cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High mass of the type IIP supernova 2004et inferred from hydrodynamic modeling
Creators: name: Utrobin, V. P.
name: Chugai, N. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous studies of type IIP supernovae have inferred that progenitor masses recovered from hydrodynamic models are higher than 15 Msun. To verify the progenitor mass of this supernova category, we attempt a parameter determination of the well-observed luminous type IIP supernova 2004et. We model the bolometric light curve and the photospheric velocities of SN 2004et by means of hydrodynamic simulations in an extended parameter space. From hydrodynamic simulations and observational data, we infer a presupernova radius of 1500 Rsun, an ejecta mass of 24.5 Msun, an explosion energy of 2.3x10^{51} erg, and a radioactive Ni-56 mass of 0.068 Msun. The estimated progenitor mass on the main sequence is in the range of 25-29 Msun. In addition, we find clear signatures of the explosion asymmetry in the nebular spectra of SN 2004et. The measured progenitor mass of SN 2004et is significantly higher than the progenitor mass suggested by the pre-explosion images. We speculate that the mass inferred from hydrodynamic modeling is overestimated and crucial missing factors are multi-dimensional effects.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Statistics of leaders and lead changes in growing networks
Creators: name: Godreche, C.
name: Grandclaude, H.
name: Luck, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate various aspects of the statistics of leaders in growing network models defined by stochastic attachment rules. The leader is the node with highest degree at a given time (or the node which reached that degree first if there are co-leaders). This comprehensive study includes the full distribution of the degree of the leader, its identity, the number of co-leaders, as well as several observables characterizing the whole history of lead changes: number of lead changes, number of distinct leaders, lead persistence probability. We successively consider the following network models: uniform attachment, linear attachment (the Barabasi-Albert model), and generalized preferential attachment with initial attractiveness.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures, 1 table
Transmission of the Valuations of Human Lives Between Mother and Child
Creators: name: Mendoza, Joanna
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: value transmission
subject: maternal
subject: children
subject: moral development
subject: decision-making

description: The transmission of value between a mother and her children is investigated through a cross-sectional developmental study. The objective of this project is to narrow down the attribution of values to particular individuals of varied age, gender, and familial relationship; and observe trends in how mothers respond compared to children indicative of the transmission of value. The study included children aged five through nine years old (N = 149), some participants were siblings (n = 26), and their mothers (n = 123). A sinking ship selection task was administered and framed in either a saving or giving up context. Questions followed the sinking-ship task to gain insight into the respondents' selections of the presented stimuli. The results suggested a relationship between mothers’ and children’s sinking-ship task selections and that specific factors influence the choices made by participants. The transmission of value from mothers to children is supported by the study’s outcomes. Findings contribute a further understanding of decision-making processes and intergenerational differences in the context of moral hypotheticals. Implications of the findings have material applications that can inform educational curricula and be implemented in school settings.
Truth-Functionality
Creators: name: Schnieder, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 510 Mathematik
subject: 100 Philosophie, Parapsychologie und Okkultismus, Psychologie

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: It is shown that the standard definitions of truth-functionality, though useful for their purposes, ignore some aspects of the usual informal characterisations of truth-functionality. An alternative definition is given that results in a stronger notion that pays attention to those aspects.
Comments on gauge unparticles
Creators: name: Kozlov, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A field model for a quark and an antiquark binding is described. Quarks interact via a gauge unparticle ("ungluons"). The model is formulated in terms of Lagrangian which features the source field $S(x)$ which becomes a local pseudo-Goldstone field of conformal symmetry - the pseudodilaton mode and from which the gauge non-primary unparticle field is derived by $B_μ(x) \sim\partial_μ S(x)$. Because the conformal sector is strongly coupled, the mode $S(x)$ may be one of new states accessible at high energies. We have carried out an analysis of the important quantity that enters in the "ungluon" exchange pattern - the "ungluon" propagator.
description: 9 pages
Azimuthal transverse single-spin asymmetries of inclusive jets and charged pions within jets from polarized-proton collisions at s = 500 GeV
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: hep-ex
nucl-ex

description: © 2018 authors. We report the first measurements of transverse single-spin asymmetries for inclusive jet and jet+π± production at midrapidity from transversely polarized proton-proton collisions at s=500 GeV. The data were collected in 2011 with the STAR detector sampled from 23 pb-1 integrated luminosity with an average beam polarization of 53%. Asymmetries are reported for jets with transverse momenta 6
Supplementary information and simulation results from When norm change hurts
Creators: name: Efferson, Charles
name: Ehret, Sönke
name: von Flüe, Lukas
name: Vogt, Sonja
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour

description: Supplementary simulation results
Magnetism and superconductivity in strongly correlated CeRhIn5
Creators: name: Park, Tuson
name: Thompson, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specific heat studies of CeRhIn5 as functions of pressure and magnetic field have been used to explore the relationship between magnetism and unconventional superconductivity, both of which involve the 4f electron of Ce. Results of these studies cannot be understood as a simple competition for Fermi-surface states and require a new conceptual framework.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Human migration and the spread of malaria parasites to the New World
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Animals
Continental Population Groups
Disease Transmission, Infectious
Genome, Mitochondrial
Haplorhini
Human Migration
Humans
Malaria, Falciparum
Phylogeny
Plasmodium falciparum

description: © 2018 The Author(s). We examined the mitogenomes of a large global collection of human malaria parasites to explore how and when Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax entered the Americas. We found evidence of a significant contribution of African and South Asian lineages to present-day New World malaria parasites with additional P. vivax lineages appearing to originate from Melanesia that were putatively carried by the Australasian peoples who contributed genes to Native Americans. Importantly, mitochondrial lineages of the P. vivax-like species P. simium are shared by platyrrhine monkeys and humans in the Atlantic Forest ecosystem, but not across the Amazon, which most likely resulted from one or a few recent human-to-monkey transfers. While enslaved Africans were likely the main carriers of P. falciparum mitochondrial lineages into the Americas after the conquest, additional parasites carried by Australasian peoples in pre-Columbian times may have contributed to the extensive diversity of extant local populations of P. vivax.
A contracting circumbinary molecular ring with an inner cavity of about 140 AU around Ori 139-409
Creators: name: Zapata, Luis A.
name: Schilke, Peter
name: Ho, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensitive and subarcsecond resolution ($\sim$ 0.7\arcsec) CH$_3$OH(7$_{-2,6}$ $\to$ 6$_{-2,5}$) line and 890 $μ$m continuum observations made with the Submillimeter Array (SMA) towards the hot molecular circumbinary ring associated with the young multiple star Ori 139-409 are presented. The CH$_3$OH(7$_{-2,6}$ - 6$_{-2,5}$) emission from the ring is well resolved at this angular resolution revealing an inner cavity with a size of about 140 AU. A LTE model of a Keplerian disk with an inner cavity of the same size confirms the presence of this cavity. Additionally, this model suggests that the circumbinary ring is contracting with a velocity of V$_{inf}$ $\sim$ 1.5 km s$^{-1}$ toward the binary central compact circumstellar disks reported at a wavelength of 7 mm. {\bf The inner central cavity seems to be formed by the tidal effects of the young stars in the middle of the ring.} The ring appears to be not a stationary object. Furthermore, the infall velocity we determine is about a factor of 3 slower than the free-fall velocity corresponding to the dynamical mass. This would correspond to a mass accretion rate of about 10$^{-5}$ M$_\odot$/yr. We found that the dust emission associated with Ori 139-409 appears to be arising from the circumstellar disks with no strong contribution from the molecular gas ring. A simple comparison with other classical molecular dusty rings (e.g. GG Tau, UZ Tau, and UY Aur) suggests that Ori 139-409 could be one of the youngest circumbinary rings reported up to date. Finally, our results confirm that the circumbinary rings are actively funneling fresh gas material to the central compact binary circumstellar disks, i.e. to the protostars in the very early phases of their evolution.
description: Accepted by MNRAS
B PHYSICS AT CDF
Creators: name: CDF COLLABORATION
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1991

description: An overview of the B physics results obtained by CDF is presented. During the 1988-1989 run we have collected 4.4 pb^-1 of p\\overline{p} collitions at \\sqrt{3}= 1.8 Tev. Using the J/ \\psi\\rightarrow\\mu^+\\mu^- sample the first reconstruction of exclusive B mesons decays at a hadron collider was obtained. From the inclusive electron sample and the exclusive B decays a measurement of the b quark production cross section was made and compared with the theory prediction. The e\\mu sample was used to study B\\overline{B} mixing and the \\chi parameter, averaged over B_d and B_g mesons, was measured to be \\chi = 0.176 +- 0.028 (stat) +- 0.041 (sys).
Trauma, attachment style, and somatization: A study of women with dyspareunia and women survivors of sexual abuse
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sexual abuse
Attachment
Pain
Somatic psychology
Trauma

