cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Aldolase potentiates DIDS activation of the ryanodine receptor in rabbit skeletal sarcoplasmic reticulum
Creators: name: Kim, Do Han
name: Moh, Sang Hyun
name: Lee, Eun Hui
name: Seo, In-Ra
name: Meissner, Gerhard
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: DIDS (4,4′-di-isothiocyanostilbene-2,2′-disulfonate), an anion channel blocker, triggers Ca2+ release from skeletal muscle SR (sarcoplasmic reticulum). The present study characterized the effects of DIDS on rabbit skeletal single Ca2+-release channel/RyR1 (ryanodine receptor type 1) incorporated into a planar lipid bilayer. When junctional SR vesicles were used for channel incorporation (native RyR1), DIDS increased the mean Po (open probability) of RyR1 without affecting unitary conductance when Cs+ was used as the charge carrier. Lifetime analysis of single RyR1 activities showed that 10 μM DIDS induced reversible long-lived open events (Po=0.451±0.038) in the presence of 10 μM Ca2+, due mainly to a new third component for both open and closed time constants. However, when purified RyR1 was examined in the same condition, 10 μM DIDS became considerably less potent (Po=0.206±0.025), although the caffeine response was similar between native and purified RyR1. Hence we postulated that a DIDS-binding protein, essential for the DIDS sensitivity of RyR1, was lost during RyR1 purification. DIDS-affinity column chromatography of solubilized junctional SR, and MALDI–TOF (matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization–time-of-flight) MS analysis of the affinity-column-associated proteins, identified four major DIDS-binding proteins in the SR fraction. Among them, aldolase was the only protein that greatly potentiated DIDS sensitivity. The association between RyR1 and aldolase was further confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and aldolase-affinity batch-column chromatography. Taken together, we conclude that aldolase is physically associated with RyR1 and could confer a considerable potentiation of the DIDS effect on RyR1.
The Shape of LITTLE THINGS Dwarf Galaxies DDO 46 and DDO 168: Understanding the stellar and gas kinematics
Creators: name: Johnson, Megan C.
name: Hunter, Deidre A.
name: Wood, Sarah
name: Oh, Se-Heon
name: Zhang, Hong-Xin
name: Herrmann, Kimberly A.
name: Levine, Stephen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the stellar and gas kinematics of DDO 46 and DDO 168 from the LITTLE THINGS survey and determine their respective Vmax/sigma_z,0 values. We used the KPNO's 4-meter telescope with the Echelle spectrograph as a long-slit spectrograph. We acquired spectra of DDO 168 along four position angles by placing the slit over the morphological major and minor axes and two intermediate position angles. However, due to poor weather conditions during our observing run for DDO 46, we were able to extract only one useful data point from the morphological major axis. We determined a central stellar velocity dispersion perpendicular to the disk, sigma_z,0, of 13.5+/-8 km/s for DDO 46 and of 10.7+/-2.9 km/s for DDO 168. We then derived the maximum rotation speed in both galaxies using the LITTLE THINGS HI data. We separated bulk motions from non-circular motions using a double Gaussian decomposition technique and applied a tilted-ring model to the bulk velocity field. We corrected the observed HI rotation speeds for asymmetric drift and found a maximum velocity, Vmax, of 77.4 +/- 3.7 and 67.4 +/- 4.0 km/s for DDO 46 and DDO 168, respectively. Thus, we derived a kinematic measure, Vmax/sigma_z,0, of 5.7 +/- 0.6 for DDO 46 and 6.3 +/- 0.3 for DDO 168. Comparing these values to ones determined for spiral galaxies, we find that DDO 46 and DDO 168 have Vmax/sigma_z,0 values indicative of thin disks, which is in contrast to minor-to-major axis ratio studies.
First record of two gobiid fish from the Strait of Sicily (central Mediterranean Sea): Odondebuenia balearica (Pellegrin & Fage, 1907) and Vanneaugobius dollfusi (Brownell, 1978)
Creators: name: CONSOLI, Pierpaolo
name: KOVAČIĆ, Marcelo
name: BATTAGLIA, Pietro
name: ROMEO, Teresa
name: SCOTTI, Gianfranco
name: ANDALORO, Franco
name: PATZNER, Robert A.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The present study reports the first record of two gobiid fish, Odondebuenia balearica (Pellegrin & Fage, 1907) and Vanneaugobius dollfusi (Brownell, 1978), in the Strait of Sicily. Two females (23.1 and 33.9 mm TL, respectively) were sampled on the Terrible Bank at 48 and 55 meters depth, respectively. The soft bottom, previously investigated by means of a ROV, made up by coarse sands and fine gravels under the influence of bottom currents, was characterized by mega ripples with rhodolithes and maërl on their grooves. The morphology of the specimens is described. As regards V. dollfusi, this is also the first Mediterranean record of the species out of the Adriatic and Aegean Sea. The available sampling methods considering species and habitat characteristics are discussed. The adopted sampling method (a small dredge) appears to be the only method to collect these cryptobenthic fishes at these poorly investigated environments characterized by an offshore location, depth and a strong hydrodynamic regime. At the same time, the limited collecting effort may suggest that these elusive species may have been previously overlooked and additional information could indicate that their ranges are uniform and continuous throughout the Mediterranean Sea.
(225) Janet Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Human PXR Forms a Tryptophan Zipper-Mediated Homodimer †
Creators: name: Ittoop, Olivia
name: Wisely, G. Bruce
name: Noble, Schroeder
name: Carnahan, Virginia
name: Wang, Hongbing
name: Tripathy, Ashutosh
name: McDonnell, Donald
name: Luntz, Tom
name: Watkins, Ryan
name: LeCluyse, Ed
name: Stimmel, Julie
name: Moore, Linda
name: Redinbo, Matthew
name: Davis-Searles, Paula
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The human nuclear receptor pregnane X receptor (PXR) responds to a wide variety of potentially harmful chemicals and coordinates the expression of genes central to xenobiotic and endobiotic metabolism. Structural studies reveal that the PXR ligand binding domain (LBD) uses a novel sequence insert to form a homodimer unique to the nuclear receptor superfamily. Terminal β-strands from each monomeric LBD interact in an ideal antiparallel fashion to bury potentially exposed surface β-strands, generating a ten-stranded intermolecular β-sheet. Conserved tryptophan and tyrosine residues lock across the dimer interface and provide the first tryptophan-zipper (Trp-Zip) interaction observed in a native protein. We show using analytical ultracentrifugation that the PXR LBD forms a homodimer in solution. We further find that removal of the interlocking aromatic residues eliminates dimer formation but does not affect PXR's ability to interact with DNA, RXRα, or ligands. Disruption of the homodimer significantly reduces receptor activity in transient transfection experiments, however, and effectively eliminates the receptor's recruitment of the transcriptional coactivator SRC-1 both in vitro and in vivo. Taken together, these results suggest that the unique Trp-Zip-mediated PXR homodimer plays a role in the function of this nuclear xenobiotic receptor.
Sex-ratio, growth and mortality of the Salema Sarpa salpa (Linnaeus, 1758) (Teleostei: Sparidae) along the eastern coast of Algeria
Creators: name: GROUD, Lilia Labiba
name: KARA, M. Hichem
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: A total of 756 specimens of Sarpa salpa (L. 1758) caught in the eastern coast of Algeria was used for population dynamics. Fish ranged in size from 68 to 320 mm total length and weighed from 4.2 to 550 g, with a global sex ratio of 1:1.29 in favor of males. The frequency distribution of the sexes was in favor of a protandrous hermaphroditism. The age of the fish was determined by scalimetry. Maximum estimated age was 7 years for females and 5 years for males with dominance of individuals aged 2 and 3 years (73.4%). The Von Bertalanffy growth model is TL = 27.61 × (1 - e-0.41t) for the total population. Growth performance index of Munro & Pauly (1983) is Φ = 2.49. The relationship between Total length and eviscerated weight (EW) was estimated as EW = 1.034 × 10-2 × Lt3.019 for females and EW = 1.789×10-2 × Lt2.839 for males. The natural mortality coefficient (M) estimates was 0.403 year-1 while fishing mortality coefficient (F) was 0.321 year--1 and the exploitation rate E = 0.443. This work is the first to study the age of S. salpa by scalimetry and the only one that addresses the structure and dynamics of this species on the southern shores of the western Mediterranean.
The microscopic structure of 2D CDT coupled to matter
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Goerlich, A.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
name: Zhang, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for 1+1 dimensional Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) coupled to 4 massive scalar fields one can construct an effective transfer matrix if the masses squared is larger than or equal to 0.05. The properties of this transfer matrix can explain why CDT coupled to matter can behave completely different from "pure" CDT. We identify the important critical exponent in the effective action, which may determine the universality class of the model.
description: 14 pages,lot of figures
The absence of gas bladder in the Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus Linnaeus, 1758 (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Scombridae). A review
Creators: name: CHANET, Bruno
name: GUINTARD, Claude
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The present article reviews the absence of gas bladder in the Atlantic mackerel Scomber scombrus (Actinopterygii: Teleostei: Scombridae). Four to five extant species are recognized to belong to the genus Scomber. Among them, only the Atlantic mackerel does not possess a gas bladder. The comparison of the swimming performances of the different species of the genus Scomber shows that the fastest one is the Atlantic mackerel. We may then hypothesize that the absence of this organ in this species is an adaptation to fast swimming, where the presence of a gas bladder would hamper fast accelerations.
Particle-Hole Asymmetry in Gapped Topological Insulator Surface States
Creators: name: Tabert, Calvin J.
name: Carbotte, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the combined effect of a gap and a Zeeman interaction on the helical Dirac fermions which exist on the surface of a topological insulator. Magneto-optical properties, the magnetization, Hall effect and the density of states are considered with emphasis on the particle-hole asymmetry which arises when a subdominant Schrödinger piece is included along with the dominant Dirac part of the Hamiltonian. When appropriate, we compare our results with those of a single valley gapped graphene system for which Zeeman splitting behaves differently. We provide a derivation of the phase offset in the magnetic oscillations brought about by the combined effect of the gap and Schrödinger term without requiring the semiclassical Onsager quantization condition. Our results agree with previous discussions based on semiclassical arguments.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures
Minimal Determinants for Binding Activated Gα from the Structure of a Gα i1 −Peptide Dimer † , ‡
Creators: name: Blaesius, Rainer
name: Lobanova, Ekaterina
name: Willard, Francis
name: Fredericks, Zoey
name: Shavkunov, Alexander
name: Johnston, Christopher
name: Arshavsky, Vadim
name: Ramer, J. Kevin
name: Low, Justin
name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Siderovski, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: G-proteins cycle between an inactive GDP-bound state and active GTP-bound state, serving as molecular switches that coordinate cellular signaling. We recently used phage-display to identify a series of peptides that bind Gα subunits in a nucleotide-dependent manner [Johnston, C. A., Willard, F. S., Jezyk, M. R., Fredericks, Z., Bodor, E. T., Jones, M. B., Blaesius, R., Watts, V. J., Harden, T. K., Sondek, J., Ramer, J. K., and Siderovski, D. P. (2005) Structure 13, 1069–1080]. Here we describe the structural features and functions of KB-1753, a peptide that binds selectively to GDP·AlF4−- and GTPγS-bound states of Gαi subunits. KB-1753 blocks interaction of Gαtransducin with its effector, cGMP phosphodiesterase, and inhibits transducin-mediated activation of cGMP degradation. Additionally, KB-1753 interferes with RGS protein binding and resultant GAP activity. A fluorescent KB-1753 variant was found to act as a sensor for activated Gα in vitro. The crystal structure of KB-1753 bound to Gαi1·GDP·AlF4− reveals binding to a conserved hydrophobic groove between switch II and α3 helices, and, along with supporting biochemical data and previous structural analyses, supports the notion that this is the site of effector interactions for Gαi subunits.
(227) Annie Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Crystal Structures of Human Carboxylesterase 1 in Covalent Complexes with the Chemical Warfare Agents Soman and Tabun † , ‡
Creators: name: Edwards, Carol
name: Cerasoli, Douglas
name: Maxwell, Donald
name: Fleming, Christopher
name: Redinbo, Matthew
name: Potter, Philip
name: Kirby, Stephen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The organophosphorus nerve agents sarin, soman, tabun, and VX exert their toxic effects by inhibiting the action of human acetylcholinesterase, a member of the serine hydrolase superfamily of enzymes. The current treatments for nerve agent exposure must be administered quickly to be effective and they often do not eliminate long-term toxic side effects associated with organophosphate poisoning. Thus, there is significant need for effective prophylactic methods to protect at-risk personnel from nerve agent exposure, and protein-based approaches have emerged as promising candidates. We present the 2.7 Å resolution crystal structures of the serine hydrolase human carboxylesterase 1 (hCE1), a broad-spectrum drug metabolism enzyme, in covalent acyl-enzyme intermediate complexes with the chemical weapons soman and tabun. The structures reveal that hCE1 binds stereoselectively to these nerve agents; for example, hCE1 appears to react preferentially with the 104-fold more lethal PS stereoisomer of soman relative to the PR form. In addition, structural features of the hCE1 active site indicate that the enzyme may be resistant to dead-end organophosphate aging reactions that permanently inactivate other serine hydrolases. Taken together, these data provide important structural details toward the goal of engineering hCE1 into an organophosphate hydrolase and protein-based therapeutic for nerve agent exposure.
How long can Octopus vulgaris live? An extended life cycle in southern Tunisian coasts from age estimation using stylet analysis
Creators: name: NAFKHA, Basma
name: ROCHA, Francisco
name: BEN ABDALLAH-BEN HADJ HAMIDA, Olfa
name: BEN HADJ HAMIDA, Nader
name: CHEMMAM, Bachra
name: VELASCO, Cristina
name: EZZEDDINE-NAJAI, Soufia
name: JARBOUI, Othman
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: Age and growth of Octopus vulgaris were estimated for the first time by using stylets of 200 specimens (97 males, 103 females) collected from the Tunisian southern coasts (the Gulf of Gabès), between June 2011 and May 2012. Females ranged in age from 215 days (7.5 months) to a maximum of 889 days (29.6 months), corresponding to weights of 380 to 5800 g. Males ranged in age from 102 days (3.4 months) to a maximum of 1251 days (41.7 months), corresponding to weights of 280 to 6350 g. A strong positive relationship between estimated age and both dorsal mantle length and body weight was observed. Our results indicated that under favourable conditions the life cycle of Octopus vulgaris could be extended to 2.5 years for most of the population and exceptionally to 3.5 years for some males in the Tunisian waters. Our data provided also a high growth individual variability and suggest the existence of octopus sub-annual cohorts which hatch through the year. The highest growth rate for both sexes was observed for individuals hatched in summer.
First documented smoothback angelshark Squatina oculata Bonaparte, 1840 from the North-Eastern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey
Creators: name: ERGÜDEN, Deniz
name: AYAS, Deniz
name: GÜRLEK, Mevlut
name: KARAN, Serpil
name: TURAN, Cemal
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: One female specimen of the Smoothback Angelshark Squatina oculata was captured by a commercial trawler at a depth of 65 m on 4 November 2017 from Aydıncık coast (North-eastern Mediterranean Sea, Turkey). Squatina oculata had not been reported in this part of the North-eastern Mediterranean Sea nearly for the last two decades. The captured specimen was 726 mm in total length and 3450 g in weight. Morphometric and meristic characters of the captured specimen are compared with the other Mediterranean records. Due to increasing fishing activities and habitat degradation throughout the Mediterranean Sea during the last decades, angelshark species are dramatically declined day by day. Thus, conservation status of the Smoothback Angelshark S. oculata in the Mediterranean Sea is classified as "Critically Endangered" at Global Red List by IUCN.
NMR study of the role of M42 in the solution dynamics of E. COLI dihydrofolate reductase
Creators: name: Mauldin, Randall V.
name: Lee, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: It is widely recognized that key positions throughout a protein’s structure contribute unequally to function. In light of recent studies that suggest protein dynamics are required for function, a number of these residues may serve to promote motions required for ligand binding and catalysis. In the present NMR study, the conformational dynamics of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) mutant M42W, in the presence of methotrexate and NADPH, are characterized and compared to the wild-type enzyme. M42 is distal to the active site, yet the M42W substitution regulates catalysis and ligand affinity, and is therefore analogous to an allosteric modulator of DHFR function. To gain understanding of how this mutation regulates activity, we employ a “pandynamic” strategy by measuring conformational fluctuations of backbone amide and side-chain methyl groups on multiple timescales. Changes in ps-ns dynamics indicate that the mutational effects are propagated throughout a network of interacting residues within DHFR, consistent with a role for M42 as a dynamic communication hub. On the μs-ms timescale, mutation increases the rate of switching in the catalytic core. Mutation also introduces switching in the adenosine binding subdomain that occurs at a higher frequency than in the catalytic core, and which correlates with the rate of product release for M42W-DHFR. Finally, a structurally inferred analysis of side-chain dynamics suggests that the M42W mutation dampens motional contributions from non-local effects. These data show that the M42W mutation alters the dynamics of DHFR and are consistent with theoretical analysis that suggests the mutation disrupts motion that promotes catalysis.
Adiabatic asymmetric scattering of atoms in the field of a standing wave
Creators: name: Hakobyan, M. V.
name: Red'kov, V. M.
name: Ishkhanyan, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of the asymmetric coherent scattering process (caused by initial atomic wave-packet splitting in the momentum space) taking place at the large detuning and adiabatic course of interaction for an effective two-state system interacting with a standing wave of laser radiation is discussed. We show that the same form of initial wave-packet splitting may lead to different, in general, diffraction patterns for opposite, adiabatic and resonant, regimes of the standing-wave scattering. We show that the scattering of the Gaussian wave packet in the adiabatic case presents refraction (a limiting form of the asymmetric scattering) in contrast to the bi-refringence (the limiting case of the high-order narrowed scattering) occurring in the resonant scattering.
A well established population of the Atlantic blue crab Callinectes sapidus (Rathbun, 1896) in the English Channel?
Creators: name: PEZY, Jean-Philippe
name: RAOUX, Aurore
name: BAFFREAU, Alexandrine
name: DAUVIN, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: In October 2017 and February 2018, two ovigerous females of Callinectes sapidus were collected in the Bay of Seine, Normandy. Occurrences of ovigerous females of the blue crab at different localities of the bay suggest that the pop- ulation is well established in the English Channel.
Histological study of the cutaneous bony scutes in the John dory, Zeus faber Linnaeus, 1758 (Teleostei: Zeiformes: Zeidae)
Creators: name: MEUNIER, François J.
name: BEAREZ, Philippe
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The cutaneous bony scutes in the John dory, Zeus faber, are made of acellular tubular bone. They show some secondary bone on the walls of central vascular cavities. This secondary bone is deprived of osteoblastic canaliculi. These histological features do not favour a scale-like origin but rather a cutaneous neoformation.
Has the portunid crab Charybdis feriata already established a population in the Mediterranean Sea?
Creators: name: COLMENERO, Ana I.
name: BARRÍA, Claudio
name: ABELLÓ, Pere
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The crucifix crab Charybdis feriata (Linnaeus, 1758) is reported for the third time in the Mediterranean Sea. An adult male was captured on 6th November 2017 with a trammel net in the fishing grounds off Tarragona at 22 m depth on sandy-muddy bottoms. The record from this study confirms the spreading of C. feriata throughout the northwestern Mediterranean Sea, and allows inferring the occurrence of an established population in the area, although so far at a low settlement level.
A review note on research studies of Kinorhyncha from India
Creators: name: CHATTERJEE, Tapas
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The present knowledge on kinorhynch recordings from India is being reviewed. Currently, kinorhynch species known from India include: Cateria gerlachi, Condyloderes paradoxus, Echinoderes andamanensis, E. bengalensis, Neocentrophyes satyai, and Sphenoderes indicus. Previous records of Echinoderes ehlersi must be considered as questionable, and the reported occurrences of Cateria styx are most likely misidentified specimens of C. gerlachi.
The Cellular Environment Stabilizes Adenine Riboswitch RNA Structure
Creators: name: Tyrrell, Jillian
name: McGinnis, Jennifer
name: Pielak, Gary
name: Weeks, Kevin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: There are large differences between the intracellular environment and the conditions widely used to study RNA structure and function in vitro. To assess the effects of the crowded cellular environment on RNA, we examined the structure and ligand-binding function of the adenine riboswitch aptamer domain in healthy, growing Escherichia coli cells at single-nucleotide resolution on the minute timescale using SHAPE. The ligand-bound aptamer structure is essentially the same in cells and in buffer at 1 mM Mg2+, the approximate Mg2+ concentration we measured in cells. In contrast, the in-cell conformation of the ligand-free aptamer is much more similar to the fully folded ligand-bound state. Even adding high Mg2+ concentrations to the buffer used for in vitro analyses did not yield the conformation observed for the free aptamer in cells. The cellular environment thus stabilizes the aptamer significantly more than does Mg2+ alone. Our results show that the intracellular environment has a large effect on RNA structure that ultimately favors highly organized conformations.
Otolith shape analysis as a tool for stock discrimination of Liza aurata from two Tunisian lagoons (Boughrara and El Biban)
Creators: name: JMIL, Imen
name: BEN FALEH, Abderraouf
name: REBAYA, Manel
name: ALLAYA, Hassen
name: BEN MOHAMED, Semia
name: TROJETTE, Mouna
name: CHALH, Abdellah
name: QUIGNARD, Jean-Pierre
name: TRABELSI, Monia
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The golden grey mullet Liza aurata (Risso, 1810) is one of the most common mugilid species in Tunisia. The aim of this study was to investigate, for the first time, the stock discrimination of this species for two Tunisian populations based on sagittae shape, using different statistical analyses. The specimens were collected during three months from two lagoons' stations in southern of Tunisia: El Biban and Boughrara. In total, 120 fish were sampled from the two sites, 60 fish from each lagoon (30 males and 30 females), and included for different statistical analyses. The Discriminant Function Analysis (DFA) for otolith shape showed statistically significant difference between specimens of the two lagoons. In addition, the results revealed distinct differences in otolith shape between the two populations and left-right symmetry of otolith in both sexes of each of the two stations, except one male from Boughrara which showed an asymmetry in the shape of the otolith. Moreover, sexual dimorphism was observed only in the left side of the otolith of El Biban specimens. The shape variability between specimens of the two lagoons is probably correlated with local environmental and ecological factors.
A new convergence analysis and perturbation resilience of some accelerated proximal forward-backward algorithms with errors
Creators: name: Reem, Daniel
name: De Pierro, Alvaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.6; G.1.0
subject: 90C25, 90C31, 49K40, 49M27, 90C59

description: Many problems in science and engineering involve, as part of their solution process, the consideration of a separable function which is the sum of two convex functions, one of them possibly non-smooth. Recently a few works have discussed inexact versions of several accelerated proximal methods aiming at solving this minimization problem. This paper shows that inexact versions of a method of Beck and Teboulle (FISTA) preserve, in a Hilbert space setting, the same (non-asymptotic) rate of convergence under some assumptions on the decay rate of the error terms. The notion of inexactness discussed here seems to be rather simple, but, interestingly, when comparing to related works, closely related decay rates of the errors terms yield closely related convergence rates. The derivation sheds some light on the somewhat mysterious origin of some parameters which appear in various accelerated methods. A consequence of the analysis is that the accelerated method is perturbation resilient, making it suitable, in principle, for the superiorization methodology. By taking this into account, we re-examine the superiorization methodology and significantly extend its scope.
description: 29 pages, to appear in Inverse Problems; a few slight improvements (mainly of Corollaries 3.7-3.8, Remark 2.6, Remark 3.9, Section 4), correction of a few inaccuracies on the level of typos, added (and updated) references, added thanks
Glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases: Rate limiting enzymes of triacylglycerol biosynthesis
Creators: name: Lewin, Tal
name: Wendel, Angela
name: Coleman, Rosalind
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Four homologous isoforms of glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT), each the product of a separate gene, catalyze the synthesis of lysophosphatidic acid from glycerol-3-phosphate and long-chain acyl-CoA. This step initiates the synthesis of all the glycerolipids and evidence from gain-of-function and loss-of-function studies in mice and in cell culture strongly suggests that each isoform contributes to the synthesis of triacylglycerol. Much work remains to fully delineate the regulation of each GPAT isoform and its individual role in triacylglycerol synthesis.
Valproate uncompetitively inhibits arachidonic acid acylation by rat acyl-CoA synthetase 4: Relevance to valproate's efficacy against bipolar disorder
Creators: name: Li, Lei
name: Modi, Hiren
name: Basselin, Mireille
name: Rapoport, Stanley
name: Coleman, Rosalind
name: Shimshoni, Jakob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Background—The ability of chronic valproate (VPA) to reduce arachidonic acid (AA) turnover in brain phospholipids of unanesthetized rats has been ascribed to its inhibition of acyl-CoA synthetase (Acsl)-mediated activation of AA to AA-CoA. Our aim was to identify a rat Acsl isoenzyme that could be inhibited by VPA in vitro. Methods—Rat Acsl3-, Acsl6v1- and Acsl6v2-, and Acsl4-flag proteins were expressed in E. coli, and the ability of VPA to inhibit their activation of long-chain fatty acids to acyl-CoA was estimated using Michaelis-Menten kinetics. Results—VPA uncompetitively inhibited Acsl4-mediated conversion of AA and of docosahexaenoic (DHA) but not of palmitic acid to acyl-CoA, but did not affect AA conversion by Acsl3, Acsl6v1 or Acsl6v2. Acsl4-mediated conversion of AA to AA-CoA showed substrate inhibition and had a 10-times higher catalytic efficiency than did conversion of DHA to DHACoA. Butyrate, octanoate, or lithium did not inhibit AA activation by Acsl4. Conclusions—VPA’s ability to inhibit Acsl4 activation of AA and of DHA to their respective acyl-CoAs, related to the higher catalytic efficiency of AA than DHA conversion, may account for VPA’s selective reduction of AA turnover in rat brain phospholipids, and contribute to VPA’s efficacy against bipolar disorder.
(223) Robert Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Biometry analysis of long-snouted seahorse Hippocampus guttulatus in the southwestern Black Sea (Turkey)
Creators: name: UZER, Uğur
name: YILDIZ, Taner
name: KARAKULAK, F. Saadet
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The objective of the present study is to assess and describe variation in the morphometric characters of Hippocampus guttulatus from various coastal locations of Turkey in the southwestern Black Sea. In total, 14 morphometric characteristics were examined in 210 specimens (115 females and 95 males). Mean length and weight were 11.89 ± 7.73 cm and 1.54 ± 0.41 g for females, and 12.24 ± 8.13 cm and 1.60 ± 0.42 g for males. Females and males were found to differ in the SL, TrL, TD4, LD and HD (P < 0.05). Males reached a greater length than females. The length-weight relationships were highly significant (P < 0.001). The estimated length-weight relationship for both sexes was W = 0.0027 × SL2.545 (R2 = 0.397). This relationship was W = 0.0018 × SL2.719 (R2 = 0.387) for females and W = 0.0034 × SL2.451 (R2 = 0.416) for males.
Adiabatic approximation and fluctuations in exciton-polariton condensates
Creators: name: Bobrovska, Nataliya
name: Matuszewski, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between the models commonly used to describe the dynamics of nonresonantly pumped exciton-polariton condensates, namely the ones described by the complex Ginzburg-Landau equation, and by the open-dissipative Gross-Pitaevskii equation including a separate equation for the reservoir density. In particular, we focus on the validity of the adiabatic approximation that allows to reduce the coupled condensate-reservoir dynamics to a single partial differential equation. We find that the adiabatic approximation consists of three independent analytical conditions that have to be fulfilled simultaneously. By investigating stochastic versions of the two corresponding models, we verify that the breakdown of the adiabatic approximation can lead to discrepancies in correlation lengths and distributions of fluctuations. Additionally, we consider the phase diffusion and number fluctuations of a condensate in a box, and show that self-consistent description requires treatment beyond the typical Bogoliubov approximation.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
New records of polychaetes (Annelida) from the Black Sea
Creators: name: KURT-SAHIN, Güley
name: ÇINAR, Melih Ertan
name: DAGLI, Ertan
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The present paper includes four new records of polychaete species to the marine fauna of the Black Sea: Malmgrenia lilianae, Salvatoria cf. dolichopoda, Polydora agassizi and Aricidea (Acmira) simonae. In addition, four species, namely Pisione remota, Pterocirrus macroceros, Polydora cornuta and Saccocirrus papillocercus, are new records for the Black Sea coast of Turkey. The morphological and distributional features of the species are given.
Cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying blood vessel lumen formation
Creators: name: Conlon, Frank L.
name: Charpentier, Marta S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The establishment of a functional vascular system requires multiple complex steps throughout embryogenesis, from endothelial cell (EC) specification to vascular patterning into venous and arterial hierarchies. Following the initial assembly of ECs into a network of cord-like structures, vascular expansion and remodeling occur rapidly through morphogenetic events including vessel sprouting, fusion, and pruning. In addition, vascular morphogenesis encompasses the process of lumen formation, critical for the transformation of cords into perfusable vascular tubes. Studies in mouse, zebrafish, frog, and human endothelial cells have begun to outline the cellular and molecular requirements underlying lumen formation. Although the lumen can be generated through diverse mechanisms, the coordinated participation of multiple conserved molecules including transcription factors, small GTPases, and adhesion and polarity proteins remains a fundamental principle, leading us closer to a more thorough understanding of this complex event.
Electrokinetic-enhanced removal of toluene from physically heterogeneous granular porous media
Creators: name: Gill, Richard Thomas
name: Thornton, Steven
name: Harbottle, Michael J.
name: SMith, Jonathan W.N.
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Supporting Information for 'Electrokinetic enhanced removal of toluene from 1 physically heterogeneous media'
Genotype, Childhood Maltreatment, and Their Interaction in the Etiology of Adult Antisocial Behaviors
Creators: name: Haberstick, Brett C.
name: Halpern, Carolyn T.
name: Hopfer, Christian J.
name: Harris, Kathleen Mullan
name: Tabor, Joyce
name: Siegler, Ilene C.
name: Smolen, Andrew
name: Boardman, Jason D.
name: Williams, Redford B.
name: Killeya-Jones, Ley A.
name: Lessem, Jeffrey M.
name: Hewitt, John K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: BACKGROUND: Maltreatment by an adult or caregiver during childhood is a prevalent and important predictor of antisocial behaviors in adulthood. A functional promoter polymorphism in the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene has been implicated as a moderating factor in the relationship between childhood maltreatment and antisocial behaviors. Although there have been numerous attempts at replicating this observation, results remain inconclusive. METHODS: We examined this gene-environment interaction hypothesis in a sample of 3356 white and 960 black men (aged 24-34) participating in the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health. RESULTS: Primary analysis indicated that childhood maltreatment was a significant risk factor for later behaviors that violate rules and the rights of others (p < .05), there were no main effects of MAOA genotype, and MAOA genotype was not a significant moderator of the relationship between maltreatment and antisocial behaviors in our white sample. Post hoc analyses identified a similar pattern of results among our black sample in which maltreatment was not a significant predictor of antisocial behavior. Post hoc analyses also revealed a main effect of MAOA genotype on having a disposition toward violence in both samples and for violent convictions among our black sample. None of these post hoc findings, however, survived correction for multiple testing (p > .05). Power analyses indicated that these results were not due to insufficient statistical power. CONCLUSIONS: We could not confirm the hypothesis that MAOA genotype moderates the relationship between childhood maltreatment and adult antisocial behaviors.
Abundance and species composition of gelatinous zooplankton in Habibas Islands and Sidi Fredj (Western Mediterranean Sea)
Creators: name: KHAMES, Ghollame Ellah Yacine
name: HAFFERSSAS, Aziz
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: Gelatinous zooplankton was studied in a series of stations coming from two different localities in the southwestern Mediterranean Sea: Habibas Islands (Alboran Sea) and Sidi Fredj (Algerian Basin). Occurrences of gelatinous zooplankton were observed to be more in spring and summer. However, the species composition varied from locations and seasons. A total 35 species were identified in the study area: 9 appendicularians, 9 siphonophores, 7 pteropods, 5 chaetognaths and five thaliaceans. The Shannon diversity index (H') values ranged from 2.44 to 3.21 bits.ind-1 in Sidi Fredj and 2.30 to 3.73 bits.ind-1 in Habibas Islands. In Sidi Fredj, minimum zooplankton diversity was recorded during autumn and maximum during spring. In Habibas Islands, the zooplankton diversity was recorded minimum during summer and maximum during spring.
A new method for obtaining approximate solutions of the hyperbolic Kepler's equation
Creators: name: Avendano, Martín
name: Martín-Molina, Verónica
name: Ortigas-Galindo, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide an approximate zero $\widetilde{S}(g,L)$ for the hyperbolic Kepler's equation $S-g\, {\rm asinh} (S)-L=0$ for $g\in(0,1)$ and $L\in[0,\infty)$. We prove, by using Smale's $α$-theory, that Newton's method starting at our approximate zero produces a sequence that converges to the actual solution $S(g,L)$ at quadratic speed, i.e. if $S_n$ is the value obtained after $n$ iterations, then $|S_n-S|\leq 0.5^{2^n-1}|\widetilde{S}-S|$. The approximate zero $\widetilde{S}(g,L)$ is a piecewise-defined function involving several linear expressions and one with cubic and square roots. In bounded regions of $(0,1) \times [0,\infty)$ that exclude a small neighborhood of $g=1, L=0$, we also provide a method to construct simpler starters involving only constants.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures
The utility of naphthyl-keratin adducts as biomarkers for jet-fuel exposure
Creators: name: Frame, Lynn
name: Nylander-French, Leena
name: Rappaport, Stephen
name: French, John
name: Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan
name: Toennis, Christine
name: Serdar, Berrin
name: Li, Wang
name: Chao, Yi-Chun
name: Borisova, Tatyana
name: Egeghy, Peter
name: Butler, Mary Ann
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We investigated the association between biomarkers of dermal exposure, naphthyl-keratin adducts (NKA), and urine naphthalene biomarker levels in 105 workers routinely exposed to jet-fuel. A moderate correlation was observed between NKA and urine naphthalene levels (p = 0.061). The NKA, post-exposure breath naphthalene, and male gender were associated with an increase, while CYP2E1*6 DD and GSTT1-plus (++/+−) genotypes were associated with a decrease in urine naphthalene level (p < 0.0001). The NKA show great promise as biomarkers for dermal exposure to naphthalene. Further studies are warranted to characterize the relationship between NKA, other exposure biomarkers, and/or biomarkers of biological effects due to naphthalene and/or PAH exposure.
(224) Jessie Speirs
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Folding graft copolymer with pendant drug segments for co-delivery of anticancer drugs
Creators: name: Mo, Ran
name: Gu, Zhen
name: Lu, Yue
name: Tai, Wanyi
name: Jiang, Tianyue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A graft copolymer with pendant drug segment can fold into nanostructures in a protein folding-like manner. The graft copolymer is constructed by directly polymerizing γ-camptothecin-glutamate N-carboxyanhydride (Glu(CPT)-NCA) on multiple sites of poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG)-based main chain via the ring open polymerization (ROP). The “purely” conjugated anticancer agent camptothecin (CPT) is hydrophobic and serves as the principal driving force during the folding process. When exposed to water, the obtained copolymer, together with doxorubicin (Dox), another anticancer agent, can fold into monodispersed nanocarriers (with a diameter of around 50 nm) for dual-drug delivery. Equipped with a PEG shell, the nanocarriers displayed good stability and can be internalized by a variety of cancer cell lines via the lipid raft and clathrin-mediated endocytotic pathway without premature leakage, which showed a high synergetic activity of CPT and Dox toward various cancer cells. In vivo study validated that the nanocarriers exhibited strong accumulation in tumor sites and showed a prominent anticancer activity against the lung cancer xenograft mice model compared with free drugs.
New record of the genus Gracilimesus Kavanagh & Wilson, 2007 (Crustacea: Isopoda: Asellota) from Brazilian deep sea, with description of a new species
Creators: name: SANTOS-SILVA, Elinai
name: SOUZA-FILHO, Jesser F.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: A new species of the genus Gracilimesus is described from Brazilian deep sea , with material collected from Alagoa s-Sergipe, Espírito Santo and Campos Basins. The species has dimorphism sexual, common in the genus, males with anterolateral spines on pereonites I and IV and females with anterolateral spines on pereonite I only, shorter than spines observed on pereonite I of males. Diagnostic characters of the new species include: antennula with 5 articles, article 2 with 2 long simple dorsomedial setae and 1 simple lateral seta ; pleotelson posterolateral margin, anterior to uropods, with pedestal spines: length approximately half uropod length, in females and males. The new species shares some characters with G. celticensis, but differs from it in having 2 long setae in article 2 of the antennula, not observed in G. celticensis; mouthparts less setose; pereonite IV with a short anterolateral spine, versus long in G. celticensis and pereopod I carpus and propodus ventral margin serrate. This is the first report of the genus Gracilimesus from Brazilian deep sea .
First record of the sea cucumber Parastichopus tremulus (Gunnerus, 1767) (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida) in the Mediterranean Sea (Alboran Sea, western Mediterranean)
Creators: name: ORDINES, Francesc
name: FERRIOL, Pere
name: MOYA, Francina
name: FARIAS, Carlos
name: RUEDA, José L.
name: GARCÍA-RUIZ, Cristina
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2019

description: The holothurian Parastichopus tremulus, a species only know from the north-eastern Atlantic, is reported for the first time from the Mediterranean Sea. Five individuals of the species were collected in the vicinity of the Seco de los Olivos sea mount in May 2017 from a bottom trawl sample carried out during the MEDITS trawl survey. Scanning Electron Microscope images of body wall ossicles are supplied to support species identification. Connectivity between Atlantic and Mediterranean populations of P. tremulus is suggested due to the existence of a nearby Atlantic population in the Gulf of Cádiz and the documented presence of abundant holothuroid larvae in the anticyclonic gyre which originates in the Atlantic current entering the Mediterranean, near the Strait of Gibraltar.