cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Semi-empirical analysis of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies: II. The bimodality of the galaxy population revisited
Creators: name: Mateus, Abilio
name: Sodre, Laerte
name: Fernandes, Roberto Cid
name: Stasinska, Grazyna
name: Schoenell, William
name: Gomes, Jean M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the bimodal distribution of the galaxy population commonly seen in the local universe. Here we address the bimodality observed in galaxy properties in terms of spectral synthesis products, such as mean stellar ages and stellar masses, derived from the application of this powerful method to a volume-limited sample, with magnitude limit cutoff M_r = -20.5, containing about 50 thousand luminous galaxies from the SDSS Data Release 2. In addition, galaxies are classified according to their emission line properties in three distinct spectral classes: star-forming galaxies, with young stellar populations; passive galaxies, dominated by old stellar populations; and, hosts of active nuclei, which comprise a mix of young and old stellar populations. We show that the extremes of the distribution of some galaxy properties, essentially galaxy colours, 4000 A break index, and mean stellar ages, are associated to star-forming galaxies at one side, and passive galaxies at another. We find that the mean light-weighted stellar age of galaxies is the direct responsible for the bimodality seen in the galaxy population. The stellar mass, in this view, has an additional role since most of the star-forming galaxies present in the local universe are low-mass galaxies. Our results also give support to the existence of a 'downsizing' in galaxy formation, where massive galaxies seen nowadays have stellar populations formed at early times.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Competition Between China and the United States in the Korean Food Market
Creators: name: Kim, Hanho
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Kim, Jae-Kyung
name: Kim, Hanho
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Kim, Jae-Kyung
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Korea, a large net-food importing country, is rapidly opening its doors to agricultural trade. In this study, we investigate the nature and extent of competition between two major exporters, China and the United States, to the Korean food market. We first employ the un-centered correlation distance approach to investigate the similarities in the export structures of major exporters to the Korean market. Results show that the United States, traditionally a large food exporter to Korea, is facing serious competition from Chinese exports. The similar export structures of China and America have made the latter vulnerable to competition. Furthermore, the geographic proximity of China to Korean markets confers the former two-fold advantages: similar food products and varieties, and lower transport costs. Secondly, the concept of competitive threat is used to determine which exporter faces threats from which competitor. We show that China poses a threat to the United States in virtually every agricultural product exported to Korea. The complexity of trade patterns and competition is likely to increase given the impending Korea-United States Free Trade Agreement and the ongoing negotiations for a Korea-China Free Trade Agreement.
Q-instantons
Creators: name: Bergshoeff, E. A.
name: Hartong, J.
name: Ploegh, A.
name: Sorokin, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the half-supersymmetric instanton solutions that are electric-magnetically dual to the recently discussed half-supersymmetric Q7-branes. We call these instantons `Q-instantons'. Whereas the D-instanton is most conveniently described using the RR axion χand the dilaton ϕ, the Q-instanton is most conveniently described using a different set of fields χ' and T, where χ' is an axionic scalar. The real part of the Q-instanton on-shell action is a function of T and the imaginary part is linear in χ'. Discrete shifts of the axion χ' correspond to PSL(2,Z) transformations that are of finite order. These are e.g. pure S-duality transformations relating weak and strongly coupled regimes. We argue that near each orbifold point of the quantum axion-dilaton moduli space PSL(2,Z)\PSL(2,R)/SO(2) the higher order R^4 terms in the string effective action contain contributions from an infinite sum of single multiply-charged instantons with the Q-instantons corresponding to the orbifold points τ=i,ρwhere τis the complex axion-dilaton field.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure
A retrospective study of baseline peritoneal transport character and left ventricular hypertrophy in incident peritoneal dialysis patients: interrelationship and prognostic impacts
Creators: name: Wang, Yi
name: Huang, Guansen
name: Ma, Xiaoyan
name: Zang, Xiujuan
name: Bai, Shoujun
name: Wang, Yakun
name: Du, Lin
name: Lv, Zexin
name: Li, Jinqing
name: Chen, Hui
name: Hu, Yan
name: Shi, Yingfeng
name: Zhou, Xun
name: Tao, Min
name: Zhuang, Shougang
name: Liu, Na
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Left ventricular hypertrophy is associated with adverse outcomes among peritoneal dialysis patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prognostic impact of baseline left ventricular hypertrophy and its relationship with baseline peritoneal transfer characteristics in peritoneal dialysis patients. We enrolled 151 incident peritoneal dialysis patients to perform a multicentric retrospective cohort study since January 1, 2017 to January 31, 2021. Patients were grouped based on baseline dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio at 4 h as follows: low (<0.50), low average (0.5–0.64), high average (0.65–0.80) and high (≥0.81). Echocardiography and clinic data were recorded yearly. The Cox proportional hazards models and competing risk model were used to evaluate patients’ survival. Generalized linear mixed models were performed to explore risk factors associated with left ventricular hypertrophy. During a median follow-up period of 33 months (range, 16–48 months), 21 (13.9%) patients died, including 16 (10.60%) cardiovascular deaths. Controlling the competing risks of switching to hemodialysis, kidney transplantation and loss to follow-up, baseline left ventricular hypertrophy was an independent risk factor for all-cause mortality (subdistribution hazard ratio, 2.645; 95% confidence interval, 1.156–6.056; p = 0.021). Baseline high and high average transport status were positively related to left ventricular mass index and left atrium diameter 2 years after PD initiation. Baseline fast peritoneal solute transport rate may be an effect factor for aggravating left ventricular hypertrophy which predicted poor outcomes for peritoneal dialysis patients. The findings offered important ideas for further prospective intervention study.