description: © 2018 The Author(s). Background: Evidence points toward shared characteristics between female survivors of sexual abuse and women with dyspareunia. This study explored, for the first time, similarities and differences between women who were exposed to sexual abuse to those with dyspareunia, in order to examine whether insecure attachment styles and high somatization level are associated with trauma among women with dyspareunia. Methods: Attachment styles were explored using the Experience in Close Relationships Scale to reflect participants' levels of anxiety and avoidance. Somatization was assessed using the Brief Symptom Inventory focusing on the frequency of painful and non-painful bodily complaints. Trauma was categorized into three levels: sexual trauma, nonsexual trauma, and no trauma. Results: Sexually abused (SA) women (n = 21) compared to women with dyspareunia (dys) (n = 44) exhibited insecure attachment styles, as expressed by high levels of avoidance (SA 4.10 ± 0.99 vs. dys 3.08 ± 1.04, t (61) = 2.66, p = .01) and anxiety (SA 4.29 ± 1.22 vs. dys 3.49 ± 1.04, t (61) = 3.61, p = .001), and higher somatization (21.00 ± 8.25 vs. 13.07 ± 7.57, t (59) = 3.63, p = .001). Attachment and somatization level did not differ significantly between women with dyspareunia without trauma to those with nonsexual trauma. Conclusions: Our findings emphasized the unique role of sexual trauma as a contributing factor to the augmentation of perceived bodily symptoms and to insecure attachment style. This illuminates the importance of disclosing previous sexual abuse history among women with dyspareunia.
Crossover between distinct mechanisms of microwave photoresistance in bilayer systems
Creators: name: Wiedmann, S.
name: Gusev, G. M.
name: Raichev, O. E.
name: Bakarov, A. K.
name: Portal, J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on temperature-dependent magnetoresistance measurements in balanced double quantum wells exposed to microwave irradiation for various frequencies. We have found that the resistance oscillations are described by the microwave-induced modification of electron distribution function limited by inelastic scattering (inelastic mechanism), up to a temperature of T*~4 K. With increasing temperature, a strong deviation of the oscillation amplitudes from the behavior predicted by this mechanism is observed, presumably indicating a crossover to another mechanism of microwave photoresistance, with similar frequency dependence. Our analysis shows that this deviation cannot be fully understood in terms of contribution from the mechanisms discussed in theory.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Electronic structure of negative charge transfer CaFeO3 across the metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cond-mat.mtrl-sci
cond-mat.str-el

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. We investigated the metal-insulator transition for epitaxial thin films of the perovskite CaFeO3, a material with a significant oxygen ligand hole contribution to its electronic structure. We find that biaxial tensile and compressive strain suppress the metal-insulator transition temperature. By combining hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, soft x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and density functional calculations, we resolve the element-specific changes to the electronic structure across the metal-insulator transition. We demonstrate that the Fe sites undergo no observable spectroscopic change between the metallic and insulating states, whereas the O electronic configuration undergoes significant changes. This strongly supports the bond-disproportionation model of the metal-insulator transition for CaFeO3 and highlights the importance of ligand holes in its electronic structure. By sensitively measuring the ligand hole density, however, we find that it increases by ∼5-10% in the insulating state, which we ascribe to a further localization of electron charge on the Fe sites. These results provide detailed insight into the metal-insulator transition of negative charge transfer compounds and should prove instructive for understanding metal-insulator transitions in other late transition metal compounds such as the nickelates.
An investigation of radial recovery of a high current spark channel
Creators: name: Chan, Ping Wah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Reignition curves have been obtained for a high current (40ka) spark gap channel in air at atmospheric pressure at various radial distances down to delay times of 50 µs. after initiation of spark. The reignition curves in the ‘thermal breakdown' regime are obtained by a constant voltage generator having a variable output ranging from 100 volts to 2.5 kv, while those in the 'spark breakdown' regime are obtained by the use of a restriking voltage generator having a higher voltage output ranging from 1 kv to 15 kv. The experimental results show that the gas at large radial distances recovers faster than that at a smaller distance. A special feature of the recovery curves is the occurrence of a dip which is thought to be the effect of a thermal wave. Gas temperatures are derived by using the equation of state, Paschen curves and the reignition measurements. A temperature profile of the spark channel has been obtained which indicates that the spark channel has a fairly uniform temperature up to a radial distance of 2.5 cm. Beyond this distance the temperature drops rapidly to ambient temperature at a radial distance of 4 cm, Deionization and recovery mechanisms are predicted theoretically and are verified during the earlier recovery period in which 'thermal breakdown' occurs and during the later recovery period when 'spark breakdown' is observed.
N=2 Super Boussinesq Hierarchy: Lax Pairs and Conservation Laws
Creators: name: S. Bellucci
name: E. Ivanov
name: S. Krivonos
name: A. Pichugin
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1993

description: We study the integrability properties of the one-parameter family of N = 2 super boussinesq equations obtained earlier by two of us (E.I. S.K., Phys. Lett. B291 (1992) 63) as a hamiltonian flow on the N = 2 super-W_3 algebra. We show that it admits nontrivial higher order conserved quantities and hence gives rise to integrable hierarchies only for three values of the involved parameter, \\alpha = -2, -1/2, 5/2. We find that for the case \\alpha = -1/2 there exists a Lax pair formulation in terms of local N = 2 pseudo-differential operators, while for \\alpha = -2 the associated equation turns out to be bi-hamiltonian.
The Hewlett Pakard Cluster Configuration
Creators: name: M. Carboni
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1994

