cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
More on Jacobi metric: Randers-Finsler metrics, frame dragging and geometrisation techniques
Creators: name: Chanda, Sumanto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, I demonstrate a new method to derive Jacobi metrics from Randers-Finsler metrics by introducing a more generalised approach to Hamiltonian mechanics for such spacetimes and discuss the related applications and properties. I introduce Hamiltonian mechanics with the constraint for relativistic momentum, including a modification for null curves and two applications as exercises: derivation of a relativistic harmonic oscillator, and analysis of Schwarzschild Randers-Finsler metric. Then I describe the main application for constraint mechanics in this article: a new derivation of Jacobi metric for time-like and null curves, comparing the latter with optical metrics. After that, I discuss frame dragging with the Jacobi metric, and two applications for Randers-Finsler metrics: an alternative to Eisenhart lift, and different metrics that share the same Jacobi metric.
description: 24 pages, any comments are welcome
An algebraic groups perspective on Erdős-Ko-Rado
Creators: name: Woodroofe, Russ
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05D05, 20G20, 14L30

description: We give a proof of the Erdős-Ko-Rado Theorem using the Borel Fixed Point Theorem from algebraic group theory. This perspective gives a strong analogy between the Erdős-Ko-Rado Theorem and (generalizations of) the Gerstenhaber Theorem on spaces of nilpotent matrices.
description: 10 pages; v2 has minor corrections for publication
Method to monitor the evolution of an epidemic in real time
Creators: name: Trujillo, Justin
name: Raicu, Valerica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emergence of an epidemic evokes the need to monitor its spread and assess and validate any mitigation measures enacted by governments and administrative bodies in real time. We present here a method to observe and quantify this spread and the response of affected populations and governing bodies and apply it to COVID-19 as a case study. This method provides means to simultaneously track in real time quantities such as the mortality and the recovery rates as well as the number of new infections caused by an infected person. With sufficient data, this method enables thorough monitoring and assessment of an epidemic without assumptions regarding the evolution of the pandemic in the future.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Long-range multi-scalar models at three loops
Creators: name: Benedetti, Dario
name: Gurau, Razvan
name: Harribey, Sabine
name: Suzuki, Kenta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the three-loop beta functions of long-range multi-scalar models with general quartic interactions. The long-range nature of the models is encoded in a kinetic term with a Laplacian to the power $0<ζ<1$, rendering the computation of Feynman diagrams much harder than in the usual short-range case ($ζ=1$). As a consequence, previous results stopped at two loops, while six-loop results are available for short-range models. We push the renormalization group analysis to three loops, in an $ε=4ζ-d$ expansion at fixed dimension $d<4$, extensively using the Mellin-Barnes representation of Feynman amplitudes in the Schwinger parametrization. We then specialize the beta functions to various models with different symmetry groups: $O(N)$, $(\mathbb{Z}_2)^N \rtimes S_N$, and $O(N)\times O(M)$. For such models, we compute the fixed points and critical exponents.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures v2: added few references and some comments, extended table 1, added a more detailed discussion of the mass term versus mass regularization p.5, computation of a critical $N$ in sec. 3.2, v3: corrected a typo and added a note about the correction of the computation of one Feynman graph in [arXiv:2411.00805]
Bulk Modulus along Jamming Transition Lines of Bidisperse Granular Packings
Creators: name: Petit, Juan C.
name: Kumar, Nishant
name: Luding, Stefan
name: Sperl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present 3D DEM simulations of bidisperse granular packings to investigate their jamming densities, $ϕ_J$, and dimensionless bulk moduli, $K$, as a function of the size ratio, $δ$, and the concentration of small particles, $X_{\mathrm S}$. We determine the partial and total bulk moduli for each packing and report the jamming transition diagram, i.e., the density or volume fraction marking both the first and second transitions of the system. At a large enough size difference, e.g., $δ\le 0.22$, $X^{*}_{\mathrm S}$ divides the diagram with most small particles either non-jammed or jammed jointly with large ones. We find that the bulk modulus $K$ jumps at $X^{*}_{\mathrm S}(δ= 0.15) \approx 0.21$, at the maximum jamming density, where both particle species mix most efficiently, while for $X_{\mathrm S} < X^{*}_{\mathrm S}$ $K$ is decoupled in two scenarios as a result of the first and second jamming transition. Along the second transition, $K$ rises relative to the values found at the first transition, however, is still small compared to $K$ at $X^{*}_{\mathrm S}$. While the first transition is sharp, the second is smooth, carried by small-large interactions, while the small-small contacts display a transition. This demonstrates that for low enough $δ$ and $X_{\mathrm S}$, the jamming of small particles indeed impacts the internal resistance of the system. Our new results will allow tuning the bulk modulus $K$ or other properties, such as the wave speed, by choosing specific sizes and concentrations based on a better understanding of whether small particles contribute to the jammed structure or not, and how the micromechanical structure behaves at either transition.
description: 15 pages, 18 figures
Three-loop helicity amplitudes for four-quark scattering in massless QCD
Creators: name: Caola, Fabrizio
name: Chakraborty, Amlan
name: Gambuti, Giulio
name: von Manteuffel, Andreas
name: Tancredi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the three-loop corrections to the helicity amplitudes for $q\bar{q}\to Q\bar{Q}$ scattering in massless QCD. In the Lorentz decomposition of the scattering amplitude we avoid evanescent Lorentz structures and map the corresponding form factors directly to the physical helicity amplitudes. We reduce the amplitudes to master integrals and express them in terms of harmonic polylogarithms. The renormalised amplitudes exhibit infrared divergences of dipole and quadrupole type, as predicted by previous work on the infrared structure of multileg scattering amplitudes. We derive the finite remainders and present explicit results for all relevant partonic channels, both for equal and different quark flavours.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables; electronic files with analytical results. v2: added references, fixed typos, fixed analytic continuation. v3: fixed error in ancillary files
title: زايد قائد شعب وزعيم أمة/ جاينتي مايترا
Creators: name: مايترا، جوينتي
Publisher: name: الأرشيف والمكتبة الوطنية
Year: 2022

تقدم هذه الورقة تقيمًا متعمقًا لجوهر عظمة الشيخ زايد، وصفاته النبيلة ومكارم أخلاقه العالية، وفكره الإبداعي، ومفهومه الفريد للقيادة التي ميزته كقائد أعلى يواصل إلهام أجيال من القادة وتحفيزها.
title: A Novel Approach to Inhibit Intergranular Corrosion in Ferritic Stainless Steel Welds Using High-Speed Laser Cladding
Creators: name: Sommer, Niklas
name: Grimm, Lukas
name: Wolf, Christian
name: Böhm, Stefan
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: localized corrosion
subject: intergranular corrosion
subject: laser cladding
subject: directed energy deposition
subject: laser metal deposition
subject: thin sheet
subject: sheet metal
subject: ferritic stainless steel
subject: 600
subject: Laserauftragsschweißen
subject: Laser
subject: Beschichtung
subject: Interkristalline Korrosion
subject: Nicht rostender Stahl

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
SARS-CoV-2 and self-medication in Cameroon : a mathematical model
Creators: name: Kong, Jude D.
name: Tchuendom, Rinel F.
name: Adeleye, Samuel A.
name: David, Jummy
name: Admasu, Fikreab Solomon
name: Bakare, Emmanuel A.
name: Siewe, Nourridine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021

description: Self-medication is an important initial response to illness in Africa. This mode of medication is often done with the help of African traditional medicines. Because of the misconception that African traditional medicines can cure/prevent all diseases, some Africans may opt for COVID-19 prevention and management by self-medicating. Thus to efficiently predict the dynamics of COVID-19 in Africa, the role of the self-medicated population needs to be taken into account. In this paper, we formulate and analyse a mathematical model for the dynamics of COVID-19 in Cameroon. The model is represented by a system of compartmental age-structured ODEs that takes into account the self-medicated population and subdivides the human population into two age classes relative to their current immune system strength. We use our model to propose policy measures that could be implemented in the course of an epidemic in order to better handle cases of self-medication.
Materialinventare und Materialkataster
Creators: name: Schiller, Georg
name: Lützkendorf, Thomas
name: Knappe, Florian
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2022
Subjects: Recycling

description: Um zu einer ressourcenschonenden Kreislaufwirtschaft zu gelangen, werden gute materielle Informationsgrundlagen über Bauwerke benötigt, die bislang nur unzureichend vorliegen und vor allem, nicht fortgeschrieben werden. Ziel des Vorhabens "Kartierung des anthropogenen Lagers IV - Erarbeitung eines Gebäudepass- und Gebäudekatasterkonzepts zur regionalisierten Erfassung des Materialhaushaltes mit dem Ziel der Optimierung des Recyclings" war es vor diesem Hintergrund, Instrumente zur Dokumentation von Materialflüssen und -beständen im Lebenszyklus von Bauwerken und zum dynamischen Materialhaushalt von Regionen praxisgerecht und harmonisiert weiterzuentwickeln. Die wichtigsten Ansatzpunkte, um die entwickelten Instrumente erfolgreich in der Breite zu etablieren, sind in einem kurzen Empfehlungspapier zusammengefasst. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
Causal versus local $GW$+EDMFT scheme and application to the triangular-lattice extended Hubbard model
Creators: name: Chen, Jiyu
name: Petocchi, Francesco
name: Werner, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the triangular-lattice extended Hubbard model as a test system, we compare $GW$+EDMFT results for the recently proposed self-consistency scheme with causal auxiliary fields to those obtained from the standard implementation which identifies the impurity Green's functions with the corresponding local lattice Green's functions. Both for short-ranged and long-ranged interactions we find similar results, but the causal scheme yields slightly stronger correlation effects at half-filling. We use the two implementations of $GW$+EDMFT to compute spectral functions and dynamically screened interactions in the parameter regime relevant for 1$T$-TaS$_2$. We address the question whether or not the sample used in a recent photoemission study [Phys. Rev. Lett. 120, 166401 (2018)] was half-filled or hole-doped.
