cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ХРОНОЛОГИЯ ФГОС ВО И РОЛЬ КАФЕДРЫ В ИХ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ
Creators: name: НИКУЛИНА НАДЕЖДА НИКОЛАЕВНА
name: БЕРЕЗИНА СВЕТЛАНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: СУХОДОЕВА ЛЮДМИЛА ФЕДОРОВНА
name: УШАКОВ ИВАН ИВАНОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: HIGHER EDUCATION STANDARDS
INNOVATIVE MARKETING
EXCLUSIVITY OF PROGRAMS
CHRONOLOGY
DISTINCTIVE FEATURES
COMPETENT APPROACH
СТАНДАРТЫ ВЫСШЕГО ОБУЧЕНИЯ
ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ МАРКЕТИНГ
ЭКСКЛЮЗИВНОСТЬ ПРОГРАММ
ХРОНОЛОГИЯ
ОТЛИЧИТЕЛЬНЫЕ ЧЕРТЫ
КОМПЕТЕНТНОСТНЫЙ ПОДХОД

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы сущности и хронологии изменения Федерального стандарта высшего образования, выявлены отличительные оригинальные черты стандарта последнего, третьего поколения, охарактеризованы самостоятельные качественные компетенции. Проанализированы задачи и функции кафедры по использованию стандартов нового поколения. Охарактеризованы некоторые направления национального развития высшего образования до 2025 г. и повышения роли кафедр в цифровизации дистанционного обучения.The article deals with the issues of essence and chronology of changes in federal standard of higher education, reveals distinctive original features of the last third generation, characterizes independent qualitative competences. The tasks and functions of the department on using the standards of new generation are analyzed. Some directions of national development of higher education till 2025 and increase of a role of chairs in digitalization of distance learning are described.
Cellular-Connected UAV with Adaptive Air-to-Ground Interference Cancellation and Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Li, Peiming
name: Xie, Lifeng
name: Yao, Jianping
name: Xu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This letter studies a cellular-connected unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) scenario, in which a UAV user communicates with ground base stations (GBSs) in cellular uplink by sharing the spectrum with ground users (GUs). To deal with the severe air-to-ground (A2G) co-channel interference, we consider an adaptive interference cancellation (IC) approach, in which each GBS can decode the GU's messages by adaptively switching between the modes of IC (i.e., precanceling the UAV's resultant interference) and treating interference as noise (TIN). By designing the GBSs' decoding modes, jointly with the wireless resource allocation and the UAV's trajectory control, we maximize the UAV's data-rate throughput over a finite mission period, while ensuring the minimum data-rate requirements at individual GUs. We propose an efficient algorithm to solve the throughput maximization problem by using the techniques of alternating optimization and successive convex approximation (SCA). Numerical results show that our proposed design significantly improves the UAV's throughput as compared to the benchmark schemes without the adaptive IC and/or trajectory optimization.
description: Technical Report
title: Overcoming Conflicts of Objectives between Sensory and Mechanical Domain in the Development of Sensor-Integrating Machine Elements Using the Example of Bolts
Creators: name: Peters, Julian
name: Mirbach, Nathanael
name: Herbst, Felix
name: Riehl, David
name: Kupnik, Mario
name: Hofmann, Klaus
name: Matthiesen, Sven
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2024

description: Comprehensive data on machines is essential for digitization in the industry. Since standardized machine elements are used in most machines, integrating them with sensors provides the opportunity to acquire data comprehensively from in-situ. The sensor integration must not change the element’s core function and the standardized mechanical interfaces. Hence, sensors must be fully integrated and self-sufficient. Regarding bolts as widely used machine element, a solution that combines all the aforementioned requirements does not yet exist. A main problem in developing sensor integrating machine elements and especially bolts is to overcome the conflicting objectives in defining design space for mechanical and sensory functions. There is a lack of an approach to model the effects of the design space parameters on the mechanical and sensory functions. This paper proposes an optimization function to aid mechanical and electrical engineers in resolving conflicting objectives by balancing function fulfillment when determining design space parameters. Therefore, the effects of the parameters on the mechanical and sensory functions are modelled using FE-analysis and composing an optimization function with weights. This function provides optimal design space parameters. With respect to mountability boundary conditions the optimum for equal weights is at diameters 13.2mm both, increasing v. Mises stress by 29% and strain at sensor position by 80%. The location of the optimum is very dependent on proper weighting, which resembles a prioritization of the mechanical versus the sensory function fulfillment. This enables engineers to find optimal parameters by balancing the mechanical and the sensory function fulfillment.
Interfacial Stresses on Droplet Interface Bilayers Using Two Photon Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging Microscopy
Creators: name: Huang, Yaoqi
name: Suja, Vineeth Chandran
name: Yang, Menghao
name: Malkovskiy, Andrey V.
name: Tandon, Arnuv
name: Colom, Adai
name: Qin, Jian
name: Fuller, Gerald G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Response of lipid bilayers to external mechanical stimuli is an active area of research with implications for fundamental and synthetic cell biology. However, there is a lack of tools for systematically imposing mechanical strains and non-invasively mapping out interfacial (membrane) stress distributions on lipid bilayers. In this article, we report a miniature platform to manipulate model cell membranes in the form of droplet interface bilayers (DIBs), and non-invasively measure spatio-temporally resolved interfacial stresses using two photon fluorescence lifetime imaging of an interfacially active molecular flipper (Flipper-TR). We established the effectiveness of the developed framework by investigating interfacial stresses accompanying three key processes associated with DIBs: thin film drainage between lipid monolayer coated droplets, bilayer formation, and bilayer separation. Interestingly, the measurements also revealed fundamental aspects of DIBs including the existence of a radially decaying interfacial stress distribution post bilayer formation, and the simultaneous build up and decay of stress respectively at the bilayer corner and center during bilayer separation. Finally, utilizing interfacial rheology measurements and MD simulations, we also reveal that the tested molecular flipper is sensitive to membrane fluidity that changes with interfacial stress - expanding the scientific understanding of how molecular motors sense stress.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
СТРУКТУРА УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИНСТИТУТОМ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ В США
Creators: name: ПАВЛОВА НАТАЛИЯ АНАТОЛЬЕВНА
name: УЛЬЯНОВ ВИКТОР ПЕТРОВИЧ
name: НИКОЛАЕВ БОРИС ВИКТОРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: HIGHER EDUCATION
US UNIVERSITIES
MANAGEMENT OF THE INSTITUTION OF HIGHER EDUCATION
PRESIDENT (RECTOR) OF THE UNIVERSITY
ВЫСШЕЕ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
УНИВЕРСИТЕТЫ США
УПРАВЛЕНИЕ ИНСТИТУТОМ ВЫСШЕГО ОБРАЗОВАНИЯ
ПРЕЗИДЕНТ (РЕКТОР) УНИВЕРСИТЕТА

description: В статье рассматриваются основные тенденции изменения структуры управления высшими учебными заведениями в США. Особое внимание уделяется изменению статуса и функций попечительского совета, президента (ректора), провоста и других должностных лиц. Рассмотрена структура управления Пенсильванским университетом. Выявлются некоторые актуальные проблемы современной структуры управления российскими высшими учебными заведениями и возможности использования в этой связи североамериканского опыта.The article discusses the main trends in the management structure of higher education institutions in the United States. Particular attention is paid to changing the status and functions of the board of trustees, president (rector), provost and other officials. The governance structure of the University of Pennsylvania is reviewed. Some urgent problems of the modern management structure of Russian higher education institutions and the possibility of using the North American experience in this regard are revealed.
СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ ЛИЧНОСТИ КАК ОСНОВА ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ
Creators: name: СИТАРОВ ВЯЧЕСЛАВ АЛЕКСЕЕВИЧ
name: ПАШКОВ ВЛАДИМИР ИВАНОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: FORMATION
PERSONALITY
DIRECTIONS
FACTORS
CONDITIONS
VALUES
SPIRITUAL AND MORAL EDUCATION
LOVE
СТАНОВЛЕНИЕ
ЛИЧНОСТЬ
НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ
ФАКТОРЫ
УСЛОВИЯ
ЦЕННОСТИ
ДУХОВНО-НРАВСТВЕННОЕ ВОСПИТАНИЕ
ЛЮБОВЬ

description: В статье говорится о факторах духовно-нравственного становления личности, отмечается значимость истинных духовных ценностей для человека, подчеркиваются ценность и уникальность личности. Излагаются условия становления личности. Личность должна осознавать себя, свои поступки и показывать доброе поведение людям.The article discusses the factors of spiritual and moral development of the individual, notes the significance of true spiritual values for a person, emphasizes the value and uniqueness of the individual. The article describes the conditions for the formation of an individual. The person must be aware of himself, his actions and show good behavior to people.
QUIJOTE Scientific Results -- XVII. Studying the Anomalous Microwave Emission in the Andromeda Galaxy with QUIJOTE-MFI
Creators: name: Fernández-Torreiro, M.
name: Génova-Santos, R. T.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: López-Caraballo, C. H.
name: Peel, M. W.
name: Arce-Tord, C.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Artal, E.
name: Ashdown, M.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Casas, F. J.
name: de la Hoz, E.
name: Guidi, F.
name: Herranz, D.
name: Hoyland, R.
name: Lasenby, A.
name: Martínez-Gonzalez, E.
name: Piccirillo, L.
name: Poidevin, F.
name: Ruiz-Granados, B.
name: Tramonte, D.
name: Vansyngel, F.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Watson, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Andromeda Galaxy (M31) is the Local Group galaxy that is most similar to the Milky Way (MW). The similarities between the two galaxies make M31 useful for studying integrated properties common to spiral galaxies. We use the data from the recent QUIJOTE-MFI Wide Survey, together with new raster observations focused on M31, to study its integrated emission. The addition of raster data improves the sensitivity of QUIJOTE-MFI maps by almost a factor 3. Our main interest is to confirm if anomalous microwave emission (AME) is present in M31, as previous studies have suggested. To do so, we built the integrated spectral energy distribution of M31 between 0.408 and 3000 GHz. We then performed a component separation analysis taking into account synchrotron, free-free, AME and thermal dust components. AME in M31 is modelled as a log-normal distribution with maximum amplitude, $A_{\rm AME}$, equal to $1.03\pm0.32$ Jy. It peaks at $ν_{\rm AME}=17.2\pm3.2$ GHz with a width of $W_{\rm AME}=0.58\pm0.16$. Both the Akaike and Bayesian Information Criteria find the model without AME to be less than 1 % as probable as the one taking AME into consideration. We find that the AME emissivity per 100 $μ$m intensity in M31 is $ε_{\rm AME}^{\rm 28.4\,GHz}=9.6\pm3.1$ $μ$K/(MJy/sr), similar to that computed for the MW. We also provide the first upper limits for the AME polarization fraction in an extragalactic object. M31 remains the only galaxy where an AME measurement has been made of its integrated spectrum.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. QUIJOTE data maps available at https://research.iac.es/proyecto/quijote
Frailty and health service use in rural South Australia
Creators: name: Dent, Elsa
name: Beilby, Justin
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: Background: Frailty is a common geriatric condition, well known to contribute to morbidity and mortality. What is not yet well articulated in the literature is the health service use of frail older people in rural areas. This study investigated the impact of frailty on health service use in rural South Australia. Methods: This secondary cross-sectional analysis included people aged ≥65 years from the LINKIN health census in Port Lincoln. Frailty was classified using a Frailty Index (FI) score ≥0.25. Health service use was determined by patient questionnaire. All regression analyses controlled for age, gender and education level. Results: 1501 people [mean (SD) age. =. 75.9 (7.9)] years were included. Frailty prevalence was 25%, with this prevalence higher in females (29%) than in males (21%). Compared with their non-frail peers, frail adults were more likely to have consulted health providers, including: general practitioners (GPs) (odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI. =. 2.09, 1.24-3.53); physiotherapists (OR, CI. =. 2.42, 1.80-3.25); mental health providers (OR, CI. =. 2.88, 1.42-5.85); community nurses (OR, CI. =. 2.57, 1.73-3.82); and dieticians (OR, CI. =. 2.77, 1.77-4.48). They were also more likely to have visited a health professional prior to a problem occurring (OR, CI. =. 1.51, 1.08-2.11), travelled to the city for a specialist appointment (OR, CI. =. 1.53, 1.11-2.11), and to have been hospitalised in the previous 12 months (OR, CI. =. 2.39, 1.74-3.29). Conclusion: Frail older adults were more likely to use several health services, yet often had unmet needs in their health care.
First Predicted Cosmic Ray Spectra, Primary-to-Secondary Ratios, and Ionization Rates from MHD Galaxy Formation Simulations
Creators: name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Butsky, Iryna S.
name: Panopoulou, Georgia V.
name: Ji, Suoqing
name: Quataert, Eliot
name: Faucher-Giguere, Claude-Andre
name: Keres, Dusan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first simulations evolving resolved spectra of cosmic rays (CRs) from MeV-TeV energies (including electrons, positrons, (anti)protons, and heavier nuclei), in live kinetic-MHD galaxy simulations with star formation and feedback. We utilize new numerical methods including terms often neglected in historical models, comparing Milky Way analogues with phenomenological scattering coefficients $ν$ to Solar-neighborhood (LISM) observations (spectra, B/C, $e^{+}/e^{-}$, $\bar{p}/p$, $^{10}$Be/$^{9}$Be, ionization, $γ$-rays). We show it is possible to reproduce observations with simple single-power-law injection and scattering coefficients (scaling with rigidity $R$), similar to previous (non-dynamical) calculations. We also find: (1) The circum-galactic medium in realistic galaxies necessarily imposes a $\sim10\,$kpc CR scattering halo, influencing the required $ν(R)$. (2) Increasing the normalization of $ν(R)$ re-normalizes CR secondary spectra but also changes primary spectral slopes, owing to source distribution and loss effects. (3) Diffusive/turbulent reacceleration is unimportant and generally sub-dominant to gyroresonant/streaming losses, which are sub-dominant to adiabatic/convective terms dominated by $\sim0.1-1\,$kpc turbulent/fountain motions. (4) CR spectra vary considerably across galaxies; certain features can arise from local structure rather than transport physics. (5) Systematic variation in CR ionization rates between LISM and molecular clouds (or Galactic position) arises naturally without invoking alternative sources. (6) Abundances of CNO nuclei require most CR acceleration occurs around when reverse shocks form in SNe, not in OB wind bubbles or later Sedov-Taylor stages of SNe remnants.
description: 25 pages main text + 18 pages appendices, 19 figures. Revised to match accepted MNRAS version. Conclusions unchanged, but extensive appendices added describing CR drift velocities and loss/residence times, numerical methods and tests, different model variations, and validation of magnetic field properties
Frailty Combined with Loneliness or Social Isolation: An Elevated Risk for Mortality in Later Life
Creators: name: Dent, Elsa
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Frailty, loneliness, and social isolation are all associated with adverse outcomes in older adults, but little is known about their combined impact on mortality. DESIGN: Prospective cohort study. SETTING: The Longitudinal Aging Study Amsterdam. PARTICIPANTS: Community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and older (n = 1,427). MEASUREMENTS: Frailty was measured with the frailty phenotype (Fried criteria). Loneliness was assessed with the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. Social isolation was operationalized using information on partner status, social support, and network size. Two categorical variables were created, for each possible combination regarding frailty and loneliness (FL) and frailty and social isolation (FS), respectively. Mortality was monitored over a period of 22 years (1995–2017). Survival curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to study the effects of the FL and FS combinations on mortality. Analyses were adjusted for sociodemographic factors, depression, chronic diseases, and smoking. RESULTS: Frailty prevalence was 13%, and 5.9% of the sample were frail and lonely, and 6.2% frail and socially isolated. In fully adjusted models, older adults who were only frail had a higher risk of mortality compared with people without any of the conditions (hazard ratio [HR] range = 1.40–1.48; P <.01). However, the highest risk of mortality was observed in people with a combined presence of frailty and loneliness or social isolation (HRFL = 1.83; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.42–2.37; HRFS = 1.77; 95% CI = 1.36–2.30). Sensitivity analyses using a frailty index based on the deficit accumulation approach instead of the frailty phenotype showed similar results, confirming the robustness of our findings. CONCLUSION: Frail older adults are at increased risk of mortality, but this risk is even higher for those who are also lonely or socially isolated. To optimize well-being and health outcomes in physically frail older adults, targeted interventions focusing on both subjective and objective social vulnerability are needed.
ИНФОРМАТИЗАЦИЯ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНОГО ПРОЦЕССА ПРИ ИЗУЧЕНИИ ДИСЦИПЛИН «ХИМИЯ» И «МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ» В ВУЗЕ
Creators: name: ТВЕРДЫНИН НИКОЛАЙ МИХАЙЛОВИЧ
name: ШАРИФУЛЛИНА ЛИЛИЯ РИНАТОВНА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ОБРАЗОВАНИЕ
ХИМИЯ
МАТЕРИАЛОВЕДЕНИЕ
МЕЖПРЕДМЕТНЫЕ СВЯЗИ
ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЕ ТЕХНОЛОГИИ
ЦИФРОВЫЕ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫЕ РЕСУРСЫ
EDUCATION
CHEMISTRY
MATERIALS SCIENCE
INTERDISCIPLINARY COMMUNICATION
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY
DIGITAL EDUCATIONAL RESOURCES

description: В статье рассматриваются вопросы, связанные с особенностями применения информационных технологий во взаимосвязанных сегментах образовательного пространства дисциплин «Химия» и «Материаловедение». Показано, что создание предметно-ориентированных цифровых образовательных ресурсов позволяет значительно активизировать межпредметные связи и качественно улучшить учебный процесс. Рассмотрены положительные и отрицательные аспекты использования информационно-коммуникационных технологий в процессе обучения.The article deals with the issues related to the peculiarities of the use of information technologies in the interrelated segments of the educational space disciplines “Chemistry" and “Materials Science". It is shown that the creation of subject-oriented digital educational resources can significantly enhance interdisciplinary communication and improve the educational process. Both positive and negative aspects of the use of information and communication technologies in the learning process are considered.
Plasmonic sensing using Babinet's principle
Creators: name: Riley, Joseph Arnold
name: Horák, Michal
name: Křápek, Vlastimil
name: Healy, Noel
name: Pacheco-Peña, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing methods to sense local variations in nearby materials, such as their refractive index and thickness, is important in different fields including chemistry and biomedical applications, among others. Localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excited in plasmonic nanostructures have demonstrated to be useful in this context due to the spectral location of their associated resonances being sensitive to changes near the plasmonic structures. In this manuscript, Babinet's principle is explored by exploiting LSP resonances excited in complementary metal-dielectric cylindrical plasmonic structures (plasmonic particle-dimers and aperture-dimers in our case). Both plasmonic structures are evaluated numerically and experimentally using Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS), providing a full physical understanding of the complementary nature of the excited LSP resonances. The studied plasmonic structures are then exploited for dielectric sensing under two configurations: when a thin dielectric film is positioned atop the plasmonic structures and when the analyte surrounds/fills the plasmonic particles/apertures. The complementary sensing performance of both proposed structures is also evaluated, showing the approximate validity of the Babinet principle with sensitivities values of up to 700 nm/RIU for thin dielectric sensing.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
A Dynamical Potential-Density Pair for Star Clusters With Nearly Isothermal Interiors
Creators: name: Stone, Nicholas C.
name: Ostriker, Jeremiah P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a potential-density pair designed to model nearly isothermal star clusters (and similar self-gravitating systems) with a central core and an outer turnover radius, beyond which density falls off as $r^{-4}$. In the intermediate zone, the profile is similar to that of an isothermal sphere (density $ρ\propto r^{-2}$), somewhat less steep than the King 62 profile, and with the advantage that many dynamical quantities can be written in a simple closed form. We derive new analytic expressions for the cluster binding energy and velocity dispersion, and apply these to create toy models for cluster core collapse and evaporation. We fit our projected surface brightness profiles to observed globular and open clusters, and find that the quality of the fit is generally at least as good as that for the surface brightness profiles of King 62. This model can be used for convenient computation of the dynamics and evolution of globular and nuclear star clusters.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Published in ApJL; changes to match published version
Time derivatives via interconnected waveguides
Creators: name: MacDonald, Ross Glyn
name: Yakovlev, Alex
name: Pacheco-Peña, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic wave-based analogue computing has become an interesting computing paradigm demonstrating the potential for high-throughput, low power, and parallel operations. In this work, we propose a technique for the calculation of derivatives of temporal signals by exploiting transmission line techniques. We consider multiple interconnected waveguides (with some of them being closed-ended stubs) forming junctions. The transmission coefficient of the proposed structure is then tailored by controlling the length and number of stubs at the junction, such that the differentiation operation is applied directly onto the envelope of an incident signal sinusoidally modulated in the time domain. The physics behind the proposed structure is explained in detail and a full theoretical description of this operation is presented, demonstrating how this technique can be used to calculate higher order or even fractional temporal derivatives. We envision that these results may enable the development of further time domain wave-based analogue processors by exploiting waveguide junctions, opening new opportunities for wave-based single operators and systems.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Association of Indoor and Outdoor Air Pollution With Hand-Grip Strength Among Adults in Six Low- and Middle-Income Countries
Creators: name: Dent, Elsa
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: BACKGROUND: Air pollution has been associated with various health outcomes. Its effect on hand-grip strength, a measurement of the construct of muscle strength and health status, remains largely unknown. METHODS: We used the survey data from 31,209 adults ≥ 50 years of age within Wave 1 of the Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health in six low- and middle-income countries. The outdoor concentration of fine particulate matter pollution (PM2.5) was estimated using satellite data. Domestic fuel type and ventilation were used as indicators of indoor air pollution. We used multilevel linear regression models to examine the association between indoor and outdoor air pollution and hand-grip strength, as well as the potential effect modifiers. RESULTS: We found inverse associations between both indoor and outdoor air pollution and hand-grip strength. Each 10 μg/m3 increase in 3 years' averaged concentrations of outdoor PM2.5 corresponded to 0.70 kg (95% CI: -1.26, -0.14) lower hand-grip strength; and compared with electricity/liquid/gas fuel users, those using solid fuels had lower hand-grip strength (β = -1.25, 95% CI: -1.74, -0.75). However, we did not observe a statistically significant association between ventilation and hand-grip strength. We further observed that urban residents and those having a higher education level had a higher association between ambient PM2.5 and hand-grip strength, and men, young participants, smokers, rural participants, and those with lower household income had higher associations between indoor air pollution and hand-grip strength. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that both indoor and outdoor air pollution might be important risk factors of poorer health and functional status as indicated by hand-grip strength.
Record Ages of Scale Invariant non-Markovian Random Walks
Creators: name: Régnier, Léo
name: Dolgushev, Maxim
name: Bénichou, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How long is needed for an observable to exceed its previous highest value and establish a new record? This time, known as the age of a record plays a crucial role in quantifying record statistics. Until now, general methods for determining record age statistics have been limited to observations of either independent random variables or successive positions of a Markovian (memoryless) random walk. Here we develop a theoretical framework to determine record age statistics in the presence of memory effects for continuous non-smooth processes that are asymptotically scale-invariant. Our theoretical predictions are confirmed by numerical simulations and experimental realizations of diverse representative non-Markovian random walk models and real time series with memory effects, in fields as diverse as genomics, climatology, hydrology, geology and computer science. Our results reveal the crucial role of the number of records already achieved in time series and change our view on analysing record statistics.
Rational Ehrhart Theory
Creators: name: Beck, Matthias
name: Elia, Sophia
name: Rehberg, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C07 (Primary) 05A15, 11H06, 52B20 (Secondary)

description: The Ehrhart quasipolynomial of a rational polytope $\mathsf{P}$ encodes fundamental arithmetic data of $\mathsf{P}$, namely, the number of integer lattice points in positive integral dilates of $\mathsf{P}$. Ehrhart quasipolynomials were introduced in the 1960s, satisfy several fundamental structural results and have applications in many areas of mathematics and beyond. The enumerative theory of lattice points in rational (equivalently, real) dilates of rational polytopes is much younger, starting with work by Linke (2011), Baldoni-Berline-Koeppe-Vergne (2013), and Stapledon (2017). We introduce a generating-function ansatz for rational Ehrhart quasipolynomials, which unifies several known results in classical and rational Ehrhart theory. In particular, we define $γ$-rational Gorenstein polytopes, which extend the classical notion to the rational setting and encompass the generalized reflexive polytopes studied by Fiset-Kasprzyk (2008) and Kasprzyk-Nill (2012).
description: 24 pages, 4 figures; minor changes, Remark 31 added
ЛИНГВОДИДАКТИЧЕСКИЙ ПОДХОД К МИНИМИЗАЦИИ ПРОЯВЛЕНИЙ ФОНЕТИЧЕСКОЙ ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИИ В РУССКОЙ РЕЧИ СИНГАЛЬСКИХ И ТАМИЛЬСКИХ УЧАЩИХСЯ
Creators: name: ТИМОФЕЕВА ИРИНА МИХАЙЛОВНА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: RUSSIAN AS A FOREIGN LANGUAGE
TAMIL
SINHALESE
PHONETICS
INTERFERENCE
DIDACTICS
LINGUISTICS
РУССКИЙ ЯЗЫК КАК ИНОСТРАННЫЙ
ТАМИЛЬСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
СИНГАЛЬСКИЙ ЯЗЫК
ФОНЕТИКА
ИНТЕРФЕРЕНЦИЯ
ДИДАКТИКА
ЛИНГВИСТИКА

description: В данной статье рассматриваются методические приемы минимизации проявлений фонетической интерференции у сингальских и тамильских учащихся при изучении ими русского языка. Особое внимание уделяется просодической организации речи в сингальском, тамильском и русском языках. Актуальность темы исследования определяется необходимостью адаптации иностранных студентов как к новой для них языковой среде, так и профессиональной сфере общения.This article discusses methodological techniques for minimizing the manifestations of phonetic interference among Sinhalese and Tamil students in their study of the Russian language. Particular attention is paid to the prosodic organization of speech in Sinhala, Tamil and Russian. The relevance of the research topic is determined by the need to adapt foreign students to both their new language environment and the professionally-communicative sphere of communication.
Spin-orbit torque on nuclear spins exerted by a spin accumulation via hyperfine interactions
Creators: name: Cahaya, Adam B.
name: Leon, Alejandro O.
name: Fauzi, Mohammad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-transfer and spin-orbit torques allow controlling magnetic degrees of freedom in various materials and devices. However, while the transfer of angular momenta between electrons has been widely studied, the contribution of nuclear spins has yet to be explored further. This article demonstrates that the hyperfine coupling, which consists of Fermi contact and dipolar interactions, can mediate the application of spin-orbit torques acting on nuclear spins. Our starting point is a sizable nuclear spin in a metal with electronic spin accumulation. Then, via the hyperfine interactions, the nuclear spin modifies the an electronic spin density. The reactions to the equilibrium and nonequilibrium components of the spin density is a torque on the nucleus with field-like and damping-like components, respectively. This nuclear spin-orbit torque is a step toward stabilizing and controlling nuclear magnetic momenta, in magnitude and direction, and realizing nuclear spintronics.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Understanding for whom, how and why Sydney Local Health District’s Integrated Response was Effective in Addressing COVID-19: A Critical Realist Qualitative Study
Creators: name: De Souza, Denise
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health and community services

description: Introduction: Australia has been comparatively effective in preventing the transmission of COVID-19. The Sydney Local Health District [SLHD] used a “whole of health” integrated approach to respond to the pandemic. The aim of this study was to understand for whom, how and why this response worked, to inform a sustainable system transformation. Methods: A critical realist qualitative study was conducted with 20 purposively selected key informants. Data were collected through in-depth interviews and analysed using thematic analysis guided by abduction and retroduction. The five strategies of the WHO integrated people-centred health services framework was used to guide the overall study. Results: An enabling environment of a strong governance, emergency preparedness, a committed and adaptable workforce, and a strong core infrastructure underpinned SLHD’s effective response. With a culture of embracing innovation, the district adapted virtual care to effectively quarantine people through their special health accommodation, and coordinate care across tertiary and community services. The established interagency relationships prior to the pandemic, enabled service directors to quickly integrate their services, which empowered and engaged the community [and staff], working across relevant sectors to provide care “where the people are”; reaching marginalised populations, and reducing community transmission. Discussion and Conclusion: The SLHD’s progress towards a ‘whole of health’ approach, empowered and enabled the district to effectively work within and across sectors to address the pandemic in a people-centred manner. Sustaining the contextual conditions and mechanisms, that facilitated effective integration, will be beneficial beyond the pandemic.
Intensity statistics inside an open wave-chaotic cavity with broken time-reversal invariance
Creators: name: Fyodorov, Yan V.
name: Safonova, Elizaveta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the supersymmetric method of random matrix theory within the Heidelberg approach framework we provide statistical description of stationary intensity sampled in locations inside an open wave-chaotic cavity, assuming that the time-reversal invariance inside the cavity is fully broken. In particular, we show that when incoming waves are fed via a finite number $M$ of open channels the probability density ${\cal P}(I)$ for the single-point intensity $I$ decays as a power law for large intensities: ${\cal P}(I)\sim I^{-(M+2)}$, provided there is no internal losses. This behaviour is in marked difference with the Rayleigh law ${\cal P}(I)\sim \exp(-I/\overline{I})$ which turns out to be valid only in the limit $M\to \infty$. We also find the joint probability density of intensities $I_1, \ldots, I_L$ in $L>1$ observation points, and then extract the corresponding statistics for the maximal intensity in the observation pattern. For $L\to \infty$ the resulting limiting extreme value statistics (EVS) turns out to be different from the classical EVS distributions.
description: 17 pages + 3 figures
МОНИТОРИНГ МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОГО СОСТОЯНИЯ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЬСКОГО СОСТАВА КАФЕДРЫ ФИЗИЧЕСКОГО ВОСПИТАНИЯ
Creators: name: ТОЛСТОВА ТАТЬЯНА ИВАНОВНА
name: ПОНОМАРЕВА ГАЛИНА ВЛАДИМИРОВНА
name: ЛЕВИНА ЕЛЕНА АЛЕКСАНДРОВНА
name: ТРУШИНА НИНА ИВАНОВНА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: МОРФОФУНКЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ ПРЕПОДАВАТЕЛЕЙ
РЕЗЕРВЫ ЗДОРОВЬЯ
КУЛЬТУРА ЗДОРОВЬЯ
MORPHOFUNCTIONAL STATE OF TEACHERS
HEALTH RESERVES
HEALTH CULTURE

description: До настоящего времени состояние здоровья преподавателей изучено сравнительно мало. Цель работы изучение морфофункционального состояния преподавателей кафедры физического воспитания и здоровья РязГМУ. Объектом исследования являются 20 преподавателей кафедры (9 женщин и 11 мужчин). Методы исследования включали опрос, антропометрию и обследование на программно-аппаратном комплексе «Интегральный показатель здоровья», которое включало цветовой тест Люшера, тест зрительно-моторной реакции, тест пульса (кардиоинтервалометрия) с последующей оценкой результатов. Широко используя физкультурно-оздоровительные технологии для оздоровления студентов, отмечается неудовлетворительный уровень владения здоровьесберегающими технологиями в индивидуальной деятельности, что свидетельствует о дефиците культуры здоровья педагогов.To date, the health status of teachers has been studied relatively little. The purpose of this work is to study the morphofunctional state of teachers of the Department of physical education and health of Ryazan state medical University. The object of the study is 20 teachers of the Department, 9 women and 11 men. The research methods included a survey, anthropometry, and a survey on the hardware and software complex “Integral health indicator", which included a color lusher test, a visual-motor reaction test, and a pulse test (cardiointervalometry) with subsequent evaluation of the results.
Hierarchical Multi-robot Strategies Synthesis and Optimization under Individual and Collaborative Temporal Logic Specifications
Creators: name: Bai, Ruofei
name: Zheng, Ronghao
name: Xu, Yang
name: Liu, Meiqin
name: Zhang, Senlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a hierarchical framework to solve the multi-robot temporal task planning problem. We assume that each robot has its individual task specification and the robots have to jointly satisfy a global collaborative task specification, both described in linear temporal logic. Specifically, a central server firstly extracts and decomposes a collaborative task sequence from the automaton corresponding to the collaborative task specification, and allocates the subtasks in the sequence to robots. The robots can then synthesize their initial execution strategies based on locally constructed product automatons, combining the assigned collaborative tasks and their individual task specifications. Furthermore, we propose a distributed execution strategy adjusting mechanism to iteratively improve the time efficiency, by reducing wait time in collaborations caused by potential synchronization constraints. We prove the completeness of the proposed framework under assumptions, and analyze its time complexity and optimality. Extensive simulation results verify the scalability and optimization efficiency of the proposed method.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2108.11597
Asset composition of wealthy households in Australia: how does owning stocks and property assets contribute to the likelihood of being in the top wealth class?
Creators: name: Prasad, Aditya Vasudev
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Australia has experienced a persistent wealth gap between its wealthiest 20% of households and the rest of its population over the past two decades. Scholars have pointed to either the growing stock market or the property sector as a key explanation for the ongoing wealth gap. Rigorous empirical evidence can inform which assets the wealthiest 20% tend to own to a greater extent than the bottom 80% in wealth. This thesis contributes to this evidence by using data from the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) Survey and by focusing on the differences between the wealthiest 20% and bottom 80% in their share of assets in equity, primary residence, and other property. It compares the asset composition between the two wealth classes, and also uses a logistic regression model and predicted probabilities to assess the relative contribution of each asset source to attaining top 20 % wealth membership. It finds that an increasing share of household assets in equity and other property assets increases the likelihood of being in the wealthiest 20%. In contrast, a growing share of assets in primary residence slightly reduces this likelihood. The findings will assist researchers on how the asset composition of households contribute to wealth stratification and will also assist policymakers in identifying ways to alleviate the wealth gap.
Cosmological Particle Decays at Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Ho, Chiu Man
name: Scherrer, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate finite-temperature corrections to the decay rate of a generic neutral (pseudo)scalar particle that decays into (pseudo)scalars or fermion-antifermion pairs. The ratio of the finite-temperature decay rate to the zero-temperature decay rate is presented. Thermal effects are largest in the limit where the decaying particle is nonrelativistic but with a mass well below the background temperature, but significant effects are possible even when we relax the former assumption. Thermal effects are reduced for the case of nonzero momentum of the decaying particle. We discuss cosmological scenarios under which significant finite-temperature corrections to the decay rate can be achieved.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, v2: version to appear in PRD
ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ НАВЫКОВ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ БОЕВЫХ ПРИЕМОВ БОРЬБЫ У СЛУШАТЕЛЕЙ ОБРАЗОВАТЕЛЬНЫХ ОРГАНИЗАЦИЙ МВД РОССИИ
Creators: name: ТХАЗЕПЛОВ РУСТАМ ЛЕОНИДОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ФИЗИЧЕСКАЯ ПОДГОТОВКА
СЛУШАТЕЛИ
БОЕВЫЕ ПРИЕМЫ БОРЬБЫ
НАВЫК
PHYSICAL TRAINING
LISTENERS
FIGHTING TECHNIQUES OF WRESTLING
SKILL

description: Статья посвящена процессу формирования навыков применения боевых приемов борьбы у слушателей образовательных организаций МВД России, которые необходимы им для обеспечения личной безопасности и готовности к успешному осуществлению дальнейшей профессиональной деятельности.The article is devoted to the process of formation of skills of application of combat techniques of wrestling in listeners of educational organizations of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation which they need to ensure personal safety and readiness for successful implementation of further professional activity.
РАБОТА С КНИГОЙ КАК СРЕДСТВО ВОСПИТАНИЯ ЛИЧНОСТИ И ФОРМИРОВАНИЯ ЕЕ АДАПТИВНОСТИ
Creators: name: ХАСЬМИНСКИЙ МИХАИЛ ИГОРЕВИЧ
name: ПОДНЕБЕСНАЯ ЭЛЛА ИГОРЕВНА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: НЕСОВЕРШЕННОЛЕТНИЕ ОСУЖДЕННЫЕ
СОЦИАЛЬНОЕ ЗДОРОВЬЕ НЕСОВЕРШЕННОЛЕТНИХ ОСУЖДЕННЫХ
РАБОТА С КНИГОЙ
ВТОРИЧНАЯ СОЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ
JUVENILE CONVICTS
SOCIAL HEALTH OF JUVENILE CONVICTS
WORK WITH A BOOK
SECONDARY SOCIALIZATION

description: Социальное здоровье несовершеннолетних осужденных понимается авторами как состояние социального благополучия, включающее умение поддерживать здоровые отношения в обществе, способствующие эффективной социализации и развитию здоровой личности. В воспитательных колониях создано закрытое специфическое социокультурное пространство, в котором, как правило, осуществляется вторичная социализация несовершеннолетних осужденных. Работа с книгой одно из важных средств воспитания личности несовершеннолетних осужденных и формирования их социального здоровья.The authors understand the social health of juvenile convicts as a state of social well-being, including the ability to maintain socially healthy relationships, relationships in society that contribute to effective socialization and development of a healthy personality. In educational colonies, a closed specific socio-cultural space has been created, in which, as a rule, secondary socialization of minors is carried out. Working with the book is one of the most important means of educating the personality of juvenile convicts and forming their social health.
Brane-jet stabilities from Janus and Sasaki-Einstein
Creators: name: Suh, Minwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there are certain perturbatively stable non-supersymmetric $AdS$ vacua which are also brane-jet stable. Also we extend the analysis of brane-jets to the $AdS$ vacua from curved domain walls like Janus solutions. First, we apply the brane-jet analysis to the non-supersymmetric Janus solutions of type IIB supergravity found by Bak, Gutperle and Hirano. Second, we study the brane-jet of $AdS_4$ vacua from eleven-dimensional supergravity on Sasaki-Einstein manifolds: the supersymmetric and the skew-whiffed Freund-Rubin, the Pope-Warner, and the Englert solutions. Third, we examine the non-supersymmetric $AdS_4$ vacua from $Q^{1,1,1} $ and $M^{1,1,1}$ manifolds discovered by Cassani, Koerber and Varela. It turns out that all the $AdS$ vacua we consider in this work are brane-jet stable. Especially, the Janus, the skew-whipped Freund-Rubin, and the $AdS_4$ vacua from $Q^{1,1,1} $ and $M^{1,1,1}$ are perturbatively stable within known subsectors of truncations and also brane-jet stable.
description: v3: 23 pages, 3 figures, minor improvements, published version
Courant-sharp eigenvalues for the equilateral torus, and for the equilateral triangle
Creators: name: Bérard, Pierre
name: Helffer, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the question of determining the eigenvalues $λ\_n$ (listed in nondecreasing order, with multiplicities) for which Courant's nodal domain theorem is sharp i.e., for which there exists an associated eigenfunction with $n$ nodal domains (Courant-sharp eigenvalues). Following ideas going back to Pleijel (1956), we prove that the only Courant-sharp eigenvalues of the flat equilateral torus are the first and second, and that the only Courant-sharp Dirichlet eigenvalues of the equilateral triangle are the first, second, and fourth eigenvalues. In the last section we sketch similar results for the right-angled isosceles triangle and for the hemiequilateral triangle.
description: Slight modifications and some misprints corrected
Prospective and Challenging Issues of Biofuels
Creators: name: Islam, Mohammed Mahbubul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Utilization of energy is increasing rapidly while sources of energy are limited. Furthermore, because of using fossil fuel, a lot of emissions are observed, which are bad elements for both human and nature, as well as increasing global warming. Biofuels are considered environment friendly than fossil fuel. Biofuels additionally boost rural development by shifting of power from petro to agro-industry at the same time. Having a lot of potentiality, there are some issues need to be considered. If the agricultural resources are utilized for running vehicles and such activities, certainly there will be food crisis. Therefore, some kind of optimization and advancements are required. This study includes introduction of different types of biofuels and compiles the benefit and challenges of it.