cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Attentive Deep Neural Networks for Legal Document Retrieval
Creators: name: Nguyen, Ha-Thanh
name: Phi, Manh-Kien
name: Ngo, Xuan-Bach
name: Tran, Vu
name: Nguyen, Le-Minh
name: Tu, Minh-Phuong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Legal text retrieval serves as a key component in a wide range of legal text processing tasks such as legal question answering, legal case entailment, and statute law retrieval. The performance of legal text retrieval depends, to a large extent, on the representation of text, both query and legal documents. Based on good representations, a legal text retrieval model can effectively match the query to its relevant documents. Because legal documents often contain long articles and only some parts are relevant to queries, it is quite a challenge for existing models to represent such documents. In this paper, we study the use of attentive neural network-based text representation for statute law document retrieval. We propose a general approach using deep neural networks with attention mechanisms. Based on it, we develop two hierarchical architectures with sparse attention to represent long sentences and articles, and we name them Attentive CNN and Paraformer. The methods are evaluated on datasets of different sizes and characteristics in English, Japanese, and Vietnamese. Experimental results show that: i) Attentive neural methods substantially outperform non-neural methods in terms of retrieval performance across datasets and languages; ii) Pretrained transformer-based models achieve better accuracy on small datasets at the cost of high computational complexity while lighter weight Attentive CNN achieves better accuracy on large datasets; and iii) Our proposed Paraformer outperforms state-of-the-art methods on COLIEE dataset, achieving the highest recall and F2 scores in the top-N retrieval task.
description: Preprint version. The official version will be published in Artificial Intelligence and Law journal
Georg Greflinger – Digitale Archiv-Edition sämtlicher Werke und Schriften. Pilotprojekt: Ethica Complementoria (1645) [Slides]
Creators: name: Rockenberger, Annika
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Georg Greflinger
Ethica Complementoria
Digital Scholarly Edition
XML
Early Modern Literature

description: Slides accompanying the poster presented at the Digital Humanities Deutschland Unconference in Hamburg, Germany, 17 July 2012.
Role of strain in interacting silicon nanoclusters
Creators: name: Guerra, Roberto
name: Ossicini, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of controlling the optical transition probability between neighbouring silicon nanoclusters (Si-NCs) constitutes nowadays an attractive prospect in nanophotonics and photovoltaics. In this work, by means of theoretical ab-initio calculations we investigate the effect of strain on the opto-electronic properties of Si-NCs pairs. We consider two sources of strain: the strain induced by an embedding SiO2 matrix, and the strain generated by mutual NC-NC forces occurring at small distances. Independently on its source, we observe a fundamental impact of the strain on the orbitals localization and, as a consequence, on the transition probability between energy states, belonging or not to the same NC. The resulting picture allots to the structural strain a fundamental role in the NC-NC interaction mechanisms, suggesting the possibility of enabling a strain-controlled response in Si-NC ensambles.
The Fourier restriction norm method for the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation
Creators: name: Grünrock, Axel
name: Herr, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53

description: The Cauchy problem for the Zakharov-Kuznetsov equation is shown to be locally well-posed in H^s(R^2) for all s>1/2 by using the Fourier restriction norm method and bilinear refinements of Strichartz type inequalities.
Additional file 3 of Model selection for component network meta-analysis in connected and disconnected networks: a simulation study
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Rücker, Gerta
name: Weibel, Stephanie
name: Kranke, Peter
name: Schwarzer, Guido
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3.
Isolation and Identification of Streptococcus Uberis in Lactating Cows of Haramaya University Dairy Farm
Creators: name: Feyisa, Agari
name: Hassen, Anwar
name: Tamerat, Nateneal
name: Abraha, Ashebr
Publisher: name: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Year: 2017

description: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 40 lactating dairy cows of Haramaya University dairy farm from November 2014 to April 2015 to isolate Streptococcus uberis and assess risk factors. A checklist, farm inspection, and clinical examination of cattle were employed to collect data before laboratory examination of milk samples. Lactating animals were examined for the presence of clinical signs of mastitis. Physical examination of milk samples and California Mastitis Test (CMT) were conducted. Milk samples collected from clinically mastitic cows and CMT positive samples were subjected to microbiological examinations. Isolation and identification of Streptococcus uberis were carried out according to standard microbiological procedure. From 40 cows udders examined, 17 (42.5%) and 3 (7.5%) were sub-clinically and clinically affected, respectively. Streptococcus uberis was isolated from 2 (5%) of these cows. Out of 160 quarters examined, 11 (6.88%), 20 (12.5%) and 50 (31.25%) of the quarters were blind, clinically mastitic and sub-clinically mastitic, respectively. Streptococcus uberis was isolated from hind quarters of two sub-clinically mastitic dairy cattle. In conclusion, the present study revealed low isolation rate, however, it’s potential to spread and negative impact on quality milk production should not be neglected. Therefore, emphasis should be given to the control of mastitis due to this pathogen by improving hygienic and sanitation management measures.
description: East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Vol. 1 No. 1 (2017): East African Journal of Veterinary and Animal Sciences
Generating entangled states from coherent states in circuit-QED
Creators: name: Qi, Shi-fan
name: Jing, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled states are self-evidently important to a wide range of applications in quantum communication and quantum information processing. We propose an efficient and convenient two-step protocol for generating Bell states and NOON states of two microwave resonators from merely coherent states. In particular, we derive an effective Hamiltonian for resonators coupled to a superconducting $Λ$-type qutrit in the dispersive regime. By the excitation-number-dependent Stark shifts of the qutrit transition frequencies, we are able to individually control the amplitudes of specified Fock states of the resonators associated with relevant qutrit transition, using carefully tailored microwave drive signals. Thereby an arbitrary bipartite entangled state in Fock space can be generated by a typical evolution-and-measurement procedure. We analysis the undesired state transitions and the robustness of our protocol against the systematic errors from the microwave driving intensity and frequency, the quantum decoherence of all components, and the crosstalk of two resonators. In addition, we demonstrate that our protocol can be extended to a similar scenario with a $Ξ$-type qutrit.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, 1 table
The S2 star as a probe of the accretion disk of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Giannios, Dimitrios
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How accretion proceeds around the massive black hole in the Galactic center and other highly sub-Eddington accretors remains poorly understood. The orbit of the S2 star in the Galactic center passes through the accretion disk of the massive black hole and any observational signature from such interaction may be used as an accretion probe. Because of its early stellar type, S2 is expected to possess a fairly powerful wind. We show here that the ram pressure of the accretion disk shocks the stellar wind fairly close to the star. The shocked fluid reaches a temperature of ~ 1 keV and cools efficiently through optically thin, thermal bremsstrahlung emission. The radiation from the shocked wind peaks around the epoch of the pericenter passage of the star at a luminosity potentially comparable to the quiescent emission detected from Sgr A*. Detection of shocked wind radiation can constrain the density of the accretion disk at a distance of several thousands of gravitational radii from the black hole.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, submitted to MNRAS
Nuclear Drell-Yan effect in a covariant model
Creators: name: Korpa, C. L.
name: Dieperink, A. E. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate effects of nuclear medium on antiquark distribution in nuclei applying the results of a recently developed relativistically-covariant self-consistent model for the pion and the isobar. We take into account Fermi motion including Pauli blocking and binding effects on the nucleons and medium effects on the isobar and pion leading to modest enhancement of the pion light-cone-momentum distribution in large nuclei. As a consequence the Drell-Yan cross-section ratio with respect to the deuteron exceeds one only for small values of the light-cone momentum.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures
A graph empowered insider threat detection framework based on daily activities
Creators: name: Hong, W
name: Yin, Jiao
name: You, M
name: Wang, H
name: Cao, Jinli
name: Li, J
name: Liu, M
name: Man, C
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4009
subject: Electronics, sensors and digital hardware

description: While threats from outsiders are easier to alleviate, effective ways seldom exist to handle threats from insiders. The key to managing insider threats lies in engineering behavioral features efficiently and classifying them correctly. To handle challenges in feature engineering, we propose an integrated feature engineering solution based on daily activities, combining manually-selected features and automatically-extracted features together. Particularly, an LSTM auto-encoder is introduced for automatic feature engineering from sequential activities. To improve detection, a residual hybrid network (ResHybnet) containing GNN and CNN components is also proposed along with an organizational graph, taking a user-day combination as a node. Experimental results show that the proposed LSTM auto-encoder could extract hidden patterns from sequential activities efficiently, improving F1 score by 0.56%. Additionally, with the designed residual link, our ResHybnet model works well to boost performance and has outperformed the best of other models by 1.97% on the same features. We published our code on GitHub: https://github.com/Wayne-on-the-road/ResHybnet.
Flux emergence in a magnetized convection zone
Creators: name: Pinto, R. F.
name: Brun, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the influence of a dynamo magnetic field on the buoyant rise and emergence of twisted magnetic flux-ropes, and their influence on the global external magnetic field. We ran 3D MHD numerical simulations using the ASH code and analysed the dynamical evolution of such buoyant flux-ropes from the bottom of the convection zone until the post-emergence phases. The global nature of this model represents very crudely and inaccurately the local dynamics of the buoyant rise, but allows to study the influence of global effects such as self-consistently generated differential rotation, meridional circulation and Coriolis forces. Although motivated by the solar context, this model cannot be thought of as a realistic model of the rise of magnetic structures and their emergence in the Sun where the local dynamics are completely different. The properties of initial phases of the buoyant rise in good agreement with previous studies. However, the effects of the interaction of the background dynamo field become increase as the flux-ropes evolve. During the buoyant rise across the CZ, the flux-rope's magnetic field strength and scales as $rho^a$, with $a\lesssim 1$. An increase of velocity, density and current precedes flux emergence at all longitudes. The geometry, latitude and relative orientation of the flux-ropes with respect to the background magnetic field influences the rise speeds, zonal flow amplitudes (which develop within the flux-ropes) and the corresponding surface signatures. This influences the morphology, duration and amplitude of the associated surface shearing and Poynting flux. The emerged flux influences the system's global polarity, leading in some cases to a polarity reversal while inhibiting background dynamo from doing so in some others. The emerged magnetic flux is slowly advected poleward, while being diffused and assimilated by the background dynamo field.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Oxidative azidations of phenols and ketones using iodine azide after release from an ion exchange resin
Creators: name: Kösel, Teresa
name: Dräger, Gerald
name: Kirschning, Andreas
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ion exchange resins
subject: Ketones
subject: Phenols
subject: Mechanistic studies
subject: Ion exchange
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The oxidative oligoazidation of phenols and ketones using iodine azide (IN3) provided by its release from an ion exchange resin is reported. Preliminary mechanistic studies indicate a previously unknown reactivity of iodine azide toward phenols and ketones. © The Royal Society of Chemistry 2021.
Identification and rejection of scattered neutrons in AGATA
Creators: name: Şenyiğit, M.
name: Ataç, A.
name: Akkoyun, S.
name: Kaşkaş, A.
name: Bazzacco, D.
name: Nyberg, J.
name: Recchia, F.
name: Brambilla, S.
name: Camera, F.
name: Crespi, F. C. L.
name: Farnea, E.
name: Giaz, A.
name: Gottardo, A.
name: Kempley, R.
name: Ljungvall, J.
name: Mengoni, D.
name: Michelagnoli, C.
name: Million, B.
name: Palacz, M.
name: Pellegri, L.
name: Riboldi, S.
name: Şahin, E.
name: Söderström, P. A.
name: Dobon, J. J. Valiente
name: collaboration, the AGATA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma rays and neutrons, emitted following spontaneous fission of 252Cf, were measured in an AGATA experiment performed at INFN Laboratori Nazionali di Legnaro in Italy. The setup consisted of four AGATA triple cluster detectors (12 36-fold segmented high-purity germanium crystals), placed at a distance of 50 cm from the source, and 16 HELENA BaF2 detectors. The aim of the experiment was to study the interaction of neutrons in the segmented high-purity germanium detectors of AGATA and to investigate the possibility to discriminate neutrons and gamma rays with the gamma-ray tracking technique. The BaF2 detectors were used for a time-of-flight measurement, which gave an independent discrimination of neutrons and gamma rays and which was used to optimise the gamma-ray tracking-based neutron rejection methods. It was found that standard gamma-ray tracking, without any additional neutron rejection features, eliminates effectively most of the interaction points due to recoiling Ge nuclei after elastic scattering of neutrons. Standard tracking rejects also a significant amount of the events due to inelastic scattering of neutrons in the germanium crystals. Further enhancements of the neutron rejection was obtained by setting conditions on the following quantities, which were evaluated for each event by the tracking algorithm: energy of the first and second interaction point, difference in the calculated incoming direction of the gamma ray, figure-of-merit value. The experimental results of tracking with neutron rejection agree rather well with Geant4 simulations.
Additional file 4 of Model selection for component network meta-analysis in connected and disconnected networks: a simulation study
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Rücker, Gerta
name: Weibel, Stephanie
name: Kranke, Peter
name: Schwarzer, Guido
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4.
Tulipa grengiolensis Thommen
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: T. grengiolensis Thommen (T. Gesneriana L. f. grengiolensis Binz) 4: Grengiols, in Roggenäckern, zwei Stellen, in den f. omnino-lutea Thommen und rubro-variegata Thommen (Thommen 1945; vgl. Thommen Lit. 1946). Kulturrelikt.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Disentangling the Seesaw in the Left-Right Model -- An Algorithm for the General Case
Creators: name: Kiers, Joshua
name: Kiers, Ken
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
name: Tarutina, Tatiana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Senjanovic and Tello have analyzed how one could determine the neutrino Dirac mass matrix in the minimal left-right model, assuming that the mass matrices for the light and heavy neutrinos could be taken as inputs. They have provided an analytical solution for the Dirac mass matrix in the case that the left-right symmetry is implemented via a generalized parity symmetry and that this symmetry remains unbroken in the Dirac Yukawa sector. We extend the work of Senjanovic and Tello to the case in which the generalized parity symmetry is broken in the Dirac Yukawa sector. In this case the elegant method outlined by Senjanovic and Tello breaks down and we need to adopt a numerical approach. Several iterative approaches are described; these are found to work in some cases but to be highly unstable in others. A stable, prescriptive numerical algorithm is described that works in all but a vanishingly small number of cases. We apply this algorithm to numerical data sets that are consistent with current experimental constraints on neutrino masses and mixings. We also provide some additional context and supporting explanations for the case in which the parity symmetry is unbroken.
description: 34 pages, 4 figures; published version
New Concept of Solvability in Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Znojil, Miloslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a pre-selected Hilbert space of quantum states the unitarity of the evolution is usually guaranteed via a pre-selection of the generator (i.e., of the Hamiltonian operator) in self-adjoint form. In fact, the simultaneous use of both of these pre-selections is overrestrictive. One should be allowed to make a given Hamiltonian self-adjoint only after an {\em ad hoc} generalization of Hermitian conjugation. We argue that in the generalized, hidden-Hermiticity scenario with nontrivial metric, the current concept of solvability (meaning, most often, the feasibility of a non-numerical diagonalization of Hamiltonian) requires a generalization allowing for a non-numerical form of metric. A few illustrative solvable quantum models of this type are presented.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
Additional file 5 of Model selection for component network meta-analysis in connected and disconnected networks: a simulation study
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Rücker, Gerta
name: Weibel, Stephanie
name: Kranke, Peter
name: Schwarzer, Guido
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 5.
Spectral hardening as a viable alternative to disc truncation in black hole state transitions
Creators: name: Salvesen, Greg
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Reis, Rubens C.
name: Begelman, Mitchell C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraining the accretion flow geometry of black hole binaries in outburst is complicated by the inability of simplified multi-colour disc models to distinguish between changes in the inner disc radius and alterations to the emergent spectrum, parameterised by the phenomenological colour correction factor, f_col. We analyse Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of the low mass Galactic black hole X-ray binary, GX 339-4, taken over seven epochs when the source was experiencing a state transition. The accretion disc component is isolated using a pipeline resulting in robust detections for disc luminosities, 0.001 < L_disc / L_Edd < 0.5. Assuming that the inner disc remains situated at the innermost stable circular orbit over the course of a state transition, we measure the relative degree of change in f_col required to explain the spectral evolution of the disc component. A variable f_col that increases by a factor of ~ 2.0 - 3.5 as the source transitions from the high/soft state to the low/hard state can adequately explain the observed disc spectral evolution. For the observations dominated by a disc component, the familiar scaling between the disc luminosity and effective temperature, L_disc ~ T_eff^4, is observed; however, significant deviations from this relation appear when GX 339-4 is in the hard intermediate and low/hard states. Allowing for an evolving f_col between spectral states, the L_disc-T_eff^4 law is recovered over the full range of disc luminosities, although this depends heavily on the physically conceivable range of f_col. We demonstrate that physically reasonable changes in f_col provide a viable description for multiple state transitions of a black hole binary without invoking radial motion of the inner accretion disc.
description: 28 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Spin Polarization and Anomalous Magnetic Moment in a (2 + 1)-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio model in a thermomagnetic background
Creators: name: Qiu, Yi-Wei
name: Feng, Sheng-Qin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magnetized QCD matter and chiral phase transition in a (2 þ 1)-flavor Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (NJL) model at finite temperature and chemical potential by comparing the contributions from the tensor spin polarization (TSP) and anomalous magnetic moment (AMM) of quarks. For light u and d quarks, when TSP and AMM are not considered, the magnetized system is characterized by magnetic catalysis. The introduction of TSP will further enhance the magnetic catalytic characteristics. On the other hand, when AMM is introduced, the phase-transition temperature decreases with the magnetic field, which is the feature of inverse magnetic catalysis. The phase diagram of u and d quarks will change from the crossover phase transition to the first order phase transition with the increase of magnetic field and chemical potential when AMM is induced. The phase diagram will not change from the crossover phase transition to the first-order phase transition when TSP is induced. For the phase diagram of strange s quark, whether TSP or AMM is induced, the phase diagram will keep a crossover phase transition with the increase of magnetic field and chemical potential.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures
Exactly soluble lattice models for non-abelian states of matter in 2 dimensions
Creators: name: Koch-Janusz, Maciej
name: Levin, Michael
name: Stern, Ady
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following an earlier construction of exactly soluble lattice models for abelian fractional topological insulators in two and three dimensions, we construct here an exactly soluble lattice model for a non-abelian $ν=1$ quantum Hall state and a non-abelian topological insulator in two dimensions. We show that both models are topologically ordered, exhibiting fractionalized charge, ground state degeneracy on the torus and protected edge modes. The models feature non-abelian vortices which carry fractional electric charge in the quantum Hall case and spin in the topological insulator case. We analyze the statistical properties of the excitations in detail and discuss the possibility of extending this construction to 3D non-abelian topological insulators.
Cavity-Catalyzed Hydrogen Transfer Dynamics in an Entangled Molecular Ensemble under Vibrational Strong Coupling
Creators: name: Fischer, Eric W.
name: Saalfrank, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Microcavities have been shown to influence the reactivity of molecular ensembles by strong coupling of molecular vibrations to quantized cavity modes. In quantum mechanical treatments of such scenarios, frequently idealized models with single molecules and scaled, effective molecule-cavity interactions or alternatively ensemble models with simplified model Hamiltonians are used. In this work, we go beyond these models by applying an ensemble variant of the Pauli-Fierz Hamiltonian for vibro-polaritonic chemistry and numerically solve the underlying time-dependent Schrödinger equation to study the cavity-induced quantum dynamics in an ensemble of thioacetylacetone (TAA) molecules undergoing hydrogen transfer under vibrational strong coupling (VSC) conditions. Beginning with a single molecule coupled to a single cavity mode, we show that the cavity indeed enforces hydrogen transfer from an enol to an enethiol configuration with transfer rates significantly increasing with light-matter interaction strength. This positive effect of the cavity on reaction rates is different from several other systems studied so far, where a retarding effect of the cavity on rates was found. It is argued that the cavity ``catalyzes'' the reaction by transfer of virtual photons to the molecule. The same concept applies to ensembles with up to $N=20$ TAA molecules coupled to a single cavity mode, where an additional, significant, ensemble-induced collective isomerization rate enhancement is found. The latter is traced back to complex entanglement dynamics of the ensemble, which we quantify by means of von Neumann-entropies. A non-trivial dependence of the dynamics on ensemble size is found, clearly beyond scaled single-molecule models, which we interpret as transition from a multi-mode Rabi to a system-bath-type regime as $N$ increases.
description: Manuscript 9 pages, 5 figures (minor changes in v2). Supplementary Information 7 pages, 5 figures (Section III rewritten in v2 after peer-review)
title: French Print Media and the Portrayal of Refugees: The Biopolitics of Crime Reporting
Creators: name: Bougher, Alex
Publisher: name: IUScholarWorks
Year: 2019

description: Across the world, the media plays an essential role in the formation of public opinion surrounding the plight of asylum seekers who are fleeing persecution and conflict. There are two global frames through which the public is conditioned to view refugees, either as dangers to society or as helpless victims. One potential explanation, as is addressed by this research, is the print media’s portrayal of refugees and asylum seekers. Through the synthesis of media priming, in which print news influences associations between concepts and memory by constant presentation of two concepts, increasing the accessibility of an association, and the biopolitics of the humanitarian aid system, often examined in relation to nutrition and health, the question this research poses is: how did the French print media portray refugees and asylum seekers during the peak of the refugee crisis in Europe, from 2015 to 2017, in relation to their interactions with bodies? To answer this question, roughly three hundred French news articles were coded based on four criteria. The resulting data reveals that the French print media reported on crimes of bodily harm more so than those of non-bodily harm. Additionally, alleged crimes committed by refugees peaked during periods of heightened fear surrounding refugees across Europe. Finally, and possibly most shockingly, reports of hate crimes committed against refugees peaked during or after the same periods of fear prompted by terrorist attacks.
High Innovativeness of SMEs and the Configuration of Learning-by-Doing, Learning-by-Using, Learning-by-Interacting, and Learning-by-Science: a Regional Comparison Applying Fuzzy Qualitative Comparative Analysis
Creators: name: Bennat, Tatjana
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York, NY : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorial knowledge
subject: DUI
subject: Innovation mode
subject: STI
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: This paper proposes a holistic approach for investigating high innovation performance in SMEs by comparing different German regions. Invoking insights from the innovation mode concept and existing literature on regional innovation, we apply a qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) of 47 interviews with SMEs to show that high innovativeness is based on a bundle of conditions summarized as mechanisms of learning-by-doing, learning-by-using, learning-by-interacting, and learning-by-science. The results indicate that only parts of the DUI mode, in combination with the STI mode, can explain high innovativeness. This has implications for managers as well as for innovation policy, highlighting that there is no universal “best way” to become highly innovative. © 2021, The Author(s).
title: Begrenzter Optimismus. Der demografische Wandel und seine gesellschaftlichen Folgen
Creators: name: Beyreuther, Konrad
name: Schmidt, Manfred
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Immer mehr Menschen werden immer älter, gleichzeitig sinkt die Geburtenrate – der Prozess der „doppelten demografischen Alterung“ und seine enormen Folgen sind längst im Bewusstsein von Politik und Gesellschaft angekommen. Auch die Wissenschaft widmet sich dem Thema als eigenständigem Forschungsgegenstand. Aber nur wenige Einrichtungen haben die Gerontologie so umfassend und fest institutionalisiert wie die Universität Heidelberg. Die Forschungsfragen richten sich dabei an Lebenswissenschaftler ebenso wie an Soziologen, Politik- oder Wirtschaftswissenschaftler: Welche Auswirkungen hat die alternde Bevölkerung auf die Gesellschaft, wie können wir die Folgekosten dieser Entwicklung finanzieren, wann sind wir jung und ab wann eigentlich alt? Fragen, die auch die Redaktion der Ruperto Carola interessieren. Der Molekularbiologe Konrad Beyreuther und der Politologe Manfred G. Schmidt haben sich Ihnen gestellt.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 1 (2012): Alt & Jung, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
Detection of the cosmic γ-ray horizon from multiwavelength observations of blazars
Creators: name: Domínguez, A.
name: Finke, J. D.
name: Prada, F.
name: Primack, J. R.
name: Kitaura, F. S.
name: Siana, B.
name: Paneque, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first statistically significant detection of the cosmic γ-ray horizon (CGRH) that is independent of any extragalactic background light (EBL) model is presented. The CGRH is a fundamental quantity in cosmology. It gives an estimate of the opacity of the Universe to very high energy (VHE) γ-ray photons due to photon-photon pair production with the EBL. The only estimations of the CGRH to date are predictions from EBL models and lower limits from γ-ray observations of cosmological blazars and γ-ray bursts. Here, we present homogeneous synchrotron/synchrotron self-Compton (SSC) models of the spectral energy distributions of 15 blazars based on (almost) simultaneous observations from radio up to the highest energy γ-rays taken with the Fermi satellite. These synchrotron/SSC models predict the unattenuated VHE fluxes, which are compared with the observations by imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes. This comparison provides an estimate of the optical depth of the EBL, which allows a derivation of the CGRH through a maximum likelihood analysis that is EBL-model independent. We find that the observed CGRH is compatible with the current knowledge of the EBL.
description: 16 pages, 3 figure, 2 tables; accepted by ApJ on April 22, 2013
Reconstruction methods and the amplification of the inflationary spectrum
Creators: name: Chataignier, Leonardo
name: Kamenshchik, Alexander Yu.
name: Tronconi, Alessandro
name: Venturi, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the consequences of different evolutions of the Hubble parameter on the spectrum of scalar inflationary perturbations. The analysis is restricted to inflationary phases described by a transient evolution, when uncommon features arise in the inflationary spectra that may lead to an amplitude enhancement. We then discuss how the spectrum is, respectively, amplified or blue-tilted in the presence or absence of a growing solution of the Mukhanov-Sasaki equation. The cases of general relativity with a minimally coupled inflaton and that of induced gravity are considered explicitly. Finally, some remarks on constant roll inflation are discussed.
description: references updated, conceptual clarifications added. Matches published version
Plasma Malondialdehyde and Risk of New-Onset Diabetes after Transplantation in Renal Transplant Recipients : A Prospective Cohort Study
Creators: name: Yepes-Calderón, Manuela
name: Sotomayor, Camilo G.
name: Gomes-Neto, António W.
name: Gans, Rijk O.B.
name: Berger, Stefan P.
name: Rimbach, Gerald
name: Esatbeyoglu, Tuba
name: Rodrigo, Ramón
name: Geleijnse, Johanna M.
name: Navis, Gerjan J.
name: Bakker, Stephan J.L.
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: malondialdehyde
subject: oxidative stress
subject: new-onset diabetes
subject: renal transplantation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: New-onset diabetes after transplantation (NODAT) is a frequent complication in renal transplant recipients (RTR). Although oxidative stress has been associated with diabetes mellitus, data regarding NODAT are limited. We aimed to prospectively investigate the long-term association between the oxidative stress biomarker malondialdehyde (measured by high-performance liquid chromatography) and NODAT in an extensively phenotyped cohort of non-diabetic RTR with a functioning graft ≥1 year. We included 516 RTR (51 ± 13 years-old, 57% male). Median plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) was 2.55 (IQR, 1.92–3.66) µmol/L. During a median follow-up of 5.3 (IQR, 4.6–6.0) years, 56 (11%) RTR developed NODAT. In Cox proportional-hazards regression analyses, MDA was inversely associated with NODAT, independent of immunosuppressive therapy, transplant-specific covariates, lifestyle, inflammation, and metabolism parameters (HR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.36–0.83 per 1-SD increase; p < 0.01). Dietary antioxidants intake (e.g., vitamin E, α-lipoic acid, and linoleic acid) were effect-modifiers of the association between MDA and NODAT, with particularly strong inverse associations within the subgroup of RTR with relatively higher dietary antioxidants intake. In conclusion, plasma MDA concentration is inversely and independently associated with long-term risk of NODAT in RTR. Our findings support a potential underrecognized role of oxidative stress in post-transplantation glucose homeostasis.
Cores, filaments, and bundles: hierarchical core formation in the L1495/B213 Taurus region
Creators: name: Hacar, A.
name: Tafalla, M.
name: Kauffmann, J.
name: Kovacs, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Context. Core condensation is a critical step in the star-formation process, but is still poorly characterized observationally. Aims. We have studied the 10 pc-long L1495/B213 complex in Taurus to investigate how dense cores have condensed out of the lower-density cloud material. Results. From the N$_2$H$^+$ emission, we identify 19 dense cores, some starless and some protostellar. They are not distributed uniformly, but tend to cluster with relative separations on the order of 0.25 pc. From the C$^{18}$O emission, we identify multiple velocity components in the gas. We have characterized them by fitting gaussians to the spectra, and by studying the distribution of the fits in position-position-velocity space. In this space, the C$^{18}$O components appear as velocity-coherent structures, and we have identified them automatically using a dedicated algorithm (FIVe: Friends In Velocity). Using this algorithm, we have identified 35 filamentary components with typical lengths of 0.5 pc, sonic internal velocity dispersions, and mass-per-unit-length close to the stability threshold of isothermal cylinders at 10 K. Core formation seems to have occurred inside the filamentary components via fragmentation, with a small number of fertile components with larger mass-per-unit-length being responsible for most cores in the cloud. At large scales, the filamentary components appear grouped into families, which we refer to as bundles. Conclusions. Core formation in L1495/B213 has proceeded by hierarchical fragmentation. The cloud fragmented first into several pc-scale regions. Each of these regions later fragmented into velocity-coherent filaments of about 0.5 pc in length. Finally, a small number of these filaments fragmented quasi-statically and produced the individual dense cores we see today.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
title: Alte Bücher — Neue Medien. Die Digitalisierung wertvoller Texte aus dem Mittelalter
Creators: name: Probst, Veit
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2012

description: Zu den ältesten Zeugnissen der abendländischen Textüberlieferung gehört der Pergamentcodex 15 der Österreichischen Nationalbibliothek in Wien. Seit Kurzem ist das 1600 Jahre alte Dokument als digitales Buch auf der Homepage der Universitätsbibliothek Heidelberg für jedermann zugänglich. Die Nutzung über das junge Medium des Internets eröffnet völlig neue Formen der Forschung und sichert die unermesslich wertvollen Originale für künftige Generationen. In einem Pionierprojekt bereiten Heidelberger Spezialisten die gesamte erhaltene Klosterbibliothek Lorsch mit rund 330 Büchern – darunter auch der genannte Wiener Codex 15 – für die Online-Nutzung auf. Damit manifestieren sie die führende Position der Universitätsbibliothek auf dem Feld der Digitalisierung mittelalterlicher Handschriften.
description: Ruperto Carola, Nr. 1 (2012): Alt & Jung, Beginn und Erscheinungsfrequenz: Nummer: 1, Jahr: 2012, Ausgaben pro Band: 2
title: К вопросу о моделях образования гидронимов (на примере ряда гидронимов финно-угорского происхождения)
Creators: name: Каксин, Андрей
Publisher: name: Новгородский печатный двор
Year: 2019

description: Образование ряда гидронимов, распространенных на Севере Европейской части России трактуется как следование одной из первообразных моделей образования топонимов на территориях распространения финно-угорских языков. Основой первых способов номинации рек и озер является использование простых определений, эпитетов и – реже – метафор. На взгляд автора, все первоначальные гидронимы имеют отношение к способу познания мира
древними людьми.
Additional file 6 of Model selection for component network meta-analysis in connected and disconnected networks: a simulation study
Creators: name: Petropoulou, Maria
name: Rücker, Gerta
name: Weibel, Stephanie
name: Kranke, Peter
name: Schwarzer, Guido
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 6.
Async-HFL: Efficient and Robust Asynchronous Federated Learning in Hierarchical IoT Networks
Creators: name: Yu, Xiaofan
name: Cherkasova, Ludmila
name: Vardhan, Harsh
name: Zhao, Quanling
name: Ekaireb, Emily
name: Zhang, Xiyuan
name: Mazumdar, Arya
name: Rosing, Tajana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) has gained increasing interest in recent years as a distributed on-device learning paradigm. However, multiple challenges remain to be addressed for deploying FL in real-world Internet-of-Things (IoT) networks with hierarchies. Although existing works have proposed various approaches to account data heterogeneity, system heterogeneity, unexpected stragglers and scalibility, none of them provides a systematic solution to address all of the challenges in a hierarchical and unreliable IoT network. In this paper, we propose an asynchronous and hierarchical framework (Async-HFL) for performing FL in a common three-tier IoT network architecture. In response to the largely varied delays, Async-HFL employs asynchronous aggregations at both the gateway and the cloud levels thus avoids long waiting time. To fully unleash the potential of Async-HFL in converging speed under system heterogeneities and stragglers, we design device selection at the gateway level and device-gateway association at the cloud level. Device selection chooses edge devices to trigger local training in real-time while device-gateway association determines the network topology periodically after several cloud epochs, both satisfying bandwidth limitation. We evaluate Async-HFL's convergence speedup using large-scale simulations based on ns-3 and a network topology from NYCMesh. Our results show that Async-HFL converges 1.08-1.31x faster in wall-clock time and saves up to 21.6% total communication cost compared to state-of-the-art asynchronous FL algorithms (with client selection). We further validate Async-HFL on a physical deployment and observe robust convergence under unexpected stragglers.
description: Accepted by IoTDI'23
Hypselodoris perii Gosliner & Johnson 2019, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Epstein, Hannah E.
name: Hallas, Joshua M.
name: Johnson, Rebecca Fay
name: Lopez, Alessandra
name: Gosliner, Terrence M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda
Nudibranchia
Chromodorididae
Hypselodoris
Hypselodoris perii

description: HYPSELODORIS PERII GOSLINER & JOHNSON SP. NOV.
(FIGS 2L, 13H, 18G, 23)
LSID: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 0E629152-88A2- 4635-B40C-C9B0BEF05659
description: Published as part of Epstein, Hannah E., Hallas, Joshua M., Johnson, Rebecca Fay, Lopez, Alessandra & Gosliner, Terrence M., 2019, Reading between the lines: revealing cryptic species diversity and colour patterns in Hypselodoris nudibranchs (Mollusca: Heterobranchia: Chromodorididae), pp. 116-189 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 186 on page 155
Dynamo effects in magnetorotational turbulence with finite thermal diffusivity
Creators: name: Gressel, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the saturation level of hydromagnetic turbulence driven by the magnetorotational instability in the case of vanishing net flux. Motivated by a recent paper of Bodo, Cattaneo, Mignone, & Rossi, we here focus on the case of a non-isothermal equation of state with constant thermal diffusivity. The central aim of the paper is to complement the previous result with closure parameters for mean-field dynamo models, and to test the hypothesis that the dynamo is affected by the mode of heat transport. We perform computer simulations of local shearing-box models of stratified accretion disks with approximate treatment of radiative heat transport, which is modeled via thermal conduction. We study the effect of varying the (constant) thermal diffusivity, and apply different vertical boundary conditions. In the case of impenetrable vertical boundaries, we confirm the transition from mainly conductive to mainly convective vertical heat transport below a critical thermal diffusivity. This transition is however much less dramatic when more natural outflow boundary conditions are applied. Similarly, the enhancement of magnetic activity in this case is less pronounced. Nevertheless, heating via turbulent dissipation determines the thermodynamic structure of accretion disks, and clearly affects the properties of the related dynamo. This effect may however have been overestimated in previous work, and a careful study of the role played by boundaries will be required.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Disruption der Forschungsförderung – Mit Dezentralisierung zu einer offeneren Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Heller, Lambert
name: Blümel, Ina
Publisher: name: Freiburg : LJ-Verlag GmbH & Co. KG
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Wissenschaftsförderung
subject: Forschungspolitik
subject: Wissenschaftspolitik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Analysiert man Status quo und Effizienz der aktuellen Forschungsförderung, kommt man nahezu durchweg zu ernüchternden Ergebnissen. Eine radikale Alternative könnten dezentrale Systeme rund um Blockchain und Token Economy bieten.