cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ESTIMATING IMPLICIT MARGINAL PRICES OF QUALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF TOMATOES
Creators: name: Jordan, Jeffrey L.
name: Shewfelt, R.L.
name: Prussia, Stanley E.
name: Hurst, W.C.
name: Jordan, Jeffrey L.
name: Shewfelt, R.L.
name: Prussia, Stanley E.
name: Hurst, W.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: A hedonic price function is developed for estimating the implicit prices for selected quality characteristics of fresh tomatoes at three points in the marketing season. The estimation of this function, proposed as a method of evaluating change in the post-harvest system, is accomplished using a flexible functional form. Those quality characteristics that most affect the price of tomatoes can help determine the economic feasibility of alternative handling techniques or new technologies.
Figure S1.pdf from Factors favouring the evolution of multidrug resistance in bacteria
Creators: name: Eliott Jacopin
name: Lehtinen, Sonja
name: Débarre, Florence
name: Blanquart, François
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The evolution of multidrug antibiotic resistance in commensal bacteria is an important public health concern. Commensal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus, are also opportunistic pathogens causing a large fraction of the community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections. Multidrug resistance (MDR) makes these infections harder to treat with antibiotics and may thus cause substantial additional morbidity and mortality. Here, we develop an evolutionary epidemiology model to identify the factors favouring the evolution of MDR in commensal bacteria. The model describes the evolution of antibiotic resistance in a commensal bacterial species evolving in a host population subjected to multiple antibiotic treatments. We combine statistical analysis of a large number of simulations and mathematical analysis to understand the model behaviour. We find that MDR evolves more readily when it is less costly than expected from the combinations of single resistances (negative epistasis). MDR frequently evolves when bacteria are in contact with multiple drugs prescribed in the host population, even if individual hosts are only treated with a single drug at a time. MDR is favoured when the host population is structured in different classes that vary in their rates of antibiotic treatment. However, under most circumstances, recombination between loci involved in resistance does not meaningfully affect the equilibrium frequency of MDR. Together, these results suggest that MDR is a frequent evolutionary outcome in commensal bacteria that encounter the variety of antibiotics prescribed in the host population. A better characterization of the variability in antibiotic use across the host population (e.g. across age classes or geographical location) would help predict which MDR genotypes will most readily evolve.
IMPORTANCE, CAUSES, AND MANAGEMENT RESPONSES TO FARM RISKS: EVIDENCE FROM FLORIDA AND ALABAMA
Creators: name: Boggess, William G.
name: Anaman, Kwabena A.
name: Hanson, Gregory D.
name: Boggess, William G.
name: Anaman, Kwabena A.
name: Hanson, Gregory D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Farm Management
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Despite the contention that risk and uncertainty play an important role in agriculture in North Florida and South Alabama, very little is known about producers' perceptions of risk. This paper describes the procedures used and the results obtained from a statistically random survey of farmers' perceptions of the importance of various sources of risk and alternative risk management practices. Initially, farmers were asked to define risk and then to rank various sources of risk and management responses to risk based on the relative importance of each to their operation. Summary statistics, Chi-squares analyses, and logistic regression techniques were used to analyze the data.
KPZ equation in one dimension and line ensembles
Creators: name: Spohn, Herbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For suitably discretized versions of the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in one space dimension exact scaling functions are available, amongst them the stationary two-point function. We explain one central piece from the technology through which such results are obtained, namely the method of line ensembles with purely entropic repulsion.
description: Proceedings STATPHYS22, Bangalore, 2004
MARKET FAILURE IN MULTIPHASE ELECTRIC POWER DEVELOPMENT FOR AGRICULTURAL IRRIGATION
Creators: name: Tew, Bernard V.
name: Broder, Josef M.
name: Musser, Wesley N.
name: Centner, Terence J.
name: Tew, Bernard V.
name: Broder, Josef M.
name: Musser, Wesley N.
name: Centner, Terence J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The adoption of multiphase electric power for electric irrigation has been limited in an area characterized by extremely rapid expansion of irrigated acreage despite production cost advantages. Theoretical and empirical evidence of failure in the existing market for multiphase power development are presented. Alternative development mechanisms are presented and discussed.
How long does it take to pull an ideal polymer into a small hole?
Creators: name: Grosberg, A. Y.
name: Nechaev, S.
name: Tamm, M.
name: Vasilyev, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present scaling estimates for characteristic times $τ_{\rm lin}$ and $τ_{\rm br}$ of pulling ideal linear and randomly branched polymers of $N$ monomers into a small hole by a force $f$. We show that the absorbtion process develops as sequential straightening of folds of the initial polymer configuration. By estimating the typical size of the fold involved into the motion, we arrive at the following predictions: $τ_{\rm lin}(N) \sim N^{3/2}/f$ and $τ_{\rm br}(N) \sim N^{5/4}/f$, and we also confirm them by the molecular dynamics experiment.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
A further manuscript of Barhebraeus' "Creme of wisdom"
Creators: name: Degen, Rainer
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
Galois actions on Dessins D’Enfants
Creators: name: Burggraf, David S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Grothendieck's theory of Dessins d'Enfants is an investigation of the many connections between permutations, maps on Riemann surfaces, algebraic curves and Galois groups. Some of these connections were studied long ago by Hamilton [Ham67] and Klein [Kle56], and some are quite new and continue to be analyzed today by researchers in various mathematical fields ranging from number theory to conformal field theory. One topic of great interest that emerges is the surprising fact, which was noticed by Grothendieck, that the absolute Galois group Gal(Q/Q) acts faithfully on certain combinatorial objects known as Dessins d'Enfants. The first conference on Grothendieck's theory of Dessins d'Enfants took place at Luminy in April 1993 where many of Grothendieck's ideas were explored and shared [Sch94a]. A paper in the conference proceedings [Sch94b], shows that Gal(Q/Q) acts faithfully on Dessins d'Enfants with genus 1 and later in the same paper, another proof shows that Gal(Q/Q) acts faithfully on plane trees in genus 0. Faithful actions of Gal(Q/Q) on such simple objects motivated a systematic study of the relationships between plane trees, polynomials and Galois groups, where computer algebra systems were often used for the calculations [Sha90], [And94], [Sch94b], [Cou97], [Zvo98], [MagOO]. Work in this direction, however, has not lead to many simply defined, explicit classes of Dessins, especially where more complicated Galois groups are acting. This lead to the concluding comment by Gareth Jones in [Jon97]: "It would be interesting to produce further classes of Dessins on which Gal(Q/Q) induces more complicated groups, such as nonsolvable groups or solvable groups with unbounded derived length". One of the main aims of this thesis is to address this comment.
A HEDONIC ANALYSIS OF PRIVATE HUNTING LAND ATTRIBUTES USING AN ALTERNATIVE FUNCTIONAL FORM
Creators: name: Messonnier, Mark L.
name: Luzar, E. Jane
name: Messonnier, Mark L.
name: Luzar, E. Jane
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: A hedonic framework is used to analyze selected attributes of Louisiana deer hunting leases that are hypothesized to be significant contributors to lease value. The flexible Box-Cox functional form is used in contrast to the often utilized linear regression specification. Additionally, the hypothesis of regional differences in slope coefficients of lease attributes is addressed. Results indicate that hunters in the two analyzed regions value lease attributes and services differently.
PROPERTY RIGHTS, GRAZING PERMITS, AND RANCHER WELFARE
Creators: name: Lambert, David K.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
name: Lambert, David K.
name: Shonkwiler, John Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This study attempts to link factors affecting the demand for Bureau of Land Management grazing to perceived changes in permittee welfare over the 1962-92 period. Annual demand for federal forage is found to be sensitive to active preference, beef cow and breeding ewe inventories, and grazing fees and nonfee allotment utilization costs. No evidence is found to support the notion that the demand for grazing has been affected by changes in property rights associated with the federal grazing permit that are not reflected in higher user costs. The total decrease in welfare generated from the permit that are not reflected in higher user costs. The total decrease in welfare generated from the permit to graze public lands has been about 9% per authorized cattle animal unit month and 65% per authorized sheep animal unit month over the study period.
Butterfly hysteresis curve is a signature of adiabatic Landau-Zener transition
Creators: name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Garanin, D. A.
name: Schilling, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We stress that the so-called butterfly hysteresis curves observed in dynamical magnetization measurements on systems of low-spin magnetic molecules such as V-15 and V-6 are a signature of adiabatic Landau-Zener transitions rather than that of a phonon bottleneck. We investigate the magnetization dynamics analytically with the help of a simple relaxation theory in the basis of the adabatic energy levels of the spin 1/2, to a qualitative accordance with experimental observations. In particular, reversible behavior is found near zero field, the corresponding susceptibility being bounded by the equilibrium and adiabatic susceptibilities from below and above, respectively.
description: 4 PR pages, 5 figures
An unbiased ALMA spectral survey of the LkCa 15 and MWC 480 protoplanetary disks
Creators: name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Öberg, Karin I.
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Bergin, Edwin
name: Bergner, Jennifer
name: Blake, Geoffrey A.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Huang, Jane
name: Gal, Romane Le
name: Menard, Francois
name: Pegues, Jamila
name: Qi, Chunhua
name: Walsh, Catherine
name: Williams, Jonathan P.
name: Wilner, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The volatile contents of protoplanetary disks both set the potential for planetary chemistry and provide valuable probes of defining disk system characteristics such as stellar mass, gas mass, ionization, and temperature structure. Current disk molecular inventories are fragmented, however, giving an incomplete picture: unbiased spectral line surveys are needed to assess the volatile content. We present here an overview of such a survey of the protoplanetary disks around the Herbig Ae star MWC 480 and the T Tauri star LkCa 15 in ALMA Band 7, spanning $\sim$36 GHz from 275--317 GHz and representing an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity over previous single-dish surveys. We detect 14 molecular species (including isotopologues), with 5 species (C$^{34}$S, $^{13}$CS, H$_{2}$CS, DNC, and C$_2$D) detected for the first time in protoplanetary disks. Significant differences are observed in the molecular inventories of MWC~480 and LkCa~15, and we discuss how these results may be interpreted in light of the different physical conditions of these two disk systems.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures
Evolution of the density of states at EF of Bi2-yPbySr2-xLaxCuO6+d and Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d cuprates with hole doping
Creators: name: Schneider, M.
name: Unger, R. -S.
name: Mitdank, R.
name: Mueller, R.
name: Krapf, A.
name: Rogaschewski, S.
name: Dwelk, H.
name: Janowitz, C.
name: Manzke, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi2Sr2-xLaxCuO6+d and Bi2-yPbySr2-xLaxCuO6+d high-Tc superconductors in a wide doping range from overdoped to heavily underdoped were studied by X-ray absorption and photo-emission spectroscopy. The hole concentration p was determined by an analysis of the Cu L3-absorption edge. Besides the occupied density of states derived from photoemission, the un-occupied density of states was determined from the prepeak of the O K-absorption edge. Both, the occupied as well as the unoccupied density of states reveal the same dependence on hole doping, i.e. a continuous increase with increasing doping in the hole underdoped region and a constant density in the hole overdoped region. By comparing these results of single-layer BSLCO with previous results on single-layer LSCO it could be argued that besides the localized holes on Cu sites the CuO2-planes consist of two types of doped holes, from which the so-called mobile holes determine the intensity of the prepeak of the O 1s absorption edge.
Exploring straight infinite Wilson lines in the Self Dual and the MHV Lagrangians
Creators: name: Kakkad, Hiren
name: Kotko, Piotr
name: Stasto, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the appearance of straight infinite Wilson lines lying on the self-dual plane in the context of the Self Dual sector of the Yang Mills theory and in a connection to the Lagrangian implementing the MHV vertices (MHV Lagrangian) according to the Cachazo-Svrcek-Witten method. It was already recognized in the past by two of the authors, that such Wilson line functional provides the field transformation of positive helicity fields between the Yang-Mills theory on the light-cone and the MHV Lagrangian. Here we discuss in detail the connection to the Self Dual sector and we provide a new insight into the solution for the minus helicity field transformation, which can be expressed in terms of a functional derivative of the straight infinite Wilson line on the self-dual plane.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures
THE EFFECTIVENESS OF U.S. NONPRICE PROMOTION OF ALMONDS IN THE PACIFIC RIM
Creators: name: Halliburton, Karen
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Halliburton, Karen
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: The effectiveness of the federal government's export promotion programs (the Foreign Market Development Program and the Market Promotion Program) for high value agricultural products is evaluated using U.S. almond exports in the Pacific Rim as a case study. Cross-sectional time-series data are pooled for five Pacific Rim countries. While promotions were ineffective in South Korea and Singapore, some estimations of the import demand model indicate promotions in Japan, Taiwan, and Hong Kong may have been effective.
A theological work by Severus ibn al-Muqaffaʻ from Istanbul
Creators: name: Sāwīrus Ibn-Al-Muqaffaʿ
name: Ebied, Rifaat Y.
name: Young, M. J. L.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 61 (1977): Oriens christianus, Band 61
LAND ALLOCATION IN THE PRESENCE OF ESTIMATION RISK
Creators: name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Lence, Sergio H.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Estimation risk occurs when parameters relevant for decision making are uncertain. Bayes' criterion is consistent with expected-utility maximization in the presence of estimation risk. This article examines optimal (Bayes') land allocations and land allocations obtained using the traditional plug-in approach and two alternative decision rules. Bayes' allocations are much better economically than the other allocations when there are few sample observations relative to activities. Calculation of certainty equivalent returns (CERs) with estimation risk is also discussed and illustrated. CERs are typically (and incorrectly) calculated with the plug-in approach. Plug-in CERs may be extremely misleading.
Supplementary text.docx from Factors favouring the evolution of multidrug resistance in bacteria
Creators: name: Eliott Jacopin
name: Lehtinen, Sonja
name: Débarre, Florence
name: Blanquart, François
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The evolution of multidrug antibiotic resistance in commensal bacteria is an important public health concern. Commensal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus, are also opportunistic pathogens causing a large fraction of the community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections. Multidrug resistance (MDR) makes these infections harder to treat with antibiotics and may thus cause substantial additional morbidity and mortality. Here, we develop an evolutionary epidemiology model to identify the factors favouring the evolution of MDR in commensal bacteria. The model describes the evolution of antibiotic resistance in a commensal bacterial species evolving in a host population subjected to multiple antibiotic treatments. We combine statistical analysis of a large number of simulations and mathematical analysis to understand the model behaviour. We find that MDR evolves more readily when it is less costly than expected from the combinations of single resistances (negative epistasis). MDR frequently evolves when bacteria are in contact with multiple drugs prescribed in the host population, even if individual hosts are only treated with a single drug at a time. MDR is favoured when the host population is structured in different classes that vary in their rates of antibiotic treatment. However, under most circumstances, recombination between loci involved in resistance does not meaningfully affect the equilibrium frequency of MDR. Together, these results suggest that MDR is a frequent evolutionary outcome in commensal bacteria that encounter the variety of antibiotics prescribed in the host population. A better characterization of the variability in antibiotic use across the host population (e.g. across age classes or geographical location) would help predict which MDR genotypes will most readily evolve.
Disordered Crystals from First Principles II: Transport Coefficients
Creators: name: Kühne, Thomas D.
name: Heske, Julian
name: Prodan, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second part of a project on the foundations of first-principle calculations of the electron transport in crystals at finite temperatures, aiming at a predictive first-principles platform that combines ab-initio molecular dynamics (AIMD) and a finite-temperature Kubo-formula with dissipation for thermally disordered crystalline phases. The latter are encoded in an ergodic dynamical system $(Ω,\mathbb G,{\rm d}\mathbb P)$, where $Ω$ is the configuration space of the atomic degrees of freedom, $\mathbb G$ is the space group acting on $Ω$ and ${\rm d}\mathbb P$ is the ergodic Gibbs measure relative to the $\mathbb G$-action. We first demonstrate how to pass from the continuum Kohn-Sham theory to a discrete atomic-orbitals based formalism without breaking the covariance of the physical observables w.r.t. $(Ω,\mathbb G,{\rm d}\mathbb P)$. Then we show how to implement the Kubo-formula, investigate its self-averaging property and derive an optimal finite-volume approximation for it. We also describe a numerical innovation that made possible AIMD simulations with longer orbits and elaborate on the details of our simulations. Lastly, we present numerical results on the transport coefficients of crystal silicon at different temperatures.
PROGRAM AND NONPROGRAM WHEAT ACREAGE RESPONSES TO PRICES AND RISK
Creators: name: Krause, Mark A.
name: Lee, Jung-Hee
name: Koo, Won W.
name: Krause, Mark A.
name: Lee, Jung-Hee
name: Koo, Won W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Risk and Uncertainty

description: Wheat acreage responses to expected wheat price and price risk are reversed for program and nonprogram-planted acreage in the northern plains, central plains, southern plains, and U.S. Expected wheat price has a strong negative effect on program-complying wheat acreage. Government support prices have a positive effect on program-complying and program-planted acreage. Price risk has a positive effect on program-complying wheat acreage and a negative effect on nonprogram-planted acreage. Estimated price elasticities are higher than in studies where risk was ignored.
أثر الجهد البدني وفق مصادر الطاقة في تطوير بعض الصفات البدنية (السرعة-تحمل السرعة) حسب مراكز اللعب في كرة القدم لفئة 17
Creators: name: ﺳﺎﻳﺢ, ﻋﺒﺪ اﻟﺮﺣﻤﺎن
name: زياني, زكريا
name: ﺑﻦ اﻟﺪﻳﻦ, ﻛﻤﺎل
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Physical effort according to energy sources, speed, and playing positions in football

description: The study aims to identify the effect of physical effort according to energy sources on the development of some physical attributes speed according to playing centers. After collecting the results and processing themstatistically, it was concluded that the structural efforts according to energy sources had a positive and effective effect in developing transitional speed and speed endurance among the members of the experimental group, which was reflected in its impact on performance in football. On this basis, the study recommended conducting more studies aimed at knowing the effect of Physical efforts according to energy systems on various physical attributes of soccer players
Figure S3.pdf from Factors favouring the evolution of multidrug resistance in bacteria
Creators: name: Eliott Jacopin
name: Lehtinen, Sonja
name: Débarre, Florence
name: Blanquart, François
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The evolution of multidrug antibiotic resistance in commensal bacteria is an important public health concern. Commensal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus, are also opportunistic pathogens causing a large fraction of the community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections. Multidrug resistance (MDR) makes these infections harder to treat with antibiotics and may thus cause substantial additional morbidity and mortality. Here, we develop an evolutionary epidemiology model to identify the factors favouring the evolution of MDR in commensal bacteria. The model describes the evolution of antibiotic resistance in a commensal bacterial species evolving in a host population subjected to multiple antibiotic treatments. We combine statistical analysis of a large number of simulations and mathematical analysis to understand the model behaviour. We find that MDR evolves more readily when it is less costly than expected from the combinations of single resistances (negative epistasis). MDR frequently evolves when bacteria are in contact with multiple drugs prescribed in the host population, even if individual hosts are only treated with a single drug at a time. MDR is favoured when the host population is structured in different classes that vary in their rates of antibiotic treatment. However, under most circumstances, recombination between loci involved in resistance does not meaningfully affect the equilibrium frequency of MDR. Together, these results suggest that MDR is a frequent evolutionary outcome in commensal bacteria that encounter the variety of antibiotics prescribed in the host population. A better characterization of the variability in antibiotic use across the host population (e.g. across age classes or geographical location) would help predict which MDR genotypes will most readily evolve.
On the Discrepancy of pp, pbar p Total Cross Sections at sqrt s = 1.8TeV
Creators: name: Igi, Keiji
name: Ishida, Muneyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the previous approach, we have investigated a possibility to resolve the discrepancy between the E710, E811 and CDF at sqrt s =1.8TeV, using the experimental data of the pp, pbar p total cross sections sigma tot(+) and rho(+)$ ratio up to the SPS experiments (sqrt s = 0.9TeV) as inputs. We predict sigma tot(pbar p) and rho(pbar p) at the Tevatron energy(sqrt s=1.8TeV) as sigma tot(pbar p)=75.9+- 1.0mb, rho(pbar p)=0.136+- 0.005. It turns out that only the data of E710 is consistent with the prediction in the one standard deviation. So we can conclude that E710 is preferable but we can exclude neither CDF nor E811 results.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, uses ptptex.sty
RECENT DUALITY CONTRIBUTIONS IN PRODUCTION ECONOMICS
Creators: name: Shumway, C. Richard
name: Shumway, C. Richard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Production Economics

description: This article is a limited assessment of the agricultural production economics literature since 1982 that resulted from dual modeling approaches. Contributions have removed several perceived obstacles to dual modeling, such as testing curvature, identifying the technology when prices are collinear, and examining dynamics of production. Some contributions have also removed obstacles to primal modeling. Dual methods have been used in risk applications only recently and still appear less convenient than primal methods. Convenience may become the primary criterion for selecting primal or dual methods.
Shared vs Private Randomness in Distributed Interactive Proofs
Creators: name: Montealegre, Pedro
name: Ramírez-Romero, Diego
name: Rapaport, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In distributed interactive proofs, the nodes of a graph G interact with a powerful but untrustable prover who tries to convince them, in a small number of rounds and through short messages, that G satisfies some property. This series of interactions is followed by a phase of distributed verification, which may be either deterministic or randomized, where nodes exchange messages with their neighbors. The nature of this last verification round defines the two types of interactive protocols. We say that the protocol is of Arthur-Merlin type if the verification round is deterministic. We say that the protocol is of Merlin-Arthur type if, in the verification round, the nodes are allowed to use a fresh set of random bits. In the original model introduced by Kol, Oshman, and Saxena [PODC 2018], the randomness was private in the sense that each node had only access to an individual source of random coins. Crescenzi, Fraigniaud, and Paz [DISC 2019] initiated the study of the impact of shared randomness (the situation where the coin tosses are visible to all nodes) in the distributed interactive model. In this work, we continue that research line by showing that the impact of the two forms of randomness is very different depending on whether we are considering Arthur-Merlin protocols or Merlin-Arthur protocols. While private randomness gives more power to the first type of protocols, shared randomness provides more power to the second. Our results also connect shared randomness in distributed interactive proofs with distributed verification, and new lower bounds are obtained.
The Proper Forcing Axiom, Prikry forcing, and the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis
Creators: name: Moore, Justin Tatch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E05, 03E10, 03E75

description: The purpose of this paper is to present some results which suggest that the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis follows from the Proper Forcing Axiom. What will be proved is that a form of simultaneous reflection follows from the Set Mapping Reflection Principle, a consequence of PFA. While the results fall short of showing that MRP implies SCH, it will be shown that MRP implies that if SCH fails first at kappa then every stationary subset of S_{kappa^+}^omega = {a < kappa^+ : cf(a) = omega} reflects. It will also be demonstrated that MRP always fails in a generic extension by Prikry forcing.
description: 7 pages
PaperNotebook clean2 justanalysis.pdf from Factors favouring the evolution of multidrug resistance in bacteria
Creators: name: Eliott Jacopin
name: Lehtinen, Sonja
name: Débarre, Florence
name: Blanquart, François
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The evolution of multidrug antibiotic resistance in commensal bacteria is an important public health concern. Commensal bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Streptococcus pneumoniae or Staphylococcus aureus, are also opportunistic pathogens causing a large fraction of the community-acquired and hospital-acquired bacterial infections. Multidrug resistance (MDR) makes these infections harder to treat with antibiotics and may thus cause substantial additional morbidity and mortality. Here, we develop an evolutionary epidemiology model to identify the factors favouring the evolution of MDR in commensal bacteria. The model describes the evolution of antibiotic resistance in a commensal bacterial species evolving in a host population subjected to multiple antibiotic treatments. We combine statistical analysis of a large number of simulations and mathematical analysis to understand the model behaviour. We find that MDR evolves more readily when it is less costly than expected from the combinations of single resistances (negative epistasis). MDR frequently evolves when bacteria are in contact with multiple drugs prescribed in the host population, even if individual hosts are only treated with a single drug at a time. MDR is favoured when the host population is structured in different classes that vary in their rates of antibiotic treatment. However, under most circumstances, recombination between loci involved in resistance does not meaningfully affect the equilibrium frequency of MDR. Together, these results suggest that MDR is a frequent evolutionary outcome in commensal bacteria that encounter the variety of antibiotics prescribed in the host population. A better characterization of the variability in antibiotic use across the host population (e.g. across age classes or geographical location) would help predict which MDR genotypes will most readily evolve.
Generating Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill qubit using a cross-Kerr interaction between a squeezed light and Fock states in optics
Creators: name: Fukui, Kosuke
name: Endo, Mamoru
name: Asavanant, Warit
name: Sakaguchi, Atsushi
name: Yoshikawa, Jun-ichi
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) qubit is a promising ingredient for fault-tolerant quantum computation (FTQC) in optical continuous variables due to its advantage of noise tolerance and scalability. However, one of the main problems in the preparation of the optical GKP qubit is the difficulty in obtaining the nonlinearity. Cross-Kerr interaction is one of the promising candidates for this nonlinearity. There is no existing scheme to use the cross-Kerr interaction to generate the optical GKP qubit for FTQC. In this work, we propose a generation method of the GKP qubit by using a cross-Kerr interaction between a squeezed light and a superposition of Fock states. We numerically show that the GKP qubit with the 10 dB can be generated with a mean fidelities of 99.99 and 99.9% at the success probabilities of 2.7 and 4.8%, respectively. Therefore, our method has potential method to generate the optical GKP qubit with a quality required for FTQC when we obtain the sufficient technologies for the preparation of ancillary Fock states and a cross-Kerr interaction.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
An Extreme Case of a Misaligned Highly Flattened Wind in the Wolf-Rayet Binary CX Cephei
Creators: name: Villar-Sbaffi, A.
name: St-Louis, N.
name: Moffat, Anthony F. J.
name: Piirola, Vilppu
name: de Physique, 1- Departement
name: Vaticana, Observatoire du Mont Megantic. 2- Tuorla Observatory. 3- Specola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CX Cep (WR 151) is the WR+O binary (WN5+O5V) with the second shortest period known in our Galaxy. To examine the circumstellar matter distribution and to better constraint the orbital parameters and mass-loss rate of the WR star, we obtained broadband and multi-band (i.e. UBVRI) linear polarization observations of the system. Our analysis of the phase-locked polarimetric modulation confirms the high orbital inclination of the system (i.e. $i=65^o$). Using the orbital solution of Lewis et al. (1993) we obtain masses of $33.9 M_{\odot}$ and $23.9 M_{\odot}$ for the O and WR stars respectively, which agree with their spectral types. A simple polarimetric model accounting for finite stellar size effects allowed us to derive a mass-loss rate for the WR star of $0.3-0.5\times10^{-5} M_{\odot}/yr$. This result was remarkably independent of the model's input parameters and favors an earlier spectral type for the WR component (i.e. WN4). Finally, using our multi-band observations, we fitted and subtracted from our data the interstellar polarization. The resulting constant intrinsic polarization of $3-4%$ is misaligned in relation to the orbital plane (i.e. $θ_{CIP}=26^o$ vs. $Ω=75^o$) and is the highest intrinsic polarization ever observed for a WR star. This misalignment points towards a rotational (or magnetic) origin for the asymmetry and contradicts the most recent evolutionary models for massive stars (Meynet & Maeder 2003) which predict spherically symmetric winds during the WR phase (i.e. $CIP=0%$).
description: 26 pages, 4 figures. Astrophysical Journal (submited)
THE RHETORIC OF DUALITY
Creators: name: Paris, Quirino
name: Caputo, Michael R.
name: Paris, Quirino
name: Caputo, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Agricultural economists' view of duality has often assumed the characteristics of an ambivalent relation. During the eighties, several authors published papers which put in doubt this or that aspects of duality. This study emphasizes the notion that duality is a time-honored approach suitable for solving problems that can be expressed mathematically. Contrary to many assertions that appeared in the agricultural economics literature, duality does not seem to suffer from any theoretical limitations any more than does the formulation of the primal problem. The article presents two problems that can be solved with dual methods. The authors are incapable of deriving the same results using primal approach.
Magnetostimulated Chandges of Microhardness in Potassium Acid Phthalate Crystals
Creators: name: Koldaeva, M. V.
name: Turskaya, T. N.
name: Darinskaya, E. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A decrease in microhardness along the (010) cleavage in potassium acid phthalate single crystals by 15--18% after the application of a permanent magnetic field was revealed for the first time. It is shown that the effect revealed is of the volume character. The role of interlayer water in the processes stimulated by a magnetic field is studied., Interlayer water plays does not cause the observed changes it only plays the part of an indicator of these changes in potassium acid phthalate crystals in a magnetic field. It is established that microhardness in the (100) plane of the crystal in an applied a magnetic field first increases by 12--15% and then remains constant in time within the accuracy of the experiment. The possibility of varying the crystal structure of potassium acid phthalate crystals by applying magnetic fields inducing rearrangement in the system of hydrogen bonds or in the defect structure is discussed.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
A PROTOCOL OR A SET OF STANDARDS TO GUIDE AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS RESEARCH
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Luzar, E. Jane
name: Chambers, Orlando D.
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Luzar, E. Jane
name: Chambers, Orlando D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This article examines some difficult decisions that agricultural economists must confront in doing research. Over many years, rules and standards have developed in agricultural economics that guide researchers, providing an underlying framework for research methods. This article deals with applying these seldom discussed guidelines to specific research situations confronted by agricultural economists. With this article, we hope to stimulate a dialogue among agricultural economists about the need for additional, appropriate methodological guidelines in agricultural economics research.
Nonperturbative Newtonian coupling in Einstein gravity with Dirac fields
Creators: name: Granda, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the exact renormalization group (RG) in Einstein gravity coupled to N-component spinor field, working in the effective average action formalism and background field method. The truncated evolution equation is obtained for the Newtonian and cosmological constants. We have shown that screening or antiscreening behaviour of the gravitational coupling depends crucially on the number of spinor components
description: 7 pages, LaTeX, minor typos corrected
RISK AND MARKET PARTICIPANT BEHAVIOR IN THE U.S. SLAUGHTER-CATTLE MARKET
Creators: name: Feuz, Dillon M.
name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Wagner, John J.
name: Feuz, Dillon M.
name: Fausti, Scott W.
name: Wagner, John J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: Incomplete information generates uncertainty for market participants in the slaughter-cattle market. Buyer and seller behavior in the presence of that uncertainty is examined. Statistically significant risk premiums are charged by packers when buying slaughter cattle on either a live- or dressed-weight basis compared to buying on a grade-and-yield basis. Pratt-Arrow risk-aversion coefficients are calculated for buyers and these remain constant over all marketing methods. Sellers market cattle under all three marketing methods, suggesting producers' attitudes toward risk (risk-aversion coefficients) vary.
4-2019-JAPER-368-x.docx
Creators: name: Hosam Magdy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110317 Physiotherapy
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: gait and motor disturbances are common among multiple sclerosis patients. Objective: to measure difference between the effect of Cawthorne Cooksey and vestibular habituation exercises on trunk kinetics and velocity of gait in patients with multiple sclerosis. Methods: Forty five subjects with multiple sclerosis were assigned into three equal groups. Subjects were assessed using Biodex isokinetic dynamometer and clinical test (Timed 10-Meter Walk Test). Results: This study revealed that trunk flexors torque and self-selected velocity are significantly improved in three groups with the best results for group II. Conclusion: Cawthorne Cooksey Exercises could be considered a valuable method for improving trunk kinetics and velocity of gait in multiple sclerosis patients.
The Costs and Benefits of Introducing Mandatory Hygiene Regulations
Creators: name: Cao, Kay
name: Johnson, Robin
name: Cao, Kay
name: Johnson, Robin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: HACCP/RMP
subject: Benefit Cost Analysis
subject: Meat
subject: New Zealand

description: In an idealised model the costs of capital and maintenance and the resulting flow of income benefits over a period of years enables the analyst to produce computations of present values and internal rates of return that summarise the whole investment process in a micro environment. In approaching an industry investment problem like mandatory hygiene regulations with benefits or costs to other entities involved, identifying the appropriate capital and maintenance costs and the industry and non-industry benefits is a giant task. In this paper, we report an attempt to identify the extra costs involved in the introduction of the regulations where industry recorded data is not available, and an attempt to identify industry and non-industry benefits from modelling market effects when countries impose restrictions on exports of NZ meat products. For the latter we employ the GTAP model and examine the saved costs to NZ when countries do not impose import restrictions on hygiene grounds. The problem involves consideration of private and public costs and benefits and the flow of costs and benefits when inadequate data is only available. Although our results are confined to average responses to the hygiene programme, they do give an indication of the overall necessity for embarking on such programmes in today's trading conditions.
Supplementary Information for: Behavioral patterns behind the demise of the commons across different cultures
Creators: name: M. Jusup
name: F. Maciel-Cardoso
name: C. Gracia-Lázaro
name: C. Liu
name: Z. Wang
name: Y. Moreno
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Supplementary information which contains framing and instructions, methods, figures, and tables that complement the main text titled “Behavioral patterns behind the demise of the commons across different cultures.”
Extra symmetry in the field equations in 5D with spatial spherical symmetry
Creators: name: de Leon, J. Ponce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the field equations in 5D, with spatial spherical symmetry, possess an extra symmetry that leaves them invariant. This symmetry corresponds to certain simultaneous interchange of coordinates and metric coefficients. As a consequence a single solution in 5D can generate very different scenarios in 4D, ranging from static configurations to cosmological situations. A new perspective emanates from our work. Namely, that different astrophysical and cosmological scenarios in 4D might correspond to the same physics in 5D. We present explicit examples that illustrate this point of view.
description: Typos corrected. Accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity
Choosing an Empirical Production Function: Theory, Nonnested Hypotheses, Costs of Specifications
Creators: name: Hall, Harry H.
name: Hall, Harry H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: functional forms
subject: neoclassical production theory
subject: production functions
subject: response functions
subject: specification.

description: This paper considers the specification of a production function, using crop-yield response to agricultural lime as an example. The paper first reviews neoclassical production theory, observing that this theory specifies neither the form nor the arguments of a production function. Several functions that are consistent with the theory are then evaluated by goodness-of-fit tests, by nonnested-hypothesis tests, and by "costs of misspecification." Neither goodness-of-fit tests nor nonnested-hypothesis tests provide a clear choice among the candidate functions; costs of misspecification provide some choice.
Understanding the Market for Holstein Steers
Creators: name: Maynard, Leigh J.
name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Burdine, Kenneth H.
name: Maynard, Leigh J.
name: Meyer, A. Lee
name: Burdine, Kenneth H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A semi-structured interview process was combined with an econometric analysis to document the newly changed structure of the Holstein sector, to evaluate existing quality perceptions, and to assess the impact that recent changes in production practices have had on prices of Holstein steers. Results suggest that finished Holstein steer prices are driven by many of the same market factors as native steers, overturning some common quality misconceptions. The shift towards the calf-fed production model appears to have greatly affected the market for backgrounded Holstein steers, but had little impact on the prices for light Holstein feeder steers.