cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On differences between even and odd anisotropic-flow harmonics in non-equilibrated systems
Creators: name: Bachmann, Benedikt
name: Borghini, Nicolas
name: Feld, Nina
name: Roch, Hendrik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To assess how anisotropic transverse flow is created in a system out of equilibrium, we compare several kinetic-theoretical models in the few-rescatterings regime. We compare the flow harmonics $v_n$ from three types of transport simulations, with either $2\to 2$ or $2\to 0$ collision kernels and in the former case allowing the particles to rescatter several times or not, and from analytical calculations neglecting the gain term of the Boltzmann equation. We find that the even flow harmonics are similar in all approaches, while the odd ones differ significantly. This suggests that while even $v_n$ harmonics may to a large extent be due to the anisotropic escape probability of particles, this is not the predominant mechanism underlying the odd $v_n$ coefficients.
description: v2: expanded version (final): new title, 18 pages, 14 figures
BRST-BV approach to massless fields adapted to AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Metsaev, R. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using BRST-BV formulation of relativistic dynamics, arbitrary spin massless and massive field propagating in flat space and arbitrary spin massless fields propagating in AdS space are considered. For such fields, BRST-BV Lagrangians invariant under gauge transformations are obtained. The Lagrangians and gauge transformations are built in terms of traceless gauge fields and traceless gauge transformation parameters. The use of the Poincare parametrization of AdS space allows us to get simple BRST-BV Lagrangian for AdS fields. By imposing the Siegel gauge condition, we get gauge-fixed Lagrangian which leads to decoupled equations of motion for AdS fields. Such equations of motion considerably simplify the study of AdS/CFT correspondence. In the basis of conformal algebra, realization of relativistic symmetries on space of fields and antifields entering the BRST-BV formulation of AdS fields is obtained.
description: LaTeX-2e, 15 pages
Free-space optomechanical liquid probes using a twin-microbottle resonator
Creators: name: Asano, Motoki
name: Yamaguchi, Hiroshi
name: Okamoto, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cavity optomechanics provides high-performance sensor technology, and the scheme is also applicable to liquid samples for biological and rheological applications. However, previously reported methods using fluidic capillary channels and liquid droplets are based on fixed-by-design structures and therefore do not allow an active free-space approach to the samples. Here, we demonstrate an alternate technique using a probe-based architecture with a twin-microbottle resonator. The probe consists of two microbottle optomechanical resonators, where one bottle (for detection) is immersed in liquid and the other bottle (for readout) is placed in air, which retains excellent detection performance through the high optical-Q (~107) of the readout bottle. The scheme allows the detection of thermomechanical motion of the detection bottle as well as its optomechanical sideband drive. This technique could lead to in-situ metrology at the target location in arbitrary media, and could be extended to ultrasensitive biochips and rheometers.
Exact dynamics and squeezing in two harmonic modes coupled through angular momentum
Creators: name: Canosa, N.
name: Mandal, Swapan
name: Rossignoli, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the exact dynamics of a system of two independent harmonic oscillators coupled through their angular momentum. The exact analytic solution of the equations of motion for the field operators is derived, and the conditions for dynamical stability are obtained. As application, we examine the emergence of squeezing and mode entanglement for an arbitrary separable coherent initial state. It is shown that close to instability, the system develops considerable entanglement, which is accompanied with simultaneous squeezing in the coordinate of one oscillator and the momentum of the other oscillator. In contrast, for weak coupling away from instability, the generated entanglement is small, with weak alternating squeezing in the coordinate and momentum of each oscillator. Approximate expressions describing these regimes are also provided.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, to be published in Journal of Physics B
(102972) Amy Aust Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Analysis and design of switched capacitor-based Quasi-Z-Source DC-DC converter with improved operation factors
Creators: name: Shahabadi, Gholam Reza
name: Naseh, Majid Reza
name: Es’haghi, Siavash
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In this study, a high-gain Quasi-Z-Source (QZS) DC-DC converter with continuous input current is investigated. In order to increase the voltage level from lower to higher, a switched capacitor (SC) branch is added to QZS. This converter has absolute common ground, high gain, continuous input current, and low current stresses across the inductors and power switch. In this article, the principles of the converter’s operation have been reviewed, and then the voltage and current stress on the elements have been calculated. In addition, in order to analyse the efficiency of the proposed converter, it has been compared with other converters in detail. Furthermore, the parameters design of the main components is presented. The proposed converter is simulated in MATLAB, and the results validate the functionality of theoretical predictions.
Isovector helicity quark quasi-distributions inside a large Nc nucleon
Creators: name: Son, Hyeon-Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report the results for the isovector polarized quark quasi-distribution functions $Δu(x,v) - Δd(x,v)$ in the large $N_c$, calculated within the chiral quark-soliton model. It is shown that the polarized quark quasi-distributions present good convergence to the light-cone PDFs in the limit of the nucleon boost momentum $P_N \to \infty$ (or the velocity $v \to 1$), compared to the case of the unpolarized isosinglet distributions.
description: 12 pages and 7 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Home Schooling: A study of reasons why some Central Queensland parents choose the home schooling alternative for their children
Creators: name: Harp, Blair
Publisher: name: CQUniversity
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 130399 Specialist Studies in Education not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Educational sciences

description: In Queensland, the vast majority of school -aged children attend government state schools, with a significant proportion attending private schools. There is, however, a small but growing number of children who attend no school, but are schooled in their own homes. Some of these, because of distance, have no choice, but there are others who could attend school but do not. It is this latter group in particular, who have become more prevalent in recent times.
Universal cooling dynamics toward a quantum critical point
Creators: name: King, Emma C.
name: Kriel, Johannes N.
name: Kastner, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the loss of adiabaticity when cooling a many-body quantum system from an initial thermal state toward a quantum critical point. The excitation density, which quantifies the degree of adiabaticity of the dynamics, is found to obey scaling laws in the cooling velocity as well as in the initial and final temperatures of the cooling protocol. The scaling laws are universal, governed by the critical exponents of the quantum phase transition. The validity of these statements is shown analytically for a Kitaev quantum wire coupled to Markovian baths and argued to be valid under rather general conditions. Our results establish that quantum critical properties can be probed dynamically at finite temperature, without even varying the control parameter of the quantum phase transition.
description: 6+5 pages, 2+3 figures; companion paper to arXiv:2204.07594
title: Coyote-Prey Relationships in Curlew Valley During a Period of Low Jackrabbit Density
Creators: name: Hoffman, Stephen W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1979

description: Coyote-prey relationships were examined in Curlew Valley, northern Utah and southern Idaho, during a period of low jackrabbit density (from September 1973 to May 1975). The Utah and Idaho portions of Curlew Valley were treated separately. Field work provided estimates of relative and absolute rodent densities as well as relative coyote density each spring and fall. Laboratory analysis of over 2,300 scats and 249 stomachs provided detailed information on coyote diets. Jackrabbit population data for northern Utah were obtained from L. Charles Stoddart.
Four species, Peromyscus maniculatus, Perognathus parvus, Eutamias minimus, and Dipodomys ordii comprised over 90 percent of the rodent individuals snap trapped. Estimated mean densities were greatest for Peromyscus (3.3-5.3/ha), and progressively less for Perognathus (2.3-3.6/ha), Dipodomys (0.5-1.8/ha), and Eutamias (0.5-0.7/ha).
Jackrabbits comprised half the annual diet of coyotes in Utah, but only 10 percent in Idaho, where rodents were the principal prey consumed. Marked seasonal and site-specific variation in rodent and jackrabbit consumption occurred in both areas. Seasonal trends probably resulted from changes in rodent abundance and availability.
Relative coyote densities did not vary appreciably during the period and were greater in the Idaho portion of the study area.
Despite low jackrabbit densities in 1973-1975, jackrabbit comprised two-thirds or more of the coyote's diet in Utah during the late fall and winter. This suggests a dearth of available alternate prey at that time. A clumped dispersion of jackrabbits during the winter may have contributed to this phenomenon.
In Utah, coyote utilization of some rodents was correlated with snap trap indices, suggesting that: (1) coyote predation upon these rodents was a random event, or (2) rodent density changes were not of sufficient magnitude to alter coyote predatory behavior. In Idaho, a three-fold increase in pocket gopher and cottontail consumption compensated for a reduction in the availability of deer and microtine rodents.
The importance of various prey species in the diet was compared with their relative densities. Jackrabbit appeared to be "preferred" over rodent; within the rodent group Microtus and Lagurus, Reithrodontomys, Perognathus, and Dipodomys were preferred over Peromyscus and Eutamias. Implied prey preferences are explained principally on the basis of optimization theory, and the significance of prey dispersion patterns is emphasized.
Winter food supply is suggested as the critical factor limiting coyote densities in Curlew Valley and throughout the Great Basin. Availability of jackrabbit, livestock carrion, and to a lesser extent, deer, microtine rodents, and cottontails is likely to be most influential in determining coyote density in the Great Basin Desert.
Simple two-layer dispersive models in the Hamiltonian reduction formalism
Creators: name: Camassa, R.
name: Falqui, G.
name: Ortenzi, G.
name: Pedroni, M.
name: Ho, T. T. Vu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Hamiltonian reduction approach is defined, studied, and finally used to derive asymptotic models of internal wave propagation in density stratified fluids in two-dimensional domains. Beginning with the general Hamiltonian formalism of Benjamin [1] for an ideal, stably stratified Euler fluid, the corresponding structure is systematically reduced to the setup of two homogeneous fluids under gravity, separated by an interface and confined between two infinite horizontal plates. A long-wave, small-amplitude asymptotics is then used to obtain a simplified model that encapsulates most of the known properties of the dynamics of such systems, such as bidirectional wave propagation and maximal amplitude travelling waves in the form of fronts. Further reductions, and in particular devising an asymptotic extension of Dirac's theory of Hamiltonian constraints, lead to the completely integrable evolution equations previously considered in the literature for limiting forms of the dynamics of stratified fluids. To assess the performance of the asymptotic models, special solutions are studied and compared with those of the parent equations.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures
(102971) Eva Augusta Lloyd
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Coherent Resonant Coupling between Atoms and a Mechanical Oscillator Mediated by Cavity-Vacuum Fluctuations
Creators: name: Wang, Bo
name: Hu, Jia-Ming
name: Macrì, Vincenzo
name: Xiang, Ze-Liang
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an atom can be coupled to a mechanical oscillator via quantum vacuum fluctuations of a cavity field enabling energy transfer processes between them. In a hybrid quantum system consisting of a cavity resonator with a movable mirror and an atom, these processes are dominated by two pair-creation mechanisms: the counterrotating (atom-cavity system) and dynamical Casimir interaction terms (optomechanical system). Because of these two pair-creation mechanisms, the resonant atom-mirror coupling is the result of high-order virtual processes with different transition paths well described in our theoretical framework. We perform a unitary transformation to the atom-mirror system Hamiltonian, exhibiting two kinds of multiple-order transitions of the pair creation. By tuning the frequency of the atom, we show that photon frequency conversion can be realized within a cavity of multiple modes. Furthermore, when involving two atoms coupled to the same mechanical mode, a single vibrating excitation of the mechanical oscillator can be simultaneously absorbed by the two atoms. Considering recent advances in strong and ultrastrong coupling for cavity optomechanics and other systems, we believe our proposals can be implemented using available technology.
description: 22 pages, 16 figure
Bayesian spatial transformation models with applications in neuroimaging data
Creators: name: Zhu, Hongtu
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Miranda, Michelle F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The aim of this paper is to develop a class of spatial transformation models (STM) to spatially model the varying association between imaging measures in a three-dimensional (3D) volume (or 2D surface) and a set of covariates. Our STMs include a varying Box-Cox transformation model for dealing with the issue of non-Gaussian distributed imaging data and a Gaussian Markov Random Field model for incorporating spatial smoothness of the imaging data. Posterior computation proceeds via an efficient Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm. Simulations and real data analysis demonstrate that the STM significantly outperforms the voxel-wise linear model with Gaussian noise in recovering meaningful geometric patterns. Our STM is able to reveal important brain regions with morphological changes in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
Solar-like oscillations in $γ$ Cephei A as seen through SONG and TESS
Creators: name: Knudstrup, E.
name: Lund, M. N.
name: Andersen, M. Fredslund
name: Rørsted, J. L.
name: Hernández, F. Pérez
name: Grundahl, F.
name: Pallé, P. L.
name: Stello, D.
name: White, T. R.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
name: Vrard, M.
name: Winther, M. L.
name: Handberg, R.
name: Simón-Díaz, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fundamental stellar parameters such as mass and radius are some of the most important building blocks in astronomy, both when it comes to understanding the star itself and when deriving the properties of any exoplanet(s) they may host. Asteroseismology of solar-like oscillations allows us to determine these parameters with high precision. We investigate the solar-like oscillations of the red-giant-branch star $γ$ Cep A, which harbours a giant planet on a wide orbit. We did this by utilising both ground-based radial velocities from the SONG network and space-borne photometry from the NASA TESS mission. From the radial velocities and photometric observations, we created a combined power spectrum, which we used in an asteroseismic analysis to extract individual frequencies. We clearly identify several radial and quadrupole modes as well as multiple mixed, dipole modes. We used these frequencies along with spectroscopic and astrometric constraints to model the star, and we find a mass of $1.27^{+0.05}_{-0.07}$ M$_\odot$, a radius of $4.74^{+0.07}_{-0.08}$ R$_\odot$, and an age of $5.7^{+0.8}_{-0.9}$ Gyr. We then used the mass of $γ$ Cep A and our SONG radial velocities to derive masses for $γ$ Cep B and $γ$ Cep Ab of $0.328^{+0.009}_{-0.012}$ M$_\odot$ and $6.6^{+2.3}_{-2.8}$ M$_{\rm Jup}$, respectively.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Extending quantum mechanics entails extending special relativity
Creators: name: Aravinda, S.
name: Srikanth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The complementarity between signaling and randomness in any communicated resource that can simulate singlet statistics is generalized by relaxing the assumption of free will in the choice of measurement settings. We show how to construct an ontological extension for quantum mechanics (QM) through the oblivious embedding of a sound simulation protocol in a Newtonian spacetime. Minkowski or other intermediate spacetimes are ruled out as the locus of the embedding by virtue of hidden influence inequalities. The complementarity transferred from a simulation to the extension unifies a number of results about quantum nonlocality, and implies that special relativity (SR) has a different significance for the ontological model and for the operational theory it reproduces. Only the latter, being experimentally accessible, is required to be Lorentz covariant. There may be certain Lorentz non-covariant elements at the ontological level, but they will be inaccessible at the operational level in a valid extension. Certain arguments against the extendability of QM, due to Conway and Kochen (2009) and Colbeck and Renner (2012), are attributed to their assumption that the spacetime at the ontological level has Minkowski causal structure.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure
Double-lens Scintillometry: The variable scintillation of pulsar B1508+55
Creators: name: Sprenger, Tim
name: Main, Robert
name: Wucknitz, Olaf
name: Mall, Geetam
name: Wu, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on observations of PSR B1508+55's scintillation at the Effelsberg 100-m telescope spanning from early 2020 to early 2022. In the autumn of 2020, close to the time the pulsar was predicted to cross echoes in its pulse profile, a sudden transition in the scintillation arcs from peculiar stripe-like features to parabolic arclets was observed. To infer a geometric model of the scattering we measure the effects of the annual velocity curve of Earth, of the relative movement of the line of sight, and of the projection of points on a second scattering screen and develop novel methods to do so. The latter phenomenon was discovered by this study and strongly indicates a two-screen scattering geometry. We derive an analytical two-screen model and demonstrate in a Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis as well as simulations that it can be successfully applied to explain the observations by interpreting the transition as a change of relative amplitudes of images as well as a shift in the orientation of anisotropy. The collection of methods we demonstrate here is transferable to other pulsars with the potential to strongly improve constraints on scattering models.
description: 19 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Efficient Semiparametric Estimation of Short-Term and Long-Term Hazard Ratios with Right-Censored Data: Semiparametric Estimation of Short-Term and Long-Term Hazard Ratios
Creators: name: Diao, Guoqing
name: Yang, Song
name: Zeng, Donglin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The proportional hazards assumption in the commonly used Cox model for censored failure time data is often violated in scientific studies. Yang and Prentice (2005) proposed a novel semiparametric two-sample model that includes the proportional hazards model and the proportional odds model as sub-models, and accommodates crossing survival curves. The model leaves the baseline hazard unspecified and the two model parameters can be interpreted as the short-term and long-term hazard ratios. Inference procedures were developed based on a pseudo score approach. Although extension to accommodate covariates was mentioned, no formal procedures have been provided or proved. Furthermore, the pseudo score approach may not be asymptotically efficient. We study the extension of the short-term and long-term hazard ratio model of Yang and Prentice (2005) to accommodate potentially time-dependent covariates. We develop efficient likelihood-based estimation and inference procedures. The nonparametric maximum likelihood estimators are shown to be consistent, asymptotically normal, and asymptotically efficient. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed methods perform well in practical settings. The proposed method successfully captured the phenomenon of crossing hazards in a cancer clinical trial and identified a genetic marker with significant long-term effect missed by using the proportional hazards model on age-at-onset of alcoholism in a genetic study.
(102967) Julia Penfold
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Formation of primordial black holes after Starobinsky inflation
Creators: name: Frolovsky, Daniel
name: Ketov, Sergei V.
name: Saburov, Sultan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapted the Appleby-Battye-Starobinsky model of $F(R)$ gravity towards describing double cosmological inflation and formation of primordial black holes with masses up to $10^{19}$ g in the single-field model. We found that it is possible to get an enhancement of the power spectrum of scalar curvature perturbations to the level beyond the Hawking (black hole evaporation) limit of $10^{15}$ g, so that the primordial black holes resulting from gravitational collapse of those large primordial perturbations can survive in the present universe and form part of cold dark matter. Our results agree with the current measurements of cosmic microwave background radiation within $3σ$ but require fine-tuning of the parameters.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX; minor changes, figure 3 updated, references added
Modeling Clinical Endpoints as a Function of Time of Switch to Second-line ART With Incomplete Data on Switching Times
Creators: name: Johnson, Brent A.
name: Eron, Joseph J.
name: Ribaudo, Heather
name: Gulick, Roy M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Modeling clinical endpoints as a function of change in antiretroviral therapy (ART) attempts to answer one simple but very challenging question: was the change in ART beneficial or not? We conceive a similar scientific question of interest in the current manuscript except that we are interested in modeling the time of ART regimen change rather than a comparison of two or more ART regimens. The answer to this scientific riddle is unknown and has been difficult to address clinically. Naturally, ART regimen change is left to a participant and his or her provider and so the date of change depends on participant characteristics. There exists a vast literature on how to address potential confounding and those techniques are vital to the success of the method here. A more substantial challenge is devising a systematic modeling strategy to overcome the missing time of regimen change for those participants who do not switch to second-line ART within the study period even after failing the initial ART. In this paper, we adopt and apply a statistical method that was originally proposed for modeling infusion trial data, where infusion length may be informatively censored, and argue that the same strategy may be employed here. Our application of this method to therapeutic HIV/AIDS studies is new and interesting. Using data from the AIDS Clinical Trials Group (ACTG) Study A5095, we model immunological endpoints as a polynomial function of a participant’s switching time to second-line ART for 182 participants who already failed the initial ART. In our analysis, we find that participants who switch early have somewhat better sustained suppression of HIV-1 RNA after virological failure than those who switch later. However, we also found that participants who switched very late, possibly censored due to the end of the study, had good HIV-1 RNA suppression, on average. We believe our scientific conclusions contribute to the relevant HIV literature and hope that the basic modeling strategy outlined here would be useful to others contemplating similar analyses with partially missing treatment length data.
XCC: An X-ray FEL-based $γγ$ Compton Collider Higgs Factory
Creators: name: Barklow, T.
name: Emma, C.
name: Huang, Z.
name: Naji, A.
name: Nanni, E.
name: Schwartzman, A.
name: Tantawi, S.
name: White, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This report describes the conceptual design of a $γγ$ Higgs factory in which 62.8 GeV electron beams collide with 1 keV X-ray free electron laser (XFEL) beams to produce colliding beams of 62.5 GeV photons. The Higgs boson production rate is 80,000 Higgs bosons per 10$^7$ second year, roughly the same as the ILC Higgs rate at $\sqrt{s}$=250 GeV. The electron accelerator is based on cold copper distributed coupling (C$^3$) accelerator technology. Unlike the center-of-mass energy spectra of previous optical wavelength $γγ$ collider designs, the sharply peaked $γγ$ center-of-mass energy spectrum of XCC produces model independent Higgs coupling measurements with precision on par with $e^+e^-$ colliders. For the triple Higgs coupling measurement, the XCC center-of-mass energy can be upgraded to 380 GeV, where the cross section for $γγ\rightarrow HH$ is twice that of $e^+e^- \rightarrow ZHH$ at $\sqrt{s}$=500 GeV. Design challenges are discussed, along with the R\&D to address them, including demonstrators.
description: 30 pages, 21 figures, improved hadronic background calculation including QCD rad corr; accepted for publication by JINST. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2203.08484
Sharpening Bounds on Principal Effects with Covariates
Creators: name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Long, Dustin M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Estimation of treatment effects in randomized studies is often hampered by possible selection bias induced by conditioning on or adjusting for a variable measured post-randomization. One approach to obviate such selection bias is to consider inference about treatment effects within principal strata, i.e., principal effects. A challenge with this approach is that without strong assumptions principal effects are not identifiable from the observable data. In settings where such assumptions are dubious, identifiable large sample bounds may be the preferred target of inference. In practice these bounds may be wide and not particularly informative. In this work we consider whether bounds on principal effects can be improved by adjusting for a categorical baseline covariate. Adjusted bounds are considered which are shown to never be wider than the unadjusted bounds. Necessary and sufficient conditions are given for which the adjusted bounds will be sharper (i.e., narrower) than the unadjusted bounds. The methods are illustrated using data from a recent, large study of interventions to prevent mother-to-child transmission of HIV through breastfeeding. Using a baseline covariate indicating low birth weight, the estimated adjusted bounds for the principal effect of interest are 63% narrower than the estimated unadjusted bounds.
II_1 factors with non-isomorphic ultrapowers
Creators: name: Boutonnet, Rémi
name: Chifan, Ionut
name: Ioana, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that there exist uncountably many separable II$_1$ factors whose ultrapowers (with respect to arbitrary ultrafilters) are non-isomorphic. In fact, we prove that the families of non-isomorphic II$_1$ factors originally introduced by McDuff \cite{MD69a,MD69b} are such examples. This entails the existence of a continuum of non-elementarily equivalent II$_1$ factors, thus settling a well-known open problem in the continuous model theory of operator algebras.
description: 16 pages
Nonlinear improvement of measurement-device-independent quantum key distribution using multimode quantum memory
Creators: name: Mizutani, Yusuke
name: Horikiri, Tomoyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper proposes a quantum key distribution (QKD) scheme for measurement-device-independent QKD (MDI-QKD) utilizing quantum memory (QM), which is based on two distinct functions of QM: on-demand storage and multimode storage. We demonstrate a nonlinear increase in the secure key rate due to the utilization of QM. In the protocol incorporating on-demand storage, it is acknowledged that the secure key rate is scaled by $R=O(\sqrt{η_{ch}})$ as $η_{ch}$, while as an alternative approach, we reveal that the improvement is $O(m_s^2)$, with $m_s$ being the number of modes in frequency (spatial) multiplexing in the scheme incorporating multimode storage. We adopt an atomic frequency comb as a QM that incorporates the two functions and propose an architecture based on MDI-QKD to attain experimental feasibility. This scheme can be extended to quantum repeaters, and even for a single quantum-repeater node, there is a nonlinear enhancement and an experimental incentive to increase the number of modes.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures
(102966) Charles Duke
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Bayesian design of superiority clinical trials for recurrent events data with applications to bleeding and transfusion events in myelodyplastic syndrome: Bayesian Design of Superiority Clinical Trials for Recurrent Events Data with Applications
Creators: name: Hu, Kuolung
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Jia, Catherine
name: Chen, Ming Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: In many biomedical studies, patients may experience the same type of recurrent event repeatedly over time, such as bleeding, multiple infections and disease. In this article, we propose a Bayesian design to a pivotal clinical trial in which lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) patients are treated with MDS disease modifying therapies. One of the key study objectives is to demonstrate the investigational product (treatment) effect on reduction of platelet transfusion and bleeding events while receiving MDS therapies. In this context, we propose a new Bayesian approach for the design of superiority clinical trials using recurrent events frailty regression models. Historical recurrent events data from an already completed phase 2 trial are incorporated into the Bayesian design via the partial borrowing power prior of Ibrahim et al. (2012, Biometrics 68, 578–586). An efficient Gibbs sampling algorithm, a predictive data generation algorithm, and a simulation-based algorithm are developed for sampling from the fitting posterior distribution, generating the predictive recurrent events data, and computing various design quantities such as the type I error rate and power, respectively. An extensive simulation study is conducted to compare the proposed method to the existing frequentist methods and to investigate various operating characteristics of the proposed design.
Childhood obesity survey for pediatric health care providers: adolescent bariatric options
Creators: name: Persaud, Anita
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Purpose of Project: In the United States, the prevalence of childhood obesity has continued to raise annually, with over 13.7 million children and adolescents identified as obese (CDC, 2021). Childhood obesity can have immediate and long-term conditions, impacting these patients into adulthood. The purpose of this project was to assess gaps in pediatric providers’ knowledge of bariatric procedures available resources and referral patterns. Methodology: A cross sectional quantitative study was distributed to 125 pediatric providers working within a health care system located in New Jersey. A 39-question needs assessment survey identified providers’ knowledge of bariatric surgical interventions, available resources, referral patterns, and perceptions.Results: Of the 125 providers invited, 22 submitted a survey. The results demonstrated 63% of providers were aware bariatric procedures are a treatment option for adolescents, however only 22% referred to bariatric surgeons. The main reason for not referring was limited knowledge of procedures (44%). Provider perceptions also contributed to their low referrals with 8% concerned adolescents were being pushed for bariatric surgery before they are ready. Implications for Practice: The findings of this project signify the need increase provider awareness of the American Academy of Pediatrics and American Society for Metabolic Surgery’s guidelines and recommendations for severely obese adolescents. Distribution of an educational pamphlet containing guidelines and recommendations may help raise awareness. Ultimately, potentially leading to an increase in timely referrals, adolescents receiving treatment, and a decrease in chronic conditions stemming from childhood obesity, which could decrease the cost and burden on the health care system. Keywords— Adolescent obesity, bariatric surgery, childhood obesity, obesity management
Simulation study for an in-situ calibration system for the measurement of the snow accumulation and the index-of-refraction profile for radio neutrino detectors
Creators: name: Beise, Jakob
name: Glaser, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sensitivity to ultra-high-energy neutrinos ($E>10^{17}$eV) can be obtained cost-efficiently by exploiting the Askaryan effect in ice, where a particle cascade induced by the neutrino interaction produces coherent radio emission that can be picked up by antennas. As the near-surface ice properties change rapidly within the upper $\mathcal{O}$(100m), a good understanding of the ice properties is required to reconstruct the neutrino properties. In particular, continuous monitoring of the snow accumulation (which changes the depth of the antennas) and the index-of-refraction $n(z)$ profile are crucial for an accurate determination of the neutrino's direction and energy. We present an in-situ calibration system that extends the radio detector station with two radio emitters to continuously monitor the firn properties within the upper 40m by measuring the time differences between direct and reflected (off the surface) signals (D'n'R). We determine the optimal positions of two transmitters at all three sites of current and future in-ice radio detectors: Greenland, Moore's Bay, and the South Pole. For the South Pole we find that the snow accumulation $Δh$ can be measured with a resolution of 3mm and the parameters of an exponential $n(z)$ profile $α$ and $z_0$ with 0.04% and 0.14% precision respectively, which constitutes an improvement of more than a factor of 10 as compared to the inference of the $n(z)$ profile from density measurements. Additionally, as this technique is based on the measurement of the signal propagation times we are not bound to the conversion of density to index-of-refraction. We quantify the impact of these ice uncertainties on the reconstruction of the neutrino vertex, direction, and energy and find that the calibration device measures the ice properties to sufficient precision to have negligible influence.
description: Replaced with published version
General spherical harmonic bra-ket overlap integrals of trigonometric functions
Creators: name: Lingetti, Giuseppe
name: Pani, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Closed formulas in terms of double sums of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients are computed for the evaluation of bra-ket spherical harmonic overlap integrals of a wide class of trigonometric functions. These analytical expressions can find useful application in problems involving non-separable wave equations, e.g. general-relativistic perturbation theory, electromagnetism, quantum theory, etc, wherein the overlap integrals arise from the coupling among different angular modes.
description: 6 pages, comments are welcome
Leptogenesis in an SU(5) x A5 Golden Ratio Flavour Model: Addendum
Creators: name: Gehrlein, Julia
name: Petcov, Serguey T.
name: Spinrath, Martin
name: Zhang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive and discuss the solution of the Boltzmann equations for leptogenesis in a phenomenologically viable SU(5) x A5 golden ratio flavour model proposed in arXiv:1410.2057 [hep-ph], arXiv:1502.00110 [hep-ph] . The model employs, in particular, the seesaw mechanism of neutrino mass generation. We find that the results on the baryon asymmetry of the Universe, obtained earlier in arXiv:1502.00110 [hep-ph] using approximate analytic expressions for the relevant CP violating asymmetry and efficiency factors, are correct, as was expected, up to 20-30 %. The phenomenological predictions for the low energy neutrino observables, derived using values of the parameters of the model for which we reproduce the observed value of the baryon asymmetry, change little with respect to those presented in arXiv:1502.00110 [hep-ph]. Among the many predictions of the model we find, for instance, that the neutrinoless double beta decay effective Majorana mass m_ee lies between 3.3 meV and 14.3 meV.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures; version published in NPB
Wide Binaries from GAIA EDR3: preference for GR over MOND ?
Creators: name: Pittordis, Charalambos
name: Sutherland, Will
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several recent studies have shown that velocity differences of very wide binary stars, measured to high precision with GAIA, can potentially provide an interesting test for modified-gravity theories which attempt to emulate dark matter. These systems should be entirely Newtonian according to standard dark-matter theories, while the predictions for MOND-like theories are distinctly different, if the various observational issues can be overcome. Here we provide an updated version of our 2019 study using the recent GAIA EDR3 data release: we select a large sample of 73 159 candidate wide binary stars with distance <300 parsec and magnitudes G<17 from GAIA EDR3, and estimate component masses using a main-sequence mass-luminosity relation. We then examine the frequency distribution of pairwise relative projected velocity (relative to circular-orbit value) as a function of projected separation, compared to simulations; as before, these distributions show a clear peak at a value close to Newtonian expectations, along with a long 'tail' which extends to much larger velocity ratios and may well be caused by hierarchical triple systems with an unresolved or unseen third star. We then fit these observed distributions with a simulated mixture of binary, triple and flyby populations, for GR or MOND orbits, and find that standard gravity is somewhat preferred over one specific implementation of MOND; though we have not yet explored the full parameter space of triple population models and MOND versions. Improved data from future GAIA releases, and followup of a subset of systems to better characterise the triple population, should allow wide binaries to become a decisive test of GR vs MOND in the future.
description: LaTeX, 27 pages, 26 figures. Version 3 - Accepted by Open Journal of Astrophysics, 31 Jan 2023. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1905.09619
Datasets related to project "Assessment and treatment of communicative pragmatic abilities in neurological and psychiatric disorders: feasibility and clinical efficacy" (part 1)
Creators: name: Arcara, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The file contains the first part of the data collected for the "Assessment and treatment of communicative pragmatic abilities in neurological and psychiatric disorders: feasibility and clinical efficacy" (GR-2018-12366092) project, funded by the Italian Ministry of Health under the Ricerca Finalizzata (2018) call.
Collective Motion of Quincke Rollers with Fully Resolved Hydrodynamics
Creators: name: Imamura, Shun
name: Sawaki, Kohei
name: Molina, John J.
name: Turner, Matthew S.
name: Yamamoto, Ryoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Quincke roller is a unique active particle that can run and tumble freely on a flat plate due to the torque generated by a uniform DC electric field applied perpendicular to the plate. A system involving many such particles exhibits a variety of collective dynamics, such as the disordered gas, polar liquid, and active crystal states. We performed direct numerical simulations of a three-dimensional system containing many self-rotating particles to explicitly resolve the hydrodynamic interactions among rotating particles. The collective motion depends on the magnitude of the dipole moments induced on the dielectric particles, the area fraction of particles, and the strength of interparticle attraction. We find that the highly ordered polar liquid state is destabilized by the hydrodynamic interaction between rotating particles at high densities: the near-field lubrication interaction becomes dominant over far-field effects as the interparticle separation becomes shorter.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures