cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.02.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Additional file 4 of Understanding the post-2010 increase in food bank use in England: new quasi-experimental analysis of the role of welfare policy
Creators: name: Sosenko, Filip
name: Bramley, Glen
name: Bhattacharjee, Arnab
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Model Diagnostics.
Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Coprophanaeus
Coprophanaeus jasius

description: Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius (Olivier, 1789)
Scarabaeus jasius Olivier 1789: 109 (French Guiana - NEOTYPE)
Distribution. Guyana: Erichson 1848: 564 (as Phanaeus jasius); Olsoufieff 1924: 64 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius); Arnaud 2002c: 26; Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 48; Bicknell et al. 2014: table S1. Suriname: Arnaud 2002c: 26; Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 48; Larsen 2011: 98, 2013: 96; MHCN; NZCS; RMNH. French Guiana: Olivier 1789: 109 (as Scarabaeus jasius); Gillet 1911b: 83 (as Phanaeus jasius); Olsoufieff 1924: 64 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius); Blackwelder 1944: 209; Feer 2000: 32; Arnaud 2002a: 7 (designation NEOTYPE Scarabaeus jasius), 2002c: 26; Feer and Pincebourde 2005: 30; Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 48; Brûlé et al. 2011a: 193, 2014: 183; Brûlé and Dalens 2012a: annex 4: 18 (as Coprophaneus [sic] jasius); Boilly et al. 2016: 90. Brazil (NA): Gillet 1911b: 83 (as Phanaeus jasius); Olsoufieff 1924: 64 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius); Blackwelder 1944: 209; Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 192; Arnaud 2002c: 26; Quintero and Roslin 2005: appendix A (NA); Gardner et al. 2008: table S1 (NA); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 48 (NA); Ratcliffe 2013b: 494 (NA); Pacheco and Vaz-de-Mello 2015: 2 (NA). Venezuela (EO): Olsoufieff 1924: 64 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius); Arnaud 2002c: 26 (EO); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 48 (EO); Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 109 (EO). Other: Olivier 1789: 109 (Curaçao - as Scarabaeus jasius); Gillet 1911b: 83 (Curaçao - as Phanaeus jasius); Olsoufieff 1924: 64 (Bolivia, Colombia - as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) jasius); Blackwelder 1944: 209 (Argentina, Curaçao, Trinidad and Tobago); Blackwelder 1957: 1398 (Colombia); Medina et al. 2001: 140 (Colombia); Arnaud 2002c: 26 (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru); Noriega et al. 2007: 83 (Colombia).
Note 1. The inclusion of Curaçao in the distribution of Coprophanaeus jasius in Olivier (1789: 109) and subsequently in Gillet (1911b: 83) and Blackwelder (1944: 209) is likely based on a mislabeled or misidentified specimen, as is the mention of Trinidad and Tobago in Blackwelder (1944: 209). According to Edmonds and Zídek (2010: 48), this species is only found in mainland South America.
Note 2. The distributional data regarding Coprophanaeus jasius in Gillet (1911b: 84), Olsoufieff (1924: 65) and Blackwelder (1944: 209; 1957: 1398) are not reliable, because C. abas was treated as a synonym of C. jasius.
Note 3. Edmonds and Zídek (2010: 50) state that they did not see specimens of Coprophanaeus jasius from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Peru, but do not exclude the possibility that this species occurs in any or all of these countries.
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Involvement of macrophages in regulating Borrelia burgdorferi infection
Creators: name: Jouihan, Hani Abdelrahim
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Borrelia burgdorferi
Machrophages
Lyme disease - Immunological aspects

description: Numerous in vitro studies have suggested that macrophages actively phagocytize Borrelia burgdorferi, the agent of Lyme disease, however; their role in clearance of these bacteria from infected animals has not been established. We evaluated the role of macrophages in regulating the hematogenous dissemination of B. burgdorferi in mice. Splenic and liver macrophages were eliminated by intravenous delivery of liposome-entrapped dichloromethylene diphosphonate (L-C12MDP). Results indicated that macrophage depletion had no influence on the development of infection as determined by immunoglobulin production and arthritis severity. PCR detection of B. burgdorferi DNA indicated the presence of spirochetes in ears, ankles, and hearts of all infected mice, with no significant differences observed in B. burgdorferi numbers from macrophage depleted or control animals. PCR analysis of blood from B. burgdorferi infected mice suggests that macrophage depletion might promote an early blood-borne spreading of B. burgdorferi, as mice treated with L-C12MDP expressed a clear early dissemination 5 days postinfection and, to a lesser extent, at 10 days following infection. However, in other experiments equivalent levels of B. burgdorferi were detected in blood of infected mice at different time points, regardless of the treatment they had received. In summary, depletion of macrophages from the liver and spleen does not influence the progression of Lyme disease pathology nor the abundance of spirochetes in tissues. Resident macrophages might play an important role in controlling spirochete dissemination in early stages of disease; however B. burgdorferi in later stages are able to restore their ability to disseminate to targeted tissues, possibly by migration through tissues rather than dissemination by blood.
Synthesis, modification, and biological activity of propargylated methyl dihydroquinopimarates
Creators: name: Tret’yakova, Elena V.
name: Salimova, Elena V.
name: Parfenova, Lyudmila V.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The introduction of the alkynyl moiety to the abietane diterpenic core by modification of the cycle E of methyl dihydroquinopimarate is described. The arylpropargyl, aminopropargyl, and 1,2,3-triazole derivatives are synthesized via Sonogashira reaction, Mannich reaction and click-chemistry, correspondingly. The antitumor effect towards the NCI-60 cancer cell line panel and antimicrobial activity against key ESKAPE pathogens of the synthesized compounds were studied in vitro. The cytotoxicity and hemolytic activity of the abietane derivatives was tested using HEK293 human embryonic kidney cell line and the human red blood cells, correspondingly. The methyl dihydroquinopimarate propargyl analogs showed high antitumor activity against leukemia (CCRF-CEM; SR), non-small cell lung cancer (NCI-H522), melanoma (LOX IMVI; MALME-3M), ovarian cancer (IGROV1), and renal cancer (786-0; UO-31) cell lines. The Mannich’s diterpene bases with pyrrolidine and diethylamine fragments exhibited fungicidal activity towards Cr. neoformans (MIC= 16 μg/ml), while possessing low toxicity. The described modifications of the abietane diterpenoids have great potential for further development of new cytotoxic and fungicidal compounds.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.01.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Additional file 1 of Modularity of RBC hitchhiking with polymeric nanoparticles: testing the limits of non-covalent adsorption
Creators: name: Lenders, Vincent
name: Escudero, Remei
name: Koutsoumpou, Xanthippi
name: Armengol Álvarez, Laura
name: Rozenski, Jef
name: Soenen, Stefaan J.
name: Zhao, Zongmin
name: Mitragotri, Samir
name: Baatsen, Pieter
name: Allegaert, Karel
name: Toelen, Jaan
name: Manshian, Bella B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Additional experimental details, method on dexamethasone encapsulation quantification, exemplary DLS graphs of nanoformulations, data on hydrophobicity and zeta potential effect on NP adsorption onto mouse and rabbit RBCs and data on optimal initial drug content.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 15.01.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Effects of diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital on protein metabolism in the rat cerebral cortex
Creators: name: Jones, Gary Lee
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Proteins - Metabolism
Neurochemistry
Phenytoin
Phenbarbital
Rats as laboratory animals

description: The effects of the anticonvulsant drugs diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital on the in vivo incorporation of L-[4,5-3H]  leucine into trichloroacetic acid-precipitable rat cerebral cortical protein were investigated. Protein specific activities were corrected for differences in precursor leucine specific activities.   Incorporation was substantially depressed following the establishment of plasma concentrations of either drug which approximate therapeutic levels in humans.    Plasma diphenylhydantoin levels of about 10 /µ/ml were associated with a 41% depression when radioisotope incorporation was conducted for 5 min; phenobarbital concentrations of approximately 28 µg/ml resulted in a 42% depression following incorporation for the same period,   A threefold increase in the diphenylhydantoin plasma levels and a six-fold increase in the phenobarbital levels were found to invoke little, if any, additional effect.   The induction period for the diphenylhydantoin effect was short (less than Ih), whereas a relative latency was associated with the phenobarbital effect.   Simultaneous alterations in cortex and plasma concentrations of several amino acids were detected, but there appeared to be no correlation between these changes and the extent of depression of leucine incorporation.   Dose-related increases in cortex leucine, isoleucine and valine levels occurred following treatment with either drug.   Cortex glycine concentrations were elevated only in response to the largest doses administered.   Whereas plasma leucine, isoleucine and valine levels were also elevated, no change in plasma glycine concentrations were noted following any dose of either drug.   The results indicate that diphenylhydantoin and phenobarbital inhibit the in vivo incorporation of radioactive leucine in the rat cortex when plasma drug levels have been attained that are therapeutically rational in the human; and substantial inhibitions would probably occur following much lower doses in the rat.   The relationship of the altered amino acid levels to the effects on protein metabolism remains uncertain.
Additional file 1 of Development of the Cooperative Adoption Factors Instrument to measure factors associated with instructional practice in the context of institutional change
Creators: name: McAlpin, Jacob D.
name: Ziker, John P.
name: Skvoretz, John
name: Couch, Brian A.
name: Earl, Brittnee
name: Feola, Stephanie
name: Lane, A. Kelly
name: Mertens, Karl
name: Prevost, Luanna B.
name: Shadle, Susan E.
name: Stains, Marilyne
name: Lewis, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. The text of the Cooperative Adoption Factors Instrument as seen by respondents.
Benzo(A)Pyrene and Benzo(A)Pyrene-Induced Protein Adducts in Hair as Biomarkers of Toxic Benzo(A)Pyrene Exposures
Creators: name: Campbell, Sarah Colleen
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biochemical markers
Tobacco - Toxicology

description: Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable death in the United States. While there are more than 4,000 chemicals found in tobacco smoke, the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been clearly demonstrated to contribute to smoking-related cancers. Of this group of compounds, benzo(a)pyrene (B(a)P) is concidered to be the most carcinogenic and its ability to cause lung tumors is well documented. Many conventional biomarker assays conducted today use the measurement of nicotine (and its metabolite cotinine) in blood, urine, or oral fluids for assessment of tobacco smoke exposure. However, these conventional assays do not measure exposure to carcinogenic compounds and are sensitive only to recent smoke exposures. Due to the ease of hair sampling and its extended detection window of substances incorporated into its matrix, this dissertational research proposes a promising new tool for the assessment of toxic tobacco smoke exposure. We investigated the disposition of B(a)P and its electrophilic reactive metabolite, trans-7,8-dihydroxy-anti-9,10-epoxy-7,8,9,10-tetrahydro-benzo(a)pyrene (BPDE), in rat and human hair. BPDE is one of the most potent mutagens and carcinogens known, and forms protein and DNA adducts in iv multiple tissues. Our overarching hypothesis was that B(a)P and BPDE-protein adducts in hair can be used as biomarkers of toxic B(a)P exposure. The data presented in this dissertation demonstrate that B(a)P and BPDE-protein adducts are incorporated into rat hair in a dose-dependent manner. While B(a)P incorporation into rat hair is not dependent upon pigment content, BPDE-protein adducts concentrations are significantly greater in pigmented vs. nonpigmented hair. Gross histopathological changes in rat lung tissue, such as alveolar wall thickening, decreased air space, and macrophage hyperplasia were visually evident in rats 14 days after B(a)P administration. Immunohistochemistry staining for myeloperoxide content (a marker for neutrophils) in the lung tissue of B(a)P-dosed rats was also significantly greater than vehicle control rats. B(a)P can be detected in human hair, but BPDE-protein adducts could not be detected, despite evidence of active smoking status via plasma cotinine concentrations. The results of this dissertational research demonstrate that hair may serve as an easily accessible surrogate tissue for the detection of a biomarker of toxic tobacco smoke exposure.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 04.01.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22697.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.01.1968, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
title: Vom öffentlichen Büchersaal zur Landes- und Stadtbibliothek (1770-1904)
title: Eine Festschrift zum 250-jährigen Bestehen der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Liewert, Anne
Publisher: name: HHU Books
Year: 2020

description: Das Doppeljubiläum der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf (250 Jahre Landesbibliothek – 50 Jahre Universitätsbibliothek) lädt dazu ein, den Blick auf ihre bisherige und zukünftige Entwicklung zu richten. Diese Festschrift beleuchtet die Geschichte ihrer frühesten Vorgängereinrichtung, die 1770 begründet wurde und im 19. Jahrhundert den Namen »Königliche Landesbibliothek« erhielt. Über mehrere Änderungen der Herrschaftsverhältnisse und über die Besatzungszeit während der Koalitionskriege hinweg wurde sie erhalten und durch die Auflösung der regionalen Klöster und Stifte in der Zeit der Säkularisation erheblich vermehrt. Trotz dieses umfangreichen Bestands, der auch zahlreiche kostbare Handschriften enthielt und sich über alle Wissensbereiche erstreckte, und trotz einer großen Nutzerschaft aus den örtlichen Akademien und Schulen sowie dem Adel und Beamtentum rangen die Leiter der Bibliothek weitgehend vergeblich um eine feste Verortung und eine angemessene Ausstattung. Diese konnten erst im Jahr 1904 durch die Übernahme in kommunale Trägerschaft erreicht werden, unter der die Einrichtung als Landes- und Stadtbibliothek fortgeführt wurde.
Factors related to sexual satisfaction in pregnancy: implications for nurses and other health care providers.
Creators: name: Butler, Donna Mariella
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Psychological
Physician Attitude

description: Factors related to sexual satisfaction of primigravidous couples during pregnancy were investigated using Green and associatesâ€™ (1980) PRECEDE framework for health education.  PRECEDE is an acronym for predisposing, reinforcing and enabling causes for educational diagnosis and evaluation.  The purpose of this study was to determine if there were significant relationships between selected predisposing, reinforcing and enabling factors and sexual satisfaction as a basis for determining educational needs of primigravidous couples regarding sexual activity in pregnancy.  Two research questions were posed: (1) What are the relationships between predisposing, enabling and reinforcing factors in primigravidous couples and sexual satisfaction or lack of satisfaction in pregnancy?  (2) What are the relationships between sexual satisfaction and lack of satisfaction, and specified demographic variables including religious affiliation and commitment, educational level achieved, and occupation?  Data on subjects were collected through the use of a questionnaire administered a prenatal classes and prenatal clinics in the Salt Lake City Valley.  The study sample consisted of 44 primigravidous married couples with good health who lived in the same household.  The women were between 32 and 28 weeks gestation.  The level of statistical significance was set at p
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.02.1968, erstellt von Simona Nicolescu, Observatorium Bukarest
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Astronomischen Observatorium Bukarest, Solarsektor, Rumänien. Instrument: Zeiss-Refraktor (Öffnung 130mm, f = 1950mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22729.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.03.1968, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22691.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.01.1968, erstellt von Werner Scheidegger
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Mutational studies on differential proteasome activation by the 11S regulators
Creators: name: Li, Jun
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Proteasomes
Oligomerization

description: The eukaryotic 20S proteosome contains three distinct catalytic ? subunits that display chymotrypsin-like (CT), trypsin-like (T) and peptidylglutamyl preferring hydrolytic (PGPH) activities.  Facing the proteasome's central chamber, the active sites are insulated from external solvent by N-terminal segments of the proteasome's ? subunits.  For activation, a channel must be opened from the external solvent to the proteasome's central chamber.  Two protein complexes bind the ends of the proteosome and activatie it, the 19S regulatory complex (RC) and the 11S regulator (11S REG).  The 11S REG family is comprised of three subunits, ?, ? and ?.  REG? and REG? active all three proteosome ? catalytic subunits whereas REG? stimulates only T-like activity.  My dissertation aimed to determine the structural basis for differential proteosome activation by the REG subunits using site-directed and random mutagenesis.  In the site directed mutagenesis study, I exchanged regions where the sequences diverge and characterized the resulting chimeras.  Exchanged regions included the N-terminal, C-terminal and the activation loop flanking sequences.  In the random mutagenesis study,  REG?    mutants bearing random mutations were screened for their ability to stimulate the proteasomal CT-like and PGPH activities.  I found that none of the divergent regions controls the activation of specific proteosome ? subunits.  Rather, substitution of  REG?Lys188 broadens proteosome activation of that homolog to match the activation by REGs ? and ?.  My studies also provide strong biochemical evidence for all allosteric basis for differential proteosome activation by REG subunits.  I conclude that the restricted proteosome activation by REG  is not due to the selective entry or exit of substrates to the proteosome through REG?   rings, but is due to large conformational adjustments in the proteosome upon binding the more ridge REG? heptamer.  I hypothesize that substitution of Lys188 by Glu or Asp increases the plasticity of REG?  heptamers and relieves the proteasomal adjustments.  Thereby allowing all three catalytic subunits to remain active upon channel opening by REG?
Effects of diphenylhydantoin on synaptic transmission
Creators: name: Esplin, Don W.
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Phenytoin - Physiological effect
Anticonvulsants
Neural transmission

description: The effect of diphenylhydantoin (Dilantin) on various aspects of synaptic transmission in the spinal cord and stellate ganglion of cats has been investigated by electrophysiological technics. Dilantin has a slight depressant effect upon transmission of isolated impulses in the spinal cord, and the effect upon activity in polysynaptic pathways in somewhat more pronounced. No effect of Dilantin on facilitation in either the spinal cord or. ganglion has been observed; primary inhibition has not been thoroughly studied.  The principal effects of Dilantin on synaptic transmission were found to be qualitatively identical for the monosynaptic pathways of the spinal cord and ganglion. Dilantin deepens depression following transmission of a single impulse and hastens fatigue during repetitive stimulation. Post-tetanic potentiation is strikingly reduced by Dilantin. The doses employed in all studies were in the anticonvulsant, nontoxic range for cats.  In view of the anatomical and functional differences of the two synaptic systems studied and of the strikingly similar effects of Dilantin on transmission at these sites, it appears likely that the drug exerts similar effects upon synaptic transmission at sites in the central nervous system concerned with convulsive activity. The possible significance of the observed effects in relation to the anticonvulsant action of the drug is discussed.
Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) parvulus
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Coprophanaeus
Coprophanaeus parvulus

description: Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) parvulus (Olsoufieff, 1924)
Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) parvulus Olsoufieff 1924: 67 (French Guiana)
Distribution. Guyana: BMNH - NEW COUNTRY RECORD (Guyana, Essequibo River, Moraballi Creek. 28-VIII-1929. Oxf. Univ. Expedn. On carrion. NHMUK013655397.). Suriname: Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 89; Larsen 2011: 98; MHCN; NZCS; RMNH. French Guiana: Olsoufieff 1924: 26, 67 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) parvulus); Blackwelder 1944: 209; Feer 2000: 32; Arnaud 2002c: 38; Feer and Pincebourde 2005: 30; Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 89; Brûlé et al. 2011a: 193, 2014: 183; Brûlé and Dalens 2012a annex 4: 18 (as Coprophaneus [sic] parvulus), 2012b: 37; Boilly et al. 2016: 93. Brazil (NA): Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 192; Quintero and Roslin 2005: appendix A (NA); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 89 (NA); Ratcliffe 2013b: 494 (NA). Venezuela (EO): Arnaud 2002c: 38 (EO); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 89 (EO). Other: Medina et al. 2001: 140 (Colombia); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 89 (Colombia).
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 95, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 22.02.1968, erstellt am Kandilli Observatorium Istanbul
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Istanbul Kandilli Rasathanesi, Çengelköy (Istanbul). Instrument: Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 200 mm, f = 3070 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm).
Instrumentennachweis gemäss Kandilli Observatory Istanbul, Report from Solar Institute, in: Solar Physics, 1968, Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp.491-492, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00171622
Additional file 2 of Development of the Cooperative Adoption Factors Instrument to measure factors associated with instructional practice in the context of institutional change
Creators: name: McAlpin, Jacob D.
name: Ziker, John P.
name: Skvoretz, John
name: Couch, Brian A.
name: Earl, Brittnee
name: Feola, Stephanie
name: Lane, A. Kelly
name: Mertens, Karl
name: Prevost, Luanna B.
name: Shadle, Susan E.
name: Stains, Marilyne
name: Lewis, Jennifer E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Information regarding simple descriptive statistics, missing data, item correlations, initial exploratory factor analysis results, and initial confirmatory factor analysis results. Supplementary tables and figures.
Dose utilization in high resolution x-ray imaging
Creators: name: Neel, S. Trent
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Tomography
Radiation - Dosage

description: High resolution x-ray imaging requires high radiation dosages that are damaging in medical and many industrial applications. In these applications minimizing dose while maintaining image quality is imperative. The relationship between dose and image quality is examined for high resolution x-ray imaging using a typical bremsstrahlung radiation source. A mathematical model relating dose, contrast-to-noise ratio and the energy spectrum of the x-ray beam was developed for projection imaging. The model can easily be applied to a wide range of imaging tasks, such as resolving the internal structure of electronic components or the trabecular structure of bone. A comparative analysis of noise in projection imaging and computed tomography is included. This analysis allows extrapolation of the results from projection imaging to computed tomography. A computer simulation study was conducted based on the mathematical model with results presented in graphical form. The study shows proper choice of peak beam energy significantly reduces the dose required to obtain desired image quality.
Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) telamon
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Coprophanaeus
Coprophanaeus telamon

description: § Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) telamon (Erichson, 1847)
Phanaeus telamon Erichson 1847: 106 (Peru)
Distribution. Brazil: Gillet 1911b: 86 (as Phanaeus telamon); Olsoufieff 1924: 68 (as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) telamon); Balthasar 1941c: 350 (as Phanaeus telamon); Blackwelder 1944: 210 (as Phanaeus telamon); Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 192; Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 91. Venezuela (EO): Arnaud 2002c: 35;
Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 91 (EO); Ferrer-Paris et al. 2013: 109. Other: Erichson 1847: 106 (Peru - as Phanaeus telamon); Gillet 1911b: 86 (Peru - as Phanaeus telamon); Olsoufieff 1924: 68 (Bolivia, Colom- bia, Ecuador, Peru - as Phanaeus (Coprophanaeus) telamon); Balthasar 1941c: 350 (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru - as Phanaeus telamon); Blackwelder 1944: 210 (Peru - as Phanaeus telamon); Medina et al. 2001: 140 (Colombia); Arnaud 2002c: 35 (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 91 (Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru).
Subgenus MEGAPHANAEUS Olsoufieff, 1924
Phanaeus (Megaphanaeus) Olsoufieff 1924: 75
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on pages 95-96, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.01.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22718.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.02.1968, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Euphopanes A–C, three new diterpenoids from Euphorbia pekinensis
Creators: name: Yan, Xue-Long
name: Huang, Jia-Luo
name: Tang, Ya-Qi
name: Tang, Gui-Hua
name: Yin, Sheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Three new diterpenoids, euphopanes A–C (1–3), including one ent-isopimarane (1), one ent-abietane (2) and one cembrane (3), along with five known compounds (4–8) were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia pekinensis. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, and the absolute configurations of compounds 1–3 were determined by ECD calculations. All the isolates were screened for the cytotoxicity against three cancer cell lines (C4-2B, C42B/ENZR, and MDA-MB-231), and compounds 1, 2, and 4 showed significant cytotoxicity against human prostate cancer cells C4-2B with IC50 values of 14.3, 16.9, and 15.3 μM, respectively.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 22732.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 14.03.1968, erstellt von Fritz Riesen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Zeiss Coudé-Refraktor (150/2250 mm).
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich notiert: Tabelle mit statistischen Angaben – mit Vermerk der Werte Gr, f und g, wobei die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl nach wie auf visueller Beobachtung und anderer Instrumentierung beruhte (und dafür das entsprechende Registerblatt (in Teilbestand acht) ausgefüllt wurde). Zusammen mit den täglichen Werten oft Angabe der Resultate der Flächenmessungen der Flecken (F und F -o) in Millionsteln der Scheibe bzw. der Halbkugel
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.02.1968, erstellt am Kandilli Observatorium Istanbul
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Istanbul Kandilli Rasathanesi, Çengelköy (Istanbul). Instrument: Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 200 mm, f = 3070 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm).
Instrumentennachweis gemäss Kandilli Observatory Istanbul, Report from Solar Institute, in: Solar Physics, 1968, Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp.491-492, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00171622
Semi-synthetic diversification of coronarin D, a labdane diterpene, under Ugi reaction conditions
Creators: name: Veena, Kollery S.
name: Taniya, Murikkinthara S.
name: Ravindran, Jaice
name: Thangarasu, Arun Kumar
name: Priya, Sulochana
name: Lankalapalli, Ravi Shankar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The prevalence of 5-hydroxydihydrofuran-2(3H)-one moiety in natural products is exploited for the first time using coronarin D, a labdane diterpene, to afford Ugi reaction product 1a and interrupted Ugi product 2a. The potential of the Ugi reaction was further extended to l-phenylalanine, 2-aminopyridine, and d-glucosamine, which afforded Ugi reaction products 3a–f, 4, and 5a–d, respectively. Cytotoxicity studies in RAW cells reveal that compounds 3e and 5b were non-toxic up to 50 µM, and these compounds were able to reduce the LPS stimulated NO production in RAW cells in par with the standard anti-inflammatory drug dexamethasone.
Quantitative heat kernel estimates for diffusions with distributional drift
Creators: name: Perkowski, Nicolas
name: Van Zuijlen, Willem
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Heat kernel bound
subject: singular diffusion
subject: parametrix method
subject: 60H10
subject: 35A08

description: We consider the stochastic differential equation on ℝ d given by d X t = b(t,Xt ) d t + d Bt, where B is a Brownian motion and b is considered to be a distribution of regularity > - 1/2. We show that the martingale solution of the SDE has a transition kernel Γt and prove upper and lower heat kernel bounds for Γt with explicit dependence on t and the norm of b.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 06.02.1968, erstellt am Kandilli Observatorium Istanbul
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Istanbul Kandilli Rasathanesi, Çengelköy (Istanbul). Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund weiterer Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Instrument: Refraktor Teleskop (Öffnung 200 mm, f = 3070 mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25 cm).
Instrumentennachweis gemäss Kandilli Observatory Istanbul, Report from Solar Institute, in: Solar Physics, 1968, Vol. 3, Issue 3, pp.491-492, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00171622
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.03.1968, erstellt von Peter Rovithis, Eugenides Planetarium in Athen
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Bleistift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Eugenides Planetarium in Athen der Eugenides Stiftung, Griechenland. Instrument: Zeiss (Coudé-Refraktor 150mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.02.1968, erstellt von Simona Nicolescu, Observatorium Bukarest
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1968

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift, erstellt als Zeichnung nach eigener Vorlage am Astronomischen Observatorium Bukarest, Solarsektor, Rumänien. Instrument: Zeiss-Refraktor (Öffnung 130mm, f = 1950mm, projiziertes Sonnenbild D = 25cm)
Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) bellicosus
Creators: name: Hielkema, Auke J.
name: Hielkema, Meindert A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Coprophanaeus
Coprophanaeus bellicosus

description: § Coprophanaeus (Megaphanaeus) bellicosus (Olivier, 1789)
Scarabaeus bellicosus Olivier 1789: 103 (Brazil - LECTOTYPE)
Distribution. French Guiana: Olivier 1789: 103 (as Scarabaeus bellicosus); Olsoufieff 1924: 77 (as Phanaeus (Megaphanaeus) bellicosus) (?) “Guianas”: Gillet 1911b: 81 (as Phanaeus bellicosus); Blackwelder 1944: 209 (as Megaphanaeus bellicosus). Brazil: Gillet 1911b: 81 (as Phanaeus bellicosus); Olsoufieff 1924: 77 (as Phanaeus (Megaphanaeus) bellicosus); Blackwelder 1944: 209 (as Megaphanaeus bellicosus); Vaz-de-Mello 2000: 192; Arnaud 2002c: 24 (as Coprophanaeus (Coprophanaeus) bellicosus); Edmonds and Zídek 2010: 14; Maldaner et al. 2017: 90 (designation LECTOTYPE Scarabaeus bellicosus). Other: Olsoufieff 1924: 77 (Bolivia? - as Phanaeus (Megaphanaeus) bellicosus).
Note. The type locality Cayenne [= French Guiana] for Coprophanaeus bellicosus in Olivier (1789: 103) and the subsequent inclusion of the Guianas in the distribution of this species in Gillet (1911b: 81), Olsoufieff (1924: 77) and Blackwelder (1944: 209) is likely the result of a mislabeled specimen. Accord- ing to Edmonds and Zídek (2010: 14), this species is restricted to the Brazilian Atlantic Forest and does not occur in the research area.
description: Published as part of Hielkema, Auke J. & Hielkema, Meindert A., 2019, An annotated checklist of the Scarabaeoidea (Insecta: Coleoptera) of the Guianas, pp. 1-306 in Insecta Mundi 732 (732) on page 96, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3678492
Consumers' perceptions of emergency departments.
Creators: name: Winters, Beverly June Petersilie
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: Hospital Care
Emergency Nursing

description: Studies indicate that hospital emergency departments are being increasingly utilized by consumers for a wide variety of health problems.  This study was conducted in order to learn how consumes viewed their experiences in three emergency departments in the Salt Lake City, Utah, area.  The non-random sample consisted of 31 emergency department patients, or individuals accompanying patients, from each emergency department, making a total of 93 subjects.  Data regarding age, use of emergency departments during the past year, reason for coming to the emergency department, diagnosis, length of time spent in the emergency department, and whether or not the patient had a private physician was collected for each subject.  Subjects were interviewed by telephone to determine their opinions about their experiences in the emergency department.  A predominance of females and individuals less than 30 years of age were noted in the sample.  Average time spent in the emergency department was 68 minutes.  Subjects appeared to be most concerned with the attitudes of the emergency department personnel and how quickly they were treated.  A marked difference in perceptions of waiting was noted.  Most subjects reported that someone had taken a personal interest in their problems and there appeared to be a high level of consumer satisfaction.  The data suggested a possible relationship between consumer satisfaction and subjectsâ€™ expectations, but no relationship was noted between consumer satisfaction and the size of the emergency department or numbers of emergency department staff.  A general reluctance to criticize, or express negative feelings, was noted by the investigator.  The investigator concluded that additional research into the experience of waiting for treatment in an emergency department and the influence of attitudes of emergency department treatment would be helpful.  An awareness on the part of emergency department personnel of the importance of a friendly, concern attitude toward consumes as well as making an effort to keep consumes informed would probably serve to increase consumers satisfaction with the care received in a emergency department.
The effect of cortisol on bone cell differentiation.
Creators: name: Schafer, Susan Ann
Publisher: name: University of Utah
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The literature contains inconsistencies concerning the effect of corticosteroids on skeletal tissues.  An in vitro system was developed to isolate the effects of cortisol on bone cell populations from those effects due to a secondary hyperparathyroidism.  One hour prior to sacrifice, newborn mice were injected with tritiated-thymidine.  The radii were placed into organ culture for four days.  Effects of cortisol (0.0001, 0.01, 1.0 and 100.0 ug/ml media) and parathyroid extract (0.1, 1.0 and 10.0 units/ml media) on the bone cell populations were studied.  Low doses of cortisol (0.0001 ug/ml media) stimulate progenitor cell mitosis and induce bone remodeling through increased differentiation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts.  Higher doses of cortisol (above 1.0 ug/ml media) decreased progenitor cell mitosis, inhibit bone formation through decreased osteoblasts differentiation and preferentially protect and increase the resorbing cell population.  Parathyroid extract, except at high levels (10 units PTE/ml media), stimulates progenitor cell mitosis and preferentially increases resorbing cell differentiation to the exclusion of osteoblast production.  Cortisol and parathyroid extract can be seen to oppose each other in most effects on bone cell populations.  While both increase resorbing cell populations, 45Ca metabolism of the whole bone in culture indicates that the activity of the individual cell  is depressed by cortisol.  Possible inter-relationships of the different bone cells through differentiation and modulation are discussed.