cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Will Nonlinear Peculiar Velocity and Inhomogeneous Reionization Spoil 21cm Cosmology from the Epoch of Reionization?
Creators: name: Shapiro, Paul R.
name: Mao, Yi
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Datta, Kanan K.
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Koda, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 21cm background from the epoch of reionization is a promising cosmological probe: line-of-sight velocity fluctuations distort redshift, so brightness fluctuations in Fourier space depend upon angle, which linear theory shows can separate cosmological from astrophysical information. Nonlinear fluctuations in ionization, density and velocity change this, however. The validity and accuracy of the separation scheme are tested here for the first time, by detailed reionization simulations. The scheme works reasonably well early in reionization (< 40% ionized), but not late (> 80% ionized).
description: 2 figures, matches published PRL version
Moment estimates for convex measures
Creators: name: Adamczak, Radosław
name: Guédon, Olivier
name: Latała, Rafał
name: Litvak, Alexander E.
name: Oleszkiewicz, Krzysztof
name: Pajor, Alain
name: Tomczak-Jaegermann, Nicole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B06, 60E15, 60F10 (Primary) 52A23, 52A40 (Secondary)

description: Let $p\geq 1$, $\eps >0$, $r\geq (1+\eps) p$, and $X$ be a $(-1/r)$-concave random vector in $\R^n$ with Euclidean norm $|X|$. We prove that $(\E |X|^{p})^{1/{p}}\leq c (C(\eps) \E|X|+σ_{p}(X))$, where $σ_{p}(X)=\sup_{|z|\leq 1}(\E||^{p})^{1/p}$, $C(\eps)$ depends only on $\eps$ and $c$ is a universal constant. Moreover, if in addition $X$ is centered then $(\E |X|^{-p})^{-1/{p}}\geq c(\eps) (\E|X| - C σ_{p}(X))$.
Diphoton production in the ADD model to NLO+parton shower accuracy at the LHC
Creators: name: Frederix, R.
name: Mandal, Manoj K.
name: Mathews, Prakash
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Seth, Satyajit
name: Torrielli, P.
name: Zaro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the next-to-leading order predictions for diphoton production in the ADD model, matched to the HERWIG parton shower using the MC@NLO formalism. A selection of the results is presented for d=2-6 extra dimensions, using generic cuts as well as analysis cuts mimicking the search strategies as pursued by the ATLAS and CMS experiments.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures
N=2 gauge theories on toric singularities, blow-up formulae and W-algebrae
Creators: name: Bonelli, Giulio
name: Maruyoshi, Kazunobu
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
name: Yagi, Futoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We compute the Nekrasov partition function of gauge theories on the (resolved) toric singularities C^2/Γin terms of blow-up formulae. We discuss the expansion of the partition function in the ε_1,ε_2 \to 0 limit along with its modular properties and how to derive them from the M-theory perspective. On the two-dimensional conformal field theory side, our results can be interpreted in terms of representations of the direct sum of Heisenberg plus W_N-algebrae with suitable central charges, which can be computed from the fan of the resolved toric variety.We provide a check of this correspondence by computing the central charge of the two-dimensional theory from the anomaly polynomial of M5-brane theory. Upon using the AGT correspondence our results provide a candidate for the conformal blocks and three-point functions of a class of the two-dimensional CFTs which includes parafermionic theories.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure; v2: discussions on U(1) gauge theory and Frenkel-Kac construction have been added in section 5.1, and typos corrected; v3: published version; v4: typos corrected
Effects of using the Informed Health Choices digital secondary school resources on the ability of Rwandan students to think critically about health: protocol for a cluster-randomised trial
Creators: name: Mugisha, Michael
name: Nyirazinyoye, Laetitia
name: Simbi, Clarisse Marie Claudine
name: Chesire, Faith
name: Ssenyonga, Ronald
name: Oxman, Matt
name: Nsangi, Allen
name: Semakula, Daniel
name: Dahlgren, Astrid
name: Kaseje, Margaret
name: Lewin, Simon
name: Sewankambo, Nelson K.
name: Rosenbaum, Sarah
name: Oxman, Andrew D.
name: Rose, Christopher James
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: critical thinking
secondary school curriculum
adolescents
treatment claims
health literacy
Rwanda

description: Background: Young people are exposed to many claims about the effects of things they can do to protect or improve health. To make good health choices, they need the ability to assess the reliability of those claims critically. Critical thinking is a core competence in the Rwandan secondary school curriculum and in many countries. However, critical thinking about health is rarely taught in Rwanda. Digital secondary school resources for critical thinking about health can potentially address this gap and if published be widely disseminated at low cost. The objective of the planned study is to evaluate the effects of using digital secondary school resources to help students learn to think critically about health.

Methods: We will conduct a two-arm cluster-randomized trial. We will randomly select 84 lower secondary schools from 10 districts representing all five provinces of Rwanda. Using stratified random allocation, we will assign 84 schools to the intervention or control arm. Schools in the intervention arm will teach 10-lessons after teacher training on the content of the secondary school resources. Schools in the control arm will not receive any training and resources. They will carry on with teaching the national curriculum. The primary outcome will be the proportion of students with a predetermined passing score on a test with multiple-choice questions from the Claim Evaluation Tools item bank. The questions measure the ability to apply key concepts related to assessing health claims and making informed health choices. The test will include two questions addressing each of the nine concepts covered by the secondary school resources.

Discussion: This is one of three randomized trials to assess the effects of the Informed Health Choices secondary school resources in Rwanda, Kenya, and Uganda.  The findings will inform decisions about how to promote critical thinking about health. Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, trial identifier: PACTR202203880375077, Registered on 15th February 2022.
description: An amendment to the protocol describing plans for sensitivity analyses to address missing outcome data for the one-year follow-up has been uploaded (Protocol amendment 1-year follow-up sensitivity analyses.pdf).
Quantum crystal growing: Adiabatic preparation of a bosonic antiferromagnet in the presence of a parabolic inhomogeneity
Creators: name: Gammelmark, Søren
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the adiabatic preparation of an antiferromagnetic phase in a mixed Mott insulator of two bosonic atom species in a one-dimensional optical lattice. In such a system one can engineer a tunable parabolic inhomogeneity by controlling the difference of the trapping potentials felt by the two species. Using numerical simulations we predict that a finite parabolic potential can assist the adiabatic preparation of the antiferromagnet. The optimal strength of the parabolic inhomogeneity depends sensitively on the number imbalance between the two species. We also find that during the preparation finite size effects will play a crucial role for a system of realistic size. The experiment that we propose can be realized, for example, using atomic mixtures of Rubidium 87 with Potassium 41 or Ytterbium 168 with Ytterbium 174.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 12 of The Pregnancy and EARly Life study (PEARL) - a longitudinal study to understand how gut microbes contribute to maintaining health during pregnancy and early life
Creators: name: Phillips, Sarah
name: Watt, Rachel
name: Atkinson, Thomas
name: Savva, George M
name: Hayhoe, Antonietta
name: Hall, Lindsay J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12. Twenty-four Months Post Birth Dietary Preferences and Perceptions Questionnaire
Manifestation of chiral tunneling at a tilted graphene pn junction
Creators: name: Sajjad, Redwan N.
name: Sutar, S.
name: Lee, J. U.
name: Ghosh, Avik W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons in graphene follow unconventional trajectories at PN junctions, driven by their pseudospintronic degree of freedom. Significant is the prominent angular dependence of transmission, capturing the chiral nature of the electrons and culminating in unit transmission at normal incidence (Klein tunneling). We theoretically show that such chiral tunneling can be directly observed from the junction resistance of a tilted interface probed with separate split gates. The junction resistance is shown to increase with tilt in agreement with recent experimental evidence. The tilt dependence arises because of the misalignment between modal density and the anisotropic transmission lobe oriented perpendicular to the tilt. A critical determinant is the presence of edge scattering events that can completely reverse the angle-dependence. The absence of such reversals in the experiments indicates that these edge effects are not overwhelmingly deleterious, making the premise of transport governed by electron `optics' in graphene an exciting possibility.
Improving the selection of changing-look AGNs through multi-wavelength photometric variability
Creators: name: López-Navas, E.
name: Sánchez-Sáez, P.
name: Arévalo, P.
name: Bernal, S.
name: Graham, M. J.
name: Hernández-García, L.
name: Homan, D.
name: Krumpe, M.
name: Lamer, G.
name: Lira, P.
name: Martínez-Aldama, M. L.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Ríos, S.
name: Salvato, M.
name: Stern, D.
name: Tubín-Arenas, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present second epoch optical spectra for 30 changing-look (CL) candidates found by searching for Type-1 optical variability in a sample of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) spectroscopically classified as Type 2. We use a random-forest-based light curve classifier and spectroscopic follow-up, confirming 50 per cent of candidates as turning-on CLs. In order to improve this selection method and to better understand the nature of the not-confirmed CL candidates, we perform a multi-wavelength variability analysis including optical, mid-infrared (MIR) and X-ray data, and compare the results from the confirmed and not-confirmed CLs identified in this work. We find that most of the not-confirmed CLs are consistent with weak Type 1s dominated by host-galaxy contributions, showing weaker optical and MIR variability. On the contrary, the confirmed CLs present stronger optical fluctuations and experience a long (from five to ten years) increase in their MIR fluxes and the colour W1-W2 over time. In the 0.2-2.3 keV band, at least four out of 11 CLs with available SRG/eROSITA detections have increased their flux in comparison with archival upper limits. These common features allow us to select the most promising CLs from our list of candidates, leading to nine sources with similar multi-wavelength photometric properties to our CL sample. The use of machine learning algorithms with optical and MIR light curves will be very useful to identify CLs in future large-scale surveys.
ОТА-ОНАЛАР ТОМОНИДАН БОЛАЛАРГА НИСБАТАН СОДИР ЭТИЛАЁТГАН ТАЗЙИҚ ВА ЗЎРАВОНЛИК МУАММОЛАРИ
Creators: name: Маҳмудходжаева, Умида
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Мақолада оила қонунчилигига кўра болаларнинг оилавий тазйиқ ва зўравонликдан ҳимоя қилишнинг назарий, хуқуқий ва амалий муаммолариўрганилди. Шунингдек хорижий давлатлар қонунчилиги, олимларнинг илмий-тадқиқот ишлари таҳлил этилиб, таклиф ва тавсиялар ишлаб чиқилди.
Advancing the Physics of Cosmic Distances: Conference Summary
Creators: name: de Grijs, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knowing the distance of an astrophysical object is key to understanding it. However, at present, comparisons of theory and observations are hampered by precision (or lack thereof) in distance measurements or estimates. Putting the many recent results and new developments into the broader context of the physics driving cosmic distance determination is the next logical step, which will benefit from the combined efforts of theorists, observers and modellers working on a large variety of spatial scales, and spanning a wide range of expertise. IAU Symposium 289 addressed the physics underlying methods of distance determination across the Universe, exploring the various approaches employed to define the milestones along the road. The meeting provided an exciting snapshot of the field of distance measurement, offering not only up-to-date results and a cutting-edge account of recent progress, but also full discussion of the pitfalls encountered and the uncertainties that remain. One of the meeting's main aims was to provide a roadmap for future efforts in this field, both theoretically and observationally.
description: 10 pages LaTeX (uses iau.cls); 1 encapsulated postscript figure; Proc. IAU Symp. 289 (eds. de Grijs R., Bono G.), in press
Armutsbekämpfung durch Kirchen auf dem Land. Protokoll einer Erkundungsstudie. Ein Bericht aus den Niederlanden
Creators: name: Noordegraaf, Herman
Publisher: name: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Year: 2018

description: -
description: DWI-Jahrbuch – Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre, Bd. 43: (2013): Diakoniewissenschaft in Forschung und Lehre
Inia d'Orbigny 1834
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Platanistidae
Inia

description: Inia d'Orbigny, 1834. Ann. Mus. Hist. Nat. Paris, 3: 31. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411001001000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 290, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
Single-layer MoS2 as efficient photocatalyst
Creators: name: Li, Yunguo
name: Li, Yan-ling
name: Araujo, Carlos Moyses
name: Luo, Wei
name: Ahuja, Rajeev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The potential application of the single-layer MoS2 as photocatalyst was revealed in this work based on first-principles calculations. It is found that the pristine single-layer MoS2 is a good candidate for photocatalyst, and its catalyzing ability can be tuned by the applied mechanical strain. Furthermore, the p-type doping could improve the catalyzing ability more efficiently: first, the p-type doping makes the direct transition of electron from valence band maximum (VBM) to conduction band minimum (CBM) viable; second, it separates the water splitting reaction sites by having reduction in Mo sites and oxidation in P dopant sites; third, it improves the efficiency by equalizing the reducing power Δ1 and oxidizing power Δ2, as well as by enhancing the light absorption in long wavelength end of the visible light. Thus enables the single-layer MoS2 to be a efficient visible-light photocatalyst.
Effects of using the Informed Health Choices digital secondary school resources on the ability of Rwandan students to think critically about health: protocol for a cluster-randomised trial
Creators: name: Mugisha, Michael
name: Nyirazinyoye, Laetitia
name: Simbi, Clarisse Marie Claudine
name: Chesire, Faith
name: Ssenyonga, Ronald
name: Oxman, Matt
name: Nsangi, Allen
name: Semakula, Daniel
name: Dahlgren, Astrid
name: Kaseje, Margaret
name: Lewin, Simon
name: Sewankambo, Nelson K.
name: Rosenbaum, Sarah
name: Oxman, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: critical thinking
secondary school curriculum
adolescents
treatment claims
health literacy
Rwanda

description: Background: Young people are exposed to many claims about the effects of things they can do to protect or improve health. To make good health choices, they need the ability to assess the reliability of those claims critically. Critical thinking is a core competence in the Rwandan secondary school curriculum and in many countries. However, critical thinking about health is rarely taught in Rwanda. Digital secondary school resources for critical thinking about health can potentially address this gap and if published be widely disseminated at low cost. The objective of the planned study is to evaluate the effects of using digital secondary school resources to help students learn to think critically about health. Methods: We will conduct a two-arm cluster-randomized trial. We will randomly select 84 lower secondary schools from 10 districts representing all five provinces of Rwanda. Using stratified random allocation, we will assign 84 schools to the intervention or control arm. Schools in the intervention arm will teach 10-lessons after teacher training on the content of the secondary school resources. Schools in the control arm will not receive any training and resources. They will carry on with teaching the national curriculum. The primary outcome will be the proportion of students with a predetermined passing score on a test with multiple-choice questions from the Claim Evaluation Tools item bank. The questions measure the ability to apply key concepts related to assessing health claims and making informed health choices. The test will include two questions addressing each of the nine concepts covered by the secondary school resources. Discussion: This is one of three randomized trials to assess the effects of the Informed Health Choices secondary school resources in Rwanda, Kenya, and Uganda. The findings will inform decisions about how to promote critical thinking about health. Trial registration: Pan African Clinical Trial Registry, trial identifier: PACTR202203880375077, Registered on 15th February 2022.
High-contrast imaging in the Hyades with snapshot LOCI
Creators: name: Morzinski, Katie M.
name: Macintosh, Bruce A.
name: Close, Laird M.
name: Marois, Christian
name: Konopacky, Quinn
name: Patience, Jenny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To image faint substellar companions obscured by the stellar halo and speckles, scattered light from the bright primary star must be removed in hardware or software. We apply the "locally-optimized combination of images" (LOCI) algorithm to 1-minute Keck Observatory snapshots of GKM dwarfs in the Hyades using source diversity to determine the most likely PSF. We obtain a mean contrast of 10^{-2} at 0.01", 10^{-4} at <1", and 10^{-5} at 5". New brown dwarf and low-mass stellar companions to Hyades primaries are found in a third of the 84 targeted systems. This campaign shows the efficacy of LOCI on snapshot imaging as well as on bright wide binaries with off-axis LOCI, reaching contrasts sufficient for imaging 625-Myr late-L/early-T dwarfs purely in post-processing.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, to appear in SPIE Astronomy 2012, paper 8447-160
I am more than a piece of paper. Listening to young people as they reflect on their lived experience of being in care and attending school.
Creators: name: Rathmell, Miranda
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2023

description: Children in residential care are some of the most vulnerable members of our society. Removed from their families and placed in the care of the state, these children deserve the best care and education experience that we can provide for them. For all children, education should be a rich tapestry of learning, building relationships and experiencing new opportunities. However, research literature indicates that our care experienced children do not achieve as well as their peers in education. Government statistics demonstrate that these children often do not meet their potential in measurable outcomes favoured by the government. This can result in poorer outcomes in later life. The move from family to residential care should be a protective factor for children that allows them to grow up in a place of safety, a place of care. In turn, a more stable home life should result in increased success in school. This is not always the case. This study used the qualitative method of Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to analyse data from interviews with ten care experienced young people. These children shared the experience of living in residential care during their school years. The voice of the child is central to this study and its findings complement the existing body of literature that has care experienced children at its heart.
Additional file 7 of The Pregnancy and EARly Life study (PEARL) - a longitudinal study to understand how gut microbes contribute to maintaining health during pregnancy and early life
Creators: name: Phillips, Sarah
name: Watt, Rachel
name: Atkinson, Thomas
name: Savva, George M
name: Hayhoe, Antonietta
name: Hall, Lindsay J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. CDCP Newborn 24 Months Post Birth Questionnaire.
Additional file 11 of The Pregnancy and EARly Life study (PEARL) - a longitudinal study to understand how gut microbes contribute to maintaining health during pregnancy and early life
Creators: name: Phillips, Sarah
name: Watt, Rachel
name: Atkinson, Thomas
name: Savva, George M
name: Hayhoe, Antonietta
name: Hall, Lindsay J
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 11. Four Months Post Birth Participant Dietary Preferences and Perceptions Questionnaire.
Is Pre-training Truly Better Than Meta-Learning?
Creators: name: Miranda, Brando
name: Yu, Patrick
name: Goyal, Saumya
name: Wang, Yu-Xiong
name: Koyejo, Sanmi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the context of few-shot learning, it is currently believed that a fixed pre-trained (PT) model, along with fine-tuning the final layer during evaluation, outperforms standard meta-learning algorithms. We re-evaluate these claims under an in-depth empirical examination of an extensive set of formally diverse datasets and compare PT to Model Agnostic Meta-Learning (MAML). Unlike previous work, we emphasize a fair comparison by using: the same architecture, the same optimizer, and all models trained to convergence. Crucially, we use a more rigorous statistical tool -- the effect size (Cohen's d) -- to determine the practical significance of the difference between a model trained with PT vs. a MAML. We then use a previously proposed metric -- the diversity coefficient -- to compute the average formal diversity of a dataset. Using this analysis, we demonstrate the following: 1. when the formal diversity of a data set is low, PT beats MAML on average and 2. when the formal diversity is high, MAML beats PT on average. The caveat is that the magnitude of the average difference between a PT vs. MAML using the effect size is low (according to classical statistical thresholds) -- less than 0.2. Nevertheless, this observation is contrary to the currently held belief that a pre-trained model is always better than a meta-learning model. Our extensive experiments consider 21 few-shot learning benchmarks, including the large-scale few-shot learning dataset Meta-Data set. We also show no significant difference between a MAML model vs. a PT model with GPT-2 on Openwebtext. We, therefore, conclude that a pre-trained model does not always beat a meta-learned model and that the formal diversity of a dataset is a driving factor.
A comparison of simulation-based approaches for practicing clinical skills
Creators: name: Margolis, Melissa
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: A Comparison of Simulation-based Approaches for Practicing Clinical Skills

 Background
 Clinical skills development requires consistent opportunities to practice and receive feedback. Despite the importance of these opportunities, they tend to be practically limited in number, breadth, and diversity of patient characteristics. Simulation is a powerful way to facilitate meaningful practice opportunities, yet it can be challenging to align training needs with specific simulation methods. This presentation describes two approaches to technology-based simulation and provides a review of associated use cases, strengths, and challenges that can help educators focus their efforts on identifying solutions that are aligned with real-world developmental needs.

 Summary of Work
 The first simulation approach used live actors to voice avatar ‘patients’. During three pilot studies, medical student learners interacted with 3-6 virtual patients and completed surveys about their experience.
 The second approach resulted from a proof-of-concept study assessing the feasibility of developing an AI-driven simulation of a conversation between learner and ‘patient’. Development included videorecording an actor’s answers to case-relevant questions and then building the simulation such that when the ‘patient’ is asked a question, the system searches for and shows the pre-recorded video clip that provides the appropriate response.

 Discussion and Conclusion
 Both simulation efforts revealed associated benefits, challenges, and use cases. Virtual patients, for example, can be used to increase exposure to a greater diversity of practice encounters even when actors matching desired characteristics are not available. These interactions could be more challenging from a logistical standpoint, however, as scheduling is dependent on the availability of live actors. The AI approach may necessitate more up-front technical developmental work, but it has the benefit of being completely automated once cases are developed. Careful consideration of the underlying assessment need(s)/goals(s) and the features of different simulation approaches can help to guide educators towards the most appropriate approach(es) for their learners.

 Take-home Message
 Technology-based simulation can provide learners with valuable opportunities to practice and improve their clinical skills. Because there is no one-size-fits-all approach, however, educators should focus on the specific educational needs of learners and the pros and cons of potential approaches when developing/recommending simulation-based practice activities.
Inia geoffrensis
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Cetacea
Platanistidae
Inia
Inia geoffrensis

description: Inia geoffrensis (de Blainville, 1817). Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., 9: 151. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, probably upper Amazon River. DISTRIBUTION: Amazon to the Mamora (Bolivia) and Orinoco river systems. COMMENT: Includes boliviensis; see Casinos and Ocana, 1979, Saugetierk. Mitt., 27: 149-206; but also see Pilleri and Gihr, 1977, Invest. Cetacea, 8: 11 -76, who considered it a distinct species. PROTECTED STATUS: CITES - Appendix II as Order Cetacea. ISIS NUMBER: 5301411001001001001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Cetacea, pp. 290-304 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 290, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352983
description: {"references": ["Casinos, A., and J. Ocana. 1979. A craniometric study of the genus Inia d'Orbigny, 1834 (Cetacea, Platanistoidea). Saugetierkundliche Mitteilungen, 27: 194 - 206.", "Pilleri, G., and M. Gihr. 1977. Observations on the Bolivian (Inia boliviensis d'Orbigny, 1834) and the Amazonian bufeo (Inia geoffrensis de Blainville, 1817) with description of a new subspecies (Inia geoffrensis humboldtiana). Investigations on Cetacea, 8: 11 - 77."]}
Hans-Christian Herrmann, Sozialer Besitzstand und gescheiterte Sozialpartnerschaft. Sozialpolitik und Gewerkschaften im Saarland 1945 bis 1955, 1996
Creators: name: Elzer, Herbert
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 25 Nr. 3 (1998)
Hellenistisch-frühkaiserzeitliche Reitersporen aus dem Zeusheiligtum von Olympia
Creators: name: Baitinger, Holger
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 82 Nr. 2 (2004)
Mittelalterliche Öfen und Feuerungsanlagen
Creators: name: Leineweber, Rosemarie
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Mittelalterliche Öfen und Feuerungsanlagen. Beiträge des 3. Kolloquiums des Arbeitskreises
zur archäologischen Erforschung des mittelalterlichen Handwerks, zusammengestellt von
Ralph Röber. Materialhefte zur Archäologie in Baden-Württemberg, Heft 62. Konrad
Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart 2002. ISBN 3-8062-1642-8; ISSN 1430-3442. 206 Seiten
mit zahlreichen Abb.ª
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 83 Nr. 1 (2005)
B/C ratio and the PAMELA positron excess
Creators: name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Ostapchenko, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the diffuse intensity of cosmic ray (CR) nuclei and their secondaries in the Boron-Carbon group produced by supernova remnants (SNR). The trajectories of charged particles in the SNR are modeled as a random walk in the test particle approximation. Secondary production by CRs colliding with gas in the SNR is included as a Monte Carlo process, while we use Galprop to account for the propagation and interactions of CRs in the Galaxy. In the vicinity of a source, we find an approximately constant B/C ratio as a function of energy. As a result, the B/C ratio at Earth does not rise with energy, but flattens instead in the high energy limit. This prediction can be soon tested by the AMS-2 collaboration.
description: 4 pages, 4 eps figures, v2: one reference added
Sönke Lorenz/B. Scholkmann/D. R. Bauer (Hrsg.), Die Alemannen und das Christentum. Zeugnisse eines kulturellen Umbruchs
Creators: name: Freeden, Uta Von
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Sönke Lorenz/B. Scholkmann/D. R. Bauer (Hrsg.), Die Alemannen und das Christentum.
Zeugnisse eines kulturellen Umbruchs. Schriften zur südwestdeutschen Landeskunde
48 Quart 2. Veröffentlichung des Alemannischen Instituts Nr.71. DRM-Verlag Weinbrenner
GmbH & Co., Leinfelden-Echterdingen 2003. ISBN 3-87181-748-1. 168
Seiten mit 53 Abbildungen.
description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 83 Nr. 2 (2005)
title: Enteignung oder Rückkauf?
Wie begriffliche Rahmung politische Meinungen beeinflusst!
Creators: name: Christmann, Ursula
name: Schnepf, Julia
name: Groeben, Norbert
Publisher: name: Heidelberg University Library
Year: 2019

description: Die sprach- und denkpsychologische Forschung hat nachgewiesen, dass die sprachliche Benennung von politischen Ereignissen und Konzepten die allgemeine Meinung dazu beeinflusst (Modell der begrifflichen Rahmung: Framing-Ansatz). In einer aktuellen Online-Studie (10./11.4. 2019 mit 300 TeilnehmerInnen) wurde untersucht, inwieweit das auch für die Benennung als ‚Enteignung’ oder ‚Rückkauf’ für den derzeit diskutierten Vorschlag gilt, dass die Kommunen vor Jahren verkaufte Sozialwohnungen wieder zurückkaufen.Es zeigt sich, dass bei der Benennung als ‚Enteignung’ mit dem Vorschlag häufiger ein (finanzieller) Verlust für die Wohnungsgesellschaften als derzeitige Eigentümer verbunden wird im Vergleich zur begrifflichen Rahmung als ‚Rückkauf’ (und umgekehrt für Nicht-Verlust). Dementsprechend werden (als Hauptergebnis) der Vorschlag und die damit verbundenen Maßnahmen unter der Rahmung ‚Enteignung’ im Vergleich zur Benennung als ‚Rückkauf’ sowohl für weniger sinnvoll als auch für schlechter durchführbar gehalten. Dabei gibt es einen Einfluss der politischen Links-Rechts-Orientierung der Personen: Unabhängig von der begrifflichen Rahmung halten eher links Orientierte die Maßnahme für sinnvoller als eher rechts Orientierte; in Bezug auf die Durchführbarkeit sehen links Orientierte eine bessere Durchführbarkeit bei der Benennung als Rückkauf, für eher rechts Orientierte macht die Benennung hier keinen Unterschied (in ihrer kritischeren Haltung zur vorgeschlagenen Maßnahme). Praktische Konsequenz für die Verfechter der Maßnahme (z.B. Volksbegehren in Berlin): Sie sollten berücksichtigen, dass die Akzeptanz ihres Vorschlags (mit) von der Benennung abhängt. Und die Medien(-Macher) sollten sich ihres Einflusses auf die Meinungsbildung durch die sprachliche Darstellung von politischen Ereignissen und Konzepten bewusst sein!
Far-Ultraviolet Spectral Images of the Vela Supernova Remnant: Supplements and Comparisons with other Wavelength Images
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Joong
name: Seon, Kwang-Il
name: Min, Kyoung-Wook
name: Han, Wonyong
name: Edelstein, Jerry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the improved far-ultraviolet (FUV) emission-line images of the entire Vela supernova remnant (SNR) using newly processed SPEAR/FIMS data. The incomplete C III λ977 and O VI λλ1032, 1038 images presented in the previous study are updated to cover the whole region. The C IV λλ1548, 1551 image with a higher resolution and new images at Si IV λλ1394, 1403, O IV] λ1404, He II λ1640.5, and O III] λλ1661, 1666 are also shown. Comparison of emission line ratios for two enhanced FUV regions reveals that the FUV emissions of the east enhanced FUV region may be affected by nonradiative shocks of another very young SNR, the Vela Jr. SNR (RX J0852.0-4622, G266.6-1.2). This result is the first FUV detection that is likely associated with the Vela Jr. SNR, supporting previous arguments that the Vela Jr. SNR is close to us. The comparison of the improved FUV images with soft X-ray images shows that a FUV filamentary feature forms the boundary of the northeast-southwest asymmetrical sections of the X-ray shell. The southwest FUV features are characterized as the region where the Vela SNR is interacting with slightly denser ambient medium within the dim X-ray southwest section. From a comparison with the Hα image, we identify a ring-like Hα feature overlapped with an extended hot X-ray feature of similar size and two local peaks of C IV emission. Their morphologies are expected when the Hα ring is in direct contact with the near or far side of the Vela SNR.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. accepted for publication in ApJ
Herrmann, Fritz-Rudolf: Die Funde der Urnenfelderkultur in Mittel- und Südhessen
Creators: name: Jacob-Friesen, Gernot
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Rezension zu: Herrmann, Fritz-Rudolf: Die Funde der Urnenfelderkultur in Mittel- und Südhessen. (Röm.-German. Forschungen, Bd. 27.) Berlin 1966. 4°, Text- und Tafelband, VI und 209 Seiten, 2 Texttafeln, 11 Textabbildungen und 216 Tafeln
description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 36 (1967): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Carcharhinidae
Creators: name: Psomadakis, Peter Nick
name: Giustino, Stefano
name: Vacchi, Marino
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Elasmobranchii
Carcharhiniformes
Carcharhinidae

description: CARCHARHINIDAE    Carcharhinus amboinensis (Müller & Henle, 1839) , was recorded in the Mediterranean on the basis of the examination of a set of jaws extracted from a large requiem shark caught off Crotone, Italy (north-west Ionian Sea) (De Maddalena & Della Rovere, 2005). The validity of the present record is questioned by Bradai et al. (2010) and by Golani (2010). According to capture data in the North-eastern Atlantic (Moreno Garcia, 1982), the species may occupy a wider range than previously supposed and its finding in the western Mediterranean as Atlantic stray cannot be excluded.
  Carcharhinus longimanus (Poey, 1861) , is a doubtful species in the Mediterranean (Branstetter, 1984); it is considered as “possible” by Compagno (1984) but no specimens of this species are available to confirm its presence in this sea (Garrick, 1982). It is not included in the lists of Tortonese (1963), Serena (2005) and Bradai et al. (2010).
  Carcharhinus melanopterus (Quoy & Gaimard, 1824) , was firstly reported on the Mediterranean coast of Egypt by Tortonese (1951) on the basis of information received verbally from Professor Melouk of University of Cairo. Ben Tuvia (1966) considered Tortonese’s record to be doubtful because of possible confusion between melanopterus and other black-tipped sharks occurring in the Mediterranean. Quignard and Capapé (1971) identified the species from south Tunisia but no descriptive details were provided. Despite these uncertainties, the occurrence of C. melanopterus as Lessepsian immigrant has been cited in major works (Branstetter, 1984; Compagno, 1984). The species was not included in the Lessepsian immigrant group by Quignard and Tomasini (2000) and excluded from the list of exotic species in the Mediterranean by Golani et al. (2002) and by Zenetos et al. (2010). However, Bradai et al. (2002) confirm the presence of this species in south Tunisia on the basis of a male specimen captured on December 1993 in the Gulf of Gabes (see also Bradai et al., 2010). Doubtless this identification is correct but it is currently best to refrain from including C. melanopterus in the official list of the Mediterranean ichthyofauna until a specimen will be available for confirmation.
description: Published as part of Psomadakis, Peter Nick, Giustino, Stefano & Vacchi, Marino, 2012, Mediterranean fish biodiversity: an updated inventory with focus on the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian seas, pp. 1-46 in Zootaxa 3263 on page 14, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.280724
The random phase approximation applied to solids, molecules, and graphene-metal interfaces: From weak to strong binding regimes
Creators: name: Olsen, Thomas
name: Thygesen, Kristian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The random phase approximation (RPA) is attracting renewed interest as a universal and accurate method for first-principles total energy calculations. The RPA naturally accounts for long-range dispersive forces without compromising accuracy for short range interactions making the RPA superior to semi-local and hybrid functionals in systems dominated by weak van der Waals or mixed covalent-dispersive interactions. In this work we present plane wave-based RPA calculations for a broad collection of systems with bond types ranging from strong covalent to van der Waals. Our main result is the RPA potential energy surfaces of graphene on the Cu(111), Ni(111), Co(0001), Pd(111), Pt(111), Ag(111), Au(111), and Al(111) metal surfaces, which represent archetypical examples of metal-organic interfaces. Comparison with semi-local density approximations and a non-local van der Waals functional show that only the RPA captures both the weak covalent and dispersive forces which are equally important for these systems. We benchmark our implementation in the GPAW electronic structure code by calculating cohesive energies of graphite and a range of covalently bonded solids and molecules as well as the dissociation curves of H2 and H2+. These results show that RPA with orbitals from the local density approximation suffers from delocalization errors and systematically underestimates covalent bond energies yielding similar or lower accuracy than the Perdew-Burke-Ernzerhof (PBE) functional for molecules and solids, respectively.
description: 15 pages
Ein Urnenfriedhof der jüngeren Bronzezeit und der älteren Eisenzeit in Osnabrück-Haste
Creators: name: Flake, Günter
name: Peters, Hans-Günter
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 41 (1972): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Urgeschichtliche Bodendenkmäler im Landkreis Stade im Eigentum der öffentlichen Hand
Creators: name: Lühmann, Ludolf
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 41 (1972): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Hydrogen adsorption on Na-SWCNT systems
Creators: name: Nagare, Balasaheb. J.
name: Habale, Darshan
name: Chacko, Sajeev
name: Ghosh, Swapan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the hydrogen adsorption capacity of Na-coated carbon nanotubes (Na-SWCNTs) using first-principles electronic structure calculations at absolute temperature and pressure. A single Na atom is always found to occupy the hollow site of a hexagonal carbon ring in all the six different SWCNTs considered, with a nearly uniform Na-C bond length of 2.5 A. Semiconducting zigzag nanotubes, (8,0) and (5,0), show stronger binding energies for the Na atom (-2.1 eV and -2.6 eV respectively), as compared to metallic SWCNTs with armchair and chiral geometries. The single Na atom can further adsorb up to six hydrogen molecules with a relatively constant binding energy of -0.26 eV/H$_{2}$. Mulliken population analysis shows that positively charged Na atoms with 0.82$e$ charge transfer to nearest carbon atoms which polarizes the SWCNT leading to local dipole moments. This charge-induced dipole interaction is responsible for the higher hydrogen uptake of Na-coated SWCNTs. The transition state search shows that diffusion barrier of Na-atom on the SWCNT between two adjoining C-C rings is 0.35 eV. We also investigate the clustering of Na atoms to find out the maximum weight percentage adsorption of H$_{2}$ molecules. At high Na coverage, we show that Na-coated SWCNTs can adsorb 9.2-11.28 wt % hydrogen. Our analysis shows that, although indeed Na-coated SWCNTs present potential material for the hydrogen storage, care should be taken to avoid Na atoms clustering on support material at elevated temperature and pressure, to achieve higher hydrogen capacity.
description: 22pages, 13 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0811.1856 by other authors
Phase separation of antiferromagnetic ground states in systems with imperfect nesting
Creators: name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Rozhkov, A. V.
name: Sboychakov, A. O.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the phase diagram for a system of weakly-coupled electrons having an electron- and a hole-band with imperfect nesting. Namely, both bands have spherical Fermi surfaces, but their radii are slightly different, with a mismatch proportional to the doping. Such a model is used to describe: the antiferromagnetism of chromium and its alloys, pnictides, AA-stacked graphene bilayers, as well as other systems. Here we show that the uniform ground state of this model is unstable with respect to electronic phase separation in a wide range of model parameters. Physically, this instability occurs due to the competition between commensurate and incommensurate antiferromagnetic states and could be of importance for other models with imperfect nesting.
description: 7 pages, 4 eps figures, in this version minor misprints are corrected, new references are added
A tunable macroscopic quantum system based on two fractional vortices
Creators: name: Heim, D. M.
name: Vogel, K.
name: Schleich, W. P.
name: Koelle, D.
name: Kleiner, R.
name: Goldobin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a tunable macroscopic quantum system based on two fractional vortices. Our analysis shows that two coupled fractional vortices pinned at two artificially created κ discontinuities of the Josephson phase in a long Josephson junction can reach the quantum regime where coherent quantum oscillations arise. For this purpose we map the dynamics of this system to that of a single particle in a double-well potential. By tuning the κ discontinuities with injector currents we are able to control the parameters of the effective double-well potential as well as to prepare a desired state of the fractional vortex molecule. The values of the parameters derived from this model suggest that an experimental realisation of this tunable macroscopic quantum system is possible with today's technology.
description: We updated our manuscript due to a change of the focus from qubit to macroscopic quantum effects
Mittelalterliche Blei-/Silberverhüttung beim Johanneser Kurhaus, Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Harz)
Creators: name: Alper, Götz
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 67 (1998): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
On the Existence of Retransmission Permutation Arrays
Creators: name: Wanless, Ian M.
name: Zhang, Xiande
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05B15

description: We investigate retransmission permutation arrays (RPAs) that are motivated by applications in overlapping channel transmissions. An RPA is an $n\times n$ array in which each row is a permutation of ${1, ..., n}$, and for $1\leq i\leq n$, all $n$ symbols occur in each $i\times\lceil\frac{n}{i}\rceil$ rectangle in specified corners of the array. The array has types 1, 2, 3 and 4 if the stated property holds in the top left, top right, bottom left and bottom right corners, respectively. It is called latin if it is a latin square. We show that for all positive integers $n$, there exists a type-$1,2,3,4$ $\RPA(n)$ and a type-1,2 latin $\RPA(n)$.
description: 8 pages