Characteristics of tropospheric ozone depletion events in the Arctic spring: analysis of the ARCTAS, ARCPAC, and ARCIONS measurements and satellite BrO observations
Creators: name: Koo, J.-H.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Kurosu, T. P.
name: Chance, K.
name: Rozanov, A.
name: Richter, A.
name: Oltmans, S. J.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Hair, J. W.
name: Fenn, M. A.
name: Weinheimer, A. J.
name: Ryerson, T. B.
name: Solberg, S.
name: Huey, L. G.
name: Liao, J.
name: Dibb, J. E.
name: Neuman, J. A.
name: Nowak, J. B.
name: Pierce, R. B.
name: Natarajan, M.
name: Al-Saadi, J.
Publisher: name: EGU
Year: 2012

description: Arctic ozone depletion events (ODEs) are caused by halogen catalyzed ozone loss. In situ chemistry, advection of ozone-poor air mass, and vertical mixing in the lower troposphere are important factors affecting ODEs. To better characterize the ODEs, we analyze the combined set of surface, ozonesonde, and aircraft in situ measurements of ozone and bromine compounds during the Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites (ARCTAS), the Aerosol, Radiation, and Cloud Processes affecting Arctic Climate (ARCPAC), and the Arctic Intensive Ozonesonde Network Study (ARCIONS) experiments (April 2008). Tropospheric BrO columns retrieved from satellite measurements and back trajectory calculations are also used to investigate the characteristics of observed ODEs. In situ observations from these field experiments are inadequate to validate tropospheric BrO columns derived from satellite measurements. In view of this difficulty, we construct an ensemble of tropospheric column BrO estimates from two satellite (OMI and GOME-2) measurements and with three independent methods of calculating stratospheric BrO columns. Furthermore, we select analysis methods that do not depend on the absolute magnitude of column BrO, such as time-lagged correlation analysis of ozone and tropospheric column BrO, to understand characteristics of ODEs. Time-lagged correlation analysis between in situ (surface and ozonesonde) measurements of ozone and satellite derived tropospheric BrO columns indicates that the ODEs are due to either local halogen-driven ozone loss or short-range (∼1 day) transport from nearby regions with ozone depletion. The effect of in situ ozone loss is also evident in the diurnal variation difference between low (10th and 25th percentiles) and higher percentiles of surface ozone concentrations at Alert, Canada. Aircraft observations indicate low-ozone air mass transported from adjacent high-BrO regions. Correlation analyses of ozone with potential temperature and time-lagged tropospheric BrO column show that the vertical extent of local ozone loss is surprisingly deep (1–2 km) at Resolute and Churchill, Canada. The unstable boundary layer during ODEs at Churchill could potentially provide a source of free-tropospheric BrO through convective transport and explain the significant negative correlation between free-tropospheric ozone and tropospheric BrO column at this site.
title: Динамика составляющих социального самочувствия молодежи  и предикторы доверия
Creators: name: Ромашкина, Г. Ф.
name: Давыденко, В. А.
Publisher: name: Реноме
Year: 2019

description: Приводится анализ динамики составляющих социального самочувствия, институционального доверия молодежи Тюменской области по данным социокультурного мониторинга в 2006–2019 гг. Основными проблемами-опасностями выступают произвол чиновников, бедность и потеря работы. Показаны две противоположные тенденции — в более молодых когортах быстро повышается частота обращения к интернету и снижается доверие к институтам. Обобщенное доверие зависит от возраста, а по мере повышения частоты обращения к интернету практически не меняется. Этот вывод противоречит утвердившемуся в СМИ мнению, о негативном влиянии интернета на гражданское самосознание молодых людей.
Ключевые слова: социокультурный, мониторинг, социальное самочувствие, защищенность, доверие, институты, интернет-активность.
MAGORINO: Magnitude-only fat fraction and R2* estimation with Rician noise modelling
Creators: name: Bray, Timothy JP
name: Bainbridge, Alan
name: Hall-Craggs, Margaret A
name: Zhang, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Purpose: Magnitude-based fitting of chemical shift-encoded data enables proton density fat fraction (PDFF) and R2* estimation where complex-based methods fail or when phase data is inaccessible or unreliable. However, traditional magnitude-based fitting algorithms do not account for Rician noise, creating a source of bias. To address these issues, we propose an algorithm for Magnitude-Only PDFF and R2* estimation with Rician Noise modelling (MAGORINO). Methods: Simulations of multi-echo gradient echo signal intensities are used to investigate the performance and behavior of MAGORINO over the space of clinically-plausible PDFF, R2* and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. Fitting performance is assessed through detailed simulation, including likelihood function visualization, and in a multi-site, multi-vendor and multi-field-strength phantom dataset and in vivo. Results: Simulations show that Rician noise-based magnitude fitting outperforms existing Gaussian noise-based fitting and reveals two key mechanisms underpinning the observed improvement. Firstly, the likelihood functions exhibit two local optima; Rician noise modelling increases the chance the global optimum corresponds to the ground truth. Secondly, when the global optimum corresponds to ground truth for both noise models, the optimum from Rician noise modelling is closer to ground truth. Multisite phantom experiments show good agreement of MAGORINO PDFF with reference values, and in vivo experiments replicate the performance benefits observed in simulation. Conclusion: MAGORINO reduces Rician noise-related bias in PDFF and R2* estimation, thus addressing a key limitation of existing magnitude-only fitting methods. Our results offer an insight into the importance of the noise model for selecting the correct optimum when multiple plausible optima exist.
Look Angle Correction for SMAP L-Band Radiometer Using Geolocation Measurements
Creators: name: Le Vine, David M.
name: Dinnat, Emmanuel P.
name: De Matthaeis, Paolo
name: Peng, Jinzheng
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Antenna measurements
subject: Antennas
subject: Azimuth
subject: Coastlines
subject: Geolocation
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Microwave Radiometer
subject: Remote Sensing
subject: Temperature measurement
subject: Vectors

description: Geolocation of the radiometer footprint in scanning instruments such as SMAP has been successfully demonstrated using the change in antenna temperature as the radiometer scans across land/water boundaries (coastlines). This measurement provides the distance of the footprint from the nominal coastline, but it does not provide information about the error in look angle and azimuth of the antenna boresight vector needed to correct for the geolocation error. A method for doing this is reported using fore and aft crossings of the boundary. The approach is demonstrated using the SMAP radiometer simulator and then applied to SMAP data over the west coast of Madagascar. The error estimates of 0.3 degrees for look angle and 0.15 degrees for azimuth are consistent with independent estimates.
Impact of electric and clean-fuel vehicles on future PM2.5 and ozone pollution over Delhi
Creators: name: Mogno, Caterina
name: Wallington, Timothy J.
name: Palmer, Paul
name: Hakkim, Haseeb
name: Sinha, Baerbel
name: Sinha, Vinayak
name: Steiner, Allison
name: Sharma, Sumit
Publisher: name: IOP
Year: 2024

description: We investigate the impact of adoption of electric vehicles and cleaner fuels on future surface levels of PM2.5 and ozone over Delhi for two contrasting seasons, pre-monsoon and post-monsoon. We run the WRF-Chem atmospheric transport model at high resolution (4 km) with two transport emission scenarios for year 2030: 1) a scenario with electrification of two- and three-wheelers and light commercial vehicles, and 2) a scenario which also includes conversion of diesel vehicles to compressed natural gas (CNG). Compared to the baseline values in 2019, the scenario with both electrification and conversion of diesel vehicles to CNG has a greater reduction in PM2.5 concentrations (up to 5%) than the electrification of two- and three-wheelers and light commercial vehicles alone (within 1%), mainly due to the the greater reduction in primary emissions of PM2.5 and black carbon from diesel conversion to CNG. Vehicles electrification could result in an increase in the daily maximum 8-hours ozone concentrations, which are partially offset by additionally converting to CNG - by -1.9% and +2.4% during pre-monsoon and post-monsoon seasons. This reflects higher NOx emissions from the CNG vehicle scenario compared to electrification-alone scenario, which limits the increase of surface ozone in the VOC-limited chemical environment over Delhi.Our findings highlight the importance of a coordinated strategy for PM2.5 and ozone when considering traffic emission controls, and highlight that the transition to electric vehicles should be accompanied by the conversion of diesel vehicles to CNG to limit surface ozone increase and achieve greater reduction in PM2.5 concentrations over Delhi. However, the small changes in PM2.5 and in ozone compared to the baseline scenario highlight the importance of joint emissions reduction from other sectors to achieve substantial progress in PM2.5 and ozone air quality in Delhi.
Spectral Problems for Quasinormal Modes of Black Holes
Creators: name: Hatsuda, Yasuyuki
name: Kimura, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is an unconventional review article on spectral problems in black hole perturbation theory. Our purpose is to explain how to apply various known techniques in quantum mechanics to such spectral problems. The article includes analytical/numerical treatments, semiclassical perturbation theory, the (uniform) WKB method and useful mathematical tools: Borel summations, Padé approximants, etc. The article is not comprehensive, but rather looks into a few examples from various points of view. The techniques in this article are widely applicable to many other examples.
description: This is a contribution to the special issue "Black Hole Physics and Beyond: From the Ringdown Analysis with Gravitational Waves" (Editors: Hiroyuki Nakano and Nami Uchikata) in Universe. V2: Published version. V3: Minor revision
Technical Note: Ozonesonde climatology between 1995 and 2011: description, evaluation and applications
Creators: name: Tilmes, S.
name: Lamarque, J.-F.
name: Emmons, L. K.
name: Conley, A.
name: Schultz, M. G.
name: Saunois, M.
name: Thouret, V.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Oltmans, S. J.
name: Johnson, B.
name: Tarasick, D.
Publisher: name: EGU
Year: 2012

description: An ozone climatology based on ozonesonde measurements taken over the last 17 yr has been constructed for model evaluation and comparisons to other observations. Vertical ozone profiles for 42 stations around the globe have been compiled for the period 1995–2011, in pressure and tropopause-referenced altitudes. For each profile, the mean, standard deviation, median, the half-width are provided, as well as information about interannual variability. Regional aggregates are formed in combining stations with similar ozone characteristics. The Hellinger distance is introduced as a new diagnostic to identify stations that describe similar shapes of ozone probability distribution functions (PDFs). In this way, 12 regions were selected covering at least 2 stations and the variability among those stations is discussed. Significant variability with longitude of ozone distributions in the troposphere and lower stratosphere in the northern mid- and high latitudes is found. The representativeness of regional aggregates is discussed for high northern latitudes, Western Europe, Eastern US, and Japan, using independent observations from surface stations and MOZAIC aircraft data. Good agreement exists between ozonesondes and aircraft observations in the mid-troposphere and between ozonesondes and surface observations for Western Europe. For Eastern US and high northern latitudes, surface ozone values from ozonesondes are biased 10 ppb high compared to independent measurements. An application of the climatology is presented using the NCAR CAM-Chem model. The climatology allows evaluation of the model performance regarding ozone averages, seasonality, interannual variability, and the shape of ozone distributions. The new assessment of the key features of ozone distributions gives deeper insights into the performance of models.
Convective and wave signatures in ozone profiles over the equatorial Americas: Views from TC4 2007 and SHADOZ
Creators: name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: MacFarlane, Alaina M.
name: Morris, Gary A.
name: Yorks, John E.
name: Miller, Sonya K.
name: Taubman, Brett F.
name: Verver, Gé
name: Vömel, Holger
name: Avery, Melody A.
name: Hair, Johnathan W.
name: Diskin, Glenn S.
name: Browell, Edward V.
name: Canossa, Jéssica Valverde
name: Kucsera, Tom L.
name: Klich, Christopher A.
name: Hlavka, Dennis L.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2010
Subjects: ozonesondes
tropical tropopause layer
upper troposphere/lower stratosphere

description: During the TC4 (Tropical Composition, Clouds, and Climate Coupling) campaign in July–August 2007, daily ozonesondes were launched over coastal Las Tablas, Panamá (7.8°N, 80°W) and several times per week at Alajuela, Costa Rica (10°N, 84°W). Wave activity, detected most prominently in 100–300 m thick ozone laminae in the tropical tropopause layer, occurred in 50% (Las Tablas) and 40% (Alajuela) of the soundings. These layers, associated with vertical displacements and classified as gravity waves (GW, possibly Kelvin waves) by laminar identification, occur with similar structure and frequency over the Paramaribo (5.8°N, 55°W) and San Cristóbal (0.92°S, 90°W) Southern Hemisphere Additional Ozonesondes (SHADOZ) sites. GW-labeled laminae in individual soundings correspond to cloud outflow as indicated by DC-8 tracers and other aircraft data, confirming convective initiation of equatorial waves. Layers representing quasi-horizontal displacements, referred to as Rossby waves by the laminar technique, are robust features in soundings from 23 July to 5 August. The features associated with Rossby waves correspond to extratropical influence, possibly stratospheric, and sometimes to pollution transport. Comparison of Las Tablas and Alajuela ozone budgets with 1999–2007 Paramaribo and San Cristóbal soundings shows that TC4 is typical of climatology for the equatorial Americas. Overall during TC4, convection and associated waves appear to dominate ozone transport in the tropical tropopause layer; intrusions from the extratropics occur throughout the free troposphere.
Using ActionADE to create information continuity to reduce re-exposures to harmful medications: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Hau, Jeffrey P.
name: Brasher, Penelope M.
name: Cragg, Amber
name: Small, Serena
name: Wickham, Maeve E.
name: Hohl, Corinne M.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Background: Repeat exposures to culprit medications are a common cause of preventable adverse drug events. Health information technologies have the potential to reduce repeat adverse drug events by improving information continuity. However, they rarely interoperate to ensure providers can view adverse drug events documented in other systems. We designed ActionADE to enable rapid documentation of adverse drug events and communication of standardized information across health sectors by integrating with legacy systems. We will leverage ActionADE’s implementation to conduct two parallel, randomized trials: patients with adverse drug reactions in the main trial and those diagnosed with non-adherence in a secondary trial. Primary objective of the main trial is to evaluate the effects of providing information continuity about adverse drug reactions on culprit medication re-dispensations over 12 months. Primary objective of the secondary trial is to evaluate the effect of providing information continuity on adherence over 12 months. Methods: We will conduct two parallel group, triple-blind randomized controlled trials in participating hospitals in British Columbia, Canada. We will enroll adults presenting to hospital with an adverse drug event to prescribed outpatient medication. Clinicians will document the adverse drug event in ActionADE. The software will use an algorithm to determine patient eligibility and allocate eligible patients to experimental or control. In the experimental arm, ActionADE will transmit information to PharmaNet, where adverse drug event information will be displayed in community pharmacies when re-dispensations are attempted. In the control arm, ActionADE will retain information in the local record. We will enroll 3600 adults with an adverse drug reaction into the main trial. The main trial’s primary outcome is re-dispensation of a culprit or same-class medication within 12 months; the secondary trial’s primary outcome will be adherence to culprit medication. Secondary outcomes include health services utilization and mortality. Discussion: These studies have the potential to guide policy decisions and investments needed to drive health information technology integrations to prevent repeat adverse drug events. We present an example of how a health information technology implementation can be leveraged to conduct pragmatic randomized controlled trials. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04568668 , NCT04574648 . Registered on 1 October 2020.
Security Strategies and Blockchain Functionalities for Genomics Analytics in Bioinformatics
Creators: name: Mohammed Yakubu, Abukari
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80303 Computer System Security
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Computer Science and Information Technology, School of Engineering and Mathematical Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Victoria, Australia.
Typologies and the entrepreneurial personality
Creators: name: Langan-Fox, Janice
name: Roth, Susanna
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Is there an 'entrepreneurial personality'? How useful are typologies for understanding the dynamics of the entrepreneurial personality? This paper examines the entrepreneurial personality. Using data from 60 Victorian entrepreneurs, a three-way classification of entrepreneur types was identified: the high achievers, the managerialists and the pragmatists. The pragmatists displayed a fusion of need for achievement, self attributed need for power and influence, and was the psychological profile found to be most successful in business. The 'usefullness' of the type approach is discussed. looking to the future, the paper identifies some promising research directions.
Mirror-Yolo: A Novel Attention Focus, Instance Segmentation and Mirror Detection Model
Creators: name: Li, Fengze
name: Ma, Jieming
name: Tian, Zhongbei
name: Ge, Ji
name: Liang, Hai-Ning
name: Zhang, Yungang
name: Wen, Tianxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Mirrors can degrade the performance of computer vision models, but research into detecting them is in the preliminary phase. YOLOv4 achieves phenomenal results in terms of object detection accuracy and speed, but it still fails in detecting mirrors. Thus, we propose Mirror-YOLO, which targets mirror detection, containing a novel attention focus mechanism for features acquisition, a hypercolumn-stairstep approach to better fusion the feature maps, and the mirror bounding polygons for instance segmentation. Compared to the existing mirror detection networks and YOLO series, our proposed network achieves superior performance in average accuracy on our proposed mirror dataset and another state-of-art mirror dataset, which demonstrates the validity and effectiveness of Mirror-YOLO.
High-resolution tropospheric ozone fields for INTEX and ARCTAS from IONS ozonesondes
Creators: name: Tarasick, D. W.
name: Jin, J. J.
name: Fioletov, V. E.
name: Liu, G.
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Oltmans, S. J.
name: Liu, J.
name: Sioris, C. E.
name: Liu, X.
name: Cooper, O. R.
name: Dann, T.
name: Thouret, V.
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2010
Subjects: ozone
troposphere
IONS

description: The IONS-04, IONS-06, and ARC-IONS ozone sounding campaigns over North America in 2004, 2006, and 2008 obtained approximately 1400 profiles, in five series of coordinated and closely spaced (typically daily) launches. Although this coverage is unprecedented, it is still somewhat sparse in its geographical spacing. Here we use forward and back trajectory calculations for each sounding to map ozone measurements to a number of other locations and so to fill in the spatial domain. This is possible because the lifetime of ozone in the troposphere is of the order of weeks. The trajectory-mapped ozone values show reasonable agreement, where they overlap, to the actual soundings, and the patterns produced separately by forward and backward trajectory calculations are similar. Comparisons with MOZAIC profiles and surface station data show generally good agreement. A variable-length smoothing algorithm is used to fill data gaps: for each point on the map, the smoothing radius is such that a minimum of 10 data points are included in the average. The total tropospheric ozone column maps calculated by integrating the smoothed fields agree well with similar maps derived from TOMS and OMI/MLS measurements. The resulting three-dimensional picture of the tropospheric ozone field for the INTEX and ARCTAS periods facilitates visualization and comparison of different years and seasons and will be useful to other researchers.
title: Интеграция в научно-образовательном пространстве университета как участника инновационного развития региона
title: Integration in the Scientific and Educational Environment of the University Being a Participant of the Innovative Development of the Region
Creators: name: Косенок, Сергей Михайлович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: Актуальность статьи заключается в необходимости совершенствования культуры взаимодействия в инновационной сфере между институтами: власть, наука, образование, бизнес, общество в аспекте регионализации высшего образования. Описано, как в пространстве университета одновременно могут развиваться различные коллаборативные модели, оказывающие влияние на формирование современной научно-образовательной архитектуры университета и укрепляющие его позиции в социально-экономической жизни региона. На примере опыта Сургутского государственного университета проанализирована его роль в интеграционных формах сотрудничества, позволяющих укреплять его функцию региональной площадки, регионального центра в различных направлениях деятельности. Представленный в статье материал служит для конкретизации понятий, составляющих научный контент в области организационных структур и форм кооперации в сфере образования. Новизна статьи определяется описанием формирования в Ханты-Мансийском автономном округе – Югре региональной интеллектуальной экосистемы. Статья предназначена для руководителей образовательных учреждений, руководителей региональных органов власти, преподавателей, а также всех, кто занимается вопросами инновационной архитектуры университетов и их трансформации в точки роста регионов.
description: The relevance of the article lies in the need of improvement of the culture of innovation sector interaction among such institutions as government, science, education, business and society in the context of regionalization of higher education. The article describes how various collaborative models can develop simultaneously at the university, influencing formation of the modern scientific and educational architecture of the university and strengthening its position in the social and economic life of the region. Using the example of Surgut State University, its role in the integration forms of cooperation allowing to strengthen its function as a regional platform and a regional center in different areas of activity was analyzed. The material presented in the article was used for clarification of concepts that constitute the scientific content in the field of organizational structures and forms of cooperation in education. The novelty of the article is determined by description of formation of the regional intellectual ecosystem in the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Yugra. The article is intended for directors of educational institutions, heads of regional authorities, teachers and those involved in solving issues of the innovative architecture of universities, their transformation into growing points of regions.
Cross-correlating dark sirens and galaxies: constraints on $H_0$ from GWTC-3 of LIGO-Virgo-KAGRA
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Suvodip
name: Krolewski, Alex
name: Wandelt, Benjamin D.
name: Silk, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the cross-correlation technique to infer the Hubble constant ($H_0$) of the Universe using gravitational wave (GW) sources without electromagnetic counterparts (dark sirens) from the third GW Transient Catalog (GWTC-3) and the photometric galaxy surveys 2MPZ and WISE-SuperCOSMOS, and combine these with the bright siren measurement of $H_0$ from GW170817. The posterior on $H_0$ with only dark sirens is uninformative due to the small number of well-localised GW sources. Using the eight well-localized dark sirens and the binary neutron star GW170817 with EM counterpart, we obtain a value of the Hubble constant $H_0= 75.4_{-6}^{+11}$ km/s/Mpc (median and 68.3$\%$ equal-tailed interval (ETI)) after marginalizing over the matter density and the GW bias parameters. This measurement is mostly driven by the bright siren measurement and any constraint from dark sirens is not statistically significant. In the future, with more well-localized GW events, the constraints on expansion history will improve.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures. Published in The Astrophysical Journal
Clinical reassessments and whole-exome sequencing uncover novel BEST1 mutation associated with bestrophinopathy phenotype
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Susmita
name: Duvesh, Roopam
name: Kumaran, Manojkumar
name: Anjanamurthy, Rupa
name: Kumar, Jayant
name: Vanniarajan, Ayyasamy
name: Devarajan, Bharanidharan
name: Sundaresan, Periasamy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: The diagnosis of retinal dystrophies can be challenging due to the spectrum of protean phenotypic manifestations. This study employed trio-whole-exome sequencing (trio-WES) to unveil the genetic cause of an inherited retinal disorder in a south Indian family. Proband’s initial ophthalmic examinations was performed in the year 2016. WES was performed on a proband-parent trio to identify causative mutation followed by Sanger validation, segregation analysis, sequence and structure-based computational analysis to assess its pathogenicity. Based on the genetic findings, detailed clinical reassessments were performed in year 2020 for the proband and available family members. WES revealed a novel homozygous BEST1 mutation c.G310A (p.D104N) in the proband and heterozygous for the parents, indicating autosomal recessive inheritance. Segregation analysis showed heterozygous mutation in maternal grandfather and normal genotype for younger brother and maternal grandmother. Moreover, the structure-based analysis revealed the mutation p.D104N in the cytoplasmic domain, causing structural hindrance by altering hydrogen bonds and destabilizing the BEST1 protein structure. Proband’s clinical assessments were consistent with autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy (ARB) phenotype. Additionally, characteristic absent light rise and decreased light peak-to-dark trough ratio (LP:DT) was observed bilaterally in EOG. Our study demonstrates the utility of WES and clinical re-evaluations in establishing the precise diagnosis of autosomal recessive bestrophinopathy associated with a novel mutation, thus expanding the BEST1-related mutation spectrum.
Towards Flexible Anonymous Networks
Creators: name: Rochet, Florentin
name: Dejaeghere, Jules
name: Elahi, Tariq
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Anonymous Communication designs such as Tor build their security on distributed trust over many volunteers running relays in diverse global locations. In practice, this distribution leads to a heterogeneous network in which many versions of the Tor software co-exist, each with differing sets of protocol features. Because of this heterogeneity, Tor developers employ forward-compatible protocol design as a strategy to maintain network extensibility. This strategy aims to guarantee that different versions of the Tor software interact without unrecoverable errors. In this work, we cast protocol tolerance that is enabled by forward-compatible protocol considerations as a fundamental security issue. We argue that, while being beneficial for the developers, protocol tolerance has resulted in a number of strong attacks against Tor in the past fifteen years.
 To address this issue, we propose Flexible Anonymous Network (FAN), a new software architecture for volunteer-based distributed networks that shifts the dependence away from protocol tolerance without losing the ability for developers to ensure the continuous evolution of their software. We i) instantiate an implementation, ii) evaluate its overheads and, iii) experiment with several of FAN's benefits to defend against a severe attack still applicable to Tor today.
description: 16 pages, including bibliography and appendices. To be published in Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Privacy in the Electronic Society (WPES '24), October 14-18, 2024, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. Revised after editor's comment to have the acknowledgements fit on page 12
Convective distribution of tropospheric ozone and tracers in the Central American ITCZ region: Evidence from observations during TC4
Creators: name: Avery, Melody
name: Twohy, Cynthia
name: McCabe, David
name: Joiner, Joanna
name: Severance, Kurt
name: Atlas, Eliot
name: Blake, Donald
name: Bui, T. P.
name: Crounse, John
name: Dibb, Jack
name: Diskin, Glenn
name: Lawson, Paul
name: McGill, Matthew
name: Rogers, David
name: Sachse, Glen
name: Scheuer, Eric
name: Thompson, Anne M.
name: Trepte, Charles
name: Wennberg, Paul
name: Ziemke, Jerald
Publisher: name: AGU
Year: 2010
Subjects: chemical tracers
convection
vertical transport

description: During the Tropical Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling (TC4) experiment that occurred in July and August of 2007, extensive sampling of active convection in the ITCZ region near Central America was performed from multiple aircraft and satellite sensors. As part of a sampling strategy designed to study cloud processes, the NASA ER-2, WB-57 and DC-8 flew in stacked “racetrack patterns” in convective cells. On July 24, 2007, the ER-2 and DC-8 probed an actively developing storm and the DC-8 was hit by lightning. Case studies of this flight, and of convective outflow on August 5, 2007 reveal a significant anti-correlation between ozone and condensed cloud water content. With little variability in the boundary layer and a vertical gradient, low ozone in the upper troposphere indicates convective transport. Because of the large spatial and temporal variability in surface CO and other pollutants in this region, low ozone is a better convective indicator. Lower tropospheric tracers methyl hydrogen peroxide, total organic bromine and calcium substantiate the ozone results. OMI measurements of mean upper tropospheric ozone near convection show lower ozone in convective outflow. A mass balance estimation of the amount of convective turnover below the tropical tropopause transition layer (TTL) is 50%, with an altitude of maximum convective outflow located between 10 and 11 km, 4 km below the cirrus anvil tops. It appears that convective lofting in this region of the ITCZ is either a two-stage or a rapid mixing process, because undiluted boundary layer air is never sampled in the convective outflow.
title: The Thai-Lao Mother Tongue: Teacher Needs, Competencies, and Conditions for Effective Instruction
Creators: name: Winfield, Lukas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: mother tongue based education
subject: Thailand
subject: Thai-Lao
subject: needs assessment
subject: language maintenance
subject: teacher effectiveness
subject: Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education
subject: Education

description: This study examines the needs, competencies and conditions for teachers to effectively teach the Thai-Lao mother tongue. The Isan Culture Maintenance and Revitalization Program in Conjunction with Khon Kaen, Chum Phae, Muang Phon municipality government, recently introduced the Thai Lao mother tongue into 15 schools as an elective subject. This marks the first time the government has incorporated the Thai-Lao language into formal schooling. An orthography of the language was only recently developed so teachers lack preservice training in teaching the language and familiarity with reading and writing Thai-Lao. In the three school districts participating in the project, I conducted observations of three Thai-Lao classes, and 13 interviews and 36 surveys of Thai-Lao teachers. Using this data the study identifies six key areas that governments and educational projects should address: Thai-Lao teachers' levels of content knowledge; attitudes towards Thai-Lao; knowledge of relevant pedagogy; access to learning and teaching materials; and supportive school administration and government policy. The study found all teachers valued the teaching of Thai-Lao in some form. However, in order to effectively teach Thai-Lao teachers need access to additional learning materials and continued access to in-service training, specifically to develop their Thai-Lao literacy skills. I conclude with recommendations for policy makers, practice, and further research that can improve the capacity of the government to support Thai-Lao mother tongue teachers.