cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Performance evaluation of microbial fuel cell using a radiation synthesized low density polyethylene-grafted-poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate) as a proton exchange membrane
Creators: name: Abd-Elmabood, Hanan M.
name: Raafat, Amany I.
name: Soliman, El-Sayed A.
name: Ali, Amr El-Hag
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: The present work focuses on the synthesis of a proton exchange membrane to be assembled in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for simultaneous bioelectricity production and domestic wastewater treatment. The indigenous membrane was prepared by ionizing irradiation-induced graft copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) onto low-density polyethylene and subsequently, the prepared grafted sheets were sulfonated via epoxy ring-opening of PGMA moieties. Parameters affecting the grafting degree were investigated and the prepared membranes were characterized by investigating their structural, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. Some physicochemical characteristics including ion exchange capacity, sulfonation density, and proton conductivity were also evaluated. The data confirmed the success of the preparation protocol to obtain a suitable membrane for the proposed application. Moreover, the performance of the assembled MFC was thoroughly investigated through the evaluation of its electrochemical behaviour including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, columbic efficiency, and wastewater treatment capability. The sulfonated LDPE-g-P(GMA-co-VAc) membrane of 80% grafting degree shows substantial removal of chemical oxygen demand up to about 90% with columbic efficiency of 10.1%, columbic recovery of 8.7%, rate of energy harvest of 2.1 C/h and power density of 2.72 W m−2. However, the use of 10 mM of KMnO4 as electron acceptor drastically increase the harvested power density to reach 356.4 W m−2
Woodpeckers and the biomechanics of concussion
Creators: name: Ross, Erica
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Woodpeckers are a remarkable clade of birds commonly known to use forceful blows of their beaks to drill holes in trees while foraging for boring insects or sap, and they also use their beaks to excavate nest cavities and loudly announce their territory by drumming. They regularly tolerate forces ten times greater than those that would give a human a concussion. Human concussions are the focus of a lot of attention and research efforts recently, especially in the world of sports and veteran's affairs where head injury's debilitating effects on immediate and long-term health are becoming more recognised. Woodpeckers are good organisms to study to gain insights into concussions. Many factors have been proposed to contribute to the woodpeckers’ ability to withstand the blows to its head. Some hypotheses are more likely than others, but the topic suffers from a lack of data. This thesis addresses the hypothesis that the brain is semi-isolated from the forces experienced by the rest of the head, and the hypothesis that woodpeckers have minimal space between their brains and skulls, and minimal cerebrospinal fluid. We used high-speed video analysis of wild captured Pileated Woodpeckers to evaluate whether there was any evidence that the brain case is semi-isolated from the rest of the woodpecker’s head. The acceleration profiles of points on the head and on the beak were not significantly different, and the distances between the head point and the beak point before and after a strike also were not significantly different. We used CT and MRI scans to visualize and measure the space between the brain and skull. The space was quantified and was not smaller than might be expected once scaling between a human’s head and a woodpecker’s head was taken into account. We conclude that woodpeckers’ resistance to head injury is not likely due to force deflection away from the brain, or especially tight packing of the brain, and hypothesize that it is due to scaling effects, a short impact duration, woodpeckers’ smooth brain, and possible neuroprotective mechanisms.
Performance evaluation of microbial fuel cell using a radiation synthesized low density polyethylene–grafted-Poly (glycidyl methacrylate-co-vinyl acetate) as a proton exchange membrane
Creators: name: Abd-Elmabood, Hanan M.
name: Raafat, Amany I.
name: Soliman, El-Sayed A.
name: Ali, Amr El-Hag
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: The present work focuses on the synthesis of a proton exchange membrane to be assembled in a microbial fuel cell (MFC) for simultaneous bioelectricity production and domestic wastewater treatment. The indigenous membrane was prepared by ionizing irradiation-induced graft copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) and vinyl acetate (VAc) onto low density polyethylene and subsequently, the prepared grafted sheets were sulfonated via epoxy ring-opening of PGMA moieties. Parameters affecting the grafting degree were investigated and the prepared membranes were characterized by investigating their structural, thermal, mechanical, and electrical properties. Some physicochemical characteristics including ion exchange capacity, sulfonation density, and proton conductivity were also evaluated. The data confirmed the success of the preparation protocol to obtain a suitable membrane for the proposed application. Moreover, the performance of the assembled MFC was thoroughly investigated through the evaluation of its electrochemical behavior including cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, columbic efficiency, and wastewater treatment capability. The sulfonated LDPE-g-P(GMA-co-VAc) membrane of 80% grafting degree shows substantial removal of chemical oxygen demand up to about 90 % with columbic efficiency of 10.1%, columbic recovery of 8.7%, rate of energy harvest of 2.1 C/h and power density of 2.72 W m−2. However, the use of 10 mM of KMnO4 as electron acceptor drastically increase the harvested power density to reach 356.4 W m−2
Horava-Lifshitz modifications of the Casimir effect
Creators: name: Ferrari, A. F.
name: Girotti, H. O.
name: Gomes, M.
name: Petrov, A. Yu.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the modifications induced by spacetime anisotropy on the Casimir effect in the case of two parallel plates. Nonperturbative and perturbative regimes are analyzed. In the first case the Casimir force either vanishes or it reverses its direction which, in any case, makes the proposal untenable. On the other hand, the perturbative model enables us to incorporate appropriately the effects of spacetime anisotropy.
description: 6 pages, revtex4
Application of birnessite–type solids prepared by sol–gel and oxidation methods in photocatalytic degradation of 4–nitrophenol
Creators: name: González–Morán, S.
name: González, B.
name: Vicente, M.A.
name: Trujillano, R.
name: Rives, V.
name: Gil, A.
name: Korili, S.A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Potassium birnessites were prepared using two methods, sol–gel or oxidation. The solids were characterized by element chemical analysis, powder X–ray diffraction, FTIR spectroscopy, thermal analyses, and nitrogen adsorption. The evolution of the properties as a function of the preparation method was discussed. The photocatalytic performance of these solids was preliminarily tested for the degradation of 4–nitrophenol. The degradation pathway and the nature of the by–products were investigated by mass spectrometry. The solids showed good catalytic behavior, although their preparation must be improved, mainly concerning the calcination step involved in sol–gel synthesis, which led to the formation of Mn2O3 that worsened the catalytic behavior.
Porous carbon supported Calcium oxide for CO2 adsorption and separation of CO2/CH4
Creators: name: Jonnalagadda, Madhavi
name: Ibrahim, Sobhy M.
name: Shair, Omar H. M.
name: Mutyala, Suresh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Hematology

description: Calcium oxide incorporated porous carbon materials were synthesized by the impregnation method to study CO2 adsorption and separation of CO2/CH4. The X-ray diffraction, Raman analysis, N2 isotherms at 77 K, and SEM with EDX analysis were used to characterize synthesized materials. XRD and N2 isotherm results have confirmed that synthesized carbon has porosity, and EDX analysis has reported that the presence of CaO on porous carbon. 10CaO/porous carbon has shown 31 cm3 g-1 of CO2 adsorption which was higher than bare porous carbon CO2 adsorption 17.5 cm3 g-1 at 298 K, 1 bar. It was attributed to electrostatic interaction between CaO and CO2. However, CH4 adsorption was decreased by a decrease in surface area. The selectivity of CO2/CH4 was higher for 10CaO/porous carbon and the heat of CO2 adsorption was 36 KJ/mol at high adsorption of CO2. Moreover, CO2 adsorption was the same in each adsorption cycle.
Fabrication of nanopatterned DNA films by Langmuir-Blodgett technique
Creators: name: Dai, Shuxi
name: Zhang, Xingtang
name: Du, Zuliang
name: Dang, Hongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fractal-like nanopatterned DNA thin films have been fabricated on mica substrate by Langmuir-Blodgett (LB) technique. Structures and components of DNA nanopatterns were investigated using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The effect of surface pressure on the transferred DNA composite films has been studied. Scanning force microscopic observations revealed that the surface structure and morphology of DNA nanopatterns can be well controlled by changing the surface pressure. The growth mechanism of the fractal-like nanopatterns is discussed in terms of the diffusion-limited aggregation (DLA) model. The formation of large-scale DNA networks provided a well-defined template for the construction of nanocomposite films. Patterns of silver metal were prepared on DNA networks by subsequent metallization process.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Specializations of indecomposable polynomials
Creators: name: Bodin, Arnaud
name: Chéze, Guillaume
name: Débes, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We address some questions concerning indecomposable polynomials and their behaviour under specialization. For instance we give a bound on a prime $p$ for the reduction modulo $p$ of an indecomposable polynomial $P(x)\in \Zz[x]$ to remain indecomposable. We also obtain a Hilbert like result for indecomposability: if $f(t_1,...,t_r,x)$ is an indecomposable polynomial in several variables with coefficients in a field of characteristic $p=0$ or $p>°(f)$, then the one variable specialized polynomial $f(t_1^\ast+α_1^\ast x,...,t_r^\ast+α_r^\ast x,x)$ is indecomposable for all $(t_1^\ast, ..., t_r^\ast, α_1^\ast, ...,α_r^\ast)\in \bar k^{2r}$ off a proper Zariski closed subset.
Removal of Phosphate at Low Concentration from Water by Porous PVA/Al2O3 Composites
Creators: name: Li, Xiaohu
name: Hu, Xiaoya
name: Fu, Yuzheng
name: Ai, Huiying
name: Fu, Ming-Lai
name: Yuan, Baoling
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: The porous polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Al2O3 composite by supporting activated alumina on the cross-linked network of PVA has been successfully prepared and its property for the removal of phosphate in aqueous solution was also evaluated. The structure of the PVA/Al2O3 was examined by scanning electron microscopy. It showed that the activated alumina particles with average size of 1 μm were evenly dispersed and fixed in the cross-linked network structure of PVA. The effects of adsorption time, solution temperature, pH, initial concentration of phosphate, Al2O3 loading rate, dosage and coexisting ions on the phosphate removal were further studied. The results showed that the highest removal phosphate efficiency of 95% can be obtained with the Al2O3 loading rate of PVA/Al2O3 being 60 wt.% at pH of 4 at 30 °C. The maximum adsorption capacities of PO4 3- by PVA/Al2O3 suggested by the Langmuir isothermal model was 10.12 mg/g. The adsorption process of phosphate can be fit well with a pseudo-second-order model (R2 = 0.9900). The PVA/Al2O3 composite exhibited a high selective adsorption of phosphate in the presence of commonly coexisting anions except the obvious effect of CO3 2- in water. Meanwhile, the PVA/Al2O3 composite can be easily separated and recovered due to the granulation of adsorbent. PVA/Al2O3 composite also shows the excellent properties of regeneration and recycling use with the removal efficiency of phosphate was 88.93%, 88.38% and 94.34% after three cycles, respectively. It can be proposed that the PVA/Al2O3 composite is a promising recyclable adsorbent for removing phosphate at low concentration from aqueous solution.
Wave approach for the resonances of rectangular and triangular membranes
Creators: name: Dickey, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study develops a ray technique for determining the resonance frequencies of triangular membranes. The technique is demonstrated for homogenous rectangular and triangular membranes with fixed boundaries. Where possible, the results are compared with exact calculations. The membrane resonances are calculated using an equivalent string whose length is proportional to the reciprocal of the length of closed paths starting from an arbitrary point within the membrane. Closed paths are ray paths which arrive back at the starting point going in the same direction.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
From nameless Marxist to public sociologist : the intellectual trajectory of Shen Yuan in contemporary China
Creators: name: Lachapelle, François
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: The study of intellectuals constitutes a vibrant intersection of political sociology, sociology of knowledge, sociology of intellectual life, and sociological theory. Influential scholars such as Karl Mannheim, Zygmunt Bauman, Pierre Bourdieu, and Michel Foucault have enriched the social-historical understanding of intellectuals in modern societies; and more recently, the New Sociology of Ideas (NSI) has extended this endeavour with studies of social scientists and humanities scholars in Western countries. This thesis, however, documenting the intellectual trajectory of Shen Yuan (沈原, b. 1954) since the 1960s, is the first empirical study of a Chinese social scientist as a public intellectual produce within the sub-field of the NSI. It explains how Shen negotiated an authoritarian regime to become a public intellectual. In order to explore such a process, this study demonstrates the importance of attending to the way Shen sees and defines himself as an intellectual. Following Gross’s theory of Intellectual Self-Concept, the research shows that the key to understanding the making of Shen as a public intellectual is to study the Chinese sociologist’s changing intellectual identity, from problematic Marxist during the 1980s and 1990s to public sociology after 2000. To trace Shen’s intellectual trajectory, this research utilized original interviews with Shen Yuan and several of his students in Beijing, and primary sources including Shen’s publications. While employing various interpretative tools, including Gross’s intellectual self-concept, Bourdieu’s field and habitus, and Watson’s dual concepts of orthopraxy and orthodoxy, the research makes two conceptual contributions to the sociology of intellectual life: both archived identity and conceptual literacy hone an analytical understanding of the development and work of public intellectuals.
Optimal Protocols for Nonlocality Distillation
Creators: name: Hoyer, Peter
name: Rashid, Jibran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Forster, Winkler, and Wolf recently showed that weak nonlocality can be amplified by giving the first protocol that distills a class of nonlocal boxes (NLBs) [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 120401 (2009)]. We first show that their protocol is optimal among all non-adaptive protocols. We next consider adaptive protocols. We show that the depth 2 protocol of Allcock et al. [Phys. Rev. A 80, 062107, (2009)] performs better than previously known adaptive depth 2 protocols for all symmetric NLBs. We present a new depth 3 protocol that extends the known region of distillable NLBs. We give examples of NLBs for which each of Forster et al.'s, Allcock et al.'s, and our protocol performs best. The new understanding we develop is that there is no single optimal protocol for NLB distillation. The choice of which protocol to use depends on the noise parameters for the NLB.
description: RevTeX4, 6 pages with 4 figures
Neighbourhoods and isotopies of knots in contact 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Geiges, Hansjörg
name: Ding, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D10, 57M25, 57R52

description: We prove a neighbourhood theorem for arbitrary knots in contact 3-manifolds. As an application we show that two topologically isotopic Legendrian knots in a contact 3-manifold become Legendrian isotopic after suitable stabilisations.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Spinodal Phase Separation in Liquid Films with Quenched Disorder
Creators: name: Vashishtha, Manish
name: Jaiswal, Prabhat K.
name: Khanna, Rajesh
name: Puri, Sanjay
name: Sharma, Ashutosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spinodal phase separation in unstable thin liquid films on chemically disordered substrates via simulations of the thin-film equation. The disorder is characterized by immobile patches of varying size and Hamaker constant. The effect of disorder is pronounced in the early stages (amplification of fluctuations), remains during the intermediate stages and vanishes in the late stages (domain growth). These findings are in contrast to the well-known effects of quenched disorder in usual phase-separation processes, viz., the early stages remain undisturbed and domain growth is slowed down in the asymptotic regime. We also address the inverse problem of estimating disorder by thin-film experiments.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Classification of Parameter-Dependent Quantum Integrable Models, Their Parameterization, Exact Solution, and Other Properties
Creators: name: Owusu, Haile K.
name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study general quantum integrable Hamiltonians linear in a coupling constant and represented by finite NxN real symmetric matrices. The restriction on the coupling dependence leads to a natural notion of nontrivial integrals of motion and classification of integrable families into Types according to the number of such integrals. A Type M family in our definition is formed by N-M nontrivial mutually commuting operators linear in the coupling. Working from this definition alone, we parameterize Type M operators, i.e. resolve the commutation relations, and obtain an exact solution for their eigenvalues and eigenvectors. We show that our parameterization covers all Type 1, 2, and 3 integrable models and discuss the extent to which it is complete for other types. We also present robust numerical observation on the number of energy level crossings in Type M integrable systems and analyze the taxonomy of types in the 1d Hubbard model.
description: 41 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Convex Optimization In Identification Of Stable Non-Linear State Space Models
Creators: name: Tobenkin, Mark M.
name: Manchester, Ian R.
name: Wang, Jennifer
name: Megretski, Alexandre
name: Tedrake, Russ
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new framework for nonlinear system identification is presented in terms of optimal fitting of stable nonlinear state space equations to input/output/state data, with a performance objective defined as a measure of robustness of the simulation error with respect to equation errors. Basic definitions and analytical results are presented. The utility of the method is illustrated on a simple simulation example as well as experimental recordings from a live neuron.
description: 9 pages, 2 figure, elaboration of same-title paper in 49th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control
A simple trapped-ion architecture for high-fidelity Toffoli gates
Creators: name: Borrelli, Massimo
name: Mazzola, Laura
name: Paternostro, Mauro
name: Maniscalco, Sabrina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a simple architecture for a quantum Toffoli gate implemented using three trapped ions. The gate, which in principle can be implemented with a single laser-induced operation, is effective under rather general conditions and is strikingly robust (within any experimentally realistic range of values) against dephasing, heating and random fluctuations of the Hamiltonian parameters. We provide a full characterization of the unitary and noise-affected gate using three-qubit quantum process tomography.
Supplementary Material Fortunato_R1.docx from The more numerous the longer: how the integration between numerosity and time leads to a common neural response
Creators: name: Fortunato, Gianfranco
name: Togoli, Irene
name: Bueti, Domenica
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: If you are stuck in a traffic jam, the more numerous the queuing cars are, the longer you expect to wait. Time and numerosity are stimulus dimensions often associated in the same percept and whose interaction can lead to misjudgements. At brain level it is unclear to which extent time and numerosity recruit same/different neural populations and how their perceptual integration leads to changes in these populations' responses. Here we used high-spatial resolution fMRI with neural model-based analyses to investigate how the topographic representation of numerosity and time change when these dimensions are varied together on the same visual stimulus in a congruent (the more numerous the items, the longer the display time) or incongruent manner. Compared to baseline conditions, where only one dimension was changed at a time, the variation of both stimulus dimensions led to changes in neural population responses that either became more sensitive to the two features or to one of them. Magnitude integration led also to degradation of topographies and shifts in response preferences. These changes were more pronounced in the comparison between parietal and frontal maps. Our results while pointing out to partially distinct representations of time and numerosity show a common neural response to magnitude integration.
Geodesics, volumes and Lehmer's conjecture
Creators: name: Belolipetsky, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this report I discuss the relations between systoles and volumes of hyperbolic manifolds and a conjecture of Lehmer about the Mahler measure of non-cyclotomic polynomials.
description: 4 pages
"We speak the language of changemakers" : critical pedagogies and transformative multiliteracies in a community of practice beyond ESL
Creators: name: Meredith, Kimberly Janine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: As educators face the challenge of preparing students for local and global citizenship in societies marked by such cultural and linguistic complexity that researchers have labeled them “super-diverse” (Blommaert & Rampton, 2011; Vertovec, 2007), older models of English as a Second Language instruction that aimed at the assimilation of non-English speakers into English-dominant societies are giving way to a new wave of pedagogical approaches including multiliteracies (New London Group, 2000) and pluriliteracies (Lin, 2013; Taylor & Snoddon, 2013) that recognize—and create citizens who recognize—the value of linguistic diversity, the necessity of critical linguistic awareness, and the possibility for linguistic inclusion and transformative change. My research investigates the meaning-making practices and identities of linguistically-diverse youth engaged in transformative multiliteracies pedagogies (Cummins, 2009) at an international seminar on youth leadership for social change. In an alternative international education setting, this study explores what is possible in terms of pedagogy, practice, and policy when we move beyond “ESL”/ “Native English Speaker” to include the plurilingual and multimodal resources, identities and practices of all participants. This study takes a critical approach to language and literacy pedagogy (Morgan & Ramanathan, 2005; Janks, 2010; Norton & Toohey, 2011), multilingualism (Blackledge & Creese, 2010; Alim 2010), plurilingualism (Lin, 2013), and language learning (Norton & Toohey, 2004). In addition, this investigation takes a community of practice approach to learning and competency (Lave & Wenger, 1991; Wenger, 1999) and a social practice approach to identity (Norton, 2000, 2013) and language (Pennycook, 2010a; Blackledge & Creese, 2010). This critical ethnography (Anderson, 1989; Carspecken, 2001; Talmy, 2010a) draws on a small stories (Bamberg & Georgakopoulou, 2008) narrative approach and a Bakhtinian (1981) discourse analysis to investigate the communicative practices and identity positionings of linguistically diverse youth. Video ethnography (Heath, Hindmarsh, & Luff, 2010) and interview as a social practice (Talmy, 2010c) were used to approach the rich discursive practices of the community as the participants engaged in activities that encourage and explore diversity, access, power, and design—the four interconnected elements of Janks’ (2009) critical literacy framework.
Projective measurement of a single nuclear spin qubit by using two-mode cavity QED
Creators: name: Eto, Yujiro
name: Noguchi, Atsushi
name: Zhang, Peng
name: Ueda, Masahito
name: Kozuma, Mikio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the implementation of projective measurement on a single 1/2 nuclear spin of the 171Yb atom by measuring the polarization of cavity-enhanced fluorescence. To obtain cavity-enhanced fluorescence having a nuclear-spin-dependent polarization, we construct a two-mode cavity QED system, in which two cyclic transitions are independently coupled to each of the orthogonally polarized cavity modes, by manipulating the energy level of 171Yb. This system can associate the nuclear spin degrees of freedom with the polarization of photons, which will facilitate the development of hybrid quantum systems.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
The entropy efficiency of point-push mapping classes on the punctured disk
Creators: name: Boyland, Philip
name: Harrington, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E30

description: We study the maximal entropy per unit generator of push-point mapping classes on the punctured disk. Our work is motivated by fluid mixing by rods in a planar domain. If a single rod moves among N-fixed obstacles, the resulting fluid diffeomorphism is in the push-point mapping class associated with the loop in π_1(D^2 - {N points}) traversed by the single stirrer. The collection of motions in each of which the stirrer goes around a single obstacle generate the group of push-point mapping classes, and the entropy efficiency with respect to these generators gives a topological measure of the mixing per unit energy expenditure of the mapping class. We give lower and upper bounds for Eff(N), the maximal efficiency in the presence of N obstacles, and prove that Eff(N) -> log(3) as N -> \infty. For the lower bound we compute the entropy efficiency of a specific push-point protocol, HSP_N, which we conjecture achieves the maximum. The entropy computation uses the action on chains in a \Z-covering space of the punctured disk which is designed for push-point protocols. For the upper bound we estimate the exponential growth rate of the action of the push-point mapping classes on the fundamental group of the punctured disk using a collection of incidence matrices and then computing the generalized spectral radius of the collection.
The role of amorphogenesis in the enzymatic deconstruction of lignocellulosic biomass
Creators: name: Gourlay, Keith Ian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2014

description: Agricultural and forestry-derived fibres can be converted into fuels and chemicals via a biorefinery. However, the densely-packed fibrillar architecture of lignocellulosic biomass makes the cellulose inherently inaccessible to the enzymes involved in this bioconversion process. This limits the efficiency of enzymatic deconstruction and necessitates relatively high enzyme/protein loadings, which decreases the economic viability of the overall process. It has previously been suggested that the rate-limiting step of cellulose hydrolysis is not the depolymerisation of the carbohydrate chains, but rather the rate at which the enzymes can gain access to the cellulose buried within the biomass. Recently, several proteins such as the Expansins, Swollenin and Loosenin have been shown to disrupt the cellulosic structure without directly depolymerizing the carbohydrates. This protein-induced “amorphogenesis” is thought to occur as a delamination, splitting, peeling, swelling, or decrystallizing of the biomass, thereby enhancing accessibility of the entrenched carbohydrates to the depolymerizing enzymes. However, a key challenge when studying these amorphogenesis-inducing proteins involves quantifying their disruptive effects. While depolymerizing enzymes can be readily quantified by measuring the amount of liberated soluble sugars, amorphogenesis-inducing proteins are thought to promote a variety of disruptive effects without releasing soluble products. As the undefined nature of the amorphogenesis end product makes quantification challenging, one of the initial goals of the work was to refine/develop techniques to better quantify amorphogenesis. Two distinct carbohydrate binding modules (CBMs), one of which preferentially binds to crystalline cellulose and the other to amorphous cellulose were used to track changes in cellulose accessibility and surface morphology. When various substrates were treated with the amorphogenesis-inducing protein, Swollenin, CBM adsorption revealed that Swollenin promoted the dispersal and disruption of the more amorphous regions of biomass, increasing the access of the depolymerizing enzymes to the cellulose component. Subsequent work involving the fluorescent tagging of these CBMs and confocal microscopy further suggested that Swollenin was targeting the less-ordered regions of the cellulosic substrate. When Swollenin was assessed for its ability to disrupt an industrially-relevant substrate, steam pretreated corn stover, it primarily targeted amorphous regions where it synergised strongly with xylanases (~300%), promoting the release of hemicellulosic oligomers.
The targum (1874:Oct.)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1874

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Multiple Scattering Formulation of Two Dimensional Acoustic and Electromagnetic Metamaterials
Creators: name: Torrent, Daniel
name: Sánchez-Dehesa, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work presents a multiple scattering formulation of two dimensional acoustic metamaterials. It is shown that in the low frequency limit multiple scattering allows us to define frequency-dependent effective acoustic parameters for arrays of both ordered and disordered cylinders. This formulation can lead to both positive and negative acoustic parameters, where the acoustic parameters are the scalar bulk modulus and the tensorial mass density and, therefore, anisotropic wave propagation is allowed with both positive or negative refraction index. It is also shown that the surface fields on the scatterer are the main responsible of the anomalous behavior of the effective medium, therefore complex scatterers can be used to engineer the frequency response of the effective medium, and some examples of application to different scatterers are given. Finally, the theory is extended to electromagnetic wave propagation, where Mie resonances are found to be the responsible of the metamaterial behavior. As an application, it is shown that it is possible to obtain metamaterials with negative permeability and permittivity tensors by arrays of all-dielectric cylinders and that anisotropic cylinders can tune the frequency response of these resonances.
A systematic review of physical activity, sedentary behaviour and sleep health interventions to improve glycemic control
Creators: name: Duncan, Mitch
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Health
subject: sleep health
subject: systematic review
subject: physical activity
subject: sedentary behaviour

description: What is the impact of multiple lifestyle behaviour interventions targeting physical activity (PA) or physical activity and diet (PAD) in combination with sleep and/or sedentary behaviour on glycaemic control measures (primary outcome), BMI (Body Mass Index), waist circumference and lipid profile (secondary outcomes) relative to control conditions (no intervention or usual care) and other behavioural interventions (PA only and PAD) in adults at risk of or with type 2 diabetes.
Constraining sterile neutrinos with a low energy beta-beam
Creators: name: Agarwalla, Sanjib Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility to use a low energy beta-beam facility to search for sterile neutrinos by measuring the disappearance of electron anti-neutrinos. This channel is particularly sensitive since it allows to use inverse beta decay as detection reaction; thus it is free from hadronic uncertainties, provided the neutrino energy is below the pion production threshold. This corresponds to a choice of the Lorentz gamma=30 for the 6He parent ion. Moreover, a disappearance measurement allows the constraint of sterile neutrino properties independently of any CP violating effects. A moderate detector size of a few 100 tons and ion production rates of 2E13 per second are sufficient to constrain mixing angles as small as \sin^22θ=0.01 at 99% confidence level.
description: Talk given at 11th International Workshop on Neutrino Factories, Superbeams and Betabeams: NuFact09, Chicago, Illinois, 20-25 Jul 2009
Marting_et_al_SupplementalMaterials.docx from Manipulating nest architecture reveals three-dimensional building strategies and colony resilience in honeybees
Creators: name: Marting, Peter R.
name: Koger, Benjamin
name: Smith, Michael L.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Structural Biology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Form follows function throughout the development of an organism. This principle should apply beyond the organism to the nests they build, but empirical studies are lacking. Honeybees provide a uniquely suited system to study nest form and function throughout development because we can image the three-dimensional structure repeatedly and non-destructively. Here, we tracked nest-wide comb growth in six colonies over 45 days (control colonies) and found that colonies have a stereotypical process of development that maintains a spheroid nest shape. To experimentally test if nest structure is important for colony function, we shuffled the nests of an additional six colonies, weekly rearranging the comb positions and orientations (shuffled colonies). Surprisingly, we found no differences between control and shuffled colonies in multiple colony performance metrics—worker population, comb area, hive weight and nest temperature. However, using predictive modelling to examine how workers allocate comb to expand their nests, we show that shuffled colonies compensate for these disruptions by accounting for the three-dimensional structure to reconnect their nest. This suggests that nest architecture is more flexible than previously thought, and that superorganisms have mechanisms to compensate for drastic architectural perturbations and maintain colony function.
Separation of Electromagnetic and Chemical Contributions to Surface-Enhanced Raman Spectra on Nanoengineered Plasmonic Substrates
Creators: name: Saikin, Semion K.
name: Chu, Yizhuo
name: Rappoport, Dmitrij
name: Crozier, Kenneth B.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Raman signals from molecules adsorbed on a noble metal surface are enhanced by many orders of magnitude due to the plasmon resonances of the substrate. Additionally, the enhanced spectra are modified compared to the spectra of neat molecules: many vibrational frequencies are shifted and relative intensities undergo significant changes upon attachment to the metal. With the goal of devising an effective scheme for separating the electromagnetic and chemical effects, we explore the origin of the Raman spectra modification of benzenethiol adsorbed on nanostructured gold surfaces. The spectral modifications are attributed to the frequency dependence of the electromagnetic enhancement and to the effect of chemical binding. The latter contribution can be reproduced computationally using molecule-metal cluster models. We present evidence that the effect of chemical binding is mostly due to changes in the electronic structure of the molecule rather than to the fixed orientation of molecules relative to the substrate.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
title: Portuguese India
title: Portuguese India
Creators: name: Reis, Célia
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Portugiesisch-Indien
subject: Portugal--Colonies--Asia

description: Although not directly involved in military operations, Portuguese India was linked to World War I through the capture of German and Austrian ships and the imprisonment of their crewmen. This period was also one of internal political turmoil and there was some change in Portuguese India’s foreign trade.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Novel Biomarkers and Protein-Protein interactions of uterine fibroids
Creators: name: Saini, Ramanjeet kaur
name: Silverman, Rosalind
name: Silverman, Lorelei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomarkers
subject: Diseases
subject: 110106 Medical Biochemistry: Proteins and Peptides (incl. Medical Proteomics)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111006 Midwifery
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111207 Molecular Targets
subject: 111402 Obstetrics and Gynaecology
subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: 111404 Reproduction
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology

description: Uterine fibroids are noncancerous growths of the uterus that often appear during childbearing years. Also called leiomyomas or myomas, uterine fibroids are not associated with an increased risk of uterine cancer and almost never develop into cancer. Fibroids range in size from seedlings, undetectable by the human eye, to bulky masses that can distort and enlarge the uterus. Women can have a single fibroid or multiple ones. In extreme cases, multiple fibroids can expand the uterus so much that it reaches the rib cage and can add weight. Many women have uterine fibroids sometime during their lives usually in their reproductive age. But they might not know they have uterine fibroids because they often cause no symptoms. The physician may discover fibroids incidentally during a pelvic exam or prenatal ultrasound. Without this critical basic understanding, advances in non-invasive therapies cannot be developed and optimal individualized therapies adopted. Having alternative options that are not as invasive as hysterectomy is important. One of the main concerns of women with symptomatic fibroids is the ability to work and carry-on normal activities without interference from heavy menstrual bleeding or other symptoms. Surgical procedures require a longer recovery time so medical therapy is preferred.
title: Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele
title: Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele
Creators: name: Di Scala, Spencer
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele
subject: Orlando, Vittorio Emanuele, 1860-1952

description: A renowned jurist with lasting influence, Vittorio Emanuele Orlando served as justice and interior minister between 1916 and 1917, implementing liberal policies despite strong opposition. As prime minister after the Caporetto crisis he rallied Italy, instituted social reforms, reorganized the army, protected civil rights, preserved civilian control of the military, and led the country to victory.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Seed dispersal by frugivore birds on native Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) in urban forest fragments
Creators: name: Manyu Zhang
name: Han, Qian
name: Changhu Lu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Supplementary materials of Seed dispersal by frugivore birds on native Chinaberry (Melia azedarach) in urban forest fragments
title: Centenary (Visual Arts)
title: Centenary (Visual Arts)
Creators: name: Gough, Paul
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Kunst
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918, Motiv]
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Art and the war

description: The commemorative period between 2014 and 2018 was marked globally by numerous exhibitions of original artworks that had been commissioned and created during and immediately after World War 1. Most national and state museums and galleries also curated comprehensive survey shows of original work from the period; some curators took a thematic approach, some designed new permanent exhibits, and a significant number created innovative opportunities for contemporary artists to reflect on the centenary through the creation of artefacts, installations and exhibitions.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Antiferromagnetic Heisenberg S=5/2 spin chain compound SrMn$_2$V$_2$O$_8$
Creators: name: Niesen, Sandra K.
name: Heyer, Oliver
name: Lorenz, Thomas
name: Valldor, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large single crystals of the new compound SrMn$_2$V$_2$O$_8$ have been grown by the floating-zone method. This transition-metal based oxide is isostructural to SrNi$_2$V$_2$O$_8$, described by the tetragonal space group $I4_1cd$. Magnetic properties were investigated by means of susceptibility, magnetization, and specific heat measurements. The title compound behaves like a one-dimensional magnetic system above the ordering temperature ($T_N$ = 43 K). The magnetic ground state can be described as a classical long-range ordered antiferromagnet with weak anisotropy.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, 1 table