cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The long-term biogeochemical fate of C in Subarctic thawing peat plateaus
Creators: name: Kjær, Sigrid Trier
name: Nedkvitne, Nora
name: Westermann, Sebastian
name: Dörsch, Peter
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Global warming causes permafrost to thaw at an unprecedented rate. In Northern Scandinavia, permafrost peat plateaus have been found to decline rapidly during the last decades, releasing old organic carbon to decomposition and runoff. Thawing peat plateaus can partly turn into thermokarst ponds, with consequences for the biogeochemical fate of the released carbon. We investigated carbon degradation of thawing permafrost peat by incubating permafrost peat and thermokarst sediments from three peat plateaus in Northern Norway. The samples were incubated field moist at 10oC for almost one year. Initial decomposition was dominated by CO2 production which strongly responded to oxygen availability, while methane (CH4) production was small. Methane production increased drastically after more than ten months, indicating that thawed permafrost peat has a considerable potential to produce CH4 after a time lag. The cumulative CH4 production of thawed permafrost peat after one year of incubation exceeded that of overlaying active layer peat by up to 641 times, illustrating the potential of thawing subarctic permafrost to act as an additional CH4 source. Comparing laboratory thawed permafrost peat to thermokarst peat revealed remarkable differences in CH4 production, with much higher CH4 production potentials in thermokarst sediments during the first months of incubation and in some samples exceeding CH4 production measured in permafrost peat after one year. This suggests that the potential to produce CH4 increases dramatically with thermokarst formation. Interestingly, thawed permafrost peat produced more DOC over the period of one year than gaseous C (CO2 and CH4), which suggests that hydrological conditions are key to the understanding of the fate of C released from thawing peat plateaus.
description: EGUsphere
A Matched Survey for the Enigmatic Low Radio Frequency Transient ILT J225347+862146
Creators: name: Huang, Yuping
name: Anderson, Marin M.
name: Hallinan, Gregg
name: Lazio, T. Joseph W.
name: Price, Danny C.
name: Sharma, Yashvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovered in 2011 with LOFAR, the $15$ Jy low-frequency radio transient ILT J225347+862146 heralds a potentially prolific population of radio transients at $<100$ MHz. However, subsequent transient searches in similar parameter space yielded no detections. We test the hypothesis that these surveys at comparable sensitivity have missed the population due to mismatched survey parameters. In particular, the LOFAR survey used only $195$ kHz of bandwidth at $60$ MHz while other survey were at higher frequencies or had wider bandwidth. Using $137$ hours of all-sky images from the Owens Valley Radio Observatory Long Wavelength Array (OVRO-LWA), we conduct a narrowband transient search at $\sim10$ Jy sensitivity with timescales from $10$ min to $1$ day and a bandwidth of $722$ kHz at $60$ MHz. To model remaining survey selection effects, we introduce a flexible Bayesian approach for inferring transient rates. We do not detect any transient and find compelling evidence that our non-detection is inconsistent with the detection of ILT J225347+862146. Under the assumption that the transient is astrophysical, we propose two hypotheses that may explain our non-detection. First, the transient population associated with ILT J225347+862146 may have a low all-sky density and display strong temporal clustering. Second, ILT J225347+862146 may be an extreme instance of the fluence distribution, of which we revise the surface density estimate at $15$ Jy to $1.1\times 10^{-7}$ deg$^{-2}$ with a $95\%$ credible interval of $(3.5\times10^{-12}, 3.4\times10^{-7})$ deg$^{-2}$. Finally, we find a previously identified object coincident with ILT J225347+862146 to be an M dwarf at $420$ pc.
description: 24 pages, 11 figures, ApJ accepted
Mechanismen und Ursachen von Stromfehlverteilungen zwischen parallelen Hochvolt-IGBT
Creators: name: Werner, Robin Marián
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 621.3 Electrical Engineering, Electronics

description: Zwischen parallelen IGBT treten Stromfehlverteilungen auf. Diese Fehlverteilungen haben einen Einfluss auf die Leistungsfähigkeit der Parallelschaltung. In dieser Arbeit werden für verschiedene Situation Mechanismen beschrieben, die zu Stromfehlverteilungen führen. Die betrachteten Situationen sind der Durchlass bei statischem und veränderlichem Laststrom, das Ein- sowie Ausschalten der Halbleiter, die Kurzschlussfälle I und II und das Abschalten eines Kurzschlussstroms. Für diese Situationen werden, neben der Beschreibung der Mechanismen, untersucht, wodurch diese ausgelöst werden.
title: A Study on Human Evacuation Behavior Involving Individuals with Disabilities in a Building
Creators: name: Gaire, Nirdosh
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: The individuals with disabilities are disproportionately vulnerable to hazards. However, there is very little research inquiry focused on evacuation environments and the behavior of individuals with disabilities. The most widely applied computational method used to study how effective the built environment facilities emergency evacuations in individuals-based modeling. Current pedestrian evacuation models rarely include individuals with disabilities in their simulated populations due to there being very few empirical studies of the evacuation behavior of individuals with disabilities. As a result, the models do not replicate accurate patterns of pedestrian or evacuation behavior of a heterogeneous population, which results in the evacuation needs of individuals with disabilities being generally overlooked.
To begin addressing this limitation, our research group at Utah State University (USU) has performed empirical research to observe the microscopic evacuation behavior of individuals with disabilities in heterogeneous population contexts. The purpose of this research was to: (1) develop and analyze evacuation curves to understand and assess evacuation strategies for heterogeneous populations, and (2) analyze the microscopic behavior of evacuees at exit doors necessary for developing credible and valid pedestrian and evacuation models. Doing so will contribute to evacuation models which replicate accurate patterns of pedestrian and evacuation behavior of heterogeneous populations, leading to the consideration of the evacuation needs of individuals with disabilities.
Political geographic implications of transnational resource management
Creators: name: Wilson, Gordon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: There is a growing concern among both scholars and laymen for the diminishing resources of the world. This thesis examines the political geographic implications of transnational resource management. The hypothesis is a dual one: firstly, that man's past and present uses of transnational resources have led, in some cases, to the necessity for international political control, and secondly, that problems related to transnational resource management have been, for the most part, ignored by political geographers, but should be the subject of future research. The use of three transnational resources is reviewed: the blue whale, the North Pacific salmon, and the polar bear. Through an examination of the past uses of the blue whale, and the International Whaling Commission's lack of legislative powers, a case is built supporting the hypothesis. This case is further supported by the past uses of the North Pacific salmon, and the on-going dispute between the American and Japanese governments. Lastly, the Federal Provincial authority established to regulate the hunting of polar bear adds further support to the hypothesis. A brief look back into the discipline establishes this thesis as part of the environmental concerns within geography, and the material presented in the text clearly shows the political geographic implications of the problems of transnational resource management. The results of the inquiry would suggest that there is a need for further political geographic research on similar topics, and that man's past and present uses of transnational resources have, in fact, led to the necessity for international political control for these resources at least. There is, however, no claim made to the feasibility of such an international authority. The urgency for enforceable legislation is, nevertheless, clearly evident.
title: Information Transfer and Regulation in a Model Ecosystem with Environmental Stochasticity
Creators: name: McKee, M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: The concept of regulation in ecosystems has been given considerable attention in the ecological literature, but no formal treatment has been offered. This study proposes a rigorous definition of regulation which is derived from the mathematics of information and communication theory. A theoretical, mathematical equivalent of the definition is also offered which implies serious limitations as to the value of most traditional laboratory population studies and deterministic population models in understanding regulation in ecosystems. The empirical validity of this theoretical equivalence is tested through use of a competition model of two diatoms. Other observations concerning the relationship between environmental variability and regulation are also reported.
Density-Dependent Analysis of Nonequilibrium Paths Improves Free Energy Estimates
Creators: name: Minh, David D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a system is driven out of equilibrium by a time-dependent protocol that modifies the Hamiltonian, it follows a nonequilibrium path. Samples of these paths can be used in nonequilibrium work theorems to estimate equilibrium quantities, such as free energy differences. Here, we consider analyzing paths generated with one protocol using another one. It is posited that analysis protocols which minimize the lag, the difference between the nonequilibrium and the instantaneous equilibrium densities, will reduce the dissipation of reprocessed trajectories and lead to better free energy estimates. Indeed, when minimal lag analysis protocols based on exactly soluble propagators or relative entropies are applied to several test cases, substantial gains in the accuracy and precision of estimated free energy differences are observed.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures. Expanded and clarified from original version. To appear in J. Chem. Phys
A study of the low-mass X-ray binary dip sources XB 1916-053, XB 1323-619, X 1624-490 and 4U 1746-371 observed with INTEGRAL
Creators: name: Balman, Solen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We detect dipping activity/modulations in the light curve of the four LMXBs in the 3--10 keV and 20--40 keV energy ranges. The spectral parameters derived from the fits to the INTEGRAL data are consistent with hot coronal structures in these systems where we find a range of plasma temperatures 3.0--224.9 keV. The unabsorbed X-ray to soft Gamma-ray flux between 4--200 keV are 5.9$\times 10^{-10}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ for XB 1916-053, 3.3$\times 10^{-10}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ for XB 1323-619, 21.6$\times 10^{-10}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ for X 1624-490 and 11.0$\times 10^{-10}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{-2}$ for 4U 1746-371. The optical depth to Compton scattering, $τ$, varies in a range 4.4--0.002 consistent with electron densities $n_e$ $
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables, accepted as it stands in the Astronomical Journal
A detailed understanding of the rotation-activity relationship using the 300 Myr old open cluster NGC 3532
Creators: name: Fritzewski, D. J.
name: Barnes, S. A.
name: James, D. J.
name: Järvinen, S. P.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coeval stars of young open clusters provide insights into the formation of the rotation-activity relationship that elude studies of multi-age field populations. We measure the chromospheric activity of cool stars in the 300 Myr old open cluster NGC 3532 in concert with their rotation periods to study the mass-dependent morphology of activity for this transitional coeval population. Using multi-object spectra of the Ca ii infrared triplet region obtained with the AAOmega spectrograph at the Anglo- Australian Telescope, we measure the chromospheric emission ratios for 454 FGKM cluster members of NGC 3532. The morphology of activity against colour appears to be a near-mirror image of the cluster's rotational behaviour. In particular, we identify a group of 'desaturated transitional rotators' that branches off from the main group of unsaturated FGK slow rotators, and from which it is separated by an 'activity gap'. The few desaturated gap stars are identical to the ones in the rotational gap. Nevertheless, the rotation-activity diagram is completely normal. In fact, the relationship is so tight that it allows us to predict rotation periods for many additional stars. We then precisely determine these periods from our photometric light curves. Our activity measurements show that all fast rotators of near-solar mass have evolved to become slow rotators, demonstrating that the absence of fast rotators in a colour-period diagram is not a detection issue but an astrophysical fact. We also identify a new population of low-activity stars among the early M dwarfs, enabling us to populate the extended slow rotator sequence in the colour-period diagram. The joint analysis of chromospheric activity and photometric time series data thus enables comprehensive insights into the evolution of the rotation and activity of stars during the transitional phase between the Pleiades and Hyades age. (Abridged)
description: A&A in press, 13+4 pages, 7+3 figures, 2 tables
Resilience in animal care professions : does the stress shield model fit?
Creators: name: Cushing, NL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Animal care professionals can experience adverse psychological outcomes due to their work, therefore research exploring supporting resilience in this population is needed. This study investigated the capacity of the Stress Shield Model to explain relationships between individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors with outcomes in resilience and adaptive capacity in animal care professionals. Empowerment was hypothesised to mediate these relationships. Australian and New Zealand participants (N = 393) from multiple animal care occupations completed an online survey measuring conscientiousness, coping, team and leader relationships, job demands, organisational resources, growth, resilience, and job satisfaction. Results indicated the Stress Shield Model can partially explain relationships between individual, interpersonal, and organisational factors and resilience and adaptive capacity in animal care professionals, and empowerment partially mediated the effect of organisational resources on growth. Problem-approach coping positively precited resilience and growth; conversely, emotion-avoidant coping negatively precited these outcomes. Conscientiousness positively predicted resilience and negatively predicted job satisfaction. Team relationships positively predicted growth and resilience, while leader-member relationships positively predicted job satisfaction. Organisational resources positively predicted resilience, growth, and job satisfaction, conversely job demands predicted reductions across these outcomes. Findings indicate supporting resilience and adaptive capacity in animal care professionals requires fostering individual, interpersonal, and organisational resources.
High Arctic freshwaters as emitters of greenhouse gases
Creators: name: Valiente, Nicolas
name: Popp, Andrea
name: Dörsch, Peter
name: Fontaine, Laurent
name: Hessen, Dag O.
name: Kjær, Sigrid Trier
name: Sundal, Anja
name: Eiler, Alexander
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Climate change is causing temperatures in the Arctic to rise faster than in any other region of the world. This rapid warming leads, among other effects, to the massive loss of ice masses, development of thermokarst features when permafrost thaws, intensification of the hydrological cycle, and increasing loads of nutrients and organic carbon to surface waters. Freshwaters are highly sensitive to these changes, which affect microbial community composition and diversity. Therefore, these ecosystems are good sentinels to study processes in primary ecological succession related to ecosystem processes such as productivity and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. With this study, we aim to contribute to a deeper understanding of the linkages between biogeochemistry and hydrology in High Arctic freshwaters. To this end, we sampled various water sources (e.g., lakes and streams) in two High Arctic catchments (Bayelva and Lovénbreen, in Svalbard in July 2021) for the analysis of GHGs (CH4, CO2, N2O), noble gases (radon-222, argon-40), major ions, stable water isotopes (δD and δ18O) and nutrients (organic C, organic -P and organic -N). We used Ar-corrected gas saturation of each GHG as a proxy of net metabolic changes, while tracers such as stable water isotopes help to disentangle water source contributions. Our first results show that lakes and streams were oversaturated in CO2 as well as N2O but slightly undersaturated in O2, suggesting higher respiration activity than primary production. Our data also indicate a  strong oversaturation in CH4 in lakes, but not in streams. Moreover, we used microbial mineralization of organic matter as a proxy for GHG production. We found similar concentrations of total organic C and N in both lakes and streams and significantly higher concentrations of total P in streams than in lakes. This work furthers our knowledge of the current state of High Arctic freshwaters and helps to predict future effects of climate change impacts on GHG evasion.
