cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Detecting the Transition From Pop III to Pop II Stars
Creators: name: Venkatesan, Aparna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the cosmological significance of the transition from the Pop III to Pop II mode of star formation in the early universe, and when and how it may occur in primordial galaxies. Observations that could detect this transition include those of element abundances in metal-poor Galactic halo stars, and of the helium reionization and associated heating of the intergalactic medium. We suggest that gamma-ray bursts may be a better probe of the end of the first-stars epoch than of Pop III stars.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; to appear in New Astronomy Reviews as proceedings of "First Light and Reionization Workshop", eds. A. Cooray & E. Barton, Irvine, CA, May 19-21, 2005
Classification of ALS patients based on acoustic analysis of sustained vowel phonations
Creators: name: Vashkevich, Maxim
name: Rushkevich, Yulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is incurable neurological disorder with rapidly progressive course. Common early symptoms of ALS are difficulty in swallowing and speech. However, early acoustic manifestation of speech and voice symptoms is very variable, that making their detection very challenging, both by human specialists and automatic systems. This study presents an approach to voice assessment for automatic system that separates healthy people from patients with ALS. In particular, this work focus on analysing of sustain phonation of vowels /a/ and /i/ to perform automatic classification of ALS patients. A wide range of acoustic features such as MFCC, formants, jitter, shimmer, vibrato, PPE, GNE, HNR, etc. were analysed. We also proposed a new set of acoustic features for characterizing harmonic structure of the vowels. Calculation of these features is based on pitch synchronized voice analysis. A linear discriminant analysis (LDA) was used to classify the phonation produced by patients with ALS and those by healthy individuals. Several algorithms of feature selection were tested to find optimal feature subset for LDA model. The study's experiments show that the most successful LDA model based on 32 features picked out by LASSO feature selection algorithm attains 99.7% accuracy with 99.3% sensitivity and 99.9% specificity. Among the classifiers with a small number of features, we can highlight LDA model with 5 features, which has 89.0% accuracy (87.5% sensitivity and 90.4% specificity).
Neural-networks model for force prediction in multi-principal-element alloys
Creators: name: Singh, Rahul
name: Singh, Prashant
name: Sharma, Aayush
name: Bingol, O. R.
name: Balu, Aditya
name: Balasubramanian, Ganesh
name: Krishnamurthy, A.
name: Sarkar, Soumik
name: Johnson, Duane D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomistic simulations can provide useful insights into the physical properties of multi-principal-element alloys. However, classical potentials mostly fail to capture key quantum (electronic-structure) effects. We present a deep 3D convolutional neural network (3D CNN) based framework combined with a voxelization technique to design interatomic potentials for chemically complex alloys. We highlight the performance of the 3D CNN model and its efficacy in computing potentials using the medium-entropy alloy TaNbMo. In order to provide insights into the effect of voxel resolution, we implemented two approaches based on the inner and outer bounding boxes. An efficient 3D CNN model, which is as accurate as the density-functional theory (DFT) approach, for calculating potentials will provide a promising schema for accurate atomistic simulations of structure and dynamics of general multi-principle element alloys.
description: 5 Figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1811.09724 ("Neural-networks model for force prediction in multi-principal-element alloys" manuscript is updated version of the old arXiv:1811.09724)
Intermittency, cascades and thin sets in three-dimensional Navier-Stokes turbulence
Creators: name: Gibbon, John D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Visual manifestations of intermittency in computations of three dimensional Navier-Stokes fluid turbulence appear as the low-dimensional or `thin' filamentary sets on which vorticity and strain accumulate as energy cascades down to small scales. In order to study this phenomenon, the first task of this paper is to investigate how weak solutions of the Navier-Stokes equations can be associated with a cascade and, as a consequence, with an infinite sequence of inverse length scales. It turns out that this sequence converges to a finite limit. The second task is to show how these results scale with integer dimension $D=1,\,2,\,3$ and, in the light of the occurrence of thin sets, to discuss the mechanism of how the fluid might find the smoothest, most dissipative class of solutions rather than the most singular.
description: 1 figure containing 2 sub-figures
Parent–child interactions during pediatric venipuncture: Investigating the role of parent traits, beliefs, and behaviors in relation to child outcomes
Creators: name: Moline, Rachel L.
name: McMurtry, C. Meghan
name: Noel, Melanie
name: McGrath, Patrick J.
name: Chambers, Christine T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Background: The social context is critical to children’s pain, and parents frequently form a major aspect of this context. We addressed several gaps in our understanding of parent–child interactions during painful procedures and identified intrapersonal contributions to parental affective responses and behaviors. We used the pain empathy model framework to examine parent–child interactions during venipuncture to determine predictors of parent distraction and reassurance. Aims: We examined relations among parent and child behaviors along with parent fear and child pain and fear. We empirically tested the contribution of top-down influences in predicting the use of two common parent utterances, reassurance and distraction during venipuncture, including parent beliefs about these behaviors. Methods: Venipunctures of 100 5- to 10-year-old children were filmed, and parent–child interactions were coded using the full 35 item Child Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale. Two codes were of particular interest: reassurance and distraction. Self-report measures included child fear and pain, parent fear, trait anxiety, empathy, pain catastrophizing, and beliefs about reassurance and distraction. Results: Findings supported original Child–Adult Medical Procedure Interaction Scale codes linking parent “distress-promoting” behaviors with poorer child outcomes and parent “coping-promoting” behaviors with improved child outcomes. Parent traits accounted for a small portion of the variance in parent reassurance and distraction. Conclusions: Findings are consistent with research on coping and distress promoting behaviors. Using a novel framework of the pain empathy model, we found that parent traits largely did not predict their procedural behaviors, which were more strongly related to child distress behaviors during the needle and parent beliefs about the behaviors.
Revisiting the optimal shape of cooling fins: A one-dimensional analytical study using optimality criteria
Creators: name: Alexandersen, Joe
name: Sigmund, Ole
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper revisits the optimal shape problem of a single cooling fin using a one-dimensional heat conduction equation with convection boundary conditions. Firstly, in contrast to previous works, we apply an approach using optimality conditions based on requiring stationarity of the Lagrangian functional of the optimisation problem. This yields an optimality condition basis for the commonly touted constant temperature gradient condition. Secondly, we seek to minimise the root temperature for a prescribed thermal power, rather than maximising the heat transfer rate for a constant root temperature as previous works. The optimal solution is shown to be fully equivalent for the two, which may seem obvious but to our knowledge has not been shown directly before. Lastly, it is shown that optimal cooling fins have a Biot number of 1, exhibiting perfect balance between conductive and convective resistances.
Implementation of adult special education policy in BC : a case study
Creators: name: Demarinis, Mary Penney
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This is a study of an implementation process, which means it is a study of the gray area somewhere between policy and program. The policy created in 1983 opened the door of the college to non-traditional learners. Sweeping changes in the social discourse of disability supported the development of the 1983 policy. A review of the literature revealed four factors that were likely to influence the process: the policy, the implementing agency, external influences and power, politics and negotiation. The purpose of the study was to compare a framework, established from the literature, to a framework that evolved from the research. The project concluded that the four factors were adequate to describe the situation however, the preconceived framework was inadequate to describe the relationship among the factors for this site. Data collected from documents and interviews revealed that some factors have a stronger influence on the process than others. In this case, power, politics and negotiation and the implementing agency are strong considerations, while the policy and external factors play a weaker role. The result was a reconstructed framework that portrayed the implementation process for this site.
Savignaster , Gale 2011
Creators: name: Rousseau, Julie
name: Gale, Andrew Scott
name: Thuy, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Velatida
Pterasteridae
Savignaster

description: Genus Savignaster Gale, 2011   Type species
 Savignaster wardi Gale, 2011a.   Diagnosis
Pterasterid bearing megapaxillae with short, stout, vase-shaped pedicels, distally hollow; adambulacrals with short, broad, rod-like lateral extensions, carrying fan-shaped, trellis-like spines at their lateral margin.
description: Published as part of Rousseau, Julie, Gale, Andrew Scott & Thuy, Ben, 2018, New articulated asteroids (Echinodermata, Asteroidea) and ophiuroids (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea) from the Late Jurassic (Volgian / Tithonian) of central Spitsbergen, pp. 1-26 in European Journal of Taxonomy 411 on page 9, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2018.411, http://zenodo.org/record/3805999
Two-loop effective potential for general higher-derivative superfield models
Creators: name: Gama, F. S.
name: Nascimento, J. R.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For a three-dimensional higher-derivative scalar superfield model, and a four-dimensional higher-derivative chiral superfield model, where which the higher-derivative operators are described by polynomials of arbitrary degrees, we explicitly calculate the two-loop effective potential.
description: 21 pages, version accepted to PRD
Microfluidic capturing-dynamics of paramagnetic bead suspensions
Creators: name: Mikkelsen, Christian
name: Bruus, Henrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the capturing of paramagnetic beads by a magnetic field gradient in a microfluidic channel treating the beads as a continuum. Bead motion is affected by both fluidic and magnetic forces. The transfer of momentum from beads to the fluid creates an effective bead-bead interaction that greatly aids capturing. We demonstrate that for a given inlet flow speed a critical density of beads exists above which complete capturing takes place.
description: 4 pages including 5 figures
Youth and parent perceptions on participating in specialized multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation options: A qualitative timeline effect analysis
Creators: name: Hurtubise, Karen
name: Brousselle, Astrid
name: Noel, Melanie
name: Jordan, Abbie
name: White, Jo
name: Rasic, Nivez
name: Camden, Chantal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Background: Little is known about how the specialized treatment journey is perceived by youth with pain-related disability and their parents. Aims: Describe and compare the treatment effects and outcomes as perceived by youth and their parents enrolled in intensive interdisciplinary pain treatment (IIPT) or multimodal treatment (MMT). Methods: Eleven IIPT youth and five parents and three MMT youth and five parents were recruited. All were asked to complete a treatment journey timeline, followed by separately conducted semistructured interviews. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using reflective thematic analysis. Results: The main themes spanned the treatment trajectory. All participants described similar initial struggles (Theme 1). Positive and negative treatment effects associated with acquisitions and disruptions (Theme 2), and outcomes post-discharge related to supports and realities (Theme 3) emerged. Knowledge, skills, and support acquisition during treatment and feeling empowered and confident to self-manage postdischarge were identified as IIPT benefits. However, the change effort and life disruptions required and the difficulty transitioning to real life postprogram were acknowledged as detrimental IIPT impacts. Continuing with life as usual and maintaining supports in daily contexts (e.g., school personnel, friends) were reported MMT benefits. However, the challenges of managing pain, treatment adherence within the competing demands of daily realities, and the lack of support to integrate strategies were emphasized as detrimental MMT impacts. Conclusions: Detailed impacts of two specialized multidisciplinary pain rehabilitation interventions on the lives of youth with pain-related disability and their parents are described. The treatments benefits and previously unexplored detrimental effects are unveiled.
Imprints of Axion Superradiance in the CMB
Creators: name: Blas, Diego
name: Witte, Samuel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light axions ($m_a \lesssim 10^{-10}$ eV) can form dense clouds around rapidly rotating astrophysical black holes via a mechanism known as rotational superradiance. The coupling between axions and photons induces a parametric resonance, arising from the stimulated decay of the axion cloud, which can rapidly convert regions of large axion number densities into an enormous flux of low-energy photons. In this work we consider the phenomenological implications of a superradiant axion cloud undergoing resonant decay. We show that the low energy photons produced from such events will be absorbed over cosmologically short distances, potentially inducing massive shockwaves that heat and ionize the IGM over Mpc scales. These shockwaves may leave observable imprints in the form of anisotropic spectral distortions or inhomogeneous features in the optical depth.
description: v2: Published Version. Minor modifications to text and notation. v1: 9 pages, 4 figures
Gamma-Ray Bursts
Creators: name: Meszaros, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray bursts are the most luminous explosions in the Universe, and their origin and mechanism are the focus of intense research and debate. More than three decades after their discovery, and after pioneering breakthroughs from space and ground experiments, their study is entering a new phase with the recently launched Swift satellite. The interplay between these observations and theoretical models of the prompt gamma ray burst and its afterglow is reviewed.
description: To appear in Rep. Prog. Phys., 74 pages, 11 figures, uses iopart.cls macros; revisions and updated references
Quasi-phasematching in a poled Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier with three-wave mixing
Creators: name: Zorin, A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the concept of quasi-phasematching (QPM) by implementing it in the recently proposed Josephson traveling-wave parametric amplifier (JTWPA) with three-wave mixing (3WM). The amplifier is based on a ladder transmission line consisting of flux-biased radio-frequency SQUIDs whose nonlinearity is of $χ^{(2)}$-type. QPM is achieved in the 3WM process, $ω_p=ω_s+ω_i$ (where $ω_p$, $ω_s$, and $ω_i$ are the pump, signal, and idler frequencies, respectively) due to designing the JTWPA to include periodically inverted groups of these SQUIDs that reverse the sign of the nonlinearity. Modeling shows that the JTWPA bandwidth is relatively large (ca. $0.4ω_p$) and flat, while unwanted modes, including $ω_{2p}=2ω_p$, $ω_+=ω_p +ω_s$, $ω_- = 2ω_p - ω_s$, etc., are strongly suppressed with the help of engineered dispersion.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
General formula for finding Mexican hat wavelets by virtue of Dirac's representation theory and coherent state
Creators: name: Fan, Hong-Yi
name: Lu, Hai-Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The admissibility condition of a mother wavelet is explored in the context of quantum optics theory. By virtue of Dirac's representation theory and the coherent state' property we derive a general formula for finding Mexican hat wavelets.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
High-field thermal transport properties of the Kitaev quantum magnet alpha-RuCl3: evidence for low-energy excitations beyond the critical field
Creators: name: Hentrich, Richard
name: Hong, Xiaochen
name: Gillig, Matthias
name: Caglieris, Federico
name: Culo, Matija
name: Shahrokhvand, Maryam
name: Zeitler, Uli
name: Roslova, Maria
name: Isaeva, Anna
name: Doert, Thomas
name: Janssen, Lukas
name: Vojta, Matthias
name: Büchner, Bernd
name: Hess, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phononic in-plane longitudinal low-temperature thermal conductivity kappa_ab of the Kitaev quantum magnet alpha-RuCl3 for large in-plane magnetic fields up to 33 T. Our data reveal for fields larger than the critical field Bc ~ 8 T, at which the magnetic order is suppressed, a dramatic increase of kappa_ab at all temperatures investigated. The analysis of our data shows that the phonons are not only strongly scattered by a magnetic mode at relatively large energy which scales roughly linearly with the magnetic field, but also by a small-energy mode which emerges near Bc with a square-root-like field dependence. While the former is in striking agreement with recent spin wave theory (SWT) results of the magnetic excitation spectrum at the Gamma point, the energy of the latter is too small to be compatible with the SWT-expected magnon gap at the M point, despite the matching field dependence. Therefore, an alternative scenario based on phonon scattering off the thermal excitation of random-singlet states is proposed.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
High accuracy capillary network representation in digital rock reveals permeability scaling functions
Creators: name: Neumann, Rodrigo F.
name: Barsi-Andreeta, Mariane
name: Lucas-Oliveira, Everton
name: Barbalho, Hugo
name: Trevizan, Willian A.
name: Bonagamba, Tito J.
name: Steiner, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Permeability is the key parameter for quantifying fluid flow in porous rocks. Knowledge of the spatial distribution of the connected pore space allows, in principle, to predict the permeability of a rock sample. However, limitations in feature resolution and approximations at microscopic scales have so far precluded systematic upscaling of permeability predictions. Here, we report fluid flow simulations in capillary network representations designed to overcome such limitations. Performed with an unprecedented level of accuracy in geometric approximation at microscale, the pore scale flow simulations predict experimental permeabilities measured at lab scale in the same rock sample without the need for calibration or correction. By applying the method to a broader class of representative geological samples, with permeability values covering two orders of magnitude, we obtain scaling relationships that reveal how mesoscale permeability emerges from microscopic capillary diameter and fluid velocity distributions.
description: Main article: 11 pages and 4 figures. Supplementary Information: 6 pages and 4 figures. Version 2 includes DOI for microCT dataset
Die Evangelische Kirche in Deutschland, die Ökumene und das "institutionelle Dilemma"
Creators: name: Williamson, Roger
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (1988): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 37, Heft 3
Hopf diagrams and quantum invariants
Creators: name: Bruguieres, Alain
name: Virelizier, Alexis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M27, 18D10, 81R50

description: The Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant, Turaev's TQFT, and many related constructions rely on the encoding of certain tangles (n-string links, or ribbon n-handles) as n-forms on the coend of a ribbon category. We introduce the monoidal category of Hopf diagrams, and describe a universal encoding of ribbon string links as Hopf diagrams. This universal encoding is an injective monoidal functor and admits a straightforward monoidal retraction. Any Hopf diagram with n legs yields a n-form on the coend of a ribbon category in a completely explicit way. Thus computing a quantum invariant of a 3-manifold reduces to the purely formal computation of the associated Hopf diagram, followed by the evaluation of this diagram in a given category (using in particular the so-called Kirby elements).
description: Published by Algebraic and Geometric Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/agt/AGTVol5/agt-5-68.abs.html
Low coherence-induced resonance in double-layer structures having parity-time symmetry
Creators: name: Brandão, Paulo A.
name: Mendonça, João P.
name: Cavalcanti, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive simple formulae for the transmittance $T$ and reflectance $R$ of Gaussian-Schell beams incident upon any stratified dielectric structure by using second-order classical coherence theory in the space-frequency picture. The formalism is applied to a particular structure consisting of a double-layer, with balanced gain and loss, satisfying the parity-time symmetry conditions. It is shown that sources with a low degree of spatial coherence, on the order of the wavelength, can induce large resonant peaks in the transmitted and reflected amplitudes. The resonance peaks vanish as the spatial coherence increases.
Designing temporal networks that synchronize under resource constraints
Creators: name: Zhang, Yuanzhao
name: Strogatz, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Being fundamentally a non-equilibrium process, synchronization comes with unavoidable energy costs and has to be maintained under the constraint of limited resources. Such resource constraints are often reflected as a finite coupling budget available in a network to facilitate interaction and communication. Here, we show that introducing temporal variation in the network structure can lead to efficient synchronization even when stable synchrony is impossible in any static network under the given budget, thereby demonstrating a fundamental advantage of temporal networks. The temporal networks generated by our open-loop design are versatile in the sense of promoting synchronization for systems with vastly different dynamics, including periodic and chaotic dynamics in both discrete-time and continuous-time models. Furthermore, we link the dynamic stabilization effect of the changing topology to the curvature of the master stability function, which provides analytical insights into synchronization on temporal networks in general. In particular, our results shed light on the effect of network switching rate and explain why certain temporal networks synchronize only for intermediate switching rate.
description: published version
Galaxy morphology rules out astrophysically relevant Hu-Sawicki $f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Desmond, Harry
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $f(R)$ is a paradigmatic modified gravity theory that typifies extensions to General Relativity with new light degrees of freedom and hence screened fifth forces between masses. These forces produce observable signatures in galaxy morphology, caused by a violation of the weak equivalence principle due to a differential impact of screening among galaxies' mass components. We compile statistical datasets of two morphological indicators -- offsets between stars and gas in galaxies and warping of stellar disks -- and use them to constrain the strength and range of a thin-shell-screened fifth force. This is achieved by applying a comprehensive set of upgrades to past work (Desmond et al 2018a,b): we construct a robust galaxy-by-galaxy Bayesian forward model for the morphological signals, including full propagation of uncertainties in the input quantities and marginalisation over an empirical model describing astrophysical noise. Employing more stringent data quality cuts than previously we find no evidence for a screened fifth force of any strength $ΔG/G_\text{N}$ in the Compton wavelength range $0.3-8$ Mpc, setting a $1σ$ bound of $ΔG/G_\text{N}<0.8$ at $λ_C=0.3$ Mpc that strengthens to $ΔG/G_\text{N}<3\times10^{-5}$ at $λ_C=8$ Mpc. These are the tightest bounds to date beyond the Solar System by over an order of magnitude. For the Hu-Sawicki model of $f(R)$ with $n=1$ we require a background scalar field value $f_{R0} < 1.4 \times 10^{-8}$, forcing practically all astrophysical objects to be screened. We conclude that this model can have no relevance to astrophysics or cosmology.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures; minor revision, matches PRD accepted version
Level Density and Radiative Strength Functions of Dipole gamma-Transitions in 163Dy
Creators: name: Khitrov, V. A.
name: Chol, Li
name: Sukhovoj, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using our early experimental data on the cascade gamma-transitions from the 162Dy(n,2gamma) reaction, we determined dependence of the cascade intensity on the energy of their intermediate levels, and then - level density and radiatibe strength functions which allow precise reproduction of the experimental two-step cascade intensities and total gamma-width. Level density in this nucleus (like in other earlier studied even-odd nuclei) in the interval 1 to 3 MeV is considerably less than that predicted by Fermi-gas model. Enhancement of the radiative strength functions, caused by strong correlations of parameters, most probably, relates with the change in ratio between the quasi-particle and collective component of the wave functions of the cascade intermediate levels in the region of most strong change in their density.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Spins of primordial black holes formed in the radiation-dominated phase of the universe: first-order effect
Creators: name: Harada, Tomohiro
name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Kohri, Kazunori
name: Koga, Yasutaka
name: Monobe, Takeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard deviation of the initial values of the nondimensional Kerr parameter $a_{*}$ of primordial black holes (PBHs) formed in the radiation-dominated phase of the universe is estimated to the first order of perturbation for the narrow power spectrum. Evaluating the angular momentum at turn around based on linearly extrapolated transfer functions and peak theory, we obtain the expression $\sqrt{\langle a_{*}^{2} \rangle} \simeq 4.0\times 10^{-3} (M/M_{H})^{-1/3}\sqrt{1-γ^{2}}[1-0.072 \log_{10}(β_{0}(M_{H})/(1.3\times 10^{-15}))]^{-1}$, where $M_{H}$, $β_{0}(M_{H})$, and $γ$ are the mass within the Hubble horizon at the horizon entry of the overdense region, the fraction of the universe which collapsed to PBHs at the scale of $M_{H}$, and a quantity which characterizes the width of the power spectrum, respectively. This implies that for $M\simeq M_{H}$, the higher the probability of the PBH formation, the larger the standard deviation of the spins, while PBHs of $M\ll M_{H}$ formed through near-critical collapse may have larger spins than those of $M\simeq M_{H}$. In comparison to the previous estimate, the new estimate has the explicit dependence on the ratio $M/M_{\rm H}$ and no direct dependence on the current dark matter density. On the other hand, it suggests that the first-order effect can be numerically comparable to the second-order one.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, minor correction, accepted for publication in Astrophysical Journal
Binaries, boundaries, and hierarchies : the spatial relations of city schooling in Nanaimo, British Columbia
Creators: name: Brown, Helen Harger
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Urban School Boards and City Councils in British Columbia worked in tandem with provincial officials in Victoria to expand the state school system in the 1890s. In discharging their responsibilities, the Boards functioned with considerable independence. They built and maintained schools, appointed and ranked teachers, and organized students. During the course of the decade, City Councils acquired the responsibility for school finance. Nineteenth-century British Columbia education history, written from a centralist perspective, has articulated the idea of a dominant centre and subordinate localities, but this interpretation is not sufficient to explain the development of public schooling in Nanaimo hi the 1890s. The centralist interpretation does not allow for the real historical complexity of the school system. Neither does it accommodate the possibility of successful local resistance to central initiatives, nor the extent to which public schooling was produced locally. It is important, then, to examine what kind of context Nanaimo constituted for state schooling in the last years of the century. This study concludes that civic leaders and significant interest groups in the community believed schooling played an important boundary making role in forging civic, racial, gender, and occupational identities. In carrying out their interlocking responsibilities for providing physical space and organizing teachers and students, the Nanaimo School Trustees created opportunities for local girls and, within limits, for women. The Trustees limited opportunities for local men, and went outside the community for men who had the professional credentials which were increasingly desirable in the late-nineteenth century. Both the traditions of self-help and the imperatives of corporate capitalism intersected in school production in late-nineteenth century Nanaimo. The focus on securing identities through the differentiating processes of boundaries and hierarchies which was evident in Nanaimo was typical of a wider colonial discourse at the end of the nineteenth century.
Optimal 2 K paired comparison designs for third-order interactions
Creators: name: Nyarko, Eric
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Psychological research
subject: Third-order interactions
subject: Two-level attributes
subject: 510.72

description: In psychological research often paired comparisons are used in which either full or partial profiles of the alternatives described by a common set of two-level attributes are presented. For this situation the problem of finding optimal designs is considered in the presence of third-order interactions.
Transitions in later life : the impact of residential relocation on well-being
Creators: name: Crisp, Dimity Ann
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: HV1490.C75 2012
subject: Older people Dwellings Australia
subject: Older people Institutional care Australia
subject: Older people Australia
subject: Older people Health and hygiene Australia

description: In the face of normative age-related declines in health and mobility, increasing numbers of older adults are considering self-care accommodation within the context of a retirement community as a mechanism to maintain independence. Whilst the benefits of down-sizing in older age are well established, relocation to a retirement community offers the additional provision of a) facilities to cater for current and anticipated future healthcare needs; b) general household maintenance and/or cleaning services; c) the security of an enclosed complex that increases older adults' sense of physical safety; and d) a close and supportive community network that reduces social isolation. The present study employed a prospective longitudinal design to examine the adaptation of 83 older Australians (aged 57 to 90 years) to independent living units within a retirement village over a 12 month period. A number of health, subjective well-being, and social network outcomes are examined. Comparisons are made with a sample of community-dwelling older adults of the same age. A promising indicator of the decision to relocate as a positive life change, results indicate that 12-months post-relocation, those who relocated to the village rated the environment as more positive than their pre-move residence. A reduction in perceived loneliness and an increase in neighbour social networks were then found to be the most significant benefits to relocation. Characteristics of those older adults likely to adapt best to living in a retirement village were dependent largely on the outcome in question. Contextual factors associated with the move, physical health, personality characteristics, and perceived control each contributed to adjustment.This investigation of the impact of relocationtoa retirement village on the social networks and well-being of older adults provides an important contribution to our understanding of the needs and experiences of our ageing community. Both government policy and aged care providers should benefit from monitoring and continued improvement of housing options for older adults. Through indentifying the needs and experiences of our older population, along with the factors characterizing successful transition, we can strive to ensure that relocation performed either out of preference or necessity is a positive experience and a step toward continued healthy ageing.
Brewers’ spent grain pretreatment optimisation to enhance enzymatic hydrolysis of whole slurry and resuspended pellet
Creators: name: Castilla-Archilla, Juan
name: Cermenó, Maria
name: Tuohy, Maria G.
name: FITZGERALD, RICHARD
name: Lens, Piet N. L.
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A thermal diluted acid pretreatment using brewers spent grain (BSG) was optimised to improve enzymatic hydrolysis while minimising energy and chemical inputs. First, the use of hydrochloric or sulfuric acid for pretreatment was compared, using hydrochloric acid for the next steps. Three different dilute acid thermal pretreatment combinations were optimised in terms of acid concentration, temperature and time using a response surface methodology. Optimization was based on i) highest remaining protein content in the solid fraction (C1: 0.49% HCl; 87.7°C; 92 min), ii) highest liquid recovery (C2: 0.80% HCl; 121.0°C; 142 min), iii) lowest acid concentration applied to achieve largest protein and lowest remaining solid levels (C3: 0.10% HCl; 104.0°C; 70 min); and iv) a final condition based on the lowest water retention capacity when using HCl (C4: 0.20% HCl; 121.0°C; 20 min). The efficiency of enzymatic hydrolysis was evaluated, in the absence and presence of a large concentration of reducing carbohydrates, by centrifuging the slurry after acid pretreatment, recovering the solid fraction and resuspending it in fresh water. In C2, the enzyme (Depol 40L) was added directly to the entire slurry after pretreatment. For C1, C3, and C4 direct addition of enzyme to the whole slurry resulted in a higher release of carbohydrates during hydrolysis. Only in the case of C2 did the use of the resuspended solid result in a higher carbohydrate release. The overall carbohydrate recovery efficiency in the liquid fractions for C1, C2, C3 and C4 corresponded to 399.1 (±26.1), 535.8 (±28.7), 257.0 (±11.5), and 446.3 (±81.1) mg carbohydrate per Gram of BSG (dry weight), respectively. C1 and C4 were considered the optimal pretreatments as these combined a low acid concentration and energy input prior to enzymatic hydrolysis.
Strongly coupled quantum field theory
Creators: name: Frasca, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze numerically a two-dimensional $λϕ^4$ theory showing that in the limit of a strong coupling $λ\to\infty$ just the homogeneous solutions for time evolution are relevant in agreement with the duality principle in perturbation theory as presented in [M.Frasca, Phys. Rev. A {\bf 58}, 3439 (1998)], being negligible the contribution of the spatial varying parts of the dynamical equations. A consequence is that the Green function method works for this non-linear problem in the large coupling limit as in a linear theory. A numerical proof is given for this. With these results at hand, we built a strongly coupled quantum field theory for a $λϕ^4$ interacting field computing the first order correction to the generating functional. Mass spectrum of the theory is obtained turning out to be that of a harmonic oscillator with no dependence on the dimensionality of spacetime. The agreement with the Lehmann-Källen representation of the perturbation series is then shown at the first order.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D. Added erratum to appear on PRD: just corrected eq.(5)
Measuring Interstellar Delays of PSR J0613-0200 over 7 years, using the Large European Array for Pulsars
Creators: name: Main, R. A.
name: Sanidas, S. A.
name: Antoniadis, J.
name: Bassa, C.
name: Chen, S.
name: Cognard, I.
name: Gaikwad, M.
name: Hu, H.
name: Janssen, G. H.
name: Karuppusamy, R.
name: Kramer, M.
name: Lee, K. J.
name: Liu, K.
name: Mall, G.
name: McKee, J. W.
name: Mickaliger, M. B.
name: Perrodin, D.
name: Stappers, B. W.
name: Tiburzi, C.
name: Wucknitz, O.
name: Wang, L.
name: Zhu, W. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from the Large European Array for Pulsars (LEAP), and the Effelsberg telescope, we study the scintillation parameters of the millisecond pulsar J0613-0200 over a 7 year timespan. The "secondary spectrum" -- the 2D power spectrum of scintillation -- presents the scattered power as a function of time delay, and contains the relative velocities of the pulsar, observer, and scattering material. We detect a persistent parabolic scintillation arc, suggesting scattering is dominated by a thin, anisotropic region. The scattering is poorly described by a simple exponential tail, with excess power at high delays; we measure significant, detectable scattered power at times out to $\sim 5 μs$, and measure the bulk scattering delay to be between 50 to 200\,ns with particularly strong scattering throughout 2013. These delays are too small to detect a change of the pulse profile shape, yet they would change the times-of-arrival as measured through pulsar timing. The arc curvature varies annually, and is well fit by a one-dimensional scattering screen $\sim 40\%$ of the way towards the pulsar, with a changing orientation during the increased scattering in 2013. Effects of uncorrected scattering will introduce time delays correlated over time in individual pulsars, and may need to be considered in gravitational wave analyses. Pulsar timing programs would benefit from simultaneously recording in a way that scintillation can be resolved, in order to monitor the variable time delays caused by multipath propagation.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures. Published in MNRAS
Conformally flat pencils of metrics, Frobenius structures and a modified Saito construction
Creators: name: David, Liana
name: Strachan, Ian A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 53D45, 37K10

description: The structure of a Frobenius manifold encodes the geometry associated with a flat pencil of metrics. However, as shown in the authors' earlier work, much of the structure comes from the compatibility properties of the pencil rather than from the flatness of the pencil itself. In this paper conformally flat pencils of metrics are studied and examples, based on a modification of the Saito construction, are studied.
description: 17 pages. Minor changes and corrections to original version
Spontaneous CP violation by modulus $τ$ in $A_4$ model of lepton flavors
Creators: name: Okada, Hiroshi
name: Tanimoto, Morimitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the modular $A_4$ invariant model of leptons combining with the generalized CP symmetry. In our model, both CP and modular symmetries are broken spontaneously by the vacuum expectation value of the modulus $τ$. The source of the CP violation is a non-trivial value of ${\rm Re} [τ]$ while other parameters of the model are real. The allowed region of $τ$ is in very narrow one close to the fixed point $τ=i$ for both normal hierarchy (NH) and inverted ones (IH) of neutrino masses. The CP violating Dirac phase $δ_{CP}$ is predicted clearly in $[98^\circ,\,110^\circ]$ and $[250^\circ,\,262^\circ]$ for NH at $3\,σ$ confidence level. On the other hand, $δ_{CP}$ is in $[95^\circ,100^\circ]$ and $[260^\circ,\,265^\circ]$ for IH at $5\,σ$ confidence level. The predicted $\sum m_i$ is in $[82,\,102]$ meV for NH and $\sum m_i=[134,\,180]$ meV for IH. The effective mass $\langle m_{ee}\rangle$ for the $0νββ$ decay is predicted in $[12.5,\,20.5]$ meV and $[54,\,67]$ meV for NH and IH, respectively.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures, 3 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.14242
Schwarzschild Black Hole in Noncommutative Spaces
Creators: name: Nasseri, Forough
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of noncommutative spaces on the horizon, the area spectrum and Hawking temperature of a Schwarzschild black hole. The results show deviations from the usual horizon, area spectrum and the Hawking temperature. The deviations depend on the parameter of space-space noncommutativity.
description: 4 pages, accepted for publication in Gen.Rel.Grav
Resonance method of electric-dipole-moment measurements in storage rings
Creators: name: Orlov, Yuri F.
name: Morse, William M.
name: Semertzidis, Yannis K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A resonance method of measuring the electric dipole moment (EDM) of nuclei in storage rings is described, based on two new ideas: (1) Oscillating particles' velocities in resonance with spin precession, and (2) alternately producing two sub-beams with different betatron tunes--one sub-beam to amplify and thus make it easier to correct ring imperfections that produce false signals imitating EDM signals, and the other to make the EDM measurement.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Lett., Spring 2006