cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Supplementary Materials (Tables and Figures) for the Space and Time Topic Analysis on the Brazilian Immunization Program against COVID-19
Creators: name: de Carvalho, Victor Diogho Heuer
name: Nepomuceno, Thyago Celso Cavalcante
name: Poleto, Thiago
name: Costa, Ana Paula Cabral Seixas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: COVID-19
Space and Time Topic Analysis
Immunization program
Brazil

description: Set of supplementary tables and figures obtained for the analysis of topics in space and time about the Brazilian Immunization Program against COVID-19. These elements are: Table S1: Parameters used in the scraping script; Table S2: Example of the georeferenced corpus, containing the first five rows; Table S3: Cities with at least 300 tweets retrieved; Table S4: The 23 topics extracted using LDA algorithm; Table S5: The 23 topics terms translations (or approximated translations) to English; Table S6: Possible interpretations for each topic; Table S7: Tweets amounts according to each topic; Figure S1: Topic 1 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S2: Topic 2 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S3: Topic 4 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S4: Topic 5 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S5: Topic 6 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S6: Topic 7 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S7: Topic 8 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S9: Topic 10 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S10: Topic 11 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S11: Topic 12 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S12: Topic 14 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S13: Topic 15 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S14: Topic 16 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S15: Topic 17 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S16: Topic 18 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S17: Topic 19 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S18: Topic 20 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S19: Topic 21 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S20: Topic 22 distribution on the Brazilian territory; Figure S21: Topic 23 distribution on the Brazilian territory.
Towards a more realistic population of bright spiral galaxies in cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Aumer, Michael
name: White, Simon
name: Naab, Thorsten
name: Scannapieco, Cecilia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an update to the multiphase SPH galaxy formation code by Scannapieco et al. We include a more elaborate treatment of the production of metals, cooling rates based on individual element abundances, and a scheme for the turbulent diffusion of metals. Our SN feedback model now transfers energy to the ISM in kinetic and thermal form, and we include a prescription for the effects of radiation pressure from massive young stars on the ISM. We calibrate our new code on the well studied Aquarius haloes and then use it to simulate a sample of 16 galaxies with halo masses between 1x10^11 and 3x10^12 M_sun. In general, the stellar masses of the sample agree well with the stellar mass to halo mass relation inferred from abundance matching techniques for redshifts z=0-4. There is however a tendency to overproduce stars at z>4 and to underproduce them at z<0.5 in the least massive haloes. Overly high SFRs at z<1 for the most massive haloes are likely connected to the lack of AGN feedback in our model. The simulated sample also shows reasonable agreement with observed star formation rates, sizes, gas fractions and gas-phase metallicities at z=0-3. Remaining discrepancies can be connected to deviations from predictions for star formation histories from abundance matching. At z=0, the model galaxies show realistic morphologies, stellar surface density profiles, circular velocity curves and stellar metallicities, but overly flat metallicity gradients. 15 out of 16 of our galaxies contain disk components with kinematic disk fraction ranging between 15 and 65 %. The disk fraction depends on the time of the last destructive merger or misaligned infall event. Considering the remaining shortcomings of our simulations we conclude that even higher kinematic disk fractions may be possible for LambdaCDM haloes with quiet merger histories, such as the Aquarius haloes.
description: 26 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Light induced crystallization of cold atoms in a thin 1D optical tube
Creators: name: Grießer, Tobias
name: Ritsch, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81V80

description: Collective off resonant scattering of coherent light by a cold gas induces long-range interactions via interference of light scattered by different particles. In a 1D configuration these interactions grow particularly strong for particles trapped along an optical nanofiber. We show that there exists a threshold pump laser intensity, above which the gas can be found in a crystalline, selfsustained order. In the nonabsorbing regime we determine the critical condition for the onset of order as well as the forms of particle density and scattered field patterns along the fiber above threshold. Surprisingly, there can coexist multiple stationary solutions with distinct density and field profiles.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Niobium-based superconducting nano-devices fabrication using all-metal suspended masks
Creators: name: Samaddar, S.
name: van Zanten, D.
name: Fay, A.
name: Sacépé, B.
name: Courtois, H.
name: Winkelmann, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a novel method for the fabrication of superconducting nanodevices based on niobium. The well-known difficulties of lithographic patterning of high-quality niobium are overcome by replacing the usual organic resist mask by a metallic one. The quality of the fabrication procedure is demonstrated by the realization and characterization of long and narrow superconducting lines and niobium-gold-niobium proximity SQUIDs.
Ein freies Bibliothekssystem für wissenschaftliche Bibliotheken –Werkstattbericht der IST Austria Library
Creators: name: Villányi, Márton
Publisher: name: Verein Informationspraxis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: LR. OPAC systems.; LQ. Library automation systems.; JK. Interlibrary loans.; JJ. Document delivery.; JI. Circulation.; JA. Acquisitions.; HM. OPACs.; HO. e-books.; DD. Academic libraries.; DI. Science libraries.

description: Auf der Suche nach einem Bibliothekssystem entschied sich die Forschungseinrichtung IST Austria im Jahr 2014 für das Open-Source-Produkt Koha. In einem ersten Schritt wurden zunächst Grundfunktionen aktiviert um im Anschluss diverse zusätzliche Tools zum Einsatz zu bringen. Die große Flexibilität des Systems erlaubt maßgeschneiderte Lösungen für unterschiedlichste Institutionen. Trotz Herausforderungen kann die Bibliothek auf eine erfolgreiche Implementierung zurückblicken.
description: Informationspraxis, Bd. 3, Nr. 1 (2017)
title: ОЦЕНКА ВЫПАХАННОСТИ ПОЧВЫ ПРИ ДЛИТЕЛЬНОМ ПРИМЕНЕНИИ РАЗЛИЧНЫХ СИСТЕМ ОСНОВНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ В СЕВООБОРОТЕ ДЛЯ ЗОНЫ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
Creators: name: Кузыченко , Юрий Алексеевич
name: Кобозев,  Анатолий Кузьмич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Цель исследования – установить степень выпаханности чернозёма обыкновенного при длительном применении различных систем основной обработки почвы в зернопропашном севообороте для зоны Центрального Предкавказья. Исследование проведено в длительном стационарном опыте (1972–2002 гг.) в зернопропашном севообороте: занятый пар (овес + горох) –
озимая пшеница – озимая пшеница – кукуруза на з/м – озимая пшеница – подсолнечник – озимый ячмень. Определены основные агрофизические показатели при различных системах основной обработки почвы, используемые для оценки степени деградации (выпаханности) почв: плотность, твёрдость, содержание агрегатов более 10 мм. Установлено, что при внедрении системы постоянной поверхностной обработки почвы наблюдается тенденция приближения её по значению коэффициента выпаханности (S = 0,72) к средневыпаханным почвам, что связано с высокой средней плотностью почвы (d=1.24 г/см3), твёрдостью (Т=28,1 кг/см2) и содержанием агрегатов более 10 мм – 44,4%.
Multi-antenna fixed position system for lesion detection within phantoms
Creators: name: Pickering, Alistair Iain
Publisher: name: London South Bank University
Year: 2022

description: This project advances the current capability of using Ultra High Frequency (UHF) antennas to detect dielectric differences within a phantom, as a prerequisite for bone fracture analysis. The following research was conducted to investigate whether the scatter parameter measurements from multiple fixed position antennas could successfully reconstruct images of a phantom with a lesion. An Ultra-WideBand (UWB) Antipodal Vivaldi Antenna (AVA) was designed to transmit frequencies between 1800MHz and 2500MHz with an end fire beam between φ= ±4° (confirming the main beam is directed towards the phantom). Simulations and measurements were performed using four antennas, eight antennas and sixteens antennas spaced equally within the system. For each system, three contrasting phantom scenarios were taken, a homogenous phantom, a phantom with the lesion placed at 0°, and then with the lesion placed at 90°. The reconstructed images were analysed, comparing the three tests, and showed that using a sixteen-element system, the lesion position but not size was clearly detectable. These findings confirm that a fixed position system can be used as an alternative to the current process, which then drastically reduces testing times.
title: Применение норм Соборного уложения 1649 г. в деле о разделе крестьянского имущества
Creators: name: Гуменюк, Алексей
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Рассмотрена практика применения законодательных норм Соборного уложения 1649 г. в судных делах по челобитным крепостных крестьян. На основе документов приказной избы дворцового села Великого автор показал, что укрепление правомочий феодалов в отношении крестьян в конце XVII в. не отрицало наличия у крестьян юридической правоспособности и прав собственности в отношении своего имущества и земельного надела. Публикуемые документы подтверждают высказанные ранее В.М.Строевым и А.Г.Маньковым положения о том, что в Соборном уложении 1649 г. была закреплена идея равно-справедливого суда для всех сословий, и крестьянское сословие оставалось субъектом правовой системы.
Delayed outflows from black hole accretion tori following neutron star binary coalescence
Creators: name: Fernández, Rodrigo
name: Metzger, Brian D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Expulsion of neutron-rich matter following the merger of neutron star (NS) binaries is crucial to the radioactively-powered electromagnetic counterparts of these events and to their relevance as sources of r-process nucleosynthesis. Here we explore the long-term (viscous) evolution of remnant black hole accretion disks formed in such mergers by means of two-dimensional, time-dependent hydrodynamical simulations. The evolution of the electron fraction due to charged-current weak interactions is included, and neutrino self-irradiation is modeled as a lightbulb that accounts for the disk geometry and moderate optical depth effects. Over several viscous times (~1s), a fraction ~10% of the initial disk mass is ejected as a moderately neutron-rich wind (Y_e ~ 0.2) powered by viscous heating and nuclear recombination, with neutrino self-irradiation playing a sub-dominant role. Although the properties of the outflow vary in time and direction, their mean values in the heavy-element production region are relatively robust to variations in the initial conditions of the disk and the magnitude of its viscosity. The outflow is sufficiently neutron-rich that most of the ejecta forms heavy r-process elements with mass number A >130, thus representing a new astrophysical source of r-process nucleosynthesis, distinct from that produced in the dynamical ejecta. Due to its moderately high entropy, disk outflows contain a small residual fraction ~1% of helium, which could produce a unique spectroscopic signature.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS with minor changes. New Figure 3 showing evolution of neutrino luminosities and temperature. Animation of Figure 4 still available at http://sns.ias.edu/~rafernan/nsdisk/Figure4.mp4
Fostering Belonging and Civic Identity: Perspectives from Newcomer and Refugee Students in Arizona and New York
Creators: name: Russell, S. Garnett
name: Persaud, Amlata
name: Mantilla Blanco, Paula Liliana
name: Webster, Katrina
name: Elliott, Maya
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: High school students
Refugees
Immigrants--Education (Secondary)
Belonging (Social psychology)
Citizenship--Study and teaching

description: This policy report focuses on high-school-aged newcomer immigrant and resettled refugee students and explores their experiences across four schools in Arizona and New York. Using mixed research methods, the report examines the ways in which these students develop a sense of belonging and civic identity, and the role of schools in influencing student growth and development. The report presents findings on diversity and inclusion, student belonging and well-being, civic identity, rights, and civic engagement, and school and community participation, as well as policy recommendations for key stakeholders.
title: Из Рима в Великий Новград: Антоний Римлянин, новгородский чудотворец
Creators: name: Дидковская, Виктория
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Автор анализирует текст Жития Антония Римлянина в аспекте проблемы отношений Руси с Западной Европой в допетровское время и рассматривает вопрос о происхождении святого. Сопоставляя значения слов римлянин и римский, автор приходит к выводу об отсутствии семантических оснований для характеристики Антония как уроженца Рима. В то же время в статье подчеркивается взаимодействие европейского и новгородского компонентов в структуре и содержании текста, примером которого служит лексическое варьирование в инициальной части Жития.
Generalizable Dexterity with Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Zhou, Wenxuan
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Adaptive Agents and Intelligent Robotics

description: Dexterity, the ability to perform complex interactions with the physical world, is at the core of robotics. However, existing research in robot manipulation has been focused on tasks with limited dexterity, such as pick-and-place. The motor skills of the robots are often quasi-static, have a predefined or limited sequence of contact events, and involve restricted object motions. In contrast, humans interact with their surroundings with dynamic and contact-rich manipulation skills, allowing us to perform a wider variety of tasks in a broader range of settings. This thesis explores using Reinforcement Learning (RL) to equip robots with generalizable dexterity. RL solves sequential decision-making problems modeled as Markov Decision Processes (MDPs). RL has shown remarkable success in many domains such as games, making it a promising technique for developing advanced manipulation skills. Our research advocates for the following thesis statement: Reconsidering how we frame the robotics problem as an MDP is effective and essential to achieve generalizable dexterity through RL. We examine three challenges when applying RL to manipulation and discuss our approaches to overcome them by reconsidering the MDP formulation. First, robot data is time-consuming and expensive to collect. To reuse robot data effectively, we propose an offline RL algorithm by constructing a latent action space of the MDP. In addition, we discuss a framework that effectively reuses robot data across environments with non-stationary dynamics. Second, robot dexterity is often assumed to be limited by the hardware design of the robot. We propose to enhance the robot’s dexterity beyond its hardware limitations by exploiting the external environment, showing dynamic and contact-rich emergent behaviors. We demonstrate that rethinking how we define the environment of the MDP is effective in improving robot dexterity with RL. Third, learning dexterous skills that can generalize is challenging. We propose an RL framework with an action representation that is spatially-grounded and temporally-abstracted which allows the robot to learn complex interactions that can generalize to unseen objects. This further supports our claim that rethinking the action space of the MDP can lead to generalizable dexterity.
Algorithmic Management in the Platform Economy
Creators: name: Stark, David C.
name: Pais, Ivana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Organizational sociology
Industrial management
Computing platforms
Organizational behavior

description: The platform model is the distinguishing organizational form of the early decades of the twenty-first century. Whereas actors in markets contract, hierarchies command, and networks collaborate, platforms co-opt assets, resources, and activities that are not part of the firm. As a distinctive organizational form, the platform model confronts a distinctive managerial challenge: how to manage value-creating activities that are undertaken on the platform but not in the firm? In a triangular geometry, platform owners co-opt the behavior of providers and users, enrolling them in the practices of algorithmic management without managerial authority having been delegated to them. Acting on their own behalf, the ratings and other activities of providers and consumers are algorithmically translated into rankings and other calculating devices that circulate through feedback loops that are twisted rather than circular. Algorithmic management involves a peculiar kind of cybernetic control because at each fold of the feedback loop accountability can be deflected and denied. Whereas Scientific Management in the early twentieth century offered a legitimating principle for the growth of a new managerial class, algorithmic management in the early twenty-first century is reshaping the managerial class. Its power asymmetries at the organizational level are related to coalitions at the regulatory level in which platform owner and investors are in alliance with platform consumers.
Experimental study of the separation and reattachment in a partially confined jet
Creators: name: Kosmicki, James J.
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1973
Subjects: Aeronautics

description: By use of various lengths of shroud an experimental study was made of a partially confined jet to examine the transition between the flow configuration for a free jet to that of a confined jet. An examination of the reattachment pressure distributions and the parameters at the entrance of the abrupt channel expansion was made. A smooth transition of mean flow quantities was found to occur in the transition from a free jet to a partially confined jet and then to a fully confined jet. The distance to reattachment was measured for various shroud lengths and shown to exhibit an asymptotic value which was Reynolds number dependent. Associated with this maximum reattachment length was a maximum pressure recovery factor. The range of Reynolds numbers - based upon the jet diameter - for the present study was 80,000 to 280,000.
Organisational Wisdom – What is the Contribution of the Organisation Development (OD) Practitioner?
Creators: name: Gaukroger, Jane
Publisher: name: Leeds Beckett University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The focus of this research is an exploration of a gap between the theory and practice of organisational wisdom and the potential contribution of the organisation development (OD) practitioner to bridging this gap. Wisdom is an ancient concept. However, only recently has organisational wisdom been adopted as an explicit concept for organisation theorising - prompted in response to factors including the global financial crisis, organisational scandals and increasing interest in collective and individual wellbeing. The literature review demonstrates the richness and complexity of conceptions of wisdom through the ages and across disciplines. Whilst Aristotle’s notion of phronesis (practical wisdom) is an important influence for recent organisational writers, their focus has been more on the theory rather than the practice of organisational wisdom. Amongst major themes explored in the writings are organisational purpose and ethics, wise, relational leadership and movement from knowledge management to wisdom inquiry – often coalescing around how organisations best serve the common good. However, there has been little research into what practitioners in organisations think of organisational wisdom or how the concept and theorising is being applied. More specifically the role of the OD practitioner as a potential agent for the development of organisational wisdom is neglected. A practitioner orientation and an interpretivist research philosophy have informed and shaped an action research methodology for this study, using developmental action inquiry with a group of highly experienced OD practitioners. Exploring their perspectives on the practice and development of organisational wisdom has produced an integrated framework for characterising organisational wisdom with six characteristics relevant across multiple characters – individual (including leader), group, organisation and society. As a framework in use it offers a possible bridge between theory and
Moral Psychology as a Necessary Bridge between Social Cognition and Law
Creators: name: Dunlea, James
name: Heiphetz, Larisa A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Ethics
subject: Intergroup relations
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Punishment
subject: Prejudices

description: Coordinating competing interests can be difficult. Because law regulates human behavior, it is a candidate mechanism for creating coordination in the face of societal disagreement. We argue that findings from moral psychology are necessary to understand why law can effectively resolve co-occurring conflicts related to punishment and group membership. First, we discuss heterogeneity in punitive thought, focusing on punishment within the United States legal system. Though the law exerts a weak influence on punitive ideologies before punishment occurs, we argue that it effectively coordinates perceptions of individuals who have already been punished. Next, we discuss intergroup conflict, which often co-occurs with disagreements related to punishment and represents a related domain where coordination can be difficult to achieve. Here, we underscore how insights from moral psychology can promote equality via the law. These examples demonstrate how contributions from moral psychology are necessary to understand the connection between social cognition and law.
The "Camera Maid" Conundrum
Creators: name: Grimm, Charles "Buckey"
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films
Camera operators

description: The phrase “camera maid” seems to have originated in the late teens and early 1920s with the Fox Newsreels’ publicity department, who used it to announce the hiring of female camera operators. Women cinematographers in the silent era remain an under-researched area, especially compared to what has been uncovered about the many women who worked as directors, producers, and screenwriters during the period.
Aerodynamic control and mixing with ramp injection
Creators: name: Johnson, Michael Bernard
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2005
Subjects: Aeronautics
Supersonic Combustion Ramjet
separated flow
low strain-rate flameholding region
shear layer
SCRAMJET
chemical reaction

description: Experiments have been conducted in the GALCIT Supersonic Shear Layer Facility (S3L) to investigate the behaviour of a flow and geometry with many features that are potentially useful for a Supersonic Combustion Ramjet (SCRAMJET) engine - a recirculation zone for flameholding, enhanced mixing between fuel and air, and low total-pressure losses. In a subsonic diffuser configuration with no mass injection, the exit velocity and guidewall static-pressure profiles collapse over a large range of inlet Reynolds numbers. Significant control of exit velocity and guidewall pressure profiles is possible via injection through a perforated ramp into the freestream. The control authority on the overall pressure coefficient increases with increasing inlet Reynolds number. Simple control volume models put bounds on the overall pressure coefficient for the device.

In low-supersonic flow, the area ratio calculated from measured pressures agrees well with the visual shear-layer thickness, illustrating the low total-pressure losses present.

Further control is possible through variable heat release from a fast-chemical reaction between reactants carried in the two streams. At the highest heat release studied, mass injection requirements are lowered by, roughly, a factor of two. Measurements of mixing inferred from the temperature rise from such a reaction indicate a high level of mixing vs. classical free shear layers. As in free shear layers, however, the level of mixing begins to decrease with increasing heat release.
Mapping EINS -- An exercise in mapping the Network of Excellence in Internet Science
Creators: name: Salah, Almila Akdag
name: Wyatt, Sally
name: Passi, Samir
name: Scharnhorst, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper demonstrates the application of bibliometric mapping techniques in the area of funded research networks. We discuss how science maps can be used to facilitate communication inside newly formed communities, but also to account for their activities to funding agencies. We present the mapping of EINS as case -- an FP7 funded Network of Excellence. Finally, we discuss how these techniques can be used to serve as knowledge maps for interdisciplinary working experts.
Geology of the Del Valle area, Los Angeles County, California
Creators: name: Edwards, Charles DeVries
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 1948
Subjects: subject: Pico Formation
subject: Ramona Fault
subject: Saugus Formation
subject: Repetto Formation
subject: Ventura Basin
subject: Modelo Formation
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: San Martinez Grande Canyon

description: The Del Valle area is a part of an east-west synclinal
basin located near the eastern end of the Ventura Basin. It
is also a part of the Transverse Range region of southern
California and its structural trends are therefore predominantly east-west. The area is characterized, structurally, by folding and overthrust faulting with some minor normal faulting. The formations consist entirely of sedimentary rocks ranging in age from Miocene to Recent. Beds of the Saugus, upper and lower Pico and Repetto formations are exposed at the surface, and consist of sands, sandstones, siltstones, and shales. Local terrace sands and gravels and alluvial deposits are also present. Two productive oil fields, the Del Valle and Ramona oil fields are located within this area.
Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants impair host immunity by activating host cell glycolysis and inducing necroptosis
Creators: name: Wong Fok Lung, Tania
name: Monk, Ian R.
name: Acker, Karen P.
name: Mu, Andre
name: Wang, Nancy
name: Riquelme Colet, Sebastian Alejandro
name: Pires, Silvia
name: Noguera, Loreani P.
name: Dach, Felix
name: Gabryszewski, Stanislaw J.
name: Howden, Benjamin P.
name: Prince, Alice S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Staphylococcus aureus
Staphylococcus aureus infections
Glycolysis
Cell death
Immunity
Metabolism

description: Staphylococcus aureus small colony variants (SCVs) are frequently associated with chronic infection, yet they lack expression of many virulence determinants associated with the pathogenicity of wild-type strains. We found that both wild-type S. aureus and a ΔhemB SCV prototype potently activate glycolysis in host cells. Glycolysis and the generation of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species were sufficient to induce necroptosis, a caspase-independent mechanism of host cell death that failed to eradicate S. aureus and instead promoted ΔhemB SCV pathogenicity. To support ongoing glycolytic activity, the ΔhemB SCV induced over a 100-fold increase in the expression of fumC, which encodes an enzyme that catalyses the degradatin of fumarate, an inhibitor of glycolysis. Consistent with fumC-dependent depletion of local fumarate, the ΔhemB SCV failed to elicit trained immunity and protection from a secondary infectious challenge in the skin. The reliance of the S. aureus SCV population on glycolysis accounts for much of its role in the pathogenesis of S. aureus skin infection.
Perception of American English Consonants /v/ and /w/ by Hindi Speakers of English
Creators: name: Grover, Vikas
name: Shafer, Valerie L.
name: Campanelli, Luca
name: Whalen, Douglas
name: Levy, Erika S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Second language acquisition
English language--Study and teaching--Hindi speakers
English language--Consonants
Bilingualism

