cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Carbon Footprint Analysis of CIGS Thin-Film PV Modules with Focus on Building-Integrated Applications
Creators: name: Borowski, P.
name: Grömmer, F.
name: Karg, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Sustainability and Recycling

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 901-906
description: Carbon footprint (CF), being the most important parameter of a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of a product, is becoming a vital quantity both in the field of energy production and in the sector of building materials. Focusing on the three production stages A1 to A3 (“cradle-to-gate”, DIN EN 15804), the carbon footprint of a Copper-IndiumGallium-Selenide (CIGS) thin-film photovoltaic (PV) module of the manufacturer AVANCIS is computed for the production in Germany. From the main result of 59 kg CO2eq per module, deduced quantities are reported: carbon footprint per area, per kWp, per kWh electricity generated, energy payback time as well as the carbon payback period. For two types of PV systems in Munich, Germany, values for the latter in the range of 1 to 1.6 years are obtained. The paper briefly discusses the relevance and sources of input data and compares the quality of simple estimates with the result obtained with a commercially available software for LCA. It is found that energy consumption during production and the module’s content of glass and steel account for approximately 80% of the total carbon footprint of a glass-glass CIGS thin-film PV module. Different to crystalline silicon PV modules, the contribution of the material forming the semiconductor is small and below 10%.
Dual-frequency injection-locked continuous-wave near-infrared laser
Creators: name: Gavara, Trivikramarao
name: Ohashi, Takeru
name: Sasaki, Yusuke
name: Kawashima, Takuya
name: Hamano, Hiroaki
name: Yoshizaki, Ryo
name: Fujimura, Yuki
name: Yoshii, Kazumichi
name: Ohae, Chiaki
name: Katsuragawa, Masayuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a dual-frequency injection-locked continuous-wave near-infrared laser. The entire system consists of a Ti:sapphire ring laser as a power oscillator, two independent diode-lasers employed as seed lasers, and a master cavity providing a frequency reference. Stable dual-frequency injection-locked oscillation is achieved with a maximum output power of 2.8 W. As fundamental performance features of this laser system, we show its single longitudinal/transverse mode characteristics and practical power stability. Furthermore, as advanced features, we demonstrate arbitrary selectivity of the two frequencies and flexible control of their relative powers by simply manipulating the seed lasers.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Adapting PVGIS to Trends in Climate, Technology and User Needs
Creators: name: Gracia Amillo, A.M.
name: Taylor, N.
name: Martinez Fernandez, A.M.
name: Dunlop, E.D.
name: Mavrogiorgios, P.
name: Fahl, F.
name: Arcaro, G.
name: Pinedo, I.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: PV Systems – Modelling, Design, Operation and Performance
Solar Resource and Forecasting

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 907-911
description: The Photovoltaic Geographical Information System tool (PVGIS) of the European Commission is a very popular online tool which provides open access high-quality and high-resolution data at continental scale of solar radiation and other climatological variables, like ambient temperature and wind speed. PVGIS also provides estimates of the power output of different photovoltaic (PV) technologies and system configurations. These datasets and estimates are based on data from 2005 to 2016. The present study describes the processes adopted to update the various datasets with improved solar radiation and climatological data and an extended time frame up to 2020. A preliminary analysis on the long-term trends of those variables will be presented along with the implications of considering the updated datasets in the estimated PV potential at continental scale. Preliminary results show that the addition of data from 2017 to 2020 leads to increased levels of irradiation and PV production in most European locations. The analysis presented here is part of an ongoing project to analyze in further detail the long-term trends of the various variables involved in the PV output estimation and the implications on the PV performance at continental scale.
New Developments in Accelerated Weathering Tests for Back-Contact Modules
Creators: name: Meijers, G.J.W.
name: Pastukhov, L.
name: Janssen, R.H.C.
name: Van Duijnhoven, F.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 885-887
description: Back-contact solar modules made with crystalline silicon cells are, to-date, amongst the highest peak power density devices on the market and are predicted to retain this status also in the coming year. One of the challenges for this technology was for some time the availability of reliable supply of conductive backsheet, back-contact solar cells and back-encapsulants which has been addressed for some years now. Still the industry is continuously searching for better and cheaper bill-of-materials, however the introduction of these materials is very timeconsuming as quite some accelerated ageing tests are needed to certify the solar modules, typically over a period of 5-6 months of time. In this study, three different methods have been investigated, showing a similar ageing profile achieved in a shorter timeframe. The first method is the use of a single-contact solar device, which is much more sensitive during ageing and thus gives a quicker indication of changes in material properties. The second method is the use of a thermal shock chamber instead of thermal cycling. Third method makes use of damp-heat testing at elevated temperatures.
On exploration of geometrically constrained space by medicinal leeches Hirudo verbana
Creators: name: Adamatzky, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Leeches are fascinating creatures: they have simple modular nervous circuitry m yet exhibit a rich spectrum of behavioural modes. Leeches could be ideal blue-prints for designing flexible soft robots which are modular, multi-functional, fault-tolerant, easy to control, capable for navigating using optical, mechanical and chemical sensorial inputs, have autonomous inter-segmental coordination and adaptive decision-making. With future designs of leech-robots in mind we study how leeches behave in geometrically constrained spaces. Core results of the paper deal with leeches exploring a row of rooms arranged along a narrow corridor. In laboratory experiments we find that rooms closer to ends of the corridor are explored by leeches more often than rooms in the middle of the corridor. Also, in series of scoping experiments, we evaluate leeches capabilities to navigating in mazes towards sources of vibration and chemo-attraction. We believe our results lay foundation for future developments of robots mimicking behaviour of leeches.
Surface plasmon polariton assisted optical pulling force
Creators: name: Petrov, M. I.
name: Sukhov, S. V.
name: Bogdanov, A. A.
name: Shalin, A. S.
name: Dogariu, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate both analytically and numerically the existence of optical pulling forces acting on particles located near plasmonic interfaces. Two main factors contribute to the appearance of this negative reaction force. The interference between the incident and reflected waves induces a rotating dipole with an asymmetric scattering pattern while the directional excitation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP) enhances the linear momentum of scattered light. The strongly asymmetric SPP excitation is determined by spin-orbit coupling of the rotating dipole and surface plasmon polariton. As a result of the total momentum conservation, the force acting on the particle points in a direction opposite to the incident wave propagation. We derive analytical expressions for the force acting on a dipolar particles placed in the proximity of plasmonic surfaces. Analytical expressions for this pulling force are derived within the dipole approximation and are in excellent agreement with results of electromagnetic numerical calculations. The forces acting on larger particles are analyzed numerically, beyond the dipole approximation.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, supplementary materials (7 pages, movie)
High density NV sensing surface created via He^(+) ion implantation of (12)^C diamond
Creators: name: Kleinsasser, Ed E.
name: Stanfield, Matthew M.
name: Banks, Jannel K. Q.
name: Zhu, Zhouyang
name: Li, Wen-Di
name: Acosta, Victor M.
name: Watanabe, Hideyuki
name: Itoh, Kohei M.
name: Fu, Kai-Mei C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a promising method for creating high-density ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy centers with narrow spin-resonances for high-sensitivity magnetic imaging. Practically, narrow spin-resonance linewidths substantially reduce the optical and RF power requirements for ensemble-based sensing. The method combines isotope purified diamond growth, in situ nitrogen doping, and helium ion implantation to realize a 100 nm-thick sensing surface. The obtained 10^(17) cm^(-3) nitrogen-vacancy density is only a factor of 10 less than the highest densities reported to date, with an observed spin resonance linewidth over 10 times more narrow. The 200 kHz linewidth is most likely limited by dipolar broadening indicating even further reduction of the linewidth is desirable and possible.
description: 5 pages including references. 3 figures
End-of-Life Management of Solar Photovoltaic Panels in India - Identification of Needs, Stakeholders & Challenges
Creators: name: Ganesan, K.
name: Valderrama, C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Sustainability and Recycling

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 888-896
description: Solar Photovoltaic systems create a positive impact by bringing energy equity, security, and environmental sustainability to societies across the World. Given the current volume of installations, especially in India, and those planned in the future, the need to sustainably manage Solar PV panels at the end of their useful life is undeniable. This study outlines the need for the sustainable end of life management of crystalline silicon solar panels in India. Apart from avoiding environmental impact due to unsafe disposal, sustainable end of life management can relieve raw material supply constraints. A material criticality analysis is conducted on forecasted PV panel production in India until 2050. The results highlight the various raw material supply constraints and the volume of materials embedded within PV panels until 2050 with respect to the current production volumes. This study also provides an interactive stakeholder map displaying the location and the related parameters of potential PV waste generation sites and downstream recyclers in India for end-of-life management of PV panels. A preliminary zone-wise analysis has been carried out to identify a geographical mismatch between stakeholder locations that could affect the transportation of waste in the future and tentatively quantity the number of PV takeback and recycling centres needed in India in the near future. This map can serve as a reference for future studies to be carried out for location optimization of PV takeback and recycling centres in India.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions Avoidance by Photovoltaic Plants on the Road to Carbon Neutrality
Creators: name: Tavora, J.
name: Cortinhal, M.J.
name: Meireles, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
Sustainability and Recycling

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 897-900
description: Roadmaps to carbon neutrality challenge GHG emissions savings by solar PV energy: current systems are still largely produced using fossil fuels and PV plants occupy for decades land areas that might capture and store atmospheric carbon. We take primary emissions from three PV technologies and secondary emissions from vegetation clearing in PV power plant sites and compare them to lifecycle emissions savings from PV energy over continental Portugal assuming that the carbon intensity of the electrical grid is decreased linearly to near zero in thirty years. The balance is revealed by the emissions payback time (CPBT) metric. In our approach, time affects emissions over a PV plant’s lifetime in three ways: overall decreasing grid carbon intensity, yearly avoided grid emissions, and yearly cancelled carbon capture due to land cover clearing - a forest of planted eucalyptus trees. Results for mono-Si reveal mean emissions payback times of 14 years for the lowest irradiation places, and 10.5 to 12.5 years for 93% of the territory. Secondary emissions increase the mean value to 19, with a maximum of 24 years. These figures strongly recommend that national regulators enforce checks on primary and secondary emissions by PV systems sited on forested land.
Gas Giants & BDs with VLT to Super-Earths with METIS on the ELT
Creators: name: Meyer, Michael R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: SPHERE, ERIS, METIS, JWST

description: Mature planet populations at large orbital radii have been observed around young nearby stars with VLT, with SPHERE, NACO, and soon ERIS. Based on the distance/age of host star samples, as well as realized contrast curves and background-limited performance, difference samples are best done at different wavelengths. We review the complementary nature of SPHERE, ERIS, and JWST, which sets the stage for direct imaging with METIS on the ELT.
Spatially Resolved Leakage Current Density in Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Nagel, H.
name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Philipp, D.
name: Neuhaus, H.D.
name: Glunz, S.W.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 876-879
description: Due to the non-negligible electrical conductivity of module building materials, small leakage currents flow between the grounded module frame and the active cell matrix in photovoltaic (PV) modules under normal operation conditions, which can lead to significant degradation, such as e. g. potential-induced degradation of the shunting type (PID-s). In general, the degradation rate is strongly correlated with the leakage current density, which is highly dependent on the position in large-area modules due to the voltage drop between the frame and the cells. In this work, we present easy-to-use mathematical equations for rapid analytical calculation of the spatial leakage current density distribution in PV modules as a function of distance from the grounded module frame. The validity of the equations is confirmed by numerical simulation of a resistor network. As an applica- tion, the leakage current density distribution in a standard c-Si PV module was analytically calculated as a function of temperature and relative humidity, and the width of the circumferential module area threatened by PID-s was predicted under accelerated test conditions.
Assessment of Ware House Management the Case Of Ethiopian National Defense Main Department of Logistics in Adama
Creators: name: Begashaw, Belayhun
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: In most developing countries like Ethiopia the practices of warehouse management are optimally underutilized and non-organized . There is a strong agreement on the need of researching the gaps and major challenges of warehouse management practices and recommend feasible solutions to the gaps. Undeniable warehouse management is an essential element of any supply chain management effectiveness. Thus, this study has been carried-out to assess the practice of warehousing management of spare parts chain management of the Ethiopian national defense main logistics department at Adama city. A mixed method of research design has been used to realize the objective just mentioned. Both primary and secondary sources were used. In today's global business environment, computer systems are involved in business process providing quality products and efficient services are vital to staying competitive. Warehouse must eliminate inefficiencies, monitor productivity, and continually improve their operational performance in order to keep pace. The sole purpose of conducting this research is to improve the warehouse management activities used in our present time, warehouse management data base technological development industry and the techniques that could improve the warehouse management in the organization. This research paper has been organized in to five chapters. The first chapter deals with Introduction which includes, background of the study, statement of the problem, basic research questions, objectives of the study, significance of the study, scope of the study, limitation of the study, organization of the study, and definition of terms. The second chapter contained related literature review which focused on theoretical framework, warehouse management conceptual issue, types of warehouses, purpose /functions of warehouse and characteristics of ideal warehouse. The third chapter contained research methodology with study area descriptions, study design, data collection methods and instruments, study population sample size and sampling technique, pilot test, method of data analysis, ethical consideration, validity and reliability. Chapter four also included data analysis, interpretation and discussion. The last chapter has contained summary, conclusion and recommendation the study. This study has been assessed based on heir relevancy priority
Higgs Phenomenology in the Minimal $SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ Model
Creators: name: Okada, Hiroshi
name: Okada, Nobuchika
name: Orikasa, Yuta
name: Yagyu, Kei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phenomenology of a model based on the $SU(3)_c\times SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ gauge theory, the so-called 331 model. In particular, we focus on the Higgs sector of the model which is composed of three $SU(3)_L$ triplet Higgs fields, and this corresponds to the minimal form to realize phenomenologically acceptable scenario. After the spontaneous symmetry breaking $SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X\to SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$, our Higgs sector effectively becomes that with two $SU(2)_L$ doublet scalar fields, in which the first and the second generation quarks couple to the different Higgs doublet from that couples to the third generation quarks. This structure causes the flavour changing neutral current mediated by Higgs bosons at the tree level. By taking an alignment limit of the mass matrix for the CP-even Higgs bosons, which is naturally realized in the case with the breaking scale of $SU(3)_L\times U(1)_X$ to be much larger than that of $SU(2)_L\times U(1)_Y$, we can avoid current constraints from flavour experiments such as the $B^0$-$\bar{B}^0$ mixing even for the Higgs bosons masses being ${\cal O}(100)$ GeV. In this allowed parameter space, we clarify that a characteristic deviation in quark Yukawa couplings of the standard model-like Higgs boson is predicted, which has a different pattern from that seen in two Higgs doublet models with a softly-broken $Z_2$ symmetry. We also find that the flavour violating decay modes of the extra Higgs boson, e.g., $H/A \to tc$ and $H^\pm \to ts$ can be dominant, and they yield the important signature to distinguish our model from the two Higgs doublet models.
description: 35 pages, 23 figures
title: Lineament mapping for a part of the Central Sulaiman Fold–Thrust Belt (SFTB), Pakistan
Creators: name: Wajid, Ali Abbas
name: Anees, Muhammad
name: Alam, Shams ul
name: Gorchani, Jodat Kamran
name: Shahzad, Khurram
name: Israr, Asif
name: Shafique, Muhammad
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2024

description: This study aims to analyze the lineaments using the field data and a remote sensing approach, to describe their relationship with the folds, faults, and regional tectonic stress of the central Sulaiman Fold-Thrust Belt. Joint data, from nine anticlines, has been collected using the scanline method and classified into three sets (JS1, JS2, and JS3) based on their geometrical relationships. Lineaments extracted from the 30 m digital elevation model have been classified subsequently into three lineament sets (LS1, LS2, and LS3) based on the azimuths from the corresponding joint sets. A very high correlation coefficient (rs = 0.97), between the azimuths of the field joints and the remotely sensed lineaments, has been observed which validates that the lineaments are the regional representation of the local field joints. The geometrical relationship of the lineament sets with the fold hinges indicates that the older LS1 and LS2 are strongly related to the regional folding episode, while the younger LS3 is a result of local shears. The chronological interpretation of the deformational events responsible for the lineament sets is constrained by the presence of the Kingri Fault, which induces a strike-slip component within the study area. Furthermore, the controls on the joint and lineament sets, established using multivariate statistics to decipher the effects of lithological and structural contrasts on the lineament density, reveal that an increase in the lineament density can be attributed to the competence and thickness of the rock units as well as the variable local stresses across the different folds. Based on the orientations of these lineament sets, the cumulative direction of the compressive event in the NW-SE direction (310–320) coincides with the regional stress direction of the SFTB.
On the origin of atomistic mechanism of rapid diffusion in alkali halide nanoclusters
Creators: name: Niiyama, Tomoaki
name: Sawada, Shin-ichi
name: Ikeda, Kensuke S.
name: Shimizu, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To elucidate the atomistic diffusion mechanism responsible for the rapid diffusion in alkali halide nano particles, called Spontaneous Mixing, we execute molecular dynamics simulations with empirical models for KCl-KBr, NaCl-NaBr, RbCl-RbBr and KBr-KI. We successfully reproduce essential features of the rapid diffusion phenomenon. It is numerically confirmed that the rate of the diffusion clearly depends on the size and temperature of the clusters, which is consistent with experiments. A quite conspicuous feature is that the surface melting and collective motions of ions are inhibited in alkali halide clusters. This result indicates that the Surface Peeling Mechanism, which is responsible for the spontaneous alloying of binary metals, does not play a dominant role for the spontaneous mixing in alkali halide nanoclusters. Detailed analysis of atomic motion inside the clusters reveals that the Vacancy Mechanism is the most important mechanism for the rapid diffusion in alkali halide clusters. This is also confirmed by evaluation of the vacancy formation energy: the formation energy notably decreases with the cluster size, which makes vacancy formation easier and diffusion more rapid in small alkali halide clusters.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures
Transnational Press Discourses on German Antisemitism during the Weimar Republic:The Riots in Berlin’s Scheunenviertel, 1923 !
Creators: name: Seul, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press (OUP)
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Antisemitism
subject: Weimarer Republik
subject: Berlin
subject: Scheunenviertel
subject: Transnational Press Discourses
subject: judaism and jewish studies
subject: 900

description: .On 7 November 1923, the Manchester Guardian, a renowned British newspaper with a liberal, left-of-centre political stance,1 reported that severe rioting had broken out in the Scheunenviertel, Berlin’s Jewish quarter. Frederick A. Voigt, the paper’s correspondent in Berlin during 1920-1932,2 called the riots an “antisemitic offensive […] carefully planned” by the German national1ists, as they were directed against Jews and Jewish-looking individuals only: “Shops owned by Jews were looted. Jewish quarters were raided. Jews were robbed and beaten. In many streets lying outside the Jewish quarter every passer-by was held up by groups of youthful roughs, and if he was at all Jewish in appearance he was severely beaten”.3 “The atmosphere for such attacks”, Voigt claimed, “has been created by the unbridled anti-Semitic agitation of the Conservative press”. The German reactionary press was even exploiting the incident for its own antisemitic propaganda, “describing the rioting as though it were a revolt of starving Germans outraged by Jewish exploitation and usury and blatantly displayed profiteering and luxury”.4 The reaction of the Berlin police was in Voigt’s eyes “particularly discreditable”: it did not intervene to protect the Jews from attack, but instead arrested and maltreated Jews “in the most brutal manner”. Voigt concluded that the incident was “deeply disquieting not so much as a piece of rowdyism [...] but as a symptom”; it was “a deliberate and carefully planned anti-Semitic offensive”.5 Voigt’s report in the Manchester Guardian is one of the most detailed and critical contemporary assessments and suggests that the growth of German antisemitism was watched closely and with apprehension by foreign journalists.
Nexus between Innovation and Economic Growth in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Omer, Mohammed
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: The relationship between innovation and economic growth has been one of the contended subjects by scholars in the field. Conventional economic growth theory among many of it is draw backs assumes innovation as exogenous. Hence, following the emergence of new growth theory in the 80th and the era of information technology has put the validity of conventional model into question. The increased globalization has forced developing countries to make an emphasis to alleviate part of the ill of the economy to innovation. The Ethiopian economy has registered an impressive economic growth in the last few years. The Growth and Transformation plan progress report indicate the GDP rate is rapid, in broad-based and well above the average growth rate of other Sub-Saharan African countries. Thus, the study puts innovation into the perspective aims to empirically examine the relationship to economic growth using Patent, R&D and imported capital goods during the period of 1996 to 2017. The study employed ARDL multiple regression model and pairwise Granger casuality test technique for estimation. The estimated result show patent has a negative significant impact on both short and long term indicating rampant imitation in the economy. Furthermore, the unidirectional casuality that goes form growth to patent confirms the level of economic development is essential for strong IPR regime. R&D on the other hand has a positive significant impact on economic growth both in short and long term the unidirectional casuality that goes form growth to R&D indicate economic growth is causing the R&D investment. Lastly, imported capital goods have positive insignificant association on economic growth and the pairwise casuality unlike the previous variables has a unidirectional relationship that emerges from imported capital goods to growth. The study implies a major policy implication arising from the results is that innovation has a significant impact on the economic growth of the country during the study period and fundamental to the realization of sustained economic growth in Ethiopia.
Electrical Bias Stabilisation of Power of the Photovoltaic Technologies
Creators: name: Mittal, A.
name: Zechner, N.
name: Rennhofer, M.
name: Újvári, G.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 880-884
description: In scope of stabilization of PV modules technologies, it has been a challenge for many measurement labs to stabilize the power in a shorter interval of time. Since, the usual standard procedure as stated in IEC 61215-1-x (x: technology type) is to keep to modules under illumination for a certain number of hours at its MPP load. An effort is being made to make the stabilization of modules faster and more reproducible before the actual performance determination. Since 2011, however, methods have also been proposed that work purely electrically, i.e. without illumination [1-3]. Therefore, this study aims to establish dark bias methods in comparison to conventional, exposure methods. Our goal is to establish a shorter, purely electrical stabilization procedure to mitigate the metastable effects in thin-film and faster measurements (thin-film and crystalline). The measurement results and reliability in regard to initial power stabilization for different technologies were compared.
Enabling Measurement of PV Module Curvature: Towards Characterization of Thermomechanical Residual Stresses
Creators: name: Rahmoun, I.
name: Le Carre, T.
name: Chambion, B.
name: Mofakhami, E.
name: Derrier, A.
name: Bouvard, J.-L.
name: Bouchard, P.-O.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 864-869
description: Assessment of the effect of the lamination process parameters on the reliability of PV modules is a key step to extend their lifetime. In this work, a new method of measurement of the deflection PV modules is presented. This method consists in mapping the surface of both sides of a PV module positioned on 4-point supports. The measurement repetition on both sides aims at compensating for the gravity effect induced by the self-weight of the PV module. The position of the supports is analytically optimized. The error induced by this protocol of measurement is numerically estimated. An experimental measurement campaign is carried out to characterize the impact of lamination process parameters on the residual deflection of the PV modules. First, twelve glass plates are tested. The results showed that their initial shape is not flat with asymmetric deflection. Then, the PV modules are manufactured using the same glass plates while varying architecture, lamination temperature, and cooling type. For glass-backsheet architecture, the deflection decreases when the lamination temperature increases, which is not observed in glass-glass architecture. The type of cooling has also an effect, as the deflection of ambient air-cooled PV modules is higher than that of cooling press-cooled PV modules.
Spin orbit alignment for KELT-7b and HAT-P-56b via Doppler tomography with TRES
Creators: name: Zhou, George
name: Latham, David W.
name: Bieryla, Allyson
name: Beatty, Thomas G.
name: Buchhave, Lars A.
name: Esquerdo, Gilbert A.
name: Berlind, Perry
name: Calkins, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Doppler tomographic analyses for the spectroscopic transits of KELT-7b and HAT-P-56b, two hot-Jupiters orbiting rapidly rotating F-dwarf host stars. These include analyses of archival TRES observations for KELT-7b, and a new TRES transit observation of HAT-P-56b. We report spin-orbit aligned geometries for KELT-7b (2.7 +/- 0.6 deg) and HAT-P-56b (8 +/- 2 deg). The host stars KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 are among some of the most rapidly rotating planet-hosting stars known. We examine the tidal re-alignment model for the evolution of the spin-orbit angle in the context of the spin rates of these stars. We find no evidence that the rotation rates of KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 have been modified by star-planet tidal interactions, suggesting that the spin-orbit angle of systems around these hot stars may represent their primordial configuration. In fact, KELT-7 and HAT-P-56 are two of three systems in super-synchronous, spin-orbit aligned states, where the rotation periods of the host stars are faster than the orbital periods of the planets.
description: 9 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Analysis of the Thermomechanical Behaviour of Concrete Facade Elements with Integrated Photovoltaic Modules
Creators: name: Schenk, P.
name: Schindler, S.
name: Pander, M.
name: Zeller, U.
name: Jäckel, B.
name: Ebert, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 870-875
description: Solar integration in the building envelope still represents a niche market, despite legal requirements and regulation, e.g. nearly zero-energy buildings (NZEB), which, in addition to a high overall energy efficiency, requires alternative energy generation in or near the building. A recent study entitles that building facades offering a so far untapped potential for the integration of photovoltaics. This results in great potential for building-integrated photovoltaics (BIPV), where high-quality design solutions integrated into facades and building components will be increasingly in demand. In the project SOLARcon, exposed concrete facade elements are designed and build in which small PV modules are integrated. Due to the special design and the connection between the concrete element and the PV module, new questions arise in regard to mechanical stresses and temperature interactions on both the concrete building unit and the PV module compared to conventional PV modules with aluminium frames. Within this paper, first results of finite element analysis (FEA) are presented. We investigated how temperature distribution between photovoltaic module and the surrounding concrete facade element takes place and how resulting thermally induced mechanical stresses influence the service life of the photovoltaics.
Letter from Francis William Topham to Birket Foster
Creators: name: Topham, Francis William, 1808-1877
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945
subject: Illustration of books
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/967406
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Illustrators
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/967426

description: One of two Autographed Letter Signed (ALS) by Francis William Topham. This letter is to Birket Foster, about being unable to meet, discussing the price of land he wishes to buy, preparing to take his family to Barmouth. Francis William Topham (1808-1877) was a watercolour painter, traveller in Spain, and illustrator of Dickens. Dickens recruited Topham to his amateur theatrical company, the Guild of Literature and Art, and the painter frequently performed with Dickens, Wilkie Collins, and the artists Clarkson Stanfield and John Tenniel. Part of a collection of letters written by illustrators of Charles Dickens' works.
Multi-Criteria Analysis Method to Evaluate Different Encapsulation Materials for PV Modules and Proposing a Suitable Candidate
Creators: name: Hayati Soloot, H.E.
name: Hayati Soloot, A.
name: Moghadam, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 852-859
description: The power loss in photovoltaic (PV) modules due to degradations in the encapsulant layers accounts for more than 10% of the power loss within the module. Choosing a suitable material for the encapsulant layer has a significant impact on the price and performance of the PV module. The performance analysis of PV modules in the near- and long-term are usually referred to as reliability and durability in the literature. While the reliability issue to a large extent and acceptable limits is covered by the different international standard tests, the main challenges are related to the durability of the PV modules in the different field installations. Durability issues couldn’t be solved without putting forward a general rule of thumb for choosing a suitable encapsulation material. Then, this paper proposes a general multi-criteria analysis method for doing that. After that, this analysis is applied to compare three conventional encapsulation materials including EVA, PVB, and TPO. Finally, this study proposes a suitable candidate with long-lasting durability and providing better performance for the PV module encapsulation based-on this multi-criteria analysis.
Thermal Cycle Analysis on Shingled Glass – Glass Samples with SHJ Cells
Creators: name: Wendlandt, S.
name: Carrière, C.
name: Barth, V.
name: Harrison, S.
name: Bettinelli, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 860-863
description: For years photovoltaic (PV) modules were manufactured with 60 or 72 cells in glass / back sheet designs. Since R&D teams around the world simulated the potential to increase the module efficiency by modifying the designs, the industry develops new production machines to realize those. One such novel approach is the shingling – here the wafer is cut into small stripes. In a module, the stripes are overlapping each other at the ends and an ECA interconnects two cells together. To study the thermal long-term stability, we build mini-modules in various designs with shingled SHJ cells and applied an extended thermal stress sequence (3x IEC) to those samples. We analysed the ageing process with image-based and electrical setups.
Factors Affecting the Performance of Humanitarian Logistics the Case of IRC Ethiopia
Creators: name: Wolde, Demeke
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: A well-managed and effective logistics is central to any disaster response. Humanitarian logistics is the back bone of any emergency support and plays key roles in rendering relief aid services to the disaster affected people yet it is challenged by various factors. Previous studies undergone content analysis and identified four major factors and suggested case studies and survey methodologies in order to learn the statistical effect of these factors on performance of humanitarian logistics. Accordingly, this study is the first to combine internal & external factors together and examine their effects using survey data analyzed through empirical study and identified seven statistically significant variables both from internal & external factors. The factors are listed in descending order from highest to lowest as: donors' funds, environmental situational factors, professional staff, infrastructure situational factors, socioeconomic situational factors, Institutional learning and government situational factors. Moreover, so far, these variables were not investigated in the IRC Ethiopia context and hence this study is the first and the original in the case of this organization. Based on the findings it was recommended that IRC Ethiopia to consider: allocating adequate funds for long term logistics infrastructures and systems as well as for long term disaster preparedness, prepare for challenges of rain season transportation through heavy duty four wheel drive trucks or liaising with partner organization which have air plane facilities , increase capacity of logisticians through secondment and advanced field training, continue investing on backups for utilities, changing view of suppliers from transactional to collaborative, increasing partnership with the government both at regional and federal level and make records of failure or success stories of past logistics experiences and performances. Finally, this study has filled to important research gaps: .The empirical methodological gap that previous studies have failed but suggested to, and . Assessment of the current situation in the effect of logistics performance and its associated factors at IRC Ethiopia. Key words: humanitarian logistics, internal factors, external factors, performance of humanitarian logistics
Disk-shaped bicelles in block copolymer/homopolymer blends
Creators: name: Greenall, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mixtures of micelle-forming and lamella-forming amphiphiles in solution can form disk-shaped bilayers, sometimes referred to as bicelles. Using self-consistent field theory (SCFT), we investigate the structure and stability of these aggregates in a blend of two species of PS-PDMS diblock with PDMS homopolymer at 225C. We find that the center of each disk is mainly composed of lamella-forming diblocks, while its thicker rim is mostly formed of micelle-forming diblocks. However, this segregation is not perfect, and the concentration of micelle formers is of the order of 10% on the flat central surface of the bicelle. We also find that the addition of micelle former to the mixture of lamella former and homopolymer is necessary for disk-like bicelles to be stable. Specifically, the free energy density of the disk has a minimum as a function of the disk radius when both micelle- and lamella-forming diblocks are present, indicating that the bicelles have a preferred, finite radius. However, it decays monotonically when only lamella former is present, indicating that the bicelle structure is always unstable with respect to further aggregation in these systems. Finally, we identify a concentration range where the bicelle is predicted to have a lower free energy density than the simple cylindrical and lamellar aggregates, and so might be thermodynamically stable.
description: 22 pages including 5 figures, preprint format. Unedited author's version of a submitted work that was subsequently accepted for publication in Macromolecules
Remarks on the tensor product structure of no-signaling theories
Creators: name: Tylec, Tomasz I.
name: Kuś, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81P45, 81P10, 03G12

description: In the quantum logic framework we show that the no-signaling box model is a particular type of tensor product of the logics of single boxes. Such notion of tensor product is too strong to apply in the category of logics of quantum mechanical systems. Consequently, we show that the no-signaling box models cannot be considered as generalizations of quantum mechanical models.
description: 13 pages
Fast Radio Bursts counterparts in the scenario of supergiant pulses
Creators: name: Popov, S. B.
name: Pshirkov, M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss identification of possible counterparts and persistent sources related to Fast Radio Bursts (FRBs) in the framework of the model of supergiant pulses from young neutron stars with large spin-down luminosities. In particular, we demonstrate that at least some of sources of FRBs can be observed as ultraluminous X-ray sources (ULXs). At the moment no ULXs are known to be coincident with localization areas of FRBs. We searched for a correlation of FRB positions with galaxies in the 2MASS Redshift survey catalogue. Our analysis produced statistically insignificant overabundance ($p$-value $\approx 4\%$) of galaxies in error boxes of FRBs. In the very near future with even modestly increased statistics of FRBs and with the help of dedicated X-ray observations and all-sky X-ray surveys it will be possible to decisively prove or falsify the supergiant pulses model.
description: 5 pages, submitted
Development of Mobile Laboratory for Photovoltaic Testing Service
Creators: name: Li, S.-X.
name: Lin, C.-J.
name: Lin, W.-Y.
name: Hsieh, C.F.
name: Wu, T.-C.
name: Hsu, S.-T.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 845-847
description: This paper demonstrates the development of mobile photovoltaic test laboratory. The fully enclosed cabinet design can not only shield the ambient light but also control the temperature conditions. On-site test deployment can also be faster and more stable. The innovative design based on an expandable mechanism and oil-hydraulic stretch platform has allowed to implement a solar simulator of tunnel type in a vehicle that weighs less than 3,500 kg and to have the stable optical performance. The Spectral match, non-uniformity of irradiance and temporal instability of irradiance of the simulator remain the parameters defined as class A+A+A+, the characteristic of spectrum also with high SPC and low SPD accredited IEC 60904-9:2020.
Analysis of Performance and Deformation for Photovoltaic Module under Different Wind Speeds and Multi-Type Mechanical Loadings
Creators: name: Hsu, S.-T.
name: Lin, W.-Y.
name: Ting, S.-Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2021
Subjects: Photovoltaic Modules and BoS Components
PV Module Design, Manufacture, Performance and Reliability

description: 38th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 848-851
description: For years, photovoltaic systems were damaged often by typhoons, hurricanes and cyclones. Therefore, considerable research efforts in PV field have been investing in the development of new mechanical loads technologies. In particular, strong gusts always generated the non-uniform wind loads, and induced the extra dynamic force such as vibrate, torque and moment on PV system. To date, the effects due to wind loads on PV modules have typically been verified by using different mechanical loads test (uniform load) described in IEC 61215 MQT 16 (Static Mechanical Loads, SML) and IEC TS 62782 (Dynamic Mechanical Loads, DML). Nevertheless, these documents are still not sufficient to fulfil those uneven loads are due to various wind velocity, wind direction angle and module tilt. Therefore, this paper aims to provide an overview of current best practices by measuring the characteristics of twelve PV mono modules (M1-M12) subject to three wind speeds (41.4 m/s, 50.9 m/s, 61.2 m/s). It seeks to identify these samples' data like performance and deformation by different test procedure (DML, SML), but with two types of designed loads (uniform, non-uniform). Results will be helpful to determine the required standards like non-uniform wind loads test for PV module.