cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mice with a Mutation in the Mdm2 Gene That Interferes with MDM2/Ribosomal Protein Binding Develop a Defect in Erythropoiesis
Creators: name: Kamio, Takuya
name: Mason, Philip J.
name: Gu, Bai-Wei
name: Zhang, Yanping
name: Bessler, Monica
name: Olson, Timothy S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: MDM2, an E3 ubiquitin ligase, is an important negative regulator of tumor suppressor p53. In turn the Mdm2 gene is a transcriptional target of p53, forming a negative feedback loop that is important in cell cycle control. It has recently become apparent that the ubiquitination of p53 by MDM2 can be inhibited when certain ribosomal proteins, including RPL5 and RPL11, bind to MDM2. This inhibition, and the resulting increase in p53 levels has been proposed to be responsible for the red cell aplasia seen in Diamond-Blackfan anemia (DBA) and in 5q- myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). DBA and 5q- MDS are associated with inherited (DBA) or acquired (5q- MDS) haploinsufficiency of ribosomal proteins. A mutation in Mdm2 causing a C305F amino acid substitution blocks the binding of ribosomal proteins. Mice harboring this mutation (Mdm2C305F), retain a normal p53 response to DNA damage, but lack the p53 response to perturbations in ribosome biogenesis. While studying the interaction between RP haploinsufficiency and the Mdm2C305F mutation we noticed that Mdm2C305F homozygous mice had altered hematopoiesis. These mice developed a mild macrocytic anemia with reticulocytosis. In the bone marrow (BM), these mice showed a significant decrease in Ter119hi cells compared to wild type (WT) littermates, while no decrease in the number of mature erythroid cells (Ter119hiCD71low) was found in the spleen, which showed compensated bone marrow hematopoiesis. In methylcellulose cultures, BFU-E colonies from the mutant mice were slightly reduced in number and there was a significant reduction in CFU-E colony numbers in mutant mice compared with WT controls (p < 0.01). This erythropoietic defect was abrogated by concomitant p53 deficiency (Trp53ko/ko). Further investigation revealed that in Mdm2C305F animals, there was a decrease in Lin-Sca-1+c-Kit+ (LSK) cells, accompanied by significant decreases in multipotent progenitor (MPP) cells (p < 0.01). Competitive BM repopulation experiments showed that donor BM harboring the Mdm2C305F mutation possessed decreased repopulation capacity compared to WT BM, suggesting a functional stem cell deficit. These results suggest that there is a fine tuned balance in the interaction of ribosomal proteins with the MDM2/p53 axis which is important in normal hematopoiesis.
Deinodon explanatus Cope 1876
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Tyrannosauridae
Deinodon
Deinodon explanatus

description: Deinodon explanatus, Cope. (sp.) Plate XV, ﬁgs. 11 and 12. Laelaps explanatus, Cope. 1876. Proa. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadel., vol. xxviii, p. 249. A small tooth agreeing with Cope's description. The posterior concave edge is minutely denticulated throughout its length. The convex edge, in its apical half, is still more minutely serrate. One side is almost ﬂat, the other gently convex. [table omitted] Belly River series, Red Deer river, 1901. Many small teeth of the Megalosauroid type have been collected from these beds. Probably some of them Will be found to belong to other species of this genus described by Cope.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on pages 49-50, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Automatic continuity of biorthogonality preservers between weakly compact JB$^*$-triples and atomic JBW$^*$-triples
Creators: name: Burgos, María
name: Garcés, Jorge J.
name: Peralta, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that every biorthogonality preserving linear surjection from a weakly compact JB$^*$triple containing no infinite dimensional rank-one summands onto another JB$^*$-triple is automatically continuous. We also show that every biorthogonality preserving linear surjection between atomic JBW$^*$triples containing no infinite dimensional rank-one summands is automatically continuous. Consequently, two atomic JBW$^*$-triples containing no rank-one summands are isomorphic if, and only if, there exists a (non necessarily continuous) biorthogonality preserving linear surjection between them.
Drag induced radiative loss from semi-hard heavy quarks
Creators: name: Abir, Raktim
name: Majumder, Abhijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The case of gluon bremsstrahlung off a heavy quark in extended nuclear matter is revisited within the higher twist formalism. In particular, the in-medium modification of "semi-hard" heavy quarks is studied, where the momentum of the heavy quark is larger but comparable to the mass of the heavy quark ($p \gtrsim M$). In contrast to all prior calculations, where the gluon emission spectrum is entirely controlled by the transverse momentum diffusion parameter ($\hat q$), both for light and heavy quarks, in this work, we demonstrate that the gluon emission spectrum for a heavy quark (unlike that for flavors) is also sensitive to $\hat e$, which so far has been used to quantify the amount of light-cone drag experienced by a parton. This mass dependent effect, due to the non-light-like momentum of a semi-hard heavy-quark, leads to an additional energy loss term for heavy-quarks, while resulting in a negligible modification of light flavor (and high energy heavy flavor) loss. This result can be used to estimate the value of this sub-leading non-perturbative jet transport parameter ($\hat e$) from heavy flavor suppression in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions.
description: Updated version
Astrometry in two-photon interferometry using Earth rotation fringe scan
Creators: name: Chen, Zhi
name: Nomerotski, Andrei
name: Slosar, Anže
name: Stankus, Paul
name: Vintskevich, Stephen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical interferometers may not require a phase-stable optical link between the stations if instead sources of quantum-mechanically entangled pairs could be provided to them, enabling long baselines. We developed a new variation of this idea, proposing that photons from two different astronomical sources could be interfered at two decoupled stations. Interference products can then be calculated in post-processing or requiring only a slow, classical connection between stations. In this work, we investigated practical feasibility of this approach. We developed a Bayesian analysis method for the earth rotation fringe scanning technique and showed that in the limit of high signal-to-noise ratio it reproduced the results from a simple Fisher matrix analysis. We identify candidate stair pairs in the northern hemisphere, where this technique could be applied. With two telescopes with an effective collecting area of $\sim 2$ m$^2$, we could detect fringing and measure the astrometric separation of the sources at $\sim 10\,μ$as precision in a few hours of observations, in agreement with previous estimates.
description: Currently accepted to PRD
Migration, Remittances and Nutrition Outcomes of Left-Behind Children: A National-Level Quantitative Assessment of Guatemala
Creators: name: Davis, Jason
name: Brazil, Noli
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Historically, Guatemalans have suffered high rates of poverty and malnutrition while nearly ten percent of their population resides abroad. Many Guatemalan parents use economic migration, mainly international migration to the United States, as a means to improve the human capital prospects of their children. However, as this investigation shows, the timing of migration events in relation to left-behind children’s ages has important, often negative and likely permanent, repercussions on the physical development of their children. To illustrate these dynamics, this investigation uses an instrumental variables framework to disentangle the countervailing effects of Guatemalan fathers’ absences due to migration from concomitant remittances on left-behind children’s growth outcomes. Based on national-level data collected in 2000, the investigation reveals that the international migration of a father in the previous year is correlated with a 22.1% lower length/height-for-age z-score for the average left-behind child aged ≤ 3. In contrast, the receipt of remittance income has no influence on the physical stature of a child, which may indicate that migrant fathers with young children are not able to achieve economic success soon enough during their ventures abroad to fully ameliorate the harmful effects caused by their absences.
Solar System Constraints on Disformal Gravity Theories
Creators: name: Ip, Hiu Yan
name: Sakstein, Jeremy
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disformal theories of gravity are scalar-tensor theories where the scalar couples derivatively to matter via the Jordan frame metric. These models have recently attracted interest in the cosmological context since they admit accelerating solutions. We derive the solution for a static isolated mass in generic disformal gravity theories and transform it into the parameterised post-Newtonian form. This allows us to investigate constraints placed on such theories by local tests of gravity. The tightest constraints come from preferred-frame effects due to the motion of the Solar System with respect to the evolving cosmological background field. The constraints we obtain improve upon the previous solar system constraints by two orders of magnitude, and constrain the scale of the disformal coupling for generic models to $\mathcal{M} \gtrsim 100$ eV. These constraints render all disformal effects irrelevant for cosmology.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures v2: Added discussion of implications for cosmology in Sec. 5.2. Version accepted by JCAP. v3: Corrected minor typos
A dynamical definition of the sphere of influence of the Earth
Creators: name: Cavallari, Irene
name: Grassi, Clara
name: Gronchi, Giovanni F.
name: Baù, Giulio
name: Valsecchi, Giovanni B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The concept of sphere of influence of a planet is useful in both the context of impact monitoring of asteroids with the Earth and of the design of interplanetary trajectories for spacecrafts. After reviewing the classical results, we propose a new definition for this sphere that depends on the position and velocity of the small body for given values of the Jacobi constant $C$. Here we compare the orbit of the small body obtained in the framework of the circular restricted three-body problem, with orbits obtained by patching two-body solutions. Our definition is based on an optimisation process, minimizing a suitable target function with respect to the assumed radius of the sphere of influence. For different values of $C$ we represent the results in the planar case: we show the values of the selected radius as a function of two angles characterising the orbit. In this case, we also produce a database of radii of the sphere of influence for several initial conditions, allowing an interpolation.
description: 35 pages, 32 figures
Residual Dynamic Mode Decomposition: Robust and verified Koopmanism
Creators: name: Colbrook, Matthew J.
name: Ayton, Lorna J.
name: Szőke, Máté
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Dynamic Mode Decomposition (DMD) describes complex dynamic processes through a hierarchy of simpler coherent features. DMD is regularly used to understand the fundamental characteristics of turbulence and is closely related to Koopman operators. However, verifying the decomposition, equivalently the computed spectral features of Koopman operators, remains a major challenge due to the infinite-dimensional nature of Koopman operators. Challenges include spurious (unphysical) modes, and dealing with continuous spectra, both of which occur regularly in turbulent flows. Residual Dynamic Mode Decomposition (ResDMD), introduced by (Colbrook & Townsend 2021), overcomes some of these challenges through the data-driven computation of residuals associated with the full infinite-dimensional Koopman operator. ResDMD computes spectra and pseudospectra of general Koopman operators with error control, and computes smoothed approximations of spectral measures (including continuous spectra) with explicit high-order convergence theorems. ResDMD thus provides robust and verified Koopmanism. We implement ResDMD and demonstrate its application in a variety of fluid dynamic situations, at varying Reynolds numbers, arising from both numerical and experimental data. Examples include: vortex shedding behind a cylinder; hot-wire data acquired in a turbulent boundary layer; particle image velocimetry data focusing on a wall-jet flow; and acoustic pressure signals of laser-induced plasma. We present some advantages of ResDMD, namely, the ability to verifiably resolve non-linear, transient modes, and spectral calculation with reduced broadening effects. We also discuss how a new modal ordering based on residuals enables greater accuracy with a smaller dictionary than the traditional modulus ordering. This paves the way for greater dynamic compression of large datasets without sacrificing accuracy.
Multi-Drug Resistance Transporters and a Mechanism-Based Strategy for Assessing Risks of Pesticide Combinations to Honey Bees
Creators: name: Hawthorne, David J.
name: VanEngelsdorp, Dennis
name: Dively, Galen P.
name: Evans, Jay D.
name: Pettis, Jeffrey S.
name: Kunkle, Grace
name: Guseman, Alex J.
name: Miller, Kaliah
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Annual losses of honey bee colonies remain high and pesticide exposure is one possible cause. Dangerous combinations of pesticides, plant-produced compounds and antibiotics added to hives may cause or contribute to losses, but it is very difficult to test the many combinations of those compounds that bees encounter. We propose a mechanism-based strategy for simplifying the assessment of combinations of compounds, focusing here on compounds that interact with xenobiotic handling ABC transporters. We evaluate the use of ivermectin as a model substrate for these transporters. Compounds that increase sensitivity of bees to ivermectin may be inhibiting key transporters. We show that several compounds commonly encountered by honey bees (fumagillin, Pristine, quercetin) significantly increased honey bee mortality due to ivermectin and significantly reduced the LC50 of ivermectin suggesting that they may interfere with transporter function. These inhibitors also significantly increased honey bees sensitivity to the neonicotinoid insecticide acetamiprid. This mechanism-based strategy may dramatically reduce the number of tests needed to assess the possibility of adverse combinations among pesticides. We also demonstrate an in vivo transporter assay that provides physical evidence of transporter inhibition by tracking the dynamics of a fluorescent substrate of these transporters (Rhodamine B) in bee tissues. Significantly more Rhodamine B remains in the head and hemolymph of bees pretreated with higher concentrations of the transporter inhibitor verapamil. Mechanism-based strategies for simplifying the assessment of adverse chemical interactions such as described here could improve our ability to identify those combinations that pose significantly greater risk to bees and perhaps improve the risk assessment protocols for honey bees and similar sensitive species.
Floquet theory and computational method for the optical absorption of laser-dressed solids
Creators: name: Tiwari, Vishal
name: Gu, Bing
name: Franco, Ignacio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in laser technology now enable engineering the electronic structure of matter through strong light-matter interactions. However, the effective physicochemical properties of these laser-dressed nonequilibrium materials are not well understood. Here we develop a general theory that now enables modeling and interpreting the linear optical absorption of solids that are dressed by light of arbitrary strength and photon energy. The theory applies to any crystalline solid and quantum materials. In the theory, the dressing of Bloch electrons by the driving laser is treated exactly using Floquet theory. The effective optical properties of this laser-dressed material are probed through a weak laser whose effects are captured to first order in perturbation theory. Remarkably, in this nonequilibrium system the time- and space-periodic Floquet-Bloch modes play the role of the pristine eigenstates of matter as the optical absorption is seen to emerge from transitions among them. We implement the theoretical framework into a code FloqticS: Floquet optics in Solids) available through Github. To isolate the emergent phenomenology, we performed computations in a model solid with a cosine-shaped lattice potential driven by strong nonresonant light. The computations recover the dynamical Franz-Keldysh effect and identify novel dramatic changes in the optical absorption upon increasing the amplitude of the driving laser. The Floquet replicas open absorption sidebands separated by integer multiples of the drive photon energy. The hybridization of the Floquet-Bloch modes, create intense low-frequency absorption and stimulated emissions, and dips in the absorption spectrum. We assign these emerging effects as purely-optical tell-tale signatures of the Floquet-Bloch modes. These advances can be used to model, control and characterize the response properties of laser-dressed materials.
Kondo nanomechanical dissipation in the driven Anderson impurity model
Creators: name: Kohn, Lucas
name: Santoro, Giuseppe E.
name: Fabrizio, Michele
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cyclic sudden switching of a magnetic impurity from Kondo to a non-Kondo state and back was recently shown to involve an important dissipation of the order of several $k_BT_K$ per cycle. The possibility to reveal this and other electronic processes through nanomechanical dissipation by e.g., ultrasensitive Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) tools currently represents an unusual and interesting form of spectroscopy. Here we explore the dependence on the switching time of the expected dissipation, a quantity whose magnitude is physically expected to drop from maximum to zero between sudden and slow switching, respectively. By applying a recently established matrix-product-state based time-dependent variational algorithm to the magnetic field-induced Kondo switching in an Anderson model of the magnetic impurity, we find that dissipation requires switching within the Kondo time scale $\hbar(k_B T_K)^{-1}$ or faster. While such a fast switching seems problematic for current AFM setups, the challenge is open for future means to detect this dissipation by time-dependent magnetic fields, electrostatic impurity level shift, or hybridization switching.
Revealing intrinsic superconductivity of the Nb/BiSbTe$_2$Se interface
Creators: name: Kudriashov, Andrei
name: Babich, Ian
name: Hovhannisyan, Razmik A.
name: Shishkin, Andrey G.
name: Kozlov, Sergei N.
name: Fedorov, Alexander
name: Vyalikh, Denis V.
name: Khestanova, Ekaterina
name: Kupriyanov, Mikhail Yu.
name: Stolyarov, Vasily S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Typically, topological superconductivity is reachable via proximity effect by a direct deposition of superconductor (S) on top of a topological insulator (TI) surface. Here we observed and analyzed the double critical current in the Josephson junctions based on the topological insulator in the fabricated planar Superconducting Quantum Interference Device. By measuring critical currents as a function of temperature and magnetic field, we show that the second critical current stems from the intrinsic superconductivity of the S/TI interface, which is supported by the modified Resistively Shunted Junction model and Transmission Electron Microscopy studies. This complex structure of the interface should be taken into account when technological process involves Ar-plasma cleaning.
Runtime Analyses of Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithms in the Presence of Noise
Creators: name: Dinot, Matthieu
name: Doerr, Benjamin
name: Hennebelle, Ulysse
name: Will, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In single-objective optimization, it is well known that evolutionary algorithms also without further adjustments can tolerate a certain amount of noise in the evaluation of the objective function. In contrast, this question is not at all understood for multi-objective optimization. In this work, we conduct the first mathematical runtime analysis of a simple multi-objective evolutionary algorithm (MOEA) on a classic benchmark in the presence of noise in the objective functions. We prove that when bit-wise prior noise with rate $p \le α/n$, $α$ a suitable constant, is present, the \emph{simple evolutionary multi-objective optimizer} (SEMO) without any adjustments to cope with noise finds the Pareto front of the OneMinMax benchmark in time $O(n^2\log n)$, just as in the case without noise. Given that the problem here is to arrive at a population consisting of $n+1$ individuals witnessing the Pareto front, this is a surprisingly strong robustness to noise (comparably simple evolutionary algorithms cannot optimize the single-objective OneMax problem in polynomial time when $p = ω(\log(n)/n)$). Our proofs suggest that the strong robustness of the MOEA stems from its implicit diversity mechanism designed to enable it to compute a population covering the whole Pareto front. Interestingly this result only holds when the objective value of a solution is determined only once and the algorithm from that point on works with this, possibly noisy, objective value. We prove that when all solutions are reevaluated in each iteration, then any noise rate $p = ω(\log(n)/n^2)$ leads to a super-polynomial runtime. This is very different from single-objective optimization, where it is generally preferred to reevaluate solutions whenever their fitness is important and where examples are known such that not reevaluating solutions can lead to catastrophic performance losses.
description: Appears at IJCAI 2023
Palaeoscincus costatus Leidy 1857
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Stegosauridae
Palaeoscincus
Palaeoscincus costatus

description: Palaeoscincus costatus, Leidy. Palaeoscincus costatus, Leidy. 1857. Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadcl., vol. viii, p. 72, and 1860, Trans. Amer. Philos. Soc. Extinct Vertebrata from the Judith river and Great Lignite formations of Nebraska, p. 146, pl. 9, figs. 49-52. In the collections are a few teeth that cannot be distinguished from the one ﬁgured by Leidy in the latter of the above two publications. Of these, an average speeimen is of the same size as the type and has the same number of serrations. As the erowns of some are worn the exact number of serrations that the tooth had originally cannot always be ascertained. Their sides are smooth. They seem to vary little in form but are proportionately thicker, near the base of the crown, than the type. Belly River series, Red Deer river below Berry creek, 1901.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on pages 53-54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
Hybridization of first and second sound in a weakly-interacting Bose gas
Creators: name: Verney, Lucas
name: Pitaevskii, Lev
name: Stringari, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Landau's theory of two-fluid hydrodynamics we investigate the sound modes propagating in a uniform weakly-interacting superfluid Bose gas for values of temperature, up to the critical point. In order to evaluate the relevant thermodynamic functions needed to solve the hydrodynamic equations, including the temperature dependence of the superfluid density, we use Bogoliubov theory at low temperatures and the results of a perturbative approach based on Beliaev diagrammatic technique at higher temperatures. Special focus is given on the hybridization phenomenon between first and second sound which occurs at low temperatures of the order of the interaction energy and we discuss explicitly the behavior of the two sound velocities near the hybridization point.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
An improved fringe-region technique for the representation of gravity waves in large-eddy simulation with application to wind farms
Creators: name: Lanzilao, Luca
name: Meyers, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-eddy simulations of the atmospheric boundary layer are often performed using pseudo-spectral methods, which adopt a fringe-region approach to introduce inflow boundary conditions. However, we notice that a standard fringe-region technique excites spurious gravity waves when stratified atmospheres are considered, therefore enhancing the amount of energy reflected from the top of the domain and perturbing the velocity and pressure fields downstream. In this work, we develop a new fringe-region method that imposes the inflow conditions while limiting spurious effects on the surrounding flow. This is achieved by locally damping the convective term in the vertical momentum equation. We first apply the standard and wave-free fringe-region techniques to two-dimensional inviscid-flow simulations subjected to 169 different atmospheric states. A similar study is performed on a three-dimensional domain using a couple of atmospheric states. In all cases, the new fringe-region technique outperforms the standard method, imposing the inflow conditions with a minimal impact on the surrounding flow. Moreover, we also investigate the performance of two already existing non-reflective upper boundary conditions, that is a Rayleigh damping layer (RDL) and a radiation condition (RC). Results highlight the importance of carefully tuning the RDL to limit the distortion of the numerical solution. Also, we find that the tuned RDL outperforms the RC in all cases. Finally, the tuned RDL together with the wave-free fringe-region method are applied to an LES of a wind farm operating in a conventionally neutral boundary layer, for which we measure a reflectivity of only 0.75%.
Real-time and Robust Feature Detection of Continuous Marker Pattern for Dense 3-D Deformation Measurement
Creators: name: Li, Mingxuan
name: Zhou, Yen Hang
name: Li, Liemin
name: Jiang, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visuotactile sensing technology has received much attention in recent years. This article proposes a feature detection method applicable to visuotactile sensors based on continuous marker patterns (CMP) to measure 3-d deformation. First, we construct the feature model of checkerboard-like corners under contact deformation, and design a novel double-layer circular sampler. Then, we propose the judging criteria and response function of corner features by analyzing sampling signals' amplitude-frequency characteristics and circular cross-correlation behavior. The proposed feature detection algorithm fully considers the boundary characteristics retained by the corners with geometric distortion, thus enabling reliable detection at a low calculation cost. The experimental results show that the proposed method has significant advantages in terms of real-time and robustness. Finally, we have achieved the high-density 3-d contact deformation visualization based on this detection method. This technique is able to clearly record the process of contact deformation, thus enabling inverse sensing of dynamic contact processes.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures. Submitted to Measurement
High-resolution spectroscopy of single Pr$^{3+}$ ions on the $^3$H$_4$-$^1$D$_2$ transition
Creators: name: Eichhammer, Emanuel
name: Utikal, Tobias
name: Götzinger, Stephan
name: Sandoghdar, Vahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare earth ions in crystals exhibit narrow spectral features and hyperfine-split ground states with exceptionally long coherence times. These features make them ideal platforms for quantum information processing in the solid state. Recently, we reported on the first high-resolution spectroscopy of single Pr$^{3+}$ ions in yttrium orthosilicate (YSO) nanocrystals. While in that work we examined the less explored $^3$H$_4$-$^3$P$_0$ transition at a wavelength of 488 nm, here we extend our investigations to the $^3$H$_4$-$^1$D$_2$ transition at 606 nm. In addition, we present measurements of the second-order autocorrelation function, fluorescence lifetime, and emission spectra of single ions as well as their polarization dependencies on both transitions; these data were not within the reach of the first experiments reported earlier. Furthermore, we show that by a proper choice of the crystallite, one can obtain narrower spectral lines and, thus, resolve the hyperfine levels of the excited state. We expect our results to make single-ion spectroscopy accessible to a larger scientific community.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
title: Leitfaden zur Vereinbarung eines Kooperationskontrakts
title: Arbeitsheft der Regelschullehrkraft und der Lehrkraft für sonderpädagogische Förderung
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Krause, Katharina
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Lehrkräfte
subject: Teamarbeit
subject: Kooperation
subject: Kooperationskontrakt
subject: Kommunikation
subject: Vereinbarung
subject: Inklusion
subject: 360
subject: 370
subject: Lehrer
subject: Teamwork
subject: Kooperation
subject: Kommunikation
subject: Inklusion

description: Das Instrument „Leitfaden zur Vereinbarung eines Kooperationskontrakts“ wurde in Anlehnung an die „Reflexionsinstrumente für kooperativ arbeitende Teams" von Lütje-Klose und Willenbring (1999) im Rahmen einer Masterarbeit (Krause, 2016) entwickelt, um die Qualität der Kooperation zwischen Regelschullehrkräften und Lehrkräften für sonderpädagogische Förderung zu steigern und Herausforderungen inklusiver Schulentwicklung besser gerecht werden zu können. Der Kontraktleitfaden dient dazu, im Zweierteam über eigene Vorstellungen, Wünsche und Verbesserungsmöglichkeiten bezüglich der Zusammenarbeit auf der Persönlichkeits-, Beziehungs-, Sach- und Organisationsebene miteinander ins Gespräch zu kommen und sich auf gemeinsame Ziele, Aufgabenverteilungen und Vorgehensweisen zu verständigen. Sinnvoll erscheint der Einsatz zu Beginn einer neuen Kooperation zwischen Lehrkräften, die über einen längeren Zeitraum hinweg relativ häufig in der Woche zusammenarbeiten; das Instrument kann aber auch darüber hinaus eingesetzt werden. Vorstellbar sind auch Einsatzmöglichkeiten in Kooperationen mit mehr als zwei Personen oder in Adaption zwischen anderen an Schule beteiligten Professionen. Empfohlen wird eine gemeinsame Bearbeitungszeit von ungefähr zwei Stunden, bei der jede Lehrkraft ein Exemplar des Arbeitsheftes erhält. Es sind jedoch auch flexible Anwendungsmöglichkeiten denkbar, wie die folgenden Vorschläge zeigen (Krause, 2016). 1. Das Team wählt selbst einzelne Aufgaben aus dem Leitfaden aus, die es bearbeiten und in den Kooperationskontrakt mitaufnehmen möchte. 2. Auf der Grundlage von prädiagnostisch identifiziertem Handlungsbedarf in bestimmten Bereichen der Zusammenarbeit (z.B. mithilfe des Fragebogens zur Arbeit im Team; Kauffeld, 2004) wird dem Team eine gezielte Auswahl an Leitfragenaufgaben zur gemeinsamen Bearbeitung vorgelegt, die dann genau auf den derzeitigen Teamentwicklungsstand abgestimmt ist. 3. Im Rahmen von pädagogischen Fortbildungen oder Schulentwicklungstagen wird den Teammitgliedern ausreichend Zeit gewährt, um in Ruhe alle Aufgaben des Leitfadens gemeinsam bearbeiten zu können.
Spontaneous spin selectivity in chiral molecules at the interface
Creators: name: Kondou, Kouta
name: Miwa, Shinji
name: Miyajima, Daigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chirality-induced spin selectivity (CISS) has been extensively studied over the past two decades. While current-induced spin polarization in chiral molecules is widely recognized as the fundamental principle of the CISS, only a few studies have been reported on bias-current-free CISS, where there is no bias electric current in chiral molecules. Recent studies on the chirality-induced exchange bias and current-in-plane magnetoresistance (CIP-MR) effects using chiral molecule/ferromagnet bilayer systems indicate that chiral molecules at the interface possess thermally driven broken-time-reversal symmetry, which induces bias-current-free CISS, i.e. a spontaneous effective magnetic field in the system. In this paper, we briefly review CISS-related phenomena in terms of the symmetry and discuss the mechanism of bias-current-free CISS. We also discuss the possibility of the linear magnetoelectric effect of chiral molecules, which arises from the spin polarization at the edges of molecules with metallic contacts, and its potential impact on the observed CISS phenomena.
SN2020qlb: A hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova with well-characterized light curve undulations
Creators: name: West, S. L.
name: Lunnan, R.
name: Omand, C. M. B.
name: Kangas, T.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Strotjohann, N.
name: Yang, S.
name: Fransson, C.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Perley, D.
name: Yan, L.
name: Chen, T. -W.
name: Chen, Z. H.
name: Taggart, K.
name: Fremling, C.
name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Drake, A.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Laher, R.
name: Medford, M. S.
name: Neill, J. D.
name: Riddle, R.
name: Shupe, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN\,2020qlb (ZTF20abobpcb) is a hydrogen-poor superluminous supernova (SLSN-I) that is among the most luminous (maximum M$_{g} = -22.25$ mag) and that has one of the longest rise times (77 days from explosion to maximum). We estimate the total radiated energy to be $>2.1\times10^{51}$ erg. SN\,2020qlb has a well-sampled light curve that exhibits clear near and post peak undulations, a phenomenon seen in other SLSNe, whose physical origin is still unknown. We discuss the potential power source of this immense explosion as well as the mechanisms behind its observed light curve undulations. We analyze photospheric spectra and compare them to other SLSNe-I. We constructed the bolometric light curve using photometry from a large data set of observations from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF), Liverpool Telescope (LT), and Neil Gehrels Swift Observatory and compare it with radioactive, circumstellar interaction and magnetar models. Model residuals and light curve polynomial fit residuals are analyzed to estimate the undulation timescale and amplitude. We also determine host galaxy properties based on imaging and spectroscopy data, including a detection of the [O III]$λ$4363, auroral line, allowing for a direct metallicity measurement. We rule out the Arnett $^{56}$Ni decay model for SN\,2020qlb's light curve due to unphysical parameter results. Our most favored power source is the magnetic dipole spin-down energy deposition of a magnetar. Two to three near peak oscillations, intriguingly similar to those of SN\,2015bn, were found in the magnetar model residuals with a timescale of $32\pm6$ days and an amplitude of 6$\%$ of peak luminosity. We rule out centrally located undulation sources due to timescale considerations; and we favor the result of ejecta interactions with circumstellar material (CSM) density fluctuations as the source of the undulations.
description: 22 pages, 25 figures, submitted to A&A
Transverse and longitudinal vibrations in amorphous silicon
Creators: name: Beltukov, Y. M.
name: Fusco, C.
name: Tanguy, A.
name: Parshin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that harmonic vibrations in amorphous silicon can be decomposed to transverse and longitudinal components in all frequency range even in the absence of the well defined wave vector ${\bf q}$. For this purpose we define the transverse component of the eigenvector with given $ω$ as a component, which does not change the volumes of Voronoi cells around atoms. The longitudinal component is the remaining orthogonal component. We have found the longitudinal and transverse components of the vibrational density of states for numerical model of amorphous silicon. The vibrations are mostly transverse below 7 THz and above 15 THz. In the frequency interval in between the vibrations have a longitudinal nature. Just this sudden transformation of vibrations at 7 THz from almost transverse to almost longitudinal ones explains the prominent peak in the diffusivity of the amorphous silicon just above 7 THz.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Natural Polymorphisms Conferring Resistance to HCV Protease and Polymerase Inhibitors in Treatment-Naïve HIV/HCV Co-Infected Patients in China
Creators: name: Ning, Chuanyi
name: Wang, Charles
name: Lan, Yun
name: Hu, Fengyu
name: Cai, Weiping
name: Liang, Zhiwei
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
name: Tang, Xiaoping
name: Zhou, Kali
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The advent of direct-acting agents (DAAs) has improved treatment of HCV in HIV co-infection, but may be limited by primary drug resistance. This study reports the prevalence of natural polymorphisms conferring resistance to NS3/4A protease inhibitors and NS5B polymerase inhibitors in treatment-naïve HIV/HCV co-infected individuals in China.
Palaeoscincus asper Lambe 1902
Creators: name: Lambe L., M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1902
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Stegosauridae
Palaeoscincus
Palaeoscincus asper

description: Palaeoscincus asper. Sp. nov. Plate XVII, ﬁg. 5. The tooth for which the above name is proposed is in the form of a laterally compressed cone, with a serrate edge and rugose sides. The root was evidently cylindrical but has been broken off close to the base of the crown. One side of the crown is more rugosely striated and ﬂatter than the other which is decidedly convex. The trenchant edge has eighteen serrations, ﬁfteen only of which are seen in a side view, as the last three on the right (as ﬁgured) are paired with three others of equally small size. The groove separating these three pairs is deep and decided. The other end of the tooth is flattened in an almost vertical direction; here the serrations curve toward the side of the greater rugosity. The broad apical denticle is the one that shows the most wear. The base of the crown is evenly rounded below to meet the fang. This tooth differs materially from others of the genus described by Leidy and Marsh. The serrations are more numerous, the sides more conspicuously ridged, Whilst the double row of denticles at one end of the cutting edge, besides being novel, is most interesting and instructive, in that it is suggestive of a progressive step toward the development of a double row of tubercles such as is found in the molars of the Multituberculates. The speciﬁc name here suggested has reference to the rough sides of the crown of the tooth. Measurements Belly River series, below Berry creek, 1901.
description: Published as part of Lambe L. M., 1902, New genera and species from the Belly River Series (mid-Cretaceous), pp. 25-81 in Geological Survey of Canada Contributions to Canadian Palaeontology 3 on page 54, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3233762
title: Behandlung von Harnröhrenstrikturen bei Patienten mit einer Hypospadie in der Vorgeschichte
Creators: name: Kunz, Inga
name: Peters, Christian
name: Baschek, Rainer
name: Vogel, Anne
name: Vanberg, Michaela
name: Krege, Susanne
name: Kröpfl, Darko
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Auch viele Jahre nach der Hypospadie-Operation (HYP) kann es zu Strikturen (ST) der Neourethra kommen. Solche Patienten sind bedingt durch die häufig begleitenden anatomischen Deformationen, Vernarbung und gestörte Blutversorgung eine chirurgische Herausforderung. Wir beschreiben[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 65. Kongress der Nordrhein-Westfälischen Gesellschaft für Urologie
On the integrability of Einstein-Maxwell-(A)dS gravity in presence of Killing vectors
Creators: name: Klemm, Dietmar
name: Nozawa, Masato
name: Rabbiosi, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study some symmetry and integrability properties of four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell gravity with nonvanishing cosmological constant in the presence of Killing vectors. First of all, we consider stationary spacetimes, which lead, after a timelike Kaluza-Klein reduction followed by a dualization of the two vector fields, to a three-dimensional nonlinear sigma model coupled to gravity, whose target space is a noncompact version of $\mathbb{C}\text{P}^2$ with SU(2,1) isometry group. It is shown that the potential for the scalars, that arises from the cosmological constant in four dimensions, breaks three of the eight SU(2,1) symmetries, corresponding to the generalized Ehlers and the two Harrison transformations. This leaves a semidirect product of a one-dimensional Heisenberg group and a translation group $\mathbb{R}^2$ as residual symmetry. We show that, under the additional assumptions that the three-dimensional manifold is conformal to a product space $\mathbb{R}\timesΣ$, and all fields depend only on the coordinate along $\mathbb{R}$, the equations of motion are integrable. This generalizes the results of Leigh et al. in arXiv:1403.6511 to the case where also electromagnetic fields are present. In the second part of the paper we consider the purely gravitational spacetime admitting a second Killing vector that commutes with the timelike one. We write down the resulting two-dimensional action and discuss its symmetries. If the fields depend only on one of the two coordinates, the equations of motion are again integrable, and the solution turns out to be one constructed by Krasinski many years ago.
description: 24 pages, uses jheppub.sty. v2: Final version to be published in CQG
LM-CPPF: Paraphrasing-Guided Data Augmentation for Contrastive Prompt-Based Few-Shot Fine-Tuning
Creators: name: Abaskohi, Amirhossein
name: Rothe, Sascha
name: Yaghoobzadeh, Yadollah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, there has been significant progress in developing pre-trained language models for NLP. However, these models often struggle when fine-tuned on small datasets. To address this issue, researchers have proposed various adaptation approaches. Prompt-based tuning is arguably the most common way, especially for larger models. Previous research shows that adding contrastive learning to prompt-based fine-tuning is effective as it helps the model generate embeddings that are more distinguishable between classes, and it can also be more sample-efficient as the model learns from positive and negative examples simultaneously. One of the most important components of contrastive learning is data augmentation, but unlike computer vision, effective data augmentation for NLP is still challenging. This paper proposes LM-CPPF, Contrastive Paraphrasing-guided Prompt-based Fine-tuning of Language Models, which leverages prompt-based few-shot paraphrasing using generative language models, especially large language models such as GPT-3 and OPT-175B, for data augmentation. Our experiments on multiple text classification benchmarks show that this augmentation method outperforms other methods, such as easy data augmentation, back translation, and multiple templates.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, 8 tables, 1 algorithm Proceedings of the 61st Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics
$c$-functions in Higher-derivative Flows Across Dimensions
Creators: name: Deddo, Evan
name: Liu, James T.
name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
name: Saskowski, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of gravitational theories describing renormalization group flows across dimensions via AdS/CFT, we study the role of higher-derivative corrections to Einstein gravity. We use the Null Energy Condition to derive monotonicity properties of candidate holographic central charges formed by combinations of metric functions. We also implement an entropic approach to the characterization of the four-derivative flows using the Jacobson-Myers functional and demonstrate, under reasonable conditions, monotonicity of certain terms in the entanglement entropy via the appropriate generalization of the Ryu-Takayanagi prescription. In particular, we show that any flow from a higher dimensional theory to a holographic CFT$_2$ satisfies a type of monotonicity. We also uncover direct relations between NEC-motivated and entropic central charges.
description: 37 pages; references added