cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Big Thumb on the Scale: An Overview of The Proxy Advisory Industry
Creators: name: Copland, James R.
name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2018

description: Proxy advisory firms have significant influence over the voting decisions of institutional investors and the governance choices of publicly traded companies. However, it is not clear that the recommendations of these firms are correct and generally lead to better outcomes for companies and their shareholders. This Closer Look provides a comprehensive review of the proxy advisory industry and the influence of these firms on voting behavior, corporate choices, and outcomes, and it outlines potential reforms for the industry. We ask: How accurate are the voting recommendations of proxy advisory firms? How influential are they over voting practices and corporate choices? Should steps be taken to reduce their influence or improve the reliability of their recommendations? Would greater transparency, back-testing, and regulation improve the market for their services?
Individual and situational predictors of snacking in overweight and obese adults
Creators: name: Elliston, KG
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The aim of this research was to examine the role of cues in guiding snacking intake in overweight and obese adults. Previous research suggests that internal cues (like negative affect) in conjunction with social (seeing others eating) and external cues (having food available and being in areas of high food outlet density) can predict snacking, but these have rarely been examined in conjunction and never in an overweight/obese sample. Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) was used to collect data from 51 individuals classed as overweight or obese. For 14 days, participants recorded their food and drink intake and responded to questions assessing their mood, and contextual and situational factors. Results support the role of stimulus-control in snacking, with both internal and external influences. Availability of food and social factors were among the strongest predictors of snacking, as was the experience of negative affect, which supports the notion of comfort eating. BMI however, was not found to moderate these effects, nor was it related to snacking frequency, indicating that BMI in itself is not directly related to stimulus-control eating, rather it is an outcome of, rather than a predictor for, the influence of cues on dietary intake.
Proceedings Second International Workshop on Computational Models for Cell Processes
Creators: name: Back, Ralph-Johan
name: Petre, Ion
name: de Vink, Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The second international workshop on Computational Models for Cell Processes (ComProc 2009) took place on November 3, 2009 at the Eindhoven University of Technology, in conjunction with Formal Methods 2009. The workshop was jointly organized with the EC-MOAN project. This volume contains the final versions of all contributions accepted for presentation at the workshop.
Flow velocity measurements using shock waves - the swing probe
Creators: name: Strachan, James Douglas
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The theory of shock propagation into inhomogeneous media has been extended to include continuous variations in the initial pressure, particle velocity, and energy sources appearing at the front. The one dimensional equations have been developed to allow a shock to be used as probe„ Shock waves which collide with unknown gas or plasma flow fields suffer a change in velocity. Pressure, density, particle velocity, and local energy input at the edge of an unknown flow can be determined from the measurement of the relevant fronts upon collision of the probing shock with the edge of the unknown flow. The steady variation of the velocity of strong probing shocks reveals details of the local flow velocity and density distributions inside the unknown flow field. The flow velocity of a T-tube plasma has been measured with typical accuracies of .1 Km/sec which Is about 10% of the velocity of the probing shock. The interpretation of the results invites a comparison of the T-tube flow with a breakdown wave in the high velocity regime and with a radiation driven shock in the low velocity regime
The future oecumenical Council :a letter. by the Bishop of Orleans to the clergy of his diocese ; [translated by H.S. Butterfield]
Creators: name: Catholic Church. Diocese Of Orleans (France). Bishop (1849-1878 : Dupanloup).
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description:
 Translation of: Lettre sur le futur concile oecuménique.
 Authorized translation, with papel brief.
 One of Notre Dame's copies is bound with other titles.
Does importance carry weight? How thinking about the future influences human movement
Creators: name: Tilley, LA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: The present study aimed to determine if thinking about important future events is capable of influencing human movement through the sensation of physical weight. It also considered how this affect interacts with the bilateral deficit. Thirty-four individuals, 13 female, 21 male, with a mean age of 24.6 years, participated in this research. They completed a questionnaire which asked them think about either an important or trivial upcoming, future event. Once completed, measures of manual dexterity, force and reaction time were obtained by Purdue pegboard and pinch grip tasks. In contrast to previous research which has found thinking about current issues or past events creates the physical sensation of weight on the body, there was no evidence to suggest that thinking about important future events influences human movement or the bilateral deficit.
Attentional bias to threat following acute stress induction : an ERP study
Creators: name: Reading, LF
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This study employed trauma-exposed and non-trauma-exposed individuals to explore group differences in physiological arousal, ERP components, and attentional bias to threat: a bias towards threatening stimuli often seen in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Attentional bias was assessed using reaction time measures in a dot-probe task and the amplitudes of ERP components P1, N1, and P3; while arousal was assessed using salivary alpha-amylase (sAA), a biomarker of noradrenergic reactivity. Eighteen trauma-exposed (non-PTSD) and 19 non-trauma-exposed individuals undertook the dot-probe task, with saliva tested before and after a cold pressor stress (CPS) task that was used to induce acute stress. The CPS task was successful in inducing acute stress and significantly increasing sAA in both groups, although no significant difference was found between the groups on physiological arousal. Unexpectedly, no significant attentional bias effect was found in the reaction time data for either group, in contrast to empirical literature. The major finding was that trauma-exposed individuals displayed increased amplitude of the P3 ERP component to threatening images following the CPS task, an effect not found in the non-trauma-exposed group. This finding suggests that trauma-exposed individuals show an attentional bias to threatening stimuli even in the absence of PTSD.
The Arcturus Moving Group: Its Place in the Galaxy
Creators: name: Williams, Mary E. K.
name: Freeman, Ken C.
name: Helmi, Amina
name: collaboration, the RAVE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Arcturus moving group is a well-populated example of phase space substructure within the thick disk of our Galaxy. Traditionally regarded as the remains of a dissolved open cluster, it has recently been suggested to be a remnant of a satellite accreted by our Galaxy. To investigate the origin of the group we undertook a high-resolution spectroscopic abundance study of Arcturus group members and candidates. Examining abundance of Fe, Mg, Ca, Ti, Cr, Ni, Zn, Ce, Nd, Sm and Gd for 134 stars we found that the group is chemically similar to disk stars and does not exhibit a clear chemical homogeneity. Furthermore, we confirm the existence of the Arcturus group using the Nordstroem et al. (2004), Schuster et al. (2006) and RAdial Velocity Experiment (RAVE) surveys (Steinmetz et al. 2006). The origin of the group still remains unresolved: the chemical results are consistent with a dynamical origin but do not entirely rule out a merger one. Certainly, the Arcturus group provides a challenge to our understanding of the nature and origin of the Galaxy's thick disk.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of the IAU Symposium 254: The Galaxy Disk in Cosmological Context
Measurement of B_s Oscillations and CP Violation Results from D0
Creators: name: Ellison, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the $B_s^0 - \bar B_s^0$ oscillation frequency, $Δm_s$, using a combination of semi-leptonic and hadronic $B_s$ decay candidates selected from data collected by the D0 Experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron. We also present several results on CP violation, including an improved measurement of the $B_s$ CP-violating phase from a flavor-tagged analysis of $B_s^0 \to J/ψ+ ϕ$ decays.
description: 6 pages, proceedings paper, International Conference on Particles and Nuclei, Eilat, Israel, 2008
Additional file 2: of Complete genome of Rhizobium leguminosarum Norway, an ineffective Lotus micro-symbiont
Creators: name: Liang, Juan
name: Hoffrichter, Anne
name: Brachmann, Andreas
name: MarĂ­n, Macarena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Table S1. Nodulation phenotypes of Rl Norway on selected hosts. (DOCX 68 kb)
Unraveling the Jahn-Teller effect in Mn doped GaN using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid functional
Creators: name: Stroppa, A.
name: Kresse, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an ab-initio study of the Mn substitution for Ga in GaN using the Heyd-Scuseria-Ernzerhof hybrid functional (HSE). Contrary to semi-local functionals, the majority Mn t$_{2}$ manifold splits into an occupied doublet and an unoccupied singlet well above the Fermi-level resulting in an insulating groundstate, which is further stabilized by a sizeable Jahn-Teller distortion. The predictions are confirmed using $GW$ calculations and are in agreement with experiment. A transition from a localized to a delocalized Mn hole state is predicted from GaN to GaAs.
description: 5 pages; 3 figures; to be published in Physical Review B: Rapid Communications
title: Searching for Zarathustra: A Nietzschean Critique of Post-Traditional Ethical Theory
Creators: name: Knutsen, Joshua
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Following Friedrich Nietzsche's critique of ethics, twentieth century philosophical investigations into ethics have attempted to abandon the universalist principles which guided the endeavors of Christianity, Kant and Bentham. The purpose of this work was to examine exactly how successful that endeavor has been. In order to represent the field of ethics as a whole given the limited space of the work I chose three distinct ethics, which in their formulations are representative of the current ethical clime. Jean-Paul Sartre's existentialism serves as a model for radical individualism and solipsism. Alasdair MacIntyre' s virtue based ethic demonstrates communitarian trends. And the Care Ethic of Nel Noddings and Carol Gilligan stands in place of those ethics which purport to rebel against reason in favor of emotion. In order to compare these ethics with the ethics of Christianity, Kant and Bentham, this work begins with an exposition on Nietzsche's critique of the latter and in the following pages, this same critique is applied to the former. Nietzsche is therefore not heralded or supported, but used as a lens in order that the distinctions between Traditional and Post-Traditional ethics can be clarified. Through this process I discovered that the main difference between Traditional and Post-Traditional is what becomes a universal standard. Traditionally it is the action itself, in the Post-Traditional world, it is how the decision is determined. Ultimately, however, very little difference separates the two epochs in ethical theory.
