cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplemental information for: Experimental assessment of EAIRMS normalization methodologies for environmental stable isotopes
Creators: name: Balint, Sawyer, J.
name: Schwartz, Morgan
name: Fowler, Drew, N.
name: Linnekogel, Stella
name: Cromratie Clemons, Sáde
name: Burkemper, Laura, K.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This repository contains data for the manuscript “Experimental assessment of EAIRMS normalization methodologies for environmental stable isotopes” by Sawyer Balint, Morgan Schwartz, Drew Fowler, Stella Linnekogel, Sáde Cromratie Clemons, and Laura K. Burkemper.

Directory Structure

/raw

input files containing raw data from the EAIRMS instruments

/scripts

R scripts that tidy the raw data, perform isotopic normalization, and generate figures

/Rdata

.rds and .Rdata files of tidied and normalized data

/export

.csv files of raw and normalized data in several different layouts for readability

/figures

.png figures used in the manuscript
Commercial Horticultue and Domestic Space at Roman Pompeii: The House of the Ship Europa
Creators: name: Warlick, Cole Johnson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2020

description: In this study, I evaluate the relationship between a productive market garden and its associated domestic spaces as evidence of continuing but altered use of the property. Previous scholarship has similarly sought to interrogate the interactions between homes and economic activity in Pompeii. These studies, however, have focused solely on workshops as places of economic production. The intent in this study is to bring to light an often-understudied aspect of the economy of Roman Pompeii, one that took up a large area of land in the city at the time of the volcanic eruption. I begin with discussion of previous scholarship on workshops, mainly that by Miko Flohr and use many of his methods to look at the House of the Ship Europa. I argue that this property further shows the continuing use of the domestic areas alongside renovation and economic production.
RELATIVE IMPORTANCE OF RECRUITMENT, SUBSTRATE AVAILABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS IN DETERMINING OYSTER RESTORATION TRAJECTORIES ACROSS AN ESTUARINE SALINITY GRADIENT
Creators: name: Lucas, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Ecological processes in natural systems can bottleneck restoration attempts, yet ecological theory provides insights to overcome restoration challenges. I examined processes of environmental stress, recruitment limitation, and substrate limitation in the context of an oyster restoration network. Patch reefs on the restoration sites were either made of substrate that had been “seeded” with juvenile oysters to simulate a recruitment pulse, or unseeded substrate. Comparing oyster densities between seeded and unseeded substrate after 18 months demonstrated the extent to which the recruitment pulse determined population density. Population densities across the sites were strongly correlated to recruitment, indicating recruitment limitation affected the entire restoration network. Larval settlement was correlated with salinity, and sites farther upstream were decreasingly substrate limited. Mortality rates were density independent and likely related to stress from low salinity. Five of six sites exceeded criteria of restoration success, although continued monitoring will assess restoration trajectories over longer time scales.
(3516) Dennis Crosse
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Energy decomposition within Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes
Creators: name: Pereira, Jonas P.
name: Rueda, Jorge A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the consequences of the recently found generalization of the Christodoulou-Ruffini black hole mass decomposition for Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes [characterized by the parameters $(Q,M,b)$, where $M = M(M_{irr},Q,b)$, $b$ scale field, $Q$ charge, $M_{irr}$ "irreducible mass", physically meaning the energy of a black hole when its charge is null] and their interactions. We show in this context that their description is largely simplified and can basically be split into two families depending upon the parameter $b|Q|$. If $b|Q|\leq 1/2$, then black holes could have even zero irreducible masses and they always exhibit single, non degenerated, horizons. If $b|Q|>1/2$, then an associated black hole must have a minimum irreducible mass (related to its minimum energy) and has two horizons up to a transitional irreducible mass. For larger irreducible masses, single horizon structures raise again. By assuming that black holes emit thermal uncharged scalar particles, we further show in light of the black hole mass decomposition that one satisfying $b|Q|>1/2$ takes an infinite amount of time to reach the zero temperature, settling down exactly at its minimum energy. Finally, we argue that depending on the fundamental parameter $b$, the radiation (electromagnetic and gravitational) coming from Einstein-Born-Infeld black holes could differ significantly from Einstein-Maxwell ones. Hence, it could be used to assess such a parameter.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
LATE WOODLAND JARS AND MAIZE CONSUMPTION IN THE NORTH CAROLINA-VIRGINIA PIEDMONT
Creators: name: Ondus, Lillian Kathleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Archaeological studies of maize (Zea mays) in the southeastern United States focus on its role in the rise of complex societies, the diet, and its economic importance (Fritz 2019; Scarry 1986; VanDerwarker et al. 2017). Many archaeologists recognize the relationship between maize agriculture and its role in the development of Mississippian societies (Anderson and Sassaman 2012; Cobb 2003; Fritz 2019; Scarry 1986; Welch and Scarry 1995). There was a widespread shift to maize agriculture in the North American Southeast that began around AD 900, reaching the Carolina Piedmont around AD 1000 (Gremillion 1989, 1993c; Hutchinson et al. 1998; Smith 1989). While the shift to maize cultivation has gained considerable attention, changes in food consumption—both food types and preparation—and how they relate to the vessels used to cook those foods have received less attention.       In this thesis, I propose that, during the Late Woodland period (AD 800 to 1600) in the North Carolina Piedmont, cooking jar forms changed in response to the intensified cultivation of maize and the new foodways associated with it. Maize kernels require processing to make them safe for sustained human consumption, and I argue this new foodway, among other cuisine changes, and their processing requirements are what led to a transition in cooking jar forms from the Uwharrie phase (AD 800-1200) into the Dan River phase (AD 1000-1450). Through the frameworks of communities of practice (Wenger 1998) and communities of consumption (Mills 2016) I explain behaviors associated with pottery production and cooking practices and how the two are linked. In this case, changes in pottery practices are spurred by changes in diet. I use DesignCAD 3D MAX software to build models of Woodland period cooking jars which I analyze alongside use-wear evidence to determine the functions and methods of cooking used with them. I do this by graphing changes in height, rim diameter, volume, and neck constriction over time. Trends of increasing neck constriction and decreasing height and volume signify distinct changes in vessel shape over time as a result of new dishes and cooking techniques. Changes in use-wear patterns such as the absence of sooting on the exterior surfaces of Uwharrie jar bases and presence of sooting on Dan River jar bases paired with the changes in vessel shape and size signify changing vessel use for cooking with fire. I argue Dan River jars were likely built to accommodate new cooking and processing techniques associated with maize while still accommodating previous practices involving mast resources. Ultimately, I explain how Dan River jars represent a greater diversity of cooking practices than jars from the Uwharrie series.
Small-world complex network generation on a digital quantum processor
Creators: name: Jones, Eric
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Quantum cellular automata (QCA) evolve qubits in a quantum circuit depending only on the states of their neighborhoods and model how rich physical complexity can emerge from a simple set of underlying dynamical rules. The inability of classical computers to simulate large quantum systems hinders the elucidation of quantum cellular automata, but quantum computers offer an ideal simulation platform. Here, we experimentally realize QCA on a digital quantum processor, simulating a one-dimensional Goldilocks rule on chains of up to 23 superconducting qubits. We calculate calibrated and error-mitigated population dynamics and complex network measures, which indicate the formation of small-world mutual information networks. These networks decohere at fixed circuit depth independent of system size, the largest of which corresponding to 1,056 two-qubit gates. Such computations may enable the employment of QCA in applications like the simulation of strongly-correlated matter or beyond-classical computational demonstrations.
description: Data can be processed using code residing at: https://github.com/ebjones424/qca_nat_commsFunding provided by: National Science Foundation
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000001
Award Number: Funding provided by: U.S. Department of Energy
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100000015
Award Number:
description: Data was generated using code residing at: https://github.com/ebjones424/qca_nat_comms
Coupling between the accreting corona and the relativistic jet in the micro quasar GRS 1915+105
Creators: name: Mendez, Mariano
name: Karpouzas, Konstantinos
name: Garcia, Federico
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Zhang, Yuexin
name: Belloni, Tomaso M.
name: Altamirano, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GRS 1915+105 was the first stellar-mass black-hole in our Galaxy to display a superluminal radio jet, similar to those observed in active galactic nuclei with a supermassive black hole at the centre. It has been proposed that the radio emission in GRS 1915+105 is fed by instabilities in the accretion disc by which the inner parts of the accretion flow is ejected in the jet. Here we show that there is a significant correlation between: (i) the radio flux, coming from the jet, and the flux of the iron emission line, coming from the disc and, (ii) the temperature of the corona that produces the high-energy part of the X-ray spectrum via inverse Compton scattering and the amplitude of a high-frequency variability component coming from the innermost part of the accretion flow. At the same time, the radio flux and the flux of the iron line are strongly anti-correlated with the temperature of the X-ray corona and the amplitude of the high-frequency variability component. These correlations persist over ~10 years, despite the highly variable X-ray and radio properties of the source in that period. Our findings provide, for the first time, incontrovertible evidence that the energy that powers this black-hole system can be directed either to the X-ray corona or the jet. When this energy is used to power the corona, raising its temperature, there is less energy left to fuel the jet and the radio flux drops, and vice versa. These facts, plus the modelling of the variability in this source show conclusively that in GRS 1915+105 the X-ray corona morphs into the jet.
description: 54 pages, 10 figures, To appear in Nature Astronomy. Notice that this is the original submission (very first submission on May 18, 2020!); due to embargo conditions we cannot post the final, accepted, version until 6 months after publication. Final version available at: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-022-01617-y (please, contact the corresponding author for any further clarification)
Learning Structures of Bayesian Networks for Variable Groups
Creators: name: Parviainen, Pekka
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bayesian networks, and especially their structures, are powerful tools for representing conditional independencies and dependencies between random variables. In applications where related variables form a priori known groups, chosen to represent different "views" to or aspects of the same entities, one may be more interested in modeling dependencies between groups of variables rather than between individual variables. Motivated by this, we study prospects of representing relationships between variable groups using Bayesian network structures. We show that for dependency structures between groups to be expressible exactly, the data have to satisfy the so-called groupwise faithfulness assumption. We also show that one cannot learn causal relations between groups using only groupwise conditional independencies, but also variable-wise relations are needed. Additionally, we present algorithms for finding the groupwise dependency structures.
description: To appear at the International Journal of Approximate Reasoning. A preliminary version appeared in Proceedings of the Eighth International Conference on Probabilistic Graphical Models
The Genome Sequence of Citrus Melanose Pathogen Diaporthe citri and Two Citrus related Diaporthe species
Creators: name: Yunpeng Gai
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 70308 Crop and Pasture Protection (Pests, Diseases and Weeds)
subject: FOS: Agriculture, forestry and fisheries

description: The melanose diseases is one the most widespread and economically important fungal diseases of citrus worldwide. The causative agent is filamentous fungus Diaporthe citri Wolf (syn. Phomopsis citri H.S. Fawc.). Here, we report genome assemblies of three strains of D. citri, namely strains ZJUD2, ZJUD14 and Q7, generated using a combination of PacBio Sequel long-read and Illumina paired-end sequencing data. The assembled genomes of D. citri ranged 53,972,068 bp to 63,637,472 bp in genome size, containing 15,977 ~ 16,622 protein-coding genes. In addition, the genome sequences of two Citrus related Diaporthe species, namely D. citriasiana and D. citrichinensis, were assembled and annotated. The described genome sequences and annotations can provide a useful resource in the study of fungal biology, pathogen-host interaction, molecular diagnostic marker development, and population genomic analyses of Citrus-related Diaporthe species.
Optically and Electrically Tunable Dirac Points and Zitterbewegung in Graphene-Based Photonic Superlattices
Creators: name: Deng, Hanying
name: Ye, Fangwei
name: Malomed, Boris A.
name: Chen, Xianfeng
name: Panoiu, Nicolae C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that graphene-based photonic superlattices provide a versatile platform for electrical and all-optical control of photonic beams with deep-subwavelength accuracy. Specifically, by inserting graphene sheets into periodic metallo-dielectric structures one can design optical superlattices that posses photonic Dirac points (DPs) at frequencies at which the spatial average of the permittivity of the superlattice, $\bar{ \varepsilon}$, vanishes. Similar to the well-known zero-$\bar{n}$ bandgaps, we show that these zero-$\bar{\varepsilon}$ DPs are highly robust against structural disorder. We also show that, by tuning the graphene permittivity via the optical Kerr effect or electrical doping, one can induce a spectral variation of the DP exceeding \SI{30}{\nano\meter}, at mid-IR and THz frequencies. The implications of this wide tunability for the photonic Zitterbewegung effect in a vicinity of the DP are explored too.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B as a Rapid Communication
(3517) Anthony Tennant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title:  La griglia, le baracche, le torri neoliberali: la ‘modernità informale’ di Buenos Aires
Creators: name: Cremaschi, Marco
Publisher: name: Roma TrE-Press
Year: 2016

description: Le città dell’America del Sud sono sempre state in qualche modo lontane dalle coste della modernità. Questa riluttanza verso la modernizzazione ha ragioni storiche, poiché gli approcci moderni hanno sempre manifestato sentimenti confusi e a volte contraddittori nei confronti dell’eredità architettonica. Questo processo incompiuto di modernizzazione economica ha radici profonde nella geopolitica del capitalismo del XIX secolo e nei recenti modelli di sviluppo dipendente. Spesso però studiosi provenienti da background diversi hanno sottolineato traiettorie originali di crescita e socializzazione urbana; fra questi un esempio interessante può essere quello dell’idea di «porosità» evidenziata da Walter Benjamin. Alcune caratteristiche di questo complesso rapporto diventano evidenti nel contesto della ‘modernità periferica’ di Buenos Aires. La griglia razionale delle strade viene messa in risalto dal caos dei singoli isolati. Infrastrutture moderne hanno spazzato via parti della città senza però riuscire ad imporre un nuovo ordine. Perfino i recenti sviluppi neoliberali sono stati ibridati da concorrenti sforzi in funzione dell’implementazione. L’intervento intende discutere gli sviluppi e le politiche urbane come casi concreti di ibridazione, prendendo liberamente in prestito l’immagine di Latour secondo cui «(le città) non sono mai state moderne».
description: Modernità nelle Americhe
Maternal liver metabolic response to chronic Vitamin D deficiency is determined by mouse strain genetic background
Creators: name: Valdar, W.
name: Elnagheeb, M.
name: Hutchins, E.K.
name: Sumner, S.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: McRitchie, S.
name: Li, Y.
name: Xue, J.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2020

description: Background: Liver metabolite concentrations have the potential to be key biomarkers of systemic metabolic dysfunction and overall health. However, for most conditions we do not know the extent to which genetic differences regulate susceptibility to metabolic responses. This limits our ability to detect and diagnose effects in heterogeneous populations. Objectives: Here, we investigated the extent to which naturally occurring genetic differences regulate maternal liver metabolic response to vitamin D deficiency (VDD), particularly during perinatal periods when such changes can adversely affect maternal and fetal health. Methods: We used a panel of 8 inbred Collaborative Cross (CC) mouse strains, each with a different genetic background (72 dams, 3-6/treatment group, per strain). We identified robust maternal liver metabolic responses to vitamin D depletion before and during gestation and lactation using a vitamin-D-deficient (VDD; 0 IU vitamin D3/kg) or -sufficient diet (1000 IU vitamin D3/kg). We then identified VDD-induced metabolite changes influenced by strain genetic background. Results: We detected a significant VDD effect by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (Q2 = 0.266, pQ2 = 0.002): primarily, altered concentrations of 78 metabolites involved in lipid, amino acid, and nucleotide metabolism (variable importance to projection score ≥1.5). Metabolites in unsaturated fatty acid and glycerophospholipid metabolism pathways were significantly enriched [False Discovery Rate (FDR) <0.05]. VDD also significantly altered concentrations of putative markers of uremic toxemia, acylglycerols, and dipeptides. The extent of the metabolic response to VDD was strongly dependent on genetic strain, ranging from robustly responsive to nonresponsive. Two strains (CC017/Unc and CC032/GeniUnc) were particularly sensitive to VDD; however, each strain altered different pathways. Conclusions: These novel findings demonstrate that maternal VDD induces different liver metabolic effects in different genetic backgrounds. Strains with differing susceptibility and metabolic response to VDD represent unique tools to identify causal susceptibility factors and further elucidate the role of VDD-induced metabolic changes in maternal and/or fetal health for ultimately translating findings to human populations.
Imaging instantaneous electron flow with ultrafast resonant x-ray scattering
Creators: name: Popova-Gorelova, Daria
name: Santra, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel way to image dynamical properties of nonstationary electron systems using ultrafast resonant x-ray scattering. Employing a rigorous theoretical analysis within the framework of quantum electrodynamics, we demonstrate that a single scattering pattern from a nonstationary electron system encodes the instantaneous interatomic electron current in addition to the structural information usually obtained by resonant x-ray scattering from stationary systems. Thus, inelastic contributions that are indistinguishable from elastic processes induced by a broadband probe pulse, instead of being a concern, serve as an advantage for time-resolved resonant x-ray scattering. Thereby, we propose an approach combining elastic and inelastic resonant x-ray scattering for imaging dynamics of nonstationary electron systems in both real space and real time. In order to illustrate its power, we show how it can be applied to image the electron hole current in an ionized diatomic molecule.
Analisis Sistem Panas Bumi Daerah Ciniru dan Bantarkawung untuk Pengembangan Kawasan Berkesinambungan
Creators: name: Iswahyudi, Sachrul
name: Huzaely Latief Sunan
name: Maulana Rizki Aditama
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geochemistry
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40603 Hydrogeology
subject: Geology

description: This publication is part of the research results published at a national seminar organized by the Nahdlatul Ulama Purwokerto University with the theme "Acceleration of Food Technology and Rural Industry in 2019.
(3518) Raymond Trywhitt Wilson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(3519) Harry Abraham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Quantisation of extremal Kähler metrics
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C55 (Primary), 53D50 (Secondary)

description: Suppose that a polarised Kähler manifold $(X,L)$ admits an extremal metric $ω$. We prove that there exists a sequence of Kähler metrics $\{ ω_k \}_k$, converging to $ω$ as $k \to \infty$, each of which satisfies the equation $\bar{\partial} \text{grad}^{1,0}_{ω_k} ρ_k (ω_k)=0$; the $(1,0)$-part of the gradient of the Bergman function is a holomorphic vector field.
description: v2: 51 pages. Significant re-edit in presentation; version 1 divided into three separate papers, each with new materials (see arXiv:1705.11018 and arXiv:1705.11025). The main theorem and its proof unchanged. v3: updated refereces
Maternal Microdeletion at the H19/Igf2 ICR in Mice Increases Offspring Susceptibility to In Utero Environmental Perturbation
Creators: name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Elnagheeb, M.
name: Pal, A.
name: Oakes, J.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Ltd
Year: 2020

description: Deficiency of methyl donor nutrients folate, choline, and methionine (methyl deficiency) during gestation can impair fetal development and perturb DNA methylation. Here, we assessed genetic susceptibility to methyl deficiency by comparing effects in wildtype C57BL/6J (B6) mice to mutant mice carrying a 1.3 kb deletion at the H19/Igf2 Imprinting Control Region (ICR) (H19ICRΔ2,3). The H19ICRΔ2,3 mutation mimics microdeletions observed in Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome (BWS) patients, who exhibit epimutations in cis that cause loss of imprinting and fetal overgrowth. Dams were treated during pregnancy with 1 of 4 methyl sufficient (MS) or methyl deficient (MD) diets, with or without the antibiotic commonly used to deplete folate producing gut microbes. As expected, after ~9 weeks of treatment, dams in MD and MD + antibiotic groups exhibited substantially reduced plasma folate concentrations. H19ICRΔ2,3 mutant lines were more susceptible to adverse pregnancy outcomes caused by methyl deficiency (reduced birth rate and increased pup lethality) and antibiotic (decreased litter size and litter survival). Surprisingly, pup growth/development was only minimally affected by methyl deficiency, while antibiotic treatment caused inverse effects on B6 and H19ICRΔ2,3 lines. B6 pups treated with antibiotic exhibited increased neonatal and weanling bodyweight, while both wildtype and mutant pups of heterozygous H19ICRΔ2,3/+ dams exhibited decreased neonatal bodyweight that persisted into adulthood. Interestingly, only antibiotic-treated pups carrying the H19ICRΔ2,3 mutation exhibited altered DNA methylation at the H19/Igf2 ICR, suggesting ICR epimutation was not sufficient to explain the altered phenotypes. These findings demonstrate that genetic mutation of the H19/Igf2 ICR increases offspring susceptibility to developmental perturbation in the methyl deficiency model, maternal and pup genotype play an essential role, and antibiotic treatment in the model also plays a key independent role.
(3511) Louise Anne Edwards
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Assessment of placental metal levels in a South African cohort
Creators: name: Meyrueix, L.
name: Adair, L.
name: Norris, S.A.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.
Publisher: name: Springer International Publishing
Year: 2019

description: The placenta plays an important role in mediating the effect of maternal metal exposure on fetal development, acting as both barrier and transporter. Term-placenta metal levels serve as an informative snapshot of maternal/fetal exposure during pregnancy and could be used to predict offspring short- and long-term health outcomes. Here, we measured term-placenta metal levels of 11 metals in 42 placentas from the Soweto First 1000 days cohort (S1000, Soweto-Johannesburg, SA). We compared these placental metal concentrations with previously reported global cohort measurements to determine whether this cohort is at increased risk of exposure. Placental metals were tested for correlations to understand potential interactions between metals. Since these samples are from a birth cohort study, we also performed exploratory analyses to determine whether metal levels were associated with placenta and birth outcomes. Most S1000 placental metal levels were similar to other cohorts; however, cadmium (Cd) levels up to 50-fold lower, and essential elements nickel (Ni) and chromium (Cr) level up to 6- and 16-fold lower, respectively. Cd, Se, and Ni were associated with placenta and birth outcomes. Studies are ongoing to examine underlying mechanisms and how these developmental differences affect long-term health.
Klimaschutz und Klimaanpassung in der akut-stationären Gesundheitsversorgung
Creators: name: Kaeding, Nadja
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Klimaschutz
subject: Klimaanpassung
subject: akut-stationäre Gesundheitsversorgung
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::340 Recht::340 Recht

description: Klimaschutz- und Klimaanpassung stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit dem Schutz der menschlichen Gesundheit und der Sicherung einer allgemein zugänglichen und qualitativ hochwertigen Gesundheitsversorgung. Hierauf gerichtete Maßnahmen von Krankenhäusern sind schon heute Teil der akut-stationären Versorgung. Gesetzgeber und G–BA sind aufgefordert, diesen Umstand beim Setzen der rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen anzuerkennen.
Maternal vitamin D deficiency and developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD)
Creators: name: Peterson, C.A.
name: Kullman, S.W.
name: Levin, E.D.
name: Rosenfeld, C.S.
name: Belenchia, A.M.
name: Mahapatra, D.
name: Bereman, M.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Knuth, M.
Publisher: name: BioScientifica Ltd.
Year: 2019

description: Vitamin D is an essential nutrient that is metabolized in the body to generate an active metabolite (1, 25(OH)2D) with hormone-like activity and highly diverse roles in cellular function. Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) is a prevalent but easily p reventable nutritional disturbance. Emerging evidence demonstrates the importance of s ufficient vitamin D concentrations during fetal life with deficiencies leading to long-term effects into adulthood. Here, we provide a detailed review and perspective of evidence for the role of maternal VDD in offspring long-term health, particularly as it relates to developmental origins of health and disease (DOHaD). We focus on the roles in neurobehavioral and cardiometabolic disorders in humans and highlight recent finding s from zebrafish and rodent models that probe potential mechanisms linking early life VDD to later life health outcomes. Moreover, we explore evidence implicating epigenetic mechanisms as a mediator of this link. Gaps in our current understanding of how maternal VDD might result in deleterious offspring outcomes later in life are also addressed.
Rift-related paleogeography of the European margin in the Eastern Alps (Central Tauern Window)
Creators: name: Groß, Philip
name: Pleuger, Jan
name: Handy, Mark R.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Alpine Tethys
subject: Continental margin
subject: Rifting
subject: Lithostratigraphy
subject: Outer margin high
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Continent-derived tectonic units in the Tauern Window of the Alps exhibit stratigraphic and structural traces of extension of continental margins eventually leading to the opening of the Alpine Tethys. In this study, we reassess lithostratigraphic data from the central part of the Tauern Window to reconstruct the post-Variscan evolution of this area, particularly the rift-related geometry of the European continental margin. The lithostratigraphy of the Alpine nappes reflects systematic variations of the structure of the European margin. The lowest tectonic units (Venediger nappe system, Eclogite Zone and Trögereck Nappe) are characterized by a thick succession of arkose-rich Bündnerschiefer-type sediments of probably Early Cretaceous age that we interpret as syn-rift sequence and which stratigraphically overlies thinned continental basement and thin pre-rift sediments. In contrast, the highest tectonic unit derived from Europe (Rote Wand Nappe) preserves a thick pre-rift sedimentary sequence overlying thinned continental basement, as well as a thick syn- to post-rift succession characterized by turbiditic Bündnerschiefer-type sediments of probable Cretaceous age. These observations point towards a highly segmented structure of the European rifted margin. We propose that this involved the formation of an outer margin high, partly preserved in the Rote Wand Nappe, that was separated from the main part of the European margin by a rift basin overlying strongly-thinned continental crust. The along-strike discontinuity of the Rote Wand Nappe is proposed to reflect the lateral variation in thickness of the outer margin high that resulted from margin-parallel segmentation of the European continental crust during highly oblique rifting antecedent to the opening of Alpine Tethys.
Exon-based phylogenomics and the relationships of African cichlids: Tackling the challenges of reconstructing phylogenies with repeated rapid radiations
Creators: name: Astudillo-Clavijo, Viviana
name: Stiassny, Melanie
name: Ilves, Katriina
name: Musilova, Zuzana
name: Salzburger, Walter
name: López-Fernández, Hernán
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Pseudocrenilabrinae
African cichlids
gene tree heterogeneity
species tree
phylogenetic network
hybrid assembly
Blenniiformes

description: African cichlids (subfamily: Pseudocrenilabrinae) are among the most diverse vertebrates, and their propensity for repeated rapid radiation has made them a celebrated model system in evolutionary research. Nonetheless, despite numerous studies, phylogenetic uncertainty persists, and riverine lineages remain comparatively underrepresented in higher-level phylogenetic studies. Heterogeneous gene histories resulting from incomplete lineage sorting (ILS) and hybridization are likely sources of uncertainty, especially during episodes of rapid speciation. We investigate relationships of Pseudocrenilabrinae and its close relatives while accounting for multiple sources of genetic discordance using species tree and hybrid network analyses with hundreds of single-copy exons. We improve sequence recovery for distant relatives, thereby extending the taxonomic reach of our probes, with a hybrid reference guided/de novo assembly approach. Our analyses provide robust hypotheses for most higher-level relationships and reveal widespread gene heterogeneity, including in riverine taxa. ILS and past hybridization are identified as sources of genetic discordance in different lineages. Sampling of various Blenniiformes (formerly Ovalentaria) adds strong phylogenomic support for convict blennies (Pholidichthyidae) as sister to Cichlidae, and points to other potentially useful protein-coding markers across the order. A reliable phylogeny with representatives from diverse environments will support ongoing taxonomic and comparative evolutionary research in the cichlid model system.
description: The dataset associated with this article consists of alignments for 588 single-copy exons for 178 taxa, most of which are African cichlids from the subfamily Pseudocrenilabrinae: 165 cichlids (Pseudocrenilabrinae: 150, Cichlinae: 3, Etroplinae: 5, Ptychochrominae: 7); 13 non-cichlid Blenniiformes). Raw reads were obtained through targeted exon capture with probes designed based on an Oreochromis niloticus genome. Target sequences were assembled using a combination of Bowtie2 guided, hybrid guided/de novo and reduced-sensitivity approaches. Target sequences were aligned in MUSCLE.
Impact of vitamin D depletion during development on mouse sperm DNA methylation
Creators: name: Tarantino, L.M.
name: Valdar, W.
name: Gharaibeh, R.Z.
name: Pietryk, E.W.
name: Xue, J.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Brouwer, C.
Publisher: name: Taylor and Francis Inc.
Year: 2018

description: Suboptimal environmental conditions during development can substantially alter the epigenome. Stable environmentally-induced changes to the germline epigenome, in particular, have important implications for the health of the next generation. We showed previously that developmental vitamin D depletion (DVD) resulted in loss of DNA methylation at several imprinted loci over two generations. Here, we assessed the impact of DVD on genome-wide methylation in mouse sperm in order to characterize the number, extent and distribution of methylation changes in response to DVD and to find genes that may be susceptible to this prevalent environmental perturbation. We detected 15,827 loci that were differentially methylated in DVD mouse sperm vs. controls. Most epimutations (69%) were loss of methylation, and the extent of methylation change and number of CpGs affected in a region were associated with genic location and baseline methylation state. Methylation response to DVD at validated loci was only detected in offspring that exhibited a phenotypic response to DVD (increased body and testes weight) suggesting the two types of responses are linked, though a causal relationship is unclear. Epimutations localized to regions enriched for developmental and metabolic genes and pathway analyses showed enrichment for Cadherin, Wnt, PDGF and Integrin signaling pathways. These findings show for the first time that vitamin D status during development leads to substantial DNA methylation changes across the sperm genome and that locus susceptibility is linked to genomic and epigenomic context.
(3513) May Richardson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Intergenerational response to the endocrine disruptor vinclozolin is influenced by maternal genotype and crossing scheme
Creators: name: Kuster, R.
name: Elnagheeb, M.
name: Pietryk, E.W.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Kilpatrick, K.
name: Clement, K.
Publisher: name: Elsevier Inc.
Year: 2018

description: In utero exposure to vinclozolin (VIN), an antiandrogenic fungicide, is linked to multigenerational phenotypic and epigenetic effects. Mechanisms remain unclear. We assessed the role of antiandrogenic activity and DNA sequence context by comparing effects of VIN vs. M2 (metabolite with greater antiandrogenic activity) and wild-type C57BL/6 (B6) mice vs. mice carrying mutations at the previously reported VIN-responsive H19/Igf2 locus. First generation offspring from VIN-treated 8nrCG mutant dams exhibited increased body weight and decreased sperm ICR methylation. Second generation pups sired by affected males exhibited decreased neonatal body weight but only when dam was unexposed. Offspring from M2 treatments, B6 dams, 8nrCG sires or additional mutant lines were not similarly affected. Therefore, pup response to VIN over two generations detected here was an 8nrCG-specific maternal effect, independent of antiandrogenic activity. These findings demonstrate that maternal effects and crossing scheme play a major role in multigenerational response to in utero exposures.
(3514) Charles Withey
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Dietary modulation of the epigenome
Creators: name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Zeisel, S.H.
Publisher: name: American Physiological Society
Year: 2018

description: Epigenetics is the study of heritable mechanisms that can modify gene activity and phenotype without modifying the genetic code. The basis for the concept of epigenetics originated more than 2,000 yr ago as a theory to explain organismal development. However, the definition of epigenetics continues to evolve as we identify more of the components that make up the epigenome and dissect the complex manner by which they regulate and are regulated by cellular functions. A substantial and growing body of research shows that nutrition plays a significant role in regulating the epigenome. Here, we critically assess this diverse body of evidence elucidating the role of nutrition in modulating the epigenome and summarize the impact such changes have on molecular and physiological outcomes with regards to human health.
Lepton Number Violation within the Conformal Inverse Seesaw
Creators: name: Humbert, Pascal
name: Lindner, Manfred
name: Patra, Sudhanwa
name: Smirnov, Juri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel framework within the conformal inverse seesaw scheme allowing large lepton number violation while the neutrino mass formula is still governed by the low-scale inverse seesaw mechanism. This model includes new contributions to rare low-energy lepton number violating processes like neutrinoless double beta decay. We find that the lifetime for this rare process due to heavy sterile neutrinos can saturate current experimental limits. The characteristic collider signature of the present conformal inverse seesaw scheme includes, same-sign dilepton plus two jets and same-sign dilepton plus four jets. Finally, we comment on the testability of the model at the Large Hadron Collider since there are new scalars, new fermions and an extra neutral gauge boson with masses around few 100 GeV to few TeV.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures
DOWNLOAD [PDF] {EPUB} L'alimentation intuitive  - La méthode anti-régime
Creators: name: Elias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: L'alimentation intuitive - La méthode anti-régime pan Evelyn Tribole, Elyse Resch, Delphine Billaut

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L'alimentation intuitive - La méthode anti-régime

Evelyn Tribole, Elyse Resch, Delphine Billaut

Nb. de pages: 496

Format: Pdf, ePub, MOBI, FB2

ISBN: 9791028528287

Editeur: Leduc

Date de parution: 2023

 

 

 

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Overview

Et si on vous disait que la meilleure façon d'équilibrer son alimentation, c'est de manger sans restriction ? Bâtie sur le constat de l'échec général des régimes et de leur impact délétère, l'alimentation intuitive entend s'affranchir des diktats et se réapproprier les règles du jeu. Pour retrouver un rapport sain avec la nourriture, découvrez dans l'ouvrage fondateur de ce mouvement révolutionnaire comment : vous détacher des critères extérieurs que sont par exemple les calories ou la taille des portions ; vous reconnecter à votre instinct et écouter les signaux de votre corps ; sortir du cercle infernal des régimes ; faire la paix avec vous-même et renouer avec le plaisir de manger.
Tissue-specific and mosaic imprinting defects underlie opposite congenital growth disorders in mice
Creators: name: Sparago, A.
name: Riccio, A.
name: Colucci-D'Amato, L.
name: Thorvaldsen, J.L.
name: Di Nucci, D.
name: Bartolomei, M.S.
name: Valente, F.M.
name: Oneglia, A.
name: Freschi, A.
name: Hur, S.K.
name: Ideraabdullah, F.Y.
name: Gentile, M.T.
name: Cerrato, F.
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2018

description: Differential DNA methylation defects of H19/IGF2 are associated with congenital growth disorders characterized by opposite clinical pictures. Due to structural differences between human and mouse, the mechanisms by which mutations of the H19/IGF2 Imprinting Control region (IC1) result in these diseases are undefined. To address this issue, we previously generated a mouse line carrying a humanized IC1 (hIC1) and now replaced the wildtype with a mutant IC1 identified in the overgrowth-associated Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. The new humanized mouse line shows pre/post-natal overgrowth on maternal transmission and pre/post-natal undergrowth on paternal transmission of the mutation. The mutant hIC1 acquires abnormal methylation during development causing opposite H19/Igf2 imprinting defects on maternal and paternal chromosomes. Differential and possibly mosaic Igf2 expression and imprinting is associated with asymmetric growth of bilateral organs. Furthermore, tissue-specific imprinting defects result in deficient liver- and placenta-derived Igf2 on paternal transmission and excessive Igf2 in peripheral tissues on maternal transmission, providing a possible molecular explanation for imprinting-associated and phenotypically contrasting growth disorders.