cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spectral energy cascade and scale interaction analysis in a spatially evolving turbulent channel flow
Creators: name: KANNADASAN, EZHILSABAREESH
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Turbulent flows
Computational methods in fluid flow, heat and mass transfer (incl. computational fluid dynamics)

description: Energy-containing eddies are the elementary structures of wall-bounded turbulent shear flows that carry most of the kinetic energy and momentum. Understanding the process of the spatial evolution of these eddies is essential for the modelling and controlling of industrial flows. This thesis presents the study of the spatial evolution of energetic turbulent structures and their interplay using a novel twin-channel direct numerical simulation (DNS) approach.
title: Industrie 4.0 : Competencies for a modern production system
Creators: name: Enke, Judith
name: Glass, Rupert
name: Kreß, Antonio
name: Hambach, Jens
name: Tisch, Michael
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2018

description: Industrie 4.0 promises new digital solutions to optimize the entire value stream in manufacturing systems. Existing production systems are often based on the continuous improvement philosophy of lean management. New opportunities for developments arise from the combination of Industrie 4.0 and Lean. While the qualification of employees for such complex production environments plays a key role, the learning factory concept offers a promising approach to competency development in this field. In this paper, required competencies to enable a successful integration of lean management and Industrie 4.0 are discussed and analyzed. Furthermore, they are structured and presented in a comprehensive Lean 4.0 curriculum.
Unsupervised Methods for Determining Object and Relation Synonyms on the Web
Creators: name: Yates, Alexander Pieter
name: Etzioni, Oren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The task of identifying synonymous relations and objects, or synonym resolution, is critical for high-quality information extraction. This paper investigates synonym resolution in the context of unsupervised information extraction, where neither hand-tagged training examples nor domain knowledge is available. The paper presents a scalable, fully-implemented system that runs in O(KN log N) time in the number of extractions, N, and the maximum number of synonyms per word, K. The system, called Resolver, introduces a probabilistic relational model for predicting whether two strings are co-referential based on the similarity of the assertions containing them. On a set of two million assertions extracted from the Web, Resolver resolves objects with 78% precision and 68% recall, and resolves relations with 90% precision and 35% recall. Several variations of resolvers probabilistic model are explored, and experiments demonstrate that under appropriate conditions these variations can improve F1 by 5%. An extension to the basic Resolver system allows it to handle polysemous names with 97% precision and 95% recall on a data set from the TREC corpus.
Analysis, Performance, and Images of Musical Sound: Surfaces, Cyclical Relationships and the Musical Work
Creators: name: Latartara, John
name: Gardiner, Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: Music

description: In this paper we hope to reinscribe the familiar musicological concepts of analysis and performance, drawing them into new relationships, in order to turn them against their presuppositions and produce new configurations. Though an exploration of analysis, performance and images of musical sound, these new configurations highlight surface details and offer a alternative approach to previous analysis and performance paradigms, leading to a reformulation of the concept of musical "work". In order to focus our argument we define "analysis" as the methodological activity of analyzing a score as practiced in most Western art music analytical journals published today. Likewise, while the concept of musical performance can encompass improvisation and physical gesture, we take "performance" to mean the Western art music performance tradition, as practiced today, of score interpretation. Although both definitions are admittedly limited, they represent typical approaches and activities within both fields.
Quantum Spin Ice: A Search for Gapless Quantum Spin Liquids in Pyrochlore Magnets
Creators: name: Gingras, Michel J. P.
name: McClarty, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin ice materials, including Ho2Ti2O7 and Dy2Ti2O7, are rare earth pyrochlore magnets which, at low temperatures, enter a constrained paramagnetic state with an emergent gauge freedom. Remarkably, the spin ices provide one of very few experimentally realised examples of fractionalization because their elementary excitations can be regarded as magnetic monopoles and, over some temperature range, the spin ice materials are best described as liquids of these emergent charges. In the presence of quantum fluctuations, one can obtain, in principle, a quantum spin liquid descended from the classical spin ice state characterised by emergent photon-like excitations. Whereas in classical spin ices the excitations are akin to electrostatic charges, in the quantum spin liquid these charges interact through a dynamic and emergent electromagnetic field. In this review, we describe the latest developments in the study of such a quantum spin ice, focussing on the spin liquid phenomenology and the kinds of materials where such a phase might be found.
description: Review article; 29 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, 189 references, 12 footnotes
Producing Producers: Women and Electronic/Dance Music
Creators: name: Farrugia, Rebekah
name: Swiss, Thom
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Music

description: With interviews as the primary source material, this article illustrates the processes by which commonplace discursive and material practices situate women outside of the production of electronic/dance music (E/DM) in San Francisco. Because women's efforts in E/DM production are in their infancy, this study is more concerned with the barriers women are experiencing than the strategies they are using succeed. Nonetheless, our interviews with women who are in the early phases of producing E/DM suggested the importance of strategies including networking with male producers, and working to undo a lifetime of exposure to the gendered discourses that circulate in popular culture, social contexts, and educational environments.
title: Utility-based configuration of learning factories using a multidimensional, multiple-choice knapsack problem
Creators: name: Tisch, Michael
name: Laudemann, Heiko
name: Kreß, Antonio
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2017

description: The paper presents a structural approach to configure the technical system of a learning factory by considering learning targets and maximizing the utility. Local scope conditions and intended competencies are used to operationalize requirements. The composition of the module-based technical system can be optimized by maximizing its overall utility. Therefore, an exact and efficient optimization algorithm is developed solving a multidimensional multiple-choice knapsack problem combined with a two-dimensional bin packing problem. Restrictions are the available budget and the useable area of the learning factory. As a result, the configured technical system enables optimal target orientation of the learning factory. This procedure is finally applied on the Process Learning Factory CiP.
Evaluation of Economic Efficiency of Selected Branch in Animal Production in EU and CR
Creators: name: Janecká, Marie
name: Homolka, Jaroslav
name: Hošková, Pavla
name: Jiří Mach
name: Dvořák, Marek
name: Janecká, Marie
name: Homolka, Jaroslav
name: Hošková, Pavla
name: Jiří Mach
name: Dvořák, Marek
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Dairy cow,
subject: cost for feeds,
subject: labour costs,
subject: cost for veterinary care,
subject: breeding costs, price,
subject: Czech Republic,
subject: European Union,
subject: planning,
subject: predicting.

description: The main aim is a verification whether dairy cow breeders in the Czech Republic are able to compete and have the same conditions for milk production as the state of European Union after the Czech Republic´s accession to the European Union. This evaluation is above all in the main cost items for milk depending on the amount of milk yield of cows. A partial aim is an evaluation of development of number of dairy cows and milk production in the monitored period 2000 – 2015. This judgement is used for monitoring of effects of quotas on the number and production part of dairy cows. Also the development of milk purchase prices was evaluated in the original EU 15 states and the Czech Republic. Within the evaluation of the main aim, four main cost items influencing the total dairy cow breeding were judged. The main items are costs for feed, labour costs, costs for veterinary care, and cost for breeding services. This main cost items have an effect beside the milk production on the health state of dairy cows and on reproduction because with the right function of reproductive organs a new onset of lactation curve happens and thereby an induction of higher milk yields with use of high-quality feeds. The used data are based on interview survey in milk producers.
Interannual coupling between summertime surface temperature and precipitation: processes and implication for climate change
Creators: name: Berg, Alexis M.
name: Lintner, Benjamin R.
name: Findell, Kristen
name: Seneviratne, Sonia I.
name: Van Den Hurk, Bart
name: Ducharne, Agnes
name: Cheruy, Frederique
name: Hagemann, Stefan
name: Lawrence, David M.
name: Malyshev, Sergey
name: Meier, Arndt
name: Gentine, Pierre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Climatic changes
Hydrology
Atmosphere

description: Widespread negative correlations between summertime-mean temperatures and precipitation over land regions are a well-known feature of terrestrial climate. This behavior has generally been interpreted in the context of soil moisture-atmosphere coupling, with soil moisture deficits associated with reduced rainfall leading to enhanced surface sensible heating and higher surface temperature. The present study revisits the genesis of these negative temperature- precipitation correlations using simulations from the Global Land-Atmosphere Coupling Experiment - Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 5 (GLACE-CMIP5) multi-model experiment. The analyses are based on simulations with 5 climate models, which were integrated with prescribed (non-interactive) and with interactive soil moisture over the period 1950-2100. While the results presented here generally confirm the interpretation that negative correlations between seasonal temperature and precipitation arise through the direct control of soil moisture on surface heat flux partitioning, the presence of widespread negative correlations when soil moisture- atmosphere interactions are artificially removed in at least two out of five models suggests that atmospheric processes, in addition to land surface processes, contribute to the observed negative temperature-precipitation correlation. On longer timescales, the negative correlation between precipitation and temperature is shown to have implications for the projection of climate change impacts on near surface climate: in all models, in the regions of strongest temperature-precipitation anti-correlation on interannual timescales, long-term regional warming is modulated to a large extent by the regional response of precipitation to climate change, with precipitation increases (decreases) being associated with minimum (maximum) warming. This correspondence appears to arise largely as the result of soil-moisture atmosphere interactions.
Wikipedia-based Semantic Interpretation for Natural Language Processing
Creators: name: Gabrilovich, Evgeniy
name: Markovitch, Shaul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Adequate representation of natural language semantics requires access to vast amounts of common sense and domain-specific world knowledge. Prior work in the field was based on purely statistical techniques that did not make use of background knowledge, on limited lexicographic knowledge bases such as WordNet, or on huge manual efforts such as the CYC project. Here we propose a novel method, called Explicit Semantic Analysis (ESA), for fine-grained semantic interpretation of unrestricted natural language texts. Our method represents meaning in a high-dimensional space of concepts derived from Wikipedia, the largest encyclopedia in existence. We explicitly represent the meaning of any text in terms of Wikipedia-based concepts. We evaluate the effectiveness of our method on text categorization and on computing the degree of semantic relatedness between fragments of natural language text. Using ESA results in significant improvements over the previous state of the art in both tasks. Importantly, due to the use of natural concepts, the ESA model is easy to explain to human users.
title: Dark microbial CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils increases with CO2 concentration
Creators: name: Spohn, Marie
name: Müller, Karolin
name: Höschen, Carmen
name: Mueller, Carsten W.
name: Marhan, Sven
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anaplerotic reactions
subject: Carbon cycle
subject: Chemoautotrophic bacteria
subject: CO2 concentration
subject: Dark microbial CO2 fixation
subject: Fungal–bacterial interactions
subject: Microbial carbon pump
subject: Microbial soil carbon processing
subject: Soil organic matter formation
subject: 500
subject: 550

