cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Time series analysis of surface layer ozone in the Lower Fraser Valley of British Columbia
Creators: name: Robeson, Scott Michael
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Near the earth's surface, ozone is a highly toxic and reactive pollutant. In order to avoid potentially hazardous concentrations near densely populated areas, accurate forecasts of the temporal variability of ozone are necessary. Several statistical models which may be used to understand the temporal variability of ozone as well as to forecast short-term ozone fluctuations are developed. The models may be divided into two distinct categories: (1) those which forecast daily maximum one-hour average ozone concentrations and (2) those which forecast the diurnal behavior of one-hour average ozone concentrations. To assess the relative utility of each model, their forecast ability is evaluated by statistical comparison with data not used in model development. Most of the developed models appear to perform reasonably well; however, the utility of any forecast model is dependent upon the needs of the user. It is believed that the limits of the "pure time series" method (i.e., mathematical decomposition of time series into various elements) have been approached. Future investigations with these data should attempt to answer specific questions regarding the physical mechanisms governing ozone variability.
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF PEER COUNSELOR SELECTION AND TRAINING ON HIGH SCHOOL DISCIPLINE
Creators: name: Emily, A. Mwangi
name: Samuel, J. Nyabera
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Selection and Training, Peer Counsellors, Students' Discipline, Descriptive Research Design, Ainamoi Sub-County, Kericho County, Kenya

description: Peer counselling has been adopted as a significant contributor of behaviour change among students in secondary schools. Peer counselling normally utilizes role playing as well as modelling to enhance discipline among the learners. The purpose of the study is to find out the relationship between criteria used in selection and training of peer counsellors and students’ discipline in selected schools in Ainamoi sub county, Kericho County in Kenya. The study adopted mixed methods: descriptive research design which utilized both qualitative and quantitative approach. The study was conducted in four selected high schools in Ainamoi Sub County. Stratified random sampling procedure was used to identify the schools while, purposive sampling procedure was used to select students, Guidance and counselling teachers and also deputy principals. Thus, a sample size of 280 respondents were engaged in this study: The questionnaire and interview schedule were utilized in this study. The findings indicated that selection and training of peer counsellors was done which significantly enhanced discipline in the respective schools (P<0.05). Training and induction were given to peer counsellors through seminars with the help of internal or external counsellors. In addition, character and traits were examined before selection of peer counsellors. The processes of selection of peer counsellors involved the students, teachers as well as the administration. Results on strategies used indicated that discussion and group counselling were the mostly adopted strategies used in promoting discipline in the schools. The study concluded that selection procedure and training of peer counsellors had significant role in improving discipline of students in schools. The study recommends that the school should enhance training and seminar programmes that improve the skills and knowledge of peer counsellors in secondary schools.
An investigation of Fe XVI emission lines in solar and stellar EUV and soft X-ray spectra
Creators: name: Keenan, F. P.
name: Drake, J. J.
name: Aggarwal, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New fully relativistic calculations of radiative rates and electron impact excitation cross sections for Fe XVI are used to determine theoretical emission-line ratios applicable to the 251 - 361 A and 32 - 77 A portions of the extreme-ultraviolet (EUV) and soft X-ray spectral regions, respectively. A comparison of the EUV results with observations from the Solar Extreme-Ultraviolet Research Telescope and Spectrograph (SERTS) reveals excellent agreement between theory and experiment. However, for emission lines in the 32 - 49 A portion of the soft X-ray spectral region, there are large discrepancies between theory and measurement for both a solar flare spectrum obtained with the X-Ray Spectrometer/Spectrograph Telescope (XSST) and observations of Capella from the Low Energy Transmission Grating Spectrometer (LETGS) on the Chandra X-ray Observatory. These are probably due to blending in the solar flare and Capella data from both first order lines and from shorter wavelength transitions detected in second and third order. By contrast, there is very good agreement between our theoretical results and the XSST and LETGS observations in the 50 - 77 A wavelength range, contrary to previous results. In particular, there is no evidence that the Fe XVI emission from the XSST flare arises from plasma at a much higher temperature than that expected for Fe XVI in ionization equilibrium, as suggested by earlier work.
description: 6 pages, 4 tables, 1 figure, MNRAS in press
Unprecedented and highly stable lithium storage capacity of (001) faceted nanosheet-constructed hierarchically porous TiO2/rGO hybrid architecture for high-performance Li-ion batteries.
Creators: name: Yu, Wen-Bei
name: Hu, Zhi-Yi
name: Jin, Jun
name: Yi, Min
name: Yan, Min
name: Li, Yu
name: Wang, Hong-En
name: Gao, Huan-Xin
name: Mai, Li-Qiang
name: Hasan, Tawfique
name: Xu, Bai-Xiang
name: Peng, Dong-Liang
name: Van Tendeloo, Gustaaf
name: Su, Bao-Lian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: (001) faceted TiO2 nanosheets
Li2Ti2O4 crystallites
porous hierarchy
reduced graphene oxide
unprecedented lithium storage capacity

description: Active crystal facets can generate special properties for various applications. Herein, we report a (001) faceted nanosheet-constructed hierarchically porous TiO2/rGO hybrid architecture with unprecedented and highly stable lithium storage performance. Density functional theory calculations show that the (001) faceted TiO2 nanosheets enable enhanced reaction kinetics by reinforcing their contact with the electrolyte and shortening the path length of Li+ diffusion and insertion-extraction. The reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanosheets in this TiO2/rGO hybrid largely improve charge transport, while the porous hierarchy at different length scales favors continuous electrolyte permeation and accommodates volume change. This hierarchically porous TiO2/rGO hybrid anode material demonstrates an excellent reversible capacity of 250 mAh g-1 at 1 C (1 C = 335 mA g-1) at a voltage window of 1.0-3.0 V. Even after 1000 cycles at 5 C and 500 cycles at 10 C, the anode retains exceptional and stable capacities of 176 and 160 mAh g-1, respectively. Moreover, the formed Li2Ti2O4 nanodots facilitate reversed Li+ insertion-extraction during the cycling process. The above results indicate the best performance of TiO2-based materials as anodes for lithium-ion batteries reported in the literature.
Slides for a talk for the Department of Zoology Seminar Day 24 March 2017: How the Elsevier Big Deal sparked a rampage at Cambridge
Creators: name: Logan, Corina
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: Big deal
Journal subscriptions
Publishers exploit researchers
Ethical life cycle of a paper

description: In December 2016, the University of Cambridge signed a 5 year contract with Elsevier that exploits researchers, the university, and the public, despite being provided with evidence from researchers that we wanted a better deal negotiated on our behalf. I will update you on what has happened since then to try to get the university to promote the best interests of researchers, and outline how we can change our behavior to facilitate this change.
Circular design in everyday urbanism: Towards regenerative and restorative dynamic spaces in cities
Creators: name: Suau Ibáñez, Cristian
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Torino
Year: 2019

description: Our habitats are being rapidly urbanised, renovated and restructured and, in this process, our cultural landscape is being radically altered. This unstoppable process of urbanisation across the globe has foremost implications for the environment, biodiversity, health and wellbeing of residents. The everyday city is a living laboratory that offers dynamic perceptions highlighting strands and synergies between senses, materials and spaces. This article reflects on the environmental effect of ecological design and circular economy on individual’s wellbeing at urban scale, so-called circular city. It deployed urban and ecological design principles to transform neglected spaces into healthy places through integrated grassroot experiments and models that empower local communities in innovative learning environments. For instance, urban greenspaces and community gardens are considered effective innovators in tackling problems associated with the deterioration of urban life such as waste, contamination and urban heat island effects. In the introduction section, this essay establishes a melted pot between the realms of urban planning, design and environmental psychology, particularly how human-caused problems such urban waste or vacant lands affect human health and wellbeing. The selected manuscripts for the special issue 11 of Visions for Sustainability titled “Wellbeing in Daily Built Environments” have emphasised the notion of wellbeing applied to design of the everyday city by interconnecting and balancing psychological, environmental, socio-spatial and cultural challenges. Projects, studies and materials presented in this selection propose a different way of thinking, playing and making our cities. They offer relevant literature and methodological supports from urban, architectural, aesthetics, perception and environmental psychology to inspire readers of this Journal to connect the states of the art in the fields of circular design and environmental psychology and also deepen on our understanding of processes and mechanisms underlying distinctive regenerative and restorative environments. It proposes a framework for understanding the dynamics of circular city, which can assist policy makers and planners to co-develop and design greenspaces with higher liveability and reuse or improve existing ones, ultimately humanising our urban environments and future replications.
description: Visions for Sustainability, No 11 (2019)
Automated Flight Test and System Identification for Rotary Wing Small Aerial Platform using Frequency Responses Analysis
Creators: name: Adiprawita, Widyawardana
name: Ahmad, Adang Suwandi
name: Semibiring, Jaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.4.4

description: This paper proposes an autopilot system that can be used to control the small scale rotorcraft during the flight test for linear-frequency-domain system identification. The input frequency swept is generated automatically as part of the autopilot control command. Therefore the bandwidth coverage and consistency of the frequency swept is guaranteed to produce high quality data for system identification. Beside that we can set the safety parameter during the flight test (maximum roll or pitch value, minimum altitude, etc) so the safety of the whole flight test is guaranteed. This autopilot for automated flight test will be tested using hardware in the loop simulator for hover flight condition.
description: Uploaded by ICIUS2007 Conference Organizer on behalf of the author(s). 7 pages, 15 figures
Prevention of bacterial adhesion to zwitterionic biocompatible mesoporous glasses
Creators: name: Sanchez-Salcedo, S
name: Garcia, A
name: Vallet-Regi, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Novel materials, based on Mesoporous Bioactive Glasses (MBGs) in the ternary system SiO2-CaO-P2O5, decorated with (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) and subsequently with amino acid Lysine (Lys), by post-grafting method on the external surface of the glasses (named MBG-NH2 and MBG-Lys), are reported. The surface functionalization with organic groups did not damage the mesoporous network and their structural and textural properties were also preserved despite the high solubility of MBG matrices. The incorporation of Lys confers a zwitterionic nature to these MBG materials due to the presence of adjacent amine and carboxylic groups in the external surface. At physiologic pH, this coexistence of basic amine and carboxilic acid groups from anchored Lys provided zero surface charge named zwitterionic effect. This behaviour could give rise to potential applications of antibacterial adhesion. Therefore, in order to assess the influence of zwitterionic nature in in vitro bacterial adhesion, studies were carried out with Staphylococcus aureus. It was demonstrated that the efficient interaction of these zwitterionic pairs onto the MBG surfaces reduced bacterial adhesion up to 99.9% compared to bare MBGs. In order to test the suitability of zwitterionic MBGs materials as bone grafts, their cytocompatibility was investigated in vitro with MC3T3-E1 preosteoblasts. These findings suggested that the proposed surface functionalization strategy provided MBG materials with notable antibacterial adhesion properties, hence making these materials promising candidates for local bone infection therapy.
description: 55 pages, 8 figures
Coexistence of plastic and partially diffusive phases in a helium-methane compound.
Creators: name: Gao, Hao
name: Liu, Cong
name: Hermann, Andreas
name: Needs, Richard
name: Pickard, Christopher
name: Wang, Hui-Tian
name: Xing, Dingyu
name: Sun, Jian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: ab initio calculations
ab initio molecular dynamics
collective motion
crystal structure prediction
high pressure and high temperature
melting and phase transition

description: Helium and methane are major components of giant icy planets and are abundant in the universe. However, helium is the most inert element in the periodic table and methane is one of the most hydrophobic molecules, thus whether they can react with each other is of fundamental importance. Here, our crystal structure searches and first-principles calculations predict that a He3CH4 compound is stable over a wide range of pressures from 55 to 155 GPa and a HeCH4 compound becomes stable around 105 GPa. As nice examples of pure van der Waals crystals, the insertion of helium atoms changes the original packing of pure methane molecules and also largely hinders the polymerization of methane at higher pressures. After analyzing the diffusive properties during the melting of He3CH4 at high pressure and high temperature, in addition to a plastic methane phase, we have discovered an unusual phase which exhibits coexistence of diffusive helium and plastic methane. In addition, the range of the diffusive behavior within the helium-methane phase diagram is found to be much narrower compared to that of previously predicted helium-water compounds. This may be due to the weaker van der Waals interactions between methane molecules compared to those in helium-water compounds, and that the helium-methane compound melts more easily.
Photon control and coherent interactions via lattice dark states in atomic arrays
Creators: name: Rubies-Bigorda, Oriol
name: Walther, Valentin
name: Patti, Taylor L.
name: Yelin, Susanne F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ordered atomic arrays with subwavelength spacing have emerged as an efficient and versatile light-matter interface, where emitters respond collectively and form subradiant lattice modes with supressed decay rate. Here, we demonstrate that such lattice dark states can be individually addressed and manipulated by applying a spatial modulation of the atomic detuning. More specifically, we show that lattice dark states can be used to store and retrieve single photons with near-unit efficiency, as well as to control the temporal, frequency and spatial degrees of freedom of the emitted electromagnetic field. Additionally, we discuss how to engineer arbitrary coherent interactions between multiple dark states. These results pave the way towards building a quantum platform that can equally act as a quantum memory and a photon shaper capable of producing states of light relevant in quantum information protocols.
description: This version agrees with the published version. It contains an extra Appendix, as well as an extended introduction and an extended discussion on the memory performance of the array
MATPOWER Optimal Scheduling Tool (MOST) User's Manual
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Ray D.
name: Murillo-Sánchez, Carlos E.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: MATPOWER
power systems
power grid

description: This is the User's Manual for the MATPOWER Optimal Scheduling Tool (MOST), a framework for solving generalized steady-state electric power scheduling problems.

MOST can be used to solve problems as simple as a deterministic, single period economic dispatch problem with no transmission constraints or as complex as a stochastic, security-constrained, combined unit-commitment and multiperiod optimal power flow problem with locational contingency and load-following reserves, ramping costs and constraints, deferrable demands, lossy storage resources and uncertain renewable generation.

While the problem formulation is general and incorporates a full nonlinear AC network model, the current implementation is limited to DC power flow modeling of the network. Some work has been done on an AC implementation, but it is not yet ready for release.

The primary developers of MOST are Carlos E. Murillo-Sanchez and Ray D. Zimmerman, with significant contributions from Daniel Munoz-Alvarez and Alberto J. Lamadrid. It is built on top of MATPOWER, a package of MATLAB/Octave M-files for solving power flow and optimal power flow problems.
description: {"references": ["R. D. Zimmerman, C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, and R. J. Thomas, \"MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education,\" Power Systems, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 12\u201319, Feb. 2011. doi: 10.1109/TPWRS.2010.2051168.", "C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, R. D. Zimmerman, C. L. Anderson, and R. J. Thomas, \"Secure Planning and Operations of Systems with Stochastic Sources, Energy Storage and Active Demand,\" Smart Grid, IEEE Transactions on, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 2220\u20132229, Dec. 2013. doi: 10.1109/TSG.2013.2281001.", "A. J. Lamadrid, D. Munoz-Alvarez, C. E. Murillo-Sanchez, R. D. Zimmerman, H. D. Shin and R. J. Thomas, \"Using the MATPOWER Optimal Scheduling Tool to Test Power System Operation Methodologies Under Uncertainty,\" Sustainable Energy, IEEE Transactions on, 2018. doi: 10.1109/TSTE.2018.2865454."]}
On the metallicity dependence of the 24micron luminosity as a star formation tracer
Creators: name: Relano, M.
name: Lisenfeld, U.
name: Perez-Gonzalez, P. G.
name: Vilchez, J. M.
name: Battaner, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the use of the rest-frame 24microns luminosity as an indicator of the star formation rate (SFR) in galaxies with different metallicities by comparing it to the (extinction corrected) Halpha luminosity. We carry out this analysis in 2 steps: First, we compare the emission from HII regions in different galaxies with metallicities between 12+log(O/H) = 8.1 and 8.9. We find that the 24microns and the extinction corrected Halpha luminosities from individual HII regions follow the same correlation for all galaxies, independent of their metallicity. Second, the role of metallicity is explored further for the integrated luminosity in a sample of galaxies with metallicities in the range of 12+log(O/H) = 7.2 - 9.1. For this sample we compare the 24microns and Halpha luminosities integrated over the entire galaxies and find a lack of the 24microns emission for a given Halpha luminosity for low metallicity objects, likely reflecting a low dust content. These results suggest that the 24microns luminosity is a good metallicity independent tracer for the SFR in individual HII regions. On the other hand, metallicity has to be taken into account when using the 24microns luminosity as a tracer for the SFR of entire galaxies.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
Measurement of the ttbar production cross section in ppbar collisions at sqrt{s} = 1.96 TeV using kinematic characteristics of lepton + jets events
Creators: name: D0 Collaboration
name: Abazov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the top quark pair production cross section in ppbar collisions at sqrt(s)=1.96 TeV utilizing 425 pb-1 of data collected with the D0 detector at the Fermilab Tevatron Collider. We consider the final state of the top quark pair containing one high-pT electron or muon and at least four jets. We exploit specific kinematic features of ttbar events to extract the cross section. For a top quark mass of 175 GeV, we measure sigma_ttbar = 6.4 +1.3-1.2(stat} +/- 0.7(syst)+/- 0.4(lum) pb in good agreement with the standard model prediction.
description: 24 pages, 17 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Nanoscale Electron Microscopy Study of Phase Transitions and Thermal Properties in Functional Materials.
Creators: name: Sapkota, Bibash
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Analytical high-resolution scanning transmission electron spectroscopy (HR-STEM) combined with in-situ heating enables us to acquire atomic resolution images as well as low-loss and high-loss electron energy loss (EEL) spectra of the material at various temperatures. Using the temperature dependence from plasmon energy, obtained from low-loss EEL spectra, various thermal properties such as thermal expansion coefficient, melting point, and phase transition temperature of the material can be calculated. By analyzing the change in shape and relative intensities of ionization edges from core-loss EEL spectra with respect to the temperature, the evolution of the material’s phase can be studied. In this thesis, I have combined low-loss and core-loss Electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) and HR-STEM imaging with in-situ heating to study thermal expansion, melting and phase transition of various functional materials. The thermal expansion coefficient (TEC) of the bulk material can be determined by using Michelson interferometry by measuring the temperature-induced change in sample dimensions. For nanoparticles, high-temperature x-ray diffraction (XRD) can extract TEC from the XRD patterns acquired at various temperatures. These methods are not appropriate to determine the TEC of interfaces or nanoparticles at the nanoscale due to limitations in spatial resolution and sample requirements. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) can be used to determine the TEC of individual nanoparticles, interfaces as well as grain boundaries by probing the characteristics plasmon energy of the materials with high spatial resolution. While direct HR-STEM imaging can be useful in some scenarios in detecting structural phase changes, the material is subjected to a high electron dose rate in the process. The mechanical and thermal vibrations introduced to the sample during heating may distort the images making acquisition of high-quality images challenging. Furthermore, the requirement of thin samples (< 50 nm) makes it unsuitable to study thicker nanoparticles. In such a context, the low-loss EELS method can be handy for studying physical as well as structural phase transition indirectly. The low-loss EELS can be acquired for much thicker samples (< 300 nm). The dose rate can be easily controlled by changing dwell time and pixel size. This gives a lot more flexibility in designing and studying a wide range of materials. This thesis aims to develop the techniques to study the thermal expansion coefficient, the melting point, and the phase transition temperature at the nanoscale with the help of in-situ electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS).
Virtual Reality Simulation of Fire Fighting Robot Dynamic and Motion
Creators: name: Setiawan, Joga D.
name: Subchan, Mochamad
name: Budiyono, Agus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.1

description: This paper presents one approach in designing a Fire Fighting Robot which has been contested annually in a robotic student competition in many countries following the rules initiated at the Trinity College. The approach makes use of computer simulation and animation in a virtual reality environment. In the simulation, the amount of time, starting from home until the flame is destroyed, can be confirmed. The efficacy of algorithms and parameter values employed can be easily evaluated. Rather than spending time building the real robot in a trial and error fashion, now students can explore more variation of algorithm, parameter and sensor-actuator configuration in the early stage of design. Besides providing additional excitement during learning process and enhancing students understanding to the engineering aspects of the design, this approach could become a useful tool to increase the chance of winning the contest.
description: Uploaded by ICIUS2007 Conference Organizer on behalf of the author(s). 7 pages, 16 figures
The FRII Broad Line Seyfert 1 Galaxy: PKSJ 1037-2705
Creators: name: Punsly, Brian
name: Clarke, Tracy E.
name: Tingay, Steven
name: Gutierrez, Carlos M.
name: Rasmussen, Jesper
name: Colbert, Ed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we demonstrate that PKSJ 1037-2705 has a weak accretion flow luminosity, well below the Seyfert1/QSO dividing line, weak broad emission lines (BELs) and moderately powerful FRII extended radio emission. It is one of the few documented examples of a broad-line object in which the time averaged jet kinetic luminosity, $\bar{Q}$, is larger than the total thermal luminosity (IR to X-ray) of the accretion flow, $L_{bol}$. The blazar nucleus dominates the optical and near ultraviolet emission and is a strong source of hard X-rays. The strong blazar emission indicates that the relativistic radio jet is presently active. The implication is that even weakly accreting AGN can create powerful jets. Kinetically dominated ($\bar{Q}>L_{bol}$) broad-line objects provide important constraints on the relationship between the accretion flow and the jet production mechanism.
description: To appear in ApJ November 1, 2008, v687n1 issue
Constraining axion by polarized prompt emission from gamma ray bursts
Creators: name: Rubbia, A.
name: Sakharov, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A polarized gamma ray emission spread over a sufficiently wide energy band from a strongly magnetized astrophysical object like gamma ray bursts (GRBs) offers an opportunity to test the hypothesis of invisible axion. The axionic induced dichroism of gamma rays at different energies should cause a misalignment of the polarization plane for higher energy events relative to that one for lower energies events resulting in the loss of statistics needed to form a pattern of the polarization signal to be recognized in a detector. According to this, any evidence of polarized gamma rays coming from an object with extended magnetic field could be interpreted as a constraint on the existence of the invisible axion for a certain parameter range. Based on reports of polarized MeV emission detected in several GRBs we derive a constraint on the axion-photon coupling. This constraint $\g_{aγγ}\le 2.2\cdot 10^{-11} {\rm GeV^{-1}}$ calculated for the axion mass $m_a=10^{-3} {\rm eV}$ is competitive with the sensitivity of CAST and becomes even stronger for lower masses.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
ABC News/Ipsos Poll: 2021 Coronavirus Wave 29
Creators: name: ABC News
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: United States Senate trial of former President Donald Trump and barring him from federal office (1); President Joe Biden coronavirus (COVID-19) response approval (1); coronavirus aid package (1); fairness of coronavirus vaccine distribution (1); radical extremists in Republican/Democratic parties (1).
Euclidean resonance in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Ivlev, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analogy between Wigner resonant tunneling and tunneling across a static potential barrier in a static magnetic field is found. Whereas in the process of Wigner tunneling an electron encounters a classically allowed regions, where a discrete energy level coincides with its energy, in the magnetic field a potential barrier is a constant in the direction of tunneling. Along the tunneling path the certain regions are formed, where, in the classical language, the kinetic energy of the motion perpendicular to tunneling is negative. These regions play a role of potential wells, where a discrete energy level can coincide with the electron energy. Such phenomenon, which occurs at the certain magnetic field, is called Euclidean resonance and substantially depends on a shape of potential forces in the direction perpendicular to tunneling. Under conditions of Euclidean resonance a long distance underbarrier motion is possible.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Doing the work : the Black Lives Matter Movement in Austin, Texas
Creators: name: Bedecarré, Kathryn Anna
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2018
Subjects: Black Lives Matter
Antiracism
Black autonomy
Antiblackness
Activist anthropology

description: This dissertation explores the tension in Black political thought between redemptive and revolutionary frameworks for social change. The following study, the first ethnography of the Black Lives Matter Movement (BLMM), situates this longstanding debate within the context of our present moment. While political theorists form a consensus that the Movement for Black Lives (M4BL) holds the potential to perfect or radicalize U.S. democracy, they have not yet reckoned with the country’s enduring and implicit antiblack bias. The lack of critical attention paid to how antiblackness operates within racial justice movements limits activists’ capacity to create much needed transformative social change. In “Doing the Work” I address this gap in research by conducting an activist ethnography of Black Lives Matter organizing in Austin, Texas during the final year of the Obama presidency and the first year of the Trump administration. Through participant observation of vigils, city council meetings, cop watches, and sanctuary movement rallies I found a pattern wherein antiblack violence is recognized (by the state and the coalition), but only in comfortable or self-affirming ways. Again and again I observed nonblack empathy turn to self-congratulation, small concessions from city officials become huge celebrations, and mass outrage directed at the family separation crisis mutate into a disavowal of the war being waged against Black families. Additionally, I noticed a tendency among organizers to police radical and revolutionary political desire, no matter how benign or incipient. In other words, this study examines how an enduring and antiblack unconscious operates in Austin’s BLM movement spaces regardless of one’s politics or intentionality. This portrait of contemporary antiracist praxis suggests the master’s tools (Lorde 1979) that present the greatest danger to Black Liberation struggles are not autonomy and self-defense, but rather the politics of recognition, intersectionality and historical materialism. Ultimately, I argue that it is Black anger, and not the Sisyphean model of Black love/forgiveness, that offers the most compelling speculative work for the future of Black Studies and Black movements.
Study of b-quark mass effects in multijet topologies with the DELPHI detector at LEP
Creators: name: The DELPHI Collaboration
name: Abdallah, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of the heavy b-quark mass on the two, three and four-jet rates is studied using LEP data collected by the DELPHI experiment at the Z peak in 1994 and 1995. The rates of b-quark jets and light quark jets (l = uds) in events with n = 2, 3, and 4 jets, together with the ratio of two and four-jet rates of b-quarks with respect to light-quarks, R_n^bl, have been measured with a double-tag technique using the CAMBRIDGE jet-clustering algorithm. A comparison between experimental results and theory (matrix element or Monte Carlo event generators such as PYTHIA, HERWIG and ARIADNE) is done after the hadronisation phase. Using the four-jet observable R_4^bl, a measurement of the b-quark mass using massive leading-order calculations gives: m_b(M_Z) = 3.76 +/- 0.32 (stat) +/- 0.17 (syst) +/- 0.22 (had) +/- 0.90 (theo) GeV/c^2 . This result is compatible with previous three-jet determinations at the M_Z energy scale and with low energy mass measurements evolved to the M_Z scale using QCD Renormalisation Group Equations.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, Accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
The first stages of the mortality transition in England: a perspective from evolutionary biology
Creators: name: Davenport, Romola
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: mortality revolution
epidemiological transition
demographic transition
evolutionary biology
smallpox
typhus
plague
quarantine

description: This paper examines the origins of the Mortality Revolution from an evolutionary point of view, in terms of the trade-offs between virulence and disease transmission. For diseases that are transmitted person-to-person and cannot persist outside a host then there is evidence of strong selective pressure against high host lethality. However for pathogens which don’t depend on their human host for transmission or can persist outside a human host (including plague, typhus, smallpox and malaria) then the conflict between virulence and dispersal is reduced. Importantly, the properties that permitted these diseases to be so lethal also made it easier for relatively weak interventions to break the chain of disease transmission. The early control of these major diseases was associated with large reductions in mortality, but also shifted the distribution of causes of death towards the less virulent diseases of the extremes of age and of poverty.
Generalized ABC theorems for non-Archimedean entire functions of several variables in arbitrary characteristic
Creators: name: Cherry, William
name: Toropu, Cristina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11D04, 11D88, 32P05

description: We prove generalized ABC theorems for vanishing sums of non-Archimedean entire functions of several variables in arbitrary characteristic.
description: 29 pages, references added
PAL: Intelligence Augmentation using Egocentric Visual Context Detection
Creators: name: Khan, Mina
name: Maes, Pattie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Egocentric visual context detection can support intelligence augmentation applications. We created a wearable system, called PAL, for wearable, personalized, and privacy-preserving egocentric visual context detection. PAL has a wearable device with a camera, heart-rate sensor, on-device deep learning, and audio input/output. PAL also has a mobile/web application for personalized context labeling. We used on-device deep learning models for generic object and face detection, low-shot custom face and context recognition (e.g., activities like brushing teeth), and custom context clustering (e.g., indoor locations). The models had over 80\% accuracy in in-the-wild contexts (~1000 images) and we tested PAL for intelligence augmentation applications like behavior change. We have made PAL is open-source to further support intelligence augmentation using personalized and privacy-preserving egocentric visual contexts.
Mirror symmetry breaking as a problem in dynamical critical phenomena
Creators: name: Hochberg, David
name: Zorzano, Maria-Paz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The critical properties of the Frank model of spontaneous chiral synthesis are discussed by applying results from the field theoretic renormalization group (RG). The long time and long wavelength features of this microscopic reaction scheme belong to the same universality class as multi-colored directed percolation processes. Thus, the following RG fixed points (FP) govern the critical dynamics of the Frank model for d<4: one unstable FP that corresponds to complete decoupling between the two enantiomers, a saddle-point that corresponds to symmetric interspecies coupling, and two stable FPs that individually correspond to unidirectional couplings between the two chiral molecules. These latter two FPs are associated with the breakdown of mirror or chiral symmetry. In this simplified model of molecular synthesis, homochirality is a natural consequence of the intrinsic reaction noise in the critical regime, which corresponds to extremely dilute chemical systems.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Log-periodic drift oscillations in self-similar billiards
Creators: name: Barra, Felipe
name: Chernov, Nikolai
name: Gilbert, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a particle moving at unit speed in a self-similar Lorentz billiard channel; the latter consists of an infinite sequence of cells which are identical in shape but growing exponentially in size, from left to right. We present numerical computation of the drift term in this system and establish the logarithmic periodicity of the corrections to the average drift.
Detection of low-frequency breaks in power density spectrum of GX 339-4 in faint low/hard state observations using AstroSat data
Creators: name: Husain, Nazma
name: Misra, Ranjeev
name: Sen, Somasri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the spectro-timing analysis of the black hole binary system GX 339-4 using AstroSat data extracted at the beginning of outbursts in 2017 and 2019. The joint spectral fitting of LAXPC and SXT data revealed that the source was in a faint low/hard state for both 2017 and 2019 observations with a nearly equal photon index of $\sim$1.57 and $\sim$1.58 and with Eddington ratio, $L/L_{Edd}$, of 0.0011 and 0.0046 respectively. The addition of a reflection component into the spectral modelling improved the fit ($Δχ^2$ $\approx~6$ for 2017 and $Δχ^2$ $\approx~7$ for 2019), pointing towards the presence of weak reflection features arising due to irradiation of the accretion disk. The power density spectrum (PDS) consisted of strong band-limited noise with a break at low frequencies, described with a combination of few zero-centered Lorentzian. The fitting revealed a low-frequency break at $\sim$6~mHz for 2017 and at $\sim$11~mHz for 2019 observation, whose detection is validated by results from independent detectors (LAXPCs and SXT). The break frequency is roughly consistent with results obtained from earlier observations that showed an evolution of the frequency with flux, which is in accordance with the truncated disk model. Associating the break frequency with viscous time scale of the accretion disk, we estimated a truncation radius of $\sim$93 and $\sim$61 gravitational radius for 2017 and 2019 observation, respectively.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Tierwohl am Schlachthof erfassen
Creators: name: Starosta, Sonia
Publisher: name: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft
Year: 2021

description: Die vorliegende Untersuchung zielt auf eine fachlich fundierte Eingrenzung und Priorisierung von tierwohlrelevanten, am Schlachthof erfassbaren Befunden, um auf dieser Grundlage Politikempfehlungen für den Aufbau einer nationalen Tierwohlstatistik zu generieren. Anhand der Schlachthofbefunde lassen sich insbesondere Aussagen zur Tierwohldimension "Tiergesundheit" treffen, wobei Querbezüge zum Tierverhalten (bspw. bei Befunden am Bewegungsapparat) oder zum emotionalen Befinden (bspw. bei ermüdet und erschöpft angelieferten Schlachttieren) in begrenztem Umfang ebenfalls möglich sind. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfrage wurde ein auf Experteneinschätzungen beruhendes, dreistufiges Vorgehen gewählt. Im Ergebnis wurden 12 Befunde für Rinder und 16 Befunde für Schweine als sehr relevant identifiziert. Zu den besonders relevanten, gut erhebbaren Befunden zählen beim Transport oder im Wartebereich des Schlachthofs vorzeitig verendete Rinder und Schweine, am Schlachtband festgestellte Brüche, Entzündungen an den Gelenken, der Lunge, dem Brustfell und dem Bauchfell. Weniger gut zu erheben, aber als sehr relevant eingestuft, sind laut Expert*innen bei der Anlieferung die Befunde "Auszehrung" und "Lahmheit", bei der Fleischuntersuchung Befunde an den Klauen.
description: Berichte über Landwirtschaft - Zeitschrift für Agrarpolitik und Landwirtschaft, Aktuelle Beiträge
Stress Tensor and Bulk Viscosity in Relativistic Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Fries, Rainer J.
name: Müller, Berndt
name: Schäfer, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the influence of different initial conditions for the stress tensor and the effect of bulk viscosity on the expansion and cooling of the fireball created in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. In particular, we explore the evolution of longitudinal and transverse components of the pressure and the extent of dissipative entropy production in the one-dimensional, boost-invariant hydrodynamic model. We find that a bulk viscosity consistent with recent estimates from lattice QCD further slows the equilibration of the system, however it does not significantly increase the entropy produced.
Mormon missionaries among the Hopi Indians : A case of mutual persistence
Creators: name: Kadish, Lesley Vanessa, 1977-
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Hopi Indians--Arizona

description: The foundational period of the Church of Latter-day Saints and the spread of Mormon communities in the Southwest, both guided by a religious ideology, prophecies of a Promised Land, and the search for “lost tribes,” had a lasting impact on specific native groups, particularly the Hopi. For both Mormons and Hopis, history is written or told by the sways of prophecy. In their sustained interactions we see that persistence can inform the relationships and create an environment of mutual respect rather than aggressive contest. Through the use of oral history and the examination of archival documents from decades of Mormon missionary work with the Hopi Indians of Northern Arizona, it is possible to analyze the ways diverse tools of persistence reflected and shaped relations between the two groups, and between them and Gentile ‘outsiders.’ This thesis examines the repercussions of that interaction in terms of land boundaries, establishment of mixed communities, trade, traditions, and religiosity
Thomas More, l'utopie des uns peut-elle devenir la dystopie des autres ?
Creators: name: Liebart Deborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: utopie, dystopie, thomas more, bef, esclavage, état

description: Cette semaine après avoir écouté les interventions au forum économique de Bruxelles, j’ai décidé de vous parler d’utopie. En Belgique, en ce 18 juin 2019, il était question de construire une société plus inclusive grâce aux nouvelles technologies, de rendre le monde plus juste et d’endiguer la pauvreté… Si vous avez consulter mes précédents écrits et mes sujets de recherche, vous savez déjà que j’ai une certaine tendresse, critique parfois, mais une certaine tendresse tout de même pour les tentatives utopiques à travers l’Histoire et cela m’a donné envie de vous parler de Thomas More et de sa critique parfois satirique, parfois touchante de l’Angleterre de son temps, entre critique de l’appropriation des sols par la noblesse et le clergé, de hausse d’impôts, de guerres civiles, d’agriculture en ruine au profit de l’élevage des bêtes à laine pour lequel les capitalistes accaparaient les terres, de développement de la mendicité, du vagabondage, de disettes… toute sorte de maux auxquels le pouvoir répondait par la prison et/ou le bourreau...
Civil Society Weakness in Post­-Communist Europe: A Preliminary Assessment
Creators: name: Foa, Roberto Stefan
name: Ekiert, Gzegorz
Publisher: name: Collegio Carlo Alberto
Year: 2011
Subjects: Post-Communism
Eastern Europe
Civil Society
Social Capital
Democracy
Democratic Transition

description: During the last two decades, scholars from a variety of disciplines have argued that civil society is structurally deficient in post-communist countries. The picture that arises from the literature is one of ‘democracies without citizens,’ where political elites have succeeded in protecting basic civic rights and implementing democratic procedures, but failed to enhance voluntary activity or civic engagement at the grassroots level. This paper, by contrast, challenges the ‘weakness of post-communist civil society’ consensus by using a wide range of data from various available sources. Tracing the stages of civil society transformations, we show that civil societies in Central and Eastern European countries are not as feeble as is often assumed. Some post-communist countries possess vigorous public spheres and active civil society organizations strongly connected to transnational civic networks and able to shape domestic policies. We suggest that existing studies have focused excessively on voluntary membership and survey data in assessing the strength of civil society at the expense of other equally if not more important factors.