description: This study examined perception of the American English (AE) /v/-/w/ consonant contrast by Hindi speakers of English as a second language (L2). A second aim was to determine whether residence in the US modulated perception of this difficult contrast for proficient bilingual Hindi-English listeners. Two groups of Hindi-English bilinguals (the first resided in the US for more than five years, the second lived in India) and a group of AE-speaking listeners participated in the study. Listeners’ identification and discrimination of nonsense words (e.g., “vagag” vs. “wagag”) were examined. Hindi listeners performed significantly less accurately than AE controls. Accuracy by Hindi listeners was near chance for identification and higher-than-chance for discrimination. Exposure to AE in the US did not improve performance. These results are consistent with previous studies of late L2 learners and extend findings to a population that was proficient in an L2 before arriving in the L2 environment.
Japan’s Economy: Stable in a Turbulent World
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Economic development
Economic policy

description: Japan is a comfortable, safe, relatively high income, advanced democratic nation with an educated, skilled, well-motivated labor force, private sector high savings rate, the rule of law, and well-developed markets. The unemployment rate is very low, modest GDP growth per capita continues, and prices are flat with CPI increases still significantly below the 2 percent target. Japan is fundamentally stable socially, politically, and economically, with an ethnically homogeneous population of 126 million. If this sounds familiar, it is because my last two annual essays have begun similarly, and future ones are likely to as well. This speaks well of the steadiness and persistence of contemporary Japan.
My Career as an Economist on Japan and the Asia-Pacific
Creators: name: Patrick, Hugh T.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Economics
Economics--Research
Economics--Study and teaching
Economists

description: In this essay I reminisce about my professional career as a specialist on the Japanese economy and on the Asia-Pacific economies. There are four major professional dimensions: teaching, doing my own research, organizing and managing multischolar research projects, and institution-building. My focus here is on my research and institution-building activities, which naturally have always been intertwined.
Simple strategies for Banach-Mazur games and fairly correct systems
Creators: name: Brihaye, Thomas
name: Menet, Quentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In 2006, Varacca and Völzer proved that on finite graphs, omega-regular large sets coincide with omega-regular sets of probability 1, by using the existence of positional strategies in the related Banach-Mazur games. Motivated by this result, we try to understand relations between sets of probability 1 and various notions of simple strategies (including those introduced in a recent paper of Grädel and Lessenich). Then, we introduce a generalisation of the classical Banach-Mazur game and in particular, a probabilistic version whose goal is to characterise sets of probability 1 (as classical Banach-Mazur games characterise large sets). We obtain a determinacy result for these games, when the winning set is a countable intersection of open sets.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2013, arXiv:1307.4162
Dust extinction for an unbiased sample of GRB afterglows
Creators: name: Covino, S.
name: Melandri, A.
name: Salvaterra, R.
name: Campana, S.
name: Vergani, S. D.
name: Bernardini, M. G.
name: D'Avanzo, P.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Fugazza, D.
name: Ghirlanda, G.
name: Ghisellini, G.
name: Gomboc, A.
name: Jin, Z. P.
name: Kruehler, T.
name: Malesani, D.
name: Nava, L.
name: Sbarufatti, B.
name: Tagliaferri, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute rest-frame extinctions for the afterglows of a sample of gamma-ray bursts complete in redshift. The selection criteria of the sample are based on observational high-energy parameters of the prompt emission and therefore our sample should not be biased against dusty sight-lines. It is therefore expected that our inferences hold for the general population of gamma-ray bursts. Our main result is that the optical/near-infrared extinction of gamma-ray burst afterglows in our sample does not follow a single distribution. 87% of the events are absorbed by less than 2 mag, and 50% suffer from less than 0.3-0.4 mag extinction. The remaining 13% of the afterglows are highly absorbed. The true percentage of gamma-ray burst afterglows showing high absorption could be even higher since a fair fraction of the events without reliable redshift measurement are probably part of this class. These events may be due to highly dusty molecular clouds/star forming regions associated with the gamma-ray burst progenitor or along the afterglow line of sight, and/or to massive dusty host galaxies. No clear evolution in the dust extinction properties is evident within the redshift range of our sample, although the largest extinctions are at z~1.5-2, close to the expected peak of the star formation rate. Those events classified as dark are characterized, on average, by a higher extinction than typical events in the sample. A correlation between optical/near-infrared extinction and hydrogen-equivalent column density based on X-ray studies is shown although the observed NH appears to be well in excess compared to those observed in the Local Group. Dust extinction does not seem to correlate with GRB energetics or luminosity.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, 10 tables, MNRAS, in press
title: ОЦЕНКА СИСТЕМ ОСНОВНОЙ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВЫ ПО ОБОБЩЁННОМУ ПОКАЗАТЕЛЮ В ЗОНЕ ЦЕНТРАЛЬНОГО ПРЕДКАВКАЗЬЯ
Creators: name: Кузыченко,  Юрий Алексеевич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: Результаты исследования посвящены оценке систем основной обработки почвы в звене полевого севооборота в зоне Центрального Предкавказья по обобщённому показателю D, поскольку отдельные технологические и экономические показатели звена севооборота оцениваются специалистами по-разному. В полевом звене севооборота (занятый пар – озимая пшеница – озимая пшеница) изучались системы основной обработки с применением орудий отвального и безотвального типов, фрезерного орудия, комбинации приёмов основной обработки почвы под отдельные культуры и минимальной обработки на фоне летне-осеннего применения системных гербицидов. Анализ данных исследования показал, что наибольшее значение интегрального показателя D установлено на варианте с постоянной вспашкой плугом ПЛН-5-35 с культурными отвалами и на варианте с чередованием глубины и приёмов основной обработки под отдельные культуры севооборота – D=0,956. На основании расчётов экономических показателей доказано, что наиболее эффективной системой
основной обработки почвы является чередование обычной безотвальной обработки на глубину 20–22 см чизельным плугом ПЧ-4,5 под занятый пар, мелкая обработка на глубину 10–12 см плугом со стойками СибИМЭ под озимую пшеницу и вспашка плугом с культурными отвалами ПЛН-5-35 на глубину 20–22 см под озимую пшеницу после озимой пшеницы с уровнем рентабельности 90%.
Hu Ping
Creators: name: Qin, XIqing
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Women in the motion picture industry
Motion pictures
Silent films

description: From 1931 to 1937, Hu Ping was a well-known left-wing film star and film critic (“Progressive Star”). Her abrupt withdrawal from the film industry in 1937, after the Chinese-Japanese War in Shanghai (also known as the “8.13 Incident”), led to repeated mentions in the wartime and post-war press about her, most of which portrayed her as a “fallen” actress. Among various queries about her possible whereabouts was one brief, positive review entitled “Thinking of Hu Ping,” which recalled her as a talented young actress active before the war, and noted that “since the anti-Japanese war ended successfully, most of the actors and actresses returned except the versatile Hu Ping. It’s so puzzling why nothing is heard about her” (Xiangshui). As a film star with a close connection to the Chinese left-wing cinema movement, Hu Ping is not completely forgotten today and is mentioned several times in Chinese Film Development History, the most widely read film history textbook in China, first published in 1963. The book credits her as an actress in more than a dozen silent and sound films and as the scenario writer of A Tragic TaleAbout My Sister/姊妹的悲剧 (1933), and notes her involvement with the League of Chinese Left-Wing Dramatists (Cheng et al. 185, 244, 272, 297). However, at the same time, Hu remains an obscure figure who, due to a lack of information about her, rarely attracts focused or in-depth scholarly attention today, except for the occasional journalistic interest in her (e.g., Ge 2007). Thus, in order to trace the contours of Hu’s film and journalistic career, this profile uses Chinese periodicals from the 1930s and 1940s, memoirs by contemporary playwrights and writers, Chinese Film Development History, and online sources as its main references.
AC susceptibility study of superconducting YBa2Cu3O7:Agx bulk composites (x = 0.0-0.20): The role of intra and inter granular coupling
Creators: name: Rani, Poonam
name: Jha, Rajveer
name: Awana, V. P. S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the effect of silver addition on superconducting performance of bulk YBCO (YBa2Cu3O7) superconductor. All the studied samples are prepared by conventional solid-state reaction method. Rietveld fitted X-ray diffraction data confirmed the single phase formation for all the studied samples. Detailed AC susceptibility measurements as a function of driven AC amplitude (1Oe-17Oe) of these samples revealed the enhancement of grains coupling with increasing Ag content in YBCO+Agx composite system. 10wt% Ag added YBCO superconductors exhibited the optimum inter granular coupling. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) observations indicate an increase in the grains connectivity in terms of narrow grain boundaries for doped samples. The average grain size is found to increase with Ag doping. It is concluded that limited addition of Ag in bulk YBCO superconductor significantly improves the grains coupling and as result optimum superconducting performance. YBCO+Ag composites could prove to be potential candidates for bulk superconducting applications of the studied high Tc system.
description: 15 pages of text + Figs
Lava Jato’s Lessons, Leaks, and Lasting Impacts
Creators: name: Ganley, Karla Yvonne
name: Lagunes, Paul Felipe
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Political corruption
Corruption
Bribery
Public administration

description: The prevailing narrative surrounding Lava Jato is that the relevant authorities have managed to break with impunity in Brazil. The reality, however, is much more nuanced, starting with the fact that many important developments in the Lava Jato saga have actually occurred outside of Brazil’s borders. Thus, in this concluding chapter, we reflect on the complexity of the vast corruption scandal, and we do so, in part, by discussing the revelations stemming from leaked messages involving members of the Brazilian Judiciary. We also highlight some of the major lessons from the volume’s chapters, while discussing the points of agreement and disagreement held by our diverse set of chapter contributors. Our chapter closes by proposing areas of future research.
Exact analytical soliton solutions in dipolar BEC
Creators: name: Andreev, P. A.
name: Kuz'menkov, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bright, dark and grey solitons are well-known soliton solutions of the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for the attractive and repulsive BEC. We consider solitons in the dipolar BEC of the fully polarized particles, speaking of the dipolar BEC we mean both the magnetized BEC and the electrically polarized BEC. We show that these two types of the dipolar BEC reveal different behavior of the collective excitations. This is related to the fact that the electric and the magnetic fields satisfy to the different pairs of the Maxwell equation set. Thus we consider them independently. We obtain exact analytical solutions for the bright, dark, and grey solitons in the magnetized (electrically polarized) BEC when they propagate parallel and perpendicular to an external magnetic (electric) field. Comparison of spectrum of the linear collective excitations for the two kinds of the dipolar BEC is presented as well.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
The oscillator model for the Lie superalgebra sh(2|2) and Charlier polynomials
Creators: name: Jafarov, E. I.
name: Van der Jeugt, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R05, 81Q10, 81Q80, 33C45

description: We investigate an algebraic model for the quantum oscillator based upon the Lie superalgebra sh(2|2), known as the Heisenberg-Weyl superalgebra or "the algebra of supersymmetric quantum mechanics", and its Fock representation. The model offers some freedom in the choice of a position and a momentum operator, leading to a free model parameter gamma. Using the technique of Jacobi matrices, we determine the spectrum of the position operator, and show that its wavefunctions are related to Charlier polynomials C_n with parameter gamma^2. Some properties of these wavefunctions are discussed, as well as some other properties of the current oscillator model.
description: Minor changes and some additional references added in version 1
title: ОЦЕНКА ИСХОДНОГО МАТЕРИАЛА И НАСЛЕДОВАНИЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВЕННО ЦЕННЫХ ПРИЗНАКОВ ЗЕРНОВОГО СОРГО
Creators: name: Капустин,  Сергей Иванович
name: Володин,  Александр Борисович
name: Капустин,  Андрей Сергеевич
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ "Северо-Кавказский федеральный научный аграрный центр"
Year: 2019

description: В 2017–2018 гг. в Северо-Кавказском ФНАЦ изучено 4 стерильных линии, 22 отцовских восстановителей фертильности и 169 полученных на их основе гибридов зернового сорго. Целью исследования являлось изучение наследуемости и уровня гетерозиса основных количественных признаков в сравнении со средними показателями родительских форм. У комбинации
Коричневозерное 11С×Л. 3631/93 установлено уменьшение продолжительности периода всходы – вымётывание на 4 дня в сравнении с их родительскими формами. У большинства полученных гибридов высота растений составила 133–152 см. Значительные показатели гетерозиса длины листа фиксировались у гибридов с участием стерильной линии А-1012 и отцовских форм Ерген и ПОСС 42. По сочетанию длины метёлки и выхода ножки метёлки из раструба верхнего листа в сравнении с другими гибридами максимальный гетерозис (76,9–83,3%) установлен у комбинаций Коричневозерное 11С×Ерген и А-1012×Ерген. Самый высокий урожай зерна получен у гибридов Коричневозерное 11С×Л. 3631/93 (6,13 т/га), А-1012 ×Ерген (6,09 т/га), А-3529×Ерген (6,02 т/га), А-1012×ПОСС 42 (6,01 т/га), Коричневозерное 11С×Ерген (588 т/га). Показатели истинного гетерозиса этого признака составили 2,09–2,31 т/га (54,0–60,5%). Линии Коричневозерное 11С и Л. 3631/93 отличаются высоким темпом суточного снижения влажности зерна в конце созревания (0,5–0,6%). У полученного гибрида уборочная влажность зерна составила 11,9%.
title: Сербский средневековый герой в документальной драме: к вопросу об особенностях отображения
Creators: name: Копанева, Дина
Publisher: name: Новгородский государственный университет имени Ярослава Мудрого (НовГУ)
Year: 2019

description: Статья посвящена анализу сербского кинематографа в жанре документальной драмы с момента его зарождения и до наших дней для выявления в нем образа национального сербского средневекового героя и особенностей его отображения. В качестве примеров для рассмотрения выбраны три документальные драмы различных временных периодов, посвященные сербскому Средневековью и его героям. Установлено, что для сербов период Средневековья ассоциируется, прежде всего, со временем собственного национального подъема и независимости. В этих условиях образ средневекового героя получает свое отражение в качестве классического, устоявшегося в народной памяти храброго витязя, верного христианина и защитника национальных интересов. При обращении авторов фильма к историческим источникам подобная тенденция также сохраняется. Сделан вывод о том, что специфика отображения данного образа в сербских документальных драмах со временем не претерпевает значительных изменений.