cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Differing Trends in the Tropical Surface Temperatures and Precipitation over Land and Oceans
Creators: name: Kumar, Arun
name: Yang, Fanglin
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Schubert, Siegfried
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Precipitation (Meteorology)
Ocean temperature
Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Atmosphere

description: In the past 50 years, sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the tropical latitudes have trended toward a warmer ocean state. As a response, tropical land surface temperatures, as well as tropical tropospheric temperatures (as manifested in the variations in the 200-mb tropical heights), have also trended upward. Analysis of trends in the tropical precipitation fields, however, remains problematic because of the scarcity of the observed data over the tropical oceans. Using both observed data and data from atmospheric general circulation model simulations, trends in tropical precipitation over the ocean and land are analyzed. The analysis reveals that in the tropical latitudes over land, the precipitation trend differs from the trend in the surface temperature. Oceanic precipitation has an increasing trend that is consistent with increasing SSTs, whereas over the tropical land regions precipitation decreases. In contrast, land temperatures increase in phase with the trend in SSTs. It is suggested that the combination of increasing surface temperature and decreasing precipitation could produce considerably greater societal consequences compared with the traditionally argued scenario in which both temperature and precipitation increase in response to increasing SSTs.
title: Aerodynamically Augmented Air-Hockey Pucks
Creators: name: Prasad, Madhukar
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: Air hockey is an interesting fast-paced arcade game which involves levitating a puck at a very small height from above the table allowing it to traverse seamlessly on a cushion of air and participants on either side of the table striking the puck with a handheld paddle. Over a period of time, the game becomes predictable and less challenging for a player with significant experience. Primary goal of this research is to make the game more exciting and we do this by naturally generating lateral and rotational aerodynamic forces on the puck by adding patterns and features on the bottom surface of the puck. This creates an asymmetry in the flow and generates pressure gradients along the pattern walls and a net unbalanced force is exerted on the puck throughout the game as long as air keeps flowing through the table. In this work, we provide a comprehensive study of numerical and experimental results for design-based optimizations that produce lateral and rotational motion with insights obtained from prior work.
title: Selecting projection views based on error equidistribution for computed tomography
Creators: name: Zhang, Yinghui
name: Zhao, Xing
name: Chen, Ke
name: Li, Hongwei
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2025

description: Background Nonuniform sampling is a useful technique to optimize the acquisition of projections with a limited budget. Existing methods for selecting important projection views have limitations, such as relying on blueprint images or excessive computing resources. Methods We aim to develop a simple nonuniform sampling method for selecting informative projection views suitable for practical CT applications. The proposed algorithm is inspired by two key observations: projection errors contain angle-specific information, and adding views around error peaks effectively reduces errors and improves reconstruction. Given a budget and an initial view set, the proposed method involves: estimating projection errors based on current set of projection views, adding more projection views based on error equidistribution to smooth out errors, and final image reconstruction based on the new set of projection views. This process can be recursive, and the initial view can be obtained uniformly or from a prior for greater efficiency. Results Comparison with popular view selection algorithms using simulated and real data demonstrates consistently superior performance in identifying optimal views and generating high-quality reconstructions. Notably, the new algorithm performs well in both PSNR and SSIM metrics while being computationally efficient, enhancing its practicality for CT optimization. Conclusions A projection view selection algorithm based on error equidistribution is proposed, offering superior reconstruction quality and efficiency over existing methods. It is ready for real CT applications to optimize dose utilization.
Mechanism-based traps enable protease and hydrolase substrate discovery.
Creators: name: Tang, Shan
name: Beattie, Adam T
name: Kafkova, Lucie
name: Petris, Gianluca
name: Huguenin-Dezot, Nicolas
name: Fiedler, Marc
name: Freeman, Matthew
name: Chin, Jason
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/631/92/96
/631/92/607
/82/1
/82/58
/82/80
/82/83
/13/31
/13/106
/13/109
/45/70
article

description: Hydrolase enzymes, including proteases, are encoded by 2-3% of the genes in the human genome and 14% of these enzymes are active drug targets1. However, the activities and substrate specificities of many proteases-especially those embedded in membranes-and other hydrolases remain unknown. Here we report a strategy for creating mechanism-based, light-activated protease and hydrolase substrate traps in complex mixtures and live mammalian cells. The traps capture substrates of hydrolases, which normally use a serine or cysteine nucleophile. Replacing the catalytic nucleophile with genetically encoded 2,3-diaminopropionic acid allows the first step reaction to form an acyl-enzyme intermediate in which a substrate fragment is covalently linked to the enzyme through a stable amide bond2; this enables stringent purification and identification of substrates. We identify new substrates for proteases, including an intramembrane mammalian rhomboid protease RHBDL4 (refs. 3,4). We demonstrate that RHBDL4 can shed luminal fragments of endoplasmic reticulum-resident type I transmembrane proteins to the extracellular space, as well as promoting non-canonical secretion of endogenous soluble endoplasmic reticulum-resident chaperones. We also discover that the putative serine hydrolase retinoblastoma binding protein 9 (ref. 5) is an aminopeptidase with a preference for removing aromatic amino acids in human cells. Our results exemplify a powerful paradigm for identifying the substrates and activities of hydrolase enzymes.
Three Putative Types of El Niño Revealed by Spatial Variability in Impact on Australian Wheat Yield
Creators: name: Potgieter, A. B.
name: Hammer, G. L.
name: Meinke, H.
name: Stone, R. C.
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Ocean-atmosphere interaction
Wheat--Yields
Southern oscillation
Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: The El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon significantly impacts rainfall and ensuing crop yields in many parts of the world. In Australia, El Niño events are often associated with severe drought conditions. However, El Niño events differ spatially and temporally in their manifestations and impacts, reducing the relevance of ENSO-based seasonal forecasts. In this analysis, three putative types of El Niño are identified among the 24 occurrences since the beginning of the twentieth century. The three types are based on coherent spatial patterns (“footprints”) found in the El Niño impact on Australian wheat yield. This bioindicator reveals aligned spatial patterns in rainfall anomalies, indicating linkage to atmospheric drivers. Analysis of the associated ocean–atmosphere dynamics identifies three types of El Niño differing in the timing of onset and location of major ocean temperature and atmospheric pressure anomalies. Potential causal mechanisms associated with these differences in anomaly patterns need to be investigated further using the increasing capabilities of general circulation models. Any improved predictability would be extremely valuable in forecasting effects of individual El Niño events on agricultural systems.
Ursidae Fischer de Waldheim 1817
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Ursidae

description: Family Ursidae REVIEWED BY: B. McGillivray (BM); P. Roben (PR); O. L. Rossolimo (OLR)(U.S. S.R.); S. Wang (SW)(China). COMMENT: Ailuropodidae (Ailurus and Ailuropoda) was considered a separate family by Corbet and Hill, 1980:95; but see Chorn and Hoffmann, 1978, Mamm. Species, 110:1- 6, who included Ailuropoda in the Ursidae. Thenius, 1979, Z. Saugetierk., 44:286-305, placed Ailuropoda in the monotypic family Ailuropodidae, and Ailurus in the subfamily Ailurinae of family Procyonidae. Reviewed by Stains, 1967, in Anderson and Jones, p. 329-331; revised by Hendey, 1980, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 81: 1 -109. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412002000000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 250, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Corbet, G. B., and J. E. Hill. 1980. A world list of mammalian species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 226 pp.", "Chorn, J., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1978. Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Mammalian Species, 110: 1 - 6.", "Thenius, E. 1979. Zur systematischen und phylogenetischen Stellung des Bambusbaren: Ailuropoda melanoleuca David (Carnivora, Mammalia). Zeitschrift fur Saugetierkunde, 44 (5): 286 - 305.", "Stains, H. J. 1967. Carnivores, Pp. 325 - 354, in Orders and families of Recent mammals of the world (S. Anderson and J. K. Jones, Jr., eds.). John Wiley and Sons, New York, 453 pp."]}
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1968-04)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
Probabilistic Multimodel Regional Temperature Change Projections
Creators: name: Greene, Arthur M.
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Lall, Upmanu
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Ocean-atmosphere interaction--Models
Global temperature changes
Climatic changes--Forecasting
Atmosphere
Climatic changes

description: Regional temperature change projections for the twenty-first century are generated using a multimodel ensemble of atmosphere–ocean general circulation models. The models are assigned coefficients jointly, using a Bayesian linear model fitted to regional observations and simulations of the climate of the twentieth century. Probability models with varying degrees of complexity are explored, and a selection is made based on Bayesian deviance statistics, coefficient properties, and a classical cross-validation measure utilizing temporally averaged data. The model selected is shown to be superior in predictive skill to a naïve model consisting of the unweighted mean of the underlying atmosphere–ocean GCM (AOGCM) simulations, although the skill differential varies regionally. Temperature projections for the A2 and B1 scenarios from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios are presented.
Single Plasmon Switching with n Quantum Dots System Coupled to One-Dimentional Waveguide
Creators: name: Kim, Nam-Chol
name: Ko, Myong-Chol
name: Im, Song-Jin
name: Wang, Qu-Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Switching of a single plasmon interacting with equally spaced quantum dots coupled to one-dimensional surface plasmonic waveguide is investigated theoretically via the real-space approach. We showed that the transmission and reflection of a single plasmon can be switched on or off by dynamically tuning and changing the number of the equal transition frequencies of the quantum dots.
Diagnosis of Anomalous Winter Temperatures over the Eastern United States during the 2002/03 El Niño
Creators: name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: Kumar, Arun
name: Hoerling, Martin P.
name: Barnston, Anthony G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Long-range weather forecasts
North Atlantic oscillation
Atmosphere

description: The eastern United States experienced an unusually cold winter season during the 2002/03 El Niño event. The U.S. seasonal forecasts did not suggest an enhanced likelihood for below-normal temperatures over the eastern United States in that season. A postmortem analysis examining the observed temperatures and the associated forecast is motivated by two fundamental questions: what are these temperature anomalies attributable to, and to what extent were these temperature anomalies predictable? The results suggest that the extreme seasonal temperatures experienced in the eastern United States during December–February (DJF) 2002/03 can be attributed to a combination of several constructively interfering factors that include El Niño conditions in the tropical Pacific, a persistent positive Pacific–North American (PNA) mode, a persistent negative North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) mode, and persistent snow cover over the northeastern United States. According to the simulations and predictions from several dynamical atmospheric models, which were not rigorously included in the U.S. forecast, much of the observed temperature pattern was potentially predictable.
Depression and Coronary Heart Disease
Creators: name: Davidson, Karina W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Depression, Mental
Coronary heart disease--Risk factors
Mental health

description: There are exciting findings in the field of depression and coronary heart disease. Whether diagnosed or simply self-reported, depression continues to mark very high risk for a recurrent acute coronary syndrome or for death in patients with coronary heart disease. Many intriguing mechanisms have been posited to be implicated in the association between depression and heart disease, and randomized controlled trials of depression treatment are beginning to delineate the types of depression management strategies that may benefit the many coronary heart disease patients with depression.
Cooperación transfronteriza entre centros tecnológicos como instrumento de apoyo a la internacionalización de las pymes andaluzas en Marruecos: Proyecto "ReTCETEC"
Creators: name: Ruiz Coupeau, Stephane
name: Villanueva González, David
name: Rodríguez Díaz, Roberto
name: Trujillo López, Cristina
name: Villén Medina, Nuria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: cooperación tecnológica internacional, cooperación transfronteriza, centros tecnológicos

description: El objeto de este trabajo consiste en difundir los resultados de la evaluación de la modelización de los procesos de cooperación tecnológica transfronteriza elaborada en el marco del proyecto de cooperación territorial europea RETCETEC como acción de comunicación de los resultados de los proyectos de la iniciativa RETSE de la Agencia IDEA. Los resultados evidencian que el modelo de proceso ideado ha alcanzado sus objetivos en tanto que fruto de la aplicación del mismo se han suscrito 7 convenios de colaboración entre centros tecnológicos andaluces y entidades marroquíes homólogas. No obstante, existe un contraste entre la eficacia del modelo y su operatoria concluyéndose que el modelo necesita mejorar su operatoria.
description: El proyecto ReTCETEC se desarrolla entre los años 2012 y 2014 en el marco de la segunda convocatoria del Programa Operativo de Cooperación Transfronteriza España-Fronteras Exteriores (POCTEFEX) y está cofinanciado en un 75% por el Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER).
title: Engineering and Evaluation of Reconstituted HDL Nanoparticles to Target Tumor-Associated Macrophages.
Creators: name: Menon, Aishwarya
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: Conventional cancer therapies such as chemotherapy and radiation often lead to severe side effects since they are unable to specifically target the tumor. Additionally, they do not guarantee the prevention of metastasis or recurrence. Recent developments on small-molecule inhibitors, such as kinase inhibitors that target cellular pathways characteristically upregulated in cancer cells, show promise. However, significant challenges such as tolerance and mutations causing drug resistance need to be overcome. Immunotherapy, wherein the host's immune system is leveraged to recognize and target cancer cells, is a better alternative that shows reduced toxicity. Macrophages are an attractive target for immunotherapy seeing as they constitute 50% of the infiltrating leukocytes in the tumor microenvironment. Their plastic nature allows them to be modulated from pro-tumor to anti-tumor phenotype. Although, it does not work for everyone, necessitating a need to monitor response to medication at earlier time points.
In this thesis, I have designed an HDL mimicking nanoparticle system to target tumor associated M2 macrophages through the SRB1 receptor. The nanoparticle was optimized for better stability, better loading of the targeting peptide, and the drug as well. It was used to deliver a CSF1R inhibitor drug to successfully repolarize pro-tumor M2 macrophages to anti-tumor M1 phenotype. In addition to that, it was also used to deliver an Arginase-responsive probe that only fluoresces when engulfed by arginase-producing M2 macrophages, differentiating them from arginase non-producing M1 phenotype. Through this study, the SRB1 receptor was successfully targeted to effectively deliver small molecules. This can be used to target and modulate tumor-associated macrophages.
Gauge inflation by kinetic coupled gravity
Creators: name: Darabi, F.
name: Parsiya, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a new class of inflationary models, so called \emph{gauge-flation} or non-Abelian gauge field inflation has been introduced where the slow-roll inflation is driven by a non-Abelian gauge field $\textbf{A}$ with the field strength $\textbf{F}$. This class of models are based on a gauge field theory having $\textbf{F}^2$ and $\textbf{F}^4$ terms with a non-Abelian gauge group minimally coupled to gravity. Here, we present a new class of such inflationary models based on a gauge field theory having only $\textbf{F}^2$ term with non-Abelian gauge fields non-minimally coupled to gravity. The non-minimal coupling is set up by introducing the Einstein tensor besides the metric tensor within the $\textbf{F}^2$ term, which is called kinetic coupled gravity. A perturbation analysis is performed to confront the inflation under consideration with Planck and BICEP2 results.
description: 12 pages
Multiple Domain Secure Routing for Wireless Sensor Networks
Creators: name: T, Lata B
name: R, Jansi P K
name: K, Shaila
name: Sujatha, D N
name: R, Venugopal K
name: Patnaik, L M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Secure Transmission of data packets in Wireless Sensor Networks is an important area of Research. There is a possibility of an attacker creating security holes in the network. Hence, network security and reliability can be achieved by discovering random multiple paths using multiple domains, and forwarding data packets from the source node to the destination node. We have designed, Multiple Domain Routing with Overlap of Nodes (MDRON) and Multiple Domain Routing Without Overlap of Nodes (MDRWON) algorithms, in which packets follow multiple optimized paths simultaneously. The Special node algorithm searches the node which has maximum power and these nodes are used for transferring the packet from one domain to another domain. Simulation results using MATLAB shows that performance is better than Purely Random Propagation (PRP) and Non Repetitive Random Propagation(NRRP) Algorithms.
description: 10 pages
title: Development of a Predictive Model for Frailty Utilizing Electronic Health Records
Creators: name: Poronsky, Kye
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: Frailty is a multifaceted, geriatric syndrome that is associated with age-related declines in functional reserves resulting in increased risks of in-hospital death, readmissions  and discharge to nursing homes. The risks associated with frailty highlights the need for providers to be able to quickly, and accurately, assess someone’s frailty level.  Previous studies have shown that bedside clinician assessment is not a reliable or valid way to determine frailty, meaning that a more reliable, valid and concise method is needed. We developed a prediction model using discharge ICD-9/ICD-10 diagnostic codes and other demographic variables to predict Reported Edmonton Frail Scale scores. Participants were from the Baystate Frailty Study, a prospective cohort design study among elderly patients greater than 65 years old who were admitted to a single academic medical center between 2014 and 2016. Three different predictive models were completed utilizing the LASSO approach. The adjusted r-square increased across the three models indicating an increase in the predictive ability of the models. In this study of 762 hospitalized patients over the age of 65 years old, we found that a frailty prediction model that included ICD codes only had a poor prediction ability (adjusted r-square=0.10). The prediction ability improved 2-fold after adding demographic information, a comorbidity score and interaction terms (adjusted r-square=0.26). This study provided additional insights into the development of an automatic frailty assessment, something which is currently missing from clinical care.
A cross-lagged twin study of emotional symptoms and peer victimisation from adolescence to young adulthood
Creators: name: Morneau-Vaillancourt, Geneviève
name: Thompson, Ellen
name: Palaiologou, Elisavet
name: Assary, Elham
name: Eley, Thalia C
name: Lockhart, Celestine
name: Oginni, Olakunle
name: Arseneault, Louise
name: Krebs, Georgina
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Life Sciences
subject: Genetics and Genomics

description: Emotional symptoms are commonly experienced in adolescence. One developmental pathway leading to emotional symptoms may be through experiencing peer victimisation. As peer victimisation is both a precursor and an outcome of emotional symptoms, a negative feedback loop between emotional symptoms and victimisation may lead to the persistence and escalation of emotional symptoms over time. Further, other types of peer problems, such as social isolation and low peer acceptance, may play a mediating role in this negative cycle. Twin findings indicate that both genetic and environmental factors account for the links between emotional symptoms and peer difficulties. Thus, genetic factors may shape emotional symptoms, which in turn may increase the likelihood of experiencing both peer victimisation and peer problems. In turn, peer victimisation and peer problems may predict emotional symptoms through non-shared environmental pathways. However, a few questions remain unanswered; 1) the bidirectional associations between emotional symptoms and peer difficulties across adolescence, 2) the extent to which a gene-environment correlation contributes to these links, and 3) the extent to which peer victimisation and peer problems predict emotional symptoms through non-shared environmental pathways remain unclear. Therefore, the present study aims to examine 1) the reciprocal associations between emotional symptoms and peer victimisation across adolescence and early adulthood (between ages 12 and 21 years), 2) the extent to which peer problems mediate these reciprocal associations, and 3) the genetic and environmental contributions to these reciprocal associations. We will use data from ~8,000 to ~10,000 participants of the Twins Early Development Study (TEDS) on emotional symptoms, peer victimisation and peer problems, each assessed at ages 12, 16 and 21 years. We will examine the bidirectional associations between emotional symptoms, peer victimisation and peer problems over time using a cross-lagged panel model. We will then investigate the genetic and environmental contributions to these cross-lagged paths using twin modeling. Findings from this study will contribute to better understand why some adolescents suffer from persistent emotional symptoms. Results will provide important information on how genetic factors and peer difficulties act together and how environmental exposure to peer difficulties create risk over time. Identifying these factors and the period at which they pose the highest risk will contribute to improve prevention and identification of window periods for intervention.
title: Applications of Thermal Energy Storage with Electrified Heating and Cooling
Creators: name: Ryan, Erich
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: With a clear correlation between climate change and rising CO2 emissions, decarbonization has garnered serious interest in many sectors to limit the adverse effects of global warming. Heating and cooling systems have been a focus of decarbonization efforts, with heat pumps becoming more popular in the United States and abroad. In fact, heating, ventilation, and air conditioning accounts for nearly 27% of total energy use in the United States [1]. Ground source heat pumps (GSHP) utilizing borehole heat exchangers (BHE) have been shown to be an effective method of electrifying heating and cooling systems, maintaining some of the best performance for any electrified heating and cooling system currently available. Electrification, however, does come with some significant challenges. One of particular importance is the significant increase in peak demand during the heating season, which can result in a serious cost increase for the operator of the electric heating system, as well as adding operational complexities to grid operations by shifting from a summer peak to a winter peak as more heating loads are electrified.
Thermal energy storage (TES) has been shown to be effective in mitigating the increase in peak demand that is seen with electrified heating and cooling systems. By storing thermal energy during off-peak hours, demand can be effectively shifted away from the peak hours. In this study, we investigate the potential of a ground source heat pump coupled with a TES system, in the form of water storage tanks, for the University of Massachusetts, as a way of decarbonizing the institution’s HVAC system while minimizing operating and installed costs.
Band gap engineering in graphene and hexagonal BN antidot lattices: A first principles study
Creators: name: Zhang, Aihua
name: Teoh, Hao Fatt
name: Dai, Zhenxiang
name: Feng, Yuan Ping
name: Zhang, Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of antidot lattices on electronic structures of graphene and hexagonal BN (h-BN) are investigated using the first principles method based on density functional theory. For graphene, we find that when the antidot lattice is along the zigzag direction, the band gap opening can be related to the inter-valley scattering, and does not follow the simple scaling rule previously proposed in literature for the antidot lattice along the armchair direction. For h-BN, our calculations show that the antidot lattice results in reducing of band gaps. Coupled with doping of carbon atoms, the band gap of an h-BN antidot lattice can be reduced to below 2 eV, which might have implications in light-emitting devices or photoelectrochemistry.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Ailuropoda Milne-Edwards 1870
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Carnivora
Ursidae
Ailuropoda

description: Ailuropoda Milne-Edwards, 1870. Ann. Sci. Nat. Zool., ser. 5, 13(10):l. COMMENT: Chorn and Hoffmann, 1978, Mamm. Species, 110:1-6; and Hendey, 1980, Ann. S. Afr. Mus., 81: 1 -109, discussed reasons for placing Ailuropoda in Ursidae. ISIS NUMBER: 5301412002001000000.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Carnivora, pp. 244-289 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 250, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7352980
description: {"references": ["Chorn, J., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1978. Ailuropoda melanoleuca. Mammalian Species, 110: 1 - 6."]}
De start -up a scale -up: un análisis de necesidades y barreras
Creators: name: Ruiz Coupeau, Stephane
name: Villén Medina, Nuria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: scale-ups, escalado empresarial, barreras, necesidades

description: El objetivo de este trabajo consiste en difundir, entre la comunidad académica y profesional, las actividades realizadas en Andalucía en el marco de la iniciativa europea CESEAND SCALE-UP así como analizar las necesidades y barreras de jóvenes empresas que aspiran a escalar sus actividades de negocio en el Mercado Único. Durante el programa, se han organizado dos talleres con las partes interesadas (stakeholders) del ecosistema de apoyo a este tipo de empresas aplicando la metodología world café y se han entrevistado a las empresas beneficiarias mediante un cuestionario con preguntas cerradas y abiertas. Las principales barreras/necesidades observadas han sido: dificultades en la gestión y retención del talento; estrategia financiera poco definida y recursos financieros insuficientes; modelos de negocio poco escalables e insuficiente definición de la estrategia comercial.
description: El trabajo ha sido cofinanciado por la Comisión Europea a través de su agencia para la pyme (EASME) en el marco de los proyectos CESEAND PLUS 2017-2018 y CESEAND SCALE-UP.
Predictive Skill of AGCM Seasonal Climate Forecasts Subject to Different SST Prediction Methodologies
Creators: name: Li, Shuhua
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
name: DeWitt, David G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Ocean-atmosphere interaction--Forecasting
Atmospheric circulation--Models
Long-range weather forecasting
Atmosphere

description: This study examines skill of retrospective forecasts using the ECHAM4.5 atmospheric general circulation model (AGCM) forced with predicted sea surface temperatures (SSTs) from methods of varying complexity. The SST fields are predicted in three ways: persisted observed SST anomalies, empirically predicted SSTs, and predicted SSTs from a dynamically coupled ocean–atmosphere model. Investigation of relative skill of the three sets of retrospective forecasts focuses on the ensemble mean, which constitutes the portion of the model response attributable to the prescribed boundary conditions. The anomaly correlation skill analyses for precipitation and 2-m air temperature indicate that dynamically predicted SSTs generally improve upon persisted and empirically predicted SSTs when they are used as boundary forcing in the AGCM predictions. This is particularly the case for precipitation forecasts. The skill differences in these experiments are ascribed to the skill of SST predictions in the tropical ocean basins. The multiscenario forecast by averaging the three retrospective experiments performs, overall, as well as or better than the best of the three individual experiments in specific seasons and regions. The advantage of multiscenario forecast manifests both in the deterministic and probabilistic skill. In particular, the multiscenario precipitation forecast for the December–February season demonstrates better skill than the best of the three scenarios over several regions, such as the western United States and southeastern South America. These results suggest the potential value in producing superensembles spanning different SST prediction scenarios.
British Columbia Legislative Assembly sessional clipping book (1969-01)
Creators: name: :Unav
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Politics and government
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1919741
subject: British Columbia. Legislative Assembly
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/600765
subject: Law
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/993678
subject: FOS: Law

description: These Sessional Clippings books cover the period 1891 to 1972, and include newspaper accounts written by various legislative reporters who covered debates occurring in the British Columbia Legislative Assembly. Transcripts of debates of the Legislative Assembly (Hansard) were not published in B.C. until 1970; hence these "Sessional Clipping Books" augment the "Journals", the record of daily proceedings of the Legislative Assembly. Selected clippings from various newspapers including the Vancouver Sun, the Vancouver Province, the Colonist, and the Times newspapers, relating to the newspaper reports concerning activities of the Legislature. The original sessional clippings books comprise 351 ledger size print volumes, held at the Legislative Library in Victoria BC. The print volumes were microfilmed onto 26 reels in 1977 under a Tri University Libraries (TRIUL) project by Precision Micrographic Services (Vancouver, B.C.), with the permission of the Legislative Library, Victoria, British Columbia. This digital collection was created by scanning the 26 microfilm reels.
title: Explicit Norms Promotes Costly Fairness in Children
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Gorana
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: Children have an early-emerging expectation that resources should be divided fairly amongst agents, yet their behavior does not begin to align with these expectations until later in development. This dissociation between knowledge and behavior raises important questions about the mechanisms that encourage children to behave how they know they should behave. Here I tested whether explicitly invoking fairness norms encourages costly fair decisions in 4- to 9-year-old-children. I examine children’s responses to unequal resource allocations in the Inequity Game by varying the direction of inequity (advantageous versus disadvantageous inequity) and normative information (to be fair or to act autonomously). The results show children are more likely to reject advantageous allocation in the Fairness norm condition than in the Autonomous norm condition, but I did not see this difference when children are presented with disadvantageous allocations. This study showcases children’s costly fairness norm enforcement as a flexible process, one that can be brought in and out of alignment with their knowledge of fairness by shining a spotlight on how one ought to behave.
title: A Relational Investigation of Political Polarization on Twitter
Creators: name: Walton, Tyler
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: Over the last several decades there has been a debate among social scientists on whether the United States has become, or is in the process of being, politically polarized. These conversations started with discussion of the “culture wars,” moved to the discussion of selective exposure and media outrage, and currently involve concerns about online radicalization and the spread of online misinformation. Throughout these themes one characteristic has remained constant: a lack of systematic evidence despite anecdotes and feelings of animosity between the two parties. Today researchers are beginning to shift from operationalizing political polarization as growing divides in attitudes towards policy issues towards a focus on political animosity. Scholars attempting to understand the origins of affective polarization have looked at the effect of political identity, out-group perceptions, and the diffusion of moral and emotional content in social media networks. In the current study I build on this literature using a panel of longitudinal data Twitter users to examine whether there is an association between following prominent partisan Twitter accounts and the expression of emotional valence through Tweeting or Retweeting. I take a relational approach to analysis by examining how this relationship varies between networks of Twitter users and under different historical circumstances. I argue that this relational approach is necessary for understanding how political polarization is unfolding in the country and that the lack of a relational approach may explain why political polarization has been downplayed in systematic studies. This study finds that the amount of political polarization on Twitter is dependent both on cultural and historical context. It makes contributions to the literature on political polarization in the United States, research methodology, and has implications for reducing radicalization in online spaces.
El Niño–Induced Tropical Droughts in Climate Change Projections
Creators: name: Coelho, Caio A. S.
name: Goddard, Lisa M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Southern oscillation
Droughts
Climatic changes
Atmosphere

description: El Niño brings widespread drought (i.e., precipitation deficit) to the tropics. Stronger or more frequent El Niño events in the future and/or their intersection with local changes in the mean climate toward a future with reduced precipitation would exacerbate drought risk in highly vulnerable tropical areas. Projected changes in El Niño characteristics and associated teleconnections are investigated between the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. For climate change models that reproduce realistic oceanic variability of the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO) phenomenon, results suggest no robust changes in the strength or frequency of El Niño events. These models exhibit realistic patterns, magnitude, and spatial extent of El Niño–induced drought patterns in the twentieth century, and the teleconnections are not projected to change in the twenty-first century, although a possible slight reduction in the spatial extent of droughts is indicated over the tropics as a whole. All model groups investigated show similar changes in mean precipitation for the end of the twenty-first century, with increased precipitation projected between 10°S and 10°N, independent of the ability of the models to replicate ENSO variability. These results suggest separability between climate change and ENSO-like climate variability in the tropics. As El Niño–induced precipitation drought patterns are not projected to change, the observed twentieth-century variability is used in combination with model-projected changes in mean precipitation for assessing year-to-year drought risk in the twenty-first century. Results suggest more locally consistent changes in regional drought risk among models with good fidelity in reproducing ENSO variability.
Thermodynamic perturbation theory for self assembling mixtures of multi - patch colloids and colloids with spherically symmetric attractions
Creators: name: Marshall, B. D.
name: Chapman, W. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we extend our previous theory [B. D. Marshall and W.G. Chapman, J. Chem. Phys. 139, 104904 (2013)] for mixtures of single patch colloids (p colloids) and colloids with spherically symmetric attractions (s colloids) to the case that the p colloids can have multiple patches. The theory is then applied to the case of a binary mixture of bi-functional p colloids which have an A and B type patch and s colloids which are not attracted to other s colloids and are attracted to only patch A on the p colloids. This mixture reversibly self assembles into both colloidal star molecules, where the s colloid is the articulation segment and the p colloids form the arms, and free chains composed of only p colloids. It is shown that temperature, density, composition and relative attractive strengths can all be varied to manipulate the number of arms per colloidal star molecule, average arm length and the fraction of chains (free chains + arms) which are star arms.
title: Francisco de Faro Noronha
Creators: name: Barata, João de Almeida
Publisher: name: CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa
Year: 2024

description: Entrada biográfica sobre Francisco de Faro Noronha, na plataforma eViterbo
description: Barata, João de Almeira. 2024. Francisco de Faro Noronha in eViterbo. CHAM, Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, Universidade Nova de Lisboa. eISBN: 978-989-8492-77-7
title: Analysis of Inorganic Arsenic In Food Using X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lin, Helen
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: 
Arsenic contamination in drinking water and foods is a prevalent concern across the world. Routine testing of inorganic arsenic ensures food safety but requires a cost effective, rapid high throughput, and simple detection method. The objective of this work is to develop a green method using X-Ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) to analyze inorganic arsenic (iAs) in food and their interaction with emerging food contaminants: microplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles. XRF measures the secondary X-ray that is characteristic of each element emitted by the sample.  


In a prior study, we developed an approach that combines the Gutzeit method and elemental analysis using XRF for arsenic detection in food. This approach is based on a commercial mercury bromide strip to capture arsine gas. Concerning the high toxicity of mercury bromide, we explored the feasibility of using a greener chemical, silver nitrate, to replace mercury bromide. This would benefit the safety of the operating personnel and reduce chemical hazard impact on the environment. In addition, organic acids and zinc nanoparticles were explored for iAs detection. Optimization of various reagents was done to maximize the efficacy of iAs capture and detection. The result demonstrated the greener method has a lower quantification (3.40 µg/L) compared to the original method based on mercury bromide (16.2 µg/L) due to less elemental interferences in the XRF spectrum. The standard curves of water and apple juice were compared, no significant difference was found, suggesting matrix interference is minimal. The spiked apple juice with 0 to 133 µg/L iAs had a good recovery ranging from 85-99% with an average relative standard deviation below 20%, indicating decent reproducibility.  


Other than iAs detection, we also explored the XRF to study the iAs and their interaction between microplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, which are considered emerging contaminants of public concerns that may serve as vectors for pollutants and potentially enhances toxicity effects. We developed a screening method to quantify the adsorption under different conditions. The result showed iAs adsorption is highly dependent of particle size and surface morphology. In conclusion, this study demonstrates the feasibility and great potential of XRF quantification of inorganic arsenic in food matrices in a cost-effective and reliable manner and the capability of rapidly quantifying the interaction with emerging contaminants such as microplastics and titanium dioxide nanoparticles.
Exceeding the solar cell Shockley-Queisser limit via thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons
Creators: name: Boriskina, Svetlana V.
name: Chen, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Maximum efficiency of ideal single-junction photovoltaic (PV) cells is limited to 33% (for one sun illumination) by intrinsic losses such as band edge thermalization, radiative recombination, and inability to absorb below-bandgap photons. This intrinsic thermodynamic limit, named after Shockley and Queisser (S-Q), can be exceeded by utilizing low-energy photons either via their electronic up-conversion or via thermophotovoltaic (TPV) conversion process. However, electronic up-conversion systems have extremely low efficiencies, and practical temperature considerations limit the operation of TPV converters to the narrow-gap PV cells. Here we develop a conceptual design of a hybrid TPV platform, which exploits thermal up-conversion of low-energy photons and is compatible with conventional silicon PV cells by using spectral and directional selectivity of the up-converter. The hybrid platform offers sunlight-to-electricity conversion efficiency exceeding that imposed by the S-Q limit on the corresponding PV cells across a broad range of bandgap energies, under low optical concentration (1-300 suns), operating temperatures in the range 900-1700K, and in simple flat panel designs. We demonstrate maximum conversion efficiency of 73% under illumination by non-concentrated sunlight. A detailed analysis of non-ideal hybrid platforms that allows for up to 15% of absorption/re-emission losses yields limiting efficiency value of 45% for Si PV cells.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures
title: Exploring Urban Forestry Non-Governmental Organizations in the Temperate Forest Region of the United States
Creators: name: Elton, Alexander J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2022

description: The environmental and human health benefits of urban forests have been well documented. In the United States, volunteers conduct 5% of municipal tree care-related activities in urban forests. A literature review related to urban forestry volunteers in the United States was conducted and it was concluded that urban forestry volunteers are often organized via a committee or non-governmental organization (NGO) and that there is limited understanding around many of these entities. Following Dillman’s methods, an electronic qualitative survey with a primary objective of better understanding their characteristics was disseminated to urban forestry NGOs throughout the temperate forest region of the United States. Private citizens are significant partners that are essential in forming and funding urban forestry NGOs. More than 40% of organizations were established to extend limited municipal resources and improve urban tree canopy cover. Nearly 80% of responding NGOs had helped develop, shape, or implement local urban forestry-related policy in their community.