cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multi-annotator Deep Learning: A Probabilistic Framework for Classification
Creators: name: Herde, Marek
name: Huseljic, Denis
name: Sick, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.6; I.5.1

description: Solving complex classification tasks using deep neural networks typically requires large amounts of annotated data. However, corresponding class labels are noisy when provided by error-prone annotators, e.g., crowdworkers. Training standard deep neural networks leads to subpar performances in such multi-annotator supervised learning settings. We address this issue by presenting a probabilistic training framework named multi-annotator deep learning (MaDL). A downstream ground truth and an annotator performance model are jointly trained in an end-to-end learning approach. The ground truth model learns to predict instances' true class labels, while the annotator performance model infers probabilistic estimates of annotators' performances. A modular network architecture enables us to make varying assumptions regarding annotators' performances, e.g., an optional class or instance dependency. Further, we learn annotator embeddings to estimate annotators' densities within a latent space as proxies of their potentially correlated annotations. Together with a weighted loss function, we improve the learning from correlated annotation patterns. In a comprehensive evaluation, we examine three research questions about multi-annotator supervised learning. Our findings show MaDL's state-of-the-art performance and robustness against many correlated, spamming annotators.
description: Transactions on Machine Learning Research, see https://openreview.net/forum?id=MgdoxzImlK
Universal scaling of higher-order spacing ratios in Gaussian random matrices
Creators: name: Bhosale, Udaysinh T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Higher-order spacing ratios are investigated analytically using a Wigner-like surmise for Gaussian ensembles of random matrices. For $k$-th order spacing ratio $(r^{(k)}$, $k>1)$ the matrix of dimension $2k+1$ is considered. A universal scaling relation for this ratio, known from earlier numerical studies, is proved in the asymptotic limits of $r^{(k)}\rightarrow0$ and $r^{(k)}\rightarrow \infty$.
description: 12 pages. This is a substantially improved version. Accepted for publication in Physical Review E. Comments are welcome
La catéchèse intergénérationnelle et communautaire – entre les générations et au sein de la communauté / Die Katechese: intergenerationell und gemeinschaftlich – zwischen den Generationen und in der Gemeinschaft
Creators: name: Amherdt, François-Xavier
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2018

description: Depuis quelques années maintenant, la « catéchèse communautaire » est devenue un leitmotiv dans les réflexions catéchétiques catholiques, sous l’influence de théologiens de divers pays comme l’Allemand Norbert Mette ou l’Américain Bill Huebsch : une catéchèse par tous, avec tous et pour tous. Si nous considérons les communautés en tant que telles comme « catéchisantes et catéchisées », nous avons à mettre en œuvre une pédagogie de l’initiation, telle qu’elle avait cours dans le catéchuménat antique, sous l’impulsion des Pères de l’Église. Bien que les frontières entre les âges apparaissent comme brouillées et plus aussi délimitées que par le passé, ce nouveau paradigme offre la possibilité de modèles catéchétiques au sein des générations et entre elles, notamment par des journées communautaires – souvent le samedi ou le dimanche – telles qu’elles se répandent partout dans le monde en Église catholique. Car il n’y a pas d’âge pour la foi, les sacrements et la maturité spirituelle : les enfants, les jeunes et les adultes peuvent aussi s’enrichir mutuellement. Beeinflusst von Pastoraltheologen wie Norbert Mette und Bill Hübsch betrachtet man in der katholischen Kirche auf der ganzen Welt seit einigen Jahren die Gemeindekatechese als eine Katechese von allen, mit allen und für alle. Sieht man daher die christliche Gemeinde als "katechisierende" und "katechisierte", so muss eine Initiationspädagogik angewendet werden ähnlich dem antiken Katechumenat. Obwohl sich die Altersgrenzen zwischen den Generationen nicht mehr klar definieren lassen, bietet dieses neue katechetische Paradigma die Gelegenheit, Modelle einer Katechese zwischen den Generationen zu entwickeln, zum Beispiel für gemeinsame Bildungstage an Samstagen oder Sonntagen und für Programme, die bereits in verschiedenen Ländern existieren. Glaube, Sakramente und geistliche Reife sind altersunabhängig, daher können junge und ältere Menschen sich gegenseitig darin bereichern.
description: bildungsforschung, Nr. 1 (2017): Nous n’avons pas fini d’apprendre! Wir lernen immer weiter!
Adultes âgés et vieillissement actif. Compte à rebours enclenché pour la Roumanie
Creators: name: Ruşitoru, Mihaela-Viorica
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2018

description: En Roumanie, la situation des personnes âgées est confuse et les offres éducatives quasi-inexistantes. Nous avons identifié une liste non-exhaustive d’obstacles à l’apprentissage pour les personnes âgées : 1) pauvreté ; 2) manque de personnel et 3) législation inadéquate. Pourtant, une culture enracinée exige que la personne âgée demeure à la maison, élément fort pour l’ « apprendre ensemble intergénérationnel ». Pour faire face aux défis évoqués, nous proposons : 1) un niveau de vie décent ; 2) repenser la vieillesse; 3) renforcer le « pôle associatif » ; 4) des équipes interdisciplinaires et 5) stimuler la solidarité intergénérationnelle. Learning for older adults and active aging. Countdown set for Romania In Romania, the situation of elderly people is confused and educational offers almost inexistent. I identified a non-exhaustive list of learning barriers for older adults: 1) poverty; 2) lack of staff and 3) inadequate legislation. Yet, there is an entrenched culture that requires that older people stay at home, which could be a strong element for " intergenerational learning together". To face the challenges mentioned, I propose to: 1) guarantee a decent standard of living; 2) rethink old age in order to promote a positive image; 3) strengthen the "associative pole"; 4) build interdisciplinary teams and 5) stimulate intergenerational solidarity.
description: bildungsforschung, Nr. 1 (2017): Nous n’avons pas fini d’apprendre! Wir lernen immer weiter!
Predicting Medication Use in an Elderly Hypertensive Sample: Revisiting the Established Populations for Epidemiologic Studies of the Elderly Study
Creators: name: Holmes, DaJuanicia
name: Kaufman, Jay S.
name: Kim, Mimi M.
name: Howard, Daniel L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Though some research has begun to examine specific factors related to race that should be targeted in the design of interventions to improve medication adherence, there remains an underreporting of factors that contribute to the use of hypertensive medications by race.
Tamed stability of finite difference schemes for the transport equation on the half-line
Creators: name: Coeuret, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M06, 65M12, 47B35, 35L04

description: In this paper, we prove that, under precise spectral assumptions, some finite difference approximations of scalar leftgoing transport equations on the positive half-line with numerical boundary conditions are $\ell^1$-stable but $\ell^q$-unstable for any $q>1$. The proof relies on the accurate description of the Green's function for a particular family of finite rank perturbations of Toeplitz operators whose essential spectrum belongs to the closed unit disk and with a simple eigenvalue of modulus $1$ embedded into the essential spectrum.
description: 44 pages, 11 figures
Empowering Students With Cultural Competence Knowledge: Randomized Controlled Trial of a Cultural Competence Curriculum for Third-Year Medical Students
Creators: name: George, Diane Marie St.
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: Bussey-Jones, Jada
name: Genao, Inginia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Formal training in cultural competence for health care providers has become vital as the US population continues to become increasingly culturally diverse. However, a low percentage of medical schools offer formal training in this area, and there is a lack of curriculum evaluation reported in the literature.
$β$-function for topologically massive gluons
Creators: name: Mukhopadhyay, Debmalya
name: Lahiri, Amitabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the quantum corrections to the two-point function of four dimensional topologically massive non-Abelian vector fields at one loop order for $SU(N)$ gauge theory in Feynman-'t Hooft gauge. We calculate the beta function of the gauge coupling constant and find that the theory becomes asymptotically free faster than pure $SU(N)$ gauge theory.
description: Pages:17, Figures:12. This is the final version of the paper published in Phys Rev. D
Stress of Caring for Children: The Role of Perceived Racism
Creators: name: Baird, Donna D.
name: Vines, Anissa I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Regardless of race, most mothers experience stress related to concerns about their children. African-American mothers may experience the additional stress of their child(ren) experiencing racism. This paper describes the stress that African-American women have about their children experiencing racism.
Pour une méthode intégrative des savoirs expérientiels des patients et des savoirs professionnels des soignants
Creators: name: Alglave, Nathalie
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2018

description: Notre recherche porte sur l’interaction entre les dispositions sociocognitives des adultes atteintes de maladies chroniques et les pratiques en Éducation thérapeutique du patient (ÉTP) mises en œuvre par les infirmières. Nous avons expérimenté une méthode intégrative des savoirs expérientiels des patients chroniques et des savoirs professionnels des soignants. Notre recherche est descriptive intégrant un devis de nature quasi-expérimental. Nos groupes témoins et expérimentaux sont composés de dyades d’infirmières et de patients atteints de diabète de type 2, en atelier d’ÉTP sur le thème de l’hypoglycémie. Suite à l’analyse des résultats statistiques, notre hypothèse se voit confirmée. Notre méthode ou Dispositif expérimental de formation (DEF) en ÉTP favorise l’autorégulation de la santé-dans-la-maladie des patients atteints de maladie chronique. For an integrative method of experiential knowledge of patients and professional knowledge of caregivers Our research focuses on the interaction between the socio-cognitive dispositions of adults with chronic diseases and the practices in patient therapeutic education (FTE) implemented by nurses. We have experimented with an integrative method of experiential knowledge of chronic patients and professional knowledge of caregivers. Our research is descriptive integrating a quasi-experimental nature. Our control and experimental groups are composed of dyads of nurses and patients with type 2 diabetes, in an FTE workshop on the subject of hypoglycemia. Following the analysis of the statistical results, our hypothesis is confirmed. Our experimental training method or device favors the self-regulation of the health-in-disease of patients with chronic disease.
description: bildungsforschung, Nr. 1 (2017): Nous n’avons pas fini d’apprendre! Wir lernen immer weiter!
Clinical efficacy and neurobiological correlates of electroconvulsive therapy in patients with clozapine-resistant/intolerant schizophrenia: study protocol of multi-site parallel arm double-blind randomized sham-controlled study
Creators: name: Arumugham, Shyam
name: Praharaj, Samir
name: umesh, shreekantiah
name: Sreeraj, Vanteemar
name: Roy, Chandramouli
name: Shenoy, Sonia
name: Purohith, Abhiram
name: Chithra, Uppinkudru
name: Bagali, Kiran
name: Venkataramaiah, Sudhir
name: Nanjundaiah, Gopala
name: Thennarasu, Kandavel
name: Kumar, Channaveerachari
name: Goyal, Nishant
name: Das, Basudeb
name: Mehta, Urvakhsh
name: Muralidharan, Kesavan
name: G, Venkatasubramanian
name: Sinha, Preeti
name: Thirthalli, Jagadisha
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mental and Social Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Psychiatric and Mental Health
subject: Clozapine resistant schizophrenia
subject: Consent
subject: ECT
subject: ELectroconvulsive Therapy (ECT)
subject: Ethics
subject: Sham-controlled trial

description: This contains the extended data for the manuscript published in WellcomeOpenResearch journal: https://doi.org/10.12688/wellcomeopenres.18028.2
Quantum Search Approaches to Sampling-Based Motion Planning
Creators: name: Lathrop, Paul
name: Boardman, Beth
name: Martínez, Sonia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present a novel formulation of traditional sampling-based motion planners as database-oracle structures that can be solved via quantum search algorithms. We consider two complementary scenarios: for simpler sparse environments, we formulate the Quantum Full Path Search Algorithm (q-FPS), which creates a superposition of full random path solutions, manipulates probability amplitudes with Quantum Amplitude Amplification (QAA), and quantum measures a single obstacle free full path solution. For dense unstructured environments, we formulate the Quantum Rapidly Exploring Random Tree algorithm, q-RRT, that creates quantum superpositions of possible parent-child connections, manipulates probability amplitudes with QAA, and quantum measures a single reachable state, which is added to a tree. As performance depends on the number of oracle calls and the probability of measuring good quantum states, we quantify how these errors factor into the probabilistic completeness properties of the algorithm. We then numerically estimate the expected number of database solutions to provide an approximation of the optimal number of oracle calls in the algorithm. We compare the q-RRT algorithm with a classical implementation and verify quadratic run-time speedup in the largest connected component of a 2D dense random lattice. We conclude by evaluating a proposed approach to limit the expected number of database solutions and thus limit the optimal number of oracle calls to a given number.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Tau functions, infinite Grassmannians and lattice recurrences
Creators: name: Arthamonov, S.
name: Harnad, J.
name: Hurtubise, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70H06, 37K10, 35Q51, 17B80, 39A36, 17B10, 70G45

description: The addition formulae for KP $τ$-functions, when evaluated at lattice points in the KP flow group orbits in the infinite dimensional Sato-Segal-Wilson Grassmannian, give infinite parametric families of solutions to discretizations of the KP hierarchy. The CKP hierarchy may similarly be viewed as commuting flows on the Lagrangian sub-Grassmannian of maximal isotropic subspaces with respect to a suitably defined symplectic form. Evaluating the $τ$-functions at a sublattice of points within the KP orbit, the resulting discretization gives solutions both to the hyperdeterminantal relations (or Kashaev recurrence) and the hexahedron (or Kenyon-Pemantle) recurrence.
description: 57 pages. Acknowledgements added
Characterising the covariance pattern between lifestyle factors and structural brain measures: a multivariable study of two ageing cohorts
Creators: name: Demnitz, Naiara
name: Hulme, Oliver
name: Siebner, Hartwig
name: Kjaer, Michael
name: Ebmeier, Klaus
name: Boraxbekk, Carl-Johan
name: Gillan, Claire
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Public Health
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medical Sciences
subject: Community Health and Preventive Medicine
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: With the aim of characterising the covariance pattern between lifestyle measures and indices of brain structure in older adults, this project uses MRI and behavioural data from two cohorts of older adults. Canonical correlation analyses have been conducted on one dataset. The obtained model will then be validated on a second dataset. Please see our “Lifestyle_BrainStructure_Analyses.docx” file for a description of our aims, methods, and results from the first dataset.
Health-Related Stigma in Young Adults With Sickle Cell Disease
Creators: name: Brewer, Cheryl
name: Jenerette, Coretta M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Health-related stigma is increasingly becoming a major public health issue that is receiving more attention. Young adults with sickle cell disease (SCD) are at risk for health-related stigmatization due to the many challenges of the disease. SCD includes the lifelong challenges of managing the chronic illness while accessing and navigating the health care system. The burdens of the disease can affect all aspects of the lives of individuals with SCD to include physiological, psychological, and social well-being. Although others may be involved in the process of stigmatization, the purpose of this paper was to support the need to develop patient-oriented interventions to prevent and treat health-related stigma in young adults with SCD, as these individuals may face health-related stigma throughout their lives, but especially immediately after transitioning from pediatric to adult care. Additionally, the Revised Theory of Self-Care Management for Sickle Cell Disease is offered as a framework from which theory-based interventions can be derived.
Build a better lightbulb
Creators: name: Lekoyoy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Life Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: battery
subject: build
subject: lightbulb

description: First, use the steps at the link to build a simple lightbulb with a jar, some wire, and a 6-volt battery. Then, turn it into an eighth grade science fair experiment by tinkering with the various materials to make a lightbulb that lasts longer, burns brighter, or is powered by an alternative source.
Partnerships in Health Disparities Research and the Roles of Pastors of Black Churches: Potential Conflict, Synergy, and Expectations
Creators: name: Roman Isler, Malika
name: Alice Ammerman, Alice
name: Melissa Green, Melissa
name: Bunton, Audrina
name: Goldmon, Moses
name: Washington, Chanetta
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The black church is a promising site to engage in health disparities research; however, little is understood about the pastors' perspectives. We used role theory to explore their expectations, potential conflicts, and synergy with research.
Control of absorption of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ thin-film transistor in one-dimensional defective photonic crystal
Creators: name: Yang, Fang-Fang
name: Huang, Ying-Long
name: Xiao, Wen-bo
name: Liu, Jiang-Tao
name: Liu, Nian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The light absorption and transmission of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ in a one-dimensional defective photonic crystal (d-1DPC) is theoretically investigated. The study shows that the strong interference effect decreases photon density in particular areas of the microcavity. The d-1DPC can reduce light absorption of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ and enhance light transmission. The impact of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ light absorption on the localization effect of photon is investigated when monolayer MoS$_{2}$ and the organic light-emitting diode are located in the same microcavity. However, monolayer MoS$_{2}$ does not reduce the localization effect of light by regulating the position of monolayer MoS$_{2}$ in the microcavity.
description: 5pages,5figures
Misinformation Experiment Data
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Prithvijit
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Economics

description: This is data for Social Media, (Mis) Information, and Voting decision paper. https://www.thecgo.org/research/social-media-misinformation-and-voting-decisions/
Assessing the impact of frailty on cognitive function in older adults receiving home care
Creators: name: Kleisiaris, Christos
name: Kaffatou, Eleni Maria
name: Papathanasiou, Ionna
name: Androulakis, Emmanouil
name: Panagiotakis, Simeon
name: Alvino, Serena
name: Tziraki, Chariklia
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2019
Subjects: Frailty
Depression
Cognitive decline
Dementia
Comorbidity
Independence

description: It is commonly accepted that frailty and dementia-related cognitive decline are strongly associated. However, degree of this association is often debated, especially in homebound elders with disabilities. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the association of frailty on cognitive function in older adults receiving homecare. A screening for frailty and cognitive function was conducted at 12 primary healthcare settings of the nationally funded program “Help at Home” in Heraklion Crete, Greece. Cognitive function and frailty were assessed using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment questionnaire and the SHARE-f index, respectively. Barthel-Activities of Daily Living and the Charlson Comorbidity Index were also used for the identification of disability and comorbidity, respectively. The mean age of the 192 participants (66% female) was 78.04 ± 8.01 years old. In depth-analysis using multiple linear regression, revealed that frailty was not significantly associated with cognitive decline (frail vs. non-frail (B’=-2.39, p=0.246) even after adjusting for depression and multi-comorbidity. Importantly, as protective factors for cognitive decline progression and thus dementia development, was scientifically correlated with annual individual income >4500 (B'=2.31, p=0.005) - poverty threshold- compared to those with <4500 and, higher education level as compared to Uneducated (B’=2.94, p=0.019). However, depression was associated with cognitive decline regardless of socioeconomic variables. In conclusion, our results suggest that health professionals caring for frail people with cognitive impairment, must focus on early recognition and management of depression.
Cavity magnomechanical coupling with coupled magnon modes in a synthetic antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Asano, Motoki
name: Matsumoto, Hiroki
name: Hayashi, Masamitsu
name: Hatanaka, Daiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On-chip cavity magnomechanics is an emerging field exploring acoustic and magnonic functionalities of various ferromagnetic materials and structures using strongly confined phonons. It is expected that such cavity magnomechanics can be extended to multilayer ferromagnets, especially synthetic antiferromagnets (SAFs) that exhibit zero net magnetization through interlayer exchange coupling. However, the conventional theoretical framework for a single ferromagnet cannot be used directly because of the antiferromagnetic magnetization dynamics associated with the interlayer exchange coupling. In this paper, we theoretically investigate phonon-magnon coupling with a three-layer SAF. Our formulation of the phonon-magnon coupling constants reveals that the acoustic (optical) magnon mode dominantly couples to the cavity phonon when the magnetization angles in the two ferromagnetic layers are antiparallel (orthogonal). Moreover, numerical calculations including the effects of dipole-dipole interactions and in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy allow us to predict phonon frequency shifts and linewidth broadening that can be detected in experiments. These theoretical insights would greatly help us to make a strategy for bringing the system into the strong coupling regime and to devise novel control protocols in analogy to cavity quantum electrodynamics and cavity optomechanics.
Is the one of the “active farmer” a false problem?
Creators: name: Pupo D'Andrea, Maria Rosaria
name: Romeo Lironcurti, Simona
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: The “active farmer” issue has gained attention in the last CAP reforms with the increasing attention to the decoupling of the support. The 2014-2020 CAP reform has ignited the debate among stakeholders on “who” is actually entitled to receive direct payments. The analysis carried out highlights the heterogeneity in the national implementation of the rules on “active farmer” and the importance of the national legislation of some Member States in limiting the access to direct payments, regardless of EU rules. The article points out how the complexity of the rules on “active farmer” arises from the unresolved question on the nature of direct payments. The new rules do not satisfy neither who wants to grant direct payments only to “genuine” farmers nor who wants to grant support to those who, in the spirit of the new approach of direct payments, manages the agricultural land, regardless of the main activity carried out.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 6 No 3 (2017): Economics and Politics of Migration: Implications for Agriculture and Food
FAST-ASKAP Synergy: Quantifying Coexistent Tidal and Ram Pressure Strippings in the NGC 4636 Group
Creators: name: Lin, Xuchen
name: Wang, Jing
name: Kilborn, Virginia
name: Peng, Eric W.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Boselli, Alessandro
name: Liang, Ze-Zhong
name: Lee, Bumhyun
name: Yang, Dong
name: Catinella, Barbara
name: Deg, N.
name: Dénes, H.
name: Elagali, Ahmed
name: Kamphuis, P.
name: Koribalski, B. S.
name: Lee-Waddell, K.
name: Rhee, Jonghwan
name: Shao, Li
name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Staveley-Smith, Lister
name: Westmeier, T.
name: Wong, O. Ivy
name: Bekki, Kenji
name: Bosma, Albert
name: Du, Min
name: Ho, Luis C.
name: Madrid, Juan P.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes
name: Wang, Huiyuan
name: Wang, Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Combining new HI data from a synergetic survey of ASKAP WALLABY and FAST with the ALFALFA data, we study the effect of ram pressure and tidal interactions in the NGC 4636 group. We develop two parameters to quantify and disentangle these two effects on gas stripping in HI-bearing galaxies: the strength of external forces at the optical-disk edge, and the outside-in extents of HI-disk stripping. We find that gas stripping is widespread in this group, affecting 80% of HI-detected non-merging galaxies, and that 41% are experiencing both types of stripping. Among the galaxies experiencing both effects, the two types of strengths are independent, while two HI-stripping extents moderately anticorrelate with each other. Both strengths are correlated with HI-disk shrinkage. The tidal strength is related to a rather uniform reddening of low-mass galaxies ($M_*<10^9\,\text{M}_\odot$) when tidal stripping is the dominating effect. In contrast, ram pressure is not clearly linked to the color-changing patterns of galaxies in the group. Combining these two stripping extents, we estimate the total stripping extent, and put forward an empirical model that can describe the decrease of HI richness as galaxies fall toward the group center. The stripping timescale we derived decreases with distance to the center, from $\mathord{\sim}1\,\text{Gyr}$ beyond $R_{200}$ to $\mathord{\lesssim}10\,\text{Myr}$ near the center. Gas-depletion happens $\mathord{\sim}3\,\text{Gyr}$ since crossing $2R_{200}$ for HI-rich galaxies, but much quicker for HI-poor ones. Our results quantify in a physically motivated way the details and processes of environmental-effects-driven galaxy evolution, and might assist in analyzing hydrodynamic simulations in an observational way.
description: 44 pages, 22 figures, 5 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ. Tables 4 and 5 are also available in machine-readable form. Values of $f_\text{tid}$ are updated without influencing major results and conclusions
BRST BMS4 Symmetry and its Cocycles from Horizontality Conditions
Creators: name: Baulieu, Laurent
name: Wetzstein, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BRST structure of the extended Bondi-Metzner-Sachs symmetry group of asymptotically flat manifolds is investigated using the recently introduced framework of the Beltrami field parametrization of four-dimensional metrics. The latter identifies geometrically the two physical degrees of freedom of the graviton as fundamental fields. The graded BRST BMS4 nilpotent differential operator relies on four horizontality conditions giving a Lagrangian reformulation of the asymptotic BMS4 symmetry. A series of cocycles is found which indicate the possibility of anomalies for three-dimensional Lagrangian theories to be built in the null boundaries of asymptotically flat spaces from the principle of BRST BMS4 invariance.
description: V2, typos fixed, published version
Questionnaire for the COVID-19 Impact analysis - AI4COVID
Creators: name: Anuradha Ilangarathna, Gayanthi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 160301 Family and Household Studies
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Survey instrument which was developed for the data collection under AI4COVID project (website: ai4covind.lk ) in Sri Lanka. Structured to capture data across different pandemic periods and diverse groups of people.
Psychosocial Factors Associated With Routine Health Examination Scheduling and Receipt Among African American Men
Creators: name: Hammond, Wizdom Powell
name: Matthews, Derrick
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: African American men often fail to obtain routine health examinations, which increases the probability of disease detection, yet little is known about psychosocial factors that motivate scheduling and receipt among this group.
Rural-urban migration and implications for rural production
Creators: name: De Brauw, Alan
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: Rural to urban migration has always been an inherent part of the economic development process, but its impacts are poorly understood, and are often feared by governments, which has led to policies that either attempt to explicitly or implicitly hinder migration. A major concern is that rural-urban migration can threaten food security, through reductions in agricultural production. In this paper, I examine the recent literature on migration and agriculture, which takes the challenge of statistically identifying impacts of migration seriously. I begin by discussing rural-urban productivity gaps and implications for policy, following through to impacts on agricultural production and rural investment.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 6 No 3 (2017): Economics and Politics of Migration: Implications for Agriculture and Food
Migrants to rural areas as a social movement: insights from Italy
Creators: name: Osti, Giorgio
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: Migrants in Italy often form the majority of the labour force in the primary sector; their residential and work conditions are generally of low quality, and their entrepreneurship is limited. How are the presence and action of migrants in Italian rural areas to be interpreted? The question is tackled with a framework based on the social movements literature. The mobilisation of migrants is seen as a way to enter the political arena when traditional channels are closed. Even heterodox participation is considered a sign of integration in a country. Cases of mobilisation are presented in order to show the robustness of the research perspective. The results are that migrants ‘collective action’ is rare and weak, especially in the primary sector because of gangmaster action, temporary and dispersed jobs, obtuseness of employers. Moreover, the advocacy coalition supporting migrants is unable to overcome the logic of emergency. The paper ends by wondering whether the sporadic mobilisation of migrants will lead to a moral economy of the agrifood value chain.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 6 No 3 (2017): Economics and Politics of Migration: Implications for Agriculture and Food
Assessing the Readiness of Black Churches to Engage in Health Disparities Research
Creators: name: Green, Melissa
name: Godley, Paul
name: Weiner, Bryan
name: Boyd, Carlton
name: De Marco, Molly
name: Hadley, Monica
name: Goldmon, Moses
name: Howard, Daniel L.
name: Manning, Michelle
name: Meade, Shelly-Ann
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We assessed church readiness to engage in health disparities research using a newly developed instrument, examined the correlates of readiness, and described strategies that churches used to promote health. We pilot tested the instrument with churches in a church-academic partnership (n = 12). We determined level of readiness to engage in research and assessed correlates of readiness. We also conducted interviews with participating pastors to explore strategies they had in place to support research engagement. Churches scored fairly high in readiness (average of 4.04 out of 5). Churches with a pastor who promoted the importance of good nutrition in a sermon or had a budget for health-related activities had significantly higher readiness scores than churches without such practices. Having a tool to evaluate church readiness to engage in research will inform targeted technical assistance and research projects that will strengthen church-academic partnerships and improve capacity to address health disparities.
Contractive projections in Paley-Wiener spaces
Creators: name: Kulikov, Aleksei
name: Zlotnikov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H09, 42A38

description: Let $S_1$ and $S_2$ be disjoint finite unions of parallelepipeds. We describe necessary and sufficient conditions on the sets $S_1,S_2$ and exponents $p$ such that the canonical projection $P$ from $PW_{S_1\cup S_2}^p$ to $PW_{S_1}^p$ is a contraction.
A lower bound on tunnel number degeneration
Creators: name: Schirmer, Trent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove a theorem which bounds Heegaard genus from below under special kinds of toroidal amalgamations of $3$-manifolds. As a consequence, we conclude $t(K_1\# K_2)\geq \max\{t(K_1),t(K_2)\}$ for any pair of knots $K_1,K_2\subset S^3$, where $t(K)$ denotes the tunnel number of $K$.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures
Non-Fermi-Liquid Behavior from Cavity Electromagnetic Vacuum Fluctuations at the Superradiant Transition
Creators: name: Rao, Peng
name: Piazza, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study two-dimensional materials where electrons are coupled to the vacuum electromagnetic field of a cavity. We show that, at the onset of the superradiant phase transition towards a macroscopic photon occupation of the cavity, the critical electromagnetic fluctuations, consisting of photons strongly overdamped by their interaction with electrons, can in turn lead to the absence of electronic quasiparticles. Since transverse photons couple to the electronic current, the appearance of non-Fermi-Liquid behavior strongly depends on the lattice. In particular, we find that in a square lattice the phase space for electron-photon scattering is reduced in such a way to preserve the quasiparticles, while in a honeycomb lattice the latter are removed due to a non-analytical frequency dependence of the damping $\propto |ω|^{2/3}$. Standard cavity probes could allow to measure the characteristic frequency spectrum of the overdamped critical electromagnetic modes responsible for the non-Fermi-liquid behavior.
description: main text: 7 pages, 2 figures; supplemental: 8 pages
Perceptions of Cancer Clinical Research Among African American Men in North Carolina
Creators: name: DiMartino, Lisa D.
name: Green, Melissa
name: Corbie-Smith, Giselle
name: White, Brandolyn
name: Teal, Randall
name: Trantham, Laurel C.
name: Carpenter, William R.
name: Godley, Paul A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: The problem of cancer health disparities is substantial. Clinical trials are widely advocated as a means of reducing disparities and bringing state-of-the-art care to the broader community, where most cancer care is delivered. This study sought to develop a better understanding of why disproportionately few African American men enroll in clinical trials given their substantial cancer burden.
The European Muon Collaboration effect from short-range correlated nucleons in a $x$-rescaling model
Creators: name: Wang, Rong
name: Ma, Na-Na
name: Wang, Tao-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we examine the hypothesis that the nuclear EMC effect comes merely from the N-N SRC pairs inside the nucleus and that the properties of N-N SRC pair are universal among the various nuclei, using the conventional $x$-rescaling model for the EMC effect. With the previously determined effective mass of the short-range correlated nucleon and the number of N-N SRC pairs estimated, we calculate the EMC effect of various nuclei within the $x$-rescaling approach. From our calculations, the nuclear EMC effect due to the mass deficits of the SRC nucleons is not enough to reproduce the observed EMC effect in experiments. We speculate that the internal structure of the mean-field single nucleon is also obviously modified, or there are more origins of the EMC effect beyond the N-N SRC configuration (such as the $α$ cluster), or the universality of N-N SRC pair is violated noticeably from light to heavy nuclei.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Physical activity and subclinical MRI cerebral infarcts: The ARIC Study
Creators: name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Reeves, Roy R.
name: Penman, Alan D.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Dubbert, Patricia M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: We hypothesized that physical activity (PA), which is often associated with reduced risk of ischemic stroke, may also be associated with reduced risk of subclinical cerebral infarcts.
Immigrant workforce and labour productivity in Italian agriculture: a farm-level analysis
Creators: name: Baldoni, Edoardo
name: Coderoni, Silvia
name: Esposti, Roberto
Publisher: name: Bio-based and Applied Economics
Year: 2018

description: The objective of this paper is to detect stylized facts and put forward testable hypotheses on the presence and role of immigrant workforce in Italian agriculture. This research focuses on professional agriculture as represented by the Italian FADN over the period 2008-2015. Descriptive statistics show that immigrants are an important component of the workforce employed in professional agriculture over this period, even with wide disparities between regions, sectors and classes of economic size. Immigrants are concentrated in larger and more productive farms and their presence is positively correlated with farm’s labour productivity (LP). To understand whether they are more productive, or they are just occupied by more productive farms, the relationship between LP and their contribution to agricultural production, in terms of Annual Working Units (AWU), is modelled at the farm level, by assuming alternative model specifications. Results emphasize that, in many cases, statistically significant relationships between the contribution of immigrants and farm-level LP can result from model misspecifications. Accounting for farms’ heterogeneity can greatly influence the dimension of this link. Moreover, when assuming persistence of LP with a dynamic specification, this relationship disappears.
description: Bio-based and Applied Economics, Vol 6 No 3 (2017): Economics and Politics of Migration: Implications for Agriculture and Food
Estimating the master stability function from the time series of one oscillator via reservoir computing
Creators: name: Hart, Joseph D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The master stability function (MSF) yields the stability of the globally synchronized state of a network of identical oscillators in terms of the eigenvalues of the adjacency matrix. In order to compute the MSF, one must have an accurate model of an uncoupled oscillator, but often such a model does not exist. We present a reservoir computing technique for estimating the MSF given only the time series of a single, uncoupled oscillator. We demonstrate the generality of our technique by considering a variety of coupling configurations of networks consisting of Lorenz oscillators or H{é}non maps.
Outcomes and Treatment of Chronic Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Differs by Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCC mec ) Type in Children With Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Popowitch, Elena B.
name: Muhlebach, Marianne S.
name: Hoover, Wynton C.
name: Miller, Melissa B.
name: Thompson, Valeria
name: Saiman, Lisa
name: Schechter, Michael S.
name: Ferkol, Thomas W.
name: Kloster, Margaret
name: Heltshe, Sonya L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infects ∼25% of patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the United States. We hypothesized that health-related outcomes differed between healthcare-associated (staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec [SCCmec] II) vs community-associated (SCCmec IV) MRSA strains in patients chronically infected with CF.
The magneto-structural relationship in the tetrahedral spin chain oxide CsCoO$_2$
Creators: name: Ali, N. Z.
name: Williams, R. C.
name: Xiao, F.
name: Clark, S. J.
name: Lancaster, T.
name: Blundell, S. J.
name: Sheptyakov, D. V.
name: Jansen, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the structural and magnetic transitions in CsCoO$_2$ using calorimetric measurements, neutron powder diffraction (NPD), density functional theory (DFT) calculations and muon-spin relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements. CsCoO$_2$ exhibits three-dimensional long-range antiferromagnetic (AFM) order at 424~K, resulting in antiferromagnetic alignment of chains of ferromagnetically ordered Co-Co spin dimers. Although there is no change in magnetic structure around a structural transition at $T^{*}=100$~K, the resulting bifurcation of corner-shared Co--O--Co bond angles causes a weakening of the AFM interaction for one set of bonds along the chains. Consequently, the system undergoes a complex freezing out of relaxation processes on cooling.
Low-Energy Electron Microscopy contrast of stacking boundaries: comparing twisted few-layer graphene and strained epitaxial graphene on silicon carbide
Creators: name: de Jong, Tobias A.
name: Chen, Xingchen
name: Jobst, Johannes
name: Krasovskii, Eugene E.
name: Tromp, Ruud M.
name: van der Molen, Sense Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stacking domain boundaries occur in Van der Waals heterostacks whenever there is a twist angle or lattice mismatch between subsequent layers. Not only can these domain boundaries host topological edge states, imaging them has been instrumental to determine local variations in twisted bilayer graphene. Here, we analyse the mechanisms causing stacking domain boundary contrast in Bright Field Low-Energy Electron Microscopy (BF-LEEM) for both graphene on SiC, where domain boundaries are caused by strain and for twisted few layer graphene. We show that when domain boundaries are between the top two graphene layers, BF-LEEM contrast is observed due to amplitude contrast and corresponds well to calculations of the contrast based purely on the local stacking in the domain boundary. Conversely, for deeper-lying domain boundaries, amplitude contrast only provides a weak distinction between the inequivalent stackings in the domains themselves. However, for small domains phase contrast, where electrons from different parts of the unit cell interfere causes a very strong contrast. We derive a general rule-of-thumb of expected BF-LEEM contrast for domain boundaries in Van der Waals materials.
A class of unstable free boundary problems
Creators: name: Dipierro, Serena
name: Karakhanyan, Aram
name: Valdinoci, Enrico
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Free boundary problems
subject: 35R35

description: We consider the free boundary problem arising from an energy functional which is the sum of a Dirichlet energy and a nonlinear function of either the classical or the fractional perimeter. The main difference with the existing literature is that the total energy is here a nonlinear superposition of the either local or nonlocal surface tension effect with the elastic energy. In sharp contrast with the linear case, the problem considered in this paper is unstable, namely a minimizer in a given domain is not necessarily a minimizer in a smaller domain. We provide an explicit example for this instability. We also give a free boundary condition, which emphasizes the role played by the domain in the geometry of the free boundary. In addition, we provide density estimates for the free boundary and regularity results for the minimal solution. As far as we know, this is the first case in which a nonlinear function of the perimeter is studied in this type of problems. Also, the results obtained in this nonlinear setting are new even in the case of the local perimeter, and indeed the instability feature is not a consequence of the possibly nonlocality of the problem, but it is due to the nonlinear character of the energy functional.