cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ultrafast Lifetime Regeneration in an Industrial Belt-Line Furnace Applying Intense Illumination at Elevated Temperature
Creators: name: Walter, D.C.
name: Pernau, T.
name: Schmidt, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing and Processing

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 469-473
description: Solar cells made of boron-doped, oxygen-rich Czochralski-grown silicon (Cz-Si) wafers suffer from a
degradation in conversion efficiency upon illumination. This effect, sometimes labeled “light-induced degradation”
(LID), is caused by a defect center within the silicon bulk, often referred to as BO defect, which activates its
recombination properties under illumination leading to a degradation of the carrier lifetime. However, the BO defect
center can be permanently deactivated, i.e. the lifetime can be permanently recovered, under illumination at elevated
temperature. Within this contribution, we focus on transferring our lab-type BO deactivation process, using a hotplate
and a halogen lamp, into an ultrafast high-throughput process, applying an industrial-type belt-furnace especially
designed for this very purpose by centrotherm photovoltaics AG. Using this industrial furnace, inline processing in a
solar cell production line is feasible. Our investigation clearly shows that a permanent recovery of the lifetime with an
industrial belt-furnace can be achieved. In addition, we prove this result also for a shorter lab-type version of the longer
industrial belt-furnace. The lifetimes reached after processing can be comparable to the lifetimes obtained on the same
Cz-Si materials after applying our lab-type approach. Excellent stability of the lifetime is verified for up to 1000 hours
of illumination at room temperature.
Impact of updated Multipole Love numbers and f-Love Universal Relations in the context of Binary Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Pradhan, Bikram Keshari
name: Vijaykumar, Aditya
name: Chatterjee, Debarati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron star (NS) equation of state (EoS) insensitive relations or universal relations (UR) involving neutron star bulk properties play a crucial role in gravitational-wave astronomy. Considering a wide range of equations of state originating from (i) phenomenological relativistic mean field models, (ii) realistic EoS models based on different physical motivations, and (iii) polytropic EoSs described by spectral decomposition method, we update the EoS-insensitive relations involving NS tidal deformability (Multipole Love relation) and the UR between f-mode frequency and tidal deformability (f-Love relation). We analyze the binary neutron star (BNS) event GW170817 using the frequency domain TaylorF2 waveform model with updated universal relations and find that the additional contribution of the octupolar electric tidal parameter and quadrupolar magnetic tidal parameter or the change of multipole Love relation has no significant impact on the inferred NS properties. However, adding the f-mode dynamical phase lowers the 90% upper bound on $\tildeΛ$ by 16-20% as well as lowers the upper bound of NSs radii by $\sim$500m. The combined URs (multipole Love and f-Love) developed in this work predict a higher median (also a higher 90% upper bound) for $\tildeΛ$ by 6% and also predict higher radii for the binary components of GW170817 by 200-300m compared to the URs used previously in the literature. We further perform injection and recovery studies on simulated events with different EoSs in $\rm A+$ detector configuration as well as with third generation (3G) Einstein telescope. In agreement with the literature, we find that neglecting f-mode dynamical tides can significantly bias the inferred NS properties, especially for low mass NSs. However, we also find that the impact of the URs is within statistical errors.
description: 21 pages,10 figures
Flip-Flop Cell Interconnection Enabled by an Extremely High Bifacial Factor of Screen-Printed Ion Implanted n-PERT Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Schulte-Huxel, H.
name: Kiefer, F.
name: Blankemeyer, S.
name: Witteck, R.
name: Vogt, M.R.
name: Köntges, M.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Krügener, J.
name: Peibst, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 407-412
description: We present bifacial fully ion implanted and screen-printed n-PERT cells, fabricated either by applying a single co-anneal process to cure the implant damage or by applying two separate anneals after boron/BF2 and phosphorous implant, respectively. In the first case of boron implant and co-anneal our best cells achieve an independently measured front (rear) side efficiency of 21.0 % (20.43 %) and for the boron implant and separate anneal the efficiency is 21.5 % (21.31 %). To the best of our knowledge these values are the highest efficiencies reported so far for fully ion implanted and screen-printed bifacial n-PERT cells. We furthermore show that light treatment of boron-implanted and co-annealed n-PERT cells increases the cell efficiency by 0.6 %abs. This diminish the efficiency gap to separately annealed cells. We measure a bifacial factor of 99.4 % that is the highest value reported so far for any high-efficiency Si cell. The high bifaciality enables an adapted module interconnection scheme called here Flip-Flop, which is based on a front-to-front and rear-to-rear interconnection of cells with alternating orientation (n+ or p+ side facing up). Based on the measured IV-characteristic of a cell with a bifacial factor of 97 % (“conservative scenario”) we demonstrate that the Flip-Flop interconnection scheme has the potential for a module efficiency improvement of 0.5 %abs on aperture area (as compared to the conventional “all cells emitter up” configuration) despite the 3 % current mismatch. We experimentally demonstrate a monofacial 16-cell Flip-Flop module that achieves an aperture area efficiency of 20.5 %.
Dynamic structure factor of one-dimensional Fermi superfluid with spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Gao, Zheng
name: He, Lianyi
name: Zhao, Huaisong
name: Peng, Shi-Guo
name: Zou, Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically calculate the density dynamic structure factor of one-dimensional Fermi superfluid with Raman-type spin-orbit coupling, and analyze its main dynamical character during phase transition between Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer superfluid and topological superfluid. Our theoretical results display four kinds of single-particle excitations induced by the two-branch structure of single-particle spectrum, and the cross single-particle excitation is much easier to be seen in the spin dynamic structure factor at a small transferred momentum. Also we find a new roton-like collective mode emerges at a fixed transferred momentum $q \simeq 2k_F$, and it only appears once the system enters the topological superfluid state. The occurrence of this roton-like excitation is related to switch of global minimum in single-particle spectrum from $k=0$ to $k \simeq 2k_F$.
Deformed Fourier models with formal parameters
Creators: name: Banica, Teodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The deformed Fourier matrices $H=F_M\otimes_QF_N$, with $Q\in\mathbb T^{MN}$, produce a matrix model $C(S_{MN}^+)\to M_{MN}(C(\mathbb T^{MN}))$. When $Q\in\mathbb T^{MN}$ is generic, the corresponding fiber can be investigated via algebraic techniques, and the main character law is asymptotically free Poisson. We present here an alternative point of view on these questions, using formal parameters instead of generic parameters, and analytic tools.
description: 22 pages
21.7% Large Area n-PERT Silicon Solar Cells Using Screen-Printed Aluminium with Open Circuit Voltage above 690mV
Creators: name: Chen, J.
name: Duerinckx, F.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Tous, L.
name: Aleman, M.
name: Russell, R.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Singh, S.
name: Cho, J.
name: John, J.
name: Kuzma-Filipek, I.
name: Haslinger, M.
name: Gordon, I.
name: Poortmans, J.
name: Szlufcik, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 439-442
description: Large area n-type rear-junction Passivated Emitter Rear Totally-diffused (PERT) solar cells with efficiency
of 22.5% were recently reported by imec using rear sputtered Al. To develop a more industrially relevant process, screenprinting
of Al is also currently investigated as the rear metallization. In this case, an Al p+ emitter is locally formed by Al-
Si alloying during a firing step. The quality of this p+ emitter is crucial to the performance of the final devices. However,
this is a challenging and less controlled process in terms of thickness of the doping layer and possible formation of voids.
In this work, the contact geometry and the firing are optimized and their impact on the void and Al p+ layer formation is
studied. Using the optimized processing parameters, large area n-PERT solar cells with screen-printed Al with efficiency
up to 21.7% are fabricated. These cells demonstrate high values for the open circuit voltage (Voc) up to 690mV. This proves
the feasibility of using screen-printed Al for high performance n-PERT cells.
40 kHz PECVD of AlOx/SiNx Stacks Demonstrated in Industrial High Efficiency PERC Production
Creators: name: Pernau, T.
name: Fuchs, J.-U.
name: Nguyen, V.X.
name: Nickel, A.
name: Walk, U.
name: Jooß, W.
name: Hsu, K.
name: Chen, J.
name: Wiebecke, S.
name: Wu, H.H.
name: Hung, K.-H.
name: Lin, K.C.
name: Huang, W.K.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing and Processing

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 374-377
description: Standard direct plasma (40 kHz) batch-type PECVD machines can be equipped with TMA
(Trimethylaluminium) and N2O supply to enable aluminium oxide (AlOx) / silicon nitride (SiNx) passivation stacks in
one deposition run. The present paper is the summary of our process development for PERC structures and the
implementation at an industrial production line of PERC cells at Gintech. Very good results were achieved on
multicrystalline (19.3% average) as well as monocrystalline cells (21% average).
This paper starts with the description of the TMA supply system, TMA plasma chemistry and properties. Then the
optimisation of deposition procedures with lifetime tests and cell runs is illustrated. The optimisation resulted in a
low surface defect density Dit<3E10/(cm²∙eV) and good effective surface charge Qtot
Bifacial n-PERT Cells (Bi-PERT) with Plated Contacts for Multi-Wire Interconnection
Creators: name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Russell, R.
name: Tous, L.
name: Uruena, A.
name: Duerinckx, F.
name: Aleman, M.
name: Choulat, P.
name: Sharma, A.
name: John, J.
name: Szlufcik, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 420-425
description: In this paper we introduce bifacial n-type PERT cells (Bi-PERT) with ultra-thin (< 3 m) and narrow (< 20 m) Ni/Ag plated fingers on both the n+ and p+ side of the cell. This cell architecture is designed for multi-wire interconnection and has the potential to deliver low Cost of Ownership at module level (< 0.40 $/Wp), as it can profit from bifacial gain, a low cost metallization sequence and the high efficiency potential of multi-wire interconnection.
We describe the Bi-PERT cell features and show that the metallization sequence here proposed is well suited for integration with the multi-wire technology as it features finger section well below 60 m2 and no highly conductive Cu inter-layer. We also demonstrate a self-aligned fully plated metallization sequence able to form Ni/Ag electrodes on both sides of the cell with a specific contact resistance (c) below 1 m∙cm2 for both the n+ and p+ side. We benchmark this novel technique to a seed-and-plate sequence where the plating seed is obtained by physical vapor deposition of Ni (PVD-and-plate).
Finally, we present light I-V results for rear-junction and front-junction Bi-PERT cells and report efficiency up to 21.0% for cells featuring the fully plated Ni/Ag metallization sequence and 22.6% for cells fabricated with the PVD-and-plate sequence.
Al2O3 Passivation for Copper Plated 15.6x15.6 cm2 IBC Cells
Creators: name: Jambaldinni, S.
name: Kyuzo, M.
name: O’Sullivan, B.
name: Singh, S.
name: Cornagliotti, E.
name: Zielinski, B.
name: Debucquoy, M.
name: Szlufcik, J.
name: Poortmans, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 350-353
description: Today, the silicon solar cells with the highest efficiency are interdigitated back contact solar cells. At imec, the cell concept for 15.6x15.6 cm2 IBC cells relies on a rear design with multiple busbars and a Cu plated rear metallization. Previously, we reported efficiencies up to 21.9% by introducing Cu plated contacts. Further developments in the rear design to overcome FF and Jsc losses were implemented and reported as well, showing IBC cells with 22.5% efficiency. In a next optimization round, the passivation quality at the rear of these IBC cells needed to be improved. To do so, we demonstrate in this paper the application of a rear Al2O3 based passivation stack on both emitter and BSF. A 10 nm ALD Al2O3 - PECVD SiOx stack was implemented and a thermal activation step (firing) post deposition was applied and optimized to guarantee a good passivation on both the emitter and the BSF. Best cells with this process showed an efficiency of 22.8% and Voc up to 688mV.
Higher-order local and non-local correlations for 1D strongly interacting Bose gas
Creators: name: Nandani, E. J. K. P.
name: Roemer, Rudolf A.
name: Tan, Shina
name: Guan, Xi-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The correlation function is an important quantity in the physics of ultracold quantum gases because it provides information about the quantum many-body wave function beyond the simple density profile. In this paper we first study the $M$-body local correlation functions, $g_M$, of the one-dimensional (1D) strongly repulsive Bose gas within the Lieb-Liniger model using the analytical method proposed by Gangardt and Shlyapnikov [1,2]. In the strong repulsion regime the 1D Bose gas at low temperatures is equivalent to a gas of ideal particles obeying the non-mutual generalized exclusion statistics (GES) with a statistical parameter $α=1-2/γ$, i.e. the quasimomenta of $N$ strongly interacting bosons map to the momenta of $N$ free fermions via $k_i\approx αk_i^F $ with $i=1,\ldots, N$. Here $γ$ is the dimensionless interaction strength within the Lieb-Liniger model. We rigorously prove that such a statistical parameter $α$ solely determines the sub-leading order contribution to the $M$-body local correlation function of the gas at strong but finite interaction strengths. We explicitly calculate the correlation functions $g_M$ in terms of $γ$ and $α$ at zero, low, and intermediate temperatures. For $M=2$ and $3$ our results reproduce the known expressions for $g_{2}$ and $g_{3}$ with sub-leading terms (see for instance [3-5]). We also express the leading order of the short distance \emph{non-local} correlation functions $\langleΨ^\dagger(x_1)\cdotsΨ^\dagger(x_M)Ψ(y_M)\cdotsΨ(y_1)\rangle$ of the strongly repulsive Bose gas in terms of the wave function of $M$ bosons at zero collision energy and zero total momentum. Here $Ψ(x)$ is the boson annihilation operator. These general formulas of the higher-order local and non-local correlation functions of the 1D Bose gas provide new insights into the many-body physics.
description: 15 pages + 2 figures, added an appendix, added some references
Modified cosmology through Barrow entropy
Creators: name: Sheykhi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological consequences of the modified Friedmann equations when the entropy associated with the apparent horizon, given by Barrow entropy, $S\sim A^{1+δ/2}$, where $0\leqδ\leq1$, represents the amount of the quantum-gravitational deformation of the horizon. We study implications of this model in a flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe with/without cosmological constant. Taking the cosmological constant into account, this model can describe the current accelerated expansion, although the transition from deceleration phase to the acceleration phase takes place in the lower redshifts. We investigate the evolution of the scale factor and show that with increasing $δ$, the value of the scale factor increases as well. We also estimate the age of the universe in Barrow cosmology which is smaller than the age of the universe in standard cosmology.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, two columns format, Accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Microwave-assisted synthesis and characterization of undoped and manganese doped zinc sulfide nanoparticles
Creators: name: Kuzmin, Aleksejs
name: Dile, Milena
name: Laganovska, Katrina
name: Zolotarjovs, Aleksejs
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Undoped and Mn-doped ZnS nanocrystals were produced by the microwave-assisted solvothermal method and characterized by X-ray diffraction, photoluminescence spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. All samples have the cubic zinc blende structure with the lattice parameter in the range of $a$ = 5.406-5.411 \r{A}, and the average size of crystallites is in the range of 6-9 nm. These nanoparticles agglomerate and form large grains with an average size of up to 180 nm. The photoluminescence of the undoped ZnS sample shows a broad emission band located at 530 nm, attributed to the defects at the surface of nanoparticles. In all Mn-doped samples, the emission peak at 598 nm was observed assigned to the characteristic forbidden transition between excited ($^4$T$_1$) and ground ($^6$A$_1$) levels of Mn$^{2+}$. Synchrotron radiation X-ray absorption spectroscopy at the Zn and Mn K-edges combined with reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) simulations based on the evolutionary algorithm confirms that manganese ions substitute zinc ions. However, the difference in the ion sizes ($R$(Mn$^{2+}$(IV)) = 0.66 \r{A} and $R$(Zn$^{2+}$(IV)) = 0.60 \r{A}) is responsible for the larger interatomic distances Mn-S (2.40(2) \r{A}) compared to Zn-S (2.33(2) \r{A}). The static structural relaxations in ZnS:Mn nanoparticles are responsible for the large values of the mean-square displacements factors for Zn, S and Mn atoms obtained by RMC simulations.
Laser Hydrogenation of Laser Doped and Grooved Structure
Creators: name: Wang, S.
name: Mai, L.
name: Ciesla, A.
name: Hameiri, Z.
name: Chan, C.
name: Hallam, B.
name: Sugianto, A.
name: Chong, C.M.
name: Ji, J.
name: Shi, Z.
name: Wenham, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 391-395
description: Both Buried Contact Solar Cells (BCSC) and Laser Doped Selective Emitter (LDSE) solar cells have
shown great success in large-scale manufacturing. Recent studies show that plated contacts can be more durable than
screen-printed contacts. A new concept of laser doping with grooving in a simultaneous step is introduced to form
narrow grooves with heavily doped walls with the metal contact subsequently formed by plating. This process
capitalizes on the benefits of both BCSC and LDSE cells. The width of the groove is only about three to five microns.
The narrow width and corresponding steep walls of the groove make it possible to deposit the antireflection coating
(ARC) after the laser grooving process such that the groove walls remain uncovered to allow nucleation of
subsequent metal plating. Formation of laser-induced defects is minimized because thermal expansion mismatch
between the ARC and silicon is avoided during the laser doping process. This structure leads to greatly enhanced
adhesion of the plated contact due to it being buried underneath the silicon (Si) surface. Although the laser doping
and grooving process avoids thermal mismatch between SiNx and Si, crystallographic defects are formed during the
laser grooving process. Laser-activated hydrogenation is used to passivate the laser-induced defects formed during
the laser–doping and grooving process. Through this. excellent results have been achieved in terms of improved
carrier lifetime and implied Voc values.
Status of the EU FP7 HERCULES Project: What Is the Potential of n-Type Silicon Solar Cells in Europe?
Creators: name: Muñoz, D.
name: Ribeyron, P.J.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Allebé, C.
name: Descoeudres, A.
name: Despeisse, M.
name: Reichel, C.
name: Glunz, S.W.
name: Peibst, R.
name: Merkle, A.
name: Nielsen, O.
name: Martín, I.
name: Mihailetchi, V.
name: Söderström, T.
name: Demaurex, B.
name: De Wolf, S.
name: Mehlich, H.
name: Zhao, J.
name: Alvarez, J.
name: Dupuis, J.
name: Macron, E.
name: De Gier, B.
name: Tallián, M.
name: Korsós, F.
name: Korte, L.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 331-334
description: The concept proposed by the HERCULES project is to develop innovative n-type monocrystalline c-Si device structures based on both sides’ contacted silicon heterojunction (SHJ) solar cells, on interdigitated back-contact (IBC) solar cells with alternative junction formation, as well as on hybrid concepts (homo-heterojunction). These concepts are the most promising technologies to reach ultra-high efficiencies with industrially relevant processes. The HERCULES strategy is to transfer the developed processes to industrial scale by considering all major cost drivers of the entire manufacturing process chain. The final objective is to obtain both high-efficiency solar cells and modules, based on adequately simple process sequences. It requires strong expertise and equipment mastering in order to provide a commercially viable technology that can be implemented by the European PV industry. To this end, the HERCULES consortium takes advantage of its leading European expertise in both research and production. In this paper, major results are presented concerning the first 30 months in material, solar cell development, module integration and pilot line activity. The strong improvements achieved in all the value chain demonstrate the strong need of collaboration within all partners to reach very ambitious objectives from the optimization of n-type solar cells & modules up to production level.
Radiative Symmetry breaking, Cosmic Strings and Observable Gravity Waves in $U(1)_R$ symmetric $SU(5) \times U(1)_χ$
Creators: name: Ahmed, Waqas
name: Zubair, Umer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We implement shifted hybrid inflation in the framework of supersymmetric $SU(5) \times U(1)_χ$ GUT model which provides a natural solution to the monopole problem appearing in the spontaneous symmetry breaking of $SU(5)$. The $U(1)_χ$ symmetry is radiatevely broken after the end of inflation at an intermediate scale, yielding topologically stable cosmic strings. The Planck's bound on the gravitational interaction strength of these strings, characterized by $G_N μ_s$ are easily satisfied with the $U(1)_χ$ symmetry breaking scale which depends on the initial boundary conditions at the GUT scale. The dimension-5 proton lifetime for the decay $p \rightarrow K^+ \barν$, mediated by color-triplet Higgsinos is found to satisfy current Super-Kamiokande bounds for SUSY breaking scale $M_{\text{SUSY}} \gtrsim 12.5$ TeV. We show that with minimal Kähler potential, the soft supersymmetry breaking terms play a vital role in bringing the scalar spectral index $n_s$ within the Planck's latest bounds, although with small tensor modes $r \lesssim 2.5 \times 10^{-6}$ and $SU(5)$ gauge symmetry breaking scale in the range ($2 \times 10^{15} \lesssim M_α \lesssim 2 \times 10^{16}$) GeV. By employing non-minimal terms in the Kähler potential, the tensor-to-scalar ratio approaches observable values ($r \lesssim 10^{-3}$) with the $SU(5)$ symmetry breaking scale $M_α \simeq 2 \times 10^{16}$ GeV.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures
Effects of Quantum Communication in Large-Scale Networks at Minimum Latency
Creators: name: Sekavčnik, Simon
name: Nötzel, Janis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication technology offers several advanced strategies. However, their practical use is often times not yet well understood. In this work we therefore analyze the concept of a futuristic large-scale robotic factory, where each robot has a computing unit associated to it. The computing unit assists the robot with large computational tasks that have to be performed in real-time. Each robot moves randomly in a vicinity of its computing unit, and in addition both the robot and the unit can change location. To minimize latency, the connection is assumed as optical wireless. Due to the mobility, a permanent optimal assignment of frequency bands is assumed to increase communication latency and is therefore ruled out. Under such assumptions, we compare the different capacity scaling of different types of such architectures, where the one is built utilizing quantum communication techniques, and the other based on conventional design methods.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures; To be published in IEEE GLOBECOM 2022, see https://globecom2022.ieee-globecom.org
Challenges and prospects for better measurements of the CMB intensity spectrum
Creators: name: Sironi, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectral distortions of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) offer the possibility of probing processes which occurred during the evolution of our Universe going back up to Z$\simeq 10^7$. Unfortunately all the attempts so far carried out for detecting distortions failed. All of them were based on comparisons among absolute measurements of the CMB temperature at different frequencies. We suggest a different approach: measurements of the frequency derivative of the CMB temperature over large frequency intervals instead of observations of the absolute temperature at few, well separated, frequencies as frequently done in the past, and, direct measurements of the foregrounds which hinder bobservations, at the same site and with the same radiometer prepared for the search of CMB distortions. We discuss therefore the perspectives of new observations in the next years from the ground, at very special sites, or in space as independent missions or part of other CMB projects
description: in extenso version of the invited talk presented at CMB@50, Princeton 9-12 June 2015 19 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
Plasma Process Analysis of ICP-PECVD of AlOx Layers for c-Si Surface Passivation
Creators: name: Hofmann, M.
name: Jäcklein, M.
name: Saint-Cast, P.
name: Wagenmann, D.
name: Cord, B.
name: Dippell, T.
name: Dörr, M.
name: Schütte, T.
name: Siemers, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cells Improvements and Innovation

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 345-349
description: The detailed analysis of the ICP-PECVD plasma process using spectroscopic plasma monitoring and the ex-situ analysis of the manufactured layers and interfaces to the c-Si substrates provide insight into the interdependency of passivation mechanisms and process conditions. Plasma process simulations based on the particle-in-cell Monte Carlo method additionally allowed getting insight into electron density and electron energy distributions. The combination of these measures lead to highly passivating very thin AlOx layers of thicknesses below 5 nm allowing to lower the cost of ICP-PECVD AlOx deposition.
title: Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia
Creators: name: Jiménez Relimpio, Cecilio
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chest imaging
subject: Lung
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Thorax
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Clinical Cases

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old woman accessed our Emergency-Department complaining of a two-week history of oedema, associated with pain and muscular weakness in both arms.

description: 35 years, female
Improvement of Short Circuit Current of Single Junction Amorphous Silicon Solar Cells by Incorporating Nanoparticle as Back Reflector
Creators: name: Mandal, S.
name: Dhar, S.
name: Barua, A.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 249-252
description: Thin-film solar cells employ a back reflector (BR) for a more efficient use of
the long wavelength light. This paper deals with the prospect of using indium tin oxide (ITO)
nanoparticle (NP) as back scatterer/reflector in single junction amorphous silicon solar cells.
As the ITO NP’s have comparatively low dissipative loss and tuneable optical properties.
NP’s of ~200nm size is developed on the back side of the complete a-Si solar cell by
deposition of ~20-30nm thick ITO by DC magnetron sputtering followed by hydrogen
plasma treatment in PECVD. Various characterizations like FESEM, TEM and AFM are
performed to analyse the morphology, chemical composition, optical characteristics of the
NP’s. The p-i-n structured solar cell with 8.17% of efficiency is fabricated in a
conventionally used cluster tool PECVD system. The short circuit current (Isc), open circuit
voltage (Voc) and fill factor (FF) of the solar cell are 13.17mA, 0.885V and 70.10%
respectively. ITO nanoparticles at the back surface of the solar cell significantly enhances the
short circuit current by ~9.5% to 14.42mA, (Voc-0.884V, FF-70.82% ) and due to that
increase the overall efficiency of the device reaches to 9.02%.
The results reported show a novel method of enhancing short circuit current of a-Si
based solar cells which will be explored for further enhancement of the effect by varying
nanoparticle size.
Learned Lifted Linearization Applied to Unstable Dynamic Systems Enabled by Koopman Direct Encoding
Creators: name: Ng, Jerry
name: Asada, H. Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a Koopman lifting linearization method that is applicable to nonlinear dynamical systems having both stable and unstable regions. It is known that DMD and other standard data-driven methods face a fundamental difficulty in constructing a Koopman model when applied to unstable systems. Here we solve the problem by incorporating knowledge about a nonlinear state equation with a learning method for finding an effective set of observables. In a lifted space, stable and unstable regions are separated into independent subspaces. Based on this property, we propose to find effective observables through neural net training where training data are separated into stable and unstable trajectories. The resultant learned observables are used for constructing a linear state transition matrix using method known as Direct Encoding, which transforms the nonlinear state equation to a state transition matrix through inner product computations with the observables. The proposed method shows a dramatic improvement over existing DMD and data-driven methods.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted to LCSS, https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9998050
The enigma of the $ν=2+\frac{3}{8}$ fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Hutasoit, Jimmy A.
name: Balram, Ajit C.
name: Mukherjee, Sutirtha
name: Wu, Ying-Hai
name: Mandal, Sudhansu S.
name: Wojs, A.
name: Cheianov, Vadim
name: Jain, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional quantum Hall effect at $ν=2+3/8$, which has been definitively observed, is one of the last fractions for which no viable explanation has so far been demonstrated. Our detailed study suggests that it belongs to a new class of of exotic states described by the Bonderson-Slingerland wave function. Its excitations are non-Abelian anyons similar to those of the well studied Pfaffian state at 5/2, but its wave function has a more complex structure. Using the effective edge theory, we make predictions for various measurable quantities that should enable a confirmation of the underlying topological order of this state.
description: 10 pages, published version
Impact of Minority Carrier Lifetime and Temperature on SiC Based Rear Contact SiGe Solar Cell for Concentrator Photovoltaic (CPV) Applications
Creators: name: Pandey, R.
name: Jain, A.
name: Kumar, A.
name: Chaujar, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 270-273
description: In this work, the impact of material quality i.e. impact of minority carrier lifetime on SiC/Si3N4/SiO2 passivated
10μm thick rear contact SiGe solar cell have been obtained. Result shows, the photovoltaic parameters are less
affected by minority carrier lifetimes (). Also, as  changes from 10-2 s to 10-5 s, change in JSC, VOC, FF and PCE are
0.4%, 0.5%, 2.2% and 3.2%, respectively. Further, the application of rear contact SiGe solar cell for concentrator
photovoltaic (CPV) has also been discussed. At 300 K operating temperature, we have obtained the open circuit
voltages 627mV, 646mV and power conversion efficiencies of, 15.7%, 16% at 5-sun (0.5 W.cm-2) and 10-sun
(1W.cm-2) conditions, respectively for SiC/Si3N4/SiO2 coated SiGe cell. This, results in 6.8 % and 8.8% higher power
conversion efficiency (PCE) at the concentration levels of 5, 10 suns compared to 1-sun condition (14.7%, PCE).
Also, under 10-sun illumination, 9the PCE of 16.4% and 16.1% at 20oC and 25oC temperature, respectively have
been obtained. All the simulation have been done using Silvaco atlas device simulator.
Vorläufig ausgewählte Methode für die enzymatische Bestimmung des Gesamt-Cholesterins im Serum
Creators: name: Kattermann, R.
name: Kupke, Ingeborg Ruth
name: Borner, K.
Publisher: name: Kooperation de Gruyter
Year: 1983
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie

description: Es wird eine Methode für die enzymatische Bestimmung des Gesamt-Cholesterins im Serum beschrieben: Herstellung der Lösungen aus käuflichen Reagentien und Enzymen, manuelle Testdurchführung, Photometrie des gebildeten, stabilen Farbstoffs im Bereich von λ = 500 - 550 nm und Berechnung über einen mitgeführten Cholesterinstandard oder mit einem konstanten Faktor. Es werden die Gütekriterien der Methode mitgeteilt: Die Unpräzision anhand eines Ringversuchs in 3 Laboratorien, die Richtigkeit anhand eines Methodenvergleichs mit einer "Definitiven Methode" bzw. einer "Referenzmethode". Auf Störfaktoren und Einflußgrößen bei der enzymatischen Cholesterin-Bestimmung sowie auf einschlägige Untersuchungen zum Problem der Referenzbereiche wird abschließend eingegangen.
Influence of GaAsSb Cladding Layer on the Optical Properties of InAs/GaAsSb Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Zhang, Z.
name: Liao, Y.
name: Faleev, N.N.
name: Reece, P.J.
name: Bremner, S.P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2016
Subjects: New Materials and Concepts for Solar Cells and Modules
New Materials and Concepts for Cells

description: 32nd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 228-231
description: The optical properties of InAs quantum dots with GaAsSb cladding layers of different alloy
composition have been studied by photoluminescence techniques. Power-dependent photoluminescence data suggest
a transition from type-I to type-II could be achieved by GaAsSb cladding layer at Sb composition around 11% for
these samples. At low Sb compositions, good crystal quality was evident from temperature-dependent
photoluminescence, with a small energy barrier inferred, while high-level dislocation and defects exist under higher
antimony contents. The results show the interplay between the tendency of Sb in the buffer layer to blue-shift the
emisison, whilst Sb in the capping layer red-shifts emission. With the additional presence of strain relaxation through
formation of defects at higher Sb content, it is clear that designing a structure to achieve a zero valence band offset
must take into account the strain distribution throughout the structure.
Intensified Tpx3Cam, a fast data-driven optical camera with nanosecond timing resolution for single photon detection in quantum applications
Creators: name: Nomerotski, Andrei
name: Chekhlov, Matthew
name: Dolzhenko, Denis
name: Glazenborg, Rene
name: Farella, Brianna
name: Keach, Michael
name: Mahon, Ryan
name: Orlov, Dmitry
name: Svihra, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a fast data-driven optical camera, Tpx3Cam, with nanosecond scale timing resolution and 80 Mpixel/sec throughput. After the addition of intensifier, the camera is single photon sensitive with quantum efficiency determined primarily by the intensifier photocathode. The single photon performance of the camera was characterized with results on the gain, timing resolution and afterpulsing reported here. The intensified camera was successfully used for measurements in a variety of applications including quantum applications. As an example of such application, which requires simultaneous detection of multiple photons, we describe registration of photon pairs from the spontaneous parametric down-conversion source in a spectrometer. We measured the photon wavelength and timing with respective precisions of 0.15~nm and 3~ns, and also demonstrated that the two photons are anti-correlated in energy.
description: prepared for submission to JINST for IWORID2022 proceedings
Non-trivial static, spherically symmetric vacuum solution in a non-conservative theory of gravity
Creators: name: Oliveira, A. M.
name: Velten, H. E. S.
name: Fabris, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the vacuum static spherically symmetric space-time for a specific class of non-conservative theories of gravity based on the Rastall's theory. We obtain a new vacuum solution which has the same structure as the Schwarzschild-de Sitter solution in the General Relativity theory obtained with a cosmological constant playing the rôle of source. We further discuss the structure (in particular, the coupling to matter fields) and some cosmological aspects of the underline non-conservative theory
description: v2. 5 pages, 1 figure. Extended discussion on the cosmological solution. To appear in PRD
Gene and Protein Virtual Lab
Creators: name: Pescarmona, Gianpiero
name: Silvagno, Francesca
name: Vernone, Annamaria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: gene
protein
chromosome
amino acids

description: In this Lab, the effect of amino acid availability as regulating factor of every protein synthesis is investigated The local availability of amino acids (AA) may be a limiting factor in protein biosynthesis. Knowing that a number of proteins have a similar content of the same AA means to be able to predict that the expression of these proteins will depend on the same environmental conditions controlling AA availability. From this consideration arises the need to create a tool capable of quickly calculating the AA content of proteins and compare groups of protein based on their AA content. The information gleaned from this comparison may help to solve many biological and biochemical questions. The studies based on the principle Based on this approach, we carried out some research focused on AA composition of human proteins. The first study compared human proteins on the basis of their AA content by a hierarchical, agglomerative clustering method. Proteins with similar tissue expression, even though with different function, were very close in the cluster, and this was suggestive that the local availability of AAs was a major driver of protein expression, conditioned by tissue context (Vernone 2013). (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3617222/) Moreover, in a second study we calculated the absolute and the relative frequencies of all AA contained in the proteins expressed selectively by distinct cellular populations. Our analysis demonstrated that the estimation of glutamate/glutamine ratio can give information on tissue oxygenation. Interestingly, this study suggested that the similar content in single AAs of proteins codified by the same chromosome could be one of the reasons for gene clustering (Vernone 2019). (https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6502398/) Further studies The relationship between gene clustering and AA content of human proteins warrants further studies, which require the knowledge of both position in chromosome and AA content of the proteins. The position of the codifying gene becomes relevant when analysing common features of groups of proteins, such as amino acid content, in gene clusters, loci or other specific regions of human chromosomes. To perform this analysis there is a need for a bioinformatics tool able to provide details on the position of the codifying gene and on the AA sequence and length of the translated protein. HERE AND NOW: PROTEIN ANALYSIS TOOL, CHROMOSOME ANALYSIS TOOL In PROTEIN section, a tool has been created with the aim of calculating the AA content of proteins and compare groups of protein based on their AA content. In CHROMOSOME section, a tool has been created with the aim of providing lists of proteins based on the position of their codifying gene, also supplying the AA sequence and length of the translated protein.
Characterization of subhalo structural properties and implications for dark matter annihilation signals
Creators: name: Moliné, Ángeles
name: Sánchez-Conde, Miguel A.
name: Palomares-Ruiz, Sergio
name: Prada, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prediction of the standard LCDM cosmology is that dark matter (DM) halos are teeming with numerous self-bound substructure, or subhalos. The precise properties of these subhalos represent important probes of the underlying cosmological model. We use data from Via Lactea II and ELVIS N-body simulations to learn about the structure of subhalos with masses 1e6 - 1e11 Msun/h. Thanks to a superb subhalo statistics, we study subhalo properties as a function of distance to host halo center and subhalo mass, and provide a set of fits that accurately describe the subhalo structure. We also investigate the role of subhalos on the search for DM annihilation. Previous work has shown that subhalos are expected to boost the DM signal of their host halos significantly. Yet, these works traditionally assumed that subhalos exhibit similar structural properties than those of field halos, while it is known that subhalos are more concentrated. Building upon our N-body data analysis, we refine the substructure boost model of Sanchez-Conde & Prada (2014), and find boosts that are a factor 2-3 higher. We further refine the model to include unavoidable tidal stripping effects on the subhalo population. For field halos, this introduces a moderate 20-30% suppression. Yet, for subhalos like those hosting dwarf galaxy satellites, tidal stripping plays a critical role, the boost being at the level of a few tens of percent at most. We provide a parametrization of the boost for field halos that can be safely applied over a wide halo mass range.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures and 3 tables. Matches the MNRAS accepted version
Ereditare il passato. Tradizioni, traslazioni, tradimenti, innovazioni. Editoriale di Engramma 60
Creators: name: Paronuzzi Marco; Pisani, Daniele; Sacco, Daniela
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2007
Subjects: Tradition and innovation
Translation and betrayal
Venice

description: This issue illustrates the 25 works winning the competition Ereditare il passato. Tradizioni, traslazioni, tradimenti, innovazioni (inheriting the past. Traditions, translations, betrayals, innovations). 

Tradition and innovation; Translation and betrayal; Venice
Cell contractility facilitates alignment of cells and tissues to static uniaxial stretch
Creators: name: Rens, Elisabeth G.
name: Merks, Roeland M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During animal development and homeostasis, the structure of tissues, including muscles, blood vessels and connective tissues adapts to mechanical strains in the extracellular matrix (ECM). These strains originate from the differential growth of tissues or forces due to muscle contraction or gravity. Here we show using a computational model that by amplifying local strain cues, active cell contractility can facilitate and accelerate the reorientation of single cells to static strains. At the collective cell level, the model simulations show that active cell contractility can facilitate the formation of strings along the orientation of stretch. The computational model is based on a hybrid cellular Potts and finite-element simulation framework describing a mechanical cell-substrate feedback, where: 1) cells apply forces on the ECM, such that 2) local strains are generated in the ECM, and 3) cells preferentially extend protrusions along the strain orientation. In accordance with experimental observations, simulated cells align and form string-like structures parallel to static uniaxial stretch. Our model simulations predict that the magnitude of the uniaxial stretch and the strength of the contractile forces regulate a gradual transition between string-like patterns and vascular network-like patterns. Our simulations also suggest that at high population densities, less cell cohesion promotes string formation.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures; 12 pages of supplementary information with 11 supplementary figures and 2 supplementary tables