cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IMPROVING EXTENSION EFFECTIVENESS FOR ORGANIC CLIENTS: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
Creators: name: Lohr, Luanne
name: Park, Timothy A.
name: Lohr, Luanne
name: Park, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession

description: Responses from a national survey of U.S. organic farmers indicated substantial dissatisfaction with the extension service. An ordered probit model was used to identify the factors influencing effectiveness ratings of extension advisors by farmers. This study showed that part time, higher income organic farmers who used a variety of highly rated private sector information sources rated extension providers as more effective. Farmers in the Northeast and West regions rated extension usefulness more highly than in other regions. Not accounting for these demographic components in effectiveness ratings may result in under- or overestimation of results of organic-targeted extension programs. Extension agents can improve their credibility with organic farmers by complementing educational and technical services offered by the private sector, and by facilitating farmer information exchanges as well as presenting relevant research findings as they have traditionally done.
Mesoptychia badensis L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniaceae
Mesoptychia
Mesoptychia badensis

description: Mesoptychia badensis (Gottsche ex Rabenh.) L.Söderstr. et Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 52, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Jungermannia badensis Gottsche ex Rabenh., Hepat. Eur., Leberm. 9–10: no. 95, 1859 (see Rabenhorst 1859).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Phrase structure and verb movement in Hebrew and English imperatives
Creators: name: Strauss, Uri Neill
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis investigates two questions about imperatives. The first is whether their phrase structure is similar to or different from the phrase structure of declaratives. The second is what the movement properties of imperative verbs are, and whether they are the same as the movement properties of other verb types. Both of these questions are investigated in English and Hebrew. It is shown that Hebrew has three distinct types of syntactic imperatives, each corresponding to a different morphological paradigm - one uniquely imperative, one identical to the future tense, and one identical to the infinitive. A variety of tests in the two languages, including licensing of negative polarity items, occurrence of VP ellipsis, and the presence of a subject/object asymmetry in embedded negatives, provide evidence that imperative phrase structure is essentially the same as the basic phrase structure of declarative clauses familiar from the syntactic literature. To test the extent of verb movement, a three-way distinction in adverb types is proposed, and the position of the verb is determined by its placement relative to each type of adverb. This test shows that in English, imperative verbs move to the same extent that other nonfinite verbs do, while in Hebrew, imperatives have unique movement properties, and are forced to raise higher than finite or infinitive verbs are.
Dynamics of Anderson localization in open 3D media
Creators: name: Skipetrov, S. E.
name: van Tiggelen, B. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a self-consistent theoretical approach to the dynamics of Anderson localization in open three-dimensional (3D) disordered media. The approach allows us to study time-dependent transmission and reflection, and the distribution of decay rates of quasi-modes of 3D disordered slabs near the Anderson mobility edge.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
A Fuzzy Logic Based Algorithm for Finding Astronomical Objects in Wide-Angle Frames
Creators: name: Shamir, Lior
name: Nemiroff, Robert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate automatic identification of astronomical objects in an imperfect world of non-linear wide-angle optics, imperfect optics, inaccurately pointed telescopes, and defect-ridden cameras is not always a trivial first step. In the past few years, this problem has been exacerbated by the rise of digital imaging, providing vast digital streams of astronomical images and data. In the modern age of increasing bandwidth, human identifications are many times impracticably slow. In order to perform an automatic computer-based analysis of astronomical frames, a quick and accurate identification of astronomical objects is required. Such identification must follow a rigorous transformation from topocentric celestial coordinates into image coordinates on a CCD frame. This paper presents a fuzzy logic based algorithm that estimates needed coordinate transformations in a practical setting. Using a training set of reference stars, the algorithm statically builds a fuzzy logic model. At runtime, the algorithm uses this model to associate stellar objects visible in the frames to known-catalogued objects, and generates files that contain photometry information of objects visible in the frame. Use of this algorithm facilitates real-time monitoring of stars and bright transients, allowing identifications and alerts to be issued more reliably. The algorithm is being implemented by the Night Sky Live all-sky monitoring global network and has shown itself significantly more reliable than the previously used non-fuzzy logic algorithm.
description: Accepted for publication in PASA
UNWANTED AGRICULTURAL PESTICIDES: STATE DISPOSAL SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Centner, Terence J.
name: Centner, Terence J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: hazardous waste
subject: pesticide
subject: pesticide collection program
subject: universal waste rule

description: Millions of pounds of unwanted pesticides have accumulated in barns throughout our country. The potential environmental and health risks posed by this situation has garnered public attention and governmental action. The federal government has revised its Universal Waste Rule so that it is easier to dispose of unwanted pesticides rather than simply banned pesticides. Nearly every state has initiated efforts to collect and dispose of accumulated pesticides in a safe manner. While the possession of unwanted pesticides generally is not illegal, producers need to follow requisite legal requirements and dispose of pesticides properly to avoid legal infractions. To assist producers, the implementation of a permanent apparatus is advised for the disposal of unwanted pesticides. Through an evaluation of state collection endeavors, this paper identifies important features that may be offered as initiatives for developing better responses for eliminating sources of potential contamination.
Elliptic Loci of SU(3) Vacua
Creators: name: Aspman, Johannes
name: Furrer, Elias
name: Manschot, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The space of vacua of many four-dimensional, $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories can famously be identified with a family of complex curves. For gauge group $SU(2)$, this gives a fully explicit description of the low-energy effective theory in terms of an elliptic curve and associated modular fundamental domain. The two-dimensional space of vacua for gauge group $SU(3)$ parametrizes an intricate family of genus two curves. We analyze this family using the so-called Rosenhain form for these curves. We demonstrate that two natural one-dimensional subloci of the space of $SU(3)$ vacua, $\mathcal{E}_u$ and $\mathcal{E}_v$, each parametrize a family of elliptic curves. For these elliptic loci, we describe the order parameters and fundamental domains explicitly. The locus $\mathcal{E}_u$ contains the points where mutually local dyons become massless, and is a fundamental domain for a classical congruence subgroup. Moreover, the locus $\mathcal{E}_v$ contains the superconformal Argyres-Douglas points, and is a fundamental domain for a Fricke group.
description: 39 pages + Appendices, 5 figures, v2: minor changes and extended discussion on automorphisms, v3: minor changes, published version
Spin-Orbit Interaction Enabled High-Fidelity Two-Qubit Gates
Creators: name: Qi, Jiaan
name: Liu, Zhi-Hai
name: Xu, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implications of spin-orbit interaction (SOI) for two-qubit gates (TQGs) in semiconductor spin qubit platforms. SOI renders the exchange interaction governing qubit pairs anisotropic, posing a serious challenge for conventional TQGs derived for the isotropic Heisenberg exchange. Starting from microscopic level, we develop a concise computational Hamiltonian that captures the essence of SOI, and use it to derive properties of the rotating-frame time evolutions. Two key findings are made. First, for the controlled-phase/controlled-Z gate, we show and analytically prove the existence of ``SOI nodes'' where the fidelity can be optimally enhanced, with only slight modifications in terms of gate time and local phase corrections. Second, we discover and discuss novel two-qubit dynamics that are inaccessible without SOI -- the reflection gate and the direct controlled-not gate. The relevant conditions and achievable fidelities are studied for the direct controlled-not gate.
Confinement and Superfluidity in one-dimensional Degenerate Fermionic Cold Atoms
Creators: name: Lecheminant, P.
name: Boulat, E.
name: Azaria, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The physical properties of arbitrary half-integer spins $F = N - 1/2$ fermionic cold atoms trapped in a one-dimensional optical lattice are investigated by means of a low-energy approach. Two different superfluid phases are found for $F \ge 3/2$ depending on whether a discrete symmetry is spontaneously broken or not: an unconfined BCS pairing phase and a confined molecular superfluid instability made of $2N$ fermions. We propose an experimental distinction between these phases for a gas trapped in an annular geometry. The confined-unconfined transition is shown to belong to the $Z_N$ generalized Ising universality class. We discuss on the possible Mott phases at $1/2N$ filling.
description: 4 pages, revised version
Mesoptychia bantriensis L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniaceae
Mesoptychia
Mesoptychia bantriensis

description: Mesoptychia bantriensis (Hook.) L.Söderstr. et Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 52, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Jungermannia bantriensis Hook., Brit. Jungerm.: pl. 41, 1813 (see Hooker 1813).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Solving Stochastic Inflation for Arbitrary Potentials
Creators: name: Martin, Jerome
name: Musso, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A perturbative method for solving the Langevin equation of inflationary cosmology in presence of backreaction is presented. In the Gaussian approximation, the method permits an explicit calculation of the probability distribution of the inflaton field for an arbitrary potential, with or without the volume effects taken into account. The perturbative method is then applied to various concrete models namely large field, small field, hybrid and running mass inflation. New results on the stochastic behavior of the inflaton field in those models are obtained. In particular, it is confirmed that the stochastic effects can be important in new inflation while it is demonstrated they are negligible in (vacuum dominated) hybrid inflation. The case of stochastic running mass inflation is discussed in some details and it is argued that quantum effects blur the distinction between the four classical versions of this model. It is also shown that the self-reproducing regime is likely to be important in this case.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Probing quantum effects with classical stochastic analogs
Creators: name: Goerlich, Rémi
name: Manfredi, Giovanni
name: Hervieux, Paul-Antoine
name: Mertz, Laurent
name: Genet, Cyriaque
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to construct a classical analog of an open quantum system, namely a single quantum particle confined in a potential well and immersed in a thermal bath. The classical analog is made out of a collection of identical wells where classical particles of mass $m$ are trapped. The distribution $n(x,t)$ of the classical positions is used to reconstruct the quantum Bohm potential $V_{\rm Bohm} = -\frac{\hbar^2}{2 m} \frac{Δ\sqrt{n}}{\sqrt{n}}$, which in turn acts on the shape of the potential wells. As a result, the classical particles experience an effective "quantum" force. This protocol is tested with numerical simulations using single- and double-well potentials, evidencing typical quantum effects such as long-lasting correlations and quantum tunneling. For harmonic confinement, the analogy is implemented experimentally using micron-sized dielectric beads optically trapped by a laser beam.
Soft theorems in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Mao, Pujian
name: Zhang, Kai-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we derive a soft photon theorem and a soft gluon theorem in the de Sitter spacetime from the Ward identity of the near cosmological horizon large gauge transformation. Taking the flat limit of the de Sitter spacetime, the soft theorems naturally recover the corresponding flat spacetime soft theorems.
description: minor revision with clarification of the horizon antipodal matching, published version
Mesoptychia bantriensis subsp. wallfischii L. Soderstr. et Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Jungermanniaceae
Mesoptychia
Mesoptychia bantriensis
Mesoptychia bantriensis subsp. wallfischii (ştefănuţ) l.söderstr. et váňa,

description: Mesoptychia bantriensis subsp. wallfischii (Ştefănuţ) L.Söderstr. et Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 52, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012e). BASIONYM: Leiocolea bantriensis subsp. wallfischii Ştefănuţ, Hornwort Liverwort Romania: 21, 2008 (see Ştefănuţ 2008).
NOTE: This subspecies also creates the autonym.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 71, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Velocity moments of dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Wojtak, Radoslaw
name: Lokas, Ewa L.
name: Gottloeber, Stefan
name: Mamon, Gary A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using cosmological N-body simulations we study the line-of-sight velocity distribution of dark matter haloes focusing on the lowest-order even moments, dispersion and kurtosis, and their application to estimate the mass profiles of cosmological structures. For each of the ten massive haloes selected from the simulation box we determine the virial mass, concentration and the anisotropy parameter. In order to emulate observations from each halo we choose randomly 300 particles and project their velocities and positions along the line of sight and on the surface of the sky, respectively. After removing interlopers we calculate the profiles of the line-of-sight velocity moments and fit them with the solutions of the Jeans equations. The estimates of virial mass, concentration parameter and velocity anisotropy obtained in this way are in good agreement with the values found from the full 3D analysis.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure, poster contribution to the proceedings of the XXIst IAP Colloquium "Mass Profiles and Shapes of Cosmological Structures", Paris 4-9 July 2005, Editors: G. Mamon, F. Combes, C. Deffayet, B. Fort, EDP Sciences, in press
Identification of Lensed Gravitational Waves with Deep Learning
Creators: name: Kim, Kyungmin
name: Lee, Joongoo
name: Yuen, Robin S. H.
