cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Saturable absorption in highly excited silicon and its suppression at the surface
Creators: name: Yamada, Shunsuke
name: Otobe, Tomohito
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear electronic excitation in laser-irradiated silicon at finite electron temperatures is numerically investigated by first-principles calculations based on the time-dependent density functional theory. In bulk silicon at finite temperatures under near-infrared laser irradiation, we found that the absorbed energy is saturated when using a certain laser intensity even with a few-cycle pulse. Although one-photon processes of conduction-to-conduction and valence-to-valence transitions are dominant at such a laser intensity, the Pauli blocking inhibits further one-photon transition. With higher intensities, multi-photon excitation across the bandgap overwhelms the one-photon excitation and the saturable absorption disappears. At the surface of finite-temperature silicon, the Pauli blocking is suppressed by the symmetry breaking and the absorbed energy is relatively enhanced from the energy of the saturable absorption in the bulk region.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
title: Studying the CSI:TL optical properties of an indirect conversion digital detector
Creators: name: Kalyvas, Nektarios
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radiation physics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Indirect digital detectors are often utilizing CsI:Tl scintillators to transform the absorbed X-ray energy to optical photon energy. The main advantage of the CsI:Tl is its columnar form, which enables superior signal transfer characteristics. In...
Misfolded protein oligomers induce an increase of intracellular Ca2+ causing an escalation of reactive oxidative species.
Creators: name: Fani, Giulia
name: La Torre, Chiara Ester
name: Cascella, Roberta
name: Cecchi, Cristina
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
name: Chiti, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Original Article
NMDA receptors
AMPA receptors
Membrane destabilization
Calcium homeostasis
Oxidative stress
Protein misfolding
Neurodegenerative diseases

description: Funder: Università degli Studi di Firenze
description: Alzheimer's disease is characterized by the accumulation in the brain of the amyloid β (Aβ) peptide in the form of senile plaques. According to the amyloid hypothesis, the aggregation process of Aβ also generates smaller soluble misfolded oligomers that contribute to disease progression. One of the mechanisms of Aβ oligomer cytotoxicity is the aberrant interaction of these species with the phospholipid bilayer of cell membranes, with a consequent increase in cytosolic Ca2+ levels, flowing from the extracellular space, and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Here we investigated the relationship between the increase in Ca2+ and ROS levels immediately after the exposure to misfolded protein oligomers, asking whether they are simultaneous or instead one precedes the other. Using Aβ42-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) and type A HypF-N model oligomers (OAs), we followed the kinetics of ROS production and Ca2+ influx in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells and rat primary cortical neurons in a variety of conditions. In all cases we found a faster increase of intracellular Ca2+ than ROS levels, and a lag phase in the latter process. A Ca2+-deprived cell medium prevented the increase of intracellular Ca2+ ions and abolished ROS production. By contrast, treatment with antioxidant agents prevented ROS formation, did not prevent the initial Ca2+ flux, but allowed the cells to react to the initial calcium dyshomeostasis, restoring later the normal levels of the ions. These results reveal a mechanism in which the entry of Ca2+ causes the production of ROS in cells challenged by aberrant protein oligomers.
title: Feasibility of Low Contrast Concentration and Ultralow Radiation Dose Protocol for Coronary Stent Imaging Using High-Definition 256-Detector Row Gemstone CT: A Phantom Study
Creators: name: Wu, Ming-Ting
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artifacts
subject: Technology assessment
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Cardiac

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Blooming artifact and beam hardening artifact of computed tomography (CT) are common obstacles for metallic stent imaging. They affect the accuracy in assessment of stent patency, especially in stents with a diameter less than 3 mm. Using high-kV...
title: Is CESM (Contrast Enhanced Spectral Mammography) better than MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) for breast cancer patients pre-operatively?
Creators: name: Patel, Shivali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Surgery
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Lymph nodes
subject: Breast

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: When a diagnosis of breast cancer is established, further tumour evaluation/staging might be needed by MRI due to high sensitivity. Breast MRI is a modality which is associated with a slightly increased number of false positive results, increased...
