cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The Role of Interactive Web Broadcasts in Fostering Distance Learning Students’ Engagement with Practical Lab and Fieldwork
Creators: name: Brown, Venetia Amanda
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2023

description: Practical work in science and technology disciplines is crucial for students’ understanding and mastery. For educators who teach those disciplines at a distance and for students who learn remotely, this endeavour may be challenging. The study presented in this thesis investigates the use of Interactive Web Broadcasts (IWBs) in five undergraduate practical science and technology modules at The Open University. The study examines the reasons for using IWBs, as well as the strategies and types of interactions that staff and students use to engage and interact with one another. The study gathered perspectives from academics (n=18); associate lecturers (n=10); technical production team (n=3); students (n=88), and an external guest expert about the purposes, strategies and motivations of participating in IWBs. The study used a qualitatively mixed-methods design. An adapted protocol of Flanders’s Interaction Analysis Categories was used to analyse the interaction patterns in the web broadcast transcripts and text-chat logs, and a discourse analysis coding scheme was applied to analyse the text-chat. Student online questionnaires were administered towards the end of the modules to capture the student perceptions of IWBs. Student interviews and staff focus groups were also conducted to gain a fuller picture of experiences of using and engaging with IWBs. Findings show that the purposes and aims of using IWBs are to facilitate student engagement, foster a sense of community, and demonstrate an authentic practice of the sciences in real-world contexts. The communicative strategies were primarily affective and met students’ interests and expectations. The IWBs mitigated feelings of isolation that are common in distance education environments. IWBs had positive impacts on professional teaching practices and fostered collegiality and collaboration among staff. The findings are relevant to other distance and traditional campus-based universities that teach practical science and technology, those who teach online using synchronous technology-mediated systems, and those who are interested in student engagement and practical work.
Conformational Dynamics of the Major Yeast Phosphatidylinositol Transfer Protein Sec14p: Insight into the Mechanisms of Phospholipid Exchange and Diseases of Sec14p-Like Protein Deficiencies
Creators: name: Phillips, Scott E.
name: Temple, Brenda R.S.
name: Ryan, Margaret M.
name: Bankaitis, Vytas A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Molecular dynamics simulations coupled with functional analyses of the major yeast phosphatidylinositol/phosphatidylcholine transfer protein Sec14p identify structural elements involved in regulating the ability of Sec14p to execute phospholipid exchange. The molecular dynamics simulations suggest large rigid body motions within the Sec14p molecule accompany closing and opening of an A10/T4/A11 helical gate, and that “state-of-closure” of this helical gate determines access to the Sec14p phospholipid binding cavity. The data also project that conformational dynamics of the helical gate are controlled by a hinge unit (residues F212, Y213, K239, I240, and I242) that links to the N- and C-terminal ends of the helical gate, and by a novel gating module (composed of the B1LB2 and A12LT5 substructures) through which conformational information is transduced to the hinge. The 114TDKDGR119 motif of B1LB2 plays an important role in that transduction process. These simulations offer new mechanistic possibilities for an important half-reaction of the Sec14p phospholipid exchange cycle that occurs on membrane surfaces after Sec14p has ejected bound ligand, and is reloading with another phospholipid molecule. These conformational transitions further suggest structural rationales for known disease missense mutations that functionally compromise mammalian members of the Sec14-protein superfamily.
Clinical Reasoning Curriculum in the Health Professions Education: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Elvén, Maria
name: Welin, Elisabet
name: Wiegleb Edström, Desiree
name: Petreski, Tadej
name: Szopa, Magdalena
name: Durning, Steven
name: Edelbring, Samuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Clinical decision-making; Clinical reasoning; Curriculum design; Education

description: Despite clinical reasoning being a core competence of health professionals, research have demonstrated that it is scarcely taught or assessed explicitly, and clinical reasoning curricula guidelines would be beneficial. A scoping review would highlight the link between clinical reasoning methods, teaching strategies and curriculum design, and provide guidance for faculty and educators in health professions education development. The aim of the scoping review is to advance clinical reasoning curriculum design through identification of how significant aspects of clinical reasoning have been integrated in health professions education. The objectives are to explore: features of clinical reasoning curriculum design which theories, models or frameworks of clinical reasoning that have been used and how these have informed clinical reasoning curricula. which teaching content, methods and assessment forms that have been used and how these have informed the clinical reasoning curriculum design.
Sequential Quantiles via Hermite Series Density Estimation
Creators: name: Stephanou, Michael
name: Varughese, Melvin
name: Macdonald, Iain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62G99

description: Sequential quantile estimation refers to incorporating observations into quantile estimates in an incremental fashion thus furnishing an online estimate of one or more quantiles at any given point in time. Sequential quantile estimation is also known as online quantile estimation. This area is relevant to the analysis of data streams and to the one-pass analysis of massive data sets. Applications include network traffic and latency analysis, real time fraud detection and high frequency trading. We introduce new techniques for online quantile estimation based on Hermite series estimators in the settings of static quantile estimation and dynamic quantile estimation. In the static quantile estimation setting we apply the existing Gauss-Hermite expansion in a novel manner. In particular, we exploit the fact that Gauss-Hermite coefficients can be updated in a sequential manner. To treat dynamic quantile estimation we introduce a novel expansion with an exponentially weighted estimator for the Gauss-Hermite coefficients which we term the Exponentially Weighted Gauss-Hermite (EWGH) expansion. These algorithms go beyond existing sequential quantile estimation algorithms in that they allow arbitrary quantiles (as opposed to pre-specified quantiles) to be estimated at any point in time. In doing so we provide a solution to online distribution function and online quantile function estimation on data streams. In particular we derive an analytical expression for the CDF and prove consistency results for the CDF under certain conditions. In addition we analyse the associated quantile estimator. Simulation studies and tests on real data reveal the Gauss-Hermite based algorithms to be competitive with a leading existing algorithm.
description: 43 pages, 9 figures. Improved version incorporating referee comments, as appears in Electronic Journal of Statistics
(401609) James Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Identification of Yeast IQGAP (Iqg1p) as an Anaphase-Promoting-Complex Substrate and Its Role in Actomyosin-Ring-Independent Cytokinesis
Creators: name: Tully, Gregory H.
name: Ostapenko, Denis
name: Pringle, John R.
name: Ko, Nolan
name: Morgan, David O.
name: Solomon, Mark J.
name: Nishihama, Ryuichi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, a ring of myosin II forms in a septin-dependent manner at the budding site in late G1. This ring remains at the bud neck until the onset of cytokinesis, when actin is recruited to it. The actomyosin ring then contracts, septum formation occurs concurrently, and cytokinesis is soon completed. Deletion of MYO1 (the only myosin II gene) is lethal on rich medium in the W303 strain background and causes slow-growth and delayed-cell-separation phenotypes in the S288C strain background. These phenotypes can be suppressed by deletions of genes encoding nonessential components of the anaphase-promoting complex (APC/C). This suppression does not seem to result simply from a delay in mitotic exit, because overexpression of a nondegradable mitotic cyclin does not suppress the same phenotypes. Overexpression of either IQG1 or CYK3 also suppresses the myo1Δ phenotypes, and Iqg1p (an IQGAP protein) is increased in abundance and abnormally persistent after cytokinesis in APC/C mutants. In vitro assays showed that Iqg1p is ubiquitinated directly by APC/CCdh1 via a novel recognition sequence. A nondegradable Iqg1p (lacking this recognition sequence) can suppress the myo1Δ phenotypes even when expressed at relatively low levels. Together, the data suggest that compromise of APC/C function allows the accumulation of Iqg1p, which then promotes actomyosin-ring-independent cytokinesis at least in part by activation of Cyk3p.
Immobilization of the Type XIV Myosin Complex in Toxoplasma gondii
Creators: name: Rajfur, Zenon
name: Johnson, Terezina M.
name: Jacobson, Ken
name: Beckers, Con J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The substrate-dependent movement of apicomplexan parasites such as Toxoplasma gondii and Plasmodium sp. is driven by the interaction of a type XIV myosin with F-actin. A complex containing the myosin-A heavy chain, a myosin light chain, and the accessory protein GAP45 is attached to the membranes of the inner membrane complex (IMC) through its tight interaction with the integral membrane glycoprotein GAP50. For the interaction of this complex with F-actin to result in net parasite movement, it is necessary that the myosin be immobilized with respect to the parasite and the actin with respect to the substrate the parasite is moving on. We report here that the myosin motor complex of Toxoplasma is firmly immobilized in the plane of the IMC. This does not seem to be accomplished by direct interactions with cytoskeletal elements. Immobilization of the motor complex, however, does seem to require cholesterol. Both the motor complex and the cholesterol are found in detergent-resistant membrane domains that encompass a large fraction of the inner membrane complex surface. The observation that the myosin XIV motor complex of Toxoplasma is immobilized within this cholesterol-rich membrane likely extends to closely related pathogens such as Plasmodium and possibly to other eukaryotes.
Bichir and sturgeon gene expression supplementary images from Pre-mandibular pharyngeal pouches in early non-teleost fish embryos
Creators: name: Horackova, Agata
name: Pospisilova, Anna
name: Stundl, Jan
name: Minarik, Martin
name: Jandzik, David
name: Cerny, Robert
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The vertebrate pharynx is a key embryonic structure with crucial importance for the metameric organization of the head and face. The pharynx is primarily built upon progressive formation of paired pharyngeal pouches that typically develop in post-oral (mandibular, hyoid and branchial) domains. However, in the early embryos of non-teleost fishes, we have previously identified pharyngeal pouch-like outpocketings also in the pre-oral domain of the cranial endoderm. This pre-oral gut (POG) forms by early pouching of the primitive gut cavity, followed by the sequential formation of typical (post-oral) pharyngeal pouches. Here, we tested the pharyngeal nature of the POG by analysing expression patterns of selected core pharyngeal regulatory network genes in bichir and sturgeon embryos. Our comparison revealed generally shared expression patterns, including Shh, Pax9, Tbx1, Eya1, Six1, Ripply3 or Fgf8, between early POG and post-oral pharyngeal pouches. POG thus shares pharyngeal pouch-like morphogenesis and gene expression profile with pharyngeal pouches and can be regarded as pre-mandibular pharyngeal pouch. We further suggest that pre-mandibular pharyngeal pouches represent a plesiomorphic vertebrate trait inherited from our ancestor's pharyngeal metameric organization, which is incorporated in the early formation of the prechordal plate of vertebrate embryos.
MKKS Is a Centrosome-shuttling Protein Degraded by Disease-causing Mutations via CHIP-mediated Ubiquitination
Creators: name: Kimura, Hiroshi
name: Hirayama, Shoshiro
name: Okawa, Katsuya
name: Yamazaki, Yuji
name: Morito, Daisuke
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Kubota, Hiroshi
name: Kitamura, Akira
name: Nagata, Kazuhiro
name: Oda, Yukako
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: McKusick–Kaufman syndrome (MKKS) is a recessively inherited human genetic disease characterized by several developmental anomalies. Mutations in the MKKS gene also cause Bardet–Biedl syndrome (BBS), a genetically heterogeneous disorder with pleiotropic symptoms. However, little is known about how MKKS mutations lead to disease. Here, we show that disease-causing mutants of MKKS are rapidly degraded via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway in a manner dependent on HSC70 interacting protein (CHIP), a chaperone-dependent ubiquitin ligase. Although wild-type MKKS quickly shuttles between the centrosome and cytosol in living cells, the rapidly degraded mutants often fail to localize to the centrosome. Inhibition of proteasome functions causes MKKS mutants to form insoluble structures at the centrosome. CHIP and partner chaperones, including heat-shock protein (HSP)70/heat-shock cognate 70 and HSP90, strongly recognize MKKS mutants. Modest knockdown of CHIP by RNA interference moderately inhibited the degradation of MKKS mutants. These results indicate that the MKKS mutants have an abnormal conformation and that chaperone-dependent degradation mediated by CHIP is a key feature of MKKS/BBS diseases.
Gravity waves and high-altitude CO$_2$ ice cloud formation in the Martian atmosphere
Creators: name: Yiğit, Erdal
name: Medvedev, Alexander S.
name: Hartogh, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first general circulation model simulations that quantify and reproduce patches of extremely cold air required for CO$_2$ condensation and cloud formation in the Martian mesosphere. They are created by subgrid-scale gravity waves (GWs) accounted for in the model with the interactively implemented spectral parameterization. Distributions of GW-induced temperature fluctuations and occurrences of supersaturation conditions are in a good agreement with observations of high-altitude CO$_2$ ice clouds. Our study confirms the key role of GWs in facilitating CO$_2$ cloud formation, discusses their tidal modulation, and predicts clouds at altitudes higher than have been observed to date.
description: Accepted for publication in Geophysical Research Letters (GRL)
(401611) Alexander Hay Moncur
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Skyrmions and Hall Transport
Creators: name: Kim, Bom Soo
name: Shapere, Alfred D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a generalized set of Ward identities that captures the effects of topological charge on Hall transport. The Ward identities follow from the 2+1 dimensional momentum algebra, which includes a central extension proportional to the topological charge density. In the presence of topological objects like Skyrmions, we observe that the central term leads to a direct relation between the thermal Hall conductivity and the topological charge density. We extend this relation to incorporate the effects of a magnetic field and an electric current. The topological charge density produces a distinct signature in the electric Hall conductivity, which is identified in existing experimental data, and yields further novel predictions. For insulating materials with translation invariance, the Hall viscosity can be directly determined from the Skyrmion density and the thermal Hall conductivity to be measured as a function of momentum.
description: 6+1 pages including Supplemental Material. Version to appear in Physical Review Letters
(401606) [Unknown] Crow
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The Unique-5 and -6 Motifs of ZO-1 Regulate Tight Junction Strand Localization and Scaffolding Properties
Creators: name: Little, Brent P.
name: Rahner, Christoph
name: Anderson, James M.
name: Fanning, Alan S.
name: Utepbergenov, Darkhan
name: Walther, Zenta
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The proper cellular location and sealing of tight junctions is assumed to depend on scaffolding properties of ZO-1, a member of the MAGUK protein family. ZO-1 contains a conserved SH3-GUK module that is separated by a variable region (unique-5), which in other MAGUKs has proven regulatory functions. To identify motifs in ZO-1 critical for its putative scaffolding functions, we focused on the SH3-GUK module including unique-5 (U5) and unique-6 (U6), a motif immediately C-terminal of the GUK domain. In vitro binding studies reveal U5 is sufficient for occludin binding; U6 reduces the affinity of this binding. In cultured cells, U5 is required for targeting ZO-1 to tight junctions and removal of U6 results in ectopically displaced junction strands containing the modified ZO-1, occludin, and claudin on the lateral cell membrane. These results provide evidence that ZO-1 can control the location of tight junction transmembrane proteins and reveals complex protein binding and targeting signals within its SH3-U5-GUK-U6 region. We review these findings in the context of regulated scaffolding functions of other MAGUK proteins.
Insights from Single-File Diffusion into Cooperativity in Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Ooshida, Takeshi
name: Goto, Susumu
name: Matsumoto, Takeshi
name: Otsuki, Michio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffusion in colloidal suspensions can be very slow due to the cage effect, which confines each particle within a short radius on one hand, and involves large-scale cooperative motions on the other. In search of insight into this cooperativity, here the authors develop a formalism to calculate the displacement correlation in colloidal systems, mainly in the two-dimensional case. To clarify the idea for it, studies are reviewed on cooperativity among the particles in the one-dimensional case, i.e. the single-file diffusion (SFD). As an improvement over the celebrated formula by Alexander and Pincus on the mean-square displacement (MSD) in SFD, it is shown that the displacement correlation in SFD can be calculated from Lagrangian correlation of the particle interval in the one-dimensional case, and also that the formula can be extended to higher dimensions. The improved formula becomes exact for large systems. By combining the formula with a nonlinear theory for correlation, a correction to the asymptotic law for the MSD in SFD is obtained. In the two-dimensional case, the linear theory gives description of vortical cooperative motion.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures; "accepted author manuscript" after an embargo of 12 months (http://www.worldscinet.com/authors/authorrights.shtml) following the publication by Biophysical Reviews and Letters, for Special Issue Continuation on Single File Dynamics and Generalizations in Interdisciplinary Sciences
A Multicomponent Assembly Pathway Contributes to the Formation of Acentrosomal Microtubule Arrays in Interphase Drosophila Cells
Creators: name: Peifer, Mark
name: Rogers, Stephen L.
name: Rogers, Gregory C.
name: Rusan, Nasser M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In animal cells, centrosomes nucleate microtubules that form polarized arrays to organize the cytoplasm. Drosophila presents an interesting paradox however, as centrosome-deficient mutant animals develop into viable adults. To understand this discrepancy, we analyzed behaviors of centrosomes and microtubules in Drosophila cells, in culture and in vivo, using a combination of live-cell imaging, electron microscopy, and RNAi. The canonical model of the cycle of centrosome function in animal cells states that centrosomes act as microtubule-organizing centers throughout the cell cycle. Unexpectedly, we found that many Drosophila cell-types display an altered cycle, in which functional centrosomes are only present during cell division. On mitotic exit, centrosomes disassemble producing interphase cells containing centrioles that lack microtubule-nucleating activity. Furthermore, steady-state interphase microtubule levels are not changed by codepleting both γ-tubulins. However, γ-tubulin RNAi delays microtubule regrowth after depolymerization, suggesting that it may function partially redundantly with another pathway. Therefore, we examined additional microtubule nucleating factors and found that Mini-spindles, CLIP-190, EB1, or dynein RNAi also delayed microtubule regrowth; surprisingly, this was not further prolonged when we codepleted γ-tubulins. Taken together, these results modify our view of the cycle of centrosome function and reveal a multi-component acentrosomal microtubule assembly pathway to establish interphase microtubule arrays in Drosophila.
(401607) Agnes Hill
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Homology of FI-modules
Creators: name: Church, Thomas
name: Ellenberg, Jordan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove an explicit and sharp upper bound for the Castelnuovo-Mumford regularity of an FI-module V in terms of the degrees of its generators and relations. We use this to refine a result of Putman on the stability of homology of congruence subgroups, extending his theorem to previously excluded small characteristics and to integral homology while maintaining explicit bounds for the stable range.
description: 34 pages. v2: major reorganization; to appear in Geometry and Topology
Production of γγ+ 2jets from double parton scattering in proton-proton collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Tao, Junquan
name: Zhang, Sijing
name: Shen, Yuqiao
name: Fan, Jiawei
name: Chen, Guoming
name: Chen, Hesheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross sections for the production of pairs of photons plus two additional jets produced from double parton scattering in high-energy proton-proton collisions at the LHC are calculated for the first time. The estimates are based on the theoretical perturbative QCD predictions for the productions of γγat next-to-next-to-leading-order, jet + jet and γ+ jet at next-to-leading-order, for their corresponding single-scattering cross sections. The cross sections and expected event rates for γγ+ 2 jets from double parton scattering, after typical acceptance and selections, are given for proton-proton collisions with the center-of-mass energies of 13 TeV and an integrated luminosity of 100 fb-1 planned for the following two years, and also center-of-mass energies of 14 TeV with 3000 fb-1 of integrated luminosity as LHC designed.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures and 3 tables
(401608) Robert [Cannon] Thallon
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Anillin-mediated Targeting of Peanut to Pseudocleavage Furrows Is Regulated by the GTPase Ran
Creators: name: Wilde, Andrew
name: Silverman-Gavrila, Rosalind V.
name: Hales, Karen G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: During early development in Drosophila, pseudocleavage furrows in the syncytial embryo prevent contact between neighboring spindles, thereby ensuring proper chromosome segregation. Here we demonstrate that the GTPase Ran regulates pseudocleavage furrow organization. Ran can exert control on pseudocleavage furrows independently of its role in regulating the microtubule cytoskeleton. Disruption of the Ran pathway prevented pseudocleavage furrow formation and restricted the depth and duration of furrow ingression of those pseudocleavage furrows that did form. We found that Ran was required for the localization of the septin Peanut to the pseudocleavage furrow, but not anillin or actin. Biochemical assays revealed that the direct binding of the nuclear transport receptors importin α and β to anillin prevented the binding of Peanut to anillin. Furthermore, RanGTP reversed the inhibitory action of importin α and β. On expression of a mutant form of anillin that lacked an importin α and β binding site, inhibition of Ran no longer restricted the depth and duration of furrow ingression in those pseudocleavage furrows that formed. These data suggest that anillin and Peanut are involved in pseudocleavage furrow ingression in syncytial embryos and that this process is regulated by Ran.
Additional file 1 of Egyptian paediatric kidney transplantation pre-transplant guidance highlights on donor and recipient assessment (R. N. 364)
Creators: name: Moustafa, Bahia
name: Soliman, Neveen A.
name: Badr, Ahmed
name: EL-Hatw, Mohamad K.
name: Mogahed, Engy A.
name: Ghamrawy, Mona El
name: Shaheen, Noha
name: ElKhashab, Khaled M.
name: Shouman, Mohamed G.
name: Selim, Abeer
name: Moselhy, Sawsan
name: Sallam, Dina E.
name: El-Sharkawy, Magdy
name: AbdelAzim, Tarek A.
name: Esmat, Mohamad
name: Soliman, Nanies
name: Baraka, Mostafa
name: Ali-El-Dein, Bedeir
name: Elhadedy, Muhammed Ahmed
name: Ghoneim, Moatasem Elsayed
name: Korkor, Mai S.
name: Omar, Tarek
name: Amer, Yasser S.
name: Baky, Ashraf Abdel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Summary of Recommendations. Supplementary tables: Table 10. Stanford Integrated for Transplant (SIPAT). Table 11. Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]. Table 12. Guidelines for Deferment from Transplant List
On the classical description of the recombination of dark matter particles with a Coulomb-like interaction
Creators: name: Belotsky, K. M.
name: Esipova, E. A.
name: Kirillov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cold dark matter (DM) scenario may be cured of several problems by involving self-interaction of dark matter. Viability of the models of long-range interacting DM crucially depends on the effectiveness of recombination of the DM particles, making thereby their interaction short-range. Usually in numeric calculations, recombination is described by cross section obtained on a feasible quantum level. However in a wide range of parameter values, a classical treatment, where the particles are bound due to dipole radiation, is applicable. The cross sections, obtained in both approaches, are very different and lead to diverse consequences. Classical cross section has a steeper dependence on relative velocity, what leads to the fact that, after decoupling of DM particles from thermal background of "dark photons" (carriers of DM long-range interaction), recombination process does not "freeze out", diminishing gradually density of unbound DM particles. Our simplified estimates show, that at the taken parameter values (the mass of DM particle is $100$ GeV, interaction constant is $100^{-1}$, and quite natural assumptions on initial conditions, from which the result is very weakly dependent) the difference in residual density reaches about $5$ orders of magnitude on pre-galactic stage. This estimate takes into account thermal effects induced by dipole radiation and recombination, which resulted in the increase of both temperature and density of DM particles by a half order of magnitude.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. V3 has tiny corrections, matches published version
Assembly and Misassembly of Cystic Fibrosis Transmembrane Conductance Regulator: Folding Defects Caused by Deletion of F508 Occur Before and After the Calnexin-dependent Association of Membrane Spanning Domain (MSD) 1 and MSD2
Creators: name: Chen, Liling
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Rosser, Meredith F.N.
name: Grove, Diane E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) is a polytopic membrane protein that functions as a Cl− channel and consists of two membrane spanning domains (MSDs), two cytosolic nucleotide binding domains (NBDs), and a cytosolic regulatory domain. Cytosolic 70-kDa heat shock protein (Hsp70), and endoplasmic reticulum-localized calnexin are chaperones that facilitate CFTR biogenesis. Hsp70 functions in both the cotranslational folding and posttranslational degradation of CFTR. Yet, the mechanism for calnexin action in folding and quality control of CFTR is not clear. Investigation of this question revealed that calnexin is not essential for CFTR or CFTRΔF508 degradation. We identified a dependence on calnexin for proper assembly of CFTR's membrane spanning domains. Interestingly, efficient folding of NBD2 was also found to be dependent upon calnexin binding to CFTR. Furthermore, we identified folding defects caused by deletion of F508 that occurred before and after the calnexin-dependent association of MSD1 and MSD2. Early folding defects are evident upon translation of the NBD1 and R-domain and are sensed by the RMA-1 ubiquitin ligase complex.
Ultra-diffuse cluster galaxies as key to the MOND cluster conundrum
Creators: name: Milgrom, Mordehai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MOND reduces greatly the mass discrepancy in clusters of galaxies, but does leave a consistent global discrepancy of about a factor of two. It has been proposed, within the minimalist and purist MOND, that clusters harbor some indigenous, yet-undetected, cluster baryonic (dark) matter (CBDM). Its total amount has to be comparable with that of the observed hot gas. Following an initial discovery by van Dokkum & al. (2015a), Koda & al. (2015) have recently identified more than a thousand ultra-diffuse galaxy-like objects (UDGs) in the Coma cluster. Robustness of the UDGs to tidal disruption seems to require, within Newtonian dynamics, that they are much more massive than their observed stellar component. Here, I propound that a considerable fraction of the CBDM is internal to UDGs, which endows them with robustness. The rest of the CBDM objects formed in now-disrupted kin of the UDGs, and is dispersed in the intracluster medium. While the discovery of cluster UDGs is not in itself a resolution of the MOND cluster conundrum, it lends greater qualitative plausibility to CBDM as its resolution, for reasons I discuss. Alternatively, if the UDGs are only now falling into Coma, their large size and very low surface brightness could result from the adiabatic inflation due to the MOND external-field effect, as described in Brada & Milgrom (2000). I also consider briefly solutions to the conundrum that invoke more elaborate extensions of purist MOND, e.g., that in clusters, the MOND constant takes up larger-than-canonical values of the MOND constant.
description: 14 pages, Mon. Not. Roy. Astron. Soc. in press
Gp78 Cooperates with RMA1 in Endoplasmic Reticulum-associated Degradation of CFTR F508
Creators: name: Hirao, Kazuyoshi
name: Hosokawa, Nobuko
name: Iwai, Kazuhiro
name: Oda, Yukako
name: Nagata, Kazuhiro
name: Tanaka, Keiji
name: Morito, Daisuke
name: Cyr, Douglas M.
name: Tokunaga, Fuminori
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Misfolded or improperly assembled proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) are exported into the cytosol and degraded via the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway, a process termed ER-associated degradation (ERAD). Saccharomyces cerevisiae Hrd1p/Der3p is an ER membrane-spanning ubiquitin ligase that participates in ERAD of the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) when CFTR is exogenously expressed in yeast cells. Two mammalian orthologues of yeast Hrd1p/Der3p, gp78 and HRD1, have been reported. Here, we demonstrate that gp78, but not HRD1, participates in ERAD of the CFTR mutant CFTRΔF508, by specifically promoting ubiquitylation of CFTRΔF508. Domain swapping experiments and deletion analysis revealed that gp78 binds to CFTRΔF508 through its ubiquitin binding region, the so-called coupling of ubiquitin to ER degradation (CUE) domain. Gp78 polyubiquitylated in vitro an N-terminal ubiquitin-glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-fusion protein, but not GST alone. This suggests that gp78 recognizes the ubiquitin that is already conjugated to CFTRΔF508 and catalyzes further polyubiquitylation of CFTRΔF508 in a manner similar to that of a multiubiquitin chain assembly factor (E4). Furthermore, we revealed by small interfering RNA methods that the ubiquitin ligase RMA1 functioned as an E3 enzyme upstream of gp78. Our data demonstrates that gp78 cooperates with RMA1 with E4-like activity in the ERAD of CFTRΔF508.
(401604) Alfred Edward
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The AP-2 Adaptor  2 Appendage Scaffolds Alternate Cargo Endocytosis
Creators: name: Erkan, Elif
name: Everett, Eric T.
name: Keyel, Peter A.
name: Heuser, John E.
name: Roth, Robyn
name: Thieman, James R.
name: Traub, Linton M.
name: Watkins, Simon C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The independently folded appendages of the large α and β2 subunits of the endocytic adaptor protein (AP)-2 complex coordinate proper assembly and operation of endocytic components during clathrin-mediated endocytosis. The β2 subunit appendage contains a common binding site for β-arrestin or the autosomal recessive hypercholesterolemia (ARH) protein. To determine the importance of this interaction surface in living cells, we used small interfering RNA-based gene silencing. The effect of extinguishing β2 subunit expression on the internalization of transferrin is considerably weaker than an AP-2 α subunit knockdown. We show the mild sorting defect is due to fortuitous substitution of the β2 chain with the closely related endogenous β1 subunit of the AP-1 adaptor complex. Simultaneous silencing of both β1 and β2 subunit transcripts recapitulates the strong α subunit RNA interference (RNAi) phenotype and results in loss of ARH from endocytic clathrin coats. An RNAi-insensitive β2-yellow fluorescent protein (YFP) expressed in the β1 + β2-silenced background restores cellular AP-2 levels, robust transferrin internalization, and ARH colocalization with cell surface clathrin. The importance of the β appendage platform subdomain over clathrin for precise deposition of ARH at clathrin assembly zones is revealed by a β2-YFP with a disrupted ARH binding interface, which does not restore ARH colocalization with clathrin. We also show a β-arrestin 1 mutant, which engages coated structures in the absence of any G protein-coupled receptor stimulation, colocalizes with β2-YFP and clathrin even in the absence of an operational clathrin binding sequence. These findings argue against ARH and β-arrestin binding to a site upon the β2 appendage platform that is later obstructed by polymerized clathrin. We conclude that ARH and β-arrestin depend on a privileged β2 appendage site for proper cargo recruitment to clathrin bud sites.
Enhanced Casimir effect for doped graphene
Creators: name: Bordag, M.
name: Fialkovsky, I.
name: Vassilevich, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the Casimir interaction of doped graphene. To this end we derive a simple expression for the finite temperature polarization tensor with a chemical potential. It is found that doping leads to a strong enhancement of the Casimir force reaching almost $60\%$ in quite realistic situations. This result should be important for planning and interpreting the Casimir measurements, especially taking into account that the Casimir interaction of undoped graphene is rather weak.
description: Published version with misprints corrected, 5 pages, 3 figures
The Sac1 Phosphoinositide Phosphatase Regulates Golgi Membrane Morphology and Mitotic Spindle Organization in Mammals
Creators: name: Liu, Yang
name: Tribble, Emily
name: Morin-Kensicki, Elizabeth
name: Bankaitis, Vytas A.
name: Bear, James E.
name: Uetrecht, Andrea
name: Boukhelifa, Malika
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Phosphoinositides (PIPs) are ubiquitous regulators of signal transduction events in eukaryotic cells. PIPs are degraded by various enzymes, including PIP phosphatases. The integral membrane Sac1 phosphatases represent a major class of such enzymes. The central role of lipid phosphatases in regulating PIP homeostasis notwithstanding, the biological functions of Sac1-phosphatases remain poorly characterized. Herein, we demonstrate that functional ablation of the single murine Sac1 results in preimplantation lethality in the mouse and that Sac1 insufficiencies result in disorganization of mammalian Golgi membranes and mitotic defects characterized by multiple mechanically active spindles. Complementation experiments demonstrate mutant mammalian Sac1 proteins individually defective in either phosphoinositide phosphatase activity, or in recycling of the enzyme from the Golgi system back to the endoplasmic reticulum, are nonfunctional proteins in vivo. The data indicate Sac1 executes an essential household function in mammals that involves organization of both Golgi membranes and mitotic spindles and that both enzymatic activity and endoplasmic reticulum localization are important Sac1 functional properties.
Qualitätssicherung im Review-Prozess zwischen Anspruch und Erfahrung: Das Projekt EQUAP2
Creators: name: Neumann, Robert
name: Bellanger, Silke
name: Verdicchio, Dirk
name: Von Hermanni, Hagen
name: Erfurth, Marcel
name: Hartwig, Josephine
name: Wohlgemuth, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Quality Assurance Process
Scholarly Publishing
Review Prozess
Publishing Houses

description: Begutachtung und Auswahl gehören neben der Veröffentlichung und Wissensverbreitung zu den zentralen Beiträgen von Fachzeitschriften zur wissenschaftlichen Kommunikation. Die Prozesse der Qualitätssicherung sind zudem mit nachgelagerten Mechanismen der Evaluation und Bewertung wissenschaftlicher Leistung verbunden. Im Rahmen der institutionellen Finanzierung von Publikationen wächst an Bibliotheken und Forschungseinrichtungen die Sensibilität für derartige Zusammenhänge. Was aber zeichnet vorbildliche Reviewverfahren aus und entlang welcher Merkmale lassen sich dysfunktionale Prozesse identifizieren? Diese zentrale Frage lässt sich nicht auf Basis quantitativer Qualitätsproxys beantworten. Aus diesem Grund konzipierte eine Projektgruppe von Mitarbeitenden aus verschiedenen Bibliotheken und Sozialwissenschaftlern der TU Dresden einen Onlinesurvey, der sich an Forschende richtet. Diese Forschenden sind in ganz verschiedenen Rollen als Autoren, Reviewende oder Herausgeberinnen von Zeitschriften im Reviewprozess eingebunden. Der Survey erlaubt es, die entsprechenden Erwartungen und Erfahrungen gegenüberzustellen und über etwaige Diskrepanzen Rückschlüsse auf die Wertigkeit der Reviewprozesse zu ziehen. Das Projekt lebt auf ganz verschiedenen Ebenen das Tagungsthema „Kollaboration“ und wird diesen Anspruch über einen zweigeteilten Vortrag entsprechen: Im ersten Teil steht die gelungene Zusammenarbeit über Länder-, Institutionen- und Disziplingrenzen hinweg der am Projekt beteiligten Akteure im Fokus. Hervorzuheben ist an dieser Stelle auch die Finanzierung des Surveys durch die beteiligten Projektpartner. Diese Finanzierung ermöglicht eine Öffnung für weitere interessierte Einrichtungen, die ihren Forschenden eine Teilnahme am Survey ermöglichen können. Im zweiten Teil des Vortrages stehen die Inhalte des Survey im Fokus. Neben der Vorstellung der zentralen Ergebnisse hinsichtlich des Soll-Ist-Vergleichs der Qualitätssicherung in Peer-Review Prozessen erfolgt die Präsentation eines experimentellen Survey-Experiments, das die Komplexität von Review- und Entscheidungsprozessen aufgreift und situations- wie befragtenspezifische Rückschlüsse auf die Erwartungen und Erfahrungen der Forschenden erlaubt.
description: The EQUAP2 project is supported by a network of Swiss libraries and libraries of the TU9 ( https://www.slub-dresden.de/ueber-uns/projekte/evaluating-the-quality-assurance-process-in-scholarly-publishing-equap2).