Heavy-Quark Probes of the Quark-Gluon Plasma at RHIC
Creators: name: van Hees, Hendrik
name: Greco, Vincenzo
name: Rapp, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermalization and collective flow of charm (c) and bottom (b) quarks in ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions are evaluated based on elastic parton rescattering in an expanding quark-gluon plasma (QGP). We show that resonant interactions in a strongly interacting QGP (sQGP), as well as the effects of parton coalescence, can play an essential role in the interpretation of recent data from the Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC), and thus illuminate the nature of the sQGP and its hadronization. Our main assumption, motivated by recent findings in lattice computations of Quantum Chromodynamics, is the existence of D- and B-meson states in the sQGP, providing resonant cross sections for heavy quarks up to temperatures of sim 2 T_c. Pertinent drag and diffusion coefficients are implemented into a relativistic Langevin simulation to compute transverse-momentum spectra and azimuthal asymmetries (v_2) of b- and c-quarks in Au-Au collisions at RHIC. Hadronization into D- and B-mesons is calculated from a combination of coalescence with light quarks and fragmentation, and associated electron-decay spectra and v_2 are compared to recent RHIC data. We also comment on the relative importance of radiative and elastic energy loss of heavy quarks in the QGP.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, v2: 1 reference updated, v3: replaced comparison to data to more recent data, references added, contents unchanged
A HYPERBOLIC TANGENT YIELD FUNCTION OF FLORIDA CITRUS
Creators: name: Cheng, Lan
name: Moss, Charles B.
name: Cheng, Lan
name: Moss, Charles B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: yield function
subject: citrus
subject: hyperbolic tangent
subject: insurance
subject: spatial autoregressive

description: This study models Florida citrus production as a function of the age profile of a given tree stock. The age relationship is estimated using a modified hyperbolic tangent function and the parameters is solved by Spatial Process Models and Maximum Likelihood approach. The estimation is based on the production data of four citrus varieties in 25 regions of Florida from 1992 to 2005. The results show smooth 'S'-shaped yield curves of Florida citrus. This analysis offers yield function of citrus as the first step for statistical modeling of the risks associated with citrus cancers aimed at pricing insurance rates.
On the paths of steepest descent for the norm of a one variable complex polynomial
Creators: name: Roy, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15

description: We consider paths of steepest descent, in the complex plane, for the norm of a non-constant one variable polynomial $f$. We show that such paths, starting from a zero of the logarithmic derivative of $f$ and ending in a root of $f$, draw a tree in the complex plane, and we give an upper bound estimate on their lengths. In some cases, we obtain a finer estimate that depends only on the set of roots of $f$, not on their multiplicity, and we wonder if this can be done in general. We also extend this question to finite Blaschke products for the unit disk.
