cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Ð ÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¹Ð½ÐµÑÐ° Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ðµ IOS
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¿ÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Implementation of a cryptographic container based on denied encryption on the IOS platform
Creators: name: ÐÑÑÐµÐ², Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¹Ð½ÐµÑ
Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð° IOS
cryptography
deniable encryption
cryptographic container
IOS platform

description: Ð Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð·Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÑÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð´Ð° Ðº ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¹Ð½ÐµÑÐ° Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ°Ð½Ñ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¾Ð± Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð¼ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð² Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÑÐ²Ð»ÐµÐ½ ÑÑÐ´ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð² ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð². ÐÑÐ» Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¹Ð½ÐµÑÐ°, ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÑÐ°ÐµÑ Ð½ÐµÐ´Ð¾ÑÑÐ°ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð°Ð»Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¸ÑÐ¼Ð¾Ð². Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÐºÑÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐµÐ°Ð»Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾Ð·Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÐ¸Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÐµÐ¹Ð½ÐµÑÐ° Ð½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°ÐµÐ¼Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð½Ð° Ð¿Ð»Ð°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ðµ IOS.
description: This paper sets out the essence of the approach to creating a cryptographic container based on the denied encryption. General notions of denied encryption are given. The analysis of the algorithms of denied encryption is carried out and a number of shortcomings of the existing algorithms are revealed. A new algorithm for creating a cryptographic container was introduced, which solves the shortcomings of the existing algorithms. Developed a specific software implementation of creating a cryptographic container based on the denied encryption on the IOS platform.
Navigating the Topology of 2x2 Games: An Introductory Note on Payoff Families, Normalization, and Natural Order
Creators: name: Bruns, Bryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91A05 (Primary), 91A44, 91A70 (Secondary)

description: The Robinson-Goforth topology of swaps in adjoining payoffs elegantly arranges 2x2 ordinal games in accordance with important properties including symmetry, number of dominant strategies and Nash Equilibria, and alignment of interests. Adding payoff families based on Nash Equilibria illustrates an additional aspect of this order and aids visualization of the topology. Making ties through half-swaps not only creates simpler games within the topology, but, in reverse, breaking ties shows the evolution of preferences, yielding a natural ordering for the topology of 2x2 games with ties. An ordinal game not only represents an equivalence class of games with real values, but also a discrete equivalent of the normalized version of those games. The topology provides coordinates which could be used to identify related games in a semantic web ontology and facilitate comparative analysis of agent-based simulations and other research in game theory, as well as charting relationships and potential moves between games as a tool for institutional analysis and design.
description: 8 pages including 4 figures in text and 4 plates
Force Majeure, Impossibility, Frustration & the Like: Excuses for Non-Performance; the Historical Origins and Development of an Autonomous Commercial Norm in the CISG
Creators: name: Mazzacano, Peter
Publisher: name: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law
Year: 2011

description: This article considers the extent to which a problematic legal doctrine is an autonomous1 international commercial norm, and capable of relative uniformity within the context of the 1980 United Nations Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (“CISG” or “Convention”)2 and its goal for a sales law that is transnational in design. This norm, is commonly known as force majeure, an Act of God, impossibility, frustration, the German wegfall der geschaftsgrundlage, the French imprevision, and the like, but embodied in CISG Article 79 under the neutral wording of “failure to perform…due to an impediment beyond his control” in CISG. A premise to be explored is that while phrase “failure to perform…due to an impediment beyond his control” in CISG Article 79 may have developed out of an amalgamation of similar national conceptions which, in turn, grew from the conflicting Roman maxims pacta sunt servanda and rebus sic stantibus, Article 79’s excuse for non-performance ultimately stands alone as an autonomous international doctrine under the CISG in private international law. It belongs to a private legal order and is part of the non-state commercial lexicon of the new lex mercatoria. This development plays a crucial role for uniformity in private international law generally, and specifically for international sales law. It supports the idea that in certain cases, particularly in international commercial transactions, individual domestic legal doctrines and norms—some of which evolved out of Roman maxims— can transcend state-based law-making, and may ultimately coalesce into autonomous international principles, regardless of their distinctive development by way of positive law in state-based jurisdictions. Such a development also questions the role of the state in the creation of legal orders. This paper argues that this development of an autonomous legal principle—“failure to perform…due to an impediment beyond his control”—is part of the international commercial lingua franca. Further, this private law-making is also evidence of a growing autonomous global legal culture that is truly independent of any national sovereign. This development affects traditional (i.e. state-based) legal boundaries. The implications for transnational law and global governance is that, in the absence of a supranational legislator, the participants themselves, the international merchants and bankers, are needed—indeed, required—to determine their own legal norms. There is, thus, a greater role for industry practices, custom, and party autonomy in the modern globalized environment.
