cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Robustness of the O($N$) universality class
Creators: name: Vieira, William C.
name: Carvalho, Paulo R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the critical exponents for Lorentz-violating O($N$) $λϕ^{4}$ scalar field theories by using two independent methods. In the first situation we renormalize a massless theory by utilizing normalization conditions. An identical task is fulfilled in the second case in a massive version of the same theory, previously renormalized in the BPHZ method in four dimensions. We show that although the renormalization constants, the $β$ and anomalous dimensions acquire Lorentz-violating quantum corrections, the outcome for the critical exponents in both methods are identical and furthermore they are equal to their Lorentz-invariant counterparts. Finally we generalize the last two results for all loop levels and we provide symmetry arguments for justifying the latter.
Storms in Mobile Networks
Creators: name: Gorbil, Gokce
name: Abdelrahman, Omer H.
name: Pavloski, Mihajlo
name: Gelenbe, Erol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mobile networks are vulnerable to signalling attacks and storms that are caused by traffic patterns that overload the control plane, and differ from distributed denial of service (DDoS) attacks in the Internet since they directly attack the control plane, and also reserve wireless bandwidth without actually using it. Such attacks can result from malware and mobile botnets, as well as from poorly designed applications, and can cause service outages in 3G and 4G networks which have been experienced by mobile operators. Since the radio resource control (RRC) protocol in 3G and 4G networks is particularly susceptible to such attacks, we analyze their effect with a mathematical model that helps to predict the congestion that is caused by an attack. A detailed simulation model of a mobile network is used to better understand the temporal dynamics of user behavior and signalling in the network and to show how RRC based signalling attacks and storms cause significant problems in the control plane and the user plane of the network. Our analysis also serves to identify how storms can be detected, and to propose how system parameters can be chosen to mitigate their effect.
description: Submitted to the IEEE TETC special issue on "Emerging topics in Cyber Security"
Differences in [18F]FDG uptake in BAT of UCP1 −/− and UCP1 +/+ during adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis
Creators: name: Frank, J.
name: McHugh, C.T.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: Barkes, J.
name: Dragicevich, C.
name: Garside, J.
name: Yuan, H.
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media Deutschland GmbH
Year: 2020

description: Background: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a fat tissue found in most mammals that helps regulate energy balance and core body temperature through a sympathetic process known as non-shivering thermogenesis. BAT activity is commonly detected and quantified in [18F]FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) scans, and radiotracer uptake in BAT during adrenergic stimulation is often used as a surrogate measure for identifying thermogenic activity in the tissue. BAT thermogenesis is believed to be contingent upon the expression of the protein UCP1, but conflicting results have been reported in the literature concerning [18F]FDG uptake within BAT of mice with and without UCP1. Differences in animal handling techniques such as feeding status, type of anesthetic, type of BAT stimulation, and estrogen levels were identified as possible confounding variables for [18F]FDG uptake. In this study, we aimed to assess differences in BAT [18F]FDG uptake between wild-type and UCP1-knockout mice using a protocol that minimizes possible variations in BAT stimulation caused by different stress responses to mouse handling. Results: [18F]FDG PET/CT scans were run on mice that were anesthetized with pentobarbital after stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis by norepinephrine. While in wild-type mice [18F]FDG uptake in BAT increased significantly with norepinephrine stimulation of BAT, there was no consistent change in [18F]FDG uptake in BAT of mice lacking UCP1. Conclusions: [18F]FDG uptake within adrenergically stimulated BAT of wild-type and UCP1-knockout mice can significantly vary such that an [18F]FDG uptake threshold cannot be used to differentiate wild-type from UCP1-knockout mice. However, while an increase in BAT [18F]FDG uptake during adrenergic stimulation is consistently observed in wild-type mice, in UCP1-knockout mice [18F]FDG uptake in BAT seems to be independent of β3-adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis.
Tunable multi-channel inverse optomechanically induced transparency
Creators: name: Wu, Qin
name: Zhang, Jian-Qi
name: Wu, Jin-Hui
name: Feng, Mang
name: Zhang, Zhi-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to the optomechanically induced transparency (OMIT) defined conventionally, the inverse OMIT behaves as coherent absorption of the input lights in the optomechanical systems. We characterize a feasible inverse OMIT in a multi-channel fashion with a double-sided optomechanical cavity system coupled to a nearby charged nanomechanical resonator via Coulomb interaction, where two counter-propagating probe lights can be absorbed via one of the channels or even via three channels simultaneously with the assistance of a strong pump light. Under realistic conditions, we demonstrate the experimental feasibility of our model using two slightly different nanomechanical resonators and the possibility of detecting the energy dissipation of the system. In particular, we find that our model turns to be an unilateral inverse OMIT once the two probe lights are different with a relative phase, and in this case we show the possibility to measure the relative phase precisely.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, and 1 table. To be published in Opt. Exp
A General Utility Optimization Framework for Energy Harvesting Based Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Li, Hang
name: Xu, Jie
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Cui, Shuguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, wireless communication systems are expected to achieve more cost-efficient and sustainable operations by replacing conventional fixed power supplies such as batteries with energy harvesting (EH) devices, which could provide electric energy from renewable energy sources (e.g., solar and wind). Such EH power supplies, however, are random and instable in nature, and as a result impose new challenges on reliable communication design and have triggered substantial research interests in EH based wireless communications. Building upon existing works, in this article, we develop a general optimization framework to maximize the utility of EH wireless communication systems. Our framework encapsulates a variety of design problems, such as throughput maximization and outage probability minimization in single-user and multiuser setups, and provides useful guidelines to the practical design of general EH based communication systems with different assumptions over the knowledge of time-varying wireless channels and EH rates at the transmitters.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques for Brown Adipose Tissue Detection
Creators: name: Branca, R.T.
name: Karampinos, D.C.
name: Wu, M.
name: Junker, D.
Publisher: name: Frontiers Media S.A.
Year: 2020

description: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) methods can non-invasively assess brown adipose tissue (BAT) structure and function. Recently, MRI and MRS have been proposed as a means to differentiate BAT from white adipose tissue (WAT) and to extract morphological and functional information on BAT inaccessible by other means. Specifically, proton MR (1H) techniques, such as proton density fat fraction mapping, diffusion imaging, and intermolecular multiple quantum coherence imaging, have been employed to access BAT microstructure; MR thermometry, relaxometry, and MRI and MRS with 31P, 2H, 13C, and 129Xe have shown to provide complementary information on BAT function. The purpose of the present review is to provide a comprehensive overview of MR imaging and spectroscopy techniques used to detect BAT in rodents and in humans. The present work discusses common challenges of current methods and provides an outlook on possible future directions of using MRI and MRS in BAT studies.
(501074) Walter Riley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Gluon Generalized TMDs and Wigner Distributions in boost invariant longitudinal space
Creators: name: Jana, Sujit
name: Ojha, Vikash Kumar
name: Maji, Tanmay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the gluon generalized TMDs for non-zero skewness and Wigner distributions in the boost invariant longitudinal space. The boost-invariant longitudinal space is defined as $σ=\frac{1}{2}b^-Δ^+$ and is conjugate to the skewness variable $ξ$. We use the dressed quark model, where a high-energetic quark is dressed by a gluon. This two-particle system has the advantage of addressing both the gluon and the quark sectors. The different contributions in Wigner distributions coming from different polarization of gluon and the dressed quark system are investigated. The Wigner distributions are obtained by taking the Fourier transformation of generalized TMDs, which we derive for the first time for non-zero skewness in dressed quark model.
(501073) Lionel Baber Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Buccinidae RAFINESQUE 1815
Creators: name: Squires, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Buccinidae

description: BUCCINIDAE RAFINESQUE, 1815   Remarks— The family Buccinidae, which consists of numerous genera of predatory carnivores, originated during the Early Cretaceous (mid-Albian Stage) (Taylor et al., 1980: fig. 7, with no accompanying geographic data). In the northeast Pacific region, the earliest known buccinid is the Late Cretaceous Eripachya Gabb, 1869. It was endemic to California and formed a lineage of three species (Squires and Saul 2003), whose members occurred intermittently only during the warm times of the Turonian and Campanian but not during the cooler times of the Coniacian and Santonian (Squires 2018).
description: Published as part of Squires, Richard L., 2022, The earliest Ancistrolepis (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) and its geologic implications, pp. 1-11 in PaleoBios 39 (2) on page 5, DOI: 10.5070/P939257077, http://zenodo.org/record/13743800
Resolving the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental polarization of hyperpolarized 129Xe using numerical simulations and in situ optical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kelley, M.
name: Burant, A.
name: Branca, R.T.
Publisher: name: American Institute of Physics Inc.
Year: 2020

description: For emerging biomedical applications of hyperpolarized xenon, the ability to obtain reliably high nuclear spin polarization levels is paramount. Yet, experimental nuclear spin polarization levels of xenon are highly variable and, more than often than not, well below what theory predicts. Despite rigorous and well-studied theoretical models for hyperpolarization and continuous-flow spin-exchange optical pumping (SEOP), there remains a substantial discrepancy between the theoretical and experimental polarization of 129Xe; inexplicably, seemingly similar experimental parameters can yield very different polarization values. In this paper, the validity of the assumptions typically made about the thermodynamic state of the Rb vapor inside the optical pumping cell and the gas dynamics are investigated through finite element analysis simulations of realistic optical pumping cell models, while in situ optical and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy measurements are used to validate the results of the simulations. Our results show that shorter xenon gas residence times and lower Rb vapor densities than those predicted by empirical saturated vapor pressure curves, along with incorrect SEOP parameters, are the primary cause of the discrepancy between theoretical and experimental polarization values reported in the literature.
(501072) Bernard Theodore Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hot flow anomaly remnant in the far geotail?
Creators: name: Facskó, Gábor
name: Opitz, Andrea
name: Lavraud, Benoit
name: Luhmann, Janet G.
name: Russell, Christopher T.
name: Sauvaud, Jean-Andre
name: Fedorov, Andrei
name: Kis, Árpád
name: Wesztergom, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hot flow anomaly (HFA) like event was observed by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) in the night side magnetosheath in the far tail in February-March 2007. The magnetic signature of the tangential discontinuity was visible, but the resolution of the plasma ion data is not sufficient for our analysis, so a method is given to identify HFAs without solar wind velocity measurements. The event observed in the night side magnetosheath in the far tail might be the remnant of an HFA event, a not-so-active current sheet. This observation suggests that the lifetime of the HFAs might be several 10 minutes, much longer than the expected several minutes.
description: accepted on January 23, 2015 to Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics. 5 pages, 2 figures
OPEUS D6.2 - Innovative technologies influence on energy usage assessment
Creators: name: Partner-SAFT
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: As described in the task WP6.1 of the OPEUS project, the Li-ion high power battery based on cylindrical VL30PFe cell was selected for the assessment of energy consumption. Four scenarios (Urban, regional, high speed and freight) will be studied according to the operating strategy for ESS mentioned in task WP3.3. Different strategies of battery utilization including the battery sizing will also discussed.
(501071) Isabel Frazer Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501070) Anita Isabel Barber
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CCSPNet-Joint: Efficient Joint Training Method for Traffic Sign Detection Under Extreme Conditions
Creators: name: Hong, Haoqin
name: Zhou, Yue
name: Shu, Xiangyu
name: Hu, Xiaofang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Traffic sign detection is an important research direction in intelligent driving. Unfortunately, existing methods often overlook extreme conditions such as fog, rain, and motion blur. Moreover, the end-to-end training strategy for image denoising and object detection models fails to utilize inter-model information effectively. To address these issues, we propose CCSPNet, an efficient feature extraction module based on Contextual Transformer and CNN, capable of effectively utilizing the static and dynamic features of images, achieving faster inference speed and providing stronger feature enhancement capabilities. Furthermore, we establish the correlation between object detection and image denoising tasks and propose a joint training model, CCSPNet-Joint, to improve data efficiency and generalization. Finally, to validate our approach, we create the CCTSDB-AUG dataset for traffic sign detection in extreme scenarios. Extensive experiments have shown that CCSPNet achieves state-of-the-art performance in traffic sign detection under extreme conditions. Compared to end-to-end methods, CCSPNet-Joint achieves a 5.32% improvement in precision and an 18.09% improvement in mAP@.5.
(501069) George Edwin Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
A Novel PET Probe for Brown Adipose Tissue Imaging in Rodents
Creators: name: Yuan, H.
name: Wang, M.
name: Li, Z.
name: Liu, Y.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: Wang, H.
name: Chansaenpak, K.
name: Yin, H.
name: Wu, Z.
name: Xie, J.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2020

description: Purpose: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) has emerged as a promising target to counteract obesity and its associated metabolic disorders. However, the detection of this tissue remains one of the major roadblocks. Procedures: In this study, we assess the use of BODIPY 1 as a positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agent to image BAT depots in vivo in two mouse phenotypes: obesity-resistant BALB/c mice and the obesity-prone C57BL/6 mice. [18F]BODIPY 1 is a radioactive dye that processed both radioactivity for PET imaging and fluorescence signal for in vitro mechanism study. Results: Through the co-staining of cancer cells with BODIPY 1 and MitoTracker, we found BODIPY 1 mainly accumulated in cell mitochondria in vitro. Fluorescence imaging of primary brown and white adipocytes further confirmed BODIPY 1 had significantly higher accumulation in primary brown adipocytes compared with primary white adipocytes. We evaluated [18F]BODIPY 1 for BAT imaging in both obesity-resistant BALB/c mice and obesity-prone C57BL/6 mice. Indeed, [18F]BODIPY 1 was efficiently taken up by BAT in both mouse genotypes (6.40 ± 1.98 %ID/g in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice (n = 8) and 5.37 ± 0.82 %ID/g in obesity-prone C57BL/6 mice (n = 7)). Although norepinephrine stimulation could increase the absolute BAT uptake, the enhancement is not significant in both genotypes (p > 0.05) at current sample size. These results suggest BAT uptake of [18F]BODIPY 1 may be independent of BAT thermogenic activity. As a comparison, 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose ([18F]FDG) PET imaging was performed in obesity-resistant BALB/c mice. Significantly increased uptake was observed in adrenergically activated BAT (10.08 ± 2.52 %ID/g, n = 3) but not in inactive BAT (3.803 ± 0.70 %ID/g; n = 3). Because [18F]BODIPY 1 maintained its fluorescent property, BAT tissue was excised and studied using fluorescence microscopy. Strong fluorescence signal was observed in BAT mouse that was injected with BODIPY 1. Conclusions: Unlike [18F]FDG, [18F]BODIPY 1 showed prominent accumulation in BAT under both inactive and stimulated status. [18F]BODIPY 1 may serve as a valuable BAT PET agent to possibly assess BAT mitochondria density, thus BAT thermogenic capacity after further evaluation.
Scaling of phloem structure and optimality of photoassimilate transport in conifer needles
Creators: name: Ronellenfitsch, Henrik
name: Liesche, Johannes
name: Jensen, Kaare H.
name: Holbrook, N. Michele
name: Schulz, Alexander
name: Katifori, Eleni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The phloem vascular system facilitates transport of energy-rich sugar and signaling molecules in plants, thus permitting long range communication within the organism and growth of non-photosynthesizing organs such as roots and fruits. The flow is driven by osmotic pressure, generated by differences in sugar concentration between distal parts of the plant. The phloem is an intricate distribution system, and many questions about its regulation and structural diversity remain unanswered. Here, we investigate the phloem structure in the simplest possible geometry: a linear leaf, found, for example, in the needles of conifer trees. We measure the phloem structure in four tree species representing a diverse set of habitats and needle sizes, from 1 cm (\textit{Picea omorika}) to 35 cm (\textit{Pinus palustris}). We show that the phloem shares common traits across these four species and find that the size of its conductive elements obeys a power law. We present a minimal model that accounts for these common traits and takes into account the transport strategy and natural constraints. This minimal model predicts a power law phloem distribution consistent with transport energy minimization, suggesting that energetics are more important than translocation speed at the leaf level.
description: 4 figures, supplemental information
Effect of microscopic susceptibility gradients on chemical-shift-based fat fraction quantification in supraclavicular fat
Creators: name: Burant, A.
name: McCallister, D.
name: Katz, L.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Branca, R.T.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Background: Susceptibility differences between fat and water can cause changes in the water-fat frequency separation that can negatively affect the accuracy of fat fraction techniques. This may be especially relevant for brown adipose tissue, as MRI fat fraction techniques have been proposed for its detection. Purpose: To assess the effect of microscopic magnetic susceptibility gradients on the water-fat frequency separation and its impact on chemical-shift-based fat fraction quantification techniques in the supraclavicular fat, where brown adipose tissue is commonly found in humans. Study Type: Prospective. Population/Subjects/Phantom/Specimen/Animal Model: Subjects: 11 healthy volunteers, mean age of 26 and mean BMI of 23, three overweight volunteers, mean age of 38 and mean BMI of 33. Phantoms: bovine phantom and intralipid fat emulsion. Simulations: various water-fat distributions. Field Strength/Sequence: Six-echo gradient echo chemical-shift-encoded sequence at 3T. Assessment: Fat fraction values as obtained from a water-fat spectral model accounting for susceptibility-induced water-fat frequency variations were directly compared to traditional spectral models that assume constant water-fat frequency separation. Statistical Tests: Two-tail t-tests were used for significance testing (p < 0.05.) A Bayesian Information Criterion difference of 6 between fits was taken as strong evidence of an improved model. Results: Phantom experiments and simulation results showed variations of the water-fat frequency separation up to 0.4 ppm and 0.6 ppm, respectively. In the supraclavicular area, the water-fat frequency separation produced by magnetic susceptibility gradients varied by as much as ±0.4 ppm, with a mean of 0.08 ± 0.14 ppm, producing a mean difference in fat fraction of –1.26 ± 5.26%. Data Conclusion: In the supraclavicular fat depot, microscopic susceptibility gradients that exist within a voxel between water and fat compartments can produce variations in the water-fat frequency separation. These variations may produce fat fraction quantification errors of 5% when a spectral model with a fixed water-fat frequency separation is applied, which could impact MR brown fat techniques.
Resource convertibility and ordered commutative monoids
Creators: name: Fritz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 90B99, 06F05, Secondary: 05C60, 92E20, 18D20, 46B40

description: Resources and their use and consumption form a central part of our life. Many branches of science and engineering are concerned with the question of which given resource objects can be converted into which target resource objects. For example, information theory studies the conversion of a noisy communication channel instance into an exchange of information. Inspired by work in quantum information theory, we develop a general mathematical toolbox for this type of question. The convertibility of resources into other ones and the possibility of combining resources is accurately captured by the mathematics of ordered commutative monoids. As an intuitive example, we consider chemistry, where chemical reaction equations such as \[ \mathrm{2H_2 + O_2} \to \mathrm{2H_2O} \] are concerned both with a convertibility relation "$\to$" and a combination operation "$+$". We study ordered commutative monoids from an algebraic and functional-analytic perspective and derive a wealth of results which should have applications to concrete resource theories, such as a formula for rates of conversion. As a running example showing that ordered commutative monoids are also of purely mathematical interest, we exemplify our results with the ordered commutative monoid of graphs. While closely related to both Girard's linear logic and to Deutsch's constructor theory, our framework also produces results very reminiscent of the utility theorem of von Neumann and Morgenstern in decision theory and of a theorem of Lieb and Yngvason on thermodynamics. Concerning pure algebra, our observation is that some pieces of algebra can be developed in a context in which equality is not necessarily symmetric, i.e. in which the equality relation is replaced by an ordering relation. For example, notions like cancellativity or torsion-freeness are still sensible and very natural concepts in our ordered setting.
description: 63 pages. v2: revised exposition, new title
Shell-model study for allowed and forbidden $β^-$ decay properties in the mass region "south" of $^{208}$Pb
Creators: name: Sharma, Shweta
name: Srivastava, Praveen C.
name: Kumar, Anil
name: Suzuki, Toshio
name: Yuan, Cenxi
name: Shimizu, Noritaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The large-scale shell-model calculations have been performed for the neutron-rich nuclei in the south region of $^{208}$Pb in the nuclear chart. The $β$-decay properties, such as the $\log ft$, average shape factor values, half-lives, and partial decay rates are calculated for these neutron-rich nuclei using recent effective interaction for the $^{208}$Pb region. These calculations have been performed without truncation in a particular model space for nuclei $N\leq 126$; additionally, particle-hole excitations are included in the case of core-breaking nuclei ($Z\leq 82, N>126$). An extensive comparison with the experimental data has been made, and spin parities of several states have been proposed.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
(501068) Ernest William Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Parancistrolepidinae HABE 1972
Creators: name: Squires, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Neogastropoda
Buccinidae

description: PARANCISTROLEPIDINAE HABE, 1972   Remarks— Kantor et al. (2021) noted that subfamily Parancistrolepidinae Habe, 1972 has priority over Ancistrolepidinae Habe and Sato, 1973. For a list of genera included in Parancistrolepidinae, see Kantor et al. (2021: p. 31).
description: Published as part of Squires, Richard L., 2022, The earliest Ancistrolepis (Gastropoda: Buccinidae) and its geologic implications, pp. 1-11 in PaleoBios 39 (2) on page 5, DOI: 10.5070/P939257077, http://zenodo.org/record/13743800
การสำรวจความคิดเห็นของผู้เรียนที่มีต่อกิจกรรมการเรียนการสอน วิชาปฏิบัติการฟิสิกส์เบื้องต้น ด้วยวิธีสอนแบบทรีอินวัน
Creators: name: กาญจนา จันทร์ประเสริฐ
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2008
Subjects: Learning Activities
Three-in-One Method
กิจกรรมการเรียนการสอน
วิธีสอนแบบทรีอินวัน

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 2, 1, 53-62
Calibration of methylene-referenced lipid-dissolved xenon frequency for absolute MR temperature measurements
Creators: name: Branca, R.T.
name: Erdmann, D.
name: Antonacci, M.A.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Degan, S.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2019

description: Purpose: Absolute MR temperature measurements are currently difficult because they require precalibration procedures specific for tissue types and conditions. Reference of the lipid-dissolved 129Xe resonance frequency to temperature-insensitive methylene protons (rLDX) has been proposed to remove the effect of macro- and microscopic susceptibility gradients to obtain absolute temperature information. The scope of this work is to evaluate the rLDX chemical shift (CS) dependence on lipid composition to estimate the precision of absolute temperature measurements in lipids. Methods: Neat triglycerides, vegetable oils, and samples of freshly excised human and rodent adipose tissue (AT) are prepared under 129Xe atmosphere and studied using high-resolution NMR. The rLDX CS is measured as a function of temperature. 1H spectra are also acquired and the consistency of methylene-referenced water proton and rLDX CS values are compared in human AT. Results: Although rLDX CS shows a dependence on lipid composition, in human and rodent AT samples the rLDX shows consistent CS values with a similar temperature dependence (–0.2058 ± 0.0010) ppm/°C × T (°C) + (200.15 ± 0.03) ppm, enabling absolute temperature measurements with an accuracy of 0.3°C. Methylene-referenced water CS values present variations of up to 4°C, even under well-controlled conditions. Conclusions: The rLDX can be used to obtain accurate absolute temperature measurements in AT, opening new opportunities for hyperpolarized 129Xe MR to measure tissue absolute temperature.
Truthing the stretch: Non-perturbative cosmological realizations with multiscale spherical collapse
Creators: name: Neyrinck, Mark C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we present a simple, parameter-free, non-perturbative algorithm that gives low-redshift cosmological particle realizations accurate to few-Megaparsec scales, called MUSCLE (MUltiscale Spherical ColLapse Evolution). It has virtually the same cost as producing N-body-simulation initial conditions, since it works with the 'stretch' parameter ψ, the Lagrangian divergence of the displacement field. It promises to be useful in quickly producing mock catalogs, and to simplify computationally intensive reconstructions of galaxy surveys. MUSCLE applies a spherical-collapse prescription on multiple Gaussian-smoothed scales. It achieves higher accuracy than perturbative schemes (Zel'dovich and 2LPT), and, by including the void-in-cloud process (voids in large-scale collapsing regions), solves problems with a single-scale spherical-collapse scheme. Slight further improvement is possible by mixing in the 2LPT estimate on large scales. Additionally, we show the behavior of ψ for different morphologies (voids, walls, filaments, and haloes). A Python code to produce these realizations is available at http://skysrv.pha.jhu.edu/~neyrinck/muscle.html.
description: Minor changes; now matches version accepted to MNRAS Letters. Python code available at http://skysrv.pha.jhu.edu/~neyrinck/muscle.html
Interpolating function and Stokes Phenomena
Creators: name: Honda, Masazumi
name: Jatkar, Dileep P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When we have two expansions of physical quantity around two different points in parameter space, we can usually construct a family of functions, which interpolates the both expansions. In this paper we study analytic structures of such interpolating functions and discuss their physical implications. We propose that the analytic structures of the interpolating functions provide information on analytic property and Stokes phenomena of the physical quantity, which we approximate by the interpolating functions. We explicitly check our proposal for partition functions of zero-dimensional $φ^4$ theory and Sine-Gordon model. In the zero dimensional Sine-Gordon model, we compare our result with a recent result from resurgence analysis. We also comment on construction of interpolating function in Borel plane.
description: 21+6 pages, 16 figures; v2: minor corrections; v3: minor corrections
Central exclusive production in the ALICE experiment at the LHC
Creators: name: Schicker, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ALICE experiment at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN consists of a central barrel, a muon spectrometer and additional detectors for trigger and event classification purposes. The low transverse momentum threshold of the central barrel gives ALICE a unique opportunity to study the low mass sector of central exclusive production at the LHC.
description: 5 pages
OPEUS D7.1 - Outlook of Mainline, Regional and Urban Rail Energy Usage
Creators: name: Partner-UIC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This report has been prepared as Deliverable D7.1 “Outlook of Mainline, Regional and Urban Rail Energy Usage” in the framework of the EU co-funded, specifically relating to WP7, Task 7.1 “Outlook of mainline and regional rail energy usage” and Task 7.2 “Outlook of urban rail energy usage”. The aim is to provide an overview of energy consumption trends and energy efficiency improvement schemes from mainline and regional railway companies and urban railway companies. An analysis of the final energy consumption provided by companies that pledged to the UIC Environment Strategy and Reporting System (ESRS) will be given. Compliance with the target can be appreciated. Drivers allowing energy efficiency improvement were explored. An insight of urban railways development is also provided aside from the evolution of public transport services demand evolution. A perspective of the upcoming improvement is shown by looking into undergoing development technologies.
Direct detection of brown adipose tissue thermogenesis in UCP1−/− mice by hyperpolarized 129Xe MR thermometry
Creators: name: Kelley, M.
name: Antonacci, M.A.
name: McHugh, C.
name: Degan, S.
name: Branca, R.T.
name: McCallister, A.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2019

description: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a type of fat specialized in non-shivering thermogenesis. While non-shivering thermogenesis is mediated primarily by uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), the development of the UCP1 knockout mouse has enabled the study of possible UCP1-independent non-shivering thermogenic mechanisms, whose existence has been shown so far only indirectly in white adipose tissue and still continues to be a matter of debate in BAT. In this study, by using magnetic resonance thermometry with hyperpolarized xenon, we produce the first direct evidence of UCP1-independent BAT thermogenesis in knockout mice. We found that, following adrenergic stimulation, the BAT temperature of knockout mice increases more and faster than rectal temperature. While with this study we cannot exclude or separate the physiological effect of norepinephrine on core body temperature, the fast increase of iBAT temperature seems to suggest the existence of a possible UCP1-independent thermogenic mechanism responsible for this temperature increase.
(501067) Kate Eliza Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501066) Sarah [Conduit] nee Clark?
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(501065) William Conduit
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Accessing the transport properties of pristine few-layer black phosphorus by van der Waals passivation in inert atmosphere
Creators: name: Doganov, Rostislav A.
name: O'Farrell, Eoin C. T.
name: Koenig, Steven P.
name: Yeo, Yuting
name: Ziletti, Angelo
name: Carvalho, Alexandra
name: Campbell, David K.
name: Coker, David F.
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Neto, Antonio H. Castro
name: Özyilmaz, Barbaros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrathin black phosphorus, or phosphorene, is the second known elementary two-dimensional material that can be exfoliated from a bulk van der Waals crystal. Unlike graphene it is a semiconductor with a sizeable band gap and its excellent electronic properties make it attractive for applications in transistor, logic, and optoelectronic devices. However, it is also the first widely investigated two dimensional electronic material to undergo degradation upon exposure to ambient air. Therefore a passivation method is required to study the intrinsic material properties, understand how oxidation affects the physical transport properties and to enable future application of phosphorene. Here we demonstrate that atomically thin graphene and hexagonal boron nitride crystals can be used for passivation of ultrathin black phosphorus. We report that few-layer pristine black phosphorus channels passivated in an inert gas environment, without any prior exposure to air, exhibit greatly improved n-type charge transport resulting in symmetric electron and hole trans-conductance characteristics. We attribute these results to the formation of oxygen acceptor states in air-exposed samples which drastically perturb the band structure in comparison to the pristine passivated black phosphorus.
Effects of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles on the longitudinal and transverse relaxation of hyperpolarized xenon gas
Creators: name: Branca, R.T.
name: Zhang, L.
name: Burant, A.
name: McCallister, D.
name: Antonacci, M.
Publisher: name: Academic Press Inc.
Year: 2018

description: SuperParamagnetic Iron Oxide Nanoparticles (SPIONs) are often used in magnetic resonance imaging experiments to enhance Magnetic Resonance (MR) sensitivity and specificity. While the effect of SPIONs on the longitudinal and transverse relaxation time of 1H spins has been well characterized, their effect on highly diffusive spins, like those of hyperpolarized gases, has not. For spins diffusing in linear magnetic field gradients, the behavior of the magnetization is characterized by the relative size of three length scales: the diffusion length, the structural length, and the dephasing length. However, for spins diffusing in non-linear gradients, such as those generated by iron oxide nanoparticles, that is no longer the case, particularly if the diffusing spins experience the non-linearity of the gradient. To this end, 3D Monte Carlo simulations are used to simulate the signal decay and the resulting image contrast of hyperpolarized xenon gas near SPIONs. These simulations reveal that signal loss near SPIONs is dominated by transverse relaxation, with little contribution from T1 relaxation, while simulated image contrast and experiments show that diffusion provides no appreciable sensitivity enhancement to SPIONs.
"Why so many windows?" – How the ImageNet image database influences automated image recognition of historical images.
Creators: name: Hunger, Francis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: computer vision
convolutional neural network
feature extraction
painting
artwork
ImageNet

description: In the field of automated image recognition, computer vision or artificial ‘intelligence,’ the ImageNet data collection plays a central role as a training dataset. For the research project Training The Archive, which aims to make digital humanities methods available for the curating of art, the extent to which ImageNet influences the software prototype The Curator's Machine is discussed. The Curator's Machine is designed to facilitate the discovery of relationships and connections between artworks for curators. The text explains how ImageNet, anchored in contemporary image worlds, acts on contemporary and historical artworks by 1) examining the absence of the classification 'art' in ImageNet, 2) questioning  ImageNet’s lack of historicity, and 3) discussing the relationship between texture and outline in ImageNet-based automated image recognition. This research is important for the genealogical, art historical, and coding related usage of ImageNet in the fields of curating, art history, art studies and digital humanities.
การพัฒนาทักษะการเขียนสารคดีโดยใช้กระบวนการวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการ แบบมีส่วนร่วมสำหรับผู้เรียนระดับปริญญาตรี
Creators: name: ศิริพร กิตติวรากูล
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2008
Subjects: Applied Skill
Classroom Research
Feature Writing
Learning Process
Participatory Action Research
กระบวนการเรียนการสอน
การวิจัยชั้นเรียน
การวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการแบบมีส่วนร่วม
การเขียนสารคดี
ทักษะการนำไปใช้

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 2, 1, 63-81