cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complete sequential assignment and secondary structure prediction of the cannulae forming protein CanA from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Pyrodictium abyssi
Creators: name: Kalbitzer, Hans Robert
name: Kreitner, Raphael
name: Munte, Claudia E.
name: Singer, Katrin
name: Stetter, Karl Otto
name: Horn, Gudrun
name: Kremer, Werner
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pyrodictium abyssi · CanA · Cannulae · Extremophile · Solution NMR · Assignments
subject: 530 Physik
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: CanA from Pyrodictium abyssi forms a heat-resistant organic hollow-fiber network together with CanB and CanC. An N-terminally truncated construct of CanA (K1-CanA) gave NMR spectra of good quality that could be assigned by threedimensional NMR methods on 15N and 13C–15N enriched protein. We assigned the chemical shifts of 96% of all backbone 1HN atoms, 98% of all backbone 15N atoms, 100% of all 13Cα atoms, 100% of all 1Hα atoms, 90% of all 13C′ atoms, and 100% of the 13Cβ atoms. Two short helices and 10 β-strands are estimated from an analysis of the chemical shifts leading to a secondary structure content of K1-CanA of 6% helices, 44% β-pleated sheets, and 50% coils.
Parameters of the 60 combinations to confirm the optimal combinations of μ, ξ, and the erosion parameters for erosion areas 1 and 2
Creators: name: Yang, dongdong
name: Qiu, haijun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The Table S1 includes all the parameters of the 60 combinations to confirm the optimal combinations of μ, ξ, and the erosion parameters for erosion areas 1 and 2.
Geometry of maximum likelihood estimation in Gaussian graphical models
Creators: name: Uhler, Caroline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study maximum likelihood estimation in Gaussian graphical models from a geometric point of view. An algebraic elimination criterion allows us to find exact lower bounds on the number of observations needed to ensure that the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) exists with probability one. This is applied to bipartite graphs, grids and colored graphs. We also study the ML degree, and we present the first instance of a graph for which the MLE exists with probability one, even when the number of observations equals the treewidth.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOS957 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Clinical characteristics and predictors of reduced survival for adult-diagnosed cystic fibrosis patients – a population based study
Creators: name: Desai, Sameer
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Approximately 5-10% of cystic fibrosis (CF) diagnoses are made during adulthood. These patients are a minority, and there is a paucity of literature describing their characteristics and prognosis. The objectives of this study are to describe the clinical characteristics, estimate survival, and identify clinical predictors of reduced survival at the time of diagnosis in adult-diagnosed CF patients. Methods: There were 362 newly diagnosed adult CF (≥18 years) patients from 1990 to 2014 in the Canadian CF Patient Registry. Clinical characteristics were described, the Kaplan-Meier method was employed for 10- and 15-year lung transplant-free survival estimates and multivariable Cox regression analysis was conducted to identify significant predictors of reduced survival at baseline. Adjusted survival curves were used to illustrate the impact of the significant predictors on lung transplant-free survival. Results: The median follow-up time observed was 7.7 years (range: 0.0-23.6) and included 33 deaths and 15 transplants for a total of 48 events in 3,106 patient years (15.5 events per 1,000 PYs). The median age at diagnosis was 34.3 years (range: 18.0-73.8), with the majority presenting with pulmonary and/or gastrointestinal symptoms (70%) and a nearly equal distribution of males and females. During the study period, 15% were diagnosed with CF-related diabetes (CFRD), 35% with pancreatic insufficiency and 50% were culture positive for P. aeruginosa. The most common genotype identified was ∆F508 heterozygous (38%). Lung transplant-free survival was 88% at 10 years and 86% by 15 years. Age at diagnosis (HR: 1.32 per 5-year increase, 95% CI: 1.13-1.54), CFRD (HR: 7.86, 95% CI: 2.09-29.55) and lower lung function (HR: 0.76 per 5% increase, 95% CI: 0.69-0.83) at baseline were significant predictors of reduced survival. In terms of clinical utility, low lung function (FEV1 % predicted < 60%) and CFRD were predictors that impacted lung transplant-free survival substantially. Conclusions: Adult-diagnosed CF patients have a milder phenotype of disease and a better prognosis than previously reported. Older age at diagnosis, lower lung function, and CFRD were important predictors of reduced survival. Adult CF clinicians and other CF caregivers can use this information to educate patients about their prognosis and to guide treatment.
