cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Direct visualization of charge transport in suspended (or free-standing) DNA strands by low-energy electron microscopy
Creators: name: Latychevskaia, Tatiana
name: Escher, Conrad
name: Andregg, William
name: Andregg, Michael
name: Fink, Hans-Werner
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Low-energy electrons offer a unique possibility for long exposure imaging of individual biomolecules without significant radiation damage. In addition, low-energy electrons exhibit high sensitivity to local potentials and thus can be employed for imaging charges as small as a fraction of one elementary charge. The combination of these properties makes low-energy electrons an exciting tool for imaging charge transport in individual biomolecules. Here we demonstrate the imaging of individual deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) molecules at the resolution of about 1 nm with simultaneous imaging of the charging of the DNA molecules that is of the order of less than one elementary charge per nanometer. The cross-correlation analysis performed on different sections of the DNA network reveals that the charge redistribution between the two regions is correlated. Thus, low-energy electron microscopy is capable to provide simultaneous imaging of macromolecular structure and its charge distribution which can be beneficial for imaging and constructing nano-bio-sensors.
Probability of Irrigated Corn Being Profitable in a Humid Region
Creators: name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: McClure, Angela T.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
name: Smith, S. Aaron
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Larson, James A.
name: Roberts, Roland K.
name: McClure, Angela T.
name: Tyler, Donald D.
name: Smith, S. Aaron
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Farm Management
Production Economics

description: We used Monte Carlo simulation to evaluate the probability of the net present value (NPV) being positive for investing in irrigation for corn production in Tennessee. The probability of NPV>0 ranged from 78-89% for a 200-acre field using 1994-2013 prices, and 87-99% for a 125-acre field using 2006-2013 prices.
Neoaspiculum Won & Iams 2011
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Radiozoa
Polycystina
Spumellaria
Aspiculidae
Neoaspiculum

description: Neoaspiculum Won & Iams, 2011
 Neoaspiculum Won & Iams, 2011: 165.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Neoaspiculum headense Won & Iams, 2011 (Won & Iams 2011: 165, fig. 6.1-6.10, 6.12-6.17).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Floian (Lower Ordovician), Cow Head Group, western Newfoundland, Canada.
TAXON CODE. — 286.
STATUS. — Valid.
DIAGNOSIS. — “Spherical pylomate or non-pylomate skeleton consisting of multiple layers, each of which is indistinctly or distinctly separated from the neighboring layer.Meshwork commonly composed of bars, bandages, rarely displaying wide interpore areas, all of these types rarely co-occurring within a specimen. Shape and degree of development of a proloculus variable.” (Won & Iams 2011: 165).
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 486, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
High-resolution snow parameter/structure retrieval from tower-based radar time series of seasonal snow obtained with the ESA SnowScat and the ESA Wideband Scatterometer in SAR tomographic profiling mode
Creators: name: Frey, Othmar
name: Wiesmann, Andreas
name: Werner, Charles
name: Caduff, Rafael
name: Löwe, Henning
name: Jaggi, Matthias
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: EGUsphere
Stationary and Axisymmetric Perfect Fluids with one Conformal Killing Vector
Creators: name: Mars, Marc
name: Senovilla, Jose M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stationary and axisymmetric non-convective differentially rotating perfect-fluid solutions of Einstein's field equations admitting one conformal symmetry. We analyse the two inequivalent Lie algebras not exhaustively considered in Mars and Senovilla, 1994, and show that the general solution for each Lie algebra depends on one arbitrary function of one of the coordinates while a set of three ordinary differential equations for four unknowns remains to be solved. The conformal Killing vector of these solutions is necessarily homothetic. We summarize in a table all the possible solutions for all the allowed Lie algebras and also add a corrigendum to an erroneous statement in the paper quated above concerning the differentially rotating character of one of the solutions presented
description: Latex, no figures
Use of mobile L-Band interferometric synthetic aperture radar observations to inform snow property estimation
Creators: name: Deeb, Elias
name: Meehan, Tate
name: Hoppinen, Zach
name: Werner, Charles
name: Frey, Othmar
name: Forster, Richard
name: LeWinter, Adam
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: EGUsphere
Feynman's Decoherence
Creators: name: Kim, Y. S.
name: Noz, Marilyn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gell-Mann's quarks are coherent particles confined within a hadron at rest, but Feynman's partons are incoherent particles which constitute a hadron moving with a velocity close to that of light. It is widely believed that the quark model and the parton model are two different manifestations of the same covariant entity. If this is the case, the question arises whether the Lorentz boost destroys coherence. It is pointed out that this is not the case, and it is possible to resolve this puzzle without inventing new physics. It is shown that this decoherence is due to the measurement processes which are less than complete.
description: RevTex 15 pages including 6 figs, presented at the 9th Int'l Conference on Quantum Optics (Raubichi, Belarus, May 2002), to be published in the proceedings
Superflares on solar-type stars from the first year observation of TESS
Creators: name: Tu, Zuo-Lin
name: Yang, Ming
name: Zhang, Z. J.
name: Wang, F. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superflares, as strong explosions on stars, have been well studied with the progress of space time-domain astronomy. In this work, we present the study of superflares on solar-type stars using Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite ({\em{TESS}}) data. 13 sectors of observations during the first year of the {\em TESS} mission have covered the southern hemisphere of the sky, containing 25,734 solar-type stars. We verified 1,216 superflares on 400 solar-type stars through automatic search and visual inspection with 2-minute cadence data. Our result suggests a higher superflare frequency distribution than the result from {\em Kepler}. The reason may be that the majority of {\em TESS} solar-type stars in our dataset are rapidly rotating stars. The power-law index $γ$ of the superflare frequency distribution ($dN/dE\propto E^{-γ}$) is constrained to be $γ= 2.16\pm 0.10$, which is a little larger than that of solar flares but consistent with the results from {\em Kepler}. Because only 7 superflares of Sun-like stars are detected, we may not give a robust superflare occurrence frequency. And four stars are accompanied by unconfirmed hot planet candidates. Therefore, superflares are possibly caused by stellar magnetic activities instead of planet-star interactions. We also find an extraordinary star TIC43472154, which exhibits about 200 superflares per year. In addition, the correlation between energy and duration of superflares ($T_{\text {duration }} \propto E^β$) is analyzed. We derive the power-law index to be $β=0.42\pm0.01$, which is a little larger than $β=1/3$ from the prediction according to magnetic reconnection theory.
description: Accepted for Publication in ApJ. Comments are welcome. 22 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables
A Flexible Pragmatics-driven Language Generator for Animated Agents
Creators: name: Piwek, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.7

