cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Thermoelectric transport in strained Si and Si/Ge heterostructures
Creators: name: Hinsche, N. F.
name: Mertig, I.
name: Zahn, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The anisotropic thermoelectric transport properties of bulk silicon strained in [111]-direction were studied by detailed first-principles calculations focussing on a possible enhancement of the power factor. Electron as well as hole doping were examined in a broad doping and temperature range. At low temperature and low doping an enhancement of the power factor was obtained for compressive and tensile strain in the electron-doped case and for compressive strain in the hole-doped case. For the thermoelectrically more important high temperature and high doping regime a slight enhancement of the power factor was only found under small compressive strain with the power factor overall being robust against applied strain. To extend our findings the anisotropic thermoelectric transport of an [111]-oriented Si/Ge superlattice was investigated. Here, the cross-plane power factor under hole-doping was drastically suppressed due to quantum-well effects, while under electron-doping an enhanced power factor was found. With that, we state a figure of merit of ZT$=0.2$ and ZT$=1.4$ at $T=\unit[300]{K}$ and $T=\unit[900]{K}$ for the electron-doped [111]-oriented Si/Ge superlattice. All results are discussed in terms of band structure features.
Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado
Creators: name: Jones, Craig
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: forest biomass
biomass utilization
Colorado

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Craig Jones graduated from the University of Missouri in 1975 with a Bachelors of Science Degree in Forest Management. After spending two years with the Peace Corps in Malaysia teaching at the Forestry College there, he started his career with the Colorado State Forest Service. He became District Forester of the Boulder District in 1985 where he served in that capacity until 2000. In 2000 Craig joined the Colorado Wood Marketing and Utilization (COWOOD) Program where he specialized in biomass utilization, facility heating efforts, and helped initiate the Colorado Forest Products (CFP) Marketing Program. In 2005 Craig was hired by the Governor's Energy Office where he developed the Woody Biomass Program and continued working on biomass facility heating projects around Colorado. In 2007 Craig was hired as the Partnership Grant Project Coordinator working for Colorado State Parks and the Colorado State Forest Service.
Monomorium bicolor EMERY 1877
Creators: name: Madl, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Formicidae
Monomorium
Monomorium bicolor

description: Monomorium bicolor EMERY, 1877
Monomorium bicolor bicolor EMERY, 1877: SANTSCHI 1914: 353 (key, tax.).
Monomorium bicolor bicolor EMERY, 1877: EMERY 1922: 176 (world cat.).
Monomorium (Xeromyrmex) bicolor bicolor EMERY, 1877: WHEELER 1922: 868 (cat. Afr. reg.).
Monomorium (Xeromyrmex) bicolor bicolor EMERY, 1877: BOLTON 1987: 303 (cat. Afr. reg.), 311 (key), 338 (tax., descr., Obock).
Monomorium bicolor bicolor EMERY, 1877: BOLTON 1995: 259 (world cat.).
* Monomorium bicolor coerulescens n.var: SANTSCHI 1912b: 148 (descr., Obock).
Monomorium bicolor var. coerulescens SANTSCHI, 1912: SANTSCHI 1914: 353 (syn.).
Monomorium bicolor var. coerulescens SANTSCHI, 1912: BOLTON 1985: 260 (syn., world cat.).
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Obock.
Monomorium bicolor is known from Afrotropical (e.g. Eritrea, Ethiopia), Neotropical and Palaearctic regions. Monomorium bicolor var. coerulescens SANTSCHI, 1914 is an unavailable name, because SANTSCHI (1912b: 148) used the terms race (M. bicolor race hirsutum FOREL, 1910) and stirps (Leptothorax angulatus st. ilgi FOREL, 1894) in the sense of subspecies.
description: Published as part of Madl, Michael, 2018, A preliminary catalogue of the Hymenoptera (Insecta) of the Republic of Djibouti, pp. 907-967 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (2) on page 919, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3776452
title: How does a prototype synthetic mammography version compare to current synthetic mammography and to full field digital mammography?
Creators: name: Van Ongeval, Chantal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Oncology
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Mammography
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Observer performance
subject: Physics
subject: Cancer
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: To compare a prototype version and a current versionof synthetic mammography (SM) to full field digital mammography (FFDM)in terms of clinical image quality , diagnostic accuracy and breast...
title: Canine Spontaneous Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia: A Novel Animal Model in Evaluation of Polyethylene Glycol Microspheres in Prostatic Artery Embolization
Creators: name: LUCAS CAVA, VANESA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Interventional Radiology
subject: Animal (veterinary) studies
subject: Genital / Reproductive system male
subject: MR
subject: Embolisation
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Prospective
subject: Experimental
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Prostatic artery embolization (PAE) is a minimally invasive surgical technique for the management of symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) to relieve the lower urinary tract symptoms in patients [1]. The canine model is used to assess the...
title: Software accesible para personas con discapacidad visual que apoya el aprendizaje del inglés como segunda lengua
title: Accessible software for the visually impaired to support English as a second language learning
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Vergara, Leonardo
name: Sinning, Camilo
name: Lizcano, Leonardo
Publisher: name: Universidad del Norte
Year: 2023
Subjects: visual impairment
e-learning
English learning visual impairment
English learning public school colombia
Visual impairment e-learning
Teaching english application
English teaching visual impairment
English learning blindness
English teching colombia
English learning colombia middle school
Mobile application visual impairment
Mobile application learning blindness

description: Este proyecto propone el desarrollo de una aplicación móvil para el aprendizaje del inglés en un nivel A1, orientado a estudiantes de educación media en Colombia y con un enfoque en la accesibilidad visual. Se abordan dificultades actuales en la enseñanza del inglés, tales como la falta de recursos educativos de calidad, los problemas para fomentar el trabajo colaborativo entre estudiantes y la poca inclusión para personas con limitaciones visuales. Para el diseño de la solución, se realiza una revisión sistemática de la literatura, a fin de comprender la problemática. Finalmente, se desarrolla y se valida un prototipo funcional de la solución, que incorpora una metodología de enseñanza de inglés basada en tareas, así como un conjunto de técnicas de accesibilidad visuales y auditivas fundamentadas en la literatura para favorecer la inclusión de estudiantes con dificultades visuales en los procesos educativos.
 
This project proposes the development of a mobile application for learning English at an A1 level, oriented to high school students in Colombia and with a focus on visual accessibility. It addresses current difficulties in the teaching of English, such as the lack of quality educational resources, the problems to promote collaborative work among students and the lack of inclusion for people with visual limitations. For the design of the solution, a systematic review of the literature is carried out in order to understand the problem. Finally, a functional prototype of the solution is developed and validated, which incorporates a task-based English teaching methodology, as well as a set of visual and auditory accessibility techniques based on the literature to favor the inclusion of students with visual difficulties in the educational processes.
Title IX’s Reproductive Remedies
Creators: name: Cocuzza, Francesca
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Unwanted pregnancy
subject: Birth control--Law and legislation
subject: Rape victims--Services for
subject: Legal assistance to sexual abuse victims
subject: College students
subject: Educational equalization
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Despite the rich public debate surrounding sexual assault at colleges and universities, the problem of pregnancy among survivors has received little attention. At the same time, institutions of higher education continue to resist compliance with federal law mandating insurance coverage of reproductive health care for their students and employees. For students learning and growing in college environments where rape is far too common, access to contraception and emergency contraception is critical. This Note argues that Title IX, the civil rights law prohibiting sex discrimination in federally funded educational programs, requires colleges and universities to make contraception and emergency contraception available on campus to student survivors of sexual assault. When pregnancy resulting from rape is conceptualized as an injury, Title IX obliges schools to remedy that injury and prevent its recurrence by ensuring contraceptive access on campus. In this light, Title IX emerges as a vehicle to address both sexual assault and unwanted pregnancy— dual barriers to the equal educational opportunity envisioned by Title IX. Finally, this reading of Title IX presents an opportunity not only to make common sense health care and education policy reforms, but also to revisit broader doctrinal implications for reproductive justice as an issue of sex equality.
In-plane stress analysis using tensor field photoelasticity
Creators: name: Gao, Sui
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Few experimental methods exist for evaluating all in-plane stress components in solid materials; because of the tensor nature of these quantities. Full field measurement of all three stress components is desirable, since plastic deformation or failure can result from any combination of the three. A new photoelastic stress measurement method is presented for evaluating all three in-plane stress components within a two-dimensional photoelastic material. The measurement method is based on the observation that the complex transmission factors that describe the optical phase changes due to stress-induced birefringence have a second order tensor character, similar to that of other tensor quantities such as stress and strain. The same transformation equations and Mohr’s circle construction can be applied to the rotation of optical axis. A Michelson type interferometer and phase shifting are used to quantify the phases of the complex transmission factors. Mohr’s circle calculation is applied to obtain the principal transmission factors and principal axis orientation. The principal stresses are then obtained from the principal transmission factors through the stresss optical relationship. The effectiveness of this technique is demonstrated by comparing the experimental and analytical results for a hollow circular ring under diametric compression.
Bryan Stovell : a legacy of musical inspiration
Creators: name: Moore, Adam Lawrence
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Bryan Stovell is a highly acclaimed music teacher who has taught and mentored some of the most celebrated Canadian musicians in the world today. His list of prestigious former students includes Diana Krall, Ingrid Jensen, Christine Jensen, and David Gogo. This study is centered on the question: What aspects of Bryan Stovell’s life and work, if any, have enabled so many of his former students to become extraordinarily successful in the professional music world? To answer this question, I conducted a series of interviews with Stovell. When collecting and analyzing data, I used an adapted version of Rosenthal’s “gestalt-theoretical phenomenological concept of the dialectical interrelation between experience, memory and narration.” Rosenthal has used this method to distinguish between the “narrated life as related in conversation or written in present time and the lived-through life” (Rosenthal, 2006, p. 1). I augmented this method by including in my analysis accounts of Stovell’s work, character, and personality provided in interviews with Stovell’s former students. My analysis yielded five relatively distinct answers to the central research question: (1) Stovell’s musical competence and vast musical experiences allow him to inspire, motivate, and provide practical opportunities for his students. These practical opportunities include connecting his most promising students to the professional world. (2) Stovell’s practical pedagogy allows students to gain vital hands on experience and enables him to meet unique needs of individuals within the classroom environment. (3) A consistent, dedicated approach to education over the last 50 years has allowed Stovell to provide a productive learning environment for a relatively large group of students. Students gain a sense of safety and confidence from Stovell’s predictable approach, and his example inspires them to tackle their own development in a consistent and dedicated manner. (4) Stovell has a unique capability for developing authentic and productive relationships with students. These relationships allow him to meet the individual needs of his students and inspire them to connect with music in deeply personal ways. (5) Stovell’s extraordinary commitment to extra-curricular activities enables his students to gain authentic and practical musical experiences outside of the classroom.
title: Image quality improvement of calcification removal using Dual Energy CT
Creators: name: Ikeda, Shu
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CT
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Removal
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In Dual Energy there are two common post-processing methods: Two-material and Three-material decomposition. In the Two-material method, bone and contrast media, for example, can be separated from each other, and with the Three-material method, a...
“Rape-Adjacent”: Imagining Legal Responses To Nonconsensual Condom Removal
Creators: name: Brodsky, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Condom use
subject: Rape--Law and legislation
subject: Acquaintance rape
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Nonconsensual condom removal during sexual intercourse exposes victims to physical risks of pregnancy and disease and, interviews make clear, is experienced by many as a grave violation of dignity and autonomy. Such condom removal, popularly known as “stealthing,”can be understood to transform consensual sex into nonconsensual sex by one of two theories, one of which poses a risk of over-criminalization by demanding complete transparency about reproductive capacity and sexually transmitted infections. Adopting the alternative, preferable theory of non-consent, this Article considers possible criminal, tort, contract, and civil rights remedies currently available to victims. Ultimately, a new tort for “stealthing” is necessary both to provide victims with a more viable cause of action and to reflect better the harms wrought by nonconsensual condom removal.
Smooth Fano polytopes whose Ehrhart polynomial has a root with large real part
Creators: name: Ohsugi, Hidefumi
name: Shibata, Kazuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20 (Primary) 13P10 (Secondary)

description: The symmetric edge polytopes of odd cycles (del Pezzo polytopes) are known as smooth Fano polytopes. In this paper, we show that if the length of the cycle is 127, then the Ehrhart polynomial has a root whose real part is greater than the dimension. As a result, we have a smooth Fano polytope that is a counterexample to the two conjectures on the roots of Ehrhart polynomials.
description: 4 pages, We changed the order of the auhors and omitted a lot of parts of the paper. (If you are interested in omitted parts, then please read v1)
title: Study of thyroid nodules in thyroidectomized patients with histological results of thyroid carcinoma.
Creators: name: Aisa, Maria del Pilar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Head and Neck
subject: Head and neck
subject: Thyroid / Parathyroids
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Cancer
subject: Endocrine disorders
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In our institution, a large number of patients are studied and followed-up because of the presence of thyroid nodules, being the ultrasound (US) the technique of choice in its study. The classification of nodules with TIRADS system provides users to...
Introduction: Female Perspectives in Commercial and Consumer Law
Creators: name: Hawkins, Jim
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commercial law
subject: Consumer credit--Law and legislation
subject: Payday loans
subject: Credit
subject: Women
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Over the past several decades, female perspectives on commercial and consumer law have played an increasingly important role in the legal literature on credit, debt, and commerce. On the one hand, now that women are permitted a place in legal academia, many more women have made contributions to these scholarly fields. But also, the literature has increasingly engaged feminist thought, highlighting the challenges women face interacting with credit. As one prominent example of the special risks that women experience, consider fringe consumer credit markets. The majority of people taking out payday loans—those short-term loans for small amounts with high costs —are women. Other fringe credit products are the same. Women make up a majority of pawn shop customers, title lending customers, and rent-to-own customers.
How the Colorado Forest Restoration Institute can help
Creators: name: Binkley, Dan
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: forest restoration
Colorado
Colorado Forest Restoration Institute (CFRI)

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Dr. Dan Binkley has worked on ecosystem productivity and nutrient cycling for 25 years, blending applied and basic perspectives in his research and teaching. Some of the applied perspectives have focused on sustaining the productivity of forests by sustaining soil fertility and providing useful information in textbooks and courses for people who manage forests. His basic research perspectives include long-term changes in vegetation and soils (along rivers, with tree invasion of tundra as climate warms, and in common-garden experiments), and fundamental controls on ecosystem productivity over time (using plantations of Eucalyptus species in Hawaii and Brazil as model systems). Dr. Binkley has been at Colorado State University for 20 years, teaching courses on a wide range of topics in ecology and sustainable forestry. He was the Director of CSU's cross-campus Graduate Degree Program in Ecology for 12 years, and is now the Director of the new Colorado Forest Restoration Institute. Prior to CSU, Dr. Binkley spent 5 years as an assistant professor at Duke University's School of Forestry and Environmental Studies. He holds degrees from Oregon State University (1982 PhD in forest ecology, with minors in soil science and botany), the University of British Columbia (1980 M.S. in forest ecology), and Northern Arizona University (1976 BSF in Forest Management).
Optimizing exoplanet transit searches around low-mass stars with inclination constraints
Creators: name: Herrero, E.
name: Ribas, I.
name: Jordi, C.
name: Guinan, E. F.
name: Engle, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We investigate a method to increase the efficiency of a targeted exoplanet search with the transit technique by preselecting a subset of candidates from large catalogs of stars. Assuming spin-orbit alignment, this can be done by considering stars that have higher probability to be oriented nearly equator-on (inclination close to 90^{\circ}). Methods. We use activity-rotation velocity relations for low-mass stars with a convective envelope to study the dependence of the position in the activity-vsini diagram on the stellar axis inclination. We compose a catalog of G-, K-, M-type main sequence simulated stars using isochrones, an isotropic inclination distribution and empirical relations to obtain their rotation periods and activity indexes. Then the activity - vsini diagram is filled and statistics are applied to trace the areas containing the higher ratio of stars with inclinations above 80^{\circ}. A similar statistics is applied to stars from real catalogs with log(R'HK) and vsini data to find their probability of being equator-on. Results. We present the method used to generate the simulated star catalog and the subsequent statistics to find the highly inclined stars from real catalogs using the activity - vsini diagram. Several catalogs from the literature are analysed and a subsample of stars with the highest probability of being equator-on is presented. Conclusions. Assuming spin-orbit alignment, the efficiency of an exoplanet transit search in the resulting subsample of probably highly inclined stars is estimated to be two to three times higher than with a global search with no preselection.
description: Accepted by A&A, 10 pages, 4 figures
Giant Molecular Clouds in the Local Group Galaxy M33
Creators: name: Gratier, P.
name: Braine, J.
name: Rodriguez-Fernandez, N. J.
name: Schuster, K. F.
name: Kramer, C.
name: Corbelli, E.
name: Combes, F.
name: Brouillet, N.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
name: Röllig, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the systematic CO(2-1) survey at 12" resolution covering most of the local group spiral M 33 which, at a distance of 840 kpc, is close enough that individual giant molecular clouds (GMCs) can be identified. The goal of this work is to study the properties of the GMCs in this subsolar metallicity galaxy. The CPROPS (Cloud Properties) algorithm (Rosolowsky & Leroy 2006) was used to identify 337 GMCs in M 33, the largest sample to date in an external galaxy. The sample is used to study the GMC luminosity function, or mass spectrum under the assumption of a constant N(H2)/ICO ratio. We find that n(L)dL = K*L^(-2.0\pm0.1) for the entire sample. However, when the sample is divided into inner and outer disk samples, the exponent changes from 1.6 \pm 0.2 for the centre 2 kpc to 2.3 \pm 0.2 for galactocentric distances larger than 2 kpc. Based on the emission in the FUV, Halpha, 8mu, and 24mu bands, each cloud was classified in terms of its star forming activity - no star formation, embedded, or exposed star formation (visible in FUV and Halpha). At least one sixth of the clouds had no (massive) star formation, suggesting that the average time required for star formation to start is about one sixth of the total time for which the object is identifiable as a GMC. The clouds without star formation have significantly lower CO luminosities than those with star formation, whether embedded or exposed, presumably related to the lack of heating sources. Taking the cloud sample as a whole, the main non-trivial correlation was the decrease in cloud CO brightness (or luminosity) with galactocentric radius. The complete cloud catalog, including CO and HI spectra and the CO contours on the FUV, Halpha, 8mu, and 24mu images is presented in the appendix.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. Language correction and change to figure 1. Figure 6 was shifted and cropped in the previous version
title: A New Method for Windmill Artifact Reduction
Creators: name: HATAKEYAMA, KOKI
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: CT
subject: Computer applications
subject: CT
subject: Removal
subject: Artifacts
subject: Retrospective
subject: Not applicable

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Objects with high CT numbers like metal may cause low diagnostic performance because they can cause windmill artifacts. Here we suggest a new method for windmill artifact reduction. Our new software derives “Windmill Artifact Reduction Images”...
Additional file 1 of Airborne particulate matter, population mobility and COVID-19: a multi-city study in China
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Liu, Jiangtao
name: Li, Yanlin
name: Fu, Shihua
name: Xu, Xiaocheng
name: Li, Lanyu
name: Zhou, Ji
name: Liu, Xingrong
name: He, Xiaotao
name: Yan, Jun
name: Shi, Yanjun
name: Niu, Jingping
name: Yang, Yong
name: Li, Yiyao
name: Luo, Bin
name: Zhang, Kai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
More Than Mileage: The Preconditions of Travel and the Real Burdens of H.B. 2
Creators: name: Gomez, Madeline M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abortion--Law and legislation
subject: Abortion services
subject: Women's rights
subject: Travel
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: During the winter break of my second year in law school, I drove from my childhood home in Fort Worth, Texas to New Orleans, Louisiana to watch oral arguments at the Fifth Circuit in the case Planned Parenthood v. Abbott. 1 That case was the first legal challenge to the constitutionality of Texas House Bill 2 (“H.B. 2”),2 the omnibus anti-abortion bill enacted by the Texas legislature in 2013. In total, I drove 541 miles door-to-door, spending about eight hours on the road each way. That distance is slightly less than what a woman living in El Paso would have to travel to get an abortion in Texas if H.B. 2 had been fully implemented. Because of the Supreme Court’s decision in Whole Woman’s Health v. Hellerstedt, 3 the second attempt to strike down the law, that potential outcome will hopefully remain a hypothetical.
Modern Japan, episode zero: Japan's struggle for diplomatic equality, 1859-1894
Creators: name: Suzuki, Yu
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2010

description: Bibliography: p. 97-110
description: From 1858 to 1894, Japan was not an independent state, because of the unequal treaties. These treaties forbid the Japanese to possess the freedom to set the tariff rate as they wished, and also the Western nationals in Japan were immune from Japanese laws. Naturally, Japanese elites resented the unequal treaties, and considered this as the most important diplomatic problem that they had to solve. Since the British were the most powerful Western nation that was against treaty revision, negotiation with them was prioritized. From 1858 to 1885, Japan was seen as a semi-civilized nation that did not deserve equal diplomatic status, but from the mid-1880s this started to change. Japan's successful Westernization impressed British decision makers, and by 1890 they concluded that Japan had become a nation that was more civilized than any other non-Western nation, and consequently decided to sign a treaty on equal terms in 1894.
The Law of Stigma, Travel, and the Abortion-Free Island
Creators: name: Erdman, Joanna N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abortion--Law and legislation
subject: Abortion services
subject: Women's rights
subject: Stigma (Social psychology)
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: In 1988, the Supreme Court of Canada decriminalized abortion in R. v. Morgentaler. 1 Almost immediately thereafter, the Maritime province of Prince Edward Island (“P.E.I.”) passed a legislative resolution opposing the provision of abortion services on the Island except to save the life of a pregnant woman.2 P.E.I. is a small pastoral province of rolling hills and ocean coves in the St. Lawrence Gulf, and since 1988, through various regulatory actions, its government has honored this policy promise to keep the Island abortion-free and to preserve its moral landscape.3

The Confederation Bridge, an 8 mile bridge connecting the island with the mainland, tells a story of abortion travel in Canada—women’s long crossings over menacing, ice-covered waters, their feats of ingenuity, and their durable and reinforcing supports in this crossing. It is the story of a bridge built to break some women under their own weight, while allowing others to cruise past. It is the story of a problem and a solution to that problem. It is the story of a public controversy over how abortion challenges Islanders’ sense of themselves, their past and their future—the Islander way of life.
title: Altered resting state MR functional connectivity in women with chronic pelvic pain
Creators: name: Marti-Bonmati, Luis
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Pelvic floor dysfunction
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: MR
subject: CNS
subject: Neuro

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) has revealed altered connectivity patterns in patients with chronic pelvic pain. Disruptions of the Default Mode Network (DMN) and Salience Network (SN) have been associated to clinical...
An Exact Interior Extension of a Static Solution for an Electric Charged Ball
Creators: name: Baranov, Alexandre M.
name: Vlasov, Zakhar V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the model approach to the description of spherical gravitating static fluid ball with an electric charge in general relativity. The metric is written in Bondi's coordinates. The total energy-momentum tensor (EMT) is chosen as a sum of the EMT of a Pascal perfect fluid and that of the electromagnetic field. An exact solution of the Einstein-Maxwell equations is found, extending a similar solution with parabolic mass density distribution.
description: 2 pages, Proceedings of the 12th Russian Gravitational Conference, Kazan, 20-36 June 2005
Competition through selective inhibitory synchrony
Creators: name: Rutishauser, Ueli
name: Slotine, Jean-Jacques
name: Douglas, Rodney J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Models of cortical neuronal circuits commonly depend on inhibitory feedback to control gain, provide signal normalization, and to selectively amplify signals using winner-take-all (WTA) dynamics. Such models generally assume that excitatory and inhibitory neurons are able to interact easily, because their axons and dendrites are co-localized in the same small volume. However, quantitative neuroanatomical studies of the dimensions of axonal and dendritic trees of neurons in the neocortex show that this co-localization assumption is not valid. In this paper we describe a simple modification to the WTA circuit design that permits the effects of distributed inhibitory neurons to be coupled through synchronization, and so allows a single WTA to be distributed widely in cortical space, well beyond the arborization of any single inhibitory neuron, and even across different cortical areas. We prove by non-linear contraction analysis, and demonstrate by simulation that distributed WTA sub-systems combined by such inhibitory synchrony are inherently stable. We show analytically that synchronization is substantially faster than winner selection. This circuit mechanism allows networks of independent WTAs to fully or partially compete with each other.
description: in press at Neural computation; 4 figures
Babies, Bodies, and Buyers
Creators: name: Williams, Patricia J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Women's rights
subject: Reproductive rights
subject: Reproductive health
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: In the thirty-five years since I began my career in legal education, much about the status of women, gender and sexuality has changed. There are the obvious triumphs: more female students, faculty and deans—as well as more bathrooms for more kinds of people than just “men.” Life is less lonely now, and conversation more intersectional. There is more openness about LGBT issues. There is marriage equality, however contested. And there is less general tolerance for open forms of harassment.

But challenges remain. While reproductive rights have always been at the center of women’s work in the academy, that conversation has changed in complex ways in recent years—in no small part because of revolutionary new assisted-reproductive and genetic technologies. From oosplasmic transfer1 to pre-implantation genetic diagnosis2 to the precise gene-editing capabilities of Crispr-cas9,3 these technologies can facilitate quiet forms of eugenic natalism. Increasingly, consumerist rather than dignitary notions of choice have been deployed to chase non-medical, cosmetic notions of human perfectibility. I worry that this shift signals an ever-more pervasive styling of bodies—including future bodies—as private property, and as inert clay-for-the-molding.
Critical Rotation of an Annular Superfluid Bose Gas
Creators: name: Dubessy, Romain
name: Liennard, Thomas
name: Pedri, Paolo
name: Perrin, Hélène
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the excitation spectrum of a superfluid Bose-Einstein condensate rotating in a ring trap. We identify two important branches of the spectrum related to outer and inner edge surface modes that lead to the instability of the superfluid. Depending on the initial circulation of the annular condensate, either the outer or the inner modes become first unstable. This instability is crucially related to the superfluid nature of the rotating gas. In particular we point out the existence of a maximal circulation above which the superflow decays spontaneously, which cannot be explained by invoking the average speed of sound.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, PRA Rapid Comm
title: Volumetric parameters on MRI for predicting tumour genetics and survival of patients with diffuse gliomas.
Creators: name: BARRIOS LOPEZ, ANDRES JAVIER
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Oncology
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: MR
subject: Segmentation
subject: Cancer
subject: Genetic defects
subject: Outcomes
subject: Prospective
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Diffuse gliomas represent the most common group of infiltrative primary brain tumours in adults. As of 2016, the World Health Organization classification system categorizes diffuse gliomas according to the presence or absence of an isocitrate...
Neutrinoless double beta decay and neutrino physics
Creators: name: Rodejohann, Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection of neutrino physics with neutrinoless double beta decay is reviewed. After presenting the current status of the PMNS matrix and the theoretical background of neutrino mass and lepton mixing, we will summarize the various implications of neutrino physics for double beta decay. The influence of light sterile neutrinos and other exotic modifications of the three neutrino picture is also discussed.
description: 27 pages, 10 figures. Accepted version of contribution to focus issue on Double Beta Decay in J. Phys. G
Women in the Shark Tank: Entrepreneurship and Feminism in a Neoliberal Age
Creators: name: Keren, Hila
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Entrepreneurship
subject: Businesswomen
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Feminism
subject: Reality television programs

description: Shark Tank is the American version of a reality television format featuring entrepreneurs pitching their business ideas in order to secure investment from a panel of venture capitalists.

Every episode of the show consists of several pitches. In each pitch, an entrepreneur or a team of entrepreneurs (“pitchers”) presents an innovative business, seeking investment by one or more investors (“sharks”) out of a panel of five, in exchange for equity in the presented business. All sharks are investing their own money, and successful pitches lead to deals that bring the entrepreneurs not only capital, but also the help of the investing shark(s) with business connections and mentorship. Currently on its seventh season, the show enjoys remarkable popularity. It has millions of viewers, and in both 2014 and 2015 it won the Emmy Award for Outstanding Structured Reality Program. Numerous avid fans who not only follow the show but also write about it in a variety of mediums, including social media, further enhance its impact.
Properties of jets measured from tracks in proton-proton collisions at center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jets are identified and their properties studied in center-of-mass energy sqrt(s) = 7 TeV proton-proton collisions at the Large Hadron Collider using charged particles measured by the ATLAS inner detector. Events are selected using a minimum bias trigger, allowing jets at very low transverse momentum to be observed and their characteristics in the transition to high-momentum fully perturbative jets to be studied. Jets are reconstructed using the anti-kt algorithm applied to charged particles with two radius parameter choices, 0.4 and 0.6. An inclusive charged jet transverse momentum cross section measurement from 4 GeV to 100 GeV is shown for four ranges in rapidity extending to 1.9 and corrected to charged particle-level truth jets. The transverse momenta and longitudinal momentum fractions of charged particles within jets are measured, along with the charged particle multiplicity and the particle density as a function of radial distance from the jet axis. Comparison of the data with the theoretical models implemented in existing tunings of Monte Carlo event generators indicates reasonable overall agreement between data and Monte Carlo. These comparisons are sensitive to Monte Carlo parton showering, hadronization, and soft physics models.
description: 15 pages plus author list (27 pages total), 6 figures, 3 tables, final version published in Physical Review D
Remembering the Founding of the Journal of Gender and Law
Creators: name: Fredrickson, Caroline
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law schools
subject: Women--Education (Higher)
subject: Minority women
subject: Discrimination in higher education
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: In this article, Caroline Fredrickson looks back on why she and her friends first started the Columbia Journal of Gender and Law after feeling that law school was a somewhat strange and alienating environment and didn’t seem to provide then with what they were seeking. The underlying philosophy of JGL: an interdisciplinary approach to the problems that continue to confound our society in terms of gender and race and the simultaneous disadvantages that affect women of color.
Apparent Lorentz violation with superluminal Majorana neutrinos at OPERA?
Creators: name: Tamburini, F.
name: Laveder, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the data release of OPERA - CNGS experiment, and publicly announced on 23 September 2011, we cast a phenomenological model based on a Majorana neutrino state carrying a fictitious imaginary mass term, already discussed by Majorana in 1932. This mass term can be induced by the interaction with the matter of the Earth's crust during the 735 Km travel. Within the experimental errors, we prove that the model fits with OPERA, MINOS and supernova SN1987a data. Possible violations to Lorentz invariance due to quantum gravity effects have been considered.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table, updated with new data, new figure. Higgs mass expected at (273.56 {\pm} 0.01) GeV
Creditors’ Use of Consumer Debt Criminalization Practices and their Financial Abuse of Women
Creators: name: Johnson, Creola
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Consumer credit
Debtor and creditor--Criminal provisions
Renting to own
Collection laws
Women--Finance, Personal

description: In 1998, while a practicing attorney, I helped a legal aid client file for Chapter 7 bankruptcy relief because she was no longer able to manage her debts. As required under bankruptcy law, I had to help her file a list of all her creditors, as well as a statement of intention, which provides a snapshot as to how certain debts will be treated. My client, “Brenda,” a single mother, became fearful as I discussed with her the possibility of not paying a rent-to-own (“RTO”) company from which she had obtained a living room set. She told me that we had to pay the company because, as she said, “I don’t want them to put me in jail.” I was completely dumbfounded that she thought that could really happen to her. I explained to her that the RTO company could not put her in jail for failing to pay a civil debt. But she insisted we had to pay because, “I’m not going to jail.” Little did I know I was really the ignorant one.
Introduction: Banishing Women: The Law and Politics of Abortion Travel
Creators: name: Kelly, Lisa
name: Tuszynski, Nicole
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Abortion--Law and legislation
Abortion services
Women lawyers
Women's rights
Travel

description: In her Introduction to the inaugural issue of the Columbia Journal of and Law (JGL), Ruth Bader Ginsburg traced the gendered history of Columbia Law School from 1928, when the first female student was admitted, to 1990, when women composed nearly half the student body. Reflecting on this change, she asked, “Does women’s participation affect the way law business is conducted, and the shape and direction of legal development?” In pursuing this “large question,” Justice Ginsburg contemplated a feminist movement that would offer “a spacious home” for “all who have the imagination and determination to work for the full realization of human potential.”
Peak oil and gas, and our energy dilemma
Creators: name: Andrews, Steve
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2008
Subjects: natural gas
peak oil
United States

description: Presented at the Can forests meet our energy needs? The future of forest biomass in Colorado conference, February 21, 2008, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado.
description: Steve Andrews is a co-founder of ASPO-USA (Association for the Study of Peak Oil & Gas - USA, which is a non-partisan, non-profit research and public education initiative organized to address the USA's peak oil and natural gas energy challenges. He has followed the slowly emerging peak oil story since the late 1970s and began speaking out about this problem in public forums a decade later, with over 150 presentations made on the topic to date. At present he is one of ten board members running the organization, and is serving as the Acting Executive Director.
title: Implantable cardiac devices: Do radiologists know them all?
Creators: name: Kuang, Ronny
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Cross-sectional study
subject: Prospective
subject: Cardiac Assist Devices
subject: Education
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Cardiac
subject: Anatomy
subject: Chest

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: With rapid advancements in the field of implantable cardiac devices, it is imperative for reporting radiologists to accurately identify and differentiate between each device in their types, locations and functions, and therefore, observe and report...
Additional file 2 of Clinic and genetic similarity assessments of atypical carcinoid, neuroendocrine neoplasm with atypical carcinoid morphology and elevated mitotic count and large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma
Creators: name: Zhang, Ying
name: Wang, Weiya
name: Hu, Qianrong
name: Liang, Zuoyu
name: Zhou, Ping
name: Tang, Yuan
name: Jiang, Lili
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2. The pathways in which the top ten mutated genes are involved.