cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blockchain in Journalism
Creators: name: Ivancsics, Bernat
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Journalism
Journalism--Technological innovations
Press--Economic aspects
Blockchains (Databases)

description: Blockchain, like the internet, or democracy, or money, is many overlapping things. It is a decentralized record of cryptocurrency transactions. It is a peer-to-peer network of computers. It is an immutable, add-on-only database. What gets confusing is the way in which these overlapping functions override one definition or explanation of blockchain, only to replace it with an altogether different one. The conceptual overlaps are like glass lenses dropped on top of one another, scratching each other’s surface and confusing each other’s focal dimensions. This guide takes apart the stack of these conceptual lenses and addresses them one by one through the reconstruction of the basic elements of blockchain technology. The first section of this report gives a short history of blockchain, then describes its main functionality, distinguishing between private and public blockchains. Next, the guide breaks down the components and inner workings of a block and the blockchain. The following section focuses on blockchain’s journalistic applications, specifically by differentiating between targeted solutions that use blockchain to store important metadata journalists and media companies use on a daily basis, and hybrid solutions that include targeted solutions but introduce cryptocurrency, therein changing the journalistic business model altogether. Finally, the report speculates on the proliferation of what are known as Proof-of-Stake blockchain models, the spread of “smart contracts,” and the potential of enterprise-level and government-deployed blockchains, all in relation to what these mean to newsrooms and the work of reporters.
Anthurium talamancae Engl.
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Anthurium
Anthurium talamancae

description: Anthurium talamancae Engl. (Fig. 5D) Material examined. Parque Nacional Darién. Serranía de Pirre, Rancho Plástico; 07°59′13″N, 077°42′28″W; 1127 m; 30 Jul. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2639 (PMA). Identification. This species is characterized by its epiphytic habit, short stems and internodes, intact and deciduous cataphylls in most of the upper nodes, subcordate (sometimes slightly cordate) blades, three to five pairs of basal veins (usually three fused together and two free), 10 to 13 primary lateral veins per side, green reflexed spathes and violet spadices. Previously, it was considered a synonym of Anthurium cuspidatum Mast. (Croat 1986; Grayum 2003), but is now currently considered an accepted name (see Croat and Ortiz 2016). Anthurium talamancae is similar to the sympatrics Anthurium sp. 3 and A. cerropirrense Croat, but both differs mainly in having free basal veins and reddish to reddish-purple spadices (for more differences, see the notes on both species). Distribution and ecology. Costa Rica, Colombia, and Panama. This species is relatively rare on Cerro Pirre. Along the elevation gradient it only ocurrs in the montane cloud forest above 1100 m. Generally, it grows as an epiphyte on the lower branches of the host trees (between 3 and 5 m).
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 671, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651
description: {"references": ["Grayum MH (2003) Araceae. In: Hammel BE, Grayum MH, Herrera C, Zamora N (Eds) Manual de Plantas de Costa Rica Vol. 2 Gimnospermas y Monocotiledoneas (Agavaceae-Musaceae). Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St Louis, 59 - 200.", "Croat TB, Ortiz OO (2016) A Reappraisal of the Anthurium cuspida- tum Masters Complex, section Polyneurium (Araceae). Aroideana 39: 134 - 186."]}
Completions of fans
Creators: name: Rohrer, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B99 (Primary) 52A21 (Secondary)

description: In a finite-dimensional real vector space furnished with a rational structure with respect to a subfield of the field of real numbers, every (simplicial) rational semifan is contained in a complete (simplicial) rational semifan. In this paper this result is proved constructively on use of techniques from polyhedral geometry.
description: minor corrections
Can apparent superluminal neutrino speeds be explained as a quantum weak measurement?
Creators: name: Berry, M. V.
name: Brunner, N.
name: Popescu, S.
name: Shukla, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Probably not.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure
Technical amenability study of laboratory-scale sensor-based ore sorting on a Mississippi Valley type lead-zinc ore
Creators: name: Tong, Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Automatic sensor-based sorting is a clean preconcentration technique that can be used to separate valuable ore rock from waste rock based on the difference of the detected physical properties. This research evaluated the amenabilities of a Mississippi Valley type lead-zinc ore sample from Pend Oreille Mine to X-ray Fluorescence Sorting, X-ray Transmission Sorting, Optical Sorting and Microwave-Infrared Sorting using laboratory-scale bench-top sensing systems. A methodology for laboratory-scale quick evaluation of the amenability of an ore sample to automatic sensor-based sorting using bench-top sensor systems was generated as reference for future study. The preliminary testwork results showed that the two X-ray methods exhibited the best sorting results. About 37.7%~52.8% of the feed mass could be rejected as waste while above 95% of the lead and zinc was recovered in the product. The sorting feed (-37.5+26.5 mm) could be upgraded by a factor of 1.5~2. The optical sorting method seemed not as effective as the X-ray methods. Only 18.8% of the sorting test feed (-37.5+26.5 mm) was rejected to maintain above 95% metal recovery in the product. The test feed was upgraded by a factor of 1.2. Microwave-Infrared sorting results demonstrated that carbonate gangue mineral does not heat when exposed to microwave heating, while lead-zinc bearing sulfide does. Factors such as particle size, heating time and quantity of particles being heated at a time would influence microwave heating of rocks. Sorting feed of -19+13.2 mm presented the best segregation results after 10s of microwave heating. Above 95% of lead and zinc was recovered in a mass yield of 70% to the product. The test feed was upgraded by a factor of 1.4. The preconcentrate of X-ray Fluorescence sorting had a bond work index 12% smaller than that of the feed ore. The overall metal (lead and zinc) recoveries and grades in the flotation products were also improved after XRF sorting. The costs of both the grinding and the flotation reagent could also be reduced due to the reduction of the feed mass by rejecting the dolomitic gangue minerals up to 50%.
Dieffenbachia isthmia Croat
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Dieffenbachia
Dieffenbachia isthmia

