cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SimuQ: A Framework for Programming Quantum Hamiltonian Simulation with Analog Compilation
Creators: name: Peng, Yuxiang
name: Young, Jacob
name: Liu, Pengyu
name: Wu, Xiaodi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Hamiltonian simulation, which simulates the evolution of quantum systems and probes quantum phenomena, is one of the most promising applications of quantum computing. Recent experimental results suggest that Hamiltonian-oriented analog quantum simulation would be advantageous over circuit-oriented digital quantum simulation in the Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) machine era. However, programming analog quantum simulators is much more challenging due to the lack of a unified interface between hardware and software. In this paper, we design and implement SimuQ, the first framework for quantum Hamiltonian simulation that supports Hamiltonian programming and pulse-level compilation to heterogeneous analog quantum simulators. Specifically, in SimuQ, front-end users specify the target quantum system with Hamiltonian Modeling Language, and the Hamiltonian-level programmability of analog quantum simulators is specified through a new abstraction called the abstract analog instruction set (AAIS) and programmed in AAIS Specification Language by hardware providers. Through a solver-based compilation, SimuQ generates executable pulse schedules for real devices to simulate the evolution of desired quantum systems, which is demonstrated on superconducting (IBM), neutral-atom (QuEra), and trapped-ion (IonQ) quantum devices. Moreover, we demonstrate the advantages of exposing the Hamiltonian-level programmability of devices with native operations or interaction-based gates and establish a small benchmark of quantum simulation to evaluate SimuQ's compiler with the above analog quantum simulators.
description: 34 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables. Appears in POPL 2024. The code is available at https://github.com/PicksPeng/SimuQ. A website is available at https://pickspeng.github.io/SimuQ/
Desmaninae Thomas 1912
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae

description: Subfamily Desmaninae Thomas, 1912. Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 8,9:397. COMMENTS: Sometimes regarded as a separate family; see Barabasch-Nikiforow (1975). Hutchinson (1974) concluded that Desmaninae and Talpidae were separated since the Eocene. Reviewed by Rümke (1985).
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Rumke, C. G. 1985. A review of fossil and recent Desmaninae (Talpidae, Insectivora). Utrecht Micropaleontological Bulletins, Special Publication, 4: 1 - 241."]}
Additional file 1 of Identification of atypical mitogen-activated protein kinase MAPK4 as a novel regulator in acute lung injury
Creators: name: Mao, Ling
name: Zhou, Ya
name: Chen, Longqing
name: Hu, Lin
name: Liu, Shiming
name: Zheng, Wen
name: Zhao, Juanjuan
name: Guo, Mengmeng
name: Chen, Chao
name: He, Zhixu
name: Xu, Lin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Additional figures.
Gegossen für die Ewigkeit. Memoria und Memento Mori – 500 Jahre Nürnberger Friedhofskultur
Creators: name: Prummer, Markus
Publisher: name: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
Year: 2018

description: KulturGut : aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums, Nr. 59 (2018): KulturGut: aus der Forschung des Germanischen Nationalmuseums
The Role of Self-Torques in Transition Metal Dichalcogenide/Ferromagnet Bilayers
Creators: name: Hidding, Jan
name: Mërtiri, Klaiv
name: Mujid, Fauzia
name: Liang, Ce
name: Park, Jiwoong
name: Guimarães, Marcos H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have been extensively studied for their efficient spin-orbit torque generation in TMD/ferromagnetic bilayers, owing to their large spin-orbit coupling, variety in crystal symmetries, and pristine interfaces. Although the TMD layer was considered essential for the generation of the observed SOTs, recent reports show the presence of a self-torque in single-layer ferromagnetic devices with magnitudes comparable to TMD/ferromagnetic devices. Here, we perform second-harmonic Hall SOT measurements on metal-organic chemical vapor deposition (MOCVD) grown MoS$_{2}$/permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ devices and compare them to a single-layer permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ device to accurately disentangle the role of self-torques from contributions from the TMD layer. We report a damping-like self-torque conductivity of opposite sign in our single-layer permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ device compared to one MoS$_{2}$/permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ device, and find no significant one for all other MoS$_{2}$/permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ devices. This indicates a competition between the self-torque and the torque arising from the TMD layer, which would reduce the observed torque in these bilayers. In addition, we find a field-like spin-torque conductivity of comparable magnitude to control MoS$_{2}$/permalloy/Al$_{2}$O$_{3}$ devices, indicating only a minor role of the MoS$_{2}$ layer. Finally, we find a linear dependence of the SOT conductivity on the Hall bar leg/channel width ratio of our devices, indicating that the Hall bar dimensions are of significant importance for the reported SOT strength. Our results accentuate the importance of delicate details, like device asymmetry, Hall bar dimensions, and self-torque generation, for the correct disentanglement of the microscopic origins underlying the SOTs, essential for future energy-efficient spintronic applications.
Bericht über die Ausgrabungstätigkeit der Archäologischen Denkmalpflege in Niedersachsen im Jahre 1983
Creators: name: Fansa, Mamoun
name: Wilhelmi, Klemens
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 53 (1984): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
A Novel Feature Maps Covariance Minimization Approach for Advancing Convolutional Neural Network Performance
Creators: name: Basnet, Bikram
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2019

