cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Limit of a consistent approximation to the complete compressible Euler System
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Nilasis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 76U10, Secondary: 35D30,

description: The goal of the present paper is to prove that if a weak limit of a consistent approximation scheme of compressible complete Euler system in the full space $ \mathbb{R}^d,\; d=2,3 $ is a weak solution of the system then eventually the approximate solutions converge strongly in suitable norms locally under a minimal assumption on the initial data of the approximate solutions. The class of consistent approximate solutions is quite general including the vanishing viscosity and heat conductivity limit. In particular, they may not satisfy the minimal principle for entropy.
description: Few errors have been rectified
The stellar occultation by (319) Leona on 13 September 2023 in preparation for the occultation of Betelgeuse
Creators: name: Ortiz, J. L.
name: Kretlow, M.
name: Schnabel, C.
name: Morales, N.
name: Flores-Martín, J.
name: González, M. Sánchez
name: Casarramona, F.
name: Selva, A.
name: Perelló, C.
name: Román-Reche, A.
name: Alonso, S.
name: Rizos, J. L.
name: Gonçalves, R.
name: Castillo, A.
name: Madiedo, J. M.
name: Sánchez, P. Martínez
name: andújar, J. M. Fernández
name: Maestre, J. L.
name: Smith, E.
name: Gil, M.
name: Pelenjow, V.
name: Soriano, S. Moral
name: Martí, J.
name: Luque-Escamilla, P. L.
name: Casas, R.
name: Casal, J. Delgado
name: Rovira, J.
name: Aceituno, F. J.
name: Dekert, V.
name: Guimerá, V. de Ory
name: Estepa, J. Serrano
name: Kilic, Y.
name: Leiva, R.
name: Santos-Sanz, P.
name: Duffard, R.
name: Fernández-Valenzuela, E.
name: Vara-Lubiano, M.
name: Alvarez-Candal, A.
name: Rommel, F. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 12 December 2023, the star $α$ Orionis (Betelgeuse) will be occulted by the asteroid (319) Leona. This represents an extraordinary and unique opportunity to analyze the diameter and brightness distribution of Betelgeuse's photosphere with extreme angular resolution by studying the light curve as the asteroid occults the star from different points on Earth and at different wavelengths. Here we present observations of another occultation by Leona on 13 September 2023 to determine its projected shape and size in preparation for the December 12th event. The occultation observation campaign was highly successful. The effective diameter in projected area derived from the positive detections at 17 sites turned out to be 66 km $\pm$ 2 km using an elliptical fit to the instantaneous limb. The body is highly elongated, with dimensions of 79.6 $\pm$ 2.2 km x 54.8 $\pm$ 1.3 km in its long and short axis, respectively, at the occultation time. Also, an accurate position coming from the occultation, to improve the orbit determination of Leona for December 12 is provided.
description: Two figures. Letter submitted to A&A
The measurement and assessment of market risk: a comparison of the European Commission and Basle Committee approaches
Creators: name: HALL, M.J.B.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Bank regulation, risk, European Commission, Basle Committee
subject: G28, G32

description: Since its initiation in July 1988 of the agreement on international bank capital adequacy, the Basle Committee of Supervisors has been working on ways to extend it to cover banks' market risks. There has been a dramatic growth in the volume of these risks during recent years. The European Commission approach to this area is compared with the latest (April 1993) Basle Committee proposals. JEL Codes: G28, G32
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 194 (1995)
Additional file 7 of Low phosphatase activity of LiaS and strong LiaR-DNA affinity explain the unusual LiaS to LiaR in vivo stoichiometry
Creators: name: Jani, Shailee
name: Sterzenbach, Karen
name: Adatrao, Vijaya
name: Tajbakhsh, Ghazal
name: Mascher, Thorsten
name: Golemi-Kotra, Dasantila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 7. Oligomerization studies on LiaRN.
Cumulants in Noncommutative Probability Theory IV. De Finetti's Theorem and $L^p$-Inequalities
Creators: name: Lehner, Franz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L53, 05A18

description: In this paper we collect a few results about exchangeability systems in which crossing cumulants vanish, which we call noncrossing exchangeability systems. The main result is a free version of De Finetti's theorem, characterising amalgamated free products as noncrossing exchangeability systems which satisfy a so-called weak singleton condition. The main tool in the proof is an $L^p$-inequality with uniformly bounded constants for i.i.d. sequences in noncrossing exchangeability systems.
description: 33 pages, AMS LaTeX; Brillinger's formula transferred to separate paper
Domestic pressures and the exchange rate regime: why economically bad decisions are politically popular?
Creators: name: GRÜNER, H.P.
name: HEFEKER, C.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013

description: Every currency crisis brings with it a discussion on the optimal choice of the exchange rate regime. This literature is characterised by an exclusive focus on this single policy issue whilst taking other institutional choices as given. The authors attempt to develop an approach which incorporates a simultaneous choice of three major institutional elements that are germane to this issue and which affect social welfare. JEL Codes:
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 194 (1995)
Measuring lepton number violation in heavy neutral lepton decays at the future muon collider
Creators: name: Mikulenko, Oleksii
name: Marinichenko, Mariia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The future muon collider has the potential to discover feebly interacting particles in a wide range of masses above the electroweak scale. It is particularly suitable to search for heavy neutral leptons (HNLs), as their production cross section $σ\sim m_W^{-2}$ is not suppressed by the new physics scale. We demonstrate that the muon collider, with the capacity to observe up to $10^5$ events in the previously unexplored TeV mass range, provides the means to measure the fraction of lepton number violating (LNV) processes with precision at the level of a percent. This capability enables elucidating the nature of HNLs, allowing us to differentiate between Majorana, Dirac, and non-minimal scenarios featuring multiple degenerate HNLs. We link the observed fraction of LNV processes to the parameters of the model with three degenerate HNLs, which could be responsible for generating baryon asymmetry in the Universe. Additionally, we present a simple estimate for the number of signal events, as well as analyze the feasibility of vector boson fusion processes in searches for HNLs.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
The training of an economist
Creators: name: PATINKIN, D.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Recollections, Don, Patinkin
subject: B31

description: The paper is a contribution to a series of recollections and reflections on the professional experiences of distinguished economists which the Banca Nazionale del Lavoro Quarterly Review started in 1979. The economic and social problems associated with the depression in the 1930s were prevalent in Don Patinkin’s neighbourhood, thus influencing him to become an economist. In his graduate studies at the University of Chicago, he was exposed to Frank Knight, Jacob Viner, Henry Simons, Jacob Marshak and Oskar Lange, professors whom he credits for his training as an economist. JEL Codes: B31
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 195 (1995)
Italian monetary policy in the ’80s and ’90s: the revision of the modus operandi
Creators: name: SARCINELLI, M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Banking industry, Monetary policy, Banca d'Italia, Italy
subject: E52

description: The 'Modus Operandi' of Italian monetary policy which relies on market-based control was radically changed in the '80s and '90s. However, changes still have to be initiated with relation to the banks' compulsory reserve deposits. The Bank of Italy must also be in step with European standards if it is to be an active participant of the future European System of Central Banks. On the third anniversary of Italy's withdrawal from the EMS Exchange Rate Mechanism (16 September 1992) this work reviews the structural changes that have taken place. This review is restricted to the field of monetary policy. Monetary objectives and instruments are analysed separately. JEL Codes: E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 195 (1995)
Monetary policy goals and central bank independence
Creators: name: AKHTAR, M.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Decision-making, Models, Decision making, Evaluation, Monetary policy
subject: E52, E58

description: During recent years a strong body of academic literature has argued that central bank independence (CBI) is necessary in order to achieve and maintain low inflation. This appears to support the view of central bankers that they should have the autonomy to pursue policy objectives without being pressured by short-term political objectives. The treatment of policy goals and the issue of policymakers' inflationary bias within CBI models are reviewed. JEL Codes: E52, E58
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 195 (1995)
Private goals and monetary policy: inflation and resignations from the Federal Reserve Board
Creators: name: CRIHFIELD, J.B
name: WOOD, J.H.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis, Compensation and benefits, United States. Federal Reserve Board, Monetary policy, Bankers
subject: E52

description: The nature of and need to understand economic regulation are discussed. The paper presents further evidence on the relationship between monetary policy and the personal costs and benefits of inflation to central bankers. It is found that resignations from the Federal Reserve Board have been connected to significantly substantial deteriorations in Board salaries in relation to private sector incomes caused by above-average inflation. This is especially true of members whose job backgrounds and ages have allowed easiest access to substantial private incomes. JEL Codes: E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 48, N. 195 (1995)
Full-bandwidth anisotropic Migdal-Eliashberg theory and its application to superhydrides
Creators: name: Lucrezi, Roman
name: Ferreira, Pedro P.
name: Hajinazar, Samad
name: Mori, Hitoshi
name: Paudyal, Hari
name: Margine, Elena R.
name: Heil, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Migdal-Eliashberg theory is one of the state-of-the-art methods for describing conventional superconductors from first principles. However, widely used implementations assume a constant density of states around the Fermi level, which hinders a proper description of materials with distinct features in its vicinity. Here, we present an implementation of the Migdal-Eliashberg theory within the EPW code that considers the full electronic structure and accommodates scattering processes beyond the Fermi surface. To significantly reduce computational costs, we introduce a non-uniform sampling scheme along the imaginary axis. We demonstrate the power of our implementation by applying it to the sodalite-like clathrates YH$_6$ and CaH$_6$, and to the covalently-bonded H$_3$S and D$_3$S. Furthermore, we investigate the effect of maximizing the density of states at the Fermi level in doped H$_3$S and BaSiH$_8$ within the full-bandwidth treatment compared to the constant-density-of-states approximation. Our findings highlight the importance of this advanced treatment in such complex materials.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures. Revised manuscript with minor changes. Supplemental Information available on the journal website (open access)
RD-flatness and RD-injectivity
Creators: name: Couchot, Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is proved that every commutative ring whose RD-injective modules are $Σ$-RD-injective is the product of a pure semi-simple ring and a finite ring. A complete characterization of commutative rings for which each artinian (respectively simple) module is RD-injective, is given. These results can be obtained by using the properties of RD-flat modules and RD-coflat modules which are respectively the RD-relativization of flat modules and fp-injective modules. It is also shown that a commutative ring is perfect if and only if each RD-flat module is RD-projective.
description: A new section is added to the version published in Communications in Algebra where a complete proof of Theorem 3.1 is given
A Note on Minimax Robustness of Designs Against Correlated or Heteroscedastic Responses
Creators: name: Wiens, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 62K05, Secondary 62G35

description: We present a result according to which certain functions of covariance matrices are maximized at scalar multiples of the identity matrix. This is used to show that experimental designs that are optimal under an assumption of independent, homoscedastic responses can be minimax robust, in broad classes of alternate covariance structures. In particular it can justify the common practice of disregarding possible dependence, or heteroscedasticity, at the design stage of an experiment.
Einsatz von Robotern an einer Heilpädagogischen Schule unter der Berücksichtigung der "Anwendung des Lehrplans 21 für Schülerinnen und Schüler mit komplexen Behinderungen in Sonder- und Regelschulen"
Creators: name: Bolfing, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
kognitive Beeinträchtigung
Roboter
Schule
Masterarbeit

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht, inwiefern Roboter im heilpädagogischen Unterricht, unter der Berücksichtigung der Erweiterung des Lehrplans 21, theoretisch und praktisch integriert werden können. Zu diesem Zweck wurden zwei Roboter für den pädagogischen Gebrauch ausgewählt und Unterrichtsmaterialien sowie Einheiten erstellt. Während acht Unterrichtssequenzen und über einen Zeitraum von mehreren Wochen wurde das Verhalten einer Gruppe von drei Kindern mit einer kognitiven Beeinträchtigung bei der schulischen Arbeit mit Robotern beobachtet und festgehalten. Dazu wurden vorgängig Ziele und Erwartungen zum Vorhaben formuliert. Die Evaluation dieses Unterfangens hat ergeben, dass der Einsatz von Robotern im heilpädagogischen Unterricht berechtigt ist und lehrplankonform im Unterricht eingesetzt werden kann. Sowohl als methodisch didaktisches Instrument wie auch als unterstützendes Element hatten die Roboter eine positive Wirkung auf die Schülerinnen und
 Schüler. Die Lernenden erwarben grundlegende informatische Fertigkeiten und zeigten sich während der Durchführung sichtbar offen und engagiert.
Unconventional singularities, scale separation and energy balance in frictional rupture
Creators: name: Brener, Efim A.
name: Bouchbinder, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A widespread framework for understanding frictional rupture, such as earthquakes along geological faults, invokes an analogy to ordinary cracks. A distinct feature of ordinary cracks is that their near edge fields are characterized by a square root singularity, which is intimately related to the existence of strict dissipation-related lengthscale separation and edge-localized energy balance. Yet, the interrelations between the singularity order, lengthscale separation and edge-localized energy balance in frictional rupture are not fully understood, even in physical situations in which the conventional square root singularity remains approximately valid. Here we develop a macroscopic theory that shows that the generic rate-dependent nature of friction leads to deviations from the conventional singularity, and that even if this deviation is small, significant non-edge-localized rupture-related dissipation emerges. The physical origin of the latter, which is predicted to vanish identically in the crack analogy, is the breakdown of scale separation that leads an accumulated spatially-extended dissipation, involving macroscopic scales. The non-edge-localized rupture-related dissipation is also predicted to be position dependent. The theoretical predictions are quantitatively supported by available numerical results, and their possible implications for earthquake physics are discussed.
description: Revised presentation, no change in content (10 pages, 5 figures)
Formal Probabilistic Methods for Combinatorial Structures using the Lovász Local Lemma
Creators: name: Edmonds, Chelsea
name: Paulson, Lawrence C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: F.4.1; G.2.2
subject: 05D05, 68V20, 68V15, 68V35, 03B35, 05C65, 05C15, 60C05

description: Formalised libraries of combinatorial mathematics have rapidly expanded over the last five years, but few use one of the most important tools: probability. How can often intuitive probabilistic arguments on the existence of combinatorial structures, such as hypergraphs, be translated into a formal text? We present a modular framework using locales in Isabelle/HOL to formalise such probabilistic proofs, including the basic existence method and first formalisation of the Lovász local lemma, a fundamental result in probability. The formalisation focuses on general, reusable formal probabilistic lemmas for combinatorial structures, and highlights several notable gaps in typical intuitive probabilistic reasoning on paper. The applicability of the techniques is demonstrated through the formalisation of several classic lemmas on the existence of hypergraphs with certain colourings.
description: v2: updated to reflect anonymous reviewer feedback. Accepted to CPP2024
On bilinear superintegrability for monomial matrix models in pure phase
Creators: name: Chan, C. -T.
name: Mishnyakov, V.
name: Popolitov, A.
name: Tsybikov, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the recently discovered bilinear superintegrability arXiv:2206.02045 generalizes, in a non-trivial way, to monomial matrix models in pure phase. The structure is much richer: for the trivial core Schur functions required modifications are minor, and the only new ingredient is a certain (contour-dependent) permutation matrix; for non-trivial-core Schur functions, in both bi-linear and tri-linear averages the deformation is more complicated: averages acquire extra N-dependent factors and selection rule is less straightforward to imply.
Mass Operator and Gauge Field Theory with Five-variable Field Functions
Creators: name: Chen, ChiYi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To investigate the mass generating problem without Higgs mechanism we present a model in which a new scalar gauge coupling is naturally introduced. Because of the existence of production and annihilation for particles in quantum field theory, we extend the number of independent variables from conventional four space-time dimensions to five ones in order to describe all degrees of freedom for field functions while the conventional space-time is still retained to be the background. The potential fifth variable is nothing but the proper time of particles. In response, a mass operator $(\hat{m}=-i\hbar \frac{\partial}{\partialτ})$ should be introduced. After that, the lagrangian for free fermion fields in terms of five independent variables and mass operator is written down. By applying the gauge principle, three kinds of vector gauge couplings and one kind of scalar gauge coupling are naturally introduced. In the current scenario, the mass spectrum for all fundamental particles is accounted for in principle by solving the eigenvalue of mass operator under the function of all kinds of interactions. Moreover, there no any auxiliary mechanism including spontaneous symmetry breaking get involved in the model. Therefore, traditional problems in the standard model such as the vacuum energy problem are removed from our model, as well as the hierarchy problem on the mass spectrum for fundamental particles.
description: 8 pages
The Italian financial system in the mid-1990s: a difficult transition
Creators: name: SARCINELLI, M.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Services, Italian financial system, Financial markets, European Union
subject: E58, G20

description: The Italian financial system is in a transition period searching for an effective compromise between German-style universal banking and the Anglo-American market-oriented system. This was stimulated by the European Community directives and the modernisation of the Italian finance market. The Italian economy, which has been very bank-centred, has gone through major changes due to strong competitive pressures arising from liberalisation and removal of constraints. The transformation being sought can be undertaken by fostering efficiency through competition without sacrificing the stability of industrial capitalism. JEL Codes: E58, G20
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 196 (1996)
Budget and constitution: a proposal for revision in the light of the Maastricht Treaty
Creators: name: MASERA, R.S.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Italy, budget, EMU
subject: F15, H61

description: The problems regarding Italy's proposed adherence to the European Economic and Monetary Union are discussed, particularly, the procedures in determining the public budget and their possible changes. Transparency in the budget process is needed to be able to do this task. The implications of the proposed changes on the amendments to the Finance Bill and the consequences of the Maastricht Treaty should also be closely examined. The economic and legal rules must be made known well before switching to the European currency. JEL Codes: F15, H61
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 196 (1996)
Deep learning method to remove chemical, kinetic and electric artifacts on ISEs
Creators: name: Ban, Byunghyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We suggest a deep learning based sensor signal processing method to remove chemical, kinetic and electrical artifacts from ion selective electrodes' measured values. An ISE is used to investigate the concentration of a specific ion from aqueous solution, by measuring the Nernst potential along the glass membrane. However, application of ISE on a mixture of multiple ion has some problem. First problem is a chemical artifact which is called ion interference effect. Electrically charged particles interact with each other and flows through the glass membrane of different ISEs. Second problem is the kinetic artifact caused by the movement of the liquid. Water molecules collide with the glass membrane causing abnormal peak values of voltage. The last artifact is the interference of ISEs. When multiple ISEs are dipped into same solution, one electrode's signal emission interference voltage measurement of other electrodes. Therefore, an ISE is recommended to be applied on single-ion solution, without any other sensors applied at the same time. Deep learning approach can remove both 3 artifacts at the same time. The proposed method used 5 layers of artificial neural networks to regress correct signal to remove complex artifacts with one-shot calculation. Its MAPE was less than 1.8% and R2 of regression was 0.997. A randomly chosen value of AI-processed data has MAPE less than 5% (p-value 0.016).
CodeFuse-13B: A Pretrained Multi-lingual Code Large Language Model
Creators: name: Di, Peng
name: Li, Jianguo
name: Yu, Hang
name: Jiang, Wei
name: Cai, Wenting
name: Cao, Yang
name: Chen, Chaoyu
name: Chen, Dajun
name: Chen, Hongwei
name: Chen, Liang
name: Fan, Gang
name: Gong, Jie
name: Gong, Zi
name: Hu, Wen
name: Guo, Tingting
name: Lei, Zhichao
name: Li, Ting
name: Li, Zheng
name: Liang, Ming
name: Liao, Cong
name: Liu, Bingchang
name: Liu, Jiachen
name: Liu, Zhiwei
name: Lu, Shaojun
name: Shen, Min
name: Wang, Guangpei
name: Wang, Huan
name: Wang, Zhi
name: Xu, Zhaogui
name: Yang, Jiawei
name: Ye, Qing
name: Zhang, Gehao
name: Zhang, Yu
name: Zhao, Zelin
name: Zheng, Xunjin
name: Zhou, Hailian
name: Zhu, Lifu
name: Zhu, Xianying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Code Large Language Models (Code LLMs) have gained significant attention in the industry due to their wide applications in the full lifecycle of software engineering. However, the effectiveness of existing models in understanding non-English inputs for multi-lingual code-related tasks is still far from well studied. This paper introduces CodeFuse-13B, an open-sourced pre-trained code LLM. It is specifically designed for code-related tasks with both English and Chinese prompts and supports over 40 programming languages. CodeFuse achieves its effectiveness by utilizing a high quality pre-training dataset that is carefully filtered by program analyzers and optimized during the training process. Extensive experiments are conducted using real-world usage scenarios, the industry-standard benchmark HumanEval-x, and the specially designed CodeFuseEval for Chinese prompts. To assess the effectiveness of CodeFuse, we actively collected valuable human feedback from the AntGroup's software development process where CodeFuse has been successfully deployed. The results demonstrate that CodeFuse-13B achieves a HumanEval pass@1 score of 37.10%, positioning it as one of the top multi-lingual code LLMs with similar parameter sizes. In practical scenarios, such as code generation, code translation, code comments, and testcase generation, CodeFuse performs better than other models when confronted with Chinese prompts.
description: Accepted by ICSE-SEIP 2024
Geodesics and distance in classical physics
Creators: name: Grigorenko, A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate geodesics on a manifold in terms of a parallel transfer of a particle state vector transformed by local Lorentz and Yang-Mills symmetry groups. This formulation leads to an introduction of a canonical one-form the eigenvalues of which define distance on a manifold. We suggest an action based on the canonical distance form and apply it to describe classical particles with spin. Arguments are presented in favour of scaling distance in the space-time with a scalar field.
description: 25 pages
Finance and growth: a synthesis and interpretation of the evidence
Creators: name: GALETOVIC, A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Research, Economic development, financial intermediaries, credit markets
subject: G20, F43, O43

description: There has been a resurgence in the interest of examining the correlation between financial intermediaries and services and long-run growth. An analysis is done to review and interpret empirical proof gathered concerning this issue. The study is premised on the fact that this issue is centred on the belief that incentive frictions in credit markets significantly affect real allocations. JEL Codes: G20, F43, O43
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 196 (1996)
Complex-Dynamic Origin of Consciousness and the Critical Choice of Sustainability Transition
Creators: name: Kirilyuk, Andrei P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quite general interaction process of a multi-component system is analysed by the extended effective potential method liberated from usual limitations of perturbation theory or integrable model. The obtained causally complete solution of the many-body problem reveals the phenomenon of dynamic multivaluedness, or redundance, of emerging, incompatible system realisations and dynamic entanglement of system components within each realisation. The ensuing concept of dynamic complexity (and related intrinsic chaoticity) is absolutely universal and can be applied to the problem of (natural and artificial) intelligence and consciousness that dynamically emerge now as a high enough, properly specified levels of unreduced complexity of a suitable interaction process. Emergent consciousness can be identified with the appearance of bound, permanently localised states in the multivalued brain dynamics from strongly chaotic states of unconscious intelligence, by analogy with classical behaviour emergence from quantum states at the lowest levels of complex world dynamics. We show that the main properties of this dynamically emerging consciousness (and intelligence, at the preceding complexity level) correspond to empirically derived properties of natural consciousness and obtain causally substantiated conclusions about their artificial realisation, including the fundamentally justified paradigm of genuine machine consciousness. This rigorously defined machine consciousness is different from both natural consciousness and any mechanistic, dynamically single-valued imitation of the latter. We use then the same, truly universal concept of complexity to derive equally rigorous conclusions about mental and social implications of this complex-dynamic consciousness concept, demonstrating its critical importance for further progress of science and civilisation.
description: 77 pages, 42 eqs, 68 refs; Report presented at the EXYSTENCE workshop Machine Consciousness: Complexity Aspects (Turin, 29 September - 1 October 2003); Modified format and title, updated references, and a chapter on social implications added in v2 (published version)
Inverse spectral problems for Hill-type operators with frozen argument
Creators: name: Buterin, Sergey
name: Hu, Yi-Teng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A55 34K29

description: The paper deals with nonlocal differential operators possessing a term with frozen (fixed) argument appearing, in particular, in modelling various physical systems with feedback. The presence of a feedback means that the external affect on the system depends on its current state. If this state is taken into account only at some fixed physical point, then mathematically this corresponds to an operator with frozen argument. In the present paper, we consider the operator $Ly\equiv-y''(x)+q(x)y(a),$ $y^{(ν)}(0)=γy^{(ν)}(1),$ $ν=0,1,$ where $γ\in{\mathbb C}\setminus\{0\}.$ The operator $L$ is a nonlocal analog of the classical Hill operator describing various processes in cyclic or periodic media. We study two inverse problems of recovering the complex-valued square-integrable potential $q(x)$ from some spectral information about $L.$ The first problem involves only single spectrum as the input data. We obtain complete characterization of the spectrum and prove that its specification determines $q(x)$ uniquely if and only if $γ\ne\pm1.$ For the rest (periodic and antiperiodic) cases, we describe classes of iso-spectral potentials and provide restrictions under which the uniqueness holds. The second inverse problem deals with recovering $q(x)$ from the two spectra related to $γ=\pm1.$ We obtain necessary and sufficient conditions for its solvability and establish that uniqueness holds if and only if $a=0,1.$ For $a\in(0,1),$ we describe classes of iso-bispectral potentials and give restrictions under which the uniqueness resumes. Algorithms for solving both inverse problems are provided. In the appendix, we prove Riesz-basisness of an auxiliary two-sided sequence of sines.
description: 17 pages
Building an institutional framework for monetary stability: the case of Italy (1979-1994)
Creators: name: PASSACANTANDO, F.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Central bank independence, Italian monetary policy, Inflation
subject: E52, E58

description: Italy's monetary regime has experienced significant developments from 1979 to 1994. The independence of the central bank from the government was strengthened by several reforms. The period under review is characterised by monetary policy consistent with the Italian government's inflation targets following the abandonment of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism in Sep. 1992. Factors leading to the replacement of one type of institutional arrangement by another and the effects on monetary policy performance are examined. The steps followed and the problems encountered in implementing a system which would ensure monetary stability are also presented. JEL Codes: E52, E58
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 196 (1996)
Dynamically generated states from the $ηK^*\bar{K}^*$, $πK^*\bar{K}^*$, and $K K^*\bar{K}^*$ systems within the fixed-center approximation
Creators: name: Shen, Qing-Hua
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Xie, Ju-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three-body systems $ηK^* \bar{K}^*$, $πK^* \bar{K}^*$, and $K K^* \bar{K}^*$ are further investigated within the framework of fixed-center approximation, where $K^* \bar{K}^*$ is treated as the fixed-center, corresponding to the possible scalar meson $a_0(1780)$ or the tensor meson $f_2'(1525)$. The interactions between $η$, $π$, $K$, and $K^*$ are taken from the chiral unitary approach. The resonance structures appear in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude and suggest that $η/ π/ K$-$(K^*\bar{K}^*)_{a_0(1780)/f'_2(1525)}$ hadron state can be formed. By scattering the $η$ meson on the fixed-center $(K^* \bar{K}^*)_{a_0(1780)}$, it is found that there is a distinct peak around 2100 MeV, as shown in the modulus squared of the three-body scattering amplitude, which can be associated with the meson $π(2070)$. For the scattering of the $η$ meson on the $(K^* \bar{K}^*)_{f_2'(1525)}$, a resonance structure around 1890 MeV is found and it can be associated with the $η_2(1870)$ meson. Other resonance structures are also found and can be associated with $π_2(1880)$ and $η(2010)$.
description: Published version
Enhancing European competitiveness
Creators: name: CIAMPI, C.A.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Planning, Europe, Competition (Economics)
subject: F00

description: Europe's bid to improve its competitive advantage is hampered by underutilization of its productive potential, as gleaned from its high unemployment rate, and the dissociation of economic growth and employment, where economic development is no longer accompanied by rise in employment. The Competitiveness Advisory Group addresses these issues in its work program and identifies sectors showing the greatest potential for enhancing competitive edge, among which are infrastructure, trade and investment. It also urges the implementation of key policy programs. The Group's proceedings and the main themes of its first two semi-annual reports (June and December 1995) are discussed. JEL Codes: F00
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 197 (1996)
Entropy estimators for Markovian sequences: A comparative analysis
Creators: name: De Gregorio, Juan
name: Sanchez, David
name: Toral, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropy estimation is a fundamental problem in information theory that has applications in various fields, including physics, biology, and computer science. Estimating the entropy of discrete sequences can be challenging due to limited data and the lack of unbiased estimators. Most existing entropy estimators are designed for sequences of independent events and their performance vary depending on the system being studied and the available data size. In this work we compare different entropy estimators and their performance when applied to Markovian sequences. Specifically, we analyze both binary Markovian sequences and Markovian systems in the undersampled regime. We calculate the bias, standard deviation and mean squared error for some of the most widely employed estimators. We discuss the limitations of entropy estimation as a function of the transition probabilities of the Markov processes and the sample size. Overall, this paper provides a comprehensive comparison of entropy estimators and their performance in estimating entropy for systems with memory, which can be useful for researchers and practitioners in various fields.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures
Dust depletion of of metals from local to distant galaxies II: Cosmic dust-to-metal ratio and dust composition
Creators: name: Konstantopoulou, Christina
name: De Cia, Annalisa
name: Ledoux, Cédric
name: Krogager, Jens-Kristian
name: Mattsson, Lars
name: Watson, Darach
name: Heintz, Kasper E.
name: Péroux, Céline
name: Noterdaeme, Pasquier
name: Andersen, Anja C.
name: Fynbo, Johan P. U.
name: Jermann, Iris
name: Ramburuth-Hurt, Tanita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the cosmic dust content and the cycle between metals and dust in the interstellar medium (ISM) play a fundamental role in galaxy evolution. The chemical enrichment of the Universe can be traced through the evolution of the dust-to-metals ratio (DTM) and the dust-to-gas ratio (DTG) with metallicity. We use a novel method to determine mass estimates of the DTM, DTG and dust composition based on our previous measurements of the depletion of metals in different environments (the Milky Way, the Magellanic Clouds, and damped Lyman-$α$ absorbers, DLAs, toward quasars and towards gamma-ray bursts, GRBs), which were calculated from the relative abundances of metals in the ISM through absorption-line spectroscopy column densities observed mainly from VLT/UVES and X-shooter, and HST/STIS. We derive the dust extinction from the estimated dust depletion ($A_{V, \rm depl}$) and compare with the $A_{V}$ from extinction. We find that the DTM and DTG ratios increase with metallicity and with the dust tracer [Zn/Fe]. This suggests that grain growth in the ISM is a dominant process of dust production. The increasing trend of the DTM and DTG with metallicity is in good agreement with a dust production and evolution model. Our data suggest that the stellar dust yield is much lower than the metal yield and thus that the overall amount of dust in the warm neutral medium that is produced by stars is much lower. We find that $A_{V,\rm depl}$ is overall lower than $A_{V, \rm ext}$ for the Milky Way and a few Magellanic Clouds lines of sight, a discrepancy that is likely related to the presence of carbonaceous dust. We show that the main elements that contribute to the dust composition are, O, Fe, Si, Mg, C, S, Ni and Al for all the environments. Abundances at low dust regimes suggest the presence of pyroxene and metallic iron in dust.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. Abstract abridged
Der Einfluss des Lautlesetrainings auf die Leseflüssigkeit und die Lesemotivation auf der Sekundarstufe 1
Creators: name: Götschi, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Vertiefungsrichtung Schulische Heilpädagogik
Leseförderung
Sekundarschule
Masterarbeit

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht, inwiefern sich das Lautlesetraining im Tandem auf die Leseflüssigkeit sowie die Lesemotivation von Schüler_innen auswirkt. In Anlehnung an das Lautleseverfahren von Rosebrock, Nix, Rieckmann und Gold (2017) wurde eine Leseförderung an einer Sekundarschule aufgebaut, in welcher die Leseflüssigkeit geübt wird und die Schüler_innen sich gegenseitig auf Lesewettkämpfe vorbereiten.
 Die Ergebnisse der Evaluation mittels Lesegeschwindigkeitserfassung, Erfassung des Leseverständnisses und Fragebogen zeigen auf, dass sich mit der Förderung des Lautleseverfahrens im Tandem die Leseflüssigkeit der Schüler_innen erhöht und sich dadurch die Lesegeschwindigkeit auch in ungeübten Texten verbessert. Die Tatsache, dass die Lesemotivation gleichblieb oder sich gesteigert hat, zeigt, dass das Projekt Anklang bei den Schüler_in-nen fand.
The ongoing weakening of the international financial system
Creators: name: GRAY, P.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Administration of General Economic Programs, Intnl Economic Policy, Exchange rates, global instability
subject: F31, G28

description: A hegemon-by-committee, or a group of nations playing the role of a dominant financial power, is necessary for the international financial system to withstand crises arising from drastic shifts of funds among national currencies, accompanied by large movements of exchange rates. These wide fluctuations in exchange rates and subsequent financial transactions can trigger a collapse of prices in dollar-denominated financial assets in US financial markets, thus undermining the global economy. With no single nation apparently capable of playing the hegemon, international cooperation is imperative. An important theme of the paper is that allocative efficiency may not be compatible with adequate financial stability efficiency. JEL Codes: F31, G28
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 197 (1996)
Grassmann Time-Evolving Matrix Product Operators for Equilibrium Quantum Impurity Problems
Creators: name: Chen, Ruofan
name: Xu, Xiansong
name: Guo, Chu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor-network-based methods are promising candidates to solve quantum impurity problems. They are free of sampling noises and the sign problem compared to state-of-the-art continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo methods. Recent progress made in tensor-network-based impurity solvers is to use the Feynman-Vernon influence functional to integrate out the bath analytically, retaining only the impurity dynamics and representing it compactly as a matrix product state. The recently proposed Grassmann time-evolving matrix product operator (GTEMPO) method is one of the representative methods in this direction. In this work, we systematically study the performance of GTEMPO in solving equilibrium quantum impurity problems at a finite temperature with a semicircular spectrum density of the bath. Our results show that its computational cost would generally increase as the temperature goes down and scale exponentially with the number of orbitals. In particular, the single-orbital Anderson impurity model can be efficiently solved with this method, for two orbitals we estimate that one could possibly reach inverse temperature $β\approx 20$ if high-performance computing techniques are utilized, while beyond that only very high-temperature regimes can be reached in the current formalism. Our work paves the way to apply GTEMPO as an imaginary-time impurity solver.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Vietnam in the 1980s: price reforms and stabilisation
Creators: name: LEUNG, S.
name: VO, T.T.
Publisher: name: PSL Quarterly Review
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Economic Programs, Administration of Economic Programs, Economic policy, Vietnam, Economic stabilisation
subject: P26, E52

description: Before the 1980s, Vietnam was modelled as a centrally-planned economy (CPE) along the same lines as the Soviet economy. During the 1980-88 period a kind of 'modified' planned economy (MPE) developed in which some partial reforms were effected within the CPE framework. These reforms and Vietnam's latest plans and reforms are surveyed. Economic reform measures in 1985 focused on the insignificant monetary overhang problem, which involved 'forced' money holdings by households owing to shortages in consumer goods. At the same time, it failed to address the problem of 'flow' of net domestic credit extended to the government and state-owned enterprises. Confiscatory monetary reform aggravated the situation as it reduced the demand for real balances. Budgetary and credit limits and shifts in asset portfolio choices by the Vietnamese, on the other hand, were responsible for the success of the 1989 reforms. JEL Codes: P26, E52
description: PSL Quarterly Review, V. 49, N. 197 (1996)