cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmologies with a time dependent vacuum
Creators: name: Sola, Joan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The idea that the cosmological term, Lambda, should be a time dependent quantity in cosmology is a most natural one. It is difficult to conceive an expanding universe with a strictly constant vacuum energy density, namely one that has remained immutable since the origin of time. A smoothly evolving vacuum energy density that inherits its time-dependence from cosmological functions, such as the Hubble rate or the scale factor, is not only a qualitatively more plausible and intuitive idea, but is also suggested by fundamental physics, in particular by quantum field theory (QFT) in curved space-time. To implement this notion, is not strictly necessary to resort to ad hoc scalar fields, as usually done in the literature (e.g. in quintessence formulations and the like). A "running" Lambda term can be expected on very similar grounds as one expects (and observes) the running of couplings and masses with a physical energy scale in QFT. Furthermore, the experimental evidence that the equation of state of the dark energy could be evolving with time/redshift (including the possibility that it might currently behave phantom-like) suggests that a time-variable Lambda term (possibly accompanied by a variable Newton's gravitational coupling G=G(t)) could account in a natural way for all these features. Remarkably enough, a class of these models (the "new cosmon") could even be the clue for solving the old cosmological constant problem, including the coincidence problem.
description: LaTeX, 15 pages, 4 figures
Biblia latina
Creators: name: [Unknown]
Publisher: name: Uenetijs [Venice] : p[er] Octauianu[s] Scotu[s]
Year: 2017

description: Text printed in two column, 52 lines to a column, solid paragraph form, without verse numbers.

 Title centered at top of right page.

 Chapter numbers in roman numerals, some rubrication.
First results from HerMES on the evolution of the submillimetre luminosity function
Creators: name: Eales, S.
name: Raymond, G.
name: Roseboom, I. G.
name: Altieri, B.
name: Amblard, A.
name: Arumugam, V.
name: Auld, R.
name: Aussel, H.
name: Babbedge, T.
name: Blain, A.
name: Bock, J.
name: Boselli, A.
name: Brisbin, D.
name: Buat, V.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Castro-Rodriguez, N.
name: Cava, A.
name: Chanial, P.
name: Clements, D. L.
name: Conley, A.
name: Conversi, L.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Dowell, C. D.
name: Dwek, E.
name: Dye, S.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Fox, M.
name: Franceschini, A.
name: Gear, W.
name: Glenn, J.
name: Gonzalez~Solares, E. A.
name: Griffin, M.
name: Harwit, M.
name: Hatziminaoglou, E.
name: Huang, J.
name: Ibar, E.
name: Isaak, K.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Lagache, G.
name: Levenson, L.
name: Lonsdale, C. J.
name: Lu, N.
name: Madden, S.
name: Maffei, B.
name: Mainetti, G.
name: Marchetti, L.
name: Morrison, G. E.
name: Mortier, A. M. J.
name: Nguyen, H. T.
name: O'Halloran, B.
name: Oliver, S. J.
name: Omont, A.
name: Owen, F. N.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Pannella, M.
name: Panuzzo, P.
name: Papageorgiou, A.
name: Pearson, C. P.
name: Perez-Fournon, I.
name: Pohlen, M.
name: Rawlings, J. I.
name: Rigopoulou, D.
name: Rizzo, D.
name: Rowan-Robinson, M.
name: Portal, M. Sanchez
name: Schulz, B.
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Seymour, N.
name: Shupe, D. L.
name: Smith, A. J.
name: Stevens, J. A.
name: Strazzullo, V.
name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Trichas, M.
name: Tugwell, K. E.
name: Vaccari, M.
name: Valtchanov, I.
name: Vigroux, L.
name: Wang, L.
name: Ward, R.
name: Wright, G.
name: Xu, K.
name: Zemcov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have carried out two extremely deep surveys with SPIRE, one of the two cameras on Herschel, at 250 microns, close to the peak of the far-infrared background. We have used the results to investigate the evolution of the rest-frame 250-micron luminosity function out to z=2. We find evidence for strong evolution out to a redshift of around 1 but evidence for at most weak evolution beyond this redshift. Our results suggest that a significant part of the stars and metals in the Universe today were formed at z<1.4 in spiral galaxies.
description: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Herschel Special Issue, in press as a Letter; 5 pages
31997: Oxford Postgrads in Lockdown
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: 5 Oxford University Postgraduate students living in a house together in Marston have documented their lockdown together

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mr2PiqhBPt0&t=5s
Prefrontal cortical GABAergic regulation of cognition : implications for schizophrenia & other psychiatric disorders
Creators: name: Auger, Meagan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Deficient GABA signalling in the frontal lobes has been posited as a pathophysiological mechanism underlying symptoms and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Yet, there has been a lack of basic research assessing how decreased prefrontal cortex (PFC) GABAergic transmission impacts cognition. The experiments described here were aimed at elucidating how PFC GABA signalling regulates working memory and attention, two core cognitive processes altered in psychiatric conditions. In the first experiment, pharmacological reduction of PFC GABAA receptor transmission led to delay-independent deficits in working memory, suggesting that PFC GABA signalling may be particularly important for working memory encoding, while PFC NMDA glutamatergic transmission appears to be necessary for working memory maintenance. Given that attention strongly influences encoding, the next experiment identified separable attentional processes modulated by PFC GABAergic transmission. In addition to disrupting attention, PFC GABA dysfunction may contribute to working memory deficits by impairing filtering of distracting information. In the third study, PFC GABAergic regulation of resistance to proactive interference from past information was examined in a massed-trials variant of the reference/working radial maze task. While PFC GABAA antagonism did not increase proactive interference effects, strong impairments in working and reference memory were found across the test session. PFC inactivation did not affect performance, indicating that disinhibition of the PFC may interfere with activity of other circuitry responsible for mnemonic or cognitive functions. To investigate this, expression of c-Fos, a marker of neuronal activation, was throughout the brain following PFC GABAA antagonism in the final studies. Reduced PFC GABA function was associated with widespread increases in neuronal activation in PFC efferent regions in animals at rest. Intriguingly, enhanced neuronal activation following PFC disinhibition was only observed in the hippocampus and rhomboid thalamic nucleus of animals trained on the task, suggesting that plasticity in the PFC-thalamic-hippocampal circuit associated with learning may alter the effects of diminished PFC GABA function on neuronal activation. Collectively, the work described identifies component aspects of cognition affected by deficiencies of PFC GABA, and suggests that diminished or dysfunctional PFC GABA signalling could play a role in cognitive deficits observed in neuropsychiatric disorders.
Библиография Шевченко В.В.
Creators: name: Владимировна, Шевченко Валентина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Шевченко Валентина Владимировна
библиография
Шевченко Валентина Володимирівна
бібліографія
Shevchenko Valentina V.
bibliography

description: Список научных трудов Шевченко Валентины Владимировны

(на языке оригинала - на русском, украинском и английском).

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.2604854

Список наукових праць Шевченко Валентини Володимирівни

(мовою оригіналу - російською, українською та англійською).

List of scientific papers Shevchenko Valentina V.

(in the original language - in Russian, Ukrainian and English).
title: CODAR's Surface Flow at the Mouth of the Chesapeake Bay: Relation to Bay's and Atlantic's Forcing
Creators: name: Henderson, Shelby Kathryn
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Surface currents in the lower Chesapeake Bay (CB) observed with land-based high-frequency radar antennas, or Coastal Ocean Dynamics Application Radar (CODAR), produce hourly 2D maps of current velocities used for search and rescue, pollution tracking, and fishing operations. This study analyzes the correlations between a 9-year record of surface currents measured by CODAR to coastal sea level, local wind forcing, river discharge into CB, and water transport through the Florida Straits, representing the Gulf Stream’s control on sea level along the U.S. mid-Atlantic coast. The goal of this study is to find ways to use CODAR data to detect and monitor long-term sea level changes in CB, which may aide numerical modeling of the lower Bay for long-term forecasting and trend analysis.

Linear regression, spectral and wavelet analyses, and Empirical Mode Decomposition (EMD) are applied to the datasets. Linear regression and spectral analysis show high frequencies of CODAR surface currents driven primarily by winds and link to variations in water levels, while low frequencies explained by river discharge and Gulf Stream. Both spectral and wavelet capture the annual cycle, wavelet suggesting anti-correlation between CODAR outflow and water level at this period. Because these methods only capture signals up to about two years, EMD, which separates lower frequency oscillating modes, is also used. EMD trendlines are qualitatively consistent with known dynamics or may be part of larger decadal oscillations longer than this 9-year dataset. Spectral and EMD agree at high frequencies, but also suggests river and Gulf Stream flow may be linked with CODAR currents on longer time scales. EMD achieves realistic long-term trends and correlations for CODAR, but a longer time series is necessary to produce significant results that could use this data to truly monitor long-term sea level changes for the CB in this manner. The study demonstrated the complex nature and interconnections between the different factors and different time scales affecting the currents at the mouth of the CB. This analysis may be the first of its kind in the attempt at combining all these different observations in a single study.
Библиография Шевченко В.В.
Creators: name: Владимировна, Шевченко Валентина
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Шевченко Валентина Владимировна
библиография

description: Список научных трудов Шевченко Валентины Владимировны (на языке оригинала)
Magnetic Field Amplification by Turbulence in A Relativistic Shock Propagating through An Inhomogeneous Medium
Creators: name: Mizuno, Yosuke
name: Pohl, Martin
name: Niemiec, Jacek
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Nishikawa, Ken-Ichi
name: Hardee, Philip E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform two-dimensional relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations of a mildly relativistic shock propagating through an inhomogeneous medium. We show that the postshock region becomes turbulent owing to preshock density inhomogeneity, and the magnetic field is strongly amplified due to the stretching and folding of field lines in the turbulent velocity field. The amplified magnetic field evolves into a filamentary structure in two-dimensional simulations. The magnetic energy spectrum is flatter than the Kolmogorov spectrum and indicates that a so-called small-scale dynamo is occurring in the postshock region. We also find that the amount of magnetic-field amplification depends on the direction of the mean preshock magnetic field, and the time scale of magnetic-field growth depends on the shock strength.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Harnessing natural diversity for the discovery of glycoside hydrolases and design of new glycosynthases
Creators: name: Armstrong, Zachary
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2018

description: Plant biomass offers a sustainable source for energy and materials and an alternative to fossil fuels. However, the industrial scale production or biorefining of fermentable sugars from plant biomass is currently limited by the lack of cost effective and efficient biocatalysts. Microbes, the earth's master chemists - employing biocatalytic solutions to harvest energy, and transform this energy into useful molecules - offer a potential solution to this problem. However, a majority of microbes remain uncultured, limiting our access to the genetic potential encoded within their genomes. This has spurred the development of culture independent methods, termed metagenomics. In this thesis I harnessed high-throughput functional metagenomic screening to discover biomass deconstructing biocatalysts from uncultured microbial communities. Towards this goal, twenty-two clone libraries containing DNA sourced from diverse microbial communities inhabiting terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems were screened with 4-methylumbelliferyl cellobioside to detect glycoside hydrolase activity. This revealed 178 active clones containing glycoside hydrolases, often in gene clusters. This set of active clones was consolidated and further characterized through sequencing and rapid, plate-based, biochemical assays. Additionally, libraries sourced from beaver fecal and gut microbiomes were screened with four fluorogenic probes (6-chloro-4-methylumbelliferyl derivatives of cellobiose, xylobiose, xylose and mannose) for glycoside hydrolase activity. This revealed a total of 247 active fosmid-harbouring clones, that encoded many polysaccharide-degrading genes and gene cassettes. Specific candidate genes from the fecal library were sub-cloned, and the resulting purified enzymes were shown to be involved in synergistic degradation of arabinoxylan oligomers. The clone libraries that were generated through functional metagenomic screening were then employed to reveal the promiscuity of glycoside hydrolases towards unnatural azido- and aminoglycosides. Promiscuous enzymes identified from metagenomic and synthetic clone libraries were then used as a starting point for the generation of new glycosynthases capable of incorporating modified glucosides and galactosides. The resulting set of eight new glycosynthases are capable of synthesizing di- and trisaccharides, glycolipids and inhibitors such as 2,4-dinitrophenyl 4'-amino-2,4'-dideoxy-2-fluoro-cellobioside. Taken together this work has exploited the power of functional metagenomics to reveal new modes of biocatalysis and develop new synthetic tools.
Cassini imaging search rules out rings around Rhea
Creators: name: Tiscareno, Matthew S.
name: Burns, Joseph A.
name: Cuzzi, Jeffrey N.
name: Hedman, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have conducted an intensive search for any material that may orbit Rhea, using images obtained by the Cassini ISS narrow-angle camera. We find no evidence for any such material, contradicting an earlier and surprising inference that Rhea, the second-largest moon of Saturn, possesses a system of narrow rings embedded in a broad circum-satellite disk or cloud (Jones et al. 2008, Science). If one accepts the calculations of the previous authors, our results would require any narrow rings around Rhea to be composed of objects no smaller than 10 meters in radius, in order to be massive enough to account for the observed charged-particle absorptions but diffuse enough to evade detection in our images. Such a particle-size distribution is unrealistic given that erosion processes will break down 10-meter objects to smaller sizes, which would then have been seen in our images. Furthermore, Jones et al. (2008) assumed that the absorption of electrons by hypothetical circum-Rhea particles is proportional to the volume of the particles, even when they are much larger than the electron penetration depth (van Allen 1983, 1987, JGR). If we assume instead that large particles can only absorb electrons efficiently near their surfaces, then our results rule out any solid material orbiting Rhea as the explanation for the absorptions detected by Jones et al. (2008), regardless of particle size, by a margin of four (for narrow rings) or two (for a broad diffuse cloud) orders of magnitude. We conclude that the anomalous electron absorptions reported by Jones et al. (2008) are the signature of a new and hitherto unknown magnetospheric process.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; Published in GRL
Durationskonzepte für die Praxis der Lebensversicherung zur Quantifizierung von Änderungsrisiken in Zins und Biometrie
Creators: name: Radermacher, Marius
Publisher: name: TU Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Duration
subject: Forward Rates
subject: Zinsrisiko
subject: Biometrisches Risiko
subject: Biometrische Duration
subject: 330
subject: Lebensversicherung
subject: Zinsänderungsrisiko
subject: Langlebigkeit

description: Bei der Produktkalkulation von Lebensversicherungen werden Rechnungsgrundlagen verwendet, die u.a. aus Zinssätzen und biometrischen Daten bestehen. Aufgrund von typischerweise langen Laufzeiten bei Versicherungsverträgen, kommt es zu Änderungen dieser Daten, die die Bewertung künftiger Beiträge und Leistungen beeinflussen. Dadurch entstehen für Versicherungen Änderungsrisiken, da der kalkulierte Kapitalbedarf möglicherweise nicht ausreicht, um alle vertraglichen Leistungen erfüllen zu können. Diese Arbeit setzt sich zum Ziel geeignete Risikomaße zur Quantifizierung des Zinsänderungsrisikos und des biometrischen Änderungsrisikos zu finden, die auch in der Praxis der Lebensversicherungen angewendet werden können. Dazu wird zunächst ein Durationskonzept hergeleitet, das die Anwendung einer Forward Rate Zinsstrukturkurve ermöglicht. Zusätzlich wird herausgestellt, dass die Sterbewahrscheinlichkeiten strukturell als negative Forward Rates interpretiert werden können. Daraus wird deutlich, dass sich das Zinsänderungsrisiko und das biometrische Risiko strukturell nicht unterscheiden. Dies erlaubt analog zum Konzept der Forward Rate Duration ein Konzept zur Quantifizierung des biometrischen Risikos herzuleiten, das für Anwendungen in der Praxis geeignet ist. Darüber hinaus können beide Konzepte miteinander kombiniert werden, um im Rahmen praktischer Risikoanalysen Anwendung, z.B. der Bestimmung von Solvenzkapitalanforderungen im Rahmen von Solvency II, zu finden.
“Country-fied city or city-fied country?” : the impact of place on rural out-migrated literacy teachers’ identities and practices
Creators: name: Parton, Chea Lynn
name: 0000-0002-5563-4022
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Place-responsive pedagogy
Rural education
Rurban education
Teacher identity development
Teacher practices

description: Drawing on theories of place and identity, the purpose of this study was to better understand how the experiences of teachers from various rural backgrounds influenced their personal/professional identities and instructional practices in sub/urban schools. Using a multicase study design, I interviewed seven teachers a total of four times each and collected artifacts across four months. I gathered data by recording and transcribing our interviews as well as collecting any artifacts they chose to share with me. I analyzed data using inductive qualitative analysis framed by theories of place and identity, taking notice of emerging themes. After writing up individual case reports for each of the participants, I conducted a cross-case analysis. The following questions guided the study’s design and analysis: (1) How do rural out-migrated teachers construct and understand their (non)rural identities in the context of their urbanizing communities? (2) What are their perspectives of the official curriculum and instructional practices at their school? How, if at all do their rural identities shape their perspectives and practices? (3) What were their journeys to teaching like? How do they see themselves navigating, negotiating, and reconciling their personal and professional identities? Analysis revealed that, despite the differences in their backgrounds, the teachers worked to re-story their identities by taking up, rejecting, and reconfiguring/blending characteristics often attributed to rural and sub/urban places and people by dominant cultural narratives. It also highlighted how the development of their professional identities in educational spaces (i.e., their teacher preparation programs and classrooms) was deeply tied to and intertwined with their (non)rural personal identities. Their preservice experiences as well as the decisions they made surrounding their instructional practices in the classroom proved to be important sites of continued (non)rural personal and professional identity development. This study found that teachers used their experiences as learners and teachers across rural and sub/urban places to develop place-responsive curriculum. The findings from this study contribute to understandings of how layers of teachers’ personal identities influence their professional identities and instructional practices. Additionally, findings suggest further considerations for developing place-responsive culturally sustaining pedagogy.
Antiviral effect of a commercially phytotherapeutic compound against feline immunodeficiency virus
Creators: name: Forzan, Mario
name: Pacini, Maria Irene
name: Bonaccini, Pamela
name: Mazzei, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) is a widespread lentivirus of felids. Due to its worldwide diffusion and the lack of an effective preventive and therapeutic protocol, it has a high impact on the cats’ health. Several therapeutical protocols have been proposed, among those, phytotherapeutic compounds have been tested with the purpose to find a possible natural treatment. The most studied active compounds are derived from Ganoderma lucidum, Cordyceps sinensis, and Trametes versicolor. The present study aims to investigate in vitro antiviral effects of a commercially available compound HELP-TH1 (Camon, S.p.A., Italy) against FIV. The antiviral effect of HELP-TH1 was evaluated by quantifying and comparing the viral load of control groups, infected and not-treated cells, vs both experimental groups, infected and treated cells. Our data indicate that HELP-TH1 reduce the viral load in the experimental conditions demonstrating its antiviral effect.
Gemini/GMOS Imaging of Globular Cluster Systems in Five Early-type Galaxies
Creators: name: Faifer, Favio R.
name: Forte, Juan C.
name: Norris, Mark A.
name: Bridges, Terry
name: Forbes, Duncan A.
name: Zepf, Stephen E.
name: Beasley, Mike
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Hanes, David A.
name: Sharples, Ray M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents deep high quality photometry of globular cluster (GC) systems belonging to five early-type galaxies covering a range of mass and environment. Photometric data were obtained with the Gemini North and Gemini South telescopes in the filter passbands g', r', and i'. The combination of these filters with good seeing conditions allows an excellent separation between GC candidates and unresolved field objects. Bimodal GC colour distributions are found in all five galaxies. Most of the GC systems appear bimodal even in the (g' -r') vs (r' -i') plane. A population of resolved/marginally resolved GC and Ultra Compact Dwarf candidates was found in all the galaxies. A search for the so-called "blue tilt" in the colour-magnitude diagrams reveals that NGC 4649 clearly shows that phenomenon although no conclusive evidence was found for the other galaxies in the sample. This "blue tilt" translates into a mass-metallicity relation given by Z \propto M^0.28\pm0.03 . This dependence was found using a new empirical (g' -i') vs [Z/H] relation which relies on an homogeneous sample of GC colours and metallicities. This paper also explores the radial trends in both colour and surface density for the blue (metal-poor) and red (metal-rich) GC subpopulations. As usual, the red GCs show a steeper radial distribution than the blue ones. Evidence of galactocentric colour gradients is found in some of the GC systems, being more significant for the two S0 galaxies in the sample. Red GC subpopulations show similar colours and gradients to the galaxy halo stars in their inner region. A GC mean colour-galaxy luminosity relation, consistent with [Z/H] \propto L_B ^0.26\pm0.08, is present for the red GCs. An estimate of the total GC populations and specific frequency SN values is presented for NGC 3115, NGC 3379, NGC 3923 and NGC 4649.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures and 9 tables. Tables A1 and A2 will be published in full online only. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Lowest Mass Member of the beta Pictoris Moving Group
Creators: name: Rice, Emily L.
name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Cruz, Kelle L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectral and kinematic evidence that 2MASS J06085283-2753583 (M8.5gamma) is a member of the beta Pictoris Moving Group (BPMG, age ~12 Myr), making it the latest-type known member of this young, nearby association. We confirm low-gravity spectral morphology at both medium and high resolutions in the near-infrared. We present new radial velocity and proper motion measurements and use these to calculate galactic location and space motion consistent with other high-probability members of the BPMG. The predicted mass range consistent with the object's effective temperature, surface gravity, spectral type, and age is 15-35 M_Jup, placing 2MASS 0608-27 well within the brown dwarf mass regime. 2MASS J06085283-2753583 is thus confidently added to the short list of very low mass, intermediate age benchmark objects that inform ongoing searches for the lowest-mass members of nearby young associations.
description: Accepted to ApJL, 17 pages, including 3 figures and 2 tables
31999: Faculty meeting
Creators: name: Project, Lockdown2020 and Beyond
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 479999
subject: Other language, communication and culture not elsewhere classified

description: Life under lockdown has made us work in new ways. Online meetings have become part of our new normal existence, and the Trinity Term Faculty Meeting for Linguistics, Philology and Phonetics took place in Teams this year. Interesting to note was that the number of attendees was unusually high. We can only speculate if this has to do with the online location or because people are keen to keep in touch with their colleagues hear what is going on.
Minimization of Handoff latency by co-ordinate evaluation method using GPS based map
Creators: name: Sarddar, Debabrata
name: Banerjee, Joydeep
name: Saha, Souvik Kumar
name: Jana, Tapas
name: Biswas, Utpal
name: Naskar, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Handoff has become an essential criterion in mobile communication system, specially in urban areas, owing to the limited coverage area of Access Points (AP). Handover of calls between two Base Stations (BSs) is encountered frequently and it is essentially required to minimize the delay of the process. Many solutions attempting to improve this process have been proposed but only a few use geo-location systems in the management of the handover. Here we propose to minimize the handoff latency by minimizing the number of APs scanned by the Mobile Node (MN) during each handoff procedure. We consider the whole topographical area as a two dimensional plane. By GPS, we can note down the co-ordinates of the MN at any instant. The average rate of change of its latitudinal distance and longitudinal distance with a specific time period is evaluated at the end of the given time period. With the knowledge of the given parameter, it is possible to determine the latitude and longitude of the MN after a particular instant of time. Hence, the direction of motion of the MN can be determined, which in turns gives the AP towards which the MN is headings. This reduces the number of APs to be scanned. Thus, on an overall basis, the handoff latency can be reduced by almost half to one third of its value.
Lifetime heavy drinking years predict alcohol use disorder severity over and above current alcohol use
Creators: name: Nieto, Steven J.
name: Baskerville, Wave
name: Donato, Suzanna
name: Bujarski, Spencer
name: Ray, Lara
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Background: Preclinical studies demonstrate that chronic and heavy alcohol use facilitates neuroadaptations that perpetuate addiction-like behaviors. In clinical studies, it is unclear whether the extent of heavy alcohol use over the lifetime contributes to alcohol use disorder (AUD) severity over and above current alcohol use patterns (i.e. last 30 days to 3-months). Such information may improve our understanding of the phenomenology of AUD. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine lifetime heavy drinking years in relation to a clinical assessment of AUD. Methods: Participants, who were non-treatment-seeking and engaged in heavy drinking (n = 140; 50% male), completed an interview-based assessment of lifetime regular and heavy drinking years along with a battery of measures indexing alcohol use and problems, drinking motives, and depression and anxiety symptomatology. Results: Lifetime heavy drinking years was positively associated with lifetime regular drinking years, current alcohol use, alcohol problems, tonic alcohol craving, drinking for the enhancing effects of alcohol, and drinking to cope (r’s = .21–.58). Adjusting for lifetime regular drinking years and current alcohol use, lifetime heavy drinking years predicted higher scores on the Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT; B = .382; SE = .123). A multivariate logistic regression found that lifetime heavy drinking years predicted greater odds of more severe AUD over and above current alcohol use (OR = 1.147). Conclusion: Our findings suggest that lifetime heavy drinking years are a clinically meaningful indicator of AUD severity that is not redundant with current alcohol use measures.
HST/COS Observations of the Ly alpha Forest toward the BL Lac Object 1ES1553+113
Creators: name: Danforth, Charles W.
name: Keeney, Brian A.
name: Stocke, John T.
name: Shull, J. Michael
name: Yao, Yangsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new far-ultraviolet spectra from the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (HST/COS) of the BL Lac object 1ES1553+113 covering the wavelength range 1135-1795 A. The data show a smooth continuum with a wealth of narrow absorption features arising in the ISM and IGM. These features include 41 Lya absorbers at 00.6 for the strongest component of the absorber complex. Galaxy redshift surveys show a number of massive galaxies at approximately the same redshift as this absorption complex, suggesting that it arises in a large-scale galaxy filament. As one of the brightest extragalactic X-ray and gamma-ray sources, 1ES1553+113 is of great interest to the high-energy astrophysics community. With no intrinsic emission or absorption features, 1ES1553+113 has no direct redshift determination. We use intervening Lya absorbers to place a direct limit on the redshift: z_em>0.395 based on a confirmed Lya+OVI absorber and z_em>0.433 based on a single-line detection of Lya. COS/FUV data are only sensitive to Lya absorbers at z<0.47, but we present statistical arguments that z_em<0.58 based on the non-detection of any Lyb absorbers at z>0.4.
description: ApJ submitted: 11 pages, 7 figures
Sven Grosse: Ich glaube an die Eine Kirche. Eine ökumenische Ekklesiologie, Paderborn: Ferdinand Schöningh 2015
Creators: name: Huber, Michael
Publisher: name: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift
Year: 2019

description: Münchener Theologische Zeitschrift, Bd. 68 Nr. 2 (2017)
Optimizing stroke rehabilitation : determining the therapeutic dose and intensity to maximize walking and functional recovery early after stroke
Creators: name: Klassen, Tara D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Background: Stroke is a serious health concern and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Up to two-thirds of stroke survivors will experience physical and/or cognitive deficits thus requiring ongoing rehabilitation. Determining the appropriate exercise intensity and dose to optimize recovery is one of the top priorities in stroke rehabilitation research. Purpose: To determine the feasibility and efficacy of higher exercise intensity and dose on walking and functional recovery, cognition, and quality of life in the early phase after stroke. Methods: Multiple studies were conducted to examine how exercise intensity and dose may influence recovery early after stroke. Two studies were completed to identify and assess the precision of a readily available monitoring device to accurately record step count, a measure of walking dose. The results of these studies contributed to the design and implementation of an ongoing national, multi-site, randomized clinical trial occurring during inpatient stroke rehabilitation, to investigate how higher exercise intensity and dose impact walking and functional recovery, cognition, and quality of life. Results: From the two studies examining measurement of walking dose, The Fitbit One was identified as a monitoring device that could accurately assess step count (< 10% error), when positioned at the ankle, with individuals post-stroke that had a walking speed greater than 0.4m/s. Preliminary data from the ongoing multi-site randomized clinical trial revealed that individuals who received a higher exercise intensity and dose within their inpatient stroke rehabilitation were able to walk a clinically meaningful longer distance on the six-minute walk test and had a higher perception of their health status compared to those individuals that received usual care physical therapy. Conclusions: Higher exercise intensity and dose can be accurately measured and safely delivered during inpatient stroke rehabilitation. Furthermore, although preliminary results suggest that higher exercise intensity and dose may be effective at improving walking recovery and quality of life in the early phase after stroke, further analysis will need to be conducted when the complete study population is recruited to verify these findings.
Design and Characterization of a Field-Switchable Nanomagnetic Atom Mirror
Creators: name: Hayward, T. J.
name: West, A. D.
name: Weatherill, K. J.
name: Curran, P. J.
name: Fry, P. W.
name: Fundi, P. M.
name: Gibbs, M. R. J.
name: Schrefl, T.
name: Adams, C. S.
name: Hughes, I. G.
name: Bending, S. J.
name: Allwood, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a design for a switchable nanomagnetic atom mirror formed by an array of 180° domain walls confined within Ni80Fe20 planar nanowires. A simple analytical model is developed which allows the magnetic field produced by the domain wall array to be calculated. This model is then used to optimize the geometry of the nanowires so as to maximize the reflectivity of the atom mirror. We then describe the fabrication of a nanowire array and characterize its magnetic behavior using magneto-optic Kerr effect magnetometry, scanning Hall probe microscopy and micromagnetic simulations, demonstrating how the mobility of the domain walls allow the atom mirror to be switched "on" and "off" in a manner which would be impossible for conventional designs. Finally, we model the reflection of 87Rb atoms from the atom mirror's surface, showing that our design is well suited for investigating interactions between domain walls and cold atoms.
description: To appear in Journal of Applied Physics. Volume 108, issue 3
Primary prevention of prescription opioid diversion: a systematic review of medication disposal interventions
Creators: name: Schäfer, Willemijn L.A.
name: Johnson, Julie K.
name: Wafford, Q. Eileen
name: Plummer, Sarah G.
name: Stulberg, Jonah J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Background: In the U.S., 50–75% of nonmedical users of prescription opioids obtain their pills through diversion by friends or relatives. Increasing disposal of unused opioid prescriptions is a fundamental primary prevention strategy in combatting the opioid epidemic. Objectives: To identify interventions for disposal of unused opioid pills and assess the evidence of their effectiveness on disposal-related outcomes. Methods: A search of four electronic databases was conducted (October 2019). We included all empirical studies, systematic literature reviews, and meta-analyses about study medication disposal interventions in the U.S. Studies of disposal interventions that did not include opioids were excluded. We abstracted data for the selected articles to describe the study design, and outcomes. Further, we assessed the quality of each study using the NIH Study Quality Assessment Tools. Results: We identified 25 articles that met our inclusion criteria. None of the 13 studies on drug take-back events or the two studies on donation boxes could draw conclusions about their effectiveness. Although studies on educational interventions found positive effects on knowledge acquisition, they did not find differences in disposal rates. Two randomized controlled trials on drug disposal bags found higher opioid disposal rates in their intervention arms compared to the control arms (57.1% vs 28.6% and 33.3%, p = .01; and 85.7% vs 64.9%, p = .03). Conclusions: Peer-reviewed publications on opioid disposal interventions are limited and either do not address effectiveness or have conflicting findings. Future research should address these limitations and further evaluate implementation and cost-effectiveness.
Variational study of the quantum phase transition in bilayer Heisenberg model with Bosonic RVB wave function
Creators: name: Liao, Haijun
name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state phase diagram of the bilayer Heisenberg model on square lattice with a Bosonic RVB wave function. The wave function has the form of a Gutzwiller projected Schwinger Boson mean field ground state and involves two variational parameters. We find the wave function provides an accurate description of the system on both sides of the quantum phase transition. Especially, through the analysis of the spin structure factor, ground state fidelity susceptibility and the Binder moment ratio $Q_{2}$, a continuous transition from the antiferromagnetic ordered state to the quantum disordered state is found at the critical coupling of $α_{c}=J_{\perp}/J_{\parallel}\approx2.62$, in good agreement with the result of quantum Monte Carlo simulation. The critical exponent estimated from the finite size scaling analysis($1/ν\approx1.4$) is consistent with that of the classical 3D Heisenberg universality class.
description: 7 pages, 7figures
The concept of quasi-integrability: a concrete example
Creators: name: Ferreira, L. A.
name: Zakrzewski, Wojtek J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the deformed sine-Gordon models recently presented by Bazeia et al to discuss possible definitions of quasi-integrability. We present one such definition and use it to calculate an infinite number of quasi-conserved quantities through a modification of the usual techniques of integrable field theories. Performing an expansion around the sine-Gordon theory we are able to evaluate the charges and the anomalies of their conservation laws in a perturbative power series in a small parameter which describes the "closeness" to the integrable sine-Gordon model. Our results indicate that in the case of the two-soliton scattering the charges are conserved asymptotically, i.e. their values are the same in the distant past and future, when the solitons are well separated. We back up our results with numerical simulations which also demonstrate the existence of long lived breather-like and wobble-like states in these models.
description: 40 pages, 47 ps figures
Fusing Landsat and SAR Data for Mapping Tropical Deforestation through Machine Learning Classification and the PVts-β Non-Seasonal Detection Approach
Creators: name: Tarazona, Yonatan
name: Zabala, Alaitz
name: Pons, Xavier
name: Broquetas, Antoni
name: Nowosad, Jakub
name: Zurqani, Hamdi A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: This article focuses on mapping tropical deforestation using time series and machine learning algorithms. Before detecting changes in the time series, we reduced seasonality using Photosynthetic Vegetation (PV) index fractions obtained from Landsat images. Single and multi-temporal filters were used to reduce speckle noise from Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) images (i.e., ALOS PALSAR and Sentinel-1B) before fusing them with optical images through Principal Component Analysis (PCA). We detected only one change in the two PV series using a non-seasonal detection approach, as well as in the fused images through five machine learning algorithms that were calibrated with Cross-Validation (CV) and Monte Carlo Cross-Validation (MCCV). In total, four categories were obtained: forest, cropland, bare soil, and water. We then compared the change map obtained with time series and that obtained with the classification algorithms with the best calibration performance, revealing an overall accuracy of 92.91% and 91.82%, respectively. For statistical comparisons, we used deforestation reference data. Finally, we conclude with some discussions and reflections on the advantages and disadvantages of the detections made with time series and machine learning algorithms, as well as the contribution of SAR images to the classifications, among other aspects.
Realizing the Distinctive University: Vision and Values, Strategy and Culture
Creators: name: Roche, Mark William
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2023

description: In _Realizing the Distinctive University: Vision and Values, Strategy and Culture_, Mark William Roche changes the terms of the debate about American higher education. A former dean of the College of Arts and Letters at the University of Notre Dame, Roche argues for the importance of an institutional vision, not simply a brand, and while he extols the value of entrepreneurship, he defines it in contrast to the corporate drive toward commercialization and demands for business management models. Using the history of the German university to assess the need for, and implementation of, distinctive visions at American colleges and universities, Roche's own vision benefits from his deep connection to both systems as well as his experience in the trenches working to realize the special mission of an American Catholic university. Roche makes a significant contribution by delineating means for moving such an institution from vision to implementation.\u000a\u000a Roche provides a road map to creating a superb arts and sciences college within a major research university and offers a rich analysis of five principles that have shaped the modern American university: flexibility, competition, incentives, accountability, and community. He notes the challenges and problems that surface with these categories and includes ample illustration of both best practices and personal missteps. The book makes clear that even a compelling intellectual vision must always be linked to its embodiment in rhetoric, support structures, and community. Throughout this unique and appealing contribution to the literature on higher education, Roche avoids polemic and remains optimistic about the ways in which a faculty member serving in administration can make a positive difference.\u000a\u000a_Realizing the Distinctive University_ is a must read for academic administrators, faculty members interested in the inner workings of the university, and graduate students and scholars of higher education.\u000a\u000a\u00A9 University of Notre Dame\u000a\u000aCopyright for most content is held by The University of Notre Dame. Reproduction of all or any portion of content constitutes a violation of copyright. You must obtain permission from The Copyright Clearance Center or The University of Notre Dame Press in order to reprint (or adapt) content.\u000a\u000ap: (574) 631-6346 \ e: undpress@nd\.edu \ website: copyright\.com
Borcherds Algebras and N=4 Topological Amplitudes
Creators: name: Gaberdiel, Matthias R.
name: Hohenegger, Stefan
name: Persson, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perturbative spectrum of BPS-states in the E_8 x E_8 heterotic string theory compactified on T^2 is analysed. We show that the space of BPS-states forms a representation of a certain Borcherds algebra G which we construct explicitly using an auxiliary conformal field theory. The denominator formula of an extension G_{ext} \supset G of this algebra is then found to appear in a certain heterotic one-loop N=4 topological string amplitude. Our construction thus gives an N=4 realisation of the idea envisioned by Harvey and Moore, namely that the `algebra of BPS-states' controls the threshold corrections in the heterotic string.
description: 39 pages