cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Schools as learning organizations : how Japanese teachers learn to perform non-instructional tasks
Creators: name: Maki, Wilma
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study explores Japanese high school teachers' learning of the many non-instructional tasks that they undertake in their schools, and possible connections between the learning and organizational features and the values teachers assign to learning. The data from this study reveal that characteristics of and relationships among these three elements are consistent with those of learning organization theory. Questionnaires were designed to collect the needed data. Eighty-eight teachers in eleven high schools in Japan participated in the study. Results of the study were compared with Japan Ministry of Education and U.S. Department of Education surveys on teachers. The results show that learning is the principal goal held by teachers, organizational features facilitate their learning, and values they attach to learning are associated with the learning, characteristics that also define learning organizations. The teachers use experiential learning as the main means to learn their tasks, and a multifunctional structure to organize their tasks. The results also describe a unique teacher learning organization model in which the teachers' learning activities change over the course of their careers in four stages. Experience in tasks is characterized first by multifunctionalism, followed by repetition and supervision, and finally, by working regularly in school administration tasks. The stages are associated with shifts in the teachers' choices of learning methods. In the first stage, teachers prefer consultation with co-workers. In the second and third stage, they practise self-study the most. In the final stage, they demonstrate an increase in consultation with administrative school staff. Personal growth and problem-solving are the most important educational goals, and there is no fixed perception of how one learns. Comparisons with American teachers show characteristics that contrast with those found in the Japanese sample: American teachers tend to favour acquisition of basic skills and good work habits as important educational goals; formal training is the main source of knowledge for learning their tasks; and task organization is segmented. The study suggests that learner-directed learning has a variety of definitions and that there are many different learning organization models. The results have much to offer in thinking about schools as learning organizations for teachers.
Allocative and Technical Efficiency of Corporate Farms in Russia
Creators: name: Grazhdaninova, Margarita
name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Grazhdaninova, Margarita
name: Lerman, Zvi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: transition economies
subject: productivity
subject: efficiency
subject: production function
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis

description: This study is aimed to analyze Russian corporate farms technical efficiency using DEA and allocative efficiency basing upon VMP calculations. The estimations are carried out on three aggregation levels: total farm, sectors (livestock and crops production) and selected commodities (grain, sunflower, beef, milk and pork), using survey data. The results of analyses suggest that there is no substantial misallocation of resources given current input and output prices. High technical efficiency scores speak for production technologies being homogeneous and mean that simple extension of "best practice" production will not eliminate the large productivity gap between Russia and the developed market economies.
A classification of generalized quantum statistics associated with basic classical Lie superalgebras
Creators: name: Stoilova, N. I.
name: Van der Jeugt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17B20; 17B81; 81R05

description: Generalized quantum statistics such as para-statistics is usually characterized by certain triple relations. In the case of para-Fermi statistics these relations can be associated with the orthogonal Lie algebra B_n=so(2n+1); in the case of para-Bose statistics they are associated with the Lie superalgebra B(0|n)=osp(1|2n). In a previous paper, a mathematical definition of ``a generalized quantum statistics associated with a classical Lie algebra G'' was given, and a complete classification was obtained. Here, we consider the definition of ``a generalized quantum statistics associated with a basic classical Lie superalgebra G''. Just as in the Lie algebra case, this definition is closely related to a certain Z-grading of G. We give in this paper a complete classification of all generalized quantum statistics associated with the basic classical Lie superalgebras A(m|n), B(m|n), C(n) and D(m|n).
The Bitter Truth About Quantum Algorithms in the NISQ Era
Creators: name: Leymann, Frank
name: Barzen, Johanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Implementing a quantum algorithm on a NISQ device has several challenges that arise from the fact that such devices are noisy and have limited quantum resources. Thus, various factors contributing to the depth and width as well as to the noise of an implementation of an algorithm must be understood in order to assess whether an implementation will execute successfully on a given NISQ device. In this contribution, we discuss these factors and their impact on algorithm implementations. Especially, we will cover state preparation, oracle expansion, connectivity, circuit rewriting, and readout: these factors are very often ignored when presenting an algorithm but they are crucial when implementing such an algorithm on near-term quantum computers. Our contribution will help developers in charge of realizing algorithms on such machines in (i) achieving an executable implementation, and (ii) assessing the success of their implementation on a given machine.
The Determinants of Polish Farmers' Credit Interest Rates: Hedonic Price Analysis and Implications for Government Policy
Creators: name: Petrick, Martin
name: Latruffe, Laure
name: Petrick, Martin
name: Latruffe, Laure
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: agricultural finance
subject: credit policy
subject: hedonic regression
subject: micro-econometrics
subject: Poland

description: Our micro-econometric analysis of agricultural credit market outcomes in Poland sheds new light on the relationship between contractual arrangements and interest rates. An innovative theoretical framework based on a hedonic market model is developed. We interpret the factors that influence interest rates as "quality" components of the credit contract. We use unique data including detailed information about Polish farmers' credit contracts. Both nominal interest rates and bank fees are considered. Results show that banks prefer liquid types of collateral, and care little about the loan's purpose. The effect of government subsidies on interest rates is small compared to the officially declared reduction of the nominal rate.
Approximately Inner Automorphisms of Von Neumann Factors
Creators: name: Gagnon-Bischoff, Jérémie
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Von Neumann algebra
Inner automorphism
Factor
Completely positive map

description: Through von Neumann's reduction theory, the classification of injective von Neumann algebras acting on separable Hilbert spaces translates into the classification of injective factors. In his proof of the uniqueness of the injective type II₁ factor, Connes showed an alternate characterization of the approximately inner automorphisms of type II₁ factors. Moreover, he conjectured that this characterization could be extended to all types of factors acting on separable Hilbert spaces. In this thesis, we present a general toolbox containing the basic notions needed to study von Neumann algebras, before describing our work concerning Connes' conjecture in the case of type IIIλ factors. We have obtained partial results towards the proof of a modified version of this conjecture.
Irreversibility, Uncertainty and the Adoption of Transgenic Crops: the Case of BT-Maize in France
Creators: name: Scatasta, Sara
name: Wesseler, Justus
name: Demont, Matty
name: Scatasta, Sara
name: Wesseler, Justus
name: Demont, Matty
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Bt maize
subject: real option
subject: France
subject: field trials
subject: irreversible social costs

description: This study applies a real option approach to quantify, ex-ante, the maximum incremental social tolerable irreversible costs that would justify immediate adoption of Bt maize in France. Based on field trials, we find that incremental private reversible benefits in the agricultural sector are -18 million euro yearly for maize for animal feed and 1 million euro yearly for maize for human consumption. Incremental social irreversible benefits from reduced insecticide use are negligible. The maximum incremental social tolerable irreversible costs are -28 million euro yearly for maize for animal feed and 0.4 million Euro yearly for maize for human consumption.
High-speed metasurface modulator using critically coupled bimodal plasmonic resonance
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiaqi
name: Kosugi, Yuji
name: Ogasawara, Makoto
name: Otomo, Akira
name: Yamada, Toshiki
name: Nakano, Yoshiaki
name: Tanemura, Takuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Free-space electro-optic (EO) modulators operating at gigahertz and beyond are attractive for a wide range of emerging applications, including high-speed imaging, free-space optical communication, microwave photonics, and diffractive computing. Here we experimentally demonstrate a high-speed plasmonic metasurface EO modulator operating at a near-infrared wavelength range with a gigahertz modulation bandwidth. To achieve efficient intensity modulation of reflected light from an ultrathin metasurface layer, we utilize the bimodal plasmonic resonance inside a subwavelength metal-insulator-metal grating, which is precisely tuned to satisfy the critical coupling condition. As a result, perfect absorption of -27 dB (99.8%) and a high quality (Q) factor of 113 are obtained at a resonant wavelength of 1650 nm. By incorporating an EO polymer inside the grating, we achieve a modulation depth of up to 9.5 dB under an applied voltage of $\pm$30 V. The 3-dB modulation bandwidth is confirmed to be 1.25 GHz, which is primarily limited by the undesired contact resistance. Owing to the high electrical conductivity of metallic gratings and a compact device structure with a minimal parasitic capacitance, the demonstrated device can potentially operate at several tens of gigahertz, which opens up exciting opportunities for ultrahigh-speed active metasurface devices in various applications.
description: Main text: 18 pages, 3 figures, 39 references Supplementary material: 3 pages, 2 figures,
ETP4HPC's Strategic Research Agenda for High-Performance Computing in Europe 4
Creators: name: Malms, Michael
name: Ostasz, Marcin
name: Gilliot, Maike
name: Bernier-Bruna, Pascale
name: Cargemel, Laurent
name: Suarez, Estela
name: Cornelius, Herbert
name: Duranton, Marc
name: Koren, Benny
name: Rosse-Laurent, Pascale
name: Pérez-Hernández, María S.
name: Marazakis, Manolis
name: Lonsdale, Guy
name: Carpenter, Paul
name: Antoniu, Gabriel
name: Narasimhamurthy, Sai
name: Brinkman, André
name: Pleiter, Dirk
name: Tate, Adrian
name: Krueger, Jens
name: Hoppe, Hans-Christian
name: Laure, Erwin
name: Wierse, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This Strategic Research Agenda (SRA) is the fourth High Performance Computing (HPC) technology roadmap developed and maintained by ETP4HPC, with the support of the EXDCI-2 project. It continues the tradition of a structured approach to the identification of key research objectives. The main objective of this SRA is to identify the European technology research priorities in the area of HPC and High-Performance Data Analytics (HPDA), which should be used by EuroHPC to build its 2021 – 2024 Work Programme. Over eighty HPC experts associated with member organisations of ETP4HPC created this document in collaboration with external technical leaders representing those areas of technology that together with HPC form what we have come to call “The Digital Continuum”. This new concept well reflects the main trend of this SRA – it is not only about developing HPC technology in order to build competitive European HPC systems but also about making our HPC solutions work together with other related technologies - the material included in this SRA is also a result of our interactions with Big Data, Internet of Things (IoT), Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Cyber Physical Systems (CPS).
Precision Measurements of d(d,p)t and d(d,n)^3He Total Cross Sections at Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis Energies
Creators: name: Leonard, D. S.
name: Karwowski, H. J.
name: Brune, C. R.
name: Fisher, B. M.
name: Ludwig, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (WMAP) measurements have determined the baryon density of the Universe $Ω_b$ with a precision of about 4%. With $Ω_b$ tightly constrained, comparisons of Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN) abundance predictions to primordial abundance observations can be made and used to test BBN models and/or to further constrain abundances of isotopes with weak observational limits. To push the limits and improve constraints on BBN models, uncertainties in key nuclear reaction rates must be minimized. To this end, we made new precise measurements of the d(d,p)t and d(d,n)^3He total cross sections at lab energies from 110 keV to 650 keV. A complete fit was performed in energy and angle to both angular distribution and normalization data for both reactions simultaneously. By including parameters for experimental variables in the fit, error correlations between detectors, reactions, and reaction energies were accurately tabulated by computational methods. With uncertainties around 2% +/- 1% scale error, these new measurements significantly improve on the existing data set. At relevant temperatures, using the data of the present work, both reaction rates are found to be about 7% higher than those in the widely used Nuclear Astrophysics Compilation of Reaction Rates (NACRE). These data will thus lead not only to reduced uncertainties, but also to modifications in the BBN abundance predictions.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, minor editorial changes
Building Mean Field State Transition Models Using The Generalized Linear Chain Trick and Continuous Time Markov Chain Theory
Creators: name: Hurtado, Paul J.
name: Richards, Cameron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92B99, 37N25, 37M05

description: The well-known Linear Chain Trick (LCT) allows modelers to derive mean field ODEs that assume gamma (Erlang) distributed passage times, by transitioning individuals sequentially through a chain of sub-states. The time spent in these states is the sum of $k$ exponentially distributed random variables, and is thus gamma (Erlang) distributed. The Generalized Linear Chain Trick (GLCT) extends this technique to the much broader phase-type family of distributions, which includes exponential, Erlang, hypoexponential, and Coxian distributions. Intuitively, phase-type distributions are the absorption time distributions for continuous time Markov chains (CTMCs). Here we review CTMCs and phase-type distributions, then illustrate how to use the GLCT to efficiently build mean field ODE models from underlying stochastic model assumptions. We generalize the Rosenzweig-MacArthur and SEIR models and show the benefits of using the GLCT to compute numerical solutions. These results highlight some practical benefits, and the intuitive nature, of using the GLCT to derive ODE models from first principles.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures, 2 ancillary files (R code for two figures). Journal of Biological Dynamics (2021)
Semiclassical String Solutions on 1/2 BPS Geometries
Creators: name: Ebrahim, Hajar
name: Mosaffa, Amir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study semiclassical string solutions on the 1/2 BPS geometry of type IIB string theory characterized by concentric rings on the boundary plane. We consider both folded rotating strings carrying nonzero R-charge and circular pulsating strings. We find that unlike rotating strings, as far as circular pulsating strings are concerned, the dynamics remains qualitatively unchanged when the concentric rings replace AdS_5\times S^5. Using the gravity dual we have also studied the Wilson loop of the corresponding gauge theory. The result is qualitatively the same as that in AdS_5\times S^5 in the global coordinates where the corresponding gauge theory is defined on S^3\times R. We show that there is a correction to 1/L leading order behavior of the potential between external objects.
description: 17 pages, latex file, v2: refs. added
Non-collinear magnetism engendered by a hidden another order
Creators: name: Khmelevskyi, Sergii
name: Pourovskii, Leonid V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard microscopic approach to magnetic orders is based on assuming a Heisenberg form for inter-atomic exchange interactions. These interactions are considered as a driving force for the ordering transition with magnetic moments serving as the primary order parameter. Any higher-rank multipoles appearing simultaneously with such magnetic order are typically treated as auxiliary order parameters rather than a principal cause of the transition. In this study, we show that these traditional assumptions are violated in the case of PrO$_2$. Evaluating the full set of Pr-Pr superexchange interactions from a first-principles many-body technique we find that its unusual non-collinear 2k magnetic structure stems from high-rank multipolar interactions, and that the corresponding contribution of the Heisenberg interactions is negligible. The observed magnetic order in PrO$_2$ is thus auxiliary to high-rank "hidden" multipoles. Within this picture we consistently account for previously unexplained experimental observations like the magnitude of exchange splitting and the evolution of magnetic structure in external field. Our findings challenge the standard paradigm of observable magnetic moments being the driving force for magnetic transitions.
description: 13 pages + 4 pages of Supplementary, 3 Figures
Impediments to Employment and Enterprise Diversification: Evidence from Small-Scale Farms in Poland
Creators: name: Chaplin, Hannah
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
name: Chaplin, Hannah
name: Davidova, Sophia
name: Gorton, Matthew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Poland
subject: diversification
subject: off-farm employment
subject: non-agricultural enterprises
subject: cluster analysis

description: In an environment of low returns to agricultural activities and slow structural change, both employment and enterprise diversification have been presented as possible strategies for raising the incomes of farm households. This paper focuses on the barriers to taking up off-farm employment and establishing new non-agricultural enterprises. Factor and cluster analysis are applied to a data-set of individual farms in Poland in order to identify groups of households facing similar constraints and profile policy measures that are most likely to assist diversification. The majority of non-diversifiers are unlikely to become pluriactive in the near future due to a combination of age, a desire to concentrate on farming and remoteness. Farm households that are willing to diversify are characterised by the lowest agricultural incomes. For these households, a poor endowment of human and physical capital is a major constraint.
Dependence of energy barrier reduction on collective excitations in square artificial spin ice: A comprehensive comparison of simulation techniques
Creators: name: Koraltan, Sabri
name: Pancaldi, Matteo
name: Leo, Naëmi
name: Abert, Claas
name: Vogler, Christoph
name: Hofhuis, Kevin
name: Slanovc, Florian
name: Bruckner, Florian
name: Heistracher, Paul
name: Menniti, Matteo
name: Vavassori, Paolo
name: Suess, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform micromagnetic simulations to study the switching barriers in square artificial spin ice systems consisting of elongated single domain magnetic islands arranged on a square lattice. By considering a double vertex composed of one central island and six nearest neighbor islands, we calculate the energy barriers between two types of double vertices by applying the string method. We investigate by means of micromagnetic simulations the consequences of the neighboring islands, the inhomogeneities in the magnetization of the islands and the reversal mechanisms on the energy barrier by comparing three different approaches with increasing complexity. The micromagnetic models, where the string method is applied, are compared to the currently common method, the mean barrier approximation. Our investigations indicate that a proper micromagnetic modeling of the switching process leads to significantly lower energy barriers, by up to 35% compared to the mean-barrier approximation, so decreasing the expected average life time up to seven orders of magnitude. Hereby, we investigate the influence of parallel switching channels and the conceptional approach of using a mean-barrier to calculate the corresponding rates.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures
EOSC-hub D7.1 First Thematic Service software release
Creators: name: Cacciari, Claudio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: This first release includes all the services, which have been integrated so far with EOSC-hub. The integration happens at various levels: from the usage of cloud resources (IaaS, PaaS), to the usage of EOSC-hub common services (for example data and computing services), to the usage of EOSC-hub core services, like the authentication or the monitoring tools, to the publication of the services in the Service Catalogue or in the Marketplace.
Probing the outer edge of an accretion disk: A Her X-1 turn-on observed with RXTE
Creators: name: Kuster, M.
name: Wilms, J.
name: Staubert, R.
name: Heindl, W. A.
name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Shakura, N. I.
name: Postnov, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE) observations of the turn-on phase of a 35 day cycle of the X-ray binary Her X-1. During the early phases of the turn-on, the energy spectrum is composed of X-rays scattered into the line of sight plus heavily absorbed X-rays. The energy spectra in the 3-17 keV range can be described by a partial covering model, where one of the components is influenced by photoelectric absorption and Thomson scattering in cold material plus an iron emission line at 6.5 keV. In this paper we show the evolution of spectral parameters as well as the evolution of the pulse profile during the turn-on. We describe this evolution using Monte Carlo simulations which self-consistently describe the evolution of the X-ray pulse profile and of the energy spectrum.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Taking aim at the wino-higgsino plane with the LHC
Creators: name: Carpenter, Linda M.
name: Gilmer, Humberto
name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Murphy, Taylor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we explore multiple search strategies for higgsinos and mixed higgsino-wino states in the MSSM and project the results onto the $(μ,M_2)$ plane. Assuming associated production of higgsino-like pairs with a $W/Z$ boson, we develop a search in a channel characterized by a hadronically tagged vector boson accompanied by missing energy. We use as our template an ATLAS search for dark matter produced in association with a hadronically decaying vector boson, but upgrade the search by implementing a joint likelihood analysis, binning the missing transverse energy distribution, which greatly improves the search sensitivity. For higgsino-like states (more than 96% admixture) we find sensitivity to masses up to 550 GeV. For well-mixed higgsino-wino states (70-30% higgsino) we still find sensitivities above 300 GeV. Using this newly proposed search, we draw a phenomenological map of the wino-higgsino parameter space, recasting several complementary searches for disappearing tracks, soft leptons, trileptons, and hadronic diboson events in order to predict LHC coverage of the $(μ,M_2)$ mass plane at integrated luminosities of up to $3\,\text{ab}^{-1}$. Altogether, the full run of the HL-LHC can exclude much of the "natural" ($μ,M_2 <$ 500 GeV) wino-higgsino parameter space.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures. Updated to resemble Phys. Rev. D Version of Record
None-of-These Bias in Stated Choice Experiments
Creators: name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Steine, Gro
name: Alfnes, Frode
name: Steine, Gro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: choice experiment
subject: hypothetical bias
subject: color
subject: mixed logit
subject: salmon
subject: willingness to pay

description: We conduct a within-sample test of hypothetical bias and parameter equality between a hypothetical stated choice (SC) experiment using pictures and a real choice (RC) experiments using products. With exception of the none-of-these alternative-specific dummy, we cannot reject parameter equality between the two datasets. However, when we estimate the models separately with no parameter restrictions, the SC experiment gave WTP estimates that were approximately 50 percent higher and marginal WTP estimates that were almost two times as high as the corresponding estimates from the RC experiment. However, even though the monetary value of the WTP disparity was large, the disparity between the WTP estimates from the two data sets was not statistically significant.
Search for eta_b in two-photon collisions at LEP II with the DELPHI detector
Creators: name: The DELPHI Collaboration
name: Abdallah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pseudoscalar meson eta_b has been searched for in two-photon interactions at LEP II. The data sample corresponds to a total integrated luminosity of 617 pb^{-1} at centre-of-mass energies ranging from 161 to 209 GeV. Upper limits at a confidence level of 95% on the product Gamma_{γγ}(eta_b) x BR(eta_b) are 190, 470 and 660 eV/c^2 for the eta_b decaying into 4, 6 and 8 charged particles, respectively.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by Phys. Lett. B
How to Stabilize the Cereals Market in a Transition Economy
Creators: name: Ionel, Iuliana
name: Ionel, Iuliana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: grain grading system
subject: price monitory systems
subject: commodity exchange

description: The Romanian cereals market is in a state of transition, because the grain marketing system is characterized by high risk for market participants. The current situation of grain market is used to estimate the necessity solutions to stabilize the market.
Large Neutrino Secret Interactions, Small Impact on Supernovae
Creators: name: Fiorillo, Damiano F. G.
name: Raffelt, Georg
name: Vitagliano, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When hypothetical neutrino secret interactions ($ν$SI) are large, they form a fluid in a supernova (SN) core, flow out with sonic speed, and stream away as a fireball. For the first time, we tackle the complete dynamical problem and solve all steps, systematically using relativistic hydrodynamics. The impact on SN physics and the neutrino signal is remarkably small. For complete thermalization within the fireball, the observable spectrum changes in a way that is independent of the coupling strength. One potentially large effect beyond our study is quick deleptonization if $ν$SI violate lepton number. By present evidence, however, SN physics leaves open a large region in parameter space, where laboratory searches and future high-energy neutrino telescopes will probe $ν$SI.
description: Version accepted in PRL, added Supplemental Material with derivation of fluid equations and comparison with previous literature; 5 pages, 3 figures, plus Supplemental Material
Controlling Campylabacter in the Chicken Meat Chain: A Cost-Utility Analysis
Creators: name: Mangen, Marie-Josee J.
name: Havelaar, Arie H.
name: Nauta, Maarten J.
name: De Koeijer, Aline A.
name: De Wit, G. Ardine
name: Mangen, Marie-Josee J.
name: Havelaar, Arie H.
name: Nauta, Maarten J.
name: De Koeijer, Aline A.
name: De Wit, G. Ardine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: food safety
subject: cost-utility
subject: disease burden
subject: Campylobacter
subject: chicken meat

description: The aim of this study was the estimation of cost-utility of interventions to control Campylobacter contamination of broiler meat. The relative risk, the intervention costs, the disease burden (expressed in DALYs) and the costs-of-illness for the various interventions were necessary inputs for the cost-utility analysis. The cost-utility is expressed in net costs per reduced DALY. The most cost-effective interventions are: reduction of faeces leakage in the slaughter line and decontamination of the carcass by dipping in a chemical solution. Phage therapy might be another cost-effective intervention, depending on assumed costs/chicken. Irradiation is the most efficient intervention, but the least cost-effective.
Prescriptive use of Environmental Indices: A "How To" Guide for Conservation Programs
Creators: name: Cattaneo, Andrea
name: Cattaneo, Andrea
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: environmental payments
subject: program design
subject: participation incentives

description: A framework for analyzing conservation programs that rank applications using environmental indices is presented. We derive the optimal bid from the farmer's perspective for both land retirement and working lands agri-environmental payment programs and we analyze how these solutions depend on program design parameters. The distinction is made between environmental objectives based on whether the farmer exercises control or not over the level proposed in a bid to participate in a program. The optimization model is solved analytically for two cases - a land retirement and a working lands program - highlighting the differences in the results.
Modeling Current and Future High-Cadence Surveys of Repeating FRB Populations
Creators: name: McGregor, Kyle
name: Lorimer, Duncan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, the CHIME (Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment) interferometer has revealed a large number of Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs), including a sizable population that demonstrates repeating behavior. This transit facility, employing a real-time FRB search pipeline, continually scans the sky with declinations between $-10^{\circ}$ and $90^{\circ}$ for events with fluences $\gtrapprox 0.4$ Jy ms. We simulate a population of repeating FRBs by performing Monte Carlo simulations of underlying source populations processed through a mock CHIME/FRB observing pipeline. Assuming intrinsic repeater rates follow a Poisson distribution, we test assumptions about the burst populations of the repeater sample, and construct models of the FRB sample assuming various cosmological distributions. We infer the completeness of CHIME/FRB observations as a function of observing cadence and redshifts out to 0.5. We find that, if all simulated bursts have a fixed Poisson probability of repetition over their integrated time of observation, repeating burst detections across comoving volume should continue to grow near linearly on the order of decades. We predict that around 170 of the current CHIME/FRB one-off sources will ultimately repeat. We also make projections for FRB repeaters by future facilities and demonstrate that the number of repeaters they find could saturate on a $\sim$3 yr timescale.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Andrews-Gordon identities from combinations of Virasoro characters
Creators: name: Feigin, Boris
name: Foda, Omar
name: Welsh, Trevor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For p \in {3, 4} and all p' > p, with p' coprime to p, we obtain fermionic expressions for the combination χ^{p, p'}_{1, s} + q^Δ χ^{p, p'}_{p-1,s} of Virasoro (W_2) characters for various values of s, and particular choices of Delta. Equating these expressions with known product expressions, we obtain q-series identities which are akin to the Andrews-Gordon identities. For p=3, these identities were conjectured by Bytsko. For p=4, we obtain identities whose form is a variation on that of the p=3 cases. These identities appear to be new. The case (p,p')=(3,14) is particularly interesting because it relates not only to W_2, but also to W_3 characters, and offers W_3 analogues of the original Andrews-Gordon identities. Our fermionic expressions for these characters differ from those of Andrews et al which involve Gaussian polynomials.
description: 18 pages, latex. Improved exposition, added comments for clarity, added references. No changes to content. The Ramanujan Journal, published online on September 21, 2007 via http://www.springerlink.com/content/478544t414l26v05/
Likelihood-based Sensor Calibration using Affine Transformation
Creators: name: Machhamer, Rüdiger
name: Fazlic, Lejla Begic
name: Guven, Eray
name: Junk, David
name: Kurt, Gunes Karabulut
name: Naumann, Stefan
name: Didas, Stephan
name: Gollmer, Klaus-Uwe
name: Bergmann, Ralph
name: Timm, Ingo J.
name: Dartmann, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An important task in the field of sensor technology is the efficient implementation of adaptation procedures of measurements from one sensor to another sensor of identical design. One idea is to use the estimation of an affine transformation between different systems, which can be improved by the knowledge of experts. This paper presents an improved solution from Glacier Research that was published back in 1973. The results demonstrate the adaptability of this solution for various applications, including software calibration of sensors, implementation of expert-based adaptation, and paving the way for future advancements such as distributed learning methods. One idea here is to use the knowledge of experts for estimating an affine transformation between different systems. We evaluate our research with simulations and also with real measured data of a multi-sensor board with 8 identical sensors. Both data set and evaluation script are provided for download. The results show an improvement for both the simulation and the experiments with real data.
Lack of isomorphic embeddings of symmetric function spaces into operator ideals
Creators: name: Astashkin, Sergei
name: Huang, Jinghao
name: Sukochev, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $E(0,1)$ be a symmetric space on $(0,1)$ and $C_F$ be a symmetric ideal of compact operators on the Hilbert space $\ell_2$ associated with a symmetric sequence space $F$. We give several criteria for $E(0,1)$ and $ F$ so that $E(0,1)$ does not embed into the ideal $C_F$, extending the result for the case when $E(0,1)=L_p(0,1)$ and $F=\ell_p $, $1\le p
Experimental hierarchy of the nonclassicality of single-qubit states via potentials for entanglement, steering, and Bell nonlocality
Creators: name: Kadlec, Josef
name: Bartkiewicz, Karol
name: Černoch, Antonín
name: Lemr, Karel
name: Miranowicz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement potentials are a promising way to quantify the nonclassicality of single-mode states. They are defined by the amount of entanglement (expressed by, e.g., the Wootters concurrence) obtained after mixing the examined single-mode state with a purely classical state; such as the vacuum or a coherent state. We generalize the idea of entanglement potentials to other quantum correlations: the EPR steering and Bell nonlocality, thus enabling us to study mutual hierarchies of these nonclassicality potentials. Instead of the usual vacuum and one-photon superposition states, we experimentally test this concept using specially tailored polarization-encoded single-photon states. One polarization encodes a given nonclassical single-mode state, while the other serves as the vacuum place-holder. This technique proves to be experimentally more convenient in comparison to the vacuum and a one-photon superposition as it does not require the vacuum detection.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
General laws of the propagation of ultrafast vortices in free space
Creators: name: Porras, Miguel A.
name: García-Álvarez, Raúl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conduct a theoretical study of the propagation of few-cycle, ultrafast vortices (UFVs) carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) in free space. Our analysis reveals much more complex temporal dynamics than that of few-cycle fundamental Gaussian-like beams, particularly when approaching the single-cycle regime and the magnitude of the topological charge $l$ is high. The recently described lower bound $\sqrt{|l|}$ to the number of oscillations of UFVs with propagation-invariant temporal shape (isodiffracting UFVs) is found to hold on average also for UFVs of general type, with variations along the propagation direction above and below that bound, even vanishing locally. These variations are determined by the so-called Porras factor or $g_0$-factor characterizing the dependence of the Rayleigh distance of the spectral constituents with frequency. With a given available bandwidth, UFVs must widen temporally with increasing magnitude of the topological charge, and must widen or may shrink temporally during propagation as a result of the axially varying, $g_0$-dependent lower bound. Under very restrictive conditions in their generation, an UFV can be shrunk below the lower bound $\sqrt{|l|}$ at a focus into a kind of locally compressed state of OAM, but it broadens well-above $\sqrt{|l|}$ and distorts in a tiny fraction of the depth of focus because of the dispersions introduced by Gouy's phase and wave front mismatch. These propagation phenomena have implications and should be taken into account in experiments and applications of UFVs, such as the generation of high-harmonics and attosecond pulses with high OAM, or in OAM-based ultrafast communications systems, as well as in other areas of physics such as acoustics or electron waves.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Teleportation with trapped ions in a magnetic field gradient
Creators: name: Deng, Z. J.
name: Feng, M.
name: Gao, K. L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of the Ising terms generated by Coulomb interaction between ions and the magnetic field gradient, we carry out teleportation with insurance with trapped ions. We show the feasibility and the favorable feature of our scheme by comparing with the recently achieved teleportation experiments with trapped ions.
description: 14 pages with 3 tables and 2 figures included, to appear in Phys.Lett.A
Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade with Imperfect Substitution and Trade Costs
Creators: name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: SPS
subject: WTO
subject: technical barriers
subject: Japan
subject: trade cost

description: The price-wedge method yields a tariff-equivalent estimate of technical barriers to trade (TBT). An extension of this method accounts for imperfect substitution between domestic and imported goods and incorporates recent findings on trade costs. We explore the sensitivity of this revamped tariff equivalent estimate to its determinants (substitution elasticity, preference for home good, trade cost, and the reference data chosen). We use the approach to investigate the ongoing U.S.-Japan apple trade dispute and find that removing the Japanese TBT would yield limited export gains to the United States. We then draw policy implications of our findings.
Accurate numerical potential and field in razor-thin axisymmetric discs
Creators: name: Hure, Jean-Marc
name: Pierens, Arnaud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the high accuracy of the density splitting method to compute the gravitational potential and field in the plane of razor-thin, axially symmetric discs, as preliminarily outlined in Pierens & Hure (2004). Because residual kernels in Poisson integrals are not C^infinity-class functions, we use a dynamical space mapping in order to increase the efficiency of advanced quadrature schemes. In terms of accuracy, results are better by orders of magnitude than for the classical FFT-methods.
description: 11 pages, 5 color figures, 2 tables
Charm meson couplings in hard-wall Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Momeni, S.
name: Saghebfar, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The four-flavor hard-wall holographic QCD is studied to evaluate the couplings of $(D^{_{-(*-)}}, \bar{D}^{_0}, a_1^{_-})$, $(D^{_{-(*-)}}, \bar{D}^{_0}, b_1^{_-})$, $(D_{s}^{_{-(*-)}},\bar{D}^{_0}, K_{1A}^{_-})$, $(D_s^{_{-(*-)}}, \bar{D}^{_0}, K_{1B}^{_{-(*-)}})$, $(D_s^{_{+(*+)}}, D^{_+}, K_{1A}^{_0})$, $(D_s^{_{+(*+)}}, D^{_+}, K_{1B}^{_0})$, $(D^{_{-(*-)}}, \bar{D}^{_{0(*0)}}, ρ^{_-})$, $(D_s^{_{-(*-)}}, \bar{D}^{_{0(*0)}}, K^{_{*-}})$, $(D^{_{0(*0)}}, \bar{D}^{_{0(*0)}}, ψ)$, $(D_1^{_-}, \bar{D}_1^{_0}, π^{_-})$, $(D_{s1}^{_-}, \bar{D}_1^{_0}, K^{_{-}})$, $(D_1^{_0}, \bar{D}_1^{_0}, η_c)$, $(ψ, D^{_{0(*0)}}, D^{_+}, π^{_-})$, $(ψ, D^{_{0(*0)}}, \bar{D}^{_0}, π^{_0})$, $(ψ, D_{s}^{_{+(*+)}}, D^{_-}, K^{_0})$, $(ψ, D^{_{0(*0)}}, D^{_+}, a_1^{_-})$, $(ψ, D^{_{0(*0)}}, D^{_+}, b_1^{_-})$, $(ψ, D_s^{_{+(*+)}}, D^{_-}, K_{1B}^{_0})$ and $(ψ, D_s^{_{+(*+)}}, D^{_-}, K_{1B}^{_0})$ vertices. Moreover, the values of the masses of $D^{_{0(*0)}}$, $D_s^{_{-(*-)}}$, $ω$, $ψ$, $D_1^{_0}$, $D_1^{_{-}}$, $K^0$, $η_{c}$, $D_{s1}^{_-}$ and $χ_{_{c1}}$ as well as the decay constant of $π^-$, $D^{_{-(*-)}}$, $K^-$, $ρ^-$, $D_1^{_-}$ , $a_1^-$ and $D_s^{_{-(*-)}}$ are estimated in this study. A comparison is also made between our results and the experimental values of the masses and decay constants. Our results for strong couplings are also compared with the 3PSR and LCSR predictions.
LEDGER PROVISION IN HOG MARKETING CONTRACTS
Creators: name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Lien, Donald
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Lien, Donald
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: commodity option
subject: contract production
subject: forward rate agreement

description: Some long-term marketing contracts in the North American hog sector provide for price-dependent loan agreements at low rates. We show that these provisions linking pricing with financing are hybrids between forward rate agreements and commodity options. This observation presents approaches for valuing the stipulations. We suggest that the ledger arrangement is transaction-cost efficient, especially for a packer with a natural partial pass-through hedge from retail market positions.
Tariff Equivalent of Technical Barriers to Trade with Imperfect Substitution and Trade Costs
Creators: name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Yue, Chengyan
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: apple
subject: Japan
subject: SPS
subject: TBT
subject: technical barriers to trade
subject: trade cost
subject: trade dispute
subject: WTO

description: The price-wedge method yields a tariff-equivalent estimate of technical barriers to trade (TBT). An extension of this method accounts for imperfect substitution between domestic and imported goods and incorporates recent findings on trade costs. We explore the sensitivity of this revamped TBT estimate to its key determinants (substitution elasticity, preference for home good, and trade cost). We use the augmented approach to investigate the ongoing US-Japan apple trade dispute and find that removing the Japanese TBT would yield limited export gains to the United States. We then draw policy implications of our findings.
Gravitational Wave Heating
Creators: name: Kakkat, Vishnu
name: Bishop, Nigel T.
name: Kubeka, Amos S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was shown in previous work that when a gravitational wave (GW) passes through a viscous shell of matter the magnitude of the GW will be damped and there are astrohysical circumstances in which the damping is almost complete. The energy transfer from the GWs to the fluid will increase its temperature. We construct a model for this process and obtain an expression for the temperature distribution inside the shell in terms of spherical harmonics. Further, it is shown that this effect is astrophysically significant: a model problem is constructed for which the temperature increase is of order $10^6{}^\circ$K.