cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probabilistic Warp Consistency for Weakly-Supervised Semantic Correspondences
Creators: name: Truong, Prune
name: Danelljan, Martin
name: Yu, Fisher
name: Van Gool, Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose Probabilistic Warp Consistency, a weakly-supervised learning objective for semantic matching. Our approach directly supervises the dense matching scores predicted by the network, encoded as a conditional probability distribution. We first construct an image triplet by applying a known warp to one of the images in a pair depicting different instances of the same object class. Our probabilistic learning objectives are then derived using the constraints arising from the resulting image triplet. We further account for occlusion and background clutter present in real image pairs by extending our probabilistic output space with a learnable unmatched state. To supervise it, we design an objective between image pairs depicting different object classes. We validate our method by applying it to four recent semantic matching architectures. Our weakly-supervised approach sets a new state-of-the-art on four challenging semantic matching benchmarks. Lastly, we demonstrate that our objective also brings substantial improvements in the strongly-supervised regime, when combined with keypoint annotations.
description: Accepted at CVPR 2022 code: https://github.com/PruneTruong/DenseMatching
Additional file 1 of Characterization of the primary antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in infants living in a malaria-endemic area
Creators: name: Tassi Yunga, Samuel
name: Siriwardhana, Chathura
name: Fouda, Genevieve G.
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Sama, Grace
name: Chen, John J.
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Comparison of antibody levels in babies at 1 week of life whose subsequent primary infections were sub-microscopic (n = 18) or detected by slide-microscopy (n = 39) Horizontal lines = medians. SUB = sub-microscopic infection; Slide = infection detected by microscopy.
Electronic correlations stabilizing time-reversal broken chiral superconductivity in single-trilayer TiSe$_2$
Creators: name: Ganesh, R.
name: Baskaran, G.
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
name: Efremov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bulk TiSe$_2$ is an intrinsically layered transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) hosting both superconducting and charge density wave (CDW) ordering. Motivated by the recent progress in preparing two-dimensional TMDs, we study these frustrated orderings in {\it single} trilayer of TiSe$_2$ within a renormalization group approach. We establish that a novel state with time-reversal symmetry broken chiral superconductivity can emerge from the strong competition between CDW formation and superconductivity. Its stability depends on the precise strength and screening of the electron-electron interactions in two-dimensional TiSe$_2$.
description: 4 pages + Supplementary Material
The Question and Variable Database (QVDB)  -  A portal for the ESS
Creators: name: Beuster, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The Question Variable Database (QVDB) with the Colectica platform as technical backbone can be described as a system for storage and retrieval of questions and variables, and facilitating reuse of their metadata and metadata components. The overall aim of the QVDB is to serve the ESS, and potentially other survey programmes, in their business processes of specifying, documenting, versioning and disseminating survey data.

The European Social Survey (ESS) is an academically driven cross-national survey that has been conducted across Europe since its establishment in 2001. Every two years, face-to-face interviews are conducted with newly selected, cross-sectional samples.

In particular, this presentation describes how the QVDB was populated with 8 waves of ESS data including the transformation from DDI-C into DDI3.2 and it gives examples on how variables from different points in time or different datasets correspond to each other using the three levels structure of ConceptualVariable, RepresentedVariable and Variable (DDI3.2 variable harmonization)
Unravelling the effect of SrTiO3 antiferrodistortive phase transition on the magnetic properties of La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 thin films
Creators: name: Mota, D. A.
name: Barcelay, Y. Romaguera
name: Senos, A. M. R.
name: Fernandes, C. M.
name: Tavares, P. B.
name: Gomes, I. T.
name: Sá, P.
name: Fernandes, L.
name: Almeida, B. G.
name: Figueiras, F.
name: Vaghefi, P. Mirzadeh
name: Amaral, V. S.
name: Almeida, A.
name: de la Cruz, J. Pérez
name: Moreira, J. Agostinho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) thin films, with different thickness ranging from 20 nm up to 330 nm, were deposited on (100)-oriented strontium titanate (STO) substrates by pulsed laser deposition, and their structure and morphology characterized at room temperature. Magnetic and electric transport properties of the as-processed thin films reveal an abnormal behavior in the temperature dependent magnetization M(T) below the antiferrodistortive STO phase transition (TSTO) and also an anomaly in the magnetoresistance and electrical resistivity close to the same temperature. Up to 100 nm LSMO thin films, an in-excess magnetization and pronounced changes in the coercivity are evidenced, achieved through the interface-mediated magnetoelastic coupling with antiferrodistortive domain wall movement occurring below TSTO. Contrarily, for thicker LSMO thin films, above 100 nm, an in-defect magnetization is observed. This reversed behavior can be understood within the emergence in the upper layer of the film, observed by high resolution transmission electron microscopy, of a branched structure needed to relax elastic energy stored in the film which leads to randomly oriented magnetic domain reconstructions. For enough high-applied magnetic fields, as thermodynamic equilibrium is reached, a fully suppression of the anomalous magnetization occurs, wherein the temperature dependence of the magnetization starts to follow the expected Brillouin behavior.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
STORIE DI ORDINARIA FOLLIA LEGISLATIVA IN TEMPI DI "COVID ABOLITO PER LEGGE", MENTRE INCOMBE LA MINACCIA GLOBALE DETERMINATA DALLA POLITICA CINESE DI GESTIONE DELLA PANDEMIA. I DISABILI GRAVI ITALIANI ESPOSTI AL COVID PERCHÉ UN LEGISLATORE DISTRATTO IMPONE LORO IL RITORNO AL LAVORO IN PRESENZA DALLO SMART-WORKING A PARTIRE DAL 1° GENNAIO 2023
Creators: name: Izzo, Umberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Diritto del lavoro
Persone affette da disabilità
Legge 104/1992
Covid
Smart-working
Legge finanziaria 2023

description: Questo breve paper verifica il quadro normativo che si prospetta all’indomani della emanazione della legge 197/2022 (la c.d. Finanziaria o Legge di Bilancio 2023) con riguardo alla proroga della possibilità di avvalersi dello smart-working per la categoria dei lavoratori disabili gravi ai sensi della legge 104/1992. Emerge un pasticcio normativo che fa sì che questa categoria di lavoratori – che nelle intenzioni professate dal Legislatore avrebbe dovuto vedere prorogata una misura che la categoria dei disabili gravi aveva sempre mantenuto fin dall’avvio della pandemia – dal 1° gennaio 2023 possa essere invitata dal datore di lavoro a tornare al lavoro in presenza, rischiando di perdere il posto di lavoro in caso di mancata presentazione sul luogo di lavoro. Nel contributo si esprime l’auspicio che il Legislatore ponga rimedio con la massima urgenza a questo esito, dettato da un errore di drafting normativo, che calpesta i diritti di una categoria di lavoratori fragili che il legislatore avrebbe dovuto continuare a tutelare, in un quadro epidemico globale che certo non lascia sperare che la pandemia possa svanire nell’immediato.
The potential implication of VOCs for Tropical Peatland accumulation in the Congo Basin
Creators: name: Robinson, Kirby
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The inherent conditions of tropical peatlands contradict their existence, since the hot and humid climate typically promotes decomposition in a way which would prevent the accumulation of organic matter. There is understood to be some factor(s) operating which inhibits the activities of decomposing bacteria and fungi to allow the preservation of organic matter and hence the development of peatlands. VOCs are instrumental in mediating belowground microbial interactions as allelochemicals for bacteria and fungi. There is a growing body of literature which reports VOCs exercising an antagonistic effect on microbes to inhibit their activity, thereby supressing decomposition and decay processes. Using SPME/GC-MS to extract and identify compounds from plant and peat material from the recently discovered and pristine Congo Basin peatlands, a total of 89 VOC compounds were identified. Of these, 59 had been studied in the literature for their antimicrobial and allelopathic effects either in isolation or acting in synergy. These compounds demonstrate the ability to inhibit the breakdown of organic material in a variety of mediums. Until now, the influence and effect of VOCs on decomposition processes has been overlooked and should in future be considered for their potential positive impact on peatland accumulation processes. Their presence could provide a mechanism to account for the existence of tropical peatlands, particularly those that are close to the climatic limits for peat formation.
A framework for minimal hereditary classes of graphs of unbounded clique-width
Creators: name: Brignall, Robert
name: Cocks, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C75, 05C85

description: We create a framework for hereditary graph classes $\mathcal{G}^δ$ built on a two-dimensional grid of vertices and edge sets defined by a triple $δ=\{α,β,γ\}$ of objects that define edges between consecutive columns, edges between non-consecutive columns (called bonds), and edges within columns. This framework captures all previously proven minimal hereditary classes of graph of unbounded clique-width, and many new ones, although we do not claim this includes all such classes. We show that a graph class $\mathcal{G}^δ$ has unbounded clique-width if and only if a certain parameter $\mathcal{N}^δ$ is unbounded. We further show that $\mathcal{G}^δ$ is minimal of unbounded clique-width (and, indeed, minimal of unbounded linear clique-width) if another parameter $\mathcal{M}^β$ is bounded, and also $δ$ has defined recurrence characteristics. Both the parameters $\mathcal{N}^δ$ and $\mathcal{M}^β$ are properties of a triple $δ=(α,β,γ)$, and measure the number of distinct neighbourhoods in certain auxiliary graphs. Throughout our work, we introduce new methods to the study of clique-width, including the use of Ramsey theory in arguments related to unboundedness, and explicit (linear) clique-width expressions for subclasses of minimal classes of unbounded clique-width.
description: 33 pages, 7 figures
How the CESSDA Euro Question Bank integrates with different technologies
Creators: name: Hashemi, Azadeh
name: Boland, Katarina
name: Mühlbauer, Alexander
name: Akdeniz, Esra
name: Zenk-Möltgen, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: The CESSDA Euro Question Bank (EQB) project provides a central search facility across all CESSDA’s survey questions in different languages, as shown at EDDI last year. It uses a metadata schema based on DDI-Lifecycle standard and also provides conversion mappings from DDI-Codebook. The latest work in EQB was to finalize this metadata schema in close collaboration with the CESSDA CMM2 project and is now one of the major project results. It combines an object structure that is not too complicated with properties that are compatible to the DDI schema. Using this metadata schema, CESSDA service providers can supply their contents from various formats to EQB.

The EQB system architecture consists of the EQB-Frontend, implemented with the Vaadin user interface technology, and the EQB-Backend, using Elasticsearch for the search index and the FlatDB relational database on MySQL to store DDI snippets. In addition, EQB uses a challenging technology called Docker. Docker is an operating system virtualization tool to manage, centralize, ease and deploy heterogeneous applications and services. The presentation will show the different components of the EQB application, focusing on new developments during the last year and implementation issues with the DDI metadata used.
Additional file 1 of Do patients bypass primary care for common health problems under a free-access system? Experience of Taiwan
Creators: name: Liang, Li-Lin
name: Huang, Nicole
name: Yi-Jung Shen
name: Chen, Annie Yu-An
name: Yiing-Jenq Chou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Appendix A. Diagnosis codes for diabetes, hypertension, common cold, and comorbidities. Appendix B. Standardizing outpatient visits for multiple years.
KOI-3278: A Self-Lensing Binary Star System
Creators: name: Kruse, Ethan
name: Agol, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over 40% of Sun-like stars are bound in binary or multistar systems. Stellar remnants in edge-on binary systems can gravitationally magnify their companions, as predicted 40 years ago. By using data from the Kepler spacecraft, we report the detection of such a "self-lensing" system, in which a 5-hour pulse of 0.1% amplitude occurs every orbital period. The white dwarf stellar remnant and its Sun-like companion orbit one another every 88.18 days, a long period for a white dwarf-eclipsing binary. By modeling the pulse as gravitational magnification (microlensing) along with Kepler's laws and stellar models, we constrain the mass of the white dwarf to be ~63% of the mass of our Sun. Further study of this system, and any others discovered like it, will help to constrain the physics of white dwarfs and binary star evolution.
description: Published in Science. Main text 6 pages, 3 figures. Supplement 16 pages, 7 figures. Code used for analysis is available at http://github.com/ethankruse/koi3278 . Animation showing ingress of the lensing event at https://www.dropbox.com/s/eb3pznxi990vn00/KOI3278_pulse_starspots2_1024.mp4 . Executive summary for non-astronomers available at http://www.astro.washington.edu/users/eakruse/papers.php
Finding Ways Between Metadata Models
Creators: name: Kleemola, Mari
name: Moilanen, Katja
name: Dolinar, Maja
name: Brvar, Irena Vipavc
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: In an era of open data and research data management movements, the research community is facing a growing number of metadata models and standards, recommendations and requirements for research data. It’s enough to make your head spin and get lost.

This presentation provides guidance for surviving in the metadata jungle. We will present findings from a crosswalk of metadata models relevant to CESSDA ERIC, European data archives, and researchers in the social sciences. These include, for example, OpenAIRE, the DDI-based CESSDA Data Catalogue metadata and CESSDA Metadata Model, Dublin Core, DataCite, da|ra and Dataverse. We will discuss the advantages and disadvantages of  the ‘lowest common denominator' approach to resource metadata compared to  a ‘rich disciplinary metadata’ approach like the DDI, and provide some examples of data services and their take on metadata.

The presentation builds on the work of CESSDA's Metadata Management and DataverseEU projects, and Data Without Boundaries project.
Additional file 1 of Physiologic responses to a staircase lung volume optimization maneuver in pediatric high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Creators: name: Jager, Pauline De
name: Burgerhof, Johannes G. M.
name: Koopman, Alette A.
name: Markhorst, Dick G.
name: Kneyber, Martin C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Oscillator settings at start of the lung volume optimization maneuver, at the end of the incremental phase, at the end of the decremental phase and one hour after completion of the maneuver.
Additional file 2 of Characterization of the primary antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in infants living in a malaria-endemic area
Creators: name: Tassi Yunga, Samuel
name: Siriwardhana, Chathura
name: Fouda, Genevieve G.
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Sama, Grace
name: Chen, John J.
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. IgM antibody levels during the first year of life. Horizontal lines show the cut-off for antibody positivity. (n = 47 babies). A. AMA-1 (3D7), B. AMA1 (FVO); C. EBA-175; D. MSP2 (3D7); E. MSA2 (FC27) F. MSP1-42 (3D7); G. MSP1-42 (FVO); H. MSP3; I. RESA, J. LSA1, and K. CSP.
Additional file 3 of Physiologic responses to a staircase lung volume optimization maneuver in pediatric high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Creators: name: Jager, Pauline De
name: Burgerhof, Johannes G. M.
name: Koopman, Alette A.
name: Markhorst, Dick G.
name: Kneyber, Martin C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Figure S2. Pooled changes in tidal volume (Vt) measured during the lung volume optimization maneuver for a given continuous distending pressure (CDP) (normalized from 0 to 100%) fitted according to Venegas for the incremental phase and decremental phase.
The Impact of Cross-Lingual Adjustment of Contextual Word Representations on Zero-Shot Transfer
Creators: name: Efimov, Pavel
name: Boytsov, Leonid
name: Arslanova, Elena
name: Braslavski, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large multilingual language models such as mBERT or XLM-R enable zero-shot cross-lingual transfer in various IR and NLP tasks. Cao et al. (2020) proposed a data- and compute-efficient method for cross-lingual adjustment of mBERT that uses a small parallel corpus to make embeddings of related words across languages similar to each other. They showed it to be effective in NLI for five European languages. In contrast we experiment with a typologically diverse set of languages (Spanish, Russian, Vietnamese, and Hindi) and extend their original implementations to new tasks (XSR, NER, and QA) and an additional training regime (continual learning). Our study reproduced gains in NLI for four languages, showed improved NER, XSR, and cross-lingual QA results in three languages (though some cross-lingual QA gains were not statistically significant), while mono-lingual QA performance never improved and sometimes degraded. Analysis of distances between contextualized embeddings of related and unrelated words (across languages) showed that fine-tuning leads to "forgetting" some of the cross-lingual alignment information. Based on this observation, we further improved NLI performance using continual learning.
description: Presented at ECIR 2023
Pre-training of Equivariant Graph Matching Networks with Conformation Flexibility for Drug Binding
Creators: name: Wu, Fang
name: Jin, Shuting
name: Jiang, Yinghui
name: Jin, Xurui
name: Tang, Bowen
name: Niu, Zhangming
name: Liu, Xiangrong
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Zeng, Xiangxiang
name: Li, Stan Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The latest biological findings observe that the traditional motionless 'lock-and-key' theory is not generally applicable because the receptor and ligand are constantly moving. Nonetheless, remarkable changes in associated atomic sites and binding pose can provide vital information in understanding the process of drug binding. Based on this mechanism, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were invented as a useful tool for investigating the dynamic properties of a molecular system. However, the computational expenditure limits the growth and application of protein trajectory-related studies, thus hindering the possibility of supervised learning. To tackle this obstacle, we present a novel spatial-temporal pre-training method based on the modified Equivariant Graph Matching Networks (EGMN), dubbed ProtMD, which has two specially designed self-supervised learning tasks: an atom-level prompt-based denoising generative task and a conformation-level snapshot ordering task to seize the flexibility information inside MD trajectories with very fine temporal resolutions. The ProtMD can grant the encoder network the capacity to capture the time-dependent geometric mobility of conformations along MD trajectories. Two downstream tasks are chosen, i.e., the binding affinity prediction and the ligand efficacy prediction, to verify the effectiveness of ProtMD through linear detection and task-specific fine-tuning. We observe a huge improvement from current state-of-the-art methods, with a decrease of 4.3% in RMSE for the binding affinity problem and an average increase of 13.8% in AUROC and AUPRC for the ligand efficacy problem. The results demonstrate valuable insight into a strong correlation between the magnitude of conformation's motion in the 3D space (i.e., flexibility) and the strength with which the ligand binds with its receptor.
Fig 1.
Creators: name: Wang, Longteng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310201
subject: Bioinformatic methods development
classificationCode: 310204
subject: Genomics and transcriptomics
classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified

description: This is the source code to reproduce the TimeTalk manuscript
Additional file 1 of Psychosocial factors associated with postpartum psychological distress during the Covid-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Ostacoli, Luca
name: Cosma, Stefano
name: Bevilacqua, Federica
name: Berchialla, Paola
name: Bovetti, Marialuisa
name: Carosso, Andrea Roberto
name: Malandrone, Francesca
name: Carletto, Sara
name: Benedetto, Chiara
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Survey developed for the study – English language version.
Critical Success Factors to Information Technology Projects Implementation: the Case of Commercial Bank of Ethiopia
Creators: name: Gedamu, Elias Yenehun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: For an organization performing its business in today’s competitive business environment

information technology/information system is already considered as a critical factor. And, given

the fact that IT system projects are one of the most costly investment decisions and one of a very

few major strategic dimensions to giant service providers (including Commercial Bank of

Ethiopia (CBE)) and similarly getting them implemented is majorly a challenging task by itself.

The overall purpose of this project work is to discover the CSFs to IS/IT system projects

implementation process in terms of their empirical importance in the case of Commercial Bank of

Ethiopia (CBE). Regards to the methodology employed for this project work, a quantitative data

collected from previous implementers of IS/IT system project(s) used, whereas Principal

Component Analysis (PCA) statistical estimation technique was used together with its related data

testing tools. Whereas, the analysis part consists of ranking CSFs through descriptive statistics,

computing commonalities, unrotated and rotated component matrix, total variance calculation,

Pearson correlation technique, and covariance etc. to materialize the above analysis, a statistical

software package for social science (SPSS) was used. Using the above methods of analysis, Top

Management Support, Team Work, Composition, and Capability, Project Leadership, Proper and

Adequate Training, Project Management, Technological Infrastructure, Business Process

Adjustment, Information Systems Adjustment, Processes and Sub-processes (Stakeholders)

Participation, and Business Process Fit: Data Fit were found as an individual key success factors.

Whereas, Five major principal components (dimensions) of CSFs were extracted for this

particular project work, these are already labeled as Process related CSFs, Quality related CSFs

Enterprise related CSFs Project related CSFs, Business and IT System Alignment related CSFs.
Universum-inspired Supervised Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Han, Aiyang
name: Geng, Chuanxing
name: Chen, Songcan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As an effective data augmentation method, Mixup synthesizes an extra amount of samples through linear interpolations. Despite its theoretical dependency on data properties, Mixup reportedly performs well as a regularizer and calibrator contributing reliable robustness and generalization to deep model training. In this paper, inspired by Universum Learning which uses out-of-class samples to assist the target tasks, we investigate Mixup from a largely under-explored perspective - the potential to generate in-domain samples that belong to none of the target classes, that is, universum. We find that in the framework of supervised contrastive learning, Mixup-induced universum can serve as surprisingly high-quality hard negatives, greatly relieving the need for large batch sizes in contrastive learning. With these findings, we propose Universum-inspired supervised Contrastive learning (UniCon), which incorporates Mixup strategy to generate Mixup-induced universum as universum negatives and pushes them apart from anchor samples of the target classes. We extend our method to the unsupervised setting, proposing Unsupervised Universum-inspired contrastive model (Un-Uni). Our approach not only improves Mixup with hard labels, but also innovates a novel measure to generate universum data. With a linear classifier on the learned representations, UniCon shows state-of-the-art performance on various datasets. Specially, UniCon achieves 81.7% top-1 accuracy on CIFAR-100, surpassing the state of art by a significant margin of 5.2% with a much smaller batch size, typically, 256 in UniCon vs. 1024 in SupCon using ResNet-50. Un-Uni also outperforms SOTA methods on CIFAR-100. The code of this paper is released on https://github.com/hannaiiyanggit/UniCon.
description: Accepted by IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Parameter selection and numerical approximation properties of Fourier extensions from fixed data
Creators: name: Adcock, Ben
name: Ruan, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fourier extensions have been shown to be an effective means for the approximation of smooth, nonperiodic functions on bounded intervals given their values on an equispaced, or in general, scattered grid. Related to this method are two parameters. These are the extension parameter $T$ (the ratio of the size of the extended domain to the physical domain) and the oversampling ratio $η$ (the number of sampling nodes per Fourier mode). The purpose of this paper is to investigate how the choice of these parameters affects the accuracy and stability of the approximation. Our main contribution is to document the following interesting phenomenon: namely, if the desired condition number of the algorithm is fixed in advance, then the particular choice of such parameters makes little difference to the algorithm's accuracy. As a result, one is free to choose $T$ without concern that it is suboptimal. In particular, one may use the value $T=2$ - which corresponds to the case where the extended domain is precisely twice the size of the physical domain - for which there is known to be a fast algorithm for computing the approximation. In addition, we also determine the resolution power (points-per-wavelength) of the approximation to be equal to $T η$, and address the trade-off between resolution power and stability.
Invited review: Epidemics on social networks
Creators: name: Kuperman, Marcelo N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Since its first formulations almost a century ago, mathematical models for disease spreading contributed to understand, evaluate and control the epidemic processes.They promoted a dramatic change in how epidemiologists thought of the propagation of infectious diseases.In the last decade, when the traditional epidemiological models seemed to be exhausted, new types of models were developed.These new models incorporated concepts from graph theory to describe and model the underlying social structure.Many of these works merely produced a more detailed extension of the previous results, but some others triggered a completely new paradigm in the mathematical study of epidemic processes. In this review, we will introduce the basic concepts of epidemiology, epidemic modeling and networks, to finally provide a brief description of the most relevant results in the field.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures
Deforming solutions of geometric variational problems with varying symmetry groups
Creators: name: Bettiol, Renato G.
name: Piccione, Paolo
name: Siciliano, Gaetano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46T05, 47J07, 58C15, 58D19

description: We prove an equivariant implicit function theorem for variational problems that are invariant under a varying symmetry group (corresponding to a bundle of Lie groups). Motivated by applications to families of geometric variational problems lacking regularity, several non-smooth extensions of the result are discussed. Among such applications is the submanifold problem of deforming the ambient metric preserving a given variational property of a prescribed family of submanifolds, e.g., constant mean curvature, up to the action of the corresponding ambient isometry groups.
description: LaTeX2e, 26 pages, to appear in Transform. Groups
A Consistent Orbital Stability Analysis for the GJ 581 System
Creators: name: Joiner, David A.
name: Sul, Cesar
name: Dragomir, Diana
name: Kane, Stephen R.
name: Kress, Monika E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a combination of N-body modeling techniques and automated data fitting with Monte Carlo Markov Chain uncertainty analysis of Keplerian orbital models to radial velocity data to determine long term stability of the planetary system GJ 581. We find that while there are stability concerns with the 4-planet model as published by Forveille et al. (2011), when uncertainties in the system are accounted for, particularly stellar jitter, the hypothesis that the 4-planet model is gravitationally unstable is not statistically significant. Additionally, the system including proposed planet g by Vogt et al. (2012) also shows some stability concerns when eccentricities are allowed to float in the orbital fit, yet when uncertainties are included in the analysis the system including planet g also can not be proven to be unstable. We present revised reduced chi-squared values for Keplerian astrocentric orbital fits assuming 4-planet and 5-planet models for GJ~581 under the condition that best fits must be stable, and find no distinguishable difference by including planet g in the model. Additionally we present revised orbital element estimates for each assuming uncertainties due to stellar jitter under the constraint of the system being gravitationally stable.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Circuit knitting with classical communication
Creators: name: Piveteau, Christophe
name: Sutter, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scarcity of qubits is a major obstacle to the practical usage of quantum computers in the near future. To circumvent this problem, various circuit knitting techniques have been developed to partition large quantum circuits into subcircuits that fit on smaller devices, at the cost of a simulation overhead. In this work, we study a particular method of circuit knitting based on quasiprobability simulation of nonlocal gates with operations that act locally on the subcircuits. We investigate whether classical communication between these local quantum computers can help. We provide a positive answer by showing that for circuits containing $n$ nonlocal CNOT gates connecting two circuit parts, the simulation overhead can be reduced from $O(9^n)$ to $O(4^n)$ if one allows for classical information exchange. Similar improvements can be obtained for general Clifford gates and, at least in a restricted form, for other gates such as controlled rotation gates.
description: v3: 20 pages, 6 figures; published version
Strongly dipolar gases in a one-dimensional lattice: Bloch oscillations and matter-wave localization
Creators: name: Natale, G.
name: Bland, T.
name: Gschwendtner, S.
name: Lafforgue, L.
name: Grün, D. S.
name: Patscheider, A.
name: Mark, M. J.
name: Ferlaino, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-dimensional quantum gases of strongly dipolar atoms can undergo a crossover from a dilute gas to a dense macrodroplet, stabilized by quantum fluctuations. Adding a one-dimensional optical lattice creates a platform where quantum fluctuations are still unexplored, and a rich variety of new phases may be observable. We employ Bloch oscillations as an interferometric tool to assess the role quantum fluctuations play in an array of quasi-two-dimensional Bose-Einstein condensates. Long-lived oscillations are observed when the chemical potential is balanced between sites, in a region where a macrodroplet is extended over several lattice sites. Further, we observe a transition to a state that is localized to a single lattice plane$-$driven purely by interactions$-$marked by the disappearance of the interference pattern in the momentum distribution. To describe our observations, we develop a discrete one-dimensional extended Gross-Pitaevskii theory, including quantum fluctuations and a variational approach for the on-site wavefunction. This model is in quantitative agreement with the experiment, revealing the existence of single and multisite macrodroplets, and signatures of a two-dimensional bright soliton.
description: 12 pages, 4+4 figures
Network efficiency of spatial systems with fractal morphology: a geometric graphs approach
Creators: name: Flores-Ortega, A. C.
name: Nicolás-Carlock, J. R.
name: Carrillo-Estrada, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The functional features of spatial networks depend upon a non-trivial relationship between the topological and physical structure. Here, we explore that relationship for spatial networks with radial symmetry and disordered fractal morphology. Under a geometric graphs approach, we quantify the effectiveness of the exchange of information in the system from center to perimeter and over the entire network structure. We mainly consider two paradigmatic models of disordered fractal formation, the Ballistic Aggregation and Diffusion-Limited Aggregation models, and complementary, the Viscek and Hexaflake fractals, and Kagome and Hexagonal lattices. First, we show that complex tree morphologies provide important advantages over regular configurations, such as an invariant structural cost for different fractal dimensions. Furthermore, although these systems are known to be scale-free in space, they have bounded degree distributions for different values of an euclidean connectivity parameter and, therefore, do not represent ordinary scale-free networks. Finally, compared to regular structures, fractal trees are fragile and overall inefficient as expected, however, we show that this efficiency can become similar to that of a robust hexagonal lattice, at a similar cost, by just considering a very short euclidean connectivity beyond first neighbors.
description: Spatial networks, fractal morphology, network efficiency
Competition between monomeric and dimeric crystals in schematic models for globular proteins
Creators: name: Fusco, Diana
name: Charbonneau, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Advances in experimental techniques and in theoretical models have improved our understanding of protein crystallization. But they have also left open questions regarding the protein phase behavior and self-assembly kinetics, such as why (nearly) identical crystallization conditions sometimes result in the formation of different crystal forms. Here, we develop a patchy particle model with competing sets of patches that provides a microscopic explanation of this phenomenon. We identify different regimes in which one or two crystal forms can coexist with a low-density fluid. Using analytical approximations, we extend our findings to different crystal phases, providing a general framework for treating protein crystallization when multiple crystal forms compete. Our results also suggest different experimental routes for targeting a specific crystal form, and for reducing the dynamical competition between the two forms, thus facilitating protein crystal assembly.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Accepted in the Journal of Physical Chemistry B
Additional file 3 of Characterization of the primary antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in infants living in a malaria-endemic area
Creators: name: Tassi Yunga, Samuel
name: Siriwardhana, Chathura
name: Fouda, Genevieve G.
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Sama, Grace
name: Chen, John J.
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Some infants had several IgG responses during the first year of life Note: MFI were similar between the primary and secondary IgG Ab response. Figure A-H show IgG responses of different infants (Baby#). Babies A-E had only 1 to 2 detected infections; whereas, babies F to H had multiple infections.
Additional file 5 of Physiologic responses to a staircase lung volume optimization maneuver in pediatric high-frequency oscillatory ventilation
Creators: name: Jager, Pauline De
name: Burgerhof, Johannes G. M.
name: Koopman, Alette A.
name: Markhorst, Dick G.
name: Kneyber, Martin C. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Table S3. Comparison between the number of patients with hemodynamic instability and new barotrauma before and after the lung volume optimization maneuver.
Generalized Dimers and their Stokes-variable Dynamics
Creators: name: Xu, H.
name: Kevrekidis, P. G.
name: Saxena, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work, we generalize the setting of dimers with potential gain and loss which have been extensively considered recently in $\mathcal{P T}$-symmetric contexts. We consider a pair of waveguides which are evanescently coupled but may also be actively coupled and may possess onsite gain and loss, as well as (possibly non-uniform) nonlinearity. We identify (and where appropriate review from earlier work) a plethora of interesting dynamical scenaria ranging from the existence of stable and unstable fixed points and integrable dynamics, to the emergence of pitchfork or Hopf bifurcations and the generation of additional fixed points and limit cycles, respectively, as well as the potential deviation of trajectories to infinity. Thus, a catalogue of a large number of possible cases is given and their respective settings physically justified (where appropriate).
End-to-end Memory-Efficient Reconstruction for Cone Beam CT
Creators: name: Moriakov, Nikita
name: Sonke, Jan-Jakob
name: Teuwen, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cone Beam CT plays an important role in many medical fields nowadays, but the potential of this imaging modality is hampered by lower image quality compared to the conventional CT. A lot of recent research has been directed towards reconstruction methods relying on deep learning. However, practical application of deep learning to CBCT reconstruction is complicated by several issues, such as exceedingly high memory costs of deep learning methods for fully 3D data. In this work, we address these limitations and propose LIRE: a learned invertible primal-dual iterative scheme for Cone Beam CT reconstruction. Memory requirements of the network are substantially reduced while preserving its expressive power, enabling us to train on data with isotropic 2mm voxel spacing, clinically-relevant projection count and detector panel resolution on current hardware with 24 GB VRAM. Two LIRE models for small and for large Field-of-View setting were trained and validated on a set of 260 + 22 thorax CT scans and tested using a set of 142 thorax CT scans plus an out-of-distribution dataset of 79 head \& neck CT scans. For both settings, our method surpasses the classical methods and the deep learning baselines on both test sets. On the thorax CT set, our method achieves PSNR of 33.84 $\pm$ 2.28 for the small FoV setting and 35.14 $\pm$ 2.69 for the large FoV setting; U-Net baseline achieves PSNR of 33.08 $\pm$ 1.75 and 34.29 $\pm$ 2.71 respectively. On the head \& neck CT set, our method achieves PSNR of 39.35 $\pm$ 1.75 for the small FoV setting and 41.21 $\pm$ 1.41 for the large FoV setting; U-Net baseline achieves PSNR of 33.08 $\pm$ 1.75 and 34.29 $\pm$ 2.71 respectively. Additionally, we demonstrate that LIRE can be finetuned to reconstruct high-resolution CBCT data with the same geometry but 1mm voxel spacing and higher detector panel resolution, where it outperforms the U-Net baseline as well.
Boolean Logic Gates From A Single Memristor Via Low-Level Sequential Logic
Creators: name: Gale, Ella
name: Costello, Ben de Lacy
name: Adamatzky, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94C-06

description: By using the memristor's memory to both store a bit and perform an operation with a second input bit, simple Boolean logic gates have been built with a single memristor. The operation makes use of the interaction of current spikes (occasionally called current transients) found in both memristors and other devices. The sequential time-based logic methodology allows two logical input bits to be used on a one-port by sending the bits separated in time. The resulting logic gate is faster than one relying on memristor's state switching, low power and requires only one memristor. We experimentally demonstrate working OR and XOR gates made with a single flexible Titanium dioxide sol-gel memristor.
description: Conference paper, published in Springer Lecture Notes in Computer Science http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-642-39074-6_9
Additional file 4 of Characterization of the primary antibody response to Plasmodium falciparum antigens in infants living in a malaria-endemic area
Creators: name: Tassi Yunga, Samuel
name: Siriwardhana, Chathura
name: Fouda, Genevieve G.
name: Bobbili, Naveen
name: Sama, Grace
name: Chen, John J.
name: Leke, Rose F. G.
name: Taylor, Diane Wallace
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figsure S4. No correlation between antibody levels at birth and time to first infection. Ab levels (MFI) in plasma collected at the first visit (mean 9 ± 2 days) of each baby were plotted against time (days) to first infection that was detected by PCR or slide. Simple linear regression was used to determine if Ab levels to any of the antigens was associated with a significant delay in time to infection. No association was found (all R2 values were very low < 0.01 indicating no association) and all p values were non-significant (> 0.01), showing the regression lines did not differ significant from zero (horizontal). Babies who remained malaria-negative during the first year were assigned a value of 366 days as the time to first infection.