cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Harnessing dislocation motion using an electric field
Creators: name: Li, Mingqiang
name: Shen, Yidi
name: Luo, Kun
name: An, Qi
name: Gao, Peng
name: Xiao, Penghao
name: Zou, Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dislocations, line defects in crystalline materials, play an essential role in the mechanical[1,2], electrical[3], optical[4], thermal[5], and phase transition[6] properties of these materials. Dislocation motion, an important mechanism underlying crystal plasticity, is critical for the hardening, processing, and application of a wide range of structural and functional materials[1,7,8]. For decades, the movement of dislocations has been widely observed in crystalline solids under mechanical loading[9-11]. However, the goal of manipulating dislocation motion via a non-mechanical field alone remains elusive. Here, we present real-time observations of dislocation motion controlled solely by an external electric field in single-crystalline zinc sulfide (ZnS). We find that 30° partial dislocations can move back and forth depending on the direction of the electric field, while 90° partial dislocations are motionless. We reveal the nonstoichiometric nature of dislocation cores using atomistic imaging and determine their charge characteristics by density functional theory calculations. The glide barriers of charged 30° partial dislocations, which are lower than those of 90° partial dislocations, further decrease under an electric field, explaining the experimental observations. This study provides direct evidence of dislocation dynamics under a non-mechanical stimulus and opens up the possibility of modulating dislocation-related properties.
description: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41563-023-01572-7
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks as strong gravitational lens detectors
Creators: name: Schaefer, C.
name: Geiger, M.
name: Kuntzer, T.
name: Kneib, J-P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future large-scale surveys with high resolution imaging will provide us with a few $10^5$ new strong galaxy-scale lenses. These strong lensing systems however will be contained in large data amounts which are beyond the capacity of human experts to visually classify in a unbiased way. We present a new strong gravitational lens finder based on convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The method was applied to the Strong Lensing challenge organised by the Bologna Lens Factory. It achieved first and third place respectively on the space-based data-set and the ground-based data-set. The goal was to find a fully automated lens finder for ground-based and space-based surveys which minimizes human inspect. We compare the results of our CNN architecture and three new variations ("invariant" "views" and "residual") on the simulated data of the challenge. Each method has been trained separately 5 times on 17 000 simulated images, cross-validated using 3 000 images and then applied to a 100 000 image test set. We used two different metrics for evaluation, the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) score and the recall with no false positive ($\mathrm{Recall}_{\mathrm{0FP}}$). For ground based data our best method achieved an AUC score of $0.977$ and a $\mathrm{Recall}_{\mathrm{0FP}}$ of $0.50$. For space-based data our best method achieved an AUC score of $0.940$ and a $\mathrm{Recall}_{\mathrm{0FP}}$ of $0.32$. On space-based data adding dihedral invariance to the CNN architecture diminished the overall score but achieved a higher no contamination recall. We found that using committees of 5 CNNs produce the best recall at zero contamination and consistenly score better AUC than a single CNN. We found that for every variation of our CNN lensfinder, we achieve AUC scores close to $1$ within $6\%$.
description: 9 pages, accepted to A&A
Separating the blue cloud and the red sequence using Otsu's method for image segmentation
Creators: name: Pandey, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observed colour bimodality allows a classification of the galaxies into two distinct classes: the `blue cloud' and the `red sequence'. Such classification is often carried out using empirical cuts in colour and other galaxy properties that lack solid mathematical justifications. We propose a method for separating the galaxies in the `blue cloud' and the `red sequence' using Otsu's thresholding technique for image segmentation. We show that this technique is insensitive to the choice of binning. It provides a robust and parameter-free method for the classification of the red and blue galaxies based on the minimization of the intra-class variance and maximization of the inter-class variance. We also apply an iterative triclass thresholding technique based on Otsu's method to improve the classification. The galaxy colour is known to depend on the stellar mass and the luminosity of galaxies. We obtain the dividing lines between the two populations in the colour-stellar mass plane and the colour-absolute magnitude plane by employing these methods in a number of independent stellar mass bins and absolute magnitude bins.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, corrected typos in the abstract and included classifications in the colour-mass and colour-magnitude planes, Published in Astronomy and Computing
Attention-Based Depth Distillation with 3D-Aware Positional Encoding for Monocular 3D Object Detection
Creators: name: Wu, Zizhang
name: Wu, Yunzhe
name: Pu, Jian
name: Li, Xianzhi
name: Wang, Xiaoquan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Monocular 3D object detection is a low-cost but challenging task, as it requires generating accurate 3D localization solely from a single image input. Recent developed depth-assisted methods show promising results by using explicit depth maps as intermediate features, which are either precomputed by monocular depth estimation networks or jointly evaluated with 3D object detection. However, inevitable errors from estimated depth priors may lead to misaligned semantic information and 3D localization, hence resulting in feature smearing and suboptimal predictions. To mitigate this issue, we propose ADD, an Attention-based Depth knowledge Distillation framework with 3D-aware positional encoding. Unlike previous knowledge distillation frameworks that adopt stereo- or LiDAR-based teachers, we build up our teacher with identical architecture as the student but with extra ground-truth depth as input. Credit to our teacher design, our framework is seamless, domain-gap free, easily implementable, and is compatible with object-wise ground-truth depth. Specifically, we leverage intermediate features and responses for knowledge distillation. Considering long-range 3D dependencies, we propose \emph{3D-aware self-attention} and \emph{target-aware cross-attention} modules for student adaptation. Extensive experiments are performed to verify the effectiveness of our framework on the challenging KITTI 3D object detection benchmark. We implement our framework on three representative monocular detectors, and we achieve state-of-the-art performance with no additional inference computational cost relative to baseline models. Our code is available at https://github.com/rockywind/ADD.
