cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sound propagation in a Bose-Fermi mixture: from weak to strong interactions
Creators: name: Patel, Krutik
name: Cai, Geyue
name: Ando, Henry
name: Chin, Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle-like excitations, or quasi-particles, emerging from interacting fermionic and bosonic quantum fields underlie many intriguing quantum phenomena in high energy and condensed matter systems. Computation of the properties of these excitations is frequently intractable in the strong interaction regime. Quantum degenerate Bose-Fermi mixtures offer promising prospects to elucidate the physics of such quasi-particles. In this work, we investigate phonon propagation in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate immersed in a degenerate Fermi gas with interspecies scattering length $a_\text{BF}$ tuned by a Feshbach resonance. We observe sound mode softening with moderate attractive interactions. For even greater attraction, surprisingly, stable sound propagation re-emerges and persists across the resonance. The stability of phonons with resonant interactions opens up opportunities to investigate novel Bose-Fermi liquids and fermionic pairing in the strong interaction regime.
Housing and Indigenous People Living with a Disability: Lived Experiences of Housing and Community Infrastructure
Creators: name: Beilby, Justin
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Health and community services

description: This research aims to shed much needed light on the nexus between lived experiences of disability and housing among Indigenous Australians in order to inform how the NDIS could best meet the needs of this overlooked group within the population.
Epitaxial Kagome Thin Films as a Platform for Topological Flat Bands
Creators: name: Cheng, Shuyu
name: Nrisimhamurty, M.
name: Zhou, Tong
name: Bagues, Nuria
name: Zhou, Wenyi
name: Bishop, Alexander J.
name: Lyalin, Igor
name: Jozwiak, Chris
name: Bostwick, Aaron
name: Rotenberg, Eli
name: McComb, David W.
name: Zutic, Igor
name: Kawakami, Roland K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems with flat bands are ideal for studying strongly correlated electronic states and related phenomena. Among them, kagome-structured metals such as CoSn have been recognized as promising candidates due to the proximity between the flat bands and the Fermi level. A key next step will be to realize epitaxial kagome thin films with flat bands to enable tuning of the flat bands across the Fermi level via electrostatic gating or strain. Here we report the band structures of epitaxial CoSn thin films grown directly on insulating substrates. Flat bands are observed using synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). The band structure is consistent with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, and the transport properties are quantitatively explained by the band structure and semiclassical transport theory. Our work paves the way to realize flat band-induced phenomena through fine-tuning of flat bands in kagome materials.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures
Semileptonic decays of $B (B_s)$ to light tensor mesons
Creators: name: Khosravi, R.
name: Sadeghi, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semileptonic $B_s (B) \to K_2^*(a_2, f_2) \ellν$, $\ell=τ, μ$ transitions are investigated in the frame work of the three-point QCD sum rules. Considering the quark condensate contributions, the relevant form factors of these transitions are estimated. The branching ratios of these channel modes are also calculated and compared with the obtained data for other approaches.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
GeneMask: Fast Pretraining of Gene Sequences to Enable Few-Shot Learning
Creators: name: Roy, Soumyadeep
name: Wallat, Jonas
name: Sundaram, Sowmya S
name: Nejdl, Wolfgang
name: Ganguly, Niloy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large-scale language models such as DNABert and LOGO aim to learn optimal gene representations and are trained on the entire Human Reference Genome. However, standard tokenization schemes involve a simple sliding window of tokens like k-mers that do not leverage any gene-based semantics and thus may lead to (trivial) masking of easily predictable sequences and subsequently inefficient Masked Language Modeling (MLM) training. Therefore, we propose a novel masking algorithm, GeneMask, for MLM training of gene sequences, where we randomly identify positions in a gene sequence as mask centers and locally select the span around the mask center with the highest Normalized Pointwise Mutual Information (NPMI) to mask. We observe that in the absence of human-understandable semantics in the genomics domain (in contrast, semantic units like words and phrases are inherently available in NLP), GeneMask-based models substantially outperform the SOTA models (DNABert and LOGO) over four benchmark gene sequence classification datasets in five few-shot settings (10 to 1000-shot). More significantly, the GeneMask-based DNABert model is trained for less than one-tenth of the number of epochs of the original SOTA model. We also observe a strong correlation between top-ranked PMI tokens and conserved DNA sequence motifs, which may indicate the incorporation of latent genomic information. The codes (including trained models) and datasets are made publicly available at https://github.com/roysoumya/GeneMask.
description: 12 pages including appendix. Accepted for publication at 26th European Conference on Artificial Intelligence ECAI 2023
Structuring a conceptual model for cost effectiveness analysis of frailty interventions
Creators: name: Afzali, Hossein Haji Ali
name: Karnon, Jonathan
name: Theou, Olga
name: Beilby, Justin
name: Cesari, Matteo
name: Visvanathan, Renuka
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified
Aged health care

description: Background Frailty is a major health issue which impacts the life of older people, posing a significant challenge to the health system. One of the key emerging areas is the development of frailty interventions to halt or reverse the progression of the condition. In many countries, economic evidence is required to inform public funding decisions for such interventions, and cost-effectiveness models are needed to estimate long-term costs and effects. Such models should capture current clinical understanding of frailty, its progression and its health consequences. The objective of this paper is to present a conceptual model of frailty that can be used to inform the development of a cost-effectiveness model to evaluate frailty interventions. Methods After critical analysis of the clinical and economic literature, a Delphi study consisting of experts from the disciplines of clinical medicine and epidemiology was undertaken to inform the key components of the conceptual model. We also identified relevant databases that can be used to populate and validate the model. Results A list of significant health states/events for which frailty is a strong independent risk factor was identified (e.g., hip fracture, hospital admission, delirium, death). We also identified a list of important patient attributes that may influence disease progression (e.g., age, gender, previous hospital admissions, depression). A number of large-scale relevant databases were also identified to populate and validate the cost-effectiveness model. Face validity of model structure was confirmed by experts. Discussion and conclusions The proposed conceptual model is being used as a basis for developing a new cost-effectiveness model to estimate lifetime costs and outcomes associated with a range of frailty interventions. Using an appropriate model structure, which more accurately reflects the natural history of frailty, will improve model transparency and accuracy. This will ultimately lead to better informed public funding decisions around interventions to manage frailty.
Heavy Neutral Leptons -- Advancing into the PeV domain
Creators: name: Urquía-Calderón, Kevin A.
name: Timiryasov, Inar
name: Ruchayskiy, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heavy neutral leptons (HNLs) are hypothetical particles able to explain neutrino oscillations and provide a mechanism for generating the baryon asymmetry of the Universe. Quantum corrections due to such particles give rise to flavor violating processes in the charged lepton sector. Based on the fact that these corrections grow with HNL masses, we improve existing constraints by orders of magnitude in mass and mixing angle. This allows us to probe part of the parameter space of leptogenesis with multi-TeV HNLs. We also show that one will be able to infer HNL parameters in a significant portion of the parameter space for TeV-PeV masses if charged lepton flavor violating signals are detected.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures. Updated to JHEP version
Internet of Things Architecture Design and Implementation for Immersive Interfaces
Creators: name: Belmonte, Javier
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Digital processor architectures
Other information and computing sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The coming of the Internet of things (IoT) has enabled manufacturers, teachers, machine operators, makers, and researchers to design and use new workflows, fabricate parts efficiently and effectively, and interact with systems and devices in ways that were not possible before.These networked systems have changed the way in which input is received from and data is outputted to humans. Context-awareness and autonomy are characteristics of these devices that result in automated processes, faster production times, and more intuitive interfaces. Direct manipulation is an intuitive and natural human-computer interaction (HCI) that enables its users an easy and fast learning.In this thesis, an Internet of things architecture is designed and implemented to enable control and data visualization in machines and devices through immersive interfaces using direct manipulation. The proposed architecture and interfaces are tested and validated approaching three different categories of systems; namely, systems that need to be modified to be IoT ready, systems that are IoT ready, and systems that have not yet been constructed. For the latter case, a custom system has been made to evaluate and test the whole architecture and its implementation. The knowledge acquired in developing this architecture and the design rationale behind the development of immersive interfaces, are summarized and presented as a series of guidelines and recommendations for IoT systems manufacturers to follow to include immersive interfaces in their designs.
Structuring a conceptual model for cost effectiveness analysis of frailty interventions
Creators: name: Afzali, Hossein Haji Ali
name: Karnon, Jonathan
name: Theou, Olga
name: Beilby, Justin
name: Cesari, Matteo
name: Visvanathan, Renuka
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2020
Subjects: Public health not elsewhere classified

description: Background Frailty is a major health issue which impacts the life of older people, posing a significant challenge to the health system. One of the key emerging areas is the development of frailty interventions to halt or reverse the progression of the condition. In many countries, economic evidence is required to inform public funding decisions for such interventions, and cost-effectiveness models are needed to estimate long-term costs and effects. Such models should capture current clinical understanding of frailty, its progression and its health consequences. The objective of this paper is to present a conceptual model of frailty that can be used to inform the development of a cost-effectiveness model to evaluate frailty interventions. Methods After critical analysis of the clinical and economic literature, a Delphi study consisting of experts from the disciplines of clinical medicine and epidemiology was undertaken to inform the key components of the conceptual model. We also identified relevant databases that can be used to populate and validate the model. Results A list of significant health states/events for which frailty is a strong independent risk factor was identified (e.g., hip fracture, hospital admission, delirium, death). We also identified a list of important patient attributes that may influence disease progression (e.g., age, gender, previous hospital admissions, depression). A number of large-scale relevant databases were also identified to populate and validate the cost-effectiveness model. Face validity of model structure was confirmed by experts. Discussion and conclusions The proposed conceptual model is being used as a basis for developing a new cost-effectiveness model to estimate lifetime costs and outcomes associated with a range of frailty interventions. Using an appropriate model structure, which more accurately reflects the natural history of frailty, will improve model transparency and accuracy. This will ultimately lead to better informed public funding decisions around interventions to manage frailty.
Nonperturbative gravity corrections to bulk reconstruction
Creators: name: Gesteau, Elliott
name: Kang, Monica Jinwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a new algebraic framework for understanding nonperturbative gravitational aspects of bulk reconstruction with a finite or infinite-dimensional boundary Hilbert space. We use relative entropy equivalence between bulk and boundary with an inclusion of nonperturbative gravitational errors, which give rise to approximate recovery. We utilize the privacy/correctability correspondence to prove that the reconstruction wedge, the intersection of all entanglement wedges in pure and mixed states, manifestly satisfies bulk reconstruction. We explicitly demonstrate that local operators in the reconstruction wedge of a given boundary region can be recovered in a state-independent way for arbitrarily large code subspaces, up to nonperturbative errors in $G_N$. We further discuss state-dependent recovery beyond the reconstruction wedge and the use of the twirled Petz map as a universal recovery channel. We discuss our setup in the context of quantum islands and the information paradox.
description: 35 pages + references
Utilisation of general practice health assessments around an aged care assessment is associated with lower mortality risk in older Australians
Creators: name: Beilby, Justin
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: Objective: (i) to describe the general practitioner utilisation of health assessments, management plans, coordination of team care arrangements and medication review item numbers within 6 months of an aged care eligibility assessment for home care packages (HCP) and (ii) investigate the impact of health assessments on the risk of mortality and entry into permanent residential aged care (PRAC) of individuals accessing HCP. Design and setting: Retrospective cohort study utilising data from the Registry of Senior Australians (ROSA) was conducted. Subjects: 75,172 individuals aged ≥75 years who received HCP between 2011 and 2015. Outcome measure: For objective 1: The use of comprehensive assessments (Medicare Benefits Schedule (MBS) items 705 or 707), management plans (MBS 721), coordination of team care arrangements (MBS 723), and medication reviews (MBS 900). For objective 2: Time to death and entry into PRAC. Results: Of the 75,172 individuals, 28.2% (95% confidence interval (CI): 27.8-8.5%) had comprehensive assessments, 36.7% (95% CI: 36.3-37.0%) had management plans, 33.0% (95% CI: 32.7-33.3%) received coordination of team care arrangements and 5.4% (95% CI: 5.2-5.5%) had medication reviews. Individuals with a comprehensive assessment had a 5% lower risk of mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR), 95% CI = 0.95, 0.92-0.98) but 5% higher risk of transition to PRAC (adjusted subdistribution HRs, 95% CI = 1.05, 1.02-1.08) compared to those who did not have these services. Conclusion: The utilisation of health assessments was associated with a lower risk of mortality. There is an opportunity for increased use of item numbers in frailer individuals.
Inverse Primakoff Scattering for Axionlike Particle Coupling
Creators: name: Wu, C. -P.
name: Liu, C. -P.
name: C., Greeshma
name: Singh, L.
name: Chen, J. -W.
name: Chi, H. -C.
name: Pandey, M. K.
name: Wong, H. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Axionlike particles (ALPs) can be produced in the Sun, and are considered viable candidates for the cosmological dark matter (DM). It can decay into two photons or interact with matter. We identify new inelastic channels of inverse Primakoff processes due to atomic excitation and ionization. Their cross sections are derived by incorporating full electromagnetic fields of atomic charge and current densities, and computed by well-benchmarked atomic many-body methods. Complementing data from the underground XENONnT and surface TEXONO experiments are analyzed. Event rates and sensitivity reaches are evaluated with respect to solar- and DM-ALPs. New parameter space in ALP couplings with the photons versus ALP masses in (1~eV$-$10~keV) not previously accessible to laboratory experiments are probed and excluded with solar-ALPs. However, at regions where DM-ALPs have already decayed, there would be no ALP-flux and hence no interactions at the detectors in direct search experiments. No physics constraints can be derived. Future projects would be able to evade the stability bound and open new observable windows in (100~eV$-$1~MeV) for DM-ALPs.
description: 1 table, 12 figures, V2 Published Version
General dynamics of tensor polarization of particles and nuclei in external fields
Creators: name: Silenko, Alexander J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The tensor polarization of particles and nuclei becomes constant in the coordinate system rotating with the same angular velocity as the spin and rotates in the lab frame with the above angular velocity. The general equation defining the time dependence of the tensor polarization is derived. An explicit form of dynamics of this polarization is found in the case when the initial polarization is axially symmetric.
description: 12 pages
Near-term quantum algorithm for computing molecular and materials properties based on recursive variational series methods
Creators: name: Jensen, Phillip W. K.
name: Johnson, Peter D.
name: Kunitsa, Alexander A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the properties of molecules and materials is one of the premier applications of quantum computing. A major question in the field is: how might we use imperfect near-term quantum computers to solve problems of practical value? We propose a quantum algorithm to estimate the properties of molecules using near-term quantum devices. The method is a recursive variational series estimation method, where we expand an operator of interest in terms of Chebyshev polynomials and evaluate each term in the expansion using a variational quantum algorithm. We test our method by computing the one-particle Green's function in the energy domain and the autocorrelation function in the time domain.
description: 16+10 pages, 3 figures; comments welcome
D2.4 – REPORT ON ePLANET CLUSTERING GOVERNANCE (First Version)
Creators: name: CHÀFER, Marta
name: GRANOLLERS, Josep Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Energy Transition
Sustainable Energy Action Plans
SEAPs
Sustainable Energy Actions and Climate Plans
SECAPs
Public Authorities
Local and Regional governments
Municipalities
Governance
Green energy adoption
Data harmonization

description: The ePLANET project is a Coordination and Support Action cofounded by the European Commission through Horizon 2020 program. This project aims to reframe the current governance model and design and establish a new clustering governance model to facilitate the deployment of energy transition projects, creating and improving coordination between different municipalities acting together. This needs to be based on a digital framework to share harmonised information, facilitating the adoption of coordinated energy transition actions by the European public sector. All these targeted objectives will give the needed support for the energy transition decision-making process and its practical implementation. Considering the outcomes from the T2.1 and T2.2, this document aims to design a new clustering governance methodology and specifications of the deployment procedures. Moreover, this document will define new figures and the definition of their roles, responsibilities and skills to be provided, depending on the public authority level. The methodology followed to carry out this deliverable is based on meetings with the pilot site partners and through specific surveys. The three pilot regions, the island of Crete in Greece, the Zlín region in the Czech Republic and the province of Girona in Catalonia, have been consulted to understand how they implement ET projects and what mechanisms they have to achieve. This document is the draft version, just the first steps in understanding the governance in the three pilot areas and a first glimpse and approach to clustering governance. This document analyses and explains how each pilot region is currently governed and who makes it happen. The focus is on what we consider is the main tool for the Energy transition, which are the energy plans. Those Plans are performed by the different public authorities, whether they follow or not, the CoM methodology. This first draft has a submission date for M10; however, a final version needs extra time and dedication to design the governance strategies validating the first identification of figures and a final and definitive governance structure and methodology. This final version has a submission date on month 20, April 30th 2023.
Older adults' understandings and perspectives on frailty in community and residential aged care: an interpretive description
Creators: name: Ambagtsheer, Rachel
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: OBJECTIVES: Despite growing interest in frailty as a significant public health challenge, comparatively little is known about how older adults perceive and experience frailty, limiting the effectiveness of strategies to improve frailty management and prevention. The objective of this study was to understand how older people, including frail older persons in residential aged care, perceive and understand frailty through an interpretive-descriptive qualitative study. SETTING: Aged care facility, community-based university for older persons and an aged care auxiliary care group in a large metropolitan centre in South Australia. PARTICIPANTS: 39 non-frail, prefrail, frail and very frail South Australian older adults. METHODS: Seven focus groups were conducted. Participants completed one of two frailty instruments depending on setting and indicated whether they self-identified as frail. Data were analysed inductively and thematically by two independent investigators. RESULTS: Frailty was described according to three schemas of (1) the old and frail: a static state near the end of life; (2) frailty at any age: a disability model; and (3) frailty as a loss of independence: control, actions and identity. In addition, a theme was identifying linking mindset, cognition and emotion to frailty. The term frailty was viewed negatively and was often implicated with personal choice. There was little correlation between frailty assessments and whether participants self-identified as frail. CONCLUSIONS: Aside from a disability model, views of frailty as unmodifiable permeated older persons' diverse perspectives on frailty and are likely to impact health behaviours. To our knowledge, this is among the largest qualitative studies examining consumer perceptions of frailty and contributes a clinically relevant schema linking age, prevention and modifiability from a consumer perspective.
CLAMP: Prompt-based Contrastive Learning for Connecting Language and Animal Pose
Creators: name: Zhang, Xu
name: Wang, Wen
name: Chen, Zhe
name: Xu, Yufei
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Tao, Dacheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Animal pose estimation is challenging for existing image-based methods because of limited training data and large intra- and inter-species variances. Motivated by the progress of visual-language research, we propose that pre-trained language models (e.g., CLIP) can facilitate animal pose estimation by providing rich prior knowledge for describing animal keypoints in text. However, we found that building effective connections between pre-trained language models and visual animal keypoints is non-trivial since the gap between text-based descriptions and keypoint-based visual features about animal pose can be significant. To address this issue, we introduce a novel prompt-based Contrastive learning scheme for connecting Language and AniMal Pose (CLAMP) effectively. The CLAMP attempts to bridge the gap by adapting the text prompts to the animal keypoints during network training. The adaptation is decomposed into spatial-aware and feature-aware processes, and two novel contrastive losses are devised correspondingly. In practice, the CLAMP enables the first cross-modal animal pose estimation paradigm. Experimental results show that our method achieves state-of-the-art performance under the supervised, few-shot, and zero-shot settings, outperforming image-based methods by a large margin.
description: CVPR2023
Bimetric gravity is cosmologically viable
Creators: name: Akrami, Yashar
name: Hassan, S. F.
name: Könnig, Frank
name: Schmidt-May, Angnis
name: Solomon, Adam R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bimetric theory describes gravitational interactions in the presence of an extra spin-2 field. Previous work has suggested that its cosmological solutions are generically plagued by instabilities. We show that by taking the Planck mass for the second metric, $M_f$, to be small, these instabilities can be pushed back to unobservably early times. In this limit, the theory approaches general relativity with an effective cosmological constant which is, remarkably, determined by the spin-2 interaction scale. This provides a late-time expansion history which is extremely close to $Λ$CDM, but with a technically-natural value for the cosmological constant. We find $M_f$ should be no larger than the electroweak scale in order for cosmological perturbations to be stable by big-bang nucleosynthesis. We further show that in this limit the helicity-0 mode is no longer strongly-coupled at low energy scales.
description: 8+2 pages, 2 tables. Version published in PLB. Minor typo corrections from v3
Bespoke Dual Resonance
Creators: name: Cheung, Clifford
name: Remmen, Grant N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dual resonance is one of the great miracles of string theory. At a fundamental level, it implies that the particles exchanged in different channels are subtly equivalent. Furthermore, it is inextricably linked to the property of exceptionally tame high-energy behavior. In this paper, we present explicit, closed-form expressions for a new class of dual resonant amplitudes describing an infinite tower of spins for an arbitrary mass spectrum. In particular, the input of our construction is a user-defined, fully customizable choice of masses. The resulting "bespoke" amplitudes are well behaved in the ultraviolet and analytic except at simple poles whose residues are polynomial in the momentum transfer, in accordance with locality. The absence of branch cuts can be seen using Newton's identities, but can also be made manifest by expressing the amplitudes as a simple dlog integral of the Veneziano amplitude that remaps the linear Regge trajectories of the string to a tunable spectrum. We identify open regions of parameter space that firmly deviate from string theory but nevertheless comport with partial wave unitarity. Last but not least, we generalize our construction to the scattering of any number of particles in terms of a dlog transform of the Koba-Nielsen worldsheet integral formula.
description: 36 pages, 3 figures
Understanding consumer perceptions of frailty screening to inform knowledge translation and health service improvements
Creators: name: Ambagtsheer, Rachel
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: Background and Objectives: Despite growing support for the clinical application of frailty, including regular frailty screening for older adults, little is known about how older adults perceive frailty screening. The purpose of this study was to examine older adults' perspectives on frailty screening to inform knowledge translation and health service improvements for older adults with frailty. Research Design: Interpretive descriptive qualitative design. Participants: A total of 39 non-frail (18%), pre-frail (33%) and frail or very frail (49%) South Australian older adults aged 62-99 years, sampled from community, assisted living and residential aged care settings. Methods: Seven focus groups were conducted and analysed by two independent investigators using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Three themes were identified. First, older adults question the necessity and logic of an objective frailty measure. Second, older adults believe any efforts at frailty screening need to culminate in an action.Third, older adults emphasise that frailty screening needs to be conducted sensitively given negative perceptions of the term frailty and the potential adverse effects of frailty labelling. Discussion and Implications: Previous screening experiences and underlying beliefs about the nature of frailty as inevitable shaped openness to, and acceptance of, frailty screening. Findings correspond with previous research illuminating the lack of public awareness of frailty and the nascent stage of frailty screening implementation. Incorporating consumer perspectives, along with perspectives of other stakeholder groups when considering implementing frailty screening, is likely to impact uptake and optimise suitability-important considerations in person-centred care provision.
Twinning Commercial Radio Waveforms in the Colosseum Wireless Network Emulator
Creators: name: Villa, Davide
name: Uvaydov, Daniel
name: Bonati, Leonardo
name: Johari, Pedram
name: Jornet, Josep Miquel
name: Melodia, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Because of the ever-growing amount of wireless consumers, spectrum-sharing techniques have been increasingly common in the wireless ecosystem, with the main goal of avoiding harmful interference to coexisting communication systems. This is even more important when considering systems, such as nautical and aerial fleet radars, in which incumbent radios operate mission-critical communication links. To study, develop, and validate these solutions, adequate platforms, such as the Colosseum wireless network emulator, are key as they enable experimentation with spectrum-sharing heterogeneous radio technologies in controlled environments. In this work, we demonstrate how Colosseum can be used to twin commercial radio waveforms to evaluate the coexistence of such technologies in complex wireless propagation environments. To this aim, we create a high-fidelity spectrum-sharing scenario on Colosseum to evaluate the impact of twinned commercial radar waveforms on a cellular network operating in the CBRS band. Then, we leverage IQ samples collected on the testbed to train a machine learning agent that runs at the base station to detect the presence of incumbent radar transmissions and vacate the bandwidth to avoid causing them harmful interference. Our results show an average detection accuracy of 88%, with accuracy above 90% in SNR regimes above 0 dB and SINR regimes above -20 dB, and with an average detection time of 137 ms.
description: 8 pages, 13 figures, 2 tables
Communicating with older adults with long-term conditions about self-management goals: A systematic review and thematic synthesis
Creators: name: Ambagtsheer, Rachel
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aged health care

description: Objective: To synthesise a body of fine-grained observational research on communication between healthcare professionals (HCPs), older adults, and carers regarding self-management goals and actions. Methods: We conducted a systematic review, searching nine electronic databases and the grey literature. Two reviewers independently selected for inclusion following a two-stage process and studies and discrepancies were resolved through consultation with the review team. Results: 898 records were retrieved, and eight studies were included in the review. Aggregative thematic analysis resulted in 13 categories of communication practices across three decision-making domains: (1) initiating: actions occurring prior to the commitment point; (2) proposing: putting forward a course of action; and (3) committing and closing: committing (or not) to the course of action. Conclusions: Despite an increasing emphasis on the importance of personalised care planning and shared decision-making (SDM) to support older people's health and wellbeing, HCPs did not consistently practice this approach and, in some cases, worked in opposition to it. Practice implications: We encourage HCPs to prepare older adults to engage actively with SDM and the goal setting process by employing patient-centred communication resources. These could assist with identifying different types of goals that are realistic and relevant to patients in daily life.
Unveiling Time-Varying Signals of Ultralight Bosonic Dark Matter at Collider and Beam Dump Experiments
Creators: name: Guo, Jinhui
name: He, Yuxuan
name: Liu, Jia
name: Wang, Xiao-Ping
name: Xie, Ke-Pan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ultralight boson represents a promising dark matter candidate exhibiting unique wave-like behaviors. These properties could transfer to the dark mediator, such as the kinetic mixing dark photon, which can be a link between the dark and Standard Model sectors, resulting in periodic oscillations of its mass. We propose a method to detect ultralight dark matter using dark mediators in collider and beam dump experiments, distinguishing it from conventional atomic, molecular, and optical methods. The time-varying nature of dark mediator mass exhibits a double-peak spectrum, reducing traditional constraints by 1 to 2 orders of magnitude, due to decreased luminosity exposure in each resonant mass bin. To enhance sensitivity, we utilize event time-stamps in the CMS Open Data and demonstrate that this technique boosts sensitivity by approximately one order of magnitude compared to the time-blind method. Moreover, it proves effective in detecting the invisible decay of the dark mediator.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, 1 table; v3: the analysis of CMS Open Data and Supplemental Materials added, matched to the journal version
Co-Designing Evidence-Based Videos in Health Care: A Case Exemplar of Developing Creative Knowledge Translation “Evidence-Experience” Resources
Creators: name: Ambagtsheer, Rachel
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Primary health care

description: Objective: Well-designed evidence-based resources that reflect participant experiences and priorities are imperative for informed consumer health decision-making and to combat the pervasive health misinformation existing today. Qualitative research data can inform the development of such resources, but the process of reconciling qualitative research data with other sources of evidence through co-design processes is not well described in the literature. In response to the need for such evidence-based materials and corresponding methodological guidance, we co-designed a series of video resources through transdisciplinary and community partnership. In this manuscript, we provide methodological insight into the process of collaborative co-design to improve the utilization of qualitative research evidence into evidence-based resources for the public. Methods: Following from a large qualitative research study, we engaged in a collaborative and creative co-design process involving a multi-stakeholder advisory group guided by Boyd's co-design framework. We explicate this process, drawing from a case exemplar of transdisci-plinary frailty research. Results: We utilized thematic qualitative data to co-produce: (i) an animation, (ii) a documentary-style video, (iii) a video vignette with key messages embedded in narratives of older adults, and (iv) a key-message video delivered by academic health researchers and clinicians. Discussion: The integration of experiential evidence of health care consumers with other sources of research evidence through co-design is an epistemological and procedural challenge with potential to improve public awareness, knowledge, and to support evidence-based decision making. Keywords arts based methods, case study, focus groups, interpretive description, methods in qualitative inquiry, mixed methods, virtual environments
Deep Learning Approaches on Image Captioning: A Review
Creators: name: Ghandi, Taraneh
name: Pourreza, Hamidreza
name: Mahyar, Hamidreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7; I.4

description: Image captioning is a research area of immense importance, aiming to generate natural language descriptions for visual content in the form of still images. The advent of deep learning and more recently vision-language pre-training techniques has revolutionized the field, leading to more sophisticated methods and improved performance. In this survey paper, we provide a structured review of deep learning methods in image captioning by presenting a comprehensive taxonomy and discussing each method category in detail. Additionally, we examine the datasets commonly employed in image captioning research, as well as the evaluation metrics used to assess the performance of different captioning models. We address the challenges faced in this field by emphasizing issues such as object hallucination, missing context, illumination conditions, contextual understanding, and referring expressions. We rank different deep learning methods' performance according to widely used evaluation metrics, giving insight into the current state of the art. Furthermore, we identify several potential future directions for research in this area, which include tackling the information misalignment problem between image and text modalities, mitigating dataset bias, incorporating vision-language pre-training methods to enhance caption generation, and developing improved evaluation tools to accurately measure the quality of image captions.
description: 41 pages, 6 figures
title: Surface modification for enhanced cell adhesion under high shear stress conditions
Creators: name: Siddique, Asma
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2020

description: The vascular system, one of the bases of life mechanisms, connects tissues and organs by means of blood vessels, supplies nutrient–containing blood throughout the body and removes waste products. Any functional abnormalities in vascular system can cause critical diseases such as tumor, angiogenesis and cancer. Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death globally. Therefore, the vascular science is a field with strong translational focus to develop insight in vascular physiology and disease treatments. Many of the vascular functions, hemodynamic forces, cellular interactions and related diseases are strictly associated to the physical geometry of vasculature. Moreover the endothelial lining of blood vessels is subjected to a continuous hemodynamic shear stress, which is also essential to regulate cell morphology and functions. Replication of cardiovascular system in vitro requires a dynamic 3D microenvironment to modulate the fundamentals of vasculature and diseases models. Meanwhile, the introduction of microfluidics in vascular research enables us to study disease models in particular dimensions and at well-defined shear stress. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) based microfluidic systems, lined with endothelial cells, provide a versatile platform to study the mechanoresponse of cells in vitro. Extracellular matrix proteins are used to coat PDMS surface prior to cell growth to provide cell a natural environment. However, the long-term cell studies are limited due to instability of coated proteins inside PDMS microchannels under physiological shear stress conditions. To increase the stability under flow conditions, various protein-substrate linkages were developed for stable cell growth. PDMS surface was functionalized by using four different methods (i) O2 plasma (ii) (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) (iii) APTES-Gluteraldehyde and (iv) protonated APTES, in order to develop a stable bond with collagen–an ECM protein. Moreover, collagen at three different pH values (pH 5, 7 and 9), which attributed to certain charge distribution on molecules, was used to further enhance its bond strength with variety of functionalized surfaces. Different microfluidic device designs were used to evaluate coating efficiency and cell growth under continues shear stress (10-300 dyn/cm2), which is even higher than physiological shear stress. The comparison of all surface modification methods showed that, the electrostatic interaction between APTES mediated surfaces and collagen molecules at higher pH values found to be very stable for subsequent cell growth at high shear stress. Therefore, the surface modification technique based on APTES can also be applied to other ECM proteins, enabling long term in vitro cell studies in PDMS micro-channels to replicate blood vessels and related disease models.
Understanding the Low Income Housing Tax Credit in Durham, NC: Affective Politics, Property, and Actually Existing Neoliberalism in the Bull City
Creators: name: Padley, Michelle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Durham, North Carolina residents are concerned that the current squeeze on housing availability reinforces and is intensifying gendered and racialized patterns of poverty. In this context, the Low-Income Housing Tax Credit (LIHTC) has emerged as an important affordable housing program in Durham and nationally. Since its creation through the Reagan-era Tax Reform Act of 1986, the LIHTC has been the primary source of funding for building new or preserving existing affordable housing in the United States. In Durham the city’s current affordable housing goals incorporate LIHTC funding and a high-profile development was recently awarded these tax-credits. The LIHTC offers a market-based incentive in the form of a tax credit subsidy in order to encourage developers to participate in affordable housing projects. This study investigates the LIHTC as an opening for examining neoliberal city building and politics, shifting forms of urban governance, and constructions of social difference in the city of Durham. The research draws together feminist geographic work on the affective politics of encountering difference, critical legal scholarship on property, and data collected through participant observation, interviews and document analysis to conceptualize the LIHTC as a relational policy. This approach details where the LIHTC fits in the trajectory of low-income housing policy in the United States, how the LIHTC works contractually, and who among the network of stakeholders involved benefit (and in what ways) from the program. Findings reveal       that, in keeping with the conflicting demands emblematic of actually existing urban neoliberal politics, in Durham, the LIHTC is rearticulating, and reproducing inequalities as well as opportunities for resistance through new affordable housing networks that generate and solidify hierarchical power relations.
Dihedral Lattice Gauge Theories on a Quantum Annealer
Creators: name: Fromm, Michael
name: Philipsen, Owe
name: Winterowd, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study lattice gauge theory with discrete, non-Abelian gauge groups. We extend the formalism of previous studies on D-Wave's quantum annealer as a computing platform to finite, simply reducible gauge groups. As an example, we use the dihedral group $D_n$ with $n=3,4$ on a two plaquette ladder for which we provide proof-of-principle calculations of the ground-state and employ the known time evolution formalism with Feynman clock states.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
Locally Adaptive and Differentiable Regression
Creators: name: Han, Mingxuan
name: Shankar, Varun
name: Phillips, Jeff M
name: Ye, Chenglong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over-parameterized models like deep nets and random forests have become very popular in machine learning. However, the natural goals of continuity and differentiability, common in regression models, are now often ignored in modern overparametrized, locally-adaptive models. We propose a general framework to construct a global continuous and differentiable model based on a weighted average of locally learned models in corresponding local regions. This model is competitive in dealing with data with different densities or scales of function values in different local regions. We demonstrate that when we mix kernel ridge and polynomial regression terms in the local models, and stitch them together continuously, we achieve faster statistical convergence in theory and improved performance in various practical settings.