar presentı well developed; palp 3-articulateı setal formula 1 – x – 1 or 1 – x – y – 1. Maxilliped well developed; inner plate (basal endite) smaller than outer plate (ischial endite); outer plate (ischial endite) well developed; palp article 3 with distal projection; palp article 4 well developed. Pereonite 4 clavate appendage absent. Pereonites 6 and 7 dorsal suture oblique or separated. Pereopod 3 vestigialı with 1 – 2 articles. Pereopod 4 vestigialı with 1 – 2 articles. Pereopod 5 well developedı with 7 articlesı with sparseı short setaeı with welldeveloped dactylus. Pereopods 6 and 7 well developedı with 7 articles. Gills on pereonites 3 and 4. Pleopods absent. Uropods 2 pairs. Uropod 1 uniramous. Uropod 2 vestigial (unclear). Telson (dorsal lobe) present.
Type species
Protella australis Haswellı 1879 ı original desgnation.
Included species
Orthoprotella includes 7 species: O. australis (Haswellı 1879); O. bicornis Lim et al. ı 2015; O. hamata Arimotoı 1981; O. mayeri K.H. Barnard 1916; O. melloi Quiteteı 1975; O. nana Guerra-Garcíaı 2004; O. spinigera Moriı 1996.
Remarks
The diagnosis of the present genus was modified based on the description in the present study including type material of O. australis (Haswellı 1879) ı type species of the genusı provided by Takeuchi (1993).
Orthoprotella is the most similar genus to Protella Danaı 1852 but differs by the presence of distal projection in the third article of the mandibular palp and the lack of knob-like appendage on uropod 1 (Table 1). The former characteristic was introduced as one of the generic diagnoses for the Caprellidae in the description of Metaprotella spp. (see Takeuchi and Lowry 2007a; Lim and Takeuchi 2012)ı and the latter was found in the redescription based on the old type specimens of Protella gracilis Danaı 1853 ı the type species of the genus Protella by Takeuchi et al. (2014). These characteristics are confirmed in the other species of Orthoprotella: O. bicornis Lim et al. ı 2015 (see Lim et al. 2015)ı O. mayeri K.H. Barnard 1916 (see Takeuchi and Lowry 2007b)ı O. nana Guerra-Garcíaı 2004 (see Guerra-García 2004)ı O. spinigera Moriı 1996 (see Mori 1996; Takeuchi and Inoue 2014). Since these characteristics in O. melloi Quiteteı 1975 and O. hamata Arimotoı 1981 are unclearı these two species are retained in Orthoprotella.
description: Published as part of Takeuchi, Ichiro & Lowry, James K., 2019, A taxonomic study on Orthoprotella and related genera (Crustacea: Amphipoda: Caprellidae) of New South Walesı Australia, pp. 1023-1059 in Journal of Natural History 53 (17) on pages 1050-1051, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2019.1589590, http://zenodo.org/record/3673283
Strategic Search Theory
Creators: name: Reinganum, Jennifer F.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981
Subjects: Production costs, Nash equilibrium, Capital costs, Game theory, Random variables, Economic theory, Monopoly, Profitability theory, Job hunting, Duopolies

description: This paper combines the "theory of search"—the application of optimal stopping rules to decision-making under uncertainty—with concepts from the theory of games in order to analyze new product development. A development trial is envisioned as a random drawing of a production cost level, and a strategy is a rule describing conditions under which no further development is desired—a stopping rule. Nash equilibrium in stopping rules is shown to exist and possess the reservation property. The possibility of multiple equilibria implies that the usual comparative statics results need not hold in equilibrium—e.g., an increase in firm i's development costs may result in an increase in the firm's development activity.
description: Revised. Original dated to October 1980.

I would like to thank John Cross, John Roberts and the members of the Caltech Theory Workshop for helpful comments and discussion.

Published as Reinganum, Jennifer F. "Strategic search theory." International Economic Review (1982): 1-17.
description: Published - sswp353_-_revised.pdf
Spatial heterogeneity evolution and driving mechanism analysis of land use change in major river basins: a case study of urban agglomerations in the Yellow River Basin
Creators: name: Wang, Hua
name: Xu, Haolin
name: Hong, Xuefei
name: Wang, Cunjin
name: Niu, Jiqiang
name: Zhang, Chaoqin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Exploring the dynamics of land resource distribution within major river basins is pivotal for informing ecological conservation efforts and fostering sustainable development. The Yellow River Basin is a crucial region for human activities and economic development in China. This study meticulously examines the evolution of land use patterns across the seven principal urban agglomerations within the Yellow River Basin from 1990 to 2020. Employing the Multiscale Geographically Weighted Regression (MGWR) model, the research rigorously scrutinizes the multi-scale spatial heterogeneity of cultivated land dynamics within urban agglomerations during the years 2010 and 2020. The results show pronounced disparities in land utilization among urban agglomerations, with upstream areas predominantly characterized by grass and downstream regions dominated by cultivated land. Noteworthy is the significant expansion of construction land, particularly manifesting dynamic shifts over time. Furthermore, the driving mechanisms exhibit discernible scale variations, with evident spatial heterogeneity in their impact on cultivated land changes.
Dynamic flood risk prediction in Houston: a multi-model machine learning approach
Creators: name: Mishra, Shuchi
name: Bajpai, Aproorv
name: Mohanta, Agradeep
name: Banerjee, Biplab
name: Rajput, Shrishti
name: Kundu, Sudipta
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: In assessing flood susceptibility in Houston, key geographical parameters such as drainage density, slope, distance from rivers and roads, LULC, and rainfall data were analyzed using machine learning models, including Decision Trees, Random Forest, Gradient Boosting, SVM, and ANN. Performance evaluation using ROC curves and AUC revealed ANN as the most effective model, achieving an AUC of 85.00%, outperforming Decision Trees (78.96%), Random Forest (80.29%), Gradient Boosting (82.16%), and SVM (81.84%). Statistical validation with the Kruskal-Wallis test confirmed significant differences among models (H = 11.35, p = 0.023), with ANN excelling in pairwise comparisons. This study highlights ANN's robustness in flood prediction, providing a crucial tool for urban planning and fostering resilient, sustainable development.
Demand-Revealing Mechanisms for Private Good Auctions
Creators: name: Forsythe, Robert
name: Isaac, R. Mark
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: The set of demand revealing mechanisms for allocating private goods is characterized and examples are given. Auctions in which multiple units of either homogenous or nonhomogeneous commodities are studied and, in particular, it is demonstrated that there will generally not exist a demand revealing mechanism with which each bidder will pay the same price for each unit purchased. The experimental literature on these bidding mechanisms is discussed and several additional inquiries are suggested.
description: Published as Forsythe, Robert and Isaac, R. Mark. "Demand-Revealing Mechanisms for Private Good Auctions." in Research in Experimental Economics vol. 2, edited by Vernon Smith. Greenwich, CT: JAI Press, 1982.
description: Published - sswp351.pdf
title: Disput entre Simon ar Gontel Gam ha Pol ar Pri
title: Disput entre Simon ar Gontel Gam ha Pol ar Pri
Creators: name: :Unkn
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Source: Fonds Auguste Dupouy (1872-1967)
description: Provenance: Fonds privé de Jean-Pierre Dupouy
description: DUP0001.83.pdf
description: IIIF manifest
description: DUP0001.83_001.tif
description: DUP0001.83_002.tif
description: DUP0001.83_003.tif
description: DUP0001.83_004.tif
description: DUP0001.83_005.tif
description: DUP0001.83_006.tif
description: DUP0001.83_007.tif
description: DUP0001.83_008.tif
description: DUP0001.83_009.tif
description: DUP0001.83_010.tif
description: DUP0001.83_011.tif
description: DUP0001.83_012.tif
Erethizon dorsata subsp. dorsata Linnaeus 1758
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Erethizon
Erethizon dorsata
Erethizon dorsata subsp. dorsata linnaeus 1758

description: Erethizon dorsata subsp. dorsata Linnaeus 1758
Erethizon dorsata subsp. dorsata Linnaeus 1758, Syst. Nat., 10th ed., Vol. 1: 57.
Type Locality: E Canada (= Quebec Prov.).
Synonyms: Erethizon dorsata subsp. doani Bailey 1937.
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Erethizontidae, pp. 1545-1550 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1548, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
The Allocation of Landing Rights by Unanimity among Competitors
Creators: name: Grether, David M.
name: Isaac, R. Mark
name: Plott, Charles R.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: During the late 1960s congestion of ten leading to long delays was common at major U.S. airports. To handle this problem the FAA set quotas on the number of flights per hour, and the CAB established committees of airline representatives to allocate the scarce landing rights among competing carriers. Currently the committee process has become a focal point of controversy: industry spokesmen have advocated that the system be expanded nationwide to handle developing congestion problems while others have attacked the committee process as being possibly anti-competitive and thus inconsistent with the goals of airline deregulation. This paper contains a description of the committee process, a theoretical model of the process, an analysis of the economic efficiency of the process, and a suggested alternative mechanism.
description: Financial support from The National Science Foundation and The Caltech Program of Enterprise and Public Policy is gratefully acknowledged.

Published as Grether, David M., R. Mark Isaac, and Charles R. Plott. "The allocation of landing rights by unanimity among competitors." The American Economic Review 71.2 (1981): 166-171.
description: Submitted - sswp350.pdf
Sphiggurus mexicanus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Reeder, DeeAnn
Publisher: name: The Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Erethizontidae
Sphiggurus
Sphiggurus mexicanus

description: Sphiggurus mexicanus (Kerr 1792)
[Coendou] mexicanus Kerr 1792, in: Linnaeus, Anim. Kingdom, Vol. 1: 214.
Type Locality: Mexico, in the mountains.
Vernacular Names: Mexican Hairy Dwarf Porcupine.
Subspecies::
Subspecies Sphiggurus mexicanus subsp. mexicanus Kerr 1792
Subspecies Sphiggurus mexicanus subsp. laenatus Thomas 1903
Subspecies Sphiggurus mexicanus subsp. yucataniae Thomas 1902
Distribution: San Luis Potosi and Yucatan (Mexico) to W Panama, to 3,000 m (Emmons and Feer, 1997).
Conservation: CITES – Appendix III (Honduras); IUCN – Lower Risk (lc).
Discussion: Emmons and Feer (1997:222) indicated that the small forms from Chiriquí, Panama had been recognized as a distinct species (laenatus).
description: Published as part of Wilson, Don E. & Reeder, DeeAnn, 2005, Order Rodentia - Family Erethizontidae, pp. 1545-1550 in Mammal Species of the World: a Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3 rd Edition), Volume 2, Baltimore :The Johns Hopkins University Press on page 1549, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7316535
Acarnidae Dendy 1922
Creators: name: Ozga, Aline Vasum
name: Santos, George Garcia
name: Menegola, Carla
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Poecilosclerida
Acarnidae

description: Family Acarnidae Dendy, 1922
Definition: Poecilosclerida with apically spined tylotes forming a tangential ectosomal skeleton (emended from Hooper, 2002; according Morrow & Cardenas, 2015).
Diagnosis: Encrusting, massive, flabellate or digitate growth forms, sometimes burrowing, many genera producing fistules. Ectosomal skeleton composed of tylotes, strongyles or modified tylote spicules bearing microspined bases forming tangential and/or paratangential tracts, often irregular or halichondroid in arrangement. Choanosomal megascleres are styles or modified styles (anisoxeas) forming reticulate structures in massive forms (isodictyal, isotropic, anisotropic or more irregular skeletons) or plumose or hymedesmioid skeletons in encrusting growth forms. Echinating spicules present or absent, consisting of acanthostyles, unique cladotylotes and tylostyles. Microscleres include palmate isochelae and toxas of various morphologies (both sometimes lost), with some genera also having other microscleres such as bipocillae, modified anisochelae, microrhabd-like spicules (modified microxeas or microstrongyles) and diamond-shaped microxeas that are considered modified toxas (emended from Hooper, 2002; our additions are in bold).
description: Published as part of Ozga, Aline Vasum, Santos, George Garcia & Menegola, Carla, 2024, Taxonomic and geographic novelties of Acarnus (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Brazilian coast, with description of two new species, pp. 401-422 in Zootaxa 5523 (4) on page 403, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5523.4.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13949596
The Effects of Personal Economic Problems upon Voting in American National Elections
Creators: name: Kiewiet, D. Roderick
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1981

description: Several previous studies have concluded that individuals' personal economic conditions exert only weak, intermittent effects upon their voting decisions. These studies, however, have all used the same measure to test the same basic hypothesis—that economic adversity of any kind leads to voting against the incumbent President and candidates of his party. This study uses answers to a battery of open-ended questions included in the 1972-1976 CPS National Election Studies to develop new and more detailed indicators of personally experienced economic problems. These data are then used to test an alternative, policy-oriented hypothesis that personal difficulties resulting from inflation lead voters to give greater support to the Republicans, while voters personally injured by unemployment give greater support to the Democrats. In analyzing these new measures this study repeatedly found important differences between inflation and unemployment. First, unemployment inflicts substantial objective economic costs while the major costs of inflation, at least in the short run, are the more intangible psychological costs of coping with more uncertainty. Secondly, the costs of unemployment are heavily concentrated among certain sectors of the labor force, while the costs of inflation are borne roughly equally by all major groups in society. Thirdly, inflation and unemployment differ markedly in their political ramifications. Only a small percentage of individuals cited unemployment, but they tended to perceive the Democrats to be better at dealing with unemployment, and gave relatively greater support to Democratic candidates. In contrast, during the period studied a large percentage of the citizenry cited inflation as their most serious economic problem. But these voters did not give a significant edge to either party as better able to handle inflation, nor did their concern over inflation systematically affect their choices in presidential and congressional elections.
description: An earlier version of this paper was delivered at the Annual Meeting of the Conference Group on the Political Economy of Advanced Industrial Societies, August 28-30, 1980, Washington, D.C.
description: Submitted - sswp348.pdf
Blessed Be the Tie that Unbinds: Constituency Pressures and National Party Forces in Great Britain
Creators: name: Cain, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: This study looks at the relationship between constituency service and party ties at the local and national levels. The data come from two surveys: one of the British electorate in May 1979 and the other of Members and their agents in those constituencies sampled in the voter study. Pressures at the local party level, it is argued, reinforce the electoral incentive for Members to perform constituency services diligently. Members widely believe that constituency work improves relations with activists and bolsters local party morale. For their part, core constituents—activists and strong party identifiers—value constituency work very highly and are more likely than other groups in the electorate to make use of the Member's services.
The effect of constituency effort at the local level is to weaken party ties at the national level. Ivor Crewe noted that Labour fought very well in its marginal seats in 1979, and this study argues that this was because Labour MPs in marginal seats worked hard to establish a local identity. MPs in marginal seats tend to have more favourable voter ratings than do those in safer seats. Moreover, MPs who were active in their constituencies had better swings in 1979 than MPs who were inactive. For Labour Members, constituency work "cushioned" the swing, and for Conservative Members, it "amplified" the swing. The paper concludes with some speculation about why non-policy pressures might increase at the local level.
description: Submitted - sswp347.pdf
Committee Decisions under Alternative Procedural Rules: An Experimental Study Applying a New Nonmonetary Method of Preference Inducement
Creators: name: Kormendi, Roger C.
name: Plott, Charles R.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1980

description: Committees operating with simple majority rule procedures and with closed rule procedures are studied. A new method (the duplicate method) was used to induce preferences. The results of the control experiments compare favorably to those for which monetary incentives have been used. In all cases the core is a relatively accurate model of committee choices.
description: The financial support of the National Science Foundation and the Caltech Program for Enterprise and Public Policy is gratefully acknowledged.

Published as Kormendi, Roger C., and Charles R. Plott. "Committee decisions under alternative procedural rules: An experimental study applying a new non-monetary method of preference inducement." Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization 3.2-3 (1982): 175-195.
description: Submitted - sswp346.pdf
title: Lettre n°530 de Paul d'Estournelles de Constant à Nicholas Murray Butler (11 mai 1919)
title: Letter number 530 from Paul d'Estournelles de Constant to Nicholas Murray Butler (May 11, 1919)
Creators: name: d'Estournelles de Constant, Paul
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pacifisme
Guerre mondiale (1914-1918)

description: Source: Archives de la Sarthe – France