cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low percolation density and charge noise with holes in germanium
Creators: name: Lodari, M.
name: Hendrickx, N. W.
name: Lawrie, W. I. L.
name: Hsiao, T. -K.
name: Vandersypen, L. M. K.
name: Sammak, A.
name: Veldhorst, M.
name: Scappucci, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We engineer planar Ge/SiGe heterostructures for low disorder and quiet hole quantum dot operation by positioning the strained Ge channel 55~nm below the semiconductor/dielectric interface. In heterostructure field effect transistors, we measure a percolation density for two-dimensional hole transport of $2.1\times10^{10}~\text{cm}^{-2}$, indicative of a very low disorder potential landscape experienced by holes in the buried Ge channel. These Ge heterostructures support quiet operation of hole quantum dots and we measure charge noise levels that are below the detection limit $\sqrt{S_\text{E}}=0.2~μ\text{eV}/\sqrt{\text{Hz}}$ at 1 Hz. These results establish planar Ge as a promising platform for scaled two-dimensional spin qubit arrays.
200 millions d'utilisateurs de ChatGPT et moi, et moi, et mes étudiants...
Creators: name: Poulain, Pierre
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Présentation donnée dans le cadre des journée du MERIT du 11 au 12 janvier 2024 :

IA génératives :  apports et  limites de leur utilisation en bioinformatique

https://merit.cnrs.fr/journees-ia-generatives-et-animation-du-reseau-janvier-2024/
Neutral pion decay into $ν\barν$ in dense skyrmion matter
Creators: name: Kalloniatis, Alexander C.
name: Carroll, Jonathan D.
name: Park, Byung-Yoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the weak decay of the neutral pion to a neutrino-antineutrino pair, $π^0\to ν\barν$, in the Skyrme model. In baryon free-space the process is forbidden by helicity while in a dense baryonic medium, the process becomes possible already to leading order in $G_F$ due to the break-down of Lorentz symmetry in the background medium.
description: 7 pages, RevTeX, 4 figures. Expanded discussion in light of referee comments
EFFICIENCY OF THE ITALIAN AGRI-FOOD INDUSTRY: AN ANALYSIS OF "DISTRICTS EFFECT"
Creators: name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Maccarini, Elisa Ricci
name: Brasili, Cristina
name: Maccarini, Elisa Ricci
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Food industry's efficiency
subject: Food districts
subject: Local development
subject: Stochastic frontier production function
subject: Meat and fruit sectors

description: In the course of the past decades major transformations in the Italian food industry induced considerable structural changes: on one hand, the creation of large industrial groups, with substantial input of foreign capital and, on the other, the concentration and geographic specialisation of numerous small and medium enterprises, with the formation of specific and typical agri-food local system (districts). To take account of the presence of food districts the analysis of the Italian food industry could not be conducted at national and regional level but it has to be studied at province and local level. It is also useful to analyse the food industry with reference to the different sub-sectors. We will conduct an in-depth analysis of the local systems (districts) of two sectors meat and fruit & vegetables processing. We will use balance-sheet data of the processing firms that were active in the meat (446 firms) and fruit & vegetables (227 firms) sub-sector in the years from 1996 to 1999. The analysis will consider the most significant balance sheet ratios, such as returns, productivity and labour cost in these local systmems. Then, we will consider the economic assessment of the firms belonging to local systems of the two sectors and compare with the non district firms. For the efficiency analysis will estimate a stochastic frontier production function in order to determine the "district effect". This analysis will also be directly correlated with investment in technological innovation. The economic and efficiency analysis confirms for many aspects the presence of a "district effect" in the Italian food industry.
HST Imaging of MEGA Microlensing Candidates in M31
Creators: name: Cseresnjes, Patrick
name: Crotts, Arlin P. S.
name: de Jong, Jelte T. A.
name: Bergier, Alex
name: Baltz, Edward A.
name: Gyuk, Geza
name: Kuijken, Konrad
name: Widrow, Lawrence M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate $HST$/ACS and WFPC2 images at the positions of five candidate microlensing events from a large survey of variability in M31 (MEGA). Three closely match unresolved sources, and two produce only flux upper limits. All are confined to regions of the color-magnitude diagram where stellar variability is unlikely to be easily confused with microlensing. Red variable stars cannot explain these events (although background supernova are possible for two). If these lenses arise in M31's halo, they are due to masses $0.15 < m / M_\odot < 0.49$ (95% certainty, for a $δ$-function mass distribution), brown dwarfs for disk lenses, and stellar masses for bulge lenses.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL. Higher resolution version available at http://www.astro.columbia.edu/~patrick/hst/hst_ml.pdf
Additional file 15 of Hybrid transcriptome sequencing approach improved assembly and gene annotation in Cynara cardunculus (L.)
