cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combatting Infectious Diseases; A Design Proposal for a Sustainable Clinic Unit in the Era of the Airborne COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Yacob, Yostina
name: Esmat, Mirette
name: Moussa, Rania Rushdy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 330102
subject: Architectural design
classificationCode: 330110
subject: Sustainable architecture

description: The paper proposes a design prototype for clinics in the New Administrative Capital in Egypt to address the challenges posed by infectious diseases like COVID-19. The proposed design emphasizes strategies such as separate circulation for patients and doctors, regular ventilation, and effective sterilization processes. The design is intended to be easily replicable and expandable. Additionally, the paper considers various aspects, including façade design, interior design, furniture design, and the integration of artificial intelligence to create a contact-free experience. The proposed design is adaptable for similar environments beyond Egypt.
Estimation of gloss from rough surface parameters
Creators: name: Simonsen, Ingve
name: Larsen, AAge G.
name: Andreassen, Erik
name: Ommundsen, Espen
name: Nord-Varhaug, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gloss is a quantity used in the optical industry to quantify and categorize materials according to how well they scatter light specularly. With the aid of phase perturbation theory, we derive an approximate expression for this quantity for a one-dimensional randomly rough surface. It is demonstrated that gloss depends in an exponential way on two dimensionless quantities that are associated with the surface randomness: the root-mean-square roughness times the perpendicular momentum transfer for the specular direction, and a correlation function dependent factor times a lateral momentum variable associated with the collection angle. Rigorous Monte Carlo simulations are used to access the quality of this approximation, and good agreement is observed over large regions of parameter space.
description: 5 pages
Additional file 1 of A cost–benefit analysis framework for preventive health interventions to aid decision-making in Australian governments
Creators: name: Ananthapavan, Jaithri
name: Moodie, Marj
name: Milat, Andrew
name: Veerman, Lennert
name: Whittaker, Elizabeth
name: Carter, Rob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Definition of terms. Provides a definition of key terms used in the article.
Additional file 2 of A cost–benefit analysis framework for preventive health interventions to aid decision-making in Australian governments
Creators: name: Ananthapavan, Jaithri
name: Moodie, Marj
name: Milat, Andrew
name: Veerman, Lennert
name: Whittaker, Elizabeth
name: Carter, Rob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Document search flow chart.
Giant Dipole Resonance Width in near-Sn Nuclei at Low Temperature and High Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Srijit
name: Mukhopadhyay, S.
name: Pandit, Deepak
name: Pal, Surajit
name: De, A.
name: Bhattacharya, S.
name: Bhattacharya, C.
name: Banerjee, K.
name: Kundu, S.
name: Rana, T. K.
name: Dey, A.
name: Mukherjee, G.
name: Ghosh, T.
name: Gupta, D.
name: Banerjee, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy gamma-rays in coincidence with low energy yrast gamma-rays have been measured from 113Sb, at excitation energies of 109 and 122 MeV, formed by bombarding 20Ne on 93Nb at projectile energies of 145 and 160 MeV respectively to study the role of angular momentum (J) and temperature (T) over Giant Dipole Resonance (GDR) width. The maximum populated angular momenta for fusion were 67hbar and 73hbar respectively for the above-mentioned beam energies. The high energy photons were detected using a Large Area Modular BaF2 Detector Array (LAMBDA) along with a 24-element multiplicity filter. After pre-equilibrium corrections, the excitation energy E* was averaged over the decay steps of the compound nucleus (CN). The average values of temperature, angular momentum, CN mass etc. have been calculated by the statistical model code CASCADE. Using those average values, results show the systematic increase of GDR width with T which is consistent with Kusnezov parametrization and the Thermal Shape Fluctuation Model. The rise of GDR width with temperature also supports the assumptions of adiabatic coupling in the Thermal Shape Fluctuation Model. But the GDR widths and corresponding reduced plots with J are not consistent with the theoretical model at high spins.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, Submitted to Physics Review C
THE EFFECTS OF EXPORT AND FOOD CROP STRATEGIES ON FARM INCOME AND FOOD SELF-SUFFICIENCY IN EASTERN SENEGAL AND UPPER CASAMANCE: A LINEAR PROGRAMMING ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Kourouma, Aboubacar
name: Kourouma, Aboubacar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade

description: The purpose of this paper is to analyze some effects of export and food crop strategies on farm income and food self-sufficiency at the household level in the Eastern and upper Casamance regions of Senegal. The objectives of the government of Senegal include food self-sufficiency and export crop expansion through crop diversification. Over the last twenty years, extension programs have emphasized the introduction of cotton and maize. Although maize seems to have found its way easily in the existing farming system, the performance of cotton is less clear. After an initial rapid expansion, cotton acreage and production started to decline from the mid 70's. This raises questions about the lont-term suitability of cotton and emphasizes the need for additional research into what happens when new crops are introduced into the farming system, with possible implications for policy-making. Crop diversification as a strategy of development is dictated by the necessity to diversify national export earnings and reduce risk and uncertainty at the farm level. However, a policy which might appear sound at the macro level may be seen in a different light by the small farmer. There are two major questions about cash crops. First, are the returns in good years sufficient to offset the losses in bad years? Second even in good years, are the returns to cash crops high enough to enable the farmer to meet the food needs of his family? A personal observation is that the Senegalese small farmer asks himself these types of questions, particularly the second one. Whatever may be the tenor of the official crop diversification policy, priority is likely to be given to the food crops in his farming system. A central hypothesis of development theory is that farmers respond to prices and that farmers maximize income subject to certain constraints such as meeting family food needs. Therefore a policy of diversification which does not take into account farm level constraints, such as minimum food production, has little chance of success. In an agriculturally based economy, the macro and micro issues are so interrelated that it would be unwise to look at them separately. This paper undertakes a preliminary analysis of a particular crop diversification strategy - introduction of cotton - taking into account farm level constraints which might influence farmers' decision-making.
Scaling and memory of intraday volatility return intervals in stock market
Creators: name: Wang, Fengzhong
name: Yamasaki, Kazuko
name: Havlin, Shlomo
name: Stanley, H. Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the return interval $τ$ between price volatilities that are above a certain threshold $q$ for 31 intraday datasets, including the Standard & Poor's 500 index and the 30 stocks that form the Dow Jones Industrial index. For different threshold $q$, the probability density function $P_q(τ)$ scales with the mean interval $\barτ$ as $P_q(τ)={\barτ}^{-1}f(τ/\barτ)$, similar to that found in daily volatilities. Since the intraday records have significantly more data points compared to the daily records, we could probe for much higher thresholds $q$ and still obtain good statistics. We find that the scaling function $f(x)$ is consistent for all 31 intraday datasets in various time resolutions, and the function is well approximated by the stretched exponential, $f(x)\sim e^{-a x^γ}$, with $γ=0.38\pm 0.05$ and $a=3.9\pm 0.5$, which indicates the existence of correlations. We analyze the conditional probability distribution $P_q(τ|τ_0)$ for $τ$ following a certain interval $τ_0$, and find $P_q(τ|τ_0)$ depends on $τ_0$, which demonstrates memory in intraday return intervals. Also, we find that the mean conditional interval $$ increases with $τ_0$, consistent with the memory found for $P_q(τ|τ_0)$. Moreover, we find that return interval records have long term correlations with correlation exponents similar to that of volatility records.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures
Classical Casimir free energy for two Drude spheres of arbitrary radii: A plane-wave approach
Creators: name: Schoger, Tanja
name: Ingold, Gert-Ludwig
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an exact analytic expression for the high-temperature limit of the Casimir interaction between two Drude spheres of arbitrary radii. Specifically, we determine the Casimir free energy by using the scattering approach in the plane-wave basis. Within a round-trip expansion, we are led to consider the combinatorics of certain partitions of the round trips. The relation between the Casimir free energy and the capacitance matrix of two spheres is discussed. Previously known results for the special cases of a sphere-plane geometry as well as two spheres of equal radii are recovered. An asymptotic expansion for small distances between the two spheres is determined and analytical expressions for the coefficients are given.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures; includes changes after first review round
COMMODITY BONDS: A POTENTIAL RISK MANAGEMENT INSTRUMENT FOR CAPITAL CONSTRAINED COMMODITY PRODUCERS
Creators: name: Ball, Richard J.
name: Ball, Richard J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1988
Subjects: Risk and Uncertainty

description: The commodity-linked bond offers a potential means for producers of primary goods both to raise capital and to hedge against output price risk. Commodity bonds are distinguished from conventional bonds in that their return structure is denominated in quantities of the underlying commodity. Optimal levels of bond issues and commodity production are derived, first for producers whose only source of capital is the revenue raised by issuing bonds, and then for producers who can raise capital either by issuing bonds or by borrowing commercially. The models used are extensions of the standard models of futures market hedging. Relatively less risk averse producers are found to be unwilling to pay the premium for transferring the risk implicit in bond sales, and finance production exclusively through commercials loans. More risk averse producers, however, choose to issue bonds. For such producers, the possibility of issuing commodity bonds leads to levels of output and of producer welfare higher than if conventional loans are the sole source of financing available.
The importance of inelastic channels in eliminating continuum ambiguities in pion-nucleon partial wave analyses
Creators: name: Svarc, A.
name: Ceci, S.
name: Zauner, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single channel, single energy partial wave analyses (SE_PWA) are from the first principles non-unique in the inelastic region if only data from elastic channels are used, so we in details discuss mechanisms how the problem is eliminated in pion-nucleon scattering. The "continuum ambiguities" puzzle has been extensively discussed since early 1970es, and two major mechanisms for solving the problem have been suggested: either to ensure the continuity of Argand diagrams by imposing the T-matrix t-channel analyticity (Karlsruhe-Helsinki, VPI/GWU) or to restore the unitarity loss in the kinematical regime where the inelastic channels are successively opened by replacing the standard single channel PWA by the coupled channel formalism (CMB, Zagreb, Kent, Pittsburgh/ANL, Giessen). In both approaches the insufficiency of the single channel data is eliminated by introducing additional constraints using the data from other channels. The importance and physical meaning of the second approach is presented in details, and the significance of inelastic channels for the uniqueness of the partial wave analysis is discussed. The outline of the procedure for utilizing the coupled channel formalism to perform the search for the minimal number/full set of T-matrix poles in the complex energy plane, which connect the quark model predictions to experimental reality, is proposed. The appearance of new, additional resonances unneeded in the sole elastic channel is demonstrated.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures; Invited plenary talk held at NSTAR 2005 in Tallahassee, FL
Dark Energy and Right-Handed Neutrinos
Creators: name: Barbieri, Riccardo
name: Hall, Lawrence J.
name: Oliver, Steven J.
name: Strumia, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that a CP violating phase of the neutrino mass matrix is promoted to a pseudo-Goldstone-boson field and is identified as the quintessence field for Dark Energy. By requiring that the quintessence potential be calculable from a Lagrangian, and that the extreme flatness of the potential be stable under radiative corrections, we are led to an essentially unique model. Lepton number is violated only by Majorana masses of light, right-handed neutrinos, comparable to the Dirac masses that mix right- with left-handed neutrinos. We outline the rich and constrained neutrino phenomenology that results from this proposal.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Mechanistic insights of dissolution and mechanical breakdown of FeCO3 corrosion films
Creators: name: Matamoros-Veloza, Adriana
name: Barker, Richard
name: Vargas, Silvia
name: Neville, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To understand the behavior of corrosion films on X65 C-steel under CO2 conditions is paramount to identify the formation and transformations of corrosion products. This work presents the chemical changes and mechanical effects produced by pH and flow on corrosion films through the combination of molecular techniques with imaging. Siderite, wustite and magnetite were identified as corrosion products at neutral pH, which dissolved and mechanical damaged at low pH by a 1m/s brine flow with a crystal size reduction of ~80%. In contrast, at pH 7 and 1m/s flow facilitated the removal of entire crystals from the film.
IMPACT OF LATIN AMERICAN INTEGRATION ON THE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF COLOMBIA
Creators: name: Pelaez, Eduardo
name: Pelaez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: International Development

description: The industrialization process began in Latin America as a way to promote economic growth, and at the same time to save foreign exchange. Import substitution policies were adopted in almost every Latin American country. High tariffs and other import restrictions were adopted in order to protect the infant industries. Tax exemptions and other incentives were created in order to promote domestic and foreign investments. While the process of import substitution continued, there were increasing needs for the importation of intermediary and capital goods, Under these circumstances, the Latin American countries initiated programs of regional integration. In 1958 the Central American Isthmian countries, except Panama, created the Central American Common Market (CACM). In 1960 the Latin American Free Trade Association (LAFTA) was founded and involves all South American countries, plus Mexico. The purpose of this paper is to analysze the effects of LAFTA on the economic growth of Colombia, based on the main objectives of LAFTA.
Boer, John H.: Missionary Messengers of Liberation in a Colonial Context : a Case Study of the Sudan United Mission
Creators: name: Hermann, Gunther J.
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 31 Nr. 2 (1982): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 31, Heft 2
Sign Changes of Intrinsic Spin Hall Effect in Semiconductors and Simple Metals: First-Principles Calculations
Creators: name: Yao, Y.
name: Fang, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles calculations are applied to study spin Hall effect in semiconductors and simple metals. We found that intrinsic spin Hall conductivity (ISHC) in realistic materials shows rich sign changes, which may be used to distinguish the effect from the extrinsic one. The calculated ISHC in n-doped GaAs can be well compared with experiment, and it differs from the sign obtained from the extrinsic effect. On the other hand, the ISHC in W and Au, which shows opposite sign respectively, is robust and not sensitive to the disorder.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Coarse-grained quantum cellular automata
Creators: name: Duranthon, O.
name: Di Molfetta, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One can think of some physical evolutions as being the emergent-effective result of a microscopic discrete model. Inspired by classical coarse-graining procedures, we provide a simple procedure to coarse-grain color-blind quantum cellular automata that follow Goldilocks rules. The procedure consists in (i) space-time grouping the quantum cellular automaton (QCA) in cells of size $N$; (ii) projecting the states of a cell onto its borders, connecting them with the fine dynamics; (iii) describing the overall dynamics by the border states, that we call signals; and (iv) constructing the coarse-grained dynamics for different sizes $N$ of the cells. A byproduct of this simple toy-model is a general discrete analog of the Stokes law. Moreover we prove that in the spacetime limit, the automaton converges to a Dirac free Hamiltonian. The QCA we introduce here can be implemented by present-day quantum platforms, such as Rydberg arrays, trapped ions, and superconducting qbits. We hope our study can pave the way to a richer understanding of those systems with limited resolution.
SOME MARKETING CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE ANALYSIS OF OPPORTUNITIES TO EXPORT PROCESSED FOOD IN LATIN AMERICA
Creators: name: Torrealba M., J. Pablo
name: Torrealba M., J. Pablo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: One of the major obstacles to the development of most Latin American countries has been the concentration of exports in a few agricultural commodities which have had unstable prices in world markets. Furthermore prices for these agricultural products have been declining relative to the prices of the goods imported in this region. Consequently, there have been sharp fluctuations in the foreign exchange earnings and increasing difficulty in obtaining the imports needed to sustain satisfactory rates of economic development. Many countries facing this situation are making an effort to diversify their export bases. One of the possible means of attaining diversification is through the development of an export-oriented food processing industry or sector. This possibility seems promising, due to the absolute and comparative advantages found in the production of some agricultural commodities. The purpose of this paper is to point out that there are many barriers to the development of export markets for processed food besides the traditional issues of production costs, freight costs, and import restrictions. Many of these barriers have not been properly recognized by entrepreneurs and public officials. This may account for some of the past failures in attempts to expand or initiate such export activities. The objective of this paper is to draw attention to some marketing considerations which could be useful in guiding the research needed to detect these barriers, and thus serve as a base for private decision making and government policy formation.
Searching for CPT Violation with Cosmic Microwave Background Data from WMAP and BOOMERANG
Creators: name: Feng, Bo
name: Li, Mingzhe
name: Xia, Jun-Qing
name: Chen, Xuelei
name: Zhang, Xinmin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We search for signatures of Lorentz and $CPT$ violations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies by using the WMAP and the 2003 flight of BOOMERANG (B03) data. We note that if the Lorentz and $CPT$ symmetries are broken by a Chern-Simons term in the effective lagrangian, which couples the dual electromagnetic field strength tensor to an external four-vector, the polarization vectors of propagating CMB photons will get rotated. Using the WMAP data alone, one could put an interesting constraint on the size of such a term. Combined with the B03 data, we found that a nonzero rotation angle of the photons is mildly favored: $Δα= -6.0^{+4.0}_{-4.0}$ $^{+3.9}_{-3.7}$ deg (1, 2 $σ$).
description: Title slightly changed and references updated. Version pressed in PRL
FOOD-GRAIN MARKET EVALUATION IN NICARAGUA: THE RICE CASE
Creators: name: Navarro, Luis A.
name: Navarro, Luis A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1972
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Like most of the Latin American countries, Nicaragua bases its economy largely within the agricultural sector. Throughout history, the agricultural sector of Nicaragua has followed a tortuous path, which explains in part the pattern of a slow development process and the final relationship between GDP growth and the export activity. Long before Nicaragua's independence, maize, tobacco, sugar, and cacao represented the most important crops, in the production of which almost the entire rural population was engaged. The period between the independence from Spain in 1821 and 1857 was characterized by a political transition, in which Nicaragua left the Central American Federation and went into the struggle between the two existing political parties, Liberals and Conservatives, to define the new government. The economic problems here were of second order and no attention was paid to agriculture or any other economic activity. From the 1850's until 1893, Nicaragua was under a period of conservative rule, delaying the process of economic progress which was at work in neighboring countries.
Elicitation on the use of "goe" versus "koe"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for an elicitation on the distribution of "goe" vs. "koe", as well as the pro-form "aagena" and subject movement in embedded clauses. Corresponds to pages 1-8 in Notebook 3.
Additional file 3 of A cost–benefit analysis framework for preventive health interventions to aid decision-making in Australian governments
Creators: name: Ananthapavan, Jaithri
name: Moodie, Marj
name: Milat, Andrew
name: Veerman, Lennert
name: Whittaker, Elizabeth
name: Carter, Rob
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Data relevant to cost–benefit analyses extracted from government documents. Provides data relevant to cost–benefit analyses that were extracted from the 30 government documents that were reviewed but were not the main guidance document used to formulate the recommendations.
Counting D1-D5-P Microstates in Supergravity
Creators: name: Mayerson, Daniel R.
name: Shigemori, Masaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantize the D1-D5-P microstate geometries known as superstrata directly in supergravity. We use Rychkov's consistency condition [hep-th/0512053] which was derived for the D1-D5 system; for superstrata, this condition turns out to be strong enough to fix the symplectic form uniquely. For the $(1,0,n)$ superstrata, we further confirm this quantization by a bona-fide explicit computation of the symplectic form using the semi-classical covariant quantization method in supergravity. We use the resulting quantizations to count the known supergravity superstrata states, finding agreement with previous countings that the number of these states grows parametrically smaller than those of the corresponding black hole.
description: 18 pages + appendices; v2: minor edit and reference added
A STUDY OF THE SEASONAL PATTERNS IN THE ARGENTINE CATTLE MARKET
Creators: name: Girado, Luis Martin
name: Girado, Luis Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Argentina has a long tradition as a beef producer country. Cattle in particular, have played a major role in the traditional environment as a source of food, employment and savings. Many of the typical symbols of this country are found within an environment of ranches, cowboys, horses and cattle, called in Spanish: Estancias Gauchos, Caballos and Ganado. The cattle sector not only represents a source of food, employment and savings to many people in Argentina, but is also a social symbol which the Argentines are proud of and identify with. Cattle can be sold at the ranch or at any city market. The selling and buying operations are performed through open auctions. If the animal is sold for fattening, the price is set per head. When it is going to slaughter the animal or group of animals are weighed and sold per kilogram. From 10 to 25 percent of the production is exported, the rest is consumed mostly as fresh meat. Agricultural production represents approximately 13 percent of Argentina's gross national product and nearly 50 percent of the value of agricultural production comes from meat production. Complex interactions between supply and demand in a market cause prices to change constantly during the year. Seasonal patterns are also evident in the quantities supplied or demanded of a commodity. The measurement of these variations in quantities or prices have some complications, especially in the cattle subsector. The objectives of the paper are the following: 1) to do research on monthly prices of finished cattle to find out if a seasonal pattern exists for the following five categories of animals: calves, small steers, big steers, cows and heifers; 2) to do research on monthly quantities of slaughtered finished cattle to find out if a seasonal pattern exists for the same five categories; 3) to describe the patterns and present them in an easy and applicable way for decision making; 4) to provide an explanation for the nature of the seasonal patterns; 5) to estimate the variability of prices for each month in a risk analysis framework; and 6) to provide an idea of how the market works as a whole by combing all the seasonal patterns obtained for each category.
How efficient is towing a cargo by a micro-swimmer?
Creators: name: Raz, Oren
name: Leshansky, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of arbitrary micro-swimmers towing a passive load through a viscous liquid. The simple close-form expression for the dragging efficiency of a general micro-swimmer dragging a distant load is found, and the leading order approximation for finite mutual separation is derived. We show that, while swimmer can be arbitrarily efficient, dragging efficiency is always bounded from above. It is also demonstrated, that opposite to Purcell's assumption, the hydrodynamic coupling can ''help" the swimmer to drag the load. We support our conclusions by rigorous numerical calculations for the "necklace-shaped" swimmer, towing a spherical cargo positioned at a finite distance.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
title: Arbeitsheft zum Modul „Rohstoff Weintraube“.
Creators: name: Brämer, Stefan
name: König, Lisa
name: Schüßler, Philipp
name: Vieback, Linda
Publisher: name: Otto von Guericke University, Library, Magdeburg, Germany
Year: 2021

description: Das Modul „Rohstoff Weintraube“ behandelt den Anbau von Weintrauben und seine Bedingungen als Rohstoff der Wein-, und Sektproduktion. Ausgehend vom Anbau der Weintrauben werden ökologische, ökonomische und soziale Aspekte der Nachhaltigkeit betrachtet. Diese umfassen die Unterschiede von ökologischen und konventionellen Anbaumethoden, Arbeitsbedingungen im In- und Ausland und mögliche Zertifizierungen.
Additional file 1 of The spread of cholera in western Democratic Republic of the Congo is not unidirectional from East–West: a spatiotemporal analysis, 1973–2018
Creators: name: Kayembe, Harry César Ntumba
name: Linard, Catherine
name: Bompangue, Didier
name: Muwonga, Jérémie
name: Moutschen, Michel
name: Situakibanza, Hippolyte
name: Ozer, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed spatiotemporal clusters of cholera cases, western DRC, week 45, 2012—week 42, 2013.
Triple helix vs. skyrmion lattice in two-dimensional non-centrosymmetric magnets
Creators: name: Timofeev, V. E.
name: Sorokin, A. O.
name: Aristov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is commonly assumed that a lattice of skyrmions, emerging in two-dimensional non-centrosymmetric magnets in external magnetic fields, can be represented as a sum of three magnetic helices. In order to test this assumption we compare two approaches to a description of regular skyrmion structure. We construct (i) a lattice of Belavin-Polyakov-like skyrmions within the stereographic projection method, and (ii) a deformed triple helix defined with the use of elliptic functions. The estimates for the energy density and magnetic profiles show that these two ansatzes are nearly identical at zero temperature for intermediate magnetic fields. However at higher magnetic fields, near the transition to topologically trivial uniform phase, the stereographic projection method is preferable, particularly, for the description of disordered skyrmion liquid phase. We suggest to explore the intensities of the secondary Bragg peaks to obtain the additional information about the magnetic profile of individual skyrmions. We estimate these intensities to be several percents of the main Bragg peak at high magnetic fields.
Quantum bit string sealing
Creators: name: He, Guang-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Though it was proven that secure quantum sealing of a single classical bit is impossible in principle, here we propose an unconditionally secure quantum sealing protocol which seals a classical bit string. Any reader can obtain each bit of the sealed string with an arbitrarily small error rate, while reading the string is detectable. The protocol is simple and easy to be implemented. The possibility of using this protocol to seal a single bit in practical is also discussed.
description: Add a discussion on the possibility of sealing a single bit in practical
$B \to K^* \ell^+\ell^-$ in soft-collinear effective theory
Creators: name: Ali, A.
name: Kramer, G.
name: Zhu, Guohuai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the rare B decay $B \to K^* \ell^+ \ell^-$ using soft-collinear effective theory (SCET). At leading power in $1/m_b$, a factorization formula is obtained valid to all orders in $α_s$. For phenomenological application, we calculate the decay amplitude including order $α_s$ corrections, and resum the logarithms by evolving the matching coefficients from the hard scale ${\cal O}(m_b)$ down to the scale $\sqrt{m_b Λ_h}$. The branching ratio for $B \to K^* \ell^+ \ell^-$ is uncertain due to the imprecise knowledge of the soft form factors $ζ_\perp (q^2)$ and $ζ_\parallel (q^2)$. Constraining the soft form factor $ζ_\perp (q^2=0)$ from data on $B \to K^* γ$ yields $ζ_\perp (q^2=0)=0.32 \pm 0.02$. Using this input, together with the light-cone sum rules to determine the $q^2$dependence of $ζ_\perp (q^2)$ and the other soft form factor $ζ_\parallel (q^2)$, we eastimate the partially integrated branching ratio in the range $1~{GeV}^2 \le q^2 \le 7~{GeV}^2$ to be $(2.92^{+0.67}_{-0.61}) \times 10^{-7}$. We discuss how to reduce the form factor related uncertainty by combining data on $B \to ρ(\to ππ) \ell ν_\ell$ and $B\to K^* (\to Kπ) \ell^+\ell^-$. The forward-backward asymmetry is less sensitive to the input parameters. In particular, for the zero-point of the forward backward asymmetry in the standard model, we get $q_0^2=(4.07^{+0.13}_{-0.12})~{GeV}^2$. The scale dependence of $q_0^2$ is discussed in detail.
description: 34 pages, 7 figures; typos corrected, several references added, and discussion of the scale dependence of the forward-backward asymmetry zero-point enlarged
Measuring Parity Violation in the Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background with the LISA-Taiji network
Creators: name: Orlando, Giorgio
name: Pieroni, Mauro
name: Ricciardone, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parity violation is a powerful observable to distinguish a cosmological background of Gravitational Waves (GWs) from an astrophysical one. Planar single GW interferometers, both on ground and in space, are unable to measure the net circular polarization of an isotropic Stochastic Gravitational Wave Background (SGWB). In this paper, we explore the possibility of detecting circular polarization of an isotropic SGWB by cross-correlating two space-based detectors planned to be launched around 2034: LISA and Taiji. We compute the response of such a network to chirality and we perform a Fisher forecast analysis on the $I$ and $V$ Stokes parameters for the SGWB. We find that a clear measurement of chirality can be claimed for a maximally chiral signal with $h^2 \, Ω_{\rm GW} \simeq 10^{-12}$.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures
Implementation of continuous variable quantum cryptography in optical fibres using a go-&-return configuration
Creators: name: Legre, Matthieu
name: Zbinden, Hugo
name: Gisin, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate an implementation of quantum key distribution with continuous variables based on a go-&-return configuration over distances up to 14km. This configuration leads to self-compensation of polarisation and phase fluctuations. We observe a high degree of stability of our set-up over many hours.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
BEHAVIORAL ECONOMICS OF INDUSTRIAL WASTE REDUCTION
Creators: name: Luttrell, Melissa
name: Luttrell, Melissa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Industrial waste reduction provides an opportunity to improve environmental quality while reducing industrial costs. Significant evidence exists that firms can realize economic benefits while practicing waste reduction techniques, yet opportunities are being missed by firms due to internal conflict and entropy. By studying the behavior of individuals within firms, firms and government agencies are more likely to affect a change toward increased waste reduction. Traditional microeconomic theory asserts that costs are minimized by firms. Yet as much evidence as there exists that waste reduction is cost effective, large scale waste reduction has not occurred within the private sector. Firms do not maximize profits and minimize costs because of intrafirm activities that affect the firm's performance relative to its potential. The relationship between various individuals and decision makers within the firm lead to non-maximizing behaviors because various sub-objectives of the firm's members may be inconsistent. This paper formulates a number of hypotheses to explain why firms do not practice all of the profitable waste reduction alternatives available to them and describes how public policy may encourage firms to place waste reduction on their agendas.
Bivariate $t$-distribution for transition matrix elements in Breit-Wigner to Gaussian domains of interacting particle systems
Creators: name: Kota, V. K. B.
name: Chavda, N. D.
name: Sahu, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting many-particle systems with a mean-field one body part plus a chaos generating random two-body interaction having strength $λ$, exhibit Poisson to GOE and Breit-Wigner (BW) to Gaussian transitions in level fluctuations and strength functions with transition points marked by $λ=λ_c$ and $λ=λ_F$, respectively; $λ_F >> λ_c$. For these systems theory for matrix elements of one-body transition operators is available, as valid in the Gaussian domain, with $λ> λ_F$, in terms of orbitals occupation numbers, level densities and an integral involving a bivariate Gaussian in the initial and final energies. Here we show that, using bivariate $t$-distribution, the theory extends below from the Gaussian regime to the BW regime up to $λ=λ_c$. This is well tested in numerical calculations for six spinless fermions in twelve single particle states.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
ECONOMIC ASPECTS OF THE POTATO ENTERPRISE WITH PARTICULAR REFERENCE TO COSTS
Creators: name: Kearney, Brendan
name: Kearney, Brendan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1966
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Although potatoes are grown in most countries of the world, the pattern of production is largely concentrated in Europe where almost three-quarters of the world's acreage is grown. The Americas account for somewhat over 7 percent of total acreage of which over one-half is grown in the southern continent. In terms of production, this concentration is even more marked with 86 percent of the total coming from the aforementioned areas. Thus it is noted that it is in European countries and those areas of the world largely populated by the descendants of Europeans that the potato finds favor despite the fact that it originated in Peru and was first used by peoples of Asiatic origin as an item in their diet. The purpose of this paper is to examine and review the pattern of production and consumption of the potato industry in the United States. Regional specialization in production has taken place to a significant degree and some attention is devoted to the underlying causes of this trend.
Divergent Time Scales in a Coupled Ecological-Economic Model of Regional Growth
Creators: name: Chen, Yong
name: Jayaprakash, Ciriyam
name: Irwin, Elena G.
name: Chen, Yong
name: Jayaprakash, Ciriyam
name: Irwin, Elena G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: This paper establishes a coupled human-ecological model where slow-varying migration is interacting with fast-varying nutrient dynamics in lake ecology. The nonlinearity and fast-slow dynamics built in the model can generate regime shifts (that is, shifts between different equilibrium states) and slowly-reversible ecological changes. Because ecological conditions do affect and are affected by uncoordinated individual decisions on migration and land-use, the policy challenge does not only lie in the optimal use of ecological service but also in the provision of the right incentives that regulates individual behavior. The possibility of regime shifts and slowly-reversible changes in this coupled model makes policy analysis more interesting and technically challenging. Within this framework, this paper shows that specification of relative time scale between the fast and slow dynamic processes is crucial for the analysis of the system dynamics with/without policy intervention. The calculated solutions show that specification of relative time scale can significantly change the cost, magnitude and length of active intervention in optimal policy. This paper shows that optimal policy (even when resilience does not enter into optimization problem) will always increase the resilience of the desirable equilibrium in the coupled system. The extent of this improvement in resilience depends crucially on the relative time scale. It also shows that simplifying assumptions on the relative time scale can lead to incorrect predictions for both the short-and long-run dynamics.
Follow-up elicitation on "aagena"
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for a follow-up elicitation on the pro-form "aagena". Corresponds to pages 226-236 in Notebook 2.
Additional file 2 of The spread of cholera in western Democratic Republic of the Congo is not unidirectional from East–West: a spatiotemporal analysis, 1973–2018
Creators: name: Kayembe, Harry César Ntumba
name: Linard, Catherine
name: Bompangue, Didier
name: Muwonga, Jérémie
name: Moutschen, Michel
name: Situakibanza, Hippolyte
name: Ozer, Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Detailed spatiotemporal clusters of cholera cases, western DRC, week 40, 2017—week 52, 2018.
การลดช่องว่างระหว่างรัฐกับประชาชนด้วยการใช้รัฐอิเล็กทรอนิกส์
Creators: name: กฤษณ์ รักชาติเจริญ
Publisher: name: สถาบันการจัดการปัญญาภิวัฒน์
Year: 2558
Subjects: รัฐอิเล็กทรอนิกส์, เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ, รัฐกับประชาชน

description: 3, 7, วารสารปัญญาภิวัฒน์
Winds, B-Fields, and Magnetotails of Pulsars
Creators: name: Romanova, M. M.
name: Chulsky, G. A.
name: Lovelace, R. V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the emission of rotating magnetized neutron stars due to the acceleration and radiation of particles in the relativistic wind and in the magnetotail of the star. We consider that the charged particles are accelerated by driven collisionless reconnection. Outside of the light cylinder, the star's rotation acts to wind up the magnetic field to form a predominantly azimuthal, slowly decreasing with distance, magnetic field of opposite polarity on either side of the equatorial plane normal to the star's rotation axis. The magnetic field annihilates across the equatorial plane with the magnetic energy going to accelerate the charged particles to relativistic energies. For a typical supersonically moving pulsar, the star's wind extends outward to the standoff distance with the interstellar medium. At larger distances, the power output of pulsar's wind $\dot{E}_w$ of electromagnetic field and relativistic particles is {\it redirected and collimated into the magnetotail} of the star. In the magnetotail it is proposed that equipartition is reached between the magnetic energy and the relativistic particle energy. For such conditions, synchrotron radiation from the magnetotails may be a significant fraction of $\dot{E}_w$ for high velocity pulsars. An equation is derived for the radius of the magnetotail $r_m(z^\prime)$ as a function of distance $z^\prime$ from the star. For large distances $z^\prime$, of the order of the distance travelled by the star, we argue that the magnetotail has a `trumpet' shape owing to the slowing down of the magnetotail flow.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Bath-induced spin inertia
Creators: name: Quarenta, Mario Gaspar
name: Tharmalingam, Mithuss
name: Ludwig, Tim
name: Yuan, H. Y.
name: Karwacki, Lukasz
name: Verstraten, Robin C.
name: Duine, Rembert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin dynamics is usually described as massless or, more precisely, as free of inertia. Recent experiments, however, found direct evidence for inertial spin dynamics. In turn, it is necessary to rethink the basics of spin dynamics. Focusing on a macrospin in an environment (bath), we show that the spin-to-bath coupling gives rise to spin inertia. This bath-induced spin inertia appears universally from all the high-frequency bath modes. We expect our results to provide new insights into recent experiments on spin inertia. Moreover, they indicate that any channel for spin dissipation should also be accompanied by a term accounting for bath-induced spin inertia. As an illustrative example, we consider phonon-bath-induced spin inertia in a YIG/GGG stack.
description: 6 + 4 pages, 1 figure