cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Growth of a bubble cloud in CO2-saturated water in microgravity
Creators: name: Vega-Martínez, Patricia
name: Rodríguez-Rodríguez, Javier
name: van der Meer, Devaraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffusion-driven growth of a dense cloud of bubbles immersed in a gas-supersaturated liquid is a problem that finds applications in several modern technologies such as solvent-exchange micro-reactors, nanotechnology or the manufacturing of foamy materials. However, under Earth's gravity conditions, these dynamics can only be observed for a very limited time if the cloud is not attached to a surface, due to the action of buoyancy, i.e. of gravity effects. Here, we present experimental observations of the time evolution of dense bubble clouds growing in CO$_2$-supersaturated water in microgravity conditions. We report the existence of three regimes where the bubble cloud exhibits different growth rates. At short times, each bubble grows independently following the Epstein--Plesset equation. Later on, bubbles start to interact with each other and their growth rate diminishes as they compete for the available CO$_2$. When this happens, the growth rate slows down. This occurs earlier the deeper the bubble is in the cloud. Finally, at long times, only those bubbles on the husk continue growing. These regimes may be qualitatively described by a mathematical model where each individual bubble grows in the presence of a constellation of point mass sinks. Despite the model being only valid for dilute bubble clouds, its predictions are consistent with the experimental observations, even though the bubble clouds we observe are rather dense.
Post-fire regeneration and survival of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis engelm.)
Creators: name: Moody, Randall John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The recruitment trends of whitebark pine (Pinus albicaulis Engel) were investigated in 18 recently burned stands in the Canadian Rockies and the North Cascades. Whitebark pine recruitment in recently burned stands (fires < 60 years prior) was compared to that on paired control stands (no recent fire) to determine if fire was necessary for successful recruitment. Recruitment in recently burned stands was compared with ecological and seed source variables. Along a chronosequence, whitebark pine recruitment was compared with precipitation and with Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). Field sampling consisted of systematic plots established in sampling grids in both burned and control stands In each plot ecological data was collected as was data regarding whitebark pine age, height, and disease status. Recent fire was not found to be a requirement for recruitment. Both distance to and size of seed source were important predictors of whitebark pine recruitment Whitebark pine regeneration densities were low on warm steep rocky sites High whitebark pine recruitment on cooler aspects suggested that whitebark pine could establish on cooler sites when competition. was removed by fire. Most stands were composed of mixed conifers, but only lodgepole pine appeared to limit the growth of whitebark pine Whitebark pine recruitment was episodic on all stands, and recruitment years were correlated among many stands separated by large distances. Episodic recruitment may be due to more than cone masting as recruitment in several stands was also correlated with growing season precipitation and positive PDO values, which may increase the length of growing season. A logistic regression model suggested that infection by white pine blister rust is most likely on older seedlings. The percentage of whitebark pine trees infected by white pine blister rust on a site increased with time since fire Prescribed fires and wildfires should address retention of whitebark pine seed trees on site. Fires that remove competition from mesic-submesic stands may result in the most rapid recruitment of whitebark pine. With the exception of stands heavily stocked with lodgepole pine, all recently burned stands in this study would benefit from increased stocking of whitebark pine by planting.
Sub-picosecond exchange-relaxation in the compensated ferrimagnet Mn$_2$Ru$_x$Ga
Creators: name: Bonfiglio, G.
name: Rode, K.
name: Atcheson, G. Y. P.
name: Stamenov, P.
name: Coey, J. M. D.
name: Kimel, A. V.
name: Rasing, Th.
name: Kirilyuk, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the demagnetization dynamics of the fully compensated half-metallic ferrimagnet Mn$_2$Ru$_x$Ga. While the two antiferromagnetically coupled sublattices are both composed of manganese, they exhibit different temperature dependencies due to their differing local environments. The sublattice magnetization dynamics triggered by femtosecond laser pulses are studied to reveal the roles played by the spin and intersublattice exchange. We find a two-step demagnetization process, similar to the well-established case of Gd(FeCo)$_3$, where the two Mn-sublattices have different demagnetization rates. The behaviour is analysed using a four-temperature model, assigning different temperatures to the two manganese spin baths. Even in this strongly exchange-coupled system, the two spin reservoirs have considerably different behaviour. The half-metallic nature and strong exchange coupling of Mn$_2$Ru$_x$Ga lead to spin angular momentum conservation at much shorter time scales than found for Gd(FeCo)$_3$ which suggests that low-power, sub-picosecond switching of the net moment of Mn$_2$Ru$_x$Ga is possible.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, J. Phys.: Condens. Matter (2021)
Supplementary material-Graeve et al. from Assimilation and turnover rates of lipid compounds in dominant Antarctic copepods fed with 13C-enriched diatoms
Creators: name: Graeve, Martin
name: Boissonnot, Lauris
name: Niehoff, Barbara
name: Hagen, Wilhelm
name: Kattner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Science

description: Antarctic copepods: Statistical data and turnover rates
Additional Figures and Tables from Stable isotopes of fatty acids: current and future perspectives for advancing trophic ecology
Creators: name: Twining, Cornelia W.
name: Taipale, Sami J.
name: Ruess, Liliane
name: Bec, Alexandre
name: Martin-Creuzburg, Dominik
name: Kainz, Martin J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Figures 1-2
Ecology and condition of the ground beetle Scaphinotus angusticollis and distribution of its prey in Pacific Northwest riparian forests
Creators: name: Lavallee, Susanne L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: I studied the population ecology of the flightless, forest-dwelling carabid beetle Scaphinotus angusticollis Fischer Von Waldheim (O. Coleoptera F. Carabidae) and several aspects of its body condition for their associations with forest harvesting. Comparison of population estimates revealed that catch-per-unit-effort estimates were not significantly different from more detailed analyses. In two years of trapping, S. angusticollis population densities were found to be significantly lower in clearcuts, as compared to 30 m riparian reserves and uncut forest, suggesting that riparian buffers provide adequate habitat to maintain populations of this terrestrial insect. Movement of S. angusticollis differed in the three habitats studied between years and treatments, with the greatest movement occurring in 30 m buffers in one year and in control sites the next. Clearcuts had the lowest amount of movement in both years. One of the known prey species for S. angusticollis, snails < 2cm in diameter, were more abundant in clearcut habitat, with Ancotrema hybridum the most abundant species. Canonical correspondence analysis suggests that only A. hybridum were positively correlated with plant cover, and that other species abundances may rely on coarse, downed wood as cover. Thus only some species of snails are associated with recently logged areas. The internal body conditions of S. angusticollis living in clearcut, 30 m buffer and uncut sites showed that gut fullness was significantly correlated with energy storage (fat body) and habitat types (clearcut, 30 m buffer and uncut). This study demonstrates how some forest insects, particularly ground beetles, are affected by harvesting and that current management practices on the stand scale can mitigate some of the negative impacts of logging.
Oscillating bounce solutions and vacuum tunneling in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Hackworth, James C.
name: Weinberg, Erick J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of oscillating bounce solutions to the Euclidean field equations for gravity coupled to a scalar field theory with two, possibly degenerate, vacua. In these solutions the scalar field crosses the top of the potential barrier $k>1$ times. Using analytic and numerical methods, we examine how the maximum allowed value of $k$ depends on the parameters of the theory. For a wide class of potentials $k_{\rm max}$ is determined by the value of the second derivative of the scalar field potential at the top of the barrier. However, in other cases, such as potentials with relatively flat barriers, the determining parameter appears instead to be the value of this second derivative averaged over the width of the barrier. As a byproduct, we gain additional insight into the conditions under which a Coleman-De Luccia bounce exists. We discuss the physical interpretation of these solutions and their implications for vacuum tunneling transitions in de Sitter spacetime.
description: 31 pages, 11 figures
Constraining the Depth of the Winds on Uranus and Neptune via Ohmic Dissipation
Creators: name: Soyuer, Deniz
name: Soubiran, François
name: Helled, Ravit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Determining the depth of atmospheric winds in the outer planets of the Solar System is a key topic in planetary science. We provide constraints on these depths in Uranus and Neptune via the total induced Ohmic dissipation, due to the interaction of the zonal flows and the planetary magnetic fields. An upper bound can be placed on the induced dissipation via energy and entropy flux throughout the interior. The induced Ohmic dissipation is directly linked to the electrical conductivity profile of the materials involved in the flow. We present a method for calculating electrical conductivity profiles of ionically conducting hydrogen-helium-water mixtures under planetary conditions, using results from ab initio simulations. We apply this prescription on several ice giant interior structure models available in the literature, where all the heavy elements are represented by water. According to the energy (entropy) flux budget, the maximum penetration depth for Uranus lies above $0.93R_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle{U}}}$ ($0.90R_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle{U}}}$) and for Neptune above $0.95R_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle{N}}}$ ($0.92R_{\mathrm{\scriptscriptstyle{N}}}$). These results for the penetration depths are upper bounds, and are consistent with previous estimates based on the contribution of the zonal winds to the gravity field. As expected, interior structure models with higher water abundance in the outer regions have also a higher electrical conductivity and therefore reach the Ohmic limit at shallower regions. Thus, our study shows that the likelihood of deep-seated winds on Uranus and Neptune drops significantly with the presence of water in the outer layers.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
Teleportation of an atomic ensemble quantum state
Creators: name: Dantan, Aurelien
name: Treps, Nicolas
name: Bramati, Alberto
name: Pinard, Michel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a protocol to achieve high fidelity quantum state teleportation of a macroscopic atomic ensemble using a pair of quantum-correlated atomic ensembles. We show how to prepare this pair of ensembles using quasiperfect quantum state transfer processes between light and atoms. Our protocol relies on optical joint measurements of the atomic ensemble states and magnetic feedback reconstruction.
BVI Photometric Variability Survey of M3
Creators: name: Hartman, J. D.
name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Szentgyorgyi, A.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted a three band (BVI) variability survey of the globular cluster M3. This is the first three band survey of the cluster using modern image subtraction techniques. Observations were made over 9 nights in 1998 on the 1.2m telescope at the F.L. Whipple Observatory in Arizona. We present photometry for 180 variable stars in the M3 field, of which 12 are newly discovered. New discoveries include six SX Phe type variables which all lie in the blue straggler region of the color magnitude diagram, two new first overtone RR Lyrae, a candidate multi-mode RR Lyrae, a detached eclipsing binary, and two unclassified variables. We also provide revised periods for 52 of the 168 previously known variables that we observe. The catalog and photometry for the variable stars are available via anonymous ftp at ftp://cfa-ftp.harvard.edu/pub/kstanek/M3/
description: 35 pages, 11 figures. Movies associated with this paper at http://www-cfa.harvard.edu/~jhartman/M3_movies.html Accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal. This replacement contains a few minor revisions
Six Years of Gamma Ray Burst Observations with BeppoSAX
Creators: name: Frontera, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I give a summary of the prompt X-/gamma-ray detections of Gamma Ray Bursts (GRBs) with the BeppoSAX satellite and discuss some significant results obtained from the study of the prompt emission of these GRBs obtained with the BeppoSAX Gamma Ray Burst Monitor and Wide Field Cameras.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, published in the proceedings of the Third Rome Workshop on Gamma-Ray Bursts in the Afterglow Era
Fungi associated with the mountain pine beetle, Dendroctonus ponderosae
Creators: name: Lee, Sangwon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The mountain pine beetle (MPB; Dendroctonus ponderosae) and its fungal associates have infested large areas of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia) forests in British Columbia. In order to understand how the fungi affect the beetle epidemics and tree defenses [i.e. tree defences], in this work we identified the fungal species associated with the MPB, characterized their pathogenicity, and investigated the genetic structure of a fungal species, one of the major pathogens. Identifying ophiostomatoid fungi by a classical morphology approach is often inconclusive. For accurate identification, molecular approaches were developed for Ophiostoma montium and Ophiostoma clavigerum. O. montium could be differentiated from a synonymous species, O. ips, using a single polymerase chain reaction of either the β-tubulin gene or ribosomal DNA. Similarly, restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis of the β-tubulin gene using the enzyme Hin fI could distinguish O. clavigerum from other morphologically related ophiostomatoid fungi. Using molecular and morphological approaches, we characterized the diversity of MPB fungal associates. Fungi were isolated from beetles, beetle galleries and sapwood of infested lodgepole pines in six epidemic sites across British Columbia. A total of 1042 fungi that belong to nine species were recognized. Unexpectedly, an O. minutum-like species was frequently isolated from the beetle. Unknown Leptographium and Entomocorticium species were also isolated in addition to the known MPB associates O. clavigerum and O. montium. The unknown Leptographium species was reported as Leptographium longiclavatum sp.nov. The pathogenicity of L. longiclavatum to mature lodgepole pines was estimated and compared to the pathogenicity of O. clavigerum, an MPB associate that is known to kill mature pines when inoculated at high density. For this test, foliage colour, phloem lesions, occlusions, and sapwood moisture content of inoculated trees were examined. The data showed that L. longiclavatum was a pathogen, although it seemed slightly less virulent than O. clavigerum. The genetic diversity of 170 O. clavigerum isolates from five sites in Canada and two sites in the USA was characterized using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP). While the genetic diversity was low, and the geographic and genetic distances were not significantly correlated, we identified two genetically distinct groups in the population.
Electroweak Fits and Constraints on the Higgs Mass
Creators: name: Renton, Peter B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current status of the quantities entering into the global electroweak fits is reviewed, highlighting changes since Summer 2003. These data include the precision electroweak properties of the Z and W bosons, the top-quark mass and the value of the electromagnetic coupling constant, at the scale of the Z boson mass. Using these Z and W (high Q^2) data, the value of the Higss mass is extracted, within the context of the Standard Model (SM). The consistency of the data, and the overall agreement with the SM, are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 postscript figures
Energy landscape of a simple model for strong liquids
Creators: name: Moreno, A. J.
name: Buldyrev, S. V.
name: La Nave, E.
name: Saika-Voivod, I.
name: Sciortino, F.
name: Tartaglia, P.
name: Zaccarelli, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the statistical properties of the energy landscape of a minimal model for strong network-forming liquids. Dynamics and thermodynamic properties of this model can be computed with arbitrary precision even at low temperatures. A degenerate disordered ground state and logarithmic statistics for the energy distribution are the landscape signatures of strong liquid behavior. Differences from fragile liquid properties are attributed to the presence of a discrete energy scale, provided by the particle bonds, and to the intrinsic degeneracy of topologically disordered networks.
description: Revised version
The Experience Economy as the Future for European Agriculture and Food?
Creators: name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Van Herck, Kristine
name: Vandemoortele, Thijs
name: Swinnen, Johan F.M.
name: Van Herck, Kristine
name: Vandemoortele, Thijs
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Agriculture
subject: experience economy

description: As recently as a century ago, one out of two people in Europe was employed in the agricultural sector. Today agriculture represents only a small fraction of total employment in most EU member states. What makes this decline in agricultural employment even more striking is that this evolution has occurred despite substantial EU subsidies to support farmers’ income. Given the apparent ineffectiveness of government support in keeping agricultural employment steady, it is worth considering which farming activities are likely to be successful in the economy of the 21st century. We argue in this paper that a potential growth path for European agriculture is the «experience economy» in which consumers are willing to pay premium prices for products and services that provide additional intangible ‘experiences’. We discuss the growth potential of the «experience economy» in the agricultural sector and conclude that it is worthwhile to consider the experience economy as a pathway for future farm growth.
The Bio-Economy Concept and Knowledge Base in a Public Goods and Farmer Perspective
Creators: name: Schmid, Otto
name: Padel, Susanne
name: Levidow, Les
name: Schmid, Otto
name: Padel, Susanne
name: Levidow, Les
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Bio-economy
subject: public goods
subject: European Union
subject: agro-ecology
subject: sustainable development
subject: rural development

description: Currently an industrial perspective dominates the EU policy framework for a European bio-economy. The Commission’s proposal on the bio-economy emphasises greater resource-efficiency, largely within an industrial perspective on global economic competitiveness, benefiting capital-intensive industries at higher levels of the value chain. However a responsible bio-economy must initially address the sustainable use of resources. Many farmers are not only commodity producers but also providers of quality food and managers of the eco-system. A public goods-oriented bio-economy emphasises agro-ecological methods, organic and low (external) input farming systems, ecosystem services, social innovation in multi-stakeholder collective practices and joint production of knowledge. The potential of farmers and SMEs to contribute to innovation must be fully recognised. This approach recognises the importance of local knowledge enhancing local capabilities, while also accommodating diversity and complexity. Therefore the bio-economy concept should have a much broader scope than the dominant one in European Commission innovation policy. Socio-economic research is needed to inform strategies, pathways and stakeholder cooperation towards sustainability goals.
Critical magnetic Reynolds number of the turbulent dynamo in collisionless plasmas
Creators: name: Chirakkara, Radhika Achikanath
name: Seta, Amit
name: Federrath, Christoph
name: Kunz, Matthew W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intracluster medium of galaxy clusters is an extremely hot and diffuse, nearly collisionless plasma, which hosts dynamically important magnetic fields of $\sim μ{\rm G}$ strength. Seed magnetic fields of much weaker strength of astrophysical or primordial origin can be present in the intracluster medium. In collisional plasmas, which can be approximated in the magneto-hydrodynamical (MHD) limit, the turbulent dynamo mechanism can amplify weak seed fields to strong dynamical levels efficiently by converting turbulent kinetic energy into magnetic energy. However, the viability of this mechanism in weakly collisional or completely collisionless plasma is much less understood. In this study, we explore the properties of the collisionless turbulent dynamo by using three-dimensional hybrid-kinetic particle-in-cell simulations. We explore the properties of the collisionless turbulent dynamo in the kinematic regime for different values of the magnetic Reynolds number, ${\rm Rm}$, initial magnetic-to-kinetic energy ratio, $(E_{\rm{mag}}/E_{\rm{kin}})_{\rm{i}}$, and initial Larmor ratio, $(r_{\rm Larmor}/L_{\rm box})_{\rm i}$, i.e., the ratio of the Larmor radius to the size of the turbulent system. We find that in the `un-magnetised' regime, $(r_{\rm Larmor}/L_{\rm box})_{\rm i} > 1$, the critical magnetic Reynolds number for the dynamo action ${\rm Rm}_{\rm crit} \approx 107 \pm 3$. In the `magnetised' regime, $(r_{\rm Larmor}/L_{\rm box})_{\rm i} \lesssim 1$, we find a marginally higher ${\rm Rm}_{\rm crit} = 124 \pm 8$. We find that the growth rate of the magnetic energy does not depend on the strength of the seed magnetic field when the initial magnetisation is fixed. We also study the distribution and evolution of the pressure anisotropy in the collisionless plasma and compare our results with the MHD turbulent dynamo.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures
On the Importance of Local Sources of Radiation in Cosmological Absorption Systems
Creators: name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An upper limit to the importance of local sources of radiation compared to the cosmic background in cosmological absorption systems is derived, as a simple consequence of the conservation of surface brightness. The limit depends only on the rate of incidence of the absorbers and the mean free path of the radiation. It is found that, on average, the ionizing radiation intensity from local sources in Lyman limit systems at z>2 must be less than half of the intensity of the cosmic background. In absorbers with column densities much lower than Lyman limit systems, the local source contribution must be negligible. The limit on the ratio of local source to background intensities is then applied to the class of damped Lya absorption systems with detectable excited CII lines. A cooling rate of the gas in these systems has been measured by Wolfe et al., who assumed that the balancing heating source is photoelectric heating on dust by light at ~ 1500 A . The intensity from local star formation at this wavelength in this class of damped Lya systems is found to be at most ~ 3 times the background intensity. If the heating source is indeed photoelectric heating of dust, the background created by sources associated with damped Lya systems can then be estimated from the average cooling rates measured in the absorbers. Current results yield a background intensity higher than previous estimates based on observed galaxy and quasar luminosity functions, although with a large uncertainty. The possibility of other sources of heating, such as shock-heating in a turbulent medium, should be explored.
description: submitted to ApJL
Network Segmentation: Concepts and Practices
Creators: name: Kambic, Daniel
name: Fricke, Jason
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80303 Computer System Security
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Imagine a home with only a single large space containing all of your important things, arranged for your convenience. Now imagine someone breaking into it. How safe are your important things? Many organizations implement their networks the same way. By seeking easy and uncomplicated network management--or simply because they don't know better--many organizations can end up with hundreds or thousands of systems connected in a single, massive network. This arrangement can lead to havoc if the network falls victim to attack or even unintentional error. In this blog post, we review the basics of network segmentation and describe how organizations should implement it as an ongoing process.
Culture and the forested landscape : inter and intra-cultural perceptions of modified forest landscapes
Creators: name: Lewis, John Llewellyn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A key feature of the current policy environment in which decisions about landscape management are made is its increasing complexity. In the past, relatively few interests commanded attention in decisions about forest management, today a host of values demand consideration in decision-making. There is a need to consider how this increasingly varied spectrum of interests can be taken into account, particularly where these interests are unfamiliar to land managers such as the preferences of A key feature of the current policy environment in which decisions about landscape management are made is its increasing complexity. First Nations communities. Two central questions underlie this aspect of preference: (1) What is the range of dimensions that local stakeholders consider in their evaluation of modified forest landscapes? (2) How and why do preferences for modified forest landscapes differ between and among First Nations and Euro-Canadians? A sample of First Nations and Euro-Canadian residents of the upper Skeena Valley in Northwest British Columbia were interviewed using a photoelicitation technique for landscape preference evaluation. Photo-realistic simulations of alternative landscape changes in the upper Skeena Valley were presented to the participants, who ranked the landscape treatments and commented at length on the rationale for their rankings. Based on the pattern of results from the participant interviews, I have reached four main conclusions: (1) Landscape preference evaluations are based on a complex and simultaneous weighting of alternative perceived consequences, the degree to which disturbances demonstrate care for natural processes and future needs, as well as physical site characteristics. (2) Ethnic and other sociodemographic characteristics only partially account for differences in landscape preference. People tend to evaluate the landscape from a user perspective and, with a few exceptions; forest-based uses often transcend distinctions of ethnicity, age and gender. (3) People are willing to accept modified or human-influenced landscapes, but the degree to which the treatment visibly demonstrates ’care’ is a salient factor in the participants’ preference evaluations. (4) Environmental value orientations can be conceptualized in terms of a two-dimensional matrix with the New Environmental Paradigm-Dominant Social Paradigm scale configured along one axis, and an additional axis that I have termed the ’hierarchy-interdependence’ dimension.
Equivalence of partition functions for noncommutative U(1) gauge theory and its dual in phase space
Creators: name: Dayi, O. F.
name: Yapiskan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equivalence of partition functions for U(1) gauge theory and its dual in appropriate phase spaces is established in terms of constrained hamiltonian formalism of their parent action. Relations between the electric--magnetic duality transformation and the (S) duality transformation which inverts the strong coupling domains to the weak coupling domains of noncommutative U(1) gauge theory are discussed in terms of the lagrangian and the hamiltonian densities. The approach presented for the commutative case is utilized to demonstrate that noncommutative U(1) gauge theory and its dual possess the same partition function in their phase spaces at the first order in the noncommutativity parameter θ.
description: 15 pages. Version to appear in JHEP
Nuclear pairing and Coriolis effects in proton emitters
Creators: name: Volya, Alexander
name: Davids, Cary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov mean-field approach to treat the problem of proton emission from a deformed nucleus. By substituting a rigid rotor in a particle-rotor-model with a mean-field we obtain a better description of experimental data in $^{141}$Ho. The approach also elucidates the softening of kinematic coupling between particle and collective rotation, the Coriolis attenuation problem.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure
Economics of Food Security: Selected Issues
Creators: name: Saravia-Matus, Silvia L.
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Mary, Sebastien
name: Saravia-Matus, Silvia L.
name: Gomez Y Paloma, Sergio
name: Mary, Sebastien
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food security
subject: technology and innovation policies
subject: small-scale farmers
subject: market stabilization

description: The present article reviews selected key challenges regarding food security from both an academic and policy-oriented angle. In the analysis of the main constraints to achieve food access and availability in low and high-income societies, a detailed distinction is made between technological and institutional aspects. In the case of low-income economies, the emphasis is placed on the socio-economic situation and performance of small-scale farmers while in high-income economies the focus is shifted towards issues of price volatility, market stability and food waste. In both scenarios, productivity and efficiency in the use of resources are also considered. The objective of this assessment is to identify the type of policy support which would be most suitable to fulfil the increasing food demand. Innovation programmes and policies which integrate institutional coordination and technical support are put forward as strategic tools in the achievement of food security goals at regional and global level.
Optimal behavior in the experiments from Experimental evolutionary simulations of learning, memory and life history
Creators: name: Morgan, Thomas J. H.
name: Suchow, Jordan W.
name: Griffiths, Thomas L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Mathematical proofs of the optimal behavior in our experiments
Complete CKM quark mixing via dimensional deconstruction
Creators: name: Hung, P. Q.
name: Soddu, A.
name: Tran, Ngoc-Khanh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the deconstruction of $[SU(2)\times U(1)]^N$ into $[SU(2)\times U(1)]$ is capable of providing all necessary ingredients to completely impliment the complex CKM mixing of quark flavors. The hierarchical structure of quark masses originates from the difference in the deconstructed chiral zero-mode distribution in theory space, while the CP-violating phase comes from the genuinely complex vacuum expectation value of link fields. The mixing is constructed in a specific model to satisfy experimental bounds on quarks' masses and CP violation.
description: RevTex4, 25 pages, typos in section IIC corrected, published version
title: The role of trust in participatory process : a contextual study of mass housing district in Kyiv
Creators: name: Dobrova, Anna
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: partizipative Architektur und Kunst
subject: Participatory Action Research
subject: Massenwohnbau
subject: künstlerische Forschung
subject: postsozialistische Stadträume
subject: participatory architecture and art
subject: Participatory Action Research
subject: mass housing
subject: artistic research
subject: post-socialist urban space

description: Der Massenwohnbau ist ein einzigartiges urbanes Phänomen, entwickelt in den post-Sowjetischen Städten. Diskutierbar ist, dass er eine monotone Lebensumgebung schafft und dadurch einen negativen Einfluss auf die Gemeinschaftsbildung hat. Obwohl die meisten EinwohnerInnen von Kiew in Massenwohnbausiedlungen leben, liegen nur sehr wenige multidisziplinäre Studien über das Leben in diesen Nachbarschaften vor. Im Zuge dieser Arbeit, wurde das soziale Leben in den Massenwohnbezirken analysiert und das verborgene Potenzial seiner lokalen Gemeinschaften durch künstlerische Untersuchungen, basierend auf der Methode der Participatory Action Research, entdeckt. Während der Recherche arbeitete die Autorin mit den BewohnerInnen des Bezirks Obolon in Kiew zusammen und hat ein Projekt mit diesen in deren gemeinschaftlichen Raum geplant und umgesetzt. Die Auswirkung der Intervention auf die Gemeinschaft wird in den Ergebnissen der Forschungsarbeit zusammengefasst. Weiters wird eine mögliche Adaptierung der Methodik diskutiert und ein zukünftiges Potenzial der Participatory Action Research für die Massenwohnbezirke von Kiew ausgewertet.
description: Mass housing is an unique urban phenomena, evolved in the post-Soviet cities. Arguably, it creates a monotonous environment for living and thus has a negative influence on the community development. Although most of the population of Kyiv lives in the mass housing areas, very few multidisciplinary studies of life in this neighbourhoods exists. In the course of this thesis, the social life in mass housing districts was analysed and the hidden potential of its local communities was discovered, using artistic investigation based on Participatory Action Research. During the investigation, the author was working with the community of Obolon' district in Kyiv by planning and implementing a project together with the inhabitants in their shared space. In the results of the investigation, the impact of intervention on the community is summarised, a possible adaptation of the methodology is discussed and a future potential of Participatory Action Research within the mass housing districts of Kyiv is evaluated.
Horizontal Price Transmission in Agricultural Markets: Fundamental Concepts and Open Empirical Issues
Creators: name: Listorti, Giulia
name: Esposti, Roberto
name: Listorti, Giulia
name: Esposti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Price transmission
subject: cointegration
subject: VECM
subject: volatility
subject: market policies

description: Following the dramatic changes experienced by the prices of agricultural commodities in 2007-2008, the analysis of horizontal price transmission mechanisms in agricultural markets has attracted renewed interest. In particular, this has led to the emergence of new challenges for the empirical analysis. How to model the increasing volatility and non linear behaviour of prices, to assess the impact of the policy responses to market turbulence, and how to account for the increasing interconnections between agricultural and non-agricultural commodity markets are amongst the most investigated issues. Building on a common analytical framework, this paper discusses and reviews the most recent methodological developments and empirical contributions in the field.
Positive Mathematical Programming Approaches – Recent Developments in Literature and Applied Modelling
Creators: name: Heckelei, Thomas
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Zhang, Yinan
name: Heckelei, Thomas
name: Britz, Wolfgang
name: Zhang, Yinan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Positive Mathematical Programming
subject: estimation of programming models
subject: farm and sector models
subject: policy impact assessment
subject: review

description: This paper reviews and discusses the more recent literature and application of Positive Mathematical Programming in the context of agricultural supply models. Specifically, advances in the empirical foundation of parameter specifications as well as the economic rationalisation of PMP models – both criticized in earlier reviews – are investigated. Moreover, the paper provides an overview on a larger set of models with regular/repeated policy application that apply variants of PMP. Results show that most applications today avoid arbitrary parameter specifications and rely on exogenous information on supply responses to calibrate model parameters. However, only few approaches use multiple observations to estimate parameters, which is likely due to the still considerable technical challenges associated with it. Equally, we found only limited reflection on the behavioral or technological assumptions that could rationalise the PMP model structure while still keeping the model’s advantages.
Content-Aware Tweet Location Inference using Quadtree Spatial Partitioning and Jaccard-Cosine Word Embedding
Creators: name: Ajao, Oluwaseun
name: Bhowmik, Deepayan
name: Zargari, Shahrzad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.3.3

description: Inferring locations from user texts on social media platforms is a non-trivial and challenging problem relating to public safety. We propose a novel non-uniform grid-based approach for location inference from Twitter messages using Quadtree spatial partitions. The proposed algorithm uses natural language processing (NLP) for semantic understanding and incorporates Cosine similarity and Jaccard similarity measures for feature vector extraction and dimensionality reduction. We chose Twitter as our experimental social media platform due to its popularity and effectiveness for the dissemination of news and stories about recent events happening around the world. Our approach is the first of its kind to make location inference from tweets using Quadtree spatial partitions and NLP, in hybrid word-vector representations. The proposed algorithm achieved significant classification accuracy and outperformed state-of-the-art grid-based content-only location inference methods by up to 24% in correctly predicting tweet locations within a 161km radius and by 300km in median error distance on benchmark datasets.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM 2018)
Gemeinschaftliche Absatz- und Exportförderung für Agrarerzeugnisse und Lebensmittel in Österreich und den USA
Creators: name: Peter, Guenter
name: Peter, Guenter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Absatzförderung
subject: Exportförderung
subject: Außenwirtschaftsförderung
subject: promotion programmes
subject: export promotion

description: Zusammenfassung : Der vorliegende Bericht stellt die wesentlichen Elemente der Absatzförderung Österreichs und der USA dar. Absatzförderung in Österreich ist produktübergreifend, in den USA überwiegend branchenspezifisch organisiert. In beiden Ländern liegt der Schwerpunkt der Maßnahmen auf generischer Werbung. Der Ausgabenanteil für Forschung im Rahmen der Absatzförderung liegt in den USA um den Faktor 2,5 höher als in Österreich. Das erklärte Ziel beider Regierungen ist es, die Exportquote der Ernährungswirtschaft in den nächsten Jahren zu erhöhen. Neben einem Literaturüberblick zur Wirksamkeit generischer Werbung werden ordnungspolitische Leitlinien für staatliche Eingriffe bei der Außenwirtschaftsförderung vorgestellt. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Summary: This study presents key elements of promotion programmes for food and agricultural products in Austria and the USA. The promotion programme in Austria encompasses a variety of different food and agricultural products while the US programmes are mostly branch-specific. Programmes in both countries focus on generic advertising. The share of measures for research and development in the USA is 2.5 times higher than in Austria. Both governments aim to increase food and agriculture related exports during the upcoming years. Beside a short literature review regarding the effectiveness of generic advertising, a regulative guideline for export promotion programmes is presented.
Disorder resistivity of solid neutron-star matter
Creators: name: Jones, P. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lower limits are found for the disorder resistivity of solid neutron-star matter in the neutron-drip region which is amorphous and heterogeneous in nuclear charge. This temperature-independent resistivity, large compared with that produced by phonon scattering, has direct consequences for theories of neutron-star magnetic field generation and evolution.
description: 4 pages revtex; to appear in PRL; some changes following referees' comments
Determinants of technical efficiency in beef cattle production in Kenya
Creators: name: Otieno, David Jakinda
name: Hubbard, Lionel J.
name: Ruto, Eric
name: Otieno, David Jakinda
name: Hubbard, Lionel J.
name: Ruto, Eric
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Beef production
subject: technical efficiency determinants
subject: Kenya

description: The stochastic metafrontier method is applied to estimate technical efficiency levels in beef cattle production in Kenya. Subsequently, a Tobit model is used to assess factors that might influence efficiency. Results show that the average efficiency level is 0.69, suggesting that there is considerable scope to improve beef production in Kenya. Considering the importance of the livestock enterprise to rural livelihoods and its potential role in poverty reduction, there is need for appropriate development strategies for enhanced efficiency. In particular, livestock development policies should focus on provision of technology-related services. For instance, promoting use of controlled cattle crossbreeding methods would enhance productivity gains. Effective institutional support is also necessary in order to improve efficiency, including improved access to market contracts, better farm management skills and off-farm income opportunities. Key words: Beef production; technical efficiency determinants; Kenya. JEL classifications: D24; O32; Q18.
Gravitomagnetic Effects
Creators: name: Schaefer, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper summarizes the most important effects in Einsteinian gravitomagnetic fields related to propagating light rays, moving clocks and atoms, orbiting objects, and precessing spins. Emphasis is put onto the gravitational interaction of spinning objects. The gravitomagnetic field lines of a rotating or spinning object are given in analytic form.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Proc. Hyper Symposium, Paris 2002
title: Obowiązek alimentacyjny a obowiązek o charakterze alimentacyjnym między małżonkami
title: Duty of alimony and support obligations between spouses
Creators: name: Jędrys, Kinga
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2019

description: The subject of this article is the issue of qualification of care for the family obligation which is the content of art. 27 The Family and Guardianship Code as a duty of alimony or as just a support obligation. The author considers just obligation between spouses and focuses on comparison with an alimony obligation. The text presents of main views expressed in Polish legal writings and the review of Polish judicature in this question.

description: Tematem opracowania jest problematyka kwalifikacji obowiązku zaspokajania potrzeb rodziny wynikającego z art. 27 k.r.o. jako obowiązku alimentacyjnego lub jako obowiązku o charakterze alimentacyjnym. Rozważania ograniczają się do obowiązku między małżonkami i koncentrują się na analizie podobieństw do obowiązku alimentacyjnego sensu stricto oraz różnic między tymi dwoma obowiązkami. W rozdziale zostało zaprezentowane stanowisko doktryny oraz przegląd orzecznictwa w tej kwestii.