cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Random Expert Sampling for Deep Learning Segmentation of Acute Ischemic Stroke on Non-contrast CT
Creators: name: Ostmeier, Sophie
name: Axelrod, Brian
name: Pulli, Benjamin
name: Verhaaren, Benjamin F. J.
name: Mahammedi, Abdelkader
name: Liu, Yongkai
name: Federau, Christian
name: Zaharchuk, Greg
name: Heit, Jeremy J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: Multi-expert deep learning training methods to automatically quantify ischemic brain tissue on Non-Contrast CT Materials and Methods: The data set consisted of 260 Non-Contrast CTs from 233 patients of acute ischemic stroke patients recruited in the DEFUSE 3 trial. A benchmark U-Net was trained on the reference annotations of three experienced neuroradiologists to segment ischemic brain tissue using majority vote and random expert sampling training schemes. We used a one-sided Wilcoxon signed-rank test on a set of segmentation metrics to compare bootstrapped point estimates of the training schemes with the inter-expert agreement and ratio of variance for consistency analysis. We further compare volumes with the 24h-follow-up DWI (final infarct core) in the patient subgroup with full reperfusion and we test volumes for correlation to the clinical outcome (mRS after 30 and 90 days) with the Spearman method. Results: Random expert sampling leads to a model that shows better agreement with experts than experts agree among themselves and better agreement than the agreement between experts and a majority-vote model performance (Surface Dice at Tolerance 5mm improvement of 61% to 0.70 +- 0.03 and Dice improvement of 25% to 0.50 +- 0.04). The model-based predicted volume similarly estimated the final infarct volume and correlated better to the clinical outcome than CT perfusion. Conclusion: A model trained on random expert sampling can identify the presence and location of acute ischemic brain tissue on Non-Contrast CT similar to CT perfusion and with better consistency than experts. This may further secure the selection of patients eligible for endovascular treatment in less specialized hospitals.
Transnational marriage among former labour migrants in Germany
Creators: name: Kalter, Frank
name: Schroedter, Julia H.
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: In this paper we make use of data from the official statistics to analyze transnational marriage among immigrants in Germany. Pooling all currently available Scientific Use Files of the German Microcensus between 1976 and 2004, we are able to contribute empirical findings that are unique in their scope and their degree of differentiation. We look at the five most common groups of former labour migrants and study group-specific trends over generations and time. Our empirical analysis is guided by four basic expectations, which are anchored in a more general theoretical framework of immigrants’ marriage behaviour. We find, as expected, large group differences in the propensity to select a spouse from one’s own country of origin. Assumed effects of the opportunity structure, however, can only be confirmed for women. Central derivations from a general assimilationist view are also only partly supported: A general increase in transnational marriages among ex-Yugoslav and Turkish women over marriage cohorts, and the absence of any effects of structural assimilation on the propensity toward transnational marriages are the most puzzling results. Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag verwenden wir Daten der amtlichen Statistik, um transnationale Ehen bei Immigranten in Deutschland zu analysieren. Die Zusammenführung aller verfügbaren Scientific Use Files des deutschen Mikrozenus zwischen 1976 und 2004 liefert empirische Befunde, die in ihrer Breite und in der Tiefe ihrer Differenzierung bislang einzigartig sind. Wir betrachten die fünf am weitesten verbreiteten Gruppen ehemaliger Arbeitsmigranten und untersuchen gruppenspezifische Trends über die Generationen und über die Zeit. Unsere empirische Analyse wird von vier Grundannahmen geleitet, die in einem allgemeineren theoretischen Rahmen des Heiratsverhaltens von Migranten verankert sind. Wie erwartet finden wir hinsichtlich der Neigung, eine(n) Partner(in) aus dem jeweils eigenen Herkunftsland zu wählen, große Unterschiede zwischen den Gruppen. Die vermuteten Effekte der Opportunitätsstruktur werden jedoch nur für die Frauen bestätigt. Zentrale Schlussfolgerungen aus einer allgemein assimilationistischen Sichtweise zeigen sich ebenfalls nur teilweise: Zu den erstaunlichsten Ergebnissen unserer Studie gehören die allgemeine Zunahme transnationaler Ehen von Frauen aus dem ehemaligen Jugoslawien und der Türkei sowie die Abwesenheit von Effekten der strukturellen Assimilation auf die Neigung zur transnationalen Ehe.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 1 (2010): Minority ethnic groups' marriage patterns in Europe
Assortative mating by ethnic background and education among individuals with an immigrant background in Sweden
Creators: name: Çelikaksoy, Aycan
name: Nekby, Lena
name: Rashid, Saman
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: This paper analyzes the determinants of assortative mating by ethnicity and education for individuals with an immigrant background in Sweden, focusing on the role of individual, marriage market and parental characteristics. Results indicate that higher levels of host country specific human capital decrease the likelihood of ethnic endogamy and increase the likelihood of educational homogamy. Opportunity as measured by sex ratios and relative group size is found to be positively correlated to both types of assortative mating. Parental assortative mating (ethnic/educational), as a measure of group identity, is found to increase the likelihood of assortative mating. A comparison of marginal effects, by gender, suggests that the social boundaries defined by ethnicity and education in the marriage market are relatively more easily crossed by men with the accumulation of local and general human capital. Likewise, the influence of group identity appears to matter more for women when marriages are based on ethnicity but matter more for men when marriages are based on education. Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag werden die Determinanten des nach ethnischen und Bildungsgesichtspunkten ausgerichteten Assortative Mating bei Individuen mit Migrationshintergrund in Schweden untersucht, indem die Rolle individueller und elterlichen Charakteristika sowie die des Heiratmarktes in den Blick genommen werden. Die Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass ein höheres Niveau des für das Aufnahmeland spezifischen Humankapitals die Wahrscheinlichkeit ethnischer Endogamie sinken und die Wahrscheinlichkeit der Bildungshomogamie steigen lässt. Gelegenheitsstrukturen, hier gemessen anhand der Geschlechterratio und der relativen Größe der ethnischen Gruppe, sind jedoch positiv mit beiden Typen des Assortative Mating korreliert. Elterliche Partnerauswahl (nach ethnischen oder Bildungsaspekten) als ein Maß für die ethnische Gruppenidentität erhöht die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Assortative Mating. Ein Vergleich marginaler Effekte nach dem Geschlecht legt nahe, dass die durch die Ethnizität und das Bildungsniveau definierten sozialen Grenziehungen auf dem Heiratsmarkt von den Männern mit der Akkumulation von örtlichem und allgemeinem Humankapital – relativ gesehen – leichter überschritten werden können. Ebenso gilt, dass der Einfluss der Gruppenidentität für Frauen von größerer Bedeutung ist, wenn Eheschließungen auf der Grundlage der Ethnizität erfolgen und dass dieser Einfluss dann für die Männer wichtiger ist, wenn die Eheschließungen auf der Grundlage des Bildungsniveaus erfolgen.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 1 (2010): Minority ethnic groups' marriage patterns in Europe
Mikroplastik und synthetische Polymere in Kosmetikprodukten sowie Wasch-, Putz- und Reinigungsmitteln
Creators: name: Juergen Bertling
name: Hamann, Leandra
name: Hiebel, Markus
Publisher: name: Fraunhofer UMSICHT
Year: 2018
Subjects: No keywords

description: No abstract.
Patterns of immigrant intermarriage in France: Intergenerational marital assimilation?
Creators: name: Safi, Mirna
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: This article provides insight into immigrant intermarriage in France. It describes trends of immigrant marital behaviour between 1976 and 2000, compares intermarriage rates amongst different immigrant groups and pays particular attention to changes in marital behaviour across immigrant generations. The statistical analyses take into account individual factors and contextual effects such as the sex-ratios and sizes of the groups in question. Based on data from the Échantillon démographique permanent (Permanent Demographic Sample, EDP) of the Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE), findings point to a stable trend of marital behaviour among immigrant men and women over time, sharp differences in intermarriage rates among groups, and a significant change in the marital behaviour of secondgeneration immigrants, who intermarry much more often than their parents regardless of their origin. Zusammenfassung Dieser Beitrag gibt Einblick in interethnische Eheschließungen in Frankreich. Es werden Trends des Heiratsverhaltens von Immigrant(inn)en in den Jahren 1976 und 2000 in Frankreich beschrieben, interethnische Eheschließungsraten bei verschiedenen Immigrantengruppen miteinander verglichen, wobei ein besonderes Augenmerk auf Veränderungen im Heiratsverhalten über die Einwanderergenerationen hinweg gerichtet wird. Bei den statistischen Analysen werden sowohl individuelle Faktoren als auch Kontexteffekte, wie z.B. das Geschlechterverhältnis und die Gruppengröße der betreffenden Gruppen, einbezogen. Auf Basis der Daten des Échantillon démographique permanent (demographische Dauerstichprobe) des Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques (INSEE) deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass es einen über die Zeit stabilen Trend beim Heiratsverhalten von Männern und Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund, sehr deutliche Unterschiede in den interethnischen Eheschließungsraten zwischen den Einwanderergruppen sowie signifikante Veränderungen im Heiratsverhalten der zweiten Generation der Einwanderer gibt. Letztere gehen – unabhängig von ihrer Herkunft – sehr viel häufiger interethnische Ehen als noch ihre Eltern ein.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 1 (2010): Minority ethnic groups' marriage patterns in Europe
title: 03_0333
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Computation of Nash Equilibria of Attack and Defense Games on Networks
Creators: name: Kaźmierowski, Stanisław
name: Dziubiński, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: ACM-class: J.4

description: We consider the computation of a Nash equilibrium in attack and defense games on networks (Bloch et al. [1]). We prove that a Nash Equilibrium of the game can be computed in polynomial time with respect to the number of nodes in the network. We propose an algorithm that runs in O(n4) time with respect to the number of nodes of the network, n.
description: Presented at SAGT-2023
title: Simulationsgestützte Modellierung der elastischen Eigenschaften mikrorissbehafteter Materialien und deren nichtlineare Wechselwirkung mit geführten Wellen
Creators: name: Rjelka, Marek
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dresden
Year: 2019

description: Über den akustoelastischen Effekt bietet die Dispersion von Rayleighwellen einen Zugang zur Bestimmung mechanischer Spannungen. Die quantitative Relation wird dabei mithilfe der akustoelastischen Konstanten hergestellt, die ihrerseits mit den Konstanten dritter Ordnung (TOEC) in der Entwicklung der Formänderungsenergie eines hyperelastischen Materials nach den Dehnungen verknüpft sind. In Zugversuchen werden die TOEC für die Superlegierungen In718 und Ti6246 hier erstmals bestimmt. Mithilfe eines Modells für die Frequenzverschiebung einer Rayleighwelle in einem bzgl. der Oberfläche vertikal inhomogenen Spannungsfeld wird ein Inversionsmodell zur Bestimmung des unbekanntenSpannungstiefenprofils aus gegebenen Dispersionskurven entwickelt. Es stellt sich heraus, dass die Änderung der Phasengeschwindigkeit der Rayleighwellen infolge der Eigenspannungen weit unterhalb der Änderung in den Dispersionskurven liegt, da sich während der Oberflächenbehandlung auch die elastischen Eigenschaften des Materials ändern. Anhand von Mikrorissen, einer prototypischen Ursache solcher Änderungen, wird die Änderung der Materialeigenschaften und die nicht lineare Wechselwirkung dieser mit geführten Wellen untersucht. Dabei wird die Änderungen der effektiven elastischen Konstanten und Modellparameter mikro-mechanischer Modelle des rissbehafteten Gesamtsystems aus den in quasistatischen 3D-Simulationen gewonnenen Spannungs-Dehnungskurven bestimmt. Die zwei hier betrachteten unterschiedlichen Rissarten (flache und gekrümmte Risse) unterscheiden sich auch qualitativ und werden daher sowohl in den Modellen als auch bei der Auswertung der effektiven Konstanten verschieden behandelt. Die nichtlineare Wechselwirkung zwischen Oberflächenwellen und Mikrorissverteilung wird untersucht, um über die Änderung in den Ausbreitungseigenschaften einen Zugang zurRissverteilung zu gewinnen. Die flachen Risse zeigen dabei sowohl bei der Wechselwirkung mit langwelligen, symmetrischen Lamb-Wellen als auch mit Rayleighwellen eine nicht klassische Nichtlinearität, d.h. die Amplitude der zweiten Harmonischen wächst hier mit der Amplitude der Grundschwingung. Im Gegensatz dazu ist das Wachstum derselben bei gekrümmten Rissen quadratisch (klassische Nichtlinearität). Schließlich wird noch eine Inversionsmethode zur Bestimmung der Tiefenprofile elastischer Konstanten aus der Frequenzabhängigkeit des Nichtlinearitätsparameters vorgeschlagen und an einemBeispiel verdeutlicht. Mit den entwickelten Konzepten leistet diese Arbeit damit einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Trennung der Einflüsse von Eigenspannung und plastischer Verformung auf die Rayleighwellendispersion und trägt so zur Entwicklung eines Verfahrens zur zerstörungsfreien Bestimmung von Eigenspannungen in metallischen Werkstoffen bei.
Seven at one blow: the origin of major lineages of the viviparous Lycian salamanders (Lyciasalamandra Veith and Steinfartz, 2004) was triggered by a single paleo-historic event
Creators: name: Veith, Michael
name: Göçmen, Bayram
name: Sotiropoulos, Konstantinos
name: Kieren, Sarah
name: Godmann, Olaf
name: Steinfartz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Paleontology

description: The number of tectonic and climatic events that are used to explain speciation processes in the eastern Mediterranean region is low compared to the western Mediterranean. Among them, the emergence of the mid-Aegean trench and the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) often concurred with speciation time estimates that were inferred from molecular data. We here present a dated molecular phylogeny of Lyciasalamandra from Turkey and Greece based on ca. 4500 bp of the mitochondrial genome (3000 bp of three nuclear genes appeared to be completely inconclusive due to their extremely low degree of variation among taxa). Seven major lineages emerged simultaneously from a basal hard polytomy. A scenario that dates this polytomy to 12.3 and 10.2 million years ago, around the final emergence of the mid-Aegean trench, appears to be most plausible. TheMSC can be made responsible for first intraspecific divergence events within L. luschani, L. fazilae and L. flavimembris. Further diversification can be explained by Pliocene and Pleistocene glaciations. Based on levels of molecular differentiation we suggest the recently described species L. arikani, L. irfani and L. yehudahi to be treated as subspecies of L. billae.
Hartle-Hawking state and its factorization in 3d gravity
Creators: name: Chua, Wan Zhen
name: Jiang, Yikun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study 3d quantum gravity with two asymptotically anti-de Sitter regions, in particular, using its relation with coupled Alekseev-Shatashvili theories and Liouville theory. Expressions for the Hartle-Hawking state, thermal $2n$-point functions, torus wormhole correlators and Wheeler-DeWitt wavefunctions in different bases are obtained using the ZZ boundary states in Liouville theory. Exact results in 2d Jackiw-Teitelboim (JT) gravity are uplifted to 3d gravity, with two copies of Liouville theory in 3d gravity playing a similar role as Schwarzian theory in JT gravity. The connection between 3d gravity and the Liouville ZZ boundary states are manifested by viewing BTZ black holes as Maldacena-Maoz wormholes, with the two wormhole boundaries glued along the ZZ boundaries. In this work, we also study the factorization problem of the Hartle-Hawking state in 3d gravity. With the relevant defect operator that imposes the necessary topological constraint for contractibility, the trace formula in gravity is modified in computing the entanglement entropy. This trace matches with the one from von Neumann algebra considerations, further reproducing the Bekenstein-Hawking area formula from entanglement entropy. Lastly, we propose a calculation for off-shell geometrical quantities that are responsible for the ramp behavior in the late time two-point functions, which follows from the understanding of the Liouville FZZT boundary states in the context of 3d gravity, and the identification between Verlinde loop operators in Liouville theory and "baby universe" operators in 3d gravity.
description: 71 pages+appendices, 33 figures, typos fixed, references added, JHEP accepted version
Eaglesfield: the place, the name, the burials.
Creators: name: Wilson, P A
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 47-54
description: The presence of Viking burials, the place-name derived from eccles, the important pre-Norman church two miles away at Brigham, the topography of the ancient parish of Brigham, the record of ?early Christian rock-cut graves, and certain features in the adjacent parish of Blindbothel, all provide indications of a possible major centre of Christian worship and secular lordship in the area.
Affine homogeneous varieties and suspensions
Creators: name: Arzhantsev, Ivan
name: Zaitseva, Yulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M17, 14R20 (Primary) 14J50, 14L30 (Secondary)

description: An algebraic variety $X$ is called a homogeneous variety if the automorphism group $\mathrm{Aut}(X)$ acts on $X$ transitively, and a homogeneous space if there exists a transitive action of an algebraic group on $X$. We prove a criterion of smoothness of a suspension to construct a wide class of homogeneous varieties. As an application, we give criteria for a Danielewski surface to be a homogeneous variety and a homogeneous space. Also, we construct affine suspensions of arbitrary dimension that are homogeneous varieties but not homogeneous spaces.
description: 12 pages
The Pottery from Turret 52a, Banks East.
Creators: name: Dryden, J S
name: Withell, A R R
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 37-46
description: At the time of the 1933 excavation the report distinguished two phases in the first period, three in the second; re-examination suggests only two phases in the second period, and the 3rd century occupation may be shorter than the quantity of pottery would suggest.
Support for involvement of the renin–angiotensin system in dysplastic Barrett’s esophagus
Creators: name: Bratlie, Svein Olav
name: Casselbrant, Anna
name: Edebo, Anders
name: Fändriks, Lars
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background and aim: Patients with dysplasia in Barrett’s esophagus (BE) have a considerable risk of developing esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC). The mucosal expression of the pro-inflammatory angiotensin II receptor type 1 (AT1R) is elevated in these patients, suggesting a role in carcinogenesis. The purpose of this study was to determine whether interference with the renin–angiotensin system (RAS) would influence downstream markers of carcinogenesis. Methods: Endoscopic mucosal biopsies from BE patients with low-grade dysplasia (LGD) were sampled before and after a three-week period of RAS-interfering treatment. Thirty patients were randomly allocated to enalapril (ACE inhibitor, 5 mg od), candesartan (AT1R antagonist, 8 mg od), or no drug. The expression of 12 proteins known to be associated with RAS and carcinogenesis was assessed using western blot. Results: We found altered expression of several proteins after enalapril treatment (decreased: NFκB, p = .043; NLRP3, p = .050; AMACR, p = .017; and caspase 3, p = .025; increased: p53, p = .050). Candesartan treatment was associated with increased iNOS expression (p = .033). No significant changes were seen in the no-drug group. Conclusion: Interference with angiotensin II formation was associated with altered expression of inflammation- and carcinogenesis-related proteins. The present results speak in favor of involvement of angiotensin II in BE dysplasia, but the role of AT1R should be investigated further.
Random Matrix Statistics in Propagating Correlation Fronts of Fermions
Creators: name: Fujimoto, Kazuya
name: Sasamoto, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study propagating correlation fronts in non-interacting fermions on a one-dimensional lattice starting from an alternating state, where the fermions occupy every other site. We find that, in the long-time asymptotic regime, all the moments of dynamical fluctuations around the correlation fronts are described by the universal correlation functions of Gaussian orthogonal and symplectic random matrices at the soft edge. Our finding here sheds light on a hitherto unknown connection between random matrix theory and correlation propagation in quantum dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
The Ninekirks (Brougham) hoard; a reconsideration.
Creators: name: Casey, P John
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 23-28
description: The hoard of twenty-three coins is not of 6th century, as claimed twenty years ago, but was concealed AD 276-86. It contains quite normal copies of the coinage of the Gallic Empire (radiate crown), and cannot therefore be used to support theories of Dark Age occupation here. See also 79/6015.
Optimal transport distances for directed, weighted graphs: a case study with cell-cell communication networks
Creators: name: Nagai, James S.
name: Costa, Ivan G.
name: Schaub, Michael T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Comparing graphs by means of optimal transport has recently gained significant attention, as the distances induced by optimal transport provide both a principled metric between graphs as well as an interpretable description of the associated changes between graphs in terms of a transport plan. As the lack of symmetry introduces challenges in the typically considered formulations, optimal transport distances for graphs have mostly been developed for undirected graphs. Here, we propose two distance measures to compare directed graphs based on variants of optimal transport: (i) an earth movers distance (Wasserstein) and (ii) a Gromov-Wasserstein (GW) distance. We evaluate these two distances and discuss their relative performance for both simulated graph data and real-world directed cell-cell communication graphs, inferred from single-cell RNA-seq data.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Seven at one blow: the origin of major lineages of the viviparous Lycian salamanders (Lyciasalamandra Veith and Steinfartz, 2004) was triggered by a single paleo-historic event
Creators: name: Veith, Michael
name: Göçmen, Bayram
name: Sotiropoulos, Konstantinos
name: Kieren, Sarah
name: Godmann, Olaf
name: Steinfartz, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Zoology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Paleontology

description: The number of tectonic and climatic events that are used to explain speciation processes in the eastern Mediterranean region is low compared to the western Mediterranean. Among them, the emergence of the mid-Aegean trench and the Messinian Salinity Crisis (MSC) often concurred with speciation time estimates that were inferred from molecular data. We here present a dated molecular phylogeny of Lyciasalamandra from Turkey and Greece based on ca. 4500 bp of the mitochondrial genome (3000 bp of three nuclear genes appeared to be completely inconclusive due to their extremely low degree of variation among taxa). Seven major lineages emerged simultaneously from a basal hard polytomy. A scenario that dates this polytomy to 12.3 and 10.2 million years ago, around the final emergence of the mid-Aegean trench, appears to be most plausible. TheMSC can be made responsible for first intraspecific divergence events within L. luschani, L. fazilae and L. flavimembris. Further diversification can be explained by Pliocene and Pleistocene glaciations. Based on levels of molecular differentiation we suggest the recently described species L. arikani, L. irfani and L. yehudahi to be treated as subspecies of L. billae.
User Training with Error Augmentation for Electromyogram-based Gesture Classification
Creators: name: Bicer, Yunus
name: Smedemark-Margulies, Niklas
name: Celik, Basak
name: Sunger, Elifnur
name: Orendorff, Ryan
name: Naufel, Stephanie
name: Imbiriba, Tales
name: Erdoğmuş, Deniz
name: Tunik, Eugene
name: Yarossi, Mathew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We designed and tested a system for real-time control of a user interface by extracting surface electromyographic (sEMG) activity from eight electrodes in a wrist-band configuration. sEMG data were streamed into a machine-learning algorithm that classified hand gestures in real-time. After an initial model calibration, participants were presented with one of three types of feedback during a human-learning stage: veridical feedback, in which predicted probabilities from the gesture classification algorithm were displayed without alteration, modified feedback, in which we applied a hidden augmentation of error to these probabilities, and no feedback. User performance was then evaluated in a series of minigames, in which subjects were required to use eight gestures to manipulate their game avatar to complete a task. Experimental results indicated that, relative to baseline, the modified feedback condition led to significantly improved accuracy and improved gesture class separation. These findings suggest that real-time feedback in a gamified user interface with manipulation of feedback may enable intuitive, rapid, and accurate task acquisition for sEMG-based gesture recognition applications.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures. V2: Fix latex characters in author name. V3: Add published DOI and Copyright notice
Impact of age, intrinsic subtype and local treatment on long-term local-regional recurrence and breast cancer mortality among low-risk breast cancer patients
Creators: name: Tinne Laurberg
name: Alsner, Jan
name: Tramm, Trine
name: Jensen, Vibeke
name: Lyngholm, Christina D.
name: Christiansen, Peer M.
name: Overgaard, Jens
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aim: To evaluate the long-term prognostic impact of age, local treatment and intrinsic subtypes on the risk of local-regional recurrence (LRR) and breast cancer mortality among low-risk patients. Material and methods: Cohort study with prospectively collected data, balanced five-year age groups, including 514 Danish lymph node negative breast cancer patients diagnosed between 1989 and 1998, treated with mastectomy (N = 320) or breast-conserving therapy (BCT) (N = 194) and without systemic treatment. Intrinsic subtype approximation was performed by combining information on estrogen-, progesterone-, HER2 receptor and Ki67. Results: The majority of the tumors had a luminal subtype: 70% Luminal-A (LumA), 16% Luminal-B (LumB), and 10% Luminal-HER2 + (Lum-HER2+). The distribution of intrinsic subtypes between younger (≤45 years) and older (>45 years) patients was similar. Intrinsic subtypes had no prognostic impact on the 20-year LRR risk, regardless of age. A distinct 20-year mortality pattern was observed among the younger patients: 11% of patients with LumB tumor died of breast cancer within the first five years after primary surgery, 23% of patients with Lum-HER2+ tumor died within a 5–10-year period, whereas patients with LumA tumor died with a constant low rate throughout the 20-year period. After 20 years of follow-up, patients with LumA tumor had breast cancer mortality comparable to that of patients with LumB tumor (20%) and lower than Lum-HER2+ tumor (39%). Among the older patients, no distinct mortality pattern was observed, and the 20-year breast cancer mortality was not associated with intrinsic subtypes. Conclusion: Among low-risk patients, 96% of the tumors were Luminal and the distribution of intrinsic subtypes between younger (≤45 years) and older (>45 years) patients was similar. The observed higher frequency of LRR among younger low-risk BCT patients was not associated intrinsic subtype. The 20-year breast cancer mortality was non-significant for LumA tumors among the older patients, whereas among the younger patients, LumA tumors had a comparable mortality with LumB, but lower than for Lum-HER2 + tumors.
Exponentially Enhanced non-Hermitian Cooling
Creators: name: Xu, Haowei
name: Delić, Uroš
name: Wang, Guoqing
name: Li, Changhao
name: Cappellaro, Paola
name: Li, Ju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Certain non-Hermitian systems exhibit the skin effect, whereby the wavefunctions become exponentially localized at one edge of the system. Such exponential amplification of wavefunction has received significant attention due to its potential applications in e.g., classical and quantum sensing. However, the opposite edge of the system, featured by the exponentially suppressed wavefunctions, remains largely unexplored. Leveraging this phenomenon, we introduce a non-Hermitian cooling mechanism, which is fundamentally distinct from traditional refrigeration or laser cooling techniques. Notably, non-Hermiticity will not amplify thermal excitations, but rather redistribute them. Hence, thermal excitations can be cooled down at one edge of the system, and the cooling effect can be exponentially enhanced by the number of auxiliary modes, albeit with a lower bound that depends on the dissipative interaction with the environment. Non-Hermitian cooling does not rely on intricate properties such as exceptional points or non-trivial topology, and it can apply to a wide range of Bosonic modes such as photons, phonons, magnons, etc.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
openNP Research Data Catalogue
Creators: name: Fable, Quentin
name: Lemasson, Antoine
name: Matta, Adrien
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: EURO-LABS
WP5

description: This poster aims to present an overview and the main highlights of the openNP Catalogue, a digital repository platform dedicated to open science for nuclear physics.

It was presented at EURO-LABS 3rd Annual Meeting for the Work-Package WP5 - Open, Diverse and Inclusive science.
The role of job-related spatial mobility in the household division of labor within couples in Germany and Poland
Creators: name: Hofmeister, Heather
name: Hünefeld, Lena
name: Proch, Celina
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: This paper will examine the self-reported division of housework and childcare in Germany and Poland considering the job-related spatial mobility within dual-earner couples who are living in a household together with a partner, using 2007 data from the Job Mobility and Family Lives in Europe Project. We find that men who are spatially mobile for work often report shifting housework to their partners. Polish couples show a stronger tendency toward an egalitarian division of labor than German couples do, especially in terms of childcare. But the central finding of this research is, gender trumps national differences and spatial mobility constraints. Polish and German women, whether mobile for their work or not, report doing the majority of housework and childcare compared to their partners. Zusammenfassung Dieser Artikel untersucht die Aufteilung von Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung auf Basis von Selbsteinschätzungen berufsbedingt räumlichmobiler sowie nicht mobiler Befragter in Deutschland und Polen. Anhand von Daten des Projektes Job Mobility and Family Lives in Europe (2007) betrachten wir Personen, die mit ihrem Partner in einem Doppelverdienerhaushalt leben. So geben beruflich mobile Männer häufig an, die Hausarbeit auf ihre Partner zu übertragen. Polnische Paare zeigen eine stärkere Tendenz zu einer egalitären Arbeitsteilung als deutsche, insbesondere im Hinblick auf die Kinderbetreuung. Das zentrale Ergebnis unserer Untersuchung ist jedoch, dass das Geschlecht sowohl Mobilitäts- als auch nationale Unterschiede überlagert. Sowohl polnische als auch deutsche Frauen, ob beruflich mobil oder nicht, übernehmen den Hauptanteil an der Hausarbeit und Kinderbetreuung.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 3 (2010): Gender relations in Central and Eastern Europe – Change or continuity?
Latent assimilation with implicit neural representations for unknown dynamics
Creators: name: Li, Zhuoyuan
name: Dong, Bin
name: Zhang, Pingwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68T07, 49N45, 33C55

description: Data assimilation is crucial in a wide range of applications, but it often faces challenges such as high computational costs due to data dimensionality and incomplete understanding of underlying mechanisms. To address these challenges, this study presents a novel assimilation framework, termed Latent Assimilation with Implicit Neural Representations (LAINR). By introducing Spherical Implicit Neural Representations (SINR) along with a data-driven uncertainty estimator of the trained neural networks, LAINR enhances efficiency in assimilation process. Experimental results indicate that LAINR holds certain advantage over existing methods based on AutoEncoders, both in terms of accuracy and efficiency.
description: 40 pages
Employment around first birth in two adverse institutional settings: Evidence from Italy and Poland
Creators: name: Matysiak, Anna
name: Vignoli, Daniele
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: This paper analyses women’s employment behaviour around first birth in Italy and Poland. These two countries have much in common as far as their cultural and institutional frameworks are concerned. However, they also display key differences that allow us to better investigate how the country-specific factors mediate women’s employment behaviour around the first birth. Our findings reveal substantial differences in women’s behaviour across educational groups and between the two countries. We conclude that conditions for combining work and family, although important, are not the only determinants of women’s fertility and employment decisions, and that other country-specific factors are also highly influential. Zusammenfassung In diesem Artikel wird das Erwerbsverhalten von Frauen in Italien und Polen im Umfeld der Geburt des ersten Kindes analysiert. Diese beiden Länder haben hinsichtlich der kulturellen und institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen viel gemeinsam. Sie weisen jedoch auch zentrale Unterschiede auf, die es uns erlauben, genauer zu untersuchen wie die länderspezifischen Faktoren das Erwerbsverhalten von Frauen im Umfeld der Erstgeburt beeinflussen. Unsere Ergebnisse zeigen, dass substanzielle Unterschiede im Verhalten über Bildungsgruppen hinweg und zwischen den beiden Ländern bestehen. Wir kommen zu dem Schluss, dass die Bedingungen der Vereinbarkeit von Arbeit und Familie zwar wichtig, aber nicht die einzigen Determinanten für die Entscheidungen der Frauen hinsichtlich der Fertilität und der Erwerbstätigkeit sind. Andere länderspezifische Faktoren sind dabei ebenfalls sehr einflussreich.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 3 (2010): Gender relations in Central and Eastern Europe – Change or continuity?
Wenn Männer Väter werden – Über die Auswirkungen der Vaterschaft auf Freizeit, Lebenszufriedenheit und familiäre Beziehungen
Creators: name: Pollmann-Schult, Matthias
Publisher: name: Journal of Family Research
Year: 2010

description: This study uses data from the German Socio- Economic Panel (SOEP) to analyze the effect of fatherhood on different aspects of the everyday life of men. The results indicate that fatherhood positively affects men’s life satisfaction, civic engagement, religious participation, and the closeness of the relationship between men and their families of origin. These findings extend past research, which primarily called attention to the negative effects of fatherhood, such as increased psychological strain, reduced marital satisfaction and limitations in leisure activities. Distinguishing between biological fathers and stepfathers shows that the effect of fatherhood differs between both types of fathers with respect to their civic and religious engagements as well as to their relation to their parents. Zusammenfassung Der vorliegende Beitrag analysiert die Auswirkungen der Vaterschaft auf verschiedene Aspekte des Alltagshandelns. Die empirischen Analysen auf Basis des Sozio-oekonomischen Panels (SOEP) zeigen positive Effekte der Vaterschaft hinsichtlich der Lebenszufriedenheit, des bürgerschaftlichen Engagements, der religiösen Partizipation sowie der Beziehung zur Herkunftsfamilie. Diese Befunde ergänzen und erweitern frühere Erkenntnisse, die vor allem auf nachteilige Auswirkungen der Elternschaft – wie die Zunahme psychischer Belastungen, den Rückgang der Beziehungsqualität und Partnerschaftszufriedenheit sowie Einschränkungen im Freizeitverhalten – aufmerksam machen. Eine Differenzierung zwischen biologischen und sozialen Vätern zeigt, dass sich beide Vätertypen in ihrer sozialen und religiösen Partizipation sowie der Beziehung zu den eigenen Eltern voneinander unterscheiden.
description: Journal of Family Research, Vol 22 No 3 (2010): Gender relations in Central and Eastern Europe – Change or continuity?
The dynamic hadronization of charm quarks in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Bierlich, Christian
name: Gustafson, Gösta
name: Lönnblad, Leif
name: Shah, Harsh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PYTHIA8/ANGANTYR model for heavy ion collisions was recently updated with a mechanism for \textit{global colour reconnection}. The colour reconnection model used is QCD colour algebra inspired and enhances baryon production due to the formation of string junctions. In this paper, we present updates to the junction formation and string fragmentation mechanisms, connected to heavy quark fragmentation. This allows for the simulation of heavy quark fragmentation, using junction formation, in heavy ion collisions. The framework is validated for proton collisions, and we show results for charm baryon production in proton-lead collisions.
description: As published in EPJC, 18 pages, 10 figures
Effective versus Floquet theory for the Kerr parametric oscillator
Creators: name: García-Mata, Ignacio
name: Cortiñas, Rodrigo G.
name: Xiao, Xu
name: Chávez-Carlos, Jorge
name: Batista, Victor S.
name: Santos, Lea F.
name: Wisniacki, Diego A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Parametric gates and processes engineered from the perspective of the static effective Hamiltonian of a driven system are central to quantum technology. However, the perturbative expansions used to derive static effective models may not be able to efficiently capture all the relevant physics of the original system. In this work, we investigate the conditions for the validity of the usual low-order static effective Hamiltonian used to describe a Kerr oscillator under a squeezing drive. This system is of fundamental and technological interest. In particular, it has been used to stabilize Schrödinger cat states, which have applications for quantum computing. We compare the states and energies of the effective static Hamiltonian with the exact Floquet states and quasi-energies of the driven system and determine the parameter regime where the two descriptions agree. Our work brings to light the physics that is left out by ordinary static effective treatments and that can be explored by state-of-the-art experiments.
description: 13 pages, 8 Figures. Version accepted in Quantum Journal. (added missing DOI links)
Roman Coins from Kirkby Thore.
Creators: name: Shotter, David C A
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 17-22
description: Some confusion between two separate large finds from the vicinity of the site is sorted out. The first, 167 coins from Newbiggin Hall, was buried very early in the 180s on Maiden Way. The 1838 Troutbeck Bridge hoard of coins and a wide variety of ornaments (now dispersed) remains difficult to explain with its wide date range (Republican to AD 337) and its heterogeneous nature.
Recent Work on the Shap "Avenue".
Creators: name: Clare, Tom
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 5-16
description: NY 567126 etc. Recent fieldwork on this monument (now mutilated but once over 3km long) has supported earlier descriptions, which are shown to be complementary rather than conflicting. Excavation of the Goggleby Stone hole revealed a cushion of clay to help hold the monolith before final positioning and consolidation. The avenue has good parallels in Cumbria and in the West Country.
More Stone Axe Factory Sites in the Cumbrian Fells.
Creators: name: Plint, R G
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Transactions of the Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, 78, 1-4
description: NY 221095. Flakes and some roughouts were found at four sites in the Scafell Pike area. Petrological examination indicated tuffs with some common features between samples; however, variability between sections from similar areas is considerable.
Gravity Network for end-to-end small lesion detection
Creators: name: Russo, Ciro
name: Bria, Alessandro
name: Marrocco, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper introduces a novel one-stage end-to-end detector specifically designed to detect small lesions in medical images. Precise localization of small lesions presents challenges due to their appearance and the diverse contextual backgrounds in which they are found. To address this, our approach introduces a new type of pixel-based anchor that dynamically moves towards the targeted lesion for detection. We refer to this new architecture as GravityNet, and the novel anchors as gravity points since they appear to be "attracted" by the lesions. We conducted experiments on two well-established medical problems involving small lesions to evaluate the performance of the proposed approach: microcalcifications detection in digital mammograms and microaneurysms detection in digital fundus images. Our method demonstrates promising results in effectively detecting small lesions in these medical imaging tasks.