cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Alleviating the non-ultralocality of coset sigma models through a generalized Faddeev-Reshetikhin procedure
Creators: name: Delduc, Francois
name: Magro, Marc
name: Vicedo, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Faddeev-Reshetikhin procedure corresponds to a removal of the non-ultralocality of the classical SU(2) principal chiral model. It is realized by defining another field theory, which has the same Lax pair and equations of motion but a different Poisson structure and Hamiltonian. Following earlier work of M. Semenov-Tian-Shansky and A. Sevostyanov, we show how it is possible to alleviate in a similar way the non-ultralocality of symmetric space sigma models. The equivalence of the equations of motion holds only at the level of the Pohlmeyer reduction of these models, which corresponds to symmetric space sine-Gordon models. This work therefore shows indirectly that symmetric space sine-Gordon models, defined by a gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten action with an integrable potential, have a mild non-ultralocality. The first step needed to construct an integrable discretization of these models is performed by determining the discrete analogue of the Poisson algebra of their Lax matrices.
description: 31 pages; v2: minor changes
Additional file 4 of Transcriptome analyses revealed the ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins coordinately promoted the accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L.
Creators: name: Ma, Tingyu
name: Gao, Han
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Shi, Yuhua
name: Zhang, Tianyuan
name: Shen, Xiaofeng
name: Wu, Lan
name: Xiang, Li
name: Chen, Shilin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S1. Functional annotation of all of the assembled unigenes into biological process, cellular component, and molecular function categories within the gene ontology (GO) database.(A) Gene ontology (GO) database of up-regulated genes; (B) Gene ontology (GO) database of down-regulated genes. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis of the annotated DEGs in the different treatments. (C) Number of differentially expressed genes detected between GA, UV and GA+UV treatments.
Design Languages for Embedded Systems
Creators: name: Edwards, Stephen A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Embedded systems are application-specific computers that interact with the physical world. Each has a diverse set of tasks to perform, and although a very flexible language might be able to handle all of them, instead a variety of problem-domain-specific languages have evolved that are easier to write, analyze, and compile. This paper surveys some of the more important languages, introducing their central ideas quickly without going into detail. A small example of each is included.
'House of no spirit' : an architectural history of the Indian Residential School in British Columbia
Creators: name: Carr, Geoffrey Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This dissertation investigates an often disregarded aspect of the history of the Indian Residential School (IRS) system in British Columbia (BC): namely, the designs, aims, and uses of its architecture. Central to the dissertation is the contention that the IRS should not be considered a ―school‖ per se, as this label suggests not only kinship with a broad spectrum of institutions, but also intimates a place of salubrity and self-improvement. On the contrary, the study evinces the particular nature of the IRS: to disrupt the formation of genealogies between these structures and other modern institutions. This emphasis on distinctions—between the IRS and other modern buildings—is explored through a comparative architectural topology, meant to reveal the precise function of the IRS: to target certain colonized Indigenous subjects, to effect particular rationalities of colonial rule, and to produce distinct spaces within which to enforce new behavioural norms. Moreover, I argue that the IRS comprised places without place, non-places where Indigenous children, by design, were meant to no longer feel at home in their own societies, cultures, communities, and families. In addition to rethinking IRS architecture in BC, the study also surveys several conflicting opinions on how—or if at all—to commemorate the institutional remnants of this complex and, often, painful history. Variously repurposed, neglected, or demolished, the former IRS pose several problems, in terms of determining their historical value and their place among existing national, provincial, and regional sites of memory. I analyse the official processes by which material and intangible traces of the past become bearers of heritage value. Following this, I investigate in depth the cluster of issues that trouble attempts to recognize and preserve the ―difficult heritage‖ of the IRS.
On the Parameter Estimation Accuracy of Model-Matching Feature Detectors
Creators: name: Baker, Simon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: The performance of model-fitting feature detectors is critically dependent upon the function used to measure the degree of fit between the feature model and the image data. In this paper, we consider the class of weighted L² norms as potential fitting functions and study the effect which the choice of fitting function has on one particular aspect of performance, namely parameter estimation accuracy. We first derive an optimality criterion based upon how far an ideal feature instance is perturbed around the feature manifold when noise is added to it. We then show that a first-order(linear) approximation to the feature manifold results in the Euclidean L² norm being optimal. We next show empirically that for non-linear manifolds the Euclidean L² norm is no longer, in general, optimal. Finally, we present the results of several experiments comparing the performance of various weighting functions on a number of ubiquitous features.
Applying Reliability Metrics to Co-Reference Annotation
Creators: name: Passonneau, Rebecca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: Studies of the contextual and linguistic factors that constrain discourse phenomena such as reference are coming to depend increasingly on annotated language corpora. In preparing the corpora, it is important to evaluate the reliability of the annotation, but methods for doing so have not been readily available.In this report, I present a method for computing reliability of coreference annotation. First I review a method for applying the information retrieval metrics of recall and precision to coreference annotation proposed by Marc Vilain and his collaborators. I show how this method makes it possible to construct contingency tables for computing Cohen's Kappa, a familiar reliability metric. By comparing recall and precision to reliability on the same data sets, I also show that recall and precision can be misleadingly high. Because Kappa factors out chance agreement among coders, it is a preferable measure for developing annotated corpora where no pre-existing target annotation exists.
Effectiveness of protective clothing for motorized 2-wheeler riders
Creators: name: Wu, Dan
name: Hours, Martine
name: Ndiaye, Amina
name: Coquillat, Amandine
name: Martin, Jean-Louis
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: This study assesses the effectiveness of protective clothing (motorcycle jacket, trousers, gloves, knee-high or ankle boots, back protection) for motorized 2-wheeler (MTW) riders. Methods: This retrospective observational study used injury data from the Rhône Registry of Road Accident Victims, plus a postal survey conducted in 2016. Seven thousand one hundred forty-eight MTW riders involved in accidents between 2010 and 2014 were identified from the Registry and were invited to complete a questionnaire. Nine hundred seventy-nine individuals returned the questionnaire with relevant information; 951 with complete injury descriptions and clothing information were included in the study. The impact of protective clothing on injury risk was estimated using Poisson regression, with weighting for nonrespondents. Results: Sixty-seven percent of MTW riders sustained upper limb injuries and 47% sustained lower limb injuries. Gloves were the most frequent gear worn (76%), followed by jackets (59%) and knee-high or ankle boots (37%). Only 23% had back protection and 0.3% had an airbag. Wearing protective clothing was associated with a lower risk of soft tissue injury to upper and lower limbs: For upper limbs, the risk was lower when one of 2 items (a motorcycle jacket or gloves) was worn (relative risk [RR] = 0.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.18–0.75) and was lowest when both were worn (RR = 0.28; 95% CI, 0.12–0.69); for lower limbs, risk was reduced by wearing both motorcycle trousers and boots (RR = 0.60; 95% CI, 0.40–0.91) but was not significantly reduced when only one of these items was worn (RR = 0.90; 95% CI, 0.67–1.21). This protective effect was mainly due to a reduction in abrasions/lacerations rather than contusions. However, protective clothing did not reduce the risk of fracture, dislocation, or sprain, except for knee-high or ankle boots, which were associated with lower risk of ankle or foot fracture (RR = 0.43; 95% CI, 0.24–0.75). No effect of back protectors was shown. Conclusions: This study confirms the potential for motorcycle clothing to protect users from injury, in particular abrasions and lacerations. However, it did not show any significant protective effect against more serious injuries, such as fracture, dislocation, or sprain, except for knee-high or ankle boots, which reduced foot and ankle fracture risk. Our results argue for more widespread use of protective clothing by MTW users.
Adapting Materialized Views after Redefinitions: Techniques and a Performance Study
Creators: name: Gupta, Ashish
name: Mumick, Inderpal S.
name: Rao, Jun
name: Ross, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: We consider a variant of the view maintenance problem: How does one keep a materialized view up-to-date when the view definition itself changes? Can one do better than recomputing the view from the base relations? Traditional view maintenance tries to maintain the materialized view in response to modifications to the base relations; we try to ``adapt'' the view in response to changes in the view definition. Such techniques are needed for applications where the user can change queries dynamically and see the changes in the results fast. Data archaeology, data visualization, and dynamic queries are examples of such applications. We consider all possible redefinitions of SQL\Select-\From-\Where-\Groupby-\Having, \Union, and \Minus\ views, and show how these views can be adapted using the old materialization for the cases where it is possible to do so. We identify extra information that can be kept with a materialization to facilitate redefinition.Multiple simultaneous changes to a view can be handled without necessarily materializing intermediate results. We identify guidelines for users and database administrators that can be used to facilitate efficient view adaptation. We perform a systematic experimental evaluation of our proposed techniques. Our evaluation indicates that adaptation is more efficient than rematerialization in most cases. Certain adaptation techniques can be up to1,000 times better. We also point out the physical layouts that can benefit adaptation.
A rare early-type star revealed in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Evans, C. J.
name: Hainich, R.
name: Oskinova, L. M.
name: Gallagher, J. S.
name: Chu, Y. -H.
name: Gruendl, R. A.
name: Hamann, W. -R.
name: Hénault-Brunet, V.
name: Todt, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sk 183 is the visually-brightest star in the N90 nebula, a young star-forming region in the Wing of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). We present new optical spectroscopy from the Very Large Telescope which reveals Sk 183 to be one of the most massive O-type stars in the SMC. Classified as an O3-type dwarf on the basis of its nitrogen spectrum, the star also displays broadened He I absorption which suggests a later type. We propose that Sk 183 has a composite spectrum and that it is similar to another star in the SMC, MPG 324. This brings the number of rare O2- and O3-type stars known in the whole of the SMC to a mere four. We estimate physical parameters for Sk 183 from analysis of its spectrum. For a single-star model, we estimate an effective temperature of 46+/-2 kK, a low mass-loss rate of ~10^-7 Msun yr^-1, and a spectroscopic mass of 46^+9_-8 Msun (for an adopted distance modulus of 18.7 mag to the young population in the SMC Wing). An illustrative binary model requires a slightly hotter temperature (~47.5 kK) for the primary component. In either scenario, Sk 183 is the earliest-type star known in N90 and will therefore be the dominant source of hydrogen-ionising photons. This suggests Sk 183 is the primary influence on the star formation along the inner edge of the nebula.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 10 pages, 7 figures, v2 after proofs
Static flow on complete noncompact manifolds I: short-time existence and asymptotic expansions at conformal infinity
Creators: name: Hu, Xue
name: Shi, Yuguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C25 (Primary) 58J05 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we study short-time existence of static flow on complete noncompact asymptotically static manifolds from the point of view that the stationary points of the evolution equations can be interpreted as static solutions of the Einstein vacuum equations with negative cosmological constant. For a static vacuum $(M^n,g,V),$ we also compute the asymptotic expansions of $g$ and $V$ at conformal infinity.
description: 25 pages
Integrating Transaction Services into Web-based Software Development Environments
Creators: name: Yang, Jack Jingshuang
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Dossick, Stephen E.
name: Jiang, Wenyu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Computer science

description: Software Development Environments (SDE) require sophisticated database transaction models due to the long-duration,interactive, and cooperative nature of the software engineering activities. Such Extended Transaction Models (ETM) have been proposed and implemented by building application-specific databases for the SDEs. With the development of World Wide Web (WWW), there have been a number of efforts to build SDEs on top of the WWW. Using web servers as the databases to store the software artifacts provided us with a new challenge: how to implement the ETMs in such web-based SDEs without requiring the web servers to be customized specifically according to the application domains of the SDEs. This paper presents our experiences of integrating transaction services into web based SDEs. We evolved from the traditional approach of building a transaction management component that operated on top of a dedicated database to the external transaction server approach. A transaction server, called JPernLite, was built to operate independently of the web servers and provide the necessary extensibility for SDEs to implement their ETMs. The transaction server can be integrated into the SDE via a number of interfaces, and we discuss the pros and cons of each alternative in detail.
Sericomyrmex bondari Borgmeier 1937
Creators: name: Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela
name: Serna, Francisco
name: Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey
name: Lattke, John
name: Rabeling, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Sericomyrmex
Sericomyrmex bondari

description: (31) Sericomyrmex bondari Borgmeier, 1937 Figure 8C, DMaterial examined. COLOMBIA: Antioquia • 1 worker; Andes; 05°41′00″N, 075°50′00″W; alt. 1700 m; 09 Mar. 2017; M. Ramirez leg.; UNAB 4760; Amazonas • 1 worker; La Pedrera; 01°35′00″S, 069°28′00″W; alt. 87 m; 29 Apr.–7 May 2001; A. Sabogal leg.; UNAB 4760; Caquetá • 2 workers; Florencia; 01°30′9.99″N, 075°36′23″W; alt. 250 m; 21 Sep. 2016; F. Sernaleg.; UNAB 363; Putumayo • 1 worker; Mocoa; 01°08′00″N, 076°38′00″W; alt. 500 m; 11–13 Jun. 2002; UNAB mem- bers leg.; UNAB 4773; Vaupés • 1 worker; Taraira; 01°04′00″S, 069°31′00″W; alt. 85 m; 14–20 May 2001; A. Sabogal leg.; UNAB 4760. Identification. Large species; hairs thick and dark; pos- terior cephalic emargination deep, gradually impressed; posterior cephalic corner acute to rounded; mandible dorsally smooth; frontal lobe triangular; mesosomal tu- bercles distinct, sometimes relatively sharp; and gaster with lateral carina weakly to moderately developed, and dorsal carina absent (Ješovnik and Schultz 2017). Distribution.Sericomyrmex bondari is widely distributed throughout South America and has been recorded in Bolivia, the Brazilian states of Amazonas, Bahia, Ceará, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso, Minas Gerais, Pernam- buco, Rio de Janeiro, and Rondônia, as well as in Colombia, Ecuador, French Guiana, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela (Borgmeier 1937; Ješovnik and Schultz 2017).
description: Published as part of Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela, Serna, Francisco, Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey, Lattke, John & Rabeling, Christian, 2020, A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records, pp. 1205-1227 in Check List 16 (5) on page 1219, DOI: 10.15560/16.5.1205, http://zenodo.org/record/4059086
description: {"references": ["Borgmeier T (1937) Formigas novas ou pouco conhecidas da America do Sul e Central, principalmente do Brasil (Hym. Formicidae). Archivos do Instituto de Biologia Vegetal 3 (2): 217 - 255.", "Jesovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 670. 11839"]}
Yukawaon Model with U(3)$\times$S$_3$ Family Symmetries
Creators: name: Koide, Yoshio
name: Nishiura, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new yukawaon model is investigated under a family symmetry U(3)\times S_3. In this model, all vacuum expectation values (VEVs) of the yukawaons, , are described in terms of a fundamental VEV matrix as in the previous yukawaon model, but the assignments of quantum number for fields are different from the previous ones: the fundamental yukawaon Φ_0 is assigned to (3,3) of U(3) \times U(3), which is broken into (3,1+2) of U(3) \times S_3, although quarks and leptons are still assigned to triplets of U(3) and yukawaons Y_f are assigned to 6^* of U(3). Then, VEV relations among Yukawaons become more concise considerably than the previous yukawaon models. By adjusting parameters, we can fit not only quark mixing parameters but also lepton mixing parameters together with their mass ratios.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Exactly Solvable Topological Chiral Spin Liquid with Random Exchange
Creators: name: Chua, Victor
name: Fiete, Gregory A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the Yao-Kivelson decorated honeycomb lattice Kitaev model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99,247203 (2007)] of an exactly solvable chiral spin liquid by including disordered exchange couplings. We have determined the phase diagram of this system and found that disorder enlarges the region of the topological non-Abelian phase with finite Chern number. We study the energy level statistics as a function of disorder and other parameters in the Hamiltonian, and show that the phase transition between the non-Abelian and Abelian phases of the model at large disorder can be associated with pair annihilation of extended states at zero energy. Analogies to integer quantum Hall systems, topological Anderson insulators, and disordered topological Chern insulators are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
The structure of sex work : variability in the numbers and types of sex partners of female sex workers in southern India
Creators: name: Deering, Kathleen Nicole
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Background and objectives: There is limited knowledge of sexual structure (i.e., the numbers, types and distributions of sex partners and patterns of sexual contact) and its relationship with HIV infection and prevention among female sex workers (FSWs). The objectives of this study were therefore: to examine the social and environmental factors associated with the numbers of clients of FSWs; to characterize heterogeneity in sexual structure and assess how sexual structure influences HIV prevalence; and to examine the impact of an HIV intervention on condom use by different partners (clients, intimate partners), as reported by FSWs. Methods: This study used data collected from FSWs and clients in Karnataka state, southern India as part of the Avahan AIDS Initiative, an ongoing large-scale HIV intervention. Bivariate and multivariable statistical techniques were used to examine the relationships between two outcomes (numbers of clients and condom use) and key social and environmental factors, including exposure to the Avahan intervention. A deterministic compartmental mathematical model was developed to understand how sexual structure influenced HIV prevalence on a population level. Results: Sexual structure displayed substantial geographic variation across districts in Karnataka. The most common predictors of higher rates of clients were a reliance on sex work as sole income, younger age, and being single or cohabiting as compared to married. The effect of the solicitation environment (e.g., brothels, public places, homes) varied by district. Intervention exposure was associated with increased condom use by FSWs’ clients, but not their intimate partners. Mathematical modelling identified sexual structure parameters with the largest influence on increasing (numbers of clients of FSWs; numbers of visits to FSWs by clients; frequency of sex acts with repeat clients) and decreasing (duration of the repeat FSW-client partnership; fraction of repeat clients) HIV prevalence within and across districts. Conclusions: Differences in the sexual structure of FSWs and their commercial clients have important implications for HIV transmission dynamics. In light of findings related to both differences in sexual structure across districts and the impact of an intervention on condom use by different partners of FSWs, HIV prevention planners need to tailor interventions to respond to local contexts.
New phase diagrams for dense carbon-oxygen mixtures and white dwarf evolution
Creators: name: Althaus, Leandro G.
name: García-Berro, Enrique
name: Isern, Jordi
name: Córsico, Alejandro H.
name: Bertolami, Marcelo M. Miller
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cool white dwarfs are reliable and independent stellar chronometers. The most common white dwarfs have carbon-oxygen dense cores. Consequently, the cooling ages of very cool white dwarfs sensitively depend on the adopted phase diagram of the carbon-oxygen binary mixture. A new phase diagram of dense carbon-oxygen mixtures appropriate for white dwarf interiors has been recently obtained using direct molecular dynamics simulations. In this paper, we explore the consequences of this phase diagram in the evolution of cool white dwarfs. To do this we employ a detailed stellar evolutionary code and accurate initial white dwarf configurations, derived from the full evolution of progenitor stars. We use two different phase diagrams, that of Horowitz et al. (2010), which presents an azeotrope, and the phase diagram of Segretain & Chabrier (1993), which is of the spindle form. We computed the evolution of 0.593 and 0.878M_sun white dwarf models during the crystallization phase, and we found that the energy released by carbon-oxygen phase separation is smaller when the new phase diagram of Horowitz et al. (2010) is used. This translates into time delays that are on average a factor about 2 smaller than those obtained when the phase diagram of Segretain & Chabrier (1993) is employed. Our results have important implications for white dwarf cosmochronology, because the cooling ages of very old white dwarfs are different for the two phase diagrams. This may have a noticeable impact on the age determinations of very old globular clusters, for which the white dwarf color-magnitude diagram provides an independent way of estimating their age.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Sericomyrmex saussurei Emery 1894
Creators: name: Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela
name: Serna, Francisco
name: Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey
name: Lattke, John
name: Rabeling, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Sericomyrmex
Sericomyrmex saussurei

description: (33) Sericomyrmex saussurei Emery, 1894 Figure 8G, HMaterial examined. COLOMBIA: Amazonas • 2 workers; La Pedrera; 01°35′00″S, 069°30′00″W; alt. 87 m; 12–21 Apr. 2001; A. Sabogal leg.; UNAB 4761; Santander • 1 worker; Santa Helena del Opón; 06°20′ 00″N, 073°36′00″W; alt. 1426 m; 01 Apr. 2012; A. Ardi- la leg.; UNAB 2528. Identification. Medium-sized species; mandible usually striate; frontal carina complete; frontal lobe triangular; eye convex, moderately protruding from sides of head, covered with thick white layer; posterior cephalic emar- gination abruptly to gradually impressed, mesosomal tubercles from low and obtuse to well developed; and gaster with lateral carina well developed, and dorsal ca- rina weak to well developed (Ješovnik and Schultz 2017). Distribution.Sericomyrmex saussurei is widely distributed throughout the Amazon basin (Emery 1894; Kempf 1972; Ješovnik and Schultz 2017).
description: Published as part of Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela, Serna, Francisco, Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey, Lattke, John & Rabeling, Christian, 2020, A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records, pp. 1205-1227 in Check List 16 (5) on pages 1220-1221, DOI: 10.15560/16.5.1205, http://zenodo.org/record/4059086
description: {"references": ["Emery C (1894) Studi sulle formiche della fauna neotropica. Bullet- tino della Societa Entomologica Italiana 26: 137 - 241.", "Jesovnik A, Schultz TR (2017) Revision of the fungus-farming ant genus Sericomyrmex Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, Myrmicinae). ZooKeys 670: 1 - 109. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 670. 11839", "Kempf WW (1972) Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao neotro- pical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica 15: 1 - 344."]}
Where does smoothness count the most for two-point boundary-value problems?
Creators: name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: We are concerned with the complexity of 2mth order elliptic two-point boundary-value problems Lu = f. Previous work on the complexity of these problems has generally assumed that we had partial information about the right- hand side f and complete information about the coefficients of L, often making unrealistic assumptions about the smoothness of the coefficients of L. In this paper, we study problems in which f has r derivatives in theLp-sense and for L having the usual divergence form Lv = (−1)iDi(ai,jDjv), 0≤i,j≤m with ai,j being ri,j -times continuously differentiable. We find that if continuous information is permissible, then theε-complexity is proportional to(1/ε)1/(r ̃+m), where r ̃=min{r, min {ri,j −i}}, 0≤i,j≤m and show that a finite element method (FEM) is optimal. If only standard information (consisting of function and/or derivative evaluations) is available, we find that the complexity is proportional to (1/ε)1/rmin , where rmin = min{ r, min {ri,j } }, 0≤i,j≤m and we show that a modified FEM (which uses only function evaluations, and not derivatives) is optimal.
Two-photon path-entangled states in multi-mode waveguides
Creators: name: Poem, Eilon
name: Gilead, Yehonatan
name: Silberberg, Yaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally show that two-photon path-entangled states can be coherently manipulated by multi-mode interference in multi-mode waveguides. By measuring the output two-photon spatial correlation function versus the phase of the input state, we show that multi-mode waveguides perform as nearly-ideal multi-port beam splitters at the quantum level, creating a large variety of entangled and separable multi-path two-photon states.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The environmental history and geomorphic impact of 19th century placer mining along Fraser River, British Columbia
Creators: name: Nelson, Andrew David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: One possible source of part of the 171,000 to 229,000 m³ of gravel that accumulate annually in the gravel bed reach of Fraser River in the Lower Mainland is sediment dumped into the river by 19th century placer gold mining activity. Historical data suggest that, following the Fraser Gold Rush of 1858 and the Cariboo Gold Rush of the 1860s, a substantial placer gold extraction industry was established and continued into the beginning of the 20th century. Gold production figures and typical gold concentrations can be combined as a proxy to estimate that around 50 million m³ of sediment were excavated by mining activity. Excavations caused by mining are still present in the modern landscape. The areas covered by 456 mine excavations were mapped between Hope and the Cottonwood Canyon along Fraser River. A subset of 58 mines was surveyed and strong regression relations predicting mine volume from mine area were found and used to produce estimates of the volume of excavated material. This allows estimation of the total excavated volume of sediment: 45,900,000 m³. Small mines (<315,000 m³) contributed most of the tailings; and only 30% of the tailings came from hydraulic mining. Grainsize sampling and stratigraphic observations suggest average mine tailings were composed of 14% small cobbles, 32% gravel, 41% granules and sand, and 13% silt and clay. The resulting sediment wave on the Fraser can be classified as a megaslug. Sediment transport calculations suggest that the capacity of the Fraser to transport sediment is substantially higher than the average tailings load, so the key factor limiting downstream movement of sediment and resulting delivery to the aggrading reach is the virtual velocity of the sediment. Annual velocities of between 1 and 5 km a-¹ are probable. These velocities predict 100,000 to 700,00 m³a-¹ tailings are delivered to Hope, which compares favorably with the observed aggradation rate. Sediment from placer mining on the main stem of the Fraser may continue to influence the rate of sediment delivery to Hope for another century or more, nevertheless, the historical aggradation rate may not represent future conditions.
A 3-level Atomicity Model for Decentralized Workflow Management Systems
Creators: name: Ben-Shaul, Israel Z.
name: Heineman, George T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: Decentralized workflow management systems (WFMSs) provide an architecture for multiple, heterogeneous WFMSs to interoperate. Atomicity is a standard correctness model for guaranteeing that a set of operations occurs as an atomic unit, or none of them occur at all. Within a single WFMS, atomicity is the concern of its transaction manager. In a decentralized environment, however, the autonomous transaction managers must find ways to cooperate if an atomic unit is split between multiple WFMSs. This paper describes a flexible atomicity model that enables workflow administrators to specify the scope of multi-site atomicity based upon the desired semantics of multi-site tasks in the decentralized WFMS.
OzCare: A Workflow Automation System for Care Plans
Creators: name: Lee, Wenke
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Clayton, Paul D.
name: Sherman, Eric H.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: An automated environment for implementing and monitoring care plans and practice guidelines is very important to the reduction of hospital costs and optimization of medical care. The goal of our research effort is to design a general system architecture that facilitates the implementation of (potentially) numerous care plans. Our approach is unique in that we apply the principles and technologies of Oz, a multi-user collaborative workflow system that has been used as a software engineering environment framework, to hospital care planning. We utilize not only the workflow modeling and execution facilities of Oz, but also its open-system architecture to interface it with the World Wide Web, the Medical Logic Module server, and other components of the clinical information system. Our initial proof-of-concept system, OzCare, is constructed on top of the existing Oz system. Through several experiments in which we used this system to implement some Columbia-Presbyterian Medical Center care plans, we demonstrated that our system is capable and flexible for care plan automation.
International automobile production: How will firms compete in the 21st century?
Creators: name: Keller, Maryann
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper discusses recent developments in the automobile industry with respect to competitive advantage, particularly as these relate to capacity expansion at an unprecedented rate. Worldwide vehicle production ability is growing today more rapidly than it has in the last 20 or 30 years, and this has interesting implications for the world’s auto makers. Clearly most automobile manufacturers are very optimistic about the willingness of consumers to buy up this capacity. While environmental issues exist, they are not being factored into investment decisions about increases in car production capacity. At present, the world has the capability of producing 15 to 20 million more vehicles than it is currently buying (approximately 56 million passenger cars and light trucks annually).
Apterostigma peruvianum Wheeler 1925
Creators: name: Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela
name: Serna, Francisco
name: Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey
name: Lattke, John
name: Rabeling, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Apterostigma
Apterostigma peruvianum

description: (12) Apterostigma peruvianum Wheeler, 1925 Figure 4G, HMaterial examined. COLOMBIA: Caquetá • 3 workers; Florencia; 01°30′4″N, 075°39′42″W; alt. 280 m; Sep.2017; UNAB members leg.; UNAB 4737. Identification. Frontal lobes in frontalview subquadrate, each posterior margin straight and inclined, anterolateral margins convex; posterior cephalic profile rounded; eyes with a maximum of 10 ommatidia along the shortest axis; and postpetiole with posteroventral process relatively big and usually dentiform (Lattke 1997). Distribution. Previous Colombian records are from Valle del Cauca, thus this new record from Caquetá ex- pands the distribution of this species from the Andes into the Amazon region (Fig. 1A). Besides Colombia, Apterostigma peruvianum is also present in Bolivia, Ec- uador, Peru, and Venezuela (Kempf 1972; Lattke 1997; Fernández and Sendoya 2004).
description: Published as part of Mera-Rodríguez, Daniela, Serna, Francisco, Sosa-Calvo, Jeffrey, Lattke, John & Rabeling, Christian, 2020, A checklist of the non-leaf-cutting fungus-growing ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) from Colombia, with new biogeographic records, pp. 1205-1227 in Check List 16 (5) on pages 1212-1213, DOI: 10.15560/16.5.1205, http://zenodo.org/record/4059086
description: {"references": ["Wheeler WM (1925) Neotropical ants in the collections of the Royal Museum of Stockholm. Part I. Arkiv for zoologi 17 A (8): 1 - 55.", "Lattke JE (1997) Revision del genero Apterostigma Mayr: (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Arquivos de Zoologia 34 (5): 121 - 221. https: // doi. org / 10.11606 / issn. 2176 - 7793. v 34 i 5 p 121 - 221", "Kempf WW (1972) Catalogo abreviado das formigas da regiao neotro- pical (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Studia Entomologica 15: 1 - 344.", "Fernandez F, Sendoya S (2004) Synonymic list of Neotropical ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Biota Colombiana 5 (1): 3 - 105."]}
Mirrors for slow neutrons from holographic nanoparticle-polymer free-standing film-gratings
Creators: name: Klepp, J.
name: Pruner, C.
name: Tomita, Y.
name: Mitsube, K.
name: Geltenbort, P.
name: Fally, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on successful tests of holographically arranged grating-structures in nanoparticle-polymer composites in the form of 100 microns thin free-standing films, i.e. without sample containers or covers that could cause unwanted absorption/incoherent scattering of very-cold neutrons. Despite their large diameter of 2 cm, the flexible materials are of high optical quality and yield mirror-like reflectivity of about 90% for neutrons of 4.1 nm wavelength.
Cost Function Error in Asynchronous Parallel Simulated Annealing Algorithms
Creators: name: Durand, M. D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: Reducing synchronization constraints in parallel simulated annealing algorithms can improve performance. However, this introduces error in the global cost function. Previous work in parallel simulated annealing suggests that if the amount of error in the cost function is controlled, good quality results can still be obtained. In this paper, we present a model of error in asynchronous parallel simulated annealing algorithms to partition graphs and use it to predict the behavior of three different synchronization strategies. These three approaches were implemented on a 20-processor Encore, a shared memory, MIMD multiprocessor, and tested on a variety of graphs. As predicted, the strategy which allows controlled error yields solutions comparable to those of the serial algorithm with greatly improved running time. Speedups from 5 to 11 (depending on the density of the graphs) using 16 processors were obtained. In contrast, the more synchronized version exhibited unacceptably high running times, whereas the version characterized by uncontrolled error yielded significantly poorer results. This confirms behavior seen in parallel simulated annealing algorithms to perform placement in VLSI circuit layout systems.
A Metalinguistic Approach to Process Enactment Extensibility
Creators: name: Kaiser, Gail E.
name: Ben-Shaul, Israel Z.
name: Popovich, Steven S.
name: Dossick, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a model for developing rule-based process servers with extensible syntax and semantics. New process enactment directives can be added to the syntax of the process modeling language, in which the process designer may specify specialized behavior for particular tasks or task segments. The process engine is peppered with callbacks to instance-specific code in order to implement any new directives and to modify the default enactment behavior and the kind of assistance that the process-centered environment provides to process participants. We realized our model in the Amber process server, and describe how we exploited Amber's extensibility to replace Oz's native process engine with Amber and to integrate the result with a mockup of TeamWare.
Colorado water, July/August 2012
Creators: name: Middleton, Lindsey A.
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the state's research universities.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University. Theme: Groundwater.
Fast Joins Using Join Indices
Creators: name: Li, Zhe
name: Ross, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: Two new algorithms, "Jive-join'" and "Slam-join," are proposed for computing the join of two relations using a join index. The algorithms are duals: Jive-join range-partitions input relation tuple-ids then processes each partition, while Slam-join forms ordered runs of input relation tuple-ids and then merges the results. Each algorithm has features that make it preferable to the other depending on the context in which it is being used. Both algorithms make a single sequential pass through each input relation, in addition to one pass through the join index and two passes through a temporary file whose size is half that of the join index. Both algorithms perform this efficiently even when the relations are much larger than main memory, as long as the number of blocks in main memory is of the order of the square root of the number of blocks in the smaller relation. By storing intermediate and final join results in a vertically partitioned fashion, our algorithms need to manipulate less data in memory at a given time than other algorithms. Almost all the I/O of our algorithms is sequential, thus minimizing the impact of seek and rotational latency. The algorithms are resistant to data skew and adaptive to memory fluctuations. They can be extended to handle joins of multiple relations by using multidimensional partitioning while still making only a single pass over each input relation. They can also be extended to handle joins of relations that do not satisfy the memory bound by recursively applying the algorithms. We also show how selection conditions can be incorporated into the algorithms. Using a detailed cost model, the algorithms are analyzed and compared with competing algorithms. For large input relations, our algorithms perform significantly better than Valduriez's algorithm and hash join algorithms. An experimental study is also conducted to validate the analytical results and to demonstrate the performance characteristics of each algorithm in practice.
QPSK coherent state discrimination via a hybrid receiver
Creators: name: Müller, Christian R.
name: Usuga, Mario A.
name: Wittmann, Christoffer
name: Takeoka, Masahiro
name: Marquardt, Christoph
name: Andersen, Ulrik L.
name: Leuchs, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and experimentally demonstrate a near-optimal discrimination scheme for the quadrature phase shift keying protocol (QPSK). We show in theory that the performance of our hybrid scheme is superior to the standard scheme - heterodyne detection - for all signal amplitudes and underpin the predictions with our experimental results. Furthermore, our scheme provides the hitherto best performance in the domain of highly attenuated signals. The discrimination is composed of a quadrature measurement, a conditional displacement and a threshold detector.
Additional file 8 of Transcriptome analyses revealed the ultraviolet B irradiation and phytohormone gibberellins coordinately promoted the accumulation of artemisinin in Artemisia annua L.
Creators: name: Ma, Tingyu
name: Gao, Han
name: Zhang, Dong
name: Shi, Yuhua
name: Zhang, Tianyuan
name: Shen, Xiaofeng
name: Wu, Lan
name: Xiang, Li
name: Chen, Shilin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8: Figure S4. GO enrichment analysis of the co-expressed gene modules. (A) GO enrichment analysis of green module. (B) GO enrichment analysis of turquoise module. (C) GO enrichment analysis of grey module.
Architectures for Federation of Process-Centered Environments
Creators: name: Ben-Shaul, Israel Z.
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1996
Subjects: Computer science

description: We describe two models for federating process-centered environments, homogeneous federation where the interoperability is among distinct process models enacted by different copies of the same system and heterogeneous federation with interoperability among distinct process enactment systems. We identify the requirements and possible architectures for each model. The bulk of the paper presents the specific architecture and infrastructure for homogeneous federation we realized in the Oz system. We briefly consider how Oz might be integrated into a heterogeneous federation to serve as one of its interoperating PCEs.
Inductive Learning with BCT
Creators: name: Chan, Philip K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1989
Subjects: Computer science

description: BCT (Binary Classification Tree) is a system that learns from examples and represents learned concepts as a binary polythetic decision tree. Polythetic trees differ from monothetic decision trees in that a logical combination of multiple (versus a single) attribute values may label each tree arc. Statistical evaluations are used to recursively partition the concept space in two and expand the tree. As with standard decision trees, leaves denote classifications. Classes are predicted for unseen instances by traversing appropriate branches in the tree to the leaves. Empirical results demonstrated that BCT is generally more accurate or comparable to two earlier systems.
Pseudospin symmetry in the relativistic Killingbeck potential: quasi-exact solution
Creators: name: Hamzavi, Majid
name: Ikhdair, Sameer M.
name: Thylwe, Karl-Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Killingbeck potential consisting of the harmonic oscillator-plus-Cornell potential, is of great interest in high energy physics. The solution of Dirac equation with the Killingbeck potential is studied in the presence of the pseudospin (p-spin) symmetry within the context of the quasi-exact solutions. Two special cases of the harmonic oscillator and Coulomb potential are also discussed.
description: 10 pages, to appear in Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung (2012)