description: This paper describes the NECA MNLG; a fully implemented Multimodal Natural Language Generation module. The MNLG is deployed as part of the NECA system which generates dialogues between animated agents. The generation module supports the seamless integration of full grammar rules, templates and canned text. The generator takes input which allows for the specification of syntactic, semantic and pragmatic constraints on the output.
Tackling Challenges in Seebeck Coefficient Measurement of Ultra-High Resistance Samples with an AC Technique
Creators: name: Pan, Zhenyu
name: Zhu, Zheng
name: Wilcox, Jonathon
name: Urban, Jeffrey J.
name: Yang, Fan
name: Wang, Heng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Seebeck coefficient is a widely-studied semiconductor property. Conventional Seebeck coefficient measurements are based on DC voltage measurement. Normally this is performed on samples with low resistances below a few Mohm level. Meanwhile, certain semiconductors are highly intrinsic and resistive, many examples can be found in optical and photovoltaic materials. The hybrid halide perovskites that have gained extensive attention recently are a good example. Few credible studies exist on the Seebeck coefficient of, CH3NH3PbI3, for example. We report here an AC technique based Seebeck coefficient measurement, which makes high quality voltage measurement on samples with resistances up to 100Gohm. This is achieved through a specifically designed setup to enhance sample isolation and reduce meter loading. As a demonstration, we performed Seebeck coefficient measurement of a CH3NH3PbI3 thin film at dark and found S = +550 microV/K. Such property of this material has not been successfully studied before.
Colourings of planar quasicrystals
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Grimm, Uwe
name: Scheffer, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of colour symmetries for periodic and aperiodic systems consists of two steps. The first concerns the computation of the possible numbers of colours and is mainly combinatorial in nature. The second is algebraic and determines the actual colour symmetry groups. Continuing previous work, we present the results of the combinatorial part for planar patterns with n-fold symmetry, where n=7,9,15,16,20,24. This completes the cases with values of n such that Euler's totient function of n is less than or equal to eight.
description: Talk presented by Max Scheffer at Quasicrystals 2001, Sendai (September 2001). 6 pages, including two colour figures
A Demand Model of the Wholesale Vegetable Oils Market in the U.S.A
Creators: name: Kojima, Yasutomo
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Cain, Jewelwayne S.
name: Kojima, Yasutomo
name: Parcell, Joseph L.
name: Cain, Jewelwayne S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: compensated first-differenced double-log demand model
subject: demand analysis
subject: demand system
subject: vegetable oils
subject: trans fats (trans fatty acids)
subject: biofuels

description: This paper analyzed the quantity-price demand system of vegetable oils market in the United States, focusing on the wholesale market of eight vegetable oils. The global demand for vegetable oils has increased with the overall increase in global food demand. Due to health problems with trans fats (trans fatty acids: TFA) and biofuels issue with crude oil price surge, dramatic changes have been observed in vegetable oils market since the mid 2000’s. We took into account the two major events that might have caused structural changes in the system. We estimated the demand system with eight compensated demand equations, using seemingly unrelated regressions. In this estimation, we specified the first-differenced double-log demand model with homogeneity and symmetry constraints. For each of the vegetable oils, we reported own-price, cross-price, and expenditure elasticities. The results indicate that own-price elasticities are elastic for canola oil and for palm oil contrary to the other six vegetable oils. Palm oil, canola oil and sunflower oil are substitutes for soybean oil. The findings suggest that international prices of palm oil and canola oil affect significantly the U.S. soybean oil demand. Supply policies in export countries and importers’ behavior for palm oil and canola oil have important implications for the U.S. domestic vegetable oils market. The results also reveal that exogenous factors, such as issues of TFA and biofuels, have negatively affected the demand for soybean oil and peanut oil. These same factors, however, have positively affected the demand for palm oil and canola oil since 2004.
description: Updated version posted March 2014
Copiconulus Feng
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Radiozoa
Polycystina
Spumellaria
Pyramispongiidae
Copiconulus

description: Copiconulus Feng in Feng, He, Gu, Jin & Meng, 2006
 Copiconulus Feng in Feng, He, Gu, Jin & Meng, 2006a: 31.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Copiconulus solidus Feng in Feng, He, Gu, Jin & Meng, 2006 (Feng et al. 2006a: 31, pl. 4, fig. 1-8).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Upper Permian, Dongpan section, southwest Guangxi, South China.
TAXON CODE. — 293.
STATUS. — Valid.
 DIAGNOSIS. — “Test coniform, its height nearly equal to or slightly larger than maximum width. Outer shell spongy, with poorly or welldeveloped conical mammae, with or without spines. Pores small and subcircular. Spines short, three-bladed or rod-like. Inner shell small, spherical, spongy, and unclear in structure because of recrystallization. Shells between outer and inner shells thin, close to each other, coniform and connected by fine radial beams.” (Feng in Feng et al. 2006a: 31).
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 487, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
What can we learn about neutron stars from gravity-wave observations?
Creators: name: Vallisneri, Michele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the next few years, the first detections of gravity-wave signals using Earth-based interferometric detectors will begin to provide precious new information about the structure and dynamics of compact bodies such as neutron stars. The intrinsic weakness of gravity-wave signals requires a proactive approach to modeling the prospective sources and anticipating the shape of the signals that we seek to detect. Full-blown 3-D numerical simulations of the sources are playing and will play an important role in planning the gravity-wave data-analysis effort. I review some recent analytical and numerical work on neutron stars as sources of gravity waves.
description: Revtex 4, 3 EPS figures. To appear in the proceedings of the 25th J. Hopkins Workshop on Current Problems in Particle Theory; 2001: A Relativistic Spacetime Odyssey, Florence, Sep. 3--5, 2001
title: Design of a multicore sparse Cholesky factorization using DAGs
Creators: name: Hogg, JD
name: Reid, JK
name: Scott, JA
Publisher: name: STFC
Year: 2009
Subjects: Fortran 95
parallel
Cholesky factorization
sparse symmetric linear systems
DAG-based
multicore
OpenMP

description: The rapid emergence of multicore machines has led to the need to design new algorithms that are efficient on these architectures. Here, we consider the solution of sparse symmetric positive-definitive linear systems by Cholesky factorization. We were motivated by the successful division of the computation in the dense case into tasks on blocks and use of a task manager to exploit all the parallelism that is available between these tasks , whose dependencies may be represented by a directed acyclic graph (DAG). Our algorithm is built on the assembly tree and subdivides the work at each node into tasks on blocks, whose dependencies may again be represented by a DAG. To limit memory requirements, updates of blocks are performed directly. Our algorithm is implemented within a new solver HSL_MA87. It is written in Fortran 95 plus OpenMP and is avalable as part of the software library HSL. Using problems arising from a range of practical applications, we present experimental results that support our design choices and demonstrate HSL_MA87 obtains good serial and parallel times on our 8-core test machines. Comparisons are made with existing modern solvers and show that HSL_MA876 generally outperforms these solvers, particularly in the case of very large problems.
Horizontal and Upward Tau Airshowers in Valleys from Mountains and Space: Discovering UHE Neutrinos and New Physics
Creators: name: Fargion, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Upward and horizontal tau Air-showers emerging from the Earth crust or mountain chains are the most powerful signals of Ultra High Energy UHE neutrinos nu_{tau}, barν_{tau} and bar{nu}_e at PeVs and higher energy. The multiplicity in tau Air-showers secondary particles, N_{opt}=10^{12}(E_{tau}/PeV), N_{gamma}= 10^8*E_{tau}/PeV, N_{e^- e^+}= 2*10^7 E_{tau}/PeV, N_{mu}= 3 *10^5 (E_{tau}/PeV)^{0.85} make easy their discover. UHE nu_tau,barν_tau, following Super Kamiokande evidence of neutrino flavor mixing, nu_munu_tau, should be as abundant as nu_mu, barν_mu. Also anti-neutrino electrons, barν_e, near the Glashow W resonance energy peak, E_{barν_e} = M^2_W / 2m_e = 6.3*10^{15} eV may generate tau Air-showers. Upward UHE nu_tau- N interaction on Earth crust at horizontal edge and from below, their consequent upward UHE tau air-showers beaming toward high mountains, air-planes, ballons and satellites should flash gamma, mu, X and Cherenkov lights toward detectors. Such upward tau air-shower may already hit nearby satellite GRO gamma detectors flashing them by short, hard, diluted gamma-burst at the edge of BATSE threshold. The tau air-shower may test the UHE neutrino interactions leading to additional fine-tuned test of New TeV Physics both in Mountain Valleys and in Upward showers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, 27th ICRC 2001,HE2.5,Germany
Willingness to Adopt Best Management Practice Bundles by Beef Cattle Operations in an East Tennessee Watershed
Creators: name: Kutz, Alicia M.
name: Clark, Christopher D.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
name: Kutz, Alicia M.
name: Clark, Christopher D.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: Lambert, Dayton M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Best Management Practices
subject: Willingness to Adopt
subject: Water Quality

description: Voluntary programs to reduce nonpoint source pollution are an important component of efforts to reduce water quality degradation in the U.S. Understanding the factors influencing the willingness of nonpoint sources such as farms to participate in these programs is critical to effectively designing and implementing these programs. This study examines factors influencing willingness to adopt four different best management practices—rotational grazing, pasture improvement, stream water crossing, and water tank systems—by beef cattle operations in an East Tennessee watershed. Factors examined include farm and farmer characteristics, farmer attitudes, and a hypothetical incentive program to encourage adoption of these practices. Younger, more educated producers with higher income levels and larger households were more willing to adopt the BMPs. Producers were more willing to adopt pasture improvement and least willing to adopt stream crossings. Producers also seemed willing to adopt a bundle comprised of pasture improvement, rotational grazing and water tanks.
Enhanced, phase coherent, multifractal-like, two-dimensional superconductivity
Creators: name: Fan, Bo
name: García-García, Antonio M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of superconductivity and disorder by solving numerically the Bogoliubov-de-Gennes equations in a two dimensional lattice of size $80\times80$ which makes possible to investigate the weak-coupling limit. In contrast with results in the strong coupling region, we observe enhancement of superconductivity and intriguing multifractal-like features such as a broad log-normal spatial distribution of the order parameter, a parabolic singularity spectrum, and level statistics consistent with those of a disordered metal at the Anderson transition. The calculation of the superfluid density, including small phase fluctuations, reveals that, despite this intricate spatial structure, phase coherence still holds for sufficiently weak disorder. It only breaks down for stronger disorder but before the insulating transition takes place.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, added references, corrected typos
Trigonosphaera Feng
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Radiozoa
Polycystina
Spumellaria
Xiphostylidae
Trigonosphaera

description: Trigonosphaera Feng in Feng, Gu, Jiang & Jin, 2004
 Trigonosphaera Feng in Feng, Gu, Jiang & Jin, 2004: 137.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Trigonosphaera calvata Feng in Feng, Gu, Jiang & Jin, 2004 (Feng et al. 2004: 142, pl. 3, fig. 1-7, pl. 4, fig. 1).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Upper Changhsingian (uppermost Permian), Dongpan section, Dalong Formation, Southern China.
TAXON CODE. — 306.
STATUS. — Valid.
 DIAGNOSIS. — “Test consists of a single round-triangular cortical shell, without medullary shell and internal spicule. The shell is composed of two spongy layers. The two layers are similar in thickness, but different in structure: the inner layer is comprised of large, irregular pore frames and the outer layer, of small, irregular pore frames. Numerous beams connect the two layers.” (Feng in Feng et al. 2004: 137).
REMARK
Some centrally directed remains of the inner layer seem to suggest that there existed a central structure that was later dissolved by fossilization.
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on pages 489-490, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
An Economic Analysis of Three Stockering Systems in the Southeastern United States
Creators: name: Rama, Eric R.
name: Lacy, Curt
name: Rama, Eric R.
name: Lacy, Curt
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: stocker calves
subject: grazing systems
subject: Southeast
subject: forages

description: Deterministic and probabilistic models were developed to calculate returns over variable costs for three stockering systems in the Southeastern United States. Purchasing 350 pound calves in October-November and selling calves weighing 750 pounds in March-April using cool-season forages was determined to be the superior system in terms of projected returns.
Gravitational Waves from Neutron Stars with Large Toroidal B-fields
Creators: name: Cutler, Curt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that NS's with large toroidal B-fields tend naturally to evolve into potent gravitational-wave (gw) emitters. The toroidal field B_t tends to distort the NS into a prolate shape, and this magnetic distortion can easily dominate over the oblateness ``frozen into'' the NS crust. An elastic NS with frozen-in B-field of this magnitude is clearly secularly unstable: the wobble angle between the NS's angular momentum J^i and the star's magnetic axis n_B^i grow on a dissipation timescale until J^i and n_B^i are orthogonal. This final orientation is clearly the optimal one for gravitational-wave (gw) emission. The basic cause of the instability is quite general, so we conjecture that the same final state is reached for a realistic NS. Assuming this, we show that for LMXB's with B_t of order 10^{13}G, the spindown from gw's is sufficient to balance the accretion torque--supporting a suggestion by Bildsten. The spindown rates of most millisecond pulsars can also be attributed to gw emission sourced by toroidal B-fields, and both these sources could be observed by LIGO II. While the first-year spindown of a newborn NS is most likely dominated by em processes, reasonable values of B_t and the (external) dipolar field B_d can lead to detectable levels of gw emission, for a newborn NS in our own galaxy.
description: 7 pages; submitted to PRD; only minor revisions
Food Insecurity and Educational Achievement
Creators: name: Angioloni, Simone
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Houston, Jack
name: Angioloni, Simone
name: Ames, Glenn C.W.
name: Houston, Jack
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Food Security
subject: Analysis of Education
subject: Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology
subject: Education and Inequality

description: This paper investigates the educational achievement for the 5th grade students in Georgia in 2008-2009. The paper employs spatial error regression model to control for the local correlation. The results indicate that the school performance is inversely related to the food insecurity and positively related to the racial diversity.
Analysis of Three Pasture Systems for Grass-fed Beef Production: Labor Use and Profitability
Creators: name: Bhandari, Basu Deb
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
name: Scaglia, Guillermo
name: Bhandari, Basu Deb
name: Gillespie, Jeffrey
name: Scaglia, Guillermo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Grass-fed beef
subject: bermudagrass
subject: ryegrass
subject: dallisgrass

description: Three Louisiana grass-fed beef production pasture systems were evaluated for labor use and profitability for four consecutive years from 2009/10 to 2012/13. Despite requiring greater labor, System 1, which included the lowest number of different forage species, yielded higher profit than System 3, which included the highest number of forage species.
Quantum Game with Restricted Matrix Strategies
Creators: name: Chen, Bo
name: Ma, Ying-Jun
name: Long, Gui Lu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a quantum game played by two players with restricted multiple strategies. It is found that in this restricted quantum game Nash equilibrium does not always exist when the initial state is entangled. At the same time, we find that when Nash equilibrium exists the pay off function is usually different from that in the classical counterpart except in some special cases. This presents an explicit example where quantum game and classical game may differ. When designing a quantum game with limited strategies, the allowed strategy should be carefully chosen according to the type of initial state.
description: 5 pages and 3 figures
Assessing the feasibility of cofiring wood pellets with coal for electricity generation: A real option analysis
Creators: name: Xian, Hui
name: Colson, Gregory
name: Mei, Bin
name: Wetzstein, E. Wetzstein
name: Xian, Hui
name: Colson, Gregory
name: Mei, Bin
name: Wetzstein, E. Wetzstein
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: coal
subject: electricity
subject: real options
subject: wood pellets

description: Real options is employed for investigating the lack of incentives for U.S. coal-power plants to cofire wood pellets. Results indicate that despite a thriving U.S. wood-pellet industry to supply EU demand, the price differential between wood pellets and coal and the muted level of fuel volatility renders U.S. cofiring unsupportable.
Spectroscopic studies of atomic defects and bandgap renormalization in semiconducting monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Jeong, Tae Young
name: Kim, Hakseong
name: Choi, Sang-Jun
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Yee, Ki Ju
name: Kim, Yong-Sung
name: Jung, Suyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Assessing atomic defect states and their ramifications on the electronic properties of two dimensional van der Waals semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides (SC TMDs) is the primary task to expedite multi disciplinary efforts in the promotion of next generation electrical and optical device applications utilizing these low dimensional materials. Here, with electron tunneling and optical spectroscopy measurements with density functional theory, we spectroscopically locate the midgap states from chalcogen atom vacancies in four representative monolayer SC TMDs (MoS2, WS2, MoSe2, WSe2), and carefully analyze the similarities and dissimilarities of the atomic defects in four distinctive materials regarding the physical origins of the missing chalcogen atoms and the implications to SC mTMD properties. In addition, we address both quasiparticle and optical energy gaps of the SC mTMD films and find out many body interactions significantly enlarge the quasiparticle energy gaps and excitonic binding energies, when the semiconducting monolayers are encapsulated by non interacting hexagonal boron nitride layers.
Diploplegma Hinde 1890
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Radiozoa
Polycystina
Spumellaria
Actinommidae
Diploplegma

description: Diploplegma Hinde, 1890
 Diploplegma Hinde, 1890: 48.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Diploplegma cinctum Hinde, 1890 (Hinde 1890: 48, pl. 3, fig. 10).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. —Upper Dapingian-Sandbian, Middle Ordovician from cherts in the Southern Uplands, Scotland.
TAXON CODE. — 308.
 STATUS. — Nomen dubium.
 DIAGNOSIS. — “Liosphaerida with a relatively large inner (cortical?) test of irregularly reticulate or spongy framework and an outer shell of the same structure, the two connected by radial bars. In this genus the inner test is sufficiently large to be regarded as an inner cortical shell, and in this respect it resembles Liosphaera, Haeckel (‘Challenger’ Report, pt. i. p. 76), which has two cortical shells. It differs from Liosphaera, however, in the irregularly reticulate or spongy nature of tests.” (Hinde 1890: 48).
REMARK
It is not possible to determine the nature of this radiolarian from the figured specimen.
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 490, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
Elliptic Gaudin models and elliptic KZ Equations
Creators: name: Gould, Mark D.
name: Zhang, Yao-Zhong
name: Zhao, Shao-You
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gaudin models based on the face-type elliptic quantum groups and the $XYZ$ Gaudin models are studied. The Gaudin model Hamiltonians are constructed and are diagonalized by using the algebraic Bethe ansatz method. The corresponding face-type Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov equations and their solutions are given.
description: LaTex file 18 pages; Errors corrected and references added
Fungal tip growth arising through a codimension-1 global bifurcation
Creators: name: de Jong, T. G.
name: Sterk, A. E.
name: Broer, H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G99, 37N25

description: Tip growth is a growth stage which occurs in fungal cells. During tip growth, the cell exhibits continuous extreme lengthwise growth while its shape remains qualitatively the same. A model for single celled fungal tip growth is given by the Ballistic Ageing Thin viscous Sheet (BATS) model, which consists of a 5-dimensional system of first order differential equations. The solutions of the BATS model that correspond to fungal tip growth arise through a codimension-1 global bifurcation in a 2-parameter family of solutions. In this paper we derive a toy model from the BATS model. The toy model is given by 2-dimensional system of first order differential equations which depend on a single parameter. The main achievement of this paper is a proof that the toy model exhibits an analogue of the codimension-1 global bifurcation in the BATS model. An important ingredient of the proof is a topological method which enables the identification of the bifurcation points. Finally, we discuss how the proof may be generalized to the BATS model.
Thermal lensing in cryogenic sapphire substrates
Creators: name: Tomaru, Takayuki
name: Suzuki, Toshikazu
name: Miyoki, Shinji
name: Uchiyama, Takashi
name: Taylor, C. T.
name: Yamamoto, Akira
name: Shintomi, Takakazu
name: Ohashi, Masatake
name: Kuroda, Kazuaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the reduction of the thermal lensing in cryogenic sapphire mirrors, which is planed to be used in the Large scale Cryogenic Gravitational wave Telescope (LCGT) project. We measured three key parameters of sapphire substrate for thermal lensing at cryogenic temperature. They are optical absorption coefficient, thermal conductivity and temperature coefficient of refractive index at cryogenic temperature. On basis of these measurements, we estimated the shot noise sensitivity of the interferometer with thermal lensing by using a wave-front tracing simulation. We found that thermal lensing in cryogenic sapphire mirrors is negligible.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of 4th Edoaldo Amaldi Conference of Gravitational Waves, 8 - 13 July 2001, The University of Western Australia. Accepted to Classical and Quantum Gravity (Special Issue)
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 495
Creators: name: Snyder, Robert
name: Adams, Duane
name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Stelmaschuk, P. S.
name: Snyder, Robert
name: Adams, Duane
name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Stelmaschuk, P. S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development
Consumer/Household Economics

description: "Seasonal Recreation Properties in Minnesota" and "Alfalfa Dehydration for Rural Industrialization"
Efficient classical simulation of slightly entangled quantum computations
Creators: name: Vidal, Guifre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme to efficiently simulate, with a classical computer, the dynamics of multipartite quantum systems on which the amount of entanglement (or of correlations in the case of mixed-state dynamics) is conveniently restricted. The evolution of a pure state of n qubits can be simulated by using computational resources that grow linearly in n and exponentially in the entanglement. We show that a pure-state quantum computation can only yield an exponential speed-up with respect to classical computations if the entanglement increases with the size n of the computation, and gives a lower bound on the required growth.
description: 4 pages. Major changes. Significantly improved simulation scheme
Open issues on the eas method and mesh distortion insensitive locking-free low-order unsymmetric eas elements
Creators: name: Pfefferkorn, Robin
name: Betsch, Peter
Publisher: name: Scipedia S.L.
Year: 2021
Subjects: FEM
mixed finite elements
enhanced assumed strains
Petrov-Galerkin
unsymmetric FEM

description: One of the most popular mixed finite elements is the enhanced assumed strain (EAS) approach. However, despite numerous advantages there are still some open issues. Three of the most important, namely robustness in nonlinear simulations, hourglassing instabilities and sensitivity to mesh distortion, are discussed in the present contribution. Furthermore, we propose a novel Petrov-Galerkin based EAS method. It is shown that three conditions have to be fulfilled to construct elements that are exact for a specific displacement mode regardless of mesh distortion. The so constructed novel element is lockingfree, exact for bending problems, insensitive to mesh distortion and has improved coarse mesh accuracy.
Social Capital and Cooperation in Central and Eastern Europe – A Framework for Research on Governance
Creators: name: Murray, Catherine
name: Murray, Catherine
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: cooperation
subject: social capital
subject: governance

description: The transition process in central and eastern Europe (CEE) had a profound effect on how individuals interact. Economic and social institutions have changed, requiring an adaptation process by individuals in the move toward a market economy. How each individual accesses, manipulates and uses their networks will determine the use of their social capital. Within CEE, there is a presumption of low levels of social capital. This paper questions the rationale of applying the contested ‘western’ concept of social capital to CEE countries. It argues that although the concept was developed to understand processes within established democratic systems, it nevertheless is instrumental for analysing how trust is formed, and for understanding cooperation amongst individuals. As such, this framework reconciles literature from sociological and economic disciplines and offers a comprehensive framework for the analysis of social capital on a micro level. This involves positing social capital within a game theoretic framework, while including social learning or heuristics. This is particularly important due to the path dependent social structures and institutions, given political changes in these countries in the last century. Social capital is seen as a dynamic entity, a form of institutional change, which leads to innovation in the existing governance structures.
Ehrenbergia Li 1995
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Zygophyllales
Zygophyllaceae
Ehrenbergia

description: Ehrenbergia Li, 1995
 Ehrenbergia Li, 1995: 335.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Ehrenbergia baijingensis Li, 1995 (Li 1995: 335, pl. 1, fig. 10).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Middle Ordovician: Darriwilian, the Baijingsi area in Qinghai Province.
TAXON CODE. — 314.
 STATUS. — Nomen dubium.
DIAGNOSIS. — “Test as with Family (campanulate, without apical horn and aperture). Shell is small, campanulate, single. Whole shell covered by linearly arranged continuous costae. Pores distributed in single row between costae, pores is small. Bottom of shell with a hollow cave.” (Li 1995: 335).
REMARK
It is not possible to determine the nature of this radiolarian from the figured specimen.
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 491, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
Singularity Formation and Global Well-Posedness for the Generalized Constantin-Lax-Majda Equation with Dissipation
Creators: name: Chen, Jiajie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a generalization due to De Gregorio and Wunsch et.al. of the Constantin-Lax-Majda equation (gCLM) on the real line \[ ω_t + a u ω_x = u_x ω- νΛ^γ ω, \quad u_x = H ω, \] where $H$ is the Hilbert transform and $Λ= (-\partial_{xx})^{1/2}$. We use the method in \cite{chen2019finite} to prove finite time self-similar blowup for $a$ close to $\frac{1}{2}$ and $γ=2$ by establishing nonlinear stability of an approximate self-similar profile. For $a>-1$, we discuss several classes of initial data and establish global well-posedness and an one-point blowup criterion for different initial data. For $a\leq-1$, we prove global well-posedness for gCLM with critical and supercritical dissipation.
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 496
Creators: name: Thiele-Wittig, Maria
name: Burk, Marguerite C.
name: Thiele-Wittig, Maria
name: Burk, Marguerite C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1967
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Food Shopping Practices of Upper Income Families in Minneapolis-St. Paul
Additional file 2 of Overexpression of a WRKY transcription factor McWRKY57-like from Mentha canadensis L. enhances drought tolerance in transgenic Arabidopsis
Creators: name: Bai, Yang
name: Zhang, Ting
name: Zheng, Xiaowei
name: Li, Bingxuan
name: Qi, Xiwu
name: Xu, Yu
name: Li, Li
name: Liang, Chengyuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Supplementary Material 2
The multiple holomorph of a semidirect product of groups having coprime exponents
Creators: name: Tsang, Cindy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given any group $G$, the multiple holomorph $\mathrm{NHol}(G)$ is the normalizer of the holomorph $\mathrm{Hol}(G) = ρ(G)\rtimes \mathrm{Aut}(G)$ in the group of all permutations of $G$, where $ρ$ denotes the right regular representation. The quotient $T(G) = \mathrm{NHol}(G)/\mathrm{Hol}G)$ has order a power of $2$ in many of the known cases, but there are exceptions. We shall give a new method of constructing elements (of odd order) in $T(G)$ when $G=A\rtimes C_d$, where $A$ is a group of finite exponent coprime to $d$ and $C_d$ is the cyclic group of order $d$.
description: 12 pages
A variational formulation for steady surface water waves on a Beltrami flow
Creators: name: Groves, Mark D.
name: Horn, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76B15

description: This paper considers steady surface waves `riding' a Beltrami flow (a three-dimensional flow with parallel velocity and vorticity fields). It is demonstrated that the hydrodynamic problem can be formulated as two equations for two scalar functions of the horizontal spatial coordinates, namely the elevation $η$ of the free surface and the potential $Φ$ defining the gradient part (in the sense of the Hodge-Weyl decomposition) of the horizontal component of the tangential fluid velocity there. These equations are written in terms of a nonlocal operator $H(η)$ mapping $Φ$ to the normal fluid velocity at the free surface, and are shown to arise from a variational principle. In the irrotational limit the equations reduce to the Zakharov-Craig-Sulem formulation of the classical three-dimensional steady water-wave problem, while $H(η)$ reduces to the familiar Dirichlet-Neumann operator.
description: 20 pages
Protosegmentum Wang
Creators: name: Noble, Paula
name: Aitchison, Jonathan C.
name: Danelian, Taniel
name: Dumitrica, Paulian
name: Maletz, Jörg
name: Suzuki, Noritoshi
name: Cuvelier, Jessie
name: Caridroit, Martial
name: O'Dogherty, Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Porifera
Hexactinellida
Lyssacinosida
Pseudolanciculidae
Protosegmentum

description: Protosegmentum Wang in Wang, Cheng & Zhang, 2008
 Protosegmentum Wang in Wang, Cheng & Zhang, 2008: 401.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Protosegmentum xinjiangensis Wang in Wang, Cheng & Zhang, 2008 (Wang et al. 2008: 401, pl. 2, figs 6-9, 14).
AGE AND LOCATION OF TYPE MATERIAL. — Middle Ordovician Dapingian, Tarim Basin, Xinjiang, China.
TAXON CODE. — 324.
 STATUS. — Nomen dubium.
 DESCRIPTION. — “Shell long cylindric, composed of cephalous, thoraxinal and abdominal chambers. The abdominal chamber consists of the ring and the furrow interval and there are some pores on the ring.” (Wang in Wang et al. 2008: 401).
REMARK
It is not possible to determine the nature of this radiolarian from the figured specimen.
description: Published as part of Noble, Paula, Aitchison, Jonathan C., Danelian, Taniel, Dumitrica, Paulian, Maletz, Jörg, Suzuki, Noritoshi, Cuvelier, Jessie, Caridroit, Martial & O'Dogherty, Luis, 2017, Taxonomy of Paleozoic radiolarian genera, pp. 419-502 in Geodiversitas 39 (3) on page 493, DOI: 10.5252/g2017n3a4, http://zenodo.org/record/5206585
Auf Äckern und Baustellen aufgelesen: Kleinfunde aus Buntmetall - seltene Zeugnisse des profanen Kunsthandwerks der Karolingerzeit
Creators: name: Fingerlin, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden
Year: 2021

description: Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden, Bd. 74/75 (2007): Archäologische Nachrichten aus Baden