cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Intra-orbital hydatid cyst
Creators: name: Dubey, Prama
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Head & neck imaging
subject: Head and neck
subject: Infection
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 33 years old male patient presented in ophthalmology OPD with complaint of painless swelling in right eye since 2 years. The swelling was gradually increasing in size. 

No additional abnormality was detected in his neurologic and systemic examinations. Routine blood tests and erythrocyte sedimentation rate were normal. 

description: 33 years, male
title: ÐÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐÐ­Ð¸Ð¢
title: Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ ÐÑÐµÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¸, 20â25 Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ±ÑÑ 2023 Ð³Ð¾Ð´Ð°
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾. ÐÐ½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ¸, Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¾ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹
name: "ÐÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐÐ­Ð¸Ð¢", Ð²ÑÐµÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ñ (2023; Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³)
Publisher: name: ÐÐÐÐÐ¢ÐÐ¥-ÐÐ ÐÐ¡Ð¡
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ â ÐÐ½ÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹
Ð¤Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ°
Ð Ð°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ°
Ð¢ÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸
Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ°
ÐÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ

description: Ð ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðº Ð²ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð°ÑÐ¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð¼Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð´ÑÑ ÑÑÐµÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ° ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾, ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐ¾Ð², Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ³Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³Ð° Ð¸ Ð´ÑÑÐ³Ð¸Ñ Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¾Ð² Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð·Ð°ÑÑÐ±ÐµÐ¶Ð½ÑÑ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð°Ð¼ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÐ»Ð°Ð´Ð¾Ð², Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐµ Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Â«ÐÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐÐ­Ð¸Ð¢Â». Ð¡ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¾ÑÑÐ°Ð¶Ð°ÑÑ ÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ½Ð¾-Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð² Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ð², Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¾Ð»Ð¾Ð³Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¾ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸, ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐ¸Ð·Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¼ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¹. ÐÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÑÐµÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐµÑÐµÑ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°ÑÑÑÑ Ð·Ð½Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¹, ÑÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð´ÐµÐ¼Ð¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð°ÑÐº.
title: Morel-Lavallée lesion: A diagnostic and therapeutic challenge - A case report
Creators: name: Kandel, Kamal
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: MR
subject: Drainage
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: The patient is a 30-year-old female who presented to the emergency department with a history of trauma that occurred 2 weeks ago. According to the patient, she was involved in a motor vehicle accident and suffered from multiple injuries, including cuts and bruises on her face and limbs. She was initially evaluated at a local hospital, where she received basic first aid and was advised to rest at home. However, she had difficulty in walking and visited our hospital.

description: 30 years, female
Radiation and energy release in a background field of axion-like dark matter
Creators: name: Liao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that a fuzzy dark matter background and the mG scale magnetic field in the galactic center can give rise to a radiation with a very large energy release. The frequency of the radiation field is the same as the frequency of the oscillating axion-like background field. We show that there is an energy transfer between the fuzzy dark matter sector and the electromagnetic sector because of the presence of the generated radiation field and the galactic magnetic field. The energy release rate of radiation is found to be very slow in comparison with the energy of fuzzy dark matter but could be significant comparing with the energy of galactic magnetic field in the source region. Using this example, we show that the fuzzy dark matter together with a large scale magnetic field is possible to give rise to fruitful physics.
description: 9 pages, no figure, references added, version in PLB
Cybersecurity in Autonomous Vehicles: Addressing Risks in Self-Driving Technology
Creators: name: Mohammed, Anwar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460402
subject: Data and information privacy

description: As the adoption of autonomous vehicles (AVs) accelerates, the importance of robust cybersecurity measures becomes increasingly critical. This paper examines the cybersecurity risks associated with AVs, explores the implications of potential threats, and discusses strategies to mitigate these risks. By analyzing current vulnerabilities and assessing regulatory frameworks, we highlight the need for a comprehensive approach to ensure the safety and security of autonomous transportation systems.
Intrinsic alignment of redMaPPer clusters: cluster shape - matter density correlation
Creators: name: van Uitert, Edo
name: Joachimi, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the alignment of the shapes of galaxy clusters, as traced by their satellite distributions, with the matter density field using the public redMaPPer catalogue based on SDSS-DR8, which contains 26 111 clusters up to z~0.6. The clusters are split into nine redshift and richness samples; in each of them we detect a positive alignment, showing that clusters point towards density peaks. We interpret the measurements within the tidal alignment paradigm, allowing for a richness and redshift dependence. The intrinsic alignment (IA) amplitude at the pivot redshift z=0.3 and pivot richness λ=30 is A_{IA}^{gen}=12.6_{-1.2}^{+1.5}. We obtain tentative evidence that the signal increases towards higher richness and lower redshift. Our measurements agree well with results of maxBCG clusters and with dark-matter-only simulations. Comparing our results to IA measurements of luminous red galaxies, we find that the IA amplitude of galaxy clusters forms a smooth extension towards higher mass. This suggests that these systems share a common alignment mechanism, which can be exploited to improve our physical understanding of IA.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures. Replaced with accepted version
Broadband terahertz emission from two-color fs-laser-induced microplasmas
Creators: name: Thiele, Illia
name: Martinez, Pedro Gonzalez de Alaiza
name: Nuter, Rachel
name: Nguyen, Alisee
name: Berge, Luc
name: Skupin, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate terahertz emission from two-color fs-laser-induced microplasmas. Under strongest focusing conditions, microplasmas are shown to act as point-sources for broadband terahertz-to-far-infrared radiation, where the emission bandwidth is determined by the plasma density. Semi-analytical modeling allows us to identify scaling laws with respect to important laser parameters. In particular, we find that the optical-to-THz conversion efficiency crucially depends on the focusing conditions. We use this insight to demonstrate by means of Maxwell-consistent 3D simulations, that for only 10-$μ$J laser energy a conversion efficiency well above $10^{-4}$ can be achieved.
title: Low grade forniceal glioma with intracranial hypertension in an adult
Creators: name: AJITH, SACHIN
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 40-year-old female without any comorbidities presented to the emergency room following an episode of generalised seizures lasting less than five minutes. Her past history and family history are negative for seizure disorder. She had retrograde amnesia and confusion. The rest of her clinical examination was unremarkable.

description: 40 years, female
Auxiliary-cavity-assisted ground-state cooling of optically levitated nanosphere in the unresolved-sideband regime
Creators: name: Feng, Jin-Shan
name: Tan, Lei
name: Gu, Huai-Qiang
name: Liu, Wu-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically analyse the ground-state cooling of optically levitated nanosphere in unresolved- sideband regime by introducing a coupled high-quality-factor cavity. On account of the quantum interference stemming from the presence of the coupled cavity, the spectral density of the optical force exerting on the nanosphere gets changed and then the symmetry between the heating and the cooling processes is broken. Through adjusting the detuning of strong-dissipative cavity mode, one obtains an enhanced net cooling rate for the nanosphere. It is illustrated that the ground state cooling can be realized in the unresolved sideband regime even if the effective optomechanical coupling is weaker than the frequency of the nanosphere, which can be understood by the picture that the effective interplay of the nanosphere and the auxiliary cavity mode brings the system back to an effective resolved regime. Besides, the coupled cavity refines the dynamical stability of the system.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Visualizing Efimov Correlations in the Bose Polaron
Creators: name: Sun, Mingyuan
name: Zhai, Hui
name: Cui, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bose polaron is a quasi-particle of an impurity dressed by surrounding bosons. In few-body physics, it is known that two identical bosons and a third distinguishable particle can form a sequence of Efimov bound states in the vicinity of inter-species scattering resonance. On the other hand, in the Bose polaron system with an impurity atom embedded in many bosons, no signature of Efimov physics has been reported in the existing spectroscopy measurements up to date. In this work, we propose that a large mass imbalance between a light impurity and heavy bosons can help produce visible signatures of Efimov physics in such a spectroscopy measurement. Using the diagrammatic approach in the Virial expansion to include three-body effects from pair-wise interactions, we determine the impurity self-energy and its spectral function. Taking $^{6}$Li-$^{133}$Cs\ system as a concrete example, we find two visible Efimov branches in the polaron spectrum, as well as their hybridizations with the attractive polaron branch. We also discuss the general scenarios for observing the signature of Efimov physics in polaron systems. This work paves the way for experimentally exploring intriguing few-body correlations in a many-body system in the near future.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; accepted version by PRL
Principal infinity-bundles -- General theory
Creators: name: Nikolaus, Thomas
name: Schreiber, Urs
name: Stevenson, Danny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The theory of principal bundles makes sense in any infinity-topos, such as that of topological, of smooth, or of otherwise geometric infinity-groupoids/infinity-stacks, and more generally in slices of these. It provides a natural geometric model for structured higher nonabelian cohomology and controls general fiber bundles in terms of associated bundles. For suitable choices of structure infinity-group G these G-principal infinity-bundles reproduce the theories of ordinary principal bundles, of bundle gerbes/principal 2-bundles and of bundle 2-gerbes and generalize these to their further higher and equivariant analogs. The induced associated infinity-bundles subsume the notions of gerbes and higher gerbes in the literature. We discuss here this general theory of principal infinity-bundles, intimately related to the axioms of Giraud, Toen-Vezzosi, Rezk and Lurie that characterize infinity-toposes. We show a natural equivalence between principal infinity-bundles and intrinsic nonabelian cocycles, implying the classification of principal infinity-bundles by nonabelian sheaf hyper-cohomology. We observe that the theory of geometric fiber infinity-bundles associated to principal infinity-bundles subsumes a theory of infinity-gerbes and of twisted infinity-bundles, with twists deriving from local coefficient infinity-bundles, which we define, relate to extensions of principal infinity-bundles and show to be classified by a corresponding notion of twisted cohomology, identified with the cohomology of a corresponding slice infinity-topos. In a companion article [NSSb] we discuss explicit presentations of this theory in categories of simplicial (pre)sheaves by hyper-Cech cohomology and by simplicial weakly-principal bundles; and in [NSSc] we discuss various examples and applications of the theory.
description: 49 pages; v2: published version; v3: missing assumption added to Lemma 3.9
Multi-phase semicrystalline microstructures drive exciton dissociation in neat plastic semiconductors
Creators: name: Paquin, Francis
name: Rivnay, Jonathan
name: Salleo, Alberto
name: Stingelin, Natalie
name: Silva, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optoelectronic properties of macromolecular semiconductors depend fundamentally on their solid-state microstructure. For example, the molecular-weight distribution influences polymeric- semiconductor properties via diverse microstructures; polymers of low weight-average molecular weight (Mw) form unconnected, extended-chain crystals, usually of a paraffinic structure. Because of the non-entangled nature of the relatively short-chain macromolecules, this leads to a polycrystalline, one-phase morphology. In contrast, with high-Mw materials, where average chain lengths are longer than the length between entanglements, two-phase morphologies, comprised of crystalline moieties embedded in largely unordered (amorphous) regions, are obtained. We investigate charge photogeneration processes in neat regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) of varying Mw by means of time-resolved photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. At 10 K, PL originating from recombination of long-lived charge pairs decays over microsecond timescales. Both the amplitude and decay rate distribution depend strongly on Mw. In films with dominant one-phase chain-extended microstructures, the delayed PL is suppressed as a result of a diminished yield of photoinduced charges, and its decay is significantly faster than in two-phase microstructures. However, independent of Mw, charge recombination regenerates singlet excitons in torsionally disordered chains forming more strongly coupled photophysical aggregates than those in the steady-state ensemble, with delayed PL lineshape reminiscent of that in paraffinic morphologies at steady state. We conclude that highly delocalized excitons in disordered regions between crystalline and amorphous phases dissociate extrinsically with yield and spatial distribution that depend intimately upon microstructure.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
A nonlinear method for imaging with acoustic waves via reduced order model backprojection
Creators: name: Druskin, Vladimir
name: Mamonov, Alexander V.
name: Zaslavsky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 86A22, 35R30, 41A05, 65N21

description: We introduce a novel nonlinear imaging method for the acoustic wave equation based on data-driven model order reduction. The objective is to image the discontinuities of the acoustic velocity, a coefficient of the scalar wave equation from the discretely sampled time domain data measured at an array of transducers that can act as both sources and receivers. We treat the wave equation along with transducer functionals as a dynamical system. A reduced order model (ROM) for the propagator of such system can be computed so that it interpolates exactly the measured time domain data. The resulting ROM is an orthogonal projection of the propagator on the subspace of the snapshots of solutions of the acoustic wave equation. While the wavefield snapshots are unknown, the projection ROM can be computed entirely from the measured data, thus we refer to such ROM as data-driven. The image is obtained by backprojecting the ROM. Since the basis functions for the projection subspace are not known, we replace them with the ones computed for a known smooth kinematic velocity model. A crucial step of ROM construction is an implicit orthogonalization of solution snapshots. It is a nonlinear procedure that differentiates our approach from the conventional linear imaging methods (Kirchhoff migration and reverse time migration - RTM). It resolves all dynamical behavior captured by the data, so the error from the imperfect knowledge of the velocity model is purely kinematic. This allows for almost complete removal of multiple reflection artifacts, while simultaneously improving the resolution in the range direction compared to conventional RTM.
description: 33 pages, 8 figures
A Parallel Section Functor for 2-Vector Bundles
Creators: name: Schweigert, Christoph
name: Woike, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We associate to a 2-vector bundle over an essentially finite groupoid a 2-vector space of parallel sections, or, in representation theoretic terms, of higher invariants, which can be described as homotopy fixed points. Our main result is the extension of this assignment to a symmetric monoidal 2-functor $\operatorname{Par} : \mathbf{2VecBunGrpd} \to \mathbf{2Vect}$. It is defined on the symmetric monoidal bicategory $\mathbf{2VecBunGrpd}$ whose morphisms arise from spans of groupoids in such a way that the functor $\operatorname{Par}$ provides pull-push maps between 2-vector spaces of parallel sections of 2-vector bundles. The direct motivation for our construction comes from the orbifoldization of extended equivariant topological field theories.
description: v1: 32 pages, v2: long overdue update to published version, apart from some small changes, mostly made necessary since v1 used now obselete TeX packages
title: Symptomatic radiation recall pneumonitis induced by immunotherapy
Creators: name: ETXEBERRIA KAIUELA, LAIDA
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 77-year-old man was diagnosed with lung adenocarcinoma in right lower lobe with mediastinal and cervical lymphadenopathies. He was treated with chemotherapy and sequential radiotherapy. 21 months after the diagnosis, due to progression, he was treated with anti-PD-L1 Atezolizumab. Three months later, the patient developed a process of respiratory failure.

