cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Early Detection of Epilepsy Seizures using Machine Learning Algorithms
Creators: name: Rios, Cristian (Chris)
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Epilepsy
subject: EGG
subject: Machine learning

description: According to the World Health Organization (WHO), one of the most common neurological diseases is epilepsy with over 50 million people globally diagnosed to date. Epilepsy is defined as a chronic noncommunicable disease of the brain that affects the central nervous system and can result in sudden seizures. The early detection of seizures would allow suffering patients an opportunity to better manage their seizures and improve overall quality of life. In this paper, we aim to detect seizures using different machine learning (ML) algorithms using non-invasive EEG data of epilepsy patients through a publicly available database. We evaluated different signal pre-processing methods to allow for extraction of optimal features that include descriptive statistical parameters, frequency-based trend changes, power spectrum density, and entropy. For some classifiers, optimal features were passed through a Principal Component Analysis (PCA) algorithm to minimize the number of features used and to reduce the dimensionality of the ML model. ML models evaluated for seizure detection included Logistic Regression, Decision Tree, SVM, KNN, Naïve Bayes, and Neural Networks. A confusion matrix was generated for optimal models to compare accuracy, precision, and specificity. Results demonstrated the models were promising but the top three models with highest accuracy were DT, SVM, and NN. Given these results, ML models such as SVM or Neural Networks, can be utilized to create seizure detecting systems that are portable and use EEG data to detect the onset of seizures. Even though the highest accuracy observed was approximately 82.5%, the value of machine learning models show merit for solving seizure detection challenges. In future research studies, we plan to evaluate additional open databases to enhance these ML models further and increase accuracy to a minimum level of 95% to be evaluated in real-world applications.
A Meta-Analysis of Social Media & Learning Studies in Educational Research
Creators: name: Birgul Kutlu
name: Burc Ceken
name: Mutluturk, Meltem
name: Turkmen, Canan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Education

description: Understanding the main focus of social media for learning studies and how they are conducted is important to understand where the research is headed. Hence, this study is aimed to explore and analyze state of the art articles that focus on both social media and learning. Meta-analysis is employed as a methodology and 152 articles published between 2008 and 2017 are investigated through content analysis. The results are interpreted with descriptive statistics. As a result, it is found that; (1) most of the studies incorporate Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube for learning, (2) the majority of studies are based on students, (3) quantitative approach using surveys are frequent while case studies and experimental designs are the primary means of research method, (4) higher education is in the focus of the studies, (5) Europe contributed to the literature the most, and (6) the number of studies is increasing throughout the years.
title: Conflict Resolution and Power Politics/ Global Conflict After the Cold War:Two Lectures
Creators: name: Rubenstein, Richard
Publisher: name: School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution
Year: 1996

description: “The two public lectures contained in this working paper were presented by Institute for Conflict Analysis and Resolution faculty member Richard E. Rubenstein at the University of Malta. ‘Conflict Resolution and Political Power’ was presented in Valletta, Malta, on January 12, 1995, under the sponsorship of the International Foundation. ‘Global Conflict After the Cold War’ was given on November 30, 1994, at Sir Teri Zammit Hall, Msida, under the auspices of the University of Malta's Department of Sociology. Malta's continuing interests in international peacemaking and conflict resolution are well known throughout the world. Almost from the time it became independent, this former British colony saw itself as a force for peace in the Mediterranean region: a natural bridge between Europe and North Africa, the First World and the Third. Pursuing these interests, Maltese public officials and academics have played a leading role in negotiating international agreements on the Law of the Sea and on environmental security. They have reached out to the Islamic nations and to Israel and have convened important conferences on Mediterranean regional problems. In fall 1994, I was pleased to attend the annual meeting of the International Peace Research Association hosted in Valletta by the University of Malta's Institute for Peace and Conflict Studies.”
title: ADCO, Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0570
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2012
name: Petot, Frédéric
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0570, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Neuvième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (1661 - 1684), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 32 (G 136), 745 folios, f. 0570, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
Pyxine coralligera Malme
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Caliciales
Caliciaceae
Pyxine
Pyxine coralligera

description: Pyxine coralligera Malme
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot 85585. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
title: Sport for Youth Development: Perceptions of Motivational Climate and Youth Development Experiences in an Underserved Youth Sport Setting
Creators: name: Hannesschlager, Jim
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Sport-based youth development
subject: Youth sports
subject: Sport coaching
subject: Motivational climate
subject: Youth experiences

description: This study was designed to explore the motivational climate created in a youth sport setting by coaches trained to carry out an intentional curriculum and the positive and negative experiences reported by youth in the youth sport program. The program took place in an underserved community in a large, urban city. The study took the form of an evaluative assessment of a youth sport program, using the Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports (MCSYS) to assess motivational climate perception and the Youth Experiences Scale 2.0 (YES 2.0) to assess positive and negative experiences in the program. The study consisted of a convenience sample of 41 participants between the ages of 10 and 13 who completed a demographic survey, a MCSYS survey, and a YES 2.0 survey. Results indicated that participants perceived a mastery motivational climate more strongly than a competitive motivational climate. Furthermore, positive experiences were associated with participation in the program more strongly than negative experiences. Statistical analysis revealed some differences in perceptions and experiences between age, gender, and race of participants. Findings, though not statistically significant, provide insights into realities of youth sport programs that can enrich the sport for youth development sphere and suggest new topics and areas of study.
Measurement of Charmed Meson Lifetimes with Belle
Creators: name: Tanaka, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lifetimes of charmed mesons have been measured using 2.75fb$^{-1}$ of data collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Each candidate is fully reconstructed to identify the flavor of the charmed meson. The lifetimes are measured to be $τ(D^0)=(414.8\pm3.8\pm3.4)$ fs, $τ(D^+)=(1040^{+23}_{-22}\pm18)$ fs and $τ(D_s^+)=(479^{+17}_{-16}{}^{+6}_{-8})$ fs, where the first error is statistical and the second error is systematic. The mixing parameter $y_{CP}$ is also measured through the lifetime difference of $D^0$ mesons decaying into CP-mixed states and CP eigenstates. We find $y_{CP}=(1.0^{+3.8}_{-3.5}{}^{+1.1}_{-2.1})%$, corresponding to a 95% confidence interval $-7.0%
description: 3 pages, 2 figures, DPF2000, Columbus, Ohio, 9-12 August 2000
The Research on the Impact of Foreign Direct Investment on Economic Growth in Somalia
Creators: name: Shafie Abdirahman Digale
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: The purpose of this paper aim to examine the impact of foreign direct investment on economic growth of Somalia. The study utilizes time series data over the period of 2000-2018. The Data was collected from the World Bank and SESRIC organization. Organization of Islamic countries forum, especially statistical, economic and social research. To evidence the relationship between the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) of Somalia and Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), Inflation Rate (INF) and Domestic Investment (DI). This research used the augmented Dickey–Fuller [ADF], Philips– Perron [PP] to test for stationarity of the variables and Ordinary Least Square model was examined among dependent variable and independent variable. The result reveals that FDI has a positive and significant effect on Somalia economic growth. Also the result shows that inflation has negative relationship and significant impact on Somalia economic growth. While Gross Domestic Investment has a positive relationship and significant effect on Somalia economic growth.  Therefore, the study recommends there is a need for the government must retain right monetary and fiscal policies and train the Somali employee in order to attract in the Somalia economy.
title: Estimation of Ancestry Using Mesiodistal, Buccolingual and Diagonal Tooth Measurements
Creators: name: Navale, Shraddha
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Forensic Odontology
subject: Forensic Anthropology

description: In forensic science, when an individual is to be identified, inmost of the cases, teeth are considered the precious and reliable tool forobservation and analysis owing to the fact that they are the hardest tissueand the only last tissue to decompose in the body, they are multi-rooted onesakin the premolars and molars and also one single rooted tooth – thecanine, attributable to the fact that it has the longest root and thereforebetter allow for better anchorage. Keeping this in mind, this project aims atbeing able to estimate ancestry from the dental data collected viz: the crownmeasurements mesiodistally, buccolingually, diagonally and vertically such asthe crown height, namely. And in this research, it can be achieved byphysically measuring dental diagnostic casts using digital calipers and thenanalyzing the data generated from it using Discriminant Function Analysis.The interpretation and conclusion expected from this analysis is to be ableto classify the dimensions of the teeth as per their ancestral line.
Contribution to the discussion of "When should meta-analysis avoid making hidden normality assumptions?": A Bayesian perspective
Creators: name: Röver, Christian
name: Friede, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Contribution to the discussion of "When should meta-analysis avoid making hidden normality assumptions?" by Dan Jackson and Ian R. White (2018; https://doi.org/10.1002/bimj.201800071).
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Features of the IP-Glasma
Creators: name: Schenke, Björn
name: Shen, Chun
name: Tribedy, Prithwish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss differences between the IP-Glasma model and typical wounded-nucleon model like initial conditions. We point out that the IP-Glasma initial state is more compact in the transverse plane and produces a significant initial flow, both of which contribute to an increased radial flow in the subsequent hydrodynamic evolution. A larger bulk viscosity, compared to calculations that use other initial state models, is required to compensate for these effects and find agreement with experimental data. We further demonstrate the importance of the initial momentum anisotropy of the glasma for anisotropy measures in small collision systems such as p+Pb.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, Proceedings of the 27th international conference on ultra-relativistic nucleus-nucleus collisions (Quark Matter 2018), Venice, Italy, May 13-19 2018
Interplay of Orbital Degeneracy and Superconductivity in a Molecular Conductor
Creators: name: Fabrizio, Michele
name: Airoldi, Marco
name: Tosatti, Erio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study electron propagation in a molecular lattice model. Each molecular site involves doubly degenerate electronic states coupled to doubly degenerate molecular vibration, leading to a so--called E-e type of Jahn-Teller Hamiltonian. For weak electron-phonon coupling and in the anti-adiabatic limit we find that the orbital degeneracy induces an intersite pairing mechanism which is absent in the standard non-degenerate polaronic model. In this limit we analyse the model in the presence of an additional on-site repulsion and we determine, within BCS mean field theory, the region of stability of superconductivity. In one dimension, where powerful analytical techniques are available, we are able to calculate the phase diagram of the model both for weak and for strong electron-phonon coupling.
description: 11 pages, REVTEX style, 3 compressed figures added
Microscopic self-consistent description of induced fission dynamics: finite temperature effects
Creators: name: Zhao, Jie
name: Nikšić, Tamara
name: Vretenar, Dario
name: Zhou, Shan-Gui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of induced fission of $^{226}$Th is investigated in a theoretical framework based on the finite-temperature time-dependent generator coordinate method (TDGCM) in the Gaussian overlap approximation (GOA). The thermodynamical collective potential and inertia tensor at temperatures in the interval $T=0 - 1.25$ MeV are calculated using the self-consistent multidimensionally constrained relativistic mean field (MDC-RMF) model, based on the energy density functional DD-PC1. Pairing correlations are treated in the BCS approximation with a separable pairing force of finite range. Constrained RMF+BCS calculations are carried out in the collective space of axially symmetric quadrupole and octupole deformations for the asymmetric fissioning nucleus $^{226}$Th. The collective Hamiltonian is determined by the temperature-dependent free energy surface and perturbative cranking inertia tensor, and the TDGCM+GOA is used to propagate the initial collective state in time. The resulting charge and mass fragment distributions are analyzed as functions of the internal excitation energy. The model can qualitatively reproduce the empirical triple-humped structure of the fission charge and mass distributions already at $T=0$, but the precise experimental position of the asymmetric peaks and the symmetric-fission yield can only be accurately reproduced when the potential and inertia tensor of the collective Hamiltonian are determined at finite temperature, in this particular case between $T=0.75$ MeV and $T=1$ MeV.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
title: Free, Empowered, and Environmentally Conscious: How Neoliberal and Second Wave Feminist Ideals Shape Menstrual Commercials and Citizenship
Creators: name: Lysa, Olha
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Menstruation
subject: Advertisements
subject: Second Wave Feminism
subject: Neoliberal
subject: Citizenship
subject: Eco-friendly

description: Menstruation carries a dual nature in United States society. It is celebrated as a sign of fertility and womanhood while simultaneously being seen as dirty, wasteful, and shameful. Since the industrial revolution, menstrual hygiene products were advertised as tools to not only keep the body clean and odor free, but also hide all signs of menstruation. In 2021, advertisements of menstrual products convey a message of empowerment and freedom, promoting themselves as champions and leaders of feminism. However, despite this seemingly feminist portrayal, underneath the surface messaging, the same advertisements carry on the same themes of shame and secrecy. Two primary theoretical frameworks are seen in these adverts, Second Wave Feminist ideas of empowerment and universal womanhood and neoliberal concept of solutions through commerce. Menstrual, neoliberal and environmental citizenship is defined by those who can afford to purchase menstrual hygiene products and participate in the marketplace. In this thesis I examine how neoliberalism and Second Wave Feminist framework shape modern menstrual hygiene commercials that appear in media. I conduct a visual and textual examination of eight feminine hygiene product commercials, ranging from sanitary pads, tampons, and eco-friendly alternatives such as menstrual cups and underwear. This thesis discusses ecological citizenship and how it pertains to menstruation due to the fact that Eco-friendliness of the product and of the consumer is a theme in half of the commercials I examine. Due to their theoretical frameworks and messaging, as well as marketing based on perceived class tastes, the commercials and products end up being racist, classist, and gendered in both the images and language that they use and by creating an exclusion/inclusion dynamic.
Pyxine eschweileri Vain.
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Caliciales
Caliciaceae
Pyxine
Pyxine eschweileri

description: Pyxine eschweileri (Tuck.) Vain.
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot s.n. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Early career GPs, mental health training and clinical complexity: a cross-sectional analysis
Creators: name: Stone, Louise
name: Tapley, Amanda
name: Presser, Jennifer
name: Holliday, Elizabeth
name: Ball, Jean
name: Driel, Mieke Van
name: Davey, Andrew
name: Spike, Neil
name: Fitzgerald, Kristen
name: Mulquiney, Katie
name: Morgan, Simon
name: Magin, Parker
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Patients with mental health conditions commonly present in General Practice. Mental health curricula are broad. We do not know that trainees are exposed to the learning they require. This study aimed to establish the prevalence, characteristics and associations of GP trainees’ management of mental health problems. This paper presents a cross-sectional analysis of the Registrar Clinical Encounters in Training (ReCEnT) study, an ongoing multisite cohort study of Australian GP trainees (registrars) documenting their clinical experiences over 60 consecutive consultations. Univariate and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted with outcome of the problem/diagnosis being a mental health condition. 1659 trainees provided data on 218,325 consultations and 340,453 problems/diagnoses. Mental health conditions were associated with patients being male, of Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander or English-speaking background. Trainee characteristics were being more senior and having trained in Australia. Practice characteristics included being in low socioeconomic areas. Trainees sought less help for mental health concerns than they did for other problems. While early-career GPs see a broad range of mental health conditions, they may benefit from training to manage patients from cross-cultural contexts. They may also need support to generate appropriate learning goals and seek assistance if they are to continue to deepen competence.
Improved effective-range expansions for small and large values of scattering length
Creators: name: Adhikari, S K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The textbook effective-range expansion of scattering theory is useful in the analysis of low-energy scattering phenomenology when the scattering length $|a|$ is much larger than the range $R$ of the scattering potential: $|a|\gg R$. Nevertheless, the same has been used for systems where the scattering length is much smaller than the range of the potential, which could be the case in many scattering problems. We suggest and numerically study improved two-parameter effective-range expansions for the cases $|a| > R$ and $|a| < R$. The improved effective-range expansion for $|a| > R$ reduces to the textbook expansion for $|a|/R \gg 1$.
Intermediate Scales in Supersymmetric GUTs: the Survival of the Fittest
Creators: name: Aulakh, Charanjit S.
name: Bajc, Borut
name: Melfo, Alejandra
name: Rasin, Andrija
name: Senjanovic, Goran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that intermediate scales in supersymmetric grand unified theories may exist naturally. Their origin is traced to the violation of the survival principle: in supersymmetry internal symmetries often forbid cubic couplings in the superpotential. This leads to a plethora of light supermultiplets whose masses are generated only by higher dimensional operators and thus suppressed by the cut-off scale. These new states often carry exotic quantum numbers and may be, in some cases, accessible to experiments in the near future.
description: LaTeX, 11 pages, references added
Comments to On the Accuracy of Lamb Shift Measurements in Hydrogen (Physica Scripta, 55 (1997) 33-40) by V. G. Pal'chikov, Yu. L. Sokolov, and V. P. Yakovlev
Creators: name: Karshenboim, Savely G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The work is a comments on the article of V. G. Pal'chikov, Yu. L. Sokolov, and V. P. Yakovlev, devoted to the measurement of the Lamb shift in the hydrogen atom and published in Physica Scripta, 55 (1997) 33-40.
description: 4 pages; karshenboim@phim.niif.spb.su
title: Postconflict Elections: War Termination, Democratization, and Demilitarizing Politics
Creators: name: Lyons, Terrence
Publisher: name: School for Conflict Analysis and Resolution
Year: 2002

description: “Outcomes of transitional periods after peace agreements to halt civil wars are critical to sustaining peace and providing the basis for a long-term process of democratization. Understanding these transitional processes and designing policies to promote successful peace implementation are among the greatest challenges of the post–Cold War era. In a number of recent cases, including Angola (1992), Cambodia (1993), El Salvador (1994), Mozambique (1994), Bosnia-Herzegovina (1996), and Liberia (1997), elections have been designated in the peace accord as the mechanism for ending the transition. Such postconflict elections are designed to advance two distinct but interrelated goals – war termination and democratization. This essay will examine the comparative lessons of these recent postconflict elections and their relationship to the twin processes of conflict resolution and democratization. The election events themselves gain importance by their connection to these deeper and longer-term processes. While the dynamics of conflict resolution and political transition are distinct, postconflict elections are embedded in both. ‘Demilitarizing politics’ is a concept that captures elements of both components and emphasizes the importance of specific processes and policies that support the twin goals of war termination and democratization. Insights from theories and concepts developed by scholars of conflict resolution and in the literature on political transitions therefore help explain the dual nature of such elections and suggest what types of processes support the demilitarization of politics to advance the twin goals of peace and democracy. Conflict resolution concepts point to the importance of managing the inherent strategic and security dilemmas to encourage military leaders to stop the fighting and exchange their armed power for a chance at political power. The literature on political transitions helps us see how the legacies of the old order and the uncertainties inherent in competitive elections structure strategic choice. Both conflict resolution and democratization studies emphasize the role of institutions, suggesting that in postconflict transitions the role of interim government and the construction of democratic institutions such as political parties and effective electoral commissions will be critical to both the security and political agendas.”
Pyxine katendei Swinscow & Krog
Creators: name: R, Jeanne dos
name: Silva, eis
name: Aptroot, André
name: E, Marcela
name: S, ugenia da
name: Cáceres, ilva
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Fungi
Ascomycota
Lecanoromycetes
Caliciales
Caliciaceae
Pyxine
Pyxine katendei

description: Pyxine katendei Swinscow & Krog
 NEW REPORT. — Chapada do Céu, Parque Nacional das Emas, on bark, leg. A. Aptroot 85587. New to Goiás.
description: Published as part of R, Jeanne dos, Silva, eis, Aptroot, André, E, Marcela, S, ugenia da & Cáceres, ilva, 2023, Lichens from dry central Brazil: a checklist of lichenized fungi from Distríto Federal and Goiás, pp. 117-133 in Cryptogamie, Mycologie 20 (9) on page 131, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-mycologie2023v44a9, http://zenodo.org/record/8434271
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation: Shaping the Vaccine Manufacturing Ecosystem
Creators: name: Shih, Willy
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Vaccines for children has been a long-standing focus for the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, and their critical role in public health made their production an important economic and political issue. This case describes the Foundation's investment in a breakthrough vaccine manufacturing platform for the Sabin inactivated polio virus. While the new technology promised a much lower cost per dose, it also raised questions about the consequences of lowering entry barriers to vaccine production, as maintaining high quality and production standards, a strong regulatory environment were critical to protecting the integrity of the vaccine supply. The new technology also threatened to encourage more developed country vaccine manufacturers to exit the market, not an outcome the Foundation was hoping for, as they possessed the capabilities and resources to invest in future developments. It raises the question of whether vaccines are a public good, and who should be responsible for their production.
Measurements of Diffractive Vector-Meson Photoproduction at High Momentum Transfer from the ZEUS Experiment at HERA
Creators: name: Crittenden, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent preliminary results on the diffractive photoproduction of {\rhoz}, $ϕ$, and {\jpsi} mesons at high momentum transfer reported by the ZEUS collaboration at HERA. A special-purpose calorimeter served to tag the quasi-real photons ($\qsq<0.01 \gevsq$) in the process $γ+ p \to {\rm VM}+ Y$, where $Y$ represents a dissociated state of the proton. The resulting range in photon-proton center-of-mass energy extends from 80 to 120 \gev. The differential cross sections $\frac{\Dσ}{\D t}$ were obtained in the region ${\abst}>1.2 \gevsq$, where $t$ denotes the squared momentum transfer to the proton. The measurements provide good sensitivity to the observed power-law dependence $\frac{\Dσ}{\D t} \propto {(-t)}^{-n}$. Over the region in momentum transfer covered by the data, the power is found to be approximately $n\simeq 3$ for {\rhoz} and $ϕ$ photoproduction, and approximately $n\simeq 2$ for {\jpsi} photoproduction.
description: Contributed to the proceedings of DPF2000, the meeting of the Division of Particles and Fields of the American Physical Society, August 9-12, 2000, Columbus, Ohio, USA (3 pages including 2 figures) Replaced to remove postscript format error. Transparencies are available at http://www-zeus.physik.uni-bonn.de/~critten/dpf2000/dpft/index.html
Mode-sum renormalization of $\langleΦ^{2}\rangle$ for a quantum scalar field inside a Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Lanir, Assaf
name: Levi, Adam
name: Ori, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The full computation of the renormalized expectation values $\langleΦ^{2}\rangle_{ren}$ and $\langle\hat{T}_{μν}\rangle_{ren}$ in 4D black hole interiors has been a long standing challenge, which has impeded the investigation of quantum effects on the internal structure of black holes for decades. Employing a recently developed mode sum renormalization scheme to numerically implement the point-splitting method, we report here the first computation of $\langleΦ^{2}\rangle_{ren}$ in Unruh state in the region inside the event horizon of a 4D Schwarzschild black hole. We further present its Hartle-Hawking counterpart, which we calculated using the same method, and obtain a fairly good agreement with previous results attained using an entirely different method by Candelas and Jensen in 1986. Our results further agree upon approaching the event horizon when compared with previous results calculated outside the black hole. Finally, the results we obtained for Hartle-Hawking state at the event horizon agree with previous analytical results published by Candelas in 1980. This work sets the stage for further explorations of $\langleΦ^{2}\rangle_{ren}$ and $\langle\hat{T}_{μν}\rangle_{ren}$ in 4D black hole interiors.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Singular quasiparticle scattering in the proximity of charge instabilities
Creators: name: Castellani, C.
name: Di Castro, C.
name: Grilli, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the behavior of the dynamic scattering amplitude between Fermi liquid quasiparticles at the Fermi surface in the proximity of a charge instability, which may occur in the high temperature superconducting cuprates. Within the infinite-U Hubbard-Holstein model in the slave-boson large-N technique we find that, in the absence of long-range Coulomb forces the scattering amplitude is strongly singular at zero momentum transfer close to the phase separation instability and it has the same form provided by gauge-field theories. In the presence of long-range Coulomb forces the charge instability occurs at finite wavevectors and concomitantly the scattering is still singular but anisotropic. Nevertheless it remains strong over extended regions of the momentum space. In both cases we show how normal state properties are largely affected by this scattering.
description: 5 REVTEX pages (including figures), 3 figures in postscript files fig1ab.ps, fig2ab.ps, d1954030.ps uuencoded in a single file figures.uu
SAPIENS CHAIN: A BLOCK CHAIN-BASED CYBER SECURITY FRAMEWORK
Creators: name: Han, Yu
name: Zhongru Wang
name: Ruan, Qiang
name: Binxing Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, cybersecurity becomes more and more important due to the rapid development of Internet. However, existing methods are in reality highly sensitive to attacks and are far more vulnerable than expected, as they are lack of trustable measures. In this paper, to address the aforementioned problems, we propose a blockchain-based cybersecurity framework, termed as Sapiens Chain, which can protect the privacy of the anonymous users and ensure that the transactions are immutable by providing decentralized and trustable services. Integrating semantic analysis, symbolic execution, and routing learning methods into intelligent auditing, this framework can achieve good accuracy for detecting hidden vulnerabilities. In addition, a revenue incentive mechanism, which aims to donate participants, is built. The practical results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
High Density QCD and Instantons
Creators: name: Rapp, R.
name: Schaefer, T.
name: Shuryak, E. V.
name: Velkovsky, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instantons generate strong non-perturbative interactions between quarks. In the vacuum, these interactions lead to chiral symmetry breaking and generate constituent quark masses on the order of 300-400 MeV. The observation that the same forces also provide attraction in the scalar diquark channel leads to the prediction that cold quark matter is a color superconductor, with gaps as large as $\sim$~100 MeV. We provide a systematic treatment of color superconductivity in the instanton model. We show that the structure of the superconductor depends on the number of flavors. In the case of two flavors, we verify the standard scenario and provide an improved calculation of the mass gap. For three flavors, we show that the ground state is color-flavor locked and calculate the chiral condensate in the high density phase. We show that as a function of the strange quark mass, there is a sharp transition between the two phases. Finally, we go beyond the mean field approximation and investigate the role of instanton-anti-instanton molecules, which -- besides superconducting gap formation -- provide a competitive mechanism for chiral restoration at finite density.
description: 44 pages ReVTeX, incl. 23 eps/ps-figures, slightly revised version accepted for publication in Ann. of Phys
Digital Divide of Rural Territories in Russia
Creators: name: Kupriyanova, M.
name: Dronov, V.
name: Gordova, T.
name: Kupriyanova, M.
name: Dronov, V.
name: Gordova, T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Digital divide
subject: access to information
subject: socioeconomic development
subject: rural areas
subject: agriculture's contribution to rural development

description: Information and communication (ICT) technologies cause profound changes in social and economic phenomena. The initial stage of their diffusion is accompanied by complex and contradictory effects. One of these effects is the growing inequality in access to information and the newest technological achievements. The digital divide leaves vast social groups outside the progressive mainstream. Studies show that agribusiness and rural territories most severely suffer from digital discrimination. It consequently results in declining profitability and competitiveness of the agrarian sector and, furthermore, a growing gap between the quality of urban and rural life. To control the negative process, the primary task is to obtain a clear notion of the current tendencies. The study describes a qualitative method of analysis that can be used to measure the digital divide in rural territories.
RESEARCH ON CRO'S DILEMMA IN SAPIENS CHAIN: A GAME THEORY METHOD
Creators: name: Shi, Jinyu
name: Zhongru Wang
name: Ruan, Qiang
name: Wu, Yue
name: Binxing Fang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, blockchain-based techniques have been widely used in cybersecurity, owing to the decentralization, anonymity, credibility and not be tampered properties of the blockchain. As one of the decentralized framework, Sapiens Chain was proposed to protect cybersecurity by scheduling the computational resources dynamically, which were owned by Computational Resources Owners (CROs). However, when CROs in the same pool attack each other, all CROs will earn less. In this paper, we tackle the problem of prisoner’s dilemma from the perspective of CROs. We first define a game that a CRO infiltrates another pool and perform an attack. In such game, the honest CRO can control the payoffs and increase its revenue. By simulating this game, we propose to apply Zero Determinant (ZD) strategy on strategy decision, which can be categorized into cooperation and defecting. Our experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed strategy decision method.
title: Stress Chronologies and Periodicities in a Mass Burial, Charterhouse Warren Farm Shaft, United Kingdom: Microstructural Reconstruction of Environmental Interactions at the Precipice of Violent Death
Creators: name: Smith, Emily M
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Early Bronze Age Britain
subject: Bioarchaeology
subject: Histology
subject: Cannibalism

description: This study examines the chronology and periodicity of stress of the Charterhouse Warren Farm Shaft (CWFS) individuals, dated to the Early Bronze Age (EBA, ca. 2200- 2000 cal BC), Mendip Somerset, England. Previous studies suggested that these individuals were victims of violent deaths, defleshing, and conceivably cannibalism before internment within a deep natural fissure instead of the normative practice of burial under an EBA round barrow. Histological methods were used to identify the presence and estimate the chronology of accentuated lines (AL) in 10 permanent first, second, and third molars and canines sampled from five individuals (n = 5). Accentuated lines were identified as large, dark striae of Retzius that were visible over 75 percent of the dental plane between the dentin-enamel-junction and tooth surface. Chronology and periodicity of the accentuated line was estimated based along enamel prism distance from the neonatal line and other known chronologies. Defect timing ranged between 53-3,292 days (0.1-9.0 years). Chronologies expressed an interquartile range of 245-1,339 days (0.7-3.7 years) and a median of 999 days (2.7 years). Periodicity resulted in an interquartile range of 52-145 days (1.7-4.8 months) and an average of 100 days (3.3 months). AL were present in infancy, prior to weaning off breastmilk, and into the juvenile period, therefore metabolic stress was experienced throughout development. The introduction of complementary foods correlated to metabolic stress in a single individual, which indicates complementary foods failed to buffer from environmental stressors. Cyclical trends in AL depicted possible environmental impacts of seasonal shortages. Systemic seasonal impacts possibly impacted resource procurement and provide context to the subsequent violent deaths of the CWFS individuals.
title: Home and Preschool Literacy Environments of Children from Low-Income, Linguistically Diverse Families: Relations with Early Literacy Outcomes
Creators: name: Hutchison, Lindsey A.
Publisher: name: George Mason University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Literacy
subject: Preschool
subject: Low-income
subject: Language
subject: Childhood
subject: Education

description: The current study examined relationships between the home literacy environment (HLE), classroom literacy environment (CLE), and emergent literacy skills for young children from low socioeconomic, linguistically diverse backgrounds (N = 1043). Parents and teachers completed surveys, and specialists administered language assessments to children. Language groups included “English, “Spanish,” “English and Spanish,” and “English and Other.” Results indicated that, within the HLE, reading frequency was lower for the “English and Other” group, however recitation of poems was higher for this group. Availability of literacy materials and reading frequency were positively related to children’s book knowledge. This pattern held for children 3 years and older, but not for those under 3. For those 3 years and up, reading frequency was positively related to auditory comprehension. For those under 3, number of literacy materials was positively related to language skills. For native English-speakers, reading frequency and expressivecommunication were negatively related, while they were positively related for Spanish speakers. For English and Spanish speakers, number of literacy materials was positively related to auditory comprehension and book knowledge. Within the classroom, whole and small group reading were occurring less often than desired. CLE quality was negatively related to expressive communication, while it was positively related to book knowledge. Cluster analyses revealed that classrooms clustered into two groups, and children 3 years and older in the higher-quality cluster scored higher on language naming, auditory comprehension, expressive communication, book knowledge, and book interest than those in the lower-quality cluster. Though child gender and the HLE accounted for significant variance in early literacy skills, the CLE only had an effect beyond this for expressive communication skills. It also did not moderate the effects of the HLE. Future research should focus on the gap between the HLE and CLE, especially for children from low-income, linguistically diverse families.
A simple and direct method to analyse the influences of sampling fractions on modelling intra-city human mobility
Creators: name: Jincheng Jiang
name: Qingquan Li
name: Tu, Wei
name: Shih-Lung Shaw
name: Yue, Yang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Sampling fraction is crucial to sampling-related studies and applications, especially in the big data era when most data are neither originally designed nor controllable in the data collection process. A common concern among researchers is ‘what’s the modelling accuracy when using a sample?’. Taking intra-city human mobility as the study objective, this study utilizes a simple and direct method to analyse the influences of various sampling fractions on modelling accuracy. Five common intra-city human mobility indicators (travel distance, travel time, travel frequency, radius of gyration and movement entropy) are evaluated considering mean value, median and probability distribution. Experimental results demonstrate that the representativeness of each considered indicator converges to 1 in its own unique rate and variances. The minimum required sampling fractions to satisfy specific accuracies differ for various indicators and evaluation measures. To further investigate how related factors influence the modelling accuracy of sampling fractions, additional experiments are conducted considering multiple sampling methods, study scopes, and data sources. Several interesting general findings are observed. This study provides a reference for other sampling-based applications.
Spin-dependent scattering and magnetic proximity effect in Ni-doped Co/Cu multilayers as a probe of atomic magnetism
Creators: name: Tykhonenko-Polishchuk, Yu O
name: Polishchuk, D M
name: Polek, T I
name: Yaremkevych, D D
name: Kravets, A F
name: Tovstolytkin, A I
name: Timoshevskii, A N
name: Korenivski, V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin transport and ferromagnetic resonance properties of giant magnetoresistive (GMR) Co/Cu-Ni multilayers with variable levels of Ni doping in the Cu spacer. We present an experimental evidence for a magnetic-to-diamagnetic transition in the atomic magnetic moment of Ni in the Cu matrix for concentrations below 15 at. % Ni. As its concentration is increased, Ni atoms turn into spin scattering centers, which is manifested experimentally as a step-like change in the GMR of the multilayers. This behavior is observed in multilayers with gradient-doped Cu spacers, where only the inner region was doped with Ni. In the uniformly doped spacers the GMR decreases monotonously with increasing Ni content, indicating that Ni atoms are magnetic and act as spin relaxation centers in the entire dopant-concentration range studied. We explain the difference in the observed GMR behavior as due to a strong magnetic proximity effect in the uniform spacers, which is efficiently suppressed in the gradient spacers. The observed magnetic phase transition is fully supported by our detailed ab-initio calculations, taking into consideration structural relaxation in the system as well as potential Ni clustering. Controlling the loss or gain of the atomic magnetism for a specific dopant can be a tool in probing and controlling spin relaxation in materials and devices for spin-valve and spin-torque based applications.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Arrival time in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Delgado, V.
name: Muga, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A self-adjoint operator with dimensions of time is explicitly constructed, and it is shown that its complete and orthonormal set of eigenstates can be used to define consistently a probability distribution of the time of arrival at a spatial point.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX, no figures. A very minor correction to text