description: EGUsphere
Toward Efficient Removal of Organic Pollutants in Water: A Tremella-Like Iron Containing Metal-Organic Framework in Fenton oxidation
Creators: name: Liu, Jiyang
name: Yu, Haojie
name: Wang, Li
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: The treatment of waste water containing organic pollutants has become a serious issue, and one of the advanced oxidation process, Fenton oxidation is recognized as an ideal way owing to its universality and environmental friendliness, thus efficient and economic catalysts are in great demand. Herein by incorporating Fe2+ containing compound as ligand, a tremella-like iron containing metal-organic framework (TFMOF) was synthesized with zirconium acetate and 1,1 '-ferrocene-dicarboxylic acid though a facile solvothermal method. The TFMOF combined the merits of both ferrocene moiety with well dispersed Fe2+ sites in molecular level and MOF films with large surface areas and exposed sites. And the morphology and crystal structure of TFMOF were characterized by SEM, TEM, XRD and XPS. Moreover, employed as an effective catalyst in Fenton oxidation, over 99%, 95% and 97% of rhodamine B, methyl orange and reactive black V were rapidly degraded without the assistance of additional irradiation, and degradation conditions like pH, H2O2 and initial pollutant concentrations as well as the reaction kinetic was investigated, indicating the hydroxyl radical generated in the presence of TFMOF and H2O2 was able to degrade the pollutants into non-toxic molecular. Besides, the catalytic activity of TFMOF maintained well after three cycles. The good activity and universality of TFMOF make it a promising catalyst for the treatment of waste water.
Additional file 1 of Educational and personal impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on emergency medicine resident physicians: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Fults, Elyse
name: Gerwin, Jeffrey N.
name: Boyce, Michael W.
name: Joseph, Melissa
name: Wong, Ambrose H.
name: Evans, Leigh V.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
title: Identifying the Underlying Components of Delay Discounting Using Latent Factor Modeling
Creators: name: DeHart, W. Brady
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Many problematic behaviors can be conceptualized as choosing a smaller, immediate outcome over a larger, delayed outcome. For example, drug abuse involves choosing between the immediate euphoric effects of the drug and the delayed health and legal consequences of drug abuse. Individuals that consistently choose the smaller outcome are said to behavior “impulsively.” The goal of this dissertation was to understand how to change impulsive choice. Chapters 2 and 3 successfully demonstrate that impulsive choice can be altered by reframing how the choice is presented. For example, framing a delayed outcome using a specific date instead of a duration of time (e.g., 1 year) reduced impulsive choice. However, these findings do not explain why impulsive choice changed. The goal of Chapter 4 was to identify the underlying processes that result in impulsive choice with the hopes that by understanding these processes, impulsive choice can be reduced. Latent factor modeling was used to understand the role if three proposed processes in impulsive choice: marginal utility, cardinal utility, and nonlinear time perception. The results of the latent factor model indicated that nonlinear time perception does relate to how delayed outcomes are valued but not marginal utility and cardinal utility.
High off-season nitrous oxide emissions negate potential soil C-gain from cover crops in boreal cereal cropping
Creators: name: Dörsch, Peter
name: Sturite, Ievina
name: Kjær, Sigrid Trier
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Enhancing carbon storage in managed soils through increased use of cover and catch crops in cereal cropping is at the heart of a carbon-negative agriculture. However, increased C storage by additional biomass production has a nitrogen cost, both in form of increased N fertilizer use and by potentially increasing nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions when cover crops decay. Frost-sensitive, N-rich aboveground biomass may be a particular problem during wintertime, as it may fuel off season N2O emissions during freezing-thawing cycles, which have been shown to dominate the annual N2O budget of many temperate and boreal sites. Here we report growing season and winter N2O emissions in a plot experiment in SE Norway, testing a barley production system with seven different catch and cover crops (perennial and Italian ryegrass, oilseed radish, summer and winter vetch, phacelia and an herb mixture) against a control without cover crops. Cover crops where either undersown in spring or established after harvesting barley. While ryegrass undersown to barley marginally reduced N2O emissions during the growing season, freeze-thaw cycles in winter resulted in significantly larger N2O emissions in treatments with N-rich cover crops (oilseed reddish, vetch) and Italian ryegrass. N2O budgets will be presented relative to aboveground yield and quality of cover crops and compared to potential souil organic carbon gains.
description: EGUsphere
A statistical procedure for the identification of positrons in the PAMELA experiment
Creators: name: Adriani, O.
name: Barbarino, G. C.
name: Bazilevskaya, G. A.
name: Bellotti, R.
name: Boezio, M.
name: Bogomolov, E. A.
name: Bonechi, L.
name: Bongi, M.
name: Bonvicini, V.
name: Borisov, S.
name: Bottai, S.
name: Bruno, A.
name: Cafagna, F.
name: Campana, D.
name: Carbone, R.
name: Carlson, P.
name: Casolino, M.
name: Castellini, G.
name: Consiglio, L.
name: De Pascale, M. P.
name: De Santis, C.
name: De Simone, N.
name: Di Felice, V.
name: Galper, A. M.
name: Gillard, W.
name: Grishantseva, L.
name: Hofverberg, P.
name: Jerse, G.
name: Koldashov, S. V.
name: Krutkov, S. Y.
name: Kvashnin, A. N.
name: Leonov, A.
name: Malvezzi, V.
name: Marcelli, L.
name: Menn, W.
name: Mikhailov, V. V.
name: Mocchiutti, E.
name: Monaco, A.
name: Mori, N.
name: Nikonov, N.
name: Osteria, G.
name: Papini, P.
name: Pearce, M.
name: Picozza, P.
name: Ricci, M.
name: Ricciarini, S. B.
name: Rossetto, L.
name: Simon, M.
name: Sparvoli, R.
name: Spillantini, P.
name: Stozhkov, Y. I.
name: Vacchi, A.
name: Vannuccini, E.
name: Vasilyev, G.
name: Voronov, S. A.
name: Wu, J.
name: Yurkin, Y. T.
name: Zampa, G.
name: Zampa, N.
name: Zverev, V. G.
name: Marinucci, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PAMELA satellite experiment has measured the cosmic-ray positron fraction between 1.5 GeV and 100 GeV. The need to reliably discriminate between the positron signal and proton background has required the development of an ad hoc analysis procedure. In this paper, a method for positron identification is described and its stability and capability to yield a correct background estimate is shown. The analysis includes new experimental data, the application of three different fitting techniques for the background sample and an estimate of systematic uncertainties due to possible inaccuracies in the background selection. The new experimental results confirm both solar modulation effects on cosmic-rays with low rigidities and an anomalous positron abundance above 10 GeV.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables
The impact of snow cover changes on source water contributions and associated biogeochemical cycling in high latitude catchments
Creators: name: Popp, Andrea
name: Valiente, Nicolas
name: Aalstad, Kristoffer
name: Kjær, Sigrid Trier
name: Dörsch, Peter
name: Eiler, Alexander
name: Hessen, Dag O.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: High latitude regions are experiencing global warming more rapidly and significantly than any other region of the Earth. A warmer climate has already severely altered the cryosphere. Cryospheric changes such as snowpack reduction are known to be strongly coupled with the entire hydrologic cycle. However, relatively little is known about the nexus between snow cover changes, source water contributions to groundwater and surface water bodies and associated biogeochemical cycling in aquatic systems. 

To better understand the rapid changes occurring in cold region environments, we obtained field- and satellite-derived data from two sub-arctic catchments (one glaciated, one unglaciated) in the north-western corner of the Hardangervidda mountain plateau (South Central  Norway). During 2020 and 2021, we analyzed various water sources including streams, lakes, groundwater, snow and ice for environmental tracers (major ions, stable water isotopes, radon-222) and greenhouse gases (GHG; CO2, CH4 and N2O). Combining the environmental tracer data with a Bayesian end-member mixing modelling approach (Popp et al., 2019) allowed us to partition water source contributions to streams and lakes. Moreover, we used the noble gas radon to assess hyporheic exchange flow and short water residence times (Popp et al., 2021). To estimate snow cover anomalies in 2020 and 2021 compared to a five-year mean, we retrieved fractional snow cover durations (fSCDs) from 2016 to 2021 by merging Sentinel-2 and Landsat 8 imagery over Finse and applying a spectral unmixing algorithm (Aalstad et al., 2020). 

According to the satellite-derived data, 2020 was exceptionally snow-rich, while 2021 was a snow-poor year. Initial results suggest that the snow-poor year (2021) resulted in comparatively longer groundwater and stream water residence times. As expected, in 2021, surface waters and groundwaters showed lower fractions of snow and ice meltwater. This signal is, however, less pronounced in the unglaciated catchment. With this approach, we aim to hone our understanding of the response of water source partitioning and associated biogeochemical cycling, particularly greenhouse gas concentrations, to climate change-induced alterations in the snowpack.
description: EGUsphere
title: The Effects of Serial Testing Upon the Results of the Standford-Binet Tests of Intelligence
Creators: name: McCullough, Betsey Rogers
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1948

description: The revised Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale probably is the best instrument we now have for measuring the general intelligence of young people. Using this scale we can foretell to a large degree a child's future mental growth; and with this knowledge as an important part of the total knowledge needed for prediction, we can more scientifically plan his further education and his vocational choice.
Finite element modelling of hollow core concrete slabs
Creators: name: Lau, AWL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Cobiax AG is a company who specialises in the design and manufacture of large span concrete flat-slab systems with internal spherical void formers. The internal spherical void formers aim to displace the dead load in the neutral zone of the concrete, hence reducing its dead load. This technology has been used in Europe for over a decade, however the use of Cobiax in Australia remains scarce. This may be due to the fact that Cobiax AG has not provided any scientific data to back up their claims; a serious issue which is addressed in this thesis. This thesis examines the benefits of Cobiax optimised slabs using a finite element (FE) method. Strand7 (2010) FE analysis software and Rhinoceros4 (2010) was used to carry out this study. Solid and Cobiax slabs were modelled in Strand7 and cross-analysed to explore their relative merits. Parameters that were of interest included: the slab's short-term elastic deflections; steel tension stresses; and concrete compressive stresses. The sustainability benefits of using Cobiax were also explored. It was found that Cobiax displayed up to 10% reductions across all parameters explored compared to solid slabs. Further, Cobiax optimised slabs significantly reduced carbon emissions when compared to solid slabs.
A Simple Time-Dependent Method for Calculating Spirals: Applications to Eccentric Planets in Protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
name: Zhang, Raymond M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spirals in protoplanetary discs have been used to locate the potential planet in discs. Since only the spiral shape from a circularly orbiting perturber is known, most previous works assume that the planet is in a circular orbit. We develop a simple semi-analytical method to calculate the shape of the spirals launched by an eccentric planet. We assume that the planet emits wavelets during its orbit, and the wave fronts of these propagating wavelets form the spirals. The resulting spiral shape from this simple method agrees with numerical simulations exceptionally well. The spirals excited by an eccentric planet can detach from the planet, bifurcate, or even cross each other, which are all reproduced by this simple method. The spiral's bifurcation point corresponds to the wavelet that is emitted when the planet's radial speed reaches the disc's sound speed. Multiple spirals can be excited by an eccentric planet (more than 5 spirals when $e\gtrsim0.2$). The pitch angle and pattern speed are different between different spirals and can vary significantly across one spiral. The spiral wakes launched by high-mass eccentric planets steepen to spiral shocks and the crossing of spiral shocks leads to distorted or broken spirals. With the same mass, a more eccentric planet launches weaker spirals and induces a shallower gap over a long period of time. The observed unusually large/small pitch angles of some spirals, the irregular multiple spirals, and the different pattern speeds between different spirals may suggest the existence of eccentric perturbers in protoplanetary discs.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Another notion of recursiveness
Creators: name: Yeung, Stella Mei-Yee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The notion of recursiveness is treated in a model-theoretical way by using a particular instance of Kreisel's definition of 'invariant definability'. Naming the chosen notion 'finite describability', a number of basic definitions and properties are defined and proved. As one would expect, these properties coincide with the ones for recursion theory. The equivalences of finite describability and recursiveness bring model theory and recursion theory slightly together.
Digital simulation of zero-temperature spontaneous symmetry breaking in a superconducting lattice processor
Creators: name: Hu, Chang-Kang
name: Xie, Guixu
name: Poulsen, Kasper
name: Zhou, Yuxuan
name: Chu, Ji
name: Liu, Chilong
name: Zhou, Ruiyang
name: Yuan, Haolan
name: Shen, Yuecheng
name: Liu, Song
name: Zinner, Nikolaj T.
name: Tan, Dian
name: Santos, Alan C.
name: Yu, Dapeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulators are ideal platforms to investigate quantum phenomena that are inaccessible through conventional means, such as the limited resources of classical computers to address large quantum systems or due to constraints imposed by fundamental laws of nature. Here, through a digitized adiabatic evolution, we report an experimental simulation of antiferromagnetic (AFM) and ferromagnetic (FM) phase formation induced by spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) in a three-generation Cayley tree-like superconducting lattice. We develop a digital quantum annealing algorithm to mimic the system dynamics, and observe the emergence of signatures of SSB-induced phase transition through a connected correlation function. We demonstrate that the signature of phase transition from classical AFM to quantum FM happens in systems undergoing zero-temperature adiabatic evolution with only nearest-neighbor interacting systems, the shortest range of interaction possible. By harnessing properties of the bipartite Renyi entropy as an entanglement witness, we observe the formation of entangled quantum FM and AFM phases. Our results open perspectives for new advances in condensed matter physics and digitized quantum annealing.
SU Lyn -- a transient symbiotic star
Creators: name: Ilkiewicz, Krystian
name: Mikolajewska, Joanna
name: Scaringi, Simone
name: Teyssier, Francois
name: Stoyanov, Kiril A.
name: Fratta, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SU Lyn is a binary system composed of a white dwarf and a red giant star. Although it is known to be bright and variable at X-ray wavelengths, the optical counterpart of the source appeared as a single red giant without prominent emission lines. Because of the lack of optical features typical for interacting systems, the system was classified as a hidden symbiotic star. We present the results of optical monitoring of the system. While SU Lyn did not show substantial photometric variability, the spectroscopic observations revealed a complex behavior. The system showed strong emission line variability, including P Cygni profiles, changing line emission environments, and variable reddening. Both X-ray and optical observations indicate that the components of SU Lyn were interacting only for a short time during the last twelve years of monitoring. For the first time we showed that SU Lyn resembled a classical symbiotic star when it was X-ray bright, and remained hidden afterwards. We also discuss the current evolutionary status of the red giant, as well as possible future evolution of the system. We suggest that SU Lyn could be a progenitor of a classical, persistent symbiotic system.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
title: Effect of Mild Water Stress and Enhanced Ultraviolet-B Irradiation on Leaf Growth of Rumex obtusifolius L. and Rumex patientia L. (Polygonaceae).
Creators: name: Holman, Steven R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1981

description: Leaves of Rumex obtusifolius L. and R. patientia L.were exposed to combinations of mild water stress and enhanced ultraviolet-B irradiation during their ontogeny. Two UV-B treatments (enhanced UV-B and control) and three water stress treatments (-0.0 MPa, -0.2 MPa and -0.4 MPa rooting medium matric potentials) were employed. The impact of the stress interaction was assessed on the basis of changes in leaf area, average adaxial epidermal cell size, and total number of adaxial epidermal cells per leaf. Although the level of UV-B irradiation applied was insufficient to significantly alter leaf growth at any given water stress, UV-B did interact with water stress to alter the pattern o= plant response to water stress. The interaction was only apparent when the water stress was greater than -0.2 MPa root matric potential. For both species UV-B irradiation exacerbated the depression of leaf growth due to -0.4 MPa water stress. For R. obtusifolius the basis of the reduction in leaf growth was likely a reduction in the rate of cell division during the early phase of leaf growth. For R. patientia the effect of the interaction on cell division was less clear. Cell expansion was not directly affected by UV-B irradiation in either species, although the reduction in cell size with increasing water stress was apparent. In terrestrial ecosystems, mild water stress is a common occurrence and with predicted anthropogenic modifications of the atmospheric ozone layer, UV-B radiation reaching the earth's surface can be expected to increase. The effect or. higher plants of the stress interaction may thus be of considerable significance under natural conditions.
title: The Influence of Teaching Experience Upon School Counselors
Creators: name: Allen, John Whorton
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1969

description: The increased demand for more school counselors since World War II raised many questions concerning their preparation and training. One of the most controversial topics has been that of requiring teaching experience as a prerequisite for counselor certification. We find ourselves in a milieu of controversy in which some advocates are proposing that teaching experience can handicap the counselor in his effectiveness while others are saying that teaching experience is a vital prerequisite for counselor effectiveness.
An exploration of dyadic interpersonal goals, psychological well-being, sexual distress, and relationship and sexual satisfaction in endometriosis
Creators: name: McKay, CL
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Endometriosis affects women of reproductive age. Besides the physical limitations of the illness, such as dyspareunia and pelvic pain, it infiltrates other aspects of women's life inclusive of psychological difficulties, sexual difficulties, and relational distress. Despite the relational context of endometriosis, interpersonal goals have not been studied in couples living with endometriosis. Through a dyadic lens, the current study aimed to examine the role relationship goals play in psychological health, sexual and relationship satisfaction, and sexual distress for couples living with endometriosis. Utilising a cross-sectional design, 61 couples completed an online survey including measures of relationship satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, depressive, anxious, and stress symptoms, and sexual distress. The study results indicated that, for women, their own and their partners' relationship approach goals influenced their sexual satisfaction and their partners' relationship avoidance goals increased their sexual distress. For partners, their own relationship approach goals increased their relationship satisfaction and women's low sexual distress increased their sexual satisfaction. Relationship avoidance goals in both women and partners increased relationship satisfaction. Severe symptoms of depression and anxiety were evident for women and mild symptoms seen in their partners. High sexual distress was observed in both members of the couple. The study's findings implicate interpersonal goals as relevant to the relational and sexual experience of couples living with endometriosis. Furthermore, endometriosis negatively impacts on the couples' relationship, psychological, and sexual wellbeing. When treating women with endometriosis, the inclusion of partners and consideration of factors beyond the physical illness are crucial to the holistic management of endometriosis.
