cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Exploring neuro-immune interactions in neurodegeneration: the role of B lymphocytes in Parkinson’s disease
Creators: name: Scott, Kirsten Maurine
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Parkinson's disease
B lymphocytes
Alpha synuclein antibodies

description: Background: Inflammation in the brain (as defined by microglial activation) and in the periphery (serum cytokines) is well described in Parkinson’s disease (PD). I hypothesised that immune factors play a role in determining disease progression, focusing on the contribution of B lymphocytes. These cells play a number of roles including antibody production, maintenance of subcapsular sinus macrophages, antigen presentation and regulation of T cell activity. Methods: I phenotyped peripheral blood B lymphocytes in 3 clinical cohorts and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) B lymphocytes in a subgroup of patients using flow cytometry (79 PD patients, 65 controls in total). The patients were risk stratified by their risk of progression to dementia. Controls were age and gender matched. I also performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature on alpha-synuclein antibodies and then designed an assay to measure antibodies to alpha synuclein species and peptides. I piloted the assay in 39 patients and controls. I also used the 6-OHDA lesioned mouse model of PD and examined disease course by testing motor capacity in mice lacking B lymphocytes (MT), in mice depleted of B cells using an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody and in wild type controls (C57bl/5). Dopaminergic cell counts and staining were compared. I examined the phenotype and distribution of B lymphocytes in alpha synuclein transgenic models of Parkinson’s disease using flow cytometry. Results: B lymphocytes were decreased in PD patients at high risk of progressing to early dementia compared to matched controls. A higher proportion of IL10 producing regulatory B lymphocytes was associated with better outcomes. Alpha synuclein transgenic mice also had reduced circulating B lymphocytes. Mice with a genetically driven B lymphocyte deficiency developed a worse motor phenotype and showed more extensive loss of midbrain dopaminergic cells than wild type controls. Meningeal and skull B lymphocytes had a different phenotype to circulating B lymphocytes but were not different between controls and transgenic animals. Conclusions: My data suggest that B cells play a protective role in PD, potentially via regulation of immune responses to aberrant forms of alpha synuclein or cell death. Modulating this compartment by increasing IL10 producing B lymphocytes would be a reasonable therapeutic strategy. Exploring the function and behaviour of meningeal B lymphocytes in health and disease may reveal further therapeutic targets.
description: Wellcome Trust Michael J Fox Foundation
On the Relationship between Violent Conflict and Wages in Colombia
Creators: name: Gimenez-Nadal, Jose Ignacio
name: Molina, José Alberto
name: Silva-Quintero, Edgar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: We analyse how forced displacements caused by violent conflict are related to the wages of workers in Colombia. Using data from the Quality of Life Survey (2011–2014), we analyse the differences in wages between those forced by violence to move to other regions, and those who moved for other reasons. We apply Propensity Score Matching techniques to compare workers from the two groups, finding that forced displacement is related to decreases of between 10 and 29 per cent in the wages of males, and between 18 and 37 per cent in the wages of females, relative to their counterparts. Thus, forced displacements are related to poorer labour market outcomes in terms of wages.
Megapomponia imperatoria Westwood 1842
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Megapomponia
Megapomponia imperatoria

description: Megapomponia imperatoria (Westwood, 1842)
Although this species has been reported from India, Nepal, Thailand, Malaysia, Cambodia, Laos, Borneo, Sarawak, and Indonesia (Metcalf 1963 d; Sanborn et al. 2007), this species is confined to the peninsular Malaysia as Hayashi (1993) indicated. Accordingly, the records of this species from Cambodia made by Walker (1870), Metcalf (1963b), and Sanborn et al. (2007) should be regarded as erroneous records due to misidentification and/or simple citations of previous literature.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 30, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Notes on the Agricultural Economies of the Far East: I. Northeast Asia
Creators: name: Far East Analysis Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
name: Far East Analysis Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1962
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Includes: Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, and Taiwan
On-Site Repulsion as the Source of Pairing in Carbon Nanotubes and Intercalated Graphite
Creators: name: Perfetto, Enrico
name: Stefanucci, Gianluca
name: Cini, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that different non-conventional superconductors have one fundamental feature in common: pair eigenstates of the Hamiltonian are repulsion-free, the W=0 pairs. In extended Hubbard models, pairing can occur for resonable parameter values. For $(N,N)$ nanotubes the binding energy of the pair depends strongly on the filling and decreases towards a reduced but nonzero value for the graphite sheet $N \to \infty$.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Teacher Gender, Student Gender, and Primary School Achievement: Evidence from Ten Francophone African Countries
Creators: name: Jieun Lee
name: Rhee, Dong-Eun
name: Rudolf, Robert
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Using an exceptionally rich, standardised education assessment dataset comprising over 1800 primary schools and 31,000 grade six students from 10 francophone Western and Central African countries, this study analyses the relationship between teacher gender, student gender, and student achievement. Findings indicate that, for girls, being taught by a female teacher increases math and reading performance. For boys, however, teacher gender has no effect. Similar, but less strong effects are also found for subject appreciation. Moreover, traditional academic gender stereotypes remain prevalent among both male and female teachers. Our findings suggest that hiring more female teachers in the region can reduce educational gender gaps without hurting boys.
