cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HIV infection as vascular risk: A systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Gutierrez Contreras, Jose
name: Albuquerque, Ana Letícia A.
name: Falzon, Louise
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: HIV infections
Meta-analysis
Blood-vessels--Diseases
Myocardial infarction--Risk factors

description: Importance

The vascular risk attributable to HIV infection is rising. The heterogeneity of the samples studied is an obstacle to understanding whether HIV is a vascular risk across geographic regions.

Objective

To test the hypothesis that HIV infection is a vascular risk factor, and that the risk conferred by HIV varies by geographical region.

Data sources

A systematic search of publications was carried out in seven electronic databases: PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMBASE, Web of Science, LILACS, ClinicalTrials.gov, and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform from inception to July 2015.

Study selection

We included longitudinal studies of HIV+ individuals and their risk of vascular outcomes of ≥ 50 HIV+ cases and excluded studies on biomarkers of vascular disease as well as clinical trials.

Data extraction and synthesis

Data was extracted by one of the authors and independently confirmed by the other two authors. We used incidence rate (IR), incidence risk ratio (IRR) and hazard ratio (HR) with their 95% confidence intervals as measures of risk.

Main outcome

All-death, myocardial infarction (MI), coronary heart disease (CHD), any stroke, ischemic stroke (IS) or intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).

Results

We screened 11,482 references for eligibility, and selected 117 for analysis. Forty-four cohorts represented 334,417 HIV+ individuals, 49% from the United States. Compared with their European counterparts, HIV+ individuals in the United States had higher IR of death (IRR 1.78, 1.69–1.88), MI (IRR 1.61, 1.29–2.01), CHD (IRR 2.27, 1.92–2.68), any stroke (IRR 1.94, 1.59–2.38), IS (IRR 1.56, 1.23–1.98), and ICH (IRR 4.03, 2.72–6.14). Compared with HIV- controls and independent of geographical region, HIV was a risk for death (HR 4.77, 4.55–5.00), MI (HR 1.60, 1.49–1.72), any CHD (HR 1.20, 1.15–1.25), any stroke (HR 1.82, 1.53–2.16), IS (HR 1.27, 1.15–1.39) and ICH (HR 2.20, 1.61–3.02). Use of antiretroviral therapy was a consistent risk for cardiac outcomes, while immunosuppression and unsuppressed viral load were consistent risks for cerebral outcomes.

Conclusions

HIV should be considered a vascular risk, with varying magnitudes across geographical and anatomical regions. We think that strategies to reduce the HIV-related vascular burden are urgent, and should incorporate the disparities noted here.
Downstream characteristics of in-stream wood in Wigwam Creek, Alberta
Creators: name: Nicoll, Amy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this study I examined downstream patterns of wood characteristics and stand dynamics in a small basin in the Upper Foothills of Alberta. Fourteen study reaches were surveyed for wood size, orientation, position, origin and function, channel parameters including bankfull width, depth, slope and bed surface texture, and tree diameter, density and species composition of the adjacent riparian forest using the point centred quarter method. Based on geomorphic process domains, total stream power estimations and critical thresholds of change among wood attributes, I determined that wood movement began between 7-10km² drainage area. Upstream of this point wood had relatively little geomorphic function and decay was the main output process. Wood characteristics responded strongly to the downstream increase in transport capacity. Wood loads ceased to resemble adjacent forests near the colluvial-fluvial boundary as wood began to be affected by transport. Total wood load decreased, and wood orientation changed from perpendicular to parallel as transport capacity increased downstream. Decay classes 1, 2 and 5 were more abundant in transport-limited reaches while decay class 3 was more abundant downstream. Log positions within the channel varied with transport capacity, with fewer bridges and more loose and braced wood found downstream of the valley step. Partial bridges and anchored wood occurred in the same amounts throughout the stream network. Wood distribution changed from segregated in transport-limited reaches to aggregated in transporting reaches. Most logs had been dead for less than 40 years, but some had persisted for over 125 years in transport-limited reaches. The mean age of woody debris did not change downstream since riparian stands were similar along the stream network. These findings have implications for forest management and aquatic systems in the Upper Foothills region.
Fast Neutron Detector for Fusion Reactor KSTAR Using Stilbene Scintillator
Creators: name: Lee, Seung Kyu
name: Kang, Byoung-Hwi
name: Kim, Gi-Dong
name: Kim, Yong-Kyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Various neutron diagnostic tools are used in fusion reactors to evaluate different aspects of plasma performance, such as fusion power, power density, ion temperature, fast ion energy, and their spatial distributions. The stilbene scintillator has been proposed for use as a neutron diagnostic system to measure the characteristics of neutrons from the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) fusion reactor. Specially designed electronics are necessary to measure fast neutron spectra with high radiation from a gamma-ray background. The signals from neutrons and gamma-rays are discriminated by the digital charge pulse shape discrimination (PSD) method, which uses total to partial charge ratio analysis. The signals are digitized by a flash analog-to-digital convertor (FADC). To evaluate the performance of the fabricated stilbene neutron diagnostic system, the efficiency of 10 mm soft-iron magnetic shielding and the detection efficiency of fast neutrons were tested experimentally using a 252Cf neutron source. In the results, the designed and fabricated stilbene neutron diagnostic system performed well in discriminating neutrons from gamma-rays under the high magnetic field conditions during KSTAR operation. Fast neutrons of 2.45 MeV were effectively measured and evaluated during the 2011 KSTAR campaign.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, conference
title: Comparison of different devices for endoluminal radiofrequency ablation: ex-vivo data.
Creators: name: Rheinheimer, Stephan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Experimental
subject: Not applicable
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Ablation procedures
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Experimental
subject: Oncology
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Biliary Tract / Gallbladder
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Ex-vivo comparison of different endoluminal bipolar radiofrequency ablation (RFA)probes at different energy settings. In malignant obstruction of the bile duct local tumor control is mandatory for obtaining a good quality of life and to prolong...
Policy Briefs / Impact Factsheets
Creators: name: Callerstig, Anne-Charlott
name: Guenther, Elisabeth Anna
name: Humbert, Anne Laure
name: Klatt, Sandra
name: Müller, Jörg
name: Sandström, Ulf
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Gender Diversity
Team Science
Gender Equality

description: The document contains the six "Impact Factsheets" or Policy Briefs developed by the GEDII Consortium based upon the scientific literature on gender diversity in teams and its own project results. The briefs address:

	Gender Diversity - Implications for EU Policy Making
	Gender Diversity - Implications for Human Resource Management
	Gender Diversity - Implications for Research Team Leaders
	Gender Diversity - Implications for Research Funding Organizations
	Gender Diversity - Implications for Gender and Science Policy Making
	How inclusive is your team. The Gender Diversity Index.
description: GEDII Project Deliverable 5.3
title: Hyetograph simulation of high-intense rainfall events
title: Hydrology days 2008
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2008
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Konecny, Franz
name: Strauss, Peter
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008

description: 2008 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 26 - March 28, 2008.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: The simulation of storm hyetographs is an important issue for various applications in hydrology and soil sciences. In this study we present a modification of the simple scaling model of Koutsoyiannis and Foufoula-Georgiou (1993), which assume a piecewise linear relationship between the logarithmic duration and logarithmic expected depth of an event. The expectation of the rainfall depth is estimated by local regression smoothing.
The Regional Hydrologic Extremes Assessment System: A software framework for hydrologic modeling and data assimilation
Creators: name: Andreadis, Konstantinos
name: Das, Narendra N.
name: Stampoulis, Dimitrios
name: Ines, Amor Valeriano M.
name: Fisher, Joshua B.
name: Granger, Stephanie
name: Kawata, Jessie
name: Han, Eun Jin
name: Behrangi, Ali
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hydrologic models
Hydrological forecasting
Computer software
Climatology

description: The Regional Hydrologic Extremes Assessment System (RHEAS) is a prototype software framework for hydrologic modeling and data assimilation that automates the deployment of water resources nowcasting and forecasting applications. A spatially-enabled database is a key component of the software that can ingest a suite of satellite and model datasets while facilitating the interfacing with Geographic Information System (GIS) applications. The datasets ingested are obtained from numerous space-borne sensors and represent multiple components of the water cycle. The object-oriented design of the software allows for modularity and extensibility, showcased here with the coupling of the core hydrologic model with a crop growth model. RHEAS can exploit multi-threading to scale with increasing number of processors, while the database allows delivery of data products and associated uncertainty through a variety of GIS platforms. A set of three example implementations of RHEAS in the United States and Kenya are described to demonstrate the different features of the system in real-world applications.
Spectroscopic bulge-disc decomposition: a new method to study the evolution of lenticular galaxies
Creators: name: Johnston, E. J.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, A.
name: Merrifield, M. R.
name: Bedregal, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new method for spectroscopic bulge-disc decomposition is presented, in which the spatial light profile in a two-dimensional spectrum is decomposed wavelength-by-wavelength into bulge and disc components, allowing separate one-dimensional spectra for each component to be constructed. This method has been applied to observations of a sample of nine S0s in the Fornax Cluster in order to obtain clean high-quality spectra of their individual bulge and disc components. So far this decomposition has only been fully successful when applied to galaxies with clean light profiles, consequently limiting the number of galaxies that could be separated into bulge and disc components. Lick index stellar population analysis of the component spectra reveals that in those galaxies where the bulge and disc could be distinguished, the bulges have systematically higher metallicities and younger stellar populations than the discs. This correlation is consistent with a picture in which S0 formation comprises the shutting down of star formation in the disc accompanied by a final burst of star formation in the bulge. The variation in spatial-fit parameters with wavelength also allows us to measure approximate colour gradients in the individual components. Such gradients were detected separately in both bulges and discs, in the sense that redder light is systematically more centrally concentrated in all components. However, a search for radial variations in the absorption line strengths determined for the individual components revealed that they are absent from the vast majority of S0 discs and bulges. The absence of gradients in line indices for most galaxies implies that the colour gradient cannot be attributed to age or metallicity variations, and is therefore most likely associated with varying degrees of obscuration by dust.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Automated classification of chest X-rays by Deep Learning model trained on the CheXpert dataset and validation with a prospective local dataset. Initial results, challenges, and opportunities
Creators: name: Diaz, Facundo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Education and training
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Neural networks
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Chest x-ray(CXR) represents the most common worldwide image study [1,2]. The increasing clinical demand results in work overload and, sometimes, unreported studies[3]. The UK estimates that 330,000 patients are waiting more than 30 days for their...
Prozessmetadaten für die digitalen Geisteswissenschaften
Creators: name: Jung, Kerstin
name: Gärtner, Markus
name: Schembera, Björn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Prozessmetadaten
Workflow
FORGE2021

description: Prozessmetadaten sind Teil einer nachhaltigen Dokumentation von erzeugten Forschungsdaten und -ergebnissen. Sie dienen dazu, die zum Forschungsprozess getroffenen Entscheidungen möglichst genau festzuhalten und helfen damit den Nachnutzenden zu bewerten, ob sich die Daten für die eigene Forschungsfrage eignen bzw. ob Ergebnisse verglichen werden können. Dabei spielen in den digitalen Geisteswissenschaften sowohl von automatischen Werkzeugen ausge-führte wie auch manuelle Arbeitsschritte eine essentielle Rolle. Im Rahmen einer Abbildung von drei Schemata für Prozessmetadaten aus verschiedenen Projekten wird untersucht, wie spezifisch die Ablauf-informationen für die digitalen Geisteswissenschaften in der Speicherung als Prozessmetadaten sind. Dabei werden die Schemata GRAIN aus der Computerlinguistik, RePlay-DH für die Digital Humanities und EngMeta aus den Ingenieurwissenschaften betrachtet. Allen betrachteten An-sätzen liegt eine Struktur aus Eingabe, Operation und Ausgabe zu Grunde, die eine prinzipielle Abbildung ermöglicht, aber Spielraum für individuelle Ausprägungen lässt und damit jeweils Annahmen für den spezifischen Einsatz enthält.
title: Introduction to Corporate Governance
Creators: name: Larcker, David F.
name: Tayan, Brian
Publisher: name: Stanford Graduate School of Business
Year: 2020

description: Corporate governance has become a well-discussed and controversial topic among corporations, shareholders, and the general public. However, the debate over what constitutes “good governance” often lacks structure, making it difficult for shareholders and stakeholders alike to have a constructive discussion about how to improve corporate outcomes. This Quick Guide provides an introduction to the central concepts of corporate governance, which are developed in greater detail throughout the Quick Guide Series. It provides answers to the questions: What is corporate governance? What are agency problems? How prevalent are they? Are there “best practices” in corporate governance?
Origins of Mass
Creators: name: Wilczek, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Newtonian mechanics posited mass as a primary quality of matter, incapable of further elucidation. We now see Newtonian mass as an emergent property. Most of the mass of standard matter, by far, arises dynamically, from back-reaction of the color gluon fields of quantum chromodynamics (QCD). The equations for massless particles support extra symmetries - specifically scale, chiral, and gauge symmetries. The consistency of the standard model relies on a high degree of underlying gauge and chiral symmetry, so the observed non-zero masses of many elementary particles ($W$ and $Z$ bosons, quarks, and leptons) requires spontaneous symmetry breaking. Superconductivity is a prototype for spontaneous symmetry breaking and for mass-generation, since photons acquire mass inside superconductors. A conceptually similar but more intricate form of all-pervasive (i.e. cosmic) superconductivity, in the context of the electroweak standard model, gives us a successful, economical account of $W$ and $Z$ boson masses. It also allows a phenomenologically successful, though profligate, accommodation of quark and lepton masses. The new cosmic superconductivity, when implemented in a straightforward, minimal way, suggests the existence of a remarkable new particle, the so-called Higgs particle. The mass of the Higgs particle itself is not explained in the theory, but appears as a free parameter. Earlier results suggested, and recent observations at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) may indicate, the actual existence of the Higgs particle, with mass $m_H \approx 125$ GeV. In addition to consolidating our understanding of the origin of mass, a Higgs particle with $m_H \approx 125$ GeV could provide an important clue to the future, as it is consistent with expectations from supersymmetry.
description: Invited review for the Central European Journal of Physics. This is the supplement to my 2011 Solvay Conference talk promised there. It is adapted from an invited talk given at the Atlanta APS meeting, April 2012. 33 pages, 6 figures. v2: Added update section bringing in the CERN discovery announcement
A hybrid deconvolution approach for estimation of in vivo non-displaceable binding for brain PET targets without a reference region
Creators: name: Zanderigo, Francesca
name: Mann, J. John
name: Ogden, Robert T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Tomography, Emission
Medical radiology
Biometry
Central nervous system

description: Background and aim

Estimation of a PET tracer’s non-displaceable distribution volume (VND) is required for quantification of specific binding to its target of interest. VND is generally assumed to be comparable brain-wide and is determined either from a reference region devoid of the target, often not available for many tracers and targets, or by imaging each subject before and after blocking the target with another molecule that has high affinity for the target, which is cumbersome and involves additional radiation exposure. Here we propose, and validate for the tracers [11C]DASB and [11C]CUMI-101, a new data-driven hybrid deconvolution approach (HYDECA) that determines VND at the individual level without requiring either a reference region or a blocking study.

Methods

HYDECA requires the tracer metabolite-corrected concentration curve in blood plasma and uses a singular value decomposition to estimate the impulse response function across several brain regions from measured time activity curves. HYDECA decomposes each region’s impulse response function into the sum of a parametric non-displaceable component, which is a function of VND, assumed common across regions, and a nonparametric specific component. These two components differentially contribute to each impulse response function. Different regions show different contributions of the two components, and HYDECA examines data across regions to find a suitable common VND. HYDECA implementation requires determination of two tuning parameters, and we propose two strategies for objectively selecting these parameters for a given tracer: using data from blocking studies, and realistic simulations of the tracer. Using available test-retest data, we compare HYDECA estimates of VND and binding potentials to those obtained based on VND estimated using a purported reference region.

Results

For [11C]DASB and [11C]CUMI-101, we find that regardless of the strategy used to optimize the tuning parameters, HYDECA provides considerably less biased estimates of VND than those obtained, as is commonly done, using a non-ideal reference region. HYDECA test-retest reproducibility is comparable to that obtained using a VND determined from a non-ideal reference region, when considering the binding potentials BPP and BPND.

Conclusions

HYDECA can provide subject-specific estimates of VND without requiring a blocking study for tracers and targets for which a valid reference region does not exist.
Effect of the density dependent symmetry energy on fragmentation
Creators: name: Vinayak, Karan Singh
name: Kumar, Suneel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the density dependence of symmetry energy on fragmentation is studied using isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model(IQMD) Model. We have used the reduced isospin-dependent cross-section with soft equation of state to explain the experimental findings for the system 79_Au^197 + 79_Au^197 for the full colliding geometry. In addition to that we have tried to study the collective response of the momentum dependent interactions(MDI) and symmetry energy towards the multifragmentation
description: Accepted for Oral Presentation in Rutherford Centennial Conference 8-10 Aug, 2011, University of Manchester, UK
title: Peak streamflows of the Animas River at Durango, Colorado
title: Hydrology days 2011
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2011
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Milhous, Robert T.
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2011

description: 2011 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 21 - March 23, 2011.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: The Animas River is a tributary of the San Juan River located in Southwestern Colorado. The watershed is on the south-facing slopes of the San Juan Mountains. The annual peak streamflows analyzed in this paper are either the maximum annual instantaneous streamflows or the maximum annual daily streamflows. The annual instantaneous streamflows for the period of record (1908-2009) were analyzed using the log-Pearson Type III distribution. The maximum streamflow between 1908 and 2009 occurred in the fall (25,000 cfs on 5 October 1911) and was found to be 50% larger than the calculated one in two hundred year peak streamflow (16,700 cfs). The second highest peak streamflow in the 102-year series was 20,000 cfs and occurred on 29 June 1927. This snow-melt flood exceeded the 1 in 200 year annual peak streamflow by 20%. The daily streamflow data was used to determine the maximum daily steam flow in the snow-melt period (1 November - 15 July) and during the fall (16 July - 31 October). The median snow-melt maximum daily streamflows was 4350 cfs and was significantly larger than the median fall maximum daily streamflow of 1420 cfs. As with the peak streamflows, the largest fall annual maximum daily streamflows exceeded the maximum snow-melt streamflows. The probable cause of the larger fall streamflows is the atmospheric conditions associated with the North American Monsoon. The infrequent fall floods may be more important from a stream ecology and riparian vegetation viewpoint than the more frequent, but smaller, snow-melt floods.
title: A Uniform Currency in a Cashless Economy
Creators: name: Engert, Walter
name: Fung, Ben
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: A number of questions can arise when considering the implications of a cashless society. This note considers whether cash is necessary for a uniform currency.

description: Le passage à une société sans argent comptant peut soulever de nombreuses questions. On analyse ici la nécessité des espèces pour assurer l’uniformité de la monnaie.
Universal Realisators for Homology Classes
Creators: name: Gaifullin, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N65, 53C23 (Primary) 52B70, 20F55 (Secondary)

description: We study oriented closed manifolds M^n possessing the following Universal Realisation of Cycles (URC) Property: For each topological space X and each integral homology class z of it, there exist a finite-sheeted covering \hM^n of M^n and a continuous mapping f of \hM^n to X such that f takes the fundamental class [\hM^n] to kz for a non-zero integer k. We find wide class of examples of such manifolds M^n among so-called small covers of simple polytopes. In particular, we find 4-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds possessing the URC property. As a consequence, we prove that for each 4-dimensional oriented closed manifold N^4, there exists a mapping of non-zero degree of a hyperbolic manifold M^4 to N^4. This was conjectured by Kotschick and Loeh.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure; in version 2 minor corrections are made, 4 bibliography items and 1 figure are added
title: Sonographic findings and clinicopathological features of invasive micropapillary carcinoma of the breast
Creators: name: Watanabe, Megumi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ultrasound
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Invasive micropapillary carcinoma (IMPC) of the breast is a very rare type of breast cancer. It was first described by Siriaunkgul and Tavasoli in 1993 [1]. It was first listed in the World Health Organization classification of breast cancer in 2003...
Stichwort: Professionalisierung der Hochschulweiterbildung
Creators: name: Jütte, Wolfgang
name: Lobe, Claudia
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2020

description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2020/2: Professionalisierung der Hochschulweiterbildung
Efficient analysis of split-plot experimental designs using model averaging
Creators: name: Hong, Chuen Yen
name: Fletcher, David
name: Zeng, Jiaxu
name: McGraw, Christina M.
name: Cornwall, Christopher E.
name: Cummings, Vonda J.
name: Barr, Neill G.
name: Frost, Emily J.
name: Dillingham, Peter W.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 19999
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Split-plot experimental data are often analyzed as if the data came from a completely randomized design. As is well known, ignoring the different levels of randomization and replication can lead to serious inferential errors. However, in some experiments, including many of the ocean global change experiments that motivated this research, variation between whole-plot experimental units may be small relative to variation between subplot units. Even though a factorial analysis will often perform poorly in general, in this special case it outperforms a split-plot analysis, providing narrower confidence intervals for treatment means and differences with coverage rates close to the desired level. The performance of the proposed model-averaged analysis was compared to a classical split-plot analysis via a simulation study, and its utility demonstrated for an ocean global change experiment examining growth and condition of a juvenile mussel species. In our simulation study, model-averaged confidence intervals for whole-plot treatment means or comparisons of means were up to 40% narrower than split-plot confidence intervals while maintaining close to nominal coverage rates. In our example experiment, we observed narrowing of up to 25%. We recommend model averaging as a preferred approach when variation between whole-plot experimental units is expected to be less than between subplot units, with a few caveats for studies with very few replicates.
Describing A Cyclic Code by Another Cyclic Code
Creators: name: Zeh, Alexander
name: Bezzateev, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A new approach to bound the minimum distance of $q$-ary cyclic codes is presented. The connection to the BCH and the Hartmann--Tzeng bound is formulated and it is shown that for several cases an improvement is achieved. We associate a second cyclic code to the original one and bound its minimum distance in terms of parameters of the associated code.
Η Ανάδυση της Ανατολικής Μακεδονίας ως τουριστικού πόλου και η συμβολή της ψηφιοποίησης και του διαδικτύου
Creators: name: Γκέκα, Ευγενία Αντωνίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Τουρισμός
subject: Προβολή
subject: Διαδίκτυο
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Promotion
subject: Internet

description: Οι νομοί Σερρών Δράμας και Καβάλας απαρτίζουν το τρίπτυχο μιας γεωγραφικής ενότητας η οποία παρουσιάζει κοινά πολιτιστικά και τουριστικά αγαθά. Πρόκειται για 3 νομούς που βρίσκονται σε εγγύτητα και ανατολικά του νομού Θεσσαλονίκης και ο τουρίστας συχνά επισκέπτεται να επισκεφτεί συνδυαστικά. Το γεωμορφολογικό τοπίο και τα θρησκευτικά και πολιτιστικά σημεία ενδιαφέροντος των 3 αυτών νομών συνιστούν στο ένα συνέχεια του άλλου διαμορφώνοντας μια γενικότερη ενότητα. Παρότι διοικητικά οι 3 νόμοι δεν παρουσιάζουν κάποια ενότητα θεωρήθηκε ενδιαφέρον ν εξεταστούν από κοινού με έμφαση σε 3 κομβικά πολιτιστικά τουριστικά ορόσημα όπως είναι αρχαιολογικός χώρος της Αμφίπολης, τα λουτρά του Σιδηροκάστρου και η Μονή της Εικοσιφοινίσσης.
description: The prefectures of Serres Drama and Kavala make up the triptych of a geographical unit which presents common cultural and touristic goods. These are 3 prefectures that are close to and east of Thessaloniki prefecture and the tourist often visits to visit in combination. The geomorphological landscape and the religious and cultural points of interest of these 3 prefectures constitute a continuation of the other forming a more general unity. Although administratively the 3 laws do not present any unity, it was considered interesting to examine them together with an emphasis on 3 key cultural tourist landmarks such as the archaeological site of Amphipolis, the baths of Sidirokastro and the Monastery of Ikosifonissa.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Τμήμα Διοίκησης οργανισμών, Μάρκετινγκ και Τουρισμού της Σχολής Οικονομίας και Διοίκησης (Θεσσαλονίκης) του Διεθνούς Πανεπιστημίου Ελλάδας
title: Welfare Analysis of Equilibria With and Without Early Termination Fees in the US Wireless Industry
Creators: name: Cullen, Joseph
name: Schutz, Nicolas
name: Shcherbakov, Oleksandr
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: The elimination of long-term contracts and early termination fees (ETFs) in the US wireless industry at the end of 2015 increased monthly service fees by 2 to 5 percent. Nevertheless, consumers are clearly better off without ETFs. While firms’ revenues from ETFs vanish, their profits from monthly fees increase. As a result, the overall effect on producer profits is less clear.

description: L’élimination des contrats à long terme et des frais de résiliation anticipée dans le marché américain de la téléphonie mobile à la fin de 2015 a entraîné une augmentation de 2 à 5 % des frais de service mensuels. Néanmoins, la situation des consommateurs est sans aucun doute meilleure sans les frais de résiliation anticipée. Bien que les entreprises aient perdu les revenus qu’elles tiraient des frais de résiliation anticipée, le profit qu’elles obtiennent à partir des frais mensuels a augmenté. Ainsi, l’effet net sur les profits des entreprises est moins évident.
title: Dynamic data integration and stochastic inversion of a two-dimensional confined aquifer
title: Hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: AGU hydrology days 2013
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Wang, Dongdong
name: Zhang, Ye
name: Irsa, Juraj
name: Colorado State University, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2013

description: 2013 annual AGU hydrology days was held at Colorado State University on March 25 - March 27, 2013.
description: Includes bibliographical references.
description: Much work has been done in developing and applying inverse methods to aquifer simulation problems. A new direct inversion method was proposed by Irsa and Zhang (2012) which proved that boundary condition is not required for estimating parameters in small-scale aquifer problems. The scope of this paper is to investigate the applicability of this new method for large simulation problems and to incorporate uncertainty measures in the inversion outcomes. The problem considered is a two-dimensional inverse model (50×50 grid) of steady-state flow for a heterogeneous ground truth model (100 ×100 grid) with two hydrofacies types (Chambers et al. 2000). From the ground truth model, twenty wells were sampled for facies types, based on which experimental indicator histogram and directional variograms were computed. These parameters and models were used by Sequential Indicator Simulation (SIS) to generate 60 realizations of hydrofacies patterns, which were conditioned to the facies measurements at wells. These realizations were further smoothed with Simulated Annealing, before they were conditioned with the direct inversion method to the dynamic data, i.e., observed heads and groundwater fluxes sampled at the same well locations. A set of realizations of estimated conductivities, flow fields, and boundary conditions have been created, which center on the "true" solutions from solving the flow problem with the ground truth model. For conductivity estimation, the estimated K was accurate within ±10% of the true values; for boundary condition estimation, the accuracy was within ± 15% of the true values. The inversion system of equations was solved with LSQR (Paige and Saunders 1982) for which we have adopted a matrix scaling preprocessor which speeds up the convergence of the solver by 50 times. In summary, the inverse method was proven applicable for integrating static and dynamic data within a stochastic framework. For inverting large problems, however, careful scaling analysis is needed to improve the performance of the iterative solver. Below we present the true model, 3 of the SIS realizations, and the corresponding inverted models. Both the estimated conductivity distribution and the inverted hydraulic head boundary condition were compared to the true values.
Analytical model for tracer dispersion in porous media
Creators: name: van Milligen, Boudewijn Ph.
name: Bons, Paul D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we present a novel analytical model for tracer dispersion in laminar flow through porous media. Based on a straightforward physical argument, it describes the generic behavior of dispersion over a wide range of Peclet numbers (exceeding 8 orders of magnitude). In particular, the model accurately captures the intermediate scaling behavior of longitudinal dispersion, obviating the need to subdivide the dispersional behavior into a number of disjunct regimes or using empirical power law expressions. The analysis also reveals the existence of a new material property, the critical Peclet number, which reflects the mesoscale geometric properties of the microscopic pore structure.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Symmetrically reduced Galileon equations and solutions
Creators: name: Deser, S.
name: Franklin, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The maximally complicated arbitrary-dimensional "maximal" Galileon field equations simplify dramatically for symmetric configurations. Thus, spherical symmetry reduces the equations from the D- to the two-dimensional Monge-Ampere equation, axial symmetry to its cubic extension etc. We can then obtain explicit solutions, such as spherical or axial waves, and relate them to the (known) general, but highly implicit, lower-D solutions.
description: published version
title: Use of Clarity System in radiotherapy treatment of low and intermedium risk prostate cancer patient: intra-treatment monitoring, reduction of PTV margin, control of urinary and rectal toxicity
Creators: name: Tambasco, Filippo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cone beam CT
subject: Pelvis
subject: Patient Care
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Radiation therapy / Oncology
subject: Stereotactic radiotherapy
subject: VMAT and Tomotherapy
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiotherapy techniques
subject: Toxicity
subject: Retrospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The IGRT-Clarity is a system used for prostate movement control during radiotherapy treatment. It provides real-time visualization of prostate and periprostatic structures thanks to trans-perineal ultrasound, without the need for fiducial markers or...
Pulmonary vascular volume, impaired left ventricular filling and dyspnea: The MESA Lung Study
Creators: name: Aaron, Carrie P.
name: Hoffman, Eric A.
name: Lima, Joao A. C.
name: Kawut, Steven M.
name: Bertoni, Alain G.
name: Vogel-Claussen, Jens
name: Habibi, Mohammadali
name: Hueper, Katja
name: Jacobs Jr., David R.
name: Kalhan, Ravi
name: Michos, Erin D.
name: Post, Wendy S.
name: Prince, Martin R.
name: Smith, Benjamin M.
name: Ambale Venkatesh, Bharath
name: Liu, Chia-Ying
name: Zemrak, Filip
name: Watson, Karol
name: Budoff, Matthew
name: Bluemke, David A.
name: Barr, R. Graham
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Dyspnea
Lungs--Blood-vessels
Emphysema, Pulmonary
Medicine

description: Background

Evaluation of impaired left ventricular (LV) filling has focused on intrinsic causes of LV dysfunction; however, pulmonary vascular changes may contribute to reduced LV filling and dyspnea. We hypothesized that lower total pulmonary vascular volume (TPVV) on computed tomography (CT) would be associated with dyspnea and decrements in LV end-diastolic volume, particularly among ever-smokers.

Methods

The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis recruited adults without clinical cardiovascular disease in 2000–02. In 2010–12, TPVV was ascertained as the volume of arteries and veins in the lungs detectable on non-contrast chest CT (vessels ≥1 mm diameter). Cardiac measures were assessed by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Dyspnea was self-reported.

Results

Of 2303 participants, 53% had ever smoked cigarettes. Among ever-smokers, a lower TPVV was associated with a lower LV end-diastolic volume (6.9 mL per SD TPVV), stroke volume, and cardiac output and with dyspnea (all P-values <0.001). Findings were similar among those without lung disease and those with 0–10 pack-years but were mostly non-significant among never-smokers. TPVV was associated smaller left atrial volume but not with LV ejection fraction or MRI measures of impaired LV relaxation. In a second sample of ever-smokers, a lower pulmonary microvascular blood volume on contrast-enhanced MRI was also associated with a lower LV end-diastolic volume (P-value = 0.008).

Conclusion

Reductions in pulmonary vascular volume were associated with lower LV filling and dyspnea among ever-smokers, including those without lung disease, suggesting that smoking-related pulmonary vascular changes may contribute to symptoms and impair cardiac filling and function without evidence of impaired LV relaxation.
title: Scenario Analysis and the Economic and Financial Risks from Climate Change
Creators: name: Ens, Erik
name: Johnston, Craig
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2020

description: This paper adapts climate-economy models that have been applied in other contexts for use in climate-related scenario analysis. We consider illustrative scenarios for the global economy that could generate economic and financial risks. Our results suggest there are significant economic risks from climate change and the move to a low-carbon economy.

description: Cette étude vise à adapter, pour l’analyse de scénarios liés au climat, des modèles climat-économie ayant servi dans d’autres contextes. Sont examinés des scénarios indicatifs de l’économie mondiale qui sont susceptibles de générer des risques pour l’économie et le système financier. Les résultats donnent à penser qu’il y aurait d’importants effets économiques découlant des changements climatiques et du passage à une économie sobre en carbone.
title: Analysis of seven clinical X-ray table mattress for their impact on image quality and radiation dose
Creators: name: Hogg, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Experimental
subject: Not applicable
subject: Kv imaging
subject: Image verification
subject: Cancer
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Experimental
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Radiographers
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radiation Protection

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: X-ray table mattresses should not reduce image quality (IQ), or misdiagnosis may occur. Equally, X-ray table mattresses should not overly attenuate radiation, or patient dose may have to increase in order to produce an image of suitable quality. A...
Cerebellar volume as imaging outcome in progressive multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Inglese, Matilde
name: Petracca, Maria
name: Mormina, Enricomaria
name: Achiron, Anat
name: Straus Farber, Rebecca Gabrielle
name: Miron, Shmuel
name: Fabian, Michelle
name: Krieger, Stephen
name: Miller, Aaron
name: Lublin, Fred
name: Sormani, Maria Pia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Multiple sclerosis
Magnetic resonance imaging
Cerebellum
Neurology

description: Background and purpose

To assess whether cerebellar volumes changes could represent a sensitive outcome measure in primary-progressive MS.

Material and methods

Changes in cerebellar volumes over one-year follow-up, estimated in 26 primary-progressive MS patients and 20 controls with Freesurfer longitudinal pipeline, were assessed using Wilcoxon test and tested for their correlation with disability worsening by a logistic regression. Clinical worsening was defined as EDSS score increase or change of >20% for 25-foot walk test or 9-hole peg test scores at follow-up. Sample sizes for given treatment effects and power were calculated. The findings were validated in an independent cohort of 20 primary-progressive MS patients.

Results

Significant changes were detected in brain T1 lesion volume (p<0.01), cerebellar T2 and T1 lesion volume (p<0.01 and p<0.05), cerebellar volume, cerebellar cortex volume, and cerebellar WM volume (p<0.001). Only cerebellar volume and cerebellar cortex volume percentage change were significantly reduced in clinically progressed patients when compared to patients who did not progress (p<0.01; respectively AUC of 0.91 and 0.96). Cerebellar volume percentage changes were consistent in the exploration and validation cohorts (cerebellar volume -1.90±1.11% vs -1.47±2.30%; cerebellar cortex volume -1.68±1.41% vs -1.56±2.23%). Based on our results the numbers of patients required to detect a 30% effect are 81 per arm for cerebellar volume and 162 per arm for cerebellar cortex volume (90% power, type 1 error alpha = 0.05).

Conclusions

Our results suggest a role for cerebellar cortex volume and cerebellar volume as potential short-term imaging metrics to monitor treatment effect in primary-progressive MS clinical trials.
Brane World Models Need Low String Scale
Creators: name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Atkins, Michael
name: Calmet, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models with large extra dimensions offer the possibility of the Planck scale being of order the electroweak scale, thus alleviating the gauge hierarchy problem. We show that these models suffer from a breakdown of unitarity at around three quarters of the low effective Planck scale. An obvious candidate to fix the unitarity problem is string theory. We therefore argue that it is necessary for the string scale to appear below the effective Planck scale and that the first signature of such models would be string resonances. We further translate experimental bounds on the string scale into bounds on the effective Planck scale.
description: 9 pages. Versions 2, 3: Corrected typos
Dimensionless cosmology
Creators: name: Narimani, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The variability of fundamental physical constants has been a topic of interest both theoretically and experimentally for many years. Although it is interesting to investigate the consequences of such a variation, it is important to realise that only the variation of dimensionless combination of constants can be meaningfully measured and discussed. In this thesis, I try to justify this way of thinking and apply it to two basic cosmological observables, Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and Cosmic Microwave Background anisotropies. I will mention some related studies that are either wrong or not complete because of being dimensionful. Variation of constants could be considered on two different levels. On the first level one assumes that the constants are time invariant but they can assume different values in different Universes or patches of sky. A thought experiment describing a discussion with aliens having a different system of units with different coupling constants could be helpful, this idea will be returned to throughout the thesis. On the next level, the constants can be promoted to being smooth functions of time or space. It is good to have a firm understanding of what happens on the previous level before trying to consider genuinely variable constants. For variable constants we need to consider theories beyond the currently accepted ones, which are capable of consistently describing such a variation. I briefly review the scalar-tensor theory of gravity as a possible way to describe the variation of the gravitational coupling. I give a brief historical review on the subject and consider the theory in the two so called ‘frames’, discussing about the benefits of each frame mathematically and the physical meaning of these frames. Such theories could form the frame work in which further study of variable con- stants could be carried out.