Identified charged-hadron production in $p$$+$Al, $^3$He$+$Au, and Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV and in U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=193$ GeV
Creators: name: PHENIX Collaboration
name: Abdulameer, N. J.
name: Acharya, U.
name: Adare, A.
name: Aidala, C.
name: Ajitanand, N. N.
name: Akiba, Y.
name: Akimoto, R.
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name: Awes, T. C.
name: Azmoun, B.
name: Babintsev, V.
name: Bai, M.
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name: Bannier, B.
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name: Baumgart, S.
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name: Berdnikov, A.
name: Berdnikov, Y.
name: Bichon, L.
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name: Bok, J. S.
name: Borisov, V.
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name: Bryslawskyj, J.
name: Buesching, H.
name: Bumazhnov, V.
name: Butsyk, S.
name: Campbell, S.
name: Roman, V. Canoa
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name: Morales, Y. Corrales
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name: Csanád, M.
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name: D'Orazio, L.
name: Danley, T. W.
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name: Daugherity, M. S.
name: David, G.
name: Dean, C. T.
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name: Denisov, A.
name: Deshpande, A.
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name: Li, X.
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name: Meredith, B.
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name: Mitrankov, Iu.
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name: Yoo, J. H.
name: Younus, I.
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name: Zhou, S.
name: Zou, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The PHENIX experiment has performed a systematic study of identified charged-hadron ($π^\pm$, $K^\pm$, $p$, $\bar{p}$) production at midrapidity in $p$$+$Al, $^3$He$+$Au, Cu$+$Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=200$ GeV and U$+$U collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}}=193$ GeV. Identified charged-hadron invariant transverse-momentum ($p_T$) and transverse-mass ($m_T$) spectra are presented and interpreted in terms of radially expanding thermalized systems. The particle ratios of $K/π$ and $p/π$ have been measured in different centrality ranges of large (Cu$+$Au, U$+$U) and small ($p$$+$Al, $^3$He$+$Au) collision systems. The values of $K/π$ ratios measured in all considered collision systems were found to be consistent with those measured in $p$$+$$p$ collisions. However the values of $p/π$ ratios measured in large collision systems reach the values of $\approx0.6$, which is $\approx2$ times larger than in $p$$+$$p$ collisions. These results can be qualitatively understood in terms of the baryon enhancement expected from hadronization by recombination. Identified charged-hadron nuclear-modification factors ($R_{AB}$) are also presented. Enhancement of proton $R_{AB}$ values over meson $R_{AB}$ values was observed in central $^3$He$+$Au, Cu$+$Au, and U$+$U collisions. The proton $R_{AB}$ values measured in $p$$+$Al collision system were found to be consistent with $R_{AB}$ values of $ϕ$, $π^\pm$, $K^\pm$, and $π^0$ mesons, which may indicate that the size of the system produced in $p$$+$Al collisions is too small for recombination to cause a noticeable increase in proton production.
description: 480 authors from 78 institutions, 18 pages, 6 tables, 16 figures. v2 is version accepted for publication in Physical Review C. HEPdata tables for the points plotted in figures for this and previous PHENIX publications are (or will be) publicly available at http://www.phenix.bnl.gov/papers.html