cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Carbon Shell or Core Ignitions in White Dwarfs Accreting from Helium Stars
Creators: name: Brooks, Jared
name: Bildsten, Lars
name: Schwab, Josiah
name: Paxton, Bill
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: White dwarfs accreting from helium stars can stably burn at the accreted rate and avoid the challenge of mass loss associated with unstable Helium burning that is a concern for many Type Ia supernovae scenarios. We study binaries with helium stars of mass $1.25 M_\odot\le M_{\rm{He}} \le 1.8 M_\odot$, which have lost their hydrogen rich envelopes in an earlier common envelope event and now orbit with periods ($P_{\rm orb}$) of several hours with non-rotating $0.84$ and $1.0 M_\odot$ C/O WDs. The helium stars fill their Roche lobes (RLs) after exhaustion of central helium and donate helium on their thermal timescales (${\sim}10^5$yr). As shown by others, these mass transfer rates coincide with the steady helium burning range for WDs, and grow the WD core up to near the Chandrasekhar mass ($M_{\rm Ch}$) and a core carbon ignition. We show here, however, that many of these scenarios lead to an ignition of hot carbon ashes near the outer edge of the WD and an inward going carbon flame that does not cause an explosive outcome. For $P_{\rm orb} = 3$ hours, $1.0 M_\odot$ C/O WDs with donor masses $M_{\rm He}\gtrsim1.8 M_\odot$ experience a shell carbon ignition, while $M_{\rm He}\lesssim1.3 M_\odot$ will fall below the steady helium burning range and undergo helium flashes before reaching core C ignition. Those with $1.3 M_\odot \lesssim M_{\rm He} \lesssim 1.7 M_\odot$ will experience a core C ignition. We also calculate the retention fraction of accreted helium when the accretion rate leads to recurrent weak helium flashes.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
Study on the high spectral intensity at the Dirac energy of single-layer graphene on an SiC substrate
Creators: name: Hwang, Jinwoong
name: Hwang, Choongyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated electron band structure of epitaxially grown graphene on an SiC(0001) substrate using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy. In single-layer graphene, abnormal high spectral intensity is observed at the Dirac energy whose origin has been questioned between in-gap states induced by the buffer layer and plasmaron bands induced by electron-plasmon interactions. With the formation of double-layer graphene, the Dirac energy does not show the high spectral intensity any longer different from the single-layer case. The inconsistency between the two systems suggests that the main ingredient of the high spectral intensity at the Dirac energy of single-layer graphene is the electronic states originating from the coupling of the graphene $π$ bands to the localized $π$ states of the buffer layer, consistent with the theoretical prediction on the presence of in-gap states.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Drug triggered pruritus, rash, papules, and blisters – is AGEP a clash of an altered sphingolipid-metabolism and lysosomotropism of drugs accumulating in the skin?
Creators: name: Blaess, Markus
name: Kaiser, Lars
name: Sommerfeld, Oliver
name: Csuk, René
name: Deigner, Hans-Peter
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Rash, photosensitivity, erythema multiforme, and the acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis (AGEP) are relatively uncommon adverse reactions of drugs. To date, the etiology is not well understood and individual susceptibility still remains unknown. Amiodarone, chlorpromazine, amitriptyline, and trimipramine are classified lysosomotropic as well as photosensitizing, however, they fail to trigger rash and pruritic papules in all individuals. Lysosomotropism is a common charcteristic of various drugs, but independent of individuals. There is evidence that the individual ability to respond to external oxidative stress is crosslinked with the elongation of long-chain fatty acids to very long-chain fatty acids by ELOVLs. ELOVL6 and ELOVL7 are sensitive to ROS induced depletion of cellular NADPH and insufficient regeneration via the pentose phosphate pathway and mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation. Deficiency of NADPH in presence of lysosomotropic drugs promotes the synthesis of C16-ceramide in lysosomes and may contribute to emerging pruritic papules of AGEP. However, independently from a lysosomomotropic drug, severe depletion of ATP and NAD(P)H, e.g., by UV radiation or a potent photosensitizer can trigger likewise the collapse of the lysosomal transmembrane proton gradient resulting in lysosomal C16-ceramide synthesis and pruritic papules. This kind of papules are equally present in polymorphous light eruption (PMLE/PLE) and acne aestivalis (Mallorca acne). The suggested model of a compartmentalized ceramide metabolism provides a more sophisticated explanation of cutaneous drug adverse effects and the individual sensitivity to UV radiation. Parameters such as pKa and ClogP of the triggering drug, cutaneous fatty acid profile, and ceramide profile enables new concepts in risk assessment and scoring of AGEP as well as prophylaxis outcome.
Ets in the human endometrium : mediators of progesterone repression of matrix metalloproteinase-1
Creators: name: Kilpatrick., Lynette Merle
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021
Subjects: classificationCode: 321502
subject: Obstetrics and gynaecology

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Non-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging of unruptured intracranial aneurysms at 7 Tesla: comparison to the gold standard
Creators: name: Matsushige, Toshinori
name: Damman, Philipp
name: Quick, Harald H.
name: Sure, Ulrich
name: Schlamann, Marc
name: Wrede, Karsten H.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: intracranial aneurysms
subject: 7 Tesla MRA
subject: DSA
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objective: To prospectively evaluate time-of-flight (TOF) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and magnetization-prepared rapid acquisition gradient-echo (MPRAGE) at 7 Tesla for delineation of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (UIAs) in comparison to digital subtraction angiography (DSA). Method:[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 67. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 1. Joint Meeting mit der Koreanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (KNS)
De/colonizing OpenStreetMap? : local mappers, humanitarian and commercial actors and the changing modes of collaborative mapping
Creators: name: Schröder-Bergen, Susanne
name: Glasze, Georg
name: Michel, Boris
name: Dammann, Finn
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 550

description: In its early days, the geodata and mapping project OpenStreetMap (OSM) was widely celebrated for opening up and “democratizing” the production of geographic knowledge. However, critical research highlights that the new socio-technical practices of collaborative mapping often also produce or reproduce patterns of exclusion, not least in the area of relative data density between the Global South and North. These findings notwithstanding, we consider it important to acknowledge the increasing number of contributions of geodata from regions outside the old European core of OSM. This expansion of geodata production in OSM is related to a diversification of OSM actors and socio-technical practices. While OSM has often been described as a crowd-based project bringing together thousands of individual craft mappers, our analysis of OSM metadata indicates new institutional actors are gaining relevance. These developments have not only resulted in new collaborations but also conflicts between local mapping communities and institutional actors. We interpret these processes in two ways. First, the expansion of mapping activities can be viewed as a decolonizing process, whereby quantitative differences in data density between the Global North and South are partly reduced and new groups of local mappers are empowered to produce geographic knowledge. Second, these new developments can also be understood as colonizing processes. The engagement of large commercial actors in OSM raises concerns that the project (and its local mappers) could be used as a new means of data extraction and that in particular new and diverse voices in the OSM community are marginalized by a fixation on economically exploitable, modernistic and universalistic epistemologies. However, this supposedly clear distinction should not obscure the fact that colonizing and decolonizing processes intertwine in complex ways.
Quantification of surface displacements and electromechanical phenomena via dynamic atomic force microscopy
Creators: name: Balke, Nina
name: Jesse, Stephen
name: Yu, Pu
name: Carmichael, Ben
name: Kalinin, Sergei V.
name: Tselev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of dynamic surface displacements associated with local changes in material strain provides access to a number of phenomena and material properties. Contact resonance-enhanced methods of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) have been shown capable of detecting ~1-3 pm-level surface displacements, an approach used in techniques such as piezoresponse force microscopy, atomic force acoustic microscopy, and ultrasonic force microscopy. Here, based on an analytical model of AFM cantilever vibrations, we demonstrate a guideline to quantify surface displacements with a high accuracy by taking into account the cantilever shape at the first resonant contact mode depending on the tip-sample contact stiffness. The approach has been experimentally verified and further developed for the piezoresponse force microscopy (PFM) using well-defined ferroelectric materials. These results open up a way to accurate and precise measurements of the surface displacement as well as piezoelectric constants at the pm-scale with nanometer spatial resolution and will allow avoiding erroneous data interpretations and measurement artefacts. This analysis is directly applicable to all cantilever-resonance-based SPM techniques.
description: 21 page, 6 figures + Supplementary data (2 tables, 4 figures)
title: Intraocular pressure during intradural spine surgery in prone position – preliminary results of a prospective single center trial
Creators: name: Czorlich, Patrick
name: Kluge, Nikolas
name: Skevas, Christos
name: Knospe, Volker
name: Westphal, Manfred
name: Eicker, Sven Oliver
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objective: Postoperative loss of vision (PLV) is a rare but serious complication in approximately 0.05% of all spinal surgeries performed in prone position. The intraocular pressure (IOP) increases in the prone position and it is supposed that this leads to a decrease of the perfusion pressure [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 67. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 1. Joint Meeting mit der Koreanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (KNS)
title: A paradigm shift of ligamentum flavum hypertrophy analysis: the hypertrophic activity
Creators: name: Hur, Junseok W.
name: Lee, Jang-Bo
name: Cho, Tai-Hyoung
name: Park, Jung-Yul
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objective: Ligamentum flavum hypertrophy (LFH) is a major contributor in lumbar spinal canal stenosis (LSCS) but its pathophysiology is seldom known. The following static one-way algorithm was suggested as a mechanism of LFH; mechanical stress, inflammation, angiogenesis, and fibrosis occurring in consecutive[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 67. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 1. Joint Meeting mit der Koreanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (KNS)
The molecular basis of cortisol resistance
Creators: name: Keightley., Maria-Cristina
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Detailed Mechanisms Underlying Neutrophil Bactericidal Activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae
Creators: name: Tsai, Z
name: Carver, KA
name: Gong, HH
name: Kosai, K
name: Deng, JC
name: Worley, MJ
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: Streptococcus pneumoniae
Toll-like receptor
bactericidal
degranulation
innate immunity
neutrophil
neutrophil extracellular trap
phagocytosis
reactive oxygen species

description: Neutrophils are an essential cellular component of innate immunity and control bacterial infections through a combination of intracellular and extracellular killing methods. Although the importance of neutrophils has been established, the exact methods used to handle particular bacterial challenges and the efficiency of bacterial killing remain not well understood. In this study, we addressed how neutrophils eliminate Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn), a leading cause of community acquired and post-influenza bacterial pneumonia. We analyzed killing methods with variable bacterial:neutrophil concentrations and following priming with PAM3CSK4 (P3CSK), an agonist for Toll-like-receptor 2 (TLR2). Our results show that murine neutrophils display surprisingly weak bactericidal activity against Spn, employing a predominantly extracellular mode of killing at lower concentrations of bacteria, whereas challenges with higher bacterial numbers induce both extracellular and intracellular elimination modes but require TLR2 activation. TLR2 activation increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation in response to Spn. Despite this, supernatants from P3CSK-stimulated neutrophils failed to independently alter bacterial replication. Our study reveals that unstimulated neutrophils are capable of eliminating bacteria only at lower concentrations via extracellular killing methods, whereas TLR2 activation primes neutrophil-mediated killing using both intracellular and extracellular methods under higher bacterial burdens.
Thermal expansion and transport in van der Waals solids from first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Lindroth, Daniel O.
name: Erhart, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lattice thermal expansion and conductivity in bulk Mo and W-based transition metal dichalcogenides are investigated by means of density functional and Boltzmann transport theory calculations. To this end, a recent van der Waals density functional (vdW-DF-CX) is employed, which is shown to yield excellent agreement with reference data for the structural parameters. The calculated in-plane thermal conductivity compares well with experimental room temperature values, when phonon-phonon and isotopic scattering are included. To explain the behavior over the entire available temperature range one must, however, include additional (temperature independent) scattering mechanisms that limit the mean free path. Generally, the primary heat carrying modes have mean free paths of $1\,μ\text{m}$ or more, which makes these materials very susceptible to structural defects. The conductivity of Mo and W-based TMDs is primarily determined by the chalcogenide species and increases in the order Te-Se-S. While for the tellurides and selenides the transition metal element has a negligible effect, the conductivity of WS$_2$ is notably higher than for MoS$_2$, which can be traced to the much larger phonon band gap of the former. Overall the present study provides a consistent set of thermal conductivities that reveal chemical trends and constitute the basis for future investigations of van der Waals solids.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures, 2 tables
Carbon and oxygen abundance gradients in NGC300 and M33 from optical recombination lines
Creators: name: Cipriano, L. Toribio San
name: García-Rojas, J.
name: Esteban, C.
name: Bresolin, F.
name: Peimbert, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep spectrophotometry of several Hii regions in the nearby low-mass spiral galaxies NGC 300 and M33. The data have been taken with UVES and OSIRIS spectrographs attached to the 8m VLT and 10.4m GTC telescopes, respectively. We have derived precise values of the physical conditions for each object making use of several emission line-intensity ratios. In particular, we have obtained direct determinations of the electron temperature in all the observed objects. We detect pure recombination lines (RLs) of Cii and Oii in several of the Hii regions, permitting to derive their C/H and C/O ratios. We have derived the radial abundance gradient of O for each galaxy making use of collisionally excited lines (CELs) and RLs, as well as the C and N gradients using RLs and CELs, respectively. We obtain the first determination of the C/H gradient of NGC 300 and improve its determination in the case of M33. In both galaxies, the C/H gradients are steeper that those of O/H, leading to negative C/O gradients. Comparing with similar results for other spiral galaxies, we find a strong correlation between the slope of the C/H gradient and M_V. We find that some Hii regions located close to the isophotal radius (R_25) of NGC 300 and M33 show C/O ratios more similar to those typical of dwarf galaxies than those of Hii regions in the discs of more massive spirals. This may be related to the absence of flattening of the gradients in the external parts of NGC 300 and M33. Finally, we find very similar N/H gradients in both galaxies and a fair correlation between the slope of the N/H gradient and M_V comparing with similar data for a sample of spiral galaxies.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures, 13 Tables
The dark days are overcast: Iron-bearing clouds on HD 209458 b and WASP-43 b can explain low dayside albedos
Creators: name: Chubb, K. L.
name: Samra, D.
name: Helling, Ch.
name: Carone, L.
name: Stam, D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We simulate the geometric albedo spectra of hot Jupiter exoplanets HD 209458 b and WASP-43 b, based on global climate model (GCMs) post-processed with kinetic cloud models. We predict WASP-43 b to be cloudy throughout its dayside, while HD 209458 b has a clear upper atmosphere around the hot sub-solar point, largely due to the inclusion of strong optical absorbers TiO and VO in the GCM for the latter causes a temperature inversion. In both cases our models find low geometric albedos - 0.026 for WASP-43b and 0.028 for HD 209458 b when averaged over the CHEOPS bandpass of 0.35 - 1.1 microns - indicating dark daysides, similar to the low albedos measured by observations. We demonstrate the strong impact of clouds that contain Fe-bearing species on the modelled geometric albedos; without Fe-bearing species forming in the clouds, the albedos of both planets would be much higher (0.518 for WASP-43 b, 1.37 for HD 209458 b). We conclude that a cloudy upper or mid-to-lower atmosphere that contains strongly absorbing Fe-bearing aerosol species, is an alternative to a cloud-free atmosphere in explaining the low dayside albedos of hot Jupiter atmospheres such as HD 209458 b and WASP-43 b.
description: Published in MNRAS
The unreasonable effectiveness of hydrodynamics in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Noronha-Hostler, Jacquelyn
name: Noronha, Jorge
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Event-by-event hydrodynamic simulations of AA and pA collisions involve initial energy densities with large spatial gradients. This is associated with the presence of large Knudsen numbers ($K_n\approx 1$) at early times, which may lead one to question the validity of the hydrodynamic approach in these rapidly evolving, largely inhomogeneous systems. A new procedure to smooth out the initial energy densities is employed to show that the initial spatial eccentricities, $\varepsilon_n$, are remarkably robust with respect to variations in the underlying scale of initial energy density spatial gradients, $λ$. For $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=2.76$ TeV LHC initial conditions generated by the MCKLN code, $\varepsilon_n$ (across centralities) remains nearly constant if the fluctuation scale varies by an order of magnitude, i.e., when $λ$ varies from 0.1 to 1 fm. Given that the local Knudsen number $K_n\approx \frac{1}λ$, the robustness of the initial eccentricities with respect to changes in the fluctuation scale suggests that the vn's cannot be used to distinguish between events with large $K_n$ from events where $K_n$ is in the hydrodynamic regime. We use the 2+1 Lagrangian hydrodynamic code v-USPhydro to show that this is indeed the case: anisotropic flow coefficients computed within event-by-event viscous hydrodynamics are only sensitive to long wavelength scales of order $\frac{1}{Λ_{QCD}}\approx 1$ fm and are incredibly robust with respect to variations in the initial local Knudsen number. This robustness can be used to justify the somewhat unreasonable effectiveness of the nearly perfect fluid paradigm in heavy ion collisions.
description: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Ultrarelativistic Nucleus-Nucleus Collisions (Quark Matter 2015), Kobe, Japan,4 pages, 4 figures
The Optical Potential on the Lattice
Creators: name: Agadjanov, Dimitri
name: Doring, Michael
name: Mai, Maxim
name: Meißner, Ulf-G.
name: Rusetsky, Akaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraction of hadron-hadron scattering parameters from lattice data by using the Lüscher approach becomes increasingly complicated in the presence of inelastic channels. We propose a method for the direct extraction of the complex hadron-hadron optical potential on the lattice, which does not require the use of the multi-channel Lüscher formalism. Moreover, this method is applicable without modifications if some inelastic channels contain three or more particles.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures
Mapping protein carboxymethylation sites provides insights into their role in proteostasis and cell proliferation
Creators: name: Di Sanzo, Simone
name: Spengler, Katrin
name: Leheis, Anja
name: Kirkpatrick, Joanna M.
name: Rändler, Theresa L.
name: Baldensperger, Tim
name: Dau, Thérèse Thuy Dung
name: Henning, Christian
name: Parca, Luca
name: Marx, Christian
name: Wang, Zhao-Qi
name: Glomb, Marcus A.
name: Ori, Alessandro
name: Heller, Regine
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540

description: Posttranslational mechanisms play a key role in modifying the abundance and function of cellular proteins. Among these, modification by advanced glycation end products has been shown to accumulate during aging and age-associated diseases but specific protein targets and functional consequences remain largely unexplored. Here, we devise a proteomic strategy to identify sites of carboxymethyllysine modification, one of the most abundant advanced glycation end products. We identify over 1000 sites of protein carboxymethylation in mouse and primary human cells treated with the glycating agent glyoxal. By using quantitative proteomics, we find that protein glycation triggers a proteotoxic response and indirectly affects the protein degradation machinery. In primary endothelial cells, we show that glyoxal induces cell cycle perturbation and that carboxymethyllysine modification reduces acetylation of tubulins and impairs microtubule dynamics. Our data demonstrate the relevance of carboxymethyllysine modification for cellular function and pinpoint specific protein networks that might become compromised during aging.
Clinical evaluation of Australian based garlic and its combination with inulin in mild and moderate hyperlipidaemia
Creators: name: Kannar., David
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The rhythm of Fairall 9 -- I: Observing the spectral variability with XMM-Newton and NuSTAR
Creators: name: Lohfink, Anne
name: Reynolds, Christopher
name: Pinto, Ciro
name: Alston, William
name: Boggs, Steven
name: Christensen, Finn
name: Craig, William
name: Fabian, Andrew
name: Hailey, Charles
name: Harrison, Fiona
name: Kara, Erin
name: Matt, Giorgio
name: Parker, Michael
name: Stern, Daniel
name: Walton, Dominic
name: Zhang, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a multi-epoch X-ray spectral analysis of the Seyfert 1 galaxy Fairall 9. Our analysis shows that Fairall 9 displays unique spectral variability in that its ratio residuals to a simple absorbed power law in the 0.5-10 keV band remain constant with time in spite of large variations in flux. This behavior implies an unchanging source geometry and the same emission processes continuously at work at the timescale probed. With the constraints from NuSTAR on the broad-band spectral shape, it is clear that the soft excess in this source is a superposition of two different processes, one being blurred ionized reflection in the innermost parts of the accretion disk, and the other a continuum component such as spatially distinct Comptonizing region. Alternatively, a more complex primary Comptonization component together with blurred ionized reflection could be responsible.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Violin Driven Synthesis from Spectral Models
Creators: name: Kellum, Greg
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: The aim of this project is to explore the use of the violin as a controller for real time synthesis. In this document acoustical features unique to bowed strings are identified which are relevant for controlling sound synthesis. Algorithms are given for extracting these features using both time-domain and spectral domain-based techniques. And a real-time synthesizer is presented that uses these feature descriptors to control a sample-based synthesizer. In particular an application scenario is presented where a violin is used to control synthesis from a spectral model of a guitar being played with an ebow.
Building Better Datasets: Seven Recommendations for Responsible Design from Dataset Creators
Creators: name: Orr, Will
name: Crawford, Kate
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing demand for high-quality datasets in machine learning has raised concerns about the ethical and responsible creation of these datasets. Dataset creators play a crucial role in developing responsible practices, yet their perspectives and expertise have not yet been highlighted in the current literature. In this paper, we bridge this gap by presenting insights from a qualitative study that included interviewing 18 leading dataset creators about the current state of the field. We shed light on the challenges and considerations faced by dataset creators, and our findings underscore the potential for deeper collaboration, knowledge sharing, and collective development. Through a close analysis of their perspectives, we share seven central recommendations for improving responsible dataset creation, including issues such as data quality, documentation, privacy and consent, and how to mitigate potential harms from unintended use cases. By fostering critical reflection and sharing the experiences of dataset creators, we aim to promote responsible dataset creation practices and develop a nuanced understanding of this crucial but often undervalued aspect of machine learning research.
description: 21 pages, 1 figure
title: Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in advanced age: Comparison of patients aged ‘70–79’ years and ‘80 years and older’
Creators: name: Brawanski, Nina
name: Platz, Johannes
name: Kunze, Franziska
name: Senft, Christian
name: Seifert, Volker
name: Konczalla, Jürgen
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: elderly patients
subject: subarachnoid hemorrhage
subject: outcome
subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Objective: According to actual demographic changes nowadays clinical routine shows an increasing admission rate of elderly patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). We retrospectively compared patients aged from ‘70-79’ and patients aged ‘80 years and older’.[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 67. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (DGNC), 1. Joint Meeting mit der Koreanischen Gesellschaft für Neurochirurgie (KNS)
The barley mutant multiflorus2.b reveals quantitative genetic variation for new spikelet architecture
Creators: name: Koppolu, Ravi
name: Jiang, Guojing
name: Milner, Sara G.
name: Muqaddasi, Quddoos H.
name: Rutten, Twan
name: Himmelbach, Axel
name: Guo, Yu
name: Stein, Nils
name: Mascher, Martin
name: Schnurbusch, Thorsten
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 580

description: Understanding the genetic basis of yield forming factors in small grain cereals is of extreme importance, especially in the wake of stagnation of further yield gains in these crops. One such yield forming factor in these cereals is the number of grain-bearing florets produced per spikelet. Wild-type barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) spikelets are determinate structures, and the spikelet axis (rachilla) degenerates after producing single floret. In contrast, the rachilla of wheat (Triticum ssp.) spikelets, which are indeterminate, elongates to produce up to 12 florets. In our study, we characterized the barley spikelet determinacy mutant multiflorus2.b (mul2.b) that produced up to three fertile florets on elongated rachillae of lateral spikelets. Apart from the lateral spikelet indeterminacy (LS-IN), we also characterized the supernumerary spikelet phenotype in the central spikelets (CS-SS) of mul2.b. Through our phenotypic and genetic analyses, we identified two major QTLs on chromosomes 2H and 6H, and two minor QTLs on 3H for the LS-IN phenotype. For, the CS-SS phenotype, we identified one major QTL on 6H, and a minor QTL on 5H chromosomes. Notably, the 6H QTLs for CS-SS and LS-IN phenotypes co-located with each other, potentially indicating that a single genetic factor might regulate both phenotypes. Thus, our in-depth phenotyping combined with genetic analyses revealed the quantitative nature of the LS-IN and CS-SS phenotypes in mul2.b, paving the way for cloning the genes underlying these QTLs in the future.
A BIC-based approach to singer identification
Creators: name: Janer, Xavier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: A new singer identification system is presented in this thesis. The system is based on the idea of using only the vocal segments of a song to build the model of a particular singer. The most important contribution of the technique is the way these vocal segments are located. The borders between vocal and instrumental parts are first detected with the Bayesian Information Criterion(BIC), which is fed with our new panning coefficients. Then, each segment is classified as vocal or instrumental by a decision tree based on MFCCs. Having vocal segments located, our method works like most speaker identification systems do, that is, by training a GMM for each singer through the Expectation-Maximization algorithm. The performance of the singer identification system has not been as successful as expected, however many other applications can be thought of based on the proposed segmentation technique.
Long wavelength perfect fluidity from short distance jet transport in quark-gluon plasmas
Creators: name: Xu, Jiechen
name: Liao, Jinfeng
name: Gyulassy, Miklos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a new phenomenological framework that bridges the long wavelength bulk viscous transport properties of the strongly-coupled quark-gluon plasma (sQGP) and short distance hard jet transport properties in the QGP. The full nonperturbative chromo-electric (E) and chromo-magnetic (M) structure of the near "perfect fluid" like sQGP in the critical transition region are integrated into a semi-Quark-Gluon-Monopole Plasma (sQGMP) model lattice-compatibly and implemented into the new CUJET3.0 jet quenching framework. All observables computed from CUJET3.0 are found to be consistent with available data at RHIC and LHC simultaneously. A quantitative connection between the shear viscosity and jet transport parameter is rigorously established within this framework. We deduce the $T=160-600$ MeV dependence of the QGP's $η/s$: its near vanishing value in the near $T_c$ regime is determined by the composition of E and M charges, it increases as $T$ rises, and its high $T$ limit is fixed by color screening scales.
description: 4 pages excluding references, 3 figures, elsarticle style; contributed talk by Jiechen Xu at Quark Matter 2015, Kobe
Molecular Distribution in the Spiral Arm of M51
Creators: name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Sakai, Nami
name: Sorai, Kazuo
name: Ueda, Junko
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular line images of 13CO, C18O, CN, CS, CH3OH, and HNCO are obtained toward the spiral arm of M51 at a 7" times 6" resolution with the Combined Array for Research in Millimeter-wave Astronomy (CARMA). Distributions of the molecules averaged over a 300 pc scale are found to be almost similar to one another and to essentially trace the spiral arm. However, the principal component analysis shows a slight difference of distributions among molecular species particularly for CH3OH and HNCO. These two species do not correlate well with star-formation rate, implying that they are not enhanced by local star-formation activities but by galactic-scale phenomena such as spiral shocks. Furthermore, the distribution of HNCO and CH3OH are found to be slightly different, whose origin deserves further investigation. The present results provide us with an important clue to understanding the 300 pc scale chemical composition in the spiral arm and its relation to galactic-scale dynamics.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 8 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
The involvement of the central nervous system in the control of food intake and obesity : from the gut to the cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Kampe., Juliane
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Leibniz vs Ishiguro: Closing a quarter-century of syncategoremania
Creators: name: Bascelli, Tiziana
name: Blaszczyk, Piotr
name: Kanovei, Vladimir
name: Katz, Karin U.
name: Katz, Mikhail G.
name: Schaps, David M.
name: Sherry, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 01A45, 01A85

description: Did Leibniz exploit infinitesimals and infinities `a la rigueur, or only as shorthand for quantified propositions that refer to ordinary Archimedean magnitudes? Chapter 5 in (Ishiguro 1990) is a defense of the latter position, which she reformulates in terms of Russellian logical fictions. Ishiguro does not explain how to reconcile this interpretation with Leibniz's repeated assertions that infinitesimals violate the Archimedean property, viz., Euclid's Elements, V.4. We present textual evidence from Leibniz, as well as historical evidence from the early decades of the calculus, to undermine Ishiguro's interpretation. Leibniz frequently writes that his infinitesimals are useful fictions, and we agree; but we shall show that it is best not to understand them as logical fictions; instead, they are better understood as pure fictions. Keywords: Archimedean property; infinitesimal; logical fiction; pure fiction; quantified paraphrase; law of homogeneity
description: 37 pages. Published in HOPOS (Journal of the International Society for the History of Philosophy of Science) online
Coincidence of primary adrenocortical carcinoma and melanoma: three CASE reports
Creators: name: Ko, Ye Lynn
name: Suresh Kumar, Vaishnavi
name: Lippert, Juliane
name: Diaz-Cano, Salvador J.
name: Skordilis, Kassiani
name: Kimpel, Otilia
name: Kircher, Stefan
name: Asia, Miriam
name: Elhassan, Yasir S
name: Altieri, Barbara
name: Ronchi, Cristina L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cancer diagnosis
Cancer cell biology
Cancer genetics
Molecular targets
Oncology and carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
Solid tumours
Predictive and prognostic markers

description: Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare endocrine malignancy with a heterogeneous prognosis, while adrenal metastasis from other primary cancers, including melanoma, may occur more frequently. ACC may rarely occur as part of familial cancer syndromes, but even in sporadic cases, a significant proportion of patients had other malignancies before or after diagnosis of ACC. Herein we present three cases where sporadic ACC was identified in patients with coexistent or previous history of melanoma. Case description: Patient 1 - A 37-yr-old man with a superficial spreading BRAF-positive melanoma was found to harbour a progressively growing left adrenal mass. Initially, he was suspected of having adrenal metastasis, but the histology after adrenalectomy confirmed ACC. Patient 2 - A 68-year-old man with a history of recurrent BRAF-positive melanoma was diagnosed with disseminated metastatic melanoma recurrence, including a rapidly enlarging left adrenal mass. Consequently, he underwent left adrenalectomy, and histology again confirmed ACC. Patient 3 - A 50-yr-old man was referred with histological diagnosis of metastatic ACC. He had a background history of pT1 melanoma. We undertook targeted sequencing of ACC tissue samples in all cases. Somatic variants were observed in the known driver genes CTNNB1 (Patient 1), APC and KMT2D (Patient 2), and APC and TP53 (Patient 3). Germline TP53 variants (Li-Fraumeni syndrome) were excluded in all cases. Retrospective review of our patient cohort in the last 21 years revealed a frequency of 0.5% of histologically diagnosed melanoma metastasis among patients referred for adrenal masses. On the other hand, 1.6% of patients with histologically confirmed ACC had a previous history of melanoma. Conclusion: Sporadic ACC can occur in the background of melanoma, even if adrenal metastasis might appear to be the most likely diagnosis. Coexistent primary adrenal malignancy should be considered and investigated for in all patients with a history of melanoma with suspicious adrenal lesions.
title: Postoperative morphologische Veränderungen bei idiopatischer epiretinaler Gliose
Creators: name: Chamalis, Christos
name: Foerster, A.
name: Wirbelauer, C.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Im postoperativen Verlauf kommt es bei idiopathischer epiretinaler Gliose nach Pars-plana-Vitrektomie (25G-PPV) und Peeling zu einer morphologischen Stabilisierung der Netzhaut. In einer prospektiven Untersuchung wurden die zeitlichen Veränderungen mittels SD-OCT überprüft.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 29. Jahrestagung der Retinologischen Gesellschaft
Accidental degeneracy and topological phase transitions in two-dimensional core-shell dielectric photonic crystals
Creators: name: Xu, Lin
name: Wang, HaiXiao
name: Xu, YaDong
name: Chen, HuanYang
name: Jiang, Jian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple core-shell two-dimensional photonic crystal is studied where the triangle lattice symmetry and $C_{6v}$ rotation symmetry leads to rich physics in the study of accidental degeneracy's in photonic bands. We systematically evaluate different types of accidental nodal points, depending on the dispersions around them and their topological properties, when the geometry and permittivity are continuously changed. These accidental nodal points can be the critical states lying between a topological phase and a normal phase and are thus important for the study of topological photonic states. In time-reversal systems, this leads to the photonic quantum spin Hall insulator where the spin is defined upon the orbital angular momentum for transverse-magnetic polarization. We study the topological phase transition as well as the properties of the edge and bulk states and their application potentials in optics.
Comparative analysis of expressivity in recorded violin performances. Study of the Sonatas and Partitas for solo violin by J. S. Bach
Creators: name: Puiggròs, Montserrat
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: Expressive performance characterization is traditionally based on the analysis of the main differences between performances, players, playing styles and emotional intentions. This work addresses the characterization of expressive violin performances by means of analysing audio recordings played by professional violinists. This study compares the performers' interpretations of a piece, a piece which might be considered the most important in violin history "Sonatas and Partitas for solo Violin" by Bach. The importance is given by the relevance of their composer, J.S. Bach, as by the shining difficulty in its interpretation. In regard to the data we will work from real audio recordings. This allows the possibility of analysing the most accomplished performers, obtaining robust results by extrapolating the findings to different performers, and comparing their particular styles. In terms of audio descriptors, we will use state-of-the-art tools to extract them from the audio recordings. Thus, the work aims at finding some expressive behaviour using the audio descriptions extracted from the tools. One of the main results is the finding of a common behaviour at the end of phrases and in the repeated phrases.
The Development of Melodic Representations at Early Age Facts Towards a Computational Model
Creators: name: Salselas, Inês
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: Music capability is universal across human cultures. Every human being is able to make sense of a sound sequence, and emotional states are evoked. This research work concerns the appearance of musical capacity, particularly, the early melodic representations looking forward its computational modelling. This way, we propose a review of the existent literature intended to contextualize the appearance of musical capacity, particularly, the early melodic representations and also an organization of the information collected looking forward the conceptualization of its computational modelling. Finally, a general analysis is done over the whole research work, looking for to point a direction towards future work. This research work was developed in the context of the Master Program in Information, Communication and Audiovisual Media Technologies and the author was integrated in the EmCAP Project.
Music similarity based on sequences of descriptors tonal features applied to audio cover song identification
Creators: name: Serrà, Joan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007

description: As music collections are growing up every day, it becomes necessary to keep them organized. Therefore, one critical block of an 'intelligent' system for doing that should deal with the concept of music similarity. From a computational point of view, this concept has been assessed from many angles, being one of the most important the purely audio content-based similarity systems. Traditionally, they have relied in methods that ignored the temporal evolution of the music audio characteristics. It is the goal of this thesis to provide some insights into the benefits of considering temporal sequences representing the musical content of an audio signal. We do that while focusing to an application that have been increasing his popularity along these last few years, as it provides a direct and objective way for evaluating music similarity cover song identification. A cover song (or simply cover) is a new version (performance, rendition or recording) of a previously recorded song. After making an extensive literature summary on related techniques, methods and systems for music similarity (with a special emphasis on cover detecting systems), and presenting our evaluation methodology, we perform several experiments on cover song identification based on state-of-the-art methods (cross-correlation and Dynamic Time Warping). We also study the blocks of these methods that can report more benefits to the final performance of the system and we make some interesting improvements on them (such as considering different PCP distances, beat tracking algorithms, key transposition methods), apart from assessing the intrinsic algorithms' parameters. Furthermore, we propose a new method for determining the similarity between tonal sequences and, therefore, to cover songs. This one is based on a novel HPCP similarity measure, and on a newly developed Dynamic Programming local alignment technique. Results confirm that the performance of the proposed system is significantly superior to the other implemented ones. Along the thesis we keep discussing important details found during the experiments done and future directions to take for accomplishing the chosen task.