description: 77 years, male
The Calculation of Two-Particle Quantities in the Typical Medium Dynamical Cluster Approximation
Creators: name: Zhang, Y.
name: Zhang, Y. F.
name: Yang, S. X.
name: Tam, K. -M.
name: Vidhyadhiraja, N. S.
name: Jarrell, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mean-field theory for disordered electron systems without interaction is widely and successfully used to describe equilibrium properties of materials over the whole range of disorder strengths. However, it fails to take into account the effects of quantum coherence and information of localization. Vertex corrections due to multiple back-scatterings may drive the electrical conductivity to zero and make expansions around the mean field in strong disorder problematic. Here, we present a method for the calculation of two-particle quantities which enable us to characterize the metal-insulator transitions (MIT) in disordered electron systems by using the Typical Medium Dynamical Cluster Approximation (TMDCA). We show how to include vertex corrections and the information about the mobility edge to the typical mean-field theory. We successfully demonstrate the application of the developed method by showing that the conductivity formulated in this way properly characterizes the MIT in disordered systems.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Ill-distributed sets over global fields and exceptional sets in Diophantine Geometry
Creators: name: Paredes, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G50, 11G99, 11P70, 11U09

description: Let $K\subseteq \mathbb{R}$ be a number field. Using techniques of discrete analysis, we prove that for definable sets $X$ in $\mathbb{R}_{\exp}$ of dimension at most $2$ a conjecture of Wilkie about the density of rational points is equivalent to the fact that $X$ is badly distributed at the level of residue classes for many primes of $K$. This provides a new strategy to prove this conjecture of Wilkie. In order to prove this result, we are lead to study an inverse problem as in the works \cite{Walsh2, Walsh}, but in the context of number fields, or more generally global fields. Specifically, we prove that if $K$ is a global field, then every subset $S\subseteq \mathbb{P}^{n}(K)$ consisting of rational points of projective height bounded by $N$, occupying few residue classes modulo $\mathfrak{p}$ for many primes $\mathfrak{p}$ of $K$, must essentially lie in the solution set of a polynomial equation of degree $\ll (\log(N))^{C}$, for some constant $C$.
description: Final version. To appear in Acta Arithmetica. 25 pages
Galactic Supernova Remnant Candidates Discovered by THOR
Creators: name: Anderson, L. D.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Bihr, S.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Bigiel, F.
name: Churchwell, E.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Goodman, Alyssa A.
name: Henning, Th.
name: Heyer, M.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Linz, H.
name: Longmore, S. N.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Ott, J.
name: Roy, N.
name: Rugel, M.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Stil, J. M.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a considerable deficiency in the number of known supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Galaxy compared to that expected. Searches for extended low-surface brightness radio sources may find new Galactic SNRs, but confusion with the much larger population of HII regions makes identifying such features challenging. SNRs can, however, be separated from HII regions using their significantly lower mid-infrared (MIR) to radio continuum intensity ratios. We use the combination of high-resolution 1-2 GHz continuum data from The HI, OH, Recombination line survey of the Milky Way (THOR) and lower-resolution VLA 1.4 GHz Galactic Plane Survey (VGPS) continuum data, together with MIR data from the Spitzer GLIMPSE, Spitzer MIPSGAL, and WISE surveys to identify SNR candidates. To ensure that the candidates are not being confused with HII regions, we exclude radio continuum sources from the WISE Catalog of Galactic HII Regions, which contains all known and candidate H II regions in the Galaxy. We locate 76 new Galactic SNR candidates in the THOR and VGPS combined survey area of 67.4deg>l>17.5deg, |b|<1.25deg and measure the radio flux density for 52 previously-known SNRs. The candidate SNRs have a similar spatial distribution to the known SNRs, although we note a large number of new candidates near l=30deg, the tangent point of the Scutum spiral arm. The candidates are on average smaller in angle compared to the known regions, 6.4'+/-4.7' versus 11.0'+/-7.8', and have lower integrated flux densities. If the 76 candidates are confirmed as true SNRs, for example using radio polarization measurements or by deriving radio spectral indices, this would more than double the number of known Galactic SNRs in the survey area. This large increase would still, however, leave a discrepancy between the known and expected SNR populations of about a factor of two.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
Stochastic Simulation of Reaction-Diffusion Systems: A Fluctuating-Hydrodynamics Approach
Creators: name: Kim, Changho
name: Nonaka, Andy
name: Bell, John B.
name: Garcia, Alejandro L.
name: Donev, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop numerical methods for reaction-diffusion systems based on the equations of fluctuating hydrodynamics (FHD). While the FHD formulation is formally described by stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs), it becomes similar to the reaction-diffusion master equation (RDME) description when those SPDEs are spatially discretized and reactions are modeled as a source term having Poisson fluctuations. However, unlike the RDME, the FHD description naturally extends from the regime where fluctuations are strong, i.e., each hydrodynamic cell has few (reactive) molecules, to regimes with moderate or weak fluctuations, and ultimately to the deterministic limit. By treating diffusion implicitly, we avoid the severe restriction on time step size that limits all methods based on explicit treatments of diffusion, and construct numerical methods that are more efficient than RDME methods, without compromising accuracy. We find that an implicit midpoint tau leaping scheme attains second-order weak accuracy for the linearized FHD, and gives an accurate and stable structure factor for a time step size an order of magnitude larger than the hopping time scale of diffusing molecules. We study the numerical accuracy of our methods for the Schlögl reaction-diffusion model both in and out of thermodynamic equilibrium. We demonstrate and quantify the importance of thermodynamic fluctuations to the formation of a two-dimensional Turing-like pattern, and examine the effect of fluctuations on three-dimensional chemical front propagation. By comparing FHD simulations to deterministic reaction-diffusion simulations, we show that fluctuations accelerate pattern formation in spatially homogeneous systems, and lead to a qualitatively-different disordered pattern behind a traveling wave.
description: To appear in J. Chem. Phys., 2017
First Demonstration of a Scintillating Xenon Bubble Chamber for Detecting Dark Matter and Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering
Creators: name: Baxter, D.
name: Chen, C. J.
name: Crisler, M.
name: Cwiok, T.
name: Dahl, C. E.
name: Grimsted, A.
name: Gupta, J.
name: Jin, M.
name: Puig, R.
name: Temples, D.
name: Zhang, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A 30-g xenon bubble chamber, operated at Northwestern University in June and November 2016, has for the first time observed simultaneous bubble nucleation and scintillation by nuclear recoils in a superheated liquid. This chamber is instrumented with a CCD camera for near-IR bubble imaging, a solar-blind photomultiplier tube to detect 175-nm xenon scintillation light, and a piezoelectric acoustic transducer to detect the ultrasonic emission from a growing bubble. The time of nucleation determined from the acoustic signal is used to correlate specific scintillation pulses with bubble-nucleating events. We report on data from this chamber for thermodynamic "Seitz" thresholds from 4.2 to 15.0 keV. The observed single- and multiple-bubble rates when exposed to a $^{252}$Cf neutron source indicate that, for an 8.3-keV thermodynamic threshold, the minimum nuclear recoil energy required to nucleate a bubble is $19\pm6$ keV (1$σ$ uncertainty). This is consistent with the observed scintillation spectrum for bubble-nucleating events. We see no evidence for bubble nucleation by gamma rays at any of the thresholds studied, setting a 90% C.L. upper limit of $6.3\times10^{-7}$ bubbles per gamma interaction at a 4.2-keV thermodynamic threshold. This indicates stronger gamma discrimination than in CF$_3$I bubble chambers, supporting the hypothesis that scintillation production suppresses bubble nucleation by electron recoils while nuclear recoils nucleate bubbles as usual. These measurements establish the noble-liquid bubble chamber as a promising new technology for the detection of weakly interacting massive particle dark matter and coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Published version
Revisiting Precision and Recall Definition for Generative Model Evaluation
Creators: name: Simon, Loïc
name: Webster, Ryan
name: Rabin, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article we revisit the definition of Precision-Recall (PR) curves for generative models proposed by Sajjadi et al. (arXiv:1806.00035). Rather than providing a scalar for generative quality, PR curves distinguish mode-collapse (poor recall) and bad quality (poor precision). We first generalize their formulation to arbitrary measures, hence removing any restriction to finite support. We also expose a bridge between PR curves and type I and type II error rates of likelihood ratio classifiers on the task of discriminating between samples of the two distributions. Building upon this new perspective, we propose a novel algorithm to approximate precision-recall curves, that shares some interesting methodological properties with the hypothesis testing technique from Lopez-Paz et al (arXiv:1610.06545). We demonstrate the interest of the proposed formulation over the original approach on controlled multi-modal datasets.
description: ICML 2019
title: Exploring the ‘pars intermedia’: the Rathke’s cleft cyst
Creators: name: Fettane Gómez, Said
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 42-year-old woman presents with intermittent headaches and persistent thirst, as well as increased trips to the bathroom. The ophthalmological assessment was normal and no visual field defects were detected. After a vasopressin (DDAVP) challenge test, central Diabetes Insipidus is suspected and brain MRI is ordered to rule out pituitary lesions.

description: 42 years, female
Time Series Prediction for Graphs in Kernel and Dissimilarity Spaces
Creators: name: Paaßen, Benjamin
name: Göpfert, Christina
name: Hammer, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph models are relevant in many fields, such as distributed computing, intelligent tutoring systems or social network analysis. In many cases, such models need to take changes in the graph structure into account, i.e. a varying number of nodes or edges. Predicting such changes within graphs can be expected to yield important insight with respect to the underlying dynamics, e.g. with respect to user behaviour. However, predictive techniques in the past have almost exclusively focused on single edges or nodes. In this contribution, we attempt to predict the future state of a graph as a whole. We propose to phrase time series prediction as a regression problem and apply dissimilarity- or kernel-based regression techniques, such as 1-nearest neighbor, kernel regression and Gaussian process regression, which can be applied to graphs via graph kernels. The output of the regression is a point embedded in a pseudo-Euclidean space, which can be analyzed using subsequent dissimilarity- or kernel-based processing methods. We discuss strategies to speed up Gaussian Processes regression from cubic to linear time and evaluate our approach on two well-established theoretical models of graph evolution as well as two real data sets from the domain of intelligent tutoring systems. We find that simple regression methods, such as kernel regression, are sufficient to capture the dynamics in the theoretical models, but that Gaussian process regression significantly improves the prediction error for real-world data.
description: preprint of a submission to 'Neural Processing Letters' (Special issue 'Off the mainstream')
Gyrokinetic projection of the divertor heat-flux width from present tokamaks to ITER
Creators: name: Chang, C. S.
name: Ku, S.
name: Loarte, A.
name: Parail, V.
name: Köchl, F.
name: Romanelli, M.
name: Maingi, R.
name: Ahn, J. -W.
name: Gray, T.
name: Hughes, J.
name: LaBombard, B.
name: Leonard, T.
name: Makowski, M.
name: Terry, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The XGC1 edge gyrokinetic code is used for a high fidelity prediction for the width of the heat-flux to divertor plates in attached plasma condition. The simulation results are validated against the empirical scaling $λ_q \propto B_P^{-γ}$ obtained from present tokamak devices, where $λ_q$ is the divertor heat-flux width mapped to the outboard midplane and $γ_q=1.19$ as defined by T. Eich et al. [Nucl. Fusion 53 (2013) 093031], and $B_P$ is the magnitude of the poloidal magnetic field at outboard midplane separatrix surface. This empirical scaling predicts $λ_q \leq 1mm$ when extrapolated to ITER, which would require operation with very high separatrix densities $(n_{sep}/n_{Greenwald} > 0.6)$ in the Q=10 scenario to achieve semi-detached plasma operation and high radiative fractions leading to acceptable divertor power fluxes. XGC1 predicts, however, that $λ_q$ for ITER is over 5 mm, suggesting that operation in the ITER Q=10 scenario with acceptable divertor power loads could be obtained over a wider range of plasma separatrix densities and radiative fractions. The physics reason behind this difference is, according to the XGC1 results, that while the ion magnetic drift contribution to the divertor heat-flux width is wider in the present tokamaks, the turbulent electron contribution is wider in ITER. A high current C-Mod discharge is found to be in a mixed regime: While the heat-flux width by the ion neoclassical magnetic drift is still wider than the turbulent electron heat-flux width, the heat-flux magnitude is dominated by the narrower electron heat-flux.
description: Submitted to Nuclear Fusion
Bifurcation Diagrams of Global Connections in Filippov Systems
Creators: name: Andrade, Kamila S.
name: Gomide, Otávio M. L.
name: Novaes, Douglas D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A36, 34C23, 37G15, 34C37

description: In this paper, we are concerned about the qualitative behavior of planar Filippov systems around some typical invariant sets, namely, polycycles. In the smooth context, a polycycle is a simple closed curve composed by a collection of singularities and regular orbits, inducing a first return map. Here, this concept is extended to Filippov systems by allowing typical Filippov singularities lying on the switching manifold. Our main goal consists in developing a method to investigate the unfolding of polycycles in Filippov systems. In addition, we apply this method to describe bifurcation diagrams of Filippov systems around certain polycycles.
title: An unusual presentation of penile fracture
Creators: name: George, Kevin
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Uroradiology & genital male imaging
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old patient presented to A&E with complaints of sudden onset pain in scrotum extending to perineum, scrotal swelling, loss of penile erection following sexual intercourse. On examination the patient had scrotal swelling and bruising at the base of the penis and scrotum, but no penile swelling. 

description: 35 years, male
Asynchronous and Parallel Distributed Pose Graph Optimization
Creators: name: Tian, Yulun
name: Koppel, Alec
name: Bedi, Amrit Singh
name: How, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Asynchronous Stochastic Parallel Pose Graph Optimization (ASAPP), the first asynchronous algorithm for distributed pose graph optimization (PGO) in multi-robot simultaneous localization and mapping. By enabling robots to optimize their local trajectory estimates without synchronization, ASAPP offers resiliency against communication delays and alleviates the need to wait for stragglers in the network. Furthermore, ASAPP can be applied on the rank-restricted relaxations of PGO, a crucial class of non-convex Riemannian optimization problems that underlies recent breakthroughs on globally optimal PGO. Under bounded delay, we establish the global first-order convergence of ASAPP using a sufficiently small stepsize. The derived stepsize depends on the worst-case delay and inherent problem sparsity, and furthermore matches known result for synchronous algorithms when there is no delay. Numerical evaluations on simulated and real-world datasets demonstrate favorable performance compared to state-of-the-art synchronous approach, and show ASAPP's resilience against a wide range of delays in practice.
description: full paper with appendices
Abstract Vergleichsstellensätze for preordered semifields and semirings I
Creators: name: Fritz, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06F25 (Primary), 12K10, 16Y60 (Secondary)

description: Real algebra is usually thought of as the study of certain kinds of preorders on fields and rings. Among its core themes are the separation theorems known as Positivstellensätze. However, there is a nascent subfield of real algebra which studies preordered semirings and semifields, which is motivated by applications to probability, graph theory and theoretical computer science, among others. Here, we contribute to this subfield by developing a number of foundational results for it, with two abstract Vergleichsstellensätze being our main theorems. Our first Vergleichsstellensatz states that every semifield preorder is the intersection of its total extensions. We apply this to derive our second main result, a Vergleichsstellensatz for certain non-Archimedean preordered semirings in which the homomorphisms to the tropical reals play an important role. We show how this result recovers the existing Vergleichsstellensatz of Strassen and (through the latter) the classical Positivstellensatz of Krivine--Kadison--Dubois.
description: 47 pages. v3: substantial revision of part of earlier version. Other parts will appear separately. v4, v5: minor revision
Physical conditions of the molecular gas in metal-poor galaxies
Creators: name: Hunt, L. K.
name: Weiss, A.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Combes, F.
name: Garcia-Burillo, S.
name: Casasola, V.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Lundgren, A.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Testi, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the molecular component of the interstellar medium in metal-poor galaxies has been challenging because of the faintness of carbon monoxide emission, the most common proxy of H2. Here we present new detections of molecular gas at low metallicities, and assess the physical conditions in the gas through various CO transitions for 8 galaxies. For one, NGC 1140 (Z/Zsun ~ 0.3), two detections of 13CO isotopologues and atomic carbon, [CI](1-0), and an upper limit for HCN(1-0) are also reported. After correcting to a common beam size, we compared 12CO(2-1)/12CO(1-0) (R21) and 12CO(3-2)/12CO(1-0) (R31) line ratios of our sample with galaxies from the literature and find that only NGC 1140 shows extreme values (R21 ~ R31 ~ 2). Fitting physical models to the 12CO and 13CO emission in NGC 1140 suggests that the molecular gas is cool (kinetic temperature Tkin<=20 K), dense (H2 volume density nH2 >= $10^6$ cm$^{-3}$), with moderate CO column density (NCO ~ $10^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$) and low filling factor. Surprisingly, the [12CO]/[13CO] abundance ratio in NGC 1140 is very low (~ 8-20), lower even than the value of 24 found in the Galactic Center. The young age of the starburst in NGC 1140 precludes 13C enrichment from evolved intermediate-mass stars; instead we attribute the low ratio to charge-exchange reactions and fractionation, because of the enhanced efficiency of these processes in cool gas at moderate column densities. Fitting physical models to 12CO and [CI](1-0) emission in NGC 1140 gives an unusually low [12CO]/[12C] abundance ratio, suggesting that in this galaxy atomic carbon is at least 10 times more abundant than 12CO.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures, 2 appendices, A&A, in press
The APS-index and the spectral flow
Creators: name: Dungen, Koen van den
name: Ronge, Lennart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A53, 58J20, 58J30

description: We study the Atiyah-Patodi-Singer (APS) index, and its equality to the spectral flow, in an abstract, functional analytic setting. More precisely, we consider a (suitably continuous or differentiable) family of self-adjoint Fredholm operators $A(t)$ on a Hilbert space, parametrised by $t$ in a finite interval. We then consider two different operators, namely $D := \frac{d}{dt}+A$ (the abstract analogue of a Riemannian Dirac operator) and $D := \frac{d}{dt}-iA$ (the abstract analogue of a Lorentzian Dirac operator). The latter case is inspired by a recent index theorem by Bär and Strohmaier (Amer.\ J.\ Math. 141 (2019), 1421--1455) for a Lorentzian Dirac operator equipped with APS boundary conditions. In both cases, we prove that Fredholm index of the operator $D$ equipped with APS boundary conditions is equal to the spectral flow of the family $A(t)$.
Micro Fourier Transform Profilometry ($μ$FTP): 3D shape measurement at 10,000 frames per second
Creators: name: Zuo, Chao
name: Tao, Tianyang
name: Feng, Shijie
name: Huang, Lei
name: Asundi, Anand
name: Chen, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent advances in imaging sensors and digital light projection technology have facilitated a rapid progress in 3D optical sensing, enabling 3D surfaces of complex-shaped objects to be captured with improved resolution and accuracy. However, due to the large number of projection patterns required for phase recovery and disambiguation, the maximum fame rates of current 3D shape measurement techniques are still limited to the range of hundreds of frames per second (fps). Here, we demonstrate a new 3D dynamic imaging technique, Micro Fourier Transform Profilometry ($μ$FTP), which can capture 3D surfaces of transient events at up to 10,000 fps based on our newly developed high-speed fringe projection system. Compared with existing techniques, $μ$FTP has the prominent advantage of recovering an accurate, unambiguous, and dense 3D point cloud with only two projected patterns. Furthermore, the phase information is encoded within a single high-frequency fringe image, thereby allowing motion-artifact-free reconstruction of transient events with temporal resolution of 50 microseconds. To show $μ$FTP's broad utility, we use it to reconstruct 3D videos of 4 transient scenes: vibrating cantilevers, rotating fan blades, bullet fired from a toy gun, and balloon's explosion triggered by a flying dart, which were previously difficult or even unable to be captured with conventional approaches.
description: This manuscript was originally submitted on 30th January 17
title: Abdominal pain in a patient with ventriculoperitoneal shunt
Creators: name: EL OUATI, ACHRAF
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Peritoneum
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: 36-year-old man, with a history of ventriculoperitoneal shunt placed 6 years ago for hydrocephalus on spina bifida, presenting with headache, vomiting and blurry vision suggesting increased intracranial pressure associated with abdominal pain and distension for the past 6 days. No infectious symptoms, no absolute constipation and no history of malignancy were present. Physical examination showed a 10 cm non-painful hypogastric mass.

A brain CT was initially performed, showing communicating hydrocephalus with the presence of the proximal tip of the ventriculo peritoneal drain within the lateral ventricles. 

description: 36 years, male
Robustness of symmetry-protected topological states against time-periodic perturbations
Creators: name: Balabanov, Oleksandr
name: Johannesson, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The existence of gapless boundary states is a key attribute of any topological insulator. Topological band theory predicts that these states are robust against static perturbations that preserve the relevant symmetries. In this article, using Floquet theory, we examine how chiral symmetry-protection extends also to states subject to time-periodic perturbations $-$ in one-dimensional Floquet topological insulators as well as in ordinary one-dimensional time-independent topological insulators. It is found that, in the case of the latter, the edge modes are resistant to a much larger class of time-periodic symmetry-preserving perturbations than in Floquet topological insulators. Notably, boundary states in chiral time-independent topological insulators also exhibit an unexpected resilience against a certain type of symmetry-breaking time-periodic perturbations. We argue that this is a generic property for topological phases protected by chiral symmetry. Implications for experiments are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures; published version