description: The increasing request of computing power coming from High Energy physics has determined the interest of the Scientific Community toward the RISC technology, that in the last years is substituing the CISC technology.Hewlett Packard Company offers the workstation family HP 9000/7xx, with architecture RISC, operating under HP-UX, based on Unix. In this note the hardware and software configuration of the L.N.F. HP 9000/7xx cluster is shown together with the system adopted implementation, the Cluster Operating System and the Software Configuration.
Aleixus Mcdonald 1981
Creators: name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
name: Grazia, Jocelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Aleixus

description: ALEIXUS McDONALD, 1981 Aleixus McDonald, in Rolston and McDonald, 1981: 259–260. TYPE- SPECIES: Aleixus virgatus McDonald, by original designation. DIAGNOSIS: The addition of a new species in Aleixus requires a rearrangement in the generic diagnosis as given by Rolston and McDonald (1981) and Rider (1994). Head: distinctly declivent at apex; antennal segment Inot reaching apex of head; antennal segment II and III cylindrical, segments IV and Vsomewhat inflated; antennal segment II longer than any other segment; juga surpassing clypeus, obtuse at apex, not contiguous anteriorly. Rostrum reaching metacoxae. Thorax: Pronotum with humeral angles with large tubercles, dorsally bifid and black at apices; tubercles ventral surface bearing a short blunt projection. Scutellum subtriangular, apex broadly rounded not reaching apices of coria. Thoracic sterna nearly flat. Peritreme acuminate apically, extending at least beyond middle of evaporatorium. Legs: with dorsal surface of femora produced distally. Abdomen: Abdominal spine small, not reaching between metacoxae. Characters used as diagnostic to the genus and found to be variable between the two species include length of the humeral angles, development of the tooth placed distally in the femora, length of the peritrema, and shape of tibia (see also comments in the description of the new species).
description: Published as part of Schwertner, Cristiano F. & Grazia, Jocelia, 2012, Review of the Neotropical Genus Aleixus Mcdonald (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Procleticini), with Description of a New Species and Cladistic Analysis of the Tribe Procleticini, pp. 252-262 in Entomologica Americana 118 (1) on page 255, DOI: 10.1664/12-RA-034.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3627190
description: {"references": ["Rolston, L. H. and F. J. D. McDonald. 1981. Conspectus of the Pentatomini genera of the Western Hemisphere - part 2 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomogical Society 88: 257 - 272.", "Rider, D. A. 1994. A generic conspectus of the tribe Procleticini Pennington (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae), with the description of Paraodmalea rubella, new genus and species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 102: 193 - 221."]}
Comparative Genomics Reveals Accelerated Evolution in Conserved Pathways during the Diversification of Anole Lizards
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Anolis
genomes
molecular evolution
substitution rates
adaptation
phenotypic evolution

description: © The Author(s) 2018. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution. Squamates include all lizards and snakes, and display some of the most diverse and extreme morphological adaptations among vertebrates. However, compared with birds and mammals, relatively few resources exist for comparative genomic analyses of squamates, hampering efforts to understand the molecular bases of phenotypic diversification in such a speciose clade. In particular, the ∼400 species of anole lizard represent an extensive squamate radiation. Here, we sequence and assemble the draft genomes of three anole species - Anolis frenatus, Anolis auratus, and Anolis apletophallus - for comparison with the available reference genome of Anolis carolinensis. Comparative analyses reveal a rapid background rate of molecular evolution consistent with a model of punctuated equilibrium, and strong purifying selection on functional genomic elements in anoles. We find evidence for accelerated evolution in genes involved in behavior, sensory perception, and reproduction, as well as in genes regulating limb bud development and hindlimb specification. Morphometric analyses of anole fore and hindlimbs corroborated these findings. We detect signatures of positive selection across several genes related to the development and regulation of the forebrain, hormones, and the iguanian lizard dewlap, suggesting molecular changes underlying behavioral adaptations known to reinforce species boundaries were a key component in the diversification of anole lizards.
Simulation of the Electromagnetic Component of Extensive Air Showers
Creators: name: V. Patera
name: M. Carboni
name: G. Battistoni
name: A. Ferrari
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1995