Additional file 1 of Effects of Holistically Conceptualised School-Based Interventions on Children’s Physical Literacy, Physical Activity, and Other Outcomes: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Jerebine, Alethea
name: Arundell, Lauren
name: Watson-Mackie, Kimberley
name: Keegan, Richard
name: Jurić, Petra
name: Dudley, Dean
name: Ridgers, Nicola D.
name: Salmon, Jo
name: Barnett, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Evaluation of the Information and Communications Technology (ICT) culture applied to the webpages of the hotel industry in the Tarahumara Sierra, Chihuahua, Mexico
Creators: name: Desplas, Nathalie
name: Sotelo, Manuel
name: Vargas, Elva Esther
Publisher: name: Journal of Tourism & Development
Year: 2014

description: Tourism is a fundamental sector of services that seeks to satisfy the wants and needs of local population and tourists. Even though Mexico is positively affected by this activity with its sea and sun proposal, the ecotourism in the Tarahumara Sierra of Chihuahua, Mexico, yields poor results that must be analyzed. The following research pretends to illustrate the lack of ICT culture in the hotel of such region. For instance, from 126 hotels, exclusively 26 have a website allowing the analysis of scientific content. For the purposes of this study and the problems detected, the current methodology reviews existing hotels’ models, in keeping with the requirements as set out by experts of digital media (Christou & Sigala, 2006; Luna, 2012; Garrido & Padilla, 2011) and allows the appropriate selection of pillars from the Webqual model (Loiacano, Watson & Goodhue, 2007). Further interviews with local experts permit the authors to reduce these pillars and to analyze the relevant webpages’ content. The findings identify the limitations of the hotels and the urgent necessity to redesign their web pages to attract tourism. Finally, the following paper intends to help hoteliers to elaborate a policy on digital promotion which is expected to increase tourism and through this, to improve the socioeconomic development of the local community.
description: Journal of Tourism & Development, vol. 2 n.º 21/22 (2014)
Energy-scaling behavior of intrinsic transverse momentum parameters in Drell-Yan simulation
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analysis is presented based on models of the intrinsic transverse momentum (intrinsic $k_\mathrm{T}$) of partons in nucleons by studying the dilepton transverse momentum in Drell-Yan events. Using parameter tuning in event generators and existing data from fixed-target experiments and from hadron colliders, our investigation spans three orders of magnitude in center-of-mass energy and two orders of magnitude in dilepton invariant mass. The results show an energy-scaling behavior of the intrinsic $k_\mathrm{T}$ parameters, independent of the dilepton invariant mass at a given center-of-mass energy.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and the DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/GEN-22-001 (CMS Public Pages)
Additional file 1 of Oncogenic ACSM6 impairs CD8+ T cell-based immune response in bladder cancer
Creators: name: Nie, Zhenyu
name: Liu, Bolong
name: Liu, Jinhui
name: Zu, Xiongbing
name: Wang, Juanhua
name: Chen, Jinbo
name: Fan, Benyi
name: Deng, Dingshan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplementary Material 1
Additional file 1 of Does the use of Acellular Dermal Matrices (ADM) in women undergoing pre-pectoral implant-based breast reconstruction increase operative success versus non-use of ADM in the same setting? A systematic review
Creators: name: Cook, Hannah I.
name: Glynou, Sevasti P.
name: Sousi, Sara
name: Zargaran, David
name: Hamilton, Stephen
name: Mosahebi, Afshin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Molecular Biology
Cancer

description: Supplementary Information 1
Power Control in Two-Tier Femtocell Networks
Creators: name: Chandrasekhar, Vikram
name: Andrews, Jeffrey G.
name: Muharemovic, Tarik
name: Shen, Zukang
name: Gatherer, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In a two tier cellular network -- comprised of a central macrocell underlaid with shorter range femtocell hotspots -- cross-tier interference limits overall capacity with universal frequency reuse. To quantify near-far effects with universal frequency reuse, this paper derives a fundamental relation providing the largest feasible cellular Signal-to-Interference-Plus-Noise Ratio (SINR), given any set of feasible femtocell SINRs. We provide a link budget analysis which enables simple and accurate performance insights in a two-tier network. A distributed utility-based SINR adaptation at femtocells is proposed in order to alleviate cross-tier interference at the macrocell from cochannel femtocells. The Foschini-Miljanic (FM) algorithm is a special case of the adaptation. Each femtocell maximizes their individual utility consisting of a SINR based reward less an incurred cost (interference to the macrocell). Numerical results show greater than 30% improvement in mean femtocell SINRs relative to FM. In the event that cross-tier interference prevents a cellular user from obtaining its SINR target, an algorithm is proposed that reduces transmission powers of the strongest femtocell interferers. The algorithm ensures that a cellular user achieves its SINR target even with 100 femtocells/cell-site, and requires a worst case SINR reduction of only 16% at femtocells. These results motivate design of power control schemes requiring minimal network overhead in two-tier networks with shared spectrum.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, Revised and resubmitted to the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications