cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Institutional work in the maintenance of regional innovation policy instruments: evidence from Wales
Creators: name: Henderson, Dylan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: This paper contributes towards growing interest in the role of actors and agency in regional innovation policy processes. While entrepreneurial agency has begun to be explored, the paper broadens this focus to include actor roles in the maintenance of regional innovation policies over time. Drawing on the concept of institutional work, and evidence from Wales, it finds maintenance to be a process of strategic care, involving interplay between structural factors promoting durability, and normative and deterrence practices at the regional level. These practices, it suggests, can contribute towards stability and persistence, but with mixed effects over time.
Oncogenic DNA methyltransferase 1 activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signalling by blocking the binding of HSPB8 and BAG3 in melanoma
Creators: name: Yang, Yemei
name: Ma, Shengfang
name: Ye, Zi
name: Zheng, Yushi
name: Zheng, Zhenjiong
name: Liu, Xiongshan
name: Zhou, Xianyi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Abnormal DNA methylation has been observed in multiple malignancies, including melanoma. In this study, we initially noticed the overexpression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) in melanoma samples in bioinformatics analysis and, subsequently, validated it in the purchased melanoma cell lines. After treatment with short-hairpin RNAs or Decitabine (a DNA methylation inhibitor), silencing of DNMT1 was demonstrated to suppress cell viability and invasive and migratory potentials as well as to augment apoptosis and autophagy in melanoma cells. To further explore the downstream mechanisms, we revealed that DNMT1 inhibited HSPB8 expression through augmenting HSPB8 methylation, thereby suppressing the binding between HSPB8 and BAG3. Then, we elucidated through a series of gain- and loss- of function assays that the interplay of HSPB8 and BAG3 blocked the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thereby repressing the malignant phenotypes of melanoma cells and contributing to melanoma cell apoptosis and autophagy. We further established a mouse model of melanoma and substantiated that DNMT1 enhanced the in vivo tumorigenesis of melanoma cells via activation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway through repressing the binding between HSPB8 and BAG3. Taken together, our data supported that DNMT1 repressed the binding between HSPB8 and BAG3 and activated the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, thus playing a tumour-promoting role in melanoma.
Charged hydrogenic problem in a magnetic field: Non-commutative translations, unitary transformations, and coherent states
Creators: name: Dzyubenko, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An operator formalism is developed for a description of charged electron-hole complexes in magnetic fields. A novel unitary transformation of the Hamiltonian that allows one to partially separate the center-of-mass and internal motions is proposed. We study the operator algebra that leads to the appearance of new effective particles, electrons and holes with modified interparticle interactions, and their coherent states in magnetic fields. The developed formalism is used for studying a two-dimensional negatively charged magnetoexciton $X^-$. It is shown that Fano-resonances are present in the spectra of internal $X^-$ transitions, indicating the existence of three-particle quasi-bound states embedded in the continuum of higher Landau levels.
description: 9 pages + 2 figures, accepted in PRB, a couple of typos corrected
Cooling in the shade of warped transition disks
Creators: name: Casassus, Simon
name: Perez, Sebastian
name: Osses, Axel
name: Marino, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass of the gaseous reservoir in young circumstellar disks is a crucial initial condition for the formation of planetary systems, but estimates vary by orders of magnitude. In some disks with resolvable cavities, sharp inner disk warps cast two-sided shadows on the outer rings; can the cooling of the gas as it crosses the shadows bring constraints on its mass? The finite cooling timescale should result in dust temperature decrements shifted ahead of the optical/IR shadows in the direction of rotation. However, some systems show temperature drops, while others do not. The depth of the drops and the amplitude of the shift depend on the outer disk surface density Sigma through the extent of cooling during the shadow crossing time, and also on the efficiency of radiative diffusion. These phenomena may bear observational counterparts, which we describe with a simple one-dimensional model. An application to the HD142527 disk suggests an asymmetry in its shadows, and predicts a >~10deg shift for a massive gaseous disk, with peak Sigma > 8.3 g/cm2. Another application to the DoAr44 disk limits the peak surface density to Sigma < 13g/cm2
description: accepted to MNRAS Letters
QRATPre+: Effective QBF Preprocessing via Strong Redundancy Properties
Creators: name: Lonsing, Florian
name: Egly, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present version 2.0 of QRATPre+, a preprocessor for quantified Boolean formulas (QBFs) based on the QRAT proof system and its generalization QRAT+. These systems rely on strong redundancy properties of clauses and universal literals. QRATPre+ is the first implementation of these redundancy properties in QRAT and QRAT+ used to simplify QBFs in preprocessing. It is written in C and features an API for easy integration in other QBF tools. We present implementation details and report on experimental results demonstrating that QRATPre+ improves upon the power of state-of-the-art preprocessors and solvers.
description: preprint of a paper to be published at SAT 2019, LNCS, Springer, including appendix
Decay behaviors of possible $Λ_{c\bar{c}}$ states in hadronic molecule pictures
Creators: name: Shen, Chao-Wei
name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Zou, Bing-Song
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2010, $Λ^*_{c\bar{c}}$ states were predicted as the strange number $S=-1$ partners of $N^*_{c\bar{c}}$, which are well known now as the $P_c$ states and observed experimentally by LHCb Collaboration. We analyze the decay behaviors of $Λ_{c\bar{c}}$ as S-wave hadronic molecules within the effective Lagrangian framework by a similar method, which has been applied on $P_c$ states successfully. With partial widths of possible decay channels calculated, we find that $Λ_{c\bar{c}}(4213)$ and $Λ_{c\bar{c}}(4403)$, which are formed as pseudoscalar meson baryon molecules, mainly decay to the $η_c Λ$ channel. For the two vector meson baryon molecule states, our results show that the total decay width with $J^P=\frac12^-$ is by one order of magnitude larger than that with $J^P=\frac32^-$. The decay patterns and relative decay ratios are very different for $Λ_{c\bar{c}}(4370)$ being a $D_s^{* -} Λ_c^+$ or $\bar{D}^{*} Ξ_c$ molecule state. The main decay channels of $Λ_{c\bar{c}}(4550)$ are $\bar{D}^{(*)} Ξ^{(*,\prime)}_c$ because of the pseudoscalar meson exchange mechanism. In addition, $\bar{D}^{*} Ξ_c$ is the dominant decay channel of $Λ_{c\bar{c}}(4490)$ which is assumed as a $\bar{D} Ξ_c^{*}$ bound state. These decay patterns of the $Λ^*_{c\bar{c}}$ states would provide a guidance for their future experimental searches and help us to understand their internal structures.
A multistream model for quantum plasmas
Creators: name: Haas, F.
name: Manfredi, G.
name: Feix, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a quantum plasma can be described self-consistently by the nonlinear Schroedinger-Poisson system. Here, we consider a multistream model representing a statistical mixture of N pure states, each described by a wavefunction. The one-stream and two-stream cases are investigated. We derive the dispersion relation for the two-stream instability and show that a new, purely quantum, branch appears. Numerical simulations of the complete Schroedinger-Poisson system confirm the linear analysis, and provide further results in the strongly nonlinear regime. The stationary states of the Schroedinger-Poisson system are also investigated. These can be viewed as the quantum mechanical counterpart of the classical Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal modes, and are described by a set of coupled nonlinear differential equations for the electrostatic potential and the stream amplitudes.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Availability-Aware Resource Allocation for Containerized Network Functions
Creators: name: Huang, Zhuonan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2021
Subjects: Virtual network functions
Containers
Resource reservation
Statistical modelling
Availability

description: Deploying virtual network functions (VNFs) such as WAN accelerators, network address translators (NATs) and 5G functions at the network edge (NE) can significantly reduce the experienced latency of delay-ultrasensitive applications (e.g., autonomous vehicles and Internet of things). Nonetheless, a major challenge to their anticipated large-scale deployment is the ability to efficiently allocate and manage the scarce NE resources hosting these functions. In this thesis, we describe a novel containerized infrastructure manager (cIM) that extends current managers, such as Kubernetes, with the necessary building blocks to provide an accurate yet elastic resource allocation service to containerized VNFs at scale. The proposed cIM treats the main modules of the VNFs, i.e., the containerized VNF components (cNFCs), as atomic special-purpose functions that can be rapidly deployed to form complex network services. The main component of the proposed cIM, the resource reservation manager (RRM), employs concepts of risk pooling in the insurance industry to accurately reserve the needed resources for the hosting containers. More precisely, to meet anticipated cNFCs demand fluctuation, the RRM accurately reserves a quota of additional resources that are shared by the containerized functions collected together in clusters. The reserved quota of resources ensures the desired availability level of the cNFCs without over-provisioning the scarce resources of the NE. The RRM considers three different situations namely that of a cNFC instance, a cluster of cNFCs or multiple cNFC clusters sharing the reserved resources. Different allocation approaches are then presented for each of these three situations. Simulation experiments are conducted to evaluate the performance of our reservation schemes from different aspects. The corresponding experimental results demonstrate that our proposed cIM can significantly improve the performance of the cNFCs and guarantee their desired availability with minimal resource reservation. Optimal allocation solutions of the resource pools are further proposed considering the desired availability level and the limit of resource pools. The evaluation results demonstrate that our optimization models and solutions obtain the best performance of relevant testing parameters, e.g., availability.
Nabidomiris giloicus Linnavuori 1975
Creators: name: Morales, Irina
name: Forero, Dimitri
name: Unesis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Nabidomiris
Nabidomiris giloicus

description: Nabidomiris giloicus Linnavuori, 1975
(Figs 2, 7, 8, 21)
 Type material examined. HOLOTYPE: J, ‘ SUDAN / EQUATORIA / Imatong Mts nr. / Gilo 18-24.iii.1963 / Linnavuouri’ (AMNH) [photo examined].
 Additional material examined. CAMEROON: 1 J, ‘[SUD-OUEST] / Br. Cameroons Sasse-Sappo / [4° 6’ 46N; 9° 13’ 47 E] / 20-31.i.1952 / Tita’ (CASC).
 Diagnosis. Recognized by the following combination of characters: basal margin of pronotum about 1.2 times the width of the head (Table 1), humeral angles with two rounded black spots; (male) hemelytra reduced (brachypterous) (Fig. 2); male endosoma with ribbon-like sclerite long and narrow (Fig. 7, rs); medial left sclerite oval and smooth (Fig. 7, ms), and sclerite of the secondary gonopore present (Fig. 8, sgs).
 Male genitalia. Pygophore and parameres lost [specimen already dissected when examined]. Endosoma: ribbon-like sclerite (rs) long and narrow, trichiae on surface very small (Fig.7); medial sclerite (ms) oval and smooth (Fig. 8); and sclerite of the secondary gonopore present (Fig. 8, sgs).
 Plant associations. Associated with Podocarpus (Podocarpaceae) (LINNAVUORI 1975).
 Distribution. Described from South Sudan (LINNAVUORI 1975). New country record from Cameroon in western Africa (Fig. 21).
description: Published as part of Morales, Irina, Forero, Dimitri & Unesis, 2016, The genusNabidomiris (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Miridae): review of the species and description of a new species from South Africa, pp. 507-516 in Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 56 (2) on pages 512-513, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5311108
The Posthumous Depiction of Youths in Late Hellenistic and Early Imperial Gymnasia
Creators: name: Kazakidi, Natalia
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: gymnasium
subject: portraits
subject: honorary
subject: statues
subject: herms
subject: posthumous honors
subject: Gymnasion
subject: Porträts
subject: Ehrenstatuen
subject: Hermen
subject: posthume Ehrungen
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Dieser Beitrag untersucht posthume Ehrungen und Darstellungen von jungen Männern im Gymnasion, die in der Forschung bislang nicht umfassend untersucht worden sind. Nach einem Überblick über das bekannte Skulpturenrepertoire in Gymnasia werden die epigraphischen Quellen posthumer Ehrungen von jungen Männern diskutiert, die im Gymnasion trainierten und vorzeitig verstarben. Der Fokus liegt dann auf der Identifizierung von Skulpturen die, dem Kontext und der Ikonographie zufolge, als posthume Ehrungen von Jugendlichen gedient haben könnten. Darunter ist z.B. die Statue des Kleoneikos von Eretria. Es wird dargelegt, dass drei verschiedene ikonographische Typen für diese Ehrungen verwendet wurden: der nackte ‚heroische‘ Typ, der Himation-Typ und die Herme.
Poincaré cycle of a multibox Ehrenfest urn model with directed transport
Creators: name: Kao, Yee-Mou
name: Luan, Pi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a generalized Ehrenfest urn model of many urns arranged periodically along a circle. The evolution of the urn model system is governed by a directed stochastic operation. Method for solving an $N$-ball, $M$-urn problem of this model is presented. The evolution of the system is studied in detail. We find that the average number of balls in a certain urn oscillates several times before it reaches a stationary value. This behavior seems to be a peculiar feature of this directed urn model. We also calculate the Poincaré cycle, i.e., the average time interval required for the system to return to its initial configuration. The result can be easily understood by counting the total number of all possible microstates of the system.
description: 10 pages revtex file with 7 eps figures
Marine peptides as immunomodulators: Californiconus californicus-derived synthetic conotoxins induce IL-10 production by regulatory T cells (CD4+Foxp3+)
Creators: name: Zazueta-Favela, Daniela
name: Donis-Maturano, Luis
name: Licea-Navarro, Alexei F.
name: Bernáldez-Sarabia, Johanna
name: Dan, Kee W. L.
name: Cota-Arce, Julián M.
name: Escobedo, Galileo
name: León-Nava, Marco A. De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Context: CD4+ T lymphocytes are able to differentiate into distinct subtypes according to several immunological scenarios, including T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17 and regulatory T (Treg) cells. CD4+ T cells are phenotypically flexible and have specific ion channels, such as the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) that could be modulated by peptides produced by marine snails, known as conotoxins. Their effect on T lymphocytes has not been explored and emerging evidence suggests that these peptides may have immunomodulatory activities. Objective: This study investigated the effect of two Californiconus californicus-derived synthetic conotoxins on the proliferation and differentiation of T lymphocyte subpopulations Th1, Th2, Th17 and Treg. Methods: Cells from lymph nodes of BALB/c mice were cultured in the presence of conotoxins cal14.1b and cal14.2c (5.5 μM), during 96 h. Cell proliferation and intracellular cytokine production (IFN-γ, IL-4, IL-17 and IL-10) were analyzed by flow cytometry. Results and Discussion: cal14.1b and cal14.2c increased intracellular IL-10 production in Treg (CD3+CD4+Foxp3+) cells and decreased intracellular IL-17 production (CD3+CD4+) after 72 h of culture. Conotoxins did not show any effect on T cell proliferation nor Th1/Th2 balance. Conclusion: These results suggest that synthetic conotoxins exert immunomodulatory activity, especially by regulating specific functions on T lymphocytes.
Euphthiracarus (Pocsia) heterotrichus
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Euphthiracarus
Euphthiracarus heterotrichus

description: Euphthiracarus (Pocsia) heterotrichus (Mahunka, 1988)
 (Figs 14 A-C, 15A-E)
 Pocsia heterotricha Mahunka, 1988.
 Diagnosis — Measurements of holotype: prodorsum: length 210, height 76, width 152, setae: ss 63, in 83, le 71, ro 83, ex 20; notogaster: length 394, height 242, width 212, setae: c 1 56, c 1 /c 1 -d 1 =0.6, c 3 56, cp 76, h 1 58, ps 1 53, h 3 61; genitoaggenital plate 137×51, g 6 45, g 5 35, ag 2 23, ag 1 20; anoadanal plate 159×25. Species of medium size; colour brown. Prodorsum with simple lateral carinae; sensilli long, fusiform, finely ciliate; other setae long and barbed; rostral setae shorter than lamellar setae and situated on the same level with lamellar setae or slightly posteriorly; ro = in > le >ss> ex. From among gastronotic setae, setae c 3 the shortest, setae cp the longest. Ventral region; 6 pairs of genital setae, 2 posterior genital setae longer than remainder, 2 pairs of aggenital setae; 3 pairs of anal and 3 pairs of adanal setae present, setae ad 3 the longest; lyrifissures iad situated laterally between ad 3 and an 3 setae. Chaetome of legs (without tarsi) of the same specimen from Dem. Rep. Congo: I: 1-3-5(2)-5(1), II: l – 4-3(1)-5(1), III: 2-2-2(1)- 2(1), IV: 2-1- 1 (1)-2(1); all tarsi monodactylous.
Localities in Tanzania: Tanga Region: Mahunka 1988, Niedbała 1998.
Distribution — Central part of Afrotropical Region.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on page 981, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635
title: Increased versatility despite reduced molecular complexity
title: evolution, structure and function of metazoan splicing factor PRPF39
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bortoli, Francesca De
name: Neumann, Alexander
name: Kotte, Ana
name: Timmermann, Bernd
name: Schüler, Thomas
name: Wahl, Markus C.
name: Loll, Bernhard
name: Heyd, Florian
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: evolution
subject: structure
subject: function
subject: metazoan splicing factor PRPF39
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: In the yeast U1 snRNP the Prp39/Prp42 heterodimer is essential for early steps of spliceosome assembly. In metazoans no Prp42 ortholog exists, raising the question how the heterodimer is functionally substituted. Here we present the crystal structure of murine PRPF39, which forms a homodimer. Structure-guided point mutations disrupt dimer formation and inhibit splicing, manifesting the homodimer as functional unit. PRPF39 expression is controlled by NMD-inducing alternative splicing in mice and human, suggesting a role in adapting splicing efficiency to cell type specific requirements. A phylogenetic analysis reveals coevolution of shortened U1 snRNA and the absence of Prp42, which correlates with overall splicing complexity in different fungi. While current models correlate the diversity of spliceosomal proteins with splicing complexity, our study highlights a contrary case. We find that organisms with higher splicing complexity have substituted the Prp39/Prp42 heterodimer with a PRPF39 homodimer.
The narrow escape problem in a circular domain with radial piecewise constant diffusivity
Creators: name: Mangeat, Matthieu
name: Rieger, Heiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The stochastic motion of particles in living cells is often spatially inhomogeneous with a higher effective diffusivity in a region close to the cell boundary due to active transport along actin filaments. As a first step to understand the consequence of the existence of two compartments with different diffusion constant for stochastic search problems we consider here a Brownian particle in a circular domain with different diffusion constants in the inner and the outer shell. We focus on the narrow escape problem and compute the mean first passage time (MFPT) for Brownian particles starting at some pre-defined position to find a small region on the outer reflecting boundary. For the annulus geometry we find that the MFPT can be minimized for a specific value of the width of the outer shell. In contrast for the two-shell geometry we show that the MFPT depends monotonously on all model parameters, in particular on the outer shell width. Moreover we find that the distance between the starting point and the narrow escape region which maximizes the MFPT depends discontinuously on the ratio between inner and outer diffusivity.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures
TACAM: Topic And Context Aware Argument Mining
Creators: name: Fromm, Michael
name: Faerman, Evgeniy
name: Seidl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work we address the problem of argument search. The purpose of argument search is the distillation of pro and contra arguments for requested topics from large text corpora. In previous works, the usual approach is to use a standard search engine to extract text parts which are relevant to the given topic and subsequently use an argument recognition algorithm to select arguments from them. The main challenge in the argument recognition task, which is also known as argument mining, is that often sentences containing arguments are structurally similar to purely informative sentences without any stance about the topic. In fact, they only differ semantically. Most approaches use topic or search term information only for the first search step and therefore assume that arguments can be classified independently of a topic. We argue that topic information is crucial for argument mining, since the topic defines the semantic context of an argument. Precisely, we propose different models for the classification of arguments, which take information about a topic of an argument into account. Moreover, to enrich the context of a topic and to let models understand the context of the potential argument better, we integrate information from different external sources such as Knowledge Graphs or pre-trained NLP models. Our evaluation shows that considering topic information, especially in connection with external information, provides a significant performance boost for the argument mining task.
Muon pair production by photons in atmosphere: Is any room left for high-energy muon astronomy?
Creators: name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of muon pairs by high-energy photons in electromagnetic and hadronic showers in atmosphere has been calculated. The effect of muon pair production in hadronic Extensive Air Showers (EAS) is unlikely to be seen by next generation detectors. Applications of muon pair production process in electromagnetic showers to the very high energy gamma-ray astronomy is discussed. It is shown that, although this process dominates over conventional pion and kaon decay above a few TeV in photon-initiated showers and provides a distinctive signature of photon-induced event (muon pair), it is practically impossible to discriminate such events statistically from the background of muon pairs produced in the hadronic EAS. The rate of events is very low and requires detectors of a huge size.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, 1 table, to be published in Astroparticle Physics
Effect of the proportion of curcuminoids on the gastroprotective action of Curcuma longa L. in rats
Creators: name: Orona-Ortiz, Alejandra
name: Velázquez-Moyado, Josué A.
name: Pineda-Peña, Elizabeth A.
name: Balderas-López, José Luis
name: Carvalho, José Carlos Tavares
name: Navarrete, Andrés
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: The gastroprotective effect of a turmeric acetone extract (TAE) (Curcuma longa L. [Zingiberaceae]) was evaluated and compared against its major curcuminoids; curcumin (CUR), demethoxycurcumin (DMC) and bisdemethoxycurcumin (BDMC). Additionally, to demonstrate the importance of the metabolites’ ratio in the extract on the synergistic effect, different mixtures were evaluated. An ethanol-induced gastric injury model was used to evaluate the gastroprotection activity in Wistar rats. The pharmacologic interaction analysis was performed using the Combination Index (CI)-Isobologram Equation method. The CI calculated at 0.5 of affected fraction (fa) for the TAE indicated a synergistic interaction between its components. However, when the proportion of curcuminoids changed from 3.7:1:10 in TAE to a 1:1:1 ratio, the CI implied an antagonistic effect. The binary combinations of curcuminoids (1:1) also showed an antagonistic interaction. The results of this work suggest that the proportion of curcuminoids in the TAE is crucial for the gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced damage.
Analysis on the Empirical Spectral Distribution of Large Sample Covariance Matrix and Applications for Large Antenna Array Processing
Creators: name: Lu, Guanping
name: Wu, Jinsong
name: Qiu, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the asymptotic behavior of a particular type of information-plus-noise-type matrices, where the column and row number of the matrices are large and of the same order, while signals are diverged and time delays of the channel are fixed. We prove that the empirical spectral distribution (ESD) of the large dimension sample covariance matrix and a well-studied spiked central Wishart matrix converge to the same distribution. As an application, an asymptotic power function is presented for the general likelihood ratio statistics for testing the presence of signal in large array signal processing.
description: 6pages, 6 figures, journal
Spiral cracks without twisting
Creators: name: Leung, K-t.
name: Jozsa, L.
name: Ravasz, M.
name: Neda, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A fascinating class of patterns, often encountered in nature as meandering cracks on rocks, dried-out fields and tectonic plates is produced by the fracture of solids. Here we report the observation and modeling of an unusual type of patterns consisting of spiral cracks within fragments of a thin layer of drying precipitate. We find that this symmetry-breaking cracking mode arises naturally not from twisting forces, but from a propagating stress front induced by the fold-up of the fragments.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Euphthiracarus (Pocsia) kunsti
Creators: name: Niedbała, Wojciech
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Euphthiracaridae
Euphthiracarus
Euphthiracarus kunsti

description: Euphthiracarus (Pocsia) kunsti (Starý, 1988)
 (Fig. 16 A-D)
 Pocsia kunsti Starý, 1988.
 Diagnosis — Measurements of holotype (Starý 1988): length of prodorsum 249; notogaster: length 490, height 376. Medium-sized species; colour yellow; integument smooth, punctate. Prodorsum with single lateral carinae; sensilli long, fusiform, with rough head; interlamellar, lamellar and rostral setae covered with small spines; rostral setae situated in the same level with lamellar setae; exobothridial setae minute. Notogaster with relatively short setae (finely spinose), setae c 1 and c 2 more remote from anterior margin than setae c 3, setae c 3 the shortest, setae cp the longest. Ventral region; 7 pairs of genital setae (setae g 1 and g 2 in progenital position, minute; setae g 3 - g 7 longer, similar in length) and 2 pairs of aggenital setae present; 3 pairs of anal and 3 pairs of adanal setae present, setae ad 3 and an 3 the shortest. All tarsi heterotridactylous.
Locality in Tanzania: Tanga Region: Starý 1988, Niedbała 1998.
Distribution — Afrotropical species known only from Tanzania.
description: Published as part of Niedbała, Wojciech, 2017, Ptyctimous mites (Acari, Oribatida) of Tanzania, pp. 957-1072 in Acarologia 57 (4) on page 981, DOI: 10.24349/acarologia/20174217, http://zenodo.org/record/5402635
Resolving the extended stellar atmospheres of Asymptotic Giant Branch stars at (sub-)millimetre wavelengths
Creators: name: Vlemmings, W. H. T.
name: Khouri, T.
name: Olofsson, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial conditions for the mass loss during the asymptotic giant branch (AGB) phase are set in their extended atmospheres, where, among others, convection and pulsation driven shocks determine the physical conditions. High resolution observations of AGB stars at (sub)millimetre wavelengths can now directly determine the morphology, activity, density, and temperature close to the stellar photosphere. We used the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) high angular resolution observations to resolve the extended atmospheres of four of the nearest AGB stars: W Hya, Mira A, R Dor and R Leo. We interpreted the observations using a parameterised atmosphere model. We resolve all four AGB stars and determine the brightness temperature structure between $1$ and $2$ stellar radii. For W Hya and R Dor we confirm the existence of hotspots with brightness temperatures $>3000$ to $10000$~K. All four stars show deviations from spherical symmetry. We find variations on a timescale of days to weeks, and for R Leo we directly measure an outward motion of the millimetre wavelength surface with a velocity of at least $10.6\pm1.4$~km~s$^{-1}$. For all objects but W Hya we find that the temperature-radius and size-frequency relations require the existence of a (likely inhomogeneous) layer of enhanced opacity. The ALMA observations provide a unique probe of the structure of the extended AGB atmosphere. We find highly variable structures of hotspots and likely convective cells. In the future, these observations can be directly compared to multi-dimensional chromosphere and atmosphere models that determine the temperature, density, velocity, and ionisation structure between the stellar photosphere and the dust formation region. However, our results show that for the best interpretation, both very accurate flux calibration and near-simultaneous observations are essential.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, Accepted to A&A, final version after language editing
Simple method for excitation of a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Damski, Bogdan
name: Karkuszewski, Zbyszek P.
name: Sacha, Krzysztof
name: Zakrzewski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An appropriate, time-dependent modification of the trapping potential may be sufficient to create effectively collective excitations in a cold atom Bose-Einstein condensate. The proposed method is complementary to earlier suggestions and should allow the creation of both dark solitons and vortices.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Data management in anthropology: the next phase in ethics governance?
Creators: name: Pels, Peter
name: Boog, Igor
name: Florusbosch, J. Henrike
name: Kripe, Zane
name: Minter, Tessa
name: Postma, Metje
name: Sleeboom-Faulkner, Margaret
name: Simpson, Bob
name: Dilger, Hansjörg
name: Schönhuth, Michael
name: Poser, Anita Von
name: Castillo, Rosa Cordillera A.
name: Ledermann, Rena
name: Richards-Rissetto, Heather
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: data management
subject: epistemology
subject: ethics
subject: academic governance
subject: audit culture
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::650 Management, Öffentlichkeitsarbeit::658 Allgemeines Management
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::120 Epistemologie::121 Epistemologie

description: Recent demands for accountability in ‘data management’ by funding agencies, universities, international journals and other academic institutions have worried many anthropologists and ethnographers. While their demands for transparency and integrity in opening up data for scrutiny seem to enhance scientific integrity, such principles do not always consider the way the social relationships of research are properly maintained. As a springboard, the present Forum, triggered by such recent demands to account for the use of ‘data’, discusses the present state of anthropological research and academic ethics/integrity in a broader perspective. It specifically gives voice to our disciplinary concerns and leads to a principled statement that clarifies a particularly ethnographic position. This position is then discussed by several commentators who treat its viability and necessity against the background of wider developments in anthropology – sustaining the original insight that in ethnography, research materials have been co‐produced before they become commoditised into ‘data’. Finally, in moving beyond such a position, the Forum broadens the issue to the point where other methodologies and forms of ownership of research materials will also need consideration.
Space-time evolution of electron cascades in diamond
Creators: name: Ziaja, Beata
name: Szoeke, Abraham
name: van der Spoel, David
name: Hajdu, Janos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here we describe model calculations to follow the spatio-temporal evolution of secondary electron cascades in diamond. The band structure of the insulator has been explicitly incorporated into the calculations as it affects ionizations from the valence band. A Monte-Carlo model was constructed to describe the path of electrons following the impact of a single electron of energy E 250 eV. The results show the evolution of the secondary electron cascades in terms of the number of electrons liberated, the spatial distribution of these electrons, and the energy distribution among the electrons as a function of time. The predicted ionization rates (5-13 electrons in 100 fs) lie within the limits given by experiments and phenomenological models. Calculation of the local electron density and the corresponding Debye length shows that the latter is systematically larger than the radius of the electron cloud. This means that the electron gas generated does not represent a plasma in a single impact cascade triggered by an electron of E 250 eV energy. This is important as it justifies the independent-electron approximation used in the model. At 1 fs, the (average) spatial distribution of secondary electrons is anisotropic with the electron cloud elongated in the direction of the primary impact. The maximal radius of the cascade is about 50 A at this time. As the system cools, energy is distributed more equally, and the spatial distribution of the electron cloud becomes isotropic. At 90 fs maximal radius is about 150 A. The Monte-Carlo model described here could be adopted for the investigation of radiation damage in other insulators and has implications for planned experiments with intense femtosecond X-ray sources.
description: 26 pages, latex, 13 figures
Ageing Effects on Eye Movements in Reading: Effects of Word Predictability and Word Frequency
Creators: name: Zhang, Jiaqi
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The ability to read well is essential for individuals to function effectively in modern societies. However, numerous studies suggest this ability changes across the adult lifespan, and that older people are slower and less good readers. Measures of eye movements in reading provide an excellent method for studying these effects, as this is informative about both basic oculomotor behaviour and cognitive processes involved in word recognition in reading. I therefore report two studies looking at adult age differences in eye movements during reading. The first is an experiment that used the boundary paradigm to investigate age differences in the use of contextual information to parafoveally pre-process words. In this paradigm, an invisible boundary is placed in front of a specific target word in the text. Prior to the reader’s eyes crossing this boundary, the word is shown either as normal or masked (e.g., by replacing letters with visually similar letters). This word was also either highly predictable or less predictable from the prior context, allowing an examination of parafoveal preview effects for words that differ in predictability. Data collection was disrupted by the COVID-19 pandemic, although preliminary analyses point to age differences in predictability effects. A second study used meta-analysis to examine age differences in basic eye movement parameters and both word frequency and word predictability effects across studies conducted in alphabetic scripts and Chinese. The findings show a larger age difference for Chinese than alphabetic scripts (with slower and more careful reading by older adults). The findings also confirm age differences in word frequency and word predictability effects across both alphabetic scripts and Chinese, consistent with slower word recognition processes for older adults, especially when words are used less frequently or are less predictable from context. I discuss these findings in relation to theories of ageing effects in reading.
Time4sys2imi: A tool to formalize real-time system models under uncertainty
Creators: name: André, Étienne
name: Jerray, Jawher
name: Mhiri, Sahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time4sys is a formalism developed by Thales, realizing a graphical specification for real-time systems. However, this formalism does not allow to perform formal analyses for real-time systems. So a translation of this tool to a formalism equipped with a formal semantics is needed. We present here Time4sys2imi, a tool translating Time4sys models into parametric timed automata in the input language of IMITATOR. This translation allows not only to check the schedulability of real-time systems, but also to infer some timing constraints (e.g., deadlines, offsets) guaranteeing schedulability. We successfully applied Time4sys2imi to various examples.
description: This is the author (and extended) version of the manuscript of the same name published in the proceedings of ICTAC 2019. This work is supported by the ASTREI project funded by the Paris \^Ile-de-France Region, with the additional support of the ANR national research program PACS (ANR-14-CE28-0002) and ERATO HASUO Metamathematics for Systems Design Project (No. JPMJER1603), JST
Spatially resolved carbon and oxygen isotopic ratios in NGC 253 using optically thin tracers
Creators: name: Martin, S.
name: Muller, S.
name: Henkel, C.
name: Meier, D. S.
name: Aladro, R.
name: Sakamoto, K.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To trace chemical evolution in a prototypical starburst environment, we spatially resolve the carbon and oxygen isotope ratios across the central molecular zone (full size ~$\sim 600$ pc) in the nearby starburst galaxy NGC 253. We imaged the emission of the optically thin isotopologues $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, C$^{17}$O, $^{13}$C$^{18}$O at a spatial resolution $\sim50$ pc, comparable to the typical size of giant molecular associations. Optical depth effects and contamination of $^{13}$C$^{18}$O by C$_4$H is discussed and accounted for to derive column densities. This is the first extragalactic detection of the double isotopologue $^{13}$C$^{18}$O. Derived isotopic ratios $^{12}$C/$^{13}$C$\sim21\pm6$, $^{16}$O/$^{18}$O$\sim130\pm40$, and $^{18}$O/$^{17}$O$\sim4.5\pm0.8$ differ from the generally adopted values in the nuclei of galaxies. The molecular clouds in the central region of NGC 253 show similar rare isotope enrichment to those within the central molecular zone of the Milky way. This enrichment is attributed to stellar nucleosynthesis. Measured isotopic ratios suggest an enhancement of $^{18}$O as compared to our Galactic center, which we attribute to an extra $^{18}$O injection from massive stars. Our observations show evidence for mixing of distinct gas components with different degrees of processing. We observe an extra molecular component of highly processed gas on top of the already proposed less processed gas being transported to the central region of NGC 253. Such multicomponent nature and optical depth effects may hinder the use of isotopic ratios based on spatially unresolved line to infer the star formation history and/or initial stellar mass function properties in the nuclei of galaxies.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Building a strong European alliance for personality disorder research and intervention
Creators: name: Mehlum, Lars
name: Bateman, Anthony
name: Dalewijk, Henk Jan
name: Doering, Stephan
name: Kaera, Andres
name: Moran, Paul Anthony
name: Renneberg, Babette
name: Ribaudi, Joaquim Soler
name: Simonsen, Sebastian
name: Wilberg, Theresa
name: Bohus, Martin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Personality disorder
subject: Dissemination
subject: Network
subject: Non-governmental organization
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: People with personality disorders frequently face stigma, ignorance and pessimism regarding the treatability of their disorders. This is despite substantial progress that has been made in developing a number of effective evidence based psychotherapeutic treatments. However, expertise in how to systematically deliver these treatments in a sustainable way throughout Europe is largely lacking. To bridge the gap between evidence based treatments and their implementation in health services, the European Society for the Study of Personality Disorders is currently building a new alliance of experts to promote personality disorder scholarship, and to support the development of clinical expertise and systematic treatment implementation throughout Europe. The aim of this paper is to describe how the Society is currently using its interdisciplinary and international roster of experts to address the specific treatment and research needs of the European personality disorder field, particularly to countries in which expertise in the field is less developed.
General anesthesia might be associated with early periprosthetic joint infection: an observational study of 3,909 arthroplasties
Creators: name: Scholten, Ruben
name: Borg Leijtens
name: Gerjon Hannink
name: Kamphuis, Ed T
name: Somford, Matthijs P
name: Susante, Job L C Van
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Background and purpose — Periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) remains a devastating complication following total knee or total hip arthroplasty (TKA/THA). Nowadays, many studies focus on preventive strategies regarding PJI; however, the potential role of anesthesia in the development of PJI remains unclear. Patients and methods — All consecutive patients undergoing elective primary unilateral TKA or THA from January 2014 through December 2017 were included. Exclusion criteria included femoral fractures as the indication for surgery and previously performed osteosynthesis or hardware removal on the affected joint. Age, sex, BMI, ASA classification, type of arthroplasty surgery, type of anesthesia, duration of surgery, smoking status, and intraoperative hypothermia were recorded. Propensity score-matched univariable logistic regression analysis was used to control for allocation bias. Results — 3,909 procedures consisting of 54% THAs and 46% TKAs were available for analysis. 42% arthroplasties were performed under general anesthesia and 58% under spinal anesthesia. Early PJIs were observed in 1.7% of the general anesthesia group and in 0.8% in the spinal anesthesia group. The multivariable logistic regression model demonstrated an odds ratio for PJI of 2.0 (95% CI 1.0–3.7) after general anesthesia relative to the propensity score-matched patients who received spinal anesthesia. Interpretation — These results suggest a potential association between general anesthesia and early PJI. Future research using large-scale data is required to further elucidate this clinically relevant association.