cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
IEEE 5G and Beyond Roadmap Whitepaper
Creators: IEEE 5G Initiative Roadmap Committee Members
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

IEEE Future Networks Initiative White Paper
This white paper describes the IEEE 5G and Beyond Technology Roadmap process and summarizes the need for collaboration among all stakeholders in industry, academia, and standards development organizations (SDOs) in undertaking this high-risk engineering challenge. We outline the current telecommunications value chain that will have to adapt to the changes and opportunities that the introduction of 5G and Beyond technologies will bring. Future applications are listed that drive 5G and Beyond requirements to provide societal benefits for education, manufacturing, healthcare, smart grid, entertainment, autonomous cars, and smart cities. We also describe key technology trends that may impact 5G and Beyond design drivers and the design challenges if these technologies are to simultaneously provide wireless communication, massive connectivity, the tactile internet, quality of service (QoS), and network slicing (NS). Finally, the white paper highlights some technology enablers that need to be explored in the creation of the roadmap. Collectively, we think that, with widespread participation, the roadmap process outlined here can reduce some of the technical and engineering risk associated with the migration to 5G and Beyond technologies.
title: Have Introduced Brown Trout (Salmo Trutta) Affected Native Aquatic Vertebrates in Western United States Streams?
Creators: name: Burbank, Nora K.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2011

description: The introduction of exotic species is one of the greatest threats to freshwater biodiversity. Brown trout are native to Eurasia, but have been introduced to much of the rest of the world, including the United States. In other parts of their introduced range, brown trout have caused substantial negative effects to native species‟ abundances and distributions, and have altered the structure of some aquatic communities. In the United States, studies of some streams and watersheds have shown that brown trout can negatively affect native species, but I found no study that considers the effect of brown trout across a large portion of their introduced range.
For this study, I examined if (1) the abundance and distribution of two ecologically different native fish taxa (sculpins and speckled dace) and (2) the structure of entire stream vertebrate assemblages were negatively associated with the presence and abundance of brown trout. I based my analyses on existing, standardized survey data collected across streams of the western United States. I found no relationship between brown trout and the abundance, presence-absence, or probability of detection of sculpins or speckled dace. I also found that brown trout were not associated with the structure of native stream vertebrate assemblages. My results imply that native stream vertebrates in western US streams are able to coexist with brown trout across the western United States, despite the negative effects brown trout can have on some taxa in individual watersheds or rivers.
Compact Modeling of pH-Sensitive FETs Based on Two-Dimensional Semiconductors
Creators: name: Grour, Tarek El
name: Pasadas, Francisco
name: Medina-Rull, Alberto
name: Najari, Montassar
name: Marin, Enrique G.
name: Toral-Lopez, Alejandro
name: Ruiz, Francisco G.
name: Godoy, Andrés
name: Jiménez, David
name: El-Mir, Lassaad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a physics-based circuit-compatible model for pH-sensitive field-effect transistors based on two-dimensional (2D) materials. The electrostatics along the electrolyte-gated 2D-semiconductor stack is treated by solving the Poisson equation including the Site-Binding model and the Gouy-Chapman-Stern approach, while the carrier transport is described by the drift-diffusion theory. The proposed model is provided in an analytical form and then implemented in Verilog-A, making it compatible with standard technology computer-aided design tools employed for circuit simulation. The model is benchmarked against two experimental transition-metal-dichalcogenide (MoS2 and ReS2) based ion sensors, showing excellent agreement when predicting the drain current, threshold voltage shift, and current/voltage sensitivity measurements for different pH concentrations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Relativistic length expansion in general accelerated system revisited
Creators: name: Foukzon, J.
name: Podosenov, S. A.
name: Potapov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of the present article is to give an exact and correct representation of the essentially important part of modern special relativity theory that touches upon the behavior of the proper length of accelerated moving bodies.In particular we pointed out that standard solution of the Bell's problem [3]-[4]revision needed. Classical solution of the relativistic length expansion in general accelerated system completely revisited.Instant proper length measurement between J.S.Bell's rockets also is considered successfully.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures; ISSN 0202-2893
Deliverable 2.2 Questionnaire for self-assessment on Open Science
Creators: name: Couso, Digna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: open science, RRI, evaluation

description: In order to help other Research Funding and Performing Organizations (RFPOs) who are interested in carrying out self-assessment on Open Science, we are making the questionnaire used in the large-scale quantitative analysis available.
Investigating the complex absorbers of Mrk 766 with XMM-Newton
Creators: name: Zatarain, T. Matamoro
name: Costantini, E.
name: Juráňová, A.
name: Rogantini, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We examine the high energy resolution X-ray spectrum of the narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy Mrk 766 using 4 observations taken with XMM-Newton in 2005, to investigate the properties of the complex ionised absorber / emitter along the line of sight, as well as absorption by dust intrinsic to the source.
 Methods. We make use of the high-energy resolution RGS spectrum to infer the properties of the intervening matter. We also use the spectrum obtained by EPIC-pn and the photometric measurements of OM to obtain the spectral energy distribution of the source, necessary for the photoionisation modelling of the ionised outflow.
 Results. The warm absorber in Mrk 766 consists of two phases of photoionisation. In addition to these two warm absorber components with $\logξ\sim 2.15$ and $\logξ\sim -0.58$, we find evidence of absorption by a collisionally ionised component ($T\sim51$ eV). We discuss the implication of this additional component in light of theoretical predictions. Moreover, we detect signs of absorption by a dusty medium with $N_\text{dust}\sim 7.29\times 10^{16}$ cm$^{-2}$. Finally the relatively weak emission features in the spectrum seem to be unrelated to the absorbers and probably originated by an out-of sight-line ionised plasma.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Additional file 1 of Feature selection and causal analysis for microbiome studies in the presence of confounding using standardization
Creators: name: Goren, Emily
name: Wang, Chong
name: He, Zhulin
name: Sheflin, Amy M.
name: Chiniquy, Dawn
name: Prenni, Jessica E.
name: Tringe, Susannah
name: Schachtman, Daniel P.
name: Liu, Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Additional simulation results and data analysis.
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - December 2017
Creators: M Dohler
D Simeonidou
R Tafazolli
S Revell
A Nix
M Beach
A.H. Aghvami
Fabio Giust
Xavier Costa-Perez
Alex Reznik
Manuela Bargis
Giovanni Romano
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Issue contains three technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
Call for Articles
Driving UK's 5G Agenda - Strategy & Case Studies
Multi-Access Edge Computing: An Overview of ETSI MEC ISG
From Standards to Service - the European Way to 5G
Enhanced dopamine detection via Bi2MoO6/CaTiO3 nano-composite-based electrochemical sensors
Creators: name: Anusha, B.R.
name: Pruthviraj, Y.S.
name: Appu, S.
name: Udayabhanu
name: Prashantha, K.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: Detection of dopamine (DA) is crucial because of its importance in biological and neurological functions, but achieving high sensitivity and selectivity remains a challenge. In this study, we address this problem by developing a Bi2MoO6/CaTiO3 (BMO/CTO) nanocomposite fabricated on a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for efficient DA detection by via cyclic voltammetry (CV) and linear sweep voltammetry (LSV). The BMO/CTO nanocomposite synthesized by via a simple hydrothermal method was characterized by via SEM, XRD, FTIR and EDS to confirm its structural and compositional properties. The modified electrode exhibited remarkable electrocatalytic activity, as evidenced by well-defined anodic peak separations, optimized scan rates and analyte concentrations. The electrode exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.78 μM and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.6 μM for DA, highlighting its sensitivity with a linear range of 0.08-0.58 mM. The novelty of this work lies in the synergistic properties of the BMO/CTO compound, which improved the performance in the detection of DA and underlines its potential for advanced biosensor applications.
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Simões, Alberto
name: Berón, Mario Marcelo
name: Portela, Filipe
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization
subject: Theory of computation → Formal languages and automata theory
subject: Computing methodologies → Natural language processing
subject: Information systems → World Wide Web

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: OASIcs, Vol. 113, 12th Symposium on Languages, Applications and Technologies (SLATE 2023), pages 0:i-0:xii
Resonant control of stochastic spatio-temporal dynamics in a tunnel diode by multiple time delayed feedback
Creators: name: Majer, Niels
name: Schöll, Eckehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the control of noise-induced spatio-temporal current density patterns in a semiconductor nanostructure (double barrier resonant tunnelling diode) by multiple time-delayed feedback. We find much more pronounced resonant features of noise-induced oscillations compared to single time feedback, rendering the system more sensitive to variations in the delay time $τ$. The coherence of noise-induced oscillations measured by the correlation time exhibits sharp resonances as a function of $τ$, and can be strongly increased by optimal choices of $τ$. Similarly, the peaks in the power spectral density are sharpened. We provide analytical insight into the control mechanism by relating the correlation times and mean frequencies of noise-induced breathing oscillations to the stability properties of the deterministic stationary current density filaments under the influence of the control loop. Moreover, we demonstrate that the use of multiple time delays enlarges the regime in which the deterministic dynamical properties of the system are not changed by delay-induced bifurcations.
Assessing and Predicting Air Pollution in Asia: A Regional and Temporal Study (2018-2023)
Creators: name: Rahman, Anika
name: Khatun, Mst. Taskia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study analyzes and predicts air pollution in Asia, focusing on PM 2.5 levels from 2018 to 2023 across five regions: Central, East, South, Southeast, and West Asia. South Asia emerged as the most polluted region, with Bangladesh, India, and Pakistan consistently having the highest PM 2.5 levels and death rates, especially in Nepal, Pakistan, and India. East Asia showed the lowest pollution levels. K-means clustering categorized countries into high, moderate, and low pollution groups. The ARIMA model effectively predicted 2023 PM 2.5 levels (MAE: 3.99, MSE: 33.80, RMSE: 5.81, R: 0.86). The findings emphasize the need for targeted interventions to address severe pollution and health risks in South Asia.
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - March 2019
Creators: Qiang Ye
Weihua Zhuang
Xu Li
Jaya Rao
Tong-Hong Lin
Jimmy G.D. Hester
Aline Eid
Manos M. Tentzeris
Nour Nachabe
Aimeric Bisognin
Diane Titz
Cyril Luxey
Frederic Gianesello
Sergio A. Matos
Jorge R. Da Costa
Carlos A. Fernandes
Carlos del Rio Bocio
Mahmoud Sawaby
Amin Arbabian
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2019

Issue contains three technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
A Delay Modeling Framework for Embedded Virtual Network Function Chains in 5G Networks
5G Wireless Modules Enabled by Additive Manufacturing Technologies
Millimeter-Wave 3D-Printed Antenna Concepts for 5G Backhaul Links
Actions of nilpotent groups on nilpotent groups
Creators: name: Burkhart, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E18, 20D15, 20J06 (Primary) 20D45 (Secondary)

description: For finite nilpotent groups $J$ and $N$, suppose $J$ acts on $N$ via automorphisms. We exhibit a decomposition of the first cohomology set in terms of the first cohomologies of the Sylow $p$-subgroups of $J$ that mirrors the primary decomposition of $H^1(J,N)$ for abelian $N$. We then show that if $N \rtimes J$ acts on some non-empty set $Ω$, where the action of $N$ is transitive and for each prime $p$ a Sylow $p$-subgroup of $J$ fixes an element of $Ω$, then $J$ fixes an element of $Ω$.
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - December 2018
Creators: Chih-Lin I
Junshuai Sun
Xingyu Han
Yingying Wang
Xueyan Huang
Yan Wang
Hua Huang
Yingzhe Li
Wei Zhou
Qi Sun
Siming Zhang
Christian James Aguilar-Armenta
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

Issue contains three technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
On Consideration of the RAN Slicing - From the Operator's Perspective
The Levels of Intelligence of Mobile Networks and Consideration of Architecture Evolution
Disruptive Models for Telecom Operators in a New Digital Ecosystem
Photoevaporation of Circumstellar Disks by FUV, EUV and X-ray Radiation from the Central Star
Creators: name: Gorti, Uma
name: Hollenbach, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the rate of photoevaporation of a circumstellar disk by energetic radiation (FUV, 6eV $0.1$keV) from its central star. We focus on the effects of FUV and X-ray photons since EUV photoevaporation has been treated previously, and consider central star masses in the range $0.3-7 {\rm M}_{\odot}$. Contrary to the EUV photoevaporation scenario, which creates a gap at about $r_g\sim 7\ (M_*/1{\rm M}_{\odot})$ AU and then erodes the outer disk from inside out, we find that FUV photoevaporation predominantly removes less bound gas from the outer disk. Heating by FUV photons can cause significant erosion of the outer disk where most of the mass is typically located. X-rays indirectly increase the mass loss rates (by a factor $\sim 2$) by ionizing the gas, thereby reducing the positive charge on grains and PAHs and enhancing FUV-induced grain photoelectric heating. FUV and X-ray photons may create a gap in the disk at $\sim 10$ AU under favourable circumstances. Photoevaporation timescales for M$_* \sim 1{\rm M}_{\odot}$ stars are estimated to be $\sim 10^6$ years, after the onset of disk irradiation by FUV and X-rays. Disk lifetimes do not vary much for stellar masses in the range $0.3-3$M$_{\odot}$. More massive stars ($\gtrsim 7 {\rm M}_{\odot}$) lose their disks rapidly (in $\sim 10^5$ years) due to their high EUV and FUV fields. Disk lifetimes are shorter for shallow surface density distributions and when the dust opacity in the disk is reduced by processes such as grain growth or settling. The latter suggests that the photoevaporation process may accelerate as the dust disk evolves.
description: Astrophysical Journal, Accepted
title: The Effects of a Training Session on Teacher Knowledge, Perceptions, and Implementation of Assistive Technology in Secondary Schools.
Creators: name: Woodbury, Robert
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Despite the prevalence of students with mild disabilities in special education and the legal mandate to consider assistive technology to support their needs, research suggests low rates of assistive technology use by this population (Bouck, Maeda, & Flanagan, 2012; Derer, Polsgrove, & Rieth, 1996; Quinn, Behrmann, Mastropieri, & Chung, 2009). One major barrier to assistive technology consideration and implementation cited by teachers is a lack of training. This study examined changes in teachers’ knowledge, perceptions, and implementation of assistive technology as a result of a hands-on teacher training session. Participants included 61 regular and special education teachers and administrators in secondary public schools in one Western state. Participants completed a pre-training survey measuring their knowledge and experience with assistive technology, as well as their attitudes about using assistive technology. They then participated in a hands-on training session about assistive technology held at their school. After the training session, participants completed a post-training survey, as well as a follow-up survey given 30 days after the training session. The follow-up survey measured changes in participant implementation of assistive technology following the training session. Results of this study show that a teacher training session improved regular and special education teachers’ and administrators’ knowledge and perceptions of assistive technology. The findings also show that 49% of respondents to the follow up survey reported using assistive technology in their classrooms following the training session. Implications for future research are discussed.
Dielectronic recombination studies on Fe$^{2+}$
Creators: name: Singh, S.
name: Harman, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dielectronic recombination resonance strengths, energy-differential cross sections, and recombination rate coefficients are calculated fully relativistically for Fe$^{2+}$ ions. The ground-state and resonance energies are determined using the multiconfiguration Dirac-Hartree-Fock method. Radiative and auto-ionization rates are computed with a relativistic configuration interaction method. For the calculation of Auger widths and resonance strengths, the continuum electron is treated within the framework of the relativistic distorted-wave model. Notably, the calculated level energies for Fe$^{2+}$ not only align well with experimental results but also show improvements compared to earlier theoretical studies. These fully relativistic calculations provide a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the recombination process. This is particularly important in astrophysics and plasma physics, especially for studying phenomena such as kilonova events.
Mumford dendrograms and discrete p-adic symmetries
Creators: name: Bradley, Patrick Erik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this article, we present an effective encoding of dendrograms by embedding them into the Bruhat-Tits trees associated to $p$-adic number fields. As an application, we show how strings over a finite alphabet can be encoded in cyclotomic extensions of $\mathbb{Q}_p$ and discuss $p$-adic DNA encoding. The application leads to fast $p$-adic agglomerative hierarchic algorithms similar to the ones recently used e.g. by A. Khrennikov and others. From the viewpoint of $p$-adic geometry, to encode a dendrogram $X$ in a $p$-adic field $K$ means to fix a set $S$ of $K$-rational punctures on the $p$-adic projective line $\mathbb{P}^1$. To $\mathbb{P}^1\setminus S$ is associated in a natural way a subtree inside the Bruhat-Tits tree which recovers $X$, a method first used by F. Kato in 1999 in the classification of discrete subgroups of $\textrm{PGL}_2(K)$. Next, we show how the $p$-adic moduli space $\mathfrak{M}_{0,n}$ of $\mathbb{P}^1$ with $n$ punctures can be applied to the study of time series of dendrograms and those symmetries arising from hyperbolic actions on $\mathbb{P}^1$. In this way, we can associate to certain classes of dynamical systems a Mumford curve, i.e. a $p$-adic algebraic curve with totally degenerate reduction modulo $p$. Finally, we indicate some of our results in the study of general discrete actions on $\mathbb{P}^1$, and their relation to $p$-adic Hurwitz spaces.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
title: A Study to Determine why Forkner Shorthand Students do or do not Enroll in the Intermediate and Advanced Levels of Shorthand at Utah State University
Creators: name: Diskin, Mary
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: Shorthand plays a very necessary part in preparing our office education students. There has been much discussion as to which type of writing system is more efficient. Some authorities in the field fee l that abbreviated longhand systems can be learned more easily than symbol systems.
According to Wagoner:
The usual advantages claimed for various abbreviated longhand systems are: the ease of converting from longhand to an abbreviated longhand system, a shorter learning period than a symbol system, and the ease of transcription. (1960, p. 21)
Since the Forkner system is based largely on what the learner already knows, the alphabet, it is felt that students will be able to develop a skill more readily than with a symbol system. The time necessary to learn the Forkner writing system is claimed to be much less than that of symbol systems (Forkner Publishing Corporation, Mimeographed).
If this is true, Forkner students should not hesitate entering the more advanced levels of shorthand available to them. Being able to compete with Gregg writers should not pose a threat to the Forkner writers.
Utah State University currently has a significantly smaller percentage of Forkner students who are enrolled in the intermediate and advanced levels of shorthand as compared to the Gregg students. There does not seem to be the initiative on the part of the Forkner students to continue with their skill building process. However, according to the Forkner Corporation, their system of writing shorthand simplifies many of the problems of remembering shorthand symbols. Students have progressed through this system with exceptional ease and without undue stress. The results of studies indicate that student's morale is much higher and there are fewer dropouts (Forkner Shorthand 4th Edition, Mimeographed).
This study will attempt to determine why students do or do not continue with the advanced levels of shorthand.
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - May 2018
Creators: Rod Waterhouse
Raul Munoz
Josep M. Fabrega
Ricard Vilalta
Michela Svaluto Moreolo
Ramon Casellas
Vilalta
Laia Nadal
Ricardo Martinez
Nikola Serafimovski
Ronan Lacroix
Micheline Perrufel
Sylvain Leroux
Simon Clement
Nirlay Kundu
Dominique Chiaroni
Gaurav Patwardhan
Andrew Myles
Christophe Jurczak
Marc Fleschen
Marty Ragusky
Volker Jungnickel
Dimitri Ktenas
Harald Haas
Christina Lim
Yu Tian
Ampalavanapillai Nirmalathas
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

Issue contains four technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
Introduction
Photonics for 5G Networks
Converged fixed-mobile access-metro optical network for 5G with programmable and elastic optical systems and SDN/NFV control
Light Communications for Wireless Local Area Networking
Analog Transport - An Alternative for Mobile Fronthaul?
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - March 2017
Creators: Geoffrey Li
Amine Maaref
Siming Zhang
Chih-Lin I
Paul Nikolich
James Irvine
Theodore S. Rappaport
Shu Sun
Mansoor Shafi
Erik G. Larsson
Liesbet Van der Perre
Jialing Liu
Weimin Xiao
Chih-Lin I
Chenyang Yang
Anthony Soong
Prof. Alex Galis
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Issue contains four technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
Message from the Founding Editorial Board
5G Channel Model with Improved Accuracy and Efficiency in mmWave Bands
Massive MIMO for 5G
Ultra-Dense Networks (UDNs) for 5G
Towards 5G Network Slicing - Motivations and Challenges
Perspectives on 5G Applications and Services
Creators: Carla Chiasserini
Anthony Magnan
Muralidhar Somisetty
Evangelos Markakis
Ilias Politis
Antonino Orsino
Osman N.C. Yilmaz
Johan Torsner
Krishna Rao
Rolando Bettancourt
Prithwish Kangsabanik
Brian Zahnstecher
Narendra Mangra
Alireza Ghasempour
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

IEEE Future Networks Initiative White Paper
5G has the potential to enable fundamentally new applications, industries, and business models and dramatically improve quality of life around the world via unprecedented use cases that require high data-rate instantaneous communications, low latency, and massive connectivity for new applications for mobile, eHealth, autonomous vehicles, smart cities, smart homes, and the IoT.

The whitepaper discusses the impact of 5G on various applications. It contains a high-level view on industry trends, key drivers for the new technology, challenges from the network and connectivity, and technology requirements for the following market segments: Automotive, Data Analytics, Emergency Communications, Factories of the Future, Healthcare, LTE Broadcast Multicast, OSS-BSS Impact, Power Electronics, Smart Cities.
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - March 2018
Creators: Chih-Lin I
Junshuai Sun
Xingyu Han
Yingying Wang
Xueyan Huang
Alessandro Guidotti
Oltjon Kodheli
Alessandro Vanelli-Coralli
Giulio Colavolpe
Tommaso Foggi
Anwer Al-Dulaimi
Qiang Ni
Kaniz Mahdi
Paul Littlewood
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2018

Issue contains four technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
A Functional Overview on CUDA and DUDA
Integration of 5G Technologies in LEO Mega-Constellations
Orchestrating 5GC in Distributed Cloud Networks
Reimagining the Edge with 5G: A Closer Look at Traffic Patterns
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - June 2017
Creators: Apostolos (Tolis) Papathanassiou
Alexey Khoryaev
Kees Wevers
Meng Lu
S. M. Riazul Islam
Ming Zeng
Octavia A. Dobre
Paul Nikolich
Chih-Lin I
Jouni Korhonen
Roger Marks
Blake Tye
Gang Li
Jiqing Ni
Siming Zhang
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Issue contains four technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
Cellular V2X as the Essential Enabler of Superior Global Connected Transportation Services
V2X Communication for ITS - from IEEE 802.11p Towards 5G
NOMA in 5G Systems: Exciting Possibilities for Enhancing Spectral Efficiency
Standards for 5G and Beyond: Their Use Cases and Applications
Updating Street Maps using Changes Detected in Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Bastani, Favyen
name: He, Songtao
name: Jagwani, Satvat
name: Alizadeh, Mohammad
name: Balakrishnan, Hari
name: Chawla, Sanjay
name: Madden, Sam
name: Sadeghi, Mohammad Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Accurately maintaining digital street maps is labor-intensive. To address this challenge, much work has studied automatically processing geospatial data sources such as GPS trajectories and satellite images to reduce the cost of maintaining digital maps. An end-to-end map update system would first process geospatial data sources to extract insights, and second leverage those insights to update and improve the map. However, prior work largely focuses on the first step of this pipeline: these map extraction methods infer road networks from scratch given geospatial data sources (in effect creating entirely new maps), but do not address the second step of leveraging this extracted information to update the existing digital map data. In this paper, we first explain why current map extraction techniques yield low accuracy when extended to update existing maps. We then propose a novel method that leverages the progression of satellite imagery over time to substantially improve accuracy. Our approach first compares satellite images captured at different times to identify portions of the physical road network that have visibly changed, and then updates the existing map accordingly. We show that our change-based approach reduces map update error rates four-fold.
description: SIGSPATIAL 2021
IEEE Softwarization - November 2016
Creators: Eileen Healy
Evangelos Kosmatos
Kostas Tsagkaris
Panagiotis Demestichas
Christos Kolias
Antonio Manzalini
Tal Mizrahi
Yoram Moses
Marie-Paule Odini
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: New Editor-in-Chief, Proactive Management of the Virtualized Mobile Core for IoT, Quest for Real-time Operating Platforms for Next Generation Networks, The TimedSDN Project, NFV Testing
Imaging calibration of AstroSat Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager (CZTI)
Creators: name: Vibhute, Ajay
name: Bhattacharya, Dipankar
name: Mithun, N. P. S.
name: Bhalerao, V.
name: Rao, A. R.
name: Vadawale, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: AstroSat is India's first space-based astronomical observatory, launched on September 28, 2015. One of the payloads aboard AstroSat is the Cadmium Zinc Telluride Imager (CZTI), operating at hard X-rays. CZTI employs a two-dimensional coded aperture mask for the purpose of imaging. In this paper, we discuss various image reconstruction algorithms adopted for the test and calibration of the imaging capability of CZTI and present results from CZTI on-ground as well as in-orbit image calibration.
description: 16 pages, 21 images, Payload Calibration, Accepted in JAA on AstroSat 5 years special issue
IEEE Softwarization - January 2017
Creators: Neil Davies
Peter Thompson
Eleni Giannopoulou
Panagiotis Demestichas
Vera Stavroulaki
Imen Grida Ben Yahia
Laurent Ciavaglia
Ingrid Moerman
Spilios Giannoulis
Eli De Poorter
Xianjun Jiao
Kewin Rausch
Roberto Riggio
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Articles in this issue include: Challenges of Network Slicing, Addressing Key Challenges in 5G Networks with "Intent-Driven Networking", Softwarization of Radio and Wireless Networks, Progressive Network Transformation with RINA
$B \to γγ$ in an ACD model
Creators: name: Bigi, I. I.
name: Devidze, G. G.
name: Liparteliani, A. G.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a full calculation of the amplitudes for $B_{d[s]} \to γγ$ in a simple ACD model that extends an incomplete one in a previous paper. We find cancellations between the contributions from different KK towers and a small decrease relative to the SM predictions. It is conjectured that radiative QCD corrections might actually lead to an enhancement in the branching ratios and {\bf CP} asymmetries, but no more than modest ones.
description: 3 pages, 2 figures
The current cratering rate on the regular satellites of Jupiter, Saturn, and Uranus
Creators: name: Brasser, R.
name: Wong, E. W.
name: Werner, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to compute the impact rates for objects with a diameter of 1 km onto the regular satellites of Jupiter, Saturn and Uranus using our latest dynamical simulations of the evolution of outer solar system coupled with the best estimates of the current population of objects beyond Neptune and their size-frequency distribution. We use the outcome of the last 3.5~Gyr of evolution of the outer solar system from our database of simulations and combine this with observational constraints of the population beyond Neptune to compute the flux of objects entering the Centaur region, with uncertainties. The initial conditions resemble the current population rather than a near-circular, near-planar disc usually assumed just before the onset of giant planet migration. We obtain a better estimate of the impact probability of a Centaur with the satellites from enacting simulations of planetesimals flying past the satellites on hyperbolic orbits, which agree with literature precedents. We find that our impact rate of objects greater than 1 km in diameter with Jupiter is 0.0012/yr, which is a factor of 3--6 lower than previous estimates of 0.0044/yr from Nesvorny et al. (2023) and 0.0075/yr from Zahnle et al. (2003). On the other hand our impact probabilities with the satellites scaled to the giant planets are consistent with these earlier literature estimates, as is the leakage rate of objects from beyond Neptune into the Centaur region. However, our absolute impact probabilities with the giant planets are lower. We attribute this to our choice of initial conditions.
description: In revision with Astronomy and Astrophysics
Experimental test of curvature-driven dynamics in the phase ordering of a two dimensional liquid crystal
Creators: name: Sicilia, Alberto
name: Arenzon, Jeferson J.
name: Dierking, Ingo
name: Bray, Alan J.
name: Cugliandolo, Leticia F.
name: Martinez-Perdiguero, Josu
name: Alonso, Ibon
name: Pintre, Inmaculada C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electric field driven deracemization in an achiral liquid crystal through the formation and coarsening of chiral domains. It is proposed that deracemization in this system is a curvature-driven process. We test this prediction using the exact result for the distribution of hull-enclosed areas in two-dimensional coarsening in non-conserved scalar order parameter dynamics recently obtained [J.J. Arenzon et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 061116 (2007)]. The experimental data are in very good agreement with the theory. We thus demonstrate that deracemization in such bent-core liquid crystals belongs to the Allen-Cahn universality class, and that the exact formula, which gives us the statistics of domain sizes during coarsening, can also be used as a strict test for this dynamic universality class.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Universal properties of the near-horizon optical geometry
Creators: name: Gibbons, G. W.
name: Warnick, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of the fact that the optical geometry near a static non-degenerate Killing horizon is asymptotically hyperbolic to investigate universal features of black hole physics. We show how the Gauss-Bonnet theorem allows certain lensing scenarios to be ruled in or out. We find rates for the loss of scalar, vector and fermionic `hair' as objects fall quasi- statically towards the horizon. In the process we find the Lienard-Wiechert potential for hyperbolic space and calculate the force between electrons mediated by neutrinos, extending the flat space result of Feinberg and Sucher. We use the enhanced conformal symmetry of the Schwarzschild and Reissner-Nordstrom backgrounds to re-derive the electrostatic field due to a point charge in a simple fashion.
title: Making and Adjusting the Oboe Reed
Creators: name: Boyce, Norma June
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1976

description: The purpose of this paper is to describe and illustrate the necessary skills in making and adjusting oboe reeds. Particular attention is given to what is known as the American scrape reed and the problems inherent in adjusting this particular reed to obtain the desired response, pitch, and tone quality. The paper also contains a listing of the necessary equipment for working on oboe reeds.
IEEE Softwarization - July 2016
Creators: Raffaele Bolla
Roberto Bruschi
Chris Matrakidis
Evangelos Kosmatos
Theofanis Orphanoudakis
Alexandros Stavdas
Marie-Paule Odini
Giuseppe Antonio Carella
Thomas Magedanz
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: The INPUT Platform: Personal Services in the Fog, Building a Converged Access Network Based on OpenFlow, OpenSource MANO, Open Baton: A Framework for Virtual Network Function Management and Orchestration for Emerging Software-Based 5G Networks
IEEE Softwarization - March 2016
Creators: Cagatay Buyukkoc
Yiping Chen
Laurent Ruckenbusch
Mingeun Yoon
Tom Tofigh
Guru Parulkar
Lav Gupta
Raj Jain
H. Anthony Chan
Tao Chen
Navid Nikaein
Giuseppe Antonio Carella
Thomas Magedanz
David Lake
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Articles in this issue include: 5G Era Networks: The Case for Open Mobile Edge Cloud, Edge Definition and How It Fits with 5G Era Networks, Mobile Edge Computing: Bring the Values Back to Networks, Rethinking the Mobile Edge Network with CORD (Mobile-CORD), Mobile Edge Computing - An Important Ingredient of 5G Networks, Towards Software Defined 5G Radio Access Networks, MEC Enablement by Means of an Open Source ETSI MANO Orchestrator, Enhancing Mobile Services with Edge Computing Capabilities
On power subgroups of mapping class groups
Creators: name: Funar, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M07, 20F36

description: In the first part of this paper we prove that the mapping class subgroups generated by the $D$-th powers of Dehn twists (with $D\geq 2$) along a sparse collection of simple closed curves on an orientable surface are right angled Artin groups. The second part is devoted to power quotients, i.e. quotients by the normal subgroup generated by the $D$-th powers of all elements of the mapping class groups. We show first that for infinitely many $D$ the power quotient groups are non-trivial. On the other hand, if $4g+2$ does not divide $D$ then the associated power quotient of the mapping class group of the genus $g\geq 3$ closed surface is trivial. Eventually, an elementary argument shows that in genus 2 there are infinitely many power quotients which are infinite torsion groups.
description: 19p., 2 figures
IEEE Future Networks Tech Focus - September 2017
Creators: Ahmed Bader
Mohamed-Slim Alouini
Eirini Liotou
Nikos Passas
Lazaros Merakos
Shahid Mumtaz
Jonathan Rodriguez
Zhenyu Zhou
Dominique Hazael-Massieux
Dr. Jeff Jaffe
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2017

Issue contains four technical articles on future networks technologies
Articles in this issue include:
5G "On The Fly"
The Emergence of Experience Packages in the 5G Era
LTE Goes Unlicensed: How the 5G Era Changes the Way We Use Spectrum
Web 5G
Muographic Image Upsampling with Machine Learning for Built Infrastructure Applications
Creators: name: O'Donnell, William
name: Mahon, David
name: Yang, Guangliang
name: Gardner, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The civil engineering industry faces a critical need for innovative non-destructive evaluation methods, particularly for ageing critical infrastructure, such as bridges, where current techniques fall short. Muography, a non-invasive imaging technique, constructs three-dimensional density maps by detecting interactions of naturally occurring cosmic-ray muons within the scanned volume. Cosmic-ray muons provide deep penetration and inherent safety due to their high momenta and natural source. However, the technology's reliance on this source results in constrained muon flux, leading to prolonged acquisition times, noisy reconstructions and image interpretation challenges. To address these limitations, we developed a two-model deep learning approach. First, we employed a conditional Wasserstein generative adversarial network with gradient penalty (cWGAN-GP) to perform predictive upsampling of undersampled muography images. Using the Structural Similarity Index Measure (SSIM), 1-day sampled images matched the perceptual qualities of a 21-day image, while the Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) indicated noise improvement equivalent to 31 days of sampling. A second cWGAN-GP model, trained for semantic segmentation, quantitatively assessed the upsampling model's impact on concrete sample features. This model achieved segmentation of rebar grids and tendon ducts, with Dice-Sørensen accuracy coefficients of 0.8174 and 0.8663. Notably, it could mitigate or remove z-plane smearing artifacts caused by muography's inverse imaging problem. Both models were trained on a comprehensive Geant4 Monte-Carlo simulation dataset reflecting realistic civil infrastructure scenarios. Our results demonstrate significant improvements in acquisition speed and image quality, marking a substantial step toward making muography more practical for reinforced concrete infrastructure monitoring applications.
Towards 5G Software-Defined Ecosystems: Technical Challenges, Business Sustainability and Policy Issues
Creators: Antonio Manzalini
Cagatay Buyukkoc
Prosper Chemouil
Slawomir Kuklinski
Franco Callegati
Alex Galis
Marie-Paule Odini
Chih-Lin I
Jinri Huang
Mike Bursell
Noel Crespi
Eileen Healy
Stuart Sharrock
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2016

Abstract - Techno-economic drivers are creating the conditions for a radical change of paradigm in the design and operation of future telecommunications infrastructures. In fact, SDN, NFV, Cloud and Edge-Fog Computing are converging together into a single systemic transformation termed "Softwarization" that will find concrete exploitations in 5G systems. The IEEE SDN Initiative has elaborated a vision, an evolutionary path and some techno-economic scenarios of this transformation: specifically, the major technical challenges, business sustainability and policy issues have been investigated. This white paper presents: 1) an overview on the main techno-economic drivers steering the "Softwarization" of telecommunications; 2) an introduction to the Open Mobile Edge Cloud vision (covered in a companion white paper); 3) the main technical challenges in terms of operations, security and policy; 4) an analysis of the potential role of open source software; 5) some use case proposals for proof-of-concepts; and 6) a short description of the main socio-economic impacts being produced by "Softwarization". Along these directions, IEEE SDN is also developing of an open catalogue of software platforms, toolkits, and functionalities aiming at a step-by-step development and aggregation of test-beds/field-trials on SDN-NFV-5G. This will prepare the ground for developing new ICT ecosystems, thereby improving the quality of life and facilitating the development of the new digital economy.
IEEE Softwarization - November 2015
Creators: Eileen Healy
Antonio Manzalini
Larry Peterson
Bosco Eduardo Fernandes
Publisher: name: IEEE
Year: 2015

Articles in this issue include: Softwarization is Coming of Age!, Paving the Way Toward Software-Defined Infrastructures, CORD: Central Office Re-Architected as a Datacenter, Transform to a Network of the Future at Your Pace
Resolved Gas Temperatures and 12C/13C ratios in SVS13A from ALMA Observations of CH3CN and CH3-13-CN
Creators: name: Hsieh, T. -H.
name: Pineda, J. E.
name: Segura-Cox, D. M.
name: Caselli, P.
name: Maureira, M. J.
name: Busch, L. A.
name: Valdivia-Mena, M. T.
name: Gieser, C.
name: Lin, Y.
name: Chou, Y. -R.
name: Lattanzi, V.
name: Spezzano, S.
name: Lopez-Sepulcre, A.
name: Neri, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Multiple systems are common in field stars, and the frequency is found to be higher in early evolutionary stages. Thus, the study of young multiple systems during the embedded stages is key to have a comprehensive understanding of star formation. In particular, how material accretes from the large-scale envelope into the inner region and how this flow interacts with the system physically and chemically has not yet been well characterized observationally. Aims. We aim to provide a snapshot of the forming protobinary system SVS13A, consisting of VLA4A and VLA4B. This includes clear pictures of its kinematic structures, physical conditions, and chemical properties. Methods. We conducted ALMA observations toward SVS13A targeting CH3CN and CH3-13CN J=12-11 K-ladder line emission with a high spatial resolution of ~30 au at a spectral resolution of ~0.08 km s-1 Results. We perform LTE radiative transfer models to fit the spectral features of the line emission. We find the two-layer LTE radiative model including dust absorption is essential to interpret the CH3CN and CH3-13-CN line emission. We identify two major and four small kinematic components, and derive their physical and chemical properties. Conclusions. We find a possible infalling signature toward the bursting secondary source VLA4A, which may be fed by an infalling streamer from the large-scale envelope. The mechanical heating in the binary system, as well as the infalling shocked gas, likely play a role in the thermal structure of the protobinary system. By accumulating mass from the streamer, the system might have experienced a gravitationally unstable phase before the accretion outburst. Finally, the derived CH3CN/CH3-13-CN ratio is lower than the canonical ratio in the ISM and is different between VLA4A and VLA4B.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures