cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Achieving Near Map Performance with an Excited Markov Chain Monte Carlo MIMO Detector
Creators: name: Hedstrom, Jonathan Carl
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Electrical engineering

description: The continuous growth of wireless communication use has largely exhausted the limited spectrum available. Methods to improve spectral efficiency are in high demand and will continue to be for the foreseeable future. Several technologies have the potential to make large improvements to spectral efficiency and the total capacity of networks including massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO), cognitive radio, and spatial-multiplexing MIMO. Of these, spatial-multiplexing MIMO has the largest near-term potential as it has already been adopted in the WiFi, WiMAX, and LTE standards. Although transmitting independent MIMO streams is cheap and easy, with a mere linear increase in cost with streams, receiving MIMO is difficult since the optimal methods have exponentially increasing cost and power consumption. Suboptimal MIMO detectors such as K-Best have a drastically reduced complexity compared to optimal methods but still have an undesirable exponentially increasing cost with data-rate. The Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) detector has been proposed as a near-optimal method with polynomial cost, but it has a history of unusual performance issues which have hindered its adoption. In this dissertation, we introduce a revised derivation of the bitwise MCMC MIMO detector. The new approach resolves the previously reported high SNR stalling problem of MCMC without the need for hybridization with another detector method or adding heuristic temperature scaling terms. Another common problem with MCMC algorithms is an unknown convergence time making predictable fixed-length implementations problematic. When an insufficient number of iterations is used on a slowly converging example, the output LLRs can be unstable and overconfident, therefore, we develop a method to identify rare, slowly converging runs and mitigate their degrading effects on the soft-output information. This improves forward-error-correcting code performance and removes a symptomatic error floor in bit-error-rates. Next, pseudo-convergence is identified with a novel way to visualize the internal behavior of the Gibbs sampler. An effective and efficient pseudo-convergence detection and escape strategy is suggested. Finally, the new excited MCMC (X-MCMC) detector is shown to have near maximum-a-posteriori (MAP) performance even with challenging, realistic, highly-correlated channels at the maximum MIMO sizes and modulation rates supported by the 802.11ac WiFi specification, 8x8 256 QAM. Further, the new excited MCMC (X-MCMC) detector is demonstrated on an 8-antenna MIMO testbed with the 802.11ac WiFi protocol, confirming its high performance. Finally, a VLSI implementation of the X-MCMC detector is presented which retains the near-optimal performance of the floating-point algorithm while having one of the lowest complexities found in the near-optimal MIMO detector literature.
Abrogation of Liver Cancer with Thermal Ablation and Targeted Heat Shock Inhibition
Creators: name: Chen, Yizhe
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019

description: Thermal ablation is widely used, first line local-regional therapy for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Although high temperature delivered by thermal energy results in efficient coagulation necrosis in tumor cells, various factors including tumor size, shape, location, and cirrhosis can lead to un-uniform heat distribution and inefficient cell damage. As a result, the incomplete ablation causes high rates of tumor recurrence and poor survival for HCC patients. Cells that are not completely ablated can induce heat shock proteins (HSPs), which are cellular gatekeepers to protect tumor cells from thermal damage and prepare them for future neoplastic growth. Synchronous adjuvant chemotherapy targeting those cells can achieve more complete tumor abrogation and prevent future tumor recurrence. This dissertation describes a strategy to combat postablation recurrence by synchronous inhibition of heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) by thermo-responsive, elastin-like polypeptide (ELP)-based biopolymer conjugates. ELP copolymer carries high concentrations of a potent HSP90 inhibitor, geldanamycin (GA), which inhibit the induction of HSP90 and further destabilize numerous HSP90 client proteins critical for cell survival. It is hypothesized that combination of thermal ablation with concomitant inhibition of HSP90 via ELP-GA conjugates can achieve synergistic anticancer effect. Specifically, the ablation-created hyperthermia will sensitize tumor cells to be more vulnerable to the drug, which will be conjugated with high concentrations through thermally targeted, ELP-based biopolymer systems. The ELP conjugates, in turn, will reach and kill the remaining viable cells to prevent future recurrence. ELP-GA conjugates that ferry multiple GAs and rapidly respond to hyperthermia were synthesized, characterized, and evaluated for activity in HCC models. The cytotoxicity of ELP-GA conjugates was enhanced with hyperthermia treatment, and effective HSP90 inhibition was achieved in HCC cell lines. In a tumor-bearing mouse model, electrocautery-based thermal ablation offered effective destruction of tumor core and created a hyperthermia zone for targeted delivery and accumulation of ELP-GA conjugates. Results demonstrate that the combination of thermal ablation and targeted HSP90 inhibition can enhance the anticancer effect and cellular delivery of macromolecular chemotherapeutics to achieve safe, synergistic, and long-term anticancer effect with no tumor recurrence observed. The combination approach paves the way for developing molecular-targeted intervention to increase the efficacy of first-line local-regional therapies for HCC.
Supplementary Figure 4 from Transcriptional analyses provide new insight into the late-stage immune response of a diseased Caribbean coral
Creators: name: Fuess, Lauren E.
name: Mann, Whitney T.
name: Jinks, Lea R.
name: Brinkhuis, Vanessa
name: Mydlarz, Laura D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Heatmap of contigs belonging to Module 19 that had GO annotations involved in immune response, signaling or adhesion. Log2 transformed expression values are displayed for each sample. Colonies are ordered by treatment and contigs are clustered based on similarity in expression patterns. Contigs that were only expressed in one sample not shown.
Supplementary Figure 3 from Transcriptional analyses provide new insight into the late-stage immune response of a diseased Caribbean coral
Creators: name: Fuess, Lauren E.
name: Mann, Whitney T.
name: Jinks, Lea R.
name: Brinkhuis, Vanessa
name: Mydlarz, Laura D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Heatmap of contigs belonging to Module 4 that had GO annotations involved in DNA or RNA processing or a component of the cell cycle. Log2 transformed expression values are displayed for each sample. Colonies are ordered by treatment and contigs are clustered based on similarity in expression patterns. Contigs that were only expressed in one sample not shown.
Phase separation and large deviations of lattice active matter
Creators: name: Whitelam, Stephen
name: Klymko, Katherine
name: Mandal, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Off-lattice active Brownian particles form clusters and undergo phase separation even in the absence of attractions or velocity-alignment mechanisms. Arguments that explain this phenomenon appeal only to the ability of particles to move persistently in a direction that fluctuates, but existing lattice models of hard particles that account for this behavior do not exhibit phase separation. Here we present a lattice model of active matter that exhibits motility-induced phase separation in the absence of velocity alignment. Using direct and rare-event sampling of dynamical trajectories we show that clustering and phase separation are accompanied by pronounced fluctuations of static and dynamic order parameters. This model provides a complement to off-lattice models for the study of motility-induced phase separation.
description: Submitted along with arXiv:1709.03951 as a joint work to PRE and PRL
Simulating Wearable Urban Augmented Reality Experiences in VR: Lessons Learnt from Designing Two Future Urban Interfaces
Creators: name: Tran, Tram Thi Minh
name: Parker, Callum
name: Hoggenmüller, Marius
name: Hespanhol, Luke
name: Tomitsch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Augmented reality (AR) has the potential to fundamentally change how people engage with increasingly interactive urban environments. However, many challenges exist in designing and evaluating these new urban AR experiences, such as technical constraints and safety concerns associated with outdoor AR. We contribute to this domain by assessing the use of virtual reality (VR) for simulating wearable urban AR experiences, allowing participants to interact with future AR interfaces in a realistic, safe and controlled setting. This paper describes two wearable urban AR applications (pedestrian navigation and autonomous mobility) simulated in VR. Based on a thematic analysis of interview data collected across the two studies, we found that the VR simulation successfully elicited feedback on the functional benefits of AR concepts and the potential impact of urban contextual factors, such as safety concerns, attentional capacity, and social considerations. At the same time, we highlighted the limitations of this approach in terms of assessing the AR interface's visual quality and providing exhaustive contextual information. The paper concludes with recommendations for simulating wearable urban AR experiences in VR.
Additional file 3 of SETD8, a frequently mutated gene in cervical cancer, enhances cisplatin sensitivity by impairing DNA repair
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Cao, Chen
name: Tan, Xiangyu
name: Liao, Xueyao
name: Du, Xiaofang
name: Wang, Xueqian
name: Liu, Ting
name: Gong, Danni
name: Hu, Zheng
name: Tian, Xun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 3: Figure S3.SETD8 mutation can affect the methyltransferase activity on H4K20 and SETD8 correlated with H4K20me1/2 and γ-H2AX levels before and after cisplatin chemotherapy.
Solving Satisfiability Problems by the Ground-State Quantum Computer
Creators: name: Mao, Wenjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A quantum algorithm is proposed to solve the Satisfiability problems by the ground-state quantum computer. The scale of the energy gap of the ground-state quantum computer is analyzed for the 3-bit Exact Cover problem. The time cost of this algorithm on the general SAT problems is discussed.
description: Extended version of quant-ph/0411194. 8 pages, 7 figures
A Review of Virtual Reality Studies on Autonomous Vehicle--Pedestrian Interaction
Creators: name: Tran, Tram Thi Minh
name: Parker, Callum
name: Tomitsch, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An increasing number of studies employ virtual reality (VR) to evaluate interactions between autonomous vehicles (AVs) and pedestrians. VR simulators are valued for their cost-effectiveness, flexibility in developing various traffic scenarios, safe conduct of user studies, and acceptable ecological validity. Reviewing the literature between 2010 and 2020, we found 31 empirical studies using VR as a testing apparatus for both implicit and explicit communication. By performing a systematic analysis, we identified current coverage of critical use cases, obtained a comprehensive account of factors influencing pedestrian behavior in simulated traffic scenarios, and assessed evaluation measures. Based on the findings, we present a set of recommendations for implementing VR pedestrian simulators and propose directions for future research.
Reduced magnetic braking and the magnetic capture model for the formation of ultra-compact binaries
Creators: name: van der Sluys, M. V.
name: Verbunt, F.
name: Pols, O. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A binary in which a slightly evolved star starts mass transfer to a neutron star can evolve towards ultra-short orbital periods under the influence of magnetic braking. This is called magnetic capture. In a previous paper we showed that ultra-short periods are only reached for an extremely small range of initial binary parameters, in particular orbital period and donor mass. Our conclusion was based on one specific choice for the law of magnetic braking, and for the loss of mass and angular momentum during mass transfer. In this paper we show that for less efficient magnetic braking it is impossible to evolve to ultra-short periods, independent of the amount of mass and associated angular momentum lost from the binary.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. See http://www.astro.uu.nl/~sluys/PhD/
Hybrid Dirac Semimetal in CaAgBi Materials Family
Creators: name: Chen, Cong
name: Wang, Shan-Shan
name: Liu, Lei
name: Yu, Zhi-Ming
name: Sheng, Xian-Lei
name: Chen, Ziyu
name: Yang, Shengyuan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on their formation mechanisms, Dirac points in three-dimensional systems can be classified as accidental or essential. The former can be further distinguished into type-I and type-II, depending on whether the Dirac cone spectrum is completely tipped over along certain direction. Here, we predict the coexistence of all three kinds of Dirac points in the low-energy band structure of CaAgBi-family materials with a stuffed Wurtzite structure. Two pairs of accidental Dirac points reside on the rotational axis, with one pair being type-I and the other pair type-II; while another essential Dirac point is pinned at the high symmetry point on the Brillouin zone boundary. Due to broken inversion symmetry, the band degeneracy around accidental Dirac points is completely lifted except along the rotational axis, which may enable the splitting of chiral carriers at a ballistic p-n junction with a double negative refraction effect. We clarify their symmetry protections, and find both the Dirac-cone and Fermi arc topological surface states.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Evidence of Herding and Stubbornness in Jury Deliberations
Creators: name: Burghardt, Keith
name: Rand, William
name: Girvan, Michelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore how the mechanics of collective decision-making, especially of jury deliberation, can be inferred from macroscopic statistics. We first hypothesize that the dynamics of competing opinions can leave a "fingerprint" in the joint distribution of final votes and time to reach a decision. We probe this hypothesis by modeling jury datasets from different states collected in different years and identifying which of the models best explains opinion dynamics in juries. In our best-fit model, individual jurors have a "herding" tendency to adopt the majority opinion of the jury, but as the amount of time they have held their current opinion increases, so too does their resistance to changing their opinion (what we call "increasing stubbornness"). By contrast, other models without increasing stubbornness, or without herding, create poorer fits to data. Our findings suggest that both stubbornness and herding play an important role in collective decision-making.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures (5 figures in the main text, and 8 figures in the SI). Watermarks removed in version 2 and two very minor typos fixed
Precise Branching Ratio Measurements of the Decays D0-->pi- pi+ pi0 and D0-->K- K+ pi0
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 232 fb-1 of e+e- collision data recorded by the BaBar experiment, we measure the ratios of three-body Cabibbo-suppressed decay rates of the D^0 meson relative to that of the Cabibbo-favored decay: B(D0 --> pi- pi+ pi0)/ B(D0 --> K- pi+ pi0) = (10.59 +/- 0.06 +/- 0.13).10^{-2} and B(D0 --> K- K+ pi0)/ B(D0 --> K- pi+ pi0) = (2.37 +/- 0.03 +/- 0.04). 10^{-2}, where the errors are statistical and systematic respectively. The precisions of these measurements are significantly better than those of the current world average values.We note that the second result differs significantly from the current world average value. Using the PDG-2006 value for D0 --> K- pi+ pi0 branching fraction, we obtain, B(D0 --> pi- pi+ pi0) = (1.493 +/- 0.008 +/- 0.018 +/- 0.053). 10^{-2}, B(D0 --> K- K+ pi0) = (0.334 +/- 0.004 +/- 0.006 +/- 0.012). 10^{-2}, where the errors are statistical, systematic, and due to the uncertainty of B(D0 --> K- pi+ pi0). The average squared matrix elements for both of the singly Cabibbo-suppressed decays are roughly a factor of sin^2 θ_C smaller than that for the Cabibbo-favored decay and are therefore, in contrast to the corresponding two-body modes, consistent with the naive expectations.
description: 7 pages, 5 postscript figues, submitted to Phys. Rev. D (Rapid Communications)
Holistic HMI Design for Automated Vehicles: Bridging In-Vehicle and External Communication
Creators: name: Dong, Haoyu
name: Tran, Tram Thi Minh
name: Bazilinskyy, Pavlo
name: Hoggenmüller, Marius
name: Dey, Debargha
name: Cazacu, Silvia
name: Franssen, Mervyn
name: Gao, Ruolin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the field of automated vehicles (AVs) advances, it has become increasingly critical to develop human-machine interfaces (HMI) for both internal and external communication. Critical dialogue is emerging around the potential necessity for a holistic approach to HMI designs, which promotes the integration of both in-vehicle user and external road user perspectives. This approach aims to create a unified and coherent experience for different stakeholders interacting with AVs. This workshop seeks to bring together designers, engineers, researchers, and other stakeholders to delve into relevant use cases, exploring the potential advantages and challenges of this approach. The insights generated from this workshop aim to inform further design and research in the development of coherent HMIs for AVs, ultimately for more seamless integration of AVs into existing traffic.
Investigating the Benefits of Projection Head for Representation Learning
Creators: name: Xue, Yihao
name: Gan, Eric
name: Ni, Jiayi
name: Joshi, Siddharth
name: Mirzasoleiman, Baharan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An effective technique for obtaining high-quality representations is adding a projection head on top of the encoder during training, then discarding it and using the pre-projection representations. Despite its proven practical effectiveness, the reason behind the success of this technique is poorly understood. The pre-projection representations are not directly optimized by the loss function, raising the question: what makes them better? In this work, we provide a rigorous theoretical answer to this question. We start by examining linear models trained with self-supervised contrastive loss. We reveal that the implicit bias of training algorithms leads to layer-wise progressive feature weighting, where features become increasingly unequal as we go deeper into the layers. Consequently, lower layers tend to have more normalized and less specialized representations. We theoretically characterize scenarios where such representations are more beneficial, highlighting the intricate interplay between data augmentation and input features. Additionally, we demonstrate that introducing non-linearity into the network allows lower layers to learn features that are completely absent in higher layers. Finally, we show how this mechanism improves the robustness in supervised contrastive learning and supervised learning. We empirically validate our results through various experiments on CIFAR-10/100, UrbanCars and shifted versions of ImageNet. We also introduce a potential alternative to projection head, which offers a more interpretable and controllable design.
Additional file 1 of Seroprevalence of human T-lymphotropic virus infection among blood donors in China: a first nationwide survey
Creators: name: Chang, Le
name: Ou, Shanhai
name: Shan, Zhengang
name: Zhu, Faming
name: Ji, Huimin
name: Rong, Xia
name: Guo, Fei
name: Jiang, Xinyi
name: Sun, Huizhen
name: Yan, Ying
name: Wang, Lunan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Repeatedly reactive donations (n=63) by confirmatory test
title: Streamflow Duration Curves: Focus on Low Flows
Creators: name: Carcano, E.
name: Betasolo, M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: Flow duration curves (FDCs) express the link between a selected streamflow and the percentage in time such value is exceeded. The curves provide a graphical insight into hydrological regimes, though, the absence of time-series data is a significant shortcoming. Conversely to what happens with hygrograms, flows in FDCs are represented without regard of sequence of occurrence. This paper explores FDCs of 19 catchments for which, at least, 10 years of daily discharges are available. FDCs can be built for any temporal scale (i.e. daily, weekly, monthly). In this study daily discharges have been adopted because daily scale better represents the variation in flow. A particular focus is on low flow data which are useful to the design: fish ladders, environmental passages and low flow diversions. The work also introduces a unique hydrological area having the inner catchments similar response among themselves in terms of low flow data. For such an hydrologically homogeneous area, environmental flow, namely the amount of water released uniquely for biological requirements, is appropriately detected.
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour le prieuré de Gilly : rachat de la rente due à Saint-Germain-des-Prés (c. 1501), Cart. 194 (11 H 636), 64 folios, f. 0102
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2015
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: cartulaire
subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour le prieuré de Gilly : rachat de la rente due à Saint-Germain-des-Prés (c. 1501), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 194 (11 H 636), 64 folios, f. 0102, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de Cîteaux pour le prieuré de Gilly : rachat de la rente due à Saint-Germain-des-Prés (c. 1501), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 194 (11 H 636), 64 folios, f. 0102, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
Electronic supplementary from A new Miocene pinniped Allodesmus (Mammalia: Carnivora) from Hokkaido, northern Japan
Creators: name: Tonomori, Wataru
name: Sawamura, Hiroshi
name: Sato, Tamaki
name: Kohno, Naoki
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 40308 Palaeontology (incl. Palynology)
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: A nearly complete pinniped skeleton from the middle Miocene Okoppezawa Formation (ca. 16.3–13.9 Ma), Hokkaido, northern Japan, is described as the holotype of Allodesmus uraiporensis sp. nov. The new species is distinguishable from other species of the genus by having the palatine fissure (incisive foramen) that is located anterior to the canine, an anteriorly located supraorbital process of the frontal, and by having the calcaneum with a developed peroneal tubercle. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that the subfamily Allodesminae are represented by two genera, Atopotarus and Allodesmus, and the latter genus is represented by at least six species; Al. kernensis, Al. sinanoensis, Al. naorai, Al. packardi, Al. demerei and Al. uraiporensis sp. nov. Allodesmus uraiporensis sp. nov. is one of the oldest and the northernmost record of the genus in the Western North Pacific, and it suggests that the diversification of the genus in the Western North Pacific was synchronous to the time of their diversification in the eastern North Pacific.
A Unifying Topological Action for Heterotic and Type II Superstring Theories
Creators: name: Baulieu, Laurent
name: Green, Michael B.
name: Rabinovici, Eliezer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The heterotic and type II superstring actions are identified in different anomaly-free decompositions of a single topological sigma-model action depending on bosonic and fermionic coordinates, $X^μ$ and $\r^A$ respectively, and of their topological ghosts. This model results from gauge-fixing the topological gauge symmetry $δX^μ= ε^μ(z,\bar z)$ ($μ=1,2,\dots, 10$) and $δ\r^α= ε^α(z,\bar z)$. ($α=1,2.\dots, 16$). From another viewpoint the heterotic and type II superstring actions emerge as two different gauge-fixings of the same closed two-form. Comments are also made concerning the possibility of relating $ρ^α$ to a Majorana-Weyl space-time spinor superpartner of $X^μ$.
description: 14 pages, LaTeX, no figures
Advancement in Biomedical Magnetic Resonance Imaging and Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Thapa, Bijaya
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medical imaging
subject: Physics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This dissertation comprises two separate studies: 1) efficacy of an anabolic steroid, oxandrolone, on the energy utilization of the heart of a lamb born with single ventricle (SV) physiology using 31P MR spectroscopy (MRS) and 2) signal behavior of ultra-high-b radial diffusion weighted imaging (UHb-rDWI) in healthy and multiple sclerosis (MS) subjects. SV infants have the highest mortality of all infants that have congenital heart defects. Their inability to gain weight appropriately may be due to high cardiac energy requirements from their shunt dependent physiology. We hypothesize that oxandrolone, which is already known to markedly improve the nutritional state of burn patients, will improve the energy utilization in the heart. We tested our hypothesis on SV modelled lambs using 31P MRS, home built 1H/31P double tuned radio frequency (RF) coil, and 1H and 31P T/R switches. We monitored cardiac energy in the lamb by quantitatively evaluating the first-order forward reaction rate (kf) of the creatine-kinase (CK) reaction in the heart. Spinal cord injury due to pathologies, such as MS, may include demyelination and/or axonal damage and lead to varying degrees of neurologic deficit. Noninvasive imaging biomarkers for earlier disease detection and monitoring in the follow-up and treatment stages would be a significant advancement in patient care. Moreover, imaging of the cervical spinal cord (CSC) is technically challenging because of the low signal to noise ratio from the small cross section of the cord, susceptibility artifact due to tissue-bone interface, and motion induced artifact from breathing and swallowing. To resolve these challenges, we used the UHb-rDWI technique and a CSC dedicated phased array RF coil. We studied the behavior of UHb-rDWI signal over the range of b-values from 0 sec/mm2 to 7348 sec/mm2 in the CSC of healthy and MS subjects over multiple time points. In the normal CSC, the signal decays fast at low b and slowly at UHb (b>4000 sec/mm2). In MS patients, the region affected by active lesions revealed a marked decrease in signal intensities in UHb region. UHb-rDWI could, therefore, be used for establishing an imaging biomarker to distinguish inflammation, demyelination, and axonal loss in the CSC.
Internal Consistency of Fault-Tolerant Quantum Error Correction in Light of Rigorous Derivations of the Quantum Markovian Limit
Creators: name: Alicki, R.
name: Lidar, D. A.
name: Zanardi, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We critically examine the internal consistency of a set of minimal assumptions entering the theory of fault-tolerant quantum error correction for Markovian noise. These assumptions are: fast gates, a constant supply of fresh and cold ancillas, and a Markovian bath. We point out that these assumptions may not be mutually consistent in light of rigorous formulations of the Markovian approximation. Namely, Markovian dynamics requires either the singular coupling limit (high temperature), or the weak coupling limit (weak system-bath interaction). The former is incompatible with the assumption of a constant and fresh supply of cold ancillas, while the latter is inconsistent with fast gates. We discuss ways to resolve these inconsistencies. As part of our discussion we derive, in the weak coupling limit, a new master equation for a system subject to periodic driving.
description: 19 pages. v2: Significantly expanded version. New title. Includes a debate section in response to comments on the previous version, many of which appeared here http://dabacon.org/pontiff/?p=959 and here http://dabacon.org/pontiff/?p=1028. Contains a new derivation of the Markovian master equation with periodic driving
Cloaking Transition of Droplets on Lubricated Brushes
Creators: name: Badr, Rodrique G. M.
name: Hauer, Lukas
name: Vollmer, Doris
name: Schmid, Friederike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the equilibrium properties and the wetting behavior of a simple liquid on a polymer brush, with and without presence of lubricant by multibody Dissipative Particle Dynamics simulations. The lubricant is modelled as a polymeric liquid consisting of short chains that are chemically identical to the brush polymers. We investigate the behavior of the brush in terms of the grafting density and the amount of lubricant present. Regarding the wetting behavior, we study a sessile droplet on top of the brush. The droplet consists of non-bonded particles that form a dense phase. Our model and choice of parameters result in the formation of a wetting ridge and in the cloaking of the droplet by the lubricant, i.e. the lubricant chains creep up onto the droplet and eventually cover its surface completely. Cloaking is a phenomenon that is observed experimentally and is of integral importance to the dynamics of sliding droplets. We quantify the cloaking in terms of its thickness, which increases with the amount of lubricant present. The analysis reveals a well-defined transition point where the cloaking sets in. We propose a thermodynamic theory to explain this behavior. In addition we investigate the dependence of the contact angles on the size of the droplet and the possible effect of line tension. We quantify the variation of the contact angle with the curvature of the contact line on a lubricant free brush and find a negative value for the line tension. Finally we investigate the effect of cloaking/lubrication on the contact angles and the wetting ridge. We find that lubrication and cloaking reduce the contact angles by a couple of degrees. The effect on the wetting ridge is a reduction in the extension of the brush chains near the three phase contact line, an effect that was also observed in experiments of droplets on crosslinked gels.
Gauge Dependence in Chern-Simons Theory
Creators: name: Dilkes, F. A.
name: Martin, L. C.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
name: Sherry, T. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the contribution to the modulus of the one-loop effective action in pure non-Abelian Chern-Simons theory in an arbitrary covariant gauge. We find that the results are dependent on both the gauge parameter ($α$) and the metric required in the gauge fixing. A contribution arises that has not been previously encountered; it is of the form $(α/ \sqrt{p^2}) ε_{μλν} p^λ$. This is possible as in three dimensions $α$ is dimensionful. A variant of proper time regularization is used to render these integrals well behaved (although no divergences occur when the regularization is turned off at the end of the calculation). Since the original Lagrangian is unaltered in this approach, no symmetries of the classical theory are explicitly broken and $ε_{μλν}$ is handled unambiguously since the system is three dimensional at all stages of the calculation. The results are shown to be consistent with the so-called Nielsen identities which predict the explicit gauge parameter dependence using an extension of BRS symmetry. We demonstrate that this $α$ dependence may potentially contribute to the vacuum expectation values of products of Wilson loops.
description: 17 pp (including 3 figures). Uses REVTeX 3.0 and epsfig.sty (available from LANL). Latex thrice
Advancing Clinical Decision Support (CDS) and Electronic Clinical Quality Measurement (eCQM)
Creators: name: Kukhareva, Polina
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2019
Subjects: Information technology
Health care management

description: Clinical decision support (CDS) and electronic clinical quality measurement (eCQM) are 2 important computerized strategies aimed at improving the quality of healthcare. Unfortunately, computer-facilitated quality improvement faces many barriers. One problem area is the lack of integration of CDS and eCQM, which leads to duplicative efforts, inefficiencies, misalignment of CDS and eCQM implementations, and lack of appropriate automated feedback on clinicians' performance. Another obstacle in the acceptance of electronic interventions can be the inadequate accuracy of electronic phenotyping, which leads to alert fatigue and clinicians' mistrust of eCQM results. To address these 2 problems, the research pursued 3 primary aims: Aim 1. Explore beliefs and perceptions regarding the integration of CDS and eCQM functionality and activities within a healthcare organization. Aim 2. Evaluate and demonstrate feasibility of implementing quality measures using a CDS infrastructure. Aim 3. Assess and improve strategies for human validation of electronic phenotype evaluation results. To address Aim 1, a qualitative study based on interviews with domain experts was performed. Through semistructured in-depth and critical incident interviews, stakeholders' insights about CDS and eCQM integration were obtained. The experts identified multiple barriers to the integration of CDS and eCQM and offered advice for addressing those barriers, which the research team synthesized into 10 recommendations. To address Aim 2, the feasibility of using a standards-based CDS framework aligned with anticipated electronic health record (EHR) certification criteria to implement electronic quality measurement (QM) was evaluated. The CDS-QM framework was used to automate a complex national quality measure at an academic healthcare system which had previously relied on time-consuming manual chart abstractions. To address Aim 3, a randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate whether electronic phenotyping results should be used to support manual chart review during single-reviewer electronic phenotyping validation. The accuracy, duration, and cost of manual chart review were evaluated with and without the availability of electronic phenotyping results, including relevant patient-specific details. Providing electronic phenotyping results was associated with improved overall accuracy of manual chart review and decreased review duration per test case. Overall, the findings informed new strategies for enhancing efficiency and accuracy of computer-facilitated quality improvement.
Additional file 4 of SETD8, a frequently mutated gene in cervical cancer, enhances cisplatin sensitivity by impairing DNA repair
Creators: name: Wang, Xin
name: Cao, Chen
name: Tan, Xiangyu
name: Liao, Xueyao
name: Du, Xiaofang
name: Wang, Xueqian
name: Liu, Ting
name: Gong, Danni
name: Hu, Zheng
name: Tian, Xun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional File 4: Figure S4. UNC0379 increased apoptosis inducted by cisplatin and impaired NHEJ repair efficiency in vivo and in vitro.
In the preparation and administration of intravenous medicines, what are the best practice standards that healthcare professionals need to follow to ensure patient safety?
Creators: name: O'Connor, Laura
name: Carr, Peter
name: Gethin, Georgina
name: Ivory, John
name: O'Hara, Paul
name: O'Toole, Orla
name: Healy, Patricia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: Abstract Introduction Intravenous therapy and medicines (IVTM) are the most common invasive interventions in use in healthcare. Prescribed IVTM play an essential role in the treatment of illness, management of chronic conditions and in maintaining health and wellbeing. The intravenous (IV) route is the administration of concentrated medications (diluted or undiluted) directly into peripherally or centrally inserted vascular access devices. Medication safety is a key priority and best practice standards are required to guide the safe preparation and administration of IVTM. Methods We will conduct a systematic review of the literature pertaining to the preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines. Our search will include studies concerned with the preparation and/or administration of IVTM via peripheral or central vascular access devices. We will be guided by the preferred reporting items for systematic review and meta-analysis (PRISMA) in this review. Literature will include all trial designs, national/international guidelines, and expert consensus opinion made available in English from 2009 to present day. Conclusion We will synthesise the evidence concerning safe and effective preparation and administration of intravenous therapy and medicines to inform the development of a national guideline for healthcare professionals in Ireland. The availability of up-to-date, contemporaneous evidence-based practice standards will ensure quality and safety for service-users.
The Remnants of Intergalactic Supernovae
Creators: name: Maoz, Dan
name: Waxman, Eli
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Intergalactic type-Ia supernovae (SNe-Ia) have been discovered recently in rich galaxy clusters, likely the descendants of an intergalactic stellar population found in recent years through a variety of tracers. We estimate the observational signatures of the associated SN remnants (SNRs) in the unusual intracluster medium (ICM) environment. If SNe-Ia still have a circumstellar medium (CSM) at the time of explosion, then their remnants are visible in the optical for ~100-1000 years, with properties similar to young galactic SNRs. In contrast with galactic SNRs, in which the ejecta from the explosion interacts with the ISM, intracluster SNRs become undetectable in the optical once their ejecta passes beyond the CSM and enters the hot and tenuous ICM. If SNe-Ia have a CSM, there should be ~150 young SNRs in the Virgo cluster, with L(H-alpha)~10^{35} erg/s and angular size ~0.1''. We investigate the possibility that members of this SNR population may have recently been detected, but incorrectly identified as intergalactic HII regions. Alternatively, if optical intergalactic SNRs do not exist in Virgo, this will be evidence that SNe-Ia are devoid of a CSM, with implications for progenitor scenarios. Regardless of the presence of a CSM, about 10 older radio SNRs per square degree should be detectable in Virgo, with fluxes of ~0.1 mJy at 1 GHz. Their angular sizes, morphologies, and lack of optical association with distant galaxies can distinguish them from the much more numerous background population. Their detection would provide a measurement of the intracluster SN rate. Observations toward the site of SN1980I, a possibly intergalactic Virgo SN-Ia, can test the existence of a CSM by comparison to our early-time predictions for intergalactic SNR development.
description: ApJ, in press, 8 pages
Gluon Amplitudes as 2d Conformal Correlators
Creators: name: Pasterski, Sabrina
name: Shao, Shu-Heng
name: Strominger, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, spin-one wavefunctions in four dimensions that are conformal primaries of the Lorentz group SL(2,C) were constructed. We compute low-point, tree-level gluon scattering amplitudes in the space of these conformal primary wavefunctions. The answers have the same conformal covariance as correlators of spin-one primaries in a 2d CFT. The BCFW recursion relation between three- and four-point gluon amplitudes is recast into this conformal basis.
description: 27 pages
Supplementary Figure 1 from Transcriptional analyses provide new insight into the late-stage immune response of a diseased Caribbean coral
Creators: name: Fuess, Lauren E.
name: Mann, Whitney T.
name: Jinks, Lea R.
name: Brinkhuis, Vanessa
name: Mydlarz, Laura D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Results of principle component analysis of patterns of differential expression in all six samples conducted in the R package CummeRbund.
Chiral Lagrangians, Anomalies, Supersymmetry, and Holomorphy
Creators: name: Losev, Andrei
name: Moore, Gregory
name: Nekrasov, Nikita
name: Shatashvili, Samson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate higher-dimensional analogues of the $bc$ systems of 2D RCFT. When coupled to gauge fields and Beltrami differentials defining integrable holomorphic structures the $bc$ partition functions can be explicitly evaluated using anomalies and holomorphy. The resulting induced actions generalize the chiral algebras of 2D RCFT to $2n$ dimensions. Moreover, $bc$ systems in four and six dimensions are closely related to supersymmetric matter. In particular, we show that $d=4, \mathcal{N}=2$ hypermultiplets induce a theory of self-dual Yang-Mills fields coupled to self-dual gravity. In this way the $bc$ systems fermionize both the algebraic sector of the $WZW_4$ theory, as defined by Losev et. al., and the classical open $\mathcal{N}_{ws}=2$ string.
description: 31 pp., Harvmac (b) mode
Dynamic Contexts for Generating Suggestion Questions in RAG Based Conversational Systems
Creators: name: Tayal, Anuja
name: Tyagi, Aman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: When interacting with Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG)-based conversational agents, the users must carefully craft their queries to be understood correctly. Yet, understanding the system's capabilities can be challenging for the users, leading to ambiguous questions that necessitate further clarification. This work aims to bridge the gap by developing a suggestion question generator. To generate suggestion questions, our approach involves utilizing dynamic context, which includes both dynamic few-shot examples and dynamically retrieved contexts. Through experiments, we show that the dynamic contexts approach can generate better suggestion questions as compared to other prompting approaches.
description: 4 pages , 1 figure, accepted at WWW'24 workshop PromptEng