cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Robust Study of High-Redshift Galaxies: Unsupervised Machine Learning for Characterising morphology with JWST up to z ~ 8
Creators: name: Tohill, Clár-Bríd
name: Bamford, Steven
name: Conselice, Christopher
name: Ferreira, Leonardo
name: Harvey, Thomas
name: Adams, Nathan
name: Austin, Duncan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy morphologies provide valuable insights into their formation processes, tracing the spatial distribution of ongoing star formation and encoding signatures of dynamical interactions. While such information has been extensively investigated at low redshift, it is crucial to develop a robust system for characterising galaxy morphologies at earlier cosmic epochs. Relying solely on the nomenclature established for low-redshift galaxies risks introducing biases that hinder our understanding of this new regime. In this paper, we employ variational auto-encoders to perform feature extraction on galaxies at z $>$ 2 using JWST/NIRCam data. Our sample comprises 6869 galaxies at z $>$ 2, including 255 galaxies z $>$ 5, which have been detected in both the CANDELS/HST fields and CEERS/JWST, ensuring reliable measurements of redshift, mass, and star formation rates. To address potential biases, we eliminate galaxy orientation and background sources prior to encoding the galaxy features, thereby constructing a physically meaningful feature space. We identify 11 distinct morphological classes that exhibit clear separation in various structural parameters, such as CAS-$M_{20}$, Sérsic indices, specific star formation rates, and axis ratios. We observe a decline in the presence of spheroidal-type galaxies with increasing redshift, indicating a dominance of disk-like galaxies in the early universe. We demonstrate that conventional visual classification systems are inadequate for high-redshift morphology classification and advocate the need for a more detailed and refined classification scheme. Leveraging machine-extracted features, we propose a solution to this challenge and illustrate how our extracted clusters align with measured parameters, offering greater physical relevance compared to traditional methods.
description: 29 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Thermodynamics of Vortices in the Plane
Creators: name: Shah, P. A.
name: Manton, N. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamics of vortices in the critically coupled abelian Higgs model, defined on the plane, are investigated by placing $N$ vortices in a region of the plane with periodic boundary conditions: a torus. It is noted that the moduli space for $N$ vortices, which is the same as that of $N$ indistinguishable points on a torus, fibrates into a $CP_{N-1}$ bundle over the Jacobi manifold of the torus. The volume of the moduli space is a product of the area of the base of this bundle and the volume of the fibre. These two values are determined by considering two 2-surfaces in the bundle corresponding to a rigid motion of a vortex configuration, and a motion around a fixed centre of mass. The partition function for the vortices is proportional to the volume of the moduli space, and the equation of state for the vortices is $P(A-4πN)=NT$ in the thermodynamic limit, where $P$ is the pressure, $A$ the area of the region of the plane occupied by the vortices, and $T$ the temperature. There is no phase transition.
description: 17 pages, DAMTP 93-30
Mapping Research Outputs to the Sustainable Development Goals: A Case Study of Swinburne University of Technology
Creators: name: Yin, Hui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: SDGs

description: The number of publications related to the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) continues to grow. These publications cover a diverse spectrum of research, from humanities and social sciences to engineering and health. Given the imperative of funding bodies to monitor outcomes and impacts, linking publications to relevant SDGs is critical but remains time-consuming and difficult given the breadth and complexity of the SDGs. A publication may relate to several goals (interconnection feature of goals), and therefore require multidisciplinary knowledge to tag accurately. Machine learning approaches are promising and have proven particularly valuable for tasks such as manual data labelling and text classification. In this study, we employed over 82,000 publications from an Australian university as a case study. We utilized a similarity measure to map these publications onto Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Additionally, we leveraged the OpenAI GPT model to conduct the same task, facilitating a comparative analysis between the two approaches. Experimental results show that about 82.89% of the results obtained by the similarity measure overlap (at least one tag) with the outputs of the GPT model. The adopted model (similarity measure) can complement GPT model for SDG classification. Furthermore, deep learning methods, which include the similarity measure used here, are more accessible and trusted for dealing with sensitive data without the use of commercial AI services or the deployment of expensive computing resources to operate large language models. Our study demonstrates how a crafted combination of the two methods can achieve reliable results for mapping research to the SDGs.
Electromagnetic braking: a simple quantitative model
Creators: name: Levin, Yan
name: da Silveira, Fernando L.
name: Rizzato, Felipe B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A calculation is presented which quantitatively accounts for the terminal velocity of a cylindrical magnet falling through a long copper or aluminum pipe. The experiment and the theory are a dramatic illustration of the Faraday's and Lenz's laws and are bound to capture student's attention in any electricity and magnetism course.
Observation of Ground and Excited Flat Band States in Graphene Photonic Ribbons
Creators: name: Cantillano, Camilo
name: Mukherjee, Sebabrata
name: Morales-Inostroza, Luis
name: Real, Bastián
name: Cáceres-Aravena, Gabriel
name: Hermann-Avigliano, Carla
name: Thomson, Robert R.
name: Vicencio, Rodrigo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the wave transport and localisation is a major goal in the study of lattices of different nature. In general, inhibiting the energy transport on a perfectly periodic and disorder-free system is challenging, however, some specific lattice geometries allow localisation due to the presence of dispersionless (flat) bands in the energy spectrum. Here, we report on the experimental realisation of a quasi-one-dimensional photonic graphene ribbon supporting four flat-bands. We study the dynamics of fundamental and dipolar modes, which are analogous to the s and p orbitals, respectively. In the experiment, both modes (orbitals) are effectively decoupled from each other, implying two sets of six bands, where two of them are completely flat. Using an image generator setup, we excite the s and p flat band modes and demonstrate their non-diffracting propagation for the first time. Our results open an exciting route towards photonic emulation of higher orbital dynamics.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Acceleration of the Universe
Creators: name: Liddle, Andrew R
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cosmological model best capable of fitting current observational data features two separate epochs during which the Universe is accelerating. During the earliest stages of the Universe, such acceleration is known as cosmological inflation, believed to explain the global properties of the Universe and the origin of structure. Observations of the present state of the Universe strongly suggest that its density is currently dominated by dark energy with properties equivalent or similar to a cosmological constant. In these lecture notes, I provide an introductory account of both topics, including the possibility that the two epochs may share the same physical description, and give an overview of the current status.
description: 31 pages LaTeX file with two figures incorporated. Paper efficient 2up landscape version (16 pages) at http://star-www.cpes.susx.ac.uk/~andrewl/cargese2.ps.gz Based on talks given at `Understanding our Universe at the close of the 20th century', Cargese, April 2000. Companion paper to astro-ph/0009492 by Pedro Viana
title: Monitoring of rainfall and soil moisture at the Rebaixader catchment (Central Pyrenees)
Creators: name: Hürlimann, Marcel
name: Oorthuis, Raül
name: Abancó, Clàudia
name: Carleo, Luigi
name: Moya, José
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2019
Subjects: monitoring
rainfall infiltration
soil moisture
threshold
Pyrenees

description: The instrumental monitoring of torrential catchments is a fundamental research task and provides necessary information to improve our understanding on the mechanisms of debris flows. While most monitoring sites include meteorological sensors and analyze the critical rainfall conditions, only very few contain soil moisture measurements. In our monitoring site, the Rebaixader catchment, 11 debris flows and 24 debris floods were detected during the last nine years. Herein, the initiation mechanisms of these torrential flows were analyzed focusing on the critical rainfall conditions and the soil water dynamics. Comparing the temporal distribution of both rainfall episodes and torrential flows, the Kernel density plots showed maximum values for rainfalls at the beginning of June, while the peak for torrential flows is at July 20th. This means that highest probability of debris flows and debris floods triggering is about 1.5 months later than the one of rainstorms in the catchment. Thus, the antecedent rainfall and especially the soil moisture conditions may influence the triggering of torrential flows. In a second step, a new updated rainfall threshold was proposed including total rainfall duration and mean intensity. The analysis of soil moisture data was more complicated and no clear trends were observed in the dataset. Therefore, additional data has to be recorded in order to quantitatively analyze the role of soil moisture on the triggering of flows and for the definition of thresholds. Some preliminary results show that the soil moisture at the beginning of a rainfall event affects the maximum increase of soil moisture, while a slight trend was visible comparing the initial soil moisture with the necessary rainfall amount to trigger a torrential flow.
Semiflexible polymers: Dependence on ensemble and boundary orientations
Creators: name: Chaudhuri, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the mechanical properties of a worm-like-chain (WLC) polymer, of contour length $L$ and persistence length $ł$ such that $t=L/ł\sim{\cal O}(1)$, depend both on the ensemble and the constraint on end-orientations. In the Helmholtz ensemble, multiple minima in free energy near $t=4$ persists for all kinds of orientational boundary conditions. The qualitative features of projected probability distribution of end to end vector depend crucially on the embedding dimensions. A mapping of the WLC model, to a quantum particle moving on the surface of an unit sphere, is used to obtain the statistical and mechanical properties of the polymer under various boundary conditions and ensembles. The results show excellent agreement with Monte-Carlo simulations.
description: 15 pages, 15 figures; version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. E; one new figure and discussions added
Exact N=2 Landau-Ginzburg Flows
Creators: name: Fendley, Paul
name: Intriligator, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exactly solvable N=2-supersymmetric flows whose infrared fixed points are the N=2 minimal models. The exact S-matrices and the Casimir energy (a c-function) are determined along the entire renormalization group trajectory. The c-function runs from c=3 (asymptotically) in the UV to the N=2 minimal model values of the central charge in the IR, leading us to interpret these theories as the Landau-Ginzburg models with superpotential $X^{k+2}$. Consideration of the elliptic genus gives further support for this interpretation. We also find an integrable model in this hierarchy which has spontaneously-broken supersymmetry and superpotential $X$, and a series of integrable models with (0,2) supersymmetry. The flows exhibit interesting behavior in the UV, including a relation to the N=2 super sine-Gordon model. We speculate about the relation between the kinetic term and the cigar target-space metric.
description: 24 pages, BUHEP-93-17, RU-93-29
MOBILIDADE URBANA E MUNICÍPIOS SAUDÁVEIS NA AML: TENDÊNCIAS ENTRE AS ÚLTIMAS DUAS DÉCADAS (2000 e 2010)
Creators: name: Marques Da Costa, Nuno
name: Louro, Ana
Publisher: name: Finisterra
Year: 2019

description: O tema “mobilidade urbana” tem estado em discussão nos meios académicos e políticos, não apenas pela sua função na estruturação dos sistemas urbanos e no desenvolvimento das cidades, mas cada vez mais pelos problemas imputados às suas dinâmicas, resultado da combinação das opções políticas em torno dos investimentos em infraestruturas e a evolução dos comportamentos individuais e coletivos em termos de mobilidade. Consequências negativas nas áreas ambiental, societal e económica têm posto em causa as metas já atingidas em prol do Desenvolvimento Urbano Sustentável e, em particular, da persecução de objetivos associados ao planeamento de Cidades Saudáveis, movimento enquadrado na OMS. Neste artigo, propõe-se a identificação de um quadro de indicadores representativos da relação entre transporte e mobilidade urbana atendendo a princípios e objetivos no quadro das Cidades Saudáveis, tendo como território de estudo a Área Metropolitana de Lisboa. A metodologia desenvolve-se em duas etapas: uma análise das tendências de convergência ou divergência de comportamento dos diversos indicadores entre dois períodos de análise, recorrendo à análise de medidas de dispersão, e a identificação das relações entre os indicadores através de uma análise fatorial em componentes principais, seguida de uma análise de clusters, para o período recente. As 5 componentes principais identificadas (com 86,7% de explicação da variância total) permitiram distinguir os municípios verificando-se em 9 dos 16 indicadores uma tendência favorável às orientações para as Cidades Saudáveis entre os dois períodos de análise, enquanto 10 dos 16 indicadores permitiram indicar que as realidades municipais se revelaram próximas no contexto metropolitano.
description: Finisterra, vol. 54 n.º 112 (2019)
Plurality Voting: the statistical laws of democracy in Brazil
Creators: name: Araripe, Luis E.
name: Filho, Raimundo N. Costa
name: Herrmann, Hans J.
name: Andrade, Jose S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the statistical laws behind the plurality voting system by investigating the election results for mayor held in Brazil in 2004. Our analysis indicate that the vote partition among mayor candidates of the same city tends to be "polarized" between two candidates, a phenomenon that can be closely described by means of a simple fragmentation model. Complex concepts like "government continuity" and "useful vote" can be identified and even statistically quantified through our approach.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Constraints on Inflation
Creators: name: Viana, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A short introduction to structure formation is given, followed by a discussion of the possible characteristics of the initial perturbations assuming a generic inflationary origin. Observational data related to large-scale structure and the cosmic microwave background radiation is then used in an attempt to constrain the characteristics of such perturbations. Future directions are also explored. The possibility of direct detection of a stochastic gravitational wave background produced during an inflationary phase in the early Universe is briefly discussed, as well as the available evidence regarding the present value of the total energy density in the Universe.
description: 24 pages, Latex, no figures, based on talks given at the Cargese School "Cosmology 2000", to be published in New Astronomy, companion paper to astro-ph/0009491
A Green Bank Telescope Survey of Large Galactic HII Regions
Creators: name: Anderson, L. D.
name: Armentrout, W. P.
name: Luisi, Matteo
name: Bania, T. M.
name: Balser, Dana S.
name: Wenger, Trey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As part of our ongoing HII Region Discovery Survey (HRDS), we report the Green Bank Telescope detection of 148 new angularly-large Galactic HII regions in radio recombination line (RRL) emission. Our targets are located at a declination greater than -45deg., which corresponds to 266deg. > l > -20deg. at b = 0deg. All sources were selected from the WISE Catalog of Galactic HII Regions, and have infrared angular diameters >260''. The Galactic distribution of these "large" HII regions is similar to that of the previously-known sample of Galactic HII regions. The large HII region RRL line width and peak line intensity distributions are skewed toward lower values compared with that of previous HRDS surveys. We discover 7 sources with extremely narrow RRLs <10 km/s. If half the line width is due to turbulence, these 7 sources have thermal plasma temperatures <1100 K. These temperatures are lower than any measured for Galactic HII regions, and the narrow line components may arise instead from partially ionized zones in the HII region photo-dissociation regions. We discover G039.515+00.511, one of the most luminous HII regions in the Galaxy. We also detect the RRL emission from three HII regions with diameters >100 pc, making them some of the physically largest known HII regions in the Galaxy. This survey completes the HRDS HII region census in the Northern sky, where we have discovered 887 HII regions and more than doubled the previously-known census of Galactic HII regions.
description: Accepted in ApJS
Protein-protein interaction spider of oral cancer
Creators: name: Jaewon Hwang
name: Silverman, Lorelei
name: Silverman, Rosalind
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biomarkers
subject: 111201 Cancer Cell Biology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111202 Cancer Diagnosis
subject: 111203 Cancer Genetics
subject: Diseases
subject: 110199 Medical Biochemistry and Metabolomics not elsewhere classified
subject: 110101 Medical Biochemistry: Amino Acids and Metabolites
subject: 110106 Medical Biochemistry: Proteins and Peptides (incl. Medical Proteomics)
subject: 110311 Medical Genetics (excl. Cancer Genetics)
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: 111207 Molecular Targets
subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: 110505 Oral Medicine and Pathology
subject: 110709 Tumour Immunology

description: Protein protein interaction of oral cancerOral cancer is the eleventh most common cancer worldwide with an estimated more than 500, 000 incident cases reported and over 300, 000 resultant deaths annually. Oral cancer includes a group of neoplasms arising in any region of oral cavity, pharynx, larynx, and salivary glands. The greatest risk factors for oral cancer include tobacco use (smoking and chewing), excessive alcohol consumption, and betel-quid chewing. Not only tobacco smoking is associated with approximately 75% of all cases of oral cancers, but also, alcohol and tobacco together can synergistically increase oral cancer risk. More than 90 % of cancers that occur for oral neoplasm are oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCC) that arise from the mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity. Although advances of therapeutic approaches including surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy are the pillar of OSCC treatment, the 5 year overall survival rate for patients at less than 50% has remained unchanged for past few decades. The goal of this project was to generate visual summary of proteins-protein interactions that are involved in OSCC through bioinformatics approach. The application of the pathway analysis may reveal potential biomarkers for OSCC disease and potentially help further understand the mechanisms underlying disease progression.
Resources:The Oral Cancer Foundation (OCF)National Cancer Institute at the National Institutes of HealthCanadian Cancer SocietyAmerican Cancer Society
References:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11905707https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18096889https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29731919https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25651787https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25220842https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29072384
Determination of olaquindox, carbadox and cyadox in animal feeds by ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry
Creators: name: Xiaohuan Miao
name: Lijun Xu
name: Haipu Li
name: Zhaoguang Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox are chemically synthesised antibacterial and growth-promoting agents for animals. At high doses they may exert mutagenicity and hepatic and adrenal toxicities in animals. Regrettably, these substances are frequently abused or misused when added into animal feeds. Thus, developing a sensitive and reliable method for simultaneous determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in different kinds of animal feeds is crucially important for food safety monitoring. In this paper we optimised instrumental conditions, extraction solvents, solid phase extraction cartridges, and pH of the loading solvents on the Oasis HLB cartridge. Under the optimal conditions, mean recoveries ranged from 74.1 to 111%, and intra-day and inter-day variations were lower than 14.6% and 10.8%, respectively. The limits of quantification for olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox were 0.05 mg kg−1, 0.10 mg kg−1, and 0.025 mg kg−1, respectively. The proposed method uses ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry and is sensitive and reliable for the simultaneous determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in three kinds of animal feeds (specifically, mixed feed, concentrated feed, and additive premixed feed). This method has good precision, high sensitivity, and good reproducibility, and thus it can be used for convenient and accurate determination of olaquindox, carbadox, and cyadox in different kinds of animal feeds.
Measuring heavy-tailedness of distributions
Creators: name: Jordanova, Pavlina K.
name: Petkova, Monika P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Different questions related with analysis of extreme values and outliers arise frequently in practice. To exclude extremal observations and outliers is not a good decision because they contain important information about the observed distribution. The difficulties with their usage are usually related to the estimation of the tail index in case it exists. There are many measures for the center of the distribution, e.g. mean, mode, median. There are many measures of the variance, asymmetry, and kurtosis, but there is no easy characteristic for heavy-tailedness of the observed distribution. Here we propose such a measure, give some examples and explore some of its properties. This allows us to introduce a classification of the distributions, with respect to their heavy-tailedness. The idea is to help and navigate practitioners for accurate and easier work in the field of probability distributions. Using the properties of the defined characteristics some distribution sensitive extremal index estimators are proposed and their properties are partially investigated.
description: Submitted in AIP Conference porceedings
Monash University’s Content Migration: A case study
Creators: name: Harrison, Andrew
name: Hardeman, Megan
name: Team Figshare
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This is a case study based on Monash University's experience migrating content, including their theses, into their instance of Figshare.
For more information on Monash University’s content migration, including the coding required to migrate the content and work done in-house versus commissioned by the university, please reach out to Andrew: andrew.harrison@monash.edu.
Unbounded autocatalytic growth on diffusive substrate: the extinction transition
Creators: name: Moalem, Sasi
name: Shnerb, Nadav M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of diffusively correlated spatial fluctuations on the proliferation-extinction transition of autocatalytic agents is investigated numerically. Reactants adaptation to spatio-temporal active regions is shown to lead to proliferation even if the mean field rate equations predict extinction, in agreement with previous theoretical predictions. While in the proliferation phase the system admits a typical time scale that dictates the exponential growth, the extinction times distribution obeys a power law at the parameter region considered.
Phi Meson Measurements at RHIC with the PHENIX Detector
Creators: name: Sarsour, Murad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of phi mesons provides a unique and complementary method for exploring properties of the hot and dense medium created in the relativistic heavy ion collisions. It has a relatively small hadronic interaction cross section and is sensitive to the increase of strangeness (strangeness enhancement), a phenomenon associated with soft particles in bulk matter. Measurements in the dilepton channels are especially interesting since leptons interact only electromagnetically, thus carrying the information from their production phase directly to the detector. Measurements in different nucleus-nucleus collisions allow us to perform a systematic study of the nuclear medium effects on phi meson production. The PHENIX detector provides the capabilities to measure the phi meson production in a wide range of transverse momentum and rapidity to study these effects. In this proceeding, we present measurements of the phi mesons in a variety of collision systems at $\sqrt{s_NN} = 200$ GeV. In case of small systems, the data are compared with AMPT calculations to study the various cold nuclear medium effects involved in phi meson production.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, sQM2017 conference proceedings
SIAMESE NETWORK BASED ONE-SHOT LEARNING FOR PULSE AND SIGNAL IDENTIFICATION APPLICATIONS
Creators: name: Govalkar, Ameya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: signal
pulse
radar
machine-learning
one-shot
neural network

description: Target identification and signal type differentiation is an important factor in radar systems. Traditional methods to identify targets and signal types require deterministic approaches which may need a lot of computational power and development time. With the use of Siamese Network proposed in this work, the time required to train and simulate the results is significantly reduced. This work proposes a method to identify signals and pulses and the number of interleaved target signals in them. First the received signal is processed through various windowing functions to achieve an appropriate signal-to-noise ratio with a low error percent of data loss. Next, the processed signal’s Continuous Wavelet Transform is taken in order to simultaneously capture both the slowly varying fluctuations and the transient phenomena. Finally, the wavelet transform is inputted into the Siamese Network for identification and prediction. The Siamese Network used in this work was developed in MATLAB language for training, testing, and validation. The network simulation shows promising results and a robust performance for signal type and number of signals identification.
Non-uniform Replication
Creators: name: Cabrita, Gonçalo
name: Preguiça, Nuno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.4

description: Replication is a key technique in the design of efficient and reliable distributed systems. As information grows, it becomes difficult or even impossible to store all information at every replica. A common approach to deal with this problem is to rely on partial replication, where each replica maintains only a part of the total system information. As a consequence, a remote replica might need to be contacted for computing the reply to some given query, which leads to high latency costs particularly in geo-replicated settings. In this work, we introduce the concept of non-uniform replication, where each replica stores only part of the information, but where all replicas store enough information to answer every query. We apply this concept to eventual consistency and conflict-free replicated data types. We show that this model can address useful problems and present two data types that solve such problems. Our evaluation shows that non-uniform replication is more efficient than traditional replication, using less storage space and network bandwidth.
description: Preprint, accepted for publication
Periodic orbit bifurcations and local symmetry restorations in exotic-shape nuclear mean fields
Creators: name: Arita, Ken-ichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semiclassical origins of the enhancement of shell effects in exotic-shape mean-field potentials are investigated by focusing attention on the roles of the local symmetries associated with the periodic-orbit bifurcations. The deformed shell structures for four types of pure octupole shapes in the nuclear mean-field model having a realistic radial dependence are analyzed. Remarkable shell effects are shown for a large Y32 deformation having tetrahedral symmetry. Much stronger shell effects found in the shape parametrization smoothly connecting the sphere and the tetrahedron are investigated from the view point of the classical-quantum correspondence. The local dynamical symmetries associated with the bridge orbit bifurcations are shown to have significant roles in emergence of the exotic deformed shell structures for certain combinations of the surface diffuseness and the tetrahedral deformation parameters.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, talk given at the workshop "Shapes and Symmetries in Nuclei: from Experiment to Theory (SSNET'16)", Gif sur Yvette, France, Nov 7-11, 2016
Photonic integrated processor for structured light detection and distinction
Creators: name: Bütow, Johannes
name: Sharma, Varun
name: Brandmüller, Dorian
name: Eismann, Jörg S.
name: Banzer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Integrated photonic devices have become pivotal elements across most research fields that involve light-based applications. A particularly versatile category of this technology are programmable photonic integrated processors, which are being employed in an increasing variety of applications, like communication or photonic computing. Such processors accurately control on-chip light within meshes of programmable optical gates. Free-space optics applications can utilize this technology by using appropriate on-chip interfaces to couple distributions of light to the photonic chip. This enables, for example, access to the spatial properties of free-space light, particularly to phase distributions, which is usually challenging and requires either specialized devices or additional components. Here we discuss and show the detection of amplitude and phase of structured higher-order light beams using a multipurpose photonic processor. Our device provides measurements of amplitude and phase distributions which can be used to, e.g., directly distinguish light's orbital angular momentum without the need for further elements interacting with the free-space light. Paving a way towards more convenient and intuitive phase measurements of structured light, we envision applications in a wide range of fields, specifically in microscopy or communications where the spatial distributions of lights properties are important.
THE DISTRIBUTION OF WEIGHT STANDARDS TO PORTUGUESE CITIES AND TOWNS IN THE EARLY 16TH CENTURY: ADMINISTRATIVE, DEMOGRAPHIC AND ECONOMIC FACTORS
Creators: name: Seabra Lopes, Luís Filipe
Publisher: name: Finisterra
Year: 2019

description: In a letter of May 1503, little known until now, but of great importance for the history of the reform of weights in Portugal, king Manuel I announced the delivery of the new standards to the municipalities and scheduled the entry into force of the new system for January 1504. It is known that the manueline weight piles were already being delivered in July 1503 and that the new system did come into force in 1504. In the following decades, as the documentation shows, the manueline rules remained in force and the regional authorities sought to ensure their application. It is also known that many municipalities have been given exemptions from having the standards, considering their smallness, poverty or lack of trade. Crosschecking the recently elaborated inventory of manueline weight piles with data from the 1527-1532 administrative and demographic survey of the whole kingdom allows for a more substantial analysis of how this process unfolded. More than the global population and size of a municipality, it was the population and importance of its chief urban center that mainly influenced on the decision of acquiring a manueline pile. Of all manueline piles with identified origin, 97% come from cities or towns, 92% come from municipalities with more than 150 households, 80% come from municipalities whose chief urban centers had more than 100 households and 75% come from municipalities with defensive buildings. The province of Entre-Douro-e-Minho, the most densely populated, but where dispersed settlement prevailed, stands out due to the low density of referenced manueline piles. The number of municipalities with manueline piles may have approached two hundred, of which more than 120 are referenced.
description: Finisterra, vol. 54 n.º 112 (2019)
MaskBEV: Joint Object Detection and Footprint Completion for Bird's-eye View 3D Point Clouds
Creators: name: Guimont-Martin, William
name: Fortin, Jean-Michel
name: Pomerleau, François
name: Giguère, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent works in object detection in LiDAR point clouds mostly focus on predicting bounding boxes around objects. This prediction is commonly achieved using anchor-based or anchor-free detectors that predict bounding boxes, requiring significant explicit prior knowledge about the objects to work properly. To remedy these limitations, we propose MaskBEV, a bird's-eye view (BEV) mask-based object detector neural architecture. MaskBEV predicts a set of BEV instance masks that represent the footprints of detected objects. Moreover, our approach allows object detection and footprint completion in a single pass. MaskBEV also reformulates the detection problem purely in terms of classification, doing away with regression usually done to predict bounding boxes. We evaluate the performance of MaskBEV on both SemanticKITTI and KITTI datasets while analyzing the architecture advantages and limitations.
description: \c{opyright} 2023 IEEE. Personal use of this material is permitted. Permission from IEEE must be obtained for all other uses, in any current or future media, including reprinting/republishing this material for advertising or promotional purposes, creating new collective works, for resale or redistribution to servers or lists, or reuse of any copyrighted component of this work in other works
String Theory and the Principle of Black Hole Complementarity
Creators: name: Susskind, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: String theory provides an example of the kind of apparent inconsistency that the {\it Principle of Black Hole Complementarity\/} deals with. To a freely infalling observer a string falling through a black hole horizon appears to be a Planck size object. To an outside observer the string and all the information it carries begin to spread as the string approaches the horizon. In a time of order the ``information retention time'' it fills the entire area of the horizon.
description: 7 pages, SU-ITP-93-18
The Turan number of 2P_7
Creators: name: Lan, Yongxin
name: Qin, Zhongmei
name: Shi, Yongtang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Turán number of a graph $H$, denoted by $ex(n,H)$, is the maximum number of edges in any graph on $n$ vertices which does not contain $H$ as a subgraph. Let $P_{k}$ denote the path on $k$ vertices and let $mP_{k}$ denote $m$ disjoint copies of $P_{k}$. Bushaw and Kettle [Turán numbers of multiple paths and equibipartite forests, Combin. Probab. Comput. 20(2011) 837--853] determined the exact value of $ex(n,kP_\ell)$ for large values of $n$. Yuan and Zhang [The Turán number of disjoint copies of paths, Discrete Math. 340(2)(2017) 132--139] completely determined the value of $ex(n,kP_3)$ for all $n$, and also determined $ex(n,F_m)$, where $F_m$ is the disjoint union of $m$ paths containing at most one odd path. They also determined the exact value of $ex(n,P_3\cup P_{2\ell+1})$ for $n\geq 2\ell+4$. Recently, Bielak and Kieliszek [The Turán number of the graph $2P_5$, Discuss. Math. Graph Theory 36(2016) 683--694], Yuan and Zhang [Turán numbers for disjoint paths, arXiv: 1611.00981v1] independently determined the exact value of $ex(n,2P_5)$. In this paper, we show that $ex(n,2P_{7})=\max\{[n,14,7],5n-14\}$ for all $n \ge 14$, where $[n,14,7]=(5n+91+r(r-6))/2$, $n-13\equiv r\,(\text{mod }6)$ and $0\leq r< 6$.
description: 9 pages
Particle rejuvenation of Rao-Blackwellized Sequential Monte Carlo smoothers for Conditionally Linear and Gaussian models
Creators: name: Nguyen, Ngoc Minh
name: Corff, Sylvain Le
name: Moulines, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper focuses on Sequential Monte Carlo approximations of smoothing distributions in conditionally linear and Gaussian state spaces. To reduce Monte Carlo variance of smoothers, it is typical in these models to use Rao-Blackwellization: particle approximation is used to sample sequences of hidden regimes while the Gaussian states are explicitly integrated conditional on the sequence of regimes and observations, using variants of the Kalman filter / smoother. The first successful attempt to use Rao-Blackwellization for smoothing extends the Bryson-Frazier smoother for Gaussian linear state space models using the generalized two-filter formula together with Kalman filters / smoothers. More recently, a forward backward decomposition of smoothing distributions mimicking the Rauch-Tung-Striebel smoother for the regimes combined with backward Kalman updates has been introduced. This paper investigates the benefit of introducing additional rejuvenation steps in all these algorithms to sample at each time instant new regimes conditional on the forward and backward particles. This defines particle based approximations of the smoothing distributions whose support is not restricted to the set of particles sampled in the forward or backward filter. These procedures are applied to commodity markets which are described using a two factor model based on the spot price and a convenience yield for crude oil data.
An antisymmetric plasmon resonance in coupled gold nanoparticles as a sensitive tool for detection of local index of refraction
Creators: name: Grigorenko, A. N.
name: Gleeson, H. F.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Roberts, N. W.
name: Sidorov, A. R.
name: Panteleev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nanofabricated regular array of coupled gold nano-pillars is employed to detect local indices of refraction of different liquids using a shift of an antisymmetric plasmon resonance peak observed in the reflection spectra. The peak spectral position is found to be a unique function of the local refractive index for a wide range of indices. We discuss possible applications of the fabricated nanostructured arrays in bio and chemical sensors.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Global solvability of the initial boundary value problem for a model system of one-dimensional equations of polytropic flows of viscous compressible fluid mixtures
Creators: name: Prokudin, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 76N10

description: We consider the initial boundary value problem for a model system of one-dimensional equations which describe unsteady polytropic motions of a mixture of viscous compressible fluids. We prove the global existence and uniqueness theorem for the strong solution without restrictions on the structure of the viscosity matrix except standard properties of symmetry and positiveness.
description: 10 pages
DEP Bulletin:Volume 33 Issue 14
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2009

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
Monash University’s Content Migration: A case study
Creators: name: Harrison, Andrew
name: Hardeman, Megan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This is a case study based on Monash University's experience migrating content, including their theses, into their instance of Figshare.
For more information on Monash University’s content migration, including the coding required to migrate the content and work done in-house versus commissioned by the university, please reach out to Andrew: andrew.harrison@monash.edu.
MIGRANT WELFARE TACTICS AND TRANSNATIONAL SOCIAL PROTECTION BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND THE UK
Creators: name: Machado, Bruno
name: McGarrigle, Jennifer
name: Fonseca, Maria Lucinda
name: Esteves, Alina
Publisher: name: Finisterra
Year: 2019

description: Migration and the sustainability of the welfare state are irrefutably two essential topics in the political debate throughout Europe. Not only has the dominant pattern within the political discourse been focused on the generosity of benefits attracting migrants as, until recently, researchers tended to concentrate on the supposed “weight” of migration on destination countries. This view contrasts with new perspectives that highlight not only the levels of unawareness regarding benefits or social services in the destination countries as well as transnational practices involving a myriad of formal and informal providers across borders. Drawing on qualitative data gathered through 52 interviews conducted with British migrants in Portugal, Portuguese migrants in the UK and returned migrants from the UK to Portugal, we explore migrants’ perspectives, lived experiences and strategies focusing on social protection – particularly pensions and unemployment benefits – and public services – namely education and health. We argue that, notwithstanding EU’s regulations regarding social rights, there is a chasm between de jure and de facto social policies, which lead to complex and often creative social protection strategies by migrants. Local social capital and the process of learning how to use the welfare system are key aspects in gaining access to welfare in the destination. Moreover, we demonstrate how transnational practices are a key tactic to overcome pitfalls of formal services, by balancing the two social protection systems with strategies developed in-between places. The results point to an element of happenstance deeply impacting on these individuals’ strategies and trajectories.
description: Finisterra, vol. 54 n.º 112 (2019)
VLBI imaging of the gravitational lens MGJ0414+0534
Creators: name: Ros, E.
name: Guirado, J. C.
name: Marcaide, J. M.
name: Perez-Torres, M. A.
name: Falco, E. E.
name: Munoz, J. A.
name: Alberdi, A.
name: Lara, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the quadruple gravitationally lensed image of MGJ0414+0534 on 23 November 1997 with a global VLBI array at 8.4 GHz. We report wide-field imaging results of its four components at submilliarcsecond resolution, displaying complex core-like and jet-like extended structures. A simple model combining a singular isothermal ellipsoid to represent the main lens galaxy, external shear, and a singular isothermal sphere to represent an additional, nearby object accounts well for the core positions and flux densities of the VLBI images. This model predicts delays between the different lensed images of several weeks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics