cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Self-similar solutions for relativistic shocks emerging from stars with polytropic envelopes
Creators: name: Pan, Margaret
name: Sari, Re'em
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a strong ultrarelativistic shock moving through a star whose envelope has a polytrope-like density profile. When the shock is close to the star's outer boundary, its behavior follows the self-similar solution given by Sari (2005) for implosions in planar geometry. Here we outline this solution and find the asymptotic solution as the shock reaches the star's edge. We then show that the motion after the shock breaks out of the star is described by a self-similar solution remarkably like the solution for the motion inside the star. In particular, the characteristic Lorentz factor, pressure, and density vary with time according to the same power laws both before and after the shock breaks out of the star. After emergence from the star, however, the self-similar solution's characteristic position corresponds to a point behind the leading edge of the flow rather than at the shock front, and the relevant range of values for the similarity variable changes. Our numerical integrations agree well with the analytic results both before and after the shock reaches the star's edge.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, submitted to ApJ
Nonsmoothness in Machine Learning: specific structure, proximal identification, and applications
Creators: name: Iutzeler, Franck
name: Malick, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Nonsmoothness is often a curse for optimization; but it is sometimes a blessing, in particular for applications in machine learning. In this paper, we present the specific structure of nonsmooth optimization problems appearing in machine learning and illustrate how to leverage this structure in practice, for compression, acceleration, or dimension reduction. We pay a special attention to the presentation to make it concise and easily accessible, with both simple examples and general results.
Stuck with headaches: a case report of Arnold-Chiari syndrome
Creators: name: Azevedo, Pedro
name: Pinho-Costa, Luís
name: Ribeiro, Tiago
name: Lobo, Isabel
name: Hélder Sousa
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Case report.

Despite the non-specific signs and low prevalence/incidence, in a Primary Care setting it is of paramount importance to consider Arnold-Chiari syndrome type I in the differential diagnosis of headaches, allowing for a quick referral to the hospital. As it can be a familial trait, the family doctor is also ideally positioned to study the remaining family.

The Arnold-Chiari Syndrome results of a congenital defect in the skull base resulting in varying degrees of cerebellum and brainstem herniation through the foramen magnum. Its presentation is highly variable: ranging from life incompatibility to asymptomatic, it can present with recurrent headaches aggravated with Valsalva maneuvers, cervical pain, vertigo, visual, hearing and oropharyngeal complaints, impaired coordination and, in severe cases, paralysis. The incidence of symptomatic Chiari is unknown but a prevalence up to 1% has been estimated for Chiari type I, defined as herniation of cerebellar tonsils greater than 3-5 mm. It affects women three times more likely than men. Diagnosis is made through a combination of patient history, neurological examination, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
COMPOSITION Digital Factory Model XML Schema Documentation
Creators: name: Nizamis, Alexandros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: digital factory model

description: Digital Factory Model (DFM) of COMPOSITION project aims at the digitalization of industrial aspects in order to provide a model of information elements used for information exchange between COMPOSITION components. By using the documented schema, factory instances can be described in a common way. The XML syntax has been selected for the implementation of DFM, as it provides a high level of simplicity, extensibility, interoperability and openness. DFM’s implementation is based on well-known standards: - B2MML covers the basic package of DFM. B2MML offers basic data types for the domain of manufacturing as Assets, Equipment, Actors and Procedures. - gbXML and X3D covers the package which is related to the building information model - BPMN covers the package of DFM which is related to business process list - OGC Observations and Measurements for events and sensor measurements representation (The XML package is documented here. In the project this package has been replaced by its JSON implementation) The above described packages are imported to DFM schema. All rights of the imported schemas/packages reserved to their respective owners who are cited in the references field. The documented schemas are available for download from owners web pages.
description: The uploaded file provides a documentation of the COMPOSITION DFM schema in HTML representation. In order to use it unzip the file and open index.html in a web browser. This documentation aims to describe the following xsd files: 1. COMPOSITION DFM schema 2. COMPOSITION Common schema which contains some common types and elements definitions for the DFM schema's structure 3. B2MML schema which contains some modifications from the original schema as they introduced from SatisFactory EU project and contains some extra types for a more detailed representation of the factory's static information. The original B2MML schema is documented in details: https://services.mesa.org/ResourceLibrary/ShowResource/0f47758b-60f0-40c6-a71bfa7b2363fb3a 3. The rest of the imported schemas (OGC Observations and Measurements XML Implementation, gbXML version 5.12, BPMN20, x3d 3.3) that were used in their original forms. The detailed representation and description of the used existing standards are available in the corresponding web pages:
description: {"references": ["MESA International B2MML: https://services.mesa.org/ResourceLibrary/ShowResource/0f47758b-60f0-40c6-a71b-fa7b2363fb3a", "Green Building XML: http://www.gbxml.org/schema/5-12/GreenBuildingXML_Ver5.12.xsd.txt", "Web3D Consortium's X3D Working Group: http://www.web3d.org/specifications/x3d-3.3.xsd", "Object Management Group\u00ae, OMG\u00ae, BPMN20 package: https://www.omg.org/spec/BPMN/2.0/", "OGC Observation and Measurements: https://www.opengeospatial.org/standards/om, Open Geospatial Consortium, Inc. All Rights Reserved. http://www.opengeospatial.org/ogc/document", "https://www.composition-project.eu/"]}
The OSER project
Creators: name: Moniez, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The OSER project (Optical Scintillation by Extraterrestrial Refractors) is proposed to search for scintillation of extragalactic sources through the galactic -- disk or halo -- transparent $\mathrm{H\_2}$ clouds, the last unknown baryonic structures. This project should allow one to detect column density stochastic variations in cool Galactic molecular clouds of order of $\sim 3\times 10^{-5} \mathrm{g/cm^2}$ per $\sim 10 000 \mathrm{km}$ transverse distance.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures, 1 table
Predictors for complications during laparoscopic cholecystectomy in a cohort of 1234 patients, Hospital San Jose, Bogota, Colombia
Creators: name: Aldana, Guillermo
name: Martinez, Luis
name: Hosman, Manuel
name: Ardila, Diego
name: Mariño, Fernando
name: Ricardo, Michael
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy are well known and are related to intra-abdominal collections, re-operations and bile common duct injury. This ppster develops a prediction model for those complications in a cohort of 1234 patients using a logistic regression model. Factors associated are: age, sex, ESRD, ERCP, emergency surgery and some of intraoperative findings (Mirizzi Syndrome and others).
Internal water storage capacity of terrestrial planets and the effect of hydration on the M-R relation
Creators: name: Shah, Oliver
name: Alibert, Yann
name: Helled, Ravit
name: Mezger, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the chemical interactions between water and Mg-silicates or iron is essential to constrain the interiors of water-rich planets. Hydration effects have, however, been mostly neglected by the astrophysics community so far. As such effects are unlikely to have major impacts on theoretical mass-radius relations this is justified as long as the measurement uncertainties are large. However, upcoming missions, such as the PLATO mission (scheduled launch 2026), are envisaged to reach a precision of up to $\approx 3 \%$ and $\approx 10 \%$ for radii and masses, respectively. As a result, we may soon enter an area in exoplanetary research where various physical and chemical effects such as hydration can no longer be ignored. Our goal is to construct interior models for planets that include reliable prescriptions for hydration of the cores and the mantles. These models can be used to refine previous results for which hydration has been neglected and to guide future characterization of observed exoplanets. We have developed numerical tools to solve for the structure of multi-layered planets with variable boundary conditions and compositions. Here we consider three types of planets: dry interiors, hydrated interiors and dry interiors + surface ocean where the ocean mass fraction corresponds to the mass fraction of $\rm H_2 O$ equivalent in the hydrated case. We find H/OH storage capacities in the hydrated planets equivalent to $0-6 \rm \ wt\% \ \rm H_{2}O$ corresponding to up to $\approx 800 \rm \ km$ deep ocean layers. In the mass range $0.1 \leq M/M_\oplus \leq 3$ the effect of hydration on the total radius is found to be $\leq 2.5\%$ whereas the effect of differentiation into an isolated surface ocean is $\leq 5 \ \%$. Furthermore, we find that our results are very sensitive to the bulk composition.
description: 34 pages
A characterization of Sturmian sequences by indistinguishable asymptotic pairs
Creators: name: Barbieri, Sebastián
name: Labbé, Sébastien
name: Starosta, Štěpán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37B10 (Primary) 68R15, 37C29 (Secondary)

description: We give a new characterization of biinfinite Sturmian sequences in terms of indistinguishable asymptotic pairs. Two asymptotic sequences on a full $\mathbb{Z}$-shift are indistinguishable if the sets of occurrences of every pattern in each sequence coincide up to a finitely supported permutation. This characterization can be seen as an extension to biinfinite sequences of Pirillo's theorem which characterizes Christoffel words. Furthermore, we provide a full characterization of indistinguishable asymptotic pairs on arbitrary alphabets using substitutions and biinfinite characteristic Sturmian sequences. The proof is based on the well-known notion of derived sequences.
description: v1: 22 pages, 2 figures. v2: 23 pages, 2 figures. v3: fixed few typos
Commutative combinatorial Hopf algebras
Creators: name: Hivert, F.
name: Novelli, J. -C.
name: Thibon, J. -Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose several constructions of commutative or cocommutative Hopf algebras based on various combinatorial structures, and investigate the relations between them. A commutative Hopf algebra of permutations is obtained by a general construction based on graphs, and its non-commutative dual is realized in three different ways, in particular as the Grossman-Larson algebra of heap ordered trees. Extensions to endofunctions, parking functions, set compositions, set partitions, planar binary trees and rooted forests are discussed. Finally, we introduce one-parameter families interpolating between different structures constructed on the same combinatorial objects.
description: 29 pages, LaTEX; expanded and updated version of math.CO/0502456
Costs and Structure of U.S. Hog Production, 1988-91
Creators: name: Shapouri, Hosein
name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
name: Bailey, Pat
name: Shapouri, Hosein
name: Mathews, Kenneth H.
name: Bailey, Pat
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Farrow-to-finish
subject: feeder pig producer
subject: feeder pig finisher
subject: cost of production

description: Hog producers' receipts and costs from 1988 through 1991 showed that net returns peaked in 1990. Hog and pig prices were higher than in 1988-89 with lower feed prices, which also increased returns for feeder pig producing and feeder pig finishing operations in 1990. The decline in net returns in 1991 was caused by lower prices in that year for slaughter hogs, feeder pigs, and cull hogs. Improved technologies led to more efficient production. Feed use declined 14 percent, or 60 pounds, per hundredweight of hogs and pigs sold from 1980 to 1988, with the North Central States showing the lowest feed expenses. Litter size continued an upward trend. Operations have on average become larger, with the large firms weaning more pigs per litter earlier at smaller weights and marketing hogs at slightly lower weights, although such large firms have relatively higher expenses for veterinary costs and labor. In all, the large operations were not much more profitable than the small ones, with the increased profits coming mostly from increased volume.
Grover like Operator Using Only Single-Qubit Gates
Creators: name: Kato, Go
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new quantum circuit for the quantum search problem. The quantum circuit is superior to Grover's algorithm in some realistic cases. The reasons for the superiority are in short as follows: In the quantum circuit proposed in this paper, all the operators except for the oracle can be written as direct products of single-qubit gates. Such separable operators can be executed much faster than multi-particle operators, such as c-NOT gates and Toffoli gates, in many realistic systems. The idea of this quantum circuit is inspired by the Hamiltonian used in the adiabatic quantum computer. In addition, the scaling of the number of oracle calls for this circuit is the same as that for Grover's algorithm, i.e. $O(2^{n/2})$.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure: to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Two lives: Compositions of unimodular rows
Creators: name: Chintala, Vineeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A63, 15A66, 13C10, 19A13

description: The paper lays the foundation for the study of unimodular rows using Spin groups. We show that elementary orbits of unimodular rows (of any length $n\geq 3$) are equivalent to elementary Spin orbits on the unit sphere. (This bijection is true over all commutative rings). In the special case $n=3$, we get an interpretation of the Vaserstein symbol using Spin groups. In addition, we introduce a new composition law that operates on certain subspaces of the underlying quadratic space (using the multiplication in composition algebras). In particular, the special case of split-quaternions leads to the composition of unimodular rows (discovered by L. Vaserstein and later generalized by W. van der Kallen). Strikingly, with this approach, we now see the possibility of new orbit structures not only for unimodular rows (using octonion multiplication) but also for more general quadratic spaces.
description: Accepted for publication in Advances in Mathematics. Final version before page proofs. 25 pages, Comments are welcome!
Transcription of text by Karäsâ about women's experiences
Creators: name: Lapierre, Myriam
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: kre

description: Work in gardening, life in the community. Text of transcription session. Audio and video recordings of original story (dated July 26, 2016) are archived with the Endangered Languages Archive (ELAR): https://elar.soas.ac.uk/Record/MPI1091743. Text transcription done directly on a laptop.
A General Theory of Turbulence-Regulated Star Formation, From Spirals to ULIRGs
Creators: name: Krumholz, Mark R.
name: McKee, Christopher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytic prediction for the star formation rate in environments ranging from normal galactic disks to starbursts and ULIRGs in terms of the observables of those systems. Our calculation is based on three premises: (1) star formation occurs in virialized molecular clouds that are supersonically turbulent; (2) the density distribution within these clouds is lognormal, as expected for supersonic isothermal turbulence; (3) stars form in any sub-region of a cloud that is so overdense that its gravitational potential energy exceeds the energy in turbulent motions. We show that a theory based on this model is consistent with simulations and with the observed star formation rate in the Milky Way. We use our theory to derive the Kennicutt-Schmidt Law from first principles, and make other predictions that can be tested by future observations. We also provide an algorithm for estimating the star formation rate that is suitable for inclusion in numerical simulations.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, emulateapj format, accepted for publication in ApJ
Feedback Design for Control of the Micro-Bunching Instability based on Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Boltz, Tobias
name: Brosi, Miriam
name: Bründermann, Erik
name: Haerer, Bastian
name: Kaiser, Peter
name: Pohl, Christoph
name: Schreiber, Patrick
name: Yan, Minjie
name: Asfour, Tamim
name: Müller, Anke-Susanne
Publisher: name: Europäische Organisation für Kernforschung (CERN)
Year: 2020

description: The operation of ring-based synchrotron light sources with short electron bunches increases the emission of coherent synchrotron radiation in the THz frequency range. However, the micro-bunching instability resulting from self-interaction of the bunch with its own radiation field limits stable operation with constant intensity of CSR emission to a particular threshold current. Above this threshold, the longitudinal charge distribution and thus the emitted radiation vary rapidly and continuously. Therefore, a fast and adaptive feedback system is the appropriate approach to stabilize the dynamics and to overcome the limitations given by the instability. In this contribution, we discuss first efforts towards a longitudinal feedback design that acts on the RF system of the KIT storage ring KARA (Karlsruhe Research Accelerator) and aims for stabilization of the emitted THz radiation. Our approach is based on methods of adaptive control that were developed in the field of reinforcement learning and have seen great success in other fields of research over the past decade. We motivate this particular approach and comment on different aspects of its implementation.
Curvature Grafted by Instantons
Creators: name: Gasparim, Elizabeth
name: Suzuki, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 14D21

description: We show that an instanton with high charge can provoke the creation of extra curvature on the space that holds it. Geometrically, this corresponds to a new surgery operation, which we name grafting. Curvature around a sphere increases by grafting when the charge of an instanton decays.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures
Integrating simple genus two string invariants over moduli space
Creators: name: Basu, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider an Sp(4,Z) invariant expression involving two factors of the Kawazumi--Zhang (KZ) invariant each of which is a modular graph with one link, and four derivatives on the moduli space of genus two Riemann surfaces. Manipulating it, we show that the integral over moduli space of a linear combination of a modular graph with two links and the square of the KZ invariant reduces to a boundary integral. We also consider an Sp(4,Z) invariant expression involving three factors of the KZ invariant and six derivatives on moduli space, from which we deduce that the integral over moduli space of a modular graph with three links reduces to a boundary integral. In both cases, the boundary term is completely determined by the KZ invariant. We show that both the integrals vanish.
description: 27 pages, LaTeX; 4 figures
Two-point statistics without bins: A continuous-function generalization of the correlation function estimator for large-scale structure
Creators: name: Storey-Fisher, Kate
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-point correlation function (2pcf) is the key statistic in structure formation; it measures the clustering of galaxies or other density field tracers. Estimators of the 2pcf, including the standard Landy-Szalay (LS) estimator, evaluate the 2pcf in hard-edged separation bins, which is scientifically inappropriate and results in a poor trade-off between bias and variance. We present a new 2pcf estimator, the Continuous-Function Estimator, which generalizes LS to a continuous representation and obviates binning in separation or any other pair property. Our estimator, inspired by the mathematics of least-squares fitting, replaces binned pair counts with projections onto basis functions; it outputs the best linear combination of basis functions to describe the 2pcf. The choice of basis can take into account the expected form of the 2pcf, as well as its dependence on pair properties other than separation. We show that the Continuous-Function Estimator with a cubic-spline basis better represents the shape of the 2pcf compared to LS. We also estimate directly the baryon acoustic scale, using a small number of physically-motivated basis functions. Critically, this leads to a reduction in the number of mock catalogs required for covariance estimation, which is currently the limiting step in many 2pcf analyses. We discuss further applications of the Continuous-Function Estimator, including determination of the dependence of clustering on galaxy properties and searches for potential inhomogeneities or anisotropies in large-scale structure.
description: Accepted to ApJ
Characterizing Phase Transitions in Liquid Cesium by a Soft-core and Large Attractive Equation of State
Creators: name: Ghatee, M. H.
name: Bahadori, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates to identify phase transitions in condensed liquid cesium metal by considering the variation of intermolecular potential parameters εand r_m in the whole liquid range, with εbeing the potential well-depth and r_m the position of minimum potential. These parameters were obtained from the parameters of a new equation of state that was derived recently by using the characteristic potential function. By this method, transitions at about 575 K, 800 K, 1000 K, 1350 K and 1650 K were identified. Transitions at 575 K, 800 K, and 1000 K are weak but, the one at 1350 K is very significant and has been explored experimentally and theoretically as the metal non-metal transition (MNMT), which is a phase transition before the critical condition dominates the thermodynamics. Also variations of the linear correlation coefficient of the isotherms generate a spot point pattern of these transitions. Our observations at 575 K for εand r_m are in accord with the anomalies in adiabatic thermal coefficient of pressure, density, viscosity, electrical conductivity, and structure factor.
description: 17 pages, 7 Figures
On the spectra of nonsymmetric Laplacian matrices
Creators: name: Agaev, Rafig
name: Chebotarev, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50; 05C05; 05C20; 15A18; 15A51

description: A Laplacian matrix is a square real matrix with nonpositive off-diagonal entries and zero row sums. As a matrix associated with a weighted directed graph, it generalizes the Laplacian matrix of an ordinary graph. A standardized Laplacian matrix is a Laplacian matrix with the absolute values of the off-diagonal entries not exceeding 1/n, where n is the order of the matrix. We study the spectra of Laplacian matrices and relations between Laplacian matrices and stochastic matrices. We prove that the standardized Laplacian matrices are semiconvergent. The multiplicities of 0 and 1 as the eigenvalues of a standardized Laplacian matrix are equal to the in-forest dimension of the corresponding digraph and one less than the in-forest dimension of the complementary digraph, respectively. These eigenvalues are semisimple. The spectrum of a standardized Laplacian matrix belongs to the meet of two closed disks, one centered at 1/n, another at 1-1/n, each having radius 1-1/n, and two closed angles, one bounded with two half-lines drawn from 1, another with two half-lines drawn from 0 through certain points. The imaginary parts of the eigenvalues are bounded from above by 1/(2n) cot(pi/2n); this maximum converges to 1/pi as n goes to infinity. Keywords: Laplacian matrix; Laplacian spectrum of graph; Weighted directed graph; Forest dimension of digraph; Stochastic matrix
description: 11 pages
RozoFS – A fault-tolerant filesystem for NGS data
Creators: name: Travis, Tony
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: RozoFS is an interesting new scale-out filesystem that can store petabytes of data reliably using COTS (Commodity Off-The-Shelf) hardware and the Mojette Transform to detect and correct storage errors. The Mojette Transform performs well in both forward and reverse directions, in comparison to Reed-Solomon codes that are widely used in error correction and erasure coding on existing RAID or cluster filesystems. A comparison is made of raw disk performance, hardware RAID6 and RozoFS read/write performance using the "iozone" benchmark. Hardware RAID, as expected, performs well on reads but not on writes. In comparison, RozoFS performs well on both reads and writes but performance was limited by the 1Gb network fabric used in the evaluation. Higher performance may be obtained with a 10Gb/Infiniband fabric.
How was the mushroom-shaped GW 123.4--1.5 formed in the Galactic disk?
Creators: name: Baek, Chang Hyun
name: Kudoh, Takahiro
name: Tomisaka, Kohji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unusual mushroom-shaped HI cloud, GW 123.4--1.5, is hundreds of parsecs in size but does not show any correlations to HI shells or chimney structures. To investigate the origin and velocity structure of GW 123.4--1.5, we perform three-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations of the collision of a high-velocity cloud with the Galactic disk. We also perform a parameter study of the density, radius, and incident angle of the impact cloud. The numerical experiments indicate that we reproduce the mushroom-shaped structure which resembles GW 123.4--1.5 in shape, size, position-velocity across the cap of the mushroom, and the density ratio between the mushroom and surrounding gas. GW 123.4--1.5 is expected to be formed by the almost head-on collision of a HVC with velocity $\sim 100 \kms$ and mass $\sim 10^5 \Msun$ about $5 \times 10^7 \yr$ ago. A mushroom-shaped structure like GW 123.4--1.5 must be infrequent on the Galactic plane, because the head-on collision which explains the mushroom structure seems rare for observed HVCs. HVC-disk collision explains not only the origin of the mushroom-shaped structure but also the formation of a variety of structures like shells, loops, and vertical structures in our Galaxy.
description: Revised the manuscript and added references, 23 pages with 9 figures
A partition of connected graphs
Creators: name: Wiseman, Gus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C30, 05C05

description: We define an algorithm k which takes a connected graph G on a totally ordered vertex set and returns an increasing tree R (which is not necessarily a subtree of G). We characterize the set of graphs G such that k(G)=R. Because this set has a simple structure (it is isomorphic to a product of non-empty power sets), it is easy to evaluate certain graph invariants in terms of increasing trees. In particular, we prove that, up to sign, the coefficient of x^q in the chromatic polynomial of G is the number of increasing forests with q components that satisfy a condition that we call G-connectedness. We also find a bijection between increasing G-connected trees and broken circuit free subtrees of G.
description: 8 pages
Grammatical elicitation
Creators: name: Panära, Sokkrëë
name: Lapierre, Myriam
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: kre

description: See pages 7-8 (July 2), 9-14 (July 4), 15-18 (July 5), and 18-19 (July 7) of associated field notes. Remaining days have no associated field notes, as this consisted in text transcription conducted directly on a laptop.
New insights into novel prognostic biomarkers of longevity in ALS Patients
Creators: name: Redondo, Alberto García
name: Generelo, Salvador Polo
name: Atencia, Gabriela
name: Calvo, Ana Cristina
name: Juárez-Rufián, Alexandra
name: Cordero-Vázquez, Pilar
name: Martín, Miguel Ángel
name: Moraleda, José María
name: Martínez-Pérez, Salvador
name: Esteban-Pérez, Jesús
name: Osta, Rosario
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Introduction:

Our group, in a previous study, found in muscle biopsies of the SOD1G93A mice that expression level of seventeen genes (Ankrd1, Calm1, Col19a1, Fbxo32, Gsr, Impa1, Mef2c, Mt2, Myf5, Myod1, Myog, Nnt, Nogo A, Pax7, Rrad, Sln and Snx10) is enhanced and correlates with disease evolution. Five of them could be considered as progression ALS biomarkers. These genes are: Mef2c, Gsr, Col19, Calm1 and Snx10.

The aim of our study is to determine if these conclusions could be translated to human ALS.

Results:
                 We have finished the study in 4 of the 5 genes: GSR, Snx10, Col19a1 and NOGO A.Our results of gene expression levels indicate that the slope in lineal regression changes significantly between our 2 groups in the cases of GSR and Col19a1.These results, together with our previous results in muscle biopsies from ALS patients, prompt us to develop a gene and protein expression biomarker algorithm using these genes.
title:  EFFECT OF ADMIXTURES ON RAPID HARDENING, SELF-CONSOLIDATING CONCRETE
Creators: name: Johnson, Haley
Publisher: name: University of Kentucky Libraries
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 2.1
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Self-consolidating, rapid-hardening concrete is a sought-after product in the market now, however the effects of admixtures on fresh and hardened concrete rheology are still uncertain. This study aims to create a self-consolidating concrete (SCC) using calcium sulfoaluminate (CSA) cement for its rapid-hardening properties, and tests two set time retarders and two viscosity-modifying admixtures (VMAs) to determine how they affect the properties of concrete. The properties studied in this thesis are workability, viscosity, set times, air content, compressive strength, and freeze-thaw resistance of self-consolidating concrete. It was found that tartaric acid creates a very workable SCC with consistent results regardless of VMA used while citric acid only works well with Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose (HPMC) as a VMA and kills viscosity modifying properties of Welan Gum (WG).
description: © 2024 Haley Johnson
HST/WFPC2 morphologies and bar structures of field galaxies at 0.4
Creators: name: Zheng, X. Z.
name: Hammer, F.
name: Flores, H.
name: Assemat, F.
name: Rawat, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To address how the galaxy Hubble sequence is established and what physical processes are involved, we studied morphological properties and internal structures of field galaxies in the past (0.4=10^11 L_sun). Here we presented morphological classification of a parallel 75 non-LIRG sample. Our examination revealed that a significant fraction of the galaxies shows remarkable morphological evolution, most likely related to the present-day spiral galaxies. Comparison of the morphological properties between LIRGs and non-LIRGs shows that the LIRGs contain a higher fraction of ongoing major mergers and systems with signs of merging/interaction. This suggests that the merging process is one of the major mechanisms to trigger star formation. We found that spiral LIRGs probably host much fewer bars than spiral non-LIRGs, suggesting that a bar is not efficient in triggering violent star formation. Differing from Abraham et al. (1999), no dramatic change of the bar frequency is detected up to redshift ~0.8. The bar frequency of the distant spirals is similar to (and may be higher than) the present-day spirals in the rest-frame $B$ band. We conclude that bar-driven secular evolution is not a major mechanism to drive morphological evolution of field galaxies, especially their bulge formation, which is more likely related to multiple intense star formation episodes during which the galaxies appear as LIRGs (Hammer et al. 2005).
description: 19 pages, 6 figures and 2 tables, A&A in press
Higher Spin Dark Matter
Creators: name: Alexander, Stephon
name: Jenks, Leah
name: McDonough, Evan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Little is known about dark matter beyond the fact that it does not interact with the standard model or itself, or else does so incredibly weakly. A natural candidate, given the history of no-go theorems against their interactions, are higher spin fields. Here we develop the scenario of higher spin (spin $s>2$) dark matter. We show that the gravitational production of superheavy bosonic higher spin fields during inflation can provide all the dark matter we observe today. We consider the observable signatures, and find a potential characteristic signature of bosonic higher spin dark matter in directional direct detection; we find that there are distinct spin-dependent contributions to the double differential recoil rate, which complement the oscillatory imprint of higher spin fields in the cosmic microwave background. We consider the extension to higher spin fermions and supersymmetric higher spins.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Quantum disorder and Griffiths singularities in bond-diluted two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Yu, Rong
name: Roscilde, Tommaso
name: Haas, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate quantum phase transitions in the spin-1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnet on square lattices with inhomogeneous bond dilution. It is shown that quantum fluctuations can be continuously tuned by inhomogeneous bond dilution, eventually leading to the destruction of long-range magnetic order on the percolating cluster. Two multicritical points are identified at which the magnetic transition separates from the percolation transition, introducing a novel quantum phase transition. Beyond these multicritical points a quantum-disordered phase appears, characterized by an infinite percolating cluster with short ranged antiferromagnetic order. In this phase, the low-temperature uniform susceptibility diverges algebraically with non-universal exponents. This is a signature that the novel quantum-disordered phase is a quantum Griffiths phase, as also directly confirmed by the statistical distribution of local gaps. This study thus presents evidence of a genuine quantum Griffiths phenomenon in a two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnet.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures; published version
title: Minor Waterfront Maintenance, Repair, and Replacement - Sector Alaska
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(2) Biological and Conference Opinion USCG Minor Waterfront Maintenance, Repair, and Replacement Projects
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Year: 2023

description: AKRO-2021-01864
Hidden anomalous Hall effect in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ with chiral superconductivity dominated by the Ru $d_{xy}$ orbital
Creators: name: Zhang, Jia-Long
name: Li, Yu
name: Huang, Wen
name: Zhang, Fu-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polar Kerr effect in superconducting Sr$_2$RuO$_4$ implies finite ac anomalous Hall conductivity. Since intrinsic anomalous Hall effect (AHE) is not expected for a chiral superconducting pairing developed on the single Ru $d_{xy}$ orbital, multiorbital chiral pairing actively involving the Ru $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals has been proposed as a potential mechanism. Here we propose that AHE could still arise even if the chiral superconductivity is predominantly driven by the $d_{xy}$ orbital. This is demonstrated through two separate models which take into account subdominant orbitals in the Cooper pairing, one involving the oxygen $p_x$ and $p_y$ orbitals in the RuO$_2$ plane, and another the $d_{xz}$ and $d_{yz}$ orbitals. In both models, finite orbital mixing between the dominant $d_{xy}$ and the other orbitals may induce inter-orbital pairing between them, and the resultant states support intrinsic AHE, with Kerr rotation angles that could potentially reconcile with the experimental observation. Our proposal therefore sheds new light on the microscopic pairing in Sr$_2$RuO$_4$. We also show that intrinsic Hall effect is generally absent for non-chiral states such as $\mathcal{S}+i\mathcal{D}$, $\mathcal{D}+i\mathcal{P}$ and $\mathcal{D}+i\mathcal{G}$, which provides a clear constraint on the symmetry of the superconducting order in this material.
description: 6 pages + supplementary. Revised abstract and parts of introductory section
title: Transfer Learning with Mixtures of Manifolds
Creators: name: Boucher, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: artificial intelligence and robotics

description: Advances in scientific instrumentation technology have increased the speed of data acquisition and the precision of sampling, creating an abundance of high-dimensional data sets. The ability to combine these disparate data sets and to transfer information between them is critical to accurate scientific analysis. Many modern-day instruments can record data at many thousands of channels, far greater than the actual degrees of freedom in the sample data. This makes manifold learning, a class of methods that exploit the observation that high-dimensional data tend to lie on lower-dimensional manifolds, especially well-suited to this transfer learning task.
title: Fire Suppression Actions on the Sawtooth National Forest
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson–Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for Fire Suppression Actions on the Sawtooth National Forest; Upper Salmon River Subbasin HUC 17060201; Custer and Blaine Counties, Idaho (One Project)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2024

description: WCRO-2023-01469
Supersingular O'Grady varieties of dimension six
Creators: name: Fu, Lie
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Zou, Haitao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J28, 14J42, 14G17, 14D22, 14M20, 14C15, 14C25,

description: O'Grady constructed a 6-dimensional irreducible holomorphic symplectic variety by taking a crepant resolution of some moduli space of stable sheaves on an abelian surface. In this paper, we naturally extend O'Grady's construction to fields of positive characteristic p greater than 2, called OG6 varieties. We show that a supersingular OG6 variety is unirational, its rational cohomology group is generated by algebraic classes, and its rational Chow motive is of Tate type. These results confirm in this case the generalized Artin--Shioda conjecture, the supersingular Tate conjecture and the supersingular Bloch conjecture proposed in our previous work, in analogy with the theory of supersingular K3 surfaces.
description: Final version. To appear in I.M.R.N
Helmet Streamers with Triple Structures: Simulations of resistive dynamics
Creators: name: Wiegelmann, T.
name: Schindler, K.
name: Neukirch, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of the solar corona with the LASCO coronagraph on board of the SOHO spacecraft have revealed the occurrence of triple helmet streamers even during solar minimum, which occasionally go unstable and give rise to large coronal mass ejections. There are also indications that the slow solar wind is either a combination of a quasi-stationary flow and a highly fluctuating component or may even be caused completely by many small eruptions or instabilities. As a first step we recently presented an analytical method to calculate simple two-dimensional stationary models of triple helmet streamer configurations. In the present contribution we use the equations of time- dependent resistive magnetohydrodynamics to investigate the stability and the dynamical behaviour of these configurations. We particularly focus on the possible differences between the dynamics of single isolated streamers and triple streamers and on the way in which magnetic reconnection initiates both small scale and large scale dynamical behaviour of the streamers. Our results indicate that small eruptions at the helmet streamer cusp may incessantly accelerate small amounts of plasma without significant changes of the equilibrium configuration and might thus contribute to the non-stationary slow solar wind. On larger time and length scales, large coronal eruptions can occur as a consequence of large scale magnetic reconnection events inside the streamer configuration. Our results also show that triple streamers are usually more stable than a single streamer.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
title: Auke Bay East Terminal Improvements Project
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act (ESA) Section 7(a)(2) Biological and Conference Opinion Auke Bay East Terminal Improvements Project Juneau, Alaska
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Alaska Regional Office
Year: 2023

description: AKRO-2022-02777
Random Cluster Models on the Triangular Lattice
Creators: name: Chayes, L.
name: Lei, H. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study percolation and the random cluster model on the triangular lattice with 3-body interactions. Starting with percolation, we generalize the star--triangle transformation: We introduce a new parameter (the 3-body term) and identify configurations on the triangles solely by their connectivity. In this new setup, necessary and sufficient conditions are found for positive correlations and this is used to establish regions of percolation and non-percolation. Next we apply this set of ideas to the $q>1$ random cluster model: We derive duality relations for the suitable random cluster measures, prove necessary and sufficient conditions for them to have positive correlations, and finally prove some rigorous theorems concerning phase transitions.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
Contagion dynamics on adaptive multiplex networks with awareness-dependent rewiring
Creators: name: Peng, Xiao-Long
name: Zhang, Yi-Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article we develop a highly integrated effective degree approach to modeling epidemic and awareness spreading processes on multiplex networks coupled with awareness-dependent adaptive rewiring. This approach keeps track of the number of nearest neighbors in each state of an individual; consequently, it allows for the integration of changes in local contacts into the multiplex network model. We derive a formula for the threshold condition of contagion outbreak; also, we provide a lower bound for the threshold parameter to indicate the effect of adaptive rewiring. The threshold analysis is confirmed by extensive simulations. Our results show that awareness-dependent link rewiring plays an important role in enhancing the transmission threshold as well as lowering the epidemic prevalence. Moreover, it is revealed that intensified awareness diffusion in conjunction with enhanced link rewiring makes a greater contribution to disease prevention and control. In addition, the critical phenomenon is observed in the dependence of the epidemic threshold on the awareness diffusion rate, supporting the metacritical point previously reported in the literature. This work might shed light on the understanding of the interplay between epidemic dynamics and social contagion on adaptive networks.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
title: Outfall Repair (NWS-2021-1054-WRD, Seattle Public Utilities)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for Seattle Public Utilities’ Fairview Stormwater Outfall Repair Project, King County, Washington (USACE No. NWS-2021-1054-WRD, HUC: 171100120400 – Lake Union)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2023

description: WCRO-2022-00026