description: Dark, that is, nonphototrophic, microbial CO2 fixation occurs in a large range of soils. However, it is still not known whether dark microbial CO2 fixation substantially contributes to the C balance of soils and what factors control this process. Therefore, the objective of this study was to quantitate dark microbial CO2 fixation in temperate forest soils, to determine the relationship between the soil CO2 concentration and dark microbial CO2 fixation, and to estimate the relative contribution of different microbial groups to dark CO2 fixation. For this purpose, we conducted a 13C-CO2 labeling experiment. We found that the rates of dark microbial CO2 fixation were positively correlated with the CO2 concentration in all soils. Dark microbial CO2 fixation amounted to up to 320 µg C kg−1 soil day−1 in the Ah horizon. The fixation rates were 2.8–8.9 times higher in the Ah horizon than in the Bw1 horizon. Although the rates of dark microbial fixation were small compared to the respiration rate (1.2%–3.9% of the respiration rate), our findings suggest that organic matter formed by microorganisms from CO2 contributes to the soil organic matter pool, especially given that microbial detritus is more stable in soil than plant detritus. Phospholipid fatty acid analyses indicated that CO2 was mostly fixed by gram-positive bacteria, and not by fungi. In conclusion, our study shows that the dark microbial CO2 fixation rate in temperate forest soils increases in periods of high CO2 concentrations, that dark microbial CO2 fixation is mostly accomplished by gram-positive bacteria, and that dark microbial CO2 fixation contributes to the formation of soil organic matter.
The Dispersal of Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Alexander, Richard
name: Pascucci, Ilaria
name: Andrews, Sean
name: Armitage, Philip
name: Cieza, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Protoplanetary disks are the sites of planet formation, and the evolution and eventual dispersal of these disks strongly influences the formation of planetary systems. Disk evolution during the planet-forming epoch is driven by accretion and mass-loss due to winds, and in typical environments photoevaporation by high-energy radiation from the central star is likely to dominate final gas disk dispersal. We present a critical review of current theoretical models, and discuss the observations that are used to test these models and inform our understanding of the underlying physics. We also discuss the role disk dispersal plays in shaping planetary systems, considering its influence on both the process(es) of planet formation and the architectures of planetary systems. We conclude by presenting a schematic picture of protoplanetary disk evolution and dispersal, and discussing prospects for future work.
description: 23 pages, 6 figures. Refereed review chapter, accepted for publication in Protostars & Planets VI, University of Arizona Press (2014), eds. H.Beuther, C.Dullemond, Th.Henning, R.Klessen
Deep Arctic Ocean warming during the last glacial cycle
Creators: name: Cronin, Thomas M.
name: Dwyer, Gary S.
name: Farmer, Jesse Robert
name: Bauch, H. A.
name: Spielhagen, R. F.
name: Jakobsson, M.
name: Nilsson, J.
name: Briggs, W. M.
name: Stepanova, A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Paleoclimatology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Submarine geology

description: In the Arctic Ocean, the cold and relatively fresh water beneath the sea ice is separated from the underlying warmer and saltier Atlantic Layer by a halocline. Ongoing sea ice loss and warming in the Arctic Ocean have demonstrated the instability of the halocline, with implications for further sea ice loss. The stability of the halocline through past climate variations is unclear. Here we estimate intermediate water temperatures over the past 50,000 years from the Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca values of ostracods from 31 Arctic sediment cores. From about 50 to 11 kyr ago, the central Arctic Basin from 1,000 to 2,500 m was occupied by a water mass we call Glacial Arctic Intermediate Water. This water mass was 1–2 ◦ C warmer than modern Arctic Intermediate Water, with temperatures peaking during or just before millennial-scale Heinrich cold events and the Younger Dryas cold interval. We use numerical modelling to show that the intermediate depth warming could result from the expected decrease in the flux of fresh water to the Arctic Ocean during glacial conditions, which would cause the halocline to deepen and push the warm Atlantic Layer into intermediate depths. Although not modelled, the reduced formation of cold, deep waters due to the exposure of the Arctic continental shelf could also contribute to the intermediate depth warming.
Analysis of the Current Support of E-marketing Activities in Selected Enterprises of the Wine Sector in Slovakia
Creators: name: Janšto, Erik
name: Polakovič, Peter
name: Hennyeyová, Klára
name: Slováková, Ivana
name: Janšto, Erik
name: Polakovič, Peter
name: Hennyeyová, Klára
name: Slováková, Ivana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Marketing,
subject: agricultural companies,
subject: ICT,
subject: marketing information system (MIS),
subject: marketing strategy,
subject: agribusiness.

description: n the digital era, implementing an effective marketing strategy requires a more comprehensive view of the marketing strategy than in the past. The concepts of older approaches are already ineffective today, but we consider it important to mention them. Organizations focus on improving production, achieving low cost and mass distribution. The product concept is based on the conviction of consumers who prefer products with the highest quality or innovative characteristics. Managers focus on producing quality products and subsequently improving them. The disadvantage is the disproportionate focus on the product (marketing near-sightedness) as on consumption. The sales concept is characterized by a gradual increase in competition and market saturation. With this characteristic, managers are using a more aggressive fixed sales strategy, paying more attention to sales and building improved sales channels. The most modern approach is the holistic marketing concept that came about with the advent of the digital era. It is a dynamic concept conditional on electronic connectivity and interactivity between the agricultural company, its customers and collaborators. It integrates value exploration, building and delivering activities for mutually satisfying relationships and shared prosperity among stakeholders. This paper summarizes the most important results of the questionnaire survey of selected companies carried out under the title: Analysis of the current support of e-marketing activities in selected enterprises of the wine sector in Slovakia. The results of the questionnaire survey are evaluated in the text based on submitted scientific hypotheses.
Identification of Pleonastic It Using the Web
Creators: name: Li, Yifan
name: Musilek, Petr
name: Reformat, Marek
name: Wyard-Scott, Loren
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a significant minority of cases, certain pronouns, especially the pronoun it, can be used without referring to any specific entity. This phenomenon of pleonastic pronoun usage poses serious problems for systems aiming at even a shallow understanding of natural language texts. In this paper, a novel approach is proposed to identify such uses of it: the extrapositional cases are identified using a series of queries against the web, and the cleft cases are identified using a simple set of syntactic rules. The system is evaluated with four sets of news articles containing 679 extrapositional cases as well as 78 cleft constructs. The identification results are comparable to those obtained by human efforts.
title: Wir Ferdinand der Erste, von Gottes Gnaden Kaiser von Oesterreich; König von Hungarn und Böhmen, ... Als Wir nach dem Hintritte Unsers Vaters, Weiland Kaiser Franz des Ersten, in gesetzlicher Erbfolge, den Thron bestiegen ... Wir sind daher, nach reiflicher Überlegung, und durchdrungen von der gebietherischen Nothwendigkeit dieses Schrittes, zu dem Entschlusse gelangt, hiemit feierlichst dem österreichischen Kaiserthrone zu entsagen. ...; [1848]
title: Gegeben in Unserer königlichen Hauptstadt Olmütz, den zweiten December im ein tausend acht hundert und acht und vierzigsten, Unserer Reiche dem vierzehnten Jahre
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ferdinand, I., Österreich, Kaiser I., Österreich, Kaiser
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Kopftitel
title: Justice occupationnelle dans un contexte communautaire et associatif dans le domaine de la migration forcée
title: une étude menée auprès de fondatrices de l'association Amitiés à Tisser
titleType: Subtitle
title: Justice occupationnelle dans un contexte communautaire et associatif dans le domaine de la migration forcée
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Guye, Nathan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: Migration forcée
subject: Asile
subject: Ergothérapie
subject: Injustices occupationnelles
subject: Insertion professionnelle

description: Des millions de personnes sont obligées de quitter leurs pays, fuyant des conflits armés, des persécutions, ou tout autres crises. Arrivées en Europe, certaines de ces personnes se retrouvent en Suisse et y demandent l’asile. S’en suivent alors des longues et complexes procédures dans le but de recevoir (ou non) un octroi d’asile sur le sol suisse. Durant tout ce processus de demande d’asile, et même quand celle-ci est acceptée, les personnes se retrouvent pour la plupart dans une grande précarité et sans emploi. Lorsque les personnes trouvent un travail, il est très rare que celui-ci soit le fruit d’un choix. Souvent les seuls métiers accessibles sont des petits boulots, sous payés et peu valorisants. L’étude menée s’intéresse à l’association lausannoise Amitiés à Tisser, qui a agi en 2017 dans le but de permettre à des personnes issues de la migration forcée de réinvestir une activité professionnelle dans le domaine de la couture. L’étude a pour objectifs d’éclairer ce dispositif avec des concepts provenant des sciences de l’occupation, notamment les diverses formes d’injustices occupationnelles. Le choix du design de recherche s’est porté sur une étude de type qualitative, compréhensive et descriptive. La récolte des données s’est faite auprès des deux fondatrices de l’association grâce à des entretiens semi-directifs. L’étude expose les différentes barrières structurelles et individuelles qui empêchent les personnes ayant migré de force de s’insérer dans le monde du travail en Suisse, et qui plus est dans un domaine professionnel déjà investi par le passé. Elle montre comment ces barrières peuvent mener à différents types d’injustices occupationnelles impactant la santé des individus.Finalement, l’étude met en lumière que pour agir au mieux dans ce domaine, il est nécessaire que des dispositifs tels que celui sur lequel porte l’analyse, emploient des professionnel·le·s du domaine du social et de la santé. L’étude met en évidence que les sciences de l’occupation,développées pour nourrir et développer les pratiques en ergothérapie, permettent de comprendre des situations et des phénomènes en lien avec les injustices vécues par les personnes ayant migré de force. Par le prisme de la justice occupationnelle et grâce à la compréhension globale de l’individu et de ses occupations, l’ergothérapeute aurait clairement sa place dans des dispositifs agissant auprès des personnes migrantes pour une intégration au marché de l’emploi qui fasse davantage sens pour les individus. [Résumé de l'auteur]
Ethics and the Public Administrator
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
name: Eimicke, William B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1995
Subjects: Public administration

description: This article provides an overview and analysis of the practical problems of developing and implementing a code of ethics for public administrators. The article addresses three key issues: (1) What are public ethics and where do they come from? (2) What are the central ethical issues facing public administrators? and (3) Are there practical tools and guidelines to assist public servants to be both ethical and effective public managers? The article concludes with a plea for consideration of ethical issues, and it presents five general ethical principles for public administrators.
Disjunction, negation and universal quantification in universal grammar
Creators: name: Xie, Zhu
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: This present study investigated the interpretations that are assigned by English- and Mandarin-speaking adults to complex sentences with three logical expressions. For example, one of the test sentences in both languages contained the combination of negation, a universal quantifier and the word for disjunction. Other sentences replaced the universal quantifier (‘every’) by an existential quantifier (‘some’). In different conditions, the position of the disjunction word was varied in order to evaluate the logical equivalence between negative sentences with a universal quantifier and ones with an existential quantifier (e.g., ‘not every…or…’ versus ‘some…not…or…’). The findings confirmed to the expectation of classical logic in both languages. First, both English- and Mandarin-speaking adults were found to license one interpretation of the disjunction word in one position of the test sentences, but another interpretation when the disjunction word appeared in a different position. Second, the anticipated logical equivalences between negated universally quantified statements and negated existentially quantified statements were found in both languages. The cross-linguistic convergence between logic and language stands in contrast to previous research which observed cross-linguistic differences in the interpretation of disjunction in simple negative sentences.
title: Bait and Ditch : Consumer Naïveté and Salesforce Incentives
Creators: name: Herweg, Fabian
name: Rosato, Antonio
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: add-on pricing
subject: bait and switch
subject: consumer naïveté
subject: incentive contract
subject: 300
subject: 330

description: We analyze a model of price competition between a transparent retailer and a deceptive one in a market where a fraction of consumers is naïve. The transparent retailer is an independent shop managed by its owner. The deceptive retailer belongs to a chain and is operated by a manager. The two retailers sell an identical base product, but the deceptive one also offers an add‐on. Rational consumers never consider buying the add‐on while naïve ones can be “talked” into buying it. By offering the manager a contract that pushes him to never sell the base good without the add‐on, the chain can induce an equilibrium in which both retailers obtain more‐than‐competitive profits. The equilibrium features price dispersion and market segmentation, with the deceptive retailer targeting only naïve consumers whereas the transparent retailer serves only rational ones.
Critical scalar field collapse in AdS_3: an analytic approach
Creators: name: Baier, Rudolf
name: Stricker, Stefan
name: Taanila, Olli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analytical solution of a massless scalar field collapsing in a three dimensional space-time with a negative cosmological constant, i.e. asymptotically AdS_3. The Einstein and scalar field equations are formulated using double null Poincare coordinates. Trapping horizons form when a critical parameter is p > 1. There are indications that the horizon radius r_AH scales like r_AH ~ (p-1)^(1/4) and the black hole mass as M ~ r_AH^2 ~ (p-1)^(1/2), i.e. with a critical mass exponent of 1/2.
Text Relatedness Based on a Word Thesaurus
Creators: name: Tsatsaronis, George
name: Varlamis, Iraklis
name: Vazirgiannis, Michalis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The computation of relatedness between two fragments of text in an automated manner requires taking into account a wide range of factors pertaining to the meaning the two fragments convey, and the pairwise relations between their words. Without doubt, a measure of relatedness between text segments must take into account both the lexical and the semantic relatedness between words. Such a measure that captures well both aspects of text relatedness may help in many tasks, such as text retrieval, classification and clustering. In this paper we present a new approach for measuring the semantic relatedness between words based on their implicit semantic links. The approach exploits only a word thesaurus in order to devise implicit semantic links between words. Based on this approach, we introduce Omiotis, a new measure of semantic relatedness between texts which capitalizes on the word-to-word semantic relatedness measure (SR) and extends it to measure the relatedness between texts. We gradually validate our method: we first evaluate the performance of the semantic relatedness measure between individual words, covering word-to-word similarity and relatedness, synonym identification and word analogy; then, we proceed with evaluating the performance of our method in measuring text-to-text semantic relatedness in two tasks, namely sentence-to-sentence similarity and paraphrase recognition. Experimental evaluation shows that the proposed method outperforms every lexicon-based method of semantic relatedness in the selected tasks and the used data sets, and competes well against corpus-based and hybrid approaches.
Employing Strategic Planning in Environmental Regulation
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Sustainability
Public policy (Law)

description: This chapter addresses the issues surrounding effective regulation. Understanding the procedures involved in the development and implementation of regulation is the first step. Cohen then describes the tools of strategic regulation. Next, criticisms of different modes of regulation are discussed. The chapter concludes with a summary of the strategic approach to regulation.
Sustainable New York City: A Work in Progress
Creators: name: Cohen, Steven Alan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Sustainability

description: New York City (NYC), under the leadership of Mayor Michael Bloomberg, has been at the forefront of a growing urban sustainability movement through its groundbreaking sustainability strategy - PlaNYC 2030. What are the city’s successes and failures? How can lessons from New York be applied in cities around the world?
PINO - a tool for simulating neutron spectra resulting from the 7Li(p,n) reaction
Creators: name: Reifarth, R.
name: Heil, M.
name: Käppeler, F.
name: Plag, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 7Li(p,n) reaction in combination with a 3.7 MV Van de Graaff accelerator was routinely used at FZK to perform activation as well as time-of-flight measurements with neutrons in the keV-region. Planned new setups with much higher proton currents like SARAF and FRANZ and the availability of liquid-lithium target technology will trigger a renaissance of this method. A detailed understanding of the neutron spectrum is not only important during the planning phase of an experiment, but also during for the analysis of activation experiments. Therefore, the Monte-Carlo based program PINO (Protons In Neutrons Out) was developed, which allows the simulation of neutron spectra considering the geometry of the setup and the proton-energy distribution.
Agriculture Information Service Built on Geospatial Data Infrastructure and Crop Modeling
Creators: name: Honda, Kiyoshi
name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Yui, Akihiro
name: Witayangkurn, Apichon
name: Teeravech, Kumpee
name: Chinnachodteeranun, Rassarin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agriculture
Geotechnical engineering

description: An agricultural information service platform, called FieldTouch,
is being built and tested on geospatial data infrastructure and crop
modeling framework. More than 100 farmers in Hokkaido, Japan,
have been participating on this development and are utilizing the
services for optimizing their daily agricultural practices, e.g.,
planning and targeting areas where to apply fertilizer more to
enhance homogeneity of growth and robustness of crops in their
fields.
FieldTouch integrates multi-scale sensor data for field monitoring,
provides functionality for recording agricultural practices, then
supports farmers in decision making e.g., fertilizer management.
RapidEye satellite images are being used for monitoring
vegetation status updated every two weeks. Field sensor data from
25 nodes record soil moisture and temperature data at different
soil depths, and suites of meteorological variables e.g., rainfall,
minimum and maximum temperature, solar radiation, wind, etc.
every 10 minutes. Data from national weather observation
network, AMeDAS, is also a source of daily weather data. We
used "cloudSense" sensor backend service that serves meta-data
and data to FieldTouch via a standard web service called SOS
(Sensor Observation Service), which brought great flexibility and
enhanced automation of system’s operation.
Using agronomic data from experimental station, the cultivar
parameters (genetic coefficients) of a local wheat variety were
calibrated for the DSSAT (Decision Support System for
Agrotechnology Transfer) crop model using data assimilation.
These were built in a web-based DSSAT wheat crop model called
Tomorrow’s Wheat (TMW) where in a user can explore the
effects of timing of sowing at a given climatic condition, soil and
crop management. TMW accesses long-term weather data from
the on-line observation station up to the most recent archive,
parameterize a built-in weather generator, then generate 100
weather scenarios then runs the wheat model at the chosen
planting date, then two weeks, and one week before and after that.
The yields are presented as distribution of yields at these different
planting options. Future developments are going-on to personalize
more the system so that the user can input fertilizer scenario, and
be able also to apply seasonal climate forecast, and link to the 25
sensor nodes to simulate current plant conditions given a
management scenario. In this way, the user can be informed better
on how to manage their sources of vulnerabilities in their fields.
Factors Affecting the Demand for Milk and Dairy Products in the Slovak Republic
Creators: name: Ľubica Kubicová
name: Predanocyová, Kristína
name: Kádeková, Zdenka
name: Ľubica Kubicová
name: Predanocyová, Kristína
name: Kádeková, Zdenka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Milk and dairy products,
subject: consumption,
subject: factors affecting demand,
subject: consumer behavior.

description: Paper is aimed at dairy sector in the Slovak Republic with an emphasis on identifying the determinants causing low demand for milk and dairy products. The primary objective is to identify consumer behavior and the main factors affecting consumer choices in choosing milk and dairy products. The primary source of information is created by the results of consumer survey proving the consumption of milk and dairy products is widespread among consumers, with cheese and yoghurt as the most preferred ones. The results of the consumer survey were confronted with a survey aimed at identifying the views of producers and processors of milk and dairy products. We identified the main issues, particularly the low redemption price of milk, lack of milk consumption and the absence of sales support.
Around 200 new X-ray binary IDs from 13 years of Chandra observations of the M31 center
Creators: name: Barnard, R.
name: Garcia, M. R.
name: Primini, F.
name: Li, Z.
name: Baganoff, F.
name: Murray, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have created 0.3--10 keV, 13 year, unabsorbed luminosity lightcurves for 528 X-ray sources in the central 20' of M31. We have 174 Chandra observations spaced at ~1 month intervals thanks to our transient monitoring program, deeper observations of the M31 nucleus, and some public data from other surveys. We created 0.5--4.5 keV structure functions (SFs) for each source, for comparison with the ensemble structure function of AGN. We find 220 X-ray sources with luminosities > ~1E+35 erg/s that have SFs with significantly more variability than the ensemble AGN SF, and are likely X-ray binaries (XBs). A further 30 X-ray sources were identified as XBs using other methods. We therefore have 250 probable XBs in total, including ~200 new identifications. This result represents great progress over the ~50 XBs and ~40 XB candidates previously identified out of the ~2000 X-ray sources within the D_25 region of M31; it also demonstrates the power of SF analysis for identifying XBs in external galaxies. We also identify a new transient black hole candidate, associated with the M31 globular cluster B128.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; 20 pages, 7 figures; Tables 1 and 2 continue after the references (8 pages)
Azon elfogott levelek, mellyeknek közhirré tétele a minister-elnök, és a képiselöház által elrendeltetett; [1848]
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2018

description: Einzelaufnahme eines Zs.-Bandes. - Dt. Übers.:"Die abgefangenen Briefe, deren Veröffentlichung vom Premierminister und dem Repräsentantenhaus angeordnet wurde ..."
Fabrication of Efficient and Robust Electrodes for Electrochemical Water Splitting
Creators: name: CHARNETSKAYA, ELEANORA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 340601
subject: Catalysis and mechanisms of reactions
classificationCode: 340604
subject: Electrochemistry
classificationCode: 400402
subject: Chemical and thermal processes in energy and combustion

description: When catastrophic natural events, triggered by climate change, pushed humanity to speed up the transition of the global economy from fossil fuels to clean energy, it became obvious that electrolytically generated hydrogen is the main component of the green economy of the future. Following the latest trends in the development of water splitting electrocatalysis, the present research project aimed to develop and investigate chalcogenide and phosphide-based materials for the hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions under alkaline conditions.
Assessing the relationships people have with their voices
Creators: name: Morris, Rohan
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: voices
hallucinations
assessment
Self-report measures

description: Abstract This body of work comprises a Systematic Literature Review (SLR), research paper and a critical appraisal. SLR Background: There has been an increasing trend to develop self-report assessments of voices. Assessments are crucial for research and clinical practice. However, no SLR of measures has been conducted since 2009. Methods: Databases were systematically searched (MEDLINE, PsychINFO and Scopus) from 2009 to 2019. Measures were assessed for the quality of methods used and measurement properties. Results: Twenty-one measures were identified, none of which were rated at ‘adequate’ or better in more than 3 of 10 areas in their methods used in measure development. No measures had involved voice hearers in the development of item pools. Conclusion: Further research is necessary to develop measures. This should involve people with lived experience. Research paper Background: Relational therapeutic approaches may be beneficial for voice hearers. However, there is currently no English language measure of the Voice Hearer Relationship (VHR) which assesses both positive and negative aspects of the relationship. This study sought to gain an in-depth understanding of VHR with a view to developing an item pool for such a measure. Methods: Qualitative interviews were conducted with voice hearers (n=7) and clinicians (n=8). Results: Thematic analysis revealed four themes. Based on this analysis 93 items were generated regarding the VHR. This item pool will form the basis of a new measure of the VHR.. Conclusion: This study highlights that it is feasible to conduct qualitative research with voice hearers and clinicians for the purposes of developing an item pool regarding the VHR and this may contribute to the comprehensiveness of the measure. Critical Appraisal This chapter discusses: my epistemological position, the choice of analysis, biases in this research (and steps taken to address these), and future directions of this research.
Inferring Shallow-Transfer Machine Translation Rules from Small Parallel Corpora
Creators: name: Sánchez-Martínez, Felipe
name: Forcada, Mikel L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a method for the automatic inference of structural transfer rules to be used in a shallow-transfer machine translation (MT) system from small parallel corpora. The structural transfer rules are based on alignment templates, like those used in statistical MT. Alignment templates are extracted from sentence-aligned parallel corpora and extended with a set of restrictions which are derived from the bilingual dictionary of the MT system and control their application as transfer rules. The experiments conducted using three different language pairs in the free/open-source MT platform Apertium show that translation quality is improved as compared to word-for-word translation (when no transfer rules are used), and that the resulting translation quality is close to that obtained using hand-coded transfer rules. The method we present is entirely unsupervised and benefits from information in the rest of modules of the MT system in which the inferred rules are applied.
ДАВЛАТ ИШТИРОКИДАГИ ХЎЖАЛИК ЖАМИЯТЛАРИДА ДАВЛАТ ВАКИЛЛАРИ ФАОЛИЯТИНИНГ САМАРАДОРЛИГИНИ ОШИРИШ
Creators: name: Нуралиев, Рустам
name: Усманов, Беҳруз
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ушбу мақолада хўжалик жамиятларида давлат вакиллари фаолиятини ташкил этиш, унинг давлат иштирокидаги корхоналар фаолиятини юритишдаги роли ва аҳамияти, шунингдек акциядорлик жамиятларида (АЖ) ва масъулияти чекланган жамиятларда (МЧЖ) уларнинг функциялари ва вазифалари муҳокама қилинади ва давлат иштирокидаги хўжалик жамиятларида давлат вакиллари фаолиятининг самарадорлигини ошириш учун таклифлар берилади.
Classical and Quantum-Mechanical Axioms with the Higher Time Derivative Formalism
Creators: name: Kamalov, Timur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Newtonian mechanics model is essentially the model of a point body in an inertial reference frame. How to describe extended bodies in non-inertial (vibrational) reference frames with the random initial conditions? One of the most general description (known as the higher derivatives formalism) consists in taking into account the infinite number of the higher order temporal derivatives of the coordinates in the Lagrange function. Such formalism describes physical objects in the infinite dimensional space does not contradict quantum mechanics and infinite dimensional Hilbert space.
description: 8 pages. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:quant-ph/0212139
Does Wine Quality Have a Bearing on Exports?
Creators: name: Macedo, Anthony
name: Gouveia, Sofia
name: Rebelo, João
name: Macedo, Anthony
name: Gouveia, Sofia
name: Rebelo, João
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Vertical differentiation;
subject: Market segmentation;
subject: Gravity model;
subject: Douro wine.

description: This study examines the macroeconomic determinants of exports, taking quality into account through vertical differentiation and using data on Portuguese Douro wines. Based on a gravity model from 2006 to 2015 and covering a range of 192 potential trade partners, estimations show that quality influences export performance. However, quality differences are not assimilated in the same way in all international markets, resulting in an export surplus of the best categories of wine to some world regions (West Europe and AngloSaxon countries) and a correspondingly export deficit to other regions (Middle East, North Africa, East Europe and Central Asia).