cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An analytic solution to the equations governing the motion of a point mass with quadratic resistance and generalizations
Creators: name: Ray, Shouryya
name: Fröhlich, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper is devoted to the motion of a body in a fluid under the influence of gravity and drag. Depending on the regime considered, the drag force can exhibit a linear, quadratic or even more general dependence on the velocity of the body relative to the fluid. The case of quadratic drag is substantially more complex than the linear case, as it nonlinearly couples both components of the momentum equation. Careful screening of the literature on this classical topic showed that, unexpectedly, the solutions reported do not directly provide the particle velocity as a function of time but use auxiliary quantities or apply to special cases only. No explicit solution using elementary operations on analytical expressions is known for a general trajectory. After a detailed account of the literature, the paper provides such a solution in form of a ratio of two series expansions. This result is discussed in detail and related to previous approaches. In particular, it is shown to yield, as limiting cases, certain approximate solutions proposed in the literature. The solution technique employs a strategy to reduce systems of ordinary differential equations with a triangular dependence of the right-hand side on the vector of unknowns to a single equation in an auxiliary variable. For the particular case of quadratic drag, the auxiliary variable allows an interpretation in terms of canonical coordinates of motion within the framework of Hamiltonian mechanics. Another result of the paper is the extension of the solution technique to more general drag laws, such as general power laws or power laws with an additional linear contribution. Furthermore, generalization to variable velocity of the surrounding fluid is addressed by considering a linear velocity profile for which a solution is provided as well. Throughout, the results obtained are illustrated by numerical examples.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in present form by Arch. Appl. Mech
Sorex tenellus Merriam 1895
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Sorex
Sorex tenellus

description: Sorex tenellus Merriam, 1895. N. Am. Fauna, 10:81. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, "summit of Alabama Hills near Lone Pine, Owens Valley [Inyo Co.], California, about 45000 ft]." DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of WC Nevada and EC California (USA). SYNONYMS: myops. COMMENTS: Subgenus Otisorex. Similar to nanus with which it may form an allospecies (Hoffmann and Owen, 1980, Mammalian Species, 131), but George (1988) retained both as separate species on the basis of allozyme frequencies.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 120-121, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Hoffmann, R. S., and J. G. Owen. 1980. Sorex tenellus and Sorex nanus. Mammalian Species, 131: 1 - 4.", "George, S. B. 1988. Systematics, historical biogeography, and evolution of the genus Sorex. Journal of Mammalogy, 69: 443 - 461."]}
Additional file 1 of [11C]PIB amyloid quantification: effect of reference region selection
Creators: name: Heeman, Fiona
name: Hendriks, Janine
name: Lopes Alves, Isadora
name: Ossenkoppele, Rik
name: Tolboom, Nelleke
name: van Berckel, Bart N. M.
name: Lammertsma, Adriaan A.
name: Yaqub, Maqsood
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary materials [11C]PiB amyloid quantification: effect of reference region selection.
High superconducting anisotropy and weak vortex pinning in Co doped LaFeAsO
Creators: name: Li, G.
name: Grissonnanche, G.
name: Yan, J. -Q.
name: McCallum, R. W.
name: Lograsso, T. A.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: Balicas, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we present an electrical transport study in single crystals of LaFe$_{0.92}$Co$_{0.08}$AsO ($T_c \simeq 9.1$ K) under high magnetic fields. In contrast to most of the previously reported Fe based superconductors, and despite its relatively low $T_c$, LaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$AsO shows a superconducting anisotropy which is comparable to those seen for instance in the cuprates or $γ_H = H_{c2}^{ab}/H_{c2}^{c} = m_c/m_{ab} \simeq 9$, where $m_c/m_{ab}$ is the effective mass anisotropy. Although, in the present case and as in all Fe based superconductors, $γ\rightarrow 1$ as $T \rightarrow 0$. Under the application of an external field, we also observe a remarkable broadening of the superconducting transition particularly for fields applied along the inter-planar direction. Both observations indicate that the low dimensionality of LaFe$_{1-x}$Co$_x$AsO is likely to lead to a more complex vortex phase-diagram when compared to the other Fe arsenides and consequently, to a pronounced dissipation associated with the movement of vortices in a possible vortex liquid phase. When compared to, for instance, F-doped compounds pertaining to same family, we obtain rather small activation energies for the motion of vortices. This suggests that the disorder introduced by doping LaFeAsO with F is more effective in pinning the vortices than alloying it with Co.
description: 7 figures, 7 pages, Phys. Rev. B (in press)
Spectrometer for Hard X-Ray Free Electron Laser Based on Diffraction Focusing
Creators: name: Kohn, V. G.
name: Gorobtsov, O. Y.
name: Vartanyants, I. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: X-ray free electron lasers (XFELs) generate sequences of ultra-short, spatially coherent pulses of x-ray radiation. We propose the diffraction focusing spectrometer (DFS), which is able to measure the whole energy spectrum of the radiation of a single XFEL pulse with an energy resolution of $ΔE/E\approx 2\times 10^{-6}$. This is much better than for most modern x-ray spectrometers. Such resolution allows one to resolve the fine spectral structure of the XFEL pulse. The effect of diffraction focusing occurs in a single crystal plate due to dynamical scattering, and is similar to focusing in a Pendry lens made from the metamaterial with a negative refraction index. Such a spectrometer is easier to operate than those based on bent crystals. We show that the DFS can be used in a wide energy range from 5 keV to 20 keV.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Electric-Field Programmable Spin Arrays for Scalable Quantum Repeaters
Creators: name: Wang, Hanfeng
name: Trusheim, Matthew E.
name: Kim, Laura
name: Englund, Dirk R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large scale control over thousands of quantum emitters desired by quantum network technology is limited by power consumption and cross-talk inherent in current microwave techniques. Here we propose a quantum repeater architecture based on densely-packed diamond color centers (CCs) in a programmable electrode array. This 'electric-field programmable spin array' (eFPSA) enables high-speed spin control of individual CCs with low cross-talk and power dissipation. Integrated in a slow-light waveguide for efficient optical coupling, the eFPSA serves as a quantum interface for optically-mediated entanglement. We evaluate the performance of the eFPSA architecture in comparison to a routing tree design and show increased entanglement generation rate into thousands of qubits regime. Our results enable high fidelity control of dense quantum emitter arrays for scalable networking.
description: Main text: 7 pages, 4 figures; Appendix: 3 pages, 4 figures
Revised SWIRE photometric redshifts
Creators: name: Rowan-Robinson, Michael
name: Gonzalez-Solares, Eduardo
name: Vaccari, Mattia
name: Marchetti, Lucia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have revised the SWIRE Photometric Redshift Catalogue to take account of new optical photometry in several of the SWIRE areas, and incorporating 2MASS and UKIDSS near infrared data. Aperture matching is an important issue for combining near infrared and optical data, and we have explored a number of methods of doing this. The increased number of photometric bands available for the redshift solution results in improvements both in the rms error and, especially, in the outlier rate. We have also found that incorporating the dust torus emission into the QSO templates improves the performance for QSO redshift estimation. Our revised redshift catalogue contains over 1 million extragalactic objects, of which 26288 are QSOs.
description: 12 pages, 28 figures, accepted for publication MRRAS
On the fractal dimension of the Duffing attractor
Creators: name: Tarnopolski, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The box counting dimension $d_C$ and the correlation dimension $d_G$ change with the number of numerically generated points forming the attractor. At a sufficiently large number of points the fractal dimension tends to a finite value. The obtained values are $d_C\approx 1.43$ and $d_G\approx 1.38$.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures; template changed, introduction and discussion enlarged, references and appendices added; accepted version published in the Romanian Reports of Physics
A Nonlinear Force-Free Magnetic Field Approximation Suitable for Fast Forward-Fitting to Coronal Loops. I. Theory
Creators: name: Aschwanden, Markus J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytical approximation of nonlinear force-free magnetic field solutions (NLFFF) that can efficiently be used for fast forward-fitting to solar magnetic data, constrained either by observed line-of-sight magnetograms and stereoscopically triangulated coronal loops, or by 3D vector-magnetograph data. The derived NLFFF solutions provide the magnetic field components $B_x({\bf x})$, $B_y({\bf x})$, $B_z({\bf x})$, the force-free parameter $α({\bf x})$, the electric current density ${\bf j}({\bf x})$, and are accurate to second-order (of the nonlinear force-free $α$-parameter). The explicit expressions of a force-free field can easily be applied to modeling or forward-fitting of many coronal phenomena.
description: Solar Physics (in press), 26 pages, 11 figures
Additional file 1 of Common clinical blood and urine biomarkers for ischemic stroke: an Estonian Electronic Health Records database study
Creators: name: Kurvits, Siim
name: Harro, Ainika
name: Reigo, Anu
name: Ott, Anne
name: Laur, Sven
name: Särg, Dage
name: Tampuu, Ardi
name: Alasoo, Kaur
name: Vilo, Jaak
name: Milani, Lili
name: Haller, Toomas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Abbreviations used in the article. Table S2. Clinical parameters mentioned in the article. Text S3. Raw data extraction workflow. Text S4. Semi-automatic pipeline for cleaning raw tabular EHR data for downstream analyses of IS. Fig. S5. Sources for phenotype information from the EstBB. Text S6. Filters used in Association Rule Mining (ARM) to identify potentially interesting rules for further testing. Text S7. R script to transform numerical clinical data for Logistic Regression (LR). Text S8. R script used for Cox Proportinal Hazards (CPH) model and Kaplan-Meier (K-M) graphs. Text S9. Deep neural networks (DNN) implementation. Table S10. Five association rules (ARMs) identified. Fig. S11. Lowess curve examples. Table S12. Summary of lowess. Table S13. Summary of Logistic Regression (LR). Fig. S14. Kaplan-Meier graphs for CPs with P<0.001 and proportional hazards. Table S15. Summary of Cox Proportional Hazards (CPH) model. Fig. S16. Kaplan-Meier graphs for B.Plt. Fig. S17. Kaplan-Meier graphs for B.MCH. Fig. S18. Kaplan-Meier graphs for S.P.HDL.Chol/S.P.Chol. Fig. S19. Kaplan-Meier graphs for B.Lymph.%/B.Neut.%. Table S20. Data sources for ML models. Fig. S21. Workflow of ML model creation and testing. Table S22. The ML ensemble models tested.
Dielectron Measurements in STAR
Creators: name: Geurts, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions provide a unique environment to study the properties of strongly interacting matter. Dileptons, which are not affected by the strong interactions, are an ideal penetrating probe. We present the dielectron results for p+p and Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}}$ =200 GeV, as measured by the STAR experiment. We discuss the prospects of dilepton measurements with the near-future detector upgrades, and the recent lower beam energy Au+Au measurements.
description: Resonance Workshop at UT Austin (2012), 8 pages,15 figures
Beyond i.i.d. in the Resource Theory of Asymmetry: An Information-Spectrum Approach for Quantum Fisher Information
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Koji
name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energetic coherence is indispensable for various operations, including precise measurement of time and acceleration of quantum manipulations. Since energetic coherence is fragile, it is essential to understand the limits in distillation and dilution to restore damage. The resource theory of asymmetry (RTA) provides a rigorous framework to investigate energetic coherence as a resource to break time-translation symmetry. Recently, in the i.i.d. regime where identical copies of a state are converted into identical copies of another state, it has been shown that the convertibility of energetic coherence is governed by a standard measure of energetic coherence, called the quantum Fisher information (QFI). This fact means that QFI in the theory of energetic coherence takes the place of entropy in thermodynamics and entanglement entropy in entanglement theory. However, distillation and dilution in realistic situations take place in regimes beyond i.i.d., where quantum states often have complex correlations. Unlike entanglement theory, the conversion theory of energetic coherence in pure states in the non-i.i.d. regime has been an open problem. In this Letter, we solve this problem by introducing a new technique: an information-spectrum method for QFI. Two fundamental quantities, coherence cost and distillable coherence, are shown to be equal to the spectral QFI rates for arbitrary sequences of pure states. As a consequence, we find that both entanglement theory and RTA in the non-i.i.d. regime are understood in the information-spectrum method, while they are based on different quantities, i.e., entropy and QFI, respectively.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Three-mass triangle integrals and single-valued polylogarithms
Creators: name: Chavez, Federico
name: Duhr, Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study one and two-loop triangle integrals with massless propagators and all external legs off shell. We show that there is a kinematic region where the results can be expressed in terms of a basis of single-valued polylogarithms in one complex variable. The relevant space of single-valued functions can be determined a priori and the results take strikingly a simple and compact form when written in terms of this basis. We study the properties of the basis functions and illustrate how one can easily analytically continue our results to all kinematic regions where the external masses have the same sign.
description: 31 pages, 2 figures
Antipatterns in Software Classification Taxonomies
Creators: name: Sas, Cezar
name: Capiluppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Empirical results in software engineering have long started to show that findings are unlikely to be applicable to all software systems, or any domain: results need to be evaluated in specified contexts, and limited to the type of systems that they were extracted from. This is a known issue, and requires the establishment of a classification of software types. This paper makes two contributions: the first is to evaluate the quality of the current software classifications landscape. The second is to perform a case study showing how to create a classification of software types using a curated set of software systems. Our contributions show that existing, and very likely even new, classification attempts are deemed to fail for one or more issues, that we named as the `antipatterns' of software classification tasks. We collected 7 of these antipatterns that emerge from both our case study, and the existing classifications. These antipatterns represent recurring issues in a classification, so we discuss practical ways to help researchers avoid these pitfalls. It becomes clear that classification attempts must also face the daunting task of formulating a taxonomy of software types, with the objective of establishing a hierarchy of categories in a classification.
description: Accepted for publish at the Journal of Systems and Software
Sorex thibetanus Kastschenko 1905
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Sorex
Sorex thibetanus

description: Sorex thibetanus Kastschenko, 1905. Izv. Tomsk. Univ., 27:93. TYPE LOCALITY: "Tsaidam" [NE Tibet]. DISTRIBUTION: Himalyas and NE Tibet. COMMENTS: The pygmy shrews of the Himalayas are the subject of controversy. The original description of thibetanus (as a subspecies of minutus) is not very helpful and the holotype in the Tomsk Academy was considered to be lost (Yudin, pers. comm. 1977 to the author); Hutterer (1979) therefore regarded thibetanus as a nomen dubium. Dolgov and Hoffmann (1977) and later Hoffmann (1987) used thibetanus to define a Himalayan species in which they included buchariensis, kozlovi, planiceps, and specimens from Nepal and China reported as minutus by various authors. Hutterer (1979) instead recognized three species, buchariensis, planiceps, and minutus as occurring in the Himalayas and regarded kozlovi and thibetanus as indeterminable. Zaitsev (1988) pointed out differences between buchariensis and thibetanus. Surprisingly, the holotype of thibetanus turned up in the Zoological Museum of Moscow (Baranova et al., 1981) and Hoffmann (1987) reported on its measurements. These did not solve the problem but instead matched well with minutus. The controversy still remains unresolved and can be solved presumably only with new material and a more complete data set. Provisionally all the mentioned forms are listed separately.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 121, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Dolgov, V. A., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1977. Tibetskaya burozubka- - Sorex thibetanus Kastchenko, 1905 (Soricidae Mammalia). Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 46: 1687 - 1692 (in Russian).", "Hoffmann, R. S. 1987. A review of the systematics and distribution of Chinese red-toothed shrews (Mammalia: Soricinae). Acta Theriologica Sinica, 7: 100 - 139.", "Zaitsev, M. V. 1988. [On the nomenclature of red-toothed shrews of the genus Sorex in the fauna of the USSR.] Zoologicheskii Zhurnal, 67: 1878 - 1888 (in Russian).", "Baranova, G. I., A. A. Gureev, and P. P. Strelkov. 1981. [Catalogue of type specimens in the collection of the Zoological Institute of the USSR, mammals (Mammalia). Part 1. shrews (Insectivora), bats (Chiroptera), hares (Lagomorpha)]. Nauka, Leningrad, 22 pp. (in Russian)."]}
A Variational Autoencoder for Heterogeneous Temporal and Longitudinal Data
Creators: name: Öğretir, Mine
name: Ramchandran, Siddharth
name: Papatheodorou, Dimitrios
name: Lähdesmäki, Harri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The variational autoencoder (VAE) is a popular deep latent variable model used to analyse high-dimensional datasets by learning a low-dimensional latent representation of the data. It simultaneously learns a generative model and an inference network to perform approximate posterior inference. Recently proposed extensions to VAEs that can handle temporal and longitudinal data have applications in healthcare, behavioural modelling, and predictive maintenance. However, these extensions do not account for heterogeneous data (i.e., data comprising of continuous and discrete attributes), which is common in many real-life applications. In this work, we propose the heterogeneous longitudinal VAE (HL-VAE) that extends the existing temporal and longitudinal VAEs to heterogeneous data. HL-VAE provides efficient inference for high-dimensional datasets and includes likelihood models for continuous, count, categorical, and ordinal data while accounting for missing observations. We demonstrate our model's efficacy through simulated as well as clinical datasets, and show that our proposed model achieves competitive performance in missing value imputation and predictive accuracy.
title: Profiling Sortase Substrate Specificity using Peptide Libraries
Creators: name: Nikghalb, Keyvan Dastkhosh
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2015

description:
The use of enzymes for protein modification chemistry has gained traction in recent years due to the remarkable site-selectivity that enzymes afford. Among enzymes reported for this purpose, sortase A from Staphylococcus aureus (SrtAStaph) has garnered significant attention because of its selectivity, and its ability to install a wide range of non-natural modifications. In addition to SrtAStaph, it is now appreciated that sortase homologs exist in many bacterial strains, each with the potential to serve as a new catalyst for protein engineering. However, the majority of these enzymes has not been studied biochemically, and in order to utilize these enzymes for protein modification it is critical that the activity and specificity of each enzyme be verified experimentally. This includes determination of optimal substrate sequences and amine nucleophile preferences. Here we present progress toward characterizing the in vitro substrate specificity of ten sortase homologs using libraries of synthetic peptide substrates.
Sofia Boesch Gajano (Hrsg.), Agiografia altomedievale, 1976 / Baudouin de Gaiffier, Recueil d’hagiographie. Publié à l’occasion du 80me anniversaire de l'auteur, 1977
Creators: name: Heinzelmann, Martin
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 6 (1978)
Bernstein - von Mises theorem and misspecified models: a review
Creators: name: Bochkina, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62-02, 62F15

description: This is a review of asymptotic and non-asymptotic behaviour of Bayesian methods under model specification. In particular we focus on consistency, i.e. convergence of the posterior distribution to the point mass at the best parametric approximation to the true model, and conditions for it to be locally Gaussian around this point. For well specified regular models, variance of the Gaussian approximation coincides with the Fisher information, making Bayesian inference asymptotically efficient. In this review, we discuss how this is affected by model misspecification. We also discuss approaches to adjust Bayesian inference to make it asymptotically efficient under model misspecification.
Chiral polarization scale of QCD vacuum and spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Alexandru, Andrei
name: Horvath, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been found that dynamics of pure glue QCD supports the low energy band of Dirac modes with local chiral properties qualitatively different from that of a bulk: while bulk modes suppress chirality relative to statistical independence between left and right, the band modes enhance it. The width of such chirally polarized zone - chiral polarization scale Lambda_ch - has been shown to be finite in the continuum limit at fixed physical volume. Here we present evidence that Lambda_ch remains non-zero also in the infinite volume, and is therefore a dynamical scale in the theory. Our experiments in N_f=2+1 QCD support the proposition that the same holds in the massless limit, connecting Lambda_ch to spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking. In addition, our results suggest that thermal agitation in quenched QCD destroys both chiral polarization and condensation of Dirac modes at the same temperature T_ch > T_c.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Proceedings of "Extreme QCD" workshop, Washington, DC, Aug 21-23 2012
title: Audiologic Clinical Practice Patterns: Infant Assessment
Creators: name: Findlen, Ursula M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2020

description: The purpose of the present study was to report the current clinical practice patterns for assessment of infants after a referred newborn hearing screening within the context of available guidelines and to examine how the advent of newer stimuli, technology, and/or instrumentation has changed clinical practice patterns for audiologic infant assessment. A mixed-method survey that included both quantitative and qualitative questions was disseminated to pediatric audiologists in 2017. Quantitative data were analyzed via descriptive statistics while qualitative questions were analyzed via content analysis and combined with associated quantitative data. Lastly, infant assessment test battery categorization was completed to ascertain the extent to which providers were using recommended protocols. Results revealed appreciable variability in the test batteries employed by facilities evaluating infants. Additionally, a sizable portion of facilities are not using test batteries recommended by sources of guidance for evidence-based practice, suggesting a possible need for adopting a standardized protocol in the United States. Factors that potentially contribute to these results are reviewed as well as proposed next steps towards improving adherence to recommended guidelines.
Additional file 1 of The impact of selected methodological factors on data collection outcomes in observational studies of device-measured physical behaviour in adults: A systematic review
Creators: name: Pulsford, Richard M.
name: Brocklebank, Laura
name: Fenton, Sally A. M.
name: Bakker, Esmée
name: Mielke, Gregore I.
name: Tsai, Li-Tang
name: Atkin, Andrew J.
name: Harvey, Danielle L.
name: Blodgett, Joanna M.
name: Ahmadi, Matthew
name: Wei, Le
name: Rowlands, Alex
name: Doherty, Aiden
name: Rangul, Vegar
name: Koster, Annemarie
name: Sherar, Lauren B.
name: Holtermann, Andreas
name: Hamer, Mark
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary figure 1. Example search strategy
Provably Safe Reinforcement Learning: Conceptual Analysis, Survey, and Benchmarking
Creators: name: Krasowski, Hanna
name: Thumm, Jakob
name: Müller, Marlon
name: Schäfer, Lukas
name: Wang, Xiao
name: Althoff, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ensuring the safety of reinforcement learning (RL) algorithms is crucial to unlock their potential for many real-world tasks. However, vanilla RL and most safe RL approaches do not guarantee safety. In recent years, several methods have been proposed to provide hard safety guarantees for RL, which is essential for applications where unsafe actions could have disastrous consequences. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive comparison of these provably safe RL methods. Therefore, we introduce a categorization of existing provably safe RL methods, present the conceptual foundations for both continuous and discrete action spaces, and empirically benchmark existing methods. We categorize the methods based on how they adapt the action: action replacement, action projection, and action masking. Our experiments on an inverted pendulum and a quadrotor stabilization task indicate that action replacement is the best-performing approach for these applications despite its comparatively simple realization. Furthermore, adding a reward penalty, every time the safety verification is engaged, improved training performance in our experiments. Finally, we provide practical guidance on selecting provably safe RL approaches depending on the safety specification, RL algorithm, and type of action space.
description: The published paper is available at https://openreview.net/forum?id=mcN0ezbnzO
Sorex trowbridgii Baird 1857
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Soricidae
Sorex
Sorex trowbridgii

description: Sorex trowbridgii Baird, 1857. Mammalia, in Repts. U.S. Expl. Surv., 8(1):13. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, "Astoria [mouth of the Columbia River, Clatsop Co.], Oregon ". DISTRIBUTION: Coastal ranges from Washington (including Destruction Isl) to California (USA); SW British Columbia (Canada). SYNONYMS: destructioni, humboldtensis, mariposae, montereyensis. COMMENTS: Referred to unnamed subgenus by George (1988:456). Reviewed by George (1989, Mammalian Species, 337).
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 121, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["George, S. B. 1988. Systematics, historical biogeography, and evolution of the genus Sorex. Journal of Mammalogy, 69: 443 - 461.", "George, S. B. 1989. Sorex trowbridgii. Mammalian Species, 337: 1 - 5."]}
Equivariant Vector Bundles on T-Varieties
Creators: name: Ilten, Nathan
name: Süß, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let X be a T-variety, where T is an algebraic torus. We describe a fully faithful functor from the category of T-equivariant vector bundles on X to a certain category of filtered vector bundles on a suitable quotient of X by T. We show that if X is factorial, this functor gives an equivalence of categories. This generalizes Klyachko's description of equivariant vector bundles on toric varieties. We apply our machinery to show that vector bundles of low rank on projective space which are equivariant with respect to special subtori of the maximal torus must split, generalizing a theorem of Kaneyama. Further applications include descriptions of global vector fields on T-varieties, and a study of equivariant deformations of equivariant vector bundles.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures. Final version. To appear in Transformation Groups
Distracted Driving in Clark County, Nevada: Analysis of an Intervention on College Students
Creators: name: Manlove, Heidi Ann
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2017

description: Distracted driving is a growing public health concern. Highlighted in the media, local and government agencies and in peer-review literature are increased associations of motor vehicle crash related injuries and fatalities with distracted driving, especially involving youth drivers. The goal of this thesis was to analyze the effects of a distracted driving intervention on college students at University of Nevada, Las Vegas. Quantitative statistical analysis was performed to compare self-reported pre and post-intervention questionnaire responses of the experimental and control groups. Between-group analysis was performed using independent t-tests and ANOVA. Within-group differences were analyzed with Repeated Measures ANOVA (RM-ANOVA) and Cochran's Q Chi-square tests. The results indicate an overall observed desired effect of change with statistical significance for the experimental group after the intervention, which was not observed for the control group. There were also statistically significant differences within the experimental group responses in all three themed components of the questionnaire: behavior, attitude, and knowledge. The most interesting finding of this analysis is that a classroom based intervention can have effects on self-reported distracted driving related behaviors, attitudes, and knowledge after two weeks of completing the intervention. These results can inform development of future evidence-based distracted driving intervention programs.
FLAD: Adaptive Federated Learning for DDoS Attack Detection
Creators: name: Doriguzzi-Corin, Roberto
name: Siracusa, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated Learning (FL) has been recently receiving increasing consideration from the cybersecurity community as a way to collaboratively train deep learning models with distributed profiles of cyber threats, with no disclosure of training data. Nevertheless, the adoption of FL in cybersecurity is still in its infancy, and a range of practical aspects have not been properly addressed yet. Indeed, the Federated Averaging algorithm at the core of the FL concept requires the availability of test data to control the FL process. Although this might be feasible in some domains, test network traffic of newly discovered attacks cannot be always shared without disclosing sensitive information. In this paper, we address the convergence of the FL process in dynamic cybersecurity scenarios, where the trained model must be frequently updated with new recent attack profiles to empower all members of the federation with the latest detection features. To this aim, we propose FLAD (adaptive Federated Learning Approach to DDoS attack detection), an FL solution for cybersecurity applications based on an adaptive mechanism that orchestrates the FL process by dynamically assigning more computation to those members whose attacks profiles are harder to learn, without the need of sharing any test data to monitor the performance of the trained model. Using a recent dataset of DDoS attacks, we demonstrate that FLAD outperforms state-of-the-art FL algorithms in terms of convergence time and accuracy across a range of unbalanced datasets of heterogeneous DDoS attacks. We also show the robustness of our approach in a realistic scenario, where we retrain the deep learning model multiple times to introduce the profiles of new attacks on a pre-trained model.
Phase coexistence and associated non-equilibrium dynamics under simultaneously applied magnetic field and pressure
Creators: name: Pal, Sudip
name: Kumar, Kranti
name: Banerjee, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantitative estimation of the effect of simultaneously applied external pressure (P) and magnetic field (H) on the phase coexistence has been presented for Pr0.5Ca0.5Mn0.975Al0.025O3 and La0.5Ca0.5MnO3, where the ferromagnetic (FM)-metal and antiferromagnetic (AFM)-insulator phases compete in real space. We found that the nonequilibrium dynamics across the FM-AFM transition is primarily dictated by the effect of P and H on the supercooling, superheating temperatures, and the nucleation and growth rate of the equilibrium phase. These effects across the transition is also responsible for the relative volume fraction of the competing phases at low temperature. Importantly in the entire magnetic field-pressure-temperature range of phase coexistence, the interface between the two competing phases having different spin and structural order plays a very important role in controlling the non-equilibrium dynamics.
Conflicted Provision: Exploring the Intersection of Social Support and Deception
Creators: name: Mcdaniel, Courtney Lane
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2017

description: Social support and deception are both significant elements of close relationships. Social support involves verbal and nonverbal behaviors that are used when an individual is trying to help another person (Vangelisti, 2009). Social support is imperative to relationships, and as such, plays a large role within friendships, romantic relationships, and professional relationships alike. Research has suggested that friends in particular are one of the most enduring and irreplaceable sources of social support (Burleson, 1994; Burleson & Goldsmith, 1998; Floyd, 1995; Floyd & Parks, 1995). Thus, because friends comprise the strongest support system for many individuals, studying how deceptive communication functions within friendships could be very beneficial.
Additionally, deception is another aspect of close relationships that cannot be avoided. Deception involves a deliberate perpetuation of false information (O'Hair & Cody, 1994). It is often the case that in attempting to provide encouraging social support to their friends, individuals may feel the need to be deceptive in their communication. Individuals may feel the need to be honest with their friends, but may simultaneously want to provide a supportive message. Further, the truth may not always be the kindest version of support. Hence, when social support and deception intersect, a variety of tensions for a support provider may accompany it.
The present study intends to reveal more about the process individuals undergo when deciding whether to provide honest or deceptive supportive communication to friends, coworkers, and acquaintances. The study is focused on the motivations and expectations concerning social support and how best to provide it, as well as considerations of the support seeker. Provision of social support may not be as innate as it seems, as there are several challenges that arise in conjunction with being a provider. Implications for Politeness Theory and truth bias are also discussed. Methods for the current study entailed a seven day diary study, in which participants recorded their social support provision experiences and the emotions surrounding each instance. A follow-up survey was conducted to garner additional information from the study participants in regard to the study as a whole. Overall, it was revealed that friends were honest with each other more than they deceived each other, but the sense making that occurs in regard to support provision is anything but simple. In addition, the reasons why individuals provided the support they did, as well as insight into the provider's sense making process are also illuminated.
Observing scale-invariance in non-critical dynamical systems
Creators: name: Gros, Claudius
name: Markovic, Dimitrije
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent observation for scale invariant neural avalanches in the brain have been discussed in details in the scientific literature. We point out, that these results do not necessarily imply that the properties of the underlying neural dynamics are also scale invariant. The reason for this discrepancy lies in the fact that the sampling statistics of observations and experiments is generically biased by the size of the basins of attraction of the processes to be studied. One has hence to precisely define what one means with statements like `the brain is critical'. We recapitulate the notion of criticality, as originally introduced in statistical physics for second order phase transitions, turning then to the discussion of critical dynamical systems. We elucidate in detail the difference between a 'critical system', viz a system on the verge of a phase transition, and a 'critical state', viz state with scale-invariant correlations, stressing the fact that the notion of universality is linked to critical states. We then discuss rigorous results for two classes of critical dynamical systems, the Kauffman net and a vertex routing model, which both have non-critical states. However, an external observer that samples randomly the phase space of these two critical models, would find scale invariance. We denote this phenomenon as 'observational criticality' and discuss its relevance for the response properties of critical dynamical systems.
Additional file 2 of The impact of selected methodological factors on data collection outcomes in observational studies of device-measured physical behaviour in adults: A systematic review
Creators: name: Pulsford, Richard M.
name: Brocklebank, Laura
name: Fenton, Sally A. M.
name: Bakker, Esmée
name: Mielke, Gregore I.
name: Tsai, Li-Tang
name: Atkin, Andrew J.
name: Harvey, Danielle L.
name: Blodgett, Joanna M.
name: Ahmadi, Matthew
name: Wei, Le
name: Rowlands, Alex
name: Doherty, Aiden
name: Rangul, Vegar
name: Koster, Annemarie
name: Sherar, Lauren B.
name: Holtermann, Andreas
name: Hamer, Mark
name: Stamatakis, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary table S2. Extracted data for each study wave
title: Virginia Woolf and the Flâneuse: A Geocritical Approach to Mrs. Dalloway and the Voyage Out
Creators: name: Dean, Kayla
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2018

description: Using the theoretical framework of Geocriticism, Psychogeography, and the literary concepts of the flâneur and flâneuse, I argue that Virginia Woolf's female walkers have a unique aesthetic experience from the male walker of literature. Although this experience differs because of the strictures on Victorian and Modernist women in cities like London and Paris, I rely on the framework of both literary walkers to refute scholars who question the existence of the flâneuse. Through works like Mrs. Dalloway, The Voyage Out, "Street Haunting," "Kew Gardens," "Literary Geography," and A Room of One's Own, I contend through a mix of traditional scholarship and creative nonfiction prose techniques that Woolf's female walkers make a sizable imprint on our modern ideas of women walkers that not only participate in Baudelaire's idea of the flâneur but challenge it by suggesting that the flâneuse does not ignore the crowd, but rather engages with individual people. She does not have to walk alone to be a flâneuse but must rather challenge assumptions by continuing in her belief that the city is worth celebrating through walking its landscapes.
Sensitive Room-Temperature Terahertz Detection via Photothermoelectric Effect in Graphene
Creators: name: Cai, Xinghan
name: Sushkov, Andrei B.
name: Suess, Ryan J.
name: Jadidi, Mohammad M.
name: Jenkins, Greg S.
name: Nyakiti, Luke O.
name: Myers-Ward, Rachael L.
name: Li, Shanshan
name: Yan, Jun
name: Gaskill, D. Kurt
name: Murphy, Thomas E.
name: Drew, H. Dennis
name: Fuhrer, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terahertz (THz) radiation has uses from security to medicine; however, sensitive room-temperature detection of THz is notoriously difficult. The hot-electron photothermoelectric effect in graphene is a promising detection mechanism: photoexcited carriers rapidly thermalize due to strong electron-electron interactions, but lose energy to the lattice more slowly. The electron temperature gradient drives electron diffusion, and asymmetry due to local gating or dissimilar contact metals produces a net current via the thermoelectric effect. Here we demonstrate a graphene thermoelectric THz photodetector with sensitivity exceeding 10 V/W (700 V/W) at room temperature and noise equivalent power less than 1100 pW/Hz^1/2 (20 pW/Hz^1/2), referenced to the incident (absorbed) power. This implies a performance which is competitive with the best room-temperature THz detectors for an optimally coupled device, while time-resolved measurements indicate that our graphene detector is eight to nine orders of magnitude faster than those. A simple model of the response, including contact asymmetries (resistance, work function and Fermi-energy pinning) reproduces the qualitative features of the data, and indicates that orders-of-magnitude sensitivity improvements are possible.
description: Published 07 September 2014 in Nature Nanotechnology
A new decomposition of the graph Laplacian and the binomial structure of mass-action systems
Creators: name: Müller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C20, 37A50, 92C45, 34D20, 52B11

description: We provide a new decomposition of the Laplacian matrix (for labeled directed graphs with strongly connected components), involving an invertible $\textit{core matrix}$, the vector of tree constants, and the incidence matrix of an auxiliary graph, representing an order on the vertices. Depending on the particular order, the core matrix has additional properties. Our results are graph-theoretic/algebraic in nature. As a first application, we further clarify the binomial structure of (weakly reversible) mass-action systems, arising from chemical reaction networks. Second, we extend a classical result by Horn and Jackson on the asymptotic stability of special steady states (complex-balanced equilibria). Here, the new decomposition of the graph Laplacian allows us to consider regions in the positive orthant with given $\textit{monomial evaluation orders}$ (and corresponding polyhedral cones in logarithmic coordinates). As it turns out, all dynamical systems are asymptotically stable that can be embedded in certain $\textit{binomial differential inclusions}$. In particular, this holds for complex-balanced mass-action systems, and hence we also obtain a polyhedral-geometry proof of the classical result.