cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Learning Informative Representation for Fairness-aware Multivariate Time-series Forecasting: A Group-based Perspective
Creators: name: He, Hui
name: Zhang, Qi
name: Wang, Shoujin
name: Yi, Kun
name: Niu, Zhendong
name: Cao, Longbing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: I.2.6
subject: 68Txx

description: Performance unfairness among variables widely exists in multivariate time series (MTS) forecasting models since such models may attend/bias to certain (advantaged) variables. Addressing this unfairness problem is important for equally attending to all variables and avoiding vulnerable model biases/risks. However, fair MTS forecasting is challenging and has been less studied in the literature. To bridge such significant gap, we formulate the fairness modeling problem as learning informative representations attending to both advantaged and disadvantaged variables. Accordingly, we propose a novel framework, named FairFor, for fairness-aware MTS forecasting. FairFor is based on adversarial learning to generate both group-independent and group-relevant representations for the downstream forecasting. The framework first leverages a spectral relaxation of the K-means objective to infer variable correlations and thus to group variables. Then, it utilizes a filtering&fusion component to filter the group-relevant information and generate group-independent representations via orthogonality regularization. The group-independent and group-relevant representations form highly informative representations, facilitating to sharing knowledge from advantaged variables to disadvantaged variables to guarantee fairness. Extensive experiments on four public datasets demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed FairFor for fair forecasting and significant performance improvement.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, accepted by IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering (TKDE)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 155.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 22.07.2012, 09:30, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
title: Backscattering ambient signals: Assisting radios and tracking planes
title: Οπισθοσκέδαση προϋπάρχοντων σημάτων για την υποβοήθηση τηλεπικοινωνιακών ζεύξεων και την εκτίμηση πορείας αεροσκαφών
Creators: name: Βαρδακης Ιωσηφ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2022

description: This work’s main objective was to exploit ambient signal backscattering to aid radio communication, through a smart reflective surface or detect airplane reflections using a passive radar system.
First, ultra-low cost, commodity, radio frequency identification (RFID) tags are utilized as elements of a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS). Such batteryless tags are powered and controlled by a software-defined radio (SDR) reader, with properly modified software, so that a source-destination link is assisted, operating at a different band. Signal model includes small-scale and large-scale fading, direct link, as well as specific parameters relevant to reflection (i.e., backscatter) radio, such as antenna structural mode and reflection efficiency, typically overlooked in the literature. An algorithm is offered that computes the optimal RIS configuration with complexity of O(M log M) in number of elements M, instead of intractable exponential complexity of exhaustive search, while accommodating any number K ≥ 2 of loads. With the proposed algorithm, it is shown that performance gains reach a plateau for constant element spacing and increasing number of elements, suggesting that the weak, passive nature of backscattered links limits the performance gains, even with perfect channel estimation. A concrete way is offered to design and prototype a wireless, batteryless, RF-powered, reconfigurable surface and a proof-of-concept is experimentally demonstrated.
Then, an FM passive radar station capable of tracking airplanes in Cartesian 3D coordinates was developed. The station was constructed using a low-cost SDR, based on the LimeSDR USB platform; the latter is a relatively low-cost SDR, in the order of 300$. The station is complemented with a 5-element Yagi antenna for observation and another 3-element Yagi antenna, for observing the FM radio broadcasting stations. Signals from different FM broadcasting stations were collected and amplitude-range-Doppler(ARD) plots were created. Then, a bistatic tracker was designed for each broadcasting station, estimating the bistatic range and Doppler shift from each ARD plot. Finally, the estimated range Doppler frequency shift pairs from each station were fed as input to the Cartesian tracker, which was designed to offer 3D tracking. Simulation results showed an error below 100m in each direction. The system exploits space diversity, due to the multiple spatially separated broadcasting stations required as input, and frequency diversity, due to processing of multiple frequency bands of interest. The system is scalable, since increasing the number of broadcasting stations utilized requires no change in the processing chain. Experimental results with the low-cost LimeSDR platform corroborate theoretical findings and demonstrate the utility of this work, as a testbed for further research and development.
Gemini Planet Imager Observational Calibrations II: Detector Performance and Calibration
Creators: name: Ingraham, Patrick
name: Perrin, Marshall D.
name: Sadakuni, Naru
name: Ruffio, Jean-Baptiste
name: Maire, Jerome
name: Chilcote, Jeff
name: Larkin, James
name: Marchis, Franck
name: Galicher, Raphael
name: Weiss, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gemini Planet Imager is a newly commissioned facility instrument designed to measure the near-infrared spectra of young extrasolar planets in the solar neighborhood and obtain imaging polarimetry of circumstellar disks. GPI's science instrument is an integral field spectrograph that utilizes a HAWAII-2RG detector with a SIDECAR ASIC readout system. This paper describes the detector characterization and calibrations performed by the GPI Data Reduction Pipeline to compensate for effects including bad/hot/cold pixels, persistence, non-linearity, vibration induced microphonics and correlated read noise.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Proceedings of the SPIE, 9147-286
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.01.2012, 10:00, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Quantum Ridgelet Transform: Winning Lottery Ticket of Neural Networks with Quantum Computation
Creators: name: Yamasaki, Hayata
name: Subramanian, Sathyawageeswar
name: Hayakawa, Satoshi
name: Sonoda, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A significant challenge in the field of quantum machine learning (QML) is to establish applications of quantum computation to accelerate common tasks in machine learning such as those for neural networks. Ridgelet transform has been a fundamental mathematical tool in the theoretical studies of neural networks, but the practical applicability of ridgelet transform to conducting learning tasks was limited since its numerical implementation by conventional classical computation requires an exponential runtime $\exp(O(D))$ as data dimension $D$ increases. To address this problem, we develop a quantum ridgelet transform (QRT), which implements the ridgelet transform of a quantum state within a linear runtime $O(D)$ of quantum computation. As an application, we also show that one can use QRT as a fundamental subroutine for QML to efficiently find a sparse trainable subnetwork of large shallow wide neural networks without conducting large-scale optimization of the original network. This application discovers an efficient way in this regime to demonstrate the lottery ticket hypothesis on finding such a sparse trainable neural network. These results open an avenue of QML for accelerating learning tasks with commonly used classical neural networks.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
title: Erzählerische Manipulation der Wahrnehmung von jugendlichen Protagonistinnen
title: Eine Analyse von Popliteratur der Gegenwart
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Tuffaha, Aya
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Jugendbücher
subject: Fantasy-Literatur
subject: Problematische Geschlechterrollen
subject: 800 Literatur::830 Deutsche und verwandte Literaturen::833 Deutsche Erzählprosa

description: Aufgrund der nicht abnehmenden Popularität von zeitgenössischen Jugendromanen, insbesondere aus dem Fantasy-Genre, ist es nicht unerheblich, wenn diese Art der Literatur, die speziell für eine sehr junge und daher leicht beeinflussbare Zielgruppe vorgesehen ist, problematische Aspekte und Verhaltensweisen aufweist, die das Lesepublikum in seiner Wahrnehmung der zelebrierten, oft allerdings nur scheinbar starken, kompetenten Protagonistin manipulieren. Das geschieht, wenn diese Inhalte nicht als problematisch kenntlich gemacht, sondern romantisiert und verherrlicht werden, was auch die Leserschaft dazu verleitet, sie als tolerabel und wünschenswert aufzufassen und gerade in Bezug auf romantische Beziehungen im realen Leben mitunter nicht als die Warnsignale zu registrieren, die sie darstellen. Die vorliegende Masterarbeit beschäftigt sich daher damit, solche Aspekte und Verhaltensweisen im Rahmen von drei prominenten Kontexten (die Verharmlosung des aggressiven männlichen Gegenparts zugunsten der Liebesbeziehung; die Abwertung anderer weiblicher Figuren zugunsten der Protagonistin; die Herabsetzung, Stereotypisierung und Verklärung der Protagonistin) in acht zeitgenössischen deutschen Jugendromanen herauszuarbeiten. Dabei kommt sie zu dem Schluss, dass Werke wie diese, die für Jugendliche erwiesenermaßen weit mehr sind als flüchtige Unterhaltung, ein verfälschtes, schädliches Bild davon präsentieren, was es bedeutet, eine starke, unabhängige junge Frau zu sein. Damit ebnen sie mitunter den Weg für das bereits sehr reale Phänomen des Missbrauchs in Paarbeziehungen unter Jugendlichen, weshalb sich in Zukunft dringend etwas an dieser bisher objektiv durchaus erfolgreichen Art des Geschichtenerzählens ändern muss. Folgende Jugendromane werden analysiert: ‚Der Märchenerzähler‘ (2011) von Antonia Michaelis; ‚Light & Darkness‘ (2013) von Laura Kneidl; ‚Mein bester letzter Sommer‘ (2016) von Anne Freytag; ‚Das geheime Vermächtnis des Pan‘ (2013) von Sandra Regnier; ‚Conversion – Zwischen Tag und Nacht‘ (2016) von C. M. Spoerri u. Jasmina Romana Welsch; ‚Götterfunke – Liebe mich nicht‘ (2017) von Marah Woolf; ‚Warrior & Peace – Göttliches Blut‘ (2018) von Stella A. Tack; ‚Silberschwingen – Erbin des Lichts‘ (2018) von Emily Bold.
Theoretical study of phonon-mediated superconductivity beyond Migdal-Eliashberg approximation and Coulomb pseudopotential
Creators: name: Huang, Jie
name: Yang, Zhao-Kun
name: Pan, Xiao-Yin
name: Liu, Guo-Zhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In previous theoretical studies of phonon-mediated superconductors, the electron-phonon coupling is treated by solving the Migdal-Eliashberg equations under the bare vertex approximation, whereas the effect of Coulomb repulsion is incorporated by introducing one single pseudopotential parameter. These two approximations become unreliable in low carrier-density superconductors in which the vertex corrections are not small and the Coulomb interaction is poorly screened. Here, we shall go beyond these two approximations and employ the Dyson-Schwinger equation approach to handle the interplay of electron-phonon interaction and Coulomb interaction in a self-consistent way. We first derive the exact Dyson-Schwinger integral equation of the full electron propagator. Such an equation contains several unknown single-particle propagators and fermion-boson vertex functions, and thus seems to be intractable. To solve this difficulty, we further derive a number of identities satisfied by all the relevant propagators and vertex functions and then use these identities to show that the exact Dyson-Schwinger equation of electron propagator is actually self-closed. This self-closed equation takes into account not only all the vertex corrections, but also the mutual influence between electron-phonon interaction and Coulomb interaction. Solving it by using proper numerical methods leads to the superconducting temperature $T_{c}$ and other quantities. As an application of the approach, we compute the $T_{c}$ of the interfacial superconductivity realized in the one-unit-cell FeSe/SrTiO$_{3}$ system. We find that $T_{c}$ can be strongly influenced by the vertex corrections and the competition between phonon-mediated attraction and Coulomb repulsion.
description: 13 + 9 pages, 1 figure
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 2.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 03.01.2012, 09:00, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 70.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 30.03.2012, 08:15, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 94.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.05.2012, 08:15, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Financial Crisis - Causes And Its Impact
Creators: name: Alam, Aftab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 140207 Financial Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Economics

description: Financial crisis is happening frequently in the globalized world. There are several causes of financial crisis. But the crisis of 2008 originated from US and slowly impacting the whole world as the world has become a global village now. No country is isolated from the effect of crisis. The severity of impact on different countries and different sectors of the economy may be varied. The study tries to understand the causes of financial crisis 2008 and its impact on different countries and different sectors of the economy. There is no consensus on the factors which caused global financial crisis. Several studies and working papers have given different set of factors which caused the crisis. Low interest rates, speculation, Securitization, excessive deregulation of financial market because of globalization and financial innovation are some important common causes of crisis. The financial crisis affected all the countries and almost all sectors of the economy. However, the intensity of effect was varied depending upon the level of globalization and financial connect between the nations. The SMEs are the hardest hit in the crisis. This study is based on the minor research project on “Evaluation of Small and Medium Enterprises in Pune district after the financial crisis” sponsored by BCUD, Savitribai Phule Pune university.
Nerves and Anesthesia: A physics perspective on medicine
Creators: name: Heimburg, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a recent theory for nerve pulse propagation and anesthesia and argue that both nerve activity and the action of anesthetics can be understood on the basis of simple physical laws. It was found experimentally that biological membranes melt from a solid state to a liquid state just below physiological temperature. Such melting processes have a profound influence on the physical properties of cell membranes. They make it possible for mechanical pulses (solitons) to travel along nerve axons. In these pulses, a region of solid phase travels in the liquid nerve membrane. These pulses display many properties associated with the action potential in nerves. Both general and local anesthetics lower melting temperatures of membranes. Thus, they make it more difficult to excite the nerve membrane. Since hydrostatic pressure increases melting temperatures, it counteracts anesthesia. This theory has the virtue of providing a simple explanation of the famous Meyer-Overton correlation, which states that the effectiveness of an anesthetic is proportional to its solubility in the lipid membranes of cells. We offer evidence that this concept if also applicable to local anesthesia. Finally, we show that the presence of transitions has an influence on channel activity that can arise even in the absence of proteins.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 148.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.07.2012, 10:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Solvent effects on chemical composition and optical properties of extracted secondary brown carbon constituents
Creators: name: Chen, Kunpeng
name: Raeofy, Nilofar
name: Lum, Michael
name: Mayorga, Raphael
name: Woods, Megan
name: Bahreini, Roya
name: Zhang, Haofei
name: Lin, Ying-Hsuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: Brown carbon (BrC) aerosol is an important contributor to positive radiative forcing on Earth, but its influence on the global radiative budget remains uncertain due to the limitations of current analytical methods used to characterize its optical and chemical properties. While online optical instruments provide in situ characterization of BrC light-absorption properties, the wavelengths are often limited due to the light source of optical instruments. Offline measurements can cover the entire UV–Vis wavelength range, but the use of solvents may introduce artifacts. In this study, we compared the mass absorption coefficients at 375 nm (MAC375) measured by online and offline instruments for aerosol samples generated from the nighttime oxidation of heterocyclic volatile organic precursors. Offline samples were extracted with both acetonitrile (ACN) and methanol (MeOH) to investigate the potential solvent effects on the Ångström absorption exponent and BrC chromophores. Our results indicated considerable variations between MeOH-extracted samples and ACN-extracted samples, with pyrrole SOA being especially susceptible to solvent effects. Multi-instrumental analysis confirmed that MeOH could induce solvent artifacts by reacting with conjugated carbonyl chromophores, such as phthalic anhydride, maleic anhydride and maleimide, and subsequently modify the light absorption properties of BrC constituents. Our findings highlight the importance of methanolysis in the formation of artifacts, whereas an inert solvent such as ACN would be ideal for proper characterization of BrC chromophores. Consequently, the results from offline analysis using MeOH as the solvent should be interpreted with caution. Copyright © 2022 American Association for Aerosol Research
title: Σχεδιασμός εκπαιδευτικού λογισμικού για τη διδασκαλία της ανάγνωσης και της γραφής σε μαθητές με ήπια νοητική υστέρηση
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Διέλας, Γεώργιος
Publisher: name: University of Thessaly
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: ΠΑΙΔΙΑ ΜΕ ΕΙΔΙΚΕΣ ΑΝΑΓΚΕΣ -- ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ
subject: ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΤΙΚΗ ΤΕΧΝΟΛΟΓΙΑ
subject: ΜΑΘΗΣΗ, ΔΥΣΚΟΛΙΕΣ ΤΗΣ -- ΕΚΠΑΙΔΕΥΣΗ

description: Σημείωση: διατίθεται συμπληρωματικό υλικό σε ξεχωριστό αρχείο.
A qualitative exploration of emergency practitioner’s perspectives towards functional seizures and self-harm behaviours
Creators: name: Bailey, Cerys
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis presents three papers relating to the qualitative exploration of emergency department (ED) practitioners’ perspectives of 1) caring for people who accessed ED care for self-harm behaviours 2) caring for people living with functional seizures (FS), 3) a critical appraisal of both papers. The first section presents a meta-synthesis of 13 qualitative research papers which explored ED clinicians’ perspectives of caring for people who presented with self-harm behaviours. These were analysed through a meta-ethnographic approach and three themes were constructed: 1) Between “frustration, futility and failure”: The clinicians’ emotional response to self-harm, 2) Attitudes on a self-harm spectrum, 3) The ED in a challenging context. Findings highlight the need for increased training and support to help reduce the risk of burnout in this staff population. This has implications for the role of clinical psychology in the ED which are discussed. The second section presents an empirical research paper which explores eight ED consultants’ perspectives of caring for people with FS. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with each participant, and the data was analysed using reflective thematic analysis. Three themes were constructed: “the personality of the ED and the role of the ED consultant” “how FS is onceptualised” and “the ED consultant lived experience of caring for FS patients”. This paper offers an essential understanding of the ED consultants’ perspectives and contributes to existing literature relating to other healthcare professionals’ views of working with people living with FS. The final section presents a critical appraisal, which incorporates the findings of both papers, and discusses strengths, limitations, reflections, and motivations for engaging in these topics. Recommendations for future research are also shared.
Interface-tuning of ferroelectricity and quadruple-well state in CuInP$_2$S$_6$ via ferroelectric oxide
Creators: name: Wang, Kun
name: Li, Du
name: Wang, Jia
name: Hao, Yifei
name: Anderson, Hailey
name: Yang, Li
name: Hong, Xia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ferroelectric van der Waals CuInP$_2$S$_6$ possesses intriguing quadruple-well states and negative piezoelectricity. Its technological implementation has been impeded by the relatively low Curie temperature (bulk $T_C$ ~42 °C) and the lack of precise domain control. Here we show that CuInP$_2$S$_6$ can be immune to the finite size effect and exhibits enhanced ferroelectricity, piezoelectricity, and polar alignment in the ultrathin limit when interfaced with ferroelectric oxide PbZr$_{0.2}$Ti$_{0.8}$O$_3$ films. Piezoresponse force microscopy studies reveal that the polar domains in thin CuInP$_2$S$_6$ fully conform to those of underlying PbZr$_{0.2}$Ti$_{0.8}$O$_3$, where the piezoelectric coefficient changes sign and increases sharply with reducing thickness. High temperature $in$ $situ$ domain imaging points to a significantly enhanced $T_C$ exceeding 200 °C for 13 nm CuInP$_2$S$_6$ on PbZr$_{0.2}$Ti$_{0.8}$O$_3$. Density functional theory modeling and Monte Carlo simulations show that the enhanced polar alignment and $T_C$ can be attributed to interface-mediated structure distortion in CuInP$_2$S$_6$. Our study provides an effective material strategy to engineer the polar properties of CuInP$_2$S$_6$ for flexible nanoelectronic, optoelectronic, and mechanical applications.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, and Supporting Information
Reconstruction of the energy and depth of maximum of cosmic-ray air-showers from LOPES radio measurements
Creators: name: Apel, W. D.
name: Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C.
name: Bähren, L.
name: Bekk, K.
name: Bertaina, M.
name: Biermann, P. L.
name: Blümer, J.
name: Bozdog, H.
name: Brancus, I. M.
name: Cantoni, E.
name: Chiavassa, A.
name: Daumiller, K.
name: de Souza, V.
name: Di Pierro, F.
name: Doll, P.
name: Engel, R.
name: Falcke, H.
name: Fuchs, B.
name: Fuhrmann, D.
name: Gemmeke, H.
name: Grupen, C.
name: Haungs, A.
name: Heck, D.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Horneffer, A.
name: Huber, D.
name: Huege, T.
name: Isar, P. G.
name: Kampert, K. -H.
name: Kang, D.
name: Krömer, O.
name: Kuijpers, J.
name: Link, K.
name: Łuczak, P.
name: Ludwig, M.
name: Mathes, H. J.
name: Melissas, M.
name: Morello, C.
name: Oehlschläger, J.
name: Palmieri, N.
name: Pierog, T.
name: Rautenberg, J.
name: Rebel, H.
name: Roth, M.
name: Rühle, C.
name: Saftoiu, A.
name: Schieler, H.
name: Schmidt, A.
name: Schröder, F. G.
name: Sima, O.
name: Toma, G.
name: Trinchero, G. C.
name: Weindl, A.
name: Wochele, J.
name: Zabierowski, J.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LOPES is a digital radio interferometer located at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Germany, which measures radio emission from extensive air showers at MHz frequencies in coincidence with KASCADE-Grande. In this article, we explore a method (slope method) which leverages the slope of the measured radio lateral distribution to reconstruct crucial attributes of primary cosmic rays. First, we present an investigation of the method on the basis of pure simulations. Second, we directly apply the slope method to LOPES measurements. Applying the slope method to simulations, we obtain uncertainties on the reconstruction of energy and depth of shower maximum Xmax of 13% and 50 g/cm^2, respectively. Applying it to LOPES measurements, we are able to reconstruct energy and Xmax of individual events with upper limits on the precision of 20-25% for the primary energy and 95 g/cm^2 for Xmax, despite strong human-made noise at the LOPES site.
description: 16 pages, accepted by Physical Review D
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 63.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.03.2012, 09:45, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 5.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
MOSE: A New Dataset for Video Object Segmentation in Complex Scenes
Creators: name: Ding, Henghui
name: Liu, Chang
name: He, Shuting
name: Jiang, Xudong
name: Torr, Philip H. S.
name: Bai, Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video object segmentation (VOS) aims at segmenting a particular object throughout the entire video clip sequence. The state-of-the-art VOS methods have achieved excellent performance (e.g., 90+% J&F) on existing datasets. However, since the target objects in these existing datasets are usually relatively salient, dominant, and isolated, VOS under complex scenes has rarely been studied. To revisit VOS and make it more applicable in the real world, we collect a new VOS dataset called coMplex video Object SEgmentation (MOSE) to study the tracking and segmenting objects in complex environments. MOSE contains 2,149 video clips and 5,200 objects from 36 categories, with 431,725 high-quality object segmentation masks. The most notable feature of MOSE dataset is complex scenes with crowded and occluded objects. The target objects in the videos are commonly occluded by others and disappear in some frames. To analyze the proposed MOSE dataset, we benchmark 18 existing VOS methods under 4 different settings on the proposed MOSE dataset and conduct comprehensive comparisons. The experiments show that current VOS algorithms cannot well perceive objects in complex scenes. For example, under the semi-supervised VOS setting, the highest J&F by existing state-of-the-art VOS methods is only 59.4% on MOSE, much lower than their ~90% J&F performance on DAVIS. The results reveal that although excellent performance has been achieved on existing benchmarks, there are unresolved challenges under complex scenes and more efforts are desired to explore these challenges in the future. The proposed MOSE dataset has been released at https://henghuiding.github.io/MOSE.
description: MOSE Dataset Report
Multilevel preconditioning on the refined interface and optimal boundary solvers for the Laplace equation
Creators: name: Khoromskij, Boris N.
name: Prössdorf, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Boundary integral equations
subject: domain decomposition
subject: fast elliptic problem solvers
subject: interface operators
subject: matrix compression
subject: multilevel preconditioning
subject: 65N20
subject: 65N30
subject: 65P10

description: In this paper we propose and analyze some strategies to construct asymptotically optimal algorithms for solving boundary reductions of the Laplace equation in the interior and exterior of a polygon. The interior Dirichlet or Neumann problems are, in fact equivalent to a direct treatment of the Dirichlet-Neumann mapping or its inverse i.e. the Poincaré-Steklov (PS) operator. To construct a fast algorithm for the treatment of the discrete PS operator in the case of polygons composed of rectangles and regular right triangles, we apply the Bramble-Pasciak-Xu (BPX) multilevel preconditioner to the equivalent interface problem in the H1/2-setting. Furthermore, a fast matrix-vector multiplication algorithm is based on the frequency cutting techniques applied to the local Schur complements associated with the rectangular substructures specifying the nonmatching decomposition of a given polygon. The proposed compression scheme to compute the action of the discrete interior PS operator is shown to have a complexity of the order O(N logq N), q ∈ [2,3] with memory needs of O(N log2 N) where N is the number of degrees of freedom on the polygonal boundary under consideration. In the case of exterior problems we propose a modification of the standard direct BEM whose implementation is reduced to the wavelet approximation applied to either single layer or hypersingular harmonic potentials and, in addition, to the matrix-vector multiplication for the discrete interior PS operator.
There are no nice interfaces in 2+1 dimensional SOS-models in random media
Creators: name: Bovier, Anton
name: Külske, Christof
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Disordered systems
subject: interfaces
subject: SOS-model
subject: 82B44
subject: 82B24

description: We prove that in dimension d ≤ 2 translation covariant Gibbs states describing rigid interfaces in a disordered solid-on-solid (SOS) cannot exist for any value of the temperature, in contrast to the situation in d ≥ 3. The prove relies on an adaptation of a theorem of Aizenman and Wehr.
Mid-Infrared Resonant Cavity-Enhanced Photodetectors
Creators: name: Bainbridge, Andrew
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: Resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors can be utilised for spectroscopic sensing, due to their narrow, adjustable spectral responses. The narrow response can be designed to align with an absorption peak of a target molecule, whilst also not covering neighbouring absorption peaks. Therefore, these detectors can offer an intrinsically high spectral selectivity. This thesis reports on the design, fabrication and analysis of resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors for sensing in the mid-infrared. The structures all use III-V semiconductor alloys and employ distributed Bragg reflectors as high-reflectivity, highly selective and highly tunable mirrors. Fabricated detectors demonstrate the expected narrow, enhanced responses with full-widths at half-maximum of < 30 nm and enhancement factors of > 10. The tunability of the spectral responses is also demonstrated through the fabrication of structures with the same layer materials, but differing resonance wavelengths. The dependence of the resonance wavelength on the layer thicknesses is utilised with a novel concept of wavelength chirped resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors. In these structures, the layer thicknesses are graded across a single wafer to create an array of detectors with spectral responses that shift across the wafer. Fabricated arrays demonstrate the benefit of the spectral response variation for spectroscopic sensing. The hyperspectral measurements can determine significantly more detailed spectral information than is possible by a single resonant cavity-enhanced photodetector. This wavelength chirp concept opens up the possibility of a solid-state spectrometer based on resonant cavity-enhanced photodetectors.
The organic coating unit, an all-in-one system for reproducible generation of secondary organic matter aerosol
Creators: name: Keller, Alejandro
name: Kalbermatter, Daniel M.
name: Wolfer, Kate
name: Specht, Patrik
name: Steigmeier, Peter
name: Resch, Julian
name: Kalberer, Markus
name: Hammer, Tobias
name: Vasilatou, Konstantina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We report on a novel automated oxidation flow reactor to generate a wide variety of organic aerosol samples. The instrument is equipped with a humidifier, a dosing system for volatile organic precursors and an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) for generation of secondary organic matter (SOM). The instrument, known as organic coating unit (OCU), can produce homogeneously nucleated SOM particles or, used in combination with a standard combustion generator (e.g., a diffusion flame soot generator or any other seed particle), particles coated with a controlled amount of SOM. The physical and chemical properties of the generated particles can be controlled in a simple manner by selecting through a touch-screen target values for parameters, such as organic gaseous precursor concentration, humidity, and UV (ultraviolet) light intensity. Parameters and measured quantities are automatically stored in text files for easy export and analysis. Furthermore, we provide stable operation conditions and characterize the physicochemical properties of the generated aerosols with an array of methods, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal-optical analysis and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This all-in-one instrument is robust, compact, portable, and user-friendly, making it ideal for laboratory or field-based aerosol studies.
Learning Representations of Bi-level Knowledge Graphs for Reasoning beyond Link Prediction
Creators: name: Chung, Chanyoung
name: Whang, Joyce Jiyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge graphs represent known facts using triplets. While existing knowledge graph embedding methods only consider the connections between entities, we propose considering the relationships between triplets. For example, let us consider two triplets $T_1$ and $T_2$ where $T_1$ is (Academy_Awards, Nominates, Avatar) and $T_2$ is (Avatar, Wins, Academy_Awards). Given these two base-level triplets, we see that $T_1$ is a prerequisite for $T_2$. In this paper, we define a higher-level triplet to represent a relationship between triplets, e.g., $\langle T_1$, PrerequisiteFor, $T_2\rangle$ where PrerequisiteFor is a higher-level relation. We define a bi-level knowledge graph that consists of the base-level and the higher-level triplets. We also propose a data augmentation strategy based on the random walks on the bi-level knowledge graph to augment plausible triplets. Our model called BiVE learns embeddings by taking into account the structures of the base-level and the higher-level triplets, with additional consideration of the augmented triplets. We propose two new tasks: triplet prediction and conditional link prediction. Given a triplet $T_1$ and a higher-level relation, the triplet prediction predicts a triplet that is likely to be connected to $T_1$ by the higher-level relation, e.g., $\langle T_1$, PrerequisiteFor, ?$\rangle$. The conditional link prediction predicts a missing entity in a triplet conditioned on another triplet, e.g., $\langle T_1$, PrerequisiteFor, (Avatar, Wins, ?)$\rangle$. Experimental results show that BiVE significantly outperforms all other methods in the two new tasks and the typical base-level link prediction in real-world bi-level knowledge graphs.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 15 tables. 37th AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence (AAAI 2023)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 35.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.02.2012, 09:00, erstellt von Marco Cagnotti
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2012

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 2.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
The organic coating unit, an all-in-one system for reproducible generation of secondary organic matter aerosol
Creators: name: Keller, Alejandro
name: Kalbermatter, Daniel M.
name: Wolfer, Kate
name: Specht, Patrik
name: Steigmeier, Peter
name: Resch, Julian
name: Kalberer, Markus
name: Hammer, Tobias
name: Vasilatou, Konstantina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We report on a novel automated oxidation flow reactor to generate a wide variety of organic aerosol samples. The instrument is equipped with a humidifier, a dosing system for volatile organic precursors and an oxidation flow reactor (OFR) for generation of secondary organic matter (SOM). The instrument, known as organic coating unit (OCU), can produce homogeneously nucleated SOM particles or, used in combination with a standard combustion generator (e.g., a diffusion flame soot generator or any other seed particle), particles coated with a controlled amount of SOM. The physical and chemical properties of the generated particles can be controlled in a simple manner by selecting through a touch-screen target values for parameters, such as organic gaseous precursor concentration, humidity, and UV (ultraviolet) light intensity. Parameters and measured quantities are automatically stored in text files for easy export and analysis. Furthermore, we provide stable operation conditions and characterize the physicochemical properties of the generated aerosols with an array of methods, including transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermal-optical analysis and liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (LC-MS). This all-in-one instrument is robust, compact, portable, and user-friendly, making it ideal for laboratory or field-based aerosol studies.
Navigating Political Change: A Study of the Resilience of Key Stakeholders in the Innovation Ecosystem
Creators: name: Mongkolsinh, Natharat
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Organizational Behavioral Psychology

description: This thesis explores the intersection of political turmoil and high-tech innovation, with a focus on Thailand. The country is emblematic of this tension, having experienced more coups than any other country in the last century, yet also being considered one of the eight "East Asian Miracles" and a major destination for foreign direct investment. Through three papers, the thesis examines how businesses and governments can navigate political turmoil to enhance high-tech innovation. The first paper investigates why firms continue to invest in R&D amidst political turmoil. The study uses a unique firm R&D survey to explore this question and finds that R&D investment may increase as it is flexible and redeployable once political uncertainty is more clarified. To further mitigate the risks from political uncertainty, firms invest their R&D in functions that are more reversible and in sectors that have more potential returns from innovation. The second paper explores how multinational corporations (MNCs) adjust their innovation activities differently than domestic firms when their target country is facing turmoil. The study finds that although MNCs are associated with increased R&D investment after the coup, their rate of associated increase is lower than that of domestic firms. MNCs from countries with more politically-oriented business cultures were also associated with less R&D investment after the coup. The third paper explores how governments sustain and adapt the development of science and technology (S&T) systems to political events. The study finds that officials are not just able to maintain public STI institutions, investments, and policies, but they are even able to enhance their efforts in certain instances. The study uncovers two key theoretical constructs that help explain this unexpected phenomenon: bureaucratic expansion and bureaucratic adaptation. Overall, this thesis identifies ways in which stakeholders in an innovation ecosystem can more effectively handle the challenges and opportunities presented by political transitions. It offers insights that can guide stakeholders in making informed decisions and taking calculated risks amidst such turmoil. This research can be particularly beneficial to economies that aim to emerge from the middleincome gap by leveraging science, technology, and innovation but face adverse conditions such as political uncertainty and violence. By providing a roadmap for how Thai stakeholders have navigated such challenges, this thesis can help Thailand and similar other economies unlock their full potential and achieve sustained growth and development.