cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Female Adolescent Role Models and Body Image
Creators: name: Funk, Tracy L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: This study primarily examined the relationship between role model choices and body image of female adolescents. More specifically this study sought to examine the relationship between the reasons that adolescent females give for choosing a role model and body image. Because body image dissatisfaction has been found to be associated with self-esteem and eating disorders such as anorexia and bulimia nervosa, these variables also were investigated. Body image was examined by using two measures of the body image construct· the Figure Rating Scale and the Multidimensional Body-Self Relations Questionnaire (MBSRQ). Both were used in order to capture a greater portion of the body image construct, as well as to examine possible differences between the measures.
Eating disordered behaviors were measured using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26) and self-esteem was measured with the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). Participants were asked to list one role model within their family and one role model outside of their family, and to list why they selected those specific people as their role models. Role models were coded based upon the reasons provided by participants. Those who listed physical reasons such as "she has a good body," "she is beautiful ," or "she is skinny" were coded as "Group 1 - Physical," and those who chose all other reasons were labeled "Group 2- Non-physical." Females, ages 13-15 and 18-23, voluntarily participated in this study. The majority participated in exchange for extra credit in specific courses at their freshman center or university A prepared packet (including consent forms, instructions, and questionnaire) was sent home with willing participants to fill out and return. In total, 159 packets were returned.
Statistical analyses indicated that body image is highly correlated with eating disordered behaviors and low self-esteem. Those scoring high on the measure of eating disordered behaviors (EAT-26) had, on average, even lower self-esteem as indicated by scores on the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES). However, statistically significant differences between body image and reasons for choosing a role model {physical vs. non-physical) appeared only on weight and/or shape-related aspects of the body image measures. It is not known whether differences between type of role model and body image occurred due to actual weight I Body Mass Index (BMI), or if those with greater weight and/or shape-related concerns chose more physical role models. Age differences among participants appeared on type of role model chosen. with the younger participants, ages 13-15, choosing more role models based upon physical characteristics than those ages 18-23. However, no differences were found between age of participant and level of body 1mage.
title: Mehr Souveränität in der Sprachförderung im Fach mit SCHULWÄRTS!: Ein Bericht aus der Praxis
Creators: name: Semyonova, Anastassiya
name: Trutz, Tobias
name: Waag, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Das Goethe-Institut hat 2015 ein zentrales, stipendienbasiertes Programm zur Vermittlung von kurzzeitigen Schulpraktika für Lehramtsstudierende und junge Lehrkräfte an vom Goethe-Institut betreuten Schulen im Ausland mit dem Fokus auf Studierende der MINT-Fächer aufgelegt (https://www.goethe.de/schulwaerts). Das Ziel des Praktikums besteht darin, die Förderung der durch das Goethe-Institut betreuten Schulen im Ausland nachhaltiger zu gestalten und die Internationalisierung der deutschen Lehrerausbildung zu unterstützen. Gefördert wird SCHULWÄRTS! durch das Auswärtige Amt sowie die Praktikumsaufenthalte in China und der Türkei durch die Stiftung Mercator. Bewerben können sich deutschlandweit Lehramtsstudierende aller Studienformen und -gänge, Referendare und junge Lehrkräfte aller Fächerkombinationen und Schulformen. Eine wissenschaftlich fundierte Evaluation wird durchgeführt und anschließend veröffentlicht. Folglich kann zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt nur auf subjektive Erfahrungen der SCHULWÄRTS!-Stipendiaten zurückgegriffen werden. Dieser Artikel gibt einen Einblick in die Programm- und Seminarstrukturen von SCHULWÄRTS! und fungiert als Praxisbericht.
Combining coded signals with arbitrary modulations in orthogonal relay channels
Creators: name: Djeumou, Brice
name: Lasaulce, Samson
name: Berthet, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a relay channel for which the following assumptions are made. (1) The source-destination and relay-destination channels are orthogonal (frequency division relay channel). (2) The relay implements the decode-and-forward protocol. (3) The source and relay implement the same channel encoder, namely, a onvolutional encoder. (4) They can use arbitrary and possibly different modulations. In this framework, we derive the best combiner in the sense of the maximum likelihood (ML) at the destination and the branch metrics of the trellis associated with its channel decoder for the ML combiner and also for the maximum ratio combiner (MRC), cooperative-MRC (C-MRC), and the minimum mean-square error (MMSE) combiner.
title: Fremdsprachliches Handeln im Kontext raumtheoretischer Determinanten am Beispiel Street Art
Creators: name: Dausend, Henriette
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Eine Diskussion um die Bedeutung von Raum für das Erlernen einer fremden Sprache ist zwischen den Polen raumtheoretischer Konstrukte und menschlichen Wahrnehmens und Erlebens zu verorten. Um die eigene Existenz zu erfahren und zu beschreiben, kann die Sprache helfen, Erlebtes zu verbalisieren und sich mit anderen auszutauschen. Sprache wird somit zum Vehikel, welche das Erlebte transportiert und Bedeutungen aushandeln lässt – immer in Abhängigkeit von bestimmten räumlichen und zeitlichen Bezügen. Dieser Artikel greift diese Argumentation auf, indem am Beispiel Street Art als einem Phänomen von ‚Sprache im Raum‘ der benannte Zusammenhang zwischen sprachlichen Handlungen und räumlichen Strukturen dargestellt wird. Es soll aufgezeigt werden, wie die Rezeption von Street Art erzeugten sprachlichen Räumen für diskursive Bedeutungsaushandlungen im Fremdsprachenunterricht genutzt werden kann und Fragen für weitergehende Forschung im skizzierten Spannungsfeld generiert werden.
title: Religious Activity and Mortality in the Elderly: The Cache County Study
Creators: name: Hart, Andrea D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2001

description: No study, to date, has systematically examined the interplay of social contact, depression, functional disability, and cardiovascular health when examining the relation between religious activity and all -cause mortality. This study used Cox regression models as well as a series of structural equation models to elucidate these relations and resultant mortality over a 5-year period. This sample included 3,607 persons, age 65 and older, who participated in the Cache County Study on Memory in Aging, and who were not demented. Results indicate that when using Cox regression modeling, after controlling for other variables related to mortality, both religious activity and social contact remained statistically significant predictors of survival time. Based on hazard ratios obtained from the Cox regression models, it was found that subjects who attend church activities at least once a week or more are 41.6% less likely to die than subjects who attend church less frequently. Subjects who increase their social contact by each additional level gain 3% protection against mortality. Surprisingly, depression was not related to mortality in any analyses. Therefore, the best-fitting structural equation model did not include depression. Possibly, the most interesting findings from this study were the mediating effects found between functional disability, religious activity, social contact, and all-cause mortality. Using a nested series of structural equation models, we found that social contact mediates the relation between functional disability and mortality and that religious activity mediates the relation between functional disability and social contact These results indicate that social contact may be a crucial underlying mechanism, which is triggered by religious activity, and therefore acts as a mediator between functional disability and mortality. Limitations of this study include narrow or unidimensional measures, as well as problems w1th reliability. Due to the homogeneity of this sample, it may be very difficult to justify generalizing these results to a different population. Despite these limitations, this study finds that both religious activity and social contact converge in their effects on mortality and their interconnectedness is evident from these results. Both religious activity and social contact have important implications for the health of our elderly. Nevertheless, many multilayered aspects of religious behavior and social networks have not been addressed in this study. Future work investigating the consequences of the longitudinal aspects of religious belief, social networking, and depression is needed.
Microstructured superhydrorepellent surfaces: Effect of drop pressure on fakir-state stability and apparent contact angles
Creators: name: Afferrante, L.
name: Carbone, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a generalized Cassi-Baxter equation to take into account the effect of drop pressure on the apparent contact angle theta_{app}. Also we determine the limiting pressure p_{W} which causes the impalement transition to the Wenzel state and the pull-off pressure p_{out} at which the drop detaches from the substrate. The calculations have been carried out for axial-symmetric pillars of three different shapes: conical, hemispherical topped and flat topped cylindrical pillars. Calculations show that, assuming the same pillar spacing, conical pillars may be more incline to undergo an impalement transition to the Wenzel state, but, on the other hand, they are characterized by a vanishing pull-off pressure which causes the drop not to adhere to the substrate and therefore to detach very easily. We infer that this property should strongly reduce the contact angle hysteresis as experimentally osberved in Ref. \cite{Martines-Conical-Shape}. It is possible to combine large resistance to impalement transition (i.e. large value of p_{W}) and small (or even vanishing) detaching pressure p_{out} by employing cylindrical pillars with conical tips. We also show that depending on the particular pillar geometry, the effect of drop pressure on the apparent contact angle theta_{app} may be more or less significant. In particular we show that in case of conical pillars increasing the drop pressure causes a significant decrease of theta_{app} in agreement with some experimental investigations \cite{LafunaTransitio}, whereas theta_{app} slightly increases for hemispherical or flat topped cylindrical pillars.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
title: Verbal Memory of Preschool Indian and Non/Indian Headstart Children
Creators: name: Carter, Karen L. Swenson
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this study was to test the hypotheses l) there is a significant difference between scores of Head Start children on the Uintah and Ouray Indian Reservation in Utah and the norms of the Verbal Memory Test from the McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities; 2) there will not be an association between being Indian or non-Indian ; 3 ) there will be an association between teaching styles and the children's performance on the language test. The T test was used to analyze all of the data. The experimental sample scored lower, but not significantly lower than the standardized norms. There was no difference between Indians and non-Indians. The sample (N = 46 children; 30 boys and 16 girls) was taken from four classrooms which were compared with one another. There was a significant difference between classroom 1 and classroom 4 at the .01 level, supporting the hypothesis that there will be an association between teaching styles and language performance. When comparing boys to girls within the sample, girls did significantly better at the .02 level.
title: The Use of a Phonetic Approach to Reading With Three and Four-Year-Old Children
Creators: name: Hopkins, F. Walda
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: The purpose of this paper is to determine if girls of preschool ages find more success in learning letters of the alphabet, their sounds, and simple two and three letter words formed from these letters, than boys of similar ages; and in addition to compare the achievement of three-year-old children to that of four-year-old children. The children were introduced to six letters of the alphabet and the sound associated with these letters. They were then introduced to sixteen two and three-letter words that could be formed from these letters. At the conclusion of the ten tasks, a post test was administered and the results were studied to compare the achievement of girls to boys and three-year-old children to four-year-old children. It was found that there is no appreciable difference between the scores of girl s and boys, nor is the difference between the scores of three-year-old children and four-year-old children meaningful.
title: Women in Transition at Midlife
Creators: name: Rawson, Kay T.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: Women in modern America are living longer than ever before and society's expectations are changing. In 1900, it was expected that most women would die in their forties or early fifties. However, with today's life expectancy of approximately 80 years. midlife is a viable component of a woman's total life course. Since midlife is an important part of the lives of today's women, this study examines the elements of well-being in midlife women over three transitional periods surrounding the half century birthday. A random sample of 1,041 midlife women, ages 34-66, living along the Wasatch Front in Utah, responded to the survey entitled Women's Experience in Family Work Religion and Community.
It was hypothesized that there would be differences in levels of life satisfaction, esteem , depression, and marital satisfaction among three groups: pre-midlife transition women (34-44 years old); midlife transition women (45-55 years old); and post-midlife transition women (56-66 years old). The effects of marital status, empty-nest, children, education, employment, denomination, and religiosity were analyzed with measures of well-being.
The premise that levels of well-being differ according to the transitional stage in midlife remains unsubstantiated. However, regression equations found a few significant variables: education and husband's income explained variance in life satisfaction, esteem, depression, and marital satisfaction for the pre-midlife and the midlife groups; children, marital status, religiosity, and denomination were significant for the post-midlife group on life satisfaction and esteem measures; no variables were significant with the post-midlife group for marital satisfaction; and wife's income explained a significant amount of variance only for the midlife cohort and only with the esteem scale.
Well-being and quality of life were not significantly different for women 34 to 66 years of age. Midlife appeared to be a time of nonturbulence; findings did not support a generalized empty-nest syndrome, revealing instead that women's wellbeing remained stable in all three transition periods. Correlates of well-being were discussed and suggestions for future research, programs, and policies were proposed.
An Energetic AGN Outburst Powered by a Rapidly Spinning Supermassive Black Hole or an Accreting Ultramassive Black Hole
Creators: name: McNamara, B. R.
name: Kazemzadeh, F.
name: Rafferty, D. A.
name: Birzan, L.
name: Nulsen, P. E. J.
name: Kirkpatrick, C. C.
name: Wise, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Powering the 10^62 erg nuclear outburst in the MS0735.6+7421 cluster central galaxy by accretion implies that its supermassive black hole (SMBH) grew by ~6x10^8 solar masses over the past 100 Myr. We place upper limits on the amount of cold gas and star formation near the nucleus of <10^9 solar masses and <2 solar masses per year, respectively. These limits imply that an implausibly large fraction of the preexisting cold gas in the bulge must have been consumed by its SMBH at the rate of ~3-5 solar masses per year while leaving no trace of star formation. Such a high accretion rate would be difficult to maintain by stellar accretion or the Bondi mechanism, unless the black hole mass approaches 10^11 solar masses. Its feeble nuclear luminosities in the UV, I, and X-ray bands compared to its enormous mechanical power are inconsistent with rapid accretion onto a ~5x10^9 solar mass black hole. We suggest instead that the AGN outburst is powered by a rapidly-spinning black hole. A maximally-spinning, 10^9 solar mass black hole contains enough rotational energy, ~10^62 erg, to quench a cooling flow over its lifetime and to contribute significantly to the excess entropy found in the hot atmospheres of groups and clusters. Two modes of AGN feedback may be quenching star formation in elliptical galaxies centered in cooling halos at late times. An accretion mode that operates in gas-rich systems, and a spin mode operating at modest accretion rates. The spin conjecture may be avoided in MS0735 by appealing to Bondi accretion onto a central black hole whose mass greatly exceeds 10^10 solar mass. The host galaxy's unusually large, 3.8 kpc stellar core radius (light deficit) may witness the presence of an ultramassive black hole.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ. Modifications: adopted slightly higher black hole mass using Lauer's M_SMBH vs L_bulge relation and adjusted related quantities; considered more seriously the consequences of a ultramassive black hole, motivated by new Kormendy & Bender paper published after our submission; other modifications per referee comments by Ruszkowski
Local-level governance in the Pacific
Creators: name: Schoeffel, Penelope
name: Turner, Mark
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM) Program, The Australian National University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Pacific
Melanesia
public service reform
decentralisation
local level reform
local governance

description: Throughout Melanesia and many parts of the Pacific, systems of government continue to be reviewed and restructured. Decentralisation of state powers and responsibilities from the national to provincial and lower levels of government is a recurring theme. The major rationale is that it is both more democratic and more efficient to locate decision-making powers closer to the people. A good deal of thought and effort by government planners and constitutional engineers has gone into central - local relations, particularly into the division of powers and financial arrangements between the two levels. From one country to another the resulting models of decentralisation have varied considerably. In all of this effort however, surprisingly little attention has been paid to the nature and shape of local-level government. In the years since independence, it is clear that in many Pacific countries local-level institutions have decayed and the quality of their governance has deteriorated. Now - in light of the apparent inability of national governments to provide stability, consistent services and good governance - the demand for the reform and strengthening of government at the local level is increasing. In May 2003, the State, Society and Governance in Melanesia Project hosted the Local-level Governance in the Pacific Workshop at the Australian National University. This discussion paper comprises the papers presented by two key speakers, Dr Penelope Schoeffel and Professor Mark Turner. Taken together they provide insights into models, structures and processes of local governance and how these might be developed in countries where governmental systems are under review.
title: Rezension: "Die Polen und ihre Vampire. Studien zur Kritik der Phantasmen"/ Maria Janion. Berlin: Suhrkamp, 2014. ISBN 978-3-518-42430-8
Creators: name: Baumgartner, Anna
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: In Polen trägt Maria Janion schon seit mehreren Jahrzehnten zur kritischen Auseinandersetzung und Dekonstruktion des nationalen Mythenreservoirs bei und ist eine der federführenden Intellektuellen, die dem Meisternarrativ entgegengesetzte und alternative Perspektiven auf die polnische Geschichte und ihre Historiographie zu geben vermögen. Während dem deutschen Leser bisher nur einzelne Aufsätze in verstreuten Sammelpublikationen zugänglich waren [1], ist nun ein tieferer Einblick in das Schaffen dieser bedeutenden polnischen Literaturwissenschaftlerin möglich. Dies Dank der hier vorliegenden und von der an der Universität Potsdam lehrenden Professorin für Slawische Literatur- und Kulturwissenschaft Magdalena Marszałek herausgegebenen Publikation, die insgesamt neun Essays Maria Janions präsentiert. Erschienen ist die Essay-Sammlung als Band 15 der vom Deutschen Polen-Institut in Darmstadt herausgegebenen Reihe „Denken und Wissen" und richtet sich folglich nicht nur an ein wissenschaftliches Fachpublikum. Vielmehr soll mit Maria Janion nun in Deutschland „eine mit den europäischen Denktraditionen zutiefst vertraute Literatur- und Kulturforscherin […], für die es naturgemäß keine nationalsprachliche Begrenzung geben kann" (S. 13) vorgestellt und als bedeutende europäische Intellektuelle gewürdigt werden. Die Auswahl der Texte konzentriert sich auf das Spätwerk der Autorin. Präsentiert werden mit zwei Ausnahmen nach der Jahrtausendwende publizierte Texte. Wie die Herausgeberin in der in das Wirken Janions einführenden Einleitung (S. 11-33) betont, sollen diese jedoch „die Dimension des Gesamtwerks ahnen [lassen] […] und die aktuellsten und prägnantesten ihrer Themen [behandeln]" (S. 25).
title: Recenzja: "Partycypacja wykluczonych. Wyzwanie dla polityki społecznej"/ Marta Danecka. Warszawa: Oficyna Naukowa Ewa Pajestka-Kojder, 2014. ISBN 978-83-64363-11-5
Creators: name: Adamczyk, Katarzyna
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Publikacja została wydana w 2014 roku przez Oficynę Naukową Instytutu Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie. Jej autorka, dr Marta Danecka, jest absolwentką Wydziału Dziennikarstwa i Nauka Politycznych Uniwersytetu Warszawskiego, a także Podyplomowego Studium Krajów Rozwijających się oraz stypendystką Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México w Toluce. Aktualnie piastuje stanowisko adiunkta w Instytucie Studiów Politycznych Polskiej Akademii Nauk w Warszawie. Jedną z dziedzin naukowych, szczególnie interesującą dr Danecką jest styk obszarów rynku pracy oraz pomocy społecznej. W zakresie jej zainteresowań odnaleźć można także takie zagadnienia jak: problemy społeczne w Polsce i Europie, bieda, bezrobocie i wykluczenie społeczne oraz kwestie związane z ekonomią społeczną. Dr Danecka jest autorką wielu publikacji w monografiach, a także czasopismach polskich i zagranicznych. Książka Partycypacja wykluczonych... liczy 272 strony i jest podzielona na siedem rozdziałów głównych, z których każdy zawiera od trzech do sześciu podrozdziałów. Po każdym rozdziale znajduje się jego podsumowanie, które traktuje o głównych zagadnieniach, które zostały poruszone w danej części książki. Niniejsza, bardzo logiczna struktura publikacji sprawia, iż czytelnik łatwo odnajduje się w zagadnieniach podjętych w owym wydaniu. Zwieńczeniem całej lektury są kilkustronicowe konkluzje dotyczące zagadnienia partycypacji wykluczonych.
title: Young Married Couples' Attitudes Toward Bank Credit Cards
Creators: name: Gorham, Elizabeth Ellen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1971

description: Attitudes of husband and wife regarding the use of the bank credit card were compared and related to the couple's marital happiness rating.
The sample consisted of 40 young married couples residing in campus married student housing at Utah State University during Fall Quarter 1970. Subjects had at least one child and we r e U. S. born citizens between the ages of 20 and 35.
The instruments used were: (1) a background questionnaire, (2) a marital happiness rating scale, and (3) a series of eight case study situations. The statistical tests us ed were the paired-comparison t-test and the Pearson r.
No significant difference was found between attitudes of husband and wife regarding the use of the bank credit card. There was no significant relationship between attitudes of husband and wife regarding the use of the bank credit card and couples expressing a "Very Happy" marital happiness rating or couples expressing other than a "Very Happy" marital happiness rating.
title: Rezension: "The Other East and Nineteenth-Century British Literature. Imagining Poland and the Russian Empire"/ Thomas McLean. Houndmills, Basingstoke; New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. ISBN 978–0–230–29400–4
Creators: name: Gasimov, Zaur
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Thomas McLean unterrichtet britische Literatur an der University of Otago in Neuseeland. Seine 2012 erschienene Monographie besteht aus sieben Aufsätzen über die Darstellung Osteuropas und Russlands in der britischen Literatur im langen 19. Jahrhundert, die zuvor bereits Fachzeitschriften erschienen sind. Der Untersuchungszeitraum entspricht der Nichtexistenz des polnischen Staates auf der politischen Karte Europas. Der erste Artikel widmet sich der Dämonisierung der russischen Kaiserin Katharina der Großen und dem Polen-Diskurs unmittelbar nach den Teilungen Polens innerhalb des literarischen Milieus Großbritanniens. McLean analysiert die Korrespondenz des Dichters Horace Walpole aus den 1790er Jahren sowie das Werk William Blakes „Europe. A Prophecy" aus dem Jahr 1794, in dem er explizit auf die zum Teil geschlechtsbedingten Feindbilder der russischen Herrscherin sowie die Solidarisierung der britischen Schriftsteller mit dem zerschlagenen Polen eingeht. Der Artikel wird bereichert durch die zeitgenössischen Zeichnungen von Thomas Rowlandson und James Gillray , so dass man auch durch diese Beispiele der ikonographischen Darstellung Katharinas die detaillierte Analyse der dichterischen und prosaischen Russland- und Polen-Diskurse in Großbritannien am Ende des 18. Jahrhunderts besser nachvollziehen kann. Dass viele englische Literaten in der russischen Expansion in Richtung Westen, die durch mehrere Aufteilungen Polens erfolgte, eine klare Bedrohung der britischen geopolitischen Interessen auf dem internationalen Parkett erkannten, und sich nicht zuletzt aus diesem Grund mit Polen solidarisch zeigten, wird aus dem ersten und dem zweiten Aufsatz McLeans über Kościuszko deutlich.
A Wind Tunnel Rig to Study the External Fan Cowl Separation Experienced by Compact Nacelles in Windmilling Scenarios
Creators: name: Sabnis, K
name: Babinsky, H
name: Boscagli, L
name: Swarthout, A
name: Tejero, F
name: Macmanus, D
name: Sheaf, C
Publisher: name: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics
Year: 2023
Subjects: 4012 Fluid Mechanics and Thermal Engineering
40 Engineering
7 Affordable and Clean Energy

description: Ultra high-bypass ratio aircraft engines adopt slim fan cowl profiles which are sensitive to separation on their external surfaces under diversion windmilling conditions, when engine shutdown occurs during cruise. A two-dimensional wind tunnel rig is developed to investigate the separation mechanisms experienced by aero-engine nacelles in such scenarios to establish the detailed aerodynamics. The tunnel flow field with entry Mach number 0.65 broadly replicates the expected diversion windmilling flow behaviour for a full-scale nacelle, featuring a supersonic region which terminates in a normal shock wave on the external fan cowl surface. For the three conditions investigated, which relate to different engine mass-flow rates, the response of the boundary layer in this region progresses from remaining fully attached through to well-established separation. However, the rig Reynolds number based on nacelle lip thickness is about 1.2 million, roughly one-third of full scale, resulting in a transitional rather than turbulent shock-boundary-layer interaction. Nevertheless, simple simulations correctly predict the wind tunnel flow field, except for the precise boundary-layer response to normal shock waves, and so experimental data from the rig can be used to validate relevant computational methods.
title: A Comparative Study of Certain Typical Foods Baked in the Electronic Oven, the Conventional Oven, and the Combination (Electronic and Conventional) Oven
Creators: name: Chatelain, LaRae Bartholomew
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1968

description: Comparative performance of the electronic, conventional, and combination (electronic and conventional) ovens was studied in the preparation of five typical foods: baked custard, lemon cake, baked potatoes, orange marmalade tea loaf, and roast chicken.
The data collected included final temperature of each food and ratings of each food by a taste panel.
Foods prepared electronically and by the combination method required significantly less time with the exception of lemon cake. Foods prepared by the combination and conventional methods were preferred by the taste panel over foods prepared electronically with the exception of custard which was rated superior to custard cooked conventionally.
Finite doping signatures of the Mott transition in the two-dimensional Hubbard model
Creators: name: Sordi, G.
name: Haule, K.
name: Tremblay, A. -M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experiments on layered materials call for a study of the influence of short-range spin correlations on the Mott transition. To this end, we solve the cluster dynamical mean-field equations for the Hubbard model on a plaquette with continuous-time quantum Monte Carlo. The normal state phase diagram as a function of temperature $T$, interaction strength $U$ and filling $n$ reveals that upon increasing $n$ towards the insulator, there is a surface of first-order transition between two metals at non-zero doping. For $T$ above the critical end line there is a maximum in scattering rate.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX
title: Recenzja: "Capital, Coercion, and Postcommunist States"/ Gerald Easter. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2012. ISBN 0-8014-7824-3
Creators: name: Korys, Piotr
name: Digitale Wissenschaftsplattform Pol-Int (Www.Pol-Int.Org)
Publisher: name: Europa-Universität Viadrina Frankfurt
Year: 2021

description: Państwo postkomunistyczne miało być stanem przejściowym pomiędzy państwem socjalizmu państwowego a nowoczesnym państwem kapitalistycznym. Stan ten okazał się jednak zdecydowanie bardziej trwały, niż mogłoby się wydawać. Wprawdzie reformy, procesy imitacji zachodnich rozwiązań instytucjonalnych, wpływ przemocy instytucjonalnej czy spontaniczne kształtowanie się rozwiązań rynkowych sprawiły, że coraz trudniej odróżnić państwa postkomunistyczne od liberalnych demokracji Zachodu. Wciąż jednak dostrzegalne są różnice: nie w zaopatrzeniu sklepów czy jakości produktów wytwarzanych przez firmy działające w krajach postkomunistycznych, ale w jakości instytucji i – szerzej – w jakości państwa. Gerald M. Easter ogłosił na kartach swojej intrygującej i błyskotliwej socjologicznej analizy systemów podatkowych Polski i Rosji, że „transformacja postkomunistyczna już się zakończyła" (s. 187). Dodał jednak od razu, że wciąż rozważać musimy postkomunistyczne reżimy polityczne, nawet jeśli część z nich stała się skonsolidowanymi demokracjami.
title: Self Concepts of Mexican-American and Anglo-American Head Start Children
Creators: name: Erickson, Sue Ann
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: This study investigated the differences in self concept of Mexican-American and Anglo-American preschool children to determine if Mexican children have less favorable self concepts when compared with Anglo children of the same age and socioeconomic background. Differences between self concepts of Mexican boys and girls and between Anglo boys and girls were investigated. A third object was to determine the extent to which children's reports of self agree with their perceptions of significant others' perceptions of them.
Twenty-two Mexican-American and 20 Anglo-American Head Start children were given the Brown-IDS Self Concept Referents Test. This test was specially designed for use with preschool children and consisted of taking a full length Polaroid photograph of each child which served as an object about which subjects were asked questions concerning their perception of self and their perceptions of significant others' (mother, teacher, and peers) perceptions of them. Results indicated that both Anglo- and Mexican-American children appear to have developed positive feelings about themselves. There were, however, significant differences in the responses of children in the two groups. Mexican-American children perceived their mothers and teachers as seeing them less favorably than Anglo children.
Conversion of hole states by acoustic solitons
Creators: name: Rozhansky, I. V.
name: Lifshits, M. B.
name: Tarasenko, S. A.
name: Averkiev, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hole states in the valence band of a large class of semiconductors are degenerate in the projections of angular momentum. Here we show that the switching of a hole between the states can efficiently be realized by acoustic solitons. The microscopic mechanism of such a state conversion is related to the valence band splitting by local elastic strain. The conversion is studied here for heavy holes localized at shallow and deep acceptors in silicon quantum wells.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
title: Maternal Attitudes Toward Daylight-Saving Time
Creators: name: Johnson, Jean C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: The purpose of this study was to assess maternal attitudes toward daylight-saving time within three stages of the family life cycle. General maternal attitudes were also assessed toward daylight-saving time. other variables such as size of family, sex of children, education of mother, occupation of father, and age of mother Here used to determine if there was any association between these variables and attitudes of mothers toward daylight-saving time. A Likert-type scale capable of measuring maternal attitudes toward daylight-saving time was developed for this study. A checklist of 41 items was also developed to determine or identify reasons why mothers either like or dislike daylight-saving time.
The sample consisted of 60 mothers selected in a random fashion from those who had children enrolled in the Child Development Laboratory School at Utah State University.
The findings indicated that attitudes of mothers were significantly different between Stages 3 and 4. Mothers in Stage 3 liked daylight-saving time and mothers in Stage 4 disliked daylight-saving time. There was a significant difference in general maternal attitudes; small families liked daylight-saving time, large families disliked daylight-saving time. In Stage 4, the size of family made no difference as these mothers had negative attitudes. Attitudes of mothers differed significantly between families who had a small or large number of boys, with negative attitudes when there was a large number of boys, and no difference as to number of girls. There was a significant difference between professional and skilled occupation of husband. Positive attitudes prevailed if husband was a professional; negative if husband had skilled work. Reasons as to causation of the findings were also discussed.
Optimization of quantum interferometric metrological sensors in the presence of photon loss
Creators: name: Lee, Tae-Woo
name: Huver, Sean D.
name: Lee, Hwang
name: Kaplan, Lev
name: McCracken, Steven B.
name: Min, Changjun
name: Uskov, Dmitry B.
name: Wildfeuer, Christoph F.
name: Veronis, Georgios
name: Dowling, Jonathan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We optimize two-mode, entangled, number states of light in the presence of loss in order to maximize the extraction of the available phase information in an interferometer. Our approach optimizes over the entire available input Hilbert space with no constraints, other than fixed total initial photon number. We optimize to maximize the Fisher information, which is equivalent to minimizing the phase uncertainty. We find that in the limit of zero loss the optimal state is the so-called N00N state, for small loss, the optimal state gradually deviates from the N00N state, and in the limit of large loss the optimal state converges to a generalized two-mode coherent state, with a finite total number of photons. The results provide a general protocol for optimizing the performance of a quantum optical interferometer in the presence of photon loss, with applications to quantum imaging, metrology, sensing, and information processing.
description: 3 figures
title: Influence of a Male or Female Teacher on Sex-Role Preferences of the Pre-School Child
Creators: name: Mecham, Mary Jane
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1966

description: The primary function of a nursery school is to educate children, or to provide opportunities for them to learn about their environment, their relationships, and their own selves. The most crucial part of the learning situation in the nursery school is the teacher, whose task it is to promote learning through provision of a variety of experiences by means of which children can discover themselves and begin to relate to the world and to other people.
Low temperature phase of methane
Creators: name: Lees, Ronald Milne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The phase behaviour of methane at temperatures below 20°K is still not understood. There is recent evidence for a second phase transition at 8°K, in addition to the well known transition at 20.4°K. This second transition requires a long time to reach equilibrium. In our experiment, the nuclear magnetic resonance signal of the methane protons was monitored for a period of many hours at 1.2°K, in order to; determine whether a slow phase change occurred in the approach to equilibrium. This change would manifest itself in the width of the resonance line, which is sensitive to the local environment of the proton, and thus able to provide information about the crystal structure. No definite time variation of line width was observed. The line width increased by 15% from 4.2°K to 1.2°K. The second moment of the line also rose sharply as the temperature increased, indicating an increasing contribution to the spin-spin interaction from intra-molecular broadening. An approximate model yielded a correlation time for the intra-molecular term of the order of a microsecond. Significant differences between different methane samples indicate that sample preparation is important, and that the above results were for samples in some sort of metastable phase.
A light-sensing system in the common ancestor of the fungi
Creators: name: Galindo, Luis Javier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310510
subject: Molecular evolution

description: Diverse light-sensing organs (i.e., eyes) have evolved across animals. Interestingly, several subcellular analogs have been found in eukaryotic microbes. All of these systems have a common “recipe”: a light occluding or refractory surface juxtaposed to a membrane-layer enriched in type I rhodopsins. In the fungi, several lineages have been shown to detect light using a diversity of non-homologous photo-responsive proteins. However, these systems are not associated with an eyespot-like organelle with one exception found in the zoosporic fungus Blastocladiella emersonii (Be). Be possesses both elements of this recipe: an eyespot composed of lipid-filled structures (often called the side-body complex [SBC]), co-localized with a membrane enriched with a gene-fusion protein composed of a type I (microbial) rhodopsin and guanylyl cyclase enzyme domain (CyclOp-fusion protein). Here, we identify homologous pathway components in four Chytridiomycota orders (Chytridiales, Synchytriales, Rhizophydiales, and Monoblepharidiales). To further explore the architecture of the fungal zoospore and its lipid organelles, we reviewed electron microscopy data (e.g., the works of Barr and Hartmann and Reichle and Fuller) and performed fluorescence-microscopy imaging of four CyclOp-carrying zoosporic fungal species, showing the presence of a variety of candidate eyespot-cytoskeletal ultrastructure systems. We then assessed the presence of canonical photoreceptors across the fungi and inferred that the last common fungal ancestor was able to sense light across a range of wavelengths using a variety of systems, including blue-green-light detection. Our data imply, independently of how the fungal tree of life is rooted, that the apparatus for a CyclOp-organelle light perception system was an ancestral feature of the fungi.
title: Eher Container als Konstrukt: Zum deutschsprachigen Raum in Deutsch als Fremdsprache
Creators: name: Shafer, Naomi
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Darmstadt
Year: 2023

description: Dieser Beitrag befasst sich mit der Frage nach einem Spatial Turn im Fach Deutsch als Fremdsprache (DaF). Zuerst werden raumtheoretische Grundlagen resümiert. Danach wird der Umgang mit (dem deutschsprachigen) Raum im Bereich DaF beleuchtet und es werden zehn DaF-Lehrwerke auf Anfangs- und Mittelstufe explorativ analysiert. Darin findet Raum systematisch handlungsorientiert Eingang, zumeist als Wohn- und Lebensort oder Ausflugs- und Urlaubsziel. Von Ausnahmen abgesehen, werden Raumkonzepte dabei als objektiv existierende Gegebenheiten vermittelt, deren Konstruktionscharakter ebenso wenig kritisch reflektiert wird wie das tradierte positive Bild des deutschsprachigen Raums als dezidiert (er-)lebenswertem Ort.
title: The Adolescents Preference for Counselors in Relation to Their Degree of Religious Conviction
Creators: name: Fitch, James W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: In a highly complex culture, there are numerous factors that influence ones life. The more industrialized societies promote tremendous structure for the entire population. The past World War II era has been labeled "The Age of Anxiety" (28, p.3). In some respects children are being forced to mature at an earlier age. The "storm and stress" period of the adolescent is receiving considerable recognition in our current literature and the adults are taking on increasing amounts of structure which are all resulting in more complex culture.
title: Comparison of Mosaic Responses of Disadvantaged and Advantaged Preschool Children
Creators: name: Ostler, Renée
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1967

description: Developmental age differences were studied between a group of Head Start children and a group of preschool children attending the Utah State University Child Development Laboratory. The Lowenfeld Mosaic Test was used to make distinctions between the child whose developmental age was below his age in years. The results were compared to the four-year and five-year chronological age level of the Armes and Ilg scoring criteria.
Although behavior in response to the Mosaic test developed in the same way for both the disadvantaged children and the advantaged children, the products or Mosaic designs of the disadvantaged children were less mature and developed more slowly.
It was fairly evident from the data that the Utah State University children responded at a more mature level than the Head Start Children.
The data seemed to substantiate the fact that there was a difference in maturity of design between all the males and all the females treatment of patterning the Mosaic.
Topological-Fermi-Liquid to Quantum-Hall-Liquid Transitions: $p$-Band and $d$-Band Fermions in a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Wang, Yi-Fei
name: Gong, Chang-De
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that in a multi-orbital system with intraorbital and interorbital hopping integrals, the Hall conductance exhibits various topological quantum phase transitions (QPTs) induced by on-site orbital polarization: integer quantum Hall (IQH) plateau transitions, and topological Fermi liquid to IQH transitions. Such topological QPTs are demonstrated in two systems: a $p$-band spinless fermionic system realizable with ultracold atoms in optical lattice, and a $d$-band spinful fermionic system closely related to giant orbital Hall effects in transition metals and their compounds.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
title: Comparisons of Marital Role Conceptions of Men and Women
Creators: name: Christensen, Sandra Jorgensen
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1963

description: During the past century, vast and rapid changes have transpired in our national life. They have been occasioned by extensive technological, social, and industrial changes and by the emergence of cheap, fast transportation, new techniques for preservation of food, and other basic inventions. Many changes, too, have been brought about in American courtship, marriage, and family living patterns. Some of the most far-reaching changes have been those in the social and psychological roles of the individual in relation to the family.