description: Accepted by AAAI2023
International Court of Justice. Ruling on South African Accusation Against Israel
Creators: name: Stockton, Ronald
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: International Court of Justice, South Africa, Israel, Genocide, Preliminary Ruling, Legal Standing, Intent, Incitement, Gallant, Herzog, Netanyahu, Genocide Convention, Georg Nolte,Julia Sebutinde, Aharon Barak, Ethnic Cleansing, Crimes Against Humanity, War Crimes, International Human Rights Law.
subject: Social Sciences
subject: Political Science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This is the text of a podcast on StocktonAfterClass
description: This is a summary of the Ruling handed down by the International Court of Justice on January 26,2024 regarding the South African charge of Genocide against Israel.
Casting Light on Degeneracies: A Comprehensive Study of Lightcurve Variations in Microlensing Events OGLE-2017-BLG-0103 and OGLE-2017-BLG-0192
Creators: name: Shah, Sarang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study investigates orbital parallax in gravitational microlensing events, focusing on OGLE-2017-BLG-0103 and OGLE-2017-BLG-0192. For events with timescales $\leq$ 60 days, a Jerk Parallax degeneracy arises due to high Jerk velocity ($\tilde{v_{j}}$), causing a four-fold continuous parallax degeneracy. OGLE-2017-BLG-0103, after incorporating orbital parallax, reveals four discrete degenerate parallax solutions, while OGLE-2017-BLG-0192 exhibits four discrete solutions without degeneracy. {The asymmetric light curve of OGLE-2017-BLG-0103 suggests a more probable model where xallarap is added to the parallax model, introducing tension. The galactic model analysis predicts a very low mass stellar lens for OGLE-2017-BLG-0192. For OGLE-2017-BLG-0103, degenerate solutions suggest a low-mass star or a darker lens in the disc, while the Xallarap+Parallax model also predicts a stellar lens in the bulge, with the source being a solar-type star orbited by a dwarf star.} This study presents five degenerate solutions for OGLE-2017-BLG-0103, emphasizing the potential for confirmation through high-resolution Adaptive Optics (AO) observations with Extremely Large Telescopes in the future. The complexities of degenerate scenarios in these microlensing events underscore the need to analyze special single-lens events in the Roman Telescope Era.
Coherent dynamics of a photon-dressed qubit
Creators: name: Liul, M. P.
name: Chien, C. -H.
name: Chen, C. -Y.
name: Wen, P. Y.
name: Chen, J. C.
name: Lin, Y. -H.
name: Shevchenko, S. N.
name: Nori, Franco
name: Hoi, I. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics and stationary regime of a capacitively-shunted transmon-type qubit in front of a mirror, affected by two signals: probe and dressing signals. By varying the parameters of these signals and then analyzing the probe signal (reflected by the atom-mirror system), it is possible to explore the system dynamics, which can be described by the Bloch equation. The obtained time-dependent occupation probabilities are related to the experimentally measured reflection coefficient. The study of this type of dynamics opens up new horizons for better understanding of the system properties and underlying physical processes, such as Landau-Zener-Stuckelberg-Majorana transitions.
Smoothly Connected Preemptive Impact Reduction and Contact Impedance Control
Creators: name: Arita, Hikaru
name: Nakamura, Hayato
name: Fujiki, Takuto
name: Tahara, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study proposes novel control methods that lower impact force by preemptive movement and smoothly transition to conventional contact impedance control. These suggested techniques are for force control-based robots and position/velocity control-based robots, respectively. Strong impact forces have a negative influence on multiple robotic tasks. Recently, preemptive impact reduction techniques that expand conventional contact impedance control by using proximity sensors have been examined. However, a seamless transition from impact reduction to contact impedance control has not yet been accomplished. The proposed methods utilize a serial combined impedance control framework to solve this problem. The preemptive impact reduction feature can be added to the already implemented impedance controller because the parameter design is divided into impact reduction and contact impedance control. There is no undesirable contact force during the transition. Furthermore, even though the preemptive impact reduction employs a crude optical proximity sensor, the influence of reflectance is minimized using a virtual viscous force. Analyses and real-world experiments confirm these benefits.
description: This article has been accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Robotics. This is the author's version which has not been fully edited and content may change prior to final publication. Citation information: DOI 10.1109/TRO.2023.3286045
One-Point Functions of Non-protected Operators in the SO(5) symmetric D3-D7 dCFT
Creators: name: de Leeuw, Marius
name: Kristjansen, Charlotte
name: Linardopoulos, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study tree level one-point functions of non-protected scalar operators in the defect CFT, based on N=4 SYM, which is dual to the SO(5) symmetric D3-D7 probe brane system with non-vanishing instanton number. Whereas symmetries prevent operators from the SU(2) and SU(3) sub-sectors from having non-vanishing one-point functions, more general scalar conformal operators, which in particular constitute Bethe eigenstates of the integrable SO(6) spin chain, are allowed to have non-trivial one-point functions. For a series of operators with a small number of excitations we find closed expressions in terms of Bethe roots for these one-point functions, valid for any value of the instanton number. In addition, we present some numerical results for operators with more excitations.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure. Minor corrections & updates
Proof of Atiyah-Singer Index Theorem by Canonical Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Zhou, Zixian
name: Duan, Xiuqing
name: Sun, Kai-Jia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Atiyah-Singer index theorem of Dirac operator can be directly proved in the canonical formulation of quantum mechanics, without using the path-integral technique. This proof takes advantage of an algebraic isomorphism between Clifford algebra and exterior algebra in small $τ$ (high temperature) limit, together with simple properties of quantum mechanics of harmonic oscillator. Compared to the proof given by heat kernel, we try to prove this theorem more quantum mechanically.
Gauge invariant double copy of Yang-Mills theory: the quartic theory
Creators: name: Bonezzi, Roberto
name: Chiaffrino, Christoph
name: Diaz-Jaramillo, Felipe
name: Hohm, Olaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give an explicit gauge invariant, off-shell and local double copy construction of gravity from Yang-Mills theory to quartic order. To this end we use the framework of homotopy algebras, and we identify a rich new algebraic structure associated to color-stripped Yang-Mills theory. This algebra, which is a generalization of a Batalin-Vilkovisky algebra, is the underlying structure necessary for double copy. We give a self-contained introduction into these algebras by illustrating them for Chern-Simons theory in three dimensions. We then construct N = 0 supergravity in the form of double field theory in terms of the algebraic Yang-Mills building blocks to quartic order in interactions. As applications of the same universal formula, we re-derive the 4-graviton scattering amplitude and compute a chiral form of the Courant algebroid gauge structure of double field theory.
description: 30 pages plus appendix and references. Published version
Optimal control of a non-smooth semilinear elliptic equation
Creators: name: Christof, Constantin
name: Clason, Christian
name: Meyer, Christian
name: Walther, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K20, 49J52, 49M15

description: This paper is concerned with an optimal control problem governed by a non-smooth semilinear elliptic equation. We show that the control-to-state mapping is directionally differentiable and precisely characterize its Bouligand subdifferential. By means of a suitable regularization, first-order optimality conditions including an adjoint equation are derived and afterwards interpreted in light of the previously obtained characterization. In addition, the directional derivative of the control-to-state mapping is used to establish strong stationarity conditions. While the latter conditions are shown to be stronger, we demonstrate by numerical examples that the former conditions are amenable to numerical solution using a semi-smooth Newton method.
