cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Many-body localization in disorder-free systems: the importance of finite-size constraints
Creators: name: Papic, Z.
name: Stoudenmire, E. M.
name: Abanin, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it has been suggested that many-body localization (MBL) can occur in translation-invariant systems, and candidate 1D models have been proposed. We find that such models, in contrast to MBL systems with quenched disorder, typically exhibit much more severe finite-size effects due to the presence of two or more vastly different energy scales. In a finite system, this can easily create an artificial splitting of the density of states (DOS) into bands separated by large energy gaps. We argue that in order for such models to faithfully represent the physics of the thermodynamic limit, the ratio of the relevant coupling parameters must be larger than a certain cutoff that depends on system size, and should be chosen in such a way that various bands in the DOS of a given model overlap with one another. By setting the parameters in this way to minimize the finite-size effects, we then perform exact diagonalization studies of several translation-invariant MBL candidate models. Based on the variety of diagnostics, including entanglement properties and the behaviour of local observables, we find the systems exhibit thermal (ergodic), rather than MBL-like behaviour. Our results suggest that MBL in translation-invariant systems with two or more very different energy scales is less robust than perturbative arguments suggest, possibly pointing to the importance of non-perturbative effects which induce delocalization in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures
Locational and population factors in health care-seeking behavior in Savannah, Georgia.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: The use of regular sources of health care by a sample of residents of Chatham County, Georgia was examined through an analysis of the interactions among distance, sociodemographic, locational, and activity-space factors. Health care facilities were concentrated near downtown Savannah. Distance from home to regular source of care was a relatively more important factor for inner-city residents than for suburban or urban fringe residents. There were no clear differences by race, sex, age, occupation, or length of stay at present residence in the relative importance of distance. Strong associations were found between distance-to-care measures and measures of daily-activity spaces. Urban ecological structure appeared to play a more important role in health care-seeking behavior than did the personal characteristics of individuals in this small metropolitan area.
Why we know so little about prenatal care nationwide: an assessment of required methodology.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1988

description: Policymakers, advocates, providers, recipients, and health services researchers all would agree that too little is known about the nature and effects of specific components of prenatal care. In the process of designing a national, longitudinal study of pregnancy and childbirth, we surfaced some methodological dilemmas that help to explain why so little is known. This article explores two of the major problems: (1) selecting a valid scientific sample of pregnant women and (2) collecting data from providers and women. From this analysis, seven methodological questions, which should be investigated through empirical field studies, are identified. Those field studies are essential if future research into the content of prenatal care is to achieve an acceptable level of methodological rigor.
Output stream of leaky integrate and fire neuron
Creators: name: Vidybida, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Probability density function of output interspike intervals is found in exact form for leaky integrate and fire neuron stimulated with Poisson stream. The diffusion approximation is not exploited.
description: 11 pages, 1 Figure. Language is still Ukrainian. This is an extended version of the previous version. The proofs of statements are added as well as 1 Figure
Linear magneto-resistance versus weak antilocalization effects in Bi$_2$Te$_3$ films
Creators: name: Wang, Z. H.
name: Yang, L.
name: Zhao, X. T.
name: Zhang, Z. D.
name: Gao, Xuan P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In chalcogenide topological insulator materials, two types of magneto-resistance (MR) effects are widely discussed: a positive MR dip around zero magnetic field associated with the weak antilocalization (WAL) effect and a linear MR effect which generally persists to high fields and high temperatures. We have studied the MR of topological insulator Bi2Te3 films from the metallic to semiconducting transport regime. While in metallic samples, the WAL is difficult to identify due to the smallness of the WAL compared to the samples' conductivity, the sharp WAL dip in the MR is clearly present in the samples with higher resistivity. To correctly account for the low field MR by the quantitative theory of WAL according to the Hikami-Larkin-Nagaoka (HLN) model, we find that the classical (linear) MR effect should be separated from the WAL quantum correction. Otherwise the WAL fitting alone yields an unrealistically large coefficient $α$ in the HLN analysis.
Semi-Sequential Probabilistic Model For Indoor Localization Enhancement
Creators: name: Hoang, Minh Tu
name: Yuen, Brosnan
name: Dong, Xiaodai
name: Lu, Tao
name: Westendorp, Robert
name: Reddy, Kishore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a semi-sequential probabilistic model (SSP) that applies an additional short term memory to enhance the performance of the probabilistic indoor localization. The conventional probabilistic methods normally treat the locations in the database indiscriminately. In contrast, SSP leverages the information of the previous position to determine the probable location since the user's speed in an indoor environment is bounded and locations near the previous one have higher probability than the other locations. Although the SSP utilizes the previous location information, it does not require the exact moving speed and direction of the user. On-site experiments using the received signal strength indicator (RSSI) and channel state information (CSI) fingerprints for localization demonstrate that SSP reduces the maximum error and boosts the performance of existing probabilistic approaches by 25% - 30%.
Quintessence and phantom emerging from the split-complex field and the split-quaternion field
Creators: name: Gao, Changjun
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Shen, You-Gen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the mathematic theory of split-complex numbers (or hyperbolic numbers, also perplex numbers) and the split-quaternion numbers (or coquaternion numbers), we define the notion of split-complex scalar field and the split-quaternion scalar field. Then we explore the cosmic evolution of these scalar fields in the background of spatially flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker Universe. We find that both the quintessence field and the phantom field could naturally emerge in these scalar fields. Introducing the metric of field space, these theories fall into a subclass of the multi-field theories which have been extensively studied in inflationary cosmology.
description: 14 pages, 14 figures
Relative efficiency in rural primary health care: an application of data envelopment analysis.
Creators: name: McLaughlin, C
name: Huang, Y
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: This study applied data envelopment analysis (DEA) to the evaluation of rural primary health care programs, which are known to be very heterogeneous. DEA is a mathematical programming technique that optimizes the relative efficiency ratio of current inputs over current outputs for each decision-making unit (DMU). It produces a summary scalar efficiency ratio for each DMU and identifies the amount of inefficiency. The data came from the National Evaluation of Rural Primary Health Care Programs. Despite the demands of the software used for homogeneous units and nonzero values, the efficiency analysis was useful to the evaluation. It assessed multiple inputs and multiple outputs simultaneously, and identified directly those units that are performing efficiently or inefficiently when compared to specific peer programs. This then allowed us to compare this efficient-inefficient classification with other data, first, to verify the classification and, second, to assist with the evaluation. DEA can contribute to the evaluation of heterogeneous health programs, especially when used in conjunction with other methods of analysis.
MOESM1 of Treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia with multi-drug resistant organism by Buzhong Yiqi decoction based on Fuzheng Quxie classical prescription: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Deng, Dong
name: Zhenyi Chen
name: Liyang Jia
name: Jianhong Bu
name: Miaoqing Ye
name: Lihua Sun
name: Yun Gen
name: Zhang, Wen
name: Chen, Gang
name: Bangjiang Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist.
Message Type Identification of Binary Network Protocols using Continuous Segment Similarity
Creators: name: Kleber, Stephan
name: van der Heijden, Rens Wouter
name: Kargl, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Protocol reverse engineering based on traffic traces infers the behavior of unknown network protocols by analyzing observable network messages. To perform correct deduction of message semantics or behavior analysis, accurate message type identification is an essential first step. However, identifying message types is particularly difficult for binary protocols, whose structural features are hidden in their densely packed data representation. We leverage the intrinsic structural features of binary protocols and propose an accurate method for discriminating message types. Our approach uses a similarity measure with continuous value range by comparing feature vectors where vector elements correspond to the fields in a message, rather than discrete byte values. This enables a better recognition of structural patterns, which remain hidden when only exact value matches are considered. We combine Hirschberg alignment with DBSCAN as cluster algorithm to yield a novel inference mechanism. By applying novel autoconfiguration schemes, we do not require manually configured parameters for the analysis of an unknown protocol, as required by earlier approaches. Results of our evaluations show that our approach has considerable advantages in message type identification result quality and also execution performance over previous approaches.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Toward a model for improved targeting of aged at risk of institutionalization.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: A national sample of institutionalized and noninstitutionalized aged was created by merging the 1977 National Nursing Home Survey and its counterpart, the National Health Interview Survey for the same year. A weighted logistic regression analysis was conducted to identify factors that might be useful in calculating home- and community-based long-term care clients' risk of institutionalization. A model containing patient characteristics, nursing home bed supply, and a climate variable correctly classified 98.2 percent of cases residing in nursing homes or the community. Physical dependency, mental disorder and degenerative disease, lack of spouse, being white, poverty, old age, unoccupied nursing home beds, and climate all appear to be determinants of institutional residency among the aged.
Worpitzky partitions for root systems and characteristic quasi-polynomials
Creators: name: Yoshinaga, Masahiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a partition of (coweight) lattice points inside the dilated fundamental parallelepiped into those of partially closed simplices. This partition can be considered as a generalization and a lattice points interpretation of the classical formula of Worpitzky. This partition, and the generalized Eulerian polynomial, recently introduced by Lam and Postnikov, can be used to describe the characteristic (quasi)polynomials of Shi and Linial arrangements. As an application, we prove that the characteristic quasi-polynomial of the Shi arrangement turns out to be a polynomial. We also present several results on the location of zeros of characteristic polynomials, related to a conjecture of Postnikov and Stanley. In particular, we verify the "functional equation" of the characteristic polynomial of the Linial arrangement for any root system, and give partial affirmative results on "Riemann hypothesis" for the root systems of type $E_6, E_7, E_8$, and $F_4$.
Convex cones of generalized multiply monotone functions and the dual cones
Creators: name: Pinelis, Iosif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26A48, 26A51, 26A46, 26D05, 26D07, 26D10, 26D15, 34L30, 41A10, 46A55, 46N10, 49K30, 49M29, 52A07, 52A41, 60E15, 90C25, 90C46

description: Let $n$ and $k$ be nonnegative integers such that $1\le k\le n+1$. The convex cone $\mathcal{F}_+^{k:n}$ of all functions $f$ on an arbitrary interval $I\subseteq\mathbb{R}$ whose derivatives $f^{(j)}$ of orders $j=k-1,\dots,n$ are nondecreasing is characterized in terms of extreme rays of the cone $\mathcal{F}_+^{k:n}$. A simple description of the convex cone dual to $\mathcal{F}_+^{k:n}$ is given. These results are useful in, and were motivated by, applications in probability. In fact, the results are obtained in a more general setting with certain generalized derivatives of $f$ of the $j$th order in place of $f^{(j)}$. Somewhat similar results were previously obtained in the case when the left endpoint of the interval $I$ is finite, with certain additional integrability conditions; such conditions fail to hold in the mentioned applications.
description: Version 2: More applications given; two typos fixed
Hospital discharge decisions, health outcomes, and the use of unobserved information on case-mix severity.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: Although implementation of the Medicare prospective payment system has been accompanied by significant decreases in hospital length of stay, the early discharge of some patients may lead to worse health outcomes, particularly if sufficient aftercare services following hospitalization are not available. This article develops an empirical model of the relationship between the choice of length of stay and patient outcome. The model incorporates information on the severity of a patient's medical condition known by the physician who chooses length of stay for a patient but generally not known by a researcher interested in the factors that affect length of stay and health outcome. Joint estimation of equations for length of stay and health outcome controls for unmeasured aspects of case severity that affect both variables. The ratio of nursing home beds to Medicare enrollees in the county is included as an exogenous variable in both equations to assess whether variation in nursing home bed availability is correlated with length of stay or health outcome. The model is estimated using billing data for Medicare patients admitted with congestive heart failure to New Jersey hospitals during 1982 and 1983. Two measures of outcome are used: (1) a discrete measure of survival time following admission, and (2) a categorical measure of whether or not the patient was discharged dead or died within six months after discharge. Empirical results show no evidence that longer lengths of stay for congestive heart failure patients lead to lower postadmission mortality. However, greater availability of nursing home beds may reduce length of stay and may shift the provision of terminal care away from a hospital setting. Therefore, policies to expand the nursing home bed supply may enable further decreases in hospital length of stay without deleterious effect on patient outcome.
Massive vector bosons: is the geometrical interpretation as a spontaneously broken gauge theory possible at all scales?
Creators: name: Duetsch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The usual derivation of the Lagrangian of a model for massive vector bosons, by spontaneous symmetry breaking of a gauge theory, implies that the prefactors of the various interaction terms are uniquely determined functions of the coupling constant(s) and the masses. Since, under the renormalization group (RG) flow, different interaction terms get different loop-corrections, it is uncertain, whether these functions remain fixed under this flow. We investigate this question for the $U(1)$-Higgs-model to 1-loop order in the framework of Epstein-Glaser renormalization. Our main result reads: choosing the renormalization mass scale(s) in a way corresponding to the minimal subtraction scheme, the geometrical interpretation as a spontaneously broken gauge theory gets lost under the RG-flow. This holds also for the clearly stronger property of BRST-invariance of the Lagrangian. On the other hand we prove that physical consistency, which is a weak form of BRST-invariance of the time-ordered products, is maintained under the RG-flow.
description: 54 pages, some typos corrected
Introducing the Spatial Conflict Dynamics indicator of political violence
Creators: name: Walther, Olivier J.
name: Radil, Steven M.
name: Russell, David
name: Trémolières, Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern armed conflicts have a tendency to cluster together and spread geographically. However, the geography of most conflicts remains under-studied. To fill this gap, this article presents a new indicator that measures two key geographical properties of subnational political violence: the conflict intensity within a region on the one hand, and the spatial distribution of conflict within a region on the other. We demonstrate the indicator in North and West Africa between 1997 to 2019 to show that it can clarify how conflicts can spread from place to place and how the geography of conflict changes over time.
Multifractal scaling analyses of urban street network structure: the cases of twelve megacities in China
Creators: name: Long, Yuqing
name: Chen, Yanguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Traffic networks have been proved to be fractal systems. However, previous studies mainly focused on monofractal networks, while complex systems are of multifractal structure. This paper is devoted to exploring the general regularities of multifractal scaling processes in the street network of 12 Chinese cities. The city clustering algorithm is employed to identify urban boundaries for defining comparable study areas; box-counting method and the direct determination method are utilized to extract spatial data; the least squares calculation is employed to estimate the global and local multifractal parameters. The results showed multifractal structure of urban street networks. The global multifractal dimension spectrums are inverse S-shaped curves, while the local singularity spectrums are asymmetric unimodal curves. If the moment order q approaches negative infinity, the generalized correlation dimension will seriously exceed the embedding space dimension 2, and the local fractal dimension curve displays an abnormal decrease for most cities. The scaling relation of local fractal dimension gradually breaks if the q value is too high, but the different levels of the network always keep the scaling reflecting singularity exponent. The main conclusions are as follows. First, urban street networks follow multifractal scaling law, and scaling precedes local fractal structure. Second, the patterns of traffic networks take on characteristics of spatial concentration, but they also show the implied trend of spatial deconcentration. Third, the development space of central area and network intensive areas is limited, while the fringe zone and network sparse areas show the phenomenon of disordered evolution. This work may be revealing for understanding and further research on complex spatial networks by using multifractal theory.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables
Depth and regularity of powers of sums of ideals
Creators: name: Ha, Huy Tai
name: Trung, Ngo Viet
name: Trung, Tran Nam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13C05

description: Given arbitrary homogeneous ideals $I$ and $J$ in polynomial rings $A$ and $B$ over a field $k$, we investigate the depth and the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of powers of the sum $I+J$ in $A \otimes_k B$ in terms of those of $I$ and $J$. Our results can be used to study the behavior of the depth and regularity functions of powers of an ideal. For instance, we show that such a depth function can take as its values any infinite non-increasing sequence of non-negative integers.
description: 19 pages; to appear in Math. Z
Prepaid versus traditional Medicaid plans: lack of effect on pregnancy outcomes and prenatal care.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: Enrollment of Medicaid recipients into capitated, case-managed systems has been advocated as a method of controlling cost. We studied prenatal care and birth outcomes for women and children enrolled in Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC) in two capitated programs in Santa Barbara, California and Jackson County, Missouri (Prepaid), compared with similar but fee-for-service comparison medical communities in Ventura County, California and St. Louis, Missouri (FFS). At the sites of care, 2,336 inpatient and 823 prenatal care records were abstracted. Women at all sites received fewer than the recommended number of prenatal visits. At no site did more than 40 percent of women receive prenatal care in the first trimester of pregnancy. Mean birth weight and proportion of children of low birth weight (less than 2,500 grams) were similar between the demonstration and comparison counties. Complications of pregnancy and cesarean section rates were also similar between demonstration and comparison counties. This study did not demonstrate a decreased quality of care provided to enrollees in capitated, case-managed Medicaid programs compared with fee-for-service. Basic prenatal care was provided only to some members of this population, regardless of the type of physician payment.
Topological categories, quantaloids and Isbell adjunctions
Creators: name: Shen, Lili
name: Tholen, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D20, 54A99, 06F99

description: In fairly elementary terms this paper presents, and expands upon, a recent result by Garner by which the notion of topologicity of a concrete functor is subsumed under the concept of total cocompleteness of enriched category theory. Motivated by some key results of the 1970s, the paper develops all needed ingredients from the theory of quantaloids in order to place essential results of categorical topology into the context of quantaloid-enriched category theory, a field that previously drew its motivation and applications from other domains, such as quantum logic and sheaf theory.
description: 23 pages, final version. License updated
The effectiveness of consumer choice in the Medicare supplemental health insurance market.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1991

description: This article examines the factors that affect Medicare beneficiaries' choices in the supplemental health insurance market. Data include detailed survey information as well as copies of the health insurance policies owned by a sample of approximately 2,500 Medicare beneficiaries in six states during 1982. Logit analysis is employed to analyze the determinants of four dependent variables: whether a person owns (1) one or more private supplemental insurance policies, (2) two or more policies, (3) at least one policy that we define as "effective," and (4) a policy we define to be "less effective." Those who are better off from a socioeconomic standpoint appear to be making more effective choices in the supplemental health insurance market. However, there does not appear to be a relationship between consumer ignorance or vulnerability and the purchase of multiple supplemental insurance policies. Study results imply an important role for public policy in helping to provide the information necessary to ensure that the most vulnerable beneficiaries make insurance choices that are in their best interest.
Interorganizational exchanges as performance markers in a community cancer network.
Creators: name: McKinney, M
name: Morrissey, J
name: Kaluzny, A
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1993

description: OBJECTIVE: This study examines how "strategic partnerships" between community-based consortia of oncologists and hospitals (CCOPs) and clinical cooperative groups emerge, develop, and influence patient accruals (i.e., the number of patients enrolled in clinical trials) over time.

DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: Study analyses are based on 65 pairwise relationships that 38 CCOPs established with eight clinical cooperative groups in September 1983 and maintained through February 1989. Data are drawn from grantee applications and progress reports.

STUDY DESIGN: The study examines how different types of CCOP-cooperative group exchange relate to one another and to CCOP patient accruals over six time points. Key independent variables include resource dependence, information exchange (i.e., meeting attendance and committee membership), and protocol exchange (i.e., the number of different protocols used).

DATA COLLECTION METHODS: Data extracted from secondary sources were entered in a data base.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The number of CCOP physicians and support staff who attend cooperative group meetings during the first two years of a clinical research partnership has a significant influence on meeting attendance and protocol use in later years. Two-thirds or more of the variance in patient accruals at each time point can be explained by the number of different protocols used and the number of CCOP representatives serving on cooperative group committees (or attending cooperative group meetings).

CONCLUSIONS: The findings highlight the importance of historical relationships and anticipated resource dependence in shaping initial exchange patterns. They also suggest that strategic partnerships need to emphasize structures and processes that encourage early involvement in collaborative activities and that reward participants for maintaining high levels of interaction.
Airborne Ultrasonic Tactile Display BCI
Creators: name: Hamada, Katsuhiko
name: Mori, Hiromu
name: Shinoda, Hiroyuki
name: Rutkowski, Tomasz M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2, H.1.2

description: This chapter presents results of our project, which studied whether contactless and airborne ultrasonic tactile display (AUTD) stimuli delivered to a user's palms could serve as a platform for a brain computer interface (BCI) paradigm. We used six palm positions to evoke combined somatosensory brain responses to implement a novel contactless tactile BCI. This achievement was awarded the top prize in the Annual BCI Research Award 2014 competition. This chapter also presents a comparison with a classical attached vibrotactile transducer-based BCI paradigm. Experiment results from subjects performing online experiments validate the novel BCI paradigm.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1404.4184
Quantum Superpositions Cannot be Epistemic
Creators: name: Allen, John-Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum superposition states are behind many of the curious phenomena exhibited by quantum systems, including Bell non-locality, quantum interference, quantum computational speed-up, and the measurement problem. At the same time, many qualitative properties of quantum superpositions can also be observed in classical probability distributions leading to a suspicion that superpositions may be explicable as probability distributions over less problematic states, that is, a suspicion that superpositions are \emph{epistemic}. Here, it is proved that, for any quantum system of dimension $d>3$, this cannot be the case for almost all superpositions. Equivalently, any underlying ontology must contain ontic superposition states. A related question concerns the more general possibility that some pairs of non-orthogonal quantum states $|ψ\rangle,|ϕ\rangle$ could be ontologically indistinct (there are ontological states which fail to distinguish between these quantum states). A similar method proves that if $|\langleϕ|ψ\rangle|^{2}\in(0,\frac{1}{4})$ then $|ψ\rangle,|ϕ\rangle$ must approach ontological distinctness as $d\rightarrow\infty$. The robustness of these results to small experimental error is also discussed.
description: Updated to published version with slgihtly extended discussion and corrected mistakes. 6 + 7 pages, Quantum Studies: Mathematics and Foundations. Online First. (2015)
An analysis of the costs and benefits of two strategies to decrease length of stay in children's psychiatric hospitals.
Creators: name: Margolis, L
name: Petti, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: OBJECTIVE: We analyze the costs and benefits of two strategies-intensive home-based services and increased remuneration for providers of community-based placements--to decrease excessive length of stay in a children's psychiatric hospital.

DATA SOURCES AND STUDY SETTING: Clinical, demographic, and financial data were collected retrospectively on all children discharged during 1987 through 1989 from the state children's psychiatric hospital that serves Wayne County, Michigan. Characteristics of the discharged children were similar to those reported in other studies of intensive home-based services.

STUDY DESIGN: A sample of 22 children was used for a simulation analysis. Excessive length of stay was defined as the duration of hospitalization after readiness for discharge and associated planning were indicated in the record. For the simulated analysis of the intensive home-based program, costs included estimated charges for the program and charges for the children hospitalized due to failure of the intervention. For analysis of the increased remuneration strategy, costs included charges for the out-of-home placement and charges for hospitalization. For both strategies benefits were defined as averted hospitalization charges.

DATA COLLECTION/EXTRACTION METHODS: Charts of the discharged children were reviewed and 21 clinical, demographic, and financial variables were extracted.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Analysis of costs and benefits of intensive home-based services produced a favorable cost-benefit ratio of .47. Analysis of the strategy to increase remuneration for providers of community-based placements resulted in a cost-benefit ratio of 1, indicating no financial savings.

CONCLUSIONS: Intensive home-based services represent an efficient strategy to decrease excessive length of stay for children in psychiatric hospitals by averting hospitalization altogether. Although increased remuneration to providers of community-based placements in order to increase the supply of placements as a means to hasten discharge from the hospital has a neutral cost-benefit ratio, the opportunity to provide care in the "least restrictive" environment argues in its favor as well.
Auroral diagnosis of solar wind interaction with Jupiter's magnetosphere
Creators: name: Yao, Z. H.
name: Bonfond, B.
name: Grodent, D.
name: Chané, E.
name: Dunn, W. R.
name: Kurth, W. S.
name: Connerney, J. E. P.
name: Nichols, J. D.
name: Palmaerts, B.
name: Guo, R. L.
name: Hospodarsky, G. B.
name: Mauk, B. H.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Bolton, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although mass and energy in Jupiter's magnetosphere mostly come from the innermost Galilean moon Io's volcanic activities, solar wind perturbations can play crucial roles in releasing the magnetospheric energy and powering aurorae in Jupiter's polar regions. The systematic response of aurora to solar wind compression remains poorly understood. Here we report the analysis of a set of auroral images with contemporaneous in situ magnetopause detections. We distinguish two types of auroral enhancements: a transient localized one and a long-lasting global one. We show that only the latter systematically appears under a compressed magnetopause, while the localized auroral expansion could occur during an expanded magnetopause. Moreover, we directly examine previous theories on how solar wind compressions enhance auroral emissions. Our results demonstrate that auroral morphologies can be diagnostic of solar wind conditions at planets when in situ measurements are not possible.
The effect of Channeling on in-home utilization and subsequent nursing home care: a simultaneous equation perspective.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: OBJECTIVE: This study explored the relationship between participation in a home/community-based long-term care case management intervention (known as the Channeling demonstration), use of formal in-home care, and subsequent nursing home utilization.

STUDY DESIGN: Structural analysis of the randomized Channeling intervention was conducted to decompose the total effects of Channeling on nursing home use into direct and indirect effects.

DATA COLLECTION METHOD: Secondary data analysis of the National Long-Term Care Data Set.

PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: The use of formal in-home care, which was increased by the Channeling intervention, was positively associated with nursing home utilization at 12 months. However, the negative direct effect of Channeling on nursing home use was of sufficient magnitude to offset this positive indirect effect, so that a small but significant negative total effect of Channeling on subsequent nursing home utilization was found.

CONCLUSIONS: This study shows why Channeling did not have a large total impact on nursing home utilization. The analysis did not provide evidence of direct substitution of in-home care for nursing home care because the direct reductions in nursing home utilization due to other aspects of Channeling (including, but not limited to case management) were substantially offset by the indirect increases in nursing home utilization associated with additional home care use.
Practice setting and physician influences on judgments of colon cancer treatment by community physicians.
Creators: name: McFall, S
name: Warnecke, R
name: Kaluzny, A
name: Ford, L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: OBJECTIVE: This article compares judgments about the treatment of Dukes' B2 and C colon cancer made by general surgeons to those of internists and family practitioners. Physician and practice variables were specialty, affiliation with a Community Clinical Oncology Program (CCOP) hospital, time in practice, professional centrality (level of participation in cancer information networks), solo practice, and number of colon cancer patients.

DATA COLLECTION METHODS: Data are combined from national probability samples of CCOP- and non-CCOP-affiliated physicians. This study focused on 1,138 internists, family physicians, and general surgeons who participated in decision making for patients diagnosed with Dukes' B2 or C stage colon cancer. Judgments were elicited using brief vignettes.

METHODS OF ANALYSIS: Judgments of adjuvant therapy are classified as (a) consistent with the National Institutes of Health Consensus Conference recommendations (experimental for Dukes' B2, accepted for Dukes' C); (b) accepted treatment for both stages; or (c) experimental for both stages. Multinomial logit analyses were used to examine the association of practice setting and physician characteristics to judgments of treatment.

RESULTS: Surgeons and CCOP-affiliated physicians were more likely to endorse the NIH consensus conference position. Surgeons, younger physicians, and those in group practice were more likely to approve of chemotherapy for both cancer stages. The most common position (chemotherapy experimental) was more likely from nonsurgeons, solo practitioners, and non-CCOP physicians.

CONCLUSION: Physician and practice setting characteristics, including organized structures such as the CCOP, are possible mediating structures that can facilitate dissemination of standards of treatment.
Entangling Atomic Spins with a Strong Rydberg-Dressed Interaction
Creators: name: Jau, Y. -Y.
name: Hankin, A. M.
name: Keating, Tyler
name: Deutsch, I. H.
name: Biedermann, G. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlling quantum entanglement between parts of a many-body system is the key to unlocking the power of quantum information processing for applications such as quantum computation, high-precision sensing, and simulation of many-body physics. Spin degrees of freedom of ultracold neutral atoms in their ground electronic state provide a natural platform given their long coherence times and our ability to control them with magneto-optical fields, but creating strong coherent coupling between spins has been challenging. We demonstrate a Rydberg-dressed ground-state blockade that provides a strong tunable interaction energy ($\sim$1 MHz in units of Planck's constant) between spins of individually trapped cesium atoms. With this interaction we directly produce Bell-state entanglement between two atoms with a fidelity $\geq$ 81(2)%, excluding atom loss events, and $\geq$ 60(3)% when loss is included.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Risk indicators for hospitalization during the last year of life.
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1996

description: OBJECTIVE. High levels of hospital expenditures for older people during their last year of life are widely documented. However, evidence of the association between prospectively measured indicators and subsequent hospitalization is sparse. This article investigates the pattern of hospitalization for a sample of Medicare enrollees during their last year of life. DATA SOURCES. Data from the Longitudinal Study of Aging, a national study of persons age 70 and older, are used. Only data on decedents are used. STUDY DESIGN. We determine individual characteristics (including functional status, evidence of disease, living arrangement, and prior hospitalization) shortly before the last year of life. A distinction is made between terminal and nonterminal admissions. National estimates and regression analyses using survey weights are conducted. PRINCIPAL FINDINGS. The likelihood of any use is high regardless of age, functional status, or the presence of major diseases. Although only a few indicators are associated with having a terminal stay, a number of indicators are associated with nonterminal use. Nonterminal stays and total nights hospitalized are positively associated with prior evidence of disease, prior hospitalization, and age, although the probability of nonterminal use decreases with age for persons over 82 years old. The relationship between use and functional status depends on whether persons lived alone, were institutionalized, or had private health insurance. CONCLUSIONS. This study demonstrates that while it is difficult to predict who will be admitted to the hospital at the time of death, a number of characteristics existing before the last year of life are associated with nonterminal hospitalization and total nights hospitalized during the last year of life.
MOESM3 of Treatment of hospital-acquired pneumonia with multi-drug resistant organism by Buzhong Yiqi decoction based on Fuzheng Quxie classical prescription: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Deng, Dong
name: Zhenyi Chen
name: Liyang Jia
name: Jianhong Bu
name: Miaoqing Ye
name: Lihua Sun
name: Yun Gen
name: Zhang, Wen
name: Chen, Gang
name: Bangjiang Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. CPIS scoring.
Evolving (Im)Mobility Regimes: Migrant Workers' Entitlement and Precarization in Times of Crisis
Creators: name: Crettaz, Eric
name: Kurt, Stefanie
name: Maiani, Francesco
name: Mey, Eva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Migration
Research

description: Evolving (Im)Mobility Regimes: Migrant Workers’ Entitlement and Precarization in Times of Crisis is a project of the National Center of Competence "nccr – on the move "
Discovery and Follow-up of ASASSN-19dj: An X-ray and UV Luminous TDE in an Extreme Post-Starburst Galaxy
Creators: name: Hinkle, Jason T.
name: Holoien, T. W. -S.
name: Auchettl, K.
name: Shappee, B. J.
name: Neustadt, J. M. M.
name: Payne, A. V.
name: Brown, J. S.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Tucker, M. A.
name: Do, A.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Bose, S.
name: Chen, P.
name: Coulter, D. A.
name: Dimitriadis, G.
name: Dong, Subo
name: Foley, R. J.
name: Huber, M. E.
name: Hung, T.
name: Kilpatrick, C. D.
name: Pignata, G.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Rojas-Bravo, C.
name: Siebert, M. R.
name: Stalder, B.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Tonry, J. L.
name: Vallely, P. J.
name: Wisniewski, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of ASASSN-19dj, a nearby tidal disruption event (TDE) discovered in the post-starburst galaxy KUG 0810+227 by the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae (ASAS-SN) at a distance of d $\simeq98$ Mpc. We observed ASASSN-19dj from $-$21 to 392 d relative to peak ultraviolet (UV)/optical emission using high-cadence, multiwavelength spectroscopy and photometry. From the ASAS-SN $g$-band data, we determine that the TDE began to brighten on 2019 February 6.8 and for the first 16 d the rise was consistent with a flux $\propto t^2$ power-law. ASASSN-19dj peaked in the UV/optical on 2019 March 6.5 (MJD = 58548.5) at a bolometric luminosity of $L = (6.2 \pm 0.2) \times 10^{44} \text{ erg s}^{-1}$. Initially remaining roughly constant in X-rays and slowly fading in the UV/optical, the X-ray flux increased by over an order of magnitude $\sim$225 d after peak, resulting from the expansion of the X-ray emitting region. The late-time X-ray emission is well fitted by a blackbody with an effective radius of $\sim1 \times 10^{12} \text{ cm}$ and a temperature of $\sim6 \times 10^{5} \text{ K}$. The X-ray hardness ratio becomes softer after brightening and then returns to a harder state as the X-rays fade. Analysis of Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey images reveals a nuclear outburst roughly 14.5 yr earlier with a smooth decline and a luminosity of $L_V\geq1.4 \times 10^{43}$ erg s$^{-1}$, although the nature of the flare is unknown. ASASSN-19dj occurred in the most extreme post-starburst galaxy yet to host a TDE, with Lick H$δ_{A}$ = $7.67\pm0.17$ Å.
description: Updated to match accepted MNRAS version
Signless Normalized Laplacian for Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Andreotti, Eleonora
name: Mulas, Raffaella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The spectral theory of the normalized Laplacian for chemical hypergraphs is further investigated. The signless normalized Laplacian is introduced and it is shown that its spectrum for classical hypergraphs coincides with the spectrum of the normalized Laplacian for bipartite chemical hypergraphs. Furthermore, the spectra of special families of hypergraphs are established.