cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Influence Of Integrating Wearables And AI  For Chronic Disease Management
Creators: name: GamesCheats, GamesCheats
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular conditions, and respiratory illnesses represent some of the most persistent and resource-intensive challenges in modern healthcare. With the increasing global burden of these conditions, the healthcare industry is turning to digital technologies for sustainable solutions. This paper explores the integration of wearable technology and artificial intelligence (AI) as a transformative approach to managing chronic diseases. Wearables, equipped with sensors and connectivity features, continuously collect real-time physiological data such as heart rate, glucose levels, and physical activity. When combined with AI-driven analytics, this data becomes a powerful tool for early detection, personalized treatment, and continuous monitoring. The paper examines the core technologies underpinning wearable-AI synergy, reviews current applications across chronic disease domains, and evaluates ethical, regulatory, and operational considerations. Additionally, it outlines challenges such as data fragmentation, user adherence, and algorithmic transparency. Future innovations like federated learning, smart fabrics, and explainable AI hold immense promise in improving the scalability and reliability of these systems. Through a comprehensive analysis, this study underscores how wearable and AI integration can revolutionize chronic disease care, shifting healthcare from reactive treatment to proactive, data-driven intervention.
Fast Increase of Nanofluidic Slip in Supercooled Water: the Key Role of Dynamics
Creators: name: Herrero, Cecilia
name: Tocci, Gabriele
name: Merabia, Samy
name: Joly, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanofluidics is an emerging field offering innovative solutions for energy harvesting and desalination. The efficiency of these applications depends strongly on liquid-solid slip, arising from a favorable ratio between viscosity and interfacial friction. Using molecular dynamics simulations, we show that wall slip increases strongly when water is cooled below its melting point. For water on graphene, the slip length is multiplied by up to a factor of five and reaches $230$nm at the lowest simulated temperature, $T \sim 225$K; experiments in nanopores can reach much lower temperatures and could reveal even more drastic changes. The predicted fast increase in water slip can also be detected at supercoolings reached experimentally in bulk water, as well as in droplets flowing on anti-icing surfaces. We explain the anomalous slip behavior in the supercooled regime by a decoupling between viscosity and bulk density relaxation dynamics, and we rationalize the wall-type dependency of the enhancement in terms of interfacial density relaxation dynamics. By providing fundamental insights on the molecular mechanisms of hydrodynamic transport in both interfacial and bulk water in the supercooled regime, this study is relevant to the design of anti-icing surfaces and it also paves the way to explore new behaviors in supercooled nanofluidic systems.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
title: Comparison of Low- vs. High-Dimensional Machine Learning Approaches for Sheet Metal Drawability Assessment
Creators: name: Lehrer, Tobias
name: Stocker, Philipp
name: Duddeck, Fabian
name: Wagner, Marcus
Publisher: name: International Centre for Numerical Methods in Engineering
Year: 2023

description: Developing new deep-drawn sheet metal parts is a challenging task due to conflicting demands for low costs, durability, and crash properties. Ensuring manufacturability throughout geometrical changes adds to the complexity, leading engineers to rely on experience-driven iterative design changes that compromise requirements and lack reproducibility. Finite Element (FE) simulation models are employed to ensure manufacturability, albeit at the expense of high computational costs and delays in part development. To improve efficiency, a Machine learning (ML)-centered approach was proposed to ensure manufacturability. However, the limited availability of data raises uncertainty about whether a low- or high-dimensional ML approach is most suitable for drawability assessment. This work compares the accuracy of a low-dimensional, feature-based Linear Support Vector surrogate and an adapted high-dimensional PointNet model under different dataset sizes. The dataset is composed of parametrically generated, U-shaped structural sheet metal parts. We use a one-step simulation scheme and evaluate results with a Forming Limit Diagram (FLD) to label drawability. Results show the point of transition to be at about 500 training samples, from which onwards Deep learning is advantageous. Moreover, the generalizability of these models is tested on a second dataset with topologically similar components. This is to assess the potential for a geometrically more comprehensive evaluation. We discuss several influences on model performances and outline future potentials.
ExSample: Efficient Searches on Video Repositories through Adaptive Sampling
Creators: name: Moll, Oscar
name: Bastani, Favyen
name: Madden, Sam
name: Stonebraker, Mike
name: Gadepally, Vijay
name: Kraska, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capturing and processing video is increasingly common as cameras become cheaper to deploy. At the same time, rich video understanding methods have progressed greatly in the last decade. As a result, many organizations now have massive repositories of video data, with applications in mapping, navigation, autonomous driving, and other areas. Because state-of-the-art object detection methods are slow and expensive, our ability to process even simple ad-hoc object search queries ('find 100 traffic lights in dashcam video') over this accumulated data lags far behind our ability to collect it. Processing video at reduced sampling rates is a reasonable default strategy for these types of queries, however, the ideal sampling rate is both data and query dependent. We introduce ExSample, a low cost framework for object search over unindexed video that quickly processes search queries by adapting the amount and location of sampled frames to the particular data and query being processed. ExSample prioritizes the processing of frames in a video repository so that processing is focused in portions of video that most likely contain objects of interest. It continually re-prioritizes processing based on feedback from previously processed frames. On large, real-world datasets, ExSample reduces processing time by up to 6x over an efficient random sampling baseline and by several orders of magnitude over state-of-the-art methods that train specialized per-query surrogate models. ExSample is thus a key component in building cost-efficient video data management systems.
Random walks with fractally correlated traps: Stretched exponential and power law survival kinetics
Creators: name: Plyukhin, Dan
name: Plyukhin, Alex V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the survival probability $f(t)$ of a random walk with a constant hopping rate $w$ on a host lattice of fractal dimension $d$ and spectral dimension $d_s\le 2$, with spatially correlated traps. The traps form a sublattice with fractal dimension $d_aw$, including the limit of perfect traps $w_a\to \infty$, the stretched exponential regime is absent and the decay of $f(t)$ follows, after a short transient, the aforementioned power law for all times.
description: To appear in Phys. Rev. E, 13 pages, 10 figures
Parametric resonance of magnetization excited by electric field
Creators: name: Chen, Yu-Jin
name: Lee, Han Kyu
name: Verba, Roman
name: Katine, Jordan A.
name: Barsukov, Igor
name: Tiberkevich, Vasil
name: Xiao, John Q.
name: Slavin, Andrei N.
name: Krivorotov, Ilya N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Manipulation of magnetization by electric field is a central goal of spintronics because it enables energy-efficient operation of spin-based devices. Spin wave devices are promising candidates for low-power information processing but a method for energy-efficient excitation of short-wavelength spin waves has been lacking. Here we show that spin waves in nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions can be generated via parametric resonance induced by electric field. Parametric excitation of magnetization is a versatile method of short-wavelength spin wave generation, and thus our results pave the way towards energy-efficient nanomagnonic devices.
mm-wave Rydberg-Rydberg resonances as a witness of intermolecular coupling in the arrested relaxation of a molecular ultracold plasma
Creators: name: Wang, R.
name: Sous, J.
name: Aghigh, M.
name: Marroquín, K. L.
name: Grant, K. M.
name: Martins, F. B. V.
name: Keller, J. S.
name: Grant, E. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Out-of-equilibrium, strong correlation in a many-body system triggers emergent properties that can act in important ways to constrain the natural dissipation of energy and matter. Networks of atoms, intricately engineered to arrange positions and tune interaction energies, exhibit striking dynamics. But, strong correlation itself can also act to restrict available phase space. Relaxation confined by strong correlation gives rise to scale invariance and density distributions characteristic of self-organized criticality. For some time, we have observed signs of self-organization in the avalanche, bifurcation and quench of a state-selected Rydberg gas of nitric oxide to form an ultracold, strongly correlated ultracold plasma. The robust arrested relaxation of this system forms a disordered state with quantum-mechanical properties that appear to support a coherent destruction of transport. Work reported here focuses on initial stages of avalanche and quench, using the mm-wave spectroscopy of an embedded quantum probe to characterize the intermolecular interaction dynamics associated with the evolution to plasma. Double-resonance excitation prepares a Rydberg gas of nitric oxide composed of a single selected state, $n_0f(2)$. Penning ionization, followed by an avalanche of electron-Rydberg collisions, forms a plasma of NO$^+$ ions and weakly bound electrons, in which a residual population of $n_0$ Rydberg molecules evolves to high-$\ell$. At long times, $n_0\ell(2) \rightarrow (n_0 \pm 1)d(2)$ depletion resonances signal collision-free energy redistribution in the basis of central-field Rydberg states. The widths and asymmetries of Fano lineshapes witness the degree to which coupling to the arrested bath broadens the bright state as well as how bright-state predissociation mixes the network of levels in the localized ensemble.
description: corrected Fig 4
Common envelope events with low-mass giants: understanding the energy budget
Creators: name: Nandez, Jose L. A.
name: Ivanova, Natalia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Common envelope events are important interactions between two binary stars that lead to the formation of close binary systems. We present here a systematic three-dimensional study in which we model common envelope events with low-mass giant donors. The results allow us to revise the energy formalism that is usually used to determine common envelope event outcomes. We show that the energy budget for this type of system should include the recombination energy, and that it also must take into account that a significant fraction of the released orbital energy is taken away by the ejecta. We provide three ways in which our results can be used by binary population synthesis studies: a relation that links the observed post-common envelope binary with the initial binary parameters, a fitting formula for the $α_{\rm ce}λ$ parameter of the standard energy formalism, and a revised energy formalism that takes into account both the recombination energy and the energy that is taken away by the ejecta.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, MNRAS accepted
Construction of a surface integral under local Malliavin assumption and integration by parts formulae
Creators: name: Bonaccorsi, Stefano
name: Da Prato, Giuseppe
name: Tubaro, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15, 28C20

description: In this paper, we consider convex sets $K_r = \{g \ge r\}$ in an infinite dimensional Hilbert space, where $g$ is suitably related to a reference Gaussian measure $μ$ in $H$. We first show how to define a surface measure on the level sets $\{g = r\}$ that is related to $μ$. This allows to introduce an integration-by-parts formula in $H$. This formula can be applied in several important constructions, as for instance the case where $μ$ is the law of a (Gaussian) stochastic process and $H$ is the space of its trajectories
description: 22 pages
A Low-Order Method for Prediction of Separation and Stall on Unswept Wings
Creators: name: Hosangadi, Pranav
name: Gopalarathnam, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A low-order method is presented for aerodynamic prediction of wings operating at near-stall and post-stall flight conditions. The method is intended for use in design, modeling, and simulation. In this method, the flow separation due to stall is modeled in a vortex-lattice framework as an effective reduction in the camber, or "decambering." For each section of the wing, a parabolic decambering flap, hinged at the separation location of the section, is calculated through iteration to ensure that the lift and moment coefficients of the section match with the values from the two-dimensional viscous input curves for the effective angle of attack of the section. As an improvement from earlier low-order methods, this method also predicts the separation pattern on the wing. Results from the method, presented for unswept wings having various airfoils, aspect ratios, taper ratios, and small, quasi-steady roll rates, are shown to agree well with experimental results in the literature, and computational solutions obtained as part of the current work.
description: 29 pages, 28 figures. Submitted to Journal of Aircraft
Evolution of Disc Thickness in Simulated High-Redshift Galaxies
Creators: name: Meng, Xi
name: Gnedin, Oleg Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the growth of stellar discs of Milky Way-sized galaxies using a suite of cosmological simulations. We calculate the half-mass axis lengths and axis ratios of stellar populations split by age in isolated galaxies with stellar mass $M_* = 10^7 - 10^{10} M_{\odot}$ at redshifts $z$ > 1.5. We find that in our simulations stars always form in relatively thin discs, and at ages below 100 Myr are contained within half-mass height $z_{1/2}$ ~ 0.1 kpc and short-to-long axis ratio $z_{1/2}/x_{1/2}$ ~ 0.15. Disc thickness increases with the age of stellar population, reaching median $z_{1/2}$ ~ 0.8 kpc and $z_{1/2}/x_{1/2}$ ~ 0.6 for stars older than 500 Myr. We trace the same group of stars over the simulation snapshots and show explicitly that their intrinsic shape grows more spheroidal over time. We identify a new mechanism that contributes to the observed disc thickness: rapid changes in the orientation of the galactic plane mix the configuration of young stars. The frequently mentioned "upside-down" formation scenario of galactic discs, which posits that young stars form in already thick discs at high redshift, may be missing this additional mechanism of quick disc inflation. The actual formation of stars within a fairly thin plane is consistent with the correspondingly flat configuration of dense molecular gas that fuels star formation.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Giftness problem and Staging of Math Education (according to the I.S.Rubanov paper "Method of Mathematical induction")
Creators: name: Belov, A. Ya.
name: Yavich, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 97C

description: One can notice that quite often difference between so-called "standard students" and "gifted" ones is not because that first are less smart, but they have different "orientation", they consider subject as a collections of rules which should not be broken. The first aim is to overcame this dogmatic point of view on this subject, and only after that possible to judge a person to be talented one or not. This is the first stage of math education, the material needs just to serve it. The technology of overcoming this wrong relation to subject is discoursed in spirit of the I.S.Rubanov paper "Method of Mathematical induction" (see chapter 9, http://www.ams.org/books/mawrld/007/). Giftness problems and staging of math (and scientific) education are discoursed.
description: 6 pages, In Russian
Effect of surface-mantle water exchange parameterizations on exoplanet ocean depths
Creators: name: Komacek, Thaddeus D.
name: Abbot, Dorian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial exoplanets in the canonical habitable zone may have a variety of initial water fractions due to random volatile delivery by planetesimals. If the total planetary water complement is high, the entire surface may be covered in water, forming a "waterworld." On a planet with active tectonics, competing mechanisms act to regulate the abundance of water on the surface by determining the partitioning of water between interior and surface. Here we explore how the incorporation of different mechanisms for the degassing and regassing of water changes the volatile evolution of a planet. For all of the models considered, volatile cycling reaches an approximate steady-state after $\sim 2 \ \mathrm{Gyr}$. Using these steady-states, we find that if volatile cycling is either solely dependent on temperature or seafloor pressure, exoplanets require a high abundance ($\gtrsim 0.3\%$ of total mass) of water to have fully inundated surfaces. However, if degassing is more dependent on seafloor pressure and regassing mainly dependent on mantle temperature, the degassing rate is relatively large at late times and a steady-state between degassing and regassing is reached with a substantial surface water fraction. If this hybrid model is physical, super-Earths with a total water fraction similar to that of the Earth can become waterworlds. As a result, further understanding of the processes that drive volatile cycling on terrestrial planets is needed to determine the water fraction at which they are likely to become waterworlds.
description: Accepted at ApJ
Postkartenvorlage 3-2-1 Backup-Regel
Creators: name: Schreyer, Lioba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: FDM
Forschungsdatenmanagement
Forschungsdaten
Awarenessmaterialien
Backup-Regel

description: Drei Kopien der Datei erstellen, auf zwei Speichermedien ablegen, eine Kopie dezentral speichern - die 3-2-1 Backup-Regel ist in FDM-Kreisen bereits bekannt. Um sie auch darüber hinaus zu verbreiten, kann die Postkartenvorlage erstellt von der Landesinitiative fdm.nrw nachgenutzt werden. Die Vorlage wurde mit Powerpoint erstellt, sodass sie einfach und ohne Erfahrungen in der Mediengestaltung verändert und nachgenutzt werden kann. Nutzer*innen können ihr eigenes Logo, beispielsweise an der vorgeschlagenen Stelle, einfügen, die Farben weitgehen ändern oder Symbole austauschen. Dann kann die Vorlage zum Druck von Postkarten genutzt und mit einem USB-Stick (für Schritt 2 der Regel) an Forschende verteilt werden. So wird nicht nur für gutes FDM sensibilisiert, sondern anwendbares Wissen ansprechend, kurz und knapp verbreitet. In der zweiten Version der nachnutzbaren Powerpoint-Datei wurden einzele Elemente der ursprünglichen Postkarte abgeändert und zwei weitere Versionen als Beispiele zur Nachnutzung eingefügt. Außerdem beinhaltet die Datei eine Folie mit Hinweisen zu Anpassung.
Geometry-Inspired Top-k Adversarial Perturbations
Creators: name: Tursynbek, Nurislam
name: Petiushko, Aleksandr
name: Oseledets, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The brittleness of deep image classifiers to small adversarial input perturbations has been extensively studied in the last several years. However, the main objective of existing perturbations is primarily limited to change the correctly predicted Top-1 class by an incorrect one, which does not intend to change the Top-k prediction. In many digital real-world scenarios Top-k prediction is more relevant. In this work, we propose a fast and accurate method of computing Top-k adversarial examples as a simple multi-objective optimization. We demonstrate its efficacy and performance by comparing it to other adversarial example crafting techniques. Moreover, based on this method, we propose Top-k Universal Adversarial Perturbations, image-agnostic tiny perturbations that cause the true class to be absent among the Top-k prediction for the majority of natural images. We experimentally show that our approach outperforms baseline methods and even improves existing techniques of finding Universal Adversarial Perturbations.
description: WACV 2022
Measuring the State of the Art of Automated Pathway Curation Using Graph Algorithms - A Case Study of the mTOR Pathway
Creators: name: Spranger, Michael
name: Palaniappan, Sucheendra K.
name: Ghosh, Samik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This paper evaluates the difference between human pathway curation and current NLP systems. We propose graph analysis methods for quantifying the gap between human curated pathway maps and the output of state-of-the-art automatic NLP systems. Evaluation is performed on the popular mTOR pathway. Based on analyzing where current systems perform well and where they fail, we identify possible avenues for progress.
We Can't Stop Thinking About It: Sexual Misconduct, Feminism and Documentary Storytelling
Creators: name: Stanley, Grace
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Feminism
Intersectional
Sexual Misconduct
Sexual Violence
Documentary film
Documentary Storytelling
Humanities Honors

description: Documentary Film Link: https://vimeo.com/417469535/1378eba4eb
description: In this paper, I contextualize the topic of sexual misconduct at the University of Texas to the fields of documentary film theories and practices, intersectional feminism and the study of rape culture in the United States. I explore my personal experience learning about sexual misconduct at my school, meeting protesters on campus, filming the Coalition Against Sexual Misconduct (a student protest organization), editing the film and my take-aways from creating We Can’t Stop Thinking About It. My hope is that people reading and watching my thesis will reflect on sexual misconduct procedures in the education system, think about the consequences of those procedures and consider change.
Accelerated Dual Averaging Methods for Decentralized Constrained Optimization
Creators: name: Liu, Changxin
name: Shi, Yang
name: Li, Huiping
name: Du, Wenli
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, we study decentralized convex constrained optimization problems in networks. We focus on the dual averaging-based algorithmic framework that is well-documented to be superior in handling constraints and complex communication environments simultaneously. Two new decentralized dual averaging (DDA) algorithms are proposed. In the first one, a second-order dynamic average consensus protocol is tailored for DDA-type algorithms, which equips each agent with a provably more accurate estimate of the global dual variable than conventional schemes. We rigorously prove that the proposed algorithm attains $\mathcal{O}(1/t)$ convergence for general convex and smooth problems, for which existing DDA methods were only known to converge at $\mathcal{O}(1/\sqrt{t})$ prior to our work. In the second one, we use the extrapolation technique to accelerate the convergence of DDA. Compared to existing accelerated algorithms, where typically two different variables are exchanged among agents at each time, the proposed algorithm only seeks consensus on local gradients. Then, the extrapolation is performed based on two sequences of primal variables which are determined by the accumulations of gradients at two consecutive time instants, respectively. The algorithm is proved to converge at $\mathcal{O}(1)\left(\frac{1}{t^2}+\frac{1}{t(1-β)^2}\right)$, where $β$ denotes the second largest singular value of the mixing matrix. We remark that the condition for the algorithmic parameter to guarantee convergence does not rely on the spectrum of the mixing matrix, making itself easy to satisfy in practice. Finally, numerical results are presented to demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed methods.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Cortically based optimal transport
Creators: name: Galeotti, Mattia
name: Citti, Giovanna
name: Sarti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49Q22 (Primary) 51F30, 28A33, 47J35

description: We introduce a model for image morphing in the primary visual cortex V1 to perform completion of missing images in time. We model the output of simple cells through a family of Gabor filters and the propagation of the neural signal accordingly to the functional geometry induced by horizontal connectivity. Then we model the deformation between two images as a path relying two different outputs. This path is obtained by optimal transport considering the Wasserstein distance geodesics associated to some probability measures naturally induced by the outputs on V1. The frame of Gabor filters allows to project back the output path, therefore obtaining an associated image stimulus deformation. We perform a numerical implementation of our cortical model, assessing its ability in reconstructing rigidi motions of simple shapes.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Linear Mode-Mixing of Phonons with Trapped Ions
Creators: name: Marshall, Kevin
name: James, Daniel F. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method to manipulate the normal modes in a chain of trapped ions using only two lasers. Linear chains of trapped ions have proven experimentally to be highly controllable quantum systems with a variety of refined techniques for preparation, evolution, and readout, however, typically for quantum information processing applications people have been interested in using the internal levels of the ions as the computational basis. We analyse the case where the motional degrees of freedom of the ions is the quantum system of interest, and where the internal levels are leveraged to facilitate interactions. In particular, we focus on an analysis of mode-mixing of phonons in different normal modes to mimic the quantum optical equivalent of a beam splitter.
Supplemental tables and figures.docx
Creators: name: Heirbaut, Stijn
name: Jing, Xiaoping
name: Stefanska, Barbara
name: Pruszyńska-Oszmałek, Ewa
name: Buysse, Liesbet
name: Lutakome, Pius
name: Zhang, Mingqi
name: Thys, Mirjan
name: Vandaele, Leen
name: Fievez, Veerle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Animal management

description: Supplemental tables and figures
Quantum phase transitions in a generalized compass chain with three-site interactions
Creators: name: You, Wen-Long
name: Qiu, Yu-Cheng
name: Oleś, Andrzej M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of one-dimensional compass models with XYZ$-$YZX-type of three-site exchange interaction in an external magnetic field. We present the exact solution derived by means of Jordan-Wigner transformation, and study the excitation gap, spin correlations, and establish the phase diagram. Besides the canted antiferromagnetic and polarized phases, the three-site interactions induce two distinct chiral phases, corresponding to gapless spinless-fermion systems having two or four Fermi points. We find that the $z$ component of scalar chirality operator can act as an order parameter for these chiral phases. We also find that the thermodynamic quantities including the Wilson ratio can characterize the liquid phases. Finally, a nontrivial magnetoelectric effect is explored, and we show that the polarization can be manipulated by the magnetic field in the absence of electric field.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
title: Gender, leadership and online news
title: How Scottish young people perceive constructions of women political leaders and digitally-mediated politics
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Barty-Taylor, Miranda
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Gender
Leadership
Digital literacies
Political discourse
Online news
Transitivity

description: This research examines attitudes among young people in Scotland towards women politicians. I analysed constructions and self-constructions of women leaders in online political news and the leaders’ reception by Scottish teenagers. I conducted Feminist Critical Discourse Analysis of digital representations of three party-leaders: Nicola Sturgeon, Ruth Davidson and Kezia Dugdale. I analysed semantic agency conferred via verbal processes, social actor representations and images. The leaders were predominantly constructed using verbal processes with a high level of semantic agency. These progressive constructions were undermined by instances of gendered discourses in clickbait headlines, images, reported speech and embedded tweets. Digital practices in news-generation affects representations of gendered power in new ways. The leaders’ self-constructions differed substantially; Dugdale used fewer agentive processes than Sturgeon or Davidson. The focus group data mirrored this; Sturgeon and Davidson were perceived as strong leaders, Dugdale as ineffectual. I presented digital stimuli to Scottish young people in focus groups to elicit discussion about the leaders and digital politics. Stimuli foregrounding hegemonic gendered representations elicited similar responses. Yet participants positively evaluated the leaders’ debating skills, signalling a normalisation of women in the public sphere, and read passion as synonymous with power, suggesting that conventionally defined characteristics of femininity are being recoded from ‘weak’ to ‘strong.’ Participants were knowledgeable about digital image-management. Their observations of authenticity were recurrent regarding ‘staged’ photographs, public speaking skills and politicians tweeting. They also displayed understanding of the motivations and impact of content-creators’ choices in online news. They held strong opinions about Twitter as an inappropriate site for political debate. Overall, encouragingly, numerous hegemonic representations were resisted by both content-creators and young people - but women leaders’ symbolic exclusion from authoritative leadership has mutated into online discursive news practices. Strategies may be identified to regulate genre conventions and digital practices to construct women without relying on gendered discourses.
Supplemental tables and figures.docx
Creators: name: Heirbaut, Stijn
name: Jing, Xiaoping
name: Stefanska, Barbara
name: Pruszyńska-Oszmałek, Ewa
name: Buysse, Liesbet
name: Lutakome, Pius
name: Zhang, Mingqi
name: Thys, Mirjan
name: Vandaele, Leen
name: Fievez, Veerle
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animal management

description: Supplemental tables and figures
Charmenability of arithmetic groups of product type
Creators: name: Bader, Uri
name: Boutonnet, Rémi
name: Houdayer, Cyril
name: Peterson, Jesse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22D10, 22D25, 22E40, 37B05, 46L10, 46L30

description: We discuss special properties of the spaces of characters and positive definite functions, as well as their associated dynamics, for arithmetic groups of product type. Axiomatizing these properties, we define the notions of charmenability and charfiniteness and study their applications to the topological dynamics, ergodic theory and unitary representation theory of the given groups. To do that, we study singularity properties of equivariant normal ucp maps between certain von Neumann algebras. We apply our discussion also to groups acting on product of trees.
description: 39 pages. v3: minor modifications. To appear in Invent. Math
Quest for magicity in hypernuclei
Creators: name: Ikram, M.
name: Kumar, Bharat
name: Biswal, S. K.
name: Patra, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In present study, we search the lambda magic number in hypernuclei within the framework of relativistic mean field theory (RMF) with inclusion of hyperon-nucleon and hyperon-hyperon potentials. Based on one- and two-lambda separation energy and two-lambda shell gap, 2, 8, 14, 18, 20, 28, 34, 40, 50, 58, 68, 70 and 82 are suggested to be the $Λ$ magic number within the present approach. The weakening strength of $Λ$ spin-orbit interaction is responsible for emerging the new lambda shell closure other than the model scheme. The predicted $Λ$ magic numbers are in remarkable agreement with earlier predictions and hypernuclear magicity quite resembles with nuclear magicity. %Our results also support the nuclear magicity, Our results are supported by nuclear magicity, where neutron number N = 34 is experimentally observed as a magic which is one of the $Λ$ closed shell in our predictions. In addition, the stability of hypernuclei is also examined by calculating the binding energy per particle, where Ni hypernucleus is found to be most tightly bound triply magic system in considered hypernuclei. Nucleon and lambda density distributions are observed and it is found that introduced $Λ$'s have significant impact on total density and reduces the central depression of the core nucleus. Nucleon and lambda mean field potentials and spin-orbit interaction potentials are also observed for predicted triply magic hypernuclei and the addition of $Λ$'s affect the both the potentials to a large extent. The single-particle energy levels are also analyzed to explain the shell gaps for triply magic multi-$Λ$ hypernuclei.
Gluon fusion contribution to $HBB$ ($B = H,γ, Z$) at the LHC
Creators: name: Shivaji, Ambresh
name: Agrawal, Pankaj
name: Saha, Debashis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have calculated one-loop amplitudes for the production of Higgs boson in association with two electroweak bosons ($H,γ,Z$) via gluon-gluon fusion. We present preliminary results for the total cross section at 8, 13 and 100 TeV center-of-mass energies at $pp$ colliders. We study the interference effect and, also comment on the effect of new physics in terms of anomalous couplings of the Higgs boson in these processes.
description: Proceedings for QCD@Work 2016
RG-Flow: A hierarchical and explainable flow model based on renormalization group and sparse prior
Creators: name: Hu, Hong-Ye
name: Wu, Dian
name: You, Yi-Zhuang
name: Olshausen, Bruno
name: Chen, Yubei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flow-based generative models have become an important class of unsupervised learning approaches. In this work, we incorporate the key ideas of renormalization group (RG) and sparse prior distribution to design a hierarchical flow-based generative model, RG-Flow, which can separate information at different scales of images and extract disentangled representations at each scale. We demonstrate our method on synthetic multi-scale image datasets and the CelebA dataset, showing that the disentangled representations enable semantic manipulation and style mixing of the images at different scales. To visualize the latent representations, we introduce receptive fields for flow-based models and show that the receptive fields of RG-Flow are similar to those of convolutional neural networks. In addition, we replace the widely adopted isotropic Gaussian prior distribution by the sparse Laplacian distribution to further enhance the disentanglement of representations. From a theoretical perspective, our proposed method has $O(\log L)$ complexity for inpainting of an image with edge length $L$, compared to previous generative models with $O(L^2)$ complexity.
description: 31 pages, 20 figures, 3 tables
Existence, location, possession, and copula in Malabar Indo-Portuguese
Creators: name: Krajinović, Ana
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: copula
subject: existence
subject: location
subject: possession
subject: Malabar Indo-Portuguese
subject: creole
subject: 400 Sprache

description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: This paper offers a diachronic and a contact-based analysis of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in Malabar Indo-Portuguese creole (MIP). The existential, locative, and possessive predicates are all expressed with the copulative verb tæ, and nominal and property-denoting predicates can either have the copula tæ or zero copula. I analyze these copulative constructions by establishing their sources in the Portuguese lexifier and Malayalam substrate/adstrate. I show that although the Portuguese verbs ter ‘have’ and estar ‘be’ have paved the way to the semantics of tæ, Malayalam had a strong impact on the morphosyntax and semantics of existential, locative, possessive, and copulative constructions in MIP. This influence is most notable in the case of possessives, which take dative subjects. These findings are compared to the relevant structures in other South Asian languages and show that the existence of locative possession is a strong areal feature of South Asia. I also show that the variability of copula usage in nominal and property-denoting predicates can be explained by variable input from Portuguese and Malayalam copulative constructions. One of the most salient features influenced by Malayalam is the choice of what are etymologically Portuguese nouns instead of adjectives in property-denoting predicates.
Commuting Network Spillovers and COVID-19 Deaths Across US Counties
Creators: name: Seto, Christopher
name: Khademi, Aria
name: Graif, Corina
name: Honavar, Vasant G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This study explored how population mobility flows form commuting networks across US counties and influence the spread of COVID-19. We utilized 3-level mixed effects negative binomial regression models to estimate the impact of network COVID-19 exposure on county confirmed cases and deaths over time. We also conducted weighting-based analyses to estimate the causal effect of network exposure. Results showed that commuting networks matter for COVID-19 deaths and cases, net of spatial proximity, socioeconomic, and demographic factors. Different local racial and ethnic concentrations are also associated with unequal outcomes. These findings suggest that commuting is an important causal mechanism in the spread of COVID-19 and highlight the significance of interconnected of communities. The results suggest that local level mitigation and prevention efforts are more effective when complemented by similar efforts in the network of connected places. Implications for research on inequality in health and flexible work arrangements are discussed.
description: Accepted for Presentation at The Population Association of America 2021
On the mod $p$ unramified cohomology of varieties having universally trivial Chow group of zero-cycles
Creators: name: Otabe, Shusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Auel-Bigazzi-Böhning-Graf von Bothmer proved that if a proper smooth variety $X$ over a field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$ has universally trivial Chow group of $0$-cycles, the cohomological Brauer group of $X$ is universally trivial as well. In this paper, we generalize their argument to arbitrary unramified mod $p$ étale motivic cohomology groups. We also see that the properness assumption on the variety $X$ can be dropped off by using the Suslin homology together with a certain tame subgroup of the unramified cohomology group.
description: Revised following referee's comments
The development of novel experimental strategies for elucidating the role of tryptophan metabolism in the neuropsychopathology of Human African Trypanosomiasis
Creators: name: Fathallah, Nadin
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2020

description: Trypanosoma brucei is an extracellular protozoan parasite that causes Human African Trypanosomiasis. Trypanosomes are found in the blood, lymphatic system, adipose tissue, and skin during the early stage infection, and additionally in the brain in the late stage infection. The late stage is characterised by neuropsychiatric symptoms and sleep disorder that occur through an undefined mechanism. Trypanosomes cultured in vitro significantly deplete tryptophan from the media, using it in both protein synthesis and transamination reactions. In mammals, as well as forming an essential component of the kynurenine pathway, with both neurotoxic and neuroprotective branches, tryptophan is also the precursor of serotonin and melatonin, which are both implicated in sleep regulation. Research has also shown changes in brain tryptophan levels and increased 5-Hydroxytryptophan in stage II clinical samples. In this thesis, I will investigate the connection between parasite localisation, tryptophan metabolism, and behaviour in a murine model of late stage HAT. Ex vivo imaging data using red-shifted luciferase expressing parasites reveals parasite localisation to many organs during early stage infection. HPLC-based analysis of brain tissue confirmed changes in in vivo tryptophan levels across the course of infection. Functional brain imaging found evidence for altered brain glucose metabolism and behavioural characterisation identified impaired locomotor, but not impaired learning and memory, in late stage HAT. Taken together this data suggests a correlation between parasite localisation, tryptophan metabolism and behavioural changes that may be clinically relevant. In addition, in the final chapter of this thesis I outline the development of genetically modified Trypanosomes that will allow future characterisation of the relationship between parasite tryptophan metabolism and the changes seen in host brain function and behaviour.
Materials Pushing the Application Limits of Wire Grid Polarizers further into the Deep Ultraviolet Spectral Range
Creators: name: Siefke, Thomas
name: Kroker, Stefanie
name: Pfeiffer, Kristin
name: Puffky, Oliver
name: Dietrich, Kay
name: Franta, Daniel
name: Ohlídal, Ivan
name: Szeghalmi, Adriana
name: Kley, Ernst-Bernhard
name: Tünnermann, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 78A99

description: Wire grid polarizers (WGPs), periodic nano-optical meta-surfaces, are convenient polarizing elements for many optical applications. However, they are still inadequate in the deep ultraviolet spectral range. We show that to achieve high performance ultraviolet WGPs a material with large absolute value of the complex permittivity and extinction coefficient at the wavelength of interest has to be utilized. This requirement is compared to refractive index models considering intraband and interband absorption processes. We elucidate why the extinction ratio of metallic WGPs intrinsically humble in the deep ultraviolet, whereas wide bandgap semiconductors are superior material candidates in this spectral range. To demonstrate this, we present the design, fabrication and optical characterization of a titanium dioxide WGP. At a wavelength of 193 nm an unprecedented extinction ratio of 384 and a transmittance of 10 % is achieved.
description: 21 pages, Advanced Optical Materials 2016
Visualization of Complex Data: An overview of Military, Health and Education Expenditure of the G20 from 2010 to 2017
Creators: name: Salas, Sandra Valdes
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The objective of this project is to show diverse visualization techniques for complex data. The code was written in HTML and it uses Google Visualization API tools for creating and displaying the graphs. The project was part of a class of the Ms in Data Science of The George Washington University.
Electromagnetic Emission Produced by Three-wave Interactions in a Plasma with Continiously Injected Counterstreaming Electron Beams
Creators: name: Annenkov, V. V.
name: Volchok, E. P.
name: Timofeev, I. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three-wave interactions between Langmuir and electromagnetic waves in plasma with unstable electron flows are believed to be the main cause for type II and III solar radio emissions. The narrow band of type II bursts requires to assume that this radiation is generated in some local regions of shock fronts traveling in the solar corona, where the specific conditions for the enhancement of electromagnetic emissions near the plasma frequency harmonics are created. The reason for such enhancement at the second harmonic may be the formation of counter-streaming electron beams. There are different opinions in literature on whether the second harmonic electromagnetic emission in the presence of an additional beam can be efficient enough to markedly dominate emissions produced by a single beam. In the present paper, we carry out particle-in-cell simulations of the collision of two symmetric electron beams in plasma with open boundary conditions and show that the efficiency of beam-to-radiation power conversion can be significantly increased compared to models with periodic boundary conditions and reach the level of a few percent if three-wave interactions with electromagnetic waves near the second harmonic of the plasma frequency becomes available for the most unstable oblique beam driven modes.