cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Numerical modelling of landslide behaviour
Creators: name: Chalk, Caitlin
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2024

description: Landslides exhibit complicated and destructive behaviour with disastrous consequences. A landslide event is preceded by slope failure, which is governed by laws
of soil mechanics. Once initiated, landslides often propagate downslope at rapid
rates, exhibiting fluid-like behaviour. Landslide propagation is therefore frequently
characterised by laws of fluid dynamics. Numerical models are vital for an improved
understanding of these catastrophic events. Existing models are incapable of adequately simulating the dynamics of both initiation and propagation. Smoothed
Particle Hydrodynamics (SPH) is a meshless method that is able to capture large
displacements and rapid velocities, and it has been frequently applied to simulate
landslide propagation. However, SPH is susceptible to numerical instabilities, that
are particularly detrimental with regards to simulations of soil. These must be eliminated for SPH to be an ideal tool for general landslide modelling. The majority
of approaches at removing the numerical instabilities from SPH are not universal –
some are applicable for small displacements problems only, while others require the
tuning of artificial model parameters. In this research, a novel numerical model is
developed capable of accurately simulating landslide behaviour – including initiation
and propagation. The numerical model – Stress-Particle SPH – removes instabilities in a way that does not require artificial parameter tuning. The method is an
extension of SPH, and involves calculating velocities and stresses on two separate
sets of particles – nodes and stress-points. Previous literature suggests that the addition of stress-points have the potential to effectively stabilise SPH. Despite this,
their implementation within SPH is relatively unexplored, and stress-points have
only been applied to a limited range of problems. In this research, Stress-Particle
SPH is extended for applicability to landslide behaviour, allowing the numerically
stable simulation of high displacement problems with Stress-Particle SPH for the
first time. The developments presented in this research offer the potential for SPH
to tackle a broad range of problems beyond its current capabilities.
تحول بینش و پژوهش در اقتصاد سیاسی بینDevelopment of Insight and Research in International Political Economy New Requirements for Interdisciplinary Chorus.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Noroozi, Hossein
name: حسین نوروزی
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: ACADEMIC ARTICLE
$RLL$-realization of two-parameter quantum affine algebra in type $D_n^{(1)}$
Creators: name: Zhuang, Rushu
name: Hu, Naihong
name: Xu, Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 16T25, 17B37, 81R50, secondary 17B67

description: We obtain the basic $R$-matrix of the two-parameter Quantum group $U=U_{r,s}\mathcal(\mathfrak{so}_{2n})$ via its weight representation theory and determine its $R$-matrix with spectral parameters for the two-parameter quantum affine algebra $U=U_{r,s}\mathcal(\widehat{\mathfrak{so}_{2n}})$. Using the Gauss decomposition of the $R$-matrix realization of $U=U_{r,s}\mathcal(\mathfrak{so}_{2n})$, we study the commutation relations of the Gaussian generators and finally arrive at its $RLL$-formalism of the Drinfeld realization of two-parameter quantum affine algebra $U=U_{r,s}\mathcal(\widehat{\mathfrak{so}_{2n}})$.
description: 32 pages
Iris: An AI-Driven Virtual Tutor For Computer Science Education
Creators: name: Bassner, Patrick
name: Frankford, Eduard
name: Krusche, Stephan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Integrating AI-driven tools in higher education is an emerging area with transformative potential. This paper introduces Iris, a chat-based virtual tutor integrated into the interactive learning platform Artemis that offers personalized, context-aware assistance in large-scale educational settings. Iris supports computer science students by guiding them through programming exercises and is designed to act as a tutor in a didactically meaningful way. Its calibrated assistance avoids revealing complete solutions, offering subtle hints or counter-questions to foster independent problem-solving skills. For each question, it issues multiple prompts in a Chain-of-Thought to GPT-3.5-Turbo. The prompts include a tutor role description and examples of meaningful answers through few-shot learning. Iris employs contextual awareness by accessing the problem statement, student code, and automated feedback to provide tailored advice.
 An empirical evaluation shows that students perceive Iris as effective because it understands their questions, provides relevant support, and contributes to the learning process. While students consider Iris a valuable tool for programming exercises and homework, they also feel confident solving programming tasks in computer-based exams without Iris. The findings underscore students' appreciation for Iris' immediate and personalized support, though students predominantly view it as a complement to, rather than a replacement for, human tutors. Nevertheless, Iris creates a space for students to ask questions without being judged by others.
description: Published in Proceedings of the 2024 Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education V. 1 (ITiCSE 2024), Pages 534 - 540, July 8--10, 2024, Milan, Italy
STAR syndrome-associated CDK10/Cyclin M regulates actin network architecture and ciliogenesis
Creators: name: Guen, Vincent J.
name: Gamble, Carly
name: Perez, Dahlia E.
name: Bourassa, Sylvie
name: Zappel, Hildegard
name: Gärtner, Jutta
name: Lees, Jacqueline A.
name: Colas, Pierre
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: CDK10/CycM is a protein kinase deficient in STAR (toe Syndactyly, Telecanthus and Anogenital and Renal malformations) syndrome, which results from mutations in the X-linked FAM58A gene encoding Cyclin M. The biological functions of CDK10/CycM and etiology of STAR syndrome are poorly understood. Here, we report that deficiency of CDK10/Cyclin M promotes assembly and elongation of primary cilia. We establish that this reflects a key role for CDK10/Cyclin M in regulation of actin network organization, which is known to govern ciliogenesis. In an unbiased screen, we identified the RhoA-associated kinase PKN2 as a CDK10/CycM phosphorylation substrate. We establish that PKN2 is a bone fide regulator of ciliogenesis, acting in a similar manner to CDK10/CycM. We discovered that CDK10/Cyclin M binds and phosphorylates PKN2 on threonines 121 and 124, within PKN2′s core RhoA-binding domain. Furthermore, we demonstrate that deficiencies in CDK10/CycM or PKN2, or expression of a non-phosphorylatable version of PKN2, destabilize both the RhoA protein and the actin network architecture. Importantly, we established that ectopic expression of RhoA is sufficient to override the induction of ciliogenesis resulting from CDK10/CycM knockdown, indicating that RhoA regulation is critical for CDK10/CycM's negative effect on ciliogenesis. Finally, we show that kidney sections from a STAR patient display dilated renal tubules and abnormal, elongated cilia. Altogether, these results reveal CDK10/CycM as a key regulator of actin dynamics and a suppressor of ciliogenesis through phosphorylation of PKN2 and promotion of RhoA signaling. Moreover, they suggest that STAR syndrome is a ciliopathy.
Are WASP-107-like Systems Consistent with High-eccentricity Migration?
Creators: name: Yu, Hang
name: Dai, Fei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: WASP-107 b seems to be a poster child of the long-suspected high-eccentricity migration scenario. It is on a 5.7-day, polar orbit. The planet is Jupiter-like in radius but Neptune-like in mass with exceptionally low density. WASP-107 c is on a 1100-day, $e=0.28$ orbit with at least Saturn mass. Planet b may still have a residual eccentricity of $0.06\pm 0.04$: the ongoing tidal dissipation leads to the observed internally heated atmosphere and hydrodynamic atmospheric erosion. We present a population synthesis study coupling octopole Lidov-Kozai oscillations with various short-range forces, while simultaneously accounting for the radius inflation and tidal disruption of the planet. We find that a high-eccentricity migration scenario can successfully explain nearly all observed system properties. Our simulations further suggest that the initial location of WASP-107 b at the onset of migration is likely within the snowline ($<0.5\,{\rm AU}$). More distant initial orbits usually lead to tidal disruption or orbit crossing. WASP-107 b most likely lost no more than 20% of its mass during the high-eccentricity migration, i.e. it did not form as a Jupiter-mass object. More vigorous tidally-induced mass loss leads to disruption of the planet during migration. We predict that the current-day mutual inclination between the planets b and c is substantial: at least 25-55$^\circ$ which may be tested with future Gaia astrometric observations. Knowing the current-day mutual inclination may further constrain the initial orbit of planet b. We suggest that the proposed high-eccentricity migration scenario of WASP-107 may be applicable to HAT-P-11, GJ-3470, HAT-P-18, and GJ-436 which have similar orbital architectures.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures. Accepted by ApJ
Supplementary Materials from Novel technologies uncover novel ‘anti’-microbial peptides in Hydra shaping the species-specific microbiome
Creators: name: KLIMOVICH, Alexander
name: Bosch, Thomas C. G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310299
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 310404
subject: Evolution of developmental systems
classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: The file contains Supplementary Text (Methods), Supplementary Figures 1-8, and Supplementary References
Relationship Between Smartphone Addiction Procastination and Pathological Gambling
Creators: name: Suganya, Manoj R, S.Keerthana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This research examines the connections between pathological gambling, procrastination, and smartphoneaddiction among a group of 300 participants. By applying descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation analysis, the study sought to identify potential relationships among these behavioral factors. The results indicated weak or insignificant correlations between pathological gambling, procrastination, and smartphone addiction, none of which achieved statistical significance. These outcomes imply that these behaviors function independently within the sample. Significant limitations include the dependence on selfreported data, the cross-sectional nature of the study, and the omission of additional aspects such as mental health or cultural effects. Future studies should build on these results by using larger, more varied samples, longitudinal approaches, and incorporating mediating and moderating variables to reveal more profound insights into the underlying mechanisms of these behaviors. Such initiatives could lead to targeted interventions aimed at addressing these behaviors and enhancing overall well-being
Detection of Fusarium Species in Clinical Specimens by Probe-Based Real-Time PCR
Creators: name: Springer, Jan
name: Walther, Grit
name: Rickerts, Volker
name: Hamprecht, Axel
name: Willinger, Birgit
name: Teschner, Daniel
name: Einsele, Hermann
name: Kurzai, Oliver
name: Loeffler, Juergen
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: probe-based real-time PCR
subject: Fusarium
subject: bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
subject: fungal molecular diagnostics
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The mold Fusarium is a ubiquitous fungus causing plant, animal and human infections. In humans, Fusarium spp. are the major cause of eye infections in patients wearing contact lenses or after local trauma. Systemic infections by Fusarium spp. mainly occur in immunosuppressed patients and can disseminate throughout the human body. Due to high levels of resistance to antifungals a fast identification of the causative agent is an urgent need. By using a probe-based real-time PCR assay specific for the genus Fusarium we analysed several different clinical specimens detecting Fusarium spp. commonly found in clinical samples in Germany. Also, a large collection of lung fluid samples of haematological patients was analysed (n = 243). In these, two samples (0.8%) were reproducibly positive, but only one could be confirmed by sequencing. For this case of probable invasive fungal disease (IFD) culture was positive for Fusarium species. Here we describe a rapid, probe-based real-time PCR assay to specifically detect DNA from a broad range of Fusarium species and its application to clinically relevant specimens.
Importance of Awareness in Improving Performance of Emergency Medical Services (EMS) Systems in Enhancing Traffic Safety: A Lesson from India
Creators: name: Vasudevan, Vinod
name: Singh, Preeti
name: Samyajit Basu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objective: India has been slow in implementing a central Emergency Medical Services (EMS) system across the country. ‘108 services’ is one of the most popular services that is functional under Public Private Partnership (PPP) model. Limited available literature show that in spite of having access to services, many of the traffic crash victims are transported using private vehicles. The objective of this study is to understand the effectiveness of ‘108 services’ from traffic safety perspective. Method: Questionnaire survey is conducted to understand the awareness of the EMS and their function. Using traffic related fatalities as the dependent variable, a fixed effect panel data model is developed to analyze the effectiveness of the ‘108 services’ in improving the traffic safety. Results: The results from the survey show that, in general, people are not aware of the ‘108 services.’ Majority of proportion of the population prefer taking the victim to the hospital using their personal vehicles or by using any other vehicles which are available as compared to calling an ambulance. Results from panel data analysis show that in spite of having an efficient system, these services failed to make significant improvement in the safety of road users in the states in which their services were subscribed to. Discussions: The lack of awareness of an important safety service is alarming. This could be a major reason for lower utilization of ‘108 services’ for transporting victims of traffic crashes. This paper shows the importance of having efficient awareness campaigns to improve the efficiency of any similar programs which are aimed to enhance safety of a region.
A note on the emission spectrum and trapping states in the Jaynes-Cummings model
Creators: name: Bertassoli, J. L. T.
name: Vidiella-Barranco, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The emission of light from an atom represents a fundamental process that provides valuable insights into the atom-light interaction. The Jaynes-Cummings model is one of the simplest fully quantized models to deal with these interactions, allowing for an analytical solution, while exhibiting notable non-trivial effects. We explore new features in the fluorescence emission spectrum for initial "trapping states", which suppress the atomic population inversion. Despite the seemingly dormant activity of the atom, the resulting emission spectra exhibit rich features, and using a dressed-state coordinates formalism, we are able to quantitatively explain the different profiles in the spectrum. We generalize the trapping conditions for non-zero atom-field detuning and also unveil two types of trapping states that lead to spectra with three peaks, in contrast to previously known states: a center peak and one secondary peak on each side. These are a trapping state formed by a Schrödinger cat state with Poissonian statistics (Yurke-Stoler state) and also a different type of "perfect trapping state".
