cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Universal Signature of Non-Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Valentini, Antony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that 'non-quantum systems', with anomalous statistical properties, would carry a distinctive experimental signature. Such systems can exist in deterministic hidden-variables theories (such as the pilot-wave theory of de Broglie and Bohm). The signature consists of non-additive expectations for non-commuting observables, breaking the sinusoidal modulation of quantum probabilities for two-state systems. This effect is independent of the quantum state (pure or mixed), or of the details of the hidden-variables model. Experiments are proposed, testing polarisation probabilities for single photons.
description: 11 pages, Latex, no figures
Dress and social identity in mortuary contexts : the case of Iron Age Osteria dell'Osa
Creators: name: Cougle-Jose, Lisa Marie
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: DG70.O79 C68 2010
subject: Clothing and dress Italy Osteria dell{u2019}Osa
subject: Iron age Italy Osteria dell{u2019}Osa
subject: Osteria dell'Osa (Italy) Antiquities
subject: Osteria dell'Osa (Italy) Social life and customs

description: This thesis explores the construction of social identity through aspects of dress and personal appearance, using mortuary data from Latial Phase II (c.900-770 BeE) at the central Italian cemetery of Osteria dell'Osa. I investigate the strength of the biological basis for gender identities by examining the connection of objects of dress and personal ornament to individuals of known sex. The outcomes of this process are used to inform cautious inference of social gender where sex is unknown or uncertain. I then examine how other social identities were reflected and maintained through dress, and how these might have been predicated on gender. The diachronic approach adopted in this thesis allows examination of local social change at the threshold of the wider transformation that saw the beginnings of aristocratic society in Latium in Phase III. Unusual mortuary treatment of select individuals is also examined for evidence of rare social identities that might be based on status, ethnicity or marginalisation. Throughout the thesis, statistical analysis is supplemented by spatial analysis with the aim of identifying kinship-based patterning of ornament types. Reconstruction of complete costumes is impossible from the extant evidence, but regional and foreign comparanda identified for many types allow speculation on the ways many ornaments might have been worn. Such comparanda also illuminate cultural similarities that help situate the society of Osteria dell'Osa in its broader Iron Age context. Finally, this thesis aims to demonstrate how the challenges of using published data can be overcome to show how social identities were reconstructed in death through dress.
Additional file 2 of Spatial distribution and sources of tsunami deposits in a narrow valley setting - insight from 2011 Tohoku-oki tsunami deposits in northeastern Japan
Creators: name: Abe, Tomoya
name: Goto, Kazuhisa
name: Sugawara, Daisuke
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Oblique aerial photographs in our study area taken by The Geospatial Information Authority of Japan on May 25, 2011. (A) View from offshore. (B) View from valley head. Fig. S2. Examples of diatom species in the muddy deposits: 1. Fragilaria pinnata, 2. Navicula salinarum, 3. Rhopalodia operculata, 4. Navicula cincta. 5. Cyclotella meneghiniana, 6. Hyalodiscus scoticus, 7. Aulacoseira distans, 8. Synedra tabulata, 9. Nitzschia plana, 10. Neidium alpinum, 11. Pinnularia gibba, 12. Nitzschia calida, 13. Navicula elegans, 14. Navicula radiosa, 15. Navicula crucicula, 16. Navicula cryptocephala, 17. Cymbella gracilis, 18. Pinnularia viridis, 19. Diploneis ellipica, 20, Mastogloia pumila, 21. Rhopalodia gibberula, 22. Thalassiosira bramaputrae, 23. Melosira undulata, 24. Mastogloia pumila, 25. Synedra nanana, 26. Pinnularia nodosa, 27. Nitzschia acuminata, 28. Gomphonema acuminatum, 29. Hantzschia amphioxys. Fig. S3. Vertical variation of the tsunami deposit at GPS 206. The sand layer is characterized by inverse-graded and normal-graded multiple units. The observation site is shown in Fig. 1c. TS: Tsunami sand layer. TM: Tsunami mud layer. Soil: Pre-tsunami soil.
Measurement of a complete set of nuclides, cross-sections and kinetic energies in spallation of 238U 1A GeV with protons
Creators: name: Armbruster, P.
name: Benlliure, J.
name: Bernas, M.
name: Boudard, A.
name: Casarejos, E.
name: Czajkowski, S.
name: Enqvist, T.
name: Leray, S.
name: Napolitani, P.
name: Pereira, J.
name: Rejmund, F.
name: Ricciardi, M. -V.
name: Schmidt, K. -H.
name: Stephan, C.
name: Taieb, J.
name: Tassan-Got, L.
name: Volant, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spallation residues and fission fragments from 1A GeV 238U projectiles irradiating a liquid hydrogen target were investigated by using the FRagment Separator at GSI for magnetic selection of reaction products including ray-tracing, energy-loss and time-of-flight techniques. The longitudinal-momentum spectra of identified fragments were analysed, and evaporation residues and fission fragments could be separated. For 1385 nuclides, production cross-sections covering 3 orders of magnitude with a mean accuracy of 15%, velocities in the U-rest frame and kinetic energies were determined. In the reaction all elements from uranium to nitrogen were found, each with a large number of isotopes.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Home for the Child :housing designed with a children-centric apporach will positively affect the development and quality of life of children
Creators: name: Luo, Nancy
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Children are often forgotten in designing our built environment. Childhood is a time of vast development and potential. This thesis explores how housing designed with a children-centric approach will positively affect the development and quality of life for young children. “Play” is essential to the development of young children as it has a crucial role in their physical, cognitive, social and emotional development. Studies have suggessted that it is a biological drive as integral to our health as sleep or nutrition. With the affordable housing crisis, many young families with children are reconsidering where they can live. Few designers design with the child in mind especially when it comes to multi-units developments. This thesis looks into existing policies and possibilities of retrofitting. This project aims to investigate the importance of play and create design interventions that enrich the lives of young children in their homes.
Entropy Production of Brownian Macromolecules with Inertia
Creators: name: Kim, Kyung Hyuk
name: Qian, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the nonequilibrium steady-state thermodynamics of single Brownian macromolecules with inertia under feedback control in isothermal ambient fluid. With the control being represented by a velocity-dependent external force, we find such open systems can have a negative entropy production rate and we develop a mesoscopic theory consistent with the second law. We propose an equilibrium condition and define a class of external forces, which includes a transverse Lorentz force, leading to equilibrium.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Robust edge photocurrent response on layered Type II Weyl semimetal WTe2
Creators: name: Wang, Qinsheng
name: Zheng, Jingchuan
name: He, Yuan
name: Cao, Jin
name: Liu, Xin
name: Wang, Maoyuan
name: Ma, Junchao
name: Lai, Jiawei
name: Lu, Hong
name: Jia, Shuang
name: Yan, Dayu
name: Shi, Y. -G.
name: Duan, Junxi
name: Han, Junfeng
name: Xiao, Wende
name: Chen, Jian-Hao
name: Sun, Kai
name: Yao, Yugui
name: Sun, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photo sensing and energy harvesting based on exotic properties of quantum materials and new operation principles have great potentials to break the fundamental performance limit of conventional photodetectors and solar cells. As topological nontrivial materials, Weyl semimetals have demonstrated novel optoelectronic properties that promise potential applications in photo detection and energy harvesting arising from their gapless linear dispersion near Weyl nodes and Berry field enhanced nonlinear optical effect at the vicinity of Weyl nodes. In this work, we demonstrate robust photocurrent generation from charge separation of photoexctied electron-hole pairs at the edge of Td-WTe2, a type-II Weyl semimetal, due to crystalline-symmetry breaking along certain crystal fracture directions and possibly enhanced by robust fermi-arc type surface states. Using scanning photocurrent microscopy (SPCM) measurements, we further demonstrate that the edge current response is robust over a wide excitation photon energy. We find that this robust feature is highly generic, and shall arise universally in a wide class of quantum materials with similar crystal symmetries. In addition, possible connections between these edge photocurrents and topological properties of Weyl semimetals are explored. The robust and generic edge current response demonstrated in this work provides a new type of charge separation mechanism for photosensing and energy harvesting over broad wavelength range.
DANS Strategic Plan 2015-2020: Sharing data together
Creators: name: Dillo, Ingrid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: DANS promotes sustained access to digital research data. For this, DANS encourages scientific researchers to archive and reuse data in a sustained form, for instance via the online archiving system EASY (easy.dans.knaw.nl) and the Dutch Dataverse Network (dataverse.nl). With NARCIS (narcis.nl), DANS also provides access to thousands of scientific datasets, e-publications and other research information in the Netherlands. The institute furthermore provides training and consultancy and carries out research on sustained access to digital information. Elements in our new strategic plan 2015-2020 are: 1. the federated data infrastructure in the Netherlands 2. the care for living data and 3. the need to change the business model by charging institutions that deposit data in the DANS-repository for the basic storage costs. Driven by data, DANS with its services and participation in (inter)national projects and networks ensures the further improvement of access to digital research data. Please visit dans.knaw.nl for more information and contact details.
An Upper Miocene marine turtle from Panama that preserves osteocytes with potential DNA
Creators: name: Cadena, Edwin-Alberto
name: De Gracia, Carlos
name: Combita-Romero, Diego A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Lepidochelys is a genus of extant marine turtles that includes the critically endangered Kemp's Ridley turtle. The evolutionary history of this genus is poorly understood due to the lack of an undisputed fossil record for the group. Here we describe a partially preserved carapace from the Upper Miocene Chagres Formation of Panama, which represents the oldest fossil record of Lepidochelys. The specimen has rectangular, anteroposteriorly short pleural scutes, a characteristic shared with members of Lepidochelys. It is potentially closely related to L. olivacea because it shares a similar number of pleurals, but its precise taxonomic status remains uncertain. We discuss the ecological role that a marine turtle played in the paleoecosystem of the Chagres Formation. The new specimen exhibits exceptional preservation of bone sutures, sulci, sculpturing, and bone microstructure, including remains of blood vessels, collagen fibers, and osteocytes. This is the first time that a histochemical stain (DAPI) indicates preservation of a compound consistent with DNA in a fossil vertebrate outside Dinosauria. These data demonstrate the potential for DNA to persist in specimens that are both millions of years old and are from lower latitudes, which challenges traditional paradigms of biomolecular preservation.
Hamiltonian formulation and aspects of integrability of generalised hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Bonnemain, Thibault
name: Caudrelier, Vincent
name: Doyon, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalised Hydrodynamics (GHD) describes the large-scale inhomogeneous dynamics of integrable (or close to integrable) systems in one dimension of space, based on a central equation for the fluid density or quasi-particle density: the GHD equation. We consider a new, general form of the GHD equation: we allow for spatially extended interaction kernels, generalising previous constructions. We show that the GHD equation, in our general form and hence also in its conventional form, is Hamiltonian. This holds also including force terms representing inhomogeneous external potentials coupled to conserved densities. To this end, we introduce a new Poisson bracket on functionals of the fluid density, which is seen as our dynamical field variable. The total energy is the Hamiltonian whose flow under this Poisson bracket generates the GHD equation. The fluid density depends on two (real and spectral) variables so the GHD equation can be seen as a $2+1$-dimensional classical field theory. In its $1+1$-dimensional reduction corresponding to the case without external forces, we further show the system admits an infinite set of conserved quantities that are in involution for our Poisson bracket, hinting at integrability of this field theory.
description: 57 pages
Deep inelastic scattering from A=3 nuclei and the neutron structure function
Creators: name: Afnan, I. R.
name: Bissey, F.
name: Gomez, J.
name: Katramatou, A. T.
name: Liuti, S.
name: Melnitchouk, W.
name: Petratos, G. G.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of deep inelastic scattering from He-3 and H-3, focusing in particular on the extraction of the free neutron structure function, F_2^n. Nuclear corrections are shown to cancel to within 1-2% for the isospin-weighted ratio of He-3 to H-3 structure functions, which leads to more than an order of magnitude improvement in the current uncertainty on the neutron to proton ratio F_2^n/F_2^p at large x. Theoretical uncertainties originating from the nuclear wave function, including possible non-nucleonic components, are evaluated. Measurement of the He-3 and H-3 structure functions will, in addition, determine the magnitude of the EMC effect in all A < 4 nuclei.
description: 40 pages, 12 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. C
Трансформация социальных потребностей трудоспособного населения по стадиям жизненного цикла поколений
Creators: name: Кольцова, Ирина
Publisher: name: ООО Цифра
Year: 2024
Subjects: generational theory
generation X
generation Y
generation Z
social needs
labour market forecasts
теория поколений
поколение X
поколение Y
поколение Z
социальные потребности
прогноз рынка труда

description: Международный научно-исследовательский журнал, Выпуск 10 (148) 2024
Evolutionary ecology in-silico:evolving foodwebs, migrating population and speciation
Creators: name: Stauffer, Dietrich
name: Kunwar, Ambarish
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We have generalized our ``unified'' model of evolutionary ecology by taking into account the possible movements of the organisms from one ``patch'' to another within the same eco-system. We model the spatial extension of the eco-system (i.e., the geography) by a square lattice where each site corresponds to a distinct ``patch''. A self-organizing hierarchical food web describes the prey-predator relations in the eco-system. The same species at different patches have identical food habits but differ from each other in their reproductive characteristic features. By carrying out computer simulations up to $10^9$ time steps, we found that, depending on the values of the set of parameters, the distribution of the lifetimes of the species can be either exponential or a combination of power laws. Some of the other features of our ``unified'' model turn out to be robust against migration of the organisms.
description: 12 pages of PS file, including LATEX text and 9 EPS figures
INENSIV BOG'LARNI ZARARKUNDA VA KASALLIKLARDAN KIMYOVIY HIMOYALASH TADBIRLARI
Creators: name: Boyqulova Gulruh Abdullayevna  Qarshi davlat texnika universiteti assistenti Temurov Javohir  Qarshi davlat texnika universiteti talabasi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada intensiv bog’larni zararkunandalar va kasalliklarga qarshi kurashda foydalaniladigan mashinalar, ularning texnik ko’rsatkichlari va ish samaradorligi haqida ma’lumot berilgan. Kimyoviy himoya qilishda belgilangan agrotexnik talablar va ularni bajarish muddatlari ma’lumotlar asosida keltirilgan.

Kalit so‘zlar: eksportbop mahsulotlar, intensiv bog’, kimyoviy himoya, tok ildiz tizimi, zararkunandalar, karantin, changlash, aerozollash, local
Evaluating the contributions of methylation and transcription to male-biased evolution
Creators: name: Lindsay, Helen
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: QP624.5.M46 L56 2010
subject: DNA Methylation
subject: DNA replication
subject: Mutation (Genetics)
subject: Genetic transcription

description: Male biased mutation is thought to be a consequence of mutations introduced during DNA replication. Studies of male bias have generally been restricted to an examination of bias in the total substitution rate rather than the substitution process. In this analysis, the potential contributions of germline sex differences in methylation and transcription to male biased mutation are examined via their effects on the substitution process. It is first shown that one of the post popular methods for modeling the effects of sequence context on nucleotide substitution rates detects an effect of context when none exists, which has important consequences particularly for models that aim to detect natural selection. Transitions involving CpG dinucleotides, which characteristically arise from methylation, are found to make a large contribution to male bias because of CpG frequency differences between the X chromosome and the autosomes. Germline transcription is also found to contribute to male bias, and may completely account for the bias observed in the chimpanzee lineage. These observations indicate that male bias is caused by multiple processes, and the contribution of replication errors is smaller than previously believed.
Branches and Links. Interlinking (Latin) Resources in the Linguistic Linked Open Data World through the LiLa Knowledge Base
Creators: name: Passarotti, Marco Carlo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Linguistic Linked Data
Latin
Linguistic Resources

description: Slides of the talk by Marco Passarotti entitled "Words and Classes. Branches and Links. Interlinking (Latin) Resources in the Linguistic Linked Open Data World through the LiLa Knowledge Base", April 26th 2021, Fred Jelinek Seminar Series, Institute of Formal and Applied Linguistics (ÚFAL), Prague, Czech Republic.
Bridging the data divide: Economical repository management in the openICPSR Cloud
Creators: name: Detterman, Linda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Organizations desire to meet changing federal research requirements requiring public access data sharing as well as satisfy the growing global call for replication and transparency of data analyses. However, organizations have limited resources to expend on user support, technical staffing, and the infrastructure development and maintenance needed to support public-access, data-sharing services. This environment has made hosted data sharing in the cloud a solid alternative to costly do-it-yourself (build-it-yourself) repository management. With a growing need at the organizational level for effective and experienced, but economically feasible data sharing, ICPSR researched and developed a public-access, data-sharing service for use by institutions and journals. This poster will highlight the research findings and demonstrate the features and benefits of openICPSR for Institutions and Journals, a fully-hosted, data-sharing service for use by organizations, departments, and journals of all sizes.
Supernova Cosmology and the Fine Structure Constant
Creators: name: Chiba, Takeshi
name: Kohri, Kazunori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the dependence of the peak luminosity of Type Ia supernovae on the fine structure constant $α$. We find that decreasing (increasing) $α$ enhances (reduces) the luminosity. Future experiments like SNAP could determine the variation of $α$ to a precision of $10^{-2}$.
description: 6 pages
Semiconducting SiGeSn High-Entropy Alloy: A Density Functional Theory Study
Creators: name: Wang, D.
name: Liu, L.
name: Huang, W.
name: Zhuang, H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-entropy alloys (HEAs), which have been intensely studied due to their excellent mechanical properties, generally refer to alloys with multiple equimolar or nearly equimolar elements. According to this definition, Si-Ge-Sn alloys with equal or comparable concentrations of the three Group IV elements belong to the category of HEAs. As a result, the equimolar elements of Si-Ge-Sn alloys likely cause their atomic structures to exhibit the same core effects of metallic HEAs such as lattice distortion. Here we apply density functional theory (DFT) calculations to show that the SiGeSn HEA indeed exhibits a large local distortion effect. Unlike metallic HEAs, our Monte Carlo and DFT calculations show that the SiGeSn HEA exhibits no chemical short-range order due to the similar electronegativity of the constituent elements, thereby increasing the configurational entropy of the SiGeSn HEA. Hybrid density functional calculations show that the SiGeSn HEA remains semiconducting with a band gap of 0.38 eV, promising for economical and compatible mid-infrared optoelectronics applications. We then study the energetics of neutral single Si, Ge, and Sn vacancies and (expectedly) find wide distributions of vacancy formation energies, similar to those found in metallic HEAs. However, we also find anomalously small lower bounds (e.g., 0.04 eV for a Si vacancy) in the energy distributions, which arise from the bond reformation near the vacancy. Such small vacancy formation energies and their associated bond reformations retain the semiconducting behavior of the SiGeSn HEA, which may be a signature feature of a semiconducting HEA that differentiates from metallic HEAs.
Atoms and empty space : media and the most dangerous scientific experiments in Australia
Creators: name: Tynan, Elizabeth Rosemary
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Q225.2.A8 T96 2011
subject: Science in mass media
subject: Science Public opinion
subject: Nuclear weapons Testing.
subject: Great Britain Military relations Australia.
subject: Australia Military relations Great Britain.

description: This thesis examines aspects of the British nuclear tests in Australia to draw conclusions about the role played by media scientific literacy in the conduct of democratic government. Democracy cannot function fully if media practitioners do not recognise scientific knowledge as being central to investigating and reporting on issues of national importance and therefore do not develop their knowledge bases and frame their activities accordingly. This principle is illustrated by an examination of the nuclear tests, in which the absence of scientific literacy among media had long-term ramifications. Media coverage of the entire British nuclear tests including the Vixen B plutonium tests at Maralinga took place in two distinct eras: the first during the time of the tests and later when the Australian media rediscovered the nuclear test series and re-opened it for enquiry. The strong contrasts that emerge in Australian media output at the time of the tests, from 1952 to 1963, compared with the later era of media rediscovery from 1978 to 1993, suggest that between the eras the media came to develop greater capacity to undertake informed and investigative coverage of complex science-based topics and therefore were able to report fully on the tests only in the later era. The case study supports the argument that scientifically literate "fourth estate" journalists are an indispensable element of democracy. If such media capacity does not exist, the resulting lack of public understanding about events such as those at Maralinga inevitably leads to unaccountable government and undemocratic practices.
Thermal noise and optical cooling
Creators: name: Mow-Lowry, Conor Malcolm
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: TK7867.5.M69 2011
subject: Electronic noise Measurement
subject: Quantum optics
subject: Optical coatings
subject: Gravity waves Measurement
subject: Gravitational radiation Instruments

description: Thermal noise and optical quantum noise place fundamental limits on the displacement sensitivity of interferometric gravitational wave detectors. Projects such as Advanced LIGO employ a wide range of techniques to reduce thermal noise and use very high optical powers to reduce quantum noise. Thermal noise is Brownian motion caused by the thermal energy in each mode of oscillation. It is fundamentally linked with mechanical loss via the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. The thermal energy of, for example, the fundamental resonance of the suspension of a mirror can be concentrated into the resonant peak by using a very high-Q oscillator. This reduces the spectral density of the fluctuations away from resonance. The shape of the thermal noise spectrum depends on the mechanical loss mechanisms, and can have important implications for interferometer design This thesis presents, to the best of my knowledge, the first off-resonance thermal noise measurement of a high-Q suspension which includes both above-and below-resonance regions. The measurements do not conform to the accepted 'structural' damping model, but rather seem to suit a model with both structural and viscous damping. A number of potentially spurious loss mechanisms were investigated, but none were found to substantially alter the spectral shape of the measured noise. A lower quality factor suspension material was then employed to see if structural damping was dominant, but again a mixed damping model fitted the data better than structural damping. A coating-free mirror was designed and experimentally characterised. Removing the optical coating removes a significant source of mechanical loss from the mirror, potentially improving thermal noise. The combination of high optical powers and high-Q oscillators can lead to strong opto-mechanical interactions. The light inside an optical resonator can act as a complex spring, modifying both rigidity and damping. For a very low-loss mechanical system, a small amount of optical anti-damping can lead to instability. Conversely, it is possible to optically damp, or 'cool', an oscillator by extracting thermal energy. Results are presented showing optical cooling of the fundamental mode of a mirror suspension down to an effective temperature of 70 mK. This cooling is measured by the direct observation of the thermal noise spectrum. The measured traces are in agreement with a prediction of the thermal noise spectrum based on the input laser power, optical configuration, and feedback control system used. Results from the suspended gravitational wave detector prototype, the Caltech 40m interferometer, show how a strong optical spring creates an opto-mechancial resonance which alters the frequency response of the interferometer.
An Upper Miocene marine turtle from panama that preserves osteocytes with potential DNA
Creators: name: Cadena, Edwin-Alberto
name: De Gracia, Carlos
name: Combita-Romero, Diego A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Lepidochelys is a genus of extant marine turtles that includes the critically endangered Kemp's Ridley turtle. The evolutionary history of this genus is poorly understood due to the lack of an undisputed fossil record for the group. Here we describe a partially preserved carapace from the Upper Miocene Chagres Formation of Panama, which represents the oldest fossil record of Lepidochelys. The specimen has rectangular, anteroposteriorly short pleural scutes, a characteristic shared with members of Lepidochelys. It is potentially closely related to L. olivacea because it shares a similar number of pleurals, but its precise taxonomic status remains uncertain. We discuss the ecological role that a marine turtle played in the paleoecosystem of the Chagres Formation. The new specimen exhibits exceptional preservation of bone sutures, sulci, sculpturing, and bone microstructure, including remains of blood vessels, collagen fibers, and osteocytes. This is the first time that a histochemical stain (DAPI) indicates preservation of a compound consistent with DNA in a fossil vertebrate outside Dinosauria. These data demonstrate the potential for DNA to persist in specimens that are both millions of years old and are from lower latitudes, which challenges traditional paradigms of biomolecular preservation.
Breakdown of the Arrhenius Law of the Temperature Dependent Vacancy Concentration in fcc-Lanthanum
Creators: name: Mathes, Lucian
name: Gigl, Thomas
name: Leitner, Michael
name: Hugenschmidt, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measured the temperature dependent equilibrium vacancy concentration using in-situ positron annihilation spectroscopy in order to determine the enthalpy $H_\text{f}$ and entropy $S_\text{f}$ of vacancy formation in elementary fcc-La. The Arrhenius law applied for the data analysis, however, is shown to fail in explaining the unexpected high values for both $S_\text{f}$ and $H_\text{f}$: in particular $S_\text{f}=17(2)~k_\text{B}$ is one order of magnitude larger compared to other elemental metals, and the experimental value of $H_\text{f}$ is found to be more than three standard deviations off the theoretical one $H_\text{f}=1.46~\text{eV}$ (our \acs{dft} calculation for La at $T=0~\text{K}$). A consistent explanation is given beyond the classical Arrhenius approach in terms of a temperature dependence of the vacancy formation entropy with $S_\text{f}^\prime=-0.0120(14)~k_\text{B}/\text{K}$ accounting for the anharmonic potential introduced by vacancies.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Revision of the Late Miocene hornless rhinocerotids from Samos Island (Greece) with the designation of neotypes and implications for the European chilotheres
Creators: name: Kampouridis, Panagiotis
name: Svorligkou, Georgia
name: Kargopoulos, Nikolaos
name: Spassov, Nikolai
name: Böhme, Madelaine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology

description: Extant rhinoceroses are represented only by five species and are characterized by the presence of a nasal horn. In the past, they were much more diverse, with one of the best-known groups being the aceratheriines, i.e., hornless rhinoceroses. Chilotheres are a group of hornless rhinos that inhabited Eurasia during the Late Miocene. Their westernmost geographic range reached Eastern Europe, where overall eight species have been erected. Four of these were described based on material from the Upper Miocene of Samos Island (Greece), two of which are not considered valid anymore. Unfortunately, the type skulls of all four species are lost and there are several issues concerning their taxonomy. Therefore, we herein designate two skulls housed in historical collections from Samos as neotypes for the first two species, Chilotherium schlosseri (Weber, 1905) and Eochilotherium samium (Weber, 1905), and provide detailed comparisons for the separation of the species from each other and from any other chilotheres. Our results prove that the two species are valid and justify their separation on a generic level. Chilotherium schlosseri seems to be more closely affiliated with the other European Chilotherium species, whereas E. samium is more similar to the Chinese ‘Chilotherium’ wimani and ‘Chilotherium’ primigenium, based on their more plesiomorphic characters.
Additional file 3 of Psychosocial stressors and protective factors for major depression in youth: evidence from a case–control study
Creators: name: Piechaczek, Charlotte
name: Pehl, Verena
name: Feldmann, Lisa
name: Haberstroh, Stefan
name: Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
name: Freisleder, Franz
name: Schulte-Körne, Gerd
name: Greimel, Ellen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 3. Data analysis.
Pliocene Pre-GABI herbivorous mammals from Espinar, Peruvian Andean Plateau
Creators: name: Salas-Gismondi, Rodolfo
name: Ochoa, Diana
name: Gamarra, Jorge
name: Pujos, François
name: Foster, David A.
name: Tejada, Julia V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology

description: Pliocene South American mammals prior to the Great American Biotic Interchange comprise the evolutionary pinnacle of a long-lasting process of continental isolation, in which large-scale orogeny and climate change were instrumental. These processes resulted in unique assemblages of extinct groups with peculiar anatomies. However, interpretation of the functional roles that these organisms would have played in the ecosystem is challenging because well-preserved fossils of this time interval in South America are scarce. Here, we describe a new Early Pliocene assemblage of native herbivorous megamammals documented by skeletons in anatomical connection from the Peruvian Andean plateau (city of Yauri in Espinar, Cusco Department). Fossil-bearing deposits pertain to Member C of the El Descanso Formation dated at 4.75 ± 0.5 Ma, when the plateau attained near-modern elevations and a Puna-type plant ecosystem. The mammal assemblage is dominated by xenarthrans, including three ground sloths (cf. Megatheriops rectidens, Simomylodon uccasamamensis, and Proscelidodon sp.) and Andinoglyptodon mollohuancai gen. et sp. nov., the first Pliocene glyptodontine known by a well-preserved cranium and dermal armor. Notoungulates are represented by the toxodontid Posnanskytherium viscachanense. Both selective and bulk feeders are identified, suggesting the existence of diverse plant resources in the Pliocene Puna ecosystem. These native mammals constituted the typical Pliocene herbivorous guild of the central Andean plateau and provide an opportunity to investigate the structure of mammalian communities just before the arrival of Holarctic immigrants.
Bridging the administrative data gap: supporting researchers and data custodians at the Administrative Data Research Network
Creators: name: Kakia Chatsiou
name: Greci, Carlotta
name: Sanderson, John
name: Winsor, Linda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Researchers go an extra mile to access administrative data in the UK: administrative databases are operational records and need to be processed and documented prior to using them for research. There is no support mechanism for users of administrative data -- there is researchers quite often don't know how to access and analyse administrative data and have to negotiate access with depositors themselves. Support staff working in the administrative data setting supporting researchers need a variety of skills, too. Having a good knowledge of the data is not sufficient - staff need to be approachable and proficient in translating requirements, mediating and negotiating access and thinking laterally to solve any problems arising. Finally, legal pathways to access for research purposes are still in development and quite often vary between different data custodians. The Administrative Data Research Network is a UK-wide partnership between universities, government departments and agencies, national statistics authorities, funders and the wider research community aiming to bridge these barriers. This paper will describe how the ADRN User Services team have been bringing together academic, government and third sector researchers, data custodians and data professionals to enable access of linked, de-identified administrative data for research in the UK.
Additional file 2 of Psychosocial stressors and protective factors for major depression in youth: evidence from a case–control study
Creators: name: Piechaczek, Charlotte
name: Pehl, Verena
name: Feldmann, Lisa
name: Haberstroh, Stefan
name: Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
name: Freisleder, Franz
name: Schulte-Körne, Gerd
name: Greimel, Ellen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Psychometric properties of the “Family climate scale” and the “Social support scale”.
A New Scenario on the Metal-Insulator Transition in VO2
Creators: name: Tanaka, Arata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-insulator transition in VO2 was investigated using the three-band Hubbard model, in which the degeneracy of the 3d orbitals, the on-site Coulomb and exchange interactions, and the effects of lattice distortion were considered. A new scenario on the phase transition is proposed, where the increase in energy level separation among the t_2g orbitals caused by the lattice distortion triggers an abrupt change in the electronic configuration in doubly occupied sites from an S=1 Hund's coupling state to a spin S=0 state with much larger energy, and this strongly suppresses the charge fluctuation. Although the material is expected to be a Mott-Hubbard insulator in the insulating phase, the metal-to-insulator transition is not caused by an increase in relative strength of the Coulomb interaction against the electron hopping as in the usual Mott transition, but by the level splitting among the t_2g orbitals against the on-site exchange interaction. The metal-insulator transition in Ti2O3 can also be explained by the same scenario. Such a large change in the 3d orbital occupation at the phase transition can be detected by linear dichroic V 2p x-ray absorption measurements.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to be published in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. Vol. 72 No. 10
Folate-targeted polymeric nanoparticles for efficient dual (chemo-photothermal) therapy of oral squamous carcinoma
Creators: name: El-Sherbiny, Randa H.
name: Hassan, Magda M.
name: El-Hossary, Wafaa H.
name: Shata, Mona S.
name: Darwish, Wael M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work, the phytochemical anticancer thymoquinone (TQ) and near-infrared plasmonic gold nanorods (AuNRs) were loaded in folate-targeted pegylated poly(d, l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-FA) nanocapsules. This polymeric regime exhibited in vitro sustained release kinetics of both TQ and AuNRs. MTT assay showed the strong and synergistic chemo-photothermal effects on SCC-15 cells incubated with the combination therapy associated with dramatic ultrastructural changes on the morphology of the cells. The enhanced anticancer efficacy, as indicated by tumor regression and histopathological examinations, proved the ability of the proposed regime to achieve strong synergistic anticancer effects and selective tumor targeting via dual-modal targeted system.
High value, high risk: Options for restricted data dissemination at ICPSR
Creators: name: Bleckman, Johanna Davidson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: As the body of social science research data grows, so does interest in obtaining data for replication and secondary analysis purposes. Research data involving individuals tend to be highly disclosive and often sensitive. Traditional methods of coarsening, truncating, or otherwise altering the data for public consumption limits both the utility of the study and the impact of the initial investment. There is growing interest in establishing innovative ways of sharing research data in its fullest form while minimizing disclosure risk and honoring confidentiality assurances given to research subjects. ICPSR employs three main methods of restricted data dissemination, and this poster will highlight these methods and demonstrate the features of the newest method, the ICPSR Virtual Data Enclave (VDE)-- a virtual computing environment offering full access to disclosed and sensitive restricted data that never leave ICPSR servers.
The Athena space X-ray Observatory and the astrophysics of hot plasma
Creators: name: Barret, Didier
name: Decourchelle, Anne
name: Fabian, Andy
name: Guainazzi, Matteo
name: Nandra, Kirpal
name: Smith, Randall
name: Herder, Jan-Willem den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties (temperature, density, chemical composition, velocity) of hot astrophysical plasma and the physical processes affecting them (heating/cooling, turbulence, shocks, acceleration) can be probed by high resolution X-ray spectroscopy, to be complemented by high spatial resolution imaging. The paper presents a status of the ESA's Advanced Telescope for High Energy Astrophysics (Athena) mission, particularly focusing on the science performance of its two focal plane instruments for the studies of extended X-ray sources: the Wide Field Imager (WFI) and the X-ray Integral Field Unit (X-IFU). This paper then provides a brief summary of the breakthroughs expected with Athena on the astrophysics of hot plasma, building on the vast heritage of the discoveries and revolutionary results obtained by Chandra and XMM-Newton in this field. As of November 12th, 2019, Athena successfully concluded its feasibility study, and has since then moved into the definition phase, with a launch date scheduled in the early 2030s.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures, Proceedings of the XMM-Newton 2019 science workshop "Astrophysics of hot plasma in extended X -ray sources", accepted for publication in Astronomische Nachrichten
Using undergraduate students to provide data services
Creators: name: Bauder, Julia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Since 2010, the Data Analysis and Social Inquiry Lab (DASIL, pronounced "dazzle") at Grinnell College has employed peer mentors to provide certain data services to students and faculty. These peer mentors--undergraduate students with backgrounds in statistics, economics, geographic analysis, computer science, and/or qualitative analysis—provide services including drop-in assistance to students working on data-driven projects in economics, GIS, psychology, and other social science disciplines; preparing data visualizations and data-driven exercises for faculty to use in their courses and datasets for them to use in their research; and providing hands-on assistance during in-class labs that involve data. The poster will cover the who, what, where, when, and why of using this model to provide data services at Grinnell, and also discuss how this experiment has worked out for us.
Additional file 1 of Psychosocial stressors and protective factors for major depression in youth: evidence from a case–control study
Creators: name: Piechaczek, Charlotte
name: Pehl, Verena
name: Feldmann, Lisa
name: Haberstroh, Stefan
name: Antje-Kathrin Allgaier
name: Freisleder, Franz
name: Schulte-Körne, Gerd
name: Greimel, Ellen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Frequency of current and past comorbid diagnoses in the MD group.