cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hybrid magnetization dynamics in $\text{Cu}_\text{2}\text{OSeO}_\text{3}$/$\mathrm{NiFe}$ heterostructures
Creators: name: Lüthi, Carolina
name: Flacke, Luis
name: Aqeel, Aisha
name: Kamra, Akashdeep
name: Gross, Rudolf
name: Back, Christian
name: Weiler, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the coupled magnetization dynamics in heterostructures of a single crystal of the chiral magnet $\mathrm{Cu_2OSeO_3}$ (CSO) and a polycrystalline ferromagnet $\mathrm{NiFe}$ (Py) thin film using broadband ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) at cryogenic temperatures. We observe the excitation of a hybrid mode (HM) below the helimagnetic transition temperature of CSO. This HM is attributed to the spin dynamics at the CSO/Py interface. We study the HM by measuring its resonance frequencies for in plane rotations of the external magnetic field. We find that the HM exhibits dominantly four-fold anisotropy, in contrast to the FMR of CSO and Py.
Optimized Laser Scribing of CIGS Processes in Substrate Configuration
Creators: name: Witte, R.
name: Frei, B.
name: Schneeberger, S.
name: Burn, A
name: Romano, V.
name: Buecheler, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2986-2991
description: The thin film (TF) solar market is challenged to produce solar modules with higher energy
conversion efficiency while at the same time reducing the manufacturing cost. One way to improve the energy
efficiency is to move to higher performance systems like Cadmiumtellurid (CdTe) or Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 (CIGS) in
comparison to TF Silicon (Si) based technologies. As today’s a-Si and CdTe structuring technology for module
development is based on laser scribing, the technology for CIGS modules is mostly dominated by mechanical
scribing. As inexpensive as the mechanical scribing technology seems, it has its drawbacks when it comes to
high precision scribing of TF materials and, subsequently, the reliability in the manufacturing process. Bringing
together a high speed, high accuracy motion system with ultra short pulse laser sources opens up new ways CIGS
solar cell production can be perceived. We present with this work an in depth evaluation of the influences of the
laser pulse width and wavelength to the CIGS scribing process on glass substrate. A variation of the pulse width
in the range of 10 ps to 100 ps and 1 ns up to 30 ns is studied and monitored to determine the influences on the
scribing quality. At the end, a functional mini-module is presented featuring a dead zone of less than 200 μm.
Incorporating the results into a scribing tool an innovative industrial concept is developed for future integration.
An outlook is given on the possible impact on cell efficiency, manufacturing costs, and cost of ownership
implementing such a concept into production.
Aggregator Reuse and Extension for Richer Web Archive Interaction
Creators: name: Kelly, Mat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Memento aggregators enable users to query multiple web archives for captures of a URI in time through a single HTTP endpoint. While this one-to-many access point is useful for researchers and end-users, aggregators are in a position to provide additional functionality to end-users beyond black box style aggregation. This paper identifies the state-of-the-art of Memento aggregation, abstracts its processes, highlights shortcomings, and offers systematic enhancements.
description: 16 pages, preprint accepted to be In Proceedings of the 24th International Conference on Asia-Pacific Digital Libraries (ICADL 2022)
Laser Processing of Organic Photovoltaic Cells with a Roll-to-Roll Manufacturing Process
Creators: name: Petsch, T.
name: Hänel, J.
name: Clair, M.
name: Keiper, B.
name: Scholz, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 224-227
description: Flexible large area organic photovoltaic (OPV) is currently one of the fastest developing areas of
organic electronics. New light absorbing polymer blends combined with new transparent conductive materials
provide higher power conversion efficiencies while new and improved production methods are developed to achieve
higher throughput at reduced cost. A typical OPV is formed by TCO layers as the transparent front contact and
polymers as active layer as well as interface layer between active layer and front contact. The several materials have
to be patterned in order to allow for a row connection of the solar cell. 3D-Micromac used ultra-short pulsed lasers to
evaluate the applicability of various wavelengths for the selective ablation of the indium tin oxide (ITO) layer and the
selective ablation of the bulk hetero junction (BHJ) consisting of poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61-butyric acid
methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) on top of a Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)
without damaging the ITO. These lasers in combination with high performance galvanometer scanning systems
achieve superior scribing quality without damaging the substrate. With scribing speeds of 10 m/s and up it is possible
to integrate this technology into a roll-to-roll manufacturing tool. The functionality of an OPV usually also requires
an annealing step, especially when using a BHJ for the active layer consisting of P3HT:PCBM, to optimize the layers
structure and therewith the efficiency of the solar cell (typically by thermal treatment, e.g. oven). The process of laser
annealing was investigated using a short-pulsed laser with a wavelength close to the absorption maximum of the BHJ.
A Study of Dye Sensitized Solar Cells under Indoor and Low Level Outdoor Lighting: Comparison to Organic and Inorganic Thin Film Solar Cells and Methods to Address Maximum Power Point Tracking
Creators: name: Sridhar, N.
name: Freeman, D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 232-236
description: With increasing applications in consumer electronics such as smart phones, laptops and tablet PCs, the
need for pervasive computing with a requirement of lower power consumption is increasing every day, This opens the
door for energy harvesting that could charge the batteries in these devices to keep them continually functioning in
some useful state. There has been a lot of attention on flexible thin film solar cells, such as dye sensitized (DSSC),
organic and inorganic, given their low cost and improving efficiency. Such cells are suitable for these applications
both under outdoor and indoor conditions due to their larger spectral response. Understanding the behavior of solar
cells such as DSSC under indoor light conditions along with power management algorithms to extract maximize the
collected energy is vital for consumer electronics applications. This analysis is compared to organic and inorganic
thin film solar cells.
Probe field ellipticity-induced shift in an atomic clock
Creators: name: Yudin, V. I.
name: Taichenachev, A. V.
name: Prudnikov, O. N.
name: Basalaev, M. Yu.
name: Pal'chikov, V. G.
name: von Boehn, M.
name: Mehlstäubler, T. E.
name: Bagayev, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the probe field induced shift for atomic lattice-based and ion-trap clocks, which can be considered as a near resonant ac-Stark shift, connected to the Zeeman structure of atomic levels and their splitting in a dc magnetic field. This shift arises from possible residual ellipticity in the polarization of the probe field and uncertainty in the magnetic field orientation. Such a shift can have an arbitrary sign and, for some experimental conditions, can reach the fractional value of the order of 10$^{-18}$-10$^{-19}$, i.e., it is not negligible. Thus, it should be taken into account in the uncertainty budgets for the modern ultra-precise atomic clocks. In addition, it is shown that when using hyper-Ramsey spectroscopy, this shift can be reduced to a level much lower than $10^{-19}$.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Optimization and Characterization of ZnO Films Prepared by Reactive Evaporation for Solar Cells Applications
Creators: name: Oyola Villegas, J.S.
name: Castro, M.A.
name: Calderón, C.
name: Gordillo, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2930-2935
description: Highly transparent and conductive ZnO films prepared by reactive evaporation and In2S3 prepared by co-evaporation have been optimized for using as optical windows in solar cells. The structural, optical and electrical
properties of ZnO films were investigated to optimize the preparation conditions. Films deposited under optimized parameters show resistivity around 8x10-4 Ωcm and transmittances of about 85%. The optimization of the preparation parameters has been discussed through a figure of merit defined in terms of both, the transmittance and the resistivity.
The applicability of the ZnO and In2S3 thin films in photovoltaic devices has been demonstrated by using the films as optical window in CuInS2 based solar cells.
The upgrade system of BESIII ETOF with MRPC technology
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaozhuang
name: Sun, Yongjie
name: Li, Cheng
name: Heng, Yuekun
name: Wu, Zhi
name: Cao, Ping
name: Dai, Hongliang
name: Ji, Xiaolu
name: Gong, Wenxuan
name: Liu, Zhen
name: Luo, Xiaolan
name: Sun, Weijia
name: Wang, Siyu
name: Wang, Yun
name: Yang, Rongxing
name: Ye, Mei
name: Zhao, Jinzhou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Beijing Spectrometer III (BESIII) endcap Time-Of-Filght (ETOF) was proposed to upgrade with Multigap Resistive Plate Chamber (MRPC) technology to substitute the current ETOF of scintillator+PMT for extending time resolutin better than 80 ps and enhance the particle identification capability to satisfy the higher precision requirement of physics. The ETOF system including MRPC modules, front end electronics (FEE), CLOCK module, fast control boards and time to digital modules (TDIG), has been designed, constructed and done some experimental tests seperately. Aiming at examining the quality of entire ETOF system and training the operation of all participated parts, a cosmic ray test system was built at the laboratory and underwent about three months to guarantee performance. In this paper the results will be presented indicating that the entire ETOF system works well and satisfies the requirements of the upgrade.
description: 7 pages,8 figures, conference
Annual Energy Harvest of PV Systems - Advantages and Drawbacks of Different PV Technologies
Creators: name: Mohring, H.-D.M.
name: Stellbogen, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2781-2785
description: The increasing share of various thin film technologies on the global PV market has intensified the discussion if there is a best technology for a specific application and location to achieve a maximum annual energy yield. A key point for comparison of energy yields for different technologies is the determination of the installed power, which is not a trivial task for thin film technologies. In addition, reversible changes of the output power (annealing, light soaking) and a possible long term variation of module parameters have to be taken into account. The paper discusses the influence of material and module specific parameters on the operational behaviour and the annual energy yield. The energy harvest of thin film solar plants is essentially determined by the temperature behaviour and (especially in Central Europe) by the sensitivity for low light levels, which can be characterised by the dependence of fill factor vs. irradiance. In general, CdTe and a-Si modules are less temperature sensitive than CIS and crystalline silicon. CdTe modules especially of the early production years show an excessive efficiency under low light levels.
Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 1 2022
Creators: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Publisher: name: Дагестанский территориальный институт профессиональных бухгалтеров
Year: 2022

description: Вестник научной мысли,Выпуск 1 2022
Review of Transparent Conductors and Demonstrated Improvement Strategy Using Metallic Grids
Creators: name: Van Deelen, J.
name: Rendering, H.
name: Klerk, L.
name: Poodt, P.
name: Hovestad, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2998-3000
description: A comparison of various transparent conducting materials based on their transparency versus sheet
resistance characteristics is presented. Transparent conducting oxides (TCOs) are still superior in performance
compared to various recent alternatives and can only be surpassed by the combination of TCOs with a metal grid.
Results on modeling and design optimization are presented using a monolithically integrated CIGS cell configuration
as case. This study showed that considerable efficiency enhancement (17% in power output) can be achieved for
metal grid TCO combinations compared to single TCOs. Conductivity improvement has been experimentally verified
on both commercial ITO PET foil as well as on ZnO coated glass with electrochemically deposited metal grids.
Conductivities below 0,1 Ohm/sq were reached and 80 times and 400 times conductivity improvements were
obtained at a transparency loss of only 3% and 6%, respectively. It was also found that electrochemical deposition
results in more conductive and more transparent grids than obtained by Ag-ink screen printing.
Influence of Macroscopic Defects at Different Position in CIGS Modules on Optical Imaging Techniques
Creators: name: Adams, J.
name: Fecher, F.
name: Schäffler, R.
name: Auer, R.
name: Brabec, C.J.
name: Buerhop-Lutz, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3001-3003
description: In this paper we will report on the influence of macroscopic defects at different cell positions.
Characterization was performed using optical imaging techniques and SPICE simulations. Further, the thermal as
well as the electrical behavior of these defects is demonstrated for different applied voltages. Simulations made by
LTspice show on the other hand the electrical behavior of the defects at three different positions in a CIGS solar cell.
Experiment and simulations correspond and reveal that with increasing distance of the defect to P3 the power
dissipation increases.
Low-temperature theory of inversion and quantum oscillations in Kondo insulators
Creators: name: Pushkar, Arnav
name: Kumar, Brijesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The half-filled Kondo lattice model is studied at low temperatures on simple cubic lattice using the self-consistent theory developed in Phys. Rev. B 96, 075115 (2017). It is found to have three distinct insulating phases in the temperature-hopping plane, namely, the strong coupling Kondo singlet (KS) phase, the inverted Kondo singlet (iKS) phase distinguished from the KS by inversion, and the antiferromagnetic (AFM) phase. The quasiparticle density of states across the inversion transition is noted to exhibit dimensional reduction, which can differentiate between the KS and iKS insulators in experiments. Magnetic quantum oscillations obtained in the iKS and AFM phases are found to show Lifshitz-Kosevich like behaviour with temperature as well as inverse hopping.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sputtering of Amorphous ITO Thin Films Used For Chalcopyrite Solar Cells
Creators: name: Aviles, T.
name: Lethien, C.
name: Zegaoui, M.
name: Vilcot, J.-P.
name: Leroy, F.
name: Roussel, P.
name: Rolland, N.
name: Rolland, P.A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3004-3006
description: In this conference, we report on the study of electrical, optical and structural properties of RF
sputtered Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) thin films at room temperature. These films are dedicated to act as front
electrode of CIGS solar cells and shall so compel with the electrical and optical criteria that are required for such
an application. It is well-known that the main drawback of the sputtering deposition technique deals with the
inherent generation of highly energetic particles that causes bombardment onto the sample. The developed
deposition process targets to be damage free onto the underlying layer. The deposition process is developed in a
conventional magnetron sputtering system without external heating, in such a way that films shall be amorphous.
Furthermore, film internal stress is kept very low. Optical studies show a transparency over 80% in the visible
range and a high transparency in the infrared region. The lowest obtained sheet resistance is 12.6 Ω/ (~ 300nm
film thickness) with a carrier concentration of 2.4 x 1020 cm-3 and a carrier mobility of 45.1 cm²/V.s.
Quintic vertices of spin 3, vector and scalar fields
Creators: name: Lavrov, P. M.
name: Mudruk, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a result of special deformations of free gauge models of massless spin 3, massive vector and real scalar fields, quintic vertices within new approach (Buchbinder and Lavrov in JHEP 06: 097, 2021; Buchbinder and Lavrov in Eur. Phys. J. C 81:856, 2021; Lavrov in Eur. Phys. J. C 82:429, 2022) are constructed. They are described by local functionals which are invariant under original gauge transformations.
description: 7 pages, v2: typos corrected; accepted in Phys. Lett. B, v3: published version
The Influence of Transparent Conductive Oxide Layers and their Preparation Technique on Heterojunction Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nakamura, N.
name: Nakanishi, T.
name: Ibi, K.
name: Yamazaki, T.
name: Watabe, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1855-1858
description: Transparent conducting oxide (TCO) layers function as not only conductive layers, but also antireflection
layers in a-Si/c-Si heterojunction cells. Therefore, the TCO deposition process and its characteristics are
important factors for these cells. Tin doped InOx, called ITO, is most widely adopted over various industrial fields.
But other materials also should be considered as candidates for dopant. In this study, therefore, tin-doped and other
material-doped InOx were prepared using some different deposition techniques, and the characteristics of the cells
with these TCOs were investigated. The conversion efficiency of 19.1% was achieved in large sized cells,
156×156mm2, using Indium-oxides based TCO, called IXO in this paper, which was deposited by ion plating
technique. This TCO greatly improved the effect of internal confinement of near-infrared light. And ion plating
technique also successfully enhanced the cell efficiency.
Variable Star Signature Classification using Slotted Symbolic Markov Modeling
Creators: name: Johnston, Kyle B.
name: Peter, Adrian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the advent of digital astronomy, new benefits and new challenges have been presented to the modern day astronomer. No longer can the astronomer rely on manual processing, instead the profession as a whole has begun to adopt more advanced computational means. This paper focuses on the construction and application of a novel time-domain signature extraction methodology and the development of a supporting supervised pattern classification algorithm for the identification of variable stars. A methodology for the reduction of stellar variable observations (time-domain data) into a novel feature space representation is introduced. The methodology presented will be referred to as Slotted Symbolic Markov Modeling (SSMM) and has a number of advantages which will be demonstrated to be beneficial; specifically to the supervised classification of stellar variables. It will be shown that the methodology outperformed a baseline standard methodology on a standardized set of stellar light curve data. The performance on a set of data derived from the LINEAR dataset will also be shown
description: 7 Figures, 3 Tables
Multi-Wavelength Photoluminescence for CIGS Characterization
Creators: name: Singher, L.
name: Naot, I.
name: Levin, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3007-3009
description: Photoluminescence is emerging as a powerful characterization tool for solar cells. The technique
proves itself as an accurate mean to monitor materials band gap and composition with the advantage of being
contactless. It provides information on spatial distribution of recombination and therefore can determine lifetime,
band gap and defects. In this work, we show the application of photoluminescence to analyze the bulk behavior of
CIGS band gap. The thin film material is designed with varying band gap depth profile in such a way as to provide
maximum cell efficiency. To analyze the depth profile properties of CIGS, three wavelengths were used with varying
CIGS penetration depth. The different wavelengths extract information on the band gap at different depths of CIGS.
The experimental results demonstrate that photoluminescence characterization is a practical tool not only for
laboratory experiments but also for industrial process monitoring.
Negative type functions on groups with polynomial growth
Creators: name: Cipriani, Fabio
name: Sauvageot, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 20F65, Secondary 20F69, 57M07

description: The aim of this work is to show that on a locally compact, second countable, compactly generated group $G$ with polynomial growth and homogeneous dimension $d_h$, there exist a continuous, proper, negative definite function $\ell$ with polynomial growth dimension $d_\ell$ arbitrary close to $d_h$.
Onset, timing, and exposure therapy of stress disorders: mechanistic insight from a mathematical model of oscillating neuroendocrine dynamics
Creators: name: Kim, Lae Un
name: D'Orsogna, Maria R.
name: Chou, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is a neuroendocrine system that regulates numerous physiological processes. Disruptions in the activity of the HPA axis are correlated with many stress-related diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and major depressive disorder. In this paper, we characterize "normal" and "diseased" states of the HPA axis as basins of attraction of a dynamical system describing the inhibition of peptide hormones such as corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) and adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) by circulating glucocorticoids such as cortisol (CORT). In addition to including key physiological features such as ultradian oscillations in cortisol levels and self-upregulation of CRH neuron activity, our model distinguishes the relatively slow process of cortisol-mediated CRH biosynthesis from rapid trans-synaptic effects that regulate the CRH secretion process. Crucially, we find that the slow regulation mechanism mediates external stress-driven transitions between the stable states in novel, intensity, duration, and timing-dependent ways. These results indicate that the timing of traumatic events may be an important factor in determining if and how patients will exhibit hallmarks of stress disorders. Our model also suggests a mechanism whereby exposure therapy of stress disorders such as PTSD may act to normalize downstream dysregulation of the HPA axis.
description: 30 pages, 16 figures, submitted to BMC Biology Direct
Anomalous finite-size scaling in higher-order processes with absorbing states
Creators: name: Vezzani, Alessandro
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
name: Burioni, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study standard and higher-order birth-death processes on fully connected networks, within the perspective of large-deviation theory (also referred to as Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin (WKB) method in some contexts). We obtain a general expression for the leading and next-to-leading terms of the stationary probability distribution of the fraction of "active" sites, as a function of parameters and network size $N$. We reproduce several results from the literature and, in particular, we derive all the moments of the stationary distribution for the $q$-susceptible-infected-susceptible ($q-SIS$) model, i.e., a high-order epidemic model requiring of $q$ active ("infected") sites to activate an additional one. We uncover a very rich scenario for the fluctuations of the fraction of active sites, with non-trivial finite-size-scaling properties. In particular, we show that the variance-to-mean ratio diverges at criticality for $[1 \leq q\leq 3]$, with a maximal variability at $q=2$, confirming that complex-contagion processes can exhibit peculiar scaling features including wild variability and that the leading-order in a large-deviation approach does not suffice to describe them: next-to-leading terms are essential to capture the intrinsic singularity at the origin of systems with absorbing states.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Describing the World With Three Parameters: A New Approach to PV Module Power Modelling
Creators: name: Heydenreich, W.
name: Müller, B.
name: Reise, C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
Engineering and System Integration

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2786-2789
description: We present a three parameter model, derived from basic considerations of module behaviour, and suitable for several PV module technologies. For a number of different c-Si modules, the model parameters were derived from comprehensive flasher laboratory measurements and from manufacturer’s data sheets. The uncertainty of model parameterization is assessed via a comparison of both approaches and a short sensitivity analysis. It turns out that the simplicity of the model is not a constraint. Instead, the derivation of model parameters from the original manufacturer’s data sheets turned out to be a major source of uncertainties. To improve this situation, a revision of some standards concerned with module specification might be reasonable.
Juliane Noth, Transmedial Landscapes and Modern Chinese Painting
Creators: name: Clark, John
Publisher: name: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual
Year: 2023

description: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte und visuellen Kultur
Failure of classical traffic flow theories: Stochastic highway capacity and automatic driving
Creators: name: Kerner, Boris S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a mini-review [Physica A {\bf 392} (2013) 5261--5282] it has been shown that classical traffic flow theories and models failed to explain empirical traffic breakdown -- a phase transition from metastable free flow to synchronized flow at highway bottlenecks. The main objective of this mini-review is to study the consequence of this failure of classical traffic-flow theories for an analysis of empirical stochastic highway capacity as well as for the effect of automatic driving vehicles and cooperative driving on traffic flow. To reach this goal, we show a deep connection between the understanding of empirical stochastic highway capacity and a reliable analysis of automatic driving vehicles in traffic flow. With the use of simulations in the framework of three-phase traffic theory, a probabilistic analysis of the effect of automatic driving vehicles on a mixture traffic flow consisting of a random distribution of automatic driving and manual driving vehicles has been made. We have found that the parameters of automatic driving vehicles can either decrease or increase the probability of traffic breakdown. The increase in the probability of traffic breakdown, i.e., the deterioration of the performance of the traffic system can occur already at a small percentage (about 5$\%$) of automatic driving vehicles. The increase in the probability of traffic breakdown through automatic driving vehicles can be realized, even if any platoon of automatic driving vehicles satisfies condition for string stability.
description: 109 pages, 27 figures, Physica A (in press)
SiN Precipitate Formation Related to Metal Contamination of Multicrystalline Silicon for Solar Cells
Creators: name: Bronsveld, P.C.P.
name: Coletti, G.
name: Schuring, E.
name: Roos, C.M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1863-1866
description: Elongated filaments and periodically waved sheets were observed along the grain boundaries of etched multicrystalline
wafers from intentionally contaminated ingots. The filaments and sheets consist of silicon nitride, as was
confirmed by Energy Dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX). The abundance of the SiN sheets and filaments increases with a
higher concentration of metal impurities and, except for the absolute top and bottom, was not observed in the
uncontaminated reference ingots. Solar cells made from filament regions of the ingot display strong FF losses due to the
presence of shunts, depending on the level of metal contamination. The shunt patterns, observed using lock-in thermography,
are correlated to the regions where the filaments are present.
A Comparison of Energy Rating Methodologies Using Field Test Measurements
Creators: name: Poissant, Y.
name: Pelland, S.
name: Turcotte, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2657-2662
description: The aim of this work is to compare two types of energy rating methodologies in terms of their accuracy and their usefulness for guiding module selection for a given location. The IEC 61853 methodology currently under development was compared to the simpler ESTI-ER methodology proposed by the European Union Joint Research Center (JRC). Four PV module technologies (triple junction a-Si, laser grooved c-Si, back contact c-Si and heterojunction Si) were characterized in the field to obtain the input parameters required by the two energy rating methodologies. Local weather conditions (direct, diffuse, global and in-plane irradiances and PV module and ambient temperatures) were monitored over a year at a test location near Montréal, Canada. These were combined to PV module inputs to calculate their energy output over different days and over extended time periods, using both methodologies. The two methodologies were found to have comparable accuracies both for daily and for extended periods. While the median absolute errors for the more complex IEC 61853 method were generally lower (2% for extended periods, as opposed to 2.8% for the JRC method), it is not clear whether the gain in accuracy would justify the added cost in complexity of measurements and calculations involved. Both methods were useful in predicting specific yield rankings for the four modules under study. However, differences between the modules were often of the same order as the predictive error of the methods.
Reflected Waves and Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Chataignier, Leonardo
name: Kamenshchik, Alexander Yu.
name: Tronconi, Alessandro
name: Venturi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of canonical quantum gravity, we consider the effects of a non-standard expression for the gravitational wave function on the evolution of inflationary perturbations. Such an expression and its effects may be generated by a sudden variation in the (nearly constant) inflaton potential. The resulting primordial spectra, up to the leading order, are affected in the short and in the long wavelength regime, where an oscillatory behavior with a non-negligible amplitude is superimposed on the standard semiclassical result. Moreover, a novel, non-perturbative, approach is used to study the evolution. Finally, a simplified application is fully illustrated and commented.
description: references updated, conceptual clarifications added. Matches published version
A New Concept of Photochemical Upconversion for Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Fückel, B.
name: Cheng, Y.Y.
name: MacQueen, R.W.
name: Clady, R.G.C.R.
name: Nauta, K.
name: Crossley, M.J.
name: Schmidt, T.W.
name: Johnson, C.
name: Conibeer, G.J.
name: Green, M.A.
name: Lips, K.
name: Stannowski, B.
name: Kirner, S.
name: Hänel, T.
name: Schlatmann, R.
name: Rech, B.
name: Ekins-Daukes, N.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 101-104
description: We consider a scheme to increase the conversion efficiency of a single bandgap solar cell by applying
photochemical upconversion (UC), i.e. joining two low energy photons together by incoherent means. Photochemical
UC makes use of two molecular species; one for absorption of the low energy photons and one for UC via triplettriplet
annihilation as well as emission of the higher energy photons. We describe a model wherein we place a
(experimentally fully characterized) UC unit behind a thin a-Si bifacial solar cell. We calculate the relative increase
of the photocurrent of the a-Si cell depending on the solar concentrations utilized.
Alessia Frassani (ed.), Visual Culture and Indigenous Agency in the Early Americas
Creators: name: Stanfield-Mazzi, Maya
Publisher: name: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual
Year: 2023

description: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte und visuellen Kultur
Dario & Libero Gamboni, Das Museum als Erfahrung. Reisedialoge über Künstler- und Sammlermuseen
Creators: name: Troelenberg, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual
Year: 2023

description: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte und visuellen Kultur
Polar Metals Taxonomy for Materials Classification and Discovery
Creators: name: Hickox-Young, Daniel
name: Puggioni, Danilo
name: Rondinelli, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past decade, materials that combine broken inversion symmetry with metallic conductivity have gone from a thought experiment to one of the fastest growing research topics. In 2013, the observation of the first uncontested polar transition in a metal, LiOsO$_3$, inspired a surge of theoretical and experimental work on the subject, uncovering a host of materials which combine properties previously thought to be contraindicated [Nat. Mater. \textbf{12}, 1024 (2013)]. As is often the case in a nascent field, the sudden rise in interest has been accompanied by diverse (and sometimes conflicting) terminology. Although ``ferroelectric-like" metals are well-defined in theory, i.e., materials that undergo a symmetry-lowering transition to a polar phase while exhibiting metallic electron transport, real materials find a myriad of ways to push the boundaries of this definition. Here, we review and explore the burgeoning polar metal frontier from the perspectives of theory, simulation, and experiment while introducing a unified taxonomy. The framework allows one to describe, identify, and classify polar metals; we also use it to discuss some of the fundamental tensions between theory and models of reality inherent in the terms ``ferroelectric" and ``metals.'' In addition, we highlight shortcomings of electrostatic doping simulations in modeling different subclasses of polar metals, noting how the assumptions of this approach depart from experiment. We include a survey of known materials that combine polar symmetry with metallic conductivity, classified according to the mechanisms used to harmonize those two orders and their resulting properties. We conclude by describing opportunities for the discovery of novel polar metals by utilizing our taxonomy.
Trajectory Optimization for Quadruped Mobile Manipulators that Carry Heavy Payload
Creators: name: Dadiotis, Ioannis
name: Laurenzi, Arturo
name: Tsagarakis, Nikos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a simplified model-based trajectory optimization (TO) formulation for motion planning on quadruped mobile manipulators that carry heavy payload of known mass. The proposed payload-aware formulation simultaneously plans locomotion, payload manipulation and considers both robot and payload model dynamics while remaining computationally efficient. At the presence of heavy payload, the approach exhibits reduced leg outstretching (thus increased manipulability) in kinematically demanding motions due to the contribution of payload manipulation in the optimization. The framework's computational efficiency and performance is validated through a number of simulation and experimental studies with the bi-manual quadruped CENTAURO robot carrying on its arms a payload that exceeds 15 % of its mass and traversing non-flat terrain.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables, accepted article at the 2022 IEEE-RAS International Conference on Humanoid Robots (Humanoids 2022)
Space Resolved Electroluminescence Measurements on Organic Photovoltaic Devices
Creators: name: Hoyer, U.
name: Swonke, T.
name: Wagner, M.
name: Freymuth, N.
name: Pinna, L.
name: Brabec, C.J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Organic-based PV

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 228-231
description: The first publications about spectrally resolved electroluminescence (EL) measurements on
polymer/fullerene based photovoltaic have been published in the last few years. Compared to the pristine
component’s emission the peak emission of the blend is strongly red-shifted. This phenomenon was attributed to the
formation of so called charge transfer states (CTS): a CT state between a polymer and fullerene is formed by their
wavefunctions, if the distance between them is small enough. In this manuscript we show how the space resolved
measurement of the electroluminescence radiation, using a suitable camera, is used to verify the prediction of the
detailed balance theory and moreover identify certain different effects in organic solar cells.
Effects of the Thin Film Properties on the Laser Scribing Behaviour of Sputtered Molybdenum Thin Films
Creators: name: Linke, C.
name: Köstenbauer, H.
name: Franzke, E.
name: Winkler, J.
name: Klaiber, L.
name: Carrasco, F.
name: Neugebauer, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
CIS and Related Ternary and Quaternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 2971-2973
description: For monolithic interconnection of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 thin film solar cells the Molybdenum back contact
is structured by laser scribing (P1 scribe). The influence of the stress of sputtered Molybdenum thin films on the
laser scribing behaviour was investigated. Molybdenum thin films with a thickness of 500 nm with different
stresses were deposited by DC magnetron sputtering on soda-lime glass with or without an additional SiNx barrier
layer. Scribing of the thin films was done by sub ns-pulsed laser with a wavelength of 532 nm.
The fluence required for scribing Mo thin films is highly affected by the film stress. It will drastically decrease by
changing the film stress from compressive stress to tensile stress. For scribing Mo with Si-N barrier layer the
fluence is generally lower than for scribing Mo without barrier layer.
Larissa Buchholz, The Global Rules of Art. The Emergence and Divisions of a Cultural World Economy
Creators: name: Zijlmans, Kitty
Publisher: name: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual
Year: 2023

description: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte und visuellen Kultur
Comparison of Nanosecond 248 nm and Picosecond 355 nm Laser Processes for Selective Ablation of SiNx Material
Creators: name: Gall, S.
name: Brune, J.
name: Moorhouse, C.
name: Manuel, S.
name: Pirot, M.
name: Monna, R.
name: Heslinga, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1845-1848
description: Our work compares laser ablation processes of silicon nitride material deposited onto pre-diffused silicon substrate
by using a nanosecond, 248nm Excimer source and a picosecond, 355nm UV source. It is shown that effective removal
of SiNx could be obtained but energy has to be carefully chosen to limit modifications of the underlying silicon. Physical
mechanisms involved during each process are discussed and compared with literature.
Comparative Study of the Microstructure of a-Si:H and a-SiNx:H Passivation Films Deposited by Direct and Remote Plasma CVD in a Single PECVD Reactor
Creators: name: Blech, M.
name: Laades, A.
name: Ronning, C.
name: Lawerenz, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1859-1862
description: This work reports on a detailed investigation of the microstructure of a-SiNx:H and intrinsic a-Si:H
films in correlation to their passivation quality. The deposition of the passivation films was carried out in a PECVD
reactor operating in remote plasma mode by means of a microwave linear antenna array at 2.45 GHz as well as in direct
plasma mode at 13.56 MHz. A systematic variation of the gas flow ratio R = [NH3]/[SiH4] for both modes from
the range suitable for the antireflection coating of solar cells (refractive index n ~ 2) up to a-Si:H (R = 0) was performed.
After that the films were subjected to a variety of high temperature steps such as firing or annealing in different
ambients. The film properties were analyzed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and ellipsometry and
their passivation quality by carrier lifetime measurements.
Mechtild Widrich, Monumental Cares. Sites of History and Contemporary Art
Creators: name: Rounthwaite, Adair
Publisher: name: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual
Year: 2023

description: 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual, Vol. 4 No. 3 (2023): 21: Inquiries into Art, History, and the Visual. Beiträge zur Kunstgeschichte und visuellen Kultur
On the stability domain of a class of linear systems of fractional order
Creators: name: Danca, Marius-F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the shape of the stability domain S^q for a class of difference systems defined by the Caputo forward difference operator D^q of order q\in (0, 1) is numerically analyzed. It is shown numerically that due to of power of the negative base in the expression of the stability domain, in addition to the known cardioid-like shapes, S^q could present supplementary regions where the stability is not verified. The Mandelbrot map of fractional order is considered as an illustrative example. In addition, it is conjectured that for $q < 0.5$, the shape of S^q does not cover the main body of the underlying Mandelbrot set of fractional order as in the case of integer order.
description: 2023 accepted
Sunshape Measurements for CPV System Energy Yield Prediction
Creators: name: Gambardella, A.
name: Galleano, R.
name: Huld, T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics : New Concepts and Ultra-High Efficiency
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 182-186
description: The performance of CPV systems, due to the optical properties of the concentrators, depends on the
solar brightness distribution including a portion of the circumsolar region. The exact degree to which CPV systems
are dependent on specific atmospheric condition (i.e. direct/diffuse ratio) is not accurately known. Currently, to
design an optimized optics for concentrators, a reasonable site-dependent statistical sunshapes database must be used.
This is not only time consuming but also expensive to create, and there is little confidence the resulting design will
prove optimal in other locations. The goal of the work is a sunshape prediction model that adequately replicates the
real solar distribution.