Markovian MC simulation of QCD evolution at NLO level with minimum k_T
Creators: name: Stoklosa, P.
name: Placzek, W.
name: Skrzypek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two Monte Carlo algorithms of the Markovian type which solve the modified QCD evolution equations at the NLO level. The modifications with respect to the standard DGLAP evolution concern the argument of the strong coupling constant alpha_S. We analyze the z - dependent argument and then the k_T - dependent one. The evolution time variable is identified with the rapidity. The two algorithms are tested to the 0.05% precision level. We find that the NLO corrections in the evolution of parton momentum distributions with k_T - dependent coupling constant are of the order of 10 to 20%, and in a small x region even up to 30%, with respect to the LO contributions.
description: 32 pages, 9 pdf figures
title: Cashing It In: Private-Company Exchanges and Employee Stock Sales Prior to IPO
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
name: Watts, Edward M.
Publisher: name: Corporate Governance Research Initiative
Year: 2018

description:     Companies in the United States are staying private longer, and this trend has important implications for companies and their employees. Employees holding equity awards in private companies are restricted from monetizing an illiquid asset that they might need to support their living expenses. They are also exposed to a concentrated investment portfolio with no readily accessible public market mechanism through which to diversify. To satisfy these needs, a number of private-company marketplace have evolved to facilitate transactions between sellers and qualified buyers. This Closer Look examines the practice of allowing employees to sell vested equity awards and the pricing employees receive in such transactions. We rely on two unique data sets: a survey of private (pre-IPO) companies and transaction data from SharesPost, a leading private-company marketplace. We ask: Should private companies allow their employees to sell equity prior to IPO? If so, what restrictions should companies put in place to ensure that employee sales transactions do not significantly alter the incentive structure of variable compensation? Who within the company should determine the timing, scope, and terms of a sales program? Should the SEC take steps to boost the size and liquidity of secondary private-company exchanges to reduce the discount that employees receive for selling their shares? Would an expansion of secondary private-company discourage more companies from going private by providing an attractive, alternative means of providing liquidity to employees and inside investors?
Examining the role of motivation and cognitive change in predicting long-term exercise adherence in community populations
Creators: name: Giacon, LD
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Despite the many benefits of exercising for both physiological and psychological health, almost half of the Australian population is insufficiently active. Using the self-determination theory, the transtheoretical model, self-efficacy and outcome expectancy theory as the literary framework, this study examined the predictors of long-term free-choice exercise adherence in a community sample. An online questionnaire battery was distributed to new gym members from the general community (N = 59) to measure their type of motivation, cognitive stage of change, level of self-efficacy for exercise and perceived outcome expectancy toward exercise, three times over a 12 week period. Results revealed that only stage of change was a successful predictor of exercise adherence. Further, transition between stages over the three collection times related to the trajectory of participant adherence over the 12 weeks. Findings in this study integrate recent work of community populations into the growing body of research focusing on the determinants of exercise. It is proposed that unexplained constructs exist in community populations that do not exist for specialised research populations and current theory may be insufficient in accounting for behavioural patterns outside those specialised populations.
Measurement of the ttbar production cross section and top quark mass extraction using dilepton events in ppbar collisions
Creators: name: The D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in ppbar collisions at \sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV using approximately 1 fb^{-1} of data collected with the D0 detector. We consider decay channels containing two high pt charged leptons where one lepton is identified as an electron or a muon while the other lepton can be an electron, a muon or a hadronically decaying tau lepton. For a mass of the top quark of 170 GeV, the measured cross section is 7.5 +1.0-1.0 (stat) +0.7-0.6 (syst) +0.6-0.5 (lumi) pb. Using lepton+tau events only, we measure: σ_ttbar \times B(ttbar to ltau bbbar) = 0.13 +0.09-0.08 (stat) +0.06-0.06 (syst) +0.02-0.02 (lumi) pb. Comparing the measured cross section as a function of the mass of the top quark with a partial next-to-next-to leading order Quantum Chromodynamics theoretical prediction, we extract a mass of the top quark of 171.5 +9.9-8.8 GeV, in agreement with direct measurements.
description: published in Phys. Lett. B, 10 pages, 7 figures
MPEC 2024-S115 : 2024 SS2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 SS2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Evolution of the Early-Type Galaxy Fraction in Clusters since z = 0.8
Creators: name: Simard, Luc
name: Clowe, Douglas
name: Desai, Vandana
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: von der Linden, Anja
name: Poggianti, Bianca M.
name: White, Simon D. M.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Halliday, Claire
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Milvang-Jensen, Bo
name: Saglia, Roberto P.
name: Pello, Roser
name: Rudnick, Gregory H.
name: Zaritsky, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the morphological content of a large sample of high-redshift clusters to determine its dependence on cluster mass and redshift. Quantitative morphologies are based on bulge+disk decompositions of cluster and field galaxies on deep VLT/FORS2 images of 18 optically-selected clusters at 0.45 < z < 0.80 from the ESO Distant Cluster Survey (EDisCS). Morphological content is given by the early-type galaxy fraction f_et, and early-type galaxies are selected based on their bulge fraction and image smoothness. A set of 158 SDSS clusters is analyzed exactly as the EDisCS sample to provide a robust local comparison. Our main results are: (1) f_et values for the SDSS and EDisCS clusters exhibit no clear trend as a function of sigma. (2) Mid-z EDisCS clusters around sigma = 500 km/s have f_et ~= 0.5 whereas high-z EDisCS clusters have f_et ~= 0.4 (~25% increase over 2 Gyrs). (3) There is a marked difference in the morphological content of EDisCS and SDSS clusters. None of the EDisCS clusters have f_et greater than 0.6 whereas half of the SDSS clusters lie above this value. This difference is seen in clusters of all velocity dispersions. (4) There is a strong correlation between morphology and star formation in SDSS and EDisCS clusters. This correlation holds independent of sigma and z even though the fraction of [OII] emitters decreases from z~0.8 to z~0.06 in all environments. Our results pose an interesting challenge to structural transformation and star formation quenching processes that strongly depend on the global cluster environment and suggest that cluster membership may be of lesser importance than other variables in determining galaxy properties. (ABRIDGED)
description: 22 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Angular correlation measurements on the reaction ⁷Li(d, n∝)⁴He
Creators: name: Heggie, John Cowan Philp
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An experimental investigation of the sequential process ⁷Li(d, n∝)⁵He → ∝+ n was carried out at an energy of ~1.0 MeV. Neutron-alpha particle coincidences were measured with the neutron energy "being obtained from time of flight measurements. The results are presented in the form of neutron-alpha particle angular correlations. The lifetime of ⁵He lends support to the argument that the two stages of the reaction, the formation of ⁵He and its subsequent decay can be treated separately. Three possible reaction mechanisms have been considered for the first stage. It is expected that direct processes such as two and three particle transfer contribute very little to the yield at such a low bombarding energy. Certainly, calculations of the two-particle transfer amplitude using the formulism of DWBA are unable to fit the results. The most important reaction mechanism is shown to be compound nucleus formation through ⁹Be. In particular, in the neighbourhood of 1.0 MeV deuteron bombarding energy, the reaction proceeds largely by compound nucleus formation through the 17.28 MeV and 17.48 MeV levels of ⁹Be. The results suggest a spin and parity assignment of 5/2⁺ for the 17.48 MeV level and agree with a previous assignment of 5/2⁻ for the 17.28 MeV level.
Dark polariton-solitons in semiconductor microcavities
Creators: name: Yulin, A. V.
name: Egorov, O. A.
name: Lederer, F.
name: Skryabin, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the existence, symmetry breaking and other instabilities of dark polariton-solitons in semiconductor microcavities operating in the strong coupling regime. These half-light half-matter solitons are potential candidates for applications in all-optical signal processing. Their excitation time and required pump powers are a few orders of magnitude less than those of their weakly coupled light-only counterparts.
description: submitted to PRA
Additional file 1 of Dynamic light caused less photosynthetic suppression, rather than more, under nitrogen deficit conditions than under sufficient nitrogen supply conditions in soybean
Creators: name: Li, Yu-Ting
name: Li, Ying
name: Li, Yue-Nan
name: Liang, Ying
name: Sun, Qiang
name: Li, Geng
name: Liu, Peng
name: Zhang, Zi-Shan
name: Gao, Hui-Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. The stomatal conductance (Gs), transpiration rate (E) and the substomatal CO2 concentration (Ci) under changing light conditions.
An Adaptive Optics Survey for Close Protostellar Binaries
Creators: name: Connelley, Michael
name: Reipurth, Bo
name: Tokunaga, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to test the hypothesis that Class I protostellar binary stars are a product of ejections during the dynamical decay of non-hierarchical multiple systems, we combined the results of new adaptive optics (AO) observations of Class I protostars with our previously published AO data to investigate whether Class I protostars with a widely separated companion (r>200 AU) are more likely to also have a close companion (r<200 AU). In total, we observed 47 embedded young stellar objects (YSOs) with either the Subaru natural guide star AO system or the Keck laser guide star AO system. We found that targets with a widely separated companion within 5,000 AU are not more likely to have a close companion. However, targets with another YSO within a projected separation of 25,000 AU are much more likely to have a close companion. Most importantly, every target with a close companion has another YSO within a projected separation of 25,000 AU. We came to the same conclusions after considering a restricted sample of targets within 500 pc and close companions wider than 50 AU to minimize incompleteness effects. The Orion star forming region was found to have an excess of both close binaries and YSOs within 25,000 AU compared to other star forming regions. We interpret these observations as strong evidence that many close Class I binary stars form via ejections and that many of the ejected stars become unbound during the Class I phase.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
A critical examination of the distributive leadership model used to implement criterion-referenced assessment in an Australian university
Creators: name: Cordiner, MC
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Distributive leadership (DL) is a seductive yet contested and elusive concept in the higher education (HE) literature, with debate about what is distributed. DL involves academics in formal and informal roles implementing change. The latter have no positional power and their voices are silent in DL literature, plus there is little empirical evidence about what an effective DL model is. My research fills this gap with a case study focussing mostly on interviews with informal leaders, who were given the poorly-considered label of school champions. My aim was to critically examine DL by analysing empirical evidence from an Australian university which used a DL model to implement change to assessment. The research questions focussed on how this model supported or challenged current theoretical conceptions and what it suggested for the roles of the school champions. Most interviewees considered DL a 'high risk' strategy resulting in inconsistent implementation, despite support from academic developers. This was because there was nobody in charge, induction of the school champions was cursory, and most Heads and Associate Deans were uninvolved. The school champion label was an identity badge connoting mixed messages of high and low status and was renounced by most as disempowering and unsuitable for academe. My research led to developing a conceptual framework of three leadership contexts interacting with four academic powers. This framework can account for and possibly predict informal leaders' successes or failures. It suggests that DL is distribution of influence, requiring leaders to have more than just collegial power to be effective. The framework and identity badge concept may be applicable beyond HE to inform selection and labelling of change agents. However, as attention continues to shift away from teaching and learning towards research and rankings, it is doubtful that a revised model would be implemented.
Additional file 2 of Dynamic light caused less photosynthetic suppression, rather than more, under nitrogen deficit conditions than under sufficient nitrogen supply conditions in soybean
Creators: name: Li, Yu-Ting
name: Li, Ying
name: Li, Yue-Nan
name: Liang, Ying
name: Sun, Qiang
name: Li, Geng
name: Liu, Peng
name: Zhang, Zi-Shan
name: Gao, Hui-Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. The PSII photoinhibition caused by the mensuration of dynamic photosynthetic gas exchange.
Les déterminants d'accès aux crédits dans la zone office du Niger au Mali
Creators: name: TAHIROU, Tangara
name: HAMED, Baba Singaré
name: FOUSSENY, Diallo
name: AMADOU, Dia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Accès aux crédits, agriculture familiale, financement, Office du Niger, Mali.

description: La riziculture dans la zone l'Office du Niger nécessite actuellement beaucoup d'intrants, ce qui explique l'augmentation des coûts de production. Au Mali, où les taux d'épargne rurale sont faibles, l'utilisation des facteurs de production selon le calendrier lunaire pose des problèmes de financement agricole. Cette étude porte sur le financement des exploitations familiales dans la région de l'Office du Niger au Mali. A cet effet, 413 exploitations familiales ont été enquêtées en 2021. Les données ont été analysées à l'aide de statistiques descriptives et de modèles logit. Les résultats du modèle logit binomial ont montré que le niveau d'éducation, la propriété foncière, la taille de la famille, le revenu, l'expérience dans la riziculture et la distance entre les agriculteurs et le siège de l'institution financière étaient des facteurs significatifs et importants pour déterminer l'accès au crédit. Les crédits accordés dans la zone office du Niger concernent des crédits de campagne (petits montants). Les investissements productifs (prêts à moyen et long terme) susceptibles d'augmenter significativement la production agricole ne sont guère satisfaisants.
Probing quiet Sun magnetism using MURaM simulations and Hinode/SP results: support for a local dynamo
Creators: name: Danilovic, S.
name: Schuessler, M.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain information about the magnetic flux present in the quiet Sun by comparing radiative MHD simulations with Hinode/SP observations, with particular emphasis on the role of surface dynamo action. Simulation runs with different magnetic Reynolds numbers (Rm) are used together with observations at different heliocentric angles with different levels of noise. The results show that simulations with an imposed mixed-polarity field and Rm below the threshold for dynamo action reproduce the observed vertical flux density, but do not display a sufficiently high horizontal flux density. Surface dynamo simulations at the highest Rm feasible at the moment yield a ratio of the horizontal and vertical flux density consistent with observational results, but the overall amplitudes are too low. Based on the properties of the local dynamo simulations, a tentative scaling of the magnetic field strength by a factor 2 - 3 reproduces the signal observed in the internetwork regions. We find an agreement with observations at different heliocentric angles. The mean field strength in internetwork, implied by our analysis, is roughly 170 G at the optical depth unity. Our study shows that surface dynamo could be responsible for most of the magnetic flux in the quiet Sun outside the network given that the extrapolation to higher Rm is valid.
description: accepted in A&A
Fundamental length in quantum theories with PT-symmetric Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The direct observability of coordinates x is often lost in PT-symmetric quantum theories. A manifestly non-local Hilbert-space metric $Θ$ enters the double-integral normalization of wave functions $ψ(x)$ there. In the context of scattering, the (necessary) return to the asymptotically fully local metric has been shown feasible, for certain family of PT-symmetric toy Hamiltonians H at least, in paper I (M. Znojil, Phys. Rev. D 78 (2008) 025026). Now we show that in a confined-motion dynamical regime the same toy model proves also suitable for an explicit control of the measure or width $θ$ of its non-locality. For this purpose each H is assigned here, constructively, the complete menu of its hermitizing metrics $Θ=Θ_θ$ distinguished by their optional "fundamental lengths" $θ\in (0,\infty)$. The local metric of paper I recurs at $θ=0$ while the most popular CPT-symmetric hermitization proves long-ranged, with $θ=\infty$.
description: 31 pp, 3 figures
Microwave cyclotron resonance of hot electrons in p-type gallium antimonide
Creators: name: Hill, Douglas Arthur
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A microwave photocreated cyclotron resonance signal is observed in p-type GaSb in the temperature range 1-30 K. Circular polarization and other measurements identify the carriers as electrons in the (000) conduction band. The effects of background absorption, dispersion, the presence of holes at high power and plasma shifts are taken into account. The problem of a surface effect on the measured peak position is reported for the first time, and is avoided by bulk carrier creation. The electrons are heated by the strong microwave electric field to energies up to 30 ± 4 meV above the conduction band minimum. The scattering mechanism is studied through the half width of the cyclotron resonance line. The measured ωτ of 1.5 - 4 yields an electron collision time of τ ≈ 10⁻¹¹ s. The scattering mechanism at liquid helium temperatures is identified as being partly due to neutral defect acceptor scattering of hot electrons. There is also an unidentified residual scattering process. The electron polaron effective mass is measured to be m*(polaron)/m[sub o] = 0.0412 ± .0008 for electrons with an average energy of 15 meV. The angular dependence of the effective mass is less than 1%. When corrections for conduction-band non-parabolicity and polaron effects are applied, the band-edge free electron mass is calculated to be msub o]*(free)/m[sub o] = 0.0396 ± 0.0018 (or ± 4.4%). The main error in the final value derives from the two corrections calculated using the hot electron distribution.
Generating Functional for Gauge Invariant Actions: Examples of Nonrelativistic Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Andreev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generating functional for nonrelativistic gauge invariant actions. In particular, we consider actions without the usual magnetic term. Like in the Born-Infeld theory, there is an upper bound to the electric field strength in these gauge theories.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; v2: misprints corrected
Sports engineering practices applied to public brain injury prevention
Creators: name: Dawber, Will
name: Foster, Leon
name: Senior, Terry
name: Hart, John
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024

description: Engineering of Sport 15 - Proceedings from the 15th International Conference on the Engineering of Sport (ISEA 2024)
It is estimated annually that 69 million individuals suffer from traumatic brain injuries (TBI). The sporting goods industry sit at the forefront of helmet innovation, particularly for American Football (AF). Research within AF has introduced methods for measuring helmet impact attenuation, a test standard and specification revisions, and produced injury criteria (IC) which correlate impact kinematics with injury probability. These practices are being applied to other sports applications and, if effective, could reduce TBI rates across the sports industry. This suggests the adoption of these strategies for applications outside of sport may further reduce global TBI rates, particularly if targeted at high-risk occupations. The objective of this paper is to highlight strategies used in sports helmet development with recommendations for application to Public Order (PO, ‘Riot Police’), as injuries in this setting can be particularly severe and research would have global impact.
Additional file 8 of SRSF1 regulates primordial follicle formation and number determination during meiotic prophase I
Creators: name: Sun, Longjie
name: Lv, Zheng
name: Chen, Xuexue
name: Wang, Chaofan
name: Lv, Pengbo
name: Yan, Lu
name: Tian, Shuang
name: Xie, Xiaomei
name: Yao, Xiaohong
name: Liu, Jingjing
name: Wang, Zhao
name: Luo, Haoshu
name: Cui, Sheng
name: Liu, Jiali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8. Uncropped gels/blots.
Zero temperature dynamics in two dimensional ANNNI model
Creators: name: Biswas, Soham
name: Chandra, Anjan Kumar
name: Sen, Parongama
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the dynamics of a two dimensional axial next nearest neighbour Ising (ANNNI) model following a quench to zero temperature. The Hamiltonian is given by $H = -J_0\sum_{i,j=1}^L S_{i,j}S_{i+1,j} - J_1\sum_{i,j=1} [S_{i,j} S_{i,j+1} -κS_{i,j} S_{i,j+2}]$. For $κ<1$, the system does not reach the equilibrium ground state but slowly evolves to a metastable state. For $κ> 1$, the system shows a behaviour similar to the two dimensional ferromagnetic Ising model in the sense that it freezes to a striped state with a finite probability. The persistence probability shows algebraic decay here with an exponent $θ= 0.235 \pm 0.001$ while the dynamical exponent of growth $z=2.08\pm 0.01$. For $κ=1$, the system belongs to a completely different dynamical class; it always evolves to the true ground state with the persistence and dynamical exponent having unique values. Much of the dynamical phenomena can be understood by studying the dynamics and distribution of the number of domains walls. We also compare the dynamical behaviour to that of a Ising model in which both the nearest and next nearest neighbour interactions are ferromagnetic.
description: 9 pages, revtex4, to appear in PRE
Presentazione del ciclo di "Seminari di PEML in Ambrosiana"
Creators: name: Redazione, PEML
Publisher: name: Prassi Ecdotiche della Modernità Letteraria
Year: 2019

description: Nella primavera del 2019 Prassi Ecdotiche della Modernità Letteraria ha organizzato, insieme con la classe di Italianistica dell’Accademia Ambrosiana, un ciclo di seminari che portano il titolo: Stesure, redazioni, revisioni, riscritture: problemi di definizione.

Il punto di partenza di questa proposta nasce da una domanda, cui si intrecciano subito numerose altre: c’è differenza tra «stesura» e «redazione», spesso usati come sinonimi in filologia e nelle pagine critiche? Se una differenza c’è, qual è la specificità o la particolarità dell’una e dell’altra? Quali definizioni si possono quindi dare? E, muovendosi nella stessa direzione, fino a quando si può parlare di «revisione» e quando si incomincia a parlare di «riscrittura»? E come cambia un’opera cambiando i suoi indici? Tentare di rispondere alle domande sopra poste significa sia aprire una riflessione su un possibile glossario condiviso, sia fare i conti con i singoli casi che la storia della letteratura o della critica presenta continuamente agli studiosi.
Nella sezione di “Convegni aperti” di questo primo fascicolo del numero 4(2019) di PEML si propongono dunque le prime tre relazioni del ciclo, che si sono tenute nei mesi di marzo, aprile e maggio 2019.
description: Prassi Ecdotiche della Modernità Letteraria, N. 4/I (2019)
Current modulation at nano-scale level: A theoretical study
Creators: name: Maiti, Santanu K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibilities of current modulation at nano-scale level using mesoscopic rings. A single mesoscopic ring or an array of such rings is used for current modulation where each ring is threaded by a time varying magnetic flux $ϕ$ which plays the central role in the modulation action. Within a tight-binding framework, all the calculations are done based on the Green's function formalism. We present numerical results for the two-terminal conductance and current which support the essential features of current modulation. The analysis may be helpful in fabricating mesoscopic or nano-scale electronic devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Faraday effect studies of CdS and CdIn2S4
Creators: name: Gaglardi, Kenneth Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The Faraday effect is used to study the properties of donor and conduction electrons in CdS and Cdln₂S₄. The experiments on CdS give additional information to that obtained from previous ESR measurements which showed possible 'impurity banding* at concentrations much less than 2x10¹⁸/cc. The electrons are shown to behave at high frequencies as if they were free and at low frequencies as if they were localized. The concentration dependence of the conduction band electronic effective mass was measured using the free carrier Faraday effect and found to be constant to within the experimental error of 7% over the concentration range 3x10¹⁷to 7.6x10¹⁸/cc. The uncertainty is much less than presently reported in the literature but too large to verify the increase of 2% over the concentration range predicted by a k.p calculation. A larger Faraday rotation than anticipated was observed at 2°K and an explanation is presented in terms of additional electric-dipole magneto-absorption entering through the spin-orbit interaction. This is interpreted as the observation of the so-called 'combined resonance' effect in CdS. The conduction band electronic effective mass of Cdln₂S₄ was determined from Faraday effect measurements and found to be m*/m₀=0.17± .02. To obtain this value it was necessary to measure the index of refraction in the near infrared spectral region between 0.6 and 1.6µ. A value of 2.57 was found at 1.6µ.
Scheme for fault-tolerant holonomic computation on stabilizer codes
Creators: name: Oreshkov, Ognyan
name: Brun, Todd A.
name: Lidar, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper generalizes and expands upon the work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 070502 (2009)] where we introduced a scheme for fault-tolerant holonomic quantum computation (HQC) on stabilizer codes. HQC is an all-geometric strategy based on non-Abelian adiabatic holonomies, which is known to be robust against various types of errors in the control parameters. The scheme we present shows that HQC is a scalable method of computation, and opens the possibility for combining the benefits of error correction with the inherent resilience of the holonomic approach. We show that with the Bacon-Shor code the scheme can be implemented using Hamiltonian operators of weight 2 and 3.
description: 22 pages
Magnetic properties of small Pt-capped Fe, Co and Ni clusters: A density functional theory study
Creators: name: Sahoo, Sanjubala
name: Hucht, Alfred
name: Gruner, Markus E.
name: Entel, Peter
name: Postnikov, Andrei
name: Ferrer, Jaime
name: Fernández-Seivane, Lucas
name: Richter, Manuel
name: Fritsch, Daniel
name: Sil, Shreekantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretical studies on M$_{13}$ (M = Fe, Co, Ni) and M$_{13}$Pt$_n$ (for $n$ = 3, 4, 5, 20) clusters including the spin-orbit coupling are done using density functional theory. The magnetic anisotropy energy (MAE) along with the spin and orbital moments are calculated for M$_{13}$ icosahedral clusters. The angle-dependent energy differences are modelled using an extended classical Heisenberg model with local anisotropies. From our studies, the MAE for Jahn-Teller distorted Fe$_{13}$, Mackay distorted Fe$_{13}$ and nearly undistorted Co$_{13}$ clusters are found to be 322, 60 and 5 $μ$eV/atom, respectively, and are large relative to the corresponding bulk values, (which are 1.4 and 1.3 $μ$eV/atom for bcc Fe and fcc Co, respectively.) However, for Ni$_{13}$ (which practically does not show relaxation tendencies), the calculated value of MAE is found to be 0.64 $μ$eV/atom, which is approximately four times smaller compared to the bulk fcc Ni (2.7 $μ$eV/atom). In addition, MAE of the capped cluster (Fe$_{13}$Pt$_4$) is enhanced compared to the uncapped Jahn-Teller distorted Fe$_{13}$ cluster.
The Mid-Infrared Continua of Seyfert Galaxies
Creators: name: Deo, Rajesh. P.
name: Richards, Gordon. T.
name: Crenshaw, D. M.
name: Kraemer, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of archival mid-infrared (mid-IR) spectra of Seyfert galaxies from the Spitzer Space Telescope observations is presented. We characterize the nature of the mid-IR active nuclear continuum by subtracting a template starburst spectrum from the Seyfert spectra. The long wavelength part of the spectrum contains a strong contribution from the starburst-heated cool dust; this is used to effectively separate starburst-dominated Seyferts from those dominated by the active nuclear continuum. Within the latter category, the strength of the active nuclear continuum drops rapidly beyond ~ 20 micron. On average, type 2 Seyferts have weaker short-wavelength active nuclear continua as compared to type 1 Seyferts. Type 2 Seyferts can be divided into two types, those with strong poly-cyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) bands and those without. The latter type show polarized broad emission lines in their optical spectra. The PAH-dominated type 2 Seyferts and Seyfert 1.8/1.9s show very similar mid-IR spectra. However, after the subtraction of the starburst component, there is a striking similarity in the active nuclear continuum of all Seyfert optical types. PAH-dominated Seyfert 2s and Seyfert 1.8/1.9s tend to show weak active nuclear continua in general. A few type 2 Seyferts with weak/absent PAH bands show a bump in the spectrum between 15 and 20 micron. We suggest that this bump is the peak of a warm (~200 K) blackbody dust emission, which becomes clearly visible when the short-wavelength continuum is weaker. This warm blackbody emission is also observed in other Seyfert optical subtypes, suggesting a common origin in these active galactic nuclei.
description: 25 pages, 3 tables, 11 figures; Accepted for Publication in Nov. 2009 ApJ issue 1
Efficient reconciliation protocol for discrete-variable quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Elkouss, David
name: Leverrier, Anthony
name: Alléaume, Romain
name: Boutros, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconciliation is an essential part of any secret-key agreement protocol and hence of a Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) protocol, where two legitimate parties are given correlated data and want to agree on a common string in the presence of an adversary, while revealing a minimum amount of information. In this paper, we show that for discrete-variable QKD protocols, this problem can be advantageously solved with Low Density Parity Check (LDPC) codes optimized for the BSC. In particular, we demonstrate that our method leads to a significant improvement of the achievable secret key rate, with respect to earlier interactive reconciliation methods used in QKD.