cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Bayesian on-line anticipation of critical transitions
Creators: name: Heßler, Martin
name: Kamps, Oliver
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530 Physics

description: The design of reliable indicators to anticipate critical transitions in complex systems is an important task in order to detect imminent regime shifts and to intervene at an early stage to either prevent them or mitigate their consequences. We present a data-driven method based on the estimation of a parameterized nonlinear stochastic differential equation that allows for a robust anticipation of critical transitions even in the presence of strong noise which is a characteristic of many real world systems. Since the parameter estimation is done by a Markov chain Monte Carlo approach, we have access to credibility bands allowing for a better interpretation of the reliability of the results. We also show that the method can yield meaningful results under correlated noise. By introducing a Bayesian linear segment fit it is possible to give an estimate for the time horizon in which the transition will probably occur based on the current state of information. This approach is also able to handle nonlinear time dependencies of the parameter that controls the transition. The method can be used as a tool for on-line analysis to detect changes in the resilience of the system and to provide information on the probability of the occurrence of critical transitions in future. Additionally, it can give valuable information about the possibility of noise induced transitions. The discussed methods are made easily accessible via a flexibly adaptable open source toolkit named 'antiCPy' which is implemented in the programming language Python.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
On stable sl3-homology of torus knots
Creators: name: Gorsky, Eugene
name: Lewark, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25, 13D02, 16E45, 57-04, 13P20

description: The stable Khovanov-Rozansky homology of torus knots has been conjecturally described as the Koszul homology of an explicit non-regular sequence of polynomials. We verify this conjecture against newly available computational data for sl(3)-homology. Special attention is paid to torsion. In addition, explicit conjectural formulae are given for the sl(N)-homology of (3,m)-torus knots for all N and m, which are motivated by higher categorified Jones-Wenzl projectors. Structurally similar formulae are proven for Heegard-Floer homology.
description: 16 pages, 3 tables
Structural and bonding properties of gas-phase M4C6 (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) clusters and their anions
Creators: name: Lu, Sheng-Jie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The structural and bonding properties of gas-phase M4C6 (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) clusters and their anions have been investigated by quantum chemical calculations. Theoretical results indicate that the lowest-energy isomers of Cu4C6−/0 clusters possess ring-like configurations. The binding motifs in the most stable isomers of Ag4C6−/0 and Au4C6−/0 clusters adopt similar linear cumulenic chain-shaped configurations. The chemical bonding analysis indicates that the M4C6−/0 (M = Cu, Ag, and Au) complexes have σ plus π double delocalized bonding characters and the C atoms exhibit strong covalent bonding interactions, especially for Ag4C6−/0 and Au4C6−/0 clusters. The molecular orbital analysis shows that M4C6 neutrals have shell-closed electronic structures with large HOMO−LUMO gaps, indicating that their high stability and chemical inertness.
Lyman-alpha Scattering Models Trace Accretion and Outflow Kinematics in T Tauri Systems
Creators: name: Arulanantham, Nicole
name: Gronke, Max
name: Fiorellino, Eleonora
name: Gameiro, Jorge Filipe
name: Frasca, Antonio
name: Green, Joel
name: Chang, Seok-Jun
name: Claes, Rik A. B.
name: Espaillat, Catherine C.
name: France, Kevin
name: Herczeg, Gregory J.
name: Manara, Carlo F.
name: Venuti, Laura
name: Ábrahám, Péter
name: Alexander, Richard
name: Bouvier, Jerome
name: Campbell-White, Justyn
name: Eislöffel, Jochen
name: Fischer, William J.
name: Kóspál, Ágnes
name: Vioque, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: T Tauri stars produce broad Lyman-alpha emission lines that contribute $\sim$88% of the total UV flux incident on the inner circumstellar disks. Lyman-alpha photons are generated at the accretion shocks and in the protostellar chromospheres and must travel through accretion flows, winds and jets, the protoplanetary disks, and the interstellar medium before reaching the observer. This trajectory produces asymmetric, double-peaked features that carry kinematic and opacity signatures of the disk environments. To understand the link between the evolution of Lyman-alpha emission lines and the disks themselves, we model HST-COS spectra from targets included in Data Release 3 of the Hubble UV Legacy Library of Young Stars as Essential Standards (ULLYSES) program. We find that resonant scattering in a simple spherical expanding shell is able to reproduce the high velocity emission line wings, providing estimates of the average velocities within the bulk intervening H I. The model velocities are significantly correlated with the K band veiling, indicating a turnover from Lyman-alpha profiles absorbed by outflowing winds to emission lines suppressed by accretion flows as the hot inner disk is depleted. Just 30% of targets in our sample have profiles with red-shifted absorption from accretion flows, many of which have resolved dust gaps. At this stage, Lyman-alpha photons may no longer intersect with disk winds along the path to the observer. Our results point to a significant evolution of Lyman-alpha irradiation within the gas disks over time, which may lead to chemical differences that are observable with ALMA and JWST.
description: accepted to ApJ
Effect of confinement on the electronic and optical properties of azobenzene: cucurbituril as a means of confinement
Creators: name: Gangwar, Peaush
name: Negi, Saurabh Singh
name: Ramanathan, Venkatnarayan
name: Ramachandran, C. N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The host–guest complexes of cucurbituril and azobenzene are investigated using dispersion corrected density functional theoretical methods. Different orientations of the guest azobenzene inside cucurbiturils of different sizes are examined. The host–guest interaction and the alteration of the physical properties of constituent units are studied. Among different orientations of azobenzene inside cucurbituril, the horizontally oriented cis complex is found to be the most stable. The maximum absorption wavelength (λmax) of trans isomer undergoes red shift due to the confinement inside the cucurbituril cage whereas that of the cis isomer exhibits a blue shift when aligned horizontally inside the cucurbituril cage. The transfer of electron density and the non-linear optical properties of these complexes are also discussed.
Glyphosate: New epidemiological study finds no connection between cases of cancer and use of plant protection products containing glyphosate
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: glyphosate
subject: epidemiological study
subject: cancer
subject: plant protection product
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C4485

description: Epidemiological studies are a central element of public discussion in the debate surrounding the carcinogenic potential of glyphosate. A publication that appeared in the USA in November examined whether there is a possible connection between the use of glyphosate containing plant protection products and cases of cancer among people who work in agriculture using a significantly broader data base. To do so, the researchers evaluated as yet unpublished data from the Agricultural Health Study (AHS) in the USA, the observation period of which had been extended by eleven years. Through the extended follow-up of the AHS, they come to the conclusion that no significant connections could be established between applications of plant protection products containing glyphosate and the occurrence of cancer among the examined population group. This applies to cancers in general, as well as to special cancer types, such as non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which has been discussed in connection with the glyphosate assessment. The results suggesting a possible association with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) are not statistically unambiguous and should be interpreted with caution. The BfR has made an initial assessment of the new study, which was published in the Journal of the National Cancer Institute (djx233, https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djx233). The study was not taken into consideration by the IARC or in the concluded European health assessment of glyphosate presented in the course of the application for its re-approval as an active substance in plant protection products. Link: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/glyphosate-new-epidemiological-study-finds-no-connection-between-cases-of-cancer-and-use-of-plant-protection-products-containing-glyphosate.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Cluster-shell competition and effect of adding hyperons
Creators: name: Itagaki, Naoyuki
name: Hiyama, Emiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental question is how the hyperon plays a role in the nuclear structure. It is of particular importance, especially in the light mass region, to verify the structure change when $Λ$ particle(s) is added to normal nuclei. The ground state of $^{8}$Be has been know to have a well-developed $α$--$α$ cluster structure, whereasn$^{12}$C has a mixed structure of three $α$ clusters and $jj$-coupling shell model, where $α$ clusters are partially broken. Adding $Λ$ particle(s) could induce the structure change. We compare the Be and C cases. Using the antisymmetrized quasi-cluster model (AQCM), the $α$-cluster states and $jj$-coupling shell-model states of $^8$Be and $^{12}$C are prepared on the same footing, and we add $Λ$ particles. The cluster-shell competition in the ground state can be well described with this model. Using AQCM, we calculate $^8$Be, $^{9}_Λ$Be, $^{10}_{ΛΛ}$Be, $^{12}$C, $^{13}_Λ$C, and $^{14}_{ΛΛ}$C. By adding one or two $Λ$ particle(s), the ground state of $^{12}$C approaches the $jj$-coupling shell model side. On the other hand, in the Be case, although the $Λ$ particle(s) shrinks the $α$--$α$ distance, the breaking effect of the cluster structure is rather limited. The spin-orbit interaction is the driving force of breaking the $α$ clusters, and whether the glue-like effect of $Λ$ particle(s) attracts the cluster inside the range of this interaction is crucial. In $^{14}_{ΛΛ}$C, the breaking of $α$ clusters in $^{12}$C is much enhanced by the addition of the $Λ$ particles than the case of free $^{12}$C. We also found that breaking $α$ clusters in the ground state of $^{14}_{ΛΛ}$C affects the excited state with the pure cluster structure.
Transmission of livestock-associated MRSA to humans via poultry meat is possible, but the risk is low
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: livestock-associated MRSA
subject: Staphylococcus (S.) aureus
subject: methicillin-resistant
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C5232
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C13661

description: Staphylococcus (S.) aureus is a widespread bacterium that colonises the skin and mucous membranes of humans and animals. Around 30% of all people carry S. aureus on their skin and/or in their mucous membranes. This colonisation generally goes unnoticed. S. aureus is, however, also frequently involved in inflammation of the skin and/or soft tissue. The methicillin- resistant variant of S. aureus (MRSA) is resistant to all so-called beta-lactam antimicrobials, in other words penicillins and cephalosporins. These bacteria frequently also exhibit resistance to other classes of antimicrobials. MRSA is also detected in livestock and food. However, clinical data show that the strains found in livestock ("livestock-associated" MRSA, LA-MRSA for short) are currently of only secondary importance for infections in humans. The exception are people who have frequent contact with livestock (livestock professionals such as farmers and vets). They can be carriers of LA-MRSA. Transmission of LA-MRSA to humans via food is something that had not been observed before. Based on the findings of a research cooperation, scientists from the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) and the Statens Serum Institute (SSI) in Copenhagen (Denmark) conclude that it is possible for a certain type of LA-MRSA to be transmitted to humans via poultry meat. Previously, few cases of human infection with this type of LA-MRSA (so-called CC9/CC398) had been described in Denmark. On the whole, however, the BfR still assesses the risk of LAMRSA transmission to humans as a result of contact with or consumption of (raw) poultry meat as low. Link: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/transmission-of-livestock-associated-mrsa-to-humans-via-poultry-meat-is-possible-but-the-risk-is-low.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Physical Properties of Emission-Line Galaxies at z ~ 2 from Near-Infrared Spectroscopy with Magellan FIRE
Creators: name: Masters, Daniel
name: McCarthy, Patrick
name: Siana, Brian
name: Malkan, Matthew
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Atek, Hakim
name: Henry, Alaina
name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Rafelski, Marc
name: Hathi, Nimish P.
name: Scarlata, Claudia
name: Ross, Nathaniel R.
name: Bunker, Andrew J.
name: Blanc, Guillermo A.
name: Bedregal, Alejandro G.
name: Dominguez, Alberto
name: Colbert, James
name: Teplitz, Harry
name: Dressler, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from near-infrared spectroscopy of 26 emission-line galaxies at z ~ 2 obtained with the FIRE spectrometer on the Magellan Baade telescope. The sample was selected from the WISP survey, which uses the near-infrared grism of the Hubble Space Telescope Wide Field Camera 3 to detect emission-line galaxies over 0.3 < z < 2.3. Our FIRE follow-up spectroscopy (R~5000) over 1.0-2.5 micron permits detailed measurements of physical properties of the z~2 emission-line galaxies. Dust-corrected star formation rates for the sample range from ~5-100 M_sun yr-1. We derive a median metallicity for the sample of ~0.45 Z_sun, and the estimated stellar masses range from ~10^8.5 - 10^9.5 M_sun. The average ionization parameters measured for the sample are typically much higher than what is found for local star-forming galaxies. We derive composite spectra from the FIRE sample, from which we infer typical nebular electron densities of ~100-400 cm^-3. Based on the location of the galaxies and composite spectra on BPT diagrams, we do not find evidence for significant AGN activity in the sample. Most of the galaxies as well as the composites are offset in the BPT diagram toward higher [O III]/H-beta at a given [N II]/H-alpha, in agreement with other observations of z > 1 star-forming galaxies, but composite spectra derived from the sample do not show an appreciable offset from the local star-forming sequence on the [O III]/H-beta versus [S II]/H-alpha diagram. We infer a high nitrogen-to-oxygen abundance ratio from the composite spectrum, which may contribute to the offset of the high-redshift galaxies from the local star-forming sequence in the [O III]/H-beta versus [N II]/H-alpha diagram. We speculate that the elevated nitrogen abundance could result from substantial numbers of Wolf-Rayet stars in starbursting galaxies at z~2. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Study of variability in long-term multiwavelength optical lightcurves of blazar AO 0235+164
Creators: name: Roy, Abhradeep
name: Gupta, Alok C.
name: Chitnis, Varsha R.
name: Cellone, Sergio A.
name: Raiteri, Claudia M.
name: Romero, Gustavo E.
name: Wiita, Paul J.
name: Chatterjee, Anshu
name: Combi, Jorge A.
name: Liao, Mai
name: Sarkar, Arkadipta
name: Villata, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a long-term and intraday variability study on optical multiwaveband ($U\!BV\!RI$) data from the blazar AO 0235+164 collected by various telescopes for $\sim$44 years (1975--2019). The blazar was found to be significantly variable over the years in all wavebands with a variation of about six magnitudes between its low and active states. The variations in the different wavebands are highly correlated without any time lag. We did not observe any significant trend in color variation with time, but we observed a bluer-when-brighter trend between the $B-I$ color index and the $R$-magnitude. Optical $BV\!R$-band spectral energy distributions always show a convex shape. Significant intraday variability was frequently seen in the quasi-simultaneous observations of AO\,0235+164 made on 22 nights in $R$ and $V$-bands by the CASLEO and CAHA telescopes during 1999--2019. We also estimated the central supermassive black-hole mass of $7.9\times10^7 M_{\odot}$ by analyzing the broad Mg II emission line in AO 0235+164's spectrum. We briefly explore the probable physical scenarios responsible for the observed variability.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series (ApJS)
Theoretical study on the kinetics of the reactions of hydrogen atom, methyl radical with methanethiol and ethanethiol
Creators: name: Shi, Gai
name: Song, Jinou
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: An exhaustive and theoretical analysis for the CH3SH + H, CH3SH + CH3·, CH3CH2SH + H and CH3CH2SH + CH3· reactions has been examined using quantum chemistry theory. The potential energy surface was obtained by the CCSD(T)/CBS//M06-2X/cc-pVTZ level of theory. The overall rate coefficients have been analysed and the energetics and reaction enthalpies were also calculated. Three kinds of reaction channels have been analysed: hydrogen abstraction, SH-transfer and CH3-transfer. The calculated kinetics demonstrate that the hydrogen abstraction from the –SH group are major channels at low-temperature region (less than 1000 K). The SH-transfer channels become a competitive reaction channels with the increase in temperature.
title: Investigating the heterogeneity in adipose tissue obtained from Zucker rats and CAD participants
Creators: name: Ige, Susan Oluwayemisi
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2022

description: Adipose tissue heterogeneity may contribute to the different metabolic consequences associated 
with increased adipose tissue mass in obesity. 
Hypothesis: Adipose tissue depots differ in cellularity and gene expression profiles and will 
respond to obesity, exercise training and chronic psychological stress differentially.
Methods: Visceral and pericardial adipose tissues were isolated from 8-9 weeks old male Zucker 
rats after training on treadmill and/or exposed to environmental stressors for 8 weeks. The 
human pericardial adipose tissue was isolated from coronary artery bypass graft surgery 
participants. The metabolic and inflammatory status of the adipose tissue were analysed by 
morphological and quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses.
Results: Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) of the obese Zucker rats (OZR) exhibited hypertrophic
mechanism of expansion with an elevated expression of UCP1 when compared to the lean 
littermates. Pericardial adipose tissue (PAT) of OZR contained smaller adipocytes but with an 
excess collagen accumulation. In response to the experimental protocols, stress significantly 
reduced collagen accumulation in obese PAT with no effects on the VAT morphology. The lean 
VAT significantly expressed PGC1-α with reduced adipocyte size in response to the combination 
of stress and exercise interventions. Both stress and stress+exercise significantly reduced the 
expression of TNF-α in the lean PAT only. Exercise had an opposing effect on the expression of 
IRS-1 mRNA in both adipose depots of the lean and obese rats. There was no change in human 
pericardial adipocyte size but the expression of CD68 mRNA and TNF-α mRNA in human PAT were
reduced.
Conclusion: PAT, not VAT, may be an important predictor for metabolic disorder in obese rats. 
The clinical results demonstrated that PAT through the reduced macrophage population and 
inflammation may exert beneficial effects on the cardiac tissue in obesity.
CLASH: Extending galaxy strong lensing to small physical scales with distant sources highly-magnified by galaxy cluster members
Creators: name: Grillo, C.
name: Gobat, R.
name: Presotto, V.
name: Balestra, I.
name: Mercurio, A.
name: Rosati, P.
name: Nonino, M.
name: Vanzella, E.
name: Christensen, L.
name: Graves, G.
name: Biviano, A.
name: Lemze, D.
name: Bartelmann, M.
name: Benitez, N.
name: Bouwens, R.
name: Bradley, L.
name: Broadhurst, T.
name: Coe, D.
name: Donahue, M.
name: Ford, H.
name: Infante, L.
name: Jouvel, S.
name: Kelson, D.
name: Koekemoer, A.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Medezinski, E.
name: Melchior, P.
name: Meneghetti, M.
name: Merten, J.
name: Molino, A.
name: Monna, A.
name: Moustakas, J.
name: Moustakas, L. A.
name: Postman, M.
name: Seitz, S.
name: Umetsu, K.
name: Zheng, W.
name: Zitrin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a strong lensing system in which a double source is imaged 5 times by 2 early-type galaxies. We take advantage in this target of the multi-band photometry obtained as part of the CLASH program, complemented by the spectroscopic data of the VLT/VIMOS and FORS2 follow-up campaign. We use a photometric redshift of 3.7 for the source and confirm spectroscopically the membership of the 2 lenses to the galaxy cluster MACS J1206.2-0847 at redshift 0.44. We exploit the excellent angular resolution of the HST/ACS images to model the 2 lenses in terms of singular isothermal sphere profiles and derive robust effective velocity dispersions of (97 +/- 3) and (240 +/- 6) km/s. The total mass distribution of the cluster is also well characterized by using only the local information contained in this lensing system, that is located at a projected distance of more than 300 kpc from the cluster luminosity center. According to our best-fitting lensing and composite stellar population models, the source is magnified by a total factor of 50 and has a luminous mass of about (1.0 +/- 0.5) x 10^{9} M_{Sun}. By combining the total and luminous mass estimates of the 2 lenses, we measure luminous over total mass fractions projected within the effective radii of 0.51 +/- 0.21 and 0.80 +/- 0.32. With these lenses we can extend the analysis of the mass properties of lens early-type galaxies by factors that are about 2 and 3 times smaller than previously done with regard to, respectively, velocity dispersion and luminous mass. The comparison of the total and luminous quantities of our lenses with those of astrophysical objects with different physical scales reveals the potential of studies of this kind for investigating the internal structure of galaxies. These studies, made possible thanks to the CLASH survey, will allow us to go beyond the current limits posed by the available lens samples in the field.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Accurate Ground State Energies of Solids and Molecules from Time Dependent Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Olsen, Thomas
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that ground state energies approaching chemical accuracy can be obtained by combining the adiabatic connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem (ACFDT) with time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT). The key ingredient is a renormalization scheme, which eliminates the divergence of the correlation hole characteristic of any local kernel. This new class of renormalized kernels gives a significantly better description of the short-range correlations in covalent bonds compared to the random phase approximation (RPA) and yields a four fold improvement of RPA binding energies in both molecules and solids. We also consider examples of barrier heights in chemical reactions, molecular adsorption and graphene interacting with metal surfaces, which are three examples where RPA has been successful. In these cases, the renormalized kernel provides results that are of equal quality or even slightly better than RPA, with a similar computational cost.
description: Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett. Supplementary material included as appendix
Centre-of-mass motion in multi-particle Schroedinger-Newton dynamics
Creators: name: Giulini, Domenico
name: Grossardt, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q40, 83C45

description: We investigate the implication of the non-linear and non-local multi-particle Schroedinger-Newton equation for the motion of the mass centre of an extended multi-particle object, giving self-contained and comprehensible derivations. In particular, we discuss two opposite limiting cases. In the first case, the width of the centre-of-mass wave packet is assumed much larger than the actual extent of the object, in the second case it is assumed much smaller. Both cases result in non-linear deviations from ordinary free Schroedinger evolution for the centre of mass. On a general conceptual level we include some discussion in order to clarify the physical basis and intention for studying the Schroedinger-Newton equation.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
A Gaian Habitable Zone
Creators: name: Arthur, Rudy
name: Nicholson, Arwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: When searching for inhabited exoplanets, understanding the boundaries of the habitable zone around the parent star is key. If life can strongly influence its global environment, then we would expect the boundaries of the habitable zone to be influenced by the presence of life. Here using a simple abstract model of `tangled-ecology' where life can influence a global parameter, labelled as temperature, we investigate the boundaries of the habitable zone of our model system. As with other models of life-climate interactions, the species act to regulate the temperature. However, the system can also experience `punctuations', where the system's state jumps between different equilibria. Despite this, an ensemble of systems still tends to sustain or even improve conditions for life on average, a feature we call Entropic Gaia. The mechanism behind this is sequential selection with memory which is discussed in detail. With this modelling framework we investigate questions about how Gaia can affect and ultimately extend the habitable zone to what we call the Gaian habitable zone. This generates concrete predictions for the size of the habitable zone around stars, suggests directions for future work on the simulation of exoplanets and provides insight into the Gaian bottleneck hypothesis and the habitability/inhabitance paradox.
Improving the kinematics for low-x QCD evolution equations in coordinate space
Creators: name: Beuf, Guillaume
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-energy evolution equations, such as the BFKL, BK or JIMWLK equations, aim at resumming the high-energy (next-to-)leading logarithms appearing in QCD perturbative series. However, the standard derivations of those equations are performed in a strict high-energy limit, whereas such equations are then applied to scattering processes at large but finite energies. For that reason, there is typically a slight mismatch between the leading logs resummed by those evolution equations without finite-energy corrections and the leading logs actually present in the perturbative expansion of any observable. That mismatch is one of the sources of large corrections at NLO and NLL accuracy. In the case of the BFKL equation in momentum space, that problem is solved by including a kinematical constraint in the kernel, which is the most important finite-energy correction. In this paper, such an improvement of kinematics is performed in mixed-space (transverse positions and $k^+$) and with a factorization scheme in the light-cone momentum $k^+$ (in a frame in which the projectile is right-moving and the target left-moving). This is the usual choice of variables and factorization scheme for the the BK equation. A kinematically improved version of the BK equation is provided, consistent at finite energies. The results presented here are also a necessary step towards having the high energy limit of QCD (including gluon saturation) quantitatively under control beyond strict leading logarithmic accuracy.
description: 42 pages, 4 figures
Identifying Keystone Species in the Human Gut Microbiome from Metagenomic Timeseries using Sparse Linear Regression
Creators: name: Fisher, Charles K.
name: Mehta, Pankaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Human associated microbial communities exert tremendous influence over human health and disease. With modern metagenomic sequencing methods it is possible to follow the relative abundance of microbes in a community over time. These microbial communities exhibit rich ecological dynamics and an important goal of microbial ecology is to infer the interactions between species from sequence data. Any algorithm for inferring species interactions must overcome three obstacles: 1) a correlation between the abundances of two species does not imply that those species are interacting, 2) the sum constraint on the relative abundances obtained from metagenomic studies makes it difficult to infer the parameters in timeseries models, and 3) errors due to experimental uncertainty, or mis-assignment of sequencing reads into operational taxonomic units, bias inferences of species interactions. Here we introduce an approach, Learning Interactions from MIcrobial Time Series (LIMITS), that overcomes these obstacles. LIMITS uses sparse linear regression with boostrap aggregation to infer a discrete-time Lotka-Volterra model for microbial dynamics. We tested LIMITS on synthetic data and showed that it could reliably infer the topology of the inter-species ecological interactions. We then used LIMITS to characterize the species interactions in the gut microbiomes of two individuals and found that the interaction networks varied significantly between individuals. Furthermore, we found that the interaction networks of the two individuals are dominated by distinct "keystone species", Bacteroides fragilis and Bacteroided stercosis, that have a disproportionate influence on the structure of the gut microbiome even though they are only found in moderate abundance. Based on our results, we hypothesize that the abundances of certain keystone species may be responsible for individuality in the human gut microbiome.
Updated assessment of health risks posed by longer-term consumption of foods contaminated with fipronil
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: fipronil
subject: exposure
subject: consumption
subject: acceptable daily intake
subject: ADI
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C24342

description: In accordance with the latest available information, the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR) is assuming that illegal applications of products containing fipronil would appear to have been carried out over an extended period of time. For this reason, the longer term consumption of foods containing fipronil is given due consideration when assessing the risks. An average daily intake level was determined for this updated estimation. As the estimation of the risk to consumers continues to be made on the basis of the available data with a number of very conservative assumptions, the expected actual exposure of consumers should lie well below the exposures estimated here. Based on German and European consumption data (NVS II Model and EFSA PRIMo (Ver.2)), the ADI (0.0002 milligrams (mg) per kilogram (kg) body weight and day) is not exceeded in the updated assessment for any of the observed consumer groups through the consumption of chicken eggs and chicken meat containing fipronil, including all foods prepared from them. With regard to the current fipronil situation, utilisation rates of the ADI of 6.2% and 2.4% were calculated for children and adults respectively from the consumption data for the German population. ADI utilisation rates of up to 7.8% were established for the various European consumer groups. ADI stands for Acceptable Daily Intake and indicates the quantity of a substance which consumers can ingest every day of their lives without any recognisable health risk. As the updated estimation of the risk to consumers posed by the consumption of chicken eggs and chicken meat containing fipronil, including all foods made from them, showed no exceedance of the acceptable daily intake levels over an entire lifetime, a health hazard is unlikely. Link: https://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/updated-assessment-of-the-health-risks-posed-by-longer-term-consumption-of-foods-containing-fipronil.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Small errors, fatal consequences: Why kitchen hygiene is not only important in canteens and restaurants but also at home
Creators: name: German Federal Institute For Risk Assessment (BfR)
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: kitchen hygiene
subject: food-borne infection
subject: outbreak
subject: Campylobacter
subject: Listeria monocytogenes
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C1142
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C89
subject: http://id.agrisemantics.org/gacs/C3638

description: In Germany, every year more than 100,000 cases of illness are statistically recorded whose pathogen can be transferred via food. These reported cases are only the tip of the iceberg, however, as the actual number is estimated to be well over a million. The majority of infections are probably caused by food and for this reason, the proper handling of food in communal catering facilities and restaurants as well as at home is of high importance for avoiding food-borne infections. It is not only about relatively minor gastrointestinal illnesses like selflimiting diarrhoea. In particular among persons from risk groups (small children, expectant mothers, very old people or people whose immune system has been weakened by previous illness), a food-borne infection can also be severe, cause lasting damage and even prove fatal under certain circumstances. The improvement of kitchen hygiene is therefore a matter of vital importance for the German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR). Link: http://www.bfr.bund.de/cm/349/small-errors-fatal-consequences-why-kitchen-hygiene-is-not-only-important-in-canteens-and-restaurants-but-also-at-home.pdf
description: DE; PDF; efsa-focal-point@bfr.bund.de
Orbital analysis of the Pluto-Charon moon system's mutual interactions and forced frequencies
Creators: name: Gakis, Dionysios
name: Gourgouliatos, Konstantinos N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The orbits of the four small moons in the Pluto-Charon system, Styx, Nix, Kerberos and Hydra, are circumbinary, as the former form a binary dwarf planet. Consequently, the orbit of each one of them is characterized by a number of frequencies, arising by the central binary and the mutual gravitational interactions. Aims. In this work, we identify the most prominent of these forced frequencies using Fast Fourier Transformations. Methods. Two methods are implemented, a semi-analytic and a numerical one, and comparisons are being made. Results. The results indicate that as a first approximation, moon orbits may well be modelled as the superposition of a series of inevitable oscillations, induced by Pluto and Charon, deviating from circular ones, even if the eccentricity is set to zero. Moreover, the mutual gravitational effects are significant in their long term evolution, especially for the lighter moons Styx and Kerberos, activating modes that dominate the low-frequency region of the power spectrum. This becomes evident through the comparison of simulations where only one moon is included along with the binary dwarf planet and simulations of the entire six-body system. These modes become noticeable over long integration times and may affect the orbits of the lighter moons of the system.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
WIYN Open Cluster Study. LXXXVII. HST Ultraviolet Detection of Hot White Dwarf Companions to Blue Lurkers in M67
Creators: name: Nine, Andrew C.
name: Mathieu, Robert D.
name: Gosnell, Natalie M.
name: Leiner, Emily M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our Hubble Space Telescope far-ultraviolet survey of the blue lurkers (BLs) in M67. We find evidence for two white dwarf companions among the BLs that are indicative of mass transfer from an evolved companion, one in WOCS 14020 and the other in WOCS 3001. The cooling ages of the white dwarfs suggest that mass transfer in these systems occurred $\sim$300--540 Myr and $\sim$600--900 Myr ago, respectively. The rotation periods and cooling ages of the BLs are consistent with spin-up and subsequent single-star spin-down models, and binary evolution models yield plausible evolutionary pathways to both BLs via highly non-conservative mass transfer. We conclude that the BLs are lower-luminosity analogues to the classical blue stragglers.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Accepted to ApJ
Impact of Secondary Acceleration in Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Winter, Walter
name: Tjus, Julia Becker
name: Klein, Spencer R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the acceleration of secondary muons, pions, and kaons in gamma-ray bursts within the internal shock scenario, and their impact on the neutrino fluxes. We introduce a two-zone model consisting of an acceleration zone (the shocks) and a radiation zone (the plasma downstream the shocks). The acceleration in the shocks, which is an unavoidable consequence of the efficient proton acceleration, requires efficient transport from the radiation back to the acceleration zone. On the other hand, stochastic acceleration in the radiation zone can enhance the secondary spectra of muons and kaons significantly if there is a sufficiently large turbulent region. Overall, it is plausible that neutrino spectra can be enhanced by up to a factor of two at the peak by stochastic acceleration, that an additional spectral peaks appears from shock acceleration of the secondary muons and pions, and that the neutrino production from kaon decays is enhanced. Depending on the GRB parameters, the general conclusions concerning the limits to the internal shock scenario obtained by recent IceCube and ANTARES analyses may be affected by up to a factor of two by secondary acceleration. Most of the changes occur at energies above 10^7 GeV, so the effects for next-generation radio-detection experiments will be more pronounced. In the future, however, if GRBs are detected as high-energy neutrino sources, the detection of one or several pronounced peaks around 10^6 GeV or higher energies could help to derive the basic properties of the magnetic field strength in the GRB.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
A Brief History of Web Crawlers
Creators: name: Mirtaheri, Seyed M.
name: Dinçktürk, Mustafa Emre
name: Hooshmand, Salman
name: Bochmann, Gregor V.
name: Jourdan, Guy-Vincent
name: Onut, Iosif Viorel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.1; D.2.5

description: Web crawlers visit internet applications, collect data, and learn about new web pages from visited pages. Web crawlers have a long and interesting history. Early web crawlers collected statistics about the web. In addition to collecting statistics about the web and indexing the applications for search engines, modern crawlers can be used to perform accessibility and vulnerability checks on the application. Quick expansion of the web, and the complexity added to web applications have made the process of crawling a very challenging one. Throughout the history of web crawling many researchers and industrial groups addressed different issues and challenges that web crawlers face. Different solutions have been proposed to reduce the time and cost of crawling. Performing an exhaustive crawl is a challenging question. Additionally capturing the model of a modern web application and extracting data from it automatically is another open question. What follows is a brief history of different technique and algorithms used from the early days of crawling up to the recent days. We introduce criteria to evaluate the relative performance of web crawlers. Based on these criteria we plot the evolution of web crawlers and compare their performance
Ramond-Ramond S-matrix elements from T-dual Ward identity
Creators: name: Velni, Komeil Babaei
name: Garousi, Mohammad R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been speculated that the Ward identities associated with the string dualities and the gauge symmetries can be used as guiding principles to find all components of the scattering amplitude of $n$ supergravitons from a given component of the S-matrix. In this paper, we apply the Ward identities associated with the T-duality and the gauge symmetries on the disk-level S-matrix element of one RR $(p-3)$-form, one NSNS and one NS states, to find the corresponding S-matrix elements of the RR $(p-1)$-form, $(p+1)$-form or the RR$(p+3)$-form on the world volume of a D$_p$-brane. Moreover, we apply these Ward identities on the S-matrix element of one RR $(p-3)$-form and two NSNS states to find the corresponding S-matrix elements of the RR $(p-1)$-form, $(p+1)$-form, $(p+3)$-form or the RR $(p+5)$-form.
description: 40 pages, Latex file, no figure
GOALS-JWST: Pulling Back the Curtain on the AGN and Star Formation in VV 114
Creators: name: Rich, J.
name: Aalto, S.
name: Evans, A. S.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Privon, G. C.
name: Lai, T.
name: Inami, H.
name: Linden, S.
name: Armus, L.
name: Diaz-Santos, T.
name: Appleton, P.
name: Barcos-Muñoz, L.
name: Böker, T.
name: Larson, K. L.
name: Law, D. R.
name: Malkan, M. A.
name: Medling, A. M.
name: Song, Y.
name: U, V.
name: van der Werf, P.
name: Bohn, T.
name: Brown, M. J. I.
name: Finnerty, L.
name: Hayward, C.
name: Howell, J.
name: Iwasawa, K.
name: Kemper, F.
name: Marshall, J.
name: Mazzarella, J. M.
name: McKinney, J.
name: Muller-Sanchez, F.
name: Murphy, E. J.
name: Sanders, D.
name: Soifer, B. T.
name: Stierwalt, S.
name: Surace, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) Director's Discretionary Time Early Release Science (ERS) program 1328 targeting the nearby, Luminous Infrared Galaxy (LIRG), VV 114. We use the MIRI and NIRSpec instruments to obtain integral-field spectroscopy of the heavily obscured Eastern nucleus (V114E) and surrounding regions. The spatially resolved, high-resolution, spectra reveal the physical conditions in the gas and dust over a projected area of 2-3 kpc that includes the two brightest IR sources, the NE and SW cores. Our observations show for the first time spectroscopic evidence that the SW core hosts an AGN as evidenced by its very low 6.2 μm and 3.3 μm PAH equivalent widths (0.12 and 0.017 μm respectively) and mid and near-IR colors. Our observations of the NE core show signs of deeply embedded star formation including absorption features due to aliphatic hydrocarbons, large quantities of amorphous silicates, as well as HCN due to cool gas along the line of sight. We detect elevated [Fe II]/Pfα consistent with extended shocks coincident with enhanced emission from warm H$_{2}$, far from the IR-bright cores and clumps. We also identify broadening and multiple kinematic components in both H$_{2}$ and fine structure lines caused by outflows and previously identified tidal features.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
IL NOSTRO IMPEGNO CONTRO L'INQUINAMENTO ATMOSFERICO ED ACUSTICO PER LA SALUTE E LA SICUREZZA DEI CITTADINI DI ROMA
Creators: name: Morelli, Rocco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011

description: Convegno Organizzato dall'Associazione Ambiente e Società
 
Breve panoramica dell'Associazione Ambiente e Società in base a dati oggettivi resi disponibili da diverse Istituzioni
 
Istituto  A. De Gasperi  Via Poli – Roma
31 Maggio 2011
Quartierspiegel Hard 2023
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Zentralbibliothek Zürich
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 314 Allgemeine Statistiken zu Europa
subject: 710 Städtebau, Raumplanung, Landschaftsgestaltung
subject: 949 Geschichte anderer Teile Europas
subject: Zürich-Hard
subject: Zürich-Aussersihl
subject: Quartier
subject: Amtliche Statistik
subject: Bevölkerungsstatistik

description: Das Quartier Hard wurde in seiner Entwicklung ebenso stark geprägt durch bedeutende Bauten des Strassen- und Schienenverkehrs wie durch zwei Grossprojekte des städtischen Wohnungsbaus, die aus Zürichs Skyline nicht mehr wegzudenken sind: die Überbauung Lochergut und die Türme der Wohnsiedlung Hardau.