cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The effects of a client's political connections on auditors' judgements
Creators: name: Md Jidin, Mohd Radzi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: HD61.M35 2011
subject: Risk management Political aspects
subject: Auditing

description: This thesis investigates the effects of a client's political connections on auditors' assessments of business risk, fraud risk and error risk, required audit effort and recommended audit fee in an experimental setting. Using a 1 x 3 between subjects design, political connections is manipulated at three levels: (1) ruling party connections; (2) opposition party connections; and (3) no political connections. A sample of auditors was presented with experimental case materials containing one of the three treatments and additional background information about an audit client. After the auditors read the case materials, they made an assessment of the client's business risk, listed the factors that increased and decreased their assessment of the client's business risk, assessed the client's fraud risk and error risk and made a judgement of the amount of audit effort required and indicated the audit fee they would recommend that the client be charged. The results indicate that auditors in the ruling party connections group are more likely to list political connections as a factor that decreases a client's business risk, while auditors in the opposition party connections group are more likely to list political connections as a factor that increases a client's business risk. Auditors' assessments of business risk are higher for a client with ruling party or opposition party connections compared to a client with no political connections. There is no significant difference in the business risk assessments of the ruling party and opposition party connections groups. Average fraud risk assessments are higher for a client with ruling party or opposition party connections compared to a client with no political connections but not significantly different between a client with ruling party connections and one with opposition party connections. Error risk assessments are higher for a client with ruling party connections than for a client with opposition party connections or no political connections. Clients with ruling party connections are allocated higher levels of required audit effort and higher audit fees are recommended compared to a client with opposition party connections or no political connections. The assessments of the audit effort required are higher for a client with opposition party connections compared to a client with no political connections. However, there is no significant difference in the average recommended audit fee for a client with opposition party connections or no political connections.
Neutrino Physics: Where Do We Stand, and Where Are We Going? -- The Theoretical-Phenomenological Perspective
Creators: name: Kayser, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discoveries and open questions in neutrino physics, as reported at Neutrino 2002 and more recently, are reviewed from a theoretical perspective.
description: Published in the Neutrino 2002 Proceedings. LaTeX, 13 pages, 3 eps figures, uses espcrc2 package
An Estimate of the Vibrational Frequencies of Spherical Virus Particles
Creators: name: Ford, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possible normal modes of vibration of a nearly spherical virus particle are discussed. Two simple models for the particle are treated, a liquid drop model and an elastic sphere model. Some estimates for the lowest vibrational frequency are given for each model. It is concluded that this frequency is likely to be of the order of a few GHz for particles with a radius of the order of 50 nm.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Introducing da|ra SearchNet: the integrated data portal for the social sciences
Creators: name: Friedrich, Tanya
name: Hausstein, Brigitte
name: Hienert, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: Data Sharing is largely dependent on infrastructure that facilitates search for and retrieval of research data. Currently, however, the landscape of data repositories and metadata services is uneven and incoherent even within disciplinary boundaries. In our project da|raSearchNet we address this problem for the case of the social sciences by designing and implementing an integrated search infrastructure that aims at fostering data sharing within the discipline. We build on the outcomes of the completed project "da|ra – development of a registration agency for social science data" that already integrates metadata from nearly 20.000 data files and other resources from more than 30 data providers in one database and search application. We are planning to extend this service by automizing our existent metadata recording workflows and by incorporating even more metadata from large comparative survey programmes, from data archives around the world, from qualitative data providers, and other relevant players. Our goal is to establish da|raSearchNet as a comprehensive, easy-to-use metadata store for secondary researchers. In our presentation we describe in detail how we will approach this task in terms of international networking and cooperation, metadata standardization, and search engine technology.
EFFECT OF ROUGHNESS OF DISCONTINUITIES UNDER FLUID INJECTION
Creators: name: Casagrande, CAMILO JOSE
name: Sánchez, Martin
name: Piqué, Teresa María
name: Manzanal, Diego Guillermo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Geological CO2 storage is today a potential and developing technology for the energy transitionand sustainability. In that context the caprock integrity of a reservoir is one of the key concernsfor the environmental development of CO2 geological storage. One of the most importantpotential pathways of leakage of CO2 in a reservoir is through the activation, reactivation orsliding of the discontinuities and the potential aperture in the caprock.There are many definitions of discontinuities in literature but above all the discontinuities can beseen as a weak plane or surface between two blocks of rock. It is crucial to understand their truebehavior for better analysis, especially in underground applications such as geological CO2storage. The mechanical behavior of discontinuities is usually affected by many differentparameters such as the roughness, the fluid, backfilling, scales, etc. Traditionally, direct sheartesting has been conducted to study discontinuity behavior. But, in the traditional direct sheartest, it is impossible to inject fluid in the discontinuities. In this study, a series of triaxial directshear tests were carried out on several samples, this test allows us to make a shear test in thetriaxial chamber with the possibilities of injecting pressure or fluid into the discontinuities in acontrolled way, while measurements the shear displacement, normal displacement, shear andnormal stress.Cement mortar was used as an artificial rock to make samples of discontinuities with differentroughness. The roughness used was a saw-cut and polished surface and a surface generated byshear. The surface morphology was previously scanned, and his roughness parameterdetermined. The test conditions were defined from a low normal stress of 0.5 MPa to the highestof 7 MPa.The experimental results were analyzed using the failure criterion of Coulomb, Barton (1977),Tatone and Grasselli (2009) and Zhang et al. (2016). It was concluded that the shear behavior ofrock discontinuities is well predicted by all failure criteria. In this work, we try to enlighten thereal behavior of discontinuities, not only during shear but instead during the fluid injection anddiscontinuities reactivation by fluid injection and its potential re-aperture. In order to analyze thefluid injection effect, we also perform a fluid injection test on the discontinuity samples lookingfor the reactivation. The results of the fluid pressure that causes the reactivation was comparedwith the theoretical fluid pressure using the previous behavior. Stress paths were also used todescribe the phenomenon and try to determine the effect of roughness under fluid injection. Weconclude that the effect of roughness on the mechanical behavior of discontinuities under fluidinjection is underestimated and could be enhanced.
Current sheet alignment in oblique black hole magnetospheres -- a black hole pulsar?
Creators: name: Selvi, Sebastiaan
name: Porth, Oliver
name: Ripperda, Bart
name: Sironi, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetospheric evolution of a non-accreting spinning black hole (BH) with an initially inclined split monopole magnetic field by means of three-dimensional general relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations. This serves as a model for a neutron star (NS) collapse or a BH-NS merger remnant after the inherited magnetosphere has settled into a split monopole field creating a striped wind. We show that the initially inclined split monopolar current sheet aligns over time with the BH equatorial plane. The inclination angle evolves exponentially towards alignment, with an alignment timescale that is inversely proportional to the square of the BH angular velocity, where higher spin results in faster alignment. Furthermore, magnetic reconnection in the current sheet leads to exponential decay of event horizon penetrating magnetic flux with nearly the same timescale for all considered BH spins. In addition, we present relations for the BH mass and spin in terms of the period and alignment timescale of the striped wind. The explored scenario of a rotating, aligning and reconnecting current sheet can potentially lead to multimessenger electromagnetic counterparts to a gravitational wave event due to the acceleration of particles powering high-energy radiation, plasmoid mergers resulting in coherent radio signals, and pulsating emission due to the initial misalignment of the BH magnetosphere.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Chemical Properties of the Local Galactic Disk and Halo. I. Fundamental Properties of 1,544 Nearby, High Proper-Motion M dwarfs and subdwarfs
Creators: name: Hejazi, Neda
name: Lepine, Sebastien
name: Homeier, Derek
name: Rich, R. Michael
name: Shara, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large numbers of low-to-medium resolution spectra of M-type dwarf stars from both the local Galactic disk and halo are available from various surveys. In order to fully exploit these data, we develop a template-fit method using a set of empirically assembled M dwarf/subdwarf classification templates, based on the measurements of the TiO and CaH molecular bands, to classify M dwarfs/subdwarfs by spectral type and metallicity class. We further present a pipeline to automatically determine the effective temperature, metallicity ([M/H]), alpha-element to iron abundance ratio ([alpha/Fe]), and surface gravity of M dwarfs/subdwarfs using the latest version of BT-Settl model atmospheres. We apply these methods to a set of low-to-medium resolution optical spectra of 1,544 high proper-motion (> 0.4"/yr) M dwarfs/subdwarfs. Our metallicity estimates appear to be consistent with the expected color-magnitude variation of stars relative to atmospheric composition, as our sample shows a clear stratification with respect to metallicity in the Gaia H-R diagram. Furthermore, the measured chemical parameters of the two components in 48 binary systems are in a good agreement with each other, which suggest a precision of 0.22 dex in [M/H], 0.08 dex in [alpha/Fe], and 0.16 dex in the combined index [alpha/Fe]+[M/H]. There is also a good consistency between metallicity class, obtained from the empirical classification templates, and the index [alpha/Fe]+[M/H] (~ [alpha/H]), obtained from model-fitting, which means that the more easily measured metallicity class can be used as a relatively reliable indicator of absolute alpha-element abundance, [alpha/H], in low-mass stars. Finally, we examine the distribution of our stars in the [alpha/Fe] vs. [M/H] diagram, which shows evidence of clustering in chemical abundance makeup, suggestive of discrete populations among the local disk and halo stars.
description: 53 pages, 43 figures, 10 tables, accepted for publication in AJ
On the developability of subalgebroids
Creators: name: Moerdijk, I.
name: Mrcun, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22A22; 22E60; 58H05

description: In this paper, the Almeida-Molino obstruction to developability of transversely complete foliations is extended to Lie groupoids.
Accurate Measurement of the Electron Antineutrino Yield of U-235 Fissions from the STEREO Experiment with 119 Days of Reactor-On Data
Creators: name: STEREO Collaboration
name: Almazán, H.
name: Bernard, L.
name: Blanchet, A.
name: Bonhomme, A.
name: Buck, C.
name: Sanchez, P. del Amo
name: Atmani, I. El
name: Haser, J.
name: Labit, L.
name: Lamblin, J.
name: Letourneau, A.
name: Lhuillier, D.
name: Licciardi, M.
name: Lindner, M.
name: Materna, T.
name: Minotti, A.
name: Onillon, A.
name: Pessard, H.
name: Réal, J. -S.
name: Roca, C.
name: Rogly, R.
name: Salagnac, T.
name: Savu, V.
name: Schoppmann, S.
name: Sergeyeva, V.
name: Soldner, T.
name: Stutz, A.
name: Vialat, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the antineutrino rate from the fission of U-235 with the STEREO detector using 119 days of reactor turned on. In our analysis, we perform several detailed corrections and achieve the most precise single measurement at reactors with highly enriched U-235 fuel. We measure an IBD cross section per fission of $σ_f$ = (6.34 $\pm$ 0.06 [stat] $\pm$ 0.15 [sys] $\pm$ 0.15 [model]) $\times$ 10${}^{-43}$ cm${}^{2}$/fission and observe a rate deficit of (5.2 $\pm$ 0.8 [stat] $\pm$ 2.3 [sys] $\pm$ 2.3 [model])% compared to the model, consistent with the deficit of the world average. Testing U-235 as the sole source of the deficit, we find a tension between the results of lowly and highly enriched U-235 fuel of 2.1 standard deviations.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Psilosticha mactaria Guenee 1857
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Psilosticha
Psilosticha mactaria

description: Psilosticha mactaria Guenée (Figs 523–528)
(type species)
Oviposition
11♀ code nos.: G10, G14, G21, G28, G29, G40, G52, G98, G99, G143, G144.
Oviposition period: 26 Feb.–4 Oct.
Batch size: 17.2 ± 3.2 range: 3–42; (n = 17)
Realised fecundity: 26.5 ± 6.0 (range): 4–64
Incubation time (days) (n=11): 19.5 ± 1.5
 Batch configuration and attachment: Attached, singly or in pairs (Fig. 523).
 Colour: Milky olive, becoming shiny, coppery brown then transparent on maturity (Fig. 523).
 Size (mm): (n=10) L = 0.64 ± 0.00, W = 0.43 ± 0.00, T = 0.35 ± 0.00
Width/length: 0.67
No. of females: 1
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=7): L = 0.68 ± 0.06, W = 0.43 ± 0.02.
Relative aeropylar opening size: 1.2
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 524 & 525)
No. of openings: 1
No. of cells in rosette: 5
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 2
 Shape: Narrow, elongated, sub­elliptical, dorso­ventrally flattened (Figs 523, 524 & 526).
 Characteristics: Soft chorion. Egg distinctly marked on all surfaces by hexagonal, concave cells with moderately broad, elevated walls, defined by aeropyles (Figs 523–528), double­ridged (Fig. 528), micropylar cells overlain by a fine reticulum (Fig. 525). Aeropyles elevated, prominently domed, openings very small (Figs 525 & 528), present on all surfaces apart from wider, lateral side (Fig. 527). Rosette cells recessed (Fig. 525). Chorion generally smooth (Figs 527 & 528).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
An integrative analysis of GEO data to identify possible therapeutic biomarkers of prostate cancer and targeting potential protein through Zea mays phytochemicals by virtual screening approaches
Creators: name: Modanwal, Shristi
name: Mishra, Ashutosh
name: Mishra, Nidhi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Prostate cancer (PC) is a prevalent type of cancer among men. Delaying the treatment of patients with upgraded or upstaged cancer may lead to unmanageable circumstances. The aim of this study is to contribute to the finding of biomarkers that are specific to PC and identify drug candidates derived from plants. The information about cancer is critical for clinicians to make decisions about patient treatment in the era of precision medicine. Advances in genomics technology have opened up new possibilities for identifying genes that are associated with cancer, including PC. This study identifies novel differentially expressed genes for PC. The seven PC microarray datasets were selected from the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI)/Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were found based on a fold change of |logFC| ≥ 1 and an adjusted p-value of <0.05. The DEGs were further studied using several bioinformatics tools, including STRING, CytoHubba, SRplot, Coremine Medical database, FunRich and GeneMANIA, cBioPortal. The six new potential biomarkers, GAGE2A, GAGE12G, GAGE2E, GAGE13, GAGE12F and CSAG1 were identified. These biomarkers are associated with biological processes (BPs) such as cell division, and gene expression regulation, so these genes may have a crucial role in PC progression and may serve as potential biomarkers for PC. A total of 497 phytochemicals from corn plants have been screened against the target protein and found LTS0176591 as the best lead molecule with docking score of −6.31 kcal/mol. Further, molecular mechanics–generalized born surface area (MM-GBSA), molecular dynamics simulation, principal component analysis (PCA), free energy landscape (FEL) and molecular mechanics–Poisson–Boltzmann surface area (MM-PBSA) were carried out to validate the findings.
Teleportation of a Schrödinger's-Cat State via Satellite-based Quantum Communications
Creators: name: Do, Hung
name: Malaney, Robert
name: Green, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Schrödinger's-cat state is created from the macroscopic superposition of coherent states and is well-known to be a useful resource for quantum information processing protocols. In order to extend such protocols to a global scale, we study the continuous variable (CV) teleportation of the cat state via a satellite in low-Earth-orbit. Past studies have shown that the quantum character of the cat state can be preserved after CV teleportation, even when taking into account the detector efficiency. However, the channel transmission loss has not been taken into consideration. Traditionally, optical fibers with fixed attenuation are used as teleportation channels. Our results show that in such a setup, the quantum character of the cat state is lost after 5dB of channel loss. We then investigate the free-space channel between the Earth and a satellite, where the loss is caused by atmospheric turbulence. For a down-link channel of less than 500km and 30dB of loss, we find that the teleported state preserves higher fidelity relative to a fixed attenuation channel. The results in this work will be important for deployments over Earth-Satellite channels of protocols dependent on cat-state qubits.
description: \c{opyright} 2019 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
DASISH - data service infrastructure for the Social Sciences and Humanities
Creators: name: Fihn, Johan
name: Shepherdson, John
name: Kvalheim, Vigdis
name: Katsanidou, Alexia
name: Segadal, Katrine Utaaker
name: Wasner, Catharina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014

description: We are currently seeing an explosion in research infrastructure initiatives at domain, local, national and international levels. How does a data archive/repository provide services to multiple infrastructures whilst aligning the requests to its longterm strategies and responsibilities? How does a research infrastructure ensure viability and longterm sustainability by ensuring that it has an engaged community of service providers as well as users? Five European research infrastructures in the social sciences and humanities have come together in the form of DASISH – Data Service Infrastructure for the Social Sciences and Humanities, to find solutions to some of the prevailing issues that we face as service providers and research infrastructures and support shared development. The activities in DASISH are consequently broad and cover areas such as: reference architecture for research infrastructure alignment, preservation challenges deposit service convergence, metadata quality improvement, legal ethical challenges, multilinguality in questionnaire tools and question databank, data, tools and services discovery, annotation frameworks, and training workshops for data managers, service providers and those working in infrastructures.
Identification of potential anti-hyperglycemic compounds in Cordyceps militaris ethyl acetate extract: in vitro and in silico studies
Creators: name: Bui, Thanh Q.
name: Dat, Ton That Huu
name: Quy, Phan Tu
name: Hai, Nguyen Thi Thanh
name: Thai, Nguyen Minh
name: Phu, Nguyen Vinh
name: Van Tuan, Le
name: Huynh, Lam K.
name: Li, Mai Suan
name: Nhung, Nguyen Thi Ai
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Cordyceps militaris has been long known for valuable health benefits by folk experience and was recently reported with diabetes-tackling evidences, thus deserving extending efforts on screening for component-activity relationship. In this study, experiments were carried out to find the evidence, justification, and input for computations on the potential against diabetes-related protein structures: PDB-4W93, PDB-3W37, and PDB-4A3A. Liquid chromatography identified 14 bioactive compounds in the ethyl acetate extract (1–14) and quantified the contents of cordycepin (0.11%) and adenosine (0.01%). Bioassays revealed the overall potential of the extract against α-amylase (IC50 = 6.443 ± 0.364 mg.mL−1) and α-glucosidase (IC50 = 2.580 ± 0.194 mg.mL−1). A combination of different computational platforms was used to select the most promising candidates for applications as anti-diabetic bio-inhibitors, i.e. 1 (ground state: −888.49715 a.u.; dipole moment 3.779 Debye; DS¯ −12.3 kcal.mol−1; polarizability 34.7 Å3; logP − 1.30), 10 (ground state: −688.52406 a.u.; dipole moment 5.487 Debye; DS¯ −12.6 kcal.mol−1; polarizability 24.9 Å3; logP − 3.39), and 12 (ground state: −1460.07276 a.u.; dipole moment 3.976 Debye; DS¯ −12.5 kcal.mol−1; polarizability 52.4 Å3; logP − 4.39). The results encourage further experimental tests on cordycepin (1), mannitol (10), and adenosylribose (12) to validate their in-practice diabetes-related activities, thus conducive to hypoglycemic applications.
IDPpred: a new sequence-based predictor for identification of intrinsically disordered protein with enhanced accuracy
Creators: name: Chaurasiya, Deepak
name: Mondal, Rajkrishna
name: Lahiri, Tapobrata
name: Tripathi, Asmita
name: Ghinmine, Tejas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Discovery of intrinsically disordered proteins (IDPs) and protein hybrids that contain both intrinsically disordered protein regions (IDPRs) along with ordered regions has changed the sequence–structure–function paradigm of protein. These proteins with lack of persistently fixed structure are often found in all organisms and play vital roles in various biological processes. Some of them are considered as potential drug targets due to their overrepresentation in pathophysiological processes. The major bottlenecks for characterizing such proteins are their occasional overexpression, difficulty in getting purified homogeneous form and the challenge of investigating them experimentally. Sequence-based prediction of intrinsic disorder remains a useful strategy especially for many large-scale proteomic investigations. However, worst accuracy still occurs for short disordered regions with less than ten residues, for the residues close to order–disorder boundaries, for regions that undergo coupled folding and binding in presence of partner, and for prediction of fully disordered proteins. Annotation of fully disordered proteins mostly relies on the far-UV circular dichroism experiment which gives overall secondary structure composition without residue-level resolution. Current methods including that using secondary structure information failed to predict half of target IDPs correctly in the recent Critical Assessment of protein Intrinsic Disorder prediction (CAID) experiment. This study utilized profiles of random sequential appearance of physicochemical properties of amino acids and random sequential appearance of order and disorder promoting amino acids in protein together with the existing CIDER feature for the prediction of IDP from sequence input. Our method was found to significantly outperform the existing predictors across different datasets.
Real-world observations with prasugrel compared to clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome patients treated with percutaneous coronary intervention in the United States
Creators: name: Bae, Jay P.
name: Faries, Douglas E.
name: Ernst, Frank R.
name: Lipkin, Craig
name: Zhenxiang Zhao
name: Moretz, Chad
name: Hsiao D. Lieu
name: Effron, Mark B.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To compare 30 and 90 day real-world acute myocardial infarction (AMI) and bleeding related rehospitalization rates in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients receiving percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; ACS-PCI) treated with clopidogrel or prasugrel. Using the Premier hospital database, ACS-PCI patients receiving a drug-eluting (DES) or bare-metal (BMS) stent and clopidogrel or prasugrel from July 2009 to June 2011 were analyzed. Patients were included based on the prasugrel US prescribing information (USPI), excluding patients with a history of transient ischemic attack/stroke and patients ≥75 years without diabetes or prior MI. The primary endpoint was 30 day adjusted AMI rehospitalization rate. Secondary endpoints included 90 day AMI and 30 and 90 day bleeding-related rehospitalization rates. Treatment comparisons were adjusted using propensity score stratification. At the index event, prasugrel patients (N = 9404) differed from clopidogrel patients (N = 74,163) by having a lower risk of comorbid conditions associated with bleeding, being more likely younger and male, having ST-elevation MI and receiving a DES. For clopidogrel and prasugrel, respectively, the observed AMI-related rehospitalization rates were 4.7% and 3.9% at 30 days (p p Treatment adherence was not assessed. Bleeding events not resulting in a hospitalization (e.g. office, outpatient, or emergency room visits), deaths outside the hospital, or readmissions to a hospital outside of the Premier alliance were not captured in the database. The different patient characteristics between prasugrel- and clopidogrel-treated patients suggest physicians are more selective in choosing patients for prasugrel than recommended in the prasugrel USPI. However, after adjustment for these differences, 30 and 90 day AMI rehospitalization rates were lower for prasugrel-treated patients compared to clopidogrel-treated patients, with no difference in adjusted bleeding-related rehospitalization rates.
Neutrino Physics, Superbeams, and the Neutrino Factory
Creators: name: Kayser, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We summarize what has been learned about the neutrino mass spectrum and neutrino mixing, identify interesting open questions that can be answered by accelerator neutrino facilities of the future, and discuss the importance and physics of answering them.
description: To appear in the Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories (Nu Fact 02). LaTeX, 10 pages, 1 eps figure
From data to decision : boosting for time-constrained detection of objects in moving video
Creators: name: Overett, Gary Mark
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: TA1637.O93 2011
subject: Image processing
subject: Computer algorithms.

description: This thesis considers the detection of humans and road signs in video with significant ego-motion. The aim is to work towards an automated vision system for real-time and low-latency detection of target objects from a vehicle moving at normal road speeds. Therefore, a strong emphasis is placed on both classifier robustness and the associated time-to-decision. A cascade of classifiers trained using the popular boosting algorithm, RealBoost, is adopted as the baseline system for our research, with novel improvements building upon this framework. The approach attempts to follow the full throughput of such systems, starting from the input training data, including the construction of suitable learners, and ending with the final classifier decision criteria. Evaluation and testing is done on pedestrian and road sign datasets, which provide a testing comparison across a range of problem difficulties. The approach avoids assumptions about the ego-motion of the video and makes no class specific assumptions. Therefore, the resulting improvements are applicable to a wide variety of class detection problems and are useful in detection problems for both moving and static camera systems. Several contributions are made, offering improvements in terms of the error rate performance and evaluation speed of various classifiers. - In Chapter 4 we consider the question of 'what makes a good dataset?' and develop a large pedestrian dataset for supervised learning (the NICTA Pedestrian Dataset). - In Chapter 5 we propose two new weak learners, which improve per-feature discriminance and training characteristics. - In Chapter 6 we develop a novel histogram of oriented gradients based feature type (LiteHOG PLUS), which has exceptionally favourable time-error object detection performance. - In Chapter 7 we consider the issues relating to the pairing of various feature types with particular weak learners. The chapter provides a feature design guide to help researchers select an appropriate weak learner for a given feature. - In Chapter 8 we consider three issues relating to the learning of classifiers with excellent time-error performance. Firstly, we demonstrate a tendency for boosting algorithms to select features in a biased fashion, favouring overfitting weak learners. Secondly, we test a recently proposed complexity-aware feature selection rule in conjunction with our new LiteHOG PLUS feature. Thirdly, we compare alternative boosting algorithms for performance. - In Chapter 9 we consider the issues involved in the creation of boosted cascades and demonstrate the effects of varying cascade termination criteria on time-error performance.
Scioglyptis lyciaria Guenee 1858
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Scioglyptis
Scioglyptis lyciaria

description: Scioglyptis lyciaria Guenée (Figs 529–535)
(type species)
Oviposition
3♀ code nos.: G30, G414, G418
Oviposition period: 20 Mar.–11 Apr.
Batch size range: 10–60; (n = 4)
Realised fecundity (range): 10–60
Incubation time (days): 12–23
 Batch configuration and attachment: Loosely attached, in rows, small groups (Fig. 529).
 Colour: Light green, becoming orangish­red starting at anterior pole, grey on maturity (Fig. 529).
 Size (mm): (n=15) L = 0.82 ± 0.01, W = 0.55 ± 0.01, T = 0.46 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.58
No. of females: 2
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=4): L = 0.79 ± 0.01, W = 0.43 ± 0.01.
Relative aeropylar opening size: 1.0
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 531 & 532)
No. of openings: 4
No. of cells in rosette: 6
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 3
 Shape: Very narrow, elongated, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole truncated; flattened dorsoventrally; elongated (Figs 529–533).
 Characteristics: Chorion soft. Egg distinctly marked on all surfaces by concave, elongate, quadrate cells with narrow, elevated walls arranged in longitudinal rows (Figs 529–531, 533, 534), cells in micropylar area with slightly more elevated, finely reticulated walls (Fig. 532). Aeropyles elevated, domed, openings very small (Figs 531 & 532), present on all surfaces, apart from top wide side (Figs 533 & 534). Rosette cells in micropylar area recessed (Fig. 532). Chorion densely blistered, granular in appearance (Figs 534 & 535).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Primary Proton Spectrum of Cosmic Rays measured with Single Hadrons
Creators: name: Antoni, T.
name: Collaboration, KASCADE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flux of cosmic-ray induced single hadrons near sea level has been measured with the large hadron calorimeter of the KASCADE experiment. The measurement corroborates former results obtained with detectors of smaller size if the enlarged veto of the 304 m^2 calorimeter surface is encounted for. The program CORSIKA/QGSJET is used to compute the cosmic-ray flux above the atmosphere. Between E_0=300 GeV and 1 PeV the primary proton spectrum can be described with a power law parametrized as dJ/dE_0=(0.15+-0.03)*E_0^{-2.78+-0.03} m^-2 s^-1 sr^-1 TeV^-1. In the TeV region the proton flux compares well with the results from recent measurements of direct experiments.
description: 13 pages, accepted by Astrophysical Journal
Assessing the antibiofilm activity of flavonol esters against Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 biofilm: an in vitro, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics study
Creators: name: Benny, Anjitha Theres
name: Radhakrishnan, Ethiraj K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is one of the opportunistic pathogens that may cause serious health problems and can produce several virulence factors, which are responsible for various infections, particularly in immunocompromised patients. They are responsible for producing infections on indwelling medical devices by attaching on to them and forming a biofilm. Antibiofilm, antivirulence, and gene expression studies of P. aeruginosa biofilm treated with esters of flavonols were evaluated. Pyocyanin, cell surface hydrophobicity, LasA protease estimation, rhamnolipid estimation, and pyoverdine estimation were performed to evaluate the antivirulence activities of the test compounds against P. aeruginosa. Previous studies on the antivirulence activity of flavonoids against P. aeruginosa demonstrate that even if they can inhibit bacterial growth, relatively high concentrations of the compound are generally required for the inhibition of virulence factors. The esters showed more than 40% inhibition in all the tested virulence factors at their sub minimum inhibitory concentration. The gene expression studies of selected esters toward lasB and rhlA genes show downregulation of rhlA which suggests the inhibition in biofilm formation through rhamnolipid inhibition, quorum sensing inhibition, or biofilm formation inhibition.
Syneora mundifera Walker 1860
Creators: name: Young, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2006
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Geometridae
Syneora
Syneora mundifera

description: Syneora mundifera Walker (Figs 548–554)
(type species)
Oviposition
3♀ code nos.: G94, G288, G385.
Oviposition period: 7–18 Oct.
Batch Size: 32.6 ± 8.0 range: 8–50; (n = 5)
Realised fecundity (range): 30–100
Incubation time (days): 10–17
 Batch configuration and attachment: Very loosely attached, singly; poked into folds of tissue paper.
 Colour: Off­white to pale brown, gradually becoming dirty yellow (Fig. 548), blotched pinkish­red at poles (Fig. 549), grey on maturity.
 Size (mm): (n=20) L = 0.84 ± 0.01, W = 0.51 ± 0.01, T = 0.43 ± 0.01
Width/length: 0.61
No. of females: 3
 Aeropylar opening size (m) (n=5): L =1.09 ± 0.06, W=0.93 ± 0.04.
Relative aeropylar opening size: 1.4
 Micropyles: Distinct (Figs 550 & 551)
No. of openings: 4
No. of cells in rosette: 4
No. of rows of cells in micropylar area: 2
 Shape: Narrow, elongated, bluntly ovoid, anterior pole truncated; flattened dorsoventrally; elongated (Figs 548–550, 552).
 Characteristics: Chorion soft. Egg distinctly marked on all surfaces by concave, elongate, hexagonal cells with moderately broad, elevated walls arranged in longitudinal rows (Figs 548, 549 & 522), cells on anterior pole with relatively more elevated, finely reticulated walls (Fig. 551). Aeropyles elevated, domed, openings very small, present only on and around anterior pole (Fig. 554). Rosette cells in micropylar area recessed, elevated adjacent to micropylar openings (Fig. 551). Chorion smooth with fine filamentous webbing (Fig. 553), ridged on anterior pole (Fig. 554).
description: Published as part of Young, Catherine J., 2006, Descriptions of the eggs of some southern Australian Geometridae (Lepidoptera), pp. 1-294 in Zootaxa 1287 on pages 1-294
Unravelling the unusually curved X-ray spectrum of RGB J0710+591 using AstroSat observations
Creators: name: Goswami, Pranjupriya
name: Sinha, Atreyee
name: Chandra, Sunil
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Chitnis, Varsha
name: Gogoi, Rupjyoti
name: Sahayanathan, Sunder
name: Stalin, C. S.
name: Singh, K. P.
name: Yadav, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the analysis of simultaneous multi-wavelength data of the high energy peaked blazar RGB J0710+591 from the LAXPC, SXT and UVIT instruments on-board AstroSat. The wide band X-ray spectrum (0.35 -- 30 keV) is modelled as synchrotron emission from a non-thermal distribution of high energy electrons. The spectrum is unusually curved, with a curvature parameter $β_p \sim 6.4$ for a log parabola particle distribution, or a high energy spectral index $p_2 > 4.5$ for a broken power-law distribution. The spectrum shows more curvature than an earlier quasi-simultaneous analysis of Swift-XRT/NuSTAR data where the parameters were $β_p \sim 2.2$ or $p_2 \sim 4$. It has long been known that a power-law electron distribution can be produced from a region where particles are accelerated under Fermi process and the radiative losses in acceleration site decide the maximum attainable Lorentz factor, $γ_{max}$. Consequently, this quantity decides the energy at which the spectrum curves steeply. We show that such a distribution provides a more natural explanation for the AstroSat data as well as the earlier XRT/NuSTAR observation, making this as the first well constrained determination of the photon energy corresponding to $γ_{max}$. This in turn provides an estimate of the acceleration time-scale as a function of magnetic field and Doppler factor. The UVIT observations are consistent with earlier optical/UV measurements and reconfirm that they plausibly correspond to a different radiative component than the one responsible for the X-ray emission.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Inherent Rheology of a Granular Fluid in Uniform Shear Flow
Creators: name: Santos, A.
name: Garzo, V.
name: Dufty, J. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to normal fluids, a granular fluid under shear supports a steady state with uniform temperature and density since the collisional cooling can compensate locally for viscous heating. It is shown that the hydrodynamic description of this steady state is inherently non-Newtonian. As a consequence, the Newtonian shear viscosity cannot be determined from experiments or simulation of uniform shear flow. For a given degree of inelasticity, the complete nonlinear dependence of the shear viscosity on the shear rate requires the analysis of the unsteady hydrodynamic behavior. The relationship to the Chapman-Enskog method to derive hydrodynamics is clarified using an approximate Grad's solution of the Boltzmann kinetic equation
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; substantially enlarged version; to be published in PRE
All my relations : a wholistic perspective for decolonization in home economics
Creators: name: Owens, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Decolonization is a vital factor for educators today, particularly within the field of Home Economics, which centers around connection to environment and self-actualization. Indigenous ways of knowing are being incorporated into Canadian curricula, however many teachers struggle with teaching them appropriately in their own contexts. An exploration of decolonizing teaching practice, this paper explores the use of the Indigenous way of knowing termed “all my relations” as applied to curriculum, pedagogy, and research methodology. Narrative and Indigenous methodologies were employed in an ongoing, reflective study designed to engage all participants in the classroom in contextualized, appropriate learning. “All my relations” as a way of knowing encourages respect and responsibility for human, plant, and animal teachers equally, de-centering the teacher’s voice and western or colonialized power structure and redistributing it among all participants in the classroom. Ongoing and changing with situational perspective and constant reflection, “all my relations” as decolonial practice is a way for settler teachers to respectfully engage with Indigenous ways of knowing meaningfully for learners of all backgrounds and experiences.
Comparative effectiveness of second-line targeted therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: synthesis of findings from two multi-practice chart reviews in the United States
Creators: name: Signorovitch, James E.
name: Vogelzang, Nicholas J.
name: Sumanta K. Pal
name: Lin, Peggy L.
name: George, Daniel J.
name: Wong, Michael K.
name: Zhimei Liu
name: Xufang Wang
name: Culver, Ken
name: Scott, Jeffrey A.
name: Jonasch, Eric
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Second-line targeted therapies for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) include mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors and tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This study compares the effectiveness of these therapies in a multi-practice chart review and synthesizes the findings with those of a similarly designed study. Medical oncologists/hematologists (N = 36) were recruited to review charts for patients aged ≥18 years, received a first-line TKI and initiated second-line targeted therapy in 2010 or later. The primary outcome was time from second-line initiation to treatment failure (TTF; discontinuation, physician-assessed progression, or death, whichever occurred first). TTF was compared among patients receiving second-line everolimus (EVE), temsirolimus (TEM), or TKI as a class, using a Cox proportional hazards model adjusting for type of initial TKI and response, histological subtype, performance status, and sites of metastasis. Hazard ratios (HRs) for TTF were pooled, in a meta-analysis, with previously reported HRs for progression-free survival from a chart review with a similar design. A total of 138, 64 and 79 patients received second-line therapy with EVE, TEM or a TKI, respectively. Adjusting for baseline characteristics, EVE was associated with numerical, but not statistically significant, reductions of 28% (HR = 0.72; 95% CI [0.45–1.16]) and 26% (HR = 0.74; 95% CI [0.48–1.15]) in the hazard of TTF compared to TEM and TKI, respectively. After pooling the HRs from both studies, EVE was associated with significantly reduced hazards of TTF compared to TEM and TKI (HR = 0.73; 95% CI [0.57–0.93]; and HR = 0.75; 95% CI [0.57–0.98], respectively). Limitations include retrospective analyses with possible missing or erroneous chart data, confounding of unobserved factors due to non-randomization, and limited data for axitinib during the study period. In pooled results from two independent multi-practice chart reviews of second-line mRCC treatment, EVE was associated with significantly reduced hazards of treatment failure compared to TEM and to TKIs as a class.