cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A multinode quantum network over a metropolitan area
Creators: name: Liu, Jian-Long
name: Luo, Xi-Yu
name: Yu, Yong
name: Wang, Chao-Yang
name: Wang, Bin
name: Hu, Yi
name: Li, Jun
name: Zheng, Ming-Yang
name: Yao, Bo
name: Yan, Zi
name: Teng, Da
name: Jiang, Jin-Wei
name: Liu, Xiao-Bing
name: Xie, Xiu-Ping
name: Zhang, Jun
name: Mao, Qing-He
name: Jiang, Xiao
name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Bao, Xiao-Hui
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Towards realizing the future quantum internet, a pivotal milestone entails the transition from two-node proof-of-principle experiments conducted in laboratories to comprehensive, multi-node setups on large scales. Here, we report on the debut implementation of a multi-node entanglement-based quantum network over a metropolitan area. We equipped three quantum nodes with atomic quantum memories and their telecom interfaces, and combined them into a scalable phase-stabilized architecture through a server node. We demonstrated heralded entanglement generation between two quantum nodes situated 12.5 km apart, and the storage of entanglement exceeding the round-trip communication time. We also showed the concurrent entanglement generation on three links. Our work provides a metropolitan-scale testbed for the evaluation and exploration of multi-node quantum network protocols and starts a new stage of quantum internet research.
description: 21 pages in total, 4 figures and 1 table in the main text, 5 figures and 8 tables in the supplementary material
Exploratory Study of the Differential Impact of Mental Health Funding on Rates of State Psychiatric Hospital Utilization
Creators: McCartney, Pate Lloyd
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: Social service
subject: Mental health
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: This exploratory study examines 10 categories of mental health services for any differential impacts they may have upon 6 measures of state psychiatric hospital utilization. These data for 1984, 1985 and 1986 are studied for the 40 catchment areas in Massachusetts, while controlling for salient demographic characteristics derived from the 1980 United States Census. Also examined for its impact upon rates of utilization is the Brewster v. Dukakis Consent Decree. The auspices of community mental health services are additionally included for control purposes to ascertain if systems predominantly operated directly by state personnel have different rates of hospital utilization than community systems that rely primarily upon contracts with vendors. The data indicate that considerable variance in rates of state psychiatric hospital utilization can be accounted for by the funding variables, while inclusion of the other independent variables allows for even more variance to be explained.
Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl. 2022, Nov. Gen.
Creators: name: Moonlight, Peter
name: Fuentes, Alfredo F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Cucurbitales
Begoniaceae
Begonia
Begonia parviflora

description: 7.33.Begonia parviflora Poepp. & Endl., Nov. Gen. Sp. 1: 7, pl. 12 (1835).
 – Scheidweilera parviflora (Poepp. & Endl.) Klotzsch, Abh. Kon. Akad. Wiss. Berlin 1854: 179 (1855). – Type: Peru, [Huánuco Region, Pampayacu], in Andim Peruviae orientalis ad Pampayaco, [8 ° 29′S, 76 ° 26′W], vi–ix, E.F. Poeppig s.n. (lectotype W, designated here).
L.B. Smith & B.G. Schubert, Revista Univ. (Cuzco) 33(87): 83 (1944); Rusby, H.H., Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 3: 40 (1893); R.C. Foster, Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 138 (1958); D.C.
 Wasshausen et al. in P.M. JØrgensen et al. (eds), Cat. Bolivia, Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 129: 385 (2013).
 Begonia micrantha Steud nom. nud., Nomencl. Bot. (Steudel), ed. 2, 1: 194 (1840).
 Begonia myriantha Britton, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 18: 35 (1891). – Type: Bolivia, [La Paz Department, Prov. Sud Yungas], Unduavi, [16°19′S, 67°54′W], 8000 ft, H.H. Rusby 691 (lectotype NY [NY00118634] designated here; isolectotypes BM [BM001191446], F [F0052634 F], GH [2: GH00068258, GH00068259], K [K000536739], MICH [MICH1115795], NY [2: NY00118633], PH [PH 00007795], US [2: US 00222465, US00115399], WIS [WISv0257074WIS]).
R.C. Foster, Contr. Gray Herb. 184: 138 (1958).
 Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia.
 Nomenclatural notes. Begonia myriantha Britton was described based on the collection H.H. Rusby 691 (Britton, 1891: 35). Both the collector and the author were based at the New York Botanical Garden herbarium, and there are three sheets of this collection in New York. All three are good material, and we choose NY00118634 as the lectotype because it has ‘ Begonia myriantha Britton n.sp. ’ handwritten on the label and a copy of the protologue attached as a second label.
 Identification notes. Begonia parviflora is a very distinctive species. It is the only species of Bolivian Begonia that regularly reaches maturity at over 2 m in height and may reach 10 m tall. It is also the only upright species of Bolivian Begonia with leaves that exceed 50 cm in diameter and with well over 100 flowers per inflorescence. Immature plants may be confused with Begonia acerifolia, B. leathermaniae or B. wollnyi but can be distinguished by the rough, sandpaper-like texture of its leaves, which is due to the cystoliths in the leaf laminae.
description: Published as part of Moonlight, Peter & Fuentes, Alfredo F., 2022, AN UPDATED CHECKLIST AND KEY TO THE SPECIES OF BOLIVIAN BEGONIA, INCLUDING ONE NEW SPECIES, pp. 1-66 in Edinburgh Journal of Botany 79 (407) on pages 41-42, DOI: 10.24823/EJB.2022.407, http://zenodo.org/record/10553332
Additional file 1 of Non-destructive identification of single hard seed via multispectral imaging analysis in six legume species
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Lingjie Yang
name: Zuxin Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. First two principal components score for hard and soft seeds.
Unveiling the frontiers of deep learning: innovations shaping diverse domains
Creators: name: Ahmed, Shams Forruque
name: Alam, Md. Sakib Bin
name: Kabir, Maliha
name: Afrin, Shaila
name: Rafa, Sabiha Jannat
name: Mehjabin, Aanushka
name: Gandomi, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 68T07

description: Deep learning (DL) allows computer models to learn, visualize, optimize, refine, and predict data. To understand its present state, examining the most recent advancements and applications of deep learning across various domains is essential. However, prior reviews focused on DL applications in only one or two domains. The current review thoroughly investigates the use of DL in four different broad fields due to the plenty of relevant research literature in these domains. This wide range of coverage provides a comprehensive and interconnected understanding of DL's influence and opportunities, which is lacking in other reviews. The study also discusses DL frameworks and addresses the benefits and challenges of utilizing DL in each field, which is only occasionally available in other reviews. DL frameworks like TensorFlow and PyTorch make it easy to develop innovative DL applications across diverse domains by providing model development and deployment platforms. This helps bridge theoretical progress and practical implementation. Deep learning solves complex problems and advances technology in many fields, demonstrating its revolutionary potential and adaptability. CNN LSTM models with attention mechanisms can forecast traffic with 99 percent accuracy. Fungal diseased mango leaves can be classified with 97.13 percent accuracy by the multi layer CNN model. However, deep learning requires rigorous data collection to analyze and process large amounts of data because it is independent of training data. Thus, large scale medical, research, healthcare, and environmental data compilation are challenging, reducing deep learning effectiveness. Future research should address data volume, privacy, domain complexity, and data quality issues in DL datasets.
description: 88 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables
title: Electrochemical Fabrication of Stable Electrodes for Efficient Electrocatalytic Hydrogen Evolution and Carbon Dioxide Reduction Reactions
Creators: name: Fu, Huai Qin
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: hydrogen evolution reaction
subject: electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction
subject: high current density
subject: stability

description: Renewable energy technologies, especially combined with intermittent solar and wind power generated renewable electricity, will significantly reduce our reliance on rapidly diminishing petroleum resources and ease the associated environmental issues. Among these, the electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2RR) to produce chemicals/fuels are regarded as promising technologies when integrated with photovoltaic (PV) modules to construct solar-to-fuel conversion devices. Due to the high efficiency and simple conversion process, the production of molecular hydrogen by water electrolysis has received much research attention. Similarly, CO2RR shows great promise to convert CO2 into valuable chemicals, promoting the recycling of CO2 and ameliorating global warming. In recent decades, various electrocatalysts have been explored to actively drive HER and CO2RR. Despite significant progress, it remains challenging to develop an electrode with high performance and stability enabling an industrial scale current density for practical application. Current electrode fabrication is mostly based on the catalyst ink-immobilizing method, which is difficult to upscale for commercial manufacture. In addition, it is also extremely difficult to identify real active sites due to the structural self-reconstruction under cathodic potentials. This thesis aims to electrochemically fabricate stable electrodes for efficient HER and CO2RR. In addition, various activation strategies are introduced to enhance electrocatalytic performance based on the understanding of the reaction mechanisms. […]
A Tight Degree 4 Sum-of-Squares Lower Bound for the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick Hamiltonian
Creators: name: Kunisky, Dmitriy
name: Bandeira, Afonso S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that, if $\mathbf{W} \in \mathbb{R}^{N \times N}_{\mathsf{sym}}$ is drawn from the gaussian orthogonal ensemble, then with high probability the degree 4 sum-of-squares relaxation cannot certify an upper bound on the objective $N^{-1} \cdot \mathbf{x}^\top \mathbf{W} \mathbf{x}$ under the constraints $x_i^2 - 1 = 0$ (i.e. $\mathbf{x} \in \{ \pm 1 \}^N$) that is asymptotically smaller than $λ_{\max}(\mathbf{W}) \approx 2$. We also conjecture a proof technique for lower bounds against sum-of-squares relaxations of any degree held constant as $N \to \infty$, by proposing an approximate pseudomoment construction.
description: 34 pages. Minor text revisions; closest to published version to appear in Mathematical Programming
Continuum-wise hyperbolicity
Creators: name: Artigue, Alfonso
name: Carvalho, Bernardo
name: Cordeiro, Welington
name: Vieitez, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce continuum-wise hyperbolicity, a generalization of hyperbolicity with respect to the continuum theory. We discuss similarities and differences between topological hyperbolicity and continuum-wise hyperbolicity. A shadowing lemma for cw-hyperbolic homeomorphisms is proved in the form of the L-shadowing property and a Spectral Decomposition is obtained in this scenario. In the proof we generalize the construction of Fathi \cite{Fat89} of a hyperbolic metric using only cw-expansivity, obtaining a hyperbolic cw-metric. We also introduce cwN-hyperbolicity, exhibit examples of these systems for arbitrarily large $N\in\mathbb{N}$ and obtain further dynamical properties of these systems such as finiteness of periodic points with the same period. We prove that homeomorphisms of $\mathbb{S}^2$ that are induced by topologically hyperbolic homeomorphisms of $\mathbb{T}^2$ are continuum-wise-hyperbolic and topologically conjugate to linear cw-Anosov diffeomorphisms of $\mathbb{S}^2$, being in particular cw2-hyperbolic.
Additional file 3 of Non-destructive identification of single hard seed via multispectral imaging analysis in six legume species
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Lingjie Yang
name: Zuxin Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. First ten principal components score for hard and soft seeds.
Direct numerical simulation of a high-pressure hydrogen micromix combustor: flame structure and stabilisation mechanism
Creators: name: Howarth, Thomas L.
name: Picciani, Mark A.
name: Richardson, Edward S.
name: Day, Marcus S.
name: Aspden, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A high-pressure hydrogen micromix combustor has been investigated using direct numerical simulation with detailed chemistry to examine the flame structure and stabilisation mechanism. The configuration of the combustor was based on the design by Schefer [1], using numerical periodicity to mimic a large square array. A precursor simulation of an opposed jet-in-crossflow was first conducted to generate appropriate partially-premixed inflow boundary conditions for the subsequent reacting simulation. The resulting flame can be described as a predominantly-lean inhomogeneously-premixed lifted jet flame. Five main zones were identified: a jet mixing region, a core flame, a peripheral flame, a recirculation zone, and combustion products. The core flame, situated over the jet mixing region, was found to burn as a thin reaction front, responsible for over 85% of the total fuel consumption. The peripheral flame shrouded the core flame, had low mean flow with high turbulence, and burned at very lean conditions (in the distributed burning regime). It was shown that turbulent premixed flame propagation was an order-of-magnitude too slow to stabilise the flame at these conditions. Stabilisation was identified to be due to ignition events resulting from turbulent mixing of fuel from the jet into mean recirculation of very lean hot products. Ignition events were found to correlate with shear-driven Kelvin-Helmholtz vortices, and increased in likelihood with streamwise distance. At the flame base, isolated events were observed, which developed into rapidly burning flame kernels that were blown downstream. Further downstream, near-simultaneous spatially-distributed ignition events were observed, which appeared more like ignition sheets. The paper concludes with a broader discussion that considers generalising from the conditions considered here.
Coordination Sequences and Critical Points
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Grimm, Uwe
name: Repetowicz, Przemyslaw
name: Joseph, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Coordination sequences of periodic and quasiperiodic graphs are analysed. These count the number of points that can be reached from a given point of the graph by a number of steps along its bonds, thus generalising the familiar coordination number which is just the first member of this series. A possible application to the theory of critical phenomena in lattice models is outlined.
description: 4 pages, 1 PostScript figure, uses sprocl.sty (included), reference updated
title: Convallaria majalis
title: Gewöhnliches Maiglöckchen (Convallaria majalis)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 5 Bilder des Gewöhnlichen Maiglöckchens.
Additional file 4 of Non-destructive identification of single hard seed via multispectral imaging analysis in six legume species
Creators: name: Hu, Xiaowen
name: Lingjie Yang
name: Zuxin Zhang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S1. List of the 15 extracted variables from multi spectral images.
MPEC 2024-B83 : 2024 BZ1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BZ1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Additional file 1 of The state of child nutrition in Ethiopia: an umbrella review of systematic review and meta-analysis reports
Creators: name: Mohammed, Shimels Hussien
name: Tesfa Dejenie Habtewold
name: Amanuel Godana Arero
name: Esmaillzadeh, Ahmad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PubMed Search Strategy.
title: Colchicum autumnale
title: Herbstzeitlose (Colchicum autumnale)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulz, Herbert
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Diasammlung Herbert Schulz
subject: 580

description: Enthält 6 Bilder der Herbstzeitlosen.
Revisiting density-functional theory of the total current density
Creators: name: Laestadius, Andre
name: Penz, Markus
name: Tellgren, Erik I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Density-functional theory requires an extra variable besides the electron density in order to properly incorporate magnetic-field effects. In a time-dependent setting, the gauge-invariant, total current density takes that role. A peculiar feature of the static ground-state setting is, however, that the gauge-dependent paramagnetic current density appears as the additional variable instead. An alternative, exact reformulation in terms of the total current density has long been sought but to date a work by Diener is the only available candidate. In that work, an unorthodox variational principle was used to establish a ground-state density-functional theory of the total current density as well as an accompanying Hohenberg-Kohn-like result. We here reinterpret and clarify Diener's formulation based on a maximin variational principle. Using simple facts about convexity implied by the resulting variational expressions, we prove that Diener's formulation is unfortunately not capable of reproducing the correct ground-state energy and, furthermore, that the suggested construction of a Hohenberg-Kohn map contains an irreparable mistake.
Sensitivity, local stable/unstable sets and shadowing
Creators: name: Antunes, Mayara
name: Carvalho, Bernardo
name: Tacuri, Margoth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we study local stable/unstable sets of sensitive homeomorphisms with the shadowing property defined on compact metric spaces. We prove that local stable/unstable sets always contain a compact and perfect subset of the space. As a corollary we generalize results in [6] and [11] proving that positively countably expansive homeomorphisms defined on compact metric spaces satisfying either transitivity and the shadowing property, or the L-shadowing property, can only be defined in countably spaces.
Estimates for the volume of a Lorentzian manifold
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35J60, 53C21, 53C44, 53C50, 58J05

description: We prove new estimates for the volume of a Lorentzian manifold and show especially that cosmological spacetimes with crushing singularities have finite volume.
description: 8 pages, a pdf version of the preprint can also be retrieved from http://www.math.uni-heidelberg.de/studinfo/gerhardt/LM-Volume.pdf v2: A further estimate has been added covering the case when the mean curvature is merely non-negative resp. non-positive (Theorem 1.1)
About the law of black radiation; by M. Thiesen (1900).
Creators: name: Patrick MARC
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article is a faithful translation of Thiesen's original publication from 1900: "Überdas Gesetz der schwarzen Strahlung; von M. Thiesen." where he gives the generic formulaused by Max Planck to demonstrate his Law.No translation found on the Internet respects the original form. We offer thistranslated version for students or amateurs wishing to understand or discover the originsof Planck's law and Quantum physics.
Inaugural Method for High-Accuracy Determination of Time-Span of Electron-Photon Interaction Based on Quantized Beer's Lambert Absorbance
Creators: name: Singh Khalsa, Sardar Dilbag
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Violation of Beer's Lambert Law, Attosecond Physics
Photon Matter interaction Dynamic

description: Actual Determination of Time-span in Absorption Spectroscopy and variation of absorbance vs. concentration is crucial in chemistry and biology. We investigated molecular absorption spectra of 1,4 -diamino anthraquinone taking concentration $20-90 \mu \mathrm{M}$. We primarily report a violation and quantization of Beer's Lambert Law and propose an alternative explanation for the inherent phenomenon, quantum mechanically.  Upon laser pulse excitation yielded photon transfer excited state having  17-96 attoseconds lifespan is formed for different concentrations of samples. We furnished a general equation for the electrostatic field, the wave function of photons and its correlation with absorbance. Further, we propose an intricate relationship between the electromagnetic field generated by particles and its wavefunction.
Random matrix model approach to chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Verbaarschot, J. J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the application of random matrix theory (RMT) to chiral symmetry in QCD. Starting from the general philosophy of RMT we introduce a chiral random matrix model with the global symmetries of QCD. Exact results are obtained for universal properties of the Dirac spectrum: i) finite volume corrections to valence quark mass dependence of the chiral condensate, and ii) microscopic fluctuations of Dirac spectra. Comparisons with lattice QCD simulations are made. Most notably, the variance of the number of levels in an interval containing $n$ levels on average is suppressed by a factor $(\log n)/π^2 n$. An extension of the random matrix model model to nonzero temperatures and chemical potential provides us with a schematic model of the chiral phase transition. In particular, this elucidates the nature of the quenched approximation at nonzero chemical potential.
description: Talk present at LATTICE96(chirality in QCD), plenary session, 7 pages, Latex
Low-Energy Supernovae Bounds on Sterile Neutrinos
Creators: name: Chauhan, Garv
name: Horiuchi, Shunsaku
name: Huber, Patrick
name: Shoemaker, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sterile neutrinos can be produced through mixing with active neutrinos in the hot, dense core of a core-collapse supernova (SN). The standard bounds on the active-sterile mixing ($\sin^2 θ$) from SN arise from SN1987A energy-loss, requiring $E_{\text{loss}}<10^{52}~{\rm erg}$. In this work, we discuss a novel bound on sterile neutrino parameter space arising from the energy deposition through its decays inside the SN envelope. Using the observed underluminous SN IIP population, this energy deposition is constrained to be below $\sim 10^{50}~{\rm erg}$. Focusing on sterile neutrino mixing only with tau neutrino, for heavy sterile masses $m_s$ in the range $100$-$500$ MeV, we find stringent constraints on $\sin^2 θ_τ$ reaching two orders of magnitude lower than those from the SN1987A energy loss argument, {thereby probing the mixing angles required for Type-I seesaw mechanism}. Similar bounds will also be applicable to sterile mixing only with muons ($\sin^2 θ_μ$).
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, 1 table; updated production modes and extended discussion, matches JCAP published version
Exploring Algebra-based Problem Solving and Strategies of Spanish-speaking High School Students
Creators: Hernandez-Duhon, Andrea
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Mathematics--Study and teaching
Hispanic Americans
High school students
Problem solving--Mathematics

description: This dissertation analyzes differences found in Spanish-speaking middle school and high school students in algebra-based problem solving. It identifies the accuracy differences between word problems presented in English, Spanish and numerically based problems. The study also explores accuracy differences between each subgroup of Spanish-speaking students in each category. It identifies specific strategies used by successful students when solving algebra problems. The study also sought to identify factors that could serve to predict Spanish-speaking students' ability to accurately solve algebra word problems presented in English and Spanish.
A heterogeneous urban sample composed of one hundred and fifty two middle school and high school students were given an assessment composed of pre-approved algebra-based problems and a biographical information sheet. Specific students were then chosen for individual interviews in which researcher sought to gain more in depth information about student's reaction to assessment. The study found that the average accuracy rate for Hispanics non-ELL and non-Hispanic students was significantly higher for numerically based problems than Spanish word problems. Similarly, the average accuracy rate for Hispanics non-ELL and non-Hispanic students was significantly higher in English word problems that in Spanish word problems. Results showed that there was a significant difference in the overall performance of the assessment between Hispanic ELL and Hispanic non-ELL students. On one particular set, set C (Spanish word problems), findings showed that Hispanic ELL students performed better than Hispanic non-ELL students and non-Hispanic students. All other subgroup comparisons did not show a significant difference.
The study found that students who were most successful in the assessment: (a) used previous linguistics knowledge and memory of previously seen mathematical problems properly; (b) highlighted the question being asked; (c) used key words to identify mathematical principles and to aid in the translation process; (d) used diagrams, tables and graphs to organize data; (e) showed work and had all processes laid out clearly; and (f) displayed a clear verification process for their answer as strategies for successfully answering the problems. As it was evident through the study, the diversity in the Spanish speaking population and their needs exposes the need for teaching methods, which are inclusive of all populations. Schools must be sensitive to the diversity in which students learn and aim to individualize the teaching for every student. As Hispanics become the largest minority in the United States, understanding the diverse needs of Spanish speaking students in the classroom will be necessary for the development of a better educated society.
Fuzzy adaptive teaching learning-based optimization strategy for the problem of generating mixed strength t-way test suites
Creators: name: Zamli, Kamal Z.
name: Din, Fakhrud
name: Baharom, Salmi
name: Ahmed, Bestoun S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The teaching learning-based optimization (TLBO) algorithm has shown competitive performance in solving numerous real-world optimization problems. Nevertheless, this algorithm requires better control for exploitation and exploration to prevent premature convergence (i.e., trapped in local optima), as well as enhance solution diversity. Thus, this paper proposes a new TLBO variant based on Mamdani fuzzy inference system, called ATLBO, to permit adaptive selection of its global and local search operations. In order to assess its performances, we adopt ATLBO for the mixed strength t-way test generation problem. Experimental results reveal that ATLBO exhibits competitive performances against the original TLBO and other meta-heuristic counterparts.
DESERCIÓN EN POS GRADO
Creators: name: Chota, Mifflin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: DESERCIÓN, MAESTRISTAS, POS GRADO

description: PERCEPCIÓN DE FACTORES QUE INFLUYEN EN LA DESERCIÓN ENTRE LOS MAESTRISTAS DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA Y DE UNA UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA
description: UNIVERSIDAD PÚBLICA, UNIVERSIDAD PRIVADA
Dynamical Localization for the Random Dimer Model
Creators: name: De Bièvre, S.
name: Germinet, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the one-dimensional random dimer model, with Hamiltonian $H_ω=Δ+ V_ω$, where for all $x\in\Z, V_ω(2x)=V_ω(2x+1)$ and where the $V_ω(2x)$ are i.i.d. Bernoulli random variables taking the values $\pm V, V>0$. We show that, for all values of $V$ and with probability one in $ω$, the spectrum of $H$ is pure point. If $V\leq1$ and $V\neq 1/\sqrt{2}$, the Lyapounov exponent vanishes only at the two critical energies given by $E=\pm V$. For the particular value $V=1/\sqrt{2}$, respectively $V=\sqrt{2}$, we show the existence of additional critical energies at $E=\pm 3/\sqrt{2}$, resp. E=0. On any compact interval $I$ not containing the critical energies, the eigenfunctions are then shown to be semi-uniformly exponentially localized, and this implies dynamical localization: for all $q>0$ and for all $ψ\in\ell^2(\Z)$ with sufficiently rapid decrease: $$ \sup_t r^{(q)}_{ψ,I}(t) \equiv \sup_t < P_I(H_ω)ψ_t, |X|^q P_I(H_ω)ψ_t > 1$ and $V\neq \sqrt{2}$, these results hold on the entire spectrum (so that one can take $I=σ(H_ω)$).
description: 14 pages
Induced subgraphs and tree decompositions XII. Grid theorem for pinched graphs
Creators: name: Alecu, Bogdan
name: Chudnovsky, Maria
name: Hajebi, Sepehr
name: Spirkl, Sophie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given an integer $c\in \mathbb{N}$, we say a graph $G$ is $c$-pinched if $G$ does not contain an induced subgraph consisting of $c$ cycles, all going through a single common vertex and otherwise pairwise disjoint and with no edges between them. What can be said about the structure of $c$-pinched graphs?
 For instance, $1$-pinched graphs are exactly graphs of treewidth $1$. However, bounded treewidth for $c>1$ is immediately seen to be a false hope because complete graphs, complete bipartite graphs, subdivided walls and line graphs of subdivided walls are all examples of $2$-pinched graphs with arbitrarily large treewidth. There is even a fifth obstruction for larger values of $c$, discovered by Pohoata and later independently by Davies, consisting of $3$-pinched graphs with unbounded treewidth and no large induced subgraph isomorphic to any of the first four obstructions.
 We fuse the above five examples into a grid-type theorem fully describing the unavoidable induced subgraphs of pinched graphs with large treewidth. More precisely, we prove that for every integer $c\in \mathbb{N}$, a $c$-pinched graph $G$ has large treewidth if and only if $G$ contains one of the following as an induced subgraph: a large complete graph, a large complete bipartite graph, a subdivision of a large wall, the line-graph of a subdivision of a large wall, or a large graph from the Pohoata-Davies construction. Our main result also generalizes to an extension of pinched graphs where the lengths of excluded cycles are lower-bounded.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.15615
Oscillations in planar deficiency-one mass-action systems
Creators: name: Boros, Balázs
name: Hofbauer, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Whereas the positive equilibrium of a mass-action system with deficiency zero is always globally stable, for deficiency-one networks there are many different scenarios, mainly involving oscillatory behaviour. We present several examples, with centers or multiple limit cycles.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Explore the Complaint Towards Street Vendors in Manhattan: Discussion About Distribution and Influential Factors
Creators: Ma, Nanchen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: City planning
Street vendors
Streets--Planning
Informal sector (Economics)

description: The informal economy, represented by the street vendors, is not a recent trend. Although there are a lot of advantages of the street vendors, conflicts exist. This research explores the complaints towards street vendors in Manhattan and discusses their distribution and influential factors. Through the analysis, governments and city planners have a general understanding of the conflicts and guideline for the future design and regulation. It mainly uses the quantitative method, by a mix of data, to explore the complaints towards street vendors. This includes the spatial analysis using GIS and the linear regression model. The results show that the more diverse that the land use is, the more conflicts between the street vendors and the city. The larger the income unevenness, the more complaints. And the area with more street connectivity has more complaints towards street vendors. The results reevaluate the mixed land use in urban planning and the current regulation.
Optimal unidirectional amplification induced by optical gain in optomechanical systems
Creators: name: Song, L. N.
name: Zheng, Qiang
name: Xu, Xun-Wei
name: Jiang, Cheng
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: We propose a three-mode optomechanical system to realize optical nonreciprocal transmission with unidirectional amplification, where the system consists of two coupled cavities and one mechanical resonator which interacts with only one of the cavities. Additionally, the optical gain is introduced into the optomechanical cavity. It is found that for a strong optical input, the optical transmission coefficient can be greatly amplified in a particular direction and suppressed in the opposite direction. The expressions of the optimal transmission coefficient and the corresponding isolation ratio are given analytically. Our results pave a way to design high-quality nonreciprocal devices based on optomechanical systems.
title: Extremozymes of the Hot and Salty Halothermothrix orenii
Creators: name: Kori, Lokesh D
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Extremophiles
subject: Extremozymes
subject: Polyextremophilic anaerobic bacterium
subject: Halothermothrix orenii

description: Enzymes secreted by extremophiles are termed as extremozymes. Extremophiles are organisms that inhabit conditions which are extreme to survive and adapt in. Halothermothrix orenii is a polyextremophilic anaerobic bacterium that grows optimally at 60 C (maximum 70 C) in presence of 10 % NaCl (NaCl growth range between 4-20 %) and optimum pH 6.5-7.0, isolated from the sediments of Tunisian salt lake (Cayol et. al., 1994). This bacterium carry exclusive features from several points : (a) It is Gram-negative member of phylum Firmicutes and its genome analysis reveals mixed Gram-negative and Gram-positive properties such as lipid A biosynthesis, a characteristic of Gram-negative pathway and a typical Firmicutes sporulating system. (b) It is a strict anaerobic chemoorganotroph which uses various polysaccharides and produces a series of intracellular and extracellular glycosyl hydrolases and transferases. (c) It is a halothermophile and any extra-cellular enzymes produced by this organism are well adapted to function under thermophilic and saline conditions. (d) Halothermothrix orenii survives under fluctuating environmental conditions – dilution of salts during rains when temperature is low and increased salt concentration during summer when temperature is at its peak. In this study various glycosyl hydrolases and transferases from H. orenii selected for investigations are briefly described in chapter 3. Genes were cloned and over-expressed followed by protein purification were further analysed for their biochemical characteristics along-with structural insights.
Quantum mechanics of an electron in a homogeneous magnetic field and a singular magnetic flux tube
Creators: name: Thienel, H. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eigenvalue problem of the Hamiltonian of an electron confined to a plane and subjected to a perpendicular time-independent magnetic field which is the sum of a homogeneous field and an additional field contributed by a singular flux tube, i.e. of zero width, is investigated. Since both a direct approach based on distribution-valued operators and a limit process starting from a non-singular flux tube, i.e. of finite size, fail, an alternative method is applied leading to consistent results. An essential feature is quantum mechanical supersymmetry at g=2 which imposes, by proper representation, the correct choice of "boundary conditions". The corresponding representation of the Hilbert space in coordinate space differs from the usual space of square-integrable 2-spinors, entailing other unusual properties. The analysis is extended to $g\ne 2$ so that supersymmetry is explicitly broken. Finally, the singular Aharonov-Bohm system with the same amount of singular flux is analysed by making use of the fact that the Hilbert space must be the same.
description: 23 pages, LaTeX, minor changes
title: Role of Executive Processing in Children's Arithmetic
Creators: name: Knox, Kathy
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Executive processing in children
subject: Numeracy
subject: Arithmetic competency

description: This project examined the role of executive processing in the development of arithmetic addition in 163 children aged from 6 to 9 years. Executive processing was conceptualised as involving working memory, inhibitory control, and relational processing. Further distinctions were made within each construct. Working memory was operationalized as simultaneous storage and processing, and as updating. Three types of inhibitory control (switching, proactive interference, inhibition of irrelevant information) were assessed. Relational processing was assessed at binary-and ternary-relational levels of complexity. Thus, the assessment of executive processing is broader than in most existing research which has adopted narrower interpretations of executive processing. Arithmetic competency involves procedural skill and conceptual understanding, so both aspects were investigated. Procedural skills were assessed using 48 addition problems that varied in terms of their working memory, inhibitory control, and relational processing demands as well as their presentation format (object, word, numeral). Children’s understanding of four conceptual principles (identity, commutativity, associativity, addition-subtraction complement) was assessed using a method similar to that of Canobi, Reeve, and Pattison (1998). There were four main research questions. The findings are summarised in relation to each. First, to what extent does procedural performance vary as a function of executive processing demands, age and task format? The findings showed that arithmetic addition problems that imposed higher working memory loads, higher inhibitory control loads, and higher relational processing loads were more difficult than comparable problems that imposed lower loads. However, the magnitude of these effects varied according to task format (object, word, numeral) and age. In most cases older children were less sensitive to cognitive load than younger children were.
Algorithms for recognizing knots and 3-manifolds
Creators: name: Hass, Joel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M25; 68Q25

description: This is a survey paper on algorithms for solving problems in 3-dimensional topology. In particular, it discusses Haken's approach to the recognition of the unknot, and recent variations.
description: 17 Pages, 7 figures, to appear in Chaos, Fractals and Solitons
Alloy Informatics through Ab Initio Charge Density Profiles: Case Study of Hydrogen Effects in Face-Centered Cubic Crystals
Creators: name: Massa, Dario
name: Kaxiras, Efthimios
name: Papanikolaou, Stefanos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials design has traditionally evolved through trial-error approaches, mainly due to the non-local relationship between microstructures and properties such as strength and toughness. We propose 'alloy informatics' as a machine learning based prototype predictive approach for alloys and compounds, using electron charge density profiles derived from first-principle calculations. We demonstrate this framework in the case of hydrogen interstitials in face-centered cubic crystals, showing that their differential electron charge density profiles capture crystal properties and defect-crystal interaction properties. Radial Distribution Functions (RDFs) of defect-induced differential charge density perturbations highlight the resulting screening effect, and, together with hydrogen Bader charges, strongly correlate to a large set of atomic properties of the metal species forming the bulk crystal. We observe the spontaneous emergence of classes of charge responses while coarse-graining over crystal compositions. Nudge-Elastic-Band calculations show that RDFs and charge features also connect to hydrogen migration energy barriers between interstitial sites. Unsupervised machine-learning on RDFs supports classification, unveiling compositional and configurational non-localities in the similarities of the perturbed densities. Electron charge density perturbations may be considered as bias-free descriptors for a large variety of defects.
Exploring Creative Community Engagement
Creators: Burros, Julie S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: City planning
City planning--Citizen participation
Political participation
Artists

description: Exploring Creative Community Engagement examines the role of artists in a planning process by researching the intentions of planners when they engage an artist to carry out a community engagement process, how the techniques of artists doing “creative community engagement” differ from those employed in more traditional participatory planning processes, explores if there is something about the creative process of being an artist that influences how they design public engagement methods, and seeks to understand what are the characteristics of an artist-led community engagement process that can spark creative problem solving. The research design involves a comparison case study method focused on the public engagement process of the CreateNYC cultural plan and the Boston Creates cultural plan. Key findings are that intentions of planners for the inclusion of artists in public engagement should be clear and that the optimal role for an artist to play in a planning process is in the design of the public process as well as the execution of it. Recommendations include the expansion of artist residencies in planning agencies, launching an artist/planner fellowship program at the American Planning Association, conducting additional research and creating joint planning/arts degrees with universities and colleges in partnership with the Alliance for the Arts in Research Universities.
Additional file 1 of Generation of individualized immunocompatible endothelial cells from HLA-I-matched human pluripotent stem cells
Creators: name: Song, Chanchan
name: Wang, Linli
name: Li, Qingyang
name: Liao, Baoyi
name: Qiao, Weihua
name: Li, Qiang
name: Dong, Nianguo
name: Li, Liangping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Heat map of marker gene panels associated with genomic stability for a series of subclones of human iPSC line (LHPb-Yaab) analyzed by q-PCR analysis. Subclones C55 and C56 with a higher level of marker genes are indicated in the red frame. Fig. S2. Flow cytometry assay for optimization of Nucleofector program for the C55 cell line. Four different programs (A13, A23, A27, and B16) were tested to transfect C55 cells with the RNP complex of Cas9 protein and B2M sgRNA. The A23 program achieved the best transfection. Fig. S3. (A) Flow cytometry assay for six clones of C55-B2Mko with anti-huHLA-ABC staining, 5 of them were HLA-I negative. (B) Flow cytometry assay for four clones of C55-A11 with anti-huHLA-ABC staining, all of them were HLA-I positive. Fig. S4. STR DNA analysis for C55 and C55-A11, they shared the same STR profiling. Fig. S5. Flow cytometry analysis for optimization of CHIR99021 (CHIR)-induced EC differentiation. Five different concentrations (6, 6.5, 7, 7.5, and 8 μM) of CHIR were tested for EC differentiation, which was measured by CD144-PE and KDR-APC staining. Fig. S6. Gating strategy of FCM assay used in T cell proliferation. Fig. S7. Gating strategy of FCM assay used in NK cell degranulation assay.