cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Railroad trespassing detection and analysis using video analytics
Creators: name: Zaman, Asim F.
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Trespassing is the leading cause of rail-related deaths and has been on the rise for the past ten years.  Detection of trespassing of railroad tracks is critical to understand and prevent trespassing fatalities.  The volume of video data in the railroad industry has increased significantly in recent years.  Surveillance cameras are situated on nearly every part of the railroad system such as inside the cab, along the track, at grade crossings, and in stations.  These camera systems are manually monitored; either live or subsequently reviewed in an archive, which requires an immense amount of labor.  To make the video analysis much less labor-intensive, this thesis develops two frameworks for utilizing Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies for the extraction of useful information from these big video datasets.The first framework has been implemented on video data from one grade crossing in New Jersey. The AI algorithm can automatically detect unsafe trespassing of railroad tracks. To date, the AI algorithm has analyzed hours of video data and correctly detected all trespassing events.  The algorithm was presented to industry professionals and useful feedback was gathered suggesting several improvements to meet the needs of the railroad industry.  This feedback led to the development of the second framework with new capabilities, and an expanded scope of video data reviewed. The second framework was implemented on three railroad video live streams, a grade crossing and two non-grade crossings, in the United States.  This AI algorithm automatically detects trespassing events, differentiates between the type of violator (car, motorcycle, truck, pedestrian etc.) and sends an alert text message to a designated destination with important information including a video clip of the trespassing event.  In this study, the AI has analyzed hours of live footage with no false positives or missed detections.  This thesis indicates the promise of using AI for automated analysis of railroad big video data, thereby supporting data-driven railroad safety research. This thesis, and its sequent studies, aim to provide the railroad industry with next-generation big data analysis methods and tools for quickly and reliably processing large volumes of video data to better understand human factors in railroad safety research.
Longitudinal Assessment of Reference Quality on Wikipedia
Creators: name: Baigutanova, Aitolkyn
name: Myung, Jaehyeon
name: Saez-Trumper, Diego
name: Chou, Ai-Jou
name: Redi, Miriam
name: Jung, Changwook
name: Cha, Meeyoung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wikipedia plays a crucial role in the integrity of the Web. This work analyzes the reliability of this global encyclopedia through the lens of its references. We operationalize the notion of reference quality by defining reference need (RN), i.e., the percentage of sentences missing a citation, and reference risk (RR), i.e., the proportion of non-authoritative references. We release Citation Detective, a tool for automatically calculating the RN score, and discover that the RN score has dropped by 20 percent point in the last decade, with more than half of verifiable statements now accompanying references. The RR score has remained below 1% over the years as a result of the efforts of the community to eliminate unreliable references. We propose pairing novice and experienced editors on the same Wikipedia article as a strategy to enhance reference quality. Our quasi-experiment indicates that such a co-editing experience can result in a lasting advantage in identifying unreliable sources in future edits. As Wikipedia is frequently used as the ground truth for numerous Web applications, our findings and suggestions on its reliability can have a far-reaching impact. We discuss the possibility of other Web services adopting Wiki-style user collaboration to eliminate unreliable content.
description: Published at the Web Conference 2023 (WWW '23)
Heavy gravitino, naturalness, and sizable anomaly mediation
Creators: name: Maekawa, Nobuhiro
name: Takayama, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the situation in which $m_{3/2}\sim O(100{\rm TeV})$ for solving the gravitino problem and the other supersymmetry(SUSY) breaking parameters are $O(1{\rm TeV})$ for the naturalness. We point out that the anomaly mediation cancels out the renormalization group contribution to the gaugino masses and the sfermion masses other than the stop masses at a scale which is called the mirage scale. The situation is similar to the mirage mediation, in which special boundary conditions for the SUSY breaking parameters are required, though for the stop masses and the up-type Higgs mass, such cancellation at the mirage scale does not happen. Despite no cancellation for the up-type Higgs mass, we show that the little hierarchy problem becomes less severe in this situation. One advantage of this situation over the mirage mediation is that the stop mixing parameter $A_t$ can be larger and therefore, smaller stop mass is sufficient for 125 GeV Higgs. When the mirage scale is around TeV scale, the SUSY breaking parameters induced by the gravity mediation at the grand unification scale can be observed directly by the TeV scale experiments.
description: 17pages, 5 figures, v2:gluino constraints are added
Lie reductions and exact solutions of dispersionless Nizhnik equation
Creators: name: Vinnichenko, Oleksandra O.
name: Boyko, Vyacheslav M.
name: Popovych, Roman O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B06 (Primary) 17B80, 35C05, 35C06, 35A30 (Secondary)

description: We exhaustively classify the Lie reductions of the real dispersionless Nizhnik equation to partial differential equations in two independent variables and to ordinary differential equations. Lie and point symmetries of reduced equations are comprehensively studied, including the analysis of which of them correspond to hidden symmetries of the original equation. If necessary, associated Lie reductions of a nonlinear Lax representation of the dispersionless Nizhnik equation are carried out as well. As a result, we construct wide families of new invariant solutions of this equation in explicit form in terms of elementary, Lambert and hypergeometric functions as well as in parametric or implicit form. We show that Lie reductions to algebraic equations lead to no new solutions of this equation in addition to the constructed ones. Multiplicative separation of variables is used for illustrative construction of non-invariant solutions.
description: extended version, 43 pages, 1 table, application of results of arXiv:2211.09759
Correlation weights of our three datasets
Creators: name: Luo Hao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: These three compressed files include the results obtained by the three datasets of Helmet, Pascal VOC, and Tomato on different models, which contain weight files, result.csv files, etc. The cbam folder and se folder are for comparative experiments added to the CA attention mechanism, which include comparative experiments on three datasets respectively.
Gender Differences in Honesty: Groups Versus Individuals
Creators: name: Roider, Andreas
name: Mühlheusser, Gerd
name: Wallmeier, Niklas
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: unethical behavior, lying, group decisions, gender effects, experiment
subject: 330 Wirtschaft
subject: C91
subject: C92
subject: J16

description: Extending the die rolling experiment of Fischbacher and Föllmi-Heusi (2013), we compare gender effects with respect to unethical behavior by individuals and by two-person groups. In contrast to individual decisions, gender matters strongly under group decisions. We find more lying in male groups and mixed groups than in female groups.
Observation of suppression of light scattering induced by dipole-dipole interactions in a cold atomic ensemble
Creators: name: Pellegrino, J.
name: Bourgain, R.
name: Jennewein, S.
name: Sortais, Y. R. P.
name: Jenkins, S. D.
name: Ruostekoski, J.
name: Browaeys, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the emergence of collective scattering in the presence of dipole-dipole interactions when we illuminate a cold cloud of rubidium atoms with a near-resonant and weak intensity laser. The size of the atomic sample is comparable to the wavelength of light. When we gradually increase the atom number from 1 to 450, we observe a broadening of the line, a small red shift and, consistently with these, a strong suppression of the scattered light with respect to the noninteracting atom case. Numerical simulations, which include the internal atomic level structure, agree with the data.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
CasCIFF: A Cross-Domain Information Fusion Framework Tailored for Cascade Prediction in Social Networks
Creators: name: Zhu, Hongjun
name: Yuan, Shun
name: Liu, Xin
name: Chen, Kuo
name: Jia, Chaolong
name: Qian, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing approaches for information cascade prediction fall into three main categories: feature-driven methods, point process-based methods, and deep learning-based methods. Among them, deep learning-based methods, characterized by its superior learning and representation capabilities, mitigates the shortcomings inherent of the other methods. However, current deep learning methods still face several persistent challenges. In particular, accurate representation of user attributes remains problematic due to factors such as fake followers and complex network configurations. Previous algorithms that focus on the sequential order of user activations often neglect the rich insights offered by activation timing. Furthermore, these techniques often fail to holistically integrate temporal and structural aspects, thus missing the nuanced propagation trends inherent in information cascades.To address these issues, we propose the Cross-Domain Information Fusion Framework (CasCIFF), which is tailored for information cascade prediction. This framework exploits multi-hop neighborhood information to make user embeddings robust. When embedding cascades, the framework intentionally incorporates timestamps, endowing it with the ability to capture evolving patterns of information diffusion. In particular, the CasCIFF seamlessly integrates the tasks of user classification and cascade prediction into a consolidated framework, thereby allowing the extraction of common features that prove useful for all tasks, a strategy anchored in the principles of multi-task learning.
Molecular detection and antimicrobial activity of Endophytic fungi isolated from a medical plant Rosmarinus officinalis
Creators: name: Abdulhadi, Shimal Yonuis
name: Hasan, Ghazwan Qasim
name: Gergees, Raghad Nawaf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Endophytes are tiny organisms present in living tissues of distinct plants and have been extensively studied for their endophytic microbial complement. Roots of Rosmarinus officinalis were subjected to the isolation of endophytic fungi and screened for antimicrobial activity against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and Gram-negative (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae) bacteria. Genomic DNA from active fungal strain of Trichoderma harzianum was isolated, and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region was amplified using ITS4 and ITS5 primers and sequenced for genetic inference in fungus. The crude extract of T. harzianum isolate with Ethyl acetate was showed significant antimicrobial activity against P. aeruginosa, S. aureus, K. pneumonia, B. subtilis and E. coli. The antimicrobial activity was highest against P. aeruginosa at concentration of 40 microgram/ ml, followed by S. aureus and K. pneumonia at the same concentration. The lowest antimicrobial activity was against by S. aureus at concentration of 60 microgram/ ml. The current study is confirmed that the antimicrobial activity is due to bioactive compounds founded in endophytic fungi.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, September 2020 Vol. 23 Issue 13B
Advanced X-ray Characterization Techniques to Improve the Stability of Dehydrogenation Catalysts
Creators: name: Dean, David P
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Reaction engineering (excl. nuclear reactions)

description: Dehydrogenation is a common reaction used to upgrade paraffins to olefins in the chemical and oil industries. Given the increased abundance of inexpensive alkanes due to the worldwide shale gas boom, this reaction has become increasingly important. Conventional industrial techniques such as thermal cracking and steam cracking have relatively poor olefin selectivity and thus require energy-intensive separations. Industry is increasingly relying on catalytic dehydrogenation as a more environmentally friendly alternative to generate olefins. While recent development in catalyst materials has largely solved issues with activity and selectivity, issues with catalyst stability remain. Deactivation mechanisms such as coke formation and phase changes plague the short-term and long-term stability of these catalysts, often requiring frequent and intensive regeneration procedures. This thesis will explore several strategies for mitigating the deactivation of dehydrogenation catalysts. This includes the modification of catalyst properties and reaction conditions, such as the catalyst support and the use of H2, to mitigate coke formation and even regenerate catalyst materials non-oxidatively, thus increasing the catalyst lifetime. Secondly, this thesis will cover the discovery of new catalyst materials through computational predictions based on descriptors assessed from several previous works. Experimental validation of these predictions led to the discovery of several new Rh and Ir based alloy materials that are remarkably selective and stable for propane dehydrogenation (PDH). Lastly, the contribution of electronic structure of PDH catalysts will be assessed using a new characterization technique that will help relate catalyst properties to catalyst performance and stability. Several advanced X-ray synchrotron techniques have assisted the analysis and discovery of catalyst materials in this work. Particularly, this includes difference-EXAFS to assess the surface structure of alloy catalyst materials as well as the newly-developed non-resonant X-ray emission spectroscopy (NR-XES) to assess the electronic structure of the 5d valence band for Pt catalyst materials. To extend this work further, the goal is to apply this new technique to additional catalyst materials, such as Pt alloys or single site Pt supported on CeOx, in order to measure the effect of different adsorbates on the electronic structure of the Pt catalyst. This will help derive fundamental insights to drive the development of the next generation of stable dehydrogenation catalyst materials.
Effects of water stress on food security and socio-economic development
Creators: name: Suárez-Varela, Marta
name: Esteve, Paloma
name: Blanco-Gutiérrez, Irene
name: Varela-Ortega, Consuelo
name: Boubakri, Najib
name: Choukr-Allah, Redouane
name: Mansir, Imane
name: , Food
name: Faculty Of Sciences Of Tunis-University Of Tunis El Manar, UTM
name: Stichting Wageningen Research, WER
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2019
Subjects: ING-IND/25 Impianti chimici

description: This deliverable of MADFORWATER project, D1.3 “Effects of water stress on food security and socio-economic development”, presents an econometric modeling approach developed to assess the effects of different dimensions of water stress and vulnerability on selected indicators for food security and socio-economic development in three Mediterranean African Countries (MACs): Egypt, Morocco and Tunisia
Analytical Models of Exoplanetary Atmospheres. II. Radiative Transfer via the Two-stream Approximation
Creators: name: Heng, Kevin
name: Mendonça, João M.
name: Lee, Jae-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analytical study of radiative transfer using the method of moments and include the effects of non-isotropic scattering in the coherent limit. Within this unified formalism, we derive the governing equations and solutions describing two-stream radiative transfer (which approximates the passage of radiation as a pair of outgoing and incoming fluxes), flux-limited diffusion (which describes radiative transfer in the deep interior) and solutions for the temperature-pressure profiles. Generally, the problem is mathematically under-determined unless a set of closures (Eddington coefficients) is specified. We demonstrate that the hemispheric (or hemi-isotropic) closure naturally derives from the radiative transfer equation if energy conservation is obeyed, while the Eddington closure produces spurious enhancements of both reflected light and thermal emission. We concoct recipes for implementing two-stream radiative transfer in stand-alone numerical calculations and general circulation models. We use our two-stream solutions to construct toy models of the runaway greenhouse effect. We present a new solution for temperature-pressure profiles with a non-constant optical opacity and elucidate the effects of non-isotropic scattering in the optical and infrared. We derive generalized expressions for the spherical and Bond albedos and the photon deposition depth. We demonstrate that the value of the optical depth corresponding to the photosphere is not always 2/3 (Milne's solution) and depends on a combination of stellar irradiation, internal heat and the properties of scattering both in optical and infrared. Finally, we derive generalized expressions for the total, net, outgoing and incoming fluxes in the convective regime.
description: Accepted by ApJS. 23 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, 158 equations. No change from previous version except for title (to match ApJS convention)
Efficient Long-Range Entanglement using Dynamic Circuits
Creators: name: Bäumer, Elisa
name: Tripathi, Vinay
name: Wang, Derek S.
name: Rall, Patrick
name: Chen, Edward H.
name: Majumder, Swarnadeep
name: Seif, Alireza
name: Minev, Zlatko K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum simulation traditionally relies on unitary dynamics, inherently imposing efficiency constraints on the generation of intricate entangled states. In principle, these limitations can be superseded by non-unitary, dynamic circuits. These circuits exploit measurements alongside conditional feed-forward operations, providing a promising approach for long-range entangling gates, higher effective connectivity of near-term hardware, and more efficient state preparations. Here, we explore the utility of shallow dynamic circuits for creating long-range entanglement on large-scale quantum devices. Specifically, we study two tasks: CNOT gate teleportation between up to 101 qubits by feeding forward 99 mid-circuit measurement outcomes, and the preparation of Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) states with genuine entanglement. In the former, we observe that dynamic circuits can outperform their unitary counterparts. In the latter, by tallying instructions of compiled quantum circuits, we provide an error budget detailing the obstacles that must be addressed to unlock the full potential of dynamic circuits. Looking forward, we expect dynamic circuits to be useful for generating long-range entanglement in the near term on large-scale quantum devices.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures (main text) + 11 pages, 6 figures (appendix)
Из најновије македонске ономастичке продукције
Creators: name: Радић, Првослав
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2000
Subjects: ономастика
македонски језик
приказ

description: Последњих година млада македонска ономастичка наука доживљава изразит успон. Организован и системски рад на ономастичким темама
 део је активности низа македонских научних установа. Посебно место
 међу њима заузимај у Македонска академија наука и уметности и Институт за македонски језик „ Крсте Мисирков" , са својим Одељењем за ономастику.
Noncommutative tensor triangular geometry: classification via noetherian spectra
Creators: name: Rowe, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G80 (Primary) 18M05 (Secondary)

description: Given a monoidal triangulated category $T$ with noetherian spectrum, we show that there is an order preserving bijection between the collection of all Thomason subsets of the non-commutative spectrum $\mathrm{Spc}(T)$ and the collection of all thick two-sided semiprime ideals of $T$. This provides an alternative to the hypotheses of Nakano, Vashaw and Yakimov, as well as the recent approach via completely prime ideals of Mallick and Ray. By assuming the spectrum is noetherian, we show that it is indeed a spectral space, and that it is universal among all such spaces classifying the ideals in question.
description: 15 pages
Effective Pseudo-Labeling based on Heatmap for Unsupervised Domain Adaptation in Cell Detection
Creators: name: Cho, Hyeonwoo
name: Nishimura, Kazuya
name: Watanabe, Kazuhide
name: Bise, Ryoma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cell detection is an important task in biomedical research. Recently, deep learning methods have made it possible to improve the performance of cell detection. However, a detection network trained with training data under a specific condition (source domain) may not work well on data under other conditions (target domains), which is called the domain shift problem. In particular, cells are cultured under different conditions depending on the purpose of the research. Characteristics, e.g., the shapes and density of the cells, change depending on the conditions, and such changes may cause domain shift problems. Here, we propose an unsupervised domain adaptation method for cell detection using a pseudo-cell-position heatmap, where the cell centroid is at the peak of a Gaussian distribution in the map and selective pseudo-labeling. In the prediction result for the target domain, even if the peak location is correct, the signal distribution around the peak often has a non-Gaussian shape. The pseudo-cell-position heatmap is thus re-generated using the peak positions in the predicted heatmap to have a clear Gaussian shape. Our method selects confident pseudo-cell-position heatmaps based on uncertainty and curriculum learning. We conducted numerous experiments showing that, compared with the existing methods, our method improved detection performance under different conditions.
description: 16 pages, 18 figures, Accepted in Medical Image Analysis 2022
Sharing proofs with predicative theories through universe-polymorphic elaboration
Creators: name: Felicissimo, Thiago
name: Blanqui, Frédéric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As the development of formal proofs is a time-consuming task, it is important to devise ways of sharing the already written proofs to prevent wasting time redoing them. One of the challenges in this domain is to translate proofs written in proof assistants based on impredicative logics to proof assistants based on predicative logics, whenever impredicativity is not used in an essential way. In this paper we present a transformation for sharing proofs with a core predicative system supporting prenex universe polymorphism. It consists in trying to elaborate each term into a predicative universe-polymorphic term as general as possible. The use of universe polymorphism is justified by the fact that mapping each universe to a fixed one in the target theory is not sufficient in most cases. During the elaboration, we need to solve unification problems in the equational theory of universe levels. In order to do this, we give a complete characterization of when a single equation admits a most general unifier. This characterization is then employed in a partial algorithm which uses a constraint-postponement strategy for trying to solve unification problems. The proposed translation is of course partial, but in practice allows one to translate many proofs that do not use impredicativity in an essential way. Indeed, it was implemented in the tool Predicativize and then used to translate semi-automatically many non-trivial developments from Matita's library to Agda, including proofs of Bertrand's Postulate and Fermat's Little Theorem, which (as far as we know) were not available in Agda yet.
Filling constraints on translation invariant dipole conserving systems
Creators: name: Burnell, Fiona J.
name: Moudgalya, Sanjay
name: Prem, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems with conserved dipole moment have drawn considerable interest in light of their realization in recent experiments on tilted optical lattices. An important question for such systems is delineating the conditions under which they admit a unique gapped ground state that is consistent with all symmetries. Here, we study one-dimensional translation-invariant lattices that conserve U(1) charge and $\mathbb{Z}_L$ dipole moment, where discreteness of the dipole symmetry is enforced by periodic boundary conditions, with $L$ the system size. We show that in these systems, a symmetric, gapped, and non-degenerate ground state requires not only integer charge filling, but also a fixed value of the dipole filling, while other fractional dipole fillings enforce either a gapless or symmetry-breaking ground state. In contrast with prior results in the literature, we find that the dipole filling constraint depends both on the charge filling as well as the system size, emphasizing the subtle interplay of dipole symmetry with boundary conditions. We support our results with numerical simulations and exact results.
description: 5 pages + 11 pages. v2: Minor edits and added constraints for discrete charge and dipole conserving systems
Arrancamos a transformarnos hacia la Ciencia Abierta junto con la NASA: ¡10 puntos!
Creators: name: MetaDocencia Team
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ciencia Abierta
NASA
TOPS
Formación
Cohortes

description: Junto a OLS, 2i2c y con el apoyo de la NASA, nos sumamos a la iniciativa de transformar la ciencia y la técnica a prácticas abiertas. ¿Cómo lo conseguimos? ¿Qué representa? ¿Cómo lo haremos? ¿Qué alcance e impacto esperamos que tenga? Te contamos más en este blog post.
Toward Immersive Communications in 6G
Creators: name: Shen, Xuemin
name: Gao, Jie
name: Li, Mushu
name: Zhou, Conghao
name: Hu, Shisheng
name: He, Mingcheng
name: Zhuang, Weihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The sixth generation (6G) networks are expected to enable immersive communications and bridge the physical and the virtual worlds. Integrating extended reality, holography, and haptics, immersive communications will revolutionize how people work, entertain, and communicate by enabling lifelike interactions. However, the unprecedented demand for data transmission rate and the stringent requirements on latency and reliability create challenges for 6G networks to support immersive communications. In this survey article, we present the prospect of immersive communications and investigate emerging solutions to the corresponding challenges for 6G. First, we introduce use cases of immersive communications, in the fields of entertainment, education, and healthcare. Second, we present the concepts of immersive communications, including extended reality, haptic communication, and holographic communication, their basic implementation procedures, and their requirements on networks in terms of transmission rate, latency, and reliability. Third, we summarize the potential solutions to addressing the challenges from the aspects of communication, computing, and networking. Finally, we discuss future research directions and conclude this study.
description: 29 pages, 8 Figures, published by Frontiers of Computer Science
Quantum Information-Assisted Complete Active Space Optimization (QICAS)
Creators: name: Ding, Lexin
name: Knecht, Stefan
name: Schilling, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Automated active space selection is arguably one of the most challenging and essential aspects of multiconfigurational methods. In this work we propose an effective quantum information-assisted complete active space optimization (QICAS) scheme. What sets QICAS apart from other correlation-based selection schemes is (i) the use of unique measures from quantum information that assess the correlation in electronic structures in an unambiguous and predictive manner, and (ii) an orbital optimization step that minimizes the correlation discarded by the active space approximation. Equipped with these features QICAS yields for smaller correlated molecules sets of optimized orbitals with respect to which the CASCI energy reaches the corresponding CASSCF energy within chemical accuracy. For more challenging systems such as the Chromium dimer, QICAS offers an excellent starting point for CASSCF by greatly reducing the number of iterations required for numerical convergence. Accordingly, our study validates a profound empirical conjecture: the energetically optimal non-active spaces are predominantly those that contain the least entanglement.
description: Close to published version
Light third-generation squarks from flavour gauge messengers
Creators: name: Brümmer, Felix
name: McGarrie, Moritz
name: Weiler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study models of gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking with a gauged horizontal SU(3)_F symmetry acting on the quark superfields. If SU(3)_F is broken non-supersymmetrically by F-term vacuum expectation values, the massive gauge bosons and gauginos become messengers for SUSY breaking mediation. These gauge messenger fields induce a flavour-dependent, negative contribution to the soft masses of the squarks at one loop. In combination with the soft terms from standard gauge mediation, one obtains large and degenerate first- and second-generation squark masses, while the stops and sbottoms are light. We discuss the implications of this mechanism for the superparticle spectrum and for flavour precision observables. We also provide an explicit realization in a model with simultaneous SUSY and SU(3)_F breaking.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Fate of Quadratic Band Crossing under quasiperiodic modulation
Creators: name: Liquito, Raul
name: Gonçalves, Miguel
name: Castro, Eduardo V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the fate of two-dimensional quadratic band crossing topological phases under a one-dimensional quasiperiodic modulation. By employing numerically exact methods, we fully characterize the phase diagram of the model in terms of spectral, localization and topological properties. Unlike in the presence of regular disorder, the quadratic band crossing is stable towards the application of the quasiperiodic potential and most of the topological phase transitions occur through a gap closing and reopening mechanism, as in the homogeneous case. With a sufficiently strong quasiperiodic potential, the quadratic band crossing point splits into Dirac cones which enables transitions into gapped phases with Chern numbers $C=\pm1$, absent in the homogeneous limit. This is in sharp contrast with the disordered case, where gapless $C=\pm1$ phases can arise by perturbing the band crossing with any amount of disorder. In the quasiperiodic case, we find that the $C=\pm1$ phases can only become gapless for a very strong potential. Only in this regime, the subsequent quasiperiodic-induced topological transitions into the trivial phase mirror the well-known ``levitation and annihilation'' mechanism in the disordered case.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Едвард Станкјевич (Edward Stankiewicz) : (1920–2013)
Creators: name: Радић, Првослав
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Станкјевич, Едвард
IN MEMORIAM
славистика

description: Име Едварда Станкјевича везано је у научном свету за пасионираног
 истраживача словенске лингвистике и културе. Рођен је у Варшави (Пољска), у јеврејској породици, и игром случаја избегао је страхоте које су у Другом светском рату задесиле његову породицу, многе његове сународнике и многе народе. Неколико година после рата емигрирао је у САД.
Explaining the Spectra of Cosmic Ray Groups above the Knee by Escape from the Galaxy
Creators: name: Giacinti, G.
name: Kachelriess, M.
name: Semikoz, D. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility that the cosmic ray (CR) knee is entirely explained by the energy-dependent CR leakage from the Milky Way. We test this hypothesis calculating the trajectories of individual CRs with energies between $E/Z=10^{14}$ eV and $10^{17}$ eV propagating them in the regular and turbulent Galactic magnetic field. We find a knee-like structure of the CR escape time $τ_{\rm esc}(E)$ around $E/Z={\rm few}\times 10^{15}$ eV for a coherence length $l_{\rm c} \simeq 2$ pc of the turbulent field, while the decrease of $τ_{\rm esc}(E)$ slows down around $E/Z\simeq 10^{16}$ eV in models with a weak turbulent magnetic field. Assuming that the injection spectra of CR nuclei are power-laws, the resulting CR intensities in such a turbulence are consistent with the energy spectra of CR nuclei determined by KASCADE and KASCADE-Grande. We calculate the resulting CR dipole anisotropy as well as the source rate in this model.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; v2: added comparisons with energy spectra of KASCADE (Grande), to be published
M3AE: Multimodal Representation Learning for Brain Tumor Segmentation with Missing Modalities
Creators: name: Liu, Hong
name: Wei, Dong
name: Lu, Donghuan
name: Sun, Jinghan
name: Wang, Liansheng
name: Zheng, Yefeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimodal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides complementary information for sub-region analysis of brain tumors. Plenty of methods have been proposed for automatic brain tumor segmentation using four common MRI modalities and achieved remarkable performance. In practice, however, it is common to have one or more modalities missing due to image corruption, artifacts, acquisition protocols, allergy to contrast agents, or simply cost. In this work, we propose a novel two-stage framework for brain tumor segmentation with missing modalities. In the first stage, a multimodal masked autoencoder (M3AE) is proposed, where both random modalities (i.e., modality dropout) and random patches of the remaining modalities are masked for a reconstruction task, for self-supervised learning of robust multimodal representations against missing modalities. To this end, we name our framework M3AE. Meanwhile, we employ model inversion to optimize a representative full-modal image at marginal extra cost, which will be used to substitute for the missing modalities and boost performance during inference. Then in the second stage, a memory-efficient self distillation is proposed to distill knowledge between heterogenous missing-modal situations while fine-tuning the model for supervised segmentation. Our M3AE belongs to the 'catch-all' genre where a single model can be applied to all possible subsets of modalities, thus is economic for both training and deployment. Extensive experiments on BraTS 2018 and 2020 datasets demonstrate its superior performance to existing state-of-the-art methods with missing modalities, as well as the efficacy of its components. Our code is available at: https://github.com/ccarliu/m3ae.
Quantum quench in the sine-Gordon model
Creators: name: Bertini, Bruno
name: Schuricht, Dirk
name: Essler, Fabian H. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the time evolution in the repulsive sine-Gordon quantum field theory after the system is prepared in a particular class of initial states. We focus on the time dependence of the one-point function of the semi-local operator $\exp\big(i\ β\ Φ(x)/2\big)$. By using two different methods based on form-factor expansions, we show that this expectation value decays to zero exponentially, and we determine the decay rate by analytical means. Our methods generalise to other correlation functions and integrable models.
description: 41 pages, 1 figure, some typos corrected
Radiation Hardness and Defects Activity in PEA2PbBr4 Single Crystals
Creators: name: Ciavatti, Andrea
name: Foderà, Vito
name: Armaroli, Giovanni
name: Maserati, Lorenzo
name: Fraboni, Beatrice
name: Cavalcoli, Daniela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metal halide perovskites (MHPs) are low-temperature processable hybrid semiconductor materials with exceptional performances that are revolutionizing the field of optoelectronic devices. Despite their great potential, commercial deployment is hindered by MHPs lack of stability and durability, mainly attributed to ions migration and chemical interactions with the device electrodes. To address these issues, 2D layered MHPs have been investigated as possible device interlayers or active material substitutes to reduce ion migration and improve stability. Here we consider the 2D perovskite PEA2PbBr4 that was recently discussed as very promising candidate for X-ray direct detection. While the increased resilience of PEA2PbBr4 detectors have already been reported, the physical mechanisms responsible for such improvement compared to the standard "3D" perovskites are not still fully understood. To unravel the charge transport process in PEA2PbBr4 crystals thought to underly the device better performance, we adapted an investigation technique previously used on highly resistive inorganic semiconductors, called photo induced current transient spectroscopy (PICTS). We demonstrate that PICTS can detect three distinct trap states (T1, T2, and T3) with different activation energies, and that the trap states evolution upon X-ray exposure can explain PEA2PbBr4 superior radiation tolerance and reduced aging effects. Overall, our results provide essential insights into the stability and electrical characteristics of 2D perovskites and their potential application as reliable and direct X-ray detectors.
Feedback of superconducting fluctuations on charge order in the underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Debanjan
name: Sachdev, Subir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metals interacting via short-range antiferromagnetic fluctuations are unstable to sign-changing superconductivity at low temperatures. For the cuprates, this leading instability leads to the well known $d-$wave superconducting state. However, there is also a secondary instability to an incommensurate charge density wave, with a predominantly $d-$wave form factor, arising from the same antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Recent experiments in the pseudogap regime of the hole-doped cuprates have found strong evidence for such a charge density wave order and, in particular, the predicted $d-$wave form factor. However, the observed wavevector of the charge order differs from the leading instability in Hartree-Fock theory, and is that of a subleading instability. In this paper, we examine the feedback of superconducting fluctuations on these different charge-density wave states, and find that over at least a small temperature window, they prefer the experimentally observed wavevector.
description: 34 pages, 9 figures; (v2) made some textual changes for increased clarity and added references
Divisibility and distribution of $MEX$ related integer partitions of Andrews and Newman
Creators: name: Ray, Chiranjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A17, 11P81, 11P83, 11F11, 11F20, 11F25

description: Andrews and Newman introduced the minimal excludant or ``$mex$'' function for an integer partition $π$ of a positive integer $n$, $mex(π)$, as the smallest positive integer that is not a part of $π$. They defined $σmex(n)$ to be the sum of $mex(π)$ taken over all partitions $π$ of $n$. We prove infinite families of congruence and multiplicative formulas for $σmex(n)$. By restricting to the part of $π$, Andrews and Newman also introduced $moex(π)$ to be the smallest odd integer that is not a part of $π$ and $σmoex(n)$ to be the sum of $moex(π)$ taken over all partitions $π$ of $n$. In this article, we show that for any sufficiently large $X$, the number of all positive integer $n\leq X$ such that $σmoex(n)$ is an even (or odd) number is at least $\mathcal{O}(\log \log X)$.
description: Any kind of feedback are welcome from the author
$R^n$ Extension of Starobinsky Model in Old Minimal Supergravity
Creators: name: Ozkan, Mehmet
name: Pang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a succinct way to construct the supersymmetric completion of $R^n$ $(n\ge3)$ in components using superconformal formulation of old minimal supergravity. As a consequence, we obtain the polynomial $f(R)$ supergravity extending the supersymmetric Starobinsky model to any higher power of $R$. The supersymmetric vacua in polynomial $f(R)$ supergravity are studied. We also present the $R^n$ extended Minimal Volkov-Akulov-Starobinsky Model.
description: 18 pages, new section added on the dual model, typos fixed, references added, version appeared in CQG
Detecting Dark Matter with Imploding Pulsars in the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paucity of old millisecond pulsars observed at the galactic center of the Milky Way could be the result of dark matter accumulating in and destroying neutron stars. In regions of high dark matter density, dark matter clumped in a pulsar can exceed the Schwarzschild limit and collapse into a natal black hole which destroys the pulsar. We examine what dark matter models are consistent with this hypothesis and find regions of parameter space where dark matter accumulation can significantly degrade the neutron star population within the galactic center while remaining consistent with observations of old millisecond pulsars in globular clusters and near the solar position. We identify what dark matter couplings and masses might cause a young pulsar at the galactic center to unexpectedly extinguish. Finally, we find that pulsar collapse age scales inversely with the dark matter density and linearly with the dark matter velocity dispersion. This implies that maximum pulsar age is spatially dependent on position within the dark matter halo of the Milky Way. In turn, this pulsar age spatial dependence will be dark matter model dependent.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, references added to PRL version
On the application of Floquet theorem in development of time-dependent Lindbladians
Creators: name: Szczygielski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S22

description: In this paper, the mathematical framework providing a description of completely positive and trace preserving dynamics of open quantum systems is addressed. Special case of time-dependent Lindbladian governed by periodic Hamiltonian is concerned. It is proven, that appropriate trace preserving dynamical map of such periodically driven system may be constructed by application of Floquet theory. Appropriate Lindbladian and Markovian master equation in weak coupling regime and resulting dynamical map are constructed. Some examples of application of developed technique are given.
description: 21 pages, no figures; final version added