Critical versus spurious fluctuations in the search for the QCD critical point
Creators: name: Hippert, Maurício
name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
name: Santos, Edivaldo M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neighborhood of the QCD chiral critical point is characterized by intense fluctuations of the chiral field which could, in principle, generate pronounced experimental signatures. However, experimental uncertainties which are inherent to heavy ion collisions, as well as the modest size and duration of the formed plasma, will severely attenuate these signatures. Using Monte Carlo techniques, we study second-order event-by-event moments of pions as a prototype for signatures of the chiral critical point based on the enhancement of the correlation length and event-by-event analysis. We test their viability against some realistic ingredients, similar to the ones found in the RHIC Beam Energy Scan program.
The Grand Aurorae Borealis Seen in Colombia in 1859
Creators: name: Cárdenas, Freddy Moreno
name: Sánchez, Sergio Cristancho
name: Domínguez, Santiago Vargas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On Thursday, September 1, 1859, the British astronomer Richard Carrington, for the first time ever, observes a spectacular gleam of visible light on the surface of the solar disk, the photosphere. The Carrington Event, as it is nowadays known by scientists, occurred because of the high solar activity that had visible consequences on Earth, in particular reports of outstanding aurorae activity that amazed thousands of people in the western hemisphere during the dawn of September 2. The geomagnetic storm, generated by the solar-terrestrial event, had such a magnitude that the auroral oval expanded towards the equator, allowing low latitudes, like Panama's 9$^\circ$ N, to catch a sight of the aurorae. An expedition was carried out to review several historical reports and books from the northern cities of Colombia, allowing the identification of a narrative from Montería, Colombia (8$^\circ$ 45' N), that describes phenomena resembling those of an aurorae borealis, such as fire-like lights, blazing and dazzling glares, and the appearance of an immense S-like shape in the sky. The very low latitude of the geomagnetic north pole in 1859, the lowest value in over half a millennia, is proposed to have allowed the observations of auroral events at locations closer to the equator, and supports the historical description found in Colombia. The finding of such chronicle represents one of the most complete descriptions of low-latitude sightings of aurorae caused by the Carrington Event.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research
title: Evaluation of rib fractures on a single-in-plane image reformation of the ribcage in CT-examinations
Creators: name: Hammon, Matthias
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Computer applications
subject: Bones
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Trauma

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Rib fractures occur in 40-50% of severely injured patients or after blunt chest trauma [1, 2]. Depending on the number and the location of rib fractures, patients may develop respiratory failure [3], abdominal solid organ injury [4] and demonstrate...
Heterostrain-enabled ultrahigh electrostrain in lead-free piezoelectric.
Creators: name: Feng, Wei
name: Luo, Bingcheng
name: Bian, Shuaishuai
name: Tian, Enke
name: Zhang, Zili
name: Kursumovic, Ahmed
name: MacManus-Driscoll, Judith L
name: Wang, Xiaohui
name: Li, Longtu
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/639/301
/639/301/119/996
/120
/147/143
/147/135
/119/118
/128
/145
/140/133
/140/146
article

description: Piezoelectric materials provide high strain and large driving forces in actuators and can transform electrical energy into mechanical energy. Although they were discovered over 100 years ago, scientists are still searching for alternative lead-free piezoelectrics to reduce their environmental impact. Developing high-strain piezoelectric materials has been a long-term challenge, particularly challenging for the design of high-strain polycrystalline piezoelectrics containing no toxic lead element. In this work, we report one strategy to enhance the electrostrain via designing "heterostrain" through atomic-scale defect engineering and mesoscale domain engineering. We achieve an ultrahigh electrostrain of 2.3% at high temperature (220 °C) in lead-free polycrystalline ceramics, higher than all state-of-the-art piezoelectric materials, including lead-free and lead-based ceramics and single crystals. We demonstrate practical solutions for achieving high electrostrain in low-cost environmentally piezoelectric for various applications.
