cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
First-principles theory of frozen-ion flexoelectricity
Creators: name: Hong, Jiawang
name: Vanderbilt, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the frozen-ion contribution to the flexoelectric coefficient is given solely in terms of the sum of third moments of the charge density distortions induced by atomic displacements, even for ferroelectric or piezoelectric materials. We introduce several practical supercell-based methods for calculating these coefficients from first principles, and demonstrate them by computing the coefficients for C, Si, MgO, NaCl, SrTiO$_3$, BaTiO$_3$, and PbTiO$_3$. Three important subtleties associated with pseudopotentials, the treatment of surfaces, and the calculation of transverse components are also discussed.
description: 1 figure
Holographic condensed matter theories and gravitational instability
Creators: name: He, Jianyang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The AdS/CFT correspondence, which connects a d-dimensional field theory to a (d+1)-dimensional gravity, provides us with a new method to understand and explore physics. One of its recent interesting applications is holographic condensed matter theory. We investigate some holographic superconductivity models and discuss their properties. Both Abelian and non-Abelian models are studied, and we argue the p-wave solution is a hard-gapped superconductor. In a holographic system containing Fermions, the properties of a non-Fermi liquid with a Fermi surface are found. We show that a Landau level structure exists when external magnetic field is turned on, and argue for the existence of Fermi liquid when using the global coordinate system of AdS. Finite temperature results of the Fermion system are also given. In addition, a gravitational instability interpreted as a bubble of nothing is described, together with its field theory dual.
Migrant Social Workers' Experiences of Professional Adaptation in Alberta Canada: A Comparative Gender Analysis
Creators: name: Fulton, Amy Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Gender Studies
subject: Social Work
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public and Social Welfare
subject: professional adaptation
subject: Alberta
subject: Immigration
subject: Social Work
subject: social worker
subject: Gender

description: There is limited global research addressing the professional adaptation of migrant social workers in general, and a dearth of scholarship specific to the unique context in Alberta, Canada. While academic attention on the broad topic of professional migration of social workers has gained some traction over the past decade, the emerging literature has so far lacked a comparative gender analysis of the experiences of professional migration among social workers. The purpose of the present study was to develop enhanced understanding of the experiences of professional adaptation of migrant social workers in the Albertan context through a comparative gender analysis. This dissertation emerged from my involvement as a research assistant on a national study on the professional adaptation of migrant social workers in Canada. While coordinating data collection for the Alberta site of the national study, I conducted in-depth interviews with 17 male and female migrant social workers that had migrated to Alberta, Canada within the past decade. From these 17 interviews, 10 transcripts of interviews were selected as cases for secondary analysis in order to answer the question: How do female and male migrant social workers in Alberta experience their professional adaptation to practice in their new context? The research method employed in the secondary study was interpretive phenomenological analysis (IPA), a form of qualitative inquiry that examines how people make sense of significant lived experiences. Intersectionality theory and postcolonial feminisms provided the theoretical framework for the study, facilitating attention to both the macro-level factors that structure lived experiences and interactions, and the micro-level processes and interpretations that shape social identities. Engaging with the detailed personal accounts of the participants provided new understandings of how male and female migrant social workers both similarly and differentially interpret and make meaning out of their experiences of professional adaptation. The study makes an important contribution to existing knowledge about professional adaptation in the context of transnational labour mobility. Notably, it is among the first studies to explore the professional adaptation processes of migrant social workers in Alberta, as well as among the earliest works to engage in a qualitative comparative gender analysis that explores these experiences.
Additional file 4 of Sequence level genome-wide associations for bull production and fertility traits in tropically adapted bulls
Creators: name: Tan, Wei Liang Andre
name: Neto, Laercio Ribeiro Porto
name: Reverter, Antonio
name: McGowan, Michael
name: Fortes, Marina Rufino Salinas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 4
Quantum-statistical theory of Raman scattering processes
Creators: name: Miranowicz, Adam
name: Kielich, Stanislaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman scattering from a great number of phonon modes is described from a quantum-statistical point of view within the standing-wave model. The master equation for the completely quantum case, including laser pump depletion and stochastic coupling of Stokes and anti-Stokes modes, is derived and converted to classical equations: either into a generalized Fokker-Planck equation and an equation of motion for the characteristic function or into the master equation in Fock representation. These two approaches are developed both in linear and nonlinear regime. A detailed analysis of scattering into Stokes and anti-Stokes modes in linear regime, i.e., under parametric approximation, is presented. The existence of s-parametrized quasiprobability distributions, in particular the Glauber-Sudarshan P-function, is investigated. An analysis of Raman scattering into separate Stokes and anti-Stokes modes in nonlinear regime, thus including pump depletion, is given. The master equation in Fock representation is solved exactly for the complete density matrix using the Laplace transform method. Short-time solutions, steady-state solutions and approximate compact form solutions are obtained. Relations between the quasidistribution approach based on the Fokker-Planck equation and the density matrix approach based on the master equation in Fock representation are presented. The photocount distribution and its factorial moments as well as variances and extremal variances of quadratures are calculated in both approaches giving the basis for the analysis of the quantum properties of radiation such as sub-Poissonian photon-counting statistics and squeezing. Various statistical moments obtained from numerical calculations utilizing our exact solutions, from the approximate relations for short times, and those obtained under parametric approximation are compared.
description: 73 pages, 10 figures, published in: Modern Nonlinear Optics, eds. M. Evans and S. Kielich, Advances in Chemical Physics, vol. 85(III) (Wiley, New York, 1994) pp. 531--626. This volume is out of print, while the topic seems to be still of interest
Evidence-based Medicine: knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of doctors in four main hospital Penang state
Creators: name: Sivasangari, SUBRAMANIAM
name: U.THANDAPANI Revathy
name: KRISHINAN Sotheenathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Evidence-based medicine
cross-sectional
doctors

description: INTRODUCTION
 Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) has appeared to be accepted as a pointer for health care quality. Over the past 20 years, EBM has dominated much of the healthcare and policy literature due to its success and the wider use of its theory. It has also been credited with proving the efficacy of many treatments and exposing the ineffectiveness of many others. METHODOLOGY
 A cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on a randomly selected sample of 264 hospital doctors from four Penang main hospitals. Awareness and Attitude towards EBM, accessing to internet and Midlines and perceived barriers to practice EBM among participants were the main outcome measures. RESULTS
 92.1% strongly welcomed introduction and promotion of EBM in daily management of patients. About 92 % of respondents heard about EBM. Most of the participants had access to internet (89%) and those who were never had a course on EBM were (40.5%). Only 73 % who used EBM in their clinical practice. The major barriers to practicing EBM were no time due to patient overload (85%), lack of libraries (65%) limited resource (62%) and lack of training (60%). CONCLUSION
 Although there is a high support among doctors for the promotion of EBM, there is a deficit in knowledge and lack of skills of EBM. Hence, the time is suitable for planning and implementing an effective EBM educational programme for both undergraduate and postgraduate doctors. Evidence-based medicine has limitations, and more efforts need to be directed toward improving doctors' skills and access to evidence at the point of care. Disclaimer: Abstract text might vary slightly from what is displayed in the e-poster.
description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in August 18-20, 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
Beyond Delusions of Grand Strategy: A Centrifugal National Security Strategy for Canada
Creators: name: McAuley, William
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: History--Canadian
subject: History--Military
subject: Military Studies
subject: Political Science--International Law and Relations
subject: Public Administration
subject: Sociology--Organizational
subject: grand strategy
subject: Military Strategy
subject: national security
subject: national security strategy
subject: Canadian Defence Policy
subject: Canadian Foreign Policy
subject: complex adaptive systems
subject: Afghanistan
subject: counter-terrorism
subject: economic subversion
subject: cyber-security
subject: emergent strategy
subject: Canadian grand strategy
subject: linkage
subject: functionalism
subject: national interest
subject: adaptive advantage

description: Canadian ‘grand strategy’ is a dangerous illusion. Just as even the brightest headlights have limited utility on a winding road, the common model of grand strategy is more myth than magic. Advocacy for the common linear conception of grand strategy as the solution to a complex contemporary security environment is misguided. This ‘Newtonian’ form of grand strategy has little utility for Canada. Traditional perceptions of grand strategy must be modified to account for a Canadian condition in which the ability to achieve adaptive advantage at the periphery supplants a central vision. The challenge for the forward looking national security policymaker is not how to impose a particular grand strategic objective on an uncontrollable environment, but to continually adapt and co-evolve with that environment in a manner that best satisfies specific interests. This work explores the utility of the grand strategy within a Canadian context. Intended to have resonance for contemporary policymaking, the behavioural phenomenon of grand strategy is examined with respect to its utility for real-time policy and strategy making in Canada. The assumption that the common concept of grand strategy has utility for Canada will be challenged on the grounds that it fails to account for the complexity of the Canadian policymaking environment. It will be shown that Canada has a more natural form of national security strategy that, rather than being based on a central vision, relies upon the optimization of emergent behaviour within a complex adaptive system. This unique form of national security strategy is characterized as being centrifugal rather than centripetal. Identification of this model illustrates fatal flaws in the common conceptions of Canadian grand strategy and provides greater utility for real-time Canadian policymaking in the contemporary national security environment.
Coryrhynchus algicola Stebbing 1914
Creators: name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia
name: Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Inachidae
Coryrhynchus
Coryrhynchus algicola

description: Coryrhynchus algicola (Stebbing, 1914)
Material examined (N=1). 1ni, 19/IX/2000, 13°52’99”S / 38°59’59”W (MZUESC #53).
Distribution. Western Atlantic – Colombia and Brazil (from Maranhão to São Paulo) (Melo 1996).
Ecological notes. On sand and calcareous algae bottoms. From 24 to 90 m (Melo 1996). Previous records in Bahia. Coelho (1971) (as Podochela riisei Stimpson, 1860), Coelho & Ramos (1972) (as P. algicola), Barreto et al. (1993) (as P. algicola), Coelho (2006), Almeida et al. (2007). Remarks. Coelho (2006) recorded this species from Camamu Bay in his recent review of the genus Podochela Stimpson, 1860, in the Caribbean and Atlantic coast of South America. The main difference between the species of the genera Coryrhynchus Kingsley, 1879 and Podochela, is in the shape of the rostrum, rounded and triangular, respectively, never ending in a spine, as is the case with some other inachid genera (Coelho 2006).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De, Guerrazzi, Maria Cec Lia & Coelho, Petr Ȏ Nio Alves, 2007, Stomatopod and decapod crustaceans from Camamu Bay, state of Bahia, Brazil, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 1553 on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.178168
Les Représentations sociolinguistiques d'étudiants formés dans les écoles d'immersion française
Creators: name: Sillito, Dolly Heather
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: Sociolinguistics
subject: Representations
subject: French Immersion

description: Les écoles d’immersion française ont été introduites au Canada anglais dans les années 1970, suivant l’établissement officiel du bilinguisme national. La reconnaissance au niveau fédéral des droits linguistiques des Franco-Canadiens a découlé de l’état désavantageux de ces derniers sur le plan économique. Il fallait équilibrer les possibilités entre les anglophones et les francophones, en adoptant le bilinguisme le plus possible dans la société canadienne. Un des buts donc de l’éducation bilingue – comme toute tentative de bilinguisation de la population canadienne – était celui de rapprocher les opportunités pour les deux groupes de langues officielles. En principe, enlever les barrières linguistiques entre eux permet aux anglophones et aux francophones de se parler aussi. Qu’est-ce qu’un pays en solidarité sinon un pays où les citoyens partagent la parole? Ce mémoire explore les représentations sociolinguistiques des élèves qui sont formés dans le système d’immersion française en Alberta. Étant donné le contexte anglophone de cette province, quelles seront les ramifications d’une éducation en français sur leurs identités linguistiques et culturelles? Les données analysées ont été recueillies lors d’une période d’observation participante (méthode ethnographique), et des interviews interactives avec des étudiants du même groupe. Si les écoles d’immersion française étaient censées résoudre un problème socioculturel – équilibrer et créer une solidarité entre les « deux solitudes » – comment les diplômés du système se comprennent-ils par rapport à cet idéal?
CHALLENGES OF CLIMATE CHANGE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MIGRATION IN THE 21ST CENTURY AND AFRICA'S 3S INITIATIVE
Creators: name: Monday, Iyeshim
Publisher: name: Zap journals
Year: 2023
Subjects: Temperature
Cyclone
Flood
Environment
Climate Change

description: This research unraveled the challenges of climate change that had resulted to series of environmentally induced migration in the 21st century Africa. The study identified flood, rising temperature, rising sea level, coastal erosion, food insecurity, and cyclones as some of the environmental crisis challenging the existence of African continent. Methodologically, the case study research design was adopted for the collection and analysis of climate change effect and environmental migration in Africa. Linkable to the stakeholders theory, the study find out that Africa contributed very little in the dwindling carrying capacity of the earth and recommend the establishment of an effective co-ordinated structure to pull international resources together, a UN climate change trust fund for Africa and a perennial African Union summit for a climate change information in Africa and to the whole world.
Holographic RG Flow and Sound Modes of sQGP
Creators: name: Matsuo, Yoshinori
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
name: Zhou, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the hydrodynamics of strongly interacting quark gluon plasma in finite temperature and density using the holographic duality of charged black hole in anti DeSitter space. We calculate the transport coefficients at arbitrary energy scale by considering the holographic screen at finite radial position. We first calculate the flow of sound velocity in this method and check the consistence with previous result. Then we calculate diffusion constant of charge and find that Einstein relation between susceptibility, conductivity and diffusion constant will hold at arbitrary slice.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Determining Genetic Mechanisms of Vascular Stability: A Novel Role For FoxF2
Creators: name: Arnold, Corey
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biology--Cell
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology--Molecular
subject: Vascular Stability
subject: Vascular Smooth Muscle
subject: Pericyte
subject: FoxF2
subject: zebrafish

description: Endothelial cells of blood vessels interact with surrounding peri-endothelial cells (pericytes and vascular smooth muscle cells) to maintain integrity, modulate blood flow and promote homeostasis, collectively contributing to vascular stability. Both the initial establishment and subsequent maintenance of vascular stability is crucial to the integrity of the vasculature, and loss of this support can result in hemorrhage. Hemorrhagic events in brain vessels often lead to stroke, and accumulation of vascular insults originating from small brain vessels and capillaries, known as cerebral small vessel disease, can cause cognitive decline in addition to stroke. The identification of genetic factors promoting vascular stability is therefore fundamental to our understanding of cerebral vessel function in development and disease. Through microarray expression profiling of a genetic zebrafish model of cerebral hemorrhage, I found the transcription factor FoxF2 to be significantly downregulated. With further investigation, I discovered a novel role for FoxF2 in zebrafish cerebral vascular stability, both developmentally and in later stages of life. I show that transient knockdown and genetic knockout of the zebrafish FoxF2b paralog results in vascular stability defects during development. Furthermore, I provide evidence that FoxF2 is expressed in neural crest- and ventral mesoderm-derived head mesenchyme, and promotes differentiation of vascular smooth muscle and pericytes potentially through modulation of vascular stability-related signaling pathways. In the adult zebrafish brain, I find that FoxF2 is specifically expressed in pericytes and genetic knockout results in brain hemorrhages. These findings parallel recent observations of human FoxF2 mutations, which exhibit hallmarks of cerebral small vessel disease. Genetic variants in a potential regulatory region of human FoxF2 have been also recently been linked to stroke, further suggesting a role for FoxF2 as a human disease gene. Through this work, I have identified a potential mechanism by which FoxF2 promotes cerebral vascular stability and paved the way for future investigations of cerebral vascular development and disease.
Myxoma Virus Therapy of Malignant Gliomas in Murine Syngeneic Models: Translating Barriers to Therapy
Creators: name: Zemp, Franz Joseph
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Virology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Oncology
subject: Oncolytic virus
subject: glioma
subject: Mouse models

description: High grade glioma has an almost universally fatal outcome. Failure of current treatment modalities has prompted the investigation into non-traditional therapies. Oncolytic virus therapy entails the use of replication competent viruses that selectively infect, replicate and kill cancer cells. This multi-modal therapy can function to directly kill cancer cells, stimulate anti-tumour immune responses, and be engineered to express additional anti-tumour activities. Despite promising preclinical studies in xenograft models, clinical trials have demonstrated no overwhelming treatment responses. Interestingly, syngeneic glioma models have shown results more typical of what was seen in the clinic. This study was undertaken to identify the potential immune-effectors mediating Myxoma virus (MYXV) clearance in immunocompetent mouse models. MYXV is a rabbit-specific poxvirus that has oncolytic properties in cancer cell lines, having previously been shown to ‘cure’ human xenograft models. We found that syngeneic murine glioma lines derived from Nf1+/-Trp53+/- mice formed aggressive, gliosarcoma-like tumours in the brains of C57Bl/6 mice, but MYXV administration resulted in a very transient infection and no treatment efficacy. Further, a new syngeneic glioma model was created through culturing spontaneous gliomas from these mice as neurospheres. These lines displayed stem cell markers and produce highly invasive gliomas when grafted into the brains of immunocompetent C57Bl/6 mice. We hypothesized that Type-I interferon (IFNα/β), could be playing a role in this resistance. However, it was found that MYXV treatment did not elicit an IFNα/β response in these glioma lines in vitro or in vivo. Further, engineered ablation of IFNα/β signalling in the glioma in vivo had no change in treatment outcome. Immunophenotyping the glioma microenvironment found these gliomas were heavily infiltrated with microglia and macrophages, just as has been shown in human patients. Ablation of tumour-resident macrophages, not treatment-recruited macrophages, resulted in a significant increase in viral infection in the tumours that resulted in a mild survival advantage; however, the virus was still rapidly cleared in these animals. NK and T cell populations were also recruited to the tumour. Interestingly, ablation of both these populations, but not either one alone, resulted in a robust, durable infection in the tumour that resulted in survival benefit.
A preliminary test of Abelian D4-M5 duality
Creators: name: Gustavsson, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the partition function of five-dimension Abelian sYM including a graviphoton term on a five-torus. The result agrees with Abelian M5 brane partition function with zero characteristics on an associated six-torus.
description: 7 pages
“Her mind has no womanly weakness”: The Humanist Studies of Princess Elizabeth, 1538-1558
Creators: name: Hamill, Kelsey Anne
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education--History of
subject: Biography
subject: History--European
subject: Social Structure and Development
subject: WomenÕs Studies
subject: Princess Elizabeth
subject: Humanist Education
subject: Early Modern England
subject: Gender
subject: Pedagogy
subject: Elizabeth Tudor
subject: Elizabeth I
subject: education
subject: training
subject: Cambridge

description: Elite women in early modern England and Europe were usually educated in the skills of embroidery, dance, music, and cooking, with some rudimentary training in writing, reading, and Latin. These were all skills that were believed necessary to attract stronger marriage prospects from, and be better partners to, elite men. This thesis examines Elizabeth I’s (1533–1603) education during the years before she assumed the crown, circa 1538–1558. Partly because of their intense focus on Elizabeth’s reign (1558–1603) rather than her childhood, historians have not given sufficient attention to her informal and formal education. Sources such as letters, the published works of her tutors, in addition to Elizabeth’s own translation works, poetry, prayers, and other writing have been examined to gain an understanding of the curriculum to which the young Elizabeth was exposed. These sources reveal that Elizabeth was exposed to a wide range of humanist writings that were atypical of the curriculum traditionally offered to noble women. In receiving a humanist education akin to that which Tudor men acquired at Cambridge University, to which most of Elizabeth’s tutors had close affinity, Elizabeth was provided a sound intellectual foundation that later helped her to meet the challenges of a regnant queen ruling in a patriarchal society.
Intraoperative Blood Loss and Blood Transfusion Requirement Among Liver Transplant Recipients. A National Single Center Experience 2020
Creators: name: Faeiz, YUSOP Mohd
name: MOHAMAD TAHIR Norlida
name: SYED AZIM Sharifah Mai Sarah
name: KAMARUZAMAN Ameera Ashyila
name: KUGAAN Arvend
name: OSMAN Mohd Fairuz
name: HATTA Nur Raihan
name: Norita, TENGKU YAZID Tengku
name: Suryati, MOKHTAR
name: Haniza, OMAR
name: Suhaimi, AMIR Ahmad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Liver Transplant
Intraoperative
Blood Loss
Blood Transfusion

description: Background :
 Liver Transplantation (LT) is a complicated surgical procedure with high risk for massive intraoperative blood loss due to pre-existing coagulopathy, portosystemic shunts with collateral circulations and splenomegaly. The study purpose was to evaluate single center transfusion strategies and to identify the risk factors associated with the intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion. Methods :
 Study includes 18 patients who underwent LT at Hospital Selayang between January 2020 and December 2020. Retrospective analysis of data included preoperative assessment of coagulopathy, intraoperative blood loss, blood component transfusion. Results :
 Mean age in the study group was 36.4 ± 12.68 years. Mean intraoperative blood loss was 4450 ± 1646 ml requiring 4.17 ± 3.3 Packed Red Blood Cell (PRBC) Units, 7.56 ± 5.5 platelet units, and 9.50 ± 6.0 fresh frozen plasma (FFP) units. Independent risk factor for High Blood Loss (HBL) group was lower pre-operative platelet count and it is statistically significant (p = 0.024). HBL group is associated with higher usage of PRBC (p = 0.024) and Platelet Units (p = 0.031) and it is statistically significant. Length of stay (LOS) in ICU averaging 8.6 ± 4.95 days and there is no significant differences comparing the HBL and LBL group (p = 0.552). Mortality < 90 days for all recipients was 22.2%. Conclusion :
 The pre-operative platelet count for is the most important factor associated with HBL in LT procedure. Usage of PRBC and Platelet units were statistically higher in HBL. Comparing HBL and LBL patients, there is no difference in terms of the LOS in ICU post-operatively. Disclaimer: Abstract text might vary slightly from what is displayed in the e-poster.
description: This poster was submitted to the 14th National Conference for Clinical Research (NCCR) in August 18-20, 2021. https://nccrconference.com.my/
Additional file 6 of Sequence level genome-wide associations for bull production and fertility traits in tropically adapted bulls
Creators: name: Tan, Wei Liang Andre
name: Neto, Laercio Ribeiro Porto
name: Reverter, Antonio
name: McGowan, Michael
name: Fortes, Marina Rufino Salinas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material 6
Structure and Cooling of Neutron and Hybrid Stars
Creators: name: Schramm, S.
name: Dexheimer, V.
name: Negreiros, R.
name: Schürhoff, T.
name: Steinheimer, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of neutron stars is a topic of central interest in the investigation of the properties of strongly compressed hadronic matter. Whereas in heavy-ion collisions the fireball, created in the collision zone, contains very hot matter, with varying density depending on the beam energy, neutron stars largely sample the region of cold and dense matter with the exception of the very short time period of the existence of the proto-neutron star. Therefore, neutron star physics, in addition to its general importance in astrophysics, is a crucial complement to heavy-ion physics in the study of strongly interacting matter. In the following, model approaches will be introduced to calculate properties of neutron stars that incorporate baryons and quarks. These approaches are also able to describe the state of matter over a wide range of temperatures and densities, which is essential if one wants to connect and correlate star observables and results from heavy-ion collisions. The effect of exotic particles and quark cores on neutron star properties will be considered. In addition to the gross properties of the stars like their masses and radii their expected inner composition is quite sensitive to the models used. The effect of the composition can be studied through the analysis of the cooling curve of the star. In addition, we consider the effect of rotation, as in this case the particle composition of the star can be modified quite drastically.
description: Proceedings of the Exciting Physics Symposium, Makutsi, South Africa (2011)
Methanogenic and Aerobic Biodegradation of Model Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds Associated with Canadian Oil Sands
Creators: name: Montoya, Oscar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Methanogeniesis
subject: Polycyclic aromatic compounds
subject: Dibenzothiophene
subject: Phenanthrene
subject: 2,6-Dimethylnaphthalene
subject: Biodegradation
subject: Bioremediation
subject: Aerobic
subject: Bitumen
subject: Oil sands
subject: Salinities

description: Polycyclic aromatic compounds (PACs) are ubiquitous molecules that can be of high importance to remediate due to their potential negative health and environmental effects. The present study used Canadian Oil Sands-derived microbial consortia established methanogenically or aerobically and amended with phenanthrene, dibenzothiophene (DBT), or 2,6-dimethylnaphthalene (2,6-diMN) as sole carbon and energy sources under three salinities. Methane formation was statistically higher in PAC-amended treatments relative to unamended controls under brackish conditions. A fumarate addition metabolite was tentatively detected in incubations amended with 2,6-diMN. DBT was degraded with concomitant methane formation, the first report of this metabolism. 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed the dominance of methanogens and known PACs degraders. Genus Smithella was only detected in DBT-amended incubations in relatively high abundances suggesting its role in DBT degradation anaerobically. Aerobic degradation of PHEN and 2,6-diMN was also observed. Time-course experiments showed faster PHEN degradation under saline conditions and that the microbial communities were dominated by Janibacter sp, which was also isolated. This research shows that microbial communities from bitumen-impacted environments have the natural ability to degrade PACs, with potential applications in bioremediation.
Solving the accuracy-diversity dilemma via directed random walks
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Guo
name: Shi, Kerui
name: Guo, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Random walks have been successfully used to measure user or object similarities in collaborative filtering (CF) recommender systems, which is of high accuracy but low diversity. A key challenge of CF system is that the reliably accurate results are obtained with the help of peers' recommendation, but the most useful individual recommendations are hard to be found among diverse niche objects. In this paper we investigate the direction effect of the random walk on user similarity measurements and find that the user similarity, calculated by directed random walks, is reverse to the initial node's degree. Since the ratio of small-degree users to large-degree users is very large in real data sets, the large-degree users' selections are recommended extensively by traditional CF algorithms. By tuning the user similarity direction from neighbors to the target user, we introduce a new algorithm specifically to address the challenge of diversity of CF and show how it can be used to solve the accuracy-diversity dilemma. Without relying on any context-specific information, we are able to obtain accurate and diverse recommendations, which outperforms the state-of-the-art CF methods. This work suggests that the random walk direction is an important factor to improve the personalized recommendation performance.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Fundamental properties and atmospheric structure of the red supergiant VY CMa based on VLTI/AMBER spectro-interferometry
Creators: name: Wittkowski, M.
name: Hauschildt, P. H.
name: Torres, B. Arroyo
name: Marcaide, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the atmospheric structure and fundamental properties of the red supergiant VY CMa. We obtained near-infrared spectro-interferometric observations of VY CMa with spectral resolutions of 35 and 1500 using the AMBER instrument at the VLTI. The visibility data indicate the presence of molecular layers of water vapor and CO in the extended atmosphere with an asymmetric morphology. The uniform disk diameter in the water band around 2.0 mu is increased by \sim20% compared to the near-continuum bandpass at 2.20-2.25 mu and in the CO band at 2.3-2.5 mu it is increased by up to \sim50%. The closure phases indicate relatively small deviations from point symmetry close to the photospheric layer, and stronger deviations in the extended H2O and CO layers. Making use of the high spatial and spectral resolution, a near-continuum bandpass can be isolated from contamination by molecular and dusty layers, and the Rosseland-mean photospheric angular diameter is estimated to 11.3 +/- 0.3 mas based on a PHOENIX atmosphere model. Together with recent high-precision estimates of the distance and spectro-photometry, this estimate corresponds to a radius of 1420 +/- 120 Rsun and an effective temperature of 3490 +/- 90 K. VY CMa exhibits asymmetric, possibly clumpy, atmospheric layers of H2O and CO, which are not co-spatial, within a larger elongated dusty envelope. Our revised fundamental parameters put VY CMa close to the Hayashi limit of recent evolutionary tracks of initial mass 25 Msun with rotation or 32 Msun without rotation, shortly before evolving blueward in the HR-diagram.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics (A&A) as a Letter
Delta Hedging Variable Annuities under Wiener Chaos Expansion
Creators: name: Wiredu, David
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a method for Delta-Hedging of variable annuity products under the Guaranteed Minimum withdrawal Benefit (GMWB) Rider based on Wiener Chaos expansion. We also discuss well-known Monte-Carlo methods for computing Delta for derivatives, particularly for variable annuities. A detailed discussion of Wiener Chaos expansion is then provided. A discussion on the Heath-Jarrow-Morton (HJM) framework in the context of constant and exponential volatility is given. Choosing a Geometric Brownian motion for the underlying in the variable annuity account and the Heath-Jarrow-Morton model for interest rates we present results of delta computed by the Wiener Chaos technique in MATLAB using the UQLab framework. Comparisons between this method and the Monte-Carlo benchmark are then presented.
Experiences of Conformity in Postgraduate Medical Education
Creators: name: Grendar, Jan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Education--Health
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: postgraduate medical education
subject: pressure to conform
subject: factors

description: A questionnaire was used to study the perception of conformity in Postgraduate Medical Education. The goals were to describe: (1) the extent of perception of pressure to conform in PGME, (2) factors that influence pressure to conform, and (3) trainees’ perception of how conformity influences their educational experience. 166 residents participated (21.3% of all residents). Individual characteristics (age, sex, PGY level, educational background) and residency program characteristics (surgical/nonsurgical, size) were not associated with a significant difference in perception of pressure to conform. Participants’ higher hierarchy rank, scenarios during off-service rotations and informal educational encounters were associated with significantly higher perception of pressure to conform. An equal number of residents perceived conformity as having a positive and negative influence on acquisition of knowledge and skills. In conclusion, although individual or program characteristics were not associated with differences in perception of pressure to conform in PGME, educational scenario characteristics were.
A socio-historical analysis of Chinese heritage language education in British Columbia
Creators: name: Jiang, Hong
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Throughout Chinese-Canadian history, Chinese heritage language (CHL) education has always been a way to transmit linguistic and cultural knowledge across generations, to maintain communication among Chinese family members and other contacts, near and far, and to preserve Chinese culture and identity. Nevertheless, despite the great efforts made by many generations of Chinese immigrant communities to teach the Chinese language to Canadians from Chinese linguistic and cultural backgrounds in community schools, to date the ethnolinguistic vitality of Chinese language education in British Columbia, its role in history and society, and the factors that helped it survive and led to its current prominence have not been examined. This thesis describes the development of CHL education in BC, considering historical, educational, socio-political, and sociolinguistic factors that have shaped CHL education in society. The study draws upon archival data, including textbooks used at different periods of time, letters, school reports and journals, newspaper articles and other written documents, as well as oral interviews with current leaders and practitioners in Chinese language education in British Columbia. This research documents the various social-political influences on CHL education from both Canada and China during the tumultuous 20th century in particular, but also during current era. The study also reveals the significant role played by CHL education and advocacy during each period of Chinese-Canadian immigration history. The ethnolinguistic vitality of the local Chinese community has supported CHL education and inspired many people to learn Chinese as a heritage language in British Columbia. Finally, research on the benefits of heritage language education and maintenance are reviewed to provide an applied linguistic perspective on its proven efficacy, which complements the intuitive desires and beliefs of many generations of parents and community activists who have urged their children to keep the language alive. The thesis concludes by noting some of the positive developments and remaining challenges associated with Chinese language education, teacher education, and pedagogy in both community and formal education settings in British Columbia in the 21st century.
Additional file 1 of Predicting dry weight change in Hemodialysis patients using machine learning
Creators: name: Inoue, Hiroko
name: Oya, Megumi
name: Aizawa, Masashi
name: Wagatsuma, Kyogo
name: Kamimae, Masatomo
name: Kashiwagi, Yusuke
name: Ishii, Masayoshi
name: Wakabayashi, Hanae
name: Fujii, Takayuki
name: Suzuki, Satoshi
name: Hattori, Noriyuki
name: Tatsumoto, Narihito
name: Kawakami, Eiryo
name: Asanuma, Katsuhiko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
classificationCode: 69999
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 80699
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
W' production at the LHC in the 4-site Higgsless model
Creators: name: Accomando, Elena
name: Becciolini, Diego
name: De Curtis, Stefania
name: Dominici, Daniele
name: Fedeli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the phenomenology of the 4-site Higgsless model, based on the $SU(2)_L\times SU(2)_1\times SU(2)_2\times U(1)_Y$ gauge symmetry, at present colliders. The model predicts the existence of two neutral and four charged extra gauge bosons, Z1,Z2,W1,W2. In this paper, we focus on the charged gauge sector. We first derive limits on W1,W2-boson masses and couplings to SM fermions from direct searches at the Tevatron. We then estimate at the 7 TeV LHC the exclusion limits with the actual L=1 fb-1 and the discovery potential with the expected L=10 fb-1. In contrast to the minimal (or 3-site) Higgsless model which predicts almost fermiophobic extra gauge bosons, the next-to-minimal (or 4-site) Higgsless model recovers sizeable W1,W2-boson couplings to ordinary matter, expressing the non-fermiophobic multiresonance inner nature of extra-dimensional theories. Owing to this feature, we find that in one year from now the new heavy gauge bosons, W1 and W2, could be discovered in the final state with an electron and large missing transverse energy at the 7 TeV LHC for W1,W2-boson masses in the TeV region, depending on model parameters.
description: 28 pages, references added
Convex conjugates of analytic functions of logarithmically convex functionals
Creators: name: Zajkowski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 44A15, 47A10, 47B37

description: Let $f_{\bf c}(r)=\sum_{n=0}^\infty e^{c_n}r^n$ be an analytic function; ${\bf c}=(c_n)\in l_\infty$. We assume that $r$ is some logarithmically convex and lower semicontinuous functional on a locally convex topological space $L$. In this paper we derive a formula on the Legendre-Fenchel transform of a functional $\hatλ({\bf c},ϕ)=\ln f_{\bf c}(e^{λ(ϕ)})$, where $λ(ϕ)=\ln r(ϕ)$ ($ϕ\in L$). In this manner we generalize to the infinite case Theorem 3.1 from \cite{OZ1}.
Elite Strategy, Social Structure and Catholic-Protestant Cleavage in the Canadian Provinces
Creators: name: Fairie, Paul Michael
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General
subject: religious cleavages
subject: provincial politics
subject: historical legacies

description: The persistence of many electoral cleavages beyond the disappearance of their initial causes is a central mystery of political science. Siegfried (1913) examined how left-right orientations that emerged from the French Revolution survived many generations, Lipset and Rokkan (1967) puzzled over how the party systems of the 1960s reflected the social divisions of the 1920s, and Wittenberg (2006) demonstrated how Hungarian cleavages survived the disap- pearance of democracy itself. While voting is often considered a rational, individual act taking into account current issues and political campaigns, understanding the role that the legacies of the past play in influencing elections is equally critical. This dissertation considers one such long-standing question of cleavage persistence: why do Catholics and Protestants in Canada have different voting patterns? By analyzing orig- inal data on the long-term history of Catholic-Protestant cleavages in Canadian provincial elections, two factors structure patterns of religious cleavage: elite strategies and social structure. Elite strategies, such as elite accommodation or policy positioning over religiously contentious issues such as Catholic education, affect both the likelihood of existence, and partisan direction of the cleavage. Additionally, variables related to social structure, such as whether a province has separate school systems for Catholics and Protestants, provide mechanisms for reproducing these cleavages in the long term. In providing these answers, this dissertation contributes to the debate over Catholic- Protestant cleavage by shifting the analytical focus away from surveys of individuals to quantitative historical comparisons. Rather than searching for individual-level factors to control for the religious cleavage using election studies, this project considers election-level variables to explain the existence and partisan direction of cleavages. Such an approach represents a new style of explanation in this literature. Additionally, it more firmly sets the question in a comparative, rather than more parochial, setting. That is, the effects of elite strategies and social structures on the Catholic-Protestant cleavage in Canada can be viewed as an instance of the historical legacies of conflict regulation on electoral cleavages. The decisions that governments made decades ago over how to regulate Catholic-Protestant conflict (which ranged from changing the electoral system to reduce inter-religious tensions to segregating school children by religious affiliation) continue to influence how these groups divide at the ballot box today.