Neofibularia nolitangere
Creators: name: Ugalde, Diana
name: Fernandez, Julio C. C.
name: Gómez, Patricia
name: Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele
name: Simões, Nuno
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Demospongiae
Biemnida
Biemnidae
Neofibularia
Neofibularia nolitangere

description: <i>Neofibularia nolitangere</i> (Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti, 1864) Tables 6, 7; Figs. 13A–C, 16M <b>Synonymy and references:</b> <i>Amphimedon nolitangere</i> Duchassaing &amp; Michelotti (1864: 82); <i>Fibularia massa</i>, <i>Fibulia nolitangere</i>, <i>Fibulia massa, Gellius massa</i>, <i>Neofibularia massa</i> and <i>Neofibularia nolitangere nolitangere</i>: see references compiled in Hartman (1967: 7); <i>Neofibularia nolitangere</i>, Hajdu &amp; van Soest (2002: 648) and Pérez <i>et al.</i> (2017: 11). <b>Type locality.</b> St. Thomas. <b>Material examined.</b> CNPGG-2206, Cayo Arcas reef (20.20183°N, - 91.97583°W), 6.7 m depth, coll. Diana Ugalde, 20 August 2018. <b>Description.</b> Massive habit, growing in laterally fused tubes, sometimes volcano-shaped with an apical depression (Fig. 16M); the largest specimen measures up to 22 × 10 cm. Surface hispid, slightly rugose. Oscules are wide and oval-shaped up to 2 cm in diameter. Color <i>in vivo</i> dark red-brown and beige after fixation. The consistency is crumbly and brittle. <b>Skeleton.</b> Irregular reticulation of fibers cored by several spicules projecting out the fibers; meshes 200 µm in diameter (Figs. 13A–B). <b>Spicules.</b> Megascleres: Strongyles slightly curved 270– <i>317.6</i> (27.48)–350/8– <i>10.8</i> (1.5)–12 µm (Fig. 13C). Microscleres: straight microxeas 110– <i>116</i> (4.1)–120/8– <i>10.8</i> (1.5)–12 µm (Fig. 13C 1); raphides occurring singly 100– <i>107</i> (6.7)–115/2– <i>2.3</i> (0.5)–2.4 µm; sigmas 16– <i>17</i> (1.95)–20 µm (Fig. 13C 2). <b>Distribution.</b> Mexico (current records), Bahamas, US (North Carolina, Florida) (de Laubenfels 1936), other countries in the Caribbean Sea (Zea 1987). <b>Remarks.</b> Hartman (1967) revised specimens of <i>Neofibularia nolitangere</i> where sigmas had been overlooked by de Laubenfels (1936), and found them. These specimens perfectly matched additional materials from the former author, and Hechtel (1965) before him, described from Jamaica, including the presence of dermatitis-producing toxins. Specimens described here possess all three categories of microscleres, although the similar lengths of raphides and microxea raises the possibility of the former being merely juveniles of the latter. Contrary to Hartman’s (1967) report, we could not see distinctly arranged trichodragmas for either category, much the less both. Ours is the first record of this species in the SGoM. It was formerly known from the northern part of the GoM, in particular from Florida, as well as from the Caribbean (widely distributed) and the Bahamas. <b>Order Bubarida Morrow &amp; Cárdenas, 2015</b>
description: Published as part of <i>Ugalde, Diana, Fernandez, Julio C. C., Gómez, Patricia, Lôbo-Hajdu, Gisele &amp; Simões, Nuno, 2021, An update on the diversity of marine sponges in the southern Gulf of Mexico coral reefs, pp. 1-112 in Zootaxa 5031 (1)</i> on pages 20-21, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5031.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5454380
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