cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
SAT Encodings for Pseudo-Boolean Constraints Together With At-Most-One Constraints
Creators: name: Bofill, Miquel
name: Coll, Jordi
name: Nightingale, Peter
name: Suy, Josep
name: Ulrich-Oltean, Felix
name: Villaret, Mateu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.3
subject: 68T27

description: When solving a combinatorial problem using propositional satisfiability (SAT), the encoding of the problem is of vital importance. We study encodings of Pseudo-Boolean (PB) constraints, a common type of arithmetic constraint that appears in a wide variety of combinatorial problems such as timetabling, scheduling, and resource allocation. In some cases PB constraints occur together with at-most-one (AMO) constraints over subsets of their variables (forming PB(AMO) constraints). Recent work has shown that taking account of AMOs when encoding PB constraints using decision diagrams can produce a dramatic improvement in solver efficiency. In this paper we extend the approach to other state-of-the-art encodings of PB constraints, developing several new encodings for PB(AMO) constraints. Also, we present a more compact and efficient version of the popular Generalized Totalizer encoding, named Reduced Generalized Totalizer. This new encoding is also adapted for PB(AMO) constraints for a further gain. Our experiments show that the encodings of PB(AMO) constraints can be substantially smaller than those of PB constraints. PB(AMO) encodings allow many more instances to be solved within a time limit, and solving time is improved by more than one order of magnitude in some cases. We also observed that there is no single overall winner among the considered encodings, but efficiency of each encoding may depend on PB(AMO) characteristics such as the magnitude of coefficient values.
Constraints on scalar diffusion anomaly in three-dimensional flows having bounded velocity gradients
Creators: name: Tran, Chuong V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study is concerned with the decay behaviour of a passive scalar $θ$ in three-dimensional flows having bounded velocity gradients. Given an initially smooth scalar distribution, the decay rate $d/dt$ of the scalar variance $$ is found to be bounded in terms of controlled physical parameters. Furthermore, in the zero diffusivity limit, $κ\to0$, this rate vanishes as $κ^{α_0}$ if there exists an $α_0\in(0,1]$ independent of $κ$ such that $\sim e^{-γt}$, where $γ>0$ is independent of $κ$.
description: 6-7 journal pages, no figures. accepted for publication by Phys. Fluids
Refining the Semantics of Epistemic Specifications
Creators: name: Su, Ezgi Iraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Answer set programming (ASP) is an efficient problem-solving approach, which has been strongly supported both scientifically and technologically by several solvers, ongoing active research, and implementations in many different fields. However, although researchers acknowledged long ago the necessity of epistemic operators in the language of ASP for better introspective reasoning, this research venue did not attract much attention until recently. Moreover, the existing epistemic extensions of ASP in the literature are not widely approved either, due to the fact that some propose unintended results even for some simple acyclic epistemic programs, new unexpected results may possibly be found, and more importantly, researchers have different reasonings for some critical programs. To that end, Cabalar et al. have recently identified some structural properties of epistemic programs to formally support a possible semantics proposal of such programs and standardise their results. Nonetheless, the soundness of these properties is still under debate, and they are not widely accepted either by the ASP community. Thus, it seems that there is still time to really understand the paradigm, have a mature formalism, and determine the principles providing formal justification of their understandable models. In this paper, we mainly focus on the existing semantics approaches, the criteria that a satisfactory semantics is supposed to satisfy, and the ways to improve them. We also extend some well-known propositions of here-and-there logic (HT) into epistemic HT so as to reveal the real behaviour of programs. Finally, we propose a slightly novel semantics for epistemic ASP, which can be considered as a reflexive extension of Cabalar et al.'s recent formalism called autoepistemic ASP.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2021, arXiv:2109.07914
Relaxation times in an open interacting two-qubit system
Creators: name: Dubi, Y.
