cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Remarks about the Tensor Mode Detection by the BICEP2 Collaboration and the Super-Planckian Excursions of the Inflaton Field
Creators: name: Kehagias, Alex
name: Riotto, Antonio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent detection by the BICEP2 collaboration of a high level of tensor modes has relevant implications which we briefly discuss in this short note. In particular, the large angle CMB B- mode polarisation seems to imply problematic super-Planckian excursions of the inflaton field. We provide some comments about this point and in particular we stress a natural resolution to it: given our current (and probably future) observational ignorance about the true source of the scalar perturbations, one should abandon the theoretical prejudice that they are associated to the inflaton fluctuations.
description: 5 pages
10 Inventions on scrolling and scrollbars in Graphical User Interface
Creators: name: Mishra, Umakant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Scrolling mechanism is used to display and edit large documents in a limited screen space or window. The scrolling mechanism may include a vertical scroll bar or a horizontal scroll bar or both to move the contents of the documents up and down or left and right. There may be navigation buttons on the screen representing the navigation keys on the keyboard. The user can click these buttons to scroll the screen. There may be very different methods of scrolling such as by using the "thumb", as popularly used with a PDF document. Scrolling may be achieved through eyeball tracking in a hands-free environment where the user does not have hands or wants to use hands for other activities. This article illustrates ten interesting inventions on scrolling selected from US patent database.
description: 13 pages
Modeling of acoustic waves in pipes with impedance walls and double roots
Creators: name: Kelsten, Matthew
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Non-Hermitian systems can exhibit exceptional points (EPs) at which modes coalesce. The connectionbetween EPs and acoustic damping goes back to the observation of Cremer (1953) that optimalattenuation in a duct occurs when the two lowest modes have equal complex-valued eigenvalues,although the physical basis for this effect remains unclear. In an attempt to understand Cremer'sobservation we consider the model cases of a two and three-dimensional waveguide with differentimpedance conditions on the boundaries. Introductory work delves into the intricacies of waveguidemodeling such as solution obtaining methodologies, modal dependencies, phase velocities, group velocities, Green's function solutions, and impedance discontinuity effects. An EP existence conditionis derived and explored for both cases. Doing so in this order allows for the determination of thecomplete set of all possible pairs of passive impedance conditions that give rise to EPs, and fromthese to select impedances appropriate to a particular frequency band. Numerical and computationalsimulations are presented to demonstrate modeling legitimacy with the inclusion of some preliminaryexperimental work for the purpose of establishing experiments to test physically realizable EPbehavior. All results point towards promising alternatives and or explanations for large and almostperfect broadband absorption. The theoretical findings are compared to realistic passive impedancevalues based on models for boundary impedance. These comparisons are discussed to illustrate thefeasibility of optimized wall impedances in absorbing sound passing through ducts.
Non-traditional application of drug and excipient
Creators: name: Khatri, Pinak Bharat
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: During formulation development, there are cases when, serendipitously, drug or excipients play a different role than intended one or a dual role. One of the examples of a non-traditional role is of a drug acting as a plasticizer. Plasticization tendency of APIs on polymers can be advantageous for hot melt extrusion, and film coating application. Due to the inherent plasticizing property of API, it can be mixed uniformly with other polymers using a V-blender or high shear mixer without the use of additional organic solvents during the formulation process. Divalproex sodium (DVS) is shown to possess plasticization tendency on Ethylcellulose(EC) using thermal, mechanical and rheological characterization of films of DVS and EC. Also, further characterization of the films using polarized microscopy, TGA, FTIR, Raman spectroscopy revealed the physical nature of the drug and polymer along with their interactions. The plasticization tendency was attributed to the presence of valproic acid, which is a component that is bound by coordinate bond with sodium valproate to form DVS. This study shows the non-traditional role of API as a plasticizer for a polymer (EC).Some polymers can play a non-traditional role or dual role in formulation development; for example-a surfactant(poloxamer) can be used as plasticizer in hot melt extrusion, while Sodium Lauryl Sulfate, a wetting agent,  can act as lubricant in a tablet formulation. Compression property of a sustained release polymer can aid the formulation scientist since it can be used alone or with less amount of compression aid to formulate a direct compression immediate release tablet or sustained release tablet dosage form. Affinisol® HPMC HME polymers were developed by Dow Chemicals to cater the need of Formulation Scientist for a low Tg HPMC for HME applications since the traditionally available grades have HPMC have much higher Tg and require the addition of plasticizer. Due to the low Tg of Affinisol® HPMC HME polymers, it is proposed that it may possess better compactability at low compression pressure. The study was undertaken to evaluate the compaction property of these polymers. Furthermore, powder properties were also examined for its proposed use as a dry binder or a direct compression sustained release polymer. Based on the compaction and powder properties of these polymers, these polymers can be used for the potential application as a dry binder or a direct compression sustained release polymer in tablet formulations.
