cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Many-body Majorana-like zero modes without gauge symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Vadimov, V.
name: Hyart, T.
name: Lado, J. L.
name: Möttönen, M.
name: Ala-Nissila, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological superconductors represent one of the key hosts of Majorana-based topological quantum computing. Typical scenarios for one-dimensional topological superconductivity assume a broken gauge symmetry associated to a superconducting state. However, no interacting one-dimensional many-body system is known to spontaneously break gauge symmetries. Here, we show that zero modes emerge in a many-body system without gauge symmetry breaking and in the absence of superconducting order. In particular, we demonstrate that Majorana zero modes of the symmetry-broken superconducting state are continuously connected to these zero-mode excitations, demonstrating that zero-bias anomalies may emerge in the absence of gauge symmetry breaking. We demonstrate that these many-body zero modes share the robustness features of the Majorana zero modes of symmetry-broken topological superconductors. We introduce a bosonization formalism to analyze these excitations and show that a ground state analogous to a topological superconducting state can be analytically found in a certain limit. Our results demonstrate that robust Majorana-like zero modes may appear in a many-body systems without gauge symmetry breaking, thus introducing a family of protected excitations with no single-particle analogs.
Production experiment, subject 50
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 24-year-old male. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
title: 100 Jahre graphische Geschäftsprozessmodellierung
title: Eingeladener Vortrag
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Laue, Ralf
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geschäftsprozessmodellierung
subject: Process Charts

description: 1921 hielten Frank B. and Lillian Moller Gilbreth bei der jährlichen Tagung der American Society of Mechanical Engineers eine Präsentation unter dem Titel Process Charts“ [GG21]. Sie stellten eine graphische Notation vor, mit der Arbeitsabläufe erfasst und vom Management diskutiert werden können. Das Ehepaar Gilbreth gehörte damit zu den Pionieren einer Bewegung, die unter dem Namen „Scientific Management“ bekannt wurde. In Deutschland wurden die von den Gilbreths vorgeschlagenen Darstellungen von Fritz Nordsieck unter den Bezeichnungen „Arbeitsablaufplan“ und „Zergliederungsplan“ bekanntgemacht [N32]. NNeben einer graphischen Notation stellt der Beitrag von Frank B. and Lillian Moller Gilbreth auch eine Methode der Anwendung der als Process Charts bezeichneten Prozessvisualisierungen vor. Im Vortrag wird gezeigt, wie aktuell einige der Aussagen in dieser Methodenbeschreibung auch einhundert Jahre später noch sind. Andrerseits wird auch aufgezeigt, wie sich die Prozessmodellierung weiterentwickeln musste, insbesondere durch die Ersetzung von Hand- durch Maschinenarbeit, die Unterstützung von Prozessen durch Rechentechnik sowie durch die Zunahme von Prozessen, deren Ausführung Wissen und Kreativität erfordert.
Biodegradable PLA composites with different fillers for food packaging application
Creators: name: Marra, Antonella
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The food packaging initially born as a "container" of food for the sale of quantities defined in adequate conditions of hygiene, then had to perform the function of  "protection" of the  food in respect of environment. Today, in fact, the most important function of the packaging, when it comes to preservation technology, is to prevent deterioration of the food, to extend the duration of use of a food and to maintain and /or to increase its quality and integrity. So the main purpose of food packaging is to protect food from bacterial and chemical contamination and, where necessary, from oxygen, water vapour and light keeping the product fresh until use.
The aim of this work is, therefore, to develop new film based on PLA for applications in the food packaging with improved properties such as barrier properties, mechanical, UV properties, antibacterial activity using TiO2 nanoparticles (modified by plasma treatment, and not modified), micro-particles of ZnO (obtained by a process of spray pyrolysis) and nanoparticles of MMT (modified by dimethyl dihydrogenated tallow ammonium). In a first step structural and morphological characterizations were performed, and then a particular study was made on the degradation of PLA composites. The incorporation of particles is an effective tool to control the degradation process in various media, so it was evaluated the UV, hydrolytic, enzymatic and thermal degradation of the PLA with the addition of different fillers (TiO2 , ZnO and MMT). In conclusion, the results are surely satisfactory because it is found that biodegradable PLA based composites can be used for food packaging application.
Evidence for merging or disruption of red galaxies from the evolution of their clustering
Creators: name: White, Martin
name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Jannuzi, Buell T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation and evolution of massive red galaxies form a crucial test of theories of galaxy formation based on hierarchical assembly. In this letter we use observations of the clustering of luminous red galaxies from the Bootes field and N-body simulations to argue that about 1/3 of the most luminous satellite galaxies appear to undergo merging or disruption within massive halos between z~0.9 and z~0.5.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, matches version accepted by ApJLett
BRIC by BRIC. The CorSus of Corporate Social Responsibility. A Corpus-Assisted Discourse Analysis of Sustainability Reports
Creators: name: Aiezza, Maria Cristina
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: The thesis analysed the discourse of Corporate Social Responsibility reports issued by oil and electric companies operating in emerging and industrial countries. Through a combined quantitative and qualitative approach, the research attempted to reveal how linguistic and textual choices are used by firms to build trust and reputation and to pursue their business interests. More specifically, it aimed at identifying common discourses arising within the emerging countries, which could suggest a possible distinction between a 'developing' and a 'developed' environmental ethics.
title: EduInf - Education in Informatics
Creators: name: Marx, Erik
name: Hamann, Anne
name: Baberowski, David
name: Nenner, Christin
name: Kazimiers, Antje
name: Leonhardt, Thiemo
name: Bergner, Nadine
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Schülerlabor
subject: Schüler:innen-Workshops
subject: Teaching Lab
subject: Informatische Bildung
subject: Informatische Grundkompetenzen
subject: Lehrkräftebildung
subject: Lehramtsstudium

description: Das Schülerlabor EduInf der Professur für Didaktik der Informatik der Technischen Universität Dresden strebt die Begeisterung von Kindern und Jugendlichen u und die gleichzeitige Vermittlung von Informatikkompetenzen an, indem eineVielzahl vonWorkshops für Schüler:innen aller Altersstufen angeboten wird. In diesem Beitrag werden Angebote, Ziele und Besonderheiten des EduInf vorgestellt. So soll ein Einblick gegeben werden, wie im Rahmen des EduInf Nachwuchsförderung, Ausbildung von zukünftigen Lehrkräften der Informatik und Forschung im Bereich Informatikdidaktik miteinander verzahnt werden.
NUOVE STRATEGIE NELL'APPROCCIO CHIRURGICO AL TRATTAMENTO DELL'ENDOEMTRIOSI PELVICA ED EXTRAPELVICA
Creators: name: Giampaolino, Pierluigi
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: L'endometriosi è una patologia caratterizzata dalla presenza di tessuto simile all'endometrio al di fuori dell'utero.E' una malttia infiammatoria estrogeno-dipendente, che affligge principalmente le donne in età riproduttiva.La prevalenza riportata è variabile tra  il 2 e il 50% in  donne in età riproduttiva. Attualmente l'eziopatogenesi di tale patologia è  ancora al vaglio e non esiste un riscontro univoco sia sulla sua patogenesi che sul suo trattamento terapeutico. Obiettivo del nostro studio è stato quello di valutare nuove strategie  chirurgiche atte a migliorare l'outcome delle pazienti sottoposte a chirurgia per endoemtriosi pelvica ed extrapelvica.
Sono stati effettuati studi sul trattamento dell'endometrioma ovarico e la correlazione delle dimensioni di questo con la tecnica chirurgica da adottare, al fine di salvaguardare la riserva ovarica.
E'stato effettuato uno studio sulla prevenzione delle aderenze tra ovaio e peritoneo nelle pazienti sottoposte a chirurgia per endometriosi ovarica. Sono stati condotti studi circa la valutazione del dolore pelvico nelle pazienti con endometriosi lieve ed infertilità che si sottopongono alla tecnica di Idrolaparsocpia ambulatoriale. E' stato effettuato uno studio circa il trattamento chirurgico laparoscopico dell'endoemtriosi diaframmatica, rara localizzazione di endometriosi extrapelvica, ponendo nuove indicazioni sulla modalità di trattamento chirurgico laparoscopico di queste lesioni.
Vista la correlazione tra endoemtriosi e neoplasie ginecologiche, è stato effettuato uno studio rivolto a prevenire il linfocele pelvico nelle pazienti sottoposte a chirurgia per neoplasia ginecologica.
I dati ottenuti dai sovramenzionati studi, forniscono importanti implicazioni,al fine di migliorare l'outcome chirurgico delle pazienti che si sottopongono a chirurgia per endometriosi.
title: InfoSphere – Schülerlabor Informatik
title: Ein außerschulischer Lernort für Schülerinnen und Schüler aller Altersstufen und Schulformen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Brocker, Annabell
name: Schramm, Christina
name: Schroeder, Ulrik
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Schülerlabor
subject: außerschulischer Lernort
subject: Informatik
subject: Workshops
subject: Selbstlernangebote
subject: spielerisch

description: Ein Schülerlabor ist ein außerschulischer Lernort, der Schülerinnen und Schülern einen zielgruppengerechten Zugang zu aktuellen (MINT)-Themen über den schulischen Betrieb hinaus ermöglichen soll. Das InfoSphere fokussiert dabei die informatischen Themengebiete und deren Relevanz in Alltagssituationen. Hauptanliegen ist dabei, den Schülerinnen und Schüler einen selbstständigen und explorativen Zugang zu neuen und spannenden Themen zu bieten und sie durch individuelle Betreuung auf diesem Weg zu unterstützten. Konkret bietet das InfoSphere begleitete Präsenz- und Online-Workshop an und stellt darüber hinaus (Selbst-)Lernmaterialien als OER bereit.
The therapeutic management of HIV disease : concurrence with contemporary clinical guidelines among the physicians of British Columbia
Creators: name: Heath, Katherine Valerie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objectives: To describe patterns of knowledge regarding the therapeutic management of HIV-disease and concordance with therapeutic guidelines among three groups of British Columbian physicians and to identify possible determinants of these patterns Methods: Anonymous questionnaires were mailed to: all registrants of a province-wide HIV/AIDS drug treatment program (Group-G, n=659); all physicians who had a patient test HIV positive since 1989 (Group-H, n=816); and a random sample selected from the remaining physicians of British Columbia (Group-R, n=484). Questionnaires provided information about: physician demographic, personal and professional characteristics; level of current and total HIV-related experience; and knowledge of the use of therapeutic strategies including vaccinations, clinical tests, laboratory tests and antiretroviral therapy in the context of HIV patient care. An extended version of the survey sent to Group-G physicians requested additional information about the management of HIV-related opportunistic infections (OIs). Summary scores of patient care knowledge were computed by comparing physician responses to questions pertaining to knowledge of clinical management with recommendations made in contemporary therapeutic guidelines. Linear regression was used to identify associations between physician characteristics and knowledge scores. Results: Complete information was received from 38% of G-Group and 50% of Groups H and R, with limited demographic and experiential information obtained from a further 27%, 18% and 20% of groups G, H and R respectively. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant inverse relationship between physician knowledge and age in all groups (all p<0.02). Increased knowledge scores were also associated with the number of active HIV positive patients in groups G and H (all p<0.001) and lack of specialty training in groups H and R (all p< 0.001). Regarding the additional information gathered from Group-G respondents, physicians practising in Vancouver were more knowledgeable about 01 prophylaxis (p=0.047) while those with medical specialty training were more knowledgeable about the treatment of these illnesses (p=0.009). Conclusion: The data provides evidence of substantial heterogeneity in physician's preferred approaches to the therapeutic management of HIV disease and considerable deviation from contemporary guidelines. The level of concordance with these guidelines is associated with physician characteristics, most notably age, medical specially training and level of current HIV-related experience.
Pulsar's kicks and Gamma-ray bursts
Creators: name: Cui, X. H.
name: Wang, H. G.
name: Xu, R. X.
name: Qiao, G. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consistence of the distributions of pulsar's kick velocities from the model of GRB and from the pulsar observations is tested based on the supernova-GRB ($γ$-ray burst) association and under the assumption that the GRB asymmetric explosions produce pulsars. The deduced distribution of kick velocity from the model of GRB and the observed kick distribution of radio pulsars are checked by K-S test. These two distributions are found to come from a same parent population. This result may indicate that GRBs could be really related to supernova, and that the asymmetry of GRB associated with supernova would cause the kick of pulsars.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, accepeted by A&A
Gli standard di protezione degli Investimenti Diretti Esteri e la tutela internazionale dell'ambiente
Creators: name: Rengo, Feliciana
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Il diritto internazionale degli investimenti è in costante espansione ed in continua evoluzione. Con sempre maggior frequenza, gli Stati si compromettono a salvaguardare i diritti degli investitori stranieri tramite la negoziazione di accordi che perseguono ambiziosi obiettivi di liberalizzazione, facilitano, tra le altre cose, il flusso di investimenti diretti esteri tra paesi. Non è difficile immaginare, dunque, che tale spinta finalistica possa entrare in conflitto con gli obblighi assunti dallo Stato in merito alla tutela di interessi pubblici, tra cui l'ambiente. Tale contrasto si palesa compiutamente in sede arbitrale quando l'impresa straniera contesta la condotta governativa facendo valere la violazione del trattato di investimento in conseguenza dell'adozione, da parte dello Stato-ospite, di misure ambientali interne o dell'implementazione di accordi internazionali in materia ambientale. È pertanto rimesso in capo agli arbitri l'arduo compito di operare un bilanciamento tra interessi di natura contrapposta. Tuttavia, quest'ultimo è reso complesso dalla settoriale e squilibrata regolamentazione degli investimenti esteri che, troppo spesso, sottovaluta i profili ambientali dell'investimento a favore di un'eccessiva protezione del soggetto privato. In virtù di ciò, la presente tesi intende esaminare la tensione esistente tra il right to regulate dello Stato volto alla costruzione ed implementazione di una disciplina (interna ed internazionale) mirante ad assicurare elevati livelli di sostenibilità ambientale e la tutela dell'investimento straniero. L'analisi seguirà il filo conduttore tracciato dai tre principali standard di protezione contenuti nei trattati di investimento: la protezione contro l'espropriazione, il principio del trattamento giusto ed equo ed il principio di non discriminazione.
Untangling polygons and graphs
Creators: name: Cibulka, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Untangling is a process in which some vertices of a planar graph are moved to obtain a straight-line plane drawing. The aim is to move as few vertices as possible. We present an algorithm that untangles the cycle graph C_n while keeping at least Ω(n^{2/3}) vertices fixed. For any graph G, we also present an upper bound on the number of fixed vertices in the worst case. The bound is a function of the number of vertices, maximum degree and diameter of G. One of its consequences is the upper bound O((n log n)^{2/3}) for all 3-vertex-connected planar graphs.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Prism-array lenses for energy filtering in medical x-ray imaging
Creators: name: Fredenberg, Erik
name: Cederstrom, Bjorn
name: Ribbing, Carolina
name: Danielsson, Mats
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional energy filters for x-ray imaging are based on absorbing materials which attenuate low energy photons, sometimes combined with an absorption edge, thus also discriminating towards photons of higher energies. These filters are fairly inefficient, in particular for photons of higher energies, and other methods for achieving a narrower bandwidth have been proposed. Such methods include various types of monochromators, based on for instance mosaic crystals or refractive multi-prism x-ray lenses (MPL's). Prism-array lenses (PAL's) are similar to MPL's, but are shorter, have larger apertures, and higher transmission. A PAL consists of a number of small prisms arranged in columns perpendicular to the optical axis. The column height decreases along the optical axis so that the projection of lens material is approximately linear with a Fresnel phase-plate pattern superimposed on it. The focusing effect is one dimensional, and the lens is chromatic. Hence, unwanted energies can be blocked by placing a slit in the image plane of a desired energy. We present the first experimental and theoretical results on an energy filter based on a silicon PAL. The study includes an evaluation of the spectral shaping properties of the filter as well as a quantification of the achievable increase in dose efficiency compared to standard methods. Previously, PAL's have been investigated with synchrotron radiation, but in this study a medical imaging setup, based on a regular x-ray tube, is considered.
Quarkonium production in ultra-relativistic nuclear collisions: suppression vs. enhancement
Creators: name: Braun-Munzinger, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a brief review of the various scenarios for quarkonium production in ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions we focus on the ingredients and assumptions underlying the statistical hadronization model. We then confront model predictions for J/$ψ$ phase space distributions with the most recent data from the RHIC accelerator. Analysis of the rapidity dependence of the J/$ψ$ nuclear modification factor yields first evidence for the production of J/$ψ$ mesons at the phase boundary. We conclude with predictions for charmonium production at the LHC.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, invited paper, Quark Matter 2006 conference, Shanghai, submitted to J. Phys. G
Low complexity method for large-scale self-consistent ab initio electronic-structure calculations without localization
Creators: name: Rayson, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel low complexity method to perform self-consistent electronic-structure calculations using the Kohn-Sham formalism of density functional theory is presented. Localization constraints are neither imposed nor required thereby allowing direct comparison with conventional cubically scaling algorithms. The method has, to date, the lowest complexity of any algorithm for an exact calculation. A simple one-dimensional model system is used to thoroughly test the numerical stability of the algorithm and results for a real physical system are also given.
The physics of pan evaporation
Creators: name: Lim, Wee Ho
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: QC915.5.L56 2013
subject: Pan evaporation

description: Evaporation pans are traditionally used as physical means to quantify the evaporative demand of the atmosphere to assist irrigation scheduling and water resources management. Long-term pan evaporation data available worldwide may be useful for climate science investigations. However, basic understanding of the physics of pan evaporation is limited, and this thesis attempted to fill this knowledge gap by experimental monitoring and theoretical formulations. An instrumented US Class A pan (with bird guard) that is a replica of that used by the Australian Bureau of Meteorology (BoM) was installed at Canberra Airport (Australia) and monitored for three years (2007-2010). The experimental facility measured the water level, temperature (water surface, air, bulk water, pan wall), (short- and long-wave) radiation, wind speed, air vapour pressure and atmospheric pressure at sub-daily intervals. These data formed the basis for investigating the aerodynamics and energy balance of the pan under non-steady state conditions. The key outcomes are the following: A framework for quantifying vapour transfer was developed by coupling Fick's First Law of Diffusion with boundary layer theory. It sufficiently represents the mass transfer of the experimental pan under non-steady state conditions when water surface temperature data is available. This approach provides quantitative interpretation for the boundary layer thickness and air properties for the pan. Generic equations to quantify heat transfer (radiative and sensible heat) of the pan were formulated by considering the system geometry (solar and pan), surface properties (albedo and emissivity) of the pan water surface and the pan wall. They enabled better understanding of the relation between pan evaporation and lake and reference crop evaporation. By combining the aerodynamic and radiative formulations developed from the experimental pan, two versions of a new steady state model (PenPan-V2C and PenPan-V2S) of pan evaporation were developed and evaluated using high quality pan evaporation data in Australian continent. The PenPan-V2S model was found to be as robust as the PenPan-V2C model and suited to general applications because of its simplicity. The results presented in this thesis should be useful for better interpretation of the long-term pan evaporation records. It is hoped that it would assist the evaluation of the outputs of General Circulation Models (GCMs) and the studies of water availability in a changing environment.
An INTEGRAL/IBIS view of Young Galactic SNRs through the 44Ti gamma-ray lines
Creators: name: Renaud, M.
name: Vink, J.
name: Decourchelle, A.
name: Lebrun, F.
name: Terrier, R.
name: Ballet, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results of INTEGRAL/IBIS observations on Cas A, Tycho and Vela Junior Supernova remnants in the line emission of 44Ti. This radioactive nucleus is thought to be exclusively produced in supernovae during the first stages of the explosion. It has a lifetime of about 87 y and is then the best indicator of young SNRs, as exemplified by the detection of 44Ti in the youngest known Galactic SNR Cas A with GRO/COMPTEL and latter with BeppoSAX. In this paper, we will focus on this SNR for which we confirm the detection of 44Ti and point out the importance to know the nature of the hard X-ray continuum, the Tycho SNR, for which no indication of 44Ti was ever reported, and Vela Junior, for which the claimed detection of 44Ti with COMPTEL is still controversial. The INTEGRAL/IBIS observations bring new constraints on the nature of these SNRs and on the nucleosynthesis which took place during the explosions.
description: Accepted for publication in New Astronomy Reviews ("Astronomy with Radioactivites V" conference, Clemson Univ., Sept. 2005). 6 pages, 2 figures
North–South relations and human rights
Creators: name: Keethaponcalan, Soosaipillai I
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 0
Subjects: Sri Lanka
Human rights
International relations

description: There are apparent differences between the developed North and the economically weak South. The relations between the North and South are marked by dichotomies and in order to deal with the challenges posed by the South, the North choses
control and cooperation. The North uses several instruments including economic assistance to achieve its objectives. One of the new tools that is increasingly taken advantage of is human rights. Although there exists a genuine concern about human rights standards in the South, action on these issues almost always depends on national interest of the states in the North. This paradigm is proved true by the present human rights campaign the United States is undertaking against Sri Lanka in the United Nations Human Rights Council. The US and its Western allies believe that serious human rights violations have been committed during the last phase of the war in Sri Lanka. Promoting accountability and insisting on an international investigation, the US has successfully presented three resolutions on Sri Lanka since 2012. This paper argues that the US action is motivated primarily by its national interest. At the secondary level the US is interested in curtailing what is called the Sri Lanka model of conflict resolution and promoting reconciliation.
The Pion Cloud of the Nucleon: Facts and popular Fantasies
Creators: name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss the concept of the pion cloud surrounding the nucleon and other hadrons - and its limitations.
description: 9 pp, 3 figs, invited talk, to appear in the proceedings of the workshop ``Shape of Hadrons'' (Athens, Greece, 2006)
title: Distanzlabore in der ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Ausbildung
Creators: name: Bunse, Christian
name: Kennes, Lieven Nils
name: Kuht, Jan-Christian
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distanzlehre
subject: Labore
subject: ingenieurwissenschaftliche Ausbildung

description: Distanzlabore in der ingenieurwissenschaftlichen AusbildungLaborveranstaltungen sind vor allem in ingenieuwissenschaftlichen Studiengängen ein unverzichtbarer Bestandteil der Ausbildung. Labore vertiefen theoretisch erworbene Grundlagen, überführen sie in praxisbezogenes Handlungswissen und motivieren Studierende zu eigenständigen Problemlösungen. Akute Probleme der Laborausbildung sind das Verhältnis von Studierenden zu Laborplätzen, Mangel an Ressourcen sowie die Verfügbarkeit von moderner Gerätetechnik. Das hier vorgestellte Konzept (DistLab) realisiert das bereits länger diskutierte Konzept der Distanzlabore für ausgewählte Module ingenieurwissenschaftlicher Studiengänge in wei Säulen: Hybrid und virtuell. Ein hybrides Labor ermöglicht die Nutzung real existierender Geräte von einem räumlich entfernten Standpunkt. Ein virtuelles Labor bildet reale Geräte vollständig digital ab und ermöglicht die Versuchsdurchführung auch von zu Hause aus. Beide Konzepte ermöglichen die orts- sowie zeitungebundene Realisierung von Laborveranstaltungen und bieten dadurch einen deutlichen Mehrwert hinsichtlich Flexibilität, Qualität und selbstbestimmter Lerngeschwindigkeit. Dieser Vorteil ist so groß, dass Distanzlabore auch in Nicht-Pandemiezeiten aufrechterhalten werden sollten.
Oxygen Vacancy Induced Ferromagnetism in V$_2$O$_{5-x}$
Creators: name: Xiao, Zhi Ren
name: Guo, Guang Yu
name: Lee, Po Han
name: Hsu, Hua Shu
name: Huang, Jung Chun Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: {\it Ab initio} calculations within density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation have been performed to study the effects of oxygen vacancies on the electronic structure and magnetism in undoped V$_2$O$_{5-x}$ ($0 < x < 0.5$). It is found that the introduction of oxygen vacancies would induce ferromagnetism in V$_2$O$_{5-x}$ with the magnetization being proportional to the O vacancy concentration $x$. The calculated electronic structure reveals that the valence electrons released by the introduction of oxygen vacancies would occupy mainly the neighboring V $d_{xy}$-dominant band which then becomes spin-polarized due to intra-atomic exchange interaction, thereby giving rise to the half-metallic ferromagnetism.
description: To be published as a Letter in J. Phys. Soc. Japan
Nonlinear Schrödinger equations and generalized Heisenberg uncertainty principle violating the principle of estimation independence
Creators: name: Budiyono, Agung
name: Dipojono, Hermawan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the advantages of a reconstruction of quantum mechanics based on transparent physical axioms is that it may offer insight to naturally generalize quantum mechanics by relaxing the axioms. Here, we discuss possible extensions of quantum mechanics within a general epistemic framework based on an operational scheme of estimation of momentum given positions under epistemic restriction. The epistemic restriction is parameterized by a global-nonseparable random variable on the order of Planck constant, an ontic extension to the separable classical phase space variables. Within the estimation scheme, the canonical quantum laws is reconstructed for a specific estimator and estimation error. In the present work, keeping the Born's quadratic law intact, we construct a class of nonlinear variants of Schrödinger equation and generalized Heisenberg uncertainty principle within the estimation scheme by assuming a more general class of estimation errors. The nonlinearity of the Schrödinger equation and the deviation from the Heisenberg uncertainty principle thus have a common transparent operational origin in terms of generalizations of estimation errors. We then argue that a broad class of nonlinearities and deviations from Heisenberg uncertainty principle arise from estimation errors violating a plausible inferential-causality principle of estimation independence which is respected by the standard quantum mechanics. This result therefore constrains possible extensions of quantum mechanics, and suggests directions to generalize quantum mechanics which comply with the principle of estimation independence.
Cosmological quests in the CMB sky
Creators: name: Souradeep, Tarun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational Cosmology has indeed made very rapid progress in recent years. The ability to quantify the universe has largely improved due to observational constraints coming from structure formation Measurements of CMB anisotropy and, more recently, polarization have played a very important role. Besides precise determination of various parameters of the `standard' cosmological model, observations have also established some important basic tenets that underlie models of cosmology and structure formation in the universe -- `acausally' correlated initial perturbations in a flat, statistically isotropic universe, adiabatic nature of primordial density perturbations. These are consistent with the expectation of the paradigm of inflation and the generic prediction of the simplest realization of inflationary scenario in the early universe. Further, gravitational instability is the established mechanism for structure formation from these initial perturbations. In the next decade, future experiments promise to strengthen these deductions and uncover the remaining crucial signature of inflation -- the primordial gravitational wave background.
description: Plenary talk at the International Conference on Einstein's Legacy in the New Millennium, December 15 - 22, 2005, Puri, India; to appear in the Proceedings to be published in IJMPD; 18 pages, 7 figures
title: Towards method- and tool-independent business process modeling
Creators: name: Frerichs, Marc
name: Leible, Stephan
name: Nüttgens, Markus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: business process modeling
subject: meta model
subject: process model transformation
subject: tool interoperability

description: The last decades have brought significant developments in the field of Business Process Management (BPM). Practice and science have developed and established new approaches such as Process Mining and Robotic Process Automation. However, within these developments, new techniques, tools, formats, and models are constantly being designed that work well in their specific focus but are usually not interoperable with other applications. The diversity of the market thus also brings disadvantages. This is where we start with our research; we conceptualize and develop an architecture that builds a bridge between Process-Aware Information Systems and BPM tools using Design Science Research methodology. With this approach, we want to make a contribution towards method- and tool-independent modeling.
Properties of Liquid Argon Scintillation Light Emission
Creators: name: Segreto, Ettore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Liquid argon is used as active medium in a variety of neutrino and Dark Matter experiments thanks to its excellent properties of charge yield and transport and as a scintillator. Liquid argon scintillation photons are emitted in a narrow band of 10~nm centered around 127 nm and with a characteristic time profile made by two components originated by the decay of the lowest lying singlet and triplet state of the excimer Ar$_2^*$ to the dissociative ground state. A model is proposed which takes into account the quenching of the long lived triplet states through the self-interaction with other triplet states or through the interaction with molecular Ar$_2^+$ ions. The model predicts the time profile of the scintillation signals and its dependence on the intensity of an external electric field and on the density of deposited energy, if the relative abundance of the unquenched fast and slow components is know. The model successfully explains the experimentally observed dependence of the characteristic time of the slow component on the intensity of the applied electric field and the increase of photon yield of liquid argon when doped with small quantities of xenon (at the ppm level). The model also predicts the dependence of the pulse shape parameter, F$_{prompt}$, for electron and nuclear recoils on the recoil energy and the behavior of the relative light yield of nuclear recoils in liquid argon, $\mathcal{L}_{eff}$
Production experiment, subject 49
Creators: name: Lau-Preechathammarach, Raksit Tyler
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: kdt

description: Target and distractor stimuli embedded in carrier sentences. Subject is a 54-year-old male. Carried out in a quiet room in the temple of Wat Nakharin in Ban Khi Nak.
Measurement of charmless $B$ Decays to $ηK^*$ and $ηρ$
Creators: name: The Belle Collaboration
name: Wang, C. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of branching fractions and CP asymmetries for $B \to ηK^*$ and $B \to ηρ$ decays. These results are obtained from a $414 {\rm fb}^{-1}$ data sample collected at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance with the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric-energy $e^+ e^-$ collider. We measure the following branching fractions: ${\mathcal B}(B^0 \to ηK^{*0}) = (15.2 \pm 1.2 \pm 1.0)\times 10^{-6}$ and ${\mathcal B}(B^+\toηK^{*+}) = (19.3^{+2.0}_{-1.9}\pm 1.5)\times 10^{-6}$, where the first error is statistical and the second systematic. We also find a $2.7σ$ excess in the $B^+\toηρ^+$ mode and measure $\mathcal B(B^+\toηρ^+)= (4.1^{+1.4}_{-1.3}\pm 0.4)\times 10^{-6} <6.5 \times 10^{-6}$ at 90% confidence level. For $B^0 \to ηρ^0$ decays, we determine the upper limit $\mathcal B(B^0\toηρ^0) < 1.9 \times 10^{-6}$ at 90% confidence level. The partial rate asymmetries are ${\mathcal A_{CP}}(ηK^{*0}) = 0.17 \pm 0.08 \pm 0.01$, ${\mathcal A_{CP}}(ηK^{*+}) = 0.03 \pm 0.10 \pm 0.01$, and ${\mathcal A_{CP}}(ηρ^+) = -0.04^{+0.34}_{-0.32}\pm 0.01$.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, to be submitted to PRD, journal version of ICHEP06 conference paper hep-ex/0608034 with refinement of analysis
title: Carpe Diem: A Lifelong Learning Tool for Automated Wildlife Surveillance
title: Implementing Active and Incremental Learning for Object Detection
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Brust, Clemens-Alexander
name: Barz, Björn
name: Denzler, Joachim
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Lifelong Learning
subject: Object Detection
subject: Automated Monitoring

description: We introduce Carpe Diem, an interactive tool for object detection tasks such as automated wildlife surveillance. It reduces the annotation effort by a utomatically selecting informative images for annotation, facilitates the annotation process by proposing likely objects and labels, and accelerates the integration of new labels into the deep neural network model by avoiding re-training from scratch. Carpe Diem implements active learning, which intelligently explores unlabeled data and only selects valuable examples to avoid redundant annotations. This strategy saves expensive human resources. Moreover, incremental learning enables a continually improving model. Whenever new annotations are available, the model can be updated efficiently and quickly, without re-training, and regardless of the amount of accumulated training data. Because there is no single large training step, the model can be used to make predictions at any time. We exploit this in our annotation process, where users only confirm or reject proposals instead of manually drawing bounding boxes.
Mixed Precision Fermi-Operator Expansion on Tensor Cores From a Machine Learning Perspective
Creators: name: Finkelstein, Joshua
name: Smith, Justin
name: Mniszewski, Susan M.
name: Barros, Kipton
name: Negre, Christian F. A.
name: Rubensson, Emanuel H.
name: Niklasson, Anders M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a second-order recursive Fermi-operator expansion scheme using mixed precision floating point operations to perform electronic structure calculations using tensor core units. A performance of over 100 teraFLOPs is achieved for half-precision floating point operations on Nvidia's A100 tensor core units. The second-order recursive Fermi-operator scheme is formulated in terms of a generalized, differentiable deep neural network structure, which solves the quantum mechanical electronic structure problem. We demonstrate how this network can be accelerated by optimizing the weight and bias values to substantially reduce the number of layers required for convergence. We also show how this machine learning approach can be used to optimize the coefficients of the recursive Fermi-operator expansion to accurately represent fractional occupation numbers of the electronic states at finite temperatures.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Spectropolarimetric diagnostics of thermonuclear supernova explosions
Creators: name: Wang, Lifan
name: Baade, Dietrich
name: Patat, Ferdinando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Even at extragalactic distances, the shape of supernova ejecta can be effectively diagnosed by spectropolarimetry. We present here results for 17 Type Ia supernovae that allow a statistical study of the correlation among the geometric structures and other observable parameters of Type Ia supernovae. These observations suggest that their ejecta typically consist of a smooth, central iron rich core and an outer layer with chemical asymmetries. The degree of this peripheral asphericity is correlated with the light-curve decline rate of Type Ia supernovae. These observations lend strong support to delayed-detonation models of Type Ia supernovae.
description: To Appear in Science
Void-Supercluster Alignments
Creators: name: Park, Daeseong
name: Lee, Jounghun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate alignments between the spin axes of cosmic voids and the principal axes of nearby superclusters using the Millennium Run simulation of a LCDM cosmology. The concept of void spin was first introduced by Lee and Park in 2006 to quantify the tidal effect on voids from the surrounding matter distribution. Our numerical analysis reveals that the void spin axes are strongly aligned with the supercluster minor axes, but anti-aligned with the major axes, and have no correlations with the intermediate axes. We provide physical explanations to this numerical results on the basis of tidally induced correlations. It is expected that our work will provide a new insight into the characterization of the cosmic web on the largest scale.
description: accepted by ApJ, revised version, improved analysis and discussion, 4 more figures added, 18 pages, 8 figures
OCS-INA Supplementary
Creators: name: Prawiroharjo, Pukovisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: OCS-INA (Oxford Cognitive Screen Indonesian Version) Supplementary files. We include 3 files of OCS-INA: 1) OCS-INA (Oxford Cognitive Screen Indonesian Version) Form, 2) OCS-INA (Oxford Cognitive Screen Indonesian Version) Booklet Test, 3) OCS-INA (Oxford Cognitive Screen Indonesian Version) Examination Guide
Efficient and Robust Long-Form Speech Recognition with Hybrid H3-Conformer
Creators: name: Honda, Tomoki
name: Sakai, Shinsuke
name: Kawahara, Tatsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, Conformer has achieved state-of-the-art performance in many speech recognition tasks. However, the Transformer-based models show significant deterioration for long-form speech, such as lectures, because the self-attention mechanism becomes unreliable with the computation of the square order of the input length. To solve the problem, we incorporate a kind of state-space model, Hungry Hungry Hippos (H3), to replace or complement the multi-head self-attention (MHSA). H3 allows for efficient modeling of long-form sequences with a linear-order computation. In experiments using two datasets of CSJ and LibriSpeech, our proposed H3-Conformer model performs efficient and robust recognition of long-form speech. Moreover, we propose a hybrid of H3 and MHSA and show that using H3 in higher layers and MHSA in lower layers provides significant improvement in online recognition. We also investigate a parallel use of H3 and MHSA in all layers, resulting in the best performance.
description: Submitted to InterSpeech2024, Sample code is available at https://github.com/mirrormouse/Hybrid-H3-Conformer
title: Modellierung einer digitalen Hochschule post-Corona
title: Einflüsse und Nachwirkungen der pandemiebedingten Transformation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gilch, Harald
name: Jungermann, Imke
name: Wannemacher, Klaus
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Informatik, Bonn
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digitale Hochschule
subject: Modellhochschule
subject: Strategie
subject: Forschung
subject: Lehren und Lernen
subject: Studienangebot
subject: Verwaltung
subject: Vernetzung
subject: IT-Sicherheit
subject: Personalentwicklung

description: Ausgehend von verschiedenen empirischen Erhebungen zum Stand der Digitalisierung an den Hochschulen wird unter Berücksichtigung der an den Hochschulen bereits vorliegenden vielfältigen Ansätze, Konzepte, Ideen und Erfahrungen eine prototypische Beschreibung einer weiter entwickelten, umfassend digital unterstützten Hochschule vorgenommen. Die im Kontext einer bundesweiten Vollerhebung 2019 erstmals definierten Faktoren, die eine digitale Modellhochschule prägen könnten, werden mit dem neuen Sachstand abgeglichen, der sich 2020/2021 in Zusammenhang mit dem weitreichenden Digitalisierungsschub an den Hochschulen ergeben hat. Durch die erheblichen Veränderungen, zu denen es in allen Bereichen der Hochschule angesichts der erzwungenen Umstellungen im Zuge der Corona-Pandemie kam, müssen zahlreiche der Faktoren, die ursprünglich für die Modellierung einer Hochschule der digitalen Zukunft herangezogen wurden, neu gewichtet und das Modell einer umfassend digitalisierten Hochschule fortgeschrieben werden.
O'ZBEK TILIDAGI YO'NALMA HARAKAT FE'LLARINING SEMANTIK XUSUSIYATLARI
Creators: name: Nashirova Dilnoza Burievna Qarshi muhandislik-iqtisodiyot instituti o'qituvchisi Toshkent amaliy fanlar universiteti professori B.R.Mengliyev taqrizi asosida
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Sistem tilshunoslikning an’anaviy lingvistikadan farqi shundaki, “sistem tilshunoslik tilga tizim sifatida yondashadi, tizim qonuniyatlari asosida til, uning birliklari va hodisalarini talqin etadi. Nutq faoliyati mahsulida umumiylik va xususiylikni, mohiyat va hodisani, imkoniyat va voqelikni farqlaydi. Klassik leksikologiya an’anaviy tilshunoslikning boshqa tarmoqlari kabi tilning eng kichik ma’no tashuvchi bo‘lagi so‘z semalarini tahlil qilishda uning ma’no tarkibi va ko‘lamiga ahamiyat qaratadi. Leksema tarkibidagi konseptual, kontekstual va funksional semalarni aniqlaydi. Sistem leksikologiya esa so‘z ma’nosiga munosabat prizmasi orqali yondashishni taklif etadi.

Kalit so‘zlar: Sistem tilshunoslik, an’anaviy lingvistika, tizim, klassik leksikologiya, tarmoqlar, leksema, konseptual, kontekstual, funksional, sema