cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Implementing Hilltop F-term Hybrid Inflation in Supergravity
Creators: name: Armillis, R.
name: Pallis, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: F-term hybrid inflation (FHI) of the hilltop type can generate a scalar spectral index, ns, in agreement with the fitting of the seven-year Wilkinson microwave anisotropy probe data by the standard power-law cosmological model with cold dark matter and a cosmological constant, LambdaCDM. We investigate the realization of this type of FHI by using quasi-canonical Kahler potentials with or without the inclusion of extra hidden-sector fields. In the first case, acceptable results can be obtained by constraining the coefficients of the quadratic and/or quartic supergravity correction to the inflationary potential and therefore a mild tuning of the relevant term of the Kahler potential is unavoidable. Possible reduction of ns without generating maxima and minima of the potential on the inflationary path is also possible in a limited region of the available parameter space. The tuning of the terms of the Kahler potential can be avoided with the adoption of a simple class of string-inspired Kahler potentials for the hidden-sector fields which ensures a resolution to the eta problem of FHI and allows acceptable values for the spectral index, constraining the coefficient of the quartic supergravity correction to the inflationary potential. Performing a four-point test of the analyzed models, we single out the most promising of these.
description: Final version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:0902.0334, arXiv:0710.3074
Composite spheres made of bioengineered spider silk and iron oxide nanoparticles for theranostics applications
Creators: name: Kucharczyk, Kamil
name: Rybka, Jakub Dalibor
name: Hilgendorff, Michael
name: Krupinski, Michal
name: Slachcinski, Mariusz
name: Mackiewicz, Andrzej
name: Giersig, Michael
name: Dams-Kozlowska, Hanna
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: spider silk
subject: iron oxide
subject: bioengineering
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::572 Biochemie

description: Bioengineered spider silk is a biomaterial that has exquisite mechanical properties, biocompatibility, and biodegradability. Iron oxide nanoparticles can be applied for the detection and analysis of biomolecules, target drug delivery, as MRI contrast agents and as therapeutic agents for hyperthermia-based cancer treatments. In this study, we investigated three bioengineered silks, MS1, MS2 and EMS2, and their potential to form a composite material with magnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs). The presence of IONPs did not impede the self-assembly properties of MS1, MS2, and EMS2 silks, and spheres formed. The EMS2 spheres had the highest content of IONPs, and the presence of magnetite IONPs in these carriers was confirmed by several methods such as SEM, EDXS, SQUID, MIP-OES and zeta potential measurement. The interaction of EMS2 and IONPs did not modify the superparamagnetic properties of the IONPs, but it influenced the secondary structure of the spheres. The composite particles exhibited a more than two-fold higher loading efficiency for doxorubicin than the plain EMS2 spheres. For both the EMS2 and EMS2/IONP spheres, the drug revealed a pH-dependent release profile with advantageous kinetics for carriers made of the composite material. The composite spheres can be potentially applied for a combined cancer treatment via hyperthermia and drug delivery.
Mimicking interacting relativistic theories with stationary pulses of light
Creators: name: Angelakis, Dimitris G.
name: Huo, MingXia
name: Chang, Darrick
name: Kwek, Leong Chuan
name: Korepin, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the most well known relativistic field theory models is the Thirring model (TM). Its realization can demonstrate the famous prediction for the renormalization of mass due to interactions. However, experimental verification of the latter requires complex accelerator experiments whereas analytical solutions of the model can be extremely cumbersome to obtain. In this work, following Feynman's original proposal, we propose a alternative quantum system as a simulator of the TM dynamics. Here the relativistic particles are mimicked, counter-intuitively, by polarized photons in a quantum nonlinear medium. We show that the entire set of regimes of the Thirring model -- bosonic or fermionic, and massless or massive -- can be faithfully reproduced using coherent light trapping techniques. The sought after correlations' scalings can be extracted by simple probing of the coherence functions of the light using standard optical techniques.
description: 6 pages with 3 figures
Spin-Transfer and Exchange Torques in Ferromagnetic Superconductors
Creators: name: Linder, Jacob
name: Brataas, Arne
name: Shomali, Zahra
name: Zareyan, Malek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider how superconducting correlations influence spin-transfer torques in ferromagnetic superconductors. It is demonstrated that there is a novel torque arising from particle-hole interference that depends on the U(1) phase associated with the superconducting order parameter. We also show that there is an equilibrium exchange torque between two ferromagnetic superconductors in contact via a normal metal mediated by Andreev states. The latter equilibrium magnetic torque is also sensitive to spin-resolved phase differences in the superconducting order parameters as well as to an externally applied phase difference.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in PRL
El derecho a la literatura (mundial y traducida). Sobre el sueño translatológico de la UNESCO
Creators: name: Klengel, Susanne
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: literatura
subject: derecho
subject: sueño translatológico
subject: 800 Literatur::860 Spanische, portugiesische Literaturen::860 Spanische, portugiesische Literaturen

description: Con cierto orgullo, en un catálogo de la colección “Obras representativas” publicado al comienzo del nuevo milenio, la UNESCO dio a conocer un balance impresionante: una lista de más de 1300 obras literarias que provienen de más de 80 países diferentes y de cerca de 100 lenguas originales. Desde el año 1948 y gracias a los programas de cooperación e intercambio cultural, se traducen bajo los auspicios de la UNESCO obras de la literatura mundial que se publican generalmente en colaboración con editoriales del mundo entero. El catálogo de octubre del 2000 no solamente ilustra el resultado notable de uno de los proyectos de traducción literaria más amplios y ambiciosos sino que permite también, mirando más de cerca los títulos y las fechas de publicación, formarse una idea sobre el concepto universalista, la historia y la extensión de la empresa que se propone divulgar “works of literary and cultural importance that are nevertheless not very well known outside their original national boundaries or linguistic communities” (Collection UNESCO... 2000: 13).
Realizations of kinetic differential equations
Creators: name: Craciun, Gheorghe
name: Johnston, Matthew D.
name: Szederkényi, Gábor
name: Tonello, Elisa
name: Tóth, János
name: Yu, Polly Y.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: kinetic equations
subject: reversibility
subject: weak reversibility
subject: mass action kinetics
subject: reaction networks
subject: realizations
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: The induced kinetic differential equations of a reaction network endowed with mass action type kinetics is a system of polynomial differential equations. The problem studied here is: Given a system of polynomial differential equations, is it possible to find a network which induces these equations; in other words: is it possible to find a kinetic realization of this system of differential equations? If yes, can we find a network with some chemically relevant properties (implying also important dynamic consequences), such as reversibility, weak reversibility, zero deficiency, detailed balancing, complex balancing, mass conservation, etc.? The constructive answers presented to a series of questions of the above type are useful when fitting differential equations to datasets, or when trying to find out the dynamic behavior of the solutions of differential equations. It turns out that some of these results can be applied when trying to solve seemingly unrelated mathematical problems, like the existence of positive solutions to algebraic equations.
Strange quark contributions to nucleon mass and spin from lattice QCD
Creators: name: Engelhardt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contributions of strange quarks to the mass and spin of the nucleon, characterized by the observables f_Ts and Delta s, respectively, are investigated within lattice QCD. The calculation employs a 2+1-flavor mixed-action lattice scheme, thus treating the strange quark degrees of freedom in dynamical fashion. Numerical results are obtained at three pion masses, m_pi = 495 MeV, 356 MeV, and 293 MeV, renormalized, and chirally extrapolated to the physical pion mass. The value extracted for Delta s at the physical pion mass in the MSbar scheme at a scale of 2 GeV is Delta s = -0.031(17), whereas the strange quark contribution to the nucleon mass amounts to f_Ts =0.046(11). In the employed mixed-action scheme, the nucleon valence quarks as well as the strange quarks entering the nucleon matrix elements which determine f_Ts and Delta s are realized as domain wall fermions, propagators of which are evaluated in MILC 2+1-flavor dynamical asqtad quark ensembles. The use of domain wall fermions leads to mild renormalization behavior which proves especially advantageous in the extraction of f_Ts.
description: 29 pages, 5 figures; version accepted by journal. Minute reformulations, typos fixed
In vivo Neutralization of Pro-inflammatory Cytokines During Secondary Streptococcus pneumoniae Infection Post Influenza A Virus Infection
Creators: name: Sharma-Chawla, Niharika
name: Stegemann-Koniszewski, Sabine
name: Christen, Henrike
name: Boehme, Julia D.
name: Kershaw, Olivia
name: Schreiber, Jens
name: Guzmán, Carlos A.
name: Bruder, Dunja
name: Hernandez-Vargas, Esteban A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: co-infection
subject: mathematical modeling
subject: IFN-γ neutralization
subject: IL-6 neutralization
subject: Influenza Virus
subject: Streptococcus pneumoniae
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten

description: An overt pro-inflammatory immune response is a key factor contributing to lethal pneumococcal infection in an influenza pre-infected host and represents a potential target for therapeutic intervention. However, there is a paucity of knowledge about the level of contribution of individual cytokines. Based on the predictions of our previous mathematical modeling approach, the potential benefit of IFN-γ- and/or IL-6-specific antibody-mediated cytokine neutralization was explored in C57BL/6 mice infected with the influenza A/PR/8/34 strain, which were subsequently infected with the Streptococcus pneumoniae strain TIGR4 on day 7 post influenza. While single IL-6 neutralization had no effect on respiratory bacterial clearance, single IFN-γ neutralization enhanced local bacterial clearance in the lungs. Concomitant neutralization of IFN-γ and IL-6 significantly reduced the degree of pneumonia as well as bacteremia compared to the control group, indicating a positive effect for the host during secondary bacterial infection. The results of our model-driven experimental study reveal that the predicted therapeutic value of IFN-γ and IL-6 neutralization in secondary pneumococcal infection following influenza infection is tightly dependent on the experimental protocol while at the same time paving the way toward the development of effective immune therapies.
Successful Treatment of Pneumothorax in a Dog With Sterile Pleural Fibrosis Caused by Chylothorax
Creators: name: Rehbein, Sina
name: Manchi, George
name: Gruber, Achim D.
name: Kohn, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: chylothorax
subject: canine
subject: pleural fibrosis
subject: unexpandable lung
subject: pneumothorax ex vacuo
subject: NSAID
subject: meloxicam
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::616 Krankheiten
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::590 Tiere (Zoologie)::599 Mammalia (Säugetiere)

description: A 2-year-old, 12 kg, intact male crossbreed dog was presented with respiratory distress, exercise intolerance, and gagging. Plain thoracic radiographs revealed severe pleural effusion. Although bilateral needle thoracocentesis and chest tube placement were performed, no re-expansion of the lung lobes occurred. Pleural effusion was of chylous quality and led to lung entrapment. Computer tomography revealed a highly atrophic and atelectatic right middle lung lobe. The remaining lung lobes were only expanded to ~40%. Visceral pleura and pericardium showed a heterogeneous thickening consistent with pleural fibrosis. Partial pericardiectomy with resection of the middle lung lobe through a right lateral thoracotomy was performed. Ligation of the thoracic duct and ablation of the cisterna chyli was achieved through a single paracostal approach. Histopathology revealed chronic-active proliferative beginning granulomatous pleuritis, fibrotic pericarditis, and partial coagulative necrosis with incomplete granulomatous sequestration in the resected middle lung lobe. Chylothorax resolved after surgical intervention. Active pleural effusion resolved, and lung entrapment changed to trapped lung disease. The remaining lung lobes re-expanded to ~80% over the following 6 days. The dog was discharged 10 days later. Mild to moderate pleural effusion of non-chylic quality was present during the following 4 months. Meloxicam was administered for 4 months because of its anti-fibrotic and anti-inflammatory properties. Fifteen months later, thoracic radiographs revealed full radiologic expansion of the lungs with persistent mild pleural fibrosis. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case report of pneumothorax due pleural fibrosis caused by chylothorax in a dog with an excellent clinical outcome.
Reseñas - The first export era revisited: reassessing its contribution to Latin American Economies
Creators: name: Ribas-Miranda, José Augusto
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Latin America
subject: economy
subject: export
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::980 Geschichte Südamerikas::980 Geschichte Südamerikas

description: Sandra Kuntz-Ficker brings us a dashing book on an all-time controversial topic in the historiography of Latin American economic development: the role of the export sector in the economic development of Latin America in its first phase (1870-1929). The book starts with a comprehensive first chapter on the methodological approach of the authors and a last chapter with a synthesis of the dense research endeavour undertook by its eleven researchers. In between, seven chapters on major Latin American economies (Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Peru) presenting an in-depth research effort on the performance of the export sector in the first era of economic globalization.
Reactions of bromine fluoride dioxide, BrO2F, for the generation of the mixed‐valent bromine oxygen cations Br3O4+ and Br3O6+
Creators: name: Seppelt, Konrad
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: bromyl fluoride
subject: bromine oxygen compounds
subject: crystal structures
subject: mixed-valent compounds
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: A reliable synthesis of unstable and highly reactive BrO2F is reported. This compound can be converted into BrO2+SbF6−, BrO2+AsF6−, and BrO2+AsF6−⋅2 BrO2F. The latter decomposes into mixed‐valent Br3O4⋅Br2+AsF6− with five‐, three‐, one‐, and zero‐valent bromine. BrO2+ H(SO3CF3)2− is formed with HSO3CF3. Excess BrO2F yields mixed‐valent Br3O6+OSO3CF3− with five‐ and three‐valent bromine. Reactions of BrO2F and MoF5 in SO2ClF or CH2ClF result in Cl2BrO6+Mo3O3F13−. The reaction of BrO2F with (CF3CO)2O and NO2 produces O2Br‐O‐CO‐CF3 and the known NO2+Br(ONO2)2−. All of these compounds are thermodynamically unstable.
G. Lubich, Auf dem Weg zur 'Güldenen Freiheit'. Herrschaft und Raum in der Francia orientalis von der Karolinger- zur Stauferzeit, 1996
Creators: name: Bührer-Thierry, G.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 27 Nr. 1 (2000)
Chiroptical inversion of a planar chiral redox-switchable rotaxane
Creators: name: Gaedke, Marius
name: Witte, Felix
name: Anhäuser, Jana
name: Hupatz, Henrik
name: Schröder, Hendrik V.
name: Valkonen, Arto
name: Rissanen, Kari
name: Lützen, Arne
name: Paulus, Beate
name: Schalley, Christoph A.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: rotaxane
subject: chiroptical inversion
subject: redox-switchable
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::547 Organische Chemie

description: A tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)-containing crown ether macrocycle with Cs symmetry was designed to implement planar chirality into a redox-active [2]rotaxane. The directionality of the macrocycle atom sequence together with the non-symmetric axle renders the corresponding [2]rotaxane mechanically planar chiral. Enantiomeric separation of the [2]rotaxane was achieved by chiral HPLC. The electrochemical properties – caused by the reversible oxidation of the TTF – are similar to a non-chiral control. Reversible inversion of the main band in the ECD spectra for the individual enantiomers was observed after oxidation. Experimental evidence, conformational analysis and DFT calculations of the neutral and doubly oxidised species indicate that mainly electronic effects of the oxidation are responsible for the chiroptical switching. This is the first electrochemically switchable rotaxane with a reversible inversion of the main ECD band.
Enhancing pseudo-telepathy in the Magic Square game
Creators: name: Pawela, Łukasz
name: Gawron, Piotr
name: Puchała, Zbigniew
name: Sładkowski, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of reversing an action of a quantum channel. Our principal objective is to find a specific channel that reverses as accurately as possible an action of a given quantum channel. To achieve this goal we use semidefinite programming. We show the benefits of our method using the quantum pseudo-telepathy Magic Square game with noise. Our strategy is to move the pseudo-telepathy region to higher noise values. We show that it is possible to reverse the action of a noise channel using semidefinite programming.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
High fidelity, low burden experience prototypes to fit the complex, high-stakes systems of healthcare
Creators: name: Scully, J
name: Cacheaux, N
name: Chaudhary, P
name: Elfessi, Zane Z
name: Kurzynski, M
name: Erwin, K
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: No description supplied
Ur- und frühgeschichtliche Bodendenkmalpflege im Gebiet der ehemaligen Provinz Hannover
Creators: name: Claus, Martin
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 36 (1967): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Green radicals of potassium poly(heptazine imide) using light and benzylamine
Creators: name: Markushyna, Yevheniia
name: Lamagni, Paolo
name: Teutloff, Christian
name: Catalano, Jacopo
name: Lock, Nina
name: Zhang, Guigang
name: Antonietti, Markus
name: Savateev, Aleksandr
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: green radicals
subject: potassium poly(heptazine imide)
subject: benzylamine
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::541 Physikalische Chemie

description: Tinted long-lived ionic carbon nitride radicals were recently introduced and applied in photocatalysis and energy storage. However, the reason for their higher activity in the photocatalytic reaction and optimal conditions for generating such radicals remain vague. Herein, we study the conditions for carbon nitride photocharging to achieve a higher charge density and validate a convenient method to quantify the number of electrons accumulated in carbon nitride semiconductors by quenching its radicals with methylviologen in the dark. In the presence of CO2, potassium poly(heptazine imide) (K-PHI) can be charged by up to 1000 μmol of electrons per gram of the material using benzylamine as an electron donor. Under the same conditions, mesoporous graphitic carbon nitride can accumulate only 50 μmol of electrons per gram. The products of the benzylamine oxidative coupling are imine and ammonia.
COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses XI. Techniques for time delay measurement in presence of microlensing
Creators: name: Tewes, M.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Meylan, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measuring time delays between the multiple images of gravitationally lensed quasars is now recognized as a competitive way to constrain the cosmological parameters, and it is complementary with other cosmological probes. This requires long and well sampled optical light curves of numerous lensed quasars, such as those obtained by the COSMOGRAIL collaboration. High-quality data from our monitoring campaign call for novel numerical techniques to robustly measure the delays, as well as the associated random and systematic uncertainties, even in the presence of microlensing variations. We propose three different point estimators to measure time delays, which are explicitly designed to handle light curves with extrinsic variability. These methods share a common formalism, which enables them to process data from n-image lenses. Since the estimators rely on significantly contrasting ideas, we expect them to be sensitive to different bias sources. For each method and data set, we empirically estimate both the precision and accuracy (bias) of the time delay measurement using simulated light curves with known time delays that closely mimic the observations. Finally, we test the self-consistency of our approach, and we demonstrate that our bias estimation is serviceable. These new methods, including the empirical uncertainty estimator, will represent the standard benchmark for analyzing the COSMOGRAIL light curves.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, stylistic improvements only, published in A&A
A hierarchical latent response model for inferences about examinee engagement in terms of guessing and item‐level non‐response
Creators: name: Ulitzsch, Esther
name: Davier, Matthias Von
name: Pohl, Steffi
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: response times
subject: missing responses
subject: item response theory
subject: engagement
subject: guessing
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: In low‐stakes assessments, test performance has few or no consequences for examinees themselves, so that examinees may not be fully engaged when answering the items. Instead of engaging in solution behaviour, disengaged examinees might randomly guess or generate no response at all. When ignored, examinee disengagement poses a severe threat to the validity of results obtained from low‐stakes assessments. Statistical modelling approaches in educational measurement have been proposed that account for non‐response or for guessing, but do not consider both types of disengaged behaviour simultaneously. We bring together research on modelling examinee engagement and research on missing values and present a hierarchical latent response model for identifying and modelling the processes associated with examinee disengagement jointly with the processes associated with engaged responses. To that end, we employ a mixture model that identifies disengagement at the item‐by‐examinee level by assuming different data‐generating processes underlying item responses and omissions, respectively, as well as response times associated with engaged and disengaged behaviour. By modelling examinee engagement with a latent response framework, the model allows assessing how examinee engagement relates to ability and speed as well as to identify items that are likely to evoke disengaged test‐taking behaviour. An illustration of the model by means of an application to real data is presented.
Weitere Untersuchungen einer frühgeschichtlichen Siedlung von Unterstedt, Kr. Rotenburg/Wümme
Creators: name: Dehnke, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Year: 2019

description: Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte, Bd. 36 (1967): Nachrichten aus Niedersachsens Urgeschichte
Non-equilibrum dynamics in the strongly excited inhomogeneous Dicke model
Creators: name: Sträter, Christoph
name: Tsyplyatyev, Oleksandr
name: Faribault, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the exact eigenstates of the inhomogeneous Dicke model obtained by numerically solving the Bethe equations, we study the decay of bosonic excitations due to the coupling of the mode to an ensemble of two-level (spin 1/2) systems. We compare the quantum time-evolution of the bosonic mode population with the mean field description which, for a few bosons agree up to a relatively long Ehrenfest time. We demonstrate that additional excitations lead to a dramatic shortening of the period of validity of the mean field analysis. However, even in the limit where the number of bosons equal the number of spins, the initial instability remains adequately described by the mean-field approach leading to a finite, albeit short, Ehrenfest time. Through finite size analysis, we also present indications that the mean field approach could still provide an adequate description for thermodynamically large systems even at long times. However, for mesoscopic systems one cannot expect it to capture the behavior beyond the initial decay stage in the limit of an extremely large number of excitations.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. B in press
Testing contrast agents to improve micro computerized tomography (μCT) for spatial location of organic matter and biological material in soil
Creators: name: Lammel, Daniel R.
name: Arlt, Tobias
name: Manke, Ingo
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: μCT microcomputed tomography
subject: soil organic mater
subject: soil biology
subject: contrast agent
subject: synchrotron
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::577 Ökologie

description: Soil carbon is essential for soil and ecosystem functioning. Its turnover and storage in soil are multifaceted processes that involve microbial activity in complex physical matrices. Biological litter, which include plants, animals, and microorganisms, is decomposed in soil stimulating soil biota (archaea, bacteria, fungi, protists, and animals) activity and yielding soil organic matter (SOM). Such decomposition processes are influenced by local physico-chemical characteristics including the spatial distribution of aggregates and pores. More refined analytical tools are needed to better understand these processes, especially considering the spatial 3D structure of soil matrices. Using synchrotron radiation (X-ray) micro computerized tomography (SR-μCT), we tested different contrast agents (staining methods) based on silver (Ag), eosin (Br based), and liquid and gaseous iodine (I) in order to spatially image biological material and SOM in soil samples. We also performed K-edge SR-μCT for the Ag and I2 treatments and conventional μCT for additional soil samples applying the I2 treatment. Our results indicated that I2 was the most efficient contrast method for SR-μCT imaging of soil samples. I2 qualitatively improved the images, but mainly, by using the K-edge SR-μCT, this method provided a powerful tool to determine the spatial location of SOM. We acknowledge that the use of SR-μCT is an expensive technique to study soil samples, which comes with bottlenecks in terms of access to facilities and measurement time. Nevertheless, we show that the I2 treatment improved soil images also using standard μCT. In conventional μCT the I2 treatment improved the visualization of biological material and consequently improved the qualitative analysis of fine plants roots and micro-fauna (Collembola). This improvement may have a positive implication in soil biology, by improving a non-destructive method to detect fungi (SR-μCT), soil fauna (conventional μCT) and roots in undisturbed soil samples. An unexpected finding was that the I2 treatment also stained the plastic sample containers (nylon and polyimide), indicating the potential for the I2 staining procedure to be applied for the detection of plastic pollution in soil samples.
A multiwavelength emission detector for analytical ultracentrifugation
Creators: name: Wawra, Simon E.
name: Onishchukov, Georgy
name: Maranska, Maria
name: Eigler, Siegfried
name: Walter, Johannes
name: Peukert, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: emission detector
subject: analytical ultracentrifugation
subject: MWE-AUC
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: In this study, a new detector for multiwavelength emission analytical ultracentrifugation (MWE-AUC) is presented, which allows measuring size- or composition-dependent fluorescence properties of nanoparticle ensembles. Validation of the new setup is carried out via comparison to a benchtop photoluminescence spectrometer and the established extinction-based multiwavelength analytical ultracentrifuge (MWL-AUC). The results on fluorescent proteins and silica particles demonstrate that the new device not only correctly reproduces sedimentation and diffusion coefficients of the particles but provides also meaningful fluorescence spectra. As an application example for a sample exhibiting a broad particle size distribution, spectra and size of graphene oxide nanoplatelets are extracted simultaneously. Narrowly distributed CdSe/ZnS quantum dots showing size- and structure-dependent shifts of their fluorescence spectra are analyzed as well. The combination of MWE- and MWL-AUC provides a comprehensive framework for the optical characterization for nanoparticles and macromolecules in terms of their extinction and emission properties.
Breathing chromium spinels: a showcase for a variety of pyrochlore Heisenberg Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Ghosh, Pratyay
name: Iqbal, Yasir
name: Müller, Tobias
name: Ponnaganti, Ravi T.
name: Thomale, Ronny
name: Narayanan, Rajesh
name: Reuther, Johannes
name: Gingras, Michel J. P.
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: magnetic properties
subject: magnetic materials
subject: quantum fluids
subject: quantum solids
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We address the long-standing problem of the microscopic origin of the richly diverse phenomena in the chromium breathing pyrochlore material family. Combining electronic structure and renormalization group techniques we resolve the magnetic interactions and analyze their reciprocal-space susceptibility. We show that the physics of these materials is principally governed by long-range Heisenberg Hamiltonian interactions, a hitherto unappreciated fact. Our calculations uncover that in these isostructural compounds, the choice of chalcogen triggers a proximity of the materials to classical spin liquids featuring degenerate manifolds of wave-vectors of different dimensions: A Coulomb phase with three-dimensional degeneracy for LiInCr4O8 and LiGaCr4O8, a spiral spin liquid with two-dimensional degeneracy for CuInCr4Se8 and one-dimensional line degeneracies characteristic of the face-centered cubic antiferromagnet for LiInCr4S8, LiGaCr4S8, and CuInCr4S8. The surprisingly complex array of prototypical pyrochlore behaviors we discovered in chromium spinels may inspire studies of transition paths between different semi-classical spin liquids by doping or pressure.
Generating and sustaining long-lived spin states in 15N,15N′-azobenzene
Creators: name: Sheberstov, Kirill F.
name: Vieth, Hans-Martin
name: Zimmermann, Herbert
name: Rodin, Bogdan A.
name: Ivanov, Konstantin L.
name: Kiryutin, Alexey S.
name: Yurkovskaya, Alexandra V.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: chemical physics
subject: chemistry
subject: spin states
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Long-Lived spin States (LLSs) hold a great promise for sustaining non-thermal spin order and investigating various slow processes by Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Of special interest for such application are molecules containing nearly equivalent magnetic nuclei, which possess LLSs even at high magnetic fields. In this work, we report an LLS in trans-15N,15N′-azobenzene. The singlet state of the 15N spin pair exhibits a long-lived character. We solve the challenging problem of generating and detecting this LLS and further increase the LLS population by converting the much higher magnetization of protons into the 15N singlet spin order. As far as the longevity of this spin order is concerned, various schemes have been tested for sustaining the LLS. Lifetimes of 17 minutes have been achieved at 16.4 T, a value about 250 times longer than the longitudinal relaxation time of 15N in this magnetic field. We believe that such extended relaxation times, along with the photochromic properties of azobenzene, which changes conformation upon light irradiation and can be hyperpolarized by using parahydrogen, are promising for designing new experiments with photo-switchable long-lived hyperpolarization.
From the ashes, a fertile opportunity for historicism – Review Symposium on Leys’s The ascent of affect
Creators: name: Boddice, Rob
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: genealogy
subject: historicism
subject: review
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::900 Geschichte::900 Geschichte und Geografie

description: Ruth Leys’s book is a thorough survey of the unmanaged forest and scrubland of emotion research: a hodgepodge of paradigmatic ideas that amounts to so much kindling. To most of this, Leys holds a match and allows us to stand in awe at the conflagration. In an ideal world, the psychologists would be watching too. Emotion research in psychological bowers is the heir to an epistemological inertia born of force of personality. Leys’s book is a genealogy of ideas, yes, but it is also, and principally, a genealogy of academic clientelism, and of men (mostly) whose convictions, assumptions, arrogance, politics, and outright scientism have permitted, imposed, and policed two generations of faulty thinking. The jig is up.
Uncertainty Relations and Indistinguishable Particles
Creators: name: Hasse, Cael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for fermion states, measurements of any two finite outcome particle quantum numbers (e.g.\ spin) are not constrained by a minimum total uncertainty. We begin by defining uncertainties in terms of the outputs of a measurement apparatus. This allows us to compare uncertainties between multi-particle states of distinguishable and indistinguishable particles. Entropic uncertainty relations are derived for both distinguishable and indistinguishable particles. We then derive upper bounds on the minimum total uncertainty for bosons and fermions. These upper bounds apply to any pair of particle quantum numbers and depend only on the number of particles N and the number of outcomes n for the quantum numbers. For general N, these upper bounds necessitate a minimum total uncertainty much lower than that for distinguishable particles. The fermion upper bound on the minimum total uncertainty for N an integer multiple of n, is zero. Our results show that uncertainty limits derived for single particle observables are valid only for particles that can be effectively distinguished. Outside this range of validity, the apparent fundamental uncertainty limits can be overcome.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Minor changes made to the legend of Fig. 1 and typos corrected. Matches published version
Gerbert l'Européen. Actes du colloque d'Aurillac 4–7 juin 1996, rassemblés par N. Charbonnel et J.-E. Iung, 1997c
Creators: name: Hartmann, M.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 1 (1999)
H. Müller, Päpstliche Delegationsgerichtsbarkeit in der Normandie (12. und frühes 13. Jahrhundert). Teil 1: Untersuchung; Teil 2: Regesten und Edition, 1997
Creators: name: Uruszczak, W.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 1 (1999)
COSMOGRAIL: the COSmological MOnitoring of GRAvItational Lenses XIII: Time delays and 9-yr optical monitoring of the lensed quasar RX J1131-1231
Creators: name: Tewes, M.
name: Courbin, F.
name: Meylan, G.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Eulaers, E.
name: Cantale, N.
name: Mosquera, A. M.
name: Magain, P.
name: Van Winckel, H.
name: Sluse, D.
name: Cataldi, G.
name: Voros, D.
name: Dye, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results from nine years of optically monitoring the gravitationally lensed z=0.658 quasar RX J1131-1231. The R-band light curves of the four individual images of the quasar were obtained using deconvolution photometry for a total of 707 epochs. Several sharp quasar variability features strongly constrain the time delays between the quasar images. Using three different numerical techniques, we measure these delays for all possible pairs of quasar images while always processing the four light curves simultaneously. For all three methods, the delays between the three close images A, B, and C are compatible with being 0, while we measure the delay of image D to be 91 days, with a fractional uncertainty of 1.5% (1 sigma), including systematic errors. Our analysis of random and systematic errors accounts in a realistic way for the observed quasar variability, fluctuating microlensing magnification over a broad range of temporal scales, noise properties, and seasonal gaps. Finally, we find that our time-delay measurement methods yield compatible results when applied to subsets of the data.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, minor additions to the text only, techniques and results remain unchanged, A&A in press
O COSTUME CONSTITUCIONAL
Creators: name: Santana, José Cláudio Pavão
Publisher: name: Zenodo - Cadernos da Pena do Pavao
Year: 2023

description: Ano 07 – n. 14/2019
A polêmica criada pelo atual Presidente da República com a escolha de um Procurador Geral da República que não integrou a lista tríplice escolhida pela Associação do MP tem rendido de tudo um pouco.
A. Schindling, W. Ziegler (éd.), Die Territorien des Reichs im Zeitalter der Reformation und Konfessionalisierung. Land und Konfession 1500–1650, t. VI: 1996, t. VII: 1997
Creators: name: Quantin, J.-L.
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 26 Nr. 2 (1999)
The Steiner Formula for Minkowski Valuations
Creators: name: Parapatits, Lukas
name: Schuster, Franz E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B45, 52A40

description: A Steiner type formula for continuous translation invariant Minkowski valuations is established. In combination with a recent result on the symmetry of rigid motion invariant homogeneous bivaluations, this new Steiner type formula is used to obtain a family of Brunn-Minkowski type inequalities for rigid motion intertwining Minkowski valuations.
Renormalization Group Improved Bottom Mass from Upsilon Sum Rules at NNLL Order
Creators: name: Hoang, Andre
name: Ruiz-Femenia, Pedro
name: Stahlhofen, Maximilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the bottom quark mass from non-relativistic large-n Upsilon sum rules with renormalization group improvement at next-to-next-to-leading logarithmic order. We compute the theoretical moments within the vNRQCD formalism and account for the summation of powers of the Coulomb singularities as well as of logarithmic terms proportional to powers of alpha_s ln(n). The renormalization group improvement leads to a substantial stabilization of the theoretical moments compared to previous fixed-order analyses, which did not account for the systematic treatment of the logarithmic alpha_s ln(n) terms, and allows for reliable single moment fits. For the current world average of the strong coupling (alpha_s(M_Z) = 0.1183 +- 0.0010) we obtain M_b^{1S}=4.755 +- 0.057(pert) +- 0.009(alpha_s) +- 0.003(exp) GeV for the bottom 1S mass and m_b(m_b)= 4.235 +- 0.055(pert) +- 0.003(exp) GeV for the bottom MSbar mass, where we have quoted the perturbative error and the uncertainties from the strong coupling and the experimental data.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures; typos corrected, matches published version
Electronic transport and quantum localization effects in organic semiconductors
Creators: name: Ciuchi, S.
name: Fratini, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the charge transport mechanism in organic semiconductors based on a model that accounts for the thermal intermolecular disorder at work in pure crystalline compounds, as well as extrinsic sources of disorder that are present in current experimental devices. Starting from the Kubo formula, we develop a theoretical framework that relates the time-dependent quantum dynamics of electrons to the frequency-dependent conductivity. The electron mobility is then calculated through a relaxation time approximation that accounts for quantum localization corrections beyond Boltzmann theory, and allows us to efficiently address the interplay between highly conducting states in the band range and localized states induced by disorder in the band tails. The emergence of a "transient localization" phenomenon is shown to be a general feature of organic semiconductors, that is compatible with the bandlike temperature dependence of the mobility observed in pure compounds. Carrier trapping by extrinsic disorder causes a crossover to a thermally activated behavior at low temperature, which is progressively suppressed upon increasing the carrier concentration, as is commonly observed in organic field-effect transistors. Our results establish a direct connection between the localization of the electronic states and their conductive properties, formalizing phenomenological considerations that are commonly used in the literature.
Bayesian data assimilation to support informed decision making in individualized chemotherapy
Creators: name: Maier, Corinna
name: Hartung, Niklas
name: Wiljes, Jana De
name: Kloft, Charlotte
name: Huisinga, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bayesian data assimilation
subject: informed decision making
subject: individualized chemotherapy
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: An essential component of therapeutic drug/biomarker monitoring (TDM) is to combine patient data with prior knowledge for model‐based predictions of therapy outcomes. Current Bayesian forecasting tools typically rely only on the most probable model parameters (maximum a posteriori (MAP) estimate). This MAP‐based approach, however, does neither necessarily predict the most probable outcome nor does it quantify the risks of treatment inefficacy or toxicity. Bayesian data assimilation (DA) methods overcome these limitations by providing a comprehensive uncertainty quantification. We compare DA methods with MAP‐based approaches and show how probabilistic statements about key markers related to chemotherapy‐induced neutropenia can be leveraged for more informative decision support in individualized chemotherapy. Sequential Bayesian DA proved to be most computationally efficient for handling interoccasion variability and integrating TDM data. For new digital monitoring devices enabling more frequent data collection, these features will be of critical importance to improve patient care decisions in various therapeutic areas.
»Nachkriegszeit in Südwürttemberg«. Réflexions personnelles d'un ancien Gouverneur du cercle du Gouvernement militaire français en Allemagne à propos de la publication du livre de Michaela Häffner
Creators: name: Merglen, Albert
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: Francia, Bd. 30 Nr. 3 (2003)
Understanding the entanglement entropy and spectra of 2D quantum systems through arrays of coupled 1D chains
Creators: name: James, A. J. A.
name: Konik, R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an algorithm for studying the entanglement entropy and spectrum of 2D systems, as a coupled array of $N$ one dimensional chains in their continuum limit. Using the algorithm to study the quantum Ising model in 2D, (both in its disordered phase and near criticality) we confirm the existence of an area law for the entanglement entropy and show that near criticality there is an additive piece scaling as $c_{eff}\log (N)/6$ with $c_{eff} \approx 1$. \textcolor{black}{Studying the entanglement spectrum, we show that entanglement gap scaling can be used to detect the critical point of the 2D model. When short range (area law) entanglement dominates we find (numerically and perturbatively) that this spectrum reflects the energy spectrum of a single quantum Ising chain.
description: 8 pages (4 + supplementary material). 10 figures