Comparison of amplicon sequencing to conventional fecal source tracking techniques in the Navesink River
Creators: name: Phelan, Sarah
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: Fecal indicator bacteria are commonly used to evaluate water quality and make decisions on designating and restricting use. A drawback of this method is it does not differentiate fecal sources for management purposes. Microbial source tracking is being explored as an alternative and more informative method of assessing and identifying contaminant sources. High throughput sequencing of the 16s rRNA region allows for rapid, large scale microbial community analyses and is an attractive source tracking method that has not been thoroughly explored. To investigate the effectiveness of this method, samples were collected from representative fecal sources from horse, dogs, geese, and wastewater then mixed in known quantities to create a fecal library.  A series of field samples were collected during wet and dry weather from the Navesink River, Red Bank, New Jersey. The library and field samples were evaluated for fecal coliform, qPCR for fecal marker genes, and those results were compared with the microbial community fingerprints generated by amplicon sequencing. The results from all three techniques were cross compared to understand the consistency of results between methods, and will inform the application of amplicon sequencing for source tracking in surface waters impacted by fecal/bacterial contamination. Results showed significant differences in library samples with biomarkers that could be applied with success to select sites with elevated coliform results; indicate further biomarker investigation is needed in sequencing results.
Logarithmic heat kernels estimates without curvature restrictions
Creators: name: Chen, Xin
name: Li, Xue Mei
name: Wu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60Gxx, 60Hxx, 58J65, 58J70

description: The main results of the article are short time estimates and asymptotic estimates for the first two order derivatives of the logarithmic heat kernel of a complete Riemannian manifold. We remove all curvature restrictions and also develop several techniques. A basic tool developed here is intrinsic stochastic variations with prescribed second order covariant differentials, allowing to obtain a path integration representation for the second order derivatives of the heat semigroup $P_t$ on a complete Riemannian manifold, again without any assumptions on the curvature. The novelty is the introduction of an $ε^2$ term in the variation allowing greater control. We also construct a family of cut-off stochastic processes adapted to an exhaustion by compact subsets with smooth boundaries, each process is constructed path by path and differentiable in time, furthermore the differentials have locally uniformly bounded moments with respect to the Brownian motion measures, allowing to by-pass the lack of continuity of the exit time of the Brownian motions on its initial position.
Factors affecting the 2,4-dinitrophenyl hydrazine reaction with lipid carbonyls
Creators: name: Kandrac, Morgan
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: The basic reactions of lipid oxidation were first reported more than 50 years ago, yet measurement of lipid oxidation remains a challenge for both industry and academia. Particularly missing are sensitive and accurate methods for quantitating and identifying secondary non-volatile oxidation products such as monomer carbonyls, both saturated and unsaturated, and core aldehydes remaining on triacylglycerols. Methods for quantitating carbonyls by reaction with 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) have been plagued with inconsistencies and problems that have limited applications to analyses of lipid carbonyls. This thesis has re-evaluated the chemistry underlying reaction of 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine with lipid carbonyls to develop a robust method that is chemically accurate and quantitative as well as simple enough for both research and industrial quality control analyses.DNPH reaction conditions and characteristics were tested using pure aldehydes that are typical lipid oxidation products, including saturated, monounsaturated, and diunsaturated compounds. DNPH was dissolved in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF), acidified with varying concentrations and types of acids to form the base reagent. This was then reacted with aldehydes diluted in acetonitrile, for a range of times, and reagent mixtures were applied to HPLC columns for separation of product hydrazones, unreacted DNPH, and unreacted aldehyde (if any); this procedure also detected any side products generated. Peaks were detected by diode array detection and quantitated by comparison peak areas to standard curves generated from each aldehyde. Conditions under which saturated and unsaturated aldehydes reacted to completion, within 20 minutes, with minimal generation of hydrazone isomers and no carbonyl condensation products were identified as pH 2.52 with a molar ratio of 2.5:1 2,4-DNPH:Carbonyl. Reactions were incomplete at higher pH and were less efficient at lower pH. Reaction slopes for the various aldehydes were within 10% variation of each other in contrast to previous observations of large differences with aldehyde structure.  Reaction variability was less than 2%, and limits of detection and quantification were <50 micrograms/L. Formic acid gave results comparable to those of HCl as acidifying reagent. 3,5-Diaminobenzoic acid (DABA) was unable to provide an alternate proton source without lowering pH. A variety of HPLC columns tested - Ultra C18 with 2.1 mm internal diameter, pentafluorophenyl, and aqueous C18 - were unable to improve resolution of critical pairs of hydrazones.
Assessment of Malaria Case Detection and Management with Artemisinin Based Combination Therapy in Amoyo-Ifelodun, Lga, Kwara State, Nigeria
Creators: name: S.E.Busayo
name: S.S.Phiri
name: G.O.Olatunji
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2024

description: BACKGROUND: Malaria is still a major global health problem and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa.

OBJECTIVE: To assess malaria case detection and management with Artemisinin Based Combination Therapy in Amoyo-Ifelodun, Local Government Area, Kwara State, Nigeria

METHODS: This study combined both quantitative and qualitative methods. Structured questionnaire was administered to 127 respondents to determine the frequency and pattern of use of artemether-lumefantrine in the management of malaria.

RESULTS: Out of the 127 respondents, 121 (95.3%) perceived malaria as the most frequently detected disease in the area, and 95 (74.8%) only diagnosed malaria using the presenting symptoms. Similarly, 115 (90.6%) affirmed that there is laboratory in the area and 118 (92.9%) pointed that RDT is one of the best options to diagnose malaria. Majority (94.5%) of the respondents agreed that RDT has a good success rate.

CONCLUSION: Based on the findings of this study, a number of conclusions were made such as: there is no relationship between socio-demographic parameters and malaria case detection (malaria test outcome), there is no relationship between malaria case detection and management versus malaria test outcome and also, there is relationship between malaria case detection and management with ACT. Thus, there is the need for a strong collaboration among major stakeholders including the Government and Non- Governmental Organizations to sensitize the communities on Malaria as a disease as well as developing the holistic and effective methods for the prevention and control of the disease.
Variational Hamiltonian simulation for translational invariant systems via classical pre-processing
Creators: name: Mansuroglu, Refik
name: Eckstein, Timo
name: Nützel, Ludwig
name: Wilkinson, Samuel A.
name: Hartmann, Michael J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The simulation of time evolution of large quantum systems is a classically challenging and in general intractable task, making it a promising application for quantum computation. A Trotter-Suzuki approximation yields an implementation thereof, where a higher approximation accuracy can be traded for an increased gate count. In this work, we introduce a variational algorithm which uses solutions of classical optimizations to predict efficient quantum circuits for time evolution of translationally invariant quantum systems. Our strategy can improve upon the Trotter-Suzuki accuracy by several orders of magnitude. It translates into a reduction in gate count and hence gain in overall fidelity at the same algorithmic accuracy. This is important in NISQ-applications where the fidelity of the output state decays exponentially with the number of gates. The performance advantage of our classical assisted strategy can be extended to open boundaries with translational symmetry in the bulk. We can extrapolate our method to beyond classically simulatable system sizes, maintaining its total fidelity advantage over a Trotter-Suzuki approximation making it an interesting candidate for beyond classical time evolution.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures, v5: small changes in the text, version essentially identical to the one published in QST
Searching for radio pulsation from SGR 1935+2154 with the Parkes Ultra-Wideband Low receiver
Creators: name: Tang, Zhenfan
name: Zhang, Songbo
name: Dai, Shi
name: Li, Ye
name: Wu, Xuefeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetars have been proposed to be the origin of FRBs soon after its initial discovery. The detection of the first Galactic FRB 20200428 from SGR 1935+2154 has made this hypothesis more convincing. In October 2020, this source was supposed to be in an extremely active state again. We then carried out a 1.6-hours follow-up observation of SGR 1935+2154 using the new ultra-wideband low (UWL) receiver of the Parkes 64\,m radio telescope covering a frequency range of 704$-$4032 MHz. However, no convincing signal was detected in either of our single pulse or periodicity searches. We obtained a limit on the flux density of periodic signal of $\rm 3.6\,μJy$ using the full 3.3GHz bandwidth data sets, which is the strictest limit for that of SGR 1935+2154. Our full bandwidth limit on the single pulses fluence is 35mJy ms, which is well below the brightest single pulses detected by the FAST radio telescope just two before our observation. Assuming that SGR 1935+2154 is active during our observation, our results suggest that its radio bursts are either intrinsically narrowband or show a steep spectrum.
Inorganic polymers made directly from minerals
Creators: name: Kazancioglu, Monika
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2018

description: This work seeks to develop the scientific knowledge by which conventional organic polymers can be replaced with their inorganic counterparts. It is aimed to synthesize silicate-based inorganic polymers directly from minerals, such as silica, which are readily available in nature (e.g., sands and rocks). Inorganic polymers decrease the dependence on crude oil and promise chemically more stable compounds than organic polymers. Having silicate as the backbone, the need for recycling is eliminated and the new materials are likely to be non-flammable and non-toxic. Specifically, we are developing a new class of polymers in which the backbone is comprised of ionic (primary) and secondary bonds. The high processing temperature of silica is first decreased via addition of metal ions (from a modifier, such as strontium oxide, rubidium oxide, calcium oxide, or potassium oxide) that serve to reduce the interchain bond strength, hence lowering the glass transition temperature (Tg); and providing additional free volume for the subsequent insertion of new moieties (i.e., ionic liquid). During this process, highly crosslinked structure can be converted to one-dimensional and two-dimensional structures commonly seen for organic polymers. Subsequently, addition of ionic liquid allows “plasticization” of silicate glass, and results in further reduction in bond strength and Tg; materials behave as polymers. Results show that Tg of modified silicate glass can be decreased from 410 C to 155 C by addition of ionic liquid; i.e., by plasticization with ionic liquid. The properties and reaction mechanism of synthesized inorganic polymers are investigated by various characterization methods, such as DSC, FTIR, XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM, in addition to mechanical testing.
Agrypnus argillaceus subsp. argillaceus
Creators: name: Kotru, Akash
name: Chandran, Nithya
name: Dubey, Anil Kumar
name: Prosvirov, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Elateridae
Agrypnus
Agrypnus argillaceus
Agrypnus argillaceus argillaceus (solsky, 1871)

description: Agrypnus argillaceus argillaceus (Solsky, 1871)
Lacon argillaceus Solsky, 1871: 360.
Lacon cinnamomeus Candèze, 1874: 76.
Archontas argillaceus (Solsky) Fleutiaux, 1947: 280.
Agrypnus argillaceus (Solsky) Hayek, 1973: 127.
Type depository. Lectotype (ZISP)
Type locality. Russia (Primorsky Krai).
Distribution. India: Sikkim. Elsewhere: Russia, North Korea, South Korea, China (Cate, 2007).
Literature. Solsky (1871: 360): original description; Fleutiaux (1918a: 191): synonymization; Fleutiaux (1947: 280): combination; Hayek (1973: 127): combination.
description: Published as part of Kotru, Akash, Chandran, Nithya, Dubey, Anil Kumar & Prosvirov, Alexander S., 2025, A catalogue of Indian Agrypninae Candèze, 1857 (Coleoptera: Elateridae), pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5614 (1) on page 12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5614.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/15217075
The TOI Solar Analog Spectroscopic Survey (TSASS) I. Solar Depletion Pattern of Refractory Elements Among 17 Analogs
Creators: name: Ji, Chenyang
name: Sun, Qinghui
name: Gan, Tianjun
name: Wang, Sharon Xuesong
name: Lin, Zitao
name: Bedell, Megan
name: Haining, Li
name: Liu, Fan
name: Ting, Yuan-sen
name: Brewer, John M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: High-resolution spectroscopy has revealed that the Sun is depleted in refractory elements compared to other nearby solar analogs, and the existence or ingestion of planets are believed to leave such chemical imprints on their host stars. Previous works have quantified this solar chemical anomaly by defining a slope in abundance [X/H] as a function of condensation temperature, known as the Tc trend (Meléndez et al. 2009, Bedell et al. 2018). Various scenarios have been proposed to explain its nature, including solids locked up by terrestrial planets (Chambers 2010), trapping of dust by giants (Booth & Owen 2020) and planet engulfment (Oh et al. 2018). The TOI Solar Analog Spectroscopic Survey will follow up ~80 TOIs that host known planetsor candidates using high-quality spectra taken by Magellan MIKE and EXPRES on Lowell Discovery Telescope. We will identify alternative indicators aside from the Tc trend to explore links (or lack of) between planet existence and chemical abundancesof host stars.
Cross-hospital Sepsis Early Detection via Semi-supervised Optimal Transport with Self-paced Ensemble
Creators: name: Ding, Ruiqing
name: Zhou, Yu
name: Xu, Jie
name: Xie, Yan
name: Liang, Qiqiang
name: Ren, He
name: Wang, Yixuan
name: Chen, Yanlin
name: Wang, Leye
name: Huang, Man
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Leveraging machine learning techniques for Sepsis early detection and diagnosis has attracted increasing interest in recent years. However, most existing methods require a large amount of labeled training data, which may not be available for a target hospital that deploys a new Sepsis detection system. More seriously, as treated patients are diversified between hospitals, directly applying a model trained on other hospitals may not achieve good performance for the target hospital. To address this issue, we propose a novel semi-supervised transfer learning framework based on optimal transport theory and self-paced ensemble for Sepsis early detection, called SPSSOT, which can efficiently transfer knowledge from the source hospital (with rich labeled data) to the target hospital (with scarce labeled data). Specifically, SPSSOT incorporates a new optimal transport-based semi-supervised domain adaptation component that can effectively exploit all the unlabeled data in the target hospital. Moreover, self-paced ensemble is adapted in SPSSOT to alleviate the class imbalance issue during transfer learning. In a nutshell, SPSSOT is an end-to-end transfer learning method that automatically selects suitable samples from two domains (hospitals) respectively and aligns their feature spaces. Extensive experiments on two open clinical datasets, MIMIC-III and Challenge, demonstrate that SPSSOT outperforms state-of-the-art transfer learning methods by improving 1-3% of AUC.
description: Accepted by the IEEE Journal of Biomedical and Health Informatics (J-BHI)
Bent Radio Jets Reveal a Stripped Interstellar Medium in NGC 1272
Creators: name: McBride, James
name: McCourt, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of bent double jets in the elliptical galaxy NGC 1272, a member of the Perseus cluster. The jets have a radius of curvature of ~2 kpc, much smaller than the galaxy half-light radius of ~11 kpc. This bending is likely a result of ram pressure, and indicates that the intracluster gas enters deep within the galaxy and that the interstellar medium of NGC 1272 has been significantly removed. X-ray observations of the surrounding intracluster medium allow us to constrain the pressure within the jet. We find that the standard assumptions of equipartition often used in interpreting other jets underestimate the pressure in the jets by a factor ~30.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Factor Graphs for Heterogeneous Bayesian Decentralized Data Fusion
Creators: name: Dagan, Ofer
name: Ahmed, Nisar R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper explores the use of factor graphs as an inference and analysis tool for Bayesian peer-to-peer decentralized data fusion. We propose a framework by which agents can each use local factor graphs to represent relevant partitions of a complex global joint probability distribution, thus allowing them to avoid reasoning over the entirety of a more complex model and saving communication as well as computation cost. This allows heterogeneous multi-robot systems to cooperate on a variety of real world, task oriented missions, where scalability and modularity are key. To develop the initial theory and analyze the limits of this approach, we focus our attention on static linear Gaussian systems in tree-structured networks and use Channel Filters (also represented by factor graphs) to explicitly track common information. We discuss how this representation can be used to describe various multi-robot applications and to design and analyze new heterogeneous data fusion algorithms. We validate our method in simulations of a multi-agent multi-target tracking and cooperative multi-agent mapping problems, and discuss the computation and communication gains of this approach.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, submitted to the 24th International Conference on Information Fusion
Synergistic effect of workfunction and acoustic impedance mismatch for improved thermoelectric performance in GeTe/WC composite
Creators: name: Kumar, Ashutosh
name: Bhumla, Preeti
name: Kosonowski, Artur
name: Wolski, Karol
name: Zapotoczny, Szczepan
name: Bhattacharya, Saswata
name: Wojciechowski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The preparation of composite materials is promising for concurrent optimization of electrical and thermal transport properties to realize an improved thermoelectric (TE) performance. We report the effect of work function and acoustic impedance mismatch (AIM) on the TE properties of (1-z)Ge0.87Mn0.05Sb0.08Te/(z)WC composite. In particular, a composite consisting of Mn and Sb co-doped GeTe as a matrix and WC as a dispersed phase is prepared, and its structural and TE properties are investigated. The simultaneous increase in electrical conductivity (σ) and Seebeck coefficient (α) with WC volume fraction (z) results in an enhanced power factor (α^2σ) in the composite. The rise in σ is attributed to increased carrier mobility in the composite. This is further established from the work function measurement using the Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) technique and is also supported by the density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The difference in elastic properties (sound velocity) between Ge0.87Mn0.05Sb0.08Te and WC results in a high AIM that leads to a large interface thermal resistance (Rint) between the phases. The correlation between Rint and the Kapitza radius results in reduced phonon thermal conductivity (κ_ph) of the composite and is discussed using the Bruggeman asymmetrical model. The decrease in κ_{ph} is further established using phonon dispersion calculations that indicates the decrease in phonon group velocity in the composite. The simultaneous effect of enhanced α^2σ and reduced κ_ph results in a maximum figure of merit (zT) of 1.93 at 773K for (1-z)Ge0.87Mn0.05Sb0.08Te/(z)WC composite having z=0.010. This study shows promise to achieve higher zTav across a wide range of composite materials having similar electronic structure and different elastic properties.
description: 23 Pages, 9 Figures, 1 Table
Demonstration of quantum correlations that are incompatible with absoluteness of measurement
Creators: name: Sarkar, Shubhayan
name: Saha, Debashis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploiting the tension between the two dynamics of quantum theory (QT) in the Wigner's Friend thought experiment, we point out that the standard QT leads to inconsistency in observed probabilities of measurement outcomes between two super-observers - Wigner and his Student. To avoid such inconsistent predictions of QT, we hypothesize two distinct perspectives. The first one is "Absoluteness of measurement (AoM)," that is, any measurement process is an absolute event irrespective of other observers and yields a single outcome. The other is "Non-absoluteness of measurement (NoM)" as the negation of AoM. We introduce an operational approach, first with one friend and then with two spatially separated friends, to test the validity of these two perceptions in quantum theory without assuming the details of the experiment. First, we show that the set of probabilities obtainable for NoM is strictly larger than the set obtainable for AoM. We provide the simplest scenario so far, involving a single quantum preparation and one unitary operation by a super-observer that can demonstrate correlations incompatible with AoM. Remarkably, in the scenario with spatially separated observers, we present a strict hierarchy among the sets of probabilities observed in the following three theories: classical or local realist, quantum theory with AoM, and quantum theory with NoM.
description: 15 pages
CorPITA: An Automated Algorithm for the Identification and Analysis of Coronal "EIT Waves"
Creators: name: Long, David M.
name: Bloomfield, D. Shaun
name: Gallagher, Peter T.
name: Pérez-Suárez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The continuous stream of data available from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) telescopes onboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) spacecraft has allowed a deeper understanding of the Sun. However, the sheer volume of data has necessitated the development of automated techniques to identify and analyse various phenomena. In this article, we describe the Coronal Pulse Identification and Tracking Algorithm (CorPITA) for the identification and analysis of coronal "EIT waves". CorPITA uses an intensity-profile technique to identify the propagating pulse, tracking it throughout its evolution before returning estimates of its kinematics. The algorithm is applied here to a data-set from February 2011, allowing its capabilities to be examined and critiqued. This algorithm forms part of the SDO Feature Finding Team initiative and will be implemented as part of the Heliophysics Event Knowledgebase (HEK). This is the first fully automated algorithm to identify and track the propagating "EIT wave" rather than any associated phenomena and will allow a deeper understanding of this controversial phenomenon.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
Token-Level Supervised Contrastive Learning for Punctuation Restoration
Creators: name: Huang, Qiushi
name: Ko, Tom
name: Tang, H Lilian
name: Liu, Xubo
name: Wu, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Punctuation is critical in understanding natural language text. Currently, most automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems do not generate punctuation, which affects the performance of downstream tasks, such as intent detection and slot filling. This gives rise to the need for punctuation restoration. Recent work in punctuation restoration heavily utilizes pre-trained language models without considering data imbalance when predicting punctuation classes. In this work, we address this problem by proposing a token-level supervised contrastive learning method that aims at maximizing the distance of representation of different punctuation marks in the embedding space. The result shows that training with token-level supervised contrastive learning obtains up to 3.2% absolute F1 improvement on the test set.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Accepted by INTERSPEECH 2021
Inventions on dialog boxes used in GUI
Creators: name: Mishra, Umakant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The dialog boxes are useful in case of displaying warnings, errors, confirmations etc. in special situations. A typical dialog box is displayed in a small window with some text message along with a few options for the user to select. However, there are certain difficulties associated in programming and implementing a conventional dialog box, such as, severe programming effort, rigidity of the hard coded message, obscuring screen space and so on. There is a need to overcome these difficulties of the dialog box to make them more efficient and useful. The modality of the dialog boxes also creates some limitations. While modal dialog boxes needs to be closed explicitly by the user, modeless dialog boxes can grow in number and become difficult to control. Thus, an ideal dialog box should be deprived of all the above-mentioned drawbacks. The dialog box should not obscure the screen. The user should be able open multiple dialog boxes but without obscuring the screen. This article analyses 5 interesting inventions on dialog boxes selected from US Patent database. Each invention tries to overcome some limitations of a conventional dialog box and provides some innovative features. Each solution is also analyzed from a TRIZ perspective.
description: Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=949247. Mishra, Umakant, Inventions on Dialog Boxes Used in GUI, (December 6, 2006)
Opening Band Gap without Breaking Lattice Symmetry: A New Route toward Robust Graphene-Based Nanoelectronics
Creators: name: Kou, Liangzhi
name: Hu, Feiming
name: Yan, Binghai
name: Frauenheim, Thomas
name: Chen, Changfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developing graphene-based nanoelectronics hinges on opening a band gap in the electronic structure of graphene, which is commonly achieved by breaking the inversion symmetry of the graphene lattice via an electric field (gate bias) or asymmetric doping of graphene layers. Here we introduce a new design strategy that places a bilayer graphene sheet sandwiched between two cladding layers of materials that possess strong spin-orbit coupling (e.g., Bi2Te3). Our ab initio and tight-binding calculations show that proximity enhanced spin-orbit coupling effect opens a large (44 meV) band gap in bilayer graphene without breaking its lattice symmetry, and the band gap can be effectively tuned by interlayer stacking pattern and significantly enhanced by interlayer compression. The feasibility of this quantum-well structure is demonstrated by recent experimental realization of high-quality heterojunctions between graphene and Bi2Te3, and this design also conforms to existing fabrication techniques in the semiconductor industry. The proposed quantum-well structure is expected to be especially robust since it does not require an external power supply to open and maintain a band gap, and the cladding layers provide protection against environmental degradation of the graphene layer in its device applications.
Temperature and Face Dependent Copper-Graphene Interactions
Creators: name: Costa, Sara D.
name: Weis, Johan Ek
name: Frank, Otakar
name: Kalbac, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interaction between graphene and metals represents an important issue for the large-area preparation of graphene, graphene transfer and the contact quality in graphene devices. We demonstrate a simple method for estimating and manipulating the level of interaction between graphene and copper single crystals through heat treatment, at temperatures from 298K to 1073K. We performed an in-situ Raman spectroscopy showing Cu face-specific behavior of the overlying graphene during the heat treatment. On Cu(111) the interaction is consistent with theoretical predictions and remains stable, whereas on Cu(100) and Cu(110), the initially very weak interaction and charge transfer can be tuned by heating. Our results also suggest that graphene grown on Cu(100) and Cu(110) is detached from the copper substrate, thereby possibly enabling an easier graphene transfer process as compared to Cu (111).
Identifiability of Covariance Kernels in the Gaussian Process Regression Model
Creators: name: Kim, Jaehoan
name: Lee, Jaeyong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gaussian process regression (GPR) model is a popular nonparametric regression model. In GPR, features of the regression function such as varying degrees of smoothness and periodicities are modeled through combining various covarinace kernels, which are supposed to model certain effects. The covariance kernels have unknown parameters which are estimated by the EM-algorithm or Markov Chain Monte Carlo. The estimated parameters are keys to the inference of the features of the regression functions, but identifiability of these parameters has not been investigated. In this paper, we prove identifiability of covariance kernel parameters in two radial basis mixed kernel GPR and radial basis and periodic mixed kernel GPR. We also provide some examples about non-identifiable cases in such mixed kernel GPRs.
description: 20 pages, 0 figures
Inventions on Tree Navigators used in Graphical User Interface
Creators: name: Mishra, Umakant
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A tree view or tree navigator is used to display hierarchical data organized in the form of a tree. In a tree structure there are parent and child nodes. The child nodes may further have descendants to n levels. There are many methods to make the navigation easy. Some of these are expanding and collapsing branches, splitting the tree, displaying a parent node in a separate tree, zooming branches, scrolling in various directions etc. It is still a difficult exercise to handle large trees efficiently. The effort still continues to manage large number of nodes with faster speed, greater control, user friendliness and aesthetics. This article illustrates five inventions on tree navigators selected from US patent database. Each of them tries to solve various problems relating to the tree navigator in different ways. Each invention is also analyzed from a TRIZ perspective.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. Umakant Mishra, Inventions on Tree Navigators Used in Graphical User Interface. (December 6, 2006), Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=949244
Mild Stochastic Sewing Lemma, SPDE in Random Environment, and Fractional Averaging
Creators: name: Li, Xue-Mei
name: Sieber, Julian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G22, 60H10, 37A25

description: Our first result is a stochastic sewing lemma with quantitative estimates for mild incremental processes, with which we study SPDEs driven by fractional Brownian motions in a random environment. We obtain uniform $L^p$-bounds. Our second result is a fractional averaging principle admitting non-stationary fast environments. As an application, we prove a fractional averaging principle for SPDEs.
description: To appear in Stochastics and Dynamics; 38 pages
Emo-DNA: Emotion Decoupling and Alignment Learning for Cross-Corpus Speech Emotion Recognition
Creators: name: Ye, Jiaxin
name: Wei, Yujie
name: Wen, Xin-Cheng
name: Ma, Chenglong
name: Huang, Zhizhong
name: Liu, Kunhong
name: Shan, Hongming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Cross-corpus speech emotion recognition (SER) seeks to generalize the ability of inferring speech emotion from a well-labeled corpus to an unlabeled one, which is a rather challenging task due to the significant discrepancy between two corpora. Existing methods, typically based on unsupervised domain adaptation (UDA), struggle to learn corpus-invariant features by global distribution alignment, but unfortunately, the resulting features are mixed with corpus-specific features or not class-discriminative. To tackle these challenges, we propose a novel Emotion Decoupling aNd Alignment learning framework (EMO-DNA) for cross-corpus SER, a novel UDA method to learn emotion-relevant corpus-invariant features. The novelties of EMO-DNA are two-fold: contrastive emotion decoupling and dual-level emotion alignment. On one hand, our contrastive emotion decoupling achieves decoupling learning via a contrastive decoupling loss to strengthen the separability of emotion-relevant features from corpus-specific ones. On the other hand, our dual-level emotion alignment introduces an adaptive threshold pseudo-labeling to select confident target samples for class-level alignment, and performs corpus-level alignment to jointly guide model for learning class-discriminative corpus-invariant features across corpora. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the superior performance of EMO-DNA over the state-of-the-art methods in several cross-corpus scenarios. Source code is available at https://github.com/Jiaxin-Ye/Emo-DNA.
description: Accepted by ACM MM 2023
Fierz bilinear formulation of the Maxwell-Dirac equations and symmetry reductions
Creators: name: Inglis, Shaun
name: Jarvis, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Maxwell-Dirac equations in a manifestly gauge invariant presentation using only the spinor bilinear scalar and pseudoscalar densities, and the vector and pseudovector currents, together with their quadratic Fierz relations. The internally produced vector potential is expressed via algebraic manipulation of the Dirac equation, as a rational function of the Fierz bilinears and first derivatives (valid on the support of the scalar density), which allows a gauge invariant vector potential to be defined. This leads to a Fierz bilinear formulation of the Maxwell tensor and of the Maxwell-Dirac equations, without any reference to gauge dependent quantities. We show how demanding invariance of tensor fields under the action of a fixed (but arbitrary) Lie subgroup of the Poincaré group leads to symmetry reduced equations. The procedure is illustrated, and the reduced equations worked out explicitly for standard spherical and cylindrical cases, which are coupled third order nonlinear PDEs. Spherical symmetry necessitates the existence of magnetic monopoles, which do not affect the coupled Maxwell-Dirac system due to magnetic terms canceling. In this paper we do not take up numerical computations. As a demonstration of the power of our approach, we also work out the symmetry reduced equations for two distinct classes of dimension 4 one-parameter families of Poincaré subgroups, one splitting and one non-splitting. The splitting class yields no solutions, whereas for the non-splitting class we find a family of formal exact solutions in closed form.
A construction of maximally recoverable codes
Creators: name: Barg, Alexander
name: Chen, Zitan
name: Tamo, Itzhak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a family of linear maximally recoverable codes with locality $r$ and dimension $r+1.$ For codes of length $n$ with $r\approx n^α, 0\leα\le 1$ the code alphabet is of the order $n^{1+3α},$ which improves upon the previously known constructions of maximally recoverable codes.
Monitoring Three-Dimensional Packings in Microgravity
Creators: name: Yu, Peidong
name: Frank-Richter, Stefan
name: Borngen, Alexander
name: Sperl, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results from experiments with granular packings in three dimensions in microgravity as realized on parabolic flights. Two different techniques are employed to monitor the inside of the packings during compaction: (1) X-ray radiography is used to measure in transmission the integrated fluctuations of particle positions. (2) Stress-birefringence in three dimensions is applied to visualize the stresses inside the packing. The particle motions below the transition into an arrested packing are found to produce a well agitated state. At the transition, the particles lose their energy quite rapidly and form a stress network. With both methods, non-arrested particles (rattlers) can be identified. In particular, it is found that rattlers inside the arrested packing can be excited to appreciable dynamics by the rest-accelerations (g-jitter) during a parabolic flight without destroying the packings. At low rates of compaction, a regime of slow granular cooling is identified. The slow cooling extends over several seconds, is described well by a linear law, and terminates in a rapid final collapse of dynamics before complete arrest of the packing.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures