cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deux décisions de la Cour Suprême du Canada sur le suicide médicalement assisté de Rodriguez (1993) à Carter (2015) : parle-t-on toujours du même geste ?
Creators: name: Pilliat, Gabrielle
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2017
Subjects: Suicide médicalement assisté
Aide médicale à mourir
Médicalisation de la société
Médicalisation de la mort
Suicide
Souffrance
Dignité
Autonomie
Mourants
Séquestration des mourants
Caractère sacré de la vie
Qualité de la vie
Choix
Vie
Liberté
Médecin
Vitaliste
Vulnérable
Crime
Naturalisation

description: Avec l'arrêt Carter (2015), la Cour Suprême du Canada (CSC) a statué que les articles 14 et 241b) du Code criminel canadien (CCC), prohibant le suicide médicalement assisté, étaient inconstitutionnels. Elle bouleversait de ce fait un jugement émis par la Cour Suprême en 1993 (arrêt Rodriguez). Que s’est-il passé entre 1993 et 2015 pour qu’une décision juridique aboutisse à des conclusions si différentes ? Afin de répondre à cette question, nous sommes retournées dans le passé et avons pu voir que la médicalisation de la société, la sécularisation de la mort et la décriminalisation progressive du suicide, constituaient autant de facteurs permettant de comprendre pourquoi, en 2015, certaines personnes demandaient le SMA. Inspirée d'une démarche inductive, notre analyse des deux arrêts de la CSC ne nous a pas permis de répondre à notre question initiale comme telle, mais elle a su identifier des bougés substantiels sur trois thématiques : 1) la valeur de la vie, 2) le statut et le rôle du patient et 3) le rôle et le statut du médecin. Alors qu'en 1993, la vie est vue comme sacrée en tant que telle et doit être protégée ; elle reste essentielle en 2015, mais vaut surtout pour sa qualité (subjective). Dans ce contexte, le choix personnel de mettre fin à une vie sans qualité devient légitime (sous certaines conditions). Ensuite, si le patient est globalement réduit à sa vulnérabilité et à son manque de discernement en 1993, il est réhabilité en 2015 dans sa capacité à poser des jugements et à faire des choix éclairés, certes nécessairement sous l'égide d'une autorité médicale. Enfin, mis en doute, voire mis en cause quant aux garanties morales qu'il pouvait donner à la société en 1993, le médecin devient le garde-fou éthique par excellence en 2015.
Modulating the global orientation bias of the visual system changes population receptive field elongations
Creators: name: Merkel, Christian
name: Hopf, Jens-Max
name: Schoenfeld, Mircea Ariel
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional MRI
subject: Orientation adapter
subject: Population receptive fields
subject: 150.72

description: The topographical structure of the visual system in individual subjects can be visualized using fMRI. Recently, a radial bias for the long axis of population receptive fields (pRF) has been shown using fMRI. It has been theorized that the elongation of receptive fields pointing toward the fovea results from horizontal local connections bundling orientation selective units mostly parallel to their polar position within the visual field. In order to investigate whether there is a causal relationship between orientation selectivity and pRF elongation the current study employed a global orientation adapter to modulate the orientation bias for the visual system while measuring spatial pRF characteristics. The hypothesis was that the orientation tuning change of neural populations would alter pRF elongations toward the fovea particularly at axial positions parallel and orthogonal to the affected orientation. The results indeed show a different amount of elongation of pRF units and their orientation at parallel and orthogonal axial positions relative to the adapter orientation. Within the lower left hemifield, pRF radial bias and elongation showed an increase during adaptation to a 135 grating while both parameters decreased during the presentation of a 45 adapter stimulus. The lower right visual field showed the reverse pattern. No modulation of the pRF topographies were observed in the upper visual field probably due to a vertical visual field asymmetry of sensitivity toward the low contrast spatial frequency pattern of the adapter stimulus. These data suggest a direct relationship between orientation selectivity and elongation of population units within the visual cortex.
Amsterdam house price ripple effects in the Netherlands
Creators: name: Teye, Alfred Larm
name: Knoppel, Michiel
name: De Haan, Jan
name: Elsinga, Marja
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2018

description: Purpose: This paper examines the existence of the ripple effect from Amsterdam to the housing markets of other regions in the Netherlands. It identifies which regional housing markets are influenced by house price movements in Amsterdam. Design/methodology/approach: The paper considers the ripple effect as a lead-lag effect and a long-run convergence between the Amsterdam and regional house prices. Using the real house prices for second-hand owner-occupied dwellings from 1995q1 to 2016q2, the paper adopts the Toda-Yamamoto Granger Causality approach to study the lead-lag effects. It uses the ARDL-Bounds cointegration techniques to examine the long-run convergence between the regional and the Amsterdam house prices. The paper controls for house price fundamentals to eliminate possible confounding effects of common shocks. Findings: The cumulative evidence suggests that Amsterdam house prices have influence on (or ripple to) all the Dutch regions, except one. In particular, the Granger Causality test concludes that a lead-lag effect of house prices exists from Amsterdam to all the regions, apart from Zeeland. The cointegration test shows evidence of a long-convergence between Amsterdam house prices and six regions: Friesland, Groningen, Limburg, Overijssel, Utrecht and Zuid-Holland. Research limitations/implications: The paper adopts an econometric approach to examine the Amsterdam ripple effect. More sophisticated economic models that consider the asymmetric properties of house prices and the patterns of interregional socio-economic activities into the modelling approach are recommended for further investigation. Originality/value: This paper focuses on the Netherlands for which the ripple effect has not yet been researched to our knowledge. Given the substantial wealth effects associated with house price changes that may shape economic activity through consumption, evidence for ripples may be helpful to policy makers for uncovering trends that have implications for the entire economy. Moreover, our analysis controls for common house price fundamentals which most previous papers ignored.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 3 (2018): Diffusion and Risks of House Prices in the Netherlands
The BCS functional of superconductivity and its mathematical properties
Creators: name: Hainzl, Christian
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review recent results concerning the mathematical properties of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) functional of superconductivity, which were obtained in a series of papers partly in collaboration with R. Frank, E. Hamza, S. Naboko, and J.P. Solovej. Our discussion includes, in particular, an investigation of the critical temperature for a general class of interaction potentials, as well as a study of its dependence on external fields. We shall explain how the Ginzburg-Landau model can be derived from the BCS theory in a suitable parameter regime.
description: 54 pages
Brief an [Friedrich Arnold] Klockenbring
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1773

description: Bemerkungen und Besserungsvorschläge zu der von Klockenbring gegründeten Witwenversicherung.
description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Druck: Lambert, Johann Heinrich. - Joh. Heinrich Lamberts deutscher gelehrter Briefwechsel / herausg. von Joh. Bernoulli. - Berlin 1782, 2, S.263-265
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
description: Bl. 356: Visitenkarte von Klockenbring
Risks and interrelationships of subdistrict house prices
Creators: name: Teye, Alfred Larm
name: De Haan, Jan
name: Elsinga, Marja
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2018

description: This paper uses individual house transaction data from 1995 to 2014 in Amsterdam to explore the risks and interrelationships of the subdistrict house prices. Simple indicators suggest that house prices grow faster and are more risky in the central business district and its immediate surrounding areas than in the peripherals. Furthermore, we observe an over time decreasing inter-variations between the subdistrict house price growth rates, whereas we find a lead-lag and house price causal flow from the more central to the peripheral subdistricts.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 3 (2018): Diffusion and Risks of House Prices in the Netherlands
Effects of natural polyphenol-rich pomegranate juice on the acute and delayed response of Homocysteine and steroidal hormones following weightlifting exercises : a double-blind, placebo-controlled trial
Creators: name: Ammar, Achraf
name: Turki, Mouna
name: Trabelsi, Khaled
name: Bragazzi, Nicola Luigi
name: Boukhris, Omar
name: Bouaziz, Mohamed
name: Ayadi, Fatma
name: El-Abed, Kais
name: Driss, Tarak
name: Souissi, Nizar
name: Chtourou, Hamdi
name: Bailey, Stephen J.
name: Hökelmann, Anita
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Supplementation
subject: Testosterone
subject: Cardio-vascular health
subject: Antioxidant
subject: 610

description: Background:Maximal strength-speed exercise is a powerful stimulus to acutely increase concentrations ofcirculating steroid hormones and homocysteine [Hcy]. There is some evidence that antioxidant beverages rich inpolyphenols can attenuate [Hcy] levels and modulate endocrine responses in favor of an anabolic environment.Polyphenols-rich pomegranate (POM) have been reported to possess one of the highest antioxidant capacitiescompared to other purported nutraceuticals and other food stuffs. Studies focused on proving the beneficial effectof POM consumption during maximal strength exercises have only measured physical performance, muscledamage, oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, while POM effects on [Hcy] and hormonal adaptations arelacking. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of consuming natural polyphenol-richpomegranate juice (POMj) on the acute and delayed [Hcy] and steroidal hormonal responses to a weightliftingexercises session.Methods:Nine elite weightlifters (21.0 ± 1 years) performed two Olympic-weightlifting sessions after ingestingeither the placebo (PLA) or POMj supplements. Venous blood samples were collected at rest and 3 min and 48 hafter each session. Results:Compared to baseline values, circulating cortisol [C] decreased (p< 0.01) and testosterone/cortisol [T/C]ratio increased immediately following the training session in both PLA and POMj conditions (p= 0.003 for PLA andp= 0.02 for POM). During the 48 h recovery period, all tested parameters were shown to recover to baseline valuesin both conditions with significant increases in [C] and decreases in [T/C] (p< 0.01 for PLA andp< 0.05 for POMj)from 3 min to 48 h post-exercises. Compared to PLA, a lower level of plasma testosterone [T] was registered 3 minpost exercise using POMj supplementation (p= 0.012) and a significant decrease (p= 0.04, %change =−14%) inplasma [Hcy] was registered during the 48 h recovery period only using POMj. A moderate correlation wasobserved between [Hcy] and [T] responses (p= 0.002,r=−0.50).Conclusion:In conclusion, supplementation with POMj has the potential to attenuate the acute plasma [T]response, but did not effect 48 h recovery kinetics of [Hcy] following weightlifting exercise. Further studiesinvestigating androgen levels in both plasma and muscular tissue are needed to resolve the functionalconsequences of the observed acute POMj effect on plasma [T].
Concentration of Adenoviruses and Noroviruses from Seawater with Argonide Nanoceram Cartridge Filters: Method Effectiveness and Occurrence in Southern California Recreational Waters
Creators: name: Gibbons, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The goals of this study were to evaluate Argonide Nanoceram cartridge filters for concentrating adenoviruses and noroviruses from seawater and then apply them to Southern California recreational water samples. The filters were challenged with 20-40 L of seawater seeded with test viruses; the recoveries of adenoviruses and noroviruses were 3.2% (± 2.3%) and 111% (± 28%), respectively. PEG precipitation was used as a secondary concentration step, and recovery rates with optimized conditions were 34% (± 12%) for adenovirus, and 59% (± 4.8%) for norovirus. These methods were applied to seawater samples from two Southern California beaches for the detection of both viruses. For Doheny Beach, 24 and 21 of 93 samples were positive for adenovirus and norovirus, respectively. For Avalon Beach, 26 and 2 of 286 samples were positive for adenovirus and norovirus, respectively. The presence of enteric viruses was not associated with the presence of coliphages in this study.
Brief an [Abraham Gotthelf] Kästner
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1772

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Effects of aerobic-, anaerobic- and combined-based exercises on plasma oxidative stress biomarkers in healthy untrained young adults
Creators: name: Ammar, Achraf
name: Trabelsi, Khaled
name: Boukhris, Omar
name: Glenn, Jordan M.
name: Bott, Nick
name: Masmoudi, Liwa
name: Hakim, Ahmed
name: Chtourou, Hamdi
name: Driss, Tarak
name: Hökelmann, Anita
name: El-Abed, Kais
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Redox status
subject: Untrained healthy young adults
subject: Physiological responses
subject: Physical exercise
subject: 613.7

description: Currently, it is well accepted that physical exercise-induced oxidative stress may damage biological structures and impair cellular functions. However, it is still unclear which type of exercise results in the greatest oxidative stress responses among a healthy untrained population. The aim of the present study was to compare the acute oxidative stress response (i.e., 0 to 20 min) following di erent types of exercise (anaerobic, aerobic, and combined). Ten healthy, untrained males (19.5 1.7 years) performed three randomized exercise bouts: anaerobic (30 s Wingate test), aerobic (30 min at 60% maximal aerobic power (MAP)) or combined (anaerobic and aerobic). Venous blood samples were collected before, as well as at 0 (P0), 5 (P5), 10 (P10), and 20 (P20) min after each session. Rates of malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant activities (i.e., glutathione peroxidase (GPX), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione reductase (GR), -tocopherol, and total antioxidant status (TAS)) were assessed. Independent of exercise type, plasma MDA, GPX, SOD, and GR contents increased above baseline, whereas plasma -tocopherol decreased under baseline after the test sessions (p < 0.05). Aerobic and anaerobic exercises generated faster responses (at P0) when compared to the combined exercise (P5 to P10) for the majority of the tested parameters. Plasma TAS content only increased following the aerobic exercise at P10 (p = 0.03). Five to twenty-minutes post exercise, the highest MDA response was registered in the aerobic condition, and the highest GPX and SOD responses were recorded in the anaerobic (at P5) and aerobic (at P20) conditions (p < 0.05). In conclusion, aerobic, anaerobic, or combined exercises have the potential to acutely increase oxidative stress and antioxidant activities, but with di erent responses magnitude. These findings confirm that oxidative stress response seems to be dependent on the intensity and the duration of the physical exercise and may help in understanding how varying exercise bouts influence the degree of oxidative stress among healthy untrained young adults.
Computer-aided diagnosis of malignant melanoma using Gabor-based entropic features and multilevel neural networks
Creators: name: Bakheet, Samy
name: Hamadi, Ayoub
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer-aided diagnosis
subject: Skin cancer
subject: Gabor-based entropic features
subject: Level neural network
subject: 621.3

description: The American Cancer Society has recently stated that malignant melanoma is the most serious type of skin cancer, and it is almost 100% curable, if it is detected and treated early. In this paper, we present a fully automated neural framework for real-time melanoma detection, where a low-dimensional, computationally inexpensive but highly discriminative descriptor for skin lesions is derived from local patterns of Gabor-based entropic features. The input skin image is first preprocessed by filtering and histogram equalization to reduce noise and enhance image quality. An automatic thresholding by the optimized formula of Otsu’s method is used for segmenting out lesion regions from the surrounding healthy skin regions. Then, an extensive set of optimized Gabor-based features is computed to characterize segmented skin lesions. Finally, the normalized features are fed into a trained Multilevel Neural Network to classify each pigmented skin lesion in a given dermoscopic image as benign or melanoma. The proposed detection methodology is successfully tested and validated on the public PH2 benchmark dataset using 5-cross-validation, achieving 97.5%, 100% and 96.87% in terms of accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, respectively, which demonstrate competitive performance compared with several recent state-of-the-art methods.
Brief an [Georg Jonathan] Holland
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1769

description: von J[ohann] H[einrich] Lambert
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Home-value insurance and idiosyncratic risks of residential property prices
Creators: name: Teye, Alfred Larm
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2018

description: The recent Global Financial Crisis has reawakened home-owners to the need for protecting their home-equities from possible future house price decline. This paper re-examines the Shiller and Weiss (1999) home-value insurance scheme and proposes a modification that eliminates a large proportion of the idiosyncratic sale price risks of residential properties. Using data between 1995 and 2014 for Amsterdam, the proposed insurance policy shows a higher pay-out efficiency, a higher loss coverage and a greater pay-out probability than the original Shiller and Weiss (1999) scheme. The new home-value insurance policy thus provides better protection for the property sale price risks.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 3 (2018): Diffusion and Risks of House Prices in the Netherlands
Probabilistic wind speed forecasting on a grid based on ensemble model output statistics
Creators: name: Scheuerer, Michael
name: Möller, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Probabilistic forecasts of wind speed are important for a wide range of applications, ranging from operational decision making in connection with wind power generation to storm warnings, ship routing and aviation. We present a statistical method that provides locally calibrated, probabilistic wind speed forecasts at any desired place within the forecast domain based on the output of a numerical weather prediction (NWP) model. Three approaches for wind speed post-processing are proposed, which use either truncated normal, gamma or truncated logistic distributions to make probabilistic predictions about future observations conditional on the forecasts of an ensemble prediction system (EPS). In order to provide probabilistic forecasts on a grid, predictive distributions that were calibrated with local wind speed observations need to be interpolated. We study several interpolation schemes that combine geostatistical methods with local information on annual mean wind speeds, and evaluate the proposed methodology with surface wind speed forecasts over Germany from the COSMO-DE (Consortium for Small-scale Modelling) ensemble prediction system.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/15-AOAS843 in the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Understanding adherence to the recording of ecological momentary assessments in the example of tinnitus monitoring
Creators: name: Schleicher, Miro
name: Unnikrishnan, Vishnu
name: Neff, Patrick
name: Simoes, Jorge
name: Probst, Thomas
name: Pryss, Rüdiger
name: Schlee, Winfried
name: Spiliopoulou, Myra
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tinnitus monitoring
subject: Ecological Momentary Assessments
subject: 006

description: The recording of Ecological Momentary Assessments (EMA) can assist people with chronic diseases in monitoring their health state. However, many users quickly lose interest in their respective EMA platforms. Therefore, we studied the adherence of users of the mHealth app TrackYourT innitus (TYT). The app is used to record EMA in people with tinnitus. 1292 users, who interacted with the app between April 2014 and February 2017, were analyzed in this work. We defined “adherence” based on the dimensions of interaction duration and interaction continuity. We propose methods that are able to predict the (dis)continuation of interaction with the app and identify user segments that are characterized by similar patterns of adherence. For the prediction task we used the data of the questionnaires MiniTF and TSCHQ, which are filled in when the users enter TYT for the first time. Additionally, time series of the eight items of the daily EMA questionnaire were used. The distribution of user activity pertaining to the adherence dimension of interaction duration revealed a very skewed distribution, with most users giving up after only 1 day of interaction. However, many users returned after interrupting for some time. Some of the MiniTF items indicated that the worries of users might have lead to an increased likelihood of returning back to the app. The MiniTF score itself was not predictive, though. The answers to the TSCHQ items, in turn, pointed to user strata (more than 65 years of age at registration), which tended towards higher interaction continuity. As the registration questionnaires predicted adherence only to a limited extent, it is promising to study the activities of the users in the very first days of interaction more deeply. It turned out in this context that the effects of interaction stimulants like personalized and non-personalized tips, pointers to information sources, and mechanisms used in online treatments for tinnitus (e.g., in iCBT) should be further investigated.
Exploration of a novel virtual environment improves memory consolidation in ADHD
Creators: name: Baumann, Valentin
name: Birnbaum, Thomas
name: Breitling-Ziegler, Carolin
name: Tegelbeckers, Jana
name: Dambacher, Johannes
name: Edelmann, Elke
name: Bergado Acosta, Jorge R.
name: Flechtner, Hans-Henning
name: Krauel, Kerstin
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: ADHD
subject: Memory
subject: Novel virtual environments
subject: 610.72

description: Experimental evidence in rodents and humans suggests that long-term memory consolidation can be enhanced by the exploration of a novel environment presented during a vulnerable early phase of consolidation. This memory enhancing effect (behavioral tagging) is caused by dopaminergic and noradrenergic neuromodulation of hippocampal plasticity processes. In translation from animal to human research, we investigated whether behavioral tagging with novelty can be used to tackle memory problems observed in children and adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). 34 patients with ADHD and 34 typically developing participants (age 9–15 years) explored either a previously familiarized or a novel virtual environment 45 min after they had learned a list of 20 words. Participants took a free recall test both immediately after learning the word list and after 24 h. Patients who explored a familiar environment showed significantly impaired memory consolidation compared to typically developing peers. Exploration of a novel environment led to significantly better memory consolidation in children and adolescents with ADHD. However, we did not observe a beneficial effect of novel environment exploration in typically developing participants. Our data rather suggested that increased exploration of a novel environment as well as higher feelings of virtual immersion compromised memory performance in typically developing children and adolescents, which was not the case for patients with ADHD. We propose that behavioral tagging with novel virtual environments is a promising candidate to overcome ADHD related memory problems. Moreover, the discrepancy between children and adolescents with and without ADHD suggests that behavioral tagging might only be able to improve memory consolidation for weakly encoded information.
A criterion for timescale decomposition of external inputs for generalized phase reduction of limit-cycle oscillators
Creators: name: Kurebayashi, Wataru
name: Shirasaka, Sho
name: Nakao, Hiroya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase reduction method is a dimension reduction method for weakly driven limit-cycle oscillators, which has played an important role in the theoretical analysis of synchro- nization phenomena. Recently, we proposed a generalization of the phase reduction method [W. Kurebayashi et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 2013]. This generalized phase reduction method can robustly predict the dynamics of strongly driven oscillators, for which the conventional phase reduction method fails. In this generalized method, the external input to the oscillator should be properly decomposed into a slowly varying component and remaining weak fluctua- tions. In this paper, we propose a simple criterion for timescale decomposition of the external input, which gives accurate prediction of the phase dynamics and enables us to systematically apply the generalized phase reduction method to a general class of limit-cycle oscillators. The validity of the criterion is confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Brief an [Abraham Gotthelf] Kästner
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1771

description: von [Johann Heinrich Lambert]
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Französisch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Single-photon-driven high-order sideband transitions in an ultrastrongly coupled circuit quantum electrodynamics system
Creators: name: Chen, Zhen
name: Wang, Yimin
name: Li, Tiefu
name: Tian, Lin
name: Qiu, Yueyin
name: Inomata, Kunihiro
name: Yoshihara, Fumiki
name: Han, Siyuan
name: Nori, Franco
name: Tsai, J. S.
name: You, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental observation of high-order sideband transitions at the single-photon level in a quantum circuit system of a flux qubit ultrastrongly coupled to a coplanar waveguide resonator. With the coupling strength reaching 10% of the resonator's fundamental frequency, we obtain clear signatures of higher-order red and first-order blue-sideband transitions, which are mainly due to the ultrastrong Rabi coupling. Our observation advances the understanding of ultrastrongly-coupled systems and paves the way to study high-order processes in the quantum Rabi model at the single-photon level.
description: Accepted in Physical Review A. 12 pages, 6 figures
Cathepsin S provokes interleukin-6 (IL-6) trans-signaling through cleavage of the IL-6 receptor in vitro
Creators: name: Flynn, Charlotte M.
name: Garbers, Yvonne
name: Düsterhöft, Stefan
name: Wichert, Rielana
name: Lokau, Juliane
name: Lehmann, Christian H.K.
name: Dudziak, Diana
name: Schröder, Bernd
name: Becker-Pauly, Christoph
name: Rose-John, Stefan
name: Aparicio Siegmund, Samadhi
name: Garbers, Christoph
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cytokine interleukin-6
subject: Trans‑signaling
subject: 610.72

description: The cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6) fulfills its pleiotropic functions via different modes of signaling. Regenerative and anti-inflammatory activities are mediated via classic signaling, in which IL-6 binds to the membrane-bound IL-6 receptor (IL-6R). For IL-6 trans-signaling, which accounts for the proinflammatory properties of the cytokine, IL-6 activates its target cells via soluble forms of the IL-6R (sIL-6R). We have previously shown that the majority of sIL-6R in human serum originates from proteolytic cleavage and mapped the cleavage site of the IL-6R. The cleavage occurs between Pro-355 and Val-356, which is the same cleavage site that the metalloprotease ADAM17 uses in vitro. However, sIL-6R serum levels are unchanged in hypomorphic ADAM17ex/ ex mice, making the involvement of ADAM17 questionable. In order to identify other proteases that could be relevant for sIL-6R generation in vivo, we perform a screening approach based on the known cleavage site. We identify several candidate proteases and characterize the cysteine protease cathepsin S (CTSS) in detail. We show that CTSS is able to cleave the IL-6R in vitro and that the released sIL-6R is biologically active and can induce IL-6 trans-signaling. However, CTSS does not use the Pro-355/Val-356 cleavage site, and sIL-6R serum levels are not altered in Ctss−/− mice. In conclusion, we identify a novel protease of the IL-6R that can induce IL-6 trans-signaling, but does not contribute to steady-state sIL-6R serum levels.
Planetary Nebulae and their parent stellar populations. Tracing the mass assembly of M87 and Intracluster light in the Virgo cluster core
Creators: name: Arnaboldi, Magda
name: Longobardi, Alessia
name: Gerhard, Ortwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The diffuse extended outer regions of galaxies are hard to study because they are faint, with typical surface brightness of 1% of the dark night sky. We can tackle this problem by using resolved star tracers which remain visible at large distances from the galaxy centres. This article describes the use of Planetary Nebulae as tracers and the calibration of their properties as indicators of the star formation history, mean age and metallicity of the parent stars in the Milky Way and Local Group galaxies . We then report on the results from a deep, extended, planetary nebulae survey in a 0.5 sqdeg region centred on the brightest cluster galaxy NGC 4486 (M87) in the Virgo cluster core, carried out with SuprimeCam@Subaru and FLAMES-GIRAFFE@VLT. Two PN populations are identified out to 150 kpc distance from the centre of M87. One population is associated with the M87 halo and the second one with the intracluster light in the Virgo cluster core. They have different line-of-sight velocity and spatial distributions, as well as different planetary nebulae specific frequencies and luminosity functions. The intracluster planetary nebulae in the surveyed region correspond to a luminosity of four times the luminosity of the Large Magellanic Cloud. The M87 halo planetary nebulae trace an older, more metal-rich, parent stellar population. A substructure detected in the projected phase-space of the line-of-sight velocity vs. major axis distance for the M87 halo planetary nebulae provides evidence for the recent accretion event of a satellite galaxy with luminosity twice that of M33. The satellite stars were tidally stripped about 1 Gyr ago, and reached apocenter at a major axis distance of 60-90 kpc from the centre of M87. The M87 halo is still growing significantly at the distances where the substructure is detected.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, To appear in the proceedings of the IAU Symposium 317 "The General Assembly of Galaxy Halos: Structure, Origin and Evolution'', A. Bragaglia, M. Arnaboldi, M. Rejkuba & D. Romano, eds
Brief an [Christoph] Jetzler
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1766

description: von J[ohann] H[einrich] Lambert
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) over the auditory cortex modulates GABA and glutamate : a 7 T MR-spectroscopy study
Creators: name: Heimrath, Kai
name: Brechmann, André
name: Blobel-Lüer, Renate
name: Stadler, Jörg
name: Budinger, Eike
name: Zähle, Tino
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MR‑spectroscopy
subject: Transcranial direct current stimulation
subject: Auditory cortex
subject: Glutamate
subject: 610.72

description: Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is one of the most prominent non-invasive electrical brain stimulation method to alter neuronal activity as well as behavioral processes in cognitive and perceptual domains. However, the exact mode of action of tDCS-related cortical alterations is still unclear as the results of tDCS studies often do not comply with the somatic doctrine assuming that anodal tDCS enhances while cathodal tDCS decreases neuronal excitability. Changes in the regional cortical neurotransmitter balance within the stimulated cortex, measured by excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitter levels, have the potential to provide direct neurochemical underpinnings of tDCS effects. Here we assessed tDCS-induced modulations of the neurotransmitter concentrations in the human auditory cortex (AC) by using magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) at ultra-high-field (7 T). We quantified inhibitory gamma-amino butyric (GABA) concentration and excitatory glutamate (Glu) and compared changes in the relative concentration of GABA to Glu before and after tDCS application. We found that both, anodal and cathodal tDCS significantly increased the relative concentration of GABA to Glu with individual temporal specificity. Our results offer novel insights for a potential neurochemical mechanism that underlies tDCS-induced alterations of AC processing.
The effect of charge separation on the phase behavior of dipolar colloidal rods
Creators: name: Rutkowski, David M.
name: Velev, Orlin D.
name: Klapp, Sabine H. L.
name: Hall, Carol K.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: Dieser Beitrag ist mit Zustimmung des Rechteinhabers aufgrund einer (DFG geförderten) Allianz- bzw. Nationallizenz frei zugänglich.
description: This publication is with permission of the rights owner freely accessible due to an Alliance licence and a national licence (funded by the DFG, German Research Foundation) respectively.
description: Colloids with anisotropic shape and charge distribution can assemble into a variety of structures that could find use as novel materials for optical, photonic, electronic and structural applications. Because experimental characterization of the many possible types of multi-shape and multipolar colloidal particles that could form useful structures is difficult, the search for novel colloidal materials can be enhanced by simulations of colloidal particle assembly. We have simulated a system of dipolar colloidal rods at fixed aspect ratio using discontinuous molecular dynamics (DMD) to investigate how the charge separation of an embedded dipole affects the types of assemblies that occur. Each dipolar rod is modeled as several overlapping spheres fixed in an elongated shape to represent excluded volume and two smaller, embedded spheres to represent the charges that make up the extended dipole. Large charge separations predominately form structures where the rods link head-to-tail while small charge separations predominately form structures where the rods stack side-by-side. Rods with small charge separations tend to form dense aggregates while rods with large charge separations tend to form coarse gel-like structures. Structural phase boundaries between fluid, string-fluid, and "gel'' (networked) phases are mapped out and characterized as to whether they have global head-to-tail or global side-by-side order. A structural coarsening transition is observed for particles with large charge separations in which the head-tail networks thicken as temperature is lowered due to an increased tendency to form side-by-side structures. Triangularly connected networks form at small charge separations; these may be useful for encapsulating smaller particles.
On the Brightness of Surviving Companions in Type Ia Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Noda, Kazuhiro
name: Suda, Takuma
name: Shigeyama, Toshikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The progenitor systems for type Ia supernovae are still controversial. One of the methods to test the proposed scenario for the progenitor systems is to identify companions that are supposed to survive according to the so-called single degenerate scenario. These companions might be affected by supernova ejecta. We present several numerical simulations of surviving red-giant companions whose envelopes were stripped and heated. We find that red-giants with less-massive helium cores ($\lesssim0.30\,M_{\odot}$) can be so faint after the supernovae that we cannot detect them. In addition, we apply the results to the case of SNR 0509-67.5, and put constraints on the helium core mass, envelope stripping, and energy injection under the single degenerate scenario for type Ia supernovae.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Combined optimal torque feedforward and modal current feedback control for low inductance PM motors
Creators: name: Kasper, Roland
name: Golovakha, Dmytro
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimal control
subject: Feedforward torque control
subject: Feedback current control
subject: Permanent magnet motor
subject: 621.8

description: Small sized electric motors providing high specific torque and power are required for many mobile applications. Air gap windings technology allows to create innovative lightweight and high-power electric motors that show low phase inductances. Low inductance leads to a small motor time constant, which enables fast current and torque control, but requires a high switching frequency and short sampling time to keep current ripples and losses in an acceptable range. This paper proposes an optimal torque feedforward control method, minimizing either torque ripples or motor losses, combined with a very robust and computation-e cient modal current feedback control. Compared to well-known control methods based on the Clarke-Park Transformations, the proposed strategy reduces torque ripples and motor losses significantly and o ers a very fast implementation on standard microcontrollers with high robustness, e.g., against measurement errors of rotor angle. To verify the accuracy of the proposed control method, an experimental setup was used including a wheel hub motor built with a slotless air gap winding of low inductance, a standard microcontroller and GaN (Gallium Nitride) Power Devices allowing for high PWM switching frequencies. The proposed control method was validated first by correlation of simulation and experimental results and second by comparison to conventional field-oriented control.
Associations of medications with lower odds of typical COVID-19 symptoms : cross-sectional symptom surveillance study
Creators: name: Urbach, Dietmar
name: Awiszus, Friedemann
name: Leiß, Sven
name: Venton, Tamsin
name: Specht, Alexander Vincent
name: Apfelbacher, Christian
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: COVID-19
subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Statins
subject: Antihypertensives
subject: Surveillance
subject: Hydroxymethyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors
subject: 610.72

description: Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic continues to spread across the globe, the search for an effective medication to treat the symptoms of COVID-19 continues as well. It would be desirable to identify a medication that is already in use for another condition and whose side effect profile and safety data are already known and approved. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of different medications on typical COVID-19 symptoms by using data from an online surveillance survey. Methods: Between early April and late-July 2020, a total of 3654 individuals in Lower Saxony, Germany, participated in an online symptom-tracking survey conducted through the app covid-nein-danke.de. The questionnaire comprised items on typical COVID-19 symptoms, age range, gender, employment in patient-facing healthcare, housing status, postal code, previous illnesses, permanent medication, vaccination status, results of reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and antibody tests for COVID-19 diagnosis, and consequent COVID-19 treatment if applicable. Odds ratio estimates with corresponding 95% CIs were computed for each medication and symptom by using logistic regression models. Results: Data analysis suggested a statistically significant inverse relationship between typical COVID-19 symptoms self-reported by the participants and self-reported statin therapy and, to a lesser extent, antihypertensive therapy. When COVID-19 diagnosis was based on restrictive symptom criteria (ie, presence of 4 out of 7 symptoms) or a positive RT-PCR test, a statistically significant association was found solely for statins (odds ratio 0.28, 95% CI 0.1-0.78). Conclusions: Individuals taking statin medication are more likely to have asymptomatic COVID-19, in which case they may be at an increased risk of transmitting the disease unknowingly. We suggest that the results of this study be incorporated into symptoms-based surveillance and decision-making protocols in regard to COVID-19 management. Whether statin therapy has a beneficial effect in combating COVID-19 cannot be deduced based on our findings and should be investigated by further study.
Brief an [Georg Jonathan] Holland
Creators: name: Lambert, Johann Heinrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1773

description: von J[ohann] H[einrich] Lambert
description: Öffentliche Bibliothek der Universität Basel
description: Deutsch
description: Verzeichnung=Description=Inventaire Juni 2016 HAN-Katalogisierungsregeln Vollständige Rekatalogisierung nach Standortverzeichnis und Briefkatalog
Tissue engineering of cartilage using a random positioning machine
Creators: name: Wehland, Markus
name: Steinwerth, Paul
name: Aleshcheva, Ganna
name: Sahana, Jayashree
name: Hemmersbach, Ruth
name: Lützenberg, Ronald
name: Kopp, Sascha
name: Infanger, Manfred
name: Grimm, Daniela Gabriele
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Tissue engineering
subject: Cartilage
subject: Spheroids
subject: Random positioning machine
subject: Scaﬀold-free
subject: 610.72

description: Articular cartilage is a skeletal tissue of avascular nature and limited self-repair capacity. Cartilage-degenerative diseases, such as osteoarthritis (OA), are diﬃcult to treat and often necessitate joint replacement surgery. Cartilage is a tough but flexible material and relatively easy to damage. It is, therefore, of high interest to develop methods allowing chondrocytes to recolonize, to rebuild the cartilage and to restore joint functionality. Here we studied the in vitro production of cartilage-like tissue using human articular chondrocytes exposed to the Random Positioning Machine (RPM), a device to simulate certain aspects of microgravity on Earth. To screen early adoption reactions of chondrocytes exposed to the RPM, we performed quantitative real-time PCR analyses after 24 h on chondrocytes cultured in DMEM/F-12. A significant up-regulation in the gene expression of IL6, RUNX2, RUNX3, SPP1, SOX6, SOX9, and MMP13 was detected, while the levels of IL8, ACAN, PRG4, ITGB1, TGFB1, COL1A1, COL2A1, COL10A1, SOD3, SOX5, MMP1, and MMP2 mRNAs remained unchanged. The STRING (Search Tool for the Retrieval of Interacting Genes/Proteins) analysis demonstrated among others the importance of these diﬀerentially regulated genes for cartilage formation. Chondrocytes grown in DMEM/F-12 medium produced three-dimensional (3D) spheroids after five days without the addition of scaﬀolds. On day 28, the produced tissue constructs reached up to 2 mm in diameter. Using specific chondrocyte growth medium, similar results were achieved within 14 days. Spheroids from both types of culture media showed the typical cartilage morphology with aggrecan positivity. Intermediate filaments form clusters under RPM conditions as detected by vimentin staining after 7 d and 14 d. Larger meshes appear in the network in 28-day samples. Furthermore, they were able to form a confluent chondrocyte monolayer after being transferred back into cell culture flasks in 1 g conditions showing their suitability for transplantation into joints. Our results demonstrate that the cultivation medium has a direct influence on the velocity of tissue formation and tissue composition. The spheroids show properties that make them interesting candidates for cellular cartilage regeneration approaches in trauma and OA therapy.