Bacterial leaf streak caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum, a disease that might threaten European maize production
Creators: name: Aspin, Andrew
name: Cole, Jennifer
name: Bryning, Adam
name: Carroll, Sarah
name: Haynes, Edward
name: Greer, Shannon
name: Grant, Murray
name: Harrison, Jamie
name: Studholme, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Maize
Bacterial disease
Threat
Xanthomonas
Risk

description: Plant diseases caused by <em>Xanthomonas</em> species affect many different crops worldwide. The species <em>Xanthomonas vasicola</em> currently includes four pathovars: <em>arecae</em>, <em>musacearum</em>, <em>vasculorum</em> (Xvv), and <em>holcicola</em> (Xvh). Of these only Xvh has a validly published name, although the others have been proposed. Maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) is the most widely grown cereal in the world. Bacterial leaf streak of maize caused by Xvv was first reported in South Africa in 1948 and was not reported anywhere else until 2014 when it was identified in Nebraska, USA; this disease then spread rapidly and is now present in 10 US states. Recently it has also been reported in some regions of Argentina and Brazil. This disease is not currently present in Europe, but should be considered as a potential threat to maize crops. At Fera, artificial inoculations on a range of maize varieties grown in the UK indicate wide susceptibility to this pathogen. The main host of Xvv is maize, but evidence has shown that other monocot species like oat and rice are also hosts. The most likely pathway of entry in Europe will be on seed, although there are only a few reports of seedborne infections. By sequencing Xvv isolates from South Africa, the US, Brazil, and Argentina, and comparing sequences with publicly available data, we aim to determine what is the most likely origin of the infections observed in South America and use this to inform a plant protection strategy for the UK.
description: {"references": ["Dyer RA,1949. Botanical surveys and control of plant diseases. Farming in South Africa. Annu. Rep. Dep. Agric. S. Afr. 275:119-121.", "Coutinho TA, and Wallis FM, 1991. Bacterial streak disease of maize (Zea mays L.) in South Africa. J. Phytopathol. 133:112", "Korus K, Lang JM, Adesemoye AO, Block CC, Pa N, Leach JE, and Jackson-Ziems TA, 2017. First report of Xanthomonas vasicola causing bacterial leaf streak on corn in the United States. Plant Dis. 101:1030", "Plazas MC, De Rossi RL, Br\u00fccher E, Guerra FA, Vilar\u00f3 M, Guerra GD, Wu G, Ortiz-Castro MC, and Broders K, 2018. First Report of Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum Causing Bacteria Leaf Streak of Maize (Zea mays) in Argentina. Plant Dis. 102(5):1026", "Leite Jr. RP, Cust\u00f3dio AAP, Madalosso T, Robaina RR, Duin IM, and Sugahara VH, 2018. First Report of the Occurrence of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Corn Caused by Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum in Brazil. Plant Dis. 103(1):145", "Hartman T, Tharnish B, Harbour J, Yuen GY, Jackson-Ziems TA, 2020 Alternative Hosts in the Families Poaceae and Cyperaceae for Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum, Causal Agent of Bacterial Leaf Streak of Corn. Phytopath. 110(6):1147-1152.", "Lang JM, DuCharme E, Caballero JI, Luna E, Hartman T, Ortiz-Castro M, Korus K, Rascoe J, Jackson-Ziems TA, Broders K, and Leach J E, 2017. Detection and Characterization of Xanthomonas vasicola pv. vasculorum (Cobb 1894) comb. nov. Causing Bacterial Leaf Streak of Corn in the United States. Papers in Plant Path. 478"]}