cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Juvenile obesity and its association with utilisation and costs of pharmaceuticals - results from the KiGGS study
Creators: name: Wenig, Christina M.
name: Knopf, Hildtraud
name: Menn, Petra
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adolescent
subject: Humans
subject: Germany
subject: Body Mass Index
subject: Child
subject: Age Distribution
subject: Socioeconomic Factors
subject: Interviews as Topic
subject: Sex Distribution
subject: Poisson Distribution
subject: Costs and Cost Analysis
subject: Drug Costs*/statistics & numerical data
subject: Drug Utilization*/standards
subject: Drug Utilization*/statistics & numerical data
subject: Obesity/drug therapy
subject: Obesity/prevention & control
subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations/economics
subject: Pharmaceutical Preparations/supply & distribution
subject: Physical Examination
subject: Physician's Practice Patterns/standards
subject: Physician's Practice Patterns/statistics & numerical data
subject: Transients and Migrants/classification
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: According to a national reference, 15% of German children and adolescents are overweight (including obese) and 6.3% are obese. An earlier study analysed the impact of childhood overweight and obesity on different components of direct medical costs (physician, hospital and therapists). To complement the existing literature for Germany, this study aims to explore the association of body mass index (BMI) with utilisation of pharmaceuticals and related costs in German children and adolescents. Methods: Based on data from 14, 836 respondents aged 3-17 years in the German Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents (KiGGS), drug intake and associated costs were estimated using a bottom-up approach. To investigate the association of BMI with utilisation and costs, univariate analyses and multivariate generalised mixed models were conducted. Results: There was no significant difference between BMI groups regarding the probability of drug utilisation. However, the number of pharmaceuticals used was significantly higher (14%) for obese children than for normal weight children. Furthermore, there was a trend for more physician-prescribed medication in obese children and adolescents. Among children with pharmaceutical intake, estimated costs were 24% higher for obese children compared with the normal weight group. Conclusions: This is the first study to estimate excess drug costs for obesity based on a representative crosssectional sample of the child and adolescent population in Germany. The results suggest that obese children should be classified as a priority group for prevention. This study complements the existing literature and provides important information concerning the relevance of childhood obesity as a health problem.
Medical Laboratory Science: The cornerstone of contemporary medicine
Creators: name: Nsonwu C. C
name: Johnkennedy N
name: Nnodim P. A
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: Modern medicine is built on the basis of medical laboratory science, which performs a wide range of crucial tasks that support illness detection, treatment, prevention, and research. Its impact on clinical decision-making, public health policy, and the advancement of medical knowledge reaches well beyond the confines of the laboratory. Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) plays a vital role in modern healthcare. MLS specialists assess a range of patient samples, including blood, urine, tissue, and other biological fluids. These tests help physicians diagnose patients, monitor the effectiveness of medicines, and manage chronic illnesses. Laboratories are crucial for detecting infectious illness epidemics. They provide public health professionals with the vital data they require to keep an eye on.
title: NOTES Murphy
title: NOTES Murphy
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Gifford, James
Publisher: name: unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Irish literature
subject: British literature

description: Lecture/class notes on Samuel Beckett's Murphy. I'm sharing my teaching notes (rough) for works that may be helpful to others and are widely taught.
description: Lecture/class notes on Samuel Beckett's Murphy. I'm sharing my teaching notes (rough) for works that may be helpful to others and are widely taught.
Worlding Sexualities under Apartheid: From Gay Liberation to a Queer Afropolitanism
Creators: name: Batra, Kanika
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Africa
subject: Area studies
subject: Commonwealth countries
subject: Gay culture in literature
subject: Journalism
subject: Women's studies

description: Examining gay journalism as gay liberation literature, this essay forwards a cultural history of sexuality informed by comparative urban and queer studies. My main argument is that gay liberation literature under apartheid lags behind important shifts in sexual activism; and my larger aim is to extend the valences of postcolonial queer studies towards a historical examination of North–South interactions in theorizing sexual activism. Gay liberation literature here refers to texts which contributed to the emergence of gay and lesbian sexualities in South Africa, including works of fiction, poetry, drama, anthologies as well as newsletters, newspapers, and newsletters. The primary archive used as an example of gay liberation literature is Link/Skakel, the official newsletter of the GASA, which later became a mainstream gay newspaper called Exit.
Additional file 2 of Associations of risk factor burden and genetic predisposition with the 10-year risk of atrial fibrillation: observations from a large prospective study of 348,904 participants
Creators: name: Zhang, Junguo
name: Chen, Ge
name: Wang, ChongJian
name: Wang, Xiaojie
name: Qian, Zhengmin (Min)
name: Cai, Miao
name: Vaughn, Michael G.
name: Bingheim, Elizabeth
name: Li, Haitao
name: Gao, Yanhui
name: Lip, Gregory Y. H.
name: Lin, Hualiang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Central illustration. Figure S1. Cumulative risk (%) for atrial fibrillation according to risk factor burdens (optimal, borderline, or elevated) at the index age of 45 years. Figure S2. Cumulative risk (%) for atrial fibrillation according to risk factor burdens (optimal, borderline, or elevated) at the index age of 65 years. Figure S3. Predicted 10-year risk (%) of atrial fibrillation at index age 45 years across 16 risk profiles, in men with different polygenic risk score (low, intermediate, or high). Figure S4. Predicted 10-year risk (%) of atrial fibrillation at index age 45 years across 16 risk profiles, in women with different polygenic risk score (low, intermediate, or high). Figure S5. Predicted 10-year risk (%) of atrial fibrillation at index age of 65 years across 16 risk profiles, in men with different polygenic risk score (low, intermediate, or high). Figure S6. Predicted 10-year risk (%) of atrial fibrillation at index age of 65 years across 16 risk profiles, in women with different polygenic risk score (low, intermediate, or high). Figure S7. Calibration plot of the prediction model for predicting 10-year risk at index age of 45 years. Figure S8. Calibration plot of the prediction model for predicting 10-year risk at index age 55 years. Figure S9. Calibration plot of the prediction model for predicting 10-year risk at index age 65 years.
A Review of “Andreas Huyssen, Miniature Metropolis”
Creators: name: Gelderloos, Carl
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Germanic literature
subject: Literature, Modern
subject: Photography

description: A review of Andreas Huyssen's "Miniature Metropolis: Literature in an Age of Photography and Film" (2015)
Helmtragequoten bei Kindern und Jugendlichen in Deutschland und vermeidbare Kopfverletzungen bei Fahrradunfällen
Creators: name: Gutsche, Johanna
name: Hintzpeter, Birte
name: Neuhauser, Hannelore
name: Schlaud, Martin
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Prävention
subject: Fahrradhelm
subject: Kopfverletzungen
subject: KiGGS-Studie
subject: attributables Risiko
subject: prevention
subject: bicycle helmet
subject: head injuries
subject: KiGGS study
subject: attributable risk
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Einleitung: Kopfverletzungen sind die Haupttodesursache bei Fahrradunfällen im Kindes- und Jugendalter. Nach einem Cochrane-Review sinkt bei einem Unfall das Risiko um 69% sowohl für Kopfverletzungen (OR 0,31; 95%-KI 0,26-0,37) als auch für Hirnverletzungen (OR 0,31; 95%-KI 0,23-0,42), wenn ein Helm getragen wurde. Ziel dieser Studie ist die Darstellung der Helmtragequoten Fahrrad fahrender Kinder und Jugendlicher in Deutschland sowie des Anteils der durch Helmtragen potenziell vermeidbaren Kopfverletzungen. Der zu erwartende Effekt einer verbesserten Helmtragequote auf den Anteil der vermeidbaren Verletzungen wird dargestellt. Methoden: Aus den Daten des bundesweit repräsentativen Kinder- und Jugendgesundheitssurveys (KiGGS) werden die Helmtrage-Prävalenzen von Kindern im Alter von 3 bis 17 Jahren berechnet. Bezogen auf Rad fahrende Kinder und Jugendliche in Deutschland wird mithilfe des relativen bevölkerungsbezogenen zuschreibbaren Risikos (population attributable risk percent, PAR%) der durch Helmtragen vermeidbare Anteil der Kopf- bzw. Hirnverletzungen abgeschätzt. Dazu werden neben den Helmtrage-Prävalenzen Odds Ratios (OR) zur Effektivität von Fahrradhelmen für die Verhütung von Kopf- und Hirnverletzungen aus der Literatur (Cochrane Review) herangezogen. Der potenzielle Effekt einer verbesserten Helmtragequote wird für die besonders relevanten Altersgruppen anhand von 3 Szenarien und den resultierenden Differenzen der PAR%-Werte dargestellt. Ergebnisse: Mit zunehmendem Alter der Kinder sinkt die Helmtragequote. Während 89,5% (95%-KI 88%-90,8%) der 3- bis 6-Jährigen einen Helm beim Rad fahren tragen, sind es bei den 14- bis 17-Jährigen nur 11% (95%-KI 9,3%-12,9%). Dementsprechend sind 19% der Kopf- bzw. Hirnverletzungen bei den 3- bis 6-Jährigen auf den nicht getragenen Helm zurückzuführen, bei den 14- bis 17-Jährigen sind es sogar zwei Drittel. Eine auf 67% bzw. 75% erhöhte Helmtragequote könnte den Anteil der durch ,Nichthelmtragen‘ bedingten Kopfverletzungen bei den älteren Jugendlichen (14-17 Jahre) um mehr als ein Drittel bzw. auf annähernd die Hälfte reduzieren. Schlussfolgerung: Besonders ältere Kinder und Jugendliche tragen selten einen Fahrradhelm, der Anteil der durch Helmtragen vermeidbaren Kopfverletzungen in dieser Gruppe ist entsprechend hoch. Anstrengungen zur Erhöhung der Helmtragequote sollten alle Altersgruppen einbeziehen, dabei aber insbesondere ältere Kinder und Jugendliche ansprechen.
Additional file 1 of A study protocol for a European, mixed methods, prospective, cohort study of the effectiveness of naloxone administration by community members, in reversing opioid overdose: NalPORS
Creators: name: Metrebian, Nicola
name: Carter, Ben
name: Eide, Desiree
name: McDonald, Rebecca
name: Neale, Joanne
name: Parkin, Stephen
name: Dascal, Teodora
name: Mackie, Clare
name: Day, Ed
name: Guterstam, Joar
name: Horsburgh, Kirsten
name: Kåberg, Martin
name: Kelleher, Mike
name: Smith, Josie
name: Thiesen, Henrik
name: Strang, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. NalPORS Questionnaire.
THE LIMITS & EFFECTS OF DRAW ON PROPERTIES AND MORPHOLOGY OF PAN-BASED PRECURSOR AND THE RESULTANT CARBON FIBERS
Creators: name: Edrington, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applied Mechanics
subject: Manufacturing
subject: Polymer and Organic Materials

description: The process, structure, and property relationship of PAN fiber as a precursor to carbon fiber was studied. The limitations of stable spinning and property improvement associated with hot draw in solution spinning were found and quantified. Conditions were varied to generated precursor fiber up to the limit of draw, from which actual samples were collected for thermal conversion to carbon fiber. Samples of PAN and subsequent carbon fiber were characterized using tensile testing and x-ray analysis. The effects of draw on modulus and break stress, as well as the orientation of the crystalline structure of both parent precursor and resultant carbon fiber were found and related back to the quantified draw limit.
Per a una història de la literatura catalana a la Postmodernitat
Creators: name: Ardolino, Francesco
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Catalans--Social life and customs
subject: Catalan literature
subject: History of contemporary events
subject: Historiography
subject: Postmodernism

description: The concept of postmodernity has been interpreted in various different ways in accordance with its use as a historical period, in theoretical debates or in other specific contexts. This article reviews its use in the interpretation of the latest Catalan literature and puts forward some ideas towards a history of the literature of the twentieth and twenty-first centuries.  KEYWORDS: Postmodernity, postmodernism, history, canon, contemporary Catalan literature.  RESUM: El concepte de Postmodernitat ha generat interpretacions molt diferents en funció de la seva aplicació a perioditzacions historiogràfiques, debats teòrics o aspectes més concrets. Aquest article revisa les lectures que, en el camp de la literatura catalana, han intentat examinar la més candent contemporaneïtat i, alhora, ofereix una proposta per a la construcció d’una història de les obres literàries dels segles XX i XXI. PARAULES CLAU: Postmodernitat, postmodernisme, historiografia, cànon, literatura catalana contemporània.
Construction of a lytically replicating Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV)
Creators: name: Budt, Matthias
name: Histozova, Tsvetana
name: Hille, Georg
name: Berger, Katrin
name: Brune, Wolfram
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cell Line
subject: Humans
subject: Virulence
subject: Viral Load
subject: Immediate-Early Proteins/genetics
subject: Trans-Activators/genetics
subject: Virus Latency
subject: Gene Expression Regulation Viral
subject: Chromosomes Artificial Bacterial
subject: Genes Essential
subject: Genes Viral
subject: Genetic Engineering
subject: Herpesvirus 8 Human/genetics
subject: Herpesvirus 8 Human/growth & development
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Karposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is found predominantly in a latent state in most cell types, impeding investigations of the lytic replication cycle. Here, we engineered the cloned KSHV genome, bacterial artificial chromosome 36 (BAC36), to enforce constitutive expression of the main lytic switch regulator, the replication and transcription activator (RTA) (open reading frame 50 [ORF50]). The resulting virus, KSHV-lyt, activated by default the lytic cycle and replicated to high titers in various cells. Using KSHV-lyt, we showed that ORF33 (encoding a tegument protein) is essential for lytic KSHV replication in cell culture, but ORF73 (encoding the latent nuclear antigen [LANA]) is not. Thus, KSHV-lyt should be highly useful to study viral gene function during lytic replication.
The Role of Alternative Hosts and Herbicides in the Management of Clavibacter nebraskensis, Causal Agent of Goss’s wilt of Corn
Creators: name: Ikley, Joseph T.
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)

description: The reemergence of Goss’s wilt of corn in the western Corn Belt in 2006, along with subsequent identification of the disease in 16 states, has led to renewed interest in the disease and its epidemiology. Goss’s wilt, caused by the bacterium Clavibacter nebraskensis, is currently the third-leading cause of yield loss in corn from diseases in the United States. Its impact is exacerbated by the fact that cultural control methods are the only current means for its control. The objectives of our research were to (1) determine the role that alternative hosts of the bacterium play in the disease cycle and epidemiology of Goss’s wilt, and (2) determine if postemergence herbicide use affects disease severity. Through a greenhouse experiment, we discovered three new weedy alternative hosts of the disease. In a series of field and greenhouse experiments, we found that C. nebraskensis can overwinter on alternative host and corn debris in Indiana. We found that C. nebraskensis did not become seed-borne in alternative hosts. In contrast to corn, no systemic infections were observed on alternative hosts, with the bacterium being restricted to inoculated leaf tissue. Using herbicides to control C. nebraskensis-infected weeds did not reduce the pathogenicity of the bacterium recovered from treated plants. The use of nicosulfuron, dicamba plus diflufenzopyr, and a 2X rate of glyphosate postemergence increased disease severity in one experiment, but postemergence herbicides did not influence disease severity in a second experiment. Corn yield was not affected. This indicates that herbicide use may play a role in the epidemiology of Goss’s wilt in some years, but ultimately corn yield is not affected. Our results demonstrate that the host range of C. nebraskensis is wider than previously thought, and that postemergence control of alternative hosts may not be sufficient in reducing inoculum levels. Our results suggest that failure to control alternative hosts could negate some of the benefits of crop rotation to reduce inoculum levels in a field, thus playing an important role in the epidemiology of Goss’s wilt.
Vertigo: Epidemiologic Aspects
Creators: name: Neuhauser, Hannelore
name: Lempert, Thomas
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Humans
subject: Meniere Disease/epidemiology
subject: Migraine Disorders/epidemiology
subject: Vertigo/epidemiology
subject: Vestibular Neuronitis/epidemiology
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Vertigo is a frequent symptom in the general population with a 12-month prevalence of 5% and an incidence of 1.4% in adults. Its prevalence rises with age and is about two to three times higher in women than in men. The epidemiology of vertigo and underlying specific vestibular disorders is still an underdeveloped field despite its usefulness for clinical decision making and its potential for improving patient care. In this article, the authors give an overview on the epidemiology of vertigo as a symptom and of four specific vestibular disorders: benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV), vestibular migraine, Ménière's disease, and vestibular neuritis.
The Paradox of Female Agency: Ophelia and East Asian Sensibilities
Creators: name: Alice Joubin, Alexa
Publisher: name: Palgrave
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616
subject: East Asian literature
subject: Motion pictures
subject: History

description: There are three main East Asian approaches to interpreting Ophelia. The first is informed by the fascination with and reaction against the Victorian pictorialization of Ophelia, especially John Everett Millais's famous Ophelia (1851), that emphasized, as Kimberly Rhodes describes, her "pathos, innocence, and beauty rather than the unseemly detail of her death." Despite having lived through negative experiences, Ophelia retains a childlike innocence in these rewritings. For example, New Hamlet by Lao She (penname of Shu Qingchun, 1899-1966) parodies China's "Hamlet complex" (the inability to act at a time of national crisis) and the fascination with an Ophelia submerged in water. Both Ophelia and Millais's painting are featured in two of Japanese writer Natsume Sōseki's early twentieth-century novels. A second approach emphasizes the local context. Adapters used local values to engage with and even critique the Victorian narrative tradition of moralization. Late nineteenth-century translator Lin Shu (1852-1924), for example, tones down the sentimentalization of Ophelia in his classical Chinese rewriting of Charles and Mary Lamb's Tales from Shakespeare, showcasing the conflict between Victorian and Confucian moral codes. The third approach focuses upon an objectified and sexualized Ophelia. As other chapters in this volume demonstrate, this is not exclusively an Asian phenomenon. However, the eroticism associated with the Ophelia figure in a number of Asian stage and screen versions of Hamlet, such as Sherwood Hu's film Prince of the Himalayas (2006), aligns Ophelia with East Asian ideals of femininity, but also brings out the sexuality that is latent or suppressed in Victorian interpretations. They do so by aligning Ophelia with East Asian ideals of femininity.
Emergence of CTX-M-15 extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Creators: name: Dedeic-Ljubovic, A.
name: Hukic, M.
name: Pfeifer, Yvonne
name: Witte, Wolfgang
name: Padilla, E.
name: López-Ramis, I.
name: Albertí, S.
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Adult
subject: Humans
subject: Genotype
subject: Polymerase Chain Reaction
subject: Electrophoresis
subject: Gel
subject: Hospitals
subject: Cluster Analysis
subject: Cross Infection/microbiology
subject: Pulsed-Field
subject: Young Adult
subject: Bacterial Typing Techniques
subject: Anti-Bacterial Agents/pharmacology
subject: beta-Lactamases/biosynthesis
subject: DNA Fingerprinting
subject: Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins/analysis
subject: Bacterial Proteins/biosynthesis
subject: Bosnia-Herzegovina
subject: Isoelectric Focusing
subject: Klebsiella Infections/microbiology
subject: Klebsiella pneumoniae/chemistry
subject: Klebsiella pneumoniae/drug effects
subject: Klebsiella pneumoniae/enzymology
subject: Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolation & purification
subject: Plasmids
subject: beta-Lactamases/chemistry
subject: beta-Lactamases/classification
subject: beta-Lactamases/genetics
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Fifty-seven nosocomial Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates producing extended-spectrum β-lactamases (ESBLs) were collected between February 2007 and November 2007 in different wards of the Sarajevo (Bosnia-Herzegovina) reference hospital. These isolates comprise two major epidemic pulsed-field electrophoresis-defined clones plus two minor clones. In addition to the ESBL-mediated resistance, all strains uniformly showed resistance to ciprofloxacin, gentamicin and tobramycin. The β-lactamases involved in this resistance phenotype were TEM-1, SHV-1, and CTX-M-15, as demonstrated by isoelectric focusing, PCR amplification, and sequencing. TEM-1 and CTX-M-15 β-lactamases, as well as the aminoglycoside resistance determinants, were encoded in plasmids that could be transferred to Escherichia coli by conjugation. In three of the infected patients with the predominant clone, cefoxitin resistance development (MICs >128 mg/L) was documented. The analysis of the outer membrane proteins of the cefoxitin-susceptible and cefoxitin-resistant isolates revealed that the former expressed only one of the two major porins, OmpK36, whereas in the latter, the expression of Ompk36 was altered or abolished. This is the first report of CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae in Bosnia-Herzegovina. Furthermore, we document and characterize for the first time cefoxitin resistance development in CTX-M-15-producing K. pneumoniae.
Impact Transport on the Moon
Creators: name: Huang, Ya-huei
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2019
Subjects: Planetary science (excl. solar system and planetary geology)
Planetary geology

description: The ultimate goal of this dissertation was to better understand what the Apollo sample collection tells us about the impact history of the Moon. My main research tool is a computer code called Cratered Terrain Evolution Model (CTEM). CTEM is a Monte Carlo landscape evolution code developed to model a planetary surface subjected to impacts. While the main effect of impact cratering that CTEM simulates is elevation changes of the landscape through the excavation process of craters and the deposition of ejecta, I worked to extend the capabilities of the code to study problems in material transport. As impact cratering is a dominant process on the surface of Moon, the stratigraphy of lunar geology is thought to be composed of stacks of impact-generated ejecta layers. Each individual impact generates ejecta that is sourced from varying depths of the subsurface. This ejecta contains a rich abundance of material containing information, including composition and datable impact products, such as impact glasses. The extensions to the CTEM code that I developed allows me to track all ejecta generated during a simulation and model the complex history of the lunar regolith.
Animal Humanism: Race, Species, and Affective Kinship in Nineteenth-Century Abolitionism
Creators: name: Fielder, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: American literature
subject: Animal rights

description: “As nineteenth-century scientific theories of racism sought to justify slavery and oppression by dehumanizing black people, popular abolitionist arguments often emphasized the humanity of enslaved black people by likening them to free white people, most popularly in the figure of the mixed-race hero(ine). Other abolitionist arguments, however, employed animals as points of familiar reference, in cross-species comparisons that did not simply repeat racist ideologies but solicited interracial sympathy. This essay reads abolitionist children’s literature that deployed a strategy of “animal humanism,” using domesticated animals to mediate their readers’ sympathy for enslaved people. Focusing on the parallel rhetorics of species and race in children’s literature, the essay centers its discussion on the abolitionist revision of Maria Susanna Cummins’s novel The Lamplighter (1854) in The Lamplighter Picture Book(1855), other abolitionist literature for children, and political cartoons in which species and racial difference figure. As pets are construed as both domesticated and domestic in these texts, the possibility of cross-species kinship presents a more proximate familiar relation than cross-racial kinship. Attention to these uses of domesticated animals reveals the limitations of sympathy that is more easily mediated through species rather than race. However, readings of the animal as not only familiar but familial open new possibilities for an abolitionist sympathy that has antiracist potential in its ability to be mediated through acknowledged positions of difference rather than a dependence on sameness.”
title: Trifoliate Orange :
title: Guidelines for the Conduct of Tests for Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants..,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants
Year: 0
Subjects: New Varieties of Plants
Trifoliate Orange
Group identity

description: The purpose of these guidelines (“Test Guidelines”) is to elaborate the principles contained in the General Introduction (document TG/1/3), and its associated TGP documents, into detailed practical guidance for the harmonized examination of distinctness, uniformity and stability (DUS) and, in particular, to identify appropriate characteristics for the examination of DUS and production of harmonized variety descriptions.
Additional file 1 of Role of beta-(1→3)(1→6)-D-glucan derived from yeast on natural killer (NK) cells and breast cancer cell lines in 2D and 3D cultures
Creators: name: Boulifa, Abdelhadi
name: Raftery, Martin J.
name: Franzén, Alexander Sebastian
name: Radecke, Clarissa
name: Stintzing, Sebastian
name: Blohmer, Jens-Uwe
name: Pecher, Gabriele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary material 1.
Visualizing Racial Mixture and Movement: Music, Notation, Illustration
Creators: name: Fielder, Brigitte
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: American literature

description: “Racial representation has often been confined by the media used to depict its complexity—from language that describes race via metaphors of color to the technology of racial representation in black-and-white that obscures nondualistic racial gradation. Written music, like the written word, is a technology of representation. The visual representation of music and the visual representation of race are similar in that they are not mimetic but symbolic. Just as quarter and half notes stand in for certain pitches and durations that might be interpreted through variations such as instrumentation and style, the presence and absence of black ink represents racial difference that in reality is nuanced by gradations in complexion, historical contexts, and cultural resonances of racialization. Music here implies the aural, but also the movement of dance; the waltz and the march produce bodies in motion. The movement of racialized bodies through geopolitical spaces and with relation to one another hints at race’s fluidity. In the two genres on this single sheet, we see what might be understood as different methodological frames for understanding their respective narratives of race. The waltz’s male and female pairing of partners suggests heterosexuality. The march denotes a different kind of movement, not simply interpersonal but movement through geopolitical spaces and in militaristic endeavors.”
Sonstige transmissible spongiforme Enzephalopathien (TSE) bei Tieren
Creators: name: Beekes, Michael
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionskrankheiten / Erreger
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Tiere
subject: Transmissible Spongiforme
subject: Enzephalopathien
subject: TSE
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Neben der Bovinen spongiformen Enzephalopathie (BSE) bei Rindern ( → Kapitel VIII – 4.2.1) , der Scrapie (Traberkrankheit) bei Schafen und Ziegen ( → Kapitel VIII – 4.2.2) und der chronisch auszehrenden Krankheit (engl. „Chronic Wasting Disease“, CWD) bei Hirschartigen ( → Kapitel VIII – 4.2.3) sind im Tierreich noch einige seltenere natürlich auftretende transmissible spongiforme Enzephalopathien (TSE) bekannt. Dazu zählen die Übertragbare Enzephalopathie bei Farmnerzen (engl. „Transmissible Mink Encephalopathy“, TME [1–5]) und die Feline spongiforme Enzephalopathie (FSE) der Katzen [6, 7]. Fälle der FSE sind sowohl in Hauskatzen, als auch bei Wildkatzen in zoologischen Gärten vor allem in Großbritannien aufgetreten [8]. Bei Hauskatzen wurde die FSE zahlenmäßig häufiger beobachtet als bei Wildkatzen. Als weitere seltene TSE bei Tieren ist in zoologischen Gärten über vereinzelte BSE-Infektionen bei non-humanen Primaten (Lemuren und Rhesusaffen) berichtet worden bzw. bei verschiedenen Arten von Boviden (z.B. in großen Kudus oder Elanantilopen) aufgetreten [8]. Ferner wurde ein Fall einer mutmaßlich natürlich mit BSE infizierten Ziege beschrieben [9]. Vertiefende Informationen zu den nur in relativ geringen Fallzahlen vorgekommenen FSE-Fällen bei Wildkatzen und BSE-assoziierten Erkrankungen bei Affen, Boviden und der Ziege finden sich u.a. in der angegebenen Literatur. Im Mittelpunkt des folgenden Kapitels stehen die FSE bei Hauskatzen und die TME.
Perspective of Medical Jurisprudence
Creators: name: Nsonwu C. C
name: Johnkennedy N
name: Nnodim P. A
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: Medical jurisprudence integrates the study of medicine with the law. It makes sure that medical procedures are carried out in compliance with moral and legal requirements and provide vital proof and professional judgments in court proceedings. Medical jurisprudence helps to uphold the rule of law and preserve individual rights by bridging the gap between medicine and the law.
Mastiffs and spaniels: Gender and nation in the English dog
Creators: name: MacInnes, Ian F.
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616

description: In her book The Animal Estate, Harriet Ritvo reminds us that “animal-related discourse has often functioned as an extended, if unacknowledged metonymy, offering participants a concealed forum for the expression of opinions and worries imported from the human cultural arena.” This paper examines one such metonymy in the early modern period; the animal in question is the English dog.  Early modern England was often perceived by other nations to be unique in the variety and number of its dogs, and of these the mastiff and spaniel were most celebrated as products of “English soil.” They accompanied many English ambassadors throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, they are mentioned in the annals of the Virginia colony, they were even the only two dogs aboard the Mayflower. The mastiff’s courage, strength and ferocity in bull and bear baiting were appealing to those who wanted to advertise English masculine valor, both to themselves and to foreigners, but mastiffs were also criticized for their roughness, stupidity, and laziness. Spaniels, the quintessential dogs of the English gentry, were antithetical to the mastiff in almost every respect. Often celebrated for their loyalty and devotion, qualities that made them a model of civility and common interest, devoted spaniels could all too often be described as fawning, showing a false sycophantic loyalty or self-destructive attachment. As a gendered pair, the mastiff and spaniel record a significant uneasiness about the English national character, caught between barbarism and excessive civility. It is an uneasiness that combines regional climate, including things such as “air” and “ground,” and more abstract notions of race or breed as they were demonstrated in the animal world as a whole, and it demonstrates that the emerging discourse of nationality in the early modern period was as much concerned with the natural world as it was with human institutions.
Risk Factors for Obesity: Further Evidence for Stronger Effects on Overweight Children and Adolescents Compared to Normal-Weight Subjects
Creators: name: Beyerlein, Andreas
name: Toschke, André Michael
name: Rosario, Angelika Schaffrath
name: Kries, Rüdiger Von
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Epidemiologie und Gesundheitsberichterstattung
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Adolescent
subject: Humans
subject: Body Mass Index
subject: Risk Factors
subject: Child
subject: Age Factors
subject: Child Preschool
subject: Obesity/epidemiology
subject: Overweight
subject: Body Fat Distribution
subject: Body Size
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Background: We recently showed that in preschoolers risk factors for overweight show stronger associations with BMI in children with high BMI values. However, it is unclear whether these findings might also pertain to adolescents. Methods: We extracted data on 3–10 year-old (n = 7,237) and 11–17 year-old (n = 5,986) children from a representative cross-sectional German health survey (KiGGS) conducted between 2003 and 2006 and calculated quantile regression models for each age group. We used z-scores of children’s body mass index (BMI) as outcome variable and maternal BMI, maternal smoking in pregnancy, low parental socioeconomic status, exclusive formula-feeding and high TV viewing time as explanatory variables. Results: In both age groups, the estimated effects of all risk factors except formula-feeding on BMI z-score were greatest for children with the highest BMI z-score. The median BMI z-score of 11–17 year-old children with high TV viewing time, for example, was 0.11 [95% CI: 0.03, 0.19] units higher than the median BMI z-score of teenage children with low TV viewing time. This risk factor was associated with an average difference of 0.18 [0.06, 0.30] units at the 90th percentile of BMI z-score and of 0.20 [0.07, 0.33] units at the 97th percentile. Conclusions: We confirmed that risk factors for childhood overweight are associated with greater shifts in the upper parts of the children’s BMI distribution than in the middle and lower parts. These findings pertain also to teenagers and might possibly help to explain the secular shift in the upper BMI percentiles in children and adolescents.
Bovine Mastitis: Understanding the Zoonotic Risks  and Implications for Public Health
Creators: name: Poonam Shakya, Akshay Garg and R P Singh
Publisher: name: Bio vet innovator magazine
Year: 2024

description: Abstract:Bovine mastitis is an inflammation of the udder tissue in cows, typically caused by an infection. It's a major health concern in dairy farming, as it affects milk production and quality. Mastitis can result in the milk becoming contaminated, leading to reduced milk yield, changes in milk composition and potential economic losses for dairy producers. Bovine mastitis, while primarily a concern for dairy cattle, can have zoonotic implications, meaning certain pathogens responsible for mastitis can be transmitted to humans. However, the zoonotic risk associated with mastitis varies depending on the specific pathogens involved and the management practices on the farm.
Norovirusinfektionen in Deutschland
Creators: name: Koch, Judith
name: Schneider, Thomas
name: Stark, Klaus
name: Schreier, Eckart
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Epidemiologie
subject: Surveillance
subject: Norovirus
subject: Virale Gastroenteritis
subject: Hygiene
subject: 610 Medizin

description: Noroviren verursachen einen Großteil der weltweit auftretenden akuten viralen Gastroenteritiden. Sie verbreiten sich über kontaminierte Lebensmittel und Wasser, als Schmierinfektion oder über Aerosole, die beim Erbrechen entstehen. Aufgrund der hohen Viruskonzentration im Stuhl oder Erbrochenen, ihrer hohen Umweltstabilität, der niedrigen infektiösen Dosis sowie dem Fehlen einer längerfristigen Immunität führen Noroviruserkrankungen neben sporadischen Einzelerkrankungen überwiegend in Gemeinschaftseinrichtungen wie Krankenhäusern und Altenheimen zu Ausbrüchen von beachtlichem Ausmaß. Die Bewältigung dieser Krankheitsgeschehen erfordert ein striktes Hygienemanagement. Kinder und alte Menschen sind von der Erkrankung, die durch plötzlich einsetzendes häufig schwallartiges Erbrechen gekennzeichnet ist, besonders betroffen. Kennzeichnend für Noroviren ist die extreme Genomvariabilität, durch die fortlaufend neue Virusvarianten mit einem unterschiedlich stark ausgeprägten pathogenen Potenzial entstehen. Abhängig von der zirkulierenden Virusvariante differiert dadurch vor allem der Wintergipfel der saisonal verlaufenden Erkrankung deutlich. Für die Diagnostik stehen neben dem elektronenmikroskopischen Nach weis insbesondere der virale RNA-Nachweis in der PCR bzw. des viralen Antigens im Antigen-Enzymimmunoassay (EIA) zur Verfügung. Die Genomsequenzierung liefert wertvolle Informationen zur Identifikation der Virusvariante und zur Aufklärung von Infektionsketten. Erst nach Umsetzung des Infektionsschutzgesetzes (IfSG) im Januar 2001 mit Einführung der Meldepflicht von Norovirusinfektionen ist es möglich, einen detaillierten Überblick zur bundesweiten Epidemiologie dieser Erkrankung in Deutschland zu erhalten.
Altering a Race of Jades: Horse Breeding and Geohumoralism in Shakespeare
Creators: name: MacInnes, Ian F.
Publisher: name: Brill
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616

description: In *Henry V* and elsewhere, Shakespeare is echoing a larger cultural pattern centering on the body of the horse, a pattern in which the Galenic determinism of climate, region, race, and breed confronted a nascent nationalism based on governance and disciplined management.
Additional file 2 of Exploring the emotional impact of axial Spondyloarthritis: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of qualitative studies and a review of social media
Creators: name: Wilson, Nicky
name: Liu, Jia
name: Adamjee, Qainat
name: Di Giorgio, Sonya
name: Steer, Sophia
name: Hutton, Jane
name: Lempp, Heidi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 2. Study quality assessment.
Public Execution and Justice on/off the Elizabethan Stage: Shakespeare s First Tetralogy
Creators: name: Öğütcü, Murat
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Jurisprudence
subject: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616

description: Abstract: The Elizabethan regime in its last fifteen years faced many socio-political tensions. Although disorganised at first, as time passed, tensions increased and attempts were made to voice aloud socio- political criticisms, but use of the repressive state apparatus of the judicial system suppressed these. Accordingly, public execution was employed to exert the executive powers of the monarch against dissent. Deserved punishment in the theatre’s public executions could create a cathartic effect, reducing tensions about injustice that was felt by the Elizabethan playgoers in real life. Yet, the arbitrariness of  justice in the executions on and off the stage complicated the creation of such a catharsis, as displayed, especially, in Shakespeare’s first tetralogy (ca. 1589-1594). Accordingly, this article analyses the politics and poetics of public execution and it suggests that scenes of executions in theatres increased the socio- political tensions caused by the injustice of the Late Elizabethan Period.  Keywords: Shakespeare, History Plays, First Tetralogy, Public Execution, Politics, Poetics
Low hepatitis B immunogenicity of a hexavalent vaccine widely used in Germany: results of the German Health Survey for Children and Adolescents, 2003–2006
Creators: name: Jorgensen, Pernille
name: Poethko-Müller, Christina
name: Hellenbrand, Wiebke
name: Jilg, Wolfgang
name: Thierfelder, Wulf
name: Meyer, Christiane
name: Heiden, Matthias An Der
name: Schlaud, Martin
name: Radun, Doris
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut, Infektionsepidemiologie
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Hepatitis B
subject: public health
subject: vaccination (immunization)
subject: vaccines
subject: 610 Medizin

description: The success of childhood vaccination against hepatitis B relies on persistence of immunity into adolescence and adulthood. In 2000, two hexavalent vaccines with a hepatitis B component (Hexavac®, Infanrix hexa®) were introduced in Germany. Hexavac was withdrawn in 2005 amidst concerns about its long-term hepatitis B protection. We compared hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) levels in children fully vaccinated with Hexavac or Infanrix hexa (n=477) in a secondary data analysis of a large cross-sectional health survey in Germany. On average 2·4 years after vaccination, 25·3% of Hexavac vaccinees had anti-HBs levels
THE COURT, THE NOBILITY AND THE MONARCH S RESPONSIBILITIES IN SHAKESPEARE S ELIZABETHAN HISTORY PLAYS
Creators: name: Öğütcü, Murat
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Literature and history
subject: Shakespeare, William, 1564-1616

description: Abstract After 1588, several socio-political and economic problems appeared in the Elizabethan society. These problems were aggravated by Elizabeth I’s desire to live royally without responsibility. The correlation between good government and the responsibility of monarchs was emphasised in the literature of the period, as well. Particularly, the depiction of capable and incapable monarchs on the stage and in printed versions of plays made that correlation very topical. For instance, Shakespeare’s Elizabethan history plays depicted monarchs like Henry VI, Richard II or Henry IV who disused or misused their powers and created socio-political problems. The depiction of a possibly good government was depicted through Shakespeare’s Henry V. Henry V’s definition of responsibilities provided solutions for the failings of the system. The depictions of these fictive monarchs, on the other hand, might have been read by the contemporary Elizabethan audiences in relation with their own problems. Thus, this article will analyse to what extend Shakespeare’s Elizabethan history plays reflected contemporary issues about the responsibility of monarchs. Keywords: Elizabethan Period, Shakespeare, History Plays, Responsibility of Monarchs.
sj-pdf-1-ajs-10.1177_03635465211021000 – Supplemental material for The Application of Computerized Adaptive Testing to the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form
Creators: name: Lee, Donghoon
name: Rao, Somnath
name: Campbell, Richard E.
name: Plummer, Otho R.
name: Tjoumakaris, Fotios P.
name: Cohen, Steven B.
name: Freedman, Kevin B.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110314 Orthopaedics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110604 Sports Medicine
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110323 Surgery

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-ajs-10.1177_03635465211021000 for The Application of Computerized Adaptive Testing to the International Knee Documentation Committee Subjective Knee Evaluation Form by Donghoon Lee, Somnath Rao, Richard E. Campbell, Otho R. Plummer, Fotios P. Tjoumakaris, Steven B. Cohen and Kevin B. Freedman in The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Becoming a Gwo Nèg in 1970s Haiti: Dany Laferrière's Coming-of-Age Film Le Goût des Jeunes Filled (On the Verge of Fever)
Creators: name: Skallerup Bessette, Lee
Publisher: name: Humanities Commons
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Caribbean Area
subject: Area studies
subject: Motion pictures and history
subject: Motion pictures--Political aspects
subject: Postcolonialism

description: When all men are either dead, exiled, thugs or zombies in a world ruled through violence and terror by a President-for-Life and his son, how is a young boy expected to come of age and forge his own identity? Le Goût des Jeunes Filles (On the Verge of Fever), a 2004 film about Fanfan, a 15-year-old boy, set in Port-au-Prince, Haiti, on the same weekend of François Duvalier’s death in 1971, explores this question. Sheltered by his fearful and devoted mother, Fanfan is lured into the violent and unpredictable Port-au-Prince nightlife by his friend Gégé. When a Tonton Macoute (Duvalier’s civilian enforcers) pulls a gun on Fanfan, Gégé vows revenge against the Macoute and convinces Fanfan that he castrated him. Fanfan, now on the run and fearful for his life and that of his mother, hides in a house across the street from his own home. Fanfan has long watched the house from his bedroom window; it is a place where four beautiful young girls—Miki, Choupette, Pasqualine and Marie-Erna—spend time enjoying themselves and doing as they please, but where the Tonton Macoutes are also a constant presence. While Gégé eventually reveals the castration of the Macoute to be nothing more than a prank, meaning Fanfan had nothing to fear, that weekend, Fanfan matures from naïve schoolboy to being a gwo nèg (big man). This essay examines this transformation as it is presented in the film.