cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ethical questions: from the legitimacy of transgenics, through the raison d'etre of GMOs, to the responsability of their advocates
Creators: name: Larrere, Raphael
name: Larrere, Raphael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Genetic engineering is presented as a major scientific and technological revolution. This fact, according to its promoters, is what gives it its legitimacy. But it is also why some people fear it. The former do not hesitate in using a Promethean rhetoric. The latter’s fears, however, are just as valid. But examining scientific controversies and observing the emergent debate on GMOs lead one to assert that transgenics, sophisticated tinkering with uncertain results, involves playing with natural processes. Therefore, it is neither without emphasis nor without belief in the superpower of genetics that this engineering has become, for some, a technical revolution ensuring an unprecedented control of nature and, for others, a problematic and artificial transformation of the living organisms that could have serious consequences. Rather, I would consider it as a “technological bluff” that the “genetics-are-all myth” makes convincing. If we admit, as Henri Atlan does, that all is not in the gene, neither the Promethean rhetoric of scientists nor the hyperbolic fear of the insane demiurge can be justified by the “genetic program” metaphor. There is no longer any reason to consider that the genome must not be tampered with. If one abandons the “genetics-are-all myth”, transgenics, which was first a laboratory technology, appears to be legitimate engineering. What poses problems, then, is when this technology steps beyond the scientific research field and GMOs are likely to be marketed and spread quickly across the world. It implies shifting the question of the legitimacy of transgenics to the raison d'être of GMOs, and then to the responsibility of those who promote them, taking into account the consequences of their spreading on a large scale.
ASSESSING THE IMPACTS OF CO-MANAGEMENT ON PROTECTED AREA LANDSCAPE UNDER SOCIO-IMAGERY LENS: EVIDENCE FROM BANGLADESH
Creators: name: Faqrul Islam Chowdhury
name: Kamrul Islam
name: Mohiuddin Al Faroque
name: Islam, Kazi Nazrul
name: Md. Farhadur Rahman
name: Md. Tanjimul Alam Arif
name: Nath, Tapan Kumar
name: Jashimuddin, Mohammed
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Bangladesh Forest Department had undertaken co-management of protected area (PA) initiatives for halting the rapid rate of forest degradation and deforestation in the country. However, only few research has been conducted to assess the effectiveness of co-management. In this study, drawing empirical data from two co-managed PA, namely, Bariyadhala National Park (BDNP) and Hazarikhil Wildlife Sanctuary (HWS), we investigated the impacts of co-management on spatio-temporal patterns of land use and land cover change, forest fragmentation, and local peoples’ perception on how co-management approach was underpinning these changes in the studied PA landscape. Results showed that forest cover (4800 ha gain) and forest patches (26 patch gain) had increased in two studied PA while agricultural practices and resources extractions from forest had decreased during the study period. The increase in forest coverage might be attributed to the reforestation program (3253.81 ha) undertaken under the co-management project. More than 90% of respondents admitted that various activities on co-management such as awareness creation, restriction on hunting, and forest products collection have had positive impacts on biodiversity conservation. The findings of this research would be useful to formulate future course of actions regarding forest PA co-management in Bangladesh, and elsewhere.
Heterobilayers of 2D materials as a platform for excitonic superfluidity
Creators: name: Gupta, Sunny
name: Kutana, Alex
name: Yakobson, Boris I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Excitonic condensate has been long-sought within bulk indirect-gap semiconductors, quantum wells, and 2D material layers, all tried as carrying media. Here we propose intrinsically stable 2D semiconductor heterostructures with doubly-indirect overlapping bands as optimal platforms for excitonic condensation. After screening hundreds of 2D materials, we identify candidates where spontaneous excitonic condensation mediated by purely electronic interaction should occur, and hetero-pairs Sb2Te2Se/BiTeCl, Hf2N2I2/Zr2N2Cl2, and LiAlTe2/BiTeI emerge promising. Unlike monolayers, where excitonic condensation is hampered by Peierls instability, or other bilayers, where doping by applied voltage is required, rendering them essentially non-equilibrium systems, the chemically-specific heterostructures predicted here are lattice-matched, show no detrimental electronic instability, and display broken type-III gap, thus offering optimal carrier density without any gate voltages, in true-equilibrium. Predicted materials can be used to access different parts of electron-hole phase diagram, including BEC-BCS crossover, enabling tantalizing applications in superfluid transport, Josephson-like tunneling, and dissipationless charge counterflow.
description: 4 figure
The Finance-Growth Nexus in Britain, 1850-1913
Creators: name: Jansson, Tor Walter Kristian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Financial development
economic growth
credit supply shocks
trade finance
local finance
bank competition
TVP-VAR
spatial dynamic panel

description: This thesis argues that the financial sector played a positive, but limited role in British economic growth from 1850 to 1913. It examines empirically the role played by different types of financial institutions: commercial banks, stock markets and merchant banks. To this end, the thesis uses recently developed time series and dynamic panel methods for the econometric analysis, alongside new data on different parts of the financial system. The results suggest that at a national level, the growth of commercial banks had a limited impact on British economic development over the long run, and stock markets had no impact. However, changes in bank lending influenced economic growth to a significant extent in the short term. Growing conservatism in bank lending practices did not significantly increase credit constraints, as had been previously suspected. Findings from new geographically disaggregated data indicate that the spread of bank offices improved the economic performance of English and Welsh counties. Increased concentration of the banking industry did not hinder economic growth, a result that challenges widespread suggestions in the relevant literature. Moreover, the development of provincial stock exchanges – exchanges outside London - did not influence county-level economic growth, contrary to the view that they were important for the expansion of local industry. Finally, this thesis is the first to assess econometrically the role of merchant banks. It demonstrates that their trade financing activities were beneficial not only for the growth of British international trade, but also for that of the domestic economy.
description: Osk. Huttunen Foundation (2016-2018) Emil Aaltonen Foundation (2015-2016) Ellen McArthur Fund
Unique Dirac and Triple point fermiology in simple transition metals and their binary alloys
Creators: name: Mondal, Chiranjit
name: Barman, Chanchal K.
name: Sarkar, Shuvam
name: Barman, Sudipta Roy
name: Alam, Aftab
name: Pathak, Biswarup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noble metal surfaces (Au, Ag and Cu etc.) have been extensively studied for the Shockley type surface states (SSs). Very recently, some of these Shockley SSs have been understood from the topological consideration, with the knowledge of global properties of electronic structure. In this letter, we show the existence of Dirac like excitations in the elemental noble metal Ru, Re and Os based on symmetry analysis and first principle calculations. The unique SSs driven Fermi arcs have been investigated in details for these metals. Our calculated SSs and Fermi arcs are consistent with the previous transport and photo-emission results. We attribute these Dirac excitation mediated Fermi arc topology to be the possible reasons behind several existing transport anomalies, such as large non-saturating magneto resistance, anomalous Nernst electromotive force and its giant oscillations, magnetic breakdown etc. We further show that the Dirac like excitations in these elemental metal can further be tuned to three component Fermionic excitations, using symmetry allowed alloy mechanism.
Static and Dynamic Analysis of Nonlinear Valve Springs Based on Finite Element Analysis and Machine Learning Algorithm
Creators: name: Gu, Zewen
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: The valve spring is a fundamental type of helical spring which is essential for enabling the opening and closure of a valve in a car engine. Nowadays, it is increasingly common to use valve springs of nonlinear geometry in high-speed car engines for better dynamic performance. However, practical issues such as malfunction and pre-failure are also raised by spring researchers and manufacturers using and analysing these nonlinear springs. It is commonly stated that existing spring models and empirical formula do not allow for the analysis of these nonlinear springs. To tackle such difficulties, it is imperative that all the varied geometric parameters of a nonlinear spring be clarified in order to facilitate efficient and generalizable analysis. Past research efforts have mainly emphasized the analysis of standard valve springs of constant geometric parameters and the development of spring models for low-speed static conditions. However, these models do not take into account the full breadth of conditions and consequently are considered to be insufficient and compromised in accuracy. Therefore, it remains a challenge to effectively leverage such models in the analysis and design of nonlinear valve springs. This thesis aims to address the existing gaps and present a comprehensive study on the analysis of nonlinear valve springs and their dynamic response in high-speed engines. An advanced spring formula is developed based on simplified curved beam theory to formulate the relationships between the nonlinear spring geometry (varied coil diameter, varied pitch and coil clash) and the mechanical properties of a beehive valve spring. These nonlinear considerations deliver a higher predictive accuracy than the existing spring formulas by comparing FE and experimental results. The new spring formula is coupled with the distributed parameter model to simulate the dynamic spring responses. However, whilst it accurately simulates the dynamic responses at lower engine speeds (lower 5000-rpm), it fails to simulate the significant abnormal spring forces at high engine speeds (over 8000-rpm). On the contrary, the FE springs model is developed, of which static and dynamic simulation results fit well with the experimental data at both low and high engine speeds. More importantly, analysis of the dynamic FE results explains how the violent coil clash leads to significant abnormal spring forces. In the last part, a machine learning model, based on genetic programming techniques and the FE results, is developed to aid the design of nonlinear helical springs. The model enables researchers to analyse nonlinear helical spring properties directly using information extracted from FE results data, bypassing the necessity to unravel the complex inner relationships between the nonlinear spring parameters.
Phenylacetylene oligomers as synthetic information molecules
Creators: name: Swain, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Phenylacetylene
oligomers
chemistry
synthetic
information
molecules

description: Nucleic acids store genetic information in the sequence of nucleobases. Through duplex formation and template directed synthesis, the information stored in nucleic acids determines their three-dimensional structure and function. Nucleic acids are essential molecules for biological processes and have been used in nanotechnology. Modified nucleic acids have been synthesised that still form duplexes and can be tolerated by enzymes, suggesting that it is possible to construct a synthetic system comparable to nucleic acids, orthogonal to nucleic acids. This thesis describes the synthesis of a new class of synthetic information molecule, characterisation of the duplex forming properties, and attempts at templated oligomerisation reactions. The new synthetic information molecule is based on the phenylacetylene oligomer framework developed by Moore and co-workers. Recognition was achieved via a base-pair that is made from a single point high affinity H-bond, with phenol as the H-bond donor (D) and phosphine oxide as the H-bond acceptor (A). The Sonogashira coupling was used to construct the phenylacetylene oligomer backbone. The AA, DD and AD 2-mers were synthesised and complementary 2-mers showed cooperative duplex formation. No intramolecular H-bonding due to folding was observed in the AD mixed 2-mer. Longer oligomers were synthesised using a method of oligomerisation and chromatographic separation by reverse-phase preparatory HPLC. Homo-oligomers up to the 7-mer were isolated and binding studies between complementary all donor, all acceptor homo-oligomers showed increasing duplex stability with each additional recognition unit in the oligomer chain. Oligomers containing both acceptor and donor recognition modules in the same chain were synthesised and NMR dilution studies were used to investigate their ability to fold. Preliminary experiments were carried out to evaluate the ability of these information molecules to template oligomerisation reactions, but when reactions were carried out at concentrations low enough for a significant template effect, no coupling reactions were observed.
description: ERC
PJLZ--gauge fixing approach in SU(2) lattice gauge theory
Creators: name: Mitrjushkin, V. K.
name: Veselov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the SU(2) gauge theory with the interpolating gauge {\it a la} Parrinello--Jona-Lasinio--Zwanziger (PJLZ) with the gauge fixing functional $F=\sum_{xμ} {1/2}\tr (U_{xμ}σ_3U_{xμ}^{\dagger}σ_3)$. We find a strong indication of the non--analiticity with respect to the interpolating parameter $λ$ at $λ_c \sim 0.8$.
description: 6 pages, 3 postscript figures
Visualisation and analysis of patterns in serological data using "antibody landscapes"
Creators: name: Wilks, Samuel Hedley
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: influenza
antibody landscapes
antibodies
serology
vaccination
infection
hemagglutination inhibition
HI
H3N2

description: In this thesis I develop and implement “antibody landscapes”, a method to profile immunity against a pathogen as a function of antigenic differences between a range of strains. Theoretically applicable to any antigenically variable pathogen and measurement of immunity, the work here focusses on antibody-mediated immunity against the A/H3N2 influenza subtype. Applying the methodology to study annual serum samples from individuals monitored for influenza infection over a period of six years, patterns of influenza immunity were found to be remarkably distinct and maintained almost unchanged over time in the absence of influenza exposure. Upon infection, the initial response is strikingly antigenically broad, including responses against viruses far beyond the extent of cross-reactivity observed after a primary infection. Analysis of two vaccination cohorts, one receiving an antigenically advanced vaccine strain and one a more typical vaccine strain choice, revealed many of the same patterns of response as seen with infection. Antigenically advanced vaccination generated greater responses against later strains but surprisingly, due to equivalent boosting of prior immunity, this came at no cost to responses generated against contemporary or older strains. Exploring in more detail the development of immunity over time, analysis of a cohort of children demonstrated that - in contrast to adults with diverse exposure histories - antibody responses to a first infections were remarkably similar in pattern and magnitude. Interestingly, for second infections, although post-infection antibody titres against circulating strains were comparable to those after first infections, overall cross-reactivity of the response against future antigenic variants appeared to be diminished. The findings here underline the significant role prior-immunity plays in affecting the response to new exposures and the importance of understanding it. An important conclusion is that by failing to account for it, current approaches to influenza vaccine strain selection may be suboptimal and pre-emptive vaccine strain updates may improve overall vaccine efficacy where immunity to current strains already exists in the population. Building on the work presented here should help to optimise strain choice and vaccine efficacy even further.
description: Part funded by an MRC studentship
How Mira Variables Change Visual Light by a Thousand-fold
Creators: name: Reid, M. J.
name: Goldston, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mira variables change visual light by up to 8 magnitudes over their roughly yearly cycle. Here we present a simple explanation for the extremely large amplitudes of light curves of oxygen-rich Mira variables. Metallic oxides, such as TiO, form throughout the stellar atmosphere as the star cools when approaching minimum light. When this happens, the visual light can be almost completely absorbed at large radii, extending the visual photosphere to nearly twice its nominal size. At these large radii, temperatures can fall to approximately 1400 K and essentially all of the star's radiation emerges in the infrared. Since almost no optical light is emitted at these low temperatures, Mira variables can decrease their visual light by more than a thousand-fold and almost "disappear" to the human eye.
description: 16 pages including 4 figures To appear in ApJ 568 (April 1,2002)
Cell-cycle dependent motility of Chlamydomonas reinhardtii and its collective motion in response to a Hagen-Poiseuille flow
Creators: name: Jin, Di
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Chlamydomonas
algae
motility
gravitaxis
cell cycle
cell tracking

description: Motility of unicellular algal cells, especially its ability to respond to environmental cues, is crucial in industrial and ecological contexts and has been studied extensively with the model organism Chlamydomonas. However, little is known about the relationship between motility and the cell-cycle, despite the apparent link of mitosis dependent morphological changes which involve the flagella and the dependency on light/dark conditions of the cellular reactions. In this study, the cell swimming speed, the rotational diffusivity and its swimming bias against gravity were measured with high-speed video microscopy with Chlamydomonas reinhardtii cultures highly synchronised to a diurnal cycle. A simulation of gravitactic cell trajectories was developed to assist the statistical analysis of the cell trajectories from the images, which subject to a projection effect and has not been addressed previously. Its morphological changes, including cell size, shape, mass density, and presence of flagella were also evaluated. Un unforeseen change of cell motility at a critical mitosis time point was discovered, and our analysis suggests a connection to the alternating cell energetic regimes rather than the cell morphology. As indicated by results obtained from imaging based experimental measurements and by computational methods, the motility variation has direct consequences on the collective motion of algal cells in a Hagen–Poiseuille flow, a relevant component flow for air-lift photobioreactors. The cell number density profiles were calculated by an individual-based simulation and a continuum system inclusive of the buoyancy effect imposed by the aggregated cells on their surrounding fluid. Qualitative experimental-theoretical agreement suggests that the models can be employed for optimisation problems of photobioreactor flow designs inclusive of the non-negligible cell-cycle effects, which has been commonly overlooked in previous studies.
description: Winton scholarship for the physics of sustainability
Metanarsia guberlica K. Nupponen 2010
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Metanarsia
Metanarsia guberlica

description: Metanarsia guberlica K. Nupponen, 2010
Guberlja 25.VI.2003 (1♂), 26.VI.2003 (1♂).
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural).
 Remarks. The species is described in part I of this issue (Junnilainen & K. Nupponen 2010).
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 9, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
Vector model in various dimensions
Creators: name: Goykhman, Mikhail
name: Smolkin, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study behaviour of the critical $O(N)$ vector model with quartic interaction in $2 \leq d \leq 6$ dimensions to the next-to-leading order in the large-$N$ expansion. We derive and perform consistency checks that provide an evidence for the existence of a non-trivial fixed point and explore the corresponding CFT. In particular, we use conformal techniques to calculate the multi-loop diagrams up to and including 4 loops in general dimension. These results are used to calculate a new CFT data associated with the three-point function of the Hubbard- Stratonovich field. In $6-ε$ dimensions our results match their counterparts obtained within a proposed alternative description of the model in terms of $N+1$ massless scalars with cubic interactions. In $d=3$ we find that the OPE coefficient vanishes up to $\mathcal{O}(1/N^{3/2})$ order.
description: v2: revisions in section 5, added appendices B, C with more details, minor improvements, references added, v3: improvements in section 5, missing contributions in section 5.B added, additional discussion and references added, v4: published version, references added, discussion extended, formulas simplified
Calculation of reduced density matrices from correlation functions
Creators: name: Peschel, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that for solvable fermionic and bosonic lattice systems, the reduced density matrices can be determined from the properties of the correlation functions. This provides the simplest way to these quantities which are used in the density-matrix renormalization group method.
description: 4 pages
Supplementary Material.docx from Males of the parasitoid wasp, Nasonia vitripennis, can identify which fly hosts contain females
Creators: name: Prazapati, Garima
name: Yadav, Ankit
name: Ambili, Anoop
name: Sharma, Abhilasha
name: Raychoudhury, Rhitoban
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: The reproductive success of a male is limited by the number of females it can mate with. Thus, males deploy elaborate strategies to maximize access to females. In Nasonia, which are parasitoids of cyclorrhaphous flies, such reproductive strategies are thought to be restricted to competition among males for access to females in the natal patch. This study investigates whether additional strategies are present, especially the capability to identify which fly hosts contain adult females inside. Behavioural assays revealed that only one out of the four species, N. vitripennis, can distinguish which hosts specifically have adult female wasps, indicating a species-specific reproductive strategy. Results of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses and behavioural data suggest that female-signature cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs) are used as chemical cues, possibly emanating from within the host puparium. Further assays indicated that N. vitripennis males can also detect differences in the intensities of female-signature CHCs, enabling them with the capability to seek out hosts with maximum number of females. This study uncovers a previously unknown reproductive strategy in one of the most widely studied parasitoid wasps.
Caulastrocecis perexigella Junnilainen 2010
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Caulastrocecis
Caulastrocecis perexigella

description: Caulastrocecis perexigella Junnilainen, 2010
Arkaim 15.VI.1996, 17.VI.1996, 18.VI.1996, 14–19.VI.1996; Chalk Hills 03–07.VI.1998, 28.V.2004; Verbljushka 10–12.VI.1998. A total of 29♂♂.
 Distribution. Russia (S Ural).
 Remarks. The species is described in part I of this issue (Junnilainen & K. Nupponen 2010).
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 11, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
MOESM2 of Nutritional value of Sesamum indicum L. was improved by Azospirillum and Azotobacter under low input of NP fertilizers
Creators: name: Nosheen, Asia
name: Asghari Bano
name: Naz, Rabia
name: Humaira Yasmin
name: Ishtiaq Hussain
name: Faizan Ullah
name: Rumana Keyani
name: Hassan, Muhammad
name: Tahir, Ayesha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Weather data of both years (2012 and 2013) of the experiment.
The process of strategy formation in high-growth SMEs
Creators: name: Buzuloiu, Carmina Manuela
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: strategy formation
high-growth SMEs
startegy formation framework
strategy formation characteristics
enablers and barriers to strategy formation
strategy formation structure
strategy formation stages
role of strategy formation in achieveing growth
qualitative study of strategy formation
model for strategy formation in high-growth SMEs
qualitative case study

description: This dissertation explores the topic of strategy formation in high-growth SMEs. High-growth SMEs represent the growth and job creation engine of an economy; however, little has been understood on how strategy forms and develops in high-growth SMEs. The focus on large organisations has led to a literature gap regarding strategy making in SMEs (Wisener and Millett, 2012). “There is a need for deeper understanding” of strategy formation processes in SMEs (Lofving et al., 2014) and “research focusing on questions such as how firms grow […] has been neglected.” (Wright and Stigliani, 2012) The research objectives are: to understand how strategy forms and develops in high-growth SMEs; to develop a framework for the qualitative study of strategy formation processes in high-growth SMEs; and to identify enablers and barriers related to strategy formation processes in high-growth SMEs. A multiple, retrospective case-study methodology has been used. Extensive case studies built on in-depth interviews with management have been compiled to understand the complexity of the studied phenomenon. The research develops two qualitative research tools based on the literature review: a preliminary framework and an assessment matrix to study strategy formation processes. Furthermore, the research introduces a new approach to strategy charting. The key contributions of this research are as follows: • A holistic view of how strategy processes in high-growth SMEs form and develop is provided. New insights into the structures, characteristics, and other aspects of strategy formation processes have been articulated. • A framework for the qualitative study of strategy formation processes in high-growth SMEs has been developed by applying the cross-case analysis findings to the preliminary framework. • New enablers and barriers related to strategy formation processes in high-growth SMEs have been identified. New findings on the role of strategy formation in achieving growth have been outlined. This dissertation narrows the gap between strategy formation in academia and real life by providing practitioners with detailed case studies which can be used as guidelines for the development of strategy formation processes. The research can also help SMEs’ managers to tackle challenges encountered in strategy formation and to support catalysts which enable strategy formation. This dissertation provides exploratory findings into a phenomenon which has been limitedly researched. Further research should seek to generalise and test the findings on additional SMEs.
description: EPSRC
MOESM1 of Nutritional value of Sesamum indicum L. was improved by Azospirillum and Azotobacter under low input of NP fertilizers
Creators: name: Nosheen, Asia
name: Asghari Bano
name: Naz, Rabia
name: Humaira Yasmin
name: Ishtiaq Hussain
name: Faizan Ullah
name: Rumana Keyani
name: Hassan, Muhammad
name: Tahir, Ayesha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Analysis of variance (ANOVA).
Independence of work and entropy for equal energetic finite quantum systems: Passive state energy as an entanglement quantifier
Creators: name: Alimuddin, Mir
name: Guha, Tamal
name: Parashar, Preeti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although entropy is a necessary and sufficient quantity to characterize the order of work content for equal energetic (EE) states in the asymptotic limit, for the finite quantum systems, the relation is not so linear and requires detail investigation. Toward this, we have considered a resource theoretic framework taking the energy preserving operations (EPO) as free, to compare the amount of extractable work from two different quantum states. Under EPO, majorization becomes a necessary criterion for state transformation. It is also shown that the passive state energy is a concave function and for EE states it becomes proportional to the ergotropy in absolute sense. Invariance of the passive state energy under unitary action on the given state makes it an entanglement measure for the pure bipartite states. Further, due to the non additivity of passive state energy for the different system Hamiltonians, one can generate Vidal's monotones which would give the optimal probability for pure entangled state transformation. This measure also quantifies the ergotropic gap which is employed to distinguish some specific classes of three-qubit pure entangled states.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
The evolving landscape of agroecological research
Creators: name: Mason, Rachel E.
name: White, Alissa
name: Bucini, Gabriela
name: Anderzén, Janica
name: V. Ernesto Méndez
name: Merrill, Scott C.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: It has been widely argued that agroecological science, which originally developed as the application of ecological principles to agricultural systems, should engage with the social and political issues that affect production agriculture, and incorporate knowledge from a variety of sources. In this paper, we use techniques from network science and bibliometrics to evaluate the degree to which this transformation has taken place. By creating networks based on over 3,000 agroecology papers and the roughly 160,000 references they cite, we distinguish the sub-fields (“research fronts”) that made up agroecology in three time intervals: 1982–2004, 2005–2013, and 2014–2018. We also identify the main disciplines from which the research fronts in 2014–2018 drew their supporting knowledge. We suggest that, very broadly, themes in agroecological research include: Ecosystem services; (agro)biodiversity; approaches to agricultural intensification; tropical agroecosystems (particularly coffee); pest and weed management; organic agriculture; cropping systems; system transitions, modeling, and design; climate change adaptation; food sovereignty; education; and the nature and purpose of agroecology itself. Some research fronts mainly cite papers in natural science fields such as ecology, environmental science, agriculture, and entomology. However, others draw upon work in social science areas including development studies, environmental studies, and anthropology. The analysis presented in this paper demonstrates that agroecology has indeed evolved to possess many of the characteristics of an “ecology of [the entire] food system.” We anticipate that this work will also be of use to those wishing to gain an overview of the field or identify key papers, knowledge gaps, and potential collaborations.
MOESM4 of Peripheral nerve injury-induced alterations in VTA neuron firing properties
Creators: name: Huang, Shuo
name: Borgland, Stephanie
name: Zamponi, Gerald
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Electrophysiological properties of ventral-dorsal VTA DA neurons. a-d) Spontaneous firing frequency (a), F-I slope (b), input resistance (c), and Ih (d) in central, ventral, and dorsal subregions of the lateral VTA. e-h) Spontaneous firing frequency (e), F-I slope (f), input resistance (g), and Ih (h) in central, ventral, and dorsal subregions of the medial VTA. Numbers in parentheses reflect numbers of cells. DATA were collected from 33 SHAM and 25 SNI mice.
The BeppoSAX view of bright Compton-thin Seyfert 2 galaxies
Creators: name: Risaliti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of 31 observations of 20 bright Compton thin Seyfert 2s, in the 0.1-200 keV band, performed with the BeppoSAX satellite. The sample consists of all Seyfert 2s in the BeppoSAX public archive, with a 2-10 keV flux higher than 5x10^(-12) erg/cm^2/s. The good statistics available and the broad energy band permit a detailed study of the main continuum components of these sources, i.e. the primary power-law, the reflected component, the soft emission and the high-energy cut-off. The main results of our analysis are: (1) the 3-200 keV intrinsic power-law has a mean photon index Gamma=1.79+-0.01, with a dispersion of sigma=0.23. (2) The high-energy exponential cut-off at E~100-300 keV is not an ubiquitous property of Seyfert galaxies: in ~30% of the objects the continuum power-law does not drop up to energies of 300 keV or more. (3) A reflected component is present in almost all the sources (17 out of 21). The small variations of this component with respect to the intrinsic continuum, in objects with multiple observations, suggests that the reflector is not the accretion disk, but must be located much farther from the nucleus. (4) The range of ratios between the reflected and intrinsic components suggests that the circumnuclear medium is not homogeneous, and a significant fraction of the solid angle is covered by a gas thicker than that along the line of sight. (5) The iron Kalpha line is present is all but one the sources. The equivalent width is in the typical range of Seyfert 1s (EW=100-300 eV) in sources with low absorption (N_H < 3x10^23 cm^(-2)), and increases in more absorbed objects, as expected according to unified models. (6) The energy resolution of BeppoSAX is in general too low to measure the iron line width. However, in 6 cases we measured a significant line broadening.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, A&A, accepted
The Schroedinger functional coupling in quenched QCD at low energies
Creators: name: Heitger, Jochen
name: Simma, Hubert
name: Sommer, Rainer
name: Wolff, Ulli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Existing non-perturbative computations of the running coupling of quenched QCD in the Schroedinger functional scheme are extended to scales mu lying much deeper in the low-energy regime. We are able to reach 1/mu ~ 0.9 fm, where a significant deviation from its perturbative evolution is observed.
description: Lattice2001(improvement), 3 pages, latex2e, 5 Postscript figures, uses epsfig, amssymb and espcrc2
Learning Lightweight Pedestrian Detector with Hierarchical Knowledge Distillation
Creators: name: Chen, Rui
name: Ai, Haizhou
name: Shang, Chong
name: Chen, Long
name: Zhuang, Zijie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It remains very challenging to build a pedestrian detection system for real world applications, which demand for both accuracy and speed. This work presents a novel hierarchical knowledge distillation framework to learn a lightweight pedestrian detector, which significantly reduces the computational cost and still holds the high accuracy at the same time. Following the `teacher--student' diagram that a stronger, deeper neural network can teach a lightweight network to learn better representations, we explore multiple knowledge distillation architectures and reframe this approach as a unified, hierarchical distillation framework. In particular, the proposed distillation is performed at multiple hierarchies, multiple stages in a modern detector, which empowers the student detector to learn both low-level details and high-level abstractions simultaneously. Experiment result shows that a student model trained by our framework, with 6 times compression in number of parameters, still achieves competitive performance as the teacher model on the widely used pedestrian detection benchmark.
description: Accepted at ICIP 2019 as Oral
Mini-LANNDD: A Very Sensitive Neutrino Detector To Measure sin sup 2(2 theta sub 13)
Creators: name: Cline, David B.
name: Otwinowski, Stanislaw
name: Sergiampietri, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ICARUS Detector at the LGNS will carry out a sensitive search for a sin sup 2(2 theta sub 13). We describe a small version for the LANNDD proton decay detector (70kT Liquid Argon) to measure nu sub mu -> nu sub e in a low energy or off-axis neutrino beam. We find an optimal detector size is 5 kT and at a distance of about 700 km from a high-energy neutrino source. This detector uses the ICARUS method.
description: Talk given by D. Cline at the New Initiative Workshop, FNAL, May 2002
MOESM1 of Intracranial haemorrhage detected by cerebral computed tomography after falls in hospital acute medical wards
Creators: name: Shiny Stephen
name: Wong, Elena
name: Idris, Adam
name: Lim, Andy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Monash Health post-fall management form detailing the mandatory medical assessment and indications for brain CT.
Megacraspedus separatellus
Creators: name: Junnilainen, Jari
name: Karsholt, Ole
name: Nupponen, Kari
name: Kaitila, Jari-Pekka
name: Nupponen, Timo
name: Olschwang, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Gelechiidae
Megacraspedus
Megacraspedus separatellus

description: Megacraspedus separatellus (Fischer von Röslerstamm, 1843)
Arkaim 14–19.VI.1996; Chalk Hills 03–07.VI.1998, 24.VI.1999, 01.VII.2003, 25.V.2004; Novoiletzk 09.VI.1998; Verbljushka 30.V–05.VI.1998. Locally common. A total of 58 exx.
 Other material studied. M. separatellus: Russia, Altai mountains, 50°16–20’N 87°50–55’E, Kuraisky hrebet 2300 m, 10.VII.2001 (88♂♂, 66♀), K. Nupponen leg.
 Distribution. Locally from C and S Europe to the Ural Mountains. Outside Europe in the Altai Mountains, Turkey and the Caucasus.
 Remarks. Female is brachypterous. There is only a minor variation in the length and shape of forewing of females, and hindwings are always reduced. However, females considerably vary in size, which may give an impression of a variable wing length. Females were collected most commonly early in the morning, while they were active and running among grasses.
description: Published as part of Junnilainen, Jari, Karsholt, Ole, Nupponen, Kari, Kaitila, Jari-Pekka, Nupponen, Timo & Olschwang, Vladimir, 2010, The gelechiid fauna of the southern Ural Mountains, part II: list of recorded species with taxonomic notes (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae) 2367, pp. 1-68 in Zootaxa 2367 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2367.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10093655
title: A digital beam-phase control system for a heavy-ion synchrotron with a double-harmonic cavity system
Creators: name: Grieser, Jochen
name: Lens, Dieter Etienne Mia
name: Hartel, Uta
name: Klingbeil, Harald
name: Laier, Ulrich
name: Ningel, Klaus-Peter
name: Schäfer, S.
name: Zipfel, Bernhard
Publisher: name: Joint Accelerator Conferences Website
Year: 2022

description: For the new Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) at GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung GmbH (http://www.gsi.de), the heavy ion synchrotron SIS18 will be operated with a double harmonic cavity system. The second cavity, running at twice the fundamental frequency, is used to create a lengthened bucket which introduces nonlinearities to the control system. To damp longitudinal rigid dipole oscillations a digital feedback system consisting of a filter and an integrator is used. For the existing single-harmonic setup an FIR-filter is implemented which realizes a multiple bandpass filter with the first passband centre frequency close to the synchrotron frequency. Both, the feedback gain and the passband frequency of the filter depend on the actual value of the synchrotron frequency. It was shown by simulations and in an experiment that this setup can be transferred to a double-harmonic cavity system obtaining similar results for the region of stabilizing feedback parameters, if the oscillation frequency of the bunch barycenter is considered instead of the synchrotron frequency of a linearized bucket.
A Reinforcement Learning Quality of Service Negotiation Framework For IoT Middleware
Creators: name: Udoh, Itorobong
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2022

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem is characterised by heterogeneous devices dynamically interacting with each other to perform a specific task, often without human intervention. This interaction typically occurs in a service-oriented manner and is facilitated by an IoT middleware. The service provision paradigm enables the functionalities of IoT devices to be provided as IoT services to perform actuation tasks in critical-safety systems such as autonomous, connected vehicle system and industrial control systems. As IoT systems are increasingly deployed into an environment characterised by continuous changes and uncertainties, there have been growing concerns on how to resolve the Quality of Service (QoS) contentions between heterogeneous devices with conflicting preferences to guarantee the execution of mission-critical actuation tasks. With IoT devices with different QoS constraints as IoT service providers spontaneously interacts with IoT service consumers with varied QoS requirements, it becomes essential to find the best way to establish and manage the QoS agreement in the middleware as a compromise in the QoS could lead to negative consequences. This thesis presents a QoS negotiation framework, IoTQoSystem, for IoT service-oriented middleware. The QoS framework is underpinned by a negotiation process that is modelled as a Markov Decision Process (MDP). A model-based Reinforcement Learning negotiation strategy is proposed for generating an acceptable QoS solution in a dynamic, multilateral and multi-parameter scenarios. A microservice-oriented negotiation architecture is developed that combines negotiation, monitoring and forecasting to provide a self-managing mechanism for ensuring the successful execution of actuation tasks in an IoT environment. Using a case study, the developed QoS negotiation framework was evaluated using real-world data sets with different negotiation scenarios to illustrate its scalability, reliability and performance.
title: Lettre de Jacques Leibowitch à Marco Barggiollini (Institute Theodore Kocher)
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-20193111132541115