cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Shocks and cold fronts in galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Markevitch, Maxim
name: Vikhlinin, Alexey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Table of contents (abridged): COLD FRONTS Origin and evolution of merger cold fronts Cold fronts in cluster cool cores . . . Simulations of gas sloshing. Origin of density discontinuity. . . . Effect of sloshing on cluster mass estimates and cooling flows. Zoology of cold fronts COLD FRONTS AS EXPERIMENTAL TOOL Velocities of gas flows Thermal conduction and diffusion across cold fronts Stability of cold fronts . . . Rayleigh-Taylor instability. Kelvin-Helmholtz instability. Possible future measurements using cold fronts . . . Plasma depletion layer and magnetic field. Effective viscosity of ICM. SHOCK FRONTS AS EXPERIMENTAL TOOL Cluster merger shocks Mach number determination Front width Mach cone and reverse shock? Test of electron-ion equilibrium . . . Comparison with other astrophysical plasmas Shocks and cluster cosmic ray population . . . Shock acceleration. Compression of fossil electrons. . . . Yet another method to measure intracluster magnetic field.
description: 67 pages, 38 figures. v2: minor corrections. An updated version of a review article to appear in Physics Reports
Localization of electronic states in amorphous materials: recursive Green's function method and the metal-insulator transition at E<>0
Creators: name: Croy, Alexander
name: Roemer, Rudolf A.
name: Schreiber, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will investigate whether the scaling assumptions made in previous studies for the transition at energies outside the band centre can be reconfirmed in numerical calculations, and in particular whether the conductivity sigma follows a power law close to the critical energy E_c. For this purpose we will use the recursive Green's function method to calculate the four-terminal conductance of a disordered system for fixed disorder strength at temperature T=0. Applying the finite-size scaling analysis we will compute the critical exponent and determine the mobility edge, i.e. the MIT outside the band centre.
description: 24 LaTeX pages in Springer Lecture Notes format (sv* files enclosed), 13 figures, paper will appear as a chapter in "Lecture Notes in Computational Science and Engineering" (Springer, Berlin)
Magnetic field dependence of the temperature derivative of resistivity: a probe for distinguishing the effects of pseudogap and superconducting fluctuations in cuprates
Creators: name: Naqib, S. H.
name: Cooper, J. R.
name: Islam, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the magnetic field dependence of the temperature derivative of the resistivity, dr(H,T)/dT, of a number of Y1-xCaxBa2(Cu1-yZny)3O7-d crystalline thin films over a wide range of sample compositions. From the analysis of the temperature derivative data we have been able to distinguish quite clearly between two characteristic temperature scales, (a) the onset of strong superconducting fluctuation temperature, Tscf and (b) the pseudogap temperature, TPG. Significantly different characteristic features of dr(H,T)/dT at Tscf and at TPG imply that Tscf and TPG have different physical origins.
description: Submitted to Physica C (M2S-HTSC 2006 Proceedings)
Microparticle manipulation in viscoelastic liquids: towards a modular microfluidics
Creators: name: Del Giudice, Francesco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Microfluidics have received great attention in the last decades due to its wide applicability in molecular analysis, biodefense, molecular biology and microelectronics. In the molecular analysis field, in particular, several ap- plications such as particles/cells counting and separation are explored. For these applications, particles or cells are commonly suspended in Newtonian liquids. More recently, an increasing interest in using viscoelastic fluids in microfluidic devices is observed. Indeed, it has been recently proven that the non-Newtonian rheological properties of the fluid allow to perform several of the above mentioned operations by using simpler apparati as compared to the case with a Newtonian liquid. In most applications, microchannels with a square cross-section are used, due to the ease of fabrication.
In this thesis, we study the effect of fluid rheology on the suspended par- ticle motion, in square-shaped microchannels. To this aim, several fluids are considered. Elastic, constant-viscosity fluids promote particle migration towards the channel centreline, achieving the so-called 3D focusing. For shear-thinning fluid, in contrast, the migration phenomenon is more com- plex: at low flow rates, i.e. in the constant viscosity region, particles still migrate towards the channel centreline, while at high flow rates, i.e. in the shear-thinning region, the migration reverts direction, and the particles are driven towards the corners of the channel cross-section. In addition, our re- sults highlight the weak effect of inertia on particle migration as compared to viscoelastic effects, even for low elasticity suspending liquids.
In the second part of this thesis, we exploit the viscoelasticity-induced parti- cle migration to design a microrheometer capable of estimating the relaxation time of viscoelastic fluids, down to milliseconds. A remarkable improvement in the accuracy of the measure of the relaxation time is found, when comparing our results with experimental data obtained from shear or elongational experiments available in literature. Good agreement of our results with available theoretical predictions is also found.
Finally, we design and fabricate a microfluidic device for deflection of mag- netic particles from a contaminated streamflow into a clean one. This device is made of two modules: a first one (a straight channel), where magnetic particles are 3D focused on the channel centreline; a second one (a H-shaped channel), where a permanent magnet is used to displace the magnetic beads from the original to the buffer stream. When viscoelastic focusing and magnetophoresis are combined, by applying the two moduli in series, a deflection efficiency of ∼ 96% can be achieved.
title: Effects of Common H1-Antihistamines on IL-6 and RANKL Expression in Osteoblasts
Creators: name: Chun, Kriztine Mae
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: OBJECTIVE H1-antihistamines are the treatment of choice for prevention and relief of symptoms associated with allergic rhinoconjunctivitis which affects 18.9% of children and 25.7% of adults in the United States. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the expression of RANKL, OPG and IL-6 in human osteoblasts, G-292 osteosarcoma cell line, following treatment with varying concentrations of histamine and common second-generation H1-antihistamines including fexofenadine (Allegra), cetirizine (Zyrtec), and loratadine (Claritin)
         METHODS In this in vitro study, G-292 cells were cultured in 6-well plates with McCoy’s medium. The cells were treated with histamine at a concentration of 0.01, 0.1, 1 or 10 µM and then incubated for 24- or 6-hours prior to mRNA isolation. mRNA expression of HRH1, RANKL, OPG and IL-6 were measured using quantitative PCR. To compare the effects of antihistamine treatment on G-292 cells, cell cultures were treated with 1 µM of histamine and fexofenadine, cetirizine and loratadine were added at concentrations of 0.01, 0.1, or 1 µM. mRNA expression of RANKL and IL-6 were measured using quantitative PCR. Luminex Milliplex assay was completed on extracted media from the samples to evaluate protein expression of IL-6. Mann-Whitney U Test was completed to determine statistical significance (P value < 0.05).
         RESULTS Stimulation of G-292 cells with varying concentrations of histamine does not result in a statistically significant change in mRNA expression of HRH1, RANKL or OPG at both treatment times of 6- and 24-hours. The increased expression of IL-6 is statistically significant at higher concentrations of 10 µM after incubation at 24-hours and 1 and 10 µM at 6-hours. The results suggest that there is a positive correlation between histamine concentration and IL-6 expression. Treatment of G-292 cells with histamine and different types and concentrations of fexofenadine, cetirizine and loratadine did not result in statistically significant changes in RANKL mRNA expression. The results suggest that there is a negative correlation between antihistamine concentration and IL-6 mRNA expression for fexofenadine and cetirizine. At the concentration closest to Cmax for each antihistamine, there is a statistically significant decrease in IL-6 expression for fexofenadine and cetirizine, but no change is observed for loratadine. The data from the Milliplex assay evaluating protein expression of IL-6 supports the qPCR results.
         CONCLUSIONS The results from this in vitro study suggest that loratadine may be a better option compared to fexofenadine and cetirizine with regards to maintaining the rate of orthodontic tooth movement since there were no significant changes in IL-6 expression noted between the treated cells and the positive control.
CIRCE Codice etico
Creators: name: CALAMAI, Silvia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: code of conduct
ethical principles
accent discrimination

description: Counteracting accent dIscrimination pRactiCes in Education (CIRCE) is an ERASMUS+ project co-funded by European Commission under the programme "Cooperation partnerships in school education" (KA220-SCH). The CIRCE Code of Conduct provides general ethical principles on how CIRCE Members should operate during fieldwork, meetings, publication, conferences, events, committee and other work, mentoring relationships, and in all online spaces including (but not limited to) CIRCE social media accounts and website.
Spiral shocks and the formation of molecular clouds in a two phase medium
Creators: name: Dobbs, Clare
name: Bonnell, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend recent numerical results (Dobbs et. al. 2006) on molecular cloud formation in spiral galaxies by including a multi-phase medium. The addition of a hot phase of gas enhances the structure in the cold gas, and significantly increases the fraction of molecular hydrogen that is formed when the cold gas passes through a spiral shock. The difference in structure is reflected in the mass power spectrum of the molecular clouds, which is steeper for the multi-phase calculations. The increase in molecular gas occurs as the addition of a hot phase leads to higher densities in the cold gas. In particular, cold gas is confined in clumps between the spiral arms and retains a higher molecular fraction. Unlike the single phase results, molecular clouds are present in the inter-arm regions for the multi-phase medium. However the density of the inter-arm molecular hydrogen is generally below that which can be reliably determined from CO measurements. We therefore predict that for a multi-phase medium, there will be low density clouds containing cold atomic and molecular hydrogen, which are potentially entering the spiral arms.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hybrid microwave-optical scanning probe for addressing solid-state spins in nanophotonic cavities
Creators: name: Chen, Songtao
name: Ourari, Salim
name: Raha, Mouktik
name: Phenicie, Christopher M.
name: Uysal, Mehmet T.
name: Thompson, Jeff D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-photon interfaces based on solid-state atomic defects have enabled a variety of key applications in quantum information processing. To maximize the light-matter coupling strength, defects are often placed inside nanoscale devices. Efficiently coupling light and microwave radiation into these structures is an experimental challenge, especially in cryogenic or high vacuum environments with limited sample access. In this work, we demonstrate a fiber-based scanning probe that simultaneously couples light into a planar photonic circuit and delivers high power microwaves for driving electron spin transitions. The optical portion achieves 46% one-way coupling efficiency, while the microwave portion supplies an AC magnetic field with strength up to 9 Gauss. The entire probe can be scanned across a large number of devices inside a $^3$He cryostat without free-space optical access. We demonstrate this technique with silicon nanophotonic circuits coupled to single Er$^{3+}$ ions.
Quantum parity conservation in planar quantum electrodynamics
Creators: name: Del Cima, O. M.
name: Franco, D. H. T.
name: Lima, L. S.
name: Miranda, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum parity conservation is verified at all orders in perturbation theory for a massless parity-even $U(1)\times U(1)$ planar quantum electrodynamics (QED$_3$) model. The presence of two massless fermions requires the Lowenstein-Zimmermann (LZ) subtraction scheme, in the framework of the Bogoliubov-Parasiuk-Hepp-Zimmermann-Lowenstein (BPHZL) renormalization method, in order to subtract the infrared divergences induced by the ultraviolet subtractions at 1- and 2-loops, however thanks to the superrenormalizability of the model the ultraviolet divergences are bounded up to 2-loops. Finally, it is proved that the BPHZL renormalization method preserves parity for the model taken into consideration, contrary to what happens to the ordinary massless parity-even $U(1)$ QED$_3$.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Constraints of the $B_μ/μ$ solution due to the hidden sector renormalization
Creators: name: Cho, Hae Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the validity of an idea that the $B_μ$ problem is solvable via the renormalization effect in the strongly interacting hidden sector within the gauge mediated supersymmetry breaking scenario. Our analysis starts with a naive boundary condition, which is that the squared scalar masses experience $16π^2$ suppression. We use \texttt{softsusy} to get the low energy spectra of superparticles with the boundary condition at the scale ($Λ_{CFT}$) where the hidden sector is integrated out. We visit the low energy spectra and return to $Λ_{CFT}$ where the boundary conditions are given. We find that there is a sign problem, which seems to be generic.
description: 15pages, 4figures, the conclusion is slightly changed, to appear in JHEP
Refractive errors, amblyopia risk factors and vision screening in children aged 7–10 years in Aotearoa New Zealand
Creators: name: Findlay, Rebecca W
name: Goodman, Lucy K
name: Anstice, Nicola S
name: Chelimo, Carol
name: Grant, Cameron C
name: Black, Joanna M
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Vision screening is important for detecting undiagnosed vision conditions that are common in school-aged children. However, current vision screening protocols are poor at detecting vision conditions that are most common in the Aotearoa New Zealand paediatric population. Uncorrected refractive error and amblyopia are the most common causes of visual impairment in children. The most appropriate vision screening method depends on the refractive error profile of the population. This study aimed to: estimate the prevalence of refractive errors and amblyopia risk factors among children living in Aotearoa New Zealand; describe previous participation in preschool vision screening and determine the diagnostic accuracy of potential screening methods. Children aged 7–10 years received comprehensive eye examinations, including cycloplegic refraction, in their school. Eye examination results were assessed for refractive error and amblyopia risk factors. The sensitivity and specificity of individual vision tests for detecting any vision conditions was calculated to assess the most effective tests for vision screening. Eye examinations were completed for 237 children and cycloplegic refraction data was available for 220 of these children. Significant refractive error (need for glasses) was detected in 23.6% of children (7.7% myopia, 7.7% hyperopia, 15.0% astigmatism). Amblyopia risk factors were detected in 9.1% of children. Preschool vision screening had been completed by 78.5% of children. Distance visual acuity screening alone had a sensitivity of 39% for detecting vision conditions, with addition of the Spot Vision Screener improving sensitivity to 65%. Astigmatism is the most frequent refractive error among children aged 7–10 years living in Aotearoa New Zealand. Distance visual acuity screening alone is ineffective in detecting refractive error in children in Aotearoa New Zealand. Further research investigating refractive errors across the paediatric population in Aotearoa New Zealand is required to determine the optimal timing and appropriate protocols for school-aged vision screening.
Correlated metallic state of vanadium dioxide
Creators: name: Qazilbash, M. M.
name: Burch, K. S.
name: Whisler, D.
name: Shrekenhamer, D.
name: Chae, B. G.
name: Kim, H. T.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The metal-insulator transition and unconventional metallic transport in vanadium dioxide (VO$_2$) are investigated with a combination of spectroscopic ellipsometry and reflectance measurements. The data indicates that electronic correlations, not electron-phonon interactions, govern charge dynamics in the metallic state of VO$_2$. This study focuses on the frequency and temperature dependence of the conductivity in the regime of extremely short mean free path violating the Ioffe-Regel-Mott limit of metallic transport. The standard quasiparticle picture of charge conduction is found to be untenable in metallic VO$_2$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Implementing Primordial Binaries in Simulations of Star Cluster Formation with a Hybrid MHD and Direct N-Body Method
Creators: name: Cournoyer-Cloutier, Claude
name: Tran, Aaron
name: Lewis, Sean
name: Wall, Joshua E.
name: Harris, William E.
name: Mac Low, Mordecai-Mark
name: McMillan, Stephen L. W.
name: Zwart, Simon Portegies
name: Sills, Alison
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fraction of stars in binary systems within star clusters is important for their evolution, but what proportion of binaries form by dynamical processes after initial stellar accretion remains unknown. In previous work, we showed that dynamical interactions alone produced too few low-mass binaries compared to observations. We therefore implement an initial population of binaries in the coupled MHD and direct N-body star cluster formation code Torch. We compare simulations with, and without, initial binary populations and follow the dynamical evolution of the binary population in both sets of simulations, finding that both dynamical formation and destruction of binaries take place. Even in the first few million years of star formation, we find that an initial population of binaries is needed at all masses to reproduce observed binary fractions for binaries with mass ratios above the $q \geq 0.1$ detection limit. Our simulations also indicate that dynamical interactions in the presence of gas during cluster formation modify the initial distributions towards binaries with smaller primary masses, larger mass ratios, smaller semi-major axes and larger eccentricities. Systems formed dynamically do not have the same properties as the initial systems, and systems formed dynamically in the presence of an initial population of binaries differ from those formed in simulations with single stars only. Dynamical interactions during the earliest stages of star cluster formation are important for determining the properties of binary star systems.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, submitted to MNRAS and edited to address positive referee's report
Sex-dependent production of eicosanoids in inflammation
Creators: name: Pace, Simona
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2015

description: Eicosanoids (leukotrienes and prostaglandins) are lipid mediators produced from arachidonic acid (AA) involved in several sex-biased immune and inflammatory disorders (i.e. asthma, ulcerative colitis, gout). On the basis of the existent sex difference in leukotriene (LT) biosynthesis in human immune cells (neutrophils and monocytes) due to androgen down-regulation of 5 lipoxygenase (5-LO) product formation, in the present thesis has been investigated the presence of a sex difference in LT biosynthesis as well as the inflammatory reaction in an in vivo model of acute inflammation where LTs play a pivotal role (zymosan-induced peritonitis in mice). After zymosan injection, higher vascular permeability and cell afflux in the peritoneal cavity has been observed in female mice accompanied by higher LT levels in the peritoneal exudates. Interestingly, orchidectomy has been able to induce an increase of LT formation in the exudate of operated mice compared to the sham one. On the cellular level (resident peritoneal macrophages) this sex difference has been related to a differential compartmentalization of 5-LO that leads to a lower production of LTs in male. Intriguingly, no sex differences have been observed in prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis in the early phase of the inflammatory response after zymosan injection sustained by resident peritoneal macrophages (PM), whether an higher production in PGE2 has been observed in male exudates in the late phase of the inflammatory response, mostly sustained by neutrophils, as confirmed by myeloperoxidase levels. Notably, in another model of acute inflammation such as carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats, the same events have been observed. In fact, after carrageenan injection, higher production of PGE2 has been found in male pleural exudates in the late times of inflammation when it is supported by neutrophils. Intriguingly, human neutrophils from male have been able to synthesize higher amount of PGE2 compared to female upon in vitro stimulation. This sex difference has been related to the already shown diverse metabolization of AA by 5-LO enzyme, being the production of LT higher in female than in male. In fact, the blockage of 5-LO activity by Mk886 has been able to abolish the sex difference. Intriguingly, this conclusion has been supported by the in vivo abolishment of the sex difference in PGE2 biosynthesis in rats after pre-treatment with Mk886 in the pleurisy model. The results of this thesis clearly demonstrate that sex is an important factor that influences inflammation independently from the stimuli or species.
Massless radiation from Strings: quantum spectrum average statistics and cusp-kink configurations
Creators: name: Iengo, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive general formulae for computing the average spectrum for Bosonic or Fermionic massless emission from generic or particular sets of closed superstring quantum states, among the many occurring at a given large value of the number operator. In particular we look for states that can produce a Bosonic spectrum resembling the classical spectrum expected for peculiar cusp-like or kink-like classical configurations, and we perform a statistical counting of their average number. The results can be relevant in the framework of possible observations of the radiation emitted by cosmic strings.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, improved explanations, an appendix added on rotating folded string
title: Characterizing the Molecular and Cellular Changes of Senescent Cells Induced by Diverse Stressors in 2D and 3D Microenvironments
Creators: name: Chauhan, Aporova
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Aging is a risk factor for myriad diseases and is often associated with the accumulation of senescent cells. Cellular senescence, a process of irreversible cell cycle arrest, is associated with various changes in cellular morphology and function. While senescence will occur naturally in a time-dependent manner, it can be prematurely induced by various extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Most senescence studies model cell behavior in two-dimensional (2D) microenvironments; however, these models are not physiologically relevant. In this study, the effects of naturally occurring reactive oxygen species (ROS) hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and commonly used chemotherapy drugs, doxorubicin and palbociclib, on cellular senescence are modeled and compared in 2D and 3D replicas of skin tissue using human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF). This study shows that senescence associated cellular changes are not only stressor-dependent, but also environment dependent.
Multipolar engineering of subwavelength dielectric particles for scattering enhancement
Creators: name: Krasikov, S. D.
name: Odit, M. A.
name: Dobrykh, D. A.
name: Yusupov, I. M.
name: Mikhailovskaya, A. A.
name: Shakirova, D. T.
name: Shcherbakov, A. A.
name: Slobozhanyuk, A. P.
name: Ginzburg, P.
name: Filonov, D. S.
name: Bogdanov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic scattering on subwavelength structures keeps attracting attention owing to abroad range of possible applications, where this phenomenon is in use. Fundamental limits of scattering cross-section, being well understood in spherical geometries, are overlooked in cases of low-symmetry resonators. Here, we revise the notion of superscattering and link this property with symmetry groups of the scattering potential. We demonstrate pathways to spectrally overlap several eigenmodes of a resonator in a way they interfere constructively and enhance the scattering cross-section. As a particular example, we demonstrate spectral overlapping of several electric and magnetic modes in a subwavelength entirely homogeneous ceramic resonator. The optimized structures show the excess of a dipolar scattering cross-section limit for a sphere up to a factor of four. The revealed rules, which link symmetry groups with fundamental scattering limits, allow performing and assessing designs of subwavelength supperscatterers, which can find a use in label-free imaging, compact antennas, long-range radio frequency identification, and many other fields.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Higher Hopf formulae for homology via Galois Theory
Creators: name: Everaert, Tomas
name: Gran, Marino
name: Van der Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18G, 20J, 55N35, 18E10

description: We use Janelidze's Categorical Galois Theory to extend Brown and Ellis's higher Hopf formulae for homology of groups to arbitrary semi-abelian monadic categories. Given such a category A and a chosen Birkhoff subcategory B of A, thus we describe the Barr-Beck derived functors of the reflector of A onto B in terms of centralization of higher extensions. In case A is the category Gp of all groups and B is the category Ab of all abelian groups, this yields a new proof for Brown and Ellis's formulae. We also give explicit formulae in the cases of groups vs. k-nilpotent groups, groups vs. k-solvable groups and precrossed modules vs. crossed modules.
description: 35 pages; major changes in section 5, minor changes elsewhere
Charged anisotropic compact objects obeying Karmarkar condition
Creators: name: Gomez-Leyton, Y.
name: Javaid, Hina
name: Rocha, L. S.
name: Tello-Ortiz, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This research develops a well-established analytical solution of the Einstein-Maxwell field equations. We analyze the behavior of a spherically symmetric and static interior driven by a charged anisotropic matter distribution. The class I methodology is used to close the system of equations and a suitable relation between the anisotropy factor and the electric field is imposed. The inner geometry of this toy model is described using an ansatz for the radial metric potential corresponding to the well-known isotropic Buchdahl space-time. The main properties are explored in order to determine if the obtained model is appropriate to represent a real compact body such as neutron or quark star. {We have fixed the mass and radii using the data of the compact objects} SMC X-1 and LMC X-4. It was found that the electric field and electric charge have magnitudes of the order of $\sim 10^{21}\ [V/cm]$ and $\sim 10^{20}\ [C]$, respectively. The magnitude of the electric field and electric charge depends on the dimensionless parameter $χ$. To observe these effects on the total mass, mass-radius ratio and surface gravitational red-shift, we computed numerical data for different values of $χ$.
Isolation of a murine glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) cDNA from a tumor derived cell line (STC₆₋₁₄) and quantification of glucose induced increases in GIP mRNA
Creators: name: Schieldrop, Philip John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis reports the attempts to characterize further the murine neuroendocrine cell line STC₆₋₁₄ with the hope of demonstrating this cell line's potential use for intracellular studies involving GTP. These studies include the identification of a murine GIP cDNA and investigations into the role of glucose in the increase of GIP mRNA within this cell line. Sequence analysis revealed a 537 base pair cDNA clone for murine GIP which was found to encode an open reading frame of432 base pairs. From this sequence a 144 amino acid precursor could be predicted which was shown to code for a 43 amino acid N-terminal extensionwhich includes a 19-21 amino acid signal peptide, a 42 amino acid hormone and a 59 amino acid C-terminal extension. Murine GTP is predicted to differ from the human hormone by three amino acid substitutions: arginine for histidine at position 18, arginine for lysine at position 30 and serine for lysine at position 34. GIP mRNA levels in STC₆₋₁₄ cells incubated in the presence of varying glucose concentrations were investigated using a competitive-PCR method. In the presence of a 5mM glucose stimulus, 1x10⁵ GTP cells were found to contain 3.9 ± 0.59 attomoles (amol) of GIP mRNA while the same number of cells contained 11.6 ± 1.4 amol when subjected to a high (25mM) glucose stimulus (p< 0.0025). Release studies for GIP in the STC₆₋₁₄ cell line were performed in conjunction with the mRNA studies to ascertain the link between GXP mRNA levels within the GTP cell and the amount of mature GIP released into the medium. In response to a low glucose (5 mM) stimulus, 3 x 10⁵ STC₆₋₁₄ cells released 0.84 ± 0.04% of TCC while the same number of cells were found to release 1.11 ± 0.11% of TCC when cultured in a high glucose (25 mM) media. These investigations demonstrated that the STC₆₋₁₄ cell line responds as predicted to a high glucose stimulus with an increase in the level of GIP mRNA but fails to transfer this mRNA increase into a greater GIP peptide release, most likely due to a problem within the posttranslational processes of the GIP cell.
title: The Influence of Bihemispheric Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation on Muscle Fatigue
Creators: name: Chauhan, Ananya
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Unilateral transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) using two electrodes placed over the primary motor cortex (M1) and the contralateral supraorbital (SO) region (M1-SO montage) has been shown to decrease the progression of muscle fatigue. The primary purpose was to determine the impact of bihemispheric tDCS (bi-tDCS) applied over the left and right M1s (bi-tDCS) on the time to task failure (TTF) of a precision-grip task. The study implemented a double-blind, randomized, SHAM-controlled, within-subjects design. A total of 20 participants performed two experimental sessions (bi-tDCS and SHAM conditions) separated by a one-week washout. During each experimental session, a fatiguing isometric contraction of the right hand was performed with a precision grip during concurrent application of either bi-tDCS or SHAM stimulation of the two M1s. The fatiguing contraction required participants to match a target force equal to 15% of their maximum voluntary contraction (MVC) force until TTF. The main findings were that there were no statistically significant differences in TTF (P = 0.730) and percentage decline in MVC force (P = 0.733) between the bi-tDCS and SHAM conditions. Furthermore, there were no significant differences in force error, standard deviation of force, or EMG activity between the two conditions. These results indicate that bi-tDCS does not delay the progression of fatigue during a precision grip task in healthy adults in the task conditions of the current study.
The chiral phase transition and equation of state in the chiral imbalance
Creators: name: Wang, Qing-Wu
name: shi, Chao
name: Zong, Hong-Shi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The chiral phase transition and equation of state are studied within a new self-consistent mean-field approximation of the two-flavor Nambu$-$Jona-Lasinio model. In this newly developed model, modifications to the chemical potential $μ$ and chiral chemical potential $μ_5$ is naturally included by adding vector and axial-vector channels from Fierz-transformed Lagrangian to the standard Lagrangian. In proper-time scheme, the chiral phase transition is a crossover in the $T-μ$ plane. But when $μ_5$ is increased, our study shows that there may exist first order phase transition. Furthermore, the chiral imbalance will soften the equation of state of quark matter. The mass-radius relations and tidal deformability of quark stars are calculated. As $μ_5$ increases, the maximum mass and radius decrease. The vector channel and axial-vector channel have opposite influence on the equation of state. However, when EOS is constrained by astronomical observations, the shape of the mass-radius curve can be used to determine whether there is chiral imbalance in the dense object, and thus indirectly proving the CP violation in the dense matter. Our study shows a different influence of the chiral imbalance on the chiral phase transition in contrary to tree-momentum-cutoff scheme.
description: 7pages and 7 figures
Thermal and non-thermal components of the interstellar medium at sub-kiloparsec scales in galaxies
Creators: name: Paladino, R.
name: Murgia, M.
name: Helfer, T. T.
name: Wong, T.
name: Ekers, R.
name: Blitz, L.
name: Gregorini, L.
name: Moscadelli, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: We present new radio continuum observations of ten BIMA SONG galaxies, taken at 1.4 GHz with the Very Large Array. These observations allow us to extend the study of the relationships between the radio continuum (RC) and CO emission to 22 CO luminous galaxies for which single dish CO images have been added to interferometric data. New Spitzer infrared (IR) images of six of these galaxies have been released. The analysis of these high resolution images allowed us to probe the RC-IR-CO correlations down to linear scales of a few hundred pc. Results: for the 22 galaxies analysed, the RC-CO correlation on scales from $\sim10$ kpc down to $\sim100$ pc is nearly linear and has a scatter of a factor of two, i.e. comparable to that of the global correlations. There is no evidence for any severe degradation of the scatter below the kpc scale. This also applies to the six galaxies for which high-resolution mid-IR data are available. In the case of NGC 5194, we find that the non-thermal radio spectral index is correlated with the RC/FIR ratio. Conclusions: The scatter of the point-by-point correlations does not increase significantly with spatial resolution. We thus conclude that we have not yet probed the physical scales at which the correlations break down. However, we observe local deviations from the correlations in regions with a high star formation rate, such as the spiral arms, where we observe a flat radio spectrum and a low RC/FIR ratio. In the intra-arm regions and in the peripheral regions of the disk, the RC/FIR is generally higher and it is characterized by a steepening of the radio spectrum.
description: 27 pages, 9 figures (low resolution), accepted for publication in A&A. High resolution version of the paper is available at: http://lucipher.ca.astro.it/~rpaladin/PAPER/RC-CO
Interacting Modified Variable Chaplygin Gas in Non-flat Universe
Creators: name: Jamil, Mubasher
name: Rashid, Muneer A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unified model of dark energy and matter is presented using the modified variable Chaplygin gas for interacting dark energy in a non-flat universe. The two entities interact with each other non-gravitationally which involves a coupling constant. Due to dynamic interaction, the variation in this constant arises that henceforth changes the equations of state of these quantities. We have derived the effective equations of state corresponding to matter and dark energy in this interacting model. Moreover, the case of phantom energy is deduced by putting constraints on the parameters involved.
description: 9 pages; Accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C
วินัยทางการคลังของท้องถิ่น บทเรียนจากต่างประเทศ และการกู้ยืมของท้องถิ่นตามหลักวินัยการคลัง
Creators: name: ดิเรก ปัทมสิริวัฒน์
Publisher: name: คณะบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2549
Subjects: วินัยทางการคลัง,แบบจำลอง creditworthiness

description: 1, 1, วารสารบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร
จากทฤษฎีความได้เปรียบโดยเปรียบเทียบสู่การค้าเสรี : กรณีศึกษาในประเทศไทย
Creators: name: สุจินดา เจียมศรีพงษ์
Publisher: name: คณะบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร มหาวิทยาลัยนเรศวร
Year: 2549
Subjects: การค้าระหว่างประเทศ,การค้าเสรี,ภาษีศุลกากร,ไม่ใช้ภาษีศุลกากร

description: 1, 1, วารสารบริหารธุรกิจ เศรษฐศาสตร์และการสื่อสาร
Development of an Expert System for Recommendation on Warfarin Dosing Adjustment Guideline in Patient for Pharmacist: A Pilot Study Using CLIPS Language
Creators: name: Lawan Sratthaphut
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU, MSU, UBU
Year: 2015
Subjects: Expert systems,Warfarin,Anticoagulant,Pharmacy,CLIPS

description: 2, 11, Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences
Monitoring the achieving therapeutic target in warfarin-administered patients by International normalized ratio at Prasat Neurological Institute
Creators: name: Sermsook La-Ongsuwan
name: Tanawadee Chor. Soraphong
name: Piyanuch Worachat
name: Kusuma Jaemsuk
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU, MSU, UBU
Year: 2015
Subjects: warfarin,International normalized ratio (INR)

description: 2, 11, Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences
Preliminary Development of a Wearable Device to Help Children with Unilateral Cerebral Palsy Increase Their Consciousness of Their Upper Extremity
Creators: name: Clouatre, Jade
name: Campeau-Lecours, Alexandre
name: Flamand, Véronique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Children with unilateral cerebral palsy have movement impairments that are predominant to one of their upper extremities (UE) and are prone to a phenomenon named "developmental disregard", which is characterized by the neglect of their most affected UE because of their altered perception or consciousness of this limb. This can cause them not to use their most affected hand to its full capacity in their day-to-day life. This paper presents a prototype of a wearable technology with the appearance of a smartwatch, which delivers haptic feedback to remind children with unilateral cerebral palsy to use their most affected limb, and which increase sensory afferents to possibly influence brain plasticity. The prototype consists of an accelerometer, a vibration motor and a microcontroller with an algorithm that detects movement of the limb. After a given period of inactivity, the watch starts vibrating to alert the user.
Development of Identity Testing for Monoclonal Antibodies usingCapillary Isoelectric Focusing Method
Creators: name: Titaporn Pootipinyowat
name: Wichuda Jariyapan
name: Saiwarul Jadoonkittinan
name: Teeranart Jivapaisarnpong
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU, MSU, UBU
Year: 2015
Subjects: capillary isoelectric focusing,monoclonal antibodies,isoelectric point,isoforms

description: 2, 11, Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences
Geodesics in the space of measure-preserving maps and plans
Creators: name: Ambrosio, L.
name: Figalli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Brenier's variational models for incompressible Euler equations. These models give rise to a relaxation of the Arnold distance in the space of measure-preserving maps and, more generally, measure-preserving plans. We analyze the properties of the relaxed distance, we show a close link between the Lagrangian and the Eulerian model, and we derive necessary and sufficient optimality conditions for minimizers. These conditions take into account a modified Lagrangian induced by the pressure field. Moreover, adapting some ideas of Shnirelman, we show that, even for non-deterministic final conditions, generalized flows can be approximated in energy by flows associated to measure-preserving maps.
Solid Dispersions: Technique to Enhance Solubilityof Poorly Water Soluble Drug
Creators: name: Thisirak Woraphatphadung
name: Praneet Opanasopit
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU, MSU, UBU
Year: 2015
Subjects: solid dispersions,poorly water soluble drugs

description: 2, 11, Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences
Sizeable suppression of thermal Hall effect upon isotopic substitution in strontium titanate
Creators: name: Sim, Sangwoo
name: Yang, Heejun
name: Kim, Ha-Leem
name: Coak, Matthew J
name: Itoh, Mitsuru
name: Noda, Yukio
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of the thermal Hall effect in single crystals of both pristine and isotopically substituted strontium titanate. We discovered a two orders of magnitude difference in the thermal Hall conductivity between $SrTi^{16}O_3$ and $^{18}O$-enriched $SrTi^{18}O_3$ samples. In most temperature ranges, the magnitude of thermal Hall conductivity ($κ_{xy}$) in $SrTi^{18}O_3$ is proportional to the magnitude of the longitudinal thermal conductivity ($κ_{xx}$), which suggests a phonon-mediated thermal Hall effect. However, they deviate in the temperature of their maxima, and the thermal Hall angle ratio ($|κ_{xy}/κ_{xx}|$) shows anomalously decreasing behavior below the ferroelectric Curie temperature $T_c$ ~$25 K$. This observation suggests a new underlying mechanism, as the conventional scenario cannot explain such differences within the slight change in phonon spectrum. Notably, the difference in magnitude of thermal Hall conductivity and rapidly decreasing thermal Hall angle ratio in $SrTi^{18}O_3$ is correlated with the strength of quantum critical fluctuations in this displacive ferroelectric. This relation points to a link between the quantum critical physics of strontium titanate and its thermal Hall effect, a possible clue to explain this example of an exotic phenomenon in non-magnetic insulating systems.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters
title: Postmodern Paranoia: Conspiracy Theories as Network Anxieties in Don DeLillo’s White Noise and Underworld
Creators: name: Browne, Madison
Publisher: name: University of Nevada, Las Vegas
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/0406gha72
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Conspiracy theories find their way into a majority of Don DeLillo’s novels, ranging from rumors that reference pop culture to speculations with political consequences. While conspiracies can be found throughout a variety of time periods and cultures, I historicize the specific forms of paranoia that arise in DeLillo’s fiction. In White Noise, disturbances in smalltown America in the form of industrial waste spill are accelerated by mass media culture and lead to a family man’s conversion into an attempted murderer. Underworld sees the reliable concerns of the Cold War become untenable as the American empire expands and events like the Kennedy assassination and Vietnam War lead to more complicated forms of paranoia. The novel traces the full extent of nuclear weapons development, all the way to the destruction of nuclear waste products. It is in these depictions of post-1945 American paranoia that DeLillo engages with the feelings of fear and uncertainty that can result from postmodernity. Both novels show an awareness of global systems intruding into civilian life, forcing their characters to learn how to reorient themselves or fail and succumb to their paranoia. The re-emergence of previously hidden waste proves the conspiracy theorist’s dictum that “everything is connected” to be true. Drawing on DeLillo’s treatment of the topic, I will expand on the sorts of anxieties that these conspiracy theories expose and consider how a subject’s positionality influences their relationship to paranoia. This project also seeks to evaluate the effectiveness of conspiracy as a way of comprehending the world, as it can be both an exaggerated reaction to the uncertainties of postmodernity and a reasonable expression of cynicism toward obscured power structures.