cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conformational changes in alpha 7 acetylcholine receptors underlying allosteric modulation by divalent cations
Creators: name: See, Jennifer A
name: Rosenberg, Robert L.
name: McLaughlin, James T
name: Barron, Sean C
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2009

description: Abstract Allosteric modulation of membrane receptors is a widespread mechanism by which endogenous and exogenous agents regulate receptor function. For example, several members of the nicotinic receptor family are modulated by physiological concentrations of extracellular calcium ions. In this paper, we examined conformational changes underlying this modulation and compare these with changes evoked by ACh. Two sets of residues in the α7 acetylcholine receptor extracellular domain were mutated to cysteine and analyzed by measuring the rates of modification by the thiol-specific reagent 2-aminoethylmethane thiosulfonate. Using Ba2+ as a surrogate for Ca2+, we found a divalent-dependent decrease the modification rates of cysteine substitutions at M37 and M40, residues at which rates were also slowed by ACh. In contrast, Ba2+ had no significant effect at N52C, a residue where ACh increased the rate of modification. Thus divalent modulators cause some but not all of the conformational effects elicited by agonist. Cysteine substitution of either of two glutamates (E44 or E172), thought to participate in the divalent cation binding site, caused a loss of allosteric modulation, yet Ba2+ still had a significant effect on modification rates of these residues. In addition, the effect of Ba2+ at these residues did not appear to be due to direct occlusion. Our data demonstrate that modulation by divalent cations involves substantial conformational changes in the receptor extracellular domain. Our evidence also suggests the modulation occurs via a binding site distinct from one which includes either (or both) of the conserved glutamates at E44 or E172.
Launching DataCite's Global Access Program in Asia: Improving Equity, Access, and PID Adoption
Creators: name: Mostafa, Mohamad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DataCite
Global Access Program
DOI
PID
Asia
Equity
Access
Webinar
Open Science

description: Asian countries are producing various research outputs and resources, such as datasets, dissertations, and protocols. These outputs are not getting the recognition and visibility they deserve. Adoption of persistent identifiers (PIDs) can improve the discoverability of these outputs and promote reusability by sharing them with the broader research community. DataCite is a leading global nonprofit membership organization that provides PIDs for research data and other outputs and resources. We have introduced our Global Access Program (GAP) to improve equity, access, and adoption of PID infrastructure for communities in underrepresented countries, including the Asian countries with a special focus on South Asia and South-East Asia.

 In his presentation, Mohamad Mostafa talks about DataCite Global Access Program and our efforts towards improving equity, access, and PID adoption across Asia. A recording of the presentation can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCUWegwg4E4&t=0s
Bericht des Nationalen REITOX-Knotenpunkts Deutschland an die EBDD: Drogensituation 2006/2007
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Deutschland , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: Der vorliegende Bericht zur Drogensituation in Deutschland wird für die Europäische Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht (EBDD) erstellt, eine Agentur der Europäischen Union. Die Arbeit wurde von der Deutschen Referenzstelle für die Europäische Beobachtungsstelle für Drogen und Drogensucht (DBDD) durchgeführt, in der das IFT Institut für Therapieforschung (IFT), die Bundeszentrale für gesundheitliche Aufklärung (BZgA) und die Deutsche Hauptstelle für Suchtfragen (DHS) zusammenarbeiten. Die DBDD wird finanziell durch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit und die EBDD gefördert.
Die Frequenz der Studierenden an der Universität Tübingen 1760-1962
Creators: name: Schäfer, Volker
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Student , Statistik , Eberhard Karls Universität Tübingen , Edition
subject: 020
subject: 900

description: Das Universitätsarchiv Tübingen verwahrt unter der Signatur UAT 117/142a eine Registraturakte des Akademischen Rektoramts, welche als Quadrangel 17 auch eine im Wintersemester 1909/10 angelegte handschriftliche Frequenzstatistik mit dem Titel „K Universität Tübingen / Besuch der Universität durch immatrikulierte Studierende von 1760 –“ enthält. Das Verzeichnis wurde bis zum Sommerhalbjahr 1962 fortgeführt.
Extremal functions in de Branges and Euclidean spaces II
Creators: name: Carneiro, Emanuel
name: Littmann, Friedrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 41A30, 46E22, 41A05, 41A63

description: This paper presents the Gaussian subordination framework to generate optimal one-sided approximations to multidimensional real-valued functions by functions of prescribed exponential type. Such extremal problems date back to the works of Beurling and Selberg and provide a variety of applications in analysis and analytic number theory. Here we majorize and minorize (on $\mathbb{R}^N$) the Gaussian ${\bf x} \mapsto e^{-πλ|{\bf x}|^2}$, where $λ>0$ is a free parameter, by functions with distributional Fourier transforms supported on Euclidean balls, optimizing weighted $L^1$-errors. By integrating the parameter $λ$ against suitable measures, we solve the analogous problem for a wide class of radial functions. Applications to inequalities and periodic analogues are discussed. The constructions presented here rely on the theory of de Branges spaces of entire functions and on new interpolations tools derived from the theory of Laplace transforms of Laguerre-Pólya functions.
description: 31 pages. To appear in Amer. J. Math
Use of Theory of Planned Behavior to Explain the Intra-Ocular Pressure Control Medication Use Behavior in Geriatric Patients at Ophthalmology Clinic, Ramathibodi Hospital
Creators: name: Arwika Aryuman
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Theory of planned behavior
Intra-ocular pressure control medication
Glaucoma

description: Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 41, 1, 27-37
Demographic Profiles of Sexual Abused Cases in HRH Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn Medical Center
Creators: name: Apichai Pangsorn
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sexual assault
Rape
Forensic medicine

description: Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 41, 1, 38-47
Photographic Protocol for Image Acquisition in Craniofacial Microsomia
Creators: name: Pimenta, Luiz
name: Drake, Amelia F
name: Vivaldi, Daniela
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2011

description: Abstract Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is a congenital condition associated with orbital, mandibular, ear, nerve, and soft tissue anomalies. We present a standardized, two-dimensional, digital photographic protocol designed to capture the common craniofacial features associated with CFM.
Importance of PIDs for Academic Researchers
Creators: name: Erwin, Dasapta
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DataCite
DOI
Researchers
Open Science
PID
Webinar
Asia

description: Asian countries are producing various research outputs and resources, such as datasets, dissertations, and protocols. These outputs are not getting the recognition and visibility they deserve. Adoption of persistent identifiers (PIDs) can improve the discoverability of these outputs and promote reusability by sharing them with the broader research community. DataCite is a leading global nonprofit membership organization that provides PIDs for research data and other outputs and resources. We have introduced our Global Access Program (GAP) to improve equity, access, and adoption of PID infrastructure for communities in underrepresented countries, including the Asian countries with a special focus on South Asia and South-East Asia.

 In his presentation, Dr. Dasapta Erwin talks about the importance of PIDs for academic researchers with a focus on the Indonesian research community. A recording of the presentation can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCUWegwg4E4&t=2484s
Hierarchical surface code for network quantum computing with modules of arbitrary size
Creators: name: Li, Ying
name: Benjamin, Simon C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The network paradigm for quantum computing involves interconnecting many modules to form a scalable machine. Typically it is assumed that the links between modules are prone to noise while operations within modules have significantly higher fidelity. To optimise fault tolerance in such architectures we introduce a hierarchical generalisation of the surface code: a small `patch' of the code exists within each module, and constitutes a single effective qubit of the logic-level surface code. Errors primarily occur in a two-dimensional subspace, i.e. patch perimeters extruded over time, and the resulting noise threshold for inter-module links can exceed ~ 10% even in the absence of purification. Increasing the number of qubits within each module decreases the number of qubits necessary for encoding a logical qubit. But this advantage is relatively modest, and broadly speaking a `fine grained' network of small modules containing only ~ 8 qubits is competitive in total qubit count versus a `course' network with modules containing many hundreds of qubits.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures
Charmonium description from a generalized screened potential model
Creators: name: González, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalized screened potential model (GSPM), recently developed to study the bottomonium spectrum, is applied to the calculation of charmonium masses and electromagnetic widths. The presence in the GSPM of more quark-antiquark bound states than in conventional non screened potential models, allows for the assignment of GSPM states to cataloged non conventional $J^{++}$ charmonium resonances as well as for the prediction of new (non cataloged) $J^{++}$ states. The results obtained seem to indicate that a reasonable overall description of $J^{++}$ charmonium resonances is feasible.
description: 23 pages and 4 figures
The Imaging Findings of the Brain Lesions in Adult HIV Patients at Ramathibodi Hospital
Creators: name: Wiboon Suriyajakryuththana
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Year: 2018
Subjects: CT
MRI
HIV
Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome
Highly active antiretroviral therapy

description: Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 41, 1, 58-73
Management of Post Dural Puncture Headache: An Evidence-Based Approach
Creators: name: Sangkum, Lisa
Publisher: name: Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Postdural puncture headache
Neuraxial anesthesia
Risk factors
Management of postdural puncture headache

description: Ramathibodi Medical Journal, 41, 1, 82-94
Modelling attrition and nonparticipation in a longitudinal study of prostate cancer
Creators: name: Brennan, Christine S
name: Spiers, Samantha
name: Oral, Evrim
name: Fontham, Elizabeth T H
name: Mohler, James L
name: Bensen, Jeannette T
name: Peters, Edward S
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                Attrition occurs when a participant fails to respond to one or more study waves. The accumulation of attrition over several waves can lower the sample size and power and create a final sample that could differ in characteristics than those who drop out. The main reason to conduct a longitudinal study is to analyze repeated measures; research subjects who drop out cannot be replaced easily. Our group recently investigated factors affecting nonparticipation (refusal) in the first wave of a population-based study of prostate cancer. In this study we assess factors affecting attrition in the second wave of the same study. We compare factors affecting nonparticipation in the second wave to the ones affecting nonparticipation in the first wave.
                Methods
                Information available on participants in the first wave was used to model attrition. Different sources of attrition were investigated separately. The overall and race-stratified factors affecting attrition were assessed. Kaplan-Meier survival curve estimates were calculated to assess the impact of follow-up time on participation.
                Results
                High cancer aggressiveness was the main predictor of attrition due to death or frailty. Higher Charlson Comorbidity Index increased the odds of attrition due to death or frailty only in African Americans (AAs). Young age at diagnosis for AAs and low income for European Americans (EAs) were predictors for attrition due to lost to follow-up. High cancer aggressiveness for AAs, low income for EAs, and lower patient provider communication scores for EAs were predictors for attrition due to refusal. These predictors of nonparticipation were not the same as those in wave 1. For short follow-up time, the participation probability of EAs was higher than that of AAs.
                Conclusions
                Predictors of attrition can vary depending on the attrition source. Examining overall attrition (combining all sources of attrition under one category) instead of distinguishing among its different sources should be avoided. The factors affecting attrition in one wave can be different in a later wave and should be studied separately.
Sunspot rotation. I. A consequence of flux emergence
Creators: name: Sturrock, Z.
name: Hood, A. W.
name: Archontis, V.
name: McNeill, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Solar eruptions and high flare activity often accompany the rapid rotation of sunspots. The study of sunspot rotation and the mechanisms driving this motion are therefore key to our understanding of how the solar atmosphere attains the conditions necessary for large energy release. Aims. We aim to demonstrate and investigate the rotation of sunspots in a 3D numerical experiment of the emergence of a magnetic flux tube as it rises through the solar interior and emerges into the atmosphere. Furthermore, we seek to show that the sub-photospheric twist stored in the interior is injected into the solar atmosphere by means of a definitive rotation of the sunspots. Methods. A numerical experiment is performed to solve the 3D resistive magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations using a Lagrangian-Remap code. We track the emergence of a toroidal flux tube as it rises through the solar interior and emerges into the atmosphere investigating various quantities related to both the magnetic field and plasma. Results. Through detailed analysis of the numerical experiment, we find clear evidence that the photospheric footprints or sunspots of the flux tube undergo a rotation. Significant vertical vortical motions are found to develop within the two polarity sources after the field emerges. These rotational motions are found to leave the interior portion of the field untwisted and twist up the atmospheric portion of the field. This is shown by our analysis of the relative magnetic helicity as a significant portion of the interior helicity is transported to the atmosphere. In addition, there is a substantial transport of magnetic energy to the atmosphere. Rotation angles are also calculated by tracing selected fieldlines; the fieldlines threading through the sunspot are found to rotate through angles of up to 353 degrees over the course of the experiment.
MPEC 2023-T26 : 2023 TN
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TN

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
The Value of Persistent Identifiers: Case Study of NTU Research Data Repository
Creators: name: Wirawati, Yuyun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DataCite
Global Access Program
DOI
Open Research
Case Study
Data Repository
Webinar

description: Asian countries are producing various research outputs and resources, such as datasets, dissertations, and protocols. These outputs are not getting the recognition and visibility they deserve. Adoption of persistent identifiers (PIDs) can improve the discoverability of these outputs and promote reusability by sharing them with the broader research community. DataCite is a leading global nonprofit membership organization that provides PIDs for research data and other outputs and resources. We have introduced our Global Access Program (GAP) to improve equity, access, and adoption of PID infrastructure for communities in underrepresented countries, including the Asian countries with a special focus on South Asia and South-East Asia.

 In her presentation, Yuyun Wirawati talks about the case study of integrating NTU research data repository with DataCite DOIs. A recording of the presentation can be found here: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nCUWegwg4E4&t=1903s
Pionic dispersion relations in the presence of a weak magnetic field
Creators: name: Adhya, Souvik Priyam
name: Mandal, Mahatsab
name: Biswas, Subhrajyoti
name: Roy, Pradip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, dispersion relations of $π^0$ and $π^{\pm}$ have been studied in vacuum in the limit of weak external magnetic field using a phenomenological pion-nucleon $(πN)$ Lagrangian. For our purpose, we have calculated the results up to one loop order in self energy diagrams with the pseudoscalar $(PS)$ and pseudovector $(PV)$ pion-nucleon interactions. By assuming weak external magnetic field it is seen that the effective mass of pion gets explicit magnetic field dependence and it is modified significantly for the case of PS coupling. However, for the PV coupling, only a modest increase in the effective mass is observed. These modified dispersion relations due to the presence of the external field can have substantial influence in the phenomenological aspect of the mesons both in the context of neutron stars as well as relativistic heavy ion collisions.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures (matches published version)
Plagiarism in submitted manuscripts: incidence, characteristics and optimization of screening—case study in a major specialty medical journal
Creators: name: Lin, Feng-Chang
name: Evans, James P
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background Plagiarism is common and threatens the integrity of the scientific literature. However, its detection is time consuming and difficult, presenting challenges to editors and publishers who are entrusted with ensuring the integrity of published literature. Methods In this study, the extent of plagiarism in manuscripts submitted to a major specialty medical journal was documented. We manually curated submitted manuscripts and deemed an article contained plagiarism if one sentence had 80 % of the words copied from another published paper. Commercial plagiarism detection software was utilized and its use was optimized. Results In 400 consecutively submitted manuscripts, 17 % of submissions contained unacceptable levels of plagiarized material with 82 % of plagiarized manuscripts submitted from countries where English was not an official language. Using the most commonly employed commercial plagiarism detection software, sensitivity and specificity were studied with regard to the generated plagiarism score. The cutoff score maximizing both sensitivity and specificity was 15 % (sensitivity 84.8 % and specificity 80.5 %). Conclusions Plagiarism was a common occurrence among manuscripts submitted for publication to a major American specialty medical journal and most manuscripts with plagiarized material were submitted from countries in which English was not an official language. The use of commercial plagiarism detection software can be optimized by selecting a cutoff score that reflects desired sensitivity and specificity.
Effective Wall Friction in Wall-Bounded 3D Dense Granular Flows
Creators: name: Artoni, Riccardo
name: Richard, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report numerical simulations on granular shear flows confined between two flat but frictional sidewalls. Novel regimes differing by their strain localization features are observed. They originate from the competition between dissipation at the sidewalls and dissipation in the bulk of the flow. The effective friction at sidewalls is characterized (effective friction coefficient and orientation of the friction force) for each regime, and its interdependence with slip and force fluctuations is pointed out. We propose a simple scaling law linking the slip velocity to the granular temperature in the main flow direction which leads naturally to another scaling law for the effective friction.
description: to be published in Physical Review LettersThe numerical simulations were carried out at theCCIPL (Centre de Calcul Intensif des Pays de la Loire)under the project MTEEGD
Jahresbericht über den Stand der Drogenproblematik in der Europäischen Union
2001
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
A Lagrangian model of copepod dynamics: Clustering by escape jumps in turbulence
Creators: name: Ardeshiri, Hamidreza
name: Benkeddad, Ibtissem
name: Schmitt, François G.
name: Souissi, Sami
name: Toschi, Federico
name: Calzavarini, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Planktonic copepods are small crustaceans that have the ability to swim by quick powerful jumps. Such an aptness is used to escape from high shear regions, which may be caused either by flow per- turbations, produced by a large predator (i.e., fish larvae), or by the inherent highly turbulent dynamics of the ocean. Through a combined experimental and numerical study, we investigate the impact of jumping behaviour on the small-scale patchiness of copepods in a turbulent environment. Recorded velocity tracks of copepods displaying escape response jumps in still water are here used to define and tune a Lagrangian Copepod (LC) model. The model is further employed to simulate the behaviour of thousands of copepods in a fully developed hydrodynamic turbulent flow obtained by direct numerical simulation of the Navier-Stokes equations. First, we show that the LC velocity statistics is in qualitative agreement with available experimental observations of copepods in tur- bulence. Second, we quantify the clustering of LC, via the fractal dimension $D_2$. We show that $D_2$ can be as low as ~ 2.3 and that it critically depends on the shear-rate sensitivity of the proposed LC model, in particular it exhibits a minimum in a narrow range of shear-rate values. We further investigate the effect of jump intensity, jump orientation and geometrical aspect ratio of the copepods on the small-scale spatial distribution. At last, possible ecological implications of the observed clustering on encounter rates and mating success are discussed
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Annual report on the state of the drugs problem in the European Union
1999
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Stand der Drogenproblematik in der Europäischen Union und in Norwegen
Jahresbericht 2003
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Norwegen , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Affine-ruled varieties without the Laurent cancellation property
Creators: name: Dubouloz, Adrien
name: Poloni, Pierre-Marie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a method to construct hypersurfaces of the complex affine $n$-space with isomorphic $\mathbb{C}^*$-cylinders. Among these hypersurfaces, we find new explicit counterexamples to the Laurent Cancellation Problem, i.e. hypersurfaces that are non isomorphic, although their $\mathbb{C}^*$-cylinders are isomorphic as abstract algebraic varieties. We also provide examples of non isomorphic varieties $X$ and $Y$ with isomorphic cartesian squares $X\times X$ and $Y\times Y$.
The state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway
Annual report 2003
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Norwegen , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Stand der Drogenproblematik in der Europäischen Union und in Norwegen
Jahresbericht 2004
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Norwegen , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
A practical phase gate for producing Bell violations in Majorana wires
Creators: name: Clarke, David J.
name: Sau, Jay D.
name: Sarma, Sankar Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gottesman-Knill theorem holds that operations from the Clifford group, when combined with preparation and detection of qubit states in the computational basis, are insufficient for universal quantum computation. Indeed, any measurement results in such a system could be reproduced within a local hidden variable theory, so that there is no need for a quantum mechanical explanation and therefore no possibility of quantum speedup. Unfortunately, Clifford operations are precisely the ones available through braiding and measurement in systems supporting non-Abelian Majorana zero modes, which are otherwise an excellent candidate for topologically protected quantum computation. In order to move beyond the classically simulable subspace, an additional phase gate is required. This phase gate allows the system to violate the Bell-like CHSH inequality that would constrain a local hidden variable theory. In this article, we both demonstrate the procedure for measuring Bell violations in Majorana systems and introduce a new type of phase gate for the already existing semiconductor-based Majorana wire systems. We conclude with an experimentally feasible schematic combining the two, which should potentially lead to the demonstration of Bell violation in a Majorana experiment in the near future. Our work also naturally leads to a well-defined platform for universal fault-tolerant quantum computation using Majorana zero modes, which we describe.
description: 11 pages, 13 figures; Title and references updated
Standardization of methods to measure plastic pollution by 2024? EUROqCHARM faces up to the challenge
Creators: name: Lusher, Amy L.
name: van Bavel, Bert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Poster presented at 7th International Marine Debris Conference, Busan, South Korea. 19th – 23rd September 2022
The state of the drugs problem in the European Union and Norway
Annual report 2004
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Norwegen , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Simplified antibiotic regimens for treating neonates and young infants with severe infections in the Democratic Republic of Congo: a comparative efficacy trial
Creators: name: Lokangaka, Adrien
name: Qazi, Shamim
name: Bauserman, Melissa
name: Bose, Carl
name: Tshefu, Antoinette
name: Engmann, Cyril
name: Coppieters, Yves
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background One-quarter of neonatal and infant deaths are due to infection, and the majority of these deaths occur in developing countries. Standard treatment for infection, which includes parenteral treatment only, is often not available in low-resource settings. Infant mortality will not be reduced in developing countries without a reduction in deaths due to infection. We participated in a multi-site trial that demonstrated the effectiveness of three simplified antibiotic regimens compared to standard treatment (The AFRINEST Trial: parent study). For this report, we examined the site-specific data for the Democratic Republic Congo (DRC), the most impoverished of the countries that participated in the study, to determine if outcomes in the DRC were similar to outcomes across all sites. Methods The parent study was an individually randomized, open-label, equivalence trial. Infants with clinical signs of severe infection were randomized to receive one of four regimens: 1) injectable penicillin-gentamicin for 7 days (standard therapy; regimen A), 2) injectable gentamicin and oral amoxicillin for 7 days (regimen B), 3) injectable penicillin-gentamicin for 2 days then oral amoxicillin for 5 days (regimen C), or 4) injectable gentamicin for 2 days and oral amoxicillin for 5 days (regimen D). In the DRC, we enrolled 574 infants, of whom 560 met the per-protocol criteria for analysis of treatment effect. The main outcome was treatment failure within the first week of enrollment. Results Treatment failure occurred in 52 (9.3%) infants: 17 (11.6%) with the referent treatment regimen, 13 (9.6%) with regimen B (risk difference [RD] -2.0%; CI -9.2% to 5.2%), 13 (9.0%) with regimen C (RD -2.6%; CI -9.6% to 4.4%), and 9 (6.7%) with regimen D (RD -5.0%; CI -11.7% to 1.7%). Conclusion As in the parent study, the risk difference between each of the experimental treatments and the reference treatment suggests equivalence. These findings suggest that the conclusion from the parent study, that a simplified antibiotic regimen can be used for the community-based management of possible severe infection in young infants where referral to a hospital for standard care is often not possible, is true in the DRC. We speculate that the widespread use of a simplified, community-based treatment could result in increased coverage with treatment and improved survival in poor areas. Trial registration ACTRN12610000286044 on April 9, 2010.
Stand der Drogenproblematik in Europa
Jahresbericht 2006
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
Functorial Constructions for Non-associative Algebras with Applications to Quasi-bialgebras
Creators: name: Ardizzoni, Alessandro
name: Kaoutit, Laiachi El
name: Saracco, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 17A01, 17B62, Secondary 16T99, 18D25

description: The aim of this paper is to establish a contravariant adjunction between the category of quasi-bialgebras and a suitable full subcategory of dual quasi-bialgebras, adapting the notion of finite dual to this framework. Various functorial constructions involving non-associative algebras and non-coassociative coalgebras are then carried out. Several examples illustrating our methods are expounded as well.
The state of the drugs problem in Europe
Annual report 2006
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Europäische Union , Drogenmissbrauch , Statistik
subject: 360
subject: 610

description: The report on the state of the drugs problem in Europe presents the EMCDDA's yearly overview of the drug phenomenon. This is an essential reference book for policy-makers, specialists and practitioners in the drugs field or indeed anyone seeking the latest findings on drugs in Europe. Published every autumn, the report contains non-confidential data supported by an extensive range of figures.
The Mid-Infrared Instrument for the James Webb Space Telescope, X. Operations and Data Reduction
Creators: name: Gordon, Karl D.
name: Chen, C. H.
name: Anderson, Rachel E.
name: Azzollini, Ruyman
name: Bergeron, L.
name: Bouchet, Patrice
name: Bouwman, Jeroen
name: Cracraft, Misty
name: Fischer, Sebastian
name: Friedman, Scott D.
name: Garcia-Marin, Macarena
name: Glasse, Alistair
name: Glauser, Adrian M.
name: Goodson, G. B.
name: Greene, T. P.
name: Hines, Dean C.
name: Khorrami, M. A.
name: Lahuis, Fred
name: Lajoie, C. -P.
name: Meixner, M. E.
name: Morrison, Jane E.
name: O'Sullivan, Brian
name: Pontoppidan, K. M.
name: Regan, M. W.
name: Ressler, M. E.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Scheithauer, Silvia
name: Walker, Helen
name: Wright, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the operations concept and data reduction plan for the Mid- Infrared Instrument (MIRI) for the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST). The overall JWST operations concept is to use Observation Templates (OTs) to provide a straightforward and intuitive way for users to specify observations. MIRI has four OTs that correspond to the four observing modes: 1.) Imaging, 2.) Coronagraphy, 3.) Low Resolution Spectroscopy, and 4.) Medium Resolution Spectroscopy. We outline the user choices and expansion of these choices into detailed instrument operations. The data reduction plans for MIRI are split into three stages, where the specificity of the reduction steps to the observation type increases with stage. The reduction starts with integration ramps: stage 1 yields uncalibrated slope images; stage 2 calibrates the slope images; and then stage 3 combines multiple calibrated slope images into high level data products (e.g. mosaics, spectral cubes, and extracted source information). Finally, we give examples of the data and data products that will be derived from each of the four different OTs.
Hospital recruitment for a pragmatic cluster-randomized clinical trial: Lessons learned from the COMPASS study
Creators: name: Jones, Sara B
name: Johnson, Anna M
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna
name: Mettam, Laurie H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background Pragmatic randomized clinical trials are essential to determine the effectiveness of interventions in “real-world” clinical practice. These trials frequently use a cluster-randomized methodology, with randomization at the site level. Despite policymakers’ increased interest in supporting pragmatic randomized clinical trials, no studies to date have reported on the unique recruitment challenges faced by cluster-randomized pragmatic trials. We investigated key challenges and successful strategies for hospital recruitment in the Comprehensive Post-Acute Stroke Services (COMPASS) study. Methods The COMPASS study is designed to compare the effectiveness of the COMPASS model versus usual care in improving functional outcomes, reducing the numbers of hospital readmissions, and reducing caregiver strain for patients discharged home after stroke or transient ischemic attack. This model integrates early supported discharge planning with transitional care management, including nurse-led follow-up phone calls after 2, 30, and 60 days and an in-person clinic visit at 7–14 days involving a functional assessment and neurological examination. We present descriptive statistics of the characteristics of successfully recruited hospitals compared with all eligible hospitals, reasons for non-participation, and effective recruitment strategies. Results We successfully recruited 41 (43%) of 95 eligible North Carolina hospitals. Leading, non-exclusive reasons for non-participation included: insufficient staff or financial resources (n = 33, 61%), lack of health system support (n = 16, 30%), and lack of support of individual decision-makers (n = 11, 20%). Successful recruitment strategies included: building and nurturing relationships, engaging team members and community partners with a diverse skill mix, identifying gatekeepers, finding mutually beneficial solutions, having a central institutional review board, sharing published pilot data, and integrating contracts and review board administrators. Conclusions Although we incorporated strategies based on the best available evidence at the outset of the study, hospital recruitment required three times as much time and considerably more staff than anticipated. To reach our goal, we tailored strategies to individuals, hospitals, and health systems. Successful recruitment of a sufficient number and representative mix of hospitals requires considerable preparation, planning, and flexibility. Strategies presented here may assist future trial organizers in implementing cluster-randomized pragmatic trials. Trial registration Clinicaltrials.gov, NCT02588664 . Registered on 23 October 2015.
Activist Model of Political Party Growth
Creators: name: Jeffs, Rebecca A.
name: Hayward, John
name: Roach, Paul A.
name: Wyburn, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The membership of British political parties has a direct influence on their political effectiveness. This paper applies the mathematics of epidemiology to the analysis of the growth and decline of such memberships. The party members are divided into activists and inactive members, where all activists influence the quality of party recruitment, but only a subset of activists recruit and thus govern numerical growth. The activists recruit for only a limited period, which acts as a restriction on further party growth. This Limited Activist model is applied to post-war and recent memberships of the Labour, Scottish National and Conservative parties. The model reproduces data trends, and relates realistically to historical narratives. It is concluded that the political parties analysed are not in danger of extinction but experience repeated periods of growth and decline in membership, albeit at lower numbers than in the past.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 8, tables. To be published in Physica A
Traction force microscopy on soft elastic substrates: a guide to recent computational advances
Creators: name: Schwarz, Ulrich S.
name: Soine, Jerome R. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of cellular traction forces on soft elastic substrates has become a standard tool for many labs working on mechanobiology. Here we review the basic principles and different variants of this approach. In general, the extraction of the substrate displacement field from image data and the reconstruction procedure for the forces are closely linked to each other and limited by the presence of experimental noise. We discuss different strategies to reconstruct cellular forces as they follow from the foundations of elasticity theory, including two- versus three-dimensional, inverse versus direct and linear versus non-linear approaches. We also discuss how biophysical models can improve force reconstruction and comment on practical issues like substrate preparation, image processing and the availability of software for traction force microscopy.
description: Revtex, 29 pages, 3 PDF figures, 2 tables. BBA - Molecular Cell Research, online since 27 May 2015, special issue on mechanobiology
The Power of Multi-Matrix Monitoring in the Pan-Arctic Region: Plastics in Water and Sediment
Creators: name: Martin, Jake
name: Granberg, Maria
name: Provencher, Jennifer F.
name: Liborion, Max
name: Pijogge, Liz
name: Magnusson, Kerstin
name: Hallanger, Ingeborg G.
name: Bergmann, Melanie
name: Aliani, Stefano
name: Gomiero, Alessio
name: Grøsvik, Bjørn E.
name: Vermaire, Jesse C.
name: Primpke, Sebastian
name: Lusher, Amy L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Poster presented at SETAC Europe 32nd Annual Meeting, Copenhagen, Denmark, 15-19th May 2021.
Consistency of the Plug-In Estimator of the Entropy Rate for Ergodic Processes
Creators: name: Dębowski, Łukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A17, 62F10, 94A29

description: A plug-in estimator of entropy is the entropy of the distribution where probabilities of symbols or blocks have been replaced with their relative frequencies in the sample. Consistency and asymptotic unbiasedness of the plug-in estimator can be easily demonstrated in the IID case. In this paper, we ask whether the plug-in estimator can be used for consistent estimation of the entropy rate $h$ of a stationary ergodic process. The answer is positive if, to estimate block entropy of order $k$, we use a sample longer than $2^{k(h+ε)}$, whereas it is negative if we use a sample shorter than $2^{k(h-ε)}$. In particular, if we do not know the entropy rate $h$, it is sufficient to use a sample of length $(|X|+ε)^{k}$ where $|X|$ is the alphabet size. The result is derived using $k$-block coding. As a by-product of our technique, we also show that the block entropy of a stationary process is bounded above by a nonlinear function of the average block entropy of its ergodic components. This inequality can be used for an alternative proof of the known fact that the entropy rate a stationary process equals the average entropy rate of its ergodic components.
description: 5 pages
O and Fe abundance correlations and distributions inferred for the thick and thin disk
Creators: name: Caimmi, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A linear [Fe/H]-[O/H] relation is found for different stellar populations in the Galaxy (halo, thick disk, thin disk) from a data sample obtained in a recent investigation (Ram{\'ı}rez et al. 2013). These correlations support previous results inferred from poorer samples: stars display a "main sequence" expressed as [Fe/H] = $a$[O/H$]+b\mpΔb$ where a unit slope, $a=1$, implies a constant [O/Fe] abundance ratio. Oxygen and iron empirical abundance distributions are then determined for different subsamples, which are well explained by the theoretical predictions of multistage closed-(box+reservoir) (MCBR) chemical evolution models by taking into account the found correlations. The interpretation of these distributions in the framework of MCBR models gives us clues about inflow/outflow rates in these different Galactic regions and their corresponding evolution. Outflow rate for the thick and the thin disks are lower than the halo outflow rate. Moreover if the thin disk built up from the thick disk, both systems result of comparable masses. Besides that, the iron-to-oxygen yield ratio and the primary to not primary contribution ratio for the iron production are obtained from the data, resulting consistent with SNII progenitor nucleosynthesis and with the iron production from SNIa supernova events.
description: 44 pages, 12 tables and 8 figures. A reduced version of the current paper has been accepted for publication on SAJ