cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cognitive and Neural Effects of Vision-Based Speed-of-Processing Training in Older Adults with Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment: A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Chen, D.-G.
name: Brasch, J.
name: Lin, F.
name: Mapstone, M.
name: Tadin, D.
name: Porsteinsson, A.P.
name: Heffner, K.L.
name: Tivarus, M.E.
name: Ren, P.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Objectives: To examine the cognitive and neural effects of vision-based speed-of-processing (VSOP) training in older adults with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) and contrast those effects with an active control (mental leisure activities (MLA)). Design: Randomized single-blind controlled pilot trial. Setting: Academic medical center. Participants: Individuals with aMCI (N = 21). Intervention: Six-week computerized VSOP training. Measurements: Multiple cognitive processing measures, instrumental activities of daily living (IADLs), and two resting state neural networks regulating cognitive processing: central executive network (CEN) and default mode network (DMN). Results: VSOP training led to significantly greater improvements in trained (processing speed and attention: F1,19 = 6.61, partial η2 = 0.26, P = .02) and untrained (working memory: F1,19 = 7.33, partial η2 = 0.28, P = .01; IADLs: F1,19 = 5.16, partial η2 = 0.21, P = .03) cognitive domains than MLA and protective maintenance in DMN (F1, 9 = 14.63, partial η2 = 0.62, P = .004). VSOP training, but not MLA, resulted in a significant improvement in CEN connectivity (Z = −2.37, P = .02). Conclusion: Target and transfer effects of VSOP training were identified, and links between VSOP training and two neural networks associated with aMCI were found. These findings highlight the potential of VSOP training to slow cognitive decline in individuals with aMCI. Further delineation of mechanisms underlying VSOP-induced plasticity is necessary to understand in which populations and under what conditions such training may be most effective.
Superradiant Phase Transition of Fermi Gases in a Cavity across a Feshbach Resonance
Creators: name: Chen, Yu
name: Zhai, Hui
name: Yu, Zhenhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we consider the superradiant phase transition of a two-component Fermi gas in a cavity across a Feshbach resonance. It is known that quantum statistics plays a crucial role for the superradiant phase transition in atomic gases; in contrast to bosons, in a Fermi gas this transition exhibits strong density dependence. We show that across a Feshbach resonance, while the two-component Fermi gas passes through the BEC-BCS crossover, the superradiant phase transition undergoes a corresponding crossover from a fermionic behavior on the weakly interacting BCS side, to a bosonic behavior on the molecular BEC side. This intricate statistics crossover makes the superradiance maximally enhanced either in the unitary regime for low densities, in the BCS regime for moderate densities close to Fermi surface nesting, or in the BEC regime for high densities.
Linking cognition and frailty in middle and old age: Metabolic syndrome matters
Creators: name: Qiu, C.
name: Chen, D.-G.D.
name: Roiland, R.
name: Lin, F.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2015

description: Objectives: This study examined whether metabolic syndrome (MetS) would moderate the association of cognition with frailty in middle and old age. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used. Six hundred and ninety participants (age = 50 years) from an on-going national survey were included in the study. Confirmatory factor analysis was applied to determine latent variables of executive function (EF), episodic memory (EM), and MetS based on relevant measurements. Frailty was defined using a modified form of Fried's criteria. Results: Applying structural equation modeling, havingMetS significantly increased the likelihood of being frail. Better performance on EM tasks, but not EF, was significantly associated with lower likelihood of MetS. Worse performance on EF, but not EM, significantly increased the likelihood of being frail. There was a significant interacting effect between MetS and EF, but not EM, on frailty. Further contrast analysis indicated that having MetS strengthened the negative association between EF and frailty. Conclusion: Metabolic syndrome moderates the relationship between EF and frailty. A prospecitve study is needed to validate such relationships before developing interventions targeting the prevention or treatment of EF and frailty in individuals with MetS.
A Scientific Trigger Unit for Space-Based Real-Time Gamma Ray Burst Detection, II - Data Processing Model and Benchmarks
Creators: name: Provost, Hervé Le
name: Schanne, Stéphane
name: Flouzat, Christophe
name: Kestener, Pierre
name: Chaminade, Thomas
name: Donati, Modeste
name: Château, Frédéric
name: Daly, François
name: Fontignie, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Scientific Trigger Unit (UTS) is a satellite equipment designed to detect Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) observed by the onboard 6400 pixels camera ECLAIRs. It is foreseen to equip the low-Earth orbit French-Chinese satellite SVOM and acts as the GRB trigger unit for the mission. The UTS analyses in real-time and in great details the onboard camera data in order to select the GRBs, to trigger a spacecraft slew re-centering each GRB for the narrow field-of-view instruments, and to alert the ground telescope network for GRB follow-up observations. A few GRBs per week are expected to be observed by the camera; the UTS targets a close to 100% trigger efficiency, while being selective enough to avoid fake alerts. This is achieved by running the complex scientific algorithms on a radiation tolerant hardware, based on a FPGA data pre-processor and a CPU with a Real-Time Operating System. The UTS is a scientific software, firmware and hardware co-development. A Data Processing Model (DPM) has been developed to fully validate all the technical choices deeply impacted by the ITAR restriction applied to the development. The DPM permits to evaluate the processing power and the memory bandwidth, and to adjust the balance load between software and firmware. This paper presents the UTS DPM functionalities and architecture. It highlights the results obtained with the full GRB trigger algorithms implemented on a rad-tolerant ITAR-free processor.
description: 6 pages, 10 figures, published in Proceedings of IEEE Nuclear Science Symposium and Medical Imaging Conference (NSS/MIC), Issue Date: Oct. 27 2013-Nov. 2 2013
Pew Research Center: American Trends Panel Wave 56
Creators: name: Pew Research Center
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2020

description: Committed romantic relationship (4); casual dating (5); reasons for not looking for relationship/dates (8); how respondent met spouse/partner (2); dating now compared to ten years ago (3); acceptable/not acceptable in dating (8); searching online for information about someone (1); looking through significant other's phone without their knowledge (2); acceptable/unacceptable ways of breaking up with someone (11); impact of sexual harassment focus on dating (2); online dating (34); reasons respondent may not consider being in committed relationship with someone (13); pressure to be in committed relationship (3); difficulty finding people to date (7); social media (9); spouse/partner use of phone/social media/video games (3); spouse/partner distracted by cellphone/social media/video games (4); giving spouse/partner passwords to various accounts (3); ever heard various dating terms (5); experience with "ghosting" (someone suddenly ignoring phone calls/messages without explanation (1); harassment associated with dating (6); harassment on online dating sites/apps (4); spouse/partner is male/female (1); sexual orientation (1).
Positive Future Expectancies: When Hopeful Thinking Contributes to Happiness in Children
Creators: name: Nguyen, Simone P.
name: McDermott, Catherine
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This research investigates positive future expectancies, particularly hope in children, which is comprised of agency thinking, perceiving oneself as capable of achieving goals, and pathways thinking, perceiving oneself as capable of discovering methods toward the desired goals. Two studies (n = 82) were conducted in the United States to examine the role of agency and pathways thinking in children’s trait and state happiness based on children’s self-reports and their parents reports of their children. In Study 1, dyads of typically developing children (Mage = 10.21 years) and their parents (Mage= 43.84 years) completed measures of hope and happiness. Study 2 extended Study 1 to include a diverse sample of children with chronic health conditions (Mage = 11.14 years) and their parents (Mage = 43.48 years). In Study 1, regression analyses revealed that children’s self-reports of agency thinking predict children’s trait and state happiness, p’s < .05. Contrastingly, in Study 2, regression analyses revealed that children’s self-reports of pathways thinking predict children’s self-reports of trait happiness, p < .001. Also, collectively, pathways thinking, agency thinking, and children’s age predict children’s state happiness, p = .025. In both studies, parents’ reports of their children’s hope were not significant predictors of children’s happiness. There also was not an association between parents’ perceptions of their children’s hope and happiness and their children’s self-reported levels. These findings elucidate the cognitive aspects of hope that promote happiness in childhood and advance understanding of the determinants of children’s happiness in the U.S.
The temperature dependence of the decuplet baryon masses from thermal QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Xu, Yong-Jiang
name: Liu, Yong-Lu
name: Huang, Ming-Qiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, the masses of the decuplet baryons at finite temperature are investigated using thermal QCD sum rules. Making use of the quark propagator at finite temperature, we calculate the spectral functions to $T^{8}$ order, and find that there are no contributions to the spectral functions at $T^{8}$ order and the temperature corrections mainly come from that containing $T^4$ ones. The calculations show very little temperature dependence of the masses below $T=0.11{GeV}$. While above that value, the masses decrease with increasing temperature. The results indicate that the hadron-quark phase transition temperature may be $T_c\geq0.11{GeV}$ for the decuplet bayons.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Occurrence and associated health risks of pyrrolizidine alkaloids in supplements marketed in Ghana for improved sexual performance
Creators: name: Akuamoa, Felicia
name: Mulder, Patrick P. J.
name: Bovee, Toine F. H.
name: Rietjens, Ivonne M. C. M.
name: Hoogenboom, Ron L. A. P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs) are noted for their hepatotoxic, genotoxic, and carcinogenic effects in animals and humans following metabolic activation in the liver. In this study, herbal supplements sold in Ghana for sexual improvement were analysed for the presence of 64 PAs using LC-MS/MS analysis. Up to 17 different PAs were identified in 19 out of the 37 samples analysed. The sum of PAs in samples ranged from 5 to 3204 μg kg−1. Since the PA content in the herbal medicinal preparations was generally lower than in honey samples, their presence was mainly attributed to cross-contamination. The observed levels would result in estimated daily intakes from 0.01 to 12 μg per day or 0.0002 to 0.2 μg kg−1 bw day−1 for a person weighing 70 kg. The margins of exposure ranged from 1200 to 1,400,000 with eight samples showing values below 10,000, thus indicating a health concern.
Fatigability disrupts cognitive processes' regulation of inflammatory reactivity in old age
Creators: name: Polesskaya, O.
name: Lin, F.
name: Roiland, R., William S.
name: Chen, D.-G.
name: Chapman, B.
name: Johnson, M.
name: Brasch, J.
name: Mapstone, M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2014

description: Objective High fatigability, a dysfunctional adaption to fatigue, may lead to difficulties performing otherwise regularly encountered cognitive activities and may be related to pro-inflammatory reactivity. The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of fatigability on cognitive processes and inflammatory response after an acute cognitive stress task in older adults. Methods In an observational stress reactivity study conducted in a light-and temperature-controlled laboratory, we measured IL-6, self-reported acute fatigue, and frontally oriented cognitive processes in 55 community-dwelling individuals aged 75 years or older as part of a demanding set of cognitive tasks intended to induce stress. Results Subjects were classified into groups of low and high fatigability based on cluster analysis of their self-report acute fatigue before and after the cognitive tasks. The two clusters were comparable on levels of baseline IL-6 and cognitive processes; however, the high fatigability cluster had significantly higher levels of IL-6 response than the low fatigability cluster. After controlling for multiple covariates, fatigability moderated the relationship between speed of processing and IL-6 reactivity. Further exploratory analyses indicated significant adverse associations between speed of processing and attention and IL-6 reactivity in the group with low but not high fatigability. Conclusion Although observational, these data are consistent with the notion that pro-inflammatory states in older adults might be reduced by improvements in cognitive processes. Because fatigability was associated with increased acute inflammatory response and disrupted the normal stress regulation provided by the cognitive processes, future randomized studies might examine whether fatigability alleviation reduces IL-6.
Frequency of mentally stimulating activities modifies the relationship between cardiovascular reactivity and executive function in old age
Creators: name: Lin, F.
name: Mapstone, M.
name: Porsteisson, A.
name: Heffner, K.
name: Chen, D.-G.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2014

description: Objectives Recent evidence suggests that younger and middle-age adults who show greater cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) to acute mental stress demonstrate better reasoning and memory skills. The purpose of this study was to examine whether older adults would exhibit a similar positive association between CVR and executive function and whether regular engagement in mentally stimulating activities (MSA) would moderate this association. Design Secondary cross-sectional analysis. Setting Three clinical research centers in the Midwest and on the West Coast and East Coast. Participants A total of 487 older adults participating in an ongoing national survey. Measurements Heart rate (HR) and low-frequency (LF) and high-frequency (HF) domains of heart rate variability (HRV) were measured at baseline and in response to standard mental stress tasks (Stroop color word task and mental arithmetic). Executive function was measured separately from the stress tasks by using five neuropsychological tests. MSA was measured by self-reported frequency of six common MSA. Results Higher HR reactivity was associated with better executive function after controlling for demographic and health characteristics and baseline HR, and the interaction between HR reactivity and MSA was significant for executive function. Higher LF-HRV reactivity was also associated with executive function, but subsequent analyses indicated that frequency of MSA was the strongest predictor of executive function in models that included LF-HRV or HF-HRV. Conclusions Higher HR reactivity to acute psychological stress is related to better executive function in older adults. For those with lower HR reactivity, engaging frequently in MSA produced compensatory benefits for executive function.
Capitalizing on the Cold War : Hong Kong elites and America’s Pacific empire
Creators: name: Hamilton, Peter E.
name: 0000-0003-2484-9212
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2015
Subjects: Hong Kong
Cold War
United States
Britain
China
Capitalism
Trade
Globalization
Empire
Imperial technologies
Higher education
US-educated
Transnational elite
Reform Era
Tiananmen Square Massacre

description: This study argues that it is impossible to understand either the Cold War Pacific or post-1945 globalization without Hong Kong. Rather than just a small British colony, Hong Kong was at the center of both the Cold War’s transfer of international power from Britain to the United States and the post-1978 reintegration of the People’s Republic of China (PRC) with global capitalism. In particular, this study argues that Hong Kong demonstrates a previously unstudied mode of expanding US imperial power that later structured contemporary US-PRC relations and the rapid growth of US-PRC trade. Scholars have documented the United States’ Cold War pursuit of global “hearts and minds” through overt anticommunist cultural diplomacy. This study reframes this research by arguing that the United States steered Hong Kong’s future through the subtlest manner of extending influence: the provision of curated opportunities. Due to British restraints on overt propaganda, the United States oriented this refugee-inundated territory toward US leadership by constraining local business opportunities, sponsoring the expansion of local higher education, and by facilitating enormous numbers of the colony’s youth to attend American colleges and universities. By the early 1970s Hong Kong was routinely the largest sender of foreign students to the United States and by 1990 likely the world’s most US-educated international society. In turn, the 1950 US embargo on the PRC fostered Hong Kong’s dependence on the US market and opened the colony to waves of US capital. The United States transformed into Hong Kong’s largest export market and largest outside investor. This reorientation of educational and business cultures was expansion by the sophisticated imperial technology of coopting capitalist elites, not by the US military. These US opportunities empowered the colony’s capitalists into powerful global agents. It was US-educated returnees who led in brokering outside trade and investment into the PRC through Hong Kong during the 1980s. This same class was critical in stabilizing the colony before its 1997 return to the PRC. Particularly after the Tiananmen Square Massacre, they repurposed America’s Cold War neo-imperialist systems and paved the way for the United States to rebuild economic relations with the PRC during the 1990s
Evaluation of objective and perceived mental fatigability in older adults with vascular risk
Creators: name: Mapstone, M.
name: Heffner, K.
name: Lin, F.
name: Roiland, R.
name: Chen, D.G.D.
name: Johnson, M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2014

description: Objectives: Mental fatigability refers to the failure to sustain participation in tasks requiring mental effort. Older adults with vascular risk are at particular risk for experiencing mental fatigability. The present study (1) tested a new way of measuring objective mental fatigability by examining its association with perceived mental fatigability; and (2) identified associated psychological, physiological, and situational predictors. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 49 community-dwelling participants aged 75. + years with vascular risk. A 20-minute fatigability-manipulation task was used to induce mental fatigability and develop objective and perceived mental fatigability measures. Objective fatigability was calculated by the change of reaction time over the course of the task. Perceived fatigability was calculated by the change of fatigue self-reported before and after the task. A set of potential psychological, physiological, and situational predictors were measured. Results: There was a significant increase in reaction time and self-reported fatigue to the fatigability manipulation task, indicating occurrence of objective and perceived mental fatigability. Reaction time and self-reported fatigue were moderately, but significantly correlated. Higher levels of executive control and having a history of more frequently engaging in mental activities were associated with lower objective mental fatigability. None of the examined factors were associated with perceived mental fatigability. Conclusion: Objective and perceived mental fatigability were sensitive to our fatigability-manipulation task. While these two measures were correlated, they were not associated with the same factors. These findings need to be validated in studies with a more heterogeneous sample and a greater variety of fatigability-manipulation tasks.
Delayed fracture healing and increased callus adiposity in a C57BL/6J Murine model of obesity-associated type 2 diabetes mellitus
Creators: name: Mooney, R.A.
name: Awad, H.
name: Farnsworth, C.W.
name: Chen, D.-G.
name: Brown, M.L.
name: Hilton, M.J.
name: O'Keefe, R.J.
name: Yukata, K.
name: Zuscik, M.J.
name: Xing, L.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2014

description: Introduction: Impaired healing and non-union of skeletal fractures is a major public health problem, with morbidity exacerbated in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM). DM is prevalent worldwide and affects approximately 25.8 million US adults, with >90% having obesity-related type 2 DM (T2DM). While fracture healing in type 1 DM (T1DM) has been studied using animal models, an investigation into delayed healing in an animal model of T2DM has not yet been performed. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice at 5 weeks of age were placed on either a control lean diet or an experimental high-fat diet (HFD) for 12 weeks. A mid-diaphyseal open tibia fracture was induced at 17 weeks of age and a spinal needle was used for intra-medullary fixation. Mice were sacrificed at days 7, 10, 14, 21, 28, and 35 for micro-computed tomography (μCT), histology-based histomorphometry and molecular analyses, and biomechanical testing. Results: HFD-fed mice displayed increased body weight and impaired glucose tolerance, both characteristic of T2DM. Compared to control mice, HFD-fed mice with tibia fractures showed significantly (p<0.001) decreased woven bone at day 28 by histomorphometry and significantly (p<0.01) decreased callus bone volume at day 21 by μCT. Interestingly, fracture calluses contained markedly increased adiposity in HFD-fed mice at days 21, 28, and 35. HFD-fed mice also showed increased PPARγ immunohistochemical staining at day 14. Finally, calluses from HFD-fed mice at day 35 showed significantly (p<0.01) reduced torsional rigidity compared to controls. Discussion: Our murine model of T2DM demonstrated delayed fracture healing and weakened biomechanical properties, and was distinctly characterized by increased callus adiposity. This suggests altered mesenchymal stem cell fate determination with a shift to the adipocyte lineage at the expense of the osteoblast lineage. The up-regulation of PPARγ in fracture calluses of HFD-fed mice is likely involved in the proposed fate switching.
Analytical validation of urine ALCAM ELISA as a test for lupus nephritis
Creators: name: Lei, Rongwei
name: Thai, Nga
name: Li, Yaxi
name: Petri, Michelle
name: Mohan, Chandra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Urinary activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (uALCAM) is emerging as an outstanding biomarker for active lupus nephritis (ALN). This study aims to evaluate the analytic performance of the human ALCAM ELISA as an assay method to quantify uALCAM in patients with lupus nephritis. A commercially available human ALCAM ELISA kit was validated for its analytical performance as per Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Assaying 30 sets of serial dilutions of ALCAM exhibited an average CV of 10% and 97%–105% recovery. The assay also exhibited overall acceptable imprecision (CV < 20%) in day-to-day, site-to-site, and lot-to-lot reproducibility. The assay exhibited a reportable range from 4018 pg/ml down to 62 pg/ml with an r2 of 0.999 in urine, with a limit of detection of 16–45 pg/ml. Most tested chemicals did not interfere with the assay, and no diurnal variations were observed in uALCAM levels. uALCAM was stable for at least 3 months at −20°C or −80°C. This analytic-validated uALCAM ELISA may provide physicians with an accurate and reliable tool for use in early detection of renal involvement in lupus, routine outpatient monitoring of disease activity, and long-term prognostication.
Highlights from PHENIX
Creators: name: Connors, Megan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: qnp22
phenix
p+p
jet
fragmentation
au+au
π0
hadron
bottom
charm
raa
nuclear
modification
cu+cu
cu+au
u+u
φ
p+al
p+au
d+au
3he+au
photon
direct photon
centrality
elliptic
flow
correlations
thermal photon
scaling

description: Talk presented at the International Conference on Quarks and Nuclear Physics 2022
Land and water systems: looking to the future and a more resilient and sustainable society and environment
Creators: name: Gotor, E.
name: Nedumaran, S.
name: Cenacchi, N.
name: Tran, N.
name: Dunston, S.
name: Dermawan, A.
name: Valera, H.
name: Wiberg, David
name: Tesfaye, K.
name: Mausch, K.
name: Langan, Simon
name: Gotor, E.
name: Nedumaran, S.
name: Cenacchi, N.
name: Tran, N.
name: Dunston, S.
name: Dermawan, A.
name: Valera, H.
name: Wiberg, David
name: Tesfaye, K.
name: Mausch, K.
name: Langan, Simon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Land management
subject: Water systems
subject: Water management
subject: Resilience
subject: Sustainability
subject: Society
subject: Climate change adaptation
subject: Climate change mitigation
subject: Water resources
subject: Models

description: Food, land, and water systems are facing unprecedented change. The world’s population is projected to grow to approximately 10 billion people by 2050, while aging and declining in some regions. Global average incomes are expected to keep increasing at a slow but steady pace. With increasing incomes and the ability of consumers to purchase more and better food in combination with population growth, food demand is projected to grow substantially over the next three decades. Meanwhile, demographic changes and economic development also drive urbanization, migration, and structural transformation of rural communities. At the same time changes to precipitation and temperature as well as the occurrence of extreme events driven by climate change are becoming more prevalent and impacting society and the environment. Currently, humanity is approaching or exceeding planetary boundaries in some areas, with over-use of limited productive natural resources such as water and phosphate, net emissions of greenhouse gases, and decreases in biodiversity. Much is published about food and agriculture and the supporting/underpinning land and water systems, but no single source focuses regularly and systematically on the future of agriculture and food systems, particularly on the challenges and opportunities faced by developing countries. This working paper is part of an effort by the CGIAR foresight team to help fill that gap. The effort recognizes that there is much to learn from past experience, and there are clearly many urgent and immediate challenges, but given the pace and complexity of change we are currently experiencing, there is also an increasing need to look carefully into the future of food, land, and water systems to inform decision making today.
title: How Can We Improve Our Security Measures to Safeguard Against Cyber Threats?
Creators: name: Trotter-Hicks, Mattea
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: Many people face the issue of having their information stolen without their knowledge of what is happening. I understand that some people don’t pay attention to everything when it comes to making sure their information is being secured properly. There must be set stages for those who don’t know technology as well and will need help with knowing what to do. There are many stories of people going through issues with getting hacked or scammed out of their money or important information. We are going to dive into finding ways to fix the outcome of others knowing what to do when it comes to technology usage. Some studies prove it can take little time for someone to get into your device and take everything important to you away. Knowing what hackers are looking for within attacking their prey. Also, having other resources to help protect. Getting hacked or scammed is not based on age or gender; it is based on things like where a person works and their position. There are all different types of ways to keep your devices safe. There are many ways to see what a hacker is trying to find or steal from you. I believe that I do not understand how important it is to keep their info safe from others. The headache and stress of dealing with the outcomes of being hacked and scammed is a very tedious process to go through. When getting a new device, make sure to learn how to protect it from others.
Nachlass/Archiv Otto Tschümperlin. Inventar
Creators: name: Becker, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Musikbibliothek Hochschule Luzern
Year: 2023

description: In Rickenbach bei Schwyz aufgewachsen, studierte Otto Tschümperlin (*1935) nach der Matura im Kollegium Maria Hilf (Schwyz), an der Kirchenmusikschule Luzern und später an der Akademie für Musik und darstellende Kunst in Wien. Neben seiner pädagogischen und politischen Arbeit in Schwyz entwickelte er eine ausgedehnte Expertentätigkeit bei zahlreichen Orgelneubauten und Restaurierungen. Seine daraus entstandenen Akten schenkte Tschümperlin in Zusammenhang mit dem zwischen 2017 und 2019 durchgeführten kantonalen Orgelinventar dem ODZ.
Five dimensional cosmological traversable wormhole
Creators: name: Najafi, S.
name: Rostami, T.
name: Jalalzadeh, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, a traversable wormhole in the Friedmann-Lema\^ıtre-Robertson-Walker (FLRW) model with one extra spacelike compact dimension is studied. We have chosen dynamical compactification as the evolution of the fifth dimension. In this respect, we study how the existence of the extra dimension, affect the behavior of the energy density, the shape function and the scale factor. It is shown that the total matter can be non-exotic and the violation of the weak energy condition can be avoided.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, to appear in Annals of Physics
Exponential scaling limit of the single-particle Anderson model via adaptive feedback scaling
Creators: name: Chulaevsky, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 46N50, Secondary 60B20

description: We propose a reformulation of the bootstrap version of the Multi-Scale Analysis (BMSA), developed by Germinet and Klein, to make explicit the fact that BMSA implies asymptotically exponential decay of eigenfunctions (EFs) and of EF correlators (EFCs), in the lattice Anderson models with diagonal disorder, viz. with an IID random potential. We also show that the exponential scaling limit of EFs and EFCs holds true for a class of marginal distributions of the random potential with regularity lower than Hölder continuity of any positive order.
A randomized clinical trial of an identity intervention programme for women with eating disorders
Creators: name: Stein, K.F.
name: Chen, D.-G.
name: Corte, C.
name: Nuliyalu, U.
name: Wing, J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Objective Findings of a randomized trial of an identity intervention programme (IIP) designed to build new positive self-schemas that are separate from other conceptions of the self in memory as the means to promote improved health in women diagnosed with eating disorders are reported. Method After baseline data collection, women with anorexia nervosa or bulimia nervosa were randomly assigned to IIP (n = 34) or supportive psychotherapy (SPI) (n = 35) and followed at 1, 6, and 12 months post-intervention. Results The IIP and supportive psychotherapy were equally effective in reducing eating disorder symptoms at 1 month post-intervention, and changes were stable through the 12-month follow-up period. The IIP tended to be more effective in fostering development of positive self-schemas, and the increase was stable over time. Regardless of baseline level, an increase in the number of positive self-schemas between pre-intervention and 1-month post-intervention predicted a decrease in desire for thinness and an increase in psychological well-being and functional health over the same period. Discussion A cognitive behavioural intervention that focuses on increasing the number of positive self-schemas may be central to improving emotional health in women with anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa.
Quelle aide forfaitaire pour les petites fermes françaises ?
Creators: name: Lecole, Pauline
name: Préget, Raphaële
name: Thoyer, Sophie
name: Lecole, Pauline
name: Préget, Raphaële
name: Thoyer, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Les aides de la Politique agricole commune (PAC) sont, pour la plupart, distribuées par hectare de surface agricole utile. Par définition, les petites exploitations en touchent peu et pourtant, leurs contributions économiques, environnementales et sociales sont de plus en plus mises en avant dans les débats actuels. Dès 2014, dans un souci de réallocation des aides et de simplification des procédures administratives, la PAC a proposé un régime d’aide simplifié pour les petits agriculteurs sans conditions ni contrôles, et assorti d’un paiement forfaitaire maximal de 1250 € par exploitation souhaitant en bénéficier (en substitution des paiements par hectare). La France a choisi de ne pas ouvrir ce régime d’aide, estimant que les montants proposés ne seraient pas suffisamment attractifs. La PAC post-2020 maintient ce dispositif mais sans en assouplir les règles et les montants. Nous évaluons ici l’acceptabilité en France de différentes versions d’un régime d’aides forfaitaires à destination des petites exploitations, en intégrant des conditions environnementales et d’emploi.
Longitudinal relationships between subjective fatigue, cognitive function, and everyday functioning in old age
Creators: name: Lin, F.
name: Ball, K.K.
name: Vance, D.E.
name: Mapstone, M.
name: Chen, D.-G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Background: The present study examined the prospective relationships between subjective fatigue, cognitive function, and everyday functioning. Methods: A cohort study with secondary data analysis was conducted using data from 2,781 community-dwelling older adults without dementia who were enrolled to participate in the Advanced Cognitive Training for Independent and Vital Elderly (ACTIVE) randomized intervention trial. Measures included demographic and health information at baseline, and annual assessments of subjective fatigue, cognitive function (i.e. speed of processing, memory, and reasoning), and everyday functioning (i.e. everyday speed and everyday problem-solving) over five years. Results: Four distinct classes of subjective fatigue were identified using growth mixture modeling: one group complaining fatigue some of the time at baseline but most of the time at five-year follow-up (increased fatigue), one complaining fatigue a good bit of the time constantly over time (persistent fatigue), one complaining fatigue most of the time at baseline but some of the time at five-year follow-up (decreased fatigue), and the fourth complaining fatigue some of the time constantly over time (persistent energy). All domains of cognitive function and everyday functioning declined significantly over five years; and the decline rates, but not the baseline levels, differed by the latent class of subjective fatigue. Except for the decreased fatigue class, there were different degrees of significant associations between the decline rates of subjective fatigue and all domains of cognitive function and everyday functioning in other classes of subjective fatigue. Conclusion: Future interventions should address subjective fatigue when managing cognitive and functional abilities in community-dwelling older adults.
2789-7209-1-PB.pdf
Creators: name: Sukisno, Toto
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Transformer’s efficiency is essential and significantly affects the transformer’s performance in delivering power. The efficiency is affected by copper losses, of which value is not constant. To improve a state-owned electricity company in Indonesia (PLN) in increasing the optimization of transformer loading, a more accurate calculation of transformer copper losses is needed. In this study, a new method was proposed to assess the value of copper losses using a fuzzy system, namely the first-order Takagi-Sugeno-Kang (TSK) method combined with Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). The fuzzy system was built based on training data. Upon this data, clustering was carried out with fuzzy c-mean (FCM). The results of the FCM were cluster centers, which were then used to construct membership functions and fuzzy rules. The parameters on the consequent of each first-order TSK fuzzy rule were determined using SVD. The last step was defuzzification to obtain the value of the transformer copper losses. The defuzzification method used was the weight average. The fuzzy system that had been built was tested on all data to determine and obtain the accuracy of the copper losses values. The results of this study indicated that the determination of transformer copper losses with a fuzzy system for training and testing data have accuracies of 99.3354% and 99.6490%, respectively. Furthermore, the first-order TSK method gives better results than that of the zero-order TSK and Mamdani methods.
General $f(R)$ and conformal inflation from minimal supergravity plus matter
Creators: name: Nastase, Horatiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We embed general $f(R)$ inflationary models in minimal supergravity plus matter, a single chiral superfield $Φ$, with or without another superfield $S$, via a Jordan frame Einstein+scalar description. In particular, inflationary models like a generalized Starobinsky one are analyzed and constraints on them are found. We also embed the related models of conformal inflation, also described as Jordan frame Einstein+scalar models, in particular the conformal inflation from the Higgs model, and analyze the inflationary constraints on them.
description: 16 pages, no figures; typos corrected, references added
Effect of leisure activities on inflammation and cognitive function in an aging sample
Creators: name: Mapstone, M.
name: Friedman, E.
name: Lin, F.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Chen, D.-G.D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVDRFs) increase the risk of dementia. The purpose of this study was to examine whether leisure activities (mental, physical, and social activities) modified the effect of CVDRFs on inflammatory markers and cognitive function in middle and old age. A secondary-data analysis study was conducted using data from 405 middle-age participants (40-59 years) and 342 old-age participants (60-84 years) who participated in the Survey of Midlife Development in the United States (MIDUS). CVDRFs were obtained from a combination of self-report medical history and blood-based biomarkers. Three CVDRF groups (≤1, 2, and ≥3 CVDRFs) were identified. More CVDRFs were significantly associated with higher levels of inflammatory markers in both age groups, and associated with lower levels of executive function (EF) in the old age group. CVDRFs were not related to the frequency of leisure activities in either age group. After controlling for covariates, higher levels of physical activities were significantly associated with lower levels of inflammatory markers, and higher levels of mental activities were associated with higher levels of cognitive function. In the old age group, physical activities also moderated the effect of CVDRFs on episodic memory (EM), and mental activities moderated the effect of CVDRFs on interleukin-6 (IL-6). Multiple CVDRFs may be associated with poorer cognitive function and higher inflammatory markers, but middle-age and older adults with CVDRFs may not engage in frequent physical and cognitive activities that may be protective. It is important to develop strategies to facilitate engagement in these activities from midlife.
Evolution of Higgs mode in a Fermion Superfluid with Tunable Interactions
Creators: name: Liu, Boyang
name: Zhai, Hui
name: Zhang, Shizhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present a coherent picture for the evolution of Higgs mode in both neutral and charged $s$-wave fermion superfluids, as the strength of attractive interaction between fermions increases from the BCS to the BEC regime. In the case of neutral fermionic superfluid, such as ultracold fermions, the Higgs mode is pushed to higher energy while at the same time, gradually loses its spectral weight as interaction strength increases toward the BEC regime, because the system is further tuned away from Lorentz invariance. On the other hand, when damping is taken into account, Higgs mode is significantly broadened due to coupling to phase mode in the whole BEC-BCS crossover. In the charged case of electron superconductor, the Anderson-Higgs mechanism gaps out the phase mode and suppresses the coupling between the Higgs and the phase modes, and consequently, stabilizes the Higgs mode.
description: 5 figures, 9 pages, including supplementary material
Immunogenic yeast-Based fermentate for cold/flu-like symptoms in nonvaccinated individuals
Creators: name: Kittelsrud, J.
name: Robinson, L.E.
name: Chen, D.-G.,
name: Reeves, S.G.
name: Weaver, S.
name: Zawada, E.T.
name: Moyad, M.A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Background: The common cold has a profound impact on employee attendance and productivity. Seasonal influenza is responsible for approximately 200,000 hospitalizations and 36,000 deaths per year in the United States alone. Over-the-counter medication efficacy has been questioned, and seasonal vaccination compliance issues abound. Our previously reported randomized trial of an oral fermentation product found an adjuvant benefit for vaccinated individuals in terms of a significantly reduced incidence and duration of cold and flu-like symptoms. Methods: A concurrent 12-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial of 116 subjects with no recent history of seasonal influenza vaccination was conducted. Participants received once-daily supplementation with 500 mg of a dried modified Saccharomyces cerevisiae oral fermentate (EpiCor) or placebo. Clinical outcome measurements included periodic interval-based in-clinic examinations and serologic analysis at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks. Participants utilized a standardized self-report symptom diary. Results: Subjects receiving the intervention experienced a statistically significant reduction in the incidence (p = 0.01), a nonsignificant reduction in duration (p = 0.10), and no impact on the severity (p = 0.90) of colds or flu-like symptoms, but a more favorable safety profile compared with subjects receiving placebo. Conclusions: This nutritional-based fermentate appeared to be safe and efficacious in a unique at-risk population and should receive more clinical research as a potential method to reduce the incidence of cold and flu-like symptoms, in individuals with and without a history of influenza vaccination.
Pharmacological nNOS inhibition activated small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel without altering Ca2+ dynamics
Creators: name: Watanabe, Masaya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 29901 Biological Physics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This is the supplemental material online of " Pharmacological nNOS inhibition activated small conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channel without altering Ca2+ dynamics ".
Coexistence of different magnetic moments in CeRuSn probed by polarized neutrons
Creators: name: Prokes, K.
name: Hartwig, S.
name: Gukasov, A.
name: Mydosh, J. A.
name: Huang, Y. -K.
name: Niehaus, O.
name: Pottgen, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the spin densities in CeRuSn determined at elevated and at low temperatures using polarized neutron diffraction. At 285 K, where the CeRuSn crystal structure, commensurate with the CeCoAl type, contains two different crystallographic Ce sites, we observe that one Ce site is clearly more susceptible to the applied magnetic field whereas the other is hardly polarizable. This finding clearly documents that distnictly different local environment of the two Ce sites causes the Ce ions to split into magnetic Ce3+ and non-magnetic Ce(4-delta)+ valence states. With lowering the temperature, the crystal structure transforms to a structure incommensurately modulated along the c axis. This leads to new inequivalent crystallographic Ce sites resulting in a re-distribution of spin densities. Our analysis using the simplest structural approximant shows that in this metallic system Ce ions co-exist in different valence states. Localized 4f states that fulfill the third Hund's rule are found to be close to the ideal Ce3+ state (at sites with the largest Ce-Ru interatomic distances) whereas Ce(4-delta)+ valence states are found to be itinerant and situated at Ce sites with much shorter Ce-Ru distances. The similarity to the famous alpha-gamma transition in elemental cerium is discussed.
description: 3 figures, 1 table