description: The e. m. component of extensive air showers, as sample at a given atmospheric depth, may be cinsidered as the superposition of sub-showers initiated by photons and electrons (positrons) mainly coming from the decay of secondary mesons. A detailed simulation of showers in atmosphere as produced by gammas and electrons has been performed by means of standard high energy physics Monte Carlo codes. We developed a set of parametrizations of these sub-showers to be included in the full simulations of extensive air showers with the aim to reduce the required computer power. Comparison with previous results found in the literature are shown.
Correlators Of Operators with a Large R-charge
Creators: name: Koch, Robert de Mello
name: Dey, Tanay K.
name: Ives, Norman
name: Stephanou, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation functions of operators with a conformal dimension of O(N^2) are not well approximated by the planar limit. The non-planar diagrams, which in the bulk spacetime correspond to string loop corrections, are enhanced by huge combinatorial factors. In this article we show how these loop corrections can be resummed. As a typical example of our results, in the half-BPS background of M maximal giant gravitons we find the usual 1/N expansion is replaced by a 1/(M+N) expansion. Further, we find that there is a simple exact relationship between amplitudes computed in the trivial background and amplitudes computed in the background of M maximal giant gravitons. Finally, we also find strong evidence for the BMN-type sectors suggested in arXiv:0801.4457. The decoupling limit of arXiv:0801.4457 captures the decoupled low energy world volume theory of the intersecting giant graviton system and this theory is weakly coupled even when the original N=4 super Yang-Mills theory is strongly coupled.
description: 40 pages, 2 figues; minor changes to presentation
Short-range magnetic correlations in Tb5Ge4
Creators: name: Tian, W.
name: Kreyssig, A.
name: Zarestky, J. L.
name: Tan, L.
name: Nandi, S.
name: Goldman, A. I.
name: Lograsso, T. A.
name: Schlagel, D. L.
name: Gschneidner, K. A.
name: Pecharsky, V. K.
name: McQueeney, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a single crystal neutron diffraction study of the magnetic short-range correlations in Tb$_5$Ge$_4$ which orders antiferromagnetically below the Neel temperature $T_N$ $\approx$ 92 K. Strong diffuse scattering arising from magnetic short-range correlations was observed in wide temperature ranges both below and above $T_N$. The antiferromagnetic ordering in Tb$_5$Ge$_4$ can be described as strongly coupled ferromagnetic block layers in the $ac$-plane that stack along the b-axis with weak antiferromagnetic inter-layer coupling. Diffuse scattering was observed along both $a^*$ and $b^*$ directions indicating three-dimensional short-range correlations. Moreover, the $q$-dependence of the diffuse scattering is Squared-Lorentzian in form suggesting a strongly clustered magnetic state that may be related to the proposed Griffiths-like phase in Gd$_5$Ge$_4$.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Somatic evolutionary timings of driver mutations
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Driver mutation
Ubiquitous mutation
Private mutation
Somatic mutation

description: © 2018 The Author(s). Background: A unified analysis of DNA sequences from hundreds of tumors concluded that the driver mutations primarily occur in the earliest stages of cancer formation, with relatively few driver mutation events detected in the late-arising subclones. However, emerging evidence from the sequencing of multiple tumors and tumor regions per individual suggests that late-arising subclones with additional driver mutations are underestimated in single-sample analyses. Methods: To test whether driver mutations generally map to early tumor development, we examined multi-regional tumor sequencing data from 101 individuals reported in 11 published studies. Following previous studies, we annotated mutations as early-arising when all tumors/regions had those mutations (ubiquitous). We then inferred the fraction of mutations occurring early and compared it with late-arising mutations that were found in only single tumors/regions. Results: While a large fraction of driver mutations in tumors occurred relatively early in cancers, later driver mutations occurred at least as frequently as the early drivers in a substantial number of patients. This result was robust to many different approaches to annotate driver mutations. The relative frequency of early and late driver mutations varied among patients of the same cancer type and in different cancer types. We found that previous reports of the preponderance of early driver mutations were primarily informed by analysis of single tumor variant allele profiles, with which it is challenging to clearly distinguish between early and late drivers. Conclusions: The origin and preponderance of new driver mutations are not limited to early stages of tumor evolution, with different tumors and regions showing distinct driver mutations and, consequently, distinct characteristics. Therefore, tumors with extensive intratumor heterogeneity appear to have many newly acquired drivers.
Inductance simulation for microelectronics and transistorized low-frequency active gyrators.
Creators: name: Morin, Kenneth Raoul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An inductance can be simulated for microelectronics applications using semiconductor elements (e.g., the "inductance diode"), using circuits containing amplifiers, or using gyrators. The last two methods are considered in this thesis. Several "amplifier methods" have appeared in the literature; these methods are classified into integrating- or differentiatiiig-type circuits, and a differentiating-type circuit is proposed which is believed to be new. Gyrator realization methods are tabulated and compared. An "active gyrator" ("AG") is proposed as a circuit element (it has unequal gyration resistances). The AG behaves much like a gyrator; it can be used to simulate inductance, and an analysis shows that it can be used to make isolators and circulators with a power gain. Methods of realizing an AG with amplifiers are investigated, and an analysis leads to seven 2-amplifier circuits. One of these AG circuits appears "best" for inductance simulation, and this one is investigated experimentally using a transistor circuit. An extensive bibliography of the inductance simulation and gyrator literature is presented.
Gravitating Semilocal strings
Creators: name: Hartmann, Betti
name: Urrestilla, Jon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the properties of semilocal strings minimally coupled to gravity. Semilocal strings are solutions of the bosonic sector of the Standard Model in the limit $\sin^2θ_W=1$ (where $θ_W$ is the Weinberg angle) and correspond to embedded Abelian-Higgs strings for a particular choice of the scalar doublet. We focus on the limit where the gauge boson mass is equal to the Higgs boson mass such that the solutions fulfill the Bogomolnyi-Prasad-Sommerfield (BPS) bound.
description: Contribution to the Proceedings of the Spanish Relativity Meeting (ERE) 2009, Bilbao, Spain
Comparative analysis of low complexity regions in Plasmodia
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Base Composition
Computational Biology
Conserved Sequence
Evolution, Molecular
Gene Ontology
Genome, Protozoan
Genomics
Plasmodium

description: © 2017 The Author(s). Low complexity regions (LCRs) are a common feature shared by many genomes, but their evolutionary and functional significance remains mostly unknown. At the core of the uncertainty is a poor understanding of the mechanisms that regulate their retention in genomes, whether driven by natural selection or neutral evolution. Applying a comparative approach of LCRs to multiple strains and species is a powerful approach to identify patterns of conservation in these regions. Using this method, we investigate the evolutionary history of LCRs in the genus Plasmodium based on orthologous protein coding genes shared by 11 species and strains from primate and rodent-infecting pathogens. We find multiple lines of evidence in support of natural selection as a major evolutionary force shaping the composition and conservation of LCRs through time and signatures that their evolutionary paths are species specific. Our findings add a comparative analysis perspective to the debate on the evolution of LCRs and harness the power of sequence comparisons to identify potential functionally important LCR candidates.
Revolution im Kriegsschauplatz: Drohnen, Verbrauchertechnologie und Open-Source-Intelligence als Wandelkräfte in der modernen Kriegsführung
Creators: name: Schmidt, Christian Thorge
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In der heutigen Ära der Kriegsführung erleben wir eine tiefgreifende Transformation, angetrieben durch den Einfluss moderner Technologien. Der vorliegende Aufsatz untersucht, wie Drohnen, Consumer Technology und Open-Source-Intelligence traditionelle Kriegsführungsstrategien revolutioniert und vielfach obsolet gemacht haben. Anstatt sich ausschließlich auf spezialisierte Militärtechnik zu verlassen, wenden sich moderne Streitkräfte zunehmend kostengünstigeren, leicht zugänglichen und technologisch fortgeschrittenen Verbrauchertechnologien zu. Diese Entwicklung hat nicht nur die Art und Weise, wie Kriege geführt werden, grundlegend verändert, sondern auch zu einer massiven Verschiebung der Kostenstrukturen geführt. Masse und Verfügbarkeit haben an Bedeutung gewonnen, wobei filigrane, aus dem Regal erhältliche Technologien neben traditioneller Militärtechnik zum Einsatz kommen.
The XMM-Newton Detection of Extended Emission from the Nova Remnant of T Pyxidis
Creators: name: Balman, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the detection of an extended X-ray nebulosity with an elongation from northeast to southwest in excess of 15$^{\prime\prime}$ in a radial profile and imaging of the recurrent nova T Pyx using the archival data obtained with the X-ray Multi-Mirror Mission (XMM), European Photon Imaging Camera (pn instrument). The signal to noise ratio (S/N) in the extended emission (above the point source and the background) is 5.2 over the 0.3-9.0 keV energy range and 4.9 over the 0.3-1.5 keV energy range. We calculate an absorbed X-ray flux of 2.3$\times10^{-14}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$ with a luminosity of 6.0$\times10^{32}$ erg s$^{-1}$ from the remnant nova in the 0.3-10.0 keV band. The source spectrum is not physically consistent with a blackbody emission model as a single model or a part of a two-component model fitted to the XMM-Newton data ({$kT{\rm_{BB}}$} $>$ 1 keV). The spectrum is best described by two MEKAL plasma emission models with temperatures at 0.2$^{+0.7}_{-0.1}$ keV and 1.3$^{+1.0}_{-0.4}$ keV. The neutral hydrogen column density derived from the fits is significantly more in the hotter X-ray component than the cooler one which we may be attributed to the elemental enhancement of nitrogen and oxygen in the cold material within the remnant. The shock speed calculated from the softer X-ray component of the spectrum is 300-800 km s$^{-1}$ and is consistent with the expansion speeds of the nova remnant derived from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and ground-based optical wavelength data. Our results suggest that the detected X-ray emission may be dominated by shock-heated gas from the nova remnant.
description: 5 journal pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS as a letter, in press
Aleixus virgatus McDonald 1981
Creators: name: Schwertner, Cristiano F.
name: Grazia, Jocelia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Pentatomidae
Aleixus
Aleixus virgatus

description: Aleixus virgatus McDonald, 1981 Fig. 1 Aleixus virgatus in Rolston and McDonald, 1981: 260–262; Rider, 1994: 213–217. SPECIMENS EXAMINED: HOLOTYPE: Female: Km 8 Est.[rada] do Aleixo, Manaus AM. BV. 26-VI-76. (Type no. 72138 NMNH).
description: Published as part of Schwertner, Cristiano F. & Grazia, Jocelia, 2012, Review of the Neotropical Genus Aleixus Mcdonald (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Procleticini), with Description of a New Species and Cladistic Analysis of the Tribe Procleticini, pp. 252-262 in Entomologica Americana 118 (1) on page 255, DOI: 10.1664/12-RA-034.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3627190
description: {"references": ["Rolston, L. H. and F. J. D. McDonald. 1981. Conspectus of the Pentatomini genera of the Western Hemisphere - part 2 (Hemiptera: Pentatomidae). Journal of the New York Entomogical Society 88: 257 - 272.", "Rider, D. A. 1994. A generic conspectus of the tribe Procleticini Pennington (Heteroptera, Pentatomidae), with the description of Paraodmalea rubella, new genus and species. Journal of the New York Entomological Society 102: 193 - 221."]}
X- Ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism at the Iron K Edge in Rare-Earth-Transition-Metal Intermetallics: Experimental Probe of the Rare-Earth Magnetic Moment
Creators: name: J. Chaboy
name: H. Maruyama
name: L. M. GarcÃ­A
name: J. BartolomÃ©
name: K. Kobayashi
name: N.  Kawamura
name: A. Marcelli
name: L. Bozukov
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1996

description: We present a systematic X-Ray Circular Magnetic Dichroism study performed at the Fe K-edge on the R2Fe14B series (R=rare-earth and Y). The magnetic XCMD signal has been identified as due to the addition of two components associated to the magnetic contributions from the iron and the rare-sublattices. The contribution of the rare-earth sublattice has been extracted from the total XCMD signal. The integrated XCDM signal of the R component is proven to be directly correlated with the R magnetic moment.
First Stars -- Type Ib Supernovae Connection
Creators: name: Nomoto, Keni'chi
name: Tanaka, Masaomi
name: Kamiya, Yasuomi
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Maeda, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The very peculiar abundance patterns observed in extremely metal-poor (EMP) stars can not be explained by ordinary supernova nucleosynthesis but can be well-reproduced by nucleosynthesis in hyper-energetic and hyper-aspherical explosions, i.e., Hypernovae (HNe). Previously, such HNe have been observed only as Type Ic supernovae. Here, we examine the properties of recent Type Ib supernovae (SNe Ib). In particular, SN Ib 2008D associated with the luminous X-ray transient 080109 is found to be a more energetic explosion than normal core-collapse supernovae. We estimate that the progenitor's main sequence mass is 20--25 M_sun and a kinetic energy of explosion is ~ 6 x 10^{51} erg. These properties are intermediate between those of normal SNe and hypernovae associated with gamma-ray bursts. Such energetic SNe Ib can make important contribution to the chemical enrichment in the early Universe.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Interference Effects on the Coupling Impedance of Many Holes in a Coaxial Beam Pipe
Creators: name: S. De Santis
name: A. Mostacci
name: L. Palumbo
name: B. Spataro
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1997

description: The problem of many holes in a coaxial beam pipe is studied by means of the modified Bethe's theory. The electromagnetic fields propagating in the coaxial region couple to the equivalent dipole moments of the holes. The effect of the coupling on the longitudinal impedance and on the loss factor is investigated, showing that the interference phenomena are significant for such geometries.
Fiji’s short-lived experiment in executive power-sharing, May – December 2006
Creators: name: Green, Michael
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2009
Subjects: governance
Fiji

description: "Much of the commentary on Fiji’s coup of December 2006, particularly that sympathetic to Commodore Bainimarama’s intervention, pays little attention to, or grossly misrepresents, the nature of the government that he removed. Contrary to the military regime’s post-coup rhetoric about the ethnically divisive policies of the Qarase Government, the period from May to December had seen an experiment in executive power-sharing in which, for the first time, the provisions of s.99 of the 1997 Constitution were fully and faithfully implemented, with Fiji’s two biggest political parties, each supported by a large majority of one of Fiji’s two major ethnic groups, cooperating in Cabinet. Its untimely end is now held by some commentators to be proof of the inherent unworkability of s.99. This paper seeks to test that proposition." - page 1
Cluster randomized controlled trial of a mobile market intervention to increase fruit and vegetable intake among adults in lower-income communities in North Carolina
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cluster-randomized trial
subject: Food environment
subject: Fruits and vegetables
subject: Lower-income
subject: Mobile market
subject: Adult
subject: Consumer Behavior
subject: Cooking
subject: Diet
subject: Feeding Behavior
subject: Female
subject: Fruit
subject: Health Behavior
subject: Health Promotion
subject: Humans
subject: Male
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Middle Aged
subject: North Carolina
subject: Nutritional Status
subject: Poverty
subject: Program Evaluation
subject: Retrospective Studies
subject: Self Efficacy
subject: Surveys and Questionnaires
subject: Vegetables

description: BACKGROUND: Poorer diets and subsequent higher rates of chronic disease among lower-income individuals may be partially attributed to reduced access to fresh fruits and vegetables (F&V) and other healthy foods. Mobile markets are an increasingly popular method for providing access to F&V in underserved communities, but evaluation efforts are limited. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of Veggie Van (VV), a mobile produce market, on F&V intake in lower-income communities using a group randomized controlled trial. METHODS: VV is a mobile produce market that sells reduced-cost locally grown produce and offers nutrition and cooking education. We recruited 12 sites in lower-income communities in North Carolina (USA) to host VV, randomizing them to receive VV immediately (intervention) or after the 6-month study period (delayed intervention control). Participants at each site completed baseline and follow-up surveys including F&V intake, perceived access to fresh F&V and self-efficacy for purchasing, preparing and eating F&V. We used multiple linear regression to calculate adjusted differences in outcomes while controlling for baseline values, education and clustering within site. RESULTS: Among 142 participants who completed the follow-up, baseline F&V intake was 3.48 cups/day for control and 3.33 for intervention. At follow-up, adjusted change in F&V consumption was 0.95 cups/day greater for intervention participants (p = 0.005), but was attenuated to 0.51 cups per day (p = 0.11) after removing extreme values. VV customers increased their F&V consumption by 0.41 cups/day (n = 30) compared to a 0.25 cups/day decrease for 111 non-customers (p = 0.04). Intervention participants did not show significant improvements in perceived access to fresh F&V, but increased their self-efficacy for working more F&V into snacks (p = 0.02), making up a vegetable dish with what they had on hand (p = 0.03), and cooking vegetables in a way that is appealing to their family (p = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Mobile markets may help improve F&V intake in lower-income communities. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Clinicaltrials.gov ID# NCT03026608 retrospectively registered January 2, 2017.
Eikonalised minijet model analysis of  σ_γγ^inel
Creators: name: A. Corsetti
name: R.M. Godbole
name: G. Pancheri
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1998

description: We study the theoretical predictions for the total inelastic γγ cross-sections, with an emphasis on the eikonalised minijet model (EMM). In the context of the EMM, we discuss a new ansatz for the overlap function involving the photons. We discuss the dependence of the EMM predictions on various input parameters as well as predictions for σ_γγ^inel from a simple extension of the Regge Pomeron Exchange model. We then compare both with the recent LEP data.
Electrical Control of Structural and Physical Properties via Strong Spin-Orbit Interactions in Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: cond-mat.str-el

description: © 2018 American Physical Society. Electrical control of structural and physical properties is a long-sought, but elusive goal of contemporary science and technology. We demonstrate that a combination of strong spin-orbit interactions (SOI) and a canted antiferromagnetic Mott state is sufficient to attain that goal. The antiferromagnetic insulator Sr2IrO4 provides a model system in which strong SOI lock canted Ir magnetic moments to IrO6 octahedra, causing them to rigidly rotate together. A novel coupling between an applied electrical current and the canting angle reduces the Néel temperature and drives a large, nonlinear lattice expansion that closely tracks the magnetization, increases the electron mobility, and precipitates a unique resistive switching effect. Our observations open new avenues for understanding fundamental physics driven by strong SOI in condensed matter, and provide a new paradigm for functional materials and devices.
Multi-Particle Anderson Localisation: Induction on the Number of Particles
Creators: name: Chulaevsky, Victor
name: Suhov, Yuri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is a follow-up of our recent papers \cite{CS08} and \cite{CS09} covering the two-particle Anderson model. Here we establish the phenomenon of Anderson localisation for a quantum $N$-particle system on a lattice $\Z^d$ with short-range interaction and in presence of an IID external potential with sufficiently regular marginal cumulative distribution function (CDF). Our main method is an adaptation of the multi-scale analysis (MSA; cf. \cite{FS}, \cite{FMSS}, \cite{DK}) to multi-particle systems, in combination with an induction on the number of particles, as was proposed in our earlier manuscript \cite{CS07}. Similar results have been recently obtained in an independent work by Aizenman and Warzel \cite{AW08}: they proposed an extension of the Fractional-Moment Method (FMM) developed earlier for single-particle models in \cite{AM93} and \cite{ASFH01} (see also references therein) which is also combined with an induction on the number of particles. An important role in our proof is played by a variant of Stollmann's eigenvalue concentration bound (cf. \cite{St00}). This result, as was proved earlier in \cite{C08}, admits a straightforward extension covering the case of multi-particle systems with correlated external random potentials: a subject of our future work. We also stress that the scheme of our proof is \textit{not} specific to lattice systems, since our main method, the MSA, admits a continuous version. A proof of multi-particle Anderson localization in continuous interacting systems with various types of external random potentials will be published in a separate papers.