description: Accepted for publication in the Feature Issue "The Jaynes-Cummings Model: 60 Years and Still Counting", to be published in the Journal of the Optical Society of America B; 13 pages; 5 figures
The hairpin region of Ndc80 is important for the kinetochore recruitment of Mph1/MPS1 in fission yeast
Creators: name: Chmielewska, Aldona Ewa
name: Ngang Heok Tang
name: Toda, Takashi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: The establishment of proper kinetochore-microtubule attachments facilitates faithful chromosome segregation. Incorrect attachments activate the spindle assembly checkpoint (SAC), which blocks anaphase onset via recruitment of a cohort of SAC components (Mph1/MPS1, Mad1, Mad2, Mad3/BubR1, Bub1 and Bub3) to kinetochores. KNL1, a component of the outer kinetochore KMN network (KNL1/Mis12 complex/Ndc80 complex), acts as a platform for Bub1 and Bub3 localization upon its phosphorylation by Mph1/MPS1. The Ndc80 protein, a major microtubule-binding site, is critical for MPS1 localization to the kinetochores in mammalian cells. Here we characterized the newly isolated mutant ndc80-AK01 in fission yeast, which contains a single point mutation within the hairpin region. This hairpin connects the preceding calponin-homology domain with the coiled-coil region. ndc80-AK01 was hypersensitive to microtubule depolymerizing reagents with no apparent growth defects without drugs. Subsequent analyses indicated that ndc80-AK01 is defective in SAC signaling, as mutant cells proceeded into lethal cell division in the absence of microtubules. Under mitotic arrest conditions, all SAC components (Ark1/Aurora B, Mph1, Bub1, Bub3, Mad3, Mad2 and Mad1) did not localize to the kinetochore. Further genetic analyses indicated that the Ndc80 hairpin region might act as a platform for the kinetochore recruitment of Mph1, which is one of the most upstream SAC components in the hierarchy. Intriguingly, artificial tethering of Mph1 to the kinetochore fully restored checkpoint signaling in ndc80-AK01 cells, further substantiating the notion that Ndc80 is a kinetochore platform for Mph1. The hairpin region of Ndc80, therefore, plays a critical role in kinetochore recruitment of Mph1.
Dualities and Categorical Structures from 2D Up
Creators: name: Pasquarella, Veronica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A fundamental step towards studying string theory vacua, and, ultimately, their stability, is that of understanding the underlying mathematical structure of the QFT resulting from its dimensional reduction on Calabi-Yau (CY) manifolds, the latter being complex manifolds admitting a category theory description. The present work aims at addressing this question in the case of lower-dimensional gravitating systems, and supersymmetric quiver gauge theories, highlighting the role played by dualities and categorical structures towards studying analytical structures of amplitudes. (Based on the author's PhD thesis. For the official version, submitted for dissertation in January 2024, please see https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/1b4cfbcf-7fcf-415d-a252-ba60f7586899)
description: author's PhD thesis (based on the official version submitted for dissertation) https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/items/1b4cfbcf-7fcf-415d-a252-ba60f7586899; 321 pages (the original version was 442 pages due to different font type); V2 with some further references added
Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen Steering Criterion and Monogamy Relation via Correlation Matrices in Tripartite Systems
Creators: name: Li, Li-Juan
name: Fan, Xiao-Gang
name: Song, Xue-Ke
name: Ye, Liu
name: Wang, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum steering is considered as one of the most well-known nonlocal phenomena in quantum mechanics. Unlike entanglement and Bell non-locality, the asymmetry of quantum steering makes it vital for one-sided device-independent quantum information processing. Although there has been much progress on steering detection for bipartite systems, the criterion for EPR steering in tripartite systems remains challenging and inadequate. In this paper, we firstly derive a novel and promising steering criterion for any three-qubit states via correlation matrix. Furthermore, we propose the monogamy relation between the tripartite steering of system and the bipartite steering of subsystems based on the derived criterion. Finally, as illustrations, we demonstrate the performance of the steering criterion and the monogamy relation by means of several representative examples. We believe that the results and methods presented in this work could be beneficial to capture genuine multipartite steering in the near future.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcomed. Accepted by Physical Review A
Laudate Dominum: 30 piezas para órgano manual
Creators: name: García, Juan-Alfonso
Publisher: name: Consejería de Turismo, Cultura y Deporte. Junta de Andalucía
Year: 2023

description: Pertenezco a esa inmensa minoría que dedica su trabajo diario al ejercicio de la profesión que ha sentido y escogido. En mi caso, el sacerdocio y la música. 

En cuanto a la música, reconozco haber tenido la gran suerte adicional de dar, desde mis primeros pasos, con un maestro de extraordinaria valía: Valentín Ruiz-Aznar. Él supo moldear y modelar mi natural instinto con suma finura y hábil tacto, hasta trasvasar sus ideales artísticos a mi juvenil aptitud. 

Debo añadir que mi principal vocación musical ha sido la composición, por encima de la dedicación a la práctica del órgano, no obstante ser este mi oficio catedralicio. Fue la gran ilusión de mi juventud prepararme para poder prestar a la Iglesia como sacerdote un servicio similar al de T.L. de Victoria en el siglo XVI, o al de V. Goicoechea, N. Otaño o L. Iruarrizaga en los comienzos del siglo XX. Este proyecto se vino abajo poco después por el giro tan brusco, equivocado a mi entender y grosero para mi sentir, que dio la música practicada en las iglesias a raíz del Vaticano II. En esa dirección yo no podía colaborar. Me resulta ingrato recordar la difícil situación que supuso para mí aquella coyuntura. Tuve la necesidad de recoger los restos salvados del naufragio y recomponer mi inicial estímulo en solitario.

Fruto de este largo periodo son la mayoría de las piezas que integran este libro. En gran parte son una evasión personal. Pero DESDE otra perspectiva, quizá sea lo más espontáneo y genuino de cuanto haya escrito. Quizá... 

Junto con los dos libros de música de órgano publicados años atrás por el Centro de Documentación Musical de Andalucía (Granada 2008), en este queda recogida, bajo el lema “Laudate Dominum”, si no toda, la mayor parte del resto de mi producción de música para este instrumento. La suficiente para dar una idea ajustada de mi aportación a esta parcela de la música. Música nacida bajo la resonancia de las majestuosas bóvedas de Diego de Siloé y el estímulo de los dulces flautados de Leonardo Fernández Dávila, durante los más de cincuenta años de permanencia como organista en la Catedral de Granada.

Granada, 19 de junio de 2011Juan-Alfonso García
Synthesis and characterization of Cu-doped polymeric carbon nitride
Creators: name: Dante, Roberto C.
name: Sánchez-Arévalo, Francisco M.
name: Chamorro-Posada, Pedro
name: Vázquez-Cabo, José
name: Huerta, Lazaro
name: Lartundo-Rojas, Luis
name: Santoyo-Salazar, Jaime
name: Solorza-Feria, Omar
name: Diaz-Barrios, Antonio
name: Zoltan, Tamara
name: Vargas, Franklin
name: Valenzuela, Tatiana
name: Florinella Muñoz-Bisesti
name: Quiroz-Chávez, Francisco Javier
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Polymeric carbon nitride doped with copper through a solid-state reaction was characterized by several techniques, among them are UV-visible spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, etc. The material is a semiconductor with a wide band gap of 2.74 eV. Sites of both Cu(I) and Cu(II) were detected, apparently only coordinated by the polymer. The material comprises crumpled nanosheets, and is substantially an amorphous layered material with a prevalent 2D structure with low inter-planar interactions, as shown by X-ray diffractometry and TeraHertz spectroscopy. Photo-oxidation of benzyl alcohol was used to probe the active sites of the material, comparing them with the non-doped material. The higher activity and selectivity toward salicylic alcohol of the non-doped material can be due to both a more localized electron transfer and a longer lifetime of the hole–electron pair. Cu-CN favored the oxidation of hydroxymethyl group. Therefore, the presence of copper can favor different reaction pathways with respect to the non-doped material.
A Critical Legal Analysis on the Minimum Age of Criminal Responsibility in the New Islamic Punishment Act of Iran.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
name: Jal Zabdi Muhd Yosuff
name: Dusuki, Farah Nini
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: ACADEMIC ARTICLE
WHEN DOES CHILDHOOD BEGIN A CRITICAL LEGAL ANALYSIS ON THE UNITED NATIONS CONVENTION ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD AND MALAYSIAN LAWS.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
name: Dusuki, Farah Nini
name: Jal Zabdi Mohd Yosuff
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: ACADEMIC ARTICLE
A Candidate for the Quantum Spin Liquid Ground-State in the Shastry-Sutherland Lattice Material Yb$_2$Be$_2$GeO$_7$
Creators: name: Pula, M.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Gautreau, J.
name: P., Sajilesh K.
name: Kanigel, A.
name: Frontzek, M. D.
name: Dolling, T. N.
name: Clark, L.
name: Dunsiger, S.
name: Ghara, A.
name: Luke, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quasi-2D Shastry-Sutherland model has remained topical in the field of condensed matter physics for the last two decades, following the experimental realization of the model in the material SrCu$_2$(BO$_3$)$_2$. Since then, research into the Shastry-Sutherland system has revealed more nuanced physics than initially predicted; recent theoretical works have even predicted a quantum spin liquid phase may exist. Herein, we report on a new Shastry-Sutherland lattice material, Yb$_2$Be$_2$GeO$_7$, of the rare-earth melilite family RE$_2$Be$_2$GeO$_7$. We find, through SQUID magnetometry, powder neutron diffraction, specific heat capacity, and muon spin relaxation, that Yb$_2$Be$_2$GeO$_7$ lacks magnetic order and exhibits persistent spin dynamics to at least 17 mK. We propose the Shastry-Sutherland lattice material Yb$_2$Be$_2$GeO$_7$ as a candidate to host a quantum spin liquid ground-state.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
Improving the Legal Protection of Child in Conflict with the Law Reintegration and Rehabilitation into society.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
name: Rohaida Nordin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: ARTICLE
Phytochemical composition of the diethyl ether extract of Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC and its antimetastatic activity in human lung cancer cells
Creators: name: Kooltheat, Nateelak
name: Noonong, Kunwadee
name: Hanson, Karl M.
name: Lao-On, Udom
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Artemisia lactiflora Wall. ex DC. is a traditional Chinese medicinal plant used in the treatment of menstrual and hepatic disorders due to its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. However, its anti-metastatic activity, which is the clinical challenge of lung cancer treatment, has not yet been reported. From the diethyl ether extract of Artemisia lactiflora, the four terpenoids, including dihydroactinidiolide, megastigmatrienone, alpha-curcumene, and dehydrovomifoliol, were the most intense peaks observed using LC-MS/MS, whereas bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate was a contaminant. In a transwell assay, the A. lactiflora diethyl ether extract (32 μg/ml) and dihydroactinidiolide (250 μg/ml) markedly inhibited the migration and invasion of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells, similar to the standard anti-metastatic drug (capmatinib). Western blot analysis revealed that mesenchymal N-cadherin is downregulated in NSCLC cells under the treatment conditions. The potential anti-metastatic property of dihydroactinidiolide is promising as a new candidate anti-metastatic agent for lung cancer treatment.
Constraining Fundamental Constants with Fast Radio Bursts: Unveiling the Role of Energy Scale
Creators: name: Kalita, Surajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding physical mechanisms relies on the accurate determination of fundamental constants, although inherent limitations in experimental techniques introduce uncertainties into these measurements. This paper explores the uncertainties associated with measuring the fine-structure constant ($α$) and the proton-to-electron mass ratio ($μ$) using observed fast radio bursts (FRBs). We select 50 localized FRBs to quantify the effects of varying this fundamental coupling on the relation between dispersion measure and redshift. By leveraging independent measurements of dispersion measures and redshifts of these FRBs, we constrain the uncertainties in $α$ and $μ$ approximately to $Δα/α=1.99\times 10^{-5}$ and $Δμ/μ=-1.00\times 10^{-5}$ within the standard $Λ$CDM cosmological framework. Remarkably, these constraints improve nearly an order-of-magnitude when considering a dynamical dark energy model. This investigation not only yields one of the most stringent constraints on $α$ and $μ$ to date but also emphasizes the criticality of accounting for the energy scale of the system when formulating constraints on fundamental parameters.
description: 7 pages with 3 figures and 1 table; accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters
Sinechostictus (Sinechostictus) elongatus
Creators: name: Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Carabidae
Sinechostictus
Sinechostictus elongatus

description: Sinechostictus (Sinechostictus) elongatus (Dejean, 1831)
 11-VIII-2012, (6), 3 ejs. (2012-0919)
 2-IX-201 2, (6), 5 ejs. (2012-0920)
description: Published as part of Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez, 2014, Catálogo de los Coleoptera de la Sierra de Collserola (Barcelona, NE de España): primeros resultados., pp. 235-264 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 10 on page 239, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714024
Applications of the freezing operators on cluster algebras
Creators: name: Qin, Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13F60

description: We apply freezing operators to relate different (quantum) upper cluster algebras. We prove that these operators send localized (quantum) cluster monomials to localized (quantum) cluster monomials. They also send bases to bases in many cases. In addition, the bases constructed via freezing coincide with those constructed via localization.
description: 25 pages
DEVELOPMENT AND PROGRESS ON THE RIGHTS OF THE CHILD WIHIN REGIONAL HUMAN RIGHTS INSTRUMENTS.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
name: Rohaida Nordin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: ACADEMIC ARTICLE
Platystethus (Craetopycrus) cornutus subsp. cornutus
Creators: name: Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae
Platystethus
Platystethus cornutus
Platystethus (craetopycrus) cornutus cornutus (gravenhorst, 1802)

description: Platystethus (Craetopycrus) cornutus cornutus (Gravenhorst, 1802)
  26-VII-2012, (13), 1 ej. (J.M. Diéguez col.)
  28-VII-2012, (13), 1 ej. (J.M. Diéguez col.)
description: Published as part of Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez, 2014, Catálogo de los Coleoptera de la Sierra de Collserola (Barcelona, NE de España): primeros resultados., pp. 235-264 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 10 on page 241, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714024
When Does Childhood Begin A Legal Analysis on the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child and Islamic Republic of Iran.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
name: Rohaida Nordin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Academic Article
Aplocnemus (Aplocnemus) virens subsp. virens
Creators: name: Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Melyridae
Aplocnemus
Aplocnemus virens
Aplocnemus (aplocnemus) virens virens (suffrian, 1843)

description: Aplocnemus (Aplocnemus) virens virens (Suffrian, 1843)
 24-V-2013, (20), 1 ej. (2013-3588)
 15-VII-2013, (18), 3 ejs. (2013-3589)
description: Published as part of Fernández, José Manuel Diéguez, 2014, Catálogo de los Coleoptera de la Sierra de Collserola (Barcelona, NE de España): primeros resultados., pp. 235-264 in Arquivos Entomolóxicos 10 on page 245, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.12714024
Violation of Human Rights under the Pretext of Counter-Terrorism Measures A Critical Legal Analysis of the United States of America‟s Declaration of War on Terrorism.pdf
Creators: name: Rastegari, Behnam
name: Shohreh Mousavi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Academic Article
Amazing Things Come From Having Many Good Models
Creators: name: Rudin, Cynthia
name: Zhong, Chudi
name: Semenova, Lesia
name: Seltzer, Margo
name: Parr, Ronald
name: Liu, Jiachang
name: Katta, Srikar
name: Donnelly, Jon
name: Chen, Harry
name: Boner, Zachery
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Rashomon Effect, coined by Leo Breiman, describes the phenomenon that there exist many equally good predictive models for the same dataset. This phenomenon happens for many real datasets and when it does, it sparks both magic and consternation, but mostly magic. In light of the Rashomon Effect, this perspective piece proposes reshaping the way we think about machine learning, particularly for tabular data problems in the nondeterministic (noisy) setting. We address how the Rashomon Effect impacts (1) the existence of simple-yet-accurate models, (2) flexibility to address user preferences, such as fairness and monotonicity, without losing performance, (3) uncertainty in predictions, fairness, and explanations, (4) reliable variable importance, (5) algorithm choice, specifically, providing advanced knowledge of which algorithms might be suitable for a given problem, and (6) public policy. We also discuss a theory of when the Rashomon Effect occurs and why. Our goal is to illustrate how the Rashomon Effect can have a massive impact on the use of machine learning for complex problems in society.
Screening for SLC7A14 gene mutations in patients with autosomal recessive or sporadic retinitis pigmentosa
Creators: name: Sugahara, Masako
name: Oishi, Maho
name: Oishi, Akio
name: Ogino, Ken
name: Morooka, Satoshi
name: Norimoto Gotoh
name: Inyeop Kang
name: Nagahisa Yoshimura
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Purpose: In this study, we aimed to detect mutations in the SLC7A14 cationic transporter gene, which has recently been reported as a causative gene for retinitis pigmentosa (RP), in Japanese patients with autosomal recessive (AR) or sporadic RP. Materials and Methods: We included 146 unrelated Japanese patients with AR or sporadic RP who lacked mutations in genes known to be associated with RP despite next-generation sequencing-based screening. We sequenced the seven SLC7A14 coding exons along with their flanking intronic DNA using the Sanger method. The detected polymorphisms were assessed for their pathogenicity with in silico prediction tools. For those who had heterozygous, nonsynonymous variants, we performed multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) to search for additional deletion/duplication. Results: We detected four distinct SLC7A14 polymorphisms excluding synonymous polymorphisms. Two of these polymorphisms were assessed as detrimental by in silico prediction tools. However, all of the mutations were heterozygous. Neither homozygous polymorphisms nor compound heterozygous polymorphisms, which are considered detrimental variants, were detected. Neither deletion nor duplication was found with MLPA in patients with heterozygous variants. Conclusions: The four SLC7A14 mutations detected herein were unlikely to be pathogenic in this Japanese cohort. The frequency and pathogenicity of SLC7A14 mutations may vary depending on ethnicity, and these mutations may be rare in Japanese patients.
R scripts for "Leaf nitrogen in the perspective of optimal plant function"
Creators: name: Dong, Ning
name: Prentice, Iain Colin
name: Wright, Ian
name: Wang, Han
name: Bloomfield, Keith
name: Domingues, Tomas
name: Gleason, Sean
name: Maire, Vincent
name: Onoda, Yusuke
name: Poorter, Hendrik
name: Smith, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: coordination hypothesis, least-cost hypothesis, leaf mass per area, leaf nitrogen, photosynthetic capacity, nitrogen cycle, ecosystem model

description: This is the R script including main analysis and figures for paper "Leaf nitrogen in the perspective of optimal plant function", some of functions could see at: https://github.com/SmithEcophysLab/optimal_vcmax_R
High-Throughput Phenotyping using Computer Vision and Machine Learning
Creators: name: Singhvi, Vivaan
name: Lunga, Langalibalele
name: Nidhi, Pragya
name: Keum, Chris
name: Prakash, Varrun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6; I.4.7

description: High-throughput phenotyping refers to the non-destructive and efficient evaluation of plant phenotypes. In recent years, it has been coupled with machine learning in order to improve the process of phenotyping plants by increasing efficiency in handling large datasets and developing methods for the extraction of specific traits. Previous studies have developed methods to advance these challenges through the application of deep neural networks in tandem with automated cameras; however, the datasets being studied often excluded physical labels. In this study, we used a dataset provided by Oak Ridge National Laboratory with 1,672 images of Populus Trichocarpa with white labels displaying treatment (control or drought), block, row, position, and genotype. Optical character recognition (OCR) was used to read these labels on the plants, image segmentation techniques in conjunction with machine learning algorithms were used for morphological classifications, machine learning models were used to predict treatment based on those classifications, and analyzed encoded EXIF tags were used for the purpose of finding leaf size and correlations between phenotypes. We found that our OCR model had an accuracy of 94.31% for non-null text extractions, allowing for the information to be accurately placed in a spreadsheet. Our classification models identified leaf shape, color, and level of brown splotches with an average accuracy of 62.82%, and plant treatment with an accuracy of 60.08%. Finally, we identified a few crucial pieces of information absent from the EXIF tags that prevented the assessment of the leaf size. There was also missing information that prevented the assessment of correlations between phenotypes and conditions. However, future studies could improve upon this to allow for the assessment of these features.
description: Presented for the Smoky Mountains Computational Sciences and Engineering Conference: Best Paper Award
Self-deployable contracting-cord metamaterials with tunable mechanical properties
Creators: name: Yan, Wenzhong
name: Jones, Talmage
name: Jawetz, Christopher L.
name: Lee, Ryan H.
name: Hopkins, Jonathan B.
name: Mehta, Ankur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent advances in active materials and fabrication techniques have enabled the production of cyclically self-deployable metamaterials with an expanded functionality space. However, designing metamaterials that possess continuously tunable mechanical properties after self-deployment remains a challenge, notwithstanding its importance. Inspired by push puppets, we introduce an efficient design strategy to create reversibly self-deployable metamaterials with continuously tunable post-deployment stiffness and damping. Our metamaterial comprises contracting actuators threaded through beads with matching conical concavo-convex interfaces in networked chains. The slack network conforms to arbitrary shapes, but when actuated, it self-assembles into a preprogrammed configuration with beads gathered together. Further contraction of the actuators can dynamically tune the assembly's mechanical properties through the beads' particle jamming, while maintaining the overall structure with minimal change. We show that, after deployment, such metamaterials exhibit pronounced tunability in bending-dominated configurations: they can become more than 35 times stiffer and change their damping capability by over 50%. Through systematic analysis, we find that the beads'conical angle can introduce geometric nonlinearity, which has a major effect on the self-deployability and tunability of the metamaterial. Our work provides routes towards reversibly self-deployable, lightweight, and tunable metamaterials, with potential applications in soft robotics, reconfigurable architectures, and space engineering.
description: 6 figures
Neuromorphic Perception and Navigation for Mobile Robots: A Review
Creators: name: Novo, A.
name: Lobon, F.
name: De Marina, H. G.
name: Romero, S.
name: Barranco, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the fast and unstoppable evolution of robotics and artificial intelligence, effective autonomous navigation in real-world scenarios has become one of the most pressing challenges in the literature. However, demanding requirements, such as real-time operation, energy and computational efficiency, robustness, and reliability, make most current solutions unsuitable for real-world challenges. Thus, researchers are forced to seek innovative approaches, such as bio-inspired solutions. Indeed, animals have the intrinsic ability to efficiently perceive, understand, and navigate their unstructured surroundings. To do so, they exploit self-motion cues, proprioception, and visual flow in a cognitive process to map their environment and locate themselves within it. Computational neuroscientists aim to answer ''how'' and ''why'' such cognitive processes occur in the brain, to design novel neuromorphic sensors and methods that imitate biological processing. This survey aims to comprehensively review the application of brain-inspired strategies to autonomous navigation, considering: neuromorphic perception and asynchronous event processing, energy-efficient and adaptive learning, or the imitation of the working principles of brain areas that play a crucial role in navigation such as the hippocampus or the entorhinal cortex.
description: 35 pages, 6 figures, journal article
Reducing the Sign Problem with simple Contour Deformation
Creators: name: Gäntgen, Christoph
name: Berkowitz, Evan
name: Luu, Thomas
name: Ostmeyer, Johann
name: Rodekamp, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply constant imaginary offsets to the path integral for a reduction of the sign problem in the Hubbard model. These simple transformations enhance the quality of results from HMC calculations without compromising the speed of the algorithm. This method enables us to efficiently calculate systems that are otherwise inaccessible due to a severe sign problem. To support this claim, we present observables of the C20 and C60 fullerenes. Furthermore, we demonstrate that at a certain offset, the sign problem is completely lifted in the limit of large chemical potential.
description: Proceedings for the 40th Lattice conference (2023)