cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Earth...Kitchen...Table
Creators: name: Young, Shannon
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2008
Subjects: Fine Arts (0357)

description: The politics of local versus global food infiltrates our homes and kitchens daily. Much of the population is completely unaware of the distance that their food must travel. Many of the choices that we make about food are automatic. We are trained at very young age to eat three meals a day. But the duration and purpose of our meals has changed drastically in the last century. Our fast paced culture forces us to gobble down frozen, canned and pre-packaged food without thought of quality or taste.   So one might ask, why should we care about where our food comes from and when and where we eat it? My market installation, digital prints, artist books, video of my urban gardening and sculpture (in the form of jars of fruit and vegetables that I have preserved) seeks to provoke awareness of the urgency of such questions in contemporary life.
JWST/MIRI Simulated Imaging: Insights into Obscured Star-Formation and AGN for Distant Galaxies in Deep Surveys
Creators: name: Yang, Guang
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Bagley, Micaela B.
name: Buat, Veronique
name: Burgarella, Denis
name: Dickinson, Mark E.
name: Elbaz, David
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Fontana, Adriano
name: Grogin, Norman A.
name: Jung, Intae
name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan S.
name: Kirkpatrick, Allison
name: Pérez-González, Pablo G.
name: Pirzkal, Norbert
name: Yung, L. Y. Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The JWST MIRI instrument will revolutionize extragalactic astronomy with unprecedented sensitivity and angular resolution in mid-IR. Here, we assess the potential of MIRI photometry to constrain galaxy properties in the Cosmic Evolution Early Release Science (CEERS) survey. We derive estimated MIRI fluxes from the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of real sources that fall in a planned MIRI pointing. We also obtain MIRI fluxes for hypothetical AGN-galaxy mixed models varying the AGN fractional contribution to the total IR luminosity ($\rm frac_{AGN}$). Based on these model fluxes, we simulate CEERS imaging (3.6-hour exposure) in 6 bands from F770W to F2100W using MIRISIM, and reduce these data using JWST PIPELINE. We perform PSF-matched photometry with TPHOT, and fit the source SEDs with X-CIGALE, simultaneously modeling photometric redshift and other physical properties. Adding the MIRI data, the accuracy of both redshift and $\rm frac_{AGN}$ is generally improved by factors of $\gtrsim 2$ for all sources at $z\lesssim 3$. Notably, for pure-galaxy inputs ($\rm frac_{AGN}=0$), the accuracy of $\rm frac_{AGN}$ is improved by $\sim 100$ times thanks to MIRI. The simulated CEERS MIRI data are slightly more sensitive to AGN detections than the deepest X-ray survey, based on the empirical $L_{\rm X}$-$L_{\rm 6μm}$ relation. Like X-ray observations, MIRI can also be used to constrain the AGN accretion power (accuracy $\approx 0.3$ dex). Our work demonstrates that MIRI will be able to place strong constraints on the mid-IR luminosities from star formation and AGN, and thereby facilitate studies of the galaxy/AGN co-evolution.
description: 31 pages, 24 figures, 3 tables. Re-submitted to ApJS after revision
Supplementary Material from Aggregation of adult parasitic nematodes in sex-mixed groups analysed by transient anomalous diffusion formalism.
Creators: name: Leben, Ruth
name: Rausch, Sebastian
name: Elomaa, Laura
name: Hauser, Anja
name: Weinhart, Marie
name: Fischer, Sabine Christine
name: Stark, Holger
name: Hartmann, Susanne
name: Niesner, Raluca
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 400399
subject: Biomedical engineering not elsewhere classified

description: Supplement Material.docx
Probing Cosmic Chemical Evolution with Gamma-Ray Bursts: GRB060206 at z=4.048
Creators: name: Fynbo, J. P. U.
name: Starling, R. L. C.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Wiersema, K.
name: Thöne, C. C.
name: Sollerman, J.
name: Jakobsson, P.
name: Hjorth, J.
name: Watson, D.
name: Vreeswijk, P. M.
name: Møller, P.
name: Rol, E.
name: Gorosabel, J.
name: Näränen, J.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Björnsson, G.
name: Cerón, J. M. Castro
name: Curran, P.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Jensen, B. L.
name: Levan, A. J.
name: Limousin, M.
name: Kouveliotou, C.
name: Nelemans, G.
name: Pedersen, K.
name: Priddey, R. S.
name: Tanvir, N. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aim: We present early optical spectroscopy of the afterglow of the gamma-ray burst GRB 060206 with the aim of determining the metallicity of the GRB absorber and the physical conditions in the circumburst medium. We also discuss how GRBs may be important complementary probes of cosmic chemical evolution. Method: Absorption line study of the GRB afterglow spectrum. Results: We determine the redshift of the GRB to be z=4.04795+/-0.00020. Based on the measurement of the neutral hydrogen column density from the damped Lyman-alpha line and the metal content from weak, unsaturated Sii lines we derive a metallicity of [S/H] =-0.84+/-0.10. This is one of the highest metallicities measured from absorption lines at z~4. From the very high column densities for the forbidden Siii*, Oi*, and Oi** lines we infer very high densities and low temperatures in the system. There is evidence for the presence of H$_2$ molecules with logN(H_2) ~ 17.0, translating into a molecular fraction of logf \~ -3.5 with f=2N(H_2)/(2N(H_2)+ N(Hi)). Even if GRBs are only formed by single massive stars with metallicities below ~0.3Z(solar), they could still be fairly unbiased tracers of the bulk of the star formation at z>2. Hence, metallicities as derived for GRB060206 here for a complete sample of GRB afterglows will directly show the distribution of metallicities for representative star-forming galaxies at these redshifts.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A Letters
VLSI MODULES FOR POWER SUPPLY MONITOR AND POWER ANALYSIS COUNTERMEASURE
Creators: name: Laohavaleeson, Ekarat
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2009
Subjects: DPA countermeasure
power analysis
power analysis countermeasure
power supply measurement
power supply monitor

description: In today's technologies, it is critical to monitor power supply variations due to their negative impact on performance and integrity of the system. These variations are difficult to estimate accurately during the design phase due to their strong dependence on various parasitic elements, both on-chip and off-chip as well as process dependence of local switching activity. Therefore on-chip power supply monitoring is required to provide feedback to the design flow or provide inputs to any mechanism that actively compensates for power supply noise errors. Interestingly, some of these power supply fluctuation characteristics have been exploited by various iDDT test techniques for defect screening. In cryptographical application, power consumption variations seen off-chip are a rich source of information for the intruders to obtain secret materials from the system. An attacker can use various techniques to analyze power consumption information of a cryptographic device to gain an understanding of its internal operation. Consequently, these side-channel information need to be masked to make it very difficult or practically impossible to perform power analysis on the secured system. In this work, we propose on-chip monitoring and power analysis countermeasure solutions that can be used concurrently for these allied applications. The circuits 1) are designed to measure multiple power supply parameters and provide protection against power analysis attack 2) can be calibrated for process tolerance and 3) can be used on most logic cores without modification.
Divide and Conquer: An Ensemble Approach for Hostile Post Detection in Hindi
Creators: name: Bhatnagar, Varad
name: Kumar, Prince
name: Moghili, Sairam
name: Bhattacharyya, Pushpak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently the NLP community has started showing interest towards the challenging task of Hostile Post Detection. This paper present our system for Shared Task at Constraint2021 on "Hostile Post Detection in Hindi". The data for this shared task is provided in Hindi Devanagari script which was collected from Twitter and Facebook. It is a multi-label multi-class classification problem where each data instance is annotated into one or more of the five classes: fake, hate, offensive, defamation, and non-hostile. We propose a two level architecture which is made up of BERT based classifiers and statistical classifiers to solve this problem. Our team 'Albatross', scored 0.9709 Coarse grained hostility F1 score measure on Hostile Post Detection in Hindi subtask and secured 2nd rank out of 45 teams for the task. Our submission is ranked 2nd and 3rd out of a total of 156 submissions with Coarse grained hostility F1 score of 0.9709 and 0.9703 respectively. Our fine grained scores are also very encouraging and can be improved with further finetuning. The code is publicly available.
Complexity on Small Scales III: Iron and alpha Element Abundances in the Carina Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxy
Creators: name: Koch, A.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Gilmore, G. F.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Kleyna, J. T.
name: Harbeck, D. R.
name: Wilkinson, M. I.
name: Evans, N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained high-resolution spectroscopy of ten red giants in the Carina dwarf spheroidal (dSph) with UVES at the ESO/VLT. Here we present the abundances of O,Na,Mg,Si,Ca,Ti and Fe. By comparing the iron abundances [Fe/H] with calcium triplet (CaT) metallicities we show that the empirical CaT technique yields good agreement with the high-resolution data for [Fe/H]>-2 dex, but tends to deviate at lower metallicities. We identify two metal poor stars with iron abundances of -2.72 and -2.50 dex. These stars are found to have enhanced [alpha/Fe] ratios similar to those of stars in the Milky Way halo. However, the bulk of the Carina red giants are depleted in the [alpha/Fe] abundance ratios with respect to the Galactic halo at a given metallicity. One of our targets, with a [Fe/H] of -1.5 dex, is considerably depleted in almost all of the alpha-elements by ~0.5 dex compared to the solar values. Such a low [alpha/Fe] can be produced by stochastical fluctuations in terms of an incomplete mixing of single Type Ia and II SNe events into the ISM. Our derived element ratios are consistent with the episodic and extended SF in Carina known from its color-magnitude diagram. We find a considerable star-to-star scatter in the abundance ratios. This suggests that Carina's SF history varies with position within the galaxy, with incomplete mixing. Alternatively, the SF rate is so low that the high-mass stellar IMF is sparsely populated, as statistically expected in low-mass star clusters, leading to real scatter in the resultant mass-integrated yields. Both ideas are consistent with slow stochastic SF in dissolving associations, so that one may not speak of a single SF history at a detailed level (Abridged).
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the AJ
Brief History of St. Luke's Episcopal Church. East Hampton, L.I. New York, 1859-1976 By Amy Osborn Bassford
Creators: name: Bassford, Amy Osborn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Springs
East Hampton
Churches
Episcopal churches

description: This Pamphlet describes a brief history of St. Luke's Church in East Hampton, written by Amy Osborn Bassford.
description: This material was lent to the Long Island Collection by the Springs Historical Society Library for digitization purposes.
Correlation of mesolevel characteristics of the healthcare system and socioeconomic inequality in healthcare use: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: Novelli, Anna
name: Schüttig, Wiebke
name: Spallek, Jacob
name: Wachtler, Benjamin
name: Diehl, Katharina
name: Moor, Irene
name: Richter, Matthias
name: Dragano, Nico
name: Sundmacher, Leonie
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction Although the impact of macrolevel characteristics of health systems on socioeconomic inequity in health has been studied extensively, the impact of access characteristics on a smaller scale of health systems has received less attention. These mesolevel characteristics can influence access to healthcare and might have the potential to moderate or aggravate socioeconomic inequity in healthcare use. This scoping review aims to map the existing evidence of the association of socioeconomic inequity in healthcare use and mesolevel access characteristics of the health system. Methods and analysis In conducting the scoping review, we follow the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols Extension for Scoping Reviews. The search will be carried out in four scientific databases: MEDLINE (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus and PsycINFO. Main eligibility criteria are inclusion in the analysis of a measure of socioeconomic position, a measure of individual healthcare use and a mesolevel determinant of access to healthcare services. The selection process consists of two consecutive screening stages (first: title/abstract; second: full text). At both stages, two reviewers independently assess the eligibility of studies. In case of disagreement, a third reviewer will be involved. Cohen’s kappa will be calculated to report inter-rater agreement between reviewers. Results are synthesised narratively, as a high heterogeneity of studies is expected. Ethics and dissemination No primary data are collected for the presented scoping review. Therefore, ethical approval is not necessary. The scoping review will be published in an international peer-reviewed journal, and findings will be presented on national and international conferences.
Kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich tomography with line-intensity mapping
Creators: name: Sato-Polito, Gabriela
name: Bernal, José Luis
name: Boddy, Kimberly K.
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (kSZ) effect is a secondary cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropy induced by the scattering of CMB photons off intervening electrons. Through cross-correlations with tracers of large-scale structure, the kSZ effect can be used to reconstruct the 3-dimensional radial-velocity field, a technique known as kSZ tomography. We explore the cross-correlation between the CMB and line-intensity fluctuations to retrieve the late-time kSZ signal across a wide redshift range. We focus on the CII emission line, and predict the signal-to-noise ratio of the kSZ tomography signal between redshifts $z=1-5$ for upcoming experiments. We show that while instruments currently under construction may reach a low-significance detection of kSZ tomography, next-generation experiments will achieve greater sensitivity, with a detection significance of $\mathcal{O}(10^2-10^3)$. Due to sample-variance cancellation, the cross-correlation between the reconstructed velocity field from kSZ tomography and intensity fluctuations can improve measurements of %the scale-dependent bias contributions from new physics to the power spectrum at large scales. To illustrate this improvement, we consider models of the early Universe that induce primordial local-type non-gaussianity and correlated compensated isocurvature perturbations. We show that with CMB-S4 and an AtLAST-like survey, the uncertainty on $f_{\rm NL}$ and $A_{\rm CIP}$ can be reduced by a factor of $\sim 3$, achieving $σ(f_{\rm NL}) \lesssim 1$. We further show that probing both low and high redshifts is crucial to break the degeneracy between the two parameters.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Charge Density Waves beyond the Pauli paramagnetic limit in 2D systems
Creators: name: Aperis, Alex
name: Varelogiannis, Georgios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional materials are ideal candidates to host Charge density waves (CDWs) that exhibit paramagnetic limiting behavior, similarly to the well known case of superconductors. Here we study how CDWs in two-dimensional systems can survive beyond the Pauli limit when they are subjected to a strong magnetic field by developing a generalized mean-field theory of CDWs under Zeeman fields that includes incommensurability, imperfect nesting and temperature effects and the possibility of a competing or coexisting Spin density wave (SDW) order. Our numerical calculations yield rich phase diagrams with distinct high-field phases above the Pauli limiting field. For perfectly nested commensurate CDWs, a $q$-modulated CDW phase that is completely analogous to the superconducting Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase appears at high-fields. In the more common case of imperfect nesting, the commensurate CDW groundstate undergoes a series of magnetic-field-induced phase transitions first into a phase where commensurate CDW and SDW coexist and subsequently into another phase where CDW and SDW acquire a $q$-modulation that is however distinct from the pure FFLO CDW phase. The commensurate CDW+SDW phase occurs for fields comparable to but less than the Pauli limit and survives above it. Thus this phase provides a plausible mechanism for the CDW to survive at high fields without the need of forming the more fragile FFLO phase. We suggest that the recently discovered 2D materials like the transition metal dichalcogenides offer a promising platform for observing such exotic field induced CDW phenomena.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, preprint version
GEOMScope: Large Field-of-view 3D Lensless Microscopy with Low Computational Complexity
Creators: name: Tian, Feng
name: Hu, Junjie
name: Yang, Weijian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recent development of lensless imagers has enabled three-dimensional (3D) imaging through a thin piece of optics in close proximity to a camera sensor. A general challenge of wide-field lensless imaging is the high computational complexity and slow speed to reconstruct 3D objects through iterative optimization process. Here, we demonstrated GEOMScope, a lensless 3D microscope that forms image through a single layer of microlens array and reconstructs objects through a geometrical-optics-based pixel back projection algorithm and background suppressions. Compared to others, our method allows local reconstruction, which significantly reduces the required computation resource and increases the reconstruction speed by orders of magnitude. This enables near real-time object reconstructions across a large volume of 23x23x5 mm^3, with a lateral resolution of 40 um and axial resolution of 300 um. Our system opens new avenues for broad biomedical applications such as endoscopy, which requires both miniaturized device footprint and real-time high resolution visualization.
Derivative corrections to the Born-Infeld action through beta-function calculations in N=2 boundary superspace
Creators: name: Nevens, S.
name: Sevrin, A.
name: Troost, W.
name: Wijns, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the beta-functions for an open string sigma-model in the presence of a U(1) background. Passing to N=2 boundary superspace, in which the background is fully characterized by a scalar potential, significantly facilitates the calculation. Performing the calculation through three loops yields the equations of motion up to five derivatives on the fieldstrengths, which upon integration gives the bosonic sector of the effective action for a single D-brane in trivial bulk background fields through four derivatives and to all orders in alpha'. Finally, the present calculation shows that demanding ultra-violet finiteness of the non-linear sigma-model can be reformulated as the requirement that the background is a deformed stable holomorphic U(1) bundle.
description: 25 pages, numerous figures
The real-space clustering of luminous red galaxies around z<0.6 quasars in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, N.
name: White, M.
name: Norberg, P.
name: Porciani, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the clustering of a sample of photometrically selected luminous red galaxies around a low redshift (0.2~ 10^{12} h^{-1} M_sun, Eddington ratios from 0.01 to 1 and lifetimes less than 10^{7} yr. Using simple models of halo occupation, these correspond to a number density of quasar hosts greater than 10^{-3} h^{3} Mpc^{-3} and stellar masses less than 10^{11} h^{-1} M_sun. The small-scale clustering signal can be interpreted with the aid of our mock LRG catalogs, and depends on the manner in which quasars inhabit halos. We find that our small scale measurements are inconsistent with quasar positions being randomly subsampled from halo centers above a mass threshold, requiring a satellite fraction > 25 per cent.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Event Rate for Extreme Mass Ratio Burst Signals in the LISA Band
Creators: name: Rubbo, Louis J.
name: Holley-Bockelmann, Kelly
name: Finn, Lee Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar mass compact objects in short period orbits about a $10^{4.5}$--$10^{7.5}$ solar mass massive black hole (MBH) are thought to be a significant continuous-wave source of gravitational radiation for the ESA/NASA Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) gravitational wave detector. However, these extreme mass-ratio inspiral sources began in long-period, nearly parabolic orbits that have multiple close encounters with the MBH. The gravitational radiation emitted during these close encounters may be detectable by LISA as a gravitational wave burst if the characteristic passage timescale is less than $10^5$ seconds. Scaling a static, spherical model to the size and mass of the Milky Way bulge we estimate an event rate of ~ 15 per year for such burst signals, detectable by LISA with signal-to-noise greater than five, originating in our galaxy. When extended to include Virgo cluster galaxies our estimate increases to a gravitational wave burst rate of ~ 18. We conclude that these extreme mass-ratio burst sources may be a steady and significant source of gravitational radiation in the LISA data streams.
description: 4 pages, minor revisions. Accepted for ApJ Letters
Strong-coupling dynamics and entanglement in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Casalderrey-Solana, Jorge
name: Ecker, Christian
name: Mateos, David
name: van der Schee, Wilke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use holography to study the dynamics of a strongly-coupled gauge theory in four-dimensional de Sitter space with Hubble rate $H$. The gauge theory is non-conformal with a characteristic mass scale $M$. We solve Einstein's equations numerically and determine the time evolution of homogeneous gauge theory states. If their initial energy density is high compared with $H^4$ then the early-time evolution is well described by viscous hydrodynamics with a non-zero bulk viscosity. At late times the dynamics is always far from equilibrium. The asymptotic late-time state preserves the full de Sitter symmetry group and its dual geometry is a domain-wall in AdS$_5$. The approach to this state is characterised by an emergent relation of the form $\mathcal{P}=w\,\mathcal{E}$ that is different from the equilibrium equation of state in flat space. The constant $w$ does not depend on the initial conditions but only on $H/M$ and is negative if the ratio $H/M$ is close to unity. The event and the apparent horizons of the late-time solution do not coincide with one another, reflecting its non-equilibrium nature. In between them lies an "entanglement horizon" that cannot be penetrated by extremal surfaces anchored at the boundary, which we use to compute the entanglement entropy of boundary regions. If the entangling region equals the observable universe then the extremal surface coincides with a bulk cosmological horizon that just touches the event horizon, while for larger regions the extremal surface probes behind the event horizon.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures, comments welcome
A fresh look on the heating mechanisms of the Solar corona
Creators: name: Tsiklauri, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently using Particle-In-Cell simulations i.e. in the kinetic plasma description Tsiklauri et al. and Génot et al. reported on a discovery of a new mechanism of parallel electric field generation, which results in electron acceleration. In this work we show that the parallel (to the uniform unperturbed magnetic field) electric field generation can be obtained in much simpler framework using ideal Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) description, i.e. without resorting to complicated wave particle interaction effects such as ion polarisation drift and resulting space charge separation which seems to be an ultimate cause of the electron acceleration. Further, in the context of the coronal heating problem a new {\it two stage mechanism} of the plasma heating is presented by putting emphasis, first, on the generation of parallel electric fields within {\it ideal MHD} description directly, rather than focusing on the enhanced dissipation mechanisms of the Alfvén waves and, second, dissipation of these parallel electric fields via {\it kinetic} effects. It is shown that a single Alfvén wave harmonic with frequency ($ν= 7$ Hz), (which has longitudinal wavelength $λ_A = 0.63$ Mm for putative Alfvén speed of 4328 km s$^{-1}$) the generated parallel electric field could account for the 10% of the necessary coronal heating requirement. We conjecture that wide spectrum (10$^{-4}-10^3$ Hz) Alfvén waves, based on observationally constrained spectrum, could provide necessary coronal heating requirement.
description: This is Letter - Full paper is accepted for publication in Astron. Astrophys
Flux density variability of 286 radio pulsars from a decade of monitoring
Creators: name: Kumamoto, H.
name: Dai, S.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Kerr, M.
name: Shannon, R. M.
name: Weltevrede, P.
name: Sobey, C.
name: Manchester, R. N.
name: Hobbs, G.
name: Takahashi, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Parkes telescope has been monitoring 286 radio pulsars approximately monthly since 2007 at an observing frequency of 1.4 GHz. The wide dispersion measure (DM) range of the pulsar sample and the uniformity of the observing procedure make the data-set extremely valuable for studies of flux density variability and the interstellar medium. Here, we present flux density measurements and modulation indices of these pulsars over this period. We derive the structure function from the light curves and discuss the contributions to it from measurement noise, intrinsic variability and interstellar scintillation. Despite a large scatter, we show that the modulation index is inversely correlated with DM, and can be generally described by a power-law with an index of $\sim-0.7$ covering DMs from $\sim10$ to 1000 cm$^{-3}$ pc. We present refractive timescales and/or lower limits for a group of 42 pulsars. These often have values significantly different from theoretical expectations, indicating the complex nature of the interstellar medium along individual lines of sight. In particular, local structures and non-Kolmogorov density fluctuations are likely playing important roles in the observed flux density variation of many of these pulsars.
description: 27 pages, 46 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Letter from Colin C. MacRae to the Rainbow Ranche, November 23, 1909
Creators: name: MacRae, Colin C.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter from Colin C. MacRae, manager of the Royal Bank in Vernon, B.C., to the Rainbow Ranche, dated November 23, 1909, regarding authorization of Goldie's signature without permission of R.S. Dormer or J.E. McAllister.
Fixed points of quantum gravity in extra dimensions
Creators: name: Fischer, Peter
name: Litim, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum gravity in more than four dimensions with renormalisation group methods. We find a non-trivial ultraviolet fixed point in the Einstein-Hilbert action. The fixed point connects with the perturbative infrared domain through finite renormalisation group trajectories. We show that our results for fixed points and related scaling exponents are stable. If this picture persists at higher order, quantum gravity in the metric field is asymptotically safe. We discuss signatures of the gravitational fixed point in models with low-scale gravity and compact extra dimensions.
description: Wording sharpened, refs added, to appear in PLB
Supplemental Results, Figures, and Tables from Mosquito thermal tolerance is remarkably constrained across a large climatic range
Creators: name: Couper, Lisa I.
name: Farner, Johannah E.
name: Lyberger, Kelsey P.
name: Lee, Alexandra S.
name: Mordecai, Erin A.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: How mosquitoes may respond to rapid climate warming remains unknown for most species, but will have major consequences for their future distributions, with cascading impacts on human well-being, biodiversity and ecosystem function. We investigated the adaptive potential of a wide-ranging mosquito species, Aedes sierrensis, across a large climatic gradient by conducting a common garden experiment measuring the thermal limits of mosquito life-history traits. Although field-collected populations originated from vastly different thermal environments that spanned over 1200 km, we found limited variation in upper thermal tolerance between populations. In particular, the upper thermal limits of all life-history traits varied by less than 3°C across the species range and, for most traits, did not differ significantly between populations. For one life-history trait—pupal development rate—we did detect significant variation in upper thermal limits between populations, and this variation was strongly correlated with source temperatures, providing evidence of local thermal adaptation for pupal development. However, we found that maximum environmental temperatures across most of the species' range already regularly exceed the highest upper thermal limits estimated under constant temperatures.This result suggests that strategies for coping with and/or avoiding thermal extremes are likely key components of current and future mosquito thermal tolerance.
The LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey Deep fields: The star formation rate - radio luminosity relation at low frequencies
Creators: name: Smith, D. J. B.
name: Haskell, P.
name: Gürkan, G.
name: Best, P. N.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Kondapally, R.
name: Williams, W.
name: Duncan, K. J.
name: Cochrane, R. K.
name: McCheyne, I.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Sabater, J.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Tasse, C.
name: Bonato, M.
name: Bondi, M.
name: Jarvis, M. J.
name: Leslie, S. K.
name: Prandoni, I.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the relationship between 150MHz luminosity and star formation rate (the SFR-L150 relation) using 150MHz measurements for a near-infrared selected sample of 118,517 $z<1$ galaxies. New radio survey data offer compelling advantages for studying star formation in galaxies, with huge increases in sensitivity, survey speed and resolution over previous generation surveys, and remaining impervious to extinction. The LOFAR Surveys Key Science Project is transforming our understanding of the low-frequency radio sky, with the 150MHz data over the ELAIS-N1 field reaching an RMS sensitivity of 20uJy/beam over 10 deg$^2$ at 6" resolution. All of the galaxies studied have SFR and stellar mass estimates derived from energy balance SED fitting, using redshifts and aperture-matched forced photometry from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS) deep fields data release. The impact of active galactic nuclei is minimised by leveraging the deep ancillary data alongside outlier-resistant median-likelihood methods. We find a linear and non-evolving SFR-L150 relation, apparently consistent with expectations based on calorimetric arguments, down to the lowest SFRs. However, we also recover compelling evidence for stellar mass dependence in line with previous work on this topic, in the sense that higher mass galaxies have a larger 150MHz luminosity at a given SFR, suggesting that the overall agreement with calorimetric arguments may be a coincidence. We conclude that in the absence of AGN, 150MHz observations can be used to measure accurate galaxy SFRs out to $z=1$ at least, but it is necessary to account for stellar mass in order to obtain 150MHz-derived SFRs accurate to <0.5 dex. Our best-fit relation is $\log_{10} (L_\mathrm{150 MHz} / W\,Hz^{-1}) = (0.90\pm 0.01) \log_{10}(ψ/M_\odot\,\mathrm{yr}^{-1}) + (0.33 \pm 0.04) \log_{10} (M/10^{10}M_\odot) + 22.22 \pm 0.02$. (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in A&A. This paper is part of the 1st data release of the LoTSS Deep Fields
Rapid-Prototyping a Brownian Particle in an Active Bath
Creators: name: Park, Jin Tae
name: Paneru, Govind
name: Kwon, Chulan
name: Granick, Steve
name: Pak, Hyuk Kyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles kicked by external forces to produce mobility distinct from thermal diffusion are an iconic feature of the active matter problem. Here, we map this onto a minimal model for experiment and theory covering the wide time and length scales of usual active matter systems. A particle diffusing in a harmonic potential generated by an optical trap is kicked by programmed forces with time correlation at random intervals following the Poisson process. The model's generic simplicity allows us to find conditions for which displacements are Gaussian (or not), how diffusion is perturbed (or not) by kicks, and quantifying heat dissipation to maintain the non-equilibrium steady state in an active bath. The model reproduces experimental results of tracer mobility in an active bath of swimming algal cells. It can be used as a stochastic dynamic simulator for Brownian objects in various active baths without mechanistic understanding, owing to the generic framework of the protocol.
Report on outcomes of the field trials in Danube Delta
Creators: name: Cîmpan, Kinga
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: This deliverable describes details about the citizen science field campaigns conducted in Danube Delta pilot area. In particular, it addresses aspects regarding the organisation and execution of the campaigns, while also provides an overview of the citizen-generated observations, the feedback received and the evaluation of the activities from the participants and, recommendations towards facilitating the conduction of citizen science campaigns.
The (super)conformal BMS$_3$ algebra
Creators: name: Fuentealba, Oscar
name: Gonzalez, Hernan A.
name: Perez, Alfredo
name: Tempo, David
name: Troncoso, Ricardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The conformal extension of the BMS$_{3}$ algebra is constructed. Apart from an infinite number of 'superdilatations,' in order to incorporate 'superspecial conformal transformations,' the commutator of the latter with supertranslations strictly requires the presence of nonlinear terms in the remaining generators. The algebra appears to be very rigid, in the sense that its central extensions as well as the nonlinear terms coefficients become determined by the central charge of the Virasoro subalgebra. The wedge algebra corresponds to the conformal group in three spacetime dimensions $SO(3,2)$, so that the full algebra can also be interpreted as an infinite-dimensional nonlinear extension of the AdS$_{4}$ algebra with nontrivial central charges. Moreover, since the Lorentz subalgebra ($sl(2,R)$) is non-principally embedded within the conformal (wedge) algebra, according to the conformal weight of the generators, the conformal extension of BMS$_{3}$ can be further regarded as a $W_{(2,2,2,1)}$ algebra. An explicit canonical realization of the conformal extension of BMS$_{3}$ is then shown to emerge from the asymptotic structure of conformal gravity in 3D, endowed with a new set of boundary conditions. The supersymmetric extension is also briefly addressed.
description: 17 pages, no figures
MOSEL and IllustrisTNG: Massive Extended Galaxies at z=2 Quench Later Than Normal-size Galaxies
Creators: name: Gupta, Anshu
name: Tran, Kim-Vy
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Yuan, Tiantian
name: Harshan, Anishya
name: Rodriguez-Gomez, Vicente
name: Genel, Shy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the TNG100 (100 Mpc)^3 simulation of the IllustrisTNG project, we demonstrate a strong connection between the onset of star formation quenching and the stellar size of galaxies. We do so by tracking the evolutionary history of extended and normal-size galaxies selected at z=2 with log(M_star) = 10.2 - 11 and stellar-half-mass-radii above and within 1-sigma of the stellar size--stellar mass relation, respectively. We match the stellar mass and star formation rate distributions of the two populations. By z=1, only 36% of the extended massive galaxies have quenched, in contrast to a quenched fraction of 69% for the normal-size massive galaxies. We find that normal-size massive galaxies build up their central stellar mass without a significant increase in their stellar size between z=2-4, whereas the stellar size of the extended massive galaxies almost doubles in the same time. In IllustrisTNG, lower black hole masses and weaker kinetic-mode feedback appears to be responsible for the delayed quenching of star formation in the extended massive galaxies. We show that relatively gas-poor mergers may be responsible for the lower central stellar density and weaker supermassive black hole feedback in the extended massive galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The quest and hope of Majorana zero modes in topological superconductor for fault-tolerant quantum computing: an introductory overview
Creators: name: Ayukaryana, Nur R.
name: Fauzi, Mohammad H.
name: Hasdeo, Eddwi H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ettore Majorana, in his short life, unintendedly has uncovered the most profound problem in quantum computation by his discovery of Majorana fermion, a particle which is its own anti-particle. Owing to its non-Abelian exchange statistics, Majorana fermions may act as a qubit for a universal quantum computer which is fault-tolerant. The existence of such particle is predicted in mid-gap states (zero modes) of a topological superconductor as bound states that have a highly entangled degenerate ground state. This introductory overview will focus on the simplest theoretical proposals of Majorana fermions for topological quantum computing in superconducting systems, emphasizing the quest from the scalability problem of quantum computer to its possible solution with topological quantum computer employing non-Abelian anyons on various platforms of certain Majorana fermion signature encountered.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, The 4th International Seminar on Metallurgy and Materials (ISMM) 2020 Indonesian Institute of Sciences; typos corrected
Efficient Tensor Network ansatz for high-dimensional quantum many-body problems
Creators: name: Felser, Timo
name: Notarnicola, Simone
name: Montangero, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel tensor network structure augmenting the well-established Tree Tensor Network representation of a quantum many-body wave function. The new structure satisfies the area law in high dimensions remaining efficiently manipulatable and scalable. We benchmark this novel approach against paradigmatic two-dimensional spin models demonstrating unprecedented precision and system sizes. Finally, we compute the ground state phase diagram of two-dimensional lattice Rydberg atoms in optical tweezers observing non-trivial phases and quantum phase transitions, providing realistic benchmarks for current and future two-dimensional quantum simulations.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures
Kína az ötvenes évek magyar diafilmjein és a korabeli magyar népszerű sajtóban
Creators: name: Nagy, Mercédesz
name: Apatóczky, Ákos Bertalan
Publisher: name: Kőrösi Csoma Társaság
Year: 2020

description: Keletkutatás, 2020. ősz ISSN 0133-4778
Stability of Superflow for Ultracold Fermions in Optical Lattices
Creators: name: Burkov, A. A.
name: Paramekanti, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent observations of superfluidity of ultracold fermions in optical lattices, we investigate the stability of superfluid flow of paired fermions in the lowest band of a strong optical lattice. For fillings close to one fermion per site, we show that superflow breaks down via a dynamical instability leading to a transient density wave. At lower fillings, there is a distinct dynamical instability, where the superfluid stiffness becomes negative; this evolves, with increasing pairing interaction, from the fermion pair breaking instability to the well-known dynamical instability of lattice bosons. Our most interesting finding is the existence of a transition, over a range of fillings close to one fermion per site, from the fermion depairing instability to the density wave instability as the strength of the pairing interaction is increased.
description: 4+ pages, 2 figures
Effects of River Valley Segment Sequencing on Floodplain Hydroperiods
Creators: name: Panunto, Matthew
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biogeochemical cycles
Geographic Information System
Hydraulic model
Hydroperiod
Riparian Zone
Topographic analysis

description: River valleys rank among the most biophysically complex and species-rich ecosystems in any landscape.  Although local floodplain morphology is known to impact annual and event-specific hydroperiods, understanding of flood hydrology is typically based on model simulations that route catchment water contributions through hydraulic constraints imposed by local channels and valleys, and do not explicitly consider network context.  To investigate the impact of valley sequencing on floodplain hydroperiods, novel approaches were first developed in order to characterize the morphology of south-central Indiana's White River valley.  Utilizing this information, numerical simulations of both hypothetical hydraulic constraints and empirical characterizations of valley segments and flood hydrographs were developed.  Strong path-dependent effects were found demonstrating that the sequence in which rivers encounter different valley segment morphology can dramatically alter local water levels, leading to strong spatial and temporal variation in flooding risk, their intensity, and time of inundation for a given flood pulse. Because a systematic approach was developed for identifying strong variations in expected flood regime throughout the river valley, our findings have particular relevance for conservation and restoration efforts focused on river valley biodiversity and ecosystem services, including floodplain biogeochemistry and greenhouse gases production in riparian systems.
Thermal conductivity in the vicinity of the quantum critical endpoint in Sr3Ru2O7
Creators: name: Ronning, F.
name: Hill, R. W.
name: Sutherland, M.
name: Hawthorn, D. G.
name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Paglione, J.
name: Taillefer, Louis
name: Graf, M. J.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Maeno, Y.
name: Mackenzie, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal conductivity of Sr3Ru2O7 was measured down to 40 mK and at magnetic fields through the quantum critical endpoint at H_c = 7.85 T. A peak in the electrical resistivity as a function of field was mimicked by the thermal resistivity. In the limit as T -> 0 K we find that the Wiedemann-Franz law is satisfied to within 5% at all fields, implying that there is no breakdown of the electron despite the destruction of the Fermi liquid state at quantum criticality. A significant change in disorder (from $ρ_0$(H=0T) = 2.1 $μΩ$ cm to 0.5 $μΩ$ cm) does not influence our conclusions. At finite temperatures, the temperature dependence of the Lorenz number is consistent with ferromagnetic fluctuations causing the non-Fermi liquid behavior as one would expect at a metamagnetic quantum critical endpoint.
description: 4 figures, published in PRL