cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantifying the Complex Adaptive System Metaphor: Generating the Educational Transformation Heuristic
Creators: name: McQuillan, Patrick J.
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: Efforts at educational reform in the U.S. are too often ineffective, in large part because the change process is erroneously assumed to be a predictable, linear matter of technical precision. All educational change involves systems, and systems change is complex. Indeed, schools are complex systems, interconnected networks of interacting elements that constantly change, sometimes intentionally, sometimes unintentionally. To promote robust and equitable outcomes for all, schools and the larger systems of which they are a part need to become complex adaptive systems (CAS), systems that can deftly adjust in humane, inclusive, and thoughtful ways to emerging shifts in priorities, practices, and student populations. In contrast to assumptions that have informed many reform endeavors, the CAS attends to the iterative, recursive, interdependent, and unpredictable nature of educational transformation—processing information from the environment and modifying behavior in response to an ever-changing context. Drawing on the educational transformation heuristic—largely derived from features of the CAS—one can identify interrelationships among a rich cross-section of related features and analyze emerging patterns to gain a broad understanding of the dynamics of change, which should illuminate various issues surrounding educational transformation, including whether any reform is likely to realize its intended objectives. Keywords: complex adaptive systems, opportunity gap, emergence, systems change, educational transformation heuristic
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Total Cuntz semigroup, Extension and Elliott Conjecture with Real rank zero
Creators: name: An, Qingnan
name: Liu, Zhichao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we exhibit two unital, separable, nuclear ${\rm C}^*$-algebras of stable rank one and real rank zero with the same ordered scaled total K-theory, but they are not isomorphic with each other, which forms a counterexample to Elliott Classification Conjecture for real rank zero setting. Thus, we introduce an additional normal condition and give a classification result in terms of total K-theory. For the general setting, with a new invariant -- total Cuntz semigroup \cite{AL}, we classify a large class of ${\rm C}^*$-algebras obtained from extensions. The total Cuntz semigroup, which distinguish the algebras of our counterexample, could possibly classify all the ${\rm C}^*$-algebras of stable rank one and real rank zero.
Guiding the Unknown Traveller in a Land not Fully Known - Helping Users Navigate New and Old Knowledge Organisation Systems
Creators: name: Friberg, Zanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Heritage information
Historical nformation
Knowledge Organisation System
KOS

description: In trying to give broad access to heterogeneous resources, cultural heritage institutions face a mediation challenge due to their KOSs not always being suited to meet expectations on digital services. This study presents mediation strategies used by Swedish heritage institutions to bridge the gap between perceived contemporary information seeking behaviours on the one hand and the constraints of information services based on KOSs with deep historical roots on the other hand.
Thermal Expansion of the Heavy-fermion Superconductor PuCoGa$_{5}$
Creators: name: Eloirdi, R.
name: Giacobbe, C.
name: Celdran, P. Amador
name: Magnani, N.
name: Lander, G. H.
name: Griveau, J. -C.
name: Colineau, E.
name: Miyake, K.
name: Caciuffo, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed high-resolution powder x-ray diffraction measurements on a sample of $^{242}$PuCoGa$_{5}$, the heavy-fermion superconductor with the highest critical temperature $T_{c}$ = 18.7 K. The results show that the tetragonal symmetry of its crystallographic lattice is preserved down to 2 K. Marginal evidence is obtained for an anomalous behaviour below $T_{c}$ of the $a$ and $c$ lattice parameters. The observed thermal expansion is isotropic down to 150 K, and becomes anisotropic for lower temperatures. This gives a $c/a$ ratio that decreases with increasing temperature to become almost constant above $\sim$150 K. The volume thermal expansion coefficient $α_{V}$ has a jump at $T_{c}$, a factor $\sim$20 larger than the change predicted by the Ehrenfest relation for a second order phase transition. The volume expansion deviates from the curve expected for the conventional anharmonic behaviour described by a simple Grüneisen-Einstein model. The observed differences are about ten times larger than the statistical error bars but are too small to be taken as an indication for the proximity of the system to a valence instability that is avoided by the superconducting state.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
BeWith: A Between-Within Method to Discover Relationships between Cancer Modules via Integrated Analysis of Mutual Exclusivity, Co-occurrence and Functional Interactions
Creators: name: Dao, Phuong
name: Kim, Yoo-Ah
name: Wojtowicz, Damian
name: Madan, Sanna
name: Sharan, Roded
name: Przytycka, Teresa M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The analysis of the mutational landscape of cancer, including mutual exclusivity and co-occurrence of mutations, has been instrumental in studying the disease. We hypothesized that exploring the interplay between co-occurrence, mutual exclusivity, and functional interactions between genes will further improve our understanding of the disease and help to uncover new relations between cancer driving genes and pathways. To this end, we designed a general framework, BeWith, for identifying modules with different combinations of mutation and interaction patterns. We focused on three different settings of the BeWith schema: (i) BeME-WithFun in which the relations between modules are enriched with mutual exclusivity while genes within each module are functionally related; (ii) BeME-WithCo which combines mutual exclusivity between modules with co-occurrence within modules; and (iii) BeCo-WithMEFun which ensures co-occurrence between modules while the within module relations combine mutual exclusivity and functional interactions. We formulated the BeWith framework using Integer Linear Programming (ILP), enabling us to find optimally scoring sets of modules. Our results demonstrate the utility of BeWith in providing novel information about mutational patterns, driver genes, and pathways. In particular, BeME-WithFun helped identify functionally coherent modules that might be relevant for cancer progression. In addition to finding previously well-known drivers, the identified modules pointed to the importance of the interaction between NCOR and NCOA3 in breast cancer. Additionally, an application of the BeME-WithCo setting revealed that gene groups differ with respect to their vulnerability to different mutagenic processes, and helped us to uncover pairs of genes with potentially synergetic effects, including a potential synergy between mutations in TP53 and metastasis related DCC gene.
Network Science Approaches to Education Research
Creators: name: Sun, He
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: Abstract In the United States, the Interstate Teacher Assessment Consortium (InTASC) Standards and Education can be generally defined as a process of receiving and providing systematic instruction, and it embodies the verbal and nonverbal networks that the stakeholders (e.g., teachers and students) co-construct. Recent years witness an increasing interest in employing network science approaches to explore the interconnected and non-linear developmental process of education. The current review starts with a brief discussion on the nature of the educational data and proceeds with an introduction to network science history. Relevant network analysis approaches and terminologies are synthesized. Three case studies in Singapore are used to demonstrate how network science approaches can be employed to conceptualize daily educational issues. The findings of the three studies with network science approaches (e.g., motifs detection) may offer educators, researchers, and policymakers novel insights into better pedagogy and strategies for learning face-to-face or online. Keywords: network analysis, dynamic motif detection, teacher-student interaction, peer- interaction online
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
A Lot of Talk and a Badge: An Exploratory Analysis of Personal Achievements in GitHub
Creators: name: Calefato, Fabio
name: Quaranta, Luigi
name: Lanubile, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Context. GitHub has introduced a new gamification element through personal achievements, whereby badges are unlocked and displayed on developers' personal profile pages in recognition of their development activities. Objective. In this paper, we present an exploratory analysis using mixed methods to study the diffusion of personal badges in GitHub, in addition to the effects and reactions to their introduction. Method. First, we conduct an observational study by mining longitudinal data from more than 6,000 developers and performed correlation and regression analysis. Then, we conduct a survey and analyze over 300 GitHub community discussions on the topic of personal badges to gauge how the community responded to the introduction of the new feature. Results. We find that most of the developers sampled own at least a badge, but we also observe an increasing number of users who choose to keep their profile private and opt out of displaying badges. Besides, badges are generally poorly correlated with developers' qualities and dispositions such as timeliness and desire to collaborate. We also find that, except for the Starstruck badge (reflecting the number of followers), their introduction does not have an effect. Finally, the reaction of the community has been in general mixed, as developers find them appealing in principle but without a clear purpose and hardly reflecting their abilities in the current form. Conclusions. We provide recommendations to GitHub platform designers on how to improve the current implementation of personal badges as both a gamification mechanism and as sources of reliable cues of ability for developers' assessment
LA FORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL DESDE LA OBRA DE JOSÉ MARTÍ EN CARRERAS PEDAGÓGICAS CON PERFIL BIOLÓGICO
Creators: name: González-Sivilla, Roeris
name: Méndez Santos, Isidro Eduardo
name: Varela Aristigueta, Matilde Teresa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: formación ambiental
formación ambiental martiana
dimensión ambiental de la obra de José Martí
enfoque etnobiológico en la obra de José Martí
pensamiento ambiental martiano
enfoque ecosófico en la obra de José Martí
enfoque bioético en la obra de José Martí
sensibilidad ambiental martiana
enfoque de sostenibilidad en la obra martiana
visión martiana de la naturaleza
humanismo no antropocentrista martiano

description: La investigación busca satisfacer el problema relacionado con las insuficiencias de la formación del docente en carreras pedagógicas con perfil biológico, que limitan su accionar con relación a la educación ambiental y la promoción de la obra martiana, según las exigencias de la sociedad cubana. Su objetivo es elaborar una estrategia pedagógica, sustentada en un modelo de formación martiano-ambientalista. Como métodos teóricos se emplearon: el análisis histórico y lógico, la inducción y la deducción, la modelación, el método sistémico-estructural-funcional, el análisis y la síntesis. Del nivel empírico se utilizaron: análisis de documentos, la encuesta, la entrevista y la observación, el taller de análisis y reflexión pedagógica, el método Delphy y el pre-experimento. Del nivel estadístico-matemático se utilizó el muestreo intencional, el análisis de estadígrafos y el test de Mc Nemar-Bowker. Los resultados científicos radican en un modelo pedagógico de formación martiano-ambientalista para carreras pedagógicas, de cuya sinergia resulta la dimensión ecosófica martiana del modo de actuación pre-profesional del docente y una estrategia pedagógica como instrumento práctico. El pre-experimento en los grupos Biología-Geografía de ingreso en 2010-2011 y Biología-Química de ingreso 2012-2013, de la Universidad de Camagüey, evidenció la efectividad de la estrategia al favorecer su formación martiano-ambientalista.
Discovery of wide low and very low-mass binary systems using Virtual Observatory tools
Creators: name: Galvez-Ortiz, M. C.
name: Solano, E.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Aberasturi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The frequency of multiple systems and their properties are key constraints of stellar formation and evolution. Formation mechanisms of very low-mass (VLM) objects are still under considerable debate and an accurate assessment of their multiplicity and orbital properties are essential for constraining current theoretical models. Taking advantage of the Virtual Observatory capabilities, we looked for comoving low and VLM binary (or multiple) systems using the Large Area Survey of the UKIDSS LAS DR10, SDSS DR9, and the 2MASS Catalogues. Other catalogues (WISE, GLIMPSE, SuperCosmos ...) were used to derive the physical parameters of the systems. We report the identification of 36 low and VLM (~M0-L0 spectral types) candidates to binary/multiple system (separations between 200 and 92000 AU), whose physical association is confirmed through common proper motion, distance and low probability of chance alignment. This new system list notably increases the previous sampling in their mass-separation parameter space (~100). We have also found 50 low-mass objects that we can classify as ~L0-T2 according to their photometric information. Only one of these objects presents a common proper motion high-mass companion. Although we could not constrain the age of the majority of the candidates, probably most of them are still bound except four that may be under disruption processes. We suggest that our sample could be divided in two populations: one tightly bound wide VLM systems that are expected to last more than 10 Gyr, and other formed by weak bound wide VLM systems that will dissipate within a few Gyr.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
LA FORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL DESDE LA OBRA DE JOSÉ MARTÍ EN CARRERAS PEDAGÓGICAS CON PERFIL BIOLÓGICO
Creators: name: González-Sivilla, Roeris
name: Méndez Santos, Isidro Eduardo
name: Varela Aristigueta, Matilde Teresa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: La investigación busca satisfacer el problema relacionado con las insuficiencias de la formación del docente en carreras pedagógicas con perfil biológico, que limitan su accionar con relación a la educación ambiental y la promoción de la obra martiana, según las exigencias de la sociedad cubana. Su objetivo es elaborar una estrategia pedagógica, sustentada en un modelo de formación martiano-ambientalista. Como métodos teóricos se emplearon: el análisis histórico y lógico, la inducción y la deducción, la modelación, el método sistémico-estructural-funcional, el análisis y la síntesis. Del nivel empírico se utilizaron: análisis de documentos, la encuesta, la entrevista y la observación, el taller de análisis y reflexión pedagógica, el método Delphy y el pre-experimento. Del nivel estadístico-matemático se utilizó el muestreo intencional, el análisis de estadígrafos y el test de Mc Nemar-Bowker. Los resultados científicos radican en un modelo pedagógico de formación martiano-ambientalista para carreras pedagógicas, de cuya sinergia resulta la dimensión ecosófica martiana del modo de actuación pre-profesional del docente y una estrategia pedagógica como instrumento práctico. El pre-experimento en los grupos Biología-Geografía de ingreso en 2010-2011 y Biología-Química de ingreso 2012-2013, de la Universidad de Camagüey, evidenció la efectividad de la estrategia al favorecer su formación martiano-ambientalista.
Performance in Language and Performance Goal Orientations: Dynamic Effects on Students’ Academic Behaviors
Creators: name: Stamovlasis, Dimitrios
name: Stavropoulou, Georgia
name: Karastergiou, Eleni
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: Schools as complex systems include a plethora of factors that could influence students' attitudes, motivation and cognitive outcomes. In this paper, the framework of achievement goal theory is examined within the complex dynamical systems paradigm (CDS) and the roles of the relevant psychological constructs, such as, mastery, performance-approach and performance-avoidance orientations, are investigated. The present work is part of a wider project aiming to apply CDS in language research and presents preliminary results of two different projects. The first study, carried out with lower-grade secondary school students, explores the cognitive outcomes related to writing as a function of a number of factors, such as achievement goals orientation (mastery, performance-approach, performance-avoidance) and self-efficacy. The second study concerns Ancient Greek language learning and analyzes longitudinal data from two classes of the upper-grade secondary education students. Learning outcomes and efficacy were associated with achievement goals orientation constructs. Cusp catastrophe analysis showed that, in both studies, the nonlinear models were superior to the linear alternatives and that bifurcation effects are present in the data, where performance goal orientations acted as the splitting variables. These findings are in line with previous reports, and are discussed in light of the current theories. Keywords: teacher learning, teacher evaluation, complex systems, learning progressions
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Classical-to-quantum non-signalling boxes
Creators: name: Ferrera, Carolina Moreira
name: Simmons, Robin
name: Purcell, James
name: Collins, Daniel
name: Popescu, Sandu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we introduce the concept of classical input - quantum output (C-Q) non-signalling boxes, a generalisation of the classical input - classical output (C-C) non-signalling boxes. We argue that studying such objects leads to a better understanding of the relation between quantum nonlocality and non-locality beyond quantum mechanics. The main issue discussed in the paper is whether there exist 'genuine' C-Q boxes or all C-Q boxes can be built from objects already known, namely C-C boxes acting on pre-shared entangled quantum particles. We show that large classes of C-Q boxes are non-genuine. In particular, we show that all bi-partite C-Q boxes with outputs that are pure states are non-genuine. We also present various strategies for addressing the general problem, i.e. for multi-partite C-Q boxes which output mixed states, whose answer is still open. Finally, we show that even some very simple non-genuine C-Q boxes require large amounts of C-C nonlocal correlations in order to simulate them.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in Quantum
Diba: A Re-configurable Stream Processor
Creators: name: Najafi, Mohammadreza
name: Qadah, Thamir M.
name: Sadoghi, Mohammad
name: Jacobsen, Hans-Arno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stream processing acceleration is driven by the continuously increasing volume and velocity of data generated on the Web and the limitations of storage, computation, and power consumption. Hardware solutions provide better performance and power consumption, but they are hindered by the high research and development costs and the long time to market. In this work, we propose our re-configurable stream processor (Diba), a complete rethinking of a previously proposed customized and flexible query processor that targets real-time stream processing. Diba uses a unidirectional dataflow not dedicated to any specific type of query (operator) on streams, allowing a straightforward placement of processing components on a general data path that facilitates query mapping. In Diba, the concepts of the distribution network and processing components are implemented as two separate entities connected using generic interfaces. This approach allows the adoption of a versatile architecture for a family of queries rather than forcing a rigid chain of processing components to implement such queries. Our experimental evaluations of representative queries from TPC-H yielded processing times of 300, 1220, and 3520 milliseconds for data streams with scale factor sizes of one, four, and ten gigabytes, respectively.
Comparing planar quantum computing platforms at the quantum speed limit
Creators: name: Basilewitsch, Daniel
name: Dlaska, Clemens
name: Lechner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important aspect that strongly impacts the experimental feasibility of quantum circuits is the ratio of gate times and typical error time scales. Algorithms with circuit depths that significantly exceed the error time scales will result in faulty quantum states and error correction is inevitable. We present a comparison of the theoretical minimal gate time, i.e., the quantum speed limit (QSL), for realistic two- and multi-qubit gate implementations in neutral atoms and superconducting qubits. Subsequent to finding the QSLs for individual gates by means of optimal control theory we use them to quantify the circuit QSL of the quantum Fourier transform and the quantum approximate optimization algorithm. In particular, we analyze these quantum algorithms in terms of circuit run times and gate counts both in the standard gate model and the parity mapping. We find that neutral atom and superconducting qubit platforms show comparable weighted circuit QSLs with respect to the system size.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
TCP in 5G mmWave Networks: Link Level Retransmissions and MP-TCP
Creators: name: Polese, Michele
name: Jana, Rittwik
name: Zorzi, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: MmWave communications, one of the cornerstones of future 5G mobile networks, are characterized at the same time by a potential multi-gigabit capacity and by a very dynamic channel, sensitive to blockage, wide fluctuations in the received signal quality, and possibly also sudden link disruption. While the performance of physical and MAC layer schemes that address these issues has been thoroughly investigated in the literature, the complex interactions between mmWave links and transport layer protocols such as TCP are still relatively unexplored. This paper uses the ns-3 mmWave module, with its channel model based on real measurements in New York City, to analyze the performance of the Linux TCP/IP stack (i) with and without link-layer retransmissions, showing that they are fundamental to reach a high TCP throughput on mmWave links and (ii) with Multipath TCP (MP-TCP) over multiple LTE and mmWave links, illustrating which are the throughput-optimal combinations of secondary paths and congestion control algorithms in different conditions.
description: 6 pages, 11 figures, accepted for presentation at the 2017 IEEE Conference on Computer Communications Workshops (INFOCOM WKSHPS)
A new class of copulas having dependence range larger than FGM-type copulas
Creators: name: Zachariah, Swaroop Georgy
name: Arshad, Mohd.
name: Pathak, Ashok Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62H05, 62H10

description: We propose a new bivariate symmetric copula with positive and negative dependence properties. The main features of the proposed copula are its simple mathematical structure, wider dependence range compared to FGM copula and its generalizations, and no lower and upper tail dependence. The maximum range of Spearman's Rho of the proposed copula is [-0.5866,0.5866], which improves the dependence range of the FGM copula and its various generalizations. A new bivariate Rayleigh distribution is developed using the proposed copula, and some statistical properties have been studied. A real data set is analyzed to illustrate the proposed bivariate distribution's relevance in practical contexts.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
Problem Formation and Problem Resolution in American Schools
Creators: name: Koopmans, Matthijs
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: Educational systems are known to be difficult to transform. We need to better understand the reasons for this difficulty. This article focuses on public education in the United States, and it discusses the successes and failures of urban school reform efforts in terms of Watzlawick et al.’s (1974) theory of problem formation and problem resolution, including the distinction between first and second order change. The compatibility of this framework with contemporary ideas about the dynamics of change, such as self-organized criticality and emergence is also discussed, and it is shown how these ideas enhance our understanding of what constitutes educational change, and its facilitating and inhibitory processes. The article focuses on two types of school reform: structural reform and financial reform and presents reform efforts in San Diego and Newark as cases in point. Keywords: public education, second order change, self-organized criticality, emergence, school reform
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
"Course Design, Images and the Class-Curated Exhibit" RBM: Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage. Vol. 19, Issue 2, 2018, pp. 133-153. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5860/rbm.19.2.133
Creators: name: Totleben, Kristen
name: Prendergast, Ryan
Publisher: name: University of Rochester
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 36
subject: Creative arts and writing
classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: This article discusses the restructuring of a literature course to include a student-curated exhibit featuring rare, illustrated volumes from the University of Rochester’s River Campus Libraries. Faculty and library staff offered an experiential learning project for students to develop skills in the areas of primary source literacy, basic exhibit design, visual and textual analysis, process writing, and public presentation. We reflect upon the challenges and opportunities of project management and offer three models for integrating rare books and exhibit curation into a range of courses across disciplines.
Transmission singularities in resonant electron tunneling through double complex potential barrier
Creators: name: Opacak, Nikola
name: Milanovic, Vitomir
name: Radovanovic, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunneling of electrons through a barrier with complex potential is investigated. We focus on two cases, symmetric double rectangular barrier and double delta potential barrier, and give expressions for resonant transmission probability for both cases. Expressions for reflection amplitude and absorption are also obtained in the case of delta potential. It will be shown that for given dimensions of the potential barrier and the real part of the potential, resonant transmission probability approaches infinity for only one positive value of the imaginary part of the potential.
title: Радиационно-индуцированное поражение эндотелия
title: Radiation-Induced Endothelial Damage
Creators: name: Греков, Илья Сергеевич
name: Селезнёв, Евгений Александрович
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: Цель – обзор научной литературы, посвященной патогенетическим механизмам поражения
эндотелия ионизирующим излучением при лучевой терапии у пациентов онкологического профиля. Материалы и методы. Проведен поиск научной литературы в базах данных Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed
и РИНЦ по ключевым словам: эндотелий, радиация, лучевая терапия. Результаты. Большинство негативных эффектов, вызванных воздействием радиации, связано с развитием эндотелиальной дисфункции. Так, нарушение
эндотелиального гомеостаза приводит к развитию провоспалительного фенотипа с последующим включением
ряда патогенетических механизмов, которые обуславливают развитие целого комплекса клинических проявлений, прежде всего – кардиоваскулярной патологии. Данная проблема является актуальной в силу прогрессирования сердечно-сосудистых заболеваний в популяции таких больных, что ухудшает течение основного заболевания и нередко становится самостоятельной причиной летального исхода. В обзоре рассмотрены и обобщены
последние сведения о механизмах патогенеза радиационно-индуцированных повреждений эндотелия, последствий его дисфункции, имеющих большое значение для разработки превентивной стратегии у пациентов, получающих курсы лучевой терапии.
description: The study aims to review the scientific literature on the pathogenetic mechanisms of ionizing
radiation damage to endotheluim during radiation therapy in cancer patients. Materials and methods.
The scientific literature was searched in the Web of Science, Scopus, MEDLINE, PubMed and RSCI databases using
such keywords as endothelium, radiation, and radiation therapy. The search depth was 10 years. Results. Most
of the negative effects of radiation exposure are associated with the development of endothelial dysfunction.
Thus, a disruption in endothelial homeostasis results in the development of a pro-inflammatory phenotype,
which is followed by the inclusion of a number of pathogenetic mechanisms that cause the emergence of a
variety of clinical conditions, including cardiovascular pathology. This problem occurs due to the progression of
cardiovascular diseases in cancer patients, which worsens the course of the underlying disease and often leads
to death. This article reviews and summarizes the latest data on the mechanisms and pathogenesis of radiationinduced endothelial damage, as well as the consequences of endothelial dysfunction. The data obtained will help
develop a preventive strategy for patients undergoing radiation therapy.
The Ensemble Kalman Filter: A Signal Processing Perspective
Creators: name: Roth, Michael
name: Hendeby, Gustaf
name: Fritsche, Carsten
name: Gustafsson, Fredrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) is a Monte Carlo based implementation of the Kalman filter (KF) for extremely high-dimensional, possibly nonlinear and non-Gaussian state estimation problems. Its ability to handle state dimensions in the order of millions has made the EnKF a popular algorithm in different geoscientific disciplines. Despite a similarly vital need for scalable algorithms in signal processing, e.g., to make sense of the ever increasing amount of sensor data, the EnKF is hardly discussed in our field. This self-contained review paper is aimed at signal processing researchers and provides all the knowledge to get started with the EnKF. The algorithm is derived in a KF framework, without the often encountered geoscientific terminology. Algorithmic challenges and required extensions of the EnKF are provided, as well as relations to sigma-point KF and particle filters. The relevant EnKF literature is summarized in an extensive survey and unique simulation examples, including popular benchmark problems, complement the theory with practical insights. The signal processing perspective highlights new directions of research and facilitates the exchange of potentially beneficial ideas, both for the EnKF and high-dimensional nonlinear and non-Gaussian filtering in general.
Stability Issues Related to Use of NaTi2(PO4)3 as Anode in Aqueous Na-ion batteries
Creators: name: Juodkazytė, Jurga
name: Gintrarė Gečė
name: Petrulevičienė, Milda
name: Pilipavičius, Jurgis
name: Tediashvili, Davit
name: Staišiūnas, Laurynas
name: Vilčiauskas, Linas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: aqueous batteries
sodium ion
NTP
stability

description: Stability Issues Related to Use of NaTi2(PO4)3 as Anode in Aqueous Na-ion batteries J. Juodkazytė, G. Gečė, M. Petrulevičienė, J. Pilipavičius, D. Tediashvili, L. Staišiūnas, L. Vilčiauskas Center for Physical Sciences and Technology, Saulėtekio av. 3, LT-10257, Vilnius The increasing use of renewable energy calls for new solutions in electrical energy storage. Aqueous Na-ion batteries are attracting much attention, because Na is widely abundant and significantly cheaper than lithium [1]. NaTi2(PO4)3 (NTP) is one the most intensively studied negative electrode materials. However, slow galvanostatic cycling (≤ 1C) leads to low coulombic efficiency, fast capacity decay and degradation of material [2, 3]. Our research is aimed at understanding the mechanism of these phenomena and finding the methods of mitigation. The degradation of NTP in 1 M Na2SO4 (aq.) was studied using cyclic voltammetry, galvanostatic cycling, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry. We show that degradation of NTP is an electrochemically induced process related with increase in pH caused by parasitic reactions [2]. Protective Al2O3, TiO2 and HfO2 coatings were deposited using atomic layer deposition (ALD). Results of the study show that formation of conformal protective layers using ALD stands as one of the most promising solutions of NTP degradation problem due to simplicity, scalability and effectiveness of the technique. Literature: [1] D. Bin, Adv. Energy Mater. 2018, 8, 1703008. [2] G. Plečkaitytė, J. Mat. Chem. A 2021, 9, 12670. [3] S. Tutlienė, J. Electrochem. Soc. 2021, 168, 060545. Acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Regional Development Fund (Project No. 01.2.2-LMT-K-718-02-0005) under grant agreement with the Research Council of Lithuania (LMTLT).
Sample-Efficient and Surrogate-Based Design Optimization of Underwater Vehicle Hulls
Creators: name: Vardhan, Harsh
name: Hyde, David
name: Timalsina, Umesh
name: Volgyesi, Peter
name: Sztipanovits, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physics simulations like computational fluid dynamics (CFD) are a computational bottleneck in computer-aided design (CAD) optimization processes. To overcome this bottleneck, one requires either an optimization framework that is highly sample-efficient, or a fast data-driven proxy (surrogate model) for long-running simulations. Both approaches have benefits and limitations. Bayesian optimization is often used for sample efficiency, but it solves one specific problem and struggles with transferability; alternatively, surrogate models can offer fast and often more generalizable solutions for CFD problems, but gathering data for and training such models can be computationally demanding. In this work, we leverage recent advances in optimization and artificial intelligence (AI) to explore both of these potential approaches, in the context of designing an optimal unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) hull. Our study finds that the Bayesian Optimization-Lower Condition Bound (BO-LCB) algorithm is the most sample-efficient optimization framework and has the best convergence behavior of those considered. Subsequently, we show that our DNN-based surrogate model predicts drag force on test data in tight agreement with CFD simulations, with a mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) of 1.85%. Combining these results, we demonstrate a two-orders-of-magnitude speedup (with comparable accuracy) for the design optimization process when the surrogate model is used. To our knowledge, this is the first study applying Bayesian optimization and DNN-based surrogate modeling to the problem of UUV design optimization, and we share our developments as open-source software.
The early B-type star Rho Oph A is an X-ray lighthouse
Creators: name: Pillitteri, Ignazio
name: Wolk, Scott J.
name: Reale, Fabio
name: Oskinova, Lida
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a 140 ks XMM-Newton observation of the B2 star $ρ$ Ophiuchi A. The star has exhibited strong X-ray variability: a cusp-shaped increase of rate, similar to that which we partially observed in 2013, and a bright flare. These events are separated in time by about 104 ks, which likely corresponds to the rotational period of the star (1.2 days). Time resolved spectroscopy of the X-ray spectra shows that the first event is caused by an increase of the plasma emission measure, while the second increase of rate is a major flare with temperatures in excess of 60 MK ($kT\sim5$ keV). From the analysis of its rise, we infer a magnetic field of $\ge300$ G and a size of the flaring region of $\sim1.4-1.9\times10^{11}$ cm, which corresponds to $\sim25\%-30\%$ of the stellar radius. We speculate that either an intrinsic magnetism that produces a hot spot on its surface or an unknown low mass companion are the source of such X-rays and variability. A hot spot of magnetic origin should be a stable structure over a time span of $\ge$2.5 years, and suggests an overall large scale dipolar magnetic field that produces an extended feature on the stellar surface. In the second scenario, a low mass unknown companion is the emitter of X-rays and it should orbit extremely close to the surface of the primary in a locked spin-orbit configuration, almost on the verge of collapsing onto the primary. As such, the X-ray activity of the secondary star would be enhanced by its young age, and the tight orbit as in RS Cvn systems and $ρ$ Ophiuchi would constitute an extreme system that is worthy of further investigation.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, A&A accepted, this is the version after the language editor corrections
Academic Skill Learning and the Problem of Complexity: II. Underdeveloped Mental Action, Its Role in Students who Struggle as Their Formal Education Begins, and Evidence from Kodàly Music Training for Opportunity to Address This Problem
Creators: name: Gardiner, Martin F.
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: Longitudinal evidence reviewed here associating Kodàly music training that begins at school entry with significant improvement in academic progress in students who struggle at math or verbal language skill or both is difficult to fully explain by improved attitude, classroom behave or, overlap of information to be learned or demographic differences. Patel (2008) has proposed overlap in organization of processing by the brain of musical and verbal language that could be involved, but the Kodàly evidence extends to impact on mathematics as well. I propose here that, more generally, the impacts have to do with how the complex system of our brain addresses the complex variety of skill each of us must develop. At the heart of the problem of many struggling students can be underdeveloped capability for what I term mental action, i.e. for manner of engaged thinking, which becomes increasingly necessary if school learning is to advance. I interpret the music training data I review as illustrating this problem and also showing the potential of an effective path to address it. Keywords: Kodàly, academic achievement, music education, learning, brain activity
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 1, No 2 (2020)
Primal-Dual Damping algorithms for optimization
Creators: name: Zuo, X.
name: Osher, S.
name: Li, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose an unconstrained optimization method based on the well-known primal-dual hybrid gradient (PDHG) algorithm. We first formulate the optimality condition of the unconstrained optimization problem as a saddle point problem. We then compute the minimizer by applying generalized primal-dual hybrid gradient algorithms. Theoretically, we demonstrate the continuous-time limit of the proposed algorithm forms a class of second-order differential equations, which contains and extends the heavy ball ODEs and Hessian-driven damping dynamics. Following the Lyapunov analysis of the ODE system, we prove the linear convergence of the algorithm for strongly convex functions. Experimentally, we showcase the advantage of algorithms on several convex and non-convex optimization problems by comparing the performance with other well-known algorithms, such as Nesterov's accelerated gradient methods. In particular, we demonstrate that our algorithm is efficient in training two-layer and convolution neural networks in supervised learning problems.
description: fixed typo in eq 2.6(b)
[Carta Aberta à Humanidade] A Velocidade do Som - uma Teoria Atómica (2022)
Creators: name: Teia, Luis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 519999
subject: Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A presente carta aberta descreve uma nova teoria de como explicar o comportamento de fluidos geometricamente a um nivel atómico, evoluindo para lá do modelo clássico de um comportamento caótico.-------------------------------------------------------------------------For more public data, please visit my Figshare profile: https://figshare.com/authors/Luis_Teia/10811244
Breaking New Ground in Complexity and Education. Proceedings of The Fifth CCS Satellite Symposium on Complex Systems and Education: Research and Practice
Creators: name: Koopmans, Matthijs
name: Stamovlasis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: International Journal of Complexity in Education
Year: 2023

description: In December 2020, the Conference on Complex Systems (CCS) was held virtually, as were all satellite sessions associated with it, including the one reported on here. The Fifth CCS Satellite Symposium on Complex Systems and Education: Research and Practice was a day-long session in which scholars from across the globe shared new research in complexity theory and education with scholars joining from China, Singapore, Finland, Greece, Brazil, and the United States, spanning a sixteen-hour time difference. These Proceedings bring together extended versions of three of the papers presented at that satellite.
description: International Journal of Complexity in Education, Vol 2, No 2 (2021)
Hunting for reduced polytopes
Creators: name: Merino, Bernardo González
name: Jahn, Thomas
name: Polyanskii, Alexandr
name: Wachsmuth, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B10

description: We show that there exist reduced polytopes in three-dimensional Euclidean space. This partially answers the question posed by Lassak on the existence of reduced polytopes in $d$-dimensional Euclidean space for $d\geq 3$. Moreover, we prove a novel necessary condition on reduced polytopes in three-dimensional Euclidean space.
description: This is work is a merger of arXiv:1605.06791 and arXiv:1607.08125
Using Large Language Models to Generate JUnit Tests: An Empirical Study
Creators: name: Siddiq, Mohammed Latif
name: Santos, Joanna C. S.
name: Tanvir, Ridwanul Hasan
name: Ulfat, Noshin
name: Rifat, Fahmid Al
name: Lopes, Vinicius Carvalho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A code generation model generates code by taking a prompt from a code comment, existing code, or a combination of both. Although code generation models (e.g., GitHub Copilot) are increasingly being adopted in practice, it is unclear whether they can successfully be used for unit test generation without fine-tuning for a strongly typed language like Java. To fill this gap, we investigated how well three models (Codex, GPT-3.5-Turbo, and StarCoder) can generate unit tests. We used two benchmarks (HumanEval and Evosuite SF110) to investigate the effect of context generation on the unit test generation process. We evaluated the models based on compilation rates, test correctness, test coverage, and test smells. We found that the Codex model achieved above 80% coverage for the HumanEval dataset, but no model had more than 2% coverage for the EvoSuite SF110 benchmark. The generated tests also suffered from test smells, such as Duplicated Asserts and Empty Tests.
description: Accepted in Research Track of The 28th International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE 2024)
The role of substrate bias and nitrogen doping on the structural evolution and local elastic modulus of diamond-like carbon films
Creators: name: Polaki, S. R.
name: Ganesan, K.
name: Srivastava, S. K.
name: Kamruddin, M.
name: Tyagi, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diamond-like carbon (DLC) films are synthesized on Si using plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The role of substrate bias and nitrogen doping on the structural evolution and local elastic modulus of DLC films are systematically investigated. Raman spectroscopic studies reveal that the amount of graphitic C=C sp2 bonding increases with substrate bias and nitrogen doping. The density and hydrogen concentration in the films are found to vary from 0.7 to 2.2 g/cm3 and 16 to 38 atomic %, respectively, depending upon the substrate bias and nitrogen concentration in the DLC films. Atomic force acoustic microscopic (AFAM) analysis shows a direct correlation between local elastic modulus and structural properties estimated by Raman spectroscopy, Rutherford back scattering and elastic recoil detection analysis. AFAM analysis further confirms the evolution of soft second phases at high substrate biases (> -150V) in undoped DLC films. Further, N doping leads to formation of such soft second phases in DLC films even at lower substrate bias of -100 V. The AFAM studies provide a direct microscopic evidence for the "sub-implantation growth model" which predicts the formation of graphitic second phases in DLC matrix at high substrate biases.
description: Accepted in J. Phys. D Appl. Phys