cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Artificial eigenmodes in truncated flow domains
Creators: name: Lesshafft, Lutz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Whenever linear eigenmodes of open flows are computed on a numerical domain that is truncated in the streamwise direction, artificial boundary conditions may give rise to spurious pressure signals that are capable of providing unwanted perturbation feedback to upstream locations. The manifestation of such feedback in the eigenmode spectrum is analysed here for two simple configurations. First, explicitly prescribed feedback in a Ginzburg-Landau model is shown to produce a spurious eigenmode branch, named the 'arc branch', that strongly resembles a characteristic family of eigenmodes typically present in open shear flow calculations. Second, corresponding mode branches in the global spectrum of an incompressible parallel jet in a truncated domain are examined. It is demonstrated that these eigenmodes of the numerical model depend on the presence of spurious forcing of a local k+ instability wave at the inflow, caused by pressure signals that appear to be generated at the outflow. Multiple local k+ branches result in multiple global eigenmode branches. For the particular boundary treatment chosen here, the strength of the pressure feedback from the outflow towards the inflow boundary is found to decay with the cube of the numerical domain length. It is concluded that arc-branch eigenmodes are artifacts of domain truncation, with limited value for physical analysis. It is demonstrated, for the example of a non-parallel jet, how spurious feedback may be reduced by an absorbing layer near the outflow boundary.
description: to appear in Theoretical and Computational Fluid Dynamics (2017 or 2018)
Equilibration and freeze-out of an expanding gas in a transport approach in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker metric
Creators: name: Tindall, J.
name: Torres-Rincon, J. M.
name: Rose, J. B.
name: Petersen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by a recent finding of an exact solution of the relativistic Boltzmann equation in a Friedmann-Robertson-Walker spacetime, we implement this metric into the newly developed transport approach Simulating Many Accelerated Strongly-interacting Hadrons (SMASH). We study the numerical solution of the transport equation and compare it to this exact solution for massless particles. We also compare a different initial condition, for which the transport equation can be independently solved numerically. Very nice agreement is observed in both cases. Having passed these checks for the SMASH code, we study a gas of massive particles within the same spacetime, where the particle decoupling is forced by the Hubble expansion. In this simple scenario we present an analysis of the freeze-out times, as function of the masses and cross sections of the particles. The results might be of interest for their potential application to relativistic heavy-ion collisions, for the characterization of the freeze-out process in terms of hadron properties.
description: v2: 9 pages, 7 figures. Added discussion on the numerical relation between the Hubble and scattering rates at the end of Sec. 3. Updated references. This version matches the accepted manuscript by Phys.Lett.B journal
Gauge coupling unification without leptoquarks
Creators: name: Karananas, Georgios K.
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an interpretation of the gauge coupling unification scale which is not related to any new particle threshold. We revisit Grand Unified Theories and show that it is possible to completely eliminate the scalar as well as vector leptoquarks from the particle physics spectrum. As a consequence, in our approach the gauge hierarchy problem is put on different grounds, and the proton may be absolutely stable. In order to achieve that, we employ a number of nonlinear gauge-invariant constraints which only affect the superheavy degrees of freedom. We illustrate our considerations in a model based on the SU(5) group, with the generalization to other groups being straightforward. We discuss how scale or conformal invariance may be added to our proposal.
description: Journal version---discussion extended, typos corrected, references added
Spin current and second harmonic generation in non-collinear magnetic systems: the hydrodynamic model
Creators: name: Karashtin, E. A.
name: Fraerman, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a theoretical study of the second harmonic generation in a noncollinearly magnetized conductive medium with equilibrium spin current. The hydrodynamic model is used to unravel the mechanism of a novel effect of the double frequency signal generation due to the spin current. According to our calculations, this second harmonic response appears due to the "non-adiabatic" spin polarization of the conduction electrons induced by the oscillations in the non-uniform magnetization forced by the electric field of the electromagnetic wave. Together with the linear velocity response this leads to the generation of the double frequency spin current. This spin current is converted to the electric current via the inverse Spin Hall effect, and the double-frequency electric current emits the second harmonic radiation.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
A fast Chebyshev method for simulating flexible-wing propulsion
Creators: name: Moore, M. Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We develop a highly efficient numerical method to simulate small-amplitude flapping propulsion by a flexible wing in a nearly inviscid fluid. We allow the wing's elastic modulus and mass density to vary arbitrarily, with an eye towards optimizing these distributions for propulsive performance. The method to determine the wing kinematics is based on Chebyshev collocation of the 1D beam equation as coupled to the surrounding 2D fluid flow. Through small-amplitude analysis of the Euler equations (with trailing-edge vortex shedding), the complete hydrodynamics can be represented by a nonlocal operator that acts on the 1D wing kinematics. A class of semi-analytical solutions permits fast evaluation of this operator with $O(N \log N)$ operations, where $N$ is the number of collocation points on the wing. This is in contrast to the minimum $O(N^2)$ operations required by a direct 2D fluid solver. The coupled wing-fluid problem is thus recast as a PDE with nonlocal operator, which we solve using a preconditioned iterative method. These techniques yield a solver of near-optimal complexity, $O(N \log N)$, allowing one to rapidly search the infinite-dimensional parameter space of all possible material distributions and even perform optimization over this space.
On infinite order differential operators in fractional viscoelasticity
Creators: name: Giusti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 34A35, 26A33, 44A10, 76A10, 33C10

description: In this paper we discuss some general properties of viscoelastic models defined in terms of constitutive equations involving infinitely many derivatives (of integer and fractional order). In particular, we consider as a working example the recently developed Bessel models of linear viscoelasticiy that, for short times, behave like fractional Maxwell bodies of order $1/2$.
description: 11 pages, no figures
Temperature dependent magnetic damping of yttrium iron garnet spheres
Creators: name: Maier-Flaig, Hannes
name: Klingler, Stefan
name: Dubs, Carsten
name: Surzhenko, Oleksii
name: Gross, Rudolf
name: Weiler, Mathias
name: Huebl, Hans
name: Goennenwein, Sebastian T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the temperature dependent microwave absorption spectrum of an yttrium iron garnet sphere as a function of temperature (5 K to 300 K) and frequency (3 GHz to 43.5 GHz). At temperatures above 100 K, the magnetic resonance linewidth increases linearly with temperature and shows a Gilbert-like linear frequency dependence. At lower temperatures, the temperature dependence of the resonance linewidth at constant external magnetic fields exhibits a characteristic peak which coincides with a non-Gilbert-like frequency dependence. The complete temperature and frequency evolution of the linewidth can be modeled by the phenomenology of slowly relaxing rare-earth impurities and either the Kasuya-LeCraw mechanism or the scattering with optical magnons. Furthermore, we extract the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization, the magnetic anisotropy and the g-factor.
Data-Driven Synthesis of Smoke Flows with CNN-based Feature Descriptors
Creators: name: Chu, Mengyu
name: Thuerey, Nils
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a novel data-driven algorithm to synthesize high-resolution flow simulations with reusable repositories of space-time flow data. In our work, we employ a descriptor learning approach to encode the similarity between fluid regions with differences in resolution and numerical viscosity. We use convolutional neural networks to generate the descriptors from fluid data such as smoke density and flow velocity. At the same time, we present a deformation limiting patch advection method which allows us to robustly track deformable fluid regions. With the help of this patch advection, we generate stable space-time data sets from detailed fluids for our repositories. We can then use our learned descriptors to quickly localize a suitable data set when running a new simulation. This makes our approach very efficient, and resolution independent. We will demonstrate with several examples that our method yields volumes with very high effective resolutions, and non-dissipative small scale details that naturally integrate into the motions of the underlying flow.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, to appear at SIGGRAPH 2017, v2 only fixes small typos
Dynamics of coupled phantom and tachyon fields
Creators: name: Shahalam, M.
name: Pathak, S. D.
name: Li, Shiyuan
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we apply the dynamical analysis to a coupled phantom field with scaling potential taking particular forms of the coupling (linear and combination of linear), and present phase space analysis. We investigate if there exist late time accelerated scaling attractor that has the ratio of dark energy and dark matter densities of the order one. We observe that the scrutinized couplings cannot alleviate the coincidence problem, however acquire stable late time accelerated solutions. We also discuss coupled tachyon field with inverse square potential assuming linear coupling.
description: 16 pages, 6 caption figures, 3 Tables, text, figure are added, matches with the published version
The matter power spectrum in redshift space using effective field theory
Creators: name: de la Bella, Lucía Fonseca
name: Regan, Donough
name: Seery, David
name: Hotchkiss, Shaun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of Eulerian 'standard perturbation theory' to describe mass assembly in the early universe has traditionally been limited to modes with k $\lesssim$ 0.1 h/Mpc at z = 0. At larger k the SPT power spectrum deviates from measurements made using N-body simulations. Recently, there has been progress in extending the reach of perturbation theory to larger k using ideas borrowed from effective field theory. We revisit the computation of the redshift-space matter power spectrum within this framework, including for the first time the full one-loop time dependence. We use a resummation scheme proposed by Vlah et al. to account for damping of baryonic acoustic oscillations due to large-scale random motions and show that this has a significant effect on the multipole power spectra. We renormalize by comparison to a suite of custom N-body simulations matching the MultiDark MDR1 cosmology. At z = 0 and for scales k $\lesssim$ 0.4 h/Mpc we find that the EFT furnishes a description of the real-space power spectrum up to $\sim$2%, for the $\ell$ = 0 mode up to $\sim$5%, and for the $\ell$ = 2, 4 modes up to $\sim$25%. We argue that, in the MDR1 cosmology, positivity of the $\ell$ = 0 mode gives a firm upper limit of k $\approx$ 0.75 h/Mpc for the validity of the one-loop EFT prediction in redshift space using only the lowest-order counterterm. We show that replacing the one-loop growth factors by their Einstein-de Sitter counterparts is a good approximation for the $\ell$ = 0 mode, but can induce deviations as large as 2% for the $\ell$ = 2, 4 modes. An accompanying software bundle, distributed under open source licenses, includes Mathematica notebooks describing the calculation, together with parallel pipelines capable of computing both the necessary one-loop SPT integrals and the effective field theory counterterms.
description: 55 pages excluding appendices and references, 13 figures. v2: minor clarifications. This is an author-created, un-copyedited version of an article published in JCAP. IOP Publishing Ltd is not responsible for any errors or omissions in this version of the manuscript or any version derived from it. The Version of Record is available online at https://doi.org/10.1088/1475-7516/2017/11/039
Symmetry breaking in linear multipole traps
Creators: name: Pedregosa-Gutierrez, Jofre
name: Champenois, Caroline
name: Kamsap, Marius
name: Hagel, Gaetan
name: Houssin, Marie
name: Knoop, Martina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiofrequency multipole traps have been used for some decades in cold collision experiments, and are gaining interest for precision spectroscopy due to their low mi-cromotion contribution, and the predicted unusual cold-ion structures. However, the experimental realisation is not yet fully controlled, and open questions in the operation of these devices remain. We present experimental observations of symmetry breaking of the trapping potential in a macroscopic octupole trap with laser-cooled ions. Numerical simulations have been performed in order to explain the appearance of additional local potential minima, and be able to control them in a next step. We characterize these additional potential minima, in particular with respect to their position, their potential depth and their probability of population as a function of the radial and angular displacement of the trapping rods.
Initial 6G Architectural Components and Enablers
Creators: name: Ericson, Mårten
name: Flinck, Hannu
name: Vlacheas, Panagiotis
name: Wänstedt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: 6G architecture, Intelligent Networks, Flexible Networks, Efficient Networks.

description: This document provides the results of the gap analysis of Hexa-X work package 5: “Architectural enablers for 6G”. In addition, the documents provide the general architectural direction for a possible 6G architecture. This includes identifying the necessary enablers (e.g., functions, algorithms, and enhancements) to support the new 6G architecture. Thereafter, the initial scope on the novel architectural enablers is described. These enablers allow an intelligent distributed network, new network topologies in a flexible way and enable an efficient deployment of future networks. The document also defines the research scope and the problems of the novel architectural enablers, to be further evaluated in the coming deliverables.
description: All authors: Riccardo Bassoli (TUD), Mårten Ericson (ERI), Frank H.P. Fitzek (TUD), Hannu Flinck (NOK), Mu He (NOK), Bahare Masood Khorsandi (NOK), Gerald Kunzmann (NOK), Petteri Pöyhönen (NOK), Janne Tuononen (NOK), Panagiotis Vlacheas (WINGS), Stefan Wänstedt (ERI), Gunnar Mildh (ERI), Merve Saimler (ERI), Mehdi S. H. Abad (ERI), Damiano Rapone (TIM), Miltiadis Filippou (INT), Markus Dominik Mueck (INT), Thomas Luetzenkirchen (INT), Giacomo Bernini (NXW), Elena Bucchianeri (NXW), Pekka Pirinen (OUL), Giovanni Nardini (UPI), Giovanni Stea (UPI), Amina Boubendir (ORA), Ignacio Labrador (ATO), Ricardo Marco (ATO)
Detection of adsorbed transition-metal porphyrins by spin-dependent conductance of graphene nanoribbon
Creators: name: Kratzer, P.
name: Tawfik, Sherif Abdulkader
name: Cui, X. Y.
name: Stampfl, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic transport in a zig-zag-edge graphene nanoribbon (GNR) and its modification by adsorbed transition metal porphyrins is studied by means of density functional theory calculations. The detachment reaction of the metal centre of the porphyrin is investigated both in the gas phase and for molecules adsorbed on the GNR. As most metal porphyrins are very stable against this reaction, it is found that these molecules bind only weakly to a perfect nanoribbon. However, interaction with a single-atom vacancy in the GNR results in chemical bonding by the transition metal centre being shared between nitrogen atoms in the porphyrin ring and the carbon atoms next to the vacancy in the GNR. For both the physisorbed and the chemisorbed geometry, the inclusion of van der Waals interaction results in a significant enlargement of the binding energy and reduction of the adsorption height. Electronic transport calculations using non-equilibrium Greens functions show that the conductivity of the GNR is altered by the chemisorbed porphyrin molecules. Since the metal centers of porphyrins carry an element-specific magnetic moment, not only the net conductance, but also the spin-dependent conductance of the GNR is affected. In particular, the adsorption of Ru-porphyrin on the single-atom vacancy results in a very large spin polarization of the current of 88% at small applied source-drain voltages. Based on our results, we suggest that a spin valve constructed from a GNR with ferromagnetic contacts could be used as a sensitive detector that could discriminate between various metal porphyrins.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, updated author affiliation, clarifications in captions of Fig. 2 and 4 added
title: Das „Puzzle Bodenbewegung“ im Kavernenfeld Epe
Creators: name: Rudolph, Tobias
name: Poplawski, Martha
name: Goerke-Mallet, Peter
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Die Überwachung der Bereitstellung von Georessoucen stellt eine komplexe Herausforderung dar. Bildlich gesprochen handelt es sich um Puzzle bei dem nicht alle Teile vorhanden sind und nicht vollständig klar ist, welches Motiv entsteht. Gleichzeitig ist es notwendig das Motiv zu erklären. Dieser Prozess ist bereits für Geowissenschafter:innen herausfordernd, stellt aber eine Vielzahl an Beteiligten und Betroffenen vor große Probleme hier ein vollständiges Prozessverständnis aufzubauen. Die Forschungskooperation Epe hat das Ziel die Bodenbewegung am Kavernenspeicher Epe erklärbar zu machen und hier Transparenz in die Beeinflussungsfaktoren der Bodenbewegungen aufzubauen. Hierzu besteht die Forschungskooperation aus der Stadt Gronau, der Bürgerinitiative Kavernenfeld Epe e.V., der Firma EFTAS, Münster und dem Forschungszentrum Nachbergbau der Technischen Hochschule Georg Agricola, Bochum. Zusätzlich wird dieses Vorhaben durch die Betreiber im Kavernenfeld unterstützt. In der Forschungskooperation werden die Ergebnisse der flächigen Radarinterferometrie mit den vor-Ort verfügbaren öffentlichen Geodaten fusioniert umso ein Gesamtbild zu erzielen. Gleichzeitig werden diese technischen Arbeiten mit einem öffentlichen Beteiligungsprozess begleitet. Die Forschungskooperation stellt somit erstmalig eine direkte Zusammenführung unterschiedlichster Beteiligter in einem bergbaulichen Projekt dar, um mit transparenten Werkzeugen ein gemeinsames Prozessverständnis aufzubauen.
Fock-space projection operators for semi-inclusive final states
Creators: name: Dickinson, Robert
name: Forshaw, Jeff
name: Millington, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present explicit expressions for Fock-space projection operators that correspond to realistic final states in scattering experiments. Our operators automatically sum over unobserved quanta and account for non-emission into sub-regions of momentum space.
description: 5 pages, elsarticle format; to match published version
Efficient Real-Time Path Integrals for Non-Markovian Spin-Boson Models
Creators: name: Strathearn, Aidan
name: Lovett, Brendon W.
name: Kirton, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong coupling between a system and its environment leads to the emergence of non-Markovian dynamics, which cannot be described by a time-local master equation. One way to capture such dynamics is to use numerical real-time path integrals, where assuming a finite bath memory time enables manageable simulation scaling. However, by comparing to the exactly soluble independent boson model, we show that the presence of transient negative decay rates in the exact dynamics can result in simulations with unphysical exponential growth of density matrix elements when the finite memory approximation is used. We therefore reformulate this approximation in such a way that the exact dynamics are reproduced identically and then apply our new method to the spin-boson model with superohmic environmental coupling, commonly used to model phonon environments, but which cannot be solved exactly. Our new method allows us to easily access parameter regimes where we find revivals in population dynamics which are due to non-Markovian backflow of information from the bath to the system.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Nyctinomops laticaudatus
Creators: name: García, Franger J.
name: Ochoa-G, José
name: Poma-Urey, José L.
name: Miller, Bruce W.
name: Falcão, Fábio C.
name: del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Chiroptera
Molossidae
Nyctinomops
Nyctinomops laticaudatus

description: Nyctinomops laticaudatus (E. Geoffroy St.-Hilaire, 1805)
Summary of captures.
Six females (CMARF 2217–2222) and two males (CMARF 2223, 2224).
External measurements and weights.
Females: TLB: 107.15 (100.00–110.87), TL: 46.86 (41.00–50.17), LHL: 8.30 (7.00–10.00), EL: 14.42 (15.56–19.00), W: 11.66 (9.00–15.00). Males: TLB: 106.00 (105.00–107.00), TL: 49.00 (48.00–50.00), LHL: 7.00 (7.00–7.00), EL: 17.50 (17.00–18.00), W: 10.00 (9.00–11.00).
Morphological description.
The dorsal pelage is dark brown chocolate, with a paler belly (Fig. 13). The ears are relatively long and rounded, with the upper edges converging the forehead. The tragus is small and square, and the antitragus is well-developed and wider at the base. The muzzle is pointed and upturned. Upper lips are deeply furrowed, with vertical folds that overhang the lower lips. Nostrils raised with rows of rectangular papillae on the edge, forming a crest on both sides.
Skull robust (Fig. 13), with sagittal and lambdoidal crests present but not well-developed (only discernible under magnification). Basisphenoid pits deep. Anterior border of palate emarginated. Premaxillaries scarcely separated at the anterior portion. The upper incisors are barely parallel. Lacrimal processes are well-developed. The first lower premolar is in contact with the canine, and the larger second premolar. Third lower molar is diminutive, with a complete commissure. Some skull measurements are shown in Table 1.
Identification.
 The forearm length <47 mm, the greatest length of the skull <19 mm, and the shallow basisphenoid pits distinguish individuals of this species from its congeners, N. macrotis (Gray, 1839) and N. aurispinosus (T. R. Peale, 1848) (Eger 2008).
description: Published as part of García, Franger J., Ochoa-G, José, Poma-Urey, José L., Miller, Bruce W., Falcão, Fábio C. & del Valle Alvarez, Martín Roberto, 2024, Expanding the knowledge of the bat fauna of the Brazilian Caatinga: new geographical records of molossid bats (Chiroptera, Molossidae) for the Chapada Diamantina region, with taxonomic notes, pp. 333-371 in ZooKeys 1210 on pages 333-371, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1210.128570
Disorder-Driven Density and Spin Self-Ordering of a Bose-Einstein Condensate in a Cavity
Creators: name: Mivehvar, Farokh
name: Piazza, Francesco
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spatial spin and density self-ordering of a two-component Bose-Einstein condensate via collective Raman scattering into a linear cavity mode. The onset of the Dicke superradiance phase transition is marked by a simultaneous appearance of a crystalline density order and a spin-wave order. The latter spontaneously breaks the discrete $\mathbf{Z}_2$ symmetry between even and odd sites of the cavity optical potential. Moreover, in the superradiant state the continuous $U(1)$ symmetry of the relative phase of the two condensate wavefunctions is explicitly broken by the cavity-induced position-dependent Raman coupling with a zero spatial average. Thus, the spatially-averaged relative condensate phase is locked at either $π/2$ or $-π/2$. This continuous symmetry breaking and relative condensate phase locking by a zero-average Raman field can be considered as a generic order-by-disorder process similar to the random-field-induced order in the two-dimensional classical ferromagnetic $XY$ spin model. However, the seed of the random field in our model stems from quantum fluctuations in the cavity field and is a dynamical entity affected by self-ordering. The spectra of elementary excitations exhibit the typical mode softening at the superradiance threshold.
description: 6+4 pages, 3 figures
Terminal-Pairability in Complete Bipartite Graphs
Creators: name: Colucci, Lucas
name: Erdős, Péter L.
name: Győri, Ervin
name: Mezei, Tamás Róbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the terminal-pairibility problem in the case when the base graph is a complete bipartite graph, and the demand graph is also bipartite with the same color classes. We improve the lower bound on maximum value of $Δ(D)$ which still guarantees that the demand graph $D$ is terminal-pairable in this setting. We also prove a sharp theorem on the maximum number of edges such a demand graph can have.
description: 8 pages, several typos corrected
title: Case studies on the role of orbital forcing in Cretaceous greenhouse climates
Creators: name: Batenburg, Sietske J.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Cretaceous was characterised by a greenhouse climate with high sea levels, resulting in its famous carbonate-rich strata which often present a remarkable rhythmicity. Orbitally-forced cyclic sedimentation patters have been used to obtain stage durations and to refine the Geologic Time Scale. Despite the common application of cyclostratigraphic techniques, the exact origin of rhythmic banding patterns often remains unknown, as well as the role of orbital forcing in climatic extremes such as the Oceanic Anoxic Events (OAEs).

This contribution will explore the role of orbital forcing in the nature of rhythmic sedimentation and in the timing of carbon cycle perturbations in selected intervals of the Cretaceous. The 405-kyr cycle of eccentricity exerts a strong influence on bulk carbonate carbon isotope records and likely controls the timing of climatic events immediately preceding and postdating the Cretaceous/Paleogene Boundary. In the mid-Cretaceous, the timing of some OAEs may be linked to the grand eccentricity cycle (~2.4 Myr). In both time intervals, the orbital configuration is likely not the cause of environmental change, but may rather exacerbate the effects of other forcing mechanisms, such as large scale volcanism, by temporarily enhancing seasonal extremes. Elucidating the role of orbital forcing in past greenhouse climates of the Cretaceous crucially depends on the integration of climate sensitive records with independent age control from radio-isotopic dating and integrated bio-, magneto- and chemostratigraphy.
Informacje o analizach statystycznych i wykluczaniu obserwacji
Creators: name: Stanislawski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 490503
subject: Computational statistics
classificationCode: 520108
subject: Testing, assessment and psychometrics

description: Informacje o analizach statystycznych i wykluczaniu obserwacji
Los sistemas agroforestales en el Plan Estratégico de la PAC Español: análisis y reflexiones
Creators: name: Bertomeu, Manuel
name: Coello, Jaime
name: Lawson, Gerry
name: Armengot, Laura
name: Baiges, Teresa
name: Borràs, Gabriel
name: Casadesús, Andrea
name: Pascual, Diana
name: Pauné, Ferrán
name: Rull, Joana
name: Sánchez, Laia
name: de Torre Barrio, Beatriz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Informe político #44 presenta un análisis de la formulación de los sistemas agroforestales (SAF) en el Plan Estratégico de la PAC español 2023-27 (PEPAC), y su consideración en otros planes y normas nacionales y autonómicas relacionadas. El PEPAC establece un máximo de 100 árboles/ha para que los terrenos agrícolas mantengan la catalogación de “Tierras cultivables” y “Cultivos permanentes”, aunque con opciones para flexibilizar este límite.

El Pilar I de la PAC (Pagos directos) alinea los SAF con tres Buenas Condiciones Agrarias y Medioambientales (BCAM) para la biodiversidad y el paisaje, en concreto, la 8 (elementos del paisaje), 1 y 9 (dehesas). Además, de los nueve Eco-regímenes de adopción voluntaria activados por España hay seis que pueden ser relevantes para los SAF, en particular, los relacionados con espacios de biodiversidad, con el pastoreo extensivo y con cubiertas vegetales.

El Pilar II también incluye diversas medidas favorables a los SAF: de las 28 Medidas Ambientales y Climáticas y de Inversión planteadas en España, se han identificado al menos 13 que están alineadas con la implantación y el mantenimiento de los SAF. De éstas, dos incluyen una mención explícita de los SAF en su título, y han sido activadas en 10 y 11 CCAA. Todas las CCAA han activado al menos 4 de estas 13 medidas, con una media de adopción por Comunidad Autónoma superior a 7. 

Otros aspectos analizados del marco político son: i) los indicadores de Resultados (R), de Realización (O) y de Impacto (I) de la PAC: hemos identificado 16 que están relacionados con los SAF; ii) el Sistema de Identificación de Parcelas español (SigPac) es una herramienta interesante desde el punto de vista de los SAF, ya que incluye tanto la superficie agrícola como forestal, e incluye dos categorías silvopastorales (Pasto permanente con arbolado y Pastos arbustivos), si bien no existe una categoría “agroforestal” o “silvoarable”; iii) La densidad de la cubierta arbórea en tierras agrarias en 2018, como criterio para priorizar las áreas con potencial para los sistemas agroforestales: la superficie agraria completamente desarbolada (con cobertura de copas < 1%) es del 70%, que es el valor medio de la UE-27.

Terminamos este documento con un análisis DAFO sobre los SAF en España, en el que han participado más de 25 actores, incluidos agricultores y ganaderos, representantes de la sociedad civil, académicos e investigadores.

Concluimos que el PEPAC supone un marco favorable para el mantenimiento y promoción de múltiples sistemas agroforestales, con opciones de financiación en los Pilares I y II, lo que supone la formulación más favorable hacia estos sistemas en España desde la instauración de la PAC.
description: EURAF Policy Brief 44
Nonreciprocal reconfigurable microwave optomechanical circuit
Creators: name: Bernier, N. R.
name: Tóth, L. D.
name: Koottandavida, A.
name: Ioannou, M.
name: Malz, D.
name: Nunnenkamp, A.
name: Feofanov, A. K.
name: Kippenberg, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Devices that achieve nonreciprocal microwave transmission are ubiquitous in radar and radio-frequency communication systems, and commonly rely on magnetically biased ferrite materials. Such devices are also indispensable in the readout chains of superconducting quantum circuits as they protect sensitive quantum systems from the noise emitted by readout electronics. Since ferrite-based nonreciprocal devices are bulky, lossy, and require large magnetic fields, there has been significant interest in magnetic-field-free on-chip alternatives, such as those recently implemented using Josephson junctions. Here we realise reconfigurable nonreciprocal transmission between two microwave modes using purely optomechanical interactions in a superconducting electromechanical circuit. We analyse the transmission as well as the noise properties of this nonreciprocal circuit. The scheme relies on the interference in two mechanical modes that mediate coupling between microwave cavities. Finally, we show how quantum-limited circulators can be realized with the same principle. The technology can be built on-chip without any external magnetic field, and is hence fully compatible with superconducting quantum circuits. All-optomechanically-mediated nonreciprocity demonstrated here can also be extended to implement directional amplifiers, and it forms the basis towards realising topological states of light and sound.
description: 8 pages of main text + 7 pages of supplementary information
How the existence of special schools affects the placement of students with special needs in inclusive primary schools
Creators: name: Ebenbeck, Nikola
name: Rieser, Jakob
name: Jungjohann, Jana
name: Gebhardt, Markus
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Inclusion Rate, placement, pull effect, school statistics, special schools, systemic effects
subject: 370 Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Although inclusion is the declared goal, the transition from a system based on special schools to an inclusive school system has only been progressing very slowly in individual countries. In an evolving school system, the existing special schools keep struggling to justify their existence. This study investigates the regional distribution effects based on official school data and shows the influence of a pull effect on special schools as a distance effect of special schools affecting the placement of students. For this purpose, official school statistics including all students at special and regular schools in the years 2010, 2015 and 2020 (N = 11 280 040) are evaluated in a spatiotemporal comparison using Educational Data Mining. In a hierarchical regression model on school placement in inclusive schools, the distance between primary and special schools has the highest influence (β = 0.48) on the inclusion rate (i.e., the proportion of students with special needs who are educated in regular schools in relation to all students with disabilities), along with the size (β = −0.14) and the density of special schools in a district (β = −0.12). The effects differ according to the population density of the region and are stronger in large cities. When the proportion of students with and without SEN in regular schools is considered (support rate), the density of special schools has the greatest impact on school placement (ß = 43.44). Self-preservation of schools, traditional funding systems and regional differences between urban and rural areas are discussed as possible reasons.
A massive, quiescent galaxy at redshift of z=3.717
Creators: name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Schreiber, Corentin
name: Labbé, Ivo
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Oesch, Pascal A.
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Spitler, Lee R
name: Straatman, Caroline M. S.
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Yuan, Tiantian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the early Universe finding massive galaxies that have stopped forming stars present an observational challenge as their rest-frame ultraviolet emission is negligible and they can only be reliably identified by extremely deep near-infrared surveys. These have revealed the presence of massive, quiescent early-type galaxies appearing in the universe as early as z$\sim$2, an epoch 3 Gyr after the Big Bang. Their age and formation processes have now been explained by an improved generation of galaxy formation models where they form rapidly at z$\sim$3-4, consistent with the typical masses and ages derived from their observations. Deeper surveys have now reported evidence for populations of massive, quiescent galaxies at even higher redshifts and earlier times, however the evidence for their existence, and redshift, has relied entirely on coarsely sampled photometry. These early massive, quiescent galaxies are not predicted by the latest generation of theoretical models. Here, we report the spectroscopic confirmation of one of these galaxies at redshift z=3.717 with a stellar mass of 1.7$\times$10$^{11}$ M$_\odot$ whose absorption line spectrum shows no current star-formation and which has a derived age of nearly half the age of the Universe at this redshift. The observations demonstrates that the galaxy must have quickly formed the majority of its stars within the first billion years of cosmic history in an extreme and short starburst. This ancestral event is similar to those starting to be found by sub-mm wavelength surveys pointing to a possible connection between these two populations. Early formation of such massive systems is likely to require significant revisions to our picture of early galaxy assembly.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures. This is the final preprint corresponding closely to the published version. Uploaded 6 months after publication in accordance with Nature policy
title: Force-balance changes at the subduction-to-collision transition and implications for mountain building
Creators: name: Dielforder, Armin
name: Hampel, Andrea
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The elevation of mountain belts increases at the subduction-to-collision transition in response to crustal thickening and processes like slab breakoff, but the main parameters controlling how much mountain height increases remain poorly understood. Based on analytical and finite-element force-balance models, we show that the increase in mountain height depends mainly on the magnitude of the shear force along the plate boundary fault (megathrust) and the reduction of submarine margin relief. During oceanic subduction, the megathrust shear force is balanced by the gravitational effect of the margin relief and the deviatoric stresses in the upper plate are low. When the submarine margin relief is reduced during the closure of the ocean basin, the effect of the gravitational force decreases and the upper plate experiences enhanced deviatoric compression, which allows the mountain height to increase until the deviatoric stresses beneath the high mountains are low again. If the increase in mountain height cannot keep pace with the submarine relief reduction, the compression of the upper plate increases by a few tens of MPa, which promotes tectonic shortening and mountain building. Our findings indicate that mountain height can increase by hundreds of meters to a few kilometers during continental collision, depending primarily on the trench depth during the subduction stage and possible syncollisional changes of the megathrust shear force.
Collégiale de Barjols, buste et châsse de saint Marcel.
Creators: name: Musée National Des Arts Et Traditions Populaires (Paris)
name: Centre D'ethnologie Française
Publisher: name: École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales; Institut  interdisciplinaire d'anthropologie du contemporain (Paris); Laboratoire d'anthropologie et d'histoire de l'institution de la culture (Paris)
Year: 2024

Abstract
Finding Time through User Research
Creators: name: Cohoon, Johanna
name: Kabir, Kazi Sinthia
name: Motahar, Tamanna
name: Wiese, Jason
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Talk given at PASC23 as part of a mini-symposium run by Mike Heroux, "Code Complete and More: Emerging Efforts to Improve Software Quality." https://pasc23.pasc-conference.org/program/minisymposia/ Work described is in progress.
Predicting restraint using a laboratory model of smoking abstinence
Creators: name: Brah, Aaron T.
name: Mitchell, Suzanne H.
Publisher: name: Oregon Health and Science University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Delay Discounting
subject: Smoking Cessation
subject: Economics, Behavioral
subject: Smokers
subject: Tobacco Use
subject: Addiction
subject: Cognitive effort
subject: Translational neuroeconomics

description: Delay discounting describes how individuals tend to prefer smaller immediate rewards over larger delayed rewards, and high levels of discounting are predictive of various disorders, including substance use disorders (SUDs). While there has been a great deal of research examining willingness to wait for the desired outcome (e.g., SUD recovery), there has been relatively little research on sensitivity to other costs associated with cessation efforts, such as an individual’s willingness to exert and sustain the cognitive effort of sustained resistance to substance use.
Triple Higgs coupling effect on $h^0 \to b \bar b$ and $h^0 \to τ^+ τ^-$ in the 2HDM
Creators: name: Arhrib, A.
name: Benbrik, R.
name: Falaki, J. El
name: Hollik, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the one loop electroweak radiative corrections to $h^0\to b\bar{b}$ and $h^0\to τ^+τ^-$ in the framework of two Higgs doublet Model (2HDM). We evaluate the deviation of these couplings from their Standard Model (SM) values. $h^0\to b\bar{b}$ and $h^0\to τ^+τ^-$ may receives large contribution from triple couplings $h^0H^0H^0$, $H^0h^0h^0$, $h^0A^0A^0$ and $h^0H^+H^-$ which are absent in the Standard Model. It is found that in 2HDM, these corrections could be significant and may reach more than 20\% for not tow heavy $H^0$ or $A^0$ or $H^\pm$. We also study the ratio of branching ratios $R=BR(h^0\to b\bar{b})/BR(h^0\to τ^+τ^-)$ of Higgs boson decays which could be used to disentangle SM from other models such as 2HDM.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected, references added
Improvement of roadway design for sustainable communities
Creators: name: Brody, Scott
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: This thesis focuses on improving the design of streets and parking. The focus is sustainability, with other factors like safety, equity, health, and livability also discussed. Most American roads are not well designed. They reflect a combination of legacy empirical requirements and unofficial norms. Excessive pavement consumption is common, which harms the environment and urban vitality. Many standard designs are also less safe. The US is currently experiencing a traffic fatality rate several times most European counterparts. One of the barriers to enhanced streets are wide widths mandated by International Code Council and National Fire Protection Association model fire codes. Modifications to these standards based on a survey of codes internationally, fire vehicle dimensions, and an analysis of conflicting standards are presented. These alternatives accommodate all access needs with less pavement. This thesis goes on to discuss coming charges with Electric Vehicle (EV) rollout. Optimal deployment of charging stations is proposed based on a case study for Middlesex County, New Jersey. Here, it was found there has been a substantial growth in EV registrations, but the network of charging infrastructure has not kept up. The lack of EV charging spaces contrasts with parking in general, for which there is an abundance of excess on and off-street spaces. A survey of needs and recommendations for placing chargers in neighborhood centers, along highways, multiple dwellings, and lodging facilities is presented alongside other data.
Fast and slow domino regimes in transient network dynamics
Creators: name: Ashwin, Peter
name: Creaser, Jennifer
name: Tsaneva-Atanasova, Krasimira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the addition of noise to a multistable dynamical system can induce random transitions from one stable state to another. For low noise, the times between transitions have an exponential tail and Kramers' formula gives an expression for the mean escape time in the asymptotic limit. If a number of multistable systems are coupled into a network structure, a transition at one site may change the transition properties at other sites. We study the case of escape from a "quiescent" attractor to an "active" attractor in which transitions back can be ignored. There are qualitatively different regimes of transition, depending on coupling strength. For small coupling strengths the transition rates are simply modified but the transitions remain stochastic. For large coupling strengths transitions happen approximately in synchrony - we call this a "fast domino" regime. There is also an intermediate coupling regime some transitions happen inexorably but with a delay that may be arbitrarily long - we call this a "slow domino" regime. We characterise these regimes in the low noise limit in terms of bifurcations of the potential landscape of a coupled system. We demonstrate the effect of the coupling on the distribution of timings and (in general) the sequences of escapes of the system.
description: 3 figures