cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How to form planetesimals from mm-sized chondrules and chondrule aggregates
Creators: name: Carrera, Daniel
name: Johansen, Anders
name: Davies, Melvyn B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The size distribution of asteroids and Kuiper belt objects in the solar system is difficult to reconcile with a bottom-up formation scenario due to the observed scarcity of objects smaller than $\sim$100 km in size. Instead, planetesimals appear to form top-down, with large $100-1000$ km bodies forming from the rapid gravitational collapse of dense clumps of small solid particles. In this paper we investigate the conditions under which solid particles can form dense clumps in a protoplanetary disk. We use a hydrodynamic code to model the interaction between solid particles and the gas inside a shearing box inside the disk, considering particle sizes from sub-millimeter-sized chondrules to meter-sized rocks. We find that particles down to millimeter sizes can form dense particle clouds through the run-away convergence of radial drift known as the streaming instability. We make a map of the range of conditions (strength of turbulence, particle mass-loading, disk mass, and distance to the star) which are prone to producing dense particle clumps. Finally, we estimate the distribution of collision speeds between mm-sized particles. We calculate the rate of sticking collisions and obtain a robust upper limit on the particle growth timescale of $\sim$$10^5$ years. This means that mm-sized chondrule aggregates can grow on a timescale much smaller than the disk accretion timescale ($\sim$$10^6 - 10^7$ years). Our results suggest a pathway from the mm-sized grains found in primitive meteorites to fully formed asteroids. We speculate that asteroids may form from a positive feedback loop in which coagualation leads to particle clumping driven by the streaming instability. This clumping, in turn reduces collision speeds and enhances coagulation.} Future simulations should model coagulation and the streaming instability together to explore this feedback loop further.
description: 20 pages. Accepted for publication in A&A
A skeletal model for 2d conformal AQFTs
Creators: name: Benini, Marco
name: Giorgetti, Luca
name: Schenkel, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81Txx, 53C50

description: A simple model for the localization of the category $\mathbf{CLoc}_2$ of oriented and time-oriented globally hyperbolic conformal Lorentzian $2$-manifolds at all Cauchy morphisms is constructed. This provides an equivalent description of $2$-dimensional conformal algebraic quantum field theories (AQFTs) satisfying the time-slice axiom in terms of only two algebras, one for the $2$-dimensional Minkowski spacetime and one for the flat cylinder, together with a suitable action of two copies of the orientation preserving embeddings of oriented $1$-manifolds. The latter result is used to construct adjunctions between the categories of $2$-dimensional and chiral conformal AQFTs whose right adjoints formalize and generalize Rehren's chiral observables.
description: 27 pages, final version accepted for publication in Communications in Mathematical Physics
ab initio Electronic Transport Model with Explicit Solution to the Linearized Boltzmann Transport Equation
Creators: name: Faghaninia, Alireza
name: Ager, Joel W.
name: Lo, Cynthia S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate models of carrier transport are essential for describing the electronic properties of semiconductor materials. To the best of our knowledge, the current models following the framework of the Boltzmann transport equation (BTE) either rely heavily on experimental data (i.e., semi-empirical), or utilize simplifying assumptions, such as the constant relaxation time approximation (BTE-cRTA). While these models offer valuable physical insights and accurate calculations of transport properties in some cases, they often lack sufficient accuracy -- particularly in capturing the correct trends with temperature and carrier concentration. We present here a general transport model for calculating low-field electrical drift mobility and Seebeck coefficient of n-type semiconductors, by explicitly considering all relevant physical phenomena (i.e. elastic and inelastic scattering mechanisms). We first rewrite expressions for the rates of elastic scattering mechanisms, in terms of ab initio properties, such as the band structure, density of states, and polar optical phonon frequency. We then solve the linear BTE to obtain the perturbation to the electron distribution -- resulting from the dominant scattering mechanisms -- and use this to calculate the overall mobility and Seebeck coefficient. Using our model, we accurately calculate electrical transport properties of the compound n-type semiconductors, GaAs and InN, over various ranges of temperature and carrier concentration. Our fully predictive model provides high accuracy when compared to experimental measurements on both GaAs and InN, and vastly outperforms both semi-empirical models and the BTE-cRTA. Therefore, we assert that this approach represents a first step towards a fully ab initio carrier transport model that is valid in all compound semiconductors.
title: Racism in the National Health Service : A Liverpool profile.
Creators: name: Protasia Khotie Torkington, Ntomehnhle
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The main argument of this thesis is that racism exists in the National Health Service and that it is experienced by black people as consumers and as employees of that service. The concept 'racism' has been widely used since the early '70s as describing prejudice allied to the power to perpetuate and institutionalise such prejudice, and there is now a growing awareness of the pervasiveness of racism within British society. But that awareness is not reflected in the kinds of reasons given to explain the experiences of Black people in the National Health Service in particular or within British society in general. The aim of this thesis is to evaluate to what extent such explanations conceal the racism experienced by black people in the National Health Service. Our work has revealed that at the consumer level the cultural framework has been extensively employed to explain conditions such as rickets, infant mortality and mental illness among racial minorities. Such explanations coming, as they do, from professional experts claiming to base their pronouncements on scientific objectivity carry considerable weight and thus support racism. They look back from the present to the historical development (or un- or under-development) of peoples and justify what has sedimented to 'common-sense' which all white Britons have about black people in general. We have argued in this thesis that the cultural issue serves as a decoy away from the central issue of black health provision, namely racism. This racism is again reflected very starkly in the response of the NationalHealth Service to sickle cell disease, a specific condition virtually exclusive to black people. Using Liverpool as an area of reflection we have argued that although social, political and economic factors disadvantage working class communities in both incidence of illness and access to health services, black people are even more disadvantaged because of racism. In the field of employment the traditional image of black nurses as 'immigrants' has persisted and is reflected in cultural explanations for their lack of advancement within the profession. We have argued that such nonadvancement as seen in difficulty of access to qualification and poor chances of promotion has a great deal to do with the fact of being black in a racist institution which does not see blacks as having roles in positions of authority and power. Racism here, however, operates through hidden mechanisms which are used to perpetuate discrimination. Our aim in the . section dealing with this area has been to analyse the ways in which such mechanisms work. Our research has revealed that racism at this level remains for the most part covert, operating through the institutional power conferred on persons In positions of authority. Decisions taken by such persons are not subject to open scrutiny, thus black nurses can be disadvantaged through institutional devices which conceal information
New nephridiophagid genera (Fungi, Chytridiomycota) in a mallow beetle and an earwig
Creators: name: Radek, Renate
name: Wurzbacher, Christian
name: Strassert, Jürgen F. H.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chytrids
subject: Forficula auricularia
subject: Malpighian tubules
subject: Malpighivinco podagricae
subject: Nephridiochytrium forficulae
subject: Nephridiophaga
subject: Podagrica malvae
subject: phylogeny
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Nephridiophagids are unicellular fungi (Chytridiomycota) that infect the Malpighian tubules of insects. Most species have been found in cockroach hosts and belong to the genus Nephridiophaga. Three additional genera have been described from beetles and an earwig. Here, we characterise morphologically and molecular phylogenetically the nephridiophagids of the European earwig Forficula auricularia and the mallow beetle Podagrica malvae. Their morphology and life cycle stages resemble those of other nephridiophagids, but their rRNA gene sequences support the existence of two additional genera. Whereas the earwig nephridiophagid (Nephridiochytrium forficulae gen. nov. et sp. nov.) forms a sister lineage of the Nephridiophaga cluster, the mallow beetle nephridiophagid (Malpighivinco podagricae gen. nov. et sp. nov.) represents the earliest divergent lineage within the nephridiophagids, being sister to all other species. Our results corroborate the hypothesis that different insect groups harbour distinct nephridiophagid lineages.
Regular and irregular patterns of self-localized excitation in arrays of coupled phase oscillators
Creators: name: Wolfrum, Matthias
name: Omel'chenko, Oleh
name: Sieber, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a system of phase oscillators with nonlocal coupling in a ring that supports self-organized patterns of coherence and incoherence, called chimera states. Introducing a global feedback loop, connecting the phase lag to the order parameter, we can observe chimera states also for systems with a small number of oscillators. Numerical simulations show a huge variety of regular and irregular patterns composed of localized phase slipping events of single oscillators. Using methods of classical finite dimensional chaos and bifurcation theory, we can identify the emergence of chaotic chimera states as a result of transitions to chaos via period doubling cascades, torus breakup, and intermittency. We can explain the observed phenomena by a mechanism of self-modulated excitability in a discrete excitable medium.
