Characterization of ground-based atmospheric pollution and meteorology sampling stations during the Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017
Creators: name: Doak, Austin G.
name: Christiansen, Megan B.
name: Hariprasad D. Alwe
name: Bertram, Timothy H.
name: Carmichael, Gregory
name: Cleary, Patricia
name: Czarnetzki, Alan C.
name: Dickens, Angela F.
name: Janssen, Mark
name: Kenski, Donna
name: Millet, Dylan B.
name: Novak, Gordon
name: Pierce, Bradley R.
name: Stone, Elizabeth A.
name: Szykman, James
name: Vermeuel, Michael
name: Wagner, Timothy J.
name: Valin, Lukas
name: Stanier, Charles O.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) in May and June 2017 enabled study of transport, emissions, and chemical evolution related to ozone air pollution in the Lake Michigan airshed. Two highly instrumented ground sampling sites were part of a wider sampling strategy of aircraft, shipborne, and ground-based mobile sampling. The Zion, Illinois site (on the coast of Lake Michigan, 67 km north of Chicago) was selected to sample higher NO<sub>x</sub> air parcels having undergone less photochemical processing. The Sheboygan, Wisconsin site (on the coast of Lake Michigan, 211 km north of Chicago) was selected due to its favorable location for observation of photochemically aged plumes during ozone episodes involving southerly winds with lake breeze. The study encountered elevated ozone during three multiday periods. Daytime ozone episode concentrations at Zion were 60 ppb for ozone, 3.8 ppb for NO<sub>x</sub>, 1.2 ppb for nitric acid, and 8.2 µg/m<sup>3</sup> for fine particulate matter. At Sheboygan daytime ozone episode concentrations were 60 ppb for ozone, 2.5 ppb for NO<sub>x</sub>, and 2.9 ppb for NO<sub>y</sub>. To facilitate informed use of the LMOS 2017 data repository, we here present comprehensive site description, including airmass influences during high ozone periods of the campaign, overview of meteorological and pollutant measurements, analysis of continuous emission monitor data from nearby large point sources, and characterization of local source impacts from vehicle traffic, large point sources, and rail. Consistent with previous field campaigns and the conceptual model of ozone episodes in the area, trajectories from the southwest, south, and lake breeze trajectories (south or southeast) were overrepresented during pollution episodes. Local source impacts from vehicle traffic, large point sources, and rail were assessed and found to represent less than about 15% of typical concentrations measured. Implications for model-observation comparison and design of future field campaigns are discussed. Implication StatementThe Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) was conducted along the western shore of Lake Michigan, and involved two well-instrumented coastal ground sites (Zion, IL, and Sheboygan, WI). LMOS 2017 data is publicly available, and this paper provides detailed site characterization and measurement summary to enable informed use of repository data. Minor local source impacts were detected but were largely confined to nighttime conditions of less interest for ozone episode analysis and modeling. The role of these sites in the wider field campaign and their detailed description facilitates future campaign planning, informed data repository use, and model-observation comparison. Implication Statement The Lake Michigan Ozone Study 2017 (LMOS 2017) was conducted along the western shore of Lake Michigan, and involved two well-instrumented coastal ground sites (Zion, IL, and Sheboygan, WI). LMOS 2017 data is publicly available, and this paper provides detailed site characterization and measurement summary to enable informed use of repository data. Minor local source impacts were detected but were largely confined to nighttime conditions of less interest for ozone episode analysis and modeling. The role of these sites in the wider field campaign and their detailed description facilitates future campaign planning, informed data repository use, and model-observation comparison.