Creators: name: Puglia, Giuseppe D.
name: Prjibelski, Andrey D.
name: Vitale, Domenico
name: Bushmanova, Elena
name: Schmid, Karl J.
name: Raccuia, Salvatore A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 15: Table S1. Primer sequences used for validation of RNA-seq data using qRT-PCR reactions.
SOCIAL EXCHANGE RATES, MERCOSUR AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT
Creators: name: Ferreira, Leo Da Rocha
name: Ferreira, Leo Da Rocha
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: The path towards a common market requires an alignment of macroeconomic policies. In the case of the MERCOSUL member countries, the observed disparities in the exchange, tax and monetary policies constitute major imbalances and impede future international economic integration. Apart from residual differences on trade policies among the member countries, macroeconomic policy disparities also reflect populism and the resulting lack of political will and mutual commitment with the regional goals. There is general professional agreement that, under a fixed exchange rate regimen with trade protection, the social exchange rate exceeds the official and/or market rate. Accordingly, the adoption of an exchange regimen with flexible exchange rates certeris paribus should significantly reduce the difference between the official exchange or market rate and the social exchange rate. The general purpose of this paper is to evaluate the impact of the changes of exchange policies in Brazil against the backdrop of the MERCOSUR economic integration process. To do this, an appropriate measure for the social exchange rate is developed and estimated. This measure also has an immediate practical relevance, as it is suitable for use in the economic analysis of investment projects in Brazil. By using a model of opportunity cost for foreign exchange to estimate the social exchange rate, the study concludes that there was no relevant alteration in the order of economic activities according to the degree of effective protection. The exchange policy changes effects will only be felt in the medium and long run, but their reflections can already be clearly perceived through the declining tendency of the social exchange rate.
Phases and collective modes of bosons in a triangular lattice at finite temperature: A cluster mean field study
Creators: name: Malakar, M.
name: Ray, S.
name: Sinha, S.
name: Angom, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the realization of Bose-Einstein condensates (BEC) in non-cubic lattices, in this work we study the phases and collective excitation of bosons with nearest neighbor interaction in a triangular lattice at finite temperature, using mean field (MF) and cluster mean field (CMF) theory. We compute the finite temperature phase diagram both for hardcore and softcore bosons, as well analyze the effect of correlation arising due to lattice frustration and interaction systematically using CMF method. A semi-analytic estimate of the transition temperatures between different phases are derived within the framework of MF Landau theory, particularly for hardcore bosons. Apart from the usual phases such as density waves (DW) and superfluid (SF), we also characterize different supersolids (SS). These phases and their transitions at finite temperature are identified from the collective modes. The low lying excitations, particularly Goldstone and Higgs modes of the supersolid can be detected in the ongoing cold atom experiments.
Bordism Groups of Immersions and Classes Represented by Self-Intersections
Creators: name: Eccles, Peter J.
name: Grant, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R42 (Primary) 57R90, 55N22 (Secondary)

description: We prove a geometrical version of Herbert's theorem by considering the self-intersection immersions of a self-transverse immersion up to bordism. This generalises Herbert's theorem to additional cohomology theories and gives a commutative diagram in the homotopy of Thom complexes. The proof uses Koschorke and Sanderson's operations and the fact that bordism of immersions gives a functor on the category of smooth manifolds and immersions.
description: 16 pages
NUTRIENT EFFECTS ON CONSUMER DEMAND: A PANEL DATA APPROACH
Creators: name: Dhehibi, Boubaker
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Angulo, Ana Maria
name: Dhehibi, Boubaker
name: Gil, Jose Maria
name: Angulo, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Nutrients
subject: demand for food
subject: CBS
subject: panel data
subject: Spain.

description: The objective of this paper is to analyze the Spanish demand for food taking into account the consumer's concern about the relationship between food diet and health. This concern is forcing food demand analysts to assume that consumer utility is a function of nutrients instead of simply the food products themselves. A CBS demand model has been considered to model the new demand function obtained, which is estimated with a complete panel data set. Ten broad categories, nine nutrients and the most relevant socio-economic variables have been considered. Finally, after an appropriate model selection strategy, expenditure, price and nutrient elasticities, as well as main sociodemographic effects, have been calculated.
Additional file 3 of Lowering the burden: Shorter versions of the Program Sustainability Assessment Tool (PSAT) and Clinical Sustainability Assessment Tool (CSAT)
Creators: name: Malone, Sara
name: Prewitt, Kim
name: McKay, Virginia
name: Zabotka, Luke
name: Bacon, Caren
name: Luke, Douglas A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 3.
Collecting Store-Level Data on Retail Supermarket Sales
Creators: name: McFetridge, Marc V.
name: Johnson, Aaron J.
name: Durham, Catherine A.
name: McFetridge, Marc V.
name: Johnson, Aaron J.
name: Durham, Catherine A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Primary data-collection methods have been understood and studied to a great degree. For example, volumes can be written on the proper way to conduct a survey-based study. However, the process of collecting data from a retail establishment is not as well documented. This paper covers the tools and strategies used to collect weekly data in a retail environment and makes some suggestions for future researchers so that they may avoid similar problems that occurred during the data collection and entry process.
Additional file 12 of Hybrid transcriptome sequencing approach improved assembly and gene annotation in Cynara cardunculus (L.)
Creators: name: Puglia, Giuseppe D.
name: Prjibelski, Andrey D.
name: Vitale, Domenico
name: Bushmanova, Elena
name: Schmid, Karl J.
name: Raccuia, Salvatore A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Figure S12. Hierarchical cluster analysis of differentially expressed genes across inflorescence development stages (CC1, CC2, CC3, OC1, OC2, OC3 and OC4).
Three-Body Collective Excitations in the Superconducting Phase of $MgB_2$
Creators: name: Karchev, Naoum
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that coherent behavior of Cooper's pairs and electrons in the two-band superconductors $MgB_2$ is possible as a result of a strong two-phonon-electron coupling. The spin-$\frac 12$ triples with zero angular momentum are made up of three spin-$\frac 12$ fermions with charge $\emph{e}$. They are gapped Fermi excitations with gap induced by the gaps of the single fermions. Their contribution to the thermodynamics of the $MgB_2$ superconductors is considered.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Blueshift of high-order harmonic generation in crystalline silicon subjected to intense femtosecond near-infrared laser pulse
Creators: name: Obreshkov, Boyan
name: Apostolova, Tzveta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the generation of high order harmonics in crystalline silicon subjected to intense near-infrared 30fs laser pulse. The harmonic spectrum extends from the near infrared to the extreme ultraviolet spectral region. Depending on the pulsed laser intensity, we distinguish two regimes of harmonic generation: (i) perturbative regime: electron-hole pairs born during each half-cycle of the laser pulse via multiphoton and tunnel transitions are accelerated in the laser electric field and gain kinetic energy; the electron-hole pairs then recombine in the ground state by emitting a single high-energy photon. The resultant high harmonic spectrum consists of sharp peaks at odd harmonic orders. (ii) non-perturbative regime: the intensity of the harmonics increases, their spectral width broadens and the position of harmonics shifts to shorter wavelengths. The blueshift of high harmonics in silicon are independent on the harmonic order which may be helpful in the design of continuously tunable XUV sources.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, proceedings of Spb Photonic, Optoelectronic and Electronic Materials, 2020, Saint Petersburg, Russia; to appear in Journal of Physics: Conference Series
Additional file 1 of A prospective cohort study on the role of surgical mentorship on medical students’ surgical experience and attitudes towards surgery
Creators: name: Kerdegari, Nikki
name: Tandanu, Edelyne
name: Lee, Karen
name: Zakri, Rhana
name: Dasgupta, Prokar
name: Chandak, Pankaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
Three osculating walkers
Creators: name: Bousquet-Mélou, Mireille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15

description: We consider three directed walkers on the square lattice, which move simultaneously at each tick of a clock and never cross. Their trajectories form a non-crossing configuration of walks. This configuration is said to be osculating if the walkers never share an edge, and vicious (or: non-intersecting) if they never meet. We give a closed form expression for the generating function of osculating configurations starting from prescribed points. This generating function turns out to be algebraic. We also relate the enumeration of osculating configurations with prescribed starting and ending points to the (better understood) enumeration of non-intersecting configurations. Our method is based on a step by step decomposition of osculating configurations, and on the solution of the functional equation provided by this decomposition.
Three-dimensional carrier-dynamics simulation of terahertz emission from photoconductive switches
Creators: name: Castro-Camus, E.
name: Lloyd-Hughes, J.
name: Johnston, M. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A semi-classical Monte Carlo model for studying three-dimensional carrier dynamics in photoconductive switches is presented. The model was used to simulate the process of photoexcitation in GaAs-based photoconductive antennas illuminated with pulses typical of mode-locked Ti:Sapphire lasers. We analyzed the power and frequency bandwidth of THz radiation emitted from these devices as a function of bias voltage, pump pulse duration and pump pulse location. We show that the mechanisms limiting the THz power emitted from photoconductive switches fall into two regimes: when illuminated with short duration (<40 fs) laser pulses the energy distribution of the Gaussian pulses constrains the emitted power, while for long (>40 fs) pulses, screening is the primary power-limiting mechanism. A discussion of the dynamics of bias field screening in the gap region is presented. The emitted terahertz power was found to be enhanced when the exciting laser pulse was in close proximity to the anode of the photoconductive emitter, in agreement with experimental results. We show that this enhancement arises from the electric field distribution within the emitter combined with a difference in the mobilities of electrons and holes.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Numerical calculation of free-energy barriers for entangled polymer nucleation
Creators: name: Tang, Xiaoliang
name: Tian, Fucheng
name: Xu, Tingyu
name: Li, Liangbin
name: Reinhardt, Aleks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystallisation of entangled polymers from their melt is investigated using computer simulation with a coarse-grained model. Using hybrid Monte Carlo simulations enables us to probe the behaviour of long polymer chains. We identify solid-like beads with a centrosymmetry local order parameter and compute the nucleation free-energy barrier at relatively high supercooling with adaptive-bias windowed umbrella sampling. Our results demonstrate that the critical nucleus sizes and the heights of free-energy barriers do not significantly depend on the molecular weight of the polymer; however, the nucleation rate decreases with increasing molecular weight. Moreover, an analysis of the composition of the critical nucleus suggests that intramolecular growth of the nucleated cluster does not contribute significantly to crystallisation for this system.
Laplacian transfer across a rough interface: Numerical resolution in the conformal plane
Creators: name: Vandembroucq, Damien
name: Roux, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a conformal mapping technique to study the Laplacian transfer across a rough interface. Natural Dirichlet or Von Neumann boundary condition are simply read by the conformal map. Mixed boundary condition, albeit being more complex can be efficiently treated in the conformal plane. We show in particular that an expansion of the potential on a basis of evanescent waves in the conformal plane allows to write a well-conditioned 1D linear system. These general principle are illustrated by numerical results on rough interfaces.
A Comparison of X, Y, and Boomer Generation Wine Consumers in California
Creators: name: Wolf, Marianne McGarry
name: Carpenter, Scott
name: Qenani-Petrela, Eivis
name: Wolf, Marianne McGarry
name: Carpenter, Scott
name: Qenani-Petrela, Eivis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This research shows that the wine market in the California is segmented by age. The wine-consumption behavior of the California wine consumer differs between the Generation X consumer and those in Generation Y and Baby Boomers. There are differences in demographics, purchasing attitudes, and purchasing behaviors among wine consumers from different generations. The findings from this research demonstrate that it is increasingly important to develop marketing strategies that are segmented for the target wine consumer. Generation Y are young wine consumers who are especially important for the industry because they offer an opportunity for growth - these younger generations are developing tastes now that are likely to last as they age.
Additional file 2 of A prospective cohort study on the role of surgical mentorship on medical students’ surgical experience and attitudes towards surgery
Creators: name: Kerdegari, Nikki
name: Tandanu, Edelyne
name: Lee, Karen
name: Zakri, Rhana
name: Dasgupta, Prokar
name: Chandak, Pankaj
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Medicine
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 2
Additional file 13 of Hybrid transcriptome sequencing approach improved assembly and gene annotation in Cynara cardunculus (L.)
Creators: name: Puglia, Giuseppe D.
name: Prjibelski, Andrey D.
name: Vitale, Domenico
name: Bushmanova, Elena
name: Schmid, Karl J.
name: Raccuia, Salvatore A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13: Figure S13. Expression levels of all the identified transcription families across the inflorescence development stages.
Analysis of Consumer Food-Handling Practices from Grocer to Home Including Transport and Storage of Selected Foods
Creators: name: Godwin, Sandria L.
name: Coppings, R.J.
name: Godwin, Sandria L.
name: Coppings, R.J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Consumers were interviewed about how they purchase, transport, store, and otherwise handle food. Emphasis was placed on handling of cold foods and home refrigeration. More than 70% of consumers took steps to protect cold foods during purchase and transport and more than 90% claimed to put away cold foods first. Only 7% of consumers used coolers to protect cold foods during transport. How consumers stored a variety of foods was determined and evaluated. Few consumers knew their own or correct refrigerator temperature and few had refrigerator thermometers. A second interview and refrigerator checklist were completed in 200 of the consumers' homes at least a year later. Researchers judged that circumstances that might allow for cross-contamination existed in 41% of the refrigerators examined. A large percentage of refrigerators were above recommended temperatures. There is a need to disseminate current food-safety and home-refrigeration information as consumer lifestyles adapt to the changing global economy. Consumers need to assume responsibility for temperature control of foods within their homes.
A Label Attention Model for ICD Coding from Clinical Text
Creators: name: Vu, Thanh
name: Nguyen, Dat Quoc
name: Nguyen, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ICD coding is a process of assigning the International Classification of Disease diagnosis codes to clinical/medical notes documented by health professionals (e.g. clinicians). This process requires significant human resources, and thus is costly and prone to error. To handle the problem, machine learning has been utilized for automatic ICD coding. Previous state-of-the-art models were based on convolutional neural networks, using a single/several fixed window sizes. However, the lengths and interdependence between text fragments related to ICD codes in clinical text vary significantly, leading to the difficulty of deciding what the best window sizes are. In this paper, we propose a new label attention model for automatic ICD coding, which can handle both the various lengths and the interdependence of the ICD code related text fragments. Furthermore, as the majority of ICD codes are not frequently used, leading to the extremely imbalanced data issue, we additionally propose a hierarchical joint learning mechanism extending our label attention model to handle the issue, using the hierarchical relationships among the codes. Our label attention model achieves new state-of-the-art results on three benchmark MIMIC datasets, and the joint learning mechanism helps improve the performances for infrequent codes.
description: In Proceedings of IJCAI 2020 (Main Track)
The UNSW Extrasolar Planet Search: Methods and First Results from a Field Centred on NGC 6633
Creators: name: Hidas, M. G.
name: Ashley, M. C. B.
name: Webb, J. K.
name: Irwin, M.
name: Phillips, A.
name: Toyozumi, H.
name: Derekas, A.
name: Christiansen, J. L.
name: Nutto, C.
name: Crothers, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the current status of the University of New South Wales Extrasolar Planet Search project, giving details of the methods we use to obtain millimagnitude precision photometry using the 0.5m Automated Patrol Telescope. We use a novel observing technique to optimally broaden the PSF and thus largely eliminate photometric noise due to intra-pixel sensitivity variations on the CCD. We have observed 8 crowded Galactic fields using this technique during 2003 and 2004. Our analysis of the first of these fields (centred on the open cluster NGC 6633) has yielded 49 variable stars and 4 shallow transit candidates. Follow-up observations of these candidates have identified them as eclipsing binary systems. We use a detailed simulation of our observations to estimate our sensitivity to short-period planets, and to select a new observing strategy to maximise the number of planets detected.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, version published in MNRAS Updated figures, references, and additional discussion in section 7
Promoted Mass Growth of Multiple, Distant Giant Planets through Pebble Accretion and Planet-Planet Collision
Creators: name: Wimarsson, John
name: Liu, Beibei
name: Ogihara, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a pebble-driven planet formation scenario to form giant planets with high multiplicity and large orbital distances in the early gas disk phase. We perform N-body simulations to investigate the growth and migration of low-mass protoplanets in the disk with inner viscously heated and outer stellar irradiated regions. The key feature of this model is that the giant planet cores grow rapidly by a combination of pebble accretion and planet-planet collisions. This consequently speeds up their gas accretion. Because of efficient growth, the planet transitions from rapid type I migration to slow type II migration early, reducing the inward migration substantially. Multiple giant planets can sequentially form in this way with increasing semimajor axes. Both mass growth and orbital retention are more pronounced when a large number of protoplanets are taken into account compared to the case of single planet growth. Eventually, a few numbers of giant planets form with orbital distances of a few to a few tens of AUs within $1.5{-}3$ Myr after the birth of the protoplanets. The resulting simulated planet populations could be linked to the substructures exhibited in disk observations as well as large orbital distance exoplanets observed in radial velocity and microlensing surveys.
description: MNRAS accepted, 12 pages, 5 figures
Uniting minds and methods: how interprofessional education advances male infertility research
Creators: name: Sengupta, Pallav
name: Dutta, Sulagna
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2024
Subjects: interprofessional education
male infertility

description: EXCLI Journal; 23:Doc92; ISSN 1611-2156
Magnetotransport Study of the Canted Antiferromagnetic Phase in Bilayer $ν=2$ Quantum Hall State
Creators: name: Fukuda, A.
name: Sawada, A.
name: Kozumi, S.
name: Terasawa, D.
name: Shimoda, Y.
name: Ezawa, Z. F.
name: Kumada, N.
name: Hirayama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetotransport properties are investigated in the bilayer quantum Hall state at the total filling factor $ν=2$. We measured the activation energy elaborately as a function of the total electron density and the density difference between the two layers. Our experimental data demonstrate clearly the emergence of the canted antiferromagnetic (CAF) phase between the ferromagnetic phase and the spin-singlet phase. The stability of the CAF phase is discussed by the comparison between experimental results and theoretical calculations using a Hartree-Fock approximation and an exact diagonalization study. The data reveal also an intrinsic structure of the CAF phase divided into two regions according to the dominancy between the intralayer and interlayer correlations.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
ZFITTER: a semi-analytical program for fermion pair production in e+e- annihilation, from version 6.21 to version 6.42
Creators: name: Arbuzov, A. B.
name: Awramik, M.
name: Czakon, M.
name: Freitas, A.
name: Gruenewald, M. W.
name: Moenig, K.
name: Riemann, S.
name: Riemann, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ZFITTER is a Fortran program for the calculation of fermion pair production and radiative corrections at high energy e+e- colliders; it is also suitable for other applications where electroweak radiative corrections appear. ZFITTER is based on a semi-analytical approach to the calculation of radiative corrections in the Standard Model. We present a summary of new features of the ZFITTER program version 6.42 compared to version 6.21. The most important additions are: (i) some higher-order QED corrections to fermion pair production, (ii) electroweak one-loop corrections to atomic parity violation, (iii) electroweak one-loop corrections to nu-e nu-e-bar production, (iv) electroweak two-loop corrections to the W boson mass and the effective weak mixing angle.
description: 60 pages, latex, 3 tables
Economic Analysis of Recycling Chiller Water in Poultry-Processing Plants Using Ultrafiltration Membrane Systems
Creators: name: Saravia, Horacio
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Nelson, Heather M.
name: Saravia, Horacio
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Epperson, James E.
name: Nelson, Heather M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The poultry industry, one of the most important agribusiness industries in the United States, is facing multiple water-usage problems. These problems stem from rising water and sewer charges and an increase in pollution regulations. One way to reduce water usage and volume of wastewater is through internal recycling. Food scientists and applied economists at the University of Georgia are collaborating to evaluate the operational and economic effectiveness of polymeric ultrafiltration membrane technology at poultry processing plants. On-site tests of membrane system are underway, and preliminary economic analysis indicates highly positive prospects for this technology.
Double-absorber thin-film solar cell with 34% efficiency
Creators: name: Ahamd, Faiz
name: Lakhtakia, Akhlesh
name: Monk, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Power-conversion efficiency is a critical factor for the wider adoption of solar-cell modules. Thin-film solar cells are cheap and easy to manufacture, but their efficiencies are low compared to crystalline-silicon solar cells and need to be improved. A thin-film solar cell with two absorber layers (instead of only one), with bandgap energy graded in both, can capture solar photons in a wider spectral range. With a 300-nm-thick CIGS~absorber layer and an 870-nm-thick CZTSSe~absorber layer, an efficiency of $34.45\%$ is predicted by a detailed optoelectronic model, provided that the grading of bandgap energy is optimal in both absorber layers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Chandra Detection of the First X-ray Forest along the Line of Sight To Mkn 421
Creators: name: Nicastro, Fabrizio
name: Mathur, Smita
name: Elvis, Martin
name: Drake, Jeremy
name: Fiore, Fabrizio
name: Fang, Taotao
name: Fruscione, Antonella
name: Krongold, Yair
name: Marshall, Herman
name: Williams, Rik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first >=3.5 sigma (conservative) or >=5.8 sigma (sum of lines significance) detection of two Warm-Hot Intergalactic Medium (WHIM) filaments at z>0, which we find along the line of sight to the blazar Mkn 421. These systems are detected through highly ionized resonant metal absorption in high quality Chandra-ACIS and -HRC Low Energy Transmission Grating (LETG) spectra of Mkn 421, obtained following our two Target of Opportunity requests during two outburst phases. The two intervening WHIM systems that we detect, have OVII and NVII columns of N(OVII)=(1.0 +/- 0.3) x 1e15 cm-2} N(NVII)=(0.8 +/- 0.4) x 1e15 cm-2, and N(OVII)=(0.7 +/- 0.3) x 1e15 cm-2, N(NVII)=(1.4 +/- 0.5) x 1e15 cm-2 respectively. From the detected number of WHIM filaments along this line of sight we can estimate the number of OVII filaments per unit redshift with columns larger than 7e14 cm-2, dP(OVII)/dz(N(OVII)>=7e14) = 67^{+88}_{-43}, consistent, within the large 1-sigma errors, with the hydrodynamical simulation predictions of dP(OVII)/dz(N(OVII)>=7e14) = 30. Finally, we measure a cosmological mass density of X-ray WHIM filaments Omega_b = 0.027^{+0.038}_{-0.019} x 10^{[O/H]_{-1}}, consistent with both model predictions and the estimated number of 'missing' baryons at low redshift.
description: 51 pages, 18 figures. Accepted for publication in the ApJ
Airflow and wood drying models for woodkilns
Creators: name: Bian, Zhengbing
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Airflow and heat/mass transfer in a woodkiln are simulated numerically. The uniformity of drying and the quality of the wood in a kiln are strongly influenced by the airflow. A numerical model that simulates the airflow distribution is described and applied to solve the flow distribution in a kiln. The influences of the gaps between lumber pieces and the unevenness of lumber height on the velocity distribution and heat/mass transfer in the woodkiln are investigated numerically. A mathematical model for heat and mass transfer during the wood drying process is presented. The influence of kiln temperature, humidity and transport properties of wood is numerically investigated. The three key parameters in the model are moisture content M , temperature T and total pressure P in the gaseous phase. The results are compared with drying rate experiments carried out by Forintek Canada Corporation. Numerical model predictions are in satisfactory agreement with experimental results. Airflow and wood drying models are coupled to carry out a complete calculation. The model will constitute a powerful tool to optimize kiln design and to help operators improve kiln operations without entailing major new costs.
Feshbach Resonances in an Erbium-Dysprosium Dipolar Mixture
Creators: name: Durastante, Gianmaria
name: Politi, Claudia
name: Sohmen, Maximilian
name: Ilzhöfer, Philipp
name: Mark, Manfred J.
name: Norcia, Matthew A.
name: Ferlaino, Francesca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the observation of heteronuclear magnetic Feshbach resonances in several isotope mixtures of the highly magnetic elements erbium and dysprosium. Among many narrow features, we identify two resonances with a width greater than one Gauss. We characterize one of these resonances, in a mixture of $^{168}$Er and $^{164}$Dy, in terms of loss rates and elastic cross section, and observe a temperature dependence of the on-resonance loss rate suggestive of a universal scaling associated with broad resonances. Our observations hold promise for the use of such a resonance for tuning the interspecies scattering properties in a dipolar mixture. We further compare the prevalence of narrow resonances in an $^{168}$Er-$^{164}$Dy mixture to the single-species case, and observe an increased density of resonances in the mixture.
Destiny of optical lattices with strong intersite interactions
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical lattices are considered loaded by atoms or molecules that can exhibit strong interactions between different lattice sites. The strength of these interactions can be sufficient for generating collective phonon excitations above the ground-state energy level. Varying the interaction strength makes it possible to create several equilibrium three-dimensional phases, including conducting optical lattices, insulating optical lattices, delocalized quantum crystals, and localized quantum crystals. Also, there can exist finite one- and two-dimensional lattices of chains and planes.
description: Latex file, 25 pages, no figures
Polarisation-sensitive terahertz detection by multicontact photoconductive receivers
Creators: name: Castro-Camus, E.
name: Lloyd-Hughes, J.
name: Johnston, M. B.
name: Fraser, M. D.
name: Tan, H. H.
name: Jagadish, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a terahertz radiation detector that measures both the amplitude and polarization of the electric field as a function of time. The device is a three-contact photoconductive receiver designed so that two orthogonal electric-field components of an arbitrary polarized electromagnetic wave may be detected simultaneously. The detector was fabricated on Fe+ ion-implanted InP. Polarization-sensitive detection is demonstrated with an extinction ratio better than 100:1. This type of device will have immediate application in studies of birefringent and optically active materials in the far-infrared region of the spectrum.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Producer Biotech Food Knowledge Differences: Findings from a Three-State Survey
Creators: name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Mafuyai-Ekanem, Mary
name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Singh, Surendra P.
name: Ekanem, Enefiok P.
name: Muhammad, Safdar
name: Mafuyai-Ekanem, Mary
name: Tegegne, Fisseha
name: Singh, Surendra P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Over the years, public opinion in the United States on agricultural biotechnology has shifted from one of extreme consumer concern to one of indifference. This paper analyzes gender, ethnic, education, age, and household-income differences in producers' biotechnology knowledge. Mail questionnaires were used in collecting data. Responses to selected questions were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences. Chi-squares tests showed statistically significant differences in biotechnology knowledge among farmers who participated in the three-state survey.
Free water DTI estimates from single b-value data might seem plausible but must be interpreted with care
Creators: name: Golub, Marc
name: Henriques, Rafael Neto
name: Nunes, Rita G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: Free water elimination diffusion tensor imaging (FWE-DTI) has been widely used to distinguish increases of free water (FW) partial volume effects from tissue's diffusion in healthy ageing and degenerative diseases. Since the FWE-DTI fitting is only well posed for multi-shell acquisitions, a regularized gradient descent (RGD) method was proposed to enable application to single-shell data, more common in the clinic. However, the validity of the RGD method has been poorly assessed. This study aims to quantify the specificity of FWE-DTI procedures on single- and multi-shell data. Methods: Different FWE-DTI fitting procedures were tested on an open-source in vivo diffusion dataset and single- and multi-shell synthetic signals, including the RGD and standard non-linear least squares (NLS) methods. Single-voxel simulations were carried out to compare initialization approaches. A multi-voxel phantom simulation was performed to evaluate the impact of spatial regularization when comparing between methods. To test the algorithms' specificity, phantoms with two different types of lesions were simulated: with increased mean diffusivity (MD) or with increased FW. Result: Plausible parameter maps were obtained with RGD from single-shell in vivo data. The plausibility of these maps was shown to be determined by the initialization. Tests with simulated lesions inserted into the in vivo data revealed that the RGD approach cannot distinguish FW from tissue MD alterations, contrarily to the NLS algorithm. Conclusion: RGD FWE-DTI has limited specificity and, thus, its results from single-shell data should be carefully interpreted. When possible, multi-shell acquisitions and the NLS approach should be preferred instead.
description: 28 pages (21 pages of main text + 7 figures)
Additional file 1 of Development of Caco-2 cells expressing four CYPs via a mammalian artificial chromosome
Creators: name: Ohta, Yumi
name: Kazuki, Kanako
name: Abe, Satoshi
name: Oshimura, Mitsuo
name: Kobayashi, Kaoru
name: Kazuki, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparison of gene expression between human small intestine and day 22 culture of Caco-2 and Caco-2 4CYPs-MAC #2. Table S1. Primer sequences for genomic PCR and RT-qPCR. Table S2. LC-MS/MS analysis conditions (MDZ, 1′-OH MDZ).
Second Year Banana Cultivar Trial in South Georgia
Creators: name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Krewer, Gerard
name: Rieger, Mark
name: Fonsah, Esendugue Greg
name: Krewer, Gerard
name: Rieger, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: The development of the annual cropping production system (ACP) and more cold-tolerant cultivars has allowed commercial banana production outside the traditional production belt. This evaluation of 32 cultivars was initiated to determine the feasibility and suitability of Annual Cropping Production (ACP) for niche/ethnic markets under Georgia weather conditions; determine the growth performance, fruit quality, and marketability; and determine which cultivars have sufficient cold hardiness for ornamental landscape use.
Looking for pentaquarks in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Fleming, George T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pentaquark states in lattice QCD probably lie close in energy to two particle scattering states. Correctly identifying the resonant state is a challenging, yet tractable, problem given the terascale computing facilities available today. We summarize the initial round of exploratory lattice calculations and discuss what should be accomplished in the next round.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, to appear in the First Meeting of the APS Topical Group on Hadronic Physics (GHP2004), 24-26 October 2004, Fermilab
MovieMaker: A Parallel Movie-Making Software for Large Scale Simulations
Creators: name: Uehara, Hitoshi
name: Kawahara, Shintaro
name: Ohno, Nobuaki
name: Furuichi, Mikito
name: Araki, Fumiaki
name: Kageyama, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a parallel rendering software for scientific visualization of large-scale, three-dimensional, time development simulations. The goal of this software, MovieMaker, is to generate a movie, or a series of visualization images from totally one TB-scale data within one night (or less than 12 hours). The isocontouring, volume rendering, and streamlines are implemented. MovieMaker is a parallel program for the shared memory architecture with dynamic load balancing and overlapped disk I/O.
description: 3pages, 5figures, submitted to J. Plasma Physcs (special issue for 19th ICNSP)
Optimal livestock diet formulation with farm environmental compliance consequences
Creators: name: Hadrich, Joleen C.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
name: Hadrich, Joleen C.
name: Wolf, Christopher A.
name: Harsh, Stephen B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The current method to derive livestock diets is to optimize cost performance subject to animal performance and resulting nutritional requirements via a linear programming model. In contrast, we examine the livestock diet formulation problem as a multi-criteria decision model with the criteria being cost performance, feed efficiency, and environmental compliance costs. We find that there are many situations where farm financial situations are improved by feeding products with higher costs per unit of protein but lower phosphorus levels.
Marginally trapped and anti-trapped surfaces for matter evolution in D-dimensions
Creators: name: Raviteja, Konka
name: Gutti, Sashideep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we explore the formation of the marginally trapped and marginally anti-trapped surfaces that arise from the evolution of homogeneous dust in D-dimensions with and without the cosmological constant, this is seen through the analytical expressions for such surfaces. We obtain closed form expressions for the Norm of the normal to the Horizon that decides their causal nature and also look at several interesting features of these surface evolution that are significantly different from the four dimensional counterpart. We obtain the expressions for the Ashtekar-Badrikrihnan's Area-balance law for dynamical horizon (spacelike surface) tailored for the case of spherically symmetric dust evolution in D-dimensions.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures