cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Portable-CELLxGENE: standalone executables of CELLxGENE for easy installation
Creators: name: Hall, George T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Biologists who want to analyse their single-cell transcriptomics dataset must install and use specialist software via the command line. This is often impractical for non-bioinformaticians. Whilst the popular CELLxGENE software provides an intuitive graphical interface to facilitate analysis outside the command line, its server-side installation and execution remain complex. A version that is easier to install and run would allow non-bioinformaticians to take advantage of this valuable tool without needing to use the command line. Portable-CELLxGENE is a standalone distribution of CELLxGENE that can be installed via a graphical interface. It contains an easy-to-use extension of the CELLxGENE-Gateway Python package to allow the analysis of multiple datasets.
 Availability and implementation: Versions of Portable-CELLxGENE for Windows and MacOS, along with its source code, are available at github.com/george-hall-ucl/portable-cellxgene. It is licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.
Kolmogorov-Arnold Neural Networks for High-Entropy Alloys Design
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Yagnik
name: Avlani, Harshil
name: Zhuang, Houlong L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A wide range of deep learning-based machine learning techniques are extensively applied to the design of high-entropy alloys (HEAs), yielding numerous valuable insights. Kolmogorov-Arnold Networks (KAN) is a recently developed architecture that aims to improve both the accuracy and interpretability of input features. In this work, we explore three different datasets for HEA design and demonstrate the application of KAN for both classification and regression models. In the first example, we use a KAN classification model to predict the probability of single-phase formation in high-entropy carbide ceramics based on various properties such as mixing enthalpy and valence electron concentration. In the second example, we employ a KAN regression model to predict the yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of HEAs based on their chemical composition and process conditions including annealing time, cold rolling percentage, and homogenization temperature. The third example involves a KAN classification model to determine whether a certain composition is an HEA or non-HEA, followed by a KAN regressor model to predict the bulk modulus of the identified HEA, aiming to identify HEAs with high bulk modulus. In all three examples, KAN either outperform or match the performance in terms of accuracy such as F1 score for classification and Mean Square Error (MSE), and coefficient of determination (R2) for regression of the multilayer perceptron (MLP) by demonstrating the efficacy of KAN in handling both classification and regression tasks. We provide a promising direction for future research to explore advanced machine learning techniques, which lead to more accurate predictions and better interpretability of complex materials, ultimately accelerating the discovery and optimization of HEAs with desirable properties.
title: An Examination of the Bleek and Lloyd Collection of /Xam Bushman Narratives, With Special Reference to the Trickster, Ikaggen.
Creators: name: Hewitt, Roger Louis
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1976

description: During the 1870's a large collection of /Xam Bushman narratives was made by the linguist W.H.I. Bleek and his sister-in-law, Miss L.C. Lloyd, Parts of this collection have been published but the bulk of the narratives remains in manuscript only. The /Xam Bushmen, now extinct, lived as hunter-gatherers occupying much of the Republic of South Africa west of Port Elizabeth and south of the Orange River. On the basis of content, the narratives may be classified into legends concerning human characters; narratives relating to girls' puberty observances and to the supernatural being, IKhwa; sidereal narratives in which personifications of celestial bodies appear as characters; animal narratives, concerning the deeds of an early race of people, most of whom bear the names of the animals they were said to have later become; and narratives relating to the trickster /Kaggen. These texts display, to varying degrees, a range of features extending from conceptual templates traceable in other areas of /Xam culture, through social values and norms, and traditional fictive elements, to the narrative techniques of individual performers. The largest group of narratives concerned with a single character or group of characters is that concerned with the trickster, /Kaggen. Not only was /Kaggen a popular figure in /Xam narrative tradition, he was also believed in as a supernatural being who actively intervened in the lives of the /Xam. The beliefs and ritualistic practices relating to /Kaggen were situated in a complex of beliefs and practices surrounding the relationship between hunters and game animals. As a supernatural being /Kaggen had a dual personality. He was at once an incidental benefactor of mankind and a being who actively worked against the interests of hunters. In several ways his behaviour in the narratives represents a transformation into social terms of his position in the relationship between hunters and game animals. At the same time the duality of his supernatural role is also reflected in the structure and content of the narratives. While the stories concerning him are frequently light-hearted. They were also open to interpretations by individual narrators which could situate them deeply within a meaning system of utmost importance to the /Xam.
PS_Climate_Change_Paper_Appendix_R1 – Supplemental material for The Role of Political Attention in Moderating the Association between Political Identities and Anthropogenic Climate Change Belief in Britain
Creators: name: Kenny, John
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 160607 International Relations
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Supplemental material, PS_Climate_Change_Paper_Appendix_R1 for The Role of Political Attention in Moderating the Association between Political Identities and Anthropogenic Climate Change Belief in Britain by John Kenny in Political Studies
Supplementary_file_1 – Supplemental material for A cross-cultural study of attitudes toward suicide among young people in India, Italy and Australia
Creators: name: Colucci, Erminia
name: Lester, David
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, Supplementary_file_1 for A cross-cultural study of attitudes toward suicide among young people in India, Italy and Australia by Erminia Colucci and David Lester in International Journal of Social Psychiatry
Determination of Plasma Properties in Liquid Jets Through Time-Resolved Experiments on Third Harmonic Reflection Dynamics
Creators: name: Hilal, S.
name: Melnik, M.
name: Ismagilov, A.
name: Tsypkin, A.
name: Kozlov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of plasma in liquid jets represents a significant area of research encompassing plasma science, dynamics, and properties. This paper presents experimental studies on plasma formation processes in liquid jets of water, ethanol, and isopropyl based on the dynamics of the third harmonic reflection from the induced plasma surface. The characteristics of plasma formation and its properties concerning the angle of incidence of pump radiation on the jet are described. Through time-resolved experiments, and theoretical estimations using Keldysh theory, plasma properties, including reflectivity, density, and frequency for three different media: water, ethanol, and isopropyl are evaluated. Among the studied liquid jets, the isopropyl one demonstrates the highest values of the characteristics mentioned. These findings hold significant potential for advancing our understanding of plasma-based radiation sources e.g. terahertz generation.
Simultaneous access to high normalized current, pressure, density, and confinement in strongly-shaped diverted negative triangularity plasmas
Creators: name: Paz-Soldan, C.
name: Chrystal, C.
name: Lunia, P.
name: Nelson, A. O.
name: Thome, K. E.
name: Austin, M. E.
name: Cote, T. B.
name: Hyatt, A. W.
name: Marinoni, A.
name: Osborne, T. H.
name: Pharr, M.
name: Sauter, O.
name: Scotti, F.
name: Wilks, T. M.
name: Wilson, H. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly-shaped diverted negative triangularity (NT) plasmas in the DIII-D tokamak demonstrate simultaneous access to high normalized current, pressure, density, and confinement. NT plasmas are shown to exist across an expansive parameter space compatible with high fusion power production, revealing surprisingly good core stability properties that compare favorably to conventional positive triangularity plasmas in DIII-D. Non-dimensionalizing the operating space, edge safety factors below 3, normalized betas above 3, Greenwald density fractions above 1, and high-confinement mode (H-mode) confinement qualities above 1 are simultaneously observed, all with a robustly stable edge free from deleterious edge-localized mode instabilities. Scaling of the confinement time with engineering parameters reveals at least a linear dependence on plasma current although with significant power degradation, both in excess of expected H-mode scalings. These results increase confidence that NT plasmas are a viable approach to realize fusion power and open directions for future detailed study.
Gravitational waves with generalized holonomy corrections
Creators: name: Li, Shulan
name: Wu, Jian-Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological tensor perturbation equation with generalized holonomy corrections is derived in the framework of effective loop quantum gravity. This results in a generalized dispersion relation for gravitational waves, encompassing holonomy corrections. Furthermore, we conduct an examination of the constraint algebra concerning vector modes with generalized holonomy corrections. The requirement of anomaly cancellation for vector modes imposes constraints on the possible functional forms of the generalized holonomy corrections. What's more, we estimate the theoretical value of the effective graviton mass and discuss the potential detectability of this effective mass in future observations.
description: 27 pages, 1 figure
Timing measurement of the CALICE AHCAL
Creators: name: Brianne, Eldwan
Publisher: name: Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron, DESY, Hamburg
Year: 2016

description: Deutsche Physikalische Gesellschaft, DPG, Hamburg, DESY, Germany, 29 Feb 2016 - 4 Mar 2016 ; (2016).
description: The CALICE Collaboration is developing highly granular calorimeters for a future e+e− linear collider. The development of the calorimeters is driven by the Particle Flow (PFA) concept in order to achieve a jet energy resolution of 3-4 %. The Analog Hadronic Calorimeter (AH- CAL) is one of the detector concepts based on 3x3 cm2 scintillating tiles read out by Silicon Photomultipliers and processed by an ASIC (SPIROC2B) capable to measure timing.A second generation engineering prototype of the AHCAL is developed to focus on the full scalability of the detector and features, in addition to amplitude measurements, timing measurements at a single cell level. It was tested at the CERN SPS in summer 2015 with two different absorber materials, steel and tungsten, in muon, electron and hadron beams. This talk will focus on the timing capabilities of the AHCAL prototype and the possible influence on PFA reconstruction.
Nuclear Recoil Identification in a Scientific Charge-Coupled Device
Creators: name: McGuire, K. J.
name: Chavarria, A. E.
name: Castello-Mor, N.
name: Lee, S.
name: Kilminster, B.
name: Vilar, R.
name: Alvarez, A.
name: Jung, J.
name: Cuevas-Zepeda, J.
name: De Dominicis, C.
name: Gaïor, R.
name: Iddir, L.
name: Letessier-Selvon, A.
name: Lin, H.
name: Munagavalasa, S.
name: Norcini, D.
name: Paul, S.
name: Privitera, P.
name: Smida, R.
name: Traina, M.
name: Yajur, R.
name: Zopounidis, J-P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge-coupled devices (CCDs) are a leading technology in direct dark matter searches because of their eV-scale energy threshold and high spatial resolution. The sensitivity of future CCD experiments could be enhanced by distinguishing nuclear recoil signals from electronic recoil backgrounds in the CCD silicon target. We present a technique for event-by-event identification of nuclear recoils based on the spatial correlation between the primary ionization event and the lattice defect left behind by the recoiling atom, later identified as a localized excess of leakage current under thermal stimulation. By irradiating a CCD with an $^{241}$Am$^{9}$Be neutron source, we demonstrate $>93\%$ identification efficiency for nuclear recoils with energies $>150$ keV, where the ionization events were confirmed to be nuclear recoils from topology. The technique remains fully efficient down to 90 keV, decreasing to 50$\%$ at 8 keV, and reaching ($6\pm2$)$\%$ at 1.5--3.5 keV. Irradiation with a $^{24}$Na $γ$-ray source shows no evidence of defect generation by electronic recoils, with the fraction of electronic recoils with energies $<85$ keV that are spatially correlated with defects $<0.1$$\%$.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
title: Ritual and Local Identity on the Kerkennah Islands of Tunisia.
Creators: name: Platt, Katherine Harriet
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1987

description: Identification with place of origin is a critical resource for rural populations who are challenged by labor migration and a new national culture. It is a resource for the migrants because a claim on membership in the home community affords access to economic, political, and social networks organized on the basis of local ties. It is also a psychological anchor in the face of economic insecurity, and urban anonymity. It is a resource for the home community because it allows a reciprocal claim to be made on the migrating population, linking it to otherwise inaccessible benefits of the modern, urban, national culture. Participation in the ritual system is the most intense and efficient way for the home and migrating segments of the Kerkennah community to reassert their connection to each other. Encoded in the life cycle and annual rituals are the cultural rules for how to be a Muslim, how to be a man or woman, and not least, how to be a Kerkenni. The ritual system is not strictly a conservative force in defining and maintaining local identity. It is also progressive in providing a torum for participating migrants to register an innovative voice. This study makes two contributions to the discussion of the Big and Little Traditions pursued by scholars concerned with local interpretations of scriptural religions. One is that at least in an Islamic context, both the Big and Little Traditions are written in the code of gender and it is impossible to understand the interaction of the two traditions without first understanding the relationship of male and female weighted readings of the culture. The second is that in a country like Tunisia, there are not two interacting traditions, but three: the Big, the Little and the New. The New Tradition, which is nationalism, is a competitor rather than a transformation of the Big Tradition. This competition reinforces the importance of local identity.
Stochastic Schrödinger equation approach to real-time dynamics of Anderson-Holstein impurities: an open quantum system perspective
Creators: name: Huang, Zhen
name: Xu, Limin
name: Zhou, Zhennan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a stochastic Schrödinger equation (SSE) framework to simulate real-time dynamics of Anderson-Holstein (AH) impurities coupled to a continuous fermionic bath. The bath degrees of freedom are incorporated through fluctuating terms determined by exact system-bath correlations, which is derived in an ab initio manner. We show that such an SSE treatment provides a middle ground between numerically expansive microscopic simulations and macroscopic master equations. Computationally, the SSE model enables efficient numerical methods for propagating stochastic trajectories. We demonstrate that this approach not only naturally provides microscopically-detailed information unavailable from reduced models, but also captures effects beyond master equations, thus serves as a promising tool to study open quantum dynamics emerging in physics and chemistry.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
Disorder and diffuse scattering in single-chirality (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I crystals
Creators: name: Christensen, Jacob A.
name: Bettler, Simon
name: Qu, Kejian
name: Huang, Jeffrey
name: Kim, Soyeun
name: Lu, Yinchuan
name: Zhao, Chengxi
name: Chen, Jin
name: Krogstad, Matthew J.
name: Woods, Toby J.
name: Mahmood, Fahad
name: Huang, Pinshane Y.
name: Abbamonte, Peter
name: Shoemaker, Daniel P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-one-dimensional chiral compound (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I has been extensively studied as a prime example of a topological Weyl semimetal. Upon crossing its phase transition temperature $T_\textrm{CDW}$ $\approx$ 263 K, (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I exhibits incommensurate charge density wave (CDW) modulations described by the well-defined propagation vector $\sim$(0.05, 0.05, 0.11), oblique to the TaSe$_4$ chains. Although optical and transport properties greatly depend on chirality, there is no systematic report about chiral domain size for (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I. In this study, our single-crystal scattering refinements reveal a bulk iodine deficiency, and Flack parameter measurements on multiple crystals demonstrate that separate (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I crystals have uniform handedness, supported by direct imaging and helicity dependent THz emission spectroscopy. Our single-crystal X-ray scattering and calculated diffraction patterns identify multiple diffuse features and create a real-space picture of the temperature-dependent (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I crystal structure. The short-range diffuse features are present at room temperature and decrease in intensity as the CDW modulation develops. These transverse displacements, along with electron pinning from the iodine deficiency, help explain why (TaSe$_4$)$_2$I behaves as an electronic semiconductor at temperatures above and below $T_\textrm{CDW}$, despite a metallic band structure calculated from density functional theory of the ideal structure.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures, 5 tables
title: Alaska Regional Action Plan for the southeastern Bering Sea : NOAA Fisheries Climate Science Strategy.
title: NOAA Fisheries Climate Science Strategy, Alaska Regional Action Plan for the southeastern Bering Sea
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Alaska Regional Action Plan for southeastern Bering Sea climate science
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Sigler, Michael Frederick, 1957-
name: Hollowed, Anne Babcock, 1956-
name: Holsman, Kirstin K.
name: Zador, Stephani
name: Haynie, Alan C.
name: Himes-Cornell, Amber H.
name: Mundy, Phillip R. (Phillip Roy)
name: Davis, Steve
name: Duffy-Anderson, Janet
name: Gelatt, Thomas Scott
name: Gerke, Brandee Lynn
name: Stabeno, Phyllis
Publisher: name: U.S. Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Alaska Fisheries Science Center
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fisheries--Climatic factors--Bering Sea.

description: The Alaska Fisheries Science Center (AFSC) acquires and distributes the scientific information necessary to fulfill the mission of the National Marine Fisheries Service, which supports responsible stewardship of the Nation’s living marine resources and their habitats (NOAA Fisheries Mission), and collaborates with the Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory (PMEL) to do so. The enabling legislation for the NOAA Fisheries mission is found in the Magnuson-Stevens Fisheries Conservation and Management Act (MSA), the Marine Mammal Protection Act (MMPA), and the Endangered Species Act (ESA). To continue to fulfill this mission in the face of climate change, the AFSC seeks to acquire information and develop science-based strategies for sustaining fisheries, healthy ecosystems, protected species, and coastal communities in a changing climate. The Alaska Regional Action Plan (ARAP) for the southeastern Bering Sea (Figure 1) conforms to a nationally consistent blueprint, the NOAA Fisheries Climate Science Strategy. The Strategy guides efforts by NOAA Fisheries and its partners to address information needs organized into seven science objectives that represent the process of managing the Nation’s fisheries in the face of changing climate conditions. The goal of the RAP is to increase the production, delivery and use of climate related information for marine resource management in the region. The ARAP identifies strengths, weaknesses, priorities, and actions to implement the NOAA Fisheries Climate Science Strategy in Alaska over the next 3-5 years, and contributes to implementation of the Strategy by focusing on building regional capacity and partnerships to address the Strategy’s seven science objectives (Figure 2). Successful implementation of the ARAP will require enhanced collaboration with our academic and agency partners.
title: A Re-Evaluation of Chiang Kaishek's Blueshirts: Chinese Facism in the 1930s.
Creators: name: Chung, Dooeum
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1997

description: This thesis considers the Chinese Blueshirts organisation from 1932 to 1938 in the context of Chiang Kaishek's attempts to unify and modernise China. It sets out the terms of comparison between the Blueshirts and Fascist organisations in Europe and Japan, indicating where there were similarities and differences of ideology and practice, as well as establishing links between them. It then analyses the reasons for the appeal of Fascist organisations and methods to Chiang Kaishek. Following an examination of global factors, the emergence of the Blueshirts from an internal point of view is considered. As well as assuming many of the characteristics of a Fascist organisation, especially according to the Japanese model and to some extent to the European model, the Blueshirts were in many ways typical of the power-cliques which were already an integral part of Chinese politics. The influence of Chinese secret society traditions is also examined as an aspect that clearly distinguished them from their European Fascist counterparts. The second part of this study will turn to the ideological development of the organisation, and to the ultimately abortive attempt to build up a mass-based organisation through the New Life Movement. At the same time, connections between the Blueshirts and the Qing Bang are analysed. Finally, this thesis looks at the apparent disbandment of the Blueshirts in 1938. The conclusion arrived at, is that the Blueshirts may properly be described as Fascist - or an organisation with unmistakable links to Fascism. Like Fascist movements in many countries, the Blueshirts displayed the same unstable combination of adherence to highly conservative traditional values while simultaneously embracing modernism in technology, communications and new forms of social and political organisation. Not only does this study contribute specifically to the political history of China, it also examines the development of political and military movements in the Far East in the period preceding World War Two.
Heterogeneous Subgraph Network with Prompt Learning for Interpretable Depression Detection on Social Media
Creators: name: Chen, Chen
name: Li, Mingwei
name: Li, Fenghuan
name: Chen, Haopeng
name: Lin, Yuankun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Massive social media data can reflect people's authentic thoughts, emotions, communication, etc., and therefore can be analyzed for early detection of mental health problems such as depression. Existing works about early depression detection on social media lacked interpretability and neglected the heterogeneity of social media data. Furthermore, they overlooked the global interaction among users. To address these issues, we develop a novel method that leverages a Heterogeneous Subgraph Network with Prompt Learning(HSNPL) and contrastive learning mechanisms. Specifically, prompt learning is employed to map users' implicit psychological symbols with excellent interpretability while deep semantic and diverse behavioral features are incorporated by a heterogeneous information network. Then, the heterogeneous graph network with a dual attention mechanism is constructed to model the relationships among heterogeneous social information at the feature level. Furthermore, the heterogeneous subgraph network integrating subgraph attention and self-supervised contrastive learning is developed to explore complicated interactions among users and groups at the user level. Extensive experimental results demonstrate that our proposed method significantly outperforms state-of-the-art methods for depression detection on social media.
Spike Talk: Genesis and Neural Coding Scheme Translations
Creators: name: Sahoo, Subham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although digitalization of future power grids offer several coordination incentives, the reliability and security of information and communication technologies (ICT) hinders its overall performance. In this paper, we introduce a novel architecture Spike Talk via a unified representation of power and information as a means of data normalization using spikes for coordinated control of microgrids. This grid-edge technology allows each distributed energy resource (DER) to execute decentralized secondary control philosophy independently by interacting among each other using power flow along the tie-lines. Inspired from the field of computational neuroscience, Spike Talk basically builds on a fine-grained parallelism on the information transfer theory in our brains, particularly when neurons (modeled as DERs) transmit information (inferred from power streams measurable at each DER) through synapses (modeled as tie-lines). Not only does Spike Talk simplify and address the current bottlenecks of the cyber-physical architectural operation by dismissing the ICT layer, it provides intrinsic operational and cost-effective opportunities in terms of infrastructure development, computations and modeling. Hence, this paper provides a pedagogic illustration of the key concepts and design theories. Since we focus on coordinated control of microgrids in this paper, the signaling accuracy and system performance is studied for several neural coding schemes responsible for converting the real-valued local measurements into spikes.
description: This paper is accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
title: British Anticommunist Policy and the Transfer of Power in Nigeria From the Late 1930s to 1960.
Creators: name: Tijani, Hakeem Ibikunle
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1998

description: The subject of the thesis is the attempt to control communist influence by the British within the wider history of decolonization and the transfer of power in West Africa. It concerns the evolution and implementation of anti-communist policies in the colonies with special reference to Nigeria. It analyses British policy in Nigeria within the context of the Cold War and the efforts of the Western powers to secure the good-will of Nigerian leaders after independence. It suggests that the success of the various anti-communist measures marked the beginning of the special relationship between Britain and the emergent Nigerian elite which took the country into independence in 1960. The study reviews the role of the Nigerian Left in the light of new evidence and concludes that communism was of considerable significance during the terminal colonial history of Nigeria. It shows that decolonisation and the transfer of power consisted of more than constitution-making, economic and development planning, the Nigerianisation of the civil service and the institutionalisation of a parliamentary system and federalism. The study is an analysis of the transition from colonialism to independence which emphasises the involvement of the out-going colonial power in the development of Nigerian domestic politics in the 1950s.
Regularization of matrices in the covariant derivative interpretation of matrix models
Creators: name: Hattori, Keiichiro
name: Mizuno, Yuki
name: Tsuchiya, Asato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study regularization of matrices in the covariant derivative interpretation of matrix models, a typical example of which is the type IIB matrix model. The covariant derivative interpretation provides a possible way in which curved spacetimes are described by matrices, which are viewed as differential operators. One needs to regularize the operators as matrices with finite size in order to apply the interpretation to nonperturbative calculations such as numerical simulations. We develop a regularization of the covariant derivatives in two dimensions by using the Berezin-Toeplitz quantization. As examples, we examine the cases of $S^2$ and $T^2$ in details.
description: 32 pages, 2 figures, typos corrected, published version
sj-pdf-1-aim-10.1177_0964528420921193 - Supplemental material for A comparison of the effects of electroacupuncture versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain control in knee osteoarthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Shi, Xiaowei
name: Yu, Wenjing
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Wang, Tong
name: Battulga, Oyunerdene
name: Wang, Lijuan
name: Guo, Changqing
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2020
Subjects: Medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-aim-10.1177_0964528420921193 for A comparison of the effects of electroacupuncture versus transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation for pain control in knee osteoarthritis: a Bayesian network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials by Xiaowei Shi, Wenjing Yu, Wei Zhang, Tong Wang, Oyunerdene Battulga, Lijuan Wang and Changqing Guo in Acupuncture in Medicine
Large-Scale Statistical Analysis of Defect Emission in hBN: Revealing Spectral Families and Influence of Flakes Morphology
Creators: name: Islam, M. S.
name: Chowdhury, R. K.
name: Barthelemy, M.
name: Moczko, L.
name: Hebraud, P.
name: Berciaud, S.
name: Barsella, A.
name: Fras, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum emitters in two-dimensional layered hexagonal boron nitride are quickly emerging as a highly promising platform for next-generation quantum technologies. However, precise identification and control of defects are key parameters to achieve the next step in their development. We conducted a comprehensive study by analyzing over 10,000 photoluminescence emission lines, revealing 11 distinct defect families within the 1.6 to 2.2 eV energy range. This challenges hypotheses of a random energy distribution. We also reported averaged defect parameters, including emission linewidths, spatial density, phonon side bands, and the Debye-Waller factors. These findings provide valuable insights to decipher the microscopic origin of emitters in hBN hosts. We also explored the influence of hBN host morphology on defect family formation, demonstrating its crucial impact. By tuning flake size and arrangement we achieve selective control of defect types while maintaining high spatial density. This offers a scalable approach to defect emission control, diverging from costly engineering methods. It highlights the importance of investigating flake morphological control to gain deeper insights into the origins of defects and to expand the spectral tailoring capabilities of defects in hBN.
title: Aso Oke: The Evolving Tradition of Hand-Woven Textile Design Among the Yoruba of South-Western Nigeria.
Creators: name: Clarke, Duncan Peter
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1998

description: Aso oke is the name given to cloth woven for ceremonial use among the Yoruba-speaking people of south-western Nigeria. The thesis explores the production, distribution and consumption of this cloth through an account based on field research supplemented by archival and secondary sources. The first chapter suggests that the notion of tradition and its relation to both continuity and processes of change is a productive way of appreciating key aspects of the role of aso oke in Yoruba life. The following chapter looks at the history of weaving technology and of hand-woven textile design in the region. Following on from this the weavers' compound is documented as the currently dominant form of production organisation for aso oke, with the focus moving out from a single compound to a wider picture of weaving in Oyo and beyond. The growing movement of young women into aso oke weaving is discussed in the fourth chapter, after which an account is given of the fundamental importance of women cloth traders in promoting design change. In particular their recent role in stimulating an influx of Ewe weavers from Ghana to compete in the aso oke market, and the far-reaching impact of these developments on the design repertoire of Yoruba weavers is documented. The penultimate chapter covers the consumption of aso oke, moving from an account of historical controversies over issues such as cultural nationalism and the role of aso egbe or group dress, to an exploration of the use of the cloth in ceremonies in the 1990s. The conclusion highlights the continuing importance of individual and often idiosyncratic innovation throughout the production, distribution, and consumption of aso oke.
Scalar field inflation driven by a modification of the Heisenberg algebra
Creators: name: Garcia-Compean, H.
name: Mata-Pacheco, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the modifications induced on scalar field inflation produced by considering a general modification of the Heisenberg algebra. We proceed by modifying the Poisson brackets on the classical theory whenever the corresponding quantum commutator is modified. We do not restrict ourselves to a specific form for such modification, instead we constrain the functions involved by the cosmological behaviour of interest. We present whenever possible the way in which inflation can be realized approximately via three slow roll Hubble parameters that depend on the standard slow roll parameters in a very different form than in the usual case and that can be less restrictive. Furthermore we find a general analytical solution describing an expanding universe with constant Hubble parameter that generalizes the standard cosmological constant case by restricting the form of the modification of the Heisenberg algebra. It is found that even if such modification can be neglected in some limit and the cosmological constant is set to zero in that limit, the exponential expansion is present when the modification is important. Thus an appropriate modification of the Heisenberg algebra is sufficient to produce an exponentially expanding universe without the need of any other source.
description: 36 pages, 1 figure. All sections were improved. References added
Extracting linear and nonlinear quasinormal modes from black hole merger simulations
Creators: name: Cheung, Mark Ho-Yeuk
name: Berti, Emanuele
name: Baibhav, Vishal
name: Cotesta, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general relativity, when two black holes merge they produce a rotating (Kerr) black hole remnant. According to perturbation theory, the remnant emits "ringdown" radiation: a superposition of exponentials with characteristic complex frequencies that depend only on the remnant's mass and spin. While the goal of the black hole spectroscopy program is to measure the quasinormal mode frequencies, a knowledge of their amplitudes and phases is equally important to determine which modes are detectable, and possibly to perform additional consistency checks. Unlike the complex frequencies, the amplitudes and phases depend on the properties of the binary progenitors, such as the binary mass ratio and component spins. In this paper we develop a fitting algorithm designed to reliably identify the modes present in numerical simulations and to extract their amplitudes and phases. We apply the algorithm to over 500 binary black hole simulations from the public SXS numerical relativity simulation catalog, and we present fitting formulas for the resulting mode amplitudes and phases as functions of the properties of the progenitors. Crucially, our algorithm allows for the extraction of not only prograde fundamental modes and overtones, but also retrograde modes and second-order modes. We unveil interesting relations for the amplitude ratios of different modes. The fitting code and interactive versions of some of the plots are publicly available. The results presented in this paper can be updated as more and better simulations become available.
description: 38 pages, 22 figures, 2 tables. Interactive plots and code usage examples available at https://mhycheung.github.io/jaxqualin/. The fitting formulas in Eq. (13) have been updated to match an erratum accepted by PRD. None of the figures are affected
Observable signatures of Hall viscosity in lowest Landau level superfluids
Creators: name: Musser, Seth
name: Goldman, Hart
name: Senthil, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hall viscosity is a nondissipative viscosity occurring in systems with broken time-reversal symmetry, such as quantum Hall phases and $p+ip$ superfluids. Despite Hall viscosity's expected ubiquity and past observations in: classical soft matter, optical, and graphene systems, it has yet to be measured experimentally in any macroscopic quantum state of matter. Toward this end, we describe the observable effects of Hall viscosity in a simple family of rotating Bose-Einstein condensates of electrically neutral bosons, in which all of the bosons condense into a single lowest Landau level (LLL) orbital. Such phases are accessible to current cold atom experiments, and we dub them LLL superfluids. We demonstrate that LLL superfluids possess a nonuniversal Hall viscosity, leading to a range of observable consequences such as rotation of vortex-antivortex dipoles and wave-vector dependent corrections to the speed of sound. Furthermore, using a coherent state path integral approach, we present a microscopic derivation of the Landau-Ginzburg equations of a LLL superfluid, showing explicitly how Hall viscosity enters.
description: 49 pages with appendices, 8 figures; updated upon journal acceptance
Boson-fermion pairing and condensation in two-dimensional Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Pisani, Leonardo
name: Bovini, Pietro
name: Pavan, Fabrizio
name: Pieri, Pierbiagio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a mixture of bosons and spin-polarized fermions in two dimensions at zero temperature with a tunable Bose-Fermi attraction. By adopting a diagrammatic T-matrix approach, we analyze the behavior of several thermodynamic quantities for the two species as a function of the density ratio and coupling strength, including the chemical potentials, the momentum distribution functions, the boson condensate density, and the Tan's contact parameter. By increasing the Bose-Fermi attraction, we find that the condensate is progressively depleted and Bose-Fermi pairs form, with a small fraction of condensed bosons surviving even for strong Bose-Fermi attraction. This small condensate proves sufficient to hybridize molecular and atomic states, producing quasi-particles with unusual Fermi liquid features. A nearly universal behavior of the condensate fraction, the bosonic momentum distribution, and Tan's contact parameter with respect to the density ratio is also found.
description: 48 pages, 19 figures
Supporting Changes in Digital Ownership and Data Sovereignty Across the Automotive Value Chain with Catena-X
Creators: name: Manoury, Marvin
name: Riedelsheimer, Theresa
name: Hellmeier, Malte
name: Meyer, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Digital Twins have evolved as a concept describing digital representations of physical assets. They can be used to facilitate simulations, monitoring, or optimization of product lifecycles. Considering the concept of a Circular Economy, which entails several lifecycles of, e.g., vehicles, their components, and materials, it is important to investigate how the respective Digital Twins are managed over the lifecycle of their physical assets. This publication presents and compares three approaches for managing Digital Twins in industrial use cases. The analysis considers aspects such as updates, data ownership, and data sovereignty. The results based on the research project Catena-X
Numerical simulations of the latest caldera-forming eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska
Creators: name: Burgisser, Alain
name: Peccia, Ally
name: Plank, Terry
name: Moussallam, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 2050 14C yBP caldera-forming eruption of Okmok volcano, Alaska, had a global atmospheric impact. The associated global climate cooling was driven by the amount of sulfur injected into the stratosphere during the climactic phase of the eruption. This phase was dominated by pyroclastic density currents, which have complex emplacement dynamics precluding direct estimates of the sulfur stratospheric load. We simulated the dynamics of the climactic phase with the two-phase flow model MFIX-TFM under axisymmetric conditions with several combinations of mass eruption rate, jet water content, vent size, particle size and density, topography, and emission duration. Results suggest that a steady mass eruption rate of 1.2-3.9e11 kg/s is consistent with field observations. Minimal stratospheric injections occur during emission as most of the volcanic gas is injected into the stratosphere by the buoyant liftoff of dilute parts of the currents at the end of the eruption. Overall, 58-64 wt percent of the total amount of gas emitted reaches the stratosphere. Combined with petrological estimates of the degassed S, our results suggest that the eruption injected 11 to 20 Tg S into the stratosphere, consistent with the subsequent climate response and Greenland ice sheet deposition. Our results also show that the combination of the source Richardson number and the mass eruption rate is able to characterize the buoyant-collapse transition at Okmok. We extended this result to 141 runs from 10 published numerical studies of eruptive jets and found that this regime diagram is able to capture the first-order layout of the buoyant-collapse transition in all studies except one. An existing multivariate criterion yields the best predictions of this regime transition.