Pseudonemesia tabiskey Indicatti &amp; M., 2016, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Indicatti, Rafael Prezzi
name: Osvaldo Villarreal, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Microstigmatidae
Pseudonemesia
Pseudonemesia tabiskey

description: <i>Pseudonemesia tabiskey</i> sp. nov. (Figures 1 <i>–</i> 10, 12) <i>Type material</i> Male holotype (MHNLS II <i>–</i> 490) from La Cristalina, near Boconó, Trujillo, Venezuela, 9° 21'21 <i>“</i> N, 70°19'35 <i>“</i> W, 2510 m above sea level (asl), December 2006 <i>–</i> March 2007, O. Villarreal M., P. Delfín, N. Mendoza and J. Gil coll. Paratypes with the same data as holotype, female and male (MHNLS II <i>–</i> 491); one male (IBSP 115437). <i>Etymology</i> <i>Tabiskey</i> means <i>‘</i> the man with ten feathers <i>’</i>. It is a Cuica term to describe the leader of the people, who guided them in peace or war and had the principal rule in important decisions. He was selected from among the priest <i>’</i> s sons. <i>Diagnosis</i> <i>Pseudonemesia tabiskey</i> sp. nov. differs from <i>P. parva</i> and <i>P. kochalkai</i> by the clavate setae on dorsal and lateral sides of the abdomen (Figures 6 (a,b), 7(a,b), 9(b,c)). In addition, males of <i>Pseudonemesia tabiskey</i> sp. nov. differ from the other two species of the genus by the presence of one short and apically rounded spine located retrolaterally on tibia I (Figures 1 (g,h), 3(a <i>–</i> c), 6(f)). <i>Description</i> <i>Male (holotype).</i> Carapace light brown with three longitudinal dark brown bands, one on each lateral side for length and one central only from eye tubercle to fovea (Figure 6 (a)); legs yellowish dark with one subapical light brown mottles on femur I <i>–</i> II; femur III <i>–</i> IV with two, one sub-basal and one sub-apical; one basal light brown mottles on tibia, metatarsi and tarsi I <i>–</i> IV (Figure 6 (a)). Cephalic and thoracic region with equal heights and more raised than eye tubercle. Abdomen dorsally dark brown (Figure 6 (a,b)) and ventrally light yellow. Anterior and posterior book-lung apertures very small and rounded (Figures 6 (c), 9(a)). Scaly cuticle flattened and highest at their distal ends on dorsal and lateral segments of all legs and palp (Figures 2 (c <i>–</i> f), 3(a,b,d), 6(a,f)). Total length 2.73. Carapace 1.35 long, 1.20 wide. Abdomen 1.20 long, 0.73 wide. Fovea very narrow 0.12 and recurved (Figure 6 (a)). Clypeus narrow, 0.05. Anterior eye row straight and posterior recurved (Figure 6 (a)). Eye sizes: AME 0.11, ALE 0.08, PME 0.05 and PLE 0.07. Overall shape of eye group trapezoidal, wider than long. Chelicerae with nine teeth in one row on promargin, with <i>ca.</i> 15 basal smaller teeth. Rastellum absent (Figures 6 (d), 8(a)). Cheliceral tumescence absent. Labium 0.13 long, 0.27 wide, without cuspule (Figure 6 (d)). Cuspule on maxillae absent (Figures 6 (d), 8(b)). Modified comb-shaped setae on prolateral maxillary border (Figure 8 (b,d)). Serrula poorly developed with widely separated teeth and greatly flattened (Figure 8 (c)). Sternum rounded 0.50 long, 0.70 wide (Figure 6 (d)), domed. Sternal sigilla inconspicuous (Figure 6 (d)). Palp measurements: femur 0.75/patella 0.50/tibia 0.52/cymbium 0.45/total 2.22; spination: femur d0-1-1-1-1-1-1, v0-1r-1r-2-2, tibia d0-1-0-0-0, v1 p-0-1r-2-1p-1-2, cymbium d2ap, p0-0- 0-1-0-0 (Figure 2 (d <i>–</i> f)). Leg measurements: I: femur 1.20/patella 0.72/tibia 0.75/metatarsus 0.70/tarsus 0.40/total 3.77; II: 1.00/0.60/0.72/0.60/0.40/3.32; III: 0.90/0.50/0.55/0.82/0.50/3.27; IV: 1.27/0.60/1.12/1.30/0.54/4.83; spination: I: femur d0-1-1-1-1-1-1-0, v0-0-0-0-1r-0-1r, tibia v0-1r-1r-(1 = clasping spine, Figures 1 (g,h), 6(f)) -1p-0, metatarsus v2 ap; II: femur d0-1-1-1-1- 1-1, v1 p-1p-0-2-0-2, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-2ap, metatarsus v0-1r-1p-1r-0-2ap; III: femur d1-2-1- 1p-1-1r-1-2-0, v1 p-1p-2-1p-2, p1ap, patella d1-0-0, p0-0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d2-0-0-1-0, v0-1p- 1r-0-3ap, p0-1-0, metatarsus d0-0-1p-1r-1-1-1r-1p-0, v0-1r-0-2-0-0-3ap; IV: femur d0-1-1-0-1- 1-2-1, patella p0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d1r-1-0-0-1-0-1-0, v0-1p-0-1r-0-3ap, p0-1-0-0-0-1-0, r0-0-1- 0-0-0-1-0, metatarsus d0-1-0-0-0-1p-1r-1-1r-1p, v0-1r-1p-0-1r-0-3ap. Abdomen with four longitudinal erect clavate setal bands: two on dorsum with eight setae on each and one on each lateral with nine setae (two anterior longer). Clavate setae with sclerotized insertions on a mound (Figures 6 (b), 9(b)). Abdomen with anterior shiny brown scutum (Figure 6 (b)). Tarsi I <i>–</i> IV not flexible. Scopulae absent on all tarsi (Figures 3 (a), 4(a)). STC with two rows of 5 <i>–</i> 6 teeth on tarsi I; 4 <i>–</i> 5 on tarsi II, 1, 3; 5, 3 on tarsi III and 3, 4; 5, 2 on tarsi IV. ITC well developed on all legs (Figure 4 (a,b)). Tarsal organ rounded, elevated with 4 <i>–</i> 5 concentric ridges (Figure 5 (a,b)). Trichobothrial bases corrugated, rounded and elevated (Figure 5 (c,d)). Four spinnerets: two PMS vestigial entire 0.05 long, without spigots (Figures 6 (e), 9(f)) and two PLS: basal, median and apical (domed) segments 0.09, 0.08, 0.06 long, respectively (Figures 6 (e), 9(d)). PLS with one spigot on apex of medial article and five on apical (Figure 9 (d,e)). Palpal tibia excavation and tegulum (Figure 2 (a,b)) with low grooves. Palpal bulb oval with very short, blunt embolus, curved to ventral side (Figures 1 (a <i>–</i> e), 2(a,b)). <i>Female (paratype MHNLS II–491).</i> Coloration, book-lung apertures and cuticle as in male. Total length 4.00. Carapace 1.58 long, 1.36 wide. Abdomen 2.10 long, 0.86 wide. Fovea very narrow 0.16 and recurved. Clypeus narrow, 0.06. Anterior eye row straight and posterior recurved. Eye sizes: AME 0.06, ALE 0.09, PME 0.05 and PLE 0.08. Overall shape of eye group trapezoidal, wider than long. Chelicerae with nine teeth in one row on promargin, with 16 basal smaller teeth. Rastellum absent. Labium 0.13 long, 0.35 wide, without cuspule. Cuspule on maxillae absent. Serrula as in male. Sternum rounded 0.74 long, 0.70 wide, domed. Sternal sigilla inconspicuous. Palp measurements: femur 0.82/patella 0.64/tibia 0.60/tarsi 0.72/total 2.78; spination: femur d0-1-0-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0- 1r-0-2, tibia v1 p-0-2-0-2ap, tarsus p0-1-0. Leg measurements: I: femur 1.10/patella 0.70/ tibia 0.72/metatarsus 0.64/tarsus 0.45/total 3.61; II: 1.02/0.70/0.66/0.64/0.46/3.48; III: 0.86/ 0.52/0.62/0.80/0.50/3.30; IV: 1.40/0.72/1.14/1.48/0.62/5.36; spination: I: femur d0-1-1-1-0- 1-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0-1r-0-0-1r, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-0, metatarsus v0-1r-1r-0-2ap; II: femur d0-1- 1-1-1-1-1, v0-0-0-1r-0, tibia v0-1r-0-1r-0-3ap, metatarsus v0-1r-0-1r-0-0-2ap; III: femur d0- 1-0-1-1-1, v1 p-1p-0-1p-0-0, patella d1-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d2-0-0-1-0, v0-1p-1r-0-0-3ap, p0- 1-0, metatarsus d0-0-2-0-0-1r-2, v0-1r-0-0-2-0-0-3ap; IV: femur d0-1-0-0-1-1-1-1r-1, v0-0- 0-1p-0, patella d1-0-0-0-0, p0-1-0, r0-1-0, tibia d1r-1p-0-0-0-1-1-0, v0-1p-0-0-1r-0-0-0-3ap, p0-1-0-0-0-1-0-0, r0-1-0-0-0-1-0, metatarsus d0-1-1r-0-0-1p-0-1r-0-1p-0-2-0, v0-1-1p-0-2- 1-0-0-3ap. Clavate setae and scutum on abdomen as in male. Palp with one row with nine prolateral teeth. Tarsi I <i>–</i> IV not flexible. Scopulae absent on all tarsi. STC with two rows of 9 <i>–</i> 10 teeth on tarsi I; 6 <i>–</i> 7 on tarsi II, 3 <i>–</i> 4 on tarsi III and 1, 5; 5, 3 on tarsi IV. ITC well developed on all legs. Trichobothria and tarsal organ as in male. Four spinnerets: two PMS vestigial entire 0.06 long, without spigots (Figure 7 (a,b)) and two PLS: basal, median and apical (domed) segments 0.15, 0.12, 0.07 long, respectively (Figure 7 (a,b)). Two bifid spermathecae (Figure 1 (f)). <i>Variation</i> Males (<i>n</i> = 4): total length 2.73 <i>–</i> 4.85; carapace 1.35 <i>–</i> 1.50; abdomen 1.20 <i>–</i> 1.35. The height of pars thoracica can range from slightly more elevated than pars cephalica (almost equal height) to more elevated, as in Raven and Platnick (1981, fig. 51). <i>Additional material examined</i> Only one male used on SEM with the same data as holotype (IBSP 115438). <i>Habitat</i> The specimens were collected using pitfall traps. The containers were partially filled with a saturated saltwater solution, left in place for 5 <i>–</i> 7 days at 2500 m asl. All specimens came from a transitional forest between Andean rainforest (1800 m asl) and the paramo vegetation (&gt; 2700 m asl) (Figure 10 (a,b)). The average temperature was about 15 <i>–</i> 17°C and the annual rainfall, measured nearby, was&gt; 900 mm. Other mygalomorph spiders collected in this area were <i>Linothele</i> sp. (Dipluridae) and <i>Bolostromus</i> sp. (Cyrtaucheniidae). <i>Distribution</i> Known only from the type locality, in Venezuelan Andes: Trujillo state (Figure 12).
description: Published as part of <i>Rafael Prezzi Indicatti &amp; Osvaldo Villarreal M., 2016, Pseudonemesia tabiskey, a new species of Pseudonemesia Caporiacco 1955 and new ultramorphological data for the Microstigmatinae (Araneae: Microstigmatidae), pp. 2153-2167 in Journal of Natural History 50 (33)</i> on pages 3-13, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2016.1196297, http://zenodo.org/record/165798
description: {"references": ["Raven RJ, Platnick NI. 1981. A revision of the American spiders of the family Microstigmatidae (Araneae, Mygalomorphae). Am Mus Novit. 2707: 1 - 20."]}