cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Vanuatiella tishechkini Besuchet & Hlaváč 2011, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Besuchet, Claude
name: Hlaváč, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Vanuatiella
Vanuatiella tishechkini

description: Vanuatiella tishechkini sp. nov.
(Figs. 4, 9, 10)
Type material (1 J 2 ♀♀). HOLOTYPE: J, VANUATU: ESPIRITU SANTO I.: Cumberland Peninsula, Saratsi Range at 14.9673°S 166.6787°E. 1200m. Flight intercept FL 12B-7. 20-21.Nov 2006. A. K. Tishechkin. AT748 (MNHN). PARATYPES: 2 ♀♀, the same data as holotype (MHNG, PHKS).
Description. Body (Fig. 4) 1.37–1.47 mm long. Head elongate, about 1.3–1.4 times as long as wide. Terminal antennomere as long as head, median opening of terminal antennomere located just before middle. Pronotum about 1.3 times as wide as long, and about 1.22–1.25 times shorter than head. Elytra wide, 1.3–1.4 times as wide as long at suture, sutural striae well-defined, parallel to suture along whole length of suture. Mesotibiae with minuscule, sharp spine located in apical fourth. Aedeagus as in Figs. 9–10, 0.23 mm long.
Sexual dimorphism. Mesotibiae of female simple, lacking spines in apical fourth.
Etymology. This new species is named in honour of Alexey Tishechkin, a well-known specialist on Histeridae and the collector of the type series.
Biology. Host ant unknown. All four specimens were collected by flight intercept trap, together with myrmecophilous species of the Histeridae: Chlamydopsinae (TISHECHKIN 2009).
Distribution. Vanuatu: Espiritu Santo Island.
description: Published as part of Besuchet, Claude & Hlaváč, Peter, 2011, Contribution to the knowledge of Clavigeritae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Pselaphinae) from Fiji and Vanuatu, with the catalogue of Clavigeritae of Oceania, pp. 517-528 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 51 (2) on pages 526-527, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5328923
title: The (Im)possibility of a CFSP “Internal Solution”
Creators: name: Johansen, Stian Øby
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: EU accession to the ECHR
subject: Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)
subject: Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU)
subject: Opinion 2/13
subject: judicial protection
subject: political questions doctrine

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2024 9(2), 783-800
description: I. Introduction – II. The main options considered by the negotiators – II.1. Introduction – II.2. A “reattribution mechanism” to ensure that EU Member States are exclusively responsible for CFSP conduct outside the scope of CJEU jurisdiction – II.3. An “interpretative declaration” to extend the CJEU’s jurisdiction over the CFSP – III. Extension by interpretation – without a declaration – as the way forward? – IV. What would work: formally extending the jurisdiction of the CJEU
description: There is one obstacle to the EU’s accession to the ECHR that the negotiators were unable to overcome in the revised DAA: the CJEU’s limited jurisdiction over the Union’s Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP). Carving out CFSP cases from the ECtHR’s jurisdiction was taken off the table already during the first round of DAA negotiations back in 2010–2013. During the renegotiations the parties made several attempts at drafting a DAA provision that would otherwise solve the issue. Ultimately, the EU side conceded and promised to resolve it internally. After abandoning the idea of an interpretative declaration that would “clarify” that the CJEU has jurisdiction over human rights violations in the CFSP area, the EU side were hoping that the KS and KD case would magically solve the issue for them. However, while KS and KD does provide some answers, serious questions remain. This could force the EU side to find a proper solution to the CFSP issue.
Bulimulus beckianum
Creators: name: Simone, Luiz Ricardo L.
name: Casati, Rafael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Stylommatophora
Bulimulidae
Bulimulus
Bulimulus beckianum

description: Beckianum beckianum (Pfeiffer, 1846)
(Figs. 51 –55)
Synonymy see Tillier (1981).
Diagnostic features. Shell of about 6.5 mm. Color pale brown, translucent. Periostracum thin, shining. Outline turriform; width ~35% of length (Figs. 51–53). Protoconch of 2.5 whorls, glossy, tall, suture well-marked; smooth; occupying ~14% of shell length and ~32% of shell width (Figs. 54 –55); border protoconch-teleoconch unclear, orthocline. Spire of ~7 rounded, narrow whorls, growth of whorls continuous up to fourth whorl, angle ~40° (Figs. 54 –55); remaining whorls of similar size (Figs. 51–53); suture well-marked. Sculpture uniform series of axial, narrow ribs, from suture to suture, ~ 40 in penultimate whorl; interspaces between ribs equivalent to 4 times their width. Peristome not deflected, orthocline (Fig. 52). Aperture rounded, occupying ~20% of shell length and ~45% of width; lacking teeth; outer lip rounded, simple; inner lip highly concave, superior half slightly convex, inferior half also almost straight and narrow. Callus thin inconspicuous. Umbilicus absent.
Measurements (in mm): MZSP 112411: 6.5 by 2.2; MZSP 111842: 4.8 by 2.2.
Distribution. Only known from type locality.
Habitat. Caatinga semi-dry environment; collected inside caves.
Material examined. BRAZIL. Piauí; Serra da Capivara; Coronel José Dias municipality, close to Sítio do Mocó town, Cave Toca de Cima dos Pilão, 8°51’47.10”S 42°33’26.96”W, MZSP 112411, 1 shell, MZSP 111842, 1 shell (R. Casati col, 2012).
Systematic remarks. The main character of the genus Beckianum is the narrow whorls in their height, producing a multispiral, narrow whorled, turriform shell. The examined specimens clearly possess these characters. As the genus has a single species— B. beckianum, from Mexico to São Paulo—(Simone, 2006, and references therein) there is that single species to identify. However, the examined specimens have a more developed axial sculpture and a protoconch with 1 more whorl if compared with the typical B. beckianum (Simone, 2006, fig. 685). Despite these differences, the description of a new species is considered premature.
The extraordinary distribution of B. beckianum is possibly an indicative of anthropic transportation, as well as that under this epithet may exist several similar-shelled species. Further studies are certainly necessary as normal for subulinids.
description: Published as part of Simone, Luiz Ricardo L. & Casati, Rafael, 2013, New land mollusk fauna from Serra da Capivara, Piauí, Brazil, with a new genus and five new species (Gastropoda: Orthalicoidea, Streptaxidae, Subulinidae), pp. 145-158 in Zootaxa 3683 (2) on pages 156-157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3683.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/218653
Punctoribates perlongus
Creators: name: Mahunka, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Punctoribatidae
Punctoribates
Punctoribates perlongus

description: [Punctoribates (?) perlongus Balogh]
As I have already mentioned, during these studies an extraordinary species belonging to this group was discovered (described by Balogh from Hungary in 1959). Originally this species was relegated to the genus Punctoribates with a query mark, thus: Punctoribates (?) perlongus. Later, Saldybina, (in her comprehensive work in Giljarov & Krivoluckij, 1975), accepted this species as a Punctoribates with "European" distribution, without making reference to more precise locality data. As far as I know definite and new distributional references may be found only in the work of Pérez-Ínigo (1993).
Apparently, he did not examine the species in more detail, since he makes no mention of certain striking characteristics, nor does he deal with a generic relegation of the species, leaving it in the genus Punctoribates.
On the occasion of the new appearance of this species, I examined the problem in detail, since in recent years much data have been published on the mycobatid-minunthozetid groups (see the introductory part and also the references of Mahunka, 2001). It was revealed that, on the basis of its most important features, (e.g. the divided nature of the posteromedian tectum of the notogaster, three pairs of notogastral areae porosae) the species cannot belong in Punctoribates Berlese, 1908. Indeed, since its combination of characteristics differs from all other known genera, the establishment of a new genus (Schweizerzetes gen. n.) would seem appropriate. The species was described by Balogh (1959) from the westernmost parts of Hungary (Felsömarác, Vas County) recovered from a Sphagnum bog. Its Swiss locality lies in a mountainous (1800 m) region, and the specimens were extracted from moss samples taken at the foot of a mountain. The present comparative examination and redescription are based on the holotype and the Swiss specimens.
description: Published as part of Mahunka, S., 2001, Oribatids from Switzerland IX (Acari: Oribatidae, Mycobatidae 2) (Acarologica Genavensia CI), pp. 129-138 in Archives des Sciences, Geneve 54 on page 129
Minunthozetinae
Creators: name: Mahunka, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: [Subfamily Minunthozetinae]
The two subfamilies of Minunthozetinae and Mycobatinae may readily be separated by the shape of their bothridia, and the development of the interbothridial region. In the subfamily Mycobatinae the bothridium projects from under the anterior tectum of the notogaster and bears well-developed marginal scales. The interlamellar setae on the surface of the prodorsum arise from a normal position. In the subfamily Minunthozetinae the bothridium is a simple cup-shape and the interlamellar setae are situated on a pair of interbothridial tubercles connected by a ridge. Other important characteristics as, for example, the divided or undivided nature of the posterior tectum of the notogaster may simultaneously occur in both subfamilies.
description: Published as part of Mahunka, S., 2001, Oribatids from Switzerland IX (Acari: Oribatidae, Mycobatidae 2) (Acarologica Genavensia CI), pp. 129-138 in Archives des Sciences, Geneve 54 on page 130
Paraphyllina
Creators: name: Gershwin, Lisa-Ann
name: Zeidler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Scyphozoa
Coronatae
Paraphyllinidae
Paraphyllina

description: Paraphyllina sp.
Material examined. AM G16042, east of Brush Island, NSW, 35° 36’S 150° 55’E, FRV Kapala, JP 77-13, 27.x.1977; female, 36.8 mm BD. AM G16026, same collection data as AM G16042, seven specimens (BD 21.5, 35.8, 33.6, 37.1, 26.5, 29.1 & 13.8 mm).
Remarks. This is the first record of a species of Paraphyllina from Australia. These specimens differ morphologically from forms previously described by Maas (1903) and Russell (1956a), and studied meticulously by Russell (1970). Periphyllina is characterized by W-shaped gonads and a dome-shaped central disk, as well as perradial rhopalia, separating it from Periphylla which has interradial rhopalia. Our identification of the New South Wales medusae as a species of Paraphyllina was based on the rhopalia being perradial; however, these specimens possess the following combination of atypical characters: male gonads were distinctly U-shaped, female gonads were tear-drop-shaped, the pigmented stomach region was distinctly conical, and all specimens possessed a conspicuous apical spire. Furthermore, phacellae were unusual, being cruciform along the attachment corners of the stomach. Phacellae are cruciform between attachment corners of the stomach in Periphylla, but triangular in the attachment corners of the stomach in Paraphyllina.
While our form seems to differ from those previously described, proper description requires comparative study with overseas types, as well as collection of fresh material, both beyond the scope of this paper.
description: Published as part of Gershwin, Lisa-Ann & Zeidler, Wolfgang, 2008, Some new and previously unrecorded Scyphomedusae (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) from southern Australian coastal waters, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1744 on page 3, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274217
Culicoides Latreille 1809
Creators: name: Nandi, Mou
name: Mazumdar, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Culicoides

description: Genus Culicoides Latreille, 1809: 251.
Type species: Culicoides punctatus Latreille (= Ceratopogon punctatus Meigen), by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Nandi, Mou & Mazumdar, Abhijit, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas of Culicoides Latreille from India with description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 465-474 in Zootaxa 3793 (4) on page 466, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3793.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226792
Ptiloneura Enderlein 1901
Creators: name: Cutrim, Marcelo
name: Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da
name: Rafael, José Albertino
name: García Aldrete, Alfonso Nery
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Ptiloneuridae
Ptiloneura

description: Genus Ptiloneura Enderlein, 1901
Ptiloneura Enderlein, 1901: 147 (original description). — Smithers 1972: 109 (taxonomy). — Wolda & Broadhead 1985: 523 (ecology). — Lienhard & Smithers 2002 (world catalogue). — Yoshizawa 2002: 371 (morphology). — García Aldrete et al. 2020: 293 (taxonomy, phylogeny).
TYPE SPECIES. — Ptiloneura bidorsalis Enderlein, 1901, by original designation.
DIAGNOSIS. — See Enderlein (1901: 147) and García Aldrete et al. (2020: 293).
description: Published as part of Cutrim, Marcelo, Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da, Rafael, José Albertino & García Aldrete, Alfonso Nery, 2022, The genus Ptiloneura Enderlein, 1901 (Psocodea, ' Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) in the Brazilian Amazon Forest and Atlantic Forest: new species, variations in forewings and a key to the species, pp. 493-501 in Zoosystema 44 (20) on page 494, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a20, http://zenodo.org/record/7304128
Ortalidina macalpinei
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina macalpinei

description: macalpinei (Cogan)
Toropamecia macalpinei Cogan, 1978: 236. Type locality: Chile, Malleco, Liucura. Holotype male, CNC (examined). References — Cogan, 1978: 231 (in key); Gaimari, 2012: 46 (nomenclature), 47 (Figure 19 [habitus, holotype male]). Ortalidina macalpinei. References — Gaimari, 2012: 46 (combination). Distribution — Chile. Región de La Araucanía: Malleco Province (Liucura). Host Records —None.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., González, Christian R. & Elgueta, Mario, 2024, A catalog of the Chamaemyiidae of Chile (Diptera: Lauxanioidea), pp. 555-569 in Zootaxa 5399 (5) on page 558, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/10517506
Periphylla
Creators: name: Gershwin, Lisa-Ann
name: Zeidler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Scyphozoa
Coronatae
Periphyllidae
Periphylla

description: Periphylla sp.
Material examined. WAM Z4668, North of Dampier, WA, 18° 30’S 116° 29’E to 18° 24’S 116° 29’E, midwater trawl to ca. 800 m, FRV Soela, coll. L. Marsh, 7.iv.1982; 12 specimens (BD 11.6–45.5 mm).
Remarks. This is the first record of the genus Periphylla in Australia. These specimens are similar in general morphology to a California form studied by the senior author. The bell is small, transparent, and conical, with a deeply red-pigmented stomach; the 12 tentacles occur in four groups of three between four interradial rhopalia. Currently most workers recognize only one species, P. periphylla, although many nominal species have been described in the past. A revision of the genus appears warranted but is beyond the scope of this paper.
description: Published as part of Gershwin, Lisa-Ann & Zeidler, Wolfgang, 2008, Some new and previously unrecorded Scyphomedusae (Cnidaria: Scyphozoa) from southern Australian coastal waters, pp. 1-18 in Zootaxa 1744 on page 4, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.274217
Neopronematus Panou, Emmanouel and Kazmierski 2000
Creators: name: Darbemamieh, Maryam
name: Hajiqanbar, Hamidreza
name: Khanjani, Mohammad
name: Kaźmierski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Iolinidae
Neopronematus

description: Genus Neopronematus Panou, Emmanouel and Kaźmierski, 2000
Diagnosis. Setae h2 and ps2 absent. Tarsus III and IV with five setae. Trochanter I and II each with one seta. For more on the genus diagnosis see Panou et al. (2000)
description: Published as part of Darbemamieh, Maryam, Hajiqanbar, Hamidreza, Khanjani, Mohammad & Kaźmierski, Andrzej, 2015, New species and records of Neopronematus (Acari: Iolinidae) from Iran with a key to world species, pp. 235-246 in Zootaxa 3990 (2) on page 236, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3990.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/232548
Ortalidina reducta
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Ortalidina
Ortalidina reducta

description: reducta (Cogan)
Toropamecia reducta Cogan, 1978: 236. Type locality: Chile, Malleco, 1500 m. Holotype male, CNC (examined). References — Cogan, 1978: 231 (in key); Gaimari, 2012: 48 (Figure 23 [habitus, holotype male]), 49 (nomenclature). Ortalidina reducta. References — Gaimari, 2012: 49 (combination). Distribution — Chile. Región de La Araucanía: Malleco Province (Curacautín, Río Blanco). Host Records —None.
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., González, Christian R. & Elgueta, Mario, 2024, A catalog of the Chamaemyiidae of Chile (Diptera: Lauxanioidea), pp. 555-569 in Zootaxa 5399 (5) on page 559, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/10517506
Echinoleucopis Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk 2001
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Echinoleucopis

description: Genus ECHINOLEUCOPIS Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk
ECHINOLEUCOPIS Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk, 2001: 313. Type-species: Leucopina ceroplastophaga Blanchard, 1938: 360 (original designation). References — Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk, 2001: 313 (in key), 316 (key to species); Tanasijtshuk, 2003: 168 (distribution), 169 (classification), 170 (Figure 1 [cladogram]), 174 (comment); Gaimari, 2010: 1000 (biology), 1001 (morphology), 1003 (in key), 2012: 42 (comment), 2021: 1783 (morphology); Ross et al., 2012: 98 (biology); Gaimari & Havill, 2021: 27 (in key).
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., González, Christian R. & Elgueta, Mario, 2024, A catalog of the Chamaemyiidae of Chile (Diptera: Lauxanioidea), pp. 555-569 in Zootaxa 5399 (5) on page 559, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/10517506
Culicoides clavipalpis Nandi & Mazumdar, 2014, sp. n.
Creators: name: Nandi, Mou
name: Mazumdar, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Culicoides
Culicoides clavipalpis

description: Clavipalpis Group
Female. Eyes contiguous to narrowly separated, bare or hairy. Antenna with SCo restricted to proximal flagellomeres and absent in 9–13. Hind tibial comb with 4 spines. Wing with pale spot over r-m cross vein often centred distal to the cross vein, a small round pale spot usually at extreme apex of cell r3, variable in shape, usually diagnostic for species without any pale spot between it and distal poststigmatic spots, cell m2 always with pale spot lying in front of Cu fork straddling on veins M1 and M2 often vary in species, distal pale spots in cells m1 and m2 not reaching the wing margin (except for notatus), anal cell with pale basal and a distal, transverse, somewhat double or medially constricted pale spot; macrotrichia sparse almost all over the wing and mostly arranged in lines on distal part of the wing.
Male. Aedeagus often with sclerotized lateral process, aedeagal stem parallel-sided and channel-like (tapered and sharp-pointed in similis) distally, parameres each with rounded basal knob, stem slender with more or less developed ventral lobe and fan-like distal expansion of parameres with lateral spines.
Species included. C. causeyi Majumdar & Das Gupta C. clavipalpis Mukerji, C. distinctus Sen & Das Gupta, C. huffi Causey, C. mukerjii Majumdar & Das Gupta, C. similis Carter, Ingram & Macfie, C. soleamaculatus sp. n.
Culicoides causeyi Majumdar & Das Gupta (PLATE 1A1–A3)
Culicoides causeyi Majumdar & Das Gupta, In Gangopadhyay & Das Gupta, 1998: 127.
Materials examined. 2♀, 1♂, West Bengal, Kalyani, 22.9750° N, 88.4344°E, 23 April 2006, Coll. U. Majumdar.
Diagnosis (Modified after Gangopadhyay & Das Gupta, 1998). This species may be diagnosed by the following combination of characters: Females with bare, almost touching eyes, SCo on flagellomeres 1,3,5–8; maxillary palpus with shallow and large sensory pit; wing from the pale spot just below of it, touching the vein M1, pale spot distal to anal cell medially constricted. Males without lateral processes on aedeagus and notched at tip, fan-like expansion of parameres bearing 6 lateral spines.
description: Published as part of Nandi, Mou & Mazumdar, Abhijit, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas of Culicoides Latreille from India with description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 465-474 in Zootaxa 3793 (4) on pages 466-467, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3793.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226792
Ptiloneura baiana
Creators: name: Cutrim, Marcelo
name: Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da
name: Rafael, José Albertino
name: García Aldrete, Alfonso Nery
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Psocodea
Ptiloneuridae
Ptiloneura
Ptiloneura baiana

description: Ptiloneura baiana (Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, 2018)
(Fig. 3)
Loneuroides baianus Silva-Neto, García Aldrete & Rafael, 2018a: 2, figs 1-8 (original description).
Ptiloneura baianus – García Aldrete et al. 2020: 2 (phylogeny and taxonomy). — González Obando et al. 2020: 2 (taxonomy).
Ptiloneura baiana – Silva-Neto & García Aldrete 2020: 4 (checklist and nomenclatural amendment). — Silva-Neto et al. 2021: 45, figs 1-11 (taxonomy).
MATERIAL EXAMINED. — Brazil • 1 ♂; Bahia, Camacan, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita; 15°25’06”S, 39°28’58”W; light trap; 15.II.2013; Calor & Gomes leg.; MNRJ • 1 ♀; same data as for the male; MNRJ.
GEOGRAPHICAL RECORDS. — Known only from the type locality, Brazil, Bahia state, Camacan city, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita, on Atlantic Forest in northeastern Brazil.
VARIATION. — It is the first record of this species with a variation in the forewing venation in which the stem of the vein M has six primary branches and a crossvein between vein A2 and wing margin on the right and left forewings (Fig. 3D, E). Also is the first record of a spur vein before the above mentioned crossvein, only in the right forewing (Fig. 3D).
description: Published as part of Cutrim, Marcelo, Silva-Neto, Alberto Moreira da, Rafael, José Albertino & García Aldrete, Alfonso Nery, 2022, The genus Ptiloneura Enderlein, 1901 (Psocodea, ' Psocoptera', Ptiloneuridae) in the Brazilian Amazon Forest and Atlantic Forest: new species, variations in forewings and a key to the species, pp. 493-501 in Zoosystema 44 (20) on page 498, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a20, http://zenodo.org/record/7304128
Culicoides clavipalpis Mukerji
Creators: name: Nandi, Mou
name: Mazumdar, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Culicoides
Culicoides clavipalpis

description: Culicoides clavipalpis Mukerji
(PLATE 1B1–B3)
Culicoides clavipalpis Mukerji, 1931: 1052; Causey, 1938: 405; Sen & Das Gupta, 1959: 620; Delfinado, 1961: 641; Lee, 1978: 40; Howarth, 1985: 81; Wirth & Hubert, 1989: 368; Yu et al., 2005: 917; Dyce et al., 2007: 34.
Materials examined. 1♀, West Bengal, Dum Dum, 22.6200 N, 88.4200 E, 24 August 1967, Coll. S.K. Das Gupta; 4♂, 12♀, West Bengal, Habra, 22.8300 N, 88.6300 E, 2 May 1998, Coll. P.K. Chaudhuri.
Diagnosis (Modified after Wirth & Hubert, 1989). This species may be distinguished by the following combination of characters like, bare, contiguous eyes; SCo on flagellomeres 1,6–8; trilobed proximal poststigmatic spot on wing, cell m1 with two distinct pale spots, very narrow distal pale spot on cell cua1. Males with aedeagus having two lateral arms and channel like distal stalk, short apicolateral processes, parameres with fan-like expansion bearing 4–5 lateral spines.
description: Published as part of Nandi, Mou & Mazumdar, Abhijit, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas of Culicoides Latreille from India with description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 465-474 in Zootaxa 3793 (4) on page 467, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3793.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226792
Culicoides distinctus Sen & Das Gupta
Creators: name: Nandi, Mou
name: Mazumdar, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Culicoides
Culicoides distinctus

description: Culicoides distinctus Sen & Das Gupta
(PLATE 1C1–C3)
Culicoides distinctus Sen & Das Gupta, 1959: 618; Wirth & Hubert, 1989: 370.
Materials examined. Paratypes 1♂, 1♀, Dum Dum, August 1957, Coll. S.K. Das Gupta; 1♀, Dum Dum, 11 July 2000, Coll. U. Majumdar.
Diagnosis (Modified after Wirth & Hubert, 1989). This species may be diagnosed by the following combination of characters like, SCo present on flagellomeres 1,5–8; proximal poststigmatic pale spot bilobed, posterior lobe almost straight towards vein M1, cell m1 with a single distal pale spot. Males with aedeagus having lateral processes, tergum IX with moderately long apicolateral process, parameres with low ventral lobes and distal fan-like expansion bearing 5 lateral spines.
description: Published as part of Nandi, Mou & Mazumdar, Abhijit, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas of Culicoides Latreille from India with description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 465-474 in Zootaxa 3793 (4) on page 467, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3793.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226792
Synaptida Cuenot 1891
Creators: name: Davey, Nicola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Synaptida

description: Order Synaptida Cuénot, 1891
Diagnosis. (Smirnov, 2012) As for subclass Synaptacea Cuénot, 1891.
“Usually worm-like Holothuroidea. Tentacles peltato-digitate, digitate, pinnate, or can be secondarily simplified, simple or forked. Radial canals absent; tubefeet and anal papillae absent; canals of tentacles extending from the ambulacral ring; ampullae of tentacles are not free hanging into the body cavity. No radial hemal canals. Ring muscles not interrupted by radial muscle bands. The suborder Synaptina has organs of balance (5 pairs of statocysts) in places where radial nerves extend from the neural ring. Topographically, the primary tentacles are arranged in the way that they were initially connected with the following now missing radial canals: two with medioventral, two with the left dorsal, and one–with the right dorsal. The stone canal is attached to the body wall and opens externally or terminates in the body wall or opens into the body cavity. Respiratory trees absent. The mesentery supporting the posterior loop of the intestine is attached to the body wall in the right ventral interradius. Longitudinal muscle bands are undivided. The calcareous ring is stout. The radial and interradial segments are usually similar in shape and size. Radial segments of the ring in their upper (anterior) part have a perforation for a nerve, or sometimes it is secondarily not closed on the top and is in a shape of notch (in paedomorphic species, the segments are simple, without an anterior projection, while the radial segments do not have a perforation, or a noch for passage of the nerve). Ossicles: myritrochid or chyridotid wheels, sigmoids, anchors and anchor plates. There are no tables.”
Figure 1A–D, Table 1.
Remarks. A recent review by Smirnov (2012) into the system of class Holothuroidea resulted in changes including four new subclasses and associated orders. The order Synaptida replaces what was previously known as Apodida Brandt, 1835 and it contains the two suborders Myriotrochina Smirnov, 1998 and Synaptina Smirnov, 1998. Paradota belongs in the latter suborder and the Family Chiridotidae Østergren, 1898.
description: Published as part of Davey, Nicola, 2014, First record of genus Paradota Ludwig & Heding in New Zealand waters and description of a new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Synaptida), pp. 1-4 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 72 on page 2, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2014.72.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8071592
Feiderzetes latus
Creators: name: Mahunka, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Punctoribatidae
Feiderzetes
Feiderzetes latus

description: Feiderzetes latus (Schweizer, 1956)
(Figs 10-11)
Punctoribates (Minunthozetes) latus Schweizer, 1956: 321, fig. 276.
Allozetes latus Feider, Vasiliu & Calugar, 1971: 299, figs 1-3.
Feiderzetes latus Subías, 1977: 261.
Feiderizetes [sic!] latus Balogh & Balogh, 1992: 225, figs 292: A-B.
Material examined: Switzerland: GR-12: the Grisons: Val Poschiavo (=Puschlav), above Cavajone, mosses at base of rocks, 2050-2100m; 18.VII.1984; leg. C. Besuchet - (89);
TI-9: Ticino: Nufenen pass, leaf litter and rotten wood in larch forest; 15.VI.1979; leg. S. Mahunka & L. Mahunka-Papp - (18).
Introduction: A rare species, probably favouring biotopes at high altitudes. It was found in samples only once in low numbers. Feider et al. (1971) prepared a redescription of the species originating from the Carpathian Mountains prior to the present relegation of the species. On the basis of this redescription Balogh & Balogh (1992) included this species in their identification book.
Remarks: Unfortunately, the figures in Balogh & Balogh (1992) are charged with some errors, thus, e.g. the pteromorpha, whose short desclerotization line on the Swiss specimens is clearly observable. Furthermore, the ventral side also lacks some details, since pedotecta I are not sharp, nor auricular, but rounded; pedocteta II, the custodium and the discidium are well developed, clearly seen. The robust, outward bending custodium reaches the anterior margin of pedotecta II. The tiny setae 3c and 4c are present. One genital plate bears 5 setae and the other 6. The posterior median mentum of notogaster is undivided, reaching well over the ventral plate as far as the posterior margin of the anal plate. All legs monodactylous. The tibia of leg I bearing a solenidion on its surface. Solenidion phi1 far behind phi2. The anterodorsal apophysis on the tibia of leg II is extraordinarily large. If further specimens are found a new redescription will be needed.
description: Published as part of Mahunka, S., 2001, Oribatids from Switzerland IX (Acari: Oribatidae, Mycobatidae 2) (Acarologica Genavensia CI), pp. 129-138 in Archives des Sciences, Geneve 54 on pages 134-136
Afidentula manderstjernae subsp. bahraini Tomaszewska & Szawaryn, 2013, ssp. nov.
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, Wioletta
name: Szawaryn, Karol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Afidentula
Afidentula manderstjernae
Afidentula manderstjernae bahraini

description: Afidentula manderstjernae bahraini ssp. nov.
(Figs. 41–46, 175)
Diagnosis. Very similar to the nominotypical form but has the body larger and slightly more elongate. The female genitalia (Figs. 44, 45) should be consulted for proper identification.
Description. Length 3.96 mm; TL/EW = 1.4; PL/PW = 0.42; EL/EW = 1.04; EW/PW = 1.62.
Head, mouthparts, prosternum, mesoventrite and legs reddish-brown, metaventrite black. Pronotum brown, with black macula antero-medially; elytron brown with six large black spots arranged as 2–3–1, with apical spot transverse. Abdomen reddish-brown with black median part.
Abdomen with apical margin of female ventrite 5 weakly sinuate (Fig. 41). Female sternite and tergite VIII rounded (Figs. 42, 43).
Female genitalia (Figs. 44, 45). Proctiger (TX) weakly emarginate apically (Figs. 45, 46); coxites elongateoval. Spermatheca small, membranous, vermiform with small sclerotized appendix at apex; outlet of accessory gland distant from sperm duct.
Male not known.
Type material. Holotype, female: “ Bahrain 10.VIII.78 / C.P.B.C. EPi-8/78- 48-I / C.I.E. COLL. A. 10656/ Pres by Comm Inst Ent B.M. 1977-1/ Z613/ Afidentula manderstjernae (Ms.) det. E.A.J. Duffy 1978/ Adult on Zea mays ” (BMNH).
Etymology. The name is derived from the type locality of this subspecies.
Distribution. Bahrain.
Host plant: Zea mays L. (Poaceae).
description: Published as part of Tomaszewska, Wioletta & Szawaryn, Karol, 2013, Revision of the Asian species of Afidentula Kapur, 1958 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) in Zootaxa 3608 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3608.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/219699
Neocentrophyidae Higgins 1969
Creators: name: González-Casarrubios, Alberto
name: Arbizu, Pedro Martínez
name: Sánchez, Nuria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Kinorhyncha
Allomalorhagida
Anomoirhaga
Neocentrophyidae

description: Family Neocentrophyidae Higgins, 1969.
Emended diagnosis
Neocentrophyidae, emended diagnosis.
Allomalorhagida with sternal plate on first trunk segment undivided or with partial divisions at the anteriormost region of the plate; remaining trunk segments with one tergal and two sternal plates, except for the terminal segment, consisting of a tergal and a single sternal plate. Articulated rigid lateral terminal spines on segment 11 present or absent; non-articulated middorsal spinose processes on segments 1–9 in both sexes; middorsal spine on the last two segments present or absent, commonly flexible and soft in males, otherwise with middorsal spinose processes; non-articulated midlateral spinose processes on segments 1–9; processes may be absent or present on segments 10 and 11; long and flexible penile spines of males on segments 10 and 11 present or absent; pachycycli, peg and socket joints, and apodemes absent or not well developed; seven placids: four dorsal and three ventral; fourteen trichoscalids (7 dorsal and 7 ventral) present, but trichoscalid plates absent; four short, thin, non-articulated outer oral styles and five longer articulated ones, composed of two units.
description: Published as part of González-Casarrubios, Alberto, Arbizu, Pedro Martínez & Sánchez, Nuria, 2023, Mixtophyes toothlessi sp. n., a new Kinorhyncha species (Anomoirhaga: Neocentrophyidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, with a revision of terminology and taxonomic features of the family, pp. 149-160 in Zootaxa 5285 (1) on page 151, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5285.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7935918
Mixtophyes Sanchez 2014
Creators: name: González-Casarrubios, Alberto
name: Arbizu, Pedro Martínez
name: Sánchez, Nuria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Kinorhyncha
Allomalorhagida
Anomoirhaga
Neocentrophyidae
Mixtophyes

description: Genus Mixtophyes Sánchez et al., 2014
Mixtophyes, emended diagnosis.
Neocentrophyidae with a single sternal plate on the first trunk segment, without subdivision in its anterior region; pairs of rigid lateral terminal spines on segment 11 in both sexes; middorsal spines, when present, flexible and soft in appearance.
description: Published as part of González-Casarrubios, Alberto, Arbizu, Pedro Martínez & Sánchez, Nuria, 2023, Mixtophyes toothlessi sp. n., a new Kinorhyncha species (Anomoirhaga: Neocentrophyidae) from the Clarion-Clipperton Zone, with a revision of terminology and taxonomic features of the family, pp. 149-160 in Zootaxa 5285 (1) on page 151, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5285.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7935918
Minunthozetinae
Creators: name: Mahunka, S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A KEY TO THE GENERA OF MINUNTHOZETINAE
1 (6) Posterior median tectum of notogaster divided in the middle, the two lobes overlapping.
2 (3) Lamellae far removed from each other, placed marginally. Translamella missing.................................... Alpizetes Mahunka, 2001
3 (2) Lamellae close to each other, placed medially. Translamella present.
4 (5) Notogaster with four pairs of areae porosae. Interlamellar setae removed from each other, placed close to lamellae ........................ Zachvatkinibates Saldybina, 1973
5 (4) Notogaster with three pairs of areae porosae. Interlamellar setae placed medially, close to each other...................... Schweizerzetes gen. n.
6 (1) Posterior median tectum intact, undivided in the middle.
7 (14) Anterior tectum of mentum elongate, galumnoid type.
8 (9) Lamellae far removed from each other, placed marginally. Translamella missing..................................... Feiderzetes Subías, 1977
9 (8) Lamellae close to each other, placed medially. Translamella present.
10 (13) Interlamellar setae long, reaching rostral apex.
11 (12) Notogaster with normal areae porosae.......... Punctoribates Berlese, 1908
12 (11) Notogaster with modified areae porosae, or with sacculi ................................... Semipunctoribates Mahunka, 1987
13 (10) Interlamellar setae short, reaching only to level of translamella ..................................... Minunthozetes C. L. Koch, 1835
14 (7) Anterior tectum of mentum normal, ceratozetoid type ............................................. Ellipsozetes Bernini, 1980
The following three genera most likely belong to this subfamily, but their placing in the above key, in the absence of knowledge of some fundamentally important characteristics, is as yet impossible.
Eupunctoribates Hammer, 1977
Minguezetes Subías, Kahwash & Ruiz, 1990
Pelopsis Hull, 1911
description: Published as part of Mahunka, S., 2001, Oribatids from Switzerland IX (Acari: Oribatidae, Mycobatidae 2) (Acarologica Genavensia CI), pp. 129-138 in Archives des Sciences, Geneve 54 on pages 136-137
Echinoleucopis nigrolinea Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk 2001
Creators: name: Gaimari, Stephen D.
name: González, Christian R.
name: Elgueta, Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Chamaemyiidae
Echinoleucopis
Echinoleucopis nigrolinea

description: nigrolinea Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk
Echinoleucopis nigrolinea Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk, 2001: 325. Type locality: Chile, La Cruz, Valp[araís]o. Holotype male, CNC (examined). References — Gaimari & Tanasijtshuk, 2001: 314 (Figure 1H [abdomen], 316 (in key), 323 (Figure 11A–E [male genitalia], 11F–G [female terminalia], 326 (biology, Figure 12 [cladogram]); Cooper et al., 2003: 10 (type data). Distribution — Chile. Región de Coquimbo: Elqui Province (Vicuña). Región de Valparaíso: Quillota Province (La Cruz), Valparaíso Province (Valparaíso). Región Metropolitana de Santiago: Santiago Province (Quebrada de la Plata). Host Records — Ceroplastes ceriferus infesting Baccharis rosmarinifolia (Gaimari & Tanasijtsuk 2001).
description: Published as part of Gaimari, Stephen D., González, Christian R. & Elgueta, Mario, 2024, A catalog of the Chamaemyiidae of Chile (Diptera: Lauxanioidea), pp. 555-569 in Zootaxa 5399 (5) on page 559, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5399.5.5, http://zenodo.org/record/10517506
Culicoides huffi Causey
Creators: name: Nandi, Mou
name: Mazumdar, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Culicoides
Culicoides huffi

description: Culicoides huffi Causey
(PLATE 1D1–D3)
Culicoides huffi Causey, 1938: 406; Delfinado, 1961: 644; Lee, 1978: 54; Howarth, 1985: 82; Wirth & Hubert, 1989: 372; Gangopadhyay & Das Gupta, 1998: 129.
Materials examined. 2♀, 2♂, Habra, 28 August 1999, Coll. P.K. Chaudhuri.
Diagnosis (Modified after Wirth & Hubert, 1989). This species can be diagnosed by the following combination of characters like, bare, narrowly separated eyes; SCo on flagellomeres 1,3,5–8, proximal poststigmatic pale spot separated from the pale spot crossing the vein M1, anal cell with medially constricted distal pale spot, posterior lobe being large and broadly touching the margin. Males with aedeagus without any lateral process, parameres with low ventral lobes and fan-like expansion of parameres bearing 9 lateral spines.
description: Published as part of Nandi, Mou & Mazumdar, Abhijit, 2014, Revision of the subgenus Diphaomyia Vargas of Culicoides Latreille from India with description of a new species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), pp. 465-474 in Zootaxa 3793 (4) on pages 467-468, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3793.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/226792
Neopronematus solani Laniecka and Kazmierski 2013
Creators: name: Darbemamieh, Maryam
name: Hajiqanbar, Hamidreza
name: Khanjani, Mohammad
name: Kaźmierski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Actinedida
Iolinidae
Neopronematus
Neopronematus solani

description: Neopronematus solani Łaniecka and Kaźmierski, 2013
Material examined. Iran, Kermanshah, Sahneh, Cherry leaf, 15. 0 7. 2012, 34̊29̍56̎N, 47̊41̍12̎E, H: 1384 m. M. Darbemamieh, 1♀.
Measurements. Stiletto (16) longer than palp tarsus (12), palp tarsus width: 6, ag4 (12) longer than ag1 (9), tectal setae on leg I longer than tarsus. Tarsus I length: 22.5, width: 10.5, f2 (26–27)> ps1 (20).
Remarks. Darbemamieh et al. (2014b) also collected one female of N. solani from Songhor (34̊46̍N, 47̊35̍E) on August 10, 2013 on potato leaves, representing the first record of this mite from Iran. Meanwhile, our new specimen collected from cherry leaves in Sahneh shows some morphological variance in comparison with holotype collected from Hungary and the specimen collected from potato leaves in Songhor. In the N. solani holotype (Fig. 6 - left, borrowed from the Ripka collection) there is only a small projection at the base of the empodia that cannot be considered as a hook, which was not mentioned in the original description of this species. This projection is much smaller than the empodial hook visible in our N. solani specimen from Sahneh (Fig. 6 - right). The claws seem delicately rough in both Iranian specimens and borrowed holotype, which was not mentioned in description of N. solani.
description: Published as part of Darbemamieh, Maryam, Hajiqanbar, Hamidreza, Khanjani, Mohammad & Kaźmierski, Andrzej, 2015, New species and records of Neopronematus (Acari: Iolinidae) from Iran with a key to world species, pp. 235-246 in Zootaxa 3990 (2) on page 243, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3990.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/232548
Afidentula manderstjerane subsp. bhutani Tomaszewska & Szawaryn, 2013, ssp. nov.
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, Wioletta
name: Szawaryn, Karol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Afidentula
Afidentula manderstjerane
Afidentula manderstjerane bhutani

description: Afidentula manderstjerane bhutani ssp. nov.
(Figs. 47–56, 172)
Diagnosis. Differs from the nominotypical form in having median tooth of mandible provided with a few very small denticles and the pronotum without black macula, but can be identified without a doubt only by comparison of the male genitalia (Figs. 49–52).
Description. Length 3.68 mm; TL/EW = 1.24; PL/PW = 0.42; EL/EW = 1.04; EW/PW = 1.64.
Pronotum light brown, darker medially; each elytron with six small brown spots arranged as 2–3–1, with apical spot weakly transverse. Meso and metaventrite brown. Abdomen light brown.
Antenna with antennomere 3 longer than antennomeres 4–6 together; antennomere 4 subquadrate, antennomere 5 longer than wide and longer than 4; antennomeres 6 and 7 subquadrate and 8 transverse. Mandibles three-dentate; median tooth with a few additional very small denticles.
Prosternal process (Fig. 47) subtruncate apically; about 1.65 times wider than prosternum in front of procoxae in narrowest place. Metaventrite (Fig. 47) without distinct groove behind raised border of intercoxal process.
Abdomen and male abdominal ventrite 6, and tergite VIII as in Figs. 48, 53, 54.
Male terminalia and genitalia (Figs. 49–52, 55, 56). Tergite IX not divided dorsally. Apodeme of sternite IX long and thin, about 2.5 times as long as width of tergite X. Tergite X arcuate at apex. Penis guide in lateral view broadest along basal third, apical ½ distinctly narrower, apex pointed and slightly curved outwardly; parameres shorter than penis guide. Penis thin with apical part submembranous, curved outwardly, somewhat pointed.
Female not known.
Type material. Holotype, male: “ Bhutan: Samchi, 300 m, 7-11.5., Nat.-Hist. Museum Basel—Bhutan Expedition 1972/ Afidentula manderstjernae (Muls.) det. R. Bielawski 1978” (MIZ).
Etymology. The name is derived after the type locality of this subspecies. Distribution. Bhutan.
description: Published as part of Tomaszewska, Wioletta & Szawaryn, Karol, 2013, Revision of the Asian species of Afidentula Kapur, 1958 (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae: Epilachnini) in Zootaxa 3608 (1), DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3608.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/219699
Chiridotidae Ostergren 1898
Creators: name: Davey, Nicola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Holothuroidea
Apodida
Chiridotidae

description: Family Chiridotidae Østergren, 1898
Diagnosis (Smirnov, 2012). “ Synaptina with 10, 12 or 18 peltato_digitate, pinnate, or secondarily simple tentacles with forked terminations. Ossicles: chiridotid wheels and/or sigmoids. Chiridotid wheels with six spokes, numerous small denticles on the inner rim and complex hub. The lower side of each spoke branches toward lower side of the egg-shaped hub to form a star-shaped structure in the centre. The tentacles and the body wall also contain rod-like ossicles with branching ends.”
description: Published as part of Davey, Nicola, 2014, First record of genus Paradota Ludwig & Heding in New Zealand waters and description of a new species (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Synaptida), pp. 1-4 in Memoirs of Museum Victoria 72 on page 2, DOI: 10.24199/j.mmv.2014.72.01, http://zenodo.org/record/8071592
Axiidae Huxley 1879
Creators: name: Poore, Gary C. B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Axiidae

description: Axiidae Huxley, 1879
Axiidae Huxley, 1879: 785.— Poore & Collins 2009: 222 (diagnosis, synonymy). Calocarididae Ortmann, 1891: 47.
Eiconaxiidae Sakai & Ohta, 2005: 69.
Eiconaxiopsididae Sakai, 2011: 289 –291.
Remarks. The family Axiidae sensu lato was diagnosed by Sakai & de Saint Laurent (1989), Poore (1994) and Poore & Collins (2009). The last paper argued the synonymy of Calocarididae Ortmann, 1891 and Eiconaxiidae Sakai & Ohta, 2005 based on cladistic and molecular analyses. Eiconaxius Spence Bate, 1888 was shown to share several characters with Platyaxius Sakai, 1994 making Eiconaxiidae hard to justify. Tsang et al. (2008) found Axiidae paraphyletic with respect to these two families, but based their finding on few taxa. Komai & Tsuchida (2012) synonymised Eiconaxiopsis Sakai, 2011 with Eiconaxius and Eiconaxiopsididae Sakai, 2011 with Axiidae arguing that they are paraphyletic taxa. Unfortunately, they failed to realise that both were based in part on an observational error.
description: Published as part of Poore, Gary C. B., 2017, Synonymy and problematic species of Eiconaxius Spence Bate, 1888, with descriptions of new species (Crustacea: Decapoda: Axiidea: Axiidae), pp. 364-376 in Zootaxa 4231 (3) on page 364, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4231.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/291302