description: Several typos corrected, addition of a section on Blaschke products, 7 pages, 2 figures
title: Woven Narratives
Creators: name: Fluevog, Britta
Publisher: name: Emily Carr University of Art and Design
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Weaving
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85145868
subject: Textile art
valueUri: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300386843
subject: Activists
valueUri: http://vocab.getty.edu/page/aat/300025826
subject: Art and society
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85007975
subject: Social change
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85123918
subject: Social Justice
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85123969

description: My body of work for my thesis brings together a strong aesthetic and material based practice into the realm of social justice. Through cultural context, artistic and theoretical references, my driving motivations in art practice are discussed. I use weaving, ceramics, performativity and process as manifestations to expand the discourses of textile and political art. Organic shapes, texture, and a plethora of details in the work allow meandering investigations by the viewer and create art that continually changes. Touch, texture and the handmade are explored in relationship to the maker and the performativity of making. Local, industrial, and indigenous materials are explored in relationship to their places of origin and the connotations they carry. The textile-orientated works of contemporary artists such as Sascha Reichstein, Sara Rahbar and Lisa Anne Auerbach, which are politically radical, influence my practice. Through the lens of social justice and intersectionality, my work investigates borders, refugees, globalism and colonization in relation to textiles and makers. I use the relationship of textiles to social justice and activism to create a working method in which to start my material explorations. The act of making alone can provide a powerful statement that has the ability to reframe the way we view and act within our world. The body is used to forefront the human element around issues of injustices. Females are picked both for the relationship to textiles and because of their marginal position within intersections of race, gender, class, citizenship and culture.
PUBLIC BASIC RESEARCH AND DIFFUSION OF RESEARCH BENEFITS
Creators: name: Malla, Stavroula
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Malla, Stavroula
name: Gray, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Pricing
subject: intellectual property
subject: downstream effects
subject: basic research
subject: monopolistic competition
subject: rent dissipation
subject: toll goods

description: The paper examine the economic impact of pricing and access to basic research IP. The analysis uses a Sallop circle model of a monopolistically competitive industry to examine the applied research output and firm entry. Under plausible conditions basic research IP spillovers will create rents for the applied research sector, which are dissipated through socially excess firm entry. Charging a price or restricting access to basic research IP could enhance social welfare.
Early-Time Chromatic Variations in the Wind-Swept Medium of GRB 021211 and the Faintness of its Afterglow
Creators: name: Nysewander, M. C.
name: Reichart, D. E.
name: Park, H. -S.
name: Williams, G. G.
name: Kinugasa, K.
name: Lamb, D. Q.
name: Henden, A. A.
name: Klose, S.
name: Kato, T.
name: Harper, A.
name: Yamaoka, H.
name: Laws, C.
name: Torii, K.
name: York, D. G.
name: Barentine, J. C.
name: Dembicky, J.
name: McMillan, R. J.
name: Moran, J. A.
name: Hartmann, D. H.
name: Ketzeback, B.
name: Bayliss, M. B.
name: Bartelme, J. W.
name: Crain, J. A.
name: Foster, A. C.
name: Schwartz, M.
name: Holvorcem, P.
name: Price, P. A.
name: Canterna, R.
name: Crew, G. B.
name: Ricker, G. R.
name: Barthelmy, S. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Follow-Up Network for Gamma-Ray Bursts (FUN GRB) Collaboration observations of the optical afterglow of GRB 021211 made between 143 seconds and 102 days after the burst. Our unique data set includes the earliest filtered detections and color information for an afterglow in the pre-Swift era. We find that the afterglow is best described by (1) propagation through a wind-swept medium, (2) a cooling break that is blueward of the observed optical frequencies, and (3) a hard electron energy distribution. However, superimposed on this "standard model" behavior we find significant chromatic variations within the first few hours after the burst. We consider possible reasons for these variations, including the possibility that they are due to a dust echo. Finally, we constrain physical parameters that describe the afterglow and surrounding medium for a variety of scenarios and find that GRB 021211's afterglow is faint for a combination of 3-4 reasons: (1) a low fraction of energy in relativistic electrons, (2) a low density for the wind-swept medium, implying either a low mass-loss rate and/or a high wind velocity for the progenitor, (3) a wide opening/viewing angle for the jet, and possibly (4) moderate source frame extinction. The jet appears to be significantly far from equipartition and magnetically dominated. More extreme versions of this might explain the darkness of many afterglows in the Swift era.
description: Accepted to The Astrophysical Journal, 30 pages, 5 Figures, LaTeX
Negative anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody status at three months predicts remission in primary membranous nephropathy
Creators: name: Stefan, Gabriel
name: Stancu, Simona
name: Zugravu, Adrian
name: Popa, Otilia
name: Zubidat, Dalia
name: Petre, Nicoleta
name: Mircescu, Gabriel
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology

description: The value of anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody (anti-PLA2R ab) monitoring at 3 months after diagnosis in membranous nephropathy (MN) remains uncertain. We retrospectively examined the outcome on 1 August 2020 of 59 adult patients (age 54 (44, 68) years, 69% male, SCr 1.0 (0.9, 1.3) mg/dL) diagnosed with MN (kidney biopsy, positive serum anti-PLA2R ab). The outcomes were: kidney survival; partial and/or complete remission. Most of the studied patients (97%) received immunosuppression, cyclophosphamide regimens were the most frequent (87%), followed by cyclosporine (10%). The median time to remission was 12.0 months and the cumulative remission rates were 34% at 6, 54% at 12, and 73% at 24 months. Forty (69%) patients had negative anti-PLA2R ab at 3 months, they had similar age, serum creatinine, albumin, proteinuria, and treatment with the group with positive ab at 3 months. In the Cox proportional hazard model, three months anti-PLA2R ab negativization (HR 0.4 (95%CI 0.1, 0.9)) was an independent predictor for remission, while baseline hypoalbuminemia (HR 3.0 (95%CI 1.5, 5.7)) was associated with absence of remission. Six (10%) patients died, mostly due to cardiovascular disease and infections. A total of five (9%) patients started dialysis. Mean kidney survival time was 50.3 months and there was no survival difference in relation to baseline anti-PLA2R ab titer (p .09) or 3 months negativization (p .8). Three months anti-PLA2R ab negativization seems to be a late predictor of remission, and lower serum albumin at diagnosis is an early marker for remission absence. Abbreviations: anti-P LA2R ab, anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibody; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; ESKD, end stage kidney disease; MN, membranous nephropathy; NELL-1, neural epidermal growth factor-like 1 protein; RAAS: renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system; RBC: red blood cells; RRT, renal replacement therapy; T HSD7A, thrombospondin type-1 domain containing 7A
title: An intronic COL1A1 Sp1-Polymorphism but not Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms Relates to the Phenotypic Expression of Osteogenesis imperfecta
Creators: name: Trummer, Tatjana
name: Kennerknecht, Ingo
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: This is the first observation of a polymorphism associated with the severity of clinical manifestation in Osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). The results are consistent with a polygenic quantitative trait model in which OI albeit a monogenic autosomal dominant disease can be modified by additional risk factors. In our collection the severe cases of OI are significantly associated with a COL1A1 Sp1 polymorphism, an association initially observed in postmenopausal women with osteoporosis. In both studies a G → T polymorphism in the same Sp1 motif is found rather in the clinically severe cases. As diverse vitamin D receptor (VDR)-polymorphisms are one of the strongest risk factors of osteoporosis this prompted us to examine a putative association in our OI collection. However, we could not find a correlation of the severity of OI with any of the four polymorphisms (BsmI, ApaI, and TaqI RFLPs). We conclude that the COL1A1 Sp1 polymorphism is of high prognostic value in OI individuals homozygous for the T allele.
Obtaining the Neutrino Mixing Matrix with the Tetrahedral Group
Creators: name: Zee, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various "minimalist'' schemes to derive the neutrino mixing matrix using the tetrahedral group $A_{4}.$
Additional file 2 of Non-maintenance intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin induction therapy with eight doses in patients with high- or highest-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective non-randomized comparative study
Creators: name: Miyake, Makito
name: Iida, Kota
name: Nishimura, Nobutaka
name: Miyamoto, Tatsuki
name: Kiyohide Fujimoto
name: Tomida, Ryotaro
name: Matsumoto, Kazumasa
name: Numakura, Kazuyuki
name: Inokuchi, Junichi
name: Morizane, Shuichi
name: Yoneyama, Takahiro
name: Matsumura, Yoshiaki
name: Takashige Abe
name: Inoue, Masaharu
name: Yamada, Takeshi
name: Terada, Naoki
name: Shuya Hirao
name: Motohide Uemura
name: Yuto Matsushita
name: Taoka, Rikiya
name: Kobayashi, Takashi
name: Kojima, Takahiro
name: Matsui, Yoshiyuki
name: Kitamura, Hiroshi
name: Nishiyama, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. Additional file 2: Table S1. Comparison of variables of patients with NMIBC according to the BCG treatment patterns.
Changing Consumer Buying Habits in Developing Countries: A Disaggregate Demand Analysis for Fruits and Vegetables in Vietnam
Creators: name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Weinberger, Katinka
name: Mergenthaler, Marcus
name: Qaim, Matin
name: Weinberger, Katinka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: transformation of food systems
subject: supermarkets
subject: food safety
subject: non-traditional imports
subject: South-East Asia
subject: Vietnam

description: Food systems in developing countries are currently undergoing a rapid transformation, with important implications for local farmers, wholesalers, and retailers. While supply side aspects of this transformation have been analyzed previously, issues of consumer demand have received much less attention. This paper analyzes changing consumption habits for fresh fruits and vegetables in Vietnam, using household survey data and a demand systems approach. Demand for products from modern supply chains - particularly modern retailers and non-traditional imports - is highly income elastic. Also, supermarket expansion impacts on consumer demand. This implies a continued restructuring of the food sector in the further process of economic development.
Identification and Distance Measures of Measurement Apparatus
Creators: name: Ji, Zhengfeng
name: Feng, Yuan
name: Duan, Runyao
name: Ying, Mingsheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose simple schemes that can perfectly identify projective measurement apparatus secretly chosen from a finite set. Entanglements are used in these schemes both to make possible the perfect identification and to improve the efficiency significantly. A brief discussion on the problem of how to appropriately define distance measures of measurements is also provided based on the results of identification.
description: 5 pages, RevTeX, 1 figure. Revised version with more examples and a reorganization of the contents
From NANOGrav to LIGO with metastable cosmic strings
Creators: name: Buchmuller, Wilfried
name: Domcke, Valerie
name: Schmitz, Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We interpret the recent NANOGrav results in terms of a stochastic gravitational wave background from metastable cosmic strings. The observed amplitude of a stochastic signal can be translated into a range for the cosmic string tension and the mass of magnetic monopoles arising in theories of grand unification. In a sizable part of the parameter space, this interpretation predicts a large stochastic gravitational wave signal in the frequency band of ground-based interferometers, which can be probed in the very near future. We confront these results with predictions from successful inflation, leptogenesis and dark matter from the spontaneous breaking of a gauged B-L symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Minor bug in Fig. 1 fixed, results unchanged
Manufactured Solutions for the Method-of-Moments Implementation of the Electric-Field Integral Equation
Creators: name: Freno, Brian A.
name: Matula, Neil R.
name: Johnson, William A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Though the method-of-moments implementation of the electric-field integral equation plays an important role in computational electromagnetics, it provides many code-verification challenges due to the different sources of numerical error. In this paper, we provide an approach through which we can apply the method of manufactured solutions to isolate and verify the solution-discretization error. We accomplish this by manufacturing both the surface current and the Green's function. Because the arising equations are poorly conditioned, we reformulate them as a set of constraints for an optimization problem that selects the solution closest to the manufactured solution. We demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for cases with and without coding errors.
Infinite-Dimensional Programmable Quantum Processors
Creators: name: Gschwendtner, Martina
name: Winter, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A universal programmable quantum processor uses program quantum states to apply an arbitrary quantum channel to an input state. We generalize the concept of a finite-dimensional programmable quantum processor to infinite dimension assuming an energy constraint on the input and output of the target quantum channels. By proving reductions to and from finite-dimensional processors, we obtain upper and lower bounds on the program dimension required to approximately implement energy-limited quantum channels. In particular, we consider the implementation of Gaussian channels. Due to their practical relevance, we investigate the resource requirements for gauge-covariant Gaussian channels. Additionally, we give upper and lower bounds on the program dimension of a processor implementing all Gaussian unitary channels. These lower bounds rely on a direct information-theoretic argument, based on the generalization from finite to infinite dimension of a certain replication lemma for unitaries.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures, published version
AMS - a magnetic spectrometer on the international space station
Creators: name: Arruda, Luísa
name: Pereira, Rui
name: Barão, Fernando
name: Barreira, Gaspar
name: Borges, João
name: Gonçalves, Patrícia
name: Pimenta, Mário
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer (AMS) is a particle detector, designed to search for cosmic antimatter and dark matter and to study the elemental and isotopic composition of primary cosmic rays, that will be installed on the International Space Station (ISS) in 2008 to operate for at least three years. The detector will be equipped with a ring imaging Cherenkov detector (RICH) enabling measurements of particle electric charge and velocity with unprecedented accuracy. Physics prospects and test beam results are shortly presented.
description: 2 pages. Contribution to the 15th Portuguese National Meeting on Astronomy and Astrophysics (Lisbon, Portugal 2005). Presenters: Luisa Arruda, Rui Pereira
Public Preferences for Natural Resources: Evidence from Maine
Creators: name: Bell, Kathleen P.
name: Bell, Kathleen P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper examines public preferences for natural resource lands by exploring over a decade of ballot initiatives related to land management in Maine. Results of each ballot initiative are scrutinized to examine factors that significantly influenced voting outcomes and to compare and contrast outcomes over time, space, and type of proposed land management. Referenda in the sample include broad land conservation measures, calls for changes in forest management practices, and modifications to property tax and assessment of "working" natural resource lands. Results confirm strong spatial patterns in voting behavior in Maine, with higher support for land conservation measures in southern and coastal areas relative to eastern and northern areas. These spatial patterns may reflect variation in the benefits provided and costs imposed by the various land management initiatives. Empirical analysis suggests proximity or access to public goods provided by an initiative increases the likelihood of support. In contrast, proximity to perceived costs decreases the likelihood of support for an initiative.
Emergence of effective temperatures in an out-of-equilibrium model of biopolymer folding
Creators: name: Ancona, Marco
name: Bentivoglio, Alessandro
name: Caraglio, Michele
name: Gonnella, Giuseppe
name: Pelizzola, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of extending the notion of temperature in a stochastic model for the RNA/protein folding driven out of equilibrium. We simulate the dynamics of a small RNA hairpin subject to an external pulling force, which is time-dependent. First, we consider a fluctuation-dissipation relation (FDR) whereby we verify that various effective temperatures can be obtained for different observables, only when the slowest intrinsic relaxation timescale of the system regulates the dynamics of the system. Then, we introduce a different nonequilibrium temperature, which is defined from the rate of heat exchanged with a weakly-interacting thermal bath. Notably, this 'kinetic' temperature can be defined for any frequency of the external switching force. We also discuss and compare the behavior of these two emerging parameters, by discriminating the time-delayed nature of the FDR temperature from the instantaneous character of the kinetic temperature. The validity of our numerics are corroborated by a simple 4-state Markov model which describes the long-time behaviour of the RNA molecule.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
The 2006 Reform of the EU Domestic Policy Regime for Bananas. An Assessment of its Impact on Trade.
Creators: name: Anania, Giovanni
name: Anania, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The paper provides a quantitative assessment of the possible market implications of the December 2006 reform of the EU domestic policy regime for bananas. It is shown that, depending on implementation choices to be made at the member country level, the impact of the domestic policy reform on trade can be of a larger order of magnitude than that of the controversial 'tariff-only' regime the EU introduced earlier in the same year. The simulations presented in this paper show that, ceteris paribus, if France, Portugal and Spain decide to decouple payments to their banana producers EU imports will increase by 13% and MFN exports to the EU by 16%; if they decide for a 2005 Memorandum-like option, EU imports still increase by 9% and MFN exports to the EU by 11%.
The clinical and pathological relevance of waxy casts in urine sediment
Creators: name: Xu, Damin
name: Li, Jingzi
name: Wang, Suxia
name: Tan, Ying
name: Liu, Ying
name: Zhao, Minghui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Although casts in urine may imply the underlying pathogenesis and the diagnosis, the waxy cast is poorly understood yet. We aim to investigate the association between waxy casts and clinicopathological indices. Patients undergone renal biopsy and urine sediment examination were enrolled. Waxy casts referred to those presented with a homogeneous melted wax appearance and pre-waxy casts referred to those in which one or more segments demonstrated a waxy-cast appearance. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the factors associated with waxy casts. In 1282 patients, the detection rate of waxy casts was 26.3%. If either waxy or pre-waxy cast was considered as a diagnostic marker for renal insufficiency (eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73 m2), the sensitivity was 0.58 and the specificity was 0.88. If the only waxy cast was considered as the diagnostic marker, the sensitivity was 0.29 and the specificity was 0.97. The patients with waxy or pre-waxy casts had higher blood pressure, more proteinuria, and worse renal function. Waxy or pre-waxy cast was independently associated with eGFR (odds ratio: 0.73 per 10 mL/min/1.73 m2 increase, 95% confidence interval: 0.69–0.77, p < 0.001), proteinuria (odds ratio: 1.07 per 1 g/day increase, 95% confidence interval: 1.03–1.10, p < 0.001) and pathological lesions. Waxy or pre-waxy casts are closely related to impaired renal function. Their presence is a specific indicator of renal insufficiency but is not sensitive enough.
Additional file 3 of Non-maintenance intravesical Bacillus Calmette–Guérin induction therapy with eight doses in patients with high- or highest-risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a retrospective non-randomized comparative study
Creators: name: Miyake, Makito
name: Iida, Kota
name: Nishimura, Nobutaka
name: Miyamoto, Tatsuki
name: Kiyohide Fujimoto
name: Tomida, Ryotaro
name: Matsumoto, Kazumasa
name: Numakura, Kazuyuki
name: Inokuchi, Junichi
name: Morizane, Shuichi
name: Yoneyama, Takahiro
name: Matsumura, Yoshiaki
name: Takashige Abe
name: Inoue, Masaharu
name: Yamada, Takeshi
name: Terada, Naoki
name: Shuya Hirao
name: Motohide Uemura
name: Yuto Matsushita
name: Taoka, Rikiya
name: Kobayashi, Takashi
name: Kojima, Takahiro
name: Matsui, Yoshiyuki
name: Kitamura, Hiroshi
name: Nishiyama, Hiroyuki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Table S2. Comparison of variables according to patterns of intravesical BCG treatment: before propensity score matching.
Symmetry properties of nonlinear hydrodynamic interactions between responsive particles
Creators: name: Sokolov, Yulia
name: Diamant, Haim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two identical particles driven by the same steady force through a viscous fluid may move relative to one another due to hydrodynamic interactions. The presence or absence of this relative translation has a profound effect on the dynamics of a driven suspension consisting of many particles. We consider a pair of particles which, to linear order in the force, do not interact hydrodynamically. If the system possesses an intrinsic property (such as the shape of the particles, their position with respect to a boundary, or the shape of the boundary) which is affected by the external forcing, hydrodynamic interactions that depend nonlinearly on the force may emerge. We study the general properties of such nonlinear response. Analysis of the symmetries under particle exchange and under force reversal leads to general conclusions concerning the appearance of relative translation and the motion's time-reversibility. We demonstrate the applicability of the conclusions in three specific examples: (a) two spheres driven parallel to a wall; (b) two deformable objects driven parallel to their connecting line; and (c) two spheres driven along a curved path. The breaking of time-reversibility suggests a possible use of nonlinear hydrodynamic interactions to disperse or assemble particles by an alternating force.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. Significant revision including new subsection on interaction between two deformable objects
Patents, Spillovers, and Competition in Biotechnology
Creators: name: Austin, David H.
name: Austin, David H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: innovation
subject: patent value
subject: spillover
subject: competition
subject: event study

description: I perform an event study on 600+ patents awarded primarily to 20 leading biotechnology firms and find significant changes in market values at the time of the awards. Adjusting for partial anticipation of events, I estimate that core technology patents in highly contested research areas are expected to generate between $13 and $21 million of economic value. They also generate spillover benefits for the patentee's rivals-presumably including knowledge transfers-valued at $3 to $6 million per firm. Awardees may appropriate only half of private benefits, although I observe negative spillovers for some high-profile awards. Most patents have no significant market impact.
Deutsche Bischöfe u.a. (Hrsg.), Ökumenisches Verzeichnis der biblischen Eigennamen nach den Loccumer Richtlinien
Creators: name: Krüger
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 22 Nr. 1 (1973): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 22, Heft 1
Riemann Invariants and Rank-k Solutions of Hyperbolic Systems
Creators: name: Grundland, A. M.
name: Huard, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we employ a "direct method" in order to obtain rank-k solutions of any hyperbolic system of first order quasilinear differential equations in many dimensions. We discuss in detail the necessary and sufficient conditions for existence of these type of solutions written in terms of Riemann invariants. The most important characteristic of this approach is the introduction of specific first order side conditions consistent with the original system of PDEs, leading to a generalization of the Riemann invariant method of solving multi-dimensional systems of PDEs. We have demonstrated the usefulness of our approach through several examples of hydrodynamic type systems; new classes of solutions have been obtained in a closed form.
description: 30 pages
The Nexus Generation and marketing in the Canadian ski industry : a case study of three resorts
Creators: name: Northcott, Jasmine R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study critically examined how three Canadian ski resorts markets to the Nexus Generation (population cohort aged 18 to 35 years) by evaluating the marketing practices of three leading ski resorts owned by a major resort development company located in Canada. The research objectives were to critically review the resorts' marketing methods for profiling and targeting the Nexus Generation, and evaluate the effectiveness of these methods based on established theory in generational marketing. The study followed a case study approach and a qualitative research methodology. Marketing Directors from the three ski resorts were recruited into the study and interviewed using semi-structured interview methods. Interviews were conducted on-site at the respective resorts in order to provide a more natural environment for the participants and to facilitate field observations and collection of marketing plans and materials. Data analysis focused on the resorts' profiles and amenities, their target consumer groups, and their marketing approaches, including any use of generational marketing methods, and any targeting of Nexus. The results indicate that the ski resorts' application of generational marketing as a marketing strategy and their perceptions of Nexus as a market segment correlated well with theories of generational marketing and the Nexus generation. The Nexus generation was not identified as a specific target market, however, it overlapped many of the target groups outlined by the ski resorts. Although not marketed to directly, Nexus was identified as an important group and in particular their vitality and youth were valued as a desirable quality to have associated with the resort. Generational marketing was used by each of the resorts to varying degrees, however, further steps could be taken in this area such as determining major world and life experiences that have affected the attitudes of skiing consumers, including their perceptions of critical ski resort amenities and services, and their attitudes towards money and consumerism more generally. The analysis contributed to the literature by providing a concrete case study that critically evaluated generational marketing approaches at three Canadian ski resorts, and points the way for further use of generational marketing methods in the ski industry.
Financial Responsibility for Environmental Obligations: Are Bonding and Assurance Rules Fulfilling Their Promise?
Creators: name: Boyd, James
name: Boyd, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: financial assurance
subject: financial responsibility
subject: bonding
subject: environmental insurance

description: Financal assurance rules, also known as financial responsibility or bonding requirements, foster cost internalization by requiring potential polluters to demonstrate the financial resources necessary to compensate for environmental damage that may arise in the future. Accordingly, assurance is an important complement to liability rules, restoration obligations, and other regulatory compliance requirements. The paper reviews the need for assurance, given the prevalence of abandoned environmental obligations, and assesses the implementation of assurance rules in the United States. From the standpoint of both legal effectiveness and economic efficiency, assurance rules can be improved. On the whole, however, cost recovery, deterrence, and enforcement are significantly improved by the presence of existing assurance regulations.
title: Acquired and hereditary prosopagnosia in history, fiction literature, biographies, and live celebrities of the present
Creators: name: Kennerknecht, Ingo
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Prosopagnosia (syn. face blindness) describes an inborn or acquired deficiency of face perception. In probands with this anomaly the ability to recognize even familiar faces is impaired, whereas faces expressing emotions, attractiveness and gender are clearly seen. In contrast to the acquired form, which is easily diagnosed by the sudden loss of a skill, the congenital form is mostly overlooked. Nevertheless, prosopagnosia is very common and almost always hereditary. Once alerted to this phenomenon it is found by chance – sometimes hidden - in a variety of sources as in autobiographies, poems, celebrities in live radio/TV programmes, and even one’s own close friends. Almost all of the subjects think their problem is unique, and in cases with the very frequent hereditary form, nearly all of the affected individuals were not aware of other impaired first-degree relatives.
Off-the-Wall Higgs in the Universal Randall-Sundrum Model
Creators: name: Davoudiasl, Hooman
name: Lillie, Ben
name: Rizzo, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We outline a consistent Randall-Sundrum (RS) framework in which a fundamental 5-dimensional Higgs doublet induces electroweak symmetry breaking (EWSB). In this framework of a warped Universal Extra Dimension, the lightest Kaluza-Klein (KK) mode of the bulk Higgs is tachyonic leading to a vacuum expectation value (vev) at the TeV scale. The consistency of this picture imposes a set of constraints on the parameters in the Higgs sector. A novel feature of our scenario is the emergence of an adjustable bulk profile for the Higgs vev. We also find a tower of non-tachyonic Higgs KK modes at the weak scale. We consider an interesting implementation of this ``Off-the-Wall Higgs'' mechanism where the 5-dimensional curvature-scalar coupling alone generates the tachyonic mode responsible for EWSB. In this case, additional relations among the parameters of the Higgs and gravitational sectors are established. We discuss the experimental signatures of the bulk Higgs in general, and those of the ``Gravity-Induced'' EWSB in particular.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
The Quantum Mechanics Swampland
Creators: name: Parikh, Aditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate non-relativistic quantum mechanical potentials between fermions generated by various classes of QFT operators and evaluate their singularity structure. These potentials can be generated either by four-fermion operators or by the exchange of a scalar or vector mediator coupled via renormalizable or non-renormalizable operators. In the non-relativistic regime, solving the Schrödinger equation with these potentials provides an accurate description of the scattering process. This procedure requires providing a set of boundary conditions. We first recapitulate the procedure for setting the boundary conditions by matching the first Born approximation in quantum mechanics to the tree-level QFT approximation. Using this procedure, we show that the potentials are nonsingular, despite the presence of terms proportional to $r^{-3}$ and $\nabla_{i}\nabla_{j}δ^{3}(\vec{r})$. This surprising feature leads us to propose the \emph{Quantum Mechanics Swampland}, in which the Landscape consists of non-relativistic quantum mechanical potentials that can be UV completed to a QFT, and the Swampland consists of pathological potentials which cannot. We identify preliminary criteria for distinguishing potentials which reside in the Landscape from those that reside in the Swampland. We also consider extensions to potentials in higher dimensions and find that Coulomb potentials are nonsingular in an arbitrary number of spacetime dimensions.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure