cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Two-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon potential:O(q^4) relativistic chiral expansion
Creators: name: Higa, R.
name: Robilotta, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a relativistic procedure for the chiral expansion of the two-pion exchange component of the $NN$ potential, which emphasizes the role of intermediate $πN$ subamplitudes. The relationship between power counting in $πN$ and $NN$ processes is discussed and results are expressed directly in terms of observable subthreshold coefficients. Interactions are determined by one- and two-loop diagrams, involving pions, nucleons, and other degrees of freedom, frozen into empirical subthreshold coefficients. The full evaluation of these diagrams produces amplitudes containing many different loop integrals. Their simplification by means of relations among these integrals leads to a set of intermediate results. Subsequent truncation to $O(q^4)$ yields the relativistic potential, which depends on six loop integrals, representing bubble, triangle, crossed box, and box diagrams. The bubble and triangle integrals are the same as in $πN$ scattering and we have shown that they also determine the chiral structures of box and crossed box integrals. Relativistic threshold effects make our results to be not equivalent with those of the heavy baryon approach. Performing a formal expansion of our results in inverse powers of the nucleon mass, even in regions where this expansion is not valid, we recover most of the standard heavy baryon results. The main differences are due to the Goldberger-Treiman discrepancy and terms of $O(q^3)$, possibly associated with the iteration of the one-pion exchange potential.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures, published version
The strict settlement: The tool of the capitalist landlord or a way to delay capitalism in landed society?
Creators: name: Datema, Lynne Toombs
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: In England, from the end of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century, there was a device used by landowners called the strict settlement that allowed them to tie up their land for several generations and bypass contemporary laws against perpetuities. During this same period, capitalism permeated England's society. Since capitalism depends on a free market for land there is a contradiction in the two trends. Why did English landlords of the 1700s and 1800s seek to entail their land, when they could have benefited materially from alienable land?; To understand the actions of the English landowners, I used a hermeneutical approach. That is, I tried to immerse myself as much as possible in the culture of the eighteenth and nineteenth century landlords, so that I could better interpret their motivations. I used seven families from the Northamptonshire as case studies. Each family provided a lot of material in terms of letters, diaries, biographies and autobiographies. In addition, I relied upon contemporary novels and newspapers as well as the strict settlements of the families that were on record. What I discovered from my research was that the landlords, although certainly not averse to an increase in wealth, had as their first objective maintaining their status, and with that their identity. The role of the landlord, and all that it entailed; with its responsibilities and corresponding privileges, was defined by his ownership of land. A free market for land threatened this existence. The strict settlement was not at odds with capitalism so much as it was the weapon used by a portion of society to help to defend their culture which would surely be destroyed by capitalism.
CONTINGENT CLAIMS VALUED AND HEDGED BY PRICING AND INVESTING IN A BASIS
Creators: name: Milne, Frank
name: Madan, Dilip
name: Milne, Frank
name: Madan, Dilip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: European option pricing
subject: Hermite polynomials
subject: Hilbert space
subject: martingale measures
subject: S & P 500 index

description: Contingent claims with payoffs depending on finitely many asset prices are modeled as elements of a separable Hilbert space. Under fairly general conditions, including market completeness, it is shown that one may change measure to a reference measure under which asset prices are Gaussian and for which the family of Hermite polynomials serves as an orthonormal basis. Basis pricing synthesizes claim valuation and basis investment provides static hedging opportunities. For claims written as functions of a single asset price we infer from observed option prices the implicit prices of basis elements and use these to construct the implied equivalent martingale measure density with respect to the reference measure, which in this case is the Black-Scholes geometric Brownian motion model. Data on S&P 500 options from the Wall Srreet Journal are used to illustrate the calculations involved. On this illustrative data set the equivalent martingale measure deviates from the Black-Scholes model by relatively discounting the larger price movements with a compensating premia placed on the smaller movements.
The strict settlement: The tool of the capitalist landlord or a way to delay capitalism in landed society?
Creators: name: Datema, Lynne Toombs
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: In England, from the end of the seventeenth century to the end of the nineteenth century, there was a device used by landowners called the strict settlement that allowed them to tie up their land for several generations and bypass contemporary laws against perpetuities. During this same period, capitalism permeated England's society. Since capitalism depends on a free market for land there is a contradiction in the two trends. Why did English landlords of the 1700s and 1800s seek to entail their land, when they could have benefited materially from alienable land?; To understand the actions of the English landowners, I used a hermeneutical approach. That is, I tried to immerse myself as much as possible in the culture of the eighteenth and nineteenth century landlords, so that I could better interpret their motivations. I used seven families from the Northamptonshire as case studies. Each family provided a lot of material in terms of letters, diaries, biographies and autobiographies. In addition, I relied upon contemporary novels and newspapers as well as the strict settlements of the families that were on record. What I discovered from my research was that the landlords, although certainly not averse to an increase in wealth, had as their first objective maintaining their status, and with that their identity. The role of the landlord, and all that it entailed; with its responsibilities and corresponding privileges, was defined by his ownership of land. A free market for land threatened this existence. The strict settlement was not at odds with capitalism so much as it was the weapon used by a portion of society to help to defend their culture which would surely be destroyed by capitalism.
General-Relativistic Equations of Motion in terms of Energy and Angular Momentum
Creators: name: Yi, Y. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An attempt is made to describe the general-relativistic equations of motion for the Schwarzschild geometry in terms of the classical concepts of energy and angular momentum. Using the customary terms the geodesic equations can be viewed in a way that is very helpful in providing the physical meaning of the mathematical development.
description: 6 pages
Emergence of $d \pm ip$-wave superconducting state at the edge of $d$-wave superconductors mediated by Andreev-bound-state-driven ferromagnetic fluctuations
Creators: name: Matsubara, Shun
name: Kontani, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mechanism of spin-triplet superconductivity at the edge of $d$-wave superconductors. Recent theoretical research in $d$-wave superconductors predicted that strong ferromagnetic (FM) fluctuations are induced by large density of states due to edge Andreev bound states (ABS). Here, we construct the linearized gap equation for the edge-induced superconductivity, and perform a numerical study based on a large cluster Hubbard model with bulk $d$-wave superconducting (SC) gap. We find that ABS-induced strong FM fluctuations mediate the $d \pm ip$-wave SC state, in which the time-reversal symmetry is broken. The edge-induced $p$-wave transition temperature $T_{cp}$ is slightly lower than the bulk $d$-wave one $T_{cd}$, and the Majorana bound state may be created at the endpoint of the edge.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures
Political elites, social movements, and changing political opportunity structures: The case of the three waves of the women's movement
Creators: name: Jeydel, Alana Suzanne
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4405
subject: Gender studies
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Under what conditions arc members of Congress (political elites) responsive to social movements and when do social movements gain access to members of Congress and Presidents? This research explores the ebb and flow of political elite responsiveness to social movements and social movement access to political elites through a comparative, longitudinal analysis of the three waves of the women's movement--1848-1889, 1890-1928 and 1960-1985. It focuses on the political opportunity structure as a major determinant of the degree of responsiveness and access and as a key determinant of relations between social movements and political elites. The political opportunity structure is a term used to describe the political climate and institutional arrangements of a political system. It is composed of the level of electoral stability, level of unity among elites, mass opinion, and powers granted to party leaders. This research found that the POS was a key determinant of the relations between the women's movement and political elites. Under an open POS political elites were in need of the resources that the women's movement had (members, votes, issues). Thus, the women's movement had increased political leverage with political elites under an open POS. Furthermore, when the POS was open the movement was not easily assuaged by lip service, and not easily co-opted by political elites. When the POS was closed the women's movement was more likely to grasp at any response it got from political elites. Political elites recognized their advantage, and thus offered only co-optive responses (designed to assuage the movement and not really change the status quo). Under a closed POS the movement risked being co-opted by political elites as it became increasingly willing to accept whatever morsels were offered it. This work shows that the POS is a key determinant of relations between political elites and social movements. Under similar political opportunity structures all three waves gained similar amounts of access to and response from political elites.
Political elites, social movements, and changing political opportunity structures: The case of the three waves of the women's movement
Creators: name: Jeydel, Alana Suzanne
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Under what conditions arc members of Congress (political elites) responsive to social movements and when do social movements gain access to members of Congress and Presidents? This research explores the ebb and flow of political elite responsiveness to social movements and social movement access to political elites through a comparative, longitudinal analysis of the three waves of the women's movement--1848-1889, 1890-1928 and 1960-1985. It focuses on the political opportunity structure as a major determinant of the degree of responsiveness and access and as a key determinant of relations between social movements and political elites. The political opportunity structure is a term used to describe the political climate and institutional arrangements of a political system. It is composed of the level of electoral stability, level of unity among elites, mass opinion, and powers granted to party leaders. This research found that the POS was a key determinant of the relations between the women's movement and political elites. Under an open POS political elites were in need of the resources that the women's movement had (members, votes, issues). Thus, the women's movement had increased political leverage with political elites under an open POS. Furthermore, when the POS was open the movement was not easily assuaged by lip service, and not easily co-opted by political elites. When the POS was closed the women's movement was more likely to grasp at any response it got from political elites. Political elites recognized their advantage, and thus offered only co-optive responses (designed to assuage the movement and not really change the status quo). Under a closed POS the movement risked being co-opted by political elites as it became increasingly willing to accept whatever morsels were offered it. This work shows that the POS is a key determinant of relations between political elites and social movements. Under similar political opportunity structures all three waves gained similar amounts of access to and response from political elites.
OPTION PRICING WITH V. G. MARTINGALE COMPONENTS
Creators: name: Milne, Frank
name: Madan, Dilip
name: Milne, Frank
name: Madan, Dilip
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: option pricing
subject: martingales
subject: V.G. process

description: European call options are priced when the uncertainty driving the stock price follows the V. G. stochastic process (Madan and Seneta 1990). The incomplete markets equilibrium change of measure is approximated and identified using the log return mean. variance, and kurtosis. An exact equilibrium interpretation is also provided, allowing inference about relative risk aversion coefficients from option prices. Relative to Black-Scholes, V. G. option values are higher, particularly so for out of the money options with long maturity on stocks with high means. low variances, and high kurtosis.
A q-deformed Uncertainty Relation
Creators: name: Zhang, Jian-zu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the formulation of a q-deformed Quantum Mechanics a qualitative undercut of the q-deformed uncertainty relation from the Heisenberg uncertainty relation is revealed. When $q$ is some fixed value not equal to one, recovering of ordinary quantum mechanics and the corresponding recovering condition are discussed.
description: 10 pages
The Jang equation and the positive mass theorem in the asymptotically hyperbolic setting
Creators: name: Sakovich, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve the Jang equation with respect to asymptotically hyperbolic "hyperboloidal" initial data. The results are applied to give a non-spinor proof of the positive mass theorem in the asymptotically hyperbolic setting. This work focuses on the case when the spatial dimension is equal to three.
description: 68 pages. Accepted by Commun. Math. Phys
1915-05-27 G.V. Black to McKay
Creators: name: Black, G. V. (Greene Vardiman), 1836-1915.
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 1915
Subjects: Dental Fluorosis
Tooth Abnormalities
Fluoridation
Colorado

description: Title: G.V. Black to McKay Container: c02 id: level:
A brief intervention with mildly depressed undergraduate women: Retraining attributions for dating relationships
Creators: name: Laster, Alison Edwards
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Because of research suggesting that women are two to three times more likely to experience a depressive episode than men (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1987), that as many as one third of college level students are at least mildly depressed at one time (Gotlib, 1984), that depressed women, more than men, tend to ruminate (Morrow & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1990) and to attribute their depressive symptoms to interpersonal relationships (Robbins & Tanck, 1991), mildly depressed college women were chosen for this study exploring attributions about dating situations in light of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression (Abramson, Metalsky, & Alloy, 1989). This experimental study administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Hopelessness Scale, six interpersonal items from the college version of the Attributional Style Questionnaire, a rumination measure, and a questionnaire of attributions and ratings of current dating situations, to 65 freshman and sophomore women scoring 9 or above on the BDI, both at the time of the experimental intervention and again an average of three months later. Experimental group subjects experienced a dating attribution retraining intervention modeled on Wilson and Linville's (1982, 1985) studies, while control subjects heard about and discussed academic majors. The intervention had a significant effect on experimental group subjects' attributions about dating situations despite no actual change in their own situations, and interacted with initial hopelessness levels to significantly predict greater positive changes in ASQ scores and Time 2 hopelessness levels among experimental group subjects. Dating satisfaction improved across all subjects, but particularly for ten subjects who found monogamous dating relationships over the course of the study. Implications of significant findings, as well as effects not found, are discussed in terms of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression, cognitive treatments of depression, and research on rumination, attributions and depression. Specifically, the role of life stress in predicting depression from attributions and rumination is discussed.
Costly External Finance and Investment Efficiency in a Market Equilibrium Model
Creators: name: Zabojnik, Jan
name: Zabojnik, Jan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: The corporate finance literature suggests that a financially constrained firm invests less than an identical unconstrained firm. This does not imply that financial frictions cause firms to invest less than in a frictionless economy. When firms compete for investment funds, an increase in financial frictions can lead individual firms to increase their investment levels. A greater than the frictionless level of investment is likely in low productivity firms, in cash-rich firms, and in firms with cheap external capital. Government programs that make capital cheaper for small firms may lead to lower levels of investment for all firms and decrease efficiency.
A brief intervention with mildly depressed undergraduate women: Retraining attributions for dating relationships
Creators: name: Laster, Alison Edwards
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Because of research suggesting that women are two to three times more likely to experience a depressive episode than men (Nolen-Hoeksema, 1987), that as many as one third of college level students are at least mildly depressed at one time (Gotlib, 1984), that depressed women, more than men, tend to ruminate (Morrow & Nolen-Hoeksema, 1990) and to attribute their depressive symptoms to interpersonal relationships (Robbins & Tanck, 1991), mildly depressed college women were chosen for this study exploring attributions about dating situations in light of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression (Abramson, Metalsky, & Alloy, 1989). This experimental study administered the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), Beck Hopelessness Scale, six interpersonal items from the college version of the Attributional Style Questionnaire, a rumination measure, and a questionnaire of attributions and ratings of current dating situations, to 65 freshman and sophomore women scoring 9 or above on the BDI, both at the time of the experimental intervention and again an average of three months later. Experimental group subjects experienced a dating attribution retraining intervention modeled on Wilson and Linville's (1982, 1985) studies, while control subjects heard about and discussed academic majors. The intervention had a significant effect on experimental group subjects' attributions about dating situations despite no actual change in their own situations, and interacted with initial hopelessness levels to significantly predict greater positive changes in ASQ scores and Time 2 hopelessness levels among experimental group subjects. Dating satisfaction improved across all subjects, but particularly for ten subjects who found monogamous dating relationships over the course of the study. Implications of significant findings, as well as effects not found, are discussed in terms of the Hopelessness Theory of Depression, cognitive treatments of depression, and research on rumination, attributions and depression. Specifically, the role of life stress in predicting depression from attributions and rumination is discussed.
Regularity and Chaos in low-lying 2+ states of even-even nuclei
Creators: name: Abul--Magd, A. Y.
name: Harney, H. L.
name: Simbel, M. H.
name: Weidenmueller, H. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using all the available empirical information, we analyse the spacing distributions of low-lying 2+ levels in even-even nuclei by comparing them with a theoretical distribution characterized by a single parameter (the chaoticity parameter f). We use the method of Bayesian inference. We show that the necessary unfolding procedure generally leads to an overestimate of f. We find that f varies strongly with the ratio of the excitation energies of the first 4+ and 2+ levels and assumes particularly small values in nuclei that have one of the dynamical symmetries of the Interacting Boson Model.
description: 9 pages
Encephalization and Division of Labor by Early Humans
Creators: name: Hartwick, John
name: Hartwick, John
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: early humans
subject: division of labor
subject: brain expansion

description: $ % & ' & ' & (# & ) & & * & +, - !!(./ $ ' & & & 0 & + / & '1
Entimus Germar
Creators: name: Morrone, Juan J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Entimus

description: Entimus Germar
 Entimus Germar 1817:341 (type species: Curculio imperialis Forster, subsequent designation by Schönherr 1823).
 Curculio Duponchel [1843]:398 (misidentification, not Linnaeus 1758).
 Curculio Blanchard 1845:99 (misidentification, not Linnaeus 1758).
 Curculio Gistel 1848:134 (misidentification, not Linnaeus 1758).
 Entimnus Handlirsch 1907:808 (lapsus).
 Entymus Jacob [1936]:155 (lapsus).
 Diagnosis. Species of Entimus are easily identified by their large size (12– 45 mm) and the presence of green, blue, and gold iridescent scales. In addition, the combination of the following characters is diagnostic: antennae reaching base of prothorax, with second funicular article scarcely longer than first; widened frontal groove; pronotum as wide as long, granulate; elytra triangularly shaped; tibiae not crenulated or dentate within; scutellum protruding; and aedeagal apex slightly acute.
description: Published as part of Morrone, Juan J., 2002, The Neotropical Weevil Genus Entimus (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Entiminae): Cladistics, Biogeography, And Modes Of Speciation, pp. 501-513 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 56 (4) on page 503, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065x(2002)056[0501:tnwgec]2.0.co;2, http://zenodo.org/record/4891586
New insights on the evolution of the US Mid-Atlantic continental margin from sequence stratigraphy, statistics, and forward modeling: implications for carbon sequestration and sea-level studies
Creators: name: Schmelz, William John
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: I have used the strata of the US mid-Atlantic margin, sequence stratigraphy, and numerical modeling to assess: 1) the geologic and economic feasibility of carbon capture and sequestration in Cretaceous strata offshore New Jersey and Maryland; and 2) the effects of mantle dynamic topography (MDT) on Cenozoic stratigraphy of the US mid-Atlantic margin. Early to mid-Cretaceous shifts in sedimentation attributable to base-level variations generated subsurface reservoir units and overlying seals in the offshore New Jersey and Maryland that I have identified using integrated sequence stratigraphic methods. In particular, the strata just offshore Maryland can likely be used to store large volumes of supercritical carbon dioxide. Applying a sink-source matching model that matches carbon captured from electricity-generating power plants in the region with a geological storage reservoir indicates that storage in these offshore reservoirs would be marginally (~$10 per ton) more expensive than storing the emissions geologically onshore. Statistically modeling the discrepancies in estimates of global mean geocentric sea-level change (GMGSL) derived from US mid-Atlantic margin core data and independent estimates indicates that MDT likely generated up to 60 m of Cenozoic relative vertical land motion in given locations on the US mid-Atlantic margin. The modeled effect can be characterized as a pulse of relative uplift onshore New Jersey from 50 to 20 Ma that is also observed offshore from ~35-3 Ma, but net subsidence likely occurred since 55 Ma. These observations suggest that the subducted Farallon slab generated both a long-term subsidence effect and shorter-wavelength mantle anomalies associated with the more recent relative uplift of the Mid-Atlantic margin. Applying a forward stratigraphic model to reconstruct the sedimentation of the US mid-Atlantic margin for the past 23 Myr supports the assessment that a phase of relative MDT-driven uplift occurred offshore New Jersey during this time. The forward model parameterizes thermal subsidence, lithospheric flexure, compaction, sediment transport, sea-level, and sediment-supply variations. We optimize the parameters to produce the greatest probability that they are the true values considering the fit of the model output to stratigraphic data and parameter priors. Invoking between 0 and ~105 m of MDT-driven uplift produces the greatest posterior probabilities. This result is compatible with the statistical modeling that suggests estimates of GMGSL from core data collected offshore New Jersey is ~30 m too high.
Parallel PERM
Creators: name: Campbell, S
name: van Rensburg, EJ Janse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B41, 82B23, 65C05

description: We develop and implement a parallel flatPERM algorithm \cite{G97,PK04} with mutually interacting parallel flatPERM sequences and use it to sample self-avoiding walks in 2 and 3 dimensions. Our data show that the parallel implementation accelerates the convergence of the flatPERM algorithm. Moreover, increasing the number of interacting flatPERM sequences (rather than running longer simulations) improves the rate of convergence. This suggests that a more efficient implementation of flatPERM will be a massively parallel implementation, rather than long simulations of one, or a few parallel sequences. We also use the algorithm to estimate the growth constant of the self-avoiding walk in two and in three dimensions using simulations over 12 parallel sequences. Our best results are \[ μ_d = \cases{ 2.6381585(1), & \hbox{if $d=2$}; \cr 4.684039(1), & \hbox{if $d=3$}. } \]
The Construction of Some Important Classes of Generalized Coherent states: The Nonlinear Coherent States Method
Creators: name: Roknizadeh, R.
name: Tavassoly, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering some important classes of generalized coherent states known in literature, we demonstrated that all of them can be created via conventional fashion, i.e. the "lowering operator eigen-state" and the "displacement operator" techniques using the {\it "nonlinear coherent states"} approach. As a result we obtained a {\it "unified method"} to construct a large class of coherent states which already have been introduced by different prescriptions.
description: 17pages, The section 7 in last version is revised, Some references are added
Singlet Fermionic Dark Matter with Dark $Z$
Creators: name: Jung, Dong-Won
name: Nam, Soo-hyeon
name: Yu, Chaehyun
name: Kim, Yeong Gyun
name: Lee, Kang Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fermionic dark matter model mediated by the hidden gauge boson. We assume the QED-like hidden sector which consists of a Dirac fermion and U(1)$_X$ gauge symmetry, and introduce an additional scalar electroweak doublet field with the U(1)$_X$ charge as a mediator. The hidden U(1)$_X$ symmetry is spontaneously broken by the electroweak symmetry breaking and there exists a massive extra neutral gauge boson in this model which is the mediator between the hidden and visible sectors. Due to the U(1)$_X$ charge, the additional scalar doublet does not couple to the Standard Model fermions, which leads to the Higgs sector of type I two Higgs doublet model. The new gauge boson couples to the Standard Model fermions with couplings proportional to those of the ordinary $Z$ boson but very suppressed, thus we call it the dark $Z$ boson. We study the phenomenology of the dark $Z$ boson and the Higgs sector, and show the hidden fermion can be the dark matter candidate.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Black hole masses and Doppler factors of $γ$-ray active galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Fan, Zhong-Hui
name: Cao, Xinwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sizes of the broad-line regions (BLRs) in $γ$-ray active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are estimated from their optical continuum luminosity by using the empirical relation between $R_{\rm BLR}$ and $L_{λ,\rm opt}$. Using the broad emission line data, we derive the photon energy density in the relativistic blobs near the massive black holes in AGNs. We calculate the power of the broad-line photons Compton up-scattered by the relativistic electrons in the blobs. Compared with observed $γ$-ray emission data, the Doppler factors $δ$ of the blobs for a sample of 36 $γ$-ray AGNs are derived, which are in the range of $\sim 3-17$. We estimate the central black hole masses of these $γ$-ray AGNs from the sizes of the BLR and the broad line widths. It is found that the black hole masses are in the range of $\sim 10^{8}-10^{10}M_{\odot}$. A significant correlation is found between the Doppler factor $δ$ and the core dominance parameter $R$. The results are consistent with the external radiation Compton (ERC) models for $γ$-ray emission from AGNs. The soft seed photons are probably from the broad-line regions.
description: 22 pages, accepted by ApJ
Magnetic field configurations in neutron stars from MHD simulations
Creators: name: Sur, Ankan
name: Haskell, Brynmor
name: Kuhn, Emily
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied numerically the evolution of magnetic fields in barotropic neutron stars, by performing nonlinear magnetohydrodynamical simulations with the code PLUTO. For both initially predominantly poloidal and toroidal fields, with varying strengths, we find that the field settles down to a mixed poloidal-toroidal configuration, where the toroidal component contributes between 10% and 20% of the total magnetic energy. This is, however, not a strict equilibrium, as the instability leads to the development of turbulence, which in turn gives rise to an inverse helicity cascade, which determines the final 'twisted torus' setup. The final field configuration is thus dictated by the non-linear saturation of the instability and is not stationary. The average energy of the poloidal and toroidal components, however, is approximately stable in our simulations, and a complex multipolar structure emerges at the surface, while the magnetic field is dipolar at the exterior boundary, outside the star.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Querying on quality: Assessing the assessment of student satisfaction
Creators: name: Levine, Scott H.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: This study was designed to collect information about the process of assessing student satisfaction as it is done at the institutions in the second tier of the September 18, 1995 issue of U.S. News and World Report, otherwise known as "America's Best Colleges". Comprised of a cross-section of four-year higher education, this research pool included public and private institutions of varying sizes, from all regions of the country. This study was intended to help further define the relationship between college student retention and student satisfaction, based on earlier research by Astin, Stodt, et.al., which suggests a strong correlation. These data were collected by surveying the chief student affairs officer (CSAO) and chief academic officer (CAO) at each of the 65 institutions in this tier to explore the following: (1) is student satisfaction being assessed? (2) which student populations are being assessed? (3) how often are they being assessed? (4) through what mechanisms does this assessment occur? (5) who on campus orchestrates the assessment process? (6) how are results disseminated? (7) how are results utilized to increase satisfaction for future student cohorts?; Results of this study offered a clear answer to the question of whether institutions are interested in assessing student satisfaction, as an overwhelming 92.3% indicated doing so. While undergraduates are the student group most often assessed, graduate students were surveyed at approximately 24.3% of public institutions and approximately 15% of private institutions. Student satisfaction is most often assessed annually, while the most commonly employed survey methodology is written surveys, used at 94.7% of public and 100% of private institutions. Technological advances such as e-mail and Web sites have not been well-incorporated into the assessment process. One conclusion based on the data collected involves the relationship between public vs. private status, institutional size and the involvement of the institutional research office in the assessment process. Specifically, it was noted that public institutions tend to be larger in size and also tend to have the institutional research office conduct the assessment. Other findings showed that public institutions were more likely to employ alternative survey methodologies (e.g., telephone surveying), were more likely to participate in this study, and were more open to sharing information about student satisfaction across campus. In addition, anecdotal feedback from survey respondents revealed that institutions use data collected from student satisfaction assessments to effect policy and programming changes in a variety of ways, including revising policies, renovating spaces, changing hours of operation, etc.
Almost all primes satisfy the Atkin-Serre conjecture and are not extremal
Creators: name: Gafni, Ayla
name: Thorner, Jesse
name: Wong, Peng-Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $f(z)=\sum_{n=1}^{\infty} a_f(n)e^{2πi n z}$ be a non-CM holomorphic cupsidal newform of trivial nebentypus and even integral level $k\geq 2$. Deligne's proof of the Weil conjectures shows that $|a_f(p)|\leq 2p^{\frac{k-1}{2}}$ for all primes $p$. We prove for 100% of primes $p$ that $2p^{\frac{k-1}{2}}\frac{\log\log p}{\sqrt{\log p}}
description: Condition requiring squarefree level is removed. Title change
SIMsim: An End-to-End Simulation of The Space Interferometer Mission
Creators: name: Meier, David L.
name: Folkner, William M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the basic elements and first results of an end-to-end simulation package whose purpose is to test the validity of the Space Interferometer Mission design. The fundamental simulation time step is one millisecond, with substructure at 1/8 ms, and the total duration of the simulation is five years. The end product of a given "wide-angle" astrometry run is an estimated grid star catalog over the entire sky with an accuracy of about 4 micro-arcseconds. SIMsim is divided into five separate modules that communicate via data pipes. The first generates the 'truth' data on the spacecraft structure and laser metrology. The second module generates uncorrupted fringes for the three SIM interferometers, based on the current spacecraft orientation, target stars' positions, etc. The third module reads out the CCD white light fringe data at specified times, corrupting that and the metrology data with appropriate errors. The data stream out of this module represents the basic data stream on the simulated spacecraft. The fourth module performs fringe-fitting tasks on this data, recovering the total path delay, and the fifth and final module inverts the entire metrology/delay dataset to ultimately determine the instantaneous path delay on a fiducial baseline fixed in space. (Pathlength feed forward is used every few milliseconds to re-position the interferometer to keep the fringes in the delay window.) The average of all such delays over an integration time (typically 30 s) is reported as one of several hundred thousand measured stellar delays over the five-year period, which are then inverted to produce the simulated catalog. Future plans include taking into account more sources of error from the SIM error budget and including narrow angle observations in the observing plan.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures; in SPIE conference, Interferometry in Space, Waikoloa, HI, 26-28 August, 2002
Risk Aversion Heterogeneity, Risky Jobs and Wealth Inequality
Creators: name: Cozzi, Marco
name: Cozzi, Marco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Wealth Inequality
subject: Heterogeneous Agents
subject: Incomplete Markets
subject: Computable General Equilibrium

description: This paper considers the macroeconomic implications of a set of empirical studies finding a high degree of dispersion in preferences for risk. It develops a model with risk aversion heterogene- ity, uninsurable idiosyncratic income risk, and (with or without) self-selection into risky jobs to quantify their effects on the distribution of wealth. The results show that the role of risk aversion heterogeneity is quantitatively important. When estimating the risk aversion distribution with the appropriate PSID data on income lotteries, the model matches the observed degree of wealth inequality in the U.S., accounting for both the wealth Gini index and other key features of the wealth distribution. It is also shown that neglecting risk preference heterogeneity has a first order effect on the aggregate allocations.
Margarinotus (Ptomister) umbrosus
Creators: name: Caterino, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Histeridae
Margarinotus
Margarinotus umbrosus

description: Margarinotus (Ptomister) umbrosus (Casey, 1893) (Figs. 5E–G, 6)
 Hister umbrosus Casey 1893: 547.
 Hister umbratilis Casey 1916: 217; Wenzel 1960: 459. Synonym.
 Margarinotus umbrosus (Casey); Wenzel 1944: 126.
 Diagnosis. PEL= 3.43–4.86 mm; PNW= 2.62– 4.30 mm. See diagnosis under M. umbilicatus for a diagnosis of this species. In more northern populations assigned to this species, especially in British Columbia, the lateral apical teeth of the median lobe tend to be much reduced, almost disappearing to leave a single median tooth in many individuals. In California populations the lateral teeth are usually well developed, though smaller than the median one.
 Remarks. Margarinotus umbrosus seems to be a more generalist species than its close relatives, having been recorded from dung, carrion, and decaying vegetation.
 Distribution (Fig. 6). This species occurs along the Pacific coast from central California (Marin Co.) through British Columbia ranging eastward in the north to Montana and Alberta.
description: Published as part of Caterino, Michael S., 2010, A Review of California Margarinotus Marseul (Coleoptera: Histeridae: Histerinae: Histerini), with Descriptions of Two New Species, pp. 1-12 in The Coleopterists Bulletin 64 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.1649/0010-065X-64.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4892928
A metal-free iodine-mediated conversion of hydroxamates to esters
Creators: name: Subhankar Ghosh
name: Jeet Banerjee
name: Rajat Ghosh
name: Shital K. Chattopadhyay
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: A metal-, oxidant-, and additive-free conversion of hydroxamates to esters have been achieved using molecular iodine as the reagent using a novel but not-so-explored heron-type rearrangement. The reaction proceeds with almost equal facility with substrates having either electron-donating or electron-withdrawing substituent. Similarly, α,ß-unsaturated, and sterically hindered ortho-substituted hydroxamates also undergo the desired transformation smoothly.
Gradual Channel Pruning while Training using Feature Relevance Scores for Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Aketi, Sai Aparna
name: Roy, Sourjya
name: Raghunathan, Anand
name: Roy, Kaushik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The enormous inference cost of deep neural networks can be scaled down by network compression. Pruning is one of the predominant approaches used for deep network compression. However, existing pruning techniques have one or more of the following limitations: 1) Additional energy cost on top of the compute heavy training stage due to pruning and fine-tuning stages, 2) Layer-wise pruning based on the statistics of a particular, ignoring the effect of error propagation in the network, 3) Lack of an efficient estimate for determining the important channels globally, 4) Unstructured pruning requires specialized hardware for effective use. To address all the above issues, we present a simple-yet-effective gradual channel pruning while training methodology using a novel data-driven metric referred to as feature relevance score. The proposed technique gets rid of the additional retraining cycles by pruning the least important channels in a structured fashion at fixed intervals during the actual training phase. Feature relevance scores help in efficiently evaluating the contribution of each channel towards the discriminative power of the network. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methodology on architectures such as VGG and ResNet using datasets such as CIFAR-10, CIFAR-100 and ImageNet, and successfully achieve significant model compression while trading off less than $1\%$ accuracy. Notably on CIFAR-10 dataset trained on ResNet-110, our approach achieves $2.4\times$ compression and a $56\%$ reduction in FLOPs with an accuracy drop of $0.01\%$ compared to the unpruned network.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 4 tables
Querying on quality: Assessing the assessment of student satisfaction
Creators: name: Levine, Scott H.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study was designed to collect information about the process of assessing student satisfaction as it is done at the institutions in the second tier of the September 18, 1995 issue of U.S. News and World Report, otherwise known as "America's Best Colleges". Comprised of a cross-section of four-year higher education, this research pool included public and private institutions of varying sizes, from all regions of the country. This study was intended to help further define the relationship between college student retention and student satisfaction, based on earlier research by Astin, Stodt, et.al., which suggests a strong correlation. These data were collected by surveying the chief student affairs officer (CSAO) and chief academic officer (CAO) at each of the 65 institutions in this tier to explore the following: (1) is student satisfaction being assessed? (2) which student populations are being assessed? (3) how often are they being assessed? (4) through what mechanisms does this assessment occur? (5) who on campus orchestrates the assessment process? (6) how are results disseminated? (7) how are results utilized to increase satisfaction for future student cohorts?; Results of this study offered a clear answer to the question of whether institutions are interested in assessing student satisfaction, as an overwhelming 92.3% indicated doing so. While undergraduates are the student group most often assessed, graduate students were surveyed at approximately 24.3% of public institutions and approximately 15% of private institutions. Student satisfaction is most often assessed annually, while the most commonly employed survey methodology is written surveys, used at 94.7% of public and 100% of private institutions. Technological advances such as e-mail and Web sites have not been well-incorporated into the assessment process. One conclusion based on the data collected involves the relationship between public vs. private status, institutional size and the involvement of the institutional research office in the assessment process. Specifically, it was noted that public institutions tend to be larger in size and also tend to have the institutional research office conduct the assessment. Other findings showed that public institutions were more likely to employ alternative survey methodologies (e.g., telephone surveying), were more likely to participate in this study, and were more open to sharing information about student satisfaction across campus. In addition, anecdotal feedback from survey respondents revealed that institutions use data collected from student satisfaction assessments to effect policy and programming changes in a variety of ways, including revising policies, renovating spaces, changing hours of operation, etc.