cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Improvement of Spray Column Performance for Post-Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture using different Column Configurations
Creators: name: Dave, Maharshi Rohitkumar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Spray Column
subject: Multiple Spray Nozzles
subject: Carbon Capture
subject: Amine Absorption Process
subject: Engineering--Chemical

description: Amine absorption process is recognized as the most mature technology available today for post-combustion CO2 capture. The absorption process is generally carried out in a packed bed absorber where flue gas and solvent are brought into intimate contact for mass transfer. However, this type of contractor suffers from limitations such as low gas handling capacity, significant pressure drop and expensive internals which has necessitated the search for a better alternative. Based on the findings from literature, a spray column is seen to be a promising alternative, however, needs further design improvements to achieve a comparable gas-liquid contact efficiency. Recent work in this field indicates that for a spray column, the mass transfer coefficient is highest in zones near the spray nozzle (spray zone), and it is expected that increasing the number of spray zones will enhance the column performance. This finding formed the basis of my research where experimental investigation into the performance improvement of spray column using three distinctive design configuration was carried out in a laboratory scale glass column of 1.1 m height and 0.2 m internal diameter. The base case design consisted of single spray nozzle at the column top while the second and the third configurations consisted of two spray nozzles, one nozzle at the top and the second nozzle at the middle section with equal flow distribution. The results obtained from this work indicate that there is a substantial step change in terms of CO2 absorption as the gas moves closer to the nozzle, validating the understanding that mass transfer coefficient is higher in the spray zone. Further, increasing the number of spray zones in the column with configuration 2 and configuration 3, the performance of the column was improved significantly with an increase in absorption efficiency by up to 10% for configuration 3 as compared to the base configuration. Overall, the experimental investigation carried out as part of this research work shows that spray column performance can be improved with a design that incorporates more spray zones in the column and can potentially achieve removal efficiencies that makes it a promising alternative to the conventionally used packed columns.
Purdue improved cowpea storage (PICS) supply chain study
Creators: name: Coulibaly, Jeanne
name: D'Alessandro, Stephen
name: Nouhoheflin, Theodore
name: Aitchedji, Casimir
name: Maiyaki Damisa
name: Baributsa, Dieudonné
name: J. Lowenberg-DeBoer
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Purdue improved cowpea storage (PICS) supply chain study
Heisenberg position-momentum uncertainty relation beyond central potentials
Creators: name: Rudnicki, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown in [New J. Phys. 8, 330 (2006)] that the three dimensional Heisenberg uncertainty principle might be signifficantly sharpened if the relevant quantum state describes the particle in a central potential. I extend that result to the case of states which are not the eigenstates of the square of the angular momentum operator. I derive a new lower bound which involves the mean value and the variance of the $\hat{L}^2$ operator.
Serving farmers' interests in a creative and effective way; Reader with success stories of African Farmers' Organizations
Creators: name: Gafaranga, Joseph
name: Mbabazi, François
name: Moto, Julius Peter
name: Jean-Damascène Nyamwasa
name: Amza Tahirou
name: Turatsinze, Gabriel
name: Umutesi, Marie Béatrice
name: Wankpo, Eustache
name: Hoof, Frans Van
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Serving farmers' interests in a creative and effective way; Reader with success stories of African Farmers' Organizations
Scalable computation of viability kernels and a viability-theoretic approach to guaranteeing safety for closed-loop medical devices
Creators: name: Maidens, John Norman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: As closed-loop controllers become increasingly prevalent in medical technology, increasing emphasis is being placed on ensuring that such systems operate in a safe manner. In our approach to guaranteeing the safe operation of a physiologic closed-loop control system, we wish to provide a mathematical guarantee that, despite limited control authority, the system’s state can be confined to a region designated as safe. The largest subset of the safe region for which there exists an admissible control input that keeps the state within the safe region is known as the viability kernel, or maximal controlled invariant set. Many methods are known for computing viability kernels in low-dimensional systems, but these existing methods rely on gridding the state space and hence their time complexity increases exponentially with the state dimension. In this thesis we describe a new connection between reachability and viability theory that enables us to approximate the viability kernel using Lagrangian methods which scale well with the state dimension. We present four new viability kernel approximation algorithms using polytope-, ellipsoid- and support vector-based set representations and we compare their performances in terms of accuracy and scalability with the state dimension. Using the support vector and ellipsoidal techniques, we are able to accurately approximate the viability kernel for systems of much larger state dimension than was previously feasible using existing Eulerian methods. We also present a viability theoretic solution to the problem of determining when a physiologic closed-loop control system should initiate a fallback mode of operation. The viability-based method allows impending safety violations to be detected in advance, allowing the fallback mode to be initiated earlier than using a naive approach. Our new approach to fallback mode initiation is examined in two sample contexts: the closed-loop control of carbon dioxide partial pressure under mechanical ventilation, and the control of the concentration of the anaesthetic drug Propofol using a paediatric model of Propofol pharmacokinetics.
