cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Profiles of Bars in Spiral Galaxies
Creators: name: Erwin, Peter
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Anderson, Stuart Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of major-axis surface-brightness profiles of bars in a volume-limited sample of 182 barred spiral galaxies, using Spitzer 3.6 micron images. Unlike most previous studies, we use the entire bar profile, and we classify profiles into four categories. These are "Peak+Shoulders" (P+Sh) -- updating the classic "flat bar" profile -- and three subtypes of the classic "exponential" profile: (true) Exponential, "Two-Slope" (shallow inner slope + steeper outer slope), and "Flat-Top" (constant inner region, steep outer slope). P+Sh profiles are preferentially found in galaxies with high stellar masses, early Hubble types, red colours, and low gas fractions; the most significant factor is stellar mass, and previous correlations with Hubble type can be explained by the tendency of higher-mass galaxies to have earlier Hubble types. The most common type of non-P+Sh profile is Exponential, followed by Flat-Top profiles; all non-P+Sh profiles appear to have similar distributions of stellar mass, Hubble type, colour, and gas fraction. We also morphologically classify the bars of an inclined subsample into those with and without boxy/peanut-shaped (B/P) bulges; as previously reported, the presence of a B/P bulge is very strong function of stellar mass. Essentially all bars with B/P bulges have P+Sh profiles; we associate the profile shoulders with the outer, vertically thin part of the bar. We find a small number of P+Sh profiles in bars without clear B/P bulges, which may indicate that P+Sh formation precedes the formation of B/P bulges.
description: pdflatex, 21 pages, 12 figures; accepted by MNRAS. Data, code, and Jupyter notebooks available at https://github.com/perwin/barprofiles_paper
Unifying notions of generalized weights for universal security on wire-tap networks
Creators: name: Martínez-Peñas, Umberto
name: Matsumoto, Ryutaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 15A03, 15B33, 94B05, 94C99

description: Universal security over a network with linear network coding has been intensively studied. However, previous linear codes used for this purpose were linear over a larger field than that used on the network. In this work, we introduce new parameters (relative dimension/rank support profile and relative generalized matrix weights) for linear codes that are linear over the field used in the network, measuring the universal security performance of these codes. The proposed new parameters enable us to use optimally universal secure linear codes on noiseless networks for all possible parameters, as opposed to previous works, and also enable us to add universal security to the recently proposed list-decodable rank-metric codes by Guruswami et al. We give several properties of the new parameters: monotonicity, Singleton-type lower and upper bounds, a duality theorem, and definitions and characterizations of equivalences of linear codes. Finally, we show that our parameters strictly extend relative dimension/length profile and relative generalized Hamming weights, respectively, and relative dimension/intersection profile and relative generalized rank weights, respectively. Moreover, we show that generalized matrix weights are larger than Delsarte generalized weights.
description: 8 pages, LaTeX; the current version will appear in the Proceedings of the 54th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control, and Computing, Monticello, IL, USA, 2016
GAMA/DEVILS: Cosmic star formation and AGN activity over 12.5 billion years
Creators: name: D'Silva, Jordan C. J.
name: Driver, Simon P.
name: Lagos, Claudia D. P.
name: Robotham, Aaron S. G.
name: Bellstedt, Sabine
name: Davies, Luke J. M.
name: Thorne, Jessica E.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Bravo, Matias
name: Holwerda, Benne
name: Phillipps, Steven
name: Seymour, Nick
name: Siudek, Malgorzata
name: Windhorst, Rogier A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the Galaxy and Mass Assembly (GAMA) and the Deep Extragalactic Visible Legacy Survey (DEVILS) observational data sets to calculate the cosmic star formation rate (SFR) and active galactic nuclei (AGN) bolometric luminosity history (CSFH/CAGNH) over the last 12.5 billion years. SFRs and AGN bolometric luminosities were derived using the spectral energy distribution fitting code ProSpect, which includes an AGN prescription to self consistently model the contribution from both AGN and stellar emission to the observed rest-frame ultra-violet to far-infrared photometry. We find that both the CSFH and CAGNH evolve similarly, rising in the early Universe up to a peak at look-back time $\approx 10$~Gyr ($z \approx 2$), before declining toward the present day. The key result of this work is that we find the ratio of CAGNH to CSFH has been flat ($\approx 10^{42.5}\mathrm{erg \, s^{-1}M_{\odot}^{-1}yr}$) for $11$~Gyr up to the present day, indicating that star formation and AGN activity have been coeval over this time period. We find that the stellar masses of the galaxies that contribute most to the CSFH and CAGNH are similar, implying a common cause, which is likely gas inflow. The depletion of the gas supply suppresses cosmic star formation and AGN activity equivalently to ensure that they have experienced similar declines over the last 10 Gyr. These results are an important milestone for reconciling the role of star formation and AGN activity in the life cycle of galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures. Figures 9 and 10 are the main results. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Quantum-information theory of magnetic field influence on circular dots with different boundary conditions
Creators: name: Shafeekali, H.
name: Olendski, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Influence of the transverse uniform magnetic field $\bf B$ on position (subscript $ρ$) and momentum ($γ$) Shannon quantum-information entropies $S_{ρ,γ}$, Fisher informations $I_{ρ,γ}$ and informational energies $O_{ρ,γ}$ is studied theoretically for the 2D circular quantum dots (QDs) whose circumference supports homogeneous either Dirichlet or Neumann boundary condition (BC). Analysis reveals similarities and differences of the influence on the properties of the structure of the surface interaction with the magnetic field. Conspicuous distinction between the spectra are crossings at the increasing induction of the Neumann energies with the same radial quantum number $n$ and adjacent non-positive angular indices $m$. At the growing $B$, either system undergoes Landau condensation when its characteristics turn into their uniform field counterparts. For the Dirichlet system this transformation takes place at the smaller magnetic intensities; e.g., the Dirichlet sum $S_{ρ_{00}}+S_{γ_{00}}$ on its approach from above to a fundamental limit $2(1+\lnπ)$ is at any $B$ smaller than the corresponding Neumann quantity what physically means that the former geometry provides more total information about the position and motion of the particle. It is pointed out that the widely accepted disequilibrium uncertainty relation $O_ρO_γ\leq(2π)^{-\mathtt{d}}$, with $\mathtt{d}$ being a dimensionality of the system, is violated by the Neumann QD in the magnetic field. Comparison with electrostatic harmonic confinement is performed. Physical interpretation is based on the different roles of the two BCs and their interplay with the field: Dirichlet (Neumann) surface is a repulsive (attractive) interface.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures
Taxonomy of Australian Casuarinaceae based on seedling morphology and allozymes
Creators: name: Hwang., Yee H.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Trends in Neonatal Mortality and Assessment of Associated risk Factors in Butajira District,South Centeral Ethiopia,(1987-2008)
Creators: name: Gizaw, Muluken
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2012

description: Introduction: Child mortality is an important indicator of a country's developmental status. Neonatal mortality and stillbirth shared a higher percentage of child mortality. However, in developing countries where most deliveries occur at home and there is no civil registration, it is difficult to measure the magnitude of neonatal mortality. In such set-ups, the use of data from continous demographic survillance systems provided a valid result. Therefore, this study was conducted in rural Butajira using a 22 years dataset with the aim of assessing trends of neonatal mortality and assessment of associated risk factors. Methods: The Butajira Rural Health Programme was launched in 1987 with an objective of developing and evaluating a system for a continuous registration of vital events. The surveillance system operates an open cohort system. An event history analysis was carried out to calculate the yearly neonatal mortality and magnitude of death along different covariates. Poisson regression model was used to elicit neonatal mortality risk factors. Results: The trends of neonatal mortality did not show a change over the study period (Pvalue= 0.099). There was a high burden of early neonatal mortality with the highest risk of death on the first day of life (incidence rate ratios 4.84 [4.5 5.2] and 18 [16.6 19.4] respectively). Significant risk factors for all-cause neonatal mortality were being male 1.65(1.4-1.9), distance to hospital 1.5(1.11- 2.0), born to follower of Islam 1.2[1.01 1.50], born to mothers with no oxen 1.16(1.01- 1.34) and neonates were born to mothers living in thatched house 2.9(2.4-3.5). Conculussion:- Despite there is an urgent need of reducing neonatal mortality at national level , no significant change observed in neonatal mortality in Butajira. The death was significantly associated with sex of the child, socio economic variables, and physical access to hospital. Therefore, comprehensive prevention strategies directed at reducing neonatal death should address community, household and individual level factors, which significantly influence neonatal mortality in Butajira.
Exactly solvable model for a solitonic vortex in a compressible superfluid
Creators: name: Toikka, L. A.
name: Brand, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vortex motion is a complex problem due to the interplay between the short-range physics at the vortex core level and the long-range hydrodynamical effects. Here we show that the hydrodynamic equations of vortex motion in a compressible superfluid can be solved exactly in a model "slab" geometry. Starting from an exact solution for an incompressible fluid, the hydrodynamic equations are solved with a series expansion in a small tunable parameter provided by the ratio of the healing length, characterizing the vortex cores, to the slab width. The key dynamical properties of the vortex, the inertial and physical masses, are well defined and renormalizable. They are calculated at leading order beyond the logarithmic accuracy that has limited previous approaches. Our results provide a solid framework for further detailed study of the vortex mass and vortex forces in strongly-correlated and exotic superfluids. The proposed geometry can be realised in quantum-gas experiments where high-precision measurements of vortex mass parameters are feasible.
description: 13 pages
On thermal production of self-interacting dark matter
Creators: name: Choi, Soo-Min
name: Kang, Yoo-Jin
name: Lee, Hyun Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider thermal production mechanisms of self-interacting dark matter in models with gauged $Z_3$ symmetry. A complex scalar dark matter is stabilized by the $Z_3$, that is the remnant of a local dark $U(1)_d$. Light dark matter with large self-interaction can be produced from thermal freeze-out in the presence of SM-annihilation, SIMP and/or forbidden channels. We show that dark photon and/or dark Higgs should be relatively light for unitarity and then assist the thermal freeze-out. We identify the constraints on the parameter space of dark matter self-interaction and mass in cases that one or some of the channels are important in determining the relic density.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures, Version to appear in Journal of High Energy Physics
Linear and nonlinear properties of the Goldreich-Schubert-Fricke instability in stellar interiors with arbitrary local radial and latitudinal differential rotation
Creators: name: Dymott, Robert W.
name: Barker, Adrian J.
name: Jones, Chris A.
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the linear and nonlinear properties of the Goldreich-Schubert-Fricke (GSF) instability in stellar radiative zones with arbitrary local (radial and latitudinal) differential rotation. This instability may lead to turbulence that contributes to redistribution of angular momentum and chemical composition in stars. In our local Boussinesq model, we investigate varying the orientation of the shear with respect to the 'effective gravity', which we describe using the angle $ϕ$. We first perform an axisymmetric linear analysis to explore the effects of varying $ϕ$ on the local stability of arbitrary differential rotations. We then explore the nonlinear hydrodynamical evolution in three dimensions using a modified shearing box. The model exhibits both the diffusive GSF instability, and a non-diffusive instability that occurs when the Solberg-H\{o}iland criteria are violated. We observe the nonlinear development of strong zonal jets ("layering" in the angular momentum) with a preferred orientation in both cases, which can considerably enhance turbulent transport. By varying $ϕ$ we find the instability with mixed radial and latitudinal shears transports angular momentum more efficiently (particularly if adiabatically unstable) than cases with purely radial shear $(ϕ= 0)$. By exploring the dependence on box size, we find the transport properties of the GSF instability to be largely insensitive to this, implying we can meaningfully extrapolate our results to stars. However, there is no preferred length-scale for adiabatic instability, which therefore exhibits strong box-size dependence. These instabilities may contribute to the missing angular momentum transport required in red giant and subgiant stars and drive turbulence in the solar tachocline.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS (28th June 2023)
Essays on Over-the-Counter Markets
Creators: name: Doan, Viet Dung
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Finance

description: This dissertation comprises two essays on over-the-counter (OTC) markets, covering both the primary and secondary markets for municipal bonds. In the first chapter, I explore a novel channel through which exchange-traded funds (ETFs) improve pre-trade price transparency and thereby retail investors' bargaining power in OTC markets. ETFs are required to daily disclose their full holdings, often along with their constituents’ end-of-day prices, which are good timely references for investors to negotiate with broker-dealers, particularly when the securities have not traded recently. I find that ETF-held bonds have significantly lower retail markups than those of bonds not held by ETFs. This effect cannot be explained by selection or ETFs' own trading activity but is driven by the daily disclosures by ETFs holding the bonds. During 2010--2021, retail investors saved over $200 million when trading ETF-held bonds. There is also a spillover effect to the primary market---when municipalities have outstanding ETF-held bonds, their new issues have lower yields and smaller price dispersion. In the second chapter, I both theoretically and empirically document a non-monotonic relation between local municipal bond mutual funds, or informed investors, and underpricing in the municipal bond market. Empirically speaking, offering yields are higher in states that have open-end municipal bond funds, and with larger aggregate fund size. However, holding local fund size constant, yields decrease in the number of funds. Such relations hold when local funds' primary market participation is instrumented with the similarities in characteristics of new issues and existing bonds in their portfolios. I further confirm my empirical findings with a security underpricing model that incorporates the imperfect signals available to informed investors. Despite facing higher borrowing costs, issuers benefit from local funds' certification resulting in both institutional and retail investors' higher demand in the primary market.
A Holographic Description of Negative Energy States
Creators: name: Lee, Da-Shin
name: Yeh, Chen-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the AdS/CFT duality, we study the expectation value of stress tensor in $2+1$-dimensional quantum critical theories with a general dynamical scaling $z$, and explore various constrains on negative energy density for strongly coupled field theories. The holographic dual theory is the theory of gravity in 3+1-dimensional Lifshitz backgrounds. We adopt a consistent approach to obtain the boundary stress tensor from bulk construction, which satisfies the trace Ward identity associated with Lifshitz scaling symmetry. In particular, the boundary stress tensor, constructed from the gravitational wave deformed Lifshitz geometry, is found up to second order in gravitational wave perturbations. {The result} is compared to its counterpart in free {scalar} field theory at the same order in an expansion of small squeezing parameters. This allows us to relate the boundary values of gravitational waves to the squeezing parameters of squeezed vacuum states. We find that, in both cases with $z=1$, the stress tensor satisfies the averaged null energy condition, and is consistent with the quantum interest conjecture. Moreover, the negative lower bound on null-contracted stress tensor, which is averaged over time-like trajectories along nearly null directions, is obtained. We find a weaker constraint on the magnitude and duration of negative null energy density in strongly coupled field theory as compared with the constraint in free relativistic field theory. The implications are discussed.
description: This is the version(v2) published in JHEP
Υλοποίηση και Αξιολόγηση Κρυπτογραφικών Αλγορίθμων
Creators: name: Μητσιάκη, Ανδρεάνα Θεόδωρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Κρυπτογραφία
Έξυπνα Συμβόλαια
Cryptography
Smart Contracts
Blockchain
RSA
RC4

description: Η διπλωματική αυτή αφορά τη μελέτη κάποιων κρυπτογραφικών αλγορίθμων, δίνοντας έμφαση στους κρυπτογραφικούς αλγόριθμους RC4 και RSA. Στο δεύτερο μισό της διπλωματικής αυτής εργασίας εμβαθύνουμε στη τεχνολογία Blockchain. Οι αλγόριθμοι κρυπτογράφησης κατέχουν σημαντικό ρόλο στην ασφάλεια της ανταλλαγής πληροφορίας (δεδομένων). Μάλιστα με τη συνεχή αύξηση των χρηστών και των διαδικασιών που πραγματοποιούνται πια μέσω διαδικτύου (τραπεζικές, ηλεκτρονικές συναλλαγές, ηλεκτρονική αλληλογραφία κλπ.) τόσο πιο αναγκαία κρίνεται η μελέτη των αλγόριθμών αυτών, για όσο δυνατόν καλύτερη ασφάλεια. Η τεχνολογία Blockchain, είναι μια τεχνολογία που τα τελευταία χρόνια έχει αναπτυχθεί ιδιαίτερα ειδικά με τη δημοσιότητα των κρυπτονομισμάτων (όπως του bitcoin), όμως μπορεί να βρει υλοποίηση και να υιοθετηθεί σε πολλούς τομείς χάρη στα μοναδικά χαρακτηριστικά που προσφέρει, και που θα αναπτύξουμε αναλυτικά. Οι αλγόριθμοι RC4 και RSA έχουν υλοποιηθεί σε γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Python, έχουμε ακόμα χρησιμοποιήσει το εργαλείο CrypTool για δοκιμές ενώ για το Blockchain, έχουμε φτιάξει ένα ιδιωτικό δίκτυο Ethereum, δημιουργήσαμε ένα έξυπνο συμβόλαιο στη γλώσσα προγραμματισμού Solidity και το έχουμε αναπτύξει στο RemixIDE και με το Truffle framework
description: This thesis concerns the study of some cryptographic algorithms, highlighting the RC4 and RSA cryptographic algorithms. In the second half of this thesis, we delve into Blockchain technology. Encryption algorithms play a substantial role in the security of information (data) exchange. In fact, with the continuous increase of users and the processes that are now executed via the internet (banking, electronic transactions, electronic mail, etc.), the study of these algorithms is considered all the more imperative, for the fairest achievable security. Blockchain technology is a technology that has been developed in recent years, especially with the publicity of cryptocurrencies (such as bitcoin), however it can be implemented in and adopted by many areas thanks to the unique features it delivers, which we will scrutinize in detail. RC4 and RSA algorithms have been implemented in Python programming language. Furthermore, we have used the CrypTool tool for testing, while for Blockchain, we built a private Ethereum network, created a smart contract in Solidity programming language and developed it in RemixIDE and with Truffle framework
Nonthermal Gravitino Production after Large Field Inflation
Creators: name: Ema, Yohei
name: Mukaida, Kyohei
name: Nakayama, Kazunori
name: Terada, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the nonthermal gravitino production at the (p)reheating stage after inflation. Particular attention is paid to large field inflation models with a $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry, for which the previous perturbative analysis is inapplicable; and inflation models with a stabilizer superfield, which have not been studied non-perturbatively. It is found that in single-superfield inflation models (without the stabilizer field), nonthermal production of the transverse gravitino can be cosmologically problematic while the abundance of the longitudinal gravitino is small enough. In multi-superfield inflation models (with the stabilizer field), production of the transverse and longitudinal gravitinos is significantly suppressed, and they are cosmologically harmless. We also clarify the relation between the background field method used in the preheating context and the standard perturbative decay method to estimate the gravitino abundance.
description: 47 pages, 3 figures; v3, published version, extended discussions in Section 5 and Appendix B
Anschlussfähigkeit mathematikdidaktischer Überzeugungen von Erzieherinnen und Grundschullehrkräften
Creators: name: Kröger, Rebecca
name: Schuler, Stephanie
name: Wittmann, Gerald
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510

description: Die mathematikdidaktischen Überzeugungen von ErzieherInnen und Grundschullehrkräften gelten als ein wesentlicher Faktor für die Anschlussfähigkeit beider Institutionen. Im BMBF-geförderten Projekt AnschlussM wird in einem bottom-up-Prozess zunächst über Fallstudien und Fachgespräche die Diskurs- und Handlungsebene der Betreffenden erfasst; anschließend werden Items für eine repräsentative Erhebung entwickelt. Der Vortrag präsentiert das Projektdesign sowie erste Ergebnisse der Fallstudien.
Frequency of care and mortality following an incident diagnosis of peripheral artery disease in the inpatient or outpatient setting: The aric (atherosclerosis risk in communities) study
Creators: name: Heiss, G.
name: Matsushita, K.
name: Bengtson, L.G.S.
name: Loehr, L.
name: Kucharska-Newton, A.
name: Wruck, L.
name: Kalbaugh, C.A.
name: Lund, J.L.
Publisher: name: American Heart Association Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Background-—Available health services data for individuals with peripheral artery disease (PAD) are often from studies of those eligible for or undergoing intervention. Knowledge of the frequency of care and mortality following an initial PAD diagnosis by setting (outpatient versus inpatient) is limited and represents an opportunity to provide new benchmark information. Methods and Results-—The purpose of this study was to characterize the frequency of care and mortality following an incident PAD diagnosis in the outpatient or inpatient setting using data from the ARIC (Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities) study cohort linked with Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services fee-for-service claims data (2002–2012). Direct standardization was used to estimate age-standardized rates of encounters and mortality. PAD was defined by billing code in any claim position. We observed 1086 incident PAD cases (873 outpatient, 213 inpatient). At 1 year after diagnosis, participants diagnosed in the outpatient setting had 2.15 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.10–2.21) PAD-related outpatient encounters per person-year, and 6.4% (95% CI, 4.8–8.1) had a PAD-related hospitalization. Conversely, participants diagnosed in the inpatient setting had 1.02 (95% CI, 0.94–1.10) PAD-related outpatient encounters per person-year, and 14.2% (95% CI, 9.3–18.7) had a PAD-related rehospitalization. One-year mortality was 7.1% (95% CI, 5.4–8.7) and 16.0% (95% CI, 11.0–21.1) among those diagnosed in outpatient and inpatient settings, respectively. Conclusions-—This study provides important data estimating frequency of care and mortality by the setting of initial PAD diagnosis. Individuals with PAD are frequent users of health care, and those diagnosed in the inpatient setting have high rates of rehospitalization and mortality.
Assessment of Burden of Common Mental Disorders among HIV Positive Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia: Does HIV Status Disclosure Matter
Creators: name: Gobana, Markos
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Since the first evidence of HIV was detected in 1981, AIDS has claimed the lives of millions and left behind a huge number as orphans. Trend analysis (2001-2013) in Ethiopia showed the number of Adolescents living with HIV in Ethiopia raised from 35,000 to 140,000. Evidences from both developed and developing countries showed that HIV and mental disorders are intertwined; and the prevalence of CMD in people living with HIV is significantly higher than prevalence in general population. Method: Cross-sectional study conducted to assess the magnitude of Common mental disorder among HIV positive adolescents and its relation with HIV status disclosure in four public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Purposive and Simple random sampling techniques employed to select hospitals and recruit restudy participants respectively. Four hundred forty one adolescents included in the sample. Result: The prevalence of common mental disorder is 22.45% among HIV positive Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. We investigated HIV status disclosure is not significantly associated CMDs in adolescents, except one domain (peer relation disorder, AOR 1.88 [1.06, 3.34]. Age AOR 2.12[1.27, 3.54], Female sex AOR 2.06 [1.24, 3.42], unknown parental marital status AOR 5.12 [1.18, 22.27], parental occupation of house wives AOR 4.28 [1.92, 9.54], daily labor AOR 2.59 [1.10, 6.15], and merchants/self-employed were significantly associated with common mental disorders in adolescents. Furthermore, perceived feeling of Stigma AOR 5.08[2.94, 8.80] and Perceived medium AOR 2.15[1.13, 4.10] and poor health status AOR 5.15[2.05, 13.08] were also significantly associated with common mental disorder in adolescents. x Conclusion: The study showed High prevalence of CMD in adolescents; which is disproportionally prevalent in females. Age, Female sex, parental occupation, and marital status, perceived feeling of stigma, and perceived medium and poor health status are independent predictors. Recommendation: To improve the mental health status of the Adolescents with HIV infection; early diagnosis, screening mechanism and treatment of mental disorder is necessary in primary health care settings and need to be integrated into comprehensive HIV care and treatment settings. Furthermore, prospective longitudinal investigations are necessary to elucidate causal factors associated with resilience, onset, and severity of mental disorders in adolescents with HIV infection with similar comparative group.
Swelling induced debonding of thin hydrogel films grafted on silicon substrates
Creators: name: Augustine, Anusree
name: Gauthier, Nicolas
name: Veillerot, Marc
name: Zhu, Banguuo
name: Hui, Chung-Yuen
name: Tran, Yvette
name: Verneuil, Emilie
name: Chateauminois, Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the delamination of thin ($\approx μ$m) hydrogel films grafted to silicon substrates under the action of swelling stresses. Poly(dimetylacrylamide) (PDMA) films are synthesized by simultaneously cross-linking and grafting preformed polymer chains onto the silicon substrate using a thiol-ene reaction. The grafting density at the film/substrate interface is tuned by varying the surface density of reactive thiol-silane groups on the silicon substrate. Delamination of the films from well controlled line defects with low adhesion is monitored under a humid water vapor flow ensuring full saturation of the polymer network. A propagating delamination of the film is observed under the action of differential swelling stresses at the debonding front. A threshold thickness for the onset of this delamination is evidenced which is increasing with grafting density while the debonding velocity is also observed to decrease with an increase in grafting density. These observations are discussed within the framework of a nonlinear fracture mechanics model which assumes that the driving force for crack propagation is the difference between the swelling state of the bonded and delaminated parts of the film. Using this model, the threshold energy for crack initiation was determined from the measured threshold thickness and discussed in relation to the surface density of reactive thiol groups on the substrate.
Amino acid derivatives of 1,4,7-triazacyclononane : synthesis, properties and their use in the preparation of peptides with metal-binding properties
Creators: name: Huth., Stefan Gregor
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Άρση του απορρήτου επικοινωνιών και δικονομική αξιοποίηση των ευρημάτων
Creators: name: Κριτζιώτη, Μαρία Αναστάσιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Απόρρητο
Άρση
Τυχαία ευρήματα
Privacy
Obviation
Random Findings

description: Η διαρκής εξέλιξη της τεχνολογίας στο χώρο των ηλεκτρονικών επικοινωνιών και η καθιέρωση των ψηφιακών δικτύων προσφέρει πλέον τη δυνατότητα ανασύστασης του γεγονότος της τηλεφωνικής επικοινωνίας. Πέρα από τη δυνατότητα καταγραφής του περιεχομένου μιας επικοινωνίας, καθίσταται πλέον εφικτή η ανάσυρση, από τα αρχεία των παρόχων υπηρεσιών ηλεκτρονικών τηλεπικοινωνιών, δεδομένων όπως ο τηλεφωνικός αριθμός καλούντος και καλούμενου χρήστη, ο χρόνος διεξαγωγής της επικοινωνίας, η διάρκεια αυτής ακόμα και ο τόπος, από τον οποίο διενεργήθηκε. Καθίσταται, επομένως, εύκολα αντιληπτό ότι οι κίνδυνοι που δημιουργούνται, για τα θεμελιώδη ατομικά δικαιώματα των κοινωνιών, είναι σημαντικοί, ιδιαίτερα αν ληφθεί υπόψη η πιθανότητα τα δεδομένα αυτά να τεθούν στη διάθεση των διωκτικών αρχών. Ωστόσο, οι έννομες τάξεις αναγνωρίζοντας τη χρησιμότητα των ανωτέρω δεδομένων στο πλαίσιο της καταπολέμησης της εγκληματικότητας, ιδιαίτερα του οργανωμένου εγκλήματος, υιοθετούν τεχνικές, προκειμένου να εξασφαλιστεί η πρόσβαση σε αυτές τις πληροφορίες και η αξιοποίησή τους, αναζητώντας τη χρυσή τομή ανάμεσα στη προστασία των θιγόμενων ατομικών δικαιωμάτων και την αποτελεσματική αντιμετώπιση της εγκληματικότητας. Στην ελληνική έννομη τάξη η σχετική τεχνική συνίσταται στην ανακριτική πράξη της άρσης του απορρήτου των τηλεφωνικών επικοινωνιών. Η έννοια και η φύση της εν λόγω ανακριτικής πράξης, η διαδικασία διεξαγωγής της καθώς και τα αναφυόμενα εξ αυτής ζητήματα αποτελούν το αντικείμενο της παρούσας μεταπτυχιακής διατριβής.
description: Ongoing development of technology in electronic communications and the establishment of digital networks now allows reconstruction of telephone communications. Apart from recording the content of a conversation, it is now possible to retrieve data including the telephone number of the caller and the called person, time and duration of communication, even the place from which the communication took place, from the records of electronic telecommunications service providers. It is thus understood that significant risks arise for the fundamental individual rights of societies, especially if these data are eventually made available to the prosecuting authorities. However, legal orders, recognizing the usefulness of such data in the fight against crime, notably the organized crime, adopt techniques in order to ensure access to this information and utilization thereof, looking for the golden ratio between the protection of affected individual rights and the effective treatment of crime. In the Greek legal order, this technique consists in the investigative act of removal of confidentiality in telephone communications. This Thesis examines the meaning and nature of the investigative act in question, the procedure to conduct it, as well as the issues arising therefrom.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Νομικής (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης)
Fachwissenschaftliche mathematische Kompetenzen von Studierenden für das Lehramt an Grund-, Haupt- oder Realschulen zu Studienbeginn
Creators: name: Riedl, Leonhard
name: Rost, Daniel
name: Schörner, Erwin
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510

description: In einer empirischen Studie wird versucht zu klären, welche mathematischen Kompetenzen Studierende für das Lehramt an Grund-, Haupt- oder Realschulen zu Studienbeginn aufweisen und durch welche erklärenden Variablen diese vorhergesagt werden können. Diese Studie ist Teil einer breit angelegten Untersuchung zu den fachwissenschaftlichen Kenntnissen von Lehramtsstudierenden im nicht vertieft studierten Unterrichtsfach Mathematik an der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München.
Relativistic Gravity Gradiometry: The Mashhoon--Theiss Effect
Creators: name: Bini, Donato
name: Mashhoon, Bahram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, relativistic gravity gradiometry involves the measurement of the relativistic tidal matrix, which is theoretically obtained from the projection of the Riemann curvature tensor onto the orthonormal tetrad frame of an observer. The observer's 4-velocity vector defines its local temporal axis and its local spatial frame is defined by a set of three orthonormal nonrotating gyro directions. The general tidal matrix for the timelike geodesics of Kerr spacetime has been calculated by Marck\cite{Marck}. We are interested in the measured components of the curvature tensor along the inclined "circular" geodesic orbit of a test mass about a slowly rotating astronomical object of mass $M$ and angular momentum $J$. Therefore, we specialize Marck's results to such a "circular" orbit that is tilted with respect to the equatorial plane of the Kerr source. To linear order in $J$, we recover the Mashhoon--Theiss effect, which is due to a small denominator ("resonance") phenomenon involving the frequency of geodetic precession. The Mashhoon--Theiss effect shows up as a special long-period gravitomagnetic part of the relativistic tidal matrix. The physical interpretation of this effect is briefly discussed.
description: 23 pages; revtex macros used; two figures; v2: references added, presentation improved; v3: subsection V(B) added, other additions and improvements
Nonergodic Brownian oscillator: Low-frequency response
Creators: name: Plyukhin, Alex V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An undisturbed Brownian oscillator may not reach thermal equilibrium with the thermal bath due to the formation of a localized normal mode. The latter may emerge when the spectrum of the thermal bath has a finite upper bound $ω_0$ and the oscillator natural frequency exceeds a critical value $ω_c$, which depends on the specific form of the bath spectrum. We consider the response of the oscillator with and without a localized mode to the external periodic force with frequency $Ω$ lower than $ω_0$. The results complement those obtained earlier for the high-frequency response at $Ω\ge ω_0$ and require a different mathematical approach. The signature property of the high-frequency response is resonance when the external force frequency $Ω$ coincides with the frequency of the localized mode $ω_*$. In the low-frequency domain $Ω<ω_0$ the condition of resonance $Ω=ω_*$ cannot be met (since $ω_*>ω_0$). Yet, in the limits $ω\toω_c$ and $Ω\toω_0^-$, the oscillator shows a peculiar quasi-resonance response with an amplitude increasing with time sublinearly.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Effect of nutrition education by health professionals on pregnancy specific nutrition knowledge and practice of pregnant women
Creators: name: Zelalem, Ashenafi
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2016

description: Background: Evidence show that nutrition counseling during pregnancy has significant impact on dietary habit of pregnant women, and on maternal and birth outcome of pregnancy. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends that health care providers need to give adequate, specific and acceptable nutrition related advice to pregnant women during every visit of antenatal care (ANC).However, studies show that health professionals working at antenatal clinics have insufficient knowledge level and do not provide proper nutrition education. As a result, pregnant women are generally ill equipped when it comes to decisions on appropriate nutrition during pregnancy. Objective: Toassess the effect of training health professionals on the knowledge and practice of pregnant women on appropriate nutrition during pregnancy in Akaki Kality Sub-city, Addis Ababa. Methodology: A before-after cohort study was conducted on 406 pregnant women and 24 ANC providers in Akaki Kality Sub-city, Addis Ababa.A training was given to 24 health professionals in 8 health institutions based on prepared module after which they provided ANC clients with nutrition counseling. Knowledge and counseling practice of Health professionals was assessed before training while knowledge and practice of pregnant women on pregnancy specific nutrition was assessed before and after receiving counseling from their trained providers. Data was managed using SPSS 20. Change in knowledge and practice of pregnant women on nutrition during pregnancy was analyzed by using paired t-test and 95% Confidence Interval of proportions. Results: The response rate of this study was 92.3% for health professionals and 95.3% for pregnant women. Two third of ANC providers were knowledgeable on nutrition during pregnancy but only 4.2% practiced good nutrition counseling to their clients. Other pregnant women were the source of information for pregnant women on Nutrition during pregnancy (59.1%). The mean knowledge and practice score of pregnant women was 5.5 (SD +2) out of9 and 6.2 (SD + 2) out of 11 respectively. After the implementation of the nutrition education program the proportion of pregnant women with knowledge on nutrition during pregnancy increased from 53.9 (95%CI: 48.9, 58.8) to 97% (95%CI: 94.8, 98.5) while the pregnancy specific dietary practice of the pregnant women increased from 46.8% (95%CI 41.8, 51.7) to 83.7% (95%CI: 79.8, 87.2). iv Conclusions and Recommendations: ANC providers have fair knowledge on nutrition during pregnancy but were not providing nutrition counseling to pregnant women on ANC follow up visits. Nutrition counseling to pregnant women with trained ANC providers improves knowledge and practice of ANC attendants. So attention should be given to promoting nutrition education at the ANC for pregnant women to get reliable and accurate information from health professionals
Quantum radiation produced by the entanglement of quantum fields
Creators: name: Iso, Satoshi
name: Oshita, Naritaka
name: Tatsukawa, Rumi
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
name: Zhang, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the quantum radiation produced by an Unruh-De Witt detector in a uniformly accelerating motion coupled to the vacuum fluctuations. Quantum radiation is nonvanishing, which is consistent with the previous calculation by Lin and Hu [Phys. Rev. D 73, 124018 (2006)]. We infer that this quantum radiation from the Unruh-De Witt detector is generated by the nonlocal correlation of the Minkowski vacuum state, which has its origin in the entanglement of the state between the left and the right Rindler wedges.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in PRD
Ecological studies on some microbiota of lakes in Western Victoria
Creators: name: Hussainy., Syed Ubaidullah
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Sexual Behavior of Married Military Personnel: Does Duty Location Matter?
