cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 3: of Early pneumonia and timing of antibiotic therapy in patients after nontraumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest
Creators: name: Hellenkamp, Kristian
name: Onimischewski, Sabrina
name: Kruppa, Jochen
name: Faßhauer, Martin
name: Becker, Alexander
name: Eiffert, Helmut
name: Hünlich, Mark
name: Hasenfuß, Gerd
name: Wachter, Rolf
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2 presenting comparison of patients with and without confirmed or probable pneumonia – all parameters available within 3 days. (DOCX 19 kb)
Entwicklung eines standardisierten Publikations- und Kostenmonitorings: Erfahrungen aus dem DFG-Programm Open-Access-Publikationskosten in Zusammenarbeit mit den Projekten Transform2Open und openCost
Creators: name: Barbers, Irene
name: Pollack, Philipp
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Open Access
Monitoring
Publikationskosten
Informationsbudget

description: Das DFG-Programm Open-Access-Publikationskosten fördert in der derzeit laufenden ersten Phase Publikationen ab dem Jahr 2022. Das Monitoring dieser Publikationen, das auf der Ablieferung von Daten aus den geförderten Einrichtungen beruht, ist ein laufender Prozess, der Änderungen und Anpassungen unterworfen ist. Kritik und Anregungen aus Sicht der Teilnehmenden wurden unter anderem im Projekt Transform2Open gesammelt und sind für das zweite und die weiteren Berichtsjahre soweit wie möglich in das Datenschema und in den Ablieferungsprozess aufgenommen worden. Gleichzeitig wurden im Austausch mit dem Projekt openCost Anpassungen am Datenschema vollzogen, um die Datenweitergabe in andere Systeme zu erleichtern. Als Erweiterung des Blickwickels wurden damit entscheidende Schritte in Richtung eines vereinheitlichten, standardisierten Publikations- und Kostenmonitorings gemacht. Dies kann das Reporting-Verfahren für Einrichtungen erleichtern und ist ein wichtiges Werkzeug für die Aufstellung und Überwachung eines Informationsbudgets. Auf übergeordneter Ebene wird durch das Datenschema ein Monitoring auf standardisierter Datengrundlage ermöglicht.
Memory Window in Ferroelectric Field-Effect Transistors: Analytical Approach
Creators: name: Toprasertpong, Kasidit
name: Takenaka, Mitsuru
name: Takagi, Shinichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A memory window of ferroelectric field-effect transistors (FeFETs), defined as a separation of the HIGH-state and the LOW-state threshold voltages, is an important measure of the FeFET memory characteristics. In this study, we theoretically investigate the relation between the FeFET memory window and the P-E hysteresis loop of the ferroelectric gate insulator, and derive a compact model explicitly described by material parameters. It is found that the memory window is linearly proportional to the ferroelectric polarization for the small polarization regime, and converges to the limit value of 2 x coercive field x thickness when the remanent polarization is much larger than permittivity x coercive field. We discuss additional factors that possibly influence the memory window in actual devices such as the existence of interlayer (no direct impact), interface charges (invalidity of linear superposition between the ferroelectric and charge-trapping hysteresis), and minor-loop operation (behavior equivalent to the generation of interface charges).
Longitudinal instabilities affecting the moving critical layer laser-plasma ion accelerators
Creators: name: Sahai, Aakash Ajit
name: Katsouleas, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze the longitudinal instabilities of propagating acceleration structures that are driven by a relativistically intense laser at the moving plasma critical layer [1]. These instabilities affect the energy-spectra of the accelerated ion-beams in propagating critical layer acceleration schemes [2][3]. Specifically, using analytical theory and PIC simulations we look into three fundamental physical processes and their interplay that are crucial to the understanding of energy spectral control by making the laser-plasma ion accelerators stable. The interacting processes are (i) Doppler-shifted ponderomotive bunching [1][4] (ii) potential quenching by beam-loading [2] and (iii) two-stream instabilities. These phenomenon have been observed in simulations analyzing these acceleration processes [5][6][7]. From the preliminary models and results we present in this work, we can infer measures by which these instabilities can be controlled [8] for improving the energy-spread of the beams.
description: submitted to the proceeding of the Advanced Accelerator Concepts workshop July 2014, San Jose, CA, USA
Structural Decompositions for Problems with Global Constraints
Creators: name: Thorstensen, Evgenij
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A wide range of problems can be modelled as constraint satisfaction problems (CSPs), that is, a set of constraints that must be satisfied simultaneously. Constraints can either be represented extensionally, by explicitly listing allowed combinations of values, or implicitly, by special-purpose algorithms provided by a solver. Such implicitly represented constraints, known as global constraints, are widely used; indeed, they are one of the key reasons for the success of constraint programming in solving real-world problems. In recent years, a variety of restrictions on the structure of CSP instances have been shown to yield tractable classes of CSPs. However, most such restrictions fail to guarantee tractability for CSPs with global constraints. We therefore study the applicability of structural restrictions to instances with such constraints. We show that when the number of solutions to a CSP instance is bounded in key parts of the problem, structural restrictions can be used to derive new tractable classes. Furthermore, we show that this result extends to combinations of instances drawn from known tractable classes, as well as to CSP instances where constraints assign costs to satisfying assignments.
description: The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10601-015-9181-2
A similarity renormalization group approach to Green's function methods
Creators: name: Marie, Antoine
name: Loos, Pierre-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The family of Green's function methods based on the $GW$ approximation has gained popularity in the electronic structure theory thanks to its accuracy in weakly correlated systems combined with its cost-effectiveness. Despite this, self-consistent versions still pose challenges in terms of convergence. A recent study \href{https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0089317}{[J. Chem. Phys. 156, 231101 (2022)]} has linked these convergence issues to the intruder-state problem. In this work, a perturbative analysis of the similarity renormalization group (SRG) approach is performed on Green's function methods. The SRG formalism enables us to derive, from first principles, the expression of a naturally static and Hermitian form of the self-energy that can be employed in quasiparticle self-consistent $GW$ (qs$GW$) calculations. The resulting SRG-based regularized self-energy significantly accelerates the convergence of qs$GW$ calculations, slightly improves the overall accuracy, and is straightforward to implement in existing code.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures (supporting information available)
Climate change and the aquatic continuum: A cyanobacterial comeback story
Creators: name: Bullerjahn, G.S.
name: Zepernick, B.N.
name: Paerl, H.W.
name: Wilhelm, S.W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Billions of years ago, the Earth's waters were dominated by cyanobacteria. These microbes amassed to such formidable numbers, they ushered in a new era—starting with the Great Oxidation Event—fuelled by oxygenic photosynthesis. Throughout the following eon, cyanobacteria ceded portions of their global aerobic power to new photoautotrophs with the rise of eukaryotes (i.e. algae and higher plants), which co-existed with cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems. Yet while cyanobacteria's ecological success story is one of the most notorious within our planet's biogeochemical history, scientists to this day still seek to unlock the secrets of their triumph. Now, the Anthropocene has ushered in a new era fuelled by excessive nutrient inputs and greenhouse gas emissions, which are again reshaping the Earth's biomes. In response, we are experiencing an increase in global cyanobacterial bloom distribution, duration, and frequency, leading to unbalanced, and in many instances degraded, ecosystems. A critical component of the cyanobacterial resurgence is the freshwater-marine continuum: which serves to transport blooms, and the toxins they produce, on the premise that “water flows downhill”. Here, we identify drivers contributing to the cyanobacterial comeback and discuss future implications in the context of environmental and human health along the aquatic continuum. This Minireview addresses the overlooked problem of the freshwater to marine continuum and the effects of nutrients and toxic cyanobacterial blooms moving along these waters. Marine and freshwater research have historically been conducted in isolation and independently of one another. Yet, this approach fails to account for the interchangeable transit of nutrients and biology through and between these freshwater and marine systems, a phenomenon that is becoming a major problem around the globe. This Minireview highlights what we know and the challenges that lie ahead.
Additional file 1: of Relationship between surgeon volume and outcomes: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Morche, Johannes
name: Mathes, Tim
name: Pieper, Dawid
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: PRISMA 2009 Checklist. Completed PRISMA checklist for this work (DOCX 31Â kb)
A universal approach to Krylov State and Operator complexities
Creators: name: Alishahiha, Mohsen
name: Banerjee, Souvik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general framework in which both Krylov state and operator complexities can be put on the same footing. In our formalism, the Krylov complexity is defined in terms of the density matrix of the associated state which, for the operator complexity, lives on a doubled Hilbert space obtained through the channel-state map. This unified definition of complexity in terms of the density matrices enables us to extend the notion of Krylov complexity, to subregion or mixed state complexities and also naturally to the Krylov mutual complexity. We show that this framework also encompasses nicely the holographic notions of complexity.
description: 13 pages, typos corrected, explanations added
A Possible Extension of the Scutum-Centaurus Arm into the Outer Second Quadrant
Creators: name: Sun, Yan
name: Xu, Ye
name: Yang, Ji
name: Li, Fa Cheng
name: Du, Xin Yu
name: Zhang, Shao Bo
name: Zhou, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining HI data from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey~(CGPS) and CO data from the Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) project, we have identified a new segment of a spiral arm between Galactocentric radii of 15 and 19~kpc that apparently lies beyond the Outer Arm in the second Galactic quadrant. Over most of its length, the arm is 400-600 pc thick in $z$. The new arm appears to be the extension of the distant arm recently discovered by Dame & Thaddeus (2011) as well as the Scutum-Centaurus Arm into the outer second quadrant. Our current survey identified a total of 72 molecular clouds with masses on the order of 10$^2$-10$^4$M$_{\sun}$ that probably lie in the new arm. When all of the available data from the CO molecular clouds are fit, the best$-$fitting spiral model gives a pitch angle of 9.3$^{\circ}$ $\pm$0.7$^{\circ}$.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures; Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Extended magnetic reconnection in kinetic plasma turbulence
Creators: name: Li, Tak Chu
name: Liu, Yi-Hsin
name: Qi, Yi
name: Zhou, Muni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic reconnection and plasma turbulence are ubiquitous processes important for laboratory, space and astrophysical plasmas. Reconnection has been suggested to play an important role in the energetics and dynamics of turbulence by observations, simulations and theory for two decades. The fundamental properties of reconnection at kinetic scales, essential to understanding the general problem of reconnection in magnetized turbulence, remain largely unknown at present. Here we present an application of the magnetic flux transport method that can accurately identify reconnection in turbulence to a three-dimensional simulation. Contrary to ideas that reconnection in turbulence would be patchy and unpredictable, highly extended reconnection X-lines, on the same order of magnitude as the system size, form at kinetic scales. Extended X-lines develop through bi-directional reconnection spreading. They satisfy critical balance characteristic of turbulence, which predicts the X-line extent at a given scale. These results present a picture of fundamentally extended reconnection in kinetic-scale turbulence.
description: In press, PRL
Three-component modelling of O-rich AGB star winds I. Effects of drift using forsterite
Creators: name: Sandin, C.
name: Mattsson, L.
name: Chubb, K. L.
name: Ergon, M.
name: Weilbacher, P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar winds of cool and pulsating asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars enrich the interstellar medium with large amounts of processed elements and various types of dust. We present the first study on the influence of gas-to-dust drift on ab initio simulations of stellar winds of M-type stars driven by radiation pressure on forsterite particles. Our study is based on our radiation hydrodynamic model code T-800 that includes frequency-dependent radiative transfer, dust extinction based on Mie scattering, grain growth and ablation, gas-to-dust drift using one mean grain size, a piston that simulates stellar pulsations, and an accurate high spatial resolution numerical scheme. To enable this study, we calculated new gas opacities based on the ExoMol database, and we extended the model code to handle the formation of minerals that may form in M-type stars. We determine the effects of drift by comparing drift models to our new and extant non-drift models. Three out of four new drift models show high drift velocities, 87-310 km/s. Our new drift model mass-loss rates are 1.7-13 per cent of the corresponding values of our non-drift models, but compared to the results of two extant non-drift models that use the same stellar parameters, these same values are 0.33-1.5 per cent. Meanwhile, a comparison of other properties such as the expansion velocity and grain size show similar values. Our results, which are based on single-component forsterite particles, show that the inclusion of gas-to-drift is of fundamental importance in stellar wind models driven by such transparent grains. Assuming that the drift velocity is insignificant, properties such as the mass-loss rate may be off from more realistic values by a factor of 50 or more.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, accepted and in press
A range three elliptic deformation of the Hubbard model
Creators: name: de Leeuw, Marius
name: Paletta, Chiara
name: Pozsgay, Balázs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present a new integrable deformation of the Hubbard model. Our deformation gives rise to a range 3 interaction term in the Hamiltonian which does not preserve spin or particle number. This is the first non-trivial medium range deformation of the Hubbard model that is integrable. Our model can be mapped to a new integrable nearest-neighbour model via a duality transformation. The resulting nearest-neighbour model also breaks spin conservation. We compute the $R$-matrices for our models, and find that there is a very unusual dependence on the spectral parameters in terms of the elliptic amplitude.
description: 20 pages, v2: minor changes
Entanglement between exciton and mechanical modes via dissipation-induced coupling
Creators: name: Sete, Eyob A.
name: Eleuch, H.
name: Ooi, C. H. Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the entanglement between two matter modes in a hybrid quantum system consists of a microcavity, a quantum well, and a mechanical oscillator. Although the exciton mode in the quantum well and the mechanical oscillator are initially uncoupled, their interaction through the microcavity field results in an indirect exciton-mode--mechanical-mode coupling. We show that this coupling is a Fano-Agarwal-type coupling induced by the decay of the exciton and the mechanical modes caused by the leakage of photons through the microcavity to the environment. Using experimental parameters and for slowly varying microcavity field, we show that the generated coupling leads to an exciton-mode--mechanical-mode entanglement. The maximum entanglement is achieved at the avoided level crossing frequency, where the hybridization of the two modes is maximum. The entanglement is also very robust against the phonon thermal bath temperature.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures; published version
title: Female Ex-Offenders, Discrimination and Work: The Role of the Success Works Initiative
Creators: name: van den Broek, Diane
name: Black, Prudence
name: Psillakis, Eleni
Publisher: name: The University of Sydney
Year: 2020

description: THIS REPORT PROVIDES A BRIEF COMMENTARY ON FEMALE EX-OFFENDERS AND THE ISSUES THEY FACE REGARDING EMPLOYABILITY AND DISCRIMINATION IN AUSTRALIA AND OVERSEAS. It presents research on the unique initiative Success Works, a program aimed at securing labour market opportunities for women affected by the criminal justice system, either who are currently in prison or already in the community. The Success Works program (SWP) is an innovative pilot initiative of Dress for Success Sydney (DfSS). The SWP, funded by the Ian Potter and Vincent Fairfax Foundations for a duration of three years (2019–2021), has provided essential support services that are tailored to the unique needs of female offenders. Research has indicated that having a criminal conviction negatively influences employment opportunities (NSW Government 2020). This is particularly the case for women who are doubly disadvantaged by their experiences of the criminal justice system and who have limited access to the labour market.
Additional file 2: of Relationship between surgeon volume and outcomes: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Morche, Johannes
name: Mathes, Tim
name: Pieper, Dawid
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Search strategies for medical databases. Search strategies for medical databases used within this systematic review of systematic reviews (PDF 0 bytes)
Measuring galaxy cluster mass profiles into the low acceleration regime with galaxy kinematics
Creators: name: Li, Pengfei
name: Tian, Yong
name: Júlio, Mariana P.
name: Pawlowski, Marcel S.
name: Lelli, Federico
name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
name: Schombert, James M.
name: Read, Justin I.
name: Yu, Po-Chieh
name: Ko, Chung-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We probe the dynamical mass profiles of 10 galaxy clusters from the HIghest X-ray FLUx Galaxy Cluster Sample (HIFLUGCS) using galaxy kinematics. We numerically solve the spherical Jeans equation, and parameterize the dynamical mass profile and the galaxy velocity anisotropy profile using two general functions to ensure that our results are not biased towards any specific model. The mass-velocity anisotropy degeneracy is ameliorated by using two "virial shape parameters" that depend on the fourth moment of velocity distribution. The resulting velocity anisotropy estimates consistently show a nearly isotropic distribution in the inner regions, with an increasing radial anisotropy towards large radii. We compare our derived dynamical masses with those calculated from X-ray gas data assuming hydrostatic equilibrium, finding that massive and rich relaxed clusters generally present consistent mass measurements, while unrelaxed or low-richness clusters have systematically larger total mass than hydrostatic mass by an average of 50\%. This might help alleviate current tensions in the measurement of $σ_8$, but it also leads to cluster baryon fractions below the cosmic value. Finally, our approach probes accelerations as low as $10^{-11}$ m s$^{-2}$, comparable to the outskirts of individual late-type galaxies. We confirm that galaxy clusters deviate from the radial acceleration relation defined by galaxies.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, 1 table. A&A accepted version
Polynomial overrings of ${\rm Int}(\mathbb Z)$
Creators: name: Chabert, Jean-Luc
name: Peruginelli, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F20, 13B30, 13F05, 13F30

description: We show that every polynomial overring of the ring ${\rm Int}(\mathbb Z)$ of polynomials which are integer-valued over $\mathbb Z$ may be considered as the ring of polynomials which are integer-valued over some subset of $\hat{\mathbb{Z}}$, the profinite completion of $\mathbb Z$ with respect to the fundamental system of neighbourhoods of $0$ consisting of all non-zero ideals of $\mathbb Z.$
description: Final version, J. Commut. Algebra 8 (2016), no. 1, 1-28. Keywords: Integer-valued polynomial, Pr\"ufer domain, Overring, Irredundant representation
Global Performance Guarantees for Localized Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Li, Jing Shuang
name: Alonso, Carmen Amo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Recent advances in model predictive control (MPC) leverage local communication constraints to produce localized MPC algorithms whose complexities scale independently of total network size. However, no characterization is available regarding global performance, i.e. whether localized MPC (with communication constraints) performs just as well as global MPC (no communication constraints). In this paper, we provide analysis and guarantees on global performance of localized MPC -- in particular, we derive sufficient conditions for optimal global performance in the presence of local communication constraints. We also present an algorithm to determine the communication structure for a given system that will preserve performance while minimizing computational complexity. The effectiveness of the algorithm is verified in simulations, and additional relationships between network properties and performance-preserving communication constraints are characterized. A striking finding is that in a network of 121 coupled pendula, each node only needs to communicate with its immediate neighbors to preserve optimal global performance. Overall, this work offers theoretical understanding on the effect of local communication on global performance, and provides practitioners with the tools necessary to deploy localized model predictive control by establishing a rigorous method of selecting local communication constraints. This work also demonstrates -- surprisingly -- that the inclusion of severe communication constraints need not compromise global performance.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 3: of Relationship between surgeon volume and outcomes: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Morche, Johannes
name: Mathes, Tim
name: Pieper, Dawid
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Searched health technology assessment organizations. Health technology assessment organization that were members of INAHTA, HTAi, or EUnetHTA (PDF 0 bytes)
Study on the reusability of fluorescent nuclear track detectors using optical bleaching
Creators: name: Muneem, Abdul
name: Yoshida, Junya
name: Ekawa, Hiroyuki
name: Hino, Masahiro
name: Hirota, Katsuya
name: Ichikawa, Go
name: Kasagi, Ayumi
name: Kitaguchi, Masaaki
name: Kodaira, Satoshi
name: Mishima, Kenji
name: Nabi, Jameel-Un
name: Nakagawa, Manami
name: Sakashita, Michio
name: Saito, Norihito
name: Saito, Takehiko R.
name: Wada, Satoshi
name: Yasuda, Nakahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluorescent nuclear track detectors (FNTDs) based on Al${_2}$O${_3}$:C,Mg crystals are luminescent detectors that can be used for dosimetry and detection of charged particles and neutrons. These detectors can be utilised for imaging applications where a reasonably high track density, approximately of the order of 1 $\times$ $10^4$ tracks in an area of 100 $\times$ 100 $μ$m$^2$, is required. To investigate the reusability of FNTDs for imaging applications, we present an approach to perform optical bleaching under the required track density conditions. The reusability was assessed through seven irradiation-bleaching cycles. For the irradiation, the studied FNTD was exposed to alpha-particles from an $^{241}$Am radioactive source. The optical bleaching was performed by means of ultraviolet laser light with a wavelength of 355 nm. Three dedicated regions on a single FNTD with different accumulated track densities and bleaching conditions were investigated. After every irradiation-bleaching cycle, signal-to-noise ratio was calculated to evaluate FNTD performance. It is concluded that FNTDs can be reused at least seven times for applications where accumulation of a high track density is required.
Additional file 7: of Relationship between surgeon volume and outcomes: a systematic review of systematic reviews
Creators: name: Morche, Johannes
name: Mathes, Tim
name: Pieper, Dawid
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Results of included systematic reviews. Results of included systematic reviews including pooled results for meta-analyses or vote counting for narrative systematic reviews (PDF 0 bytes)
A Trustworthiness Score to Evaluate DNN Predictions
Creators: name: Ghobrial, Abanoub
name: Hond, Darryl
name: Asgari, Hamid
name: Eder, Kerstin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the black box nature of deep neural networks (DNN), the continuous validation of DNN during operation is challenging with the absence of a human monitor. As a result this makes it difficult for developers and regulators to gain confidence in the deployment of autonomous systems employing DNN. It is critical for safety during operation to know when DNN's predictions are trustworthy or suspicious. With the absence of a human monitor, the basic approach is to use the model's output confidence score to assess if predictions are trustworthy or suspicious. However, the model's confidence score is a result of computations coming from a black box, therefore lacks transparency and makes it challenging to automatedly credit trustworthiness to predictions. We introduce the trustworthiness score (TS), a simple metric that provides a more transparent and effective way of providing confidence in DNN predictions compared to model's confidence score. The metric quantifies the trustworthiness in a prediction by checking for the existence of certain features in the predictions made by the DNN. We also use the underlying idea of the TS metric, to provide a suspiciousness score (SS) in the overall input frame to help in the detection of suspicious frames where false negatives exist. We conduct a case study using YOLOv5 on persons detection to demonstrate our method and usage of TS and SS. The case study shows that using our method consistently improves the precision of predictions compared to relying on model confidence score alone, for both 1) approving of trustworthy predictions (~20% improvement) and 2) detecting suspicious frames (~5% improvement).
Semiclassical treatment of symmetry breaking and bifurcations in a non-integrable potential
Creators: name: Koliesnik, M. V.
name: Krivenko-Emetov, Ya. D.
name: Magner, A. G.
name: Arita, K.
name: Brack, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived an analytical trace formula for the level density of the Hénon-Heiles potential using the improved stationary phase method, based on extensions of Gutzwiller's semiclassical path integral approach. This trace formula has the correct limit to the standard Gutzwiller trace formula for the isolated periodic orbits far from all (critical) symmetry-breaking points. It continuously joins all critical points at which an enhancement of the semiclassical amplitudes occurs. We found a good agreement between the semi- classical and the quantum oscillating level densities for the gross shell structures and for the energy shell corrections, solving the symmetry breaking problem at small energies.
description: 8 p., 6. figs., LaTeX; submitted to Physica Scripta
Bridging Transient and Steady-State Performance in Voltage Control: A Reinforcement Learning Approach with Safe Gradient Flow
Creators: name: Feng, Jie
name: Cui, Wenqi
name: Cortés, Jorge
name: Shi, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Deep reinforcement learning approaches are becoming appealing for the design of nonlinear controllers for voltage control problems, but the lack of stability guarantees hinders their deployment in real-world scenarios. This paper constructs a decentralized RL-based controller featuring two components: a transient control policy and a steady-state performance optimizer. The transient policy is parameterized as a neural network, and the steady-state optimizer represents the gradient of the long-term operating cost function. The two parts are synthesized through a safe gradient flow framework, which prevents the violation of reactive power capacity constraints. We prove that if the output of the transient controller is bounded and monotonically decreasing with respect to its input, then the closed-loop system is asymptotically stable and converges to the optimal steady-state solution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our method by conducting experiments with IEEE 13-bus and 123-bus distribution system test feeders.
description: Published in IEEE Control Systems Letters, vol. 7, pp. 2845-2850, 2023 with CDC presentation
A High Performance Open-source Syringe Extruder Optimized for Extrusion and Retraction During FRESH 3D Bioprinting
Creators: name: Tashman, Joshua W.
name: Shiwarski, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Recent advances in embedded 3D bioprinting have significantly improved the resolution of individual filaments to below 100 µm; however, printing with such small filaments requires accurate extrusion of nanoliter volumes of bioink. Commercially available bioprinters and extruders are expensive and most utilize pneumatic control, which limits the minimum extrusion volume and prevents retraction (pulling bioink back into the reservoir), which is essential to printing high resolution features and complex internal geometry. Here we present a new generation of our open-source syringe pump designed for extrusion-based 3D bioprinting of soft materials: the Replistruder 4. The Replistruder 4 takes advantage of the geometry customizability and ease of 3D plastic printing while improving performance by integrating mass produced high-precision linear motion components. Simultaneously this new syringe pump remains compact and lightweight enough for several to be utilized on a 3D bioprinter for multimaterial bioprinting. To facilitate multiple use cases the Replistruder 4 is compatible with a range of syringes including disposable BD and Hamilton gastight syringes. In addition, we describe the process of designing clamps for other syringes. We demonstrate the performance of a Replistruder 4 with a 2.5 mL Hamilton gastight syringe by printing collagen type I constructs with individual filaments comprising 3.35 nL and patent channels down to 300 µm in width. With smaller volume Hamilton gastight syringes this performance can be further improved. Thus, the Replistruder 4 provides an open-source solution to print soft materials at the resolution limits of current embedded bioprinting platforms.
Nonlinear Model Predictive Control for Constrained Output Path Following
Creators: name: Faulwasser, Timm
name: Findeisen, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93C83, 34H05, 70Q05

description: We consider the tracking of geometric paths in output spaces of nonlinear systems subject to input and state constraints without pre-specified timing requirements. Such problems are commonly referred to as constrained output path-following problems. Specifically, we propose a predictive control approach to constrained path-following problems with and without velocity assignments and provide sufficient convergence conditions based on terminal regions and end penalties. Furthermore, we analyze the geometric nature of constrained output path-following problems and thereby provide insight into the computation of suitable terminal control laws and terminal regions. We draw upon an example from robotics to illustrate our findings.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Acceleration of 1I/`Oumuamua from radiolytically produced H$_2$ in H$_2$O ice
Creators: name: Bergner, Jennifer
name: Seligman, Darryl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2017, 1I/`Oumuamua was identified as the first known interstellar object in the Solar System. Although typical cometary activity tracers were not detected, `Oumuamua exhibited a significant non-gravitational acceleration. To date there is no explanation that can reconcile these constraints. Due to energetic considerations, outgassing of hyper-volatile molecules is favored over heavier volatiles like H$_2$O and CO$_2$. However, there are are theoretical and/or observational inconsistencies with existing models invoking the sublimation of pure H$_2$, N$_2$, and CO. Non-outgassing explanations require fine-tuned formation mechanisms and/or unrealistic progenitor production rates. Here we report that the acceleration of `Oumuamua is due to the release of entrapped molecular hydrogen which formed through energetic processing of an H$_2$O-rich icy body. In this model, `Oumuamua began as an icy planetesimal that was irradiated at low temperatures by cosmic rays during its interstellar journey, and experienced warming during its passage through the Solar System. This explanation is supported by a large body of experimental work showing that H$_2$ is efficiently and generically produced from H$_2$O ice processing, and that the entrapped H$_2$ is released over a broad range of temperatures during annealing of the amorphous water matrix. We show that this mechanism can explain many of `Oumuamua's peculiar properties without fine-tuning. This provides further support that `Oumuamua originated as a planetesimal relic broadly similar to Solar System comets.
description: Author's version; 23 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 4: of Quality of care for remote orthopaedic consultations using telemedicine: a randomised controlled trial
Creators: name: Buvik, Astrid
name: Bugge, Einar
name: Knutsen, Gunnar
name: SmĂĽbrekke, Arvid
name: Wilsgaard, Tom
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Follow up questionnaire for patients participating in the study, at 3 and 12 months, English translation. English translation of questionnaire for the participating patients at 3 and 12 months follow up. (DOCX 27 kb)
Modulational instability in randomly dispersion-managed fiber links
Creators: name: Armaroli, Andrea
name: Dujardin, Guillaume
name: Kudlinski, Alexandre
name: Mussot, Arnaud
name: De Bièvre, Stephan
name: Conforti, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study modulational instability in a dispersion-managed system where the sign of the group-velocity dispersion is changed at uniformly distributed random distances around a reference length. An analytical technique is presented to estimate the instability gain from the linearized nonlinear Schr{ö}dinger equation, which is also solved numerically. The comparison of numerical and analytical results confirms the validity of our approach. Modulational instability of purely stochastic origin appears. A competition between instability bands of periodic and stochastic origin is also discussed. We find an instability gain comparable to the conventional values found in a homogeneous anomalous dispersion fiber.
description: 4 pages, 4 figure
Multi-epoch, multi-frequency VLBI study of the parsec-scale jet in the blazar 3C 66A
Creators: name: Zhao, Guang-Yao
name: Chen, Yong-Jun
name: Shen, Zhi-Qiang
name: Sudou, Hiroshi
name: Iguchi, Satoru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the observational results of the Gamma-ray blazar, 3C 66A, at 2.3, 8.4, and 22 GHz at 4 epochs during 2004-05 with the VLBA. The resulting images show an overall core-jet structure extending roughly to the south with two intermediate breaks occurring in the region near the core. By model-fitting to the visibility data, the northmost component, which is also the brightest, is identified as the core according to its relatively flat spectrum and its compactness. As combined with some previous results to investigate the proper motions of the jet components, it is found the kinematics of 3C 66A is quite complicated with components of inward and outward, subluminal and superluminal motions all detected in the radio structure. The superluminal motions indicate strong Doppler boosting exists in the jet. The apparent inward motions of the innermost components last for at least 10 years and could not be caused by new-born components. The possible reason could be non-stationarity of the core due to opacity change.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
Step into Health Magazine - Issue 01 Ramadan
Creators: name: Aseptar Hospital
name: AL-MOHANNADI, ABDULLA SAEED
name: Al-Kuwari, Mohamed Ghaith
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111712 Health Promotion
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Step Into Health is a bimonthly magazine developed by the Healthy Lifestyle Program at Aspetar - Member of Aspire Zone Foundation. Bringing you the latest information, tips and guidance around physical activity and practicing a healthy lifestyle, Step Into Health helps enable the community of Qatar to have greater control over their health.
Additional file 4: Table S4. of Geographical, landscape and host associations of Trypanosoma cruzi DTUs and lineages
Creators: name: Izeta-Alberdi, Amaia
name: Ibarra-CerdeĂąa, Carlos
name: Moo-Llanes, David
name: Ramsey, Janine
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Number of species and records reported in different orders. (DOCX 16 kb)
Artificial Potential Field-Based Path Planning for Cluttered Environments
Creators: name: Diab, Mosab
name: Mohammadkarimi, Mostafa
name: Rajan, Raj Thilak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we study path planning algorithms of resource constrained mobile agents in unknown cluttered environments, which include but are not limited to various terrestrial missions e.g., search and rescue missions by drones in jungles, and space missions e.g., navigation of rovers on the Moon. In particular, we focus our attention on artificial potential field (APF) based methods, in which the target is attractive while the obstacles are repulsive to the mobile agent. In this paper, we propose two major updates to the classical APF algorithm which significantly improve the performance of path planning using APF. First, we propose to improve an existing classical method that replaces the gradient descent optimization of the potential field cost function on a continuous domain with a combinatorial optimization on a set of predefined points (called bacteria points) around the agent's current location. Our proposition includes an adaptive hyperparameter that changes the value of the potential function associated to each bacteria point based on the current environmental measurements. Our proposed solution improves the navigation performance in terms of convergence to the target at the expense of minimal increase in computational complexity. Second, we propose an improved potential field cost function of the bacteria points by introducing a new branching cost function which further improves the navigation performance. The algorithms were tested on a set of Monte Carlo simulation trials where the environment changes for each trial. Our simulation results show 25% lower navigation time and around 300% higher success rate compared to the conventional potential field method, and we present future directions for research.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 2023 IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings
Additional file 1: Figure S1. of Interleukin-6 trans-signaling increases the expression of carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecules 5 and 6 in colorectal cancer cells
Creators: name: Holmer, Reinhild
name: Wätzig, Georg
name: Tiwari, Sanjay
name: Rose-John, Stefan
name: Kalthoff, Holger
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: IL-6 influences the expression of CEACAM5 and CEACAM6 in the pancreatic cancer cell line Colo357. Colo357 cells were treated with IL-6 (100 ng/ml) in serum-free medium or with the anti-IL-6R- antibody tocilizumab (10 or 100 μg/ml) in serum-containing medium to block endogenous IL-6 signaling for 24 h. RNA was isolated and qPCR performed to analyze the expression of CEACAM5/6. (PDF 95 kb)
Squeezed bispectrum and one-loop corrections in transient constant-roll inflation
Creators: name: Motohashi, Hayato
name: Tada, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In canonical single-field inflation, the production of primordial black holes (PBH) requires a transient violation of the slow-roll condition. The transient ultra slow-roll inflation is an example of such scenarios, and more generally, one can consider the transient constant-roll inflation. We investigate the squeezed bispectrum in the transient constant-roll inflation and find that Maldacena's consistency relation holds for a sufficiently long-wavelength mode, whereas it is violated for modes around the peak scale for the non-attractor case. We also demonstrate how the one-loop corrections are modified compared to the case of the transient ultra slow-roll inflation, focusing on representative one-loop terms originating from a time derivative of the second slow-roll parameter in the cubic action. We find that the perturbativity requirement on those terms does not rule out the production of PBH from the transient constant-roll inflation. Therefore, it is a simple counterexample of the recently claimed no-go theorem of PBH production from single-field inflation.
description: 29 pages, 15 figures; v2 matches the published version in JCAP