cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hidden order and multipolar exchange striction in a correlated f-electron system
Creators: name: Pourovskii, Leonid V.
name: Khmelevskyi, Sergii
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of order in low-temperature phases of some materials is not directly seen by experiment. Such "hidden orders" (HO) may inspire decades of research to identify the mechanism underlying those exotic states of matter. In insulators, HO phases originate in degenerate many-electron states on localized f or d shells that may harbor high-rank multipole moments. Coupled by inter-site exchange, those moments form a vast space of competing order parameters. Here, we show how the ground state order and magnetic excitations of a prototypical HO system, neptunium dioxide NpO$_2$, can be fully described by a low-energy Hamiltonian derived by a many-body ab initio force-theorem method. Superexchange interactions between the lowest crystal-field quadruplet of Np$^{4+}$ ions induce a primary non-collinear order of time-odd rank-5 (triakontadipolar) moments with a secondary quadrupole order preserving the cubic symmetry of NpO$_2$. Our study also reveals an unconventional multipolar exchange-striction mechanism behind the anomalous volume contraction of the NpO$_2$ HO phase.
description: Final version, 12 pages, 4 figures. For Supporting information etc. see the published version (Open Access)
A darkless space-time
Creators: name: Tartaglia, A.
name: Capone, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In cosmology it has become usual to introduce new entities as dark matter and dark energy in order to explain otherwise unexplained observational facts. Here, we propose a different approach treating spacetime as a continuum endowed with properties similar to the ones of ordinary material continua, such as internal viscosity and strain distributions originated by defects in the texture. A Lagrangian modeled on the one valid for simple dissipative phenomena in fluids is built and used for empty spacetime. The internal "viscosity" is shown to correspond to a four-vector field. The vector field is shown to be connected with the displacement vector field induced by a point defect in a four-dimensional continuum. Using the known symmetry of the universe, assuming the vector field to be divergenceless and solving the corresponding Euler-Lagrange equation, we directly obtain inflation and a phase of accelerated expansion of spacetime. The only parameter in the theory is the "strength" of the defect. We show that it is possible to fix it in such a way to also quantitatively reproduce the acceleration of the universe. We have finally verified that the addition of ordinary matter does not change the general behaviour of the model.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures Typos; section V on Newtonian limit added
Microeconometric Models of Rationing, Imperfect Markets, and Non-Negativity Constraints
Creators: name: Lee, Lung-Fei
name: Pitt, Mark M.
name: Lee, Lung-Fei
name: Pitt, Mark M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1987
Subjects: Political Economy

description: This paper provides a theoretically consistent approach to estimating demand relationships in which kink points occur either in the interior or on the vertices of the budget set. There are important classes of problems in developing countries which demonstrate such kinked budget sets including binding non-negativity constraints. This paper also extends these methods to the estimation of production structures. As an application a translog cost function for three energy inputs is estimated from cross-sections of individual Indonesian firms.
Search for a heavy Higgs boson decaying into a $Z$ boson and another heavy Higgs boson in the $\ell\ell bb$ and $\ell\ell WW$ final states in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search for a heavy neutral Higgs boson, $A$, decaying into a $Z$ boson and another heavy Higgs boson, $H$, is performed using a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 139 fb$^{-1}$ from proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}$ = 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The search considers the $Z$ boson decaying into electrons or muons and the $H$ boson into a pair of $b$-quarks or $W$ bosons. The mass range considered is 230-800 GeV for the $A$ boson and 130-700 GeV for the $H$ boson. The data are in good agreement with the background predicted by the Standard Model, and therefore 95% confidence-level upper limits for $σ\times B(A\rightarrow ZH) \times B(H\rightarrow bb$ or $H\rightarrow WW)$ are set. The upper limits are in the range 0.0062-0.380 pb for the $H\rightarrow bb$ channel and in the range 0.023-8.9 pb for the $H\rightarrow WW$ channel. An interpretation of the results in the context of two-Higgs-Doublet models is also given.
description: 53 pages in total, author list starting page 37, 14 figures, 4 tables, published in Eur. Phys. J. C. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/HDBS-2018-13/
A two reservoir model of quantum error correction
Creators: name: Clemens, James P.
name: Gea-Banacloche, Julio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a two reservoir model of quantum error correction with a hot bath causing errors in the qubits and a cold bath cooling the ancilla qubits to a fiducial state. We consider error correction protocols both with and without measurement of the ancilla state. The error correction acts as a kind of refrigeration process to maintain the data qubits in a low entropy state by periodically moving the entropy to the ancilla qubits and then to the cold reservoir. We quantify the performance of the error correction as a function of the reservoir temperatures and cooling rate by means of the fidelity and the residual entropy of the data qubits. We also make a comparison with the continuous quantum error correction model of Sarovar and Milburn [Phys. Rev. A 72 012306].
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Dynamic Gains and Losses from Trade Reform: An Intertemporal General Equilibrium Model of the United States and MERCOSUR
Creators: name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Somwaru, Agapi
name: Diao, Xinshen
name: Somwaru, Agapi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: An intertemporal general equilibrium model of the United States and MERCOSUR is created to analyze the dynamic adjustments in both regions' commodity and capital markets after trade liberalization. Simulation results show that tariff reductions initiated by MERCOSUR have small positive effects on the U.S. production, trade, consumption and investment, and stimulates MERCOSUR's growth, and improves its current account. If tariffs are eliminated by both regions, both regions are better off from points of intertemporal social welfare, international trade, domestic investment, and growth. Agriculture benefits more from trade reform, which implies that ruralagricultural sector might have been a victim of trade protection policies.
Resolving the inner active accretion disk around the Herbig Be star MWC 147 with VLTI/MIDI+AMBER spectro-interferometry
Creators: name: Kraus, Stefan
name: Preibisch, Thomas
name: Ohnaka, Keiichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the geometry of the inner (AU-scale) circumstellar environment around the Herbig Be star MWC 147. Combining, for the first time, near- (NIR, K band) and mid-infrared (MIR, N band) spectro-interferometry on a Herbig star, our VLTI/MIDI and AMBER data constrain not only the geometry of the brightness distribution, but also the radial temperature distribution in the disk. For our detailed modeling of the interferometric data and the spectral energy distribution, we employ 2-D radiation transfer simulations, showing that passive irradiated Keplerian dust disks can easily fit the SED, but predict much lower visibilities than observed. Models of a Keplerian disk with emission from an optically thick inner gaseous accretion disk (inside the dust sublimation zone), however, yield a good fit of the SED and simultaneously reproduce the observed NIR and MIR visibilities. We conclude that the NIR continuum emission from MWC 147 is dominated by accretion luminosity emerging from an optically thick inner gaseous disk, while the MIR emission also contains strong contributions from the outer dust disk.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings paper for the ESO workshop "The VLT in the ELT era", Garching, October 2007
Federated Multi-Agent Actor-Critic Learning for Age Sensitive Mobile Edge Computing
Creators: name: Zhu, Zheqi
name: Wan, Shuo
name: Fan, Pingyi
name: Letaief, Khaled B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As an emerging technique, mobile edge computing (MEC) introduces a new processing scheme for various distributed communication-computing systems such as industrial Internet of Things (IoT), vehicular communication, smart city, etc. In this work, we mainly focus on the timeliness of the MEC systems where the freshness of the data and computation tasks is significant. Firstly, we formulate a kind of age-sensitive MEC models and define the average age of information (AoI) minimization problems of interests. Then, a novel policy based multi-agent deep reinforcement learning (RL) framework, called heterogeneous multi-agent actor critic (H-MAAC), is proposed as a paradigm for joint collaboration in the investigated MEC systems, where edge devices and center controller learn the interactive strategies through their own observations. To improves the system performance, we develop the corresponding online algorithm by introducing an edge federated learning mode into the multi-agent cooperation whose advantages on learning convergence can be guaranteed theoretically. To the best of our knowledge, it's the first joint MEC collaboration algorithm that combines the edge federated mode with the multi-agent actor-critic reinforcement learning. Furthermore, we evaluate the proposed approach and compare it with classical RL based methods. As a result, the proposed framework not only outperforms the baseline on average system age, but also promotes the stability of training process. Besides, the simulation results provide some innovative perspectives for the system design under the edge federated collaboration.
Environment in Three Classes of Endogenous Growth Models
Creators: name: Elbasha, Elamin H.
name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Elbasha, Elamin H.
name: Roe, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Development

description: The implications of environmental externalities are studied within three classes of endogenous growth models viz. the linear technology models, the human capital models, and the R&D and innovation models. The long-run rate of economic growth changes when environmental extemalities are introduced; the direction of change depends on the severity of extemalities and the intertemporal elasticity of substitution. The presence of environmental externalities cause the decentralized growth rate to diverge from the efficient rate. Which rate is bigger than the other depends, among other things, on the valuation of consumption relative to environmental quality. Several policy changes to align the two paths are discussed. The models are calibrated to U.S. data.
Magnetic Excitations in Bilayer High-Temperature Superconductors with Stripe Correlations
Creators: name: Uhrig, G. S.
name: Schmidt, K. P.
name: Grüninger, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The universal behaviour of the magnetic excitations in high-temperature superconductors is described in a model with static stripes retaining only the localized spin degrees of freedom. The stripes are represented by a model of coupled two-leg spin ladders. We start from the results obtained previously by continuous unitary transformations for an isolated spin ladder. A quantitative description of neutron scattering data is reached, using a model for a single cuprate layer with well established values of the exchange coupling constants. The neutron resonance peak is explained in terms of a saddle point in the dispersion of the magnetic excitations. Here we make predictions for bilayer systems with in-phase or out-of-phase stripe correlations. The results may serve as a guide for future experimental analyses.
description: 2x12 pages, 2x12 figures (color and bw version)
Zum Vorhaben einer "katholischen Anerkennung der Confessio Augustana"
Creators: name: Manns, Peter
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 26 Nr. 4 (1977): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 26, Heft 4
Bargaining over governments in a stochastic environment
Creators: name: Merlo, Antonio
name: Merlo, Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Political Economy
subject: noncooperative bargaining
subject: delay
subject: government formation
subject: structural estimation
subject: duration models.

description: In this paper we structurally estimate a game-theoretic model of government formation in a multiparty parliamentary democracy. We focus on the timing and the terms of government agreements in the context of a multilateral stochastic model of sequential bargaining with complete information (Merlo and Wilson (1194, 1995)) where efficient delays may occur in the unique equilibrium. Besides showing that our model yields a good fit to the data on the duration of negotiations over government formation as well as government durations in postwar Italy, we use our estimates to quantify the advantage to proposing and to conduct policy experiments to evaluate the effects of changes in the bargaining procedure. We show that the gains from proposing tend to be quite large. Also, we show that changes in the proposer selection process would not affect either the duration of negotiations or government durations, while the imposition of a strict deadline would in general reduce the incentives to delay agreement as well as government durations.
Measurement of prompt $\mathrm{D}^0$ and $\overline{\mathrm{D}}^0$ meson azimuthal asymmetry and search for strong electric fields in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong Coulomb field created in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions is expected to produce a rapidity-dependent difference ($Δv_2$) in the second Fourier coefficient of the azimuthal distribution (elliptic flow, $v_2$) between $\mathrm{D}^0$ ($\mathrm{\bar{u}c}$) and $\overline{\mathrm{D}}^0$ ($\mathrm{u\bar{c}}$) mesons. Motivated by the search for evidence of this field, the CMS detector at the LHC is used to perform the first measurement of $Δv_2$. The rapidity-averaged value is found to be $\langleΔv_2 \rangle =$ 0.001 $\pm$ 0.001 (stat) $\pm$ 0.003 (syst) in PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}} =$ 5.02 TeV. In addition, the influence of the collision geometry is explored by measuring the $\mathrm{D}^0$ and $\overline{\mathrm{D}}^0$ mesons $v_2$ and triangular flow coefficient ($v_3$) as functions of rapidity, transverse momentum ($p_\mathrm{T}$), and event centrality (a measure of the overlap of the two Pb nuclei). A clear centrality dependence of prompt $\mathrm{D}^0$ meson $v_2$ values is observed, while the $v_3$ is largely independent of centrality. These trends are consistent with expectations of flow driven by the initial-state geometry.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIN-19-008 (CMS Public Pages)
Interpreting microlensing signal in QSO 2237+0305: Stars or planets?
Creators: name: Gil-Merino, Rodrigo
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multiply imaged, gravitationally lensed quasar, QSO 2237+0305, has been the subject of recent optical monitoring campaigns, with its light curves displaying uncorrelated variability attributed to gravitational microlensing by masses in the foreground galaxy. Based on these light curves, it has been claimed that the dominant microlensing population must be a population of free-floating Jupiter-like objects; such a conclusion is not new, with several similar claims in the literature. Historically, however, it has been shown that such conclusions are flawed, with an incorrect interpretation of the complex caustic network that arises at significant optical depth. This paper examines this more recent claim, illustrating that it too is flawed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, A&A Letters accepted; a response to astro-ph/0503018
A generalization of the space of complete quadrics
Creators: name: Ahmadieh, Abeer Al
name: Kummer, Mario
name: Sorea, Miruna-Stefana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14P99, 52B40

description: To any homogeneous polynomial $h$ we naturally associate a variety $Ω_h$ which maps birationally onto the graph $Γ_h$ of the gradient map $\nabla h$ and which agrees with the space of complete quadrics when $h$ is the determinant of the generic symmetric matrix. We give a sufficient criterion for $Ω_h$ being smooth which applies for example when $h$ is an elementary symmetric polynomial. In this case $Ω_h$ is a smooth toric variety associated to a certain generalized permutohedron. We also give examples when $Ω_h$ is not smooth.
description: Accepted for publication in Le Matematiche
Mutual knowledge structures and social coordination: a knowledge-induced equilibrium
Creators: name: Richards, Diana
name: Richards, Diana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1998
Subjects: Political Economy

description: Shared knowledge structures, such as cognitive categories and relationships, are central to the interpretation of a complex social environment and thus play an important role in mediating between individual preferences and group outcomes. This article defines a "knowledge-induced equilibrium" that applies to both cooperative game theory, such as social choice and voting, and to non-cooperative game theory, such as coordination games. This equilibrium concept bridges between interpretive approaches, which emphasize cognitive structures or frames, and positive approaches, which focus on preferences, choice, and the stability of collective outcomes.
Constraining Supersymmetric Dark Matter With Synchrotron Measurements
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The annihilations of neutralino dark matter (or other dark matter candidate) generate, among other Standard Model states, electrons and positrons. These particles emit synchrotron photons as a result of their interaction with the Galactic Magnetic Field. In this letter, we use the measurements of the WMAP satellite to constrain the intensity of this synchrotron emission and, in turn, the annihilation cross section of the lightest neutralino. We find this constraint to be more stringent than that provided by any other current indirect detection channel. In particular, the neutralino annihilation cross section must be less than ~ 3 x 10^-26 cm^3/s (1 x 10^25 cm^3/s) for 100 GeV (500 GeV) neutralinos distributed with an NFW halo profile. For the conservative case of an entirely flat dark matter distribution within the inner 8 kiloparsecs of the Milky Way, the constraint is approximately a factor of 30 less stringent. Even in this conservative case, synchrotron measurements strongly constrain, for example, the possibility of wino or higgsino neutralino dark matter produced non-thermally in the early universe.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Simulating Magnetic Monopole-Defect Dynamics
Creators: name: Lenhart, Gannon E.
name: Royston, Andrew B.
name: Wright, Keaton E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simulations of one magnetic monopole interacting with multiple magnetic singularities. Three-dimensional plots of the energy density are constructed from explicit solutions to the Bogomolny equation obtained by Blair, Cherkis, and Durcan. Animations follow trajectories derived from collective coordinate mechanics on the multi-centered Taub--NUT monopole moduli space. We supplement our numerical results with a complete analytic treatment of the single-defect case.
description: 44 pages, 9 figures. One Mathematica notebook and four simulations included as ancillary files. Introduction written from an undergraduate perspective. v2: reference added and typos corrected. v3: discussion of energy loss due to radiation extended and improved; published version
The targum (1951:Nov. 2 - 1951:Nov. 30)
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: Targum Association
Year: 1951

description: Some University historians indicate that the Targum was first published as an annual in 1867, but of this we have no extant evidence. In January 1869, the Targum as we now know it, made its appearance as a monthly paper that concerned itself with student “literary contributions” and college news as well as serving as a vehicle for bringing news to alumni and the general public. The newspaper, which originally was for sale, varied in frequency over the years as did its title (The Targum, Rutgers Targum, Rutgers Daily Targum, and Daily Targum). The newspaper has continuously been published since 1869 with the exception of 19 months during the second world war, between February 1944 and October 1945. The Targum was published by the students of Rutgers College, and later Rutgers University—New Brunswick represented through the years as the Targum Association, Rutgers Targum Association, and Rutgers College Targum. As a student organization, the Targum operated under the oversight of the dean of students and student government but in October 1980, the Targum became an independent college paper.
Die Confessio Augustana und das lutherische Bekenntnis des gemeinsamen Glaubens
Creators: name: Olivier, Daniel
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 26 Nr. 4 (1977): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 26, Heft 4
title: Revise and Resubmit: An Intertextual Model of Text-Based Collaboration in Peer Review
Creators: name: Kuznetsov, Ilia
name: Buchmann, Jan
name: Eichler, Max
name: Gurevych, Iryna
Publisher: name: MIT Press
Year: 2024

description: Peer review is a key component of the publishing process in most fields of science. Increasing submission rates put a strain on reviewing quality and efficiency, motivating the development of applications to support the reviewing and editorial work. While existing NLP studies focus on the analysis of individual texts, editorial assistance often requires modeling interactions between pairs of texts—yet general frameworks and datasets to support this scenario are missing. Relationships between texts are the core object of the intertextuality theory—a family of approaches in literary studies not yet operationalized in NLP. Inspired by prior theoretical work, we propose the first intertextual model of text-based collaboration, which encompasses three major phenomena that make up a full iteration of the review–revise–and–resubmit cycle: pragmatic tagging, linking, and long-document version alignment. While peer review is used across the fields of science and publication formats, existing datasets solely focus on conference-style review in computer science. Addressing this, we instantiate our proposed model in the first annotated multidomain corpus in journal-style post-publication open peer review, and provide detailed insights into the practical aspects of intertextual annotation. Our resource is a major step toward multidomain, fine-grained applications of NLP in editorial support for peer review, and our intertextual framework paves the path for general-purpose modeling of text-based collaboration. We make our corpus, detailed annotation guidelines, and accompanying code publicly available.
Systematic Heterogeneity:How to Combine Smartphone Related Apps with FIspace
Creators: name: Sundmaeker, Harald
name: Einramhof, Peter
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Business Collaboration; Heterogeneity; Food Chain; AppDevelopment; FIWARE; Future Internet; FIspace; Fruits & Vegetables

description: FIspace represents an Internet based B2B collaboration platform that can be used by actors along the supply chain, and specifically the agri-food chain, facilitating the design and usage of inter-organisational workflows. The FIspace platform was developed by using FIWARE, a European initiative to develop technologies for a Future Internet. At the same time, the requirements of actors from an agri-food related B2B environment were analysed. One of the key requirements was the demand for smartphone-based apps that can be easily used by any actor at any time in the scope of a B2B relationship of different organisations. However, realising inter-organisational workflows with a combination of smartphones and a platform for B2B collaboration raises business related requirements that are specifically in relation to interoperability and security. Therefore, the architectural principles of FIspace supported ecosystems are presented and the concept of developing FIspace software applications is detailed. The latter provides domain specific features and enables a systematic usage of heterogeneous components in business related ecosystems. Furthermore, different development strategies for smartphone apps are analysed to discuss the related implications with respect to effort, costs and interoperability when aiming at a combination with a FIspace supported ecosystem. This is compared with the general principles to develop features within a FIspace ecosystem to systematically identify the implications when integrating heterogeneous software and hardware solutions. The purpose of this paper is to present those design principles that shall help to systematically analyse end-user requirements, which need to be taken into account when developing or designing changes and extensions of a FIspace supported business ecosystem with the help of smartphone apps. Therefore, the paper addresses specifically software developers intending to use FIspace as well as business architects intending to change or design an ICT supported collaborative ecosystem.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 2 (2015)
Web Data Mining and Social Media Analysis for better Communication in Food Safety Crises
Creators: name: Meyer, Christian H.
name: Hamer, Martin
name: Terlau, Wiltrud
name: Raithel, Johannes
name: Pongratz, Patrick
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Crisis Communication; Web Data Mining; Social Media Analysis; Issues Monitoring

description: Although much effort is made to prevent risks arising from food, food-borne diseases are an ever-present threat to the consumers’ health. The consumption of fresh food that is contaminated with pathogens like fungi, viruses or bacteria can cause food poisoning that leads to severe health damages or even death. The outbreak of Shiga Toxin-producing enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) in Germany and neighbouring countries in 2011 has shown this dramatically. Nearly 4.000 people were reported of being affected and more than 50 people died during the so called EHEC-crisis. As a result the consumers’ trust in the safety of fruits and vegetables decreased sharply.
In situations like that quick decisions and reaction from public authorities as well as from privately owned companies are important: Food crisis managers have to identify and track back contaminated products and they have to withdraw them from the market. At the same time they have to inform the stakeholders about potential threats and recent developments. This is a particularly challenging task, because when an outbreak is just detected, information about the actual scope is sparse and the demand for information is high. Thus, ineffective communication among crisis managers and towards the public can result in inefficient crisis management, health damages and a major loss of trust in the food system. This is why crisis communication is a crucial part of successful crisis management, whereas the quality of crisis communication largely depends on the availability of and the access to relevant information.
In order to improve the availability of information, we have explored how information from public accessible internet sources like Twitter or Wikipedia can be harnessed for food crisis communication. In this paper we are going to report on some initial insight from a web mining and social media analysis approach to monitor health and food related issues that can develop into a potential crisis. We have chosen Twitter and Wikipedia as data sources for our study since they’re publicly accessible and reveal what people state about certain topics and what they are looking for in order to answer their questions.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 3 (2015)
TERMINOLOGICAL DICTIONARIES AS A SPECIAL TYPE OF DICTIONARIES IN THE TRADITIONS OF ENGLISH AND UZBEK LINGUISTICS
Creators: name: Egamnazarova, Zaynab
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Experts suggest dividing the parameters of the dictionary and the factors influencing the process of its creation into lexicographic and external factors. The first group of factors is determined by the needs of the user, while the second group reflects the opportunities that arise with the vocabulary. In order for the dictionary to fully satisfy the needs of the user, its design and structure should be created based on lexicographic factors.
On the order reduction
Creators: name: de Medeiros, Waleska P. F.
name: Müller, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we present an extension of the technique of the order reduction to higher perturbative approximations in an iterative fashion. The intention is also to analyze more carefully the conditions for the validity of the order reduction technique. With this in mind, a few simple situations in which the iterative order reduction converges analytically to the exact solutions are presented as examples. It is discovered that the order reduction as a perturbative iterative technique does not converge in the weak coupling limit as most of the known perturbative schemes, at least when applied to these examples. Also, considering these specific examples, the convergence of the order reduction occurs in strong coupling regimes. As a more realistic case, the order reduction is applied to Starobinsky's inflationary model is presented. It is verified that the method converges to the inflationary solution in the slow-roll regime.
What is the benefit of organically-reared dairy cattle? Societal perception towards conventional and organic dairy farming
Creators: name: Christoph-Schulz, Inken
name: Salamon, Petra
name: Weible, Daniela
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: society; dairy farming; perception; expectations; ecologically

description: During the last years, current systems in agriculture and food production have been topic in public discussions. Especially modern animal husbandry seems not to match consumers’ or societal needs any longer. This paper concentrates on the society’s perspective regarding dairy farming in general and diverting perceptions and expectations with respect to dairy cattle either reared organically or reared conventionally. It aims to give orientation to farmers as well as policymakers about the societal point of view of dairy farming.
Six focus groups were carried out in three German cities to capture the scope of opinions and expectations among the population. Three of those groups consisted of participants buying mainly organic food while the other three comprised citizens buying mainly conventional food.
With respect to society’s perception of today’s dairy farming results showed that participants put emphasis on the following topics: the space for each cow was considered as insufficient and not species-appropriate, assumed application of medications as too high, and in particular the prophylactic use of antibiotics as problematic.
Asked about perceived differences between organic versus conventional farming it became obvious that organic in contrast to the conventional farming was perceived as more species-appropriate. More or less, all previously criticized aspects seem to be regarded as irrelevant in organic farming. Some participants showed a very romantic view of organic dairy farming. The most critical point was an assumed high rate of rogue traders among organic farmers.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 3 (2015)
Ultrafast control of material optical properties via the infrared resonant Raman effect
Creators: name: Khalsa, Guru
name: Benedek, Nicole A.
name: Moses, Jeffrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Raman effect -- inelastic scattering of light by lattice vibrations (phonons) -- produces an optical response closely tied to a material's crystal structure. Here we show that resonant optical excitation of IR and Raman phonons gives rise to a Raman scattering effect that can induce giant shifts to the refractive index and induce new optical constants that are forbidden in the equilibrium crystal structure. We complete the description of light-matter interactions mediated by coupled IR and Raman phonons in crystalline insulators -- currently the focus of numerous experiments aiming to dynamically control material properties -- by including a forgotten pathway through the nonlinear lattice polarizability. Our work expands the toolset for control and development of new optical technologies by revealing that the absorption of light within the terahertz gap can enable control of optical properties of materials over a broad frequency range.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
The Balanced Scorecard as a Management Tool for Arable Farming
Creators: name: Paustian, Margit
name: Wellner, Marie
name: Theuvsen, Ludwig
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Balanced Scorecard; performance measurement; cluster analysis; crop farming

description: Management requirements for crop farming are high and will rise in the future. Arable farms are challenged by volatile markets, growing administrative burdens, increasing operating costs and growing competition for land. Management skills have become much more important for farmers in recent years and this trend will continue in the future. There are numerous instruments like accounting software or crop field cards integrated in daily management practice, but there is a deficiency of a fully integrated management system to give an overview of all areas of the farming business. This gap can be closed by the management tool Balanced Scorecard (BSC) that provides an overview of all production and management activities on a farm. Therefore, with the aim to transfer the BSC concept to crop farming, German farmers and agricultural advisors were surveyed to get insights into the success factors and key performance indicators in the four BSC perspectives they consider most relevant for the operational success of arable farms. By the use of a cluster analysis, three different farm types were identified according to their visions and strategies. For the three farm types the key performance indicators that the respondents considered most relevant for farm performance were figured out. Implementation of the BSC to crop farming can result in a big benefit for management practice. The BSC focuses vision and long-term strategy with the main goal to ensure consistency of the farm and increase farm performance.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 3 (2015)
The Need of Dark Energy for Dynamical Compactification of Extra Dimensions on the Brane
Creators: name: Cuadros-Melgar, Bertha
name: Papantonopoulos, Eleftherios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a six-dimensional braneworld model and we study the cosmological evolution of a (4+1) brane-universe. Introducing matter on the brane we show that the scale factor of the physical three-dimensional brane-universe is related to the scale factor of the fourth dimension on the brane, and the suppression of the extra dimension compared to the three dimensions requires the presence of dark energy.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, no changes, to appear in Phys. Rev. D
Legal play : the literary culture of the Inns of Court, 1572-1634
Creators: name: Whitted, Brent Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the social politics of literary production at London's Inns of Court from 1572 to 1634. Pierre Bourdieu's concepts of cultural production are widened beyond his own French academic context so that the Inns may be located as institutions central to the formation of literary and, in particular, dramatic culture in early modern London. A significant part of Bourdieu's research has concerned the establishment of a foundation for a sociological analysis of literary works. The literary field, Bourdieu argues, is but one of many possible fields of cultural production—social networks of struggle over valued economic, cultural, scientific, or religious resources. As a historically constituted arena of activity with its own specific institutions, rules, and capital, the juridical field of early modern London was a competitive market in which legal agents struggled for the power to determine the law. Within this field, the Inns of Court served as unchartered law schools in which the valuable cultural currency of the common law was transmitted to the resident students, whose association with this currency was crucial for their pursuit of social prestige. Focusing on the four Inns of Court as central institutions in the juridical field and their relationship with the larger political and economic forces of London, that is, the field of power, the thesis demonstrates how the literary art associated with these institutions relates to the students' struggle for social legitimation, particularly in their interaction with the City and the Crown. By demonstrating how the structures of literary texts reflect the structures of the relationship between the Inns and other centers of urban power, this analysis examines the pivotal role(s) played by law students in the development of London's literary culture.
Data Protection in Research Data Management
Creators: name: Stoilova, Vasilka
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Why must data be protected and when does the GDPR apply? Which legal requirements must be observed when handling data? 

In this introduction to privacy law in research data management (RDM) we will find answers to these questions and delve into the basics of data protection.

Participants will gain a better understanding of these RDM aspects along with practical tips for their research endeavors.
Robust single-qubit gates by composite pulses in three-level systems
Creators: name: Shi, Zhi-Cheng
name: Wu, Hai-Ning
name: Shen, Li-Tuo
name: Xia, Yan
name: Yi, X. X.
name: Zheng, Shi-Biao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composite pulses are an efficient tool for robust quantum control. In this work, we derive the form of the composite pulse sequence to implement robust single-qubit gates in a three-level system, where two low-energy levels act as a qubit. The composite pulses can efficiently cancel the systematic errors up to a certain order. We find that the three-pulse sequence cannot completely eliminate the first order of systematic errors, but still availably makes the fidelity resistant to variations in a specific direction. When employing more pulses in the sequence ($N>3$), the fidelity can be insensitive to the variations in all directions and the robustness region becomes much wider. Finally we demonstrate the applications of composite pulses in quantum information processing, e.g., robust quantum information transfer between two qubits.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Non-Fermi Liquids in Conducting 2D Networks
Creators: name: Lee, Jongjun M.
name: Oshikawa, Masaki
name: Cho, Gil Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the physics of novel fermion liquids emerging from conducting networks, where 1D metallic wires form a periodic 2D superstructure. Such structure naturally appears in marginally-twisted bilayer graphenes, moire transition metal dichalcogenides, and also in some charge-density wave materials. For these network systems, we theoretically show that a remarkably wide variety of new non-Fermi liquids emerge and that these non-Fermi liquids can be classified by the characteristics of the junctions in networks. Using this, we calculate the electric conductivity of the non-Fermi liquids as a function of temperature, which show markedly different scaling behaviors than a regular 2D Fermi liquid.
description: 7+10 pages, 2+4 figures, Accepted version to PRL
Large dimension Configuration Interaction calculations of positron binding to the group II atoms
Creators: name: Bromley, M. W. J.
name: Mitroy, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Configuration Interaction (CI) method is applied to the calculation of the structures of a number of positron binding systems, including e+Be, e+Mg, e+Ca and e+Sr. These calculations were carried out in orbital spaces containing about 200 electron and 200 positron orbitals up to l = 12. Despite the very large dimensions, the binding energy and annihilation rate converge slowly with l, and the final values do contain an appreciable correction obtained by extrapolating the calculation to the l to infinity limit. The binding energies were 0.00317 hartree for e+Be, 0.0170 hartree for e+Mg, 0.0189 hartree for e+Ca, and 0.0131 hartree for e+Sr.
description: 13 pages, no figs, revtex format, Submitted to PhysRevA
Elicitation session
Creators: name: Baclawski, Kenneth
name: Otaegui, Alfonso
name: Zapana Almanza, Hector
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2016
Subjects: Aymara language

description: Motion: placer -nuku, diffuse action -naka (AO); Case -kama and -kata (KB)
Dependence of the BALQSO fraction on Radio Luminosity
Creators: name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Dai, Xinyu
name: Sivakoff, Gregory R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that the fraction of classical Broad Absorption Line quasars (BALQSOs) among the FIRST radio sources in the Sloan Data Release 3, is 20.5^{+7.3}_{-5.9}% at the faintest radio powers detected (L_{\rm 1.4 GHz}~10^{32} erg/s), and rapidly drops to <8% at L_{\rm 1.4 GHz}~3*10^{33} erg/s. Similarly, adopting the broader Absorption Index (AI) definition of Trump et al. (2006) we find the fraction of radio BALQSOs to be 44^{+8.1}_{-7.8}% reducing to 23.1^{+7.3}_{-6.1}% at high luminosities. While the high fraction at low radio power is consistent with the recent near-IR estimates by Dai et al. (2008), the lower fraction at high radio powers is intriguing and confirms previous claims based on smaller samples. The trend is independent of the redshift range, the optical and radio flux selection limits, or the exact definition of a radio match. We also find that at fixed optical magnitude, the highest bins of radio luminosity are preferentially populated by non-BALQSOs, consistent with the overall trend. We do find, however, that those quasars identified as AI-BALQSOs but \emph{not} under the classical definition, do not show a significant drop in their fraction as a function of radio power, further supporting independent claims for which these sources, characterized by lower equivalent width, may represent an independent class with respect to the classical BALQSOs. We find the balnicity index, a measure of the absorption trough in BALQSOs, and the mean maximum wind velocity to be roughly constant at all radio powers. We discuss several plausible physical models which may explain the observed fast drop in the fraction of the classical BALQSOs with increasing radio power, \emph{although no one is entirely satisfactory}. (abridged).
description: replaced with version accepted by ApJ; more complete analysis; basic results unchanged
Breathing kagome XY quantum magnet with four-site ring exchange
Creators: name: Casper, Niklas
name: Brenig, Wolfram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of trimerization (breathing) of the nearest-neighbor (NN) exchange on the planar XY spin-1/2 ferromagnet on the kagome lattice, including additional four-site ring exchange. For uniform NN exchange, this model has previously been shown to transit from a long-range ordered ferromagnet into a Z2 quantum spin liquid by virtue of the ring exchange. Using quantum Monte-Carlo calculations, based on the stochastic series expansion, we present results for the spin stiffness, the quantum phase diagram, the longitudinal static, as well as the transverse dynamic structure factor. Our results corroborate 3D XY universality also at finite trimerization and suggest a simple continuation of the quantum critical point of the uniform case into a line in terms of rescaled exchange parameters. Moreover, at any trimerization and in the ordered phase the elementary excitations can be understood very well in terms of linear spin wave theory, while beyond the critical line, in the spin liquid phase we find signatures of spinon continua.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures