cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Moderate deviations for diffusion in time dependent random media
Creators: name: Barraquand, Guillaume
name: Doussal, Pierre Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The position $x(t)$ of a particle diffusing in a one-dimensional uncorrelated and time dependent random medium is simply Gaussian distributed in the typical direction, i.e. along the ray $x=v_0 t$, where $v_0$ is the average drift. However, it has been found that it exhibits at large time sample to sample fluctuations characteristic of the KPZ universality class when observed in an atypical direction, i.e. along the ray $x = v t$ with $v \neq v_0$. Here we show, from exact solutions, that in the moderate deviation regime $x - v_0 t \propto t^{3/4}$ these fluctuations are precisely described by the finite time KPZ equation, which thus describes the crossover between the Gaussian typical regime and the KPZ fixed point regime for the large deviations. This confirms heuristic arguments given in [2]. These exact results include the discrete model known as the Beta RWRE, and a continuum diffusion. They predict the behavior of the maximum of a large number of independent walkers, which should be easier to observe (e.g. in experiments) in this moderate deviations regime.
description: 18 pages
MOESM4 of Wild-type Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase is misfolded in cerebrospinal fluid of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creators: name: Tokuda, Eiichi
name: Yo-Ichi Takei
name: Ohara, Shinji
name: Fujiwara, Noriko
name: Hozumi, Isao
name: Furukawa, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Selectivity of C4F6 antibody toward mutant/misfolded SOD1. Sandwich ELISA was performed as described in the text (see Methods). Briefly, C4F6 (1:500 dilution) antibody was first adsorbed on wells of an ELISA plate, and recombinant apo-SOD1 variants (WT, A4V, G37R, G85R, and G93A) with the disulfide bond (0.1 μg) was then applied to the well. Pan-SOD1 (1:500 dilution) and anti-sheep secondary antibody (1:500 dilution) were used as detection and secondary antibodies, respectively. Three independent experiments were performed to estimate error bars (standard deviation).
Symplectic Resolutions for Coverings of Nilpotent Orbits
Creators: name: Fu, Baohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $\0$ be a nilpotent orbit in a semisimple complex Lie algebra $\g$. Denote by $G$ the simply connected Lie group with Lie algebra $\g$. For a $G$-homogeneous covering $M \to \0$, let $X$ be the normalization of $\bar{\0}$ in the function field of $M$. In this note, we study the existence of symplectic resolutions for such coverings $X$.
Gravitational wave signatures of ultralight vector bosons from black hole superradiance
Creators: name: Siemonsen, Nils
name: East, William E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of an ultralight bosonic field, spinning black holes are unstable to superradiance. The rotational energy of the black hole is converted into a non-axisymmetric, oscillating boson cloud which dissipates through the emission of nearly monochromatic gravitational radiation. Thus, gravitational wave observations by ground- or space-based detectors can be used to probe the existence of dark particles weakly coupled to the Standard Model. In this work, we focus on massive vector bosons, which grow much faster through superradiance, and produce significantly stronger gravitational waves compared to the scalar case. We use techniques from black hole perturbation theory to compute the relativistically-correct gravitational wave signal across the parameter space of different boson masses and black hole masses and spins. This fills in a gap in the literature between flatspace approximations, which underestimate the gravitational wave amplitude in the non-relativistic limit, and overestimate it in the relativistic regime, and time-domain calculations, which have only covered a limited part of the parameter space. We also identify parameter ranges where overtone superradiantly unstable modes will grow faster than the lower frequency fundamental modes. Such cases will produce a distinct gravitational wave signal due to the beating of the simultaneously populated modes, which we compute.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures; updated to match PRD version
Loaded DICE: Refining the Meta-analysis Approach to Calibrating Climate Damage Functions
Creators: name: Howard, Peter
name: Sterner, Thomas
name: Howard, Peter
name: Sterner, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: integrated assessment model
subject: DICE
subject: climate change
subject: meta-analysis
subject: climate damage function

description: Climate change is one of the preeminent policy issues of our day, and the social cost of carbon (SCC) is one of the foremost tools for determining the socially optimal policy response. The SCC is estimated using Integrated Assessment Models (IAMs), of which Nordhaus’ DICE is the oldest and one of the best respected. These numerical models capture the various steps in the climate and economic processes that translate a marginal unit of CO2 emissions into economic damage. While accuracy at each of these steps is necessary to precisely estimate the SCC, correct calibrating the climate damage function, which translates a temperature change into a percentage change in GDP, is critical. Calibration of the damage function determines which climate damages are included and excluded from the cost of carbon. Traditionally, Nordhaus calibrated the DICE damage function using a global damage estimate calculated by aggregating a series of region-sector specific damage estimates (Nordhaus and Boyer, 2000; Nordhaus, 2008). However, in DICE-2013, Nordhaus moved to calibrating the DICE damage function using a meta-analysis at the global scale (Nordhaus and Sztorc, 2013). This paper critiques this meta-analysis approach as it is currently applied and re-estimates the DICE-2013 damage function using up-to-date meta-analysis techniques to more accurately reflect climate damages and the uncertainty underlying them. This paper finds that DICE-2013 damage function significantly under-estimates climate damages by a factor of two to three.
description: This is a working paper.
Modulation of Notch in an Animal Model of Multiple Sclerosis
Creators: name: Munshi, Manit Nikhil
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2017

description: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune disease that affects millions of people worldwide. Although the exact cause of MS is unknown, it is clear that CD4+ T helper cells play a significant role, namely T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 17 (Th17) cells. The Notch family of proteins plays a role in the development and differentiation of T helper cells. Previous data has shown that inhibition of Notch impairs the ability of T helper cell differentiation. Additionally specific inhibition of certain Notch members inhibits specific T helper cell differentiation, for example the inhibition of Notch 1 inhibits Th1 and iTreg polarization [Samon et al., 2008]. However, the effects of the other Notch family members on CD4+ T cells are not fully studied. We propose that Notch 3 plays an extensive role in the regulation of Th1, Th2, Th17, and iTreg polarizations. In addition, we propose that Notch 3 regulates function of T helper cell function in the mouse model of MS, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Data in this thesis show that Notch 3 plays a significant role in the polarization of Th1, Th17 and iTreg polarization [Karlsson et al., 2011]. We present evidence that the heterozygous and homozygous Notch 3 knockout exhibits a significant decrease in polarization toward Th1, Th17 and iTreg cell fates.
Exopolysaccharide (EPS) is a compound that has been previously shown to play a protective role in other inflammatory diseases. EPS has been shown to produce anti-inflammatory macrophages. We propose that a similar anti-inflammatory effect might be possible in EAE. We found that EPS had a significant effect on EAE induction, decreasing the onset and peak disease score. EPS also reduced the concentration of IFN-γ, IL17A, and GM-CSF in the supernatants of the splenocytes after restimulation with MOG. Further experimental data is needed to prove the effects of EPS on EAE and the method by which EPS function. These data indicate that Notch 3 could be crucial in regards to EAE due to the effects on Th1 and Th17 which are instrumental in EAE induction [Raphael et al., 2015].
Maximal von Neumann subalgebras arising from maximal subgroups
Creators: name: Jiang, Yongle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L10, 20B22

description: Ge asked the question whether $LF_{\infty}$ can be embedded into $LF_2$ as a maximal subfactor. We answer it affirmatively by three different approaches, all containing the same key ingredient: the existence of maximal subgroups with infinite index. We also show that point stabilizer subgroups for every faithful, 4-transitive action on an infinite set give rise to maximal von Neumann subalgebras. Combining this with known results on constructing faithful, highly transitive actions, we get many maximal von Neumann subalgebras arising from maximal subgroups with infinite index.
description: SCIENCE CHINA mathematics, accepted
The Impacts of Energy Prices on Global Agricultural Commodity Supply
Creators: name: Nigatu, Getachew
name: Hjort, Kim
name: Hansen, James
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Nigatu, Getachew
name: Hjort, Kim
name: Hansen, James
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: energy price
subject: cost of production

description: This study assesses the role of energy prices in determining cross-commodity and cross- country projections of production costs, area harvested and production of four major commodities and ethanol and biofuels production. The analysis is conducted using a dynamic global partial equilibrium model of agricultural trade. By simulating changes in energy prices that might result as a consequence of changes in energy policy, we capture the link between the energy market and the agriculture-biofuels sector and present resulting changes in production in major production regions for corn, soybeans, wheat, and rice. Input costs will increase with higher energy prices, but decline slightly with lower energy prices. The projection indicates that higher energy prices will have significant impact on increasing ethanol production in Brazil while decreasing wheat production in the EU. Production in the US and India is relatively unaffected by change in energy prices.
Yet Another Extension of the Standard Model: Oases in the Desert?
Creators: name: Bjorken, J. D.
name: Pakvasa, S.
name: Tuan, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have searched for conceptually simple extensions of the standard model, and describe here a candidate model which we find attractive. Our starting point is the assumption that off-diagonal CKM mixing matrix elements are directly related by lowest order perturbation theory to the quark mass matrices. This appears to be most easily and naturally implemented by assuming that all off-diagonal elements reside in the down-quark mass matrix. This assumption is in turn naturally realized by introducing three generations of heavy, electroweak-singlet down quarks which couple to the Higgs sector diagonally in flavor, while mass-mixing off-diagonally with the light down-quarks. Anomaly cancellation then naturally leads to inclusion of electroweak vector-doublet leptons. It is then only a short step to completing the extension to three generations of fundamental representations of E(6). Assuming only that the third generation B couples to the Higgs sector at least as strongly as does the top quark, the mass of the B is roughly estimated to lie between 1.7 TeV and 10 TeV, with lower-generation quarks no heavier. The corresponding guess for the new leptons is a factor two lower. Within the validity of the model, flavor and CP violation are ``infrared'' in nature, induced by semi-soft mass mixing terms, not Yukawa couplings. If the Higgs couplings of the new quarks are flavor symmetric, then there necessarily must be at least one ``oasis'' in the desert, induced by new radiative corrections to the top quark and Higgs coupling constants, and roughly at 1000 TeV.
description: LaTex, 40 pages
Supplementary material from "Naivety dies with the calf"
Creators: name: Graf, Lukas
name: Thurfjell, Henrik
name: Ericsson, Göran
name: Neumann, Wiebke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 50211 Wildlife and Habitat Management
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Code for the manuscript: "Naivety dies with the calf"
Luciola (Luciola) antica
Creators: name: Ballantyne, Lesley A.
name: Lambkin, Christine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Lampyridae
Luciola
Luciola antica

description: Luciola (Luciola) antica (Boisduval, 1835)
 Lampyris antica Boisduval, 1835:128.
 Luciola antica (Boisduval). Olivier, 1902: 99.
 Luciola (Luciola) antica (Boisduval). McDermott, 1966:99.
 Type. " South Seas " location of type unknown.
 Remarks. Boisduval described a specimen, which he did not sex, with a yellow pronotum having an anterior dark spot, the underside 'lutea' and the abdomen black ringed.
description: Published as part of Ballantyne, Lesley A. & Lambkin, Christine, 2009, Systematics of Indo-Pacific fireflies with a redefinition of Australasian Atyphella Olliff, Madagascan Photuroluciola Pic, and description of seven new genera from the Luciolinae (Coleoptera: Lampyridae), pp. 1-188 in Zootaxa 1997 on page 106
Japanese Pronoun Adventure: a Japanese Language Learner's Exploration of His Japanese Gender Pronoun
Creators: name: Nakano, Takumi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: In Japanese, there are various kinds of first-person pronouns, and some of them express the referent’s gender identity. Gender-neutral pronouns are made in English- speaking world day by day, but there is not any common first-person pronoun which indicates the gender identity that positions the referent’s gender somewhere between masculine and feminine. The present paper conducted a life story research on the “Japanese life” of an advanced learner of Japanese at a university in the United States who has been exploring his gender identity by coining and using a new Japanese first- person pronoun 㛪 ore, which indicates “in the middle between masculine and feminine.” This new Japanese gender pronoun has enabled the research participant to express his gender identity as he desires to be, and brought the gender non-binary view to the Japanese-speaking world. His invention and usage of the new pronoun has been achieved between two languages, Japanese and Chinese, with the help of his friends. The study also shows the influence of the ideology of gender binary view in the society, which made a gap between his preferred gender expression and actual expression that occurs when he speaks Japanese. Finally, the present study suggests teachers and educational institutions of Japanese to provide students with environments where they can try out different identities and expressions before asking them what kind of language user they aspire to be.
CSCCE Community Profile: The Arctic Data Center
Creators: name: Woodley, Lou
name: Pratt, Katie
name: Kobilka, Sara
name: McLean, Erin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: CSCCE Community Profile
CSCCE
Describing STEM communities
Arctic Data Center

description: CSCCE Community Profiles provide a snapshot of scientific communities. The data for these profiles were collected by surveying scientific community managers as part of a research project conducted by CSCCE staff in collaboration with a CSCCE Working Group. This profile showcases the Arctic Data Center. If you would like to create a profile for your scientific community or organization, please contact us: info@cscce.org.
Additional file 1 of Life-course social disparities in body mass index trajectories across adulthood: cohort study evidence from China health and nutrition survey
Creators: name: Dang, Yusong
name: Duan, Xinyu
name: Rong, Peixi
name: Yan, Mingxin
name: Zhao, Yaling
name: Mi, Baibing
name: Zhou, Jing
name: Chen, Yulong
name: Wang, Duolao
name: Pei, Leilei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Influence of the Vacuum Polarization Effect on the Motion of Charged Particles in the Magnetic Field around a Schwarzschild Black Hole
Creators: name: Pavlović, Petar
name: Saveliev, Andrey
name: Sossich, Marko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consequences of the vacuum polarization effect in magnetic fields around a Schwarzschild Black Hole on the motion of charged particles are investigated in this work. Using the weak electromagnetic field approximation, we discuss the non-minimal coupling between magnetic fields and gravity caused by the vacuum polarization and study the equations of motion for the case of a magnetic field configuration which asymptotically approaches a dipole magnetic field. It is shown that the presence of non-minimal coupling can significantly influence the motion of charged particles around Black Holes. In particular, the vacuum polarization effect, leading to strong amplification or suppression of the magnetic field strength around the event horizon (depending on the sign of the coupling parameter), can affect the scattering angle and minimal distance for the electrons moving in the gravitational field of the Black Hole as well as the dependence of these parameters on the asymptotic magnetic field strength, initial distance and the Black Hole mass. It is further demonstrated that the non-minimal coupling between gravity and astrophysical magnetic fields, caused by the vacuum polarization, can cause significant changes of the parameter space corresponding to bound trajectories around the Black Hole. In certain cases, the bounded or unbounded character of a trajectory is determined solely by the presence of non-minimal coupling and its strength. These effects could in principle be used as observational signatures of the vacuum polarization effect and also to constrain the value of the coupling parameter.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures; minor changes to match published version
Saturation and Vector Mesons
Creators: name: Munier, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through an analysis of diffractive vector meson production, we show that the proton appears quite dense to a small size probe at present HERA energies. This means that saturation effects are already important.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Talk presented at the 10th International Workshop on Deep Inelastic Scattering, Cracow, 30 April-4 May 2002. To be published in Acta Physica Polonica B
MOESM3 of Wild-type Cu/Zn-superoxide dismutase is misfolded in cerebrospinal fluid of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Creators: name: Tokuda, Eiichi
name: Yo-Ichi Takei
name: Ohara, Shinji
name: Fujiwara, Noriko
name: Hozumi, Isao
name: Furukawa, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Standard curves for sandwich ELISA using misfolded SOD1-specific antibodies. Indicated amounts of recombinant SOD1 proteins (100 μL of a reaction solution) were analyzed by sandwich ELISA using a capture antibody (A, C4F6; B, UβB; C, EDI; D, apoSOD; E, 24–39; F, FL-154). While detailed experimental methods for sandwich ELISA were described in the Methods, positive standards for ELISA were used as follows; G37R-mutant apo-SOD1S-S for C4F6, A4V-mutant apo-SOD1S-S for UβB/EDI, G85R-mutant apo-SOD1S-S for apoSOD, wild-type apo-SOD1S-S for 24–39, and wild-type holo-SOD1S-S for FL-154. Absorbance values at 490 nm in sandwich ELISA were plotted against amounts of SOD1 applied on a well, which is represented as a logarithmic scale. Data (0.01 ng – 10 ng of SOD1 proteins) were fitted to an exponential function, which was shown with an R-squared in each panel. Absorbance values at 490 nm for the preparation of the standard curves (0.01 ng – 100 ng of recombinant SOD1 proteins) were available in Additional file 9.
Intent Recognition Of Rotation Versus Translation Movements In Human-Robot Collaborative Manipulation Tasks
Creators: name: Nguyen, Vinh Q
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The goal of this thesis is to enable a robot to actively collaborate with a person to move an object in an efficient, smooth and robust manner. For a robot to actively assist a person it is key that the robot recognizes the actions or phases of a collaborative tasks. This requires the robot to have the ability to estimate a person’s movement intent. A hurdle in collaboratively moving an object is determining whether the partner is trying to rotate or translate the object (the rotation versus translation problem). In this thesis, Hidden Markov Models (HMM) are used to recognize human intent of rotation or translation in real-time. Based on this recognition, an appropriate impedance control mode is selected to assist the person. The approach is tested on a seven degree-of-freedom industrial robot, KUKA LBR iiwa 14 R820, working with a human partner during manipulation tasks. Results show the HMMs can estimate human intent with accuracy of 87.5% by using only haptic data recorded from the robot. Integrated with impedance control, the robot is able to collaborate smoothly and efficiently with a person during the manipulation tasks. The HMMs are compared with a switching function based approach that uses interaction force magnitudes to recognize rotation versus translation. The results show that HMMs can predict correctly when fast rotation or slow translation is desired, whereas the switching function based on force magnitudes performs poorly.
Generic Information Tracker : Digital ID with Electronic Surveillance System
Creators: name: Garg, Rishabh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Multipurpose ID, Digital ID, Techno-Smart ID, India Vision 2020, Digital India, Electronic Surveillance System, GPS, Biometrics

description: In any developing country, one needs to have an infinite number of documents, at each level; some of which call for periodical renewal. To fetch those documents either one stands in long queues or goes online. Here again, every e-site generates and asks for a new ID and password. This is how, instead of making things simple, these documents and online processes make life more confounded and miserable. The government officials are bogged down with applications for Aadhar, Licenses, Samagra-ID, Ration Card, EPIC, Passport, Bank Pass Books, ATMs, Vehicle Registration, Registries, Reports, Certificates and so on. Over and above, verification of these documents, at each level, is another deadly exercise.

 Till date, not a single system, device or App has been invented, in any part of the world, to save humanity from the drudgery of stacking documents, followed by their photocopies, attestations, and verifications - a never-ending process. The present innovation has been conceived and designed to void this gap.
description: Commended by Mr Narendra Modi, Prime Minister of India on September 26, 2016 at Vigyan Bhawan, New Delhi IN. Patent pending
description: {"references": ["Dainik Bhaskar 2016/12/10", "Times of India 2016/12/07"]}
Search for Direct CP Violation in B -> K pi Decays
Creators: name: Abe, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for direct CP violation in flavor specific B -> K pi decays by measuring the rate asymmetry between charge conjugate modes. The search is performed on a data sample of 11.1 million B B bar events recorded on the Upsilon(4S) resonance by the Belle experiment at KEKB. We measure 90% confidence intervals in the partial rate asymmetry A_CP of -0.25 < A_CP(K-/+ pi+/-) < 0.37, -0.40 < A_CP(K-/+ pi^0) < 0.36, and -0.53 < A_CP(K^0 pi-/+) < 0.82. By combining the K-/+ pi+/- and K-/+ pi^0 final states, we conclude that -0.22 < A_CP[K-/+(pi+/- + pi^0)] < 0.25 at the 90% confidence level.
description: Submitted to PRD Rapid Communications
Evidence for H$_{2}$ Dissociation and Recombination Heat Transport in the Atmosphere of KELT-9b
Creators: name: Mansfield, Megan
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Stevenson, Kevin B.
name: Komacek, Thaddeus D.
name: Bell, Taylor J.
name: Tan, Xianyu
name: Malik, Matej
name: Beatty, Thomas G.
name: Wong, Ian
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Dang, Lisa
name: Désert, Jean-Michel
name: Fortney, Jonathan J.
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Keating, Dylan
name: Kempton, Eliza M. -R.
name: Kreidberg, Laura
name: Line, Michael R.
name: Parmentier, Vivien
name: Stassun, Keivan G.
name: Swain, Mark R.
name: Zellem, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase curve observations provide an opportunity to study the full energy budgets of exoplanets by quantifying the amount of heat redistributed from their daysides to their nightsides. Theories explaining the properties of phase curves for hot Jupiters have focused on the balance between radiation and dynamics as the primary parameter controlling heat redistribution. However, recent phase curves have shown deviations from the trends that emerge from this theory, which has led to work on additional processes that may affect hot Jupiter energy budgets. One such process, molecular hydrogen dissociation and recombination, can enhance energy redistribution on ultra-hot Jupiters with temperatures above $\sim2000$ K. In order to study the impact of H$_{2}$ dissociation on ultra-hot Jupiters, we present a phase curve of KELT-9b observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope at 4.5 $μ$m. KELT-9b is the hottest known transiting planet, with a 4.5-$μ$m dayside brightness temperature of $4566^{+140}_{-136}$ K and a nightside temperature of $2556^{+101}_{-97}$ K. We observe a phase curve amplitude of $0.609 \pm 0.020$ and a hot spot offset of $18.7^{+2.1}_{-2.3}$ degrees. The observed amplitude is too small to be explained by a simple balance between radiation and advection. General circulation models (GCMs) and an energy balance model that include the effects of H$_{2}$ dissociation and recombination provide a better match to the data. The GCMs, however, predict a maximum hot spot offset of $5$ degrees, which disagrees with our observations at $>5σ$ confidence. This discrepancy may be due to magnetic effects in the planet's highly ionized atmosphere.
Design and Evaluation of an L-Band Current-Mode Class-D Power Amplifier Integrated Circuit
Creators: name: Shusta, Michael J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014

description: Power amplifiers (PAs) convert energy from DC to high frequencies in all radio and microwave transmitter systems be they wireless base stations, handsets, radars, heaters, and so on. PAs are the dominant consumers of energy in these systems and, therefore, the dominant sources of system cost and inefficiency. Research has focused on efficient solid-state PA circuit topologies and their optimization since the 1960s. The 2000s saw the current-mode class-D (CMCD) topology, potentially suitable for today's wireless communications systems, show promise in the UHF frequency band. This thesis describes the design and testing of a high-efficiency CMCD amplifier with an integrated driver stage. In addition, analysis of a merged PA-mixer circuit based on the CMCD is provided.
X-ray Signatures of Black Hole Feedback: Hot Galactic Atmospheres in IllustrisTNG and X-ray Observations
Creators: name: Truong, Nhut
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Werner, Norbert
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Lakhchaura, Kiran
name: Weinberger, Rainer
name: Springel, Volker
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot gaseous atmospheres that permeate galaxies and extend far beyond their stellar distribution, where they are commonly referred to as the circumgalactic medium (CGM), imprint important information about feedback processes powered by the stellar populations of galaxies and their central supermassive black holes (SMBH). In this work we study the properties of this hot X-ray emitting medium using the IllustrisTNG cosmological simulations. We analyse their mock X-ray spectra, obtained from the diffuse and metal-enriched gas in TNG100 and TNG50, and compare the results with X-ray observations of nearby early-type galaxies. The simulations reproduce the observed X-ray luminosities ($L_{\rm X}$) and temperature ($T_{\rm X})$ at small ($
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables, replaced to match accepted version
Time evolution of the fine structure constant
Creators: name: Murphy, M. T.
name: Webb, J. K.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
name: Curran, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a short review of the current quasar (QSO) absorption line constraints on possible variation of the fine structure constant, alpha = e^2/(hbar*c). Particular attention is paid to recent optical Keck/HIRES spectra of 49 absorption systems which indicate a smaller alpha in the past (Murphy et al. 2001, Webb et al. 2001). Here we present new preliminary results from 128 absorption systems: da/a = (-0.57 +/- 0.10) x 10^{-5} over the redshift range 0.2 < z < 3.7, in agreement with the previous results. Known potential systematic errors cannot explain these results. We compare them with strong `local' constraints and discuss other (radio and millimetre-wave) QSO absorption line constraints on variations in alpha^2 * g_p and alpha^2 * g_p * m_e/m_p (g_p is the proton g-factor and m_e/m_p is the electron/proton mass ratio). Finally, we discuss future efforts to rule out or confirm the current 5.7 sigma optical detection.
description: Invited review at the XXII Physics in Collision Conference (PIC02), Stanford, CA, USA, June 2002, 11 pages, LaTeX, 7 eps figures. PSN FRA T02
MOESM4 of Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 of Plasmodium falciparum in the China–Myanmar border region
Creators: name: Cang-Lin Zhang
name: Zhou, Hong-Ning
name: Liu, Quan
name: Yang, Ya-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S3. Alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of 3D7 allelic types in msp2 of all isolates from China–Myanmar border region. The shaded areas indicate the central variable region that compared with the isolate Tak9 (GenBank accession number X53832). Identical residues are indicated by dots. Dashes represent spaces inserted to maximize alignment. Each repeat unit is underlined. The total number of each allele is shown in the last sequences. The 3D7 family consisted of 12 different amino acids repeats, including GASGSA, GGSGSA, GAVASAGS, GAGAGASGSA, GAGAVAGS, GAGASGSA, GAGAGAVAGS, GASGSASGSA, GAVASAGSRD, GAGASGSAGSGD, GAGAGAGASGSA, and GAGAGAGAVAGS, and the 17 single amino acids comprising of GGSA, GAVAGS, GAGGSGSA, GAGASAGN, GAVASARN, GASGSAGA/S, GASGSAGSGS, GAGAVASAGN, GAGAGASGNA, GAGAGAVASAGN, GAGAGASGSAGSGD, GAGAGASGSAGSRD, GAGAGAGAGAVAGS, GSGAGNGAGNGAGN, GAGAGAGAGAGAVAGS, GAGAGAGASGSAGSGD, and GGSGSAGSGDGNGANP.
A Soft Multiple-Degree of Freedom Load Cell Based on The Hall Effect
Creators: name: Nie, Qiandong
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: The goal of this thesis is to develop a soft multiple-degree-of-freedom (multi-DOF) load cell that is robust and light weight for use in robotics applications to sense three axes of force and a single axis of torque. The displacement of the magnet within the elastomer changes the magnetic flux density which is sensed by two 3-axis Hall effect sensors. Experimental measurements of magnetic flux density within the area of interest were used to formulate analytic expressions that relate magnet field strength to the position of the magnet. The displacement and orientation measurement and the material properties of the elastomer are used to calibrate and calculate the applied load. The ability to measure 3-DOF force and axial torque was evaluated with combined loading applied by a robotic arm (KUKA, LBR r820 iiwa). The decoupled results show the 4-DOF load cell was able to distinguish 3-axis force and 1-axis torque with 6.9% averaged error for normal force, 4.3% and 2.6% for shear force in the X and Y axis and 8.6% for the torque. The results show good accuracy for a soft multi-axis sensor that would be applicable in many robotic applications where high accuracy is not required.
Additional file 1: of A case-control study of exposure to organophosphate flame retardants and risk of thyroid cancer in women
Creators: name: Deziel, Nicole
name: Yi, Huangdi
name: Stapleton, Heather
name: Huang, Huang
name: Zhao, Nan
name: Zhang, Yawei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1a. Spearman correlations among organophosphate flame retardants (specific gravity-corrected) (n = 200). Table S1b. Spearman correlations among organophosphate flame retardants (not specific gravity-corrected) (n = 200). (DOCX 17 kb)
The large-N(c) nuclear potential puzzle
Creators: name: Belitsky, A. V.
name: Cohen, T. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis of the baryon-baryon potential from the point of view of large-N(c) QCD is performed. A comparison is made between the N(c)-scaling behavior directly obtained from an analysis at the quark-gluon level to the N(c)-scaling of the potential for a generic hadronic field theory in which it arises via meson exchanges and for which the parameters of the theory are given by their canonical large-N(c) scaling behavior. The purpose of this comparison is to use large-N(c) consistency to test the widespread view that the interaction between nuclei arises from QCD through the exchange of mesons. Although at the one- and two-meson exchange level the scaling rules for the potential derived from the hadronic theory matches the quark-gluon level prediction, at the three- and higher-meson exchange level a generic hadronic theory yields a potential which scales with N(c) faster than that of the quark-gluon theory.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures
MOESM3 of Genetic polymorphism of merozoite surface proteins 1 and 2 of Plasmodium falciparum in the China–Myanmar border region
Creators: name: Cang-Lin Zhang
name: Zhou, Hong-Ning
name: Liu, Quan
name: Yang, Ya-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Alignment of the predicted amino acid sequences of MAD20 allelic types in msp1 of all isolates from China–Myanmar border region. The shaded areas indicate the central variable region that compared with the isolate Cam46I-1 (GenBank accession number HM153243). Identical residues are indicated by dots. Dashes represent spaces inserted to maximize alignment. Each repeat unit is underlined. The total number of each allele is shown in the last sequences.
Characterizing the Inhibition of Katanin Using Tubulin Carboxy-Terminal Tail Constructs
Creators: name: Reed, Corey E
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Understanding how the cellular cytoskeleton is maintained and regulated is important to elucidate the functions of many structures such as the mitotic spindle, cilia and flagella. Katanin p60, microtubule-severing enzymes from the ATPase associated with cellular activities (AAA+) family, has previously been shown in our lab to be inhibited by free tubulin as well as α- and β-tubulin carboxy-terminal tail (CTT) constructs. Here we investigate the inhibition ability of several different tubulin CTT sequences. We quantify the effect of the addition of these constructs on the severing and binding activity of katanin. We find that some constructs inhibit katanin better than others and two constructs that appear to enhance katanin activity. Our findings add nuance to our previous findings that consensus α-tubulin tails are less inhibitory of katanin than consensus β-tubulin [3]. Surprisingly, we find that a polyglutamate sequence activates katanin while it has previously been shown to inhibit spastin, a different microtubule-severing enzyme associated with the neuromuscular disease Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia [23]. These results highlight that different CTT sequences can control the activity of severing enzymes and ultimately affect the cytoskeletal network organization in a cell type and location-dependent manner.
Trypanosoma Brucei Mitochondrial DNA POLIB Cell Cycle Localization and Effect on POLIC when POLIB is Depleted
Creators: name: Rivera, Sylvia L
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2016

description: Trypanosoma brucei is the causative agent of Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT), also known as African sleeping sickness. T. brucei is unique in several ways that distinguish this organism from other eukaryotes. One of the unique features of T. brucei is the organism’s mitochondrial DNA, which is organized in a complex structure called kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). Since kDNA is unique to the kinetoplastids, kDNA may serve as a good drug target against T. brucei. Previews studies have shown that kDNA has 4 different family A mitochondrial DNA polymerases. Three of these mitochondrial DNA polymerases (POLIB, POLIC, and POLID) are essential components of kDNA synthesis and replication. POLID and POLIC dynamically localize throughout the cell cycle. POLID is found dispersed in the matrix before the kDNA has undergone replication and is re-localized at the antipodal sites when the kDNA is dividing. POLIC is found in the kinetoflagellar zone (KFZ) at low concentrations when the kDNA is not replicating and relocalizes to the antipodal sites when dividing. Based on the dynamic localization of these two DNA polymerases, we hypothesize that POLIB undergoes dynamic localization at some point during the cell cycle stage. Here, a POLIB/PTP single expressor cell line was analyzed by immunofluorescence microscopy in an unsynchronized population. We characterized the localization pattern of POLIB-PTP at different cell cycle stages and found different localization patterns throughout cell cycle. Cells at 1N1K (the majority of cell in an unsynchronized population) have single foci, but at 1N1Kdiv two different patterns are mainly observed, diffuse and segregated. When the kDNAs are separated POLIB-PTP is again seen as a distinct foci in each kDNA. By doing TdT labeling and a quantitative analysis, we found that at early stages of minicircles replication POLIB-PTP start relocalizing to the kDNA disk with a diffuse pattern being the main. By the time the minicircles are being reattached in the disk (late TdT), POLIB is seen in the disk as a bilobe shape.
Factors Affecting Community Development Projects Sustainability in Hargeisa, The Case of Study Taakulo Somali Community
Creators: name: Faaris, Sid Omar Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: project sustainability
subject: community engagement
subject: Beneficiaries
subject: Community Support
subject: Community
subject: Community development

description: ABSTRACT

This is a research paper entitled Factors Affecting Community Development Projects Sustainabilityin Hargeisa, case study Taakulo Somali Community Organization. The research realized that most of the projects, especially community development are not sustainable and have no use after implementation. This is why the study was undertaken by the researcher.

This study was directed and guided by objectives, but more importantly specific objectives: namely to determine the relationship between community engagement, local government involvement,all levels of management, and sustainability of community development projects.

The study population was Taakulo staff and Beneficiaries of Taakulo. The population size was 100 and the sample size was 80 using the Slovenes formula. The study employed the descriptive research design and the main instrument for the data collection was a questionnaire. This study employed bar charts and graphs for the profile of the respondents while mean and standard deviation wereused to determine the relationships between all the independent variables and the dependent variable.

This study intended to determine the relationship between community engagement and project sustainability in Taakulo projects. The research results indicated that there is a positive relationship with strong significance between community engagement and project sustainability in Taakulo projects.

The study also intended to determine the relationship between strategic management and project sustainability in Taakulo projects. The research results indicated that there is a low negative relationship between strategic management and project sustainability in Taakulo projects.

The study intended to determine the relationship between local government engagement and project sustainability in projects. The research results indicated that there is a positive relationship with significant between local government engagement and project sustainability in Taakulo.
Stationary and Oscillatory Spatial Patterns Induced by Global Periodic Switching
Creators: name: Buceta, J.
name: Lindenberg, Katja
name: Parrondo, J. M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new mechanism for pattern formation based on the global alternation of two dynamics neither of which exhibits patterns. When driven by either one of the separate dynamics, the system goes to a spatially homogeneous state associated with that dynamics. However, when the two dynamics are globally alternated sufficiently rapidly, the system exhibits stationary spatial patterns. Somewhat slower switching leads to oscillatory patterns. We support our findings by numerical simulations and discuss the results in terms of the symmetries of the system and the ratio of two relevant characteristic times, the switching period and the relaxation time to a homogeneous state in each separate dynamics.
description: REVTEX preprint: 12 pages including 1 (B&W) + 3 (COLOR) figures (to appear in Physical Review Letters)
Renormalization Group Equation of Quark-Lepton Mass Matrices in the SO(10) Model with Two Higgs Scalars
Creators: name: Fukuyama, Takeshi
name: Kikuchi, Tatsuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The renormalization group equations (RGEs) of the mass matrices of quarks and leptons in a SO(10) model with two Higgs scalars in the Yukawa coupling are studied. This model is the minimal model of SUSY and non-SUSY SO(10) GUT which can reproduce all the experimental data. Non-SUSY SO(10) GUT model has the intermediate energy phase, Pati-Salam phase, and passes through the symmetry breaking pattern, $SO(10) \to SU(2)_L \times SU(2)_R \times SU(4)_C \to SU(2)_L \times U(1)_Y \times SU(3)_C$. Though minimal, it has, after the Pati-Salam phase, four Higgs doublets in Yukawa interactions. We consider the RGE's of the Yukawa coupling constants of quarks and charged leptons and of the coupling constants of the dimension five operators of neutrinos corresponding to the above symmetry breaking pattern. The scalar quartic interactions are also incorporated.
description: 16 pages, 1 figure; A discussion of scalar self couplings contributions to the RGE of neutrino mass matrix and some references added, a figure replaced