cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
FDTD Simulation of Exposure of Biological Material to Electromagnetic Nanopulses
Creators: name: Simicevic, Neven
name: Haynie, Donald T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-wideband (UWB) electromagnetic pulses of nanosecond duration, or nanopulses, are of considerable interest to the communications industry and are being explored for various applications in biotechnology and medicine. The propagation of a nanopulse through biological matter has been computed in the time domain using the finite difference-time domain method (FDTD). The approach required existing Cole-Cole model-based descriptions of dielectric properties of biological matter to be re-parametrized using the Debye model, but without loss of accuracy. The approach has been applied to several tissue types. Results show that the electromagnetic field inside a biological tissue depends on incident pulse rise time and width. Rise time dominates pulse behavior inside a tissue as conductivity increases. It has also been found that the amount of energy deposited by 20 $kV/m$ nanopulses is insufficient to change the temperature of the exposed material for the pulse repetition rates of 1 $MHz$ or less.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
SI_III_Bioinformatics_methods from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Description of the bioinformatics and sequencing results
Radial Alignment of Cluster Galaxies
Creators: name: Pereira, M. J.
name: Kuhn, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a statistically significant radial alignment of cluster galaxies in a sample of 85 X-ray selected clusters observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The tendency for alignment is a robust feature of our sample and does not vary significantly with individual cluster or galaxy properties. We use dynamical arguments to show that a significant fraction of cluster galaxies should be undergoing a parametric tidal resonance that can cause their long axes to orient themselves towards the center of the cluster potential, and therefore tentatively ascribe the observed radial alignment to this dynamical effect.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Stability of Thomson's Configurations of Vortices on a Sphere
Creators: name: Borisov, A. V.
name: Kilin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work stability of polygonal configurations on a plane and sphere is investigated. The conditions of linear stability are obtained. A nonlinear analysis of the problem is made with the help of Birkhoff normalization. Some problems are also formulated.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Table_S1_proportional_cover_of_taxonomical_levels from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The relative diversity of insect orders, families, genera and species in our samples compared to the Danish national species list.
Modeling Carbon Leakages with Forestation Policies
Creators: name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Drabik, Dusan
name: Just, David R.
name: De Gorter, Harry
name: Drabik, Dusan
name: Just, David R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: carbon leakage
subject: forestry
subject: reduced emissions from deforestation
subject: afforestation

description: This paper analyzes carbon leakage due to reduced emissions from deforestation (RED). We find that leakage with RED is good because the policy induces afforestation that contributes to a further carbon sequestration. By ignoring the domestic component of carbon leakage, the literature can either overestimate or underestimate leakage, depending on the magnitudes of the numerator and the denominator of the leakage formulas. Unlike the literature, we include the land and agricultural markets in the analysis of carbon leakage with forestation policies. In this model, carbon leakage depends on: (1) supply and demand elasticities of timber production and consumption, respectively in the country introducing a RED policy (Home country) and in the rest of the world; (2) Home country's production and consumption share in the world timber production and consumption, respectively; (3) prices of land and crop products in the Home country and the rest of the world; (4) initial allocation of land between forestry and agriculture; (5) share of total forest area set aside under RED; and (6) relative carbon sequestration potential of the forest planted on an afforested land and of the forest withdrawn from timber harvest. These potentials depend heavily on the forest species as well as on timing of the policy, and on the discount rate and time path of increasing carbon prices.
The Phase Transition between Caged Black Holes and Black Strings - A Review
Creators: name: Kol, Barak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole uniqueness is known to fail in higher dimensions, and the multiplicity of black hole phases leads to phase transitions physics in General Relativity. The black-hole black-string transition is a prime realization of such a system and its phase diagram has been the subject of considerable study in the last few years. The most surprising results seem to be the appearance of critical dimensions where the qualitative behavior of the system changes, and a novel kind of topology change. Recently, a full phase diagram was determined numerically, confirming earlier predictions for a merger of the black-hole and black string phases and giving very strong evidence that the end-state of the Gregory-Laflamme instability is a black hole (in the dimension range 4
description: 65 pages, 29 figures. v2: An updated version, improved presentation, accepted for publication in Phys. Rep
How robustly do multivariate EEG patterns track individual-subject lexico-semantic processing of visual stimuli?
Creators: name: Petit, Selene
name: Brown, Alyse
name: Jessen, Emil Trenckner
name: Woolgar, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Electroencephalography may be a valuable tool for assessing lexico-semantic processing in conditions where behavioural measures are unreliable. Detecting and quantifying effects in individuals is crucial for clinical applications, but individual-subject analyses are frequently not reported, and are hampered by low signal-to-noise. Multivariate analyses (MVPA) may be more sensitive than traditional approaches, so we asked how robustly they could detect differential neural responses to semantically matched and mismatched word/picture pairs in individuals. With clinical application in mind, we compared data from a research-grade EEG system to concurrently recorded data from the wireless Emotiv EPOC + . In both EEG systems, despite robust group-level effects, we only detected statistically significant processing of lexico-semantic condition in 50% of individuals. Surprisingly, detection rates were similar for MVPA and univariate analyses. MVPA may be advantageous when individual responses are heterogeneous, but in this simple paradigm, lexico-semantic processing could not be reliably detected at the individual level.
Induced Curvature in Brane Worlds by Surface Terms in String Effective Actions with Higher-Curvature Corrections
Creators: name: Mavromatos, Nick E.
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In string-inspired effective actions, representing the low-energy bulk dynamics of brane/string theories, the higher-curvature ghost-free Gauss-Bonnet combination is obtained by local field redefinitions which leave the (perturbative) string amplitudes invariant. We show that such redefinitions lead to surface terms which induce curvature on the brane world boundary of the bulk spacetime.
description: 15 pages, no figures, comments added, typos corrected, to appear in PRD
Precision Health Data: Requirements, Challenges and Existing Techniques for Data Security and Privacy
Creators: name: Thapa, Chandra
name: Camtepe, Seyit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Precision health leverages information from various sources, including omics, lifestyle, environment, social media, medical records, and medical insurance claims to enable personalized care, prevent and predict illness, and precise treatments. It extensively uses sensing technologies (e.g., electronic health monitoring devices), computations (e.g., machine learning), and communication (e.g., interaction between the health data centers). As health data contain sensitive private information, including the identity of patient and carer and medical conditions of the patient, proper care is required at all times. Leakage of these private information affects the personal life, including bullying, high insurance premium, and loss of job due to the medical history. Thus, the security, privacy of and trust on the information are of utmost importance. Moreover, government legislation and ethics committees demand the security and privacy of healthcare data. Herein, in the light of precision health data security, privacy, ethical and regulatory requirements, finding the best methods and techniques for the utilization of the health data, and thus precision health is essential. In this regard, firstly, this paper explores the regulations, ethical guidelines around the world, and domain-specific needs. Then it presents the requirements and investigates the associated challenges. Secondly, this paper investigates secure and privacy-preserving machine learning methods suitable for the computation of precision health data along with their usage in relevant health projects. Finally, it illustrates the best available techniques for precision health data security and privacy with a conceptual system model that enables compliance, ethics clearance, consent management, medical innovations, and developments in the health domain.
description: 35 pages, 3 figures, 7 tables
Finding Small Proofs for Description Logic Entailments: Theory and Practice (Extended Technical Report)
Creators: name: Alrabbaa, Christian
name: Baader, Franz
name: Borgwardt, Stefan
name: Koopmann, Patrick
name: Kovtunova, Alisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Logic-based approaches to AI have the advantage that their behaviour can in principle be explained by providing their users with proofs for the derived consequences. However, if such proofs get very large, then it may be hard to understand a consequence even if the individual derivation steps are easy to comprehend. This motivates our interest in finding small proofs for Description Logic (DL) entailments. Instead of concentrating on a specific DL and proof calculus for this DL, we introduce a general framework in which proofs are represented as labeled, directed hypergraphs, where each hyperedge corresponds to a single sound derivation step. On the theoretical side, we investigate the complexity of deciding whether a certain consequence has a proof of size at most $n$ along the following orthogonal dimensions: (i) the underlying proof system is polynomial or exponential; (ii) proofs may or may not reuse already derived consequences; and (iii) the number $n$ is represented in unary or binary. We have determined the exact worst-case complexity of this decision problem for all but one of the possible combinations of these options. On the practical side, we have developed and implemented an approach for generating proofs for expressive DLs based on a non-standard reasoning task called forgetting. We have evaluated this approach on a set of realistic ontologies and compared the obtained proofs with proofs generated by the DL reasoner ELK, finding that forgetting-based proofs are often better w.r.t. different measures of proof complexity.
description: Extended version of a paper accepted at LPAR23
SI_V_linear_mixed_effects_models_insects from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Results of linear mixed-effects models on total insect richness and diversity across biogeographic regions and dominant land cover types
Stimulus repetition and sample size considerations in item-level representational similarity analysis
Creators: name: Mazurchuk, Stephen
name: Conant, Lisa L.
name: Tong, Jia-Qing
name: Binder, Jeffrey R.
name: Fernandino, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Space Science
Neuroscience
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: In studies using representational similarity analysis (RSA) of fMRI data, the reliability of the neural representational dissimilarity matrix (RDM) is a limiting factor in the ability to detect neural correlates of a model. A common strategy for boosting neural RDM reliability is to employ repeated presentations of the stimulus set across imaging runs or sessions. However, little is known about how the benefits of stimulus repetition are affected by repetition suppression, or how they compare with the benefits of increasing the number of participants. We examined the effects of these design parameters in two large data sets where participants performed a semantic decision task on visually presented words. We found that reliability gains from stimulus repetition were strongly affected by repetition suppression, both within and across scanning sessions separated by multiple weeks. The results provide new insights into these experimental design choices, particularly for item-level RSA studies of semantic cognition.
AC Loop Current Attacks Against The KLJN Secure Key Exchange Scheme
Creators: name: Melhem, Mutaz
name: Chamon, Christiana
name: Ferdous, Shahriar
name: Kish, Laszlo B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A new attack against the Kirchhoff-Law-Johnson-Noise(KLJN) secure key exchange scheme is introduced. The attack exploits a parasitic (periodic) AC voltage-source at either Alice or Bob ends. Such situations exist due to AC ground loops and electromagnetic interference (EMI). In the low-frequency case, the procedure is the generalized form of the former DC ground loop based attack. In the high-frequency case, the power spectrum of the wire voltage is utilized. The attack is demonstrated in both the low and the high-frequency situations. Defense protocols against the attack are also discussed.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Market Dynamics in Supply Chains: The Impact of Globalisation and Consolidation on Food Companies' Mark-Ups
Creators: name: Kaditi, Eleni A.
name: Kaditi, Eleni A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Price-cost mark-ups
subject: multinational firms
subject: retailing

description: This paper examines whether ownership and increased competitive pressure affect food retailers’ market power, analysing whether all actors involved in the food supply chain deviate from the pricing behaviour that exists under perfect competition. A method proposed by Roeger (1995) is used to estimate price-cost margins, relaxing the assumptions of perfect competition and constant returns to scale. The obtained results show that foreign investments and consolidation have a positive and significant impact on the market power of food processors and retailers. Food processors, agricultural producers and wholesalers have lower price-cost margins than retailers, which suggests that these actors price closer to marginal costs being more concerned with maximising social welfare or that the former have higher costs than retailers. The results are robust to various estimation techniques and specifications.
STRATEGIES DEVELOPED BY LEADING EU AGRI-FOOD COOPERATIVES IN THEIR GROWTH MODEL
Creators: name: Julia-Igual, Juan F.
name: Garcia-Martinez, Gabriel
name: Melia-Marti, Elena
name: Julia-Igual, Juan F.
name: Garcia-Martinez, Gabriel
name: Melia-Marti, Elena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The rationale for this paper is the problem relating to the growth of agricultural cooperatives in Spain in recent years in comparison to increasingly concentrated food distribution, which captures most of the value added. This paper analyses the evolution and status of other countries within Europe where the need for business consolidation has been successfully addressed. For this purpose, there have been identified 7 cases to be studied: Kerry group, Irish Dairy Board, Arla Foods, The Greenery BV, Danish Crown, Agrifirm and DLG. The specific results of interviews with the senior management of this cooperatives were analyzed and organized into four blocks in which the issues raised are grouped (legal and institutional framework, strategic vision, business growth models and market standing). A number of specific aims are also pursued: - Identify the main barriers and problems faced by this type of cooperatives. - Show the strategies developed by leading cooperatives in their sector within the current comparative context. - Become familiar with the different growth models these cooperatives use to achieve and maintain their market standing.
Homology and derived series of groups
Creators: name: Cochran, Tim
name: Harvey, Shelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J06, 57M07, 55P60

description: In 1964, John Stallings established an important relationship between the low-dimensional homology of a group and its lower central series. We establish a similar relationship between the low-dimensional homology of a group and its derived series. We also define a torsion-free-solvable completion of a group that is analogous to the Malcev completion, with the role of the lower central series replaced by the derived series. We prove that the torsion-free-solvable completion is invariant under rational homology equivalence.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol9/paper49.abs.html
Modelling solar irradiance from ground-based photometric observations
Creators: name: Chatzistergos, Theodosios
name: Ermolli, Ilaria
name: Giorgi, Fabrizio
name: Krivova, Natalie A.
name: Puiu, Cosmin Constantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Total solar irradiance (TSI) has been monitored from space since 1978. The measurements show a prominent variability in phase with the solar cycle, as well as fluctuations on timescales shorter than a few days. However, the measurements were done by multiple and usually relatively short-lived missions making the possible long-term trend in the TSI highly uncertain. While the variability in the UV irradiance is clearly in-phase with the solar cycle, the phase of the variability in the visible range has been debated. In this paper, we aim at getting an insight into the long-term trend of TSI since 1996 and the phase of the solar irradiance variations in the visible part of the spectrum. We use independent ground-based full-disc photometric observations in Ca~II~K and continuum from the Rome and San Fernando observatories to compute the TSI since 1996. We follow the empirical San Fernando approach based on the photometric sum index. We find a weak declining trend in the TSI of -7.8$^{+4.9}_{-0.8}\times10^{-3}$ Wm$^{-2}$y$^{-1}$ between the 1996 and 2008 activity minima, while between 2008 and 2019 the reconstructed TSI shows no trend to a marginally decreasing (but statistically insignificant) trend of -0.1$^{+0.25}_{-0.02}\times10^{-3}$ Wm$^{-2}$y$^{-1}$. The reference TSI series used for the reconstruction does not significantly affect the determined trend. The variation in the blue continuum (409.2 nm) is rather flat, while the variation in the red continuum (607.1 nm) is marginally in anti-phase, although this result is extremely sensitive to the accurate assessment of the quiet Sun level in the images. These results provide further insights into the long-term variation of the total solar irradiance. The amplitude of the variations in the visible is below the uncertainties of the processing, which prevents an assessment of the phase of the variations.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Journal of Space Weather and Space Climate as part of the topical issue "Space climate: The past and future of solar activity"
Table_S5_Fauna_Europaea_BOLD_comparison from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The 29 species with no occurrence records for Denmark, Sweden, Norway and Germany in GBIF and www.allearter.dk and associated sequences used for taxonomic assignment. Further comparison with the Fauna Europea database (https://fauna-eu.org/) and the BOLD taxonomy database (https://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_Home) revealed that 17 species did have occurrence data for Sweden, Norway and/or Germany based on the two other databases.
Online evidence for pseudo-relative effects on Italian RC attachment resolution
Creators: name: Lee, So Young
name: De Santo, Aniello
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This study investigates the resolution of relative clause attachment ambiguities, focussing on the availability of Pseudo-Relative Small Clauses (PRs) in Italian. The PR-first hypothesis posits that, when controlling for other factors, PRs are preferred over relative clauses due to their structural simplicity, leading to an apparent preference for “high attachment” in PR-licensing languages. Through a self-paced reading experiment, this study examines how PR availability affects ambiguity resolution in Italian, and how it interacts with locality principles during online sentence processing. We find a significant slowdown in the LA condition with PR-licensing verbs, also tied to lower comprehension accuracy, and unclear evidence for an advantage of LA in non-PR contexts. Overall, our results add support to the PR-first hypothesis for Italian, while opening new questions about the interplay of structural ambiguity, locality, and language-specific properties.
Certification Logos in the Market for Organic Food: What are Consumers Willing to Pay for Different Logos?
Creators: name: Janssen, Meike
name: Hamm, Ulrich
name: Janssen, Meike
name: Hamm, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Organic logos
subject: willingness-to-pay
subject: credence goods
subject: random parameter logit models

description: Organic food is often labelled with an organic certification logo to gain consumer trust in the product integrity. The number of different organic certification logos in the European market raises the question whether consumers prefer specific logos over others. The aim of this paper is to analyse consumers’ willingness-to-pay (WTP) for different organic logos to give recommendations for actors in the organic sector. Choice experiments and structured interviews were conducted with 2,441 consumers of organic food in six European countries. The data was analysed with random parameter logit models. We found great differences between the tested logos regarding the price premium that consumers were willing to pay. The highest WTP was recorded for well-known logos that consumers perceived as credible with high production standards and a strict control system. It is thus recommended for suppliers of organic food to label products with an organic logo preferred by consumers. Organisations owning an organic logo should put effort into measures for increasing consumer awareness of the logo and forming consumer perceptions of the certification scheme behind it.
Estimation of the maximum windshear outflow velocity with the Kalman filter approach
Creators: name: Abolfazl Roostaeiparidari
name: E. Mohajeri
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: A microburst windshear is one of the most dangerous natural phenomena that could cause an airplane to crash specially in landing phase. The purpose of paper is estimation and identification of the maximum outflow velocity of this phenomenon for microburst modeling. However, flight data in practice measure by sensors, in this article, microburst Simulink is used for data production. In the filtering implementation, adding sensors noise could transform the data to information of measurement and using this method effective parameter(s) in the microburst modeling will be recognizable. Kalman Filter performance validation in the estimation of microburst modeling parameters for using it in Simulation or control system design is one of the achievements of this article.
Total Factor Productivity Change of the Swiss Dairy Sector for the Mountain Region in the Period 1999 to 2008
Creators: name: Jan, Pierrick
name: Jan, Pierrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: In view of a probable free trade agreement between Switzerland and the European Union in the agricultural and food sector and as a consequence of their actual low competitiveness in international comparison, Swiss dairy farms are under pressure to increase their productivity. In the present contribution I assess the total factor productivity (TFP) change in the period 1999-2008 of a balanced panel of 118 dairy farms located in the mountain region using the Malmquist productivity index. Particular attention is paid thereby to the issue of deflation quality for monetary input and output variables, and to the consideration of direct payments. The yearly average TFP growth rate of the sample of farms investigated amounts to 1% and is very close to the levels observed in European countries showing some similarities with Switzerland from an agricultural perspective. There seems thus to be some initial evidence that Swiss dairy farms located in the mountain region can keep up with their European counterparts in terms of TFP growth. However, due to the actual productivity gap existing between Swiss farms and their European counterparts, higher TFP growth would be necessary for the Swiss farms to increase their competitiveness in a European comparison.
The time-reversal test for stochastic quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Dowling, Mark R.
name: Drummond, Peter D.
name: Davis, Matthew J.
name: Deuar, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of quantum dynamics is currently a central issue in theoretical physics, with diverse applications ranging from ultra-cold atomic Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) to condensed matter, biology, and even astrophysics. Here we demonstrate a conceptually simple method of determining the regime of validity of stochastic simulations of unitary quantum dynamics by employing a time-reversal test. We apply this test to a simulation of the evolution of a quantum anharmonic oscillator with up to $6.022\times10^{23}$ (Avogadro's number) of particles. This system is realisable as a Bose-Einstein condensate in an optical lattice, for which the time-reversal procedure could be implemented experimentally.
description: revtex4, two figures, four pages
The Effect of Communicating Ambiguous Risk Information on Choice
Creators: name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
name: Melkonyan, Tigran A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: a-Maximin Expected Utility
subject: aggregation of expert opinions
subject: ambiguity
subject: Knightian uncertainty
subject: risk communication
subject: trust in information source

description: Decision makers are frequently confronted with ambiguous risk information about activities with potential hazards. This may be a result of conflicting risk estimates from multiple sources or ambiguous risk information from a single source. The paper considers processing ambiguous risk information and its effect on the behavior of a decision maker with a-maximin expected utility preferences. The effect of imprecise risk information on behavior is related to the content of information, the decision maker’s trust in different sources of information, and his or her aversion to ambiguity.
Finite geometries and diffractive orbits in isospectral billiards
Creators: name: Giraud, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several examples of pairs of isospectral planar domains have been produced in the two-dimensional Euclidean space by various methods. We show that all these examples rely on the symmetry between points and blocks in finite projective spaces; from the properties of these spaces, one can derive a relation between Green functions as well as a relation between diffractive orbits in isospectral billiards.
description: 10 pages
SI_I_Car_net_design from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Car net design
Chart, containing the coasts of California, New Albion, and Russian discoveries to the north, with the peninsula of Kamchatka, in Asia, opposite thereto, and islands, dispersed over the Pacific Ocean to the north of the line
Creators: name: Jefferys, Thomas, -1771
Publisher: name: [London] : Publish'd according to Act of Parliament... by T. Jefferys Geographer to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, at the corner of St. Martin's lane Charing Cross
Year: 2015

description: [1:19 008 000] ; (W 202 degrees 35 minutes-W 116 degrees 45 minutes / N 60 degrees-O degrees).
Tiling generating functions of halved hexagons and quartered hexagons
Creators: name: Lai, Tri
name: Rohatgi, Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 05B45

description: We prove exact product formulas for the tiling generating functions of various halved hexagons and quartered hexagons with defects on boundary. Our results generalize the previous work of the first author and the work of Ciucu.
description: 30 pages. V2: Fixed typos in Theorem 2.2 and Theorem 2.4
Regualtion of intracellular pH in cultured postnatal rat hippocampal neurons : the potential role of a voltage-gated proton conductance
Creators: name: Cheng, Yen May
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: First studied in snail neurons, voltage-gated proton conductances (g[sub H+]) have since been described in a number of cell types. While their presence in mammalian neurons has not been formally shown, previous evidence from our laboratory suggests that a g[subH+] may act to limit the internal acid load imposed by anoxia in rat hippocampal neurons. Thus, in the present study, the potential role of a g[sub H+])in intracellular pH (pH[sub i]) regulation was examined in cultured postnatal rat hippocampal neurons by i) measuring the changes in [Ca²⁺]t and pH[sub i] evoked by membrane depolarization in neurons loaded with Ca²⁺ and/or pH-sensitive ratiometric fluorophores and ii) attempting to isolate H⁺ currents in neurons voltage-clamped in the whole-cell configuration. All experiments were performed under nominally HCO₃⁻/CO₂-free, HEPES-buffered conditions. Consistent with previous reports, under control conditions (3 mM K⁺[sub o], 2 mM Ca²⁺[sub o], , pH[sub o] 7.35, 37°C), exposure to 25 - 139.5 mM [K⁺[sub o]] caused reversible increases and decreases in [Ca²⁺]i and pH[sub i], respectively. Under 0 Ca²⁺[sub 0] conditions, the same stimuli failed to affect [Ca²⁺]i but caused increases in pH[sub i] that were dependent on [K⁺[sub o]] and, thus, membrane voltage. Consistent with the properties of g[sub H+]s in other cell types, the rise in pH[sub i] was sensitive to Zn²⁺and was dependent on the transmembrane pH gradient (ΔpH[sub memb]). Increasing ΔpH[sub memb] by treatment with the protonophore FCCP prior to high [K⁺[sub o]] exposure enhanced both the rise in pH[sub i] and the inhibitory effects of Zn²⁺, suggestive of increased acid extrusion via a g[sub H+]. Under 0 Ca²⁺ 0 , pH[sub o] 7.8 conditions, the inhibitory effects of Zn²⁺ at any given ΔpH[sub memb] were further enhanced, consistent with a pH[sub o]-dependent inhibition of the putative g[sub H+] by Zn²⁺. Additionally, under conditions designed to isolate H⁺ currents, voltage-dependent outward currents that appeared to show some selectivity for protons were recorded from hippocampal neurons. However, perhaps due to technical issues related to the study of H⁺ currents, and in contrast to the results of the microspectrofluorimetric studies, the currents were not sensitive to Zn²⁺ or temperature. Nonetheless, together these results suggest that a g[sub H+] may be present in rat hippocampal neurons and may contribute to H⁺ efflux under depolarizing conditions.
Multi-particle dispersion in fully developed turbulence
Creators: name: Biferale, L.
name: Boffetta, G.
name: Celani, A.
name: Devenish, B.
name: Lanotte, A.
name: Toschi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The statistical geometry of dispersing Lagrangian clusters of four particles (tetrahedra) is studied by means of high-resolution direct numerical simulations of three-dimensional homogeneous isotropic turbulence. We give the first evidence of a self-similar regime of shape dynamics characterized by almost two-dimensional, strongly elongated geometries. The analysis of four-point velocity-difference statistics and orientation shows that inertial-range eddies typically generate a straining field with a strong extensional component aligned with the elongation direction and weak extensional/compressional components in the orthogonal plane.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Trade-Related Policy and Canadian-U.S. Fed Cattle Transactions Basis
Creators: name: Schulz, Lee L.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Ward, Clement E.
name: Schulz, Lee L.
name: Schroeder, Ted C.
name: Ward, Clement E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: basis
subject: Canada
subject: cattle prices
subject: government policy
subject: international trade
subject: market access
subject: transaction prices

description: Price differences among fed cattle prices in Canada and the United States (referred to here as fed cattle basis) are important for Canadian cattle feeders, but changing government regulations in Canada and the United States have made basis more variable. This article uses transaction data from Canadian feedlots to quantify fed cattle price differentials in light of new policy initiatives. Using transaction prices, we find that differing slaughter regulations, labeling laws, and policies affecting access to U.S. markets for Canadian cattle affect fed cattle basis.
Table_S6_15_most_common_insects from Detecting flying insects using car nets and DNA metabarcoding
Creators: name: Svenningsen, Cecilie S.
name: Frøslev, Tobias Guldberg
name: Bladt, Jesper
name: Pedersen, Lene Bruhn
name: Larsen, Jonas Colling
name: Ejrnæs, Rasmus
name: Fløjgaard, Camilla
name: Hansen, Anders Johannes
name: Heilmann-Clausen, Jacob
name: Dunn, Robert R.
name: Tøttrup, Anders P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: 15 ASVs present in 25% of all the car net samples (corresponding to <7% of all sequences) belonging to eight named species and six ASVs that could not be assigned to species level. These are arguably the most common airborne animals in Denmark (at least in June 2018).
The Generalized Carrier-Greenspan Transform for the shallow water system with arbitrary initial and boundary conditions
Creators: name: Rybkin, A.
name: Nicolsky, D.
name: Pelinovsky, E.
name: Buckel, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We put forward a solution to the initial boundary value (IBV) problem for the nonlinear shallow water system in inclined channels of arbitrary cross-section by means of the generalized Carrier-Greenspan hodograph transform (Rybkin et al., 2014). Since the Carrier-Greenspan transform, while linearizing the shallow water system, seriously entangles the IBV in the hodograph plane, all previous solutions required some restrictive assumptions on the IBV conditions, e.g., zero initial velocity, smallness of boundary conditions. For arbitrary non-breaking initial conditions in the physical space, we present an explicit formula for equivalent IBV conditions in the hodograph plane, which can readily be treated by conventional methods. Our procedure, which we call the method of data projection, is based on the Taylor formula and allows us to reduce the transformed IBV data given on curves in the hodograph plane to the equivalent data on lines. Our method works equally well for any inclined bathymetry (not only plane beaches) and, moreover, is fully analytical for U-shaped bays. Numerical simulations show that our method is very robust and can be used to give express forecasting of tsunami wave inundation in narrow bays and fjords
description: Water Waves (2020)
title: Design of Feshbach and Levitation coils for a caesium interferometer with tunable interactions
Creators: name: Honz, Florian
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ultracold atoms
subject: Feshbach resonances
subject: Bose-Einstein condensation

description: The aim of this diploma thesis is to create two sets of coils: One pair of so-called Levitation coils in anti-Helmholtz conguration and one pair of so-called Feshbach coils in Helmholtz conguration. Both will be used in an experiment which has the aim of creating a compact caesium interferometer with tunable interactions based on a ColdQuanta RuBECi system and an atomchip. In this experiment it is necessary to create a caesium BEC in the F = 3, mF = 3 state which can only be achieved with the help of the magnetic elds produced by the Levitation and Feshbach coils. The aim of the Levitation coils is to levitate and hold the atoms in a crossed dipole trap beneath the atomchip against gravity. Therefore a magnetic field gradient of 31.3G/cm is necessary. The magnetic eld of the Feshbach coilsof 10G - 55G on the other hand can be used to tune the scattering length of the atoms. This is necessary not only to be able to create the caesium BEC in the first place but also to control its phase during the interferometric sequence.After assessing the geometrical constraints due to the compactness of the setup it was clear that an ideal (anti-) Helmholtz conguration wasn't possible for either the Levitation or the Feshbach coils. COMSOL Multiphysics was used to set up a simulation to test and evaluate the fields of both pairs of coils. With the help of this simulations the coils were then optimized to find the ideal current, number of windings, thickness of the wire and distance between the coils, so that they stay as close to room temperature as possible while producing the necessary highly stable and homogeneous elds at the position of the BEC. Afterwards a company was hired to manufacture the coils. Once they arrived they were tested in orderto measure their heating and magnetic field. As it turned out the simulations were very accurate regarding the created magnetic elds and also the heating, although it became apparent that the Levitation coils will need external cooling. Once this issue is solved the coils are ready to help creating and controlling the caesium BEC.
Обґрунтування процесу роботи і параметрів двоступеневого подрібнювача зелених кормів для свиней і водоплавної птиці
Creators: name: Bratishko, Viacheslav
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 99901 Agricultural Engineering
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Братішко В.В. Обґрунтування процесу роботи і параметрів двоступеневого подрібнювача зелених кормів для свиней і водоплавної птиці: Дис... канд. техн. наук: 05.05.11 / УААН. Нац. наук. центр «Ін-т механізації та електрифікації сіл. госп-ва». – Глеваха, 2007. – 184 с.
Chart containing part of the Icy Sea with the adjacent coast of Asia and America
Creators: name: Jefferys, Thomas, -1771
Publisher: name: London : Published according to Act of Parliament... by T. Jefferys Geographer to his Royal Highness the Prince of Wales, at the Corner of St. Martins Lane Charing Cross
Year: 2015

description: [1:19 008 000] ; (W 202 degrees 35 minutes-W 107 degrees-35 minutes / N 82 degrees-N 60 degrees).

Coastlines; rivers; route of Capt. Behring 1728, the Russians 1731 and 1732.

Tables with text comparing latitudes observed by Capt. Behring on the coast of Siberia and by Moll and Senex; other text referring to exploration of North America and Asia.

Prime meridians: London (top); Ferro (bottom).

Watermark in left half.

Map extends beyond neat line on the left.

Line title in bottom border centre

In: Coolie Verner Collection, Series 1750-1770
Parity nonconserving observables in thermal neutron capture on a proton
Creators: name: Hyun, C. H.
name: Lee, S. J.
name: Haidenbauer, J.
name: Hong, S. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate parity nonconserving observables in the processes where a neutron is captured on a proton at the threshold energy radiating a photon. Various potential models such as Paris, Bonn and Argonne $v18$ are used for the strong interactions, and the meson-exchange description is employed for the weak interactions between hadrons. The photon polarization $P_γ$ in the unpolarized neutron capture process and photon asymmetry $A_γ$ in the polarized neutron capture process are obtained in terms of the weak meson-nucleon coupling constants. $A_γ$ turns out to be basically insensitive to the employed strong interaction models and thus can be uniquely determined in terms of the weak coupling constants, but $P_γ$ depends significantly on the strong interaction models.
description: 13 pages, 11 eps figures
Measurement of gamma-T with the gamma-T Quads On and Off
Creators: name: Yang, Xi
name: MacLachlan, James
name: Ankenbrandt, Charles M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental procedure for measuring gamma-T has been developed and tested in two different measurements, with the gamma-T quads on and off. The results were compared to MAD calculations. The discrepancy between the measured gamma-T and the calculated gamma-T is less than 5%.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
A Bayesian regularization-backpropagation neural network model for peeling computations
Creators: name: Gouravaraju, Saipraneeth
name: Narayan, Jyotindra
name: Sauer, Roger A.
name: Gautam, Sachin Singh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian regularization-backpropagation neural network (BR-BPNN) model is employed to predict some aspects of the gecko spatula peeling viz. the variation of the maximum normal and tangential pull-off forces and the resultant force angle at detachment with the peeling angle. K-fold cross validation is used to improve the effectiveness of the model. The input data is taken from finite element (FE) peeling results. The neural network is trained with 75% of the FE dataset. The remaining 25% are utilized to predict the peeling behavior. The training performance is evaluated for every change in the number of hidden layer neurons to determine the optimal network structure. The relative error is calculated to draw a clear comparison between predicted and FE results. It is shown that the BR-BPNN model in conjunction with k-fold technique has significant potential to estimate the peeling behavior.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures