cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Probability of Inflation in Loop Quantum Cosmology
Creators: name: Ashtekar, Abhay
name: Sloan, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inflationary models of the early universe provide a natural mechanism for the formation of large scale structure. This success brings to forefront the question of naturalness: Does a sufficiently long slow roll inflation occur generically or does it require a careful fine tuning of initial parameters? In recent years there has been considerable controversy on this issue. In particular, for a quadratic potential, Kofman, Linde and Mukhanov have argued that the probability of inflation with at least 65 e-foldings is close to one, while Gibbons and Turok have argued that this probability is suppressed by a factor of ~ $\10^{-85}$. We first clarify that such dramatically different predictions can arise because the required measure on the space of solutions is intrinsically ambiguous in general relativity. We then show that this ambiguity can be naturally resolved in loop quantum cosmology (LQC) because the big bang is replaced by a big bounce and the bounce surface can be used to introduce the structure necessary to specify a satisfactory measure. The second goal of the paper is to present a detailed analysis of the inflationary dynamics of LQC using analytical and numerical methods. By combining this information with the measure on the space of solutions, we address a sharper question than those investigated in the literature: What is the probability of a sufficiently long slow roll inflation WHICH IS COMPATIBLE WITH THE SEVEN YEAR WMAP DATA? We show that the probability is very close to 1. The material is so organized that cosmologists who may be more interested in the inflationary dynamics in LQC than in the subtleties associated with measures can skip that material without loss of continuity.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures
Higher harmonics of the magnetoplasmon in strongly coupled Coulomb and Yukawa systems
Creators: name: Ott, T.
name: Bonitz, M.
name: Hartmann, P.
name: Donko, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The generation of higher harmonics of the magnetoplasmon frequency which has recently been reported in strongly coupled two-dimensional Yukawa systems is investigated in detail and, in addition, extended to two-dimensional Coulomb systems. We observe higher harmonics over a much larger frequency range than before and compare the theoretical prediction with the simulations. The influence of the coupling, structure, and thermal energy on the excitation of these modes is examined in detail. We also report on the effect of friction on the mode spectra to make predictions about the experimental observability of this new effect.
The helium spread in the Globular cluster 47 Tuc
Creators: name: Di Criscienzo, M.
name: Ventura, P.
name: Antona, F. D'
name: Milone, A.
name: Piotto, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectroscopy has shown the presence of the CN band dicothomy and the Na-O anticorrelations for 50--70% of the investigated samples in the cluster 47 Tuc, otherwise considered a "normal" prototype of high metallicity clusters from the photometric analysis. Very recently, the re-analysis of a large number of archival HST data of the cluster core has been able to put into evidence the presence of structures in the Sub Giant Branch: it has a brighter component with a spread in magnitude by $\sim$0.06 mag and a second one, made of about 10% of stars, a little fainter (by $\sim$0.05 mag). These data also show that the Main Sequence of the cluster has an intrinsic spread in color which, if interpreted as due to a small spread in helium abundance, suggests $Δ$Y$\sim$0.027. In this work we examine in detail whether the Horizontal Branch morphology and the Sub Giant structure provide further independent indications that a real --although very small-helium spread is present in the cluster. We re--analyze the HST archival data for the Horizontal Branch of 47 Tuc, obtaining a sample of $\sim$500 stars with very small photometric errors, and build population synthesis based on new models to show that its particular morphology can be better explained by taking into account a spread in helium abundance of 2% in mass. The same variation in helium is able to explain the spread in luminosity of the Sub Giant Branch, while a small part of the second generation is characterized by a small C+N+O increase and provides an explanation for the fainter Sub Giant Branch. We conclude that three photometric features concur to form the paradigm that a small but real helium spread is present in a cluster that has no spectacular evidence for multiple populations like those shown by other massive clusters.
description: Accepted for publication in the MNRAS on 2010 June 8. Received 2010 May 19; in original form 2010 February 9. 7 pages and 3 figures. No tables
Additional file 1 of Integration of circulating tumor cell and neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio to identify high-risk metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer patients
Creators: name: Chong, Weelic
name: Zhang, Zhenchao
name: Luo, Rui
name: Gu, Jian
name: Lin, Jianqing
name: Wei, Qiang
name: Li, Bingshan
name: Myers, Ronald
name: Lu-Yao, Grace
name: Kelly, William Kevin
name: Wang, Chun
name: Yang, Hushan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Univariate analysis of associations with clinical outcomes. Figure S1. Kaplan-Meier survival plots of mCRPC patients. The survival differences were compared between patients with ≥5 CTCs and those with < 5 CTCs (A for PFS analysis and B for OS analysis).
Microscopic Origin of the Shear Relaxation Time in Causal Dissipative Fluid Dynamics
Creators: name: Denicol, G. S.
name: Niemi, H.
name: Noronha, J.
name: Rischke, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show how to compute the shear relaxation time from an underlying microscopic theory. We prove that the shear relaxation time in Israel-Stewart-type theories is given by the inverse of the pole of the corresponding retarded Green's function, which is nearest to the origin in the complex energy plane. Consequently, the relaxation time in such theories is a microscopic, and not a macroscopic, i.e., fluid-dynamical time scale.
description: 10 pages, to appear in the proceedings of Advances in Nuclear Physics in Our Time (2010)
D8.4 Dissemination and Communication Report (M36)
Creators: name: SmashHit Consortium
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: communication
dissemination

description: This deliverable reports on the outcomes of 36 months of the project for dissemination, communication and community building (period: January 2020-December 2022). It is an updated version of M18 report with final assessment of KPIs. It shows the methodology followed, the instruments and mechanisms used to raise the project awareness, the collaboration policy with other projects and related stakeholders and interested groups. It reports on the KPIs for assessing the progress and impact in the due formal reports. List of events, conferences, interest groups, open source communities, online press, journals, social networks, etc. where the project have taken part at, is included.
Radius-expansion burst spectra from 4U 1728-34: an ultracompact binary?
Creators: name: Galloway, Duncan K.
name: Yao, Yangsen
name: Marshall, Herman
name: Misanovic, Zdenka
name: Weinberg, Nevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical and observational studies have shown that ashes from thermonuclear burning may be ejected during radius-expansion bursts, giving rise to photoionisation edges in the X-ray spectra. We report a search for such features in Chandra spectra observed from the low-mass X-ray binary 4U 1728-34. We analysed the spectra from four radius-expansion bursts detected in 2006 July, and two in 2002 March, but found no evidence for discrete features. We estimate upper limits for the equivalent widths of edges of a few hundred eV, which for the moderate temperatures observed during the bursts, are comparable with the predictions. During the 2006 July observation 4U 1728-34 exhibited weak, unusually frequent bursts (separated by <2 hr in some cases), with profiles and alpha-values characteristic of hydrogen-poor fuel. Recurrence times as short as those measured are insufficient to exhaust the accreted hydrogen at solar composition, suggesting that the source accretes hydrogen deficient fuel, for example from an evolved donor. The detection for the first time of a 10.77 min periodic signal in the persistent intensity, perhaps arising from orbital modulation, supports this explanation, and suggests that this system is an ultracompact binary similar to 4U 1820-30.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted by ApJ
OPC UA INFORMATION MODEL DEPLOYMENT
Creators: name: Postol, Mariusz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: OPC
OPC UA
OPC UA Information Model
OPC UA Address Space
Domain-Specific Languages
Model-Driven Engineering
Automation Systems

description: The industrial IT application domain is an integrated set of ICT systems. System integration means the necessity of the information exchange between them (the nodes of a common domain). The main challenge of deploying an industrial IT solution is that information is abstract, but unfortunately, machines cannot be used to process abstraction. It is also impossible to transfer abstraction from one place to another.

The main aim of this paper is to present a new emerging engineering discipline as a synergy between systematic design methodology and available tools. Bothering about information processing is usually recognized as research and development activity. Engaging R&D activity to provide information processing centric solutions has many drawbacks. It requires distinct skills and, in consequence, solving a problem and deploying the solution must be carried out as two independent phases. It is not efficient and, therefore, very expensive and risky. The OPC Unified Architecture standard addresses this problem, namely, it proposes an architecture, services and information modeling consistent concepts with the goal to allow vendors to release out-of-the-box products ready to be used by engineers. The above-mentioned issues could be overcome by reusability and unification.

The main challenge of adopting the OPC UA standard is to converge the methodology and tools development to eliminate research and programming needs.

This whitepaper is dedicated to architects and software developers to help them deploy the real-time process state and behavior description as a ready to use solution in a real production environment and use this description to integrate the process as a consistent part of a selected Industrial IT application domain. The high-level general discussion refers to the Analyzer Device Integration (ADI) model and is illustrated using CAS Address Space Model Designer tool. It makes the paper a case study that should be useful also for the deployment of any OPC UA product.
description: White paper
description: {"references": ["J\u00fcrgen Lange, Frank Iwanitz, Thomas J. Burke. Von Data Access bis Unified Architecture. H\u00fcthig Fachverlag, 2009.", "Wolfgang Mahnke, Stefan Helmut Leitner, Matthias Damm. OPC Unified Architecture. Berlin: Springer, 2009.", "OPC UA Specification: Part 1 \u2013 Concepts, Version 1.0 or later. OPC Foundation, 2009.", "OPC UA Specification: Part 3 \u2013 Address Space Model, Version 1.0 or later. OPC Foundation, 2009.", "OPC UA Specification: Part 4 \u2013 Services, Version 1.0 or later. OPC Foundation, 2009.", "OPC Unified Architecture Companion Specification for Analyser Devices. OPC Foundation, 2009.", "OPC Unified Architecture Companion Specification for Devices. OPC Foundation, 2009.", "Mariusz Postol. Object Oriented Internet ,https://github.com/mpostol/OPC-UA-OOI, 2016 DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1198852."]}
Superradiance induced topological vortex phase in a Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Tasgin, M. Emre
name: Mustecaplioglu, Ozgur E.
name: You, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically a topological vortex phase transition induced by a superradiant phase transition in an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate driven by a Laguerre-Gaussian optical mode. We show that superradiant radiation can either carry zero angular momentum, or be in a rotating Laguerre-Gaussian mode with angular momentum. The conditions leading to these two regimes are determined in terms of the width for the pump laser and the condensate size for the limiting cases where the recoil energy is both much smaller and larger than the atomic interaction energy.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
Canada’s non-compliance with the Convention on Elimination of all forms of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) : neo-liberal policy and the suppression of women’s rights in Canada
Creators: name: Meitz, Stephanie Frances
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: In 1981, Canada ratified the Convention of Elimination of Discrimination Against Women (CEDAW) in what would be perceived as an attempt to create a more just and equal society for women. However, with the implementation of harsh neo-liberal policies that emphasize privatization and minimal government intervention, women in Canada, particularly those most disadvantaged, are facing human rights violations. The past decade has been especially damaging as Canada’s conservative government led by Stephen Harper made drastic funding cuts to women’s organizations and serious cutbacks to social services through austerity measures. These neo-liberal policies are not only incompatible with the CEDAW, but are in direct opposition to its mandate, and democratic values in general. I will outline the recommendations made by CEDAW to the State of Canada, and discuss the State’s blatant disregard towards the CEDAW and its principles of eliminating discrimination against women. I will describe the actions that the Canadian government, specifically the current conservative government, has taken to intentionally hinder the advancement of women’s rights. I will argue that that these violations are an attempt to suppress threats to the current politico-economic system, neo-liberalism, which, I will argue, is inherently discriminatory. I will further argue that, especially in light of its colonial past and neo-colonial present, Canada must support autonomous women’s rights movements and provide extensive social services if an effort to eliminate discrimination against women is to be made.
Photospheric radius expansion during magnetar bursts
Creators: name: Watts, Anna L.
name: Kouveliotou, Chryssa
name: van der Horst, Alexander J.
name: Gogus, Ersin
name: Kaneko, Yuki
name: van der Klis, Michiel
name: Wijers, Ralph A. M. J.
name: Harding, Alice K.
name: Baring, Matthew G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On August 24th 2008 the new magnetar SGR 0501+4516 (discovered by SWIFT) emitted a bright burst with a pronounced double-peak structure in hard X-rays, reminiscent of the double-peak temporal structure seen in some bright thermonuclear bursts on accreting neutron stars. In the latter case this is due to Photospheric Radius Expansion (PRE): when the flux reaches the Eddington limit, the photosphere expands and cools so that emission becomes softer and drops temporarily out of the X-ray band, re-appearing as the photosphere settles back down. We consider the factors necessary to generate double-peaked PRE events, and show that such a mechanism could plausibly operate in magnetar bursts, despite the vastly different emission process. Identification of the magnetic Eddington limit in a magnetar would constrain magnetic field and distance and could, in principle, enable a measurement of gravitational redshift. It would also locate the emitting region at the neutron star surface, constraining the burst trigger mechanism. Conclusive confirmation of PRE events will require more detailed radiative models for bursts. However for SGR 0501+4516 the predicted critical flux (using the magnetic field strength inferred from timing and the distance suggested by its probable location in the Perseus arm of our Galaxy) is consistent with that observed in the August 24th burst.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures, ApJ in press
Machine-Actionable and FAIR Metadata Models
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Beltran, Alejandra
name: Batista, Dominique
name: Rocca-Serra, Philippe
name: Susanna-Assunta Sansone
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: metadata model, machine-actionable, FAIR, JSON-LD, JSON-Schema

description: This poster illustrate an approach and set of open source software tools to produce machine-actionable and FAIR metadata models.
Instantons on ALE spaces and Super Liouville Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Bonelli, Giulio
name: Maruyoshi, Kazunobu
name: Tanzini, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We provide evidence that the conformal blocks of N=1 super Liouville conformal field theory are described in terms of the SU(2) Nekrasov partition function on the ALE space O_{P^1}(-2).
description: 10 pages
Composability in quantum cryptography
Creators: name: Mueller-Quade, Joern
name: Renner, Renato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this article, we review several aspects of composability in the context of quantum cryptography. The first part is devoted to key distribution. We discuss the security criteria that a quantum key distribution protocol must fulfill to allow its safe use within a larger security application (e.g., for secure message transmission). To illustrate the practical use of composability, we show how to generate a continuous key stream by sequentially composing rounds of a quantum key distribution protocol. In a second part, we take a more general point of view, which is necessary for the study of cryptographic situations involving, for example, mutually distrustful parties. We explain the universal composability framework and state the composition theorem which guarantees that secure protocols can securely be composed to larger applications
description: 18 pages, 2 figures
The Role of Radiology in the Diagnosis and Management of patients with blunt abdominal trauma.pdf
Creators: name: Eze, Kenneth
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110307 Gastroenterology and Hepatology
subject: Health Care
subject: 111709 Health Care Administration
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111710 Health Counselling
subject: 110310 Intensive Care
subject: 110803 Medical Parasitology
subject: 110801 Medical Bacteriology
subject: 110107 Metabolic Medicine
subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology
subject: 111403 Paediatrics
subject: 111499 Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine not elsewhere classified
subject: 110320 Radiology and Organ Imaging
subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: 111209 Solid Tumours

description: Role of radiology in the care of patients with blunt abdominal trauma for a better outcome
Flora-spray: A Sustainable Substitute of Chemical Mosquito Repellents
Creators: name: Jaman, Sadia
name: Chowhan, Susmita
name: Sweety, Amina Khatun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Flora-spray, Insect repellent, chemical derivatives, health hazard, larvicidal effect

description: Abstract  Conventional mosquito repellents are composed of chemical derivatives which are used in confrontation against Aedes, Anopheles, Culex, and as well as other vector species. Hence, these compounds have a detrimental effect on insects; they can cause critical health hazards to human health as well as domestic animals. On that occasion, a sustainable eco-friendly alternative is an urgent need. Our idea is to present a phytochemical-based flora-spray formulation that can effectively kill the mosquitoes as well as safe for domestic use. Prior experiment depicts that several plant-derived compounds like thymol, alkaloids, flavonoids, and other phenolics exhibit the larvicidal effects (growth inhibition, abnormalities in the reproductive system, and so on) of the disease-causing vectors. Moreover, these active plant ingredients have very lower or zero intervention in human health and household animals. It is noteworthy to convert the plant ingredient into a spray that can act as a sustainable tool for insect control and mitigate the disease burden.
The thermal roots of correlation-based complexity
Creators: name: Fraundorf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian maxent lets one integrate thermal physics and information theory points of view in the quantitative study of complex systems. Since net surprisal (a free energy analog for measuring "departures from expected") allows one to place second law constraints on mutual information (a multi-moment measure of correlations), it makes a quantitative case for the role of reversible thermalization in the natural history of invention, and suggests multiscale strategies to monitor standing crop as well. It prompts one to track evolved complexity starting from live astrophysically-observed processes, rather than only from evidence of past events. Various gradients and boundaries that play a role in availability flow, ranging from the edge of a wave-packet to the boundary between idea-pools, allow one to frame wide-ranging correlations (including that between a phenomenon and its explanation) as delocalized {\em physical} structures.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 43 references
Spatial diquark correlations in a hadron
Creators: name: Green, Jeremy
name: Engelhardt, Michael
name: Negele, John
name: Varilly, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using lattice QCD, a diquark can be studied in a gauge-invariant manner by binding it to a static quark in a heavy-light-light hadron. We compute the simultaneous two-quark density of a diquark, including corrections for periodic boundary conditions. We define a correlation function to isolate the intrinsic correlations of the diquark and reduce the effects caused by the presence of the static quark. Away from the immediate vicinity of the static quark, the diquark has a consistent shape, with much stronger correlations seen in the good (scalar) diquark than in the bad (vector) diquark. We present results for m_π=293 MeV in N_f=2+1 QCD as well as m_π=940 MeV in quenched QCD, and discuss the dependence of the spatial size on the pion mass.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Talk presented at the XXVIII International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2010), June 14-19, 2010, Villasimius, Sardinia, Italy
Correlated leading baryon-antibaryon production in e+e- --> ccbar --> Lambda_c+ antiLambda_c- X
Creators: name: The BABAR Collaboration
name: Aubert, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of 649 \pm 35 e+e- --> ccbar events produced at sqrt{s}~10.6 GeV containing both a Lambda_c baryon and a Lambda_c antibaryon. The number observed is roughly four times that expected if the leading charmed hadron types are uncorrelated, confirming an observation by the CLEO Collaboration. We find a 2-jet topology in these events but very few additional baryons, demonstrating that the primary c and cbar are predominantly contained in a correlated baryon-antibaryon system. In addition to the charmed baryons we observe on average 2.6 \pm 0.2 charged intermediate mesons, predominantly pions, carrying 65% of the remaining energy.
description: 8 pages, 3 postscript figures, submitted to Phys.Rev D-RC
Study of cholesterol in tethered membrane using coarse grained molecular dynamics simulations
Creators: name: Duan, Yan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This work presents a study of cholesterol's effects on archaebacterial cell membranes using coarse grain molecular dynamic simulations. As a major component in biological membranes, cholesterol is closely related to the dynamics of lipids and biomechanical properties of the membrane. A coarse grained molecular dynamics (CGMD) model is constructed to study the membrane properties. The CMGD model provides insights into the diffusion dynamics of lipids, membrane thickness, line tension, and surface tension as a function of cholesterol content. The CGMD simulation results are validated using experimental measurements from a tethered archaebacterial bilayer lipid membrane. The membrane is tethered to an inert gold bioelectronic interface, which allows the experimental measurements to be performed using standard laboratory equipments. A fractional order macroscopic model is introduced to link microscopic simulation results with macroscopic experimental measurements. To ensure the bioelectronic interface does not affect the membrane dynamics and biomechanics, it is shown that variations in the position dependent water density are negligible near the surface of the membrane. Furthermore, the Percus-Yevick equation is used to confirm that harsh repulsive forces play a negligible role in the long range dynamics of the water density profile.
Search for Production of Heavy Particles Decaying to Top Quarks and Invisible Particles in $p\bar{p}$ collisions at $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a search for a new particle $T'$ decaying to top quark via $T^{\prime} \rightarrow t + X$, where $X$ is an invisible particle. In a data sample with 4.8 fb$^{-1}$ of integrated luminosity collected by the CDF II detector at Fermilab in $p\bar{p}$ collisions with $\sqrt{s}=1.96$ TeV, we search for pair production of $T'$ in the lepton+jets channel, $p\bar{p} \rightarrow t\bar{t} +X+X \rightarrow \ellνb q q' b + X +X$. We interpret our results primarily in terms of a model where $T'$ are exotic fourth generation quarks and $X$ are dark matter particles. Current direct and indirect bounds on such exotic quarks restrict their masses to be between 300 and 600 GeV$/c^2$, the dark matter particle mass being anywhere below $m_{T^{\prime}}$. The data are consistent with standard model expectations, and we set 95% confidence level limits on the generic production of $T'\bar{T'} \rightarrow t\bar{t}+X+X$. We apply these limits to the dark matter model and exclude the fourth generation exotic quarks $T'$ at 95% confidence level up to $m_{T'}=360$ GeV$/c^{2}$ for $m_X\le 100$ GeV$/c^2$.
New Shipping Containers for Fresh Western Cherries: Costs, Performance, and Trade Acceptance
Creators: name: Hinsch, Robert Tom
name: Fountain, James B.
name: Rij, Roger E.
name: Hinsch, Robert Tom
name: Fountain, James B.
name: Rij, Roger E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Approximately three-fourths of the sweet cherry crop sold fresh in the United States is produced in California, Washington, and Oregon. The jumble-filled wood box has been the most commonly used container for shipping fresh cherries to market since 1960. The purpose of this study was to find out (1) how much the cost of marketing fresh western cherries by air and by rail could be reduced if they were packed and shipped in fiberboard and polystyrene foam boxes instead of in wood boxes and (2) whether the injury to cherries would be greater or less by packing them in fiberboard boxes and in polystyrene foam boxes than by packing them in wood boxes.
Thermal architecture for the SPIDER flight cryostat
Creators: name: Gudmundsson, J. E.
name: Ade, P. A. R.
name: Amiri, M.
name: Benton, S. J.
name: Bihary, R.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Bond, J. R.
name: Bonetti, J. A.
name: Bryan, S. A.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Contaldi, C. R.
name: Crill, B. P.
name: O'Dea, D.
name: Farhang, M.
name: Filippini, J. P.
name: Fissel, L. M.
name: Gandilo, N. N.
name: Golwala, S. R.
name: Halpern, M.
name: Hasselfield, M.
name: Helson, K. R.
name: Hilton, G.
name: Holmes, W.
name: Hristov, V. V.
name: Irwin, K. D.
name: Jones, W. C.
name: Kuo, C. L.
name: MacTavish, C. J.
name: Mason, P. V.
name: Montroy, T. E.
name: Morford, T. A.
name: Netterfield, C. B.
name: Rahlin, A. S.
name: Reintsema, C. D.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Runyan, M. C.
name: Schenker, M. A.
name: Shariff, J. A.
name: Soler, J. D.
name: Trangsrud, A.
name: Tucker, C.
name: Tucker, R. S.
name: Turner, A. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the cryogenic system for SPIDER, a balloon-borne microwave polarimeter that will map 8% of the sky with degree-scale angular resolution. The system consists of a 1284 L liquid helium cryostat and a 16 L capillary-filled superfluid helium tank, which provide base operating temperatures of 4 K and 1.5 K, respectively. Closed-cycle helium-3 adsorption refrigerators supply sub-Kelvin cooling power to multiple focal planes, which are housed in monochromatic telescope inserts. The main helium tank is suspended inside the vacuum vessel with thermally insulating fiberglass flexures, and shielded from thermal radiation by a combination of two vapor cooled shields and multi-layer insulation. This system allows for an extremely low instrumental background and a hold time in excess of 25 days. The total mass of the cryogenic system, including cryogens, is approximately 1000 kg. This enables conventional long duration balloon flights. We will discuss the design, thermal analysis, and qualification of the cryogenic system.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; as published in the conference proceedings for SPIE Millimeter, Submillimeter, and Far-Infrared Detectors and Instrumentation for Astronomy V (2010)
Trust transitivity in social networks
Creators: name: Richters, Oliver
name: Peixoto, Tiago P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Non-centralized recommendation-based decision making is a central feature of several social and technological processes, such as market dynamics, peer-to-peer file-sharing and the web of trust of digital certification. We investigate the properties of trust propagation on networks, based on a simple metric of trust transitivity. We investigate analytically the percolation properties of trust transitivity in random networks with arbitrary degree distribution, and compare with numerical realizations. We find that the existence of a non-zero fraction of absolute trust (i.e. entirely confident trust) is a requirement for the viability of global trust propagation in large systems: The average pair-wise trust is marked by a discontinuous transition at a specific fraction of absolute trust, below which it vanishes. Furthermore, we perform an extensive analysis of the Pretty Good Privacy (PGP) web of trust, in view of the concepts introduced. We compare different scenarios of trust distribution: community- and authority-centered. We find that these scenarios lead to sharply different patterns of trust propagation, due to the segregation of authority hubs and densely-connected communities. While the authority-centered scenario is more efficient, and leads to higher average trust values, it favours weakly-connected "fringe" nodes, which are directly trusted by authorities. The community-centered scheme, on the other hand, favours nodes with intermediate degrees, in detriment of the authorities and its "fringe" peers.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures (with minor corrections)
Holographic Dark Energy Interacting with Two Fluids and Validity of Generalized Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Debnath, Ujjal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have considered a cosmological model of holographic dark energy interacting with dark matter and another unknown component of dark energy of the universe. We have assumed two interaction terms $Q$ and $Q'$ in order to include the scenario in which the mutual interaction between the two principal components (i.e., holographic dark energy and dark matter) of the universe leads to some loss in other forms of cosmic constituents. Our model is valid for any sign of $Q$ and $Q'$. If $QQ'$, then dark matter energy receives from dark energy and from the unknown component of dark energy. Observation suggests that dark energy decays into dark matter. Here we have presented a general prescription of a cosmological model of dark energy which imposes mutual interaction between holographic dark energy, dark matter and another fluid. We have obtained the equation of state for the holographic dark energy density which is interacting with dark matter and other unknown component of dark energy. Using first law of thermodynamics, we have obtained the entropies for holographic dark energy, dark matter and other component of dark energy, when holographic dark energy interacting with two fluids (i.e., dark matter and other component of dark energy). Also we have found the entropy at the horizon when the radius ($L$) of the event horizon measured on the sphere of the horizon. We have investigated the GSL of thermodynamics at the present time for the universe enveloped by this horizon. Finally, it has been obtained validity of GSL which implies some bounds on deceleration parameter $q$.
description: 10 pages
Handling and Opening Bud-Cut Chrysanthemum Flowers with 8-Hydroxyquinoline Citrate and Sucrose
Creators: name: Marousky, F. J.
name: Marousky, F. J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Chrysanthemum flowers are normally harvested commercially after they have fully opened on the plant. If flowers could be harvested in the bud stage and allowed to develop in chemical solution rather than on the plant, flower growers would have much greater flexibility in their cultural and marketing programs. Flower growers harvesting chrysanthemum flowers as buds might also use their facilities more efficiently by producing more crops per year. The study reported here was undertaken to determine the feasibility of handling and opening standard chrysanthemum flowers, cut in the bud stage, with solutions of 8-hydroxyquinoline citrate (8-HQC) and sucrose.
Berezin quantization of homogeneous bounded domains
Creators: name: Loi, Andrea
name: Mossa, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that a homogeneous bounded domain admits a Berezin quantization.
title: American Expeditionary Forces
title: American Expeditionary Forces
Creators: name: Skinner, Harold Allen
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: USA / American Expeditionary Forces
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: United States. Army. American Expeditionary Forces
subject: World War, 1914-1918--United States

description: Beginning in April 1917, the United States (US) army rapidly transformed from a diminutive constabulary force to a 4 million man draftee army, from which was formed the 2 million strong American Expeditionary Forces (AEF) that decisively tipped the balance of power on the Western Front to the Allied cause in late 1918.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Herstellung, Prüfung und Modellierung neuartiger hybrider Aluminiumschaum-CFK-Sandwichverbunde
Creators: name: Rupp, Peter
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2019
Subjects: Sandwich
hybrider Werkstoffverbund
Charakterisierung
Impact
CFK
Aluminiumschaum
sandwich
hybrid composite
charakterisation
impact
cfrp
aluminium foam

description: Der hybride Aufbau der in dieser Arbeit charakterisierten Sandwichverbunde bewirkt besondere mechanische und materialographische Eigenschaften, die in analytischen Modellen wie z.B. der massespezifischen Biegesteifigkeit, Failure Mode Maps, und der dynamischen Impactkräfte quantifiziert werden. Ein Rückschluss auf den Aufbau der Sandwichverbunde zeigt einen maßgeblichen Einfluss der Deckschicht auf die Biegesteifigkeit, sowie des Sandwichkerns auf die Dichte und das Verformungsverhalten.
Food Prices Before and After Distribution of Welfare Checks … Low-Income Areas, Seven Cities, 1969
Creators: name: Taylor, Eileen F.
name: Taylor, Eileen F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Low income
subject: Food
subject: Retail prices
subject: Consumer
subject: Consumer Price Index
subject: Welfare checks

description: This report provides the results of a survey conducted by USDA in response to allegations that retail food stores operating in low-income areas raise prices to coincide with the issuance of welfare checks. Survey data--based on purchases made during two visits, 1 week apart, to 261 low-income area stores in seven cities--showed no identifiable pattern of price increases after the distribution of checks. Both price increases and decreases occurred, but, overall, the total cost of approximately 3,900 items purchased each week increased less than 0.1 percent from the first to the second week. In all cities surveyed, there was a significant correlation between the number of items that were not price marked and the number of price changes.
Modernizing Handling Systems for Florida Citrus From Picking to Packing Line
Creators: name: Bowman, Earl K.
name: Spurlock, A. H.
name: Hedden, Scott
name: Grierson, William
name: Bowman, Earl K.
name: Spurlock, A. H.
name: Hedden, Scott
name: Grierson, William
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Excerpts from the report: For many years wooden field boxes were used exclusively by the Florida citrus industry to handle citrus fruit from the picker to the packing line. The field-box system has been essentially uniform since 1875. However, in recent years changes have taken place and other systems have been adopted either partially or entirely. The purpose of this study is to provide costs, labor and equipment requirements, and various engineering-economic data for use in planning improved systems for handling citrus from picking to packing line. Four systems are described and compared. Comparative costs and supplemental information are provided in this report for the field-box, the full-bulk, the pallet-box, and the modified-bulk systems currently in use.
IMPROVING MICROSERVICES OBSERVABILITY IN CLOUD-NATIVE INFRASTRUCTURE USING EBPF
Creators: name: Sharma, Bhavye
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cloud computing
Information systems organisation and management
Software architecture
Software quality, processes and metrics

description: Microservices have emerged as a popular pattern for developing large-scale applications in cloud environments for their flexibility, scalability, and agility benefits. However, microservices make management more complex due to their scale, multiple languages, and distributed nature. Orchestration and automation tools like Kubernetes help deploy microservices running simultaneously, but it can be difficult for an operator to understand their behaviors, interdependencies, and interactions. In such a complex and dynamic environment, performance problems (e.g., slow application responses and high resource usage) require significant human effort spent on diagnosis and recovery. Moreover, manual diagnosis of cloud microservices tends to be tedious, time-consuming, and impractical. Effective and automated performance analysis and anomaly detection require an observable system, which means an application's internal state can be inferred by observing and tracking metrics, traces, and logs. Traditional APM uses libraries and SDKs to improve application monitoring and tracing but has additional overheads of rewriting, recompiling, and redeploying the applications' code base. Therefore, there is a critical need for a standardized automated microservices observability solution that does not require rewriting or redeploying the application to keep up with the agility of microservices.
 This thesis studies observability for microservices and implements an automated Extended Berkeley Packet Filter (eBPF) based observability solution. eBPF is a Linux feature that allows us to write extensions to the Linux kernel for security and observability use cases. eBPF does not require modifying the application layer and instrumenting the individual microservices. Instead, it instruments the kernel-level API calls, which are common across all hosts in the cluster. eBPF programs provide observability information from the lowest-level system calls and can export data without additional performance overhead. The Prometheus time-series database is leveraged to store all the captured metrics and traces for analysis. With the help of our tool, a DevOps engineer can easily identify abnormal behavior of microservices and enforce appropriate countermeasures. Using Chaos Mesh, we inject anomalies at the network and host layer, which we can identify with root cause identification using the proposed solution. The Chameleon cloud testbed is used to deploy our solution and test its capabilities and limitations.
Essays on international economics
Creators: name: Chen, Zhe
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation consists of three chapters. The first chapter examines how the export intensity of Chinese firms is related to their productivity, and finds a negative correlation within exporting firms. This pattern remains robust even when controlling for ownership, trade mode, factor intensity, and export subsidies. Firms have to pay marketing costs in order to reach customers. If the elasticity of these costs, with respect to the number of consumers in the domestic market, is higher than in foreign markets, then more productive firms sell relatively more in the domestic market compared with low-productivity firms. Using the marketing cost framework, this chapter further estimates the elasticity of marketing costs in each market and then uses local market competition to explain the heterogeneity in elasticity across markets. When competition is tougher in a market, elasticity is higher there. The second chapter investigates the exchange rate pass-through differences in import prices between two trade modes and finds some robust empirical patterns. First, Chinese-owned assembly firms bear higher exchange rate pass-through than multinational firms. However, joint-owned and foreign-owned assembly firms bear less. Second, the exchange rate pass-through is greater when firms import materials from developed countries. Third, assembly firms can bear higher exchange rate pass-through if they have higher market shares or import less inputs. Finally, high financial development is helpful for assembly firms to bear higher exchange rate pass-through. The last chapter discusses the impact of China's rare earth policy on downstream industries. When China implemented the tough restriction on rare earth exporting in 2010, it caused a significant price gap between the domestic market and foreign markets. Therefore, downstream industries in China enjoy cost advantages relative to foreign competitors. First, this policy has led a rapid increase in exports of Chinese rare earth downstream firms relative to other Chinese firms. The increase of exports is mainly due to the price rather than quantity. Second, this chapter focuses on a typical downstream product -- magnets, and finds that the exports of Chinese metal permanent magnet also increase faster than exports of other countries.
An exploratory study of contributing elements in the development of attachment between foster parents and young children
Creators: name: Svehla, Philipp
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This research study explored the development of attachment between foster parents and young foster children aged 2-4 years old. Using a qualitative research methodology, this exploratory study was conducted in the hope of directing future research by suggesting factors that may affect the development of attachment between foster children and their foster parents. In-depth interviews were conducted with seven foster parents (median years fostering was 16; median number of children fostered was 23). Guided by Hammersley and Atkinson's (1995) approach to thematic content analysis, the interviews were analyzed for common themes. Various characteristics of foster parents, foster children, and the environment became clear as the result of thematic content analysis. From the analysis, 47 categories, subcategories, and sub-subcategories emerged, including the following 12 main categories: (a) Nurturing, (b) Stability, (c) Awareness, (d) Adaptability, (e) Desire to help, (f) Empowering children, (g) Stress relief, (h) Support, (i) Age (of foster child), (j) Negative, hurtful past experiences(of foster child), (k) Physical health (of foster child), and (l) the Ministry of Children and Family Development's involvement. The results corroborate existing literature as well as tentatively propose new ideas that may influence attachment for foster children. All the themes appeared to converge upon the biopsychosocial well-being of young foster children. Theoretical, clinical, and methodological implications are discussed.