cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities of crude extracts and subsequent fractions from Potentilla fruticosa L. leaves
Creators: name: Luo, Ziwen
name: Wang, Shanshan
name: Wang, Dongmei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: This work aimed to further investigate the phenolic profiles and antioxidant capacities of the crude extracts and the subsequent fractions of Potentilla fruticosa leaves. Result showed that P. fruticosa leaves contained high amounts for hyperoside, ellagic acid and (+)-catechin contents, and the highest amount being registered for hyperoside (17.67 mg g−1). Nine sub-fractions were obtained after column chromatographic separation. EF-3, EF-4, EF-5 and BF-2 presented higher values for their total phenolic or flavonoid, (+)-catechin, ellagic acid and hyperoside content. Besides, EF-3, EF-4, BF-2 and BF-3 showed significant in vitro antioxidant capacities and protective effects on Escherichia coli under peroxide stress. The correlation between chromatograms and antioxidant activity showed that (+)-catechin, ellagic acid and hyperoside may play crucial roles in the antioxidant capacities of P. fruticosa and could be used as chemical markers for its quality assessment. Moreover, this is the first time P. fruticosa leaves have been systematically studied.
Comprehensive characterization of the in vitro and in vivo metabolites of geniposide in rats using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap–Orbitrap mass spectrometer
Creators: name: Li, Yun
name: Cai, Wei
name: Cai, Qian
name: Che, Yanyun
name: Zhao, Baosheng
name: Zhang, Jiayu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: 1. Geniposide (genipin 1-O-glucose), one of the major bioactive constituents isolated from Fructus Gardeniae, possesses many biological activities. In this study, an efficient strategy was developed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with linear ion trap–Orbitrap mass spectrometer (UPLC–LTQ–Orbitrap) to profile the in vitro and in vivo metabolic patterns of geniposide in rat liver microsomes (RLMs), plasma, urine, and various tissues. And post-acquisition data-mining methods including extracted ion chromatogram (EIC), multiple mass defect filters (MMDF), fragment ion searching (FISh), and isotope pattern filtering (IPF) were adopted to characterize the known and unknown metabolites. 2. A total of 33 metabolites were detected and interpreted according to accurate mass measurement, diagnostic fragment ions, relevant drug biotransformation knowledge, and bibliography data. Among them, 17 metabolites were detected in the plasma, 31 metabolites were identified in the urine, six metabolites could be found in rat heart, 12 in liver, three in spleen, six in lung, 12 in kidney, six in brain, and four in RLMs. 3. A series of corresponding reactions such as hydrolysis, hydroxylation, taurine conjugation, hydrogenation, decarboxylation, demethylation, sulfate conjugation, cysteine S-conjugation, glucosylation, and their composite reactions were all discovered. 4. The results could provide comprehensive insights and guidance for elucidation of side effect mechanism and safety monitoring as well as for rational formulation design in drug delivery system. The newly discovered geniposide metabolites could be targets for future metabolism studies on the important chemical constituents from herbal medicines.
Representations and cohomologies of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras and applications
Creators: name: Jiang, Jun
name: Sheng, Yunhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, first we give the notion of a representation of a relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebra and introduce the cohomologies of a relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebra with coefficients in a representation. Then we classify abelian extensions of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras using the second cohomology group, and classify skeletal relative Rota-Baxter Lie 2-algebras using the third cohomology group as applications. At last, using the established general framework of representations and cohomologies of relative Rota-Baxter Lie algebras, we give the notion of representations of Rota-Baxter Lie algebras, which is consistent with representations of Rota-Baxter associative algebras in the literature, and introduce the cohomologies of Rota-Baxter Lie algebras with coefficients in a representation. Applications are also given to classify abelian extensions of Rota-Baxter Lie algebras and skeletal Rota-Baxter Lie 2-algebras.
description: 26 pages. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2008.06714
Entretien de Waed Hamd al-Badur auprès de Al-Tayib al-Zuwayri à propos du village d'al-Muqar'iyeh (région de Ma'an)
Creators: name: al-Zuwayri, Al-Tayib
name: Waed Hamd Al-Badur (Enquêtrice)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-3139
description: Coverage: Al-Muqar'iyeh (Ma'an, Jordanie)
Two Indonesian Women's Diaries: Between Public and Private
Creators: name: Soe Tjen Marching
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 200516 Indonesian Literature
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Because of the desire of the subject to be alone when s/he writes a diary, a diary gives the impression of secrecy. The “I” of the diary often conjures up an image of a person cloistered in a room, with no one around. While autobiographies are intended to be read by the public, private diaries are usually written to be kept secret. Autobiographies are published, sold and displayed in shops. Thus, the subject of an autobiography has to project him/herself in the world of rhetoric, to an audience. On the other hand, the main reader of the diary is the writer him/herself. The writer writes about him/herself for him/herself when s/he is alone. Despite these obvious differences between autobiographies and diaries, some critics have challenged the distinction between public and private texts, as some diaries are intended for public readership. Judy Nolte Lensink argues that a diary constitutes a “cohesive” autobiography, complete with thematic purpose, person, and distinctive imagery. Likewise, Philippe Lejeune states that some diaries of girls in nineteenth century France were written "in order to be read one day by the general public". Because of the existence of a certain kind of audience in diaries, some critics have tended to down play the differences between public and private writings.
Indeed, two diary writings which I was able to gather in Indonesia show the desire of the writers to be known, to be recognised by a kind of “public”. However, unlike the case of the diaries of French girls highlighted in the work of Lejeune, hardly any of these diary writers intend their diaries to actually be read by the “general public”. Rather, they demonstrate the presence of this “public” as a kind of imagined audience internalised within the subject. Furthermore, the desire for public recognition which they express does not necessarily contradict the private characteristics of diary writings. In this paper, I will discuss that while these two Indonesian women’s diaries indicate the authors’ willingness to appear before an audience or “public”, this willingness also serves to emphasise the private nature of their writings.
The influence of chronic stress on anxiety-like behavior and cognitive function in different human GFAP-ApoE transgenic adult male mice
Creators: name: Meng, Fan-Tao
name: Zhao, Jun
name: Fang, Hui
name: Liu, Ya-Jing
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mental Health
subject: Science Policy
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience

description: The apolipoprotein E (ApoE) ɛ4 allele (ApoE4) is an important genetic risk factor for the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In addition to genetic factors, environmental factors such as stress may play a critical role in AD pathogenesis. This study was designed to investigate the anxiety-like behavioral and cognitive changes in different human glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)-ApoE transgenic adult male mice under chronic stress conditions. On the open field test, anxiety-like behavior was increased in the non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic mice relative to the corresponding GFAP-ApoE3 (ApoE ɛ3 allele) mice. Anxiety-like behavior was increased in the stressed GFAP-ApoE3 mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE3 mice, but was unexpectedly decreased in the stressed GFAP-ApoE4 mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 mice. On the novel object recognition task, both GFAP-ApoE4 and GFAP-ApoE3 mice exhibited long-term non-spatial memory impairment after chronic stress. Interestingly, short-term non-spatial memory impairment (based on the novel object recognition task) was observed only in the stressed GFAP-ApoE4 male mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic mice. In addition, short-term spatial memory impairment was observed in the stressed GFAP-ApoE3 transgenic male mice relative to non-stressed GFAP-ApoE3 transgenic male mice; however, short-term spatial memory performance of GFAP-ApoE4 transgenic male mice was not reduced compared to non-stressed control mice based on the Y-maze task. In conclusion, our findings suggested that chronic stress affects anxiety-like behavior and spatial and non-spatial memory in GFAP-ApoE transgenic mice in an ApoE isoform-dependent manner.
A comparative study between rural and metropolitan contexts on student self-efficacy in secondary school mathematics
Creators: name: Connor, Vincent
Publisher: name: Australian Catholic University
Year: 2021
Subjects: self-efficacy
rural based students
secondary school mathematics
Bronfenbrener’s ecological systems
comparative study

description: As the world moves increasingly into the digital age, social commentators outline the growing importance for school graduates to have in-depth knowledge and understanding of mathematics. However, students are not embracing the need for studying the levels of mathematics required. The drop in the number of students achieving higher levels in benchmark tests is associated with the decline in participation in advanced courses. This phenomenon is considered worse for rural based students than their metropolitan counterparts. A comparative study between rural and metropolitan based secondary school students was established to investigate the reasons for students not participating in the advanced study of mathematics. Self-efficacy in mathematics has a substantial influence on achievement and participation in mathematics. As self-efficacy is formed through a triadic reciprocal determinism between personal characteristics, behaviour and environment, it was anticipated that self-efficacy and its sources would differ between rural and metropolitan locations and explain the difference in participation and achievement in advanced mathematics. Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems were used to explore the environmental influences of student survey data. However, the 869 student surveys from Year 7, 9 and 11 in 6 different schools showed their perceived self-efficacy across a range of mathematical strands, levels of difficulty, and sources were mainly the same for rural and metropolitan based students. These data were further informed by the commentary from 16 teachers, the principals, and the website descriptions of this sample's schools through a mixed-methods process. The outcome of this analysis indicated the drivers of the school were not based on the geolocation but the culture of the school’s system, the school’s organisation and the focus of the teaching and teachers. Good practice drives good schools, not geolocation
Universal autohomeomorphisms of $\mathbb{N}^*$
Creators: name: Hart, Klaas Pieter
name: van Mill, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 54D40, Secondary: 03E50 54A35

description: We study the existence of universal autohomeomorphisms of $\mathbb{N}^*$. We prove that $\mathsf{CH}$ implies there is such an autohomeomorphism and show that there are none in any model where all autohomeomorphisms of $\mathbb{N}^*$ are trivial.
description: Version 2: some corrections and additions after a referee's report
Quantum corrections enhance chaos: study of particle motion near a generalized Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Bera, Avijit
name: Dalui, Surojit
name: Ghosh, Subir
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper is devoted to a detailed study of the effects of quantum corrections on the chaotic behavior in the dynamics of a (massless) probe particle near the horizon of a generalized Schwarzschild black hole. Two possible origins inducing the modification of black hole metric are considered separately; the noncommutative geometry inspired metric (suggested by Nicolini, Smailagic and Spallucci) and the metric with quantum field theoretic corrections (derived by Donoghue). Our results clearly show that in both cases, the metric extensions favour chaotic behavior, namely chaos is attained for relatively lower particle energy. This is demonstrated numerically by exhibiting the breaking of the KAM tori in Poincaré sections of particle trajectories and also via explicit computation of the (positive) Lyapunov exponents of the trajectories.
description: 15 pages, 19 figures, revtex4, tltle changed, clarifications added, now 4 appendices, no change in physics
Removal of fouling species from brackish water reverse osmosis reject stream
Creators: name: G. M. Ayoub
name: L. Korban
name: M. Al-Hindi
name: R. Zayyat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Brine disposal from reverse osmosis (RO) systems remains a major challenge for the desalination industry especially in inland areas where discharge options are very limited. Solutions will entail the introduction of economic treatment processes that will alleviate the brine’s negative impact on the environment and reduce its discharge volume. Such processes could act as an intermediary treatment process for the recycling of the brine through an additional RO stage which, for brackish water (BW) desalination, could lead to saving valuable water while reducing the amount of brine discharge. In this context, the study at hand attempts to evaluate the effectiveness of a one-step chemical process for the treatment of BWRO brine. This study seeks to determine optimal operating conditions relative to type, ratio, and dosage of alkalizing chemicals, pH and temperature, for substantially reducing the concentrations of scaling parameters such as calcium, magnesium, silica, and strontium. The results indicate that precipitation softening at pH = 11.5 using combined chemical dosages of NaOH and Na2CO3 in a ratio of 2:1 leads to substantial removal of calcium and magnesium (>95%) and moderately high removal of strontium and silica (>71%).
Styrene-maleic acid-copolymer conjugated zinc protoporphyrin as a candidate drug for tumor-targeted therapy and imaging
Creators: name: Fang, Jun
name: Tsukigawa, Kenji
name: Liao, Long
name: Yin, Hongzhuan
name: Eguchi, Kanami
name: Maeda, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Previous studies indicated the potential of zinc protoporphyrin (ZnPP) as an antitumor agent targeting to the tumor survival factor heme oxygenase-1, and/or for photodynamic therapy (PDT). In this study, to achieve tumor-targeted delivery, styrene-maleic acid-copolymer conjugated ZnPP (SMA-ZnPP) was synthesized via amide bond, which showed good water solubility, having ZnPP loading of 15%. More importantly, it forms micelles in aqueous solution with a mean particle size of 111.6 nm, whereas it has an apparent Mw of 65 kDa. This micelle formation was not detracted by serum albumin, suggesting it is stable in circulation. Further SMA-ZnPP conjugate will behave as an albumin complex in blood with much larger size (235 kDa) by virtue of the albumin binding property of SMA. Consequently, SMA-ZnPP conjugate exhibited prolonged circulating retention and preferential tumor accumulation by taking advantage of enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effect. Clear tumor imaging was thus achieved by detecting the fluorescence of ZnPP. In addition, the cytotoxicity and PDT effect of SMA-ZnPP conjugate was confirmed in human cervical cancer HeLa cells. Light irradiation remarkably increased the cytotoxicity (IC50, from 33 to 5 μM). These findings may provide new options and knowledge for developing ZnPP based anticancer theranostic drugs.
Preparation and properties of lateral monofluoro-substituted benzoxazole-based mesogenic compounds
Creators: name: Hu, Kun
name: Chen, Pei
name: Weng, Qiang
name: Shi, Dingqian
name: Chen, Ran
name: Chen, Xinbing
name: An, Zhongwei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Physiology
subject: Physics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: A series of 2-(3ʹ-fluoro-4ʹ-alkoxy-1,1ʹ-biphenyl-4-yl)-benzoxazole liquid crystals (coded as nPF(3)PBx) were prepared, where a lateral fluorine substituent, as well as methyl, chlorine and nitro terminal groups, was introduced into the molecules to investigate the effects of different polar substituents on the liquid crystal properties. The mesomorphic and photophysical properties were investigated. The results show that compounds nPF(3)PBx have enantiotropic mesophases; meanwhile, they exhibit UV–vis absorption bands with maxima at 323–326 nm and photoluminescence emission peaks at 389–395 nm, respectively. It is noted that nPF(3)PBx with terminal polar groups or electron-withdrawing groups (NO2, Cl) display higher clearing temperatures and wider mesophase range than those of the corresponding homologues with terminal non-polar groups or electron-donating groups (CH3, H). Meanwhile, compared with two lateral fluorine-substituted analogues containing 3,5-difluorophenyl unit, lateral monofluoro-substituted nPF(3)PBx display enhanced mesophase range both in heating and cooling except for terminal methyl-substituted compounds, as well as show obvious red-shifted UV–vis absorption bands and photoluminescence emission, which are attributed to the enhanced dipole–dipole interaction caused by increased dipole moment.
Direct statistical simulation of the Lorenz63 system
Creators: name: Li, Kuan
name: Marston, J. B.
name: Saxena, Saloni
name: Tobias, Steven M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use direct statistical simulation (DSS) to find the low-order statistics of the well-known dynamical system, the Lorenz63 model. Instead of accumulating statistics from numerical simulation of the dynamical systems, we solve the equations of motion for the statistics themselves after closing them by making several different choices for the truncation. Fixed points of the statistics are obtained either by time evolving, or by iterative methods. Statistics so obtained are compared to those found by the traditional approach.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2103.12741
Détection et analyse de la fissuration d’ouvrages massifs en béton armé en retrait libre : les apports du PN CEOS.fr
Creators: name: Rospars, Claude
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Le contrôle de la fissuration des ouvrages massifs en béton armé ou précontraint est majeur pour assurer leur durabilité et le cas échéant leur étanchéité. Pour ces ouvrages, les effets Thermo-Hydro-Mécaniques (THM), les effets d'échelle et structuraux induisent des comportements à la fissuration particuliers. Pour instruire ces questions, le projet national CEOS.fr a donné lieu à des essais spécifiques, les uns en grandeur réelle sur des blocs massifs (en retrait libre ou en retrait gêné), les autres en laboratoire ou sur maquettes 1/3 (poutres et voiles). De plus, des développements en modélisation en liaison avec le projet MEFISTO de l'Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) ont permis un échange modèle-expériences très bénéfique. Dans cet article, on s’intéressera plus particulièrement au cas des poutres massives en retrait libre testées sous chargement de flexion 4 points (poutres RL). Des techniques de mesures novatrices par corrélation d’images ont été mises en oeuvre pour détecter les fissures au cours du chargement mécanique et déterminer l’évolution des patterns de fissuration avec la charge. Une grande quantité de capteurs, réseaux de Bragg, fibres optiques, capteurs à corde vibrante a également été déployée en surface et dans les corps d’épreuve. L’ensemble de ces données a pu être traité pour éclairer sur le rôle du jeune âge dans les mécanismes de fissuration des blocs épais. Ces résultats ont conduit à proposer des évolutions pour l’estimation de la fissuration de ces structures épaisses sous charge de service pour le dimensionnement à l’ELS [COR 16].
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
Unitarity, clock dependence and quantum recollapse in quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Menéndez-Pidal, Lucía
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue our analysis of a quantum cosmology model describing a flat Friedmann--Lemaître--Robertson--Walker universe filled with a (free) massless scalar field and an arbitrary perfect fluid. For positive energy density in the scalar and fluid, each classical solution has a singularity and expands to infinite volume. When quantising we view the cosmological dynamics in relational terms, using one degree of freedom as a clock for the others. Three natural candidates for this clock are the volume, a time variable conjugate to the perfect fluid, and the scalar field. We have previously shown that requiring unitary evolution in the "fluid" time leads to a boundary condition at the singularity and generic singularity resolution, while in the volume time semiclassical states follow the classical singular trajectories. Here we analyse the third option of using the scalar field as a clock, finding further dramatic differences to the previous cases: the boundary condition arising from unitarity is now at infinity. Rather than singularity resolution, this theory features a quantum recollapse of the universe at large volume, as was shown in a similar context by Pawłowski and Ashtekar. We illustrate the properties of the theory analytically and numerically, showing that the ways in which the different quantum theories do or do not depart from classical behaviour directly arise from demanding unitarity with respect to different clocks. We argue that using a Dirac quantisation would not resolve the issue. Our results further illustrate the problem of time in quantum gravity.
description: 53 pages, 12 figures, matches version accepted for publication
SAIDA ZUNNUNOVA SHE'RLARIDAGI SAMIMIYLIK
Creators: name: Toʻxtarova, Sevinch
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mazkur maqolada o’zbek adabiyotida o’ziga xos o’rniga ega bo’lgan shoira Saida Zunnunova she’rlaridagi betakrorlik, samimiylik, ayollarga xos bo’lgan matonat, sadoqat haqida fikr yuritiladi.
ПОЛИТЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В ИНСТИТУТЕ ЭКОНОМИКИ ЗА 90 ЛЕТ
Creators: name: М. И. ВОЕЙКОВ
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2020
Subjects: политическая экономия
товарно-денежные отношения
собственность
рыночные отношения
Институт экономи

description: В статье рассматривается развитие политэкономических исследований в Ин сти туте экономики РАН за 90 лет его существования. Выделяется особая школа политэкономических исследований Института как реальное направление экономической теории. Суть этого направления состоит в следующем. Для советского периода полит экономические исследования Института доказывали необходимость большего развития товарного производства и рыночных отношений в советской экономике. Для постсоветского периода исследования Института доказывают необходимость большего государственного регулирования экономики и ограничения рыночных отношений.
Axial multi-layer perceptron architecture for automatic segmentation of choroid plexus in multiple sclerosis
Creators: name: Schmidt-Mengin, Marius
name: Ricigliano, Vito A. G.
name: Bodini, Benedetta
name: Morena, Emanuele
name: Colombi, Annalisa
name: Hamzaoui, Mariem
name: Panah, Arya Yazdan
name: Stankoff, Bruno
name: Colliot, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: I.2

description: Choroid plexuses (CP) are structures of the ventricles of the brain which produce most of the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Several postmortem and in vivo studies have pointed towards their role in the inflammatory process in multiple sclerosis (MS). Automatic segmentation of CP from MRI thus has high value for studying their characteristics in large cohorts of patients. To the best of our knowledge, the only freely available tool for CP segmentation is FreeSurfer but its accuracy for this specific structure is poor. In this paper, we propose to automatically segment CP from non-contrast enhanced T1-weighted MRI. To that end, we introduce a new model called "Axial-MLP" based on an assembly of Axial multi-layer perceptrons (MLPs). This is inspired by recent works which showed that the self-attention layers of Transformers can be replaced with MLPs. This approach is systematically compared with a standard 3D U-Net, nnU-Net, Freesurfer and FastSurfer. For our experiments, we make use of a dataset of 141 subjects (44 controls and 97 patients with MS). We show that all the tested deep learning (DL) methods outperform FreeSurfer (Dice around 0.7 for DL vs 0.33 for FreeSurfer). Axial-MLP is competitive with U-Nets even though it is slightly less accurate. The conclusions of our paper are two-fold: 1) the studied deep learning methods could be useful tools to study CP in large cohorts of MS patients; 2)~Axial-MLP is a potentially viable alternative to convolutional neural networks for such tasks, although it could benefit from further improvements.
Botanical Illustration or Flower Painting: Sexuality, Violence and Social Discourse
Creators: name: Dyson, Judy
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Art

description: Botanical illustration and flower painting are regularly designated as separate genres, one scientific, the other art historical, distinctions that are challenged here as problematic given that the art forms share and interrelate in ways that have not been sufficiently considered. As a form of scientific representation, botanical illustration assists in plant classification, conservation and exploitation, and has avoided critique due to its protection within the privileged discipline of science. However, botanical illustration has a long genealogy that participated in developing cultural concepts of aesthetics, religion, and society long before Linnaean classificatory systems brought about a proliferation of plant illustration in the eighteenth century. Botanical illustration became a tool recording imperialist endeavours to tame and utilise nature through processes of documentation and collection, and was intimately associated with medical, social, economic and racial practices during the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. Botanical illustration cannot exist in scientific isolation outside of its historical connections, since even the most basic depiction exists within a broad socio-cultural perspective.
Fermionic many-body localization for random and quasiperiodic systems in the presence of short- and long-range interactions
Creators: name: Vu, DinhDuy
name: Huang, Ke
name: Li, Xiao
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study many-body localization (MBL) for interacting one-dimensional lattice fermions in random (Anderson) and quasiperiodic (Aubry-Andre) models, focusing on the role of interaction range. We obtain the MBL quantum phase diagrams by calculating the experimentally relevant inverse participation ratio (IPR) at half-filling using exact diagonalization methods and extrapolating to the infinite system size. For short-range interactions, our results produce in the phase diagram a qualitative symmetry between weak and strong interaction limits. For long-range interactions, no such symmetry exists as the strongly interacting system is always many-body localized, independent of the effective disorder strength, and the system is analogous to a pinned Wigner crystal. We obtain various scaling exponents for the IPR, suggesting conditions for different MBL regimes arising from interaction effects.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Andrew Milner and Jeffrey Browitt, Contemporary Cultural Theory. 3rd Ed. Crows Nest: Allen and Unwin, 2002. ISBN: 1865088080 [Book review]
Creators: name: Cooke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 200525 Literary Theory
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The third and most recent edition of Contemporary Cultural Theory, now a collaborative work of Andrew Milner and Jeffrey Browitt, sees also the revision of most of the text. It should surprise few that the third edition displays an even greater range of contemporary theoretical approaches to the analysis of culture. It goes without saying that such a smorgasbord will always come at the expense of considered digestion. But this is not the aim of the text. As Milner and Browitt state in the first chapter, “the greater promise [of defining cultural studies] lies . . . not in the discovery of a new subject matter, nor even in the ‘deconstruction’ of the disciplinary boundaries that demarcated literature from fiction, art from culture, elite from popular; but rather in the development of new methods of analysis for both” (9).
АГРАРНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ В 90-ЛЕТНЕЙ ИСТОРИИ ИНСТИТУТА ЭКОНОМИКИ РАН: ЛЮДИ И СУДЬБЫ
Creators: name: А. Г. ЗЕЛЬДНЕР
name: Б. Е. ФРУМКИН
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2020
Subjects: сельское хозяйство
Институт экономики
аграрные исследования
эффективность.

description: Ретроспективный взгляд на становление российской аграрной науки ХХ в. всегда вызывает острую боль в сердце. Развитие аграрных исследований в Институте экономики Академии наук СССР происходило в очень сложное время: в стране свернули НЭП, власть сосредоточивалась у И.В. Сталина – жесткого сторонника коллективизации в сельском хозяйстве. Ломались судьбы миллионов крестьян. Отход от линии партии жестоко наказывался. Тем не менее в такой обстановке честно работали и отстаивали свои убеждения наши коллеги. Их памяти и посвящается предлагаемая статья, размеры которой не позволили отметить всех тех, кто развивал аграрную науку, и кто помогал им в этом.
It Feels Like Home: Hospitality in a Postcolonial Space
Creators: name: Tregoning, William
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 200599 Literary Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The idea of community makes me claustrophobic. When I think of community, like Derrida, I think of defence, of walls and of exclusion. I think of words like ‘un-Australian’ and phrases like “threat to the community.” I am sceptical about the usefulness of community as a model for ‘being-with-others’ because it seems to perpetuate rather than address the conditions from which its apparent necessity arises. As part of the project of constructing an inside— a place of belonging and identity—community also involves the delineation of boundaries which mark it off from a space ‘outside.’ It creates ‘un-belonging’ in the same movement as it creates belonging; the entry of those who do not belong is inhibited in the name of the community identity. I am fascinated by the prospect that Derrida’s model of hospitality might offer a way out of community. This is far more than the simple substitution of one word or concept for another. The radical difference is that hospitality is founded on an ideal of welcoming the other, while community is founded on the other’s exclusion in the name of unity. This does not mean, as Derrida is fully aware, that hospitality is unproblematic and endlessly ‘good.’ But it does mean that there are possibilities in hospitality for ways of being-with-others which are inaccessible through community. Thinking about community, I thought of Margaret Somerville’s Body/Landscape Journals, which I had encountered in the past and ‘remembered’ as being all ‘about’ communities. It is difficult to briefly describe Body/Landscape Journals, but perhaps it can be called a collection of stories about Somerville’s anxiously negotiated sense of belonging as a settler in an Australian postcolonial space. When I went back to Body/Landscape Journals, I was surprised to realise that it is not ‘about’ communities, in that community is almost never explicitly addressed. But it is consciously, critically, anxiously about being-with-others and about negotiating difference. In my remembering of the text I forgot, I suppose, that Somerville’s project was to negotiate difference rather than to solidify sameness as “community.”
Rapid build-up of the stellar content in the protocluster core SPT2349$-$56 at $z\,{=}\,4.3$
Creators: name: Hill, Ryley
name: Chapman, Scott
name: Phadke, Kedar A.
name: Aravena, Manuel
name: Archipley, Melanie
name: Ashby, Matthew L. N.
name: Bethermin, Matthieu
name: Canning, Rebecca E. A.
name: Gonzalez, Anthony
name: Greve, Thomas R.
name: Gururajan, Gayathri
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Hezaveh, Yashar
name: Jarugula, Sreevani
name: MacIntyre, Duncan
name: Marrone, Daniel P.
name: Miller, Tim
name: Rennehan, Douglas
name: Reuter, Cassie
name: Rotermund, Kaja
name: Scott, Douglas
name: Spilker, Justin
name: Vieira, Joaquin D.
name: Wang, George
name: Weiss, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The protocluster SPT2349$-$56 at $z\,{=}\,4.3$ contains one of the most actively star-forming cores known, yet constraints on the total stellar mass of this system are highly uncertain. We have therefore carried out deep optical and infrared observations of this system, probing rest-frame ultraviolet to infrared wavelengths. Using the positions of the spectroscopically-confirmed protocluster members, we identify counterparts and perform detailed source deblending, allowing us to fit spectral energy distributions in order to estimate stellar masses. We show that the galaxies in SPT2349$-$56 have stellar masses proportional to their high star-formation rates, consistent with other protocluster galaxies and field submillimetre galaxies (SMGs) around redshift 4. The galaxies in SPT2349$-$56 have on average lower molecular gas-to-stellar mass fractions and depletion timescales than field SMGs, although with considerable scatter. We construct the stellar-mass function for SPT2349$-$56 and compare it to the stellar-mass function of $z\,{=}\,1$ galaxy clusters, finding consistent shapes between the two. We measure rest-frame galaxy ultraviolet half-light radii from our HST-F160W imaging, finding that on average the galaxies in our sample are similar in size to typical star-forming galaxies at these redshifts. However, the brightest HST-detected galaxy in our sample, found near the luminosity-weighted centre of the protocluster core, remains unresolved at this wavelength. Hydrodynamical simulations predict that the core galaxies will quickly merge into a brightest cluster galaxy, thus our observations provide a direct view of the early formation mechanisms of this class of object.
description: Submitted to MNRAS Sept. 3, 2021 Accepted by MNRAS Dec, 4, 2021
Magnon Condensation in Dimerized Antiferromagnets with Spin-Orbit Coupling
Creators: name: Zhao, Qi-Rong
name: Sun, Meng-Jie
name: Liu, Zheng-Xin
name: Wang, Jiucai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of triplet excitations triggered by a magnetic field, sometimes called magnon BEC, in dimerized antiferromagnets gives rise to a long-range antiferromagnetic order in the plane perpendicular to the applied magnetic field. To explore the effects of spin-orbit coupling on magnon condensation, we study a spin model on a distorted honeycomb lattice with dimerized Heisenberg exchange ($J$ terms) and uniform off-diagonal exchange ($Γ'$ terms) interactions. Via variational Monte Carlo calculations and spin-wave theory, we find that an out-of-plane magnetic field can induce different types of long-range magnetic orders, no matter if the ground state is a non-magnetic dimerized state or an ordered Néel state. Furthermore, the critical properties of field-driven phase transitions in the presence of spin-orbit couplings, as illustrated from spin-wave spectrum and interpreted by effective field theory, can be different from the conventional magnon BEC. Our study is helpful to understand the rich phases of spin-orbit coupled antiferromagnets induced by magnetic fields.
ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ФЕДЕРАЛИЗМА, РЕГИОНАЛЬНОЙ ПОЛИТИКИ И МЕСТНОГО САМОУПРАВЛЕНИЯ
Creators: name: Е. М. БУХВАЛЬД
name: С. Д. ВАЛЕНТЕЙ
name: А. В. ОДИНЦОВА
Publisher: name: Вестник Института экономики РАН
Year: 2020
Subjects: федерализм
регионы
региональная политика
пространственное развитие экономики
местное самоуправление

description: В статье рассматриваются основные этапы и ключевые направления исследований в области пространственного развития советской, позднее – российской экономики; региональной политики государства, институтов федерализма и местного самоуправления. Показано, что данные исследования в основном ориентировались на формирование условий и предпосылок максимально полного использования особого пространственного фактора развития национальной экономики. Акцентируется внимание на том, что осуществление социально-политических и экономических реформ в России позволило не только активизировать исследования по вопросам российского федерализма и местного самоуправления как института гражданского общества, но и наметить пути усиления вклада федеративных отношений и муници пального управления в решение актуальных хозяйственных и социальных задач страны.
Mesure de viscosité: les limites d’un rhéomètre à géométrie vane
Creators: name: Pierre, Alexandre
name: Perrot, Arnaud
name: Histace, Aymeric
name: Gharsalli, Saber
name: Kadri, El-Hadj
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2020

description: Cette étude présente des résultats d’essais rhéologiques, réalisés avec une géométrie vane et dans une configuration à entrefer large, sur des suspensions d'argile. L’étude est focalisée sur la façon dont une mesure de la viscosité ne peut être efficace pour deux raisons: les limites de la géométrie vane elle-même et les limites de la suspension en fonction de sa teneur en particules solides. L'analyse d'image du cisaillement du matériau est réalisée pour analyser le régime d'écoulement. En fonction de la fraction volumique des particules solides dans le mélange, nous relions le comportement macroscopique au régime rhéophysique de l'écoulement des suspensions en corrélant l'analyse d'image et les mesures issues du rhéomètre. Ce travail a deux objectifs: le premier est de décrire les phénomènes physiques qui contrôlent le comportement rhéologique macroscopique et le second est de mettre en évidence les limites de la géométrie vane pour mesurer la viscosité des suspensions minérales, comme des pâtes de kaolinite.
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 34 No 1 (2016): Special Issue - RUGC 2016 Liège
Osteoporotic fractures and associated hospitalizations among patients treated with teriparatide compared to a matched cohort of patients not treated with teriparatide
Creators: name: Boytsov, Natalie
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Sugihara, Tomoko
name: Taylor, Kathleen
name: Swindle, Ralph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: To compare fractures and fracture-related resource utilization (RU) among patients with a recent fracture and treated with teriparatide (TPTD) to a matched cohort of patients not treated with TPTD (non-TPTD). Women aged 50 years or older initiating TPTD (N = 5314; index date between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2012) were identified in an insurance claims database. Patients with fragility fracture (hip, pelvis, clavicle, humerus, wrist, leg or spine) during the 12 months prior to the index date (N = 1164) were selected to control for unmeasured confounding due to absence of bone mineral density test levels. TPTD patients were matched to the non-TPTD cohort using propensity score and exact matching (N = 912). Relative risk (RR) of fracture and fracture-related RU were estimated by Cox proportional hazard modeling, adjusted for potential fracture risk factors. Fractures were observed in 4.6%, 8.6%, 10.3%, and 11.3% of TPTD patients and in 9.2%, 15.2%, 19.2% and 21.7% of non-TPTD patients over 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. The adjusted RR reduction in TPTD was 36% (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.94) during 6 months, 27% (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54–0.97) during 12 months, 28% (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.93) during 18 months, and 28% (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92) during 24 months versus matched non-TPTD patients. Fracture-related RU followed a similar trend to that observed for fracture risk. This real-world study found TPTD to be more effective in reducing risk of fragility fractures as early as 6 months with continuous treatment benefit up to 24 months compared to a matched non-TPTD cohort. TPTD patients experienced lower rates of fracture-related RU than non-TPTD patients. Key study limitations include the inability to confirm reported diagnostic and procedural codes and the absence of uninsured and individually insured patients in the claims database.
Osteoporotic fractures and associated hospitalizations among patients treated with teriparatide compared to a matched cohort of patients not treated with teriparatide
Creators: name: Boytsov, Natalie
name: Zhang, Xiang
name: Sugihara, Tomoko
name: Taylor, Kathleen
name: Swindle, Ralph
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Hematology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: Objective:To compare fractures and fracture-related resource utilization (RU) among patients with a recent fracture and treated with teriparatide (TPTD) to a matched cohort of patients not treated with TPTD (non-TPTD).Research design and methods:Women aged 50 years or older initiating TPTD (N = 5314; index date between 1 January 2007 and 31 December 2012) were identified in an insurance claims database. Patients with fragility fracture (hip, pelvis, clavicle, humerus, wrist, leg or spine) during the 12 months prior to the index date (N = 1164) were selected to control for unmeasured confounding due to absence of bone mineral density test levels. TPTD patients were matched to the non-TPTD cohort using propensity score and exact matching (N = 912). Relative risk (RR) of fracture and fracture-related RU were estimated by Cox proportional hazard modeling, adjusted for potential fracture risk factors.Results:Fractures were observed in 4.6%, 8.6%, 10.3%, and 11.3% of TPTD patients and in 9.2%, 15.2%, 19.2% and 21.7% of non-TPTD patients over 6, 12, 18, and 24 months, respectively. The adjusted RR reduction in TPTD was 36% (RR = 0.64, 95% CI: 0.44–0.94) during 6 months, 27% (RR = 0.73, 95% CI: 0.54–0.97) during 12 months, 28% (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.93) during 18 months, and 28% (RR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.56–0.92) during 24 months versus matched non-TPTD patients. Fracture-related RU followed a similar trend to that observed for fracture risk.Conclusions:This real-world study found TPTD to be more effective in reducing risk of fragility fractures as early as 6 months with continuous treatment benefit up to 24 months compared to a matched non-TPTD cohort. TPTD patients experienced lower rates of fracture-related RU than non-TPTD patients. Key study limitations include the inability to confirm reported diagnostic and procedural codes and the absence of uninsured and individually insured patients in the claims database.