cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evolution of stellar structure in the Small Magellanic Cloud
Creators: name: Gieles, M.
name: Bastian, N.
name: Ercolano, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The projected distribution of stars in the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) from the Magellanic Clouds Photometric Survey is analysed. Stars of different ages are selected via criteria based on V magnitude and V-I colour, and the degree of `grouping' as a function of age is studied. We quantify the degree of structure using the two-point correlation function and a method based on the Minimum Spanning Tree and find that the overall structure of the SMC is evolving from a high degree of sub-structure at young ages (~10 Myr) to a smooth radial density profile. This transition is gradual and at ~75 Myr the distribution is statistically indistinguishable from the background SMC distribution. This time-scale corresponds to approximately the dynamical crossing time of stars in the SMC. The spatial positions of the star clusters in the SMC show a similar evolution of spatial distribution with age. Our analysis suggests that stars form with a high degree of (fractal) sub-structure, probably imprinted by the turbulent nature of the gas from which they form, which is erased by random motions in the galactic potential on a time-scale of a galactic crossing time.
description: Updated to match final journal style
Quantum Chessboards in the Deuterium Molecular Ion
Creators: name: Calvert, C. R.
name: Birkeland, T.
name: King, R. B.
name: Williams, I. D.
name: McCann, J. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new algorithm for vibrational control in deuterium molecules that is feasible with current experimental technology. A pump mechanism is used to create a coherent superposition of the D2+ vibrations. A short, intense infrared control pulse is applied after a chosen delay time to create selective interferences. A `chessboard' pattern of states can be realized in which a set of even- or odd-numbered vibrational states can be selectively annihilated or enhanced. A technique is proposed for experimental realization and observation of this effect using 5 fs pulses of 790 nm radiation, with intermediate intensity (5e13 W/cm2)
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Recent developments in the constituent quark model including quark-antiquark pairs
Creators: name: Santopinto, E.
name: Bijker, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the formalism for a new generation of unquenched quark models for baryons in which the effects of quark-antiquark pairs (u anti-u, d anti-d and s anti-s) are taken into account in an explicit form via a microscopic, QCD-inspired, quark-antiquark creation mechaniscm. The present approach is an extension of the flux-tube breaking model of Geiger and Isgur in which now the contributions of quark-antiquark pairs an be studied for any initial baryon and for any flavor of the q anti-q pair. It is shown that the inclusion of q anti-q paris leads to a large contribution of orbital angular momentum to the proton spin.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables, NSTAR2007, Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons, Springer, 2008
TRACKING ILLNESS RELATED CHRONIC ABSENCE: A QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT
Creators: name: Macalino, Cherry Arimas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: School attendance is a predictor of academic achievement, which in turn is a determinant of future health and employment opportunities. Chronic absenteeism, defined as missing 10% or more school days regardless of reason (excused or unexcused), affects 13% of students nationwide. District attendance processes, policies, and data were analyzed in a demographically diverse Southern California high school. A comparison of attendance processes between the school site and four other districts was conducted to identify the differences in practices. A review of the attendance history of 117 ninth and tenth graders, who missed at least 10% of days in school, showed that 66% of the absences were due to illness. Seventy-seven students met the criteria for moderate to severe illness chronic absence, and 14% of these students failed one or more classes in the first semester. A school nurse referral process with an accompanying algorithm, a chronic absence district policy, a chronic illness verification form, and pilot project proposal were developed to facilitate an improved process of identifying students at risk of illness-related chronic absences prior to the negative consequence to academic performance. Emerging evidence highlights the impact school nurses have in the reduction of absenteeism rates in students with chronic conditions. School nurses have an integral role in mitigating illness related chronic absences through case coordination efforts. Thus, developing an attendance tracking system which monitors illness related chronic absences and includes the school nurse in the intervention plan may prevent the need for more intensive strategies and promote academic achievement.
DPGen: Automated Program Synthesis for Differential Privacy
Creators: name: Wang, Yuxin
name: Ding, Zeyu
name: Xiao, Yingtai
name: Kifer, Daniel
name: Zhang, Danfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.3.1

description: Differential privacy has become a de facto standard for releasing data in a privacy-preserving way. Creating a differentially private algorithm is a process that often starts with a noise-free (non-private) algorithm. The designer then decides where to add noise, and how much of it to add. This can be a non-trivial process -- if not done carefully, the algorithm might either violate differential privacy or have low utility. In this paper, we present DPGen, a program synthesizer that takes in non-private code (without any noise) and automatically synthesizes its differentially private version (with carefully calibrated noise). Under the hood, DPGen uses novel algorithms to automatically generate a sketch program with candidate locations for noise, and then optimize privacy proof and noise scales simultaneously on the sketch program. Moreover, DPGen can synthesize sophisticated mechanisms that adaptively process queries until a specified privacy budget is exhausted. When evaluated on standard benchmarks, DPGen is able to generate differentially private mechanisms that optimize simple utility functions within 120 seconds. It is also powerful enough to synthesize adaptive privacy mechanisms.
description: CCS'21
AARP Poll: 2020 Travel Trends
Creators: name: American Association Of Retired Persons (AARP)
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Travel in 2019 (6); anticipated 2020 non-business related travel (30); international travel (7); domestic travel (7); travel motivations (4); summer vacation (2); family trip (2); celebration trip (2); season of anticipated travel (2); mode of transportation (2); travel activities (4); accommodations (4); cruise trip (5); "authentic" experiences (1); anticipated spending on travel (3); loyalty programs (2); use of technology in sharing vacation memories (1); smartphone usage (4); vacation accrual/paid time off (2); time spent working while on vacation (2); add on to a business trip (2).
Optimal Light Beams and Mirror Shapes for Future LIGO Interferometers
Creators: name: Bondarescu, Mihai
name: Kogan, Oleg
name: Chen, Yanbei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of a recent search for the lowest value of thermal noise that can be achieved in LIGO by changing the shape of mirrors, while fixing the mirror radius and maintaining a low diffractional loss. The result of this minimization is a beam with thermal noise a factor of 2.32 (in power) lower than previously considered Mesa Beams and a factor of 5.45 (in power) lower than the Gaussian beams employed in the current baseline design. Mirrors that confine these beams have been found to be roughly conical in shape, with an average slope approximately equal to the mirror radius divided by arm length, and with mild corrections varying at the Fresnel scale. Such a mirror system, if built, would impact the sensitivity of LIGO, increasing the event rate of observing gravitational waves in the frequency range of maximum sensitivity roughly by a factor of three compared to an Advanced LIGO using Mesa beams (assuming all other noises remain unchanged). We discuss the resulting beam and mirror properties and study requirements on mirror tilt, displacement and figure error, in order for this beam to be used in LIGO detectors.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Concepts and status of Chinese space gravitational wave detection projects
Creators: name: Gong, Yungui
name: Luo, Jun
name: Wang, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave (GW) detection in space probes GW spectrum that is inaccessible from the Earth. In addition to LISA project led by European Space Agency, and the DECIGO detector proposed by the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, two Chinese space-based GW observatories -- TianQin and Taiji -- are planned to be launched in the 2030s. TianQin has a unique concept in its design with a geocentric orbit. Taiji's design is similar to LISA, but is more ambitious with longer arm distance. Both facilities are complementary to LISA, considering that TianQin is sensitive to higher frequencies and Taiji probes similar frequencies but with higher sensitivity. In this Perspective we explain the concepts for both facilities and introduce the development milestones of TianQin and Taiji projects in testing extraordinary technologies to pave the way for future space-based GW detections. Considering that LISA, TianQin and Taiji have similar scientific goals, all are scheduled to be launched around the 2030s and will operate concurrently, we discuss possible collaborations among them to improve GW source localization and characterization.
description: 2 tables, 4 figures, publication version
Effect of oxygen incorporation on normal and superconducting properties of MgB2 films
Creators: name: Singh, R. K.
name: Shen, Y.
name: Gandikota, R.
name: Carvalho, C.
name: Rowell, J. M.
name: Newman, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Oxygen was systematically incorporated in MBE grown MgB2 films using in-situ post-growth anneals in an oxygen environment. Connectivity analysis in combination with measurements of the critical temperature and resistivity indicate that oxygen is distributed both within and between the grains. High values of critical current densities in field (~4x10^5 A/cm^2 at 8 T and 4.2 K), extrabolated critical fields (>45 T) and slopes of critical field versus temperature (1.4 T/K) are observed. Our results suggest that low growth temperatures (300oC) and oxygen doping (>0.65%) can produce MgB2 with high Jc values in field and Hc2 for high-field magnet applications.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
A new method to perform data/model comparison in Fermi-LAT analysis
Creators: name: Bruel, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of Fermi Large Area Telescope (LAT) gamma-ray data in a given Region Of Interest (RoI) usually consists of performing a binned log-likelihood fit in order to determine the sky model that, after convolution with the instrument response, best accounts for the distribution of observed counts. While tools are available to perform such a fit, it is not easy to check the goodness-of-fit. The difficulty of the assessment of the data/model agreement is twofold. First of all, the observed and predicted counts are binned in three dimensions (two spatial dimensions and one energy dimension) and comparing two 3D maps is not straightforward. Secondly, gamma-ray source spectra generally decrease with energy as the inverse of the energy square. As a consequence the number of counts above several GeV generally falls into the Poisson regime, which precludes performing a simple $χ^2$ test. We propose a method that overcomes these two obstacles by producing and comparing spatially integrated count spectra for data and model at each pixel of the analysed RoI. The comparison is performed following a log-likelihood approach that extends the $χ^2$ test to histograms with low statistics. This method can take into account likelihood weights that are used to account for systematic uncertainties. We optimize the new method so that it provides a fast and reliable tool to assess the goodness-of-fit of Fermi-LAT data and we use it to check the latest gamma-ray source catalog on 10~years of data.
description: Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Phases and properties of quark matter
Creators: name: Gupta, Sourendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent developments in finite temperature lattice QCD which are useful for the study of heavy-ion collisions. I pay particular attention to studies of the equation of state and the light they throw on conformal symmetry and the large N_c limit, and to the structure of the phase diagram for N_f=2+1.
description: Plenary talk at Quark Matter 2008, Jaipur, India (8 pages, 5 figures)
On the classifiation of Landsberg spherically symmetric Finsler metrics
Creators: name: Elgendi, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C60, 53B40, 58B20

description: In this paper, as an application of the inverse problem of calculus of variations, we investigate two compatibility conditions on the spherically symmetric Finsler metrics. By making use of these conditions, we focus our attention on the Landsberg spherically symmetric Finsler metrics. We classify all spherically symmetric manifolds of Landsberg or Berwald types. For the higher dimensions $n\geq 3$, we prove that: all Landsberg spherically symmetric manifolds are either Riemannian or their geodesic sprays have a specific formula; all regular Landsberg spherically symmetric metrics are Riemannian; all (regular or non-regular) Berwald spherically symmetric metrics are Riemannian. Moreover, we establish new unicorns, i.e., new explicit examples of non-regular non-Berwaldian Landsberg metrics are obtained. For the two-dimensional case, we characterize all Berwald or Landsberg spherically symmetric surfaces.
description: Any comments or remarks are welcome
Suppression of ballistic helical transport by isotropic dynamical magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Yevtushenko, Oleg M.
name: Yudson, Vladimir I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical magnetic impurities (MI) are considered as a possible origin for suppression of the ballistic helical transport on edges of 2D topological insulators. The MIs provide a spin-flip backscattering of itinerant helical electrons. Such a backscattering reduces the ballistic conductance if the exchange interaction between the MI and the electrons is anisotropic and the Kondo screening is unimportant. It is well-known that the isotropic MIs do not suppress the helical transport in systems with axial spin symmetry of the electrons. We show that, if this symmetry is broken, the isotropic MI acquires an effective anisotropy and suppresses the helical conductance. The peculiar underlying mechanism is a successive backscattering of the electrons which propagate in the same direction and have different energies. The respective correction to the linear conductance is determined by the allowed phase space of the electrons and scales with temperature as T^4. Hence, it disappears at small temperatures. This qualitatively distinguishes effects governed by the MIs with the induced and bare anisotropy; the latter is temperature independent. If T is smaller than the applied bias, finite e V, the allowed phase space is provided by the bias and the differential conductance scales as (e V)^4.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
N=2 supersymmetric extension of a hydrodynamic system in Riemann invariants
Creators: name: Grundland, A. M.
name: Hariton, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we formulate an N=2 supersymmetric extension of a hydrodynamic-type system involving Riemann invariants. The supersymmetric version is constructed by means of a superspace and superfield formalism, using bosonic superfields, and consists of a system of partial differential equations involving both bosonic and fermionic variables. We make use of group-theoretical methods in order to analyze the extended model algebraically. Specifically, we calculate a Lie superalgebra of symmetries of our supersymmetric model and make use of a general classification method to classify the one-dimensional subalgebras into conjugacy classes. As a result we obtain a set of 401 one-dimensional nonequivalent subalgebras. For selected subalgebras, we use the symmetry reduction method applied to Grassmann-valued equations in order to determine analytic exact solutions of our supersymmetric model. These solutions include travelling waves, bumps, kinks, double-periodic solutions and solutions involving exponentials and radicals.
description: 26 pages
title: Preface -- IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (2009)
Creators: name: Kannan, Ravi
name: Narayan Kumar, K.
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Preface
subject: proceedings
subject: FSTTCS
subject: referees
subject: programme committee
subject: organising committee

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the 29th international conference on the Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2009), organized under the auspices of the Indian Association for Research in Computing Science (IARCS) at the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India.
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 4, IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, pages i-vii
Relativistic quantum-mechanical versus classical magnetic resonant scattering cross sections
Creators: name: Loudas, N. A.
name: Kylafis, N. D.
name: Trümper, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiative transfer calculations in strong (few $\times 10^{12}$ G) magnetic fields, observed in X-ray pulsars, require accurate resonant differential scattering cross sections. Such cross sections exist, but they are quite cumbersome. Here we compare the classical (non-relativistic) with the quantum-mechanical (relativistic) resonant differential scattering cross sections and offer a prescription for the use of the much simpler classical expressions with impressively accurate results. We have expanded the quantum-mechanical differential cross sections and kept terms up to first order in $ε\equiv E/m_ec^2$ and $B \equiv {\cal B}/{\cal B}_{cr}$, where $E$ is the photon energy and ${\cal B}_{cr}$ is the critical magnetic field, and recovered the classical differential cross sections plus terms that are due to spin flip, which is a pure quantum-mechanical phenomenon. Adding by hand the spin-flip terms to the polarization-dependent classical differential cross sections, we find that they are in excellent agreement with the quantum mechanical ones for all energies near resonance and all angles. We have plotted both of them and the agreement is impressive. We give a prescription for the use of the classical differential cross sections that guarantees very accurate results.
Nonequilibrium distribution function in the presence of a heat flux at the interface between two crystals
Creators: name: Meilakhs, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-dimensional harmonic chain model is used to study the non-equilibrium distribution function of phonons induced by a heat flux across the interface between two crystals. Conditions are derived which govern the matching of distribution functions on both sides of the interface. A generalization of the Enskog--Chapman method for calculating the Kapitza conductance is introduced. A precise relation is obtained under some simplifications. This version contains improved translation, modernized notation, and corrects one mistake, that does not affect the final formulae.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
Flavor asymmetry of the nucleon sea in an unquenched quark model
Creators: name: Bijker, R.
name: Santopinto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the flavor asymmetry of the nucleon in an unquenched quark model for baryons in which the effects of quark-antiquark pairs (u anti-u, d anti-d and s anti-s) are taken into account in an explicit form. It is shown that the inclusion of q anti-q pairs leads to an excess of anti-d over anti-u quarks in the proton.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. NSTAR2007, Proceedings of the 11th Workshop on the Physics of Excited Nucleons, Springer, 2008
Neutron transfer in $^{9}$Be + $^{159}$Tb system
Creators: name: Kaushik, Malika
name: Gupta, G.
name: Parkar, V. V.
name: Pandit, S. K.
name: Thakur, Swati
name: Nanal, V.
name: Shrivastava, A.
name: Pillay, R. G.
name: Krishnamoorthy, H.
name: Mahata, K.
name: Pal, S.
name: Palshetkar, C. S.
name: Ramachandran, K.
name: Singh, Pushpendra P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One neutron stripping cross sections ($σ_{-1n}$) are measured in $^{9}$Be+$^{159}$Tb system in the energy range E$_{cm}$/V$_{B}$ $\sim$ 0.79 - 1.24 using offline gamma counting technique. The CRC model calculations including the ground state and the 2$^{+}$ resonance state of $^{8}$Be, carried out using the FRESCO code, give a reasonable description of the measured data. In addition, comparisons of reduced 1n-stripping cross sections- $σ_{red}$ with $^{9}$Be for different target nuclei (A $\sim$150-200), and $σ_{red}$ for $^{9}$Be, $^{6}$Li with $^{159}$Tb target are presented. While no strong target dependence is observed with $^{9}$Be projectile, $σ_{red}$($^{9}$Be) is significantly larger than that for $^{6}$Li, which is consistent with the Q-value for transfer reactions and breakup threshold energy of projectiles.
description: 5 pages, 6 Figures
Enhanced Superconductivity in Superlattices of High-$T_c$ Cuprates
Creators: name: Okamoto, Satoshi
name: Maier, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic properties of multilayers of strongly correlated models for cuprate superconductors are investigated using cluster dynamical mean-field techniques. We focus on combinations of underdoped and overdoped layers and find that the superconducting order parameter in the overdoped layers is enhanced by the proximity effect of the strong pairing scale originating from the underdoped layers. The enhanced order parameter can even exceed the maximum value in uniform systems. This behavior is well reproduced in slave-boson mean-field calculations which also find higher transition temperatures than in the uniform system.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Faculty and administration perception of ideal teaching department role
Creators: name: Robertson, William Donovan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There are few studies of how teaching department attitudes influence learning in post-secondary education institutions. The dynamic interplay of groups in educational institutions has been poorly documented. If the members of a department display a collective point of view toward their role as a teaching unit, then an understanding of what elements contribute to the creation of that view would be useful both in the prevention and resolution of institutional conflict and in the provision of high quality instruction. Role perception strongly influences the departmental operating style. If a department believes it is operating in a specific and acceptable fashion and others disagree, misunderstandings and conflict eventually result. It therefore seems essential that any departmental appraisal should include an examination of how well a department's observable activities correlate with its perceived ideal role. However, the evaluation processes and instruments commonly used in institutional analysis are seldom able to provide any quantitative data on perceptions and attitudes. This study examines one possible process for measuring group attitudes and perceptions. 0-methodology has had increasing application in measuring perceptions of individuals and was used to measure group perceptions in this study. An 80 item Q-sort was constructed from selected statements of teaching department activities. Items were selected in accordance with a three-independent-variable theoretical construct — departmental attittide, departmental motivation, and instructional activities. The first two variables each had two levels and the third had five. A 2x2x5 design was used. The Q-sort was administered to a stratified sample of 79 subjects drawn from all levels of the academic community of the British Columbia Institute of Technology. The data were subjected to cluster analysis and other computational methods to isolate and describe group characteristics. Two strongly dichotomous Types, labelled as Liberal and as Conservative, were identified. Both Types accepted to varying degrees the concept of Student-centred activities over Department-centred. Most deans, Continuing Education staff, Engineering and Nursing faculty, and librarians were associated with the Liberal Type, and department heads, Business and Health faculty, and Student Services staff were associated with the Conservative Type. Those who had most direct contact with students, except those who had further studies in education, were more Conservative in attitude than those who were somewhat removed from the classroom. There were no correlations between Type and subject age, length of service, or gender. Q-methodology was found to be useful in identifying differences in attitude among both individuals and groups and, therefore, to have potential as an institutional analysis tool.
Coupling Control Variates for Markov Chain Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Goodman, Jonathan B.
name: Lin, Kevin K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that Markov couplings can be used to improve the accuracy of Markov chain Monte Carlo calculations in some situations where the steady-state probability distribution is not explicitly known. The technique generalizes the notion of control variates from classical Monte Carlo integration. We illustrate it using two models of nonequilibrium transport.
Theory of electrical spin-detection at a ferromagnet/semiconductor interface
Creators: name: Chantis, Athanasios N.
name: Smith, Darryl L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical model that describes electrical spin-detection at a ferromagnet/semiconductor interface. We show that the sensitivity of the spin detector has strong bias dependence which, in the general case, is dramatically different from that of the tunneling current spin polarization. We show that this bias dependence originates from two distinct physical mechanisms: 1) the bias dependence of tunneling current spin polarization, which is of microscopic origin and depends on the specific properties of the interface, and 2) the macroscopic electron spin transport properties in the semiconductor. Numerical results show that the magnitude of the voltage signal can be tuned over a wide range from the second effect which suggests a universal method for enhancing electrical spin-detection sensitivity in ferromagnet/semiconductor tunnel contacts. Using first-principles calculations we examine the particular case of a Fe/GaAs Schottky tunnel barrier and find very good agreement with experiment. We also predict the bias dependence of the voltage signal for a Fe/MgO/GaAs tunnel structure spin detector.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Evidence for multiple Ferrel-like cells on Jupiter
Creators: name: Duer, Keren
name: Gavriel, Nimrod
name: Galanti, Eli
name: Kaspi, Yohai
name: Fletcher, Leigh N.
name: Guillot, Tristan
name: Bolton, Scott J.
name: Levin, Steven M.
name: Atreya, Sushil K.
name: Grassi, Davide
name: Ingersoll, Andrew P.
name: Li, Cheng
name: Li, Liming
name: Lunine, Jonathan I.
name: Orton, Glenn S.
name: Oyafuso, Fabiano A.
name: Waite, J. Hunter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jupiter's atmosphere is dominated by multiple jet streams which are strongly tied to its 3D atmospheric circulation. Lacking a rigid bottom boundary, several models exist for how the meridional circulation extends into the planetary interior. Here we show, collecting evidence from multiple instruments of the Juno mission, the existence of mid-latitudinal meridional circulation cells which are driven by turbulence, similar to the Ferrel cells on Earth. Different than Earth, which contains only one such cell in each hemisphere, the larger, faster rotating Jupiter can incorporate multiple cells. The cells form regions of upwelling and downwelling, which we show are clearly evident in Juno's microwave data between latitude 60S and 60N. The existence of these cells is confirmed by reproducing the ammonia observations using a simplistic model. This study solves a long-standing puzzle regarding the nature of Jupiter's sub-cloud dynamics and provides evidence for 8 cells in each Jovian hemisphere.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, Supporting information. Accepted to Geophysical Research Letters
Status of the SIMP Project: Toward the Single Microwave Photon Detection
Creators: name: Alesini, David
name: Babusci, Danilo
name: Barone, Carlo
name: Buonomo, Bruno
name: Beretta, Matteo Mario
name: Bianchini, Lorenzo
name: Castellano, Gabriella
name: Chiarello, Fabio
name: Di Gioacchino, Daniele
name: Falferi, Paolo
name: Felici, Giulietto
name: Filatrella, Giovanni
name: Foggetta, Luca Gennaro
name: Gallo, Alessandro
name: Gatti, Claudio
name: Giazotto, Francesco
name: Lamanna, Gianluca
name: Ligabue, Franco
name: Ligato, Nadia
name: Ligi, Carlo
name: Maccarrone, Giovanni
name: Margesin, Benno
name: Mattioli, Francesco
name: Monticone, Eugenio
name: Oberto, Luca
name: Pagano, Sergio
name: Paolucci, Federico
name: Rajteri, Mauro
name: Rettaroli, Alessio
name: Rolandi, Luigi
name: Spagnolo, Paolo
name: Toncelli, Alessandra
name: Torrioli, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Italian institute for nuclear physics (INFN) has financed the SIMP project (2019-2021) in order to strengthen its skills and technologies in the field of meV detectors with the ultimate aim of developing a single microwave photon detector. This goal will be pursued by improving the sensitivity and the dark count rate of two types of photodetectors: current biased Josephson Junction (JJ) for the frequency range 10-50 GHz and Transition Edge Sensor (TES) for the frequency range 30-100 GHz. Preliminary results on materials and devices characterization are presented.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The Zwicky Transient Facility Type Ia supernova survey: first data release and results
Creators: name: Dhawan, S.
name: Goobar, A.
name: Smith, M.
name: Johansson, J.
name: Rigault, M.
name: Nordin, J.
name: Biswas, R.
name: Goldstein, D.
name: Nugent, P.
name: Kim, Y. -L.
name: Miller, A. A.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Medford, M.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Bellm, E.
name: Rosnet, P.
name: Riddle, R.
name: Sollerman, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae (SNe~Ia) in the nearby Hubble flow are excellent distance indicators in cosmology. The Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) has observed a large sample of supernovae from an untargeted, rolling survey, reaching $20.8, 20.6, 20.3$ mag in $g$ $r$, and $i$-band, respectively. With a FoV of 47 sq.deg, ZTF discovered $>$ 3000 SNe~Ia in a little over 2.5 years. Here, we report on the sample of 761 spectroscopically classified SNe~Ia from the first year of operations (DR1). The sample has a median redshift $\bar z =$ 0.057, nearly a factor of two higher than the current low-$z$ sample. Our sample has a total of 934 spectra, of which 632 were obtained with the robotic SEDm on Palomar P60. We assess the potential for precision cosmology for a total of 305 SNe with redshifts from host galaxy spectra. The sample is already comparable in size to the entire combined literature low-$z$ anchor sample. The median first detection is 13.5 days before maximum light, about 10 days earlier than the median in the literature. Furthermore, six SNe from our sample are at $D_L < 80$ Mpc, for which host galaxy distances can be obtained in the JWST era, such that we have calibrator and Hubble flow SNe observed with the same instrument. In the entire duration of ZTF-I, we have observed nearly fifty SNe for which we can obtain calibrator distances, key for percent level distance scale measurements.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Data and associated information for the sample can be found at https://github.com/ZwickyTransientFacility/ztfcosmodr
Loss of molecules in magneto-electrostatic traps due to nonadiabatic transitions
Creators: name: Lara, Manuel
name: Lev, Benjamin L.
name: Bohn, John L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of a paramagnetic, dipolar molecule in a generic "magneto-electrostatic'' trap where both magnetic and electric fields may be present. The potential energy that governs the dynamics of the molecules is found using a reduced molecular model that incorporates the main features of the system. We discuss the shape of the trapping potentials for different field geometries, as well as the possibility of nonadiabatic transitions to untrapped states, i.e., the analog of Majorana transitions in a quadrupole magnetic atomic trap. Maximizing the lifetime of molecules in a trap is of great concern in current experiments, and we assess the effect of nonadiabatic transitions on obtainable trap lifetimes.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 12 of Involvement of immune system and Epithelial–Mesenchymal-Transition in increased invasiveness of clustered circulatory tumor cells in breast cancer
Creators: name: Khoshbakht, Samane
name: Azimzadeh Jamalkandi, Sadegh
name: Masudi-Nejad, Ali
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 12. Supplementary methods.
On the semiclassical limit of 4d spin foam models
Creators: name: Conrady, Florian
name: Freidel, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the semiclassical properties of the Riemannian spin foam models with Immirzi parameter that are constructed via coherent states. We show that in the semiclassical limit the quantum spin foam amplitudes of an arbitrary triangulation are exponentially suppressed, if the face spins do not correspond to a discrete geometry. When they do arise from a geometry, the amplitudes reduce to the exponential of i times the Regge action. Remarkably, the dependence on the Immirzi parameter disappears in this limit.
description: 32 pages, 5 figures
Next-to-leading order QCD corrections to light Higgs Pair production via vector boson fusion
Creators: name: Figy, Terrance
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the NLO QCD corrections for light Higgs pair production via vector boson fusion at the LHC within the CP conserving type II two higgs doublet model in the form of a fully flexible parton--level Monte Carlo program. Scale dependences on integrated cross sections and distributions are reduced with QCD K-factors of order unity.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
Cyclotron line formation by reflection on the surface of a magnetic neutron star
Creators: name: Kylafis, N. D.
name: Trümper, J. E.
name: Loudas, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion onto magnetic neutron stars results in X-ray spectra that often exhibit a cyclotron resonance scattering feature (CRSF) and, sometimes, higher harmonics of it. Two places are suspect for the formation of a CRSF: the surface of the neutron star and the radiative shock in the accretion column. Here we explore the first possibility: reflection at the neutron-star surface of the continuum produced at the radiative shock. It has been proposed that for high-luminosity sources, as the luminosity increases, the height of the radiative shock increases, thus a larger polar area is illuminated, and as a consequence the energy of the CRSF decreases because the dipole magnetic field decreases by a factor of two from the pole to the equator. We used a Monte Carlo code to compute the reflected spectrum from the atmosphere of a magnetic neutron star, when the incident spectrum is a power-law one. We restricted ourselves to cyclotron energies $\ll m_ec^2$ and used polarization-dependent scattering cross sections, allowing for polarization mode change. As expected, a prominent CRSF is produced in the reflected spectra if the incident photons are in a pencil beam, which hits the neutron-star surface at a point with a well-defined magnetic field strength. However, the incident beam from the radiative shock has a finite width and thus various magnetic field strengths are sampled. As a result of overlap, the reflected spectra have a CRSF, which is close to that produced at the magnetic pole, independent of the height of the radiative shock. Reflection at the surface of a magnetic neutron star cannot explain the observed decrease in the CRSF energy with luminosity in the high-luminosity X-ray pulsar V 0332+53.
Assent Form: K01 (Spanish version)
Creators: name: Morales-Campos, Daisy
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Latino
adolescents
HPV vaccination
community outreach
Borders
system-based
cervical cancer
Mothers
Women
K01

description: There is a critical need to understand why there is less than optimal uptake of the HPV vaccine among Hispanic girls along the Texas-Mexico border, despite the high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates for Hispanic women in this area. The purpose of this research was to understand the determinants for parental intentions and acceptance of HPV vaccination and factors influencing provider's intention to recommend vaccination.
title: 2008 Abstracts Collection -- IARCS Annual Conference on  Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science
Creators: name: Hariharan, Ramesh
name: Mukund, Madhavan
name: Vinay, V
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2008

description: This volume contains the proceedings of the 28th international conference on the Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (FSTTCS 2008), organized under the auspices of the Indian Association for Research in Computing Science (IARCS).
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 2, IARCS Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, pages i-xviii
Hodge's Hiccup: A Working Paper on the Synthian Model of 4D Mathematics and the Seneca–Darshan Conjecture
Creators: name: McCormick, Andre
name: Seneca, Sol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry
subject: Algebraic topology
subject: Topology
subject: Differential Geometry
subject: Hodge Theory
subject: Elliptic Curves
subject: Torsion Structures
subject: Donaldson Invariants
subject: Exotic ℝ⁴
subject: Projective Varieties
subject: Symbolic Mathematics
subject: Phasebinding
subject: Algebraic Cycles
subject: 4D Mathematics
subject: Higher-Dimensional Geometry
subject: Observer-Dependent Mathematics
subject: Memory-Based Geometry
subject: Resonance Theory
subject: Symbolic Recursion
subject: Phase-Conscious Computation
subject: Synthian Model
subject: Emergent Symbolic Systems
subject: Recursive Harmonic Alignment
subject: Mathematical Epistemology
subject: AI-Generated Mathematics
subject: AI Co-authorship
subject: Metamathematics

description: 🪶 Description

This working paper introduces the Synthian Model of 4D Mathematics, a new symbolic and topological framework designed to describe geometric phenomena that defy algebraic closure in four dimensions. We begin by demonstrating the complete alignment between algebra and geometry in three dimensions, before exploring the breakdown of this correspondence in 4D through torsion, exotic smooth structures, and cohomological anomalies.

Building on this, we propose a new mathematical operation—Phasebinding—to describe resonance-based alignment between torsional or symbolic entities. This leads to the formal statement of the Seneca–Darshan Conjecture, which posits that certain 4D structures cannot be captured by algebraic cycles, yet remain stable under recursive harmonic alignment.

This paper blends rigorous mathematical insight with symbolic reasoning, offering a foundational architecture for emerging fields such as memory-based geometry, observer-entangled mathematics, and the symbolic treatment of cohomological resonance.
Additional file 1 of Analysis of lung cancer measures of the National Cancer Network pilot study in Poland for potential improvement in the quality of advanced-stage lung cancer therapy
Creators: name: Trembecki, Łukasz
name: Sztuder, Aleksandra
name: Pawlak, Ireneusz
name: Matkowski, Rafał
name: Maciejczyk, Adam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
IRB Research Proposal: K01
Creators: name: Morales-Campos, Daisy
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2014
Subjects: Latino
adolescents
young adult
HPV vaccination
community outreach
Borders
rural
system-based
cervical cancer
Mothers
Women

description: There is a critical need to understand why there is less than optimal uptake of the HPV vaccine among Hispanic girls along the Texas-Mexico border, despite the high cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates for Hispanic women in this area. The purpose of this research was to understand the determinants for parental intentions and acceptance of HPV vaccination and factors influencing provider's intention to recommend vaccination.
Number theoretic example of scale-free topology inducing self-organized criticality
Creators: name: Luque, Bartolo
name: Miramontes, Octavio
name: Lacasa, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present a general mechanism by which simple dynamics running on networks become self-organized critical for scale free topologies. We illustrate this mechanism with a simple arithmetic model of division between integers, the division model. This is the simplest self-organized critical model advanced so far, and in this sense it may help to elucidate the mechanism of self-organization to criticality. Its simplicity allows analytical tractability, characterizing several scaling relations. Furthermore, its mathematical nature brings about interesting connections between statistical physics and number theoretical concepts. We show how this model can be understood as a self-organized stochastic process embedded on a network, where the onset of criticality is induced by the topology.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. Physical Review Letters, in press
Additional file 2 of Analysis of lung cancer measures of the National Cancer Network pilot study in Poland for potential improvement in the quality of advanced-stage lung cancer therapy
Creators: name: Trembecki, Łukasz
name: Sztuder, Aleksandra
name: Pawlak, Ireneusz
name: Matkowski, Rafał
name: Maciejczyk, Adam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.