cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Lightweaver Framework for NLTE Radiative Transfer in Python
Creators: name: Osborne, Christopher M J
name: Milić, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tools for computing detailed optically thick spectral line profiles out of local thermodynamic equilibrium have always been focused on speed, due to the large computational effort involved. With the Lightweaver framework, we have produced a more flexible, modular toolkit for building custom tools in a high-level language, Python, without sacrificing speed against the current state of the art. The goal of providing a more flexible method for constructing these complex simulations is to decrease the barrier to entry and allow more rapid exploration of the field. In this paper we present an overview of the theory of optically thick NLTE radiative transfer, the numerical methods implemented in Lightweaver including the problems of time-dependent populations and charge-conservation, as well as an overview of the components most users will interact with, to demonstrate their flexibility.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Marketing polityczny a degradacja kultury politycznej w systemie liberalno-demokratycznym
Creators: name: Scheffs, Łukasz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: marketing polityczny
kultura polityczna
demokracja
polityka
politologia

description: Marketing polityczny a degradacja kultury politycznej w systemie liberalno-demokratycznym Kultura polityczna. W poszukiwaniu nowego paradygmatu, 2018 Antkowiak, T. Ludwicki, Ł. Scheffs, A. Siuda, Marketing polityczny a degradacja kultury politycznej w systemie liberalno-demokratycznym, w: Kultura polityczna. W poszukiwaniu nowego paradygmatu, red. A. Stelmach, M. Lorenc, M. Łukaszewski, Poznań 2018, ss. 247-255, ISBN 978-83-65817-25-9.
Coherent Diffraction Imaging of Single 95nm Nanowires
Creators: name: Favre-Nicolin, V.
name: Eymery, J.
name: Koster, R. K.
name: Gentile, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photonic or electronic confinement effects in nanostructures become significant when one of their dimension is in the 5-300 nm range. Improving their development requires the ability to study their structure - shape, strain field, interdiffusion maps - using novel techniques. We have used coherent diffraction imaging to record the 3-dimensionnal scattered intensity of single silicon nanowires with a lateral size smaller than 100 nm. We show that this intensity can be used to recover the hexagonal shape of the nanowire with a 28nm resolution. The article also discusses limits of the method in terms of radiation damage.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Reverse Logistics PlayBook
Creators: name: Mallick, Pravin Kumar
name: Bang Salling, Kim
name: Pigosso, Daniela Cristina Antelmi
name: McAloone, Tim C.
Publisher: name: Technical University of Denmark
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management
classificationCode: 410499
subject: Environmental management not elsewhere classified

description: The Reverse Logistics PlayBook provides information and contextual insights into the various dimensions of Reverse Logistics within the Reverse Logistics Support Tool (RLST). It keeps the same modular structure and the RL canvas in perspective, as in the RLST. The PlayBook aims to enhance the understanding of users on RL and facilitate decision-making.This data is part of the Collection - Reverse Logistics Support Tool (10.11583/DTU.c.6839169)
Josephson current transport through a Quantum Dot in an Aharonov-Bohm Ring
Creators: name: Cheng, Shu-guang
name: Xing, Yanxia
name: Xie, X. C.
name: Sun, Qing-feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Josephson current through an Aharonov-Bohm (AB) interferometer, in which a quantum dot (QD) is situated on one arm and a magnetic flux $Φ$ threads through the ring, has been investigated. With the existence of the magnetic flux, the relation of the Josephson current and the superconductor phase is complex, and the system can be adjusted to $π$ junction by either modulating the magnetic flux or the QD's energy level $\varepsilon_d$. Due to the electron-hole symmetry, the Josephson current $I$ has the property $I(\varepsilon_d,Φ)=I(-\varepsilon_d,Φ+π)$. The Josephson current exhibits a jump when a pair of Andreev bound states aligns with the Fermi energy. The condition for the current jump is given. In particularly, we find that the position of the current jump and the position of the maximum value of the critical current $I_c$ are identical. Due to the interference between the two paths, the critical current $I_c$ versus the QD's level $\varepsilon_d$ shows a typical Fano shape, which is similar to the Fano effect in the corresponding normal device. But they also show some differences. For example, the critical current never reaches zero for any parameters, while the current in the normal device can reach zero at the destruction point.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Dimensional Reduction and Hadronic Processes
Creators: name: Signer, Adrian
name: Stöckinger, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the application of regularization by dimensional reduction to NLO corrections of hadronic processes. The general collinear singularity structure is discussed, the origin of the regularization-scheme dependence is identified and transition rules to other regularization schemes are derived.
description: 3 pages, proceedings of SUSY08, June 16 - 21, 2008, Seoul, Korea
Additional file 4 of “The PLCP gene family of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.): characterization and differential expression in response to Plasmopara Viticola”
Creators: name: Kang, Jun
name: Gong, Peijie
name: Ge, Mengqing
name: Sadeghnezhad, Ehsan
name: Liu, Zhongjie
name: Zhang, Mengwei
name: Shangguan, Lingfei
name: Fang, Jinggui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S3: The Ka/Ks ratios and divergence between paralogous VvPLCP gene pairs.
Sello FECYT convocatoria 2020
Creators: name: Varo-Ortega, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: apoyo a la edición
calidad editorial
revistas científicas
bibliotecas
Sello de calidad FECYT

description: Formación para las revistas de la Editorial Universidad de Sevilla sobre la VII convocatoria del Sello de Calidad FECYT 2020
Scalar emission in a rotating Gödel black hole
Creators: name: Chen, Songbai
name: Wang, Bin
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the absorption probability and Hawking radiation of the scalar field in the rotating Gödel black hole in minimal five-dimensional gauged supergravity. We find that Gödel parameter $j$ imprints in the greybody factor and Hawking radiation. It plays a different role from the angular momentum of the black hole in the Hawking radiation and super-radiance. These information can help us know more about rotating Gödel black holes in minimal five-dimensional gauged supergravity.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, This version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D contains a minor modification and two new references
Quantum effects in structural and elastic properties of graphite: Path-integral simulations
Creators: name: Herrero, Carlos P.
name: Ramirez, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphite, as a well-known carbon-based solid, is a paradigmatic example of the so-called van der Waals layered materials, which display a large anisotropy in their physical properties. Here we study quantum effects in structural and elastic properties of graphite by using path-integral molecular dynamics simulations in the temperature range from 50 to 1500~K. This method takes into account quantization and anharmonicity of vibrational modes in the material. Our results are compared with those found by using classical molecular dynamics simulations. We analyze the volume and in-plane area as functions of temperature and external stress. The quantum motion is essential to correctly describe the in-plane and out-of-plane thermal expansion. Quantum effects cause also changes in the elastic properties of graphite with respect to a classical model. At low temperature we find an appreciable decrease in the linear elastic constants, mainly in $C_{12}$ and $C_{44}$. Quantum corrections in stiffness constants can be in some cases even larger than 20\%. The bulk modulus and Poisson's ratio are reduced in a 4\% and 19\%, respectively, due to zero-point motion of the C atoms. These quantum effects in structural and elastic properties of graphite are nonnegligible up to temperatures higher than 300~K.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Robustifying Controller Specifications of Cyber-Physical Systems Against Perceptual Uncertainty
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Tsutomu
name: Salay, Rick
name: Hasuo, Ichiro
name: Czarnecki, Krzysztof
name: Ishikawa, Fuyuki
name: Katsumata, Shin-ya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Formal reasoning on the safety of controller systems interacting with plants is complex because developers need to specify behavior while taking into account perceptual uncertainty. To address this, we propose an automated workflow that takes an Event-B model of an uncertainty-unaware controller and a specification of uncertainty as input. First, our workflow automatically injects the uncertainty into the original model to obtain an uncertainty-aware but potentially unsafe controller. Then, it automatically robustifies the controller so that it satisfies safety even under the uncertainty. The case study shows how our workflow helps developers to explore multiple levels of perceptual uncertainty. We conclude that our workflow makes design and analysis of uncertainty-aware controller systems easier and more systematic.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, author version of the manuscript of the same name published in the proceedings of the 13th NASA Formal Methods Symposium (NFM 2021)
Quasimonoenergetic electron beams produced by colliding cross-polarized laser pulses in underdense plasmas
Creators: name: Rechatin, C.
name: Faure, J.
name: Lifschitz, A.
name: Davoine, X.
name: Lefebvre, E.
name: Malka, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction of two laser pulses in an underdense plasma has proven to be able to inject electrons in plasma waves, thus providing a stable and tunable source of electrons. Whereas previous works focused on the "beatwave" injection scheme in which two lasers with the same polarization collide in a plasma, this present letter studies the effect of polarization and more specifically the interaction of two colliding cross-polarized laser pulses. It is shown both theoretically and experimentally that electrons can also be pre-accelerated and injected by the stochastic heating occurring at the collision of two cross-polarized lasers and thus, a new regime of optical injection is demonstrated. It is found that injection with cross-polarized lasers occurs at higher laser intensities.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Impact of self-association on the architectural properties of bacterial nucleoid proteins
Creators: name: Joyeux, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The chromosomal DNA of bacteria is folded into a compact body called the nucleoid, which is composed essentially of DNA (80%), RNA (10%), and a number of different proteins (10%). These nucleoid proteins act as regulators of gene expression and influence the organization of the nucleoid by bridging, bending, or wrapping the DNA. These so-called architectural properties of nucleoid proteins are still poorly understood. For example, the reason why certain proteins compact the DNA coil in certain environments but make instead the DNA more rigid in other environments is the matter of ongoing debates. Here, we address the question of the impact of the self-association of nucleoid proteins on their architectural properties and try to determine whether differences in self-association are sufficient to induce large changes in the organization of the DNA coil. More specifically, we developed two coarse-grained models of proteins, which interact identically with the DNA but self-associate differently by forming either clusters or filaments in the absence of the DNA. We showed through Brownian dynamics simulations that self-association of the proteins increases dramatically their ability to shape the DNA coil. Moreover, we observed that cluster-forming proteins compact significantly the DNA coil (similar to the DNA-bridging mode of H-NS proteins), whereas filament-forming proteins increase instead significantly the stiffness of the DNA chain (similar to the DNA-stiffening mode of H-NS proteins). This work consequently suggests that the knowledge of the DNA-binding properties of the proteins is in itself not sufficient to understand their architectural properties. Rather, their self-association properties must also be investigated in detail, because they might actually drive the formation of different DNA/protein complexes.
Persistent spin current in nano-devices and definition of the spin current
Creators: name: Sun, Qing-feng
name: Xie, X. C.
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate two closely related subjects: (i) existence of a pure persistent spin current in semiconducting mesoscopic device with a spin-orbit interaction's (SOI), and (ii) the definition of the spin current in the presence of SOI. Through physical argument from four physical pictures in different aspects, we provide strong evidences that the persistent spin current does exist in a device with SOI in the absence of any magnetic materials. This persistent spin current is an analog of the persistent charge current in a mesoscopic ring threaded by a magnetic flux, and it describes the real spin motion and can be measured experimentally. We then investigate the definition of the spin current. We point out that (i) the non-zero spin current in the equilibrium SOI device is the persistent spin current, (ii) the spin current is in general not conserved, and (iii) the Onsager relation is violated for the spin transport no matter what definition of the spin current is used. These issues, the non-zero spin current in the equilibrium case, the non-conserved spin current, and the violation of the Onsager relation, are intrinsic properties of spin transport. We note that the conventional definition of the spin current has very clear physical intuition and describes the spin motion very well. Therefore we feel that the conventional definition of the spin current makes physical sense and there is no need to modify it. In addition, the relationship between the persistent spin current and transport spin current, the persistent linear and angular spin currents in the SOI region of the hybrid ring, are discussed. Finally, we show that if the spin-spin interaction is included into the Hamiltonian, the persistent spin current is automatically conserved using the conventional definition.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures, the long version of Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 196801 (2007)
title: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization, Supporters and Sponsors
Creators: name: Schulz, Claudia
name: Liew, Daniel
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Frontmatter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Supporters and Sponsors

description: Frontmatter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization, Supporters and Sponsors
description: OASIcs, Vol. 49, 2015 Imperial College Computing Student Workshop (ICCSW 2015), pages i-xiv
Shock Waves in the Large-Scale Structure of the Universe
Creators: name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Kang, Hyesung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological shock waves are induced during hierarchical formation of large-scale structure in the universe. Like most astrophysical shocks, they are collisionless, since they form in the tenuous intergalactic medium through electromagnetic viscosities. The gravitational energy released during structure formation is transferred by these shocks to the intergalactic gas as heat, cosmic-rays, turbulence, and magnetic fields. Here we briefly describe the properties and consequences of the shock waves in the context of the large-scale structure of the universe.
description: Submitted to Astrophysics and Space Science (Special Issue for the proceedings of International Conference on HEDP/HEDLA-08). Pdf with full resolution Figure 1 can be downloaded from http://canopus.cnu.ac.kr/ryu/rk.pdf
Fabrication, Electrical Characterization and Simulation
of Thin Film Solar Cells: CdTe and CIGS Materials
Creators: name: Es'haghi Gorji, Nima <1984>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: ING-IND/31 Elettrotecnica

description: CdTe and Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) thin film solar cells are fabricated, electrically characterized and modelled in this thesis. We start from the fabrication of CdTe thin ﬁlm devices where the R.F. magnetron sputtering system is used to deposit the CdS/CdTe based solar cells. The chlorine post-growth treatment is modiﬁed in order to uniformly cover the cell surface and reduce the probability of pinholes and shunting pathways creation which, in turn, reduces the series resistance. The deionized water etching is proposed, for the ﬁrst time, as the simplest solution to optimize the effect of shunt resistance, stability and metal-semiconductor inter-diffusion at the back contact. In continue, oxygen incorporation is proposed while CdTe layer deposition. This technique has been rarely examined through R.F sputtering deposition of such devices. The above experiments are characterized electrically and optically by current-voltage characterization, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction and optical spectroscopy. Furthermore, for the ﬁrst time, the degradation rate of CdTe devices over time is numerically simulated through AMPS and SCAPS simulators.  It is proposed that the instability of electrical parameters is coupled with the material properties and external stresses (bias, temperature and illumination). Then, CIGS materials are simulated and characterized by several techniques such as surface photovoltage spectroscopy is used (as a novel idea) to extract the band gap of graded band gap CIGS layers, surface or bulk defect states. The surface roughness is scanned by atomic force microscopy on nanometre scale to obtain the surface topography of the ﬁlm. The modiﬁed equivalent circuits are proposed and the band gap graded profiles are simulated by AMPS simulator and several graded proﬁles are examined in order to optimize their thickness, grading strength and electrical parameters. Furthermore, the transport mechanisms and Auger generation phenomenon are modelled in CIGS devices.
Evaluation of mutual information estimators on nonlinear dynamic systems
Creators: name: Papana, A.
name: Kugiumtzis, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mutual information is a nonlinear measure used in time series analysis in order to measure the linear and non-linear correlations at any lag $τ$. The aim of this study is to evaluate some of the most commonly used mutual information estimators, i.e. estimators based on histograms (with fixed or adaptive bin size), $k$-nearest neighbors and kernels. We assess the accuracy of the estimators by Monte-Carlo simulations on time series from nonlinear dynamical systems of varying complexity. As the true mutual information is generally unknown, we investigate the existence and rate of consistency of the estimators (convergence to a stable value with the increase of time series length), and the degree of deviation among the estimators. The results show that the $k$-nearest neighbor estimator is the most stable and less affected by the method-specific parameter.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, 1 table,
The emotional block in mathematics : a multivariate study
Creators: name: Gaskill, James Leslie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Tie purpose of this study was to study the relationships between a group of affective variables, associated with the notion of an "emotional block" in mathematics, and achievement in mathematics. Five independent variables - were considered: achievement responsibility (locus of control), measured by the Intellectual Achievement Besponsibility Scale; anxiety in mathematics, value of mathematics to society, self-concept of ability to learn mathematics and enjoyment of mathematics, measured by scales from the Sandman battery; and value of mathematics for oneself, measured by an author constructed scale. The three dependent achievement variables were computation, measured by the Stanford Achievement Test and concepts and problem solving measured by the Canadian Test of Basic Skills. Nonlinear and interactive hypotheses were suggested by the theory of Achievement Motivation. The scales were administered to 1033 students at the grade six level. The scores were standardized within each class to remove class effects. The sample was randomly split into two samples, one to be retained for cross validation. No significant difference was found between the variance-covariance matrix of males and that of the females. The data were subsequently pooled. Stepwise regression analysis indicated that self-concept alone explained approximately 20% of the achievement variance. In the case of computation, mathematics anxiety was also included accounting for an additional 2%. Principal component analysis and orthogonal rotation of the set of affective scales revealed three factors. These were interpreted as a motivational factor (loadings from self-concept, anxiety and enjoyment), a value factor (loadings from the two value scales), and an achievement responsibility factors Factor scores for each student were calculated. Using these scores, stepwise regression showed that, with the exception of the value factor entering into the equation for computation, the motivation factor was the only one retained. None of the non-linear or interactive hypotheses were significant. The above analyses were repeated using the cross validation samplel. All the findings were confirmed. It was concluded that the group of three variables, self-concept of ability, enjoyment and anxiety in mathematics should be included in studies dealing with motivation in mathematics. It was suggested that self-concept could be interpreted as the cognitive component of anxiety and that enjoyment as the emotional component. It was also suggested that attempts to alter anxiety in mathematics could be made by altering self-concept and enjoyment.
The Evolutionary Reduction Principle for Linear Variation in Genetic Transmission
Creators: name: Altenberg, Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The evolution of genetic systems has been analyzed through the use of modifier gene models, in which a neutral gene is posited to control the transmission of other genes under selection. Analysis of modifier gene models has found the manifestations of an "evolutionary reduction principle": in a population near equilibrium, a new modifier allele that scales equally all transition probabilities between different genotypes under selection can invade if and only if it reduces the transition probabilities. Analytical results on the reduction principle have always required some set of constraints for tractability: limitations to one or two selected loci, two alleles per locus, specific selection regimes or weak selection, specific genetic processes being modified, extreme or infinitesimal effects of the modifier allele, or tight linkage between modifier and selected loci. Here, I prove the reduction principle in the absence of any of these constraints, confirming a twenty-year old conjecture. The proof is obtained by a wider application of Karlin's Theorem 5.2 (1982) and its extension to ML-matrices, substochastic matrices, and reducible matrices.
description: 22 pages, 1 figure
title: Das vergessene Gedenken / Text von Dr. Christoph Kuhl ; gelesen von Andreas Eichner
Creators: name: Kuhl, Christoph
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Rezension von:
Nordmann, Julia Katharina 
Das vergessene Gedenken : die Trauer- und Gedenkkultur der Bundeswehr / von Julia Katharina Nordmann. - Berlin ; Boston : De Gruyter Oldenbourg, [2022]. - VII, 515 Seiten. 
(Beiträge zur Militärgeschichte / begründet vom Militärgeschichtlichen Forschungsamt ; herausgegeben vom Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr ; Band 80) 
Quellen und Literatur: Seite [438]-510. - Dissertation, Universität Potsdam, 2019. 
ISBN 978-3-11-078400-8
description: Angelesen. : das Buchjournal des ZMSBw / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [82]
Geometric dephasing-limited Hanle effect in long-distance lateral silicon spin transport devices
Creators: name: Huang, Biqin
name: Jang, Hyuk-Jae
name: Appelbaum, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence of spin precession and dephasing ("Hanle effect") induced by an external magnetic field is the only unequivocal proof of spin-polarized conduction electron transport in semiconductor devices. However, when spin dephasing is very strong, Hanle effect in a uniaxial magnetic field can be impossible to measure. Using a Silicon device with lateral injector-detector separation over 2 millimeters, and geometrically-induced dephasing making spin transport completely incoherent, we show experimentally and theoretically that Hanle effect can still be measured using a two-axis magnetic field.
title: Die Ardennen-Offensive 1944 : [ZMSBw 04368-06, Die Ardennen-Offensive vom 16. bis 24.12.1944] / Grafik/Karten: Bernd Nogli ; Text: Heiner Bröckermann
Creators: name: Bröckermann, Heiner
Publisher: name: ZMSBw
Year: 2023

description: Die aktuelle Karte : historische Ereignisse in Kartenansicht / Zentrum für Militärgeschichte und Sozialwissenschaften der Bundeswehr; [21]
Relay vs. User Cooperation in Time-Duplexed Multiaccess Networks
Creators: name: Sankar, Lalitha
name: Kramer, Gerhard
name: Mandayam, Narayan B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The performance of user-cooperation in a multi-access network is compared to that of using a wireless relay. Using the total transmit and processing power consumed at all nodes as a cost metric, the outage probabilities achieved by dynamic decode-and-forward (DDF) and amplify-and-forward (AF) are compared for the two networks. A geometry-inclusive high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) outage analysis in conjunction with area-averaged numerical simulations shows that user and relay cooperation achieve a maximum diversity of K and 2 respectively for a K-user multiaccess network under both DDF and AF. However, when accounting for energy costs of processing and communication, relay cooperation can be more energy efficient than user cooperation, i.e., relay cooperation achieves coding (SNR) gains, particularly in the low SNR regime, that override the diversity advantage of user cooperation.
description: Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, August 2008
The Scales of Human Mobility
Creators: name: Alessandretti, Laura
name: Aslak, Ulf
name: Lehmann, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a contradiction at the heart of our current understanding of individual and collective mobility patterns. On one hand, a highly influential stream of literature on human mobility driven by analyses of massive empirical datasets finds that human movements show no evidence of characteristic spatial scales. There, human mobility is described as scale-free. On the other hand, in geography, the concept of scale, referring to meaningful levels of description from individual buildings through neighborhoods, cities, regions, and countries, is central for the description of various aspects of human behavior such as socio-economic interactions, or political and cultural dynamics. Here, we resolve this apparent paradox by showing that day-to-day human mobility does indeed contain meaningful scales, corresponding to spatial containers restricting mobility behavior. The scale-free results arise from aggregating displacements across containers. We present a simple model, which given a person's trajectory, infers their neighborhoods, cities, and so on, as well as the sizes of these geographical containers. We find that the containers characterizing the trajectories of more than 700,000 individuals do indeed have typical sizes. We show that our model generates highly realistic trajectories without overfitting and provides a new lens through which to understand the differences in mobility behaviour across countries, gender groups, and urban-rural areas.
Resonant Plasmon-Soliton Interaction
Creators: name: Bliokh, K. Y.
name: Bliokh, Y. P.
name: Ferrando, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an effective resonant interaction between two localized wave modes of different nature: a plasmon-polariton at a metal surface and a self-focusing beam (spatial soliton) in a non-linear dielectric medium. Propagating in the same direction, they represent an exotic coupled-waveguide system, where the resonant interaction is controlled by the soliton amplitude. This non-linear system manifests hybridized plasmon-soliton eigenmodes, mutual conversion, and non-adiabatic switching, which offer exciting opportunities for manipulation of plasmons via spatial solitons.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
High resolution calibration of the cosmic strings velocity dependent one-scale model
Creators: name: Correia, J. R. C. C. C.
name: Martins, C. J. A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The canonical velocity-dependent one-scale (VOS) model for cosmic string evolution must be calibrated using high resolution numerical simulations, We exploit our state of the art graphics processing unit accelerated implementation of the evolution of local Abelian-Higgs string networks to provide a detailed and statistically robust calibration of the VOS model. We rely on the largest set of high resolution simulations carried out to date, with a wide range of cosmological expansion rates, and explore the impact of key numerical parameters, including the dynamic range (comparing box sizes from $1024^3$ to $4096^3$), the lattice spacing, and the choice of numerical estimators for the string velocity. We explore the sensitivity of the VOS model parameters to these numerical parameters, with a particular emphasis on the observationally crucial loop chopping efficiency, and also identify key differences between the equation of state and conjugate momentum estimators for the string velocities, showing that the latter one is more reliable for fast expansion rates (while in Minkowski space the opposite has been previously shown). Finally, we briefly illustrate how our results impact observational constraints on cosmic strings.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables; Phys. Rev. D (in press)
CP-violating Higgs at Tevatron
Creators: name: Das, Siba Prasad
name: Datta, Amitava
name: Drees, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the prospect for observing the intermediate neutral Higgs ($h_2$) boson in its decay to two lighter Higgs bosons ($h_1$) at the Tevatron in the framework of the CP violating MSSM using the PYTHIA event generator. We consider the lepton+ 4-jets+ $\met$ channel from $p \bar p \ra W h_2 \ra W h_1 h_1 \ra l ν_l b \bar b b\bar b$, with two or three tagged $b$ jets. We found that it is very hard to observe this signature in the LEP-allowed region of parameter space, due to the small signal efficiency.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the proceedings of SUSY08, Seoul, Korea
Modified Newton's gravity in Finsler Space as a possible alternative to dark matter hypothesis
Creators: name: Chang, Zhe
name: Li, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A modified Newton's gravity is obtained as the weak field approximation of the Einstein's equation in Finsler space. It is found that a specified Finsler structure makes the modified Newton's gravity equivalent to the modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND). In the framework of Finsler geometry, the flat rotation curves of spiral galaxies can be deduced naturally without invoking dark matter.
description: some changes have been added, to be published in Phy. Lett. B
Testing the inverse-Compton catastrophe scenario in the intra-day variable blazar S5 0716+71, III. Rapid and correlated flux density variability from radio to sub-mm bands
Creators: name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Witzel, A.
name: Kraus, A.
name: Britzen, S.
name: Bernhart, S.
name: Impellizzeri, C. M. V.
name: Agudo, I.
name: Klare, J.
name: Sohn, B. W.
name: Angelakis, E.
name: Bach, U.
name: Gab'anyi, K. 'E.
name: K"ording, E.
name: Pagels, A.
name: Zensus, J. A.
name: Wagner, S. J.
name: Ostorero, L.
name: Ungerechts, H.
name: Grewing, M.
name: Tornikoski, M.
name: Apponi, A. J.
name: Vila-Vilar'o, B.
name: Ziurys, L. M.
name: Strom, R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BL Lac object S5 0716+71 was observed in a global multi-frequency campaign to search for rapid and correlated flux density variability and signatures of an inverse-Compton (IC) catastrophe during the states of extreme apparent brightness temperatures. The observing campaign involved simultaneous monitoring at radio to IR/optical wavelengths centered around a 500-ks INTEGRAL pointing (November 10-17, 2003). We present the combined analysis and results of the cm- to sub-mm observations including a detailed study of the inter- to intra-day variability and spectral characteristics of 0716+714. We further constrain the variability brightness temperatures (T_B) and Doppler factors (delta) comparing the radio-bands with the hard X-ray emission (3-200 keV). 0716+714 was in an exceptionally high state (outburst) and different (slower) phase of short-term variability. The flux density variability in the cm- to mm-bands is dominated by a correlated, ~4 day time scale amplitude increase of up to ~35% systematically more pronounced towards shorter wavelengths. This contradicts expectations from standard interstellar scintillation (ISS) and suggests a source-intrinsic origin of the variability. The derived lower limits to T_B exceed the 10^12 K IC-limit by up to 3-4 orders of magnitude. Assuming relativistic boosting, we obtain robust and self-consistent lower limits of delta >= 5-33, in good agreement with delta_VLBI obtained from VLBI studies and the IC-Doppler factors delta_IC > 14-16 obtained from the INTEGRAL data. Since a strong contribution from ISS can be excluded and a simultaneous IC catastrophe was not observed, we conclude that relativistic Doppler boosting naturally explains the apparent violation of the theoretical limits within standard synchrotron-self-Compton (SSC) jet models of AGN.
description: 20 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
A Spectroscopically Unique Main Belt Asteroid: 10537 (1991 RY16)
Creators: name: Moskovitz, Nicholas A.
name: Lawrence, Samuel
name: Jedicke, Robert
name: Willman, Mark
name: Haghighipour, Nader
name: Bus, Schelte J.
name: Gaidos, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present visible and near-infrared reflectance spectra and interpreted surface mineralogy for asteroid 10537 (1991 RY16). The spectrum of this object is without precedent amongst the Main Belt asteroids. A unique absorption band centered at 0.63 microns could be attributed to one of several mineralogies. Pronounced 1- and 2-micron absorption bands suggest that the composition of 10537 is a mixture of pyroxenes and olivine and that it originated from a parent body that was partially or fully differentiated. The closest available analog is the large Main Belt asteroid 349 Dembowska but 10537 may be an isolated fragment from a completely eroded parent body.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, to be published in ApJ Letters
Non-equilibrium self-assembly of a filament coupled to ATP/GTP hydrolysis
Creators: name: Ranjith, Padinhateeri
name: Lacoste, David
name: Mallick, Kirone
name: Joanny, Jean-Francois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the stochastic dynamics of growth and shrinkage of single actin filaments or microtubules taking into account insertion, removal, and ATP/GTP hydrolysis of subunits. The resulting phase diagram contains three different phases: a rapidly growing phase, an intermediate phase and a bound phase. We analyze all these phases, with an emphasis on the bound phase. We also discuss how hydrolysis affects force-velocity curves. The bound phase shows features of dynamic instability, which we characterize in terms of the time needed for the ATP/GTP cap to disappear as well as the time needed for the filament to reach a length of zero, i.e., (to collapse) for the first time. We obtain exact expressions for all these quantities, which we test using Monte Carlo simulations.
description: 34 pages
Quantum Integrability in Non-Linear Sigma Models related to Gauge/String Correspondences
Creators: name: Fabbri, Alessandro <1985>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: FIS/02 Fisica teorica, modelli e metodi matematici

description: The Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz analysis is carried out for the extended-CP^N class of integrable 2-dimensional Non-Linear Sigma Models related to the low energy limit of the AdS_4xCP^3 type IIA superstring theory. The principal aim of this program is to obtain further non-perturbative consistency check to the S-matrix proposed to describe the scattering processes between the fundamental excitations of the theory by analyzing the structure of the Renormalization Group flow. As a noteworthy byproduct we eventually obtain a novel class of TBA models which fits in the known classification but with several important differences. The TBA framework allows the evaluation of some exact quantities related to the conformal UV limit of the model: effective central charge, conformal dimension of the perturbing operator and field content of the underlying CFT. The knowledge of this physical quantities has led to the possibility of conjecturing a perturbed CFT realization of the integrable models in terms of coset Kac-Moody CFT. The set of numerical tools and programs developed ad hoc to solve the problem at hand is also discussed in some detail with references to the code.
Quantum hypothesis testing for exoplanet detection
Creators: name: Huang, Zixin
name: Lupo, Cosmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting the faint emission of a secondary source in the proximity of the much brighter source has been the most severe obstacle for using direct imaging in searching for exoplanets. Using quantum state discrimination and quantum imaging techniques, we show that one can significantly reduce the probability of error for detecting the presence of a weak secondary source, even when the two sources have small angular separations. If the weak source has relative intensity $ε\ll 1 $ to the bright source, we find that the error exponent can be improved by a factor of $1/ε$. We also find the linear-optical measurements that are optimal in this regime. Our result serves as a complementary method in the toolbox of optical imaging, from astronomy to microscopy.
Bounding the Hubble flow in terms of the w parameter
Creators: name: Cattoen, Celine
name: Visser, Matt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The last decade has seen increasing efforts to circumscribe and bound the cosmological Hubble flow in terms of model-independent constraints on the cosmological fluid - such as, for instance, the classical energy conditions of general relativity. Quite a bit can certainly be said in this regard, but much more refined bounds can be obtained by placing more precise constraints (either theoretical or observational) on the cosmological fluid. In particular, the use of the w-parameter (w=p/rho) has become increasingly common as a surrogate for trying to say something about the cosmological equation of state. Herein we explore the extent to which a constraint on the w-parameter leads to useful and nontrivial constraints on the Hubble flow, in terms of constraints on density rho(z), Hubble parameter H(z), density parameter Omega(z), cosmological distances d(z), and lookback time T(z). In contrast to other partial results in the literature, we carry out the computations for arbitrary values of the space curvature k in [-1,0,+1], equivalently for arbitrary Omega_0 <= 1.
description: 15 pages
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
Creators: name: Carro, Manuel
name: King, Andy
name: Saeedloei, Neda
name: De Vos, Marina
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: List of Authors

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, List of Authors
description: OASIcs, Vol. 52, Technical Communications of the 32nd International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2016), pages 0:i-0:xvi
Noise robustness of persistent homology on greyscale images, across filtrations and signatures
Creators: name: Turkeš, Renata
name: Nys, Jannes
name: Verdonck, Tim
name: Latré, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Topological data analysis is a recent and fast growing field that approaches the analysis of datasets using techniques from (algebraic) topology. Its main tool, persistent homology (PH), has seen a notable increase in applications in the last decade. Often cited as the most favourable property of PH and the main reason for practical success are the stability theorems that give theoretical results about noise robustness, since real data is typically contaminated with noise or measurement errors. However, little attention has been paid to what these stability theorems mean in practice. To gain some insight into this question, we evaluate the noise robustness of PH on the MNIST dataset of greyscale images. More precisely, we investigate to what extent PH changes under typical forms of image noise, and quantify the loss of performance in classifying the MNIST handwritten digits when noise is added to the data. The results show that the sensitivity to noise of PH is influenced by the choice of filtrations and persistence signatures (respectively the input and output of PH), and in particular, that PH features are often not robust to noise in a classification task.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Topographic control of order in quasi-2D granular phase transitions
Creators: name: Downs, J. G.
name: Smith, N. D.
name: Mandadapu, K. K.
name: Garrahan, J. P.
name: Smith, M. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally investigate the nature of 2D phase transitions in a quasi-2D granular fluid. Using a surface decorated with periodically spaced dimples we observe interfacial tension between coexisting liquid and crystal phases. Measurements of the orientational and translational order parameters and associated susceptibilities indicate that the surface topography alters the order of the phase transition from a two-step continuous one to a first-order liquid-crystal one. The interplay of boundary inelasticity and geometry, either order-promoting or inhibiting, controls the wetting of the granular crystal / fluid. This order induced wetting has important consequences, determining how coexisting phases separate spatially.
Message passing in fault tolerant quantum error correction
Creators: name: Evans, Z. W. E.
name: Stephens, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by Knill's scheme for message passing error detection, here we develop a scheme for message passing error correction for the nine-qubit Bacon-Shor code. We show that for two levels of concatenated error correction, where classical information obtained at the first level is used to help interpret the syndrome at the second level, our scheme will correct all cases with four physical errors. This results in a reduction of the logical failure rate relative to conventional error correction by a factor proportional to the reciprocal of the physical error rate.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures