cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Covariant coarse-graining of inhomogeneous dust flow in General Relativity
Creators: name: Korzynski, Mikolaj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new definition of coarse-grained quantities describing the dust flow in General Relativity is proposed. It assigns the coarse--grained expansion, shear and vorticity to finite-size comoving domains of fluid in a covariant, coordinate-independent manner. The coarse--grained quantities are all quasi-local functionals, depending only on the geometry of the boundary of the considered domain. They can be thought of as relativistic generalizations of simple volume averages of local quantities in a flat space. The procedure is based on the isometric embedding theorem for S^2 surfaces and thus requires the boundary of the domain in question to have spherical topology and positive scalar curvature. We prove that in the limit of infinitesimally small volume the proposed quantities reproduce the local expansion, shear and vorticity. In case of irrotational flow we derive the time evolution for the coarse-grained quantities and show that its structure is very similar to the evolution equation for their local counterparts. Additional terms appearing in it may serve as a measure of the backreacton of small-scale inhomogeneities of the flow on the large-scale motion of the fluid inside the domain and therefore the result may be interesting in the context of the cosmological backreaction problem. We also consider the application of the proposed coarse-graining procedure to a number of known exact solutions of Einstein equations with dust and show that it yields reasonable results.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. Version accepted in Classical and Quantum Gravity.
Nuclear Matter and Nuclear Dynamics
Creators: name: Colonna, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highlights on the recent research activity, carried out by the Italian Community involved in the "Nuclear Matter and Nuclear Dynamics" field, will be presented.
description: Proceedings of the 12th Conference on Problems in Theoretical Nuclear Physics, to appear in Journal of Physics, Conference Series
Towards Power Efficient MAC Protocol for In-Body and On-Body Sensor Networks
Creators: name: Ullah, Sana
name: An, Xizhi
name: Kwak, Kyung Sup
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an empirical discussion on the design and implementation of a power-efficient Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol for in-body and on-body sensor networks. We analyze the performance of a beacon-enabled IEEE 802.15.4, PB-TDMA, and S-MAC protocols for on-body sensor networks. We further present a Traffic Based Wakeup Mechanism that utilizes the traffic patterns of the BAN Nodes (BNs) to accommodate the entire BSN traffic. To enable a logical connection between different BNs working on different frequency bands, a method called Bridging function is proposed. The Bridging function integrates all BNs working on different bands into a complete BSN.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables,KES AMSTA 09, LNAI 5559, pp.335-345, Uppsala, June 2009. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0911.1507
Additional file 1 of Preoptimisation in patients with acute obstructive colon cancer (PREOCC) – a prospective registration study protocol
Creators: name: Boeding, Jeske R. E.
name: Gobardhan, Paul D.
name: Rijken, Arjen M.
name: Seerden, Tom C. J.
name: Verhoef, Cornelis
name: Schreinemakers, Jennifer M. J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
On the quark component in prompt photon and electroweak gauge boson production at high energies
Creators: name: Lipatov, A. V.
name: Zotov, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of the kt-factorization approach, we study the production of prompt photons and electroweak gauge bosons in high energy proton-(anti)proton collisions at modern colliders. Our consideration is based on the amplitude for the production of a single photon or W/Z boson associated with a quark pair in the fusion of two off-shell gluons. The quark component is taken into account separately using the quark-gluon scaterring and quark-antiquark annihilation QCD subprocesses. Special attention is put on the contributions from the quarks involved into the earlier steps of the evolution cascade. Using the Kimber-Martin-Ryskin formalism, we simulate this component and demonstrate that it plays an important role at both the Tevatron and LHC energies. Our theoretical results are compared with recent experimental data taken by the D0 and CDF collaborations at the Tevatron.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures
Epeorus (Caucasiron) suspicatus Braasch 2006
Creators: name: Vasanth, M.
name: Selvakumar, C.
name: Subramanian, K. A.
name: Sivaramakrishnan, K. G.
name: Sinha, Bikramjit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Ephemeroptera
Heptageniidae
Epeorus
Epeorus suspicatus

description: Epeorus (Caucasiron) suspicatus Braasch, 2006b
 Diagnosis: This species could be distinguished by the following combination of characters: in larva (i) gills II–VII without papillae; and (ii) presence of spines on posterior margin of abdomen.
 Distribution: India (Himachal Pradesh) and Nepal.
 Remarks: The larva of this species was insufficiently described from Kulu-Valley, Himachal Pradesh (India) and Nepal by Braasch (2006b). Adult stages are unknown.
description: Published as part of Vasanth, M., Selvakumar, C., Subramanian, K. A., Sivaramakrishnan, K. G. & Sinha, Bikramjit, 2021, Contribution to the study of Epeorus Eaton, 1881 (Ephemeroptera: Heptageniidae) from India, pp. 499-522 in Zootaxa 4991 (3) on page 519, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4991.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5042522
Thermodynamic Bethe Ansatz Equations for Minimal Surfaces in AdS_3
Creators: name: Hatsuda, Yasuyuki
name: Ito, Katsushi
name: Sakai, Kazuhiro
name: Satoh, Yuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical open string solutions with a null polygonal boundary in AdS_3 in relation to gluon scattering amplitudes in N=4 super Yang-Mills at strong coupling. We derive in full detail the set of integral equations governing the decagonal and the dodecagonal solutions and identify them with the thermodynamic Bethe ansatz equations of the homogeneous sine-Gordon models. By evaluating the free energy in the conformal limit we compute the central charges, from which we observe general correspondence between the polygonal solutions in AdS_n and generalized parafermions.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures, v2: a figure and references added, minor corrections, v3: references added, minor corrections, to appear in JHEP
Interplay of Electron Trapping by Defect Midgap State and Quantum Confinement to Optimize Hot Carrier Effect in a Nanowire Structure
Creators: name: Makhfudz, Imam
name: Esmaielpour, Hamidreza
name: Hajati, Yaser
name: Koblmüller, Gregor
name: Cavassilas, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot carrier effect, a phenomenon where charge carriers generated by photon absorption remain energetic by not losing much energy, has been one of the leading strategies in increasing solar cell efficiency. Nanostructuring offers an effective approach to enhance hot carrier effect via the spatial confinement, as occurring in a nanowire structure. The recent experimental study by Esmaielpour et al. [ACS Applied Nano Materials 7, 2817 (2024)] reveals a fascinating non-monotonic dependence of the hot carrier effect in nanowire array on the diameter of the nanowire, contrary to what might be expected from quantum confinement alone. We show that this non-monotonic behavior can be explained by a simple model for electron energy loss that involves two principal mechanisms. First, electron-phonon scattering, that increases with nanowire diameter, leading to hot carrier effect that decreases with increasing diameter. Second, electron capture by a defect level within band gap, that is, a midgap state, that decreases with nanowire diameter, leading to hot carrier effect that increases with increasing diameter. The two mechanisms balance at a certain diameter corresponding to optimal hot carrier effect. Our result offers a guideline to optimize hot carrier effect in nanowire solar cells and ultimately their efficiency by adjusting the dimensions and micro-structural properties of nanowires.
description: Main text + Supplementary materials, accepted, to appear in Physical Review B Letter (2024)
Multi-phase Stefan problems for a nonlinear 1-d model of cell-to-cell adhesion and diffusion
Creators: name: Anguige, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35K60

description: We consider a family of multi-phase Stefan problems for a certain 1-d model of cell-to-cell adhesion and diffusion, which takes the form of a nonlinear forward-backward parabolic equation. In each material phase the cell density stays either high or low, and phases are connected by jumps across an `unstable' interval. We develop an existence theory for such problems which allows for the annihilation of phases and the subsequent continuation of solutions. Stability results for the long-time behaviour of solutions are also obtained, and, where necessary, the analysis is complemented by numerical simulations.
description: 'O(h)' typo on p.2 fixed
Lattice Dynamics in the Half-Space, II. Energy Transport Equation
Creators: name: Dudnikova, T. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Qxx, 37A25, 60Fxx, 82-xx

description: We consider the lattice dynamics in the half-space. The initial data are random according to a probability measure which enforces slow spatial variation on the linear scale $\varepsilon^{-1}$. We establish two time regimes. For times of order $\varepsilon^{-γ}$, $0
description: 35 pages
Illumination and the adsorption of xanthate in the flotation of galena and marmatite
Creators: name: Guarnaschelli, Claudio
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The changes in the adsorption characteristics of potassium ethyl xanthate (KEtX) on galena (PbS) and marmatite [(Zn,Fe)S] due to illumination have been investigated. Studies by others have indicated that: (1) the amount of surfactant adsorbed by a semiconductor depends on its n-type or p-type character, (2) copper activation of sphalerite (ZnS) is required for flotation, (3) sphalerite is a semiconductor with an energy gap of 3.6 eV whereas galena is a semiconductor with an energy gap of 0.3 7 eV. The amount of xanthate adsorbed from aqueous solution on galena and marmatite was found to depend on both the intensity and photon energy (0.5 to 3.5 eV) of the incident light. In the galena system, increasing the light photon energy above the energy gap value increased adsorption of xanthate. The amount of xanthate adsorbed by the p-type galena was three times the amount adsorbed by the n-type galena. This suggested that the reaction may involve the transfer of an electron from the adsorbate to the adsorbent. The effect of the presence of an oxide film on the surfaces of galenas was also investigated and appeared to be less significant than the type of charge carrier originally dominant in the mineral. When copper-activated marmatite was illuminated by light with photon energies lower than the intrinsic gap (3.6 eV), adsorption of xanthate was less than when the mineral was kept in darkness. Similar "photodesorption" effects have been reported in the literature. These were explained by excitation of electrons from traps to the conduction band and subsequent recombination with holes in the valence band. Fewer charge carriers would then have been available to participate in the adsorption reactions. Flotation experiments agreed with the adsorption results above. Flotation recovery of activated marmatite dropped ca. 10% when the mineral was illuminated with a high intensity of 0.6 eV photons as compared to the recovery in daylight. A model that takes into account the surface concentration of electrons and the type and concentration of impurities is discussed. The activity and selectivity of surface reactions are explained in terms of the electrochemical potential, i.e. the Fermi energy level, the actual position and/or displacement of which is affected by the impurities present.
Additional file 1 of Measurement properties of PROMIS short forms for pain and function in patients receiving knee arthroplasty
Creators: name: Stephan, Anika
name: Stadelmann, Vincent A.
name: Preiss, Stefan
name: Impellizzeri, Franco M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplement Table 5. Reliability, agreement and smallest detectable change calculated from test-retest sample excluding patients presenting the best possible PROMIS short form scores on both test occasions.
Quasi-Transient Calculation of Czochralski Growth of Ge Crystals Using the Software Elmer
Creators: name: Miller, Wolfram
name: Abrosimov, Nikolay
name: Fischer, Jörg
name: Gybin, Alexander
name: Juda, Uta
name: Kayser, Stefan
name: Janicskó-Csáthy, Jószef
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Czochralski
subject: Germanium
subject: Global simulation
subject: 540

description: A numerical scheme was developed to compute the thermal and stress fields of the Czochralski process in a quasi-time dependent mode. The growth velocity was computed from the geometrical changes in melt and crystal due to pulling for every stage, for which the thermal and stress fields were computed by using the open source software Elmer. The method was applied to the Czochralski growth of Ge crystals by inductive heating. From a series of growth experiments, we chose one as a reference to check the validity of the scheme with respect to this Czochralski process. A good agreement both for the shapes of the melt/crystal interface at various time steps and the change in power consumption with process time was observed. © 2019 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
More on quantum measuring systems and the holographic principle
Creators: name: Konishi, Eiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we approach the structure of the quantum measuring system in the Euclidean regime of the classicalized holographic tensor network from the perspective of integrated information theory. As a result, we obtain the following picture of the Euclidean regime. First, there are complexes, which are independently accompanied by the level and structure of experiences, determined from the full transition probability matrix of the whole particle system. Second, the cause-effect structures of independent complexes would be directly entangled by the physical information propagation in the whole particle system. Finally, distinct full transition probability matrices of the whole particle system that exhibit the maximum cause-effect power may coexist.
description: 8 pages, latex, published version
Additional file 1 of Short report galectins use N-glycans of FGFs to capture growth factors at the cell surface and fine-tune their signaling
Creators: name: Gedaj, Aleksandra
name: Zukowska, Dominika
name: Porebska, Natalia
name: Pozniak, Marta
name: Krzyscik, Mateusz
name: Czyrek, Aleksandra
name: Krowarsch, Daniel
name: Zakrzewska, Malgorzata
name: Otlewski, Jacek
name: Opalinski, Lukasz
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
In silico estimates of the free energy rates in growing tumor spheroids
Creators: name: Narayanan, H
name: Verner, S N
name: Mills, K. L.
name: Kemkemer, R.
name: Garikipati, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The physics of solid tumor growth can be considered at three distinct size scales: the tumor scale, the cell-extracellular matrix (ECM) scale and the sub-cellular scale. In this paper we consider the tumor scale in the interest of eventually developing a system-level understanding of the progression of cancer. At this scale, cell populations and chemical species are best treated as concentration fields that vary with time and space. The cells have chemo-mechanical interactions with each other and with the ECM, consume glucose and oxygen that are transported through the tumor, and create chemical byproducts. We present a continuum mathematical model for the biochemical dynamics and mechanics that govern tumor growth. The biochemical dynamics and mechanics also engender free energy changes that serve as universal measures for comparison of these processes. Within our mathematical framework we therefore consider the free energy inequality, which arises from the first and second laws of thermodynamics. With the model we compute preliminary estimates of the free energy rates of a growing tumor in its pre-vascular stage by using currently available data from single cells and multicellular tumor spheroids.
description: 27 pages with 5 figures and 2 tables. Figures and tables appear at the end of the paper
MeLiDos Work Package 2: Recommendations for wearable light loggers based on use case studies and their usability
Creators: name: Zauner, Johannes
name: Stefani, Oliver
name: Joosten Ma, Hongli
name: Bocanegra Abarca, Gianfranco
name: Spitschan, Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This is the presentation for the stakeholder committee on 30 November 2023 for Work package 2
Additional file 1 of Evaluation of the quality of patient involvement in a patient-led analysis of the lived experience of a rare disease
Creators: name: Lobban, Dawn
name: Oliver, Jacqui
name: Davio, Kelly
name: Seddik, Kenza
name: Porkess, Veronica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Patient involvement reported using the GRIPP2 short form.
Local electronic structure in AlN studied by single-crystal 27Al and 14N NMR and DFT calculations
Creators: name: Zeman, Otto E.O.
name: Moudrakovski, Igor L.
name: Hartmann, Carsten
name: Indris, Sylvio
name: Bräuniger, Thomas
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 14N NMR
subject: 27Al NMR
subject: AlN
subject: Chemical shift tensor
subject: Quadrupole coupling tensor
subject: Single-crystal NMR
subject: 540

description: Both the chemical shift and quadrupole coupling tensors for 14N and 27Al in the wurtzite structure of aluminum nitride have been determined to high precision by single-crystal NMR spectroscopy. A homoepitaxially grown AlN single crystal with known morphology was used, which allowed for optical alignment of the crystal on the goniometer axis. From the analysis of the rotation patterns of 14N (I = 1) and 27Al (I = 5/2), the quadrupolar coupling constants were determined to ?(14N) = (8.19 ± 0.02) kHz, and ?(27Al) = (1.914 ± 0.001) MHz. The chemical shift parameters obtained from the data fit were diso = -(292.6 ± 0.6) ppm and d? = -(1.9 ± 1.1) ppm for 14N, and (after correcting for the second-order quadrupolar shift) diso = (113.6 ± 0.3) ppm and d? = (12.7 ± 0.6) ppm for 27Al. DFT calculations of the NMR parameters for non-optimized crystal geometries of AlN generally did not match the experimental values, whereas optimized geometries came close for 27Al with ?calc = (1.791 ± 0.003) MHz, but not for 14N with ?calc = -(19.5 ± 3.3) kHz. © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
The SUSY-QCD beta function to three loops
Creators: name: Harlander, Robert V.
name: Mihaila, Luminita
name: Steinhauser, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A number of DR-bar renormalization constants in softly broken SUSY-QCD are evaluated to three-loop level: the wave function renormalization constants for quarks, squarks, gluons, gluinos, ghosts, and epsilon-scalars, and the renormalization constants for the quark and gluino mass as well as for all cubic vertices. The latter allow us to derive the corresponding beta functions through three loops, all of which we find to be identical to the expression for the gauge beta function obtained by Jack, Jones, and North [Jack:1996vg] (see also Ref. [Pickering:2001aq]). This explicitely demonstrates the consistency of DRED with SUSY and gauge invariance, an important pre-requisite for precision calculations in supersymmetric theories.
description: Latex, 16 pages, reference added; v2: matches published version in Eur.Phys.J. C
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of the quality of patient involvement in a patient-led analysis of the lived experience of a rare disease
Creators: name: Lobban, Dawn
name: Oliver, Jacqui
name: Davio, Kelly
name: Seddik, Kenza
name: Porkess, Veronica
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Self-reported experience surveys.
Defect loops in gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten models
Creators: name: Bachas, Costas
name: Monnier, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider loop observables in gauged Wess-Zumino-Witten models, and study the action of renormalization group flows on them. In the WZW model based on a compact Lie group G, we analyze at the classical level how the space of renormalizable defects is reduced upon the imposition of global and affine symmetries. We identify families of loop observables which are invariant with respect to an affine symmetry corresponding to a subgroup H of G, and show that they descend to gauge-invariant defects in the gauged model based on G/H. We study the flows acting on these families perturbatively, and quantize the fixed points of the flows exactly. From their action on boundary states, we present a derivation of the "generalized Affleck-Ludwig rule, which describes a large class of boundary renormalization group flows in rational conformal field theories.
description: 43 pages, 2 figures. v2: a few typos corrected, version to be published in JHEP
On k-Column Sparse Packing Programs
Creators: name: Bansal, Nikhil
name: Korula, Nitish
name: Nagarajan, Viswanath
name: Srinivasan, Aravind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.2.2

description: We consider the class of packing integer programs (PIPs) that are column sparse, i.e. there is a specified upper bound k on the number of constraints that each variable appears in. We give an (ek+o(k))-approximation algorithm for k-column sparse PIPs, improving on recent results of $k^2\cdot 2^k$ and $O(k^2)$. We also show that the integrality gap of our linear programming relaxation is at least 2k-1; it is known that k-column sparse PIPs are $Ω(k/ \log k)$-hard to approximate. We also extend our result (at the loss of a small constant factor) to the more general case of maximizing a submodular objective over k-column sparse packing constraints.
description: 19 pages, v3: additional details
Remote system for detection of low-levels of methane based on photonic crystal fibres and wavelength modulation spectroscopy
Creators: name: Carvalho, J.P.
name: Lehmann, H.
name: Bartelt, H.
name: Magalhes, F.
name: Amezcua-Correa, R.
name: Santos, J.L.
name: Roosbroeck, J.V.
name: Arajo, F.M.
name: Ferreira, L.A.
name: Knight, J.C.
Publisher: name: New York, NY : Hindawi
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Gas diffusion
subject: Hollow-core photonic crystal fibre
subject: Optical fibre sensing
subject: Portable system
subject: Remote detection
subject: Remote systems
subject: Sensor interrogations
subject: Wavelength modulation spectroscopy
subject: Methane
subject: Modulation
subject: Molecular spectroscopy
subject: Sensors
subject: Units of measurement
subject: Photonic crystal fibers
subject: 620

description: In this work we described an optical fibre sensing system for detecting low levels of methane. The properties of hollow-core photonic crystal fibres are explored to have a sensing head with favourable characteristics for gas sensing, particularly in what concerns intrinsic readout sensitivity and gas diffusion time in the sensing structure. The sensor interrogation was performed applying the Wavelength Modulation Spectroscopy technique, and a portable measurement unit was developed with performance suitable for remote detection of low levels of methane. This portable system has the capacity to simultaneously interrogate four remote photonic crystal fibre sensing heads. Copyright © 2009 J. P. Carvalho et al.
Backward Raman compression of x-rays in metals and warm dense matters
Creators: name: Son, S.
name: Ku, S.
name: Moon, Sung Joon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Experimentally observed decay rate of the long wavelength Langmuir wave in metals and dense plasmas is orders of magnitude larger than the prediction of the prevalent Landau damping theory. The discrepancy is explored, and the existence of a regime where the forward Raman scattering is stable and the backward Raman scattering is unstable is examined. The amplification of an x-ray pulse in this regime, via the backward Raman compression, is computationally demonstrated, and the optimal pulse duration and intensity is estimated.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to PRE
Octet enchancement in hadronic interactions
Creators: name: Chan, Choi-Lai
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In this thesis, a detailed study is made of the phenomenon of Octet Enhancement in hadronic interactions. After a survey of the experimental consequences of Octet Enhancement is made in Chapter II, a review and discussion of the various theories of Octet Enhancement is given in Chapter III. In Chapter IV, a general group theorectical discussion, based on an extension of Glashow's Method (S. L. Glashovr, 1963) of spontaneous symmetry breaking is presented. A general theorem in connection with spontaneous symmetry breaking is stated and proved. The theorem lends itself to a number of interesting applications. Among these is a demonstration that if a unitary triplet exists in nature which is non-trivially coupled to the rest of the hadrons, then Octet Enhancement follows without recourse to any detailed dynamical assumption. In particular, the triplet need not be quarks in the sense of fundamental building blocks of all matter. It is also demonstrated group theoretically that ϕ-ω mixing can in principle occur as a particular form of spontaneous symmetry breaking, in exactly the same way that a spontaneous mass splitting can occur. Assuming Octet Dominance in the symmetry breaking of a degenerate nonet of vector mesons, it follows quite generally that the formulae [formulae omitted] must hold. Here again, no dynamical detail is required. In Chapter V, a bootstrap model consisting of an octet of vector mesons is constructed with which it is demonstrated step by step how Octet Enhancement follows from the intricate working of two dynamical principles — (a) the bootstrap hypothesis and (b) that the mesons participating in the bootstrap must be physical particles and not ghost states. In Chapter VI, the model is extended to study ϕ-ω mixing. A phenomenon which can be interpreted as a "sponteneous" ϕ-ω mixing is found to in fact occur. Furthermore, formulae (i) and (ii) also emerge from this model. The only extra assumption besides (a) and (b) that we have to make here is the mere "existence" of a unitary singlet vector meson whose "bare" mass (the mass of the particle before it is embroiled in the bootstrap) is equal to average mass of the octet.
Parallel Chip-Firing on the Complete Graph: Devil's Staircase and Poincare Rotation Number
Creators: name: Levine, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26A30, 37E10, 37E45, 82C20

description: We study how parallel chip-firing on the complete graph K_n changes behavior as we vary the total number of chips. Surprisingly, the activity of the system, defined as the average number of firings per time step, does not increase smoothly in the number of chips; instead it remains constant over long intervals, punctuated by sudden jumps. In the large n limit we find a "devil's staircase" dependence of activity on the number of chips. The proof proceeds by reducing the chip-firing dynamics to iteration of a self-map of the circle S^1, in such a way that the activity of the chip-firing state equals the Poincare rotation number of the circle map. The stairs of the devil's staircase correspond to periodic chip-firing states of small period.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Rewrote sections 2 and 3 in terms of "generalized chip configurations" to address referee comments. To appear in Ergodic Theory and Dynamical Systems
Activated molecular adsorption of CO on the Be (0001) surface: A density-functional theory study
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang-Xi
name: Yang, Yu
name: Sun, Bo
name: Li, Rong-Wu
name: Liu, Shao-Jun
name: Zhang, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations, we systematically study the adsorption behaviors of molecular CO on the Be (0001) surface. By calculating the potential energy surfaces, we find that CO molecularly adsorbs on the Be surface with small energy barriers. The most stable adsorption state is found to be the one at the surface fcc hollow site, and the one at the surface top site is the adsorption state that has the smallest energy barrier. Based on electronic structure analysis, we further reveal that during the molecular adsorption, the $5σ$ bonding and $2π$ antibonding orbitals of CO hybridize with $s$ and $p_z$ electronic states of Be, causing electrons to transfer from CO to Be.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
On the tidal evolution of Hot Jupiters on inclined orbits
Creators: name: Barker, A. J.
name: Ogilvie, G. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tidal friction is thought to be important in determining the long-term spin-orbit evolution of short-period extrasolar planetary systems. Using a simple model of the orbit-averaged effects of tidal friction, we study the evolution of close-in planets on inclined orbits, due to tides. We analyse the effects of the inclusion of stellar magnetic braking by performing a phase-plane analysis of a simplified system of equations, including the braking torque. The inclusion of magnetic braking is found to be important, and its neglect can result in a very different system history. We then present the results of numerical integrations of the tidal evolution equations, where we find that it is essential to consider coupled evolution of the orbital and rotational elements, including dissipation in both the star and planet, to accurately model the evolution. The main result of our integrations is that for typical Hot Jupiters, tidal friction aligns the stellar spin with the orbit on a similar time as it causes the orbit to decay. This means that if a planet is observed to be aligned, then it probably formed coplanar. This reinforces the importance of Rossiter-McLaughlin effect observations in determining the degree of spin-orbit alignment in transiting systems. We apply these results to the XO-3 system, and constrain the tidal quality factors Q' in both the star and planet in this system. Using a model in which inertial waves are excited by tidal forcing in the outer convective envelope and dissipated by turbulent viscosity, we calculate Q' for a range of F-star models, and find it to vary considerably within this class of stars. This means that assuming a single Q' applies to all stars is probably incorrect. We propose an explanation for the survival of WASP-12 b & OGLE-TR-56 b, in terms of weak dissipation in the star.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted in MNRAS
title: Notice To Airmen (NOTAMS) For Airport Operators
Creators: name: Federal Aviation Administration
Publisher: name: Federal Aviation Administration
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05q0y0j38
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1996
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88280
subject: Airport operations
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/92615
subject: Airport runways
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/89651
subject: Messages (Communications)
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/97446
subject: Information services

description: This advisory circular (AC) provides guidance for use of the Notice to Airmen

(NOTAM) system in airport condition reporting.  This material is intended

primarily for airport operators, or their agents, who monitor and manage the

day-to-day operation of the airport and who may also have operational

responsibility for certain airport-related air navigation aids. In the National

Airspace Review (NAR) conducted by the FAA for government and industry airspace

users, it was agreed that airport operators, as frequent contributors to the

NOTAM system, should be provided with an AC to assist them in formulating NOTAM

material. The goal expressed by the group was twofold: to promote effective

utilization of the NOTAM system by airport operators and to reduce the need for

FAA specialists to recast NOTAM submissions into systems-compatible language

and format.  The airport operator and pilot group members of the NAR, in

particular, expressed confidence that better NOTAM submissions from airport

operators requiring less recasting for systems acceptance would reduce the

chance of inadvertent alteration of the message during processing.  15p.
Symmetry, dark matter and LHC phenomenology of the minimal $ν$SM
Creators: name: He, Xiao-Gang
name: Li, Tong
name: Liao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A sterile neutrino with a mass of a few keV can play the role of a warm dark matter(DM). This can be realized in seesaw models with 3 left- and 3 right-handed neutrinos. It is possible to identify the keV neutrino to be one of the right-handed neutrinos leaving the other two to be much more heavier, the $ν$SM model. We show that with this realization of keV neutrino DM, the model has an approximate Friedberg-Lee symmetry providing a natural explanation for the lightness of the right-handed neutrino. We also find that in this model the mixing parameters couple light and heavy neutrinos are strongly correlated, and can be large enough to have testable effects at the LHC for the two heavy right-handed neutrinos to be in the hundred-GeV range.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures, discussions expanded, references added, to appear in PRD
Bosonic spectral function and the electron-phonon interaction in HTSC cuprates
Creators: name: Maksimov, E.G.
name: Kulić, M.L.
name: Dolgov, O.V.
Publisher: name: New York : Hindawi Publishing Corporation
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) cuprates
subject: bosonic spectral function
subject: Migdal-Eliashberg (ME) theory
subject: 530

description: In this paper we discuss experimental evidence related to the structure and origin of the bosonic spectral function α2 F(ω) in high-temperature superconducting (HTSC) cuprates at and near optimal doping. Global properties of α2 F(ω), such as number and positions of peaks, are extracted by combining optics, neutron scattering, ARPES and tunnelling measurements. These methods give evidence for strong electron-phonon interaction (EPI) with 1
Construction of classical superintegrable systems with higher order integrals of motion from ladder operators
Creators: name: Marquette, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct integrals of motion for multidimensional classical systems from ladder operators of one-dimensional systems. This method can be used to obtain new systems with higher order integrals. We show how these integrals generate a polynomial Poisson algebra. We consider a one-dimensional system with third order ladders operators and found a family of superintegrable systems with higher order integrals of motion. We obtain also the polynomial algebra generated by these integrals. We calculate numerically the trajectories and show that all bounded trajectories are closed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in j.math.phys.
title: Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation: Insurance Determinations Requirements As of July 22, 1997
Creators: name: Federal Aviation Administration: Office of the Associate Administrator for Commercial Space Transportation
Publisher: name: Not Available
Year: 1997
Subjects: classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/87913
subject: Commercial space transportation
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88818
subject: Financial responsibility
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88822
subject: Liability insurance
classificationCode: https://trt.trb.org/term/88948
subject: Licensing

description: The Commercial Space Launch Act requires that all commercial licensees

demonstrate financial responsibility to compensate for the maximum probable

loss (MPL) from claims by a third party for death, bodily injury, or property

damage or loss resulting from an activity carried out under the license; and

the U.S. Government against a person for damage or loss to government property

resulting from an activity carried out under the license. Section 70112 also

requires that the Department of Transportation (DOT) set the amounts of

financial responsibility required of the licensee. The licensee can then elect

to meet this requirement by proving they have financial reserves equal to or

exceeding the amount specified, or placing the required amount in escrow, or

purchasing liability insurance equal to the amount specified. The most common

and preferred method is via the purchase of liability insurance.  This document

shows financial reliability set by DOT in 1997.  These amounts have since been

revised.  The viewer can obtain current information on financial responsibility

at < http://ast.faa.gov/licensing/app_info/index.html#fri>.  4p.
On the appearance of hyperons in neutron stars
Creators: name: Djapo, Haris
name: Schaefer, Bernd-Jochen
name: Wambach, Jochen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By employing a recently constructed hyperon-nucleon potential the equation of state of β-equilibrated and charge neutral nucleonic matter is calculated. The hyperon-nucleon potential is a low-momentum potential which is obtained within a renormalization group framework. Based on the Hartree-Fock approximation at zero temperature the densities at which hyperons appear in neutron stars are estimated. For several different bare hyperon-nucleon potentials and a wide range of nuclear matter parameters it is found that hyperons in neutron stars are always present. These findings have profound consequences for the mass and radius of neutron stars.
description: 12 pages, 12 figures, RevTeX4; summary and conclusions are strengthened, to appear in PRC
A very rare triple-peaked type-I X-ray burst in the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1636-53
Creators: name: Zhang, Guobao
name: Mendez, Mariano
name: Altamirano, Diego
name: Belloni, Tomaso M.
name: Homan, Jeroen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have discovered a triple-peaked X-ray burst from the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) 4U 1636-53 with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer (RXTE). This is the first triple-peaked burst reported from any LMXB using RXTE, and it is only the second burst of this kind observed from any source. (The previous one was also from 4U 1636-53, and was observed with EXOSAT.) From fits to time-resolved spectra, we find that this is not a radius-expansion burst, and that the same triple-peaked pattern seen in the X-ray light curve is also present in the bolometric light curve of the burst. Similar to what was previously observed in double-peaked bursts from this source, the radius of the emitting area increases steadily during the burst, with short periods in between during which the radius remains more or less constant. The temperature first increases steeply, and then decreases across the burst also showing three peaks. The first and last peak in the temperature profile occur, respectively, significantly before and significantly after the first and last peaks in the X-ray and bolometric light curves. We found no significant oscillations during this burst. This triple-peaked burst, as well as the one observed with EXOSAT and the double-peak bursts in this source, all took place when 4U 1636-53 occupied a relatively narrow region in the colour-colour diagram, corresponding to a relatively high (inferred) mass-accretion rate. No model presently available is able to explain the multiple-peaked bursts.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A renormalization fixed point for Lorenz maps
Creators: name: Winckler, Björn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E20

description: A Lorenz map is a Poincaré map for a three-dimensional Lorenz flow. We describe the theory of renormalization for Lorenz maps with a critical point and prove that a restriction of the renormalization operator acting on such maps has a hyperbolic fixed point. The proof is computer assisted and we include a detailed exposition on how to make rigorous estimates using a computer as well as the implementation of the estimates.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures
Functional brain imaging in epilepsy (Imaging Epilepsy)
Creators: name: Brown, Suzan
name: Burneo, Jorge
name: Pellegrino, Giovanni
name: Lau, Jonathan
name: Khaki, Milad
name: Michelle-Lee Jones
name: Suller-Marti, Ana
name: Diosy, David
name: Steven, David
name: Greydon Gilmore
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Epilepsy
subject: MRI
subject: TMS
subject: hdEEG
subject: healthy controls

description: This will be a prospective cohort study of EEG and imaging performed at the Epilepsy Program of the London Health Sciences Centre and Robarts Research Institute in patients with epilepsy and healthy controls. The purpose of this study is to enhance the non-invasive mapping of the epileptic focus through advanced detection and modeling of electrical activity, hemodynamic activity and excitability. We ultimately seek to assess the potential clinical utility of this approach. The study encompasses three specific objectives and participants can opt to participate one or multiple objectives: 1) Mapping the epileptic focus from hdEEG signals, 2) Mapping the epileptic focus from fMRI signals, 3) Mapping the epileptic focus from TMS-EEG signals.
Wege zum Goldenen Weg: Modelle der Open-Access-Transformation für Zeitschriften
Creators: name: Riesenweber, Christina
name: Tullney, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: open access
subject: journals
subject: scholarly communication
subject: academic journals
subject: transition
subject: 020

description: Folien zum Vortrag "Wege zum Goldenen Weg: Modelle der Open-Access-Transformation für Zeitschriften" in Veranstaltung: Erfolgreiches Journal-Management: Transformation und Open Science Workshop in der Leibniz-Geschäftsstelle Berlin am 19./20.01.2017
Toward Interactive Optimization of Source Code Differences: An Empirical Study of Its Performance
Creators: name: Yagi, Tsukasa
name: Hayashi, Shinpei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A source code difference (diff) indicates changes made by comparing new and old source codes, and it can be utilized in code reviews to help developers understand the changes made to the code. Although many diff generation methods have been proposed, existing automatic methods may generate nonoptimal diffs, hindering reviewers from understanding the changes. In this paper, we propose an interactive approach to optimize diffs. Users can provide feedback for the points of a diff that should not be matched but are or parts that should be matched but are not. The edit graph is updated based on this feedback, enabling users to obtain a more optimal diff. We simulated our proposed method by applying a search algorithm to empirically assess the number of feedback instances required and the amount of diff optimization resulting from the feedback to investigate the potential of this approach. The results of 23 GitHub projects confirm that 92% of nonoptimal diffs can be addressed with less than four feedback actions in the ideal case.
description: (C) 2024 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works