cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Location of Gamma-ray emission and magnetic field strengths in OJ 287
Creators: name: Hodgson, J. A.
name: Krichbaum, T. P.
name: Marscher, A. P.
name: Jorstad, S. G.
name: Rani, B.
name: Marti-Vidal, I.
name: Bach, U.
name: Sanchez, S.
name: Bremer, M.
name: Lindqvist, M.
name: Uunila, M.
name: Kallunki, J.
name: Vicente, P.
name: Fuhrmann, L.
name: Angelakis, E.
name: Karamanavis, V.
name: Myserlis, I.
name: Nestoras, I.
name: Chidiac, C.
name: Sievers, A.
name: Gurwell, M.
name: Zensus, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamma-ray BL Lac object OJ 287 is known to exhibit inner-parsec "jet-wobbling", high degrees of variability at all wavelengths and quasi-stationary features including an apparent (~100 deg) position angle change in projection on the sky plane. Sub-50 micro-arcsecond resolution 86 GHz observations with the global mm-VLBI array (GMVA) supplement ongoing multi-frequency VLBI blazar monitoring at lower frequencies. Using these maps together with cm/mm total intensity and Gamma-ray observations from Fermi/LAT from 2008-2014, we aimed to determine the location of Gamma-ray emission and to explain the inner-mas structural changes. Observations with the GMVA offer approximately double the angular resolution compared with 43 GHz VLBA observations and allow us to observe above the synchrotron self-absorption peak frequency. The jet was spectrally decomposed at multiple locations along the jet. From this we derived estimates of the magnetic field. How the field decreases down the jet allowed an estimate of the distance to the jet apex and an estimate of the magnetic field strength at the jet apex and in the broad line region. Combined with accurate kinematics we attempt to locate the site of Gamma-ray activity, radio flares and spectral changes. Strong Gamma-ray flares appeared to originate from either the "core" region, a downstream stationary feature, or both, with Gamma-ray activity significantly correlated with radio flaring in the downstream quasi-stationary feature. Magnetic field estimates were determined at multiple locations along the jet, with the magnetic field found to be >1.6 G in the "core" and >0.4 G in the downstream quasi-stationary feature. We therefore found upper limits on the location of the "core" as >6.0 pc from the jet apex and determined an upper limit on the magnetic field near the jet base of the order of thousands of Gauss.
description: 30 pages, 20 figures
DDOTI: the deca-degree optical transient imager
Creators: name: Watson, Alan M.
name: Lee, William H.
name: Troja, Eleonora
name: Román-Zúñiga, Carlos G.
name: Butler, Nathaniel R.
name: Kutyrev, Alexander S.
name: Gehrels, Neil A.
name: Ángeles, Fernando
name: Basa, Stéphane
name: Blanc, Pierre-Eric
name: Boër, Michel
name: de Diego, Jose A.
name: Farah, Alejandro S.
name: Figueroa, Liliana
name: Chew, Yilen Gómez Maqueo
name: Klotz, Alain
name: Quirós, Fernando
name: Reyes-Ruíz, Maurico
name: Ruíz-Diáz-Soto, Jaime
name: Thierry, Pierre
name: Tinoco, Silvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DDOTI will be a wide-field robotic imager consisting of six 28-cm telescopes with prime focus CCDs mounted on a common equatorial mount. Each telescope will have a field of view of 12 square degrees, will have 2 arcsec pixels, and will reach a 10-sigma limiting magnitude in 60 seconds of r = 18.7 in dark time and r = 18.0 in bright time. The set of six will provide an instantaneous field of view of about 72 square degrees. DDOTI uses commercial components almost entirely. The first DDOTI will be installed at the Observatorio Astronómico Nacional in Sierra San Pedro Martír, Baja California, México in early 2017. The main science goals of DDOTI are the localization of the optical transients associated with GRBs detected by the GBM instrument on the Fermi satellite and with gravitational-wave transients. DDOTI will also be used for studies of AGN and YSO variability and to determine the occurrence of hot Jupiters. The principal advantage of DDOTI compared to other similar projects is cost: a single DDOTI installation costs only about US$500,000. This makes it possible to contemplate a global network of DDOTI installations. Such geographic diversity would give earlier access and a higher localization rate. We are actively exploring this option.
description: To appear in the proceedings of SPIE conference 9910 "Observatory Operations: Strategies, Processes, and Systems VI". 12 pages
The Dynamics of Special Economic Zones in Manufacturing Industry to Economic Transformation: the Case of Dire Dawa City
Creators: name: Berhanu, Mahder
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2020

description: The significance of a country’s special economic zones, especially manufacturing industries received great attention for economic transformation. The aim of the study is to deal with the dynamics of special economic zones in manufacturing industry to economic transformation in Dire Dawa City. No study conducted in the area of special economic zones in manufacturing industry at national as well as regional level. In this study, we used 57 operational manufacturing firms in 11 sub-sectors to examine the more dynamics of special economic zones for economic transformation. The concurrent mixed research design was employed. Both primary and secondary data were collected. The study found that it has a significant effect on economic transformation in terms of employment, export product diversification, industrialization, urbanization, and regional economic growth. However, it requires placing special measurement to tackle, manage and implement properly through reducing negative consequences. The study, therefore, recommended that the city and the federal government should develop, design and implement successful special economic zones strategies to attract and sustain investment.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): National Economic Development
Ensemble Maximum Entropy Classification and Linear Regression for Author Age Prediction
Creators: name: Hong, Joey
name: Mattmann, Chris
name: Ramirez, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The evolution of the internet has created an abundance of unstructured data on the web, a significant part of which is textual. The task of author profiling seeks to find the demographics of people solely from their linguistic and content-based features in text. The ability to describe traits of authors clearly has applications in fields such as security and forensics, as well as marketing. Instead of seeing age as just a classification problem, we also frame age as a regression one, but use an ensemble chain method that incorporates the power of both classification and regression to learn the authors exact age.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Moran-type bounds for the fixation probability in a frequency-dependent Wright-Fisher model
Creators: name: Chumley, Timothy
name: Aydogmus, Ozgur
name: Matzavinos, Anastasios
name: Roitershtein, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60J10, 92D25, 60J85

description: We study stochastic evolutionary game dynamics in a population of finite size. Individuals in the population are divided into two dynamically evolving groups. The structure of the population is formally described by a Wright-Fisher type Markov chain with a frequency dependent fitness. In a strong selection regime that favors one of the two groups, we obtain qualitatively matching lower and upper bounds for the fixation probability of the advantageous population. In the infinite population limit we obtain an exact result showing that a single advantageous mutant can invade an infinite population with a positive probability. We also give asymptotically sharp bounds for the fixation time distribution.
Frobenius-Chern-Simons gauge theory
Creators: name: Bonezzi, Roberto
name: Boulanger, Nicolas
name: Sezgin, Ergin
name: Sundell, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a set of differential forms on an odd-dimensional noncommutative manifold valued in an internal associative algebra H, we show that the most general cubic covariant Hamiltonian action, without mass terms, is controlled by an Z_2-graded associative algebra F with a graded symmetric nondegenerate bilinear form. The resulting class of models provide a natural generalization of the Frobenius-Chern-Simons model (FCS) that was proposed in arXiv:1505.04957 as an off-shell formulation of the minimal bosonic four-dimensional higher spin gravity theory. If F is unital and the Z_2-grading is induced from a Klein operator that is outer to a proper Frobenius subalgebra, then the action can be written on a form akin to topological open string field theory in terms of a superconnection valued in the direct product of H and F. We give a new model of this type based on a twisting of C[Z_2 x Z_4], which leads to self-dual complexified gauge fields on AdS_4. If F is 3-graded, the FCS model can be truncated consistently as to zero-form constraints on-shell. Two examples thereof are a twisting of C[(Z_2)^3] that yields the original model, and the Clifford algebra Cl_2n which provides an FCS formulation of the bosonic Konstein--Vasiliev model with gauge algebra hu(4^{n-1},0).
description: 44 pages
Magnetic shielding and exotic spin-dependent interactions
Creators: name: Kimball, D. F. Jackson
name: Dudley, J.
name: Li, Y.
name: Thulasi, S.
name: Pustelny, S.
name: Budker, D.
