title: ÐÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ ÐÐÐ "ÐÐ°Ð·Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¢ÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ³Ð°Ð· Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³"
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Research of Fiber Optic Communication Defects Structure of Gazprom Transgaz St. Petersburg LLC
Creators: name: Ð¡ÐºÑÑÐ±Ð¸Ð½, ÐÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2021
Subjects: ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ¸ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ»Ð¾Ð¼Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ
Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸
Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ½Ð¾
Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÐºÐ°Ð±ÐµÐ»Ñ
Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐµÑÐ¸
Ð´ÐµÑÐµÐºÑÑ
ÑÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐµÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑ
refractive index
fiber optic communication line
optical fiber
optical cable
loss
defect
reflectometry
optical time domain reflectometer

description: ÐÐ° ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð¼ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÐºÑÑÐ¿Ð½ÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹. ÐÐµÐ²Ð¾ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¸Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ðº ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ¼ Ð¸ Ð¼Ð°Ð»Ð¾Ðµ Ð·Ð°ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¸Ð³Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð° Ð¿Ð¾Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð»ÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ Ð² Ð½ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ ÑÑÑÑÑ ÐºÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¾Ð², Ð° ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ - Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°Ð²Ð°ÑÑ Ð¾Ð³ÑÐ¾Ð¼Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐµÐ¼ Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½ÑÑ. ÐÐ´Ð½Ð°ÐºÐ¾ ÑÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÑÐµÐ±ÑÐµÑ ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¾Ð»Ñ Ð½Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð»ÑÐºÐ¾ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ðµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸, Ð½Ð¾ Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ðµ ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÐ»Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÐµÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐµÐ±Ð¾Ð¹Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¸ ÐºÐ°ÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÐ¸ Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸, Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾ Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÑ Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±ÐµÐ½Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ Ð¸ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð², ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐµ Ð¼Ð¾Ð³ÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ½ÑÑÑ Ð² ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Ð²Ð¾Ð»Ð¾ÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾-Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸. ÐÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ²ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´ÐµÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¸ Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸. Ð ÑÐ¾Ð´Ðµ Ð´Ð¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¾Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ° Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð° Ð´ÐµÐ¹ÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸ Ð·Ð° 6-ÑÐ¸Ð»ÐµÑÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð´ ÐµÐµ ÑÐºÑÐ¿Ð»ÑÐ°ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸. Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½ Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð¾Ð±Ð·Ð¾Ñ Ð²Ð¾Ð·Ð¼Ð¾Ð¶Ð½ÑÑ Ð´ÐµÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð² Ð½Ð° Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸, Ð¸Ñ Ð²Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð½Ð° Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÑÐºÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ñ Ð¸Ñ Ð¾Ð±Ð½Ð°ÑÑÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ, Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¸Ð½ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾ Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°Ð»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ ÑÐ²ÑÐ·Ð¸, Ð¾Ð¿Ð¸ÑÐ°Ð½ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐµÐ´ÑÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ñ ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼ÑÐ»Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ñ Ð²ÑÐ²Ð¾Ð´Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ñ Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ð¸Ð¸.
description: Today, fibre-optic communication systems are the most efficient way of transmitting information to large enterprises. Resistance to electromagnetic fields and low signal attenuation allows you to create a protected communication line with a length of several thousand kilometers, and a wide bandwidth - to transmit a huge amount of data. However, such a system requires careful control not only during the design phase of the line, but also during the operation phase. To ensure uninterrupted and high-quality transmission of information, it is necessary to know the features and structure of various defects that can occur during the operation of the fiber-optic communication line. This work is devoted to the study of defects and their impact on the main communication line. During the diploma project, the existing main communication line for the 6-year period of its operation was investigated and analyzed. The paper includes a literary review of possible defects on the communication line, their impact on throughput and methods of their detection, information on main communication lines is given, the method of line investigation is described. Results and conclusions on line analysis are presented.