cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Auger-dominated carrier recombination and relaxation dynamics within cadmium selenide-based nanoplatelets
Creators: name: Wang, Yana
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2022

description: Two-dimensional colloidal semiconductor nano-materials, i.e., the family of II-VI compound semiconductors, most commonly cadmium selenide, have attracted a significant amount of attention owing to their unique optical properties. Currently, they are considered a promising material system for opto-electronic device applications. It is widely recognized that carrier recombination and relaxation dynamics play an important role in shaping the properties of a particular semiconductor. A detailed understanding of the carrier dynamics is an essential requirement for being able to predict the device potential of material in question. The objective of this thesis is to explore the Auger effect on the carrier recombination and relaxation dynamics within the multi-exciton regime within colloidally synthesized bare cadmium selenide nanoplatelets and cadmium selenide/cadmium sulfide core/shell hetero-structured nanoplatelets. The carrier decay dynamics within such nanoplatelets are analyzed through an inversion analysis method with a bi-molecular recombination rate equation, which shows good description of the bi-excitonic Auger recombination process, the carrier decay transient being converted back into a rate of change with respect to time. Various approaches are employed to smooth the experimental data in order to manage the amplified noise presented during the numerical differentiation process. The relationship between the average number of excitons per NPL and the carrier temperature is also established. Based on this fundamental relation, the effect of the Auger re-heating on the carrier relaxation dynamics is then studied. From this analysis, it is demonstrated that, in the multi-exciton regime, the Auger effect plays a dominant role in the recombination dynamics within cadmium selenide-based nanoplatelets, and that it is effectively suppressed through engineering a core/shell hetero-structure. This effect also dominates the carrier relaxation dynamics after the initial rapid cooling within such nanoplatelets. The results obtained here have the potential to provide broader insight into carrier recombination and relaxation over a wide array of two-dimensional nano-structures. The basic understanding of their behaviors is helpful for the application of these materials.
Introduction: Culture visuelle et histoire du Grand Paris : une perspective photographique
Creators: name: Bertho, Raphaële
name: Keravel, Sonia
name: Pousin, Frédéric
name: Roseau, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Cette journée d'études consacrée à la photographie du Grand Paris inaugure un chantier de recherche sur la culture visuelle qui n'a été qu'effleurée jusqu'ici dans les travaux du collectif Inventer le Grand Paris. Pourtant on ne peut comprendre l'histoire du Grand Paris - sociale, architecturale, urbaine, politique - et son aménagement, sans comprendre les images que cette histoire a produites, et les finalités diverses selon lesquelles elles ont été créées, interprétées, médiatisées, conservées. Ces images sont des archives autant que des représentations, offrant des corpus pour travailler d'autres histoires du Grand Paris. Dans cette perspective, nous avons fait le choix,...
Review on latest progress on Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients and future direction
Creators: name: Sidoli, Lara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent years, the discovery of a new class of Galactic transients with fast and bright flaring X-ray activity, the Supergiant Fast X-ray Transients, has completely changed our view and comprehension of massive X-ray binaries. These objects display X-ray outbursts which are difficult to be explained in the framework of standard theories for the accretion of matter onto compact objects, and could represent a dominant population of X-ray binaries. I will review their main observational properties (neutron star magnetic field, orbital and spin period, long term behavior, duty cycle, quiescence and outburst emission), which pose serious problems to the main mechanisms recently proposed to explain their X-ray behavior. I will discuss both present results and future perspectives with the next generation of X-ray telescopes.
description: Invited talk at the 38th COSPAR Scientific Assembly of the Committee on Space Research, held in Bremen, Germany, on July 18-25, 2010. 10 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in Advances in Space Research
Session 1 : Représenter le Grand Paris contemporain
Creators: name: Keravel, Sonia
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Nous verrons tout d'abord comment un photographe se confronte au territoire métropolitain parisien à travers deux expériences menées par Geoffroy Mathieu : un premier projet intitulé « Le principe de ruralité » qui documente les formes de la ruralité contemporaine dans l'agglomération parisienne ; un second projet « L'or des ruines » (les Regards du Grand Paris – année 4 -Atelier Médicis) qui s'appuie sur des rencontres avec des personnes pratiquant la cueillette. Cette intervention permettra d'évoquer la commande photographique des Regards du Grand Paris, piloté par des ateliers Médicis en coopération avec le CNAP. Contrairement à Geoffroy Mathieu qui arpente seul la métropole parisienne, les...
title: Clay Mineral Reactions and Transport in the Critical Zone
Creators: name: Schroeder, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The expression “Rock+Acid+Water -> Clays+Ions+Bicarbonate” may seem simple, but it encompasses many complex processes working in the Earth’s Critical Zone (CZ). The SE United States Calhoun CZ Observatory (O) has been observing the CZ for decades, leading to new understanding of how geological and human factors impact landscape evolution and management. The distribution of clays in the CZO is linked to the response of land to various factors that influence soil formation. These factors include vegetative cover (such as crops, regenerative pines, and old-growth hardwoods), interfluve order (old ridge-crests versus young legacy sediments), underlying geology (felsic versus mafic rocks), climate change (wetter versus dryer seasons), and denudation rates (erosion rates ranging from 1 to 1000 m/Ma).

Through observations, we have found that plant cover and rooting depth affect soil gas (CO2 and O2) distributions, which in turn affect clay mineral hydrolysis and redox reactions. We have also found that clay mineral signatures show increasing indices of chemical alteration along increasing interfluve orders. Additionally, felsic rocks weather more deeply into the CZ than mafic rocks under similar biota, climate, relief, and time conditions. Furthermore, we have found that the chemical signatures captured in clays may not reflect average conditions, but rather specific points in soil moisture states. Finally, we have observed that rates of material transport within the CZ vary greatly depending on the chronometer used. The CZ constitutes a small volume of the Earth’s clay budget however it is an important clay factory in exogenic cycles.
Magnetic Monopole in Noncommutative Space-Time and Wu-Yang Singularity-Free Gauge Transformations
Creators: name: Långvik, Miklos
name: Salminen, Tapio
name: Tureanu, Anca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the validity of the Dirac Quantization Condition (DQC) for magnetic monopoles in noncommutative space-time. We use an approach which is based on an extension of the method introduced by Wu and Yang. To study the effects of noncommutativity of space-time, we consider the gauge transformations of $U_\star(1)$ gauge fields and use the corresponding deformed Maxwell's equations. Using a perturbation expansion in the noncommutativity parameter $θ$, we show that the DQC remains unmodified up to the first order in the expansion parameter. The result is obtained for a class of noncommutative source terms, which reduce to the Dirac delta function in the commutative limit.
description: 18 pages. Relation to relevant literature clarified in the conclusions, 6 references added
Single-molecule interfacial electron transfer dynamics manipulated by external electric current
Creators: name: Zhang, Guofeng
name: Xiao, Liantuan
name: Chen, Ruiyun
name: Gao, Yan
name: Wang, Xiaobo
name: Jia, Suotang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interfacial electron transfer (IET) dynamics in 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3, 3, 3', 3'-tetramethylindodicarbocyanine (DiD) dye molecules / indium tin oxide (ITO) film system have been probed at the ensemble and single-molecule level by recording the change of fluorescence emission intensity. By comparing the difference of the external electric current (EEC) dependence of lifetime and intensity for enambles and single molecules, it is shown that the single-molecule probe can effcienly demonstrate the IET dynamics. The backward electron transfer and electron transfer of ground state induce the single molecules fluorescence quenching when an EEC is applied to ITO film.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
Visions transversales du Grand Paris, autour de deux expériences photographiques
Creators: name: Mathieu, Geoffroy
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Il s'agit en effet de questionner les stratégies de représentations du territoire métropolitain du Grand Paris autour de deux projets de Geoffroy Mathieu, dont l'un développé dans le cadre de la commande des Regards du Grand Paris. Cela permettra d'aborder aussi la diversité des stratégies (ancrage sur un lieu spécifique, arpentage transversal, typologie de lieux, etc.) mises en place au sein de la commande elle-même depuis plusieurs années par les photographes. Le principe de ruralité ambitionne de documenter les formes de la ruralité contemporaine induites par la persistance ou les nouvelles formes de production agricole dans l’agglomération parisienne. Pour appréhender ce vaste territoire de l’agglomération parisienne aux enjeux multiples dans lequel s’inscrivent les zones de production, j’ai délimité 4 fenêtres d’études de 5 x 10 km parcourables à pied. Ces fenêtres, situées dans la 2e couronne parisienne, ont été choisies pour leur spécificité agricole, leurs enjeux d’aménagement ou pour la variété de leur maillage spatial. Viennent s’ajouter à ces fenêtres des lieux circonscrits accueillant tel ou tel projet de production, d’exploitation ou d’expérience, intéressants par leur caractère innovant et leur situation particulière en lien avec la ville, produisant des paysages inédits. Le projet L’or des ruines, qui s’inscrit dans les Regards du Grand Paris #4, prend le parti pris de la rencontre avec des personnages pratiquant la cueillette avant le choix d’un territoire. Ce sont alors moins les géographies des activités que leurs acteurs qui définissent la méthode. Ce choix oriente le travail vers une dimension narrative qui devient support de la dimension documentaire.
The Dropping of In-Medium Hadron Mass in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Jo, Kwanghyun
name: Rho, Mannque
name: Seo, Yunseok
name: Sin, Sang-Jin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the baryon density dependence of the vector meson spectrum using the D4/D6 system together with the compact D4 baryon vertex. We find that the vector meson mass decreases almost linearly in density at low density for small quark mass, but saturates to a finite non-zero value for large density. We also compute the density dependence of the $η\prime$ mass and the $η\prime$ velocity. We find that in medium, our model is consistent with the GMOR relation up to a few times the normal nuclear density. We compare our hQCD predictions with predictions made based on hidden local gauge theory that is constructed to model QCD.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
title: Navigating the Uncertainty: Rethinking the Relationship of Law and Science
Creators: name: Cabus, Tony
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
It is now well known that limiting the warming of the planet to 1,5°C by the end of the century will require some degree of carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and marine CDR technologies have emerged as a potential solution to mitigate climate change. While marine CDR can be piloted domestically, its maximum efficiency requires international coordination due to transboundary effects. However, the current international legal framework, including the UNFCCC and its descendants, lacks a dedicated regime for CDR, resulting in a plethora of potentially applicable sources of law with different answers on the legality of CDR. Emphasizing the challenges and necessities of coordinating CDR activities on a global level, this presentation addresses the unrealistic optimism of current law to over-rely on clear cut answers from natural sciences. It will explain how the traditional approach of the law needs to be revised to adapt to the scientific realities of climate action. This analysis should provide a reflection on the need for a wider societal debate to solve “trade-offs” issues that lawyers alone are not in a position to solve.
REGREEN Factsheets in Mandarin Chinese
Creators: name: Rizzi, Daniela
name: Utkarsh, Shreya
Publisher: name: REGREEN - Fostering nature‐based solutions for smart, green and healthy urban transitions in Europe and China. Horizon2020 Grant No. 821016.
Year: 2021

description: REGREEN developed a number of fact sheets of NbS from across Europe and translated these into Mandarin Chinese.

11 topics were selected, to reflect the main themes in REGREEN: Biodiversity; Governance; Health and Wellbeing; Education; Water Quality Improvement; Flood Mitigation; Noise Mitigation; Heat Mitigation; Air Quality Improvement; Business Activation; and Urban Design Elements.

This is not an exhaustive list of NbS related topics, but covers quite a bit of ground in supporting the understanding of the benefits and co-benefits that NBS promises to deliver on. A total of 13 cases were selected to illustrate good practices within the mentioned NbS-related topics, and one fact sheet portrayed the co-production process around the delivery of the fact sheets:● The REGREEN Fact Sheets - From Start to Finish● Pollinator-Friendly Food Forest in Dortmund (Biodiversity)● Living Landscapes in Edinburgh (Biodiversity)● Green Roof Strategy of Hamburg (Governance)● Thamesmead Nature Forum of London (Governance)● Farfalle in Tour Project of Turin (Health and Well-Being)● “Let’s make our school a growing place” Project of Santhiá (Education)● Gorla Maggiore Water Park (Water Quality Improvement)● The Reduna Project in Almada (Flood Mitigation)● Green Noise Barrier of Sachsenheim (Noise Mitigation)● Biotope City Vienna (Heat Mitigation)● Green Corridors in Stuttgart (Air Quality Improvement)● RICHWATER®, Reclaimed water for irrigation Malaga (Business)● Green Living Room Ludwigsburg (Urban Design Elements)

This document compiles the 14 fact sheets and complements Deliverable D2.2 NBS Knowledge Base Collective Report.
Critical Phenomena in Long-Range RKKY Ising Spin Glasses
Creators: name: Tabata, Yoshikazu
name: Kanada, Satoshi
name: Yamazaki, Teruo
name: Waki, Takeshi
name: Nakamura, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated critical phenomena in spin glasses RxY1-xRu2Si2 (R = Dy, Tb, Gd). These compounds, where the magnetic moments of rare-earth ions interact by the long-range Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yoshida (RKKY) interaction via conduction electrons, has uniaxial magnetic anisotropy. The separation of the zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization was found only along the c-axis in all compounds, and hence, they are classified into the long-range Ising spin glass. The magnetic anisotropic energies in these compounds are different from each other in two orders of magnitude, from 330 K to 1.8 K, however, the critical exponents are similar. It clearly indicates a presence of the universality of the long-range RKKY Ising spin glasses.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of ICFCM 2011
Additional file 12 of Analysis across diverse fish species highlights no conserved transcriptome signature for proactive behaviour
Creators: name: Rey, Sonia
name: Xingkun Jin
name: Damsgård, Børge
name: Marie-Laure Bégout
name: Mackenzie, Simon
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Supporting Fig. 1. Individual personality identification using both behaviour test and rtqPCR assays. Unique individual running numbers were used to identify proactive individuals scoring positive for boldness and gene expression. a) S. salar proactive individuals N = 18; b) D. labrax proactive individuals N = 5. Supporting Fig. 2. Completeness estimation of Trinity assemblies of Illumina RNA-Seq by BUSCO. Abbreviation: Ss: S. salar; Dl: D. labrax; Trans: transcriptome; Geno: Genome. Supporting Fig. 3. Microarray normalization of D. rerio brain transcriptome. a) Distribution densities of probe intensities were compared before- (a-i) and after (a-ii) normalization; b) Log2-transformed intensities of each microarray were shown before- (b-i) and after (b-ii) normalization. Supporting Fig. 4. Transcriptome gene list of D. rerio brain with annotations. The numbers of annotated genes obtained from [14] are shown in orange; Illumina RNA-Seq sourced annotations [24] are in Dark Green. Supporting Fig. 5. Spearman Correlation estimation of DEGs within each species sequenced by Illumina platform. Heat map showing the hierarchically clustered Spearman correlation matrix resulting from comparing the transcript expression values (TMM-normalized FPKM) for each pair of samples from both species: i.e. a) S. salar; b) D. labrax.
La Préfiguration du Collège international de photographie du grand Paris : projet et rapport d’étape
Creators: name: Poivert, Michel
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Fondé en octobre 2018, l’association de préfiguration du CIPGP active des projets axés sur la conservation, l’expérimentation et la transmission des savoir-faires photographiques. Pensé dans le cadre du réaménagement du quartier d’Ivry Port à Ivry-sur-Seine, les premières étapes ont consisté à appréhender la métamorphose urbaine du quartier et le regard des habitants. Mêlant enquête photographique et pratique partagée au travers de commandes, le CIPGP amorce une méthode qui sera amplifiée tout au long de sa stratégie d’implantation. Visant à terme un ou plusieurs sites, le CIPGP travaille à s’inscrire dans le paysage institutionnel de la photographie à l’échelle régionale en associant les missions d’un futur conservatoire, d’un laboratoire de recherche en art et d’une université populaire.
title: Lake Runstedt – a pit lake for treating polluted water and protecting groundwater
Creators: name: Schultze, Martin
name: Endrulat, Tina
name: Weber, Anne
name: Schroeter, Andreas
name: Wolf, Petra
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Lake Runstedt (near Merseburg, Germany; area 2.3 km², volume 53x106 m³, max. depth 32.8 m) is an artificial lake resulting from lignite mining. The lower part of the former mine void was filled by industrial wastes consisting mainly of ashes but also containing waste from nitrogen fertilizer production rich in ammonium. Ammonium concentrations exceed 300 mgL-1 in the pore water in the deposited wastes and constitute a threat for the regional groundwater resources. For protecting the groundwater, Lake Runstedt was created by filling the remaining space of the mine void above the waste with water from Saale River. The neighbouring pit lakes are managed in a way that groundwater flows into Lake Runstedt from all directions and that there is no outflow except evaporation. Hypolimnetic aerators provide the hypolimnion with oxygen needed for nitrification and reed was established in the littoral as habitat for denitrification. Since completion of the filling in 2003, the system has worked well as documented by monitoring. Usually, limnologists look at lakes as valuable ecosystems that have to be protected. In case of Lake Runstedt, the lake is used as a reactor. This unusual approach should not be a common preference but considered as exceptional option in applied limnology. The presentation will report on the creation of Lake Runstedt, the results of monitoring and research, and discuss the use of lakes as reactors protecting other compartments of the environment.
title: Magmatic and geodynamic evolution of the King’s Trough Complex – the “Grand Canyon” of the North Atlantic
Creators: name: Dürkefälden, Antje
name: Geldmacher, Jörg
name: Hauff, Folkmar
name: Garbe-Schönberg, Dieter
name: Portnyagin, Maxim
name: Schenk, Johanna
name: Stipp, Michael
name: Hoernle, Kaj
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The King’s Trough Complex (KTC) is a major canyon-like structure in the eastern North Atlantic and consists of several deep basins: The huge King’s Trough in the west is flanked by elongated ridges, while at its eastern opening the smaller Peake and Freen Deeps are separated by the Palmer Ridge. The King’s Trough is located in an area of elevated seafloor covered with numerous seamounts, which transitions to the Mid-Atlantic Ridge (MAR) flank toward the west. Here we present major and trace element and Sr-Nd-Hf-Pb isotope data from submarine volcanic rock samples obtained during RV METEOR cruise M168.

Whereas lavas from the eastern deeps show N- and E-MORB signatures and moderately depleted isotope compositions, samples from the western King’s Trough and surrounding seamounts display predominantly enriched OIB-like compositions. This geographic transition would be consistent with involvement of a mantle plume that was located beneath or near the MAR resulting in elevated seafloor of relatively enriched geochemical composition. The troughs probably formed subsequently by rifting and/or transtension when (36 to 42 Ma) the KTC area represented a temporary plate boundary between the Iberian and Eurasian plates. In the east, the KTC cuts into older (not elevated) crust, presumably formed prior to plume-ridge interaction, explaining why samples obtained from there possesses normal to transitional MORB compositions. Age and further isotope data are pending and will reveal if the ridges on the King’s Trough flanks represent younger, plume-related excess volcanism or simply the tops of tilted graben shoulders along the former plate boundary.
INDIGENOUS 'INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY': A CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS
Creators: name: MAZZOLA, RICCARDO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: This study investigates the reasons that prevent the application of Intellectual Property constructs to Indigenous normative regimes governing sacred knowledge. The research specifically concerns Yolngu people of North-East Arnhem Land (Northern Territory, Australia) norms managing the production and exhange of traditional artworks. What is argued is that Western Property law is unable to conceive the "interconnected" and "cosmological" dimension of Indigenous knowledge, since it cannot adequately conceptualize the relationship between Indigenous people and their land. The first part of the study shows how the notion of "land/real property" (as conceived and developed in Western law and legal philosophy) produces both a "dephisicalization" of land, and an ontological partition between humans and the place they inhabit. The second part of the study describes Yolngu way of conceiving land, particularly focusing on the way in which land is "connected" both to people and sacred artworks. Such connection, as it is shown, is mainly implied by the vision of land as a "physical-cosmological continuum". The last part of the thesis shows how Yolngu have tried to translate their vision of artworks into the Intellectual Property lexicon.
Structural coding : a low-cost scheme to protect CNNs from large-granularity memory errors
Creators: name: Asgari Khoshouyeh, Ali
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) are broadly used in safety-critical applications such as autonomous vehicles. While demonstrating high accuracy, CNN models are vulnerable to Dynamic Random Access Memory (DRAM) errors corrupting their parameters, thereby degrading their accuracy. Unfortunately, existing techniques for protecting CNNs from memory errors are either costly or not complete, meaning that they fail to protect from large-granularity, multi-bit DRAM errors. In this thesis, we propose a software-implemented coding scheme, Structural Coding, which is able to achieve three orders of magnitude reduction in Silent Data Corruption (SDC) rates of CNNs under large-granularity memory errors. Its error correction coverage is also significantly higher than other software-techniques to protect CNNs from faults in the memory. Additionally, its average performance overhead on a real machine is less than 3%. The memory footprint overhead of Structural Coding is <27%, but can be reduced to 4.3% with application-specific tuning.
TAGGING BIOCONTROL STREPTOMYCES TO STUDY LETTUCE COLONIZATION
Creators: name: CHEN, XIAOYULONG
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: The ability of the biological control agents (BCAs) to colonize plant tissues is an important feature involved in microbe-assisted plant protection. Plant-microbe interaction research increased especially in the last decade thanks to technological revolution. Molecular methods and the development of advanced microscopic techniques allow researchers to explore gene expression and localization of beneficial microorganisms within plants. The green fluorescent protein (GFP) and its modified version, enhanced GFP (EGFP), more adapt for expression in mammalian cells and GC-rich actinomycetes like Streptomyces, have been widely used as markers to study gene expression, as well as plant-microbe interactions. Aside fluorescent protein approaches, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is another frequently used technique to visualize microbial colonization patterns and community composition by application of specific fluorescent probes. Firstly, we transformed five Streptomyces strains, which showed strong inhibition activity against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, with the EGFP construct by the conjugation method. The conjugation efficiencies varied between the strains, but were comparable to the reference strain. The fitness of transformed strains was similar to wild-type; the transformants maintained similar sporulation, mycelium growth rate, and the ability to produce important secondary metabolites and lytic enzymes. Secondly, two transformed strains, Streptomyces cyaneus ZEA17I, and Streptomyces sp. SW06W, were used to study lettuce colonization dynamics by seed coating method. Their spatio-temporal dynamics were determined in sterile substrate. The strains were consistently recovered from lettuce rhizosphere and inner root tissues up to six weeks. Finally, the colonization pattern of lettuce by Streptomyces cyaneus ZEA17I was examined by both EGFP and FISH approaches combined with confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). For FISH-CLSM analysis, universal bacteria and Streptomyces genus specific probes were used to label S. cyaneus ZEA17I. The consistent presence of the labeled strain at the lettuce root one week after sowing showed that Streptomyces spores could rapidly germinate and produce filamentous mycelium on lettuce. S. cyaneus ZEA17I was detected also on two-week-old roots, indicating the long-term survival ability of this strain in lettuce rhizosphere. Altogether, the antagonistic activity, rhizosphere and root competence showed by the Streptomyces conferred their potential to act as BCA. Further studies on the complex host-pathogen-antagonist interactions will provide additional knowledge to understand the modes and mechanisms of Streptomyces-mediated plant protection.
THE EVOLUTION OF CHEMORECEPTION IN THE INVASIVE PEST DROSOPHILA SUZUKII AND OTHER ARTHROPODS
Creators: name: RAMASAMY, SUKANYA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: Chemoreception is the process that allows animals to respond to the chemical stimuli in their environment. In insects, this is mediated by specialized neurons expressing a variety of dedicated receptors and carrier proteins: olfactory (OR), gustatory (GR) and Ionotropic (IR) receptors, odorant binding (OBP) and chemosensory (CSP) proteins. How the evolution of these genes correlates with adaption to new ecological niches is still a debated topic; when these genes arose during arthropods evolution is also an unresolved question. To tackle the first of these issues I have studied these gene families in Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae), an invasive pest that, unlike other Drosophila, oviposits in fresh fruits. I have initially contributed in curating D. suzukii?s genome and transcriptome, and then annotated its entire repertoire of chemosensory genes. Analysis of these genes on a 14 Drosophila phylogenetic framework revealed that ORs, OBPs, and GRs are characterized by high turnover rates and uneven distribution of duplication and gene loss events on the phylogeny: these peculiar evolutionary patterns are consistent with a change in selective pressures. D. suzukii is characterised by loss of function of key ORs that bind volatiles typically released by fermenting substrates, providing with a rare example of ecological adaptation due to genes loss. I further present my work in annotating and studying genes involved in the metabolism and perception of an aggregating pheromone that may play an active role in D. suzukii?s peculiar biology. To inquire the origin of chemosensory genes in insects and other arthropods, I have screened various recently released genomes: I identified multiple lineage-specific expansions of GRs in each of the arthropod clades, an interesting loss of GRs in most crustaceans, and the first genomic evidence of ORs in the Palaeoptera. My postgraduate work has contributed in identifying receptors and ligands that will be used in downstream D. suzukii control applications, and has shed some light in the evolution of chemosensory genes in arthropods.
title: How AlpArray is guiding us to a new model of Alpine orogenesis and status report of the AdriaArray initiative
Creators: name: Handy, Mark R.
name: and the AlpArray Working Group, and members of the 4D-MB
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
AlpArray is changing notions of lithospheric subduction along the Alps and its effects on orogeninc lithosphere. Teleseismic Vp tomography reveals a slab of European lithosphere that is largely detached at and below 150 km in the Western Alps. Only in part of the Central Alps is the slab still attached, possibly reaching down to the mantle transition zone, where it appears connected to subducted remains of Alpine Tethys. SKS directions beneath the Alps suggest that asthenosphere not only flowed passively around the sinking slab, but may have induced the anomalous northward dip of the detached slab segment beneath the Eastern Alps.

The structure of the orogenic lithosphere differs profoundly along strike of the Alps, as revealed by local earthquake tomography, ambient-noise studies, as well as S-to-P receiver-functions and gravity studies: In the Central Alps where the slab is still attached, the exhumed retro-wedge of the orogen overrides a wedge of Adriatic lower crust. In the Eastern Alps where the slab has detached, exhumation is focused in the orogenic core (Tauern Window) north of and above bulged lower crust of presumed Adriatic origin. This indicates decoupling at the base of qtz-rich, presumably hydrous intermediate crust to accommodate coeval Miocene N-S shortening, orogen-parallel thinning and eastward extrusion of orogenic lithosphere.

We propose a new model for Alpine orogenesis that invokes changing wedge stability and migrating subduction singularities above the delaminating and detaching Alpine slab in the east to explain east-west differences in Oligo-Miocene structure, magmatism, erosion and sedimentation in peripheral Alpine basins.
title: New insights into the formation and distribution of Pleistocene tunnel valleys in northern Germany
Creators: name: Breuer, Sonja
name: Bebiolka, Anke
name: Ehrhardt, Axel
name: Noack, Vera
name: Lang, Jörg
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Tunnel valleys are among the deepest erosional structures in formerly glaciated areas. Our project aims to provide a synoptic model of the distribution, dimensions and evolution of Pleistocene tunnel valleys and their infills in northern Germany. The results will be used to assess the potential for future tunnel valley formation, which may pose a threat to the long-term (i.e., the next 1 Ma) safety of a radioactive waste repository.

In the first phase of our project, we produced a new overview map of the Pleistocene tunnel-valley network. From this map, we extracted the tunnel-valley thalwegs and classified them into zones of similar maximum depths. Zones of deep erosion (>400m) follow the large-scale geometry of the North German Basin. The map of maximum depth zones can be used as a planning tool for long-term safety assessments.

The next phase of our project includes a regional analysis of the tunnel valley network and local case studies. The regional analysis will compare the trends observed in the tunnel-valley network with regional geological features such as faults, salt structures and basin-fill architecture. The correlation between tunnel-valley trends and faults is ambiguous. Parallel trends occur mainly where ice advance directions were parallel to fault trends.

As a first case study, we use high-resolution 3D seismic data from the German North Sea that image two intersecting tunnel valleys. Initial results show at least three distinct seismic units correlating with different sediment types and patterns, and possible multiple use of the tunnel valley.
title: Control of disease due to perennially transmitted malaria in children of rural Sierra Leone.
Creators: name: Marbiah, NT
Publisher: name: London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine
Year: 1996

description: The effects of the community-wide use of lambdcyhalothrin-impregnated mosquito nets and fortnightly Maloprim/Vplacebo prophylaxis, singly or in combination, were assessed in a randomised controlled trial as control measures to reduce disease due to perennially transmitted Plasmodium falciparum in children of Bo district, Southern Sierra Leone. Age-specific illness thresholds of 2000 Plasmodium falciparum parasites/ul for children younger than 24 months and a corresponding level of 5000 Plasmodium falciparum parasites for older children, together with fever, were used as case definitions of clinical malaria. Using an active case detection scheme, children were clinically screened and thick smears for parasitological diagnosis collected from those fulfilling any one or more of the set of sampling criteria. A series of cross-sectional surveys (pre-rain and immediately post rainy season) were also conducted during which, in addition to clinical and parasitological data, spleen size and haematocrit level were assessed for all children irrespective of health status. A 49% protective efficacy against cases of Plasmodium falciparum clinical malaria was demonstrated in children using the insecticide-impregnated mosquito nets. The impact of combining MaloprimR prophylaxis with use of the lambdacyhalothrin-impregnated mosquito nets resulted in a 72% protective efficacy against disease due to Plasmodium falciparum. The interventions unexpectedly demonstrated a significant impact on some of the traditional malariometric indices; reducing the average spleen rate and the geometric mean parasite density. It was found that children using the impregnated mosquito nets exhibited the largest increase in the mean haematocrit level documented during this trial (which lasted a year). These results provide additional evidences that synthetic pyrethroid-impregnated mosquito nets have the potential of serving as an alternative strategy for the control of disease due to perennially transmitted Plasmodium falciparum.
Quantum refrigerator driven by current noise
Creators: name: Chen, Yi-Xin
name: Li, Sheng-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We proposed a scheme to implement a self-contained quantum refrigerator system composed of three rf-SQUID qubits, or rather, flux-biased phase qubits. The three qubits play the roles of the target, the refrigerator and the heat engine respectively. We provide different effective temperatures for the three qubits, by imposing external current noises of different strengths. The differences of effective temperatures give rise to the flow of free energy and that drives the refrigerator system to cool down the target. We also show that the efficiency of the system approaches the Carnot efficiency.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
IRAS 15099-5856: Remarkable Mid-Infrared Source with Prominent Crystalline Silicate Emission Embedded in the Supernova Remnant MSH15-52
Creators: name: Koo, Bon-Chul
name: McKee, Christopher F.
name: Suh, Kyung-Won
name: Moon, Dae-Sik
name: Onaka, Takashi
name: Burton, Michael G.
name: Hiramatsu, Masaaki
name: Bessell, Michael S.
name: Gaensler, B. M.
name: Kim, Hyun-Jeong
name: Lee, Jae-Joon
name: Jeong, Woong-Seob
name: Lee, Ho-Gyu
name: Im, Myungshin
name: Tatematsu, Kenichi
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
name: Ezawa, Hajime
name: Wilson, Grant
name: Yun, Min S.
name: Hughes, David H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new mid-infrared observations of the remarkable object IRAS 15099-5856 using the space telescopes AKARI and Spitzer, which demonstrate the presence of prominent crystalline silicate emission in this bright source. IRAS 15099-5856 has a complex morphology with a bright central compact source (IRS1) surrounded by knots, spurs, and several extended (~4') arc-like filaments. The source is seen only at >= 10 um. The Spitzer MIR spectrum of IRS1 shows prominent emission features from Mg-rich crystalline silicates, strong [Ne II] 12.81 um and several other faint ionic lines. We model the MIR spectrum as thermal emission from dust and compare with the Herbig Be star HD 100546 and the luminous blue variable R71, which show very similar MIR spectra. Molecular line observations reveal two molecular clouds around the source, but no associated dense molecular cores. We suggest that IRS1 is heated by UV radiation from the adjacent O star Muzzio 10 and that its crystalline silicates most likely originated in a mass outflow from the progenitor of the supernova remnant (SNR) MSH 15-52. IRS1, which is embedded in the SNR, could have been shielded from the SN blast wave if the progenitor was in a close binary system with Muzzio 10. If MSH15-52 is a remnant of Type Ib/c supernova (SN Ib/c), as has been previously proposed, this would confirm the binary model for SN Ib/c. IRS1 and the associated structures may be the relics of massive star death, as shaped by the supernova explosion, the pulsar wind and the intense ionizing radiation of the embedded O star.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, Fig. 5 revised. Accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Current understanding of sources and quantities of geological and biological methane emissions into the atmosphere
Creators: name: Etiope, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Methane (CH4) is an important greenhouse gas, but our understanding of the magnitude of its sources is fraught with considerable uncertainties. Quite neglected in early atmospheric methane budget studies, Earth’s degassing is today considered a major natural source of methane. Geological (natural fossil) methane emissions, including gas seepage in petroliferous sedimentary basins (macro-seeps, microseepage, marine seepage) and geothermal exhalations, were estimated at the global scale by several research groups, based on bottom-up and top-down procedures, and accounting for ~40-50 Tg CH4 yr-1 (latest review and discussions on conflicting estimates are in Etiope and Schwietzke, 2019, and Thornton et al. 2021). This value is equivalent to roughly one-third of the average emission attributed to wetlands, and it rivals with the high uncertainty of freshwater sources. Global gridded mapping was developed to provide the spatial distribution of the geological methane sources, as well as their isotopic (13C/12C) composition and potential intensity (Etiope et al. 2019), and it has been used to refine fossil fuel industry and microbial CH4 emission budget. Geological emission breakdown at continental scale could be derived (e.g., Petrescu et al. 2023), with the emission values that must be considered only in terms of “order of magnitude”. The geo-CH4 sources are now included in the methane budget of the Global Carbon Project (Saunois et al. 2020), where they are compared to other natural and anthropogenic sources, including an analysis of double-counting with some biological sources. Correct definitions, source attribution, uncertainties and limits define the roadmap strategy for refining emission estimates.
Additional file 1 of Association between PPARγ, PPARGC1A, and PPARGC1B genetic variants and susceptibility of gastric cancer in an Eastern Chinese population
Creators: name: Chen, Boyang
name: Wang, Yafeng
name: Tang, Weifeng
name: Chen, Yu
name: Liu, Chao
name: Kang, Mingqiang
name: Xie, Jinbiao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table S1.
IN AND OUT OF CATCHMENT AREASBETWEEN AVOIDANCE AND MULTICULTURALISM: EXPLORING THE TRANSITION TO LOWER SECONDARY SCHOOL IN MILAN
Creators: name: CAVALLO, CRISTINA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2018

description: In Italy, after the School Autonomy Reform, parents are granted freedom of choice of school since the first levels of education. Therefore, parents may enroll their children in the preferred primary or lower secondary school, regardless of the catchment area system. While research has long underlined how parents? schooling decisions may produce and reproduce inequalities on a social and ethnic basis, in schools and urban areas, the choice of common core curriculum school has been rarely explored in Italian sociological research. The present study aims to bridge this gap in the literature, focusing on public lower secondary school choice in the city of Milan, with the aim of understanding on the basis of which declared criteria Italian parents orient their choices, how these choices are mediated by class resources and to what extent strategies of avoidance and closure are in put in place.
Les Sismographes, un laboratoire photographique de l'expérience du territoire métropolitain
Creators: name: Blanc, Raphaële Bertho Et Emmanuelle
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Entre 2017 et 2020, onze photographes prennent le pouls de la métropole Grand paris. Ils arpentent ses reliefs, attentifs aux traces laissées par les mouvements tectoniques à l’œuvre dans les pratiques, les aménagements ou l’imaginaire. Ils se font sismo-graphes de ces transformations, parfois brutales, parfois plus lentes. Car en changeant d’échelle, le Grand Paris change intrinsèquement de nature et la ville laisse place à l’ « après-ville », à une condition urbaine considérée comme informe et infigurable. Il s’agit donc de s’atteler à la tâche de parcourir ces territoires, ces lieux, ces histoires pour en proposer un récit visuel renouvelé. Une impulsion qui s’accompagne immédiatement d’une évidence : l’invention d’une nouvelle poétique de l’expérience exige de changer les termes même de cette expérience. Laissant de côté la posture de l’auteur solitaire, les photographes choisissent de travailler en communauté à la recherche de cet « en-commun » grand parisien. Les déambulations urbaines et imaginaires ne suivent pas le tracé d’un itinéraire guidé par l’expertise des lieux ou l’inventaire des sites. Ils se fient aux tremblements ressentis ensemble sur le terrain, moments rares où ces artistes aux parcours parfois divergents se retrouvent dans une même émotion, dans un même intérêt, où leurs regards convergent au même endroit. Ainsi se déterminent les épicentres du Grand Paris proposés ici, lieux à la fois singuliers et communs. Marqués par leurs situations géographiques, historiques, politiques particulières, ils acquièrent une dimension métaphorique et incarnent chacun un des versants de l’ « après-ville » émergente.
Collectif "Penser l’urbain par l’image". Retour sur des expériences de recherche dans le Grand Paris
Creators: name: Cuny, Cécile
Publisher: name: Collectif Inventer le Grand Paris
Year: 2020

description: Le collectif franco-allemand Penser l’urbain par l’image réunit depuis 2012 des anthropologues, architectes, géographes, sociologues, urbanistes également photographes et/ou vidéastes et des artistes pour explorer de manière expérimentale les potentialités du film et de la photographie dans la recherche urbaine. La photographie y est abordée comme une pratique d’écriture sensible et collaborative des espaces urbains, développée dans un rapport critique avec leurs représentations sociales, politiques et savantes. Nous proposons d’illustrer ce positionnement à partir de l’exemple des « itinéraires photographiques », une démarche formalisée par Jean-Yves Petiteau à l’occasion de plusieurs collaborations avec des photographes. Expérimentée par plusieurs membres du collectif dans différents contextes de recherche, cette démarche a aussi été l’occasion d’une exploration des « coulisses logistiques » du Grand Paris avec leurs ouvrières et ouvriers.