cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the impact of meson mixing on $B_s\toϕee$ angular observables at low $q^2$
Creators: name: Descotes-Genon, Sébastien
name: Plakias, Ioannis
name: Sumensari, Olcyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decays based on the $b\to sγ$ transition are expected to yield left-handed photons in the Standard Model, but could be particularly sensitive to New Physics contributions modifying the short-distance Wilson coefficients $\mathcal{C}_7$ and $\mathcal{C}_{7'}$ defined in the low-energy Effective Field Theory. These coefficients can be determined by combining observables of several modes, among which $B_s\toϕee$ at low $q^2$, in a kinematic range where the photon-pole is dominant. We investigate the impact of $B_s-\bar{B}_s$ mixing on the angular observables available for this mode, which induces a time-dependent modulation governed by interference terms between mixing and decay that are sensitive to the moduli and phases of $\mathcal{C}_7$ and $\mathcal{C}_{7'}$. These interference terms can be extracted through a time-dependent analysis but they also affect time-integrated observables. In particular, we show that the asymmetries $A_T^{(2)}$ and $A_T^{(\text{Im});CP}$ receive terms of potentially similar size from mixing-independent and mixing-induced terms, and we discuss how the constraints coming from the angular analysis of $B_s\toϕee$ at low $q^2$ should be interpreted in the presence of mixing.
description: 32 pages, 9 figures, version published in JHEP
Efficacy of the DFT+U formalism for modeling hole polarons in perovskite oxides
Creators: name: Erhart, Paul
name: Klein, Andreas
name: Åberg, Daniel
name: Sadigh, Babak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation of self-trapped holes (STH) in three prototypical perovskites (SrTiO3, BaTiO3, PbTiO3) using a combination of density functional theory (DFT) calculations with local potentials and hybrid functionals. First we construct a local correction potential for polaronic configurations in SrTiO3 that is applied via the DFT+U method and matches the forces from hybrid calculations. We then use the DFT+U potential to search the configuration space and locate the lowest energy STH configuration. It is demonstrated that both the DFT+U potential and the hybrid functional yield a piece-wise linear dependence of the total energy on the occupation of the STH level suggesting that self-interaction effects have been properly removed. The DFT+U model is found to be transferable to BaTiO3 and PbTiO3, and formation energies from DFT+U and hybrid calculations are in close agreement for all three materials. STH formation is found to be energetically favorable in SrTiO3 and BaTiO3 but not in PbTiO3, which can be rationalized by considering the alignment of the valence band edges on an absolute energy scale. In the case of PbTiO3 the strong coupling between Pb 6s and O 2p states lifts the valence band minimum (VBM) compared to SrTiO3 and BaTiO3. This reduces the separation between VBM and STH level and renders the STH configuration metastable with respect to delocalization (band hole state). We expect that the present approach can be adapted to study STH formation also oxides with different crystal structures and chemical composition.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Circuito económico de esclavos entre Cartagena y Mompox 1790-1810.
Creators: name: Perez Cassiani, Whiston
Publisher: name: Universidad de Cartagena
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Investigación cualitativa - Análisis de datos
subject: Esclavos - Condiciones económicas
subject: Monpox (bolivar, Colombia) - Historia

description: Este proyecto tiene como objeto trazar y analizar los circuitos económicos para el transporte de esclavos al interior del Virreinato de Nueva Granada para el transcurso de 1790-1810, y señalar la relevancia que pudieron tener estos dos espacios en cuanto a la introducción, compraventa y distribución de esclavos en los mercados interioranos. Este estudio está planteado desde dos perspectivas: primero aquella que parte desde el análisis de las diferentes particularidades económicos del negocio esclavista en la región, en particular a las dinámicas del comercio, compradores, precios e interrelación con otras actividades, de igual forma debemos tomar en cuenta las propias variables de los esclavizados en cuanto a las transiciones, tales como el conocimiento de ciertas habilidades técnicas, las cuales aumentaron su valor y pudieron dar prerrogativas a los esclavos para obtener un mayor rango de autonomía, sexo y enfermedades.
The Role of Feedback in Shaping the Structure of the Interstellar Medium
Creators: name: Walker, A. P.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Pilkington, K.
name: Brook, C. B.
name: Dutta, P.
name: Stanimirovic, S.
name: Stinson, G. S.
name: Bailin, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the role of feedback in shaping the neutral hydrogen (HI) content of simulated disc galaxies. For our analysis, we have used two realisations of two separate Milky Way-like (~L*) discs - one employing a conservative feedback scheme (MUGS), the other significantly more energetic (MaGICC). To quantify the impact of these schemes, we generate zeroth moment (surface density) maps of the inferred HI distribution; construct power spectra associated with the underlying structure of the simulated cold ISM, in addition to their radial surface density and velocity dispersion profiles. Our results are compared with a parallel, self-consistent, analysis of empirical data from THINGS (The HI Nearby Galaxy Survey). Single power-law fits (P~k^gamma) to the power spectra of the stronger-feedback (MaGICC) runs (over spatial scales corresponding to 0.5 kpc to 20 kpc) result in slopes consistent with those seen in the THINGS sample (gamma = -2.5). The weaker-feedback (MUGS) runs exhibit shallower power law slopes (gamma = -1.2). The power spectra of the MaGICC simulations are more consistent though with a two-component fit, with a flatter distribution of power on larger scales (i.e., gamma = -1.4 for scales in excess of 2 kpc) and a steeper slope on scales below 1 kpc (gamma = -5), qualitatively consistent with empirical claims, as well as our earlier work on dwarf discs. The radial HI surface density profiles of the MaGICC discs show a clear exponential behaviour, while those of the MUGS suite are essentially flat; both behaviours are encountered in nature, although the THINGS sample is more consistent with our stronger (MaGICC) feedback runs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS; 9 pages; 7 figures
How Bad is Selfish Driving? Bounding the Inefficiency of Equilibria in Urban Driving Games
Creators: name: Zanardi, Alessandro
name: Sessa, Pier Giuseppe
name: Käslin, Nando
name: Bolognani, Saverio
name: Censi, Andrea
name: Frazzoli, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the interaction among agents engaging in a driving task and we model it as general-sum game. This class of games exhibits a plurality of different equilibria posing the issue of equilibrium selection. While selecting the most efficient equilibrium (in term of social cost) is often impractical from a computational standpoint, in this work we study the (in)efficiency of any equilibrium players might agree to play. More specifically, we bound the equilibrium inefficiency by modeling driving games as particular type of congestion games over spatio-temporal resources. We obtain novel guarantees that refine existing bounds on the Price of Anarchy (PoA) as a function of problem-dependent game parameters. For instance, the relative trade-off between proximity costs and personal objectives such as comfort and progress. Although the obtained guarantees concern open-loop trajectories, we observe efficient equilibria even when agents employ closed-loop policies trained via decentralized multi-agent reinforcement learning.
description: Under review
Revisiting the elasticity of verb meaning and the way-construction in English
Creators: name: Ausensi, Josep
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: Rappaport Hovav and Levin (2010) argue that result verbs (e.g. break) are more restricted than manner verbs (e.g. wipe) with regard to argument realization, since result verbs do not permit object deletion (e.g. *John broke) or nonselected objects (e.g. *John broke his fingers bloody). In the present paper, I argue that result verbs can permit nonselected objects, i.e. I show that they are found in the way-construction when the result state they encode is predicated of a patient that despite not being overtly realized is semantically implicit. In a similar vein, Marantz (1992), Levin (1993) and Levin and Rappaport Hovav (1995) argue that unaccusative verbs are never found in the way-construction, as only unergative verbs are permitted. However, as Kuno and Takami (2004) note, there are some unaccusative verbs (e.g. roll) that can appear in this construction. In this respect, I argue that unaccusative verbs permit the way-construction when they do not encode result states. Consequently, I contend that unaccusativity is not the constraint imposed by the way-construction on the verb classes permitted, contra previously assumed. In short, I argue that both result and unaccusative verbs appear to be more elastic with regard to argument realization than previously claimed.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 23 No 1 (2019): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 23
Separation of quadrupole, spin, and charge across the magnetic phases of a one-dimensional interacting spin-1 gas
Creators: name: Reyes-Osorio, Felipe
name: Rodriguez-Ramirez, Karen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy collective properties of a 1D spin-1 Bose gas using bosonization. After giving an overview of the technique, emphasizing the physical aspects, we apply it to the $S=1$ Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonian and find a novel separation of the quadrupole-spin-charge sectors, confirmed by time-MPS numerical simulations. Additionally, through the single particle spectrum, we show the existence of the superfluid-Mott insulator transition and the point at which the physics are described by a Heisenberg-like Hamiltonian. The magnetic phase diagrams are found for both the superfluid and insulating regimes; the latter is determined by decomposing the complete Heisenberg bilinear-biquadratic Hamiltonian, which describes the Mott insulator, into simpler, effective Hamiltonians. This allows us to keep our methods flexible and transferable to other interesting interacting condensed matter systems.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
The bitwise operations related to a fast sorting algorithm
Creators: name: Yordzhev, Krasimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the work we discuss the benefit of using bitwise operations in programming. Some interesting examples in this respect have been shown. What is described in detail is an algorithm for sorting an integer array with the substantial use of the bitwise operations. Besides its correctness we strictly prove that the described algorithm works in time O(n). In the work during the realisation of each of the examined algorithms we use the apparatus of the object-oriented programming with the syntax and the semantics of the programming language C++.
The puzzle of Reflexive Belief Construction in Spanish
Creators: name: Anvari, Amir
name: Maldonado, Mora
name: Soria Ruiz, Andrés
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The Reflexive Belief Construction in Spanish, built by adjoining the reflexive pronoun se to the verb creer (believe), displays a puzzling interpretive behavior. When unembedded, creerse triggers the inference that its complement clause is false. When embedded under negation, it triggers the inference that its complement clause is true. We first argue that the negative inference in the unembedded case is not due to the Maximize Presupposition! principle (Heim, 1991), carving out the empirical profile of creerse along the way. We then explore two alternative explanations. The first is that creerse presupposes the falsity of its complement. The second is that creerse presupposes that the attitude holder is wrongly opinionated with respect to the embedded proposition. We argue that the first analysis fails unless it is supplemented with the syntactic account of neg-raising, whereas the second analysis faces empirical challenges. We leave the resolution of this dilemma to future work.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 23 No 1 (2019): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 23
Decoding the effects of synonymous variants in human genome
Creators: name: Zeng, Zishuo
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2022

description: Synonymous single nucleotide variants (sSNVs), a common type of genomic variant, does not alter the protein sequence but can have a variety of functional impacts. Integrating sSNVs into complex disease prediction and precision medicine is very difficult—mostly due to the lack of a reliable computational tool to evaluate the effects of sSNVs. Here, to bypass the bottlenecks that most relevant predictors suffer from (i.e. limited size and reliability of training data), we inferred groups of neutral and effect sSNVs based on large-scale variant data from population sequencing cohorts. We then built a novel machine learning-based predictor, synVep (synonymous Variant effect predictor), to evaluate whether a given sSNV has molecular functional effect. Validation on multiple experimental datasets demonstrated synVep’s good performance and suggested the promising utility of synVep in disease prediction. In a separate investigation, we found that incorporating synVep with conservation and variant frequency allowed better identification of cancer genes and cancer driver variants. We then, using synVep and other annotations, proposed a list of sSNVs that are potentially cancer driving variants. These results may help interpretation and prioritization on sSNVs in the context of cancer research.
Exotic Compact Objects with Two Dark Matter Fluids
Creators: name: Cassing, Marie
name: Brisebois, Alexander
name: Azeem, Muhammad
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generic properties of compact objects made of two different fluids of dark matter are studied in a scale invariant approach. We investigate compact objects with a core-shell structure, where the two fluids are separated, and with mixed dark matter components, where both dark matter fluids are immersed within each other. The constellations considered are combinations of incompressible fluids, free and interacting Fermi gases, and equations of state with a vacuum term, i.e. self-bound dark matter. We find novel features in the mass-radius relations for combined dark matter compact objects which distinguishes them from compact objects with a single dark matter fluid and compact stars made of ordinary baryonic matter, as white dwarfs, neutron stars and quark stars. The maximum compactness of certain combined dark matter stars can reach values up to the causality limit for compact stars but not beyond that limit if causality of the dark matter fluids is ensured.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures, discussions extended
Tomorrow isn’t always a day away
Creators: name: Anderson, Carolyn Jane
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper explores non-utterance time readings of tomorrow, which, though unexpected under the standard pure indexical view of tomorrow, are attested in American English: e.g., “Last week, UPS said that the package would be delivered tomorrow.” This example has two readings: an utterance time reading, which can be felicitously followed by “I hope it arrives on time!”, and a non-utterance time reading, which can be followed by “But it never showed up!” I present experimental evidence that (1) non-utterance time readings of tomorrow are acceptable for many American English speakers and (2) not due to Free Indirect Discourse or indexical shift. Instead, I propose an analysis of tomorrow as anaphoric to a salient perspective.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 23 No 1 (2019): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 23
Electron diffusion induced valley Hall effect and nonlinear galvanodiffusive transport in hexagonal 2D Dirac monolayer materials
Creators: name: Snegirev, A. V.
name: Kovalev, V. M.
name: Entin, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion currents are theoretically examined in two-dimensional Dirac materials, such as those of the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMD) family. The transversal effects are analogues of the valley Hall (VHE) and photogalvanic (PGE) transport phenomena in case when the electron driving force is not an electric field but a gradient of electron density distribution in the sample. The latter can be created by a finite-sized laser spot or by the injection of electrons from other materials. We develop the theory of diffusive VHE effect assuming the anisotropic electron-short-range-impurity skew scattering. The electron PGE-like transport caused by higher electron-density derivatives is analyzed assuming the trigonal warping anisotropy of electron valleys in a TMD monolayer. The nonlinear responses on electron-density gradient are studied as well. The isotropic processes of electron scattering off the short-range and Coulomb centers are taken into account in the PGE-like transport theory.
Modifying Event Nominals: Syntactic Surface Meets Semantic Transparency
Creators: name: Bücking, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper starts out with the observation that modifiers to eventive ung-nominals can both target at the denoted event as a whole and modify it from inside. The internal reading will be shown to challenge iconic mapping between surface-oriented c-command and semantic scope. By using Egg (2006)’s flexible syntax-semantic interface the given ambiguity is analyzed as landing site underspecification allowing for a compositional make-up in both cases: based on a bipartite eventive structure for ung-nominals, the internal reading is argued to result from applying the modifier to an event concept fed by the verbal lexical base whereas the external reading emerges if the modifier targets at a concept-correlate introduced by the nominal affix.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Should data ever be thrown away? Pooling interval-censored data sets with different precision
Creators: name: Tretiak, Krasymyr
name: Ferson, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.3
subject: 65G40

description: Data quality is an important consideration in many engineering applications and projects. Data collection procedures do not always involve careful utilization of the most precise instruments and strictest protocols. As a consequence, data are invariably affected by imprecision and sometimes sharply varying levels of quality of the data. Different mathematical representations of imprecision have been suggested, including a classical approach to censored data which is considered optimal when the proposed error model is correct, and a weaker approach called interval statistics based on partial identification that makes fewer assumptions. Maximizing the quality of statistical results is often crucial to the success of many engineering projects, and a natural question that arises is whether data of differing qualities should be pooled together or we should include only precise measurements and disregard imprecise data. Some worry that combining precise and imprecise measurements can depreciate the overall quality of the pooled data. Some fear that excluding data of lesser precision can increase their overall uncertainty about results because lower sample size implies more sampling uncertainty. This paper explores these concerns and describes simulation results that show when it is advisable to combine fairly precise data with rather imprecise data by comparing analyses using different mathematical representations of imprecision. Pooling data sets is preferred when the low-quality data set does not exceed a certain level of uncertainty. However, so long as the data are random, it may be legitimate to reject the low-quality data if its reduction of sampling uncertainty does not counterbalance the effect of its imprecision on the overall uncertainty.
description: 35 pages, 19 figures
An Explicit Formula for the Spherical Curves with Constant Torsion
Creators: name: Kazaras, Demetre
name: Sterling, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A04

description: The purpose of this article is to give an explicit formula for all curves of constant torsion $τ$ in the unit two-sphere $S^2(1)$. These curves and their basic properties have been known since the 1890's, and some of these properties are discussed in the Appendix. Some example curves, computed with a standard ODE package, with $τ=.1,.5,1,2$ are shown in Figure \ref{peter}. Though their existence and some of their general properties were known, our explicit formulas for them, in terms of hypergeometric functions, are new.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Three-Dimensional Semantics
Creators: name: Bochner, Gregory
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: How can identity sentences involving distinct names be informative? Any theory of names facing the problem of informativity will need to appeal to descriptions. The crucial question is: at which level do descriptions play a role? Kripke showed that descriptions neither constitute nor fix the semantic contents of names. At the same time, his Millian views imply the problematic existence of modal illusions: some necessary truths are knowable only aposteriori even though there is no possible world in which they don’t hold. I sketch a new, metasemantic strategy that purports to avoid modal illusions within a referentialist framework: the relevant descriptions describe not extensions (descriptivism), not intensions (twodimensionalism), but names themselves (three-dimensionalism).
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Five loop minimal MOM scheme field and quark mass anomalous dimensions in QCD
Creators: name: Gracey, J. A.
name: Mason, R. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the anomalous dimensions of the gluon, Faddeev-Popov ghost and quark in the minimal MOM scheme to five loops for a general colour group when Quantum Chromodynamics is fixed in a linear covariant gauge. The quark mass anomalous dimension is also constructed in the same scheme.
description: 21 latex pages, anc directory contains txt file with electronic version of anomalous dimensions for the mini-MOM scheme and their conversion functions, clarifications and minor changes added
'Only' and Monotonicity in Conditionals
Creators: name: Berends, Matthew
name: Kaufmann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper proposes an account of the interpretation of ‘only’ in the antecedents of indicative conditionals. Our concern lies with the implication from a conditional of the form if (only φ), ψ to its ‘only’ -less counterpart if φ, ψ: when and why it is warranted. We argue that the pragmatic relationship of scalar upward monotonicity determines its availability. Two factors serve as license. First, it may arise by virtue of a language user’s pre-existing world knowledge. Second, it may manifest when it constitutes the most informative reading of the conditional available. We discuss one case in point; namely, its appearance when the consequent is desirable.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
B fields in OB stars (BOB): The discovery of a magnetic field in a multiple system in the Trifid Nebula, one of the youngest star forming regions
Creators: name: Hubrig, S.
name: Fossati, L.
name: Carroll, T. A.
name: Castro, N.
name: Gonzalez, J. F.
name: Ilyin, I.
name: Przybilla, N.
name: Schoeller, M.
name: Oskinova, L. M.
name: Morel, T.
name: Langer, N.
name: Scholz, R. D.
name: Kharchenko, N. V.
name: Nieva, M. -F.
name: collaboration, the BOB
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent magnetic field surveys in O- and B-type stars revealed that about 10% of the core-hydrogen-burning massive stars host large-scale magnetic fields. The physical origin of these fields is highly debated. To identify and model the physical processes responsible for the generation of magnetic fields in massive stars, it is important to establish whether magnetic massive stars are found in very young star-forming regions or whether they are formed in close interacting binary systems. In the framework of our ESO Large Program, we carried out low-resolution spectropolarimetric observations with FORS2 in 2013 April of the three most massive central stars in the Trifid nebula, HD164492A, HD164492C, and HD164492D. These observations indicated a strong longitudinal magnetic field of about 500-600G in the poorly studied component HD164492C. To confirm this detection, we used HARPS in spectropolarimetric mode on two consecutive nights in 2013 June. Our HARPS observations confirmed the longitudinal magnetic field in HD164492C. Furthermore, the HARPS observations revealed that HD164492C cannot be considered as a single star as it possesses one or two companions. The spectral appearance indicates that the primary is most likely of spectral type B1-B1.5V. Since in both observing nights most spectral lines appear blended, it is currently unclear which components are magnetic. Long-term monitoring using high-resolution spectropolarimetry is necessary to separate the contribution of each component to the magnetic signal. Given the location of the system HD164492C in one of the youngest star formation regions, this system can be considered as a Rosetta Stone for our understanding of the origin of magnetic fields in massive stars.
description: Five pages, six figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Ultra-directional forward scattering by individual core-shell nanoparticles
Creators: name: Liu, Wei
name: Zhang, Jianfa
name: Lei, Bing
name: Xie, Wenke
name: Ma, Haotong
name: Hu, Haojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the angular scattering properties of individual core-shell nanoparticles that support simultaneously both electric and optically-induced magnetic resonances of different orders. In contrast to the approach to suppress the backward scattering and enhance the forward scattering relying on overlapping electric and magnetic dipoles, we reveal that the directionality of the forward scattering can be further improved through the interferences of higher order electric and magnetic modes. Since the major contributing electric and magnetic responses can be tuned to close magnitudes, ultra-directional forward scattering can be achieved by single nanoparticles without compromising the feature of backward scattering suppression, which may offer new opportunities for nanoantennas, photovoltaic devices, bio-sensing and many other interdisciplinary researches.
description: 4 figures
On Wh-Islands
Creators: name: Abrusán, Márta
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: This paper argues that wh-islands are unacceptable because they cannot be given a complete (exhaustive) answer. In the case of degree questions, the complete answer expresses a contradiction given the assumption that degree questions range over intervals. In the case of manner questions the problem arose from the fact that a complete answer to these questions is equivalent to a sentence with an embedded declarative, which is either a violation of the principle of Maximize Presupposition!, as in the case of question embedding predicates such as know, or simply incompatible with the meaning of the question embedding predicate, which is argued to be the case with predicates such as wonder.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Building Event-Based Ad Hoc Properties: On the Interpretation of Adjectival Passives
Creators: name: Maienborn, Claudia
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: The paper develops a new perspective on the semantics and pragmatics of adjectival passives that focuses on their characteristic context dependency. Adjectival passives are analyzed as a flexible grammatical means of creating a potentially new ad hoc property based on the verbal event by which the subject referent is categorized according to contextually salient goals. The post state vs. target state ambiguity of adjectival passives is accounted for by deriving the two readings from a semantically underspecified representation that requires the pragmatic machinery to infer a suitable contextual instantiation.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
The impact of corotation on gradual solar energetic particle event intensity profiles
Creators: name: Hutchinson, Adam
name: Dalla, Silvia
name: Laitinen, Timo
name: Waterfall, Charlotte O. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Corotation of particle-filled magnetic flux tubes is generally thought to have a minor influence on the time-intensity profiles of gradual Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events. For this reason many models solve the focussed transport equation within the corotating frame, thus neglecting corotation effects. We study the effects of corotation on gradual SEP intensity profiles at a range of observer longitudinal positions relative to the solar source. We study how corotation affects the duration and decay time constant of SEP events and the variation of peak intensity with observer position. We use a 3D full-orbit test particle code with time-extended SEP injection via a shock-like source. Unlike with focussed transport models, the test particle approach enables us to switch corotation on and off easily. While shock acceleration is not modelled directly, our methodology allows us to study how corotation and the time-varying observer-shock magnetic connection influence intensity profiles detected at six observers. We find that corotation strongly affects SEP profiles, for a monoenergetic population of 5 MeV protons, being a dominant influence during the decay phase. Simulations including corotation display dramatically shortened durations for western events, compared to those which do not include it. When corotation is taken into account, for both eastern and western events the decay time constant is reduced and its dependence on the scattering mean free path becomes negligible. Corotation reduces the peak intensity for western events and enhances it for eastern ones, thus making the east-west asymmetry in peak intensity stronger, compared to the no-corotation case. Modelling SEP intensity profiles without carefully accounting for corotation leads to artificially extended decay phases during western events and profiles with a similar shape regardless of observer longitudinal position.
description: A&A Letters in press
Silicon Avalanche Pixel Sensor for High Precision Tracking
Creators: name: D'Ascenzo, N.
name: Marrocchesi, P. S.
name: Moon, C. S.
name: Morsani, F.
name: Ratti, L.
name: Saveliev, V.
name: Navarro, A. Savoy
name: Xie, Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of an innovative position sensitive pixelated sensor to detect and measure with high precision the coordinates of the ionizing particles is proposed. The silicon avalanche pixel sensors (APiX) is based on the vertical integration of avalanche pixels connected in pairs and operated in coincidence in fully digital mode and with the processing electronics embedded on the chip. The APiX sensor addresses the need to minimize the material budget and related multiple scattering effects in tracking systems requiring a high spatial resolution in the presence of a large occupancy. The expected operation of the new sensor features: low noise, low power consumption and suitable radiation tolerance. The APiX device provides on-chip digital information on the position of the coordinate of the impinging charged particle and can be seen as the building block of a modular system of pixelated arrays, implementing a sparsified readout. The technological challenges are the 3D integration of the device under CMOS processes and integration of processing electronics.
description: 13th Topical Seminar on Innovative Particle and Radiation Detectors IPRD13
Modelling shock-like injections of solar energetic particles with 3D test particle simulations
Creators: name: Hutchinson, Adam
name: Dalla, Silvia
name: Laitinen, Timo
name: Waterfall, Charlotte O. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) acceleration and injection into interplanetary space during gradual SEP events is thought to take place at Coronal Mass Ejection (CME)-driven shocks. Features of measured intensity profiles at 1 au have been attributed to properties of the radial and longitudinal/latitudinal injections at the shock. Focussed transport models are typically used to model acceleration at a CME-shock and subsequent propagation. Test particle simulations are an alternative approach but so far they have been carried out only with instantaneous injection near the Sun. We develop the first temporally extended shock-like injection for our 3D test particle code and investigate how the spatial features of injection affect SEP intensity and anisotropy profiles for observers at 0.3 and 1.0 au. We conduct simulations of a monoenergetic population of 5 MeV protons considering three different radial injection functions and two longitudinal/latitudinal injection functions. We consider a range of scattering conditions with scattering mean free path values ranging from 0.1-1.0 au, and determine intensity and anisotropy profiles at six observers at different longitudinal locations. We find that the radial, longitudinal and latitudinal injection functions play a relatively minor role in shaping the SEP intensity profiles. The dependence of profiles on the value of the scattering mean free path is also weak, unlike what is found from 1D focussed transport models. Spatial factors, such as the time of observer-shock-connection/disconnection and time of shock passage have a much stronger influence on SEP intensities and anisotropies. Persistent anisotropies until shock passage are seen in our simulations. Comparing instantaneous and shock-like injections, we find that the link between duration of injection and of the SEP event is very weak, unlike what is commonly assumed.
description: A&A in press
Recent Advances in the Microscopic Calculations of Level Densities by the Shell Model Monte Carlo Method
Creators: name: Alhassid, Y.
name: Bonett-Matiz, M.
name: Liu, S.
name: Mukherjee, A.
name: Nakada, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shell model Monte Carlo (SMMC) method enables calculations in model spaces that are many orders of magnitude larger than those that can be treated by conventional methods, and is particularly suitable for the calculation of level densities in the presence of correlations. We review recent advances and applications of SMMC for the microscopic calculation of level densities. Recent developments include (i) a method to calculate accurately the ground-state energy of an odd-mass nucleus, circumventing a sign problem that originates in the projection on an odd number of particles, and (ii) a method to calculate directly level densities, which, unlike state densities, do not include the spin degeneracy of the levels. We calculated the level densities of a family of nickel isotopes $^{59-64}$Ni and of a heavy deformed rare-earth nucleus $^{162}$Dy and found them to be in close agreement with various experimental data sets.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the Fourth International Workshop on Compound-Nuclear Reactions and Related Topics (CNR*13)
Pairing, Pseudogap and Fermi Arcs in Cuprates
Creators: name: Kaminski, Adam
name: Kondo, Takeshi
name: Takeuchi, Tsunehiro
name: Gu, Genda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Angle Resolved Photoemission Spectroscopy (ARPES) to study the relationship between the pseudogap, pairing and Fermi arcs in cuprates. High quality data measured over a wide range of dopings reveals a consistent picture of Fermiology and pairing in these materials. The pseudogap is due to an ordered state that competes with superconductivity rather then preformed pairs. Pairing does occur below Tpair~150K and significantly above Tc, but well below T* and the doping dependence of this temperature scale is distinct from that of the pseudogap. The d-wave gap is present below Tpair, and its interplay with strong scattering creates "artificial" Fermi arcs for Tc
description: 18 pages, 8 figures
GRB 221009A: A light dark matter burst or an extremely bright Inverse Compton component?
Creators: name: González, M. M.
name: Rojas, D. Avila
name: Pratts, A.
name: Hernández-Cadena, S
name: Fraija, N.
name: Alfaro, R.
name: Araujo, Y. Pérez
name: Montes, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) have been considered as potential very high-energy photon emitters due to the large amount of energy released as well as the strong magnetic fields involved in their jets. However, the detection of TeV photons is not expected from bursts beyond a redshift of $z\gtrsim 0.1$ due to their attenuation with the extragalactic background light (EBL). For these reasons, the recent observation of photons with energies of 18 and 251 TeV from GRB 221009A (z=0.151) last October 9th, 2022 has challenged what we know about the TeV-emission mechanisms and the extragalactic background. In order to explain the TeV observations, recent works exploring candidates of dark matter have started to appear. In this paper, we discuss the required conditions and limitations within the most plausible scenario, synchrotron-self Compton (SSC) radiation in the GRB afterglow, to interpret the one 18-TeV photon observation besides the EBL. To avoid the Klein-Nishina effect, we find an improbable value of the microphysical magnetic parameter below $10^{-6}$ for a circumburst medium value $> 1{\rm cm^{-3}}$ (expected in the collapsar scenario). Therefore, we explore possible scenarios in terms of ALPs and dark photon mechanisms to interpret this highly-energetic photon and we discuss the implications in the GRB energetics. We find that the ALPs and dark photon scenarios can explain the 18 TeV photon but not the 251 TeV photon.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures, 4 tables
Born-Oppenheimer Approximation for the XYZ Mesons
Creators: name: Braaten, Eric
name: Langmack, Christian
name: Smith, D. Hudson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many of the XYZ mesons discovered in the last decade can be identified as bound states in Born-Oppenheimer (B-O) potentials for a heavy quark and antiquark. They include quarkonium hybrids, which are bound states in excited flavor-singlet B-O potentials, and quarkonium tetraquarks, which are bound states in flavor-nonsinglet B-O potentials. We present simple parameterizations of the deepest flavor-singlet B-O potentials. We infer the deepest flavor-nonsinglet B-O potentials from lattice QCD calculations of static adjoint mesons. Selection rules for hadronic transitions are used to identify XYZ mesons that are candidates for ground-state energy levels in the B-O potentials for charmonium hybrids and tetraquarks. The energies of the lowest-energy charmonium hybrids are predicted by using the results of lattice QCD calculations to calculate the energy splittings between the ground states of different B-O potentials and using the Schroedinger equation to determine the splittings between energy levels within a B-O potential.
description: 40 pages, 11 tables, 3 figures
Soft theorems for boosts and other time symmetries
Creators: name: Hui, Lam
name: Joyce, Austin
name: Komissarov, Ilia
name: Parmentier, Klaas
name: Santoni, Luca
name: Wong, Sam S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive soft theorems for theories in which time symmetries -- symmetries that involve the transformation of time, an example of which are Lorentz boosts -- are spontaneously broken. The soft theorems involve unequal-time correlation functions with the insertion of a soft Goldstone in the far past. Explicit checks are provided for several examples, including the effective theory of a relativistic superfluid and the effective field theory of inflation. We discuss how in certain cases these unequal-time identities capture information at the level of observables that cannot be seen purely in terms of equal-time correlators of the field alone. We also discuss when it is possible to phrase these soft theorems as identities involving equal-time correlators.
description: 50 pages
The Interpretation of Questions in Dialogue
Creators: name: Lascarides, Alex
name: Asher, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: We propose a dynamic semantics of questions in dialogue that tracks the public commitments of each dialogue agent, including commitments to issues raised by questions.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13
Stellar Populations and the Star Formation Histories of LSB Galaxies: IV Spitzer Surface Photometry of LSB Galaxies
Creators: name: Schombert, James
name: McGaugh, Stacy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface photometry at 3.6$μ$m is presented for 61 low surface brightness (LSB) galaxies ($μ_o < 19$ 3.6$μ$m mag arcsecs$^{-2}$). The sample covers a range of luminosity from $-$11 to $-$22 in $M_{3.6}$ and size from 1 to 25 kpc. The morphologies in the mid-IR are comparable to those in the optical with 3.6$μ$m imaging reaches similar surface brightness depth as ground-based optical imaging. A majority of the resulting surface brightness profiles are single exponential in shape with very few displaying upward or downward breaks. The mean $V-3.6$ color of LSB is 2.3 with a standard deviation of 0.5. Color-magnitude and two color diagrams are well matched to models of constant star formation, where the spread in color is due to small changes in the star formation rate (SFR) over the last 0.5 Gyrs as also suggested by the specific star formation rate measured by H$α$.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, in press, PASA
T-duality building blocks for $α'$ string corrections
Creators: name: David, Marina
name: Liu, James T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: T-duality has been shown to constrain the higher derivative corrections of string theory. We revisit the problem of understanding the T-duality constraints imposed on the $α'$ corrections using the language of a torsionful connection. We find a convenient way to express the $O(d,d)$ invariants in terms of linear combinations of the metric and B-field for general $d$-dimensional torus compactifications, which we then use to revisit the heterotic and bosonic ten-dimensional string action at order $α'$. We also comment on the four-point functions for corrections of order $α'^3$ in the type II string.
Pragmatic Rationalizability
Creators: name: Jäger, Gerhard
name: Ebert, Christian
Publisher: name: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung
Year: 2019

description: We present a formal game-theoretic model towards the explanation of implicatures based on the computation of iterated best responses: literal meaning of signals constitutes their default interpretation, and rational communicators decide about their communicative strategies by iteratively calculating the best response to this default strategy. We demonstrate by means of several examples how the resulting pragmatically rationalizable strategies account for different types of implicatures.
description: Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung, Vol 13 No 1 (2009): Proceedings of Sinn und Bedeutung 13