cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stellar rotation, binarity, and lithium in the open cluster IC4756
Creators: name: Strassmeier, Klaus G.
name: Weingrill, Joerg
name: Granzer, Thomas
name: Bihain, Gabriel
name: Weber, Michael
name: Barnes, Sydney A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An important aspect in the evolutionary scenario of cool stars is their rotation and the rotationally induced magnetic activity and interior mixing. Stars in open clusters are particularly useful tracers for these aspects because of their known ages. We aim to characterize the open cluster IC4756 and measure stellar rotation periods and surface differential rotation for a sample of its member stars. Thirty-seven cluster stars were observed continuously with the CoRoT satellite for 78 days in 2010. Follow-up high-resolution spectroscopy of the CoRoT targets and deep Strömgren $uvbyβ$ and H$α$ photometry of the entire cluster were obtained with our robotic STELLA facility and its echelle spectrograph and wide-field imager, respectively. We determined high-precision photometric periods for 27 of the 37 CoRoT targets and found values between 0.155 and 11.4 days. Twenty of these are rotation periods. Twelve targets are spectroscopic binaries of which 11 were previously unknown; orbits are given for six of them. Six targets were found that show evidence of differential rotation with $ΔΩ/Ω$ in the range 0.04-0.15. Five stars are non-radially pulsating stars with fundamental periods of below 1d, two stars are semi-contact binaries, and one target is a micro-flaring star that also shows rotational modulation. Nine stars in total were not considered members because of much redder color(s) and deviant radial velocities with respect to the cluster mean. H$α$ photometry indicates that the cluster ensemble does not contain magnetically over-active stars. The cluster average metallicity is -0.08$\pm$0.06 (rms) and its logarithmic lithium abundance for 12 G-dwarf stars is 2.39$\pm$0.17 (rms). [...]
description: A&A, in press
High pressure investigation of superconducting signatures in CeCu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ : ac- magnetic susceptibility and heat capacity, resistivity and thermopower
Creators: name: Giriat, Gaétan
name: Ren, Zhi
name: Pedrazzini, Pablo
name: Jacard, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking advantage of a novel multiprobe setup we have measured, on a unique sample, the ac-magnetic susceptibility, the resistivity, the ac-specific heat and the thermopower of the superconductor heavy fermion CeCu$_{2}$Si$_{2}$ under pressure up to 5.1 GPa. At the superconducting transition temperature $T_c$, the Meissner signal corresponds to that expected for the sample volume and coincides with the specific heat jump and the resistive transition completion temperatures. Differing from previous observations, here the susceptibility measurements did not reveal any anomaly in the vicinity of the resistive transition onset.
Figures S2 from Small population size and low genomic diversity have no effect on fitness in experimental translocations of a wild fish
Creators: name: M. C. Yates
name: E. Bowles
name: D. J. Fraser
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Relationship between Nb estimates obtained using microsatellite and genomic (genotyping-by-sequencing) data. Solid line represents trendline (with corresponding R2), dotted line represents 1:1 ratio. Microsatellite data were from Bernos and Fraser (2016) and represent the mean of 2-6 annual cohorts of Nb within each population sampled between 2010-2015.
Federal Litigation and Partisan Gerrymandering: A Way Forward
Creators: name: Evans, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Partisan gerrymandering, the intentional drawing of district lines for partisan gain, has been a prominent democratic evil in the last decade and will likely remain a problem in the upcoming redistricting cycle. This process of removing democratic power through map drawing is antithetical to the aims of a well-functioning representative system, as the system becomes less responsive to the wants and needs of the people. Knowing this, it seems reasonable to attempt to rid the political system of these woes; however, little has yet been done. This paper addresses the current legal precedent as it relates to partisan gerrymandering, recognizes its failures, and proposes possible fixes to the problem as it stands. Reconsideration of racial gerrymandering and a possible due process argument are both considered as viable though not perfect solutions to the partisan gerrymandering problem.
Figures S2 and S3, and Tables S1-S4 from An X-linked meiotic drive allele has strong, recessive fitness costs in female Drosophila pseudoobscura.
Creators: name: Larner, William
name: Price, Tom
name: Holman, Luke
name: Wedell, Nina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Selfish ‘meiotic drive’ alleles are transmitted to more than 50% of offspring, allowing them to rapidly invade populations even if they reduce the fitness of individuals carrying them. Theory predicts that drivers should either fix or go extinct, yet some drivers defy these predictions by persisting at low, stable frequencies for decades. One possible explanation for this discrepancy is that drivers are especially costly when homozygous, although empirical tests of this idea are rare and equivocal. Here, we measure the fitness of female Drosophila pseudoobscura carrying zero, one or two copies of the X-linked driver sex ratio (SR). SR had strong negative effects on female offspring production and the probability of reproductive failure, and these effects were largely similar across four genetic backgrounds. SR was especially costly when homozygous. We used our fitness measurements to parametrize a population genetic model, and found that the female fitness costs observed here can explain the puzzlingly low allele frequency of SR in nature. We also use the model to show how spatial variation in female mating behaviour, fitness costs of SR and the reduced siring success of SR males can jointly explain the north–south cline in SR frequencies across North America.
Observations of Thomson scattering from a loop-prominence system
Creators: name: Oliveros, Juan Carlos Martínez
name: Gómez, Juan Camilo Guevara
name: Saint-Hilaire, Pascal
name: Hudson, Hugh
name: Krucker, Säm
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe observations of the white-light structures in the low corona following the X8.2 flare SOL2017-09-10, as observed in full Stokes parameters by the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) of the Solar Dynamics Observatory. These data show both bright loops and a diffuse emission region above them. We interpret the loops as the white-light counterpart of a classical loop-prominence system, intermediate between the hot X-ray loops and coronal rain. The diffuse emission external to the loops is linearly polarized and has a natural interpretation in terms of Thomson scattering from the hot plasma seen prior to its cooling and recombination. The polarimetric data from HMI enable us to distinguish this contribution of scattering from the HMI pseudo-continuum measurement, and to make a direct estimation of the coronal mass in the polarized source. For a snapshot at 16:19~UT, we estimate a mass $8 \times 10^{14}$~g. We further conclude that the volumetric filling factor of this source is near unity.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, Accepted in ApJ
Metastable cubic and tetragonal phases of transition metals predicted by density-functional theory
Creators: name: Schönecker, Stephan
name: Li, Xiaoqing
name: Koepernik, Klaus
name: Johansson, Börje
name: Vitos, Levente
name: Richter, Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By means of density-functional calculations, we systematically investigated 24 transition metals for possible metastable phases in body-centered tetragonal structure (bct), including face-centered cubic (fcc) and body-centered cubic (bcc) geometries. A total of 36 structures not coinciding with equilibrium phases were found to minimize the total energy for the bct degrees of freedom. Among these, the fcc structures of Sc, Ti, Co, Y, Zr, Tc, Ru, Hf, Re, and Os, and bct Zr with $c/a=0.82$ were found to be metastable according to their computed phonon spectra. Eight of these predicted phases are not known from the respective pressure-temperature phase diagrams. Possible ways to stabilize the predicted metastable phases are illustrated.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, 7 tables
(677) James Sutcliffe
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Immigration and Environmental Justice: A Look at the Disproportionate Effects of Air Pollution on Immigrant Communities in Spain
Creators: name: Lugo-Acosta, Yampiere
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: In this thesis, I explore the relationship between immigration, air pollution, and environmental justice in the Spanish context. I survey the policies and social forces that contribute to segregation in cities such as Madrid and Barcelona which can lead immigrants to be exposed to higher concentrations of air pollution. Specifically, I show that discrimination in the labor market and social marginalization drive immigrants to areas with elevated levels of nitrogen dioxide.
Generalized Einstein gravities and generalized AdS symmetries
Creators: name: Cardenas, L.
name: Diaz, J.
name: Salgado, P.
name: Salgado, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the curvatures 2 form asociated with AdSL4 valued one-form gauge connetion, and then we construct a four-dimensional action that generalize the Einstein-Hilbert gravity. It is shown that the Maxwell extension of Einstein gravity can be obtained from AdSL4-gravity making use of the Inonu-Wigner contraction method. In the same way, by gauging the AdSL5 spacetime algebra, the Einstein-Hilbert gravity is extended including the vector fields kab and ha which are associated with non-Abelian tensors and non Abelian vectors charges in the AdSL5 algebra. The B5 extension of Einstein gravity can be obtained from AdSL5 gravity using of the above mentioned contraction procedure. Some aspects of a gravity based on the algebra AdSL6 are considered in an appendix.
Supplementary Tables and Figures from Small population size and low genomic diversity have no effect on fitness in experimental translocations of a wild fish
Creators: name: M. C. Yates
name: E. Bowles
name: D. J. Fraser
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Little empirical work in nature has quantified how wild populations with varying effective population sizes and genetic diversity perform when exposed to a gradient of ecologically important environmental conditions. To achieve this, juvenile brook trout from 12 isolated populations or closed metapopulations that differ substantially in population size and genetic diversity was transplanted to previously fishless ponds spanning a wide gradient of ecologically important variables. We evaluated the effect of genome-wide variation, effective population size (Ne), pond habitat and initial body size on two fitness correlates (survival and growth). Genetic variables had little effect on either fitness correlate, which was determined primarily by habitat (pond temperature, depth and pH) and initial body size. These results suggest that some vertebrate populations with low genomic diversity, low Ne and long-term isolation can represent important sources of variation and be capable of maintaining fitness in, and ultimately persisting and adapting to, changing environments. Our results also reinforce the paramount importance of improving available habitat and slowing habitat degradation for species conservation.
Need of Animal Dissection in Present Scenario of Science Education
Creators: name: Shaikh, Ishrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Zoology not elsewhere classified

description: Use of animal in science education, particularly in dissection, has been an integral part of science curriculum, especially in classical zoology and its allied sciences. Recent directive by the U.G.C. to abstain from the use of animals in dissection is a matter of concern for educationists. Though the present decision adresses issues like animal safety, biodiversity, and ethical treatment of animals, etc., it has overlooked the benefits derived from animal research and progress in the field of drug development, agrochemicals, fundamental medical research, vaccine development etc. Animals used for science education are very less compared to total animals sacrified for other reasons.Ban on use of animals in education have led the educationist to search for alternative methods. Many software programmes, are there to encounter this difficulty, but they cannot give real life learning experience despite being interactive. Some organisms belonging to lower levels of phylogenetic tree which are abundantly available or can easily be raised in laboratory could be used as alternative model organisms. In areas like physiology, biochemistry and pharmacology, alternative tests could be devised with satisfactory results, but for study of anatomy and surgery, there can be no replacement to actual animals because of the hands-on experience that is a requisite skill in these fields.
Anemia and subjective memory complaints in pregnancy
Creators: name: Baffoe-Bonnie, Adwoa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: ABSTRACT
INTRODUCTION: Women often complain of memory failures in pregnancy. Anemia is commonly diagnosed during pregnancy and has the potential for relative cerebral hypoxia and subsequent cognitive impairment. We hypothesize that participants with anemia during pregnancy will be more likely to report worse subjective memory than those without anemia. 

METHODS: We conducted a nested cohort study enrolling women carrying singleton or multiple, non-anomalous pregnancies at < 28 weeks’ gestation. Participants had at least one venipuncture during pregnancy and completed up to 4 serial subjective memory questionnaires. The primary outcome was subjective memory (considered continuously). For the purposes of bivariable analyses, participants scoring in the lowest quartile on the memory questionnaire (“lower” subjective memory) were compared to those scoring in the upper 3 quartiles (“higher” subjective memory). Data were analyzed using two-tailed t-test, chi-square, Wilcoxon rank-sum, and linear regression with repeated measures as appropriate using STATA v.16.0. 

RESULTS: 424 women met inclusion criteria; 117 (27.6%) had anemia. The lowest composite memory score during pregnancy did not differ by maternal anemia status (mean 29.6 ± 8.1 for anemic patients vs. 28.8 ± 7.1 for non-anemic patients, p=0.357). Scores on the subjective memory questionnaire were significantly lower during the second trimester compared to the first trimester, regardless of maternal anemia status. More than half of participants who completed one or more questionnaires in the second trimester (57.7%) and third trimester (59.7%) reported their memory worsened as a result of pregnancy. In contrast, fewer participants reported their memory worsened due to the pandemic (21.3%, 24.4%, and 24.8% in the first, second, and third trimesters, respectively). In regression models, anemia was not associated with subjective memory score, though trimester of pregnancy at the time of assessment remained associated with subjective memory.

CONCLUSION: Many women self-report memory declines during pregnancy particularly during the second and third trimesters and attribute these declines to pregnancy itself. Maternal anemia was not significantly associated with subjective memory during pregnancy. Future studies should continue to investigate other factors that may contribute to reported memory declines in pregnancy and the possible clinical significance of subjective memory complaints.
Measurements of the $^{96}$Zr($α$,n)$^{99}$Mo cross section for astrophysics and applications
Creators: name: Hamad, Gula
name: Brandenburg, Kristyn
name: Meisel, Zach
name: Brune, Carl R.
name: Carter, Don E.
name: Ingram, David C.
name: Jones-Alberty, Yenuel
name: Massey, Thomas N.
name: Saxena, Mansi
name: Soltesz, Doug
name: Subedi, Shiv K.
name: Voinov, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The reaction $^{96}$Zr($α$,n)$^{99}$Mo plays an important role in $ν$-driven wind nucleosynthesis in core-collapse supernovae and is a possible avenue for medical isotope production. Cross section measurements were performed using the activation technique at the Edwards Accelerator Laboratory. Results were analyzed along with world data on the $^{96}{\rm Zr}(α,n)$ cross section and $^{96}{\rm Zr}(α,α)$ differential cross section using large-scale Hauser-Feshbach calculations. We compare our data, previous measurements, and a statistical description of the reaction. We find a larger cross section at low energies compared to prior experimental results, allowing for a larger astrophysical reaction rate. This may impact results of core-collapse supernova $ν$-driven wind nucleosynthesis calculations, but does not significantly alter prior conclusions about $^{99}{\rm Mo}$ production for medical physics applications. The results from our large-scale Hauser-Feshbach calculations demonstrate that phenomenological optical potentials may yet be adequate to describe $(α,n)$ reactions of interest for $ν$-driven wind nucleosynthesis, albeit with regionally-adjusted model parameters.
description: accepted to PRC
Non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and stability of pure states
Creators: name: Zloshchastiev, Konstantin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that quantum fluctuations can cause, under certain conditions, the dynamical instability of pure states that can result in their evolution into mixed states. It is shown that the degree and type of such an instability are controlled by the environment-induced anti-Hermitian parts of Hamiltonians. Using the quantum-statistical approach for non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and related non-linear master equation, we derive the equations that are necessary to study the stability properties of any model described by a non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. It turns out that the instability of pure states is not preassigned in the evolution equation but arises as the emergent phenomenon in its solutions. In order to illustrate the general formalism and different types of instability that may occur, we perform the local stability analysis of some exactly solvable two-state models, which can be used in the theories of open quantum-optical and spin systems.
description: 7 pages, 2 composite figures. Updates: v2: changed title, minor corrections (published version)
(672) Florence Alexandra Ladmore
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Spillover Effects and Pricing Incentives in Vaccine Markets
Creators: name: Jia, Luyang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: This thesis analyzes spillover effects and pricing incentives in vaccine markets. I build a theoretical model to incorporate spillovers from vaccination into the demand curve of vaccines. Then, I apply the model to three price-setting mechanisms (Profit Maximization, Social Surplus Maximization, and Nash Bargaining) to calculate the equilibrium price and market share under each. Through mathematical proof, four key findings can be drawn from this thesis: (1) The private demand for vaccines decreases and becomes less elastic given the spillover effect. (2) Profit maximized market shares continuously shrink as the spillover effect gets stronger. (3) Social optimal prices fall and stay below the marginal cost for all with spillover cases. (4) Bilateral bargaining (Nash Bargaining) is a better approach than direct purchases (Profit Maximization) to acquire vaccines from a monopoly firm, attributing to higher market power gained by the government (as a representative of consumers) in the negotiation; Nash Bargaining can internalize the spillover-related changes in prices and market shares from two other mechanisms.
TIPS ON GETTING RECENT SCHOLARLY LITERATURE MATERIALS FOR THESIS AND OTHER ACADEMIC WRITING
Creators: name: Adebayo Ola AFOLARANMI, PhD
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: tips on recent scholarly works
Google Scholar
academic social network services
artificial intelligence (AI) tools
Sage Publications

description: It is now a prerequisite in many academic institutions and many academic journals that most of the cited works in academic writing, especially theses and dissertations, be recent. This short article aims to give some tips on how a researcher can get recent scholarly literature materials. The tips are based on the author’s experience when he was writing his PhD thesis and thereafter. The article concluded with a recommendation that researchers should continue to explore the given tips and other means through modern technological tools to be up-to-date in their chosen fields.
Fig S1. from An X-linked meiotic drive allele has strong, recessive fitness costs in female Drosophila pseudoobscura.
Creators: name: Larner, William
name: Price, Tom
name: Holman, Luke
name: Wedell, Nina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Schematic of the crossing scheme
Tips dan trik dalam menyusun expose atau proposal penelitian S3
Creators: name: Nurhas, Irawan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: expose
proposal penelitian S3
rencana penelitian S3
riset proposal S3

description: Dalam presentasi ini akan dibahas mengenai apa itu expose atau proposal penelitian studi doktoral atau S3. apa saja bagian-bagian dalam sebuah expose dan tips dan trik yang perlu diperhatikan dalam penyusunannya.Sebuah expose berisi tentang rencana penelitian yang akan dilakukan selama studi S3. digunakan sebagai syarat administrasi untuk program S3 baik melalui beasiswa ikatan kerja, menjadi gerbang awal diskusi lanjut dan detain penelitian dengan calon pembimbing S3.
Configurational space discretization and free energy calculation in complex molecular systems
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
name: Long, Shiyang
name: Tian, Pu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trajectories provide dynamical information that is discarded in free energy calculations, for which we sought to design a scheme with the hope of saving cost for generating dynamical information. We first demonstrated that snapshots in a converged trajectory set are associated with implicit conformers that have invariant statistical weight distribution (ISWD). Based on the thought that infinite number of sets of implicit conformers with ISWD may be created through independent converged trajectory sets, we hypothesized that explicit conformers with ISWD may be constructed for complex molecular systems through systematic increase of conformer fineness, and tested the hypothesis in lipid molecule palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylcholine (POPC). Furthermore, when explicit conformers with ISWD were utilized as basic states to define conformational entropy, change of which between two given macrostates was found to be equivalent to change of free energy except a mere difference of a negative temperature factor, and change of enthalpy essentially cancels corresponding change of average intra-conformer entropy. These findings suggest that entropy enthalpy compensation is inherently a local phenomenon in configurational space. By implicitly taking advantage of entropy enthalpy compensation and forgoing all dynamical information, constructing explicit conformers with ISWD and counting thermally accessible number of which for interested end macrostates is likely to be an efficient and reliable alternative end point free energy calculation strategy.
description: 27 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
(674) John Deane Baker
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Effect of impact velocity and angle on deformational heating and post-impact temperature
Creators: name: Wakita, Shigeru
name: Genda, Hidenori
name: Kurosawa, Kosuke
name: Davison, Thomas M.
name: Johnson, Brandon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The record of impact induced shock-heating in meteorites is an important key for understanding the collisional history of the solar system. Material strength is important for impact heating, but the effect of impact angle and impact velocity on shear heating remains poorly understood. Here, we report three-dimensional oblique impact simulations, which confirm the enhanced heating due to material strength and explore the effects of impact angle and impact velocity. We find that oblique impacts with an impact angle that is steeper than 45 degree produce a similar amount of heated mass as vertical impacts. On the other hand, grazing impacts produce less heated mass and smaller heated regions compared to impacts at steeper angles. We derive an empirical formula of the heated mass, as a function of the impact angle and velocity. This formula can be used to estimate the impact conditions (velocity and angle) that had occurred and caused Ar loss in the meteoritic parent bodies. Furthermore, our results indicate that grazing impacts at higher impact velocities could generate a similar amount of heated material as vertical impacts at lower velocities. As the heated material produced by grazing impacts has experienced lower pressure than the material heated by vertical impacts, our results imply that grazing impacts may produce weakly shock-heated meteorites.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in JGR: Planets
The Fundamental Plane Is Not a Plane: Warped Nature of the Fundamental Plane of Early-type Galaxies and Its Implication for Galaxy Formation
Creators: name: Yoon, Yongmin
name: Park, Changbom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on $16,283$ early-type galaxies (ETGs) in $0.025\le z_\mathrm{spec}<0.055$ from Sloan Digital Sky Survey data, we show that the fundamental plane (FP) of ETGs is not a plane in the strict sense but is a curved surface with a twisted shape whose orthogonal direction to the surface is shifted as the central velocity dispersion ($σ_0$) or mean surface brightness within the half-light radius ($μ_e$) changes. When ETGs are divided into subsamples according to $σ_0$, the coefficient of $μ_e$ of the FP increases, whereas the zero-point of the FP decreases at higher $σ_0$. Taking the $z$ band as an example, the coefficient of $μ_e$ rises from $0.28$ to $0.36$ as $σ_0$ increases from $\sim100$ to $\sim300$ km s$^{-1}$. At the same time, the zero-point of the FP falls from $-7.5$ to $-9.0$ in the same $σ_0$ range. The consistent picture on the curved nature of the FP is also reached by inspecting changes in the FP coefficients for ETG subsamples with different $μ_e$. By examining scaling relations that are projections of the FP, we suggest that the warped nature of the FP may originate from dry merger effects that are imprinted more prominently in ETGs with higher masses.
description: 20 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in the ApJ
(669) Frederick [William] Grauhan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Evaluation and ranking of urban sustainability based on sustainability assessment by fuzzy evaluation model
Creators: name: Robati, Maryam
name: F., Rezaei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Global and planetary environmental engineering
Environmental engineering not elsewhere classified
Environmentally sustainable engineering
Physical geography and environmental geoscience not elsewhere classified
Other environmental sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Urban sustainability can be considered as a part of sustainable development, which emphasizes the balance between three dimensions of environmental, economic, and social sustainability to improve human well-being and the quality of life. In this study, it was attempted to assess urban sustainability in the most critical, populous, and expanded district of Tehran (district 4) using sustainability assessment by fuzzy evaluation. For this purpose, 52 primary indices which were divided into 8 secondary components were employed. Among them, 18 indices for environmental issues were grouped into three secondary indices as E1, to E3, and 34 indices for economic–social and cultural issues were classified into five secondary indices as H1 to H5. The results revealed that 56% of the study area was potentially unsustainable and 44% of it had a medium sustainability in terms of environmental aspects. Furthermore, 65% of the study area had a medium human well-being sustainability and 35% of it was potentially unsustainable in terms of economic–social and cultural aspects. Finally, 45% of the study area was found unsuitable in terms of overall urban sustainability. The functional sample proposed in the present study can provide the directors and planners with the required information about the condition of sustainability in the most important district of Tehran.
Breaking of universal relationships of axial wI-modes in hybrid stars: rapid and slow hadron-quark conversion scenarios
Creators: name: Ranea-Sandoval, Ignacio F.
name: Guilera, Octavio M.
name: Mariani, Mauro
name: Lugones, Germán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multi-messenger astronomy with gravitational waves is a blooming area whose limits are not clear. After the first detection of binary black hole merger and the famous event GW170817 and its electromagnetic counterpart, the compact-object astrophysical community is starting to grasp the physical implications of such event and trying to improve numerical models to compare with future observations. Moreover, recent detections made by the NICER collaboration increased the tension between several theoretical models used to describe matter in the inner core of compact objects. In this paper, we focus on quadrupolar purely spacetime wI-modes of oscillating compact objects described using a wide range of hybrid equations of state able to include several theoretical possibilities of exotic matter in the inner core of such stars. We study the case in which a sharp first order hadron-quark phase transition occurs and explore the scenarios of rapid and slow phase conversions at the interface. We put special attention on the validity of universal relationships for the oscillation frequency and damping time that might help unravel the mysteries hidden at the inner cores of compact objects. We show that, within the slow conversion regime where extended branches of hybrid stars appear, universal relationships for wI-modes proposed in the literature do not hold.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in PRD
(671) Caroline Eleanor Grauhan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
CoRoT Data Reduction By Example
Creators: name: Weingrill, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data reduction techniques published so far for the CoRoT N2 data product were targeted primarily on the detection of extrasolar planets. Since the whole dataset has been released, specific algorithms are required to process the lightcurves from CoRoT correctly. Though only unflagged datapoints must be chosen for scientific processing, some flags might be reconsidered. The reduction of data along with improving the signal-to-noise ratio can be achieved by applying a one dimensional drizzle algorithm. Gaps can be filled by linear interpolated data without harming the frequency spectrum. Magnitudes derived from the CoRoT color channels might be used to derive additional information about the targets. Depending on the needs, various filters in the frequency domain remove either the red noise background or high frequency noise. The autocorrelation function or the least squares periodogram are appropriate methods to identify periodic signals.The methods described here are not strictly limited to CoRoT data but may also be applied on Kepler data or the upcoming Plato mission.
Flow harmonics $v_n$ at finite density
Creators: name: Hatta, Yoshitaka
name: Monnai, Akihiko
name: Xiao, Bo-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the Gubser solution of viscous hydrodynamics by including the finite density effect and analytically compute the flow harmonics $v_n$. We explicitly show how $v_n$ and their viscous corrections depend on the chemical potential. The difference in $v_n$ between particles and antiparticles is also analytically computed and shown to be proportional to various chemical potentials and the viscosity. Excellent agreement is obtained between the results and the available experimental data from the SPS, RHIC and the LHC.
description: 30 pages, 5 figures; v2: figures revised, discussion added, to be published in PRD
Figures S2 and S3, and Tables S1-S4 from An X-linked meiotic drive allele has strong, recessive fitness costs in female Drosophila pseudoobscura
Creators: name: Larner, William
name: Price, Tom
name: Holman, Luke
name: Wedell, Nina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Selfish ‘meiotic drive’ alleles are transmitted to greater than 50% of offspring, allowing them to rapidly invade populations even if they reduce the fitness of individuals carrying them. Theory predicts that drivers should either fix or go extinct, yet some drivers defy these predictions by persisting at low, stable frequencies for decades. One possible explanation for this discrepancy is that drivers are especially costly when homozygous, although empirical tests of this idea are rare and equivocal. Here, we measure the fitness of female Drosophila pseudoobscura carrying zero, one or two copies of the X-linked driver sex ratio (SR). SR had strong negative effects on female offspring production and the probability of reproductive failure, and these effects were largely similar across four genetic backgrounds. SR was especially costly when homozygous. We used our fitness measurements to parametrize a population genetic model, and found that the female fitness costs observed here can explain the puzzlingly low allele frequency of SR in nature. We also use the model to show how spatial variation in female mating behaviour, fitness costs of SR and the reduced siring success of SR males can jointly explain the North–South cline in SR frequencies across North America.
Dissimilar Donuts in the Sky? Effects of a Pressure Singularity on the Circular Photon Orbits and Shadow of a Cosmological Black Hole
Creators: name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The black hole observations obtained so far indicate one thing: similar "donuts" exist in the sky. But what if some of the observed black hole shadows that will obtained in the future are different from the others? In this work the aim is to show that a difference in the shadow of some observed black holes in the future, might explain the $H_0$-tension problem. In this letter we investigate the possible effects of a pressure cosmological singularity on the circular photon orbits and the shadow of galactic supermassive black holes at cosmological redshifts. Since the pressure singularity is a global event in the Universe, the effects of the pressure singularity will be imposed on supermassive black holes at a specific redshift. As we show, the pressure singularity affects the circular photon orbits around cosmological black holes described by the McVittie metric, and specifically, for some time before the time instance that the singularity occurs, the photon orbits do not exist. We discuss the possible effects of the absence of circular photon orbits on the shadow of these black holes. Our idea indicates that if a pressure singularity occurred in the near past, then this could have a direct imprint on the shadow of supermassive galactic black holes at the redshift corresponding to the time instance that the singularity occurred in the past. Thus, if a sample of shadows is observed in the future for redshifts $z\leq 0.01$, and for a specific redshift differences are found in the shadows, this could be an indication that a pressure singularity occurred, and this global event might resolve the $H_0$-tension as discussed in previous work. However, the observation of several shadows at redshifts $z\leq 0.01$ is rather a far future task.
description: EPL Accepted
Combinatorics and complexity of guarding polygons with edge and point 2-transmitters
Creators: name: Cannon, Sarah
name: Fai, Thomas G.
name: Iwerks, Justin
name: Leopold, Undine
name: Schmidt, Christiane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a generalization of the classical Art Gallery Problem, where instead of a light source, the guards, called $k$-transmitters, model a wireless device with a signal that can pass through at most $k$ walls. We show it is NP-hard to compute a minimum cover of point 2-transmitters, point $k$-transmitters, and edge 2-transmitters in a simple polygon. The point 2-transmitter result extends to orthogonal polygons. In addition, we give necessity and sufficiency results for the number of edge 2-transmitters in general, monotone, orthogonal monotone, and orthogonal polygons.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Examining the Association Between Self-Esteem and Perfectionism Across Black and White College Women to Predict Bulimic Symptoms
Creators: name: DePollo, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Objective: Self-esteem and perfectionism are two key risk factors for eating disorder symptoms, where lower levels of self-esteem are associated with greater eating pathology and higher levels of perfectionism are predictive of disordered eating. However, these findings emerge from samples of predominantly White females. Evidence has shown that self-esteem and perfectionism may differ across racial groups. Therefore, the goal of this study was to evaluate the associations between self-esteem and perfectionism on bulimic symptoms among Black and White female college students across a five-month period.
Method: Participants (N=226) were 156 self-identifying White and 70 self-identifying Black female college students who completed questionnaires investigating self-esteem, maladaptive perfectionism, and bulimic symptoms at baseline and again five months later.
Results: Fisher’s r to z correlations revealed that T1 self-esteem was significantly more negatively associated with T2 bulimic symptoms among Black women compared to White women. In contrast, the bivariate relationship between perfectionism and bulimic symptoms did not differ significantly across the two groups. The three-way interaction between self-esteem, perfectionism, and race was not associated with bulimic symptoms, although there was a trend toward significance. Evaluations of separate two-way interactions between self-esteem and race, and between perfectionism and race, indicated neither model significantly predicted bulimic symptoms across time.
Discussion: These findings suggest that self-esteem has a stronger negative relationship for bulimic symptoms among Black women. However, after controlling for baseline bulimic symptoms, self-esteem does not differently predict changes in bulimic symptoms for Black and White women. There was no significant difference regarding the relationships between perfectionism and bulimic symptoms among Black and White women. Clinicians should avoid making generalizations about race and eating disorder symptoms, or relationships with eating disorder symptoms, and researchers should continue to test hypotheses about risk factors for eating disorders in racially diverse samples.
Quantization Rules for Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Kakushadze, Zura
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a manifestly covariant way of arriving at the quantization rules based on causality, with no reference to Poisson or Peierls brackets of any kind.
description: 5 pages; two misprints corrected
Fig S1. from An X-linked meiotic drive allele has strong, recessive fitness costs in female Drosophila pseudoobscura
Creators: name: Larner, William
name: Price, Tom
name: Holman, Luke
name: Wedell, Nina
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Schematic of the crossing scheme
Non-parametric Bayesian Models of Response Function in Dynamic Image Sequences
Creators: name: Tichý, Ondřej
name: Šmídl, Václav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Estimation of response functions is an important task in dynamic medical imaging. This task arises for example in dynamic renal scintigraphy, where impulse response or retention functions are estimated, or in functional magnetic resonance imaging where hemodynamic response functions are required. These functions can not be observed directly and their estimation is complicated because the recorded images are subject to superposition of underlying signals. Therefore, the response functions are estimated via blind source separation and deconvolution. Performance of this algorithm heavily depends on the used models of the response functions. Response functions in real image sequences are rather complicated and finding a suitable parametric form is problematic. In this paper, we study estimation of the response functions using non-parametric Bayesian priors. These priors were designed to favor desirable properties of the functions, such as sparsity or smoothness. These assumptions are used within hierarchical priors of the blind source separation and deconvolution algorithm. Comparison of the resulting algorithms with these priors is performed on synthetic dataset as well as on real datasets from dynamic renal scintigraphy. It is shown that flexible non-parametric priors improve estimation of response functions in both cases. MATLAB implementation of the resulting algorithms is freely available for download.
description: 19 pages, Preprint submitted to Elsevier