cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Africa's Lagging Demographic Transition: Evidence from Exogenous Impacts of Malaria Ecology and Agricultural Technology
Creators: name: Conley, Dalton
name: McCord, Gordon C.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Malaria
subject: Agricultural innovations
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Public health
subject: Economics

description: Much of Africa has not yet gone through a "demographic transition" to reduced mortality and fertility rates. The fact that the continent's countries remain mired in a Malthusian crisis of high mortality, high fertility, and rapid population growth (with an accompanying state of chronic extreme poverty) has been attributed to many factors ranging from the status of women, pro-natalist policies, poverty itself, and social institutions. There remains, however, a large degree of uncertainty among demographers as to the relative importance of these factors on a comparative or historical basis. Moreover, econometric estimation is complicated by endogeneity among fertility and other variables of interest. We attempt to improve estimation (particularly of the effect of the child mortality variable) by deploying exogenous variation in the ecology of malaria transmission and in agricultural productivity through the staggered introduction of Green Revolution, high-yield seed varieties. Results show that child mortality (proxied by infant mortality) is by far the most important factor among those explaining aggregate total fertility rates, followed by farm productivity. Female literacy (or schooling) and aggregate income do not seem to matter as much, comparatively.
Students resilience
Creators: name: Bello, Jhonattan
Publisher: name: Werklund School of Education
Year: 2021
Subjects: resilience
students resilience
jhonattan bello
storm
resilience drawing

description: This image represents the different adversities that students face especially during COVID as a storm of things that constantly hit them, and some of them feel almost naked to deal with those struggles. Yet, resilience helps them to continue progressing through the storm.
title: Veterans' Associations (Great Britain and Ireland)
title: Veterans' Associations (Great Britain and Ireland)
Creators: name: Hanna, Emma
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Großbritannien
subject: Irland
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Veteran
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Great Britain
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Ireland
subject: Veterans
subject: Societies

description: No British government had ever formed or provided for an army of the size required to honour its military commitments during the Great War. The initial treatment and ongoing support for veterans thus led to unprecedented demands on the government to provide adequate pensions and help to gain employment. The government’s failure to satisfy these requirements led to high levels of dissatisfaction among ex-servicemen who were deeply unhappy with their treatment by the state. This led to the formation of various veterans’ organisations from 1916. In many cases these organisations were at war with each other until they joined forces with the founding of the British Legion in 1921. Receiving a Royal Charter in 1925, the Legion was at the centre of fundraising activities and the developing remembrance rituals of the interwar period. The organisation was then drawn into the political and economic turmoil of the 1920s and 1930s.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Einmal Reha und zurück? : eine inhaltsanalytische Betrachtung (dys)funktionaler Faktoren zur Steigerung der Wirksamkeit der ambulanten psychosomatischen Rehabilitationsnachsorge
Creators: name: Thiel, Carolin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 150

description: Zielsetzung: Zur Festigung erreichter Rehaziele wird Patienten eine ambulante psychosomatische Reha-Nachsorge (ReNa) empfohlen. Als zentrale Fragestellung soll die Qualität der ReNa, sowie die Wirksamkeit eines Therapietagebuchs zur Unterstützung des Genesungsprozesses im Fokus stehen. Methoden: In zwei qualitativen Teilstudien wurden insgesamt 27 Interviews mit Gruppenleitern der ReNa geführt. Die Daten wurden mittels der Qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Ergebnisse: Die Qualität der ReNa wurde insgesamt als gut bewertet. Als größte Optimierungsbedarfe wurden fehlende regionale ReNa-Angebote und ein adäquates Management der Zugangswege genannt. Der begleitende Einsatz eines Therapietagebuchs innerhalb der ReNa kann durch den angestoßenen Selbstreflexionsprozess helfen, den Genesungsprozess wirksam zu unterstützen. Schlussfolgerungen: Durch den Ausbau der ReNa-Angebote und einem optimierten Management der Zugangswege, sowie dem Einsatz eines Therapietagebuchs kann der Genesungsprozess wirksam unterstützt werden.
description: The goal: In order to consolidate the rehabilitation goals achieved, patients are recommended outpatient psychosomatic rehabilitation aftercare (ReNa). The central question will be the quality of ReNa and the effectiveness of a therapy diary to support the recovery process. Methods: In two qualitative sub-studies, a total of 27 interviews were conducted with ReNa group leaders. The data was evaluated using the Qualitative Content Analysis according to Mayring. Results: The quality of ReNa was rated as good. The greatest need for optimisation was the lack of regional ReNa services and adequate management of access routes. The accompanying use of a therapy diary within ReNa can help to effectively support the recovery process through the initiated self-reflection process. Conclusion: Through the expansion of the ReNa services and an optimized management of the access routes, as well as the use of a therapy diary, the recovery process can be effectively supported.
title: Brussels
title: Brussels
Creators: name: Kesteloot, Chantal
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Brüssel
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Brussels (Belgium)

description: The Belgian capital was spared the anguish of combat, but the city suffered four long years of occupation. In fact, it became the most important occupied city during the First World War. For the population, these were times of scarcity, repression, and coercion, but also a certain spirit of resistance.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Design, rekombinante Produktion und Anwendung von Muschelfußprotein und Elastin-ähnlichen Fusionsproteinen
Creators: name: Zwies, Constanze
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 615

description: Protein-basierte Bindemittel stellen eine nachhaltige Alternative zu synthetischen Klebstoffen dar. In dieser Dissertation wurden Proteinkleber für Sandoberflächen (SiO2) untersucht. Die artifiziell designten Proteine (DP) enthalten adhäsive Muschelfußprotein-3 Sequenzen (Mfp) und kohäsive Elastin-ähnliche Sequenzen (ELP). Die Adhäsion der Mfp kann durch Tyrosinase-katalysierte Hydroxylierung Peptid-gebundener Tyrosine zu L-3,4-Dihydroxyphenylalanin (DOPA) verstärkt werden. Im Rahmen der Arbeit wurden eine mikrobielle Tyrosinase aus V. spinosum und die DP rekombinant in E. coli produziert und durch unterschiedliche Verfahren bis zum Gramm-Maßstab aufgearbeitet. Materialwissenschaftliche Versuche bestätigten den positiven Effekt von DOPA auf Proteinadsorption und Klebkraft. Die neu-designten DP zeigten die besten Ergebnisse im Adsorptionsversuch. Im Zug-Scher-Versuch wies das hochgradig hydroxylierte Mefp-3 unabhängig von der getesteten Oberfläche (SiO2, Al) ähnlich starke Zug-Scher-Kräfte wie ein kommerzieller Klebstoff auf.
description: Protein-based adhesives represent a sustainable alternative to synthetic glues. In this PhD thesis, protein adhesives for sand surfaces (SiO2) were investigated. The artificial designer proteins (DP) contain adhesive mussel foot protein-3 sequences (Mfp) and cohesive elastin-like sequences (ELP). Adhesion of Mfp can be enhanced by tyrosinase catalyzed hydroxylation of peptide-bound tyrosines to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA). In this work, a microbial tyrosinase from V. spinosum and the DP were produced recombinantly in E. coli and purified to gram scale by different methods. Material testings confirmed the positive effect of DOPA on protein adsorption and adhesive strength. The artificial DP showed the best results in the adsorption test. In the tensile shear test, the highly hydroxylated Mefp-3 exhibited similar strong tensile shear strength as a commercial glue independent of the tested surface (SiO2, Al).
The International Economics of Transitional Growth -- The Case of the United States
Creators: name: Kotlikoff, Laurence J.
name: Leamer, Edward E.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1981
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
International economic relations

description: This paper develops a general equilibrium two country, two commodity dynamic simulation model of international trade in commodities and financial claims. The model generalizes the Heckscher-Ohlin static theory of trade by incorporating costs of quickly adjusting levels of capital stocks in particular industries; i.e., capital mobility in the short run is permitted, but at a price. The model predicts Heckscher-Ohlin relationships, including factor price equalization, in the long run, but not during the economy's transition path to its ultimate steady-state. An interesting feature of the model is that it provides a determinate solution to the long-run international allocation of the world's capital stock. This is true despite the fact that the Rybchinski theorem holds in the long run. The simulation model of international trade with costly capital stock adjustment appears capable of explaining many features of the patterns of factor price equalization, international investment, and changes in comparative advantage that have characterized the post-war period.
Lanthanides and their complexes for the treatment of bone density disorders
Creators: name: Mawani, Yasmin Jenny
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Lanthanides are of interest in the treatment of bone density disorders because they are found to accumulate preferentially in bone (in vivo), have a stimulatory effect on bone formation, and exhibit an inhibitory effect on bone degradation (in vitro), altering the homeostasis of the bone cycle. In an effort to develop an orally active lanthanide drug, a series of 3-hydroxy-4- pyridinone ligands were synthesized and eight of these ligands (H1 = 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1- (2-hydroxyethyl)-4-pyridinone, H2 = 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(3-hydroxypropyl)-4-pyridinone, H3 = 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(4-hydroxybutyl)-4-pyridinone, H4 = 3-hydroxy-2- methyl-1-(2-hydroxypropyl)-4-pyridinone, H5 = 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(1-hydroxy-3- methylbutan-2-yl)-4-pyridinone, H6 = 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-1-(1-hydroxybutan-2-yl)-4- pyridinone, H8 = 1-carboxymethyl-3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone, H9 = 1-carboxyethyl- 3-hydroxy-2-methyl-4-pyridinone) were coordinated to ³⁺(Ln = La, Eu, Gd, Lu) forming stable tris-ligand complexes (LnL­­₃, L = 1-, 2-, 3-, 4-, 5-, 6-, 8- and 9-). The dissociation (pKan) and metal ligand stability constants (log βn) of the 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinones with La³⁺ and Gd³⁺ were determined by potentiometric titrations, which demonstrated that the 3-hydroxy-4- pyridinones form stable tris-ligand complexes with the lanthanide ions. One phosphinate- EDTA derivative (H₅XT = bis[[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]methyl]phosphinate) was also synthesized and coordinated to Ln³⁺ (Ln = La, Eu, Lu), forming the potassium salt of [Ln(XT)]²-. Lastly, the naturally occurring curcuminoids found in turmeric were separated into the three naturally occurring components (HCurc = (1E,6E)-1-(4-hydroxy-3- methoxyphenyl)-7-(4-hydroxyphenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione, HDMC = (1E,6E)-1,7- bis(4-hydroxy-3-methoxy-phenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione, HBDMC = (1E,6E)-1,7-bis(4- hydroxy-phenyl)hepta-1,6-diene-3,5-dione); HCurc was then coordinated to Ln³⁺ (Ln = Eu, Gd, Yb, Lu), forming Ln(Curc)­­₃ complexes. The free ligands and metal complexes were studied for their in vitro efficacy. Cytotoxicity assays were carried out in MG-63 cells; with the exception of the curcuminoids, all the ligands and metal complexes tested were observed to be non-toxic to this cell line. Further studies to investigate the toxicity, cellular uptake and iii apparent permeability (Papp) of the lanthanide ions were conducted in Caco-2 cells and it was observed that [La(XT)]²- had the greatest cell uptake. Investigation into the binding affinities of free lanthanide ions (Ln = La, Gd and Lu), metal complexes and free 3-hydroxy-4-pyridinones with the bone mineral (HAP) indicate a strong binding affinity of the lanthanide ions for HAP, as well as a moderate to strong interaction of the free ligand with the bone mineral depending on the functional group.
Screening and identification of key genes in imatinib-resistant chronic myelogenous leukemia cells: a bioinformatics study
Creators: name: Zhang, Hong
name: Wang, Peiran
name: Song, Ting
name: Bonnette, Uwituze Laura
name: Zhang, Zhichao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) is one of the most common cancers in the world. Imatinib is one of the most effective therapeutic strategies to inhibit the BCR-ABL tyrosine Kinase in patients with CML, but resistance is increasingly encountered. Microarray data GSE7114, GSE92624 and GSE97562 were downloaded and analyzed from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) to identify the candidate genes in the imatinib-resistant CML cells. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were appraised, and the protein–protein interaction (PPI) network was created by using STRING and Cytoscape. We screened a total of 217 DEGs, including 151 upregulated genes and 66 downregulated genes. The enriched functions and pathways of genes include insulin-like growth factor I binding, cysteine-type endopeptidase inhibitor activity involved in apoptotic process, cell adhesion, positive regulation of nitric oxide biosynthetic process and hematopoietic cell lineage. Nine hub genes were appraised and Gene Ontology enrichment analysis revealed that these genes are mainly enriched in cell cycle, peptidase inhibitor activity and cell division. Several genes such as BIRC5, CCNE2 and MCM4 were identified in survival analysis and these genes alteration are significantly associated with worse overall survival and disease-free survival. These genes have the potential to become surrogate markers for a clinical evaluation of imatinib-resistant CML patients. Our results provide potential target genes for diagnosis and treatment of imatinib-resistant CML patients.
Einfluss einer VEGF-/ Ang2- Inhibition auf die Tumorangiogenese im Modell des kolorektalen Karzinoms
Creators: name: Freystein, Juana
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Ang-2 ist neben VEGF ein wichtiger Wachstumsfaktor zur Gefäßbildung im kolorektalen Karzinom. Studien zeigten, dass eine erhöhte Expression von Ang-2 unter Bevacizumab-Therapie mit einer schlechteren Prognose einhergingen und Resistenzen gegenüber Chemotherapie therapeutische Grenzen darstellen. Ziel der Arbeit ist die Prüfung der Wirksamkeit einer kombinierten Hemmung von VEGF + Ang-2 durch einen neuen bispezifischen CrossMab-Antikörper an HT29-, HT29 FUPW- & DLD1-Xenotransplantaten im Tiermodell der athymischen Nacktmaus mit anschließenden histologischen Analysen. Es erfolgten Untersuchungen zur Metastasierung in der Lunge durch die Fluoreszenzbildgebung. Die Wirksamkeit von CrossMab + Chemotherapie (FOLFIRI) wurde mit dem klinischen Standard (Bevacizumab + FOLFIRI) verglichen. Die CrossMab- bzw. Ang-2-haltige Therapie zeigte sich hoch wirksam und war in Kombination mit FOLFIRI dem klinischen Standard überlegen. Dies stützt Ang-2 als weiteren wichtigen Angriffspunkt in der Therapie.
description: Next to VEGF, Ang-2 is an important growth factor for tumor angiogenesis in metastatic colorectal cancer. Studies have shown that increased expression of Ang-2 among Bevacizumab therapy was associated with a poor prognosis. In addition, resistance to chemotherapy poses therapeutic limitations. The objective of the studys were to verify the efficacy of combined inhibition of VEGF and Ang-2 by a new bispecific CrossMab antibody on HT29-, HT 29 FUPW- & DLD1-xenograft tumors in athymic nude mice with subsequent immunohistochemical analyses. Furthermore a study of metastasis to the lung by fluorescence imaging were performed. The efficacy of CrossMab combined with chemotherapy (FOLFIRI) was compared with the clinical standard (Bevacizumab + FOLFIRI). Therapy containing CrossMab or Ang-2 was shown to be highly effective and superior to the clinical standard when combined with FOLFIRI, supporting Ang-2 as another important target in therapy.
title: Occupation of Luxembourg
title: Occupation of Luxembourg
Creators: name: Seiwerath, Richard
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Luxemburg
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: Luxembourg

description: The violation of Luxembourg’s neutrality started with the invasion on 1 August 1914, with the real occupation beginning on 2 August and lasting until 21 November 1918 when the first Allied troops arrived in Luxembourg.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Bipolaron-SO(5) Non-Fermi Liquid in a Two-channel Anderson Model with Phonon-assisted Hybridizations
Creators: name: Hattori, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze non-Fermi liquid (NFL) properties along a line of critical points in a two-channel Anderson model with phonon-assisted hybridizations. We succeed in identifying hidden nonmagnetic SO(5) degrees of freedom for valence-fluctuation regime and analyze the model on the basis of boundary conformal field theory. We find that the NFL spectra along the critical line, which is the same as those in the two-channel Kondo model, can be alternatively derived by a fusion in the nonmagnetic SO(5) sector. The leading irrelevant operators near the NFL fixed points vary as a function of Coulomb repulsion U; operators in the spin sector dominate for large U, while those in the SO(5) sector do for small U, and we confirm this variation in our numerical renormalization group calculations. As a result, the thermodynamic singularity for small U differs from that of the conventional two-channel Kondo problem. Especially, the impurity contribution to specific heat is proportional to temperature and bipolaron fluctuations, which are coupled electron-phonon fluctuations, diverge logarithmically at low temperatures for small U.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables
Institutions and Geography: Comment on Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2000)
Creators: name: McArthur, John W.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This paper responds to findings by Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson (2000) that suggest weak institutions, but not physical geography and correlates like disease burden, explain current variation in levels of economic development across former colonies. Using similar data and expanding the sample of countries analyzed, our regression analysis shows that both institutions and geographically-related variables such as malaria incidence or life expectancy at birth are strongly linked to gross national product per capita. We argue that the evidence presented in Acemoglu, Johnson and Robinson is likely limited by the inherently small sample of ex-colonies and the limited geographic dispersion of those countries.
Macro-Economic Adjustment with Import Price Shocks: Real and Monetary Aspects
Creators: name: Bruno, Michael
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1979
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: In this paper we explore in detail the various ways by which the introduction of intermediate imports affects the comparative statics and the dynamics of adjustment in an open economy. The importance of integrating the role of intermediate imports into a theory of macro-economic adjustment derives from the particular set of events that have affected the industrial economies in the 1970's -- the unprecedented rise in raw materials prices, in particular the oil price shock, and the concomitant inflation and widespread unemployment. The analysis lays out in detail the separate workings of the commodity labor and exchange rate markets, under various adjustment mechanisms, with the objective of obtaining empirically quantifiable hypotheses. An empirical study based on the present formulation has been prepared by the authors (see Bruno and Sachs (1979)).
Exploring the Perspectives of Hemodialysis Nurses in Supporting Patient Coping and Resilience: An Interpretive Description Study
Creators: name: Ortiz, Mia Maris
Publisher: name: Nursing
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: chronic kidney disease
subject: hemodialysis
subject: nursing
subject: patient coping
subject: patient resilience
subject: Health Care Management
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is on the rise, as is the prevalence of people with end-stage CKD reliant on hemodialysis (HD) treatment. This is concerning as the burden of disease of CKD, especially in conjunction with HD, is substantial. From a literature review, there is a knowledge gap in HD nurses’ perspectives in supporting patient coping and resilience. HD nurses spend the most clinical time with HD patients, in an ideal position to support patient coping and resilience. The initial research question was: “What are HD nurses’ perspectives on supporting patient coping and resilience when caring for CKD patients receiving chronic HD treatment?” The qualitive methodology of Interpretive Description (ID) was used. Recruitment occurred at a provincial level within Alberta Kidney Care. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with HD nurses (Registered Nurses and Licensed Practical Nurses, n = 12) working in HD with >2 years of HD experience. In tandem with ID, Braun and Clarke (2004)’s method of descriptive thematic analysis was used in data analysis and code generation. During data collection, the research question evolved to: “What negotiations in care do HD nurses experience in striving to support patient coping and resilience for CKD patients on chronic HD treatment?” HD nurses experience four types: nursing perspectives <-> patient perspectives; medical care <-> psychological care; professional boundaries <-> therapeutic relationship; and organizational considerations <-> patient-centered care. Overall, moral distress was prevalent among HD nurses’ negotiations in care. Tailored initiatives to alleviate these specific negotiations may help to assuage this moral distress.
Multiple Shooting in Rational Expectations Models
Creators: name: Lipton, David
name: Poterba, James
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
name: Summers, Lawrence
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This note describes an algorithm for the solution of rational expectations models with saddlepoint stability properties. The algorithm is based on the method of multiple shooting, which is widely used to solve mathematically similar problems in the physical sciences. Potential applications to economics include models of capital accumulation and valuation, money arid growth, exchange rate determination, and macroeconomic activity. In general, whenever an asset price incorporates information about the future path of key variables, solution algorithms of the type we consider are applicable.
Cholesteric dislocations in mica wedges
Creators: name: Pieranski, P.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Medicine
Neuroscience
Developmental Biology

description: A large part of the scientific legacy of Maurice Kleman concerns topological defects in liquid crystals. Here, we focus on the very first article of Kleman on liquid crystals coauthored with Jacques Friedel and devoted to linear defects in cholesterics discovered in 1921 by François Grandjean who observed them in wedges made from partially cleaved mica sheets. Kleman and Friedel interpreted the thin (single) and thick (double) Grandjean lines as dislocations with Burgers vectors equal respectively to p/2 (half pitch) or p (whole pitch) and have shown that they are composed of pairs of disclinations that they called τ and λ. We report on a recent work accomplished specifically in memoriam of Maurice Kleman, with the aim to show the beauty of nets of Grandjean lines in wedges made of mica sheets. Using crossed cylindrical sheets, we nucleated in a controlled manner dislocation loops of the two kinds persisting indefinitely independently of the local thickness and of the angle of the wedge. In thin wedges, surprisingly, the double dislocation loops are not smooth but contain one or two cusps corresponding to kinks predicted by Kleman and Friedel. Their presence is a fingerprint of the helicoidal symmetry of cholesterics.
Effects of Star Formation Stochasticity on the Ly-alpha & Lyman Continuum Emission from Dwarf Galaxies during Reionization
Creators: name: Forero-Romero, Jaime E.
name: Dijkstra, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of distant galaxies play a key role in improving our understanding of the Epoch of Reionization (EoR). The observed Ly-alpha emission line strength - quantified by its restframe equivalent width (EW) - provides a valuable diagnostic of stellar populations and dust in galaxies during and after the EoR. In this paper we quantify the effects of star formation stochasticity on the predicted Ly-alpha EW in dwarf galaxies, using the publicly available code SLUG ('Stochastically Light Up Galaxies'). We compute the number of hydrogen ionizing photons, as well as flux in the Far UV for a set of models with star formation rates (SFR) in the range 10-3-1 Msol/yr. From these fluxes we compute the luminosity, L-alpha, and the EW of the Ly-alpha line. We find that stochasticity alone induces a broad distribution in L-alpha and EW at a fixed SFR, and that the widths of these distributions decrease with increasing SFR. We parameterize the EW probability density function (PDF) as an SFR-dependent double power law. We find that it is possible to have EW as low as ~EW0/4 and as high as ~3 times the EW0, where EW0 denotes the expected EW in the absence of stochasticity. We argue that stochasticity may therefore be important when linking drop-out and narrow-band selected galaxies, when identifying population III galaxies, and that it may help to explain the large EW (EW > 100 - 200 A) observed for a fraction of Ly-alpha- selected galaxies. Finally, we show that stochasticity can also affect the inferred escape fraction of ionizing photons from galaxies. In particular, we argue that stochasticity may simultaneously explain the observed anomalous ratios of the Lyman continuum flux density to the (non-ionizing) UV continuum density in so-called Lyman-Bump galaxies at z = 3.1, as well as the absence of such objects among a sample of z = 1.3 drop-out galaxies.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Interactions of exotic particles with ordinary matter
Creators: name: Lazanu, Ionel
name: Lazanu, Sorina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) and strangelets are two classes of "exotic" particles not yet discovered, and in agreement with theoretical scenarios most probably produced in different early stages of evolution of the Universe. Some peculiarities of their energy loss in the electronic and nuclear interactions with ordinary matter are investigated. For the direct detection of WIMPs the signals produced by the stopping of recoils in matter are used for their identification. The influence of the orientation of the recoil in respect to crystal axes for crystalline silicon (as material for detectors) is analysed as average quantities: energy loss, and as transient thermal effects. For strangelets, the mechanisms of picking-up neutrons during their penetration into matter and the effects on electronic and nuclear stopping are considered. The clarification of the aspects related to the stopping of these hypothetical particles in matter will permit a better interpretation of some experimental results and could also contribute to the search for new techniques or materials for their detection, if they exist.
description: updated version, accepted for publication in Nucl. Instr. Meth. Phys. Res. B
Polymer crystallization in ultrathin films at the air-water interface : Kumulative Dissertation
Creators: name: Hasan, Nazmul
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 540

description: The crystallization of various homopolymers and diblock copolymers in ultrathin films was investigated in this thesis. The homopolymers included poly(phosphoester) (PPE) and poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL), while the diblock copolymers were based on poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) and polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane containing methacrylate (MA-POSS) [PEG-b-P(MA-POSS)]. The polymers were dissolved in chloroform and spread on the water surface of a Langmuir trough, then compressed by moving the barriers of the trough after solvent evaporation. The PPE and PCL crystallized during compression at the plateau region of the surface pressure vs. mean area per molecule isotherm. In contrast, the PEG-b-P(MA-POSS) diblock copolymers exhibited two pseudo-plateaus related to multilayer formation and film collapse. Additionally, the collapsed films showed a sinusoidal periodic pattern, known as wrinkles, when subjected to several compressions.
description: In dieser Arbeit wurde die Kristallisation verschiedener Homopolymerer und Diblock-Copolymere in ultradünnen Filmen untersucht. Die Homopolymeren umfassten Poly(phosphoester) (PPE) und Poly(ε-caprolacton) (PCL), während die Diblock-Copolymere auf Polyethylenglykol (PEG) und polyhedralem oligomerem Silsesquioxan mit Methacrylat (MA-POSS) basierten [PEG-b-P(MA-POSS)]. Die Polymere wurden in Chloroform gelöst, auf die Wasseroberfläche eines Langmuir-Trogs aufgebracht und durch Bewegung der Trogbegrenzungen nach Verdunstung des Lösungsmittels komprimiert. Das PPE und PCL kristallisierten während der Kompression im Plateaubereich der Isotherme von Oberflächendruck vs. mittlerer Fläche pro Molekül. Im Gegensatz dazu zeigten die PEG-b-P(MA-POSS) Diblock-Copolymere mit zwei Pseudoplateaus, die mit der Bildung von Mehrschichten und dem Kollaps des Films zusammenhingen. Zusätzlich zeigten die kollabierten Filme ein sinusförmiges periodisches faltenartiges Muster, wenn sie mehreren Kompressionsvorgängen ausgesetzt wurden.
title: Société Suisse de Surveillance Economique (SSS)
title: Société Suisse de Surveillance Economique (SSS)
Creators: name: Weber, Florian
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Schweiz
subject: Wirtschaft
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Switzerland
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Economic aspects

description: The privately organized SSS existed from October 1915 to July 1919 to prevent Swiss companies from forwarding goods and raw materials produced by the Entente to the Central Powers. The SSS grew from an international agreement between the governments of Switzerland, France, Great Britain, Italy, and the United States after December 1917. The surveillance of Swiss foreign trade stopped in July 1919.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Understanding Tribocorrosion of Pipeline Steels: Measuring the Impact of Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid Additives on Material Loss
Creators: name: Yanez Orquera, Edwin David
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: tribocorrosion
subject: corrosion
subject: electrochemistry
subject: lubricant
subject: lubrication
subject: steel
subject: Engineering

description: Hydraulic fracturing operations involve the use of highly pressurized water mixtures that contain solid proppant particles as well as a variety of additives to function as drag reducers, corrosion inhibitors, bactericides, and other related compounds. The term proppant is used to refer to the added solid particles because their purpose is to prop open the fractured rock for hydrocarbon extraction. In the current study, the influence of three of such additives (Dynarate 6524, DWP 621-1, and CalGuard 3100) on the wear of transporting pipelines made of AISI 4715 steel is assessed through tribocorrosion experiments. More specifically, electrochemical measurements have been conducted including, open circuit potential (OCP), linear polarization resistance (LPR), and potentiodynamic polarization. Evaluation of the wear generated in tribocorrosion experiments was accomplished through optical profilometry and scanning probe microscopy. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging has been used to study the surface of the samples after testing. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was also used to construct compositional maps of the elements left on worn surfaces. Finally, a statistical study using response surface methodology (RSM) has been conducted to identify the optimal blend of additives that minimizes wear. With RSM, it was found that all additives mitigate tribocorrosion wear, and that the use of Dynarate alone reduces overall wear the most.
The Changing Cyclical Behavior of Wages and Prices: 1890-1976
Creators: name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1978
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: The persistence of inflation during periods of high unemployment poses the central problem for macroeconomic policy in coming years. The extent of success in reducing both inflation and unemployment will depend strongly on the short-run responsiveness of wage inflation to unemployment and excess capacity. This paper studies changes in the cyclical responsiveness of inflation from 1890-1976, and concludes that a given shortfall in production relative to potential now "buys" a smaller reduction in the rate of inflation than in the past. From 1890-1929, a one percent decline in industrial production reduced inflation about .45%; for 1950-1976, the same output decline is estimated to slow inflation only about .1%. The analysis makes use of two methods to study the changing cyclical behavior of inflation. Following an innovative study by Cagan, calculations are made for wage and price inflation before and after eighteen business cycle peaks. While inflation slows in almost every recession, the declines in inflation in recent years are less pronounced than earlier, even when controlling for business cycle severity. In a second section of the study, econometric evidence is provided that also strongly supports the hypothesis of increasing rigidity of wage and price inflation over the business cycle. In the last section of the paper, some possible reasons are cited for the declining responsiveness of inflation to unemployment. Ironically, successful macroeconomic policy might be in part responsible. To the extent that activist macroeconomic policy breaks the link between current unemployment and expectations of future unemployment, it is argued, unemployment today will not induce wage cuts in contracts for future periods. Also, the tremendous increase in duration and coverage of collective bargaining agreements is suggested as an important force behind the shifting behavior of wages and prices during the period of study.
Embedding Data Stewardship in Geoscience Australia
Creators: name: Bastrakova, I.V.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2013
Subjects: Conference Paper

description: Geoscience Australia (GA) has adopted Data Stewardship as an organisation-wide initiative to improve the way we manage and share our data. Although the theory behind data stewardship is well-defined and accepted and the benefits are generally well-understood, practical implementation requires an organisation to prepare for a long-term commitment of resources, both financial and human. Over the past four years, GA has undertaken strategic activities that prepare us for Data Stewardship. GA is now moving towards Data Stewardship as an operational capability and culture within the Agency.
Faraday effect in graphene enclosed in an optical cavity and the equation of motion method for the study of magneto-optical transport in solids
Creators: name: Ferreira, A.
name: Viana-Gomes, J.
name: Bludov, Yu. V.
name: Pereira, Vitor M.
name: Peres, N. M. R.
name: Neto, A. H. Castro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that by enclosing graphene in an optical cavity, giant Faraday rotations in the infrared regime are generated and measurable Faraday rotation angles in the visible range become possible. Explicit expressions for the Hall steps of the Faraday rotation angle are given for relevant regimes. In the context of this problem we develop an equation of motion (EOM) method for calculation of the magneto-optical properties of metals and semiconductors. It is shown that properly regularized EOM solutions are fully equivalent to the Kubo formula.
description: 27 pages, 19 figures. published version: references and appendixes updated, secs. II and III interchanged
Facilitating stewardship of scientific data through standards based workflows
Creators: name: Bastrakova, I.V.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2013
Subjects: Conference Paper

description: There are three district methodologies that thrive to describe science and scientific processes through their methodologies: Metadata, Sensor Web Enablement (SWE) and Ontology. All three methodologies have to be utilised by the practicing data stewards to provide the whole picture and ensure transparency for scientific processes from the data acquisition to creation of scientific concepts and models.
Transkriptomanalysen Pankreatischer Stellatum Zellen in parakrinen 2D- und 3D-Ko-Kulturen mit Pankreaskarzinomzelllinen
Creators: name: Zourelidis, Anaïs Aurelia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Das duktale Adenokarzinom des Pankreas (PDA) zeichnet sich durch seine hohe Letalität aus. Charakteristisch für das Pankreaskarzinom ist eine ausgeprägte Stromareaktion, wobei Pankreatische Stellatum Zellen (PSC) als Quelle der sogenannten Tumor-assoziierten Fibroblasten dienen. Ziel dieser Arbeit war die Analyse der parakrinen Kommunikation zwischen PSC und PDA-Tumorzellen mithilfe von PSC-Genexpressionsanalysen. Hierfür wurden drei murine in-vitro Ko-Kultur-Modelle, Standard-, Inverse- und 3D-Kultur, mit PSC und PDA-Tumorzelllinien etabliert. Die Änderung der Genexpressionsprofile der PSC ist bereits ab 24 h nachweisbar und intensiviert sich im zeitlichen Verlauf. Insbesondere werden Gene proliferationsfördernder Signalwege und Zytokine in PSC der Ko-Kulturen verstärkt exprimiert. Diese Arbeit zeigt die vielfältigen Reaktionen von PSC in parakriner Ko-Kultur je nach eingesetzter Kulturmethode und beleuchtet das komplexe Wechselspiel von PSC mit PDA-Tumorzellen.
description: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) is highly lethal. A dense hypo vascular desmoplastic stroma is characteristic for PDA. Pancreatic stellate cells (PSC) are believed to be one of the sources of so-called cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF). This study focuses on paracrine communication between PSC and PDA cells via analysing PSC gene expression profiles. Three murine in-vitro co-culture models (standard-, inverse- and 3D-culture) were established, revealing changes in gene expression in PSC as early as 24 h, increasing over time. Proliferation-related signalling pathways and cytokine interactions were notably upregulated in PSC. This study reveals that PSC gene expression changes depend strongly on the used co-culture model and emphasizes the complex interplay between PSC and PDA cells.
Pergalumna sistanbaluchestanica Akrami 2021
Creators: name: Ordouni, Fatemeh
name: Ramroodi, Sara
name: Akrami, Mohammad Ali
name: Rakhshani, Ehsan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Galumnidae
Pergalumna
Pergalumna sistanbaluchestanica

description: Pergalumna sistanbaluchestanica Akrami, 2021
 Material examined – 6♀♀ and 3♂♂, Iran, Sistan and Baluchestan province, Ebrahim-Abad village, Hamoon county (30° 91' 26" N, 61° 43' 87" E, 480 m a.s.l.), orchard fruit trees, Malus sp., Ficus carica L., Ziziphus sp., Elaeagnus sp., and Tamarix sp., 23 March 2019 and 9 June 2019 and Education research farm, Nimrooz county (31° 08' 71.52" N, 61° 43' 47.43" E, 470 m a.s.l.), Tamarix sp., 14 August 2019, leg.: F. Ordouni.
 Zoogeographical distribution – Iran.
description: Published as part of Ordouni, Fatemeh, Ramroodi, Sara, Akrami, Mohammad Ali & Rakhshani, Ehsan, 2023, Oribatid mites (Acari: Oribatida) from southeastern Iran, with supplementary description of Verachthonius cf. laticeps (Brachychthoniidae), pp. 173-188 in Persian Journal of Acarology 12 (2) on page 180, DOI: 10.22073/pja.v12i2.75578, http://zenodo.org/record/10268285
Accumulation and Growth in a Two-Country Model: A Simulation
Creators: name: Lipton, David
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: This paper analyzes saving and capital accumulation in a two-good growth model of two market economies in which economic agents optimize with perfect foresight. The goal is to present a model in which short-run dynamics and the steady-state are soundly integrated. We stress the importance of asset markets as the linkage that transmits disturbances both internationally and intertemporally. While many components of the model described below can be found in the literature on optimal consumption, investment and international growth models, we provide a consistent synthesis. Our framework permits the analysis of structural adjustment in the global economy, and the dynamic effects of a wide range of public policies.
The State of Open Monographs Series
Creators: name: Science, Digital
name: Grimme, Sara
name: Holland, Cathy
name: Watkinson, Charles
name: Taylor, Mike
name: Kemp, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Digital Science
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Library and Information Studies
subject: FOS: Media and communications
subject: 80799 Library and Information Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: 80706 Librarianship

description: Like many colleagues working in scholarly publishing we have seen rapid changes in the industry over the last few years. You can follow our blog series here:
https://www.digital-science.com/tags/openmonographsseries/

Following a discussion on the future of the monograph at the 2018 ALPSP conference we collaborated with thought leaders from the book space to produce a report on The State of Open Monographs. This report was well received by the community, so as a follow up we wanted to continue to explore this specialized, but highly important, type of content with this blog series.

This blog series includes:
Forward Looking Thoughts: Monographs in a Post-COVID World
https://www.digital-science.com/blog/2021/03/monographs-post-covid/
Introduction to The State of Open Monographs 2020
https://www.digital-science.com/blog/news/launching-our-blog-series-on-the-state-of-open-monographs-2020/
Opening Monographs in an Age of COVID-19
https://www.digital-science.com/blog/news/state-of-open-monographs-series-opening-monographs-in-an-age-of-covid-19/

Crossing the Rubicon – The Case for Making Chapters Visible
https://www.digital-science.com/blog/news/state-of-open-monographs-series-making-chapters-visible/
title: Prisoners of War (Belgium and France)
title: Prisoners of War (Belgium and France)
Creators: name: Jones, Heather
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Frankreich
subject: Belgien
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsgefangener
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--France
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Belgium
subject: Prisoners of war

description: During the First World War, France was faced with creating a system of mass captivity for German prisoners of war and German civilian internees, both at home and in its overseas Empire. It largely succeeded in retaining civilian government control over prisoner treatment policies although on the ground the French military had considerable leeway in how they treated captives. In contrast, in Germany, the military had complete control over how French prisoners of war and civilian internees were treated. Belgium, with most of its territory occupied by Germany, faced different challenges in how it managed prisoners of war, while some Flemish Belgian prisoners in Germany experienced favourable treatment compared to their Walloon counterparts due to Germany’s desire to promote a pro-German version of Flemish nationalism.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Energy and Growth Under Flexible Exchange Rates: A Simulation Study
Creators: name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1980
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Power resources

description: This paper offers a theoretical framework for studying the interactions of energy prices and economic growth. The incorporation of energy prices and quantities in a macroeconomic setting focuses on (1) the aggregate technology; (2) the interdependence of energy producers and consumers in the world economy; and (3) the asset markets as the channel through which energy price changes affect output and capital accumulation. While several existing studies consider aspects of these issues, none provides a synthesis. In this analysis, a theoretically sound model of an oil price increase in the world economy is presented, carefully treating topics (1) - (3). The model is solved with computer simulation, as it is far too complex to yield analytical solutions.