cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thom's official directory of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland for the year 1904 (frontmatter through to page xlviii)
Creators: name: Alex. Thom & Co.
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nobility
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1038255
subject: Cities and towns
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/861748
subject: Directories
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/894589
subject: Business--Directories
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/842318

description: "Comprising British, foreign, and colonial directories. Parliamentary directory, Peerage, baronetage, and knightage directory. Naval and military directory. Statistics of Great Britain and Ireland. Government offices directory. University, scientific, and medical directory., Law directory. Ecclesiastical directory. Banking directory. Postal directory. County and borough directory. Lieutenancy and magistracy of Ireland. Post office Dublin city and county directory, with a new coloured map of Dublin and its environs."
Slow Magic: Agricultural vs Industrial R&D Lag Models
Creators: name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Serfas, Devin
name: Wang, Shanchao
name: Alston, Julian M.
name: Pardey, Philip G.
name: Serfas, Devin
name: Wang, Shanchao
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: knowledge stocks and flows
subject: industrial and agricultural sectors
subject: R&D (research and development)
subject: adoption
subject: technological change
subject: innovation

description: R&D is slow magic. It takes many years before research investments begin to affect productivity, but then they can affect productivity for a long time. Many economists get this wrong. Here we revisit the conceptual foundations for R&D lag models used to represent the temporal links between research investments and impact, review prevalent practice, and document and discuss a range of evidence on R&D lags in agriculture and other industries. Our theory and evidence consistently support the use of longer lags with a different overall lag profile than is typically imposed in studies of industrial R&D and government compilations of R&D knowledge stocks. Many studies systematically fail to recognize the many years of investment and effort typically required to create a new technology and bring it to market, and the subsequent years as the technology is diffused and adopted. Consequential distortions in the measures and economic understanding are implied.
Stellar mass distribution of S$^4$G disk galaxies and signatures of bar-induced secular evolution
Creators: name: Díaz-García, Simón
name: Salo, Heikki
name: Laurikainen, Eija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use 3.6 $μ$m photometry from the Spitzer Survey of Stellar Structure in Galaxies (S$^{4}$G) to trace the stellar distribution in nearby disk galaxies ($z\approx0$) with total stellar masses $10^{8.5}\lesssim M_{\ast}/M_{\odot}\lesssim10^{11}$ and mid-IR Hubble types $-3 \le T \le 10$, and to provide observational constraints for galaxy formation models to be checked against. For 1154 galaxies with disk inclinations lower than $65^{\circ}$, we Fourier decompose and rescale their images to a common frame determined (i) by the size in physical units, (ii) by their disk scalelength, and for 748 barred galaxies (iii) by both the length and orientation of their bars. We stack the resized density profiles and images to obtain statistically representative average stellar disks and bars in bins of $M_{\ast}$ and $T$. We also calculate the mean stellar contribution to the circular velocity. We infer the gravitational potentials from the synthetic bars to obtain the tangential-to-radial force ratio ($Q_{\rm T}$) and $A_2$ profiles in the different bins. We provide observational evidence for bar-induced secular evolution of disk galaxies. For $M_{\ast} \ge 10^{9}M_{\odot}$, we find a significant difference in the stellar density profiles of barred and non-barred systems: (i) disks in barred galaxies show larger scalelengths ($h_{\rm R}$) and fainter extrapolated central surface brightnesses ($Σ_{0}$), (ii) the mean surface brightness profiles ($Σ_{\ast}$) of barred and non-barred galaxies intersect each other slightly beyond the mean bar length, most likely at the bar corotation, and (iii) the central mass concentration of barred galaxies is larger (by almost a factor 2 when $T\le5$) than in their non-barred counterparts. We also show that bars hosted by early-type galaxies are more centrally concentrated and have larger density amplitudes than their late-type counterparts (Abridged).
description: 22 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (July 24, 2016)
Design and advancement status of the Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility (BEaTriX)
Creators: name: Spiga, D.
name: Pelliciari, C.
name: Salmaso, B.
name: Arcangeli, L.
name: Bianucci, G.
name: Ferrari, C.
name: Ghigo, M.
name: Pareschi, G.
name: Rossi, M.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Valsecchi, G.
name: Vecchi, G.
name: Zappettini, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BEaTriX (Beam Expander Testing X-ray facility) project is an X-ray apparatus under construction at INAF/OAB to generate a broad (200 x 60 mm2), uniform and low-divergent X-ray beam within a small lab (6 x 15 m2). BEaTriX will consist of an X-ray source in the focus a grazing incidence paraboloidal mirror to obtain a parallel beam, followed by a crystal monochromation system and by an asymmetrically-cut diffracting crystal to perform the beam expansion to the desired size. Once completed, BEaTriX will be used to directly perform the quality control of focusing modules of large X-ray optics such as those for the ATHENA X-ray observatory, based on either Silicon Pore Optics (baseline) or Slumped Glass Optics (alternative), and will thereby enable a direct quality control of angular resolution and effective area on a number of mirror modules in a short time, in full X-ray illumination and without being affected by the finite distance of the X-ray source. However, since the individual mirror modules for ATHENA will have an optical quality of 3-4 arcsec HEW or better, BEaTriX is required to produce a broad beam with divergence below 1-2 arcsec, and sufficient flux to quickly characterize the PSF of the module without being significantly affected by statistical uncertainties. Therefore, the optical components of BEaTriX have to be selected and/or manufactured with excellent optical properties in order to guarantee the final performance of the system. In this paper we report the final design of the facility and a detailed performance simulation.
description: Accepted paper, pre-print version. The finally published manuscript can be downloaded from http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2238952
SPARC: Mass Models for 175 Disk Galaxies with Spitzer Photometry and Accurate Rotation Curves
Creators: name: Lelli, Federico
name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
name: Schombert, James M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce SPARC (Spitzer Photometry & Accurate Rotation Curves): a sample of 175 nearby galaxies with new surface photometry at 3.6 um and high-quality rotation curves from previous HI/Halpha studies. SPARC spans a broad range of morphologies (S0 to Irr), luminosities (~5 dex), and surface brightnesses (~4 dex). We derive [3.6] surface photometry and study structural relations of stellar and gas disks. We find that both the stellar mass-HI mass relation and the stellar radius-HI radius relation have significant intrinsic scatter, while the HI mass-radius relation is extremely tight. We build detailed mass models and quantify the ratio of baryonic-to-observed velocity (Vbar/Vobs) for different characteristic radii and values of the stellar mass-to-light ratio (M/L) at [3.6]. Assuming M/L=0.5 Msun/Lsun (as suggested by stellar population models) we find that (i) the gas fraction linearly correlates with total luminosity, (ii) the transition from star-dominated to gas-dominated galaxies roughly corresponds to the transition from spiral galaxies to dwarf irregulars in line with density wave theory; and (iii) Vbar/Vobs varies with luminosity and surface brightness: high-mass, high-surface-brightness galaxies are nearly maximal, while low-mass, low-surface-brightness galaxies are submaximal. These basic properties are lost for low values of M/L=0.2 Msun/Lsun as suggested by the DiskMass survey. The mean maximum-disk limit in bright galaxies is M/L=0.7 Msun/Lsun at [3.6]. The SPARC data are publicly available and represent an ideal test-bed for models of galaxy formation.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ (14 pages, 8 figures). All data are available at http://astroweb.cwru.edu/SPARC/
Reliability, Availability and Maintainability Analysis of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit Signaling System
Creators: name: Alemu, Ayana
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: The railway network is a complex and distributed system with several technologies working together to fulfil the demands on capacity, speed and mobility to transport goods and passengers. The railway transportation system in Addis Ababa, the capital of Ethiopia plays a vital role in sustaining social and economic activities of a country by providing a safe, reliable, environmentally friendly and cost efficient means of transportation for the people. Following the safe, economical and practical principles, the design of Addis Ababa Light Rail Transit (AA-LRT) chooses a reasonable communication and signal system. Quality of transportation system critically depend on the reliability of signaling systems. Despite their numerous advantages, considerable train delays, cancellation, high maintenance cost and passenger dissatisfaction are the main disadvantages of signaling systems failures. Reliability, Availability, and Maintainability (RAM) analysis is a practical technique that uses failure and repair dataset obtained over a reasonable time for dealing with proper signaling system operation, maintenance scheduling, cost control, and improving the availability and performance of signaling systems. This research study and analyse RAM of AA-LRT signaling system with a historical database of failures and repairs of signaling systems was collected in the whole line of AA-LRT over a period of six months operation. After data analysis, it was revealed that the Axle counter subsystem has the highest failure frequency with relatively low availability and the switch has the lowest failure frequency with highest availability. A failure Mode and Effect analysis (FMEA) result shows that the switch is most critical subsystem to cause risk. Similarly, estimating the availability of failed signaling subsystems and equipments indicated that all subsystems have an acceptable availability level of above 96%.
Two-time-scale stochastic partial differential equations driven by $α$-stable noises: Averaging principles
Creators: name: Bao, Jianhai
name: Yin, George
name: Yuan, Chenggui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper focuses on stochastic partial differential equations (SPDEs) under two-time-scale formulation. Distinct from the work in the existing literature, the systems are driven by $α$-stable processes with $α\in(1,2)$. In addition, the SPDEs are either modulated by a continuous-time Markov chain with a finite state space or have an addition fast jump component. The inclusion of the Markov chain is for the needs of treating random environment, whereas the addition of the fast jump process enables the consideration of discontinuity in the sample paths of the fast processes. Assuming either a fast changing Markov switching or an additional fast-varying jump process, this work aims to obtain the averaging principles for such systems. There are several distinct difficulties. First, the noise is not square integrable. Second, in our setup, for the underlying SPDE, there is only a unique mild solution and as a result, there is only mild Itô's formula that can be used. Moreover, another new aspect is the addition of the fast regime switching and the addition of the fast varying jump processes in the formulation, which enlarges the applicability of the underlying systems. To overcome these difficulties, a semigroup approach is taken. Under suitable conditions, it is proved that the $p$th moment convergence takes place with $p\in(1,α)$, which is stronger than the usual weak convergence approaches.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/14-BEJ677 in the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
title: Soil gas surveys for post-mining flooding monitoring
Creators: name: Ukelis, Olaf
name: Allgaier, Felix
name: Niederhuber, Thomas
name: Rettenmaier, Detlev
name: Zorn, Roman
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
A consequence of shutting down coal mines as it was done in Germany until 2018 is a rising mine water level posing the risk of possible mining damage. In the frame of the German BMBF funded project FloodRisk an interdisciplinary approach is applied to monitor such risks, in particular mine flooding induced seismicity. In this study geomechanical and geochemical methods were applied to detect active faults as a preparatory step for permanent mine flooding monitoring at the former German coal mine “Haus Aden”. A selected section of a major normal fault in the area shows potential for critical stress indicating it as a preferred gas migration pathway. Short-term soil gas measurements showed correspondingly high concentrations of CO2 and 222Rn. Both analysis results are a good indicator for a structurally controlled gas migration and thus evidence of the modelled fault outcrop. CH4 which is normally the primary mine gas could not be detected, probably related to its oxidative decomposition with formation of CO2. In the next step, selected gas sampling points will be equipped with new, low-cost, permanent gas sensors for long-term monitoring of potential post-mining induced seismicity.
title: Archaean greenstone belts of the Singhbhum Craton, India–windows into early Earth
Creators: name: Jodder, Jaganmoy
name: Hofmann, Axel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Archaean greenstone belts offer the opportunity to study the dynamic conditions on early Earth. The Singhbhum Craton of India hosts several volcano-sedimentary greenstone sequences that preserve Archaean rocks locally exceeding 3.5 Ga. We present a compilation of field, petrographic, geochemical, and geochronological results from the following greenstone sequences: 1) Daitari Greenstone Belt, 2) Gorumahisani Greenstone Belt, and 3) Nausahi Greenstone Belt. Major similarities include the association of mafic-ultramafic sequences, felsic volcanic rocks, and sedimentary units. These greenstone belts host altered carbonated/silicified volcanic rocks and cherts; an assemblage typical for Palaeoarchaean successions. The cherts include bedded orthochemical sediments, silicified shales, silicified volcaniclastic rocks, and hydrothermally derived vein cherts. In all greenstone belts, the cherts preserve carbonaceous matter, which provides evidence for microbial life as old as c. 3.5 Ga ago. Raman thermometry of carbonaceous matter indicates greenschist facies grade of metamorphism. The Daitari and Gorumahisani belts host economic ore deposits (e.g., iron and minor gold respectively). In contrast, despite their akin lithological assemblages the Nausahi belt is yet to be prospected for such economic deposits. Therefore, understanding the geologic evolution of these greenstone belts will be crucial to evaluate early Earth processes and related mineralization from the Archaean record of the Singhbhum Craton.
title: In situ-produced cosmogenic krypton in zircon: its potential for Earth surface applications
Creators: name: Dunai, Tibor János
name: Binnie, Steven Andrew
name: Gerdes, Axel
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Analysis of cosmogenic nuclides produced in surface rocks and sediments is a valuable tool for assessing the rates of processes and the timing of events that shaped the Earth surface. The various nuclides that are used have specific advantages and limitations that depend on the time range over which they are useful, the type of material they are produced in and not least the feasibility of the analytical effort. Anticipating novel applications in Earth surface sciences, we develop in situ-produced terrestrial cosmogenic krypton (Krit) as a new tool, the motivation being the availability of six stable and one radioactive isotope (81Kr, half-life 229 kyr) and of an extremely weathering-resistant target mineral (zircon). We provide proof of principle that terrestrial Krit can be quantified and used to unravel Earth surface processes.
Unique Room Temperature Light Emitting Diode Based on 2D Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Low Dimensional Perovskite Semiconductor
Creators: name: Vassilakopoulou, Anastasia
name: Papadatos, Dionysios
name: Koutselas, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Light Emitting Diode (LED) based on a two dimensional (2D) Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Semiconductor (HOIS) functioning at room temperature is demonstrated. LED is fabricated by depositing a layer of (4-fluorophenethylamine-H)2PbI4 on an ITO substrate. It is the first time that such a room temperature excitonic LED based on 2D lead iodide perovskite is presented, as well as for its simplicity, low cost, ambient conditions fabrication and functioning at 5-10V. The newly introduced class of 3D HOIS perovskite LEDs, is now broadened with the implementation of the 2D HOIS. Novel functionalities can be realized since it is now possible to access the hybrid's 2D semiconductor advantageous properties, such as increased excitonic binding energy, oscillator strength and peak wavelength tunability.
description: 4 Figures, 5 Supplementary, 3 Supplementary Video
Some equipment and experiments in muscle mechanics [microform]
Creators: name: Morgan., David Lloyd
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Clay dissolution/re-precipitation drives extreme Li isotope fractionation during tropical weathering
Creators: name: Chapela Lara, Maria
name: Buss, Heather L.
name: Henehan, Michael J.
name: Schuessler, Jan A.
name: McDowell, William H.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Lithium isotopes are the best tracers of weathering intensity, but little is known about the processes that fractionate them in highly weathered settings, where secondary minerals play a dominant role in weathering reactions. To help fill this gap in our knowledge of Li isotope systematics, we investigated Li isotope fractionation at an andesitic catchment in Puerto Rico*, where the highest rates of silicate weathering on Earth have been documented. We found the lowest δ7Li values published to date for porewater (−27‰) and bulk regolith (−38‰), representing apparent fractionations relative to parent rock of −31‰ and −42‰, respectively. We also found δ7Li values that are lower in the exchangeable fraction (−49‰) than in the bulk regolith or porewater, the opposite than expected from secondary mineral precipitation. We interpret these large isotopic offsets and the unusual relationships between Li pools as resulting from two distinct weathering processes at different depths in the regolith. At the bedrock-regolith transition (9.3–8.5 m depth), secondary mineral precipitation preferentially retains the lighter 6Li isotope. These minerals then dissolve further up the profile, leaching 6Li from the bulk solid, with a total variation of about +50‰ within the profile, attributable primarily to clay dissolution. Importantly, stream water δ7Li (about +35‰) is divorced entirely from these regolith weathering processes, instead reflecting deeper weathering reactions (>9.3 m). Our work thus shows that the δ7Li of waters draining highly weathered catchments may reflect bedrock mineralogy and hydrology, rather than weathering intensity in the regolith covering the catchment.

*Chapela_Lara_et_al., 2022, JGR-ES.
Synthesis, Process Parameters Optimization and Characterization of Banana Peel Based Bio-plastic
Creators: name: Aster, Taddele
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2019

description: In this study, a small scale laboratory bioplastic was synthesized and investigated using banana peel as raw material. The effect of HCL concentrations, concentrations Glycerol, drying temperature and residence time for hydrolysis were analyzed. Design of experiment for response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze and optimize the simultaneous effect of HCl concentration (4%, 12%, 20% v/w), Glycerol concentration (4%, 8%, 12% v/w), drying temperature (40⁰C, 50⁰C, 60⁰C) and Residence time of (5, 15, 25 minutes). A four-factor and three-level Box-Behnken design was used to develop a statistical model to describe the relationship between physical and mechanical property of banana peel based bio film and the chosen independent variables and to optimize the production parameters of banana peel based bio-film. The model was statistically significant (p ˂0.0001). A relatively good quality bioplastic with 9.348MPA of tensile strength, 13.523% Elongation at break, 62.883% water absorption and 48.388% biodegradability was synthesized at optimum parameters of 52.424⁰C temperature, HCl concentration of (2.937ml HCl/25g of banana peel), glycerol concentration of (2.096ml of glycerol/25g of banana peel) and 14.50 minutes of residence time for hydrolysis with high value of combined desirability (95.1%). Validation of the statistical model showed an insignificant difference between experimental and model-predicted results. After analyzing the results of the primary synthesized bioplastic, a new modified bioplastics was produced with 27 % improved water/moisture absorption using a Calcium carbonate as filler at the optimum conditions from the earlier experiments.
title: The Effect of Mineral Dissolution-Precipitation Reactions on the Diffusivity of Porous Media: Innovative Experiments & Reactive Transport Modelling
Creators: name: Lönartz, Mara Iris
name: Poonoosamy, Jenna
name: Yang, Yuankai
name: Deissmann, Guido
name: Bosbach, Dirk
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
A reliable assessment of the evolution of geological repositories for radioactive wastes requires a profound understanding of coupled hydrogeochemical processes across various temporal and spatial scales. At barrier interfaces, chemical and thermal gradients promote mineral precipitation reactions, reducing the porosity and potentially leading to clogging of diffusion-controlled porous media [1]. Recent experiments and pore-scale modelling investigations conducted to benchmark continuum-scale reactive transport models revealed the deficiency of conventional and revised porosity-diffusivity relationships based on Archie’s law to account for changes in effective diffusivity of evolving porous media [1-2]. To identify key parameters at the pore-scale that might explain the discrepancies between experimental and modelling studies, we designed a “lab-on-a-chip” approach for counter-diffusion precipitation experiments, combining time-lapse optical microscopy and operando Raman spectroscopy. As the 2D microfluidic pore network became clogged, the transport of deuterium through the evolving microporosity of the precipitated celestine was visualized by Raman imaging, demonstrating the dynamic nature of porosity clogging. Pore scale simulations were conducted on the 2D images of the evolving pore network to determine its effective diffusivity. The application of a revised porosity-diffusivity relationship improved the agreement between modelling results and experimental observations, but also strongly emphasised the need for further pore-scale investigations. Our innovative combination of microfluidic experiments and pore-scale modelling opens new possibilities to validate and identify relevant pore-scale processes and provides data for upscaling approaches to derive key relationships for continuum-scale reactive transport simulations.[1] Chagneau et al. (2015), Geochem. Trans. 16, 13.[2] Deng et al. (2021), Water Resour. Res. 57(5), 1-16.
Interaction effects in superconductor/quantum spin Hall devices: universal transport signatures and fractional Coulomb blockade
Creators: name: Aasen, David
name: Lee, Shu-Ping
name: Karzig, Torsten
name: Alicea, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfacing s-wave superconductors and quantum spin Hall edges produces time-reversal-invariant topological superconductivity of a type that can not arise in strictly 1D systems. With the aim of establishing sharp fingerprints of this novel phase, we use renormalization group methods to extract universal transport characteristics of superconductor/quantum spin Hall heterostructures where the native edge states serve as leads. We determine scaling forms for the conductance through a grounded superconductor and show that the results depend sensitively on the interaction strength in the leads, the size of the superconducting region, and the presence or absence of time-reversal-breaking perturbations. We also study transport across a floating superconducting island isolated by magnetic barriers. Here we predict e-periodic Coulomb-blockade peaks, as recently observed in nanowire devices [Albrecht et al., Nature 531, 206 (2016)], with the added feature that the island can support fractional charge tunable via the relative orientation of the barrier magnetizations. As an interesting corollary, when the magnetic barriers arise from strong interactions at the edge that spontaneously break time-reversal symmetry, the Coulomb-blockade periodicity changes from e to e/2. These findings suggest several future experiments that probe unique characteristics of topological superconductivity at the quantum spin Hall edge.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
title: Trace element mobilization in the monzogranite of Soultz-sous-Forêts
Creators: name: Jungmann, Michèle
name: Walter, Benjamin F.
name: Kluge, Tobias
name: Eiche, Elisabeth
name: Kolb, Jochen
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In the context of combined raw material and energy production, public attention focusses increasingly on geothermal power plants. The Upper Rhine Graben (URG) in southwest Germany and eastern France is of special interest as it represents a possible geothermal reservoir with raw material potential.

From around 1300 different oil as well as geothermal wells and thermal water wells, knowledge can be acquired about the reservoir rocks of different depths. In the URG, the Triassic sandstones and Variscan crystalline rocks have the greatest geothermal potential. Furthermore, from these wells, the geochemical properties of the fluids can be studied and related to the reservoir rocks.

Up to now, only limited knowledge is available about the recent fluid-rock interactions releasing trace elements to the fluid. There are several hypotheses about the reaction kinetics and transport mechanisms of the elements and water. One of the hypotheses is that trace elements are released by the alteration of feldspars and mica of the Variscan crystalline basement. To corroborate the hypothesis, initial mineralogical and geochemical analyses were carried out on partially altered monzogranite core samples which were extracted from different depths while constructing the geothermal power plant in Soultz-sous-Forêts (France).

The first results of geochemical and mineralogic analysis revealed a need to concretize the hypothesis. Based on the direct comparison between the unaltered mineral and the alteration product, it was determined that trace elements are released but can also be fixed. Thus, the question arises whether these alteration processes lead to the present fluid composition.
Carbon nanotube polymer composites
Creators: name: Morcom., Melanie
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Catalytic Oxidation of Phenol in Aqueous Solution using Fe - Sulfonated Carbon Catalyst
Creators: name: Tewodros, Geremew
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: The main objective of this research was to mineralize phenol in aqueous solution using Fe – Sulfonated carbon catalyst. Two fairly different catalysts (Fe/AC and Fe/AC − SO iii 3 H) in terms of impregnation (FeSO 4 . 7H 2 O for 8hr) and sulfonation (with high concentrated sulfuric acid 98 % for 15hr under N 2 ) were successfully synthesized and compared. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using: pH of zero point of charge, bulk density, total acid density, FT-IR spectroscopy, iron stability, TGA, reusability and performance comparison test with D-optimal experimental design through varying pH of the solution. The result shows that Fe/AC − SO 3 H with maximum acid density, higher iron stability with high reusable capacity. In addition to this, the performance comparison test ensured a maximum phenol removal efficiency and TOC reduction of 8 % and 21.6 % respectively, for Fe/AC − SO 3 H catalyst higher than former catalyst. Thus, from synthesized catalysts Fe/AC − SO 3 H was selected based on the above characterization and further performance analysis was taken place to search for optimal condition. The selected Fe/AC − SO 3 H catalyst was studied for its activity to catalyze mineralization of phenolic aqueous solution using heterogeneous fenton process. Design-Expert 7.0.0 three-levelthree-factor with full factorial was applied for experimental design and statistical analysis using a respective process variables; reaction temperature 30, 60 and 90℃, hydrogen peroxide concentration of 1000, 3500 and 6000 mg/L and 60, 150 and 240 min of reaction time. From the analysis of experimental results the interaction effects were studied and the optimal mineralization reaction process conditions, which will maximize the percentage of TOC reduction, were found to be 57.12 ℃ reaction temperature, 2869.72 mg/L hydrogen peroxide concentration and 119.38 min reaction time which gave 97.94% of TOC reduction. The experimental results were fitted well with the derived response model with the R 2 statistic measure, it is evident that the fit successfully accounted for greater proportion of variance as all the models explained ≈ 98.08 %, 99.8 % and 89.85 % for temperature 30 ℃, 60 ℃and 90 ℃ respectively, of the total variation in the data. In average only 4.09 % of the total variations were not explained by FKM and GLKM. However, as GLKM contains more coefficients than the FKM, R-square statistic, a generally accepted best indicator of the fit quality in the comparison of models with those that are nested, is used.
Adversarial Training For Sketch Retrieval
Creators: name: Creswell, Antonia
name: Bharath, Anil Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative Adversarial Networks (GAN) are able to learn excellent representations for unlabelled data which can be applied to image generation and scene classification. Representations learned by GANs have not yet been applied to retrieval. In this paper, we show that the representations learned by GANs can indeed be used for retrieval. We consider heritage documents that contain unlabelled Merchant Marks, sketch-like symbols that are similar to hieroglyphs. We introduce a novel GAN architecture with design features that make it suitable for sketch retrieval. The performance of this sketch-GAN is compared to a modified version of the original GAN architecture with respect to simple invariance properties. Experiments suggest that sketch-GANs learn representations that are suitable for retrieval and which also have increased stability to rotation, scale and translation compared to the standard GAN architecture.
description: Accepted to ECCV2016 VisArt Workshop
title: Element partitioning and selective mobilisation at the magmatic-hydrothermal transition in shallow igneous systems
Creators: name: Kaufmann, Anne
name: Pettke, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Fluid-melt partition coefficients (KD) quantify the distribution of elements at the magmatic-hydrothermal transition and describe the potential for selective mobilisation and transport of elements from a solidifying magma into the overlying crust, where – in case of metals – it can ultimately result in the formation of magmatic-hydrothermal ore deposits. For shallow, subvolcanic intrusions, the crystallising magma typically reaches fluid saturation at conditions falling into the 2-phase field of the H2O-NaCl system. In this case, two separate fluid phases, low-density vapour and higher density, saline brine are exsolved.

We present brine-melt, vapour-melt, and vapour-brine partition coefficients for over 30 elements, based on LA-ICP-MS individual fluid and melt inclusion measurements from coexisting assemblages in miarolitic quartz from the Torres del Paine intrusive complex in Chilean Patagonia. Calculated KD(brine-melt) span almost 6 orders of magnitude between 0.001 and ≤600; and are highest for Cl-complexing fluid mobile elements such as Pb, Zn, and Ag. In comparison, KD(vapour-melt) are more moderate with values between 1 – 100 for all fluid-mobile elements.

Combining these partitioning data with estimated amounts of vapour and brine exsolving at the magmatic-hydrothermal transition, we can project the relative amounts of a given element that are transferred into low-density vapour and higher density brine. For typical magmatic-hydrothermal systems in the upper crust, amounts of exsolved brine are significantly lower than for vapour. This counterbalances the commonly stronger partitioning of fluid-mobile elements into brine, and confirms that both fluid phases are relevant for mobilising and transporting elements in subvolcanic magmatic-hydrothermal systems.
Noether Symmetries in Gauss-Bonnet-teleparallel cosmology
Creators: name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: De Laurentis, Mariafelicia
name: Dialektopoulos, Konstantinos F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized teleparallel cosmological model, $f(T_\mathcal{G},T)$, containing the torsion scalar $T$ and the teleparallel counterpart of the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant $T_{\mathcal{G}}$, is studied in the framework of the Noether Symmetry Approach. As $f(\mathcal{G}, R)$ gravity, where $\mathcal{G}$ is the Gauss-Bonnet topological invariant and $R$ is the Ricci curvature scalar, exhausts all the curvature information that one can construct from the Riemann tensor, in the same way, $f(T_\mathcal{G},T)$ contains all the possible information directly related to the torsion tensor. In this paper, we discuss how the Noether Symmetry Approach allows to fix the form of the function $f(T_\mathcal{G},T)$ and to derive exact cosmological solutions.
description: 6 pages
Utilization of Cactus Peel as Bioadsorbent For The Removal of Reactive Red Dyes from Textile Dye Effluents
Creators: name: Mebrahtu, Gebrezgiher
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Numerous dye staffs are used in textile industries to paint their products and produces high discharge rate of wastewater with high load of pollutants. Now the presence of dyes in the aquatic systems has become a serious environmental problem. currently bioadsorbents have become desirable for the removal of dyes from textile dye effluents due to their good performance, low cost, simple design, no sludge generation and their accessibility. In this study, the biosorption characteristics and feasibility of cactus peel have been analyzed to remove reactive dyes from aqueous solutions. Batch biosorption experiments were carried out for the biosorption of reactive dye molecule from aqueous solution onto the cactus peel adsorbent at constant room temperature of 25 X o C and agitation speed 200rpm.The effects of diverse process parameters like solution pH, biosorbent dosage, contact time and initial concentration were studied in batch adsorption. For the equilibrium studies, Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to identify the relationship between the concentration of dye ions in the solution and the amount of dye ions adsorbed to the cactus peel adsorbent. The interaction effect of process variables was studied using response surface methodology. The results from the experiments showed that, removal efficiency of reactive red dye was found to increase with lower initial dye concentration, lower solution pH, maximum biosorbent dosage and higher contact time. The effective solution pH, initial dye concentration, biosorbent dose and contact time on the reactive red dye removal efficiency of the cactus peel biosorbent was found to be 3.0, 40 mg/l, 6g and 120min respectively for batch biosorption studies. At these experimental conditions the removal efficiency of reactive red dye using cactus peel adsorbent was found to be 99.43%. regression coefficient of the Langmuir isotherm (R 2 =0.9935) is higher than that of the Freundlich isotherm equation model (R 2 = 0.9722). Thus, it is a practical and good evidence that the biosorption of the reactive red dye onto the cactus peel biosorbent follows the Langmuir isotherm represents the best fitting of experimental data than the Freundlich isotherm equation. Hence, this is indicative of complete mono-layer coverage of the dye on cactus peel surface and it was found to be 2.1066 mg/g. Biosorption kinetics was determined using pseudo first order and pseudo second order models and it was found that pseudo-secondorder model mechanism is the finest model for biosorption of reactive red dye onto powdered cactus peel.
Lost and found: evidence of Second Generation stars along the Asymptotic Giant Branch of the globular cluster NGC 6752
Creators: name: Lapenna, E.
name: Lardo, C.
name: Mucciarelli, A.
name: Salaris, M.
name: Ferraro, F. R.
name: Lanzoni, B.
name: Massari, D.
name: Stetson, P. B.
name: Cassisi, S.
name: Savino, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derived chemical abundances for C, N, O, Na, Mg and Al in 20 asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars in the globular cluster NGC 6752. All these elements (but Mg) show intrinsic star-to-star variations and statistically significant correlations or anticorrelations analogous to those commonly observed in red giant stars of globular clusters hosting multiple populations. This demonstrates that, at odds with previous findings, both first and second generation stars populate the AGB of NGC 6752. The comparison with the Na abundances of red giant branch stars in the same cluster reveals that second generation stars (with mild Na and He enrichment) do reach the AGB phase. The only objects that are not observed along the AGB of NGC 6752 are stars with extreme Na enhancement. This is also consistent with standard stellar evolution models, showing that highly Na and He enriched stars populate the bluest portion of the horizontal branch and, because of their low stellar masses, evolve directly to the white dwarf cooling sequence, skipping the AGB phase.
description: Accepted for publication by ApJL, 11 pages, 3 figures and 1 table
Heat transfer in non-adiabatic small-diameter composite walled packed beds [microform]
Creators: name: Moon., Murray George
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Superconductivity-Induced Ferromagnetism and Weyl Superconductivity in Nb-doped Bi$_2$Se$_3$
Creators: name: Yuan, Noah F. Q.
name: He, Wen-Yu
name: Law, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent experiment on Nb-doped Bi2Se3 showed that zero field magnetization appears below the superconducting transition temperature. This gives evidence that the superconducting state breaks time-reversal symmetry spontaneously and possibly be in the chiral topological phase. This is in sharp contrast to the Cu-doped case which is possibly in the nematic phase and breaks rotational symmetry spontaneously. By deriving the free energy of the system from a microscopic model, we show that the magnetic moments of the Nb atoms can be polarized by the chiral Cooper pairs and enlarge the phase space of the chiral topological phase compared to the nematic phase. We further show that the chiral topological phase is a Weyl superconducting phase with bulk nodal points which are connected by surface Majorana arcs.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures; 3 pages of Supplementary Material. Comments are welcome
Utilization of Banana Peel for Citric Acid Production on Solid-State Fermentation Using Aspergillus Niger
Creators: name: Solomon, Kahsay
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2018

description: Citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid which is soluble in water with a pleasant taste. It is an important acid used in food Industries. It exists in nature when carbohydrates are oxidized to carbon dioxide. Because of its high solubility, palatability and low toxicity it can be used in food, biochemical, and pharmaceutical industries. The aim of this study is to produce citric acid by Aspergillus niger using banana peel as a substrate and to evaluate its quality and concentration. In this study, the utilization of banana peel to use as a raw material for citric acid production under different fermentation conditions with solid state fermentation method in the laboratory using 250 mL Erlenmeyer flask as the small-scale laboratory fermenter was investigated. Design of experiment (DOE) for response surface methodology (RSM) was used to analyze and optimize the simultaneous effect of solid substrate loading (18g, 36g, and 54 g), incubation time (3days, 6days and 9days) and fermentation temperature (25 ⁰C, 30 ⁰C and 35 ⁰C) on citric acid production. The minimum citric acid was found to be 28.39 g/L at 36 g, 3 days, and 25 ⁰C. A maximum citric acid yield of 45.55 g/l was achieved under optimal experimental conditions (36 g, 6 days and 30 ⁰C). A three-variable, three-level Box-Behnken design was used to develop a statistical model to describe the relationship between citric acid concentration and the chosen independent variables and to optimize the production of citric acid using RSM. The model was statistically significant (p ˂0.0001) with a low standard deviation (0.66). Besides, it did not show lack of fit (R 2 =0.9948) and the Pred R-Squared of 0.9353 is in reasonable agreement with the Adj R-Squared of 0.9880. Citric acid production was significant at moderate levels of solid loading, incubation time and fermentation temperature. From the model regression equation developed, the linear terms of temperature and time had a positive effect and a substrate loading had a negative effect on response yield. A maximum citric acid yield of 45.59 g/L was also achieved under selected optimum values (31.92 g, 5.82 days and 31.55 ⁰C) with high value of combined desirability. Validation of the statistical model showed an insignificant difference between experimental and model-predicted results
title: Meteoric 10-Be as a tracer for water infiltration into deep weathering zones along a climate gradient
Creators: name: Krone, Laura
name: Wittmann, Hella
name: von Blanckenburg, Friedhelm
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In a semi-arid and a mediterranean study site in the granitoid Chilean Coastal Cordillera, we investigated drilled weathering profiles of 100 m depth and found significant differences in the depth of the weathering zone. Where rainfall is limited, fractures may be transport pathways for water to depth, inducing deep weathering. With more rainfall present, diffusive water transport through pore spaces allows surficial weathering in the profiles.

These distinct modes of water infiltration can be traced with the meteoric cosmogenic nuclide 10Be (T1/2 = 1.4 My) while stable 9Be is released during silicate weathering. By combining these isotopes, a 10Be/9Be ratio emerges in fluids that traces water infiltration and the element release by weathering. This isotope ratio is preserved in the “reactive” form as attached to amorphous Fe-oxides.

Concentrations of reactive Be ([Be]reac) were determined in soil, saprolite, bedrock, and fracture surface samples. Both study sites show an increase in [9Be]reac towards the surface. [9Be]reac is higher on fracture surfaces compared to soil and saprolite, indicating that fractures and pore spaces are conduits for water flow. [10Be]reac decrease from surface to depth in soil and saprolite, reaching detection limit at 2 m in the semi-arid, and at 25 m in the mediterranean study site. [10Be]reac in deep fracture samples are close to detection limit although high [9Be]reac indicate Be mobility by water flow. Decay and/or adsorption of 10Be during transport, or insufficiently low water infiltration, may explain why so little 10Be is found on fracture surface and at depth.
Superconductivity and Fast Proton Transport in Nanoconfined Water
Creators: name: Johnson, K. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A real-space molecular-orbital description of Cooper pairing in conjunction with the dynamic Jahn-Teller mechanism for high-Tc superconductivity predicts that electron-doped water confined to the nanoscale environment of a carbon nanotube or biological macromolecule should superconduct below and exhibit fast proton transport above the transition temperature, Tc = 230 degK (-43 degC).