Anastrepha quadripuncta Troya & Norrbom 2020, new species
Creators: name: Troya, Henry
name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Bolanos Pineda, Julia E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Anastrepha
Anastrepha quadripuncta

description: Anastrepha quadripuncta Troya & Norrbom, new species
Figs. 1, 3, 5–9
Diagnosis. Anastrepha quadripuncta is similar to species of the punctata and tripunctata species groups in having a pair of ovoid brown spots posteriorly on the scutum. It differs from all of the species of these groups except A. maya Hernández-Ortiz in having the scutellum with a brown lateral mark, although in A. quadripuncta it is between the basal and apical setae whereas in A. maya it is ventral to the basal seta. It differs from the species of the tripunctata group in lacking brown markings on the subscutellum and in having a hyaline area between the V-band and vein M 1, from the species of the punctata group in having darker setae, and from all the other species of both groups except A. morvasi Uramoto & Zucchi, in having the aculeus tip partially serrate (this character unknown for A. relicta Hernández-Ortiz). It most closely resembles A. morvasi, including in wing pattern (V-band connected to S-band; distal part of S-band with marginal hyaline markings), in scutal markings (posterior margin with pair of brown marks between dorsocentral and intra-alar lines), and in having the aculeus tip partially serrate. It differs from A. morvasi in having darker setae, the scutellum with a brown lateral mark between the basal and apical setae, the C- and S-bands narrowly separated or narrowly connected, and relatively longer terminalia (oviscape length 2.83–2.85 mm, oviscape/ mesonotum length ratio 0.95–1.00 vs. 1.42–1.51 mm and 0.56 times mesonotum length in A. morvasi).
Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae red brown.
Head: Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 4–5 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, straight or concave on dorsal twothirds. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.
Thorax (Fig. 1): Mostly orange; with following areas white to pale yellow: postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; medial scutal vitta, very slender anteriorly, posterior fourth broad, quadrate, extended laterally to dorsocentral seta; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; most of anatergite and katatergite; and most of scutellum. Posterior margin of scutum between dorsocentral and intra-alar lines with paired dark brown spot. Scuto-scutellar suture with weak broad medial brown spot. Scutellum between basal and apical setae with large paired lateral brown spot, also with single very small apical brown spot between apical setae (not visible in dorsal view). Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 2.85–2.98 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, scutum and scutellum entirely microtrichose; scutal setulae red brown. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta weak, red brown, slightly more than half length of anepisternal seta.
Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.
Wing (Figs. 3, 5): Length 8.13–8.56 mm, width 3.29 mm, ratio 2.60.Apex of vein R 1 at 0.55 wing length, aligned with or slightly proximal to level of anterior end of crossvein r-m. Cell c 0.95–0.97 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 4.7–5.4 times as long as wide. Vein R 2+3 slightly sinuous. Crossvein r-m at 0.67–0.68 distance from bm-m to dm-m on vein M 1. Vein M 1 weakly curved apically; cell r 4+5 at apex 1.21 times as wide as at level of dm-m, 0.92 times as wide as maximum subapical width. Cell cu a with distal lobe relatively short, length of cu a 1.45 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.66 times as long as vein CuA+CuP. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly orange, with diffuse dark brown spots at apices of crossvein h and apex of vein Sc, cell c without hyaline area, pterostigma slightly darker orange brown, distal and posterior margins in cells r 1 and r 2+3 partially narrowly brown, in cell br with distinct elongate brown spot on posterior margin; node of vein Rs with small distinct brown spot. C-band and S-band very narrowly connected in cell r 1 or well separated; if bands connected, hyaline marginal spot in cell r 1 subtriangular, with apex aligned slightly proximal to crossvein r-m. Basal hyaline area in cell dm small, not reaching posterior end of crossvein bm-m. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, anterobasal margin mostly narrowly brown in cells r 1, r 2+3 and br, posterodistal margin narrowly brown, more broadly in cell m 4, reaching apex of lobe of cell cu a, with weak incision in cell m 4; distal section narrowly brown on margins and apically, moderately broad, especially at apex of vein R 2+3 where as wide as cell r 2+3, but not extended to apex of vein M 1, with marginal hyaline spot at apex of vein R 2+3 and minute to small hyaline spot at apex of vein R 4+5; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extended to vein R 2+3. V-band with proximal arm relatively narrow, brown posterior to vein M 4, on proximal margin in cell dm and slightly into cell r 4+5, and on distal margin in posterior half of cell m 1; narrowly connected to S-band along vein R 4+5; on posterior margin extended 0.75-0.80 distance to apex of vein CuA+CuP; distal arm slender, almost entirely brown, connected to proximal arm; hyaline area between arms of Vband and vein M 1 distinct, 0.42–0.67 width of cell r 4+5.
Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings.
Female terminalia: Oviscape 2.83–2.85 mm long, 0.95–1.00 times as long as mesonotum, nearly straight in lateral view; entirely orange; spiracle at basal 0.31. Eversible membrane not dissected. Aculeus (Figs. 6, 8) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 2.64–2.69 mm long, 0.93 times oviscape length; in ventral view base distinctly expanded, triangular, 0.21 mm wide, shaft 0.105 mm wide at midlength; tip (Figs. 7, 9) 0.28 mm long, 0.11 times aculeus length, 0.11–0.12 mm wide at base, 0.125 –0.145 mm wide preapically, 2.55 times as long as wide at base; in ventral view slightly tapered then slightly expanded, distal 0.71 triangular, gradually tapered to apex, very finely serrate; 0.055 mm wide in lateral view, 0.50 times ventral width. Spermathecae not examined.
Distribution. Anastrepha quadripuncta is known only from Ecuador (Azuay).
Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown.
Type data. Holotype ♀ (CNREE-AGROCALIDAD-LOJA E11-161486B), ECUADOR: Azuay: Zhugsho, 3.07014°S 78.78910°W, 2519 m, 29 Jun 2016, J. Ordonez. Paratype: ECUADOR: Azuay: Zhugsho, 3.07014°S 78.78910°W, 2519 m, 29 Jun 2016, J. Ordonez, ♀ (USNM E11-161486 B).
Etymology. The name of this species is a noun in apposition derived from the Latin “quattuor” and “punctum”, in reference to the four spots on the scutum and scutellum.
Comments. This species appears to be most closely related to A. morvasi, currently placed in the punctata species group. These two species are here placed in a newly recognized species group, the morvasi group, based on morphological and molecular characters. They differ from species of the punctata group in having darker setae and the aculeus tip partially serrate, and in preliminary analyses of a large COI dataset, they cluster together and are well separated from A. punctata Hendel, the only species of the punctata group included. The COI analysis suggests that the morvasi group may be more closely related to the tripunctata group, species of which also have brown markings on the scutum and some similarities in wing characters (C-band and S-band separated along vein R 4+5, S-band often with marginal hyaline spots, vein M 1 weakly curved apically), but differ in having brown markings on the subscutellum, no hyaline area between the V-band and vein M 1, and a nonserrate aculeus tip.
description: Published as part of Troya, Henry, Norrbom, Allen L. & Bolanos Pineda, Julia E., 2020, Two new species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae) from Ecuador, pp. 366-372 in Zootaxa 4820 (2) on pages 367-368, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4820.2.9, http://zenodo.org/record/4441092