cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Affective Contributions to Instrumental and Reactive Aggression: Variable- and Person-Centered Approaches
Creators: name: Shields, Allison
name: Tackett, Jennifer
name: Reardon, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Personality and Social Contexts
subject: Developmental Psychology
subject: Quantitative Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The purpose of this study is to expand understanding of state and trait affective components underlying instrumental and reactive aggression in children at both the variable level and within individual children.
Quantum spin ice on the breathing pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Savary, Lucile
name: Wang, Xiaoqun
name: Kee, Hae-Young
name: Kim, Yong Baek
name: Yu, Yue
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulombic quantum spin liquid in quantum spin ice is an exotic quantum phase of matter that emerges on the pyrochlore lattice and is currently actively searched for. Motivated by recent experiments on the Yb-based breathing pyrochlore material Ba$_3$Yb$_2$Zn$_5$O$_{11}$, we theoretically study the phase diagram and magnetic properties of the relevant spin model. The latter takes the form of a quantum spin ice Hamiltonian on a breathing pyrochlore lattice, and we analyze the stability of the quantum spin liquid phase in the absence of the inversion symmetry which the lattice breaks explicitly at lattice sites. Using a gauge mean-field approach, we show that the quantum spin liquid occupies a finite region in parameter space. Moreover, there exists a direct quantum phase transition between the quantum spin liquid phase and featureless paramagnets, even though none of theses phases break any symmetry. At nonzero temperature, we show that breathing pyrochlores provide a much broader finite temperature spin liquid regime than their regular counterparts. We discuss the implications of the results for current experiments and make predictions for future experiments on breathing pyrochlores.
description: Published. Update the author list. 10 pages, 3 figures
title: Myo-inositol/Creatine ratio in the differentiation of brain astrocytomas grade II and grade III
Creators: name: Vasić, Brankica
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CNS

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the diagnostic accuracy of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (HMRS) in differentiating between the grade II and III of brain astrocytomas using Myo-inositol/Creatine (MI/Cr) ratio. Proton magnetic spectroscopy as a non-invasive...
title: Imaging outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism (HPTH): Experience from a district general hospital
Creators: name: Kulanthaivelu, Roshini
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Nuclear medicine conventional
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Nuclear medicine

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Primary Hyperparathyroidism (HPTH) is a common endocrine disorder affecting upto 0.3% of the population 1 . 80-85% of HPTH is caused by a solitary or multiple parathyroid adenomas, 10-15% parathyroid hyperplasia and <1% parathyroid cancer 1...
Assessment of SAPRC07 with Updated Isoprene Oxidation Chemistry against Outdoor Chamber Experiments
Creators: name: Chen, Yuzhi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Isoprene, the most emitted non-methane hydrocarbon, is known to influence ozone (O3) formation in urban areas rich with biogenic emissions. To keep up with the recent advance on isoprene oxidation chemistry including the identification of isoprene epoxydiols (IEPOX) as a precursor to secondary organic aerosol (SOA), Xie et al. (2013) updated the SAPRC (Statewide Air Pollution Research Center)-07 chemical mechanism. It is currently unknown how the Xie modification of SAPRC07T impacts the ability of the model to predict O3. In this project we will evaluate the Xie mechanism with simulations of 24 isoprene experiments from the UNC gas-phase chamber. Our results suggest that the new mechanism increases NOX (nitrogen oxides) inter-conversion and produces more O3 than SAPRC07 for all experiments. In lower NOX experiments, the new mechanism worsens O3 performance towards the wrong direction, increasing bias from 8.9% to 15.8%. We found increased NOX recycling from NOZ (oxidized NO2) accounts for that. These results underline the importance of further studies on characterizing the NOX recycling rate from isoprene nitrates.
title: Cortical reorganization of pain-processing in patients with chronic pelvic pain syndrome – a combined VBM and ASL study
Creators: name: Weisstanner, Christian
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CPPS) impairs the life of millions of people worldwide and is a serious economic burden for every health care system [1]. Many CPPS patients are refractory and therapies aiming at a modulation of central pain processing...
Heavy Higgs Coupled to Vector-like Quarks: Strong CP Problem and Search Prospects at the 14 TeV LHC
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Camargo, D. A.
name: Dias, Alex G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a solution to the strong CP problem we propose a model where a new heavy neutral CP-even Higgs boson couples to vector-like quarks enhancing its production cross section whose dominant decays are into weak bosons. The masses of the vector-like quarks are generated through interactions with a singlet scalar field charged under a broken global $U(1)$ symmetry providing a solution to the strong CP problem by means of the Peccei-Quinn mechanism. The diboson excess observed by the ATLAS Collaboration is discussed as the new heavy Higgs boson is a candidate to explain a possible signal in this channel. We also show that the 14 TeV LHC is capable of discovering this heavy Higgs with masses up to 1 TeV in the $H\to ZZ\to \ell^+\ell^-\ell^{\prime +}\ell^{\prime -}$ search channel using boosted decision trees to better discriminate between signals and backgrounds and to tame systematic uncertainties in the background rates.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, just a correction in Table I
Exploring Ethical Challenges Faced During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Malaysia
Creators: name: Nungsari, Melati
name: Chuah, Hui
name: Fong, Nicole
name: Pillai, Veena
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emergency and Disaster Management
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Bioethics and Medical Ethics

description: This project was conducted in Malaysia, funded by World Health Organization under Public Health Emergency Preparedness and Response Ethics Network (PHEPREN). Its goal was to understand the impact of COVID-19 on vulnerable groups during the early part of the pandemic, including population on the move (migrants, refugees and asylum seekers), stateless persons and indigenous population).
title: Сortical atrophy features in Parkinson's disease patients with depression
Creators: name: Efimtsev, Alexander
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Dementia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR-Spectroscopy
subject: MR
subject: Neuroradiology brain

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To determine the thickness of the morphometric characteristics of the cerebral cortex in Parkinson's disease complicated by depression and to establish their prognostic...
Relativistic Landau Models and Generation of Fuzzy Spheres
Creators: name: Hasebe, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-commutative geometry naturally emerges in low energy physics of Landau models as a consequence of level projection. In this work, we proactively utilize the level projection as an effective tool to generate fuzzy geometry. The level projection is specifically applied to the relativistic Landau models. In the first half of the paper, a detail analysis of the relativistic Landau problems on a sphere is presented, where a concise expression of the Dirac-Landau operator eigenstates is obtained based on algebraic methods. We establish $SU(2)$ "gauge" transformation between the relativistic Landau model and the Pauli-Schrödinger non-relativistic quantum mechanics. After the $SU(2)$ transformation, the Dirac operator and the angular momentum operastors are found to satisfy the $SO(3,1)$ algebra. In the second half, the fuzzy geometries generated from the relativistic Landau levels are elucidated, where unique properties of the relativistic fuzzy geometries are clarified. We consider mass deformation of the relativistic Landau models and demonstrate its geometrical effects to fuzzy geometry. Super fuzzy geometry is also constructed from a supersymmetric quantum mechanics as the square of the Dirac-Landau operator. Finally, we apply the level projection method to real graphene system to generate valley fuzzy spheres.
description: 1+56 pages, 13 figures, typos corrected, more explanations about the edth operators added, Appendix B and D expanded
Factors Affecting the Stability of Particles in Natural Waters and Their Susceptibility to Ozone-Induced Microflocculation Experimental/Modeling
Creators: name: Dowbiggin, William B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1986

description: Experiments with alum under adsorption—charge neutralization destabi1ization conditions (pH=6.0) were conducted to investigate ozone trends under water treatment conditions. The objectives of this research are as follow: • Quantify the effect of various levels of humic material on the stability of alumina particles at pH=7.5. This extends the work of Felix—Filho (1985) and tests the hypothesis of Davis (1980) that under conditions typical of natural waters, only small amounts of dissolved organic carbon adsorb to suspended particles, yet this organic material may significantly influence surface properties of particles, such as surface charge and colloidal stability. • Evaluate the effect of Ca2+ on the stability of alumina particles equilibrated with solutions of calcium and humic material. This extends the work of Ali et al (1984), who demonstrated that higher levels of calcium in lakes may result in increased rates of particle aggregation. • Test the effect of calcium and humic material on the susceptibility of alumina particles to ozone-induced microflocculation. This extends the work of Felix-Filho (1985) and provides for the laboratory testing of an apparent trend in the literature of raw waters of higher calcium hardness demonstrating a higher susceptibility to ozone—induced microflocculation. • Measure the electrophoretic mobility (EPM) of all suspensions to allow a comparison of this surrogate measure of particle stability to rigorous measurements of changes in the particle size distribution with time. • Test a mathematical model for particle aggregation using the Smoluchowski equation. Test the ability of this model to describe particle aggregation for varied solution chemistries representative of natural waters.
Support Needs of Family Caregivers of Patients Receiving End of Life Care: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Fasola, Cynthia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Arts and Humanities
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: end of life care
subject: family caregivers
subject: palliative care
subject: support

description: Family members and friends play an important role in supporting their loved one at the end of life. Hospices and end-of-life care services have expressed commitments to provide support to both patients and family members. To pick the right support options for the family carer, it is important that we understand their needs while caring for their dying loved ones. A lot of research over the years has addressed different parts of a family caregivers needs. However, many of these studies have primarily focused on support needs in cancer or neurology care. There are no studies that bring together expert knowledge on a family carer’s support needs while caring for an adult loved one at the end of life. This scoping review will address this by carrying out a thorough search of reports on the support needs of family caregivers during end-of-life care. This review will also include a consultation exercise with clinical staff in West Kent and East Sussex region who have recently or are currently providing support to a family member caring for a loved one at the end of life. This will add more weight to the findings and depth to topics that need more information.
Evidence for temporary and local transition of sp2 graphite-type to sp3 diamond-type bonding induced by the tip of an atomic force microscope
Creators: name: Hofmann, Thomas P.
name: Ren, Xinguo
name: Weymouth, Alfred J.
name: Meuer, Daniel
name: Liebig, Alexander
name: Donarini, Andrea
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: atomic force microscopy, graphene, diamond, precision measurement
subject: 530 Physik

description: Artificial diamond is created by exposing graphite to pressures on the order of 10\,GPa and temperatures of about 2000\,K. Here, we provide evidence that the pressure exerted by the tip of an atomic force microscope onto graphene over the carbon buffer layer of silicon carbide can lead to a temporary transition of graphite to diamond on the atomic scale. We perform atomic force microscopy with CO terminated tips and copper oxide (CuOx) tips to image graphene and to induce the structural transition. A local transition induced by the force of the tip is accompanied by local rehybridization from an sp$^2$-bonded to an sp$^3$-bonded local structure. Density functional theory (DFT) predicts that a repulsive threshold of $\approx13$\,nN, followed by a force reduction by $\approx4$\,nN is overcome when inducing the graphite-diamond transition. The experimental observation of the third harmonic with a magnitude of about 200\,fm fits well to overcoming a force barrier of $F_{barrier}\approx 5$\,nN, followed by a force reduction by $-F_{barrier}$ and an upswing by $F_{barrier}$ for decreasing distances. Experimental evidence for this transition is provided by the emergence of third harmonics in the cantilever oscillation when the laterally flexible CO terminated tip exerts a large repulsive force. Probing the sample with rigid CuOx tips in the strong repulisive regime shows a strong difference in the yielding of the A versus B sites to the pressure of the tip. The large repulsive overall force of $\approx 10$\,nN is only compatible with the experimental data if one assumes that the repulsive force acting on the tip when inducing the transition is compensated by a heavily increased van-der-Waals attraction of the tip due to form fitting of tip and sample by local indentation. The experiment also shows that atomic force microscopy allows to perform high pressure physics on the atomic scale.
Using Batch Studies to Optimize On-site Wastewater Treatment Systems for Removing Emerging Contaminants
Creators: name: McCall, Charles
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Decentralized or "on-site" wastewater treatment systems offer a number of advantages over conventional centralized systems, including reduced capital costs, adaptability, and ease of implementation for water reuse. While the ability of these systems to remove traditional wastewater constituents is well known, their ability to address contaminants of emerging environmental and public health concern, such as pharmaceuticals and personal care products, is less established. This report explores the effects of various design and operating parameters on emerging contaminant removal, with a focus on the use of batch studies to identify which removal mechanisms are most relevant. The results of an initial batch study, using wastewater from the Jordan Lake Business Park (Apex, NC), suggest that mixed media consisting of gravel, Stalite, and sand were more effective than sand alone at removing five selected contaminants from the bulk solution.
Diameter Bound for Finite Simple Groups of Large Rank
Creators: name: Biswas, Arindam
name: Yang, Yilong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a non-abelian finite simple group $G$ of Lie type, and an arbitrary generating set $S$, it is conjectured by Laszlo Babai that its Cayley graph $Γ(G,S)$ will have a diameter of $(\log |G|)^{O(1)}$. However, little progress has been made when the rank of $G$ is large. In this article, we shall show that if $G$ has rank $n$, and its base field has order $q$, then the diameter of $Γ(G,S)$ would be $q^{O(n(\log n + \log q)^3)}$.
description: Referee's comments incorporated
title: Quantification of the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) in posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) in patients with systemic lupus eritematosus (SLE).
Creators: name: Pinales Razo, Ricardo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Connective tissue disorders
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The first complete description of posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES) was made in 1996, in reference to a clinical-radiological entity of acute of subacute presentation that presents with headache, vomiting, confusion, mental status...
Christoffel transformations for matrix orthogonal polynomials in the real line and the non-Abelian 2D Toda lattice hierarchy
Creators: name: Álvarez-Fernández, Carlos
name: Ariznabarreta, Gerardo
name: García-Ardila, Juan Carlos
name: Mañas, Manuel
name: Marcellán, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 42C05, 15A23

description: Given a matrix polynomial $W(x)$, matrix bi-orthogonal polynomials with respect to the sesquilinear form $\langle P(x),Q(x)\rangle_W=\int P(x) W(x)\operatorname{d}μ(x)(Q(x))^{\top}$, $P(x),Q(x)\in\mathbb R^{p\times p}[x]$, where $μ(x)$ is a matrix of Borel measures supported in some infinite subset of the real line, are considered. Connection formulas between the sequences of matrix bi-orthogonal polynomials with respect to $\langle \cdot,\cdot\rangle_W$ and matrix polynomials orthogonal with respect to $μ(x)$ are presented. In particular, for the case of nonsingular leading coefficients of the perturbation matrix polynomial $W(x)$ we present a generalization of the Christoffel formula constructed in terms of the Jordan chains of $W(x)$. For perturbations with a singular leading coefficient several examples by Durán et al are revisited. Finally, we extend these results to the non-Abelian 2D Toda lattice hierarchy.
description: in International Mathematics Research Notices, May 23, 2016
Survey instrument for projects "The Comparative Legitimacy of Arms Exports" and "Ordering effects vs. cognitive burden - How should we structure attributes in conjoint experiments?"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Lukas
name: Thurner, Paul
name: Freitag, Markus
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: arms trade
subject: foreign policy
subject: France
subject: Germany
subject: preferences
subject: public opinion
subject: survey experiment

description: This master questionnaire is an Appendix to the pre-registrations Rudolph, L., Thurner, P., & Freitag, M. (2020, November 17). The Comparative Legitimacy of Arms Exports. Retrieved from osf.io/fzk52 and Rudolph, L., Thurner, P., & Freitag, M. (2020, November 17). Ordering effects vs. cognitive burden - How should we structure attributes in conjoint experiments?. Retrieved from osf.io/k4fbd
Inactivation of Surrogate Coronaviruses on Hard Surfaces by Healthcare Germicides
Creators: name: Hulkower, Rachel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) was identified as the cause of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) following the worldwide 2003 outbreak. The spread of SARS in healthcare settings and the presence of SARS CoV nucleic acids on hospital surfaces in outbreak settings suggest that surfaces could potentially play a role in the spread of SARS in healthcare environments. Disinfection of hospital surfaces may interrupt virus transmission, but there are little data on the effectiveness of germicides commonly used in healthcare against corona viruses on surfaces. The goal of this research was to test the efficacy of six standard healthcare germicides for inactivation of surrogate corona viruses on environmental surfaces. The germicides tested were (1) Steris Vesphene® IIse Non-sterile Disinfectant Cleaner (9.09% o-phenylphenol, 7.66% p-tertiary amylphenol), (2) 70% ethanol, (3) chlorine bleach (6.0% sodium hypochlorite), (4) Cidex® OPA (ortho-phthalaldehyde), (5) Purell® Instant Hand Sanitizer (62% ethanol), (6) Clorox® Anywhere Hand Sanitizing Spray (71% ethanol). These were tested for virucidal activity against two surrogate coronaviruses, Mouse Hepatitis Virus (MHV) and Transmissible Gastroenteritis Virus (TGEV). MHV and TGEV were dried onto stainless steel surfaces, exposed to a germicide at its use dilution for one-minute contact time, and assayed for infectivity in cell culture. For TGEV, log[10] infectivity reductions were: 70% ethanol=3.2; phenolic=2.0; Cidex OPA=2.3; 1:100 chlorine bleach=0.35; 62% ethanol=4.0; and 71% ethanol=3.5. For MHV, they were: 70% ethanol=3.9; phenolic,=1.3; Cidex OPA=1.7; 1:100 chlorine bleach=0.62; 62% ethanol=2.7; and 71% ethanol=2.0. Of the healthcare germicides tested, only the ethanol effectively reduced infectivity of the two coronaviruses by >3 log[10] after an exposure time of one minute. Cidex OPA was somewhat effective, with >2 log[10] reduction, and 1:100 chlorine bleach was ineffective, with <1 log[10] reduction. MHV and TGEV were reduced to a similar extent (within 0.5 log[10]) by the germicide tested. The results of this study suggest the need for care in choosing effective germicides against viruses like SARS CoV.
title: Clinical-radiological correlation in patients with ischemic stroke in the Emergency Hospital in the Western Amazon
Creators: name: Santos, Alair Augusto
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Observer performance
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The ischemic stroke is one of the major causes of death worldwide, with high prevalence in Brazil. In Brazil, there are little data on ischemic stroke in the Amazon region. This study aims to correlate the major risk factors for ischemic stroke with...
Additional file 2 of HBeeID: a molecular tool that identifies honey bee subspecies from different geographic populations
Creators: name: Donthu, Ravikiran
name: Marcelino, Jose A. P.
name: Giordano, Rosanna
name: Tao, Yudong
name: Weber, Everett
name: Avalos, Arian
name: Band, Mark
name: Akraiko, Tatsiana
name: Chen, Shu-Ching
name: Reyes, Maria P.
name: Hao, Haiping
name: Ortiz-Alvarado, Yarira
name: Cuff, Charles A.
name: Claudio, Eddie Pérez
name: Soto-Adames, Felipe
name: Smith-Pardo, Allan H.
name: Meikle, William G.
name: Evans, Jay D.
name: Giray, Tugrul
name: Abdelkader, Faten B.
name: Allsopp, Mike
name: Ball, Daniel
name: Morgado, Susana B.
name: Barjadze, Shalva
name: Correa-Benitez, Adriana
name: Chakir, Amina
name: Báez, David R.
name: Chavez, Nabor H. M.
name: Dalmon, Anne
name: Douglas, Adrian B.
name: Fraccica, Carmen
name: Fernández-Marín, Hermógenes
name: Galindo-Cardona, Alberto
name: Guzman-Novoa, Ernesto
name: Horsburgh, Robert
name: Kence, Meral
name: Kilonzo, Joseph
name: Kükrer, Mert
name: Le Conte, Yves
name: Mazzeo, Gaetana
name: Mota, Fernando
name: Muli, Elliud
name: Oskay, Devrim
name: Ruiz-Martínez, José A.
name: Oliveri, Eugenia
name: Pichkhaia, Igor
name: Romane, Abderrahmane
name: Sanchez, Cesar Guillen
name: Sikombwa, Evans
name: Satta, Alberto
name: Scannapieco, Alejandra A.
name: Stanford, Brandi
name: Soroker, Victoria
name: Velarde, Rodrigo A.
name: Vercelli, Monica
name: Huang, Zachary
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary Methods 1.
title: Differential diagnosis of malignant glioma recurrence and tumor pseudo-progression by magnetic resonance perfusion and diffusion imaging
Creators: name: Merkla, Natalija
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: MR physics
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Neoplasia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Today, MR imaging is a key modality not only for lesion diagnosis, but also to evaluate the extension, type and grade of the tumor. Furthermore, advanced MR imaging techniques such as dynamic contrast-enhanced perfusion MR imaging and diffusion...
title: Bundesweite Inzidenztrends diagnostizierter Herzerkrankungen in den Jahren 2013 bis 2021
Creators: name: Holstiege, Jakob
name: Dammertz, Lotte
name: Kohring, Claudia
name: Heuer, Joachim
name: Akmatov, Manas K.
name: Bätzing, Jörg
Publisher: name: Zentralinstitut für die kassenärztliche Versorgung in Deutschland (Zi)
Year: 2023

description: Hintergrund:
Für Deutschland besteht ein Mangel an aktuellen Informationen zur Entwicklung des Erkrankungs-risikos kardialer Erkrankungen in der Bevölkerung. Ziel war die Deskription bundesweiter Trends der Inzidenz diagnostizierter Herzerkrankungen und des kardiovaskulären Risikofaktors Hypertonie in den Jahren 2013 bis 2021.
Methoden:
Die Datengrundlage bildeten bundesweite pseudonymisierte, krankenkassenübergreifende ver-tragsärztliche Abrechnungsdaten gemäß § 295 SGB V. Die Erfassung des Neuauftretens von 10 kar-dialen Erkrankungsgruppen und des Risikofaktors Hypertonie erfolgte pro Jahr im Zeitraum 2013 bis 2021 in Kohorten von vertragsärztlichen Patienten, die in einem Mindestzeitraum von vier konse-kutiven Jahren beobachtbar waren. Das Neuauftreten einer Erkrankungsgruppe wurde angenom-men, wenn eine Diagnose erstmalig nach einem diagnosefreien Vorbeobachtungszeitraum von drei Jahren in einem Quartal des Berichtsjahres vetragsärztlich kodiert wurde. Die jährliche kumula-tive Inzidenz wurde pro Erkrankungsgruppe bezogen auf 1.000 Versicherte unter Risiko bzw. ohne einschlägige Diagnose im Vorbeobachtungszeitraum bestimmt.
Ergebnisse:
Die kumulative Inzidenz im Jahr 2021 variierte zwischen 0,13 (akutes rheumatisches Fieber) und 30,6 Neuerkrankungen (Hypertonie) pro 1.000 Personen. Über den Studienverlauf zeigte die alters- und geschlechtsstandardisierte Inzidenz pro Erkrankungsgruppe mehrheitlich einen schrittweisen Rückgang. Die stärkste relative Reduktion zwischen 2013 (0,20 Neuerkrankungen pro 1.000 Perso-nen) und 2021 (0,13/1.000) wurde für akutes rheumatisches Fieber (−32 %) beobachtet, gefolgt von der koronaren Herzerkrankung (KHK, Inzidenz in 2013: 12,71/1.000, 2021: 9,52/1.000) und Herzinsuf-fizienz (2013: 10,49/1.000, 2021: 8,09/1.000) mit relativen Reduktionen von −25 % bzw. −23 %. Nur die Erkrankungsgruppe Perikarditis zeigte im Jahr 2021 (0,44/1.000) eine gegenüber 2013 (0,41/1.000) erhöhte Inzidenz.
Schlussfolgerung:
Erstmalig wurden für Deutschland aktuelle Trends der Diagnoseinzidenz für ein breites Spektrum an Herzerkrankungen über einen Zeitraum von neun Jahren bereitgestellt. Für die Mehrheit der Erkrankungsgruppen wurde ein Rückgang des Risikos für eine neudiagnostizierte Erkrankung beo-bachtet. Nach der seltenen Erkrankungsruppe  akutes rheumatisches Fieber wurden mit KHK und Herzinsuffizienz die stärksten Abnahmen für zwei Erkrankungsgruppen mit großer Bedeutung für die Bevölkerungsgesundheit beobachtet.

Schlagwörter:
Abrechnungsdaten, Diagnoseinzidenz, Herzerkrankungen, Herzinsuffizienz, Hypertonie, Inzidenz, KHK, koronare Herzerkrankung
Collagen inhibits phagocytosis of amyloid in vitro and in vivo and may act as a ‘don’t eat me’ signal
Creators: name: Jackson, Joseph W.
name: Foster, James S.
name: Martin, Emily B.
name: Macy, Sallie
name: Wooliver, Craig
name: Balachandran, Manasi
name: Richey, Tina
name: Heidel, R. Eric
name: Williams, Angela D.
name: Kennel, Stephen J.
name: Wall, Jonathan S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: Systemic amyloidosis refers to a group of protein misfolding disorders characterized by the extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils in organs and tissues. For reasons heretofore unknown, amyloid deposits are not recognized by the immune system, and progressive deposition leads to organ dysfunction. In vitro and in vivo phagocytosis assays were performed to elucidate the impact of collagen and other amyloid associated proteins (eg serum amyloid p component and apolipoprotein E) had on amyloid phagocytosis. Immunohistochemical and histopathological staining regimens were employed to analyze collagen-amyloid interactions and immune responses. Histological analysis of amyloid-laden tissue indicated that collagen is intimately associated with amyloid deposits. We report that collagen inhibits phagocytosis of amyloid fibrils by macrophages. Treatment of 15 patient-derived amyloid extracts with collagenase significantly enhanced amyloid phagocytosis. Preclinical mouse studies indicated that collagenase treatment of amyloid extracts significantly enhanced clearance as compared to controls, coincident with increased immune cell infiltration of the subcutaneous amyloid lesion. These data suggest that amyloid-associated collagen serves as a ‘don’t eat me’ signal, thereby hindering clearance of amyloid. Targeted degradation of amyloid-associated collagen could result in innate immune cell recognition and clearance of pathologic amyloid deposits.
Verifiable Associated Processes from Radiative Lepton Masses with Dark Matter
Creators: name: Fraser, Sean
name: Ma, Ernest
name: Zakeri, Mohammadreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If leptons do not couple directly to the one Higgs doublet of the standard model of particle interactions, they must still do so somehow indirectly to acquire mass, as proposed recently in several models where it happens in one loop through dark matter. We analyze the important consequences of this scenario in a specific model, including Higgs decay, muon anomalous magnetic moment, $μ\to e γ$, $μ\to eee$, and the proposed dark sector.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Discussion of rare lepton decays expanded. Details about dark matter added to match the published PRD version
title: FDG-18 PET/CT - radiation dose and dose-reduction strategy
Creators: name: Nicholson, Patrick
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radiation physics
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: PET-CT
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Radiation safety
subject: Dosimetric comparison

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The introduction of FDG-18 PET-CT into routine clinical practice has had a dramatic effect on both treatment plans and clinical outcomes worldwide. With the range of indications for PET-CT scanning expanding year-on-year, a common clinical question...
Influence of SUVA on the Removal of TOC and TOX Precursors by Enhanced Coagulation: Laboratory Studies and ICR Analysis
Creators: name: Archer, Aaron D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: The objective of this research was to examine relationships between specific ultraviolet absorbance (SUVA) and the amenability of water to organics removal by enhanced coagulation, and to demonstrate that the extent of removal of total organic carbon (TOC), ultraviolet (UV) absorbing organics, and disinfection by-product (DBP) precursors is a function of the raw water SUVA value. Enhanced coagulation is considered to be the Best Available Technology for the removal of DBP precursors. Enhanced coagulation is also mandated by the Stage 1 Disinfectants/Disinfection By-Products Rule, whereby specific TOC removal requirements are prescribed for the control of unidentified halogenated DBPs of potential public health concern. Theory and previous studies suggest that SUVA (defined as UV254 normalized with respect to dissolved organic carbon) is a useful indicator of the characteristics of dissolved organic matter in relation to its amenability to removal by coagulation and its reactivity with chlorine. Data collected and assimilated under the Information Collection Rule, the largest nationwide water quality survey ever conducted, were analyzed to investigate the association between raw water SUVA values and the removal of organics by utilities when grouped with respect to their position in the Enhanced Coagulation matrix. Thereafter, twenty-seven waters were collected from different utilities across the U.S. for laboratory analysis and experimentation to verify and expand on the findings from the Information Collection Rule database analysis. Three waters were obtained for each element of the 3x3 enhanced coagulation matrix. Jar tests were performed on each of the waters to determine the requisite alum dose for TOC removal in accordance with the enhanced coagulation Guidance Manual. Each of the waters was then treated with the requisite alum dose and subsequently chlorinated under uniform formation conditions, along with the corresponding raw water, to examine the impact of source water quality and enhanced coagulation on the reduction in total organic halide (TOX) formation potential of the water.
POVAT
Creators: name: Puechbroussou, Benjamin
name: Pavani, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Memory Depression

description: This is a post-registration of a study whose participants were recruited from 09/2018 to 12/2019. This is an interventional study conducted to determine the effectiveness of a new memory-based intervention for reducing depression. This is a randomized control study that involves participants with varying levels of depression.
Apolipoprotein A-IV amyloidosis in a cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus)
Creators: name: Masoud, Niki Sedghi
name: Iwaide, Susumu
name: Itoh, Yoshiyuki
name: Hisada, Miki
name: Une, Yumi
name: Murakami, Tomoaki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Apolipoprotein A-IV amyloidosis in a cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus)
Toxicity, Mutagenicity, and Mutational Spectra of Vinyl Chloride, 2-Chloroethylene Oxide and Chloroacetaldehyde in a Human Lymphoblastoid Line Expressing Cytochrome P450IIE1
Creators: name: Weisman, Wade Henderson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Vinyl Chloride Monomer (VCM, CAS #75-01-4) is one of the few chemicals identified as a human carcinogen (IARC, 1979). In this report, the toxicity and mutagenicity of VCM and its two metabolic products, 2-chloroethylene oxide (CEO) and 2-chloroacetaldehyde (CAA) were studied in a human B-lymphoblastoid line containing cloned cytochrome P450IIE1. Cytochrome P450IIE1 is capable of metabolizing VCM to CEO which non-enzymatically rearranges to CAA. Toxicity was determined by plating cells immediately after exposure and comparing their clone-forming ability to that of untreated cells. Mutagenicity at the hprt locus was determined by plating cells in the presence of the selective agent 6-thioguanine. Delivered doses of 25 μM to 400 μM VCM x 24 hours produced no measureable toxicity but resulted in induced mutation frequencies that ranged from 0.5x10[-6] to 5.6x10[-6]. Although increases in mutation frequency were consistently seen, a clear dose-response was not apparent. Dose dependent increases in toxicity and mutagenicity were observed with both CEO and CAA. Treatments of 25 μM CEO x 24 hours resulted in survival of 0.82 and induced mutation frequency of 8x10[-6], while similar treatments with CAA produced a survival of 0.06 and induced mutation frequency of 9x10[-6]. Comparison of mutation frequency/survival ratios for the three compounds at the same induced mutation frequency suggest the majority of mutations induced by VCM must be produced by CEO. Denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to identify unique VCM, CEO, and CAA mutations in exon 3 of the hprt gene. DGGE banding patterns from CAA and CEO isolated mutants were compared to the banding patterns from VCM. 118 VCM mutants analyzed in the low temperature melting domain of exon 3, 8.5% (10 isolates) produced identical DGGE banding patterns; sequencing of the isolated mutant bands revealed a G-T transversion at base pair 292. In the high temperature melting domain, 3.4% (4 of 118 isolates) exhibited identical DGGE bands; sequencing revealed a G→A transition at base pair 197. These sequence changes represent potential VCM mutational "hotspots". The low temperature "hotspot" banding pattern was evident in less than 2% (1 isolate) of the spontaneous mutants in the VCM experiment. However, it was present in 5.6% (11 isolates) of the CEO mutants analyzed.
$π$N and strangeness sigma terms at the physical point with chiral fermions
Creators: name: Yang, Yi-Bo
name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Draper, Terrence
name: Liang, Jian
name: Liu, Keh-Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lattice QCD calculations with chiral fermions of the $π$N sigma term $σ_{πN}$ and strangeness sigma term $σ_{sN}$ including chiral interpolation with continuum and volume corrections are provided in this work, with the excited-state contaminations subtracted properly. We calculate the scalar matrix element for the light/strange quark directly and find $σ_{πN}=45.9(7.4)(2.8)$ MeV, with the disconnected insertion part contributing 20(12)(4)\%, and $σ_{sN}=40.2(11.7)(3.5)$ MeV, which is somewhat smaller than $σ_{πN}$. The ratio of the strange/light scalar matrix elements is $y$ = 0.09(3)(1).
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, expanded version accepted for publication in PRD
Toxicity of Ground Water and Subsurface Sediment Samples Collected at a Site Contaminated with TCE Undergoing In Situ Methanotrophic Bioremediation
Creators: name: McGinnis, Michelle Susanne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: Ground water and subsurface sediment samples collected at a site contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) that was undergoing in situ bioremediation were tested for acute toxicity with a bacterial toxicity assay known as Microtox® (Carlsbad, CA). A representative sample of the ground water collected was tested for genotoxicity with the newly developed bacterial assay known as Mutatox® (Carlsbad, CA). Toxicity is an important endpoint of bioremediation, as the reduction of target compound does not ensure safety to human health and the environment. Often times a more toxic or harmful product will be formed during the breakdown of the target contaminant. Using toxicity as an endpoint of bioremediation will help detect and monitor potential hazards occurring during the bioremediation efforts. Acute toxicity appeared in only two ground water wells (out of 12). The toxicity in one of the wells (mht-7c) appeared only at one time point, while the toxicity in the other wells (mhc-lOc) persisted transiently for about six months. Both of these wells were located at the periphery of the treatment zone. All of the samples that exhibited toxicity had a very high pH (above 10). Genotoxicity was present in the ground water sampled from all of the wells. The compound causing the genotoxicity seemed to be present in the water in an active form as more samples came up positive when tested in the absence of S-9 (rat liver homogenate) than in the presence of S-9. Sediment samples were more toxic in the contaminated zone, depths greater than 100 feet (30.5 meters), than in the uncontaminated zone, depths less than 100 feet (30.5 meters). All of the toxic sediments that exhibited toxicity significantly above the control sediments were clay sediments. It was not possible to determine significant changes in the toxicity over time partially because of the wide confidence intervals of the data. Basically, no changes in toxicity in the sediment samples were seen during the course of the bioremediation.
title: Variation of lumbar and pelvis Agfa exposure index in different radiography equipment’s
Creators: name: Lopes, Rogério
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Radiation safety

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Purpose: In recent years there has been an increased exposure for diagnostic purposes. According to the International Atomic Energy Agency are performed on average about 2500 million annual diagnosis exposures and about 5.5 million therapeutic exposures....
Disorder Operators in Chern-Simons-Fermion Theories
Creators: name: Radicevic, Djordje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on the recent progress in solving Chern-Simons-matter theories in the planar limit, we compute the scaling dimensions of a large class of disorder ("monopole") operators in $U(N)_k$ Chern-Simons-fermion theories at all 't Hooft couplings $λ= N/k$. We find that the lowest-dimension operator of this sort has dimension $\frac23 k^{3/2}$. We comment on the implications of these results to analyzing maps of fermionic disorder operators under 3D bosonization.
description: 22 pages, one figure, v2: added a few comments and references
Hyperspectral Image Recovery via Hybrid Regularization
Creators: name: Arablouei, Reza
name: de Hoog, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural images tend to mostly consist of smooth regions with individual pixels having highly correlated spectra. This information can be exploited to recover hyperspectral images of natural scenes from their incomplete and noisy measurements. To perform the recovery while taking full advantage of the prior knowledge, we formulate a composite cost function containing a square-error data-fitting term and two distinct regularization terms pertaining to spatial and spectral domains. The regularization for the spatial domain is the sum of total-variation of the image frames corresponding to all spectral bands. The regularization for the spectral domain is the l1-norm of the coefficient matrix obtained by applying a suitable sparsifying transform to the spectra of the pixels. We use an accelerated proximal-subgradient method to minimize the formulated cost function. We analyze the performance of the proposed algorithm and prove its convergence. Numerical simulations using real hyperspectral images exhibit that the proposed algorithm offers an excellent recovery performance with a number of measurements that is only a small fraction of the hyperspectral image data size. Simulation results also show that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms an accelerated proximal-gradient algorithm that solves the classical basis-pursuit denoising problem to recover the hyperspectral image.
High-energy waves in superpolynomial FPU-type chains
Creators: name: Herrmann, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider periodic traveling waves in FPU-type chains with superpolynomial interaction forces and derive explicit asymptotic formulas for the high-energy limit as well as bounds for the corresponding approximation error. In the proof we adapt twoscale techniques that have recently been develop by Herrmann and Matthies for chains with singular potential and provide an asymptotic ODE for the scaled distance profile.
description: revised version with minor changes (corrected typos, further references); 22 pages, 4 figures