cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Large Language Model for Patent Concept Generation
Creators: name: Ren, Runtao
name: Ma, Jian
name: Luo, Jianxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In traditional innovation practices, concept and IP generation are often iteratively integrated. Both processes demand an intricate understanding of advanced technical domain knowledge. Existing large language models (LLMs), while possessing massive pre-trained knowledge, often fall short in the innovative concept generation due to a lack of specialized knowledge necessary for the generation. To bridge this critical gap, we propose a novel knowledge finetuning (KFT) framework to endow LLM-based AI with the ability to autonomously mine, understand, and apply domain-specific knowledge and concepts for invention generation, i.e., concept and patent generation together. Our proposed PatentGPT integrates knowledge injection pre-training (KPT), domain-specific supervised finetuning (SFT), and reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF). Extensive evaluation shows that PatentGPT significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art models on patent-related benchmark tests. Our method not only provides new insights into data-driven innovation but also paves a new path to fine-tune LLMs for applications in the context of technology. We also discuss the managerial and policy implications of AI-generating inventions in the future.
description: Accepted for publication in Advanced Engineering Informatics, Link: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aei.2025.103301
Zwei griechische Gedichte des 4. Jahrhunderts aus St. Maximin in Trier II : Gedicht auf die hl. Agnes
Creators: name: Herzog, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2020

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 13 Nr. 1-2 (1938): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
MPEC 2023-M154 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 June 28)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Privacy Preserving Data Aggregation in Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Ukil, Arijit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Privacy preservation is an important issue in today's context of extreme penetration of internet and mobile technologies. It is more important in the case of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) where collected data often requires in-network processing and collaborative computing. Researches in this area are mostly concentrated in applying data mining techniques to preserve the privacy content of the data. These techniques are mostly computationally expensive and not suitable for resource limited WSN nodes. In this paper, a scheme is developed to provide privacy preservation in a much simpler way with the help of a secure key management scheme and randomized data perturbation technique. We consider a scenario in which two or more parties owning confidential data need to share only for aggregation purpose to a third party, without revealing the content of the data. Through simulation results the efficacy of our scheme and compare the result with one of the established scheme [1].
description: 6 Pages, 3 Figures, IEEE ICWMC 2010
Subsurface Flows in and Around Active Regions with Rotating and Non-rotating Sunspots
Creators: name: Jain, K.
name: Komm, R. W.
name: Hernández, I González
name: Tripathy, S. C.
name: Hill, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The temporal variation of the horizontal velocity in subsurface layers beneath three different types of active regions is studied using the technique of ring diagrams. In this study, we select active regions (ARs) 10923, 10930, 10935 from three consecutive Carrington rotations: AR 10930 contains a fast-rotating sunspot in a strong emerging active region while other two have non-rotating sunspots with emerging flux in AR 10923 and decaying flux in AR 10935. The depth range covered is from the surface to about 12 Mm. In order to minimize the influence of systematic effects, the selection of active and quiet regions is made so that these were observed at the same heliographic locations on the solar disk. We find a significant variation in both components of the horizontal velocity in active regions as compared to quiet regions. The magnitude is higher in emerging-flux regions than in the decaying-flux region, in agreement with earlier findings. Further, we clearly see a significant temporal variation in depth profiles of both zonal and meridional flow components in AR 10930, with the variation in the zonal component being more pronounced. We also notice a significant influence of the plasma motion in areas closest to the rotating sunspot in AR 10930 while areas surrounding the non-rotating sunspots in all three cases are least affected by the presence of the active region in their neighborhood.
description: Solar Physics (in press), includes 11 figures
More three-point correlators of giant magnons with finite size
Creators: name: Bozhilov, Plamen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the semiclassical approach, we compute the normalized structure constants in three-point correlation functions, when two of the vertex operators correspond to heavy string states, while the third vertex corresponds to a light state. This is done for the case when the heavy string states are finite-size giant magnons with one or two angular momenta, and for two different choices of the light state, corresponding to dilaton operator and primary scalar operator. The relevant operators in the dual gauge theory are Tr(F_{μν}^2 Z^j+...) and Tr(Z^j). We first consider the case of AdS_5 x S^5 and N = 4 super Yang-Mills. Then we extend the obtained results to the gamma-deformed AdS_5 x S^5_γ, dual to N = 1 super Yang-Mills theory, arising as an exactly marginal deformation of N = 4 super Yang-Mills.
description: 14 pages, no figures
Geometrical and topological aspects of graphene and related materials
Creators: name: Cortijo, Alberto
name: Guinea, Francisco
name: Vozmediano, Maria A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Graphene, a two-dimensional crystal made of carbon atoms, provides a new and unexpected bridge between low and high-energy physics. The field has evolved very fast and very good reviews are already available in the literature. Graphene constitutes a condensed matter realization of lower dimensional quantum field theory models that were proposed to confront important -- still unresolved -- puzzles of the area: Chiral symmetry breaking and quark confinement. The new materials named topological insulators, closely related to graphene, are physical realizations of topological field theory. This article reviews some of these topics with the aim of bridging the gap and making these condensed matter issues accessible to high energy readers. The electronic interactions in the monolayer are analyzed with special emphasis on the recent experimental confirmation of some theoretical predictions. The issue of spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking in the model materials is also reviewed. Finally we give an extensive description of some recent topological aspects of graphene that allow to understand the main aspects of topological insulators.
description: Review to appear in J. Phys. A
Cosmic Shear Tomography and Efficient Data Compression using COSEBIs
Creators: name: Asgari, Marika
name: Schneider, Peter
name: Simon, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Gravitational lensing is one of the leading tools in understanding the dark side of the Universe. The need for accurate, efficient and effective methods which are able to extract this information along with other cosmological parameters from cosmic shear data is ever growing. COSEBIs, Complete Orthogonal Sets of E-/B-Integrals, is a recently developed statistical measure that encompasses the complete E-/B-mode separable information contained in the shear correlation functions measured on a finite angular range. Aims. The aim of the present work is to test the properties of this newly developed statistics for a higher-dimensional parameter space and to generalize and test it for shear tomography. Methods. We use Fisher analysis to study the effectiveness of COSEBIs. We show our results in terms of figure-of-merit quantities, based on Fisher matrices. Results. We find that a relatively small number of COSEBIs modes is always enough to saturate to the maximum information level. This number is always smaller for 'logarithmic COSEBIs' than for 'linear COSEBIs', and also depends on the number of redshift bins, the number and choice of cosmological parameters, as well as the survey characteristics. Conclusions. COSEBIs provide a very compact way of analyzing cosmic shear data, i.e., all the E-/B-mode separable second-order statistical information in the data is reduced to a small number of COSEBIs modes. Furthermore, with this method the arbitrariness in data binning is no longer an issue since the COSEBIs modes are discrete. Finally, the small number of modes also implies that covariances, and their inverse, are much more conveniently obtainable, e.g., from numerical simulations, than for the shear correlation functions themselves.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures
Rapid Star Formation and Global Gravitational Collapse
Creators: name: Hartmann, Lee
name: Ballesteros-Paredes, Javier
name: Heitsch, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Most young stars in nearby molecular clouds have estimated ages of 1-2 Myr, suggesting that star formation is rapid. However, small numbers of stars in these regions with inferred ages of >= 5-10 Myr have been cited to argue that star formation is instead a slow, quasi-static process. When considering these alternative pictures it is important to recognize that the age spread in a given star-forming cloud is necessarily an upper limit to the timescales of local collapse, as not all spatially-distinct regions will start contracting at precisely the same instant. Moreover, star-forming clouds may dynamically evolve on timescales of a few Myr; in particular, global gravitational contraction will tend to yield increasing star formation rates with time due to generally increasing local gas densities. We show that two different numerical simulations of dynamic, flow-driven molecular cloud formation and evolution 1) predict age spreads for the main stellar population roughly consistent with observations, and 2) raise the possibility of forming small numbers of stars early in cloud evolution, before global contraction concentrates the gas and the bulk of the stellar population is produced. In general, the existence of a small number of older stars among a generally much-younger population is consistent with the picture of dynamic star formation, and may even provide clues to the time evolution of star-forming clouds.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Accessing health services: the experience of elderly rural couples
Creators: name: Racher, Frances Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Nursing
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 169-184
description: The goal of elderly rural couples is to continue in their shared existence and remain together in a home of their choosing for as long as they believe they can manage. Couples identified access to health services among the resources contributing to the achievement of that goal. Six elderly couples residing in their own homes in rural communities of less than 3000 people in southwestern Manitoba participated in conjoint conversational interviews to describe in detail and give meaning to their personal experiences in accessing health services. The research approach was based upon the phenomenological methodology of Max van Manen (1997). The couple was the unit of inquiry, the couple experience the focus of interest and the conjoint interview the method of research. During a series of interviews over a seven-month period, the couples ' conversations and stories described their lives, providing insight into their experiences in accessing health services and other resources, their long-term dyadic relationships, the issues of daily living that they encountered during their interdependent lives, and their adaptability, decision-making and problem-solving capacities as they managed the changes and challenges that influenced their worlds. A descriptive theoretical couple-environment reciprocity framework for adaptation to change resulted. The decision-making and problem-solving processes used by the couples were identified as significant to the reciprocity and adaptation. Refocusing from individual spousal caregivers or care receivers to the couple as a unit has implications for creative and more appropriate program planning and policy development. The better nurses and other health professionals are able to describe and understand elderly rural couples and their access to health services, their struggles to remain together, and their decision-making and problem-solving practices, the better able they will be to provide care and support to them, plan programs and services with them, conduct research to answer questions of importance to them, and contribute to the development of healthy public policies that sustain rural seniors ' autonomy and quality of life.
title: Risk preference and child labor : Econometric evidence
Creators: name: Frempong, Raymond Boadi
name: Stadelmann, David
Publisher: name: University of Bayreuth
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Altruism
subject: Child labor
subject: Household welfare
subject: Human capital
subject: Risk preference
subject: Uncertainties
subject: 330

description: Households may invest in the human capital development of their children not only for altruistic reasons but also as insurance against future income shocks. Therefore, the allocation of the child's time between school and work is a function of the risk preference of the household head. This paper analyzes the relationship between parental risk preferences and child labor decisions using recall information on child labor and a risk elicitation question. Results reveal that risk‐averse households are more likely to send their children to work. Endogeneity issues are addressed by employing instrumental variables. These results suggest that child labor may be driven by the need to maximize the household's expected income from the child. Regarding heterogeneity, we find that the child labor effect of risk‐aversion is higher for older children. Furthermore, the father's risk‐aversion matters for the probability of child labor, while the intensity of child labor increases with the mother's risk‐aversion. The findings call for an understanding of the behavioral context of the affected households and how risk preferences can affect the success of proposed policies to reduce child labor.
Wage structure and the Canadian gender wage gap: 1980-1995
Creators: name: Sand, Benjamin MacLean
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 43-45
description: This thesis examines the Canadian male-female wage differential between 1980 and 1995, taking into account the effects of a changing wage structure via the Juhn, Murphy, and Pierce ( 1991) decomposition. This methodology attributes changes in the gender gap as being either gender specific or an effect of wage structure changes. Two alternative wage distributions of reference are examined to identify changes in the wage structure. Using the male wage distribution as a reference, the wage structure effects are larger than when the overall wage distribution is used. The findings indicate that women have made substantial gender specific gains, but that the changing wage structure has masked measured improvement. This suggests that changes in the wage structure are responsible for the apparent stalling of women' s progress in terms of the gender gap during 1980s, and the slowing decline in the 'unexplained' portion of the gap found in other studies.
Spread spectrum magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Puy, Gilles
name: Marques, Jose P.
name: Gruetter, Rolf
name: Thiran, Jean-Philippe
name: Van De Ville, Dimitri
name: Vandergheynst, Pierre
name: Wiaux, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel compressed sensing technique to accelerate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) acquisition process. The method, coined spread spectrum MRI or simply s2MRI, consists of pre-modulating the signal of interest by a linear chirp before random k-space under-sampling, and then reconstructing the signal with non-linear algorithms that promote sparsity. The effectiveness of the procedure is theoretically underpinned by the optimization of the coherence between the sparsity and sensing bases. The proposed technique is thoroughly studied by means of numerical simulations, as well as phantom and in vivo experiments on a 7T scanner. Our results suggest that s2MRI performs better than state-of-the-art variable density k-space under-sampling approaches
Biosynthesis of Furfurylamines in Batch and Continuous Flow by Immobilized Amine Transaminases
Creators: name: Heinks, Tobias
name: Merz, Luisa M.
name: Liedtke, Jan
name: Höhne, Matthias
name: Van Langen, Luuk M.
name: Bornscheuer, Uwe T.
name: Fischer Von Mollard, Gabriele
name: Berglund, Per
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: amine transaminase
subject: biocatalysis
subject: DFF
subject: flow synthesis
subject: HMF
subject: immobilization
subject: isopropylamine
subject: reuse stability

description: Building blocks with amine functionality are crucial in the chemical industry. Biocatalytic syntheses and chemicals derived from renewable resources are increasingly desired to achieve sustainable production of these amines. As a result, renewable materials such as furfurals, especially furfurylamines like 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfurylamine (HMFA) and 2,5-di(aminomethyl)furan (DAF), are gaining increasing attention. In this study, we identified four different amine transaminases (ATAs) that catalyze the reductive amination of 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural (HMF) and 2,5-diformylfuran (DFF). We successfully immobilized these ATAs on glutaraldehyde-functionalized amine beads using multiple binding and on amine beads by site-selective binding of the unique Cα-formylglycine within an aldehyde tag. All immobilized ATAs were efficiently reused in five repetitive cycles of reductive amination of HMF with alanine as co-substrate, while the ATA from Silicibacter pomeroyi (ATA-Spo) also exhibited high stability for reuse when isopropylamine was used as an amine donor. Additionally, immobilized ATA-Spo yielded high conversion in the batch syntheses of HMFA and DAF using alanine (87% and 87%, respectively) or isopropylamine (99% and 98%, respectively) as amine donors. We further demonstrated that ATA-Spo was effective for the reductive amination of HMF with alanine or isopropylamine in continuous-flow catalysis with high conversion up to 12 days (48% and 41%, respectively).
Silver Staining of 2D Electrophoresis Gels
Creators: name: Rabilloud, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Silver staining is used to detect proteins after electrophoretic separation on polyacrylamide gels. It -combines excellent sensitivity (in the low nanogram range) with the use of very simple and cheap equipment and chemicals. For its use in proteomics, two important additional features must be considered, compatibility with mass spectrometry and quantitative response. Both features are discussed in this chapter, and optimized silver staining protocols are proposed.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0904.3535
title: RHETORICS AND REALITIES OF THE EMPLOYMENT OF LEARNING DISABLED ADULTS: A CRITICAL ETHNOGRAPHIC ENGAGEMENT
Creators: name: Torrance, F
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2020

description: ABSTRACT This study contrasts the experiences of learning disabled (LD) adults in employment with the socio-political rhetoric about their employment used by support organisations, statutory bodies and the UK Government. Using ethnographic methods such as participant observation, video diary interviews, and focus groups developed in partnership with learning disabled adults in funded projects, the rhetoric masking the lived experience of a group of LD adults in employment is described and elucidated. This insider look provides an opportunity to evaluate the influences underlying business provisions in relation to the notion that disability support businesses are positioned for promoting the interests of this marginalised group, as a moral or common good. Although perceptions and support of this group has improved since the 19th Century, the thesis illustrates how the economic positioning of LD adults in the current socio-political system can be corrupting. This corruption is due in part to the introduction of a market economy in this field and this is examined along with the effects this has on individuals. In this way, the research sets out to critically question the power businesses have in shaping how learning disabled people’s choices and human needs are met through the Government and other funded services. Other issues that emerged through ethnographic engagement include issues around the development of LD adults and the distribution of knowledge and resources to this group, including the effects of ‘evidencing’ contractual outcomes and funding objectives in a competitive environment. I also question the government’s role in defining future protection models within the UK where there are continuing claims to value equal opportunity, diversity and democracy. The study presented is framed within wider disability studies and academic, health and political debate. A Critical Ethnography of this kind has not as yet been produced in the UK, potentially because of the controversial and complex nature of reporting on such a study, gatekeeper protectionism, and the vulnerability of the participants who are safeguarded. These issues are also considered and interrogated in this thesis. The work is original in its academic contribution to the field of disability studies and debate about socio-political welfare policy, and to developing, and reflecting on, a critical ethnographic methodology for working with learning disabled people.
Graph theoretic methods for examining landscape connectivity and spatial movement patterns: application to the FMF grizzly bear research project
Creators: name: Schwab, Barbara L.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 130-139
description: Maintaining movement connections across fragmented landscapes is important for the long-term conservation of grizzly bear populations. The focus of this thesis is on applying graph theoretic methods in conjunction with RS, GIS and GPS to study connectivity associated with female grizzly bears in the Yellowhead Ecosystem, Alberta. Centroids of habitat patches provided the basis for graph nodes. Edges representing connections or movement paths between nodes were created using Least-Cost Path (LCP) modeling. Four alternative permeability surfaces were employed to generate functional linkages between habitat patches. Graph structures were developed using 1999 / 2000 GPS data and validated with 2001 I 2002 GPS data for grizzly bears at two spatial scales (individual and landscape levels). Final graph structures were analyzed to quantify connectivity levels and visually explore spatial movement patterns. Results demonstrated the graph theoretic model not only provides measurements related to connectivity but also identifies potential movement corridors across landscapes.
Collective emotions online and their influence on community life
Creators: name: Chmiel, Anna
name: Sienkiewicz, Julian
name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Paltoglou, Georgios
name: Buckley, Kevan
name: Kappas, Arvid
name: Hołyst, Janusz A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: E-communities, social groups interacting online, have recently become an object of interdisciplinary research. As with face-to-face meetings, Internet exchanges may not only include factual information but also emotional information - how participants feel about the subject discussed or other group members. Emotions are known to be important in affecting interaction partners in offline communication in many ways. Could emotions in Internet exchanges affect others and systematically influence quantitative and qualitative aspects of the trajectory of e-communities? The development of automatic sentiment analysis has made large scale emotion detection and analysis possible using text messages collected from the web. It is not clear if emotions in e-communities primarily derive from individual group members' personalities or if they result from intra-group interactions, and whether they influence group activities. We show the collective character of affective phenomena on a large scale as observed in 4 million posts downloaded from Blogs, Digg and BBC forums. To test whether the emotions of a community member may influence the emotions of others, posts were grouped into clusters of messages with similar emotional valences. The frequency of long clusters was much higher than it would be if emotions occurred at random. Distributions for cluster lengths can be explained by preferential processes because conditional probabilities for consecutive messages grow as a power law with cluster length. For BBC forum threads, average discussion lengths were higher for larger values of absolute average emotional valence in the first ten comments and the average amount of emotion in messages fell during discussions. Our results prove that collective emotional states can be created and modulated via Internet communication and that emotional expressiveness is the fuel that sustains some e-communities.
description: 23 pages including Supporting Information, accepted to PLoS ONE
Simplified stakeholder tree and weighting matrix of requirements
Creators: name: Hoang, Anh
name: Jendrny, Nils
name: Pfeifer, Andreas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Ben@Rail intends to provide recommendations for the R&I priorities set in the European Union Rail Joint Undertaking (Europe’s Rail Joint Undertaking ERJU) Master Plan. These recommendations are based on the requirements and expectations of the stakeholders of the European railway system. Therefore, if combined with the objectives of the Master Plan, strengthens the effectiveness of EU-funded Research & Innovation (R&I) activities. To ensure this, first it is necessary to identify the currently and prospective important stakeholders that are involved and/or interested in the railway sector. Then, gather the stakeholders’ requirements and expectations regarding the European railway system. Subsequently, the requirements are weighted in order to highlight the different importance for the respective stakeholders.
 This document provides a collection of the stakeholders of the European rail system. A total of 13 different main stakeholder categories have been identified. These main categories were further divided into 44 sub-stakeholders. All stakeholders are presented systematically and structured graphically in a simplified stakeholder tree.
 For the identified stakeholders, their requirements have been collected, analysed, ordered and weighted. The result of this process is a weighting matrix, which is particularly relevant for the further progress of the project. The weighting matrix consists of 380 major requirements, followed by another 1100 unweighted minor requirements structured in their sub-layers. Over almost all stakeholders, economic requirements in particular, such as low costs or high revenues, are given priority. However, aspects of safety, punctuality, reliability and low emissions are also rated highly.
 Furthermore, besides the listed requirements, core requirements were qualitatively derived from interviews with stakeholder representatives, as they were explicitly named in a large number of interviews. Their main concern is the harmonization of cross-border processes in the railway system and the harmonization of national regulations. Especially these fields are seen by stakeholders as powerful facilitations in connection with railway systems. Therefore, from stakeholders’ point of view, the fulfilment of these qualitative core requirements will contribute the best to enable the increase of competitiveness and market share of rail transport.
Rheological regimes in agitated granular media under shear
Creators: name: D'Angelo, Olfa
name: Sperl, Matthias
name: Kranz, W. Till
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Agitated granular media have a rich rheology: they exhibit Newtonian behavior at low shear rate and density, develop a yield stress at high density, and cross over to Bagnoldian shear thickening when sheared rapidly -- making them challenging to encompass in one theoretical framework. We measure the rheology of air-fluidized glass particles, spanning five orders of magnitude in shear rate. By comparing fluidization-induced to Brownian agitation, we show that all rheological regimes can be delineated by two dimensionless numbers -- the Peclet number, $\Pe$, and the ratio of shear-to-fluidization power, $Π$ -- and propose a constitutive relation that captures all flow behaviors, qualitatively and quantitatively, in one unified framework.
Method of Analytic Evolution of Flat Distribution Amplitudes in QCD
Creators: name: Tandogan, Asli
name: Radyushkin, Anatoly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new analytical method of performing ERBL evolution is described. The main goal is to develop an approach that works for distribution amplitudes that do not vanish at the end points, for which the standard method of expansion in Gegenbauer polynomials is inefficient. Two cases of the initial DA are considered: a purely flat DA, given by the same constant for all x, and an antisymmetric DA given by opposite constants for x <1/2 and x>1/2. For a purely flat DA, the evolution is governed by an overall (x (1-x))^t dependence on the evolution parameter t times a factor that was calculated as an expansion in t. For an antisymmetric flat DA, an extra overall factor |1-2x|^{2t} appears due to a jump at x=1/2. A good convergence was observed in the t < 1/2 region. For larger t, one can use the standard method of the Gegenbauer expansion.
description: Talk at the QCD Evolution workshop: from collinear to non collinear case. April 8-9, 2011, Jefferson Lab, Newport News, Virginia. To be published in the International Journal of Modern Physics: Conference Series
Streaming multimedia over WMSNs: an online multipath routing protocol
Creators: name: Medjiah, Samir
name: Ahmed, Toufik
name: Asgari, Abolghasem Hamid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Routing is a challenge to Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) for supporting multimedia applications due to nodes' energy constraints and computational capabilities, and the ways sensor nodes obtain forwarding information. In this paper, we propose an online multipath routing protocol that uses nodes' positions to make forwarding decisions at each hop. Real-time decisions are made without any need to have the entire network topology knowledge. The protocol achieves load-balancing and minimises nodes' energy consumption by utilizing: (a) smart greedy forwarding scheme for selecting next hop, and (b) walking back forwarding scheme to bypass network holes. Performance comparisons of the proposed protocol (schemes) are made with TPGF and GPSR. The results show that our schemes: (a) maximise the overall network lifespan by not draining energy from some specific nodes, (b) provide QoS delivery for video streams by using best nodes along the route, and (c) scale better in high density WMSN.
Noble gases in high-pressure silicate liquids: A computer simulation study
Creators: name: Guillot, B.
name: Sator, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The test particle method has been used in conjunction with molecular dynamics simulations to evaluate the solubility of noble gases in silicate melts of various compositions. At low pressure the calculated solubility constants (the inverse of the Henry's constant) are in excellent agreement with data of the literature. In particular it is found that the solubility constant (i) decreases when the size of the noble gas increases, (ii) decreases from silica-rich to silica-poor composition of the melt, and (iii) is positively correlated with the temperature. Moreover it is shown that the solubility is governed primarily by the entropic cost of cavity formation for inserting the noble gas into the melt and secondarily by its solvation energy. Interestingly, the behaviour of these two contributions differ from each other as the entropic cost of cavity formation increases strongly with the size of the solute atom to insert whereas large atoms are better solvated than small ones. With all melt composition investigated here (silica, rhyolite, MORB and olivine), the calculated solubility curves exhibit the same qualitative behaviour with pressure; a steep rise culminating in a broad maximum followed by a gradual decrease of the solubility at higher pressure. At variance with LHDAC experiments (Chamorro et al. (1996, 1998) and Bouhifd et al. (2006, 2008)) where a Ar solubility drop is observed at about 50 kbar in silica and molten olivine and in the pressure range ~100-160 kbar with other melt composition, we do not find such a sudden change of the solubility.
description: 67 pages, 17 figures. To be published in Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
(Pre-)Modern (Non-)Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Khveshchenko, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This note addresses the problem of constructing a proper bosonized description of the collective modes in strongly interacting (non-)Fermi liquids which is specific to two spatial dimensions. Although, in a mild form, this subtlety exists in the Fermi liquid as well, the discussion focuses on the effects of long-ranged and/or retarded interactions which can completely destroy the fermionic quasiparticles. The present analysis also provides a further insight into the nature and properties of the collective bosonic modes in such systems.
A Note on the First Integrals of Vector Fields with Integrating Factors and Normalizers
Creators: name: Llibre, Jaume
name: Peralta-Salas, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove a sufficient condition for the existence of explicit first integrals for vector fields which admit an integrating factor. This theorem recovers and extends previous results in the literature on the integrability of vector fields which are volume preserving and possess nontrivial normalizers. Our approach is geometric and coordinate-free and hence it works on any smooth orientable manifold.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers spillway apron and fish ladder erosion emergency repairs at the Lake Washington Ship Canal (LWSC) Project in Seattle, King County, Washington, HUC: 171100191200 – Puget Sound and 171100120400 – Lake Washington
titleType: Other
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2020-01408
Reconstructing diet and tracing life histories in colonial populations of the northeastern Caribbean using stable carbon and nitrogen isotopes
Creators: name: Varney, Tamara L.
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 229-255
description: This dissertation uses stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analysis in conjunction with archaeological and historical evidence to reconstruction diet, and the trace of life histories of individuals in three colonial era (circa A.O. 1800) cemetery populations from three adjacent islands (Antigua, Guadeloupe and Montserrat) of the Northeastern Caribbean. The cemetery populations studied were excavated in response to disturbance by modern development or weather related erosion. Two of them are believed to be comprised largely of enslaved individuals of African origin and descent. The remaining cemetery population is of mixed origin including regular British Naval personnel of European origin as well as enslaved blacks of African origin and descent. The main purpose of this work is to establish isotopic signatures that represent the dietary habits of enslaved populations of the Northeastern Caribbean during the colonial era. The data reveal that while there are consistent similarities in terms of diet among the three populations that represent enslaved individuals, a large range of variability also exists. No significant differences in diet between the sexes were identified. The isotopic data is generally consistent with historic accounts of slave diet. The majority of individuals were consuming a diet that relied on a mix of C3 and C4 staple grains (maize and Guinea corn) and root crops (e.g., cassava, yams). The variability is attributed to the great diversity of geographic and cultural origins of the enslaved populations, as well as status differences among the three groups. The isotopic data indicate that the main dietary difference among the three groups is due to consumption of different protein sources (marine versus terrestrial). Life histories of 51 individuals from the three cemeteries were investigated using tooth and bone apatite. Comparison of the 813C values of the two tissues reveals that 21 individuals experienced a substantial change in diet from childhood to adulthood. The dietary changes were probably the result of their enforced immigration to the Caribbean from their birthplace in Africa. This is the first work to apply stable isotope analyses to questions of diet in the Caribbean during the historic period. Furthermore, it is the first attempt to trace life histories using stable isotope analyses of probable immigrant populations of the Caribbean.
GOODS-Herschel Measurements of the Dust Attenuation of Typical Star-Forming Galaxies at High Redshift: Observations of UV-Selected Galaxies at z~2
Creators: name: Reddy, N.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Morrison, G.
name: Giavalisco, M.
name: Ivison, R.
name: Papovich, C.
name: Scott, D.
name: Buat, V.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Murphy, E.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dasyra, K.
name: Hwang, H. S.
name: Kartaltepe, J.
name: Leiton, R.
name: Magnelli, B.
name: Popesso, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We take advantage of the sensitivity and resolution of Herschel at 100 and 160 micron to directly image the thermal dust emission and investigate the infrared luminosities, L(IR), and dust obscuration of typical star-forming (L*) galaxies at high redshift. Our sample consists of 146 UV-selected galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts 1.51e10 Lsun at z~2 are luminous infrared galaxies (LIRGs) with a median L(IR)=(2.2+/-0.3)e11 Lsun. Typical galaxies at 1.5
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables, submitted to the Astrophysical Journal
Die Trierer Basilika
Creators: name: Koethe, Harald
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2020

description: [nicht vorhanden]
description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 12 Nr. 2-3 (1937): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Zur Interaktion des Menschen mit einem nachgiebigen Untergrund bei periodischer und einmaliger Bewegungsform - energetische Aspekte und Verletzungsrisiko
Creators: name: Bellanger, Claudia
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015

description: Ziel der Arbeit ist eine systematische Untersuchung verschiedener Mensch- und Bodenparameter auf Verletzungsrisiko und energetische Aspekte für eine periodische Bewegungsabfolge und eine einmalige Bewegungsform. Es werden verschiedene Mensch- und Bodenmodelle eingeführt. Die Analyse zeigt, welche Parameterbereiche (Steifigkeit, Dämpfung) sich positiv auf die Bewertungskriterien auswirken. Eine mögliche Ursache für die konstante Schwerpunktstrajektorie des Menschen wird identifiziert.
Plasma effects on resonant fusion
Creators: name: Sawyer, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of plasma interactions on resonance-enhanced fusion rates in stars. Starting from basic principles we derive an expression for the fusion rate that can serve as a basis for discussion of approximation schemes. The present state-of-the-art correction algorithms, based on the classical correlation function for the fusing particles and the classical energy shift for the resonant state, do not follow from this result, even as an approximation. The results of expanding in a perturbation solution for the case of a weakly coupled plasma are somewhat enlightening. But at this point we are at a loss as to how to do meaningful calculations in systems with even moderate plasma coupling strength. Examples where this can matter are: the effect of a possible low energy $^{12}$ C +$^{12}$ C resonance on X-ray bursts from accreting neutron stars or on supernova 1A simulations; and the calculation of the triple $α$ rate in some of the more strongly coupled regions in which the process enters, such as accretion onto a neutron star.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Evolutionary morphology of the theropod scapulocoracoid
Creators: name: Jasinoski, Sandra Christine
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2003

description: Bibliography: p. 384-411
description: The theropod scapulocoracoid is an integral component of the avian flight apparatus, and its evolution is investigated using a combination of systematically based comparative anatomical and morphometric analyses. The morphological trends revealed via comparisons of theropod taxa are subsequently compared to the results of thin-plate spline analysis, allowing for a more objective assessment of shape changes observed in the scapulocoracoid. Thin-plate splines also permit graphical reconstruction of hypothetical ancestral forms situated at the internal nodes within a cladogram. The transformations inferred for the hypothetical ancestors, which represent more accurately the true line of descent, are compared to the transitions between the terminal taxa. In order to evaluate changes in the size and performance of the shoulder girdle musculature during this transition, theropod shoulder girdle musculature is reconstructed, based upon phylogenetic and functional inferences. Identification and comparison of osteological correlates of theropod shoulder musculature across theropod groups, and areas of shape change in the scapulocoracoid as revealed by anatomical comparisons, allow muscular changes to be mapped onto structural intermediates leading up to birds.
High temperature charge and thermal transport properties of the n-type thermoelectric material PbSe
Creators: name: Androulakis, John
name: Chung, Duck-Young
name: Su, Xianli
name: Zhang, Li
name: Uher, Ctirad
name: Hassapis, Thomas C.
name: Hatzikraniotis, Euripides
name: Paraskevopoulos, Konstantinos M.
name: Kanatzidis, Mercouri G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of the charge transport, optical reflectivity, and thermal transport properties of n-type PbSe crystals. A strong scattering, mobility-limiting mechanism was revealed to be at play at temperatures above 500 K. The mechanism is indicative of complex electron-phonon interactions that cannot be explained by conventional acoustical phonon scattering alone. We applied the first order non-parabolicity approximation to extract the density of states effective mass as a function of doping both at room temperature and at 700 K. The results are compared to those of a parabolic band model and in the light of doping dependent studies of the infrared optical reflectivity. The thermal conductivity behavior as a function of temperature shows strong deviation from the expected Debye-Peierls high temperature behavior (umklapp dominated) indicating an additional heat carrying channel, which we associate with optical phonon excitations. The correlation of the thermal conductivity observations to the high temperature carrier mobility behavior is discussed. The thermoelectric figure of merit exhibits a promising value of ~0.8 at 700K at 1.5 x 10^{19}$ cm^-3.
description: 14 figures, 2 tables, 12 pages, 53 references