cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Constraints and analytical solutions of $f(R)$ theories of gravity using Noether symmetries
Creators: name: Paliathanasis, A.
name: Tsamparlis, M.
name: Basilakos, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a detailed study of the modified gravity $f(R)$ models in the light of the basic geometrical symmetries, namely Lie and Noether point symmetries, which serve to illustrate the phenomenological viability of the modified gravity paradigm as a serious alternative to the traditional scalar field approaches. In particular, we utilize a model-independent selection rule based on first integrals, due to Noether symmetries of the equations of motion, in order to identify the viability of $f(R)$ models in the context of flat FLRW cosmologies. The Lie/Noether point symmetries are computed for six modified gravity models that include also a cold dark matter component. As it is expected, we confirm that all the proposed modified gravity models admit the trivial first integral namely energy conservation. We find that only the $f(R)=(R^{b}-2Λ)^{c}$ model, which generalizes the concordance $Λ$ cosmology, accommodates extra Lie/Noether point symmetries. For this $f(R)$ model the existence of non-trivial Noether (first) integrals can be used to determine the integrability of the model. Indeed within this context we solve the problem analytically and thus we provide for the first time the evolution of the main cosmological functions such as the scale factor of the universe and the Hubble expansion rate.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D (10 pages), typos corrected and some new references included
Additional file 1: of Young internal migrantsâ major health issues and health seeking barriers in Shanghai, China: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Lou, Chaohua
name: Cheng, Yan
name: Cui, Yuanqi
name: Lian, Qiguo
name: Wang, Ziliang
name: Gao, Ersheng
name: Wang, Ling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: KIIs Guide. Key Informant Interview Guide. (DOCX 23 kb)
title: Evaluation of residual post-embolized cerebral aneurysm for sizing platinum coils during re-embolization using 3D TOF MR-Angiography: comparison with 2D-DSA data.
Creators: name: Ivankova, Ekaterina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Interventional Radiology
subject: Head and neck
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The purpose of the study was the evaluation of partially occluded cerebral aneurysm residual dome for determination of second procedure coils size: Comparison of non-contrasted 3D TOF MR-Angiography and X-ray 2D-DSA. Aneurysm recurrence after...
Intentionality and Theories of Intentionality in Development
Creators: name: Bloom, Lois
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Language acquisition
Child development
Intention

description: This book is the result of a conference at the University of Toronto on the part played by intention in developing theories of mind. The chapters in the book are informed by three concepts of intentionality: intention in the narrow sense of the goal-directedness of individual actions; intentionality in the larger sense of the directedness and 'aboutness' of contents of mind−what the immediate, moment-to-moment representations in consciousness are 'about' or what an experience is an experience ‘of’; and theory of mind: the intuitive, psychological theories we have about intentionality and intentional action that influence our everyday actions and interactions. This last sense of intentionality, theory of mind, is the one best represented in the book and is, by and large, a theory of the other mind: how children learn to attribute or 'ascribe' intentional states to other persons; how a child comes to understand the intentionality of other persons and the sources of others' intentional actions; or how other persons can influence the child's thoughts and, hence, the child's actions. In contrast, the perspective taken in this review takes infant intentionality in the larger sense as the starting point in proposing that what a child has in mind, the child's intentional state, determines the child's actions and interactions in the world and, hence, the child's development, shifting the emphasis thereby to the authority of the child in the developmental process.
title: Radiation dose management of lower limb digital subtraction angiography – ALARA in practice
Creators: name: Orgovan, Evelin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Catheters
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Radiation Protection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Interventional radiology is one of the most rapidly expanding and advancing fields in medicine. As a consequence the radiaton exposure which related to IR also increases. In addition to protecting patients from excessive radiation exposure,...
title: Abdominal collections: correlation between CT findings and superinfection
Creators: name: Gasparetto, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Drainage
subject: Infection
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate CT imaging findings that may suggest superinfection of abdominal fluid collections. A prompt diagnosis is fundamental for allowing timely and appropriate medical management, reducing duration of...
title: Effectiveness of a vertical barrier against intrusion of flood plain infiltrated water into an aquifer
title: Hydrology days 2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2007
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Miracapillo, Cinzia
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007

description: 2007 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 19 - March 21, 2007.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: In this paper the process of unsaturated aquifer recharge from a river channel and its flood plain laterally confined with fully penetrating barriers is investigated. The same basic methodology described previously by the authors [Morel Seytoux et al., 1988] for the cases of recharging areas in a homogeneous medium is applied here in case of heterogeneities due to damming. An approximate solution is obtained by matching two one-dimensional flows, a vertical and a horizontal one. The formulation leads to an integro-differential equation, which can be solved numerically. The results show the effectiveness of the barrier and its dependency upon project parameters.
title: The Effect of Mortgage Rate Resets on Debt: Evidence from TransUnion (Part I)
Creators: name: Kartashova, Katya
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: This note studies how decreases in mortgage rates affect the behaviour of borrowers in terms of spending on durable goods and repaying debt.

description: Dans cette note, nous étudions l’effet des baisses des taux hypothécaires sur les habitudes de dépense en biens durables et de remboursement de dettes des emprunteurs.
Microscopic models of mode-coupling theory: the $F_{12}$ scenario
Creators: name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
name: Sellitto, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide extended evidence that mode-coupling theory (MCT) of supercooled liquids for the ${\mathsf F}_{12}$ schematic model admits a microscopic realization based on facilitated spin models with tunable facilitation. Depending on the facilitation strength, one observes two distinct dynamic glass transition lines--continuous and discontinuous--merging at a dynamical tricritical-like point with critical decay exponents consistently related by MCT predictions. The mechanisms of dynamical arrest can be naturally interpreted in geometrical terms: the discontinuous and continuous transitions correspond to bootstrap and standard percolation processes, in which the incipient spanning cluster of frozen spins forms either a compact or a fractal structure, respectively. Our cooperative dynamic facilitation picture of glassy behavior is complementary to the one based on disordered systems and can account for higher-order singularity scenarios in the absence of a finite temperature thermodynamic glass transition. We briefly comment on the relevance of our results to finite spatial dimensions and to the ${\mathsf F}_{13}$ schematic model.
description: Final, published version
Bound state properties of four-body muonic quasi-atoms
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
name: Wardlaw, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Total energies and various bound state properties are determined for the ground states in all six four-body muonic $a^{+} b^{+} μ^{-} e^{-}$ quasi-atoms. These quasi-atoms contain two nuclei of the hydrogen isotopes $p^{+}, d^{+}, t^{+}$, one negatively charged muon $μ^{-}$ and one electron $e^{-}$. In general, each of the four-body muonic $a^{+} b^{+} μ^{-} e^{-}$ quasi-atoms, where $(a, b) = (p, d, t)$, can be considered as the regular one-electron (hydrogen) atom with the complex nucleus $a^{+} b^{+} μ^{-}$ which has a finite number of bound states. Furthermore, all properties of such quasi-nuclei $a^{+} b^{+} μ^{-}$ are determined from highly accurate computations performed for the three-body muonic ions $a^{+} b^{+} μ^{-}$ with the use of pure Coulomb interaction potentials between particles. It is shown that the bound state spectra of such quasi-atoms are similar to the spectrum of the regular hydrogen atoms, but there are a few important differences. Such differences can be used in future experiments to improve the overall accuracy of current evaluations of various properties of hydrogen-like systems, including the lowest-order relativistic and QED corrections.
Neurological outcomes after cervical spinal cord injury
Creators: name: Kramer, John L. K.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In addition to overcoming biological barriers that limit regeneration and repair in the central nervous system after spinal cord injury, clinicians and researchers are faced with the daunting task of assessing the safety and efficacy of therapeutics proposed to ameliorate neurological deficits in humans. While the selection of an appropriate clinical endpoint will depend on a number of factors, including the phase of study and the underlying biological activity, the estimated effect size based on preclinical studies in animal models of spinal cord injury of most therapeutics are expectedly small. A potential promising strategy to detect subtle but clinically meaningful changes in humans is to focus on individual spinal segments partially damaged adjacent to the level of injury. The primary aim of this thesis was to evaluate the validity of segmental sensorimotor outcomes for the purpose of devising clinical trial endpoints for spinal cord injury. In Chapters Two through Five, I focus this investigation on evaluating sensory outcomes. Chapter Two is chiefly intended to introduce clinical sensory testing methods (i.e. light touch and pinprick) and provide a better understanding of the relationship between the neuropathology of spinal cord injury and afferent anatomy and physiology. In order to address limitations of clinical sensory testing methods, the subsequent three chapters are focused on the application of segmental neurophysiological approaches. More specifically, this involves a series of studies in individuals with spinal cord injury aimed at objectively measuring conduction deficits in the dorsal column and spinothalamic tract based on outcomes from sensory evoked potentials. The thesis then shifts to the segmental assessment of motor function. In Chapter Six, changes in muscle strength are examined in the first year after cervical spinal cord injury, with a specific interest in documenting the relationship between improvements in motor scores in the upper extremities and the recovery of motor levels. This chapter concludes by linking functional independence and neurological outcomes. The discussion that follows is intended to provide an outline of how the knowledge acquired during the course of this doctoral thesis could be translated into phases of a clinical trial program.
Does NGAL reduce costs? A cost analysis of urine NGAL (uNGAL) & serum creatinine (sCr) for acute kidney injury (AKI) diagnosis
Creators: name: Parikh, Amay
name: Rizzo, John A.
name: Canetta, Pietro A.
name: Forster, Catherine
name: Sise, Meghan
name: Maarouf, Omar
name: Singer, Eugenia
name: Elger, Antje
name: Elitok, Saban
name: Schmidt-Ott, Kai M.
name: Barasch, Jonathon
name: Nickolas, Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Acute renal failure
Creatinine
Urine--Analysis
Medical care--Cost effectiveness

description: Introduction

Urine neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL) is a sensitive and specific diagnostic test for acute kidney injury (AKI) in the Emergency Department (ED), but its economic impact has not been investigated. We hypothesized that uNGAL used in combination with serum creatinine (sCr) would reduce costs in the management of AKI in patients presenting to the ED in comparison to using sCr alone.

Materials and methods

A cost simulation model was developed for clinical algorithms to diagnose AKI based on sCr alone vs. uNGAL plus sCr (uNGAL+sCr). A cost minimization analysis was performed to determine total expected costs for patients with AKI. uNGAL test characteristics were validated with eight-hundred forty-nine patients with sCr ≥1.5 from a completed study of 1635 patients recruited from EDs at two U.S. hospitals from 2007–8. Biomarker test, AKI work-up, and diagnostic imaging costs were incorporated.

Results

For a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 patients, the model predicted that the expected costs were $900 per patient (pp) in the sCr arm and $950 in the uNGAL+sCr arm. uNGAL+sCr resulted in 1,578 fewer patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment than sCr alone (2,013 vs. 436 pts) at center 1 and 1,973 fewer patients with delayed diagnosis and treatment than sCr alone at center 2 (2,227 vs. 254 patients). Although initial evaluation costs at each center were $50 pp higher in with uNGAL+sCr, total costs declined by $408 pp at Center 1 and by $522 pp at Center 2 due to expected reduced delays in diagnosis and treatment. Sensitivity analyses confirmed savings with uNGAL + sCr for a range of cost inputs.

Discussion

Using uNGAL with sCr as a clinical diagnostic test for AKI may improve patient management and reduce expected costs. Any cost savings would likely result from avoiding delays in diagnosis and treatment and from avoidance of unnecessary testing in patients given a false positive AKI diagnosis by use of sCr alone.
title: ABUS vs HHUS in One Day Clinic
Creators: name: Ershtein, Margarita
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Prospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Screening
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: One Day Clinic allows to detect breast cancer quickly and effectively. A feature of the work in One Day Clinic is the principle “one patient - one doctor”. The doctor performs all diagnostic procedures, including contrast studies and biopsy on...
title: The model optimization, uncertainty, and sensitivity analysis (MOUSE) toolbox: overview and application
title: Hydrology days 2015
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2015
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Ascough, James C.
name: Green, Timothy R.
name: Fischer, Christian
name: Kralisch, Sven
name: Lighthart, Nathan
name: David, Olaf
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2015

description: 2015 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 23 - March 25, 2015.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: For several decades, optimization and sensitivity/uncertainty analysis of environmental models has been the subject of extensive research. Although much progress has been made and sophisticated methods developed, the growing complexity of environmental models to represent real-world systems makes it increasingly difficult to fully comprehend model behavior, sensitivities and uncertainties. This presentation provides an overview of the Model Optimization, Uncertainty, and SEnsitivity Analysis (MOUSE) software application, an open-source, Java-based toolbox of visual and numerical analysis components for the evaluation of environmental models. MOUSE is based on the OPTAS model calibration system developed for the Jena Adaptable Modeling System (JAMS) framework, is model-independent, and helps the modeler understand underlying hypotheses and assumptions regarding model structure, identify and select behavioral model parameterizations, and evaluate model performance and uncertainties. MOUSE offers well-established local and global sensitivity analysis methods, single- and multi-objective optimization algorithms, and uses GLUE methodology to quantify model uncertainty. MOUSE has a robust GUI that: 1) allows the modeler to constrain objective functions for specific time periods or events (e.g., runoff peaks, low flow periods, or hydrograph recession periods); and 2) permits graphical visualization of the methods described above in addition to access and visualization of numerous tools contained in the Monte Carlo Analysis Toolbox (MCAT) including dotty plots, identifiability plots, and Dynamic Identifiability Analysis (DYNIA). Following a brief system overview, we present a basic application of MOUSE to the HyMod conceptual hydrologic model.
Global Classical Solutions of Viscous Liquid-gas Two-phase Flow Model
Creators: name: Cui, Haibo
name: Wen, Huanyao
name: Yin, Haiyan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we consider the global existence and uniqueness of the classical solutions for the 3D viscous liquid-gas two-phase flow model. Initial data is only small in the energy-norm. Our main ideas come from [15] where the existence of global classical solutions to the compressible Navier-Stokes equations was obtained by using the continuity methods under the assumption that the initial energy is sufficiently small.
description: 20 pages
title: Technology Approach for a CBDC
Creators: name: Shah, Dinesh
name: Arora, Rakesh
name: Du, Han
name: Darbha, Sriram
name: Miedema, John
name: Minwalla, Cyrus
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: In this note, we highlight a range of technical options and considerations in designing a contingent system for a central bank digital currency (CBDC) in Canada and explore how these options achieve stated public policy goals.

description: Dans cette note analytique, nous nous penchons sur les options et facteurs d’ordre technique à prendre en considération pour élaborer des plans de prévoyance concernant une monnaie numérique de banque centrale (MNBC) au Canada, et examinons en quoi ces options permettent de réaliser les objectifs de politique publique définis.
title: Association of subcutaneous adiposity with MRI findings in youth patients with low back pain
Creators: name: Tochko, Aleksandra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal
subject: Anatomy
subject: Bones
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education and training
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To evaluate whether lumbar disk pathology and vertebral body endplate changes are associated with dorsal subcutaneous thickness (DST) in young adults with low back...
Neocortical activity is stimulus- and scale-invariant
Creators: name: Karimipanah, Yahya
name: Ma, Zhengyu
name: Miller, Jae-Eun Kang
name: Yuste, Rafael
name: Wessel, Ralf
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Neocortex
Neural networks (Neurobiology)
Visual cortex
Biotechnology

description: Mounting evidence supports the hypothesis that the cortex operates near a critical state, defined as the transition point between order (large-scale activity) and disorder (small-scale activity). This criticality is manifested by power law distribution of the size and duration of spontaneous cascades of activity, which are referred as neuronal avalanches. The existence of such neuronal avalanches has been confirmed by several studies both in vitro and in vivo, among different species and across multiple spatial scales. However, despite the prevalence of scale free activity, still very little is known concerning whether and how the scale-free nature of cortical activity is altered during external stimulation. To address this question, we performed in vivo two-photon population calcium imaging of layer 2/3 neurons in primary visual cortex of behaving mice during visual stimulation and conducted statistical analyses on the inferred spike trains. Our investigation for each mouse and condition revealed power law distributed neuronal avalanches, and irregular spiking individual neurons. Importantly, both the avalanche and the spike train properties remained largely unchanged for different stimuli, while the cross-correlation structure varied with stimuli. Our results establish that microcircuits in the visual cortex operate near the critical regime, while rearranging functional connectivity in response to varying sensory inputs.
title: A Financial Stability Analysis of Zombie Firms in Canada
Creators: name: Grieder, Timothy
name: Ortega, Juan
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: We measure the prevalence of zombie firms in Canada and assess how they could potentially affect the financial system.

description: Nous mesurons le phénomène des entreprises zombies au Canada et évaluons comment elles pourraient nuire au système financier.
Equation-of-state dependence of the gravitational-wave signal from the ring-down phase of neutron-star mergers
Creators: name: Bauswein, A.
name: Janka, H. -T.
name: Hebeler, K.
name: Schwenk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron-star (NS) merger simulations are conducted for 38 representative microphysical descriptions of high-density matter in order to explore the equation-of-state dependence of the postmerger ring-down phase. The formation of a deformed, oscillating, differentially rotating very massive NS is the typical outcome of the coalescence of two stars with 1.35 $M_{\odot}$ for most candidate EoSs. The oscillations of this object imprint a pronounced peak in the gravitational-wave (GW) spectra, which is used to characterize the emission for a given model. The peak frequency of this postmerger GW signal correlates very well with the radii of nonrotating NSs, and thus allows to constrain the high-density EoS by a GW detection. In the case of 1.35-1.35 $M_{\odot}$ mergers the peak frequency scales particularly well with the radius of a NS with 1.6 $M_{\odot}$, where the maximum deviation from this correlation is only 60 meters for fully microphysical EoSs which are compatible with NS observations. Combined with the uncertainty in the determination of the peak frequency it appears likely that a GW detection can measure the radius of a 1.6 $M_{\odot}$ NS with an accuracy of about 100 to 200 meters. We also uncover relations of the peak frequency with the radii of nonrotating NSs with 1.35 $M_{\odot}$ or 1.8 $M_{\odot}$, with the radius or the central energy density of the maximum-mass Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff configuration, and with the pressure or sound speed at a fiducial rest-mass density of about twice nuclear saturation density. Furthermore, it is found that a determination of the dominant postmerger GW frequency can provide an upper limit for the maximum mass of nonrotating NSs. The prospects for a detection of the postmerger GW signal and a determination of the dominant GW frequency are estimated to be in the range of 0.015 to 1.2 events per year with the upcoming Advanced LIGO detector.
description: 29 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
title: Assessment of MAR and DECT effect on image quantitative characteristics
Creators: name: Semenov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics in Medical Imaging
subject: Radiation physics
subject: CT
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Artifacts
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Prospective
subject: Experimental
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To develop a phantom and a method for evaluating the effectiveness of artifacts reduction algorithms from metal structures suppressing in the analysis of tissues with different locations and x-ray...
The impact of HCV therapy in a high HIV-HCV prevalence population: A modeling study on people who inject drugs in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
Creators: name: Birger, Ruthie B.
name: Le, Thuy
name: Kouyos, Roger D.
name: Grenfell, Bryan T.
name: Hallett, Timothy B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Intravenous drug abusers
Hepatitis C virus
HIV (Viruses)
Hepatitis C--Treatment

description: Background

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) and Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) coinfection is a major global health problem especially among people who inject drugs (PWID), with significant clinical implications. Mathematical models have been used to great effect to shape HIV care, but few have been proposed for HIV/HCV.

Methods

We constructed a deterministic compartmental ODE model that incorporated layers for HIV disease progression, HCV disease progression and PWID demography. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and Methadone Maintenance Therapy (MMT) scale-ups were modeled as from 2016 and projected forward 10 years. HCV treatment roll-out was modeled beginning in 2026, after a variety of MMT scale-up scenarios, and projected forward 10 years.

Results

Our results indicate that scale-up of ART has a major impact on HIV though not on HCV burden. MMT scale-up has an impact on incidence of both infections. HCV treatment roll-out has a measurable impact on reductions of deaths, increasing multifold the mortality reductions afforded by just ART/MMT scale-ups.

Conclusion

HCV treatment roll-out can have major and long-lasting effects on averting PWID deaths on top of those averted by ART/MMT scale-up. Efficient intervention scale-up of HCV alongside HIV interventions is critical in Vietnam.
title: The radiological evaluation of the polytraumatized patient in a Trauma Center: Timing, dose and quality of an automated X-Ray Unit compared to a conventional radiological system
Creators: name: Biondo, Vito
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Trauma
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Not applicable
subject: Observational

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The polytraumatized patient Fig. 1 Fig. 2 is defined as that subject who, as a result of multiple traumas, presents an involvement of several organs or systems, which can compromise his survival. The management of a polytraumatized patient, in a...
Cognitive function in multiple sclerosis improves with telerehabilitation: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Charvet, Leigh E.
name: Yang, Jie
name: Shaw, Michael T.
name: Sherman, Kathleen
name: Haider, Lamia
name: Xu, Jianjin
name: Krupp, Lauren B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Multiple sclerosis
Telecommunication in medicine
Cognition disorders--Patients--Rehabilitation
Computer software
Neurology

description: Cognitive impairment affects more than half of all individuals living with multiple sclerosis (MS). We hypothesized that training at home with an adaptive online cognitive training program would have greater cognitive benefit than ordinary computer games in cognitively-impaired adults with MS. This was a double-blind, randomized, active-placebo-controlled trial. Participants with MS were recruited through Stony Brook Medicine and randomly assigned to either the adaptive cognitive remediation (ACR) program or active control of ordinary computer games for 60 hours over 12 weeks. Training was remotely-supervised and delivered through a study-provided laptop computer. A computer generated, blocked stratification table prepared by statistician provided the randomization schedule and condition was assigned by a study technician. The primary outcome, administered by study psychometrician, was measured by change in a neuropsychological composite measure from baseline to study end. An intent-to-treat analysis was employed and missing primary outcome values were imputed via Markov Chain Monte Carlo method. Participants in the ACR (n = 74) vs. active control (n = 61) training program had significantly greater improvement in the primary outcome of cognitive functioning (mean change in composite z score±SD: 0·25±0·45 vs. 0·09±0·37, p = 0·03, estimated difference = 0·16 with 95% CI: 0·02–0·30), despite greater training time in the active control condition (mean±SD:56·9 ± 34·6 vs. 37·7 ±23 ·8 hours played, p = 0·006). This study provides Class I evidence that adaptive, computer-based cognitive remediation accessed from home can improve cognitive functioning in MS. This telerehabilitation approach allowed for rapid recruitment and high compliance, and can be readily applied to other neurological conditions associated with cognitive dysfunction.
NFDI4Objects: Eine NFDI-Konsortialinitiative zum materiellen Erbe aus etwa drei Millionen Jahren Menschheits- und Umweltgeschichte
Creators: name: Keller, Christin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Forschungsdateninfrastrukturen
NFDI
Objektbiografien
Materielles Erbe
FORGE2021

description: Seit 2018 entsteht NFDI4Objects in einem Bottom-up-Prozess und verfolgt das gemeinsame Ziel das Forschungsdatenmanagement in verschiedenen Disziplinen maßgeblich voranzutreiben. NFDI4Objects repräsentiert eine breite Community, die sich mit den materiellen Überresten der Menschheit aus einem Zeitraum von mehr als 2,6 Millionen Jahren beschäftigt. Sie umfasst zahlreiche Fachrichtungen aus den Geistes- und Naturwissenschaften, die durch gemeinsame Anforderungen an das Forschungsdatenmanagement miteinander verbunden sind. Mittlerweile vereint NFDI4Objects alle relevanten Forschungs-, Landes- und Bundeseinrichtungen, Universitäten und Museen, die sich mit dem materiellen Erbe unserer Vergangenheit beschäftigen.
Pulmonary hyperinflation due to gas trapping and pulmonary artery size: The MESA COPD Study
Creators: name: Poor, Hooman D.
name: Kawut, Steven M.
name: Liu, Chia-Ying
name: Smith, Benjamin M.
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Lima, Joao A.
name: Ambale Venkatesh, Bharath
name: Michos, Erin D.
name: Prince, Martin R.
name: Barr, R. Graham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Pulmonary hypertension
Magnetic resonance imaging
Pulmonary artery
Lungs--Diseases, Obstructive

description: Background

Pulmonary hypertension is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Since pulmonary artery (PA) size increases in pulmonary hypertension, we measured PA cross-sectional area using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to test the hypothesis that pulmonary hyperinflation due to gas trapping is associated with PA cross-sectional area in COPD.

Methods

The MESA COPD Study recruited participants with COPD and controls from two population-based cohort studies ages 50–79 years with 10 or more pack-years and free of clinical cardiovascular disease. Body plethysmography was performed according to standard criteria. Cardiac MRI was performed at functional residual capacity to measure the cross-sectional area of the main PA. Percent emphysema was defined as the percentage of lung voxels less than -950 Hounsfield units as assessed via x-ray computed tomography. Analyses were adjusted for age, gender, height, weight, race-ethnicity, the forced expiratory volume in one second, smoking status, pack-years, lung function, oxygen saturation, blood pressure, left ventricular ejection fraction and percent emphysema.

Results

Among 106 participants, mean residual volume was 1.98±0.71 L and the mean PA cross-sectional area was 7.23±1.72 cm2. A one standard deviation increase in residual volume was independently associated with an increase in main PA cross-sectional area of 0.55 cm2 (95% CI 0.18 to 0.92; p = 0.003). In contrast, there was no evidence for an association with percent emphysema or total lung capacity.

Conclusion

Increased residual volume was associated with a larger PA in COPD, suggesting that gas trapping may contribute to pulmonary hypertension in COPD.
The Effect of Stellar Metallicity on the Sizes of Star Clusters
Creators: name: Schulman, Rafael
name: Glebbeek, Evert
name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations indicate blue globular clusters have half-light radii systematically larger than those of red globular clusters. In this paper, we test whether the different metallicity-dependent stellar evolution timescales and mass-loss rates within the clusters can impact their early dynamical evolution. By means of N-body simulations including stellar evolution recipes we simulate the early evolution of small centrally concentrated clusters with and without primordial mass segregation. Our simulations include accurate metallicity-dependent mass loss from massive stars. We find blue clusters to be larger than red clusters regardless of whether the clusters have been primordially mass segregated. In addition, the size difference is found to be larger and consistent with observations for initial models with a low central concentration. These results indicate that the systematic size difference found between red and blue clusters can, at least in part, be attributed to the dynamical effects of differing stellar evolution histories, driven by metallicity.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted by MNRAS
title: Characterizing Breadth in Canadian Economic Activity
Creators: name: Webley, Taylor
name: Valerio, Carla
name: MacIsaac, Maureen
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: Real growth in gross domestic product tends to be meaningfully higher when a large share of industries and demand components are growing—that is, when growth is broad across many fronts.

description: La croissance du produit intérieur brut réel tend à être nettement plus forte lorsqu’une proportion importante des branches d’activité et des composantes de la demande connaît une expansion, c’est-à-dire lorsque la croissance s’étend dans plusieurs secteurs.
Vanhartenidia unguiculata
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Mutillidae
Vanhartenidia
Vanhartenidia unguiculata

description: Vanhartenidia unguiculata (MAGRETTI, 1884)
Trogaspidia unguiculata MAGRETTI, 1884: BISCHOFF 1920: 355 (key), 404 (tax.,descr. ♀, Djibouti).
Vanhartenidia unguiculata (MAGRETTI, 1883 (!)): LELEJ & VAN HARTEN 2006: 38 (tax., world cat.), 43 (key ♀).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Djibouti.
Vanhartenidia unguiculata is recorded from Chad, Djibouti, Eritrea, Somalia and Sudan. The record from Djibouti is not mentioned in NONVEILLER (1995: 365) under Dentotilla unguiculata.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 925, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
MOESM1 of Insight into the role of α-arabinofuranosidase in biomass hydrolysis: cellulose digestibility and inhibition by xylooligomers
Creators: name: Xin, Donglin
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Wen, Peiyao
name: Zhang, Junhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effect of arabinose on hydrolytic action of cellulases. Hydrolysis of 2% Avicel by CTec2 (10 FPU/g DM) and CEL (2 mg/g DM Cel5A, 8 mg/g DM Cel7A, and 0.2 mg/g DM Cel3A) with the addition of arabinose (0.2, 1, and 5 mg/mL) at 50 °C for 48 h. The error bars represent the standard error of three independent experiments.
title: Comparison of usefulness of ultrasound and MRI for diagnosis of silicone breast implant rupture in screening asymptomatic women
Creators: name: Gomi, Naoya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Surgery
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In Japan, the number of reconstructions using implants has increased since 2013 when breast reconstruction using silicone gel implants was covered by insurance. Silicon breast implant (SBI) rupture is one of the most important sequelae of breast...
Cosmological Solutions in Bimetric Gravity and their Observational Tests
Creators: name: von Strauss, Mikael
name: Schmidt-May, Angnis
name: Enander, Jonas
name: Mortsell, Edvard
name: Hassan, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the general cosmological evolution equations for a classically consistent theory of bimetric gravity. Their analytic solutions are demonstrated to generically allow for a cosmic evolution starting out from a matter dominated FLRW universe while relaxing towards a de Sitter (anti-de Sitter) phase at late cosmic time. In particular, we examine a subclass of models which contain solutions that are able to reproduce the expansion history of the cosmic concordance model inspite of the nonlinear couplings of the two metrics. This is demonstrated explicitly by fitting these models to observational data from Type Ia supernovae, Cosmic Microwave Background and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations.
description: Latex, 26 pages. References added and minor revision of introduction and appendix B
Integration of precise point positioning and low cost mems imu
Creators: name: Du, Shuang
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 165-176
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: Global Positioning System (GPS) and low cost Inertial Navigation System (INS) integrated systems are expected to become more widespread as a result of the availability of low cost inertial Micro-Electro-Mechanical Sensors (MEMS). This integrated system has been widely and successfully applied in many applications, such as vehicle navigation and mobile mapping system. Currently most of the GPS/INS integrated systems are based on the differential GPS (DGPS) to ensure the navigation performance. However the requirement on a base station is usually problematic as it limits the operational range of the system and also increases the system cost and complexity. To tackle this issue, a method to integrate the data from a single GPS receiver and a low cost MEMS Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) for autonomous positioning and attitude determination is developed in this thesis. The GPS and IMU data will be fused based on the Precise Point Positioning (PPP) technology, which is able to provide centimetre to decimetre positioning accuracy by using a single dual-frequency receiver and is therefore employed to ensure the navigation performance. Previous work has demonstrated that the integration of PPP GPS and tactical grade IMU is able to provide navigation solution with accuracy at centimetre to decimetre for position and centimetre per second for velocity. However, due to the expensive cost of the tactical grade IMU, it is not suitable for the commercial applications. The motivation of this research is to investigate the integration of PPP GPS and low cost MEMS IMU for precise positioning and attitude determination. Both loose and tight integration of PPP GPS and MEMS IMU are studied and loosely and tightly coupled Kalman filters are developed to derive the optimal navigation solutions. The primary observable used in PPP GPS is the carrier phase measurement, and it is well known that the undetected cycle slips deteriorate its high precision nature and eventually degrade the overall system performance. An algorithm of inertial aided cycle slip detection and identification is also investigated in this thesis. Two van tests are conducted to evaluate the performance of the developed integrated PPP GPS/MEMS IMU system. The performance analysis is carried out based the position, velocity and attitude errors. A loosely coupled DGPS/tactical grade IMU system is used to provide the reference solution.
title: Mapping evapotranspiration with the remote sensing ET algorithms METRIC and SEBAL under advective and non-advective conditions: accuracy determination with weighing lysimeters
title: Hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Mkhwanazi, Mcebisi M.
name: Chávez, José L.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013

description: 2013 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2013.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: The Surface Energy Balance Algorithm for Land (SEBAL) is one of several remote sensing-based crop evapotranspiration (ET) models. One advantage that SEBAL has is its minimal requirement for ground-based weather data. However, its downside is that in the presence of advection it may underestimate ET. This is due to the use of a fixed evaporative fraction (EF) for the entire day. The EF value is used to extrapolate instantaneous ET to daily ET values, based on the assumption that EF at the time of satellite overpass is the same (remains constant) as for the rest of the day, and therefore can be used to estimate daily ET. METRIC on the other hand, uses the reference ET fraction ETrF, which is a ratio of actual crop ET to alfalfa reference ET. A study was therefore carried out to compare these two models under advective and non-advective conditions. A total of 9 Landsat 7 ETM+ images (2010-2012) were processed using both models, and ET was estimated for two alfalfa fields near Rocky Ford in Eastern Colorado. Both fields were equipped with precision monolithic weighing lysimeters. The remote sensing estimated daily ET was compared with lysimeter-based ET measurements. Results showed that there were larger errors in SEBAL than in METRIC, with errors up to 45 % for the former and up to 25 % for the latter. The largest errors occurred on windy and hot days when there was advection.
MOESM2 of Insight into the role of α-arabinofuranosidase in biomass hydrolysis: cellulose digestibility and inhibition by xylooligomers
Creators: name: Xin, Donglin
name: Chen, Xiang
name: Wen, Peiyao
name: Zhang, Junhua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Pharmacology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Marine Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. Hydrolysis of 10% corn stover after pretreatment with aqueous ammonia (AA-CS) by CEL (2 mg/g DM Cel5A, 8 mg/g DM Cel7A, and 0.2 mg/g DM Cel3A) (B), and XYL (4 mg/g DM), and/or ARA (2 mg/g DM) at 50 °C for 24 and 72 h. The error bars represent the standard error of three independent experiments.
title: CBDC and Monetary Sovereignty
Creators: name: Diez de los Rios, Antonio
name: Zhu, Yu
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: In an increasingly digitalized world, issuers of private digital currency can weaken central banks’ ability to stabilize the economy. By continuing to make central bank money attractive as a payment instrument in a digital world, a central bank digital currency (CDBC) could help to maintain a country’s monetary sovereignty.
description: Dans un monde toujours plus numérique, les émetteurs privés de monnaies numériques risquent d’entraver la capacité des banques centrales à stabiliser l’économie. En maintenant l’attractivité des monnaies de banque centrale parmi les instruments de paiement de l’ère numérique, la monnaie de banque centrale numérique pourrait aider à préserver la souveraineté monétaire des États.