Creators: name: Tesfay, Wozam
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2005

description: BACK GROUND Due to the nature of their job military personnel is highly mobile and posted away from their family for extended period of time. As result personnel who are on active military service may be exposed to undesirable sexual behaviors. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the relationship between duty location and sexual behavior of married military personnel. METHODS: This is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted among military personnel in Tigray. Data were collected using self administered questionnaire and FGD from married military personnel RESULTS: Military personnel stationed away from their spouses were more likely to have extra-marital sex than those who were living together with their spouses, adjusted odds ratio is 2.14(1.40, 3.27) Conclusion: Military personnel posted away from their spouse are likely to be engaged in sexually risk behaviors thus appropriate sexual health package including condom promotion and regulation of commercial sex industry need to be strengthened
Astreaks: Astrometry of NEOs with trailed background stars
Creators: name: Sharma, Kritti
name: Kumar, Harsh
name: Choudhary, Harsh
name: Bhalerao, Varun
name: Swain, Vishwajeet
name: Bolin, Bryce
name: Anupama, G. C.
name: Barway, Sudhanshu
name: Joharle, Simran
name: Shenoy, Vedant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection and accurate astrometry of fast-moving near-Earth objects (NEOs) has been a challenge for the follow-up community. Their fast apparent motion results in streaks in sidereal images, thus affecting the telescope's limiting magnitude and astrometric accuracy. A widely adopted technique to mitigate trailing losses is non-sidereal tracking, which transfers the streaking to background reference stars. However, no existing publicly available astrometry software is configured to detect such elongated stars. We present Astreaks, a streaking source detection algorithm, to obtain accurate astrometry of NEOs in non-sidereal data. We validate the astrometric accuracy of Astreaks on 371 non-sidereally tracked images for 115 NEOs with two instrument set-ups of the GROWTH-India Telescope. The observed NEOs had V-band magnitude in the range [15, 22] with proper motion up to 140$^{\prime\prime}$/min, thus resulting in stellar streaks as high as 6.5$^\prime$ (582 pixels) in our data. Our method obtained astrometric solutions for all images with 100% success rate. The standard deviation in Observed-minus-Computed (O-C) residuals is 0.52$^{\prime\prime}$, with O-C residuals <2$^{\prime\prime}$(<1$^{\prime\prime}$) for 98.4% (84.4%) of our measurements. These are appreciable, given the pixel scale of $\sim$0.3$^{\prime\prime}$ and $\sim$0.7$^{\prime\prime}$ of our two instrument set-ups. This demonstrates that our modular and fully-automated algorithm helps improve the telescope system's limiting magnitude without compromising astrometric accuracy by enabling non-sidereal tracking on the target. This will help the NEO follow-up community cope with the accelerated discovery rates and improved sensitivity of the next-generation NEO surveys. Astreaks has been made available to the community under an open-source license.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: Gelenkvierecke
title: Elementare Geometrie in alltäglicher Technik erkennen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Mint, Mareike
Publisher: name: Gesellschaft für Didaktik der Mathematik
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 510

description: In unserer Umgebung finden wir zahlreiche Phänomene kinematischer Art. Manche davon lassen sich schon mit recht elementarer Geometrie erklären. Gelenkvierecke, d.h. vier durch Gelenke miteinander verbundene Stangen, sind ein wichtiges Objekt kinematischer Betrachtungen. In diesem Beitrag sollen einige einfache Aussagen über und Beispiele zu Gelenkvierecken in unserer alltäglichen Umwelt aufgezeigt werden.