description: We present a method for boosting the performance of the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) by reducing the covariance between the feature maps of the convolutional layers.
In a CNN, the units of a hidden layer are segmented into the feature/activation maps. The units within a feature map share the weight matrix (filter), or in simple terms look for the same feature. A feature map is the output of one filter applied to the previous layer. CNN search for features such as straight lines, and as these features are spotted, they get reported to the feature map. During the learning process, the convolutional neural network defines what it perceives as important. Each feature map is looking for something else: one feature map could be looking for horizontal lines while the other for vertical lines or curves. Reducing the covariance between the feature maps of a convolutional layer maximizes the variance between the feature maps out of that layer. This supplements the decrement in the redundancy of the feature maps and consequently maximizes the information represented by the feature maps.
Factors Associated with Rapid Readmission Among Nevada State Pyschiatric Hospital Patients
Creators: name: Moore, Christopher Owen
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
Year: 2014

description: Rapid readmission (RR) of psychiatric patients within 30 days of discharge places a costly burden on state psychiatric facilities and may be an indicator of suboptimal service provision. Several studies have previously considered RR to inpatient facilities, but there is a lack of information available about the variables associated with RR of psychiatric patients to state-operated inpatient facilities in Nevada. This study attempts to identify factors associated with RR at a southern Nevada state psychiatric hospital. Participants included 7,177 patients admitted between May 1, 2012 and April 30, 2014. All 12,068 admissions, including 2,220 RR, were reviewed, and rapid readmits were compared to their counterparts who were not readmitted within 30 days in a multivariate model using logistic regression. Multinomial logistic regression was utilized to determine if risk factors varied based on the number of RR, and to ascertain whether or not previous length of stay (LOS) had an impact on time to readmission. Whenever possible, analyses were run separately including all admissions and each patient's first admission only.
Results from multiple logistic regression consistently demonstrated that those aged 35-44, never married, divorced, and living in a homeless shelter or other residential or institutional setting are at increased risk for RR; in contrast, females, persons not receiving social security disability, and those over 55 years of age were at reduced risk. Significant factors associated with RR also included a history of legal problems, medication noncompliance, lack of stable housing, and diagnosis with a psychotic or substance use disorder. Persons living in a homeless shelter and having a history of legal issues were more likely to be in the group most often rapidly readmitted (four or more times), and those that did not receive social security disability were less likely to be included in this high risk group. Previous LOS did not contribute significantly in multivariate modelling of time to readmission.
Nevada currently suffers from budget cuts in mental health care spending, which were a result of the recent economic crisis, and a severe lack of bed space in southern Nevada. This study demonstrates that it may be possible to reduce rates of costly RR by focusing on those with a history of rapid readmission and modifiable factors including social and financial supports and housing.
title: Estimating medieval market integration
title: evidence from exchange rates
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Volckart, Oliver
name: Wolf, Nikolaus
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: In this paper we present a new method for estimating market integration under a commodity money system such as that which existed in Europe until the demise of the gold standard. The approach is based on the analysis of deviations between exchange rates and parity, which under conditions of a perfectly functioning and fully integrated market should not exceed the bullion points. Consequently the time needed for adjustment, following a violation of the bullion points, can be used as an indicator of market imperfections and as a measure of integration. We apply this approach to trade between late medieval Flanders, Lübeck and Prussia, our results showing that Flanders- Lübeck constituted a much better-integrated market than Flanders-Prussia. Moreover, the results indicate that the degree of market integration increased between the early fourteenth and the middle of the fifteenth century.
Erosion yields of carbon under various plasma conditions in Pilot-PSI
Creators: name: Bystrov, K.
name: Westerhout, J.
name: Matveeva, M.
name: Litnovsky, A.
name: Marot, L.
name: Zoethout, E.
name: De Temmerman, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fine-grain graphite targets have been exposed to ITER divertor relevant plasmas in Pilot-PSI to address material migration issues in fusion devices. Optical emission spectroscopy and mass loss measurements have been employed to quantify gross chemical erosion and net erosion yields, respectively. Effects of the ion impact energy and target geometry on carbon erosion yields have been studied. It is concluded that temporal evolution of gross chemical erosion is strongly connected with changes in morphology of plasma exposed surfaces. The net carbon erosion yield is increased when the targets are partly covered by insulating boron-nitride rings.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, Contribution to the 19th International Conference on Plasma Surface Interactions
Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access Enhanced Multi-User Semantic Communication
Creators: name: Li, Weizhi
name: Liang, Haotai
name: Dong, Chen
name: Xu, Xiaodong
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Liu, Kaijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semantic communication serves as a novel paradigm and attracts the broad interest of researchers. One critical aspect of it is the multi-user semantic communication theory, which can further promote its application to the practical network environment. While most existing works focused on the design of end-to-end single-user semantic transmission, a novel non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)-based multi-user semantic communication system named NOMASC is proposed in this paper. The proposed system can support semantic tranmission of multiple users with diverse modalities of source information. To avoid high demand for hardware, an asymmetric quantizer is employed at the end of the semantic encoder for discretizing the continuous full-resolution semantic feature. In addition, a neural network model is proposed for mapping the discrete feature into self-learned symbols and accomplishing intelligent multi-user detection (MUD) at the receiver. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed system holds good performance in non-orthogonal transmission of multiple user signals and outperforms the other methods, especially at low-to-medium SNRs. Moreover, it has high robustness under various simulation settings and mismatched test scenarios.
description: accepted by IEEE Transactions on Cognitive Communications and Networking
New derivation of the Lagrangian of a perfect fluid with a barotropic equation of state
Creators: name: Minazzoli, Olivier
name: Harko, Tiberiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a simple proof that when the particle number is conserved, the Lagrangian of a barotropic perfect fluid is $\mathcal{L}_m=-ρ[c^2 +\int P(ρ)/ρ^2 dρ]$, where $ρ$ is the \textit{rest mass} density and $P(ρ)$ is the pressure. To prove this result nor additional fields neither Lagrange multipliers are needed. Besides, the result is applicable to a wide range of theories of gravitation. The only assumptions used in the derivation are: 1) the matter part of the Lagrangian does not depend on the derivatives of the metric, and 2) the particle number of the fluid is conserved ($\nabla_σ(ρu^σ)=0$).
John Vincent Stanley Megaw und M. Ruth Megaw, The Basse-Yutz Find. Masterpieces of Celtic Art.
Creators: name: Szabó, Miklós
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: Rezension zu: John Vincent Stanley Megaw und M. Ruth Megaw, The Basse-Yutz Find. Masterpieces of Celtic Art. The 1927 Discovery in the British Museum. Reports of the Research Committee of the Society of Antiquaries of London, Band 46. Thames and Hudson, London 1990. XXIII, 99 Seiten, 25 Textabbildungen,
40 Tafeln.
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 194.1994: Bonner Jahrbücher
Quantum estimation and remote charge sensing with a hole-spin qubit in silicon
Creators: name: Forghieri, Gaia
name: Secchi, Andrea
name: Bertoni, Andrea
name: Bordone, Paolo
name: Troiani, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hole-spin qubits in semiconductors represent a mature platform for quantum technological applications. Here we consider their use as quantum sensors, and specifically for inferring the presence and estimating the distance from the qubit of a remote charge. Different approaches are considered - based on the use of single or double quantum dots, ground and out-of-equilibrium states, Rabi and Ramsey measurements - and comparatively analyzed by means of the discrimination probability, and of the classical and quantum Fisher information. Detailed quantitative aspects result from the multiband character of the hole states, which we account for by means of the Luttinger-Kohn Hamiltonian. Furthermore, general conclusions can be drawn on the relative efficiency of the above options, and analytical expressions are derived for the Fisher information of a generic qubit within the Rabi and Ramsey schemes.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures
Finite Theories after the discovery of a Higgs-like boson at the LHC
Creators: name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Mondragon, M.
name: Zoupanos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Finite Unified Theories (FUTs) are N = 1 supersymmetric Grand Unified Theories (GUTs) which can be made finite to all-loop orders, based on the principle of reduction of couplings, and therefore are provided with a large predictive power. Confronting the predictions of SU(5) FUTs with the top and bottom quark masses and other low-energy experimental constraints a light Higgs-boson mass in the range M_h ~ 121-126 GeV was predicted, in striking agreement with the recent discovery of a Higgs-like state around ~ 125.7 GeV at ATLAS and CMS. Furthermore the favoured model, a finiteness constrained version of the MSSM, naturally predicts a relatively heavy spectrum with coloured supersymmetric particles above ~ 1.5 TeV, consistent with the non-observation of those particles at the LHC. Restricting further the best FUT's parameter space according to the discovery of a Higgs-like state and B-physics observables we find predictions for the rest of the Higgs masses and the s-spectrum.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0712.3630
Ein spätmittelalterlicher Brunnen in der Duisburger Niederstraße
Creators: name: Meurers-Balke, Jutta
name: Knörzer, Karl-Heinz
name: Glasmacher, Hans-Arnold
name: Berke, Hubert
name: Gerlach, Renate
name: Tegtmeier, Ursula
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 199.1999(2002): Bonner Jahrbücher
Low Energy Tests of Lorentz and CPT Violation
Creators: name: Colladay, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview of the theoretical framework of the Standard Model Extension (SME) that allows for a parametrization of Lorentz and CPT violating effects using effective field theory will be presented. A review of current bounds on these Lorentz violating parameters using various low-energy tests will be reviewed. State-of-the-art measurements involving the Penning Trap, atomic clock, torsion pendulum, and resonant cavities will be discussed. Different experiments can provide stringent bounds on a variety of parameters coupled to various fundamental particles including electrons, protons, neutrons, and photons.
description: 5 pages, conference proceedings for CIPANP2012, St. Petersburg, FL, June, 2012
The Red Supergiant Progenitor of Supernova 2012aw (PTF12bvh) in Messier 95
Creators: name: Van Dyk, Schuyler D.
name: Cenko, S. Bradley
name: Poznanski, Dovi
name: Arcavi, Iair
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Silverio, Kathryn
name: Stockton, Alan
name: Cuillandre, Jean-Charles
name: Marcy, Geoffrey W.
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Isaacson, Howard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the direct detection and characterization of the probable red supergiant progenitor of the intermediate-luminosity Type II-Plateau (II-P) supernova (SN) 2012aw in the nearby (10.0 Mpc) spiral galaxy Messier 95 (M95; NGC 3351). We have identified the star in both Hubble Space Telescope images of the host galaxy, obtained 17-18 yr prior to the explosion, and near-infrared ground-based images, obtained 6-12 yr prior to the SN. The luminous supergiant showed evidence for substantial circumstellar dust, manifested as excess line-of-sight extinction. The effective total-to-selective ratio of extinction to the star was R'_V \approx 4.35, which is significantly different from that of diffuse interstellar dust (i.e., R_V=3.1), and the total extinction to the star was therefore, on average, A_V \approx 3.1 mag. We find that the observed spectral energy distribution for the progenitor star is consistent with an effective temperature of 3600 K (spectral type M3), and that the star therefore had a bolometric magnitude of -8.29. Through comparison with recent theoretical massive-star evolutionary tracks we can infer that the red supergiant progenitor had an initial mass 15 \lesssim M_{ini} (M_sun) < 20. Interpolating by eye between the available tracks, we surmise that the star had initial mass ~17-18 M_sun. The circumstellar dust around the progenitor must have been destroyed in the explosion, as the visual extinction to the SN is found to be low (A_V=0.24 mag with R_V=3.1).
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, to appear in ApJ
Desmana Guldenstaedt 1777
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae
Desmana

description: Desmana Güldenstaedt, 1777. Beschaff. Berliner Ges. Naturforsch. Fr., 3:108. TYPE SPECIES: Castor moschatus Linnaeus, 1758.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
description: {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp."]}
Additional file 1 of ‘I can feel myself coming out of the rut’: a brief intervention for supporting behaviour change is acceptable to patients with chronic musculoskeletal conditions
Creators: name: Parchment, Amelia
name: Lawrence, Wendy
name: Rahman, Em
name: Townsend, Nick
name: Wainwright, Elaine
name: Wainwright, David
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional fie 1: Supplementary file 1. Semi-structured interview guide.
Out-of-time-ordered correlator in the one-dimensional Kuramoto-Sivashinsky and Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equations
Creators: name: Roy, Dipankar
name: Huse, David A.
name: Kulkarni, Manas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The out-of-time-ordered correlator (OTOC) has emerged as an interesting object in both classical and quantum systems for probing the spatial spread and temporal growth of initially local perturbations in spatially extended chaotic systems. Here, we study the (classical) OTOC and its ``light-cone'' in the nonlinear Kuramoto-Sivashinsky (KS) equation, using extensive numerical simulations. We also show that the linearized KS equation exhibits a qualitatively similar OTOC and light-cone, which can be understood via a saddle-point analysis of the linearly unstable modes. Given the deep connection between the KS (deterministic) and the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ which is stochastic) equations, we also explore the OTOC in the KPZ equation. While our numerical results in the KS case are expected to hold in the continuum limit, for the KPZ case it is valid in a discretized version of the KPZ equation. More broadly, our work unravels the intrinsic interplay between noise/instability, nonlinearity and dissipation in partial differential equations (deterministic or stochastic) through the lens of OTOC.
description: 8 pages (including supplemental material), 5 figures, updated
Anmerkungen zum Aufsatz „Über den militärischen Nutzen von frühen Schießscharten im deutschen Burgenbau“ von Rüdiger Bernges (mit einer Einleitung von Joachim Zeune). In: Burgen und Schlösser 1/2011, S. 22–37
Creators: name: Ulrich, Stefan
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 52, Nr. 2 (2011): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Zipf zipped
Creators: name: Nitsch, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Zipf’s law
subject: size distribution of cities
subject: rank size rule
subject: meta-analysis
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: In this paper, I provide a quantitative review of the empirical literature on Zipf’s law for cities; the meta-analysis combines 515 estimates from 29 studies. I find that the combined estimate of the Zipf coefficient is significantly larger than 1.0. This finding implies that cities are on average more evenly distributed than suggested by (a strict interpretation of) Zipf’s law. I also identify several features that account for differences across the individual point estimates.
Monte Carlo design studies for the Cherenkov Telescope Array
Creators: name: Bernlöhr, K.
name: Barnacka, A.
name: Becherini, Y.
name: Bigas, O. Blanch
name: Carmona, E.
name: Colin, P.
name: Decerprit, G.
name: Di Pierro, F.
name: Dubois, F.
name: Farnier, C.
name: Funk, S.
name: Hermann, G.
name: Hinton, J. A.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Khélifi, B.
name: Kihm, T.
name: Komin, N.
name: Lenain, J. -P.
name: Maier, G.
name: Mazin, D.
name: Medina, M. C.
name: Moralejo, A.
name: Nolan, S. J.
name: Ohm, S.
name: Wilhelmi, E. de Oña
name: Parsons, R. D.
name: Arribas, M. Paz
name: Pedaletti, G.
name: Pita, S.
name: Prokoph, H.
name: Rulten, C. B.
name: Schwanke, U.
name: Shayduk, M.
name: Stamatescu, V.
name: Vallania, P.
name: Vorobiov, S.
name: Wischnewski, R.
name: Yoshikoshi, T.
name: Zech, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cherenkov Telescopes Array (CTA) is planned as the future instrument for very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-ray astronomy with a wide energy range of four orders of magnitude and an improvement in sensitivity compared to current instruments of about an order of magnitude. Monte Carlo simulations are a crucial tool in the design of CTA. The ultimate goal of these simulations is to find the most cost-effective solution for given physics goals and thus sensitivity goals or to find, for a given cost, the solution best suited for different types of targets with CTA. Apart from uncertain component cost estimates, the main problem in this procedure is the dependence on a huge number of configuration parameters, both in specifications of individual telescope types and in the array layout. This is addressed by simulation of a huge array intended as a superset of many different realistic array layouts, and also by simulation of array subsets for different telescope parameters. Different analysis methods -- in use with current installations and extended (or developed specifically) for CTA -- are applied to the simulated data sets for deriving the expected sensitivity of CTA. In this paper we describe the current status of this iterative approach to optimize the CTA design and layout.
description: 61 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in Astroparticle Physics
Strain-Induced Spin States in Atomically Ordered Cobaltites
Creators: name: Choi, Woo Seok
name: Kwon, Ji-Hwan
name: Jeen, Hyoungjeen
name: Hamann-Borrero, Jorge E.
name: Radi, Abdullah
name: Macke, Sebastian
name: Sutarto, Ronny
name: He, Feizhou
name: Sawatzky, George A.
name: Hinkov, Vladimir
name: Kim, Miyoung
name: Lee, Ho Nyung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial strain imposed in complex oxide thin films by heteroepitaxy is recognized as a powerful tool for identifying new properties and exploring the vast potential of materials performance. A particular example is LaCoO3, a zero spin, nonmagnetic material in the bulk, whose strong ferromagnetism in a thin film remains enigmatic despite a decade of intense research. Here, we use scanning transmission electron microscopy complemented by X-ray and optical spectroscopy to study LaCoO3 epitaxial thin films under different strain states. We observed an unconventional strain relaxation behavior resulting in stripe-like, lattice modulated patterns, which did not involve uncontrolled misfit dislocations or other defects. The modulation entails the formation of ferromagnetically ordered sheets comprising intermediate or high spin Co3+, thus offering an unambiguous description for the exotic magnetism found in epitaxially strained LaCoO3 films. This observation provides a novel route to tailoring the electronic and magnetic properties of functional oxide heterostructures.
description: 19 pages, 6 figures, including Supporting Information; Nano Letters published online (2012)
title: One country, one vote?
title: Labor market structure and voting rights in the ECB
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Berger, Helge
name: Hefeker, Carsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: monetary policy
subject: wage setting
subject: European Monetary Union
subject: European Central Bank
subject: euro area
subject: ECB reform
subject: EMU enlargement
subject: accession countries
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: The pending enlargement of the European Monetary Union (EMU) has brought to the fore the discussion of the voting right distribution in the European Central Bank (ECB) council. We show that, in a model where labor unions internalize the inflationary consequences of wage setting, deviating from a voting scheme based purely on economic size can be beneficial. Preliminary evidence on unemployment and voting rights in the ECB council seems broadly in line with this idea. We also point to possible policy implications for EMU enlargement and ECB restructuring.
Fast and accurate collapse-time predictions for collisionless matter
Creators: name: Rampf, Cornelius
name: Saga, Shohei
name: Taruya, Atsushi
name: Colombi, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the gravitational collapse of collisionless matter seeded by three crossed sine waves with various amplitudes, also in the presence of a linear external tidal field. We explore two theoretical methods that are more efficient than standard Lagrangian perturbation theory (LPT) for resolving shell-crossings, the crossing of particle trajectories. One of the methods completes the truncated LPT series for the displacement field far into the UV regime, thereby exponentially accelerating its convergence while at the same time removing pathological behavior of LPT observed in void regions. The other method exploits normal-form techniques known from catastrophe theory, which amounts here to replacing the sine-wave initial data by its second-order Taylor expansion in space at shell-crossing location. This replacement leads to a speed-up in determining the displacement field by several orders of magnitudes, while still achieving permille-level accuracy in the prediction of the shell-crossing time. The two methods can be used independently, but the overall best performance is achieved when combining them. Lastly, we find accurate formulas for the nonlinear density and for the triaxial evolution of the fluid in the fundamental coordinate system, as well as report a newly established correspondence between perfectly symmetric sine-wave collapse and spherical collapse.
description: 31 pages, 24 figures, v3: added clarifications, matches published version at PRD
Rise and fall of entanglement between two qubits in a non-Markovian bath
Creators: name: Roy, Sayan
name: Otto, Christian
name: Menu, Raphaël
name: Morigi, Giovanna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the dynamics of quantum correlations between two qubits coupled to a linear chain of oscillators. The chain mediates interactions between the qubits and acts as a non-Markovian reservoir. The the model is amenable to an analytical solution when the initial state of the chain is Gaussian}. We study the dynamics of the qubits concurrence starting from a separable state and assuming that the chain spectrum is gapped {and the chain is initially in a thermal state. We identify three relevant regimes that depend on the strength of the qubit-chain coupling in relation to the spectral gap. These are (i) the weak coupling regime, where the qubits are entangled at the asymptotics; (ii) the strong coupling regime, where the concurrence can exhibit collapses followed by revivals with exponentially attenuated amplitude; and (iii) the thermal damping regime, where the concurrence rapidly vanishes due to the chain's thermal excitations. In all cases, if entanglement is generated, this occurs after a finite time has elapsed. This time scale depends exponentially on the qubits distance and is determined by the spectral properties of the chain. Entanglement irreversible decay, on the other hand, is due to the dissipative effect induced by the coupling with the chain and is controlled by the coupling strength between the chain and qubits. This study unravels the basic mechanisms leading to entanglement in a non-Markovian bath and allows to identify the key resources for realising quantum coherent dynamics of open systems.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. A
MPEC 2024-C51 : 2024 CQ
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 CQ

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Fractional Hardy inequalities and visibility of the boundary
Creators: name: Ihnatsyeva, Lizaveta
name: Lehrbäck, Juha
name: Tuominen, Heli
name: Vähäkangas, Antti V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46E35 (26D15)

description: We prove fractional order Hardy inequalities on open sets under a combined fatness and visibility condition on the boundary. We demonstrate by counterexamples that fatness conditions alone are not sufficient for such Hardy inequalities to hold. In addition, we give a short exposition of various fatness conditions related to our main result, and apply fractional Hardy inequalities in connection to the boundedness of extension operators for fractional Sobolev spaces.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures. Minor revisions to the previous version. To be published in Studia Math
Convergence of the self-dual Ginzburg-Landau gradient flow
Creators: name: Demoulini, Sophia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J35, 35Q56

description: We prove convergence of the gradient flow of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional on a Riemann surface in the self-dual Bogomolny case, in Coulomb gauge. The proof is direct and makes use of the associated nonlinear first order differential operators (the Bogomolny operators). One aim is to illustrate that the Bogomolny structure, which is known to be of great utility in the static elliptic case, can also be used effectively in evolution problems. We also identify the minimizers and minimum value of the energy when the Bogomolny bound is not achieved (below the Bradlow limit).
description: 15 pages
Finite field elements of high order arising from modular curves
Creators: name: Burkhart, Jessica F.
name: Calkin, Neil J.
name: Gao, Shuhong
name: Hyde-Volpe, Justine C.
name: James, Kevin
name: Maharaj, Hiren
name: Manber, Shelly
name: Ruiz, Jared
name: Smith, Ethan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we recursively construct explicit elements of provably high order in finite fields. We do this using the recursive formulas developed by Elkies to describe explicit modular towers. In particular, we give two explicit constructions based on two examples of his formulas and demonstrate that the resulting elements have high order. Between the two constructions, we are able to generate high order elements in every characteristic. Despite the use of the modular recursions of Elkies, our methods are quite elementary and require no knowledge of modular curves. We compare our results to a recent result of Voloch. In order to do this, we state and prove a slightly more refined version of a special case of his result.
description: Preprint of an old paper
title: Cognitive Motor Interference in Adults with LCVA and Typical Comparison Peers Under Single- and Dual-task Conditions
Creators: name: Knapstad, Shandra
Publisher: name: Western Washington University
Year: 2016

description:
The present study aimed to determine if type of cognitive task (i.e., language vs. tone processing; single- vs. dual-task) influences cognitive-motor interference (CMI), in individuals with LCVA.

Design: Between group, cross-sectional, cohort study measured gait speed and cognitive performance (i.e., RT and accuracy) during single- and dual-task conditions.

Participants: Population-based, volunteer sample:4 adults with LCVA, 4 healthy, age-matched adults, and 4 healthy, young-adults. LCVA participants were a minimum of 6 months post-stroke. Healthy, age-matched individuals were matched to LCVA participants for age (+/- 10 years), education level, and gender. Young, healthy adults aged 18-25 years served as the control group. All participants were fluent in English, reported good hearing/vision, and no neurological impairment.

Outcome Measures: Measures of gait speed (m/s), accuracy, and RT on walking and cognitive tasks were recorded. Neuropsychological test scores were compared to performance on dual-tasks.

Conclusions: Results have implications for treating individuals with LCVA and communication disorders. Performance of LCVA under single- and dual- task conditions demonstrate the importance of not only treating individuals while they are performing a single task, but also under dual-task conditions to ensure gait safety. Gait speed, however does not appear to be impacted when completing the cognitive-linguistic tasks used in the current study, perhaps due to the lack of sensitivity in the outcome measure used in data collection for motor performance.Additional research should be conducted to confirm results due to the inconsistency in current findings when compared to previous research. Furthermore, future research should focus on collecting outcome measures for both motor and cognitive tasks using technology and cognitive tasks that have previously indicated group differences between stroke and typical comparison peers.
On Hadamard's global inverse function theorem (On global inversion of homogeneous maps)
Creators: name: Ruzhansky, Michael
name: Sugimoto, Mitsuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 26B10, Secondary 26B05, 26-01

description: Hadamard's global inverse theorem provides conditions for a function to be globally invertible on Rn. In this note we show that the conditions are robust enough for the conclusion to hold even if we relax the conditions by removing the assumption at a finite number of points. As a consequence, we get a global inverse function theorem for homogeneous functions.
description: revised presentation; corrections; a slightly changed title
Search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles in the full LHC Run 2 $pp$ collision data at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV using the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for heavy long-lived multi-charged particles is performed using the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Data collected in 2015-2018 at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV from $pp$ collisions corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ are examined. Particles producing anomalously high ionization, consistent with long-lived spin-1/2 massive particles with electric charges from $|q|=2e$ to $|q|=7e$ are searched for. No statistically significant evidence of such particles is observed, and 95% confidence level cross-section upper limits are calculated and interpreted as the lower mass limits for a Drell-Yan plus photon-fusion production mode. The least stringent limit, 1060 GeV, is obtained for $|q|=2e$ particles, and the most stringent one, 1600 GeV, is for $|q|=6e$ particles.
description: 39 pages in total, author list starting page 22, 9 figures, 5 tables, published in PLB. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/EXOT-2018-54/
title: Does foreign direct investment transfer technology across borders?
title: A reexamination
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Bitzer, Jürgen
name: Kerekes, Monika
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: foreign direct investment
subject: knowledge spillovers
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: Reexamining foreign direct investment (FDI) as a potential channel for knowledge diffusion - based on industry data from seventeen OECD countries during the period 1973-2000 - we find that FDI-receiving countries benefit strongly from FDI-related knowledge spillovers. We do not find evidence for positive FDI-related technology sourcing effects. Instead, our results suggest that outward FDI might have negative effects on the output of the FDI- sending country.
Currency union entries and trade
Creators: name: Nitsch, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: accession
subject: adoption
subject: common currency
subject: monetary integration
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: Recent research suggests that adopting a common currency increases bilateral trade. In this paper, I explore experiences of currency union entry in the post-war period and find no effect on trade. Previous results derived from a large panel data set (covering more than 200 countries from 1948 through 1997) appear to depend crucially on the assumption of symmetry between currency union exits and entries: While countries leaving a currency union experience significant declines in trade, currency union entry appears to have no measurable effect on trade. Also, in a detailed analysis of the enlargement of the CFA franc zone, I find no consistent results on changes in the pattern of trade.
Desmana moschata
Creators: name: Hutterer, Rainer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Insectivora
Talpidae
Desmana
Desmana moschata

description: Desmana moschata (Linnaeus, 1758). Syst. Nat., 10th ed., 1:59. TYPE LOCALITY: "Habitat in Russiae aquosis." DISTRIBUTION: Republics of the former USSR; Don, Volga, and S. Ural rivers and their tributaries; introduced into Tachan and Tartas rivers (Ob basin) and Dnepr River. STATUS: IUCN - Vulnerable.
description: Published as part of Rainer Hutterer, 1993, Order Insectivora, pp. 69-130 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353085
title: Zooming out
title: the trade effect of the EURO in historical perspective
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Berger, Helge
name: Nitsch, Volker
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: monetary union
subject: currency
subject: euro
subject: trade
subject: European integration
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::330 Wirtschaft

description: In 1999, eleven European countries formed the Economic and Monetary Union (EMU); they abandoned their national currencies and adopted a new common currency, the euro. Several recent papers argue that the introduction of the euro has led (by itself) to a sizable and statistically significant increase in trade between the member countries of EMU. In this paper, we put the trade effect of the euro in historical perspective. We argue that the creation of the EMU was a continuation (or culmination) of a series of previous policy changes that have ledover the last five decades to greater economic integration among the countries that now constitute EMU. Using a data set that includes 22 industrial countries from 1948 to 2003, we find strong evidence of a gradual increase in trade intensity between European countries. Once we control for this trend in trade integration, the euro’s impact on trade disappears. Moreover, a significant part of the trend in European trade integration is explained by measurable policy changes.