cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Electronic Thermal Transport Measurement in Low-Dimensional Materials with Graphene Nonlocal Noise Thermometry
Creators: name: Waissman, Jonah
name: Anderson, Laurel E.
name: Talanov, Artem V.
name: Yan, Zhongying
name: Shin, Young J.
name: Najafabadi, Danial H.
name: Rezaee, Mehdi
name: Feng, Xiaowen
name: Nocera, Daniel G.
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Skinner, Brian
name: Matveev, Konstantin A.
name: Kim, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In low-dimensional systems, the combination of reduced dimensionality, strong interactions, and topology has led to a growing number of many-body quantum phenomena. Thermal transport, which is sensitive to all energy-carrying degrees of freedom, provides a discriminating probe of emergent excitations in quantum materials and devices. However, thermal transport measurements in low dimensions are dominated by the phonon contribution of the lattice, requiring an experimental approach to isolate the electronic thermal conductance. Here, we show how the measurement of nonlocal voltage fluctuations in a multiterminal device can reveal the electronic heat transported across a mesoscopic bridge made of low-dimensional materials. By using 2-dimensional graphene as a noise thermometer, we demonstrate quantitative electronic thermal conductance measurements of graphene and carbon nanotubes up to 70 K, achieving a precision of ~1% of the thermal conductance quantum at 5 K. Employing linear and nonlinear thermal transport, we observe signatures of long-range interaction-mediated energy transport in 1-dimensional electron systems, in agreement with a theoretical model. Our versatile nonlocal noise thermometry allows new experiments probing energy transport in emergent states of matter and devices in low dimensions.
description: Authors' revision. Main text: 11 pages, 4 figures. Supplementary information: 26 pages, 11 figures. Methods and references included. Published in Nature Nanotechnology
Food Safety, Market Power and Private Standards: An Analysis of the Emerging Strategies of Food Operators
Creators: name: Charlier, Christophe
name: Valceschini, Egizio
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: private standards; food safety; operators responsibility

description: Together with expected implications on food safety, the European Regulation 178/2002 has important consequences shaping the agrifood sector.
This regulation gives latitude to operators in front of specific food safety objectives and promotes self-control.
Private standards are a way of addressing this problem. The paper shows that as soon as producers and retailers have different private standards, a problem of coordination among operators has to be solved. This coordination is important for the sanitary aims but involves strategic aspects too. The coordination problem is tougher when the standards developed by producers and retailers can be considered as two substitutes, even if each operators considers that a coordination of their practices shall be reached.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
Quantum computation via translation-invariant operations on a chain of qubits
Creators: name: Raussendorf, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A scheme of universal quantum computation on a chain of qubits is described that does not require local control. All the required operations, an Ising-type interaction and spatially uniform simultaneous one-qubit gates, are translation-invariant.
description: Comment after Eq. (2) inserted, journal version
Beyond the Hubble Sequence -- Exploring Galaxy Morphology with Unsupervised Machine Learning
Creators: name: Cheng, Ting-Yun
name: Huertas-Company, Marc
name: Conselice, Christopher J.
name: Aragón-Salamanca, Alfonso
name: Robertson, Brant E.
name: Ramachandra, Nesar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore unsupervised machine learning for galaxy morphology analyses using a combination of feature extraction with a vector-quantised variational autoencoder (VQ-VAE) and hierarchical clustering (HC). We propose a new methodology that includes: (1) consideration of the clustering performance simultaneously when learning features from images; (2) allowing for various distance thresholds within the HC algorithm; (3) using the galaxy orientation to determine the number of clusters. This setup provides 27 clusters created with this unsupervised learning which we show are well separated based on galaxy shape and structure (e.g., Sérsic index, concentration, asymmetry, Gini coefficient). These resulting clusters also correlate well with physical properties such as the colour-magnitude diagram, and span the range of scaling-relations such as mass vs. size amongst the different machine-defined clusters. When we merge these multiple clusters into two large preliminary clusters to provide a binary classification, an accuracy of $\sim87\%$ is reached using an imbalanced dataset, matching real galaxy distributions, which includes 22.7\% early-type galaxies and 77.3\% late-type galaxies. Comparing the given clusters with classic Hubble types (ellipticals, lenticulars, early spirals, late spirals, and irregulars), we show that there is an intrinsic vagueness in visual classification systems, in particular galaxies with transitional features such as lenticulars and early spirals. Based on this, the main result in this work is not how well our unsupervised method matches visual classifications and physical properties, but that the method provides an independent classification that may be more physically meaningful than any visually based ones.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Wegener-Fueter, Hildburg: Kirche und Ökumene
Creators: name: Frieling, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
Spectrum of $π$-electrons in Graphene As a Macromolecule
Creators: name: Malysheva, Lyuba
name: Onipko, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the exact solution of spectral problem for a graphene sheet framed by two armchair- and two zigzag-shaped boundaries. The solution is found for the $π$ electron Hamiltonian and gives, in particular, a closed analytic expression of edge-state energies in graphene. It is shown that the lower symmetry of graphene, in comparison with $C_{6h}$ of 2D graphite, has a profound effect on the graphene band structure. This and other obtained results have far going implications for the understanding of graphene electronics. Some of them are briefly discussed.
description: Revised in connection with publication in PRL, editing
The Role of Consumer Acceptance in the Food Innovation Process: Young Consumer Perception of Functional Foods in Italy
Creators: name: Del Giudice, Teresa
name: Pascucci, Stefano
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: functional foods; consumer acceptance; ordered probit; Italy

description: This paper analysed the factors influencing the acceptance of functional foods (FFs) of three distinct groups of young Italian consumers. We implemented an ordered probit model based on data collected in a field survey carried out in southern Italy in 2008. The results showed that different sources of information and knowledge (e.g. the internet, newspapers and universities), judgements and motivations (e.g. taste and health effects credibility) are key elements in the acceptance of FFs. This implies the need to identify highly differentiated communication and marketing strategies for both public agencies and private firms in order to promote FF consumption.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
title: Устойчивые словесные комплексы в политической публицистике советского периода
Creators: name: Батулина, Анна
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: Статья посвящена устойчивым словесным комплексам. В качестве материала исследования выбран текст мемуаров известного советского журналиста А.Е. Бовина, включающий архивные документы. За основу принимается «узкая» трактовка термина фразеология, в соответствии с которой к устойчивым словесным комплексам относятся выполняющие номинативную функцию неидиоматичные устойчивые и воспроизводимые в текстах определенного стиля сочетания. Рассматриваются две группы названных сочетаний, различающихся механизмом фразообразования: устойчивые словесные комплексы, содержащие компонент в лексически связанном значении и устойчивые сочетания, «несвобода» которых обусловлена узуальностилистическими факторами – закрепленностью за текстами определенного стиля / жанра. Выявлены специфические признаки каждой из выделенных групп, связанные со способностью выражать эмоционально-оценочное содержание и характером стилистической маркированности. Показана зависимость эмоциональнооценочного содержания устойчивых сочетаний от наличия в их составе компонента со связанным значением.
Solving Arithmetic Word Problems by Scoring Equations with Recursive Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zaporojets, Klim
name: Bekoulis, Giannis
name: Deleu, Johannes
name: Demeester, Thomas
name: Develder, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Solving arithmetic word problems is a cornerstone task in assessing language understanding and reasoning capabilities in NLP systems. Recent works use automatic extraction and ranking of candidate solution equations providing the answer to arithmetic word problems. In this work, we explore novel approaches to score such candidate solution equations using tree-structured recursive neural network (Tree-RNN) configurations. The advantage of this Tree-RNN approach over using more established sequential representations, is that it can naturally capture the structure of the equations. Our proposed method consists of transforming the mathematical expression of the equation into an expression tree. Further, we encode this tree into a Tree-RNN by using different Tree-LSTM architectures. Experimental results show that our proposed method (i) improves overall performance with more than 3% accuracy points compared to previous state-of-the-art, and with over 15% points on a subset of problems that require more complex reasoning, and (ii) outperforms sequential LSTMs by 4% accuracy points on such more complex problems.
Conditional probabilities in the quantum cosmology of Ponzano-Regge theory
Creators: name: Petryk, Roman J.W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: We examine the discrete Ponzano-Regge formulation of (2+1)-dimensional gravity in the context of a consistent histories approach to quantum cosmology. We consider 2- dimensional boundaries of a 3-dimensional spacetime. The 2-dimensional boundaries are tessellated as the surface of a single tetrahedron. Two classes of the tetrahedral tessellation are considered—the completely isotropic tetrahedron and the two-parameter anisotropic tetrahedron. Using Ponzano-Regge wavefunctions, we calculate expectation values and uncertainties for the edge lengths of these tetrahedra. In doing so, we observe finite size effects in the expectation values and uncertainties when the calculations fail to constrain the space of histories accessible to the system. There is, however, an indication that the geometries of the tetrahedra (as quantified by the ratios of their edge lengths) freeze out with increasing cutoff. Conversely, cutoff invariance is observed in our calculations provided the space of histories is constrained by an appropriate fixing of the tetrahedral edge lengths. It is thus suggested that physically meaningful results regarding the early state of our universe can be obtained providing we formulate the problem in a careful manner. A few of the difficulties inherent in quantum cosmology are thereby addressed in this study of an exactly calculable theory.
A learning-based mathematical programming formulation for the automatic configuration of optimization solvers
Creators: name: Iommazzo, Gabriele
name: D'Ambrosio, Claudia
name: Frangioni, Antonio
name: Liberti, Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a methodology, based on machine learning and optimization, for selecting a solver configuration for a given instance. First, we employ a set of solved instances and configurations in order to learn a performance function of the solver. Secondly, we formulate a mixed-integer nonlinear program where the objective/constraints explicitly encode the learnt information, and which we solve, upon the arrival of an unknown instance, to find the best solver configuration for that instance, based on the performance function. The main novelty of our approach lies in the fact that the configuration set search problem is formulated as a mathematical program, which allows us to a) enforce hard dependence and compatibility constraints on the configurations, and b) solve it efficiently with off-the-shelf optimization tools.
Early nonlinear regime of MHD internal modes: the resistive case
Creators: name: Firpo, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the critical layer analysis, involved in the linear theory of internal modes, can be extended continuously into the early nonlinear regime. For the m=1 resistive mode, the dynamical analysis involves two small parameters: the inverse of the magnetic Reynolds number S and the m=1 mode amplitude A, that measures the amount of nonlinearities in the system. The location of the instantaneous critical layer and the dominant dynamical equations inside it are evaluated self-consistently, as A increases and crosses some S-dependent thresholds. A special emphasis is put on the influence of the initial q-profile on the early nonlinear behavior. Predictions are given for a family of q-profiles, including the important low shear case, and shown to be consistent with recent experimental observations.
Horizontal and Vertical Networks for Innovation in the Traditional Food Sector
Creators: name: Gellynck, Xavier
name: Kühne, Bianka
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2010
Subjects: horizontal and vertical networks; traditional food products; innovation; focus groups; in‐depth interviews

description: The locus of innovation is not the individual firm anymore but increasingly the network in which the firm is embedded. Hence, in this paper innovation is investigated in the broader context of networks and applied to the traditional food sector. Networking refers to a process of identifying and acting on complementary interests with or without formal means of cooperation and plays an important role for the diffusion and adoption of innovations, because they increase the flow of information. Two main types of networks exist. Vertical networks relate to cooperation of partners belonging to the same chain. Meanwhile, horizontal networks refer to coopereation among firms which are primarily competitors. Data were collected during focus groups and in-depths interviews in three European contries: Belgium, Hungary, and Italy.
In each country, data are collected from retailers/wholesalers, food manufacturers and suppliers in the beer, hard and half hard cheese, ham, sausage, or white paprika chain. In the investigated countries both vertical and horizontal networks exist. However, the intensity of using the network differs. On the one hand vertical networks are well developed based on quality assurance schemes and traceability, though these networks often face difficulties due to high lack of trust. On the other hand, horizontal networks are well developed when a producer consortium is involved. However, these networks can be inhibited through strong competition. The partners in traditional food networks focus mainly on innovation related to product characteristics such as new size, form and packaging without changing the traditional character of the product. The main barriers for innovation in the traditional food networks are the lack of understanding the benefits of networking activities for innovation, the lack of trust, the lack of knowledge of appropriate methods and skills, and the lack of financial and physical resources. Our study points out that successful SMEs use their networks to overcome lacks of knowledge and information and to create possibilities of joint use of resources.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 1, No 2 (2010)
Tourism, Economic Expansion and Poverty in Nicaragua: Investigating Cointegration and Causal Relations
Creators: name: Vanegas Sr., Manuel
name: Croes, Robertico
name: Vanegas Sr., Manuel
name: Croes, Robertico
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Development

description: This study examines the causal relationship between tourism expansion, economic growth and poverty for the Nicaraguan economy. Using co-integration and causality tests, the study’s results lend support to the proposition that tourism has a significant positive impact on Nicaragua’s economic expansion and development. With the knowledge from the output test, the study uses a regression analysis to test the hypothesis that income growth and tourism development would lead to a decline in the proportion of people below the poverty line. The paper presents arguments in support of the proposition that tourism, as a source of economic growth and development, offers a convincing case for the use of policy instruments focused to drive a tourism-based economy or tourism programs. It discusses its potential to stimulate further research designed to have the best available estimates of tourism impacts on variables such as economic growth and poverty.
description: Replaced with revised version of paper 09/10/07.
A generalized Hartle-Hawking wavefunction
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: Herczeg, Gabriel
name: Magueijo, Joao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hartle-Hawking wave function is known to be the Fourier dual of the Chern-Simons or Kodama state reduced to mini-superspace, using an integration contour covering the whole real line. But since the Chern-Simons state is a general solution of the Hamiltonian constraint (with a given ordering), its Fourier dual should provide the general solution (i.e. beyond mini-superspace) of the Wheeler DeWitt equation representing the Hamiltonian constraint in the metric representation. We write down a formal expression for such a wave function, to be seen as the generalization beyond mini-superspace of the Hartle-Hawking wave function. Its explicit evaluation (or simplification) depends only on the symmetries of the problem, and we illustrate the procedure with anisotropic Bianchi models and with the Kantowski-Sachs model. A significant difference of this approach is that we may leave the torsion inside the wave functions when we set up the ansatz for the connection, rather than setting it to zero before quantization. This allows for quantum fluctuations in the torsion, with far reaching consequences.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, journal version
Another convex combination of product states for the separable Werner state
Creators: name: Azuma, Hiroo
name: Ban, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we write down the separable Werner state in a two-qubit system explicitly as a convex combination of product states, which is different from the convex combination obtained by Wootters' method. The Werner state in a two-qubit system has a single real parameter and varies from inseparable state to separable state according to the value of its parameter. We derive a hidden variable model that is induced by our decomposed form for the separable Werner state. From our explicit form of the convex combination of product states, we understand the following: The critical point of the parameter for separability of the Werner state comes from positivity of local density operators of the qubits.
description: 7 pages, Latex2e; v2: 9 pages, title changed, an appendix and a reference added, minor corrections
A Planetary System with an Escaping Mars
Creators: name: Süli, Áron
name: Dvorak, Rudolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chaotic behaviour of the motion of the planets in our Solar System is well established. In this work to model a hypothetical extrasolar planetary system our Solar System was modified in such a way that we replaced the Earth by a more massive planet and let the other planets and all the orbital elements unchanged. The major result of former numerical experiments with a modified Solar System was the appearance of a chaotic window at $κ_E \in (4,6)$, where the dynamical state of the system was highly chaotic and even the body with the smallest mass escaped in some cases. On the contrary for very large values of the mass of the Earth, even greater than that of Jupiter regular dynamical behaviour was observed. In this paper the investigations are extended to the complete Solar System and showed, that this chaotic window does still exist. Tests in different 'Solar Systems' clarified that including only Jupiter and Saturn with their actual masses together with a more 'massive' Earth ($4 < κ_E < 6$) perturbs the orbit of Mars so that it can even be ejected from the system. Using the results of the Laplace-Lagrange secular theory we found secular resonances acting between the motions of the nodes of Mars, Jupiter and Saturn. These secular resonances give rise to strong chaos, which is the cause of the appearance of the instability window.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, submitted to Astronomische Nachrichten
Highway Construction in Windblown Silts of Western Kentucky
Creators: name: Deen, Robert C.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: It has been shown that engineering experience and performance histories of earthwork structures and foundations in distinctive physiographic regions provide valuable insights applicable to the planning and construction of future projects. Geologic information further categorizes earth materials on the basis of parent material and geologic processes which modify the rock and soil masses. A knowledge of the resulting topographic expression or landforms and reference to geologic and soils information contained in surveys, reports, and maps is particularly useful in the early stages of planning and site selection. When sufficient information is available, regional units may be recognized for the purpose of delineating engineering behavior of the earth materials. Such regional approaches have been demonstrated to be valid for the State of Kentucky in recognizing certain areas which are potentially hazardous with the regard to landslides and engineering performance of soils.
Mixed‐Valence Single‐Atom Catalyst Derived from Functionalized Graphene
Creators: name: Kumar, Pawan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30201 Bioinorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30401 Biologically Active Molecules
subject: 30404 Cheminformatics and Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationships
subject: 30602 Chemical Thermodynamics and Energetics
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 30603 Colloid and Surface Chemistry
subject: Computational Chemistry
subject: 30102 Electroanalytical Chemistry
subject: Crystallography
subject: 30604 Electrochemistry

description: Single‐atom catalysts (SACs) aim at bridging the gap between homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysis. The challenge is the development of materials with ligands enabling coordination of metal atoms in different valence states, and preventing leaching or nanoparticle formation. Graphene functionalized with nitrile groups (cyanographene) is herein employed for the robust coordination of Cu(II) ions, which are partially reduced to Cu(I) due to graphene‐induced charge transfer. Inspired by nature's selection of Cu(I) in enzymes for oxygen activation, this 2D mixed‐valence SAC performs flawlessly in two O2‐mediated reactions: the oxidative coupling of amines and the oxidation of benzylic CH bonds toward high‐value pharmaceutical synthons.
Optimal National policies towards multinationals when local regions can choose between firm-specific and non-firm-specific policies
Creators: name: Parcero, Osiris Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This paper looks at a country's optimal central-government optimal policy in a setting where its two identical local jurisdictions compete to attract footloose multinationals to their sites, and where the considered multinationals strictly prefer this country to the rest of the world. For the sake of realism the model allows the local jurisdictions to choose between firm-specific and non-firm-specific policies. We show that the implementation of the jurisdictional firm-specific policy is weakly welfare dominant. Hence the frequent calls for the central government to ban the former type of policies go against the advice of this paper.
description: Pages 26, 3 tables, 1 figure
Research Relating to State Highway Laws
Creators: name: Havens, James H.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Transportation Center, University of Kentucky
Year: 1967
Subjects: subject: Transportation Engineering

description: The Department's study began late in 1962 and was undertaken as a review and analysis of the main body of highway law; but, of course, any subsequential objectives--stated or implied-remained contingent upon and would become a natural consequence of the first-mentioned type of inquiry and the improbablity of discovery. Undoubtedly, the Department was influenced by and was under inducement of the Bureau of Public Roads in this undertaking, The review-and-analysis phase was accomplished, in part, by the School of Law, University of Louisville, acting under contract (CH119 36, dated November 15, 1962) which was subsequently dissolved (9-30-63); a draft report issued therefrom (October 1963) and remains the principal instrument of the study. Subsequent phases, as originally proposed, were suspended-thereby rendering intangible any accrual of direct benefits gained from the review and analysis. Nevertheless, the summary, which follows, reflects implied, emergent, and perhaps latent, influences of the study.
Gaßmann, Günther: Konzeption der Einheit in der Bewegung für Glauben und Kirchenverfassung 1910-1937
Creators: name: Frieling, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 28 Nr. 4 (1979): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 28, Heft 4
A $w-M$ phantom transition at $z_t<0.1$ as a resolution of the Hubble tension
Creators: name: Alestas, George
name: Kazantzidis, Lavrentios
name: Perivolaropoulos, Leandros
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A rapid phantom transition of the dark energy equation of state parameter $w$ at a transition redshift $z_t<0.1$ of the form $w(z)=-1+Δw\;Θ(z_t-z)$ with $Δw<0$ can lead to a higher value of the Hubble constant while closely mimicking a Planck18/$Λ$CDM form of the comoving distance $r(z)=\int_0^z\frac{dz'}{H(z')}$ for $z>z_t$. Such a transition however would imply a significantly lower value of the SnIa absolute magnitude $M$ than the value $M_C$ imposed by local Cepheid calibrators at $z<0.01$. Thus, in order to resolve the $H_0$ tension it would need to be accompanied by a similar transition in the value of the SnIa absolute magnitude $M$ as $M(z)=M_C+ΔM \;Θ(z-z_t)$ with $ΔM<0$. This is a Late $w-M$ phantom transition ($LwMPT$). It may be achieved by a sudden reduction of the value of the normalized effective Newton constant $μ=G_{\rm{eff}}/G_{\rm{N}}$ by about $6\%$ assuming that the absolute luminosity of SnIa is proportional to the Chandrasekhar mass which varies as $μ^{-3/2}$. We demonstrate that such an ultra low $z$ abrupt feature of $w-M$ provides a better fit to cosmological data compared to smooth late time deformations of $H(z)$ that also address the Hubble tension. For $z_t=0.02$ we find $Δw\simeq -4$, $ΔM \simeq -0.1$. This model also addresses the growth tension due to the predicted lower value of $μ$ at $z>z_t$. A prior of $Δw=0$ (no $w$ transition) can still resolve the $H_0$ tension with a larger amplitude $M$ transition with $ΔM\simeq -0.2$ at $z_t\simeq 0.01$. This implies a larger reduction of $μ$ for $z>0.01$ (about $12\%$). The $LwMPT$ can be generically induced by a scalar field non-minimally coupled to gravity with no need of a screening mechanism since in this model $μ=1$ at $z<0.01$.
description: 14 pages, 9 Figures. Accepted in Physical Review D (to appear). Typos corrected, a new figure and references added. The Mathematica files used for the construction of the figures may be downloaded from https://github.com/GeorgeAlestas/LwMPT
After Doha: Evolution or Revolution in the Trading System?
Creators: name: Hufbauer, Gary
name: Pischedda, Costantino
name: Hufbauer, Gary
name: Pischedda, Costantino
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: We forecast a six-month extension of the Trade Promotion Authority, until December 2007, so that the Doha Development Round can be brought to a conclusion. With an extension of TPA, we expect shallow results will be achieved in the DDR during the rest of 2007, with many of the negative consequences described in our first scenario. To keep the WTO in the game and to keep hope alive, we predict that, at the end of DDR negotiations, WTO ministers will announce a series of plurilateral talks for particular sectors – e.g., zero-for-zero tariffs for selected manufactured goods, continued talks on Mode 2 for selected service sectors, and additional coverage of the government procurement code.
How many dark energy parameters?
Creators: name: Linder, Eric V.
name: Huterer, Dragan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For exploring the physics behind the accelerating universe a crucial question is how much we can learn about the dynamics through next generation cosmological experiments. For example, in defining the dark energy behavior through an effective equation of state, how many parameters can we realistically expect to tightly constrain? Through both general and specific examples (including new parametrizations and principal component analysis) we argue that the answer is 42 - no, wait, two. Cosmological parameter analyses involving a measure of the equation of state value at some epoch (e.g. w_0) and a measure of the change in equation of state (e.g. w') are therefore realistic in projecting dark energy parameter constraints. More elaborate parametrizations could have some uses (e.g. testing for bias or comparison with model features), but do not lead to accurately measured dark energy parameters.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Entrepreneurial Intention and UAE Youth: Unique Influencers of Entrepreneurial Intentions in an Emerging Country Context
Creators: name: Saiqal, N. Y. Al
name: Ryabn, James. C.
name: Parcero, Osiris Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a young, oil-rich country, where national youth display a clear preference for public sector employment. Growing youth unemployment reinforces the importance of non-government employment, including entrepreneurship. This study investigates UAE national youth intentions towards entrepreneurship through the Theory of Planned Behavior and the Entrepreneurial Intention Questionnaire (EIQ). Analysis (N=544) identifies the direct influence of attitude and perceived behavioral control, and indirect influence of subjective norms on entrepreneurship intention. Results also examine several demographic variables and highlight the potential importance of family and social groups in promoting entrepreneurial intentions in this emerging country context.
description: Pages 33, 4 tables, 3 figure
The Trade Policy Jungle: A Survival Guide for Academic Economists
Creators: name: Evenett, Simon J.
name: Evenett, Simon J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The rules of the trade policy arena differ from those in academia. How can an economic researcher survive, let alone thrive, in what may appear to be a trade policy jungle? The purpose of this paper is not just to offer guidance in this respect but also to think through the factors that determine the supply and demand for timely, relevant policy-relevant insights into commercial policy matters. Understanding the latter provides much of the rationale for the former. Advice follows analysis, as it should do. Economic researchers have certain advantages that they can make immediate use of in the jungle and maybe some baggage that they would do well to shed.
title: Идиоматичность и синонимичность (на материале русских существительных)
Creators: name: Белов, Вадим
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2021

description: В статье рассматривается вариативность устойчивых сочетаний и фразеологизмов в аспекте взаимозаменяемости синонимов. В Московской семантической традиции устойчивые сочетания называются фраземами, в составе которых выделяются идиомы, коллокации и квазифраземы. Актуальность исследования связана с тем, что в языке существует большое количество сочетаний с разной степенью устойчивости, которые ограничивают возможность синонимических замен. Исследование основывается, вопервых, на применении специальных статистических показателей – мер ассоциативности MI (Mutual Information), Dice, устанавливающих степень устойчивости сочетания; вовторых, на результатах эксперимента по выбору синонимов в высказывании, где испытуемые (215 человек) выбирали синоним, наиболее подходящий контексту. Для эксперимента из Национального корпуса русского языка были отобраны 56 высказываний, содержащие сочетания с разной степенью устойчивости.
Food Aid as Surplus Disposal? The WTO, Export Competition Disciplines and the Disposition of Food Aid
Creators: name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
name: Fridfinnson, Brooke
name: Rude, James
name: Cardwell, Ryan T.
name: Fridfinnson, Brooke
name: Rude, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The empirical investigation suggests that there exists an endogenous relationship between subsidy/credit shipments and food aid for wheat in the US. The empirical VAR demonstrates a contemporaneous increase in food aid shipments as alternative vents constrict. This result suggests that a trade agreement that disciplines export subsidies and credits may put upward pressure on food aid shipments as agricultural exporters vent the pressure of their domestic surpluses. The empirical results suggest that in the US wheat market the effects are not large. The same phenomenon has been noted in the case of skim milk powder by Margulis; skim milk powder would provide another interesting empirical case, were the data available.
Bulk from boundary in finite CFT by means of pivotal module categories
Creators: name: Fuchs, Jürgen
name: Schweigert, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present explicit mathematical structures that allow for the reconstruction of the field content of a full local conformal field theory from its boundary fields. Our framework is the one of modular tensor categories, without requiring semisimplicity, and thus covers in particular finite rigid logarithmic conformal field theories. We assume that the boundary data are described by a pivotal module category over the modular tensor category, which ensures that the algebras of boundary fields are Frobenius algebras. Bulk fields and, more generally, defect fields inserted on defect lines, are given by internal natural transformations between the functors that label the types of defect lines. We use the theory of internal natural transformations to identify candidates for operator products of defect fields (of which there are two types, either along a single defect line, or accompanied by the fusion of two defect lines), and for bulk-boundary OPEs. We show that the so obtained OPEs pass various consistency conditions, including in particular all genus-zero constraints in Lewellen's list.
description: 38 pages. version 2: typos corrected, convention on half-braiding harmonized, a few other minor changes, bibliography updated
Musical Haptics: Introduction
Creators: name: Papetti, Stefano
name: Saitis, Charalampos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Multimodal
Audio-Haptic Feedback
Human-Computer Interaction
Material Discrimination
Music
Vibration
Haptics
Music Performance
Multisensory Perception

description: This chapter introduces to the concept of musical haptics, its scope, aims, challenges, as well as its relevance and impact for general haptics and human–computer interaction. A brief summary of subsequent chapters is given.
description: + ID: 561651 + Serientitel: Springer Series on Touch and Haptic Systems
Outgassing rate comparison of seven geometrically similar vacuum chambers of different materials and heat treatments
Creators: name: Fedchak, James A.
name: Scherschligt, Julia K.
name: Avdiaj, Sefer
name: Barker, Daniel S.
name: Eckel, Stephen P.
name: Bowers, Ben
name: OConnell, Scott
name: Henderson, Perry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the water and hydrogen outgassing rates of seven vacuum chambers of identical geometry but constructed of different materials and heat treatments. Chambers of five different materials were tested: 304L, 316L, and 316LN stainless steels; titanium (ASTM grade 2); and 6061 aluminum. In addition, chambers constructed of 316L and 316LN stainless steel were subjected to a vacuum-fire process, where they were heated to approximately 950 °C for 24 hours while under vacuum; these two chambers are designated as 316L-XHV and 316LN-XHV. All chambers were of identical geometry and made by the same manufacturer, thus a relative comparison of the outgassing rates among these chambers can be made. Water outgassing rates were measured as a function of time using the throughput technique. The water outgassing results for the 316L, 316LN, 316L-XHV, 316LN-XHV were all similar, but lower than those of 304L by a factor of 3 to 5 lower at 10^4 s. The water outgassing results for Ti and Al chambers were close to that of 304L, Ti being slightly lower. Hydrogen outgassing rates were measured using the rate-of-rise method and performed after a low-temperature bake of 125 °C to 150 °C for a minimum of 72 hours. The Ti, Al, 316L-XHV, and 316LN-XHV chambers all have specific outgassing rates below 1 X 10^-11 Pa L s^-1 cm^-2 and are at least a factor of 100 or better than the 304L chamber. The 304L, 316L, and 316LN chambers without vacuum-fire heat treatment have larger hydrogen outgassing rates than the other chambers, with specific outgassing rates ranging between 4.0 X 10^-11 Pa L s^-1 cm^-2 and 8.0 X 10^-11 Pa L s^-1 cm^-2. We conclude that Ti, Al, 316L-XHV, and 316LN-XHV have hydrogen outgassing rates that make them excellent choices for ultra-high vacuum (UHV) and extreme-high vacuum (XHV) applications, the choice depending on cost and other material properties.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables The following article has been submitted the Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B. This article may be downloaded for personal use only. Any other use requires prior permission of the author and AIP Publishing. This article appeared in Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology B 39, 024201 (2021) and may be found at https://doi.org/10.1116/6.0000657
New Integrable System of 2dim Fermions from Strings on AdS_5 x S^5
Creators: name: Alday, L. F.
name: Arutyunov, G.
name: Frolov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider classical superstrings propagating on AdS_5 x S^5 space-time. We consistently truncate the superstring equations of motion to the so-called su(1|1) sector. By fixing the uniform gauge we show that physical excitations in this sector are described by two complex fermionic degrees of freedom and we obtain the corresponding Lagrangian. Remarkably, this Lagrangian can be cast in a two-dimensional Lorentz-invariant form. The kinetic part of the Lagrangian induces a non-trivial Poisson structure while the Hamiltonian is just the one of the massive Dirac fermion. We find a change of variables which brings the Poisson structure to the canonical form but makes the Hamiltonian nontrivial. The Hamiltonian is derived as an exact function of two parameters: the total S^5 angular momentum J and string tension λ; it is a polynomial in 1/J and in \sqrt{λ'} where λ'=\fracλ{J^2} is the effective BMN coupling. We identify the string states dual to the gauge theory operators from the closed su(1|1) sector of N=4 SYM and show that the corresponding near-plane wave energy shift computed from our Hamiltonian perfectly agrees with that recently found in the literature. Finally we show that the Hamiltonian is integrable by explicitly constructing the corresponding Lax representation.
description: 35 pages;v2:typos corrected, references added
Global Dynamical Evolution of the ISM in Star Forming Galaxies - I. High Resolution 3D HD and MHD Simulations: Effect of the Magnetic Field
Creators: name: de Avillez, Miguel A.
name: Breitschwerdt, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In star forming disk galaxies, matter circulation between stars and the interstellar gas, and, in particular the energy input by random and clustered supernova explosions, determine the dynamical and chemical evolution of the ISM, and hence of the galaxy as a whole. Using a 3D MHD code with adaptive mesh refinement developed for this purpose, we have investigated the rôle of magnetized matter circulation between the gaseous disk and the surrounding galactic halo. Special emphasis has been put on the effect of the magnetic field with respect to the volume and mass fractions of the different ISM ``phases'', the relative importance of ram, thermal and magnetic pressures, and whether the field can prevent matter transport from the disk into the halo. The simulations were performed on a grid with an area of 1 kpc$^{2}$, centered on the solar circle, extending $\pm 10$ kpc perpendicular to the galactic disk with a resolution as high as 1.25 pc. The simulations were run for a time scale of 400 Myr, sufficiently long to avoid memory effects of the initial setup, and to allow for a global dynamical equilibrium to be reached in case of a constant energy input rate. (...) We find that in general gas transport into the halo in 3D is not prevented by an initial disk parallel magnetic field, but only delayed initially, for as long as it is needed to punch holes into the thick magnetized gas disk. The mean volume filling factor of the hot phase in the disk is similar in HD and MHD (the latter with a total field strength of 4.4 $μ$G) runs, amounting to $\sim 17-21%$ for the Galactic supernova rate.
description: Paper accepted for publication in A&A (31 Jan); 17 pages with 10 Figures including 6 images and 16 plots (all in low quality jpeg files). For better resolution images contact the authors
Multiparticle Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Glinka, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fock space quantization of Hamiltonian constraints of General Relativity and thermodynamics of quantum states for flat Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker metrics is presented.
description: Notation was simplified, and gramatical errors was corrected. 6 pages in AIP latex format, submitted to Proceedings volume of Ninth International Symposium Frontiers of Fundamental and Computational Physics, Udine University, Udine, Italy and The International Center for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy, January 7-9, 2008
"Graceful" Old Inflation
Creators: name: Di Marco, Fabrizio
name: Notari, Alessio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Inflation in a False Vacuum becomes viable in the presence of a spectator scalar field non minimally coupled to gravity. The field is unstable in this background, it grows exponentially and slows down the pure de Sitter phase itself, allowing then fast tunneling to a true vacuum. We compute the constraint from graceful exit through bubble nucleation and the spectrum of cosmological perturbations.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Middle Management in Agriculture: Roles, Functions, and Practices
Creators: name: Bitsch, Vera
name: Yakura, Elaine K.
name: Bitsch, Vera
name: Yakura, Elaine K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Case study research method
subject: grounded theory
subject: human resource management (HRM) practices
subject: middle manager
subject: supervisor
subject: supervisory function

description: The role of middle managers in agriculture and agribusiness has been neglected by applied - as well as disciplinary - research, while gaining increasing importance in practice. This study provides an overview of middle management research and analyzes middle managers' authority in human resource decision-making and human resource management practices based on in-depth interviews analyzed through a grounded theory approach. Results show that these middle managers use both traditional and participative management practices to accomplish organizational goals, but would benefit from training tailored to their industry and specific needs.