cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extending Transition Path Theory: Periodically Driven and Finite-Time Dynamics
Creators: name: Helfmann, Luzie
name: Ribera Borrell, Enric
name: Schütte, Christof
name: Koltai, Péter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Transition path theory
subject: Markov chains
subject: Time-inhomogeneous process
subject: Periodic driving
subject: Finite-time dynamics
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: Given two distinct subsets A, B in the state space of some dynamical system, transition path theory (TPT) was successfully used to describe the statistical behavior of transitions from A to B in the ergodic limit of the stationary system.We derive generalizations of TPT that remove the requirements of stationarity and of the ergodic limit and provide this powerful tool for the analysis of other dynamical scenarios: periodically forced dynamics and time-dependent finite-time systems. This is partially motivated by studying applications such as climate, ocean, and social dynamics. On simple model examples, we show how the new tools are able to deliver quantitative understanding about the statistical behavior of such systems.We also point out explicit cases where the more general dynamical regimes show different behaviors to their stationary counterparts, linking these tools directly to bifurcations in non-deterministic systems.
Unique phase diagram with narrow superconducting dome in EuFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ due to Eu$^{2+}$ local magnetic moments
Creators: name: Tokiwa, Y.
name: Hübner, S. -H.
name: Beck, O.
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Gegenwart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between superconductivity and Eu$ ^{2+}$ magnetic moments in EuFe$_2$(As$_{1-x}$P$_x$)$_2$ is studied by electrical resistivity measurements under hydrostatic pressure on $x=0.13$ and $x=0.18$ single crystals. We can map hydrostatic pressure to chemical pressure $x$ and show, that superconductivity is confined to a very narrow range $0.18\leq x \leq 0.23$ in the phase diagram, beyond which ferromagnetic (FM) Eu ordering suppresses superconductivity. The change from antiferro- to FM Eu ordering at the latter concentration coincides with a Lifshitz transition and the complete depression of iron magnetic order.
description: 4 pages
Theorising backlash politics: Conclusion to a special issue on backlash politics in comparison
Creators: name: Alter, Karen J.
name: Zürn, Michael
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: backlash politics
subject: contestation
subject: emotional politics
subject: taboo breaking
subject: nostalgia
subject: public discourse
subject: retrograde
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: This conclusion to a special issue on backlash politics develops a proto-theory of backlash politics. The special issue's introduction defined backlash politics as a particular form of political contestation with a retrograde objective as well as extraordinary goals or tactics that has reached the threshold level of entering mainstream public discourse. While a sub-category of contentious politics, we argue that backlash politics is distinct and should not be understood as 'regressive contentious politics'. Drawing from the contributions to this special issue, we discuss the causes of backlash politics, yet we argue that the greatest theoretical advances may come from studying backlash dynamics and how these dynamics contribute to different outcomes. We develop a proto-theory of backlash politics that considers causes for the rise of backlash movements, how frequent companions to backlash politics - emotive politics, nostalgia, taboo breaking, and institution reshaping - intensify backlash dynamics and make it more likely that backlash politics generate consequential outcomes.
Dynamic Planar Voronoi Diagrams for General Distance Functions and Their Algorithmic Applications
Creators: name: Kaplan, Haim
name: Mulzer, Wolfgang
name: Roditty, Liam
name: Seiferth, Paul
name: Sharir, Micha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Voronoi diagram
subject: Dynamic structure
subject: General distance functions
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke

description: We describe a new data structure for dynamic nearest neighbor queries in the plane with respect to a general family of distance functions. These include L-p-norms and additively weighted Euclidean distances. Our data structure supports general (convex, pairwise disjoint) sites that have constant description complexity (e.g., points, line segments, disks, etc.). Our structure uses O(n log(3)n) storage, and requires polylogarithmic update and query time, improving an earlier data structure of Agarwal, Efrat, and Sharir which required O(n(epsilon)) time for an update and O(log n) time for a query [SICOMP 1999]. Our data structure has numerous applications. In all of them, it gives faster algorithms, typically reducing an O(n(epsilon)) factor in the previous bounds to polylogarithmic. In addition, we give here two new applications: an efficient construction of a spanner in a disk intersection graph, and a data structure for efficient connectivity queries in a dynamic disk graph. To obtain this data structure, we combine and extend various techniques from the literature. Along the way, we obtain several side results that are of independent interest. Our data structure depends on the existence and an efficient construction of "vertical" shallow cuttings in arrangements of bivariate algebraic functions. We prove that an appropriate level in an arrangement of a random sample of a suitable size provides such a cutting. To compute it efficiently, we develop a randomized incremental construction algorithm for computing the lowest k levels in an arrangement of bivariate algebraic functions (we mostly consider here collections of functions whose lower envelope has linear complexity, as is the case in the dynamic nearest-neighbor context, under both types of norm). To analyze this algorithm, we also improve a longstanding bound on the combinatorial complexity of the vertical decomposition of these levels. Finally, to obtain our structure, we combine our vertical shallow cutting construction with Chan's algorithm for efficiently maintaining the lower envelope of a dynamic set of planes in R-3. Along the way, we also revisit Chan's technique and present a variant that uses a single binary counter, with a simpler analysis and improved amortized deletion time (by a logarithmic factor; the insertion and query costs remain asymptotically the same).
Galactic Fly-Bys: New Source of Lithium Production
Creators: name: Prodanovic, Tijana
name: Bogdanovic, Tamara
name: Urosevic, Dejan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of low-metallicity halo stars have revealed a puzzling result: the abundance of \li7 in these stars is at least three times lower than their predicted primordial abundance. It is unclear whether the cause of this disagreement is a lack of understanding of lithium destruction mechanisms in stars or the non-standard physics behind the Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN). Uncertainties related to the destruction of lithium in stars can be circumvented if lithium abundance is measured in the "pristine" gas of the low metallicity systems. The first measurement in one such system, the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC), was found to be at the level of the pure expected primordial value, but is on the other hand, just barely consistent with the expected galactic abundance for the system at the SMC metallicity, where important lithium quantity was also produced in interactions of galactic cosmic rays (GCRs) and presents an addition to the already present primordial abundance. Due to the importance of the SMC lithium measurement for the resolution of the lithium problem, we here draw attention to the possibility of another post-BBN production channel of lithium, which could present an important addition to the observed SMC lithium abundance. Besides standard galactic cosmic rays, additional post-BBN production of lithium might come from cosmic rays accelerated in galaxy-galaxy interactions. This might be important for a system such is the SMC, which has experienced galaxy harassment in its history...(abridged)
description: 9 pages. Accepted to PRD. Version update for some revisions
Identification of topological superconductivity in magnetic impurity systems using bulk spin polarization
Creators: name: Mashkoori, Mahdi
name: Pradhan, Saurabh
name: Bjornson, Kristofer
name: Fransson, Jonas
name: Black-Schaffer, Annica M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: majorana fermions
subject: states
subject: topological superconductivity
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Magnetic impurities on the surface of Rashba spin-orbit-coupled, but otherwise conventional, superconductors provide a promising way to engineer topological superconductors with Majorana bound states as boundary modes. In this work we show that the spin-polarization in the interior of both one-dimensional impurity chains and two-dimensional islands in these systems can be used to determine the superconducting topological phase, as it changes sign exactly at the topological phase transition. Thus, spin polarization offers an alternative method to detect the topological phase in magnetic impurity chains and islands deposited on conventional superconductors, beyond the zero-energy Majorana bound states.
Relational Databases and Bell's Theorem
Creators: name: Abramsky, Samson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our aim in this paper is to point out a surprising formal connection, between two topics which seem on face value to have nothing to do with each other: relational database theory, and the study of non-locality and contextuality in the foundations of quantum mechanics. We shall show that there is a remarkably direct correspondence between central results such as Bell's theorem in the foundations of quantum mechanics, and questions which arise naturally and have been well-studied in relational database theory.
description: 19 pages. To appear in Festschrift for Peter Buneman
Improving plant drought tolerance and growth under water limitation through combinatorial engineering of signalling networks
Creators: name: Schulz, Philipp
name: Piepenburg, Katrin
name: Lintermann, Ruth
name: Herde, Marco
name: Schöttler, Mark A.
name: Schmidt, Lena K.
name: Ruf, Stephanie
name: Kudla, Jörg
name: Romeis, Tina
name: Bock, Ralph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: abiotic stress
subject: Arabidopsis thaliana
subject: drought stress
subject: Nicotiana tabacum
subject: salt stress
subject: stress tolerance
subject: synthetic biology
subject: water-use efficiency
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Agriculture is by far the biggest water consumer on our planet, accounting for 70 per cent of all freshwater withdrawals. Climate change and a growing world population increase pressure on agriculture to use water more efficiently ('more crop per drop'). Water-use efficiency (WUE) and drought tolerance of crops are complex traits that are determined by many physiological processes whose interplay is not well understood. Here, we describe a combinatorial engineering approach to optimize signalling networks involved in the control of stress tolerance. Screening a large population of combinatorially transformed plant lines, we identified a combination of calcium-dependent protein kinase genes that confers enhanced drought stress tolerance and improved growth under water-limiting conditions. Targeted introduction of this gene combination into plants increased plant survival under drought and enhanced growth under water-limited conditions. Our work provides an efficient strategy for engineering complex signalling networks to improve plant performance under adverse environmental conditions, which does not depend on prior understanding of network function.
Perturbations and non-Gaussianities in three-form inflationary magnetogenesis
Creators: name: Urban, Federico R.
name: Koivisto, Tomi K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider magnetogenesis in the context of three-form inflation, and its backreaction. In particular, we focus on first order perturbation theory during inflation and subsequent radiation era: we discuss the consistency of the perturbative approach, and elaborate on the possible non-Gaussian signatures of the model.
description: 29 pages and 8 figures
Fourth order perturbative expansion for the Casimir energy with a slightly deformed plate
Creators: name: Fosco, C. D.
name: Lombardo, F. C.
name: Mazzitelli, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a perturbative approach to evaluate the Casimir energy for a massless real scalar field in 3+1 dimensions, subject to Dirichlet boundary conditions on two surfaces. One of the surfaces is assumed to be flat, while the other corresponds to a small deformation, described by a single function $η$, of a flat mirror. The perturbative expansion is carried out up to the fourth order in the deformation $η$, and the results are applied to the calculation of the Casimir energy for corrugated mirrors in front of a plane. We also reconsider the proximity force approximation within the context of this expansion.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Monitoring of Farm-Level Antimicrobial Use to Guide Stewardship: Overview of Existing Systems and Analysis of Key Components and Processes
Creators: name: Sanders, Pim
name: Vanderhaeghen, Wannes
name: Fertner, Mette
name: Fuchs, Klemens
name: Obritzhauser, Walter
name: Agunos, Agnes
name: Carson, Carolee
name: Borck Hog, Birgitte
name: Dalhoff Andersen, Vibe
name: Merle, Roswitha
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: antimicrobial use
subject: livestock
subject: overview
subject: indicator
subject: benchmarking
subject: monitoring
subject: antimicrobial stewardship
subject: antimicrobial resistance
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The acknowledgment of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) as a major health challenge in humans, animals and plants, has led to increased efforts to reduce antimicrobial use (AMU). To better understand factors influencing AMR and implement and evaluate stewardship measures for reducing AMU, it is important to have sufficiently detailed information on the quantity of AMU, preferably at the level of the user (farmer, veterinarian) and/or prescriber or provider (veterinarian, feed mill). Recently, several countries have established or are developing systems for monitoring AMU in animals. The aim of this publication is to provide an overview of known systems for monitoring AMU at farm-level, with a descriptive analysis of their key components and processes. As of March 2020, 38 active farm-level AMU monitoring systems from 16 countries were identified. These systems differ in many ways, including which data are collected, the type of analyses conducted and their respective output. At the same time, they share key components (data collection, analysis, benchmarking, and reporting), resulting in similar challenges to be faced with similar decisions to be made. Suggestions are provided with respect to the different components and important aspects of various data types and methods are discussed. This overview should provide support for establishing or working with such a system and could lead to a better implementation of stewardship actions and a more uniform communication about and understanding of AMU data at farm-level. Harmonization of methods and processes could lead to an improved comparability of outcomes and less confusion when interpreting results across systems. However, it is important to note that the development of systems also depends on specific local needs, resources and aims.
The Structure of the Broad Line Region in AGN: I. Reconstructed Velocity-Delay Maps
Creators: name: Grier, C. J.
name: Peterson, B. M.
name: Horne, Keith
name: Bentz, M. C.
name: Pogge, R. W.
name: Denney, K. D.
name: De Rosa, G.
name: Martini, Paul
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Zu, Y.
name: Shappee, B.
name: Siverd, R.
name: Beatty, T. G.
name: Sergeev, S. G.
name: Kaspi, S.
name: Salvo, C. Araya
name: Bird, J. C.
name: Bord, D. J.
name: Borman, G. A.
name: Che, X.
name: Chen, C.
name: Cohen, S. A.
name: Dietrich, M.
name: Doroshenko, V. T.
name: Efimov, Yu. S.
name: Free, N.
name: Ginsburg, I.
name: Henderson, C. B.
name: King, A. L.
name: Mogren, K.
name: Molina, M.
name: Mosquera, A. M.
name: Nazarov, S. V.
name: Okhmat, D. N.
name: Pejcha, O.
name: Rafter, S.
name: Shields, J. C.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Szczygiel, D. M.
name: Valluri, M.
name: van Saders, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present velocity-resolved reverberation results for five active galactic nuclei. We recovered velocity-delay maps using the maximum-entropy method for four objects: Mrk 335, Mrk 1501, 3C120, and PG2130+099. For the fifth, Mrk 6, we were only able to measure mean time delays in different velocity bins of the Hbeta emission line. The four velocity-delay maps show unique dynamical signatures for each object. For 3C120, the Balmer lines show kinematic signatures consistent with both an inclined disk and infalling gas, but the HeII 4686 emission line is suggestive only of inflow. The Balmer lines in Mrk 335, Mrk 1501, and PG 2130+099 show signs of infalling gas, but the HeII emission in Mrk 335 is consistent with an inclined disk. We also see tentative evidence of combined virial motion and infalling gas from the velocity-binned analysis of Mrk 6. The maps for 3C120 and Mrk 335 are two of the most clearly defined velocity-delay maps to date. These maps constitute a large increase in the number of objects for which we have resolved velocity-delay maps and provide evidence supporting the reliability of reverberation-based black hole mass measurements.
description: 23 pages, 17 Figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ. For a brief video explaining the key results of this paper, see http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8xAflzp-YlI
Correction: Performance of risk prediction scores for cardiovascular mortality in older persons: External validation of the SCORE OP and appraisal
Creators: name: Piccininni, Marco
name: Rohmann, Jessica Lee
name: Huscher, Dörte
name: Mielke, Nina
name: Ebert, Natalie
name: Logroscino, Giancarlo
name: Schäffner, Elke
name: Kurth, Tobias
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cardiovascular Diseases
subject: Kaplan-Meier Estimate
subject: Reproducibility of Results
subject: Risk Assessment
subject: Risk Factors
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: [This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0231097.]
A ALMA HONESTA
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 04 – n. 02/2016
A época em que vivemos impõe reflexões nunca antes feitas na história deste país.
Há conceitos que estão a merecer maior ponderação para que possam ser compreendidos. Não falo de definição.
Nuntiaturberichte aus Deutschland 1572–1585 nebst ergänzenden Aktenstücken. 8. Band: Nuntiatur Giovanni Dolfins (1575–1576). Im Auftrage des Deutschen Historischen Instituts in Rom bearb. von D. Neri, 1997
Creators: name: Tallon, A.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 2 (1999)
ELES COSPEM
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 04 – n. 04/2016Alguns cospem porque não conseguem conviver com a verdade.Outros cospem porque já não conseguem exprimir ideias e exalam seu ódio. Há os que cospem para amenizar a dor.
Ultrafast terahertz magnetometry
Creators: name: Zhang, Wentao
name: Maldonado, Pablo
name: Jin, Zuanming
name: Seifert, Tom S.
name: Arabski, Jacek
name: Schmerber, Guy
name: Beaurepaire, Eric
name: Bonn, Mischa
name: Kampfrath, Tobias
name: Oppeneer, Peter M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: magnetization
subject: transport
subject: emission
subject: dynamics
subject: stress
subject: metals
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: A material's magnetic state and its dynamics are of great fundamental research interest and are also at the core of a wide plethora of modern technologies. However, reliable access to magnetization dynamics in materials and devices on the technologically relevant ultrafast timescale, and under realistic device-operation conditions, remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate a method of ultrafast terahertz (THz) magnetometry, which gives direct access to the (sub-)picosecond magnetization dynamics even in encapsulated materials or devices in a contact-free fashion, in a fully calibrated manner, and under ambient conditions. As a showcase for this powerful method, we measure the ultrafast magnetization dynamics in a laser-excited encapsulated iron film. Our measurements reveal and disentangle distinct contributions originating from (i) incoherent hot-magnon-driven magnetization quenching and (ii) coherent acoustically-driven modulation of the exchange interaction in iron, paving the way to technologies utilizing ultrafast heat-free control of magnetism. High sensitivity and relative ease of experimental arrangement highlight the promise of ultrafast THz magnetometry for both fundamental studies and the technological applications of magnetism.
Application of chaos indicators in the study of dynamics of S-type extrasolar planets in stellar binaries
Creators: name: Satyal, S.
name: Quarles, B.
name: Hinse, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbits of two individual planets in two known binary star systems, γCephei and HD 196885 are numerically integrated using various numerical techniques to assess the chaotic or quasi-periodic nature of the dynamical system considered. The Hill stability (HS) function which measures the orbital perturbation of a planet around the primary star due to the secondary star is calculated for each system. The maximum Lyapunov exponent (MLE) time series are generated to measure the divergence/convergence rate of stable manifolds, which are used to differentiate between chaotic and non-chaotic orbits. Then, we calculate dynamical Mean Exponential Growth factor of Nearby Orbits (MEGNO) maps from solving the variational equations along with the equations of motion. These maps allow us to accurately differentiate between stable and unstable dynamical systems. The results obtained from the analysis of HS, MLE, and MEGNO maps are analysed for their dynamical variations and resemblance. The HS test for the planets shows stability and quasi-periodicity for at least ten million years. The MLE and the MEGNO maps have also indicated the local quasi-periodicity and global stability in a relatively short integration period. The orbital stability of the systems is tested using each indicator for various values of planet inclinations (i_{pl} \le 25^\circ) and binary eccentricities. The reliability of HS criterion is also discussed based on its stability results compared with the MLE and MEGNO maps.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
In science "there is no bad publicity": Papers criticized in comments have high scientific impact
Creators: name: Radicchi, Filippo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Comments are special types of publications whose aim is to correct or criticize previously published papers. For this reason, comments are believed to make commented papers less worthy or trusty to the eyes of the scientific community, and thus predestined to have low scientific impact. Here, we show that such belief is not supported by empirical evidence. We consider thirteen major publication outlets in science, and perform systematic comparisons between the citations accumulated by commented and non commented articles. We find that (i) commented papers are, on average, much more cited than non commented papers, and (ii) commented papers are more likely to be among the most cited papers of a journal. Since comments are published soon after criticized papers, comments should be viewed as early indicators of the future impact of criticized papers.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures + supplementary information
Impact of a global leader on pharmaceutical practice and policy around the world
Creators: name: Alves Da Costa, F.
name: Henman, M.
name: Hughes, C.
name: Leufkens, H.
name: Babar, Z.
name: McElnay, J.
name: Schulz, M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pharmaceutical care
subject: Medication review
subject: Clinical pharmacy
subject: Europe
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: This commentary describes the contributions of a Dutch pharmacist who contributed in a unique manner to the development of community pharmacy practice in Europe, to the evolution of practice-based research and to its publication. With an interest in pharmaceutical care and in clinical pharmacy, Dr. van Mil changed practice and policy in Europe over the last decades in a very visible way, here documented through a summary of some of his main written contributions. We write this to honour his memory and contribute to the preservation of his legacy.
Statistical Kinetics of Phase-Transforming Nanoparticles in LiFePO4 Porous Electrodes
Creators: name: Bai, Peng
name: Tian, Guangyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a simple mathematical model, we demonstrate that statistical kinetics of phase-transforming nanoparticles in porous electrodes results in macroscopic non-monotonic transient currents, which could be misinterpreted as the nucleation and growth mechanism by the Kolmogorov-Johnson-Mehl-Avrami (KJMA) theory. Our model decouples the roles of nucleation and surface reaction in the electrochemically driven phase-transformation process by a special activation rate and the mean particle-filling speed of active nanoparticles, which can be extracted from the responses of porous electrodes to identify the dynamics in single composing nanoparticles.
description: Accepted by Electrochimica Acta
On Rationally Ergodic and Rationally Weakly Mixing Rank-One Transformations
Creators: name: Dai, Irving
name: Garcia, Xavier
name: Pădurariu, Tudor
name: Silva, Cesar E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A40 (Primary) 37A05 (Secondary)

description: We study the notions of weak rational ergodicity and rational weak mixing as defined by Jon Aaronson. We prove that various families of infinite measure-preserving rank-one transformations possess (or do not posses) these properties, and consider their relation to other notions of mixing in infinite measure.
description: Some typos corrected, a reference added, arguments expanded
MPEC 2023-W96 : 2023 WE2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 WE2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Reconstructing Long Term High Andean Forest Dynamics Using Historical Aerial Imagery: A Case Study in Colombia
Creators: name: Calbi, Mariasole
name: Clerici, Nicola
name: Borsch, Thomas
name: Brokamp, Grischa
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: aerial pictures
subject: land cover change
subject: habitat fragmentation
subject: forest recovery
subject: high Andean forests
subject: morphological spatial pattern analysis
subject: Bogota
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)::580 Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: High Andean forests are biodiversity hotspots that also play key roles in the provisioning of vital ecosystem services for neighboring cities. In past centuries, the hinterland of Andean fast-growing cities often experienced a dramatic decline in forested areas, but there are reports that forest cover has been recovering recently. We analyzed aerial imagery spanning the years 1940 to 2007 from nine administrative localities in the Eastern Andean Cordillera of Colombia in order to elucidate precise patterns of forest vegetation change. To this aim, we performed image object-based classification by means of texture analysis and image segmentation. We then derived connectivity metrics to investigate whether forest cover trajectories showed an increase or decrease in fragmentation and landscape degradation. We observed a forest cover recovery in all the examined localities, except one. In general, forest recovery was accompanied by an increase in core habitat areas. The time scale of the positive trends identified partially coincides with the creation of protected areas in the region, which very likely furthered the recovery of forest patches. This study unveils the long-term dynamics of peri-urban high Andean forest cover, providing valuable information on historical vegetation changes in a highly dynamic landscape.
Quantification of glyphosate and aminomethylphosphonic acid from microbiome reactor fluids
Creators: name: Fritz-Wallace, Katarina
name: Engelmann, Beatrice
name: Krause, Jannike L.
name: Schäpe, Stephanie S.
name: Pöppe, Judith
name: Herberth, Gunda
name: Rösler, Uwe
name: Jehmlich, Nico
name: Bergen, Martin
name: Rolle-Kampczyk, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: mass-spectrometry
subject: liquid-chromatography
subject: residues
subject: glufosinate
subject: water
subject: mode
subject: fermentation
subject: degradation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Rationale: Glyphosate is one of the most widely used herbicides and it is suspected to affect the intestinal microbiota through inhibition of aromatic amino acid synthesis via the shikimate pathway.In vitromicrobiome bioreactors are increasingly used as model systems to investigate effects on intestinal microbiota and consequently methods for the quantitation of glyphosate and its degradation product aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA) in microbiome model systems are required. Methods: An optimized protocol enables the analysis of both glyphosate and AMPA by simple extraction with methanol:acetonitrile:water (2:3:1) without further enrichment steps. Glyphosate and AMPA are separated by liquid chromatography on an amide column and identified and quantified with a targeted tandem mass spectrometry method using a QTRAP 5500 system (AB Sciex). Results: Our method has a limit of detection (LOD) in extracted water samples of <2 ng/mL for both glyphosate and AMPA. In complex intestinal medium, the LOD is 2 and 5 ng/mL for glyphosate and AMPA, respectively. These LODs allow for measurement at exposure-relevant concentrations. Glyphosate levels in a bioreactor model of porcine colon were determined and consequently it was verified whether AMPA was produced by porcine gut microbiota. Conclusions: The method presented here allows quantitation of glyphosate and AMPA in complex bioreactor fluids and thus enables studies of the impact of glyphosate and its metabolism on intestinal microbiota. In addition, the extraction protocol is compatible with an untargeted metabolomics analysis, thus allowing one to look for other perturbations caused by glyphosate in the same sample.
Nanoscale roughness and morphology affect the IsoElectric Point of titania surfaces
Creators: name: Borghi, F.
name: Vyas, V.
name: Podestà, A.
name: Milani, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the systematic investigation of the role of surface nanoscale roughness and morphology on the charging behaviour of nanostructured titania (TiO2) surfaces in aqueous solutions. IsoElectric Points (IEPs) of surfaces have been characterized by direct measurement of the electrostatic double layer interactions between titania surfaces and the micrometer-sized spherical silica probe of an atomic force microscope in NaCl aqueous electrolyte. The use of a colloidal probe provides well-defined interaction geometry and allows effectively probing the overall effect of nanoscale morphology. By using supersonic cluster beam deposition to fabricate nanostructured titania films, we achieved a quantitative control over the surface morphological parameters. We performed a systematical exploration of the electrical double layer properties in different interaction regimes characterized by different ratios of characteristic nanometric lengths of the system: the surface rms roughness Rq, the correlation length ξ and the Debye length λD. We observed a remarkable reduction by several pH units of IEP on rough nanostructured surfaces, with respect to flat crystalline rutile TiO2. In order to explain the observed behavior of IEP, we consider the roughness-induced self-overlap of the electrical double layers as a potential source of deviation from the trend expected for flat surfaces.
description: 63 pages, including 7 figures and Supporting Information
EMOTIONS:  SER E ESTAR
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 04 – n. 09/2016
Costumo afirmar aos meus alunos de Direito Constitucional que não existe norma infensa à interpretação. E conto quase sempre a mesma estorinha.
Um pai, rico fazendeiro, manda o filho para a capital para que estudo. Passam-se muitos anos e ele recebe um telegrama com o seguinte teor:
Atomic scale structure and its impact on the band gap energy for Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se(4)kesterite alloys
Creators: name: Ritter, Konrad
name: Eckner, Stefanie
name: Preiss, Cora
name: Gurieva, Galina
name: Bischoff, Thomas
name: Welter, Edmund
name: Botti, Silvana
name: Schorr, Susan
name: Schnohr, Claudia S.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: EXAFS
subject: kesterite
subject: anion position
subject: hybrid functional
subject: alloying
subject: band gap energy
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Kesterite based materials gain more and more relevance in the pursuit of affordable, efficient and flexible absorber materials for thin film photovoltaics. Alloying Cu(2)ZnSnSe(4)with Ge could allow controlled band gap engineering as already established for Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)(2)based solar cells. This study investigates the local atomic arrangements of Cu2Zn(Sn,Ge)Se(4)alloys by means of low temperature Extended x-ray Absorbtion Fine Structure Spectroscopy. The element specific bond lengths are used together with x-ray diffraction data to derive the anion positions of the different local configurations.Ab initiotheoretical calculations are performed to predict the influence of structural parameters such as anion position and lattice constants on the band gap energy. Combining the results of the experimental and theoretical studies suggests that the overall influence of the structural changes on the band gap bowing due to alloying is significant yet smaller than the total non-linear change of the band gap energy. Consequently, it is concluded, that band gap bowing stems from both structural and electronic changes.
Integration of Darriwilian (Middle Ordovician) delta C-13(org) chemostratigraphy with graptolite biostratigraphy in the classical Rostanga area in northwestern Scania (southern Sweden)
Creators: name: Bergström, Stig M.
name: Ahlberg, Per
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Lundberg, Frans
name: Joachimski, Michael M.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: outer shelf
subject: black shale
subject: Ordovician
subject: regional correlation
subject: chemostratigraphy
subject: phosphorite
subject: Baltoscandia
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: The largely covered Middle Ordovician succession in the classic geological Rostanga area in northwestern Scania has not been studied for some 80 years. A new drill core through a succession ranging from the lower-middle Darriwilian to the lower Sandbian has provided a unique opportunity to investigate the graptolite biostratigraphy and the delta C-13(org) chemostratigraphy, and clarify their stratigraphic relations, through this similar to 90 m thick interval, which is developed within a black shale facies. The lithology, biostratigraphy and chemostratigraphy are closely similar to those of the coeval strata in the FAgelsAng area, south-central Scania, including the presence of the Fagelsang Phosphorite. which was previously unrecorded in the Rostanga area. The new data are particularly important in providing evidence of the relations between graptolite biostratigraphy and delta C-13(org) chemostratigraphy. The Fagelsang-3 and Rostanga-2 drill core successions are currently the only Darriwilian sequences in the world where these relations have been well established.
Co-occurrence of the bla(VIM-1) and bla(SHV-12) genes on an IncHI2 plasmid of an Escherichia coli isolate recovered from German livestock
Creators: name: Pauly, N.
name: Hammerl, J. A.
name: Schwarz, Stefan
name: Grobbel, M.
name: Meemken, Diana
name: Malorny, B.
name: Tenhagen, B.-A.
name: Käsbohrer, A.
name: Irrgang, A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: VIM-1
subject: SHV-12
subject: genes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: The dissemination of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) is an important public health issue. The number of human CPE isolates has been steadily increasing during recent years, worldwide. Despite the fact that carbapenems are not licensed for use in veterinary medicine, increasing numbers of CPE from the veterinary sector have been reported. The transmission of CPE between pets/livestock and exposed humans as well as via food has been demonstrated. In this study, a detailed characterization of a carbapenem-resistant porcine Escherichia coli co-harbouring blaVIM-1, blaSHV-12 and blaACC-1 genes, along with other resistance genes, is provided.
Experimental characterization of railgun-driven supersonic plasma jets motivated by high energy density physics applications
Creators: name: Hsu, S. C.
name: Merritt, E. C.
name: Moser, A. L.
name: Awe, T. J.
name: Brockington, S. J. E.
name: Davis, J. S.
name: Adams, C. S.
name: Case, A.
name: Cassibry, J. T.
name: Dunn, J. P.
name: Gilmore, M. A.
name: Lynn, A. G.
name: Messer, S. J.
name: Witherspoon, F. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental results on the parameters, structure, and evolution of high-Mach-number (M) argon plasma jets formed and launched by a pulsed-power-driven railgun. The nominal initial average jet parameters in the data set analyzed are density \approx 2 x 10^(16) cm^(-3), electron temperature \approx 1.4 eV, velocity \approx 30 km/s, M \approx 14, ionization fraction \approx 0.96, diameter \approx 5 cm, and length \approx 20 cm. These values approach the range needed by the Plasma Liner Experiment (PLX), which is designed to use merging plasma jets to form imploding spherical plasma liners that can reach peak pressures of 0.1-1 Mbar at stagnation. As these jets propagate a distance of approximately 40 cm, the average density drops by one order of magnitude, which is at the very low end of the 8-160 times drop predicted by ideal hydrodynamic theory of a constant-M jet.
description: 35 pages, 2 tables, 14 figures, accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas (12/11/2012)
W. A. Eckhardt, H. Klingelhöfer (Hg.), Bauernleben im Zeitlater des Dreißigjährigen Krieges. Die Stausebacher Chronik des Caspar Preis 1636–1667. Mit einer Einführung von G. Menk, 1998
Creators: name: Boehler, Jean-Michel
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 2 (2000)
Quantum Simulations of Relativistic Quantum Physics in Circuit QED
Creators: name: Pedernales, J. S.
name: Di Candia, R.
name: Ballester, D.
name: Solano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for simulating relativistic quantum physics in circuit quantum electrodynamics. By using three classical microwave drives, we show that a superconducting qubit strongly-coupled to a resonator field mode can be used to simulate the dynamics of the Dirac equation and Klein paradox in all regimes. Using the same setup we also propose the implementation of the Foldy-Wouthuysen canonical transformation, after which the time derivative of the position operator becomes a constant of the motion.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Refined families of Dothideomycetes: Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae
Creators: name: Hongsanan, S.
name: Hyde, K. D.
name: Phookamsak, R.
name: Wanasinghe, D. N.
name: McKenzie, E. H. C.
name: Sarma, V. V.
name: Boonmee, S.
name: Lücking, R.
name: Bhat, D. J.
name: Liu, N. G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 6 new taxa
subject: Capnodiales
subject: Dothideales
subject: Gloniales
subject: Hysteriales
subject: Myriangiales
subject: Mytilinidiales
subject: new family
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::579 Mikroorganismen, Pilze, Algen

description: The class Dothideomycetes is the largest and most ecologically diverse class of fungi, comprising endophytes, epiphytes, saprobes, human and plant pathogens, lichens, and lichenicolous, nematode trapping and rock-inhabiting taxa. Members of this class are mainly characterized by bitunicate asci with fissitunicate dehiscence, and occur on broad range of hosts in aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Since the last monograph of families of Dothideomycetes in 2013, numerous novel species, genera, families and orders have been discovered. This has expanded information which has led to the modern classification in Dothideomycetes. In this paper, we provide a refined updated document on families of Dothideomycetes with emphasis on Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. We accept three orders with 25 families and four orders with 94 families in Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae, respectively. The new family Paralophiostomataceae is introduced in Pleosporales. Each family is provided with an updated description, notes, including figures to represent the morphology, list of accepted genera, and economic and ecological significances. We also provide an overall phylogenetic tree of families in Dothideomycetes based on combined analysis of LSU, SSU, rpb-2 and tefl sequence data, and phylogenetic trees for each order in Dothideomycetidae and Pleosporomycetidae. Family-level trees are provided for the families which include several genera such as Mycosphaerellaceae and Teratosphaeriaceae. Two new genera (Ligninsphaeriopsis and Paralophiostoma) are introduced. Five new species (Biatrisopora borsei, Comoclathris galatellae, Ligninsphaeriopsis thailandica, Paralophiostoma hysterioides and Torula thailandica) are introduced based on morphology and phylogeny, together with nine new reports and seven new collections from different families.
Dynamical freeze-out in event-by-event hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Holopainen, Hannu
name: Huovinen, Pasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In hydrodynamical modeling of the ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions the freeze-out is typically performed at a constant temperature or density. In this work we apply a dynamical freeze-out criterion, which compares the hydrodynamical expansion rate with the pion scattering rate. Recently many calculations have been done using event-by-event hydrodynamics where the initial density profile fluctuates from event to event. In these event-by-event calculations the expansion rate fluctuates strongly as well, and thus it is interesting to check how the dynamical freeze-out changes hadron distributions with respect to the constant temperature freeze-out. We present hadron spectra and elliptic flow calculated using (2+1)-dimensional ideal hydrodynamics, and show the differences between constant temperature and dynamical freeze-out criteria. We find that the differences caused by different freeze-out criteria are small in all studied cases.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures, to be published in the proceedings of the 28th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics, Puerto Rico, April 7-14, 2012