cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Distributional Impacts of an Environmental Tax Shift: The Case of Motor Vehicle Emissions Taxes
Creators: name: Walls, Margaret
name: Hanson, Jean
name: Walls, Margaret
name: Hanson, Jean
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: motor vehicle emissions
subject: tax incidence
subject: lifetime income

description: One of the most common criticisms of pollution taxes is that they are often believed to be inequitable -- i.e., low income households are thought to be disproportionately harmed. In this paper, we assess the distributional impacts of three taxes aimed at reducing emissions from motor vehicles: (i) a tax on total annual emissions, (ii) a tax on emissions rates (in grams per mile), and (iii) a tax on annual miles traveled. We use two alternative measures of economic well-being, annual household income and a constructed measure of lifetime income. We find that all three fees look regressive, both on the basis of annual and lifetime income - though much less so on a lifetime income basis. However, if one of these fees is used to substitute for existing vehicle registration fees, the differential impacts over existing fees are quite small: on a lifetime income basis, the mileage-based fee looks almost identical to the current system, while the total emissions fee is a little more regressive and the emissions rate-based fee slightly more regressive still than the current system. These results highlight the importance of tax shifting to help the environment.
Fleet Turnover and Old Car Scrap Policies
Creators: name: Alberini, Anna
name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
name: Alberini, Anna
name: Harrington, Winston
name: McConnell, Virginia D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: mobile source
subject: inspection and maintenance
subject: I/M
subject: scrappage
subject: emission fees

description: This paper incorporates owners' decisions to keep, repair or scrap their old vehicles into a simulation model of fleet emissions. This decision depends critically on the owner's perceived value of the vehicle, so we examine the factors affecting owners' valuations of their old vehicles using a unique longitudinal dataset. Willingness to accept for the vehicle is well predicted by mileage and condition of the car, and declines systematically with its age. Our estimated model of vehicle value is used as an input into a simulation model of a 1,000-car fleet representative of California's fleet. Other inputs into the simulation models are the estimated distributions of emissions in the fleet, and two equations that link emissions reductions to the cost of repairs. The simulation model is used to examine the role of scrap policies alone and combined with other policies for reducing emissions, such as current I/M programs and proposed emissions fees, and the welfare implications of combining such programs. The model incorporates both technical and behavioral relationships, and assumes that of all possible options (repairing the car, scrapping the vehicle, or paying the emissions fee without repairing the vehicle) the owner chooses the one with the least cost. We find that old car scrap programs may increase net welfare under a regulatory program like I/M in practice today, but that a stand alone scrap program is unlikely to provide very much in the way of emission reductions.
ZULFIYA QUROLBOY QIZI HIKOYALARIDA FOLKLORIZM
Creators: name: Zaripova, Shukurjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Zulfiya Qurolboy qizi hikoya va romanlari o‘zbek adabiyotda yaratilgan asarlar orasida o‘zining qiziqarligi, ta‘sirchanligi, hayot haqiqati va insoniy harakterlarni ishonarli gavdalantirganligi hamda turmushning murakkab muammolarini dadil ko‘tarib chiqilgani bilan ajralib turadi. Z.Qurolboy qizi asarlarining adabiyotda jiddiy hodisa darjasiga ko‘tarilganligi mazkur maqolaning dolzarbligini belgilaydi.
The Cost of Reducing Municipal Solid Waste
Creators: name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Sigman, Hilary
name: Walls, Margaret
name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Sigman, Hilary
name: Walls, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: solid waste
subject: deposit/refund
subject: recycling subsidy
subject: secondary materials

description: This paper explores public policies for reduction of municipal solid waste. We parameterize a simple model of waste disposal using supply and demand elasticities from the economics literature and 1990 prices and quantities of recyclable and recycled materials. Using this model, we calculate the waste reduction in response to three public policies: (i) deposit/ refunds, (ii) advance disposal fees, and (iii) recycling subsidies. The results illustrate the effects of the three policies on source reduction and recycling of five recyclable materials that comprise 56 percent of municipal solid waste: aluminum, glass, paper, plastic, and steel. The calculated responses provide information about the cost of reducing municipal solid waste through various policies. This analysis suggests that a 7.5 percent reduction in disposal of the solid wastes in the model might have been optimal in 1990 from a benefit-cost perspective.
Ground-state quantum geometry in superconductor-quantum dot chains
Creators: name: Klees, Raffael L.
name: Cuevas, Juan Carlos
name: Belzig, Wolfgang
name: Rastelli, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multiterminal Josephson junctions constitute engineered topological systems in arbitrary synthetic dimensions defined by the superconducting phases. Microwave spectroscopy enables the measurement of the quantum geometric tensor, a fundamental quantity describing both the quantum geometry and the topology of the emergent Andreev bound states in a unified manner. In this work we propose an experimentally feasible multiterminal setup of $N$ quantum dots connected to $N+1$ superconducting leads to study nontrivial topology in terms of the many-body Chern number of the ground state. Moreover, we generalize the microwave spectroscopy scheme to the multiband case and show that the elements of the quantum geometric tensor of the noninteracting ground state can be experimentally accessed from the measurable oscillator strengths at low temperature.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, added and updated references, corrected typos, changed title; content corresponds to the published version
Evaluating Dispute Resolution as an Approach to Public Participation
Creators: name: Beierle, Thomas C.
name: Cayford, Jerry
name: Beierle, Thomas C.
name: Cayford, Jerry
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: dispute resolution
subject: public participation
subject: conflict resolution
subject: evaluation

description: Public participation has become an integral part of environmental policymaking. Dispute resolution-with its focus on deliberation, problem solving, and consensus seeking among a small group of people-is one of the alternatives decision-makers increasingly turn to for involving the public. This paper evaluates dispute resolution as a form of public participation by measuring its success against five "social goals": incorporating public values into decisions, increasing the substantive quality of decisions, resolving conflict, building trust, and educating the public. The data for the analysis come from a "case survey," in which researchers read and coded information on more than 100 attributes of 239 published case studies of public involvement in environmental decision-making. These cases describe a variety of planning, management, and implementation activities carried out by environmental and natural resource agencies at many levels of government. The paper demonstrates that dispute resolution processes typically do much better than other forms of public participation in achieving social goals, but only among the small group of actual participants. The dispute resolution cases do far worse in extending the benefits of participation to the wider public. Many dispute resolution cases lack significant outreach, either to inform the wider public or to draw the wider public's values into decision-making. The benefits of conflict resolution or trust formation also often do not extend beyond a small group of participants. The findings have normative implications for the desirability of dispute resolution in certain types of environmental decisions. They also have practical implications because the exclusion of the wider public from decision-making can come back to haunt project proponents in the implementation stage.
Waste, Recycling, and "Design for Environment": Roles for Markets and Policy Instruments
Creators: name: Calcott, Paul
name: Walls, Margaret
name: Calcott, Paul
name: Walls, Margaret
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Dfe
subject: deposit-refund
subject: disposal fee
subject: constrained optimum

description: Several studies that have solved for optimal solid waste policy instruments have suggested that transaction costs may often prevent the working of recycling markets. In this paper, we explicitly incorporate such costs into a general equilibrium model of production, consumption, recycling, and disposal. Specifically, we assume that consumers have access to both recycling without payment and recycling with payment but that the latter option comes with transaction costs. Producers choose material and nonmaterial inputs to produce a consumer product, and they also choose design attributes of that product-its weight and degree of recyclability. We find that the policy instruments that yield a social optimum in this setting need to vary with the degree of recyclability of products. Moreover, they need to be set to ensure that recycling markets do not operate-that is, that all recycling takes place without an exchange of money between recyclers and consumers. We argue that implementing such a policy would be difficult in practice. We then solve for a simpler set of instruments that implement a constrained (second-best) optimum. We find the results in this setting more encouraging: a modest disposal fee-less than the Pigouvian fee-combined with a common deposit-refund applied to all products will yield the constrained optimum. Moreover, this set of constrained optimal instruments is robust to the possibility that consumers imperfectly sort used products into trash and recyclables.
Crack propagation simulation without crack tracking algorithm: embedded discontinuity formulation with incompatible modes
Creators: name: Stanic, A.
name: Brank, B.
name: Ibrahimbegovic, A.
name: Matthies, H. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We show that for the simulation of crack propagation in quasi-brittle, two-dimensional solids, very good results can be obtained with an embedded strong discontinuity quadrilateral finite element that has incompatible modes. Even more importantly, we demonstrate that these results can be obtained without using a crack tracking algorithm. Therefore, the simulation of crack patterns with several cracks, including branching, becomes possible. The avoidance of a tracking algorithm is mainly enabled by the application of a novel, local (Gauss-point based) criterion for crack nucleation, which determines the time of embedding the localisation line as well as its position and orientation. We treat the crack evolution in terms of a thermodynamical framework, with softening variables describing internal dissipative mechanisms of material degradation. As presented by numerical examples, many elements in the mesh may develop a crack, but only some of them actually open and/or slide, dissipate fracture energy, and eventually form the crack pattern. The novel approach has been implemented for statics and dynamics, and the results of computed difficult examples (including Kalthoff's test) illustrate its very satisfying performance. It effectively overcomes unfavourable restrictions of the standard embedded strong discontinuity formulations, namely the simulation of the propagation of a single crack only. Moreover, it is computationally fast and straightforward to implement. Our numerical solutions match the results of experimental tests and previously reported numerical results in terms of crack pattern, dissipated fracture energy, and load-displacement curve.
description: 53 pages, 43 figures, research paper
Modeling the Costs and Environmental Benefits of Disposal Options for End-of-Life Electronic Equipment: The Case of Used Computer Monitors
Creators: name: MacAuley, Molly K.
name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Cline, Sarah A.
name: Holsinger, Heather
name: MacAuley, Molly K.
name: Palmer, Karen L.
name: Shih, Jhih-Shyang
name: Cline, Sarah A.
name: Holsinger, Heather
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: end-of-life electronics
subject: waste stream
subject: cost-benefit analysis

description: Managing the growing quantity of used electronic equipment poses challenges for waste management officials. In this paper, we focus on a large component of the electronic waste stream- computer monitors-and the disposal concerns associated with the lead embodied in cathode ray tubes (CRTs) used in most monitors. We develop a policy simulation model of consumers- disposal options based on the costs of these options and their associated environmental impacts. For the stock of monitors disposed of in the United States in 1998, our preliminary findings suggest that bans on some disposal options would increase disposal costs from about $1 per monitor to between $3 and $20 per monitor. Policies to promote a modest amount of recycling of monitor parts, including lead, can be less expensive. In both cases, the costs of the policies exceed the value of the avoided health effects of CRT disposal.
Changing Productivity in U.S. Petroleum Exploration and Development
Creators: name: Bohi, Douglas R.
name: Bohi, Douglas R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: petroleum supply
subject: technical change
subject: world oil market

description: This study analyzes sources of productivity change in petroleum exploration and development in the United States over the last ten years. There have been several major developments in the industry over the last decade that have led to dramatic reductions in the cost of finding and developing oil and natural gas resources. While some of the cost savings are organizational and institutional in nature, the most important changes are in the application of new technologies used to find and produce oil and gas: 3D seismology, horizontal drilling, and deepwater drilling. Not all the innovation is endogenous to the industry; some rests on outside advances (such as advances in high-speed computing that enabled 3D seismology), as well as learning-by-doing. The increased productivity of mature petroleum provinces like the U.S. helps to maintain competition in the world oil market as well as enhance domestic industry returns.
YANGI DAVR O'ZBEK NASRIDA FOLKLORIZM
Creators: name: Zaripova, Shukurjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: XX asr o‘zbek nasrida folklorizm xalq og‘zaki ijodi va milliy qadriyatlarga asoslangan ijodiy yo‘nalish sifatida namoyon bo‘ldi. Ushbu maqolada XX asr boshlaridan to mustaqillikka erishish davrigacha bo‘lgan o‘zbek nasrida folklorizmning rivojlanishi tahlil qilinadi. Abdulla Qodiriy, Cho‘lpon, Oybek, Said Ahmad kabi adiblar ijodida folklor unsurlari xalqning madaniy va tarixiy xotirasini aks ettirish, milliy ruhiyatni ifodalash vositasi bo‘lib xizmat qilgan. Maqolada folklorizmning asar kompozitsiyasidagi o‘rni, mavzularni chuqurlashtirishdagi roli va mustaqillik davrida uning yangicha talqini haqida so‘z yuritiladi.
POPULATION AND THE ENVIRONMENT: POLLS, POLICIES, AND PUBLIC OPINION
Creators: name: Stycos, J. Mayone
name: Stycos, J. Mayone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Although recent academic and popular attention has argued for a wedding between population and environmental problems and policies, the scientific knowledge base for these topics has grown separately and at different rates. Environmental research has grown faster than population research, while the joint treatment of these topics remains in its infancy. International polls that have included many questions concerning environmental attitudes have included far fewer on population. The few surveys on population attitudes have ignored the environment. The World Fertility Survey and the Demographic and Health Survey are fertility, rather than population, surveys. They have been useful in precipitating national policies on family planning but are poor models for needed attitudinal and cognitive research on population and the environment. Some contemporary polls, such as the United Nations-sponsored poll conducted by the Louis Harris Agency, have serious methodological defects. Others, such as the 1992 Gallup poll, contain valuable data from which future surveys could profit. The conclusion outlines the need for a new multi-national survey of Population/Environment Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (PEKAP).
A BARGAINING FRAMEWORK FOR THE GLOBAL COMMONS
Creators: name: Bromley, Daniel W.
name: Bromley, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The global commons represents a class of environmental problems that require international cooperation. Global environmental problems arise because the actions of some individuals or governments in one location hold serious implications for individuals and governments in other locations. There are global environmental policy problems because adversely-affected individuals (and governments) attempt to alter the behaviors of those responsible for global pollution. We develop a framework with which to analyze such global environmental problems. Our goal is to craft a resource management policy that will satisfy both those who seek a change and those who prefer the current situation. This environmental incentive policy will align the interests of the two parties. Incentive alignment is the policy problem in the global commons. That is, we must find ways to align interests through realigning incentives for individual and group behaviors.
Discrete model analysis of the critical current density measurements in superconducting thin films by a single coil inductive method
Creators: name: Aurino, M.
name: Di Gennaro, E.
name: Di Iorio, F.
name: Gauzzi, A.
name: Lamura, G.
name: Andreone, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical current density of a superconducting film can be easily determined by an inductive and contactless method. Driving a sinusoidal current in a single coil placed in front of a superconducting sample, a non zero third harmonic voltage V_3 is induced in it when the sample goes beyond the Bean critical state. The onset of V_3 marks the value of current beyond which the sample response to the magnetic induction is no more linear. To take into account, in a realistic way, the magnetic coupling between the film and the coil we have developed a discrete model of the inducing and induced currents distribution. In the framework of this model the magnetic field profile on the sample surface and the coefficient linking the current flowing in the coil and the critical current density J_C of superconducting thin films is evaluated. The numerical results are checked measuring J_C of several thin films of YBa_2Cu_3O_(7-d) of known superconducting properties, used as a control material.
description: to be published in Journal of Applied Physics
Optical-conductivity sum rule in cuprates and unconventional charge density waves: a short review
Creators: name: Benfatto, L.
name: Sharapov, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We begin with an overview of the experimental results for the temperature and doping dependences of the optical-conductivity spectral weight in cuprate superconductors across the whole phase diagram. Then we discuss recent attempts to explain the observed behavior of the spectral weight using reduced and full models with unconventional $d_{x^2-y^2}$ charge-density waves.
description: 17 pages, RevTeX4, 4 EPS figures; Invited paper for a special issue of Low Temperature Physics dedicated to the 20th anniversary of HTSC
Fractional Loop Group and Twisted K-Theory
Creators: name: Hekmati, Pedram
name: Mickelsson, Jouko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 22E67, 55N15, 81T60

description: We study the structure of abelian extensions of the group $L_qG$ of $q$-differentiable loops (in the Sobolev sense), generalizing from the case of central extension of the smooth loop group. This is motivated by the aim of understanding the problems with current algebras in higher dimensions. Highest weight modules are constructed for the Lie algebra. The construction is extended to the current algebra of supersymmetric Wess-Zumino-Witten model. An application to the twisted K-theory on $G$ is discussed.
description: Final version in Commun. Math. Phys
Focusing by Plano-Concave lens using Negative Refraction
Creators: name: Vodo, P.
name: Parimi, P. V.
name: Lu, W. T.
name: Sridhar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate focusing of a plane microwave by a plano-concave lens fabricated from a photonic crystal (PhC) having negative refractive index and left-handed electromagnetic properties. An inverse experiment, in which a plane wave is produced from a source placed at the focal point of the lens is also reported. A frequency dependent negative refractive index, is obtained for the lens from the experimental data which matches well with that determined from band structure calculations.
Author Correction: Combined protein and transcript single-cell RNA sequencing in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells
Creators: name: Pattarabanjird, Tanyaporn
name: Saigusa, Ryosuke
name: Ehinger, Erik
name: Lanier, Lewis L.
name: Tien, Phyllis C.
name: Ley, Klaus
name: Mack, Wendy J.
name: McNamara, Coleen A.
name: Alimadadi, Ahmad
name: Weber, Kathleen M.
name: Kaplan, Robert C.
name: Suryawanshi, Vasantika
name: Roy, Payel
name: Lazar, Jason M.
name: Tracy, Russell P.
name: Ofotokun, Igho
name: Hodis, Howard N.
name: Shemesh, Avishai
name: Suthahar, Sujit Silas Armstrong
name: Ghosheh, Yanal
name: Gulati, Rishab
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Durant, Christopher P.
name: Hedrick, Catherine C.
name: Vallejo, Jenifer
name: Landay, Alan L.
name: Hanna, David B.
name: Heath, Sonya L.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2022

description:
Author Correction to "Combined protein and transcript single-cell RNA sequencing in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells"
Charge Hall effect driven by spin-dependent chemical potential gradients and Onsager relations in mesoscopic systems
Creators: name: Hankiewicz, E. M.
name: Li, Jian
name: Jungwirth, Tomas
name: Niu, Qian
name: Shen, Shun-Qing
name: Sinova, Jairo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study theoretically the spin-Hall effect as well as its reciprocal phenomenon (a transverse charge current driven by a spin-dependent chemical potential gradient) in electron and hole finite size mesoscopic systems. The Landauer-Buttiker-Keldysh formalism is used to model samples with mobilities and Rashba coupling strengths which are experimentally accessible and to demonstrate the appearance of measurable charge currents induced by the spin-dependent chemical potential gradient in the reciprocal spin-Hall effect. We also demonstrate that within the mesoscopic coherent transport regime the Onsager relations are fulfilled for the disorder averaged conductances for electron and hole mesoscopic systems.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, typos corrected
Wave propagation in random media, parameter estimation and damage detection via stochastic Fourier integral operators
Creators: name: Oberguggenberger, Michael
name: Schwarz, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35R50, 35S30, 74J25 (Primary) 35L51 (Secondary)

description: This paper presents a new approach to modelling wave propagation in random, linearly elastic materials, namely by means of Fourier integral operators (FIOs). The FIO representation of the solution to the equations of motion can be used to identify the elastic parameters of the underlying media, as well as their statistical hyperparameters in the randomly perturbed case. A stochastic version of the FIO representation can be used for damage detection. Hypothesis tests are proposed and validated, which are capable of distinguishing between an undamaged and a damaged material, even in the presence of random material parameters. The paper presents both the theoretical fundamentals as well as a numerical experiment, in which the applicability of the proposed method is demonstrated.
Robust and Consistent Estimation of Word Embedding for Bangla Language by fine-tuning Word2Vec Model
Creators: name: Rahman, Rifat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Word embedding or vector representation of word holds syntactical and semantic characteristics of a word which can be an informative feature for any machine learning-based models of natural language processing. There are several deep learning-based models for the vectorization of words like word2vec, fasttext, gensim, glove, etc. In this study, we analyze word2vec model for learning word vectors by tuning different hyper-parameters and present the most effective word embedding for Bangla language. For testing the performances of different word embeddings generated by fine-tuning of word2vec model, we perform both intrinsic and extrinsic evaluations. We cluster the word vectors to examine the relational similarity of words for intrinsic evaluation and also use different word embeddings as the feature of news article classifier for extrinsic evaluation. From our experiment, we discover that the word vectors with 300 dimensions, generated from "skip-gram" method of word2vec model using the sliding window size of 4, are giving the most robust vector representations for Bangla language.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2020 23rd International Conference on Computer and Information Technology (ICCIT), https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/9392738
Sub-wavelength imaging by wire media
Creators: name: Belov, Pavel A.
name: Hao, Yang
name: Sudhakaran, Sunil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Original realization of a lens capable to transmit images with sub-wavelength resolution is proposed. The lens is formed by parallel conducting wires and effectively operates as a telegraph: it captures image at the front interface and the transmit it to the back interface without distortion. This regime of operation is called canalization and is inherent in flat lenses formed by electromagnetic crystals. The theoretical estimations are supported by numerical simulations and experimental verification. Sub-wavelength resolution of $λ/15$ and 18% bandwidth of operation are demonstrated at gigahertz frequencies. The proposed lens is capable to transport sub-wavelength images without distortion to nearly unlimited distances since the influence of losses to the lens operation is negligibly small.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, submitted to PRL
Stable high-order cubature formulas for experimental data
Creators: name: Glaubitz, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30, 65D32, 65D05, 42C05

description: In many applications, it is impractical -- if not even impossible -- to obtain data to fit a known cubature formula (CF). Instead, experimental data is often acquired at equidistant or even scattered locations. In this work, stable (in the sense of nonnegative only cubature weights) high-order CFs are developed for this purpose. These are based on the approach to allow the number of data points N to be larger than the number of basis functions K which are integrated exactly by the CF. This yields an (N-K)-dimensional affine linear subspace from which cubature weights are selected that minimize certain norms corresponding to stability of the CF. In the process, two novel classes of stable high-order CFs are proposed and carefully investigated.
description: 30 pages
Team Infrastructure Roles: Charting the Path for Future Leaders
Creators: name: Plomp, Esther
name: Bennett, Arielle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Presentation by Arielle and Esther for the Researcher Education and Development Scholarship Conference 2024 conference (REDS2024) on Developing Research Leaders Fit for the Future, taking place online on 10 October 2024.

Abstract: 

The current structure of higher education focuses strongly on Principle Investigators that lead research groups. This hierarchical structure leaves little space for other research professionals to take leadership roles, including team infrastructure roles (staff supporting research through specialised skills, while not having primary responsibility for conceiving or leading research projects). This contribution navigates through the intricacies of how research infrastructure professionals can transcend traditional support roles to emerge as trailblazers in research leadership, and presents a vision of what research leadership could look like in 2050. By fostering an environment conducive to professional development and strategic integration of human infrastructure, higher education organisations can accelerate research outcomes and societal impact.
Ergoregion instability and echoes for braneworld black holes: Scalar, electromagnetic and gravitational perturbations
Creators: name: Dey, Ramit
name: Biswas, Shauvik
name: Chakraborty, Sumanta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of higher dimensional braneworld scenario, we have argued that the occurrence of horizonless exotic compact objects, as an alternative to classical black holes, are more natural. These exotic compact objects carry a distinctive signature of the higher dimension, namely a tidal charge parameter, inherited from the projection of the higher dimensional Weyl tensor onto the four dimensional spacetime we live in. Due to the absence of any horizon, rotating exotic compact objects are often unstable because of superradiance. Interestingly, these higher dimensional exotic compact objects, in the presence of the tidal charge, are more stable than their four dimensional counterpart. A similar inference is drawn by analysing the static modes associated with these exotic compact objects, irrespective of the nature of the perturbation i.e., it holds true for scalar, electromagnetic and also gravitational perturbation. The post-merger ringdown phase of the exotic compact object in the braneworld scenario, which can be described in terms of the quasi-normal modes, holds plethora of information regarding the nature of the higher dimension. In this connection we have discussed the analytical computation of the quasi-normal modes as well as their numerical estimation for perturbations of arbitrary spin, depicting existence of echoes in the ringdown waveform. As we have demonstrated, the echoes in the ringdown waveform depends explicitly on the tidal charge parameter and hence its future detection can provide constraints on the tidal charge parameter, which in turn will enable us to provide a possible bound on the length of the extra dimension.
description: published version
Einführung in die Anglikanisch/Römisch-katholische Erklärung über die Eucharistie
Creators: name: Gassmann, Günther
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 21 Nr. 2 (1972): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 21, Heft 2
Measurement of the decay K+-->[pi]+vv
Creators: name: Bergbusch, Paul C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Experiment 787 at Brookhaven National Laboratory, is a sensitive search for the decay of a positively-charged kaon into a positively-charged pion, a neutrino, and an anti-neutrino: K+ —> π+vv. This extremely rare decay is expected to occur in the Standard Model with a branching ratio of (0.8 ± 0.3) x 10[superscript -10]. It also serves as a hunting ground for new physics. Data collected between 1995 and 1997 contains one event consistent with K+ —> π+vv, with background estimated to contribute 0.08 ± 0.02 events. Because this event survives the tightest data-selection cuts which further reduce the estimated background to 0.006 ± 0.002 events, it is likely due to K+ —> π+vv. 3.24 x 10[superscript 12] kaons were collected with an acceptance for K+ --> π+vv of (0.21 ± 0.02)%, resulting in a K+ --> π+vv branching ratio of 1.5[superscript +3.4, subscript -1.2] x 10[superscript -10] . The weak coupling of top to down quarks, parameterized by the Cabibbo-Kobayashi- Maskawa matrix element Vtd, is calculated to lie in the range 0.002 < |Vtd| < 0.04. The upper limit on the K+ --> π+f branching ratio, for massless f and for no events observed, is 1.1 x 10[superscript -10] at the 90% confidence level.
Target Detection within Nonhomogeneous Clutter via Total Bregman Divergence-Based Matrix Information Geometry Detectors
Creators: name: Hua, Xiaoqiang
name: Ono, Yusuke
name: Peng, Linyu
name: Cheng, Yongqiang
name: Wang, Hongqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information divergences are commonly used to measure the dissimilarity of two elements on a statistical manifold. Differentiable manifolds endowed with different divergences may possess different geometric properties, which can result in totally different performances in many practical applications. In this paper, we propose a total Bregman divergence-based matrix information geometry (TBD-MIG) detector and apply it to detect targets emerged into nonhomogeneous clutter. In particular, each sample data is assumed to be modeled as a Hermitian positive-definite (HPD) matrix and the clutter covariance matrix is estimated by the TBD mean of a set of secondary HPD matrices. We then reformulate the problem of signal detection as discriminating two points on the HPD matrix manifold. Three TBD-MIG detectors, referred to as the total square loss, the total log-determinant and the total von Neumann MIG detectors, are proposed, and they can achieve great performances due to their power of discrimination and robustness to interferences. Simulations show the advantage of the proposed TBD-MIG detectors in comparison with the geometric detector using an affine invariant Riemannian metric as well as the adaptive matched filter in nonhomogeneous clutter.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Inverted all-inorganic nanorod-based light-emitting diodes via electrophoretic deposition
Creators: name: Zhang, Yongliang
name: Jia, Na
name: Laishram, Devika
name: Shah, Khizar Hussain
name: Lyu, Lin
name: Gao, Mei-Yan
name: Liu, Pai
name: Sun, Xiao-Wei
name: Soulimane, Tewfik
name: Ma, Zhenhui
name: Silien, Christophe
name: Ryan, Kevin M.
name: Liu, Ning
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 51
subject: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: High performance and high stability in all-inorganic solution processed nanocrystal-based light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are highly attractive for large area devices compared to organic material-based LEDs. In this work, an inverted all-inorganic LED structure is designed to have an easy integration with thin-film transistors. Adopting robust inorganic materials such as Ni1−xO nanoparticle films as a hole transport layer (HTL) is beneficial for the performance of LED. Herein, we have optimized the HTL by introducing Mg into Ni1−xO to bridge the difference in energy offset between the nanorod emissive layer and the HTL, in addition to the advantages of low temperature solubility of Ni1−xO:Mg nanoparticles. Furthermore, CdSe/CdS-based nanorods via electrophoretic deposition (EPD) are amassed in a vertically aligned (VANR) fashion as an emissive layer to facilitate the carrier transportation. Fostering these approaches enabled an EQE of 1.2% of the fabricated device, establishing the viability for further development of efficient and highly stable nanocrystal-based LEDs.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Pontoppidan, Erik
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1761

description: Vedr. oversendelse av et par ryper til duchesse de Portland
description: Dahl nr.: 414. Polydoc nr. 1: 392. Polydoc nr. 2: 39.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Klevenfeldt, Terkel
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1761

description: Vedr. innsamling av dyr, planter og mineraler
description: Dahl nr.: 416. Polydoc nr. 1: 391. Polydoc nr. 2: 38.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Ascanius, Peder
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1762

description: Vedr. innsamling og preparering av dyr m.m.
description: Dahl nr.: 478. Polydoc nr. 1: 393. Polydoc nr. 2: 40.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Stabel, Johannes Brun
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1763

description: Vedr. et brev fra Linné til brevskriveren
description: Dahl nr.: 497. Polydoc nr. 1: 394. Polydoc nr. 2: 41.
Morphological and genetic characterization of four Gobies (Gobiiformes: Gobiidae) commonly found in the Black Sea
Creators: name: KARADURMUŞ, Uğur
name: USTAOĞLU, Dilek
name: ÖZTÜRK, Rafet Çağrı
name: TERZI, Yahya
name: AYDIN, Mehmet
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2024

description: This study aims to reveal the morphometric and genetic variations of the four presumed taxa within the gobies; rocky goby (Gobius paganellus Linnaeus, 1758), black goby (G. niger Linnaeus, 1758), knout goby (Mesogobius batrachocephalus (Pallas, 1814)) and round goby (Neogobius melanostomus (Pallas, 1814)). The specimens were collected along the Turkish coast of the Eastern Black Sea Region, and conventional morphometric characters were measured on 302 fish specimens. Intraspecific variations of morphological characters relative to body size [total length (TL)] were measured for each species. The multivariate (PCA) and univariate (ANOVA) analyses showed that G. paganellus and G. niger have coinciding characteristics, whereas M. batrachocephalus was clearly morphometrically different. N. melanostomus is separated from the other species by the highest body depth and caudal peduncle depth. The first two principal components (PC1, PC2) explained 92.9% of the variation between the species. Four goby species were genetically identified and characterized based on 16S rRNA and COI gene sequences. Reference COI sequences of G. paganellus and G. niger from the Black Sea were generated and deposited GenBank for the first time. In addition, 16S rRNA sequences of G. niger, G. paganellus, M. batrachocephalus, and N. melanostomus have been published for the first time for the Black Sea populations of these species. Despite morphological similarities observed between G. paganellus and G. niger, 16S rRNA and COI revealed notable genetic divergence close to that observed between genera.
Large Observed $v_2$ as a Signature for Deconfinement
Creators: name: Horowitz, W. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new plot for representing RAA data that emphasizes the strong correlation between high-pt suppression and its elliptic anisotropy. We demonstrate that existing models cannot reproduce the centrality dependence of this correlation. Modification of a geometric energy loss model to include thermal absorption and stimulated emission can match the trend of the data, but requires dN/dy values inconsistent with the observed multiplicity. By including a small, outward-normal directed surface impulse opposing energy loss, $Δpt \hat{n}$, one can account for the centrality dependence of the observed Au+Au elliptic quench pattern. We also present predictions for Cu+Cu reactions.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, QM2005 Poster Proceedings. Refereed version updated with minor changes to the text
Spatiotemporal niche overlap, asymmetric reproductive interference, and population genetics between the sympatric species, Rhododendron diversipilosum and Rhododendron subarcticum, in alpine fellfield habitat
Creators: name: Shiotani, Yuki
name: Kudo, Gaku
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Reproductive interference between sympatric-related species often causes adverse impacts on rare species, which increases the risk of local extinction, particularly in small and isolated populations. To evaluate the congeneric interactions in alpine plants, we compared the ecological and genetic properties and assessed the reproductive interference between tetraploid Rhododendron diversipilosum (widespread species) and diploid Rhododendron subarcticum (rare species in alpine fellfields) in northern Japan. In alpine fellfields, R. diversipilosum is commonly distributed close to shrubby patches, whereas R. subarcticum tends to grow in more exposed places, although they are sometimes mixed. R. subarcticum initiated flowering one week earlier; however, the flowering periods overlapped between species, indicating incomplete phenological isolation. The pollination experiment showed that both species were self-incompatible. Furthermore, heterospecific pollination occurred only for R. subarcticum; however, hybrid seeds seldom germinated. These results indicate that reproductive interference is asymmetric between species, where only the rare R. subarcticum may suffer from heterospecific pollination. Genetic analysis showed that R. subarcticum populations had lower genetic diversity but higher divergence among populations than R. diversipilosum. Although spatiotemporal niche separations may mitigate reproductive interference, the risk of local extinction could be higher in R. subarcticum populations because of isolated distributions with low genetic diversity.
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Tonning, Henrik
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1766

description: Tonnings beskrivelse av en reise fra Røros til Falun
description: Dahl nr.: 618. Polydoc nr. 1: 397. Polydoc nr. 2: 45.
Resolving the sign ambiguity in Delta Gamma_s with B_s -> D_s K
Creators: name: Nandi, Soumitra
name: Nierste, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The analysis of tagged B_s -> J/psi phi decays determines the CP phase phi_s in B_s-anti-B_s mixing with a two-fold ambiguity. The solutions differ in the sign of cos(phi_s) which equals the sign of the width difference Delta Gamma_s among the two B_s mass eigenstates. We point out that this ambiguity can be removed with the help of B_s -> D_s K decays. We compare untagged and tagged strategies and find the tagged analysis more promising. The removal of the sign ambiguity in Delta Gamma_s can be done with relatively low statistics and could therefore be a target for the early stage of B_s -> D_s K studies.
description: 6 pages, 2 eps figures, typos in Eqs. (8) and (11) corrected
Chiral edge modes in evolutionary game theory: a kagome network of rock-paper-scissors
Creators: name: Yoshida, Tsuneya
name: Mizoguchi, Tomonari
name: Hatsugai, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically demonstrate the realization of a chiral edge mode in a system beyond natural science. Specifically, we elucidate that a kagome network of rock-paper-scissors (K-RPS) hosts a chiral edge mode of the population density which is protected by the non-trivial topology in the bulk. The emergence of the chiral edge mode is demonstrated by numerically solving the Lotka-Volterra (LV) equation. This numerical result can be intuitively understood in terms of cyclic motion of a single RPS cycle which is analogues to the cyclotron motion of fermions. Furthermore, we point out that a linearized LV equation is mathematically equivalent to the Schrödinger equation describing quantum systems. This equivalence allows us to clarify the topological origin of the chiral edge mode in the K-RPS; a non-zero Chern number of the payoff matrix induces the chiral edge mode of the population density, which exemplifies the bulk-edge correspondence in two-dimensional systems described by evolutionary game theory.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
[Brev til Johan Ernst Gunnerus]
Creators: name: Wargentin, Pehr W.
name: Gunnerus, Johan Ernst
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1766

description: Gunnerus velges inn i Kungl. Svenska Vetenskapsakademien
description: Dahl nr.: 623. Polydoc nr. 1: 398. Polydoc nr. 2: 46.
Geometry of the Weil-Petersson completion of Teichmüller space
Creators: name: Wolpert, Scott A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32G15

description: We present a view of the current understanding of the geometry of Weil-Petersson (WP) geodesics on the completion of the Teichmüller space. We sketch a collection of results by other authors and then proceed to develop the properties of the WP CAT(0) geometry. Our approach includes a simplified proof of the Masur-Wolf theorem, a classification of flats and of geodesic limits.
description: 50 pages