cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The impact of dietary diversity on type 2 diabetes : an investigation of the cross-national EPIC-InterAct cohort
Creators: name: Mozaffari, Hadis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Few high-quality studies link dietary diversity to type 2 diabetes (T2D), and no studies examine protein diversity by source. I examined the prospective association of five diversity scores with the 10-year risk of T2D, and assessed differences by sex/gender, obesity, and socioeconomic status (SES). I used the EPIC-InterAct case-cohort study, which included 10,363 incident T2D cases and a representative subcohort of 13,937 individuals, sampled from a cohort of 340,234 participants in 8 European countries (1993-2007). I derived five scores from self-reported diet data (gr/day): diversity between food groups (range: 0—5) and diversity within subtypes of vegetables (0—4), meats/alternatives (0—6), animal protein (0—8) and plant protein (0—5). I estimated country-specific hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) using Prentice-weighted Cox regression and then pooled estimates using mixed-effects models; I also stratified these models based on sex/gender. For obesity and SES subgroups, I used simple Prentice-weighted Cox regression due to smaller sample sizes. Daily intake of five food groups (versus ≤three) was linked to lower T2D incidence (HR 0.86 [95%CI 0.75, 0.98]), particularly in women, and Europeans who were single, married, employed, had technical and primary school education, or were not obese. Daily intake of 3-4 subtypes of vegetables (relative to 0-1 subtype) was inversely associated with T2D among men (0.85 [0.73, 0.99]), and Europeans with primary school education (0.78 [0.65, 0.93]), who were employed (0.82 [0.68, 0.99]), or were single (0.39 [0.20, 0.76]). Greater plant-protein diversity was inversely associated with T2D among women (3 subtypes: 0.75 [0.62, 0.90]), and Europeans without obesity (4-5 subtypes: 0.82 [0.68, 1.00]), or were university-educated (3 subtypes: 0.65 [0.45, 0.95]). By contrast, greater meat/alternatives diversity, and animal-protein diversity, were positively associated with T2D in Europeans without obesity (≥2 subtypes: HR range: 1.29 to 1.39), or had low education (6-8 subtypes: 1.77 [1.10, 2.85]). Diabetes prevention may benefit not only from a diet consisting of five different food groups but also from a diet diverse in vegetables and plant-based protein. However, lower disease incidence associated with greater diet diversity was observed only in specific Europeans subpopulations.
Numerical study of the magnetic electron drift vortex mode turbulence in a nonuniform magnetoplasma
Creators: name: Shaikh, Dastgeer
name: Eliasson, B
name: Shukla, P K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simulation study of the magnetic electron drift vortex (MEDV) mode turbulence in a magnetoplasma in the presence of inhomogeneities in the plasma temperature and density, as well as in the external magnetic field, is presented. The study shows that the influence of the magnetic field inhomogeneity is to suppress streamer-like structures observed in previous simulation studies without background magnetic fields. The MEDV mode turbulence exhibits non-universal (non-Kolmogorov type) spectra for different sets of the plasma parameters. In the presence of an inhomogeneous magnetic field, the spectrum changes to a 7/3 power law, which is flatter than without magnetic field gradients. The relevance of this work to laser-produced plasmas in the laboratory is briefly mentioned.
description: Paper is accepted in Physical Review E
Theloscopy and Theloresectoscopy in Bovines
Creators: name: Ravindra Jadav, Panchabhai Chaudhary, Keshav, Dhaval Rajgor, Ranjeet Singh Dodiya and Vishal Kotwal
Publisher: name: The Science World a monthly e magazine
Year: 2023

description: Theloscopy is a new, minimally invasive and promising surgical procedure for teat blockage repair.  The word Theloscopy was derived from Greek word which means “Teat endoscopy”. Compared to traditional procedures for diagnosis, therapy and treatment monitoring, theloscopy permits safe and effective intervention for situations with significantly less risk and annoyance to the patient (Rathod et al. 2009). The equipment consists of a small, wireless, battery operated theloscopy to inflate and to look into the teat (instruments for small surgery are also needed), rigid scope, a blow pipe and a handle. The design of the scope allows for straight insight (0°) into the teat, and has a working length of 10 cm. The scope runs in a blow pipe which has an outer diameter of 3.0 mm. Air is blown through the blow pipe into the teat cistern to dilate the teat for examination. The scope and blow pipe are attached to the handle. The handle contains a lamp, an air pump and two batteries which will power the lamp and the pump for several (Geishauser, et al. 2005).
A journey from India to Canada : the westernization of the gut microbiome is associated with dietary acculturation in Indian migrants
Creators: name: D'Aloisio, Leah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The growing immigrant population in North America are experiencing westernization at a rapid rate. Amidst the backdrop of rising immigration, health disparities are emerging in immigrants, including several modern diseases linked with the westernized lifestyle. Young Indian immigrants and Indo-Canadians face a significantly higher risk of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) in westernized countries. While the root causes of IBD are not entirely understood, a main characteristic is an imbalanced gut microbiome no longer in symbiosis with its host. However, Indian populations are underrepresented in microbiome studies, making it challenging to determine the influences of their gut microbiome in this increased IBD risk. To understand why Indians are more vulnerable to IBD in Canada, it is essential to first investigate their gut microbiome. This thesis explores the gut microbiome transition in Indian migrants in Canada by characterizing their microbial composition, and the impact of their dietary patterns on the microbiome. Using 16S and shotgun sequencing data obtained from stool samples of healthy subjects, our study compares the microbiome of Indians residing in India, Indian immigrants, and Indo-Canadians, with Euro-Canadians and Euro-Immigrants as westernized controls. Our findings reveal significant differences in microbiota composition among these groups, with Indian residents showing a distinctive gut microbiota rich in Prevotella spp., whereas Indo-Canadians resembled more of an industrialized gut, with higher Bacteroides spp. abundance. While Indo-Immigrants had a gut microbiota that was distinct from Indians and westernized cohorts, some subjects displayed moderate levels of Prevotella spp. abundances, which may be due to their mixed diet that included both traditional Indian and westernized foods. This study concludes that Indo-Canadians undergo a marked transition towards an industrialized microbiome within just one generation, both through functional changes and the loss of Prevotella spp. This microbiota transition was associated with a large change in dietary habits, in particular a decrease in a high carbohydrate, high fibre diet, and an increase in ultra-processed foods. Overall, the data shown offers insight into how migration and lifestyle changes affect both microbial composition and functions in the gut, and their implications for understanding immigrant-health outcomes.
MPEC 2023-K17 : 2023 JN3
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 JN3

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Emergence of a Twisted Flux Tube into the Solar Atmosphere: Sunspot Rotations and the Formation of a Coronal Flux Rope
Creators: name: Fan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a 3D simulation of the dynamic emergence of a twisted magnetic flux tube from the top layer of the solar convection zone into the solar atmosphere and corona. It is found that after a brief initial stage of flux emergence during which the two polarities of the bipolar region become separated and the tubes intersecting the photosphere become vertical, significant rotational motion sets in within each polarity. The rotational motions of the two polarities are found to twist up the inner field lines of the emerged fields such that they change their orientation into an inverse configuration (i.e. pointing from the negative polarity to the positive polarity over the neutral line). As a result, a flux rope with sigmoid-shaped, dipped core fields form in the corona, and the center of the flux rope rises in the corona with increasing velocity as the twisting of the flux rope footpoints continues. The rotational motion in the two polarities is a result of propagation of non-linear torsional Alfvén waves along the flux tube, which transports significant twist from the tube's interior portion towards its expanded coronal portion. This is a basic process whereby twisted flux ropes are developed in the corona with increasing twist and magnetic energy, leading up to solar eruptions.
description: 33 pages, 14 figures, Submitted to ApJ
Subtraction of the $t\bar{t}$ contribution in $tW\bar{b}$ production at the one-loop level
Creators: name: Dong, Liang
name: Li, Hai Tao
name: Li, Zheng-Yu
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $tW\bar{b}$ production contributes to the real corrections to the $tW$ cross section. It would interfere with the top quark pair production, causing difficulties in a clear definition of the $tW{\bar b}$ events. The subtraction of the $t\bar{t}$ contributions has been performed in the diagram removal or diagram subtraction schemes for the tree-level processes. However, these schemes rely on the ability to identify the double resonant diagrams and thus can not be extended to loop diagrams. We propose a new scheme to subtract the $t\bar{t}$ contributions by power expansion of the squared amplitude in the resonant region. In order to cancel the infra-red divergences of the loop amplitudes, a widely used method is to introduce the dipole counter-terms, an ingredient in calculations of the full next-to-leading order QCD corrections. In our scheme, these counter-terms are also power-expanded. As a proof of principle, we calculate the one-loop correction to the $d\bar{d}\to \bar{b}Wt$ process, and present the invariant mass distribution of the $W\bar{b}$ system.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures; v2: version published in JHEP
Unimpeded tunneling in graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Roslyak, O.
name: Iurov, A.
name: Gumbs, Godfrey
name: Huang, Danhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the Klein paradox in zigzag (ZNR) and anti-zigzag (AZNR) graphene nanoribbons. Due to the fact that ZNR (the number of lattice sites across the nanoribbon (N is even) and AZNR (N is odd) configurations are indistinguishable when treated by the Dirac equation, we supplemented the model with a pseudo-parity operator whose eigenvalues correctly depend on the sublattice wavefunctions for the number of carbon atoms across the ribbon, in agreement with the tight-binding model. We have shown that the Klein tunneling in zigzag nanoribbons is related to conservation of the pseudo-parity rather than pseudo-spin in infinite graphene. The perfect transmission in the case of head-on incidence is replaced by perfect transmission at the center of the ribbon and the chirality is interpreted as the projection of the pseudo-parity on momentum at different corners of the Brillouin zone.
THOUGHTS OF THE THINKER AND EDUCATOR ABDULLAH AVLANI ABOUT EDUCATION
Creators: name: Lecturer at the Department of Interfaculty Pedagogy and Psychology, Faculty of Primary Education, Kukan State Pedagogical Institute      Abdullaeva Dilorom Nomonovna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: In this article, Abdullah Avlani glorified the culture of world peoples, science, school and education in his works, called on people to be educated and cultural, saying that morality is a set of behavior patterns and it is necessary to look at the upbringing of children. . shot By studying the opinions of scientists, the moral and educational qualities characteristic of our people were touched upon, as well as the example of the early education of our parents, sincere attitude and excellent behavior in the family.

Key words: culture, science, school and education, knowledgeable, ethics, behavior. child, education, virtue, relationships, family.
Measurement of $J/ψ$ helicity distributions in inelastic photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $J/ψ$ decay angular distributions have been measured in inelastic photoproduction in $e p$ collisions with the ZEUS detector at HERA, using an integrated luminosity of 468 $pb^{-1}$. The range in photon-proton centre-of-mass energy, $W$, was 50 $< W
description: 15 pages
Mid-Infrared Spectroscopy of Optically Faint Extragalactic 70 micron Sources
Creators: name: Farrah, D.
name: Weedman, D.
name: Lonsdale, C.
name: Polletta, M.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Houck, J.
name: Smith, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present mid-infrared spectra of sixteen optically faint sources with 70 micron fluxes in the range 19-38mJy. The sample spans a redshift range of 0.3510mJy, the 70\um sample has steeper IR continua and higher luminosities. The PAH dominated sources are among the brightest starbursts seen at any redshift, and reside in a redshift range where other selection methods turn up relatively few sources. The absorbed sources are at higher redshifts and have higher luminosities than the PAH dominated sources, and may show weaker luminosity evolution. We conclude that a 70 micron selection extending to ~20mJy, in combination with selections at mid-IR and far-IR wavelengths, is necessary to obtain a complete picture of the evolution of IR-luminous galaxies over 0
description: ApJ accepted
title: MODELING ANTIFRICTION PROPERTIES OF COMPOSITE BASED ON DYNAMIC CONTACT PROBLEM FOR A HETEROGENEOUS FOUNDATION
Creators: name: Kolesnikov, V.I.
name: Suvorova, T.V.
name: Belyak, O.A.
Publisher: name: Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University
Year: 2020

description: Based on the solution of the dynamic contact problem of vibration of a rigid punch
on a heterogeneous half-space, taking into account friction in the contact area, the tribological
properties of an oil-filled composite material with a microstructure are modeled. The
microstructure of the base is taken into account in the framework of the Biot-Frenkel model.
The boundary-value problem is reduced to the integral equation, its approximate solution is
constructed, which describes contact stresses, tangential displacements. The dependencies of
the friction forces on the microstructure of the composite, the viscosity of the fluid filling the
pores, and the degree of phase interaction are investigated.
On the correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission in TeV blazars
Creators: name: Katarzynski, K.
name: Walczewska, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observations of TeV blazars published recently show an unexpected quadratic or even cubic correlation between the X-ray and gamma-ray emission. A standard model of the synchrotron self-Compton emission of a compact source inside a jet is not able to explain such a correlation. Therefore, we propose an alternative scenario where the emission of at least two independent compact components is observed at the same time. We compare two different models. The first model assumes the injection of relativistic particles into a downstream region of a shock wave inside a jet that creates the emitting source. The model precisely describes the evolution of the particle energy spectrum inside the source and takes into account a light-crossing time effect for the produced radiation. The second model assumes an intrinsically constant emission of a homogeneous source that travels inside the jet along a curved trajectory, where the activity is produced simply by different values of the source's Doppler factor. To verify the two models we use recentlu published observations of Mrk 421. Our simulations show that simultaneous radiation of at least two independent sources, where the first source dominates the emission in the X-ray range and the second source radiates strongly in the gamma-ray range, can explain the observed correlations. However, the injection model provides inadequate results because it gives different values for the correlation of the rise and decay of a flare. This problem is negligible in the scenario that uses the Doppler boosting effect. Therefore, this approach yields much better results.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Transition Probabilities and Almost Periodic Functions
Creators: name: Juriaans, S. O.
name: Queiroz, P. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study transition probabilities of generalized functions as introduced by Colombeau and Gsponer. We formally introduz the study of H. Bohr almost periodic functions in the generalized context and use them to give exact values of transition probabilities in dimension 2. We also prove the existence of transition probabilities, in the generalized sense, for any moderate net $T = (T_{\varepsilon})$ with $T_{\varepsilon} : \mathbb H \rightarrow \mathbb H$, $\mathbb H$ a Hilbert space. In particular, we consider the case of selfadjoint Hilbert-Schmidt operators. This alludes to the possibility of existence of transition probabilities in the Fock space, in the sense introduced by Colombeau and Gsponer, if the spectrum of the operators involved are pure infinities or infinitesimals. This was already indicated in two papers coauthored by J. Aragona and J.F. Colombeau et. al.
description: 26 Pages
title: Bending the Curves: Wages and Inflation
title: Salaires et inflation : des courbes non linéaires?
Creators: name: Brouillette, Dany
name: Dockrill, Madigan
name: Lao, Helen
name: Savoie-Chabot, Laurence
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: As economic slack continues to be absorbed and the labour market tightens, wage growth and inflation could increase faster than expected, which would suggest convexity in their Phillips curves. This note investigates whether there is convexity in the Phillips curves for Canadian wage growth and inflation by testing different empirical approaches over the post-inflation-targeting period. We conclude that while there is some evidence that the relationship between wage growth—as indicated by the Bank of Canada wage-common measure—and the output gap is non-linear in Canada, there is no clear evidence of a convex relationship between inflation and the output gap. The presence of downward nominal wage rigidity could likely explain these results. The risk of a sharp increase in CPI inflation therefore appears to be small over the projection horizon (2018–20) since the Canadian economy is expected to experience only modest excess demand.
description: À mesure que la capacité excédentaire de l’économie continue à se résorber et que le marché du travail se resserre, il est possible que la croissance des salaires et l’inflation augmente plus rapidement que prévu, ce qui signifierait que leurs courbes de Phillips présentent une forme convexe. Dans la présente note, nous tentons de vérifier, à l’aide de différentes méthodes empiriques, l’existence de pareilles courbes convexes pour décrire la croissance des salaires et l’inflation au Canada pendant la période postérieure à l’adoption de cibles d’inflation. Nous concluons que, malgré certains indices suggérant une relation non linéaire entre la croissance des salaires (telle qu’elle est mesurée par l’indicateur salaires-comm de la Banque du Canada) et l’écart de production au Canada, il n’existe pas d’indice incontestable d’une relation convexe entre inflation et écart de production. Ces résultats s’expliqueraient vraisemblablement par une rigidité à la baisse des salaires nominaux. Dans ces conditions, il y a peu de risque que l’inflation mesurée par l’IPC enregistre une hausse prononcée au cours de la période de projection (2018-2020), l’économie canadienne ne devant connaître qu’un léger excédent de la demande.
The tangential map and associated integrable equations
Creators: name: Adler, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The tangential map is a map on the set of smooth planar curves. It satisfies the 3D-consistency property and is closely related to some well-known integrable equations.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
M2-branes and AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Klebanov, Igor R.
name: Torri, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: These notes provide a brief introduction to the ABJM theory, the level k U(N) x U(N) superconformal Chern-Simons matter theory which has been conjectured to describe N coincident M2-branes. We discuss its dual formulation in terms of M-theory on AdS_4 x S^7/Z_k and review some of the evidence in favor of the conjecture. We end with a brief discussion of the important role played by the monopole operators.
description: 20 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables. Based on lectures delivered by I.R.K. at the Galileo Galilei Institute summer school "New Perspectives in String Theory", v2: minor improvements; references added
TBP and its diversified role in transcription initiation
Creators: name: Kwan, James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Transcription by RNA Polymerases (RNA Pol) is initiated by the hierarchal assembly of the Pre- Initiation Complex (PIC) at the promoters of genes. TATA-box binding protein (TBP) is believed to be the first factor to bind onto RNA Pol II promoters to recruit the other General Transcription Factors (GTFs) for PIC formation and also plays a role in recruiting the necessary factors in the other two major eukaryotic RNA Polymerase (RNA Pol I and RNA Pol III). Decades of in vitro biochemical and in vivo yeast research have shown that TBP is essential for transcription initiation for the major three eukaryotic RNA Polymerases, but serendipitous TBP research in multicellular eukaryotes suggest otherwise. In this thesis, we examined the effects of TBP depletion in mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (mESCs) and report that acute depletion of TBP has no global effect on ongoing RNA Pol II and RNA Pol I transcription, but acute depletion of TBP severely impairs RNA Pol III transcription. We showed that this RNA Pol I and RNA Pol II TBP-independent transcription mechanism is not due to the TBP paralog TRF2 and that for RNA Pol II, the TFIID complex can still form and bind onto promoter DNA, despite having altered binding dynamics. Additionally, we showed that TBP binds onto RNA Pol I promoters and mitotically bookmark these genes for efficient transcriptional reactivation following mitosis and depletion of TBP impairs this process. Collectively, these results show how the transcriptional role of TBP has diverged throughout evolution and the potential mechanism of TBP-independent RNA Polymerase transcription in mESCs.
Recent topics of mesic atoms and mesic nuclei -- $ϕ$ mesic nuclei exist ?--
Creators: name: Yamagata-Sekihara, J.
name: Hirenzaki, S.
name: Cabrera, D.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $ϕ$-meson production in nuclei to investigate the in-medium modification of the $ϕ$-meson spectral function at finite density. We consider (${\bar p},ϕ$), ($γ,p$) and ($π^-,n$) reactions to produce a $ϕ$-meson inside the nucleus and evaluate the effects of the medium modifications to reaction cross sections. The structures of the bound states, $ϕ$-mesic nuclei, are also studied. For strong absorptive interaction cases, we need to know the spectrum shape in a wide energy region to deduce the properties of $ϕ$.
description: Talk given at EXA08, Vienna, September 2008. To be published in the Proceedings, Hyperfine Interactions. 6 pages, 6 figures
Semi-coskewnesses and the cross-section of excepted stock returns: Evidence from China
Creators: name: Liu, Weiyi
name: Zhou, Huilin
name: Luo, Ronghua
name: Liang, Xuan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: China
Semicovariances
Semi-coskewnesses
Cross-sectional return variation
High-frequency data

description: We propose an alternative nonlinear semi-risk measure, by decomposing the traditional coskewness into four components associated with the signed excess market and asset returns, that captures the asymmetries in nonlinear markets. We find that the two semi-coskewnesses attributable to (positive) negative excess market returns predict significantly (lower) higher future returns based on high-frequency data from China's A-share market. After conducting a wide range of implementations, the risk premium for negative coskewness stands out as the most significant, followed by the premium for mixed negative coskewness. In contrast, the results for positive and mixed positive coskewnesses are not always significantly negative. More importantly from an economically meaningful perspective, for a downside risk premium of 25.40% per annum, a 2-standard-deviation increase in negative semi-coskewness gives rise to an increase of approximately 13.71% in annual expected return.
description: Funding provided by: National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/01h0zpd94Award Number: 72373119
Funding provided by: Humanities and Social Science Fund of Ministry of Education of ChinaCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013139Award Number: 21YJC790078
Funding provided by: Project of Cultivation for Young Top-Notch Talents of Beijing Municipal Institutions*Crossref Funder Registry ID: Award Number: BPHR202203176
description: We calculate daily realized semi-coskewnesses using 5-minute intraday returns and aggregate them to obtain weekly frequency based on all the listed stocks of China's A-share stock market. We also extract market capitalization, turnover rate, and book-to-market ratio for each stock from the CRSP database and the RESSET Financial Research database respectively. Lastly, we use daily returns to compute weekly returns, realized (co)moments, realized semi-risk factors, and lagged returns as well as maximum/minimum returns over the previous month.
Diameter-Dependent Electronic Transport Properties of Au-Catalyst/Ge-Nanowire Schottky Diodes
Creators: name: Léonard, François
name: Talin, A. Alec
name: Swartzentruber, B. S.
name: Picraux, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present electronic transport measurements in individual Au-catalyst/Ge-nanowire interfaces demonstrating the presence of a Schottky barrier. Surprisingly, the small-bias conductance density increases with decreasing diameter. Theoretical calculations suggest that this effect arises because electron-hole recombination in the depletion region is the dominant charge transport mechanism, with a diameter dependence of both the depletion width and the electron-hole recombination time. The recombination time is dominated by surface contributions and depends linearly on the nanowire diameter.
description: To appear in Physical Review Letters
Searching for Transient Pulses with the ETA Radio Telescope
Creators: name: Patterson, Cameron D.
name: Ellingson, Steven W.
name: Martin, Brian S.
name: Deshpande, Kshitija
name: Simonetti, John H.
name: Kavic, Michael
name: Cutchin, Sean E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Array-based, direct-sampling radio telescopes have computational and communication requirements unsuited to conventional computer and cluster architectures. Synchronization must be strictly maintained across a large number of parallel data streams, from A/D conversion, through operations such as beamforming, to dataset recording. FPGAs supporting multi-gigabit serial I/O are ideally suited to this application. We describe a recently-constructed radio telescope called ETA having all-sky observing capability for detecting low frequency pulses from transient events such as gamma ray bursts and primordial black hole explosions. Signals from 24 dipole antennas are processed by a tiered arrangement of 28 commercial FPGA boards and 4 PCs with FPGA-based data acquisition cards, connected with custom I/O adapter boards supporting InfiniBand and LVDS physical links. ETA is designed for unattended operation, allowing configuration and recording to be controlled remotely.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
Metallicity distributions in and around galaxies
Creators: name: De Lucia, Gabriella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metals are found in all baryonic phases and environments, and our knowledge of their distribution `in and around galaxies' has significantly improved over the past few years. Theoretical work has shown that the fraction of metals in different baryonic components can vary significantly when different feedback schemes are adopted. Therefore, studies of element abundances provide important information about all gas-dynamical processes which determine the cosmic evolution of baryons. I give here a brief review of recent observational progress, describe the implications of recent theoretical studies, and discuss briefly future prospects.
description: Invited Review given at the Southern Cross Astrophysics Conference on "Galaxy Metabolism" held in Sydney, 22-26 June 2009. Accepted by the Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia (PASA)
Non-thermal Dark Matter in $U(1)_{B-L}$ Extension of Inert Doublet Model
Creators: name: Binjonaid, Maien
name: Elsheshtawy, Ahmed
name: Khalil, Shaaban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the Inert Doublet Model (IDM) that explains both neutrino masses and dark matter (DM) in the intermediate-mass range by incorporating a $U(1)_{B-L}$ gauge symmetry. This additional symmetry enables the inclusion of right-handed neutrinos, providing a natural mechanism for neutrino mass generation. While the CP-even component of the inert doublet can serve as a DM candidate, its thermal relic abundance is insufficient to match the observed DM density. To address this, we introduce a non-thermal production mechanism, where a heavy scalar associated with the $U(1)_{B-L}$ symmetry decays into the inert doublet scalar, yielding a viable relic abundance at low reheating temperatures. We also examine both direct and indirect detection prospects for this DM candidate and assess the model against current experimental constraints.
description: Minor improvements and clarifications
Double roton-minima in bosonic fractional quantum Hall states
Creators: name: Indra, Moumita
name: Jain, Deepak
name: Mondal, Sandip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the collective spin-conserving collective excitation spectra in rotating diluted ultra-cold Bose atoms. Double roton-minima have been observed in the fractional quantum Hall (FQH) states for the two filling fractions ($ν$) of the first series of Jain's composite fermion sequences. The obtained roton-minima for $ν$ = 1/4 are at the wave-vectors 1.26 and 2.38 and the roton-minima for $ν$ = 1/6 have been shifted to 1.08 and 2.06. Such shift of roton-minima is attributed due to strong correlation between the particles in bosonic FQH-system. Moreover, the number of roton minima observed depends upon number of attached fluxes as well as the ranges of interaction between the particles.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, Accepted manuscript in Physica Scripta
Dynamics of biomembranes with active multiple-state inclusions
Creators: name: Chen, Hsuan-Yi
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium dynamics of biomembranes with active inclusions is considered. The inclusions represent protein molecules which perform cyclic internal conformational motions driven by the energy brought with ATP ligands. As protein conformations cyclically change, this induces hydrodynamical flows and also directly affects the local curvature of a membrane. On the other hand, variations in the local curvature of the membrane modify the transitions rates between conformational states in a protein, leading to a feedback in the considered system. Moreover, active inclusions can move diffusively through the membrane so that surface concentration varies. The kinetic description of this system is constructed and the stability of the uniform stationary state is analytically investigated. We show that, as the rate of supply of chemical energy is increased above a certain threshold, this uniform state becomes unstable and stationary or traveling waves spontaneously develop in the system. Such waves are accompanied by periodic spatial variation of membrane curvature and inclusion density. For typical parameter values, their characteristic wavelengths are of the order of hundreds of nanometers. For traveling waves, the characteristic frequency is of the order of a thousand Hz or less.
description: 31 pages
N-Body Simulations of DGP and Degravitation Theories
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
name: Wyman, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform N-body simulations of theories with infinite-volume extra dimensions, such as the Dvali-Gabadadze-Porrati (DGP) model and its higher-dimensional generalizations, where 4D gravity is mediated by massive gravitons. The longitudinal mode of these gravitons mediates an extra scalar force, which we model as a density-dependent modification to the Poisson equation. This enhances gravitational clustering, particularly on scales that have undergone mild nonlinear processing. While the standard non-linear fitting algorithm of Smith et al. overestimates this power enhancement on non-linear scales, we present a modified fitting formula that offers a remarkably good fit to our power spectra. Due to the uncertainty in galaxy bias, our results are consistent with precision power spectrum determinations from galaxy redshift surveys, even for graviton Compton wavelengths as small as 300 Mpc. Our model is sufficiently general that we expect it to capture the phenomenology of a wide class of related higher-dimensional gravity scenarios.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures. v4: version accepted to Physical Review D. Associated code released at http://www.markcwyman.com/Code
Revisiting X-ray Afterglows of Jetted Tidal Disruption Events with the External Reverse Shock
Creators: name: Yuan, Chengchao
name: Winter, Walter
name: Zhang, B. Theodore
name: Murase, Kohta
name: Zhang, Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the external reverse shock region of relativistic jets as the origin of X-ray afterglows of jetted tidal disruption events (TDEs) that exhibit luminous jets accompanied by fast-declining non-thermal X-ray emissions. We model the dynamics of jet propagating within an external density medium, accounting for continuous energy injection driven by accretion activities. We compute the time-dependent synchrotron and inverse Compton emissions from the reverse shock region. Our analysis demonstrates that the reverse shock scenario can potentially explain the X-ray light curves and spectra of four jetted TDEs, AT 2022cmc, Swift J1644, Swift J2058, and Swift J1112. Notably, the rapid steepening of the late-stage X-ray light curves can be attributed jointly to the jet break and cessation of the central engine as the accretion rate drops below the Eddington limit. Using parameters obtained from X-ray data fitting, we also discuss the prospects for $γ$-ray and neutrino detection.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: How do Canadian Corporate Bond Mutual Funds Meet Investor Redemptions?
Creators: name: Ouellet Leblanc, Guillaume
name: Arora, Rohan
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2018

description: When investors redeem their fund shares for cash, fixed-income fund managers can choose whether to draw on their liquid holdings or sell bonds in the secondary market. We analyze the liquidity-management decisions of Canadian corporate bond mutual funds, focusing on the strategies they use to meet investor redemptions.
description: Lorsque les investisseurs vendent leurs parts de fonds communs de placement pour lever des liquidités, les gestionnaires de fonds d’obligations peuvent choisir de puiser dans leurs actifs liquides ou de vendre des obligations dans le marché secondaire. Nous analysons les décisions prises par les fonds d’obligations de sociétés canadiennes en matière de gestion de liquidités, en nous focalisant sur les stratégies qu’ils utilisent pour répondre aux demandes de remboursement des investisseurs.
THE ROLE AND MORALITY OF ENVIRONMENTAL EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THEIR CHILDREN
Creators: name: Abdullayeva Nigora Rakhimovna Senior assistant of the Kokand State Pedagogical Institute
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: this moqola reveals the role of environmental education in the development of preschool children and the strengthening of methods to increase their education and productivity through exercise.

Keywords; preschool age, environmental education, specialty, emoticon, humor, number poems, speech, development, tasks.
Practical large-scale spatio-temporal modeling of particulate matter concentrations
Creators: name: Paciorek, Christopher J.
name: Yanosky, Jeff D.
name: Puett, Robin C.
name: Laden, Francine
name: Suh, Helen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The last two decades have seen intense scientific and regulatory interest in the health effects of particulate matter (PM). Influential epidemiological studies that characterize chronic exposure of individuals rely on monitoring data that are sparse in space and time, so they often assign the same exposure to participants in large geographic areas and across time. We estimate monthly PM during 1988--2002 in a large spatial domain for use in studying health effects in the Nurses' Health Study. We develop a conceptually simple spatio-temporal model that uses a rich set of covariates. The model is used to estimate concentrations of $PM_{10}$ for the full time period and $PM_{2.5}$ for a subset of the period. For the earlier part of the period, 1988--1998, few $PM_{2.5}$ monitors were operating, so we develop a simple extension to the model that represents $PM_{2.5}$ conditionally on $PM_{10}$ model predictions. In the epidemiological analysis, model predictions of $PM_{10}$ are more strongly associated with health effects than when using simpler approaches to estimate exposure. Our modeling approach supports the application in estimating both fine-scale and large-scale spatial heterogeneity and capturing space--time interaction through the use of monthly-varying spatial surfaces. At the same time, the model is computationally feasible, implementable with standard software, and readily understandable to the scientific audience. Despite simplifying assumptions, the model has good predictive performance and uncertainty characterization.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS204 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: storage-agnostic, cloud-independent, abstract logic network
title: Parallel, asynchronous, load balanced, distributed network
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Stone, Travis Raymond-Charlie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Highlights of the System Design:

Data Input Node: Entry point of information into the system

Switching Hub: Directs information toward available processing resources

Processing Clusters A & B: Work in parallel and asynchronously

Memory Layers:

SSD for high-speed access

HDD for large-volume, slower access

Modulation Unit: Governs performance dynamics (convergence/divergence logic)

Feedback Engine: Implements recursive bifurcation and optimization pathways

Output Interface: Exports results from the system

Closed-Loop Feedback: Enables real-time load balancing and adaptive performance without external cloud interfacing

Summary of Intent as possible with this new mathematical framework for:

Data Processing, Manipulation, and Optimization

via a system grounded in:

Parallelism

Asynchronous Processing

Load Balancing

Distributed Computing

Convergence/Divergence Reasoning

Recursive Bifurcation Logic

Performance Modulation & Adaptation

All for the ultimate goal of:

Hardware-level Calculations to enable a next-generation computational logic system with efficiency gains at the circuitry, switching, and data routing levels.

 

Internal Understanding:

 

1. Data as Energy Flow:

Data flow = Energy flow through circuit structures

Nodes = Processing units or gates

Switches = State-changing mechanisms

Routes = Dynamic pathways determined by conditions

Circuits = Closed loop or recursive paths for data conservation or amplification

 

2. Performance Control Principles:

Data moving through the system will dynamically adjust its pathway based on:

Load conditions

Processing bottlenecks

Target optimization metric (speed, stability, resource usage)

 

This requires:

Local + Global Awareness across all system components.

3. Core Mathematical Control Systems

Control Layer Function Mathematical Focus

Routing Logic Optimal data pathing Graph theory, Dynamic weight matrices

Switching Logic Data-state change triggers Boolean gates, Threshold functions

Load Balancing Equalize resource usage Adaptive optimization, Gradient balancing

Convergence Control Stabilize recursive processes Exponential decay, Converging sequences

Divergence Control Accelerate dynamic growth Recursive bifurcation, Controlled instability

Performance Modulation Real-time feedback adjustments Feedback loops, Lyapunov analysis

 

4. Hardware-Level Thinking Preparation:

 

the system is conceptually similar to:

Quantum gates (but classical-friendly)

Energy conservation laws

Charge/discharge cycles

Reversible logic potential

Minimal-loss data transport

 

Final Note:

This is a precision system architecture project grounded in mathematics, physics, and advanced computational theory.

 

Awaiting your next directive.
New approaches to understand species-habitat relationship using Indigenous Knowledge and scientific data
Creators: name: Gryba, Rowenna
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Indigenous Knowledge (IK) holds information on the relationships between animals and their environment, among many other things. Although the depth of ecological information embodied within IK is often recognized, it is rarely included in species-habitat models as a sole data source or combined with scientific data. In partnership with IK holders, I have developed methods to include IK in statistical approaches to model species-habitat relationships. First, I documented IK focused on species-habitat relationships of ringed seals (natchiq in Iñupiaq; Pusa hispida), bearded seals (ugruk; Erignathus barbatus), and spotted seals (qasigiaq; Phoca largha), in the waters near three Arctic communities: Utqiaġivk, Tikiġaq, and Kotzebue, Alaska. Results showed that all three species use currents during foraging activity, which is not a behaviour captured by previous satellite telemetry studies, but have differing associations with sea ice and thus potentially different responses to climate change. Regional differences in seal behaviour and habitat between the IK from each community were also apparent, highlighting changes along species migration routes. I then developed methods for species-habitat models that rely on IK as the sole data source. The method provides an approach to interpret different types of IK as probability of species presence associated with different habitat types, including dynamic habitat covariates, and combines them in a single model. I applied the method to ringed seals, providing an approach where IK is presented in a way that can be easily considered and included in current species and ecosystem management frameworks. Next, I developed a method to include IK as informed priors and habitat covariates in Bayesian habitat selection functions applied to animal movement data. I show that the inclusion of IK in habitat selection functions can identify important areas for the species that would not have been predicted using scientific data alone, due to the lack of data at appropriate scales. Overall, my work has provided new methods to include IK in species-habitat modelling, highlighting the depth of ecological information within IK. These methods provide approaches to better our understanding of species-habitat relationships that can fully consider IK in species management and conservation.