Cyaforma macula
Creators: name: Chen, Xiaolin
name: Wang, Yong
name: Huangfu, Ning
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Cyaforma
Cyaforma macula

description: Cyaforma macula (Wang, 1988)
(Fig. 2; Figs. 3–5)
Ortalotrypeta macula Wang, 1988 a: 220. Type-locality: Lushui, Yunnan, China. Holotype female in IZCAS.—Wang, 1993b: 1116;
Cyaforma macula: Norrbom, 1994: 10; Wang, 1996:114.
Diagnosis. This species has apparent sexual dimorphism, as the male and female have different scutum and wing patterns. The species is differentiated from other Cyaforma by the combination of characters as follows: 1) thorax with 3 postpronotals, 2 poststural supra-alar and 1 intrapostalar setae; 2) female scutum largely dark brown to black, with a median yellow brown vitta extending from anterior margin to posterior margin (Fig. 2C); male scutum largely yellow brown with 2 narrow submedian dark brown to black vittae extending from anterior margin to posterior margin (Fig. 2D); 3) thoracic pleurona largely yellow, scutellum and abdomen entirely black in female and yellow to yellow brown in male; 4) female wing dark brown in ground color, cells r 1, r 2+3, dm and m 1 each with 1 hyaline spot, and hyaline area along posterior margin of wing (Fig. 2A); male wing with cell dm 1/2 brown and 1/2 pale brown, having 1 oblong unclear hyaline spot at apex cell dm (Fig. 2B). Male epandrium rounded in posterior view, lateral surstylus with apex rounded in lateral view, medial surstylus having 2 black and different-sized prensisetae; distiphallus membranous basally, well sclerotized apically. Aculeus expanded at base, strongly dorsally curved and apically tapered to a point; 3 pale, flat semi-spherical spermathecae present.
Description (only for male and focus on the difference with female). The male is mainly different from female in paler color of thorax and abdomen, and with different scutum pattern (Fig. 2 CD; Fig. 4A) and wing pattern (Fig. 2 AB; Fig. 3 AB). Head completely same with female. Thorax yellow to yellow brown. Pleura yellow. Scutum largely yellow brown with 2 narrow submedian dark brown to black vittae, scutellum yellow brown. Wing partly black, partly light brown and with several hyaline spots (different with the female wing pattern). Cell dm 1/2 brown and 1/2 pale brown, having 1 oblong unclear hyaline spot at apex cell dm; Cell br light yellow, Cell r 4+5 approximately light yellow half basically and dark brown half apically. Halter yellow to yellow brown. Abdomen with color and pattern variable. Generally yellow to yellow brown, some yellow brown in ground color with one medial yellow vita, some yellow to yellow brown in ground color with irregular dark brown marks.
Distribution. China (Yunnan).
Material examined. Holotype ♀, CHINA: Yunnan: Lushui, 2300 m, 31.V.1981, J. M. Zhao (IZCAS). Other material: 1♀, same data as holotype (IZCAS); 3♀, CHINA: Yunnan: Lushui, Yaojiaping, 2427m, 9.VI.2020, Xiaolin Chen, Yong Wang and Ning Huangfu (IZCAS); 3 ♀, CHINA: Yunnan: Tengchong, Jietouzhen, Tiantaishan, 1911m, 6.VI.2020, Xiaolin Chen, Yong Wang and Ning Huangfu (IZCAS); 6 ♂, CHINA: Yunnan: Lushui, Yaojiaping, 2427 m, 9.VI.2020, Xiaolin Chen, Yong Wang and Ning Huangfu (IZCAS); 8 ♂, CHINA: Yunnan: Tengchong, Jietouzhen, Tiantaishan, 1911 m, 6.VI.2020, Xiaolin Chen, Yong Wang and Ning Huangfu (IZCAS).
Biology. We observed flies of this species (Figs. 3–5) at Tiantai Mountain, Tengchong, Yunnan Province, China in the summer of 2020. The collection sites were damp and humid, located at elevations from 1900m to 2006m. Cyaforma macula was found on one side of a small walking path, and on the other side of this path was a stream. The vegetation was herbaceous with the dominating plant belonging to Urticaceae (not identify further). A male and female of C. macula were observed mating on an Urticaceae species (Fig. 4 AB) between 2:45 and 3: 35 in the afternoon remaining in copula for about 50 minutes. After the mating, the male was observed to regurgitate a drop of “honey dew” to feed the female (Fig. 5 A).
description: Published as part of Chen, Xiaolin, Wang, Yong & Huangfu, Ning, 2024, A review of Cyaforma Wang (Diptera: Tephritidae), with some biological notes on the genus, pp. 247-256 in Zootaxa 5543 (2) on pages 250-252, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5543.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/14386100