cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Unicorn in Monoceros: the $3M_\odot$ dark companion to the bright, nearby red giant V723 Mon is a non-interacting, mass-gap black hole candidate
Creators: name: Jayasinghe, T.
name: Stanek, K. Z.
name: Thompson, Todd A.
name: Kochanek, C. S.
name: Rowan, D. M.
name: Vallely, P. J.
name: Strassmeier, K. G.
name: Weber, M.
name: Hinkle, J. T.
name: Hambsch, F. -J.
name: Martin, D.
name: Prieto, J. L.
name: Pessi, T.
name: Huber, D.
name: Auchettl, K.
name: Lopez, L. A.
name: Ilyin, I.
name: Badenes, C.
name: Howard, A. W.
name: Isaacson, H.
name: Murphy, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of the closest known black hole candidate as a binary companion to V723 Mon. V723 Mon is a nearby ($d\sim460\,\rm pc$), bright ($V\simeq8.3$~mag), evolved ($T_{\rm eff, giant}\simeq4440$~K, and $L_{\rm giant}\simeq173~L_\odot$) red giant in a high mass function, $f(M)=1.72\pm 0.01~M_\odot$, nearly circular binary ($P=59.9$ d, $e\simeq 0$). V723 Mon is a known variable star, previously classified as an eclipsing binary, but its All-Sky Automated Survey (ASAS), Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (KELT), and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) light curves are those of a nearly edge-on ellipsoidal variable. Detailed models of the light curves constrained by the period, radial velocities and stellar temperature give an inclination of $87.0^\circ{}^{+1.7^{\circ}}_{-1.4^{\circ}} $, a mass ratio of $q\simeq0.33\pm0.02$, a companion mass of $M_{\rm comp}=3.04\pm0.06~M_\odot$, a stellar radius of $R_{\rm giant}=24.9\pm0.7~R_\odot$, and a giant mass of $M_{\rm giant}=1.00\pm0.07~ M_\odot$. We identify a likely non-stellar, diffuse veiling component with contributions in the $B$ and $V$-band of ${\sim}63\%$ and ${\sim}24\%$, respectively. The SED and the absence of continuum eclipses imply that the companion mass must be dominated by a compact object. We do observe eclipses of the Balmer lines when the dark companion passes behind the giant, but their velocity spreads are low compared to observed accretion disks. The X-ray luminosity of the system is $L_{\rm X}\simeq7.6\times10^{29}~\rm ergs~s^{-1}$, corresponding to $L/L_{\rm edd}{\sim}10^{-9}$. The simplest explanation for the massive companion is a single compact object, most likely a black hole in the "mass gap".
description: 28 pages, 16 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Contracted Representation of Yang's Space-Time Algebra and Buniy-Hsu-Zee's Discrete Space-Time
Creators: name: Tanaka, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the recent proposition by Buniy, Hsu and Zee with respect to discrete space-time and finite spatial degrees of freedom of our physical world with a short- and a long-distance scales, $l_P$ and $L,$ we reconsider the Lorentz-covariant Yang's quantized space-time algebra (YSTA), which is intrinsically equipped with such two kinds of scale parameters, $λ$ and $R$. In accordance with their proposition, we find the so-called contracted representation of YSTA with finite spatial degrees of freedom associated with the ratio $R/λ$, which gives a possibility of the divergence-free noncommutative field theory on YSTA. The canonical commutation relations familiar in the ordinary quantum mechanics appear as the cooperative Inonu-Wigner's contraction limit of YSTA, $λ\to 0$ and $R \to \infty.$
Pattern dark matter and galaxy scaling relations
Creators: name: Venkataramani, Shankar C.
name: Newell, Alan C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that a natural explanation for a variety of robust galaxy scaling relations comes from the perspective of pattern formation and self-organization as a result of symmetry breaking. We propose a simple Lagrangian model that combines a conventional model for normal matter in a galaxy with a conventional model for stripe pattern formation in systems that break continuous translation invariance. We show that the energy stored in the pattern field acts as an effective dark matter. Our theory reproduces the gross features of elliptic galaxies as well as disk galaxies (HSB and LSB) including their detailed rotation curves, the radial acceleration relation (RAR), and the Freeman law. We investigate the stability of disk galaxies in the context of our model and obtain scaling relations for the central dispersion for elliptical galaxies. A natural interpretation of our results is that (1) `dark matter' is potentially a collective, emergent phenomenon and not necessarily an as yet undiscovered particle, and (2) MOND is an effective theory for the description of a self-organized complex system rather than a fundamental description of nature that modifies Newton's second law.
description: 41 Pages, 12 figures, 2 Appendices. Additional references and small changes to the text
Phase Shift of Planetary Waves and Wave--Jet Resonance on Tidally Locked Planets
Creators: name: Wang, Shuang
name: Yang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies found that atmospheric superrotation (i.e., west-to-east winds over the equator) on tidally locked planets can modify the phase of planetary waves. But, a clear relationship between the superrotation and the magnitude of the phase shift was not examined. In this study, we re-investigate this problem using a two-dimensional (2D) linear shallow water model with a specified uniform zonal flow. We find that the degree of the phase shift is a monotonic but nonlinear function of the strength of the mean flow, and the phase shift has two limits of -$π$ and +$π$. The existence of these limits can be explained using the energy balance of the whole system. We further show that a resonance between the Rossby wave and the mean flow occurs when the speed of an eastward jet approaches to the westward phase speed of the Rossby wave, or a resonance between the Kelvin wave and the mean flow happens when the speed of a westward jet approaches to the eastward phase speed of the Kelvin wave. The resonance mechanism is the same as that found in the previous studies on Earth and hot Jupiters. Moreover, in the spin-up period of a 3D global atmospheric general circulation simulation for tidally locked rocky planet, we also find these two phenomena: phase shift and wave--jet resonance. This study improves the understanding of wave--mean flow interactions on tidally locked planets.
Depletion of bright red giants in the Galactic center during its active phases
Creators: name: Zajaček, Michal
name: Araudo, Anabella
name: Karas, Vladimír
name: Czerny, Bożena
name: Eckart, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations in the near-infrared domain showed the presence of the flat core of bright late-type stars inside $\sim 0.5\,{\rm pc}$ from the Galactic center supermassive black hole (Sgr A*), while young massive OB/Wolf-Rayet stars form a cusp. Several dynamical processes were proposed to explain this apparent paradox of the distribution of the Galactic center stellar populations. Given the mounting evidence about a significantly increased activity of Sgr A* during the past million years, we propose a scenario based on the interaction between the late-type giants and a nuclear jet, whose past existence and energetics can be inferred from the presence of $γ$-ray Fermi bubbles and bipolar radio bubbles. Extended, loose envelopes of red giant stars can be ablated by the jet with kinetic luminosity in the range of $L_{\rm j}\approx 10^{41}$-$10^{44}\,{\rm erg\,s^{-1}}$ within the inner $\sim 0.04\,{\rm pc}$ of Sgr A* (S cluster region), which would lead to their infrared luminosity decrease after several thousand jet-star interactions. The ablation of the atmospheres of red giants is complemented by the process of tidal stripping that operates at distances of $\lesssim 1\,{\rm mpc}$, and by the direct mechanical interaction of stars with a clumpy disc at $\gtrsim 0.04\,{\rm pc}$, which can explain the flat density profile of bright late-type stars inside the inner half parsec from Sgr A*.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables; accepted for publication by the Astrophysical Journal
Observational Signatures and Non-Gaussianities of General Single Field Inflation
Creators: name: Chen, Xingang
name: Huang, Min-xin
name: Kachru, Shamit
name: Shiu, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a general study of primordial scalar non-Gaussianities in single field inflationary models in Einstein gravity. We consider models where the inflaton Lagrangian is an arbitrary function of the scalar field and its first derivative, and the sound speed is arbitrary. We find that under reasonable assumptions, the non-Gaussianity is completely determined by 5 parameters. In special limits of the parameter space, one finds distinctive ``shapes'' of the non-Gaussianity. In models with a small sound speed, several of these shapes would become potentially observable in the near future. Different limits of our formulae recover various previously known results.
description: 53 pages, 5 figures; v3, minor revision, JCAP version; v4, numerical coefficients corrected in Appendix B, discussion on consistency condition revised
High-speed, energy-resolved, STJ observations of the AM Her system V2301 Oph
Creators: name: Reynolds, A. P.
name: Ramsay, G.
name: de Bruijne, J. H. J.
name: Perryman, M. A. C.
name: Cropper, M.
name: Bridge, C. M.
name: Peacock, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high time-resolution optical energy-resolved photometry of the eclipsing cataclysmic variable V2301 Oph made using the ESA S-Cam detector, an array of photon counting super-conducting tunnel junction (STJ) devices with intrinsic energy resolution. Three eclipses were observed, revealing considerable variation in the eclipse shape, particularly during ingress. The eclipse shape is shown to be understood in terms of AM Her accretion via a bright stream, with very little contribution from the white dwarf photosphere and/or hotspot. About two thirds of the eclipsed light arises in the threading region. Variation in the extent of the threading region can account for most of the variations observed between cycles. Spectral fits to the data reveal a 10,000K blackbody continuum with strong, time-varying emission lines of hydrogen and helium. This is the first time that stellar emission lines have been detected in the optical band using a non-dispersive photon-counting system.