Overconfidence and real estate research
Creators: name: Li, Haotong
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Behavioural finance
Overconfidence
Real estate

description: Real estate markets have recently been rapidly advancing in both volume and complexity. A sound understanding of behavioural biases in this sector benefits all stakeholders, such as investors, regulators, and local residents. I focus on one of the most robust behavioural anomalies in business and finance research: overconfidence. Overconfidence significantly influences financial decisions and investment performance. However, theoretical and empirical studies are lacking in the real estate sector. In this thesis, I first conduct a critical review of the overconfidence literature, identify future research directions for the study of overconfidence in real estate markets and recommend strategies for handling technical issues, such as robustness of overconfidence measurement and data availability. I then explore overconfidence of three types of participants in real estate markets, namely, investors, managers and homebuyers. I find that overconfidence plays an important role for all the three actors. Investors attribute too much of investment gains to their ability and become overconfident in subsequent periods, which lead to a strong trading volume response to market returns at the aggregate level. Overconfident managers tend to invest more in risky and long-term projects such as those related to corporate social responsibility (CSR). However, the financial premium of CSR is lower than it should be for firms with such managers. In housing markets with overconfident homebuyers, the trading volume response to economic policy uncertainty is less significant compared with those with non-overconfident homebuyers. Findings in the three fields provide useful implications for researchers and practitioners on overconfidence studies in real estate research.
description: CSC Cambridge Scholarship
The hydroxyl satellite-line `flip' as a tracer of expanding HII regions
Creators: name: Petzler, Anita
name: Dawson, Joanne R
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of the four $^{2}Π_{3/2},~J = 3/2$~ground state transitions of the hydroxyl radical (OH) have emerged as an informative tracer of molecular gas in the Galactic ISM. We discuss an OH spectral feature known as the `flip', in which the satellite lines at 1612 and 1720\,MHz flip -- one from emission to absorption and the other the reverse -- across a closely blended double feature. We highlight 30 examples of the flip from the literature, 27 of which exhibit the same orientation with respect to velocity: the 1720\,MHz line is seen in emission at more negative velocities. These same examples are also observed toward bright background continuum, many (perhaps all) show stimulated emission, and 23 of these are coincident in on-sky position and velocity with H\textsc{ii}~radio recombination lines. To explain these remarkable correlations we propose that the 1720\,MHz stimulated emission originates in heated and compressed post-shock gas expanding away from a central H\textsc{ii}~region, which collides with cooler and more diffuse gas hosting the 1612\,MHz stimulated emission. The foreground gas dominates the spectrum due to the bright central continuum, hence the expanding post-shock gas is blue-shifted relative to the stationary pre-shock gas. We employ non-LTE excitation modelling to examine this scenario, and find that indeed FIR emission from warm dust adjacent to the H\textsc{ii}~region radiatively pumps the 1612 MHz line in the diffuse, cool gas ahead of the expanding shock front, while collisional pumping in the warm, dense shocked gas inverts the 1720 MHz line.
description: Accepted to MNRAS with significant revisions to the version previously uploaded to arXiv
Poststructuralism Avant La Lettre: Language and Gender in the Thought of Rabbi Shalom Dovber Schneersohn
Creators: name: Leigh, Aaron Reuven
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: philosophy
judaism
hasidism
poststructuralism
levinas
derrida
kristeva
schneersohn
language
gender

description: Rabbi Shalom Dovber Schneersohn (1860-1920) is a relatively unknown and under-researched rabbinic figure in the academic fields of philosophy and Jewish studies. This dissertation will argue that Schneersohn is deserving of scholarly attention, not merely as an interesting contributor to the field of modern Jewish thought, but as a relevant interlocutor with some of the central concerns of contemporary philosophy, and someone who surprisingly anticipates many prominent dynamics of twentieth century thought. This dissertation will perform a close reading of Schneersohn’s discourses from 1898. A central and dominant theme of these discourses is the disruption of traditional hierarchical binary structures, with a specific focus on the role of speech in knowledge production and the role of women in reproduction. Schneersohn’s reconsideration of the significance of speech and women anticipate some of the significant shifts in the philosophy of language and gender in the twentieth century. The challenging of oppositional binaries, with particular emphasis on language and gender, became a central concern of poststructuralist philosophy in the second half of the twentieth century. Schneersohn’s ideas will be brought into conversation with three central figures of poststructuralist thought: Emmanuel Levinas, Jacques Derrida and Julia Kristeva. I will perform a close reading of a text from each of these thinkers and examine ways in which juxtaposing Schneersohn’s conceptual framework with them can be mutually beneficial. Finally, in conclusion, I will reflect on the value of considering Schneersohn as a relevant modern thinker, and on how he can serve as an example of a contemporary rabbinic thinker deserving of scholarly attention within the field of philosophy.
Albinia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Albinia

description: 13. Albinia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 209.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Albinia buccalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.
 TYPE SPECIES: Albinia buccalis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830, by monotypy.
CURRENT STATUS: Placed in “Doubtful taxa in Tachinidae ” and considered possibly Rhinophoridae by Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 435).
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 36
Did You Really Get the Message? Using Text Reminders to Stimulate Adoption of Agricultural Technologies
Creators: name: LAROCHELLE, Catherine
name: ALWANG, Jeffrey
name: TRAVIS, Elli
name: BARRERA, Victor Hugo
name: ANDRADE, Juan Manuel DOMINGUEZ
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: This article provides evidence from a randomised control trial conducted among potato farmers in Ecuador about the impact of mobile phone text messages on farmer knowledge about and adoption of integrated pest management (IPM) practices. Using psychological constructs, we examine competing explanations for non-standard decision-making leading to low adoption of beneficial agricultural technologies. Farmers who received text messages have significantly higher knowledge and are more likely to adopt most IPM practices than those in the control group. Findings provide evidence that text messages lead to behavioural changes by reducing inattention and sub-optimal heuristics in the face of complex decisions.
The basis problem in many-worlds theories
Creators: name: Stapp, Henry P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is emphasized that a many-worlds interpretation of quantum theory exists only to the extent that the associated basis problem is solved. The core basis problem is that the robust enduring states specified by environmental decoherence effects are essentially Gaussian wave packets that form continua of non-orthogonal states. Hence they are not a discrete set of orthogonal basis states to which finite probabilities can be assigned by the usual rules. The natural way to get an orthogonal basis without going outside the Schroedinger dynamics is to use the eigenstates of the reduced density matrix, and this idea is the basis of some recent attempts by many-worlds proponents to solve the basis problem. But these eigenstates do not enjoy the locality and quasi-classicality properties of the states defined by environmental decoherence effects, and hence are not satisfactory preferred basis states. The basis problem needs to be addressed and resolved before a many-worlds-type interpretation can be said to exist.
description: This extended version is to be published in The Canadian Journal of Physics
Suppressing the Scattering of WIMP DM with Nucleons in Supersymmetric Theories
Creators: name: Cao, Junjie
name: Meng, Lei
name: Yue, Yuanfang
name: Zhou, Haijing
name: Zhu, Pengxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuously improving sensitivity of dark matter direct detection experiments has limited the interaction between dark matter and nucleons being increasingly feeble, while the dark matter relic density favors it to take part in weak interactions. After taking into account the constraints from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) search for Higgs bosons and sparticles, it is becoming difficult for the neutralino dark matter in the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model and the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model to possess these two seemingly paradoxical features in their most natural parameter space for electroweak symmetry breaking due to the limited theoretical structure. In contrast, the seesaw extension of the Next-to-Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model, which was initially proposed to solve the neutrino mass problem, enables the lightest sneutrino to act as a viable dark matter candidate, readily has these features, and thus, it easily satisfies the constraints from dark matter and LHC experiments. Compared with the Type-I seesaw extension, the dark matter physics in the inverse seesaw extension is more flexible, allowing it to be consistent with the experimental results in broader parameter space. We conclude that weakly interacting massive particles (such as the sneutrino in this study) work well in supersymmetric theories as dark matter candidates.
description: language improved greatly; version appeared in prd
Non-perturbative approaches to the quantum Seiberg-Witten curve
Creators: name: Grassi, Alba
name: Gu, Jie
name: Marino, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study various non-perturbative approaches to the quantization of the Seiberg-Witten curve of ${\cal N}=2$, $SU(2)$ super Yang-Mills theory, which is closely related to the modified Mathieu operator. The first approach is based on the quantum WKB periods and their resurgent properties. We show that these properties are encoded in the TBA equations of Gaiotto-Moore-Neitzke determined by the BPS spectrum of the theory, and we relate the Borel-resummed quantum periods to instanton calculus. In addition, we use the TS/ST correspondence to obtain a closed formula for the Fredholm determinant of the modified Mathieu operator. Finally, by using blowup equations, we explain the connection between this operator and the $τ$ function of Painleve $\rm III$.
description: 46 pages, 4 figures, 12 tables; new references added, typos corrected
Subleading corrections to the V_ub determination from exclusive B decays
Creators: name: Grinstein, Benjamin
name: Pirjol, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed to determine the CKM matrix element |V_ub| in a model-independent way from a combination of rare and semileptonic B and D decays near the zero recoil point. An essential ingredient in such a determination is a heavy quark symmetry relation connecting the form-factors appearing in B -> K* e+e- to semileptonic form factors relevant for B -> rho eν. We estimate the leading corrections to this symmetry relation, of order α_s(m_b) and Λ/m_b, pointing out that they can be as large as 20%, depending on the value of the matrix element of a dimension-4 operator. Dimensional analysis estimates of this matrix element give a corresponding uncertainty in |V_ub| of the order of a few percent.
description: 8 pages
Pomponia subtilita Lee 2009
Creators: name: Pham, Hong-Thai
name: Lee, Young June
name: Constant, Jerome
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Pomponia
Pomponia subtilita

description: Pomponia subtilita Lee, 2009
(Figs 2 B, 2E)
Pomponia subtilita Lee, 2009: 313 [TL: Loei, Thailand]; Lee, 2010: 21 –22.
Material examined. CAMBODIA: 1♂, Siem Reap, Kbal Spean, day catch, 28 V 2005, I. Var & P. Grootaert (IRSNB).
Distribution. Cambodia and Thailand.
Remarks. This species has the following characteristics: basal lobes of pygofer minute, placed laterally; two spines of clasper of male pygofer subequal in length; spines of clasper short, making inner arc wider than long.
description: Published as part of Pham, Hong-Thai, Lee, Young June & Constant, Jerome, 2015, Cicada genus Pomponia Stål, 1866 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Vietnam and Cambodia, with a new species, a new record, and a key to the species, pp. 562-572 in Zootaxa 3925 (4) on page 569, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3925.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/236510
Resolving Linear Polarization due to Emission and Extinction of Aligned Dust Grains on NGC1333 IRAS4A with JVLA and ALMA
Creators: name: Ko, Chia-Lin
name: Liu, Hauyu Baobab
name: Lai, Shih-Ping
name: Ching, Tao-Chung
name: Rao, Ramprasad
name: Girart, Josep M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high angular resolution observations of linearly polarized dust emission towards the Class 0 young stellar object (YSO) NGC1333 IRAS4A (hereafter, IRAS4A) using the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array (JVLA) at K (11.5-16.7 mm), Ka (8.1-10.3 mm), and Q bands (6.3-7.9 mm), and using the Atacama Large Millimeter Array (ALMA) at Band 6 (1.2 mm) and Band 7 (0.85-0.89 mm). On 100-1000 AU scales, all of these observations consistently trace the hourglass shaped magnetic field topology as shown in the previous studies. In the innermost 100 AU region of IRAS4A1, the polarization position angles (E-field) detected at 6.3-16.7 mm are consistent, however, are nearly 90 degrees offset from those detected at 1.2 mm and 0.85-0.89 mm. Such a 90 degree offset may be explained by that the inner $\sim$100 AU area is optically thick at wavelengths shorter than $\sim$1.5 mm, whereby the observations probe the absorption of aligned dust against the weakly or unpolarized warm dust emission from the innermost region. This can also consistently explain why the highest angular resolution ALMA images at Band 7 show that the polarization percentage increases with dust brightness temperature in the inner $\sim$100 AU region of IRAS4A1. Following this interpretation and assuming that the dust grains are aligned with the magnetic fields, the inferred magnetic field position angle based on the 90$^{\circ}$ rotated at 6.3-7.9 mm in the central peak of IRAS4A1 is $\sim-22^{\circ}$, which is approximately consistent with the outflow direction $\sim-9^{\circ}$.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; submitted to ApJ
Pheromones in Heliconius butterflies: Chemical ecology, genetics, and behaviour
Creators: name: Darragh, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Heliconius
subject: Mate choice
subject: Lepidoptera
subject: Pheromones
subject: Chemical signalling
subject: Chemical ecology
subject: Behaviour
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Sex pheromones are chemical signals that mediate communication between males and females of a species and are important for mating. They have been well-studied in female moths, where females release volatile compounds to attract males over long distances. Butterflies fly during the day and were thought to rely more on vision. However, male pheromones in butterflies have also been described but have rarely been studied to the same detail as the female pheromones of night-flying moths. The Neotropical butterflies, Heliconius, have a long history of ecological and genetic studies. Mate choice trials have focused on male preference for female colour pattern. In addition, two types of pheromone have been described in Heliconius. The first is produced by a region of the wing known as the androconia, and the second is anti-aphrodisiac, transferred from male genitals to females during mating to prevent re-mating by the female. In this thesis I investigate the role of chemical signalling in mate choice of Heliconius. I describe sexual dimorphism in wing scale morphology and androconial chemical profile of H. melpomene. I demonstrate the importance of male chemical signalling for female choice in this and other Heliconius species. Male pheromones in other groups can convey information about mate quality. I show that larval but not adult diet affects the production of only minor components of the male pheromone. This suggests that male signalling cannot convey information about adult diet quality but could reflect larval diet. I survey variation in pheromone components across the broad geographic range of several species. I show that this provides a useful approach to identify biologically active components, which we expect to be species-specific over a large geographic range. There is also considerable interest in understanding the genetic basis for adaptive traits, and pheromones provide a tractable system for such studies. I uncover the genetic basis for anti-aphrodisiac production in H. melpomene through genetic mapping and use in-vitro assays for enzymatic activity to identify a novel terpene synthase activity in a gene family not previously known for this role. This finding suggests that terpene synthesis has evolved independently multiple times in insects. The work presented in this thesis is one of the first studies integrating both chemical ecology and genetics in butterflies. By combining behavioural, genetic and chemical studies, we can understand not only the composition of the chemical profile of individuals and species, but also their function and evolution.
MOESM3 of Short-term treatment with high dose liraglutide improves lipid and lipoprotein profile and changes hormonal mediators of lipid metabolism in obese patients with no overt type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, double-blind clinical trial
Creators: name: Peradze, Natia
name: Farr, Olivia
name: Perakakis, Nikolaos
name: Lรกzaro, Iolanda
name: Aleix Sala-Vila
name: Mantzoros, Christos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Table S2: Statistical analysis of delta changes of metabolites in liraglutide- and placebo-treated individuals. Information about delta changes in all metabolites measured in liraglutide- and placebo-treated individuals.
Improving the triaxial bulge model of M31
Creators: name: Berman, Simon
name: Loinard, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A detailed hydrodynamical model of the gas flow in the triaxial gravitational potential of the bulge of the Andromeda galaxy (M31) has recently been proposed by Berman (2001) astro-ph/0103209, and shown to provide excellent agreement with the CO emission line velocities observed along its major axis. In the present paper, we confirm the validity of that model by showing that it can also reproduce the CO velocities observed off the major axis - a much more robust test. The CO observations, however, tend to span a wider range of velocities than a direct application of the original model of Berman would suggest. This situation can be improved significantly if the molecular disk is made thicker, a requirement already encountered in dynamical simulations of other spiral galaxies, and typically attributed to a broadening of the molecular layer in galactic fountain-like processes. In the central regions of M31, however, it is unclear whether there actually is a thick molecular disk, or whether broadening the molecular layer is merely an artificial theoretical means of accounting for some disk warping. Other effects not included in the model, such as hydraulic jumps, might also contribute to a widening of the velocities.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MOESM2 of Short-term treatment with high dose liraglutide improves lipid and lipoprotein profile and changes hormonal mediators of lipid metabolism in obese patients with no overt type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, double-blind clinical trial
Creators: name: Peradze, Natia
name: Farr, Olivia
name: Perakakis, Nikolaos
name: Lรกzaro, Iolanda
name: Aleix Sala-Vila
name: Mantzoros, Christos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Chi-square tests of the side effects in placebo and liraglutide groups by week 5 of treatment. Information about self-reported adverse events in liraglutide- and placebo-treated individuals.
MOESM1 of Short-term treatment with high dose liraglutide improves lipid and lipoprotein profile and changes hormonal mediators of lipid metabolism in obese patients with no overt type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomized, placebo-controlled, cross-over, double-blind clinical trial
Creators: name: Peradze, Natia
name: Farr, Olivia
name: Perakakis, Nikolaos
name: Lรกzaro, Iolanda
name: Aleix Sala-Vila
name: Mantzoros, Christos
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. CONSORT 2010 Flow Diagram.
Comparative Studies of Line and Continuum Positron Annihilation Radiation
Creators: name: Milne, P. A.
name: Kurfess, J. D.
name: Kinzer, R. L.
name: Leising, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Positron annihilation radiation from the Galaxy has been observed by the OSSE, SMM and TGRS instruments. Improved spectral modeling of OSSE observations has allowed studies of the distribution of both positron annihilation radiation components, the narrow line emission at 511 keV and the positronium continuum emission. The results derived for each individual annihilation component are then compared with each other. These comparisons reveal approximate agreement between the distribution of these two emissions. In certain regions of the sky (notably in the vicinity of the previously reported positive latitude enhancement), the distribution of the emissions differ. We discuss these differences and the methods currently being employed to understand whether the differences are physical or a systematic error in the present analysis.
description: 5 pages, to appear in the proceedings of the Gamma 2001 Symposium (Baltimore, April 2001)
Pretorsion theories in general categories
Creators: name: Facchini, Alberto
name: Finocchiaro, Carmelo
name: Gran, Marino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18E40, 18D20, 17A65, 13D30

description: We present a setting for the study of torsion theories in general categories. The idea is to associate, with any pair ($\mathcal T$, $\mathcal F$) of full replete subcategories in a category $\mathcal C$, the corresponding full subcategory $\mathcal Z = \mathcal T \cap \mathcal F$ of \emph{trivial objects} in $\mathcal C$. The morphisms which factor through $\mathcal Z$ are called $\mathcal Z$-trivial, and these form an ideal of morphisms, with respect to which one can define $\mathcal Z$-prekernels, $\mathcal Z$-precokernels, and short $\mathcal Z$-preexact sequences. This naturally leads to the notion of pretorsion theory, which is the object of study of this article, and includes the classical one in the abelian context when $\mathcal Z$ is reduced to the $0$-object of $\mathcal C$. We study the basic properties of pretorsion theories, and examine some new examples in the category of all endomappings of finite sets and in the category of preordered sets.
description: 22 pages
INSIGHTS INTO POLYMERISATION OF FTSZ AND OTHER CYTOMOTIVE FILAMENTS
Creators: name: Wagstaff, James
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: ftsz
cytoskeleton
tubulin

description: Protein filaments are used in different ways to organise other molecules in space and time within cells. Some proteins form filaments that couple hydrolysis of nucleotides to their polymerisation cycle in order to power the directed movement of other molecules, these filaments are termed cytomotive. Only members of the actin and tubulin superfamilies are known to form cytomotive filaments. The protein FtsZ, a homologue of eukaryotic tubulins, forms cytomotive filaments that are used in almost all bacteria and many archaea to organise cell division. Here I show using X-ray crystallography and electron cryomicroscopy (cryoEM) that FtsZ switches conformation when it polymerises into filaments. I then show using cryoEM that this conformational switch is likely needed for recognition of filaments by the widely conserved filament cross-linking protein ZapA. I also present the development of a high- throughput assay for detection of better FtsZ inhibitors, which uses principles derived from the structural studies. Finally, I demonstrate that the conformational switch upon polymerisation seen in FtsZ is conserved within the tubulin superfamily, that actin superfamily members also exhibit a conserved conformational switch upon polymerisation, and that having such a switch explains the coupling of kinetic and structural polarities required for cytomotivity of the filaments formed by these protein families.
description: I was supported by scholarships from the MRC and the Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds.
Design of Toy Proteins Capable to Rearrange Conformations in a Mechanical Fashion
Creators: name: Borovinskiy, Alexander L.
name: Grosberg, Alexander Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We design toy protein mimicking a machine-like function of an enzyme. Using an insight gained by the study of conformation space of compact lattice polymers, we demonstrate the possibility of a large scale conformational rearrangement which occurs (i) without opening a compact state, and (ii) along a linear (one-dimensional) path. We also demonstrate the possibility to extend sequence design method such that it yields a "collective funnel" landscape in which the toy protein (computationally) folds into the valley with rearrangement path at its bottom. Energies of the states along the path can be designed to be about equal, allowing for diffusion along the path. They can also be designed to provide for a significant bias in one certain direction. Together with a toy ligand molecule, our "enzimatic" machine can perform the entire cycle, including conformational relaxation in one direction upon ligand binding and conformational relaxation in the opposite direction upon ligand release. This model, however schematic, should be useful as a test ground for phenomenological theories of machine-like properties of enzymes.
description: 13 pages, 12 figures
Notes on the Agricultural Economies of the Far East: II. South Asia
Creators: name: Far East Analysis Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
name: Far East Analysis Branch, Foreign Regional Analysis Division
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1963
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
International Development
International Relations/Trade
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Includes: Afghanistan, Ceylon, India, Nepal, and Pakistan
Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Alophora

description: 15. Alophora Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 293.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Syrphus subcoleoptratus Fabricius, 1775; Syrphus hemipterus Fabricius, 1794 (as “ Phasia hemiptera. Meig.”); Alophora pilosa Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Alophora ferruginea Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830.
 TYPE SPECIES: Syrphus hemipterus Fabricius, 1794, by subsequent designation [Robineau-Desvoidy, 1863b: 226 (as “ Thereva hemiptera de Fabricius ”)].
 CURRENT STATUS: Junior synonym of Phasia Latreille, 1804 [teste Herting & Dely-Draskovits (1993: 409)].
FAMILY: TACHINIDAE.
REMARKS: Brauer (1893: 497), Coquillett (1910: 505), and Townsend (1916: 6) designated the same type species but were later.
 EMENDATIONS: Halophora Agassiz, 1846b: 171 (unjustified); Allophora Mik, 1894: 49 (unjustified).
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 36
Improved success probability with greater circuit depth for the quantum approximate optimization algorithm
Creators: name: Bengtsson, Andreas
name: Vikstål, Pontus
name: Warren, Christopher
name: Svensson, Marika
name: Gu, Xiu
name: Kockum, Anton Frisk
name: Krantz, Philip
name: Križan, Christian
name: Shiri, Daryoush
name: Svensson, Ida-Maria
name: Tancredi, Giovanna
name: Johansson, Göran
name: Delsing, Per
name: Ferrini, Giulia
name: Bylander, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Present-day, noisy, small or intermediate-scale quantum processors---although far from fault-tolerant---support the execution of heuristic quantum algorithms, which might enable a quantum advantage, for example, when applied to combinatorial optimization problems. On small-scale quantum processors, validations of such algorithms serve as important technology demonstrators. We implement the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) on our hardware platform, consisting of two superconducting transmon qubits and one parametrically modulated coupler. We solve small instances of the NP-complete exact-cover problem, with 96.6% success probability, by iterating the algorithm up to level two.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
MOESM1 of Association of statin use and clinical outcomes in heart failure patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Bielecka-Dabrowa, Agata
name: Ibadete Bytyรงi
name: Haehling, Stephan
name: Anker, Stefan
name: Jozwiak, Jacek
name: Rysz, Jacek
name: Hernandez, Adrian
name: Bajraktari, Gani
name: Mikhalidis, Dimitri
name: Banach, Maciej
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Cochrane criteria for RCTs. Appendix 2. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for cohort studies. Figure S1. Association of statin versus non-statin use with all-cause mortality in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure. S2. Association of statin versus non-statin use with CV mortality in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S3. Association of statin versus non-statin use hospitalization in heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S4. Association of statin versus non-statin use with all-cause mortality by type of heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S5. Association of statin versus non-statin use with CV mortality by type of heart failure only in cohort studies. Figure S6. Association of statin versus non-statin use with hospitalization by type of heart failure only in cohort studies. Table S1. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Cochrane criteria for RCTs. Table S2. Assessment of risk of bias in the included studies using Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) for cohort studies.
In Search of Present Time: Reading Carpe Diem
Creators: name: Rohland, Robert Alexander
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: carpe diem
Horace
Hellenistic
epigram
symposium
convivium
banquet
performance

description: This thesis explores the motif of carpe diem. I argue that close analysis of the carpe diem motif can make a key contribution to questions of performance, textuality, and the evocation of present time, which are central to literary studies in and beyond classics. Carpe diem texts strive to transcend writing and the page of the book, so that they become truly present. How texts wrestle with this ambition, how they approach this ideal, or consciously fall short of it, is central for understanding how poetry writes now. The period of interest for this study reaches from Alexander the Great to the Latin satirist Juvenal, that is, from the dawn of the Hellenistic period to the time of the Roman Empire. Interactions of poetry with other forms of cultural production, such as art, inscriptions, monuments and music, are central to this thesis. Chapter 1 starts by tracing the archaeology of carpe diem. I look at the Greeks’ own discourse of the past and how they constructed the origins of the motif. My focus is the hedonistic epitaph of the legendary last king of Assyria, Sardanapallus, and an epigrammatic tradition that can be linked to this epitaph. Two further chapters analyse carpe diem in Horace’s poetry. I investigate how Horace’s carpe diem poems evoke present enjoyment in ways that differ from early Greek lyric. Horace achieves this most notably through his treatment of wine (Chapter 2) and his word choice (Chapter 3). Chapter 4 analyses the relation between carpe diem and certain objects, such as cups and gems. It does so through Greek epigrams from the Garland of Philip and Latin texts of Petronius, Pliny the Elder, and Martial. This chapter combines close readings of rarely studied Greek literary epigrams with research into epigraphic sources and artefacts. Chapter 5 analyses how the carpe diem motif is cut up in anthologies and satires; the words still hint at performative song, but are now transformed into textual excerpts.
description: Cambridge School of Arts and Humanities, Faculty of Classics, Roman Society
MOESM1 of XszenFHal, a novel tryptophan 5-halogenase from Xenorhabdus szentirmaii
Creators: name: Domergue, Jérémy
name: Erdmann, Diane
name: Fossey-Jouenne, Aurélie
name: Jean-Louis Petit
name: Debard, Adrien
name: Berardinis, Véronique De
name: Vergne-Vaxelaire, Carine
name: Zaparucha, Anne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Scheme S1. Synthesis of 5,7-dichloro-L-tryptophan (17). Table S1. Enzymes used for the reference set. Table S2. Primers used for cloning of the 148 candidate FHals and the corresponding strains used for PCR gene amplification. Table S3. Kinetic parameters of FHals for which tryptophan is the metabolic substrate; comparison with the kinetic parameters of XszenFHal. Figure S1. Matrice of the reference set. Figure S2. UHPLC traces of substrates and their corresponding chlorinated derivatives. Figure S3. MS spectra of 5-chlorotryptophan. Figure S4. Secondary metabolites from Xenorhabdus szentirmaii. Figure S5. A. UHPLC trace of the tryptophan bromination reaction by XszenFHal. B. Time course of the conversion of tryptophan by XszenFHal with NaBr over time. Figure S6. Plots for determination of kinetic parameters of XszenFHal. A. Determination of the initial velocity. B. Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Figure S7. Percent identity matrix of the sequences of the 5-tryptophan halogenases.
COVID-19 Disease Diagnosis with Light-Weight CNN
Creators: name: Lella, Kranthi Kumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Medical researchers and clinical scientists have been studying the topic of respiratory sound categorization in order to classify COVID-19 disease symptoms for the past two years. In the real world, only a few AI-based (Artificial Intelligence) algorithms are frequently used to detect COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 respiratory illness symptoms from acoustic noises produced by the human respiratory system, such as acoustic voice, breathing (inhale and exhale) sounds, and cough sounds. To classify COVID-19 and other respiratory sound disease symptoms such as Asthma, Pertussis, and Bronchitis, we propose a light-weight Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) with Modified-Mel-frequency Cepstral Coefficient (M-MFCC) employing multiple depths and kernel sizes. For COVID-19/SARS-CoV-2 classification results, the proposed network beats conventional feature extraction methods and existing Deep Learning models by 4 to 10%.
Amenia Robineau-Desvoidy 1830
Creators: name: Evenhuis, Neal L.
name: O'Hara, James E.
name: Pape, Thomas
name: Pont, Adrian C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Calliphoridae
Amenia

description: 17. Amenia Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830: 443.
 ORIGINALLY INCLUDED SPECIES: Amenia imperialis Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830; Musca leonina Fabricius, 1775 (as “ Amenia leonina. R. D.”).
 TYPE SPECIES: Musca leonina Fabricius, 1775, by subsequent designation (Macquart, 1844: 116 [273]).
 CURRENT STATUS: Valid genus [teste Kurahashi (1989: 716)].
FAMILY: CALLIPHORIDAE.
 REMARKS: Although the second included species is listed as “ Amenia leonina. R. D.”, it is clear that Robineau-Desvoidy was not describing a new species but was treating Musca leonina Fabricius since he stated after the diagnosis of the genus-group name “ Je pense que la réunion de tous ces caractères empêchera aisément de confondre ce genre avec les Chrysomyes. Il renferme les plus belles Muscides connues. Il faut sans doute lui rapporter le Musca leonina de Fabricius. ”
description: Published as part of Evenhuis, Neal L., O'Hara, James E., Pape, Thomas & Pont, Adrian C., 2010, 2373, pp. 1-265 in Zootaxa 2373 on page 36