cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Accounting for enforcement is essential to improve the spatial allocation of marine restricted-use zoning systems
Creators: name: Davis, Katrina
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Kragt, Marit
name: Gelcich, Stefan
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Davis, Katrina
name: Pannell, David J.
name: Kragt, Marit
name: Gelcich, Stefan
name: Schilizzi, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Spatial optimization
subject: conservation planning
subject: linear programming
subject: marine stakeholders
subject: reserve design
subject: territorial user rights

description: Growing industrial and consumer demands are negatively affecting fish stocks, which are increasingly extracted above sustainable levels. Successful management of marine resources through restricted use zoning systems such as reserves and territorial user rights schemes relies on support from marine stakeholders; particularly coastal fishing communities. Restricted use zoning results in both management costs and benefits to stakeholders. To increase support for management decisions these need to be taken into account when designing optimal marine management. A linear spatial optimisation model was developed to identify zoning solutions which maximize fishers’ revenue, while meeting conservation targets. Targets were based on maximum population abundance levels for two invertebrate and three reef fish species in Chile. Revenue was maximised by allocating the study area to different management zones: no-take, territorial user rights for fishing (TURFs), or open access. Costs are incurred to enforce no-take and TURF areas; but enforcement results in higher species abundance by preventing poaching and overfishing. Several scenarios were analysed to determine the impact of enforcement on revenue. Results demonstrated net benefits from enforcement: revenue under scenarios with enforcement was approximately 50% higher than under scenarios without it; and enforced-TURF areas were preferentially selected over other zones. Enforcement costs are one of the chief reasons that fishers in the study area stop actively managing TURFS. However, our analysis demonstrates that the often hidden benefits of enforcement far exceed the visible costs. These findings highlight the importance of accounting for both the benefits and costs of management in marine spatial design; particularly as they relate to marine stakeholders.
description: Please cite the peer-reviewed version of this working paper. The paper has been published as: Davis, K., M. Kragt, S. Gelcich, S. Schilizzi, and D. Pannell. 2014. Accounting for Enforcement Costs in the Spatial Allocation of Marine Zones. Conservation Biology. DOI 10.1111/cobi.12358
description: Please cite the peer-reviewed version of this working paper. The paper has been published as: Davis, K., M. Kragt, S. Gelcich, S. Schilizzi, and D. Pannell. 2015. Accounting for Enforcement Costs in the Spatial Allocation of Marine Zones. Conservation Biology. 29, 226-237. DOI 10.1111/cobi.12358
Additional file 2 of Genome-wide identification and transcriptional characterization of DNA methyltransferases conferring temperature-sensitive male sterility in wheat
Creators: name: Li, Dan
name: Feng, Bian-E
name: Liu, Yong-Jie
name: Gong, Jie
name: Tang, Yi-Miao
name: Zhang, Li-Ping
name: Pang, Bin-Shuang
name: Sun, Ren-Wei
name: Zhang, Feng-Ting
name: Chen, Zhao-Bo
name: Wang, Yong-Bo
name: Chen, Xian-Chao
name: Wang, Ai-Ping
name: Zhao, Chang-Ping
name: Gao, Shi-Qing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Conserved domain analysis of DMT genes in wheat. Fig. S2. Conserved motifs of DMT genes in wheat. Fig. S3. Analysis of the cis-acting elements in the promoters of TaCMT-D2, TaMET1-B1, TaDRM-U6, and TaRAFTIN1A.
(Anti-)nuclei production and flow in pp, p--Pb and Pb--Pb collisions with ALICE
Creators: name: Hornung, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy pp, p--Pb, and Pb--Pb collisions at the LHC offer a unique opportunity to study the production of light (anti-)nuclei. The study of the production yield of (anti-)nuclei in heavy-ion collisions at LHC energies probes the late stages in the evolution of the hot, dense nuclear matter created in the collision. Measurements performed in smaller collision systems are crucial to understand how the production mechanism evolves going from small to large systems. The results on the determination of the (anti-)nuclei yields will be complemented by the measurement of their azimuthal anisotropic production. This is a powerful tool to gain insight into the production mechanism of light nuclei in relativistic ion collisions: in particular, it will help to distinguish between coalescence and hydrodynamic models. The coalescence parameter and the nuclei-to-proton ratio is studied as a function of the system size, showing a smooth transition from low to high values of the charged-particle multiplicity density. The experimental results can be described with the canonical statistical hadronization model as well as the coalescence approach within uncertainties. The theoretical description of the new results on the measurement of the elliptic and the triangular flow of deuterons and $^3$He produced in Pb--Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} = 5.02$ TeV requires more sophisticated coalescence and statistical hadronization models.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, proceeding of EPS-HEP 2019 conference, 10-17 July, 2019, Ghent, Belgium
Rustia Stal 1866
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Rustia

description: Genus Rustia Stål, 1866
Rustia Stål, 1866a: 8.
Type species: Cicada dentivitta Walker, 1862.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Compliance, cooperation, and credibility: institutions and enforcement in California groundwater
Creators: name: Skurray, James H.
name: Skurray, James H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Institutions
subject: governance
subject: common-pool resources
subject: commons
subject: collective action
subject: institutional analysis
subject: sustainability
subject: coercion
subject: institutional design
subject: groundwater management
subject: voluntary compliance

description: The success of any groundwater management plan depends on user compliance. There is an intimate relationship between regulatory regimes and pumper perceptions. As well as its enforcement powers, an agency's behavior sends information to users. While enforcement power need not always be used to be effective, it must be seen as credible as well as legitimate. Perceived legitimacy has different sources – or may be lacking – depending on the origins, and implementation, of the regulatory apparatus. This paper examines a number of California groundwater basins, employing variables from Ostrom's analytical frameworks. In comparison with a West Australian regulated basin - where compliance is low, monitoring weak, and enforcement ineffective - we examine the effect on compliance of the adjudicated basin approach. We focus on the role of enforcement provisions, and their origins and implementation, in shaping appropriator attitudes towards compliance. Key attributes of effective systems include perceived legitimacy among users, mutual visibility of actions, and the credible threat of enforcement or sanction. We examine the extent to which 'administrative adjudications' may more cost-effectively provide the benefits of court adjudications. The paper illustrates that monitoring and enforcement are more effective and less costly when institutions encourage cooperation than when they promote competition. While norms, social capital, and trust must bear upon and inform the types of rules chosen at the collective-choice level, they also arise from the operation of those rules – i.e., from users' iterative reactions to the arrangements chosen. Groundwater management plans should incorporate design elements encouraging collaborative attitudes among users.
More evidence for hidden spiral and bar features in bright early-type dwarf galaxies
Creators: name: Barazza, Fabio D.
name: Binggeli, Bruno
name: Jerjen, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the discovery of spiral structure in IC3328 (Jerjen et al.~2000), we present further evidence that a sizable fraction of bright early-type dwarfs in the Virgo cluster are genuine disk galaxies, or are hosting a disk component. Among a sample of 23 nucleated dwarf ellipticals and dS0s observed with the Very Large Telescope in $B$ and $R$, we found another four systems exhibiting non-axisymmetric structures, such as a bar and/or spiral arms, indicative of a disk (IC0783, IC3349, NGC4431, IC3468). Particularly remarkable are the two-armed spiral pattern in IC0783 and the bar and trailing arms in NGC4431. For both galaxies the disk nature has recently been confirmed by a rotation velocity measurement (Simien & Prugniel 2002). Our photometric search is based on a Fourier decomposition method and a specific version of unsharp masking. Some ``early-type'' dwarfs in the Virgo cluster seem to be former late-type galaxies which were transformed to early-type morphology, e.g. by ``harassment'', during their infall to the cluster, while maintaining part of their disk structure.
description: A&A accepted
UNDERSTANDING THE PATHOLOGICAL EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS MONOMERIC TAU PROTEIN AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF NOVEL TREATMENTS FOR ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE
Creators: name: Robbins, Miranda
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Neurscience
Alzheimer's disease
immunotherapy
biotechnology
Tau protein

description: Microtubule-associated protein tau (tau) is known to play a role in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) through pathways resulting in the gradual formation of neurofibrillary tangles. The uptake of monomeric tau from the extracellular medium, and its aggregation at low pH inside of neurons has previously been shown by the group, but any pathophysiological effects of this aggregation remain unclear. Tau pathology has also been shown to be dependent upon synaptic activity, which hints to the role of neuronal activity in the pathway leading to toxicity. Synaptic impairment followed by synapse loss are thought to be the first points of pathology that are seen during AD and result in symptoms of memory loss. This project aims to better understand the pathway through which aggregation of monomeric tau at low pH inside of endolysosomal compartments relates to pathology including impairment to synaptic function at the earliest stages of cytotoxicity. Through better understanding the pathways to aggregation and synaptic impairment, better therapeutic targets can be discovered. Alongside understanding tau pathology, this project aims to rescue symptoms by developing novel methods of treatment based on immunotherapies and neural stem cell prosthetics. Through this project, a novel electrophysiological phenotype has been found. The uptake of monomeric tau taken into neurons results in an activity-dependent depression of synaptic transmission. The mechanisms through which this pathology occurs have been explored through studies investigating the relationship of tau aggregation to calcium ion concentration and different cell stimulation mechanisms. Technology including microfluidic culture chips and microelectrode arrays have been developed to further identify how tau protein affects spontaneous activity and evoked responses of neurons. Novel therapeutic methods including metal organic frameworks grafted with immunotherapy and biofunctionalised scaffolds for enhanced neural stem cell implantation have been developed. These may prove beneficial for early and late stage treatments of Alzheimer’s disease.
Volunteering and Life or Financial Shocks: Does Income and Wealth Matter?
Creators: name: Beatton, Tony
name: Torgler, Benno
name: Beatton, Tony
name: Torgler, Benno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Volunteering
subject: Life Event Shocks
subject: Financial Shocks
subject: Income
subject: Wealth
subject: Habits
subject: Panel
subject: Australia

description: Volunteering is a dominant social force that signals a healthy state. However, although the literature on volunteering is extensive, knowledge on how life’s discontinuities (life event shocks) affect volunteering is limited because most studies work with static (cross-sectional) data. To reduce this shortcoming, we use longitudinal data from Australia (HILDA) that tracks the same individuals over time to assess how individuals from different income and wealth groups respond to life and financial shocks with respect to volunteering. Although both income and wealth can act as buffers against life shocks by providing stability and reducing vulnerability—which decreases the need to actually change behaviour patterns—we observe more heterogeneity than expected and also stickiness at the lowest income levels. Response delays in post-shock volunteering also suggest that volunteering habits may be driven and influenced by strong commitment and motivation that are not shattered by life or financial shocks. In fact, the amount of time spent volunteering tends to increase after negative income shocks and decrease after positive income shocks.
Monitoring Link Faults in Nonlinear Diffusively-coupled Networks
Creators: name: Sharf, Miel
name: Zelazo, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fault detection and isolation is an area of engineering dealing with designing on-line protocols for systems that allow one to identify the existence of faults, pinpoint their exact location, and overcome them. We consider the case of multi-agent systems, where faults correspond to the disappearance of links in the underlying graph, simulating a communication failure between the corresponding agents. We study the case in which the agents and controllers are maximal equilibrium-independent passive (MEIP), and use the known connection between steady-states of these multi-agent systems and network optimization theory. We first study asymptotic methods of differentiating the faultless system from its faulty versions by studying their steady-state outputs. We explain how to apply the asymptotic differentiation to detect and isolate communication faults, with graph-theoretic guarantees on the number of faults that can be isolated, assuming the existence of a "convergence assertion protocol", a data-driven method of asserting that a multi-agent system converges to a conjectured limit. We then construct two data-driven model-based convergence assertion protocols. We demonstrate our results by a case study.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Rustia dentivitta Walker 1862
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Rustia
Rustia dentivitta

description: 14. Rustia dentivitta (Walker, 1862)
Cicada dentivitta Walker, 1862: 304 [TL: Siam].
Rustia dentivitta: Distant, 1892: xiv, 125; Distant, 1906a: 125; Distant, 1906b: 75; Distant, 1914: 5; Kato, 1932: 160; Metcalf, 1963a: 485; Sanborn et al., 2007: 13; Boulard, 2008a: 47; Lee, 2008: 15.
Rustia pedunculata Stål, 1866b: 383 [TL: Cambodga]; Atkinson, 1886: 177.
Tibicen amussitatus Distant, 1888a: 373 [TL: Darjiling]; Distant, 1906a: 125 (Rustia dentivitta var. amussitata); Metcalf, 1963a: 486 (Rustia dentivitta var. amussitata).
Distribution. Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Myanmar, Nepal, and India.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Top quark pair production and decay at hadron colliders: Predictions at NLO QCD including spin correlations
Creators: name: Bernreuther, W.
name: Brandenburg, A.
name: Si, Z. G.
name: Uwer, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results at NLO QCD for hadronic production and decay of top quark pairs, taking into account t tbar spin correlations.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Contribution to the Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP 2002)
Spatial Dimension of Vulnerability to Poverty in Rural Nigeria
Creators: name: Agbaje, M.A.
name: Okunmadewa, F.Y.
name: Oni, O.A.
name: Omonona, B.T.
name: Agbaje, M.A.
name: Okunmadewa, F.Y.
name: Oni, O.A.
name: Omonona, B.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: geopolitical zones
subject: rural Nigeria
subject: vulnerability to poverty

description: Poverty has been intractable because policies and programmes are based on static poverty analysis in Nigeria. There is the need for a forward looking approach (vulnerability to poverty) to be adopted in poverty analysis, hence this study. This study investigated the vulnerability to poverty across geopolitical zones in rural Nigeria, using the 2004 NLSS data. The result of the 3-Stage Feasible Generalized Least Squares showed that at the standard vulnerability threshold of 0.5, vulnerability to poverty (VP) was highest in North-east Nigeria (71.0%) and lowest in the Southwest (28.8%). Male headed households (59.8%) were more vulnerable to poverty than their female counterpart (43.9%). The consumption variance index is 0.0326, 0.0481 and 0.0373 in South-south, South-east and South-west which is higher than the national average of 0.0284. While the mean consumption index is 0.0195, 0.0228 and 0.0119 in the North-east, North-west and North-central lower than the national average of 0.0585. Rural households’ vulnerability to poverty varied across the geopolitical zones in Nigeria with the northern part been worse off.
Accardi contra Bell (cum mundi): The Impossible Coupling
Creators: name: Gill, Richard D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An experimentally observed violation of Bell's inequality is supposed to show the failure of local realism to deal with quantum reality. However, finite statistics and the time sequential nature of real experiments still allow a loophole for local realism, known as the memory loophole. We show that the randomized design of the Aspect experiment closes this loophole. Our main tool is van de Geer's (2000) supermartingale version of the classical Bernstein (1924) inequality guaranteeing, at the root n scale, a not-heavier-than-Gaussian tail of the distribution of a sum of bounded supermartingale differences. The results are used to specify a protocol for a public bet between the author and L. Accardi, who in recent papers (Accardi and Regoli, 2000a,b, 2001; Accardi, Imafuku and Regoli, 2002) has claimed to have produced a suite of computer programmes, to be run on a network of computers, which will simulate a violation of Bell's inequalites. At a sample size of thirty thousand, both error probabilities are guaranteed smaller than one in a million, provided we adhere to the sequential randomized design. The results also show that Hess and Philipp's (2001a,b) recent claims are mistaken that Bell's theorem fails because of time phenomena supposedly neglected by Bell.
description: To appear (2002) in: Mathematical Statistics and Applications: Festschrift for Constance van Eeden, Moore, M., Leger, C. and Froda, S. (eds), IMS Lecture Notes-Monograph series, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, Hayward, Ca
Determinants of Income Diversification of Farm Households in the Western Region of Ghana
Creators: name: Agyeman, Bernard Archibald Senyo
name: Asuming-Brempong, Samuel
name: Onumah, Edward Ebo
name: Agyeman, Bernard Archibald Senyo
name: Asuming-Brempong, Samuel
name: Onumah, Edward Ebo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: farm households
subject: non-farm income
subject: income diversification
subject: Western Region
subject: Ghana

description: This study assesses the determinants of income diversification of farm households in the Western Region of Ghana. A censored Tobit regression model was used to find the determinants of the degree of income diversification measured by the Simpsons Index of Diversity (SID). The results indicate that a total of 65% of households engage in non-farm income sources. The estimated Share of Non-farm Income (SNFI) - 29.05% in total household income and SID-0.338 were found to be low. Age, number of years of education, female headed households, household income per capita, number of extension visits, productive assets owned and nature of road were found to be significant in determining income diversification of farm households in the Western Region. Farm households require government and private sector support to increase the gains made in participating in various diversification strategies through policy, provision of public goods, capacity building in order to raise their living standards.
Oligodendrocytes of the adult hypothalamic median eminence
Creators: name: Kohnke, Sara Nicole
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: neuroscience
neuroendocrinology
oligodendrocytes
diet
hypothalamus
median eminence
myelin

description: 3 videos accompany this thesis
description: The median eminence (ME) of the hypothalamus is a dynamic structure able to rapidly respond to nutrient availability. Both immature oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) and mature myelinating oligodendrocytes (MOLs) are found in this region in adults. While proliferation of ME OPCs has been shown to be involved in bodyweight maintenance, not much is known about the functions of other subtypes of oligodendrocytes (OLs) in the region and how they might be involved in the ME response to food intake. I first outline the use of single-cell RNA sequencing, single-molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), and tissue clearing to characterize 3 subtypes of the OL lineage found in the ME: OPCs, MOLs, and an intermediate population designated ‘newly formed oligodendrocytes’ (NFOLs). I describe the molecular signatures of these cells and their unique organization within the ME. I then detail the transcriptomic changes in these cells between the fasted and refed state: genes and pathways related to OL differentiation and myelination are upregulated with refeeding. These transcriptional changes translate to a rapid increase in OPC differentiation into NFOLs with refeeding, as shown by FISH, BrdU labelling, and OL-specific antibody labelling. I explore the possible role of the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) signalling pathway in translating increased energy availability to increased differentiation. I show mTOR signalling is transcriptionally regulated by refeeding, that mTOR is highly active specifically in OLs of the ME, and that certain nutritional stimuli can alter activation of the mTOR protein in OLs. Finally, I discuss the development of mouse models to ultimately study the effects of OPC differentiation in the control of food intake and body weight. These tools will allow specific targeting of ME OLs. These findings characterize a lesser-known population of OLs and provide evidence that these cells are nutritionally responsive.
description: BBSRC Doctoral Training Partnership
Orientopsaltria Kato 1944
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Orientopsaltria

description: Genus Orientopsaltria Kato, 1944
Orientopsaltria Kato, 1944: 6.
Type species: Dundubia duarum Walker, 1857.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
BIMA Observations of Linear Polarization in Sagittarius A* at 112 GHz
Creators: name: Bower, Geoffrey C.
name: Wright, Melvyn C. H.
name: Falcke, Heino
name: Backer, Donald C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report here BIMA array observations of linear polarization in Sagittarius A*, the compact radio source in the Galactic Center. These observations had a resolution of 20 arcsec x 5 arcsec oriented North-South. We do not detect linear or circular polarization at a level of 1.8% (1-sigma) at 112 GHz. This puts a new constraint on models that show a sharp change in linear polarization fraction at 100 GHz.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, ApJL, in press
“Bringing Her Home: Commemorating Anne Moody in Southern Public Culture”: My proposal for the 18th Berkshire Conference on the History of Women, Genders and Sexualities (2020)
Creators: name: Barnes, Roscoe
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 210304 Biography
subject: FOS: History and archaeology
subject: Gender studies
subject: 130308 Gender, Sexuality and Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: History
subject: 210399 Historical Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: Ethnic Studies

description: UPDATE: The conference has been cancelled due to COVID19.

Copyright (c) 2019 by Roscoe Barnes III#AnneMoodyThis is my proposal for a research paper on Anne Moody, author of Coming of Age in Mississippi. It deals with my approach -- and strategy -- for promoting and helping to keep her legacy alive through the Anne Moody History Project (AMHP). AMHP is a volunteer community service group that was created in 2017 by the staff of the Wilkinson County Correctional Facility (WCCF) in Woodville, Miss.
Wall-crossing for Newton-Okounkov bodies and the tropical Grassmannian
Creators: name: Escobar, Laura
name: Harada, Megumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tropical geometry and the theory of Newton-Okounkov bodies are two methods which produce toric degenerations of an irreducible complex projective variety. Kaveh-Manon showed that the two are related. We give geometric maps between the Newton-Okounkov bodies corresponding to two adjacent maximal-dimensional prime cones in the tropicalization of $X$. Under a technical condition, we produce a natural "algebraic wall-crossing" map on the underlying value semigroups (of the corresponding valuations). In the case of the tropical Grassmannian $Gr(2,m)$, we prove that the algebraic wall-crossing map is the restriction of a geometric map. In an Appendix by Nathan Ilten, he explains how the geometric wall-crossing phenomenon can also be derived from the perspective of complexity-one $T$-varieties; Ilten also explains the connection to the "combinatorial mutations" studied by Akhtar-Coates-Galkin-Kasprzyk.
description: 29 pages, with an Appendix by Nathan Ilten. Accepted for publication at Internat. Math. Res. Notices
The Effects of Integrated Pest Management Techniques Farmer Field Schools on Groundnut Productivity: Evidence from Ghana
Creators: name: Carlberg, Eric
name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Dankyi, Awere
name: Carlberg, Eric
name: Kostandini, Genti
name: Dankyi, Awere
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Farmer Field School
subject: Integrated Pest Management
subject: groundnut
subject: Ghana
subject: treatment effects model

description: This study examines the impact of Integrated Pest Management-Farmer Field School (IPM-FFS) programs on groundnut productivity in Ghana. The program is conducted in the groundnut growing regions of Ghana with the goal to improve groundnut agriculture through the dissemination of information and technology to the producers. We use household data collected in 2011 from multiple villages with and without FFS sites. Treatment effects models are used to control for endogenous selection into FFS participation. The results suggest that farmers who participated in the IPM-FFS program have higher groundnut yields.
Part I: Theoretical Predictions of Preferential Oxidation in Refractory High Entropy Materials
Creators: name: Backman, Lavina
name: Gild, Joshua
name: Luo, Jian
name: Opila, Elizabeth J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High entropy materials, which include high entropy alloys, carbides, and borides, are a topic of substantial research interest due to the possibility of a large number of new material compositions that could fill gaps in application needs. There is a current need for materials exhibiting high temperature stability, particularly oxidation resistance. A systematic understanding of the oxidation behavior in high entropy materials is therefore required. Prior work notes large differences in the thermodynamic favorability between oxides formed upon oxidation of high entropy materials. This work uses both analytical and computational thermodynamic approaches to investigate and quantify the effects of this large variation and the resulting potential for preferential component oxidation in refractory high entropy materials including group IV-, V- and VI-element based alloys and ceramics. Thermodynamic calculations show that a large tendency towards preferential oxidation is expected in these materials, even for elements whose oxides exhibit a small difference in thermodynamic favorability. The effect is reduced in carbides, compared to their alloy counterparts. Further, preferential oxidation in high entropy refractory materials could result in possible destabilization of the solid solution or formation of other, competing phases, with corresponding changes in bulk material properties.
description: Acta Materialia. (2020). Also see Part II of this work: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.actamat.2020.07.004
A molecular war: convergent and ontogenetic evidence for adaptive host manipulation in related parasites infecting divergent hosts
Creators: name: Herbison, Ryan
name: Evans, Steven
name: Jean-François Doherty
name: Algie, Michael
name: Kleffmann, Torsten
name: Poulin, Robert
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Additional methodology information, Protein network figures, Protein list tables
title: Candidature Manifestation internationale "Colloque international L’imaginaire Nord-Sud sur la scène européenne du symbolisme (1880-1914) Autour de la correspondance d’Odilon Redon et Andries Bonger"
Creators: name: Pierre Pinchon (TELEMME); Merel Van Tilburg (Université De Genève)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Projet de colloque international proposé par Pierre Pinchon (TELEMME) et Merel van Tilburg (Université de Genève), dans le cadre de l'appel à Manifestations international diffusé par le LabexMed.
Black Hole State Dependence as a Single Parameter
Creators: name: van Breukelen, Rik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has previously been proposed that the black hole interior of typical state large black holes in AdS can be described using state-dependent operators. We investigate the possibility that the interior can be described by explicit time dependence, which reduces the state-dependence of the interior operators to a single parameter. We also propose to use the natural cone, obtained from Tomita-Takesaki theory, as a candidate construction for the interior operators.
description: Typo fixes
Kinematic study of the disrupting globular cluster Palomar 5 using VLT spectra
Creators: name: Odenkirchen, Michael
name: Grebel, Eva K.
name: Dehnen, Walter
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Cudworth, Kyle M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wide-field photometric data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey have recently revealed that the Galactic globular cluster Palomar 5 is in the process of being tidally disrupted (Odenkirchen et al. 2001). Here we investigate the kinematics of this sparse remote star cluster using high resolution spectra from the Very Large Telescope (VLT). Twenty candidate cluster giants located within 6 arcmin of the cluster center have been observed with the UV-Visual Echelle Spectrograph (UVES) on VLT-UT2. The spectra provide radial velocities with a typical accuracy of 0.15 km/s. We find that the sample contains 17 certain cluster members with very coherent kinematics, two unrelated field dwarfs, and one giant with a deviant velocity, which is most likely a cluster binary showing fast orbital motion. From the confirmed members we determine the heliocentric velocity of the cluster as -58.7 +- 0.2 km/s. The total line-of-sight velocity dispersion of the cluster stars is 1.1 +- 0.2 km/s (all members) or 0.9 +- 0.2 km/s (stars on the red giant branch only). This is the lowest velocity dispersion that has so far been measured for a stellar system classified as a globular cluster. The shape of the velocity distribution suggests that there is a significant contribution from orbital motions of binaries and that the dynamical part of the velocity dispersion is therefore still substantially smaller than the total dispersion. ... (abridged)
description: 29 pages including 10 figures, accepted for publication in the Astronomical Journal
Exploring Non-transgenic CRISPR-Cas9 gRNA Delivery Using Transactivation in Nicotiana benthamiana
Creators: name: Garland, Sarah
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: gene editing
CRISPR-Cas9
plants

description: Gene editing via CRISPR-Cas9 (Clustered, Regularly Interspaced, Short Palindromic Repeats – CRISPR-associated protein 9) is a powerful tool in biotechnology. The method involves an endonuclease Cas9 forming a complex with a guide RNA (gRNA) that matches a distinct DNA target sequence, causing double-stranded breaks in the DNA site. The break induces imperfect DNA repair resulting in insertions or deletions that render the target gene non-functional. It is also possible to mutate the Cas9 protein so that it loses its cutting function, but can still sit on the target DNA when in a complex with gRNA. This deactivated Cas9 (dCas9) can be fused with transcriptional activators or repressors to adjust the expression of a target gene. While CRISPR-Cas9 is already widely used in plants, there are limitations to the system’s delivery and efficiency. The aims of the research in this thesis were to generate a dCas9-activator-reporter system and to use the system to explore the possibility of two different non-transgenic methods of delivering gRNA. The system consists of two plant expression plasmids. One encodes a constitutively expressed dCas9 fused to a transcriptional activator and a reporter gene driven by a minimal promoter. The second contains the gRNA, designed to target the minimal promoter. When the constructs are co-expressed, the gRNA-bound dCas9-activator sits on the minimal promoter and drives increased reporter expression. Transient assays in N. benthamiana established the functionality of the system, showing increased reporter levels when the two constructs were co-expressed compared to the activator- reporter construct alone. Stable transgenic N. benthamiana lines of the separate constructs were generated and taken to the T2 generation. To explore non-transgenic gRNA introduction methods, I tested viral delivery and grafting. Tobacco Rattle Virus (TRV) engineered to contain gRNA for the system was able to activate the reporter. However, the results suggest that viral recombination of the gRNA insert may cause the effect to be lost over time. The positive readout transactivation system developed in this thesis will be a valuable tool for future CRISPR development in plants. In addition, the data reported present opportunities for further exploration on potential delivery methods, spatial specificity of CRISPR, and the mobility characteristics of synthetic gRNA compared to various endogenous RNAs.
title: Programmplanung aus pädagogischer Perspektive
Creators: name: Göbbels, Christine
name: Bertram, Jessika
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB)
Year: 2022

description: Das Spannungsfeld von Markt und Wissenschaft provoziert eine Ökonomisierung der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht indes kontrastiv die pädagogische Perspektive der Programmplanung, die ihrerseits wiederum durch das Spannungsfeld von Wirtschaft und Wissenschaft sowie Hochschule mit Bildungsauftrag gekennzeichnet ist. Es wird ein Modell entwickelt, das Dimensionen akademischer Bildung unter Einbezug der konstitutiven Wissenschaftlichkeit von wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung mit einem Modell der beruflichen Handlungskompetenz verzahnt. Das Modell akzentuiert den pädagogischen Qualitätsanspruch wissenschaftlicher Weiterbildung, der bereits in der Programmplanung zum Tragen kommt. Abschließend wird das pädagogische Modell in Relation zu ökonomisch orientierten Ansprüchen der Programmplanung gesetzt. Ökonomische und pädagogische Aspekte sind bei der Programmplanung gleichermaßen zu berücksichtigen und stehen in einem reziproken Verhältnis.
description: Zeitschrift Hochschule und Weiterbildung (ZHWB), 2021/2: Programmplanung in der wissenschaftlichen Weiterbildung
Orientopsaltria padda Distant 1887
Creators: name: Lee, Young June
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadidae
Orientopsaltria
Orientopsaltria padda

description: 15. Orientopsaltria padda (Distant, 1887)
Cosmopsaltria padda Distant, 1887: 229 [TL: Penang].
Material examined. 1 male, CAMBODIA, Siem Reap, Kbal Spean, light trap, 28 V 2005, I. Var & P. Grootaert (IRSNB).
Distribution. Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia (Sabah, Sarawak, and Peninsular Malaysia), and Indonesia (Kalimantan and Sumatra).
Remarks. This species is newly recorded from Cambodia.
description: Published as part of Lee, Young June, 2010, A checklist of Cicadidae (Insecta: Hemiptera) from Cambodia, with two new species and a key to the genus Lemuriana, pp. 19-32 in Zootaxa 2487 on page 25, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2487.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/195531
Growing Interdependence of the World Food Economy: A 20 Year Perspective
Creators: name: Frohberg, Klaus
name: Fischer, Gunther
name: Gulbrandsen, Odd
name: Morovic, Jan
name: Frohberg, Klaus
name: Fischer, Gunther
name: Gulbrandsen, Odd
name: Morovic, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: The evolution of the world food economy between 1980 and 2000 is analyzed based on results obtained with the basic linked system of national and regional models developed by the Food and Agriculture Program of the International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis. Two scenario runs are made. In one scenario, past behaviour of the main dnvmg forces of the world food system is assumed to remain in the future as it was obseived in the past. According to that scenario, world trade in agricultural products continues to grow over the next 15 years. The developed market economies increase their exports of cereals and livestock products, while the developing countries import those commodities in growing quantities. The reverse pattern in trade can be found for other food and nonfood agricultural products. The CMEA and China do not show such a clear pattern of changes in trade. In terms of economic self-sufficiency in agricultural products, the CMEA shows an mcrease and Chma a decrease. The other scenario assumes that aid is tripled to the developmg countries from countries with a trade surplus. The donor countries receive a return from that aid large enough to meet the costs of the additional aid But a multiplier effect cannot be observed. The impact of increasmg aid on the receivmg countries vanes from country to country and is largely dependent on investment behaviour.
Techniques and Technologies for Earth-twin Discoveries
Creators: name: Hall, Richard
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: astrophysics
exoplanets
experimentation
bayesian statistics
ccd

description: In this Thesis I present and discuss the work completed during my three and a half years as a PhD student in the Exoplanet Research Group of the Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, UK. Most of my work has been in collaboration and partnership with the HARPS3 instrument and the Terra Hunting Experiment. My focus is on the development of new techniques and technologies that are aimed at aiding the discovery of an ‘Earth-twin’ exoplanet. In the context of this work, I use the term Earth-twin to mean an Earth-massed rocky planet orbiting a Sun-like star at a period of around 300 days. I created a pipeline prototype for fitting planetary models to radial velocity (RV) data. The data can contain any number of random or systematic noise sources, and can be poorly sampled. The analysis is conducted in a nested-sampling Bayesian framework and thus allows for the direct statistical comparison of different planetary models given some data set, and produces full posterior estimation for all the parameters of all the models. I used this analysis technique to test the feasibility of using intense ground-based RV surveys to detect Earth-twins, and to compare the results with typical survey cadences. I found that an intense survey reliably and regularly finds a variety of planets, including the Earth-twins, and out-performs the typical survey cadence. The major new technology I have developed is an experiment to measure the geometric positions of the pixels of an optical CCD, and the data analysis pipeline to compute the results. In exoplanet science, precise measurements of the Doppler shift of the stellar spectral lines enable us to confirm the presence of planets. However, at some level of precision, our uncertainty of the detector itself starts to inhibit our detection capability. Hence, if we are to be successful in the discovery of low mass planets, we require knowledge of the sub-pixel structure of our detector. I used the analysis scripts to help plan and design an optical experiment which was then built to analyse a large format optical detector and measure the positions of the pixels. I found the simulation of the experiment can measure the pixel positions to a precision of less than 0.001 pixels, but the experiment was plagued with thermal variations and ultimately was not capable of such precise measurements.
description: STFC
An Economic Concept for Measuring Price Uncertainty: The Case of the World Coffee Market
Creators: name: Herrmann, R.
name: Kirschke, D.
name: Herrmann, R.
name: Kirschke, D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Public Economics

description: World markets for agricultural commodities are faced with increasing price fluctuations. When measuring these fluctuations, most researchers have focused on the construction of instabilty indicators not directly related to economic theory. In this article, a concept for measuring price uncertainty is presented that is explicitly based on economic reasoning. The economic meaning of price uncertainty is elaborated theoretically. The extent of price uncertainty is then measured for the world coffee market. An economic market model is used for estimating the deterministic part of the coffee price series. The paper shows that price uncertainty cannot be measured objectively but is dependent on the particular knowledge of the market analyst about the detrministic structure of the market considered.
Rational Bézier Triangles for the Analysis of Isogeometric Higher-Order Gradient Damage Models
Creators: name: Liu, Ning
name: Jeffers, Ann
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: The computational approach of modeling smeared damage with quadrilateral elements in isogeometric analysis (e.g., using NURBS and T-splines) has limitations in scenarios where complicated geometries are involved. In particular, the higher-order smoothness that emerges due to the inclusion of higher-order terms in the nonlocal formulation is not always easy to preserve with multiple NURBS patches or unstructured T-splines where reduced continuity is observed at extraordinary points. This drawback can be bypassed by the use of Bézier triangles for domain triangulation, which significantly increases the flexibility in discretizing arbitrary spaces and eases the difficulty in handling singular points resulting from sharp changes in curvature. Moreover, the process of mesh generation can be completely automated and does not require any user intervention. We also adopt in this research an implicit higher-order gradient damage model in order to fix the non-physical mesh dependency exhibited in continuum damage analysis. For the solution of the fourth-order and sixth-order gradient damage models, Lagrange multipliers are adopted to elevate the global smoothness to a desired order in an explicit fashion. The solution algorithm initializes with the cylindrical arc-length method and switches to a dissipation-based arc-length control for better numerical stability as the damage evolves. A number of numerical examples with singularities demonstrated improved results in terms of efficiency and accuracy, as compared to the damage models represented by Powell-Sabin triangles.
Taiwan's Small Farm Economy Under Rapid Economic Growth
Creators: name: Mao, Yu-Kang
name: Mao, Yu-Kang
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management
International Development
Production Economics

description: Through a series of economic development plans launched since 1953, Taiwan's economy has been transformed from bemgpredommantly agricultural to having industry as the leadmg sector. Throughout that process, farmers faced more and more uncertamt1es. Instead of an increase m farm size due to the ltm1ted land resource, part-time farming mushroomed and is now a major means of raising farm famtly income. It has enabled Taiwan to solve the most difficult problem of income disparity between farmers and nonfarmers. A dual structure of agnculture wilt probably develop m Taiwan, with a small number of internationally competitive full-time farmers and a large number of part-time farmers. Taiwan's future agricultural pohcies should place more emphasis on the improvement of productivity of part-time farmers rather than the enlargement of farm size and should provide the necessary measures to help the part-time farmers obtain the services needed to maintam their efficiency in farmmg. Agriculture under the small farm system needs firmer and stronger pohc1es to support further development.