description: Accepted A&A
The damped harmonic oscillator at the classical limit of the Snyder-de Sitter space
Creators: name: Lawson, Latévi Mohamed
name: Nonkané, Ibrahim
name: Sodoga, Komi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Valtancoli in his paper entitled [P. Valtancoli, Canonical transformations, and minimal length J. Math. Phys. 56, 122107 (2015)] has shown how the deformation of the canonical transformations can be made compatible with the deformed Poisson brackets. Based on this work and through an appropriate canonical transformation, we solve the problem of one dimensional (1D) damped harmonic oscillator at the classical limit of the Snyder-de Sitter (SdS) space. We show that the equations of the motion can be described by trigonometric functions with frequency and period depending on the deformed and the damped parameters. We eventually discuss the influences of these parameters on the motion of the system.
description: 10
AT 2020iko: a WZ Sge-type DN candidate with an anomalous precursor event
Creators: name: Soraisam, Monika
name: DeSantis, Sarah
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Matheson, Thomas
name: Narayan, Gautham
name: Saha, Abhijit
name: Sand, David
name: Stubens, Carl
name: Szkody, Paula
name: Wolf, Nicholas
name: Wyatt, Samuel
name: Hosokawa, Ryohei
name: Kawai, Nobuyuki
name: Murata, Katsuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ongoing Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) survey is generating a massive alert rate from a variety of optical transients and variable stars, which are being filtered down to subsets meeting user-specified criteria by broker systems such as ANTARES. In a beta implementation of the algorithm of Soraisam et al. (2020) on ANTARES, we flagged AT 2020iko from the ZTF real-time alert stream as an anomalous source. This source is located close to a red extended SDSS source. In the first few epochs of detection, it exhibited a V-shaped brightness profile, preceded by non-detections both in ZTF and in ASASSN extending to 2014. Its full light curve shows a precursor event, followed by a main superoutburst and at least two rebrightenings. A low-resolution spectrum of this source points to a dwarf nova (DN) nature. Although some of the features of AT 2020iko indicate an SU UMa-type DN, its large amplitude, presence of rebrightenings, and inferred supercycle period of > 6 yr are in favor of AT 2020iko being a new WZ Sge-type dwarf nova candidate, a subset of rare DNe consisting of extreme mass-ratio (< 0.1) binaries with orbital period around the period minimum. AT 2020iko's precursor event brightened by 6.5 mag, while its decay spanned 3-5 mag. We speculate this superoutburst is associated with a less expanded accretion disk than in typical superoutbursts in WZ Sge systems, with the large depth of the precursor decay implying an extremely small mass-ratio. To the best of our knowledge, such a precursor event has not been recorded for any DN. This result serves to demonstrate the efficacy of our real-time anomaly search algorithm.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; accepted to AJ
Additional file 2 of Evaluation of spider lilies (Hymenocallis spp.) as sentinel plants for orthotospoviruses
Creators: name: Chao, Hsu-Yao
name: Dietzgen, Ralf G.
name: Thomas, John E.
name: Geering, Andrew D. W.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2. Figure S1. A selection of symptoms observed on othotospovirus-infected spider lily leaves. a Hymenocallis littoralis infected with tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV). b H. speciosa infected with TSWV. c H. littoralis infected with capsicum chlorosis virus (CaCV). d H. speciosa infected with CaCV
A tidal disruption model for the gamma-ray burst of GRB 060614
Creators: name: Lu, Y.
name: Huang, Y. F.
name: Zhang, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of a long duration and the absence of any accompanying supernova clearly shows that GRB 060614 can not be grouped into the two conventional classes of gamma-ray bursts, i.e. the long/soft bursts deemed to be collapsars and the short/hard bursts deemed to be merging binary compact stars. A new progenitor model is required for this anomalous gamma-ray burst. We propose that GRB 060614 might be produced through the tidal disruption of a star by an intermediate mass black hole. In this scenario, the long duration and the lack of any associated supernova are naturally expected. The theoretical energy output is also consistent with observations. The observed 9-s periodicity in the $γ$-ray light curve of GRB 060614 can also be satisfactorily explained.
description: 15 pages, ApJ in press
Conserved Matter Superenergy Currents for Hypersurface Orthogonal Killing Vectors
Creators: name: Eriksson, Ingemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that for hypersurface orthogonal Killing vectors, the corresponding Chevreton superenergy currents will be conserved and proportional to the Killing vectors. This holds for four-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell spacetimes with an electromagnetic field that is sourcefree and inherits the symmetry of the spacetime. A similar result also holds for the trace of the Chevreton tensor. The corresponding Bel currents have previously been proven to be conserved and our result can be seen as giving further support to the concept of conserved mixed superenergy currents. The analogous case for a scalar field has also previously been proven to give conserved currents and we show, for completeness, that these currents also are proportional to the Killing vectors.
description: 13 pages
A new perturbative expansion of the time evolution operator associated with a quantum system
Creators: name: Aniello, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel expansion of the evolution operator associated with a -- in general, time-dependent -- perturbed quantum Hamiltonian is presented. It is shown that it has a wide range of possible realizations that can be fitted according to computational convenience or to satisfy specific requirements. As a remarkable example, the quantum Hamiltonian describing a laser-driven trapped ion is studied in detail.
description: 32 pages; modified version with examples of my previous paper quant-ph/0404056; to appear on the J. of Optics B: Quantum and Semiclassical Optics, Special Issue on 'Optics and Squeeze Transformations after Einstein'
A theoretical and historical analysis of pertinence- and provenance-based concepts of classification of archives
Creators: name: Giroux, Alain
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes the main systems of classification used in public archives since the end of the eighteenth century. It provides an overview of the theory on which all archival classification is based. Grounded on the principles of this theory, pertinence-based and provenance-based classifications are described in the historical, juridical and intellectual context that framed their development and use. Each system of classification is examined to see how it structures archival material for both intellectual and physical control.
Solitons in Supersymmetric Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Eto, Minoru
name: Isozumi, Youich
name: Nitta, Muneto
name: Ohashi, Keisuke
name: Sakai, Norisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent results on BPS solitons in the Higgs phase of supersymmetric (SUSY) gauge theories with eight supercharges are reviewed. For U(N_C) gauge theories with the N_F(>N_C) hypermultiplets in the fundamental representation, the total moduli space of walls are found to be the complex Grassmann manifold SU(N_F)/[SU(N_C)xSU(N_F-N_C)xU(1)]. The monopole in the Higgs phase has to accompany vortices, and preserves a 1/4 of SUSY. We find that walls are also allowed to coexist with them. We obtain all the solutions of such 1/4 BPS composite solitons in the strong coupling limit. Instantons in the Higgs phase is also obtained as 1/4 BPS states. As another instructive example, we take U(1)xU(1) gauge theories with four hypermultiplets. We find that the moduli space is the union of several special Lagrangian submanifolds of the Higgs branch vacua of the corresponding massless theory. We also observe transmutation of walls and repulsion and attraction of BPS walls. This is a review of recent works on the subject, which was given at the conference by N.Sakai.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures, Talk at PASCOS2005
ClareLab airborne eDNA sampler 3D printing files
Creators: name: Clare, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310308
subject: Terrestrial ecology

description: These are the design files associated with our publications on airborne eDNAhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/edn3.385https://peerj.com/articles/14772/And a new "beeSafe" model. Assembly instructions can be found https://www.yorku.ca/professor/eclare
Crônon – The First Sound of Consciousness
Creators: name: Souza Silva, Jaconaazar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Crônon
XChronos
Symbolic time
Subjective time
Consciousness
Sonic philosophy
Audio metaphysics
Experiential event
Time perception
Sound symbolism
Brazilian metaphysical art
IFB Recanto das Emas
Jaconaazar Souza Silva

description: This audio composition represents a symbolic unit of subjective time called a Crônon, developed as part of the XChronos project by Jaconaazar Souza Silva. The Crônon is the smallest experiential instant of lived time, where consciousness touches the void and a perception emerges.

The sound is structured in three layers:

1. Central Pulse (880Hz) – A crystalline tone lasting approximately 150 milliseconds, representing the singular moment when a perception forms. It enters and dissolves gently, with fade-in and fade-out applied.

2. Gentle Background Vibration (110Hz) – A low continuous tone symbolizing the unconscious field of time. It provides the space from which the Crônon emerges.

3. Reverse Echo (250ms delay) – A faint echo that returns shortly after the main pulse, symbolizing the attempt of time to remember and retain what was experienced, though imperfectly.

The Crônon is not music. It is an event.It does not measure time — it creates it.
Revisiting the security of quantum dialogue and bidirectional quantum secure direct communication
Creators: name: Gao, Fei
name: Guo, Fen-Zhuo
name: Wen, Qiao-Yan
name: Zhu, Fu-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: From the perspective of information theory and cryptography, we analyze the security of two quantum dialogue protocols and a bidirectional quantum secure direct communication (QSDC) protocol, and point out that the transmitted information would be partly leaked out in them. That is, any eavesdropper can elicit some information about the secrets from the public annunciations of the legal users. This phenomenon should have been strictly forbidden in a quantum secure communication. In fact, this problem exists in quite a few recent proposals and, therefore, it deserves more research attention in the following related study.
description: An authors' note was added. That is, when this study was completed, we found that the insecurity of quantum dialogue was independently pointed out by Tan and Cai (see arXiv:0802.0358)
Higher rank FZZ-dualities
Creators: name: Creutzig, Thomas
name: Hikida, Yasuaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose new strong/weak dualities in two dimensional conformal field theories by generalizing the Fateev-Zamolodchikov-Zamolodchikov (FZZ-)duality between Witten's cigar model described by the $\mathfrak{sl}(2)/\mathfrak{u}(1)$ coset and sine-Liouville theory. In a previous work, a proof of the FZZ-duality was provided by applying the reduction method from $\mathfrak{sl}(2)$ Wess-Zumino-Novikov-Witten model to Liouville field theory and the self-duality of Liouville field theory. In this paper, we work with the coset model of the type $\mathfrak{sl}(N+1)/(\mathfrak{sl}(N) \times \mathfrak{u}(1))$ and propose that the model is dual to a theory with an $\mathfrak{sl}(N+1|N)$ structure. We derive the duality explicitly for $N=2,3$ by applying recent works on the reduction method extended for $\mathfrak{sl}(N)$ and the self-duality of Toda field theory. Our results can be regarded as a conformal field theoretic derivation of the duality of the Gaiotto-Rapčák corner vertex operator algebras $Y_{0, N, N+1}[ψ]$ and $Y_{N, 0, N+1}[ψ^{-1}]$.
description: 36 pages
Security of the decoy state method for quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Trushechkin, A. S.
name: Kiktenko, E. O.
name: Kronberg, D. A.
name: Fedorov, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum cryptography or, more precisely, quantum key distribution (QKD), is one of the advanced areas in the field of quantum technologies. The confidentiality of keys distributed with the use of QKD protocols is guaranteed by the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics. This paper is devoted to the decoy state method, a countermeasure against vulnerabilities caused by the use of coherent states of light for QKD protocols whose security is proved under the assumption of single-photon states. We give a formal security proof of the decoy state method against all possible attacks. We compare two widely known attacks on multiphoton pulses: photon-number splitting and beam splitting. Finally, we discuss the equivalence of polarization and phase coding.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure; review article
Scale Free Cluster Distributions from Conserving Merging-Fragmentation Processes
Creators: name: Ferkinghoff-Borg, Jesper
name: Jensen, Mogens H.
name: Mathiesen, Joachim
name: Olesen, Poul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a dynamical scheme for the combined processes of fragmentation and merging as a model system for cluster dynamics in nature and society displaying scale invariant properties. The clusters merge and fragment with rates proportional to their sizes, conserving the total mass. The total number of clusters grows continuously but the full time-dependent distribution can be rescaled over at least 15 decades onto a universal curve which we derive analytically. This curve includes a scale free solution with a scaling exponent of -3/2 for the cluster sizes.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Optical conductivity of charge carriers interacting with a two-level systems reservoir
Creators: name: Ferrer, A. Villares
name: Caldeira, A. O.
name: Smith, C. Morais
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the functional-integral method we investigate the effective dynamics of a charged particle coupled to a set of two-level systems as a function of temperature and external electric field. The optical conductivity and the direct current (dc) resistivity induced by the reservoir are computed. Three different regimes are found depending on the two-level system spectral function, which may lead to a non-Drude optical conductivity in a certain range of parameters. Our results contrast to the behavior found when considering the usual bath of harmonic oscillators which we are able to recover in the limit of very low temperatures.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Schrodinger-Chern-Simons Vortex Dynamics
Creators: name: Krusch, Steffen
name: Sutcliffe, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the motion of vortices in the planar Ginzburg-Landau model with Schrodinger-Chern-Simons dynamics. We compare the moduli space approximation with the results of numerical simulations of the full field theory and find that there is agreement if the coupling constant is very close to the critical value separating Type I from Type II superconductors. However, there are significant qualitative differences even for modest deviations from the critically coupled regime. Radiation effects produce forces which are of the same order of magnitude as the intervortex force and therefore have a significant impact on vortex motion. We conclude that the moduli space approximation does not provide a good description of the dynamics in this regime.
description: 24 pages and 10 figures. Appendix added. Version to appear in Nonlinearity
Substream-Centric Maximum Matchings on FPGA
Creators: name: Besta, Maciej
name: Fischer, Marc
name: Ben-Nun, Tal
name: Stanojevic, Dimitri
name: Licht, Johannes De Fine
name: Hoefler, Torsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Developing high-performance and energy-efficient algorithms for maximum matchings is becoming increasingly important in social network analysis, computational sciences, scheduling, and others. In this work, we propose the first maximum matching algorithm designed for FPGAs; it is energy-efficient and has provable guarantees on accuracy, performance, and storage utilization. To achieve this, we forego popular graph processing paradigms, such as vertex-centric programming, that often entail large communication costs. Instead, we propose a substream-centric approach, in which the input stream of data is divided into substreams processed independently to enable more parallelism while lowering communication costs. We base our work on the theory of streaming graph algorithms and analyze 14 models and 28 algorithms. We use this analysis to provide theoretical underpinning that matches the physical constraints of FPGA platforms. Our algorithm delivers high performance (more than 4x speedup over tuned parallel CPU variants), low memory, high accuracy, and effective usage of FPGA resources. The substream-centric approach could easily be extended to other algorithms to offer low-power and high-performance graph processing on FPGAs.
description: Best Paper finalist at ACM FPGA'19, invited to special issue of ACM TRETS'20
Sub-diffraction light propagation in fibers with anisotropic dielectric cores
Creators: name: Govyadinov, Alexander A
name: Podolskiy, Viktor A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed study of light propagation in waveguides with anisotropic metamaterial cores. We demonstrate that in contrast to conventional optical fibers, our structures support free-space-like propagating modes even when the waveguide radius is much smaller than the wavelength. We develop analytical formalism to describe mode structure and propagation in strongly anisotropic systems and study the effects related to waveguide boundaries and material composition.
Reanalyses of the Sunspot Observations of Fogelius and Siverus: Two "Long-Term" Observers during the Maunder Minimum
Creators: name: Hayakawa, Hisashi
name: Iju, Tomoya
name: Uneme, Shoma
name: Besser, Bruno P.
name: Kosaka, Shunsuke
name: Imada, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The solar activity during the Maunder Minimum (MM; 1645 -- 1715) has been considered significantly different from the one captured in modern observations, in terms of sunspot group number and sunspot positions, whereas its actual amplitudes and distributions is still under active discussions. In its core period (1650/1660 -- 1700), Martin Fogelius and Henrich Siverus have formed significant long-term series in the existing databases with numerous spotless days, as the 13th and 7th most active observers before the end of the MM. In this study, we have analysed their original archival records, revised their data, have removed significant contaminations of the apparent "spotless days" in the existing databases, and cast caveats on the potential underestimation of the solar-cycle amplitude in the core MM. Still, they reported at best one sunspot group throughout their observational period and confirm the significant suppressed the solar cycles during the MM, which is also supported from the contemporary observations of Hook and Willoughby. Based on the revised data, we have also derived positions of notable sunspot groups, which Siverus recorded in 1671 (~ N7.5° +/- 2.5°), in comparison with those of Cassini's drawings (~ N10° +/- 1°). Their coincidence in position and chronology in corrected dates indicates these sunspot groups were probably the same recurrent active region (AR) and its significantly long lifespan (>~ 35 days) even during the MM.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures, and 1 table; accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society; Figures 1 and 2 are reserved for the record version
Effects of BMOV on protein-serine kinase activities in skeletal muscle of diabetic rats
Creators: name: Girn, Jaspal S.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The in vivo effects of bis (maltolato) oxovanadium (IV) (BMOV) on the activity of various protein kinases in two cascades that are implicated as upstream mediators of the biological effects of insulin were investigated. The integrity of the MAP kinase pathway was evaluated by studying the activation of ERK1, ERK2 and p90[sup rsk]. The activity of p70[sup s6k] was also evaluated as a possible downstream enzyme in insulin action . The intact rat served as a convenient animal model system to study the mechanism of insulin action. Hind limb muscle extracts were prepared and subjected to specific immunoprecipitation experiments for the kinases mentioned above. The first part of the study examined the effects of BMOV on protein-serine kinases in Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) rats. The Zucker Diabetic Fatty (ZDF) provided an ideal model to study the activity of protein kinases in noninsulindependent diabetes mellitus (N1DDM), as the development of the disease in these rats closely parallels NIDDM in humans. BMOV treatment for 8 weeks significantly (p < 0.05) decreased the basal activity of p70[sup s6k] by 30% when compared to the untreated group. Furthermore, following BMOV treatment the basal kinase activity of ERK-1 and ERK-2 significantly decreased by 40% and 35%, respectively, when compared to the untreated group. p90[sup rsk] is postulated to be downstream of ERK-2 and any changes in ERK-2 could be reflected in the activity of p90[sup rsk]. BMOV treatment decreased p90[sup rsk] activity by approximately 75% when compared to the untreated group. The activity of protein kinases was also investigated in the Streptozotocin (STZ) Diabetic Wistar rat. This model is representative of insulindependent diabetes melliuts (IDDM), because the chemical, STZ destroys the pancreatic (3-cells. p70[sup s6k] activity was altered basally and following 5 U/kg insulin stimulation in STZ-diabetic rats and BMOV treatment for 8 weeks was unable to restore the activity to control values. In addition, ERK-1 and ERK-2 are markedly active in the diabetic state following stimulation with 5 U/kg insulin when compared to control. The activity of both ERK-1 and ERK-2 was 5 fold greater than basal control. Chronic BMOV treatment was able to restore the activity of ERK-2 in the diabetic treated animals to normal, whereas the activity of ERK-1 was unaffected. Finally, there appears to be a dissociation between ERK-2 and p90[sup rsk]. 5 U/kg insulin was required to activate ERK-2 to its maximal level, whereas 10 U/kg was required to achieve maximal activity of p90[sup rsk]. In the diabetic state, ERK-2 activity was markedly active in response to insulin stimulation, whereas p90[sup rsk] showed no change. Finally, BMOV treatment decreased the activity of ERK-2, whereas p90[sup rsk] activity was increased with BMOV treatment.
Towards the topological quantization of classical mechanics
Creators: name: Nettel, Francisco
name: Quevedo, Hernando
name: Rodriguez, Moices
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the method of topological quantization for conservative systems with a finite number of degrees of freedom. Maupertuis' formalism for classical mechanics provides an appropriate scenario which permit us to adapt the method of topological quantization, originally formulated for gravitational field configurations. We show that any conservative system in classical mechanics can be associated with a principal fiber bundle. As an application of topological quantization we derive expressions for the topological spectra of some simple mechanical systems and show that they reproduce the discrete behavior of the corresponding canonical spectra.
Parameterized Neural Ordinary Differential Equations: Applications to Computational Physics Problems
Creators: name: Lee, Kookjin
name: Parish, Eric J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work proposes an extension of neural ordinary differential equations (NODEs) by introducing an additional set of ODE input parameters to NODEs. This extension allows NODEs to learn multiple dynamics specified by the input parameter instances. Our extension is inspired by the concept of parameterized ordinary differential equations, which are widely investigated in computational science and engineering contexts, where characteristics of the governing equations vary over the input parameters. We apply the proposed parameterized NODEs (PNODEs) for learning latent dynamics of complex dynamical processes that arise in computational physics, which is an essential component for enabling rapid numerical simulations for time-critical physics applications. For this, we propose an encoder-decoder-type framework, which models latent dynamics as PNODEs. We demonstrate the effectiveness of PNODEs with important benchmark problems from computational physics.
A Maximal Atmospheric Mixing from a Maximal CP Violating Phase
Creators: name: Masina, Isabella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out an elegant mechanism to predict a maximal atmospheric angle, which is based on a maximal CP violating phase difference between second and third lepton families in the flavour symmetry basis. In this framework, a discussion of the predictions for theta_{12}, |U_{e3}|, delta and their possible correlations is provided. We also present an explicit realisation in terms of an SO(3) flavour symmetry model.
description: v2=published version: 11 pages, 4 figures, text improved, reference added
$B_s$ Mixing and New Physics in hadronic $b \to s \bar{q} q$ transitions
Creators: name: Datta, Alakabha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the implication of the recent $Δm_s$ measurement on $ b \to s \bar{q} q$ transitions. We show that it is possible, in the presence of a flavour symmetry, that the phase in $B_s$ mixing may be unobservable even with new CP odd phases in $b \to s$ transitions. These phases may then produce new CP odd effects in certain $b \to s \bar{q} q $ transitions like $ B \to K π$ but not in others like $ B_d \to ϕK_s$. Working in a two higgs doublet model of new physics we discuss the allowed NP contribution to $B \to K π$ and $ B_d \to ϕK_s$ decays with the new $ Delta m_s$ measurement.
description: 19 pages, no figures, references added, text added, accepted for publication
Constraints on Nuclear Saturation Properties from Terrestrial Experiments and Astrophysical Observations of Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Choi, Soonchul
name: Miyatsu, Tsuyoshi
name: Cheoun, Myung-Ki
name: Saito, Koichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Taking into account the terrestrial experiments and the recent astrophysical observations of neutron stars and gravitational-wave signals, we impose restrictions on the equation of state (EoS) for isospin-asymmetric nuclear matter. Using the relativistic mean-field model with SU(3) flavor symmetry, we investigate the impacts of effective nucleon mass, nuclear incompressibility, and slope parameter of nuclear symmetry energy on the nuclear and neutron-star properties. It is found that the astrophysical information of massive neutron stars and tidal deformabilities as well as the nuclear experimental data plays an important role to restrict the EoS for neutron stars. Especially, the softness of the nuclear EoS due to the existence of hyperons in the core gives stringent constraints on those physical quantities. Furthermore, it is possible to put limits on the curvature parameter of nuclear symmetry energy by means of the nuclear and astrophysical calculations.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
A Northern Sky Survey for Steady TeV Gamma-Ray Point Sources Using the Tibet Air Shower Array
Creators: name: Gamma Collaboration
name: Amenomori, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results on steady TeV $γ$-ray point source search using data taken from the Tibet HD (Feb. 1997 -- Sep. 1999) and Tibet III (Nov. 1999 -- Oct. 2001) arrays are presented. From $0^{\circ}$ to $60^{\circ}$ in declination, significant excesses from the well-known steady source Crab Nebula and the high state of the flare type source Markarian 421 are observed. Because the levels of significance from other positions are not sufficiently high, 90% confidence level upper limits on the flux are set assuming different power law spectra. To allow crosschecking, two independently developed analyses are used in this work.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures. accepted by ApJ
Poisson-Hopf deformations of Lie-Hamilton systems revisited: deformed superposition rules and applications to the oscillator algebra
Creators: name: Ballesteros, Angel
name: Campoamor-Stursberg, Rutwig
name: Fernandez-Saiz, Eduardo
name: Herranz, Francisco J.
name: de Lucas, Javier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16T05, 17B66, 34A26

description: The formalism for Poisson-Hopf (PH) deformations of Lie-Hamilton systems is refined in one of its crucial points concerning applications, namely the obtention of effective and computationally feasible PH deformed superposition rules for prolonged PH deformations of Lie-Hamilton systems. The two new notions here proposed are a generalization of the standard superposition rules and the concept of diagonal prolongations for Lie systems, which are consistently recovered under the non-deformed limit. Using a technique from superintegrability theory, we obtain a maximal number of functionally independent constants of the motion for a generic prolonged PH deformation of a Lie-Hamilton system, from which a simplified deformed superposition rule can be derived. As an application, explicit deformed superposition rules for prolonged PH deformations of Lie-Hamilton systems based on the oscillator Lie algebra ${h}_4$ are computed. Moreover, by making use that the main structural properties of the book subalgebra ${b}_2$ of ${h}_4$ are preserved under the PH deformation, we consider prolonged PH deformations based on ${b}_2$ as restrictions of those for ${h}_4$-Lie-Hamilton systems, thus allowing the study of prolonged PH deformations of the complex Bernoulli equations, for which both the constants of the motion and the deformed superposition rules are explicitly presented.
description: 30 pages. A new subsection 4.2 on twist maps and canonical transformations has been added
Euler characteristics and Gysin sequences for group actions on boundaries
Creators: name: Emerson, Heath
name: Meyer, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19K35, 46L80

description: Let G be a locally compact group, let X be a universal proper G-space, and let Z be a G-equivariant compactification of X that is H-equivariantly contractible for each compact subgroup H of G. Let W be the resulting boundary. Assuming the Baum-Connes conjecture for G with coefficients C and C(W), we construct an exact sequence that computes the map on K-theory induced by the embedding of the reduced group C*-algebra of G into the crossed product of G by C(W). This exact sequence involves the equivariant Euler characteristic of X, which we study using an abstract notion of Poincare duality in bivariant K-theory. As a consequence, if G is torsion-free and the Euler characteristic of the orbit space X/G is non-zero, then the unit element of the boundary crossed product is a torsion element whose order is equal to the absolute value of the Euler characteristic of X/G. Furthermore, we get a new proof of a theorem of Lueck and Rosenberg concerning the class of the de Rham operator in equivariant K-homology.
description: Contains 44 pages and 3 figures in Encapsulated PostScript format. These figures were created with MetaPost, Hence they should work directly with pdflatex
Merger driven ULIRG-QSO evolution: The case of 3C 48
Creators: name: Zuther, J.
name: Krips, M.
name: Scharwaechter, J.
name: Eckart, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The QSO 3C 48 and its host galaxy constitute a nearby template object of the proposed merger-driven evolutionary sequence from ULIRGs to QSOs. In this contribution multi-wavelength observations and N-body simulations studying the structural and compositional properties of this late-stage major merger will be presented. Key questions addressed will be the nature of the apparent second nucleus 3C 48A and absence of a counter tidal tail. The results will be used to review the role of 3C 48 in the ULIRG-QSO evolutionary scenario.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to "QSO Hosts: Evolution and Environment", P.D. Barthel, D.B. Sanders, eds., August 2005, Leiden University (The Netherlands), New Astr. Rev