cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluation of the DEFINDER System for Fully Automatic Glossary Construction
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: In this paper we present a quantitative and qualitative evaluation of DEFINDER, a rule-based system that mines consumer-oriented full text articles in order to extract definitions and the terms they define. The quantitative evaluation shows that in terms of precision and recall as measured against human performance, DEFINDER obtained 87% and 75% respectively, thereby revealing the incompleteness of existing resources and the ability of DEFINDER to address these gaps. Our basis for comparison is definitions from on-line dictionaries, including the UMLS Metathesaurus. Qualitative evaluation shows that the definitions extracted by our system are ranked higher in terms of user-centered criteria of usability and readability than are definitions from on-line specialized dictionaries. The output of DEFINDER can be used to enhance these dictionaries. DEFINDER output is being incorporated in a system to clarify technical terms for non-specialist users in understandable non-technical language.
Is Coordination Quantiﬁcation?
Creators: name: Lerman, Kevin
name: Rambow, Owen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: We explore the semantics of conjunction using a neo-Davidsonian semantics expressed in a synchronous grammar. We propose to model conjunction as quantiﬁcation over the set of conjoined entities,
and discuss problems that arise in this approach when we have conjoined quantiﬁed noun phrases.
On birational involutions of $P^3$
Creators: name: Prokhorov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14E07

description: Let $X$ be a rationally connected three-dimensional algebraic variety and let $τ$ be an element of order two in the group of its birational selfmaps. Suppose that there exists a non-uniruled divisorial component of the $τ$-fixed point locus. Using the equivariant minimal model program we give a rough classification of such elements.
description: 24 pages, latex
Using librarian techniques in automatic text summarization for information retrieval
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Kan, Min-Yen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: A current application of automatic text summarization is to provide an overview of relevant documents coming from an information retrieval (IR) system. This paper examines how Centrifuser, one such summarization system, was designed with respect to methods used in the library community. We have reviewed these librarian expert techniques to assist information seekers and codified them into eight distinct strategies. We detail how we have operationalized six of these strategies in Centrifuser by computing an informative extract, indicative differences between documents, as well as navigational links to narrow or broaden a user's query. We conclude the paper with results from a preliminary evaluation.
Scientific Literacy Re-visioned Workshop at NABT 2023
Creators: name: Uno, Gordon
name: Donovan, Sam
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2023

description: This material was part of the “Scientific Literacy Re-visioned” presentation at the National Association of Biology Teachers (NABT) 2023 Conference in Baltimore MD. In this workshop participants explored activities illustrating components of the new model of scientific literacy for undergraduates developed by the NSF-funded “Liberal Art of Science” (AAAS, 1990) revision project.
Generalized Bargmann functions, their growth and von Neumann lattices
Creators: name: Vourdas, A.
name: Penson, K. A.
name: Duchamp, G. H. E.
name: Solomon, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized Bargmann representations which are based on generalized coherent states are considered. The growth of the corresponding analytic functions in the complex plane is studied. Results about the overcompleteness or undercompleteness of discrete sets of these generalized coherent states are given. Several examples are discussed in detail.
description: 9 pages, changes with respect to previous version: typos removed, improved presentation
Biochemische Charakterisierung der Glycosyltransferase Dpm1 aus S. cerevisiae und in vitro Dolichylphosphatmannose-Produktion
Creators: name: Schöpfer, Matthias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 572

description: Dolichylphosphat-Mannose (DolPM) ist zentraler Mannosyldonor in vier Glykosylierungswegen in Eukaryoten und kommerziell nicht verfügbar. DolPM wird durch die Dolichylphosphatmannosesynthase 1 (Dpm1) in S. cerevisiae gebildet. In dieser Arbeit wurde eine immobilisierte His6-SUMO-Dpm1-Variante verwendet und in einem kontinuierlichen Prozess 4,2 mg DolPM synthetisiert. DolPM konnte durch MeOH-Präzipitation als auch mit präparativer DC gereinigt und mittels ESI-MS nachgewiesen werden. Die Aktivität des Enzyms konnte erstmals unter Verwendung einer HPLC bestimmt werden. Neben Mg2+ und Mn2+ wurden auch Ni2+, Co2+ und Ca2+, nicht aber Cu2+, als Cofaktoren akzeptiert. Die höchste enzymatische Aktivität wurde bei 35 °C ermittelt (Aktivitätsbereich 20-50 °C). Neben Dolichylphosphat (DolP) wurde auch Phytanylphosphat (PhytP) getestet und beide Lipidsubstrate wurden mit ähnlichen kinetischen Parametern (Vmax, Km) umgesetzt. Die biophysikalische Untersuchung der GDP-Mannose (GDPM) Substratbindung an die His6-SUMO-Dpm1 wurde erstmals mittels ITC untersucht. GDPM wurde mit einem KD von 83 μM von der His6-SUMO-Dpm1 gebunden, wohingegen GDP nicht gebunden wurde.
description: Dolichylphosphatemannose (DolPM) is the central mannosyl-donor in four glycosylation pathways in eukaryotes. DolPM is synthesized through dolichylphosphatemannose synthase 1 (Dpm1) in S. cerevisiae. Using an immobilized His6-SUMO-Dpm1-variant, 4,2 mg DolPM were continuously synthesized. DolPM was prepared using MeOH precipitation as well as preparative TLC and proved with ESI-MS. The enzyme activity was measured with HPLC. Besides Mg2+ and Mn2+, Ni2+, Co2+ and Ca2+, but not Cu2+, were also accepted as cofactors. The highest enzymatic activity was measured at 35 °C (activity range: 20-50 °C). Natural dolichylphosphate (DolP) as well as artificial phytanylphosphate (PhytP) were tested as lipid substrates. PhytP and DolP had similar kinetic parameters (Vmax, Km). GDP-mannose (GDPM) substrate binding was investigated for the first time biophysically using ITC. GDPM was bound with a KD of 83 μM by His6-SUMO-Dpm1, whereas GDP was not bound.
Entropy in quantum chromodynamics
Creators: name: Cornwall, John M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the role of zero-temperature entropy in several closely-related contexts in QCD. The first is entropy associated with disordered condensates, including $< G_{μν}^2>$. The second is vacuum entropy arising from QCD solitons such as center vortices, yielding confinement and chiral symmetry breaking. The third is entanglement entropy, which is entropy associated with a pure state, such as the QCD vacuum, when the state is partially unobserved and unknown. Typically, entanglement entropy of an unobserved three-volume scales not with the volume but with the area of its bounding surface. The fourth manifestation of entropy in QCD is the configurational entropy of light-particle world-lines and flux tubes; we argue that this entropy is critical for understanding how confinement produces chiral symmetry breakdown, as manifested by a dynamically-massive quark, a massless pion, and a $< \bar{q}q>$ condensate.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Preprint version of invited review for Modern Physics Letters A
Lessons from the canyon : Aboriginal engagement in the Enbridge Northern Gateway environmental assessment
Creators: name: Panofsky, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis examines the environmental assessment for the proposed Northern Gateway Pipelines project, focusing on Aboriginal concerns with the process. Northern Gateway is a highly contentious oil pipeline that would link the Tar Sands in Alberta to the BC coast in Kitimat, in an effort to ship Canadian crude to Asia. I focus on the extent and quality of First Nations’ participation in the EA and its meaningful acknowledgement of Aboriginal rights and ontologies. Environmental assessment in Canada has become an important space for the negotiation of Aboriginal rights though it was never intended as such and is wrought with criticism. I present this analysis within a post-colonial framework, grounded in political ecology, political ontology and posthumanism. It is important to understand the case of Northern Gateway in BC today within a broader analysis of a legacy of colonialism, and colonial relationships. To explore these issues, I center on the experience of one Aboriginal organization, the Office of the Wet’suwet’en, in Smithers BC, which is publicly opposed to Northern Gateway.
On the flare induced seismicity in the active region NOAA 10930 and related enhancement of global waves in the sun
Creators: name: Kumar, Brajesh
name: Venkatakrishnan, P.
name: Mathur, Savita
name: Tiwari, Sanjiv Kumar
name: Garcia, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A major flare (of class X3.4) occurred on 13 December 2006 in the active region NOAA 10930. The energy released during flares is also known to induce acoustic oscillations in the Sun. Here, we analyze the line-of-sight velocity patterns in this active region during the X3.4 flare using the Dopplergrams obtained by GONG instrument. We have also analyzed the disk-integrated velocity observations of the Sun obtained by GOLF instrument onboard SOHO spacecraft as well as full-disk collapsed velocity signals from GONG observations during this flare to study any possible connection between the flare related changes seen in the local and global velocity oscillations in the Sun. We apply wavelet transform to the time series of the localized velocity oscillations as well as the global velocity oscillations in the Sun spanning the flare event. The line-of-sight velocity shows significant enhancement in some localized regions of the penumbra of this active region during the flare. The affected region is seen to be away from the locations of the flare ribbons and the hard X-ray footpoints. The sudden enhancement in this velocity seems to be caused by the Lorentz force driven by the "magnetic jerk" in the localized penumbral region. Application of wavelet analysis to these flare induced localized seismic signals show significant enhancement in the high-frequency domain (5-8 mHz) and a feeble enhancement in the p-mode oscillations (2-5 mHz) during the flare. On the other hand, the wavelet analysis of GOLF velocity data and the full-disk collapsed GONG velocity data spanning the flare event indicate significant post-flare enhancements in the high-frequency global velocity oscillations in the Sun. We find indications of a connection between flare induced localized seismic signals and the excitation of global high-frequency oscillations in the Sun.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures, To appear in The Astrophysical Journal
Search for $Z^{+}_{s1}$ and $Z^{+}_{s2}$ strangeonium-like structures
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-Rong
name: Gan, Long-Fei
name: Huang, Ming-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Theoretically, it has been presumed from an effective Lagrangian calculation that there could exist two charged strangeonium-like molecular states $Z^{+}_{s1}$ and $Z^{+}_{s2}$, with $K\bar{K}^{*}$ and $K^{*}\bar{K}^{*}$ configurations respectively. In the framework of QCD sum rules, we predict that masses of $Z^{+}_{s1}$ ($K\bar{K}^{*}$) and $Z^{+}_{s2}$ ($K^{*}\bar{K}^{*}$) are $1.85\pm0.14 GeV$ and $2.02\pm0.15 GeV$ respectively, which are both above their respective two meson thresholds. We suggest to put in practice the search for these two charged strangeonium-like structures in future experiments.
description: 7 pages, 4 eps figures; the version accepted for publication in PRD. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1203.0700
Performance Requirements in Need-Based Aid: What Roles Do They Serve, and Do They Work?
Creators: name: Scott-Clayton, Judith E.
name: Schudde, Lauren
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Student aid
Student financial aid administration
Universities and colleges--Finance
College students
College students--Economic conditions

description: Satisfactory academic progress (SAP) requirements have existed in some form in the federal student aid programs for nearly 40 years—and have become increasingly strict—yet only limited research exists regarding their motivations and consequences. In this brief, the authors discuss two recent CAPSEE studies they conducted that examine the consequences of SAP policy for first-time community college students in two separate, anonymous states. They discuss the underlying motivations for the policy, examine how students are affected, and assess the implications for program efficiency and equity.
Attitudes towards the use of puberty blockers for gender diverse young people
Creators: name: Stacey, Helen
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Systematic Literature Review A systematic literature review was undertaken to explore the attitudes held by parents/carers and clinicians about the use of puberty blockers for young people. Ten articles were reviewed, and their findings synthesised. A thematic analysis generated two overarching themes: Clear but contrasting perspectives and negotiating dilemmas. Findings suggested that parents/carers and clinicians have compelling but opposing viewpoints on the role of puberty blockers, yet both experience dilemmas in navigating the complexities of balancing short- and long-term risk and decisions around capacity and consent. The implications of development of gender services and suggestions for future research are discussed.
 Empirical Research Project Debate about the use of puberty blockers for young people is intense and polarised positions have led to reports of people feeling hostile yet silenced. This Q-methodological study was undertaken to explore the nuances of the viewpoints expressed. Thirty-eight people sorted 48 statements related to perspectives on the use of puberty blockers for young people based on their views. Analysis identified three viewpoints: ‘Caution’ reflected the view that puberty blockers can be a helpful intervention for some young people, but caution should be exercised, particularly due to the unreliable evidence base for this intervention. ‘Do not prescribe’ argued that puberty blockers are not a suitable intervention for young people and advocated for a psychological approach to distress. ‘Essential’ represented the view that puberty blockers are an important intervention for young people with gender distress and should be made more available than they are currently. Implications were discussed with optimism that putting language to these viewpoints will help all stakeholders to take a meta-position, build understanding, and engage in constructive conversation about the use of puberty blockers for young people.
Applying natural language generation to indicative summarization
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Kan, Min-Yen
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Information technology
Computer science

description: The task of creating indicative summaries that help a searcher decide whether to read a particular document is a difficult task. This paper examines the indicative summarization task from a generation perspective, by first analyzing its required content via published guidelines and corpus analysis. We show how these summaries can be factored into a set of document features, and how an implemented content planner uses the topicality document feature to create indicative multidocument query-based summaries.
Random chords and point distances in regular polygons
Creators: name: Bäsel, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60D05, 52A22

description: In this paper we obtain the chord length distribution function for any regular polygon. From this function we conclude the density function and the distribution function of the distance between two uniformly and independently distributed random points in the regular polygon. The method to calculate the chord length distribution function is quite different from those of Harutyunyan and Ohanyan, uses only elementary methods and provides the result with only a few natural case distinctions.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures
Combining linguistic and machine learning techniques for email summarization
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
name: Tzoukermann, Evelyne
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: This paper shows that linguistic techniques along with machine learning can extract high quality noun phrases for the purpose of providing the gist or summary of email messages. We describe a set of comparative experiments using several machine learning algorithms for the task of salient noun phrase extraction. Three main conclusions can be drawn from this study: (i) the modifiers of a noun phrase can be semantically as important as the head for the task of gisting, (ii) linguistic filtering improves the performance of machine learning algorithms, (iii) a combination of classifiers improves accuracy.
The polytropic approximation and X-ray scaling relations: constraints on gas and dark matter profiles for galaxy groups and clusters
Creators: name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Coppi, Paolo S.
name: Natarajan, Priyamvada
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We constrain gas and dark matter (DM) parameters of galaxy groups and clusters, by comparing X-ray scaling relations to theoretical expectations, obtained assuming that the gas is in hydrostatic equilibrium with the DM and follows a polytropic relation. We vary four parameters: the gas polytropic index Gamma, its temperature at large radii T_xi, the DM logarithmic slope at large radii zeta and its concentration c_vir. When comparing the model to the observed mass-temperature (M-T) relation of local clusters, our results are independent of both T_xi and c_vir. We thus obtain constraints on Gamma, by fixing the DM profile, and on zeta, by fixing the gas profile. For an NFW DM profile, we find that 6/5
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS, with minor changes. Accepted version plus two typos corrected. Abstract abridged for astro-ph submission
title: Ethically-Justifiable Currency Fencing
title: Philosophical Research on the Ethics of Currency Limitations
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sellers, Alexandra Y. L.
Publisher: name: Philosophy
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptocurrency
subject: Ethics
subject: Fencing
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Bitcoin
subject: Digital
subject: Currency

description: Technological advances enable anyone to create digital currencies - not simply state actors - bringing currency debates out of political buildings and into everyday discussion. Digital currencies have the potential to be limited in access and used for ethical purposes but can also be manipulated and used for more nefarious purposes. My PURE-funded philosophical research involved cryptocurrency ethics literature review, defining a new use of a term (“fencing”), and examining the identified phenomenon for its ethical implications to determine if it can be ethically justified. This poster presents a short overview of my cryptocurrency ethics research.
On sarcomere length stability during isometric contractions before and after active stretching
Creators: name: Johnston, Kaleena
name: Moo, Engkuan
name: Jinha, Azim
name: Herzog, Walter
Publisher: name: Kinesiology
Year: 2019

description: Sarcomere length (SL) instability and SL non-uniformity have been used to explain fundamental properties of skeletal muscles, such as creep, force depression following active muscle shortening and residual force enhancement following active stretching of muscles. Regarding residual force enhancement, it has been argued that active muscle stretching causes SL instability, thereby increasing SL non-uniformity. However, we recently showed that SL non-uniformity is not increased by active muscle stretching, but it remains unclear if SL stability is affected by active stretching. Here, we used single myofibrils of rabbit psoas muscle and measured SL non-uniformity and SL instability during isometric contractions and for isometric contractions following active stretching at average SLs corresponding to the descending limb of the force-length relationship. We defined isometric contractions as contractions during which mean SL remained constant. SL instability was quantified by the rate of change of individual SLs over the course of steady-state isometric force and SL non-uniformity was defined as deviations of SLs from the mean SL at an instant of time. We found that whereas the mean SL remained constant during isometric contraction, by definition, individual SLs did not. SLs were more stable in the force-enhanced, isometric state following active stretching compared with the isometric reference state. We also found that SL instability was not correlated with the rate of change of SL non-uniformity. Also, SL non-uniformity was not different in the isometric and the post-stretch isometric contractions. We conclude that since SL is more stable but similarly non-uniform in the force-enhanced compared with the corresponding isometric reference contraction, it appears unlikely that either SL instability or SL non-uniformity contribute to the residual force enhancement property of skeletal muscle.
A method for automatically building and evaluating dictionary resources
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2002
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: This paper describes a method toward automatically building dictionaries from text. We present DEFINDER, a rule-based system for extraction of definitions from on-line consumer-oriented medical articles. We provide an extensive evaluation on three dimensions: i) performance of the definition extraction technique in terms of precision and recall, ii) quality of the built dictionary as judged both by specialists and lay users, iii) coverage of existing on-line dictionaries. The corpus we used for the study is publicly available. A major contribution of the paper is the range of quantitative and qualitative evaluation methods.
Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation systems
Creators: name: Regassa E. Namara
name: Hope, Lesley
name: Sarpong, Eric Owusu
name: Fraiture, Charlotte De
name: Owusu, Diana
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Adoption of water lifting technologies for agricultural production in Ghana: implications for investments in smallholder irrigation systems
Typische Muster bei der DSL-Implementierung unter Verwendung von geordneten Attributgrammatiken
Creators: name: Berg, Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Attributierte Grammatik
subject: Übersetzerbau
subject: Domänenspezifische Programmiersprache
subject: 004

description: Für die Spezifikation der Sprachsemantik gibt es verschiedene Lösungsansätze, die jeweils nur eine der folgenden Eigenschaften bieten: entweder die Sprachspezifikation ist kompakt oder der generierte Übersetzer ist performant bzw. schnell. Sollen schnelle Übersetzer mit kompakter Spezifikation entwickelt werden, gibt es dafür bisher noch keine Lösung. Diese Arbeit stellt eine Methode vor, die dies leistet, indem von Attributgrammatiken - eine der Standardlösungen aus dem Übersetzerbau - abstrahiert wird. Diese Abstraktion wird formal definiert und es wird bewiesen, dass wichtige Eigenschaften, wie Zerlegbarkeit und die Fähigkeit der Komposition, eingehalten werden und anhand einer Reihe von Beispielen gezeigt, dass die Spezifikation wesentlich kompakter als Attributgrammatiken sind und der resultierende Übersetzer ähnlich schnell arbeitet.
description: There are different solutions to specify the semantics of a (programming) language, each offering only one of the following: the specification is compact or the generated compiler is fast. There does not exist a solution for specifying a fast compiler in a compact way. This work presents a method achieving this by abstracting away from attribute grammars - one of the standard solutions to specify language semantics. This abstraction is formally defined and various important properties, like partitionability or composability, are proven to hold. Using various examples from the literature it is shown that the specification is much more compact than regular attribute grammars and the resulting compiler is of similar speed.
DEFINDER: Rule-Based Methods for the Extraction of Medical Terminology and their Associated Definitions from On-line Text
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: The problem addressed in this paper concerns the automatic identification and extraction of medical terms along with their definitions and modifiers from full text consumer-oriented medical articles. The system, DEFINDER (Definition Finder), uses rule-based techniques. The output of our system can be used in several applications: creation and/or enhancement of on-line terminological resources, summarization and text categorization according to level of expertise, e. g. lay vs. technical.
Application of SWAT and a groundwater model for impact assessment of agricultural water management interventions in Jaldhaka watershed: data and set up of models
Creators: name: Devaraj De Condappa
name: Barron, Jennie
name: Sat Kumar Tomer
name: Muddu, Sekhar
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Application of SWAT and a groundwater model for impact assessment of agricultural water management interventions in Jaldhaka watershed: data and set up of models
Model Specifications for Estimating Labor Market Returns to Associate Degrees: How Robust Are Fixed Effects Estimates?
Creators: name: Belfield, Clive
name: Bailey, Thomas R.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Labor market
Community colleges
Community college students
Community college students--Economic conditions

description: Recently, studies have adopted fixed effects modeling to identify the returns to college. This method has the advantage over ordinary least squares estimates in that unobservable, individual-level characteristics that may bias the estimated returns are differenced out. But the method requires extensive longitudinal data and involves complex specifications, raising the possibility that results are sensitive either to sample restrictions or to alternative specifications. Also, the extra requirements might not be justified if results from fixed effects models are broadly similar to those from conventional ordinary least squares models. In this paper the authors review results from fixed effects models of the earnings gains from completing an associate degree relative to non-completion for community college students. The authors examine both sampling restrictions and specification issues. Results are sensitive to assumptions about missing earnings data and to how time trend specifications are modeled. However, the authors find no substantively meaningful differences between estimates using fixed effects models and ordinary least squares methods. A main benefit of fixed effects models—controlling for unobservable student characteristics—should be weighed against the difficulty in interpreting coefficients and more intensive data requirements. On the other hand, a distinct advantage of fixed effects models is that they allow for analysis of earning profiles over the period from before to after college. Given the large fluctuations in earnings over this period, this advantage may be significant in yielding evidence on the full returns to college.
Meson Production in Proton-Proton Collisions in the Naive Non-Abelianization Approximation and the Role of Infrared Renormalons
Creators: name: Ahmadov, A. I.
name: Nagiyev, Sh. M.
name: Dadashov, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the "naive non-abelianization" (NNA) contributions of the higher-twist Feynman diagrams to the large-$p_T$ inclusive pion production cross section in proton-proton collisions in the case of the running coupling and frozen coupling approaches. We compare the resummed "naive non-abelianization" higher-twist cross sections with the ones obtained in the framework of the frozen coupling approach and leading-twist cross section. The structure of infrared renormalon singularities of the higher twist subprocess cross section and it's resummed expression are found. We discuss the phenomenological consequences of possible higher-twist contributions to the pion production in proton-proton collisions in within NNA.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Spectroscopic Study of Habitable Environments on Mars
Creators: name: Bowden, Donald L.
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In the recent decades, surface and orbital missions to Mars have developed our understanding of the planet’s geological and environmental history. We now have strong evidence that Mars supported habitable environments in the Noachian and early Hesperian Periods. Much of this information has been developed using spectroscopic techniques; modern surface missions to Mars commonly feature a range of passive and active spectrometers among their instrument suites, and orbital satellites also use reflectance spectroscopy to determine compositions of observed terrain. This thesis covers analysis of spectroscopic data from the Mars Science Laboratory mission, in particular the ChemCam laser induced breakdown spectrometer on board the Curiosity rover. In addition, data is presented from a terrestrial Mars analogue study using Raman spectroscopy; Raman spectroscopy has newly been deployed on Mars by the Mars 2020 mission and will be used by the upcoming ExoMars Rosalind Franklin rover to continue the search for signs of life on Mars. Data from the Curiosity rover is used to analyse the Askival float sample. This sample has characteristic textures of a feldspar cumulate rock but has been significantly altered to the point where the feldspar phase has been heavily replaced by opaline silica. This alteration was likely the result of exposure to low-temperature fluids of changing pH. Askival’s origin as a feldspathic cumulate may be representative of buried felsic material in the surrounding crater rim. I also examine ChemCam data from the Glen Torridon region of Gale crater. This region is notable for the confirmation of carbonate minerals by the CheMin mineralogy instrument. ChemCam data indicates that the CheMin drilled samples are geochemically representative of the broader bedrock and therefore the carbonate is likely to be widespread throughout the region and not associated with isolated diagenetic alteration. The Glen Torridon sediments record a sabkha environment with periodic flooding and evaporation. Later acidic alteration may be responsible for removing carbonate, leading to the observed “patchy” distribution. Raman spectroscopy results are presented on basaltic sediments from Þórisjökull, Iceland, mixed with carbonate and phyllosilicate minerals. Both carbonate and phyllosilicate are resolvable in the Raman spectra below 5% bulk weight. Possible mineralogical misidentifications that present risks to analysis of mixed samples of the type that may be found at the planned Oxia Planum ExoMars landing site are examined in the context of these results. In combination, this analysis further expand the record of fluid events in Gale crater, whilst demonstrating the ability of Raman spectroscopy to assist in the detection of mineral evidence for fluid alteration and diagenesis.
The Microwave Air Yield Beam Experiment (MAYBE): measurement of GHz radiation for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays detection
Creators: name: Monasor, M.
name: Bohacova, M.
name: Bonifazi, C.
name: Cataldi, G.
name: Chemerisov, S.
name: Neto, J. R. T. De Mello
name: Luis, P. Facal San
name: Fox, B.
name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Hojvat, C.
name: Hollon, N.
name: Meyhandan, R.
name: Reyes, L. C.
name: D'Orfeuil, B. Rouille
name: Santos, E. M.
name: Pochez, J.
name: Privitera, P.
name: Spinka, H.
name: Verzi, V.
name: Williams, C.
name: Zhou, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present first measurements by MAYBE of microwave emission from an electron beam induced air plasma, performed at the electron Van de Graaff facility of the Argonne National Laboratory. Coherent radio Cherenkov, a major background in a previous beam experiment, is not produced by the 3 MeV beam, which simplifies the interpretation of the data. Radio emission is studied over a wide range of frequencies between 3 and 12 GHz. This measurement provides further insight on microwave emission from extensive air showers as a novel detection technique for Ultra-High Energy Cosmic Rays.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, published in the proceedings of 32nd International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC)
Evaluation of automatically identified index terms for browsing electronic documents
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Evans, David K.
name: Wacholder, Nina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We present an evaluation of domainindependent natural language tools for use in the identification of significant concepts in documents. Using qualitative evaluation, we compare three shallow processing methods for extracting index terms, i.e., terms that can be used to model the content of documents. We focus on two criteria: quality and coverage. In terms of quality alone, our results show that technical term (TT) extraction [Justeson and Katz 1995] receives the highest rating. However, in terms of a combined quality and coverage metric, the Head Sorting (HS) method, described in [Wacholder 1998], outperforms both other methods, keyword (KW) and TT.
Correlation between Voronoi volumes in disc packings
Creators: name: Zhao, Song-Chuan
name: Sidle, Stacy
name: Swinney, Harry L.
name: Schröter, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the two-point correlation of free Voronoi volumes in binary disc packings, where the packing fraction $ϕ_{\rm avg}$ ranges from 0.8175 to 0.8380. We observe short-ranged correlations over the whole range of $ϕ_{\rm avg}$ and anti-correlations for $ϕ_{\rm avg}>0.8277$. The spatial extent of the anti-correlation increases with $ϕ_{\rm avg}$ while the position of the maximum of the anti-correlation and the extent of the positive correlation shrink with $ϕ_{\rm avg}$. We conjecture that the onset of anti-correlation corresponds to dilatancy onset in this system.
Document Processing with LinkIT
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Evans, David K.
name: Wacholder, Nina
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We present a linguistically-motivated technique for the recognition and grouping of simplex noun phrases (SNPs) called LinkIT. Our system has two key features: (1) we efficiently gather minimal NPs, i.e. SNPs, as precisely and linguistically defined and motivated in our paper ; (2) we apply a refined set of postprocessing rules to these SNPs to link them within a document. The identification of SNPs is performed using a finite state machine compiled from a regular expression grammar, and the process of ranking the candidate significant topics uses frequency information that is gathered in a single pass through the document. We evaluated the NP identification component of LinkIT and found that it outperformed other NP chunkers in precision and recall. The system is currently used in several applications which are described, such as web page characterization and multi-document summarization.
Jet energy measurement with the ATLAS detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jet energy scale (JES) and its systematic uncertainty are determined for jets measured with the ATLAS detector at the LHC in proton-proton collision data at a centre-of-mass energy of sqrt(s) = 7 TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 38 inverse pb. Jets are reconstructed with the anti-kt algorithm with distance parameters R=0.4 or R=0.6. Jet energy and angle corrections are determined from Monte Carlo simulations to calibrate jets with transverse momenta pt > 20 GeV and pseudorapidities eta<4.5. The JES systematic uncertainty is estimated using the single isolated hadron response measured in situ and in test-beams. The JES uncertainty is less than 2.5% in the central calorimeter region (eta<0.8) for jets with 60 < pt < 800 GeV, and is maximally 14% for pt < 30 GeV in the most forward region 3.2 50 GeV after a dedicated correction for this effect. The JES is validated for jet transverse momenta up to 1 TeV to the level of a few percent using several in situ techniques by comparing a well-known reference such as the recoiling photon pt, the sum of the transverse momenta of tracks associated to the jet, or a system of low-pt jets recoiling against a high-pt jet. More sophisticated jet calibration schemes are presented based on calorimeter cell energy density weighting or hadronic properties of jets, providing an improved jet energy resolution and a reduced flavour dependence of the jet response. The JES systematic uncertainty determined from a combination of in situ techniques are consistent with the one derived from single hadron response measurements over a wide kinematic range. The nominal corrections and uncertainties are derived for isolated jets in an inclusive sample of high-pt jets.
description: 100 pages plus author list (111 pages total), 93 figures, 17 tables, submitted to European Physical Journal C
Predictors of Depression and Anxiety in Mothers of Moderate and Late Preterm Infants in Level II Neonatal Intensive Care Units
Creators: name: Kearl, Julie
Publisher: name: Nursing
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: depression, anxiety, postpartum, mothers, moderate and late preterm infants
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Postpartum depression (PPD) and postpartum anxiety (PPA) affect up to 19% and 17% of women, respectively. In mothers of preterm infants, depression (68%) and anxiety (72%) symptoms may be increased due to the stressful neonatal intensive care (NICU) environment. In 2015, 8.7% of infants, born in Alberta, were born preterm requiring hospitalization in the NICU, with 86% categorized as moderate or late preterms. Preterm birth, together with PPD and PPA, may have serious consequences for mother and infant outcomes. This observational correlational study included 197 mothers with data collected at admission and discharge from the NICU. The aim was to explore the prevalence, time course, comorbidity and predictors of postpartum maternal depression and anxiety in the moderate and late preterm population. Mothers reported depression (18%) and anxiety (42%) symptoms at admission to the NICU, a slight decrease of symptoms from admission to discharge, comorbidity of depression and anxiety symptoms with no identifiable maternal, infant, or pregnancy-related risk factors on the admission survey for depression or anxiety symptoms. These results suggest that universal screening may be critical for early identification of PPA and PPD. Psychological support and evidence-based interventions have the potential to decrease maternal depression and anxiety to improve long-term outcomes of mother and infant.
title: The Politics of the EU Anti-Corruption Movements
Creators: name: Hoxhaj, Andi
Publisher: name: Forum Transregionale Studien e.V.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Vertrag über die Arbeitsweise der Europäischen Union
subject: Korruption
subject: 94
subject: 340.09

description: The working paper evaluates the EU’s anti-corruption framework and is divided into three parts. The first explains the EU's attempt to develop a separate anti-corruption policy. The second highlights the heights of the EU anti-corruption policy when it adopted the EU Anti-Corruption Report 2014 and the goal of developing a European-wide anti-corruption framework through reporting mechanisms. The third part discusses the demise of the EU’s efforts and makes proposals on how it could improve its anti-corruption framework in the future. Keywords: Corruption, Crime, Cooperation and Verification Mechanism, EU Anti-Corruption Report, Rule of Law
description: Working Papers, Forum Transregionale Studien, vol. 17/2023
GIST-IT: Summarizing Email Using Linguistic Knowledge and Machine
Creators: name: Klavans, Judith L.
name: Muresan, Smaranda
name: Tzoukermann, Evelyne
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Computer science
Information technology

description: We present a system for the automatic extraction of salient information from email messages, thus providing the gist of their meaning. Dealing with email raises several challenges that we address in this paper: heterogeneous data in terms of length and topic. Our method combines shallow linguistic processing with machine learning to extract phrasal units that are representative of email content. The GIST-IT application is fully implemented and embedded in an active mailbox platform. Evaluation was performed over three machine learning paradigms.
Equilibrium concentration profiles and sedimentation kinetics of colloidal gels under gravitational stress
Creators: name: Buzzaccaro, Stefano
name: Secchi, Eleonora
name: Brambilla, Giovanni
name: Piazza, R.
name: Cipelletti, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sedimentation of colloidal gels by using a combination of light scattering, polarimetry and video imaging. The asymptotic concentration profiles $φ(z,t\rightarrow \infty)$ exhibit remarkable scaling properties: profiles for gels prepared at different initial volume fractions and particle interactions can be superimposed onto a single master curve by using suitable reduced variables. We show theoretically that this behavior stems from a power law dependence of the compressive elastic modulus \textit{vs} $φ$, which we directly test experimentally. The sedimentation kinetics comprises an initial latency stage, followed by a rapid collapse where the gel height $h$ decreases at constant velocity, and a final compaction stage characterized by a stretched exponential relaxation of $h$ towards a plateau. Analogies and differences with previous works are briefly discussed.
description: This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article accepted for publication in Journal of Physics Condensed Matter. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The definitive publisher-authenticated version will be available online
This too, too solid flesh : the representation of Ono no Komachi as an old woman in Noh plays
Creators: name: Murphy, Anthea Lea
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Ono no Komachi, the ninth century Heian poet, features in five Noh plays from the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries that are still in the repertory, the most of any woman, as her reputation for skill in poetry and the many legends about her made her an excellent choice for a main character. Most of the plays overtly feature poetry as a main theme, while often depicting her as an old woman. These plays pick up on themes which were already common in the legends about Komachi, including her destitution in old age and her use as a symbol of mujō, or impermanence. However, the ways they deal with these themes differ considerably from their precedents. This thesis examines three plays, Sotoba Komachi, Sekidera Komachi, and Ōmu Komachi, that deal with Komachi as an old woman and the ways in which they construct the relationship between women’s bodies, their poetry, and medieval Japanese Buddhism. Far from being celebrations of Komachi’s skill, the plays in fact control, degrade, and otherwise marginalize Komachi’s poetry through constructing her body as vulnerable, powerless and incapable, and controlling her relationship to areas and people of poetic power, particularly Tamatsushima shrine, the capital, and Sotoori-hime. By examining the revisions and changes made by the playwrights to the sources used in the plays, the thesis suggests that these three plays create a Komachi who acts as symbol of the impermanence of women’s poetry and of poetry-based social mobility for women.
title: Социальная педагогика
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: Учебное пособие представляет собой курс лекций, входит в учебно-методический комплекс дисциплины, разработанный в соответствии с требованиями СУОС ВО, содержит лекционный материал, вопросы и задания по теме, список рекомендуемой литературы и глоссарий. Лекции ориентируют студентов на всестороннее и системное изучение теоретических и технологических аспектов социальной педагогики. Рекомендовано бакалаврам, обучающимся по направлению 39.03.02 Социальная работа.