cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Concept paper on the future of data in EFSA
Creators: name: Gilsenan, Mary
name: Verloo, Didier
name: Richardson, Jane
name: Cappe, Stefano
name: Scotto, Angelo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: open scientific data
strategy
interoperability

description: Concept paper on the future of scientific data in EFSA: summary of thematic areas emerging from two internal brainstorm workshops

Data are at the heart of EFSA’s 2020 Strategy. Within the framework of strategic objective 2, “Widen EFSA’s evidence base and maximise access to its data”, several cross unit activities are ongoing to deliver three underpinning operational objectives[1]: i) adopt an open data approach, ii) improve data interoperability to facilitate data exchange, and iii) migrate towards structured scientific data.

EFSA has already started to make much of its data and evidence publicly accessible via its scientific data warehouse, knowledge junction, the EFSA journal on the Wiley platform, as well as European open data portals. EFSA’s published outputs are now available as JATS[1] XML, the international standard for journal articles. Within the context of the MATRIX project, EFSA is in the process of piloting migration from PDF dossier applications in the regulated product area towards electronic dossier submission and automatic publication of non-confidential information using structured formats based, insofar as possible, on existing international standards to enable data access and re-use.

This paper looks beyond the current EFSA strategy and its implementation plan. It reflects on the acquisition, management and use of data in EFSA by 2027 and beyond, considering developments in information technology and digitalisation in the environment in which the agency operates. This includes recent developments like machine learning and collective intelligence available globally via the internet that are capable of searching, elaborating and digesting enormous quantities of data.

In particular, this paper elaborates on several initiatives that were considered of significant potential following two brainstorm workshops on this topic in May-June 2017 with staff from EFSA’s AMU (Assessment and Methodological Support), DATA (Evidence Management) and DTS (Digital Transformation Services) units. An overview of shortlisted initiatives clustered in four thematic areas is presented together with examples of scientific needs that they could help to address, as well as examples of key enablers to do so.

It is envisaged that the content of this paper will contribute to future strategic planning concerning data at EFSA and in particular EFSA’s next (2027) strategy. While primarily intended for internal use, the document is shared with interested external stakeholders for information.
description: EU; pdf; data.collection@efsa.europa.eu
Strain-Enhanced Mobility of Monolayer MoS2
Creators: name: Datye, Isha M.
name: Daus, Alwin
name: Grady, Ryan W.
name: Brenner, Kevin
name: Vaziri, Sam
name: Pop, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain engineering is an important method for tuning the properties of semiconductors and has been used to improve the mobility of silicon transistors for several decades. Recently, theoretical studies have predicted that strain can also improve the mobility of two-dimensional (2D) semiconductors, e.g. by reducing intervalley scattering or lowering effective masses. Here, we experimentally show strain-enhanced electron mobility in monolayer MoS2 transistors with uniaxial tensile strain, on flexible substrates. The on-state current and mobility are nearly doubled with tensile strain up to 0.7%, and devices return to their initial state after release of strain. We also show a gate-voltage-dependent gauge factor up to 200 for monolayer MoS2, which is higher than previous values reported for sub-1 nm thin piezoresistive films. These results demonstrate the importance of strain engineering 2D semiconductors for performance enhancements in integrated circuits, or for applications such as flexible strain sensors.
Ancilla-assisted sequential approximation of nonlocal unitary operations
Creators: name: Saberi, Hamed
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We consider the recently proposed "no-go" theorem of Lamata et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 101, 180506 (2008)] on the impossibility of sequential implementation of global unitary operations with the aid of an itinerant ancillary system and view the claim within the language of Kraus representation. By virtue of an extremely useful tool for analyzing entanglement properties of quantum operations, namely, operator-Schmidt decomposition, we provide alternative proof to the no-go theorem and also study the role of initial correlations between the qubits and ancilla in sequential preparation of unitary entanglers. Despite the negative response from the no-go theorem, we demonstrate explicitly how the matrix-product operator(MPO) formalism provides a flexible structure to develop protocols for sequential implementation of such entanglers with an optimal fidelity. The proposed numerical technique, that we call variational matrix-product operator (VMPO), offers a computationally efficient tool for characterizing the "globalness" and entangling capabilities of nonlocal unitary operations.
Structural and electronic origin of the magnetic structures in hexagonal LuFeO$_3$
Creators: name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Solovyev, Igor V.
name: Wang, Wenbin
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Ryan, Phillip
name: Keavney, David J.
name: Kim, Jong-Woo
name: Ward, Thomas Z.
name: Zhu, Leyi
name: Cheng, X. M.
name: Shen, Jian
name: He, Lixin
name: Xu, Xiaoshan
name: Wu, Xifan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using combined theoretical and experimental approaches, we studied the structural and electronic origin of the magnetic structure in hexagonal LuFeO$_3$. Besides showing the strong exchange coupling that is consistent with the high magnetic ordering temperature, the previously observed spin reorientation transition is explained by the theoretically calculated magnetic phase diagram. The structural origin of this spin reorientation that is responsible for the appearance of spontaneous magnetization, is identified by theory and verified by x-ray diffraction and absorption experiments.
description: 5 pages, 2 tables and 4 figures, Please contact us for the supplementary material. Accepted in Phys. Rev. B, in production
Visual Attention-based Self-supervised Absolute Depth Estimation using Geometric Priors in Autonomous Driving
Creators: name: Xiang, Jie
name: Wang, Yun
name: An, Lifeng
name: Liu, Haiyang
name: Wang, Zijun
name: Liu, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although existing monocular depth estimation methods have made great progress, predicting an accurate absolute depth map from a single image is still challenging due to the limited modeling capacity of networks and the scale ambiguity issue. In this paper, we introduce a fully Visual Attention-based Depth (VADepth) network, where spatial attention and channel attention are applied to all stages. By continuously extracting the dependencies of features along the spatial and channel dimensions over a long distance, VADepth network can effectively preserve important details and suppress interfering features to better perceive the scene structure for more accurate depth estimates. In addition, we utilize geometric priors to form scale constraints for scale-aware model training. Specifically, we construct a novel scale-aware loss using the distance between the camera and a plane fitted by the ground points corresponding to the pixels of the rectangular area in the bottom middle of the image. Experimental results on the KITTI dataset show that this architecture achieves the state-of-the-art performance and our method can directly output absolute depth without post-processing. Moreover, our experiments on the SeasonDepth dataset also demonstrate the robustness of our model to multiple unseen environments.
description: Published on IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)
Durable Goods and Energy in RBC. An Endogenous Multisectoral Model
Creators: name: Bergmann, Philip
Publisher: name: Bielefeld University, Department of Business Administration and Economics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 330

description: We have constructed a RBC model where energy is endogenously minded. It is generated within the model from fossil intermediate and renewable energy resources and consumed by final good production and households. Furthermore, households can invest in a durable good to avoid exaggerated disruptive investment dynamics. By estimating the model using Bayesian techniques and with data from the German economy, we find a complementary relationship between durable goods and energy consumption in the household sector as well as between physical capital and energy consumption in the final good sector. Furthermore, a TFP shock in the (final and intermediate) energy sectors has a larger effect on durable good purchases than on capital investments in the final good production. Nevertheless, even with endogenous price determination of energy, TFP in final good production is still the major contributor to business cycle formation in a classical framework. In an extension, we show that despite of allowing the replenish the constrained fossil stock, the dynamic responds of the variables do not deviate from the baseline model.
OPTIMAL ACOUSTIC DESIGN STRATEGIES FOR A CULTURAL CENTER IN YENAGOA, BAYELSA STATE
Creators: name: Elena, Rodriguez
name: Dr. Marco, Rossi
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Acoustics, Culture, Cultural Centre, Sound

description: In many states where diverse ethnic groups exist, like Bayelsa State for example, Cultural centres serve as focal points for people of the different ethnic groups, both within and outside the state, to promote cross-cultural understanding and social interactions. Bayelsa State lies in the heart of the Niger Delta in the Southern part of Nigeria and it is a home of a variety of cultures that reflect the history, beliefs, values and traditions of the different ethnic groups in the State. The existence of Cultural centres is essential in order to safeguard the customs and traditions of the people. The influence of acoustics in moulding the tourist experience is an aspect that is often overlooked or neglected in the design of these cultural centres. This research addresses the significance of acoustics in various spaces within the cultural centre, from performance halls and exhibition areas to communal gathering spaces. It explores the effective application of acoustic principles within the facility to create an immersive and engaging environment for the people and discusses how the design of the spaces in the facility, materials used for the construction, soundproofing techniques and acoustic treatments can enhance the quality of auditory experiences. Through qualitative and quantitative research methods, such as case studies and survey, the study explores several acoustics inclined construction materials and how it is integrated in the design of. Cultural Centre. Since technology has been constantly evolving and improving with time, new techniques of utilising it as a tool for improving architectural acoustics have begun to emerge. The effective application of acoustics in cultural centres serves to create a sound ambience where cultural expressions are celebrated, and the rich tapestry of traditions is woven into the fabric of the experience of all who visit.
Possible high temperature superconducting transitions in disordered graphite obtained from room temperature deintercalated KC$_8$
Creators: name: Layek, Samar
name: Monteverde, Miguel
name: Garbarino, Gastón
name: Méasson, Marie-Aude
name: Sulpice, André
name: Bendiab, Nedjma
name: Rodière, Pierre
name: Cazali, Romain
name: Hadj-Azzem, Abdellali
name: Nassif, Vivian
name: Bourgault, Daniel
name: Gay, Frédéric
name: Dufeu, Didier
name: Pairis, Sébastien
name: Hodeau, Jean-Louis
name: Núñez-Regueiro, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although progress with twisted graphene nano-devices is boosting the superconductivity that is the consequence of their Moiré flat electronic bands, the immense choice for future development is an obstacle for their optimisation. We report here that soft-chemistry deintercalation of KC$_8$ breaks down graphite stacking generating a strong disorder that includes stacking twists and variable local doping. We obtain a bulk graphite whose individual crystallites have different stackings with arbitrary twists and doping, scanning in the same sample a huge number of stacking configurations. We perform magnetisation measurements on batches with different synthesis conditions. The disorder weakens the huge diamagnetism of graphite, revealing several phase transitions. A "ferromagnetic-like" magnetisation appears with Curie temperatures T$_0$$\sim$450K, that has to be subtracted from the measured magnetisation. Depending on sample synthesis, anomalies towards diamagnetic states appear at T$_c$$\sim$110K (3 samples), $\sim$240K (4 samples), $\sim$320K (2 samples). Electrical resistivity measurements yield anomalies for the T$_c\sim$240K transition, with one sample showing a 90% drop. We discuss the possibility that these (diamagnetic and resistitive) anomalies could be due to superconductivity.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Anatomy of Scientific Evolution
Creators: name: Yun, Jinhyuk
name: Kim, Pan-Jun
name: Jeong, Hawoong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The quest for historically impactful science and technology provides invaluable insight into the innovation dynamics of human society, yet many studies are limited to qualitative and small-scale approaches. Here, we investigate scientific evolution through systematic analysis of a massive corpus of digitized English texts between 1800 and 2008. Our analysis reveals great predictability for long-prevailing scientific concepts based on the levels of their prior usage. Interestingly, once a threshold of early adoption rates is passed even slightly, scientific concepts can exhibit sudden leaps in their eventual lifetimes. We developed a mechanistic model to account for such results, indicating that slowly-but-commonly adopted science and technology surprisingly tend to have higher innate strength than fast-and-commonly adopted ones. The model prediction for disciplines other than science was also well verified. Our approach sheds light on unbiased and quantitative analysis of scientific evolution in society, and may provide a useful basis for policy-making.
description: Supplementary material attached
Privacy Games: Optimal User-Centric Data Obfuscation
Creators: name: Shokri, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we design user-centric obfuscation mechanisms that impose the minimum utility loss for guaranteeing user's privacy. We optimize utility subject to a joint guarantee of differential privacy (indistinguishability) and distortion privacy (inference error). This double shield of protection limits the information leakage through obfuscation mechanism as well as the posterior inference. We show that the privacy achieved through joint differential-distortion mechanisms against optimal attacks is as large as the maximum privacy that can be achieved by either of these mechanisms separately. Their utility cost is also not larger than what either of the differential or distortion mechanisms imposes. We model the optimization problem as a leader-follower game between the designer of obfuscation mechanism and the potential adversary, and design adaptive mechanisms that anticipate and protect against optimal inference algorithms. Thus, the obfuscation mechanism is optimal against any inference algorithm.
Phase Coherence and Andreev Reflection in Topological Insulator Devices
Creators: name: Finck, A. D. K.
name: Kurter, C.
name: Hor, Y. S.
name: Van Harlingen, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological insulators (TIs) have attracted immense interest because they host helical surface states. Protected by time-reversal symmetry, they are robust to non-magnetic disorder. When superconductivity is induced in these helical states, they are predicted to emulate p-wave pairing symmetry, with Majorana states bound to vortices. Majorana bound states possess non-Abelian exchange statistics which can be probed through interferometry. Here, we take a significant step towards Majorana interferometry by observing pronounced Fabry-Perot oscillations in a TI sandwiched between a superconducting and normal lead. For energies below the superconducting gap, we observe a doubling in the frequency of the oscillations, arising from the additional phase accumulated from Andreev reflection. When a magnetic field is applied perpendicular to the TI surface, a number of very sharp and gate-tunable conductance peaks appear at or near zero energy, which has consequences for interpreting spectroscopic probes of Majorana fermions. Our results demonstrate that TIs are a promising platform for exploring phase-coherent transport in a solid-state system.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Expectation Formation and Learning in the Labour Market with On-the-Job Search and Nash Bargaining
Creators: name: Damdinsuren, Erdenebulgan
name: Zaharieva, Anna
Publisher: name: Bielefeld University, Department of Business Administration and Economics
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 330
subject: On-the-job search
subject: Nash bargaining
subject: OLS learning
subject: inefficient transitions

description: This paper develops a search and matching model with heterogeneous firms, on-the-job search by workers, Nash bargaining over wages and adaptive learning. We assume that workers are boundedly rational in the sense that they do not have perfect foresight about the outcome of wage bargaining. Instead workers use a recursive OLS learning mechanism and base their forecasts on the linear wage regression with the firm's productivity and worker's current wage as regressors. For a restricted set of parameters we show analytically that the Nash bargaining solution in this setting is unique. We embed this solution into the agentbased simulation and provide a numerical characterization of the Restricted Perceptions Equilibrium. The simulation allows us to collect data on productivities and wages which is used for updating workers' expectations. The estimated regression coefficient on productivity is always higher than the bargaining power of workers, but the difference between the two is decreasing as the bargaining power becomes larger and vanishes when workers are paid their full productivity. In the equilibrium a higher bargaining power is associated with higher wages and larger wage dispersion, in addition, the earnings distribution becomes more skewed. Moreover, our results indicate that a higher bargaining power is associated with a lower overall frequency of job-to-job transitions and a lower fraction of inefficient transitions among them. Our results are robust to the shifts of the productivity distribution
Ideal negative measurements in quantum walks disprove theories based on classical trajectories
Creators: name: Robens, Carsten
name: Alt, Wolfgang
name: Meschede, Dieter
name: Emary, Clive
name: Alberti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a stringent test of the non-classicality of the motion of a massive quantum particle, which propagates on a discrete lattice. Measuring temporal correlations of the position of single atoms performing a quantum walk, we observe a $6σ$ violation of the Leggett-Garg inequality. Our results rigorously excludes (i.e. falsifies) any explanation of quantum transport based on classical, well-defined trajectories. We use so-called ideal negative measurements -- an essential requisite for any genuine Leggett-Garg test -- to acquire information about the atom's position, yet avoiding any direct interaction with it. The interaction-free measurement is based on a novel atom transport system, which allows us to directly probe the absence rather than the presence of atoms at a chosen lattice site. Beyond the fundamental aspect of this test, we demonstrate the application of the Leggett-Garg correlation function as a witness of quantum superposition. We here employ the witness to discriminate different types of walks spanning from merely classical to wholly quantum dynamics.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Vesicle formation induced by thermal fluctuations
Creators: name: Gallen, Andreu F.
name: Romero-Arias, J. Roberto
name: Barrio, Rafael A.
name: Hernandez-Machado, Aurora
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The process of fission and vesicle formation depends on the geometry of the membrane that will split. For instance, a flat surface finds it difficult to form vesicles because of the lack of curved regions where to start the process. Here we show that vesicle formation can be promoted by temperature, by using a membrane phase field model with Gaussian curvature. We find a phase transition between fluctuating and vesiculation phases that depends on temperature, spontaneous curvature, and the ratio between bending and Gaussian moduli. We analysed the energy dynamical behaviour of these processes and found that the main driving ingredient is the Gaussian energy term, although the curvature energy term usually helps with the process as well. We also found that the chemical potential can be used to investigate the temperature of the system. Finally we address how temperature changes the condition for spontaneous vesiculation for all geometries, making it happen in a wider range of values of the Gaussian modulus.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
title: Grand theory in international relations: an investigation of a chimera
Creators: name: Dunleavy, Daniel Joseph
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Grand theory is either understood as a particularly useful form of theory or a deeply problematic form of theory in the discipline of international relations (IR). Grand theory, for some, is useful as a "map", a "big picture" or a "framework" to orient and guide research. For others, grand theory either distracts attention from studying what matters in IR, or it is understood to have so many problematic effects that it should be abandoned. Despite the prominence of grand theory, there is no agreement on what constitutes a grand theory in IR. It is difficult to adjudicate whether grand theory is useful or problematic in general because theorists think that different types of grand theory are either useful or problematic. To gain a better understanding of whether grand theory is useful or problematic, I investigate three particular grand theories: Buzan's social structural approach (2004), Lebow's cultural theory (2008) and Ripsman et al.'s type III neoclassical realism (2016). I argue that Buzan (2004) and Lebow (2008) abandon their projects of grand theory while Ripsman et al. (2016) retain their commitment to grand theory. By answering why Buzan (2004) and Lebow (2008) abandoned grand theory, and why Ripsman et al. (2016) have retained their committed to grand theory, I aim to make a contribution as to whether grand theory can be viewed as useful or problematic in IR.
Contrastive Learning with Cross-Modal Knowledge Mining for Multimodal Human Activity Recognition
Creators: name: Brinzea, Razvan
name: Khaertdinov, Bulat
name: Asteriadis, Stylianos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human Activity Recognition is a field of research where input data can take many forms. Each of the possible input modalities describes human behaviour in a different way, and each has its own strengths and weaknesses. We explore the hypothesis that leveraging multiple modalities can lead to better recognition. Since manual annotation of input data is expensive and time-consuming, the emphasis is made on self-supervised methods which can learn useful feature representations without any ground truth labels. We extend a number of recent contrastive self-supervised approaches for the task of Human Activity Recognition, leveraging inertial and skeleton data. Furthermore, we propose a flexible, general-purpose framework for performing multimodal self-supervised learning, named Contrastive Multiview Coding with Cross-Modal Knowledge Mining (CMC-CMKM). This framework exploits modality-specific knowledge in order to mitigate the limitations of typical self-supervised frameworks. The extensive experiments on two widely-used datasets demonstrate that the suggested framework significantly outperforms contrastive unimodal and multimodal baselines on different scenarios, including fully-supervised fine-tuning, activity retrieval and semi-supervised learning. Furthermore, it shows performance competitive even compared to supervised methods.
description: to be published in IEEE WCCI 2022 (IJCNN 2022 track)
Sources of n-type conductivity in GaInO3
Creators: name: Wang, V.
name: Xiao, W.
name: Kang, L. -J.
name: Liu, R. -J.
name: Mizuseki, H.
name: Kawazoe, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using hybrid density functional theory, we investigated formation energies and transition energies of possible donor-like defects in GaInO3, with the aim of exploring the sources of the experimentally observed n-type conductivity in this material. We predicted that O vacancies are deep donors; interstitial Ga and In are shallow donors but with rather high formation energies (>2.5 eV). Thus these intrinsic defects cannot cause high levels of n-type conductivity. However, ubiquitous H impurities existing in samples can act as shallow donors. As for extrinsic dopants, substitutional Sn and Ge are shown to act as effective donor dopants and can give rise to highly n-type conductive GaInO3; while substitutional N behaviors as a compensating center. Our results provide a consistent explanation of experimental observations.
description: 6 figures
Le dosage de l'histamine plasmatique lors de réactions anaphylactoïdes chez le sujet anesthésié: Influence des méthodes de prélèvement et de la préparation du plasma sur l'histaminémie mesurée [Plasma histamine assay in anaphylactoid reactions of the anesthetized subject. Effects of collection methods and plasma preparation on measured histamine]
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Neugebauer, E.
name: Schmal, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adult
subject: Anaphylaxis/chemically induced
subject: Anesthetics/adverse effects
subject: Blood Chemical Analysis/instrumentation
subject: Blood Specimen Collection/methods
subject: Chromatography, Ion Exchange
subject: Female
subject: Fluorometry/methods
subject: Histamine/blood
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Reference Values

description: Plasma histamine assay in man is indicated for the diagnosis of histamine release, as well as the elucidation of the mechanisms of adverse drug reactions, and the identification of clinical situations in anaesthesia and surgery where a pathological plasma histamine level may occur. Normal and pathological plasma histamine levels vary considerably in the literature. Data from various studies, especially one involving 300 patients in Heidelberg (G.F.R.), allow us to define the normal range for human plasma histamine as 0-1.0 ng . ml-1 . Values greater than 1 ng . ml-1 have to be considered as pathological. The problems related to blood collection and plasma preparation are considered here. Any judgement concerning the method described in the test must take into consideration our long experience of 15 years with it, its reliability in clinical conditions, its practicability, its relatively low cost, and finally, the absence of radioisotopes.
Release of histamine by H2-receptor antagonists
Creators: name: Parkin, J. V.
name: Ackroyd, E. B.
name: Glickman, S.
name: Hobsley, M.
name: Lorenz, Wilfried
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1982
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Histamine H2 Antagonists/pharmacology
subject: Histamine Release/drug effects
subject: Humans
subject: Injections, Intravenous
subject: Risk

description: letter
R+S^2 theories of gravity without big-bang singularity
Creators: name: Lu, Jia-An
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The R+S^2 theories of gravity, where S^2 denotes the quadratic torsion terms, are analyzed under three cases. In the first two cases, the matter fields are described by two different spin fluids which are not homogeneous and isotropic. In the third case, a homogeneous and isotropic torsion field is used. It is found that under all the three cases, the R+S^2 theories may avert the big-bang singularity of the Robertson--Walker universe, with three corresponding constraints on the parameters.
description: 10 pages
Status:  radiation cooled target for the undulator-based $e^+$ source
Creators: name: Riemann, Sabine
name: Dietrich, Felix
name: Ushakov, Andriy
name: Moortgat-Pick, Gudrid
name: Sievers, Peter
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: Asian Linear Collider Workshop 2018, ALCW2018, Fukuoka, Japan, 28 May 2018 - 2 Jun 2018
Absence of thermalisation in a Fermi liquid
Creators: name: Maraga, Anna
name: Silva, Alessandro
name: Fabrizio, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a weak interaction quench in a three-dimensional Fermi gas. We first show that, under some general assumptions on time-dependent perturbation theory, the perturbative expansion of the long-wavelength structure factor $S(\bq)$ is not compatible with the hypothesis that steady-state averages correspond to thermal ones. In particular, $S(\bq)$ does develop an analytical component $\sim const. + O(q^2)$ at $\bq\to\bnot$, as implied by thermalization, but, in contrast, it maintains a non-analytic part $\sim |\bq|$ characteristic of a Fermi-liquid at zero-temperature. In real space, this non-analyticity corresponds to persisting power-law decaying density-density correlations, whereas thermalization would predict only an exponential decay. We next consider the case of a dilute gas, where one can obtain non-perturbative results in the interaction strength but at lowest order in the density. We find that in the steady-state the momentum distribution jump at the Fermi surface remains finite, though smaller than in equilibrium, up to second order in $k_F f_0$, where $f_0$ is the scattering length of two particles in the vacuum. Both results question the emergence of a finite length scale in the quench-dynamics as expected by thermalization.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Polygons as sections of higher-dimensional polytopes
Creators: name: Padrol, Arnau
name: Pfeifle, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B99, 90C57, 15A23

description: We show that every heptagon is a section of a $3$-polytope with $6$ vertices. This implies that every $n$-gon with $n\geq 7$ can be obtained as a section of a $(2+\lfloor\frac{n}{7}\rfloor)$-dimensional polytope with at most $\lceil\frac{6n}{7}\rceil$ vertices; and provides a geometric proof of the fact that every nonnegative $n\times m$ matrix of rank $3$ has nonnegative rank not larger than $\lceil\frac{6\min(n,m)}{7}\rceil$. This result has been independently proved, algebraically, by Shitov (J. Combin. Theory Ser. A 122, 2014).
description: 16 pages, 10 figures; improved presentation and added a section on hexagons
Crossing the hurdle: the determinants of individual scientific performance
Creators: name: Baccini, Alberto
name: Barabesi, Lucio
name: Cioni, Martina
name: Pisani, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62J12

description: An original cross sectional dataset referring to a medium sized Italian university is implemented in order to analyze the determinants of scientific research production at individual level. The dataset includes 942 permanent researchers of various scientific sectors for a three year time span (2008 - 2010). Three different indicators - based on the number of publications or citations - are considered as response variables. The corresponding distributions are highly skewed and display an excess of zero - valued observations. In this setting, the goodness of fit of several Poisson mixture regression models are explored by assuming an extensive set of explanatory variables. As to the personal observable characteristics of the researchers, the results emphasize the age effect and the gender productivity gap, as previously documented by existing studies. Analogously, the analysis confirm that productivity is strongly affected by the publication and citation practices adopted in different scientific disciplines. The empirical evidence on the connection between teaching and research activities suggests that no univocal substitution or complementarity thesis can be claimed: a major teaching load does not affect the odds to be a non-active researcher and does not significantly reduce the number of publications for active researchers. In addition, new evidence emerges on the effect of researchers administrative tasks, which seem to be negatively related with researcher's productivity, and on the composition of departments. Researchers' productivity is apparently enhanced by operating in department filled with more administrative and technical staff, and it is not significantly affected by the composition of the department in terms of senior or junior researchers.
description: Revised version accepted for publication by Scientometrics
Very High Energy Gamma-ray detection by MAGIC from a direction coincident with the IceCube neutrino event
Creators: name: Bernardini, Elisa
name: Bhattacharyya, Wrijupan
name: Foffano, Luca
name: Inoue, Susumu
name: Satalecka, Konstancja
name: Peresano, Michele
name: Tavecchio, Fabrizio
name: Cerruti, Matteo
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2018

description: XXVIII International Conference on Neutrino Physics and Astrophysics, Neutrino 2018, Heidelberg, Germany, 4 Jun 2018 - 9 Jun 2018
Relations for low-energy coupling constants in baryon chiral perturbation theory derived from the chiral quark model
Creators: name: Jiang, Jun
name: Jiang, Shao-Zhou
name: Li, Shi-Yuan
name: Liu, Yan-Rui
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Wang, Hong-Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark model symmetry can be adopted to establish relations between the low-energy constants (LECs) in the baryon chiral perturbation theory ($χPT$) if one assumes that a baryon-baryon-meson coupling is described equivalently by a quark-quark-meson coupling at the quark level. Through the correspondence between the $SU(2)$ description and the $SU(3)$ description for the same coupling vertex at the quark level, we find some relations between the LECs in $SU(2)_{χPT}$ and $SU(3)_{χPT}$ up to the third chiral order. The $SU(3)_{χPT}$ LEC relations at the same order are also obtained. The numerical analysis roughly supports these relations. In the situation that the available experimental data are not enough, one may employ such constraints to reduce the number of LECs.
description: Version to appear in PRD. 16 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables
DDI Implementation Projects at SSJDA - Ongoing Projects and a Future Task
Creators: name: Miwa, Satoshi
name: Kezuka, Kazuhiro
name: Masuko, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Social Science Japan Data Archive (SSJDA) has developed DDI implementation projects. We present two ongoing projects and a future task in SSJDA. The first implementation project is the Nesstar system operation since 2012. Some datasets which are provided from SSJDA are available in the Nesstar system and the number of access and users are increasing. Since mutual link with SSJDA's website is also started, cooperation between services is working more effectively. The second project is development of the software Easy DDI Organizer (EDO). EDO is an open source tool for editing and managing a metadata along with data lifecycle. Our future task is to provide users with tools to encourage users to understand and use social research. Panel surveys usually have complex structures that impede analysis. At the same time, I would like to integrate these multiple projects and improve the process of data archiving work. Discussion of these projects and future issues.
The Chandrasekhar's Equation for Two-Dimensional Hypothetical White Dwarfs
Creators: name: De, Sanchari
name: Chakrabarty, Somenath
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we have extended the original work of Chandrasekhar on the structure of white dwarfs to the two-dimensional case. Although such two-dimensional stellar objects are hypothetical in nature, we strongly believe that the work presented in this article may be prescribed as Master of Science level class problem for the students in physics.
description: Seven pages with three .eps figures (included), References added. Some version has been published in Scientific Voyage Journal
Are hypotension and rash after atracurium really caused by histamine release?
Creators: name: Doenicke, A.
name: Moss, J.
name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Hoernecke, R.
name: Gottardis, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Adolescent
subject: Adult
subject: Aged
subject: Atracurium/adverse effects
subject: Double-Blind Method
subject: Drug Eruptions/etiology
subject: Histamine Release/physiology
subject: Humans
subject: Hypotension/chemically induced
subject: Male
subject: Middle Aged
subject: Prospective Studies

description: A prospective, randomized, double-blind study was performed in 40 patients (ASA class I-III) treated with atracurium to ascertain whether histamine release caused hemodynamic or cutaneous changes. The treated group of 20 patients was premedicated with the H1 antagonist dimetindene (0.2 mg/kg) and the H2 antagonist ranitidine (1.25 mg/kg); the control group of 20 patients received saline. Six minutes after the induction of anesthesia with thiopental/fentanyl, patients received atracurium 0.5 mg/kg over 5 s. Plasma histamine levels were measured fluorometrically 5 min after administration of thiopental/fentanyl and 2 and 5 min after atracurium. Arterial blood pressure and heart rate were recorded every 2 min. Histamine levels (0.24 ng/mL) did not change significantly after thiopental/fentanyl. In the control group, 2 min after injection of atracurium, plasma histamine levels were 0.76 +/- 0.76 ng/mL, and in the antihistamine-treated group, 0.39 +/- 0.24 ng/mL (P < 0.05 control versus treated), suggesting that pretreatment with antihistamines may attenuate atracurium-induced histamine release. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure decreased significantly in both groups after thiopental (P < 0.05), but did not decrease further after the administration of atracurium. There were cutaneous manifestations in 7 of 20 patients in the control group and in none of the 20 patients treated with H1 and H2 antagonists (P < 0.0005). We conclude that atracurium caused modest histamine release in our patients but that the decrease in arterial blood pressure may have been due, in part, to thiopental. Cutaneous manifestations of histamine release did not correlate with hemodynamic events or with plasma histamine levels, but were prevented with antihistamine pretreatment.
Nambu's Nobel Prize, the $σ$ meson and the mass of visible matter
Creators: name: Schumacher, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electroweak Higgs boson has been discovered in ongoing experiments at the LHC, leading to a mass of this particle of 126 GeV. This Higgs boson mediates the generation of mass for elementary particles, including the mass of elementary (current) quarks. These current-quark masses leave 98% of the mass of the atom unexplained. This large fraction is mediated by strong interaction, where instead of the Higgs boson the $σ$ meson is the mediating particle. Though already discovered in 1957 by Schwinger, the $σ$ meson has been integrated out in many theories of hadron properties because it had not been observed and was doubted to exist. With the observation of the $σ$ meson in recent experiments on Compton scattering by the nucleon at MAMI (Mainz) it has become timely to review the status of experimental and theoretical researches on this topic.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures, topical review
Marginally Deformed Starobinsky Gravity
Creators: name: Codello, A.
name: Joergensen, J.
name: Sannino, F.
name: Svendsen, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that quantum-induced marginal deformations of the Starobinsky gravitational action of the form $R^{2(1 -α)}$, with $R$ the Ricci scalar and $α$ a positive parameter, smaller than one half, can account for the recent experimental observations by BICEP2 of primordial tensor modes. We also suggest natural microscopic (non) gravitational sources of these corrections and demonstrate that they lead generally to a nonzero and positive $α$. Furthermore we argue, that within this framework, the tensor modes probe theories of grand unification with a large scalar field content.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 2 columns
Histaminolibération induite par les produits anesthésiques ou leurs solvants : spécifique ou non spécifique ? [Histamine liberation induced by anesthetics or their solvents: specific or non-specific?]
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Doenicke, A.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Anesthetics/pharmacology
subject: Anesthetics, Local/pharmacology
subject: Histamine/blood
subject: Histamine Antagonists
subject: Histamine Release/drug effects
subject: Humans
subject: Intraoperative Period
subject: Morphine/pharmacology
subject: Neuromuscular Blocking Agents/pharmacology
subject: Postoperative Period
subject: Preanesthetic Medication
subject: Receptors, Histamine/drug effects
subject: Solvents/pharmacology
subject: Succinylcholine/pharmacology

description: Histamine release is a frequent event in the perioperative period. The reasons for its occurrence are complex; they include pseudoallergic and allergic phenomena--and probably a mixture of both. Some drugs and solvents seem to modulate histamine release induced by other drugs. Thus the terms "specific and nonspecific" or "selective and nonselective" histamine release which have their well appreciated place in experimental immunology and pharmacology should be avoided in describing histamine release responses in clinical conditions. The clinical relevance of histamine release in the perioperative period is considerable and can be compared with that of perioperative thrombosis and thromboembolism. Far too many drugs and anaesthetic and surgical procedures give increased plasma histamine levels; premedication with H1- + H2-histamine receptor antagonists is therefore recommended in patients who have a history of hypersensitivity reactions to intravenous agents; a history of atopy, who are to be given the same drug a few days later, undergo surgery with a high risk of histamine release, are more than 70 years old or are poor risk patients with perioperative cardiac, respiratory or liver failure and shock.
Symptomloses und kompliziertes Ulcus pepticum als extreme Erscheinungsform der Ulcuskrankheit: Konsequenzen für die Wahl zwischen konservativer und chirurgischer Therapie [Symptomless and complicated peptic ulcer as an extreme clinical form of ulcer disease: consequences for choice between conservative and surgical therapy].
Creators: name: Lorenz, Wilfried
name: Thon, K.
name: Ohmann, C.
name: Röher, H. D.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin
subject: Cimetidine/therapeutic use
subject: Humans
subject: Peptic Ulcer/surgery
subject: Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage/surgery
subject: Postoperative Complications/surgery
subject: Prognosis
subject: Recurrence
subject: Vagotomy, Proximal Gastric

description: Asymptomatic recurrent ulcers following drugs and surgical therapy are true failures of treatment (Visick IV). Several types of bias at present do not allow any conclusion whether medical treatment and maintenance increase the rate of ulcer complications. The mechanisms of action for medical treatment with cimetidine and operative treatment with SPV are similar, but not identical. Bad compliance and incomplete vagotomies mainly account for success of mutual exchange between the two types of therapy. Using a decision tree with mortality as outcome recommendations are developed for a step-wise therapeutic concept in peptic ulcer patients.