Softening the corrective effect of populism: populist parties’ impact on political interest
Creators: name: Nemčok, Miroslav
name: Bosancianu, Constantin Manuel
name: Leshchenko, Olga
name: Kluknavská, Alena
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Populist appeals to ‘pure people’ have been theorised to mobilise previously disengaged citizens. However, this ‘corrective consequence’ has found weak support in empirical research. This finding is consistent with studies that suggest that novel campaign appeals and new political offerings have a negligible effect on turnout. As a consequence, this research proposes a distinction between the behavioural and attitudinal effects of populism and introduces a softened revision to the corrective argument: Despite a negligible behavioural impact on individuals’ turnout propensity, the electoral success of populism is nevertheless associated with an attitudinal change: increased political interest. This proposition is supported by two empirical tests. The first detects this dynamic among 232,208 respondents in 136 national election studies from 16 Western countries (1970–2017). The second analysis, which uses an improved causal identification strategy, uncovers an analogous effect in the GESIS Panel (2014–17, Germany). Hence, the emergence of populist parties can stimulate political interest among citizens, even though it does not necessarily lead to increased turnout.
title: The accuracy of interpretation of emergency abdominal CT in adult patients who present with non-traumatic abdominal pain: Results of a United Kingdom national audit
Creators: name: Ball, Christopher
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Workforce

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this national, UK-wide audit on acute abdominopelvic CT reporting in surgical and non-surgical groups included: ·Assessment of major/minor discrepancy rates for provisional (initial) and also addendum reports. · Examine factors...
(103356) Arthur William Prichard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Assessment and improvement of the anatomical adequacy of plain abdominal radiographs
Creators: name: Wong, Nicholas
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Emergency
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Education and training

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The plain abdominal radiograph is an important radiological tool aiding diagnosis and clinical decision making. Each film gives a 0.4mSv dose of radiation, 30 times more than a chest radiograph. An anatomically adequate film is essential for...
Brane induced gravity: Ghosts and naturalness
Creators: name: Eglseer, Ludwig
name: Niedermann, Florian
name: Schneider, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear stability of brane induced gravity in two codimensions on a static pure tension background is investigated. The brane is regularized as a ring of finite circumference in extra space. By explicitly calculating the vacuum persistence amplitude of the corresponding quantum theory, we show that the parameter space is divided into two regions - one corresponding to a stable Minkowski vacuum on the brane and one being plagued by ghost instabilities. This analytical result affirms a recent nonlinear, but mainly numerical analysis. The main result is that the ghost is absent for a sufficiently large brane tension, in perfect agreement with a value expected from a natural effective field theory point of view. Unfortunately, the linearly stable parameter regime is either ruled out phenomenologically or becomes unstable for nontrivial cosmologies. We argue that super-critical brane backgrounds constitute the remaining window of opportunity. In the special case of a tensionless brane, we find that the ghost exists for all phenomenologically relevant values of the induced gravity scale. Regarding this case, there are contradicting results in the literature, and we are able to fully resolve this controversy by explicitly uncovering the errors made in the "no-ghost" analysis. Finally, a Hamiltonian analysis generalizes the ghost result to more than two codimensions.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures. v3: matches published version
Audiologic Management and Outcomes of Children with  Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD)
Creators: name: Berry, Stephanie
name: McMillen, Ashley
name: Bartoshuk, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Auditory Neuropathy Spectrum Disorder (ANSD) is clinically characterized by abnormal Auditory Brainstem Response (ABR) wave morphology and normal outer hair cell function with present cochlear microphonic and/or otoacoustic emissions (OAEs) (Starr et al, 1996). This combination of features makes electrophysiologic prediction of functional hearing and outcomes of amplification difficult to predict (Berlin et al, 2010). Hearing ranges from normal to profound loss in one or both ears, and with equally variable speech performance that is often disproportionately poor relative to the degree of hearing loss (Rance et al, 1999). There is no current international standard of management for this population. Clinical interventions vary between no intervention, hearing aids, and cochlear implants. The purpose of this systematic review is to evaluate the current literature for management strategies for ANSD internationally and their associated outcomes.
Multi-omics analysis defines highly refractory RAS burdened immature subgroup of infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
Creators: name: Isobe, Tomoya
name: Takagi, Masatoshi
name: Sato-Otsubo, Aiko
name: Nishimura, Akira
name: Nagae, Genta
name: Yamagishi, Chika
name: Tamura, Moe
name: Tanaka, Yosuke
name: Asada, Shuhei
name: Takeda, Reina
name: Tsuchiya, Akiho
name: Wang, Xiaonan
name: Yoshida, Kenichi
name: Nannya, Yasuhito
name: Ueno, Hiroo
name: Akazawa, Ryo
name: Kato, Itaru
name: Mikami, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kentaro
name: Sekiguchi, Masahiro
name: Seki, Masafumi
name: Kimura, Shunsuke
name: Hiwatari, Mitsuteru
name: Kato, Motohiro
name: Fukuda, Shiro
name: Tatsuno, Kenji
name: Tsutsumi, Shuichi
name: Kanai, Akinori
name: Inaba, Toshiya
name: Shiozawa, Yusuke
name: Shiraishi, Yuichi
name: Chiba, Kenichi
name: Tanaka, Hiroko
name: Kotecha, Rishi S
name: Cruickshank, Mark N
name: Ishikawa, Fumihiko
name: Morio, Tomohiro
name: Eguchi, Mariko
name: Deguchi, Takao
name: Kiyokawa, Nobutaka
name: Arakawa, Yuki
name: Koh, Katsuyoshi
name: Aoki, Yuki
name: Ishihara, Takashi
name: Tomizawa, Daisuke
name: Miyamura, Takako
name: Ishii, Eiichi
name: Mizutani, Shuki
name: Wilson, Nicola K
name: Göttgens, Berthold
name: Miyano, Satoru
name: Kitamura, Toshio
name: Goyama, Susumu
name: Yokoyama, Akihiko
name: Aburatani, Hiroyuki
name: Ogawa, Seishi
name: Takita, Junko
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/692/4028/67/2332
/692/4028/67/1990/283/2125
/631/67/69
/631/208/212/2166
/38/91
/45/23
/45/61
/45/15
article

description: Funder: Japan Foundation for Pediatric Research Funai Foundation for Information Technology
description: Funder: Princess Takamatsu Cancer Research Fund; doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100008886
description: KMT2A-rearranged infant acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) represents the most refractory type of childhood leukemia. To uncover the molecular heterogeneity of this disease, we perform RNA sequencing, methylation array analysis, whole exome and targeted deep sequencing on 84 infants with KMT2A-rearranged leukemia. Our multi-omics clustering followed by single-sample and single-cell inference of hematopoietic differentiation establishes five robust integrative clusters (ICs) with different master transcription factors, fusion partners and corresponding stages of B-lymphopoietic and early hemato-endothelial development: IRX-type differentiated (IC1), IRX-type undifferentiated (IC2), HOXA-type MLLT1 (IC3), HOXA-type MLLT3 (IC4), and HOXA-type AFF1 (IC5). Importantly, our deep mutational analysis reveals that the number of RAS pathway mutations predicts prognosis and that the most refractory subgroup of IC2 possesses 100% frequency and the heaviest burden of RAS pathway mutations. Our findings highlight the previously under-appreciated intra- and inter-patient heterogeneity of KMT2A-rearranged infant ALL and provide a rationale for the future development of genomics-guided risk stratification and individualized therapy.
title: Percutaneous management of intra and extra-hepatic biliary leakage: Alternatives to bile diversion.
Creators: name: Abdel Aal, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Embolisation
subject: Drainage
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Review the different classifications of biliary leaks and fistulas. 2. Describe the presenting symptoms and signs. 3. Highlight the role of different imaging modalities in the diagnosis of intra-hepatic and extra-hepatic biliary leakage and...
Group-based public opinion polarisation in multi-party systems
Creators: name: Traber, Denise
name: Stoetzer, Lukas F.
name: Burri, Tanja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Public opinion polarisation can impair society’s ability to reach a democratic consensus in different political issue areas. This appears particularly true when the polarisation of opinions coincides with clearly identifiable social groups. The literature on public opinion polarisation has mostly focussed on the US two-party context. We lack concepts and measures that can be adapted to European countries with multi-party systems and multi-layered group identities. This article proposes a conceptualisation of polarisation between groups in society. It presents a measure that captures the overlap of ideology distributions between groups. The two-step empirical framework includes hierarchical IRT models and a measure for dissimilarity of distributions. The second part presents an empirical application of the measure based on survey data from Switzerland (1994–2016), which reveals insightful dynamics of public opinion polarisation between party supporters and education groups.
title: Correlation between port-systemic pressure gradient and changes in platelet count following transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt
Creators: name: Abdel Aal, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Shunts
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To demonstrate improvement in platelet count after TIPS To determine if the pre-TIPs platelet count affects the magnitude of change in platelet count after TIPS. To demonstrate if the change in portosystemic pressure gradient (PSG) after TIPS...
(103346) Alfred Redwood Vachell
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Invariant surface glycoprotein 65 of Trypanosoma brucei is a complement C3 receptor.
Creators: name: Macleod, Olivia JS
name: Cook, Alexander D
name: Webb, Helena
name: Crow, Mandy
name: Burns, Roisin
name: Redpath, Maria
name: Seisenberger, Stefanie
name: Trevor, Camilla E
name: Peacock, Lori
name: Schwede, Angela
name: Kimblin, Nicola
name: Francisco, Amanda F
name: Pepperl, Julia
name: Rust, Steve
name: Voorheis, Paul
name: Gibson, Wendy
name: Taylor, Martin C
name: Higgins, Matthew K
name: Carrington, Mark
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/631/250/262
/631/326/417/2547
/101
article

description: African trypanosomes are extracellular pathogens of mammals and are exposed to the adaptive and innate immune systems. Trypanosomes evade the adaptive immune response through antigenic variation, but little is known about how they interact with components of the innate immune response, including complement. Here we demonstrate that an invariant surface glycoprotein, ISG65, is a receptor for complement component 3 (C3). We show how ISG65 binds to the thioester domain of C3b. We also show that C3 contributes to control of trypanosomes during early infection in a mouse model and provide evidence that ISG65 is involved in reducing trypanosome susceptibility to C3-mediated clearance. Deposition of C3b on pathogen surfaces, such as trypanosomes, is a central point in activation of the complement system. In ISG65, trypanosomes have evolved a C3 receptor which diminishes the downstream effects of C3 deposition on the control of infection.
A Simple Parallel Implementation of Interaction Nets in Haskell
Creators: name: Kahl, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to their "inherent parallelism", interaction nets have since their introduction been considered as an attractive implementation mechanism for functional programming. We show that a simple highly-concurrent implementation in Haskell can achieve promising speed-ups on multiple cores.
description: In Proceedings DCM 2014, arXiv:1504.01927
(103349) James Fuller Eberle
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-pharmacological Interventions and Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Cloud, Sarah
name: Whalen, Meaghan
name: Verastegui, Danna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The The incidence rate for Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome (NAS) has seen a significant increase in the opioid-exposed newborn population across the United States, and research about best clinical prevention and intervention methods continues to develop (Ko et al. 2016). According to the CDC, NAS prevalence rates in North Carolina increased 2,033% from 0.3 cases per 1,000 hospital births in 2000 to 6.4 cases per 1,000 births in 2013 (Ko et al. 2016). NAS can lead to a wide range of symptoms that can impact the central nervous system, gastrointestinal system, respiratory system, and autonomic nervous system (Brandt & Finnegan, 2017). Symptoms of NAS include “irritability, hypertonia, tremors, feeding intolerance, emesis, watery stools, seizures, and respiratory distress” (Tsai & Doan, 2016). These infants are more likely to have a low birth weight and present with feeding problems following birth, requiring intensive medical care (Tsai & Doan, 2016). Meconium aspiration syndrome and respiratory distress syndrome are also more likely to occur in NAS infants (Patrick, Davis, Lehman, & Cooper, 2015). 

As this topic is relatively new in the field of speech-language pathology, our research was focused on evaluating the effects of the current non-pharmacological and pharmacological intervention methods and observing whether a hybrid non-pharmacological and pharmacological approach had more favorable outcomes when compared to the use of only pharmacological intervention(s).
The mobilisation potential of anti-containment protests in Germany
Creators: name: Hunger, Sophia
name: Hutter, Swen
name: Kanol, Eylem
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: The Covid-19 pandemic triggered polarisation across Europe. While most citizens supported governments’ containment measures, others took to the streets and voiced their dissatisfaction. The article focuses on the mobilisation potential related to this heterogenous protest wave. It examines individuals that show sympathy and are willing to engage in anti-containment demonstrations based on 16 waves of a rolling cross-section survey fielded in Germany in 2020/2021. The results show a considerable and stable mobilisation potential: every fifth respondent sympathises with the protesters, and around 60% of those are ready to participate themselves. Political distrust, far-right orientations and an emerging ‘freedom divide’ structure the potential, as do Covid-19-related economic and health threats. Moreover, the findings indicate a radicalisation process and show how ideology and threat perceptions drive the step from sympathy to willingness to participate, suggesting that ideological polarisation may quickly spill over to the streets given an appropriate supply of protest opportunities.
Interface enhanced electron-phonon coupling and high temperature superconductivity in potassium-coated ultra-thin FeSe films on SrTiO3
Creators: name: Tang, Chenjia
name: Liu, Chong
name: Zhou, Guanyu
name: Li, Fangsen
name: Zhang, Ding
name: Li, Zheng
name: Song, Canli
name: Ji, Shuaihua
name: He, Ke
name: Chen, Xi
name: Wang, Lili
name: Ma, Xucun
name: Xue, Qi-Kun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali-metal (potassium) adsorption on FeSe thin films with thickness from two unit cells (UC) to 4-UC on SrTiO3 grown by molecular beam epitaxy is investigated with a low-temperature scanning tunneling microscope. At appropriate potassium coverage (0.2-0.3 monolayer), the tunneling spectra of the films all exhibit a superconducting-like gap larger than 11 meV (five times the gap value of bulk FeSe), and two distinct features of characteristic phonon modes at 11 meV and 21 meV. The results reveal the critical role of the interface enhanced electron-phonon coupling for possible high temperature superconductivity in the system and is consistent with recent theories. Our study provides compelling evidence for the conventional pairing mechanism for this type of heterostructure superconducting systems.
title: Imaging in pregnancy-associated breast cancer: review approach
Creators: name: Posada, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Obstetrics
subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Mammography
subject: Oncology
subject: Obstetrics (Pregnancy / birth / postnatal period)
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe the main radiological features of breast tumors associated with pregnancy and its relationship with the clinic and pathologic findings; on the other hand, review the state of art for the use of image evaluations to achieve a correct...
title: MRI characteristics and biophysics of intracranial hemorrhage
Creators: name: Ljubešić, Luka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR physics
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Physics
subject: Blood
subject: Haemorrhage
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The goal of this educational poster is to describe the MRI characteristics of various temporal stages of intracranial hemorrhage and to relate and explain the biophysical effects responsible for their...
A catalogue of asteroseismically calibrated ages for APOGEE DR17
Creators: name: Boulet, Thibault
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Understanding the Milky Way's formation and evolution requires precise stellar age determination across its components. Recent advances in asteroseismology, spectroscopy, stellar modelling, and machine learning, along with all-sky surveys, have provided reliable stellar age estimates. We aim to provide accurate age estimates for the Main Red Star Sample within the APOGEE DR17 catalogue. Leveraging asteroseismic age constraints, we employ machine learning to achieve this goal. We explore non-asteroseismic stellar parameters, including the effective temperature, luminosity, [CI/N], [Mg/Ce], [α/Fe], U space velocity (LSR), and Z vertical height from the Galactic plane, to predict ages via categorical gradient boost decision trees. Our model, trained on merged samples from the TESS and APOKASC catalogues, achieves a median fractional age error of 20.8%, with a model variance of 4.8%. For stars older than 3 Gyr, the error ranges from 7 to 23%, for stars between 1 and 3 Gyr, it ranges from 26 to 28%, and for stars younger than 1 Gyr, it is of 43%. Applied to 125,445 stars, our analysis confirms the flaring of the young Galactic disc and reveals an age gradient among the youngest Galactic plane stars. We also identify two groups of metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -1.0 dex) and young (< 2 Gyr) stars exhibiting similar chemical abundances and halo kinematics, likely remnants of the predicted third gas-infall episode around 2.7 Gyr ago.
(103350) Constance Marguarite Fedden
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: An Algorithm to aid investigation for Peritoneal Tuberculosis based on CT appearance
Creators: name: Allard, Rachel
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Biopsy
subject: Infection
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Imaging manifestations of peritoneal tuberculosis are suggestive but not always specific for the infection. The gold standard for diagnosis is by radiological or surgical biopsy of the peritoneum for mycobacterial culture confirmation, however...
title: Phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy study shows no sex differences in brain pH
Creators: name: Cichocka, Monika
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metabolic disorders
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The human brain has a number of anatomical and functional sex differences. So far it was not examined whether the pH of the tissues in the brain is different in women and men. Therefore, the aim of this study was to calculate the pH values in...
Antisymmetric galaxy cross-correlations as a cosmological probe
Creators: name: Dai, Liang
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Kovetz, Ely D.
name: Raccanelli, Alvise
name: Shiraishi, Maresuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The auto-correlation between two members of a galaxy population is symmetric under the interchange of the two galaxies being correlated. The cross-correlation between two different types of galaxies, separated by a vector $\bf{r}$, is not necessarily the same as that for a pair separated by $-\bf{r}$. Local anisotropies in the two-point cross-correlation function may thus indicate a specific direction which when mapped as a function of position trace out a vector field. This vector field can then be decomposed into longitudinal and transverse components, and those transverse components written as positive- and negative-helicity components. A locally asymmetric cross-correlation of the longitudinal type arises naturally in halo clustering, even with Gaussian initial conditions, and could be enhanced with local-type non-Gaussianity. Early-Universe scenarios that introduce a vector field may also give rise to such effects. These antisymmetric cross-correlations also provide a new possibility to seek a preferred cosmic direction correlated with the hemispherical power asymmetry in the cosmic microwave background and to seek a preferred location associated with the CMB cold spot. New ways to seek cosmic parity breaking are also possible.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure; version matching publication in PRD
title: Automatic CT-derived imaging biomarkers for morphological assessment of the airways: preliminary experience in patients with severe asthma
Creators: name: Sanz-Requena, Roberto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease
subject: Tissue characterisation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Patients with severe asthma show different clinical signs and diverse functional respiratory test results. Invasive and very uncomfortable analyses are required to evaluate these patients and injury characteristics are established by the subjective...
A Systematic Review: Surface Electromyography Versus Electrical Stimulation in Post-Stroke Dysphagia Treatment
Creators: name: Perrotta, Laura
name: Glendenning, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Dysphagia, otherwise known as difficulty with swallowing, can be mild or severe enough for patients to be put on an NPO diet. Dysphagia is prevalent after a stroke and is thought to affect 45-65% of post-stroke patients (Lee et. al, 2018). There are several traditional therapies that are used to treat dysphagia, such as effortful swallow and the Mendelsohn maneuver (Permsirivanich et. al, 2009).  In traditional behavioral therapy techniques, a patient purposefully incorporates an action or behavior during a swallow in order to elicit a successful swallow. 

Electrical stimulation, otherwise known as neuromuscular electrical stimulation, uses an electric current to stimulate nerves and hopefully produce muscle contraction (Li et. al, 2018). Surface electromyography (sEMG) can also be used as a biofeedback technique to help teach patients swallowing techniques (Azola et. al, 2015).  Electrical stimulation and sEMG can be used in conjunction with traditional swallowing therapies. This systematic review was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of electrical stimulation and sEMG in the treatment of dysphagia in post-stroke patients.
title: Laparoscopic versus Radiologic Peritoneal Dialysis Catheter Placement Outcomes in Urgent versus Elective Settings.
Creators: name: Abdel Aal, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Drainage
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Urgent unplanned peritoneal dialysis (PD)starts are commonly seen in clinical practice and responsible for about one-third of the incident dialysis cases.Urgent-StartPD is potentially a viable alternative that spares exposing patients to the risk of...
Conformally Invariant Spinorial Equations in Six Dimensions
Creators: name: Batista, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work deals with the conformal transformations in six-dimensional spinorial formalism. Several conformally invariant equations are obtained and their geometrical interpretation are worked out. Finally, the integrability conditions for some of these equations are established. Moreover, in the course of the article, some useful identities involving the curvature of the spinorial connection are attained and a digression about harmonic forms and more general massless fields is made.
description: 24 pages. Matches the published version
Divided by Europe: affective polarisation in the context of European elections
Creators: name: Hahm, Hyeonho
name: Hilpert, David
name: König, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: As European integration has become politicised over the last several decades, scholars have paid keen attention to the role of identity in shaping political conflicts and contestation in Europe. This article investigates the microfoundation of the political divide over European integration by building on and extending theories of social identity and recent studies on affective polarisation. Large-scale survey experiment data from 25 European Union member states are analysed to explore the extent of divides over European integration. This analysis shows a statistically significant and substantively large magnitude of the divide based on European identity. Moreover, results show that this divide over European integration deserves particular attention as it is largely driven by out-group animosity, rather than in-group favouritism. Lastly, results show that electoral context, such as electoral salience, involvement in elections, elite polarisation, and the strength of Eurosceptic parties, influences the intensity of the European divide.
title: Artifact suppression of EFOV using the bolus
Creators: name: Esaki, Tooru
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Technology assessment
subject: CT
subject: Radiographers
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Scan field of view (SFOV) of computed tomography (CT) is limited. The image is not reconstructed when the target imaging region does not fit in SFOV due to the physique and position of the examinee. Extended field of view (EFOV) algorithms to...
title: 'T2-Hyper Rim' and 'Delayed Surrounding Rim' Signs of Invasive Breast Carcinomas: Correlation with Enhancement Ratio and Histologic Features.
Creators: name: Matsubayashi, Roka
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Cancer
subject: Pathology
subject: Biological effects

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can demonstrate features of invasive breast carcinomas, which show heterogeneity based on their biological differentiation. In this study, we focused on the"T2-hyper rim" and “delayed surrounding rim" signs that...
Peer-Mediated Intervention in High School Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder
Creators: name: Frink, Jill
name: Sager, Annie
name: Sampson, Dana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: In the initial research stage, the authors found that there is a relatively large amount of research on the use of peer-mediated intervention (PMI) with preschool, elementary, and middle school-aged children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) (Zhang & Wheeler, 2011).  However, the impact of PMI for high school students with ASD has been less explored. Therefore, this systematic review seeks to compile and analyze the existing research on using PMI with adolescents with ASD and draw attention to the need for more research in this area.
Wireless Communications in the Era of Big Data
Creators: name: Bi, Suzhi
name: Zhang, Rui
name: Ding, Zhi
name: Cui, Shuguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The rapidly growing wave of wireless data service is pushing against the boundary of our communication network's processing power. The pervasive and exponentially increasing data traffic present imminent challenges to all the aspects of the wireless system design, such as spectrum efficiency, computing capabilities and fronthaul/backhaul link capacity. In this article, we discuss the challenges and opportunities in the design of scalable wireless systems to embrace such a "bigdata" era. On one hand, we review the state-of-the-art networking architectures and signal processing techniques adaptable for managing the bigdata traffic in wireless networks. On the other hand, instead of viewing mobile bigdata as a unwanted burden, we introduce methods to capitalize from the vast data traffic, for building a bigdata-aware wireless network with better wireless service quality and new mobile applications. We highlight several promising future research directions for wireless communications in the mobile bigdata era.
description: This article is accepted and to appear in IEEE Communications Magazine