cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Test generation for detecting multiple stuck faults in synchronous sequential circuits using Boolean difference and transition matrix techniques.
Creators: name: Nguyen, Thiep V.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Engineering, Electronics and Electrical.

description: The Boolean difference is a mathematical concept which has proved its usefulness in the study of single and multiple stuck-at faults in combinational circuits. This tool of analysis was extended to cover multiple stuck-at faults in synchronous sequential circuits as well. In this dissertation, modifications to previous work are presented, together with the development of a new method for deriving the required shortest test sequence to detect a specified multiple fault. First, the vector Boolean difference technique is utilized to determine the input vector that will produce a difference in output between the fault-free and faulty circuits with both starting in the same initial state. If that detection cannot be achieved immediately, then the state transition matrices of both circuits are combined and used to form a matrix of detecting state pairs. Each of these pairs comprises of the present states of both circuits for which an output difference will be detected by an input vector. The detecting tree is then built leading the two circuits from the same initial state to the first detecting state found to complete the search for the shortest test sequence. Besides being able to identify, at an early stage, faults that are undetectable, this algorithm guarantees the generation of a shortest test sequence, if one exists, for every multiple stuck-at fault in a synchronous sequential circuit having a synchronizing sequence or a known initial state. A computer program was also written as a tool to automatically generate test sequences for detecting single or multiple faults in both combinational and synchronous sequential circuits.
Supporting driver performance in closely spaced tunnel-interchange structure: Traffic control devices and effects on driving behavior
Creators: name: Ju, Yunjie
name: Chen, Feng
name: Li, Jia
name: Zhao, Xiaohua
name: Dong, Wenhui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: With the rapid development of expressways in the mountainous regions of southwestern China, closely spaced tunnel-interchange structures have inevitably emerged due to topographical constraints and environmental limitations. Given the unfavorable road geometry and rapid cross-section transitions, drivers face significant safety concerns. This study aims to investigate drivers’ safety performance at closely spaced tunnel-interchange sections and determine how safety risks can be mitigated through improved traffic control devices design. Thirty-nine participants conducted an experimental study in a fixed-base simulator. The test scenario was modeled on the Xingyan Freeway-S3801 and accurately reproduced in the simulator. For each safety performance metric, the driving simulator experiments yielded a dataset with 780 observations. To address the idiosyncratic variation due to individual driver differences, a series of linear mixed effects models (LMM) were developed to analyze drivers’ behavior responses. In closely spaced tunnel-interchange sections, a general impairment of both longitudinal and lateral performance was observed. This study identified potential critical impact variables in traffic control device systems. According to the LMM results: (a) Removing the 0.5 km interchange ramp exit advance guide sign located in the tunnel exit area reduces dangerous behavior in the corresponding impact area. (b) Replacing the 0.5 km interchange ramp exit advance guide sign with arrow pavement markers as an information source supports improved driver performance, promoting driver safety. (c) Adding tunnel exit distance signs within tunnels is recommended to enhance situation awareness for drivers. This study addresses the scientific issues related to traffic control devices setup for closely spaced tunnel-interchange sections, focusing on identifying potential critical impact variables. The findings provide guidance on the design of traffic control devices for such sections and support revisions to national engineering standards.
A Hybrid Loss-Delay Gradient Congestion Control Algorithm for the Internet
Creators: name: Al-Saadi, Rasool
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Congestion Control (CC) has a significant influence on the performance of Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and the Internet in general. In large bottleneck buffers, the standard TCP CC capacity probing strategy harms interactive and latency-sensitive applications, leading to a poor quality of experience. Delay-based CC reacts to congestion before queuing delay reaches a high value. In this thesis, we significantly enhance the CAIA-Delay Gradient (CDG) algorithm to create Hybrid Loss-Delay Gradient (HLDG), a sender-side host-to-host CC for the Internet to provides higher performance, lower queuing delay and better coexistence with TCP flows.
Research evidence to support monitoring, diagnosis and management of Epitrix spp.
Creators: name: Highet, Fiona
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Euphresco, plant health, biology, traps, surveillance, diagnostics, Nagoya protocol, pest management, modelling, Epitrix, potato

