Paramblynotus venoforticulus Liu, Ronquist & Nordlander, 2007, new species
Creators: name: Liu, Zhiwei
name: Ronquist, Fredrik
name: Nordlander, Göran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Liopteridae
Paramblynotus
Paramblynotus venoforticulus

description: Paramblynotus venoforticulus, new species   
FEMALE: Length 5.0 mm. Body and antenna entirely black. Fore- and middle legs red brown with coxae black; hindleg with coxa dark brown, femur red brown, and tibia and tarsus black. Wings transparent; forewing with a rectangular macula along the middle of anterior margin, covering marginal cell, distal one-third of first submarginal cell, and basal part of second submarginal cell anteriorly.  
Antenna 13-segmented; flagellum filiform. Vertex foveate-reticulate. Eye prominent, extended laterally beyond outer margin of gena. Ocellar plate distinctly raised, mostly foveate-reticulate, and defined laterally by carina lined along interior side with a row of large foveae, and with a small glabrous triangular area beneath anterior ocellus. Median frontal carina simple and present only between antennal sockets. Upper face longitudinally carinate laterally; antennal scrobe distinctly depressed, punctate-reticulate, longitudinally carinate posteriorly, and defined by distinct carina laterally. Gena punctate-reticulate and sparsely foveate with dense pubescence; lower face foveatereticulate, and clypeus foveate/punctatereticulate; anterior tentorial pits distinct; and clypeo-pleurostomal sulcus and epistomal sulcus indistinct. Lateral occipital carina not reaching vertex. Occiput longitudinally carinate medially and glabrous laterally.  
 Anterior flange of pronotum glabrous, submedian pronotal depressions separated from each other medially. Anterior plate of pronotum densely finely punctate and laterally also with dense pubescence. Pronotum dorsomedially raised, distinctly higher than mesoscutum; pronotal crest raised medially into a distinct process-like peak. Lateral pronotal carina distinct, almost reaching pronotal crest dorsomedially. Lateral surface of pronotum foveate-reticulate and densely pubescent. Dorsal pronotal area present only along anterior third of posterior margin of pronotum and superficially transversely carinate anteriorly. Mesoscutum flat dorsally and transversely costate with superficial foveae set in rows. Scutellar sulcus divided only by a median longitudinal carina. Axillar area with conspicuous pubescence. Mesoscutellum foveate-reticulate; mesoscutellum truncate posteriorly in dorsal view. Axillar area with conspicuous pubescence. Mesopleural triangle conspicuously pubescent and well defined ventrally by a smoothly curved carina. Median mesopleural impression percurrent and glabrous with several superficial transverse costae. Upper mesopleuron glabrous; lower mesopleuron glabrous and pubescent in ventral impression. Metepisternum areolate-reticulate in upper part, with a small elevated glabrous area medially, and conspicuously pubescent ventrally. Lateral propodeal carinae percurrent, almost parallel to each other, and strongly raised anterodorsally into a conspicuous, dorsally rounded triangular process with dense dorsal pubescence; median propodeal area glabrate; median longitudinal carina percurrent, crossed by a submedial transverse carina. Rs+M of forewing nebulous, arising from middle of basal vein. Marginal cell 3.0 times as long as wide and 1.4 times as long as submarginal cell. Bulla on Sc+R 1 absent.   
 Petiole 0.70 times as long as wide in lateral view. Tergum 8 not exposed; relative length of T3–7: 1.7:1.0:1.3:2.4:1.3; T3 glabrous; T4– 5 finely densely punctate; T6 coarsely densely punctate; and T7 densely punctate except glabrous posteriorly, with a band of conspicuous pubescence dorsolaterally. Apical teeth of metatibia long, slender, and pointed apically. First metatarsomeres with apical protuberance extending to one-third of second metatarsomeres. 1mt (excluding apical process)/2–5mt 5 0.78.   
MALE: Unknown.  
 Paramblynotus venoforticulus is separated from all other Paramblynotus species except P. grossus by the combination of having (1) occiput longitudinally carinate, (2) pronotum raised into a peak, and (3) forewing with a rectangular macula along middle of anterior margin. It differs from P. grossus in that its gena is not expanded behind eyes and its legs are mostly red brown.   
TYPE MATERIAL: HOLOTYPE: ♀, Vietnam: Fyan (900–1,000 m), 1961-VII-11– VIII-9, N.R. Spencer (BPBM).  
DISTRIBUTION: Vietnam.  
 ETYMOLOGY: From Latin, veno, vein, and forticulus, strong. The name refers to the heavy veins of the species.
description: Published as part of Liu, Zhiwei, Ronquist, Fredrik & Nordlander, Göran, 2007, The Cynipoid Genus Paramblynotus: Revision, Phylogeny, And Historical Biogeography (Hymenoptera: Liopteridae), pp. 1-151 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 2007 (304) on pages 118-119, DOI: 10.1206/0003-0090(2007)304[1:tcgprp]2.0.co;2