cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Abstract Fixpoint Computations with Numerical Acceleration Methods
Creators: name: Bouissou, Olivier
name: Seladji, Yassamine
name: Chapoutot, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Static analysis by abstract interpretation aims at automatically proving properties of computer programs. To do this, an over-approximation of program semantics, defined as the least fixpoint of a system of semantic equations, must be computed. To enforce the convergence of this computation, widening operator is used but it may lead to coarse results. We propose a new method to accelerate the computation of this fixpoint by using standard techniques of numerical analysis. Our goal is to automatically and dynamically adapt the widening operator in order to maintain precision.
СТРУКТУРА ГОТОВНОСТІ МАЙБУТНІХ ПЕДІАТРІВ ДО РОБОТИ В КОМАНДІ
Creators: name: Карпова М.Є.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: колективна робота
педіатри
готовність до колективної роботи.

description: У статті на основі аналізу науково-педагогічної літератури розглядається суть поняття “готов-ність майбутніх педіатрів до роботи в команді”. Наведено авторське визначення поняття “формування готовності педіатрів до роботи в команді”. Описано компоненти готовності майбутніх педіатрів до роботи в команді: мотиваційно-ціннісний, когнітивний, діяльнісно-функціональний, комунікативний, осо-бистісний, в яких чітко визначено окреслені критерії та показники. Обґрунтовано доцільність форму-вання високого рівня готовності майбутніх педіатрів до роботи в команді в контексті професійної під-готовки.
Lyman-alpha wing absorption in cool white dwarf stars
Creators: name: Rohrmann, R. D.
name: Althaus, L. G.
name: Kepler, S. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kowalski & Saumon (2006) identified the missing absorption mechanism in the observed spectra of cool white dwarf stars as the Ly-alpha red wing formed by the collisions between atomic and molecular hydrogen and successfully explained entire spectra of many cool DA-type white dwarfs. Owing to the important astrophysical implications of this issue, we present here an independent assessment of the process. For this purpose, we compute free-free quasi-molecular absorption in Lyman-alpha due to collisions with H and H2 within the one-perturber, quasi-static approximation. Line cross-sections are obtained using theoretical molecular potentials to describe the interaction between the radiating atom and the perturber. The variation of the electric-dipole transition moment with the interparticle distance is also considered. Six and two allowed electric dipole transitions due to H-H and H-H2 collisions, respectively, are taken into account. The new theoretical Lyman-alpha line profiles are then incorporated in our stellar atmosphere program for the computation of synthetic spectra and colours of DA-type white dwarfs. Illustrative model atmospheres and spectral energy distributions are computed, which show that Ly-alpha broadening by atoms and molecules has a significant effect on the white dwarf atmosphere models. The inclusion of this collision-induced opacity significantly reddens spectral energy distributions and affects the broadband colour indices for model atmospheres with Teff<5000 K. These results confirm those previously obtained by Kowalski & Saumon (2006). Our study points out the need for reliable evaluations of H3 potential energy surfaces covering a large region of nuclear configurations, in order to obtain a better description of H-H2 collisions and a more accurate evaluation of their influence on the spectrum of cool white dwarfs.
description: 11 pages, 12 figures, 1 table, to be published in MNRAS
Cavity cooling of leptons for increased antihydrogen production at ALPHA
Creators: name: Evetts, Nathan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Precise spectroscopic measurements of anti-hydrogen at the ALPHA experiment are hindered by small numbers of cold anti-atoms. This thesis describes a cooling technique for positron plasmas which can be used to increase the number of trappable anti-hydrogen atoms. The technique builds on previous work which allows control of spontaneous emission via the Purcell Effect. Our implementation incorporates a novel microwave resonator into an existing Penning trap to enhance spontaneous emission. Preliminary data suggests that temperatures and cooling rates for these plasmas can be improved by at least a factor of 10. Eventually this work could result in an order of magnitude increase in anti-hydrogen production at ALPHA.
Additional file 3 of Revisiting genetic artifacts on DNA methylation microarrays exposes novel biological implications
Creators: name: Planterose Jiménez, Benjamin
name: Kayser, Manfred
name: Vidaki, Athina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3. Review history.
The magnesium paradigm in IRC+10216: Discovery of MgC$_4$H$^+$, MgC$_3$N$^+$, MgC$_6$H$^+$, and MgC$_5$N$^+$
Creators: name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Cabezas, C.
name: Pardo, J. R.
name: Agúndez, M.
name: Roncero, O.
name: Tercero, B.
name: marcelino, N.
name: Guélin, M.
name: Endo, Y.
name: deVicente, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We found four series of harmonically related lines in IRC\,+10216 with the Yebes\,40m and IRAM\,30m telescopes. The first series corresponds to a molecule with a rotational constant, $B$, of 1448.5994$\pm$0.0013 MHz and a distortion constant, $D$, of 63.45$\pm$1.15 Hz and covers upper quantum numbers from $J_u$=11 up to 33 (B1449). The second series is fitted with $B$=1446.9380$\pm$0.0098 MHz and $D$=91$\pm$23 Hz and covers upper quantum numbers from $J_u$=11 up to 17 (B1447). The third series is fitted with $B$=598.7495$\pm$0.0011 MHz and D=6.13$\pm$0.43 Hz and covers quantum numbers from $J_u$=26 up to 41 (B599). Finally, the frequencies of the last series of lines can be reproduced with $B$=594.3176$\pm$0.0026 MHz and $D$=4.92$\pm$1.16 Hz (B594). The large values of $D$ point toward four metal-bearing carriers. After exploring all plausible candidates containing Na, Al, Mg, and other metals, our ab initio calculations indicate that the cations MgC$_4$H$^+$, MgC$_3$N$^+$, MgC$_6$H$^+$, and MgC$_5$N$^+$ must be the carriers of B1449, B1447, B599, and B594, respectively. These cations could be formed by the radiative association of Mg$^+$ with C$_4$H, C$_3$N, C$_6$H, and C$_5$N, respectively. We calculated the radiative association rate coefficient of Mg$^+$ with C$_4$H, C$_3$N, C$_6$H, and C$_5$N and incorporated them in our chemical model. The results confirm that the Mg-bearing cations can be formed through these radiative association reactions in the outer layers of IRC\,+10216. This is the first time that cationic metal-bearing species have been found in space. These results provide a new paradigm on the reactivity of ionized metals with abundant radicals and open the door for further characterization of similar species in metal-rich astrophysical environments.
СУЩНОСТЬ ДОКАЗАТЕЛЬСТВЕННОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ СУДОПРОИЗВОДСТВЕ
Creators: name: Чебоньян Т.Г.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: доказывание
гражданский процесс
право
предмет доказывания
процессуальная состязательность сторон.

description: В статье выделены проблемные вопросы теории доказательств, а именно сущности доказательной деятельности в гражданском судопроизводстве и его формирования, сущности доказывания, распреде-ления обязанностей по доказыванию.
Additional file 1 of A rapid review of early guidance to prevent and control COVID-19 in custodial settings
Creators: name: Pearce, Lindsay A.
name: Vaisey, Alaina
name: Keen, Claire
name: Calais-Ferreira, Lucas
name: Foulds, James A.
name: Young, Jesse T.
name: Southalan, Louise
name: Borschmann, Rohan
name: Gray, Ruth
name: Stürup-Toft, Sunita
name: Kinner, Stuart A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. List of recommendations by domain and sub-domain; Description of data: Appendix S1 provides a complete list of all 374 recommendations categorised by domain and sub-domain.
ТРАКТОВКА ЖАНРА КОНЦЕРТА В ТВОРЧЕСТВЕ УЛЬЯМА УОЛТОНА
Creators: name: Астахов В.А.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2020
Subjects: инструментальный концерт
Уильям Уолтон
исполнительская интерпретация.

description: В статье автором обобщены результаты анализа композиционных, драматургических особенно-стей и интерпретационных концерта для альта с оркестром Уильяма Уолтона.
Unified theory of quantum crystals and optical lattices with Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When interactions between particles are strong, at low temperature, these particles can form self-organized quantum crystals, and when the particles interact weakly, periodic structures can be imposed by external fields, e.g. by optical lattices. These opposite cases usually are treated separately, dealing either with quantum crystals or with optical lattices. Here the unified theory is developed for arbitrary particle interaction strength, treating in the frame of the same model both the limiting cases of quantum crystals and optical lattices, as well as the states intermediate between these two limits. Bose particles are considered, hence at low temperature in optical lattices Bose-Einstein condensation can happen, while it seems to be prohibited in ideal quantum crystals that do not contain mesoscopic regions of disorder, such as dislocations and grain boundaries.
description: 21 pages
Ground state of small mixed helium and spin-polarized tritium clusters: a quantum Monte Carlo stud
Creators: name: Stipanović, P.
name: Markić, L. Vranješ
name: Boronat, J.
name: Kežić, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report results for the ground-state energy and structural properties of small $^4$He-T$\downarrow$ clusters consisting of up to 4 T$\downarrow$ and 8 $^4$He atoms. These results have been obtained using very well-known $^4$He-$^4$He and T$\downarrow$-T$\downarrow$ interaction potentials and several models for the $^4$He-T$\downarrow$ interatomic potential. All the calculations have been performed with variational and diffusion Monte Carlo methods. It takes at least three atoms to form a mixed bound state. In particular, for small clusters the binding energies are significantly affected by the precise form of the $^4$He-T$\downarrow$ interatomic potential but the stability limits remain unchanged. The only exception is the $^4$He$_2$T$\downarrow$ trimer whose stability in the case of the weakest $^4$He-T$\downarrow$ interaction potential is uncertain, while it seems stable for other potentials. The mixed trimer $^4$He(T$\downarrow$)$_2$, a candidate for Borromean state, is not bound. All other studied clusters are stable. Some of the weakest bound clusters can be classified as quantum halos, as a consequence of having high probability of being in a classically forbidden region.
description: 20 pages, accepted for publication in J. Chem. Phys
Object Based Image Segmentation Algorithm of SAGA GIS for Detecting Urban Spaces in Yaoundé, Cameroon
Creators: name: Lemenkova, Polina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90901 Cartography
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: Geography
subject: Physical Geography
subject: 60302 Biogeography and Phylogeography
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80103 Computer Graphics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80104 Computer Vision

description: Present study is focused on the satellite image processing by means of SAGA GIS. The objective of the study is assessment and analysis of the core urban areas and its spatial distribution in the limits of the city and suburbs. The study area includes Yaoundé and its surroundings, Republic of Cameroon. The methodology includes Object Based Image Segmentation (OBIS) approach by SAGA GIS. The paper presents a methodologically structured workflow used in SAGA GIS for segmentation of the Sentinel-2A image. The segmentation techniques includes adjusting technical parameters, performing neighborhood approach and post-processing procedures (unsupervised classification, number of clusters). The OBIS model and SAGA GIS were used as main methods and machine learning techniques for image segmentation. Data include Sentinel-2A satellite image with high resolution (10 m). The image was analyzed by two approaches of cell neighborhood analysis: Moore and Neumann. The results showed following numerical parameters of the computed area: the perimeter of 1,060,560 km and an area estimated for the Yaoundé city 191,745,000 km2. The Neumann approach demonstrated better results for image clustering. The results presented automatically detected and separated segments of the city areas and other land cover types (savannah, forests, mountains). The spectral reflectance of various land cover types on a satellite image enables to group pixels of the image into classes using segmentation technique which has an important impact on the conceptual methodology of the urban mapping. The results of the image segmentation show the average values of the Neumann approach more correct in urban area than Moore approach. The accuracy assessment demonstrated 74.63% for the core urban area by using the Neumann method. The applicability of SAGA GIS for automated methods of image processing using machine learning algorithm of OBIS is presented and the advantages are discussed. The study demonstrated the effectiveness of the high-resolution Sentinel-2A for socio-economic studies, exemplified by urban mapping where remote sensing data serve as reliable sources of geoinformation. The advantages of the OBIS are discussed with detailed explanation of the SAGA GIS workflow.
Evidence of experimental three-wave resonant interactions between two dispersion branches
Creators: name: Novkoski, Filip
name: Pham, Chi-Tuong
name: Falcon, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of nonlinear three-wave resonant interactions between two different branches of the dispersion relation of hydrodynamic waves, namely the gravity-capillary and sloshing modes. These atypical interactions are investigated within a torus of fluid for which the sloshing mode can be easily excited. A triadic resonance instability is then observed due to this three-wave two-branch interaction mechanism. An exponential growth of the instability and phase locking are evidenced. The efficiency of this interaction is found to be maximal when the gravity-capillary phase velocity matches the group velocity of the sloshing mode. For a stronger forcing, additional waves are generated by a cascade of three-wave interactions populating the wave spectrum. Such a three-wave two-branch interaction mechanism is probably not restricted to hydrodynamics and could be of interest in other systems involving several propagation modes.
The experimental operations and supplentary data from The optimization of heterogeneous catalytic conditions in the direct alkylation of waste vegetable oil
Creators: name: Gao, Cheng-Long
name: Wang, Xin
name: Gang, Hong-Ze
name: Liu, Jin-Feng
name: Mu, Bo-Zhong
name: Yang, Shi-Zhong
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: Alkylated waste vegetable oil is a versatile intermediate product in the synthesis of bio-based materials. Heterogeneous catalytic condition with high conversion rate in the direct alkylation of waste vegetable oil was reported and the deactivation mechanism of catalyst was revealed. The total exchange capacity, elemental composition and pyrolysis product of catalyst before and after the alkylation reaction were analysed by back titration, elemental analysis, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, gas chromatography mass spectrometry and pyrolysis-gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, respectively. The results indicated that the metallic and non-metallic (C, H) elements contents of the catalyst have very much increased with great changes in pyrolysis product and a slight decrease in the total exchange capacity. The formation of insoluble polymers through Diels-Alder cycloaddition between triglycerides was proved to be the major factor causing the dysfunction of the catalytic centre. The metal ions from corrosion of the reactor were the minor factor causing about 2.56% loss of the catalytic centre. Moreover, the catalyst was able to maintain high catalytic efficiency when replacing the raw materials with other waste vegetable oil having low concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids, which is significant for producing not only the aryl fatty acids derivatives but also the bio-based surfactants.
Additional file 1 of Trends in healthcare visits and antimicrobial prescriptions for acute infectious diarrhea in individuals aged 65 years or younger in Japan from 2013 to 2018 based on administrative claims database: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Ono, Akane
name: Aoyagi, Kensuke
name: Muraki, Yuichi
name: Asai, Yusuke
name: Tsuzuki, Shinya
name: Koizumi, Ryuji
name: Azuma, Toshiaki
name: Kusama, Yoshiki
name: Ohmagari, Norio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Definitions of the classification for bacterial or nonbacterial acute infectious diarrhea based on ICD-10 code. Table S2. Definitions of medical backgrounds excluded in the evaluation of antimicrobial use. Table S3. Definitions of antimicrobial categories based on ATC codes and the category name (capitalized) in this study. Table S4. Total numbers of annual visits with acute infectious diarrhea by age group and sex. Table S5-1. Numbers and proportions of acute infectious diarrhea to total visits for each diagnosis code by age group and in total, N (%).Table S5-2. Numbers and visit rate of acute infectious diarrhea based on diagnosis code by age group and in total, N (visit rates). Table S6. Numbers of annual visits among normally healthy patients with acute infectious diarrhea alone by age group and sex.
Quantifying the Impact of Data Characteristics on the Transferability of Sleep Stage Scoring Models
Creators: name: Supratak, Akara
name: Haddawy, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep learning models for scoring sleep stages based on single-channel EEG have been proposed as a promising method for remote sleep monitoring. However, applying these models to new datasets, particularly from wearable devices, raises two questions. First, when annotations on a target dataset are unavailable, which different data characteristics affect the sleep stage scoring performance the most and by how much? Second, when annotations are available, which dataset should be used as the source of transfer learning to optimize performance? In this paper, we propose a novel method for computationally quantifying the impact of different data characteristics on the transferability of deep learning models. Quantification is accomplished by training and evaluating two models with significant architectural differences, TinySleepNet and U-Time, under various transfer configurations in which the source and target datasets have different recording channels, recording environments, and subject conditions. For the first question, the environment had the highest impact on sleep stage scoring performance, with performance degrading by over 14% when sleep annotations were unavailable. For the second question, the most useful transfer sources for TinySleepNet and the U-Time models were MASS-SS1 and ISRUC-SG1, containing a high percentage of N1 (the rarest sleep stage) relative to the others. The frontal and central EEGs were preferred for TinySleepNet. The proposed approach enables full utilization of existing sleep datasets for training and planning model transfer to maximize the sleep stage scoring performance on a target problem when sleep annotations are limited or unavailable, supporting the realization of remote sleep monitoring.
Two-Temperature GRMHD Simulations of Black Hole Accretion Flows with Multiple Magnetic Loops
Creators: name: Jiang, Hong-Xuan
name: Mizuno, Yosuke
name: Fromm, Christian M.
name: Nathanail, Antonios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a series of two-dimensional two-temperature general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of magnetized accretion flows initiated from tori with different sizes and poloidal magnetic loop polarities. In these two temperature simulations, we trace the process of heating electrons through turbulence and reconnection, most of the time these electrons are trapped in plasmoids. We found that the accretion process strongly depends on the size of the magnetic loops. The accretion flows never reach the magnetically arrested (MAD) regime in small loop cases. Interaction between magnetic field with different polarities dissipates and decreases the efficiency of magneto-rotational instability. The dependency on the wavelength of the loops places a lower limit on the loop size. In the large loop cases, after reaching a quasi-steady phase, a transition from Standard And Normal Evolution (SANE) flow to MAD flow is observed. The transition of the accretion state and the transition time depends on the initial loop wavelength. The formation of plasmoids strongly depends on the size of the magnetic loops. The frequent magnetic reconnection between the magnetic loops is responsible for the formation of most of the plasmoids. For some plasmoids, Kelvin-Helmholtz and tearing instabilities are coexisting, showing another channel of plasmoid formation. The simulations present that electrons in the plasmoids are well-heated up by turbulent and magnetic reconnection. Different properties of plasmoid formation in different magnetic field configurations provide new insights for the understanding of flaring activity and electron thermodynamics in Sgr A*.
description: 18 pages, 25 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A physically derived eddy parameterization for giant planet atmospheres with application on hot-Jupiter atmospheres
Creators: name: Arfaux, Anthony
name: Lavvas, Panayotis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a parameterization for the eddy diffusion profile of gas giant exoplanets based on physical phenomena and we explore how the parameterized eddy profile impacts the chemical composition, the thermal structure, the haze microphysics, and the transit spectra of 8 hot-Jupiters. Our eddy parameterization depends on the planetary intrinsic temperature (T$_{int}$ ), we thus evaluate how the increase of this parameter to values higher than those typically used ($\sim$100K) impacts the atmospheric structure and composition. Our investigation demonstrates that despite the strong impact of T$_{int}$ on the chemical composition of the deep atmosphere, the upper atmosphere is not affected for T$_{eq}$ $>$ 1300 K owing to high altitude quench levels at these conditions. Below this threshold, however, the larger atmospheric temperatures produced by increasing T$_{int}$ affect the quenched chemical composition. Our parameterization depends on two parameters, the eddy magnitude at the radiative-convective boundary (K$_0$) and the corresponding magnitude at the homopause (K$_{top}$). We demonstrate that, when using common K$_0$ and K$_{top}$ values among most of the different planet cases studied, we derive transit spectra consistent with Hubble Space Telescope observations. Moreover, our simulations show that increasing the eddy profile enhances the photochemical production of haze particles and reduces their average radius, thus providing a steeper UV-Visible slope. Finally, we demonstrate for WASP-39b that the James Webb Space Telescope observations provide improved constraints for the hazes and clouds and we show that both components seem necessary to interpret the combined transit spectrum from HST and JWST observations.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Absolute Flux Calibration of the IRAC Instrument on the Spitzer Space Telescope using Hubble Space Telescope Flux Standards
Creators: name: Bohlin, R. C.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Ardila, D.
name: Carey, S.
name: Deustua, S.
name: Engelbracht, C.
name: Ferguson, H. C.
name: Flanagan, K.
name: Kalirai, J.
name: Meixner, M.
name: Noriega-Crespo, A.
name: Su, K. Y. L.
name: Tremblay, P. -E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The absolute flux calibration of the James Webb Space Telescope will be based on a set of stars observed by the Hubble and Spitzer Space Telescopes. In order to cross-calibrate the two facilities, several A, G, and white dwarf (WD) stars are observed with both Spitzer and Hubble and are the prototypes for a set of JWST calibration standards. The flux calibration constants for the four Spitzer IRAC bands 1-4 are derived from these stars and are 2.3, 1.9, 2.0, and 0.5% lower than the official cold-mission IRAC calibration of Reach et al. (2005), i.e. in agreement within their estimated errors of ~2%. The causes of these differences lie primarily in the IRAC data reduction and secondarily in the SEDs of our standard stars. The independent IRAC 8 micron band-4 fluxes of Rieke et al. (2008) are about 1.5 +/- 2% higher than those of Reach et al. and are also in agreement with our 8 micron result.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
130Te Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay with CUORICINO
Creators: name: Andreotti, E.
name: Arnaboldi, C.
name: Avignone, F. T.
name: Balata, M.
name: Bandac, I.
name: Barucci, M.
name: Beeman, J. W.
name: Bellini, F.
name: Brofferio, C.
name: Bryant, A.
name: Bucci, C.
name: Canonica, L.
name: Capelli, S.
name: Carbone, L.
name: Carrettoni, M.
name: Clemenza, M.
name: Cremonesi, O.
name: Creswick, R. J.
name: Di Domizio, S.
name: Dolinski, M. J.
name: Ejzak, L.
name: Faccini, R.
name: Farach, H. A.
name: Ferri, E.
name: Fiorini, E.
name: Foggetta, L.
name: Giachero, A.
name: Gironi, L.
name: Giuliani, A.
name: Gorla, P.
name: Guardincerri, E.
name: Gutierrez, T. D.
name: Haller, E. E.
name: Kazkaz, K.
name: Kraft, S.
name: Kogler, L.
name: Maiano, C.
name: Maruyama, R. H.
name: Martinez, C.
name: Martinez, M.
name: Newman, S.
name: Nisi, S.
name: Nones, C.
name: Norman, E. B.
name: Nucciotti, A.
name: Orio, F.
name: Pallavicini, M.
name: Palmieri, V.
name: Pattavina, L.
name: Pavan, M.
name: Pedretti, M.
name: Pessina, G.
name: Pirro, S.
name: Previtali, E.
name: Risegari, L.
name: Rosenfeld, C.
name: Rusconi, C.
name: Salvioni, C.
name: Sangiorgio, S.
name: Schaeffer, D.
name: Scielzo, N. D.
name: Sisti, M.
name: Smith, A. R.
name: Tomei, C.
name: Ventura, G.
name: Vignati, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the final result of the CUORICINO experiment. Operated between 2003 and 2008, with a total exposure of 19.75 kg y of 130Te, CUORICINO was able to set a lower bound on the 130Te 0nDBD half-life of 2.8 10^{24} years at 90% C.L. The limit here reported includes the effects of systematic uncertainties that are examined in detail in the paper. The corresponding upper bound on the neutrino Majorana mass is in the range 300--710 meV, depending on the adopted nuclear matrix element evaluation.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Separatist parties in central parliaments
Creators: name: McGovern, Clare
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation examines separatist political parties who compete in central elections and sit in central legislatures, focusing on the Scottish National Party, the 19th-century Irish Parliamentary Party and the Bloc Québécois. These cases represent an intriguing paradox: politicians who engage with the very institutions they wish to leave, using the existing political system to make a case for exit. Contrary to previous scholarly work on anti-system parties, my findings suggest that separatists do not always attack the political system. Indeed, they sometimes participate actively in institutions, despite being fundamentally opposed to the current constitutional set-up. These parties vary their electoral and legislative behaviour over time, in response to the potential for self-government and the structure of electoral competition. When self-government is taken off the immediate political agenda (for example after a failed referendum) I find that parties get more involved in parliamentary activities at the statewide level, beginning to use the legislature as a platform for their region's grievances. When self-government is imminent, separatists only participate in parliament if they are pivotal and therefore able to bargain over the terms of self-government. In election campaigns, separatists do not always focus on their region's grievances and their desire for independence. Grieving occurred most frequently when the separatist party was competing with the government party, as it was in its electoral interest to paint a negative picture of the region's fortunes, blaming this on the electoral rival. However, when competing with the official opposition party, separatists campaigned as the region's champion in the central legislature, claiming credit for services that their region has received. In doing so, they tacitly supported the constitutional status quo, arguing that their region can prosper in the existing system.
Revisiting K2-233 spectroscopic time-series with multidimensional Gaussian Processes
Creators: name: Barragán, Oscar
name: Gillen, Edward
name: Aigrain, Suzanne
name: Meech, Annabella
name: Klein, Baptiste
name: Nielsen, Louise Dyregaard
name: Yu, Haochuan
name: O'Sullivan, Niamh K.
name: Nicholson, Belinda A.
name: Lillo-Box, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting planetary signatures in radial velocity time-series of young stars is challenging due to their inherently strong stellar activity. However, it is possible to learn information about the properties of the stellar signal by using activity indicators measured from the same stellar spectra used to extract radial velocities. In this manuscript, we present a reanalysis of spectroscopic HARPS data of the young star K2-233, which hosts three transiting planets. We perform a multidimensional Gaussian Process regression on the radial velocity and the activity indicators to characterise the planetary Doppler signals. We demonstrate, for the first time on a real dataset, that the use of a multidimensional Gaussian Process can boost the precision with which we measure the planetary signals compared to a one-dimensional Gaussian Process applied to the radial velocities alone. We measure the semi-amplitudes of K2-233 b, c, and d as 1.31(-0.74)(+0.81), 1.81(-0.67)(+0.71), and 2.72(-0.70)(+0.66) m/s, which translates into planetary masses of 2.4(-1.3)(+1.5), 4.6(-1.7)(+1.8), and 10.3(-2.6)(+2.4), respectively. These new mass measurements make K2-233 d a valuable target for transmission spectroscopy observations with JWST. K2-233 is the only young system with two detected inner planets below the radius valley and a third outer planet above it. This makes it an excellent target to perform comparative studies, to inform our theories of planet evolution, formation, migration, and atmospheric evolution.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
On the anti-correlation between pericentric distance and inner dark matter density of Milky Way's dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Creators: name: Cardona-Barrero, Salvador
name: Battaglia, Giuseppina
name: Nipoti, Carlo
name: Di Cintio, Arianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An anti-correlation between the central density of the dark matter halo ($ρ_{150,\ {\rm DM}}$) and the pericentric distances ($r_{p}$) of the Milky Way's (MW's) dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSphs) has been reported in the literature. The existence and origin of such anti-correlation is however controversial, one possibility being that only the densest dSphs can survive the tidal field towards the centre of our Galaxy. In this work, we place particular emphasis on quantifying the statistical significance of such anti-correlation, by using available literature data in order to explore its robustness under different assumptions on the MW gravitational potential, and for various derivations of $ρ_{150}$ and $r_{p}$. We consider models in which the MW is isolated and has a low ($8.8\times10^{11}\,M_{\odot}$) and high ($1.6\times10^{12}\, M_{\odot}$) halo mass, respectively, as well as configurations in which the MW's potential is perturbed by a Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) infall. We find that, while data generally support models in which the dSphs' central DM density decreases as a function of their pericentric radius, this anti-correlation is statistically significant at $3σ$ level only in $\sim$12$\%$ of the combinations of $ρ_{150}$ and $r_{p}$ explored. Moreover, including the impact of the LMC's infall onto the MW weakens or even washes away this anti-correlation, with respect to models in which the MW is isolated. Our results suggest that the strength and existence of such anti-correlation is still debatable: exploring it with high-resolution simulations including baryonic physics and different DM flavours will help us to understand its emergence.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
LeMMINGs. VI. Connecting nuclear activity to bulge properties of active and inactive galaxies: radio scaling relations and galaxy environment
Creators: name: Dullo, B. T.
name: Knapen, J. H.
name: Beswick, R. J.
name: Baldi, R. D.
name: Williams, D. R. A.
name: McHardy, I. M.
name: Green, D. A.
name: de Paz, A. Gil
name: Aalto, S.
name: Alberdi, A.
name: Argo, M. K.
name: Klöckner, H. -R.
name: Mutie, I. M.
name: Saikia, D. J.
name: Saikia, P.
name: Stevens, I. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiwavelength studies indicate that nuclear activity and bulge properties are closely related, but the details remain unclear. To study this further, we combine $Hubble~Space~Telescope$ bulge structural and photometric properties with 1.5 GHz, $e$-MERLIN nuclear radio continuum data from the LeMMINGs survey for a large sample of 173 `active' galaxies (LINERs and Seyferts) and `inactive' galaxies (H IIs and absorption line galaxies, ALGs). Dividing our sample into active and inactive, they define distinct (radio core luminosity)$-$(bulge mass), L_R,core-M_*,bulge, relations, with a mass turnover at M_*, bulge ~ 10^(9.8 +- 0.3) M_sun (supermassive black hole mass M_BH ~ 10^(6.8 +- 0.3) M_sun), which marks the transition from AGN-dominated nuclear radio emission in more massive bulges to that mainly driven by stellar processes in low-mass bulges. None of our 10/173 bulgeless galaxies host an AGN. The AGN fraction increases with increasing M_*, bulge such that f_optical_AGN $\propto$ M_*,bulge^(0.24 +- 0.06) and f_radio_AGN $\propto$ M_*,bulge^(0.24 +- 0.05). Between M_*,bulge ~ 10^8.5 and 10^11.3 M_sun, f_optical_AGN steadily rises from 15 +- 4 to 80 +- 5 per cent. We find that at fixed bulge mass, the radio loudness, nuclear radio activity and the (optical and radio) AGN fraction exhibit no dependence on environment. Radio-loud hosts preferentially possess an early-type morphology than radio-quiet hosts, the two types are however indistinguishable in terms of bulge Sérsic index and ellipticity, while results on the bulge inner logarithmic profile slope are inconclusive. We finally discuss the importance of bulge mass in determining the AGN triggering processes, including potential implications for the nuclear radio emission in nearby galaxies.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Revisiting multiwavelength data on the supersoft X-ray source CAL 83
Creators: name: Stecchini, Paulo E.
name: Diaz, Marcos P.
name: D'Amico, Flavio
name: Jablonski, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we revisit public data on the supersoft X-ray source CAL 83 in the Large Magellanic Cloud. A significant part of our analysis is focused on XMM-Newton X-ray observations, in which updated data reduction procedures and quality assessment were applied. We report on the capability of publicly available hot atmosphere models in describing the source's soft X-ray spectrum. By gathering historical flux measurements in multiple wavelengths and comparing them with the fluxes derived from the X-ray analysis, we find that a $\sim$ 360 kK phenomenological blackbody model describes the spectral energy distribution of CAL 83 fairly well. We also retrieve data from the XMM-Newton UV/optical camera, which is co-alligned with the X-ray instruments and provides strictly simultaneous measurements. These observations demonstrate that the X-ray emission is definitely anti-correlated with emission at longer wavelengths in a time-scale of days to weeks. A closer look at simultaneous X-ray and UV count rates in single light curves reveals that the anti-correlated behaviour is actually present in time scales as short as minutes, suggesting that the origin of variable emission in the system is not unique.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures. To be published in MNRAS
Measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry in inclusive W production in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry in inclusive pp to WX production at sqrt(s)= 7 TeV is presented based on data recorded by the CMS detector at the LHC and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. This high precision measurement of the lepton charge asymmetry, performed in both the W to e nu and W to mu nu channels, provides new insights into parton distribution functions.
Diversification and evolution of Townsend's daisies (Townsendia-Asteraceae) : a phylogenetic and niche modelling perspective
Creators: name: Lee, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Townsendia is a genus of the sunflower family (Asteraceae) flush with species that frequently specialize in marginal habitats limited by various abiotic factors (e.g., soil, temperature, precipitation), particularly in higher elevation habitats. Although species are well defined geographically and morphologically, the evolutionary relationships in the genus remain unclear. This thesis investigates the evolutionary relationships of Townsendia species through phylogenetic inference, and also uses an ecological niche modelling (ENM) approach to better understand the processes that have lead to inter- and intra-specific variation of the genus. Phylogenetic analysis of plastid DNA regions and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) establishes the monophyly of the group, and also recovers a large core polytomy in Townsendia and two clades sister to the rest of the genus. The presence of this core polytomy suggests that the diversity in Townsendia may be the result of a recent and rapid process of adaptive radiation. Further evidence for an adaptive radiation in the genus may appear as greater rates of ecological niche divergence between related species, relative to expectations based on a process of random diversification under background environmental conditions. Looking at interspecific variation, ENMs presented varying levels of niche divergence between related species, suggesting that a combination of niche conservatism and divergence played a role in the evolutionary history of the genus. Niche modelling is also used to better understand the variation present within one species, particularly one with discrete population subsets such as diploid sexuals and polyploid asexuals. Polyploid asexual populations of T. hookeri tend to have a wider and more northerly distribution than their diploid counterparts, though the role of this pattern on the speciation of Townsendia is unclear. Such unequal distributions may arise from differences in dispersal ability, or in abiotic preferences between reproductive types. Comparisons of ENMs between these groups find evidence for intraspecific niche variation, and also predict the role of competitive exclusion, as factors that drive and maintain this distributional pattern. Overall, the combined use of phylogenetic analysis and ecological niche modelling in this thesis improves our understanding regarding the distribution patterns, evolutionary history and speciation pathways of Townsendia.
On metastable vacua in perturbed N=2 theories
Creators: name: Auzzi, Roberto
name: Rabinovici, Eliezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supersymmetry breaking in metastable vacua on the Coulomb branch of perturbed N=2 gauge theories, with gauge group SU(2) and different matter content (N_f=0,2,4). The theory is deformed with a superpotential which is a cubic polynomial in u=Tr Φ^2, where Φis the adjoint superfield. The allowed region of the perturbation parameters in this N=1 theory is plotted as a function of the moduli space coordinate. In the asymptotically free cases a significant fine-tuning in the perturbation parameters is needed to achieve metastable vacua in the weakly coupled region of the moduli space; a lower degree of fine-tuning is required in the strongly coupled regime. In the conformal case (N_f=4 fundamentals) we find that also an explicit mass for the hypermultiplets must be introduced in order to generate metastable vacua. In the case of N_f=2 fundamentals it is possible to achieve a metastable vacuum also in the neighborhood of the Argyres-Douglas fixed point (even if a large degree of fine-tuning is needed in this limit). Direct gauge mediation is discussed; gaugino masses of the same order of the SUSY-breaking can be obtained.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures; v2: some typos corrected
Searching for Magnetic Fields in the Descendants of Massive OB Stars
Creators: name: Grunhut, J. H.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Hanes, D. A.
name: Alecian, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a recent survey of cool, late-type supergiants - the descendants of massive O- and B-type stars - that has systematically detected magnetic fields in these stars using spectropolarimetric observations obtained with ESPaDOnS at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope. Our observations reveal detectable, often complex, Stokes V Zeeman signatures in Least-Squares Deconvolved mean line profiles in a significant fraction of the observed sample of ~30 stars.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, IAUS 272 - Active OB Stars: Structure, Evolution, Mass Loss and Critical Limits
Additional file 1 of Reducing stiffness of shock-absorbing pylon amplifies prosthesis energy loss and redistributes joint mechanical work during walking
Creators: name: Maun, Jenny Anne
name: Gard, Steven A.
name: Major, Matthew J.
name: Takahashi, Kota Z.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Sound ankle–foot power and work. Average power by the sound ankle–foot (n = 12) (A) and mechanical work were computed in the entire stance (B) and during each of the four sub-phases: collision (C), rebound (D), preload (E), and push-off (F). Faster walking speed produced greater magnitudes of work in the entire stance phase (B) and collision (C). Entire stance (B), rebound (D), preload (E), and push-off(F) showed interaction effects. Overall, the sound ankle–foot produced net negative work in the entire stance phase (B). Significant stiffness, speed, and interaction effects are denoted by ‘*’, ‘ + ’, and ‘x’ symbols, respectively.
Inclination-angle of the outflow in IRAS 05553+1631: A method to correct the projection effect
Creators: name: Kong, Shuo
name: Wu, Yuefang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mapping study of IRAS 05553+1631 was performed with 12CO J=3-2 and 13CO J=2-1 lines observed by the KOSMA 3 m-telescope. A core with a size of 0.65 pc and with a LTE mass of 120 M\odot was defined by the mapping with 13CO J=2-1 line. We have identified a bipolar outflow with 12CO J=3-2. For accuracy in the calculation of outflow parameters, overcoming the projection effect is important. We propose a new method to directly calculate the inclination-angle θ. We establish two basic equations with the help of outflow contour diagram and finally obtain the "angle function" and the "angle equation" to derive θ. We apply our method to the outflow of IRAS 05553+1631, finding that θblue is 73\circ and θred is 78\circ. Compared to the parameters initially estimated under an assumption of 45\circ inclination-angle, the newly derived parameters are changed with different factors. For instance, the timescales for the blue and the red lobes are reduced by 0.31 and 0.21, respectively. Larger influences apply to mechanical luminosity, driving force, and mass-loss rate. The comparisons between parameters before and after the correction show that the effect of the inclination-angle cannot be neglected.
description: Accepted by the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society