Nonequilibrium Keldysh Formalism for Interacting Leads -- Application to Quantum Dot Transport Driven by Spin Bias
Creators: name: Li, Yuan
name: Jalil, Mansoor B. A.
name: Tan, Seng Ghee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conductance through a mesoscopic system of interacting electrons coupled to two adjacent leads is conventionally derived via the Keldysh nonequilibrium Green's function technique, in the limit of noninteracting leads [see Y. Meir \emph{et al.}, Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{68}, 2512 (1991)]. We extend the standard formalism to cater for a quantum dot system with Coulombic interactions between the quantum dot and the leads. The general current expression is obtained by considering the equation of motion of the time-ordered Green's function of the system. The nonequilibrium effects of the interacting leads are then incorporated by determining the contour-ordered Green's function over the Keldysh loop and applying Langreth's theorem. The dot-lead interactions significantly increase the height of the Kondo peaks in density of states of the quantum dot. This translates into two Kondo peaks in the spin differential conductance when the magnitude of the spin bias equals that of the Zeeman splitting. There also exists a plateau in the charge differential conductance due to the combined effect of spin bias and the Zeeman splitting. The low-bias conductance plateau with sharp edges is also a characteristic of the Kondo effect. The conductance plateau disappears for the case of asymmetric dot-lead interaction.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Annals of Physics
Vegetation history of the Maharlou Lake basin (SW Iran) with special reference to the Achaemenid period (550–330 bc)
Creators: name: Saeidi Ghavi Andam, Sara
name: Djamali, Morteza
name: Nelle, Oliver
name: Naderi Beni, Abdolmajid
name: Haghighifard, Mohamad
name: Brisset, Elodie
name: Poschlod, Peter
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Persian Empire · Human impact · Arboricultural activities · Punica granatum · Platanus · Cupressus
subject: 560 Paläontologie
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: This study presents the results of a palynological investigation on a sediment core from the seasonal and saline Lake Maharlou in the Zagros Mountains in southwest Iran. We emphasised studying the role of man in modifying the vegetation of the area and the dominant agricultural practices during the Imperial Persia period (2,500–1,299 cal bp; 550 bc-ad 651), particularly the Achaemenid Empire (2,500–2,280 cal bp; 550–330 bc). Scattered pistachio almond scrub combined with Quercus brantii was the main vegetation type of the basin during the period studied. The present study depicts a significant increase in agriculture, suggesting urban development during the Late Antiquity and early Islamic Iranian dynasties. The inferred chronology of arboricultural activities is compatible with historical evidence showing that Fars Province witnessed economic and agricultural flourishing during these periods. The presence of the ‘Persian gardens’ is supported by the co increase of cypress tree pollen frequencies with pollen of other cultivated trees, especially Platanus; both trees were cultivated for their shade and symbolic values. This study also provides pollen evidence of Punica granatum during the Achaemenid period and Phoenix dactylifera cultivation during the early post-Sasanian era. The variations in indicator pollen ratios among Poaceae, Artemisia, and Amaranthaceae appear compatible with the palaeohydrology of the basin and show periods of aridity followed by higher moisture availability. We suggest that anthropogenic activities played the leading role in vegetation change in the Maharlou Lake basin enhanced by climatic changes during the last ~4,000 years.
Surrounding landscape structures, rather than habitat age, drive genetic variation of typical calcareous grassland plant species
Creators: name: Lehmair, Theresa Anna
name: Pagel, Ellen
name: Poschlod, Peter
name: Reisch, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AFLP, Calcareous grassland, Genetic variation, Landscape genetics, Asperula cynanchica, Campanula rotundifolia, Linum catharticum
subject: 570 Biowissenschaften, Biologie
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Context Land use change reduced calcareous grasslands throughout Europe during the last decades. Subsequent fragmentation and habitat deterioration led, moreover, to a massive biodiversity decline. To counteract this alarming development, a clear understanding of genetic variation patterns, as fundamental level of biodiversity, becomes inevitable. Objectives The aim of our study was to identify the drivers of genetic variation in common calcareous grassland plant species. More specifically, we tested whether genetic diversity or differentiation of Asperula cynanchica, Campanula rotundifolia, and Linum catharticum depend on habitat age, landscape structure, habitat quality, and/or population size. Methods We investigated 912 individuals, 304 per study species, from 19 calcareous grasslands across the Swabian Alb in Baden-Württemberg (Germany) using AFLP analyses. Results We observed no significant influence of habitat age on genetic diversity and differentiation. Habitat quality also had no impact on genetic diversity and population size only showed weak effects. However, genetic diversity strongly depended on landscape structure represented by distance to the nearest settlement, total area of surrounding calcareous grasslands, and their connectivity. Conclusions Migratory sheep herding is considered as main land use in calcareous grasslands on the Swabian Alb and thus, landscape structures in the study region may describe movement patterns of grazing livestock. In this study, genetic variation in calcareous grassland populations was strongly affected by surrounding landscape structures and subsequent grazing patterns. Therefore, we assume that moderate grazing intensities over the long term may increase levels of genetic diversity, whereas periods of overgrazing or abandonment could lower genetic diversity.
Makulopathie bei Sichelzellerkrankung
Creators: name: Bachmeier, Isabel
name: Blecha, Christiane
name: Föll, Jürgen
name: Wolff, Daniel
name: Jägle, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sichelzellmakulopathie · Makulaverdünnung · Retinopathie · Optikopathie · OCTAngiographie
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Hintergrund Die Sichelzellerkrankung (SZE) ist eine hereditäre Hämoglobinopathie, die durch rezidivierende vasookklusive Episoden zur Mikrozirkulationsstörung verschiedener Organsysteme mit teils letalem Ausgang führt. Bei der okulären Manifestation der SZE ist am bekanntesten die periphere Sichelzellretinopathie (SZR). Unabhängig davon kann es bereits früh im Krankheitsverlauf zur Sichelzellmakulopathie (SZM) kommen. Methoden Review der internationalen und deutschsprachigen Literatur zur okulären Beteiligung bei SZE mit Fokus auf die SZR und SZM sowie Überblick über aktuelle systemische Therapieansätze bei SZE anlässlich der Vorstellung zweier Patienten mit HbSS-SZE. Ergebnis und Schlussfolgerung Im Gegensatz zur SZR ist die SZM mit temporaler Verdünnung der inneren Netzhautschichten erst in den letzten 5 Jahren mit der Einführung von SD-OCT und OCTA vermehrt in die Literatur eingegangen. Unabhängig vom Vorliegen einer SZR kann es immerhin bei etwa der Hälfte der Patienten bereits früh im Krankheitsverlauf zu einer SZM kommen. Das Krankheitsbild wird auch in Deutschland durch den Fortschritt der systemischen Therapiemöglichkeiten und aufgrund von Migration präsenter werden. Durch Wissen um diese Komplikation der SZE kann eine frühzeitige Diagnosestellung erfolgen und unnötige Diagnostik vermieden werden.
Overall complication rates of DIEP flap breast reconstructions in Germany – a multi-center analysis based on the DGPRÄC prospective national online registry for microsurgical breast reconstructions
Creators: name: Heidekrueger, Paul I.
name: Moellhoff, Nicholas
name: Horch, Raymund E.
name: Lohmeyer, Jörn A.
name: Marx, Mario
name: Heitmann, Christoph
name: Fansa, Hisham
name: Geenen, Matthias
name: Gabka, Christian J.
name: Handstein, Steffen
name: Prantl, Lukas
name: von Fritschen, Uwe
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: breast reconstruction; deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap; breast cancer; microsurgery; plastic surgery; reconstructive surgery
subject: 610 Medizin

description: While autologous breast reconstruction has gained momentum over recent years, there is limited data on the structure and quality of care of microsurgical breast reconstruction in Germany. Using the breast reconstruction database established by the German Society of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgeons (DGPRÄC), the presented study investigated the overall outcomes of deep inferior epigastric perforator (DIEP) flap reconstructions in Germany. Data of 3926 patients and 4577 DIEP flaps performed by 22 centers were included in this study. Demographics, patient characteristics, perioperative details and postoperative outcomes were accounted for. Centers performing < Ø 40 (low-volume (LV)) vs. ≥ Ø 40 (high-volume (HV)) annual DIEP flaps were analyzed separately. Overall, total and partial flap loss rates were as low as 2.0% and 1.1% respectively, and emergent vascular revision surgery was performed in 4.3% of cases. Revision surgery due to wound complications was conducted in 8.3% of all cases. Mean operative time and length of hospital stay was significantly shorter in the HV group (LV: 385.82 min vs. HV: 287.14 min; LV: 9.04 (18.87) days vs. HV: 8.21 (5.04) days; both p < 0.05). The outcome and complication rates deduced from the national registry underline the high standard of microsurgical breast reconstruction on a national level in Germany.
Syntheses, characterization and DFT studies of two new (π-allyl) palladium(II) complexes of β-8,9-dihydrohimachalene
Creators: name: Faris, Abdelmajid
name: Edder, Youssef
name: Hdoufane, Ismail
name: Lahcen, Intissar Ait
name: Saadi, Mohamed
name: Ammari, Lahcen El
name: Berraho, Moha
name: Cherqaoui, Driss
name: Boualy, Brahim
name: Karim, Abdallah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Catalytic hydrogenation of β-himachalene, the main constituent of Atlas cedar’s essential oil, led to the formation of β-8,9-dihydrohimachalene (2,6,6,9-tetramethylbicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-1-ene). This latter when treated with palladium(II) chloride gives neutral bis(chloro)-bridged cyclopalladated dimers, [Pd2C12(C15H25)2] (di-μ-chloro-bis{[(1,2,15-η)-2,6,6,9-tetramethylbicyclo[5.4.0]undeca-1-ene]palladium), with a high regio- and stereoselectivity, which is stable under air and moisture. Its reaction with triphenylphosphine provided a monomer (π-allyl-β-8,9-dihydrohimachalene) palladium(triphenylphosphine) complex. Both complexes were characterized by 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction. DFT calculations were conducted on both compounds in order to predict their optimized structures, the frontier molecular orbitals and the global reactivity descriptors. A good correlation of bond lengths and angles with the experimental data was found at the B3LYP/6-31 +G(d,p) basis set. Moreover, Hirshfeld surface (HS) and 2D fingerprint analyses revealed an intermolecular hydrogen bond of 2.56 Å for the monomer palladium complex, which is close to the experimental value, along with an intramolecular close contact dominated by H-H interactions in both compounds.
VR-Splatting: Foveated Radiance Field Rendering via 3D Gaussian Splatting and Neural Points
Creators: name: Franke, Linus
name: Fink, Laura
name: Stamminger, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3; I.4

description: Recent advances in novel view synthesis have demonstrated impressive results in fast photorealistic scene rendering through differentiable point rendering, either via Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) [Kerbl and Kopanas et al. 2023] or neural point rendering [Aliev et al. 2020]. Unfortunately, these directions require either a large number of small Gaussians or expensive per-pixel post-processing for reconstructing fine details, which negatively impacts rendering performance. To meet the high performance demands of virtual reality (VR) systems, primitive or pixel counts therefore must be kept low, affecting visual quality.
 In this paper, we propose a novel hybrid approach based on foveated rendering as a promising solution that combines the strengths of both point rendering directions regarding performance sweet spots. Analyzing the compatibility with the human visual system, we find that using a low-detailed, few primitive smooth Gaussian representation for the periphery is cheap to compute and meets the perceptual demands of peripheral vision. For the fovea only, we use neural points with a convolutional neural network for the small pixel footprint, which provides sharp, detailed output within the rendering budget. This combination also allows for synergistic method accelerations with point occlusion culling and reducing the demands on the neural network.
 Our evaluation confirms that our approach increases sharpness and details compared to a standard VR-ready 3DGS configuration, and participants of a user study overwhelmingly preferred our method. Our system meets the necessary performance requirements for real-time VR interactions, ultimately enhancing the user's immersive experience.
 The project page can be found at: https://lfranke.github.io/vr_splatting
Screen-time influences children's mental imagery performance
Creators: name: Suggate, Sebastian
name: Martzog, Philipp
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cognitive development, electronic media, mental imagery, mental simulation, screen-media, screen-time
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Mental imagery is a foundational human faculty that depends on active image construction and sensorimotor experiences. However, children now spend a significant proportion of their day engaged with screen‐media, which (a) provide them with ready‐made mental images, and (b) constitute a sensory narrowing whereby input is typically focused on the visual and auditory modalities. Accordingly, we test the idea that screen‐time influences the development of children's mental imagery with a focus on mental image generation and inspection from the visual and haptic domains. In a longitudinal cross‐lagged panel design, children (n = 266) aged between 3 and 9 years were tested at two points in time, 10 months apart. Measures of screen‐time and mental imagery were employed, alongside a host of control variables including working memory, vocabulary, demographics, device ownership, and age of exposure to screen‐media. Findings indicate a statistically significant path from screen‐time at time 1 to mental imagery at time 2, above and beyond the influence of the control variables. These unique findings are discussed in terms of the influence of screen‐time on mental imagery.
Effect of Collective Neutrino Oscillations on the Neutrino Mechanism of Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Pejcha, Ondrej
name: Dasgupta, Basudeb
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the seconds after collapse of a massive star, the newborn proto-neutron star (PNS) radiates neutrinos of all flavors. The absorption of electron-type neutrinos below the radius of the stalled shockwave may drive explosions (the "neutrino mechanism"). Because the heating rate is proportional to the square of neutrino energy, flavor conversion of mu and tau neutrinos to electron-type neutrinos via collective neutrino oscillations (CnuO) may in principle increase the heating rate and drive explosions. In order to assess the potential importance of CnuO for the shock revival, we solve the steady-state boundary value problem of spherically-symmetric accretion between the PNS surface (r_nu) and the shock (r_S), including a scheme for flavor conversion via CnuO. For a given r_nu, PNS mass (M), accretion rate (Mdot), and assumed values of the neutrino energies from the PNS, we calculate the critical neutrino luminosity above which accretion is impossible and explosion results. We show that CnuO can decrease the critical luminosity by a factor of at most ~1.5, but only if the flavor conversion is fully completed inside r_S and if there is no matter suppression. The magnitude of the effect depends on the model parameters (M, Mdot, and r_nu) through the shock radius and the physical scale for flavor conversion. We quantify these dependencies and find that CnuO could lower the critical luminosity only for small M and Mdot, and large r_nu. However, for these parameter values CnuO are suppressed due to matter effects. By quantifying the importance of CnuO and matter suppression at the critical neutrino luminosity for explosion, we show in agreement with previous studies that CnuO are unlikely to affect the neutrino mechanism of core-collapse supernovae significantly.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Dynamical SUSY Breaking and the Beta-Deformation
Creators: name: Amariti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study supersymmetry breaking metastable vacua arising from beta deformed quiver gauge theories. The relation between the bounds on metastability and the deformation are discussed. Metastable supersymmetry breaking vacua are found in the IR of beta deformed cascading quivers with vector-like field content. Furthermore the limiting case of massive Nf=Nc SQCD appears in the IR of gauge theories with chiral-like field content. We comment on the field theory origin of the deformation and on possible applications in AdS/CFT.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, JHEP3.cls, references added, final version published on JHEP
Controllable-dipole quantum memory
Creators: name: Heshami, Khabat
name: Green, Adam
name: Han, Yang
name: Rispe, Arnaud
name: Saglamyurek, Erhan
name: Sinclair, Neil
name: Tittel, Wolfgang
name: Simon, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum memory protocol for photons that is based on the direct control of the transition dipole moment. We focus on the case where the light-matter interaction is enhanced by a cavity. We show that the optimal write process (maximizing the storage efficiency) is related to the optimal read process by a reversal of the {\it effective time} $τ=\int dt g^2(t)/κ$, where $g(t)$ is the time-dependent coupling and $κ$ is the cavity decay rate. We discuss the implementation of the protocol in a rare-earth ion doped crystal, where an optical transition can be turned on and off by switching a magnetic field.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Nikolaeva et al.’s reference book on seed dormancy and germination
Creators: name: Rosbakh, Sergey
name: Baskin, Carol C.
name: Baskin, Jerry M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: scarification; seed dormancy; seed germination; seeds; stratification; trait
subject: 580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Despite the recent advances in seed science research, information on seed dormancy and germination traits is still missing for many lineages of the seed plants. We translated and digitized a huge data set on seed dormancy and germination from the Reference Book On Dormant Seed Germination by M. Nikolaeva, M. Razumova, and V. Gladkova published in Russian in 1985 and previously not readily accessible to the great majority of people in the international scientific community interested in seeds. The data set contains information on the seed dormancy classification (sensu Nikolaeva et al., 1985; Baskin and Baskin, 2004), dormancy‐breaking conditions/germination, and for some of the included species storage behaviour, of seeds of nearly 3000 gymnosperm and angiosperm species from 843 genera and 164 families occurring worldwide. Additionally, the data set contains about 550 references, many of them unknown to seed scientists, to seed ecology research conducted between 1926 and 1985. The data set should be of value to applied, basic, and theoretical plant biologists, ecologists, and evolutionary biologists interested in the various aspects of regeneration of plants from seeds. There are no copyright or proprietary restrictions for research or teaching purposes. The originator of the data would appreciate notification when and how the data are used. When used in published analyses, this paper should be referred to as the data source.
Key Algorithms for Keyphrase Generation: Instruction-Based LLMs for Russian Scientific Keyphrases
Creators: name: Glazkova, Anna
name: Morozov, Dmitry
name: Garipov, Timur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.7.m; H.3.3
subject: 68T50

description: Keyphrase selection is a challenging task in natural language processing that has a wide range of applications. Adapting existing supervised and unsupervised solutions for the Russian language faces several limitations due to the rich morphology of Russian and the limited number of training datasets available. Recent studies conducted on English texts show that large language models (LLMs) successfully address the task of generating keyphrases. LLMs allow achieving impressive results without task-specific fine-tuning, using text prompts instead. In this work, we access the performance of prompt-based methods for generating keyphrases for Russian scientific abstracts. First, we compare the performance of zero-shot and few-shot prompt-based methods, fine-tuned models, and unsupervised methods. Then we assess strategies for selecting keyphrase examples in a few-shot setting. We present the outcomes of human evaluation of the generated keyphrases and analyze the strengths and weaknesses of the models through expert assessment. Our results suggest that prompt-based methods can outperform common baselines even using simple text prompts.
description: The 12th International Conference on Analysis of Images, Social Networks and Texts (AIST'2024)
Properties of the limit shape for some last passage growth models in random environments
Creators: name: Lin, Hao
name: Seppäläinen, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 60K37, 60K25

description: We study directed last passage percolation on the first quadrant of the planar square lattice whose weights have general distributions, or equivalently, ./G/1 queues in series. The service time distributions of the servers vary randomly which constitutes a random environment for the model. Equivalently, each row of the last passage model has its own randomly chosen weight distribution. We investigate the limiting time constant close to the boundary of the quadrant. Close to the y-axis, where the number of random distributions averaged over stays large, the limiting time constant takes the same universal form as in the homogeneous model. But close to the x-axis we see the effect of the tail of the distribution of the random means attached to the rows.
description: 24 pages, this paper has been accepted for publication in Stochastic Processes and their Applications
Dynamics of continued fractions and kneading sequences of unimodal maps
Creators: name: Bonanno, Claudio
name: Carminati, Carlo
name: Isola, Stefano
name: Tiozzo, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A55, 37A10, 37E05, 37E20, 11J06

description: In this paper we construct a correspondence between the parameter spaces of two families of one-dimensional dynamical systems, the alpha-continued fraction transformations T_alpha and unimodal maps. This correspondence identifies bifurcation parameters in the two families, and allows one to transfer topological and metric properties from one setting to the other. As an application, we recover results about the real slice of the Mandelbrot set, and the set of univoque numbers.
description: 21 pages, 3 figures. New section added with additional results and applications. Figures and references added. Introduction rearranged
The Origin of Islamic Extremism that leads to Terrorism - How to treat it in Kosovo: as War, Crime, or Disease?
Creators: name: Sokoli, Hekuran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Peace and Conflict Studies, Terrorism, International Terrorism, International Security, Security Studies, Kosovo, History of Terrorism, Global Terrorism, Peace & Conflict Studies, Use of Force & Counter-terrorism, Suicide Terrorism, Islamic radicalism, Terrorism and Counter-terrorism, Critical Terrorism Studies, Radicalism in the Islamic world, Islamic extremism, Religion and Terrorism, Origins of Terrorism, Islamic Terrorism, Religious extremism in Kosovo

description: Terrorism is a rising phenomenon which challenges states that are considered the main actors in the discipline of the International Relations (IR). It is important to understand that many countries are endangered by terrorism and that terrorists in our time, declare war on our international order that was founded with the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. We often see it on the news that democratic states get attacked by terrorists, who kill and injure many. We also see emerging campaigns with extremist content that are thrown on the internet to radicalize people. There are cases when young Kosovars traveled to Middle East (ME) to become part of terrorist groups and fight for them. All of this is a matter of concern.

 As a result, many countries have worked towards drafting different laws and strategies in order to combat this phenomenon. After the war between Kosovo and Serbia in 1998-99, the kosovar society, with little institutional experience found itself in the middle of many challenges, with Religious Extremism (RE) being one of them. Kosovo institutions addressed the rise of RE with police methods only after it was confirmed that a considerable number of Kosovo citizens had traveled to ME to become part of violent terrorist organizations. This paper aims to find out whether treating RE as crime is sufficient to address this problem in Kosovo or whether Kosovo institutions should treat the underlying symptoms that caused the rise of RE.

 State institutions at some degree have managed to successfully address this phenomenon with the analogy of crime. However, the main findings of this research paper show that treating RE as crime is only a short-term solution because the arrest and imprisonment of radicalized individuals does not guarantee that their desires for jihad will also be shuttered. Therefore, in order to address terrorism in an effective way, it is important to identify the factors that lead Kosovo citizens to terrorism. For a long-term solution, this paper suggests that state institutions must concentrate more on reducing the socio-economic problems that are the underlying cause to many challenges. In order to build resilience against RE that leads to terrorism, Kosovo institutions must improve the social welfare and return people’s trust in the public institutions.
Noun phrase complexity in Ghanaian English
Creators: name: Brato, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 420 Englisch

description: This study compares the complexity of the noun phrase (NP) in Ghanaian English in a real‐time perspective. Based on the Historical Corpus English in Ghana (1966–1975) and the Ghanaian component of the International Corpus of English (mainly 2000s), representing the early and late stages of structural nativisation in the dynamic model, NP complexity is measured using five criteria (NP pattern, complexity of the premodifier, length of the pre‐ and postmodifier and complexity of the postmodifier). The study uses conditional inference trees, taking into account three potential factors: corpus, text type and syntactic function. The results show that over time the complexity of the NP in Ghanaian English has increased, which is interpreted as Ghanaians becoming more proficient and therefore employing more sophisticated structures. Text type is an important predictor; syntactic function plays only a minor role. By adding a diachronic perspective, the study contributes to current models of the evolution of world Englishes.
Generalized Geologic Map for Land-Use Planning: Floyd County, Kentucky
Creators: name: Carey, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Geological Survey, University of Kentucky
Year: 2007

description: Abstract:
This map is not intended to be used for selecting individual sites. Its purpose is to inform land-use planners, government officials, and the public in a general way about geologic bedrock conditions that affect the selection of sites for various purposes. The properties of thick soils may supercede those of the underlying bedrock and should be considered on a site-to-site basis. At any site, it is important to understand the characteristics of both the soils and the underlying rock.
Hadronic production of bottom-squark pairs with electroweak contributions
Creators: name: Germer, Jan
name: Hollik, Wolfgang
name: Mirabella, Edoardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete computation of the tree-level and the next-to-leading order electroweak contributions to bottom-squark pair production at the LHC. The computation is performed within the minimal supersymmetric extension of the Standard Model. We discuss the numerical impact of these contributions in several supersymmetric scenarios.
description: 33 pages, v2: preprint numbers corrected
Mental rotation with abstract and embodied objects as stimuli: evidence from event-related potential (ERP)
Creators: name: Jansen, Petra
name: Render, Anna
name: Scheer, Clara
name: Siebertz, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chronometric mental rotation task, Sex differences, Embodiment, EEG
subject: 796 Sport

description: This study investigated sex differences in performance and neuronal activity in a mental rotation task with abstract and embodied figures. Fifty-eight participants (26 females and 32 males) completed a chronometric mental rotation task with cube figures, human figures, and body postures. The results are straightforward: depending on angular disparity, participants had a faster reaction time and a higher accuracy rate for embodied stimuli compared to cube figures. The electroencephalogram (EEG) activity pattern showed a higher negative amplitude modulation in the frontal electrodes for females compared to males during the late (400–600 ms) time interval. From 200 to 400 ms after stimulus onset, there was a different activation pattern in the parietal and central electrodes, whereas frontal electrodes did not show differences between embodied and abstract stimuli. From 400 to 600 ms after stimulus onset, there was a different pattern in the central and frontal electrodes but not in the parietal areas for embodied figures in compared to cube figures. Concluding, even though there were no sex differences in the behavioral data, the EEG data did show alterations at the late time interval. Thus, the disparate results regarding sex differences that depend on the type of analysis (behavioral versus neurophysiological) should be more thoroughly investigated. Furthermore, the difference in processing embodied stimuli in an object-based mental rotation task could be confirmed in EEG activity pattern for the first time.
A study of Quantum Correlations in Open Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Chakrabarty, Indranil
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Siddharth, Nana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study quantum correlations in mixed states. The states studied are modeled by a two-qubit system interacting with its environment via a quantum non demolition (purely dephasing) as well as dissipative type of interaction. The entanglement dynamics of this two qubit system is analyzed. We make a comparative study of various measures of quantum correlations, like Concurrence, Bell's inequality, Discord and Teleportation fidelity, on these states, generated by the above evolutions. We classify these evoluted states on basis of various dynamical parameters like bath squeezing parameter $r$, inter-qubit spacing $r_{12}$, temperature $T$ and time of system-bath evolution $t$. In this study, in addition we report the existence of entangled states which do not violate Bell's inequality, but can still be useful as a potential resource for teleportation. Moreover we study the dynamics of quantum as well as classical correlation in presence of dissipative coherence.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, Accepted for publication in Quantum Information and Computation
Weighted Mourre's commutator theory, application to Schrödinger operators with oscillating potential
Creators: name: Golenia, Sylvain
name: Jecko, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a variant of Mourre's commutator theory. We apply it to prove the limiting absorption principle for Schrödinger operators with a perturbed Wigner-Von Neumann potential at suitable energies. To our knowledge, this result is new since we allow a long range pertubation of the Wigner-Von Neumann potential. Furthermore, we can show that the usual Mourre theory, based on differential inequalities and on the generator of dilations, cannot apply to our Schrödinger operators.
description: References concerning commutator expansions has been improved
Development of a validated short-form of the Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale, the CADIS-SF15
Creators: name: Gabes, Michaela
name: Chamlin, S. L.
name: Lai, J.-S.
name: Apfelbacher, Christian J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background The Childhood Atopic Dermatitis Impact Scale (CADIS) with 45 items may be burdensome to complete. We therefore aimed to develop a CADIS short‐form. Methods Parents of 300 children completed the prototype CADIS. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted on the 45‐item CADIS version. The most representative items were chosen. Confirmatory factor analysis was used to confirm the a priori factor structure. Content validity was assessed in a focus group of patients, parents, clinicians, methodologists and industry delegates. Internal consistency, 48‐h test–retest reliability, construct validity and responsiveness of the newly developed short‐form were assessed. Results A total of 270 families provided data at baseline, 34 after 48 h and 228 after 4 weeks. Fourteen items of three different factors fulfilled the proposed eligibility criteria and were included in the draft short‐form. After the content validity rating, one item relating to the child’s sleep was added to further improve content validity. The confirmatory factor analyses showed good model fit, and a 15‐item short‐form was initiated, the CADIS‐SF15. The total scale and the three domains showed good internal consistency and test–retest reliability. The correlation between SCORAD and other subjective measures was consistent with our hypotheses. Differences in scores between mild, moderate and severe AD patients were significant, and the CADIS‐SF15 was able to detect changes in ‘improving’ patients over time. Conclusion The CADIS‐SF15 with 15 items in three domains is an internally consistent, reliable, valid, responsive and brief measure of QoL in children affected with AD and their parents. Further evaluation of clinical applicability is required.
Untwisting 3‐strand torus knots
Creators: name: Baader, S.
name: Banfield, I.
name: Lewark, Lukas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 57M25
subject: 510 Mathematik

description: We prove that the signature bound for the topological 4‐genus of 3‐strand torus knots is sharp, using McCoy's twisting method. We also show that the bound is off by at most 1 for 4‐strand and 6‐strand torus knots, and improve the upper bound on the asymptotic ratio between the topological 4‐genus and the Seifert genus of torus knots from 2/3 to 14/27.
Non-Linear Dynamics of Continuously Measured Bose-Einstein Condensates in One-Dimensional Harmonic Traps
Creators: name: Ivanova, T. Yu.
name: Samoylova, M. S.
name: Ivanov, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous center-of-mass position measurements performed on an interacting harmonically trapped Bose-gas are considered. Using both semi-analytical mean-field approach and completely quantum numerical technique based on positive P-representation, it is demonstrated that the atomic delocalization due to the measurement back action is smaller for a strongly interacting gas. The numerically calculated second-order correlation functions demonstrate appearance of atomic bunching as a result of the center-of-mass measurement. Though being rather small the bunching is present also for strongly interacting gas which is in contrast with the case of unperturbed gas. The performed analysis allows to speculate that for relatively strong interactions the size of atomic cloud determined with a single snapshot measurement can become smaller than the ground-state cloud size.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Generalizing Tanisaki's ideal via ideals of truncated symmetric functions
Creators: name: Mbirika, Aba
name: Tymoczko, Julianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 14M15, 05E10

description: We define a family of ideals $I_h$ in the polynomial ring $\mathbb{Z}[x_1,...,x_n]$ that are parametrized by Hessenberg functions $h$ (equivalently Dyck paths or ample partitions). The ideals $I_h$ generalize algebraically a family of ideals called the Tanisaki ideal, which is used in a geometric construction of permutation representations called Springer theory. To define $I_h$, we use polynomials in a proper subset of the variables ${x_1,...,x_n}$ that are symmetric under the corresponding permutation subgroup. We call these polynomials {\em truncated symmetric functions} and show combinatorial identities relating different kinds of truncated symmetric polynomials. We then prove several key properties of $I_h$, including that if $h>h'$ in the natural partial order on Dyck paths then $I_{h} \subset I_{h'}$, and explicitly construct a Gröbner basis for $I_h$. We use a second family of ideals $J_h$ for which some of the claims are easier to see, and prove that $I_h = J_h$. The ideals $J_h$ arise in work of Ding, Develin-Martin-Reiner, and Gasharov-Reiner on a family of Schubert varieties called partition varieties. Using earlier work of the first author, the current manuscript proves that the ideals $I_h = J_h$ generalize the Tanisaki ideals both algebraically and geometrically, from Springer varieties to a family of nilpotent Hessenberg varieties.
description: v1 had 27 pages. v2 is 29 pages and adds Appendix B, where we include a recent proof by Federico Galetto of a conjecture given in the previous version. We also add some connections between our work and earlier results of Ding, Gasharov-Reiner, and Develin-Martin-Reiner. v3 corrects a typo in Valibouze's citation in the bibliography. To appear in Journal of Algebraic Combinatorics
Object picture, quasinormal modes and late time tails of fermion perturbations in stringy black hole with U(1) charges
Creators: name: Piedra, Owen Pavel Fernández
name: Sosa, Fidel
name: Bernal-Castillo, José L.
name: Jimenez, Yulier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the present report is to study massless fermion perturbations outside five-dimensional stringy black holes with U(1) charges. The Dirac equation was numerically solved to obtain the time profiles for the evolving fermion fields, and the quasinormal frequencies at intermediate times are computed by numerical Prony fitting and semianalytical WKB expansion at sixth order. We also computed numerically the late-time power law decay factors, showing that there are in correspondence with previously reported results for the case of boson fields in higher dimensional odd space-times. The dependence of quasinormal frequencies with U(1) compactification charges are studied, and the stability of this class of higher dimensional black holes under fermion perturbations is established.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures