cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Use of virtual reality to support nuclear decommissioning
Creators: name: Nash, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: The use of VR has seen significant developments in recent years. The use of VR simulation tools offers new opportunities to develop, assess and train for decommissioning activities. Training for the decommissioning of nuclear reactors and facilities represent challenges that are unique to the nuclear industry. The protection of individuals from the hazardous effects of ionising radiation requires that mechanical assemblies are dismantled through the use of remote handling tooling. In this thesis, the use of simulation and VR to support the training of staff in the use of remote handling tools was studied. The decommissioning of the Consort research reactor provides a real-world example of a decommissioning project. Two simulators were created that were used to examine the development of remote handling skills using VR. The first simulator was used to explore the development of skills using remote handling tongs. This was in support of the cropping of the Consort reactor control rods. The second simulator was created to explore the development of skills using MSM. This was in support of the dismantling of the Consort reactor core assembly. The results from this research show that using VR; it is possible to develop skills using remote handling tools. The research further shows that the skills developed are transferable between the real and virtual worlds. The research also shows that VR can be a powerful tool for the development of processes. Improved processes lead to reduced costs, improvements to safety and lower the required level of skill for performing remote handling tasks.
Targeting tumor metastases: drug delivery mechanisms and technologies
Creators: name: Ganapathy, Vidya
name: Moghe, Prabhas V.
name: Roth, Charles M.
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: Cancer stem cell
Intravasation
Extravasation
Targeted delivery
Metastasis

description: Primary sites of tumor are the focal triggers of cancers, yet it is the subsequent metastasis events that cause the majority of the morbidity and mortality. Metastatic tumor cells exhibit a phenotype that differs from that of the parent cells, as they represent a resistant, invasive subpopulation of the original tumor, may have acquired additional genetic or epigenetic alterations under exposure to prior chemotherapeutic or radiotherapeutic treatments, and reside in a microenvironment differing from that of its origin. This combination of resistant phenotype and distal location make tracking and treating metastases particularly challenging. In this review, we highlight some of the unique biological traits of metastasis, which in turn, inspire emerging strategies for targeted imaging of metastasized tumors and metastasis-directed delivery of therapeutics.
Network representation matrices and their eigenproperties: a comparative study
Creators: name: Lutzeyer, Johannes
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Typically, network structures are represented by one of three different representation matrices: the adjacency matrix, the unnormalised and the normalised graph Laplacian matrices. We review their spectral (eigenvalue) and eigenvector properties and recall several relations to graph theoretic quantities. We compare the representation spectra pairwise by applying an affine transformation to one of them, which enables comparison whilst preserving certain key properties such as normalised eigengaps. Bounds are given on the eigenvalue and normalised eigengap differences thus found, which depend on the minimum and maximum degree of the graph. It is found that if the degree extreme difference is large, different choices of representation matrix may give rise to disparate inference drawn from network analysis; smaller degree extreme differences result in consistent inference, whatever the choice of representation matrix. In order to compare the representation matrix eigenvectors, we extend the applicability and tighten the Davis--Kahan theorem by making use of polynomial matrix transformations. Our extended version of the Davis--Kahan theorem enables the comparison of the spaces spanned by sets of eigenvectors of any two symmetric matrices, such as the representation matrices. We then discuss how globally optimal bound values of this extended theorem can be computed in practice for affine transformations using fractional programming theory. We make use of our implementation of the extended Davis--Kahan theorem to compare the spaces spanned by the eigenvectors of the different graph representation matrices for a range of different stochastic blockmodel graphs and of covariance matrices in a spiked covariance model.
Interest in the Learning of Mobile Touch Screen Technologies by Older Adults
Creators: name: Beh, Jeanie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: There are many misconceptions by the wider public about older adults' capabilities and aspirations, especially their attitudes towards technology. Due to an absence of an interest framework for older adults to learn technologies, this research investigates the role that pre-existing interests and hobbies play in older adults' adoption of technology. The results show that when older adults are taught according to requests based on their pre-existing interests and hobbies, it encourages long-term adoption of technology and builds up their confidence in usages of touch screen technology. Consequently, improving older adults' well-being and quality of life.
The interaction of fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity with 17β-estradiol on the expression of KNDy neuropeptides and their receptors in the female mouse
Creators: name: Yang, Jennifer A.
name: Yasrebi, Ali
name: Snyder, Marisa
name: Roepke, Troy A.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Caloric restriction
Diet-induced obesity
Arcuate nucleus
KNDy neurons
Ghrelin

description: Arcuate neurons that coexpress kisspeptin (Kiss1), neurokinin B (Tac2), and dynorphin (Pdyn) mediate negative feedback of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the HPG axis. Previous studies report that fasting and caloric restriction reduce arcuate Kiss1 expression. The objective of this study was to determine the interactions of E2 with fasting, caloric restriction, and diet-induced obesity on KNDy gene and receptor expression. Ovariectomized female mice were separated into control and estradiol benzoate (E2B)-treated groups. E2B decreased Kiss1 and the tachykinin 2 receptor, Tac3r, in ARC tissue and Tac2 in Tac2 neurons. Diet-induced obesity decreased Kiss1 in oil-treated animals and the kisspeptin receptor, Kiss1r and Tac3r in the ARC of E2B-treated animals. Chronic caloric (30%) restriction reduced all three neuropeptides in oil-treated females and Kiss1r by E2B in CR animals. Taken together, our experiments suggest that steroidal environment and energy state negatively regulate KNDy gene expression in both ARC and Tac2 neurons.
Engineering standardised and modular biological controllers for efficient design and easy implementation in synthetic genetic circuits
Creators: name: Dwijayanti, Ari
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Synthetic biology has the vision to re-design biology in an easier, faster, more robust, efficient, and reliable fashion by applying engineering principles to living systems. To this end, a modular design approach enables rapid prototyping and manufacturing of various synthetic genetic circuit libraries. This transformative approach needs expansion of interchangeable, standardised, and well-characterised genetic components required for composing higherlevel functional circuits. Additionally, compatibility of biological parts into modular design assemblies is highly desirable to streamline fabrication of synthetic genetic circuits. This project is focused on the in vivo characterisation, standardisation, modularisation, and implementation of a set of biomolecular regulators in Escherichia coli, specifically at the transcriptional level through the standardised promoter architecture and the posttranscriptional level via modular Artificial RNA interference (mARi). These regulatory systems were rationally developed within a modular design and DNA assembly framework to facilitate their easy adoption and implementation. The regulatory properties of both controllers were further characterised towards a range of typical genetic and cellular contexts that are important for diverse applications. Additionally, extensibility and orthogonality of these controllers allow for multiplexed and simultaneous regulation of multi-gene systems with alternative configurations. As a demonstration, a standardised inducible promoter was employed to express stress-inducing recombinant proteins. Furthermore, the production of these proteins was improved up to 5-fold by the use of an adaptive and dynamic negative feedback system, which is governed by mARi and driven by the host-stress response. Ultimately, this improvement was robustly maintained in different tested perturbations. Owing to its modularity, this feedback system could potentially improve the production of any recombinant protein of interest without specifically tuning the system or requiring strain modification. Collectively, the genetic regulatory platforms presented in this project greatly provide valuable resources for developing the next-generation of engineered biological circuits.
IP multicast extensions for mobile internetworking
Creators: name: Badrinath, B. R.
name: Acharya, Arup
name: Bakre, Ajay
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 1995

description: This paper deals with multicasting in an internetwork with mobile hosts, particularly with regard to Mobile-IP and Distance Vector Multicast Routing (DVMRP) protocols. When the source of a multicast datagram is a mobile host (MH), the datagram may not reach all group members to which the datagram is addressed, including other mobile hosts. When the source is a static host and the multicast group includes mobile hosts, a mobile group member may receive datagrams in one cell but not in another. Further, when a MH enters a cell which contains no other member of the same group, the MH will experience a delay before it starts receiving datagrams addressed to that group. Mobility between campuses, which result in a MH acquiring an additional unicast address, also has an effect on multicast routing. We propose enhancements to DVMRP executed at the Mobility Support Routers (MSR) that ensure correct forwarding of multicast datagrams to and from mobile hosts. Our solutions do not require any change at hosts and routers unaware of mobility, i.e. the modifications are limited to MSRs and MHs. We also describe an implementation incorporating a subset of our proposals. Lastly, we show that alternate styles of multicasting or mobile networking, viz. link-state (MOSPF ) and IETF proposal, will face similar problems and our proposed solutions are still valid in their context.
The targum (1922:Sept. 19 - 1922:Sept. 26)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1922

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
title: Combinatorial algorithms in semigroups
Creators: name: Smith, Finlay Laughlan
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02wn5qz54
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: Computational semigroup theory is concerned with developing and implementing algorithms for determining properties of semigroups. The problems in computational semigroup theory can often be divided into sub-problems in computational group theory and combinatorics. In this thesis, we demonstrate how to split a number of problems into group-theoretical and combinatorial sub-problems, and provide algorithms for solving the combinatorial sub-problems. The algorithms presented in this thesis have been implemented in C++ and GAP, and benchmarks are provided to show them practical. In Chapter 1, we introduce the necessary background in semigroup theory. In Chapter 2, we introduce a new algorithm for non-exhaustively determining the structure of a semigroup defined by generators, and show that it applies to certain families of matrices over semirings as well as a number of standard and well-known families to which previous algorithms apply. In Chapter 3 we describe and compute minimal generating sets for several naturally occurring monoids of boolean matrices, in particular the full boolean matrix monoid, Hall monoid, reflexive boolean matrix monoid, and upper and lower triangular boolean matrix monoids. These results extend the dimensions for which the ranks of these monoids are known. We also determine the rank of the 2 × 2 matrices over the max-plus and min-plus semirings with and without threshold, as well as the n × n matrices over Z/kZ relative to their group of units. Chapter 4 contains new algorithms for determining the translations and bitranslations of arbitrary finite semigroups. We also provide specialised algorithms for computing translations and bitranslations of semigroups defined by finite presentations, completely 0-simple semigroups, congruence-free semigroups, and completely-simple semigroups. Finally, Chapter 4 contains some further questions raised by the work in this thesis.
Matching and recognition of shapes using chord-based point density graphs
Creators: name: Metaxas, Dimitris
name: Huang, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2002

description: We present a novel approach to matching and recognition of 2D shapes, which uses a chord-based shape representation and matches shapes by finding correspondences between chords. Given a 2D shape, we choose its basis chord such that both end points of the chord have high probability of being present under occlusion. Then the shape is transformed and represented in an internal reference frame uniquely defined by the basis chord. In this chord-based reference frame, we capture the coordinate distribution of all shape points using a point density graph. When a second shape is being matched against the first shape, we pursue a chord on the second shape based on which the second shape’s point density graph is the closest to that of the first shape. To avoid exhaustive search of all chords on the second shape, we use the Chord Length Distributions of the two shapes to prune a dominant portion of the search space. The distance between two point density graphs is measured using a symmetrized Kullback-Leibler divergence. Then when the correspondence between a pair of chords is established, a unique similarity transform is determined to match the two shapes so that the corresponding chords are aligned. Finally, we employ a hierarchical approach to extend our method to include Affine transformations. Matching and Recognition results from the Brown SIID project shapes, the MNIST dataset of handwritten digits, and the SQUID fish database, demonstrate our algorithm’s performance, its invariance properties and its robustness to occlusion, articulation, missing gaps, and spurious structures on shapes.
Materialism and immorality: more urban than rural?
Creators: name: Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2022
Subjects: urbanism
urbanness
cities
urban-rural
deviance
morality
greed
money
love of money (LOM)
Corruption

description: Metropolitan areas tend to be materialistic/consumerist, and materialism/consumerism is usually considered immoral. Some literature argues that in cities, in general, there is more vice and immorality. In this study, we explore empirically the relationship between urbanness and materialism/immorality using 1972-2018 US General Social Survey. We find much support for a hypothesis that urbanness is associated with higher materialism and immorality. Seven out of eight measures show some evidence of more materialism/immorality in large cities, and four measures remain significant even in the most oversaturated models. Yet, we caution, as it is one of the first quantitative studies in the area, the evidence is provisional. While there is much theory, more empirical quantitative research is needed. The study is associative, not causal, and results may not generalize outside of the US.
Individual project on theme "Nemoura L." (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Ostroukhova Svetlana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Остроуховой Светланы по теме "Nemoura L." в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
title: Military Intervention on Request in Jus Ad Bellum and Jus In Bello and the question of recognition of governments
Creators: name: Redealli, Chiara
Publisher: name: Institute for International and European Law, University of Göttingen
Year: 2022

description: Goettingen Journal of International Law ; Vol. 12, no. 1, page 105-143
description: Over the past decades, foreign interventions in internal conflicts upon the request of host governments have turned into a common practice. These instances have proved to be particularly challenging both from a jus ad bellum and a jus in bello point of view. On the one hand, it is often unclear whether the intervention is lawful; on the other hand, the classification of these armed conflicts is equally problematic. In both cases, the key to answer these questions is the identification of the organ capable of speaking on behalf of the state: who is the government? Considering the pivotal relevance of the identification of the government both in jus ad bellum and jus in bello, it is crucial to determine the criteria for identifying the authority capable of issuing a valid invitation. This article seeks to clarify these criteria. Ultimately, it will demonstrate that jus ad bellum and jus in bello reach different conclusions on the matter and it will argue that this should not be the case.
title: Obese women’s barriers to mammography and Pap smear
title: the possible role of personality
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Friedman, Asia M.
name: Hemler, Jennifer R.
name: Rossetti, Elisa
name: Clemow, Lynn P.
name: Ferrante, Jeanne M.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2012
Subjects: barriers
cancer screening
mammography
Pap smear
personality
Obesity

description: Obese women are at increased risk of developing and dying from cancer, but are less likely than non-obese women to receive cancer screening examinations. Our qualitative study explores obese women’s barriers to Pap smears and mammograms in greater depth than previous research. We also seek to understand why some obese women undergo screening while others do not. A purposive sample of moderately to severely obese women over age 40 was recruited from community-based organizations, health clinics, and retail establishments. Semi-structured in-depth interviews (N=33) informed by the Theory of Care-Seeking Behavior and three prior focus groups of obese women (N=18) were recorded and transcribed. Qualitative analysis was iterative, using a grounded theory approach involving a series of immersion/crystallization cycles. Participants verified many barriers to cervical and breast cancer screening previously identified in the general population, including fear, modesty, competing demands, and low perceived risk. Participants also highlighted several weight-related barriers, including insensitive comments about weight, and equipment and gowns that could not accommodate them. Comparison of participants who were up-to-date with both Pap smears and mammograms with those not up-to-date with either screening showed no discernable differences in these barriers, however. Instead, we found that the participants who followed through on their cancer screenings may share certain personality traits, such as conscientiousness or self-regulatory ability, that allow them to complete difficult or feared tasks. Our research therefore suggests that personality may act as an important mediator in health behavior, and should be taken into account in future theoretical models and health behavior interventions, particularly for obese women.
A Heart Set on Living
Creators: name: Berlin, Ana
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2017
Subjects: Quality of life
Will to live
End-of-life care
Terminal care
Patient-centered decision-making
Patient-centered health care
Narrative reflection
Poetry and medicine
Literature and medicine

description: Quality of life is a highly subjective element on which to base health care decision-making. This narrative reflection after the death of a family member uses poetry as a prompt to explore themes related to quality of life—including symptom burden, interpersonal relationships in the face of illness, and the will to live. Through penetrating inquiry and reflection, physicians and other care providers can gain insight into the underlying motivations, loyalties, and abilities that lend meaning to patients’ lives and shape attitudes toward death and dying. By better recognizing and appreciating these factors, clinicians can develop patient-centered quality-of-life constructs that empower them to honor patient goals and preferences at the end of life. Physicians are encouraged to explore poetry and other artistic media to help foster the reflective capacity required to deeply understand and faithfully serve patients in this regard.
EFFECT OF ASSET GROWTH ON FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA
Creators: name: MMUOGBO, NNEOMA GERALDINE
name: ONMONYA LUCKY
name: EBIRE KOLAWOLE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Asset Growth, Current Asset Growth, Non-Current Asset Growth, Net Asset Growth, ROA, ROE.

description: Abstract

The strategic management of asset growth in firms enable companies to increase their revenue generation and reduce operation cost and ensure sustainable profit overtime. This study is to examine the effect of asset growth and financial performance of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. Fourteen consumer goods firms were selected from Nigeria Exchange Group, and secondary data was collected from the firms for a ten-year period (2013 – 2022). The data were analyzed using Descriptive analysis and Panel fixed effect Regression analysis. Non-current assets growth, current assets growth, net assets growth, and total asset growth were used as proxies for asset growth (independent variables), while return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE) were used as proxies for financial performance (dependent variable). The result shows that the non-current assets growth rate and current asset growth have a significant positive effect on the ROA and ROE of consumer goods firms in Nigeria. Findings also show that total asset growth has an insignificant effect on ROA and ROE. On the other hand, findings revealed that while net asset growth is insignificant to ROA, the outcome is significant and positive to ROE. Based the findings, the study recommends that consumer goods ought to adopt effective inventory management systems to sustain an optimal level of current assets, particularly in the consumer products sector where stock turnover is essential. By minimising surplus inventory and enhancing stock rotation, companies can liberate capital, decrease storage expenses, and augment liquidity, so positively influencing financial performance.
Misanthropolis: do cities promote misanthropy?
Creators: name: Okulicz-Kozaryn, Adam
name: Valente, Rubia R.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2024
Subjects: city
urbanism
trust
misanthropy
distrust
fairness
helpfulness

description: • Using the US General Social Survey (GSS, 1972-2016), we study the effect of urbanicity on mis-anthropy (distrust and dislike of humankind).
description: • Places with a population larger than several hundred thousand people versus places with a population smaller than a few thousand (but not the countryside) are more misanthropic.
description: • Misanthropy remained highest in the large cities until around 2005—in large cities (>250k) it declined over 2000-2010, and in small places (<10k) it increased steeply over 1990-2010.
description: Abstract: We use pooled US General Social Survey (GSS, 1972-2016) data to study the effect of urbanism on misanthropy (distrust and dislike of humankind). Evolution (small group living), homophily or ingroup preference, and classic urban sociological theory suggest that misanthropy should develop in the most dense and heterogeneous places, such as large cities. Our results mostly agree: misanthropy is highest in cities with a population larger than several hundred thousand people, and the effect size of urbanicity is about half of that of income. Yet, the rural advantage is disappearing—from 1990 to 2010, misanthropy has increased fastest in the smallest places (< 10k). One possible reason is that smaller places have been left behind, and rural resentment has increased. This is only the second quantitative study on the urbanicity-misanthropy nexus and more research is needed. Results may not be generalized outside of the US.
Electronic Supplementary Material from Macroevolutionary dynamics of climatic niche space
Creators: name: Quintero, Ignacio
name: Suchard, Marc A.
name: Jetz, Walter
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplemetary Information Electronic Supplementary Material includes supplementary methods and evolutionary rate comparison with other studies as well as Supplementary Figures S1-S7.
Exome sequencing links CEP120 mutation to maternally derived aneuploid conception risk
Creators: name: Tao, Xin
name: Schindler, Karen
name: Scott, Richard T.
name: Xing, Jinchuan
name: Tyc, Katarzyna M.
name: El Yakoubi, Warif
name: Bag, Aishee
name: Landis, Jessica
name: Zhan, Yiping
name: Treff, Nathan R.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Fertility
IVF
Aneuploidy
Exome sequencing
Centrosomal protein 120
Oocyte maturation
Chromosome segregation
Microtubule organizing centers
Spindle

description: Study question: What are the genetic factors that increase the risk of aneuploid egg production? Summary answer: A non-synonymous variant rs2303720 within centrosomal protein 120 (CEP120) disrupts female meiosis in vitro in mouse. What is known already: The production of aneuploid eggs, with an advanced maternal age as an established contributing factor, is the major cause of IVF failure, early miscarriage and developmental anomalies. The identity of maternal genetic variants contributing to egg aneuploidy irrespective of age is missing. Study design, size, duration: Patients undergoing fertility treatment (n = 166) were deidentified and selected for whole-exome sequencing. Participants/materials, setting, methods: Patients self-identified their ethnic groups and their ages ranged from 22 to 49 years old. The study was performed using genomes from White, non-Hispanic patients divided into controls (97) and cases (69) according to the number of aneuploid blastocysts derived during each IVF procedure. Following a gene prioritization strategy, a mouse oocyte system was used to validate the functional significance of the discovered associated genetic variants. Main results and the role of chance: Patients producing a high proportion of aneuploid blastocysts (considered aneuploid if they missed any of the 40 chromatids or had extra copies) were found to carry a higher mutational burden in genes functioning in cytoskeleton and microtubule pathways. Validation of the functional significance of a non-synonymous variant rs2303720 within Cep120 on mouse oocyte meiotic maturation revealed that ectopic expression of CEP120:p.Arg947His caused decreased spindle microtubule nucleation efficiency and increased incidence of aneuploidy. Limitations, reasons for caution: Functional validation was performed using the mouse oocyte system. Because spindle building pathways differ between mouse and human oocytes, the defects we observed upon ectopic expression of the Cep120 variant may alter mouse oocyte meiosis differently than human oocyte meiosis. Further studies using knock-in 'humanized' mouse models and in human oocytes will be needed to translate our findings to human system. Possible functional differences of the variant between ethnic groups also need to be investigated. Wider implications of the findings: Variants in centrosomal genes appear to be important contributors to the risk of maternal aneuploidy. Functional validation of these variants will eventually allow prescreening to select patients that have better chances to benefit from preimplantation genetic testing.
The Learnability of Optimality Theory: An Algorithm and Some Basic Complexity Results
Creators: name: Tesar, Bruce
name: Smolensky, Paul
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University, Department of Computer Science
Year: 1995
Subjects: Learnability
RCD algorithm
Recursive Constraint Demotion
Learning problem
Harmonic ordering
Grammar, Comparative and general--Word order

description: If Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1991, 1993) is correct, Universal Grammar provides a set of universal constraints which are highly general, inherently conflicting, and consequently rampantly violated in the surface forms of languages. A language’s grammar ranks the universal constraints in a dominance hierarchy, higher-ranked constraints taking absolute priority over lower-ranked constraints, so that violations of a constraint occur in well-formed structures when, and only when, they are necessary to prevent violation of higher-ranked constraints. Languages differ principally in how they rank the universal constraints in their language-specific dominance hierarchies. The surface forms of a given language are structural descriptions of inputs which are optimal in the following sense: they satisfy the universal constraints, or, when these constraints are brought into conflict by an input, they satisfy the highest-ranked constraints possible. This notion of optimality is partly language-specific, since the ranking of constraints is language-particular, and partly universal, since the constraints which evaluate well-formedness are (at least to a considerable extent) universal. In many respects, ranking of universal constraints in Optimality Theory plays a role analogous to parameter-setting in principles-and-parameters theory.
Software Design Issues in the Architecture and Implementation of Distributed Text Editors
Creators: name: Goldberg, Robert N.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 1982

description: This thesis analyzes the performance improvements achieved by distributing text editing software between a dedicated microprocessor and a timeshared host computer. Theoretical analysis of the problem coupled with detailed simulations of possible architectures, using data collected from over 15,000 actual editing sessions, provide strong evidence that simple, easily implemented schemes produce significant improvements of response time to user commands, communications bandwidth requirements, and host CPU utilization. Consisting of an editor server program running on a host and a local editor running on a microprocessor, a distributed editor would a) provide general, flexible editing capabilities that are functionally indistinguishable from those of conventional video editors, b) provide the same average response on 1200 baud communications lines as conventional editors running at 9600 baud, c) isolate the user from most delays due to host timesharing pauses and communications network slowdowns, and d) reduce considerably the number of program activations and CPU cycles at the host, making distributed video editors consume fewer host resources than conventional line editors. The implementation of a prototype distributed editor based on the conclusions of the study demonstrates the practicality of implementing the required software on existing, inexpensive microprocessors such as those found in conventional terminals.
The Snelgrove Boad II Additional Applications
Creators: name: Lehr, Sidney
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70203 Animal Management
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: Additional applications of the Snelgrove Board in honey bee colony swarm control/prevention and use of a double screened board in making vertical splits in early spring
Questionnaire on behavioral impacts on transportation from COVID-19
Creators: name: Noland, Robert B.
name: Iacobucci, Evan
name: Zhang, Wenwen
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID-19 Pandemic
Questionnaire

description: This questionnaire was fielded to a representative sample of New Jersey residents via an online Qualtrics panel. Data was collected between November 30, 2020, and February 25, 2021. All questions, and the associated skip patterns are shown in this document.
title: Crystal structure of pentamethylpyrylium triiodide, [(CH₃)₅C₅O][I₃]
Creators: name: Guo, S.
name: Hauptmann, R.
name: Beyer, C.
name: Kollmann, T.
name: Schneider, J. J.
Publisher: name: Oldenbourg Wissenschaftsverlag
Year: 2025

description: C₁0H₁₅I₃O, orthorhombic, Pnma (no. 62), a = 13.750(3) Å, b = 7.288(2) Å, c = 15.140(3) Å, V = 1517.2 Å³, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.031, wRref(F²) = 0.071, T = 150 K.
Atmospheric new particle formation at the research station Melpitz, Germany
Creators: name: Birmili, Wolfram
name: Größ, Johannes
name: Hamed, Amar
name: Sonntag, Andre
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: This paper revisits the atmospheric new particle formation (NPF) process in the polluted Central European troposphere, focusing on the connection with gas-phase precursors and meteorological parameters. Observations were made at the research station Melpitz (former East Germany) between 2008 and 2011 involving a neutral cluster and air ion spectrometer (NAIS). Particle formation events were classified by a new automated method based on the convolution integral of particle number concentration in the diameter interval 2Ń20?nm. To study the relevance of gaseous sulfuric acid as a precursor for nucleation, a proxy was derived on the basis of direct measurements during a 1-month campaign in May 2008. As a major result, the number concentration of freshly produced particles correlated significantly with the concentration of sulfur dioxide as the main precursor of sulfuric acid. The condensation sink, a factor potentially inhibiting NPF events, played a subordinate role only. The same held for experimentally determined ammonia concentrations. The analysis of meteorological parameters confirmed the absolute need for solar radiation to induce NPF events and demonstrated the presence of significant turbulence during those events. Due to its tight correlation with solar radiation, however, an independent effect of turbulence for NPF could not be established. Based on the diurnal evolution of aerosol, gas-phase, and meteorological parameters near the ground, we further conclude that the particle formation process is likely to start in elevated parts of the boundary layer rather than near ground level. Quelle: Verlagsinformation
title: Perceptions of Health Educators and Supervisors about their Preparation in Alexandria, Egypt (How Well They Believe their Training and Preparation Prepared Them to Work as Health Educators)
Creators: name: Ahmed, Elshaymaa
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Health
subject: Education
subject: Egypt
subject: Community
subject: Assessment Program Development
subject: Training
subject: Preparation
subject: Interview
subject: Health Educator
subject: Resources
subject: Curriculum
subject: Bilingual, Multilingual, and Multicultural Education
subject: Curriculum and Instruction
subject: Disability and Equity in Education
subject: Educational Assessment, Evaluation, and Research
subject: Education Economics
subject: Health and Physical Education
subject: Teacher Education and Professional Development

description: Health educators have many responsibilities, including community education, assessment program development, evaluation, research, health policy and grant writing. Health educators in Egypt do not participate in all these activities, but they mostly do participate in essential activities such as community education. The health educators in Egypt get training and preparation on topics such as addiction, women’s health, chronic diseases, and the skills needed for teaching. This study investigated the perceptions of health educators and their supervisors about how well they believe their training and preparation has prepared them to work with health clients in Alexandria, Egypt. The study includes interviews with 11 health educators and four supervisors, all from different parts of Alexandria. The interview questions covered topics such as the way the health educators were prepared, what they studied, whether they apply everything they have learned, if they think the preparation was enough, and how they perceive themselves in performing their role as a health educator. The results showed that most of the health educators claimed that they were getting good preparation. There is no specific educational program or curriculum that health educators follow to be prepared for their jobs. Health educators do get workshops and trainings from the Ministry of Heath throughout the year on different topics based on the interests of their community. However, results of the study showed that they do not agree on a common goal for their role as health educators. In the interviews, health educators indicated that they want more training. They also stated that they are lacking places to give health education classes, and that they are facing a resource constraints in running health education programs.
Stability and control of wind energy integrated power systems
Creators: name: Islam, Kazi Shariful
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: This thesis presents an investigation of both small-signal and transient stability and control of doubly fed induction generator based wind turbine systems to enhance the stability performances of the connected power grid. First, the investigation of critical parameters of the grid-connected wind turbines to design a pitch-angle controller using LQR control method is conducted. Second, a robust simultaneous pitch-angle and reactive power control strategy by using H∞ constrained linear quadratic Gaussian control method is developed. Third, the coherency identification and clustering of wind turbines is researched using principal component analysis, agglomerative hierarchical clustering algorithm and Q-V analysis. Fourth, an optimal robust decentralized reactive power control design algorithm for the DFIG clusters using SMES device using a mixed H2/H∞ control method is established.
On the evaluation of interactive information retrieval systems
Creators: name: Belkin, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2010
Subjects: evaluation
interactive information retrieval
usefulness
Information retrieval--Evaluation
Information Retrieval

description: This paper briefly discusses the history of the standard information retrieval evaluation criteria, measures and methods, and why they are unsuitable for the evaluation of interactive information retrieval. A new framework for evaluation of interactive information retrieval is proposed, based on the criterion of usefulness.
Transformative Agreements: Swedish Strategy
Creators: name: Anna, Lundén
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Transformative Agreements
Read and Publish Agreements
Open Access
Bibsam Consortium
Library Consortia
Total Cost of Publication

description: Transformative agreements with scholarly publishers made by the Swedish Bibsam Consortium are being presented together with challenges and lessons learned specifically from transformative agreements with capped open access publishing.
exoALMA. VI. Rotating under Pressure: Rotation curves, azimuthal velocity substructures, and pressure variations
Creators: name: Stadler, Jochen
name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Winter, Andrew J.
name: Izquierdo, Andrés F.
name: Longarini, Cristiano
name: Galloway-Sprietsma, Maria
name: Curone, Pietro
name: Andrews, Sean M.
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Rosotti, Giovanni
name: Teague, Richard
name: Barraza-Alfaro, Marcelo
name: Cataldi, Gianni
name: Cuello, Nicolas
name: Czekala, Ian
name: Fasano, Daniele
name: Flock, Mario
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Garg, Himanshi
name: Hall, Cassandra
name: Hammond, Iain
name: Hilder, Thomas
name: Huang, Jane
name: Ilee, John D.
name: Kanagawa, Kazuhiro
name: Lesur, Geoffroy
name: Lodato, Giuseppe
name: Loomis, Ryan A.
name: Menard, Francois
name: Orihara, Ryuta
name: Pinte, Christophe
name: Price, Daniel J.
name: Yen, Hsi-Wei
name: Wafflard-Fernandez, Gaylor
name: Wilner, David J.
name: Wölfer, Lisa
name: Yoshida, Tomohiro C.
name: Zawadzki, Brianna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk motion of the gas in protoplanetary disks around newborn stars is nearly Keplerian. By leveraging the high angular and spectral resolution of ALMA, we can detect small-scale velocity perturbations in molecular line observations caused by local gas pressure variations in the disk, possibly induced by embedded protoplanets. This paper presents the azimuthally averaged rotational velocity and its deviations from Keplerian rotation ($δ\upsilon_ϕ$) for the exoALMA sample, as measured in the $^{12}$CO and $^{13}$CO emission lines. The rotation signatures show evidence for vertically stratified disks, in which $^{13}$CO rotates faster than $^{12}$CO due to a distinct thermal gas pressure gradient at their emitting heights. We find $δ\upsilon_ϕ$-substructures in the sample on both small ($\sim$10 au) and large ($\sim$100 au) radial scales, reaching deviations up to 15% from background Keplerian velocity in the most extreme cases. More than 75% of the rings and 80% of the gaps in the dust continuum emission resolved in $δ\upsilon_ϕ$ are co-located with gas pressure maxima and minima, respectively. Additionally, gas pressure substructures are observed far beyond the dust continuum emission. For the first time, we determined the gas pressure derivative at the midplane from observations and found it to align well with the dust substructures within the given uncertainties. Based on our findings, we conclude that gas pressure variations are likely the dominant mechanism for ring and gap formation in the dust continuum.
description: This paper is part of the exoALMA Focus Issue of The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 37 pages, 19 figures
HeLLo at Science is Wonderful! 2019
Creators: name: Calzolari, Marta
name: Davoli, Pietromaria
name: Dias Pereira, Luisa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: HeLLo
Dissemination
Openscience
Cultural heritage
Culture
H2020
ScienceIsWonderful

description: The HeLLo project POSTER at Science is Wonderful! 2019, Brussels (Belgium).
 https://ec.europa.eu/research/mariecurieactions/events/science-wonder-ful_en
Literature review of social norms measurement related to WEE.
Creators: name: Lundgren, Rebecka
name: Anvita Dixit
name: Pierce, Meredith
name: Ramirez, Lilibeth
name: Raj, Anita
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: There is a lack of awareness and use of existing, quality social norms (SN) measures related to WEE, as well as a lack of validated measures in this area. This literature review aims to identify social norm domains related to WEE and identify measurement gaps.
Global infectious disease research collaborations in crises: building capacity and inclusivity through cooperation
Creators: name: Fanning, Jonathon P.
name: Murthy, Srinivas
name: Obonyo, Nchafatso G.
name: Baillie, J. K.
name: Webb, Steve
name: Dalton, Heidi  .
name: Fraser, John F.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2021

description: Background The initial research requirements in pandemics are predictable. But how is it possible to study a disease that is so quickly spreading and to rapidly use that research to inform control and treatment? Main body In our view, a dilemma with such wide-reaching impact mandates multi-disciplinary collaborations on a global scale. International research collaboration is the only means to rapidly address these fundamental questions and potentially change the paradigm of data sharing for the benefit of patients throughout the world. International research collaboration presents significant benefits but also barriers that need to be surmounted, especially in low- and middle-income countries. Conclusion Facilitating international cooperation, by building capacity in established collaborative platforms and in low- and middle-income countries, is imperative to efficiently answering the priority clinical research questions that can change the trajectory of a pandemic.
Figures Don't Lie: Spatial Humanities and Technology as Critical Thinking Tools
Creators: name: White, Krista
Publisher: name: Rutgers University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Digital humanities
Humanities--Information technology
Humanities--Digital libraries
Geographic information systems
Critical thinking
Spatial humanities
Gross domestic product
Maps
World Bank

description: This presentation demonstrates the potential use of spatial humanities as both a critical thinking exercise and a computational tool in digital humanities pedagogy. “Figures Don’t Lie” presents a map of the United States that labels each state as a foreign nation according to the correlation between the GDPs of each state and their assigned countries. The map may spark classroom discussions about a range of humanities topics. Revealing the map’s underlying data shows how facts can be spun and helps students understand how the “facts” presented in the media may not be what they appear.