name: Hannuksela, Otto Akseli
name: Li, Tjonnie G. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Similar to light, gravitational waves (GWs) can be lensed. Such lensing phenomena can magnify the waves, create multiple images observable as repeated events, and superpose several waveforms together, inducing potentially discernible patterns on the waves. In particular, when the lens is small, $\lesssim 10^5 M_\odot$, it can produce lensed images with time delays shorter than the typical gravitational-wave signal length that conspire together to form ``beating patterns''. We present a proof-of-principle study utilizing deep learning for identification of such a lensing signature. We bring the excellence of state-of-the-art deep learning models at recognizing foreground objects from background noises to identifying lensed GWs from noise present spectrograms. We assume the lens mass is around $10^3 M_\odot$ -- $10^5 M_\odot$, which can produce the order of millisecond time delays between two images of lensed GWs. We discuss the feasibility of distinguishing lensed GWs from unlensed ones and estimating physical and lensing parameters. Suggested method may be of interest to the study of more complicated lensing configurations for which we do not have accurate waveform templates.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1811

description: Vedrørende utdelning av premier
description: Fra den økonomiske klasse. Framlagt for Direksjonen 22/12, se protokollen s. 25 nr. 3. Polydoc nr. 1: 682.
Energy Distribution associated with Static Axisymmetric Solutions
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Fatima, Tasnim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper has been addressed to a very old but burning problem of energy in General Relativity. We evaluate energy and momentum densities for the static and axisymmetric solutions. This specializes to two metrics, i.e., Erez-Rosen and the gamma metrics, belonging to the Weyl class. We apply four well-known prescriptions of Einstein, Landau-Lifshitz, Papaterou and M$\ddot{o}$ller to compute energy-momentum density components. We obtain that these prescriptions do not provide similar energy density, however momentum becomes constant in each case. The results can be matched under particular boundary conditions.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and SpaceScience
Mackie, Steven G. (hrsg.): Die Entdeckung der jüngeren Kirchen
Creators: name: Buttler, Paul Gerhardt
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 20 Nr. 3 (1971): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 20, Heft 3
The Leeson effect - Phase noise in quasilinear oscillators
Creators: name: Rubiola, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time, and equivalently frequency, is the most precisely measured physical quantity. It is therefore inevitable that virtually all domains of engineering and physics need reference oscillators. The oscillator noise can be decomposed into amplitude noise and phase noise. The latter, far more important, affects timing, for it is related to precision and accuracy of measurements. The oscillator, inherently, turns the phase noise of the internal parts into frequency noise. This is a necessary consequence of the Barkhausen condition, which states that the loop gain must be of one, with zero phase, for stationary oscillation. There follows that oscillator phase noise, which is the integral of the frequency noise, diverges in the long run. This is the Leeson effect. The topics covered can be divided into three parts. Chapter 1 addresses language and general physical mechanisms. Chapter 2 aims at understanding the inside of commercial oscillators through the analysis of the specifications. Chapter 3 and 4 focus on the use of the Laplace transform to describe the oscillator and its phase noise. Since spring 2004, I had the opportunity to give some seminars on noise in oscillators at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, at the IEEE Frequency Control Symposium, at the FEMTO-ST Laboratory, and at the Universite' Henri Poincare'. These seminars had the purpose to provide a TUTORIAL, as opposed to a report on advanced science, addressed to a variety of people including technicians, PhD students, and senior scientists. This booklet derives from these seminars, and from numerous discussions with colleagues.
description: 117 pages, 50 figures, 22 references
Majorana zero modes in twisted transition metal dichalcogenides homobilayers
Creators: name: Luo, Xun-Jiang
name: Qiu, Wen-Xuan
name: Wu, Fengcheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor moiré superlattices provide a highly tunable platform to study the interplay between electron correlation and band topology. For example, the generalized Kane-Mele-Hubbard model can be simulated by the topological moiré flat bands in twisted transition metal dichalcogenides homobilayers. For this system, we obtain the filling factor, twist angle, and electric field-dependent quantum phase diagrams with a plethora of phases, including the quantum spin Hall insulator, the in-plane antiferromagnetic state, the out-of-plane antiferromagnetic Chern insulator, the spin-polarized Chern insulator, the in-plane ferromagnetic state, and the 120$^\circ$ antiferromagnetic state. We predict that a gate-defined junction formed between the quantum spin Hall insulator phase with proximitized superconductivity and magnetic phases with in-plane magnetization (either ferromagnetic or antiferromagnetic) can realize one-dimensional topological superconductor with Majorana zero modes. Our proposal introduces semiconductor moiré homobilayers as an electrically tunable Majorana platform with no need of an external magnetic field.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Forecasting elections results via the voter model with stubborn nodes
Creators: name: Vendeville, Antoine
name: Guedj, Benjamin
name: Zhou, Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper we propose a novel method to forecast the result of elections using only official results of previous ones. It is based on the voter model with stubborn nodes and uses theoretical results developed in a previous work of ours. We look at popular vote shares for the Conservative and Labour parties in the UK and the Republican and Democrat parties in the US. We are able to perform time-evolving estimates of the model parameters and use these to forecast the vote shares for each party in any election. We obtain a mean absolute error of 4.74\%. As a side product, our parameters estimates provide meaningful insight on the political landscape, informing us on the proportion of voters that are strong supporters of each of the considered parties.
Primordial Black Hole Merger Rate in $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Fakhry, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial black holes (PBHs) are known as one of the potential candidates for dark matter. They are expected to have formed due to the direct gravitational collapse of density fluctuations in the early Universe. Therefore, the study of the merger rate of PBHs in modified theories of gravity can provide more detailed information about their abundance. In this work, we delve into the calculation of the merger rate of PBHs within the theoretical framework of $f(R)$ gravity. Our analysis reveals an enhancement in the merger rate of PBHs compared to that obtained from general relativity (GR). Additionally, modulating the field strength $f_{R0}$ induces shifts in the PBH merger rate, presenting a potential observational signature of modified gravity. We also find that the total merger rate of PBHs will be consistent with the merger rate of black holes estimated by the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO)-Virgo-KAGRA detectors if $f_{PBH}\gtrsim 0.1$. While further improvements might be required, relative enhancement of the merger rate of PBHs in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity and its consistency with gravitational wave data underscore the importance of employing modified theories of gravity to examine diverse scenarios related to the formation of black holes.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, references added
Double Dividend with Trade Distortions: Analytical Results and Evidence from Chile
Creators: name: Beghin, John C.
name: Dessus, Sebastien
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Dessus, Sebastien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Double dividend
subject: trade and environment
subject: piecemeal reform
subject: policy coordination
subject: Chile

description: The double-dividend debate evolves around the possibility (or not) of substituting environmental taxes for more distortionary taxes to reduce both pollution degradation and/or damages (the first dividend) and the excess burden of existing taxes (the second dividend), without eroding tax revenues. This paper contributes to the double dividend debate with a formal analysis and some numerical evidence emphasizing trade and environmental distortions. The substitution of environmental taxes for trade distortions has been neglected in the double-dividend debate, which has centered on labor market distortions. Conditions for the existence of a double dividend are derived for different characterizations of preferences and policy menus. We empirically explore the trade/environment double dividend with an applied general equilibrium model of the Chilean economy. The model includes many distortions and a vector of six air pollution effluents, their health incidences and associated damages, which are assumed nonseparable from market goods. Findings suggest solid evidence of a trade/environment double dividend in the case of Chile. Swapping environmental taxes for trade distortions improves welfare. The swap would even pay for itself under the assumption of separable pollution damages from market-good consumption.
Photoemission Electron Microscopy as a tool for the investigation of optical near fields
Creators: name: Cinchetti, M.
name: Gloskovskii, A.
name: Nepjiko, S. A.
name: Schönhense, G.
name: Rochholz, H.
name: Kreiter, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoemission electron microscopy was used to image the electrons photoemitted from specially tailored Ag nanoparticles deposited on a Si substrate (with its native oxide SiO$_{x}$). Photoemission was induced by illumination with a Hg UV-lamp (photon energy cutoff $\hbarω_{UV}=5.0$ eV, wavelength $λ_{UV}=250$ nm) and with a Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser ($\hbarω_{l}=3.1$ eV, $λ_{l}=400$ nm, pulse width below 200 fs), respectively. While homogeneous photoelectron emission from the metal is observed upon illumination at energies above the silver plasmon frequency, at lower photon energies the emission is localized at tips of the structure. This is interpreted as a signature of the local electrical field therefore providing a tool to map the optical near field with the resolution of emission electron microscopy.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures; submitted to Physical Review Letters
Better Aggregation in Test-Time Augmentation
Creators: name: Shanmugam, Divya
name: Blalock, Davis
name: Balakrishnan, Guha
name: Guttag, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Test-time augmentation -- the aggregation of predictions across transformed versions of a test input -- is a common practice in image classification. Traditionally, predictions are combined using a simple average. In this paper, we present 1) experimental analyses that shed light on cases in which the simple average is suboptimal and 2) a method to address these shortcomings. A key finding is that even when test-time augmentation produces a net improvement in accuracy, it can change many correct predictions into incorrect predictions. We delve into when and why test-time augmentation changes a prediction from being correct to incorrect and vice versa. Building on these insights, we present a learning-based method for aggregating test-time augmentations. Experiments across a diverse set of models, datasets, and augmentations show that our method delivers consistent improvements over existing approaches.
Evaluating the Saskatchewan Short-Term Hog Loan Program
Creators: name: Lien, Donald
name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Lien, Donald
name: Hennessy, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: agricultural policy
subject: derivative contract
subject: domestic support
subject: international trade agreements

description: The Saskatchewan short-term hog loan program of 2002 provided a non-market credit line to participating hog producers. The repayment conditions for cash advances committed to by the provincial government depend on later hog prices, and so the program has derivative contract attributes. We model the contracts and use an estimated spot price stochastic process to establish summary statistics for producer benefits from the program.
Guided-Wave Sagnac Atom Interferometer with Large Area and Multiple Orbits
Creators: name: Beydler, M.
name: Moan, E. R.
name: Luo, Z.
name: Chu, Z.
name: Sackett, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a matter-wave Sagnac interferometer using Bose condensed atoms confined in a time-orbiting potential trap. Compared to our previous implementation [Moan et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 124, 120403 (2020)], our new apparatus provides better thermal stability, improved optical access, and reduced trap anharmonicity. The trapping field can be adjusted to compensate for small tilts of the apparatus in gravity. These features enable operation with an effective Sagnac area of 4 mm^2 per orbit, and we observe interference with 25% visibility after two orbits at a total interrogation time of 0.6 s. Long-term measurements indicate a phase stability of 0.2 rad or better.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Thermodynamic modeling of phase separation in manganites
Creators: name: Sacanell, J.
name: Parisi, F.
name: Campoy, J. C. P.
name: Ghivelder, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a phenomenological model based on the thermodynamics of the phase separated state of manganites, accounting for its static and dynamic properties. Through calorimetric measurements on La$_{0.225}$Pr$_{0.40}$Ca$ _{0.375}$MnO$_{3}$ the low temperature free energies of the coexisting ferromagnetic and charge ordered phases are evaluated. The phase separated state is modeled by free energy densities uniformly spread over the sample volume. The calculations contemplate the out of equilibrium features of the coexisting phase regime, to allow a comparison between magnetic measurements and the predictions of the model. A phase diagram including the static and dynamic properties of the system is constructed, showing the existence of blocked and unblocked regimes which are characteristics of the phase separated state in manganites.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. B
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: VS
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1812

description: Rundskriv: instruks for reise i "de nordlige Egne i naturvidenskabelig og antiqvarisk Hensigt"
description: Se kopibok nr. 39 s. 23-25. Polydoc nr. 1: 1136. Polydoc nr. 2: 534.
Why reducing the cosmic sound horizon alone can not fully resolve the Hubble tension
Creators: name: Jedamzik, Karsten
name: Pogosian, Levon
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mismatch between the locally measured expansion rate of the universe and the one inferred from the cosmic microwave background measurements by Planck in the context of the standard $Λ$CDM, known as the Hubble tension, has become one of the most pressing problems in cosmology. A large number of amendments to the $Λ$CDM model have been proposed in order to solve this tension. Many of them introduce new physics, such as early dark energy, modifications of the standard model neutrino sector, extra radiation, primordial magnetic fields or varying fundamental constants, with the aim of reducing the sound horizon at recombination $r_{\star}$. We demonstrate here that any model which only reduces $r_{\star}$ can never fully resolve the Hubble tension while remaining consistent with other cosmological datasets. We show explicitly that models which achieve a higher Hubble constant with lower values of matter density $Ω_m h^2$ run into tension with the observations of baryon acoustic oscillations, while models with larger $Ω_mh^2$ develop tension with galaxy weak lensing data.
description: 7 pages (including appendices), 3 figures; v2: improved clarity and organization of the presentation, added appendices with expanded description of the methods, improved the figures and added references, matches the version accepted for publication in Communications Physics
Semi-fermionic representation for spin systems under equilibrium and non-equilibrium conditions
Creators: name: Kiselev, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general derivation of semi-fermionic representation for spin operators in terms of a bilinear combination of fermions in real and imaginary time formalisms. The constraint on fermionic occupation numbers is fulfilled by means of imaginary Lagrange multipliers resulting in special shape of quasiparticle distribution functions. We show how Schwinger-Keldysh technique for spin operators is constructed with the help of semi-fermions. We demonstrate how the idea of semi-fermionic representation might be extended to the groups possessing dynamic symmetries (e.g. singlet/triplet transitions in quantum dots). We illustrate the application of semi-fermionic representations for various problems of strongly correlated and mesoscopic physics.
description: Review article, 40 pages, 11 figures
Greenhouse Gas Mitigation through Energy Crops in the United States with Implications for Asian-Pacific Countries
Creators: name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
name: Schneider, Uwe A.
name: McCarl, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: abatement supply curves
subject: Agricultural Sector Model
subject: biofuel offsets
subject: energy crops
subject: greenhouse gas emission mitigation
subject: mathematical programming
subject: poplar
subject: sensitivity analysis
subject: switchgrass
subject: willow

description: Agriculture-based biofuels have the potential to replace fossil fuels, thereby offsetting greenhouse gas emissions. We estimate emission abatement supply curves from energy crops switchgrass, hybrid poplar, and willow under a wide range of sectorwide greenhouse gas emission reduction incentives in U.S. agriculture. The Agricultural Sector Model employed captures market interactions of biofuel production with traditional agricultural production and with alternative emission mitigation strategies. U.S. results suggest an increasing importance of biomass-based electricity for carbon mitigation incentives above an economic threshold of $50 per ton. At incentive levels of $170 per ton and higher, emission offsets from energy crops provide the highest net emission reduction among all agricultural options. To extrapolate U.S. findings and assess the economic viability of energy crops in Asian Pacific countries, we conducted a sensitivity analysis on key parameters of the U.S. model. We find implementation of energy crops to be highly sensitive to biomass yields and agricultural land base. While U.S. crop yields can be matched in warm tropical climates, the available agricultural land base per capita is much smaller in most Asian-Pacific countries.
Lateral resistance of traditional Japanese post-and-beam frames under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions
Creators: name: Stefanescu, Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Full-scale tests were conducted on three types of traditional Japanese post-and-beam wall frames (2-Brace, 4-Brace and OSB sheathed frames) to determine the lateral loading resistance under monotonic and cyclic loading procedures. Twelve tests were conducted on 2.62 x 2.70 m frames, constructed with British Columbia Hem-fir timber and oriented strand board panels as sheathing (JIS - Japanese grade) provided by Ainsworth Lumber Ltd. Five specimens were tested monotonically using a loading rate of 0.13 mm/sec and seven specimens were tested cyclically using various loading protocols (UBC, UBC - modified and MOC). The ultimate loads measured in the monotonic tests were close to those measured in the cyclic tests but the corresponding displacements were much smaller for the cyclic tests in comparison with the monotonic tests. The experimental results showed the influence of the various cyclic loading procedures on the structural performance of the post-and-beam frames. The MOC-protocol induced a slightly lower capacity in comparison with the UBC-protocol. The 2-Brace and 4-Brace frames experienced higher initial stiffness and higher loads under lateral loading but they were relatively brittle systems. The sill failed in tension perpendicular to grain due to the fact that the nails from the metal plates used for the sill-post connection created a zone of concentrated tension perpendicular to grain stresses in the sill. In comparison with the 4-Brace frames the OSB frames experienced lower peak load but a substantially higher ductility. The results of this project suggest that the connectors used for these types of frames can be improved to obtain higher capacity and higher ductility.
Unusually thick metal-insulator domain walls around the Mott point
Creators: name: Suárez-Villagrán, M. Y.
name: Mitsakos, N.
name: Lee, Tsung-Han
name: Miller,, J. H.
name: Miranda, E.
name: Dobrosavljević, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many Mott systems feature a first-order metal-insulator transition at finite temperatures, with an associated phase coexistence region displaying inhomogeneities and local phase separation. Here one typically finds "bubbles" or domains of the respective phases, which are separated by surprisingly thick, or fat, domain walls, as revealed both by imaging experiments and recent theoretical modeling. To gain insight into this unexpected behavior, we perform a systematic model study of the structure of such metal-insulator domain walls around the Mott point, within the dynamical mean-field theory framework. Our study reveals that a mechanism producing such "fat" domain walls can be traced to strong magnetic frustration, which is expected to be a robust feature of "spin-liquid" Mott systems.
Correcting Motion Distortion for LIDAR HD-Map Localization
Creators: name: McDermott, Matthew
name: Rife, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Because scanning-LIDAR sensors require finite time to create a point cloud, sensor motion during a scan warps the resulting image, a phenomenon known as motion distortion or rolling shutter. Motion-distortion correction methods exist, but they rely on external measurements or Bayesian filtering over multiple LIDAR scans. In this paper we propose a novel algorithm that performs snapshot processing to obtain a motion-distortion correction. Snapshot processing, which registers a current LIDAR scan to a reference image without using external sensors or Bayesian filtering, is particularly relevant for localization to a high-definition (HD) map. Our approach, which we call Velocity-corrected Iterative Compact Ellipsoidal Transformation (VICET), extends the well-known Normal Distributions Transform (NDT) algorithm to solve jointly for both a 6 Degree-of-Freedom (DOF) rigid transform between two LIDAR scans and a set of 6DOF motion states that describe distortion within the current LIDAR scan. Using experiments, we show that VICET achieves significantly higher accuracy than NDT or Iterative Closest Point (ICP) algorithms when localizing a distorted raw LIDAR scan against an undistorted HD Map. We recommend the reader explore our open-source code and visualizations at https://github.com/mcdermatt/VICET, which supplements this manuscript.
Collecting data: Ethical issues
Creators: name: Mhic Mhathuna, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: This Webinar is organized by the Multilingual Childhoods / REYLL research network Committee (Responsible: Dr. Fatma Said, Assistant Professor in Applied Linguistics at Zayed University, UAE) In our third online webinar we invite esteemed researchers and scholars who focus on researching young children’s language learning and their reflections on their learning process. Although, there is much research on children rarely is there an opportunity for students, early career scholars and researchers to meet and discuss tried and tested approaches to the topic, as well as possible future approaches. Much information in books does not allow for questions to be posed or for researchers to share actual experiences in an easy-to-access manner. Importantly, the invited speakers also cover issues of ethics and methodologies, which usually pose a challenge to researchers and having access to such a discussion is usually difficult. Hence, this unique webinar will create a space of discussion and learning by asking two central questions: “What can we learn from doing research with children as active agents?” and “What are ethical issues in studying children’s beliefs and reflections on their learning process?”
HCN and HCO+ Observations of the Galactic Circumnuclear Disk
Creators: name: Christopher, M. H.
name: Scoville, N. Z.
name: Stolovy, S. R.
name: Yun, Min S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial resolution (5.1" x 2.7") OVRO millimeter array observations of HCN (J=1-0) and HCO+ (J=1-0) emission in the inner 3 pc of the galaxy. The HCN and HCO+ emission of the circumnuclear disk (CND) is distributed in a well-defined ring with a peak at a radius of 1.6pc. The HCO+/HCN emission ratio is typically ~0.4 but with significant variations. The HCN emission is well correlated with the H_2 emission at 2.12 microns both in the main emission lobes of the CND and also in four filaments. Multiple areas of interaction between the ionized gas and the CND are also seen - the western arm of the minispiral is spatially and kinematically consistent with being the ionized inner edge of the CND, and the northern arm may be connected to the CND northeastern extension. With the enhanced spatial resolution of the HCN map, we resolve numerous dense molecular gas cores within the CND with characteristic diameter of 7" (0.25pc). For 26 of the more isolated cores, we measure sizes, velocity widths, and integrated fluxes. We estimate three masses for each core: a virial mass, an optically thick mass, and a lower limit mass assuming optically thin HCN emission. The virial and optically thick masses are in good agreement with a typical mass of (2-3)x10^4 M_sun and a total CND gas mass of 10^6 M_sun. The internal densities implied by these core masses are on average (3-4)x10^7 cm^-3, high enough to be stable against tidal disruption from Sgr A* and the central stellar concentration. This tidal stability suggests a longer lifetime for the CND. The higher densities and masses within the cores might support star formation either in the CND itself or within a core infalling toward the inner parsec, thus providing a mechanism for the formation of the young stellar population in the inner arcseconds of the galaxy.
description: 43 pages with 16 figures, Accepted for publication in March 20, 2005 ApJ; High-resolution figures available at: http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~mc/cnd.html