cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Necessary and sufficient conditions for local manipulation of multipartite pure quantum states
Creators: name: Gour, Gilad
name: Wallach, Nolan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppose several parties jointly possess a pure multipartite state, |ψ>. Using local operations on their respective systems and classical communication (i.e. LOCC) it may be possible for the parties to transform deterministically |ψ> into another joint state |ϕ>. In the bipartite case, Nielsen majorization theorem gives the necessary and sufficient conditions for this process of entanglement transformation to be possible. In the multipartite case, such a deterministic local transformation is possible only if both the states in the same stochastic LOCC (SLOCC) class. Here we generalize Nielsen majorization theorem to the multipartite case, and find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a local separable transformation between two multipartite states in the same SLOCC class. When such a deterministic conversion is not possible, we find an expression for the maximum probability to convert one state to another by local separable operations. In addition, we find necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a separable transformation that converts a multipartite pure state into one of a set of possible final states all in the same SLOCC class. Our results are expressed in terms of (1) the stabilizer group of the state representing the SLOCC orbit, and (2) the associate density matrices (ADMs) of the two multipartite states. The ADMs play a similar role to that of the reduced density matrices, when considering local transformations that involves pure bipartite states. We show in particular that the requirement that one ADM majorize another is a necessary condition but in general far from being also sufficient as it happens in the bipartite case.
description: Published version. Abstract and introduction revised significantly
Designing Effective Farm Environment Plans
Creators: name: McAleer, Annabel
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3002
subject: Agriculture, land and farm management

description: We have prepared a guidance document for people who need to design effective FEPs, FEP templates and processes. It proses a four-step approach and makes 7 key recommendations. The focus of this guidance is freshwater, in line with Our Land and Water's objective. Guidance prepared by Our Land and Water (Toitū te Whenua, Toiora te Wai) National Science Challenge, New Zealand
This guidance includes:
Considerations When Designing Farm Environment Plans
Recommendations for Effective Farm Environment Plans
Connecting Farm Plans to Improve Waterways
What is Required to Implement These Recommendations in New Zealand?
Key Publications
Curvature estimates for the level set of spatial quasiconcave solutions to a class of parabolic equations
Creators: name: Chen, Chuanqiang
name: Shi, Shujun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 45B99, 35K10

description: We prove a constant rank theorem for the second fundamental form of the spatial convex level surfaces of solutions to equations $u_t=F(\n^2u, \n u, u, t)$ under a structural condition, and give a geometric lower bound of the principal curvature of the spatial level surfaces.
description: 22 pages
Scattering theory of current-induced forces in mesoscopic systems
Creators: name: Bode, Niels
name: Kusminskiy, Silvia Viola
name: Egger, Reinhold
name: von Oppen, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a scattering theory of current-induced forces exerted by the conduction electrons of a general mesoscopic conductor on slow "mechanical" degrees of freedom. Our theory describes the current-induced forces both in and out of equilibrium in terms of the scattering matrix of the phase-coherent conductor. Under general nonequilibrium conditions, the resulting mechanical Langevin dynamics is subject to both non-conservative and velocity-dependent Lorentz-like forces, in addition to (possibly negative) friction. We illustrate our results with a two-mode model inspired by hydrogen molecules in a break junction which exhibits limit-cycle dynamics of the mechanical modes.
description: 4+ pages, 1 figure; v2: minor modifications
The discrete contribution to $ψ^{\prime}\to J/ψ+γγ$
Creators: name: He, Zhi-Guo
name: Lu, Xiao-Rui
name: Soto, Joan
name: Zheng, Yangheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The decay mode $ψ(2S)\to J/ψ+γγ$ is proposed in order to experimentally identify the effects of the coupling of charmonium states to the continuum $D\bar D$ states. To have a better understanding of such a two-photon decay process, in this work we restrict ourselves to investigate the contribution of the discrete part, in which the photons are mainly produced via the intermediate states $χ_{cJ}(nP)$. Besides calculating the resonance contributions of $χ_{cJ}(1P)\; (J=0,1,2)$, we also take into account the contributions of the higher excited states $χ_{cJ}(2P)$ and the interference effect among the 1P and 2P states. We find that the contribution of the 2P states and the interference terms to the total decay width is very tiny. However, for specific regions of the Dalitz plot, off the resonance peaks, we find that these contributions are sizable and should also be accounted for. We also provide the photon spectrum and study the polarization of $J/ψ$.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, minor changes, references added, accepted version in PRD
Efimov Physics in Atom-Dimer Scattering of Lithium-6 Atoms
Creators: name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Kang, Daekyoung
name: Platter, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lithium-6 atoms in the three lowest hyperfine states display universal properties when the S-wave scattering length between each pair of states is large. Recent experiments reported four pronounced features arising from Efimov physics in the atom-dimer relaxation rate, namely two resonances and two local minima. We use the universal effective field theory to calculate the atom-dimer relaxation rate at zero temperature. Our results describe the four features qualitatively and imply there is a hidden local minimum. In the vicinity of the resonance at 685 G, we perform a finite temperature calculation which improves the agreement of theory and experiment. We conclude that finite temperature effects cannot be neglected in the analysis of the experimental data.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, final version
Interplay between interaction and chiral anomaly in the holographic approach
Creators: name: Kim, Ki-Seok
name: Tsukioka, Takuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly coupled conformal field theory appears to describe universal scaling around quantum criticality, where critical exponents reflect the nature of emergent excitations. In particular, novel symmetries can emerge from strong interactions, expected to be responsible for quantum number fractionalization. The underlying mechanism has been proposed that an emergent enhanced symmetry allows a topological term associated with anomaly, which assigns a fermion's quantum number to a topological excitation, referred as the Goldstone-Wilczek current. Although this mechanism has been verified in one dimensional interacting electrons, where either spinons or holons are identified with topological solitons, its generalization to higher dimensions is beyond the field theoretic framework in the respect that interplay between interaction and anomaly cannot be taken into account sincerely within the field theory technique above one dimension. In this study we examine the interplay between correlations and topological terms based on the holographic approach, allowing us to incorporate such nonperturbative quantum effects via solving classical equations of motion but on a curved space. We solve the Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory on the Reissner-Nordström-AdS$_5$ in the extremal limit, and uncover novel critical exponents to appear in the current-current correlation functions, where both the emergent locality and the Chern-Simons term play an important role in such critical exponents. We speculate that the corresponding conformal field theory may result from interacting U(1) currents with chiral anomaly at finite density, expected to be applicable to topological insulators with strong interactions, where dyon-type excitations appear to carry nontrivial fermion's quantum numbers.
Gestion responsable à l'ère du numérique et face aux défis mondiaux: Crise de leaders ou leaders de crise ?
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Year: 2025
Subjects: Actes de congrès
Gestion globale responsable
Leadership
Crise
Défis mondiaux

description: Cette publication rassemble les contributions présentées lors du congrès de Dakhla 2024, intitulé « Gestion responsable à l’ère du numérique et face aux défis mondiaux : crises de leaders ou leaders de crise ? ». Organisé dans un contexte de transformation accélérée – entre crises sanitaires, tensions géopolitiques et transition numérique – ce congrès a interrogé le rôle du leadership dans un monde en mutation. Il a mis en lumière l’importance d’un management agile, éthique, inclusif et durable, capable de répondre à des enjeux dépassant les seules logiques économiques. Les articles réunis dans cet ouvrage explorent ces questions à travers différents prismes : théorique, pratique et prospectif. Ils s’intéressent aux compétences clés pour les décideurs d’aujourd’hui, à l’impact du numérique et de l’intelligence artificielle sur les modes de gouvernance, ainsi qu’à la responsabilité sociale des organisations et des territoires. Réunissant chercheurs, praticiens et décideurs de divers horizons, le congrès a favorisé un dialogue interdisciplinaire riche, donnant naissance à des pistes d’action concrètes pour penser un leadership adapté aux défis contemporains.
Theoretical Analysis of Synchronous Machines with Displaced Reluctance Axis
Creators: name: Winzer, Patrick
name: Doppelbauer, Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Field weakening
synchronous machine
permanent magnet machines
variable speed drive
two-part rotor
displacement
electric traction
motor design

description: This paper examines synchronous machines, whose excitation axis and reluctance axis can have an arbitrary angle. Basic equations for this machine type are set up and control strategies for maximum torque are derived. By using a normalized representation, it will be shown that machines with displacement angles of about 60° need up to 10% less permanent magnet material than conventional machines while yielding comparable motor performance.
LHC phenomenology of a two-Higgs-doublet neutrino mass model
Creators: name: Davidson, Shainen M.
name: Logan, Heather E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the LHC search prospects for a model in which the neutrinos obtain Dirac masses from couplings to a second Higgs doublet with tiny vacuum expectation value. The model contains a charged Higgs boson that decays to l nu with branching fractions controlled by the neutrino masses and mixing angles as measured in neutrino oscillation experiments. The most promising signal is electroweak production of H+ H- pairs with decays to l l' pTmiss, where l l' = e+ e-, mu+ mu-, and e+- mu-+. We find that a cut on the kinematic variable M_{T2} eliminates most of the t t and W-pair background. Depending on the neutrino mass spectrum and mixing angles, a 100 (300) GeV charged Higgs could be discovered at the LHC with as little as 8 (24) fb-1 of integrated luminosity at 14 TeV pp center-of-mass energy.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures. V2: reference added, submitted to PRD. V3: minor improvements to text; version to appear in PRD
Assessment of air quality in Northern China by using the COSMO-ART model in conjunction with satellite and ground-based data
Creators: name: Schrader, Stefanie Ines
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Aerosol
Luftqualität
Model
Satellitendaten

description: Luftverschmutzung durch Aerosole ist eines der größten Umweltprobleme in der chinesischen Hauptstadt Peking. Insbesondere Mineralstaub, welcher oft aus den weitläufigen asiatischen Trockengebieten in das Stadtgebiet eingetragen wird, führt zu einer drastischen Verschlechterung der Luftqualität. Diese Arbeit ist eine detaillierte Studie über die raumzeitliche Dynamik dieses eingetragenen Mineralstaubs sowie dessen physikalische Interaktion mit lokal produzierten anthropogenen Partikeln.
Contextual Person Identification in Multimedia Data
Creators: name: Bäuml, Martin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: We propose methods to improve automatic person identification, regardless of the visibility of a face, by integration of multiple cues including multiple modalities and contextual information. We propose a joint learning approach using contextual information from videos to improve learned face models. Further, we integrate additional modalities in a global fusion framework. We evaluate our approaches on a novel TV series data set, consisting of over 100 000 annotated faces.
Perturbations of near-horizon geometries and instabilities of Myers-Perry black holes
Creators: name: Durkee, Mark
name: Reall, Harvey S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the equations governing linearized gravitational (or electromagnetic) perturbations of the near-horizon geometry of any known extreme vacuum black hole (allowing for a cosmological constant) can be Kaluza-Klein reduced to give the equation of motion of a charged scalar field in AdS_2 with an electric field. One can define an effective Breitenlohner-Freedman bound for such a field. We conjecture that if a perturbation preserves certain symmetries then a violation of this bound should imply an instability of the full black hole solution. Evidence in favour of this conjecture is provided by the extreme Kerr solution and extreme cohomogeneity-1 Myers-Perry solution. In the latter case, we predict an instability in seven or more dimensions and, in 5d, we present results for operator conformal weights assuming the existence of a CFT dual. We sketch a proof of our conjecture for scalar field perturbations.
description: 24 pages (+ 16 pages appendices), 2 figures. v2: Corrected error in CFT operator dimensions (they are all integers). v3: Various improvements and corrections, in particular for electromagnetic perturbations. Accepted by Physical Review D
Charge redistribution at the antiferromagnetic phase transition in SrFeAsF compound
Creators: name: Li, Zhiwei
name: Fang, Yang
name: Ma, Xiaoming
name: Pang, Hua
name: Li, Fashen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relationship between spin, electron, and crystal structure has been one of the foremost issues in understanding the superconducting mechanism since the discovery of iron-based high temperature superconductors. Here, we report Mössbauer and first-principles calculations studies of the parent compound SrFeAsF with the largest temperature gap ($\sim$50\,K) between the structural and antiferromagnetic (AFM) transitions. Our results reveal that the structural transition has little effect on the electronic structure of the compound SrFeAsF while the development of the AFM order induces a redistribution of the charges near the Fermi level.
description: 6 Pages, 7 Figures
Horst Mahler. Biographische Studie zu Antisemitismus, Antiamerikanismus und Versuchen deutscher Schuldabwehr
Creators: name: Fischer, Michael
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: Horst Mahler war zweifelsohne einer der wichtigsten Protagonisten der Protestbewegung der 1960er Jahre: Er war Mitglied der SPD und des SDS, Co-Initiator des Republikanischen Clubs, "APO-Anwalt" und Mitbegründer der RAF, später Mitglied der KPD/AO. Nach einem längeren Gefängnisaufenthalt und politisch ruhigen Zeiten in den 1980er Jahren trat er in den späten 1990er und 2000er Jahren als Neo-Nationalsozialist und Holocaustleugner auf.
Constrained Supersymmetric Flipped SU(5) GUT Phenomenology
Creators: name: Ellis, John
name: Mustafayev, Azar
name: Olive, Keith A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the phenomenology of the minimal supersymmetric flipped SU(5) GUT model (CFSU(5)), whose soft supersymmetry-breaking (SSB) mass parameters are constrained to be universal at some input scale, $M_{in}$, above the GUT scale, $M_{GUT}$. We analyze the parameter space of CFSU(5) assuming that the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) provides the cosmological cold dark matter, paying careful attention to the matching of parameters at the GUT scale. We first display some specific examples of the evolutions of the SSB parameters that exhibit some generic features. Specifically, we note that the relationship between the masses of the lightest neutralino and the lighter stau is sensitive to $M_{in}$, as is the relationship between the neutralino mass and the masses of the heavier Higgs bosons. For these reasons, prominent features in generic $(m_{1/2}, m_0)$ planes such as coannihilation strips and rapid-annihilation funnels are also sensitive to $M_{in}$, as we illustrate for several cases with tan(beta)=10 and 55. However, these features do not necessarily disappear at large $M_{in}$, unlike the case in the minimal conventional SU(5) GUT. Our results are relatively insensitive to neutrino masses.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures; (v2) added explanations and corrected typos, version to appear in EPJC
Entwicklung einer FEM-basierten Methode zur fertigungsorientierten Sickenmustergestaltung für biegebeanspruchte Tragstrukturen = Development of a FEM-based method for the design of production-oriented bead patterns for bending loaded support structures
Creators: name: Majic, Neven
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Sickenoptimierung
Sicke
Sickenmuster
Umformsimulation
FEM
Fertigung

description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird eine neue rechnergestützte Methode der virtuellen Produktentwicklung zur fertigungsorientierten Sickengestaltung von dünnwandigen Bauteilen vorgestellt. Dabei wurde eine Sickenoptimierung mit einer inversen Umformsimulation gekoppelt. Zusätzlich wurden neue Funktionalitäten entwickelt, um Sickenverlauf und -querschnitte zu steuern.
Linearization effect in multifractal analysis: Insights from the Random Energy Model
Creators: name: Angeletti, Florian
name: Mézard, Marc
name: Bertin, Eric
name: Abry, Patrice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The analysis of the linearization effect in multifractal analysis, and hence of the estimation of moments for multifractal processes, is revisited borrowing concepts from the statistical physics of disordered systems, notably from the analysis of the so-called Random Energy Model. Considering a standard multifractal process (compound Poisson motion), chosen as a simple representative example, we show: i) the existence of a critical order $q^*$ beyond which moments, though finite, cannot be estimated through empirical averages, irrespective of the sample size of the observation; ii) that multifractal exponents necessarily behave linearly in $q$, for $q > q^*$. Tayloring the analysis conducted for the Random Energy Model to that of Compound Poisson motion, we provide explicative and quantitative predictions for the values of $q^*$ and for the slope controlling the linear behavior of the multifractal exponents. These quantities are shown to be related only to the definition of the multifractal process and not to depend on the sample size of the observation. Monte-Carlo simulations, conducted over a large number of large sample size realizations of compound Poisson motion, comfort and extend these analyses.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, final version, to appear in Physica D
Modellbasierte Verbrennungsregelung und Emissionspotential eines homogenen Tieftemperatur-Zweistoffbrennverfahrens in einem Mehrzylindermotor
Creators: name: Bach, Florian
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Zweistoffbetrieb
Verbrennungsregelung
zylinderdruckbasiert
homogenes Tieftemperatur-Brennverfahren
modelbasierte Applikation

description: Die Arbeit beschreibt die Umsetzung eines neuen Ansatzes zur Steuerung homogenen Tieftemperatur-Zweistoffbrennverfahrens in einem Mehrzylindermotor. Dabei werden zwei flüssige Kraftstoffe mit unterschiedlicher Zündwilligkeit erst im Brennraum miteinander gemischt. Des Weiteren wurde zur Kontrolle der Wärmefreisetzung eine zylinderdruckbasierte Verbrennungsregelung kombiniert mit einer modellbasierte Vorsteuerung des Verbrennungsschwerpunktes entwickelt.
Memorandum from John M. Russell to Frederick P. Keppel, May 12, 1939
Creators: name: Russell, John M., 1903-1986
name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Notes from meeting of John M. Russell and Gunnar Myrdal at Columbia.
Target Value Criterion in Markov Decision Processes
Creators: name: Moritz, Lars Norman
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Markov Decision Processes
Risk Sensitive Optimization
Target Value Criterion

description: We apply the Target Value Criterion to an MDP with a random planning horizon, derive an optimality equation and prove the existence of an optimal stationary policy in a generalized state space. The structure of the value function is exploited to approximate the target space by a finite subset and to derive upper and lower bounds as well as nearly optimal policies. As an extension we combine the Total Reward Criterion and the Target Value Criterion in a penalty approach.
Evidence for a Massive Neutron Star from a Radial-Velocity Study of the Companion to the Black Widow Pulsar PSR B1957+20
Creators: name: van Kerkwijk, M. H.
name: Breton, R.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most massive neutron stars constrain the behavior of ultra-dense matter, with larger masses possible only for increasingly stiff equations of state. Here, we present evidence that the black widow pulsar, PSR B1957+20, has a high mass. We took spectra of its strongly irradiated companion and found an observed radial-velocity amplitude of K_obs=324+/-3 km/s. Correcting this for the fact that, due to the irradiation, the center of light lies inward relative to the center of mass, we infer a true radial-velocity amplitude of K_2=353+/-4 km/s and a mass ratio q=M_PSR/M_2=69.2+/-0.8. Combined with the inclination i=65+/-2 deg inferred from models of the lightcurve, our best-fit pulsar mass is M_PSR=2.40+/-0.12 M_sun. We discuss possible systematic uncertainties, in particular in the lightcurve modeling. Taking an upper limit of i<85 deg based on the absence of radio eclipses at high frequency, combined with a conservative lower-limit to the motion of the center of mass, K_2>343 km/s (q>67.3), we infer a lower limit to the pulsar mass of M_PSR>1.66 M_sun.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ; revision includes more detail on the spectral classification and discussion of other recent high neutron-star masses
Characterizing the experience of accessing medical care for children with rare and undiagnosed complex conditions
Creators: name: Dewan, Tammie Joanne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: There is increasing awareness of rare disease as a distinct entity. Advances in diagnostic testing have identified over 7000 individual rare diseases affecting millions of patients worldwide, many of them children due to the frequent genetic etiology of these conditions. A medical system that is often based on disease-specific expertise and treatment must adapt to meet the needs of those with rare conditions. However, there is little known about the unique experiences of parents of children with very rare or undiagnosed diseases in accessing medical care. An in-depth look into their circumstances will identify areas for improvement and improve the family experience of care. The objectives of this study were to analyze this parent experience particularly regarding their relationships and communication with physicians. In addition, the parent perspectives regarding the connections between themselves and health care providers, as well as between health care providers, will be explored. Participants were recruited through the TIDE-BC (Treatable Intellectual Disability Endeavor of British Columbia) Complex Diagnostic Clinic, as parents of children with: (1) “Complex intellectual disability,” defined as undiagnosed intellectual disability with other prominent features; and (2) Ongoing care from at least three health professionals. Semi-structured interviews with parents explored a number of topics including: their experience of their child’s illness and its impact on the family, accessing necessary medical care for their child, developing their own expertise and relating to physicians. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using discourse analysis methodology. Themes identified included the pervasive and multi-faceted nature of uncertainty and its contribution to changes in roles for parents, physicians and peers. A key gap identified was a lack of coordination of care and lost opportunity for collaboration amongst professionals and with the family. Addressing these unique experiences and moving towards non-categorical design of health care service models will better serve the needs of children with rare and undiagnosed conditions.
Coupled-channels calculations of nonelastic cross sections using a density-functional structure model
Creators: name: Nobre, G. P. A.
name: Dietrich, F. S.
name: Escher, J. E.
name: Thompson, I. J.
name: Dupuis, M.
name: Terasaki, J.
name: Engel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A microscopic calculation of the reaction cross-section for nucleon-nucleus scattering has been performed by explicitly coupling the elastic channel to all particle-hole (p-h) excitation states in the target and to all one-nucleon pickup channels. The p-h states may be regarded as doorway states through which the flux flows to more complicated configurations, and subsequently to long-lived compound nucleus resonances. Target excitations for 40,48Ca, 58Ni, 90Zr and 144Sm were described in a QRPA framework using a Skyrme functional. Reaction cross sections calculated in this approach were compared to predictions of a fitted optical potential and to experimental data, reaching very good agreement. Couplings between inelastic states were found to be negligible, while the couplings to pickup channels contribute significantly. For the first time observed reaction cross-sections are completely accounted for by explicit channel coupling, for incident energies between 10 and 40 MeV.
description: Accepted for publication on Physical Review Letters. Article is expected to be published in the November 12, 2010 issue. 4 pages, 4 figures
Selective linear or quadratic optomechanical coupling via measurement
Creators: name: Vanner, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to engineer both linear and non-linear coupling with a mechanical resonator is an important goal for the preparation and investigation of macroscopic mechanical quantum behavior. In this work, a measurement based scheme is presented where linear or square mechanical displacement coupling can be achieved using the optomechanical interaction linearly proportional to the mechanical position. The resulting square displacement measurement strength is compared to that attainable in the dispersive case using the direct interaction to the mechanical displacement squared. An experimental protocol and parameter set are discussed for the generation and observation of non-Gaussian states of motion of the mechanical element.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, (accepted in Physical Review X)
Electric discharge contour dynamics model: the effects of curvature and finite conductivity
Creators: name: Arrayás, M.
name: Fontelos, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the complete derivation of the effective contour model for electrical discharges which appears as the asymptotic limit of the minimal streamer model for the propagation of electric discharges, when the electron diffusion is small. It consists of two integro-differential equations defined at the boundary of the plasma region: one for the motion and a second equation for the net charge density at the interface. We have computed explicit solutions with cylindrical symmetry and found the dispersion relation for small symmetry-breaking perturbations in the case of finite resistivity. We implement a numerical procedure to solve our model in general situations. As a result we compute the dispersion relation for the cylindrical case and compare it with the analytical predictions. Comparisons with experimental data for a 2-D positive streamers discharge are provided and predictions confirmed.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures
The hidden horizon and black hole unitarity
Creators: name: Englert, Francois
name: Spindel, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We motivate through a detailed analysis of the Hawking radiation in a Schwarzschild background a scheme in accordance with quantum unitarity. In this scheme the semi-classical approximation of the unitary quantum - horizonless - black hole S-matrix leads to the conventional description of the Hawking radiation from a classical black hole endowed with an event horizon. Unitarity is borne out by the detailed exclusive S-matrix amplitudes. There, the fixing of generic out-states, in addition to the in-state, yields in asymptotic Minkowski space-time saddle-point contributions which are dominated by Planckian metric fluctuations when approaching the Schwarzschild radius. We argue that these prevent the corresponding macroscopic "exclusive backgrounds" to develop an event horizon. However, if no out-state is selected, a distinct saddle-point geometry can be defined, in which Planckian fluctuations are tamed. Such "inclusive background" presents an event horizon and constitutes a coarse-grained average over the aforementioned exclusive ones. The classical event horizon appears as a coarse-grained structure, sustaining the thermodynamic significance of the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy. This is reminiscent of the tentative fuzzball description of extremal black holes: the role of microstates is played here by a complete set of out-states. Although the computations of unitary amplitudes would require a detailed theory of quantum gravity, the proposed scheme itself, which appeals to the metric description of gravity only in the vicinity of stationary points, does not.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. Typos corrected. Two footnotes added (footnotes 3 and 5)
Evidence for a Bound H-dibaryon from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Beane, S. R.
name: Chang, E.
name: Detmold, W.
name: Joo, B.
name: Lin, H. W.
name: Luu, T. C.
name: Orginos, K.
name: Parreno, A.
name: Savage, M. J.
name: Torok, A.
name: Walker-Loud, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence for the existence of a bound H-dibaryon, an I=0, J=0, s=-2 state with valence quark structure uuddss, at a pion mass of m_pi ~ 389 MeV. Using the results of Lattice QCD calculations performed on four ensembles of anisotropic clover gauge-field configurations, with spatial extents of L ~ 2.0, 2.5, 3.0 and 3.9 fm at a spatial lattice spacing of b ~ 0.123 fm, we find an H-dibaryon bound by B = 16.6 +- 2.1 +- 4.6 MeV at a pion mass of m_pi ~ 389 MeV.
description: 4 pages and 3 figures. v2 accepted by PRL
Memorandum from Charles Dollard to Frederick P. Keppel, May 8, 1939
Creators: name: Dollard, Charles, 1907-1977
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Race relations
African Americans--Social conditions
Endowments

description: Notes from meeting of Gunnar Myrdal, Dorothy Thomas, John M. Russell, and Charles Dollard
Electronic structure and the glass transition in pnictide and chalcogenide semiconductor alloys. Part I: The formation of the $ppσ$-network
Creators: name: Zhugayevych, Andriy
name: Lubchenko, Vassiliy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor glasses exhibit many unique optical and electronic anomalies. We have put forth a semi-phenomenological scenario (J. Chem. Phys. 132, 044508 (2010)) in which several of these anomalies arise from deep midgap electronic states residing on high-strain regions intrinsic to the activated transport above the glass transition. Here we demonstrate at the molecular level how this scenario is realized in an important class of semiconductor glasses, namely chalcogen and pnictogen containing alloys. Both the glass itself and the intrinsic electronic midgap states emerge as a result of the formation of a network composed of $σ$-bonded atomic $p$-orbitals that are only weakly hybridized. Despite a large number of weak bonds, these $ppσ$-networks are stable with respect to competing types of bonding, while exhibiting a high degree of structural degeneracy. The stability is rationalized with the help of a hereby proposed structural model, by which $ppσ$-networks are symmetry-broken and distorted versions of a high symmetry structure. The latter structure exhibits exact octahedral coordination and is fully covalently-bonded. The present approach provides a microscopic route to a fully consistent description of the electronic and structural excitations in vitreous semiconductors.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures, revised version, final version to appear in J. Chem. Phys
Electronic excitation dynamics in multichromophoric systems described via a polaron-representation master equation
Creators: name: Kolli, Avinash
name: Nazir, Ahsan
name: Olaya-Castro, Alexandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a many-site version of the non-Markovian time-convolutionless polaron master equation [S. Jang et al., J. Chem Phys. 129, 101104 (2008)] to describe electronic excitation dynamics in multichromophoric systems. By treating electronic and vibrational degrees of freedom in a combined frame (polaron frame), this theory is capable of interpolating between weak and strong exciton-phonon coupling and is able to account for initial non-equilibrium bath states and spatially correlated environments. Besides outlining a general expression for the expected value of any electronic system observable in the original frame, we also discuss implications of the Markovian and secular approximations highlighting that they need not hold in the untransformed frame despite being strictly satisfied in the polaron frame. The key features of the theory are illustrated using as an example a four-site subsystem of the Fenna-Mathew-Olson light-harvesting complex. For a spectral density including a localised high-energy mode, we show that oscillations of site populations may only be observed when non-equilibrium bath effects are taken into account. Furthermore, we illustrate how this formalism allows us to identify the electronic or vibrational origin of the oscillatory dynamics.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures; minor corrections made; accepted for publication in Journal of Chemical Physics
Modellierung des Temperaturverhaltens und experimentelle Untersuchungen zum Einfluss der Reibbelagsgeometrie auf das Reibwertverhalten am Beispiel trockenlaufender Friktionssysteme = Modelling of the temperature behavior and experimental investigations of the friction lining shape on the friction behavior on the example of dry running friction systems
Creators: name: Merkel, Philipp
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2015
Subjects: Kupplungssysteme
Produktentwicklung
Temperaturberechnung

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen Beitrag zur Untersuchung und Berechnung von trockenlaufenden Kupplungssystemen. Es wird der Einfluss von Gestaltungsparametern des Kupplungssystems auf das spätere Reibwertverhalten untersucht und Rechenansätze zur Berücksichtigung der Oberflächenrauigkeit in Temperaturmodellen entwickelt. Die Arbeit endet mit der Entwicklung eines Kupplungssystems, in welchem die neuen Methoden eingesetzt werden.
An Overview of Fear of Crime and Its Criminological Significance
Creators: name: De Silva, Banuka N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 160201 Causes and Prevention of Crime
subject: FOS: Law
subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified

description: Fear of crime is a term that refers to an anxious emotional state caused by the belief that one is at risk of criminal victimisation. Before the 1960s, mainstream criminological studies gave inadequate attention to criminal fear. Despite widespread public concern and fear of crime, it was only after early 1960s US crime surveys that the issue gained policy, research, and political attention. Accordingly, it can be identified that the ''Fear of crime'' is a complex concept that has been debated for an extended period, and it is critical to review its research gaps. The objective of this research was to determine the criminological significance of "fear of crime." Mixed-method systematic review approaches have been applied for the study: status quo review and rapid review. According to the study, recent research on fear of crime has focused on individual and contextual predictors and the consequences of crime fear; more people have been feared crime than become victims. In the most recent research approaches on fear of crime, it is emphasised that perceived risk precedes and causes fear. It has revealed that the term "fear of victimisation" is more precise than "fear of crime" to clarify criminological studies; most studies and researchers use these terms interchangeably. Furthermore, it is suggested that future research be paid attention to the factors affecting fear of victimisation.
Determination of the pairing state in iron-based superconductors through neutron scattering
Creators: name: Nagai, Yuki
name: Kuroki, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the spin susceptibility in the s_{+-} and s_{++} superconducting states of the iron pnictides using the effective five orbital model and considering the quasiparticle damping. For the experimentally evaluated magnitude of the quasiparticle damping and the superconducting gap, the results at the wave vector ~ (pi,0) show that the s_{+-} state is more consistent with the neutron scattering experiments, while for larger quasiparticle damping and the superconducting gap, the s_{++} state can be more consistent. To distinguish between two cases that reproduce the experiments at the wave vector ~ (pi,0), we propose to investigate experimentally the wave vector ~ (pi,pi).
description: 5pages, 3 figures, Accepted in Phys. Rev. B
dc-switchable and single-nanocrystal-addressable coherent population transfer
Creators: name: Gunceler, Deniz
name: Bulutay, Ceyhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Achieving coherent population transfer in the solid-state is challenging compared to atomic systems due to closely spaced electronic states and fast decoherence. Here, within an atomistic pseudopotential theory, we offer recipes for the stimulated Raman adiabatic passage in embedded silicon and germanium nanocrystals. The transfer efficiency spectra displays characteristic Fano resonances. By exploiting the Stark effect, we predict that transfer can be switched off with a dc voltage. As the population transfer is highly sensitive to structural variations, with a choice of a sufficiently small two-photon detuning bandwidth, it can be harnessed for addressing individual nanocrystals within an ensemble.
description: Published version, 4 pages, 3 figures
Untersuchungen zum Einlaufverhalten binärer alpha-Messinglegierungen unter Ölschmierung in Abhängigkeit des Zinkgehaltes
Creators: name: Feser, Tim
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Tribologie
Reibung
In-situ
Einlauf
Messing

description: Reibsysteme müssen heutzutage immer größeren technischen, ökologischen und ökonomischen Anforderungen bei gleichzeitig abnehmender Reibung und Verschleiß gerecht werden. Eine Möglichkeit dies zu erreichen ist, das Einlaufverhalten von tribologischen Systemen zu optimieren. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird das Einlaufverhalten von binären Messinglegierungen gegen 1.3505 unter Ölschmierung untersucht.
Single-Peaked Preferences - Extensions, Empirics and Experimental Results
Creators: name: Block De Priego, Veronica Iris
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Social Choice Theory
Generalized Single-Peaked Preferences
Voting Experiments
German Parliament
Manipulation

description: A novel possibility result for strategy-proof aggregation of generalized single-peaked preferences is proven on a space of connected coalitions. In the second part, such preferences are elicited empirically by an online survey and the data are validated in the context of German political coalitions. Finally, a laboratory experiment is conducted to investigate for manipulation and the frequency of Nash play under the mean and under the median rule.
Effects of isospin mixing in the A=32 quintet
Creators: name: Signoracci, Angelo
name: Brown, B. Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the A=32 T=2 quintet we provide a unified theoretical description for three related aspects of isospin mixing: the necessity of more than three terms in the isobaric mass multiplet equation, isospin-forbidden proton decay, and a correction to the allowed Fermi beta decay. We demonstrate for the first time that all three effects observed in experiment can be traced to a common origin related to isospin mixing of the T=2 states with T=1 states.
Electronic structure and the glass transition in pnictide and chalcogenide semiconductor alloys. Part II: The intrinsic electronic midgap states
Creators: name: Zhugayevych, Andriy
name: Lubchenko, Vassiliy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a structural model that treats in a unified fashion both the atomic motions and electronic excitations in quenched melts of pnictide and chalcogenide semiconductors. In Part I (submitted to J. Chem. Phys.), we argued these quenched melts represent aperiodic $ppσ$-networks that are highly stable and, at the same time, structurally degenerate. These networks are characterized by a continuous range of coordination. Here we present a systematic way to classify these types of coordination in terms of discrete coordination defects in a parent structure defined on a simple cubic lattice. We identify the lowest energy coordination defects with the intrinsic midgap electronic states in semiconductor glasses, which were argued earlier to cause many of the unique optoelectronic anomalies in these materials. In addition, these coordination defects are mobile and correspond to the transition state configurations during the activated transport above the glass transition. The presence of the coordination defects may account for the puzzling discrepancy between the kinetic and thermodynamic fragility in chalcogenides. Finally, the proposed model recovers as limiting cases several popular types of bonding patterns proposed earlier, including: valence-alternation pairs, hypervalent configurations, and homopolar bonds in heteropolar compounds.
description: 17 pages, 15 figures, revised version, final version to appear in J. Chem. Phys
Charakterisierung der Fanconi Anämie-assoziierten Proteine MHF1 und FAN1 in der DNA-Reparatur und homologen Rekombination in Arabidopsis thaliana
Creators: name: Herrmann, Natalie
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014

description: Der Fanconi Anämie (FA) Reparaturweg ist ein essentieller Mechanismus um DNA-Crosslinks (CLs) in Säugern zu beseitigen. Im Rahmen dieser Arbeit wurden die FA-assoziierten Gene MHF1, welches in die Erkennung des CLs involviert ist und FAN1, welches als Nuklease an der Auflösung des CLs beteiligt ist, in Arabidopsis thaliana charakterisiert. Dabei wurden die Funktionen der beiden Gene innerhalb der Reparatur von CLs und während der homologen Rekombination untersucht.
A homotopy for a complex of free Lie algebras
Creators: name: Vergne, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Using the Guichardet construction, we compute the cohomology groups of a complex of free Lie algebras introduced by Alekseev and Torossian.
description: misprint corrected
Das Fort Qaitbay in Alexandria - Baugeschichte und Architektur einer mamlukischen Hafenfestung im mittelalterlichen Stadtbefestigungssystem von Alexandria
Creators: name: Machinek, Kathrin
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2014
Subjects: Alexandria
Qaitbay
Mamluken
Stadtbefestigung
Hafenfort

description: In dieser Arbeit wird einleitend die Genese der mittelalterlichen Stadtbefestigung Alexandrias beschrieben, in die Sultan Qaitbay im 15. Jh. ein Hafenfort einfügte. Der Baugeschichtsteil erläutert die diversen Bauphasen des Forts. Die einzelnen Fortbereiche wie Bering, Hauptturm, Betsaal und Zisternen werden beschrieben und in Bezug zu vergleichbaren Bauten gesetzt. Ein umfassender Abbildungsteil sowie ein Katalog der Vergleichsbauten werden durch den Anhang mit Schriftquellen komplettiert.