cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effective Fluid approach for Modified Gravity and its applications
Creators: name: Nesseris, Savvas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this review we briefly summarize the so-called effective fluid approach, which is a compact framework that can be used to describe a plethora of different modified gravity models as general relativity (GR) and a dark energy (DE) fluid. This approach, which is complementary to the cosmological effective field theory, has several benefits as it allows for the easier inclusion of most modified gravity models into the state-of-the-art Boltzmann codes, that are typically hard-coded for GR and DE. Furthermore, it can also provide theoretical insights into their behavior, since in linear perturbation theory it is easy to derive physically motivated quantities such as the DE anisotropic stress or the DE sound speed. We also present some explicit applications of the effective fluid approach with $f(R)$, Horndeski and Scalar-Vector-Tensor models, namely how this approach can be used to easily solve the perturbation equations and incorporate the aforementioned modified gravity models into Boltzmann codes so as to obtain cosmological constraints using Monte Carlo analyses.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures. Invited review for the special issue on "Modified Gravity Approaches to the Tensions of LCDM", based on 1811.02469, 1904.06294 and 2206.02895. More typos fixed
title: EXPLORING LEARNING EXPERIENCES AND TEACHING THEORIES IN NURSING HIGHER EDUCATION IN HONG KONG
Creators: name: Tokeung, Chan
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: The quality of learning outcomes is positively related to the teaching and learning approaches implemented. However, Hong Kong nursing teachers seldom evaluate their teaching approaches. Through appropriate and well-adjusted teaching and learning strategies, the learning experiences of nursing students can be improved, which will eventually enhance critical thinking abilities in students and safeguard patient safety. This study explores the learning experiences of nursing graduates of a self-financed Higher Education institution (HEI) and the teaching theories and practices of nursing teachers working in self-financed HEIs in Hong Kong. The results serve as a knowledge base of reflections on better implementing a student-centred learning (SCL) approach in nursing education. This thesis is a qualitative study following a hermeneutic phenomenological approach. Participants were invited through a snowballing strategy. Two focus groups were employed to explore nursing graduate learning experiences. Moreover, their narratives were used to formulate interview questions to reveal the teaching theories and practices of nursing teachers. Twelve Chinese nursing teachers were invited to participate in individual in-depth interviews. The narratives were collected, coded, and categorised through thematic analysis. Teaching theories and learning issues were classified into different themes, followed by critical analysis. In this study, nursing graduates expressed dissatisfaction with their learning experiences, such as receiving insufficient feedback, experiencing fear of losing "face", high study loads, and communication problems with their teachers. The results indicated that nursing teachers were employing hybrid teaching theories that were fundamentally teacher-centred learning (TCL) approach. Most teachers espoused SCL but still used a TCL approach through traditional classroom teaching. However, these hybrid teaching theories cannot fully explain the phenomenon from the perspectives of SCL and TCL frameworks. The hybrid teaching theories can be understood appropriately with a Profession-Centred Learning (PCL) approach in which there are three core dimensions: Profession sharing, legal obligation, and transitional learning. Their teaching theories and practices were driven by six contributing factors - impacts of a large class, time pressure of teachers, following ingrained teaching approaches, pedagogic dilemmas, teaching and learning cultures, and learning under consumerism. These explorations indicate that any educational reform must consider many different but interrelated factors.
Scattering experiments meet N-body I: a practical recipe for the evolution of massive black hole binaries in stellar environments
Creators: name: Sesana, Alberto
name: Khan, Fazeel Mahmood
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The N-independence observed in the evolution of massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) in recent simulation of merging stellar bulges suggests a simple interpretation beyond complex time-dependent relaxation processes. We conjecture that the MBHB hardening rate is equivalent to that of a binary immersed in a field of unbound stars with density $ρ$ and typical velocity $σ$, provided that $ρ$ and $σ$ are the stellar density and the velocity dispersion at the influence radius of the MBHB. By comparing direct N-body simulations to an hybrid model based on 3-body scattering experiments, we verify this hypothesis: when normalized to the stellar density and velocity dispersion at the binary influence radius, the N-body MBHB hardening rate approximately matches that predicted by 3-body scatterings in the investigated cases. The eccentricity evolution obtained with the two techniques is also in reasonable agreement. This result is particularly practical because it allows to estimate the lifetime of MBHBs forming in dry mergers based solely on the stellar density profile of the host galaxy. We briefly discuss some implications of our finding for the gravitational wave signal observable by pulsar timing arrays and for the expected population of MBHBs lurking in massive ellipticals.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Submitted to MNRAS Letters
MPEC 2023-T195 : 2023 TS7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TS7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
An Analysis of Karlstadt’s Early Reformation Booklet Which Books are Biblical:  Karlstadt’s Reordering of Spiritual Authorities under the Influence of Christian Hebraist Thought
Creators: name: Piccirillo, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: The question of authority within Christianity and the Church has always been a topic of significance and contention, and it is a question that Luther's colleague, Andreas Karlstadt, attempts to answer in his booklet Which Books are Biblical.  Through a detailed analysis and translation of the German booklet Which Books are Biblical, this paper aims to concretely demonstrate the way in which Karlstadt approached the reordering of Scripture and authorities within the Church, and the way in which the Christian Hebraist idea of ad fontes ('return to the sources') influenced this reordering of authorities in the early Reformation.
Helicobacter pylori Raw sequence reads
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2017
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: Helicobacter pylori, previously Campylobacter pylori, is a gram-negative, microaerophilic bacterium found usually in the stomach. It was identified in 1982 by Australian scientists Barry Marshall and Robin Warren, who found that it was present in a person with chronic gastritis and gastric ulcers, conditions not previously believed to have a microbial cause. It is also linked to the development of duodenal ulcers and stomach cancer. However, over 80% of individuals infected with the bacterium are asymptomatic, and it may play an important role in the natural stomach ecology
SOCIAL STIGMA ATTACHED TO HIV/AIDS AND ITS DETERMINANTS IN DIREDAWA TOWN
Creators: name: Yared Kiflee
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2001

description: A cross sectional study was carried out from April to June 2001 among residents of Diredawa town aged 18 year and above to assess the magnitude and determinants of stigma related to HIV/AIDS and PLWHA. A multistage sampling procedure was used to select 845 study subjects. Both qualitative and quantitative data collection methods were utilized. Although majority of respondents were well aware about HIV/AIDS, there is still misconceptions about its casual transmission. Most respondents manifest at least some form of stigma towards PLWHA. Majority 527(68.7%) of the respondents agreed that PLWHA should not have child and 463(60.4%) of them to keep the HIV positive status of their family member secrete. Three hundred ninety six (51.6%) of the respondents said that PLWHA should never be trusted and 363(47.3%) respondents believed that PLWHA deserve the disease.
The exponential Lie series for continuous semimartingales
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Malham, Simon J. A.
name: Patras, Frederic
name: Wiese, Anke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60H35

description: We consider stochastic differential systems driven by continuous semimartingales and governed by non-commuting vector fields. We prove that the logarithm of the flowmap is an exponential Lie series. This relies on a natural change of basis to vector fields for the associated quadratic covariation processes, analogous to Stratonovich corrections. The flowmap can then be expanded as a series in compositional powers of vector fields and the logaritm of the flowmap can thus be expanded in the Lie algebra of vector fields. Further, we give a direct self-contained proof of the corresponding Chen-Strichartz formula which provides an explicit formula for the Lie series coefficients. Such exponential Lie series are important in the development of strong Lie group integration schemes that ensure approximate solutions themselves lie in any homogeneous manifold on which the solution evolves.
description: 25 pages
Eumops nanus
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Eumops
Eumops nanus

description: 36. Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bat Eumops nanus French: Eumope nain / German: Kleine Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Eumops nano Other common names: Dwarf Bonneted Bat Taxonomy. Promops nanus G. S. Miller, 1900, “Bogava [= Bugaba District], Chiriqui [Province], Panama (alt. 250 m.).” Eumops nanus was previously considered a subspecies of E. bonariensis based on morphological and molecular differences. Monotypic. Distribution. Patchily from S Mexico (Veracruz and Oaxaca) SE through Central America to extreme N Colombia, NW Venezuela, S Guyana, and Peru; also on Cozumel 1. Descriptive notes. Head—body 49-68 mm, tail 28-47 mm, ear 12-19 mm, hindfoot 6-11 mm, forearm 39-48 mm; weight 7-13 g. See general characteristics of the genus under the Black Bonneted Bat (E. auripendulus). The Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bat is the smallest species of Eumopsin overall size. Dorsal furis grayish brown to dark brown, with c. 5mm long hairs being whitish at bases. Ventral fur is slightly paler and frosted on tips. Lips are wrinkled but less than in Wagner’s Bonneted Bat (E. glaucinus). Ears extendjust beyond nose tip when laid forward. Wing attaches near end of tibia. Upper incisors converge to each other and are not in contact with canines. Habitat. [Lowland tropical humid forests, thorn forests, and secondary forests. Food and Feeding. Stomach contents of Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bats from Mexico contained 55% moths, 27% beetles, and 15% bugs (by volume). Breeding. In Mexico, Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bats were pregnant from late March to late June, with parturition occurring in midto late June. Lactating females were reported from early June to late July, with lactation lasting up to two months. Reproductively inactive females occurred in March-April, June-July, and September-—November. Subadults were found in October. Males had enlarged and secreting throat glands in May-June. Activity patterns. Primary activity of Northern Dwarf Bonneted Bats occurs during first two hours after sunset, with secondary activity before sunrise. They roost in tree holes and under roof tiles of houses in colonies of ¢.20 individuals in Mexico. These bats fly near water bodies, including human-made ponds and swimming pools. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as [Least Concern on The IUCN Red Lust. Bibliography. Bowles et al. (1990), Eger (2008), Handley (1976), Hutterer et al. (1995), Miller (1900a), Reid (1997), Torres-Morales et al. (2014).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Molossidae, pp. 598-672 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on pages 632-633, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6418279
Unpredictability and basin entropy
Creators: name: Daza, Alvar
name: Wagemakers, Alexandre
name: Sanjuán, Miguel A. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basin entropy is a simple idea that aims to measure the the final state unpredictability of multistable systems. Since 2016, the basin entropy has been widely used in different contexts of physics, from cold atoms to galactic dynamics. Furthermore, it has provided a natural framework to study basins of attraction in nonlinear dynamics and new criteria for the detection of fractal boundaries. In this article, we describe the concept as well as fundamental applications. In addition, we provide our perspective on the future challenges of applying the basin entropy idea to understanding complex systems.
Beyond Cash Bail: Evaluating the Relationship Between Racial Disparities and Pre-Trial Detention Rates in the Province of Alberta
Creators: name: Sarah Mackenzie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This thesis evaluates the underlying reasons behind rising pre-trial detention rates in the Canadian province of Alberta, with a specific focus on the over-representation of Indigenous people. Using a mixed-methods approach, this paper explores the connection between breaches of conditions of release and detention at the bail stage. The findings presented in this paper demonstrate how the imposition of certain, seemingly race-neutral, conditions of release generate a disparity between the detention rates of Indigenous and non-Indigenous accused, despite the existing legal protections specifically for Indigenous people in Canadian criminal proceedings. While this thesis not only highlights existing problems within the Canadian bail system, it may also serve as a warning for American policy makers, as pressure builds within the country to move away from its cash-reliant system, to one that more closely resembles the Canadian system. Ultimately, this research makes the case that abolishing cash bail may not ameliorate the over-representation of certain groups in the justice system, nor reduce the number of people in custody at the pre-trial stage.
On the fate of the Standard Model at finite temperature
Creators: name: Rose, Luigi Delle
name: Marzo, Carlo
name: Urbano, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we revisit and update the computation of thermal corrections to the stability of the electroweak vacuum in the Standard Model. At zero temperature, we make use of the full two-loop effective potential, improved by three-loop beta functions with two-loop matching conditions. At finite temperature, we include one-loop thermal corrections together with resummation of daisy diagrams. We solve numerically---both at zero and finite temperature---the bounce equation, thus providing an accurate description of the thermal tunneling. Assuming a maximum temperature in the early Universe of the order of $10^{18}$ GeV, we find that at finite temperature the instability bound excludes values of the top mass $M_t \gtrsim 173.6$ GeV, with $M_h \simeq 125$ GeV and including uncertainties on the strong coupling. We discuss the validity and temperature-dependence of this bound in the early Universe, with a special focus on the reheating phase after inflation.
description: 13 pages (two-column format), 13 figures
Posttraumatic Migraine Characteristics Predict Extended Recovery Following Sport-Related Concussion in High School Athletes
Creators: name: Madhavaram, Avanish
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: In previous studies, posttraumatic migraine (PTM) characteristics have been associated with neurocognitive deficits and higher overall symptom severity scores at a single timepoint post injury. In this study, we sought to further confirm the effect of PTM characteristics on symptom duration time and total time loss from sport in youth athletes. 324 athletes (266 males, 58 females) were grouped into posttraumatic migraine (PTM), posttraumatic headache (PTH), and no headache cohorts. We observed a significant relationship between headache group and prolonged symptom duration (F2,304 = 34.96, P< 0.0001) and total time loss from sport (F2,319 = 4.62, p = 0.011). The PTM group had 3.57 (95% CI: 1.29, 9.92) times greater odds of athletes experiencing ≥2 weeks of total time loss. The PTM group had an average symptom duration longer than both PTH and no headache controls by 4.19 (95% CI: 2.62, 5.77) and 6.22 days (95% CI: 4.36, 8.08), respectively. Athletes with PTM characteristics also took an average of 7.25 days (95% CI: 1.53, 12.96) longer to RTP compared to no headache controls. Posttraumatic migraine characteristics following injury show potential for use as a prognostic indicator of prolonged recovery, but further study using matching control groups and recent participant data is required to best guide future clinical decisions.
Operational versus umbral methods and the Borel transform
Creators: name: Dattoli, G.
name: Di Palma, E.
name: Sabia, E.
name: Górska, K.
name: Horzela, A.
name: Penson, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Integro-differential methods, currently exploited in calculus, provide an inexhaustible source of tools to be applied to a wide class of problems, involving the theory of special functions and other subjects. The use of integral transforms of the Borel type and the associated formalism is shown to be a very effective mean, constituting a solid bridge between umbral and operational methods. We merge these different points of view to obtain new and efficient analytical techniques for the derivation of integrals of special functions and the summation of associated generating functions as well.
description: Corrected version
The destination is not the end : an institutional analysis of refugee education in Luxembourg
Creators: name: Drivsholm, Mette Bach
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2014
Subjects: refugees
education
Luxembourg

description: Second semester University: Université du Luxembourg.
description: This thesis is a case study of the refugee education system in Luxembourg. Through the theoretical underpinnings of historical-sociological institutionalism, the analysis has 3 parts. First, the predominant tendencies in asylum-policies in liberal democracies identified to focus on national security rather than the rights of refugees. Luxembourgish debates on naturalisation laws support this negative view of asylum-seekers. Second, a legal analysis of the right to education for asylum-seeking and refugee children shows a different picture, namely that of a fairly strongly formulated set of rights, some of which are relatively enforceable. This inclusive rights-regime seems to be in contrast with the negative asylumpolicy regime. Third, a de facto analysis of policies implemented in the field of refugee education in Luxembourg shows that the Grand-Duchy has a surprisingly inclusive system of refugee education, and that asylum-seeker and refugee children’s rights are to a large extent realised since they are seen primarily as children rather than asylum-seekers. Finally, I seek to explain my findings through key institutionalist concepts such as institutional inertia, the stickiness of initial institutional design, path dependence, and contextual factors such as Luxembourg’s unique history of immigration and its current population composition.
Finite Field-Dependent BRST-antiBRST Transformations: Jacobians and Application to the Standard Model
Creators: name: Moshin, Pavel Yu.
name: Reshetnyak, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81T13, 81T10, 81T70, 53C80, 70S05, 70S15, 28D15

description: We continue our research Nucl.Phys B888, 92 (2014); Int. J. Mod. Phys. A29, 1450159 (2014); Phys. Lett. B739, 110 (2014); Int. J. Mod. Phys. A30, 1550021 (2015) and extend the class of finite BRST-antiBRST transformations with odd-valued parameters $λ_{a}$, $a=1,2$, introduced in these works. In doing so, we evaluate the Jacobians induced by finite BRST-antiBRST transformations linear in functionally-dependent parameters, as well as those induced by finite BRST-antiBRST transformations with arbitrary functional parameters. The calculations cover the cases of gauge theories with a closed algebra, dynamical systems with first-class constraints, and general gauge theories. The resulting Jacobians in the case of linearized transformations are different from those in the case of polynomial dependence on the parameters. Finite BRST-antiBRST transformations with arbitrary parameters induce an extra contribution to the quantum action, which cannot be absorbed into a change of the gauge. These transformations include an extended case of functionally-dependent parameters that implies a modified compensation equation, which admits non-trivial solutions leading to a Jacobian equal to unity. Finite BRST-antiBRST transformations with functionally-dependent parameters are applied to the Standard Model, and an explicit form of functionally-dependent parameters $λ_{a}$ is obtained, providing the equivalence of path integrals in any $3$-parameter $R_{\boldsymbolξ}$-like gauges. The Gribov--Zwanziger theory is extended to the case of the Standard Model, and a form of the Gribov horizon functional is suggested in the Landau gauge, as well as in $R_{\boldsymbolξ}$-like gauges, in a gauge-independent way using field-dependent BRST-antiBRST transformations, and in $R_{\boldsymbolξ}$-like gauges using transverse-like non-Abelian gauge fields.
description: 64 pages, no figures, notes on functional integral, superdeterminants, Eq.(5.30), Ward identities for SM in GZ form (5.43)-(5.45) added, Discussions extended by Proposition 7 and related formulae, Eq.(5.43)-(5.45) corrected, remarks on gauge-invariant regularization, renormalization added, 14 references added, misprints corrected
Deep Whole-genome Sequencing of 90 Han Chinese
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2017
Subjects: variation
Multiisolate

description: We have performed whole genome sequencing at high depth (~80X) of 90 unrelated individuals of Chinese ancestry, collected from the 1000 Genome Project samples, including 45 North Han Chinese and 45 South Han Chinese samples. 83 of these 90 have been sequenced by the 1000 Genomes Project. We have identified 12,568,804 single nucleotide polymorphisms, 2,074,734 short InDels from these 90 samples.
Molecular Beam Epitaxy of KTaO$_3$
Creators: name: Schwaigert, Tobias
name: Salmani-Razaie, Salva
name: Barone, Matthew R.
name: Paik, Hanjong
name: Ray, Ethan
name: Williams, Michael D.
name: Muller, David A.
name: Schlom, Darrell G.
name: Ahadi, Kaveh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain-engineering is a powerful means to tune the polar, structural, and electronic instabilities of incipient ferroelectrics. KTaO3 is near a polar instability and shows anisotropic superconductivity in electron-doped samples. Here, we demonstrate growth of high quality KTaO3 thin films by molecular-beam epitaxy. Tantalum was provided by both a suboxide source emanating a TaO2 flux from Ta2O5 contained in a conventional effusion cell as well as an electron-beam-heated tantalum source. Excess potassium and a combination of ozone and oxygen (10 \% O3 + 90 \% O2) were simultaneously supplied with the TaO$_2$ (or tantalum) molecular beams to grow the KTaO$_3$ films. Laue fringes suggest that the films are smooth with an abrupt film/substrate interface. Cross-sectional scanning transmission electron microscopy does not show any extended defects and confirms that the films have an atomically abrupt interface with the substrate. Atomic force microscopy reveals atomic steps at the surface of the grown films. Reciprocal space mapping demonstrates that the films, when sufficiently thin, are coherently strained to the SrTiO$_3$ (001) and GdScO$_3$ (110) substrates.
Sugarcane(Saccharum spontaneum) genome raw sequence reads and transcriptome reads
Creators: name: BGI
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2017
Subjects: raw sequence reads
Monoisolate

description: Due to sugarcane's high polyploidy, it hinders the genome based breeding programs. Here we sequence wild sugarcane (Saccharum spontaneum) which is the ancestor of the modern cultivars, with less complexity.
Aging Prison Demographics: A Study of the Ticking Time Bomb that is the North Carolina Prison System
Creators: name: Johnson, Sydney
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of the aging of prisoners in North Carolina from 1980 to 2020. My research finds that the average age of inmates in North Carolina has increased over time and will continue to do so into the future. This aging is a result of a history of strict sentencing in the state. When legislation was being discussed, few predicted the exponential growth of older prisoners would be a public health problem that would arise. Now, there are aging inmates serving life sentences for crimes such as burglary, kidnapping, or second-degree murder; these crimes may not receive as harsh of a sentence in present day. Prison is not designed for the elderly, nor is it equipped or prepared for the number of elderly inmates it will likely have to take care of in the future. Now, there is especially a cause for concern as COVID-19 spreads across the country.
Is Perception Reality: Do beneficiaries’ perceptions of rules in unconditional cash transfer programs shape their behavior? Evidence from Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe.
Creators: name: Lundeen, Valerie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: While the efficacy of cash transfer (CT) programs worldwide has been well-researched, the administrative operations of those same programs are often overlooked. This thesis focuses on the most contentious operational feature of cash transfers: conditionality. Policymakers traditionally categorize CT programs as “conditional” or “unconditional,” a false binary that ignores the nuances of such programs. Existing literature has pointed out that conditionality is not binary, but this thesis goes further and develops a novel “normative spectrum of conditionality.” This spectrum is derived through exploring the conceptual links between conditionality and the ethical notion of paternalism. The spectrum includes a new category suggested by this thesis, “perceived conditionality.” The existence of perceived conditionality is then analyzed in nominally unconditional CT programs (UCTs) in Malawi, Zambia, and Zimbabwe, using a quantitative and normative mixed-methods approach. Using data from the Transfer Project, this thesis links “rules” (education, clothing, food, and investment) perceived by program recipients to outcome categories. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) model and marginal propensity to consume (MPC) analysis, this thesis estimates the impact of rule perception on household expenditure. Overall, perception of a given rule had no effect on behavior in any country, with a few minor exceptions that lack practical significance. However, in all three countries, the types of households that perceived rules tended to be larger, have more children, and have a younger household head. The thesis concludes with a normative analysis, which considers each of the three cash transfer programs as a “case study” to which the normative spectrum of conditionality can be applied. Overall, it is concluded that although the programs contain elements of paternalism, those elements are morally permissible.
Eumops patagonicus Thomas 1924
Creators: name: Wilson, Don E.
name: Mittermeier, Russell A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Eumops
Eumops patagonicus

description: 37. Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bat Eumops patagonicus French: Eumope de Patagonie / German: Patagonien-Bulldogfledermaus / Spanish: Eumops de la Patagonia Taxonomy. Eumops patagonicus Thomas, 1924, “ Buenos Ayres [= Buenos Aires],” Argentina. Eumops patagonicus was previously considered a subspecies of E. bonariensis but is distinguished by morphological and molecular differences. Monotypic. Distribution. S Peru, Bolivia, S Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina, and extreme NW Uruguay. Descriptive notes. Head—body 54-74 mm, tail 27-43 mm, ear 18-23 mm, hindfoot 7-11 mm, forearm 40-47 mm; weight 7-16 g. See general characteristics of the genus under the Black Bonneted Bat (E. auripendulus). Dorsal pelage of the Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bat is grayish or reddish brown, with hairs having whitish bases. Ventral pelage is paler, with hairs having dark brown or lighter bases and grayish tips. Keel of earis thin andjust reaches anterior margin of antitragus. Tragusis short and wide. Habitat. Chaco thorn scrub, Yungas forests, and urban areas. Food and Feeding. The Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bat is an insectivore. Breeding. In Paraguay, Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bats were pregnant in September—-October; reproductively inactive females were found inJanuary and April-August. Activity patterns. Patagonian Dwarf Bonneted Bats are common in disturbed areas and near human habitation. They have been found roosting under roofs and in tree hollows and netted near and over water in Paraguay. Movements, Home range and Social organization. No information. Status and Conservation. Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Bibliography. Barquez et al. (1999), Carvalho et al. (2017), Eger (2008), Medina et al. (2012), Myers & Wetzel (1983), Saralegui (1996).
description: Published as part of Don E. Wilson & Russell A. Mittermeier, 2019, Molossidae, pp. 598-672 in Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 9 Bats, Barcelona :Lynx Edicions on page 633, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.6418279
Investigation of kinetics of semi-clathrate formation for CO2 capture in the presence of L-methionine amino acid
Creators: name: Babu, Adarsh
name: Veluswamy, Hari Prakash
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Gas hydrates cater to several applications including methane/natural gas storage, CO2 capture, gas separation, desalination, etc. Semi-clathrates are a class of inclusion compounds in which a part of guest molecule (typically anion of tertiary butyl ammonium salts) involves in the formation of cage structure along with water and the other remaining part of guest molecule (cation) occupies and stabilizes the gas hydrate structure. This study is the first effort to explore the kinetics of the formation of tertiary butyl ammonium chloride (TBAC) semi clathrate in the presence of CO2 without and with the addition of a kinetic promoter (L-methionine amino acid). Experimental conditions of the study include starting pressure of 3.4 MPa and temperatures in the range of 279.2–283.2 K. Kinetics of TBAB-CO2 and TBAC-CO2 mixed semi-clathrates have been compared and reported along with morphology observations under similar experimental conditions. TBAC-CO2 mixed semi-clathrates showcase significant reduction in induction time in comparison to TBAB-CO2 mixed semi-clathrates. Also, gas uptake (CO2 storage capacity) is observed to be slightly better for TBAC mixed semi-clathrates at lower concentrations (5 wt%). Though l-methionine amino acid aids in the reduction of t90 (time taken for 90% completion of hydrate formation) for TBAB-CO2 system, such an effect was not observed for TBAC-CO2 system. Formed semi-clathrates can be easily dissociated with low-grade waste heat to release the stored CO2 (based on the observed dissociation by thermal stimulation in conducted experiments), making it an excellent contender for Carbon Capture Utilization and Storage (CCUS) Technology.
Star Trek: The Next Interpretation; Changing Notions of American Citizenship in The Original Series
Creators: name: Taranto, McKenzie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Gene Roddenberry created Star Trek: The Original Series (1966-1969) in a time of great social and political unrest in America and around the world. Roddenberry shaped the character of Captain James T. Kirk to be the model for American citizenship in the 1960s, fulfilling the baby boomers' need for direction. Growing up with the horrors of World War II still very fresh in human memory left boomers with a sense of banality and instability. Star Trek served as a supplemental education, instructing them on how to be good citizens again, how to live, and how to interact with others. There is a notable shift mid-series as Kirk's initial moral and emotional guidance instructing viewers to have compassion, integrity, intuition, courage, mercy, and (moderate) ambition changes to emphasizing following rules and regulations. This shift can be explained as the writers' reaction to the anti-war, anti-militarism sentiments due to American entry into the Vietnam War. As the first publicized war, and a terribly brutal one at that, the American people were shocked by the violence and reality of it. In an effort to promote social cohesion and heal the country, Star Trek provided a model for being a good human, citizen, and soldier. The lessons in Star Trek continue to be just as relevant today as they were over 50 years ago, reminding us what it means to be human in an uncertain time.
Non-Gaussian Error Distributions of LMC Distance Moduli Measurements
Creators: name: Crandall, Sara
name: Ratra, Bharat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct error distributions for a compilation of 232 Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) distance moduli values from de Grijs (2014) that give an LMC distance modulus of (m-M)_{0}=18.49 plus/minus 0.13 mag (median and 1 sigma symmetrized error). Central estimates found from weighted mean and median statistics are used to construct the error distributions. The weighted mean error distribution is non-Gaussian --- flatter and broader than Gaussian --- with more (less) probability in the tails (center) than is predicted by a Gaussian distribution; this could be the consequence of unaccounted-for systematic uncertainties. The median statistics error distribution, which does not make use of the individual measurement errors, is also non-Gaussian --- more peaked than Gaussian --- with less (more) probability in the tails (center) than is predicted by a Gaussian distribution; this could be the consequence of publication bias and/or the non-independence of the measurements. We also construct the error distributions of 247 SMC distance moduli values from de Grijs (2015). We find a central estimate of (m-M)_{0}=18.94 plus/minus 0.14 mag (median and 1 sigma symmetrized error), and similar probabilities for the error distributions.
description: 23 Pages, 7 Figures, 3 Tables
Quantifying errors in 3D CME parameters derived from synthetic data using white-light reconstruction techniques
Creators: name: Verbeke, Christine
name: Mays, M. Leila
name: Kay, Christina
name: Riley, Pete
name: Palmerio, Erika
name: Dumbović, Mateja
name: Mierla, Marilena
name: Scolini, Camilla
name: Temmer, Manuela
name: Paouris, Evangelos
name: Balmaceda, Laura A.
name: Cremades, Hebe
name: Hinterreiter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Shortened version) Current efforts in space weather forecasting of CMEs have been focused on predicting their arrival time and magnetic structure. To make predictions, methods have been developed to derive the true CME speed, size and position, among others. Difficulties in determining input parameters for CME forecasting arise from the lack of direct measurements of the coronal magnetic fields and uncertainties in estimating the CME 3D geometric and kinematic parameters. White-light coronagraph images are usually employed by a variety of CME reconstruction techniques. We explore how subjectivity affects the 3D CME parameters that are obtained from the GCS reconstruction technique. We have designed two different synthetic scenarios where the ``true'' geometric parameters are known in order to quantify such uncertainties for the first time. We explore this as follows: 1) Using the ray-tracing option from the GCS model software, and 2) Using 3D MHD simulation data from the MAS code. Our experiment includes different viewing configurations using single and multiple viewpoints. CME reconstructions using a single viewpoint had the largest errors and error ranges for both synthetic GCS and simulated MHD white-light data. Increasing the number of viewpoints to two, the errors decreased by about 4$^\circ$ in latitude, 22$^\circ$ in longitude, 14$^\circ$ in tilt, and 10$^\circ$ in half-angle, pointing towards a need for at least two viewpoints. We found the following CME parameter error bars as a starting point for quantifying the minimum error in CME parameters from white-light reconstructions: $Δθ$ (latitude)=${6^\circ}$, $Δϕ$ (longitude)=${11^\circ}$, $Δγ$ (tilt)=${25^\circ}$, $Δα$ (half-angle)=${10^\circ}$, $Δh$ (height)=$0.6 R_{\odot}$, and $Δκ$ (ratio)=$0.1$.
Linear Mixed-Effects Models to Measure the Effect of Age on Marathon Performance
Creators: name: Siegel, Spencer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: Age has been widely accepted as a critical factor which affects marathon performance. Currently, there is no widely accepted standard that measures this effect. Although age-graded standards exist, these standards are computed using world-record times which may not be indicative of the aging process for a typical runner. Prestigious marathons, such as the Boston Marathon, utilize qualification times to restrict the number of participants and obey space limitations. The fairness of these qualification times has been a hot topic in the running community. The qualification times for the Boston Marathon currently depend on one’s gender and age-group, but the exact effect of these variables is unknown. The Boston Marathon does not currently use a model to specify qualification standards. This paper serves as a quantitative approach to measuring the effect of age and gender on marathon performance. We have identified gender, age, and the conditions of the race as three critical factors which influence marathon performance. We have utilized mixed-effects modeling to model the effect of these variables on marathon finish times. We have shown the age-performance curves derived from these models. Additionally, we have developed methodology to construct qualifying standards based on the results of the model. Recently, we have modeled for dropout probability to address the issue of survivor bias in the marathon data. We hope this research can serve as a foundation to address the fairness of current marathon qualification standards and, more broadly, to understand the impact of age on marathon performance.
OMEGA -- OSIRIS Mapping of Emission-line Galaxies in A901/2: I.-- Survey description, data analysis, and star formation and AGN activity in the highest density regions
Creators: name: Chies-Santos, Ana L.
name: del Pino, Bruno Rodríguez
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Bamford, Steven P.
name: Gray, Meghan E.
name: Wolf, Christian
name: Böhm, Asmus
name: Maltby, David T.
name: Pintos-Castro, Irene
name: Sánchez-Portal, Miguel
name: Weinzirl, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an overview of and first results from the OMEGA survey: the OSIRIS Mapping of Emission-line Galaxies in the multi-cluster system A901/2. The ultimate goal of this project is to study star formation and AGN activity across a broad range of environments at a single redshift. Using the tuneable-filter mode of the OSIRIS instrument on GTC, we target Halpha and [NII] emission lines over a ~0.5 X 0.5 deg2 region containing the z~0.167 multi-cluster system A901/2. In this paper we describe the design of the survey, the observations and the data analysis techniques developed. We then present early results from two OSIRIS pointings centred on the cores of the A901a and A902 clusters. AGN and star-forming (SF) objects are identified using the [NII]/Halpha vs. W_Halpha (WHAN) diagnostic diagram. The AGN hosts are brighter, more massive, and possess earlier-type morphologies than SF galaxies. Both populations tend to be located towards the outskirts of the high density regions we study. The typical Halpha luminosity of these sources is significantly lower than that of field galaxies at similar redshifts, but greater than that found for A1689, a rich cluster at z~0.2. The Halpha luminosities of our objects translate into star-formation rates (SFRs) between ~0.02 and 6 Msun/yr. Comparing the relationship between stellar mass and Halpha-derived SFR with that found in the field indicates a suppression of star formation in the cores of the clusters. These findings agree with previous investigations of this multi-cluster structure, based on other star formation indicators, and demonstrate the power of tuneable filters for this kind of study.
description: MNRAS accepted, 19 pages, 20 figures,1 table
Distributed Control of Microscopic Robots in Biomedical Applications
Creators: name: Hogg, Tad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.9; I.2.11

description: Current developments in molecular electronics, motors and chemical sensors could enable constructing large numbers of devices able to sense, compute and act in micron-scale environments. Such microscopic machines, of sizes comparable to bacteria, could simultaneously monitor entire populations of cells individually in vivo. This paper reviews plausible capabilities for microscopic robots and the physical constraints due to operation in fluids at low Reynolds number, diffusion-limited sensing and thermal noise from Brownian motion. Simple distributed controls are then presented in the context of prototypical biomedical tasks, which require control decisions on millisecond time scales. The resulting behaviors illustrate trade-offs among speed, accuracy and resource use. A specific example is monitoring for patterns of chemicals in a flowing fluid released at chemically distinctive sites. Information collected from a large number of such devices allows estimating properties of cell-sized chemical sources in a macroscopic volume. The microscopic devices moving with the fluid flow in small blood vessels can detect chemicals released by tissues in response to localized injury or infection. We find the devices can readily discriminate a single cell-sized chemical source from the background chemical concentration, providing high-resolution sensing in both time and space. By contrast, such a source would be difficult to distinguish from background when diluted throughout the blood volume as obtained with a blood sample.
การสังเคราะห์รูปแบบสิ่งแวดล้อมการเรียนรู้แบบเสมือนร่วมกับกระบวนการออกแบบวิศวกรรมที่ส่งเสริมทักษะความคิดสร้างสรรค์ของนักเรียน
Creators: name: ผ่องอำไพ ธรรมอริยสกุล
Publisher: name: Office of Academic Resources
Year: 2023
Subjects: สิ่งแวดล้อมการเรียนรู้แบบเสมือน
กระบวนการออกแบบวิศวกรรม
ทักษะความคิดสร้างสรรค์
virtual learning environment
engineering design process
creative thinking skills

description: Journal of Information and Learning, 34, 2, 1-15
Spectroscopy of interacting quasiparticles in trapped ions
Creators: name: Jurcevic, P.
name: Hauke, P.
name: Maier, C.
name: Hempel, C.
name: Lanyon, B. P.
name: Blatt, R.
name: Roos, C. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static and dynamic properties of many-body quantum systems are often well described by collective excitations, known as quasiparticles. Engineered quantum systems offer the opportunity to study such emergent phenomena in a precisely controlled and otherwise inaccessible way. We present a spectroscopic technique to study artificial quantum matter and use it for characterizing quasiparticles in a many-body system of trapped atomic ions. Our approach is to excite combinations of the system's fundamental quasiparticle eigenmodes, given by delocalised spin waves. By observing the dynamical response to superpositions of such eigenmodes, we extract the system dispersion relation, magnetic order, and even detect signatures of quasiparticle interactions. Our technique is not limited to trapped ions, and it is suitable for verifying quantum simulators by tuning them into regimes where the collective excitations have a simple form.