Self-sustaining Ultra-wideband Positioning System for Event-driven Indoor Localization
Creators: name: Mayer, Philipp
name: Magno, Michele
name: Benini, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Smart and unobtrusive mobile sensor nodes that accurately track their own position have the potential to augment data collection with location-based functions. To attain this vision of unobtrusiveness, the sensor nodes must have a compact form factor and operate over long periods without battery recharging or replacement. This paper presents a self-sustaining and accurate ultra-wideband-based indoor location system with conservative infrastructure overhead. An event-driven sensing approach allows for balancing the limited energy harvested in indoor conditions with the power consumption of ultra-wideband transceivers. The presented tag-centralized concept, which combines heterogeneous system design with embedded processing, minimizes idle consumption without sacrificing functionality. Despite modest infrastructure requirements, high localization accuracy is achieved with error-correcting double-sided two-way ranging and embedded optimal multilateration. Experimental results demonstrate the benefits of the proposed system: the node achieves a quiescent current of $47~nA$ and operates at $1.2~μA$ while performing energy harvesting and motion detection. The energy consumption for position updates, with an accuracy of $40~cm$ (2D) in realistic non-line-of-sight conditions, is $10.84~mJ$. In an asset tracking case study within a $200~m^2$ multi-room office space, the achieved accuracy level allows for identifying 36 different desk and storage locations with an accuracy of over $95~{\%}$. The system`s long-time self-sustainability has been analyzed over $700~days$ in multiple indoor lighting situations.
title: The real interest rate parity hypothesis : an investigation for developed and emerging markets
Creators: name: Ferreira, Alex Luiz
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: This study investigates the existence and causes of real interest rate differential(s) \rid(s) hereafter] across a heterogeneous sample of countries. This is relevant for various reasons. First, the research sheds some light on the extent to which economic authorities are able to pursue independent monetary policy in an open-economy, at least in the short-run. Second, it unveiled interesting characteristics of the dynamics of interest rate differentials. This is important because an indebted economy experiencing persistent rids is prone to face default. Finally, rids indicated the extent of market integration between economies. The adjustment of rids to equilibrium is found to be fast in both emerging and developed economies, a finding that is compatible with the Real Interest Rate Parity Hypothesis. The equilibrium in emerging economies, however, is statistically different from zero pointing out to frictions in either goods or assets markets. We found that the general causes of the differentials are UIP deviations and nominal interest rate differentials. The more specific causes are: 1) persistent reaction of monetary policy to changes in prices and slow adjustment in interest rates; 2) systematic excess returns, possibly induced by anticipated changes in macroeconomic fundamentals and sticky bond prices; 3) large unexpected changes in exchange rates driven by unexpected changes in macroeconomic fundamentals; 4) risk premium. Monetary policy resistance to price and exchange rate changes introduces an element of persistence in equilibrium nominal interest rate differentials which can explain excess returns, in other words, the fact that high interest rates are associated with appreciating exchange rates. Fundamentals can explain excess returns on the basis of systematic excess returns due to interest rate smoothing (sticky bond prices), or large forecast errors associated with unexpected changes in exchange rates. The evidence presented also points out to risk premium as another determinant of bond spreads and, hence, the cause of rids.
Multi(de)grafting quasi-Fuchsian complex projective structures via bubbles
Creators: name: Ruffoni, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50 (Primary) 20H10, 14H15 (Secondary)

description: We show that the simultaneous (de)grafting of a complex projective structure with quasi-Fuchsian holonomy along a multicurve can be performed by a simple sequence of one bubbling and one debubbling. As a consequence we obtain that any complex projective structure with quasi-Fuchsian holonomy $ρ:π_1(S)\to$ PSL$_2\mathbb{C}$ can be joined to the corresponding uniformizing structure $σ_ρ$ by a simple sequence of one bubbling and one debubbling, with a stopover in the space of branched complex projective structures.
description: 19 pages, 9 pictures
On singular maps with local fibration
Creators: name: Chen, Ying
name: Tibăr, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss the most general condition under which a singular local tube fibration exists. We give an application to composition of map germs.
description: to appear in: Revue Roumaine de Math\'ematiques Pures et Appliqu\'ees, 2023. A volume dedicated to the memory of Mihnea Coltoiu
Invariance entropy, quasi-stationary measures and control sets
Creators: name: Colonius, Fritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C41, 94A17, 37A35

description: For control systems in discrete time, this paper discusses measure-theoretic invariance entropy for a subset Q of the state space with respect to a quasi-stationary measure obtained by endowing the control range with a probability measure. The main results show that this entropy is invariant under measurable transformations and that it is already determined by certain subsets of Q which are characterized by controllability properties.
description: 30 pages
Matter effects at the T2HK and T2HKK experiments
Creators: name: Raut, Sushant K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the neutrino mass hierarchy and measuring the CP-violating phase $δ_{CP}$ are two of the main aims in neutrino physics today. The upcoming T2HK (with small matter effects and high statistics) and DUNE (with large matter effects) experiments have been shown to have excellent sensitivity to $δ_{CP}$ and the neutrino mass hierarchy, respectively. The recent T2HKK proposal aims to improve the hierarchy sensitivity of T2HK by placing one of the two tanks of the HK detector at a site in Korea, to collect data at $\sim 1100$ km baseline. In light of the fact that DUNE will anyway collect data at $\sim 1300$ km, we explore whether it is advantageous to collect additional long-baseline data as proposed with T2HKK, or to enhance the $δ_{CP}$-precision with the `conventional' T2HK by keeping both detector tanks in Japan. We do this by comparing the physics reach of these two options in conjunction with DUNE. We find that DUNE+T2HKK is better at excluding the wrong hierarchy, reaching $Δχ^2 > 175$ irrespective of the true parameters. While DUNE+T2HK can measure $δ_{CP}$ with more precision in some parts of the parameter space, both DUNE+T2HK and DUNE+T2HKK perform equally well near the current best-fit point, giving a $δ_{CP}$ width of around $15^\circ$. The T2HKK setup allows us to correlate and constrain the systematic errors between the two detectors collecting data from the same source, which can increase the sensitivity of the experiment by up to 25\%. Such a reduction of the systematic errors is crucial for determining the oscillation parameters with greater significance.
description: Version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D (Originally titled "T2HK and T2HKK: Does more matter matter?", changed at insistence of the editorial team.)
Charge Kondo circuit as a detector for electron-electron interactions in a Luttinger Liquid
Creators: name: Nguyen, T. K. T.
name: Parafilo, A. V.
name: Nguyen, H. Q.
name: Kiselev, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the electron-electron interactions on the quantum transport through a charge Kondo circuit. The setup consists of a quantum dot sandwiched between two leads by two nearly transparent single mode quantum point contacts. The size of the interacting area $L$ in the Luttinger liquid formed in the vicinities of the narrow constrictions is assumed to be much smaller compared to the size of the quantum dot $a$. We predict that the interplay between the electron-electron interactions in the Luttinger liquid and the fingerprints of the non-Fermi liquid behavior in the vicinity of the two channel Kondo intermediate coupling fixed point allows one to determine the interaction strength through the power-law temperature scaling of the electric conductance.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Bubbling complex projective structures with quasi-Fuchsian holonomy
Creators: name: Ruffoni, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M50 (Primary), 20H10, 14H15 (Secondary)

description: For a given quasi-Fuchsian representation $ρ:π_1(S)\to$ PSL$_2\mathbb{C}$ of the fundamental group of a closed surface $S$ of genus $g\geq 2$, we prove that a generic branched complex projective structure on $S$ with holonomy $ρ$ and two branch points is obtained by bubbling some unbranched structure on $S$ with the same holonomy.
description: 39 pages, 20 pictures
Newton maps of complex exponential functions and parabolic surgery
Creators: name: Mamayusupov, Khudoyor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30D05, 37F10

description: The paper deals with Newton maps of complex exponential functions and a surgery tool developed by P. Haïssinsky. The concept of "Postcritically minimal" Newton maps of complex exponential functions are introduced, analogous to postcritically finite Newton maps of polynomials. The dynamics preserving mapping is constructed between the space of postcritically finite Newton maps of polynomials and the space of postcritically minimal Newton maps of complex exponential functions.
description: Final version with changed title
Machine Learning and Polymer Self-Consistent Field Theory in Two Spatial Dimensions
Creators: name: Xuan, Yao
name: Delaney, Kris T.
name: Ceniceros, Hector D.
name: Fredrickson, Glenn H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A computational framework that leverages data from self-consistent field theory simulations with deep learning to accelerate the exploration of parameter space for block copolymers is presented. This is a substantial two-dimensional extension of the framework introduced in [1]. Several innovations and improvements are proposed. (1) A Sobolev space-trained, convolutional neural network (CNN) is employed to handle the exponential dimension increase of the discretized, local average monomer density fields and to strongly enforce both spatial translation and rotation invariance of the predicted, field-theoretic intensive Hamiltonian. (2) A generative adversarial network (GAN) is introduced to efficiently and accurately predict saddle point, local average monomer density fields without resorting to gradient descent methods that employ the training set. This GAN approach yields important savings of both memory and computational cost. (3) The proposed machine learning framework is successfully applied to 2D cell size optimization as a clear illustration of its broad potential to accelerate the exploration of parameter space for discovering polymer nanostructures. Extensions to three-dimensional phase discovery appear to be feasible.
La publication des données dans un projet d'infrastructure multipolaire : le rôle du Plan de gestion de données
Creators: name: Morlock, Emmanuelle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: PGD
Plan de gestion de données
Dissémination
Patrimoine écrit

description: Présentation donnée dans le cadre de l'école d'été 2022 du consortium DISTAM "Étudier et publier des données sur le web", organisée les 7 et 8 juillet 2022 à Paris. Programme en ligne ici : https://distam.hypotheses.org/2656
Excesses of muon $g-2$, $R_{D^{(\ast)}}$, and $R_K$ in a leptoquark model
Creators: name: Chen, Chuan-Hung
name: Nomura, Takaaki
name: Okada, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigate muon $g-2$, $R_{K^{(*)}}$, and $R_{D^{(*)}}$ anomalies in a specific model with one doublet, one triplet, and one singlet scalar leptoquark (LQ). When the strict limits from the $\ell' \to \ell γ$, $ΔB=2$, $B_{s}\to μ^+ μ^-$, and $B^+ \to K^+ ν\barν$ processes are considered, it is difficult to use one scalar LQ to explain all of the anomalies due to the strong correlations among the constraints and observables. After ignoring the constraints and small couplings, the muon $g-2$ can be explained by the doublet LQ alone due to the $m_t$ enhancement, whereas the measured and unexpected smaller $R_{K^{(*)}}$ requires the combined effects of the doublet and triplet LQs, and the $R_D$ and $R_{D^*}$ excesses depend on the singlet LQ through scalar- and tensor-type interactions.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures, version published in Physics Letters B
Reward Bonuses with Gain Scheduling Inspired by Iterative Deepening Search
Creators: name: Kobayashi, Taisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel method of adding intrinsic bonuses to task-oriented reward function in order to efficiently facilitate reinforcement learning search. While various bonuses have been designed to date, they are analogous to the depth-first and breadth-first search algorithms in graph theory. This paper, therefore, first designs two bonuses for each of them. Then, a heuristic gain scheduling is applied to the designed bonuses, inspired by the iterative deepening search, which is known to inherit the advantages of the two search algorithms. The proposed method is expected to allow agent to efficiently reach the best solution in deeper states by gradually exploring unknown states. In three locomotion tasks with dense rewards and three simple tasks with sparse rewards, it is shown that the two types of bonuses contribute to the performance improvement of the different tasks complementarily. In addition, by combining them with the proposed gain scheduling, all tasks can be accomplished with high performance.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Tuning sizes, morphologies, and magnetic properties of mono- vs. multi-core iron oxide nanoparticles through control of added water in the polyol synthesis
Creators: name: Hemery, Gauvin
name: Keyes, Anthony C.
name: Garaio, Eneko
name: Rodrigo, Irati
name: Garcia, Jose Angel
name: Plazaola, Fernando
name: Garanger, Elisabeth
name: Sandre, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polyol route is a versatile and up-scalable method to produce large batches of iron oxide nanoparticles with well-defined structure and magnetic properties. Controlling parameters such as temperature and duration of reaction, heating profile, nature of polyol solvent or of organometallic precursors were reported in previous studies of literature, but none of them described yet the crucial role of water in the forced hydrolysis pathway, whose presence is mandatory for nanoparticle production. This communication investigates the influence of the water amount and temperature at which it is injected in the reflux system for either pure polyol or mixture with a poly(hydroxy) amine. Distinct morphologies of nanoparticles were thereby obtained, from ultra-ultra-small smooth spheres down to 4 nm in diameter to large ones up to 37 nm in diameter. Nanoflowers were also synthesized, which are well-defined multi-core assemblies with narrow grain size dispersity. A diverse and large library of samples was obtained by playing on the nature of solvents and amount of water traces while keeping all the other parameters fixed. The varied morphologies lead to magnetic nanoparticles well-fitting to required applications among magnetic hyperthermia and MRI contrast agent, or both.
description: Main text: 36 pages, 8 figures; Supporting information: 10 pages, 15 figures (including graphical abstract)
title: Standardizing Intraoperative Handoffs amongst Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists
Creators: name: Light, Mallory
Publisher: name: Digital Commons@Becker, Barnes Jewish College Goldfarb School of Nursing
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3
subject: FOS: Medical and health sciences

description: Background and Review of Literature: Communication errors are a leading cause of preventable medical errors and inadequate handoffs have been linked to sentinel events. Research has shown that standardizing handoff processes can reduce errors, improving patient safety, and resulting in other positive outcomes including increased staff satisfaction, without impacting handoff duration.
Purpose: The purpose of this project was to determine how the implementation of a standardized handoff tool would impact perceptions of handoff communications, retention of important patient information relayed during handoffs, staff satisfaction, and handoff duration.
Implementation Plan and Methods: Information regarding use of the tool was sent to Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists via e-mail and was also on flyers posted in anesthesia workspaces. Further education was provided prior to intraoperative handoff assessments if necessary. A pre-implementation survey was administered to assess perceptions of current handoff processes. A prospective, observational assessment was then performed to assess the relaying and retention of patient information between Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists both prior to and after implementation of a standardized handoff tool. These handoffs were timed to measure duration. A post-handoff assessment was administered to further assess information retention. Finally, a post-intervention survey was administered for comparison to the pre-intervention survey. Results were analyzed to determine next steps.
Implications/Conclusion: Significant adverse events including death may occur as a result of inadequate intraoperative handoffs. Anesthesia providers at Barnes-Jewish Hospital have the potential to implement a simple, low-cost, evidence-based intervention that can help curb the occurrence of these events, thus avoiding patient harm while also reaping the benefits of increased provider satisfaction and potentially decreased costs.
A high on-off ratio beamsplitter interaction for gates on bosonically encoded qubits
Creators: name: Chapman, Benjamin J.
name: de Graaf, Stijn J.
name: Xue, Sophia H.
name: Zhang, Yaxing
name: Teoh, James
name: Curtis, Jacob C.
name: Tsunoda, Takahiro
name: Eickbusch, Alec
name: Read, Alexander P.
name: Koottandavida, Akshay
name: Mundhada, Shantanu O.
name: Frunzio, Luigi
name: Devoret, M. H.
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Schoelkopf, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Encoding a qubit in a high quality superconducting microwave cavity offers the opportunity to perform the first layer of error correction in a single device, but presents a challenge: how can quantum oscillators be controlled while introducing a minimal number of additional error channels? We focus on the two-qubit portion of this control problem by using a 3-wave mixing coupling element to engineer a programmable beamsplitter interaction between two bosonic modes separated by more than an octave in frequency, without introducing major additional sources of decoherence. Combining this with single-oscillator control provided by a dispersively coupled transmon provides a framework for quantum control of multiple encoded qubits. The beamsplitter interaction $g_\text{bs}$ is fast relative to the timescale of oscillator decoherence, enabling over $10^3$ beamsplitter operations per coherence time, and approaching the typical rate of the dispersive coupling $χ$ used for individual oscillator control. Further, the programmable coupling is engineered without adding unwanted interactions between the oscillators, as evidenced by the high on-off ratio of the operations, which can exceed $10^5$. We then introduce a new protocol to realize a hybrid controlled-SWAP operation in the regime $g_{bs}\approxχ$, in which a transmon provides the control bit for the SWAP of two bosonic modes. Finally, we use this gate in a SWAP test to project a pair of bosonic qubits into a Bell state with measurement-corrected fidelity of $95.5\% \pm 0.2\%$.
description: 8 pages main text, 29 pages with appendices. 16 figures. Published version is open access and available here: https://journals.aps.org/prxquantum/abstract/10.1103/PRXQuantum.4.020355
A importância da Satisfação Profissional dos Enfermeiros em Ambiente Hospitalar: Revisão Scoping
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Madalena
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nursing Administration
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hospital
subject: Job Satisfaction
subject: Nurse
subject: Nursing
subject: Nursing Management
subject: Nursing Practice Environment
subject: Review

description: A Satisfação Profissional é uma questão complexa e não linear com várias definições e interpretações, sendo vital para qualquer organização. Assim, revela-se necessário proceder à avaliação da Satisfação Profissional principalmente em contexto hospitalar.
Noisy subspace clustering via matching pursuits
Creators: name: Tschannen, Michael
name: Bölcskei, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sparsity-based subspace clustering algorithms have attracted significant attention thanks to their excellent performance in practical applications. A prominent example is the sparse subspace clustering (SSC) algorithm by Elhamifar and Vidal, which performs spectral clustering based on an adjacency matrix obtained by sparsely representing each data point in terms of all the other data points via the Lasso. When the number of data points is large or the dimension of the ambient space is high, the computational complexity of SSC quickly becomes prohibitive. Dyer et al. observed that SSC-OMP obtained by replacing the Lasso by the greedy orthogonal matching pursuit (OMP) algorithm results in significantly lower computational complexity, while often yielding comparable performance. The central goal of this paper is an analytical performance characterization of SSC-OMP for noisy data. Moreover, we introduce and analyze the SSC-MP algorithm, which employs matching pursuit (MP) in lieu of OMP. Both SSC-OMP and SSC-MP are proven to succeed even when the subspaces intersect and when the data points are contaminated by severe noise. The clustering conditions we obtain for SSC-OMP and SSC-MP are similar to those for SSC and for the thresholding-based subspace clustering (TSC) algorithm due to Heckel and Bölcskei. Analytical results in combination with numerical results indicate that both SSC-OMP and SSC-MP with a data-dependent stopping criterion automatically detect the dimensions of the subspaces underlying the data. Moreover, experiments on synthetic and on real data show that SSC-MP compares very favorably to SSC, SSC-OMP, TSC, and the nearest subspace neighbor algorithm, both in terms of clustering performance and running time. In addition, we find that, in contrast to SSC-OMP, the performance of SSC-MP is very robust with respect to the choice of parameters in the stopping criteria.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures
Berry Phases on Virasoro Orbits
Creators: name: Oblak, Blagoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We point out that unitary representations of the Virasoro algebra contain Berry phases obtained by acting on a primary state with conformal transformations that trace a closed path on a Virasoro coadjoint orbit. These phases can be computed exactly thanks to the Maurer-Cartan form on the Virasoro group, and they persist after combining left- and right-moving sectors. Thinking of Virasoro representations as particles in AdS_3 dressed with boundary gravitons, the Berry phases associated with Brown-Henneaux diffeomorphisms provide a gravitational extension of Thomas precession.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures. v2: examples moved to appendix + minor clarifications. Published in JHEP
Confronting interacting dark radiation scenarios with cosmological data
Creators: name: Brinckmann, Thejs
name: Chang, Jae Hyeok
name: Du, Peizhi
name: LoVerde, Marilena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark radiation (DR) is generally predicted in new physics scenarios that address fundamental puzzles of the Standard Model or tensions in the cosmological data. Cosmological data has the sensitivity to constrain not only the energy density of DR, but also whether it is interacting. In this paper, we present a systematic study of five types of interacting DR (free-streaming, fluid, decoupling, instantaneous decoupling, and recoupling DR) and their impact on cosmological observables. We modify the Boltzmann hierarchy to describe all these types of interacting DR under the relaxation time approximation. We, for the first time, robustly calculate the collision terms for recoupling scalar DR and provide a better estimation of the recoupling transition redshift. We demonstrate the distinct features of each type of DR on the CMB and matter power spectra. We perform MCMC scans using the Planck 2018 data and BAO data. Assuming no new physics in the SM neutrino sector, we find no statistically significant constraints on the couplings of DR, although there is a slight preference for the fluid-like limit of all the cases. In the case of instantaneous decoupling DR, this limit corresponds to a late transition redshift around recombination. The $ΔN_{\rm eff}$ constraint varies marginally depending on the type of DR.
description: 20 pages + references, 12 figures
ALMA pin-points a strong over-density of U/LIRGs in the massive cluster XCS J2215 at z=1.46
Creators: name: Stach, Stuart M.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Smail, Ian
name: Hilton, Matt
name: Simpson, J. M.
name: Cooke, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have surveyed the core regions of the z = 1.46 cluster XCS J2215.9-1738 with the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) and the MUSE-GALACSI spectrograph on the VLT. We obtained high spatial resolution observations with ALMA of the 1.2 mm dust continuum and molecular gas emission in the central regions of the cluster. These observations detect 14 significant millimetre sources in a region with a projected diameter of just ~500kpc (~1'). For six of these galaxies we also obtain 12 CO(2-1) and 12 CO(5-4) line detections, confirming them as cluster members, and a further five of our millimetre galaxies have archival 12CO(2-1) detections which also place them in the cluster. An additional two millimetre galaxies have photometric redshifts consistent with cluster membership, although neither show strong line emission in the MUSE spectra. This suggests that the bulk (> 11/14, ~80%) of the submillimetre sources in the field are in fact luminous infrared galaxies lying within this young cluster. We then use our sensitive new observations to constrain the dust-obscured star formation activity and cold molecular gas within this cluster. We find hints that the cooler dust and gas components within these galaxies may have been influenced by their environment reducing the gas reservoir available for their subsequent star formation. We also find that these actively star- forming galaxies have the dynamical masses and stellar population ages expected for the progenitors of massive, early-type galaxies in local clusters potentially linking these populations.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures