cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
3D Study of a Monofacial Silicon Solar Cell Under Constant Monochromatic Light: Influence of Grain Size, Grain Boundary Recombination Velocity, Illumination Wavelength, Back Surface and Junction Recombination Velocities
Creators: name: Dione, M.M.
name: Diao, A.
name: Ndiaye, M.
name: Ly Diallo, H.
name: Thiam, N.
name: Barro, F.I.
name: Wade, M.
name: Maiga, A.S.
name: Sissoko, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 488-491
description: This work presents a new approach of the carrier generation rate based on the power series method. A 3
dimensional modeling of a polycristalline silicon solar cell in steady state under constant monochromatic illumination is
made.
The influence of the grain size g and recombination velocities at the grain boundaries Sgb, at the junction Sf and at the back
side of the cell Sb on the output power and the fill factor (FF) was then analysed.
Performance Intercomparison of 13 Different PV Modules Based on Indoor and Outdoor Tests
Creators: name: Friesen, G.
name: Chianese, D.
name: Dittmann, S.
name: Domine, D.
name: Burà, E.
name: Strepparava, D.
name: Margni, B.
name: Denicolà, M.
name: Meoli, R.
name: Pola, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3779-3784
description: At the begin of 2009 the ISAAC institute started a new measurement campaign investigating thirteen
different modules commercially available on the market. Two modules of each type have been exposed outdoors for
energy yield monitoring and a third module has been stored indoors as a reference. The modules covers a large range
of different technologies ranging from multi-crystalline silicon (mc-Si) of which two with back-contact cells, 3
single-crystalline silicon (sc-Si), 1 hybrid mono-crystalline technology with amorphous silicon layer (HIT), 1 double
junction amorphous silicon (a-Si/a-Si), 1 micromorph (a-Si/μc-Si), 1 Cupper-Indium-Sulfide (CIS) and 1 Cupper-
Indium-Gallium-Diselenide (CIGS).
The aim of the measurement campaign is to assess the quality of current technologies and the understanding of
observed differences between technologies. Outdoor and indoor performance of the modules are analysed over 15
months performing measurements under real operating conditions, regular STC and low irradiance indoor testing
with a solar simulator to determine stability of the devices over time and the relation between indoor performance
and outdoor yield. The modules are therefore installed on a ventilated rack where each single module is connected to
a maximum power point tracker delivering Im, Vm values in minutes intervals. The annual energy output in kWh/Wp
is measured and the differences between various module technologies or modules of the same technology is analysed,
by quantifying the influence of the temperature coefficient, the low irradiance performance measured indoors, the
module temperature as well as all measurement related uncertainties.
High Efficiency Lattice-Matched Multijunction Solar Cells via Tuned GaAs/Ge Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Varonides, A.C.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 329-332
description: Multijunction solar cells are a promising venue for high efficiency solar cells. They provide (a) more than one band
gaps and hence a chance for a wider solar wavelength absorption and (b) increase absorption quantum size effects. It seems that
GaAs and Ge layers grown in the same cell structure may provide lattice-matched PV devices with potentially higher collection
efficiency. In this paper we provide a design of cell where both tuned quantum wells and bulk GaAs layer co-exist in the same
cell structure with potentially better performance. More specifically, we propose bulk GaAs p-i-n cells with tuned GaAs-Ge cells
embedded in the intrinsic region. We compute short circuit currents of 34 mA/cm2 and collective efficiency near 40%, under one
sun illumination. Current matching between bulk and multi-layer regions is succeeded through a selection of ten to twelve Gebased
tuned to 1eV quantum wells in a GaAs environment that provide on the average 3mA/cm2 per quantum well. Furthermore,
we argue that coexistence of two sub-cells (not in tandem) may lead to high efficiencies, where top and bottom units absorb at
short and long wavelengths respectively. Specifically, in an all- GaAs cell with GaAs-Ge tuned layers we expect increased
efficiencies from the cumulative contributions of the two units absorbing in different wavelength regions. Top cell and bottom
cell at 22% absorption may lead to efficiencies near 40%. The advantage of the design consists in lattice-matching and in the
repeatability with different semiconducting layers.
Artificial Neural Networks for Predicting Global Solar Radiation: Case Study Al-Ain City (UAE)
Creators: name: Assi, A.
name: Al Shamisi, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 508-512
description: Measured air temperature, relative humidity, wind and sunshine duration measurements between 1995
and 2007 for Al Ain city in United Arab Emirates (UAE) were used for the estimation of monthly average daily
global radiation on horizontal using Artificial Neural Network technique. Weather data between 1995 and 2006 were
used for training the neural network, while the data of year 2007 was used for validation. The predications of Global
Solar Radiation (GSR) were made using four combinations of data sets namely: 1) Sunshine, Temperature, Humidity
and wind 2) Sunshine, Temperature and Humidity 3) Sunshine, Temperature and wind 4) Sunshine, wind and
Humidity 5) Temperature, Wind and Humidity 6) Sunshine and Temperature 7) Sunshine and Wind 8) Sunshine and
Humidity 9) Temperature and Wind 10) Temperature and Humidity. The ANN models with different input
parameters have R2= 0.7928 or higher, RMSE values vary between 0.276 to 0.79963 and small MBE ranging from -
0.0018895 to 0.0000882.
Fast Method for Monitoring the Interstitial Iron Concentration in p-Type Multicrystalline Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Nagel, H.
name: Lenkeit, B.
name: Zimmermann, S.
name: Schmidt, W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1867-1870
description: Frequently, iron limits the bulk minority carrier lifetime ( tbulk) of multicrystalline (mc) silicon solar cells. We propose to utilize the characteristic injection level dependence of the Shockley-Read-Hall t bulk in 1 – 2 Wcm p-type Si for fast monitoring the Fei concentration (CFei). The method consists of measuring the
short-circuit current density of the solar cells at a single wavelength at 2 known light intensities and calculating the normalised change of the spectral response. It is a measure for CFei in the bulk. Numerical simulations reveal that CFei values in the range of about 4 x 1010 cm-³ to 2 x 1013 cm-³ can be detected in standard industrial type mc Si cells. Measuring accuracy is a factor of 2 to 5, if CFei is below 3 x 1011 cm-³ or above 4 x 1012 cm-³, and up to a factor of 25 in between. It can be improved by additional cell parameter measurements or by narrowing the relatively wide parameter specification of the cells.
Identification Over Crystalline Silicon PV Wafer or Cell for Material Tracking
Creators: name: Lee, J.
name: Wang, F.
name: Cheng, C.Y.
name: Cheng, W.
name: Wu, J.
name: Tseng, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1312-1314
description: The material/product ID is the key to trace reliability/quality issue back to the manufacturing process or
material. For c-Si cell or wafer, industry had struggled for a long time to find a cost effective way to implant ID to every c-Si
cell or wafer without affecting its reliability, performance or appearance. On top of all, the ID should be able to survive and
be detectable after various cell processes or even in laminated c-Si PV module. A new method (patent pending) was
proposed to have reliable and low stress ID over c-Si PV wafers or cells which complies all above criteria. The method has
minimum impact to existing c-Si wafer and cell production lines which is also very important, because the process
equipments used in c-Si PV wafer or cell lines can be very different due to fast changing innovations.
Solvable structures for evolution PDEs admitting differential constraints
Creators: name: De Vecchi, Francesco C.
name: Morando, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58J70, 35B06

description: Solvable structures are exploited in order to find families of explicit solutions to evolution PDEs admitting suitable differential constraints. The effectiveness of the method is verified on several explicit examples.
Proper Test for Solar Cells at the End of an Industrial Production Process
Creators: name: López Escalante, M.
name: López, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Handling Issues and Manufacturing Automation

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2020-2022
description: At the end of the solar cell manufacturing process, the IV characteristics of the cells are measured to determine their electrical properties. This measurement allows producers to determine the electrical quality of the silicon solar cells and, in addition, to control and improve the manufacturing process. The second aim is directly dependent on the devices used to take the measurements. The current trend in photovoltaic industry is to use high- speed flash simulators. In this work are studied the differences between the measurement of three solar simulators and it is focused on the influence of the contact probes in the accuracy of the results.
Deuterium Fractionation in the Ophiuchus Molecular Cloud
Creators: name: Punanova, A.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Pon, A.
name: Belloche, A.
name: André, Ph.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We measure the deuterium fraction, RD, and the CO-depletion factor, fd, toward a number of starless and protostellar cores in the L1688 region of the Ophiuchus molecular cloud complex and search for variations based upon environmental differences across L1688. The kinematic properties of the dense gas traced by the N2H+ and N2D+ (1-0) lines are also discussed. Methods. RD has been measured via observations of the J=1-0 transition of N2H+ and N2D+ toward 33 dense cores in different regions of L1688. fd estimates have been done using C17O(1-0) and 850 micron dust continuum emission from the SCUBA survey. All line observations were carried out with the IRAM 30 meter antenna. Results. The dense cores show large (2-40%) deuterium fractions, with significant variations between the sub-regions of L1688. The CO-depletion factor also varies from one region to another (1-7). Two different correlations are found between deuterium fraction and CO-depletion factor: cores in regions A, B2 and I show increasing RD with increasing fd, similar to previous studies of deuterium fraction in pre-stellar cores; cores in regions B1, B1B2, C, E, F and H show a steeper RD-fd correlation, with large deuterium fractions occurring in fairly quiescent gas with relatively low CO freeze-out factors. These are probably recently formed, centrally concentrated starless cores which have not yet started the contraction phase toward protostellar formation. We also find that the deuterium fraction is affected by the amount of turbulence, dust temperature and distance from heating sources in all regions of L1688, although no clear trend is found.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Rear-Side Contact Structure for Epitaxy Wrap-Through Silicon Thin-Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mitchell, E.J.
name: Künle, M.
name: Kwiatkowska, M.
name: Janz, S.
name: Reber, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Thin Films
Thin Film Crystalline Silicon

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2212-2216
description: The Epitaxy Wrap-Through (EpiWT) cell is a rear contact version of the Epitaxial Wafer-Equivalent, our crystalline silicon thin-film solar cell. The EpiWT concept is similar to an Emitter Wrap-Through cell but the rear structuring requires an isolation layer. Amorphous silicon carbide layers have been tested using an experimental sample structure. The layer resistivity and pinhole incorporation were measured using different types of metal contacts, and laser-scribed isolation trenches were demonstrated. The results indicate that SiC would be a suitable isolation layer for the EpiWT cell if applied with evaporated metallisation, but the laser trenches require further optimisation.
The Timing of Reproduction is Responding Plastically, not Genetically, to Climate Change in Yellow-Bellied Marmots (Marmota flaviventer)
Creators: name: St Lawrence, Sophia Helen
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Microevolution
Phenotypic Plasticity
Climate Change
Evolutionary Ecology

description: With global climates changing rapidly, animals must adapt to new environmental conditions with altered weather and phenology. Key to adapting to these new conditions is adjusting the timing of reproduction to have offspring when the conditions are best to maximize growth and survival. Using a long-term dataset on a wild population of yellow-bellied marmots (Marmota flaviventer) at the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory (RMBL), we investigated how the timing of reproduction changed with changing spring conditions over the past 50 years. Marmots are hibernators with a four-month active season. It is thus crucial to reproduce early enough in the season to have time to prepare for hibernation, but not too early so as snow cover prevents access to food. Importantly, climate change in this area has increased spring temperatures by 5 °C and decreased spring snowpack by 50 cm over the past 50 years. This directional change in climate may have caused adaptation. Given that adaptation to environmental conditions could arise from either microevolution or phenotypic plasticity, we evaluated how female marmots adjust the timing of their reproduction and estimated the importance of both genetic variance and plasticity in the variation in this timing. We show that, within a year, the timing of reproduction is not as tightly linked to the date a female emerges from hibernation as previously thought. We report a positive effect of spring snowpack but not of spring temperature on the timing of reproduction. There is inter-individual variation in the timing of reproduction but not in its response to changing spring conditions. Genetic variance in the timing of reproduction is low, and heritability was 8%. Earlier pup emergence date increases the number and weighted proportion of pups surviving their first winter, indicative of directional selection on this trait. The same pattern is not found for litter size with no effect of pup emergence date on the number of pups born. Further, all three of these traits are not under stabilizing selection. Taken together, it seems that we should expect some changes in this population with changing climatic conditions, but because of plasticity and not due to natural selection. Further, future studies on the marmots should not operate under the assumption that females reproduce immediately following their emergence.
Voltage-Induced Buckling of Dielectric Films using Fluid Electrodes
Creators: name: Tavakol, Behrouz
name: Holmes, Douglas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate and integrable control of different flows within microfluidic channels is crucial to further development of lab-on-a-chip and fully integrated adaptable structures. Here we introduce a flexible microactuator that buckles at a high deformation rate and alters the downstream fluid flow. The microactuator consists of a confined, thin, dielectric film that buckles into the microfluidic channel when exposed to voltage supplied through conductive fluid electrodes. We estimate the critical buckling voltage, and characterize the buckled shape of the actuator. Finally, we investigate the effects of frequency, flow rate, and the pressure differences on the behavior of the buckling structure and the resulting fluid flow. These results demonstrate that the voltage--induced buckling of embedded microstructures using fluid electrodes provides a means for high speed attenuation of microfluidic flow.
Viola pendulipes (Violaceae), a new species from Guangdong Province, China
Creators: name: Huang, Yanshuang
name: Jia, Xin-yu
name: Zeng, Qiu-gen
name: Wen, Wei-liang
name: Fan, Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Southern China
karst landscapes
Viola
myrmecochory

description: Viola pendulipes (Violaceae), a new myrmecochous species from the Baiwan Nature Reserve of Guangdong Province in China, is described and illustrated. Morphologically the new species is most similar to V. nanlingensis, but it is easily distinguished by having truncate or cuneate leaf base (vs. cordate leaf base), robust rhizome with short internodes (vs. slender rhizome with long internodes), curved and drooping peduncles in fruit (vs. erect peduncles in fruit), and oblong anterior petals (vs. spatulate to rhombic anterior petals). Our phylogenetic analysis, based on ITS sequences, confirms that the new species belongs to V. subsect. Diffusae, and is most closely related to V. yunnanensis.
description: Funding provided by: Qingyuan Forestry Bureau*
Crossref Funder Registry ID:
Award Number:
description: The dataset collected by field surveys & Sanger sequencing, adjusted manually, and will be released in Genbank.
The Lab2Line Laser Grooved Buried Contact Screen Printed Solar Cells Hybrid p-Type Monocyrstalline Process
Creators: name: Cole, A.
name: Brown, L.M.
name: Devenport, S.
name: Morrison, D.
name: Heasman, K.C.
name: Bruton, T.M.
name: Serenelli, L.
name: De Iuliis, S.
name: Salza, E.
name: Izzi, M.
name: Tucci, M.
name: Pirozzi, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1318-1322
description: Laser grooved buried contact (LGBC) solar cell technology is an attractive method for the production
of solar cells designed to operate at one sun, and at low to medium concentration. This is mainly due to the low
shading of the solar cell front by the grid contact and the front selective emitter, which ensures better collection for
the short wavelength light. However, compared to standard screen printed solar cells, LGBC cells have a higher
efficiency but require a more complex manufacturing process. As part of the EU funded project, “Lab2Line” we are
marrying the screen printed and LGBC solar cell processing techniques in order to produce high efficiency 1 sun
solar cells on large area (125x125 mm) wafers at the lowest cost. A fine line, screen printing technology has been
used previously [1,2,3] along with LGBC processes to produce solar cells on multicrystaline Si. Using improved
processing steps, this project aims to produce industrially scalable production of high efficiency, fully Screen Printed,
Laser Grooved, Buried Contact Solar Cells (SPBCSCs) on large area monocrystalline wafers.
Phonon lasing as a likely mechanism for density-dependent velocity saturation in GaN transistors
Creators: name: Khurgin, Jacob B.
name: Bajaj, Sanyam
name: Rajan, Siddharth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that density-dependent velocity saturation in a GaN High Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) can be related to the stimulated emission of longitudinal optical (LO) phonons. As the drift velocity of electrons increases, the drift of the Fermi distribution in reciprocal space produces population inversion and gain for the LO phonons. Once this gain reaches a threshold value, the avalanche-like increase of LO emission causes a rapid loss of electron energy and momentum and leads to drift velocity saturation. Our simple model correctly predicts both the general trend of the saturation velocity decreasing with increasing electron density and the values of saturation velocity measured in our experiments.
Logistical Performance Measurement of Photovoltaic Manufacturing Lines
Creators: name: Reddig, K.D.
name: Kischlat, K.
name: Böttinger, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Handling Issues and Manufacturing Automation

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2009-2011
description: The capacities of photovoltaic manufacturing lines grow steadily as well as the demand for photovoltaic products. Along with this growth, detailed performance measuring is desirable to control the factory as well as to find needs for optimisation. For different functions in a factory, different views are necessary. Line engineers have a different need for information than factory managers. Therefore different views in the form of figures, graphs and statistics are needed, which have to be based on the same consistent factory data. In a typical factory, large amounts of data are collected. To draw conclusions and give recommendations, this data most often has to be condensed into specific statistics. Fraunhofer IPA has developed a method and a tool, which allows the generation of specific statistics from the viewpoint of factory logistics. The basis of this is a log file, which tracks the movement of all entities in the factory. For instance in a thin film manufacturing line each substrate can be tracked, in a wafer based manufacturing line a lot
could be the tracked entity. Each entry in the log file describes a specific event (e.g. arrival of a substrate, start of processing, removal of a substrate, scrapping of a substrate). These events are logged in a timely manner. For each entity in the manufacturing line a detailed record of all interesting events is gathered to allow seamless tracking throughout the whole lifetime in the factory. However, aggregated views are necessary for performance measuring, which typically describes performance indicators like cycle time, waiting time, down times, etc. for a specific period of time. The method which is now applied is the aggregation of the events in the log file into statistics that delivers indicators like average cycle time, waiting times of substrates in front of specific process equipment, average buffer utilization, etc. Inside the tool a state machine is utilized. This state machine can be graphically created and edited. In this state machine specific events of a substrate are gathered and accumulated to a single data set. For instance a data set could consist of the arrival of substrate at a process equipment, start and end of processing and retrieval of the substrate. The results of the state machine are fed into a database which allows queries to aggregate the data.
Bulk Hydrogenation in mc-Si by PECVD SiNx Deposition Using Direct and Remote Plasma
Creators: name: Herzog, B.
name: Hahn, G.
name: Hofmann, M.
name: Romijn, I.
name: Weeber, A.W.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1863-1866
description: Our investigation focuses on the effect of bulk hydrogenation in mc-Si via PECVD SiNx deposition at low temperatures, so without a subsequent firing step. In a recent publication we have shown that bulk lifetime improvement in mc-Si takes place during PECVD SiNx deposition at 450°C in a PECVD furnace with direct plasma and low plasma generator frequency. In this work we study the bulk hydrogenation of mc-Si during SiNx deposition in different PECVD systems with direct and remote plasma. Tests were performed on p-type and n-type wafers from mc-Si ingots, p-type String Ribbon wafers and p-type EFG ribbon wafers. Neighbouring and adjacent wafers respectively are used to compare bulk lifetimes after single and double sided SiNx deposition on wafers as grown and after P-gettering. Bulk lifetime was measured spatially resolved with μ-PCD. Surface passivation was provided with an iodine-ethanol solution. Significant bulk lifetime improvement in mc-Si takes place during SiNx deposition at low temperatures in PECVD systems with direct and remote plasma, without additional firing step. The effect varies for different mc-Si materials, however, a general statement for all mc-Si materials is difficult.
Direct single-shot observation of millimeter wave superradiance in Rydberg-Rydberg transitions
Creators: name: Grimes, David D.
name: Coy, Stephen L.
name: Barnum, Timothy J.
name: Zhou, Yan
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
name: Field, Robert W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have directly detected millimeter wave (mm-wave) free space superradiant emission from Rydberg states ($n \sim 30$) of barium atoms in a single shot. We trigger the cooperative effects with a weak initial pulse and detect with single-shot sensitivity and 20 ps time resolution, which allows measurement and shot-by-shot analysis of the distribution of decay rates, time delays, and time-dependent frequency shifts. Cooperative line shifts and decay rates are observed that exceed values that would correspond to the Doppler width of 250 kHz by a factor of 20 and the spontaneous emission rate of 50 Hz by a factor of $10^5$. The initial superradiant output pulse is followed by evolution of the radiation-coupled many-body system toward complex long-lasting emission modes. A comparison to a mean-field theory is presented which reproduces the quantitative time-domain results, but fails to account for either the frequency-domain observations or the long-lived features.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Variation in the pre-transit Balmer line signal around the hot Jupiter HD 189733 b
Creators: name: Cauley, P. Wilson
name: Redfield, Seth
name: Jensen, Adam G.
name: Barman, Travis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As followup to our recent detection of a pre-transit signal around HD 189733 b, we obtained full pre-transit phase coverage of a single planetary transit. The pre-transit signal is again detected in the Balmer lines but with variable strength and timing, suggesting that the bow shock geometry reported in our previous work does not describe the signal from the latest transit. We also demonstrate the use of the Ca II H and K residual core flux as a proxy for the stellar activity level throughout the transit. A moderate trend is found between the pre-transit absorption signal in the 2013 data and the Ca II H flux. This suggests that some of the 2013 pre-transit hydrogen absorption can be attributed to varying stellar activity levels. A very weak correlation is found between the Ca II H core flux and the Balmer line absorption in the 2015 transit, hinting at a smaller contribution from stellar activity compared to the 2013 transit. We simulate how varying stellar activity levels can produce changes in the Balmer line transmission spectra. These simulations show that the strength of the 2013 and 2015 pre-transit signals can be reproduced by stellar variability. If the pre-transit signature is attributed to circumplanetary material, its evolution in time can be described by accretion clumps spiraling towards the star, although this interpretation has serious limitations. Further high-cadence monitoring at H-alpha is necessary to distinguish between true absorption by transiting material and short-term variations in the stellar activity level.
description: 31 pages, 23 figures, accepted for publication in The Astronomical Journal, animation of transit model can be found at http://pwcastro.com/research/
Fabrication of Transparent Monocrystalline Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Makris, T.
name: Tsevas, K.
name: Anagnostopoulos, D.
name: Skuras, E.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1323-1325
description: In this paper we present, for the first time, experimental results concerning the fabrication of 156 x 156
mm2 transparent mono-crystalline Si solar cells. The transparency was achieved by cutting ellipses, using a laser
beam, on the surface of commercially manufactured Si cells. The ellipses were distributed periodically and uniformly
on the surface of the cells thus creating two-dimensional periodic lattices. Each ellipse was confined within the
borders defined by successive grid fingers of the front side ohmic contact of the cells. The periodic patterns of
ellipses were designed to remove from 8 to 12% of the total surface area of each cell. The transparencies of the
fabricated cells were determined by the structure of the two-dimensional periodic patterns and the size of the ellipses.
The efficiencies of the transparent cells were calculated from their I-V characteristic curves and exceed 10%.
On an atom with a magnetic quadrupole moment subject to harmonic and linear confining potentials
Creators: name: Fonseca, I. C.
name: Bakke, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum dynamics of an atom with a magnetic quadrupole moment that interacts with an external field subject to a harmonic and a linear confining potentials is investigated. It is shown that the interaction between the magnetic quadrupole moment and an electric field gives rise to an analogue of the Coulomb potential and, by confining this atom to a harmonic and a linear confining potentials, a quantum effect characterized by the dependence of the angular frequency on the quantum numbers of the system is obtained. In particular, it is shown that the possible values of the angular frequency associated with the ground state of the system are determined by a third-degree algebraic equation.
Reliable Solder Adhesion Performance of Solar Cell Metallisations
Creators: name: Anderson, R.D.
name: Raby, J.A.
name: Oleksyn, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Manufacturing Issues

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1326-1329
description: Solder ribbon adhesion was recorded for the front side metallization for a variety of solder
metallurgies and flux material types over a range of soldering temperatures. Choice of flux was shown to be
significant with respect to solder adhesion by widening the temperature range at which good adhesion performance
can be achieved and enabling the use of lower solder temperatures. The solder metallurgy 62Sn-36Pb-2Ag is shown
to give the best adhesion performance across the widest range of flux materials and solder conditions.
Dust depletion of Ca and Ti in QSO absorption line systems
Creators: name: Guber, C. R.
name: Richter, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To explore the role of titanium- and calcium-dust depletion in gas in and around galaxies we systematically study Ti/Ca abundance ratios in intervening absorption-line systems at low and high redshift. We investigate high-resolution optical spectra obtained by the UVES instrument at the Very Large Telescope and spectroscopically analyze 34 absorption-line systems at z<=0.5 to measure column densities (or limits) for CaII and TiII. We complement our UVES data set with previously published absorption-line data on Ti/Ca for redshifts up to z~3.8. Our absorber sample contains 110 absorbers (DLAs, sub-DLAs & LLSs). We compare our Ti/Ca findings with results from the Milky Way and the Magellanic Clouds and discuss the properties of Ti/Ca absorbers in the general context of quasar absorption-line systems.Our analysis indicates that there are two distinct populations of absorbers with either high or low Ti/Ca ratios with a separation at [Ti/Ca}]~1. While the calcium dust depletion in most of the absorbers appears to be severe, the titanium depletions are mild in systems with high Ti/Ca ratios. The derived trend indicates that absorbers with high Ti/Ca ratios have dust-to-gas ratios that are substantially lower than in the Milky Way. We characterize the overall nature of the absorbers by correlating Ti/Ca with other observables (e.g., metallicity, velocity-component structure) and by modeling the ionization properties of singly-ionized Ca and Ti in different environments. We conclude that CaII and TiII bearing absorption-line systems trace predominantly neutral gas in the disks and inner halo regions of galaxies, where the abundance of Ca and Ti reflects the local metal and dust content of the gas. Our study suggests that the Ti/Ca ratio represents a useful measure for the gas-to-dust ratio and overall metallicity in intervening absorption-line systems.
description: 17 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables
Adsorption of Helium atoms on two-dimensional substrates
Creators: name: Burganova, R.
name: Lysogorskiy, Y.
name: Nedopekin, O.
name: Tayurskii, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the adsorption phenomenon of helium began many decades ago with the discovery of graphite as a homogeneous substrate for investigation of physically adsorbed monolayer films. In particular, helium monoatomic layers on graphite were found to exhibit a very rich phase diagram. In the present work we have investigated the adsorption phenomenon of helium atoms on graphene and silicene substrates by means of density functional theory with Born-Oppenheimer approximation. Helium-substrate and helium-helium interactions were considered from first principles. Vibrational properties of adsorbed monolayers have been used to explore the stability of the system. This approach reproduces results describing the stability of a helium monolayer on graphene calculated by quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) simulations for low and high coverage cases. However, for the moderate coverage value there is discrepancy with QMC results due to the lack of helium zero point motion.
Spectrally Resolved Solar Irradiance from Satellite Data to Investigate the Performance of Thin Film Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Behrendt, T.
name: Kühnert, J.
name: Hammer, A.
name: Lorenz, E.
name: Betcke, J.
name: Heinemann, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 492-497
description: Information on solar irradiance is essential for planning and monitoring photovoltaic systems. Because
some thin film solar cells such as amorphous silicon are only sensitive in a narrow spectral band, the total global
irradiance might not be sufficient to describe the performance of these photovoltaic systems. The spectral irradiance
distribution provides valuable information, but ground measurements are sparse and often not available in proximity
of the plant. We present the SOLIS method to calculate the required information for any location based on satellite
data. The spectral effect on the power output is parameterized using the spectral mismatch factor and the weighted
irradiance. Sensitivity studies on the behavior of the spectral mismatch factor depending on the different atmospheric
parameters were performed using SOLIS. An evaluation of the calculated spectra and their impact on the module
performance in comparison to measured values is given.
Making Masculinity: Beyond 'Butch' in Singapore
Creators: name: Wong, Laura
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gender studies not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis discusses what it means to be a masculine-identified lesbian in the context of heteronormative Singapore, especially since their identities come with a form of visibility that feminine-identified lesbians’ do not. It does this through delineating their embodied identities, their sexualities and desires, the relationship roles they undertake as well as the experiences unique to them.
Keplerian integrals, elimination theory and identification of very short arcs in a large database of optical observations
Creators: name: Gronchi, Giovanni Federico
name: Bau, Giulio
name: Milani, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The modern optical telescopes produce a huge number of asteroid observations, that are grouped into very short arcs (VSAs), each containing a few observations of the same object in one single night. To decide whether two VSAs, collected in different nights, refer to the same observed object we can attempt to compute an orbit with the observations of both arcs: this is called the linkage problem. Since the number of orbit computations to be performed is very large, we need efficient methods of orbit determination. Using the first integrals of Kepler's motion we can write algebraic equations for the linkage problem, which can be put in polynomial form. The equations introduced in (Gronchi et al. 2015) can be reduced to a univariate polynomial of degree 9: the unknown is the topocentric distance $ρ$ of the observed body at the mean epoch of one of the VSAs. Using elimination theory we show an optimal property of this polynomial: it has the least degree among the univariate polynomials in the same variable that are consequence of the algebraic conservation laws and are obtained without squaring operations, that can be used to bring these algebraic equations in polynomial form. In this paper we also introduce a procedure to join three VSAs belonging to different nights: from the conservation of angular momentum at the three mean epochs of the VSAs, we obtain a univariate polynomial equation of degree 8 in the topocentric distance $ρ_2$ at the intermediate epoch. This algorithm has the same computational complexity as the classical method by Gauss, but uses more information, therefore we expect that it can produce more accurate results. For both methods, linking two and three VSAs, we also discuss how to select the solutions, making use of the full two-body dynamics, and show some numerical tests comparing the results with the ones obtained by Gauss' method.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Performances Comparison of Innovative PV Technologies in Different Sites
Creators: name: Marzoli, M.
name: Guastella, S.
name: Paletta, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4285-4288
description: since an increasing number of different PV technologies is commercially available, two multi-section PV
power plants have been installed in two different sites at different meteorological conditions, in order to evaluate the
variation of the PV module efficiency, the total energy production and the reliability of the PV plant components.
Each plant is made of 6 sections: polycrystalline silicon, two high-performance monocrystalline silicon, CIS, CdTe and
amorphous silicon modules. All the sections have the same orientation and the same tilt angle. Moreover, inverters, other
components and supporting structures are the same. In order to have a very high accuracy of the energy and
meteorological measure over time, a monitoring system have been developed and installed on each section, measuring
irradiance, PV module temperature, ambient temperature, DC and AC voltage, current and power.
After 14 months from the connection to the grid, all the plants showed a high reliability of all the components, and a
very different PV module performance. All the crystalline silicon modules had a monthly DC performance ratio higher
than 88%, and low seasonal variation. The CIS modules were performing pretty bad (PRdc always lower than 84%, even
down to 64% in wintertime), while the a-Si modules perform with a very high seasonal variation. The cadmium telluride
modules show a good PRdc level, with some seasonal variation (worse performance in winter), but not so relevant.
Simulation of the Development of Dislocation Density in Multi-Crystalline Silicon during Crystallisation Processes
Creators: name: Behnken, H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1281-1285
description: The crystal plasticity and anisotropy of silicon on the mesoscopic level of the grain structure in multicrystalline
silicon has been connected to macroscopic thermal and mechanical simulations of ingot casting and ribbon crystallisation
processes. This is achieved by transferring the temperatures and displacements from the global simulations to a small
multicrystalline submodel within the tube or the ingot volume. The results show the dislocation distribution within the grain
structure which varies due to the grain orientation as well as the local grain environment.
A Revised Equation for the Formation Rate of Iron-Boron Pairs in Silicon
Creators: name: Tan, J.
name: Macdonald, D.
name: Rougieux, F.
name: Cuevas, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 437-440
description: This paper presents new data regarding the formation rate of iron-boron (Fei-B) pairs in p-type
crystalline silicon (c-Si). Improvements in the temperature control of the sample and a reduction in measurement
error of the effective lifetime of the sample after all Fe-B pairs have reformed has led to a revision of the equation
describing the association time constant of iron-acceptor pair formation in silicon. The new equation predicts a 30%
slower repairing time than the previously used equation.
DualVoice: Speech Interaction that Discriminates between Normal and Whispered Voice Input
Creators: name: Rekimoto, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.5.2; H.1.2

description: Interactions based on automatic speech recognition (ASR) have become widely used, with speech input being increasingly utilized to create documents. However, as there is no easy way to distinguish between commands being issued and text required to be input in speech, misrecognitions are difficult to identify and correct, meaning that documents need to be manually edited and corrected. The input of symbols and commands is also challenging because these may be misrecognized as text letters. To address these problems, this study proposes a speech interaction method called DualVoice, by which commands can be input in a whispered voice and letters in a normal voice. The proposed method does not require any specialized hardware other than a regular microphone, enabling a complete hands-free interaction. The method can be used in a wide range of situations where speech recognition is already available, ranging from text input to mobile/wearable computing. Two neural networks were designed in this study, one for discriminating normal speech from whispered speech, and the second for recognizing whisper speech. A prototype of a text input system was then developed to show how normal and whispered voice can be used in speech text input. Other potential applications using DualVoice are also discussed.
description: to appear as ACM UIST 2022 paper
Seasonal Power Fluctuations of Single Junction Amorphous Silicon Modules. It Is Possible to Distinguish between Spectral Variation and Staebler-Wronski Effect?
Creators: name: Fanni, L.
name: Virtuani, A.
name: Chianese, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 4265-4268
description: A typical characteristic of amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules is the variation of the outdoor
working efficiency during the year. This variation is pronounced and periodical but it is not yet clear if this behavior
depends on the succession of light-induced degradation and temperature recovery (Staebler-Wronski effect) or on the
periodical variation of the sun spectrum during the year. A combination of both effects is likely.
This study aims to distinguish which is the effect that mainly affects the power of amorphous silicon. By measuring
two single junction amorphous silicon modules (one stored indoors and the other exposed outdoors) with two
different IV-curve measurement systems (indoor sun simulator and outdoor suntracker system) it was possible to
separate the two effects. Preliminary outcomes indicate that the power variation due to spectrum is up to 15%
whereas the variation induced by the Staebler-Wronski is around 7-8%. Within this study it was confirmed that sun
spectrum variation has an opposite influence on amorphous silicon with respect to crystalline silicon, e.g. increasing
the blue component of the sun spectrum (summer time) leads to an a-Si power increase whereas it decreases the c-Si
power.