cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Unified Approach to Uniform Signal Recovery From Non-Linear Observations
Creators: name: Genzel, Martin
name: Stollenwerk, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent advances in quantized compressed sensing and high-dimensional estimation have shown that signal recovery is even feasible under strong non-linear distortions in the observation process. An important characteristic of associated guarantees is uniformity, i.e., recovery succeeds for an entire class of structured signals with a fixed measurement ensemble. However, despite significant results in various special cases, a general understanding of uniform recovery from non-linear observations is still missing. This paper develops a unified approach to this problem under the assumption of i.i.d. sub-Gaussian measurement vectors. Our main result shows that a simple least-squares estimator with any convex constraint can serve as a universal recovery strategy, which is outlier robust and does not require explicit knowledge of the underlying non-linearity. Based on empirical process theory, a key technical novelty is an approximative increment condition that can be implemented for all common types of non-linear models. This flexibility allows us to apply our approach to a variety of problems in non-linear compressed sensing and high-dimensional statistics, leading to several new and improved guarantees. Each of these applications is accompanied by a conceptually simple and systematic proof, which does not rely on any deeper properties of the observation model. On the other hand, known local stability properties can be incorporated into our framework in a plug-and-play manner, thereby implying near-optimal error bounds.
description: to be published in Foundations of Computational Mathematics (accepted version)
AtlFast3: The Next Generation of Fast Simulation in ATLAS
Creators: name: Aad, G
name: Abbott, B
name: Abbott, DC
name: Abud, AA
name: Abeling, K
name: Abhayasinghe, DK
name: Abidi, SH
name: Aboulhorma, A
name: Abramowicz, H
name: Abreu, H
name: Abulaiti, Y
name: Hoffman, ACA
name: Acharya, BS
name: Achkar, B
name: Adam, L
name: Bourdarios, CA
name: Adamczyk, L
name: Adamek, L
name: Addepalli, SV
name: Adelman, J
name: Adiguzel, A
name: Adorni, S
name: Adye, T
name: Affolder, AA
name: Afik, Y
name: Agapopoulou, C
name: Agaras, MN
name: Agarwala, J
name: Aggarwal, A
name: Agheorghiesei, C
name: Aguilar-Saavedra, JA
name: Ahmad, A
name: Ahmadov, F
name: Ahmed, WS
name: Ai, X
name: Aielli, G
name: Aizenberg, I
name: Akatsuka, S
name: Akbiyik, M
name: Åkesson, TPA
name: Akimov, AV
name: Khoury, KA
name: Alberghi, GL
name: Albert, J
name: Albicocco, P
name: Verzini, MJA
name: Alderweireldt, S
name: Aleksa, M
name: Aleksandrov, IN
name: Alexa, C
name: Alexopoulos, T
name: Alfonsi, A
name: Alfonsi, F
name: Alhroob, M
name: Ali, B
name: Ali, S
name: Aliev, M
name: Alimonti, G
name: Allaire, C
name: Allbrooke, BMM
name: Allport, PP
name: Aloisio, A
name: Alonso, F
name: Alpigiani, C
name: Camelia, EA
name: Estevez, MA
name: Alviggi, MG
name: Coutinho, YA
name: Ambler, A
name: Ambroz, L
name: Amelung, C
name: Amidei, D
name: Santos, SPAD
name: Amoroso, S
name: Amos, KR
name: Amrouche, CS
name: Ananiev, V
name: Anastopoulos, C
name: Andari, N
name: Andeen, T
name: Anders, JK
name: Andrean, SY
name: Andreazza, A
name: Angelidakis, S
name: Angerami, A
name: Anisenkov, AV
name: Annovi, A
name: Antel, C
name: Anthony, MT
name: Antipov, E
name: Antonelli, M
name: Antrim, DJA
name: Anulli, F
name: Aoki, M
name: Pozo, JAA
name: Aparo, MA
name: Bella, LA
name: Aranzabal, N
name: Ferraz, VA
name: Arcangeletti, C
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Original Article
Innovation in HEP software and computing for the challenges of the next decade

description: The ATLAS experiment at the Large Hadron Collider has a broad physics programme ranging from precision measurements to direct searches for new particles and new interactions, requiring ever larger and ever more accurate datasets of simulated Monte Carlo events. Detector simulation with GEANT4 is accurate but requires significant CPU resources. Over the past decade, ATLAS has developed and utilized tools that replace the most CPU-intensive component of the simulation -- the calorimeter shower simulation -- with faster simulation methods. Here, AtlFast3, the next generation of high-accuracy fast simulation in ATLAS is introduced. AtlFast3 combines parameterized approaches with machine-learning techniques and is deployed to meet current and future computing challenges and simulation needs of the ATLAS experiment. With highly accurate performance and a new ability to model substructure within jets, AtlFast3 is designed to be used to simulate large numbers of events for a wide range of physics processes.
title: Determınatıon of toxıcıty of gaseous ozone agaınst adult stages of German Cockroach (Blatella germanıca L.)
Creators: name: Güz, Uğur
name: Tunanz, Hasan
name: Er, Mehmet Kubilay
name: Işikber, Ali Arda
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: In this study, the effects of two different concentrations of ozone gas (16.7 and 33.3 mg / L) against Blatella germanica adults at different exposure times (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 minutes) were investigated under laboratory conditions. It was determined that the ozone gas had a noticeable effect on mortality of B. germanica adults. In general, ozone gas caused higher paralyisis-mortality rates of B. germanica adults than mortality rates of B.germanica adults at both concentrations and all exposure times. A concentration of 33.3 mg / L of ozone gas with 40 and 50 minute exposure times killed all cockroach adults after 24 hours. On the other hand, 16.7 mg / L concentration of ozone gas with 50 minute exposure time killed 90% of the B. germanica adults after 24 hours. When ozone gas is evaluated in terms of exposure time to B. germanica adults, the concentration of 33.3 mg / L of ozone gas with 10-20 minute exposure times caused 65 % adult mortality, with 30 minute exposure time caused 90% adult mortality and with 50 minute exposure times caused 100 % adult mortality after 24 hours. At a concentration of 16.7 mg / L of ozone gas, as the exposure times increased, the adult mortalities gradually increased after 24 hours and the adult mortality reached 90% with 50 minute exposure times. All these results show that ozone gas (33.3 mg / L) with 40-50 minute exposure times can successfully control B.germanica adults.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
title: Does the lower concentration of anticoagulants affect the efficacy of rodenticide baits?
Creators: name: Frankova, Marcela
name: Aulicky, Radek
name: Stejskal, Vaclav
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
The Use of AI for Thermal Emotion Recognition: A Review of Problems and Limitations in Standard Design and Data
Creators: name: Ordun, Catherine
name: Raff, Edward
name: Purushotham, Sanjay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the increased attention on thermal imagery for Covid-19 screening, the public sector may believe there are new opportunities to exploit thermal as a modality for computer vision and AI. Thermal physiology research has been ongoing since the late nineties. This research lies at the intersections of medicine, psychology, machine learning, optics, and affective computing. We will review the known factors of thermal vs. RGB imaging for facial emotion recognition. But we also propose that thermal imagery may provide a semi-anonymous modality for computer vision, over RGB, which has been plagued by misuse in facial recognition. However, the transition to adopting thermal imagery as a source for any human-centered AI task is not easy and relies on the availability of high fidelity data sources across multiple demographics and thorough validation. This paper takes the reader on a short review of machine learning in thermal FER and the limitations of collecting and developing thermal FER data for AI training. Our motivation is to provide an introductory overview into recent advances for thermal FER and stimulate conversation about the limitations in current datasets.
description: Presented at AAAI FSS-20: Artificial Intelligence in Government and Public Sector, Washington, DC, USA
Optimal Bayesian design for model discrimination via classification.
Creators: name: Hainy, Markus
name: Price, David J
name: Restif, Olivier
name: Drovandi, Christopher
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
Approximate Bayesian computation
Bayesian model selection
Classification and regression tree
Continuous-time Markov process
Random forest
Simulation-based Bayesian experimental design

description: Performing optimal Bayesian design for discriminating between competing models is computationally intensive as it involves estimating posterior model probabilities for thousands of simulated data sets. This issue is compounded further when the likelihood functions for the rival models are computationally expensive. A new approach using supervised classification methods is developed to perform Bayesian optimal model discrimination design. This approach requires considerably fewer simulations from the candidate models than previous approaches using approximate Bayesian computation. Further, it is easy to assess the performance of the optimal design through the misclassification error rate. The approach is particularly useful in the presence of models with intractable likelihoods but can also provide computational advantages when the likelihoods are manageable. Supplementary Information: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s11222-022-10078-2.
The Dark Side of $θ_{13}$, $δ_{CP}$, Leptogenesis and Inflation in Type-I Seesaw
Creators: name: Huang, Wei-Chih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the type-I seesaw mechanism, it is known that $θ_{13}$ is zero and leptogenesis can not be realized if there exists a residual flavor symmetry resulting in the Tri-Bimaximal neutrino mixing pattern. We propose a simple framework where additional particles, odd under a $Z_2$ symmetry, break the residual flavor symmetry and the lightest of the $Z_2$ odd particles is the dark matter candidate. As as result, nonzero $θ_{13}$, $δ_{CP}$, leptogenesis and the correct dark matter density can be accommodated. On the other hand, a $Z_2$ odd scalar can play the role of the inflaton with mass of $10^{13}$ GeV motivated by the recent BICEP2 results. Interestingly, the model can "generate" $δ_{CP} \simeq -π/2$, preferred by the T2K experiment in the normal hierarchy neutrino mass spectrum.
description: 23 pages, 8 Figures and 5 Tables. v3: a toy A4 flavor model provided, version accepted by JHEP
title: Australia’s Grains Farm Biosecurity Program – a national initiative in plant biosecurity awareness, education and best management practice.
Creators: name: Taylor-Hukins, Rachel
name: Bellati, Judy
name: McIntyre, Kym
name: Moran, Jim
name: Russel, Jeff
name: Gale, David
name: Taylor, Sharyn
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Sound biosecurity systems contribute to achieving sustainable agricultural and environmental systems, reducing the threat of introducing unwanted pests and supporting food safety and product integrity. Within Australia, the Grains Farm Biosecurity Program (GFBP) is a national initiative to assist in the development and implementation of improved biosecurity practice within its grain industry. Initiated in 2007, the extension focused program contributes to the industry’s risk mitigation activities, supports continued market access and promotes a partnership approach involving governments, industry and community. The program is funded through grower levies in partnership with state government agencies and Plant Health Australia.
Using a variety of community engagement strategies, the GFBP has developed a wide range of tools to improve the management of and preparedness for, biosecurity risks in the Australian grains industry at the farm and industry level by highlighting risk pathways and activities throughout the supply chain and encouraging adoption of practices and strategies to mitigate risks. The GFPB also promotes and conducts surveillance for high priority pests especially in on-farm storage. Evaluations indicate an increased awareness of biosecurity risks, industry capacity and voluntary adoption of biosecurity best practices throughout the sector.
The GFBP focus on biosecurity best practice through industry engagement has seen it contribute to safeguarding and maintaining Australia’s export reputation, with the program recently winning a national biosecurity award.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Taxonomy for Social Network Data Types from the Viewpoint of Privacy and User Control
Creators: name: Richthammer, Christian
name: Netter, Michael
name: Riesner, Moritz
name: Pernul, Günther
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Online Social Networks, Taxonomy, Privacy, Data Types, Social Identity Management, Classification
subject: 004 Informatik

description: The growing relevance and usage intensity of Online Social Networks (OSNs) along with the accumulation of a large amount of user data has led to privacy concerns among researchers and end users. Despite a large body of research addressing OSN privacy issues, little differentiation of data types on social network sites is made and a generally accepted classification and terminology for such data is missing, hence leading to confusion in related discussions. This paper proposes a taxonomy for data types on OSNs based on a thorough literature analysis and a conceptualization of typical OSN user activities. It aims at clarifying discussions among researchers, benefiting comparisons of data types within and across OSNs and at educating the end user about characteristics and implications of OSN data types. The taxonomy is evaluated by applying it to four major OSNs.
Preprints: Supporting viable and sustainable open infrastructure for preprints
Creators: name: Dunks, Richard
name: Penfold, Naomi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open infrastructure
preprints
publishing

description: Slides from a November 2022 presentation on Preprints: Supporting viable and sustainable open infrastructure for preprints at the IOI Funders Summit by Naomi Penfold and Richard Dunks from Invest in Open Infrastructure. Video recording: https://youtu.be/xKiC9LrDgn4. More information about the Summit: https://hackmd.io/@investinopen/Funders-Summit-2022
description: Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/.
Additional file 1 of For, against, and beyond: healthcare professionals’ positions on Medical Assistance in Dying in Spain
Creators: name: Parra Jounou, Iris
name: Triviño-Caballero, Rosana
name: Cruz-Piqueras, Maite
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1.
Therapeutic efficacy of GDNF loaded collagen scaffolds in organotypic brain slices with rotenone-induced Parkinson´s disease
Creators: name: Ucar, Buket
name: Schwarz, Alina
name: Humpel, Christian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Parkinson´s disease
Glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor
collagen scaffold

description: In this poster we described our study that aims to test the neuroprotective effects of trophic glial cell-line derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) encapsulated in collagen scaffolds on dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra (SN) and ventral tegmental area with an ex vivo model. We used organotypic brain vibrosections from wild type postnatal day 9-11 mice and evaluate the survival of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) positive dopaminergic neurons by immunohistochemistry, as well as qRT-PCR and Western Blotting. Collagen scaffolds crosslinked with polyethyleneglycol had a good release profile of GDNF and could be applied directly onto the brain slices.We established that the pesticide rotenone caused selective degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in SN, providing a good model to study PD in such slices. GDNF in the culture media significantly prevented toxic effects of rotenone.
Limits on the Curie temperature of (III,Mn)V ferromagnetic semiconductors
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: König, Jürgen
name: Hsiu-Hau, Lin
name: MacDonald, A. H.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Mean-field-theory predicts that the Curie temperature Tc of a (III,Mn)V ferromagnet will be proportional to the valence band density-of-states of its host (III,V) semiconductor, suggesting a route toward room-temperature ferromagnetism in this materials class. In this letter, we use theoretical estimates of spin-wave energies and Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate that long-wavelength collective fluctuations, neglected by mean-field theory, will limit the critical temperature in large density-of-states materials. We discuss implications for high Tc searches.
The universal six-functor formalism
Creators: name: Drew, Brad
name: Gallauer, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that Morel-Voevodsky's stable $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy theory affords the universal coefficient system, giving rise to Grothendieck's six operations.
description: 50 pages; v2: new introduction, other minor changes; v3: accepted version; v4: corrects a small mistake in published version
title: A commercial method of controlling bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) using CO₂ in dwellings
Creators: name: Navarro, Hagit
name: Navarro, Shlomo
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: As a result of withdrawing residual insecticides such as organophosphates and carbamates throughout the world, infestation in Cimex lectularius has been dramatically increased in recent years. The ability of this pest to starve for three months and its flattened shape of body enables it to hide in tiny holes/cracks or folds, making it difficult to control. Therefore, as a complementary action, fumigating products like textile products and furniture within the dwellings became a practice in Israel. After the conventional treatment of stripping the room, vacuuming, steaming the mattresses and then spraying with a Pyrethroid – a novel method was developed; instead of steaming the mattress and dry cleaning all textile clothes and products, fumigating all movable furniture and textile products with CO2 inside the dwellings. Based on several scientific papers on the efficacy of CO2 on the bedbugs, this method has been successfully implemented in Israel. All textile products are inserted into a sealed, low permeability fumigation cube for three days of exposure time at room temperature to reach a calculated concentration of 100% CO2. Since textile products absorb some of the CO2, the concentrations quickly drops to about 80%. During the summer of 2017, numerous treatments have been carried out with a 100% success and repeated treatments were not required. This treatment has proved to be a promising method of controlling C. lectularius with no need for evacuation of the residents and saving money and efforts in dry cleaning cloths and textile products. It is highly effective against all life stages of the pest.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Microscopic magnetic modeling for the $S$=1/2 alternating chain compounds Na$_3$Cu$_2$SbO$_6$ and Na$_2$Cu$_2$TeO$_6$
Creators: name: Schmitt, M.
name: Janson, O.
name: Golbs, S.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Schnelle, W.
name: Richter, J.
name: Rosner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin-1/2 alternating Heisenberg chain system Na$_3$Cu$_2$SbO$_6$ features two relevant exchange couplings: $J_{1a}$ within the structural Cu$_2$O$_6$ dimers and $J_{1b}$ between the dimers. Motivated by the controversially discussed nature of $J_{1a}$, we perform extensive density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations, including DFT+$U$ and hybrid functionals. Fits to the experimental magnetic susceptibility using high-temperature series expansions and quantum Monte Carlo simulations yield the optimal parameters $J_{1a}$ = $-$217 K and $J_{1b}$ = 174 K with the alternation ratio $α= J_{1a}/J_{1b} \simeq$ $-$1.25. For the closely related system Na$_2$Cu$_2$TeO$_6$, DFT yields substantially enhanced $J_{1b}$, but weaker $J_{1a}$. The comparative analysis renders the buckling of the chains as the key parameter altering the magnetic coupling regime. Numerical simulation of the dispersion relations of the alternating chain model clarify why both antiferromagnetic and ferrromagnetic $J_{1a}$ can reproduce the experimental magnetic susceptibility data.
description: published version: 11 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables + Supplemental material
A Reduced Order Cut Finite Element method for geometrically parameterized steady and unsteady Navier-Stokes problems
Creators: name: Karatzas, Efthymios N.
name: Nonino, Monica
name: Ballarin, Francesco
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work focuses on steady and unsteady Navier-Stokes equations in a reduced order modeling framework. The methodology proposed is based on a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition within a levelset geometry description and the problems of interest are discretized with an unfitted mesh Finite Element Method. We construct and investigate a unified and geometry independent reduced basis which overcomes many barriers and complications of the past, that may occur whenever geometrical morphings are taking place. By employing a geometry independent reduced basis, we are able to avoid remeshing and transformation to reference configurations, and we are able to handle complex geometries. This combination of a fixed background mesh in a fixed extended background geometry with reduced order techniques appears beneficial and advantageous in many industrial and engineering applications, which could not be resolved efficiently in the past.
A non-intrusive data-driven ROM framework for hemodynamics problems
Creators: name: Girfoglio, M.
name: Scandurra, L.
name: Ballarin, F.
name: Infantino, G.
name: Nicolò, F.
name: Montalto, A.
name: Rozza, G.
name: Scrofani, R.
name: Comisso, M.
name: Musumeci, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 78M34, 97N40, 35Q35

description: Reduced order modeling (ROM) techniques are numerical methods that approximate the solution of parametric partial differential equation (PDE) by properly combining the high-fidelity solutions of the problem obtained for several configurations, i.e. for several properly chosen values of the physical/geometrical parameters characterizing the problem. In this contribution, we propose an efficient non-intrusive data-driven framework involving ROM techniques in computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for hemodynamics applications. By starting from a database of high-fidelity solutions related to a certain values of the parameters, we apply the proper orthogonal decomposition with interpolation (PODI) and then reconstruct the variables of interest for new values of the parameters, i.e. different values from the ones included in the database. Furthermore, we present a preliminary web application through which one can run the ROM with a very user-friendly approach, without the need of having expertise in the numerical analysis and scientific computing field. The case study we have chosen to test the efficiency of our algorithm is represented by the aortic blood flow pattern in presence of a Left Ventricular Assist Device (LVAD) when varying the pump flow rate.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2007.03527
Quantum Correlations in Systems of Indistinguishable Particles
Creators: name: Eckert, K.
name: Schliemann, John
name: Bruss, D.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We discuss quantum correlations in systems of indistinguishable particles in relation to entanglement in composite quantum systems consisting of well separated subsystems. Our studies are motivated by recent experiments and theoretical investigations on quantum dots and neutral atoms in microtraps as tools for quantum information processing. We present analogies between distinguishable particles, bosons, and fermions in low-dimensional Hilbert spaces. We introduce the notion of Slater rank for pure states of pairs of fermions and bosons in analogy to the Schmidt rank for pairs of distinguishable particles. This concept is generalized to mixed states and provides a correlation measure for indistinguishable particles. Then we generalize these notions to pure fermionic and bosonic states in higher-dimensional Hilbert spaces and also to the multi-particle case. We review the results on quantum correlations in mixed fermionic states and discuss the concept of fermionic Slater witnesses. Then the theory of quantum correlations in mixed bosonic states and of bosonic Slater witnesses is formulated. In both cases we provide methods of constructing optimal Slater witnesses that detect the degree of quantum correlations in mixed fermionic and bosonic states.
3.5 keV X-rays as the "21 cm line" of dark atoms, and a link to light sterile neutrinos
Creators: name: Cline, James M.
name: Farzan, Yasaman
name: Liu, Zuowei
name: Moore, Guy D.
name: Xue, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered 3.5 keV X-ray line from extragalactic sources may be evidence of dark matter scatterings or decays. We show that dark atoms can be the source of the emission, through their hyperfine transitions, which would be the analog of 21 cm radiation from a dark sector. We identify two families of dark atom models that match the X-ray observations and are consistent with other constraints. In the first, the hyperfine excited state is long-lived compared to the age of the universe, and the dark atom mass is relatively unconstrained; dark atoms could be strongly self-interacting in this case. In the second, the excited state is short-lived and viable models are parameterized by the value of the dark proton-to-electron mass ratio $R$: for $R = 10^2-10^4$, the dark atom mass is predicted be in the range $350-1300$ GeV, with fine structure constant $α'\cong 0.1-0.6$. In either class of models, the dark photon must be massive with $m_{γ'} \gtrsim$ 1 MeV and decay into $e^+ e^-$. Evidence for the model could come from direct detection of the dark atoms. In a natural extension of this framework, the dark photon could decay predominantly into invisible particles, for example $\sim 0.5$ eV sterile neutrinos, explaining the extra radiation degree of freedom recently suggested by data from BICEP2, while remaining compatible with BBN.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure; v.2: added references, published version, except v.2 includes improved fig. 1
Additional file 1 of A systematic review and meta-analysis of the association of all types of beverages high in fructose with asthma in children and adolescents
Creators: name: Keshavarz, Fatemeh
name: Zeinalabedini, Mobina
name: Ebrahimpour-Koujan, Soraiya
name: Azadbakht, Leila
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Supplementary Material 1
A family of nonlinear difference equations: existence, uniqueness, and asymptotic behavior of positive solutions
Creators: name: Alsulami, Saud M.
name: Nevai, Paul
name: Szabados, József
name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 39A22, 65Q10, 65Q30

description: We study solutions $(x_n)_{n \in \mathbb{N}}$ of nonhomogeneous nonlinear second order difference equations of the type $\ell_n = x_n ( σ_{n,1} x_{n+1} + σ_{n,0} x_n + σ_{n,-1} x_{n-1} ) + κ_n x_n$, with given initial data $x_0 \in \mathbb{R}$, $x_1 \in \mathbb{R}^+$ where $(\ell_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+$, $(σ_{n,0})_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+$ and $(κ_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}$ and the left and right $σ$-coefficients satisfy either $(σ_{n,1})_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+$ and $(σ_{n,-1})_{n\in \mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+$ or $(σ_{n,1})_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+_0$ and $(σ_{n,-1})_{n\in\mathbb{N}} \in \mathbb{R}^+_0$. Depending on one's standpoint, such equations originate either from orthogonal polynomials associated with certain Shohat-Freud-type exponential weight functions or from Painlevé's discrete equation $\#1$.
description: Titled has changed (previously: Nonlinear difference equations, I: existence, uniqueness, and asymptotic behavior of positive solutions)
Electron spin dynamics in quantum dots and related nanostructures due to hyperfine interaction with nuclei
Creators: name: Schliemann, John
name: Khaetskii, Alexander
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We review and summarize recent theoretical and experimental work on electron spin dynamics in quantum dots and related nanostructures due to hyperfine interaction with surrounding nuclear spins. This topic is of particular interest with respect to several proposals for quantum information processing in solid state systems. Specifically, we investigate the hyperfine interaction of an electron spin confined in a quantum dot in an s-type conduction band with the nuclear spins in the dot. This interaction is proportional to the square modulus of the electron wavefunction at the location of each nucleus leading to an inhomogeneous coupling, i.e. nuclei in different locations are coupled with different strengths. In the case of an initially fully polarized nuclear spin system an exact analytical solution for the spin dynamics can be found. For not completely polarized nuclei, approximation-free results can only be obtained numerically in sufficiently small systems. We compare these exact results with findings from several approximation strategies.
title: Mycotoxin prevalence in stored animal feeds and ingredients in Rwanda
Creators: name: Nishimwe, Kizito
name: Bowers, Erin
name: De Dieu Ayabagabo, Jean
name: Habimana, Richard
name: Mutiga, Samuel
name: Maier, Dirk E.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Aflatoxins and fumonisins are fungi metabolites produced when climate conditions are favorable. They contaminate feed ingredients when storage conditions are unfavorable. Aflatoxins and fumonisins have a negative impact on animal health and productivity. Humans are indirectly exposed to mycotoxins when they consume contaminated animal source foods from livestock fed contaminated feeds. A total of 3328 feed samples were collected in all 30 district of Rwanda between March and October 2017. Four categories of participants participated in the study (dairy farmers, poultry farmers, feed processors/grain millers, and feed vendors). Feed samples were highly contaminated with aflatoxins but not fumonisins. Average aflatoxin levels were highest in dairy feeds (108.3 µg/kg) followed by poultry feed (103.81 µg/kg). Average aflatoxin levels were lowest in samples from feed vendors (88.64 µg/kg) compared to samples from feed processors (94.95 µg/kg). This study documents high levels of aflatoxin contamination in feed samples, and recommends year-round surveillance of feed ingredients and mixed feeds for mycotoxin presence. Additionally, more awareness through communication and education needs to be raised among stakeholders in the evolving feed value chain in Rwanda to mitigate the consequences of mycotoxin contamination on public health and animal produtivity.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
A conceptual view on human as a pharmaceutical production factory
Creators: name: Amiri-Ardekani, Ehsan
name: Tabeii, Seyed Ziiaodin
name: Morowvat, Mohammad Hossein
name: Abdolali Mohagheghzadeh
name: Gholami, Ahmad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111504 Pharmaceutical Sciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Evidences from the complex and unknown structure of the human body is evident that according to the conditions the body, it can release the necessary substances and restore the condition of the body to a balanced state. Researchers believe in a form of integrated relationship in the human body called spirito-psycho-neuro-endocrino-immune theory, in which the intention and recognition plays a key role. What is neglected is the uniqueness of human and the neglect of the difference between human and other living beings, that is result of intention and cognition. The tool of thinking is brain, and can help human beings know his deficits and try to solve them. Intention can affect neurons, neuronal systems and the production of different substances; nevertheless, endogenous compounds such as hormones, interleukins, mediators and endorphins are isolated from the body and are introduced as drugs. The production of these compounds varies from person to person and depends on factors such as lifestyle and individual's mental state. If endogenous compounds, be produced in quantities less than or greater than required amount, can cause illness and impairment of the internal organs. In the present world, chronic diseases are the main causes of mortality in humans, and modern medicine has had less success with these diseases. The common solution to these diseases is the use of drugs to resolve the complications of the disease; On the other hand, human being is now highly dependent on synthetic drugs, and the effect of increasing intention of human is neglected on healthy lifestyle and spirituality. Briefly humans play the lowest role in their health and treatment. The resemblance of the human body to pharmaceutical companies encouraged us to create an integrated view on human and determine the place of the factors affecting it, which results in creating a new look on health and treatment. This study is done to design a conceptual framework for the drug like endogenous substances, determining the position of healthy lifestyle on the production of endogenous drugs, creating a new paradigm in terms of health, and identifying the position of intention in the production of compounds in the body. This study examines the effects of the environment on the environment and their role in health through the use of library and meta-analytical methods of articles; On the other hand, the factors influencing individual differences such as lifestyle, spirituality, and morality that affect this system will be extracted. Finally, an integrated conceptual map about production of endogenous drug materials by the body and the role of various factors are presented.
Class-incremental Learning with Pre-allocated Fixed Classifiers
Creators: name: Pernici, Federico
name: Bruni, Matteo
name: Baecchi, Claudio
name: Turchini, Francesco
name: Del Bimbo, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In class-incremental learning, a learning agent faces a stream of data with the goal of learning new classes while not forgetting previous ones. Neural networks are known to suffer under this setting, as they forget previously acquired knowledge. To address this problem, effective methods exploit past data stored in an episodic memory while expanding the final classifier nodes to accommodate the new classes. In this work, we substitute the expanding classifier with a novel fixed classifier in which a number of pre-allocated output nodes are subject to the classification loss right from the beginning of the learning phase. Contrarily to the standard expanding classifier, this allows: (a) the output nodes of future unseen classes to firstly see negative samples since the beginning of learning together with the positive samples that incrementally arrive; (b) to learn features that do not change their geometric configuration as novel classes are incorporated in the learning model. Experiments with public datasets show that the proposed approach is as effective as the expanding classifier while exhibiting novel intriguing properties of the internal feature representation that are otherwise not-existent. Our ablation study on pre-allocating a large number of classes further validates the approach.
description: ICPR 2021 (figure and typos fixed)
Driving bifurcating parametrized nonlinear PDEs by optimal control strategies: application to Navier-Stokes equations with model order reduction
Creators: name: Pichi, Federico
name: Strazzullo, Maria
name: Ballarin, Francesco
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 49J20, 65P30

description: This work deals with optimal control problems as a strategy to drive bifurcating solution of nonlinear parametrized partial differential equations towards a desired branch. Indeed, for these governing equations, multiple solution configurations can arise from the same parametric instance. We thus aim at describing how optimal control allows to change the solution profile and the stability of state solution branches. First of all, a general framework for nonlinear optimal control problem is presented in order to reconstruct each branch of optimal solutions, discussing in detail the stability properties of the obtained controlled solutions. Then, we apply the proposed framework to several optimal control problems governed by bifurcating Navier-Stokes equations in a sudden-expansion channel, describing the qualitative and quantitative effect of the control over a pitchfork bifurcation, and commenting in detail the stability eigenvalue analysis of the controlled state. Finally, we propose reduced order modeling as a tool to efficiently and reliably solve parametric stability analysis of such optimal control systems, which can be challenging to perform with standard discretization techniques such as Finite Element Method.
title: Development of sensitive polyclonal antibodies against dominant stored wheat grain fungus for its immunological detection
Creators: name: Kumari, Rajana
name: Gosch, Ananta K.
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Fungal infestation causes deterioration of stored food grains. Most fungal species produce secondary metabolites like aflatoxins which are highly toxic to animals and humans. Aspergillus flavus has been found to be the predominant contaminant in stored wheat grains collected from the godowns of Food Corporation of India, West Bengal. The present study focuses on the development of sensitive polyclonal antibodies (PAbs) for molecular immunological detection of dominant toxigenic fungus. Pure A. flavus isolate was cultured on coconut agar media and its spores were harvested and inactivated by 4% formaldehyde. The inactivated spores were injected into a rabbit along with Freund’s complete/incomplete adjuvant for the development of PAbs. Specificity of the raised antibodies in rabbit serum was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using spore proteins as antigen obtained by bead beating method. Out of several proteins (ranging from 10 to 200 kDa present in spore, only two prominent proteins of around 76 kDa and 100 kDa were detected by western blot analysis using raised polyclonal antiserum. The PAbs were purified with protein A column followed by spore proteins conjugated CNBr activated sepharose column for its use in the detection of fungal antigens. This highly purified raised antibody can be used for the development of rapid, sensitive, and accurate techniques (such as dot blot/ELISA) for the detection of toxigenic fungi present in stored wheat grains.
description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Towards collective, evidence-based investments in open infrastructure
Creators: name: Thaney, Kaitlin
name: Hernandez, Tania
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: open infrastructure
scholarly communication
sustainability

description: Slides from a November 2022 presentation on the movement towards collective, evidence-based investments in open infrastructure at the IOI Funders Summit by Kaitlin Thaney and Tania Hernandez from Invest in Open Infrastructure. Video recording: https://youtu.be/vWFNAkoP3Es. More information about the Summit: https://hackmd.io/@investinopen/Funders-Summit-2022
description: Additional information about how our work is funded can be found here: https://investinopen.org/about/how-were-funded/
(Re-)Inventing the Relativistic Wheel: Gravity, Cosets, and Spinning Objects
Creators: name: Delacretaz, Luca V.
name: Endlich, Solomon
name: Monin, Alexander
name: Penco, Riccardo
name: Riva, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space-time symmetries are a crucial ingredient of any theoretical model in physics. Unlike internal symmetries, which may or may not be gauged and/or spontaneously broken, space-time symmetries do not admit any ambiguity: they are gauged by gravity, and any conceivable physical system (other than the vacuum) is bound to break at least some of them. Motivated by this observation, we study how to couple gravity with the Goldstone fields that non-linearly realize spontaneously broken space-time symmetries. This can be done in complete generality by weakly gauging the Poincare symmetry group in the context of the coset construction. To illustrate the power of this method, we consider three kinds of physical systems coupled to gravity: superfluids, relativistic membranes embedded in a higher dimensional space, and rotating point-like objects. This last system is of particular importance as it can be used to model spinning astrophysical objects like neutron stars and black holes. Our approach provides a systematic and unambiguous parametrization of the degrees of freedom of these systems.
description: 30 pages
title: Smallholder farmers’ perceptions of aflatoxins in maize in kamuli district, Uganda
Creators: name: Barnes, Rachael
name: Brumm, Thomas
name: Maier, Dirk E.
name: Chopra, Shweta
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2018

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv, Nr. 463, Vol. 2 (2018): Proceedings of the 12th International Working Conference on Stored Product Protection (IWCSPP) in Berlin, Germany, October 7-11, 2018
Space-time POD-Galerkin approach for parametric flow control
Creators: name: Ballarin, Francesco
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
name: Strazzullo, Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this contribution we propose reduced order methods to fast and reliably solve parametrized optimal control problems governed by time dependent nonlinear partial differential equations. Our goal is to provide a tool to deal with the time evolution of several nonlinear optimality systems in many-query context, where a system must be analysed for various physical and geometrical features. Optimal control can be used in order to fill the gap between collected data and mathematical model and it is usually related to very time consuming activities: inverse problems, statistics, etc. Standard discretization techniques may lead to unbearable simulations for real applications. We aim at showing how reduced order modelling can solve this issue. We rely on a space-time POD-Galerkin reduction in order to solve the optimal control problem in a low dimensional reduced space in a fast way for several parametric instances. The proposed algorithm is validated with a numerical test based on environmental sciences: a reduced optimal control problem governed by viscous Shallow Waters Equations parametrized not only in the physics features, but also in the geometrical ones. We will show how the reduced model can be useful in order to recover desired velocity and height profiles more rapidly with respect to the standard simulation, not losing accuracy.
Interleukin-2 receptor antagonists for pediatric liver transplant recipients: A systematic review and meta-analysis of controlled studies
Creators: name: Crins, Nicola D.
name: Röver, Christian
name: Goralczyk, Armin D.
name: Friede, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Interleukin-2 receptor antagonists (IL-2RA) are frequently used as induction therapy in liver transplant recipients to decrease the risk of acute rejection while allowing the reduction of concomitant immunosuppression. The exact association with the use of IL-2RA however is uncertain. We performed a systematic literature search for relevant studies. Random effects models were used to assess the incidence of acute rejection, steroid-resistant rejection, graft loss, patient death, and adverse drug reaction, with or without IL-2RA. Six studies (2 randomized and 4 nonrandomized) met the elegibility criteria. Acute rejection at 6 months or later favored the use of IL-2RA significantly (relative risk (RR) 0.38; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.22-0.66, p = 0.0005). Although not statistically significant, IL-2RA showed a substantial reduction of the risk of steroid-resistant rejection (RR 0.32; CI 0.19-1.03, p = 0.0594). Graft loss and patient death showed a reductive tendency through the use of IL-2RA. The use of IL-2RA is safe and is associated with a statistically significantly lower incidence of acute rejection after transplantation and substantial reduction of steroid-resistant rejection, graft loss and patient death.
description: 18 pages, 3 tables, 3 figures