cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The FourStar Galaxy Evolution Survey (ZFOURGE): ultraviolet to far-infrared catalogs, medium-bandwidth photometric redshifts with improved accuracy, stellar masses, and confirmation of quiescent galaxies to z~3.5
Creators: name: Straatman, Caroline M. S.
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Quadri, Ryan F.
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Persson, S. Eric
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Cowley, Michael
name: Tomczak, Adam
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Alcorn, Leo
name: Allen, Rebecca
name: Broussard, Adam
name: van Dokkum, Pieter
name: Forrest, Ben
name: van Houdt, Josha
name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Kawinwanichakij, Lalitwadee
name: Kelson, Daniel D.
name: Lee, Janice
name: McCarthy, Patrick J.
name: Mehrtens, Nicola
name: Monson, Andrew
name: Murphy, David
name: Rees, Glen
name: Tilvi, Vithal
name: Whitaker, Katherine E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FourStar galaxy evolution survey (ZFOURGE) is a 45 night legacy program with the FourStar near-infrared camera on Magellan and one of the most sensitive surveys to date. ZFOURGE covers a total of $400\ \mathrm{arcmin}^2$ in cosmic fields CDFS, COSMOS and UDS, overlapping CANDELS. We present photometric catalogs comprising $>70,000$ galaxies, selected from ultradeep $K_s$-band detection images ($25.5-26.5$ AB mag, $5σ$, total), and $>80\%$ complete to $K_s<25.3-25.9$ AB. We use 5 near-IR medium-bandwidth filters ($J_1,J_2,J_3,H_s,H_l$) as well as broad-band $K_s$ at $1.05\ - 2.16\ μm$ to $25-26$ AB at a seeing of $\sim0.5$". Each field has ancillary imaging in $26-40$ filters at $0.3-8\ μm$. We derive photometric redshifts and stellar population properties. Comparing with spectroscopic redshifts indicates a photometric redshift uncertainty $σ_z={0.010,0.009}$, and 0.011 in CDFS, COSMOS, and UDS. As spectroscopic samples are often biased towards bright and blue sources, we also inspect the photometric redshift differences between close pairs of galaxies, finding $σ_{z,pairs}= 0.01-0.02$ at $1\times15$.
description: 39 pages, 35 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, full data release available at http://zfourge.tamu.edu/
Role of matter in extended quasidilaton massive gravity
Creators: name: Gumrukcuoglu, A. Emir
name: Koyama, Kazuya
name: Mukohyama, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extended quasidilaton theory is one of the simplest Lorentz-invariant massive gravity theories which can accommodate a stable self-accelerating vacuum solution. In this paper we revisit this theory and study the effect of matter fields. For a matter sector that couples minimally to the physical metric, we find hints of a Jeans type instability in the IR. In the analogue k-essence field set-up, this instability manifests itself as an IR ghost for the scalar field perturbation, but this can be interpreted as a classical instability that becomes relevant below some momentum scale in terms of matter density perturbations. We also consider the effect of the background evolution influenced by matter on the stability of the gravity sector perturbations. In particular, we address the previous claims of ghost instability in the IR around the late time attractor. We show that, although the matter-induced modification of the evolution potentially brings tension to the stability conditions, one goes beyond the regime of validity of the effective theory well before the solutions become unstable. We also draw attention to the fact that the IR stability conditions are also enforced by the existence requirements of consistent background solutions.
description: 17 pages, accepted for publication in PRD
Preservation and use: in search of reconciliation : a micro study of adaptation of land use controls based on conservation philosophies
Creators: name: Ellingworth, Gwen E.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Computation of dynamical correlation functions for many fermion systems with auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Vitali, Ettore
name: Shi, Hao
name: Qin, Mingpu
name: Zhang, Shiwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the calculation of dynamical correlation functions for many fermion systems at zero temperature, using the auxiliary-field quantum Monte Carlo method. The two-dimensional Hubbard hamiltonian is used as a model system. Although most of the calculations performed here are for cases where the sign problem is absent, the discussions are kept general for applications to physical problems when the sign problem does arise. We study the use of twisted boundary conditions to improve the extrapolation of the results to the thermodynamic limit. A strategy is proposed to drastically reduce finite size effects relying on a minimization among the twist angles. This approach is demonstrated by computing the charge gap at half-filling. We obtain accurate results showing the scaling of the gap with the interaction strength $U$, connecting to the scaling of the unrestricted Hartree-Fock method at small $U$ and Bethe Ansatz exact result in one dimension at large $U$. A new algorithm is then proposed to compute dynamical Green functions and correlation functions which explicitly varies the number of particles during the random walks in the manifold of Slater determinants. In dilute systems, such as ultracold Fermi gases, this algorithm enables calculations with much more favorable complexity, with computational cost proportional to basis size or the number of lattice sites.
description: Published version. 13 pages, 11 figures
Erwartungen eines Unterstufen-Elternrates an die schulischen Elterngespräche – und ihr Zusammenhang mit einem ungenutzten, von der Schule unabhängigen telefonischen Schulberatungsangebot
Creators: name: Schmid-Feuz, Edith
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Schulische Heilpädagogik
Masterarbeit

description: Was erwarten Eltern von Elterngesprächen? Warum nutzt niemand ein von der Schule unabhängiges telefonisches Schulberatungsangebot? Sequenzen aus einer Gruppendiskussion mit einem Unterstufen – Elternrat wurden durch eine Personengruppe rekonstruktiv-hermeneutisch analysiert. Bedeutungszusammenhänge zwischen den Erwartungen der Eltern und dem unabhängigen Angebot werden aufgezeigt: Es werden eine offene und ehrliche Standortbestimmung im Vergleich mit der Klasse und Schutz vor Verletzungen erwartet. Die Anwesenheit des Kindes am Elterngespräch erzeugt für die Eltern ein Spannungsfeld zwischen Offenheit, Ehrlichkeit und Verletzungsgefahr. Die Eltern nutzen vielfältige Gesprächsmöglichkeiten an der Schule. Der Schulleiter wird wenn nötig als Vermittler zugezogen. Vom unabhängigen Schulberatungsangebot wird kein praktischer Umsetzungsnutzen erwartet.
Investigation of Multi-Stage Evaporation and Wave Multiplicity of Two-Phase Rotating Detonation Waves Fueled by Ethanol
Creators: name: Li, Jianghong
name: Lei, Ying
name: Yao, Songbai
name: Yu, Jingtian
name: Li, Jingzhe
name: Zhang, Wenwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, a numerical investigation based on the Eulerian-Lagrangian model is conducted to explore a rotating detonation engine (RDE) fueled by liquid ethanol. The focus is on examining the characteristic phenomena of the two-phase rotating detonation wave (RDW) caused by droplet evaporation and varying inlet conditions. To enhance the evaporation of liquid fuel, pre-heated air is used, and both liquid and pre-vaporized ethanol are simultaneously injected. The distribution of ethanol droplets reveals an initial concentration near the injection surface and accumulation in the fuel-refill zone. Here, liquid droplets gradually evaporate after absorbing latent heat from the surrounding gas. The subsequent interactions between the evaporating droplets and the RDW vary with the droplet size. For droplets with diameters of $d_0$ = 5-15 $μ$m, after being swept by the RDW, a secondary evaporation process occurs, leading to an enlargement of the width of the reaction zone. However, the chemical reactions still predominantly take place in close proximity to the detonation front. As further increases, droplet evaporation persists in the post-detonation expansion zone over a long distance until the remaining droplets are fully evaporated and eventually burned in this region. The study also analyzes the extinction of rotating detonations and the emergence of new detonation waves resulting from local explosions and consequent shock collisions. It is demonstrated that variations in the diameter of injected droplets and inlet temperature can lead to different operating modes with varying numbers of RDWs.
Spectral Properties of Cool Stars: Extended Abundance Analysis of 1617 Planet Search Stars
Creators: name: Brewer, John M.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Valenti, Jeff A.
name: Piskunov, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a catalog of uniformly determined stellar properties and abundances for 1626 F, G, and K stars using an automated spectral synthesis modeling procedure. All stars were observed using the HIRES spectrograph at Keck Observatory. Our procedure used a single line list to fit model spectra to observations of all stars to determine effective temperature, surface gravity, metallicity, projected rotational velocity, and the abundances of 15 elements (C, N, O, Na, Mg, Al, Si, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, & Y). Sixty percent of the sample had Hipparcos parallaxes and V-band photometry which we combined with the spectroscopic results to obtain mass, radius, and luminosity. Additionally, we used the luminosity, effective temperature, metallicity and alpha-element enhancement to interpolate in the Yonsei-Yale isochrones to derive mass, radius, gravity, and age ranges for those stars. Finally, we determined new relations between effective temperature and macroturbulence for dwarfs and subgiants. Our analysis achieved precisions of 25 K in Teff , 0.01 dex in [M/H], 0.028 dex for log g and 0.5 km/s in v sin ibased on multiple observations of the same stars. The abundance results were similarly precise, between 0.01 and - 0.04 dex, though trends with respect to Teff remained for which we derived empirical corrections. The trends, though small, were much larger than our uncertainties and are shared with published abundances. We show that changing our model atmosphere grid accounts for most of the trend in [M/H] between 5000 K and 5500 K indicating a possible problem with the atmosphere models or opacities.
description: 41 pages, 23 figures, 11 tables, accepted for publication in ApJS
Die zweijährige Grundbildung mit eidgenössischem Berufsattest im Gastgewerbe – Massnahmen zur Erhöhung des Lehrstellenangebots
Creators: name: Schmid, Annemarie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Sonderpädagogik
Schulische Heilpädagogik
Masterarbeit

description: Seit 2005 werden im Gastgewerbe Lernende ausgebildet, die ihre Ausbildung mit einem eidgenössischen Berufsattest (EBA) abschliessen. Trotz guter Einsatzmöglichkeiten, sowohl für EBA-Lernende als auch für Berufsleute mit einem EBA-Abschluss, beschränken sich viele Gastrolehrbetriebe auf Lernende, die eine dreijährige Grundbildung absolvieren. Ziel dieser Masterarbeit war die Einflussfaktoren auf das Angebot von EBA-Grundbildungen im Gastgewerbe aufzuzeigen. Dazu wurden alle aktiven Gastrolehrbetriebe im Kanton Zürich mit Hilfe eines Online-Fragebogens befragt und die Daten quantitativ ausgewertet. Die Resultate zu den Ausbildungsgründen zeigen, dass Betriebe EBA-Lernende insbesondere aus sozialen Motiven ausbilden. Wirtschaftliche Überlegungen scheinen vor allem bei Lehrbetrieben ohne EBA-Angebot eine Rolle zu spielen. In Bezug auf Massnahmen zur Erhöhung des Lehrstellenangebots im Bereich EBA sind sich die Lehrbetriebe einig. Sie wünschen sich mehr Unterstützung für die Berufsbildenden sowie für die Lernenden selbst.
Assessment of the free health care provision system In Northern Ethiopia
Creators: name: Engida, Endale
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1999

description: Exemptions from user charges have proven to be very hard to implement in those countries that have adopted them. Poor screening mechanisms have been the main reason for the difficulty of identifying those patients who are able to pay for granting free care services from those that don't have the ability. This is a result of a cross sectional descriptive study that compared the characteristics of free patients with those paying at the analysis stage in the northern part of Ethiopia. In addition, it has assessed the presence and extent of under coverage and leakage in the provision of free health services. The study utilized a multistage sampling method for the household survey and systematic random sampling for exit interview. In addition, kebele free treatment letter writers, and health institution administrators were purposively selected to fulfil the study objectives. According to the results of the study, provision of free health care represented for more than half (52.4%) of government health expenditure in the area. Even though the problem of under coverage and leakage was not very high, there was no statistical significant association between low income and getting free care in rural public health institutions. Proper registration of free treatment provision seemed to be the most important mechanism for the system to function efficiently. Even though most health institutions have registration books for recording free treatment, they were not properly using them. As Ethiopia is one of the countries that attempts to ensure access to health care by the poor, the results of this study wi ll help to have better understanding of the issues regarding the proper implementation of waiver and exemption mechanisms.
Fabrication of superhydrophobic surface by spraying hydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles on partially cured polyurethane paint
Creators: name: G, Kavya
name: RV, Lakshmi
name: RPS, Chakradhar
name: ST, Aruna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biophysics
Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: There is an increasing demand for superhydrophobic surfaces due to their unique properties like self-cleaning, anti-icing, corrosion resistance, etc. The development of polyurethane (PU)-based superhydrophobic coating has garnered significant attention for aircraft applications. Polyurethane (PU) topcoat is widely used in aircraft and is hydrophilic in nature with a water contact angle (WCA) of 75 ± 3°. In the present work, a hydrophilic PU clear coat on aircraft-grade aluminum substrate is transformed to a superhydrophobic (SHP) surface by spraying environmentally friendly hydrophobically modified silica nanoparticles (HSiNps) oonto a PU layer that was partially cured in a hot air oven at 60°C for 1.5 h. The SHP surface exhibited a WCA of 162 ± 3° and a sliding angle (SA) of 8 ± 3°. With the incorporation of HSiNps, micro – nano dual-scale surface roughness is created and the surface roughness of the PU coating is increased from 0.35 to 2.42 µm. The coating exhibits good adhesion (5B) with excellent water repelling property and remains thermally stable and superhydrophobic even after subjecting it to 100°C for one week. Durability of the coatings is studied by immersing the coatings in various liquids. The retention of superhydrophobic property after anti-fogging, water sprinkler, and sand paper abrasion tests further demonstrate the robustness of the coating. Polyurethane-based SHP coating is prepared using hydrophobized silica nanoparticles.Partially cured polyurethane coating help in grafting of silica nanoparticles on to the surface.The coatings are durable to heat, solvents, corrosive liquids and sand paper abrasion Polyurethane-based SHP coating is prepared using hydrophobized silica nanoparticles. Partially cured polyurethane coating help in grafting of silica nanoparticles on to the surface. The coatings are durable to heat, solvents, corrosive liquids and sand paper abrasion
Nonlocal modification of the Kerr metric
Creators: name: Frolov, Valeri P.
name: Soto, Jose Pinedo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present paper, we discuss a nonlocal modification of the Kerr metric. Our starting point is the Kerr-Schild form of the Kerr metric $g_{μν}=η_{μν}+Φl_μl_μ$. Using Newman's approach we identify a shear free null congruence $\boldsymbol{l}$ with the generators of the null cone with apex at a point $p$ in the complex space. The Kerr metric is obtained if the potential $Φ$ is chosen to be a solution of the flat Laplace equation for a point source at the apex $p$. To construct the nonlocal modification of the Kerr metric we modify the Laplace operator $\triangle$ by its nonlocal version $\exp(-\ell^2\triangle)\triangle$. We found the potential $Φ$ in such an infinite derivative (nonlocal) model and used it to construct the sought-for nonlocal modification of the Kerr metric. The properties of the rotating black holes in this model are discussed. In particular, we derived and numerically solved the equation for a shift of the position of the event horizon due to nonlocality.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Coastal crown land management : Inverloch and Venus Bay
Creators: name: Harris, I.F.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Stueckelberg massive electromagnetism in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes: Two-point functions and renormalized stress-energy tensors
Creators: name: Belokogne, Andrei
name: Folacci, Antoine
name: Queva, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By considering Hadamard vacuum states, we first construct the two-point functions associated with Stueckelberg massive electromagnetism in de Sitter and anti-de Sitter spacetimes. Then, from the general formalism developed in [A. Belokogne and A. Folacci, Phys. Rev. D \textbf{93}, 044063 (2016)], we obtain an exact analytical expression for the vacuum expectation value of the renormalized stress-energy tensor of the massive vector field propagating in these maximally symmetric spacetimes.
description: v2:Typos corrected. Minor changes to match the published version
On interdependent preferences and sequential structures in rent-seeking contests
Creators: name: Guse, Tobias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Endogenous order of moves
subject: Game theory
subject: Interdependent preferences
subject: Rent-seeking
subject: 330

description: The work focuses on two different extensions to the standard rent-seeking model by Gordon Tullock (1980). The first part analyzes the effects of changing the objection function of players in a rent-seeking contest. If players do not only focus on their own payoff, but also on the payoff of their competitors, individual payoff maximization does not yield the highest absolute payoff. Instead, relative payoff maximization yields a higher payoff. The second part focuses on the question of endogenous order of moves. While Leininger (1993) showed for rent-seeking contests with two player that the player with higher valuation will always move later, this work finds for rent-seeking contests with more than two players, that simultaneous moves can occur in a subgame-perfect equilibrium even for heterogenous players, as long as the equilibrium effort of the player with highest valuation does not exceed aggregate equilibrium effort of her opponents (in both the simultaneous and respective sequential subgame). Therefore, the assumption of simultaneous moves can be justified as subgame-perfect for a large set of contests.
Cavity-induced generation of non-trivial topological states in a two-dimensional Fermi gas
Creators: name: Sheikhan, Ameneh
name: Brennecke, Ferdinand
name: Kollath, Corinna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose how topologically non-trivial states can dynamically organize in a fermionic quantum gas which is confined to a two-dimensional optical lattice potential and coupled to the field of an optical cavity. The spontaneously emerging cavity field induces together with coherent pump laser fields a dynamical gauge field for the atoms. Upon adiabatic elimination of the cavity degree of freedom, the system is described by an effective Hofstadter model with a self-consistency condition which determines the tunneling amplitude along the cavity direction. The fermions are found to self-organize into topologically non-trivial states which carry an extended edge state for a finite system size. Due to the dissipative nature of the cavity field, the topological steady states are protected from external perturbations.
Assessment of magnitude and factors affecting nutritional status of HIV infected under-five children at five public hospitals in Addis Ababa and its programmatic implication
Creators: name: Mekonnen, Atnafu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2014

description: Background: Even though malnutrition can affect any child who is at risk, HIV infected children are at a greater risk to have malnutrition due to the synergistic relationship between infection and malnutrition. Objective: to assess factors affecting nutritional status of HIV infected under-five children at five public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Methods: the research was conducted at five public hospitals in Addis Ababa using a cross-sectional research design and data was collected from June 3 to September 20, 2013. Using simple random sampling method 243 under five HIV infected children were included in the study. A structured questionnaire was used for data collection and data was analyzed by running simple frequencies, odds ratio and binary logistic regression. Result: The prevalence of underweight, stunting and Global Acute Malnutrition among the children were 15.4%, 62.1% and 2.5% respectively. Under multivariate analysis CD4 percentage equal to or above 25% was protective of stunting while always not having enough food in the family of the child was significant in the model for predicting stunting. Maternal age from 36-49 years old was found to be protective of being underweight while being a girl was protective of wasting. Conclusion and recommendation: the magnitude of chronic malnutrition in the HIV infected under five children having follow up in the five public hospitals was very high which can affect survival. It needs intervention by addressing the food insecurity and CD4 percentage value of the child which were related to it.
Protostellar Interferometric Line Survey of the Cygnus-X region (PILS-Cygnus) -- The role of the external environment in setting the chemistry of protostars
Creators: name: van der Walt, S. J.
name: Kristensen, L. E.
name: Calcutt, H.
name: Jørgensen, J. K.
name: Garrod, R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Molecular lines are commonly detected towards protostellar sources. However, to get a better understanding of the chemistry of these sources we need unbiased molecular surveys over a wide frequency range for as many sources as possible to shed light on the origin of this chemistry, particularly any influence from the external environment. We present results from the PILS-Cygnus survey of ten intermediate- to high-mass protostellar sources in the nearby Cygnus-X complex, through high angular resolution interferometric observations over a wide frequency range. Using the Submillimeter Array (SMA), a spectral line survey of ten sources was performed in the frequency range 329-361 GHz, with an angular resolution of $\sim$1\farcs5, ($\sim$2000 AU, source distance of 1.3 kpc). Spectral modelling was performed to identify molecular emission and determine column densities and excitation temperatures for each source. We detect CH$_3$OH towards nine of the ten sources, CH$_3$OCH$_3$ and CH$_3$OCHO towards three sources, and CH$_3$CN towards four sources. Towards five sources the chemistry is spatially differentiated (different species peak at different positions and are offset from the peak continuum emission). The chemical properties of each source do not correlate with their position in the Cygnus-X complex, nor do the distance or direction to the nearest OB associations. However, the five sources located in the DR21 filament do appear to show less line emission compared to the five sources outside the filament. This work shows how important wide frequency coverage observations are combined with high angular resolution observations for studying the protostellar environment. Based on the ten sources observed here, the external environment appears to only play a minor role in setting the chemical environment on these small scales ($<$ 2000 AU).
description: 19 pages, 77 pages appendices
Frequency Disentangled Features in Neural Image Compression
Creators: name: Zafari, Ali
name: Khoshkhahtinat, Atefeh
name: Mehta, Piyush
name: Saadabadi, Mohammad Saeed Ebrahimi
name: Akyash, Mohammad
name: Nasrabadi, Nasser M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design of a neural image compression network is governed by how well the entropy model matches the true distribution of the latent code. Apart from the model capacity, this ability is indirectly under the effect of how close the relaxed quantization is to the actual hard quantization. Optimizing the parameters of a rate-distortion variational autoencoder (R-D VAE) is ruled by this approximated quantization scheme. In this paper, we propose a feature-level frequency disentanglement to help the relaxed scalar quantization achieve lower bit rates by guiding the high entropy latent features to include most of the low-frequency texture of the image. In addition, to strengthen the de-correlating power of the transformer-based analysis/synthesis transform, an augmented self-attention score calculation based on the Hadamard product is utilized during both encoding and decoding. Channel-wise autoregressive entropy modeling takes advantage of the proposed frequency separation as it inherently directs high-informational low-frequency channels to the first chunks and conditions the future chunks on it. The proposed network not only outperforms hand-engineered codecs, but also neural network-based codecs built on computation-heavy spatially autoregressive entropy models.
description: Accepted to 30$^{th}$ IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2023)
The nature conservation potential of the vegetation of Dandenong Valley Metropolitan Park
Creators: name: Stitt, T.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The impact of baryons on massive galaxy clusters: halo structure and cluster mass estimates
Creators: name: Henson, Monique A.
name: Barnes, David J.
name: Kay, Scott T.
name: McCarthy, Ian G.
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the BAHAMAS and MACSIS hydrodynamic simulations to quantify the impact of baryons on the mass distribution and dynamics of massive galaxy clusters, as well as the bias in X-ray and weak lensing mass estimates. These simulations use the sub-grid physics models calibrated in the BAHAMAS project, which include feedback from both supernovae and active galactic nuclei. They form a cluster population covering almost two orders of magnitude in mass, with more than 3,500 clusters with masses greater than $10^{14}\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$ at $z=0$. We start by characterising the clusters in terms of their spin, shape and density profile, before considering the bias in both weak lensing and hydrostatic mass estimates. Whilst including baryonic effects leads to more spherical, centrally concentrated clusters, the median weak lensing mass bias is unaffected by the presence of baryons. In both the dark matter only and hydrodynamic simulations, the weak lensing measurements underestimate cluster masses by ${\approx}10\%$ for clusters with $M_{200}{\leq}10^{15}\mathrm{M}_\odot$ and this bias tends to zero at higher masses. We also consider the hydrostatic bias when using both the true density and temperature profiles, and those derived from X-ray spectroscopy. When using spectroscopic temperatures and densities, the hydrostatic bias decreases as a function of mass, leading to a bias of ${\approx}40\%$ for clusters with $M_{500}{\geq}10^{15}\,\mathrm{M}_\odot$. This is due to the presence of cooler gas in the cluster outskirts. Using mass weighted temperatures and the true density profile reduces this bias to $5{-}15\%$.
description: 18 pages, 15 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Finite element simulation techniques for incompressible fluid structure interaction with applications to bioengineering and optimization
Creators: name: Razzaq, Mudassar
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: ALE
subject: FENI
subject: Fluid structure interaction
subject: 510

description: Numerical techniques for solving the problem of fluid structure interaction with an elastic material in a laminar incompressible viscous flow are described. An Arbitrary Lagrangian-Eulerian (ALE) formulation is employed in a fully coupled monolithic way, considering the problem as one continuum. The mathematical description and the numerical schemes are designed in such a way that more complicated constitutive relations (and more realistic for biomechanics applications) for the fluid as well as the structural part can be easily incorporated. We utilize the well-known Q2P1 finite element pair for discretization in space to gain high accuracy and perform as time-stepping the 2nd order Crank-Nicholson, resp., Fractional-Step-q -scheme for both solid and fluid parts. The resulting nonlinear discretized algebraic system is solved by a Newton method which approximates the Jacobian matrices by a divided differences approach, and the resulting linear systems are solved by iterative solvers, preferably of Krylovmultigrid type. For validation and evaluation of the accuracy of the proposed methodology, we present corresponding results for a new set of FSI benchmarking configurations which describe the self-induced elastic deformation of a beam attached to a cylinder in laminar channel flow, allowing stationary as well as periodically oscillating deformations. Then, as an example for fluid-structure interaction (FSI) in biomedical problems, the influence of endovascular stent implantation onto cerebral aneurysm hemodynamics is numerically investigated. The aim is to study the interaction of the elastic walls of the aneurysm with the geometrical shape of the implanted stent structure for prototypical 2D configurations. This study can be seen as a basic step towards the understanding of the resulting complex flow phenomena so that in future aneurysm rupture shall be suppressed by an optimal setting for the implanted stent geometry. Keywords: Fluid-structure interaction (FSI), monolithic FEM, ALE, multigrid, incompressible laminar flow, bio-engineering, optimization, benchmarking.
Non-line-of-sight reconstruction via structure sparsity regularization
Creators: name: Huang, Duolan
name: Chen, Quan
name: Wei, Zhun
name: Chen, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-line-of-sight (NLOS) imaging allows for the imaging of objects around a corner, which enables potential applications in various fields such as autonomous driving, robotic vision, medical imaging, security monitoring, etc. However, the quality of reconstruction is challenged by low signal-noise-ratio (SNR) measurements. In this study, we present a regularization method, referred to as structure sparsity (SS) regularization, for denoising in NLOS reconstruction. By exploiting the prior knowledge of structure sparseness, we incorporate nuclear norm penalization into the cost function of directional light-cone transform (DLCT) model for NLOS imaging system. This incorporation effectively integrates the neighborhood information associated with the directional albedo, thereby facilitating the denoising process. Subsequently, the reconstruction is achieved by optimizing a directional albedo model with SS regularization using fast iterative shrinkage-thresholding algorithm. Notably, the robust reconstruction of occluded objects is observed. Through comprehensive evaluations conducted on both synthetic and experimental datasets, we demonstrate that the proposed approach yields high-quality reconstructions, surpassing the state-of-the-art reconstruction algorithms, especially in scenarios involving short exposure and low SNR measurements.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Assessment of the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of Health Care Workers on Universal Precaution in North Wollo Zone, Amhara Region, North Eastern Ethiopia, 2006
Creators: name: Damte, Mesele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2007

description: Background Employing universal precautions means taking precautions with everybody. If precautions are taken with everyone, health care workers do not have to make assumptions about people's lifestyles and risk of infection. Objectives: The main objective of the study was to assess the knowledge, attitude and practices of health care workers on universal precautions and factors in health institutes. Methods: This cross sectional health institution based survey was conducted in North Wollo Zone from January through September 2006. The study has used quantitative and qualitative methods. Statistical significance was determined by computing mean variations using T test and one-way ANOVA methods. Results: - The response rate for quantitative method was 93.4%. The mean knowledge score of health care workers was 2.53 ± (SD 1.17) and 156 (44.4%) of the respondents had greater or equal to the mean score. Seventy-nine (87.8%) of the observed injection practices was found to be unsafe to the health care workers and clients or community. The overall hand hygiene adherence rate was 28.34% ± (SD 27.58%). Correct hand hygiene practice has statistically significant association with availability of water, alcohol, and participating on UP trainings (OR (95% CI) = 6.89(2.66, 17.87), (OR (95% CI) = 3.95(1.46, 10.68), and (OR (95% CI) = 5.84(2.32, 14.72). Also female health care workers better adhere to hand hygiene than male (OR (95% CI) = 0.15(0.06, 0.38). According to the FGD's result luck of supplies and facilities were the main factors for unsafe practices in health institutes. Conclusion: Considerable proportion of health care workers in North Wollo had lacked proper knowledge, attitude and practice towards universal precautions. Equally health care facilities in North Wollo were not adequately prepared in supplying essential materials to safe practices. Providing training on universal precaution to all health care staff and enhancing sustainable supplies systems are recommended. Key words: universal precaution, health care workers, universal precaution related practice and hand hygiene.
Multiobjective planning and Victorian water management : an institutional and procedural analysis with reference to the Western and North-Western Regions of Melbourne.
Creators: name: Burrage, Derek M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
"fig1.eps" of "Transverse mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Original EPS Image file
description: Two-pion correlations in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum $k_T$ by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The $k_T$ dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 4.1, 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii ($R_{out}/R_{side}$) is consistent with unity and independent of $k_T$.
Exchange anisotropy as mechanism for spin-stripe formation in frustrated spin chains
Creators: name: Pregelj, M.
name: Zaharko, O.
name: Herak, M.
name: Gomilsek, M.
name: Zorko, A.
name: Chapon, L. C.
name: Bourdarot, F.
name: Berger, H.
name: Arčon, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin-stripe mechanism responsible for the peculiar nanometer modulation of the incommensurate magnetic order that emerges between the vector-chiral and the spin-density-wave phase in the frustrated zigzag spin-1/2 chain compound $β$-TeVO$_4$. A combination of magnetic-torque, neutron-diffraction and spherical-neutron-polarimetry measurements is employed to determine the complex magnetic structures of all three ordered phases. Based on these results, we develop a simple phenomenological model, which exposes the exchange anisotropy as the key ingredient for the spin-stripe formation in frustrated spin systems.
description: 4 pages + supplementary material, published version (PRB Rapid Communications)
Quark-gluon discrimination in the search for gluino pair production at the LHC
Creators: name: Bhattacherjee, Biplob
name: Mukhopadhyay, Satyanarayan
name: Nojiri, Mihoko M.
name: Sakaki, Yasuhito
name: Webber, Bryan R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of including quark- and gluon-initiated jet discrimination in the search for strongly interacting supersymmetric particles at the LHC. Taking the example of gluino pair production, considerable improvement is observed in the LHC search reach on including the jet substructure observables to the standard kinematic variables within a multivariate analysis. In particular, quark and gluon jet separation has higher impact in the region of intermediate mass-gap between the gluino and the lightest neutralino, as the difference between the signal and the standard model background kinematic distributions is reduced in this region. We also compare the predictions from different Monte Carlo event generators to estimate the uncertainty originating from the modelling of the parton shower and hadronization processes.
description: 22 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; v2: statistical treatment improved and figures updated
FEM simulation of non-isothermal viscoelastic fluids
Creators: name: Damanik, Hogenrich
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: FEM
subject: Giesekus-Modell
subject: Log-conformation reformulation (LCR)
subject: Monolithic Newton-multigrid Verfahren
subject: Non-isothermal fluid
subject: Oldroyd-B fluid
subject: Viscoelastic fluid
subject: 510
subject: Finite-Elemente-Methode
subject: Fluid
subject: Numerisches Verfahren

description: Thermo-mechanically coupled transport processes of viscoelastic fluids are important components in many applications in mechanical and chemical engineering. The aim of this thesis is the development of efficient numerical techniques for incompressible, non-isothermal, viscoelastic fluids which take into account the multiscale behaviour in space and time, the multiphase character and significant geometrical changes. Based on special CFD techniques including adaptivity/local grid alignment in space/time and fast hierarchical FEM techniques, the result shall be a new CFD tool which has to be evaluated w.r.t. well-known benchmarks and experimental results. The advantages of such a method are numerous and lead to efficient and accurate solution with respect to different rheological models and type of nonlinearities. In addition, it gives us a great deal of flexibility not only in dealing with well known difficulties such as High Weissenberg Number Problem (HWNP) but also in treating any new rheological models in the coming future. Several benchmark problems of interest to industrial purposes are also proposed in validating the state of the art of the numerical method.
"fig1.png" of "Transverse mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: PNG Image file
description: Two-pion correlations in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum $k_T$ by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The $k_T$ dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 4.1, 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii ($R_{out}/R_{side}$) is consistent with unity and independent of $k_T$.
Optimal taxation of human capital
Creators: name: Braun, Christoph
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Human capital
subject: Optimal taxation
subject: Ramsey approach
subject: 330
subject: Humankapital / Ausbildung / Optimale Besteuerung

description: This dissertation is on optimal taxation of human capital and tackles the following leading question: How should the tax system be optimally designed to promote the accumulation of human capital to maximize economic well- being? Chapter 2 discusses results derived by Bovenberg and Jacobs (2005) and Richter (2009), who show the education efficiency theorem: In a second-best optimum, the education decision is undistorted if the function expressing the stock of human capital features a constant elasticity with respect to education. I drop this assumption. The household inherits an initial stock of human capital, implying that the aforementioned elasticity is increasing. In a two-period Ramsey model of optimal taxation, I show that the education efficiency theorem does not hold. In a second-best optimum, the discounted marginal social return to education is smaller than the marginal social cost. The household overinvests in human capital relative to thefirst best. The government effectively subsidizes the return to education. Chapter 3 studies a Ramsey optimal taxation model with human capital in an infinite-horizon setting. Contrary to Jones, Manuelli, and Rossi (1997), the human capital production function does not include the current stock of human capital as a production factor. As a result, the return to human capital, namely labor income, does not vanish in equilibrium. In a stationary state, the household underinvests in human capital relative to the first best, i.e., education is distorted. Human capital is effectively taxed. The optimal tax scheme prescribes making the cost of education not fully tax-deductible. Chapter 4 studies second best policies for education, saving, and labour in an OLG model in which endogenous growth results from human capi- tal accumulation. Government expenditures have to be financed by linear instruments so that growth equilibria are inefficient. The inefficiency is exacerbated if selfish individuals externalize the positive effect of education on descendents' productivity. It is shown to be second best to subsidize edu- cation even relative to the first best if the elasticity of the human capital investment function is strictly increasing. The analysis allows one to iden- tify fundamental differences in the efficient dynamic taxation of human and nonhuman capital. Chapter 5 presents a numerical analysis of chapter 4's underlying model with selfish individuals. It turns out that the case for subsidizing education to account for distortionary labor taxation is rather weak. The still dominant justification for subsidizing education is to internalize intergenerational externalities.
"thumb_fig1.png" of "Transverse mass dependence of two-pion correlations in Au + Au collisions at s(NN)**(1/2) = 130-GeV."
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2023

description: Thumbnail Image file
description: Two-pion correlations in $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ =130 GeV Au+Au collisions at RHIC have been measured over a broad range of pair transverse momentum $k_T$ by the PHENIX experiment at RHIC. The $k_T$ dependent transverse radii are similar to results from heavy ion collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 4.1, 4.9, and 17.3 GeV, whereas the longitudinal radius increases monotonically with beam energy. The ratio of the outwards to sidewards transverse radii ($R_{out}/R_{side}$) is consistent with unity and independent of $k_T$.