cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pressure-driven wrinkling of soft inner-lined tubes
Creators: name: Foster, Benjamin
name: Verschueren, Nicolás
name: Knobloch, Edgar
name: Gordillo, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wrinkling of an inextensible elastic lining of an inner-lined tube under imposed pressure is considered. A simple equation modeling the elastic properties of the lining, the pressure, and the soft-substrate forces is derived. This equation aims to capture the wrinkling response of arterial endothelium to blood pressure changes. Numerical continuation is used to construct a bifurcation diagram as a function of the imposed pressure for in-plane deformations, in excellent agreement with weakly nonlinear theory, which we also develop. Our approach explains how the wavelength and amplitude of the wrinkles are selected as a function of the parameters in compressed wrinkling systems and shows how localized folds and mixed-mode states form in secondary bifurcations from wrinkled states.
p-adic elliptic polylogarithm, p-adic Eisenstein series and Katz measure
Creators: name: Bannai, Kenichi
name: Kings, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The specializations of the motivic elliptic polylog are called motivic Eisenstein classes. For applications to special values of L-Functions, it is important to compute the realizations of these classes. In this paper, we prove that the syntomic realization of the motivic Eisenstein classes, restricted to the ordinary locus of the modular curve, may be expressed using p-adic Eisenstein-Kronecker series. These p-adic modular forms are defined using the two-variable p-adic measure with values in p-adic modular forms constructed by Katz.
description: 40 pages
The discrepancy in G-band contrast: Where is the quiet Sun?
Creators: name: Uitenbroek, Han
name: Tritschler, Alexandra
name: Rimmele, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the rms contrast in observed speckle reconstructed G-band images with synthetic filtergrams computed from two magneto-hydrodynamic simulation snapshots. The observations consist of 103 bursts of 80 frames each taken at the Dunn Solar Telescope (DST), sampled at twice the diffraction limit of the telescope. The speckle reconstructions account for the performance of the Adaptive Optics (AO) system at the DST to supply reliable photometry. We find a considerable discrepancy in the observed rms contrast of 14.1% for the best reconstructed images, and the synthetic rms contrast of 21.5% in a simulation snapshot thought to be representative of the quiet Sun. The areas of features in the synthetic filtergrams that have positive or negative contrast beyond the minimum and maximum values in the reconstructed images have spatial scales that should be resolved. This leads us to conclude that there are fundamental differences in the rms G-band contrast between observed and computed filtergrams. On the basis of the substantially reduced granular contrast of 16.3% in the synthetic plage filtergram we speculate that the quiet-Sun may contain more weak magnetic field than previously thought.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Scalable algorithms for semiparametric accelerated failure time models in high dimensions
Creators: name: Suder, Piotr M.
name: Molstad, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Semiparametric accelerated failure time (AFT) models are a useful alternative to Cox proportional hazards models, especially when the assumption of constant hazard ratios is untenable. However, rank-based criteria for fitting AFT models are often non-differentiable, which poses a computational challenge in high-dimensional settings. In this article, we propose a new alternating direction method of multipliers algorithm for fitting semiparametric AFT models by minimizing a penalized rank-based loss function. Our algorithm scales well in both the number of subjects and number of predictors; and can easily accommodate a wide range of popular penalties. To improve the selection of tuning parameters, we propose a new criterion which avoids some common problems in cross-validation with censored responses. Through extensive simulation studies, we show that our algorithm and software is much faster than existing methods (which can only be applied to special cases), and we show that estimators which minimize a penalized rank-based criterion often outperform alternative estimators which minimize penalized weighted least squares criteria. Application to nine cancer datasets further demonstrates that rank-based estimators of semiparametric AFT models are competitive with estimators assuming proportional hazards model in high-dimensional settings, whereas weighted least squares estimators are often not. A software package implementing the algorithm, along with a set of auxiliary functions, is available for download at github.com/ajmolstad/penAFT.
description: Version accepted for publication by Statistics in Medicine
Three- and four-jet final states in photoproduction at HERA
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
name: Chekanov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Three- and four-jet final states have been measured in photoproduction at HERA using the ZEUS detector with an integrated luminosity of 121 pb^-1. The results are presented for jets with transverse energy E_T^jet>6 GeV and pseudorapidity |eta^jet|<2.4, in the kinematic region given by the virtuality of the photon Q^2<1 GeV^2 and the inelasticity 0.250 GeV, where M_nj is the invariant mass of the n-jet system. The four-jet photoproduction cross section has been measured for the first time and represents the highest-order process studied at HERA. Both the three- and four-jet cross sections have been compared with leading-logarithmic parton-shower Monte Carlo models, with and without multi-parton interactions. The three-jet cross sections have been compared to an order(alpha alpha_s^2) perturbative QCD calculation.
description: 50 pages, 15 figures, 22 tables, submitted to Nucl. Phys. B
Establishing hedgerows - Zakładanie żywopłotu
Creators: name: Górski Jarosław
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: hedgerows
planting
species
żywopłot
sadzenie
gatunki drzew i krzewów na żywopłoty

description: Zasadniczym zadaniem żywopłotów, jak wynika z ich nazwy, jest tworzenie żywego, zwartego ogrodzenia, zastępującego płoty, parkany i mury. Bronią więc one dostępu nieproszonym gościom – ludziom i zwierzętom, chronią przed kurzem, osłabiają siłę wiatrów wysuszających glebę. Wpływają korzystnie na mikroklimat, zapobiegają tworzeniu się zasp śnieżnych przy drogach i torach kolejowych, zasłaniają szpecące otoczenie, śmietniki, komposty. Nie można również pominąć ich wartości zdobniczych, jako żywych elementów naszych ogrodów, parków i zieleńców.
Ze względu na konkretne zadania żywopłotów, rośliny żywopłotowe muszą spełniać określone wymogi w stosunku do specyficznej uprawy jaką jest żywopłot.
ResearchGate and Google Scholar: How much do they differ in publications, citations and different metrics and why?
Creators: name: Singh, Vivek Kumar
name: Srichandan, Satya Swarup
name: Lathabai, Hiran H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: ResearchGate has emerged as a popular professional network for scientists and researchers in a very short span of time. Similar to Google Scholar, the ResearchGate indexing uses an automatic crawling algorithm that extracts bibliographic data, citations and other information about scholarly articles from various sources. However, it has been observed that the two platforms often show different publication and citation data for the same institutions, journals and authors. This paper, therefore, attempts to analyse and measure the differences in publication counts, citations and different metrics of the two platforms for a large data set of highly cited authors. The results indicate that there are significantly high differences in publication counts and citations for the same authors in the two platforms, with Google Scholar having higher counts for a vast majority of the cases. The different metrics computed by the two platforms also differ in their values, showing different degrees of correlations. The coverage policy, indexing errors, author attribution mechanism and strategy to deal with predatory publishing are found to be the main probable reasons for the differences in the two platforms.
description: Pre-print
The IceCube Pie Chart: Relative Source Contributions to the Cosmic Neutrino Flux
Creators: name: Bartos, I.
name: Veske, D.
name: Kowalski, M.
name: Marka, Z.
name: Marka, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino events from IceCube have recently been associated with multiple astrophysical sources. Interestingly, these likely detections represent three distinct astrophysical source types: active galactic nuclei (AGN), blazars, and tidal disruption events (TDE). Here we compute the expected contributions of AGNs, blazars and TDEs to the overall cosmic neutrino flux detected by IceCube based on the associated events, IceCube's sensitivity, and the source types' astrophysical properties. We find that, despite being the most commonly identified sources, blazars cannot contribute more than 11% of the total flux (90% credible level), consistent with existing limits from stacked searches. On the other hand, we find that either AGNs or TDEs could contribute more than 50% of the total flux (90% credible level), although stacked searches further limit the TDE contribution to $\lesssim 30%$. We also find that so-far unknown source types contribute at least 10% of the total cosmic flux with a probability of 80%. We assemble a pie chart that shows the most likely fractional contribution of each source type to IceCube's total neutrino flux.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables. Published in ApJ
Fundamental Limits to Position Determination by Concentration Gradients
Creators: name: Tostevin, Filipe
name: Wolde, Pieter Rein ten
name: Howard, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Position determination in biological systems is often achieved through protein concentration gradients. Measuring the local concentration of such a protein with a spatially-varying distribution allows the measurement of position within the system. In order for these systems to work effectively, position determination must be robust to noise. Here, we calculate fundamental limits to the precision of position determination by concentration gradients due to unavoidable biochemical noise perturbing the gradients. We focus on gradient proteins with first order reaction kinetics. Systems of this type have been experimentally characterised in both developmental and cell biology settings. For a single gradient we show that, through time-averaging, great precision can potentially be achieved even with very low protein copy numbers. As a second example, we investigate the ability of a system with oppositely directed gradients to find its centre. With this mechanism, positional precision close to the centre improves more slowly with increasing averaging time, and so longer averaging times or higher copy numbers are required for high precision. For both single and double gradients, we demonstrate the existence of optimal length scales for the gradients, where precision is maximized, as well as analyzing how precision depends on the size of the concentration measuring apparatus. Our results provide fundamental constraints on the positional precision supplied by concentration gradients in various contexts, including both in developmental biology and also within a single cell.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Publish Review Curate Science Communication
Creators: name: Korzec, Kora
name: Ahearn, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: publish
review
curate
PRC
science communication

description: Preprints, once marginalized in all but a few disciplines, are now flourishing in traditionally resistant fields. Researchers across regions and disciplines are demanding shorter and shorter review times on work that’s ever more timely. An emergent model, often described as Publish, Review, Curate (PRC), is shifting the Overton window on what constitutes a valuable contribution to knowledge and presents a chance to change course towards a system that’s more open, flexible, and resistant to the corporatization of knowledge. But there are challenges. This poster aims to invite conference attendees into a discussion about the barriers and hesitations they face to publishing in a more open, collaborative manner. The feedback gathered in these conversations is vital to ensuring that processes and infrastructures developed by groups such as PREReview, Peer Community In…, Sciety, and the Knowledge Futures Group are aligned with researcher goals and address their needs.
Stress Tensor from the Trace Anomaly in Reissner-Nordstrom Spacetimes
Creators: name: Anderson, Paul R.
name: Mottola, Emil
name: Vaulin, Ruslan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effective action associated with the trace anomaly provides a general algorithm for approximating the expectation value of the stress tensor of conformal matter fields in arbitrary curved spacetimes. In static, spherically symmetric spacetimes, the algorithm involves solving a fourth order linear differential equation in the radial coordinate r for the two scalar auxiliary fields appearing in the anomaly action, and its corresponding stress tensor. By appropriate choice of the homogeneous solutions of the auxiliary field equations, we show that it is possible to obtain finite stress tensors on all Reissner-Nordstrom event horizons, including the extreme Q=M case. We compare these finite results to previous analytic approximation methods, which yield invariably an infinite stress-energy on charged black hole horizons, as well as with detailed numerical calculations that indicate the contrary. The approximation scheme based on the auxiliary field effective action reproduces all physically allowed behaviors of the quantum stress tensor, in a variety of quantum states, for fields of any spin, in the vicinity of the entire family (0 le Q le M) of RN horizons.
description: 43 pages, 12 figures
Schrödinger encounters Fisher and Rao: a survey
Creators: name: Monsaingeon, Léonard
name: Vorotnikov, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this short note we review the dynamical Schrödinger problem on the non-commutative Fisher-Rao space of positive semi-definite matrix-valued measures. The presentation is meant to be self-contained, and we discuss in particular connections with Gaussian optimal transport, entropy, and quantum Fisher information.
title: EFTF AusLAMP Activity Information
Creators: name: M., Sweeney
name: M., Sweeney
name: A., Hitchman
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: EFTF
subject: Exploring for the Future
subject: DCD
subject: Australian Resources Framework, Barkly Isa Georgetown
subject: AusArray
subject: Queensland
subject: Magnetotelluric
subject: fact sheet
subject: activity notice
subject: Published_External

description: Geoscience Australia, in collaboration with state government agencies, has been collecting magnetotelluric (MT) data as part of the Australian Lithospheric Architecture Magnetotelluric Project (AusLAMP) for several years. This program aims to map the electrical resistivity of the rock layers, at depths from ten kilometres to hundreds of kilometres, across the entire continent. AusLAMP sites are each about 55 km apart from each other. Locations are chosen in consultation with landholders and other stakeholders to minimise impacts and avoid disturbance.MT data is collected using sensors that record naturally occurring variations of the Earth’s magnetic and electric fields. The equipment does not produce or transmit and signals. After four to six weeks the equipment is retrieved and the site restored to its original condition.
A Mindlin finite strip for the analysis of rectangular containers and continuous plates with elastically restrained supports
Creators: name: Canisius, Tantirimudalige Don Gerard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: A first order shear deformable finite strip with support displacements is introduced. Both nonlinear geometric effects and initial deflections may be considered. Support displacements are introduced by the use of a set of basis functions for support degrees of freedom. Each basis function is obtained by the solution of a Timoshenko beam under a unit displacement of the respective support degree of freedom. They are combined with the standard beam functions. The new finite strip can be applied to the analysis of rectangular containers and continuous plates with elastically restrained supports. The elastic restraints are introduced with independent springs acting along supports and nodal lines. The finite strip is extended to the analysis of unsymmetrically laminated clamped composite plates by the definition of equivalent elasticity modulii to find the basis functions. The new finite strip is used in the analysis of rectangular containers. It is shown that compressive horizontal forces exist in the walls of flexible containers filled with a liquid. This can only be predicted by the simultaneous consideration of the movement of the wall corners and the geometric nonlinearities, as can be done with the present model. A 'mode transition finite strip' which has unequal numbers of modes in the nodal lines is introduced. It can be used to economize the finite strip analysis of plates with loads that need a large number of modes, but spread only across a few of the strips. Also a study of the determination of transverse shear stresses by the use of the equilibrium equations and the displacement solution is made, resulting in some important and interesting observations.
title: Upper Darling River Floodplain AEM Activity Notice
Creators: name: M., Sweeney
name: I., Roach
name: M., Sweeney
name: S., Hostetler
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: EFTF
subject: Exploring for the Future
subject: DCD
subject: Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian
subject: Upper Darling River Floodplain
subject: Curnamona
subject: Broken Hill
subject: geophysics
subject: groundwater
subject: hydrogeology
subject: fact sheet
subject: activity notice
subject: Published_External

description: The Upper Darling Floodplain AEM Survey is part of the Exploring for the Future Program. This scientific research is being carried out to obtain data that will enhance understanding of the groundwater resources of the upper Darling River region. This information will support future water resource management decision-making in the region.
title: Upper Darling River Floodplain Project Factsheet
Creators: name: M., Sweeney
name: M., Sweeney
name: S., Hostetler
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: EFTF
subject: Exploring for the Future
subject: DCD
subject: Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian
subject: Upper Darling River Floodplain
subject: Curnamona
subject: Broken Hill
subject: geophysics
subject: groundwater
subject: hydrogeology
subject: fact sheet
subject: activity notice
subject: Published_External

description: As part of the program, the Darling-Curnamona-Delamerian project is investigating the groundwater potential of the upper Darling River floodplain, as well as the mineral and groundwater potential of parts of eastern South Australia, western New South Wales, western Victoria and western Tasmania. Communities, industries and the environment in the upper Darling River region have been impacted by recent droughts. During periods of low flow in the Darling River, groundwater has the potential to be an alternative water source for towns, agriculture and mining. The aim of the Upper Darling River Floodplain Groundwater study is to identify and better understand groundwater supplies beneath the floodplain and its surrounds. When combined with innovative water storage options, these groundwater resources could provide enhanced drought security and promote regional development. The study area covers ~31,000 km2 and includes a 450 km stretch of the Darling River floodplain from Wilcannia upstream to Bourke and Brewarrina.
d-Wave Pairing State in Terms of the Zhang-Rice Singlets
Creators: name: Tanaka, Akinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cuprate superconductors doping is believed to create holes on the O-sites, which couple antiferromagnetically with holes on the Cu-sites to form the so-called Zhang-Rice singlets. Here we study a d-wave pairing state based on the Zhang-Rice singlet states. Upper and lower bounds of an off-diagonal long-range order parameter with d-wave symmetry for this state are estimated. We also introduce a concrete model with on-site Coulomb repulsion and kinds of antiferromagnetic interactions whose ground state is this d-wave pairing state.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures;In Verson 2, section 'Summary and Remarks' has been added, typos have been corrected, and some minor changes have been made
title: EFTF AusArray Activity Information
Creators: name: M., Sweeney
name: M., Sweeney
name: A., Gorbatov
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: EARTH SCIENCES
subject: EFTF
subject: Exploring for the Future
subject: DCD
subject: Australian Resources Framework
subject: AusArray
subject: National
subject: Passive seismic
subject: fact sheet
subject: activity notice
subject: Published_External

description: The AusArray program aims to install small temporary passive seismic stations every 200 km across Australia. The seismic stations will passively measure small natural vibrations that travel through the Earth to help scientists understand the distribution and composition of rocks beneath the ground. Seismometers are sensitive instruments used to measure small natural vibrations that travel through the Earth caused by earthquakes, waves breaking on the shore and even wind. The data collected are analysed to create a three-dimensional model of the Earth’s subsurface. Passive seismic data can be used to model the Earth‘s structure, which is used to infer the geological history and assess the resource potential and natural hazards of the region.
Dynamic Bayesian networks
Creators: name: Horsch, Michael C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Given the complexity of the domains for which we would like to use computers as reasoning engines, an automated reasoning process will often be required to perform under some state of uncertainty. Probability provides a normative theory with which uncertainty can be modelled. Without assumptions of independence from the domain, naive computations of probability are intractible. If probability theory is to be used effectively in AI applications, the independence assumptions from the domain should be represented explicitly, and used to greatest possible advantage. One such representation is a class of mathematical structures called Bayesian networks. This thesis presents a framework for dynamically constructing and evaluating Bayesian networks. In particular, this thesis investigates the issue of representing probabilistic knowledge which has been abstracted from particular individuals to which this knowledge may apply, resulting in a simple representation language. This language makes the independence assumptions for a domain explicit. A simple procedure is provided for building networks from knowledge expressed in this language. The mapping between the knowledge base and network created is precisely defined, so that the network always represents a consistent probability distribution. Finally, this thesis investigates the issue of modifying the network after some evaluation has taken place, and several techniques for correcting the state of the resulting model are derived.
Types of quantum information
Creators: name: Griffiths, Robert B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum, in contrast to classical, information theory, allows for different incompatible types (or species) of information which cannot be combined with each other. Distinguishing these incompatible types is useful in understanding the role of the two classical bits in teleportation (or one bit in one-bit teleportation), for discussing decoherence in information-theoretic terms, and for giving a proper definition, in quantum terms, of ``classical information.'' Various examples (some updating earlier work) are given of theorems which relate different incompatible kinds of information, and thus have no counterparts in classical information theory.
description: Minor changes so as to agree with published version
Classical Love for Quantum Blackholes
Creators: name: Brustein, Ram
name: Sherf, Yotam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for comparing the classical and quantum calculations of the electric quadrupolar Love number $k_2$ and show that our previous derivation of the quantum Love number of a quantum blackhole matches exactly the classical calculation of $k_2$ when quantum expectation values are replaced by the corresponding classical quantities, as dictated by the Bohr correspondence principle. The standard derivation of $k_2$ for classical relativistic stars relies on fixing boundary conditions on the surface of the star for the Einstein equations in the presence of an external perturbing field. An alternative method for calculating $k_2$ uses properties of the spectrum of the non-relativistic fluid modes of the star. We adopt this alternative method and use it to derive an effective description of the interior modes in terms of a collection of driven harmonic oscillators characterized by different frequencies and amplitudes. We compare these two classical methods and find that most of the interior information can be integrated out, reducing the problem of calculating $k_2$ to fixing a single boundary condition for the perturbed Einstein equations on the surface of the deformed star. We then determine this single boundary condition in terms of the spectrum of the object and proceed to identify the relationship between classical quantities and quantum expectation values and to verify the agreement between the results of the effective classical calculation and the quantum calculation.
description: Replaced to agree with the published PRD version
Computing Grain Boundary Diagrams of Thermodynamic and Mechanical Properties
Creators: name: Hu, Chongze
name: Li, Yanwen
name: Yu, Zhiyang
name: Luo, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Computing the grain boundary (GB) counterparts to bulk phase diagrams represents an emerging research direction. Using a classical embrittlement model system Ga-doped Al alloy, this study demonstrates the feasibility of computing temperature- and composition-dependent GB diagrams to represent not only equilibrium thermodynamic and structural characters, but also mechanical properties. Specifically, hybrid Monte Carlo and molecular dynamics (MC/MD) simulations are used to obtain the equilibrium GB structure as a function of temperature and composition. Simulated GB structures are validated by aberration-corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy. Subsequently, MD tensile tests are performed on the simulated equilibrium GB structures. GB diagrams are computed for not only GB adsorption and structural disorder, but also interfacial structural and chemical widths, MD ultimate tensile strength, and MD tensile toughness. This study suggests a research direction to investigate GB composition-structure-property relationships via computing GB diagrams of thermodynamic, structural, and mechanical (or potentially other) properties.
Computation of determinants using contour integrals
Creators: name: Kirsten, Klaus
name: Loya, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown how the pre-exponential factor of the Feynman propagator for a large class of potentials can be computed using contour integrals. This is of direct relevance in the context of tunnelling processes in quantum theories. The prerequisites for this analysis are accessible to advanced undergraduate students and involve only introductory courses in ordinary differential equations and complex variables.
description: 15 pages, to appear in American Journal of Physics
Academic Development in the Managerial University: A Case of Peer Observation
Creators: name: Wingrove, Dallas
Publisher: name: RMIT University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 390303
subject: Higher education

description: The expectation to advance and demonstrate ‘quality’ in tertiary teaching presents complex challenges for contemporary universities, reflecting a shift in institutional strategy and practices to align with market-oriented agendas. This shift has generated tensions in the idea of ‘academic development’ as the process by which quality is enhanced/assured. These tensions are expressed through contested conceptions of the aims and scope of practices that constitute academic development. This PhD research is a case study that identifies and explores tensions between the different ways ‘academic development’ and ‘quality’ are conceived, enacted, and experienced in the contemporary managerial university context.
As ‘insider research,’ the study adopted and augmented Brookfield’s approach to critical reflection, integrating concepts from critical educational theory to shape an innovative conceptual framework and methodology that was used to explore a peer observation academic development program that ran in an Australian University between 2013 and 2017, called ‘Peer Partnerships.’
The case of Peer Partnerships illustrates the impact of the contemporary managerial context on the conceptualisation and practices of academic development, highlighting the contradictions between formative/developmental and summative approaches, correspondingly different conceptions of quality, and the significance of the socio-political context. The perspective of the program’s academic participants reflected and, in some instances, enacted these contradictions; however other experiences reported by participants also indicated the potential for academic development to empower academics’ sense of agency and community. While elements of the case study reflect the specific time and place in which Peer Partnerships occurred, there are findings of broader significance for any university seeking to develop its academic capability. These include the importance of clarity regarding the role and purposes of academic developers in processes of academic development.
The research contributes:
a) From the case study findings:
i. detailed knowledge of factors enabling and constraining the developmental aims of academic development in the contemporary institutional context; and
ii. knowledge of the contradictory impacts of competing conceptions of quality and their effect in shaping the field of academic development.
From the methodology, a novel approach to insider research that contextualises researcher positionality using both the perspectives of other actors, and a conceptual framework that positions the actors in the broader institutional context.
Capacity Gain from Two-Transmitter and Two-Receiver Cooperation
Creators: name: Ng, Chris T. K.
name: Jindal, Nihar
name: Goldsmith, Andrea J.
name: Mitra, Urbashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capacity improvement from transmitter and receiver cooperation is investigated in a two-transmitter, two-receiver network with phase fading and full channel state information available at all terminals. The transmitters cooperate by first exchanging messages over an orthogonal transmitter cooperation channel, then encoding jointly with dirty paper coding. The receivers cooperate by using Wyner-Ziv compress-and-forward over an analogous orthogonal receiver cooperation channel. To account for the cost of cooperation, the allocation of network power and bandwidth among the data and cooperation channels is studied. It is shown that transmitter cooperation outperforms receiver cooperation and improves capacity over non-cooperative transmission under most operating conditions when the cooperation channel is strong. However, a weak cooperation channel limits the transmitter cooperation rate; in this case receiver cooperation is more advantageous. Transmitter-and-receiver cooperation offers sizable additional capacity gain over transmitter-only cooperation at low SNR, whereas at high SNR transmitter cooperation alone captures most of the cooperative capacity improvement.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Permafrost - An Alternative Target Material for Ultra High Energy Neutrino Detection?
Creators: name: Nahnhauer, R.
name: Rostovtsev, A. A.
name: Tosi, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of cosmic neutrinos with energies above 1017 eV got growing interest during recent years. Possible target materials for in-matter arrays of ~100 km3 size under discussion are water, ice and rock salt. Here we propose to investigate permafrost as an additional alternative, covering ~20% of Earth land surface and reaching down to more than 1000 m depth at certain locations. If sufficiently large attenuation lengths for radio and acoustic signals can be demonstrated by in-situ measurements, the construction of a large hybrid array within this material may be possible in the Northern hemisphere. Properties and problems of a possible location in Siberia are discussed below. Some acoustic data are compared to laboratory measurements using "artificial" permafrost.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
On Landau--Ginzburg models for Fano varieties
Creators: name: Przyjalkowski, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J30, 14J45, 14N35, 14N10, 14M25

description: We observe a method for finding weak Landau-Ginzburg models for Fano varieties and find them for smooth Fano threefolds of genera 9, 10, and 12.
description: 11 pages; misprint in the Landau--Ginzburg model for V_{16} is corrected
Twisted Traces and Positive Forms on Generalized $q$-Weyl Algebras
Creators: name: Klyuev, Daniil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let ${\mathcal A}$ be a generalized $q$-Weyl algebra, it is generated by $u$, $v$, $Z$, $Z^{-1}$ with relations $ZuZ^{-1}=q^2u$, $ZvZ^{-1}=q^{-2}v$, $uv=P\big(q^{-1}Z\big)$, $vu=P(qZ)$, where $P$ is a Laurent polynomial. A Hermitian form $(\cdot,\cdot)$ on ${\mathcal A}$ is called invariant if $(Za,b)=\big(a,bZ^{-1}\big)$, $(ua,b)=(a,sbv)$, $(va,b)=\big(a,s^{-1}bu\big)$ for some $s\in {\mathbb C}$ with $|s|=1$ and all $a,b\in {\mathcal A}$. In this paper we classify positive definite invariant Hermitian forms on generalized $q$-Weyl algebras.
The space of density states in geometrical quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Clemente-Gallardo, J.
name: Marmo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a geometrical description of the space of density states of a quantum system of finite dimension. After presenting a brief summary of the geometrical formulation of Quantum Mechanics, we proceed to describe the space of density states $\D(\Hil)$ from a geometrical perspective identifying the stratification associated to the natural $GL(\Hil)$--action on $\D(\Hil)$ and some of its properties. We apply this construction to the cases of quantum systems of two and three levels.
description: Amslatex, 18 pages, 4 figures
Time Series Forecasting via Learning Convolutionally Low-Rank Models
Creators: name: Liu, Guangcan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, Liu and Zhang studied the rather challenging problem of time series forecasting from the perspective of compressed sensing. They proposed a no-learning method, named Convolution Nuclear Norm Minimization (CNNM), and proved that CNNM can exactly recover the future part of a series from its observed part, provided that the series is convolutionally low-rank. While impressive, the convolutional low-rankness condition may not be satisfied whenever the series is far from being seasonal, and is in fact brittle to the presence of trends and dynamics. This paper tries to approach the issues by integrating a learnable, orthonormal transformation into CNNM, with the purpose for converting the series of involute structures into regular signals of convolutionally low-rank. We prove that the resultant model, termed Learning-Based CNNM (LbCNNM), strictly succeeds in identifying the future part of a series, as long as the transform of the series is convolutionally low-rank. To learn proper transformations that may meet the required success conditions, we devise an interpretable method based on Principal Component Pursuit (PCP). Equipped with this learning method and some elaborate data argumentation skills, LbCNNM not only can handle well the major components of time series (including trends, seasonality and dynamics), but also can make use of the forecasts provided by some other forecasting methods; this means LbCNNM can be used as a general tool for model combination. Extensive experiments on 100,452 real-world time series from Time Series Data Library (TSDL) and M4 Competition (M4) demonstrate the superior performance of LbCNNM.
Striped phases in two dimensional dipole systems
Creators: name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Lebowitz, Joel L.
name: Lieb, Elliott H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove that a system of discrete 2D in-plane dipoles with four possible orientations, interacting via a 3D dipole-dipole interaction plus a nearest neighbor ferromagnetic term, has periodic striped ground states. As the strength of the ferromagnetic term is increased, the size of the stripes in the ground state increases, becoming infinite, i.e., giving a ferromagentic ground state, when the ferromagentic interaction exceeds a certain critical value. We also give a rigorous proof of the reorientation transition in the ground state of a 2D system of discrete dipoles with six possible orientations, interacting via a 3D dipole-dipole interaction plus a nearest neighbor antiferromagnetic term. As the strength of the antiferromagnetic term is increased the ground state flips from being striped and in-plane to being staggered and out-of-plane. An example of a rotator model with a sinusoidal ground state is also discussed.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Perturbed Self-Similar Massless Scalar Field in Spherically Symmetric Spaceimes
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the linear perturbations of the spherically symmetric spacetimes with kinematic self-similarity of the second kind. The massless scalar field equations are solved which yield the background and an exact solutions for the perturbed equations. We discuss the boundary conditions of the resulting perturbed solutions. The possible perturbation modes turn out to be stable as well as unstable. The analysis leads to the conclusion that there does not exist any critical solution.
description: 15 pages, accepted for publication Int. J. Mod. Phys. A
EVALUATING THE EFFECTS OF TIRE POLLUTANTS 6PPD AND 6PPD-Q: AN EXTENSIVE REVIEW COVERING SPECIES SPECIFIC AND INTRACELLULAR TOXIC REPERCUSSIONS
Creators: name: Kim, Kyoungtae
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: 6PPD
subject: 6PPDQ
subject: Environment
subject: Toxicity

description: 6PPD commonly known as 6PPD-Quinone, is the ozonized derivative of 6PPD. 6PPD is a common tire coating that acts as an antioxidant by preventing rubber degradation. Research efforts elucidating 6PPD-Q’s toxicity surged after a 2021 study identified 6PPD-Q as an acute mortality inducing toxicant to coho salmon. This review functions as a comprehensive investigation of 6PPD and 6PPD-Q’s interaction with aquatic and terrestrial organisms. We also encompass studies providing toxicological explanations of dysregulation of intracellular activity such as transcription and metabolite transformation. This review aims to concurrently impart an overview of the most current 6PPD and 6PPD-Q studies at organismal and cellular levels, emphasize research gaps, and propose possible routes for future studies.
Sub-Kelvin scanning tunneling microscopy on magnetic molecules
Creators: name: Zhang, Lei
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Magnetische Moleküle
magnetische Anregungen
Kondo-Effekt
Rastertunnelmikroskopie
Magnetic molecules
magnetic excitations
Kondo effect
scanning tunneling microscopy

description: Magnetic molecules have attracted lots of interest. In this work, an ultra-stable and low noise scanning tunneling microscopy operating at 400 mK using He-3 (930 mK using He-4) has been developed. The magnetic behavior of different magnetic molecules on substrates, especially the exchange interaction between the magnetic ions, the magnetic anisotropy on the surface, the magnetic excitations as well as the Kondo effect, were studied by using STM.
Hanle Effect near Boundaries
Creators: name: Engel, Hans-Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hanle effect describes suppression of spin polarization due to precession in a magnetic field. This is a standard spintronics tool and it gives access to the spin lifetime of samples in which spins are generated homogeneously. We examine the Hanle effect when spins are generated at a boundary of a diffusive sample by the extrinsic spin Hall effect. We show that the Hanle curve is spatially dependent and that the "apparent" spin lifetime, given by its inverse half-width, is shorter near the boundary even if the spin relaxation rate is homogenous.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Possibility of measuring a0(980)-f0(980) mixing from J/psi -> phi a0
Creators: name: Wu, Jia-Jun
name: Zhao, Qiang
name: Zou, B. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The a0(980)-f0(980) mixing intensity has been predicted to be in the range of 0.01 to 0.1 by various theoretical models, but lacking firm experimental observation. We examine the possibility of extracting the a0(980)-f0(980) mixing from J/psi -> phi f0 -> phi a0 reaction at upgraded Beijing Electron Positron Collider with BESIII detector. While the branching ratio of this process through the a0(980)-f0(980) mixing is expected to be about $O(10^{-6})$ similar to the estimated total amount from two background reactions J/psi -> gamma* -> phi a0 and J/psi -> K* K + c.c. -> phi a0, the peak width from the a0(980)-f0(980) mixing is about 8 MeV, much smaller than that from other mechanisms. With $10^9$ $J/ψ$ events at BESIII, the a0(980)-f0(980) mixing intensity is expected to be unambiguously and precisely measured.
description: accepted version by PRD, slightly modified according to referee's suggestions
MOESM6 of A comprehensive genome-wide profiling comparison between HBV and HCV infected hepatocellular carcinoma
Creators: name: Sun, Suofeng
name: Li, Yuan
name: Han, Shuangyin
name: Jia, Hongtao
name: Li, Xiuling
name: Li, Xiaofang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S2. Heatmap of copy number variation in HBV (A) and HCV (B).
Brownian Motion Conditioned to Spend Limited Time Below a Barrier
Creators: name: Aurzada, Frank
name: Schickentanz, Dominic T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We condition a Brownian motion with arbitrary starting point $y \in \mathbb{R}$ on spending at most $1$ time unit below $0$ and provide an explicit description of the resulting process. In particular, we provide explicit formulas for the distributions of its last zero $g=g^y$ and of its occupation time $Γ=Γ^y$ below $0$ as functions of $y$. This generalizes a result of Benjamini and Berestycki from 2011, which covers the special case $y=0$. Additionally, we study the behavior of the distributions of $g^y$ and $Γ^y$, respectively, for $y \to \pm\infty$.
Public Health in the Developing World: Tackling Vector-Borne Diseases
Creators: name: Geldard, Matthew O
Publisher: name: Cambridge University Science Policy Exchange
Year: 2019

description: One of the most pressing policy issues of the modern era is how to improve public health in the world’s poorest regions. Of particular concern are those diseases spread by mosquitos: the World Health Organisation estimates a total of 96 million cases of dengue and, in 2017 alone, 219 million cases of malaria. Policies targeting such vector-borne diseases (VBDs) represent nothing new. However, there seems to be a continuing inability to move the agenda from one of disease reduction to eradication: clearly, current policy initiatives are not proving effective enough. This report aims to tackle this issue by outlining the problems associated with current policies and how they can be addressed through epidemiological innovation, with need to not only improve the efficacy of such policies, but also their cost-effectiveness and sustainability. Two innovative policies will be presented: that of manipulating the urban environment to reduce mosquito habitat and of harnessing predation pressure to better regulate mosquito populations.