cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of extending intellectual property rights protection to developing countries: A case study of the Indian pharmaceutical market
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Shubham
name: Goldberg, Pinelopi K.
name: Jia, Panle
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Economics
Intellectual property

description: Under the TRIPS agreement, WTO members are required to enforce product patents for pharmaceuticals. The debate about the merits of this requirement has been and continues to be extremely contentious. Many poor developing economies claim that patent protection for pharmaceuticals will result in substantially higher prices for medicines, with adverse consequences for the health and well-being of their citizens. On the other hand, research-based global pharmaceutical companies, which claim to have lost billions of dollars because of patent infringement, argue that prices are unlikely to rise significantly because most patented products have therapeutic substitutes. In this paper we empirically investigate the basis of these claims. Central to the ongoing debate is the structure of demand for pharmaceuticals in poor economies where, because health insurance coverage is so rare, almost all medical expense are met out-of-pocket. Using a product-level data set from India, which is unique in terms of its detail and coverage, we estimate key price and expenditure elasticities and supply-side parameters for the fluoroquinolones sub-segment of the systemic anti-bacterials (i.e., antibiotics) segment of the Indian pharmaceuticals market. We then use these estimates to carry out counterfactual simulations of what prices, profits (of both domestic firms and multinational subsidiaries) and consumer welfare would have been, had the fluoroquinolone molecules we study been under patent in India as they were in the U.S. at the time. Our results suggest that concerns about the potential adverse welfare effects of TRIPS may have some basis. We estimate that in the absence of any price regulation or compulsory licensing, the total annual welfare losses to the Indian economy from the withdrawal of the four domestic product groups in the fluoroquinolone sub-segment would be on the order of U.S. $713 million, or about 118% of the sales of the entire systemic antibacterials segment in 2000. Of this amount, foregone profits of domestic producers constitute roughly $50 million (or 7%). The overwhelming portion of the total welfare loss therefore derives from the loss of consumer welfare. In contrast, the profit gains to foreign producers are estimated to be only around $57 million per year.
A Study of CAPTCHAs for Securing Web Services
Creators: name: Banday, M. Tariq
name: Shah, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.6.5; D.4.6; K.4.2

description: Atomizing various Web activities by replacing human to human interactions on the Internet has been made indispensable due to its enormous growth. However, bots also known as Web-bots which have a malicious intend and pretending to be humans pose a severe threat to various services on the Internet that implicitly assume a human interaction. Accordingly, Web service providers before allowing access to such services use various Human Interaction Proof's (HIPs) to authenticate that the user is a human and not a bot. Completely Automated Public Turing test to tell Computers and Humans Apart (CAPTCHA) is a class of HIPs tests and are based on Artificial Intelligence. These tests are easier for humans to qualify and tough for bots to simulate. Several Web services use CAPTCHAs as a defensive mechanism against automated Web-bots. In this paper, we review the existing CAPTCHA schemes that have been proposed or are being used to protect various Web services. We classify them in groups and compare them with each other in terms of security and usability. We present general method used to generate and break text-based and image-based CAPTCHAs. Further, we discuss various security and usability issues in CAPTCHA design and provide guidelines for improving their robustness and usability.
description: 9 Pages
MOESM12 of Global impact of somatic structural variation on the DNA methylome of human cancers
Creators: name: Zhang, Yiqun
name: Yang, Lixing
name: Kucherlapati, Melanie
name: Hadjipanayis, Angela
name: Pantazi, Angeliki
name: Bristow, Christopher
name: Lee, Eunjung
name: Mahadeshwar, Harshad
name: Tang, Jiabin
name: Zhang, Jianhua
name: Seth, Sahil
name: Lee, Semin
name: Ren, Xiaojia
name: Song, Xingzhi
name: Sun, Huandong
name: Seidman, Jonathan
name: Luquette, Lovelace
name: Xi, Ruibin
name: Chin, Lynda
name: Protopopov, Alexei
name: Park, Peter
name: Kucherlapati, Raju
name: Creighton, Chad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 12. Review history.
iSCAPE environmental sensing platform documentation
Creators: name: Camprodon, Guillem
name: Barberán, Víctor
name: González, Oscar
name: Smári, Viktor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Includes all the iSCAPE project work on environmental sensors, including all hardware design files and software developed. Documentation is also available as a website in docs.iscape.smartcitizen.me Another release will be published by the end of the project (August 2019) including all the final software developments and results. This work has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the grant agreement No. 689954
How much do Bank Shocks Affect Investment? Evidence from Matched Bank-Firm Loan Data
Creators: name: Amiti, Mary
name: Weinstein, David E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Economics
Banks and banking

description: We show that supply-side financial shocks have a large impact on firms’ investment. We do this by developing a new methodology to separate firm credit shocks from loan supply shocks using a vast sample of matched bank-firm lending data. We decompose loan movements in Japan for the period 1990 to 2010 into bank, firm, industry, and common shocks. The high degree of financial institution concentration means that individual banks are large relative to the size of the economy, which creates a role for granular shocks as in Gabaix (2011). As a result, idiosyncratic bank shocks—i.e., movements in bank loan supply net of borrower characteristics and general credit conditions—can have large impacts on aggregate loan supply and investment. We show that these idiosyncratic bank shocks explain 40 percent of aggregate loan and investment fluctuations.
Effects of pipeline construction on the physical and chemical properties of soils in thePPincher Creek-Crowsnest Pass area, southern Alberta
Creators: name: Hanson, Kerri-Lyn
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Pipelines--Environmental aspects--Alberta--Pincher Creek Region.
subject: Pipelines--Environmental aspects--Crowsnest Pass Region (Alta. and B.C.)
subject: Soils--Alberta--Pincher Creek Region.
subject: Soils--Crownest Pass Region (Alta. and B.C.)
subject: Reclamation of land--Alberta--Pincher Creek Region.
subject: Reclamation of land--Crowsnest Pass Region (Alta. and B. C.)

description: Bibliography: p. 92-95.
Helicity-vorticity turbulent pumping of magnetic fields in solar convection zone
Creators: name: Pipin, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of turbulent drift of a large-scale magnetic field that results from the interaction of helical convective motions and differential rotation in the solar convection zone. The principal direction of the drift corresponds to the direction of the large-scale vorticity vector. Thus, the effect produces a latitudinal transport of the large-scale magnetic field in the convective zone wherever the angular velocity has a strong radial gradient. The direction of the drift depends on the sign of helicity and it is defined by the Parker-Yoshimura rule. The analytic calculations are done within the framework of mean-field magnetohydrodynamics using the minimal τ-approximation. We estimate the magnitude of the drift velocity and find that it can be several m/s near the base of the solar convection zone. The implications of this effect for the solar dynamo are illustrated on the basis of an axisymmetric mean-field dynamo model with a subsurface shear layer. We find that the helicity--vorticity pumping effect can have an influence on the features of the sunspot time--latitude diagram, producing a fast drift of the sunspot activity maximum at the rise phase of the cycle and a slow drift at the decay phase of the cycle.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, submitted to GAFD
Additional file 1 of IMplementation and evaluation of the school-based family support PRogram a Healthy School Start to promote child health and prevent OVErweight and obesity (IMPROVE) – study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
name: Wiklund, Camilla A.
name: Norman, Åsa
name: Stattin, Nouha Saleh
name: Andermo, Susanne
name: Patterson, Emma
name: Hemmingsson, Erik
name: Cook, Clayton
name: Raposo, Sara
name: Kwak, Lydia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT checklist
Inward FDI in China and its policy context, 2012
Creators: name: Davies, Ken
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: China remains the pre-eminent recipient of inward foreign direct investment (IFDI) among developing countries. FDI flows to the country continued to rise even during and after the recent global financial and economic crises, when many multinational enterprises (MNEs) found themselves in difficulties, demonstrating the continuing popularity of China as an investment destination. Nonetheless, other developing countries, such as Indonesia and Vietnam, are starting to steal China's thunder, offering themselves as cheaper alternatives. Although FDI stock in China reached a new high of US$ 711 billion in 2011, IFDI attraction is losing its former high priority in the Government's arsenal of economic policies, especially as the focus is turned ever more sharply on promoting outward investment. Now that domestic enterprises have taken over most of the functions provided by foreign investment in the first two decades of economic reform (i.e., the 1980s and 1990s), IFDI policies are being concentrated on honing the investment attraction effort to bring in foreign investments capable of filling gaps in the country's industrial structure and helping China meet policy goals such as environmental protection and energy conservation.
Characterizing cytosolic protein quality control pathways in saccharomyces cerevisiae using temperature-sensitive model substrates
Creators: name: Khosrow-Khavar, Farzin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A large pool of proteins localizes in the cytosol of eukaryotic cells. Proteins in the cell can be misfolded due to cellular stress, mutations, and transcriptional and translational errors. Several E3 ubiquitin ligases have been shown to target misfolded cytosolic proteins for degradation by the proteasome. In this study, we characterized a panel of thermosensitive mutant proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae from six essential genes. The wild-type alleles of these thermosensitive proteins are stable at restrictive temperature. In contrast, we found that roughly half the tested alleles are significantly degraded at non-permissive temperature in a proteasome-dependent manner. These unstable alleles thus display hallmarks of protein quality control substrates. We found that degradation of mutant protein Pro3-1p, one of the unstable alleles, is dependent on the dual action of Ubr1 and San1 ubiquitin ligases. The single deletions of the ligases do not affect the stability of Pro3-1p. In contrast, double deletion of UBR1 and SAN1 leads to significant stabilization of the mutant protein. The increase in stability of Pro3-1 is associated with suppression of thermosensitive phenotype at restrictive temperature, suggesting that the depletion of the essential protein due to its degradation leads to the loss of viability at restrictive temperature.
Enveloping Sophisticated Tools into Computer-Aided Software Engineering Environments
Creators: name: Valetto, Giuseppe
name: Kaiser, Gail E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present a CASE-tool integration strategy based on enveloping pre-existing tools without source access or assuming an API or any other special capabilities on the part of the tool. This Black Box enveloping (or wrapping) idea has been around for a long time, but was previously restricted to relatively simple tools such as compilers. We describe the design and implementation of a new Black Box enveloping facility intended for sophisticated tools-often with graphical user interfaces-with particular concern for the emerging class of groupware applications.
MPEC 2025-F198 : 2025 FY11
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2025 FY11

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Sample-to-sample fluctuations of the overlap distributions in the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson spin glass
Creators: name: The Janus Collaboration
name: Baños, R. Alvarez
name: Cruz, A.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Gil-Narvion, J. M.
name: Gordillo-Guerrero, A.
name: Guidetti, M.
name: Iñiguez, D.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Monforte-Garcia, J.
name: Muñoz-Sudupe, A.
name: Navarro, D.
name: Parisi, G.
name: Perez-Gaviro, S.
name: Ricci-Tersenghi, F.
name: Ruiz-Lorenzo, J. J.
name: Schifano, S. F.
name: Seoane, B.
name: Tarancon, A.
name: Tripiccione, R.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the sample-to-sample fluctuations of the overlap probability densities from large-scale equilibrium simulations of the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson spin glass below the critical temperature. Ultrametricity, Stochastic Stability and Overlap Equivalence impose constraints on the moments of the overlap probability densities that can be tested against numerical data. We found small deviations from the Ghirlanda-Guerra predictions, which get smaller as system size increases. We also focus on the shape of the overlap distribution, comparing the numerical data to a mean-field-like prediction in which finite-size effects are taken into account by substituting delta functions with broad peaks
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; version accepted for publication on PRB and updated Refs
Additional file 2 of IMplementation and evaluation of the school-based family support PRogram a Healthy School Start to promote child health and prevent OVErweight and obesity (IMPROVE) – study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
name: Wiklund, Camilla A.
name: Norman, Åsa
name: Stattin, Nouha Saleh
name: Andermo, Susanne
name: Patterson, Emma
name: Hemmingsson, Erik
name: Cook, Clayton
name: Raposo, Sara
name: Kwak, Lydia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Implementation strategy checklist
Additional file 3 of IMplementation and evaluation of the school-based family support PRogram a Healthy School Start to promote child health and prevent OVErweight and obesity (IMPROVE) – study protocol for a cluster-randomized trial
Creators: name: Elinder, Liselotte Schäfer
name: Wiklund, Camilla A.
name: Norman, Åsa
name: Stattin, Nouha Saleh
name: Andermo, Susanne
name: Patterson, Emma
name: Hemmingsson, Erik
name: Cook, Clayton
name: Raposo, Sara
name: Kwak, Lydia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Consent form
Оптимизация массогабаритных параметров конструкций турбогенераторов с целью повышения их конкурентоспособности
Creators: name: Владимировна, Шевченко Валентина
name: Иванович, Милых Владимир
name: Николаевич, Минко Александр
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: турбогенераторы
ТГ
массогабаритные параметры
конкурентоспособность
удельная мощность
охлаждение

description: На русском: [Шевченко В.В., Милых В.И., Минко А.Н. Оптимизация массогабаритных параметров конструкций турбогенераторов с целью повышения их конкурентоспособности // Материалы 5-й межвузовской научно-технической конференции преподавателей, молодых ученых и студентов "Энерго- и ресурсосберегающие технологии при эксплуатации машин и оборудования", 11-12 декабря 2013 года, секция "Усовершенствование технологических режимов и надежность машин". - Украина, Донецк: Донецкий институт железнодорожного транспорта, 2013. - С. 42-43. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2555455]

Оптимизация массогабаритных показателей турбогенераторов (ТГ) находится в прямой связи с их конкурентоспособностью. Обсуждаются технические усовершенствования, повышающие удельную мощность ТГ, замена водородного охлаждения на воздушное и другие.

Ключевые слова: турбогенераторы, массогабаритные параметры, конкурентоспособность, удельная мощность, охлаждение.

Репозиторий НТУ "ХПИ" - открыть pdf
Additional file 5 of Highly efficient generation of sheep with a defined FecBB mutation via adenine base editing
Creators: name: Zhou, Shiwei
name: Ding, Yige
name: Liu, Jiao
name: Liu, Yao
name: Zhao, Xiaoe
name: Li, Guanwei
name: Zhang, Chenguang
name: Li, Chao
name: Wang, Ying
name: Kalds, Peter
name: Gao, Yawei
name: Zong, Bo
name: Huang, Xiaoyu
name: Huang, Shuhong
name: Yu, Honghao
name: Kou, Qifang
name: Petersen, Bjoern
name: Huang, Xingxu
name: Wang, Xiaolong
name: Ma, Baohua
name: Chen, Yulin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S4. Detection of potential off-targeted sites by Sanger sequencing in sheep fibroblasts. Five potential off-targeted sites (OT1–OT5) were predicted by Cas-OFFinder. Sanger sequencing was used to determine substitutions at predicted target sites in sheep fibroblasts.
Catastrophic Faults in Reconfigurable Linear Arrays of Processors
Creators: name: De Prisco, Roberto
name: De Santis, Alfredo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: In regular architectures of identical processing elements, a widely used technique to improve the reconfigurability of the system consists of providing redundant processing elements and mechanisms of reconfiguration. In this paper we consider linear arrays of processing elements, with unidirectional bypass links of length g. We count the number of particular sets of faulty processing elements. We show that the number of catastrophic faults of g elements is equal to the (g-1)-th Catalan number. We also provide algorithms to rank and unrank all catastrophic sets of g faults. Finally, we describe a linear time algorithm that generate all such sets of faults.
Evaluating Israel's nuclear nonproliferation policy
Creators: name: Hanley, Dylan
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2007

description: Bibliography: p. 162-177
description: Thesis Abstract Israel's nuclear nonproliferation policy has been shaped by Israel's threat perceptions, the Israeli worldview, rooted in centuries of Jewish history, the experience of the Holocaust, and the turbulent history of Israel itself. Israel has faced numerous challenges in creating a cogent, effective policy, due in large part to the many anomalies implicit in its history and gee-strategic position. Pursuing nonproliferation, Israel has favoured diplomacy where possible, but has reserved the right to military action when diplomacy is perceived to fail. However, this analysis argues that, especially in the Iranian context, military options are problematic, and possibly counter-productive. In the future, Israel would be well-served in attempting to develop a more holistic understanding of what motivates proliferation in the region. Additionally, in the face of the developing paradigm, Israel may be faced with tough choices in the event that the policy of opaque regional nuclear monopoly becomes untenable.
Polygyny and Its Discontents: Paternal Age and Human Capital Accumulation
Creators: name: Edlund, Lena
name: Lagerlöf, Nils-Petter
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Economics

description: In polygyny, the fact that some men take several wives deprives others. This crowding-out has a distinct age dimension: the remarrying men are older. In monogamy, on the other hand, men marry once and, under reasonable assumptions, when young. We study the implications of this age-heterogeneity in a two-sex overlapping generations model, where agents live for two adult periods. Men are fecund in both periods while women only in the first one. We model restrictions on polygyny as a restriction on resources that old men can devote to a new family. Such restrictions result in more women choosing young, i.e., previously unmarried, men. If young men respond to their enhanced familial role by reallocating time from leisure activities to the raising of offspring, then steady-state human capital is boosted. Our model thus captures a link from legal constraints on polygyny to economic development. We argue that the mechanism and results fit with stylized facts of polygyny over time and in the cross-section.
Electron-phonon coupling in the C60 fullerene within the many-body GW approach
Creators: name: Faber, Carina
name: Janssen, Jonathan Laflamme
name: Côté, Michel
name: Runge, E.
name: Blase, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electron-phonon coupling in the C60 fullerene within the first-principles GW approach, focusing on the lowest unoccupied t1u three-fold electronic state which is relevant for the superconducting transition in electron doped fullerides. It is shown that the strength of the coupling is significantly enhanced as compared to standard density functional theory calculations with (semi)local functionals, with a 48% increase of the electron-phonon potential Vep. The calculated GW value for the contribution from the Hg modes of 93 meV comes within 4% of the most recent experimental values. The present results call for a reinvestigation of previous density functional based calculations of electron-phonon coupling in covalent systems in general.
description: 4 pages, 0 figure
Fidelity for kicked atoms with gravity near a quantum resonance
Creators: name: Dubertrand, Rémy
name: Guarneri, Italo
name: Wimberger, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kicked atoms under a constant Stark or gravity field are investigated for experimental setups with cold and ultra cold atoms. The parametric stability of the quantum dynamics is studied using the fidelity. In the case of a quantum resonance, it is shown that the behavior of the fidelity depends on arithmetic properties of the gravity parameter. Close to a quantum resonance, the long time asymptotics of the fidelity is studied by means of a {\em pseudo-classical} approximation first introduced by Fishman {\em et al.} [J. Stat. Phys. {\bf 110}, 911 (2003)]. The long-time decay of fidelity arises from the tunneling out of pseudo-classical stable islands, and a simple ansatz is proposed which satisfactorily reproduces the main features observed in numerical simulations.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
MOESM1 of Global impact of somatic structural variation on the DNA methylome of human cancers
Creators: name: Zhang, Yiqun
name: Yang, Lixing
name: Kucherlapati, Melanie
name: Hadjipanayis, Angela
name: Pantazi, Angeliki
name: Bristow, Christopher
name: Lee, Eunjung
name: Mahadeshwar, Harshad
name: Tang, Jiabin
name: Zhang, Jianhua
name: Seth, Sahil
name: Lee, Semin
name: Ren, Xiaojia
name: Song, Xingzhi
name: Sun, Huandong
name: Seidman, Jonathan
name: Luquette, Lovelace
name: Xi, Ruibin
name: Chin, Lynda
name: Protopopov, Alexei
name: Park, Peter
name: Kucherlapati, Raju
name: Creighton, Chad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Related to Fig. 1. Batch effects correction involving RNA-seq and DNA copy number alteration (CNA) datasets. Figure S2. related to Fig. 2. Additional information regarding the top set of genes with altered expression associated with nearby SSV breakpoint by distance metric method. Figure S3. related to Fig. 2. Addition information regarding genes with altered expression associated with nearby SSV breakpoint. Figure S4. related to Fig. 3. Additional information on genes with altered expression associated with nearby SSV breakpoint according to cancer type. Figure S5. related to Fig. 4. Additional information regarding the top set of CGIs with altered methylation associated with nearby SSV breakpoint by distance metric method. Figure S6. related to Fig. 4. Additional information on CGIs with altered DNA methylation associated with nearby SSV breakpoint. Figure S7. related to Fig. 5. DNA methylation patterns by cancer type and tissue type. Figure S8. related to Fig. 6. Additional information regarding global molecular alterations associated with the overall burden of structural variation across cancers.
Magnon-driven quantum-dot heat engine
Creators: name: Sothmann, Björn
name: Büttiker, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a heat- to charge-current converter consisting of a single-level quantum dot coupled to two ferromagnetic metals and one ferromagnetic insulator held at different temperatures. We demonstrate that this nano engine can act as an optimal heat to spin-polarized charge current converter in an antiparallel geometry, while it acts as a heat to pure spin current converter in the parallel case. We discuss the maximal output power of the device and its efficiency.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, published version, selected as Editor's choice
Can Cover Crop Residues Suppress Pests and Improve Yield in Eggplant?
Creators: name: Coffey, Peter Lawson
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Entomology
subject: Agroecology
subject: Biocontrol
subject: Colorado potato beetle
subject: Cover crop
subject: Eggplant
subject: Entomology

description: Field studies were conducted over three growing seasons to investigate the effects of planting eggplant following three winter cover crop treatments on the abundance, predation, and colonization of Colorado potato beetle (Leptinotarsa decemlineata) and flea beetle (Epitrix spp.) abundance. Colorado potato beetle densities were observed to be significantly higher in the early season, and lower in the mid- and late- season when eggplant was planted into a crimson clover residue, compared with a crimson clover – rye mixture or bare ground control. Flea beetle abundance was significantly higher in treatments planted with a winter cover crop. Seedbed preparation treatments for weed control did not significantly affect pest abundance. These results contrast with previous research, raising new questions about how cover crop mixtures interact with pests, and how suppression methods influence the effects cover crops have on arthropod populations.
Die komplexen Auswirkungen des „Corona-Semesters“ auf die Lehre
Creators: name: Feucht, Tabea
name: Pistel, Kirsten-Heike
name: Reif, Cedric
name: Arnold, Henrike
Publisher: name: HINT. Heidelberg Inspirations for Innovative Teaching
Year: 2020

description: Die Corona-Pandemie machte das Sommersemester 2020 besonders herausfordernd für Studierende und Dozierende. Um herauszufinden, welche Bedeutung diese Herausforderungen für digitales Lehren und Lernen an der Universität Heidelberg haben, hat der Studierendenrat (StuRa) eine modulare Umfrage durchgeführt, die im Juni 2020 zur Teilnahme geöffnet war. Wir analysieren die Antworten der über 4.000 Teilnehmenden, um herauszufinden, welche Umstände im vergangenen Sommersemester besonders schwierig waren und welche der neuen oder experimentellen Methoden während dieses außergewöhnlichen Semesters sich als erfolgreich herausgestellt haben. Generell schien die Einfachheit und Geschwindigkeit der Kommunikation der Schlüssel zu einer positiven Wahrnehmung der Lehre zu sein, unabhängig vom exakten Veranstaltungstyp. Andererseits erschwerte insbesondere ein Mangel an gegenseitigem Feedback Optimierungsmöglichkeiten und trug zu erhöhtem Stress und Druck bei den Studierenden bei.
description: HINT. Heidelberg Inspirations for Innovative Teaching, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2020): Heidelberg Inspirations for Innovative Teaching
Effects of Salinization on Base Cation, Nutrient, Carbon, and Trace Metal Biogeochemistry in Human-Impacted Rivers in the Eastern US
Creators: name: Haq, Shahan
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hydrologic sciences
subject: Environmental science
subject: Climate change
subject: Alkalinity
subject: Carbon Cycle
subject: Emerging Contaminants
subject: Human Accelerated Weathering
subject: Salinity
subject: Urban Rivers

description: Urbanized watersheds in colder climates experience episodic salinization due to anthropogenic salt inputs and runoff from impervious surfaces. We conducted laboratory experiments and analyzed high-frequency sensor data to investigate the water quality impacts of freshwater episodic salinization across 12 watersheds draining two major metropolitan regions along the U.S. East Coast. Sediments from watersheds spanning land use gradients were incubated across a range of replicated salinity treatments (0–10 g/L sodium chloride). Our results suggested that episodic salinization can mobilize base cations, nutrients, and trace metals to streams through accelerated ion exchange and biogeochemical processes induced by shifting pH ranges and ionic strength. The response of dissolved carbon concentrations to experimental salinization varied between sites, and dissolved silica did not show any significant response. The growing impacts of freshwater salinization syndrome on nutrient mobilization, shifting acid–base status, and augmenting eutrophication warrant serious consideration in water quality management.
Sculpting oscillators with light within a nonlinear quantum fluid
Creators: name: Tosi, G.
name: Christmann, G.
name: Berloff, N. G.
name: Tsotsis, P.
name: Gao, T.
name: Hatzopoulos, Z.
name: Savvidis, P. G.
name: Baumberg, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seeing macroscopic quantum states directly remains an elusive goal. Particles with boson symmetry can condense into such quantum fluids producing rich physical phenomena as well as proven potential for interferometric devices [1-10]. However direct imaging of such quantum states is only fleetingly possible in high-vacuum ultracold atomic condensates, and not in superconductors. Recent condensation of solid state polariton quasiparticles, built from mixing semiconductor excitons with microcavity photons, offers monolithic devices capable of supporting room temperature quantum states [11-14] that exhibit superfluid behaviour [15,16]. Here we use microcavities on a semiconductor chip supporting two-dimensional polariton condensates to directly visualise the formation of a spontaneously oscillating quantum fluid. This system is created on the fly by injecting polaritons at two or more spatially-separated pump spots. Although oscillating at tuneable THz-scale frequencies, a simple optical microscope can be used to directly image their stable archetypal quantum oscillator wavefunctions in real space. The self-repulsion of polaritons provides a solid state quasiparticle that is so nonlinear as to modify its own potential. Interference in time and space reveals the condensate wavepackets arise from non-equilibrium solitons. Control of such polariton condensate wavepackets demonstrates great potential for integrated semiconductor-based condensate devices.
description: accepted in Nature Physics
Optimization of the Binding Mechanism of the Characteristic Function in Marvel
Creators: name: Bunter, Toni A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1993
Subjects: Computer science

description: The applied binding mechanism in Marvel 3.1 for the characteristic function checks all instances of a given class against the binding formula, regardless of the actual structure of the formula and its predicates. This can cause unnecessary computation overhead while executing a rule. This report displays a more advanced mechanism considering relational information between objects, the structure of the binding formula and optimizing rewriting of the binding formula.
The Market for Corporate Subsidiaries in Japan: An Empirical Study of Trades Among Listed Firms
Creators: name: Schaede, Ulrike
name: Ushijima, Tatsuo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Commerce
Finance

description: We investigate trades of wholly- or partially-owned subsidiaries between firms listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange (TSE) for the years 1996 to 2010, to explore the economic impact in terms of strategic refocusing, stock market valuation and performance effects. By pairing both sides to each deal, we show differences in firm characteristics, returns, and subsequent performance of buying and selling firms. Unlike mergers between whole firms, most subsidiary deals straddled different industries. Most sellers were larger, more diversified and less profitable than buyers. Our event study reveals that abnormal returns were positive for buyers yet insignificantly different from zero for sellers. However, subsidiary sales in the core business earned negative returns, the more so the larger the deal. An analysis of ex-post operating results shows that the performance of sellers often declined after the trade, in particular for firms that divested a core-related subsidiary. We conclude that subsidiary trades in Japan in this period contributed importantly to strategic repositioning and a more efficient use of corporate assets.
No place like home : virtual space, local places and Nocilla fictions
Creators: name: Barker, Jesse
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis is the first sustained study of a new wave of Spanish writers. Known in the press as the “Nocilla Generation”, after Agustín Fernández Mallo’s Nocilla Project trilogy, the work of these authors responds to changing relations between urban subjects, virtual spaces and local places. This study portrays a broad group of writers, but it focuses on four texts: Agustín Fernández Mallo’s Nocilla Dream, Javier Calvo’s “Una belleza rusa” [“A Russian Beauty”], Gabi Martínez’s Ático [Top Floor Apartment] and Esther García Llovet’s Coda. The new wave authors have been described as belonging to a new digital consciousness wholly shaped by audiovisual media and the Internet. I argue instead that their narrative represents an effort to assimilate global and virtual space with local and physical places. Their varied texts converge around the theme of how subjects locate themselves within a fragmented and interconnected world. They create hybrid fictional spaces where social practices and meaning are produced through a continuous negotiation of the physical and virtual realms. Within this overall theme I delineate two general tendencies. The first emphasizes the subject’s immersion in a global sphere of networked relations, portraying what Roland Robertson defines as a world space where “the local is merely a ‘micro’ manifestation of the global”. The second focuses on the subject’s relation to the particular places where this global space is manifested. However, while each text can be placed closer to one or the other conceptions, both these ideas are present to some degree in all of these narratives. This creates a persistent dialectic tension and shows the difficulty of reconciling the superimposed physical and cultural contexts that shape subjectivity in the contemporary world. What drives these narratives is the search for new subjectivities, open to the plurality of today’s interconnected and fluctuating spaces. However, the hypothetical or metaphorical character of the new fluid subjectivities presented in these fictions underlines the ambiguities involved in seeking this new way of inhabiting the world. These fictions do not present or reflect new subjectivities but rather participate in an ongoing societal dialogue about how to confront a changing cultural environment.
Tractability of Quasilinear Problems. I: General Results
Creators: name: Werschulz, Arthur G.
name: Wozniakowski, Henryk
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: The tractability of multivariate problems has usually been studied only for the approximation of linear operators. In this paper we study the tractability of quasilinear multivariate problems. That is, we wish to approximate nonlinear operators Sd (·, ·) that depend linearly on the first argument and satisfy a Lipschitz condition with respect to both arguments. Here, both arguments are functions of d variables. Many computational problems of practical importance have this form. Examples include the solution of specific Dirichlet, Neumann, and Schrödinger problems. We show, under appropriate assumptions, ¨ that quasilinear problems, whose domain spaces are equipped with product or finite-order weights, are tractable or strongly tractable in the worst case setting. This paper is the first part in a series of papers. Here, we present tractability results for quasilinear problems under general assumptions on quasilinear operators and weights. In future papers, we shall verify these assumptions for quasilinear problems such as the solution of specific Dirichlet, Neumann, and Schrödinger problems.
Better Semijoins Using Tuple Bit-Vectors
Creators: name: Li, Zhe
name: Ross, Kenneth A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: This paper presents the idea of "tuple-bit-vectors" for distributed query processing. Using tuple bit-vectors, a new two-way semijoin operator called 2SJ++ that enhances the semijoin with an essentially "free" backward reduction capability is proposed. We explore in detail the benefits and costs of 2SJ++ compared with other semijoin variants, and its effect on distributed query processing performance. We then focus on one particular distributed query processing algorithm, called the "one-shot" algorithm. We modify the one-shot algorithm by using 2SJ++ and demonstrate the improvements achieved in network transmission cost compared with the original one-shot technique. We use this improvement to demonstrate that equipped with the 2SJ++ technique, one can improve the performance of distributed query processing algorithms significantly without adding much complexity to the algorithms.
Electron spin relaxation in GaAs$_{1-x}$Bi$_x$: Effects of spin-orbit tuning by Bi incorporation
Creators: name: Tong, H.
name: Marie, X.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electron spin relaxation in $n$-type and intrinsic GaAs$_{1-x}$Bi$_x$ with Bi composition $0\le x \le 0.1$ is investigated from the microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equation approach. The incorporation of Bi is shown to markedly decrease the spin relaxation time as a consequence of the modification of the spin-orbit interaction. We demonstrate that the density and temperature dependences of spin relaxation time in GaAs$_{1-x}$Bi$_x$ resemble the ones in GaAs. Meanwhile, the Bir-Aronov-Pikus mechanism is found to be negligible compared to the D'yakonov-Perel' mechanism in intrinsic sample. Due to the absence of direct measurement of the electron effective mass in the whole compositional range under investigation, we further explore the effect of a possible variation of electron effective mass on the electron spin relaxation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Transition probability functions for inelastic electron--electron scattering
Creators: name: Löffler, Stefan
name: Schattschneider, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, the transition matrix elements for inelastic electron--electron scattering are investigated. The angular part is given by spherical harmonics. For the weighted radial wave function overlap, analytic expressions are derived in the Slater-type and the hydrogen-like orbital models. These expressions are shown to be composed of a finite sum of polynomials and elementary trigonometric functions. Hence, they are easy to use, require little computation time, and are significantly more accurate than commonly used approximations.
Additional file 1 of Meta-analysis of the association between angiotensin pathway inhibitors and COVID-19 severity and mortality
Creators: name: Fernando, Malindu E.
name: Drovandi, Aaron
name: Golledge, Jonathan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: S1: Additional Tables and Data.
Nonintegrability of an extensible conducting rod in a uniform magnetic field
Creators: name: van der Heijden, G. H. M.
name: Yagasaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium equations for an isotropic Kirchhoff rod are known to be completely integrable. It is also known that neither the effects of extensibility and shearability nor the effects of a uniform magnetic field individually break integrability. Here we show, by means of a Melnikov-type analysis, that, when combined, these effects do break integrability giving rise to spatially chaotic configurations of the rod. A previous analysis of the problem suffered from the presence of an Euler-angle singularity. Our analysis provides an example of how in a system with such a singularity a Melnikov-type technique can be applied by introducing an artificial unfolding parameter. This technique can be applied to more general problems.
Combining Neutrino Oscillation Experiments with the Feldman-Cousins Method
Creators: name: Waldron, A. V.
name: Haigh, M. D.
name: Weber, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we describe how two or more experimental results can be combined within the procedure of Feldman and Cousins, to provide combined confidence limits on the physical parameters of interest. We demonstrate the technique by combining the recent electron neutrino appearance results from T2K and MINOS. Our best fit point is sin^{2}2θ_{13} = 0.08 (0.11) and δ= 1.1 (2.0) π; in addition we exclude sin^{2}2θ_{13}=0 at 2.7 σ(2.8 σ) for the normal (inverted) neutrino mass hierarchy.
Predictive Dynamic Load Balancing of Parallel Hash-Joins over Heterogeneous Processors in the Presence of Data Skew
Creators: name: Dewan, Hasanat M.
name: Stolfo, Salvatore
name: Hernandez, Mauricio
name: Mok, Kui W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Computer science

description: In this paper, we present new algorithms to balance the computation of parallel hash joins over heterogeneous processors in the presence of data skew and external loads. Heterogeneity in our model consists of disparate computing elements, as well as general purpose computing ensembles that are subject to external loading. Data skew appears as significant nonuniformities in the distribution of attribute values of underlying relations that are involved in a join. We develop cost models and predictive dynamic load balancing protocols to detect imbalance during the computation of a single large join. Our algorithms can account for imbalance due to data skew as well as heterogeneity in the computing environment. Significant performance gains are reported for a wide range of test cases on a prototype implementation of the system.
Biologically informed matrix factorization for joint inference of gene regulatory networks and transcription factor activities
Creators: name: Micheletti, Soel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: machine learning
matrix factorization
gene regulatory networks
multi-omic integration

description: This upload contains data to reproduce the results and figures in the thesis Biologically informed matrix factorization for joint inference of gene regulatory networks and transcription factor activities. The code is publicly available on GitHub. The sources for the raw data are described in the README files and in the thesis. Acknowledgements: We build on the following resources: - Gene Regulatory Network Database (GRAND) - Netbooks - STRING DB - CIS-BP - The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) - GTEx - ReMap - hTFtarget