name: Zolotorev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments searching for exotic spin-dependent interactions typically employ magnetic shielding between the source of the exotic field and the interrogated spins. We explore the question of what effect magnetic shielding has on detectable signals induced by exotic fields. Our general conclusion is that for common experimental geometries and conditions, magnetic shields should not significantly reduce sensitivity to exotic spin-dependent interactions, especially when the technique of comagnetometry is used. However, exotic fields that couple to electron spin can induce magnetic fields in the interior of shields made of a soft ferro- or ferrimagnetic material. This induced magnetic field must be taken into account in the interpretation of experiments searching for new spin-dependent interactions and raises the possibility of using a flux concentrator inside magnetic shields to amplify exotic spin-dependent signals.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Critical Making Final Report on Communication, Exploitation and Dissemination
Creators: name: Rebel, Christine
name: Mamitzsch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: maker movement

description: The "Critical Making" project represents a research initiative that had the aim of contributing to the field of knowledge and practice of critical and socially responsible making. This report provides a comprehensive overview of the project's communication, community engagement, exploitation, and dissemination activities, rooted in rigorous scientific research. Throughout the project, emphasis has been placed on exploring grassroots innovation processes within open spaces like makerspaces and fab labs as well as communities of these spaces as well as individual makers, designers and engineers. A key objective has been to understand how young talents from diverse backgrounds can actively participate in open source innovation and contribute to the development of an inclusive society. The report showcases the project's milestones, which include extensive community engagement through diverse case actions, scholarly papers that have been published, active participation in academic and popularised conferences, and the creation of comprehensive guides to promote inclusivity in making practices. By following the strategies and key performance indicators (KPIs) outlined in the Critical Making D7.1 Communication, Engagement, and Dissemination Plan, the project has maintained alignment with its objectives and worked towards delivering meaningful outcomes. The D7.2 Interim report on Critical Making CED activities and exploitation plans has further refined these strategies, ensuring the project's continuous growth and impact. Achievements have been realised in areas such as academic contributions, community engagement, and the dissemination of project-related information to a wide audience. An analysis of media and communication activities, along with a comprehensive list of academic papers and conference presentations, demonstrates the project's commitment to effectively communicate and disseminate its findings. This report highlights the Critical Making project's communication, engagement, and dissemination strategies, underscoring its academic rigour and commitment to responsible research and innovation in grassroots innovations. The project has provided valuable guidelines, resources, and frameworks that serve as seeds for communities to build upon, fostering the growth of inclusive, and socially impactful making endeavours. Additionally, the report highlights sustainability efforts of the project, like workshops performed with key target groups and lists exploitation opportunities by all partners.
German Contract Law Five Years After the Fundamental Contract Law Reform in the Schuldrechtsmodernisierung
Creators: name: Grundmann, Stefan
name: Ochmann, Florian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: After five years, core questions regarding the large contract law reform in Germany of 2002, the Schuldrechtsmodernisierung, have been answered in the case law, mostly by the German Supreme Court. The article discusses clarifications with respect to: the extent to which consumer law protection applies; the concept of non-conformity with the contract and the remedies based on such non-conformity under the EC Sales Directive (and its German transposition); the different kinds of damages which can be distinguished and questions of their computation; and finally the role which the new legal model plays when standard contract terms in pure business transactions are controlled. The German case law is astonishingly dense in all these respects already.
Signatures of protein structure in the cooperative gating of mechanosensitive ion channels
Creators: name: Kahraman, Osman
name: Klug, William S.
name: Haselwandter, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Membrane proteins deform the surrounding lipid bilayer, which can lead to membrane-mediated interactions between neighboring proteins. Using the mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) as a model system, we demonstrate how the observed differences in protein structure can affect membrane-mediated interactions and cooperativity among membrane proteins. We find that distinct oligomeric states of MscL lead to distinct gateway states for the clustering of MscL, and predict signatures of MscL structure and spatial organization in the cooperative gating of MscL. Our modeling approach establishes a quantitative relation between the observed shapes and cooperative function of membrane~proteins.
EC Financial Services and Contract Law – Developments 2005–2007
Creators: name: Grundmann, Stefan
name: Hollering, Jörg
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: 340 Recht

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: The contribution is a follow-up of the overview published in ERCL 2005, 482. While the law with respect to prudential supervision changed little, contract law developed considerably. This is so despite the fact that no important new legislation has been adopted: In the area of commercial banking, the new Consumer Credit Directive is still under discussion. There is, however, an ambitious project to regulate all payment instruments in one sole legal measure, namely: credit transfers, credit and debit cards and direct debit. In the area of investment banking, the Market in Financial Instruments Directive of 2004 (MiFID) had to be transposed in the Member States until 1st November 2007. This is important because the so-called Lamfalussy regulatory architecture which was used for this directive is about integrating more coherently EC legislation, national transposition and effective implementation. Therefore, while giving a general overview as well, the article concentrates on these two developments: the proposal for a payments directive and the transposition of the MiFID.
Domain structure of ultrathin ferromagnetic elements in the presence of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction
Creators: name: Muratov, Cyrill B.
name: Slastikov, Valeriy V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in nanofabrication make it possible to produce multilayer nanostructures composed of ultrathin film materials with thickness down to a few monolayers of atoms and lateral extent of several tens of nanometers. At these scales, ferromagnetic materials begin to exhibit unusual properties, such as perpendicular magnetocrystalline anisotropy and antisymmetric exchange, also referred to as Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI), because of the increased importance of interfacial effects. The presence of surface DMI has been demonstrated to fundamentally alter the structure of domain walls. Here we use the micromagnetic modeling framework to analyse the existence and structure of chiral domain walls, viewed as minimizers of a suitable micromagnetic energy functional. We explicitly construct the minimizers in the one-dimensional setting, both for the interior and edge walls, for a broad range of parameters. We then use the methods of {$Γ$}-convergence to analyze the asymptotics of the two-dimensional mag- netization patterns in samples of large spatial extent in the presence of weak applied magnetic fields.
Cosmology with gamma-ray bursts: I. The Hubble diagram through the calibrated $E_{\rm p,i}$ - $E_{\rm iso}$ correlation
Creators: name: Demianski, Marek
name: Piedipalumbo, Ester
name: Sawant, Disha
name: Amati, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts are the most energetic explosions in the Universe. They are detectable up to very high redshifts, therefore can be used to study the expansion rate of the Universe and to investigate the observational properties of dark energy, provided that empirical correlations between spectral and intensity properties are appropriately calibrated. We used the type Ia supernova luminosity distances to calibrate the correlation between the peak photon energy, $E_{p, i}$, and the isotropic equivalent radiated energy, $ E_{iso}$ in GRBs. With this correlation, we tested the reliability of applying GRBs to measure cosmological parameters and to obtain indications on the basic properties and evolution of dark energy. Using 162 GRBs with measured redshifts and spectra, we applied a local regression technique to calibrate the $E_{p, i}$-$E_{iso}$ correlation against the type Ia SN data to build a calibrated GRB Hubble diagram. We tested the possible redshift dependence of the correlation and its effect on the Hubble diagram. Finally, we used the GRB Hubble diagram to investigate the dark energy EOS. For this, we focused on the so-called Chevalier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parametrization of the dark energy EOS and implemented the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method to efficiently sample the space of cosmological parameters. Our analysis shows once more that the $E_{p, i}$-$E_{iso}$ correlation has no significant redshift dependence. Therefore the high-redshift GRBs can be used as a cosmological tool to determine the basic cosmological parameters and to test different models of dark energy in the redshift region ($z\geqslant 3$), which is unexplored by the SNIa and baryonic acoustic oscillations data. Our updated calibrated Hubble diagram of GRBs provides some marginal indication (at $1σ$ level) of an evolving dark energy EOS.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Designing Repositories in Poor Countries
Creators: name: Suleman, Huessein
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: OR2023

description: Our closing keynote speaker is Prof Hussein Suleman whose research is situated within the Digital Libraries Laboratory in the Department of Computer Science at the University of Cape Town. This session promises to inspire and challenge our participants - to encourage them to think broadly about the ways repositories enable discoverability and interoperability of information and data within the structured web of data.
New Dualities and Misleading Anomaly Matchings from Outer-automorphism Twists
Creators: name: Pal, Sridip
name: Song, Jaewon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study four-dimensional N=1, 2 superconformal theory in class S obtained by compactifying the 6d N=(2, 0) theory on a Riemann surface C with outer-automorphism twist lines. From the pair-of-pants decompositions C we find various dual descriptions for the same theory having distinct gauge groups. We show that the various configurations of the twist line give rise to dual descriptions for the identical theory. We compute the 't Hooft anomaly coefficients and the superconformal indices to test dualities. Surprisingly, we find that the class S theories with twist lines wrapping 1-cycles of C have the identical 't Hooft anomalies as the ones without the twist line, whereas the superconformal indices differ. This provides a set of examples where the anomaly matching is insufficient to test dualities.
description: 28 pages, 18 figures
Cloreto de carbamilcolina no tratamento da atonia ruminorrecular de pequenos ruminantes.pdf
Creators: name: Honorato, Jailson
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300911
subject: Veterinary pharmacology

description: A atonia ruminal em pequenos ruminantes pode ser causada tanto pela indigestão primária quanto secundária. A indigestão primária é uma disfunção que ocorre quando os locais da doença são o retículo, o rúmen ou o omaso. A indigestão secundária ocorre como um sequela de doença do abomaso, fígado, peritonite ou uma síndrome sistêmica severa como febre. A maioria destas doenças são distúrbios dos mecanismos fisiológicos que influenciam a motilidade ruminorreticular e a fermentação. Consequentemente, o diagnóstico se baseia nas alterações físicas que acompanham os distúrbios da motilidade e as mudanças no fluido ruminal que acompanham os distúrbios da fermentação. Os problemas que afetam a motilidade intestinal ficam evidentes antes que a doença subjacente seja identificada, assim, é necessário entender os problemas que influenciam a motilidade ruminal antes de poder determinar qual o problema que está ocorrendo e antes de prescrever o tratamento. O tratamento racional deve ser somente baseado no diagnóstico da causa subjacente e tem o objetivo de restaurar e manter condições dentro do rúmen compatíveis com a função normal. Inicialmente, deve-se administrar grandes quantidades de água, ajustar o pH por causa da acidificação, manutenção da fermentação ácida, restauração da flora ruminal e restabelecimento da motilidade com ruminatórios e purgativos. O cloreto de carbamilcolina ou carbacol estimula a motilidade ruminal, aumenta o tônus e a frequencia de contrações ruminais, além de ser capaz de estimular abundante salivação nos ovinos.
Insights into Phase Transitions and Entanglement from Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Wei, Bo-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density functional theory has made great success in solid state physics, quantum chemistry and in computational material sciences. In this work we show that density functional theory could shed light on phase transitions and entanglement at finite temperatures. Specifically, we show that the equilibrium state of an interacting quantum many-body system which is in thermal equilibrium with a heat bath at a fixed temperature is a universal functional of the first derivatives of the free energy with respect to temperature and other control parameters respectively. This insight from density functional theory enables us to express the average value of any physical observable and any entanglement measure as a universal functional of the first derivatives of the free energy with respect to temperature and other control parameters. Since phase transitions are marked by the nonanalytic behavior of free energy with respect to control parameters, the physical quantities and entanglement measures may present nonanalytic behavior at critical point inherited from their dependence on the first derivative of free energy. We use an experimentally realizable model to demonstrate the idea. These results give new insights for phase transitions and provide new profound connections between entanglement and phase transition in interacting quantum many-body physics.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Spin Injection and Inverse Edelstein Effect in the Surface States of Topological Kondo Insulator SmB6
Creators: name: Song, Qi
name: Mi, Jian
name: Zhao, Dan
name: Su, Tang
name: Yuan, Wei
name: Xing, Wenyu
name: Chen, Yangyang
name: Wang, Tianyu
name: Wu, Tao
name: Chen, Xian Hui
name: Xie, X. C.
name: Zhang, Chi
name: Shi, Jing
name: Han, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been considerable interest in exploiting the spin degrees of freedom of electrons for potential information storage and computing technologies. Topological insulators (TI), a class of quantum materials, have special gapless edge/surface states, where the spin polarization of the Dirac fermions is locked to the momentum direction. This spin-momentum locking property gives rise to very interesting spin-dependent physical phenomena such as the Edelstein and inverse Edelstein effects. However, the spin injection in pure surface states of TI is very challenging because of the coexistence of the highly conducting bulk states. Here, we experimentally demonstrate the spin injection and observe the inverse Edelstein effect in the surface states of a topological Kondo insulator, SmB6. At low temperatures when only surface carriers are present, a clear spin signal is observed. Furthermore, the magnetic field angle dependence of the spin signal is consistent with spin-momentum locking property of surface states of SmB6.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, Accepted to Nature Communications (In Press)
Direct Testing of Gradual PostPeak Softening of Notched Specimens of Fiber Composites Stabilized by Enhanced Stiffness and Mass
Creators: name: Bazant, Zdenek P.
name: Chau, Viet T.
name: Cusatis, Gianluca
name: Salviato, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Static and dynamic analysis of the fracture tests of fiber composites in hydraulically servo-controlled testing machines currently in use shows that their grips are much too soft and light for observing the postpeak softening. Based on static and dynamic analysis of the test setup, far stiffer and heavier grips are proposed. Tests of compact-tension fracture specimens of woven carbon-epoxy laminates prove this theoretical conclusion. Sufficiently stiff grips allow observation of a stable postpeak, even under load-point displacement control. Dynamic stability analysis further indicates that stable postpeak can be observed under CMOD control provided that a large mass is rigidly attached to the current soft grips. The fracture energy deduced from the area under the measured complete load-deflection curve with stable postpeak agrees closely with the fracture energy deduced from the size effect tests of the same composite. Previous suspicions of dynamic snapback in the testing of composites are dispelled. So is the previous view that fracture mechanics was inapplicable to the fiber-polymer composites.
Successive Injection of Opposite Magnetic Helicity in Solar Active Region NOAA 11928
Creators: name: Vemareddy, P.
name: Démoulin, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the nature and evolution of the photospheric helicity flux transfer is a key to reveal the role of magnetic helicity in coronal dynamics of solar active regions. Using SDO/HMI photospheric vector magnetograms and the derived flow velocity field, we computed boundary driven helicity flux with a 12 minute cadence during the emergence of AR 11928. Accounting the foot point connectivity defined by non-linear force-free magnetic extrapolations, we derived and analyzed the corrected distribution of helicity flux maps. The photospheric helicity flux injection is found to changes sign during the steady emergence of the AR. This reversal is confirmed with the evolution of the photospheric electric currents and with the coronal connectivity as observed in EUV wavelengths with SDO/AIA. During about the three first days of emergence, the AR coronal helicity is positive while later on the field configuration is close to a potential field. As theoretically expected, the magnetic helicity cancelation is associated to enhanced coronal activity. The study suggests a boundary driven transformation of the chirality in the global AR magnetic structure. This may be the result of the emergence of a flux rope with positive twist around its apex while it has negative twist in its legs. The origin of such mixed helicity flux rope in the convective zone is challenging for models.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures, Accepted in A&A
First-principles investigations into the thermodynamics of cation disorder and it's impact on electronic structure and magnetic properties of spinel $Co\left(Cr_{1-x}Mn_{x} \right)_{2}O_{4}$
Creators: name: Das, Debashish
name: Ghosh, Subhradip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments on Mn doped multiferroic $CoCr_{2}O_{4}$ indicate that a possible distribution of Mn atoms among tetrahedrally and octahedrally coordinated sites in the spinel lattice give rise to different variations in the structural parameters and saturation magnetisations in different concentration regimes of Mn atoms substituting the Cr. A composition dependent magnetic compensation behaviour points to the role conversions of the magnetic constituents. In this work, we have investigated the thermodynamics of cation disorder in $Co\left(Cr_{1-x}Mn_{x}\right)_{2}O_{4}$ system and it's consequences on the structural, electronic and magnetic properties, using results from first-principles electronic structure calculations. We have computed the variations in the cation-disorder as a function of Mn concentration and the temperature and found that at the annealing temperature of the experiment many of the systems exhibit cation disorder. Our results support the interpretations of the experimental results regarding the qualitative variations in the sub-lattice occupancies and the associated magnetisation behaviour, with composition. We have analysed the variations in structural, magnetic and electronic properties of this system with variations in the compositions and the degree of cation disorder from the variations in their electronic structures and by using the ideas from crystal field theory. Our study provides a complete microscopic picture of the effects that are responsible for composition dependent behavioural differences of the properties of this system. This work lays down a general framework, based upon results from first-principles calculations, to understand and analyse the substitutional magnetic spinel oxides $A\left(B_{1-x}C_{x} \right)_{2}O_{4}$ in presence of cation disorder.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, submitted to Physical review B
Factors Affecting e-Tourism Readiness in Ethiopia: Evidence from Federal Tourism Institutions
Creators: name: Sisay, Fassil
Publisher: name: African Journal of Leadership and Development
Year: 2020

description: Governments around the globe are striving for providing a wider and flexible range of public services tailored for all types of customers in a most efficient manner in terms of cost, time, and convenience. Based on the survey of 137 experts, Ordinal logistic regression model was estimated to identify factors that affect e-tourism readiness in Ethiopia. Experts subjective assessment was used to measure the status of readiness to implement e-government initiatives. While organizational commitment, technical capacity, and employees' readiness found to have significant effect on the rank of e-tourism readiness, managerial competence appears to have no association at all. Results indicate that interventions aiming at promoting organizational commitment, enhancing technical capacity, and advancing employees' capacity attitude and initiation will immensely contribute to implement e-government projects. In general, the results of the study provide the implication that improving institutions readiness to implement e-government initiatives in the tourism sector in Ethiopia calls for adoption of diverse strategies and policies.
description: African Journal of Leadership and Development, Vol. 5 No. 1 (2020): National Economic Development
Scaling Study and Thermodynamic Properties of the cubic Helimagnet FeGe
Creators: name: Wilhelm, H.
name: Leonov, A. O.
name: Rößler, U. K.
name: Burger, P.
name: Hardy, F.
name: Meingast, C.
name: Gruner, M. E.
name: Schnelle, W.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Baenitz, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical behavior of the cubic helimagnet FeGe was obtained from isothermal magnetization data in very close vicinity of the ordering temperature. A thorough and consistent scaling analysis of these data revealed the critical exponents $β=0.368$, $γ=1.382$, and $δ=4.787$. The anomaly in the specific heat associated with the magnetic ordering can be well described by the critical exponent $α=-0.133$. The values of these exponents corroborate that the magnetic phase transition in FeGe belongs to the isotropic 3D-Heisenberg universality class. The specific heat data are well described by ab initio phonon calculations and confirm the localized character of the magnetic moments.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Rotation in the Pleiades With K2: III. Speculations on Origins and Evolution
Creators: name: Stauffer, J. R.
name: Rebull, L. M.
name: Bouvier, J.
name: Hillenbrand, L. A.
name: Cameron, A. Collier
name: Pinsonneault, M.
name: Aigrain, S.
name: Barrado, D.
name: Bouy, H.
name: Ciardi, D.
name: Cody, A. M.
name: David, T.
name: Micela, G.
name: Soderblom, D.
name: Somers, G.
name: Stassun, K.
name: Valenti, J.
name: Vrba, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use high quality K2 light curves for hundreds of stars in the Pleiades to understand better the angular momentum evolution and magnetic dynamos of young, low mass stars. The K2 light curves provide not only rotational periods but also detailed information from the shape of the phased light curve not available in previous studies. A slowly rotating sequence begins at $(V-K_{\rm s})_0\sim$1.1 (spectral type F5) and ends at $(V-K_{\rm s})_0\sim$ 3.7 (spectral type K8), with periods rising from $\sim$2 to $\sim$11 days in that interval. Fifty-two percent of the Pleiades members in that color interval have periods within 30\% of a curve defining the slow sequence; the slowly rotating fraction decreases significantly redward of $(V-K_{\rm s})_0$=2.6. Nearly all of the slow-sequence stars show light curves that evolve significantly on timescales less than the K2 campaign duration. The majority of the FGK Pleiades members identified as photometric binaries are relatively rapidly rotating, perhaps because binarity inhibits star-disk angular momentum loss mechanisms during pre-main sequence evolution. The fully convective, late M dwarf Pleiades members (5.0 $
description: 30 pages, 26 figures, accepted to AJ. Paper I is arXiv:1606.00052 and Paper II is arXiv:1606.00055
Deep data mining in a real space: Separation of intertwined electronic responses in a lightly-doped BaFe2As2
Creators: name: Ziatdinov, Maxim
name: Maksov, Artem
name: Li, Li
name: Sefat, Athena
name: Maksymovych, Petro
name: Kalinin, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic interactions present in material compositions close to the superconducting dome play a key role in the manifestation of high-Tc superconductivity. In many correlated electron systems, however, the parent or underdoped states exhibit strongly inhomogeneous electronic landscape at the nanoscale that may be associated with competing, coexisting, or intertwined chemical disorder, strain, magnetic, and structural order parameters. Here we demonstrate an approach based on a combination of scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy (STM/S) and advanced statistical learning for an automatic separation and extraction of statistically significant electronic behaviors in the spin density wave (SDW) regime of a lightly (~1%) gold-doped BaFe2As2. We show that the decomposed STS spectral features have a direct relevance to fundamental physical properties of the system, such as SDW-induced gap, pseudogap-like state, and impurity resonance states.
Micromagnetic study of equilibrium states in nano hemispheroidal shells
Creators: name: Schultz, Keren
name: Schultz, Moty
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of micromagnetic simulations of thin ferromagnetic nano hemispheroidal shells with sizes ranging from 1 to 50 nm (inside dimensions). Depending on the geometrical and magnetic parameters of the hemispheroidal shell, there exist four different magnetic phases: easy axis, easy plane, onion and vortex. The profile for the vortex magnetization distribution is analyzed and the limitations and applicability of different vortex ansatzes are discussed. In addition, we investigate the total energy density for each of the magnetic distributions as a function of the hemispheroidal shell dimensions.
Molecular Shocks and the Gamma-ray Clouds of the W28 Supernova Remnant
Creators: name: Maxted, Nigel
name: Rowell, Gavin
name: de Wilt, Phoebe
name: Burton, Michael
name: Braiding, Catherine
name: Walsh, Andrew
name: Fukui, Yasuo
name: Kawamura, Akiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar medium clouds in the W28 region are emitting gamma-rays and it is likely that the W28 supernova remnant is responsible, making W28 a prime candidate for the study of cosmic-ray acceleration and diffusion. Understanding the influence of both supernova remnant shocks and cosmic rays on local molecular clouds can help to identify multi-wavelength signatures of probable cosmic-ray sources. To this goal, transitions of OH, SiO, NH3, HCO+ and CS have complemented CO in allowing a characterization of the chemically rich environment surrounding W28. This remnant has been an ideal test-bed for techniques that will complement arcminute-scale studies of cosmic-ray source candidates with future GeV-PeV gamma-ray observations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the American Institute of Physics Conference Series
Preservation of quantum correlations in femtosecond light pulse train within atomic ensemble
Creators: name: Manukhova, A. D.
name: Tikhonov, K. S.
name: Golubeva, T. Yu.
name: Golubev, Yu. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we examined a possibility of preservation of a substantially multimode radiation in a single cell of quantum memory. As a light source we considered a synchronously pumped optical parametric oscillator (SPOPO). As it was shown in [1-4], SPOPO radiation has a large number of the correlated modes making it attractive for the purposes of the quantum communication and computing. We showed that these correlations can be mapped on the longitudinal spin waves of the memory cell and be restored later in the readout light. The efficiencies of the writing and readout depend on the mode structure of the memory determined by a mechanism of the light-matter interaction under consideration (the non-resonance Raman interaction) and by the profile of the driving light field. We showed that like the initial light pulse train, the restored one can be represented by a set of squeezed supermodes. The mapping of the quantum multimode correlations on the material medium offers opportunities to manipulate the quantum states within the memory cell followed by the reading of the transformed state.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, submitted to PRA
title: Prevalence of autoantibodies in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis: results from the German inception cohort ICON-JIA
Creators: name: Schulz, Caroline
name: Fuehner, Sabrina
name: Schlüter, Bernhard
name: Fobker, Manfred
name: Sengler, Claudia
name: Klotsche, Jens
name: Niewerth, Martina
name: Minden, Kirsten
name: Föll, Dirk
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Background: An association of different autoimmune diseases is suspected. In juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA), only few and partially conflicting data on the co-existence of other autoimmune disorders are available. The prevalence of autoantibodies in patients with JIA in Germany is not known. Methods: Samples from 499 patients (median age at time of blood collection 11 years, median disease duration 4.4 years) in the prospective, multicenter inception cohort of children newly diagnosed with JIA (ICON-JIA) were analysed for the presence of anti-thyroid antibodies, celiac disease-specific antibodies (anti-tTG IgA, anti-tTG IgG), and connective tissue disease-associated antibodies (CTD-screen). Results: A total of 76 (15.2%) patients had either clinically diagnosed autoimmune comorbidity or elevated autoantibodies. Of 21 patients with clinical autoimmune comorbidity, only 8 were also serologically positive at the time of testing, while 55 patients had autoantibodies without clinical diagnosis. Thus, 63 patients (12.6%) had at least one elevated autoantibody. Antibodies against thyroglobulin were found in 3% and against thyreoperoxidase in 4% of the samples. TSH receptor antibodies could not be detected in any of the 499 patients. Tissue transglutaminase antibodies were elevated in 0.4% of the patients. A positive screen for CTD-specific antinuclear antibodies was found in 7%, but only rarely specific antibodies (anti-dsDNA 1.4%, anti-SS-A and -SS-B 0.2% each, anti-CENP-B 0.4%) were confirmed. Conclusions: In our study, a specific correlation between JIA and other autoimmune phenomena could not be confirmed. The lack of well-matched control groups makes interpretation challenging. Further data need to corroborate the suspected increased risk of developing other autoimmune phenomena in JIA patients.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
Optimal Placement of Dynamic Var Sources by Using Empirical Controllability Covariance
Creators: name: Qi, Junjian
name: Huang, Weihong
name: Sun, Kai
name: Kang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, the empirical controllability covariance (ECC), which is calculated around the considered operating condition of a power system, is applied to quantify the degree of controllability of system voltages under specific dynamic var source locations. An optimal dynamic var source placement method addressing fault-induced delayed voltage recovery (FIDVR) issues is further formulated as an optimization problem that maximizes the determinant of ECC. The optimization problem is effectively solved by the NOMAD solver, which implements the Mesh Adaptive Direct Search algorithm. The proposed method is tested on an NPCC 140-bus system and the results show that the proposed method with fault specified ECC can solve the FIDVR issue caused by the most severe contingency with fewer dynamic var sources than the Voltage Sensitivity Index (VSI) based method. The proposed method with fault unspecified ECC does not depend on the settings of the contingency and can address more FIDVR issues than VSI method when placing the same number of SVCs under different fault durations. It is also shown that the proposed method can help mitigate voltage collapse.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
Effects of Finite-time Singularities on Gravitational Waves
Creators: name: Kleidis, K.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the impact of finite-time singularities on gravitational waves, in the context of $F(R)$ gravity. We investigate which singularities are allowed to occur during the inflationary era, when gravitational waves are considered, and we discuss the quantitative implications of each allowed singularity. As we show, only a pressure singularity, the so-called Type II and also a Type IV singularity are allowed to occur during the inflationary era. In the case of a Type II, the resulting amplitude of the gravitational wave is zero or almost zero, hence this pressure singularity has a significant impact on the primordial gravitational waves. The case of a Type IV singularity is more interesting since as we show, the singularity has no effect on the amplitude of the gravitational waves. Therefore, this result combined with the fact that the Type IV singularity affects only the dynamics of inflation, leads to the conclusion that the Universe passes smoothly through a Type IV singularity.
description: To appear in Astrophysics and Space Science