cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On Classification with Bags, Groups and Sets
Creators: name: Cheplygina, Veronika
name: Tax, David M. J.
name: Loog, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many classification problems can be difficult to formulate directly in terms of the traditional supervised setting, where both training and test samples are individual feature vectors. There are cases in which samples are better described by sets of feature vectors, that labels are only available for sets rather than individual samples, or, if individual labels are available, that these are not independent. To better deal with such problems, several extensions of supervised learning have been proposed, where either training and/or test objects are sets of feature vectors. However, having been proposed rather independently of each other, their mutual similarities and differences have hitherto not been mapped out. In this work, we provide an overview of such learning scenarios, propose a taxonomy to illustrate the relationships between them, and discuss directions for further research in these areas.
title: Populismus und die Gestaltung der amerikanischen Außenpolitik
Creators: name: Robatsch, Alexander
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit möchte anhand der Präsidentschaft von Donald J. Trump herausfinden, welche Rolle der Populismus in der amerikanischen Außenpolitik spielt. Wie nahmen Trumps präsidentielle Entscheidungen Bezug auf populistische Kernthemen? Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfrage werden öffentliche Statements der Trump-Regierung mit Hinblick auf außenpolitische Handlungen untersucht. Zahlreiche Fallbeispiele zeigen auf, dass der 45. amerikanische Präsident bei seiner Außenpolitik, die sich durch „America First“-Nationalismus sowie Skepsis gegenüber Multilateralismus auszeichnete, oftmals auf populistische Diskurse und Themen zurückgriff. Neben dem herkömmlichen Populismus, der in Form von Anti-Elitismus auftritt, stellt dessen außenpolitische Spielvariante einen weiteren interessanten Untersuchungsgegenstand dar und verlangt nach weiterer Forschung.
description: Based on the presidency of Donald J. Trump, the present master's thesis examines the role of populism in American foreign policy. How did Trump's presidential foreign policy decisions refer to core issues of populism? To answer the research question, public statements of the Trump-Administration with regard to foreign policy actions will be examined. Numerous case studies show that the foreign policy of the 45. President of the United States, characterised by “America First”-nationalism and scepticism towards multilateralism, often drew on populistic discourses and topics. Besides the conventional populism in form of anti-elitism, the foreign policy variety of populism is another interesting object of study and needs further research.
title: An overview on EU antitrust decisions and their guidelines
Creators: name: Gornik, Johannes
Year: 2021

description: Basierend auf einer Analyse von Fällen nach Artikel 102 im Zeitraum von 1999 bis 2019 soll in dieser Arbeit untersucht werden, wie die Veröffentlichung von Leitlinien die Durchsetzung der Europäischen Kommission bei Fällen von Missbrauch von Dominanz beeinflusst hat. Insbesondere, wie das Leitlinienpapier 2009 zu strukturellen Änderungen, in Bezug auf die Durchsetzung in Fällen des Missbrauchs einer beherrschenden Marktstellung führte und ob die neue Berechnungsmethode in den Leitlinien für Geldbußen von 2006, zu Änderungen in der Höhe der gegen Unternehmen verhängten Geldbußen führte oder nicht. Auf der strukturellen Seite deuten die Ergebnisse darauf hin, dass es nur begrenzte Änderungen bei der Durchsetzung gibt, mit Ausnahme von Verpflichtungszusagen, die in Fällen, die den Europäischen Wirtschaftsraum betreffen, viel häufiger geworden sind. Die Geldbußen hingegen waren nach 2006 erheblich höher als davor, es scheint jedoch so, dass die Europäische Kommission, die in den Leitlinien für Geldbußen beschriebene Berechnungsformel nicht vollständig befolgt.
description: Based on an analysis of Article 102 cases during the period of 1999 to 2019, this thesis aims to assess how the release of Guidelines has influenced the European Commission’s enforcement in abuse of dominance cases. More specifically if the 2009 Guidance paper led to structural changes, concerning the enforcement of abuse of dominance cases, and whether or not the new calculation method provided in the 2006 Guidelines on fines led to changes in the level of fines imposed on undertakings. On the structural side the findings suggest that there are only limited changes to enforcement, with the exception of commitment decisions which have become much more popular for cases concerning the European Economic Area. Fines on the other hand have increased significantly after 2006, however it seems that the European Commission does not entirely follow its own calculation formular outlined in the Guidelines on fines.
Symmetry breaking patterns in 3HDM
Creators: name: Ivanov, I. P.
name: Nishi, C. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An attractive feature of New Physics models with multiple Higgs fields is that they are equipped with discrete symmetry groups in the Higgs and flavour sectors. These symmetry groups are often broken at the global minimum of the Higgs potential, either completely or to a proper subgroup, with certain phenomenological consequences. Here, we systematically explore these symmetry breaking patterns in the scalar sector of the three-Higgs-doublet model (3HDM). We use the full list of discrete symmetry groups allowed in 3HDM, and for each group we find all possible ways it can break by the Higgs vacuum expectation value alignment. We also discuss the interplay between these symmetry groups and various forms of CP-violation in the scalar sector of 3HDM. Not only do our results solve the problem for 3HDM, but they also hint at several general features in multi-scalar sectors.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables; v2: expanded introduction, matches published version
WKREDFISH Data call 2017 for redfish landings, discards, biological samples, and effort data
Creators: name: ICES
Publisher: name: Data Calls
Year: 2018
Subjects: Technologies and data

description: WKREDFISH Data call 2017 for redfish landings, discards, biological samples, and effort data from 1992–2016 in support of ICES benchmark of selected stocks under WKREDFISH 2018
Infrared-active phonon modes in monoclinic multiferroic MnWO4
Creators: name: Möller, T.
name: Becker, P.
name: Bohaty, L.
name: Hemberger, J.
name: Grüninger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on polarized infrared reflectivity measurements of multiferroic, monoclinic MnWO4 between 10K and 295K. The full dielectric tensor and the frequency dependence of the orientation of the principal axes have been determined in the frequency range of the phonons. All infrared-active phonon modes (7 A_u modes and 8 B_u modes) are unambiguously identified. In particular the strongest B_u modes have been overlooked in previous studies, in which the monoclinic symmetry was neglected in the analysis. Using a generalized Drude-Lorentz model, we determine the temperature dependence of the phonon parameters, including the orientation of the B_u modes within the ac plane. The phonon parameters and their temperature dependence have been discussed controversially in previous studies, which do not include a full polarization analysis. Our data does not confirm any of the anomalies reported above 20K. However, in the paramagnetic phase we find a drastic reduction of the spectral weights of the weakest A_u mode and of the weakest B_u mode with increasing temperature. Below 20K, the parameters of the A_u phonon modes for E||b show only subtle changes, which demonstrate a finite but weak coupling between lattice dynamics and magnetism in MnWO4. A quantitative comparison of our infrared data with the quasi-static dielectric constant epsilon_b indicates that the spectral weight of the electromagnon is tiny for E||b, in particular much smaller than the weak changes of the spectral weight of the phonons.
description: published version, minor changes, 1 figure revised, 16 pages, 15 figures
title: „Cui bono?”
Creators: name: Zheng, Coni Cassius
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit den Themen maschinelle Übersetzung, Postedition und literarisches Übersetzen. Eine englische Kurzgeschichte wurde mittels dem Online-Übersetzungstool „DeepL“ ins Deutsche übersetzt und in der Folge posteditiert. Die Posteditionen wurden mit Humanübersetzungen verglichen. Alle Zieltexte wurden von vier Studierenden der Translation der Universität Wien produziert. Die Evaluierung wurde von einer professionellen Übersetzerin durchgeführt. Im Durchschnitt wurden die Posteditionen um 30% schneller produziert und um 16% besser bewertet als die Humanübersetzungen. In allen Kategorien schnitten die posteditierten Texte besser, oder zumindest genauso gut ab wie die Humanübersetzungen. Die verwendeten Messgrößen waren Grammatik, Lexik, Syntax, Stilistik, Flüssigkeit, Genauigkeit und Vollständigkeit.
description: This thesis explores the topics of machine translation, postediting and literary translation. Using the online translation tool "DeepL" an English short story was translated into German and then postedited. The postedited texts were compared with human translations. All of the translations and postedited texts were produced by four translation students of the University of Vienna. The evaluation was carried out by a professional translator. On average, the postedited texts were produced 30% faster and rated 16% better than the human translations. In all measured variables the postedited texts performed better, or at least as well as the human translations. The metrics used were grammar, lexis, syntax, stylistics, fluency, accuracy and completeness.
title: Die subjektive Rollenwahrnehmung von WirtschaftsdolmetscherInnen mit der Sprachkombination Italienisch < > Deutsch
Creators: name: Gioiosa, Maria Laura
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Masterarbeit untersucht die Rolle von WirtschaftsdolmetscherInnen mit der Sprachkombination Italienisch < > Deutsch aus ihrer subjektiven Perspektive. Das Ziel der Arbeit ist die Analyse des Einflusses der Wirtschaftssprache, von kulturell geprägten Aspekten, der Steuerung der Kommunikation und sowie der Auswirkungen von „Adjustments“ (Takimoto 2006) auf die Rolle von WirtschaftsdolmetscherInnen. Dabei wird in Anlehnung an Chestermans (2001) Modell der Translationsethik auch die im Wirtschaftsbereich beherrschende Ethik untersucht. Im ersten Teil erfolgt ein Überblick über den theoretischen Ansatz (Chestermans Modell der Translationsethik) und den Forschungsstand zum Wirtschaftsdolmetschen, die als Ausgangspunkt der vorliegenden Analyse dienen. In weiterer Folge wird auf die im Rahmen der vorliegenden Studie zu untersuchenden Aspekte des Wirtschaftsdolmetschens eingegangen. Die empirische Untersuchung bedient sich einer qualitativen Methode. Als Erhebungsmethode dient das leitfadengestützte Interview mit acht (italienisch- und deutschmuttersprachigen) Wirtschaftsdolmetscherinnen. Die Auswertung der erhobenen Daten erfolgt mittels der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring (2010). Es lässt sich schlussfolgern, dass die Rolle von WirtschaftsdolmetscherInnen mit der Sprachkombination Italienisch < > Deutsch aus ihrer subjektiven Perspektive aktiv und flexibel ist. Zudem erscheint die „ethics of communication“ im Wirtschaftsbereich als vorherrschend.
description: This master’s thesis investigates the role of business interpreters with the language combination Italian < > German. The present study aims to analyse the influence of business language, culture, control of communication and “adjustments activities” (Takimoto 2006) on the role of business interpreters. Following Chesterman’s (2001) model of translation ethics, the study also examines ethics in business interpreting. The first part gives an overview of the theoretical approach (Chesterman’s model of translation ethics) and the state of research on business interpreting, which provide a starting point for the analysis in this thesis. Subsequently, those aspects which are studied in depth in this thesis are presented in more detail. The empirical study employs a qualitative methodology. Guided interviews are used to collect data on the research topic from eight (Italian and German-speaking) business interpreters. The data are evaluated by means of qualitative content analysis according to Mayring (2010). The results of this study suggest that the role of business interpreters with the language combination Italian < > German is active and flexible from their point of view. Furthermore, the “ethics of communication” appears to be dominant in the business sector.
Behavior Tree Generation using Large Language Models for Sequential Manipulation Planning with Human Instructions and Feedback
Creators: name: Ao, Jicong
name: Wu, Yansong
name: Wu, Fan
name: Haddadin, Sami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this work, we propose an LLM-based BT generation framework to leverage the strengths of both for sequential manipulation planning. To enable human-robot collaborative task planning and enhance intuitive robot programming by nonexperts, the framework takes human instructions to initiate the generation of action sequences and human feedback to refine BT generation in runtime. All presented methods within the framework are tested on a real robotic assembly example, which uses a gear set model from the Siemens Robot Assembly Challenge. We use a single manipulator with a tool-changing mechanism, a common practice in flexible manufacturing, to facilitate robust grasping of a large variety of objects. Experimental results are evaluated regarding success rate, logical coherence, executability, time consumption, and token consumption. To our knowledge, this is the first human-guided LLM-based BT generation framework that unifies various plausible ways of using LLMs to fully generate BTs that are executable on the real testbed and take into account granular knowledge of tool use.
Development of additively manufactured nickel-based superalloys toward optimal creep performance
Creators: name: WU, SHUN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Additive manufacturing
Modelling and simulation
Aerospace materials

description: This thesis examines the creep properties of additively manufactured nickel- based superalloys. It develops the understanding of relationship between the microstructure of additively manufacutred nickel-based superalloys and creep performance through a creep model. Meanwhile, this thesis presents microstructure design strategies for Inconel 718 and Hastelloy X to improve their creep properties.
The star formation main sequence and stellar mass assembly of galaxies in the Illustris simulation
Creators: name: Sparre, Martin
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Springel, Volker
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Genel, Shy
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Sijacki, Debora
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the physical processes that drive star formation is a key challenge for galaxy formation models. In this article we study the tight correlation between the star formation rate (SFR) and stellar mass of galaxies at a given redshift, how halo growth influences star formation, and star formation histories of individual galaxies. We study these topics using Illustris, a state-of-the-art cosmological hydrodynamical simulation of galaxy formation. Illustris reproduces the observed relation (the star formation main sequence; SFMS) between SFR and stellar mass at redshifts z=0 and z=4, but at intermediate redshifts of z~2, the simulated SFMS has a significantly lower normalisation than reported by observations. The scatter in the relation is consistent with the observed scatter. However, the fraction of outliers above the SFR-stellar mass relation in Illustris is less than that observed. Galaxies with halo masses of ~10^{12} solar masses dominate the SFR density of the Universe, in agreement with the results of abundance matching. Furthermore, more-massive galaxies tend to form the bulk of their stars at high redshift, which indicates that `downsizing' occurs in Illustris. We also studied the star formation histories of individual galaxies, including the use of a principal component analysis decomposition. We find that for fixed stellar mass, galaxies that form earlier have more-massive black holes at z=0, indicating that star formation and black hole growth are tightly linked processes in Illustris. While many of the properties of normal star-forming galaxies are well-reproduced in the Illustris simulation, forming a realistic population of starbursts will likely require higher resolution and probably a more sophisticated treatment of star formation and feedback from stars and black holes.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, Accepted for MNRAS, Section 6 and Figure 16 are new. Data is available at http://martinsparre.com/dataproducts
title: Vom „Meister des Einfachen“ lernen
Creators: name: Halbmayr, Florian
Year: 2021

description: Die Idee, für Menschen, Aktivitäten und Dinge allgemein verständliche Zeichen zu entwickeln, stammt vom gebürtigen Wiener Wirtschaftswissenschafter und Pädagogen Otto Neurath (1882–1945). Sein Anliegen war es, Wissen für alle Bevölkerungsschichten zugänglich zu machen. Im reformorientierten Roten Wien der Zwischenkriegszeit fand er dafür im von ihm gegründeten Österreichischen Gesellschafts- und Wirtschaftsmuseum günstige Rahmenbedingungen. Als „Wiener Methode der Bildstatistik“ wurden seine Kartogramme und Mengenbilder bekannt. Später, als Neurath in die Niederlande und dann weiter nach Großbritannien emigrieren musste, bekam seine Methode den Namen „International System of Typographic Picture Education“ (Isotype) und im Laufe der Zeit eine beachtliche Reichweite. Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit zeichnet im ersten Teil die berufliche Entwicklung von Otto Neurath nach, erläutert die Besonderheiten seiner Bildstatistik sowie deren umfangreiche Einsatzmöglichkeiten. Im zweiten Teil widmet sie sich dem Einfluss Neuraths auf die Wissensvermittlung im modernen Bildungswesen, insbesondere des GW-Unterrichts. Eine Analyse von österreichischen GW-Schulbüchern für die 9. Schulstufe der AHS zeigt auf, in welcher Art und Weise aktuelle Grafiken, Schaubilder und Karten Neuraths Ideen in sich tragen, aber zum Teil erheblich überformt wurden. Eigene Umsetzungsbeispiele veranschaulichen, wie die konsequente Anwendung der Regeln der Wiener Methode der Bildstatistik auch heute noch wirkungsvoll in der GW-Didaktik eingesetzt werden kann.
Inferring Host Dark Matter Halo Masses of Individual Galaxies from Neighboring Galaxy Counts
Creators: name: Oguri, Masamune
name: Lin, Yen-Ting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How well can we infer host dark matter halo masses of individual galaxies? Based on the halo occupation distribution (HOD) framework, we analytically compute the number of neighboring galaxies within a cylinder of some redshift interval and radius in transverse comoving distance. The result is used to derive the conditional probability distribution function (PDF) of the host halo mass of a galaxy, given the neighboring galaxy counts. We compare our analytic results with those obtained using a realistic mock galaxy catalog, finding reasonable agreements. We find the optimal cylinder radius to be $\sim 0.5-1h^{-1}{\rm Mpc}$ for the inference of halo masses. The PDF is generally broad, and sometimes has two peaks at low- and high-mass regimes, because of the effect of chance projection along the line-of-sight. Potential applications and extensions of the new theoretical framework developed herein are also discussed.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Improving estimates of the number of fake leptons and other mis-reconstructed objects in hadron collider events: BoB's your UNCLE. (Previously "The Matrix Method Reloaded")
Creators: name: Gillam, Thomas P. S.
name: Lester, Christopher G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider current and alternative approaches to setting limits on new physics signals having backgrounds from misidentified objects; for example jets misidentified as leptons, b-jets or photons. Many ATLAS and CMS analyses have used a heuristic matrix method for estimating the background contribution from such sources. We demonstrate that the matrix method suffers from statistical shortcomings that can adversely affect its ability to set robust limits. A rigorous alternative method is discussed, and is seen to produce fake rate estimates and limits with better qualities, but is found to be too costly to use. Having investigated the nature of the approximations used to derive the matrix method, we propose a third strategy that is seen to marry the speed of the matrix method to the performance and physicality of the more rigorous approach.
description: v1 :11 pages, 5 figures. v2: title change requested by referee, and other corrections/clarifications found during review. v3: final tweaks suggested during review + move from revtex to jhep style
Inhomogeneous chiral condensates
Creators: name: Buballa, Michael
name: Carignano, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral condensate, which is constant in vacuum, may become spatially modulated at moderately high densities where in the traditional picture of the QCD phase diagram a first-order chiral phase transition occurs. We review the current status of this idea, which originally dates back to Migdal's pion condensation, but recently received new momentum through studies on the nature of the chiral critical point and by the conjecture of a quarkyonic-matter phase. We discuss how these nonuniform phases emerge in generalized Ginzburg-Landau analyses as well as in specific calculations, both within effective models and in Dyson-Schwinger or large-$N_c$ approaches to QCD. Questions about the most favored shape of the modulations and its dimension, and about the effects of nonzero isospin chemical potential, strange quarks, color superconductivity, and external magnetic fields on these inhomogeneous phases will be addressed as well.
description: 82 pages, 37 figures, review article submitted to Prog. Part. Nucl. Phys.; v2: accepted version
Helping Helpers Supplement Raiber et al 2022
Creators: name: Raiber, Klara
name: Verbakel, Ellen
name: Visser, Mark
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This is the appendix/supplement material for the article "Helping helpers? The role of monetary transfers in combining unpaid care and paid work" accepted in the International Journal of Care and Caring (2022) by Klara Raiber, Ellen Verbakel, and Mark Visser.
title: Schilfgürtel und Schilfbewirtschaftung am Neusiedler See – Entwicklungsfaktoren in Zeiten des Klimawandels
Creators: name: Pravics, Armin
Year: 2021

description: Der Neusiedler See ist der größte See in Österreich und liegt als westlichster Steppensee Europas in einer abflusslosen Wanne. Der See wird beinahe vollständig von einem Schilfgürtel (hauptsächlich Phragmites australis) umgeben, und beherbergt eine enorme Artenvielfalt. Die Heterogenität des Schilfgürtels macht ihn zu einem Ökosystem unvermuteter Komplexität. Der Schilfgürtel wird regelmäßig vom Nationalpark, sowie von privaten Unternehmen bewirtschaftet. Das Ernten des Schilfbestandes hat nicht nur einen ökonomischen Wert für die Region, eine nachhaltige Bewirtschaftung trägt auch maßgeblich dazu bei, die Ökosystemdienstleistungen des Schilfgürtels zu erhalten. Im Laufe seines Bestehens waren der Neusiedlers See, sowie sein Schilfgürtel starken Veränderungen unterworfen. Auch in unserer heutigen Zeit steuert der See auf eine unsichere Zukunft zu. Umweltfaktoren, wie die steigenden Temperaturen und Niedrigwasser, wirtschaftliche Interessen wie Tourismus und Großbau-Projekte sowie die Planung einer Zuleitung von Donauwasser stellen den See und seine Bewahrer vor große Aufgaben. Die Verantwortung für den Schutz der Region ist groß.
Coxeter transformation groups and reflection arrangements in smooth manifolds
Creators: name: Das, Ronno
name: Deshpande, Priyavrat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F55, 52C35, 57S30, 20F36, 20F65

description: Artin groups are a natural generalization of braid groups and are well-understood in certain cases. Artin groups are closely related to Coxeter groups. There is a faithful representation of a Coxeter group $W$ as a linear reflection group on a real vector space $V$. The group acts properly and fixes a union of hyperplanes. The $W$-action extends as the covering space action to the complexified complement of these hyperplanes. The fundamental groups of the complement and the orbit space are the pure Artin group and the Artin group respectively. For the Artin groups of finite type Deligne proved that the associated complement is aspherical. Using the Coxeter group data Salvetti gave a construction of a cell complex which is a $W$-equivariant deformation retract of the complement. This construction was independently generalized by Charney and Davis to the Artin groups of infinite type. A lot of algebraic properties of these groups were discovered using combinatorial and topological properties of this cell complex. In this paper we represent a Coxeter group as a subgroup of diffeomorphisms of a smooth manifold. These so-called Coxeter transformation groups fix a union of codimension-$1$ (reflecting) submanifolds and permute the connected components of the complement. Their action naturally extends to the tangent bundle of the ambient manifold and fixes the union of tangent bundles of these reflecting submanifolds. Fundamental group of the tangent bundle complement and that of its quotient serve as the analogue of pure Artin group and Artin group respectively. The main aim of this paper is to prove Salvetti's theorems in this context. We show that the combinatorial data of the Coxeter transformation group can be used to construct a cell complex homotopy equivalent to the tangent bundle complement and that this homotopy equivalence is equivariant.
description: 18 pages, 2 figures. V2: minor changes, typos fixed. final version
Work measurement as a generalized quantum measurement
Creators: name: Roncaglia, Augusto J.
name: Cerisola, Federico
name: Paz, Juan Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to measure the work $w$ performed on a driven quantum system and to sample its probability distribution $P(w)$. The method is based on a simple fact that remained unnoticed until now: Work on a quantum system can be measured by performing a generalized quantum measurement at a single time. Such measurement, which technically speaking is denoted as a POVM (positive operator valued measure) reduces to an ordinary projective measurement on an enlarged system. This observation not only demystifies work measurement but also suggests a new quantum algorithm to efficiently sample the distribution $P(w)$. This can be used, in combination with fluctuation theorems, to estimate free energies of quantum states on a quantum computer.
description: 4 pages
Superfluid nanomechanical resonator for quantum nanofluidics
Creators: name: Rojas, X.
name: Davis, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a nanomechanical resonator, for which the motional degree of freedom is a superfluid 4He oscillating flow confined to precisely defined nanofluidic channels. It is composed of an in-cavity capacitor measuring the dielectric constant, which is coupled to a superfluid Helmholtz resonance within nanoscale channels, and it enables sensitive detection of nanofluidic quantum flow. We present a model to interpret the dynamics of our superfluid nanomechanical resonator, and we show how it can be used for probing confined geometry effects on thermodynamic functions. We report isobaric measurements of the superfluid fraction in liquid 4He at various pressures, and the onset of quantum turbulence in restricted geometry.
description: 10 pages, 11 figures
Dressed atom revisited: Hamiltonian-independent treatment of the radiative cascade
Creators: name: Pepe, Francesco V.
name: Słowik, Karolina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dressed atom approach provides a tool to investigate the dynamics of an atom-laser system by fully retaining the quantum nature of the coherent mode. In its standard derivation, the internal atom-laser evolution is described within the rotating-wave approximation, which determines a doublet structure of the spectrum and the peculiar fluorescence triplet in the steady state. However, the rotating wave approximation may fail to apply to atomic systems subject to femtosecond light pulses, light-matter systems in the strong-coupling regime or sustaining permanent dipole moments. This work aims to demonstrate how the general features of the steady-state radiative cascade are affected by the interaction of the dressed atom with propagating radiation modes. Rather than focusing on a specific model, we analyze how these features depend on the parameters characterizing the dressed eigenstates in arbitrary atom-laser dynamics, given that a set of general hypotheses is satisfied. Our findings clarify the general conditions in which a description of the radiative cascade in terms of transition between dressed states is self-consistent. We provide a guideline to determine the properties of photon emission for any atom-laser interaction model, which can be particularly relevant when the model should be tailored to enhance a specific line. We apply the general results to the case in which a permanent dipole moment is a source of low-energy emission, whose frequency is of the order of the Rabi coupling.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Advances on Tensor Network Theory: Symmetries, Fermions, Entanglement, and Holography
Creators: name: Orus, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a short review on selected theory developments on Tensor Network (TN) states for strongly correlated systems. Specifically, we briefly review the effect of symmetries in TN states, fermionic TNs, the calculation of entanglement Hamiltonians from Projected Entangled Pair States (PEPS), and the relation between the Multi-scale Entanglement Renormalization Ansatz (MERA) and the AdS/CFT or gauge/gravity duality. We stress the role played by entanglement in the emergence of several physical properties and objects through the TN language. Some recent results along these lines are also discussed.
description: Invited Colloquium for EPJB, 31 pages, 13 figures; revised version, accepted for publication
MPEC 2023-D72 : OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: OBSERVATIONS AND ORBITS OF COMETS AND A/ OBJECTS

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
When the System does not Fit: Coping Strategies of Employment Consultants
Creators: name: Dolata, Mateusz
name: Schenk, Birgit
name: Fuhrer, Jara
name: Marti, Alina
name: Schwabe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Case and knowledge management systems are spread at the frontline across public agencies. However, such systems are dedicated for the collaboration within the agency rather than for the face-to-face interaction with the clients. If used as a collaborative resource at the frontline, case and knowledge management systems might disturb the service provision by displaying unfiltered internal information, disclosing private data of other clients, or revealing the limits of frontline employees' competence (if they cannot explain something) or their authority (if they cannot override something). Observation in the German Public Employment Agency shows that employment consultants make use of various coping strategies during face-to-face consultations to extend existing boundaries set by the case and knowledge management systems and by the rules considering their usage. The analysis of these coping strategies unveils the forces that shape the conduct of employment consultants during their contacts with clients: the consultants' own understanding of work, the actual and the perceived needs of the clients, and the political mission as well as the internal rules of the employment agency. The findings form a twofold contribution: First, they contribute to the discourse on work in employment agencies by illustrating how the complexities of social welfare apparatus demonstrate themselves in singular behavioural patterns. Second, they contribute to the discourse on screen-level bureaucracy by depicting the consultants as active and conscious mediators rather than passive interfaces between the system and the client.
description: Published in Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW) 2020
Innovative schemes for Correlation Plenoptic Imaging
Creators: name: Massaro, Gianlorenzo
name: Di Lena, Francesco
name: Garuccio, Augusto
name: Pepe, Francesco V.
name: D'Angelo, Milena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CPI is a novel imaging modality capable of addressing the intrinsic limitations of conventional plenoptic imaging - namely, the resolution loss and the sacrificed change of perspective, - while guaranteeing the typical advantages of plenotpic imaging: 3D imaging, refocusing of acquired pictures, in post-processing, and depth of field extension. In this work, we review a recently developed CPI scheme, named correlation plenoptic imaging between arbitrary planes, and derive the algorithm for image refocusing.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures
Parallel eigensolvers in plane-wave Density Functional Theory
Creators: name: Levitt, Antoine
name: Torrent, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the problem of parallelizing electronic structure computations in plane-wave Density Functional Theory. Because of the limited scalability of Fourier transforms, parallelism has to be found at the eigensolver level. We show how a recently proposed algorithm based on Chebyshev polynomials can scale into the tens of thousands of processors, outperforming block conjugate gradient algorithms for large computations.
Pen-and-paper Rituals in Service Interaction: Combining High-touch and High-tech in Financial Advisory Encounters
Creators: name: Dolata, Mateusz
name: Agotai, Doris
name: Schubiger, Simon
name: Schwabe, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Advisory services are ritualized encounters between an expert and an advisee. Empathetic, high-touch relationship between those two parties was identified as the key aspect of a successful advisory encounter. To facilitate the high-touch interaction, advisors established rituals which stress the unique, individual character of each client and each single encounter. Simultaneously, organizations like banks or insurances rolled out tools and technologies for use in advisory services to offer a uniform experience and consistent quality across branches and advisors. As a consequence, advisors were caught between the high-touch and high-tech aspects of an advisory service. This manuscript presents a system that accommodates for high-touch rituals and practices and combines them with high-tech collaboration. The proposed solution augments pen-and-paper practices with digital content and affords new material performances coherent with the existing rituals. The evaluation in realistic mortgage advisory services unveils the potential of mixed reality approaches for application in professional, institutional settings. The blow-by-blow analysis of the conversations reveals how an advisory service can become equally high-tech and high-touch thanks to a careful ritual-oriented system design. As a consequence, this paper presents a solution to the tension between the high-touch and high-tech tendencies in advisory services.
Mapmaking for Precision 21 cm Cosmology
Creators: name: Dillon, Joshua S.
name: Tegmark, Max
name: Liu, Adrian
name: Ewall-Wice, Aaron
name: Hewitt, Jacqueline N.
name: Morales, Miguel F.
name: Neben, Abraham R.
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
name: Zheng, Haoxuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to study the "Cosmic Dawn" and the Epoch of Reionization with 21 cm tomography, we need to statistically separate the cosmological signal from foregrounds known to be orders of magnitude brighter. Over the last few years, we have learned much about the role our telescopes play in creating a putatively foreground-free region called the "EoR window." In this work, we examine how an interferometer's effects can be taken into account in a way that allows for the rigorous estimation of 21 cm power spectra from interferometric maps while mitigating foreground contamination and thus increasing sensitivity. This requires a precise understanding of the statistical relationship between the maps we make and the underlying true sky. While some of these calculations would be computationally infeasible if performed exactly, we explore several well-controlled approximations that make mapmaking and the calculation of map statistics much faster, especially for compact and highly redundant interferometers designed specifically for 21 cm cosmology. We demonstrate the utility of these methods and the parametrized trade-offs between accuracy and speed using one such telescope, the upcoming Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array, as a case study.
description: 28 pages, 14 figures. Slightly revised to match published Physical Review D version
title: Оценка эффективности различных деэмульгаторов при разрушении водонефтяной эмульсии мингбулакской нефти
Creators: name: Шарипов, К.К.
name: Хайдаров, Ж.А.
Publisher: name: Tashkent State Technical University Named after Islam Karimov
Year: 2018

description: Приведены результаты исследования эффективности различных деэмульгаторов при разрушении водонефтяной эмульсии Мингбулакского нефти. Целью работы является оценка эффективности деэмульгаторов, применяющихся на промышленных ЭЛОУ для подготовки к переработке высоковязкой нефти. Лабораторные испытания эффективности образцов деэмульгаторов осуществляли при разрушении стойкой водонефтяной эмульсии нефти Мингбулакского месторождения. По результатам степени разрушения эмульсий было выявлено, что наибольшую эффективность при разрушении эмульсии 97 %, об нефти имеют образцы деэмульгатора Диссольван 3359 (при расходе деэмульгаторов 20 г/т).
title: Automatische Spracherkennung und Simultandolmetschen
Creators: name: Pelizza, Francesco Antonio
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit befasst sich mit der Untersuchung der automatischen Spracherkennungsfunktion (InterpretBank ASR) des CAI-Tools (Computer Assisted Interpreting) InterpretBank 7. Nach der Vorstellung unterschiedlicher theoretischer Grundlagen wurde mithilfe eines Experiments untersucht, ob InterpretBank ASR so weit fortgeschritten ist, dass es in einer üblichen Dolmetschsituation problemlos eingebunden werden kann. Überdies wurde analysiert, ob die Ausführung der Software bei unterschiedlichen Betriebssystemen und Computern zu unterschiedlichen Ergebnissen führt. Anschließend wurden die Dolmetschleistungen der an dem Experiment teilnehmenden Proband*innen hinsichtlich der Genauigkeit bei Zahlen und Fachtermini analysiert. Die Ergebnisse zeigten, dass InterpretBank ASR zwar bereits eine hohe Genauigkeit bei der Erkennung von Zahlen und Termini aufwies, die Technik stellte jedoch noch eine große Herausforderung dar, weswegen die Anwendung auf dem heutigen Stand nicht für den täglichen Gebrauch verwendet werden kann. Zudem wurde festgestellt, dass die Software bei unterschiedlichen Betriebssystemen und Computermodellen zu fast gleichen Ergebnissen führte. Bei der Analyse der Dolmetschleistungen konnte bei den meisten Proband*innen eine Steigerung der terminologischen Genauigkeit und der Zahlenrichtigkeit bei der Verwendung von InterpretBank ASR festgestellt werden, jedoch wären weitere Studien notwendig, um das Ergebnis zu bestätigen.
description: The aim of the present master ́s thesis is the analysis of the automatic speech recognition function (ASR) of the CAI (Computer Assisted Interpreting) tool InterpretBank 7. After the presentation of some theoretical foundations, the thesis investigates by means of an experiment whether InterpretBank ASR has the necessary level of performance to be used in typical simultaneous interpreting settings. Furthermore, it was analyzed whether the use of the software with different computer models and different operating systems leads to different results. Finally, the interpreting performance of the test subjects was evaluated in terms of accuracy in the interpretation of numbers and technical terms. The results showed that InterpretBank ASR already has a high accuracy, but the necessary technology still poses a great challenge. Therefore, it cannot be confirmed that the software can be used for typical interpreting situations. Furthermore, it was found that the software produces almost the same results on different operating systems and computer models. When analyzing the interpreting performance, an increase in terminological accuracy and numerical correctness was observed for most of the subjects when using InterpretBank ASR, yet further research would be needed to confirm the result.
Heat transport and electron cooling in ballistic normal-metal/spin-filter/superconductor junctions
Creators: name: Kawabata, Shiro
name: Vasenko, Andrey S.
name: Ozaeta, Asier
name: Bergeret, F. Sebastian
name: Hekking, Frank W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electron cooling based on a clean normal-metal/spin-filter/superconductor junction. Due to the suppression of the Andreev reflection by the spin-filter effect, the cooling power of the system is found to be extremely higher than that for conventional normal-metal/nonmagnetic-insulator/superconductor coolers. Therefore we can extract large amount of heat from normal metals. Our results strongly indicate the practical usefulness of the spin-filter effect for cooling detectors, sensors, and quantum bits.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Journal of Magnetism and Magnetic Materials
Health-related quality of life in individuals cured of pulmonary tuberculosis: a scoping review protocol
Creators: name: De Almeida Lopes Monteiro Da Cruz, Diná
name: Klink Ramos Alves
name: Da Silva, Thiago Santos
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Quality of Life
subject: Sequelas de tuberculose
subject: Qualidade de vida
subject: Tuberculosis Sequelae
subject: Post Tuberculosis
subject: Tuberculose pulmonar
subject: Pulmonary Tuberculosis
subject: Post-tuberculosis pulmonary impairment
subject: Post-tuberculosis Lung Disease
subject: Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde
subject: Review Literature as Topic
subject: Tuberculosis
subject: Health-related Quality of Life

description: This will be a scoping review developed according to the JBI Collaboration methodology, which will aim to summarize the scientific evidence on the health-related quality of life in individuals cured of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Cohomologies of $n$-simplex relations
Creators: name: Korepanov, Igor
name: Sharygin, Georgy
name: Talalaev, Dmitry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A theory of (co)homologies related to set-theoretic $n$-simplex relations is constructed in analogy with the known quandle and Yang--Baxter (co)homologies, with emphasis made on the tetrahedron case. In particular, this permits us to generalize Hietarinta's idea of "permutation-type" solutions to the quantum (or "tensor") $n$-simplex equations. Explicit examples of solutions to the tetrahedron equation involving nontrivial cocycles are presented.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures; v3: added the proof of nontriviality in Example 2, formulas in this example corrected