description: Dieffenbachia isthmia Croat (Fig. 2D) Material examined. Cerro Pirre, vicinity of station along Río Perisenico; 08°01′N, 077°44′W; 110 m; 26 Jul. 1994; T. B. Croat 77115 (MO). Ibid., Rancho Plástico, camino hacia la cima del Cerro; 07°59′49″N, 077°42′45″W; 636 m; 15 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2581 (PMA). Identification. This species is characterized by its relatively small size (usually up to 1 m), as well as by having milky sap, subcordate blades, blackish (when dry), rounded or auriculate petiole sheaths at apex and spadices with a sterile region. In the field, this species can be vegetatively confused with juvenile individuals of Dieffenbachia longispatha Engl. & K. Krause, which differs in having brownish-green blades (when dry) and decurrent petiole sheaths at apex. Distribution and ecology. Colombia and Panama. Dieffenbachia isthmia represents a common species in the semideciduous and evergreen forests of Cerro Pirre. It usually grows below 800 m, and it is common to find them growing in colonies along rivers and streams.
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 673, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651
Co-teachers’ Coordinated Gestures as Resources for Giving Instructions in the EFL Classroom
Creators: name: Song, Gahye
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
English language--Study and teaching--Foreign speakers--Methodology
Gesture
Classroom management

description: Giving instructions for a classroom activity can be a tricky business in an English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classroom, especially when the students’ proficiency level is low and the instruction is composed of multiple steps. Teachers may depend on linguistic resources only so far as students can understand the words and grammar used, which limits the scope of verbal communication in giving instructions. When an instruction is composed of multiple steps, signaling when to carry out an individual component in the instruction may also require additional interactional work. Previous research on gesture in language classrooms has largely focused on gesture as a means to provide comprehensible input (e.g., Lazaraton, 2004; Taleghani-Nikazm, 2008) or its role in error correction (e.g., Muramoto, 1999). Gesture as a component of classroom management technique, e.g., regulating turn-taking traffic between a teacher’s instruction-giving and students’ response production, has rarely been discussed in the literature so far. This short analysis illustrates one way through which two co-teachers signal the completion of instruction-giving and elicit students’ response to the instruction (i.e., compliance). It will be shown that co-teachers’ simultaneous gesturing, with or without accompanying verbal instruction, adds clarity to the instruction as something to be responded to immediately. In other words, when co-teachers produce the same gesture simultaneously, students tend to take it as a signal to carry out the instructed action.
Information gap for classical and quantum communication in a Schwarzschild spacetime
Creators: name: Hosler, Dominic
name: van de Bruck, Carsten
name: Kok, Pieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Communication between a free-falling observer and an observer hovering above the Schwarzschild horizon of a black hole suffers from Unruh-Hawking noise, which degrades communication channels. Ignoring time dilation, which affects all channels equally, we show that for bosonic communication using single and dual rail encoding the classical channel capacity reaches a finite value and the quantum coherent information tends to zero. We conclude that classical correlations still exist at infinite acceleration, whereas the quantum coherence is fully removed.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
KI-Kompetenzen für die ÖV –  Was kann/soll das sein?
Creators: name: Zellhöfer, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: digital transformation
artificial intelligence
public management
ai act
competencies

description: Der Foliensatz von Prof. Dr.-Ing. David Zellhöfer thematisiert den Einsatz und die notwendigen Kompetenzen im Bereich der Künstlichen Intelligenz (KI) in der öffentlichen Verwaltung (ÖV). Die Kernpunkte sind:

1. Einführung und Zielsetzung

Bedeutung von KI-Kompetenzen in der Verwaltung.

Überblick über bestehende KI-Verordnungen (z.B. Art. 4 KI-VO).

Vorstellung der Agenda mit einem Fokus auf technische Lösungen, Herausforderungen und strategische Implikationen.

2. Definition von KI und maschinellem Lernen

Unterschiedliche KI-Definitionen aus der Informatik und Verwaltungswelt.

Erklärung grundlegender Konzepte wie regelbasierte Systeme, Recommender-Systeme, NLP, Mustererkennung und Robotik.

Abgrenzung: KI als Werkzeug, nicht als „denkendes“ System.

3. Generative KI und Large Language Models (LLM)

Funktionsweise und Training von LLMs (z.B. statistische Wahrscheinlichkeiten, Token, Embeddings).

Probleme wie Bias, Halluzinationen und hoher Energieverbrauch.

Fehlendes „Verständnis“ von Sprache – KI generiert lediglich wahrscheinliche Token-Sequenzen.

4. Herausforderungen bei der Nutzung in der Verwaltung

Verwaltungsprozesse sind stark regelbasiert und datenbankgestützt (Boolean Logic vs. probabilistische KI).

Herausforderung der Verlässlichkeit: KI kann plausible, aber falsche Antworten liefern („Halluzinationen“).

Anpassung der Nutzungskompetenz erforderlich.

5. Notwendige Kompetenzen in der öffentlichen Verwaltung

Strategische Kompetenzen: Langfristige Planung, Akzeptanzmanagement, Digital Leadership.

Technische Kompetenzen: Verständnis für Bias, Datenqualität, Funktionsweise von KI.

Nutzerkompetenzen: Kritischer Umgang mit KI-Ergebnissen, Reflexion der Limitationen.

6. Handlungsempfehlungen und Zukunftsfragen

Verwaltung sollte KI nicht aus Trendgründen, sondern für echten Mehrwert einsetzen.

Rechtlicher Rahmen muss ausgeschöpft, aber bewusst genutzt werden.

Notwendigkeit einer strukturierten Kompetenzvermittlung in der Verwaltung.

Offene Frage: Auf welche KI-Technologie sollte die Verwaltung setzen (OpenAI, OpenGPT-X, DeepSeek)?

Fazit

Die Implementierung von KI in der öffentlichen Verwaltung erfordert nicht nur technologische, sondern auch strategische, organisatorische und rechtliche Anpassungen. Es geht weniger um eine vollständige Automatisierung, sondern um eine intelligente Unterstützung administrativer Prozesse.

(generiert duch ChatGPT 4o)
title: Do climate patterns explain by themselves the oscillations observed for the Bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) at the Gibraltar Strait-Western Mediterranean almadrabas traps catches since 1525 to 1969?
Creators: name: Caballero-Alfonso, Ángela M.
name: Ganzedo-López, U.
name: Trujillo-Santan, A.
name: del Pino, A. Santana
name: Castro-Hernández, J. J.
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In the Gibraltar Strait-Western Mediterranean, the bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) has been caught for centuries using trapnets (‘almadraba’ in Spanish terminology). The first evidence dates roughly from 900 years BC. Historical registers of these catches reveals a decreasing trend, almost regularly, between 1525 and 1995, with some cyclical fluctuations. However, and in order to minimise the overfishing effects, we have considered for our analyses only the period from 1525 until 1969. The markedly and heterogeneous seesaw that can be observed in the almadraba capture series, seems to show the influence of climatic factors on the fisheries. Time series analysis was carried out for different climatic variables, over the last 400 years, and compared with bluefin tuna capture series obtained from various almadraba datasets from the Gibraltrar strait area and Western Mediterranean Sea. Results highlights that the low temperature occurred during the Gleissberg minimums (i.e.: Spörer, Maunder and Dalton Minimum’s) might have produced a significantly decrease in tuna recruitment and abundance in the North Atlantic and Mediterranean Sea. Our results indicate that environmental factors play a key role on the tuna population dynamic, as well as the efficiency with which the trapnets sample them.
Dieffenbachia longispatha Engl. & K. Krause
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Dieffenbachia
Dieffenbachia longispatha

description: Dieffenbachia longispatha Engl. & K. Krause (Fig. 2E) Material examined. Middle slopes on W side of Cerro Pirre; 07°57′N, 077°46′W; 550–760 m; 28 Jun. 1988; T. B. Croat 68854 (MO). Parque Nacional Darién, vicinity of Cerro Pirre base camp, along trail near E side of Río Paracida; 08°00′N, 077°48′W; 0–80 m; 1 Jul. 1988; T. B. Croat 68971 (MO). Ibid., vicinity of station along Río Perisenico; 08°01′N, 077°44′W; 110 m; 26 Jul. 1994; T. B. Croat 77101 (MO). Ibid., Cerro Pirre, campamento cerca del segundo mirador; 07°59′43″N, 077°42′39″W; 708 m; 2 Dec. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2704 (PMA). Identification. This species is characterized by its terrestrial and robust plants (usually greater than 1 m) with copious milky sap, a strong foul aroma, greenish blades when dry, decurrent petiole sheaths at apex and spadices with the sterile medial region. Croat (2004) included a specimen (Croat 68854) collected at Cerro Pirre under D. nitidipetiolata Croat & Grayum, but it turned out to be D. longispatha. D. nitidipetiolata differs from D. longispatha by having very glossy petioles (similar to a varnished surface) and female portion of spadix with moderately closely spaced pistils Distribution and ecology. Colombia and Panama. It is relatively common on Cerro Pirre. It grows both in the semideciduous and evergreen forests, usually between 150 and 800 m. It usually forms colonies on flat sites near the banks of streams or in semi-shady forested areas.
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 673, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651
description: {"references": ["Croat TB (2004) Revision of Dieffenbachia (Araceae) of Mexico, Central America, and the West Indies. Annals of the Missouri Botanical Garden 91: 668 - 772."]}
title: Comparative Study of Printed Multilayer OLED Fabrication through Slot Die Coating, Gravure and Inkjet Printing, and Their Combination
Creators: name: Merklein, Lisa
name: Daume, Dominik
name: Braig, Felix
name: Schlisske, Stefan
name: Rödlmeier, Tobias
name: Mink, Marvin
name: Kourkoulos, Dimitrios
name: Ulber, Benjamin
name: Di Biase, Manuela
name: Meerholz, Klaus
name: Hernandez-Sosa, Gerardo
name: Lemmer, Uli
name: Sauer, Hans Martin
name: Dörsam, Edgar
name: Scharfer, Philip
name: Schabel, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: In this study, multilayer organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) consisting of three solution-processed layers are fabricated using slot die coating, gravure printing, and inkjet printing, techniques that are commonly used in the industry. Different technique combinations are investigated to successively deposit a hole injection layer (poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT:PSS)), a cross-linkable hole transport layer (N,N′-bis(4-(6-((3-ethyloxetan-3-yl)methoxy)-hexyloxy)phenyl)-N,N′-bis(4-methoxyphenyl)biphenyl-4,4′-diamin (QUPD)), and a green emissive layer (TSG-M) on top of each other. In order to compare the application techniques, the ink formulations have to be adapted to the respective process requirements. First, the influence of the application technique on the layer homogeneity of the different materials is investigated. Large area thickness measurements of the layers based on imaging color reflectometry (ICR) are used to compare the application techniques regarding the layer homogeneity and reproducible film thickness. The total stack thickness of all solution-processed layers of 32 OLEDs could be reproduced homogeneously in a process window of 30 nm for the technique combination of slot die coating and inkjet printing. The best efficiency of 13.3 cd A⁻¹ is reached for a process combination of slot die coating and gravure printing. In order to enable a statistically significant evaluation, in total, 96 OLEDs were analyzed and the corresponding 288 layers were measured successively to determine the influence of layer homogeneity on device performance.
Signaling Learner Stance through Multimodal Resources
Creators: name: Tadic, Nadja
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
Students--Attitudes
Education
Learning

description: Stance refers to a display of a socially recognized epistemic or affective attitude toward a referent or proposition (Ochs, 1993). Although this display of attitude can be performed linguistically, paralinguistically, and non-verbally (Du Bois, 2007), it has primarily been explored in terms of linguistic strategies (use of reference terms, constructed dialogue, repetition, etc.) that can contribute to the process of socialization and the expression and construction of sociocultural identities and relationships. Gordon (2004), for instance, showed how members of one family socialized each other and constructed a shared identity as Democrats by using referring terms, repetition, narratives, constructed dialogue, and laughter to express positive and negative stances toward presidential candidates in the 2000 U.S. elections. Damari (2010) demonstrated how, during an interview, a married couple used constructed dialogue, constructed stance, verb tense, and adverbials to express their own and each other’s stances and thus construct divergent identities related to their cultural differences. And in her analysis of interviews with members of a Jewish community in Philadelphia, Schiffrin (1984) found that, by expressing divergent stances or disagreements, her participants actually signaled closeness and solidarity.
Cyclic Extensions and the Local Lifting Problem
Creators: name: Obus, Andrew
name: Wewers, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H37, 12F10 (Primary) 11G20, 12F15, 13B05, 13F35, 14G22, 14H30 (Secondary)

description: The local Oort conjecture states that, if G is cyclic and k is an algebraically closed field of characteristic p, then all G-extensions of k[[t]] should lift to characteristic zero. We prove a critical case of this conjecture. In particular, we show that the conjecture is always true when v_p(|G|) \leq 3, and is true for arbitrarily highly p-divisible cyclic groups G when a certain condition on the higher ramification filtration is satisfied.
description: Introduction significantly reorganized, some typos corrected. Now 49 pages
Monstera dubia Engl. & K. Krause
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Monstera
Monstera dubia

description: Monstera dubia (Kunth) Engl. & K. Krause (Fig. 6B, C) Material examined. Parque Nacional Darién, Cerro Pirre, Rancho Frio, cerca de la estación de la antigua ANAM; 08°01′16″N, 077°44′04″W; 103 m; 17 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2592 (PMA). Identification. Monstera dubia is characterized by comprising juvenile plants with variegated leaves tightly appressed to the substrate and adult individuals with verrucose stems, deciduous petiole sheaths, oblong-ovate blades, subcordate at base, reticulate secondary lateral veins and inflorescences with green-pinkish spathes and whitish spadices. It is common to confuse juvenile individuals of this species with those of M. spruceana (Schott) Engl., which differs in lacking variegated leaves. Distribution and ecology. Belize, Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, French Guiana, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, and Venezuela. On Cerro Pirre, it is common to observe individuals of this species in the semideciduous lowland forests (100–400 m) and along the rivers and streams, but it is less common within the mid-elevation evergreen forests, between 600 and 800 m.
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 674, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651
Fermi-Suface Evolution by Transition-metal Substitution in the Iron-based Superconductor LaFeAsO
Creators: name: Konbu, S.
name: Nakamura, K.
name: Ikeda, H.
name: Arita, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how Co- and Ni-substitution affect the electronic structure of the iron-based superconductor, LaFeAsO. We perform {\it ab initio} supercell calculations and unfold the first Brillouin zone (BZ) to calculate the spectral function in the BZ for the normal cell. The charge density distribution in real space shows that doped extra electrons are trapped around Co (Ni) atom. This seems to mean that Co(Ni)-substitution does not work as carrier doping. However, the present momentum-space analysis indicates that the Fermi-surface volume indeed expands by substitutions, which can be well described by the rigid-band shift. By taking into account this effective doping, we discuss whether the sign-reversing s-wave ($s_{\pm}$-wave) scenario is compatible with experiments.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Computer Mediated Collaborative Word Search in Online Tutoring: A Single Case Analysis
Creators: name: Yu, Di
name: Maggio, Silvia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Applied linguistics
Second language acquisition
Language and languages--Computer-assisted instruction
Web-based instruction

description: As internet-based remote communication became one of the primary modes for human interaction, particularly when it has been adopted in instructional and educational contexts, researchers have begun exploring various features of the interactions occurring on or mediated by these platforms. Garcia and Jacobs (1999) examined students’ exchanges on a text-based quasi-synchronous discussion program and found that the turn-taking system differs greatly from naturally-occurring face-to-face interactions such as turn-allocation and projection. Computer-mediated collaboration is also another topic that has been extensively addressed (See for example Heath & Luff, 1992; Luff et al, 2003). It has been found that video-mediated interactional environment can impact participants’ interactional conduct and introduce communicative asymmetries (Heath & Luff, 1992). This short paper analyzes one word-search episode between a teacher and a student during a web-based language tutoring session and demonstrates how the sequence is collaboratively conducted and resolved.
Microfluidic and Nanofluidic Cavities for Quantum Fluids Experiments
Creators: name: Duh, A.
name: Suhel, A.
name: Hauer, B. D.
name: Saeedi, R.
name: Kim, P. H.
name: Biswas, T. S.
name: Davis, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The union of quantum fluids research with nanoscience is rich with opportunities for new physics. The relevant length scales in quantum fluids, 3He in particular, are comparable to those possible using microfluidic and nanofluidic devices. In this article, we will briefly review how the physics of quantum fluids depends strongly on confinement on the microscale and nanoscale. Then we present devices fabricated specifically for quantum fluids research, with cavity sizes ranging from 30 nm to 11 microns deep, and the characterization of these devices for low temperature quantum fluids experiments.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, Accepted to Journal of Low Temperature Physics
Residual Inequity: Assessing the Unintended Consequences of New York City’s Clean Heat Transition
Creators: name: Carrión, Daniel
name: Lee, W. Victoria
name: Hernandez, Diana
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dwellings--Heating and ventilation--Environmental aspects
Air quality management--Government policy
Urban health
Environmental health

description: Energy policies and public health are intimately intertwined. In New York City, a series of policies, known as the Clean Heat Program (CHP), were designed to reduce air pollution by banning residual diesel fuel oils, #6 in 2015 and #4 by 2030. This measure is expected to yield environmental and public health benefits over time. While there is near-universal compliance with the #6 ban, a substantial number of buildings still use #4. In this paper, geographic analysis and qualitative interviews with stakeholders were used to interrogate the CHP’s policy implementation in Northern Manhattan and the Bronx. A total of 1724 (53%) of all residential residual fuel burning buildings are located in this region. Stakeholders reflected mostly on the need for the program, and overall reactions to its execution. Major findings include that government partnerships with non-governmental organizations were effectively employed. However, weaknesses with the policy were also identified, including missed opportunities for more rapid transitions away from residual fuels, unsuccessful outreach efforts, cost-prohibitive conversion opportunities, and (the perception of) a volatile energy market for clean fuels. Ultimately, this analysis serves as a case study of a unique and innovative urban policy initiative to improve air quality and, consequently, public health.
America's Familial Tribalism
Creators: name: Sabic-El-Rayess, Amra
name: Seeman, Alexandra M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: Corruption
Education, Higher
Social mobility
Elite (Social sciences)

description: With President Trump in power, the United States may have entered a new era of familial tribalism, a style of governing that could best be depicted as a sudden disruption to the traditional democratic governance and merited mobility the United States has historically promoted both at home and abroad. With this form of familial tribalism, a new level of power has been given to the members of the First Family, resulting in the United States increasingly mirroring the modus operandi of many developing countries that it had formerly criticized for their own lack of ethics, transparency, and competence amongst the governing elites. Ironically, the U.S. can now learn about the impact of familial tribalism on society and particularly on higher education from those very countries it has tried to reform in the past.
FPGA emulation for critical-path coverage analysis
Creators: name: Balston, Kyle
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: A major task in post-silicon validation is timing validation: it can be incredibly difficult to ensure a new chip meets timing goals. Post-silicon validation is the first opportunity to check timing with real silicon under actual operating conditions and workloads. However, post-silicon tests suffer from low observability, making it difficult to properly quantify test quality for the long-running random and directed system-level tests that are typical in post-silicon. In this thesis, we propose a technique for measuring the quality of long-running system-level tests used for timing coverage through the use of on-chip path monitors to be used with FPGA emulation. We demonstrate our technique on a non-trivial SoC, measuring the coverage of 2048 paths (selected as most critical by static timing analysis) achieved by some pre-silicon system-level tests, a number of well-known benchmarks, booting Linux, and executing randomly generated programs. The results show that the technique is feasible, with area and timing overheads acceptable for pre-silicon FPGA emulation.
The scalar gluonium correlator: large-beta_0 and beyond
Creators: name: Jamin, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of the scalar gluonium correlator is interesting because it carries the quantum numbers of the vacuum and the relevant hadronic current is related to the anomalous trace of the QCD energy-momentum tensor in the chiral limit. After reviewing the purely perturbative corrections known up to next-next-to-leading order, the behaviour of the correlator is studied to all orders by means of the large-beta_0 approximation. Similar to the QCD Adler function, the large-order behaviour is governed by the leading ultraviolet renormalon pole. The structure of infrared renormalon poles, being related to the operator product expansion are also discussed, as well as a low-energy theorem for the correlator that provides a relation to the renormalisation group invariant gluon condensate, and the vacuum matrix element of the trace of the QCD energy-momentum tensor.
description: 14 pages, references added, discussion of IR renormalon pole at u=3 extended, similar version to appear in JHEP
Monstera pittieri Engl.
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Monstera
Monstera pittieri

description: Monstera pittieri Engl. Material examined. Vicinity Cerro Pirre, along trail from base camp to Rancho Frío on slopes of Cerro Pirre; 07°58′N, 077°43′W; 200–450 m; 27 Jul. 1994; T. B. Croat 77130 (MO). Parque Nacional Darién, trocha entre la Estación Pirre y el Cerro Pirre; 08°00′N, 077°45′W; 100– 300 m; 11 Feb. 1991; H. Herrera 933 (MO, PMA). Ibid., Cerro Pirre, Rancho Frío; 08°01′14″N, 077°43′41″W; 143 m; 13 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2559 (PMA). Ibid., cascada arriba; 08°00′58″N, 077°43′24″W; 164 m; 14 Apr. 2016; O. O. Ortiz 2570 (PMA). Identification. Monstera pittieri comprises nomadic vines with long internodes, small blades, sometimes perforated, entire margins; inconspicuous primary lateral veins, and short peduncles. On Cerro Pirre, M. pittieri is the only species of the genus that comprises adult plants with usually entire blades with inconspicuous primary lateral veins and short peduncles (up to 4 cm long). This species could be confused with juvenile individuals of M. spruceana (Schott) Engl., which differs by its appressed habit and juvenile plants with leaves tightly appressed to the substrate. Distribution and ecology. Colombia, Costa Rica, and Panama. This species grows in semideciduous and evergreen forests of Cerro Pirre. It represents an uncommon species, usually found in semi-shaded areas.
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 675, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651
The scribes of the Soninke Islamic manuscripts and their networks
Creators: name: Ogorodnikova, Darya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: West African Islamic manuscripts with the main texts in Arabic and annotations in Soninke were most probably used for educational purposes. It is evidenced by references in the margins, indicating teachers, students and also some scholarly centres located in the greater Senegambia region and Guinea. This information allows us to understand the links between the manuscripts and to reconstruct the networks of scholars involved in the production and circulation of these manuscripts. I will present preliminary results of this reconstruction and discuss some linguistic features of Soninke used as the language of annotations. I will demonstrate that scribal choices of spelling were possibly conditioned by specific linguistic background of scribes and scholars.

Blog: ajami.hypotheses.org/

Project: www.manuscript-cultures.uni-hamburg.de/ajami/index_e.html
title: Fishing and jellyfish eradicate fish 180 years ago
Creators: name: MacKenzie, Brian R.
name: Poulsen, Bo
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Sustainable fish populations require both healthy ecosystems in which they can live and grow, and protection from overfishing. A rare historical example from the first half of the 19th century allowed us to describe the chronology of how the vulnerability of a herring (Clupea harengus) population to ecosystem variability was increased by effects of fishing on the population and food web interactions within the ecosystem. Both the population and fishery collapsed when several years of increasing exploitation were followed by an extreme climatic-hydrographic perturbation in 1825 that affected herring survival and changed food web structure (jellyfish bloom). Estimated levels of fishing mortality in years leading up to the collapse of Limfjord herring were 3-5 fold higher than natural mortality rates and similar to those which later led to collapses of 3 major herring populations in the north Atlantic (North Sea Norwegian spring-spawning herring, Georges Bank). These high exploitation rates suggest that fishing was a key factor which increased the vulnerability of the Limfjord herring to collapse. Changes in trophic interactions in the Limfjord after 1825 were therefore facilitated by fishing, which had reduced the abundance of jellyfish food competitors (herring) to low levels, and consequently expanded a niche in the ecosystem for other zooplanktivores with oppportunistic lifehistories. Lowering the risks of future collapses of fish populations and of trophic re-organisations to less desirable configurations, including gelatinous dominance of foodwebs, requires low exploitation rates that buffer against environmental variability and measures to support well-functioning and structured ecosystems.
Essays in estimating air transport demand processes and the formation of oligopolies
Creators: name: Hasheminia, Hamed
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This dissertation studies three different topics in estimating air transport demand processes and the formation of oligopolies. Chapter 1 provides an overview of the thesis. Chapter 2 investigates the sensitivity of demand for air travel by singleton passengers, couples, and families. It examines how the demand for air travel by these groups is potentially different. In this study, a compound Poisson structure of the demand of different passenger groups is considered and aggregate demand observations and decompounding techniques are used to estimate demand sensitivity of each group of customers to price, time, season, and the economic cycle. The methodology is applied to Canadian market data and the results indicate there are significant differences among the different groups of customers. In Chapter 3 a new decompounding procedure based on rudimentary number theory is developed. The advantages and disadvantages of this new framework are discussed, and the efficiency of these methodologies for certain class of problems is demonstrated. The framework is capable of decompounding when group sizes are either pairwise co-prime or composed of two elements. Under some conditions, the methodologies are generalized to cases where data are recorded in non-equal intervals. It is also not dependent on a restrictive assumption of having some zero observations that exists in conventional decompounding algorithms such as the Panjer recursion algorithm. Chapter 4 shows how hierarchical decision making and franchising is used as a fine-tuned strategy for brands to both compete aggressively and softly. In a hierarchical decision making process, as a part of long-run plan, the head office of a brand first decides on how many franchises they will grant. At the second stage, the flagships or company owned divisions decide on their level of output and lastly franchises decide how much to produce. We show brands can use this strategy both as a commitment not to compete fiercely with other brands who share the same cost efficiency and to credibly threaten or possibly keep the inefficient brands out of the market. The efficient brands’ incentive to pre-empt the competition is high when either the market size is small or their cost advantage is substantial.
School Uniform Cost Reduction Study: Standardization, Simplification and Supply Policy
Creators: name: Sabic-El-Rayess, Amra
name: Otgonlkhagva, Sarantsetseg
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: School children--Uniforms
School children's clothing
Clothing and dress--Costs

description: The primary goal of this Financial Crisis Response Project’s component (thereafter “Project”) was to gain insights into the school uniform related issues and inform the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science (“MECS”) on the ways to lower the school uniform cost in the Mongolian market. This study drew on the data collected via 20 interviews and focus groups with students, teachers, parents, manufacturers, and educational officials, as well as data gathered by surveying 462 teachers, students, and parents in Ulanbaataar, Dornod, and Bayan Ulgh provinces. The data analysis centered around key descriptive statistics and cost simulation scenarios(24 Scenarios, each including 4 SubScenarios). This study reviews the key findings and recommendations aimed at improving the school uniform quality, supply, and pricing.
On unitary subsectors of polycritical gravities
Creators: name: Kleinschmidt, Axel
name: Nutma, Teake
name: Virmani, Amitabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study higher-derivative gravity theories in arbitrary space-time dimension d with a cosmological constant at their maximally critical points where the masses of all linearized perturbations vanish. These theories have been conjectured to be dual to logarithmic conformal field theories in the (d-1)-dimensional boundary of an AdS solution. We determine the structure of the linearized perturbations and their boundary fall-off behaviour. The linearized modes exhibit the expected Jordan block structure and their inner products are shown to be those of a non-unitary theory. We demonstrate the existence of consistent unitary truncations of the polycritical gravity theory at the linearized level for odd rank.
description: 22 pages. Added references, rephrased introduction slightly. Published version
Monument protection as a limiting factor for large scale vertical greening system implementation to counteract indoor heat stress – a GIS-based analysis for Berlin, Germany
Creators: name: Roesch, Emil J.
name: Hoffmann, Karin A.
name: Nehls, Thomas
Publisher: name: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie
subject: vertical greening system
subject: facade greenery
subject: living wall
subject: monument protection
subject: heat stress
subject: nature-based solutions

description: Vertical greening systems (VGS), as proven strategy for adaptation to heat stress, are prohibited for monument-protected buildings and façades. To what extent monument protection effectively limits the implementation of VGS in heat stress affected city centers has not been quantified yet. In this study, the ratio of buildings under monument protection was quantified for Berlin, Germany, using a GIS analysis. It was then compared to a map of potential heat stress. This was done for the entire city and the inner-city area on block-scale. Therefore, maps of the Berlin buildings, monuments and blocks were processed. The ratio of buildings under monument protection was calculated for each block of Berlin. To not deform the outcome, urban green areas were cut out of the maps. Inside the 80 km2 city center of Berlin, which is severely affected by heat stress, the range of monument protection prohibiting VGS in the individual blocks ranges from 0 % to 100 %. However, 25.42 % of the building façades in the city center and 16.20 % for whole of Berlin are protected on average and therefore cannot be greened. Compared to other restricting factors, monument protection does not generally hinder large scale implementation of VGS in Berlin. Nonetheless, 102 potentially heat stress exposed blocks inhabited by 48,122 people cannot be greened due to monument protection. This demonstrates that VGS should be discussed as exception from monument protection that can be justified by a predominant public interest. It also points to the need of minimal invasive and mobile greenery technologies, which would enable heritage-protection conform greening.
Bound States of String Theory and Beyond
Creators: name: Cook, Paul P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83E50, 81T30

description: All bound states of fundamental strings, D-branes and NS-branes of string theory, both type-IIA and type-IIB, which may be described by a null geodesic motion on the coset G/K(G) where G is a group of type A, D or E embedded within E(11) are presented.
description: 54+1 pages, 6 figures, 3 data files; typos corrected, added extended discussion of the temporal involution
Philodendron ensifolium subsp. ensifolium Croat & Grayum subsp. ensifolium
Creators: name: Ortiz, Orlando Oriel
name: de Stapf, María Sánchez
name: Baldini, Riccardo Maria
name: Croat, Thomas Bernard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Alismatales
Araceae
Philodendron
Philodendron ensifolium
Philodendron ensifolium croat & grayum subsp. ensifolium

description: Philodendron ensifolium Croat & Grayum subsp. ensifolium Material examined. Middle slopes on W side of Cerro Pirre; 07°56′N, 077°45′W; 800–1050 m; 29 Jun. 1988; T. B. Croat 68922 (MO). Cerro Pirre, cloud forest and/ or mossy forest; 07°50′N, 077°44′W; 750–1300 m; 9–10 Aug. 1967; J. A. Duke E 13738 (MO). Identification. This taxon is recognized by its nomadic vine life form (appressed-climbing habit), fully sheathed petioles, very narrow glossy blades (more than four times longer than wide), non-cordate at base, with obscure primary lateral veins. Philodendron ensifolium subsp. ensifolium is the only taxon of the subgenus Pteromischum on Cerro Pirre that has finely striate, greenish stems when dry. Distribution and ecology. Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, and Panama. This species has only been reported in the submontane forest of Cerro Pirre, between 800 and 1050 m.
description: Published as part of Ortiz, Orlando Oriel, de Stapf, María Sánchez, Baldini, Riccardo Maria & Croat, Thomas Bernard, 2019, Synopsis of aroids (Alismatales, Araceae) from Cerro Pirre (Darién Province, Panama), pp. 651-689 in Check List 15 (4) on page 678, DOI: 10.15560/15.4.651