cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Who Owns What in Fanfiction: Perceptions of Ownership and Problems of Law
Creators: name: Ball, Caroline
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: fanfiction
fandom
copyright
intellectual property

description: Online fanfiction is at the forefront of the conflict between copyright holders and fans who wish to use the material of the mass culture for their own purposes. Fans feel that their fan status and non-profit use of the material cannot cause any harm, whilst copyright holders feel they have to protect their property and livelihood from dilution and misuse. As a consequence of this standoff, many fans have received threats of legal action should they continue to use copyrighted material. This thesis analyses the relevant American and British copyright laws and highlights the various legal defences that could be used to argue for the legality of fanfiction. It also explores the attitudes of copyright holders towards fanfiction and looks into what legal action has been taken against fanfiction writers. A survey of 200 fans then explores the fans’ perspective and attempts to determine why fans write fanfiction and how they have responded to the legal activity against them. It concludes that whilst fanfiction has a relatively strong legal position should the matter ever come before a court of law, this is unlikely in the current situation as both sides fear they have too much to lose. It also concludes that the current system of copyright law is too rigid and inflexible for the fast-paced, rapidly changing computer age in which we live.
The MUGAST-AGATA-VAMOS campaign : set-up and performance
Creators: name: Assié, M.
name: Clément, E.
name: Lemasson, A.
name: Ramos, D.
name: Raggio, A.
name: Zanon, I.
name: Galtarossa, F.
name: Lenain, C.
name: Casal, J.
name: Flavigny, F.
name: Matta, A.
name: Mengoni, D.
name: Beaumel, D.
name: Blumenfeld, Y.
name: Borcea, R.
name: Brugnara, D.
name: Catford, W.
name: de Oliveira, F.
name: De Séréville, N.
name: Didierjean, F.
name: Diget, C. Aa.
name: Dudouet, J.
name: Fernandez-Dominguez, B.
name: Fougères, C.
name: Frémont, G.
name: Girard-Alcindor, V.
name: Giret, A.
name: Goasduff, A.
name: Gottardo, A.
name: Goupil, J.
name: Hammache, F.
name: John, P. R.
name: Korichi, A.
name: Lalanne, L.
name: Leblond, S.
name: Lefevre, A.
name: Legruel, F.
name: Menager, L.
name: Million, B.
name: Nicolle, C.
name: Noury, F.
name: Rauly, E.
name: Rezynkina, K.
name: Rindel, E.
name: Rojo, J. S.
name: Siciliano, M.
name: Stanoiu, M.
name: Stefan, I.
name: Vatrinet, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The MUGAST-AGATA-VAMOS set-up at GANIL combines the MUGAST highly-segmented silicon array with the state-of-the-art AGATA array and the large acceptance VAMOS spectrometer. The mechanical and electronics integration copes with the constraints of maximum efficiency for each device, in particular γ-ray transparency for the silicon array. This complete set-up offers a unique opportunity to perform exclusive measurements of direct reactions with the radioactive beams from the SPIRAL1 facility. The performance of the set-up is described through its commissioning and two examples of transfer reactions measured during the campaign. High accuracy spectroscopy of the nuclei of interest, including cross-sections and angular distributions, is achieved through the triple-coincidence measurement. In addition, the correction from Doppler effect of the γ-ray energies is improved by the detection of the light particles and the use of two-body kinematics and a full rejection of the background contributions is obtained through the identification of heavy residues. Moreover, the system can handle high intensity beams (up to 108 pps). The particle identification based on the measurement of the time-of-flight between MUGAST and VAMOS and the reconstruction of the trajectories is investigated.
description: 13 pages, 18 figures
Evening the Score: Targeting SARS-CoV-2 Protease Inhibition in Graph Generative Models for Therapeutic Candidates
Creators: name: Bilbrey, Jenna
name: Ward, Logan
name: Choudhury, Sutanay
name: Kumar, Neeraj
name: Sivaraman, Ganesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We examine a pair of graph generative models for the therapeutic design of novel drug candidates targeting SARS-CoV-2 viral proteins. Due to a sense of urgency, we chose well-validated models with unique strengths: an autoencoder that generates molecules with similar structures to a dataset of drugs with anti-SARS activity and a reinforcement learning algorithm that generates highly novel molecules. During generation, we explore optimization toward several design targets to balance druglikeness, synthetic accessability, and anti-SARS activity based on \icfifty. This generative framework\footnote{https://github.com/exalearn/covid-drug-design} will accelerate drug discovery in future pandemics through the high-throughput generation of targeted therapeutic candidates.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2102.04977
Single-mode phonon transmission in symmetry broken carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Wang, Jian
name: Wang, Jian-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Normal mode phonon transmissions are studied in carbon nanotubes with the presence of Stone-Wales (SW) defect, using a mode-matching method and through the analysis of symmetry. The calculation shows that the transmission for low group velocity acoustic phonons is evidently reduced at high frequency range, and that this SW defect induced symmetry breaking strongly inhibits the transmission of long wave optical phonons in carbon nanotubes. The characteristic features of transmission for each phonon mode depend on the symmetry. These findings suggest that the local heating in the defective nanotubes may be contributed mainly from the low group velocity acoustic phonons and optical phonons near the $Γ$-point.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Collisions between equal sized ice grain agglomerates
Creators: name: Schäfer, C.
name: Speith, R.
name: Kley, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the recent insight in the material structure of comets, protoplanetesimals are assumed to have low densities and to be highly porous agglomerates. It is still unclear if planetesimals can be formed from these objects by collisional growth. Therefore, it is important to study numerically the collisional outcome from low velocity impacts of equal sized porous agglomerates which are too large to be examined in a laboratory experiment. We use the Lagrangian particle method Smooth Particle Hydrodynamics to solve the equations that describe the dynamics of elastic and plastic bodies. Additionally, to account for the influence of porosity, we follow a previous developed equation of state and certain relations between the material strength and the relative density. Collisional growth seems possible for rather low collision velocities and particular material strengths. The remnants of collisions with impact parameters that are larger than 50% of the radius of the colliding objects tend to rotate. For small impact parameters, the colliding objects are effectively slowed down without a prominent compaction of the porous structure, which probably increases the possibility for growth. The protoplanetesimals, however, do not stick together for the most part of the employed material strengths. An important issue in subsequent studies has to be the influence of rotation to collisional growth. Moreover, for realistic simulations of protoplanetesimals it is crucial to know the correct material parameters in more detail.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures, accepted by A&A
Additional file 1 of Primary care coverage and individual health: evidence from a likelihood model using biomarkers in Brazil
Creators: name: Postali, Fernando Antonio Slaibe
name: Diaz, Maria Dolores Montoya
name: Ferreira-Batista, Natalia Nunes
name: Teixeira, Adriano Dutra
name: Moreno-Serra, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 1 of C2HEST score for atrial fibrillation risk prediction models: a Diagnostic Accuracy Tests meta-analysis
Creators: name: Haybar, Habib
name: Shirbandi, Kimia
name: Rahim, Fakher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Table S1: Study quality of included studies based on the Newcastle-Ottawa scale.
Cambridge's journey towards Open Access
Creators: name: Smith, Arthur
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: open access
research data
impact
policies
funders
publishers
scholarly communication

description: Presentation given at Open Repositories 2017, Brisbane, Australia. General track 13: Evaluation and assessment. This presentation discusses the open agenda supported by funder policies in the United Kingdom (UK), how these policies interact with one another and the resulting implications for higher education institutions using the case study of the University of Cambridge. The University of Cambridge has responded to the challenges of open research by founding the Office of Scholarly Communication and dedicating specialized teams to manage compliance with both Open Access and research data requirements. Since 2013 the Open Access Service has processed over 10,000 article submissions and spent more than £7 million on article processing charges. The experiences at Cambridge in responding to these challenges are an important lesson for anyone engaged in open research. This talk offers some insights into a potential way to manage funder mandates, but also acts as a cautionary tale for other countries and institutions considering introducing mandates around Open Access and what the implementation of certain policies might entail. The skills around management of open policies are significantly different to traditional library activity, and this has implications for training and recruitment of staff.
Going Deeper through the Gleason Scoring Scale: An Automatic end-to-end System for Histology Prostate Grading and Cribriform Pattern Detection
Creators: name: Silva-Rodríguez, Julio
name: Colomer, Adrián
name: Sales, María A.
name: Molina, Rafael
name: Naranjo, Valery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Gleason scoring system is the primary diagnostic and prognostic tool for prostate cancer. In recent years, with the development of digitisation devices, the use of computer vision techniques for the analysis of biopsies has increased. However, to the best of the authors' knowledge, the development of algorithms to automatically detect individual cribriform patterns belonging to Gleason grade 4 has not yet been studied in the literature. The objective of the work presented in this paper is to develop a deep-learning-based system able to support pathologists in the daily analysis of prostate biopsies. The methodological core of this work is a patch-wise predictive model based on convolutional neural networks able to determine the presence of cancerous patterns. In particular, we train from scratch a simple self-design architecture. The cribriform pattern is detected by retraining the set of filters of the last convolutional layer in the network. From the reconstructed prediction map, we compute the percentage of each Gleason grade in the tissue to feed a multi-layer perceptron which provides a biopsy-level score.mIn our SICAPv2 database, composed of 182 annotated whole slide images, we obtained a Cohen's quadratic kappa of 0.77 in the test set for the patch-level Gleason grading with the proposed architecture trained from scratch. Our results outperform previous ones reported in the literature. Furthermore, this model reaches the level of fine-tuned state-of-the-art architectures in a patient-based four groups cross validation. In the cribriform pattern detection task, we obtained an area under ROC curve of 0.82. Regarding the biopsy Gleason scoring, we achieved a quadratic Cohen's Kappa of 0.81 in the test subset. Shallow CNN architectures trained from scratch outperform current state-of-the-art methods for Gleason grades classification.
Simulating Driver-Pedestrian Interactions and Intentions Inference
Creators: name: Soares, Rui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The appearance of autonomous vehicles (AVs) has become a crucial and ever more emerging topic, giving way to new discoveries in the behavioral aspect of robotics. It is imperative that AVs know how to interact with pedestrians during driving contexts. Interaction between drivers (either active or passive ones) and pedestrians is something crucial to driving experiences in intersections, signaled or non-signaled crossings. If these situations are not well controlled and interaction outcomes are not predicted, risky situations occur. Thus, the creation of models pertaining to such crossing scenarios is a powerful tool to infer over real-life ones, where testing hypotheses may be too dangerous. When creating these models one needs to take into consideration the importance of extrinsic and intrinsic factors of driver-pedestrian interactions. These latter ones, ie. the communication between the two, can give drivers useful hints of intentions by pedestrians. Knowing such intentions means knowing how to react to pedestrian crossing scenarios. Studies found that non-verbal communication is very useful in asserting confidence by pedestrians. Related work is extensive. Many authors have already used factors like vehicle speed, among many other factors to build predictive models that can output confidence of the pedestrian crossing. Some authors used neural network approaches to estimate pedestrian poses in crossing scenarios. If AVs need to predict such intentions in driving contexts, predictive models that take into consideration this communication must be built. Thus, the contributions that this dissertation brings are twofold. Firstly, the study of the relevance of non-verbal communication when predicting outcomes of crossing scenarios. It is important to justify the need or lack thereof of computing non-verbal communication and using it along other factors in predictive models. Secondly, the creation of a methodology to better study which factors influence driver-pedestrian interactions, and how information about them can be extracted directly from the source into results. These results can be used for predictive models to be employed in simulations. The solution was elaborated using a dataset created from a set of experiments and some image segmentation techniques. These experiments led subjects to drive around in a virtual cockpit in an environment filled with pedestrians. Their actions during pedestrian encounters permitted the analysis and extraction of conclusions. Obtained results emphasize the need of knowing how to react to non-verbal communication alongside the normally used metrics to predict pedestrian crossings. They relate the main factors of these driver-pedestrian interactions and provide better knowledge about their influence in the outcomes of such scenarios. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N. 723386 (SIMUSAFE).
Incommensurate Spin Ordering and Fluctuations in underdoped La_{2-x}Ba_{x}CuO_{4}
Creators: name: Dunsiger, S. R.
name: Zhao, Y.
name: Yamani, Z.
name: Buyers, W. J. L.
name: Dabkowska, H.
name: Gaulin, B. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using neutron scattering techniques, we have studied incommensurate spin ordering as well as low energy spin dynamics in single crystal underdoped \LBCO with x$\sim$0.095 and 0.08; high temperature superconductors with T$_C \sim$ 27 K and 29 K respectively. Static two dimensional incommensurate magnetic order appears below T$_N$=39.5 $\pm$ 0.3 K in \LBCO (x=0.095) and a similar temperature for x=0.08 within the low temperature tetragonal phase. The spin order is unaffected by either the onset of superconductivity or the application of magnetic fields of up to 7 Tesla applied along the c-axis in the x=0.095 sample. Such magnetic field {\it independent} behaviour is in marked contrast with the field induced enhancement of the staggered magnetisation observed in the related \LSCO system, indicating this phenomenon is not a universal property of cuprate superconductors. Surprisingly, we find that incommensurability $δ$ is only weakly dependent on doping relative to \LSCO. Dispersive excitations in \LBCO (x=0.095) at the same incommensurate wavevector persist up to at least 60 K. The dynamical spin susceptibility of the low energy spin excitations saturates below \tc, in a similar manner to that seen in the superconducting state of La$_2$CuO$_{4+y}$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, submitted to PRB, figures updated
Mild solutions to semilinear stochastic partial differential equations with locally monotone coefficients
Creators: name: Tappe, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an existence and uniqueness result for mild solutions to semilinear stochastic partial differential equations in the framework of the semigroup approach with locally monotone coefficients. An important component of the proof is an application of the dilation theorem of Nagy, which allows us to reduce the problem to infinite dimensional stochastic differential equations on a larger Hilbert space. Properties of the solutions like the Markov property are discussed as well.
description: 9 pages
A statistical analysis of electroencephalographic spikes in benign Rolandic epilepsy of childhood
Creators: name: Bencivenga, Roberto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The occurrence of spikes during an electroencephalogram is a basic feature of Benign Epilepsy of Childhood (BREC). In this thesis we analyze several problems related to the structure of such spikes. The currently used mathematical model describing the spike assumes that all the inter-spike variations are due to background activity. We show that non-negligible additional variability is present during the spike and propose a slightly richer model which takes such variability into account. In particular we conclude that background noise may not be used to assess the precision of the estimates of the signal. The technique of spike averaging is presently used to obtain more precise estimates of the signal. By comparing averaging with trimmed mean, median and the "lowess" smoother, we find no discrepancies indicating the presence of skewness or long tails in the underlying distribution of the data and conclude that spike averaging is an adequate method for estimating the deterministic part of the spike. Next, three automated procedures for the detection of the peak of the spike are compared to the existing method, which is based on a visual analysis of the EEG tracing. None of the alternative methods is found to be superior, but the methodology developed for this problem is rather general and could be applied to other similar comparisons. Finally we address the question of whether "atypical" BREC patients, who are characterized by having other neurological abnormalities besides seizures, have a spike structure different from that of the "typical" patients. The non parametric method of "classification trees" is discussed and then applied to find whether certain features of the spike can discriminate between typical and atypical patients. The location and amplitude of the spike are found to provide a satisfactory classification rule, suggesting that the two groups may be affected by different types of epilepsy. We have used, throughout the thesis, simple methods which do not require strong assumptions. In particular we have tried to avoid assumptions of normality and linearity and to rely mostly on non parametric methods.
Chemical evolution of galaxies. I. A composition-dependent SPH model for chemical evolution and cooling
Creators: name: Martínez-Serrano, Francisco J.
name: Serna, Arturo
name: Domínguez-Tenreiro, Rosa
name: Mollá, Mercedes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an SPH model for chemical enrichment and radiative cooling in cosmological simulations of structure formation. This model includes: i) the delayed gas restitution from stars by means of a probabilistic approach designed to reduce the statistical noise and, hence, to allow for the study of the inner chemical structure of objects with moderately high numbers of particles; ii) the full dependence of metal production on the detailed chemical composition of stellar particles by using, for the first time in SPH codes, the Qij matrix formalism that relates each nucleosynthetic product to its sources; and iii) the full dependence of radiative cooling on the detailed chemical composition of gas particles, achieved through a fast algorithm using a new metallicity parameter zeta(T) that gives the weight of each element on the total cooling function. The resolution effects and the results obtained from this SPH chemical model have been tested by comparing its predictions in different problems with known theoretical solutions. We also present some preliminary results on the chemical properties of elliptical galaxies found in self-consistent cosmological simulations. Such simulations show that the above zeta-cooling method is important to prevent an overestimation of the metallicity-dependent cooling rate, whereas the Qij formalism is important to prevent a significant underestimation of the [alpha/Fe] ratio in simulated galaxy-like objects.
description: 19 pages, 22 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Agent-Based Modelling via Pedestrian Behaviour Elicitation in Virtual Reality
Creators: name: Costa, João
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: English

description: Pedestrian modelling and simulation play a fundamental role in reducing risks and implementation costs. Such models require a accurate representation of pedestrian behavior. However, to elicit human behaviour is not a trivial task. Virtual environments have been gaining notoriety as a behaviour elicitation tool, but it is still necessary to research the validity of this technique in the context of pedestrian studies, as well as to create guidelines for its use. This work proposes a methodology for pedestrian behavior elicitation using virtual environments, in conjunction with surveys or questionnaires. The methodology focuses on gathering data about the subject, the context and the action taken; analyzing the collected data, to finally output a behavioral model. The resulting model can be used to improve the original virtual environment, providing better conditions for future experiments. A concrete implementation was built based on this methodology, serving as an example for future studies. A virtual environment with several data collection mechanism was developed. The environment was used in conjunction with two surveys in a experiment in order to collected behavioral data about crossing. In the experiment the subjects controlled a virtual avatar through an HTC Vive and were tasked with traversing between two points of a city. The data collected during the experiment was analyzed and used to create a model for the pedestrians speed taking into account its actions and perceptions. The proposed methodology was successful in gathering the required data and make use of it to create behavioral models. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N. 723386 (SIMUSAFE).
Additional file 2 of C2HEST score for atrial fibrillation risk prediction models: a Diagnostic Accuracy Tests meta-analysis
Creators: name: Haybar, Habib
name: Shirbandi, Kimia
name: Rahim, Fakher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Table S2: Study quality of included studies based on the QUADAS-2 tool.
Noise characteristics of 3D time-of-flight cameras
Creators: name: Falie, Dragos
name: Buzuloiu, Vasile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-of-flight (TOF) cameras are based on a new technology that delivers distance maps by the use of a modulated light source. In this paper we first describe a set of experiments that we performed with TOF cameras. We then propose a noise model which is able to explain some of the phenomena observed in the experiments. The model is based on assuming a noise source that is correlated with the light source (shot noise) and an additional additive noise source (dark current noise). The model predicts well the dependency of the distance errors on the image intensity and the true distance at an individual pixel.
Dynamical evolution of correlated spontaneous emission of a single photon from a uniformly excited cloud of N atoms
Creators: name: Svidzinsky, Anatoly A.
name: Chang, Jun-Tao
name: Scully, Marlan O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the correlated spontaneous emission from a dense spherical cloud of N atoms uniformly excited by absorption of a single photon. We find that the decay of such a state depends on the relation between an effective Rabi frequency Omega, which is proportional to sqrt{N}, and the time of photon flight through the cloud R/c. If Omega*R/c < 1 the state exponentially decays with rate Omega^{2}*R/c and the state life time is greater then R/c. In the opposite limit Omega*R/c >> 1, the coupled atom-radiation system oscillates between the collective Dicke state (with no-photons) and the atomic ground state (with one photon) with frequency Omega while decaying at a rate c/R.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
System Analysis and Test-Bed for an Atmosphere-Breathing Electric Propulsion System using an Inductive Plasma Thruster
Creators: name: Romano, Francesco
name: Massutí-Ballester, Bartomeu
name: Binder, Tilman
name: Herdrich, Georg
name: Fasoulas, Stefanos
name: Schönherr, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Challenging space mission scenarios include those in low altitude orbits, where the atmosphere creates significant drag to the S/C and forces their orbit to an early decay. For drag compensation, propulsion systems are needed, requiring propellant to be carried on-board. An atmosphere-breathing electric propulsion system (ABEP) ingests the residual atmosphere particles through an intake and uses them as propellant for an electric thruster. Theoretically applicable to any planet with atmosphere, the system might allow to orbit for unlimited time without carrying propellant. A new range of altitudes for continuous operation would become accessible, enabling new scientific missions while reducing costs. Preliminary studies have shown that the collectible propellant flow for an ion thruster (in LEO) might not be enough, and that electrode erosion due to aggressive gases, such as atomic oxygen, will limit the thruster lifetime. In this paper an inductive plasma thruster (IPT) is considered for the ABEP system. The starting point is a small scale inductively heated plasma generator IPG6-S. These devices are electrodeless and have already shown high electric-to-thermal coupling efficiencies using O2 and CO2. The system analysis is integrated with IPG6-S tests to assess mean mass-specific energies of the plasma plume and estimate exhaust velocities.
Additional file 3 of C2HEST score for atrial fibrillation risk prediction models: a Diagnostic Accuracy Tests meta-analysis
Creators: name: Haybar, Habib
name: Shirbandi, Kimia
name: Rahim, Fakher
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Table S3: Different predictive ability of C2HEST score for AF-associated risk in Asian patients or non-Asian patients.
Constraints on the Leading-Twist Pion Distribution Amplitude from A QCD Light-Cone Sum Rule with Chiral Current
Creators: name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an improved analysis of the constraints on the first two Gegenbauer moments, $a^π_2$ and $a^π_4$, of the pion's leading-twist distribution amplitude from a QCD light-cone sum rule analysis of $B\toπ$ weak transition form factor $f_{+}(q^2)$. Proper chiral current is adopted in QCD light-cone sum rule so as to eliminate the most uncertain twist-3 contributions to $f_{+}(q^2)$, and then we concentrate our attention on the properties of the leading-twist pion DA. A nearly model-independent $f_+(q^2)$ as shown in Ref.\cite{pball0} that is based on the spectrum of $B\toπlν$ decays from BaBar, together with their uncertainties, are adopted as the standard shape for $f_+(q^2)$ to do our discussion. From a minimum $χ^2$-fit and by taking the theoretical uncertainties into account, we obtain $a^π_2(1GeV)=0.17^{+0.15}_{-0.17}$ and $a^π_4(1GeV)=-0.06^{+0.20}_{-0.22}$ at the $1σ$ confidence level for $m^*_b\in[4.7,4,8] GeV$.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures. References added. To be published in EPJC
Model Reference Adaptive Control of Piecewise Affine Systems with State Tracking Performance Guarantees
Creators: name: Liu, Tong
name: Buss, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we investigate the model reference adaptive control approach for uncertain piecewise affine systems with performance guarantees. The proposed approach ensures the error metric, defined as the weighted Euclidean norm of the state tracking error, to be confined within a user-defined time-varying performance bound. We introduce an auxiliary performance function to construct a barrier Lyapunov function. This auxiliary performance signal is reset at each switching instant, which prevents the transgression of the barriers caused by the jumps of the error metric at switching instants. The dwell time constraints are derived based on the parameters of the user-defined performance bound and the auxiliary performance function. We also prove that the Lyapunov function is non-increasing even at the switching instants and thus does not impose extra dwell time constraints. Furthermore, we propose the robust modification of the adaptive controller for the uncertain piecewise affine systems subject to unmatched disturbances. A Numerical example validates the correctness of the proposed approach.
The Worldsheet Dual of Free Super Yang-Mills in 4D
Creators: name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Gopakumar, Rajesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The worldsheet string theory dual to free 4d ${\cal N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory was recently proposed in arXiv:2104.08263. It is described by a free field sigma model on the twistor space of ${\rm AdS}_5\times {\rm S}^5$, and is a direct generalisation of the corresponding model for tensionless string theory on ${\rm AdS}_3\times {\rm S}^3$. As in the case of ${\rm AdS}_3$, the worldsheet theory contains spectrally flowed representations. We proposed in arXiv:2104.08263 that in each such sector only a finite set of generalised zero modes (`wedge modes') are physical. Here we show that after imposing the appropriate residual gauge conditions, this worldsheet description reproduces precisely the spectrum of the planar gauge theory. More specifically, the states in the sector with $w$ units of spectral flow match with single trace operators built out of $w$ super Yang-Mills fields (`letters'). The resulting physical picture is a covariant version of the BMN light-cone string, now with a finite number of twistorial string bit constituents of an essentially topological worldsheet.
description: 50 pages
An approach to player's attention modelling in virtual reality environments
Creators: name: Casimiro, António
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The human brain is constantly overwhelmed with stimuli from the surrounding environment, and its processing capacity is limited. Nevertheless, it is able to perceive the surrounding environment in an efficient manner, by filtering out non-relevant stimuli and concentrating on the relevant ones. The attention mechanisms influence such filtering and are executed in a seamless fashion. Representing such attention processes in a computationally tractable way can be a daunting task. Indeed, no agreement seems to exist in neuropsychology and psychology literature as to how attention mechanisms are conducted, which may not have an exact computational counterpart. Current computational models of attention try to encapsulate those findings in several ways. However, no agreement seems to be found as well on the attention models. The dissertation proposes a framework in order to capture the visual attention mechanisms. Such framework is divided into two components. The first is focused on the definition of a testbed which can be used as a proxy of the real environment. The definition of a controlled environment, which ensures the safety of the participants and allows the extraction of several parameters from the behaviour of participants, is paramount. The second component is related to the construction of computational models of visual attention, which are responsible for assigning a saliency value to objects. Such value indicates the degree of which the object "pops-out" when a person is observing the environment. The models are composed by two components: the bottom-up component of attention model is focused solely on the properties of the visual stimulus; the top-down factor, modelled by a Gaussian mixture model, is based on data collected from participants immersed in a virtual environment. Participants were asked their opinion regarding aspects pertaining to the immersiveness of the virtual environment. Collected results seem to suggest that the virtual environment is realistic and responsive to actions performed by users. As for the attention model, the obtained results seem to indicate that a poor performance of the model is obtained, with 17% of the conducted observations with a correct classification of the most salient object. Moreover, the contribution of the top-down component is non-existent; in fact, the same performance is obtained when the topdown component is considered, thus acting as a redundant component. Such redundancy suggests that the mixture model acts as a surrogate of the attention model when looking for the most salient object in the scene. On the other hand, the obtained results suggest either the adopted modelling strategy is inadequate, or the chosen performance metric is insufficient, or the validation procedure is not adequate. Further developments are thus required. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement N. 723386 (SIMUSAFE).
The isoperimetric problem in $2$d domains without necks
Creators: name: Leonardi, Gian Paolo
name: Saracco, Giorgio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q10, 35J93, 49Q20

description: We give a complete characterization of all isoperimetric sets contained in a domain of the Euclidean plane, that is bounded by a Jordan curve and satisfies a no-neck property. Further, we prove that the isoperimetric profile of such domain is convex above the volume of the largest ball contained in it, and that its square is globally convex.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures
A Case Study of First Person Aiming at Low Latency for Esports
Creators: name: Spjut, Josef
name: Boudaoud, Ben
name: Kim, Joohwan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: Lower computer system input-to-output latency substantially reduces many task completion times. In fact, literature shows that reduction in targeting task completion time from decreased latency often exceeds the decrease in latency alone. However, for aiming in first person shooter (FPS) games, some prior work has demonstrated diminishing returns below 40 ms of local input-to-output computer system latency. In this paper, we review this prior art and provide an additional case study with data demonstrating the importance of local system latency improvement, even at latency values below 20 ms. Though other factors may determine victory in a particular esports challenge, ensuring balanced local computer latency among competitors is essential to fair competition.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures, presented at EHPHCI 2021
Lattice Calculation of Thermal Properties of Low-Density Neutron Matter with Pionless NN Effective Field Theory
Creators: name: Abe, T.
name: Seki, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal properties of low-density neutron matter are investigated by determinantal quantum Monte Carlo lattice calculations on 3+1 dimensional cubic lattices. Nuclear effective field theory (EFT) is applied using the pionless single- and two-parameter neutron-neutron interactions, determined from the $^1S_0$ scattering length and effective range. The determination of the interactions and the calculations of neutron matter are carried out consistently by applying EFT power counting rules. The thermodynamic limit is taken by the method of finite-size scaling, and the continuum limit is examined in the vanishing lattice filling limit. The $^1S_0$ pairing gap at $T \approx 0$ is computed directly from the off-diagonal long-range order of the spin pair-pair correlation function, and is found to be approximately 30% smaller than BCS calculations with the conventional nucleon-nucleon potentials. The critical temperature $T_c$ of the normal-to-superfluid phase transition and the pairing temperature scale $T^\ast$ are determined, and the temperature-density phase diagram is constructed. The physics of low-density neutron matter is clearly identified as being a BCS-Bose-Einstein condensation crossover.
description: 50 pages, 23 figures, to appear in Physical Review C
UBVI CCD Photometry of Berkeley 55 Open Cluster
Creators: name: Oralhan, İnci Akkaya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental astrophysical parameters have been derived for Be 55 open cluster based on UBVI CCD photometric data, observed with the AZT-22 1.5m telescope at Maidanak Astronomical Observatory in Uzbekistan. The mean reddening is obtained as E(B-V)=1.77+-0.10 mag from early type members. The zero age main sequence fitting in the Q(VA)- Q0 diagrams indicates the distance modulus, (V0 - MV)=12.4+-0.20 mag (d=3.02+-0.28 kpc). This photometric distance is consistent with the distances of Gaia EDR3 (d=3.09+-0.16 kpc) and period-luminosity relation (d=2.78+-0.32 kpc) of its Cepheid S5 within the uncertainties. This distance also locates the cluster near the Perseus spiral arm. The Geneva isochrone fittings to the Hertzsprung-Russell diagram and observational colourmagnitude diagrams derive turn-off age, 85+-13 Myr, by taking care five red supergiants/bright giants. The possible inconsistences on the locations of the bright giants with the rotating/non-rotating isochrones may be due to both the age spread of stars in young open clusters and the diversity in rotational velocities.
description: 8 tables, 13 figures. Accepted to Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy, a SCI journal
Additional file 1 of Does anthropogenic introduction of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) impact faunal species diversity and abundance in natural aquatic habitats? A systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Sasanami, Misaki
name: Hustedt, John
name: Alexander, Neal
name: Horstick, Olaf
name: Bowman, Leigh
name: Hii, Jeffrey
name: Echaubard, Pierre
name: Braack, Leo
name: Overgaard, Hans J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. ROSES for Systematic Review Protocols. Version 1.0. ROSES form for this systematic review.
The origin of a$_{1g}$ and e$_g$' orderings in Na$_x$CoO$_2$
Creators: name: Pillay, D.
name: Johannes, M. D.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Andersen, O. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has often been suggested that correlation effects suppress the small e_g' Fermi surface pockets of NaxCoO_2 that are predicted by LDA, but absent in ARPES measurements. It appears that within the dynamical mean field theory (DMFT) the ARPES can be reproduced only if the on-site energy of the eg' complex is lower than that of the a1g complex at the one-electron level, prior to the addition of local correlation effects. Current estimates regarding the order of the two orbital complexes range from -200 meV to 315 meV in therms of the energy difference. In this work, we perform density functional theory calculations of this one-electron splitting Δ= ε_a1g-ε_e_g' for the full two-layer compound, Na2xCo2O4, accounting for the effects of Na ordering, interplanar interactions and octahedral distortion. We find that εa_1g-εe_g' is negative for all Na fillings and that this is primarily due to the strongly positive Coulomb field created by Na+ ions in the intercalant plane. This field disproportionately affects the a_1g orbital which protrudes farther upward from the Co plane than the e_g' orbitals. We discuss also the secondary effects of octahedral compression and multi-orbital filling on the value of Δas a function of Na content. Our results indicate that if the e_g' pockets are indeed suppressed that can only be due to nonlocal correlation effects beyond the standard DMFT.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 2 of Does anthropogenic introduction of guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) impact faunal species diversity and abundance in natural aquatic habitats? A systematic review protocol
Creators: name: Sasanami, Misaki
name: Hustedt, John
name: Alexander, Neal
name: Horstick, Olaf
name: Bowman, Leigh
name: Hii, Jeffrey
name: Echaubard, Pierre
name: Braack, Leo
name: Overgaard, Hans J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Literature search specific for each database. Description of selected databases with adjusted search strings and search results and brief description about each database.
Evolution of solar surface inflows around emerging active regions
Creators: name: Gottschling, N.
name: Schunker, H.
name: Birch, A. C.
name: Löptien, B.
name: Gizon, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solar active regions are associated with Evershed outflows in sunspot penumbrae, moat outflows surrounding sunspots, and extended inflows surrounding active regions. The latter have been identified on established active regions by various methods. The evolution of these inflows and their dependence on active region properties as well as their impact on the global magnetic field are not yet understood. We aim to understand the evolution of the average inflows around emerging active regions and to derive an empirical model for these inflows. We analyze horizontal flows at the surface of the Sun using local correlation tracking of solar granules observed in continuum images of SDO/HMI. We measure average flows of a sample of 182 isolated active regions up to seven days before and after their emergence onto the solar surface with a cadence of 12 hours. We investigate the average inflow properties with respect to active region characteristics of total flux and latitude. We fit a model to these observed inflows for a quantitative analysis. We find that converging flows of around $20$ to $30$ m/s are first visible one day prior to emergence, in agreement with recent results. These converging flows are present independently of active region properties of latitude or flux. We confirm a recently found prograde flow of about $40$ m/s at the leading polarity during emergence. We find that the time after emergence when the latitudinal inflows increase in amplitude depends on the flux of the active region, ranging from one to four days after emergence and increasing with flux. The largest extent of the inflows is up to about $7 \pm 1^\circ$ away from the center of the active region within the first six days after emergence. The inflow velocities have amplitudes of about $50$ m/s.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 16 pages, 17 figures
Coordinate transformation based design of confined metamaterial structures
Creators: name: Vasić, Borislav
name: Isić, Goran
name: Gajić, Radoš
name: Hingerl, Kurt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coordinate transformation method is applied to bounded domains to design metamaterial devices for steering spatially confined electromagnetic fields. Both waveguide and free-space beam applications are considered as these are analogous within the present approach. In particular, we describe devices that bend the propagation direction and squeeze confined electromagnetic fields. Two approaches in non-magnetic realization of these structures are examined. The first is based on using a reduced set of material parameters, and the second on finding non-magnetic transformation media. It is shown that transverse-magnetic fields can be bent or squeezed to an arbitrary extent and without reflection using only dielectric structures.
description: The previous version has been revised and considerably expanded