cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Suzaku Observations of the North Polar Spur: Evidence for Nitrogen Enhancement
Creators: name: Miller, Eric D.
name: Tsunemi, Hiroshi
name: Bautz, Mark W.
name: McCammon, Dan
name: Fujimoto, Ryuichi
name: Hughes, John P.
name: Katsuda, Satoru
name: Kokubun, Motohide
name: Mitsuda, Kazuhisa
name: Porter, F. Scott
name: Takei, Yoh
name: Tsuboi, Yohko
name: Yamasaki, Noriko Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the North Polar Spur (NPS) using the X-ray Imaging Spectrometer (XIS) aboard the Suzaku X-ray satellite. The NPS is a large region of enhanced soft X-ray and radio emission projected above the plane of the Galaxy, likely produced by a series of supernovae and stellar winds from the nearby Sco-Cen OB association. The exceptional sensitivity and spectral resolution of the XIS below 1 keV allow unprecedented probing of low-energy spectral lines, including CVI (0.37 keV) and NVII (0.50 keV), and we have detected highly-ionized nitrogen toward the NPS for the first time. For this single pointing toward the brightest 3/4 keV emission (l = 26.8 deg, b = +22.0 deg), the best-fit NPS emission model implies a hot (kT ~ 0.3 keV), collisional ionization equilibrium (CIE) plasma with depleted C, O, Ne, Mg, and Fe abundances of less than 0.5 solar, but an enhanced N abundance, with N/O = 4.0 +0.4,-0.5 times solar. The temperature and total thermal energy of the gas suggest heating by one or more supernovae, while the enhanced nitrogen abundance is best explained by enrichment from stellar material that has been processed by the CNO cycle. Due to the time required to develop AGB stars, we conclude that this N/O enhancement cannot be caused by the Sco-Cen OB association, but may result from a previous enrichment episode in the solar neighborhood.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ (2nd Suzaku Special Issue)
Table-top creation of entangled multi-keV photon pairs via the Unruh effect
Creators: name: Schützhold, Ralf
name: Schaller, Gernot
name: Habs, Dietrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrons moving in a strong periodic electromagnetic field (e.g., laser or undulator) may convert quantum vacuum fluctuations into pairs of entangled photons, which can be understood as a signature of the Unruh effect. Apart from verifying this striking phenomenon, the considered effect may allow the construction of a table-top source for entangled photons (``photon pair laser'') and the associated quantum-optics applications in the multi-keV regime with near-future facilities. 04.62.+v, 12.20.Fv, 41.60.-m, 42.50.Dv.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Document Towers: A MATLAB software implementing a three-dimensional architectural paradigm for the visual exploration of digital documents and libraries
Creators: name: Atanasiu, Vlad
name: Ingold, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article introduces the generic Document Towers paradigm, visualization, and software for visualizing the structure of paginated documents, based on the metaphor of documents-as-architecture. The Document Towers visualizations resemble three-dimensional building models and represent the physical boundaries of logical (e.g., titles, images), semantic (e.g., topics, named entities), graphical (e.g., typefaces, colors), and other types of information with spatial extent as a stack of rooms and floors. The software takes as input user-supplied JSON-formatted coordinates and labels of document entities, or extracts them itself from ALTO and InDesign IDML files. The Document Towers paradigm and visualization enable information systems to support information behaviors other than goal-oriented searches. Visualization encourages exploration by generating panoramic overviews and fostering serendipitous insights, while the use of metaphors assists with comprehension of the representations through the application of a familiar cognitive model. Document Towers visualizations also provide access to types of information other than textual content, specifically by means of their physical structure, which corresponds to the material, logical, semantic, and contextual aspects of documents. Visualization renders documents transparent, making the invisible visible and facilitating analysis at a glance and without the need for physical manipulation. Keyword searches and other language-based interactions with documents must be clearly expressed and will return only answers to questions asked; by contrast, visual observation is well suited to fuzzy goals and uncovering unexpected aspects of the data.
description: Afferent Open Source software is found at https://github.com/ElsevierSoftwareX/SOFTX-D-21-00009
Opacity Build-up in Impulsive Relativistic Sources
Creators: name: Granot, Jonathan
name: Cohen-Tanugi, Johann
name: Silva, Eduardo do Couto e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Opacity effects in relativistic sources of high-energy gamma-rays, such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) or Blazars, can probe the Lorentz factor of the outflow and the distance of the emission site from the source, and thus help constrain the composition of the outflow (protons, pairs, magnetic field) and the emission mechanism. Most previous works consider the opacity in steady state. Here we study time dependent effects of the opacity to pair production ($γγ\to e^+e^-$) in impulsive relativistic sources. We present a simple, yet rich, semi-analytic model for the time and energy dependence of the optical depth, $τ$, where an ultra-relativistic thin spherical shell emits isotropically in its own rest frame over a finite range of radii, $R_0 < R < R_0 + ΔR$. This is very relevant for GRB internal shocks. We find that in an impulsive source ($ΔR ε_{1*}$ will arrive mainly near the onset of the spike or flare from to the short emission episode, as in impulsive sources it takes time to build-up the (target) photon field, and thus $τ(ε)$ initially increases with time and $ε_1(T)$ decreases with time, so that photons of energy $ε> ε_{1*}$ are able to escape the source mainly very early on while $ε_1(T) > ε$. As the source approaches a quasi-steady state ($ΔR >> R_0$), the time integrated spectrum develops an exponential cutoff, while the power-law tail becomes increasingly suppressed.
description: 67 pages, 13 figures, submitted to ApJ
Magnetoelastic Gilbert damping in magnetostrictive Fe$_{0.7}$Ga$_{0.3}$ thin films
Creators: name: Peria, William K.
name: Wang, Xinjun
name: Yu, Heshan
name: Lee, Seunghun
name: Takeuchi, Ichiro
name: Crowell, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an enhanced magnetoelastic contribution to the Gilbert damping in highly magnetostrictive Fe$_{0.7}$Ga$_{0.3}$ thin films. This effect is mitigated for perpendicular-to-plane fields, leading to a large anisotropy of the Gilbert damping in all of the films (up to a factor of 10 at room temperature). These claims are supported by broadband measurements of the ferromagnetic resonance linewidths over a range of temperatures (5 to 400 K), which serve to elucidate the effect of both the magnetostriction and phonon relaxation on the magnetoelastic Gilbert damping.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Die Forschung über die schwedischen Arbeiterparteien in den 70er und 80er Jahren: Einige Hauptzüge
Creators: name: Bjoerlin, Lars
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: This is the contribution "Die Forschung über die schwedischen Arbeiterparteien in den 70er und 80er Jahren: Einige Hauptzüge" of MTS 10 (1990).
description: Moving the Social, Vol 10 (1990): Forschungen zur Arbeiterschaft und Arbeiterbewegung in Schweden
LEXICAL-SEMANTIC FIELD OF "LAUGH" IN ENGLISH AND UZBEK IN TAXONOMIC ASPECT
Creators: name: Azimova, Muxtasarxon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article investigates the lexical-semantic field of "laugh" in English and Uzbek from a taxonomic perspective (Smith, 2020). The research aims to explore how the concept of laughter is linguistically represented in both languages, focusing on the categorization and hierarchical structuring of words and expressions related to laughter (Jones, 2018). By comparing the semantic fields of "laugh" in English and Uzbek, the study reveals key similarities and differences in how laughter-related vocabulary is organized and used within these languages (Brown, 2019).
Arbeiterbewegung und Verrat
Creators: name: Benser, Günter
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: Simone Barck/Ulla Plener (Hgg.): Verrat. Die Arbeiterbewegung zwischen Trauma und Trauer, Berlin 2009.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 44 (2010): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Temperature dependence of the impurity-induced resonant state in Zn-doped Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O$_{8+δ}$ by Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Kambara, H.
name: Niimi, Y.
name: Ishikado, M.
name: Uchida, S.
name: Fukuyama, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the temperature dependence of the impurity-induced resonant state in Zn-doped Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O$_{8+δ}$ by scanning tunneling spectroscopy at 30 mK < T < 52 K. It is known that a Zn impurity induces a sharp resonant peak in tunnel spectrum at an energy close to the Fermi level. We observed that the resonant peak survives up to 52 K. The peak broadens with increasing temperature, which is explained by the thermal effect. This result provides information to understand the origin of the resonant peak.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
MPEC 2023-Y93 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 December 28)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Europäisierung und Internationalisierung der Gewerkschaftsforschung
Creators: name: Mittag, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: Hans Wolfgang Platzer/Torsten Müller: Die globalen und europäischen Gewerkschaftsverbände. Handbuch und Analysen zur transnationalen Gewerkschaftspolitik, Berlin 2009.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 44 (2010): Forschungen und Forschungsberichte
Combining Dynamic Analysis and Visualization to Explore the Distribution of Unit Test Suites
Creators: name: Tahir, Amjed
name: MacDonell, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As software systems have grown in scale and complexity the test suites built alongside those systems have also become increasingly complex. Understanding key aspects of test suites, such as their coverage of production code, is important when maintaining or reengineering systems. This work investigates the distribution of unit tests in Open Source Software (OSS) systems through the visualization of data obtained from both dynamic and static analysis. Our long-term aim is to support developers in their understanding of test distribution and the relationship of tests to production code. We first obtain dynamic coupling information from five selected OSS systems and we then map the test and production code results. The mapping is shown in graphs that depict both the dependencies between classes and static test information. We analyze these graphs using Centrality metrics derived from graph theory and SNA. Our findings suggest that, for these five systems at least, unit test and dynamic coupling information 'do not match', in that unit tests do not appear to be distributed in line with the systems' dynamic coupling. We contend that, by mapping dynamic coupling data onto unit test information, and through the use of software metrics and visualization, we can locate central system classes and identify to which classes unit testing effort has (or has not) been dedicated.
description: Conference paper, 10 pages, 5 figures, 6 tables
The problem-solving strategies of grade two children : subtraction and division
Creators: name: Lloyd, Lorraine Gladys
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study was aimed at discovering the differences in how children responded to word problems involving an operation in which they had received formal instruction (subtraction) and word problems involving an operation in which they have not received formal instruction. Nineteen children were individually interviewed and were asked to attempt to solve 6 subtraction and 6 division word problems. Their solution strategies were recorded, and analysed with respect to whether or not they were appropriate, as to whether or not they modeled the structure of the problem, and as to how consistent the strategies were, within problem types. It was found that children tended to model division problems more often than subtraction problems, and also that the same types of errors were made on problems of both operations. It was also found that children were more likely to keep the strategies for the different interpretations separate for the operation in which they had not been instructed (division) than for the operation in which they had been instructed (subtraction). For division problems, the strategies used to solve one type of problem were seldom, if ever used to solve the other type of problem. For subtraction problems, children had more of a tendency to use the strategies for the various interpretations interchangeably. In addition, some differences in the way children deal with problems involving the solution of a basic fact, and those involving the subtraction of 2-digit numbers, were found. The 2-digit open addition problems were solved using modeling strategies about half as often as any other problem type. The same types of errors were made for both the basic fact and the 2-digit problems, but there were more counting errors and more inappropriate strategy errors for the 2-digit problems, and more incorrect operations for the basic fact problems. Finally, some differences were noted in the problem-solving behaviour of children who performed well on the basic fact tests and those who did not. The children in the low group made more counting errors, used more modeling strategies, and used fewer incorrect operations than children in the high group. These implications for instruction were stated: de-emphasize drill of the basic facts in the primary grades, delay the formal instruction of the operations until children have had a lot of exposure to word problem situations involving these concepts, use the problem situations to introduce the operations instead of the other way around, and leave comparison subtraction word problems until after the children are quite familiar with take away and open addition problems.
A PANDEMIA APONTA PARA A NECESSIDADE DE UM PACTO SANITÁRIO GLOBAL: O NEXO ÁGUA-ENERGIA-ALIMENTAÇÃO- SAÚDE
Creators: name: Silva, J.I.A.O.
name: Cunha, B.P. da
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: water; pandemia; sanitation

description: professor José Irivaldo Alves Oliveira Silva from the Federal University of Campina Grande in co-authorship with professor Belinda Perira da Cunha, professor at the Federal University of Paraíba, in the article “The pandemic points to the need for a Global Sanitary Pact: the water nexus - energy - food - health ”analyzes the context of a planetary pandemic crisis through the following question: the time would not have come for us to establish an international health pact that protects water resources and therefore has repercussions on food quality, energy production and health ? Starting from the general objective that is to present the nexus of water, energy and food and its relation with a planetary water-sanitary policy to face a complex crisis.
Hashing-Accelerated Graph Neural Networks for Link Prediction
Creators: name: Wu, Wei
name: Li, Bin
name: Luo, Chuan
name: Nejdl, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Networks are ubiquitous in the real world. Link prediction, as one of the key problems for network-structured data, aims to predict whether there exists a link between two nodes. The traditional approaches are based on the explicit similarity computation between the compact node representation by embedding each node into a low-dimensional space. In order to efficiently handle the intensive similarity computation in link prediction, the hashing technique has been successfully used to produce the node representation in the Hamming space. However, the hashing-based link prediction algorithms face accuracy loss from the randomized hashing techniques or inefficiency from the learning to hash techniques in the embedding process. Currently, the Graph Neural Network (GNN) framework has been widely applied to the graph-related tasks in an end-to-end manner, but it commonly requires substantial computational resources and memory costs due to massive parameter learning, which makes the GNN-based algorithms impractical without the help of a powerful workhorse. In this paper, we propose a simple and effective model called #GNN, which balances the trade-off between accuracy and efficiency. #GNN is able to efficiently acquire node representation in the Hamming space for link prediction by exploiting the randomized hashing technique to implement message passing and capture high-order proximity in the GNN framework. Furthermore, we characterize the discriminative power of #GNN in probability. The extensive experimental results demonstrate that the proposed #GNN algorithm achieves accuracy comparable to the learning-based algorithms and outperforms the randomized algorithm, while running significantly faster than the learning-based algorithms. Also, the proposed algorithm shows excellent scalability on a large-scale network with the limited resources.
In-vivo measurement of the human soft tissues constitutive laws. Applications to Computer Aided Surgery
Creators: name: Schiavone, Patrick
name: Boudou, T.
name: Ohayon, J.
name: Payan, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the 80's, biomechanicians were asked to work on Computer Aided Surgery applications since orthopaedic surgeons were looking for numerical tools able to predict risks of fractures. More recently, biomechanicians started to address soft tissues arguing that most of the human body is made of such tissues that can move as well as deform during surgical gestures [1]. An intra-operative use of a continuous Finite Element (FE) Model of a given tissue mainly faces two problems: (1) the numerical simulations have to be "interactive", i.e. sufficiently fast to provide results during surgery (which can be a strong issue in the context of hyperelastic models for example) and (2) during the intervention, the surgeon needs a device that can be used to provide to the model an estimation of the patient-specific constitutive behaviour of the soft tissues. This work proposes an answer to the second point, with the design of a new aspiration device aiming at characterizing the in vivo constitutive laws of human soft tissues. The device was defined in order to permit sterilization as well an easy intra-operative use.
Capitalism – Describing an Elite Movement
Creators: name: Von Boeselager, Franziskus
Publisher: name: Moving the Social
Year: 2014

description: Joyce Appleby: The Relentless Revolution: A History of Capitalism, New York/ London: W. W. Norton & Company, 2011.

Ivan T. Berend: An Economic History of Nineteenth-Century Europe: Diversity and Industrialization, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2013.

Jack Goody: Metals, Culture and Capitalism: An Essay on the Origins of the Modern World, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2012.

Jürgen Kocka: Geschichte des Kapitalismus, Munich: C. H. Beck, 2013.

Jerry Z. Muller: Capitalism and the Jews, Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010.
description: Moving the Social, Vol 50 (2013): Essays on Social History and the History of Social Movements
Probing dense QCD matter: Muon measurements with the CBM experiment at FAIR
Creators: name: Senger, Anna
name: Senger, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Compressed Baryonic Matter (CBM) experiment at the future Facility for Antiproton and Ion Research (FAIR) in Darmstadt is designed to investigate the properties of high-density QCD matter with multi-differential measurements of hadrons and leptons, including rare probes like multi-strange anti-hyperons and charmed particles. The research program covers the study of the high-density equation-of-state of nuclear matter, and the exploration of the QCD phase diagram at large baryon-chemical potentials, including the search for quark matter and the critical endpoint of a hypothetical 1st order phase transition. The CBM setup comprises detector systems for the identification of charged hadrons, electrons, and muons, for the determination of collision centrality and the orientation of the reaction plane, and a free-streaming data read-out and acquisition system, which allows online reconstruction and selection of events up to reaction rates of 10 MHz. In this article, emphasis is placed on the measurement of muon pairs in Au-Au collisions at FAIR beam energies, which are unique probes to determine the temperature of the fireball, and, hence, to search for a caloric curve of QCD matter. Simultaneously, the subthreshold production of charmonium can be studied via its dimuon decay, in order to shed light on the microscopic structure of QCD matter at high baryon densities. The CBM setup with focus on dimuon measurements and results of the corresponding physics performance studies will be presented.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Chemical analysis of the Bulge Globular Cluster NGC 6553
Creators: name: Montecinos, Carolina
name: Villanova, S.
name: Muňoz, C.
name: Cortés, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Globular Clusters are among the oldest objects in the Galaxy, thus their researchers are key to understanding the processes of evolution and formation that the galaxy has experienced in early stages. Spectroscopic studies allow us to carry out detailed analyzes on the chemical composition of Globular Clusters. The aim of our research is to perform a detailed analysis of chemical abundances to a sample of stars of the Bulge Globular Cluster NGC 6553, in order to determine chemical patterns that allow us to appreciate the phenomenon of Multiple Population in one of the most metal-rich Globular Clusters in the Galaxy. This analysis is being carried out with data obtained by FLAMES/GIRAFFE spectrograph, VVV Survey and DR2 of Gaia Mission. We analyzed 20 Red Horizontal Branch Stars, being the first extensive spectroscopic abundance analysis for this cluster and measured 8 chemical elements (O, Na, Mg, Si, Ca, Ti, Cr and Ni), deriving a mean iron content of $[Fe/H] = -0.10\pm0.01$ and a mean of $[α/Fe] = 0.21\pm0.02$, considering Mg, Si, Ca and Ti (errors on the mean). We found a significant spread in the content of Na but a small or negligible in O. We did not find an intrinsic variation in the content of $α$ and iron-peak elements, showing a good agreement with the trend of the Bulge field stars, suggesting a similar origin and evolution.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
สภาพการบริหารงานตามหลักธรรมาภิบาลของผู้บริหารโรงเรียน สังกัดสำนักงานเขตพื้นที่การศึกษาหนองคาย เขต 3
Creators: name: วิชัย โนนทิง
name: ประดิษฐ์ เอกทัศน์
name: พูนศักดิ์ ศิริโสม
name: จำเนียร พลหาญ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2008
Subjects: การบริหาร, หลักธรรมาภิบาล, ผู้บริหารโรงเรียน

description: 2, 2, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Activation of multiple hemopoietic growth factor genes in Abelson virus transformed myeloid cells
Creators: name: Abraham, Samuel D. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The stringent requirement for hemopoietic growth factors (HGF) in the induction of hemopoiesis in vitro has raised questions as to their possible role(s) in leukemogenesis. Several recent clinical studies have shown aberrant cell growth factor gene activation in patient derived leukemic cells. Assessment of growth factor activity is often based on in vitro bioactivity assays of conditioned media or body fluids. The specificity of this type of endpoint is, however, open to question due to the overlap in biological activities of many HGFs. In assessing the role of growth factor gene expression in a murine myeloid leukemia model I have used a sensitive RNA detection procedure coupled with a vector-probe system that enables the synthesis of uniformly labelled radioactive DNA probes to detect unambiguously the expression of particular growth factor genes. The Abelson murine leukemia virus (A-MuLV) derived myeloid transformants used in this study had previously been shown to produce a multi-lineage colony stimulating activity (CSA). While these A-MuLV transformants were shown to produce GM-CSF, it seemed likely that the multi-lineage CSA was due to another factor. In addition to confirming the expression of GM-CSF mRNA, I was able to show that the cells of all four A-MuLV transformed lines tested also expressed interleukin-3 mRNA. This finding was strongly corroborated by bio-activity data obtained using the CM from the A-MuLV myeloid transformants. Additional preliminary analysis by bioactivity assays have also shown the possible presence of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and a recently described pre-B cell factor suggesting perhaps a common mechanism underlying the activation of these various growth factor genes.
Implicitization of Bihomogeneous Parametrizations of Algebraic Surfaces via Linear Syzygies
Creators: name: Busé, Laurent
name: Dohm, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that the implicit equation of a surface in 3-dimensional projective space parametrized by bi-homogeneous polynomials of bi-degree (d,d), for a given positive integer d, can be represented and computed from the linear syzygies of its parametrization if the base points are isolated and form locally a complete intersection.
title: State, class and regime in Indonesia : structural impediments to democratisation
Creators: name: Halldorsson, Jon Ormur
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: The concern behind the thesis is with the potential for democratisation of Indonesian politics. It is shown that the undemocratic form government has taken in Indonesia has not been determined by a cultural predisposition but is the logical outcome of politics of access to economic resources. Political history of Indonesia is interpreted through theorisation structured around three concepts, state, regime and class. The state is understood as the site of economic conflict as well as an integrating principle. Its role in structuring the interests it represents is given attention. A difficult problem in Identification and understanding of the interests promoted by the state is overcome through theoretical separation of regime from state. It is shown that the state is not an entity with a life of its own, nor has it been an instruments of any class. Moreover, the state has not been under military control in recent years, nor furthered military interests in politics or business. This, as well as the continued centrality of the state, is explained through analysis of imperatives generated by economic forces and the evolving class configuration at the top of society. The business interests of a ruling group are mapped out in some detail, and so is the interlinking between these and the Chinese owned conglomerates dominating the economy, It is shown that these interests, advanced by monopoly access to the state, have now transformed the state to a much greater degree than did the assumed watershed events of past decades. The political and economic imperatives generated by the interests represented by the Suharto and Chinese owned conglomerates, and companies under their umbrellas, provide a framework of constraints and opportunities with regard to democratisation. This is understood through focus on the politics of gradual elite inclusion in an exclusionary system constituted by dominant economic interests, now increasingly privatised, but still dependent on privileged access to the state.
รูปแบบการป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหายาเสพติดโดยวิธีการวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการแบบมีส่วนร่วม : กรณีศึกษาเทศบาลตำบลคำบง อำเภอห้วยผึ้ง จังหวัดกาฬสินธุ์
Creators: name: ธราเทพ โอชารส
name: สุณี สาธิตานันต์
name: รังสรรค์ สิงหเลิศ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคาม
Year: 2011
Subjects: รูปแบบการป้องกันและแก้ไขปัญหายาเสพติด, โดยวิธีการวิจัยเชิงปฏิบัติการแบบมีส่วนร่วม

description: 2, 5, วารสารมหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏมหาสารคามมนุษยศาสตร์และสังคมศาสตร์
Relaxation of a Stationary State on a Quantum Computer Yields Unique Spectroscopic Fingerprint of the Computer's Noise
Creators: name: Smart, Scott E.
name: Hu, Zixuan
name: Kais, Sabre
name: Mazziotti, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing has the potential to revolutionize computing for certain classes of problems with exponential scaling, and yet this potential is accompanied by significant sensitivity to noise, requiring sophisticated error correction and mitigation strategies. Here we simulate the relaxations of stationary states at different frequencies on several quantum computers to obtain unique spectroscopic fingerprints of their noise. Response functions generated from the data reveal a clear signature of non-Markovian dynamics, demonstrating that each of the quantum computers acts as a non-Markovian bath with a unique colored noise profile. The study suggest that noisy intermediate-scale quantum computers (NISQ) provide a built-in noisy bath that can be analyzed from their simulation of closed quantum systems with the results potentially being harnessed for error mitigation or open-system simulation.
Labels on Meat and Poultry Products
Creators: name: Food Safety And Quality Service
name: Food Safety And Quality Service
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Excerpts from the report: Frankfurters, turkey potpie, chicken soup, chili con carne, pizza with sausage — these are a few of the processed meat and poultry products that are subject to the inspection and labeling requirements of the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA). Federal laws require truthful and accurate information on the labels of all processed foods, and the regulation of food labeling is shared by two agencies — USDA's Food Safety and Quality Service (FSQS) and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services' Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
Modeling Discriminative Representations for Out-of-Domain Detection with Supervised Contrastive Learning
Creators: name: Zeng, Zhiyuan
name: He, Keqing
name: Yan, Yuanmeng
name: Liu, Zijun
name: Wu, Yanan
name: Xu, Hong
name: Jiang, Huixing
name: Xu, Weiran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detecting Out-of-Domain (OOD) or unknown intents from user queries is essential in a task-oriented dialog system. A key challenge of OOD detection is to learn discriminative semantic features. Traditional cross-entropy loss only focuses on whether a sample is correctly classified, and does not explicitly distinguish the margins between categories. In this paper, we propose a supervised contrastive learning objective to minimize intra-class variance by pulling together in-domain intents belonging to the same class and maximize inter-class variance by pushing apart samples from different classes. Besides, we employ an adversarial augmentation mechanism to obtain pseudo diverse views of a sample in the latent space. Experiments on two public datasets prove the effectiveness of our method capturing discriminative representations for OOD detection.
description: Accepted by ACL2021
TASI Lectures on the Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Bousso, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy density of the vacuum, Lambda, is at least 60 orders of magnitude smaller than several known contributions to it. Approaches to this problem are tightly constrained by data ranging from elementary observations to precision experiments. Absent overwhelming evidence to the contrary, dark energy can only be interpreted as vacuum energy, so the venerable assumption that Lambda=0 conflicts with observation. The possibility remains that Lambda is fundamentally variable, though constant over large spacetime regions. This can explain the observed value, but only in a theory satisfying a number of restrictive kinematic and dynamical conditions. String theory offers a concrete realization through its landscape of metastable vacua.
description: 39 pages, 3 figures
Epitaxial thin films of multiferroic Bi2FeCrO6 with B-site cationic order
Creators: name: Nechache, Riad
name: Carignan, Louis-Philippe
name: Gunawan, Lina
name: Harnagea, Catalin
name: Botton, Gianluigi
name: Menard, David
name: Pignolet, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Epitaxial thin films of Bi2FeCrO6 have been synthesized by pulsed laser deposition on SrRuO3 on (100)- and (111)-oriented SrTiO3 substrates. Detailed X-ray diffraction and cross-section transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed a double perovskite crystal structure of the Bi2FeCrO6 epitaxial films very similar to that of BiFeO3 along with a particularly noteworthy Fe3+/Cr3+ cation ordering along the [111] direction. The films contain no detectable magnetic iron oxide impurities and have the correct cationic average stoichiometry throughout their thickness. They however exhibit a slight modulation in the Fe and Cr compositions forming complementary stripe patterns, suggesting minor local excess or depletion of Fe and Cr. The epitaxial BFCO films exhibit good ferroelectric and piezoelectric properties, in addition to magnetic properties at room temperature, as well as an unexpected crystallographic orientation dependence of their room temperature magnetic properties. Our results qualitatively confirm the predictions made using the ab-initio calculations: the double-perovskite structure of Bi2FeCrO6 films exhibit a Fe3+/Cr3+ cation ordering and good multiferroic properties, along with the unpredicted existence of magnetic ordering at room temperature.
description: Accepted for publication in Journal of Materials Research
Magnetic ordering tendencies in hexagonal boron nitride-bilayer graphene moiré structures
Creators: name: Spethmann, Maria
name: Honerkamp, Carsten
name: Kennes, Dante M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) and graphene are aligned at zero or small twist angle, a moiré structure is formed due to the small lattice constant mismatch between the two structures. In this work, we analyze magnetic ordering tendencies, driven by onsite Coulomb interactions, of encapsulated bilayer graphene (BG) forming a moiré structure with one (hBN-BG) or both hBN layers (hBN-BG-hBN), using the random phase approximation. The calculations are performed in a fully atomistic Hubbard model that takes into account all $π$-electrons of the carbon atoms in one moiré unit cell. We analyze the charge neutral case and find that the dominant magnetic ordering instability is uniformly antiferromagnetic. Furthermore, at low temperatures, the critical Hubbard interaction $U_c$ required to induce magnetic order is slightly larger in those systems where the moiré structure has caused a band gap opening in the non-interacting picture, although the difference is less than 6%. Mean-field calculations are employed to estimate how such an interaction-induced magnetic order may change the observable single-particle gap sizes.
title: Being and seeming : the shaping of the woman writer in late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century print
Creators: name: Askey, Elizabeth Ann
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2021

description: This work explores ways in which early modem women writers were presented in their printed books within the literary landscape of the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries. It consists of a survey of the typographical presentation of title pages and front 'matter in printed texts, identifying rhetorically feminine self-constructions which allow the writers to negotiate their way to publication. This survey also provides a historical context for the close reading of two case studies: Aemilia Lanyer's Salve Deus Rex Judaeorum (1611) and Elizabeth Cary'sThe Tragedie of Mariam, The Faire Queene of Jewry (1613), together with examination of some extant copies. Early modem women writers seem to present themselves as stereotypically ideal and modest in order to be writers who are able to reach readers of the printed word. They are able to use the idea of femininity as a source of strength and as part of a wilful strategy in a fictive self-construction to fulfil readers' expectations of an ideal woman's writings, The survey suggests that the physical presentations of their books are constructed in the full awareness of these strategies.
Supplementary Materials for Structured illumination microscopy artifacts caused by illumination scattering
Creators: name: Yanquan Mo
name: Feng, Fan
name: Mao, Heng
name: Junchao Fan
name: Chen, Liangyi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 30101 Analytical Spectrometry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Despite its wide application in live-cell super-resolution (SR) imaging, structured illumination microscopy (SIM) suffers from aberrations caused by various sources. Although artefacts generated from inaccurate reconstruction parameter estimation and noise amplification can be minimized, aberrations due to the scattering of excitation light on samples have rarely been investigated. In this paper, by simulating multiple subcellular structure with the distinct refractive index from water, we study how different thicknesses of this subcellular structure scatter incident light on its optical path of SIM excitation. Because aberrant interference light aggravates with the increase in sample thickness, the reconstruction of the 2D-SIM SR image degraded with the change of focus along the axial axis. Therefore, this work may guide the future development of algorithms to suppress SIM artefacts caused by scattering in thick samples.This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue ‘SIMposium (part 1)'.
Heavy quark diffusion in perturbative QCD at next-to-leading order
Creators: name: Caron-Huot, Simon
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the momentum diffusion coefficient of a nonrelativistic heavy quark in a hot QCD plasma, to next-to-leading order in the weak coupling expansion. Corrections arise at O(g); physically they represent interference between overlapping scatterings, as well as soft, electric scale ($p\sim gT$) gauge field physics, which we treat using the hard thermal loop (HTL) effective theory. In 3-color, 3-flavor QCD, the momentum diffusion constant of a fundamental representation heavy quark at NLO is $κ= \frac{16π}{3} α_s^2 T^3 (\ln \frac{1}{g} + 0.07428 + 1.8869 g)$. The convergence of the weak coupling expansion is poor.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Probing the evolution of the EBL photon density out to $z~\sim 1$ via $γ$-ray propagation measurements with Fermi
Creators: name: Singh, K. K.
name: Yadav, K. K.
name: Meintjes, P. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshift ($z$) evolution of the Extragalactic Background Light (EBL) photon density is very important to understand the history of cosmological structure formation of galaxies and stars since the epoch of recombination. The EBL photons with the characteristic spectral energy distribution ranging from ultraviolet/optical to far-infrared provide a major source of opacity of the Universe to the GeV-TeV $γ$-rays travelling over cosmological distances. The effect of the EBL is very significant through $γγ\rightarrow e^- e^+$ absorption process on the propagation of the $γ$-ray photons with energy $E >$ 50 GeV emitted from the sources at $z \sim 1$. This effect is characterized by the optical depth ($τ$) which strongly depends on $E$, $z$ and density of the EBL photons. The proper density of the EBL photons increases with $z$ due to expansion of the Universe whereas evolution of radiation sources contributing to the EBL leads to a decrease in the density with increasing $z$. Therefore, the resultant volumetric evolution of the EBL photon density is approximated by a modified redshift dependence. In this work, we probe evolution of the EBL photon density predicted by two prominent models using cosmic gamma-ray horizon ($τ(E,z)=$ 1) determined by the measurements from the \emph{Fermi}-Large Area Telescope (LAT) observations. The modified redshift dependence of the EBL photon density is optimized for a given EBL model by estimating the same gamma-ray horizon as predicted by the \emph{Fermi}-LAT observations. We further compare the optical depth estimates in the energy range $E =$ 4 GeV-1 TeV and redshift range $z =0.01-1$ from the \emph{Fermi}-LAT observations with the values derived from the two EBL models to further constrain the evolution of the EBL photon density in the $z~\sim 1$ Universe.
description: 9 Pages, 6 Figures: Accepted for Publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Spontaneous ferromagnetic spin ordering at the surface of La$_2$CuO$_4$
Creators: name: Yusupov, R. V.
name: Kabanov, V. V.
name: Mihailovic, D.
name: Conder, K.
name: Mueller, K. A.
name: Keller, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic properties of high purity stoichiometric La$_2$CuO$_4$ nanoparticles are systematically investigated as a function of particle size. Ferromagnetic single-domain spin clusters are shown to spontaneously form at the surface of fine grains as well as paramagnetic defects. Hysteresis loops and thermomagnetic irreversibility are observed in a wide temperature range $5 - 350$ K with the remnant moment and coercivity gradually decreasing with increasing temperature. Possible origins of the spontaneous surface ferromagnetic clusters and the relation of our data to the appearance of unusual magnetic phenomena and phase separation of doped cuprates are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 15 figures
Supplementary Text from Evidence for reduced immune gene diversity and activity during the evolution of termites
Creators: name: He, Shulin
name: Sieksmeyer, Thorben
name: Yanli Che
name: M. Alejandra Esparza Mora
name: Stiblik, Petr
name: Banasiak, Ronald
name: Harrison, Mark C.
name: Šobotník, Jan
name: Zongqing Wang
name: Johnston, Paul R.
name: McMahon, Dino P.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: This file contains supplementary text and supplementary figures.
A Feynman-Kac based numerical method for the exit time probability of a class of transport problems
Creators: name: Yang, Minglei
name: Zhang, Guannan
name: del-Castillo-Negrete, Diego
name: Stoyanov, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The exit time probability, which gives the likelihood that an initial condition leaves a prescribed region of the phase space of a dynamical system at, or before, a given time, is arguably one of the most natural and important transport problems. Here we present an accurate and efficient numerical method for computing this probability for systems described by non-autonomous (time-dependent) stochastic differential equations (SDEs) or their equivalent Fokker-Planck partial differential equations. The method is based on the direct approximation of the Feynman-Kac formula that establishes a link between the adjoint Fokker-Planck equation and the forward SDE. The Feynman-Kac formula is approximated using the Gauss-Hermite quadrature rules and piecewise cubic Hermite interpolating polynomials, and a GPU accelerated matrix representation is used to compute the entire time evolution of the exit time probability using a single pass of the algorithm. The method is unconditionally stable, exhibits second-order convergence in space, first-order convergence in time, and is straightforward to parallelize. Applications are presented to the advection-diffusion of a passive tracer in a fluid flow exhibiting chaotic advection, and to the runaway acceleration of electrons in a plasma in the presence of an electric field, collisions, and radiation damping. Benchmarks against analytical solutions as well as comparisons with explicit and implicit finite difference standard methods for the adjoint Fokker-Planck equation are presented.