name: Di Ventra, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a two-qubit system the coupling with an environment affects considerably the entanglement dynamics, and usually leads to the loss of entanglement within a finite time. Since entanglement is a key feature in the application of such systems to quantum information processing, it is highly desirable to find a way to prolonging its lifetime. We present a simple model of an interacting two-qubit system in the presence of a thermal Markovian environment. The qubits are modeled as interacting spin-$\half$ particles in a magnetic field and the environment is limited to inducing single spin-flip events. A simple scheme allows us to calculate the relaxation rates for all processes. We show that the relaxation dynamics of the most entangled state exhibit critical slowing down as a function of the magnetic field, where the relaxation rate changes from exponentially small values to finite values in the zero-temperature limit. We study the effect of temperature and magnetic field on all the other relaxation rates and find that they exhibit unusual properties, such as non-monotonic dependence on temperature and a discontinuity as a function of magnetic field. In addition, a simple scheme to include non-Markovian effects is presented and applied to the two-qubit model. We find that the relaxation rates exhibit a sharp, cusp-like resonant structure as a function of the environment memory-time, and that for long memory-times all the different relaxation rates merge into a single one.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Exploring the heterogeneity in relationship between heat exposure and land development in Mumbai, India: a framework to address urban vulnerability in developing megacities
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Arnab
name: Li, Xijing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Informal settlements in developing megacities are often vulnerable to extreme heat and other environmental hazards. Yet, understanding of this vulnerability remains limited due to inadequate attention to the relationships between characteristics of the built environment and land surface temperature. To address this, we focus on the Mumbai region and employ a Geographically Development-Weighted Regression model that can link land surface temperature with datasets that can capture key characteristics of the built environment, particularly formal or informal settlement types and infrastructure quality. We find the existence of spatial heterogeneity in these relationships suggesting that informal settlements are correlated with higher land surface temperatures, especially under low development conditions. We also find that this effect grows with settlement size, and that the growth in these settlements would increase land surface temperature. We conclude with some guidance for planners and policymakers.
Downstream migratory behavior of sockeye salmon fry, with particular reference to predation
Creators: name: Delaney, Peter Wayne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Various aspects of downstream migratory behavior of sockeye salmon fry (pncorhynchus nerka) were examined in a series of field and laboratory experiments. The field work at the Department of tie Environment (Fisheries and Marine Service) Fulton Eiver spawning channels, Babine Lake, British Columbia, was concerned with the predation by rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) and whitefish (Prosopium williamsoni) on sockeye fry with various kinds of prior experience. The laboratory studies focused on the effects of exposure to light on the behavior of emerging and recently emerged fry. The results showed that : (1) the number of fry moving downstream varies throughout the nightly migration period; (2) the presence cf predators modifies the movement pattern of migrating fry, such that the fry tend to move downstream over a more concentrated time period; (3) fry response to predators tends not to be predator-specific, migrating fry respond similarly to different species of predators; (4) emergent fry are not all similar in their migratory behavior, some tend to migrate rapidly (fast migrants), while others migrate at a slower rate (slow migrants); (5) generally fry with prior experience to predators displayed different migratory behavior compared to fast and slow migrants; and (6) subjecting newly-emerged fry to increasing time periods of light treatment and fry densities, alters behavior patterns. It is concluded that fry commencing downstream movement are not all similar in their migratory behavior. Begardless of the basis for the behavioral difference between fast and slow migrants, the presence of predators modifies and enhances downstream movement. Further, subjecting premigratory fry to light, alters downstream movement and behavioral interactions between fry.
Constituent gluon interpretation of glueballs and gluelumps
Creators: name: Boulanger, N.
name: Buisseret, F.
name: Mathieu, V.
name: Semay, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arguments are given that support the interpretation of the lattice QCD glueball and gluelump spectra in terms of bound states of massless constituent gluons with helicity-1. In this scheme, the mass hierarchy of the currently known gluelumps and glueballs is mainly due to the number of constituent gluons and can be understood within a simple flux tube model. It is also argued that the lattice QCD $0^{+-}$ glueball should be seen as a four-gluon bound state. The flux tube model allows for a parameter-free computation of its mass, which is in good agreement with lattice QCD.
description: 3 figures, use of package youngtab
Automating Trade Data Extraction for Economic Insights
Creators: name: Sethi, Simran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: The increased volume of coverage towards international commerce calls for increased efficient and reliable methods to retrieve such information. This paper presents a fully automated pipeline that retrieves trade-related news articles from different publishers, translates them where needed, and categorizes them into predefined economic spheres in order to analyze the region’s predominant discussion points. It is suggested that this system utilizes unsupervised learning methods NLP, and domain specific heuristics to automate the public discourse analysis on trade. We position our work in the context of other papers encompassing tariff pass-through, lexicographic trade biases, and dynamic topic modeling to mark discourse shifts. This was done to demonstrate the hybrid human-machine pipeline's efficacy for providing timely and contextually relevant information for economic analysis. Our results highlight the importance of the human-machine hybrid pipeline that performs the tasks of translation, classification, and tagging without much delay. Keywords: Automated text classification, trade data extraction, natural language processing (NLP), dictionary-based tagging, topic modelling, machine translation, Asia-Pacific region, media analytics, real-time monitoring, economic analysis.
Wigner solids of domain wall skyrmions
Creators: name: Yang, Kaifeng
name: Nagase, Katsumi
name: Hirayama, Yoshiro
name: Mishima, Tetsuya D.
name: Santos, Michael B.
name: Liu, Hongwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection and characterization of a different type of topological excitations, namely the domain wall (DW) skyrmion, has received increasing attention because the DW is ubiquitous from condensed matter to particle physics and cosmology. Here we present experimental evidence for the DW skyrmion as the ground state stabilized by long-range Coulomb interactions in a quantum Hall ferromagnet. We develop an alternative approach using nonlocal resistance measurements together with a local NMR probe to measure the effect of low-current-induced dynamic nuclear polarization and thus to characterize the DW under equilibrium conditions. The dependence of nuclear spin relaxation in the DW on temperature, filling factor, quasiparticle localization, and effective magnetic fields allows us to interpret this ground state and its possible phase transitions in terms of Wigner solids of the DW skyrmion. These results demonstrate the importance of studying the intrinsic properties of quantum states that has been largely overlooked.
description: 42 pages, 16 figures, 1 table
A framework for assessing the contribution of UK local authorities toward compliance with the EU ambient air quality directive
Creators: name: Fremantle, Katherine
name: De Vito, Laura
name: Williams, Ben
name: Longhurst, James
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Implementation outcomes of the Ambient Air Quality Directive (AAQD) (2008/50/EC)) are weak across European Union (EU) member states. In the UK, Local Authorities (LAs) must work toward reducing air pollution, however, means of assessing the extent and effectiveness of their contribution are limited. This paper develops a framework to evaluate policies implemented by UK LAs to address air pollution and applies it to Air Quality Action Plans (AQAP) of five cities. It looks at how, and the extent to which, LA air quality policies align with AAQD requirements, thus advancing empirical and academic knowledge on implementation literature surrounding multi-level governance, specifically the policy disconnect between the AAQD and UK Local Air Quality Management (LAQM). The application of the framework shows how LAs can better integrate AQAPs into their LAQM plans to assess, develop, improve and implement their air quality policies on the ground.
All solvable extensions of a class of nilpotent Lie algebras of dimension n and degree of nilpotency n-1
Creators: name: Snobl, Libor
name: Winternitz, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct all solvable Lie algebras with a specific n-dimensional nilradical n_(n,2) (of degree of nilpotency (n-1) and with an (n-2)-dimensional maximal Abelian ideal). We find that for given n such a solvable algebra is unique up to isomorphisms. Using the method of moving frames we construct a basis for the Casimir invariants of the nilradical n_(n,2). We also construct a basis for the generalized Casimir invariants of its solvable extension s_(n+1) consisting entirely of rational functions of the chosen invariants of the nilradical.
description: 19 pages; added references, changes mainly in introduction and conclusions, typos corrected; submitted to J. Phys. A, version to be published
Critical evaluation of the computational methods used in the forced polymer translocation
Creators: name: Lehtola, V. V.
name: Linna, R. P.
name: Kaski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In forced polymer translocation, the average translocation time, $τ$, scales with respect to pore force, $f$, and polymer length, $N$, as $τ\sim f^{-1} N^β$. We demonstrate that an artifact in Metropolis Monte Carlo method resulting in breakage of the force scaling with large $f$ may be responsible for some of the controversies between different computationally obtained results and also between computational and experimental results. Using Langevin dynamics simulations we show that the scaling exponent $β\le 1 + ν$ is not universal, but depends on $f$. Moreover, we show that forced translocation can be described by a relatively simple force balance argument and $β$ to arise solely from the initial polymer configuration.
Method for finding the critical temperature of the island in a SET structure
Creators: name: Toppari, J. J.
name: Kühn, T.
name: Halvari, A. P.
name: Paraoanu, G. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to measure the critical temperature of the island of a superconducting single electron transistor. The method is based on a sharp change in the slope of the zero-bias conductance as a function of temperature. We have used this method to determine the superconducting phase transition temperature of the Nb island of an superconducting single electron transistor with Al leads. We obtain $T_\mathrm{c}^\mathrm{Nb}$ as high as 8.5 K and gap energies up to $Δ_\mathrm{Nb}\simeq 1.45$ meV. By looking at the zero bias conductance as a function of magnetic field instead of temperature, also the critical field of the island can be determined. Using the orthodox theory, we have performed extensive numerical simulations of charge transport properties in the SET at temperatures comparable to the gap, which match very well the data, therefore providing a solid theoretical basis for our method.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Generating Explainable Rule Sets from Tree-Ensemble Learning Methods by Answer Set Programming
Creators: name: Takemura, Akihiro
name: Inoue, Katsumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a method for generating explainable rule sets from tree-ensemble learners using Answer Set Programming (ASP). To this end, we adopt a decompositional approach where the split structures of the base decision trees are exploited in the construction of rules, which in turn are assessed using pattern mining methods encoded in ASP to extract interesting rules. We show how user-defined constraints and preferences can be represented declaratively in ASP to allow for transparent and flexible rule set generation, and how rules can be used as explanations to help the user better understand the models. Experimental evaluation with real-world datasets and popular tree-ensemble algorithms demonstrates that our approach is applicable to a wide range of classification tasks.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2021, arXiv:2109.07914
Directionally Convex Ordering of Random Measures, Shot Noise Fields and Some Applications to Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Blaszczyszyn, Bartlomiej
name: Yogeshwaran, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Directionally convex ($dcx$) ordering is a tool for comparison of dependence structure of random vectors that also takes into account the variability of the marginal distributions. When extended to random fields it concerns comparison of all finite dimensional distributions. Viewing locally finite measures as non-negative fields of measure-values indexed by the bounded Borel subsets of the space, in this paper we formulate and study the $dcx$ ordering of random measures on locally compact spaces. We show that the $dcx$ order is preserved under some of the natural operations considered on random measures and point processes, such as deterministic displacement of points, independent superposition and thinning as well as independent, identically distributed marking. Further operations such as position dependent marking and displacement of points though do not preserve the $dcx$ order on all point processes, are shown to preserve the order on Cox point processes. We also examine the impact of $dcx$ order on the second moment properties, in particular on clustering and on Palm distributions. Comparisons of Ripley's functions, pair correlation functions as well as examples seem to indicate that point processes higher in $dcx$ order cluster more. As the main result, we show that non-negative integral shot-noise fields with respect to $dcx$ ordered random measures inherit this ordering from the measures. Numerous applications of this result are shown, in particular to comparison of various Cox processes and some performance measures of wireless networks, in both of which shot-noise fields appear as key ingredients. We also mention a few pertinent open questions.
description: Accepted in Advances in Applied Probability. Propn. 3.2 strengthened and as a consequence Cor 6.1,6.2,6.3
Natlog: a Lightweight Logic Programming Language with a Neuro-symbolic Touch
Creators: name: Tarau, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce Natlog, a lightweight Logic Programming language, sharing Prolog's unification-driven execution model, but with a simplified syntax and semantics. Our proof-of-concept Natlog implementation is tightly embedded in the Python-based deep-learning ecosystem with focus on content-driven indexing of ground term datasets. As an overriding of our symbolic indexing algorithm, the same function can be delegated to a neural network, serving ground facts to Natlog's resolution engine. Our open-source implementation is available as a Python package at https://pypi.org/project/natlog/ .
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2021, arXiv:2109.07914
SDSS J092712.65+294344.0: Recoiling Black Hole or A Sub-parsec Binary Candidate?
Creators: name: Bogdanovic, Tamara
name: Eracleous, Michael
name: Sigurdsson, Steinn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for recoiling supermassive black hole candidates recently yielded the best candidate thus far, SDSS J092712.65+294344.0 reported by Komossa et al. Here we propose the alternative hypothesis that this object is a supermassive black hole binary. From the velocity shift imprinted in the emission-line spectrum we infer an orbital period of ~190 years for a binary mass ratio of 0.1, a secondary black hole mass of 100 million solar masses, and assuming inclination and orbital phase angles of 45 degrees. In this model the origin of the blueshifted narrow emission lines is naturally explained in the context of an accretion flow within the inner rim of the circumbinary disk. We attribute the blueshifted broad emission lines to gas associated with a disk around the accreting secondary black hole. We show that, within the uncertainties, this binary system can be long lived and thus, is not observed in a special moment in time. The orbital motion of the binary can potentially be observed with the VLBA if at least the secondary black hole is a radio emitter. In addition, for the parameters quoted above, the orbital motion will result in a ~100 km/s velocity shift of the emission lines on a time scale of about a year, providing a direct observational test for the binary hypothesis.
description: revised version accepted to ApJ
Distinctly different reactivity of bis(silylenyl)-versus phosphanyl-silylenyl-substituted o-dicarborane towards O2, N2O and CO2
Creators: name: Xiong, Yun
name: Yao, Shenglai
name: Ruzicka, Ales
name: Drieß, Matthias
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften
subject: bis-silylenyl dicarborane
subject: small molecules

description: In stark contrast to the reactivity of the bis-silylenyl dicarborane CB–Si2 (1) [CB = ortho-C,C′-C2B10H10, Si = PhC(tBuN)2Si] towards O2, N2O, and CO2, yielding the same dioxygenation product CB–Si2O2 (2) with a four-membered 1,3,2,4-disiladioxetane ring, the activation of the latter small molecules with the phosphanyl-silylenyl-functionalised CB–SiP (3) {P[double bond, length as m-dash]P[N(tBu)CH2]2} affords with O2 the CB–Si([double bond, length as m-dash]O)P([double bond, length as m-dash]O) silanone-phosphine oxide (4), with N2O the CB–Si([double bond, length as m-dash]O)P silanone-phosphine (5), and with CO2 the CB–Si(O2C[double bond, length as m-dash]O)P silicon carbonate-phosphine (6) and CB–C([double bond, length as m-dash]O)OSiOP ester (7), respectively.
exp(ASPc) : Explaining ASP Programs with Choice Atoms and Constraint Rules
Creators: name: Trieu, Ly Ly
name: Son, Tran Cao
name: Balduccini, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an enhancement of exp(ASP), a system that generates explanation graphs for a literal l - an atom a or its default negation ~a - given an answer set A of a normal logic program P, which explain why l is true (or false) given A and P. The new system, exp(ASPc), differs from exp(ASP) in that it supports choice rules and utilizes constraint rules to provide explanation graphs that include information about choices and constraints.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2021, arXiv:2109.07914. In Proceedings the 37th International Conference on Logic Programming (ICLP 2021)
Model-Independent Jets plus Missing Energy Searches
Creators: name: Alwall, Johan
name: Le, My-Phuong
name: Lisanti, Mariangela
name: Wacker, Jay G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a proposal for performing model-independent jets plus missing energy searches. Currently, these searches are optimized for mSUGRA and are consequently not sensitive to all kinematically-accessible regions of parameter space. We show that the reach of these searches can be broadened by setting limits on the differential cross section as a function of the total visible energy and the missing energy. These measurements only require knowledge of the relevant Standard Model backgrounds and can be subsequently used to limit any theoretical model of new physics. We apply this approach to an example where gluinos are pair-produced and decay to the LSP through a single-step cascade, and show how sensitivity to different gluino masses is altered by the presence of the decay chain. The analysis is closely based upon the current searches done at the Tevatron and our proposal requires only small modifications to the existing techniques. We find that within the MSSM, the gluino can be as light as 125 GeV. The same techniques are applicable to jets and missing energy searches at the Large Hadron Collider.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables, typos corrected
Properties of Alpha Monocerotid meteors from the observation of the 2019 outburst in the Czech Republic
Creators: name: Shrbený, Lukáš
name: Borovička, Jiří
name: Koten, Pavel
name: Spurný, Pavel
name: Štork, Rostislav
name: Hornoch, Kamil
name: Vojáček, Vlastimil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the predicted outburst of the Alpha Monocerotid (AMO) meteor shower on 2019 November 22 with our modernized video and photographic cameras. Due to the short duration and moderate intensity of the outburst, atmospheric trajectories and radiants were obtained for only ten meteors, seven of which included velocities, magnitudes, and orbits. In addition, one incomplete video spectrum was captured. The radiants and orbits were found to be compatible with that of the 1995 outburst. The spectrum confirmed that AMO meteoroids are deficient in sodium. Unlike any other meteor shower, meteor end heights were found to be distributed along a constant level of 90 km for all meteors with magnitudes between +4 and -2 and with atmospheric trajectory lengths up to 40 km. We propose that Alpha Monocerotids were formed from a devolatilized and fragile cometary crust composed from relatively large fundamental grains.
Decomposition of Relations for Multi-model Consistency Preservation
Creators: name: Pepin, Aurélien
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2019
Subjects: software engineering
model-driven software development
model transformations
decomposition of relations
multi-model consistency

description: Im üblichen Softwareentwicklungsprozess beinhaltet die Design-Phase die Erstellung von Modellen des Softwaresystems. Diese Modelle werden nach bestimmten Anforderungen entwickelt und dienen als Dokumentation für Softwareentwickler. UML-Diagramme sind ein Beispiel für häuﬁg verwendete Modelle. Modellgetriebene Softwareentwicklung ist ein Ansatz, bei dem Modelle im Mittelpunkt der Softwareentwicklung stehen. Sie werden ein wichtiger Bestandteil des Softwaresystems, dadurch dass jedes Modell einen bestimmten Aspekt des Systems darstellt. Modelle werden entwickelt, gewartet und getestet. Automatisierte oder teilautomatisierte Modelltransformationen analysieren Modelle und erzeugen Quellcode. Wenn zwei Modelle das gleiche Softwaresystem abbilden, können sie Informationen miteinander gemein haben. In diesem Fall werden sie als zusammenhängend bezeichnet. Beispielsweise haben der Code und das UML-Klassendiagramm eines objektorientierten Softwaresystems gemeinsame Klassennamen. Infolgedessen führt die Änderung eines Modells zu Inkonsistenzen. Die automatisierte oder teilautomatisierte Auﬂösung von Inkonsistenzen wird als Konsistenzhaltung bezeichnet. Darüber hinaus werden Abhängigkeiten zwischen Modellen als Konsistenzrelationen bezeichnet. Diese Relationen sind mit Modelltransformationen assoziiert. Falls eine Konsistenzrelation verletzt wird, modiﬁziert die assoziierte Transformation Modelle, um die Konsistenzrelation zu reparieren. Multi-Modell-Konsistenzhaltung ist ein entstehendes Forschungsgebiet, das sich auf Netzwerke von Konsistenzrelationen bezieht, also darauf, was passiert, wenn mehrere Modelle und Konsistenzrelationen gleichzeitig funktionieren. Netzwerke von Konsistenzrelationen werfen neue Problem auf, zum Beispiel wenn zwei Konsistenzrelationen nicht kompatibel sind. Der Zweck dieser Masterarbeit ist das Design und die Implementierung der Dekomposition von Relationen, einer Optimierungstechnik für Netzwerke von Konsistenzrelationen. Ziel des Dekompositionsverfahrens ist die automatische Erkennung redundanter Informationen innerhalb von Konsistenzrelationen. Das vorgestellte Dekompositionsverfahren verändert Konsistenzspeziﬁkationen nicht. Stattdessen gibt es eine Dekomposition der Speziﬁkation aus. Eine Dekomposition ist eine Menge von unabhängigen und nicht redundanten Konsistenzrelationen. Diese Dekomposition erleichtert die Erkennung möglicher widersprüchlicher Konsistenzrelationen. Dadurch hilft das Dekompositionsverfahren dem Entwickler, Inkompatibilitäten in Konsistenzspeziﬁkationen zu ﬁnden. Der Ansatz dieser Arbeit wird durch die funktionale Korrektheit des Verfahrens und die Anwendbarkeit des Prototyps evaluiert. Die Evaluation zeigt, dass die Verwendung des Verfahrens in einem Konsistenzhaltungsprozess von Vorteil ist.
Dynamics of Non Classically Reproducible Entanglement
Creators: name: Bellomo, Bruno
name: Franco, Rosario Lo
name: Compagno, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate when the quantum correlations of a bipartite system, under the influence of environments with memory, are not reproducible with certainty by a classical local hidden variable model. To this purpose, we compare the dynamics of a Bell inequality with that of entanglement, as measured by concurrence. We find time regions when Bell inequality is not violated even in correspondence to high values of concurrence (up to $\approx 0.8$). We also suggest that these results may be observed by adopting a modification of a recent experimental optical setup. These findings indicate that even highly entangled systems cannot be exploited with certainty in contexts where the non classical reproducibility of quantum correlations is required.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
HI and CO in the circumstellar environment of the oxygen-rich AGB star RX Lep
Creators: name: Libert, Y.
name: Bertre, T. Le
name: Gérard, E.
name: Winters, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Circumstellar shells around AGB stars are built over long periods of time that may reach several million years. They may therefore be extended over large sizes (~1 pc, possibly more), and different complementary tracers are needed to describe their global properties. In the present work, we combined 21-cm HI and CO rotational line data obtained on an oxygen-rich semi-regular variable, RX Lep, to describe the global properties of its circumstellar environment. With the SEST, we detected the CO(2-1) rotational line from RX Lep. The line profile is parabolic and implies an expansion velocity of ~4.2 km/s and a mass-loss rate ~1.7 10^-7 Msun/yr (d = 137 pc). The HI line at 21 cm was detected with the Nancay Radiotelescope on the star position and at several offset positions. The linear shell size is relatively small, ~0.1 pc, but we detect a trail extending southward to ~0.5 pc. The line profiles are approximately Gaussian with an FWHM ~3.8 km/s and interpreted with a model developed for the detached shell around the carbon-rich AGB star Y CVn. Our HI spectra are well-reproduced by assuming a constant outflow (Mloss = 1.65 10^-7 Msun/yr) of ~4 10^4 years duration, which has been slowed down by the external medium. The spatial offset of the HI source is consistent with the northward direction of the proper motion, lending support to the presence of a trail resulting from the motion of the source through the ISM, as already suggested for Mira, RS Cnc, and other sources detected in HI. The source was also observed in SiO (3 mm) and OH (18 cm), but not detected. The properties of the external parts of circumstellar shells around AGB stars should be dominated by the interaction between stellar outflows and external matter for oxygen-rich, as well as for carbon-rich, sources, and the 21-cm HI line provides a very useful tracer of these regions.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
title: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
Creators: name: Ito, Hiro
name: Leonardi, Stefano
name: Pagli, Linda
name: Prencipe, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Schloss Dagstuhl – Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Front Matter
subject: Table of Contents
subject: Preface
subject: Conference Organization

description: Front Matter, Table of Contents, Preface, Conference Organization
description: LIPIcs, Vol. 100, 9th International Conference on Fun with Algorithms (FUN 2018), pages 0:i-0:xi
A theory of rights and obligations
Creators: name: Carter, Rosemary Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: I attempt in this thesis to present a comprehensive theory of rights. The theory is composed of two major parts, the first containing a theory of natural rights, and the second, a theory of what I call special rights. In the first part, I argue that for A to have a natural right to X is for it to be the case that, in virtue of certain natural characteristics of A (which I specify), and in the absence of limiting and certain other conditions (which I also specify), it is prima facie seriously wrong for others to be positively instrumental in A's not having X. I argue that the general natural rights are to life, well-being and autonomy; I then specify what characteristics a creature must have in order to possess any of these general rights. In particular, I argue that a creature must be conscious in order to have a right to well-being, and must be self-conscious in order to have a right to life or autonomy. I follow this with a discussion of what the limitations are on the general natural rights, what constitutes a violation, and when violations are permissible. The second part of the thesis consists of a theory of special rights. An analysis of obligations forms an important part of this theory. I come to the conclusion that for A to have an obligation to B to do 0 is for the following to be true: i. A is subject to a rule which says, if event e occurs, then a is to do o for b, except under conditions t₁-t[sub i]; ii. e occurs; iii. none of the conditions t₁-t[sub i] hold; iv. the event e involves both the obliged and either the intended beneficiary of the rule or someone who is so N related to the intended beneficiary that his loss is also a loss to the intended beneficiary; v. one of the following is true: (a) the obliged could have prevented e by exercising due care; (b) the obliged could have prevented the obliging event by deciding not to act in an obligedness-creating way; i.e. he could have decided not to do e, and he knew e had (or would have) an obligedness-creating property. I argue that obligations and special rights are strictly correlative; that is, if A has an obligation to B to do 0, then B has a special right against A to his doing 0, and vise versa. So, to say that B has a special right against A to his doing 0, is for the same conditions to hold as for A to have an obligation to B to do 0. I then consider when a special right can be waived, what constitutes a violation of a special right, and when violations are permissible. I conclude by arguing that special and natural rights are both rights because of certain important features which they have in common, and that there are no other kinds of genuine rights.
title: From Little Brother to Gayrımeşhur: An Ethnographic Examination of the Role of Affects and Dispositions in the Formation of the Professional Criminal in Ankara, Turkey
Creators: name: Mercan, Boran Ali
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2016

description: This study examines notions of the professional criminal and career criminality in Turkey. Bourdieuian dispositional theory of action and Lacanian psychoanalytically-inflected discourse theory are together employed to understand and explain how one becomes, and continues to be, a professional criminal. The study presents the data from an offender-based ethnography in Ankara, the capital. The research pays special attention to the role of affects in the formation of criminal habitus, thus squarely placing the process of becoming a professional criminal within a process of symbolic identification with available criminal social types. The research reveals that the formation of bodily and mental criminal dispositions of younger, lower-class subaltern offenders can never be considered separately from the implication of their affective investments in the model-image of perceived gayrımeşhur [infamous criminal] 'big brothers' in the street. Moreover, it explains the appeal of a career in crime using the psychoanalytical notion of jouissance (enjoyment): the unconscious pleasure obtained from pursuing and enacting a criminal lifestyle. The unequal distribution of volume and structure of criminal capital among agents is argued to generate, particularly in the drug field, a strategic mutuality between perceived gayrımeşhur big brothers and younger generations who identify with the former. The affectively-constructed strategic proximity between generations transmits the understanding of crime as work from one generation to the next. The other finding of the study is that the modus operandi of professional burglary is put into practice within a structured division of labour in which each individual criminal capital is used collectively to overcome deterrents and effect the intended result: cash and jewellery. This research represents an original contribution to the literature of sociology and criminology by its theoretical neologism in explaining the formation of professional criminal subjectivity and its practice, and also by ethnographically exploring the patterns of crime and criminality in the socio-cultural context of Turkey.
Cryptanalysis of a new chaotic cryptosystem based on ergodicity
Creators: name: Arroyo, David
name: Alvarez, Gonzalo
name: Li, Shujun
name: Li, Chengqing
name: Fernandez, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper analyzes the security of a recent cryptosystem based on the ergodicity property of chaotic maps. It is shown how to obtain the secret key using a chosen-ciphertext attack. Some other design weaknesses are also shown.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Conductivity of electronic liquid-crystalline mesophases
Creators: name: Fernandes, Rafael M.
name: Schmalian, Jörg
name: Westfahl, Harry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the connection between the transport properties and the thermodynamics of electronic systems with a tendency to form broken-symmetry mesophases evocative of the physics of liquid crystals. Through a hydrodynamic approach to the electronic transport in inhomogeneous systems, we develop a perturbative expansion for the macroscopic conductivity to study the transport of two-dimensional smectic and nematic phases. At the fluctuation induced first order phase transition expected for the smectic to isotropic transition, a jump in the macroscopic conductivity is predicted, with a directional dependence that reflects the fluctuation spectrum of the order parameter. When elastic fluctuation modes melt the smectic phase into a nematic phase, the resultant nematic order parameter is shown to be linearly proportional to the conductivity anisotropy. We also outline qualitative comparisons with recent experimental works on strongly correlated materials that show evidences of electronic liquid-crystalline mesophases.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
CYP17A1 polymorphisms and clinical outcome of patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer treated with abiraterone
Ruolo dei polimorfismi genici nel predire l'outcome clinico ad abiraterone nei pazienti con carcinoma prostatico resistente alla castrazione
Creators: name: De Giorgi, Ugo Federico Francesco <1970>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: BIO/14 Farmacologia

description: Background. Abiraterone acetate is a potent inhibitor of cytochrome P450 17 α-hydrolase (CYP17A1) that causes a reduction in the synthesis of testosterone in the adrenal glands, testes and tumor microenvironment. Blocking androgen production, abiraterone has been shown to prolong progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) previously submitted to chemotherapy. The aim of our study was to verify the role of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in predicting clinical outcome in CRPC patients treated with abiraterone after chemotherapy.
Methods. We analyzed 48 CRPC consecutive patients treated with abiraterone after at least one chemotherapeutic regimen with docetaxel. DNA was extracted from peripheral blood and genotyped for four polymorphisms in the CYP17A1 gene (rs743572, rs10883783, rs17115100, rs284849). PFS and OS survival curves were used to identify statistical associations between haplotypes and clinical outcome.
Results. Forty-eight Caucasian patients with metastatic CRPC treated with abiraterone were genotyped for polymorphisms in the CYP17A1 gene. All samples were evaluable for both sequencing and TaqMan Genotyping assay. The CRPC patients treated with abiraterone had a median PFS and OS of 7.6 months (95% CI: 4.3-10.5) and 17.6 months (95% CI: 10.5-19.0), respectively Statistical analyses highlighted a difference approaching statistical significance (log-rank test p = 0.0534) between rs10883783 and PFS. Other polymorphisms were not associated with a benefit from treatment with abiraterone. 
Conclusions. In our case series of 48 treated patients, rs10883783 only was identified as a possible predictive marker, results showing a trend toward statistical significance. Further analysis of this polymorphism is needed in larger series of patients to confirm our findings.
A business case for wind resource assessment using scanning wind lidars
Creators: name: Santos, Pedro
name: Gottschall, Julia
name: Becker, Johannes
name: Schempf, Linda
name: Knörr, Ute
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Presentation at WindEurope 2021: Resource Assessment Quickfires on the first commercial scanning lidar campaign for wind resource assessment in mountainous terrain.
Kerr and free-carrier ultrafast all-optical switching of GaAs/AlAs nanostructures near the three-photon edge of GaAs
Creators: name: Hartsuiker, Alex
name: Harding, Philip J.
name: Nowicki-Bringuier, Yoanna-Reine
name: Gérard, Jean-Michel
name: Vos, Willem L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed non-degenerate pump-probe experiments on a GaAs/AlAs photonic structure. We switched the photonic properties using the optical Kerr effect and free carriers excited by three photon absorption. From these measurements we extracted the non-degenerate Kerr coefficients over a broad wavelength range and we extracted the three photon absorption coefficient for GaAs at three wavelengths in the near infrared. We show that the optical Kerr effect is large enough to switch a cavity resonance with a high \emph{Q} ($Q>1000$) photonic cavity.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures pdf format