First Indication of Terrestrial Matter Effects on Solar Neutrino Oscillation
Creators: name: Renshaw, A.
name: Abe, K.
name: Hayato, Y.
name: Iyogi, K.
name: Kameda, J.
name: Kishimoto, Y.
name: Miura, M.
name: Moriyama, S.
name: Nakahata, M.
name: Nakano, Y.
name: Nakayama, S.
name: Sekiya, H.
name: Shiozawa, M.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Takeda, A.
name: Takenaga, Y.
name: Tomura, T.
name: Ueno, K.
name: Yokozawa, T.
name: Wendell, R. A.
name: Irvine, T.
name: Kajita, T.
name: Kaneyuki, K.
name: Lee, K. P.
name: Nishimura, Y.
name: Okumura, K.
name: McLachlan, T.
name: Labarga, L.
name: Berkman, S.
name: Tanaka, H. A.
name: Tobayama, S.
name: Kearns, E.
name: Raaf, J. L.
name: Stone, J. L.
name: Sulak, L. R.
name: Goldhabar, M.
name: Bays, K.
name: Carminati, G.
name: Kropp, W. R.
name: Mine, S.
name: Smy, M. B.
name: Sobel, H. W.
name: Ganezer, K. S.
name: Hill, J.
name: Keig, W. E.
name: Hong, N.
name: Kim, J. Y.
name: Lim, I. T.
name: Akiri, T.
name: Himmel, A.
name: Scholberg, K.
name: Walter, C. W.
name: Wongjirad, T.
name: Ishizuka, T.
name: Tasaka, S.
name: Jang, J. S.
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Matsuno, S.
name: Smith, S. N.
name: Hasegawa, T.
name: Ishida, T.
name: Ishii, T.
name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Nakadaira, T.
name: Nakamura, K.
name: Oyama, Y.
name: Sakashita, K.
name: Sekiguchi, T.
name: Tsukamoto, T.
name: Suzuki, A. T.
name: Takeuchi, Y.
name: Bronner, C.
name: Hirota, S.
name: Huang, K.
name: Ieki, K.
name: Ikeda, M.
name: Kikawa, T.
name: Minamino, A.
name: Nakaya, T.
name: Suzuki, K.
name: Takahashi, S.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Choi, K.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Mitsuka, G.
name: Mijakowski, P.
name: Hignight, J.
name: Imber, J.
name: Jung, C. K.
name: Yanagisawa, C.
name: Ishino, H.
name: Kibayashi, A.
name: Koshio, Y.
name: Mori, T.
name: Sakuda, M.
name: Yano, T.
name: Kuno, Y.
name: Tacik, R.
name: Kim, S. B.
name: Okazawa, H.
name: Choi, Y.
name: Nishijima, K.
name: Koshiba, M.
name: Totsuka, Y.
name: Yokoyama, M.
name: Martens, K.
name: Marti, Ll.
name: Vagins, M. R.
name: Martin, J. F.
name: de Perio, P.
name: Konaka, A.
name: Wilking, M. J.
name: Chen, S.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Wilkes, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an indication that the elastic scattering rate of solar $^8$B neutrinos with electrons in the Super-Kamiokande detector is larger when the neutrinos pass through the Earth during nighttime. We determine the day/night asymmetry, defined as the difference of the average day rate and average night rate divided by the average of those two rates, to be $(-3.2\pm1.1(\text{stat})\pm0.5(\text{syst}))\%$, which deviates from zero by 2.7 $σ$. Since the elastic scattering process is mostly sensitive to electron-flavored solar neutrinos, a non-zero day/night asymmetry implies that the flavor oscillations of solar neutrinos are affected by the presence of matter within the neutrinos' flight path. Super-Kamiokande's day/night asymmetry is consistent with neutrino oscillations for $4\times10^{-5}$eV$^2\leqΔm^2_{21}\leq7\times10^{-5}$eV$^2$ and large mixing values of $θ_{12}$, at the $68\%$ C.L.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures