cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interpatient heterogeneity in expression of CYP3A4 and CYP3A5 in small bowel: Lack of prediction by the erythromycin breath test
Creators: name: Watkins, Paul B.
name: Wrighton, Steven A.
name: Barnett, Jeffrey L.
name: Lown, Kenneth S.
name: Kunze, Kent L.
name: Thummel, Kenneth E.
name: Kolars, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1994

description: The CYP3A subfamily of cytochromes P450 metabolize many medications and environmental contaminants. CYP3A4 and, in 25% of patients, CYP3A5 seem to be the major CYP3A genes expressed in adult liver. Hepatic levels of CYP3A4 can be estimated by the erythromycin breath test and vary at least 10-fold among patients. CYP3A4 has also been shown to be present in small bowel where it is responsible for significant "first-pass" metabolism of orally administered substrates. However, it is not known whether there is significant interindividual variability in the intestinal expression of CYP3A4, or whether the liver and intestinal catalytic activities of CYP3A4 correlate within an individual. It is also not known whether CYP3A5 is expressed in the small intestine. To address these questions, we administered the erythromycin breath test to 20 patients and obtained biopsies from their small bowel. There was a 6-fold variation in CYP3A catalytic activity (midazolam hydroxylation), an 11-fold variation in CYP3A4 protein content, and an 8-fold variation in CYP3A4 mRNA content in intestinal biopsies. There was an excellent correlation between intestinal CYP3A4 protein level and catalytic activity (r = 0.86; p = 0.0001); however, neither parameter significantly correlated with hepatic CYP3A4 activity as measured by the erythromycin breath test result (r = 0.27; p = 0.24 and r = 0.33; p = 0.15, respectively). We also found that CYP3A5 protein was readily detectable in biopsies from 14 (70%) of the patients, indicating that CYP3A5 is commonly expressed in human small intestine.
One year mortality of patients treated with an emergency department based early goal directed therapy protocol for severe sepsis and septic shock: a before and after study
Creators: name: Marchick, Michael R
name: Jones, Alan E
name: Puskarich, Michael A
name: Steuerwald, Michael T
name: Kline, Jeffrey A
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Introduction Early structured resuscitation of severe sepsis has been suggested to improve short term mortality; however, no previous study has examined the long-term effect of this therapy. We sought to determine one year outcomes associated with implementation of early goal directed therapy (EGDT) in the emergency department (ED) care of sepsis. Methods We performed a longitudinal analysis of a prospective before and after study conducted at a large urban ED. Adult patients were enrolled if they had suspected infection, 2 or more systemic inflammatory response criteria, and either systolic blood pressure (SBP) <90 mmHg after a fluid bolus or lactate >4 mM. Exclusion criteria were: age <18 years, no aggressive care desired, or need for immediate surgery. Clinical and outcomes data were prospectively collected on consecutive eligible patients for 1 year before and 2 years after implementing EGDT. Patients in the pre-implementation phase received non-protocolized care at attending physician discretion. The primary outcome was mortality at one year. Results 285 subjects, 79 in the pre- and 206 in the post-implementation phases, were enrolled. Compared to pre-implementation, post-implementation subjects had a significantly lower ED SBP (72 vs. 85 mm Hg, P < 0.001) and higher sequential organ failure assessment score (7 vs. 5, P = 0.0004). The primary outcome of 1 year mortality was observed in 39/79 (49%) pre-implementation subjects and 77/206 (37%) post-implementation subjects (difference 12%; P = 0.04). Conclusions Implementation of EGDT for the treatment of ED patients with severe sepsis and septic shock was associated with significantly lower mortality at one year.
Chameleon Field Theories
Creators: name: Khoury, Justin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chameleons are light scalar fields with remarkable properties. Through the interplay of self-interactions and coupling to matter, chameleon particles have a mass that depends on the ambient matter density. The manifestation of the fifth force mediated by chameleons therefore depends sensitively on their environment, which makes for a rich phenomenology. In this article, we review two recent results on chameleon phenomenology. The first result a pair of no-go theorems limiting the cosmological impact of chameleons and their generalizations: i) the range of the chameleon force at cosmological density today can be at most ~Mpc; ii) the conformal factor relating Einstein- and Jordan-frame scale factors is essentially constant over the last Hubble time. These theorems imply that chameleons have negligible effect on the linear growth of structure, and cannot account for the observed cosmic acceleration except as some form of dark energy. The second result pertains to the quantum stability of chameleon theories. We show how requiring that quantum corrections be small, so as to allow reliable predictions of fifth forces, leads to an upper bound of m < 0.0073 (ρ/ 10 g cm^{-3})^{1/3} eV for gravitational strength coupling, whereas fifth force experiments place a lower bound of m>0.0042 eV. An improvement of less than a factor of two in the range of fifth force experiments could test all classical chameleon field theories whose quantum corrections are well-controlled and couple to matter with nearly gravitational strength regardless of the specific form of the chameleon potential.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures. To appear in a Classical and Quantum Gravity focus issue on "Gravity and Scalar Fields"
Entwicklung und Charakterisierung eines neuen Fluoreszenzsensors für die online-Überwachung von Bioprozessen
Creators: name: König, Jan Christoph
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluoreszenz
subject: online-Bioprozessüberwachung
subject: Chemometrie
subject: Biomassevorhersage
subject: Sensorik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Fluoreszenz-Spektroskopie ist eine sehr sensitive Messmethode, die Echtzeit-online-Überwachungen von Bioprozessen ermöglicht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein Fluoreszenzsensor entwickelt, der handlich und robust ist. Er funktioniert ohne bewegliche Teile und eignet sich zur Aufnahme von Fluoreszenzänderungen der wichtigsten biogenen Fluorophore in den Zellen. Zu Beginn der Arbeit wurden mögliche Sensorkomponenten mit Hilfe von Modellfluorophoren in Bezug auf ihre Sensitivität und ihre Selektivität geprüft. Anschließend wurde ein Funktionsmuster erstellt. Dieses wurde an bakteriellen und eukaryotischen Batch-Kultivierungen und an Fed-Batch-Kultivierungen validiert. Es wurde erfolgreich ein Vorhersagemodell für die Biomasse eines E. coli K1-Batch-Prozesses erstellt. Auch metabolische Veränderungen wie sie bei Hefen beim Wechsel von aeroben zu anaeroben Bedingungen, beim diauxischen Wachstum oder beim Crabtree-Effekt auftreten, wurden mit dem Sensor erfolgreich detektiert. Außerdem wurde die heterologe Produktion von GFP-GST mit dem Sensor überwacht. Zusätzlich konnte gezeigt werden, dass die Messtechnik erfolgreich auf das Downstream Processing transferiert werden konnte und eine damit verbundene Aufreinigung des GFP-GST über eine NTA-Affinitätschromatographie und die direkte Quantifizierung des Proteins möglich ist. Weiterhin konnte mit dem Sensor die Enzymkinetik einer ADH beim Umsatz von Ethanol aufgenommen werden.
Remaining Useful Life Predictions for Bearings Using Spectrogram and Scalogram-Based Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Botao
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bearing remainning useful life
Prognosis
CNN

description: Bearings are critical in today’s mechanisms, and their reliability is continuously improving. Yet, working under high loads for long periods, bearings will degrade and eventually fail. An unpredicted bearing failure can lead to total and catastrophic failures of machines and may even lead to human injuries that result in substantial economic losses and reductions in production. Determining a bearing’s remaining useful life (RUL) has become an important topic in many industrial fields. Vibration signals are the most used representation for understanding a bearing’s health status. Using different algorithms, time-domain vibration signals can be transformed into time-frequency domain signals that help indicate a bearing’s status. For instance, this thesis investigates spectrograms and scalograms to visually represent a bearing’s health condition using a short-time Fourier transform (STFT) and a continuous wavelet transform (CWT). Both representations are plotted as a function of time and frequency and can detect the bearing’s working condition. However, spectrograms are advantageous in revealing frequency changes along the time axis, while scalograms facilitate the detection of abrupt changes. Combined with a convolutional neural network (CNN), these plots can be used to interpret bearing RUL. The strength of CNNs lie in their ability to identify and detect features in images, including such tasks as image classification, using share-weight architectures, convolutional layers, and kernels. This thesis explores CNNs combined with spectrograms and scalograms using the PRONOSTIA dataset to perform bearing RUL predictions and explore relationships between prognosis and diagnosis for bearing faults analysis.
Deep Learning Based Feature Engineering for Discovering Spatio-Temporal Dependency in Traffic Flow Forecasting
Creators: name: Mu, Hongfan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Deep Learning
Spatio-Temporal Dependency
Graph Neural Network
Traffic Flow Forecasting

description: Intelligent transportation systems (ITS) have garnered considerable attention for providing efficient traffic management solutions. Traffic flow forecasting is a crucial component of it which serves as the foundation for various state-of-the-art deep learning approaches. Initially, researchers recognized that significant temporal changes from traffic flow data for modelling. However, as researchers delved deeper into the underlying correlations within traffic flow data, they discovered that spatial information from the road network also plays a crucial role in accurate forecasting. Consequently, deep learning methods that incorporate Spatio-temporal representation have been employed to address traffic flow forecasting. Although recent solutions to this problem are impressive, it is essential to discuss the reasoning behind the architecture of the model. The expression of each feature relies on selecting appropriate models for feature extraction and designing architectures that minimize information loss during modeling. In this thesis, the work focuses on graph-based Spatio-temporal feature engineering. The experiments are divided into two parts: 1). explores the efficient architecture for expressing spatial-temporal information by considering both different sequential modelling approaches. 2). Based on the result obtained, the second experiment focuses on multi- scale modelling to capture informative Spatio-temporal feature. We propose a model that incorporates sequential modeling and captures multi-scale Spatiotemporal semantics by employing residual connections in different hierarchy. We validate our model using three datasets, each containing varying information for extraction. Taking into account the dataset characteristics and the model structure, our model outperforms the baselines and state-of-the-art models. The experimental results indicate that the performance of sequential modeling and multi-scale semantics, combined with thoughtful model design, significantly contribute to the overall forecasting performance. Furthermore, our work serves as inspiration for expressive data mining methods that rely on appropriate feature extraction models and architecture design, taking into consideration the information content within the dataset.
Borrowed Theory: Overshooting Storm Tops as Cloud Mountains
Creators: name: Poler, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Stanford Digital Repository
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Above Anvil Cirrus Plume
subject: Hydraulic Jump
subject: Supercell Thunderstorm

description: Wind dynamics atop supercell storms play a pivotal role in water-content transfer between the troposphere and stratosphere and may enable early, satellite-image detection of hazardous weather conditions on the ground. However, to date their study has remained limited to empirical and observational analyses. This study tests the ability of hydraulic jump theory borrowed from mountain wave theory to capture the dynamics of wind flowing over supercell storms and into Above Anvil Cirrus Plumes. I find significant agreement between mountain theory and storm top dynamics and explore modifications that may enable a complete hydraulic jump theory of extreme winds at the top of supercell thunderstorms.
Immer rückständig? : ein quantitativer Langzeitvergleich der niedersächsischen und bayrischen Wirtschaftsgeschichte
Creators: name: Frieling, Andreas
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Bayern
subject: Niedersachsen
subject: Langzeitvergleich
subject: quantitativ
subject: Wirtschaftsgeschichte
subject: Regionalstudie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: Die vorliegende Dissertation enthält einen langfristigen Vergleich der ökonomischen Entwicklungen Niedersachsens und Bayerns. Grundlage bildet hierbei die Betrachtung politischer Verhältnisse, die schon im Mittelalter einsetzen. Der Versuch langfristige quantitative Untersuchungen durchzuführen wird durch die unzureichende und ungleiche Daten- und Quellenbasis in den Vergleichsregionen stark eingeschränkt. Auch das Fehlen ausreichender einheitlicher Methoden und Modelle quantitativer Langzeitvergleiche erschweren die Untersuchungen. Dadurch wird insbesondere vor 1945 anhand empirischer Beispiele und variierender Schwerpunktbildungen, die vorliegende Fragestellung, untersucht. Der Regionsbegriff wird vereinfacht über alle Zeitepochen fortgeführt. Theoretische Überlegungen werden anhand der Bereiche Modernisierungen, Entwicklungspfade, Disparitäten, Konvergenzen und Agglomerationen durchgeführt. Im heutigen Niedersachsen beginnt erst ab 1946 ein Staatsbildungsprozeß der allerdings dezentrale historische Entwicklungen verstetigt. Hinderlich bei der wirtschaftlichen Ausrichtung sind die hierbei vor allem auch die peripheren Zentren Bremen und Hamburg, die ihren Aufstieg seit dem Mittelalter verstetigen konnten. Wirtschaftliche Ungleichgewichte innerhalb des gesamten Territoriums sind die Folge bis in die Gegenwart. Bayern beginnt seine heute weiterhin bestehende zentralstaatliche Ausprägung schon früh im Mittelalter. Ab 1806 beginnt sich dieser Prozess unter der Einbeziehung der Regionen Franken und bayrisch Schwaben zu beschleunigen. Nach 1945 führt dies zu einem starken wirtschaftlichen Aufstieg des Landes. Statistische Daten und zahlreiche Beispiele sollen die im Vorfeld gewählte Hypothese über alle Zeitepochen untersuchen und überprüfen.
Rubus bifrons Vest
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. bifrons Vest l: Ob Vionnaz (J.). - 2: Ob Saillon (Paiche).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
First Synoptic Maps of Photospheric Vector Magnetic Field from SOLIS/VSM: Non-Radial Magnetic Fields and Hemispheric Pattern of Helicity
Creators: name: Gosain, S.
name: Pevtsov, A. A.
name: Rudenko, G. V.
name: Anfinogentov, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use daily full-disk vector magnetograms from Vector Spectromagnetograph (VSM) on Synoptic Optical Long-term Investigations of the Sun (SOLIS) system to synthesize the first Carrington maps of the photospheric vector magnetic field. We describe these maps and make a comparison of observed radial field with the radial field estimate from LOS magnetograms. Further, we employ these maps to study the hemispheric pattern of current helicity density, Hc, during the rising phase of the solar cycle 24. Longitudinal average over the 23 consecutive solar rotations shows a clear signature of the hemispheric helicity rule, i.e. Hc is predominantly negative in the North and positive in South. Although our data include the early phase of cycle 24, there appears no evidence for a possible (systematic) reversal of the hemispheric helicity rule at the beginning of cycle as predicted by some dynamo models. Further, we compute the hemispheric pattern in active region latitudes (-30 deg \le θ\le 30 deg) separately for weak (100< |B_r| <500 G)and strong (|B_r|>1000 G) radial magnetic fields. We find that while the current helicity of strong fields follows the well-known hemispheric rule (i.e., θ. Hc < 0), H_c of weak fields exhibits an inverse hemispheric behavior (i.e., θ. Hc > 0) albeit with large statistical scatter. We discuss two plausible scenarios to explain the opposite hemispheric trend of helicity in weak and strong field region.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal
Deconvolution of a multi-component interaction network using systems chemistry
Creators: name: Isaacs, Lyle
name: Ghosh, Soumyadip
name: Mukhopadhyay, Pritam
Publisher: name: Chemistry Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract We describe the stepwise construction of an 8-component self-sorted system (1 - 8) by the sequential addition of components. This process occurs via a large number of states (28 = 256) and even a larger number of pathways (8! = 40320). A pathway (5, 6, 7, 8, 4, 3, 2, then 1) that is self-sorted at every step along the way has been demonstrated experimentally. Another pathway (1, 8, 3, 5, 4, 7, 2, then 6) resembles a game of musical chairs and exhibits interesting shuttling of guest molecules among hosts. The majority of pathways - unlike the special ones described above - proceed through several non self-sorted states. We characterized the remainder of the 40320 pathways by simulation using Gepasi and describe the influence of concentration and binding constants on the fidelity of the self-sorting pathways.
Analytische Verfahren bei der biotechnologischen Produktion niedermolekularer Polysialinsäure
Creators: name: Bartling, Bastian
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Polysialic acid
subject: Structural integrity
subject: Escherichia coli
subject: Bioprocess engineering
subject: Polysialinsäure
subject: Strukturintegrität
subject: Bioprozessentwicklung
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Polysialinsäure (polySia) ist ein lineares Homopolymer aus α2,8- oder α2,9-verknüpften Monomeren der negativ geladenen N-Acetylneuraminsäure, das meist auf der äußeren Zellmembran bestimmter humanpathogener Bakterien wie Escherichia coli (E. coli) K1 vorkommt. Darüber hinaus existiert die α2,8-verknüpfte Form auch im zentralen Nervensystem des Menschen. Das Polymer ist aufgrund seiner biologischen Eigenschaften und Funktionen ein vielversprechendes Molekül zur Behandlung von neurodegenerativen Erkrankungen wie der altersbedingten Makuladegeneration (AMD). Als potenzielles Arzneimittel unterliegen die Herstellung und Produktqualität den behördlichen Vorgaben des Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP). Daher wird polySia für gewöhnlich durch Kultivierung von E. coli K1 in vorsterilisierten Einweg-Beutelreaktoren produziert. Anschließend wird das Polymer unter Verwendung verschiedener Einweg-Prozesselemente wie Filtern und Membranadsorber in hochreiner Form aus dem Kulturüberstand gewonnen. In dieser Arbeit wurde zunächst die konventionelle polySia-Produktion in E. coli K1 mit einem rekombinanten Ansatz in nicht-pathogenen E. coli BL21-Produktionsstämmen verglichen. Im Kulturüberstand des Wildtyps waren polySia-Konzentrationen von bis zu 774 (±18) mg/L nachweisbar. In rekombinanten Produktionsstämmen konnten dagegen nur maximal 133 mg/L erreicht werden. Im Anschluss wurden prozessbedingte Verunreinigungen wie zelleigene Proteine (HCPs), DNA und Endotoxine über einen etablierten Reinigungsprozess entfernt, so dass 4,5 (± 0,5) g reine polySia aus einer 25 L E. coli K1-Kultur gewonnen wurden. Dies entspricht einer Ausbeute von 29 (±5) %. Die Ausbeuten aus den Kulturüberständen der rekombinanten Produktionsstämme lagen mit 8 % - 15 % deutlich niedriger. Die hohen Endotoxinkonzentrationen im Kulturüberstand können während der Reinigung durch eine alkalische Lyse auf < 5 EU/mgpolySia reduziert werden. Um polySia produktschonender zu reinigen, wurde u. a. die hydrophobe Interaktionschromatographie zur Entfernung von HCPs und Endotoxinen getestet. Die Analyse des Endproduktes mittels HPLC-Analytik und NMR-Spektroskopie bewies, dass keine der verwendeten Methoden das Produkt schädigte. Aus der reinen polySia (Polymerisationsgrad: DP > 90) konnte anschließend pharmazeutisch relevante polySia (DP 21 ± 4) über Thermolyse gewonnen werden.
title: Thomas Zimmermann, Die ältesten kupferzeitlichen Bestattungen mit Dolchbeigabe. Archäologische Untersuchungen in ausgewählten Modellregionen Alteuropas
Creators: name: Peter-Röcher, Heidi
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Thomas Zimmermann, Die ältesten kupferzeitlichen Bestattungen mit Dolchbeigabe. Archäologische Untersuchungen in ausgewählten Modellregionen Alteuropas. Monographien des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, Band 71. Verlag des Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseums, Mainz 2007. 169 Seiten, 70 Abbildungen.
title: Claudio Gallazzi, Bärbel Kramer, Salvatore Settis (Hrsg.), Il Papiro di Artemidoro
Creators: name: Mielsch, Harald
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Claudio Gallazzi, Bärbel Kramer, Salvatore Settis (Hrsg.), Il Papiro di Artemidoro (P. Artemid.). Unter Mitarbeit und mit Beiträgen von Gianfranco Adornato, Dario Benedetti, Elza Bontempi, Laura Depero, Duilio Bertani, Luca Consolandi, Silvia Bruni, Vittoria Guglielmi, Agnese Cartocci, Mariaelena Fedi, Pier Andrea Mandò, Francesco Taccetti, Albio Cesare Cassio, Andrea Migliori, Chiara Perelli Cippo und Agostino Soldati. Verlag LED Edizioni Universitarie di Lettere Economia Diritto, Mailand 2008. Textband mit 616 Seiten und zahlreichen Abbildungen, Tafelband mit 40 Tafeln, 4 Falttafeln und einer DVD.
title: Wolfgang Ehrhardt, Casa delle Nozze d’argento (V 2, i)
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Thomas
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Wolfgang Ehrhardt, Casa delle Nozze d’argento (V 2, i). Häuser in Pompeji, Band 12. Verlag Hirmer, München 2004. 284 Seiten und 823 Abbildungen.
Blenders in center unstable Hénon-like families: with an application to heterodimensional bifurcations
Creators: name: Díaz, Lorenzo J.
name: Kiriki, Shin
name: Shinohara, Katsutoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37C20 37C29 37C70 37C25

description: We give an explicit family of polynomial maps called center unstable Hénon-like maps and prove that they exhibits blenders for some parametervalues. Using this family, we also prove the occurrence of blenders near certain non-transverse heterodimensional cycles under high regularity assumptions. The proof involves a renormalization scheme along heteroclinic orbits. We also investigate the connection between the blender and the original heterodimensional cycle.
title: Karl-Heinz Lenz, Römische Waffen, militärische Ausrüstung und militärische Befunde aus dem Stadtgebiet der Colonia Ulpia Traiana (Xanten)
Creators: name: Flügel, Christof
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Karl-Heinz Lenz, Römische Waffen, militärische Ausrüstung und militärische Befunde aus dem Stadtgebiet der Colonia Ulpia Traiana (Xanten). Verlag Rudolf Habelt, Bonn 2006. 209 Seiten, 63 Abbildungen, 90 Tafeln.
Increased exposure to acute thermal stress is associated with a non-linear increase in recombination frequency and an independent linear decrease in fitness in Drosophila
Creators: name: Nielsen, Dahlia M
name: Jackson, Savannah
name: Singh, Nadia D
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Background Meiotic recombination rate has long been known to be phenotypically plastic. How plastic recombination evolves and is maintained remains controversial; though a leading model for the evolution of plastic recombination rests on the tenet that organismal fitness and recombination frequency are negatively correlated. Motivated by the mounting evidence that meiotic recombination frequencies increase in response to stress, here we test for a negative correlation between fitness and recombination frequency. Specifically, the fitness-associated recombination model (FAR) predicts that if stress increases meiotic recombination frequency, then increasing exposure to stressful conditions will yield an increasing magnitude of the recombinational response, while concomitantly decreasing fitness. Results We use heat shock as a stressor to test this prediction in Drosophila melanogaster. We find that increased exposure to heat shock conditions is associated with a non-linear increase in meiotic recombination frequency. We also find an independent effect of heat shock on organismal fitness, with fitness decreasing with increased duration of thermal stress. Conclusions Our results thus support the foundation of the FAR model for the evolution of plastic recombination. Our data also suggest that modulating recombination frequency is one mechanism by which organisms can rapidly respond to environmental cues and confer increased adaptive potential to their offspring.
Artkonzepte, Pluralismus und Werte - Zur Wissenschaftsphilosophischen Klärung verschiedener biologischer Artkonzepte im Kontext von Biodiversität und Naturschutz
Creators: name: Grusenick, Brigitte Doreen
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: species concept
subject: pluralism
subject: values
subject: Artkonzepte
subject: Pluralismus
subject: Werte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie

description: Der Pluralismus an biologischen Artkonzepten erzeugt Missverständnisse und Unsicherheiten in der Biodiversitätsforschung und im Naturschutz. Ich argumentiere, dass verschiedene Wertedimensionen in Artkonzepten dafür verantwortlich sind und ein mangelndes Bewusstsein darüber. Um dies zu illustrieren, werden vier Typen von Artkonzepten – das morphologische (MSC), das biologische (BSC), das ökologische (EcSC) sowie das phylogenetische (PSC) – geklärt. Dabei wird der Ansatz hinterfragt, lediglich epistemische statt sozialepistemische Werte zu betrachten.
title: Winfried Held, Gergakome. Ein ›altehrwürdiges‹ Heiligtum im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien
Creators: name: Ruggendorfer, Peter
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Winfried Held, Gergakome. Ein ›altehrwürdiges‹ Heiligtum im kaiserzeitlichen Kleinasien. Istanbuler Forschungen, Band 49. Verlag Ernst Wasmuth, Tübingen 2008. 213 Seiten, 250 Abbildungen, 1 Faltbeilage.
Diagnostic accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound for characterization of kidney lesions in patients with and without chronic kidney disease
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background Patients with chronic kidney disease are at increased risk of cystic kidney disease that requires imaging monitoring in many cases. However, these same patients often have contraindications to contrast-enhanced computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This study evaluates the accuracy of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), which is safe for patients with chronic kidney disease, for the characterization of kidney lesions in patients with and without chronic kidney disease. Methods We performed CEUS on 44 patients, both with and without chronic kidney disease, with indeterminate or suspicious kidney lesions (both cystic and solid). Two masked radiologists categorized lesions using CEUS images according to contrast-enhanced ultrasound adapted criteria. CEUS designation was compared to histology or follow-up imaging in cases without available tissue in all patients and the subset with chronic kidney disease to determine sensitivity, specificity and overall accuracy. Results Across all patients, CEUS had a sensitivity of 96% (95% CI: 84%, 99%) and specificity of 50% (95% CI: 32%, 68%) for detecting malignancy. Among patients with chronic kidney disease, CEUS sensitivity was 90% (95% CI: 56%, 98%), and specificity was 55% (95% CI: 36%, 73%). Conclusions CEUS has high sensitivity for identifying malignancy of kidney lesions. However, because specificity is low, modifications to the classification scheme for contrast-enhanced ultrasound could be considered as a way to improve contrast-enhanced ultrasound specificity and thus overall performance. Due to its sensitivity, among patients with chronic kidney disease or other contrast contraindications, CEUS has potential as an imaging test to rule out malignancy. Trial registration This trial was registered in clinicaltrials.gov, NCT01751529 .
Crystalline Lifts and a Variant of the Steinberg-Winter Theorem
Creators: name: Lin, Zhongyipan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2022

description: Let $K/\mathbb{Q}_p$ be a finite extension. For all irreducible representations $\bar\rho: G_K \to G(\bar{\mathbb{F}}_p)$ valued in a general reductive group $G$, we construct crystalline lifts of $\bar\rho$ which are Hodge-Tate regular. We also discuss rationality questions. We prove a variant of the Steinberg-Winter theorem along the way.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 27 (2022), p. 2441-2468
title: Paul Veyne, Die griechisch-römische Religion. Kult, Frömmigkeit und Moral
Creators: name: Rüpke, Jörg
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Paul Veyne, Die griechisch-römische Religion. Kult, Frömmigkeit und Moral. Aus dem Französischen übersetzt von Ursula Blank-Sangmeister unter Mitarbeit von Anna Raupach. Mit einem Geleitwort von Christian Meier. Verlag Philipp Reclam jun., Stuttgart 2008. 198 Seiten.
Schach von Wuthenow: A Story from the Time of the Regiment Gensdarmes
Creators: name: Fontane, Theodor, 1819-1898
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2019

description: Schach von Wuthenow:
A Story from the Time of the Regiment Gensdarmes
by Theodor Fontane.
Translated and annotated by
Joyce Rutledge and John Rutledge
Note on edition used: The translation is based on the 1901 edition available online through Projekt Gutenberg.
Systematization of Technological and Economic Risks for the Selection of new Technologies
Creators: name: Schuh, Günther
name: Scholz, Patrick
name: Krech, Max
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Risk Identification
subject: Technology Assessment
subject: Risk Factors
subject: Risk Assessment
subject: Technology Risk Assessment
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: In the face of the increasing internationalization of markets, rising cost pressure, and shorter product life cycles, manufacturing companies are facing increasing competition and innovation pressure. To secure competitiveness, the early development of new and innovative technologies and their implementation on the market as products or services is paramount. However, besides high potential benefits, new technologies are also associated with high risks regarding their technological feasibility as well as their estimated economic implications. Existing approaches of technology assessment usually focus on evaluating the technological potential, while the risks associated with these technologies are hardly considered. However, existing risks influence the probability of realizing the predicted technology potentials, making an exclusive assessment of the technological potentials by no means sufficient for an adequate evaluation of new technologies. Hence, the consideration of potential risks is of particular importance for the initial assessment and selection of technologies at an early stage. To promote the consideration of risks in technology assessment from a holistic perspective, this paper identifies both technological and economic risk factors of new technologies based on a systematic literature review.
Double ring algorithm of solar active region eruptions within the framework of kinematic dynamo model
Creators: name: Hazra, Soumitra
name: Nandy, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results indicate that the Babcock-Leighton mechanism for poloidal field creation plays an important role in the solar cycle. However, modelling this mechanism has not always correctly captured the underlying physics. In particular, it has been demonstrated that using a spatially distributed near-surface alpha-effect to parametrize the Babcock-Leighton mechanism generates results which do not agree with observations. Motivated by this, we are developing a physically more consistent model of the solar cycle in which we model poloidal field creation by the emergence and flux dispersal of double-rings structures. Here we present preliminary results from this new dynamo model.
description: To appear in proceedings of the ISSTP 2012, 4 Pages,3 figures
Restoration of axial symmetry and its possible relation with restoration of chiral symmetry and deconfinement at finite temperature
Creators: name: Ruivo, M. C.
name: Costa, Pedro
name: de Sousa, C. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase transitions characterized by deconfinement and restoration of chiral symmetry as well as the restoration of axial symmetry, at finite temperature, are investigated in the framework of SU(2) Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) models with the U$_A$(1) anomaly. The thermodynamics of the phase transitions, the topological susceptibility, the meson spectrum, and, in particular, the convergence of axial and chiral partners are analyzed, in the framework of the ordinary PNJL model and in its extension, the entangled Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio (EPNJL) model. The latter incorporates entanglement between restoration of chiral symmetry and deconfinement.
description: Contribution to the International Meeting "Excited QCD", Bjelasnica Mountain, Sarajevo, 3-9 February 2013
Photoionenspektroskopie an Schwefelchloridpentafluorid SF5Cl, das lonisationspotential von Schwefelpentafluorid SF5
Creators: name: Baumgärtel, H.
name: Jochims, H.-W.
name: Rühl, E.
name: Lösking, O.
name: Willner, H.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1989
Subjects: subject: Heat of Formation
subject: Ionization Potential
subject: Photoionization Mass Spectra
subject: Sulfurhalogenides
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: The appearance potentials of fragment ions from SF5Cl have been measured in the energy range 12 - 20 eV by means of photoionization mass spectrometry. From these data, the ionization potential of SF5 comes to 9.65 eV.
Age trends in the prevalence of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV-positive women in Cameroon: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Atashili, Julius
name: Ndumbe, Peter M
name: Ikomey, George M
name: Smith, Jennifer
name: Miller, William
name: Rinas, Allen C
name: Eron, Joseph
name: Myers, Evan
name: Adimora, Adaora
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2012

description: Abstract: Background: Cervical squamous intra-epithelial lesions (SIL) are more frequent in HIV-positive women overall. However the appropriate age at which to begin and end cervical cancer screening for early detection of lesions in HIV-positive women is not clear. We assessed the age-specific prevalence of any SIL and SIL requiring colposcopy in HIV-positive women in Cameroon. Methods: We enrolled, interviewed and conducted conventional cervical cytology in 282 women, aged 19–68 years, initiating antiretroviral therapy in three clinics in Cameroon. In bivariable analyses, the crude relationship between age and the presence of lesions was assessed using locally weighted regression (LOWESS) methods. In multivariate analyses, generalized linear models with prevalence as the outcome, an identity link and a binomial distribution, were used to estimate prevalence differences. Bias analyses were conducted to assess the potential effect of inaccuracies in cytology. Results: SIL were detected in 43.5% of the 276 women with satisfactory samples, 17.8% of whom had ASC-H/HSIL. On average, women aged 26 to 59 tended to have a slightly higher prevalence of any SIL than other women (Prevalence difference PD: 6.5%; 95%CI: -11.4, 24.4%). This PD was a function of CD4 count (heterogeneity test p-value =0.09): amongst patients with CD4 counts less than 200cells/uL, the prevalence was higher in patients aged 26–59, while there was essentially no difference amongst women with CD4 counts greater than 200 cells/uL. ASC-H/HSIL were present in women as young as 19 and as old as 62. Overall the prevalence of ASC-H/HSIL increased by 0.7% (95%CI: -3.8%, 5.1%) per decade increase in age. Conclusion: Both severe and less severe lesions were prevalent at all ages suggesting little utility of age-targeted screening among HIV-positive women. Nevertheless, the long-term evolution of these lesions needs to be assessed in prospective studies.
Wave-like warp propagation in circumbinary discs I. Analytic theory and numerical simulations
Creators: name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Price, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the propagation of warps in protostellar circumbinary discs. We use these systems as a test environment in which to study warp propagation in the bending-wave regime, with the addition of an external torque due to the binary gravitational potential. In particular, we want to test the linear regime, for which an analytic theory has been developed. In order to do so, we first compute analytically the steady state shape of an inviscid disc subject to the binary torques. The steady state tilt is a monotonically increasing function of radius. In the absence of viscosity, the disc does not present any twist. Then, we compare the time-dependent evolution of the warped disc calculated via the known linearised equations both with the analytic solutions and with full 3D numerical simulations, which have been performed with the PHANTOM SPH code using 2 million particles. We find a good agreement both in the tilt and in the phase evolution for small inclinations, even at very low viscosities. Moreover, we have verified that the linearised equations are able to reproduce the diffusive behaviour when α > H/R, where α is the disc viscosity parameter. Finally, we have used the 3D simulations to explore the non-linear regime. We observe a strongly non-linear behaviour, which leads to the breaking of the disc. Then, the inner disc starts precessing with its own precessional frequency. This behaviour has already been observed with numerical simulations in accretion discs around spinning black holes. The evolution of circumstellar accretion discs strongly depends on the warp evolution. Therefore the issue explored in this paper could be of fundamental importance in order to understand the evolution of accretion discs in crowded environments, when the gravitational interaction with other stars is highly likely, and in multiple systems.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Analyses of nervous system patterning genes in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris illuminate the evolution of panarthropod brains
Creators: name: Goldstein, Bob
name: Smith, Frank W
name: Cumming, Mandy
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Both euarthropods and vertebrates have tripartite brains. Several orthologous genes are expressed in similar regionalized patterns during brain development in both vertebrates and euarthropods. These similarities have been used to support direct homology of the tripartite brains of vertebrates and euarthropods. If the tripartite brains of vertebrates and euarthropods are homologous, then one would expect other taxa to share this structure. More generally, examination of other taxa can help in tracing the evolutionary history of brain structures. Tardigrades are an interesting lineage on which to test this hypothesis because they are closely related to euarthropods, and whether they have a tripartite brain or unipartite brain has recently been a focus of debate.
                Results
                We tested this hypothesis by analyzing the expression patterns of six3, orthodenticle, pax6, unplugged, and pax2/5/8 during brain development in the tardigrade Hypsibius exemplaris—formerly misidentified as Hypsibius dujardini. These genes were expressed in a staggered anteroposterior order in H. exemplaris, similar to what has been reported for mice and flies. However, only six3, orthodenticle, and pax6 were expressed in the developing brain. Unplugged was expressed broadly throughout the trunk and posterior head, before the appearance of the nervous system. Pax2/5/8 was expressed in the developing central and peripheral nervous system in the trunk.
                Conclusion
                Our results buttress the conclusion of our previous study of Hox genes—that the brain of tardigrades is only homologous to the protocerebrum of euarthropods. They support a model based on fossil evidence that the last common ancestor of tardigrades and euarthropods possessed a unipartite brain. Our results are inconsistent with the hypothesis that the tripartite brain of euarthropods is directly homologous to the tripartite brain of vertebrates.
Safety and efficacy of Y-90 microsphere treatment in patients with primary and metastatic liver cancer: The tumor selectivity of the treatment as a function of tumor to liver flow ratio
Creators: name: McNeillie, Patrick
name: Kennedy, Andrew S
name: Mesoloras, Geraldine
name: Gulec, Seza A
name: Dezarn, William A
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2007

description: Abstract Background Treatment records and follow-up data on 40 patients with primary and metastatic liver malignancies who underwent a single whole-liver treatment with Y-90 resin microspheres (SIR-Spheres® Sirtex Medical, Lake Forest, IL) were retrospectively reviewed. The objective of the study was to evaluate the anatomic and physiologic determinants of radiation dose distribution, and the dose response of tumor and liver toxicity in patients with liver malignancies who underwent hepatic arterial Y-90 resin microsphere treatment. Methods Liver and tumor volume calculations were performed on pre-treatment CT scans. Fractional tumor and liver flow characteristics and lung shunt fractions were determined using hepatic arterial Tc-99m MAA imaging. Absorbed dose calculations were performed using the MIRD equations. Liver toxicity was assessed clinically and by liver function tests. Tumor response to therapy was assessed by CT and/or tumor markers. Results Of the 40 patients, 5 had hepatocellular cancer (HCC), and 35 had metastatic liver tumors (15 colorectal cancer, 10 neuroendocrine tumors, 4 breast cancer, 2 lung cancer, 1 ovarian cancer, 1 endometrial cancer, and 2 unknown primary adenocarcinoma). All patients were treated in a salvage setting with a 3 to 80 week follow-up (mean: 19 weeks). Tumor volumes ranged from 15.0 to 984.2 cc (mean: 294.9 cc) and tumor to normal liver uptake ratios ranged from 2.8 to 15.4 (mean: 5.4). Average administered activity was 1.2 GBq (0.4 to 2.4 GBq). Liver absorbed doses ranged from 0.7 to 99.5 Gy (mean: 17.2 Gy). Tumor absorbed doses ranged from 40.1 to 494.8 Gy (mean: 121.5 Gy). None of the patients had clinical venoocclusive disease or therapy-induced liver failure. Seven patients (17.5 %) had transient and 7 patients (17.5 %) had persistent LFT abnormalities. There were 27 (67.5%) responders (complete response, partial response, and stable disease). Tumor response correlated with higher tumor flow ratio as measured by Tc-99m MAA imaging. Conclusion Doses up to 99.5 Gy to uninvolved liver are tolerated with no clinical venoocclusive disease or liver failure. The lowest tumor dose producing a detectable response is 40.1 Gy. The utilization of MAA-based imaging techniques to determine tumor and liver blood flow for clinical treatment planning and the calculation of administered activity may improve clinical outcomes.
Is the Black-widow Pulsar PSR J1555-2908 in a Hierarchical Triple System?
Creators: name: Nieder, L.
name: Kerr, M.
name: Clark, C.J.
name: Bruel, P.
name: Cromartie, H.T.
name: Ransom, S.M.
name: Ray, P.S.
Publisher: name: London : Institute of Physics Publ.
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Large-Area Telescope
subject: Millisecond Pulsar
subject: Planets
subject: Discovery
subject: Search
subject: Noise
subject: Mass
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::520 | Astronomie, Kartographie

description: The 559 Hz black-widow pulsar PSR J1555-2908, originally discovered in radio, is also a bright gamma-ray pulsar. Timing its pulsations using 12 yr of Fermi-Large Area Telescope gamma-ray data reveals long-term variations in its spin frequency that are much larger than is observed from other millisecond pulsars. While this variability in the pulsar rotation rate could be intrinsic "timing noise,"here we consider an alternative explanation: the variations arise from the presence of a very-low-mass third object in a wide multiyear orbit around the neutron star and its low-mass companion. With current data, this hierarchical-triple-system model describes the pulsar's rotation slightly more accurately than the best-fitting timing noise model. Future observations will show if this alternative explanation is correct. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.
Covariant Lyapunov vectors
Creators: name: Ginelli, Francesco
name: Chate', Hugues
name: Livi, Roberto
name: Politi, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent years have witnessed a growing interest for covariant Lyapunov vectors (CLVs) which span local intrinsic directions in the phase space of chaotic systems. Here we review the basic results of ergodic theory, with a specific reference to the implications of Oseledets' theorem for the properties of the CLVs. We then present a detailed description of a "dynamical" algorithm to compute the CLVs and show that it generically converges exponentially in time. We also discuss its numerical performance and compare it with other algorithms presented in literature. We finally illustrate how CLVs can be used to quantify deviations from hyperbolicity with reference to a dissipative system (a chain of Hénon maps) and a Hamiltonian model (a Fermi-Pasta-Ulam chain).