Shooting Fish in A Bliss Bucket: Targeting Money Launderers in the Art Market
Creators: name: Shea, Allyson
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Art
subject: Money laundering--Prevention
subject: Money laundering--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This Note argues that the art industry cannot sufficiently deter money laundering through self-regulatory measures and that an effective approach to combatting these crimes must begin with government oversight.  Part I provides an overview of the qualities that make art an attractive market for money launderers and examines several common money laundering practices within the industry.  Part II considers self-regulatory and governmental strategies that have recently been proposed as potential solutions to these problems.  Part III argues that ultimately, focusing on targeted enforcement and deterrence through existing anti-money laundering laws offers the best approach to both preventing wrongdoing in the industry and ensuring the future stability of the market.  Using the recent success of the Kleptocracy Asset Recovery Initiative as a model, I propose that the United States could make a focused effort to root out bad actors within this market and make the art industry less attractive to criminals.
STUDY ON THE CORRELATION OF PREVALENCE OF OCULAR DISEASE TO PSORIASIS AND OTHER CONCOMITANT DISEASES IN PATIENTS WITH PSORIASIS IN SAUDI ARABIA
Creators: name: Arefin, Paroma
name: Habib, Md. Shehan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111301 Ophthalmology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111103 Nutritional Physiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology

description: Objective: Ocular diseases are chronic type associated with multiple factors. This research investigates correlation of prevalence of ocular disease to different demographic variables, medical history and psoriasis as well as other concomitant diseases in patients with psoriasis.
Design: A survey-based study was conducted.
Setting: The research was conducted among patients with ocular diseases in a hospital of Saudi Arabia.
Participants: The study was approached to be conducted among 120 patients with psoriasis and age≥ 18 years. 101 patients admitted to participate.
Intervention: Questionnaire was prepared to get information from patients. Observations of Ophthalmologists and dermatologists were recorded. Statistical package for social sciences (SPSS version 22) was used for data entry and analysis. Odd ratios and Chi-square test were used to analyze the correlations.
Results: Our study has found significant correlation of prevalence of diabetes mellitus and ocular complication and significant correlation of prevalence of diabetes mellitus and cataract. We also observed significant correlation between the prevalence of hypoparathyroidism and ocular complication and significant correlation between the prevalence of having hypoparathyroidism and cataract. Having dyslipidemia and ocular complication was found to be significantly correlated. Our study found association between presence of cataract and topical steroid use. Our findings have focused on the treatment modalities commonly used in Saudi Arabia.
Discrete Integrable Equations over Finite Fields
Creators: name: Kanki, Masataka
name: Mada, Jun
name: Tokihiro, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q53, 37K40

description: Discrete integrable equations over finite fields are investigated. The indeterminacy of the equation is resolved by treating it over a field of rational functions instead of the finite field itself. The main discussion concerns a generalized discrete KdV equation related to a Yang-Baxter map. Explicit forms of soliton solutions and their periods over finite fields are obtained. Relation to the singularity confinement method is also discussed.
title: Optimizing the Reservoir of a Recurrent Neural Network Using Gradient-Free Methods
Creators: name: Kergan, Taylor
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Reservoir computing is a framework for training recurrent neural networks in which the recurrent weight matrix, called the reservoir, is typically randomly generated, and only the output weights are trained. This approach has proven effective in applications like speech recognition and chaotic time series prediction, utilizing the reservoir's ability to capture temporal dependencies and its high-dimensional state space. Despite the success of this paradigm, we postulate that a randomly generated reservoir that has weights scaled as $1/\sqrt{N}$, where $N$ is the number of neurons, may not be the most optimal for training. This study investigates alternative weight initialization techniques using a Gaussian mixture model and a piecewise linear spline distribution to generate an optimal reservoir. We aim to determine the network weight scaling coefficient through these methods to compare it to the conventional $1/\sqrt{N}$ scaling. Our approach involves simulating networks with an increasing number of neurons using the proposed initialization techniques to fit a network weight scaling coefficient. The parameters of the proposed weight initialization techniques, such as the means and standard deviations of the Gaussian mixture model and the shape and scaling of the piecewise linear distribution, are found through gradient-free optimization methods, including evolutionary algorithms and particle swarm optimization. We show that these weight initialization methods effectively solve oscillator and input-driven tasks. Further, we observe that network size does not significantly impact performance, and the optimal scaling is task-dependent and deviates significantly from the conventional $1/\sqrt{N}$ scaling law.
Mid-infrared frequency comb spanning an octave based on an Er fiber laser and difference-frequency generation
Creators: name: Keilmann, Fritz
name: Amarie, Sergiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a coherent mid-infrared continuum source with 700 cm-1 usable bandwidth, readily tuned within 600 - 2500 cm-1 (4 - 17 \mum) and thus covering much of the infrared "fingerprint" molecular vibration region. It is based on nonlinear frequency conversion in GaSe using a compact commercial 100-fs-pulsed Er fiber laser system providing two amplified near-infrared beams, one of them broadened by a nonlinear optical fiber. The resulting collimated mid-infrared continuum beam of 1 mW quasi-cw power represents a coherent infrared frequency comb with zero carrier-envelope phase, containing about 500,000 modes that are exact multiples of the pulse repetition rate of 40 MHz. The beam's diffraction-limited performance enables long-distance spectroscopic probing as well as maximal focusability for classical and ultraresolving near-field microscopies. Applications are foreseen also in studies of transient chemical phenomena even at ultrafast pump-probe scale, and in high-resolution gas spectroscopy for e.g. breath analysis.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures revised version, added references
High-resolution absorption spectroscopy of the OH 2Pi 3/2 ground state line
Creators: name: Wiesemeyer, Helmut
name: Güsten, Rolf
name: Heyminck, Stefan
name: Jacobs, Karl
name: Menten, Karl
name: Neufeld, David
name: Requena-Torres, Miguel Angel
name: Stutzki, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chemical composition of the interstellar medium is determined by gas phase chemistry, assisted by grain surface reactions, and by shock chemistry. The aim of this study is to measure the abundance of the hydroxyl radical (OH) in diffuse spiral arm clouds as a contribution to our understanding of the underlying network of chemical reactions. Owing to their high critical density, the ground states of light hydrides provide a tool to directly estimate column densities by means of absorption spectroscopy against bright background sources. We observed onboard the SOFIA observatory the 2Pi3/2, J = 5/2 3/2 2.5 THz line of ground-state OH in the diffuse clouds of the Carina-Sagittarius spiral arm. OH column densities in the spiral arm clouds along the sightlines to W49N, W51 and G34.26+0.15 were found to be of the order of 10^14 cm^-2, which corresponds to a fractional abundance of 10^-7 to 10^-8, which is comparable to that of H_2O. The absorption spectra of both species have similar velocity components, and the ratio of the derived H_2O to OH column densities ranges from 0.3 to 1.0. In W49N we also detected the corresponding line of ^18OH.
A detailed study of the nuclear dependence of the EMC effect and short-range correlations
Creators: name: Arrington, John
name: Daniel, Aji
name: Day, Donal
name: Fomin, Nadia
name: Gaskell, Dave
name: Solvignon, Patricia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: The density of the nucleus has been important in explaining the nuclear dependence of the quark distributions, also known as the EMC effect, as well as the presence of highmomentum nucleons arising from short-range correlations (SRCs). Recent measurements of both of these effects on light nuclei have shown a clear deviation from simple density-dependent models. Purpose: A better understanding of the nuclear quark distributions and short-range correlations requires a careful examination of the experimental data on these effects to constrain models that attempt to describe these phenomena. Methods: We present a detailed analysis of the nuclear dependence of the EMC effect and the contribution of SRCs in nuclei, comparing to predictions and simple scaling models based on different pictures of the underlying physics. We also make a direct, quantitative comparison of the two effects to further examine the connection between these two observables related to nuclear structure. Results: We find that, with the inclusion of the new data on light nuclei, neither of these observables can be well explained by common assumptions for the nuclear dependence. The anomalous behavior of both effects in light nuclei is consistent with the idea the the EMC effect is driven by either the presence of high-density configurations in nuclei or the large virtuality of the highmomentum nucleons associated with these configurations. Conclusions: The unexpected nuclear dependence in the measurements of the EMC effect and SRC contributions appear to suggest that the local environment of the struck nucleon is the most relevant quantity for explaining these results. The common behavior suggests a connection between the two seemingly disparate phenomena, but the data do not yet allow for a clear preference between models which aim to explain this connection.
description: Final Version
Cache Challenge #2 RFL-Bambu Strategy
Creators: name: Machado, Karina
name: Werhli, Adriano
name: Kremer, Frederico
Publisher: name: Conscience
Year: 2024

description: Presentation from the RFL-BAMBU team for the Conscience September Webinar - CACHE Challenge 2 Participant Spotlight.

CACHE 2 results announcement availible here: https://conscience.ca/news/cache-challenge-2-results/

Presentation recording availible here: https://youtu.be/_hOU5dPZQUs
title: Using High Resolution Peripheral Quantitative Computed Tomography to Evaluate Bone Health and Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport Risk in Elite Winter Sport Athletes
Creators: name: Smith, Emily Marie
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: HR-pQCT
subject: Medical Imaging
subject: Elite Athletes
subject: REDs
subject: Bone Health
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering

description: Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) is a syndrome resulting from problematic low energy availability (LEA). Low areal bone mineral density (aBMD) is a primary indicator of LEA and is measured at the hip or spine by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). High-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography (HR-pQCT) measures volumetric BMD (vBMD), microarchitecture, geometry, and estimated strength reported as failure load. The objective of this study was to assess the differences in bone parameters using HR-pQCT in elite winter sport athletes identified as at-risk or not at-risk of REDs using the Clinical Assessment Tool (CAT2). Participants included 101 athletes (24.14.4 SD years; 53% female). HR-pQCT scans of the non-dominant radius and left tibia were analyzed and compared to DXA results. Seventeen athletes (17%; 71% female) were at-risk of REDs based on the CAT2. Bland-Altman plots suggested that compared to aBMD, Z-scores were more like failure load (ICC=0.420.10) than vBMD (ICC=0.250.07). After covarying for lean mass, odds ratios (OR) suggested increased likelihood of REDs risk classification for those with low cortical thickness (radius: OR=2.14, p=0.021; tibia: OR=1.89, p=0.037), and area (radius: OR=3.04, p=0.007; tibia: OR=2.74, p=0.006), total vBMD (tibia: OR=2.06, p=0.030), and failure load (tibia: OR=2.17, p=0.033). ROC-AUC analysis showed very poor to poor (0.50
Renormalizing Chiral Nuclear Forces: Triplet Channels
Creators: name: Long, Bingwei
name: Yang, Chieh-Jen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the subleading contact interactions, or counterterms, of the triplet channels of nucleon-nucleon scattering in the framework of chiral effective field theory, with S and P waves as the examples. The triplet channels are special in that they allow the singular attraction of one-pion exchange to modify Weinberg's original power counting (WPC) scheme. With renormalization group invariance as the constraint, our power counting for the triplet channels can be summarized as a modified version of naive dimensional analysis in which, when compared with WPC, all of the counterterms in a given partial wave (leading or subleading) are enhanced by the same amount. More specifically, this means that WPC needs no modification in 3S1-3D1 and 3P1, whereas a two-order enhancement is necessary in both 3P0 and 3P2 - 3F2.
description: published version
Bethe-Peierls approximation and the inverse Ising model
Creators: name: Nguyen, H. Chau
name: Berg, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We apply the Bethe-Peierls approximation to the problem of the inverse Ising model and show how the linear response relation leads to a simple method to reconstruct couplings and fields of the Ising model. This reconstruction is exact on tree graphs, yet its computational expense is comparable to other mean-field methods. We compare the performance of this method to the independent-pair, naive mean- field, Thouless-Anderson-Palmer approximations, the Sessak-Monasson expansion, and susceptibility propagation in the Cayley tree, SK-model and random graph with fixed connectivity. At low temperatures, Bethe reconstruction outperforms all these methods, while at high temperatures it is comparable to the best method available so far (Sessak-Monasson). The relationship between Bethe reconstruction and other mean- field methods is discussed.
Sensitivity of astrophysical reaction rates to nuclear uncertainties
Creators: name: Rauscher, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensitivities of nuclear reaction rates to a variation of nuclear properties are studied. Target nuclei range from proton- to neutron-dripline for 10<=Z<=83. Reactions considered are nucleon- and alpha-induced reactions mediated by the strong interaction. The contribution of reactions proceeding on the target ground state to the total stellar rate is also given. General dependences on various input quantities are discussed. Additionally, sensitivities of laboratory cross sections of nucleon-, alpha-, and gamma-induced reactions are shown, allowing to estimate the impact of cross section measurements. Finally, recommended procedures to explore and improve reaction rate uncertainties using the present sensitivity data are outlined.
description: 53 pages, 25 figures, 7 tables; minor revisions, accepted for publication in Ap. J. Suppl.; additional datafiles are also available at http://download.nucastro.org/astro/sensitivity/
title: Utilizing statistical methods to discover genetic variants underlying disease traits using multi-omics data
Creators: name: Kahanda Liyanage, Rushani Nilakshika Kumari Perera
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Linear Mixed Model
subject: Bayesian Sparse Linear Mixed Model
subject: Multi omics
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Identifying genetic variants statistically associated with specific diseases is the focus of Genome- Wide Association Studies (GWAS). Advancements in omics technologies have enabled the use of multi-omics data to bridge the gap between genotypes and their resulting phenotypes. Recently, various models have been proposed to utilize omics data for estimating polygenic terms. For example, the Image-Mediated Association Study (IMAS) leverages brain imaging data to conduct association mapping in legacy GWAS cohorts. Meanwhile, the Expression-Directed Linear Mixed Model (EDLMM) incorporates expression data to identify low-effect genetic variants, demonstrating superior performance in terms of power and real data analysis outcomes. However, most current association studies focus on a single biological unit. In our work, we developed an Image Expression Directed Linear Mixed Model (IEDLMM) which utilizes informative weights learned from training genetically predictive models for brain images using a linear mixed model and for gene expressions using a Bayesian Sparse Linear Mixed Model, to estimate the polygenic term in a linear mixed model. Through Simulations we have proven that, IEDLMM exhibits higher power than current methods while keeping the type-I error rates under control. By leveraging the UK Biobank image derived phenotypes (IDPs) and GTEx gene expression data, the IEDLMM identified 15 unique genes related to brain disorders across four datasets which are validated through DisGeNET functional annotations proving the efficacy of IEDLMM compared to existing methods. The creation of IEDLMM paves the way for additional exploration in the integration of multiple omics data within a single framework. This method not only improves the credibitility of the results but also furthers our knowledge in the field, laying a foundation for future research efforts.
title: Whimsygories
Creators: name: Ghosh, Indraagni
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Children's Literature by and for the Children
subject: Wordless Graphic Novel
subject: Linocut
subject: Subalternity
subject: West Bengal
subject: Kolkata
subject: Bengali Children's Literature
subject: Children's Co-creation
subject: Fine Arts
subject: Education--Art
subject: Literature--Asian
subject: Folklore
subject: Literature--Comparative

description: This paper discusses the artist book Whimsygories created as a result of a collaborative research-creation project with children in rural West Bengal, India. It explores the practices surrounding "Decolonization" through the use linocuts in producing a graphic novel. This support paper documents four original narratives created by children, aged ten to twelve, from a rural settlement in West Bengal, India. The research employs a heuristic methodology throughout data collection, analysis, and synthesis, utilizing "memory game" for character creation and narrative development, connecting self-exploration with subaltern socio-ethnography. The children's stories, developed through collaborative and immersive techniques, emphasize their altruistic behavior and moral conclusions. Organized into thematic chapters, the narratives provide insights into children's "wishful thinking" and its role in promoting communal welfare in rural areas. Linocut illustrations offer an ethnographic lens, depicting the rural epistemologies, socio-political dynamics, and its impact on human behavior embedded in the pastoral site. The study also explores the cultural significance of "ghosts" in Bengali heritage, reinforcing "autonomy" and providing agency for rural children. Traditional printmaking techniques introduce multimodality in Bengali children’s literature, supporting the creation of a graphic novel using linocuts. Ultimately, the research posits that the graphic novel is valuable evidence for future scholarly inquiry into “Children’s Literature by the Children and for the Children.”
title: Anaerobic Methanotrophy in an Oil Sands End Pit Lake
Creators: name: Davidson, Hanna Elise
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: oilsands
subject: end pit lake
subject: Base Mine Lake
subject: anaerobic methanotrophy
subject: tailings
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Albertan oil sands, and even oil sands reclamation projects, emit large volumes of greenhouse gases. Methane is one of the most potent greenhouse gases, and aerobic methane oxidation has been a subject of interest for methane mitigation. However, anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) may be just as influential in reducing methane emissions, as concerns with excess methane emissions and sediment disturbance by ebullition remain. Oil sands end pit lakes, made to reclaim tailings as well as mined-out pits, may be prime environments for AOM. This project determined if AOM was occurring in the first demonstration-scale oil sands end pit lake and attempted to determine the microbial communities facilitating this process. The potential of adding electron acceptors to sediment to increase rates of AOM was also investigated. We determined that AOM was occurring in the oil sands end pit lake’s sediment, using 13CH4-spiked incubations. We estimate that overall, AOM rates fall between 0.07-0.51 nmol mL-1 d-1 in the natural sediment. Incubations showed that AOM was most active within the first 100 days of methane-rich incubation. Electron acceptor amendments did not affect rates universally, although ferrihydrite amendments did stimulate 13CO2 production rates of up to 0.15 nmol mL-1 d-1 and may extend the longevity of high AOM rates. Effects of electron acceptor addition appear to be very site- and depth- specific and this may indicate that there are microhabitats ideal for AOM. The microbial communities responsible for AOM remain elusive. Known anaerobic methane-oxidizing taxa were identified only in minute abundances and did not detectably increase in abundance, even after 150 days of incubation. Methane oxidation rates recorded in incubations were comparable to the methane oxidation rates known for both methanogenic trace methane oxidation and anaerobic methane oxidation. This work is an initial assessment of AOM in oil sands end pit lakes, providing a base for the next steps for understanding AOM. Studying AOM rates to better illustrate methane emissions will be instrumental in managing tailings ponds and end pit lakes. This work could also have a substantial impact on microbial biodiversity knowledge, particularly in the understanding of the communities impacting freshwater AOM.
Modified fluctuation-dissipation theorem near non-equilibrium states and applications to the Glauber-Ising chain
Creators: name: Verley, Gatien
name: Chétrite, Raphaël
name: Lacoste, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present a general derivation of a modified fluctuation-dissipation theorem (MFDT) valid near an arbitrary non-stationary state for a system obeying markovian dynamics. We show that the method to derive modified fluctuation-dissipation theorems near non-equilibrium stationary states used by J. Prost et al., PRL 103, 090601 (2009), is generalizable to non-stationary states. This result follows from both standard linear response theory and from a transient fluctuation theorem, analogous to the Hatano-Sasa relation. We show that this modified fluctuation-dissipation theorem can be interpreted at the trajectory level using the notion of stochastic trajectory entropy, in a way which is similar to what has been done recently in the case of MFDT near non-equilibrium steady states (NESS). We illustrate this framework with two solvable examples: the first example corresponds to a brownian particle in an harmonic trap submitted to a quench of temperature and to a time-dependent stiffness. The second example is a classic model of coarsening systems, namely the 1D Ising model with Glauber dynamics.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Moral Rights: The Anti-Rebellion Graffiti Heritage of 5Pointz
Creators: name: Chused, Richard
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Right of property--Moral and ethical aspects
subject: Graffiti
subject: Graphic artists
subject: Right of property
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This essay proceeds in four sections.  The journey begins with the site’s story.  The first three sections explore in detail the history and development of 5Pointz and the contours of the moral rights litigation, which demolition of the buildings provoked.  That is followed by a detailed review of the unsuccessful effort of the artists to obtain injunctive relief barring destruction of 5Pointz and an appraisal of the damages trial that occurred after the demolition.  The final section presents a first effort to work through the propriety of various limitations on moral rights in the United States that affect graffiti and the best way to balance the interests of artists and building owners in the quickly changing world of street art.
Papers in New Guinea Linguistics No. 26
Creators: name: Smith, G. (Ed.)
name: Dutton, T. (Ed.)
name: Voorhoeve, C.L. (Ed.)
name: Schooling, S. (Ed.)
name: Schooling, J. (Ed.)
name: Conrad, R. (Ed.)
name: Lewis, R. (Ed.)
name: Wurm, S.A. (Ed.)
name: Barnum, T.) (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1988

description: A-76
description: Contents iiiTHE CONTRIBUTORS ivMap: Languages of Morobe Province v{GEOFFREY P. SMITH} 1-132Morobe counting systems{TOM DUTTON} 133-179Police Motu of the Second World War: a record of interview with Nanai Gigovi, 1942{C.L. VOORHOEVE} 181-209The languages of the North Halmaheran stock{STEPHEN AND JANICE SCHOOLING} 211-241A preliminary sociolinguistic and linguistic survey of Manus Province, Papua New Guinea{ROBERT CONRAD AND RON LEWIS} 243-273Some language and sociolinguistic relationships in the Upper Sepik region of Papua New Guinea{S.A. WURM AND T. BAUMANN} 275-288Cartographic and technical problems in the production of a complex language atlas: The Language atlas of the Pacific area
title: Dielectric Thin-Films for Improving the Durability of AC Electrothermal Microfluidic Devices
Creators: name: Cenaiko, Stirling Autumn
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: AC Electrothermal
subject: Microfluidics
subject: RF-Sputtering
subject: Microfabrication
subject: Simulations
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Microfluidic devices such as lab-on-a-chip, organ-on-a-chip and micro-total analysis systems allow for fast and precise testing of biofluids but can be limited in their capacity to perform more complex tests with currently available particle and fluid manipulation methods. Electrokinetics offers a way to precisely control particles and fluids using electric fields without the use of moving parts such as valves and diaphragms. Electrokinetics mainly includes dielectrophoresis, electroosmosis and electrothermal phenomena. Devices using these phenomena are limited in the voltage that can be applied, as higher voltages, along with higher fluid conductivities, significantly increase the risk of electrolysis and electrode degradation due to electrochemical reactions. AC electrothermal (ACET) is the most effective electrokinetic technique for pumping and mixing high conductivity fluids (including many biofluids, such as blood and urine). This thesis investigates the simulation and fabrication of dielectric thin-films for improving the durability of ACET micropump electrodes. RF-sputtering was investigated as a means to produce high-permittivity thin-film dielectrics. RF-sputtering is a widely-available method to coat high purity thin-films. Sputtering parameters (including power, oxygen content and temperature) were investigated to determine their impact on the deposition of metal oxides. This work also uses simulations to investigate the influence of spatially variant electrical phases on ACET fluid velocity, as well as simulating the dielectric coating effectiveness. This work showed that RF-sputtering can cause significant damage to the materials used for the microelectrodes of ACET devices. However, utilising certain process parameters, RF-sputtering can successfully be used as a method to deposit high-permittivity dielectrics to decrease degradation of ACET electrodes at higher applied voltages. These dielectric coatings may be applied to other forms of electrokinetic devices to improve their longevity and electrochemical stability.
Defect minimizing control of low pressure die casting
Creators: name: Shi, XinMei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Controlling and eliminating defects, such as macro-porosity, in die casting processes is an on-going challenge for manufacturers. Current strategies for eliminating macro-porosity focus on the execution of pre-set casting cycles, die structure design or the combination of both. To respond to process variability and mitigate its negative effects, advanced process control methodology has been developed to dynamically drive the process towards optimal dynamic or static operational conditions, hence minimizing macro-porosity in the casting. In this thesis, a Finite Element heat transfer model has been developed to predict the evolution of temperatures and the volume of encapsulated liquid in a casting with a high propensity to form macro-porosity. The model was validated by comparison to plant trial data. A virtual process has then been developed based on the model to simulate the continuous operation of a real process, for use as a platform to evaluate a controller’s performance. Since macro-porosity cannot be measured during casting, die temperature has been used as an indirect indicator of this defect. A model-based methodology has been developed to analyze the correlation between die temperature and encapsulated liquid volume, a precursor to the formation of macro-porosity. This methodology is employed to assess the suitability of different in-cycle die temperatures for use as indicators of macro-porosity formation. The optimal locations have then been determined to monitor die temperatures for the purpose of minimizing macro-porosity. A nonlinear state-space model, based on data from the virtual process, has been developed to provide a reliable representation of this virtual process. The control variable-driven portion exhibits linear dynamic behavior with nonlinear static gain. The resulting MIMO state-space model facilitated the design of a controller for this process. Finally, the performance of the nonlinear model-based predictive controller was evaluated using the virtual process. Independent of the initial state of the process - i.e. steady state or startup, the controller exhibited the capability to automatically adjust the process toward the dynamic or static optimal operational condition during disturbances examined. The advanced control methodology developed for LPDC provides a novel solution to improve the operational conditions in die casting process.
Spectrum and Franck-Condon factors of interacting suspended single-wall carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Donarini, Andrea
name: Yar, Abdullah
name: Grifoni, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A low energy theory of suspended carbon nanotube quantum dots in weak tunnelling coupling with metallic leads is presented. The focus is put on the dependence of the spectrum and the Franck-Condon factors on the geometry of the junction including several vibronic modes. The relative size and the relative position of the dot and its associated vibrons strongly influence the electromechanical properties of the system. A detailed analysis of the complete parameters space reveals different regimes: in the short vibron regime the tunnelling of an electron into the nanotube generates a plasmon-vibron excitation while in the long vibron regime polaron excitations dominate the scenario. The small, position dependent Franck-Condon couplings of the small vibron regime convert into uniform, large couplings in the long vibron regime. Selection rules for the excitations of the different plasmon-vibron modes via electronic tunnelling events are also derived.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures, new version according to the published one
Impact of observational uncertainties on universal scaling of MHD turbulence
Creators: name: Gogoberidze, G.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Hnat, B.
name: Dunlop, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scaling exponents are the central quantitative prediction of theories of turbulence and in-situ satellite observations of the high Reynolds number solar wind flow have provided an extensive testbed of these. We propose a general, instrument independent method to estimate the uncertainty of velocity field fluctuations. We obtain the systematic shift that this uncertainty introduces into the observed spectral exponent. This shift is essential for the correct interpretation of observed scaling exponents. It is sufficient to explain the contradiction between spectral features of the Elsasser fields observed in the solar wind with both theoretical models and numerical simulations of Magnetohydrodynamic turbulence.
title: A Noise-Matched Voltage Controlled Oscillator for Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Wong, Gregory
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: voltage controlled oscillator
subject: low noise
subject: quantum computing
subject: cryogenic
subject: integrated circuit
subject: phase noise
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: The advent of complex optimization problems such as drug synthesis, economic forecasting and cryptography has led to a need for increased computational speeds. Quantum computing offers exponentially faster computation than is capable by current state of the art computers. However, the information they process is extremely susceptible to noise and they require cryogenic environments to function. This necessitates that any electronics required to interface with them must be low noise, to preserve the information of these computers, and low power, to enable them to operate within a cryogenic environment. Voltage controlled oscillators (VCO) are of particular importance as they generate radio-frequency pulses that manipulate the operations of quantum computers. This thesis proposes a noise-matching topology for VCOs that utilizes impedance networks to limit phase noise at the oscillation frequency. Theoretical equations based on small-signal circuit models and impulse sensitivity functions were derived to demonstrate the feasibility and to guide the design procedure. The circuit parameters were then determined using numerical calculations in MATLAB and the optimization tool in Cadence. Two sets of VCOs were fabricated in GlobalFoundries 22nm technology to verify the findings. Tests were conducted in a cryostat at 295K, 200K, 70K and 20K. An 8GHz VCO was built which achieved -134.6dBc/Hz of phase noise at 10MHz offset at 20K while consuming 0.373mW. A 5.5-9GHz tunable VCO was also demonstrated which achieved a best phase noise of -136.2dBc/Hz at 10MHz offset at 20K with 0.678mW of power. Overall, this thesis demonstrates a first step towards building a low noise and low power VCO suitable for quantum computing with the noise matching topology and less than 1mW of power consumption.
title: Concussion Management: Examining Movement Behaviours in Adolescents Following Concussion
Creators: name: Kennedy, Courtney
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Concussion
subject: Exercise
subject: Physical Activity
subject: Sleep
subject: Sedentary Behaviour
subject: Adolescent
subject: ActiGraph
subject: Movement Behaviours
subject: Exercise Physiology
subject: Exercise Rehabilitation
subject: Public Health
subject: Rehabilitation and Therapy

description: Concussion management guidelines have evolved over time and current recommendations indicate a gradual reintroduction to sub-symptom threshold activity following a brief (24-48 hour) period of relative rest. Both excessive rest and activity following concussion have been shown to be associated with adverse outcomes, suggesting a dose-response relationship between activity and recovery. However, the optimal frequency, timing, and duration of activity to augment recovery has yet to be delineated following concussion. Movement behaviours, including physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep, are finite in nature and effectuate both independent and collective effects contributing to health outcomes. Concussion related impairments can manifest as functional disturbances encompassing numerous sleep/wake domains; however, activity and sleep patterns are often examined independently among adolescents following concussion. There is a limited understanding of the differential effect of activity across the intensity spectrum, as the accumulation of physical activity and sedentary behaviour across the wakeful day has yet to be explored in adolescents’ post-injury. This MSc project contains two projects focused on quantifying movement behaviour patterns including the volume of sedentary time, light-, moderate-, vigorous-intensity physical activity, and sleep. The first project evaluates movement behaviour metrics in healthy adolescents and adolescents diagnosed with a concussion. The second project examines the differential effect of movement behaviour volume on recovery trajectories. The comprehensive evaluation of physical activity, sedentary behaviour, and sleep patterns can aid in delineating the optimal balance between rest and activity, and ultimately inform evidence-based movement guidelines in the management and rehabilitation of concussion.
Detector configuration of KAGRA - the Japanese cryogenic gravitational-wave detector
Creators: name: Somiya, Kentaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Construction of the Japanese second-generation gravitational-wave detector KAGRA has been started. In the next 6 \sim 7 years, we will be able to observe the space-time ripple from faraway galaxies. KAGRA is equipped with the latest advanced technologies. The entire 3-km long detector is located in the underground to be isolated from the seismic motion, the core optics are cooled down to 20 K to reduce thermal fluctuations, and quantum non-demolition techniques are used to decrease quantum noise. In this paper, we introduce the detector configuration of KAGRA; its design, strategy, and downselection of parameters.
description: Proceeding for the Amaldi conference, 2011. To be published in Classical Quantum Gravity