description: Success story of the Euphresco project 2016-F-218 'Epitrix (flea beetle) species, life cycles and detection methods (EPITRIX II)'
description: Project funded through the Euphresco network
Natural Cubic Spline Regression Modeling Followed by Dynamic Network Reconstruction for the Identification of Radiation-Sensitivity Gene Association Networks from Time-Course Transcriptome Data
Creators: name: Michna, Agata
name: Braselmann, Herbert
name: Selmansberger, Martin
name: Dietz, Anne
name: Hess, Julia
name: Gomolka, Maria
name: Hornhardt, Sabine
name: Bluethgen, Nils
name: Zitzelsberger, Horst
name: Unger, Kristian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Gene expression time-course experiments allow to study the dynamics of transcriptomic changes in cells exposed to different stimuli. However, most approaches for the reconstruction of gene association networks (GANs) do not propose prior-selection approaches tailored to time-course transcriptome data. Here, we present a workflow for the identification of GANs from time-course data using prior selection of genes differentially expressed over time identified by natural cubic spline regression modeling (NCSRM). The workflow comprises three major steps: 1) the identification of differentially expressed genes from time-course expression data by employing NCSRM, 2) the use of regularized dynamic partial correlation as implemented in GeneNet to infer GANs from differentially expressed genes and 3) the identification and functional characterization of the key nodes in the reconstructed networks. The approach was applied on a time-resolved transcriptome data set of radiation-perturbed cell culture models of non-tumor cells with normal and increased radiation sensitivity. NCSRM detected significantly more genes than another commonly used method for time-course transcriptome analysis (BETR). While most genes detected with BETR were also detected with NCSRM the false- detection rate of NCSRM was low (3%). The GANs reconstructed from genes detected with NCSRM showed a better overlap with the interactome network Reactome compared to GANs derived from BETR detected genes. After exposure to 1 Gy the normal sensitive cells showed only sparse response compared to cells with increased sensitivity, which exhibited a strong response mainly of genes related to the senescence pathway. After exposure to 10 Gy the response of the normal sensitive cells was mainly associated with senescence and that of cells with increased sensitivity with apoptosis. We discuss these results in a clinical context and underline the impact of senescence-associated pathways in acute radiation response of normal cells. The workflow of this novel approach is implemented in the open-source Bioconductor R-package splineTimeR.
Human auditory event-related potentials to frequency changes in speech and non-speech sounds.
Creators: name: Maiste, Anita.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Health Sciences, Audiology.

description: This thesis presents two approaches investigating how the human auditory system processes the brief frequency changes that occur in speech sounds. Section 1 of the thesis consists of a critical review of the literature on human auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) and speech perception. Section 2 consists of three experiments evaluating ERPs to non-speech frequency changes. The experiments evaluated steady state and transient auditory evoked potentials (EPs) to tones that were sinusoidally modulated in frequency and to tones that alternated between two frequencies with a linear ramp. The tones were presented at modulation rates typical of average syllable production. The steady state responses to sinusoidal FM were small and difficult to record at both the first and second harmonics. Ramp FM evoked larger and more consistent second harmonic steady state responses than the sinusoidal FM. Only the ramp FM stimuli elicited transient EPs and these only at low modulation rates. These responses were larger to upward ramps than to downward ramps. The response to two simultaneously presented ramp FM tones differed from the sum of responses to the individual tones indicating some interaction in the processing of the two stimuli. Since the first study found that steady state responses were not as reliable as ERPs to discrete frequency changes, the second study used speech sounds containing discrete frequency changes. In Section 3 of the thesis computer-modified speech sounds from the /ba/ to /da/ continuum were presented to reading subjects as a train of standard speech sounds interspersed with two types of infrequent deviant speech sounds. One deviant stimulus lay within the same category as the standard and the other lay across the categorical boundary from the standard, but both were acoustically equidistant from the standard in terms of the second formant transition. When the standard stimulus was drawn from the /ba/ end of the continuum, the across-category deviants elicited a clear mismatch negativity (MMN) in the auditory event-related potential whereas the within-category deviants did not. This MMN began at about 60-120 ms after stimulus onset and was present for several hundred ms. These results suggest that categorical processing of speech sounds occurs independently of attention at an early echoic memory stage. When the standard stimulus was drawn from the /da/ end of the continuum, the MMN to across-category deviants was not larger than the MMN to within-category deviants. Grand mean waveforms suggested that both deviant stimuli elicited small MMNs. Although this may indicate processing along an acoustic continuum, the results of the psychophysical tests suggest that the standard stimulus in this condition was too close to the category boundary for the deviants to evoke a consistent categorical mismatch.
Predicting pedestrian-vehicle interaction severity at unsignalized intersections
Creators: name: Muduli, Kaliprasana
name: Ghosh, Indrajit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health

description: This study aims to develop and validate a novel deep-learning model that predicts the severity of pedestrian-vehicle interactions at unsignalized intersections, distinctively integrating Transformer-based models with Multilayer Perceptrons (MLP). This approach leverages advanced feature analysis capabilities, offering a more direct and interpretable method than traditional models. High-resolution optical cameras recorded detailed pedestrian and vehicle movements at study sites, with data processed to extract trajectories and convert them into real-world coordinates via precise georeferencing. Trained observers categorized interactions into safe passage, critical event, and conflict based on movement patterns, speeds, and accelerations. Fleiss Kappa statistic measured inter-rater agreement to ensure evaluator consistency. This study introduces a novel deep-learning model combining Transformer-based time series data capabilities with the classification strengths of a Multilayer Perceptron (MLP). Unlike traditional models, this approach focuses on feature analysis for greater interpretability. The model, trained on dynamic input variables from trajectory data, employs attention mechanisms to evaluate the significance of each input variable, offering deeper insights into factors influencing interaction severity. The model demonstrated high performance across different severity categories: safe interactions achieved a precision of 0.78, recall of 0.91, and F1-score of 0.84. In more severe categories like critical events and conflicts, precision and recall were even higher. Overall accuracy stood at 0.87, with both macro and weighted averages for precision, recall, and F1-score also at 0.87. The variable importance analysis, using attention scores from the proposed transformer model, identified ‘Vehicle Speed’ as the most significant input variable positively influencing severity. Conversely, ‘Approaching Angle’ and ‘Vehicle Distance from Conflict Point’ negatively impacted severity. Other significant factors included ‘Type of Vehicle’, ‘Pedestrian Speed’, and ‘Pedestrian Yaw Rate’, highlighting the complex interplay of behavioral and environmental factors in pedestrian-vehicle interactions. This study introduces a deep-learning model that effectively predicts the severity of pedestrian-vehicle interactions at crosswalks, utilizing a Transformer-MLP hybrid architecture with high precision and recall across severity categories. Key factors influencing severity were identified, paving the way for further enhancements in real-time analysis and broader safety assessments in urban settings.
Nachhaltige Wege aus der Wirtschaftskrise
Creators: name: Gibis, Claudia
name: Kosmol, Jan
name: Matthey, Astrid
name: Schubert, Tim
name: Wehnemann, Kai
Publisher: name: Umweltbundesamt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Stellungnahme
subject: Pandemie
subject: Corona-Krise
subject: Wiederaufbau
subject: energiesektor
subject: Mobilitätssektor
subject: Gebäudesektor
subject: Klima | Energie
subject: Wirtschaft | Konsum
subject: Nachhaltigkeit | Strategien | Internationales

description: Die Covid-19-Pandemie verursacht weltweit erhebliche Verwerfungen in Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft. Kurz- und mittelfristigen Finanzhilfen zur Abmilderung der akuten Folgen von Corona müssen so ausgerichtet werden, dass sie gleichzeitig den langfristig nötigen Wandel hin zu einer nachhaltigen und klimaneutralen Gesellschaft befördern. Das UBA -Positionspapier schlägt einen Aktionsplan für Deutschland vor, der sowohl die Rahmenbedingungen für eine nachhaltige Wirtschaftsweise als auch konkrete Maßnahmen in den Bereichen Energie, Mobilität und Gebäude in den Blick nimmt. Als zentrales Dach dieser Maßnahmen gilt, auf europäischer Ebene den European Green Deal ambitioniert umzusetzen. Quelle: www.umweltbundesamt.de
description: Die Covid-19-Pandemie verursacht weltweit erhebliche Verwerfungen in Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft. Kurz- und mittelfristigen Finanzhilfen zur Abmilderung der akuten Folgen von Corona müssen so ausgerichtet werden, dass sie gleichzeitig den langfristig nötigen Wandel hin zu einer nachhaltigen und klimaneutralen Gesellschaft befördern. Das ⁠UBA⁠-Positionspapier schlägt einen Aktionsplan für Deutschland vor, der sowohl die Rahmenbedingungen für eine nachhaltige Wirtschaftsweise als auch konkrete Maßnahmen in den Bereichen Energie, Mobilität und Gebäude in den Blick nimmt. Als zentrales Dach dieser Maßnahmen gilt, auf europäischer Ebene den European Green Deal ambitioniert umzusetzen.
3288021.pdf
Creators: name: Hamidfar, Tabassom
name: Tokmakov, Kirill
name: Mangan, Brian
name: Windeler, Robert
name: Dmitriev, Artemiy
name: Vitullo, Dashiell
name: Bianucci, Pablo
name: Sumetsky, Misha
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: supplementary material
title: Kontrol'nye spiski dlja izucenija i ocenki sostojanija promyslennych ob'ektov s opasnymi dlja vody vescestvami i preparatami v celljulozno-bumaznoj promyslennosti
title: Целлюлозно-бумажная промышленность: № Ц. 00: Обзор
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Winkelmann-Oei, Gerhard
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Papierindustrie
subject: Zellstoffindustrie
subject: Gewässerschutz
subject: Wasserverunreinigung
subject: Risikomanagement
subject: Leitfaden
subject: paper industry
subject: pulp industry
subject: pulp production
subject: water protection
subject: water pollution
subject: water pollutants
subject: risk management
subject: checklist
subject: guideline
subject: Chemikalien
subject: Chemicals

description: Diese branchenspezifischen Checklisten bilden einen Leitfaden für die Untersuchung und Beurteilung des Zustandes von Anlagen mit wassergefährdenden Stoffen und Zubereitungen in der Zellulose- und Papierindustrie. Dabei bieten sie eine Übersicht über die verschiedenen Handlungsfelder sowie einen nach Produktionsbereichen aufgeteilten Bereich um potentielle Risikoquellen und Modernisierungsziele zu identifizieren. Quelle: Bericht
description: Эти отраслевые контрольные листы представляют собой руководство по проверке и оценке состояния установок с вредными для водных ресурсов материалами и растворами в целлюлозно-бумажной промышленности. При этом они предлагают обзор различных сфер деятельности, а также сферы, разделенной по производственным отраслям, для идентификации потенциальных источников риска и целей модернизации.
A comparison between bridge-related and non-bridge crashes: severity, vehicle involvement, and motorists’ characteristics
Creators: name: Tran, Tung T.
name: Truong, Long T.
name: Theofilatos, Athanasios
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Bridges, though representing a small portion of transport networks by length, are still prone to traffic crashes. Despite extensive research on bridge-related crashes globally, there’s a scarcity of studies exploring differences between bridge- and non-bridge-related crashes. Thus, this paper attempts to add to the current knowledge by comparing bridge-related crashes and non-bridge crashes using a case study in Victoria, Australia. By utilizing crash data in Victoria between January 2006 and April 2023; the Chi-squared test is conducted to examine differences between crash types. Partial proportion odds models are then employed to establish if bridge-related crashes tend to be more severe. In general, the analysis reveals that bridge-related crashes tend to result in more severe injury outcomes compared to non-bridge crashes. Furthermore, there is evidence that bridge-related crashes are more likely to be single-vehicle, to involve a heavy vehicle as well as young/male motorists, and to occur on high-speed roads, regional areas and at nighttime than non-bridge crashes. A targeted program aiming at enhancing traffic safety at bridges is recommended due to the higher severity of bridge-related crashes. Considering the presence of bridges on the road network, and particularly in regional areas where many are in poorer conditions, it is essential to consider retrofitting as well as low-cost solutions in order to complement motorist education and awareness programs. Specific groups with higher risks of being involved in bridge-related crashes, such as young male motorists, should be targeted in these programs.
An epigenome-wide association study in whole blood of measures of adiposity among Ghanaians: the RODAM study
Creators: name: Meeks, Karlijn A. C.
name: Henneman, Peter
name: Venema, Andrea
name: Burr, Tom
name: Galbete, Cecilia
name: Danquah, Ina
name: Schulze, Matthias B.
name: Mockenhaupt, Frank P.
name: Owusu-Dabo, Ellis
name: Rotimi, Charles N.
name: Addo, Juliet
name: Smeeth, Liam
name: Bahendeka, Silver
name: Spranger, Joachim
name: Mannens, Marcel M. A. M.
name: Zafarmand, Mohammad H.
name: Agyemang, Charles
name: Adeyemo, Adebowale
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: DNA methylation
subject: Africans
subject: Adiposity
subject: Obesity
subject: BMI
subject: Abdominal obesity
subject: Waist circumference
subject: Epigenetic epidemiology
subject: EWAS
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background: Epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) have identified DNA methylation loci involved in adiposity. However, EWAS on adiposity in sub- Saharan Africans are lacking despite the high burden of adiposity among African populations. We undertook an EWAS for anthropometric indices of adiposity among Ghanaians aiming to identify DNA methylation loci that are significantly associated. Methods: The Illumina 450k DNA methylation array was used to profile DNA methylation in whole blood samples of 547 Ghanaians from the Research on Obesity and Diabetes among African Migrants (RODAM) study. Differentially methylated positions (DMPs) and differentially methylation regions (DMRs) were identified for BMI and obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2), as well as for waist circumference (WC) and abdominal obesity (WC ≥ 102 cm in men, ≥88 cm in women). All analyses were adjusted for age, sex, blood cell distribution estimates, technical covariates, recruitment site and population stratification. We also did a replication study of previously reported EWAS loci for anthropometric indices in other populations. Results: We identified 18 DMPs for BMI and 23 for WC. For obesity and abdominal obesity, we identified three and one DMP, respectively. Fourteen DMPs overlapped between BMI and WC. DMP cg00574958 annotated to gene CPT1A was the only DMP associated with all outcomes analysed, attributing to 6.1 and 5.6% of variance in obesity and abdominal obesity, respectively. DMP cg07839457 (NLRC5) and cg20399616 (BCAT1) were significantly associated with BMI, obesity and with WC and had not been reported by previous EWAS on adiposity. Conclusions: This first EWAS for adiposity in Africans identified three epigenome-wide significant loci (CPT1A, NLRC5 and BCAT1) for both general adiposity and abdominal adiposity. The findings are a first step in understanding the role of DNA methylation in adiposity among sub-Saharan Africans. Studies on other sub-Saharan African populations as well as translational studies are needed to determine the role of these DNA methylation variants in the high burden of adiposity among sub- Saharan Africans.
TWO APPLICATIONS OF THE BELL POLYNOMIALS
Creators: name: R. Sivaraman*, J. D. Bulnes** & J. López-Bonilla***
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: We show that the Hermite polynomials and the number of self-conjugate permutations of {1, 2, …, n} can be written in terms of Bell polynomials.
Predicting Oral Drug Absorption: Mini Review on Physiologically-Based Pharmacokinetic Models
Creators: name: Lin, Louis
name: Wong, Harvey
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2019

description: Most marketed drugs are administered orally, despite the complex process of oral absorption that is difficult to predict. Oral bioavailability is dependent on the interplay between many processes that are dependent on both compound and physiological properties. Because of this complexity, computational oral physiologically-based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models have emerged as a tool to integrate these factors in an attempt to mechanistically capture the process of oral absorption. These models use inputs from in vitro assays to predict the pharmacokinetic behavior of drugs in the human body. The most common oral PBPK models are compartmental approaches, in which the gastrointestinal tract is characterized as a series of compartments through which the drug transits. The focus of this review is on the development of oral absorption PBPK models, followed by a brief discussion of the major applications of oral PBPK models in the pharmaceutical industry.
High-risk powered two-wheelers scenarios generation for autonomous vehicle testing using WGAN
Creators: name: Luo, Xiaolong
name: Wei, Zhiyuan
name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Huang, Helai
name: Zhou, Rui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Autonomous vehicles (AVs) have the potential to revolutionize the future of mobility by significantly improving traffic safety. This study presents a novel method for validating the safety performance of AVs in high-risk scenarios involving powered 2-wheelers (PTWs). By generating high-risk scenarios using in-depth crash data, this study is devoted to addressing the challenge of public road scenarios in testing, which often lack the necessary complexity and risk to effectively evaluate the capabilities of AVs in high-risk situations. Our approach employs a Wasserstein generative adversarial network (WGAN) to generate high-risk scenes, particularly focusing on PTW scenarios. By extracting 314 car-to-PTW crashes from the China In-depth Mobility Safety Study–Traffic Accident database, we simulate outcomes using PC-Crash software. The data are divided into scenes at 0.1-s intervals, with WGAN generating numerous high-risk scenes. By using a cumulative distribution function (CDF), we sampled and analyzed the vehicle’s dynamic information to generate complete scenarios applicable to the test. The validation process involves using the SVL Simulator and the Baidu Apollo joint simulation platform to evaluate the AV’s driving behavior and interactions with PTWs. This study evaluates model generation results by comparing distributions using Wasserstein distance as an indicator. The generator converges after approximately 200 epochs, with the iterator converging quickly. Subsequently, 10,000 new scenes are then generated. The distribution of several key parameters in the generated scenes can be found to approximate that of the original scenes. After sampling, the usability of generated scenarios is 64.76%. Virtual simulations confirm the effectiveness of the scenario generation method, with a generated scenario crash rate of 16.50% closely reflecting the original rate of 15.0%, showcasing the method’s capacity to produce realistic and hazardous scenarios. The experimental results suggest that these scenarios exhibit a level of risk similar to the original crashes and are effective for testing AVs. Consequently, the generated scenarios enhance the diversity of the scenario library and accelerate the overall testing process of AVs.
title: Baseline participation in a health examination survey of the population 65 years and older
title: who is missed and why?
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Gaertner, Beate
name: Seitz, Ina
name: Fuchs, Judith
name: Busch, Markus A.
name: Holzhausen, Martin
name: Martus, Peter
name: Scheidt-Nave, Christa
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Aging population
subject: Non-participation
subject: Public health monitoring
subject: Reasons for non-participation
subject: Register-based population
subject: Selection bias
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Background Public health monitoring depends on valid health and disability estimates in the population 65+ years. This is hampered by high non- participation rates in this age group. There is limited insight into size and direction of potential baseline selection bias. Methods We analyzed baseline non-participation in a register-based random sample of 1481 inner-city residents 65+ years, invited to a health examination survey according to demographics available for the entire sample, self-report information as available and reasons for non-participation. One year after recruitment, non- responders were revisited to assess their reasons. Results Five groups defined by participation status were differentiated: participants (N = 299), persons who had died or moved (N = 173), those who declined participation, but answered a short questionnaire (N = 384), those who declined participation and the short questionnaire (N = 324), and non-responders (N = 301). The results confirm substantial baseline selection bias with significant underrepresentation of persons 85+ years, persons in residential care or from disadvantaged neighborhoods, with lower education, foreign citizenship, or lower health-related quality of life. Finally, reasons for non-participation could be identified for 78 % of all non-participants, including 183 non- responders. Conclusion A diversity in health problems and barriers to participation exists among non-participants. Innovative study designs are needed for public health monitoring in aging populations.
Enhancing real-time conflict identification using trajectory data: Exploring the impact of interactions among traffic flow state variables
Creators: name: Wu, Dan
name: Wu, Gaoming
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Virology

description: This study aims to address the limitations of using historical crash data and trajectory data for crash and conflict identification. Specifically, it focuses on enhancing real-time conflict identification by investigating the influence of traffic flow state variables and their interactions on conflicts. Vehicle trajectory data from HighD were processed, allowing extraction of traffic flow state and corresponding conflict during a specific time interval (10 s). Logistic regression models were further used to verify the impact of variables, including interaction terms, on the conflicts for different lane categories (inner, middle, and outer lanes). Additionally, machine learning techniques were employed to compare conflict identification performance including or excluding variable interactions. The interaction terms of the traffic flow state variables have significant effects on the conflicts for different categories of lanes. It is therefore essential to consider both the individual effects of traffic variables and their interaction effects to analyze conflict risk. Considering variable interactions leads to improved conflict identification accuracy and reduced identification error rates in comparison to the condition where interaction items are not taken into account. The interaction terms of traffic flow state variables significantly affect and enhance conflict identification, improving accuracy and reducing error rates. These findings contribute to advancing the high-precision identification of real-time conflict identification, with implications for improving road safety measures.
title: Globale Wanderungsbewegungen
title: Globale Wanderungsbewegungen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Beier, Christoph
name: Messner, Dirk
name: Preuß, Hans-Joachim A.
Publisher: name: Springer Fachmedien
Year: 2020

description: Nach wie vor sind praktikable Vorschläge für den Umgang mit Flucht und Vertreibung aufgrund von Gewalt, das Management von globalen Wanderungsbewegungen und die Integration von Flüchtlingen und Migranten rar. Dieses Buch wirft vor dem Hintergrund der aktuellen Debatten um den richtigen Umgang mit Flucht und Migration einen Blick auf langfristig wirksame Lösungen. In den verschiedenen Kapiteln beleuchten Fachleute aus Wissenschaft, Politik und Praxis die Ursachen für globale Wanderungsbewegungen und die Konsequenzen von Migration auf politischer, wirtschaftlicher und sozialer Ebene. Dabei stehen nicht die Vermeidung von Wanderungsbewegungen, sondern vor allem die Nutzung positiver Effekte in Herkunfts-, Transit- und Zielländern im Mittelpunkt der Diskussion. Quelle: Verlagsinformation
Hate crime in Canada: A quantitative analysis of victimization survey data.
Creators: name: Edgar, Jill Marie.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Canadian Studies.

description: Hate crime victimization in Canada is a criminal justice issue that has received insufficient attention. To address this lack of information, Statistics Canada included two questions concerning hate crime on the 1999 administration of the General Social Survey. The data from this survey were analyzed for this thesis. Differences between hate crime and non-hate crime respondents were examined. Subsequently, the three most frequently reported hate crime motivation categories of race/ethnicity, sex and culture were compared. The results of the analysis revealed that while differences exist between hate crime and non-hate crime respondents, the main differences appeared between respondents reporting sex-motivated hate crimes and those in the two remaining categories of race/ethnicity and culture. The main variations were in the reasons respondents cited for not reporting the incident to the police and their psychological reactions to the event. Those who perceived their victimization to be based upon their race/ethnicity or culture did not report the incident to the police because they felt it was not important enough. Respondents victimized on the basis of their sex indicated that they did not bring the incident to the attention of the police because they felt the "police do nothing". While respondents of the three motivation categories of hate crime examined in this study reported being fearful as a result of their victimization, respondents who perceived themselves as having been the victim of a sex-based hate crime were substantially less likely than those victimized as a result of their race/ethnicity or culture to report that they were not effected that much.
Dalla stereoscopia a Instagram. Origini e destino sociomediale della fotografia
Creators: name: Fiorentino, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Fotografia social media Instagram archeologia

description: Fiorentino, Giovanni, Dalla fotografia a Instagram. Origini e destino sociomediale della fotografia, in Menduni E., Marmo R., a cura di, Fotografie e culture visuale del XXI secolo, RomaTrePress, Roma, 2018, pp.493-501 (ISBN:9788894185010). romatrepress.uniroma3.it/libro/fotografia-e-culture-visuali-del-xxi-secolo/
A uniform randomized routing algorithm.
Creators: name: Contreras, Felipe.
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Computer Science.

description: Given a set of routes between pairs of sites over a communication network, the traffic load of a link measures the number of routes using it. We analyze traffic load for some randomized local routing algorithms, some of which assume geometric information on the network. We also propose a uniform randomized routing algorithm generating uniform distributed routes between a pair of sites where only source, destination and current neighbor information are available.
Fluorescence-based monitoring of ribosome assembly landscapes
Creators: name: Nikolay, Rainer
name: Schloemer, Renate
name: Mueller, Silke
name: Deuerling, Elke
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Background Ribosomes and functional complexes of them have been analyzed at the atomic level. Far less is known about the dynamic assembly and degradation events that define the half-life of ribosomes and guarantee their quality control. Results We developed a system that allows visualization of intact ribosomal subunits and assembly intermediates (i.e. assembly landscapes) by convenient fluorescence-based analysis. To this end, we labeled the early assembly ribosomal proteins L1 and S15 with the fluorescent proteins mAzami green and mCherry, respectively, using chromosomal gene insertion. The reporter strain harbors fluorescently labeled ribosomal subunits that operate wild type-like, as shown by biochemical and growth assays. Using genetic and chemical perturbations by depleting genes encoding the ribosomal proteins L3 and S17, respectively, or using ribosome-targeting antibiotics, we provoked ribosomal subunit assembly defects. These defects were readily identified by fluorometric analysis after sucrose density centrifugation in unprecedented resolution. Conclusion This strategy is useful to monitor and characterize subunit specific assembly defects caused by ribosome-targeting drugs that are currently used and to characterize new molecules that affect ribosome assembly and thereby constitute new classes of antibacterial agents.
Change in the collision avoidance performance of autonomous emergency braking systems
Creators: name: Miyoshi, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This study quantifies the change in collision avoidance performance of autonomous emergency braking (AEB) systems for traffic accidents in Japan since 2015. This study used data on Japanese traffic accidents compiled by Japan’s National Police Agency. The data included only accidents involving loss of or injury to human life; accidents involving only property damage were excluded. We restricted our analysis to collisions between two 4-wheel vehicles and considered only collisions for which we could determine whether the primary party’s car was equipped with an AEB system. Both Poisson and negative binomial mixed-effects regression analyses were conducted using the data for 2021 and 2022 to measure the collision avoidance performance of first registered cars in 2015 to 2020 equipped with AEB systems compared with cars without AEB systems first registered in 2015. Collision avoidance performance was measured for 2 types of intervehicle collisions: rear-end collisions and right-turn collisions. Collision avoidance performance for rear-end collisions was also measured for each of the 3 car types—Standard, small, and light cars. The collision reduction rate for rear-end collisions increases with the year of first registration and for cars equipped with AEB systems first registered in 2020 compared with non-AEB-equipped cars first registered in 2015 is 69.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 67.0%–71.1%), indicating that the performance of AEB systems has dramatically improved in terms of preventing rear-end collisions. For right-turn collisions, the rate increased to 20.4% (95% CI 5.9%–32.6%) for cars equipped with AEB systems first registered in 2019. However, no clear trend is observed. This study evaluated a time series of the collision reduction performance of AEB systems using an original methodology. Japan’s New Car Assessment Program (JNCAP) has included AEB’s effectiveness in reducing damage from traffic collisions as an evaluation item since FY2014. The results could demonstrate the effectiveness of JNCAP.
Voluntary running influences the efficacy of fluoxetine treatment in a model of postpartum depression
Creators: name: Gobinath, Aarthi R.
name: Richardson, Robin J.
name: Chow, Carmen
name: Workman, Joanna L.
name: Lieblich, Stephanie E.
name: Barr, Alasdair McMillan
name: Galea, Liisa A. M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2018

description: Postpartum depression affects approximately 15% of mothers. Unfortunately, treatment options for postpartum depression are limited. Pharmacological antidepressants such as fluoxetine (FLX) can be controversial due to inconclusive evidence of efficacy during the postpartum and concerns of neonatal exposure to antidepressants. Alternatively, non-pharmacological antidepressants such as exercise may be less controversial but its efficacy in postpartum depression is unclear. To investigate this, we treated rat dams daily with high levels of corticosterone (CORT; 40 mg/kg), to induce a depressive-like phenotype, or oil (vehicle for CORT) during the postpartum period. Within the oil and CORT conditions, four additional antidepressant conditions were created: 1. FLX (10 mg/kg) + exercise (voluntary access to running wheel); 2. FLX + no exercise; 3. Saline (vehicle for FLX) + exercise; 4. Saline + No exercise. We examined maternal care, depressive-like and anxiety-like behavior, stress reactivity, and hippocampal neurogenesis and dams were categorized as “high running” or “low running.” FLX treatment, alone or with high running, prevented CORT-induced disruptions in maternal care. As expected, CORT increased depressive-like behavior but exercise, regardless of running amount, reduced depressive-like behavior. Intriguingly, FLX, but not CORT, increased anxiety-like behavior, which was not mitigated by concurrent exercise. FLX treatment slightly but significantly facilitated serum CORT recovery after forced swim stress. CORT and FLX alone reduced neurogenesis, while exercise coupled with FLX increased density of doublecortin-expressing cells. High running increased density of doublecortin-expressing cells (immature neurons) in comparison to controls. Collectively, these findings indicate that FLX and exercise reverse different endophenotypes of depression in dams, which has translational implications for surveying treatment options of postpartum depression.
Cardiac Autonomic Modulations and Psychological Correlates in the Yukon Arctic Ultra: The Longest and the Coldest Ultramarathon
Creators: name: Rundfeldt, Lea C.
name: Maggioni, Martina A.
name: Coker, Robert H.
name: Gunga, Hanns-Christian
name: Riveros-Rivera, Alain
name: Schalt, Adriane
name: Steinach, Mathias
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: cold
subject: exercise performance
subject: extreme environments
subject: fatigue
subject: heart rate variability
subject: mood
subject: subarctic ultramarathon
subject: ultra-endurance
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::612 Humanphysiologie

description: Studies on human physical performance in extreme environments have effectively approached the investigation of adaptation mechanisms and their physiological limits. As scientific interest in the interplay between physiological and psychological aspects of performance is growing, we aimed to investigate cardiac autonomic control, by means of heart rate variability, and psychological correlates, in competitors of a subarctic ultramarathon, taking place over a 690 km course (temperatures between +5 and −47°C). At baseline (PRE), after 277 km (D1), 383 km (D2), and post-race (POST, 690 km), heart rate (HR) recordings (supine, 15 min), psychometric measurements (Profile of Mood States/POMS, Borg fatigue, and Karolinska Sleepiness Scale scores both upon arrival and departure) were obtained in 16 competitors (12 men, 4 women, 38.6 ± 9.5 years). As not all participants reached the finish line, comparison of finishers (FIN, n = 10) and non-finishers (NON, n = 6), allowed differential assessment of performance. Resting HR increased overall significantly at D1 (FIN +15.9; NON +14.0 bpm), due to a significant decrease in parasympathetic drive. This decrease was in FIN only partially recovered toward POST. In FIN only, baseline HR was negatively correlated with mean velocity [r −0.63 (P.04)] and parasympathetic drive [pNN50+: r −0.67 (P.03)], a lower HR and a higher vagal tone predicting a better performance. Moreover, in FIN, a persistent increase of the long-term self-similarity coefficient, assessed by detrended fluctuation analysis (DFAα2), was retrieved, possibly due to higher alertness. As for psychometrics, at D1, POMS Vigor decreased (FIN: −7.0; NON: −3.8), while Fatigue augmented (FIN: +6.9; NON: +5.0). Sleepiness increased only in NON, while Borg scales did not exhibit changes. Baseline comparison of mood states with normative data for athletes displayed significantly higher positive mood in our athletes. Results show that: the race conditions induced early decreases in parasympathetic drive; the extent of vagal withdrawal, associated to the timing of its recovery, is crucial for success; pre-competition lower resting HR predicts a better performance; psychological profile is reliably depicted by POMS, but not by Borg fatigue scales. Therefore, assessment of heart rate variability and psychological profile may monitor and partly predict performance in long-duration ultramarathon in extreme cold environment.
THE DIFFERENTIAL SIZE GROWTH of FIELD and CLUSTER GALAXIES at z = 2.1 USING the ZFOURGE SURVEY
Creators: name: Allen, Rebecca
name: Kacprzak, Glenn
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Labbe, Ivo
name: Tran, Kim-Vy H.
name: Straatman, Caroline M. S.
name: Nanayakkara, Themiya
name: Brammer, Gabriel B.
name: Quadri, Ryan F.
name: Cowley, Michael
name: Monson, Andy
name: Papovich, Casey
name: Persson, S. Eric
name: Rees, Glen
name: Tilvi, V.
name: Tomczak, Adam R.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 510103
subject: Cosmology and extragalactic astronomy

description: There is ongoing debate regarding the extent that environment affects galaxy size growth beyond z>1. To investigate the differences in star-forming and quiescent galaxy properties as a function of environment at z=2.1, we create a mass-complete sample of 59 cluster galaxies Spitler et al. (2012) and 478 field galaxies with log(M)>9 using photometric redshifts from the ZFOURGE survey. We compare the mass-size relation of field and cluster galaxies using measured galaxy semi-major axis half-light radii (r1/2,maj) from CANDELS HST/F160W imaging. We find consistent mass normalized (log(M)=10.7) sizes for quiescent field galaxies (r1/2,maj=1.81±0.29 kpc) and quiescent cluster galaxies (r1/2,maj=2.17±0.63 kpc). The mass normalized size of star-forming cluster galaxies (r1/2,maj=4.00±0.26 kpc ) is 12% larger (KS test 2.1σ) than star-forming field galaxies (r1/2,maj=3.57±0.10 kpc). From the mass-color relation we find that quiescent field galaxies with 9.710.4 have consistent colors. We find that star-forming cluster galaxies are on average 20% redder than star-forming field galaxies at all masses. Furthermore, we stack galaxy images to measure average radial color profiles as a function of mass. Negative color gradients are only present for massive star-forming field and cluster galaxies with log(M)>10.4, the remaining galaxy masses and types have flat profiles. Our results suggest given the observed differences in size and color of star-forming field and cluster galaxies, that the environment has begun to influence/accelerate their evolution. However, the lack of differences between field and cluster quiescent galaxies indicates that the environment has not begun to significantly influence their evolution at z~2.