cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Spin-Superfluidity and Spin-Current Mediated Non-Local Transport
Creators: name: Chen, Hua
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some strategies for reducing energy consumption in information processing devices involve the use of spin rather than charge to carry information. This idea is especially attractive when the spin current is a collective one carried by the condensate of a magnetically ordered state, rather than a quasiparticle current carried by electrons or magnons. In this Chapter we explain how easy-plane magnets can be viewed as Bose-Einstein condensates of magnons, defined in terms of quanta of the spin-component perpendicular to the easy plane, and how they can carry dissipationless spin-currents that induce non-local interactions between electrically isolated conducting channels. We comment specifically on important differences between superconductivity in normal/superconducting/normal circuits and spin-superfluidity in normal/magnetic/normal circuits.
description: Chapter in "Universal Themes of Bose-Einstein Condensation" edited by David Snoke, Nikolaos Proukakis and Peter Littlewood, to be published by Cambridge University Press
Simple Modelling and Degradation Study of Two CIS PV Modules in a Sunny Climate
Creators: name: Fuentes, M.
name: Nofuentes, G.
name: Aguilera, J.
name: Muñoz Díez, J.V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3517-3522
description: Copper indium diselenide (CIS) has been identified as a promising thin-film technology. However,
firms demand more knowledge concerning both the electric behaviour of these relatively new modules and the
eficiency losses they may experience during their outdoors exposure. This possible degradation –or efficiency lossesis
a hot issue which lacks a full understanding. Three simple methods addressed to predict the behaviour of two CIS
PV calibrated modules under real operating conditions have been empirically tried. Futhermore, their stability is
studied by means of calculating the module performance ratio (PRM) and the NREL method. Results show the
decrease in their maximum power in STC. The experimental campaign was developed in two different periods. The
first took place during twelve months among June 2006 and May 2007. A re-calibration of all significant electrical
parameters of the two modules was entrusted again to the same accredited independent laboratory after this period,
and one year later, the second period of experimental campaign has taken place since December 2008 in the city of
Jaén (Spain). Results show a very good stability of this technology over the course of the experimental campaign.
Further, values of PRM over the eight months of the experimental campaign were above 90%.
Local and Regional PV Power Prediction for Large Scale Grid Integration: Assessment of a New Algorithm for Snow Detection
Creators: name: Lorenz, E.
name: Heinemann, D.
name: Kurz, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3854-3861
description: Large scale grid integration of PV power requires forecast information on the expected PV power for
all levels of electricity supply systems. Regional PV power forecasts provide the basis for grid management and
trading of PV power on the energy market. On the local scale, smart grid applications define a sector with increasing
need for PV power forecasting. Here, we present and evaluate new and enhanced features of the regional PV power
prediction system of the University of Oldenburg and Meteocontrol GmbH. The basic approach to predict regional
PV power with an hourly resolution of up to two days ahead is based on global model forecasts of the European
Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) and includes explicit physical modelling steps to convert
the predicted solar irradiance into PV power. The proposed new, empirical approach aims at improving PV power
predictions during periods of snow cover, where the original forecasts often show a strong overestimation. The
approach integrates measured PV power production data and additional meteorological forecast parameters. The new
approach for power forecasting has been evaluated against the operational forecasts for the control area of the
German transmission system operator "50Hertz Transmission GmbH" for a one-year period. The root mean square
error (rmse) of the forecasts could be reduced from 4.9% to 3.9% for intra-day forecasts, and from 5.7% to 4.6% for
day-ahead forecasts, respectively. The largest improvement was found during January, where the rmse could be
reduced by more than half applying the proposed algorithm for snow detection.
Use of Clearness Indexes for Prediction of the Performance of PV Modules
Creators: name: Rodziewicz, T.
name: Zaremba, A.
name: Waclawek, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3523-3526
description: Possibility of use of atmosphere clearness indexes kTm and corresponding with them diffuse component content
indexes for prediction of the performance of PV modules in outdoor conditions were shown. Modules studied were carried out with
different absorbers and using different technologies. Impact of these indexes on efficiency values of different modules was
presented. Annual distribution of these indexes in higher latitude areas was shown. Simple method of computing of these indexes
was published (starting from integral (daily, monthly and yearly insolation) values). Dependence between average photon energy of
tested solar spectrum and related diffuse component content index value was demonstrated.
Erste Reaktionen auf die Dekrete des Zweiten Vatikanischen Konzils von orthodoxer Bedeutung
Creators: name: Marot, Hilaire
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 2 Nr. 4 (1966): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 2, Heft 4
Influence of Electrical Field and Cell Design on Moisture Penetration
Creators: name: Krull, S.
name: Sinicco, I.
name: Roth, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3557-3560
description: The main objective to study the mechanisms of moisture penetration on glass/PVB/glass-laminates is
generated by the request to improve reliability of PVB based PV modules.
Various experimental works were performed to understand the different channels for moisture penetration. Different
cell structures have been used; additionally an electrical field was applied in different electrode configurations to
investigate its influence. The moisture content is determined by punctual IR spectroscopy. The samples are stressed
by standard damp heat-treatment.
High Efficiency Hydrogenated Nanocrystalline Silicon Based Solar Cells Deposited on Optimized Ag/ZnO Back Reflectors
Creators: name: Yue, G.
name: Sivec, L.
name: Yan, B.
name: Yang, J.
name: Guha, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3196-3200
description: We have systematically studied Ag/ZnO back reflectors (BR) for hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon
(nc-Si:H) solar cells. A properly textured Ag with thin ZnO was found to provide the best results. Using these
optimized BRs, we have improved the nc-Si:H cell efficiency significantly. An initial active-area efficiency of 10.2%
in a nc-Si:H single-junction cell made at a relatively low rate of ~5 Å/s has been achieved. Using these nc-Si:H cells
as component cells in an a-Si:H/nc-Si:H/nc-Si:H triple-junction structure, we have attained a 14.5% initial activearea
efficiency. Stability studies reveal the efficiency degradation of the triple-junction cells in the range of 4-11%,
leading to an active-area stable efficiency of 13.5%. For high rate deposition at >10 Å/s, with deposition time of the
nc-Si:H intrinsic layer limited to 20 minutes, initial active-area efficiencies of 8.7% and 13.2% have been achieved
for an nc-Si:H single-junction cell and an a-Si:H/nc-Si:H/nc-Si:H triple-junction cell, respectively.
An Assessment of the Impact of IT on Accounting Infornation Systems
Creators: name: Qatawneh, Adel
Publisher: name: Cardiff Metropolitan University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Accounting theory and standards

description: The research theme is based on the impact of IT on the effectiveness of AIS that aims to define the effective performance management in the banks of Jordan. The research has been conducted on the banks in Jordan to know the functions of AIS and the impact of IT on AIS to turn the collected data into valuable and relatable information. The IT used in an organization determines the quality of the AIS for accounting purposes. AIS are capable of converting business data into valuable information for the purpose of decision making, cost reduction, and fulfilling legal reporting obligations. This study investigated the impact of IT on banks listed on the Jordanian stock exchange, focusing on the hardware, software, and network aspects of IT to determine the qualitative characteristics of AIS that meet the requirements of accounting frameworks. It also determined whether the AIS can distinguish useful information for decision making and its impact on the internal control system that can be used to improve the business management decision making processes. Drawing on accounting theory, the particular qualitative characteristics it focused on are relevance, reliability, consistency, understandability, materiality, objectivity, and comparability of accounting information from IT-based AIS, and whether they provide a faithful representation of business data in AIS to enhance its quality for financial reporting that is consistent with accounting regulatory frameworks.
Orthogonality breaking sensing model based on the instantaneous Stokes vector and the Mueller calculus
Creators: name: Ortega-Quijano, Noé
name: Fade, Julien
name: Roche, Muriel
name: Parnet, François
name: Alouini, Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarimetric sensing by orthogonality breaking has been recently proposed as an alternative technique for performing direct and fast polarimetric measurements using a specific dual-frequency dual-polarization (DFDP) source. Based on the instantaneous Stokes-Mueller formalism to describe the high-frequency evolution of the DFDP beam intensity, we thoroughly analyze the interaction of such a beam with birefringent, dichroic and depolarizing samples. This allows us to confirm that orthogonality breaking is produced by the sample diattenuation, whereas this technique is immune to both birefringence and diagonal depolarization. We further analyze the robustness of this technique when polarimetric sensing is performed through a birefringent waveguide, and the optimal DFDP source configuration for fiber-based endoscopic measurements is subsequently identified. Finally, we consider a stochastic depolarization model based on an ensemble of random linear diattenuators, which makes it possible to understand the progressive vanishing of the detected orthogonality breaking signal as the spatial heterogeneity of the sample increases, thus confirming the insensitivity of this method to diagonal depolarization. The fact that the orthogonality breaking signal is exclusively due to the sample dichroism is an advantageous feature for the precise decoupled characterization of such an anisotropic parameter in samples showing several simultaneous effects.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Nano-Scale Photocurrent Map of Si Thin Film Solar Cells by Conductive-AFM
Creators: name: Natsuhara, H.
name: Kawai, M.
name: Kawakami, T.
name: Inaba, T.
name: Ohashi, F.
name: Itoh, T.
name: Nonomura, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3205-3208
description: The nano-scale current voltage (I-V) characteristics and photo-currents were measured using
conductive-AFM with white LED. Optimization work of the deposited condition of ZnO films for coating material of
the AFM cantilever was carried out to obtain proper nano-scale I-V characteristics of a-Si:H solar cells. Depositions
of ZnO films on the AFM cantilever resulted in the changes of I-V characteristics from Schottky to Ohmic like.
Diode characteristics were appeared under no white LED irradiation and photo-current characteristic was shifted
downwards from dark-current characteristics by white LED irradiation. In addition, photo-current map of a-Si:H
solar cell with white LED irradiation were obtained at bias voltage of 0 V. It is considered that the high photo-current
paths were originated by nano-crystallite of n-layer of the a-Si:H solar cell. These techniques contribute to reach
higher conversion efficiency of thin film solar cells.
Coherent states on quaternion Slices and a measurable field of Hilbert spaces
Creators: name: Thirulogasanthar, K.
name: Muraleetharan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R30, 46E22

description: A set of reproducing kernel Hilbert spaces are obtained on Hilbert spaces over quaternion slices with the aid of coherent states. It is proved that the so obtained set forms a measurable field of Hilbert spaces and their direct integral appears again as a reproducing kernel Hilbert space for a bigger Hilbert space over the whole quaternions. Hilbert spaces over quaternion slices are identified as representation spaces for a set of irreducible unitary group representations and their direct integral is shown to be a reducible representation for the Hilbert space over the whole quaternion field.
description: 19 pages
Two-photon tomography using on-chip quantum walks
Creators: name: Titchener, James
name: Solntsev, Alexander
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a conceptual approach to quantum tomography based on first expanding a quantum state across extra degrees of freedom and then exploiting the introduced sparsity to perform reconstruction. We formulate its application to photonic circuits, and show that measured spatial photon correlations at the output of a specially tailored discrete-continuous quantum-walk can enable full reconstruction of any two-photon spatially entangled and mixed state at the input. This approach does not require any tunable elements, so is well suited for integration with on-chip superconducting photon detectors.
Extremely Low Surface Recombination Velocities Realized by Cat-CVD SiNx/a-Si Staked Films on (100) and (111) Crystalline Si Substrates
Creators: name: Koyama, K.
name: Kato, K.
name: Ohdaira, K.
name: Matsumura, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1678-1681
description: The surface recombination velocity (SRV) of alkali-textured crystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers can be
lowered to as low as 4.8 cm/s by using amorphous Si (a-Si) and Si nitride (SiNx) stacked films prepared by
catalytic chemical vapor deposition (Cat-CVD). This value is much lower than those of c-Si wafers passivated by
similar stacked structures formed by remote plasma-enhanced CVD (PECVD). It is revealed that the plasmadamage-
less deposition of Cat-CVD a-Si insertion layers plays an important role to improve interface quality, and
also that SiNx films are also essential for the dramatic reduction of SRV down to such low levels. We also
investigate the interface of a-Si/c-Si using a scanning transmission electron microscope (STEM) in order to
clarify the origin of a sensitive dependence of SRVs of the stacked structure on the thickness of an a-Si layer. We
find remarkably close correlation of the results of the STEM observation and SRVs.
Contribution of excited states to stellar weak-interaction rates in odd-A nuclei
Creators: name: Sarriguren, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak-interaction rates, including beta-decay and electron capture, are studied in several odd-A nuclei in the pf-shell region at various densities and temperatures of astrophysical interest. Special attention is paid to the relative contribution to these rates of thermally populated excited states in the decaying nucleus. The nuclear structure involved in the weak processes is studied within a quasiparticle random-phase approximation with residual interactions in both particle-hole and particle-particle channels on top of a deformed Skyrme Hartree-Fock mean field with pairing correlations. In the range of densities and temperatures considered, it is found that the total rates do not differ much from the rates of the ground state fully populated. In any case, the changes are not larger than the uncertainties due to the nuclear model dependence of the rates.
description: 13 pages, 20 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1304.2155
Successful Implementation of Narrow AG Gridlines with Ink Jet Machine for High Quality Contacts to Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ebong, A.
name: Cooper, I.B.
name: Rounsaville, B.
name: Rohatgi, A.
name: Dovrat, M.
name: Kritchman, E.
name: Brusilovsky, D.
name: Benichou, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1711-1714
description: The cost of solar electricity can be reduced by decreasing the amount of Ag metal in addition to
decreasing the Si usage. However, the nature of the Ag pastes used with screen-printing does not promote such
reduction because of low conductivity of the gridlines after contact co-firing . Therefore, ~220 mg of Ag is required
to achieve >78% fill factor (FF). This represents a cost of $0.42 per 6” wafer or $0.097 per watt. In order to reduce
the cost to ~$0.25 per 6” wafer or $0.054 per watt, we investigated the use of ink jet deposition to achieve full
gridlines. In this paper we report on the inkjet full gridline cells with three different Ag dosages (70, 90 and 130 mg)
on 75-Ω/sq emitters. We observed that the open circuit voltage (VOC) and short circuit current density (JSC) were
similar for the three dosages, while the FF suffers as the amount of Ag used decreases. Because of the decreased FF
with decreasing Ag amount, the efficiency followed the same trend. However we demonstrated, for the first time,
fully ink jetted front Ag gridlines with a FF of 0.780 and efficiency of 18.5% on 239 cm2 commercial CZ wafers with
sheet resistance of 75-/sq. Worthy of note is the achievement of 17.8% efficiency with only 70 mg of Ag, which is
~32% of Ag amount used on screen-printed cells. This represents a cost savings of ~$0.245 per 6” wafer compared to
the screen-printed counterpart.
Interdisciplinary Research on Thin Film Photovoltaic Facades and Building Standards
Creators: name: Muntwyler, U.
name: Reber, N.
name: Bützer, D
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4000-4004
description: High-elevation houses display a rather bad relation between the flat roof surface and the total building
surface. The façade areas are much bigger. It is hence more interesting to cover the surface of the façades with
solar cells than mounting solar cells on the top of such buildings. The amount of energy produced by façades
represents about 70% of the energy generated by a tilted surface. Production of electricity is generally not a priority
of architects who are more focused on cost efficiency per square meter. While crystalline solar cells are
comparatively costly due to their high efficiency, thin film solar cells are more reasonably priced but have a lower
efficiency per square meter. Consequently, architects may be attracted to construct façades with thin film
photovoltaic (PV) -modules. Extensive mechanical tests are needed, however, as the specifications of PV modules do
not comply with buildings standards. We present several examples of PV-façades with all kind of technologies
realized in Switzerland.
The main project presented will be the two 60 m high-rise buildings “Sihlweid” in Zurich (Switzerland). Their
surfaces will be transformed into PV-façades with thin film tandem modules. This is part of a retrofit project of these
two buildings in 2011 and 2012. Students of the Bern University of Applied Sciences (BUAS-TI) are involved during
their bachelor thesis in planning aspects of this spectacular project. The project has mechanical aspects. The structural
rigidity of the PV-modules had to be tested in the test bench of the Bern University of Applied Sciences, Department
Architecture, Wood and Civil Engineering in Biel with the original fixation of the façade elements. The requirements
of the fire brigade department of Zurich had to be fulfilled. This is especially difficult as façades have stringent
requirements against fire. The cabling of the PV-modules is another difficult task. Partial shading has to be
considered. For that reason practical tests were done in the PV Laboratory of the Berne University of Applied
Sciences in Burgdorf. This was done with the software PVSyst. Shading was measured with the instrument “Suneye”
and its software. The retrofit construction work of the first house starts in summer 2011.
Sunspot group tilt angle measurements from historical observations
Creators: name: Pavai, V. Senthamizh
name: Arlt, R.
name: Diercke, A.
name: Denker, C.
name: Vaquero, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sunspot positions from various historical sets of solar drawings are analysed with respect to the tilt angles of bipolar sunspot groups. Data by Scheiner, Hevelius, Staudacher, Zucconi, Schwabe, and Spoerer deliver a series of average tilt angles spanning a period of 270 years, additional to previously found values for 20th-century data obtained by other authors. We find that the average tilt angles before the Maunder minimum were not significantly different from the modern values. However, the average tilt angles of a period 50 years after the Maunder minimum, namely for cycles 0 and 1, were much lower and near zero. The normal tilt angles before the Maunder minimum suggest that it was not abnormally low tilt angles which drove the solar cycle into a grand minimum.
description: accepted by Advances in Space Research
Evaluation of 1 Year Monitoring Results of a Testing Stand for Building Integrated PV Elements
Creators: name: Chatzipanagi, A.
name: Frontini, F.
name: Dittmann, S.
name: Nagel, K.
name: Pola, I.
name: Fanni, L.
name: Binder, B.
name: Stephan, C.
name: Ghazi Wakili, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
PV and Architecture

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4005-4010
description: PV industries offering products that can be integrated as building materials represent so far a niche
but promising market. In Switzerland, according to a study of the International Energy Agency (IEA), the
potential of PV installed in well-oriented roofs and facades in Switzerland represents 35% of the annual
electricity needs. At the moment, only a few studies have been carried out in order to assess the interaction
between the fastening systems or the building component and the PV modules. This fact may represent a barrier
for the PV industry but also for the building industry, which has yet to gain confidence in these new materials.
This project aims to analyze these innovating products. In order to define their electrical and thermal
characteristics a Building integrated PV (BiPV) test stand was build at SUSPI-ISAAC and 22 modules were
monitored for one year. The paper will present the main result of the monitoring stage and the thermal
characteristics (U-value and g-value) measured at the EMPA laboratory.
10 Years Field Experience with Modular AC-Coupled Off-Grid Systems
Creators: name: Thim, F.
name: Rothert, M.
name: Wachenfeld, V.
name: Landau, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4025-4028
description: We present the development, field experiences and lessons learned from 10 years of installing and
operating modular off-grid system technology. This approach summarizes different technical developments and gives
an outlook to future scenarios of inverter technology. Starting with the first modular off-grid inverter for AC-coupled
systems in 2001, AC-coupling today is a standard accepted worldwide which has been implemented by various
inverter manufacturers. The devices in the beginning had been mainly used for specific projects. The installations and
the commissioning of the first systems have been technically more challenging than today. Over the years, the
inverter technology has become more and more robust, quality figures like MTBF did increase significantly. In fact,
it turns out that the inverters now have got the same quality as grid-tied inverters. Within 10 years, serial production
became standard. The modular concept as well turned out to be very successful due to the high reliability and the
easier service compared to big central devices. Service can be provided by local electricians now, which is very
important in remote areas. Today, off-grid systems with Multicluster Technology are available for systems up to 300
kW. Different technical developments and resulting benefits for the end customer will be presented. The realization
of large hybrid off-grid systems is one of the challenges in the energy supply of remote areas in the coming years.
Increasing demands for such systems have become obvious.
Welches sind die Hauptanliegen der orthodoxen Kirche gegenüber der katholischen Kirche?
Creators: name: Evdokimov, Paul
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 2 Nr. 4 (1966): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 2, Heft 4
Comparative Analysis of EVA and TPU Encapsulant Materials Before and After Accelerated Ageing Procedure
Creators: name: Duris, T.
name: Šály, V.
name: Vincze, A.
name: Ruzinsky, M.
name: Packa, J.
name: Váry, M.
name: Barinka, R.
name: Poruba, A.
name: Uherek, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3487-3489
description: In this work, results of EVA and TPU encapsulant materials before and after degradation procedure are
presented. According to local colour changes of TPU reported in our previous paper, three characteristic regions were
chosen to be investigated by surface secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) analysis. Additionally changes on
electrical characteristics – resistivity behavior and colour changes of encapsulant material were observed. Specimen
of TPU, resp. EVA encapsulant was stripped from both degraded and non-degraded PV mini-module. We observed
significant TPU changes after degradation in all investigated regions. Large numbers of peaks, represented by bonds
of Six-Cy-Hz-Nw were detected in TPU specimen mass spectra in the region around mono-crystalline silicon solar cell
while this was not true in the case of TPU SIMS spectra coming from the specimen that was taken apart from solar
cell.
Experiences with a PV-Driven Seawater Desalination System Using an Operating Control Strategy for Operation Without Batteries
Creators: name: Went, J.
name: Schies, A.
name: Anhalt, J.
name: Vetter, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Off-grid Applications

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 4034-4037
description: Availability of drinking water and fresh water for irrigation is going to be more critical for many arid regions in
the world. In rural areas suffering from water scarcity and insufficient infrastructure, decentralized autonomous
seawater desalination systems could be a sustainable solution for fresh water production. Autonomy could be
achieved through coupling RO desalination with PV especially because the need for seawater desalination often
coincides with regions receiving large amounts of solar irradiation. Such autonomous solar driven desalination
system for rural areas needs to be cost effective and requiring low maintenance. One way to achieve this is
through reducing or eliminating the need for energy storage devices while producing as much water as possible
during sunshine hours without losses. A photovoltaic reverse osmosis system without energy storage has to be
tracked to the solar power offered. This results in an intermittent and dynamic operation, which requires
sophisticated operating control strategies. A photovoltaic driven reverse osmosis desalination system (PV-RO)
that meets these requirements was developed and realized at Fraunhofer ISE.
Investigation of iron emission lines in the eclipsing high mass X-ray binary pulsar OAO 1657-415
Creators: name: Jaisawal, Gaurava K.
name: Naik, Sachindra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results obtained from timing and spectral studies of high mass X-ray binary pulsar OAO 1657-415 using a Suzaku observations in 2011 September. X-ray pulsations were detected in the light curves up to $\sim$70 keV. The continuum spectra during the high- and low-flux regions in light curves were well described by high energy cutoff power-law model along with a blackbody component and iron fluorescent lines at 6.4 keV and 7.06 keV. Time resolved spectroscopy was carried out by dividing the entire observations into 18 narrow segments. Presence of additional dense matter at various orbital phases was confirmed as the cause of low-flux regions in the observations. Presence of additional matter at several orbital phases of the pulsar was interpreted as due to the inhomogeneously distributed clumps of matter around the neutron star. Using clumpy wind hypothesis, the physical parameters of the clumps causing the high- and low-flux episodes in the pulsar light curve were estimated. The equivalent width of iron emission lines was found to be significantly large at certain orbital phases of low-flux segments. We investigated the iron line emitting regions and suggest the existence of neutral and ionized iron atoms in emission sites that are located within the accretion radius.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures; 2014, Bull. Astr. Soc. India, 42, 147
Analysis of Materials and Techniques for Photovoltaic Module Encapsulation
Creators: name: Santos Junior, S.L.R.
name: Moehlecke, A.
name: Zanesco, I.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3502-3504
description: The purpose of this paper is to present an experimental comparison of PV module prototypes
concerning different accelerated tests. The prototypes were submitted to salt spray corrosion test, thermal cycling
test, thermal cycling followed by humidity and freezing test, ultra-violet and outdoor exposure test. The tests follow
the Brazilian Labeling Program, the IEC 61215 and the IEC 61345 standards. The prototypes were optically and
electrically characterized before and after each test. By the reflectance analysis of different regions of the prototypes,
no delamination or discoloration processes were observed after the tests. Degradation of the electrical characteristics
of the prototypes were observed, with 60 % approval in the salt spray test, 75 % in the exposition to ultraviolet
radiation test, 50 % in the external exposition test, 75 % in the thermal cycle test and 75 % in the thermal cycle
followed by humidity and freezing test. Concerning edge seal, we observed that tape presented the best results for
most tests, with exception to the outdoor exposure test.
iPTF15dtg: a double-peaked Type Ic Supernova from a massive progenitor
Creators: name: Taddia, F.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Corsi, A.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Karamehmetoglu, E.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Bue, B.
name: Ergon, M.
name: Kasliwal, M.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Wozniak, P. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ic supernovae (SNe Ic) arise from the core-collapse of H (and He) poor stars, which could be either single WR stars or lower-mass stars stripped of their envelope by a companion. Their light curves are radioactively powered and usually show a fast rise to peak ($\sim$10-15 d), without any early (first few days) emission bumps (with the exception of broad-lined SNe Ic) as sometimes seen for other types of stripped-envelope SNe (e.g., Type IIb SN 1993J and Type Ib SN 2008D). We have studied iPTF15dtg, a spectroscopically normal SN Ic with an early excess in the optical light curves followed by a long ($\sim$30 d) rise to the main peak. It is the first spectroscopically-normal double-peaked SN Ic observed. We aim to determine the properties of this explosion and of its progenitor star. Optical photometry and spectroscopy of iPTF15dtg was obtained with multiple telescopes. The resulting light curves and spectral sequence are analyzed and modelled with hydrodynamical and analytical models, with particular focus on the early emission. Results. iPTF15dtg is a slow rising SN Ic, similar to SN 2011bm. Hydrodynamical modelling of the bolometric properties reveals a large ejecta mass ($\sim$10 $M_{\odot}$) and strong $^{56}$Ni mixing. The luminous early emission can be reproduced if we account for the presence of an extended ($\sim$500 R$_{\odot}$), low-mass ($\sim$0.045 M$_{\odot}$) envelope around the progenitor star. Alternative scenarios for the early peak, such as the interaction with a companion, a shock-breakout (SBO) cooling tail from the progenitor surface, or a magnetar-driven SBO are not favored. The large ejecta mass and the presence of H and He free extended material around the star suggest that the progenitor of iPTF15dtg was a massive ($\gtrsim$ 35 M$_{\odot}$) WR star suffering strong mass loss.
description: Resubmitted to Astronomy and Astrophysics, 13 pages, 14 figures
A Parallax-based Distance Estimator for Spiral Arm Sources
Creators: name: Reid, M. J.
name: Dame, T. M.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Brunthaler, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spiral arms of the Milky Way are being accurately located for the first time via trigonometric parallaxes of massive star forming regions with the BeSSeL Survey, using the Very Long Baseline Array and the European VLBI Network, and with the Japanese VERA project. Here we describe a computer program that leverages these results to significantly improve the accuracy and reliability of distance estimates to other sources that are known to follow spiral structure. Using a Bayesian approach, sources are assigned to arms based on their (l,b,v) coordinates with respect to arm signatures seen in CO and HI surveys. A source's kinematic distance, displacement from the plane, and proximity to individual parallax sources are also considered in generating a full distance probability density function. Using this program to estimate distances to large numbers of star forming regions, we generate a realistic visualization of the Milky Way's spiral structure as seen from the northern hemisphere.
description: 25 pages with 16 figures; to appear in ApJ
A sufficient condition for a pair of sequences to be bipartite graphic
Creators: name: Cairns, Grant
name: Mendan, Stacey
name: Nikolayevsky, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C07

description: We present a sufficient condition for a pair of finite integer sequences to be degree sequences of a bipartite graph, based only on the lengths of the sequences and their largest and smallest elements.
description: 5 pages
Regularized MPM for porous media
Creators: name: Chmelnizkij, Alexander
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Hamburg, Institut für Geotechnik und Baubetrieb
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Material Point Method (MPM), Wave propagation in saturated porous media, Moving-Least-Squares (MLS), Regularization, Large Deformation, Parallization
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Verbesserung der Material Point Methode (MPM) und ihrer Anwendung auf Differentialgleichungen, die zur Modellierung von trockenen und gesättigten porösen Medien verwendet werden. Zur Verbesserung der Moving Least Squares Approximation (MLS) in der MPM wird eine adaptive Regularisierung vorgeschlagen, die es ermöglicht auch bei ungünstigen Verteilungen von Material Punkten zufriedenstellende Ergebnisse zu erzielen. Zusätzlich wird die Wendland Funktion als Gewichtungsfunktion für die MPM vorgeschlagen, die verbesserten Ergebnisse bei der Konvergenzanalyse zeigt. Zur effizienteren Simulation von gesättigten Böden, wird die Parallelisierung der Double-Point-MPM (2P-MPM) vorgestellt.
description: The present work deals with improving the Material Point Method (MPM) and its application to differential equations for modelling dry and saturated porous media. An adaptive regularization is proposed to improve the Moving Least Squares Approximation (MLS) in MPM, allowing improved results to be obtained even in the presence of unfavourable distributions of material points. Moreover, the Wendland function is proposed as a weighting function for the MPM, showing better convergence analysis results. The parallelization of the double point MPM (2P-MPM) is presented for a more efficient simulation of saturated soils.
Brown Dwarf Observations: A Review
Creators: name: Leggett, Sandy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: (stars:) brown dwarfs, stars: low-mass, stars: atmospheres, stars: fundamental parameters, surveys, proper motions, (Galaxy:) solar neighborhood, infrared: stars

description: The presentation is an invited observational review for the Cools Stars 21 Splinter session "Brown Dwarfs Beyond a Quarter Century", which was dedicated to the memory of Dr France Allard. Given the available time, the review includes only the topics most familiar to the author: the discovery of increasingly cooler objects, the application of model atmospheres to observations, and the advances made in our understanding of the physical and chemical properties of cold low-mass stars and brown dwarfs.
Interface-induced Polarization in SrTiO$_3$-LaCrO$_3$ Superlattices
Creators: name: Comes, Ryan B.
name: Spurgeon, Steven R.
name: Heald, Steve M.
name: Kepaptsoglou, Despoina M.
name: Jones, Lewys
name: Ong, Phuong Vu
name: Bowden, Mark E.
name: Ramasse, Quentin M.
name: Sushko, Peter V.
name: Chambers, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial interfaces and superlattices comprised of polar and non-polar perovskite oxides have generated considerable interest because they possess a range of desirable properties for functional devices. In this work, emergent polarization in superlattices of SrTiO$_3$ (STO) and LaCrO$_3$ (LCO) is demonstrated. By controlling the interfaces between polar LCO and non-polar STO, polarization is induced throughout the STO layers of the superlattice. Using x-ray absorption near-edge spectroscopy and aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy displacements of the Ti cations off-center within TiO6 octahedra along the superlattice growth direction are measured. This distortion gives rise to built-in potential gradients within the STO and LCO layers, as measured by in situ x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Density functional theory models explain the mechanisms underlying this behavior, revealing the existence of both an intrinsic polar distortion and a built-in electric field, which are due to alternately positively and negatively charged interfaces in the superlattice. This study paves the way for controllable polarization for carrier separation in multilayer materials and highlights the crucial role that interface structure plays in governing such behavior.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, supplement: 13 pages, 7 figures, Advanced Materials Interfaces, Early View, 2016
Performance of Flat Module Made of Sphelar® Cells in Higher Latitude Areas
Creators: name: Rodziewicz, T.
name: Nakata, J.
name: Taira, K.
name: Inagawa, I.
name: Zaremba, A.
name: Waclawek, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3513-3516
description: The performance of new-created flat module made of spherical cells (Sphelar®) in outdoor conditions was
presented. Investigations were performed at the turn of 2008/2009 at the Opole University. For comparison commercially available
flat PV modules were taken, namely single crystalline and multicrystalline Si modules as well as thin-film CIS and two amorphous
Si modules - single junction, marked as SJ, and triple junction, marked as TJ, respectively. All of them were placed on the same
plane. The PV data and their integral values (eg cumulated energy and charge) of tested photovoltaic modules as well as
meteorological data (insolation on the surface of modules, measured by the detector Kipp&Zonen as well as by the calibrated
photocell, relative humidity, air pressure and temperature, wind speed and direction) were measured in 30 second period (or
calculated) and stored by an acquisition data system. Additionally, temperature of the modules was measured. Special attention was
paid to analyse the comparison of normalised values of photocurrent and cumulated energy of modules in sunny and cloudy days.
Efficiency of energy generation was also discussed. SPHELAR® module has the highest and stable value of the Fill Factor.
It is evident, that the Sphelar® module is the best while it is working particularly with diffuse solar radiation and at low angles of
incident radiation. So it is competitive with tracking modules. Such performance makes it ideal for BIPV. One could recommend it
also to work in frequently shaded areas.
Polarization Enhancement of terahertz radiation generated by intrinsic Josephson junctions in a truncated edge square Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+δ} mesa
Creators: name: Elarabi, A.
name: Yoshioka, Y.
name: Tsujimoto, M.
name: Nakagawa, Y.
name: Kakeya, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigated the terahertz radiation from a truncated edge square mesa structure made from a superconducting Bi_{2}Sr_{2}CaCu_{2}O_{8+δ} . Using a commercial software, the polarization characteristics were determined, and introduced, while accounting for the skin effect. The axial ratio was enhanced in the simulation by performing a parametric study on the design.
description: Proceedings of the 28th International Symposium on Superconductivity, ISS 2015, November 16-18, 2015, Tokyo, Japan
Performance Comparison of a-Si, μa-Si and c-Si as a Function of Air Mass and Turbidity
Creators: name: Krauter, S.
name: Preiss, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Thin Film Solar Cells
Amorphous and Microcrystalline Silicon Solar Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 3141-3144
description: Three different cell technologies have been compared in terms of Isc and energy yield: c-Si, tandem μa-Si, and
a-Si. Spectral and weak-light effects, degradation and regeneration have been investigated via on outdoor measurements in
Berlin over one year; additionally weak-light performance using a sun-simulator has been examined. For high AM values
performance of a-Si and μa-Si is reduced compared to c-Si, especially for clear sky conditions (up to 25%). This effect
cannot be attributed to weak light effects, while weak light performance of the thin film technologies examined shown a weak
light performance superior to that of c-Si used for reference. Over one year a slight increase of 2% for a-Si and μa-Si vs. c-Si
has been observed in Berlin, Germany. As temperature coefficients for power output are lower than for c-Si technologies,
yield increase might be even better under tropical conditions, also due to lower AMs and higher turbidity.
Formation of the S=1 paramagnetic centers in the bond-diluted spin-gap magnet
Creators: name: Glazkov, V. N.
name: Krasnikova, Yu. V.
name: Huvonen, D.
name: Zheludev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron spin resonance experiment reveals that non-magnetic bond doping of the spin-gap magnet (C$_4$H$_{12}$N$_2$)Cu$_2$Cl$_6$ (abbreviated PHCC) results in the formation of $S=1$ paramagnetic centers that dominate low-temperature ESR response. We have followed evolution of this signal with doping impurity content and have found that these centers concentration is quadratic over the impurity content. We also observe coexistence of the ESR responses from these local centers and from delocalized triplet excitations over certain temperature range.
description: submitted to JPCM