description: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, No. 2 (2011)
title: ÐÐ½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð²ÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð² Ð² ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ð±Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ 330/110 ÐºÐ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Analysis of steady state and transient conditions in the system 330/110 kV power supply
Creators: name: ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð², ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¾Ñ
ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑ
Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´Ð½ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÑÐµÑÑÑ
Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ
transformer
short circuit
dynamic stability
transient processes
generator

description: ÐÐ¾ Ð²Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¸ ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐµÐ»Ñ Ð¸ Ð·Ð°Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ°. Ð Ð¿ÐµÑÐ²Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¾Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐµÑÐºÐ° Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ. ÐÐ¾ Ð²ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¾Ð¹ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ðµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¾Ð²Ð¸Ð²ÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼Ð° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ ÐºÐ°Ðº ÑÑÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ ÑÐ¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¾Ð¼ Ð¸, ÑÐ°Ðº Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¸ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð³ÑÐ°Ð¼Ð¼Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑÐ° RastrWin. Ð ÑÑÐµÑÑÐµÐ¹ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ðµ Ð¾ÑÑÑÐµÑÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐµÑ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾Ð² Ð½ÐµÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¼ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð² Ð²ÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ. Ð Ð·Ð°ÐºÐ»ÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ðµ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð´Ð¸Ð½Ð°Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÐ¸Ð²Ð¾ÑÑÑ ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ñ Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÐµÑÑÑ ÐµÐµ Ð´Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½ÐµÐ¹ÑÐ°Ñ Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¸Ð·Ð°ÑÐ¸Ñ.
description: The first chapter selects and tests the chosen equipment for the power system. In the second chapter, the steady state regime of the power system is calculated both manually and using the RastrWin software package. In the third chapter, the calculation of unbalanced short circuit currents at the selected point of the power system is carried out. In the final chapter, the dynamic stability of the system is calculated and its further optimization is performed.
Tunable resonances due to vacancies in graphene nanoribbons
Creators: name: Bahamon, D. A.
name: Pereira, A. L. C.
name: Schulz, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent electron transport along zigzag and metallic armchair graphene nanoribbons in the presence of one or two vacancies is investigated. Having in mind atomic scale tunability of the conductance fingerprints, the primary focus is on the effect of the distance to the edges and inter vacancies spacing. An involved interplay of vacancies sublattice location and nanoribbon edge termination, together with the spacing parameters lead to a wide conductance resonance line shape modification. Turning on a magnetic field introduces a new length scale that unveils counter-intuitive aspects of the interplay between purely geometric aspects of the system and the underlying atomic scale nature of graphene.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures, figure and references added
Riemann functions, their weights, and modeling Riemann-Roch formulas as Euler characteristics
Creators: name: Nicolas, Folinsbee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: In this thesis, we discuss modelling with (virtual) k-diagrams a class of functions from ℤⁿ to ℤ, which we call Riemann functions, that generalize the graph Riemann-Roch rank functions of Baker and Norine. The graph Riemann-Roch theorem has seen significant activity in recent years, however, as of yet, there is not a satisfactory homological interpretation of this theorem. This may be viewed as disappointing given the rich homological theory contained in the classical Riemann-Roch theorem. For a graph Riemann-Roch function, we will be able to express the associated graph Riemann-Roch formula as a (virtual) Euler characteristic of the modelling (virtual) k-diagram. From the development of this approach, we obtain a new formula for computing the graph Riemann-Roch rank of the complete graph Kn.
Graphene films with large domain size by a two-step chemical vapor deposition process
Creators: name: Li, Xuesong
name: Magnuson, Carl W.
name: Venugopal, Archana
name: An, Jinho
name: Suk, Ji Won
name: Han, Boyang
name: Borysiak, Mark
name: Cai, Weiwei
name: Velamakanni, Aruna
name: Zhu, Yanwu
name: Fu, Lianfeng
name: Vogel, Eric M.
name: Voelkl, Edgar
name: Colombo, Luigi
name: Ruoff, Rodney S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fundamental properties of graphene are making it an attractive material for a wide variety of applications. Various techniques have been developed to produce graphene and recently we discovered the synthesis of large area graphene by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) of methane on Cu foils. We also showed that graphene growth on Cu is a surface-mediated process and the films were polycrystalline with domains having an area of tens of square microns. In this paper we report on the effect of growth parameters such as temperature, and methane flow rate and partial pressure on the growth rate, domain size, and surface coverage of graphene as determined by Raman spectroscopy, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy. Based on the results, we developed a two-step CVD process to synthesize graphene films with domains having an area of hundreds of square microns. Scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy clearly show an increase in domain size by changing the growth parameters. Transmission electron microscopy further shows that the domains are crystallographically rotated with respect to each other with a range of angles from about 13 degrees to nearly 30 degrees. Electrical transport measurements performed on back-gated FETs show that overall films with larger domains tend to have higher carrier mobility, up to about 16,000 cm2 V-1 s-1 at room temperature.
description: 13 pages, 1 table, 7 figures
Embeddability for Three-Dimensional Cauchy-Riemann Manifolds and CR Yamabe Invariants
Creators: name: Chanillo, Sagun
name: Chiu, Hung-Lin
name: Yang, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V30, 32V20

description: Let M^3 be a closed CR 3-manifold. In this paper we derive a Bochner formula for the Kohn Laplacian in which the pseudo-hermitian torsion plays no role. By means of this formula we show that the non-zero eigenvalues of the Kohn Laplacian are bounded below by a positive constant provided the CR Paneitz operator is non-negative and the Webster curvature is positive. Our lower bound for the non-zero eigenvalues is sharp and is attained on S^3. A consequence of our lower bound is that all compact CR 3-manifolds with non-negative CR Paneitz operator and positive CR Yamabe constant are embeddable. Non-negativity of the CR Paneitz operator and positivity of the CR Yamabe constant are both CR invariant conditions and do not depend on conformal changes of the contact form. In addition we show that under the sufficient conditions above for embeddability, the embedding is stable in the sense of Burns and Epstein. We also show that for the Rossi example for non-embedability, the CR Paneitz operator is negative. For CR structures close to the standard structure on $S^3$ we show the CR Paneitz operator is positive on the space of pluriharmonic functions with respect to the standard CR structure on $S^3$.
description: The new version also proves a partial converse. That is for CR structures close to the standard CR structure on the 3-sphere, embedabillity is shown to imply the non-negativity of the CR Paneitz operator on pluriharmonic functions for the standard CR structure. Typos are corrected, and statement of prop. 1.11 revised
Intellectual Property Law - and Human Rights Finding an Intertwined Way to Promote Development in Developing Countries
Creators: name: Majamaa, Satu
Publisher: name: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law
Year: 2011

description: The World Trade Organization (WTO) was established in 1994.1 Its member states, developing and developed countries have consequently cooperated more than 17 years on issues such as free trade, intellectual property protection and development. Many of the issues that are important to developing countries, like the protection of traditional knowledge, the right to development and access to medicines, have been brought up for discussion even though the economic and social development, especially on Africa’s part, has not been as fast as expected. The right to development was adopted in UN’s declaration in 1986.2 In the declaration, achieving a balance between individuals, groups and states is mentioned as a vital factor in reaching a higher level of development. The international intellectual property system is facing a crisis that highlights the need for a common framework for human rights and intellectual property laws. This kind of framework should aim at defining which system protects whom; the scope of protection; and who receives protection within the framework. It should also define whether the standards that already exist are legally binding and if so, whom these standards bind. Additionally, such framework should form rules that solve the currently existing conflicts between overlapping international and national laws. There is also a need for an institutional actor that would regulate the variety of different lawmaking actors that are currently active in the field, in order to reach sustainable solutions globally. This essay identifies how intellectual property law could help transform conceptions of human rights in aid, into a stronger and more sustainable development process. The second chapter examines what human rights and intellectual property protection has traditionally entailed, focusing also on the intertwined nexus between human rights and intellectual property law. The third chapter begins with presentation of the legal tools that exist, and continues to sketch development tools that could be useful within intellectual property regulation. The fourth chapter describes current problems and examines Okediji’s human rights and cultural narratives that could help form more sustainable legal instruments. Finally, I will draw the conclusion that although there are still many unsolved problems the development is in the hands of developing countries, and not outside their influence.
description: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, No. 2 (2011)
Gamificação: criação de um jogo com adjetivos - Apresentação no Festival do Conhecimento da UFRJ
Creators: name: SILVA, O. A. B. L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Humanidades Digitais
Educação com uso de gamificação
Gamificação
Gamificação de Adjetivos
Como Estimular a Aprendizagem

description: Apresentação sobre o tema de Gamificação da Educação no Festival do Conhecimento da Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro. Link: Gamificação dos Adjetivos - Festival do Conhecimento da UFRJ - YouTube (disponível também na página de extensão da UFRJ)
Discovery of the Onset of Rapid Accretion by a Dormant Massive Black Hole
Creators: name: Burrows, D. N.
name: Kennea, J. A.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Mangano, V.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Page, K. L.
name: Eracleous, M.
name: Romano, P.
name: Sakamoto, T.
name: Falcone, A. D.
name: Osborne, J. P.
name: Campana, S.
name: Beardmore, A. P.
name: Breeveld, A. A.
name: Chester, M. M.
name: Corbet, R.
name: Covino, S.
name: Cummings, J. R.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Esposito, P.
name: Evans, P. A.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Gelbord, J. M.
name: Hiroi, K.
name: Holland, S. T.
name: Huang, K. Y.
name: Im, M.
name: Israel, G.
name: Jeon, Y.
name: Jeon, Y. -B.
name: Kawai, N.
name: Krimm, H. A.
name: Mészáros, P.
name: Negoro, H.
name: Omodei, N.
name: Park, W. -K.
name: Perkins, J. S.
name: Sugizaki, M.
name: Sung, H. -I.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
name: Troja, E.
name: Ueda, Y.
name: Urata, Y.
name: Usui, R.
name: Antonelli, L. A.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
name: Cusumano, G.
name: Giommi, P.
name: Marshall, F. E.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Perri, M.
name: Racusin, J. L.
name: Sbarufatti, B.
name: Siegel, M. H.
name: Gehrels, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black holes are believed to reside at the centres of most galaxies. They can be- come detectable by accretion of matter, either continuously from a large gas reservoir or impulsively from the tidal disruption of a passing star, and conversion of the gravitational energy of the infalling matter to light. Continuous accretion drives Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), which are known to be variable but have never been observed to turn on or off. Tidal disruption of stars by dormant massive black holes has been inferred indirectly but the on- set of a tidal disruption event has never been observed. Here we report the first discovery of the onset of a relativistic accretion-powered jet in the new extragalactic transient, Swift J164449.3+573451. The behaviour of this new source differs from both theoretical models of tidal disruption events and observations of the jet-dominated AGN known as blazars. These differences may stem from transient effects associated with the onset of a powerful jet. Such an event in the massive black hole at the centre of our Milky Way galaxy could strongly ionize the upper atmosphere of the Earth, if beamed towards us.
description: Submitted to Nature. 4 pages, 3 figures (main paper). 26 pages, 13 figures (supplementary information)
Correlated Dirac Fermions on the Honeycomb Lattice studied within Cluster Dynamical Mean Field Theory
Creators: name: Liebsch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The role of non-local Coulomb correlations in the honeycomb lattice is investigated within cluster dynamical mean field theory combined with finite-temperature exact diagonalization. The paramagnetic semi-metal to insulator transition is found to be in excellent agreement with finite-size determinantal Quantum Monte Carlo simulations and with cluster dynamical mean field calculations based on the continuous-time Quantum Monte Carlo approach. As expected, the critical Coulomb energy is much lower than within a local or single-site formulation. Short-range correlations are shown to give rise to a pseudogap and concomitant non-Fermi-liquid behavior within a narrow range below the Mott transition.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
The importance of organizational readiness for change for implementing clinical practice standards in Indonesian obstetric facilities
Creators: name: Laugen, Christian Myers
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Background: Quality improvement initiatives require collective and coordinated actions from multiple members of a health care organization. Preparing health workers prior to implementation by assessing their organizational readiness for change (ORC) may be effective for ensuring greater implementation success. Although common in other fields, measuring readiness in health organizations is less common, especially in lower- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study aims to assess ORC in multiple Indonesian hospitals prior to implementation of a maternal and newborn quality improvement program. Methods: The Organizational Readiness for Change Assessment (ORCA) measurement tool based on the Promoting Action on Research in Health Services (PARIHS) was adapted to the Indonesian context, then internal reliability and factor structure of the primary scales was examined: evidence, context, and facilitation. The Indonesian version of the instrument was administered to respondents in hospitals prior to engagement in program implementation (n=36). Then linear regression analyses were conducted to examine associations between hospital level ORC scores and multiple outcomes of program implementation success, including performance of maternal and newborn clinical standards and provision of related services while adjusting for education level, clinical experience, and leadership experience. Results: Cronbach alpha for the three scales was 0.72, 0.94, 0.97, respectively; confirmatory factor analysis showed good fit for models including items on each of the three scales. The ORCA context scale was positively associated with performance of two maternal clinical standards. A higher ORCA context score was associated with greater implementation of active management of the third stage of labor after one and two implementation quarters (beta = 27.35, 95%CI 1.27, 53.44; beta = 27.71, 95%CI 3.29, 41.59). A higher ORCA context score was also associated with greater implementation of management of severe pre-eclampsia/eclampsia after two and three implementation quarters (beta = 37.46, 95%CI 13.52, 61.41; beta =33.31, 95%CI 8.68, 57.94). Conclusion: This study confirmed the reliability and validity of the ORCA instrument in a middle-income country and added evidence for the utility of assessing ORC prior to quality improvement initiatives in healthcare environments. Health care organizations in LMICs may improve the likelihood of success by addressing ORC prior to program implementation.
Hierarchies of Susy Splittings in Holographic Gauge Mediation
Creators: name: Fischler, W.
name: Garcia, W. Tangarife
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize to string theory a construction, originally proposed in field theory, that generates a hierarchy in the splittings between members of super-multiplets in various sectors of the theory.
description: 11 pages; v2: Minor corrections
title: Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ ÑÐ²ÐµÑÐ´Ð¾ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÐÐ§, Ð¡Ð§ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð° Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ 500 ÐÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Development and research of high-performance solid-state low-frequency, mid-range generator power 500 W
Creators: name: ÐÐ»ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð¾Ð², ÐÐ¸ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð»
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ° D
ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÐ¹ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ
ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÑÐµÐµ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¾
Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ ÐºÐ»Ð°ÑÑÐ° D
Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ
class D operating mode
radio frequency generator
radio transmission device
class D generator
highly efficient generator

description: Ð Ð°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ¾Ð´ÐµÑÐ¶Ð¸Ñ 34 ÑÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ, 12 ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ½ÐºÐ¾Ð², 1 Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð»Ð¾Ð¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¦ÐµÐ»Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ - ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð²ÑÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¾ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾ÑÐ° ÑÐ°Ð´Ð¸Ð¾Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð°, Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð¸Ð·ÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¾Ñ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 500 ÐÑ. ÐÑÐ±Ð¸ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¸Ð±Ð¾Ð»ÐµÐµ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸ ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½ÑÐ¹ ÑÐµÐ¶Ð¸Ð¼, Ð²ÑÐ±Ð¸ÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð Ð§ Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ, ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð°ÑÑÐ²Ð°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð´Ð¸ÐºÐ° ÐµÐ³Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑÑÐ°. Ð ÑÐµÐ·ÑÐ»ÑÑÐ°ÑÐµ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÑÐ°ÐµÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð¸Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¿ÐµÑÐµÐ´Ð°ÑÑÐ¸ÐºÐ° ÐÐ§, Ð¡Ð§ Ð´Ð¸Ð°Ð¿Ð°Ð·Ð¾Ð½Ð°, Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 500 ÐÑ Ñ ÐÐÐ 97%.
description: 34 pages, 12 pictures, 1 appendixes The purpose of the work is to develop a highly efficient generator of a radio-transmitting device, the range of low and medium frequencies with a power of 500 watts. The result is a circuit diagram of the transmitter LF, MF range, with a capacity of 500 W with an efficiency of 97%
Intonation in Kunimaipa (New Guinea)
Creators: name: Pence, Alan (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1964

description: CONTENTS 1INTONATION IN KUNIMAIPA (NEW GUINEA). 1 0. Introduction 1 1. Prenuclear Contour 4 2. Nuclear Contour 8 3. Implications 14Notes 15Bibliography 15
The Bias and Mass Function of Dark Matter Halos in Non-Markovian Extension of the Excursion Set Theory
Creators: name: Ma, Chung-Pei
name: Maggiore, Michele
name: Riotto, Antonio
name: Zhang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The excursion set theory based on spherical or ellipsoidal gravitational collapse provides an elegant analytic framework for calculating the mass function and the large-scale bias of dark matter haloes. This theory assumes that the perturbed density field evolves stochastically with the smoothing scale and exhibits Markovian random walks in the presence of a density barrier. Here we derive an analytic expression for the halo bias in a new theoretical model that incorporates non-Markovian extension of the excursion set theory with a stochastic barrier. This model allows us to handle non-Markovian random walks and to calculate perturbativly these corrections to the standard Markovian predictions for the halo mass function and halo bias. Our model contains only two parameters: kappa, which parameterizes the degree of non-Markovianity and whose exact value depends on the shape of the filter function used to smooth the density field, and a, which parameterizes the degree of stochasticity of the barrier. Appropriate choices of kappa and a in our new model can lead to a closer match to both the halo mass function and halo bias in the latest N-body simulations than the standard excursion set theory.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, MNRAS, in press. Minor changes
Near-Infrared Imaging Survey of Faint Companions around Young Dwarfs in the Pleiades Cluster
Creators: name: Itoh, Yoichi
name: Oasa, Yumiko
name: Funayama, Hitoshi
name: Hayashi, Masahiko
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Hashiguchi, Toshio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted a near-infrared imaging survey of 11 young dwarfs in the Pleiades cluster using the Subaru Telescope and the near-infrared coronagraph imager. We found 10 faint point sources, with magnitudes as faint as 20 mag in the K-band, around 7 dwarfs. Comparison with Spitzer archive images revealed that a pair of the faint sources around V 1171 Tau are very red in the infrared wavelengths, indicative of very low-mass young stellar objects. However, the results of our follow-up proper motion measurements implied that the central star and the faint sources do not share common proper motions, suggesting that they are not physically associated.
description: 13 pages. Accepted for publication in Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Calculation of Royalties in Compulsory Licensing of Pharmaceutical Patents in Europe – How Much is Justified?
Creators: name: Välimäki, Elli
Publisher: name: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law
Year: 2011

description: Rent-seeking companies are not aiming at increasing the quantity of capital services that their asset yields in certain period of time, but rather at investing in intangibles with the objective of gaining high returns in the future. In such cases the quantity is not really contributing to production or the economy. This causes such a company to posses so called monopoly rents, which are gold to the company itself as well as to the stock market, but unfortunately the benefits do not necessarily extend to the national economy.1 Pharmaceutical companies are of such sort. They seek to invest in research and development (R&D) to gain high prices with possible future patented products during the patented lifecycle of their medicine. This causes controversy in the aspect of social welfare. Pharmaceutical companies are often seen as inhumane in their quest for high rents at the price of human lives and health. In the battle against monopoly rents, legislation on compulsory licensing has been devised. Compulsory licensing may be used by states to disrupt abuse of a monopoly position, to prevent or stop other anti-competitive actions or to simply provide easier access to medication. Such compulsory licenses oblige the patent owner to license its patented medicine to another pharmaceutical company, often a producer of generic drugs. The issuing court may decide on a certain price for the license, i.e. a royalty payable to the patent owner, or it may condemn the patent to be licensed for free. The objective of this study is to answer the following sub-problems: - How is the value of pharmaceutical patents calculated? - What is the value of research and development for pharmaceutical companies? - How is society affected by a compulsory license? Through these sub-problems I seek to resolve what all the factors to be taken into consideration in order to calculate a justifiable amount of royalties paid for compulsory licenses in Europe, are. The research is geographically restricted to Europe in order to limit the study merely to developed countries, hence bypassing the biggest ethical problem of patents that is present in least developed countries (LDC). Also, the United States is set aside, because of their heavy emphasis on the exclusive ownership of patents, and lack of case law concerning compulsory licensing of medical patents. Moreover, the EU countries reflect relatively homogenous legislation and economies.
description: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, No. 2 (2011)
Understanding the characteristics of invasive malware from the Google Play Store
Creators: name: Cao, Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: This thesis provides a detailed in-depth analysis of Android malware samples that bypassed detection by the Google Play app store and penetrated the official Android market between January 2016 and July 2021. By systematically extracting and analyzing samples from 107 malware families, we identify malicious payloads they execute, conditions guarding execution of the payloads, and other implementation level properties relevant for malware detection. As most samples in our dataset contain multiple payloads, each triggered via its own complex activation logic, we also contribute a graph-based representation showing multiple activation paths and payloads for each sample in form of a control- and data-flow graph. We discuss the capabilities of existing malware detection tools, put them in context of the properties observed in the analyzed samples, and identify possible gaps and future research directions. We believe that our detailed analysis of the recent, evasive malware families will be of interest to researchers and practitioners and will help further improve malware detection tools. We make our annotated dataset of 1238 samples from 134 malware families available for future studies.
Two undescribed iridoids from the flowers of Sesamum indicum L.
Creators: name: Shu, Qing
name: Tang, Yujun
name: Wu, Yayu
name: Wang, Miao
name: Yuan, Yifang
name: Xu, Wei
name: Zhou, Guangxiong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: From the flowers of Sesamum indicum L., two novel iridoid compounds sesamiridol (1) and sesamiridoside (2) have been successfully isolated. Alongside these, five known iridoids were identified: lamiolactone (3), sesamoside (4), lamalbide (5), shanzhiside methyl ester (6), phloyoside III (7). The two-dimensional structures of compounds 1 and 2 were ascertained by means of IR, UV, NMR, and HR-ESI-MS, corroborated by comparison with relevant literature data. The configurations of these novel compounds were clarified via NOESY spectroscopy, ECD calculations, and acid hydrolysis. Moreover, an evaluation of the antioxidant activities of all compounds were conducted.
Papers in Southeast Asian Linguistics No. 2
Creators: name: Glover, W. (Ed.)
name: Hari, M. (Ed.)
name: Hope, E. (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Pacific Linguistics
Year: 1971

description: A-29
description: Contents iii{Warren W. Glover} 1REGISTER IN TIBETO-BURMAN LANGUAGES OF NEPAL: A COMPARISON WITH MON-KHMER. Summary 1 1. VOICE REGISTER IN SOUTH EAST ASIA 1 1.1 Phonological contrast 1 1.2 Phonetic realisations 2 1.3 Orthographic and historical considerations 4 1.4 Summary 5 2. APPLICATION OF THE REGISTER CONCEPT TO TIBETO-BURMAN 5 2.1 Data from the Gurung branch 5 2.2 Register and the K/G hypothesis 11 2.3 Lhasa Tibetan and Sherpa 14 2.4 Problems 16 3. CONCLUSION 17 References 19 Table 1: Contrastive sets in Gurung 7 Table 2: Correlation of the four sets in Gurung, Tamang, and Thakali 9 Table 3: Tamang-Gurung-Thakali cognate sets 10 Table 4: Tone and vowel openness in Gurung 12 Table 5: Chepang pitch conditioned by voicing 13 Table 6: Features of monosyllabic feet in Sherpa 15 Table 7: TGTh-Sherpa cognates in contrastive sets 16 Table 8: Monosyllabic Sherpa words in isolation 16{Maria Hari} 23A GUIDE TO THAKALI TONE. Introduction 23 I. THE CONTRAST SYSTEM 24 1. Voice Quality Contrast 24 2. Pitch Contrast 31 II. VARIATIONS 47 1. The Relative Nature of Pitch 47 2. Pitch Variations under Intonation 47 3. Short Texts 49Notes 51Bibliography 51{E.R. Hope} 53PROBLEMS OF PHONE ASSIGNMENT IN THE DESCRIPTION OF THAILAND LISU PHONOLOGY. 0. INTRODUCTION 53 1. A PROVISIONAL DESCRIPTION OF THE PHONEMIC SYSTEM 55 1.1 Initial Consonants 55 1.2 Syllable Nuclei 56 1.3 Semi-vowels (pre-nuclear) 56 1.4 Finals 57 1.5 Suprasegmentals 57 2. PROBLEMS OF CONTOID ASSIGNMENT 57 2.1 Palatals 57 2.2 Voiced Labial Fricative 62 2.3 Voiceless Velar Fricative 62 3. PROBLEMS OF VOCOID ASSIGNMENT 63 3.1 /i/:/e/ 63 3.2 /i/:/ɨ/ 66 3.3 The Assignment of [ø] [v̩ᶤ] and [v̩ᵘ] 68 4. PROBLEMS OF ASSIGNMENT OF SUPRASEGMENTALS 70 4.1 /ˊ/:/ˇ/ 71 4.2 The Assignment of [³-⁴] and [¹-⁴] 72 5. THE STATUS OF DIPHTHONGS 73 6. CONCLUSION 74 Notes 75 References 78Map: The distribution of the Lisu language 54
Anticoagulant and angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitory activities of a fucoidan from Sargassum horneri and its low molecular weight fragments prepared by acid degradation
Creators: name: Liu, Xue
name: Zhao, Wen
name: Gai, Xinyue
name: Zhang, Miansong
name: Cui, Tingting
name: Du, Hongfang
name: Jia, Airong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: A purified fucoidan SF (348 kDa) was isolated from Sargassum horneri. Six low molecular weight fragments SFs (75–8.1 kDa) were prepared by acid degradation from SF. Anticoagulant properties of SF and SFs were evaluated. SF and SFs with 75–17 kDa had better anticoagulant activities with the activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) greater than 120 s at 200 μg/mL. The decrease in the molecular weight caused a decrease in anticoagulant activity, and a slight decrease almost resulted in loss of anticoagulant activity when below 17 kDa (APTT < 59 s). Angiotensin-converting-enzyme (ACE)-inhibitory activities were also detected. Only when the molecular weight dropped to a certain extent (8.1 kDa), the fucoidan showed ACE-inhibitory activity (IC50=2.16 mg/mL). Structure analysis indicated the main change of SFs was a reduction in molecular weight. Thus molecular weight is an essential factor affecting the bioactivities. Longer chains were essential to complete thrombin inhibition, whereas ACE-inhibitory activity required shorter ones.
Application and the Interpretation of the CISG in Finnish Case Law 1997–2005
Creators: name: Tohka, Sanna
Publisher: name: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law
Year: 2010

description: The United Nations Convention for the International Sale of Goods (hereinafter the CISG or the Convention) was unanimously approved by a Diplomatic Conference of sixty-two States in Vienna, Austria on 11 April 1980. As of 15 August 2010, the United Nations Commission on International Trade Law (UNCITRAL) reports that 76 States have adopted the CISG, including the Nordic Countries, Russia, USA and China.1 The purpose of the CISG is to promote uniformity in the sphere of international commerce. Private international law and the conflict of law rules do not always provide the predictability and certainty needed in the international trade concerned. Finland ratified the CISG on 20 March 19872 and the CISG came into force on 1 January 19893. The purpose of this article is to introduce the main findings and conclusions of the English language licentiate thesis ‘The application and the interpretation of the CISG in the Finnish case law 1997-2005’. The core of the thesis covers nine cases tried in public courts in Finland between the years 1997 and 2005: 1. Turku Court of Appeal, S 95/1023 (18 February 1997); 2. District Court of Kuopio, 95/3214 (5 November 1996)4; 3. Turku Court of Appeal, S 97/324 (12 November 1997); 4. Helsinki Court of Appeal, S 96/1129 (29 January 1998); 5. Helsinki Court of Appeal, S 96/1215 (30 June 1998); 6. Helsinki Court of Appeal, S 00/82 (26 October 2000); 7. Turku Court of Appeal, S 00/855 (12 April 2002); 8. Helsinki Court of Appeal, S 01/269 (31 May 2004); 9. Turku Court of Appeal, S 04/1600 (24 May 2005). All these decisions have become final after the proceedings in the Court of Appeal. The analyses of the cases were restricted to the issues relating to the CISG. The Decision by the Supreme Court on 14 October 2005 (KKO:2005:114, S 2004/50) that returned the matter to the District Court to be retried on the merits relating to the CISG has been left to lighter scrutiny. From both the academic and practical point of view, the main issues of the case relate to matters of jurisdiction. The CISG Database maintained by the Institute of International Commercial Law at the Pace University was essential in writing the thesis.5 The CISG is an international convention and it is essential that internationality is promoted in its application. The analyses of the cases rendered in the Finnish legal system increases the understanding of the CISG by scholars, business practitioners, lawyers and judges alike and promotes uniform application in the future. Furthermore, for a truly international instrument of law, it is important that the case law from even a small legal community is incorporated and discussed in the sphere of the larger community. From a practical point of view, it is not sufficient to know the black letter law to be well prepared for unanticipated incidents in advance. One must understand the meaning of the black letter law.
description: Nordic Journal of Commercial Law, No. 2 (2010)
The haplotype-resolved and telomere-to-telomere reference genome of wild banana Musa acuminata
Creators: name: Liu, Xin
name: Huang, Hui-Run
name: Wang, Xu
name: Li, Wei-Ming
name: Zhou, Yongfeng
name: Ge, Xue-Jun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomics
Molecular evolution

description: Here, we reported a haplotype-resolved and telomere-to-telomere genome assembly of M. acuminata ssp. malaccensis using PacBio HiFi reads, Nanopore ultra-long reads and high-covered HiC data. This assembly represented a significant high-quality on contiguity (contig N50: 16.53Mb and 18.58Mb; LAI: 20.18 and 19.48), completeness (BUSCOs: 98.60% and 98.60%), correctness (QV: 45.97 and 46.12). All centromeres and 36 of 44 telomeres have been captured. Both HiFi and Illumina reads mapping rates exceeded 99.8% while RNA-seq reads mapping rates ranged from 92.44% to 97.34%. Two haploid genome annotated 40,889 and 38,269 protein-coding genes, respectively, of which 9.56% and 3.37% were newly annotated comparing with the previous database. Gene BUSCOs were up to 89.40% and 90.30%, respectively. Through comparing haplotype-resolved genome and previous T2T genome, we identified two large translocation regions with length of ~3Mb and ~10Mb, which were further confirmed by HiC heatmap and targeted-PCR gel electrophoresis. This haplotype-resolved and telomere-to-telomere genome of M. acuminata ssp. malaccensis was an excellent resource for further understanding mechanisms of subgenome evolution, domestication history and genetic breeding.
Local action for Green and Blue Infrastructure – lessons learned from transdisciplinary and cocreation processes in cities
Creators: name: ENABLE
name: Reilly, Kate
name: Van Ham, Chantal
name: Andersson, Erik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Local action
Participation
Inclusivity

description: Green and blue infrastructure (GBI) is increasingly recognised as a resource and support for different strategies to address cities’ challenges, including for climate change adaptation, provision of recreational space and stormwater management (Kabisch et al., 2017). However, to make effective use of GBI potential in urban planning and governance can be challenging, as it requires a systems approach that spans sectoral and, quite often, administrative boundaries. Local authorities encounter many difficulties in mainstreaming GBI and its benefits into city plans and policies, as well as expanding the active engagement with GBI on the ground. Partnerships and co-creation processes with researchers may offer support to local stakeholders to access and make use of knowledge on how to promote benefits from GBI, as well as build the networks and relationships for future collaborations (Hurley et al., 2016; Borgström 2019). Such collaboration is important for research as well. It can ensure research questions are relevant, improve access to data and encourage a holistic approach to the topic. It also enhances opportunities for dissemination, making research more actionable. Constructive dialogue and collaboration require a number of preconditions to be understood and supported, and while cases differ there are still useful insights from a critical examination of existing or past cocreation processes.
4-dimensional symplectic contractions
Creators: name: Andreatta, Marco
name: Wisniewski, Jaroslaw A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Local symplectic contractions are resolutions of singularities which admit symplectic forms. Four dimensional symplectic contractions are (relative) Mori Dream Spaces. In particular, any two such resolutions of a given singularity are connected by a sequence of Mukai flops. We discuss the cone of movable divisors on such a resolution; its faces are determined by curves whose loci are divisors, we call them essential curves. The movable cone is divided into nef chambers which are related to different resolutions; this subdivision is determined by classes of 1-cycles. We also study schemes parametrizing minimal essential curves and show that they are resolutions, possibly non-minimal, of surface Du Val singularities. Some examples, with an exhaustive description, are provided.
description: 27 pages
Therapeutische Wirkung des Antidiabetikums Metformin, des Betablockers Propranolol und des Cyclooxygenasehemmers Acetylsalicylsäure auf das Wachstum von Mammakarzinomzellen
Creators: name: Munk, Silvio
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Mit der vorliegenden Untersuchung wollten wir den Nachweis führen, ob sich tumorprotektive Effekte von Antidiabetika, Betablockern und Antiphlogistika in-vitro an Mammakarzinomzellen zeigen. Die Medikamente Metformin (7,5 und 2,5 mg/ml), Propranolol (2,4 und 1,2 mg/ml), Aspirin (1,0 und 0,5 mg/ml) wurden an den Zellreihen MCF 7 (ER/PR+), BT 20 (ER/PR-), MCF 10a (ER/PR-) und MCF 12a (ER/PR+) getestet. Der stärkste wachstumshemmende Effekt zeigte sich beim Betablocker Propranolol. Auch Metformin und ASS wirken wachstumshemmend. Eine zytotoxische Wirkung war nicht nachweisbar.