cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
AM 1934-563: A giant spiral polar-ring galaxy in a triplet
Creators: name: Reshetnikov, V.
name: Bournaud, F.
name: Combes, F.
name: Faundez-Abans, M.
name: de Oliveira-Abans, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the emission-line kinematics and photometry of a southern triplet of galaxies. The triplet contains a giant spiral galaxy AM 1934-563 which optical structure resembles a polar-ring galaxy: distorted spiral disk, seen almost edge-on, and a faint large-scale (45 kpc in diameter) warped structure, inclined by 60^o-70^o with respect to the disk major axis. The triplet shows relatively small velocity dispersion (69 km/s) and a large crossing time (0.17 in units of the Hubble time). The disk of AM 1934-563 demonstrates optical colors typical for an early-type spirals, strong radial color gradient, and almost exponential surface brightness distribution with an exponential scale-length value of 3.1 kpc (R passband). The galaxy shows a maximum rotation velocity of about 200 km/s and it lies close to the Tully-Fisher relation for spiral galaxies. The suspected polar ring is faint (μ(B) > 24) and strongly warped. Its total luminosity comprises (10-15)% of the total luminosity of AM 1934-563. We then try to model this system using numerical simulations, and study its possible formation mechanisms. We find that the most robust model, that reproduces the observed characteristics of the ring and the host galaxy, is the tidal transfer of mass from a massive gas-rich donor galaxy to the polar ring. The physical properties of the triplet of galaxies are in agreement with this scenario.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A
The Role of Economic Infrastructure in Promoting Exports of Manufactured Products: Trade Facilitation and Industrialization in the EAC
Creators: name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
name: Ntale, Anita
name: Shinyekwa, Isaac
name: Ntale, Anita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Soft
subject: hard
subject: infrastructure
subject: exports gravity
subject: manufacturing
subject: trade, facilitation
subject: elasticity
subject: industrialization

description: The paper estimates the impact of economic infrastructure on the exports of manufacturing products for the East African Countries, specifically, Uganda, Tanzania and Kenya. It departs from the literature that looks at infrastructure and development in general to facilitation of exports of manufactured products. An augmented gravity model is used to estimate the elasticities through which the proportion of economic infrastructure development required to generate a given proportion of exports of manufactured exports is calculated. Data used covers the period from 2001-2014 and is drawn from various sources including: COMTRADE, WEF, WDI and CEPII. Results provide evidence that that improvement in economic infrastructure generates huge gains in terms of export of manufactured exports; and there are more gains from hard infrastructure compared to soft infrastructure. Therefore the electricity, rail, road, airports infrastructure is paramount in boosting exports of manufactured products in the EAC region. It emerges that, transparency and accountability, internet connectivity and telephone subscription improve the efficiency and business environment which support the exportation of manufactured products. It is concluded that the mobilization of resources for investment in economic infrastructure to promote exports of manufactured products is inevitable for the EAC region.
Supermarkets struggle to stay in business in Uganda dampening the business climate
Creators: name: Lakuma, Corti Paul
name: Serunjogi, Brian
name: Lakuma, Corti Paul
name: Serunjogi, Brian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Doing business
subject: Business performance

description: The Business Climate Index declined and remained well below potential by 22.12 percentage point to 70.93 during the current quarter (April – June 2017) from 93.05 in the preceding quarter (January – March 2017). This is the eighth consecutive quarter that the business climate index has indicated unfavourable business performance and is largely explained by low demand that has led to collapse of some retailers key among them Nakumatt Supermarket and poor performance of the agriculture sector due to persistent adverse effects armyworms invasion. This calls for monetary policy responses to improve aggregate demand and fiscal policy interventions to combat the effects of the armyworm. Nevertheless, the future outlook (July – September 2017) remains favourable driven by rising profits margin, new business opportunities and favourable input cost in the agricultural sector and increased capacity and reduced labour cost in the service and manufacturing sector.
Hydrodynamics of driven granular gases
Creators: name: Hayakawa, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hydrodynamic equations for granular gases driven by the Fokker-Planck operator are derived. Transport coefficients appeared in Navier-Stokes order change from the values of a free cooling state to those of a steady state.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Radio spectral properties and jet duty cycle in the restarted radio galaxy 3C388
Creators: name: Brienza, M.
name: Morganti, R.
name: Harwood, J.
name: Duchet, T.
name: Rajpurohit, K.
name: Shulevski, A.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Mahatma, V.
name: Godfrey, L. E. H.
name: Prandoni, I.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Intema, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restarted radio galaxies represent a unique tool to investigate the duty cycle of the jet activity in Active Galactic Nuclei. Due to a sharp discontinuity of the GHz spectral index distribution within its lobes, the radio galaxy 3C388 has for long being claimed to be a peculiar example of AGN with multi-epoch activity. In this work we have performed, for the first time, a spatially resolved study of the radio spectrum of this source down to MHz-frequencies, aimed at investigating its radiative age and duty cycle. We have used new low frequency observations at 144 MHz performed with LOFAR and at 350 MHz performed with the VLA combined with archival data at higher frequencies. We find that the spectral indices in the lower frequency range 144-614 MHz have flatter values ($\sim$0.55-1.14) than those observed in the higher frequency range 1400-4850 MHz ($\sim$0.75-1.57) but follow the same distribution across the lobes, with a systematic steepening towards the edges. However, the spectral shape throughout the source is not uniform and often deviates from standard models. This suggests that mixing of different particle populations is occurring, although it remains difficult to understand whether this is caused by observational limitations (insufficient spatial resolution and/or projection effects) or by the intrinsic presence of multiple particle populations, possibly related to the two different outbursts. By using single-injection radiative models we compute that the total source age is $\lesssim$80 Myr and that the duty cycle is about $\rm t_{on}/t_{tot}\sim$ 60%, which is enough to prevent the intracluster medium from cooling according to X-ray estimates. While to date the radio spectral distribution of 3C388 remains a rare case among radio galaxies, upcoming multi-frequency surveys will soon allow us to investigate whether more sources with the same characteristics do actually exist.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, A&A accepted
title: Infra-Red Spectroscopy of Anthropogenic Atmospheric Gases and Natural Aerosols
Creators: name: Webb, Sarah Marie
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2012

description: Characterisation of the mechanisms and consequences of global warming is one of the most important topics in modern science. It requires a detailed investigation of the infrared properties of the constituents of the terrestrial atmosphere: gaseous, particulate and liquid. In this thesis Fourier-Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy is used to provide data on the absorption and scattering cross sections needed to evaluate the radiative forcing of several substances present in the terrestrial atmosphere.

CF3I is being considered as replacements for some of the highly global warming and ozone depleting gases currently used in industry. High-Resolution FTIR spectra has been recorded for CF3I over a range of temperatures and pressures and used to calculate approximate values of its global warming potential.

Aerosols may affect the terrestrial radiation budget in two ways: i) they may induce global cooling due to scattering and reflection of incident solar radiation and ii) global warming due to absorption of terrestrial infrared radiation. The effects can either be directly due the aerosols themselves or due to indirect effects such as the aerosols acting as cloud concentration nuclei or nuclei for ice particles in the atmosphere. Furthermore, soluble aerosols, such as sulphates and sodium chloride, will affect the radiative properties of these water droplets once formed. To assess the net contribution of these aerosols one must know the concentration and location of any aerosol and also absorption and scattering coefficients. One method of monitoring the amount of aerosol in the atmosphere is to use satellites such as the Michelson Interferometer for Passive Atmospheric Sounding (MIPAS) or Meteostat Second Generation (MSG). Both the satellite retrieval of aerosol concentrations and the calculation of their scattering and absorption coefficients require knowledge of the optical properties of these aerosols. Studying the spectroscopy of aerosols has proven to be a difficult problem since aerosols settle out quickly under the influence of gravity and so have short residence times in aerosol chambers thus radiative properties of aerosols provide one of the largest uncertainties in atmospheric modelling.

In this thesis an ‘acoustic trap’ has been developed to counteract gravity allowing us to record spectra of some common atmospheric aerosols: volcanic ash, coal soot and sand. Descriptions of the design of this novel trap and methods for its effective use are presented along with suggestions for further improvements.
A discrete form of the theorem that each field endomorphism of R (Q_p) is the identity
Creators: name: Tyszka, Apoloniusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12E99, 12L12

description: Let K be a field and F denote the prime field in K. Let \tilde{K} denote the set of all r \in K for which there exists a finite set A(r) with {r} \subseteq A(r) \subseteq K such that each mapping f:A(r) \to K that satisfies: if 1 \in A(r) then f(1)=1, if a,b \in A(r) and a+b \in A(r) then f(a+b)=f(a)+f(b), if a,b \in A(r) and a \cdot b \in A(r) then f(a \cdot b)=f(a) \cdot f(b), satisfies also f(r)=r. Obviously, each field endomorphism of K is the identity on \tilde{K}. We prove: \tilde{K} is a countable subfield of K, if char(K) \neq 0 then \tilde{K}=F, \tilde{C}=Q, if each element of K is algebraic over F=Q then \tilde{K}={x \in K: x is fixed for all automorphisms of K}, \tilde{R} is equal to the field of real algebraic numbers, \tilde{Q_p}={x \in Q_p: x is algebraic over Q}.
description: to appear in Aequationes Math., Theorem 5 provides a new characterization of \tilde{K}
Non-monogamy of spatio-temporal correlations and the black hole information loss paradox
Creators: name: Marletto, C.
name: Vedral, V.
name: Virzì, S.
name: Rebufello, E.
name: Avella, A.
name: Piacentini, F.
name: Gramegna, M.
name: Degiovanni, I.
name: Genovese, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pseudo-density matrices are a generalisation of quantum states and do not obey monogamy of quantum correlations. Could this be the solution to the paradox of information loss during the evaporation of a black hole? In this paper we discuss this possibility, providing a theoretical proposal to extend quantum theory with these pseudo-states to describe the statistics arising in black-hole evaporation. We also provide an experimental demonstration of this theoretical proposal, using a simulation in optical regime, that tomographically reproduces the correlations of the pseudo-density matrix describing this physical phenomenon.
ELMÉLETI FELVETÉSEK ÉS MÓDSZERTANI KAPCSOLATOK A VÁLLALATÉRTÉKELÉSBEN
Creators: name: Bárczi, Judit
name: Bárczi, Judit
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: vállalatérték
subject: módszertan
subject: pénzügyi teljesítmény
subject: menedzsment
subject: enterprise value
subject: methodology
subject: financial performance
subject: management

description: A vagyonértékelési eljárásokat a gyakorlatban nagyfokú szakmai hozzáértéssel és a lehető legtöbb tényező figyelembevételével kell elvégezni. A szekunder tanulmány vázolja azokat az elméleti szempontokat és módszertani kapcsolatokat, amelyek a jelenlegi tudomány álláspontja szerint alkalmazhatók. Mindenképpen több vállalatértékelési módszer együttes alkalmazása javasolt a pontos eredmény kiszámításához, természetesen az adott értékelés céljának, piacának és körülményeinek megfelelően. Folyamatos jellegű vállalatértékelés esetén a vezetőség pozíciója sokkal kedvezőbb, mivel folyamatosan informált az általa vezetett vállalat értékéről, ezáltal hosszabb távon akár a vállalati érték növekedése és a megfelelő irányvonal követése biztosított. ---------- Asset valuation procedures should in practice be carried out with the most professional skill and taking into account as many factors as possible. The secondary study outlines the theoretical aspects and methodological links that can be applied in the current science’s view. In any case, it is recommended to use more than one corporate valuation method to calculate the exact result, of course, according to the purpose, market and circumstances of the particular valuation. In the case of a continuous corporate assessment, the position of the management is much more favorable as it is constantly informed about the value of the company it manages, thus, in the long run, the growth of corporate value and the right course are ensured.
Detection of a huge explosion in the early Universe
Creators: name: Cusumano, G.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Chincarini, G.
name: Panaitescu, A.
name: Burrows, D. N.
name: La Parola, V.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Campana, S.
name: Mineo, T.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Angelini, L.
name: Barthelemy, S. D.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Boyd, P. T.
name: Cominsky, L.
name: Gronwall, C.
name: Fenimore, E. E.
name: Gehrels, N.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Goad, M.
name: Hurley, K.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Mason, K. O.
name: Marshall, F.
name: Meszaros, P.
name: Nousek, J. A.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Palmer, D. M.
name: Roming, P. W. A.
name: Wells, A.
name: White, N. E.
name: Zhang, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray Bursts (GRBs) are bright flashes of high energy photons that can last from about 10 milliseconds to 10 minutes. Their origin and nature have puzzled the scientific community for about 25 years until 1997, when the first X-ray afterglows of long (> 2 s duration) bursts were detected and the first optical and radio counterparts were found. These measurements established that long GRBs are typically at high redshift (z 1.6) and are in sub-luminous star-forming host galaxies. They are likely produced in core-collapse explosions of a class of massive stars that give rise to highly relativistic jets (collapsar model). Internal inhomogeneities in the velocity field of the relativistic expanding flow lead to collisions between fast moving and slow moving fluid shells and to the formation of internal shock waves. These shocks are believed to produce the observed prompt emission in the form of irregularly shaped and spaced pulses of gamma-rays, each pulse corresponding to a distinct internal collision. The expansion of the jet outward into the circumstellar medium is believed to give rise to ``external'' shocks, responsible for producing the smoothly fading afterglow emission seen in the X-ray, optical and radio bands. Here we report on the gamma-ray and x-ray observation of the most distant gamma-ray burst ever observed: its redshift of 6.29 translates to a distance of 13 billion light-years from Earth, corresponding to a time when the Universe was just 700 million to 750 million years old. The discovery of a gamma-ray burst at such a large redshift implies the presence of massive stars only 700 million years after the Big Bang. The very high redshift bursts represent a good way to study the re-ionization era soon after the Universe came out of the Dark Ages.
description: 11 pages, 1 table, 3 figures. Note: this paper has been submitted for publication in Nature, It is embargoed for discussion in the popular press
ASMD: an automatic framework for compiling multimodal datasets with audio and scores
Creators: name: Simonetta, Federico
name: Ntalampiras, Stavros
name: Avanzini, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: H.5.5; I.2.m; H.3.7; J.5

description: This paper describes an open-source Python framework for handling datasets for music processing tasks, built with the aim of improving the reproducibility of research projects in music computing and assessing the generalization abilities of machine learning models. The framework enables the automatic download and installation of several commonly used datasets for multimodal music processing. Specifically, we provide a Python API to access the datasets through Boolean set operations based on particular attributes, such as intersections and unions of composers, instruments, and so on. The framework is designed to ease the inclusion of new datasets and the respective ground-truth annotations so that one can build, convert, and extend one's own collection as well as distribute it by means of a compliant format to take advantage of the API. All code and ground-truth are released under suitable open licenses.
description: Accepted at the Sound and Music Computing Conference 2020
Doping dependence of charge dynamics in electron-doped cuprates
Creators: name: Ma, Tianxing
name: Guo, Huaiming
name: Feng, Shiping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the t-t'-J model, the doping dependence of charge dynamics in electron-doped cuprates is studied. The conductivity spectrum shows a pseudogap structure with a low-energy peak appearing at $ω\sim 0$ and an rather sharp midinfrared peak appearing around $ω\sim 0.3\mid t\mid$, and the resistivity exhibits a crossover from the high temperature metallic-like to low temperature insulating-like behavior in the relatively low doped regime, and a metallic-like behavior in the relatively high doped regime, in qualitative agreement with experiments. Our results also show that these unusual behaviors of the charge dynamics is intriguingly related to the magnetic correlation in the system.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, discussions are added, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. A
The Effect of Multiple Scattering on the Polarization from Binary Star Envelopes. I. Self- and Externally Illuminated Disks
Creators: name: Hoffman, Jennifer L.
name: Whitney, Barbara A.
name: Nordsieck, Kenneth H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a Monte Carlo radiative transfer code that calculates the polarization produced by multiple Thomson scattering and variable absorptive opacity in a circumstellar disk around one component of a close detached binary system. We consider in detail the polarization variations over the binary cycle that result from the disk's illumination by the external star and by its own volume emission. We identify key features of these polarization phase curves and investigate their behavior as functions of optical depth, albedo, and inclination for geometrically thin and thick disks. The polarization due to disk self-illumination is sensitive to the internal optical characteristics of the disk, while the polarization arising from external illumination is mainly sensitive to the disk's geometrical thickness. With appropriate flux weighting, these results, combined with those for an internally illuminated disk, allow simulation of the polarization signature from an arbitrary binary-disk system.
description: 34 pages, 17 figures. Submitted to ApJ, revised in response to referee comments. Color figures available from http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~jhoffman/monte/colorfigs.html
Nonlinear friction in underdamped anharmonic stochastic oscillators
Creators: name: Capała, Karol
name: Dybiec, Bartłomiej
name: Gudowska-Nowak, Ewa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stationary states of overdamped anharmonic stochastic oscillators driven by Lévy noise are typically multimodal. The very same situation is recorded for an underdamped Lévy noise driven motion in single-well potentials with linear friction. Within current manuscript we relax the assumption that the friction experienced by a particle is linear. Using computer simulations, we study underdamped motion in single-well potentials in the regime of nonlinear friction. We demonstrate that it is relatively easy to observe multimodality in the velocity distribution as it is determined by the friction itself and it is the same as the multimodality in the overdamped case with the analogous deterministic force. Contrary to the velocity marginal density, it is more difficult to produce multimodality in the position. Nevertheless, for fine-tuned nonlinear friction, the spatial multimodality can be recorded.
description: 10 pages
Test-beam studies of a small-scale TORCH time-of-flight demonstrator
Creators: name: Bhasin, S.
name: Blake, T.
name: Brook, N.
name: Conneely, T.
name: Cussans, D.
name: Forty, R.
name: Frei, C.
name: Gabriel, E. P. M.
name: Gao, R.
name: Gershon, T.
name: Gys, T.
name: Hadavizadeh, T.
name: Hancock, T. H.
name: Harnew, N.
name: Kreps, M.
name: Milnes, J.
name: Piedigrossi, D.
name: Rademacker, J.
name: van Dijk, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TORCH is a time-of-flight detector designed to perform particle identification over the momentum range 2$-$10 GeV/c for a 10 m flight path. The detector exploits prompt Cherenkov light produced by charged particles traversing a quartz plate of 10 mm thickness. Photons are then trapped by total internal reflection and directed onto a detector plane instrumented with customised position-sensitive Micro-Channel Plate Photo-Multiplier Tube (MCP-PMT) detectors. A single-photon timing resolution of 70 ps is targeted to achieve the desired separation of pions and kaons, with an expectation of around 30 detected photons per track. Studies of the performance of a small-scale TORCH demonstrator with a radiator of dimensions 120 $\times$ 350 $\times$ 10 mm$^3$ have been performed in two test-beam campaigns during November 2017 and June 2018. Single-photon time resolutions ranging from 104.3 ps to 114.8 ps and 83.8 ps to 112.7 ps have been achieved for MCP-PMTs with granularity 4 $\times$ 64 and 8 $\times$ 64 pixels, respectively. Photon yields are measured to be within $\sim$10% and $\sim$30% of simulation, respectively. Finally, the outlook for future work with planned improvements is presented.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, to be published in Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A
TERÜLETI KÜLÖNBSÉGEK ALAKULÁSÁNAK VIZSGÁLATA A PILISVÖRÖSVÁRI JÁRÁSBAN
An examination of regional disparities in Pilisvörösvár District
Creators: name: Fabi, Alexandra Zita
name: Szűcs, Antónia
name: Fabi, Alexandra Zita
name: Szűcs, Antónia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Pilisvörösvári járás
subject: komplex fejlettségi mutató
subject: vidékfejlesztés
subject: Pilisvörösvár District
subject: complex development index
subject: rural development

description: A társadalmi és gazdasági fejlettség térbeli különbségeinek elemzése már évtizedek óta a társadalomtudományok és a politika érdeklődésének kiemelt pozíciójában áll. Az elmúlt években Magyarországon is elterjedtek az ilyen jellegű kutatások. A különböző szintű fejlettség egy bizonyos határig nem okoz problémát, de egy bizonyos érték felett már nagyobb figyelmet kell neki szentelni. A fejlettségi színvonal érzékeltetésére használt mutatók köre igen széles skálán mozog. A számos mutató közül kistérségi, illetve járási szinten gazdasági és társadalmi mutatókra vonatkozó komplex fejlettségi vizsgálat a legalkalmasabb. ------------ The analysis of spatial differences in social and economic development has been in the forefront of the interest of social sciences and politics for decades. In recent years, such research has spread to Hungary. The level of development at different levels does not pose a problem to a certain extent, but above a certain value it has to pay more attention to it. The range of indicators used to describe the level of development moves on a very wide scale. From a variety of indicators, complex developmental surveys on the economic and social indicators at the microregional or district level are the most appropriate.
A Time-dependent SIR model for COVID-19 with Undetectable Infected Persons
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Cheng
name: Lu, Ping-En
name: Chang, Cheng-Shang
name: Liu, Tzu-Hsuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we conduct mathematical and numerical analyses to address the following crucial questions for COVID-19: (Q1) Is it possible to contain COVID-19? (Q2) When will be the peak and the end of the epidemic? (Q3) How do the asymptomatic infections affect the spread of disease? (Q4) What is the ratio of the population that needs to be infected to achieve herd immunity? (Q5) How effective are the social distancing approaches? (Q6) What is the ratio of the population infected in the long run? For (Q1) and (Q2), we propose a time-dependent susceptible-infected-recovered (SIR) model that tracks 2 time series: (i) the transmission rate at time t and (ii) the recovering rate at time t. Such an approach is more adaptive than traditional static SIR models and more robust than direct estimation methods. Using the data provided by China, we show that the one-day prediction errors for the numbers of confirmed cases are almost in 3%, and the total number of confirmed cases is precisely predicted. Also, the turning point, defined as the day that the transmission rate is less than the recovering rate can be accurately predicted. After that day, the basic reproduction number $R_0$ is less than 1. For (Q3), we extend our SIR model by considering 2 types of infected persons: detectable and undetectable infected persons. Whether there is an outbreak in such a model is characterized by the spectral radius of a 2 by 2 matrix that is closely related to $R_0$. For (Q4), we show that herd immunity can be achieved after at least 1-1/$R_0$ fraction of individuals being infected. For (Q5) and (Q6), we analyze the independent cascade (IC) model for disease propagation in a configuration random graph. By relating the propagation probabilities in the IC model to the transmission rates and recovering rates in the SIR model, we show 2 approaches of social distancing that can lead to a reduction of $R_0$.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, 2 table, Parts of the codes used in this paper will be placed on GitHub (https://github.com/PingEnLu/Time-dependent_SIR_COVID-19), The latest version will be placed on http://gibbs1.ee.nthu.edu.tw/A_TIME_DEPENDENT_SIR_MODEL_FOR_COVID_19.PDF
Food Insecurity, Poverty, Unemployment and Obesity in the United States: Effect of (Not) Considering Back-Door Paths in Policy Modeling
Creators: name: Dharmasena, Senarath
name: Bessler, David A.
name: Dharmasena, Senarath
name: Bessler, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Front-door paths
subject: back-door paths
subject: do-Calculus
subject: machine learning
subject: directed acyclic graphs

description: The causes and consequences of food environment factors such as food insecurity, poverty, unemployment and obesity in the United States are complex. Once causality patterns with regards to these variables are identified, it is important to recognize front-door (Pearl, 2000) and back-door paths (Pearl, 2000) associated with these variables to make sensible and credible policy decisions. These policy interventions are known as performing do-Calculus (Pearl 2000, Spirtes et al., 2000) in causality literature. In this study we use the complex interactions of four food environment variables in the United States (food insecurity, poverty, unemployment and obesity) estimated using artificial intelligence and directed acyclic graphs by Dharmasena, Bessler and Capps (2016) and perform several policy interventions, recognizing front-door and back-door paths. Such policy simulations are vital for agencies not only to design appropriate policies for food assistance, poverty alleviation, combating food insecurity and obesity, but also to recognize effects of policy prior to the desired intervention. Preliminary analysis shows that there are two front-door paths from income to food insecurity, via poverty and via unemployment. Also, there is a front-door path from poverty to food insecurity, while there is an important back- door path from poverty to food insecurity via unemployment.
Quantum spherical spin models
Creators: name: Gracia, R. Serral
name: Nieuwenhuizen, Th. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently introduced class of quantum spherical spin models is considered in detail. Since the spherical constraint already contains a kinetic part, the Hamiltonian need not have kinetic term. As a consequence, situations with or without momenta in the Hamiltonian can be described, which may lead to different symmetry classes. Two models that show this difference are analyzed. Both models are exactly solvable and their phase diagram is analyzed. A transversal external field leads to a phase transition line that ends in a quantum critical point. The two considered symmetries of the Hamiltonian considered give different critical phenomena in the quantum critical region. The model with momenta is argued to be analog to the large-N limit of an SU(N) Heisenberg ferromagnet, and the model without momenta shares the critical phenomena of an SU(N) Heisenberg antiferromagnet.
description: 22 pages
Practicing Urban Agriculture Right Here: Integrating the LFS Garden with the Faculty of Land and Food Systems Community
Creators: name: Mackie, Jessica
name: Ma, Yuting (Vicky)
name: Ma, Connie
name: Maladwala, Sanna
name: Makepeace, Sarah
name: Lukman, Stella
name: Maliksi, Angelo
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”
To what extent do household expenditure and prices affect the demand for rice in northern Ghana?
Creators: name: Pacem, Kotchofa
name: Pacem, Kotchofa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Rice Consumption
subject: QUAIDS model
subject: Price and expenditure elasticity
subject: Northern Ghana.

description: Rice (Oryza sativa, L.) is considered staple food for nearly one half of the world’s population. The consumption of rice is becoming staple in many locations like in West Africa and specially in Ghana where the majority of the urban consumers value its convenience and taste. Despite its nutritional content, convenient attribute and increasing demand, the consumption of rice in the West Africa, particularly in northern Ghana, is still very little studied. Little is known about the demand for rice in the northern Ghana though this region includes over 30 % of the whole Ghanaian population. Specifically, knowing how on average household responds to a change in price or and expenditure considering their demand for rice are still missed in the current literature. This study seeks to address this knowledge gap by estimating expenditure and prices elasticities of demand for rice in the northern Ghana region. A QUAIDS model were estimated using consumer data collected from approximately 4,600 randomly selected households. A descriptive analysis of the study data indicates that more than 50 % of the respondents did consume rice. Moreover, households allocated the most part of their foods budget share to the consumption of cereals, and also to animal protein like meat and fish instead of to vegetable protein like legumes. The QUAIDS analysis indicates that all food categories like cereals including rice, roots/tubers, animal protein (meats, fish) have a positive expenditure elasticity across all income groups which strengthen the assumption that they are all normal goods. Same findings were obtained at both compensated and uncompensated prices elasticities. All the food categories had a negative compensated and uncompensated own price elasticity except the group of legumes which has a positive compensated own price elasticity. Though, all foods categories have a negative own price elasticity, the consumption of legumes has a positive own price elasticity. Several reasons were indicated to explain this surprising result among which the procedure used in generating the prices, and the main focus of the survey which was not on legumes consumption. Further research should redo this analysis by contrasting the locally produced rice to the imported rice to better understand the role that rice consumption plays in household’s food consumption.
Carpophthorella Hendel 1914
Creators: name: Chua, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Carpophthorella

description: Carpophthorella Hendel
 Carpophthorella Hendel, 1914: 80; 1915: 448. Type species Carpophthorella magnifica Hendel, by original designation.
 The genus Carpophthorella Hendel is a small genus and appears to be closely related to Chaetellipsis Bezzi, except the males of Chaetellipsis lack frontal setae. Larvae of Carpophthorella spp. feed on bamboo shoots, but only the females appear to be attracted to cut shoots. A good description of the genus has been given by Hancock and Drew (1999).
 The work of Hardy (1988) and Hancock and Drew (1999) indicates there are only four Carpophthorella spp. in Asia, namely C. capillata (Bezzi), C. magnifica Hendel, C. nigrifascia (Walker) and C. semipennata Hering. These are placed in two groups, one containing species with sexes slightly dissimilar (magnifica and nigrifascia), while the other consists of species with very dissimilar sexes (capillata and semipennata).
 Including the new species described here (C. sookae) but excluding C. semipennata (see Remarks below), there are now three species of Carpophthorella from Malaysia, namely C. capillata (Bezzi) and C. nigrifasica (Walker) from East Malaysia, and C. sookae new species from Peninsular Malaysia.
description: Published as part of Chua, T. H., 2003, New bamboo-shoot flies from Peninsular Malaysia (Diptera: Tephritidae: Ceratitidinae), pp. 463-472 in Journal of Natural History 37 (4) on page 464, DOI: 10.1080/713834705, http://zenodo.org/record/4653464
Oblique Corrections from Higgsless Models in Warped Space
Creators: name: Cacciapaglia, Giacomo
name: Csaki, Csaba
name: Grojean, Christophe
name: Terning, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tree-level oblique corrections to electroweak precision observables generated in higgless models of electroweak symmetry breaking with a 5D SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x U(1)_{B-L} gauge group on a warped background. In the absence of brane induced kinetic terms (and equal left and right gauge couplings) we find the S parameter to be ~1.15, while T,U~0, as in technicolor theories. Planck brane induced kinetic terms and unequal left-right couplings can lower S, however for sufficiently low values of S tree-level unitarity will be lost. A kinetic term localized on the TeV brane for SU(2)_D will generically increase S, however an induced kinetic term for U(1)_{B-L} on the TeV brane will lower S. With an appropriate choice of the value of this induced kinetic term S~0 can be achieved. In this case the mass of the lowest Z' mode will be lowered to about ~300 GeV.
description: 18 pages, LaTeX, 2 figures included
The Supervisor as the Manager of Performance and Organizational Commitment in Multinational Corporations
Creators: name: Padín-Zamot, Gerardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 150305 Human Resources Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Multinational corporations (MNCs) transcend borders and operate in countries where there is often a notable cultural diversity between the supervisors (expatriates) and the employees (local). Sometimes the differences are quite evident and they force foreign managers to pursue strategies that will enable companies to adapt, transform or redefine their human resources policies and practices in order to attain a greater sustainable competitive advantage. The researcher Greene (2011) writes: “Organizations wishing to effectively attract, retain, motivate and satisfy high quality diverse workforce must recognize cultural differences, respect them and reconcile them”.
Strain induced correlation gaps in carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Gloor, T. A.
name: Mila, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the change in the correlation gap of armchair carbon nanotubes with uniaxial elastic strain. We predict that such a stretching will enlarge the correlation gap for all carbon nanotubes by a change that could be as large as several meV per percent of applied strain, in contrast with pure band structure calculations where no change for armchair carbon nanotubes is predicted. The correlation effects are considered within a self-consistent Hartree-Fock approximation to the Hubbard model with on-site repulsion only.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
To What Extent Does Trade Liberalisation Affect The Financial Performance of Korean Co-operatives?
Creators: name: Rünzel, Max Allan Siegfried
name: Han, Doo Bong
name: Rünzel, Max Allan Siegfried
name: Han, Doo Bong
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Korea
subject: financial performance
subject: agricultural co-operatives
subject: trade liberalisation
subject: Du Pont analysis

description: This study aims at evaluating agricultural co-operative performance in Korea based on financial data vis-à-vis trade liberalisation after subsequent Free Trade Agreements. With the help of the Du Pont expansion method this paper examines the financial performance and its drivers for 1,060 agricultural primary Korean co-operatives between 2012 and 2016 within the Korean National Agricultural Cooperatives Federation. Subsequently, we estimate the effect of the producer protection ratio, agricultural export and import volumes, co-operative size and world food prices on co-operatives' net profit margins, total asset turnovers and equity multipliers. The empirical results show that trade liberalisation has an ambiguous effect on agricultural co-operatives. Increased exports have a positive effect on the co-operatives' return on equity and profitability while imports have a reducing effect. Greater import and export volumes do not result in significant effects on efficiency and solvency. This study provides valuable lessons for countries seeking to alleviate external shocks on farm income and the rural economy following trade liberalisation by emphasising strong co-operative structures, as benefits and bottlenecks of the co-operative organisational structure are displayed.
Physical and chemical modeling of the starless core L1512
Creators: name: Lin, Sheng-Jun
name: Pagani, Laurent
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Lefèvre, Charlène
name: Lique, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deuterium fractionation in starless cores gives us a clue to estimate their lifetime scales, thus allowing us to distinguish between different dynamical theories of core formation. Cores also seem to be subject to a differential N2 and CO depletion which was not expected from models. We aim to make a survey of 10 cores to estimate their lifetime scales and depletion profiles in detail. After L183, in Serpens, we present the second cloud of the series, L1512 in Auriga. To constrain the lifetime scale, we perform chemical modeling of the deuteration profiles across L1512 based on dust extinction measurements from near-infrared observations and non-local thermal equilibrium radiative transfer with multiple line observations of N2H+, N2D+, DCO+, C18O, and 13CO, plus H2D+ (1$_{10}$--1$_{11}$). We find a peak density of 1.1$\times$10$^5$ cm$^{-3}$ and a central temperature of 7.5$\pm$1 K, which are respectively higher and lower compared with previous dust emission studies. The depletion factors of N2H+ and N2D+ are 27$^{+17}_{-13}$ and 4$^{+2}_{-1}$ in L1512, intermediate between the two other more advanced and denser starless core cases, L183 and L1544. These factors also indicate a similar freeze-out of N2 in L1512, compared to the two others despite a peak density one to two orders of magnitude lower. Retrieving CO and N2 abundance profiles with the chemical model, we find that CO has a depletion factor of $\sim$430-870 and the N2 profile is similar to that of CO unlike towards L183. Therefore, L1512 has probably been living long enough so that N2 chemistry has reached steady state. N2H+ modeling remains compulsory to assess the precise physical conditions in the center of cold starless cores, rather than dust emission. L1512 is presumably older than 1.4 Myr. Therefore, the dominating core formation mechanism should be ambipolar diffusion for this source.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Gastrozona Bezzi 1913
Creators: name: Chua, T. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2003
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Gastrozona

description: Gastrozona Bezzi
 Gastrozona Bezzi, 1913: 105. Type species Tephritis fasciventris Macquart, by original designation.
 This genus is closely related to Carpophthorella and Chaetellipsis, differing mainly in head and wing pattern characters. These three genera have the following characters: third antennal segment rounded or only slightly angled at apex, costal setae weak, female with an elongate, apically setose aculeus and the male with long anal papillae (Hancock and Drew, 1999). For details of the genus Gastrozona, refer to Hancock and Drew (1999).
 Eight species have been listed by Hancock and Drew (1999), of which only one is recorded from Malaysia, namely G. fasciventris (Macquart). Chua (1999), however, listed another species, namely Gastrozona nr. parviseta Hardy. This is now described as Gastrozona selangorensis new species in this paper.
description: Published as part of Chua, T. H., 2003, New bamboo-shoot flies from Peninsular Malaysia (Diptera: Tephritidae: Ceratitidinae), pp. 463-472 in Journal of Natural History 37 (4) on page 468, DOI: 10.1080/713834705, http://zenodo.org/record/4653464
Cooperative ordering of gapped and gapless spin networks in Cu$_2$Fe$_2$Ge$_4$O$_{13}$
Creators: name: Masuda, T.
name: Zheludev, A.
name: Grenier, B.
name: Imai, S.
name: Uchinokura, K.
name: Ressouche, E.
name: Park, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual magnetic properties of a novel low-dimensional quantum ferrimagnet Cu$_2$Fe$_2$Ge$_4$O$_{13}$ are studied using bulk methods, neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering. It is shown that this material can be described in terms of two low-dimensional quantum spin subsystems, one gapped and the other gapless, characterized by two distinct energy scales. Long-range magnetic ordering observed at low temperatures is a cooperative phenomenon caused by weak coupling of these two spin networks.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Charruodon Abdala & Ribeiro 2000, n. gen.
Creators: name: Abdala, Fernando
name: Ribeiro, Ana Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Therapsida
Cynodontia
Charruodon

description: Genus Charruodon n. gen.
 TYPE SPECIES BY ORIGINAL DESIGNATION. — Charruodon tetracuspidatus n. sp.
 ETYMOLOGY. — In honor to the Charruas, a native South American tribe that lived in southern Brazil, and from the Greek odon which means tooth.
DIAGNOSIS. — As for the species, by monotypy.
description: Published as part of Abdala, Fernando & Ribeiro, Ana Maria, 2000, A new therioherpetid cynodont from the Santa Maria Formation (middle Late Triassic), southern Brazil, pp. 589-596 in Geodiversitas 22 (4) on page 590, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4650555