description: postprint, as accepted in Chaos, 10 pages, 7 figures
Computational self-testing for entangled magic states
Creators: name: Mizutani, Akihiro
name: Takeuchi, Yuki
name: Hiromasa, Ryo
name: Aikawa, Yusuke
name: Tani, Seiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the seminal paper [Metger and Vidick, Quantum '21], they proposed a computational self-testing protocol for Bell states in a single quantum device. Their protocol relies on the fact that the target states are stabilizer states, and hence it is highly non-trivial to reveal whether the other class of quantum states, non-stabilizer states, can be self-tested within their framework. Among non-stabilizer states, magic states are indispensable resources for universal quantum computation. In this letter, we show that a magic state for the CCZ gate can be self-tested while that for the T gate cannot. Our result is applicable to a proof of quantumness, where we can classically verify whether a quantum device generates a quantum state having non-zero magic.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure, Supplementary material simplied but the results unchanged
Construction and Field Theory of Bosonic Symmetry Protected Topological states beyond Group Cohomology
Creators: name: Bi, Zhen
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a series of bosonic symmetry protected topological (BSPT) states beyond group cohomology classification using "decorated defects" approach. This construction is based on topological defects of ordinary Landau order parameters, decorated with the bosonic short range entangled (BSRE) states in $(4k+3)d$ and $(4k+5)d$ space-time (with $k$ being nonnegative integers), which do not need any symmetry. This approach not only gives these BSPT states an intuitive physical picture, it also allows us to derive the effective field theory for all these BSPT states beyond group cohomology.
description: 7 pages
Spontaneous Spin Textures in Dipolar Spinor Condensates: A Dirac String Gas Approach
Creators: name: Lian, Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spontaneous spin textures induced by magnetic dipole-dipole interaction in ferromagnetic spinor condensates under various trap geometries. At the mean-field level, we show the system is dual to a Dirac string gas with a negative string tension in which the ground state spin texture can be easily determined. We find that three-dimensional condensates prefer a meron-like vortex texture, quasi one-dimensional condensates prefer the axially polarized flare texture, while condensates in quasi two dimensions exhibit either a meron texture or an in-plane polarized texture.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Learning Koopman eigenfunctions of stochastic diffusions with optimal importance sampling and ISOKANN
Creators: name: Sikorski, A.
name: Borrell, E. Ribera
name: Weber, M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Koopman operator
subject: eigenfunctions
subject: stochastic diffusions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: The dominant eigenfunctions of the Koopman operator characterize the metastabilities and slow-timescale dynamics of stochastic diffusion processes. In the context of molecular dynamics and Markov state modeling, they allow for a description of the location and frequencies of rare transitions, which are hard to obtain by direct simulation alone. In this article, we reformulate the eigenproblem in terms of the ISOKANN framework, an iterative algorithm that learns the eigenfunctions by alternating between short burst simulations and a mixture of machine learning and classical numerics, which naturally leads to a proof of convergence. We furthermore show how the intermediate iterates can be used to reduce the sampling variance by importance sampling and optimal control (enhanced sampling), as well as to select locations for further training (adaptive sampling). We demonstrate the usage of our proposed method in experiments, increasing the approximation accuracy by several orders of magnitude.
title: Soziale Teilhabe von Senior*innen nach mehrjähriger Hörerfahrung mit Cochlea-Implantaten
Creators: name: Reichmuth, Karen
name: Hofmann, Reinhild
name: Brinkheetker, Stephanie
name: am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, Antoinette
name: Neumann, Katrin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Hörstörungen, die im Laufe des Lebens auftreten, stellen allgemein ein Risiko für psychische und mentale Gesundheitsprobleme sowie reduzierte soziale Teilhabe dar, das sich im Alter erhöht [ref:5], [ref:7]. Eine Cochlea-Implantat-(CI)-Versorgung[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Phoniatrisch-pädaudiologische Aspekte 2020
Privacy-preserving Federated Learning for Residential Short Term Load Forecasting
Creators: name: Fernandez, Joaquin Delgado
name: Menci, Sergio Potenciano
name: Lee, Charles
name: Fridgen, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With high levels of intermittent power generation and dynamic demand patterns, accurate forecasts for residential loads have become essential. Smart meters can play an important role when making these forecasts as they provide detailed load data. However, using smart meter data for load forecasting is challenging due to data privacy requirements. This paper investigates how these requirements can be addressed through a combination of federated learning and privacy preserving techniques such as differential privacy and secure aggregation. For our analysis, we employ a large set of residential load data and simulate how different federated learning models and privacy preserving techniques affect performance and privacy. Our simulations reveal that combining federated learning and privacy preserving techniques can secure both high forecasting accuracy and near-complete privacy. Specifically, we find that such combinations enable a high level of information sharing while ensuring privacy of both the processed load data and forecasting models. Moreover, we identify and discuss challenges of applying federated learning, differential privacy and secure aggregation for residential short-term load forecasting.
title: Deutsches Zentralregister für kindliche Hörstörungen (DZH) – Qualitätssicherung pädaudiologischer Diagnostik
Creators: name: Kugelstadt, Sarah
name: Wohlfarth, Friederike
name: Hirschfelder, Anke
name: Mürbe, Dirk
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Das Deutsche Zentralregister für kindliche Hörstörungen (DZH) erfasst in der Klinik für Audiologie und Phoniatrie der Charité Daten von Kindern mit permanenten Hörstörungen. Als Auszug aus einer Gesamtauswertung nach fast 25 Jahren soll hier die Frage[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Phoniatrisch-pädaudiologische Aspekte 2020
Atmospheric Thematic Services Assessment Report
Creators: name: Chondros, Nikos
name: Konstantopoulos, Michalis
name: Corti, Noemi
name: Bressan, Sofia
name: Gounari, Olympia
name: Falagas, Alekos
name: Ntouskos, Makis
name: Tsironis, Vasilios
name: Kournopoulou, Antonia
name: Karantzalos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Services
Atmospheric
Astrophysics
Planetary Science
Validation
Testing
Feedback

description: This document is a final overall report on the assessment and evaluation of the NEANIAS Atmospheric services from user perspective. Assessment and evaluations processes have been performed for each of the Atmospheric services release cycles (from release #1 to the latest release #3) involving users both internal to the NEANIAS consortium but also external to the consortium mainly belonging to academic and research institutes. Also, user feedback has been collected through user feedback forms.
On Wasserstein-1 distance in the central limit theorem for elephant random walk
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaohui
name: Machkouri, Mohamed El
name: Fan, Xiequan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G42, 60F05, 60G50

description: Recently, the elephant random walk has attracted a lot of attentions. A wide range of literature is available for the asymptotic behavior of the process, such as the central limit theorems, functional limit theorems and the law of iterated logarithm. However, there is not result concerning Wassertein-1 distance for the normal approximations.In this paper, we show that the Wassertein-1 distance in the central limit theorem is totally different when a memory parameter $p$ belongs to one of the three cases $0< p < 1/2,$ $1/2< p<3/4$ and $p=3/4.$
Invariant manifolds mediating collinear hydrogen exchange reaction
Creators: name: Alharthi, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the phase space structure for the collinear hydrogen exchange system crosses an energy barrier. Above the reaction threshold, the system must pass through a Symmetric Stretch Periodic Orbit (SSPO) where the dynamics are structuring a Dividing Surface (DS) that separates reactants and products. At low energy, the SSPO can serve as a dividing surface that satisfies the no-recrossing assumption of Transition State Theory (TST). As the energy increases, saddle-node bifurcations occur on both sides of the SSPO. Above the bifurcation energy, trajectories appear that recross the central DS. The region of recrossing trajectories is bounded by the stable manifolds of the additional Unstable Periodic Orbits (UPOs). We investigate the fractal structure of the TST is violating islands of the DS and how it is determined by the invariant manifolds of the additional periodic orbits. We demonstrate that the various layers are all bounded by the same stable manifold. The second part is devoted to the study of the phase space structure in a region where the stable manifold initiated. It appears that some of the ensemble trajectories do not cross the DS. We demonstrate the area of those trajectories validating the boundary of various layers from those trajectories that do not. Following this, we make use of the symmetry and demonstrate that these various layers appeared on all versions of the DS and are bounded by the symmetric invariant manifolds belonging to the UPOs, which existed on both sides of the SSPO. Finally, we demonstrate those invariant manifolds intersecting each other, before intersecting the DS, which leads to more complicated behaviour.
Indirect Learning of Interatomic Potentials for Accelerated Materials Simulations
Creators: name: Morrow, Joe D.
name: Deringer, Volker L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning (ML) based interatomic potentials are emerging tools for materials simulations but require a trade-off between accuracy and speed. Here we show how one can use one ML potential model to train another: we use an existing, accurate, but more computationally expensive model to generate reference data (locations and labels) for a series of much faster potentials. Without the need for quantum-mechanical reference computations at the secondary stage, extensive reference datasets can be easily generated, and we find that this improves the quality of fast potentials with less flexible functional forms. We apply the technique to disordered silicon, including a simulation of vitrification and polycrystalline grain formation under pressure with a system size of a million atoms. Our work provides conceptual insight into the machine learning of interatomic potential models, and it suggests a route toward accelerated simulations of condensed-phase systems and nanostructured materials.
title: Hörstörungen bei alpha-Mannosidose im Langzeitverlauf
Creators: name: Läßig, Anne Katrin
name: Nospes, Sabine
name: Bohnert, Andrea
name: Hennermann, Julia B.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Eine frühe Diagnostik und Behandlung der sehr seltenen autosomal-rezessiv vererbten lysosomalen Speicherkrankheit alpha-Mannosidose (Prävalenz: 1: 500.000–1.000.000, Mutationen in dem Gen MAN2B1 auf Chromosom 19) ist für den chronisch-progredienten Krankheitsverlauf[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Phoniatrisch-pädaudiologische Aspekte 2020
Neutrino Tomography of the Earth with ORCA Detector
Creators: name: Capozzi, F.
name: Petcov, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using PREM as a reference model for the Earth density distribution we investigate in the present article the sensitivity of the ORCA detector to deviations of the Earth i) outer core (OC) density, ii) inner core (IC) density, iii) total core density, and iv) mantle density, from their respective PREM densities. The analysis is performed by studying the effects of the Earth matter on the oscillations of atmospheric $ν_μ$, $ν_e$, $\barν_μ$ and $\barν_e$. We present results which, in particular, illustrate the dependence of the ORCA sensitivity to the OC, IC, core and mantle densities on the type of systematic uncertainties used in the analysis, on the value of the atmospheric neutrino mixing angle $θ_{23}$, on whether the Earth mass constraint is implemented or not, and on the way it is implemented, and on the type - with normal ordering (NO) or inverted ordering (IO) - of the light neutrino mass spectrum. We show, in particular, that in the "most favorable" NO case of implemented Earth mass constraint, "minimal" systematic errors and $\sin^2θ_{23}=0.58$, ORCA can determine, e.g., the OC (mantle) density at $3σ$ C.L. after 10 years of operation with an uncertainty of (-18\%)/+15\% (of (-6\%)/+8\%). In the "most unfavourable" NO case of "conservative" systematic errors and $\sin^2θ_{23}=0.42$, the uncertainty reads (-43\%)/+39\% ((-17\%/+20\%), while for for $\sin^2θ_{23} = 0.50$ and 0.58 it is noticeably smaller: (-37)\%/+30\% and (-30\%)/+24\% ((-13\%)/+16\% and (-11\%/+14\%)). We find also that the sensitivity of ORCA to the outer core, core and mantle densities is significantly worse for IO neutrino mass spectrum.
description: 34 pages, 11 figures; Earth hydrostatic equilibrium conditions taken into account, typos corrected; version published in EPJC
A membrane fusion protein, Ykt6, regulates epithelial cell migration via microRNA-mediated suppression of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A
Creators: name: G. Naydenov, Nayden
name: Joshi, Supriya
name: Feygin, Alex
name: Saini, Siddharth
name: Litovchick, Larisa
name: I. Ivanov, Andrei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Vesicle trafficking regulates epithelial cell migration by remodeling matrix adhesions and delivering signaling molecules to the migrating leading edge. Membrane fusion, which is driven by soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor associated receptor (SNARE) proteins, is an essential step of vesicle trafficking. Mammalian SNAREs represent a large group of proteins, but few have been implicated in the regulation of cell migration. Ykt6 is a unique SNARE existing in equilibrium between active membrane-bound and inactive cytoplasmic pools, and mediating vesicle trafficking between different intracellular compartments. The biological functions of this protein remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that Ykt6 acts as a negative regulator of migration and invasion of human prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, Ykt6 regulates the integrity of epithelial adherens and tight junctions. The observed anti-migratory activity of Ykt6 is mediated by a unique mechanism involving the expressional upregulation of microRNA 145, which selectively decreases the cellular level of Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM) A. This decreased JAM-A expression limits the activity of Rap1 and Rac1 small GTPases, thereby attenuating cell spreading and motility. The described novel functions of Ykt6 could be essential for the regulation of epithelial barriers, epithelial repair, and metastatic dissemination of cancer cells.
Application of the response rurface methodology in the removal of Cu2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solutions using orange peels.
Creators: name: Afolabi, Felicia Omolara
name: Musonge, Paul
name: Bakare, Babatunde Femi
Publisher: name: Mangosuthu University of Technology (MUT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified
Computational chemistry
Experimental mathematics

description: Increasing industrialization and urbanization has led to increased wastewater effluents, which affect the environment if not properly treated before discharge into water bodies. Hence, it is important to adopt an efficient technique for treating wastewater before dis?charge into water bodies. This study investigated the interaction of initial concentration, pH, adsorbent dosage, and particle size with orange peels for the biosorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ from aqueous solution using the response surface methodology (RSM) with the cen?tral composite design (CCD). The regression model ascertained the validity of the second?order polynomial equation for the biosorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ using orange peels. The coefficient of determination (R2) obtained from the analysis of variance (ANOVA) for Cu2+ and Pb2+ are 0.9852 and 0.9433, respectively. The maximum adsorption uptakes of Cu2+ and Pb2+ were 54.94 mg/g and 65.14 mg/g respectively, which suggests that orange peels have a higher affinity for Pb2+ than for Cu2+. The maximum efficiencies of Cu2+ and Pb2+ under the optimum conditions of the process variables are 88% and 90%, respectively. The agreement between the experimental and predicted values shows that the quadratic model developed can be used to adequately determine the interaction between process parame?ters in the bio-sorption of Cu2+ and Pb2+ onto orange peels. The study contributes to the search for eco-friendly and sustainable solutions to the treatment of water contaminated with low concentrations of Cu2+ and Pb2+ metal ions.
DeepQMC: An open-source software suite for variational optimization of deep-learning molecular wave functions
Creators: name: Schätzle, Zeno
name: Szabo, Peter Bernat
name: Mezera, Matej
name: Hermann, Jan
name: Noe, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: DeepQMC
subject: open-source software
subject: deep-learning molecular wave functions
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::005 Computerprogrammierung, Programme, Daten
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Computing accurate yet efficient approximations to the solutions of the electronic Schrödinger equation has been a paramount challenge of computational chemistry for decades. Quantum Monte Carlo methods are a promising avenue of development as their core algorithm exhibits a number of favorable properties: it is highly parallel and scales favorably with the considered system size, with an accuracy that is limited only by the choice of the wave function Ansatz. The recently introduced machine-learned parametrizations of quantum Monte Carlo Ansätze rely on the efficiency of neural networks as universal function approximators to achieve state of the art accuracy on a variety of molecular systems. With interest in the field growing rapidly, there is a clear need for easy to use, modular, and extendable software libraries facilitating the development and adoption of this new class of methods. In this contribution, the DeepQMC program package is introduced, in an attempt to provide a common framework for future investigations by unifying many of the currently available deep-learning quantum Monte Carlo architectures. Furthermore, the manuscript provides a brief introduction to the methodology of variational quantum Monte Carlo in real space, highlights some technical challenges of optimizing neural network wave functions, and presents example black-box applications of the program package. We thereby intend to make this novel field accessible to a broader class of practitioners from both the quantum chemistry and the machine learning communities.
title: Das Perrault-Syndrom: Ein seltenes autosomal-rezessives Syndrom mit Schwerhörigkeit auf Basis einer auditorischen Neuropathie
Creators: name: Tropitzsch, Anke
name: Vona, Barbara
name: Gamerdinger, Philipp
name: Schade-Mann, Thore
name: Rickert, Dorothee
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Das Perrault-Syndrom (PRLTS) ist eine sehr seltene autosomal-rezessiv vererbte Erkrankung, die klinisch durch eine kongenitale Schwerhörigkeit und bei Frauen durch eine ovarielle Dysgenesie charakterisiert ist. Zusätzlich können in variabler Ausprägung neurologische[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: Phoniatrisch-pädaudiologische Aspekte 2020
Study of the 15N14N18O absorption bands in the 4200–6500 cm−1 region
Creators: name: Sinitsa, L.N.
name: Serdyukov, V.I.
name: Perevalov, V.I.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Five bands of 15N14N18O nitrous oxide isotopologue were detected in the 4200–6500 cm−1 region with a Bruker IFS-125M Fourier transform spectrometer using a sample composed of NO (80% of 15N18O and 20% of 14N16O) and a trace amount of N2O isotopologues. The line positions of these bands were measured to the uncertainties of 0.001 cm−1. The spectroscopic constants were fitted using the measured line positions. The root mean squares of the residuals (RMS) of the fits (0.0005 cm−1 0.0027 cm−1) were close to the experimental uncertainties. Four bands, ν1+2ν20+ν3,4ν1,2ν1+2ν20+ν3, and ν21+2ν3−ν21, were observed for the first time. The line positions of the 2ν3 band were determined with a smaller uncertainty than in (A. W. Mantz, K. Narahari Rao, L.H. Jones, R.M. Potter. J. Mol. Spectrosc. 30, 513 (1969)).
'Exotic vector-like pair' of color-triplet scalars
Creators: name: Addazi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a minimal extension of Standard Model, generating a Majorana mass for neutron, connected with a mechanism of Post-Sphaleron Baryogenesis. We consider an `exotic vector-like pair' of color-triplet scalars, an extra Majorana fermion $ψ$, and a scalar field $ϕ$, giving mass to $ψ$. The vector-like pair is defined `exotic' because of a peculiar mass term of the color-triplet scalars, violating Baryon number as $ΔB=1$. A Post-Sphaleron Baryogenesis is realized through $ϕ$-decays into six quarks (antiquarks), or through $ψ$-decays into three quarks (antiquarks). This model suggests some intriguing B-violating signatures, testable in the next future, in Neutron-Antineutron physics and LHC. We also discuss limits from FCNC. Sterile fermion can also be light as $1-100\, \rm GeV$. In this case, the sterile fermion could be (meta)-stable and $n-\bar{n}$ oscillation can be indirectly generated by two $n-ψ$, $ψ-\bar{n}$ oscillations, without needing of an effective Majorana mass for neutron. Majorana fermion $ψ$ can be a good candidate for WIMP-like dark matter.
description: Sections 2.1 and 3 revisited; New Fig.5 of jj+Missing Energy channel; more references about LHC and FCNCs. Essential results on Neutron-Antineutron oscillations and Post-Sphaleron Baryogenesis are the same. More comments about string-inspred models. Accepted by JHEP
title: Who Knows What in German Drama? A Composite Annotation Scheme for Knowledge Transfer. Annotation, Evaluation, and Analysis
Creators: name: Andresen, Melanie
name: Krautter, Benjamin
name: Pagel, Janis
name: Reiter, Nils
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: The distribution of knowledge among characters is established as an important feature for drama analysis. Many turning points in plays are triggered by a knowledge transfer. However, knowledge transfers in plays have not yet been targeted in a formal or computational way. This paper aims at developing a framework to digitally model processes of knowledge dissemination concerning family and love relations among fictional characters in plays. We approach this as an annotation task and introduce how our composite annotation scheme models knowledge transfers among characters. We present preliminary results and discuss the question of measuring inter-annotator agreement, the calculation of which is not yet standardised for this type of annotation. Finally, we showcase an analysis of the annotated knowledge transfers on Günderrode’s 1805 play, Udohla.
$B \to π\ell ν$ and $B_s \to K \ell ν$ form factors and $|V_{ub}|$ from 2+1-flavor lattice QCD with domain-wall light quarks and relativistic heavy quarks
Creators: name: Flynn, J. M.
name: Izubuchi, T.
name: Kawanai, T.
name: Lehner, C.
name: Soni, A.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
name: Witzel, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the $B \toπ\ellν$ and $B_s \to K \ellν$ form factors in dynamical lattice QCD. We use the (2+1)-flavor RBC-UKQCD gauge-field ensembles generated with the domain-wall fermion and Iwasaki gauge actions. For the $b$ quarks we use the anisotropic clover action with a relativistic heavy-quark interpretation. We analyze two lattice spacings $a \approx 0.11, 0.086$ fm and unitary pion masses as light as $M_π\approx 290$ MeV. We simultaneously extrapolate our numerical results to the physical light-quark masses and to the continuum and interpolate in the pion/kaon energy using SU(2) "hard-pion" chiral perturbation theory. We provide complete error budgets for the form factors $f_+(q^2)$ and $f_0(q^2)$ at three momenta that span the $q^2$ range accessible in our numerical simulations. We extrapolate these results to $q^2 = 0$ using a model-independent $z$-parametrization and present our final form factors as the $z$-coefficients and the matrix of correlations between them. Our results agree with other lattice determinations using staggered light quarks and provide important independent cross-checks. Both $B \toπ\ellν$ and $B_s \to K \ellν$ decays enable a determination of the CKM matrix element $|V_{ub}|$. To illustrate this, we perform a combined $z$-fit of our numerical $B\toπ\ellν$ form-factor data with the experimental branching-fraction measurements leaving the relative normalization as a free parameter; we obtain $|V_{ub}| = 3.61(32) \times 10^{-3}$, where the error includes statistical and systematic uncertainties. This approach can be applied to $B_s\to K \ellν$ decay to determine $|V_{ub}|$ once the process has been measured experimentally. Finally, in anticipation of future measurements, we make predictions for $B \to π\ellν$ and $B_s\to K \ellν$ Standard-Model differential branching fractions and forward-backward asymmetries.
description: V3: References and discussions added. Large tables move to appendix. 39 pages, 22 tables, 23 figures. Version published in Physical Review D
“They don't care about people; they only care about the money”: the effects of border enforcement, commodification and migration industries on the mobility of migrants in transit through Mexico
Creators: name: Willers, Susanne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: border enforcement
subject: transit migration
subject: mobility
subject: bodily experiences
subject: violence
subject: migration industries
subject: gender and intersectionality
subject: Mexico
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::300 Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie::301 Soziologie, Anthropologie

description: How does border enforcement affect the mobility of migrants and refugees in countries of transit? What impact does it have on migrants' bodily experiences of mobility and their reliance on actors of the migration industry? While the externalization of borders affects undocumented people by increasing their vulnerability to violence during transit, the impact of the migration regime on the social construction of inequalities in every-day interactions and its relationship to the capacity for mobility has not been studied in depth. This article intends to bridge this gap: based on ethnographic fieldwork I conducted between 2013 and 2019, this article analyzes the relation between immigration enforcement and the mobility strategies of migrants and refugees, particularly women. It focuses on the intertwining of border enforcement and violence and their impact on people's bodily mobility experiences in transit through Mexico along intersecting lines of inequality such as race, class, gender and nationality. First, I analyze how border enforcement contributes to internal bordering, thereby increasing the vulnerability and dependence of migrants on brokers for mobility; second, it looks at the bodily experiences of women in transit and the ways in which internal bordering shapes gendered power hierarchies among actors in the field of mobility. The analysis shows how women negotiate mobility and bodily integrity in social interactions with different actors and how they face constraints resulting from the gendered hierarchies to mobility on routes of transit. Furthermore, it demonstrates how women's bodies have become a privileged site for the construction of a 'body politic' exploitable by others, since border enforcement has contributed to weakening the possibilities of negotiating mobility and bodily integrity in transit.
On the combination of graph data for assessing thin-file borrowers' creditworthiness
Creators: name: Muñoz-Cancino, Ricardo
name: Bravo, Cristián
name: Ríos, Sebastián A.
name: Graña, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The thin-file borrowers are customers for whom a creditworthiness assessment is uncertain due to their lack of credit history; many researchers have used borrowers' relationships and interactions networks in the form of graphs as an alternative data source to address this. Incorporating network data is traditionally made by hand-crafted feature engineering, and lately, the graph neural network has emerged as an alternative, but it still does not improve over the traditional method's performance. Here we introduce a framework to improve credit scoring models by blending several Graph Representation Learning methods: feature engineering, graph embeddings, and graph neural networks. We stacked their outputs to produce a single score in this approach. We validated this framework using a unique multi-source dataset that characterizes the relationships and credit history for the entire population of a Latin American country, applying it to credit risk models, application, and behavior, targeting both individuals and companies. Our results show that the graph representation learning methods should be used as complements, and these should not be seen as self-sufficient methods as is currently done. In terms of AUC and KS, we enhance the statistical performance, outperforming traditional methods. In Corporate lending, where the gain is much higher, it confirms that evaluating an unbanked company cannot solely consider its features. The business ecosystem where these firms interact with their owners, suppliers, customers, and other companies provides novel knowledge that enables financial institutions to enhance their creditworthiness assessment. Our results let us know when and which group to use graph data and what effects on performance to expect. They also show the enormous value of graph data on the unbanked credit scoring problem, principally to help companies' banking.
Yang-Mills as massive Chern-Simons theory: a third way to three-dimensional gauge theories
Creators: name: Arvanitakis, Alex S.
name: Sevrin, Alexander
name: Townsend, Paul K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Mills (YM) equation in three spacetime dimensions (3D) can be modified to include a novel parity-preserving interaction term, with inverse mass parameter, in addition to a possible topological mass term. The novelty is that the modified YM equation is not the Euler-Lagrange equation of any gauge-invariant local action for the YM gauge potential alone. Instead, consistency is achieved in the "third way" exploited by 3D "minimal massive gravity". We relate our results to the "novel Higgs mechanism" for Chern-Simons gauge theories.
description: 5 pages. New title in v.2 to accord with published version. Also includes minor corrections and two additional paragraphs
A Reduced-Speed-of-Light Formulation of the Magnetohydrodynamic-Particle-in-Cell Method
Creators: name: Ji, Suoqing
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A reduced-speed-of-light (RSOL) approximation is a useful technique for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD)-particle-in-cell (PIC) simulations. With a RSOL, some "in-code" speed-of-light $\tilde{c}$ is set to much lower values than the true $c$, allowing simulations to take larger timesteps (which are restricted by the Courant condition given the large CR speeds). However, due to the absence of a well-formulated RSOL implementation from the literature, with naive substitution of the true $c$ with a RSOL, the CR properties in MHD-PIC simulations (e.g.\ CR energy or momentum density, gyro radius) vary artificially with respect to each other and with respect to the converged ($\tilde{c} \rightarrow c$) solutions with different choices of a RSOL. Here, we derive a new formulation of the MHD-PIC equations with a RSOL, and show that (1) it guarantees all steady-state properties of the CR distribution function and background plasma/MHD quantities are {\em independent} of the RSOL $\tilde{c}$ even for $\tilde{c} \ll c$, (2) ensures that the simulation can {\em simultaneously} represent the real physical values of CR number, mass, momentum, and energy density, (3) retains the correct physical meaning of various terms like the electric field, and (4) ensures the numerical timestep for CRs can always be safely increased by a factor $\sim c/\tilde{c}$. This new RSOL formulation should enable greater self-consistency and reduced CPU cost in simulations of CR-MHD interactions.
description: published by MNRAS