cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Empirical Evaluation of Defect Projection Models for Widely-deployed Production Software Systems
Creators: name: Li, Paul Luo
name: Shaw, Mary
name: Herbsleb, James
name: Ray, Bonnie
name: P.  Santhanam
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Defect-occurrence projection is necessary for the development of methods to mitigate the risks of software defect occurrences. In this paper, we examine user-reported software defect-occurrence patterns across twenty-two releases of four widely-deployed, business-critical, production, software systems: a commercial operating system, a commercial middleware system, an open source operating system (OpenBSD), and an open source middleware system (Tomcat). We evaluate the suitability of common defect-occurrence models by first assessing the match between characteristics of widely-deployed production software systems and model structures. We then evaluate how well the models fit real world data. We find that the Weibull model is flexible enough to capture defectoccurrence behavior across a wide range of systems. It provides the best model fit in 16 out of the 22 releases. We then evaluate the ability of the moving averages and the exponential smoothing methods to extrapolate Weibull model parameters using fitted model parameters from historical releases. Our results show that in 50% of our forecasting experiments, these two naïve parameter-extrapolation methods produce projections that are worse than the projection from using the same model parameters as the most recent release. These findings establish the need for further research on parameter-extrapolation methods that take into account variations in characteristics of widely-deployed, production, software systems across multiple releases.
Hysteretic behavior in weakly coupled double-dot transport in the spin blockade regime
Creators: name: Inarrea, J.
name: Lopez-Monis, C.
name: MacDonald, A. H.
name: Platero, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Double quantum dot systems in the spin blockade regime exhibit leakage currents that have been attributed to the Hyperfine interaction. We model weakly coupled double-dot transport using a rate equation approach which accounts for Hyperfine flip-flop transitions. The rate equations allow us to obtain self-consistently the time evolution for electronic charge occupations and for the nuclei polarizations in each dot. We analyze the current in the spin blockade region as a function of magnetic field and observe hysteretic behavior for fields corresponding to the crossing between triplet and singlet states.
description: 3 pages and 4 figures. Accepted in APL
UML 2.0 - Overview and Perspectives in SoC Design
Creators: name: Schattkowsky, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The design productivity gap requires more efficient design methods. Software systems have faced the same challenge and seem to have mastered it with the introduction of more abstract design methods. The UML has become the standard for software systems modeling and thus the foundation of new design methods. Although the UML is defined as a general purpose modeling language, its application to hardware and hardware/software codesign is very limited. In order to successfully apply the UML at these fields, it is essential to understand its capabilities and to map it to a new domain.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Degradation of Resin-based Dental Composites Under Biologically Relevant Conditions
Creators: name: Mondal, Karabi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Dental restorative composites are widely used for their aesthetic appeal and biocompatibility. However, despite these advantages, composite restorations face issues such as recurrent caries and mechanical failures due to harsh oral conditions. This research delves into the degradation behavior of nano-filled and micro-hybrid composite specimens under simulated oral environments.
Aging effects were explored via exposure to artificial saliva, volatile fatty acids, alcohols, and enzymes, alongside interactions with cariogenic and non-cariogenic oral bacteria. Mechanical properties (diametral tensile strength, flexure strength, fracture toughness, hardness, pushout strength) post-aging were evaluated. Fracture toughness emerged as a robust failure predictor due to its lower variability compared to other properties. Cyclic loading impact on composite strength was inconclusive, warranting more cycles for fatigue assessment. Enhanced confined compression test methods were recommended for accurate stress calculations.
Growth of oral Streptococci, cariogenic and non-cariogenic, significantly deteriorated resin-based composites, partly due to fermentation metabolites. This highlights oral Streptococci's role in biodeterioration. Volatile fatty acids from glucose and sucrose fermentation equally contributed to acid decay. Composite degradation occurred irrespective of cariogenic potential, debunking its necessity for deterioration. Notably, surface roughness influenced biofilm formation, underscoring its impact on restoration performance. Adhesive application improved composite-to-tooth interfaces, minimizing flaws.
In summary, this research comprehensively addresses dental composite deterioration: aging effects, methodologies, bacterial influence, glucose-sucrose roles, mastication impact, biofilm formation, and adhesive effects. These insights advance dental material science and inform the enhancement of restorative dental materials.
On the partially symmetric rank of tensor products of W-states and other symmetric tensors
Creators: name: Ballico, Edoardo
name: Bernardi, Alessandra
name: Christandl, Matthias
name: Gesmundo, Fulvio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A69, 14M20, 14N05

description: Given tensors $T$ and $T'$ of order $k$ and $k'$ respectively, the tensor product $T \otimes T'$ is a tensor of order $k+k'$. It was recently shown that the tensor rank can be strictly submultiplicative under this operation ([Christandl-Jensen-Zuiddam]). We study this phenomenon for symmetric tensors where additional techniques from algebraic geometry become available. The tensor product of symmetric tensors results in a partially symmetric tensor and our results amount to bounds on the partially symmetric rank. Following motivations from algebraic complexity theory and quantum information theory, we focus on the so-called "W-states", namely monomials of the form $x^{d-1}y$, and on products of such. In particular, we prove that the partially symmetric rank of $x^{d_1 -1}y \otimes ... \otimes x^{d_k-1} y$ is at most $2^{k-1}(d_1+ ... +d_k)$.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures, final version to appear in Atti Accad. Naz. Lincei Rend. Lincei Mat. Appl
Magnetic Polarizability of Virtual (ss') and (cc') Pairs in the Nucleon
Creators: name: Filip, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest 3P0 quantum state of virtual (ss') pairs in the nucleon can be polarised by the internal fields permeating the volume of the nucleon (proton or neutron). Due to the quadratic Zeeman interaction, 3P0 wavefunction of virtual (qq') pairs acquires the admixture of 1P10 quantum state in the magnetic field, which generates the antiparallel polarization of s and s' quarks (in the nucleon). Considering the internal magnetic fields of neutron and proton (originating from their measured magnetic dipole moments), we suggest the induced s-quark polarization in the neutron to be of the oposite direction compared to the proton case. We mention the influence of the internal chromo-magnetic fields on the quantum state of (qq') pairs in the nucleon and we discuss also the expected behaviour of virtual (cc') pairs.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, prepared for DSPIN 2017 conference proceedings
“Trust yourself and your body”: advice from fat individuals on how to navigate fat fertility, pregnancy, and birth
Creators: name: Basinger, Erin D.
name: Quinlan, Margaret M.
name: Curry, Audrey M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology
subject: Cardiology

description: Weight stigma contributes to healthcare-related stress and can make pregnancy difficult for people in larger bodies who are frequently denied reproductive healthcare treatment or receive poor quality care. Support from similar others – those who have experienced the same stressor – is particularly useful for navigating these challenges. Our goal in this study was to solicit advice from fat individuals who have tried to conceive, been pregnant, or had a baby. Survey responses from 150 people included 225 units of advice. We used content analysis to code the advice into 10 types that fell under three main categories: intrapersonal advice, communication advice, and social support advice. The two most prevalent pieces of advice were to trust yourself and your body (n = 57) and find an inclusive provider (n = 56). Based on our results, we suggest finding fat-affirming and inclusive providers, seeking nourishment rather than a restrictive diet, engaging in joyful movement, and connecting with a community of other fat individuals.
Modeling and Propagation of Noisy Waveforms in Static Timing Analysis
Creators: name: Nazarian, Shahin
name: Pedram, Massoud
name: Tuncer, Emre
name: Lin, Tao
name: Ajami, Amir H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Computer Science (cs.OH)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A technique based on the sensitivity of the output to input waveform is presented for accurate propagation of delay information through a gate for the purpose of static timing analysis (STA) in the presence of noise. Conventional STA tools represent a waveform by its arrival time and slope. However, this is not an accurate way of modeling the waveform for the purpose of noise analysis. The key contribution of our work is the development of a method that allows efficient propagation of equivalent waveforms throughout the circuit. Experimental results demonstrate higher accuracy of the proposed sensitivity-based gate delay propagation technique, SGDP, compared to the best of existing approaches. SGDP is compatible with the current level of gate characterization in conventional ASIC cell libraries, and as a result, it can be easily incorporated into commercial STA tools to improve their accuracy.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Compressive Sensing Using Iterative Hard Thresholding with Low Precision Data Representation: Theory and Applications
Creators: name: Gürel, Nezihe Merve
name: Kara, Kaan
name: Stojanov, Alen
name: Smith, Tyler
name: Lemmin, Thomas
name: Alistarh, Dan
name: Püschel, Markus
name: Zhang, Ce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern scientific instruments produce vast amounts of data, which can overwhelm the processing ability of computer systems. Lossy compression of data is an intriguing solution, but comes with its own drawbacks, such as potential signal loss, and the need for careful optimization of the compression ratio. In this work, we focus on a setting where this problem is especially acute: compressive sensing frameworks for interferometry and medical imaging. We ask the following question: can the precision of the data representation be lowered for all inputs, with recovery guarantees and practical performance? Our first contribution is a theoretical analysis of the normalized Iterative Hard Thresholding (IHT) algorithm when all input data, meaning both the measurement matrix and the observation vector are quantized aggressively. We present a variant of low precision normalized {IHT} that, under mild conditions, can still provide recovery guarantees. The second contribution is the application of our quantization framework to radio astronomy and magnetic resonance imaging. We show that lowering the precision of the data can significantly accelerate image recovery. We evaluate our approach on telescope data and samples of brain images using CPU and FPGA implementations achieving up to a 9x speed-up with negligible loss of recovery quality.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, in IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing Vol. 68, No. 7, pp. 4268-4282, 2020
Embedded System Design Issues (the Rest of the Story)
Creators: name: Koopman, Philip
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Many embedded systems have substantially different design constraints than desktop computing applications. No single characterization applies to the diverse spectrum of embedded systems. However, some combination of cost pressure, longlife-cycle, real-time requirements, reliability requirements, and design culture dysfunction can make it difficult to be successful applying traditional computer design methodologies and tools to embedded applications. Embedded systems in many cases must be optimized for life-cycle and business-driven factors rather than for maximum computing throughput. There is currently little tool support for expanding embedded computer design to the scope of holistic embedded system design. However,knowing the strengths and weaknesses of current approaches can set expectations appropriately, identify risk areas to tool adopters, and suggest ways in which tool builders can meet industrial needs.
title: HCN and HNC in comets C/2000 WM1 (Linear) and C/2002 C1 (Ikeya-Zhang)
Creators: name: Irvine, William M.
name: Bergman, P
name: Lowe, TB
name: Matthews, H
name: McGonagle, D
name: Nummelin, A
name: Owen, T
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: coma
subject: comet
subject: HCN
subject: HNC
subject: interstellar
subject: NO
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: The published version is located at http://www.springerlink.com/content/m674vw13l4076402/
description: Comets have been suggested as a possibly significant source of organic molecules to the early Earth. Hydrogen cyanide (HCN) is important in models of prebiotic chemistry, but may be difficult to form in the early terrestrial environment, while hydrogen isocyanide (HNC) is a `classical' tracer of interstellar ion-molecule chemistry. We have observed both HCN and HNC in 2 recent comets, bringing the number of comets with published measurements of the HNC/HCN abundance ratio to 6. The HNC/HCN ratio in comet Ikeya-Zhang appears to increase with decreasing heliocentric distance, as was previously observed for comet Hale-Bopp, indicating that the HNC is produced at least in part by processes in the cometary coma (atmosphere) and is not simply a constituent of the nuclear ices. Both comets C/2000 WM1 (Linear) and C/2002 C1 (Ikeya-Zhang) exhibit values of the HNC/HCN ratio that appear to be too large (0.09–0.19) tobe matched by current models of coma chemistry. Cometary HNC maybe a photodissociation product of organic grains or large organic polymers stored in the nucleus. We have also set a limit on the emission from the NO radical in comet WM1.
From Equivalence Principles to Cosmology: Cosmic Polarization Rotation, CMB Observation, Neutrino Number Asymmetry, Lorentz Invariance and CPT
Creators: name: Ni, Wei-Tou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we review the approach leading to cosmic polarization rotation observation and present the current status with an outlook. In the study of the relations among equivalence principles, we found that long-range pseudoscalar-photon interaction is allowed. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction would induce a rotation of linear polarization of electromagnetic wave propagating with cosmological/astrophysical distance. In 2002, DASI successfully observed the polarization of the cosmological microwave background radiation. In 2003, WMAP observed the correlation of polarization with temperature anisotropy at more than 10 sigma in the cosmological microwave background. From this high polarization-temperature correlation in WMAP observation, we put a limit of 0.1 rad on the rotation of linear polarization of cosmological microwave background (CMB) propagation. Pseudoscalar-photon interaction is proportional to the gradient of the pseudoscalar field. From phenomenological point of view, this gradient could be neutrino number asymmetry current, other density current, or a constant vector. In these situations, Lorentz invariance or CPT may or may not effectively be violated. In this paper, we review and compile various results. Better accuracy in CMB polarization observation is expected from PLANCK mission to be launched next year. A dedicated CMB polarization observer in the future would probe this fundamental issue more deeply.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, a few references with corresponding text change added in this version, invited talk given in VIII Asia-Pacific International Conference on Gravitation and Astophysics (ICGA8), August 29 - September 1, 2007, Nara Women's University, Japan, submitted to Progress of Theoretical Physics Supplement
Generic Pipelined Processor Modeling and High Performance Cycle-Accurate Simulator Generation
Creators: name: Reshadi, Mehrdad
name: Dutt, Nikil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Detailed modeling of processors and high performance cycle-accurate simulators are essential for today's hardware and software design. These problems are challenging enough by themselves and have seen many previous research efforts. Addressing both simultaneously is even more challenging, with many existing approaches focusing on one over another. In this paper, we propose the Reduced Colored Petri Net (RCPN) model that has two advantages: first, it offers a very simple and intuitive way of modeling pipelined processors; second, it can generate high performance cycle-accurate simulators. RCPN benefits from all the useful features of Colored Petri Nets without suffering from their exponential growth in complexity. RCPN processor models are very intuitive since they are a mirror image of the processor pipeline block diagram. Furthermore, in our experiments on the generated cycle-accurate simulators for XScale and StrongArm processor models, we achieved an order of magnitude (~15 times) speedup over the popular SimpleScalar ARM simulator.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Universal dielectric response across a continuous metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Haldar, Prosenjit
name: Laad, M. S.
name: Hassan, S. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wide range of disordered materials, including disordered correlated systems, show "Universal Dielectric Response" (UDR), followed by a superlinear power-law increase in their optical responses over exceptionally broad frequency regimes. While extensively used in various contexts over the years, the microscopics underpinning UDR remains controversial. Here, we investigate the optical response of the simplest model of correlated fermions, Falicov-Kimball model (FKM), across the continuous metal-insulator transition (MIT) and analyze the associated quantum criticality in detail using cluster extension of dynamical mean field theory (CDMFT). Surprisingly, we find that UDR naturally emerges in the quantum critical region associated with the continuous MIT. We tie the emergence of these novel features to a many-body orthogonality catastrophe accompanying the onset of strongly correlated electronic glassy dynamics close to the MIT, providing a microscopic realization of Jonscher's time-honored proposal as well as a rationale for similarities in optical responses between correlated electronic matter and canonical glass formers.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Embedded control as a path to Forth acceptance
Creators: name: Koopman, Philip
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents a strategy for promoting Forth acceptance based on a narrow focus of concentration on a a target application area. The proposed goal is to make Forth the language of choice for embedded real time control systems, and thus establish a foothold in the general computing community.
Cycle Accurate Binary Translation for Simulation Acceleration in Rapid Prototyping of SoCs
Creators: name: Schnerr, Jurgen
name: Bringmann, Oliver
name: Rosenstiel, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, the application of a cycle accurate binary translator for rapid prototyping of SoCs will be presented. This translator generates code to run on a rapid prototyping system consisting of a VLIW processor and FPGAs. The generated code is annotated with information that triggers cycle generation for the hardware in parallel to the execution of the translated program. The VLIW processor executes the translated program whereas the FPGAs contain the hardware for the parallel cycle generation and the bus interface that adapts the bus of the VLIW processor to the SoC bus of the emulated processor core.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Distribution of Time-Energy Entanglement over 100 km fiber using superconducting single-photon detectors
Creators: name: Zhang, Qiang
name: Takesue, Hiroki
name: Nam, Sae Woo
name: Langrock, Carsten
name: Xie, Xiuping
name: Fejer, M. M.
name: Yamamoto, Yoshihisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, we report an experimental realization of distributing entangled photon pairs over 100 km of dispersion-shifted fiber. In the experiment, we used a periodically poled lithium niobate waveguide to generate the time-energy entanglement and superconducting single-photon detectors to detect the photon pairs after 100 km. We also demonstrate that the distributed photon pairs can still be useful for quantum key distribution and other quantum communication tasks.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Flare particle acceleration in the interaction of twisted coronal flux ropes
Creators: name: Threlfall, J.
name: Hood, A. W.
name: Browning, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to investigate and characterise non-thermal particle behaviour in a three-dimensional (3D) magnetohydrodynamical (MHD) model of unstable multi-threaded flaring coronal loops. We have used a numerical scheme which solves the relativistic guiding centre approximation to study the motion of electrons and protons. The scheme uses snapshots from high resolution numerical MHD simulations of coronal loops containing two threads, where a single thread becomes unstable and (in one case) destabilises and merges with an additional thread. The particle responses to the reconnection and fragmentation in MHD simulations of two loop threads are examined in detail. We illustrate the role played by uniform background resistivity and distinguish this from the role of anomalous resistivity using orbits in an MHD simulation where only one thread becomes unstable without destabilising further loop threads. We examine the (scalable) orbit energy gains and final positions recovered at different stages of a second MHD simulation wherein a secondary loop thread is destabilised by (and merges with) the first thread. We compare these results with other theoretical particle acceleration models in the context of observed energetic particle populations during solar flares.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
title: ADCO, Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00328
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2011
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: cartulaire
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge

description: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00328, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Troisième cartulaire de Saint-Étienne de Dijon (XVIe), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 23 (G 127), 310 folios, f. 00328, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https://manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: abbaye Saint-Étienne de Dijon
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q15945019
At-Speed Logic BIST for IP Cores
Creators: name: Cheon, B.
name: Lee, E.
name: Wang, L. -T.
name: Wen, X.
name: Hsu, P.
name: Cho, J.
name: Park, J.
name: Chao, H.
name: Wu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes a flexible logic BIST scheme that features high fault coverage achieved by fault-simulation guided test point insertion, real at-speed test capability for multi-clock designs without clock frequency manipulation, and easy physical implementation due to the use of a low-speed SE signal. Application results of this scheme to two widely used IP cores are also reported.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Superior valley polarization and coherence of 2s excitons in monolayer WSe2
Creators: name: Chen, Shao-Yu
name: Goldstein, Thomas
name: Tong, Jiayue
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Yan, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental observation of 2s exciton radiative emission from monolayer tungsten diselenide, enabled by hexagonal boron nitride protected high-quality samples. The 2s luminescence is highly robust and persists up to 150K, offering a new quantum entity for manipulating the valley degree of freedom. Remarkably, the 2s exciton displays superior valley polarization and coherence than 1s under similar experimental conditions. This observation provides evidence that the Coulomb-exchange-interaction-driven valley-depolarization process, the Maialle-Silva-Sham mechanism, plays an important role in valley excitons of monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides.
Isolation and Synthetic Derivatisation of Indole Alkaloids as Probes for the Kappa Opioid Receptor
Creators: name: Creed, Simone M
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: The evaluation of natural products has been crucial to the development of new therapeutics in terms of discovering drug candidates and developing molecular probes to understand their biological targets. Indole alkaloids, in particular, have found favour as privileged scaffolds for drug discovery. An interest in central nervous system (CNS) targets for pain and substance abuse, drew attention to two species from West African traditional medicine – Picralima nitida and Voacanga africana.
P. nitida, commonly known as akuamma, has been used for centuries to treat various ailments including pain and fever. The analgesic properties have been attributed to indole alkaloids contained in the seeds. One of these alkaloids, akuammicine, is an agonist with significant affinity for the kappa opioid receptor (KOR) – an opioid receptor with a pharmacological profile void of the adverse effects associated with the mu opioid receptor. Leveraging a robust isolation method to access akuammicine, synthesis and evaluation of analogues revealed C10 derivatives with remarkable increases in affinity and potency, while maintaining KOR selectivity. Use of these analogues as in vitro and in vivo probes will yield greater understanding of the signalling and behavioural effects of the akuammicine scaffold at the KOR.
The chemical composition of V. africana bears overwhelming similarity to Tabernanthe iboga – the main source of the indole alkaloid ibogaine – which has been anecdotally used as a long-lasting treatment for stimulant abuse. While the ability to study ibogaine is limited due to its classification as a Schedule I substance, the close resemblance of voacangine, the major alkaloid V. africana, may provide a plausible substitute for investigating ibogaine’s pharmacology, which includes KOR agonist activity. Synthetic conversion of voacangine into known voacangine and ibogaine metabolites yielded compounds that will be screened against a panel of >45 CNS receptors to deliver a comprehensive profile of their pharmacological activity.
Altogether, these projects facilitate greater mechanistic understanding of P. nitida and V. africana metabolites, with the potential to develop novel analgesics with an improved safety profile and new substance abuse cessation treatments.
Hierarchies of Geometric Entanglement
Creators: name: Blasone, M.
name: Dell'Anno, F.
name: De Siena, S.
name: Illuminati, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a class of generalized geometric measures of entanglement. For pure quantum states of $N$ elementary subsystems, they are defined as the distances from the sets of $K$-separable states ($K=2,...,N$). The entire set of generalized geometric measures provides a quantification and hierarchical ordering of the different bipartite and multipartite components of the global geometric entanglement, and allows to discriminate among the different contributions. The extended measures are applied to the study of entanglement in different classes of $N$-qubit pure states. These classes include $W$ and $GHZ$ states, and their symmetric superpositions; symmetric multi-magnon states; cluster states; and, finally, asymmetric generalized $W$-like superposition states. We discuss in detail a general method for the explicit evaluation of the multipartite components of geometric entanglement, and we show that the entire set of geometric measures establishes an ordering among the different types of bipartite and multipartite entanglement. In particular, it determines a consistent hierarchy between $GHZ$ and $W$ states, clarifying the original result of Wei and Goldbart that $W$ states possess a larger global entanglement than $GHZ$ states. Furthermore, we show that all multipartite components of geometric entanglement in symmetric states obey a property of self-similarity and scale invariance with the total number of qubits and the number of qubits per party.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures. Final version, to appear in Phys. Rev. A
Offener Brief des Vereins AG Theorien in der Archäologie (TidA) zum Thema #IchBinHanna
Creators: name: AG Theorien In Der Archäologie (TidA)
name: Lätzer-Lasar, Asuman
name: Schreiber, Stefan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: #IchBinHanna

description: An die Verbände und Vereine, die sich als archäologische Berufs- oder Interessen-vertretungen verstehen, insbesondere den Deutschen Verband für Archäologie (DVA), den Deutschen Archäologen-Verband (DArV), die Deutsche Gesellschaft für Ur- und Frühgeschichte (DGUF) sowie das Chartered Institute for Archaeologists Deutschland (CifA D).
Fast Dynamic Memory Integration in Co-Simulation Frameworks for Multiprocessor System on-Chip
Creators: name: Villa, O.
name: Schaumont, P.
name: Verbauwhede, I.
name: Monchiero, M.
name: Palermo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper is proposed a technique to integrate and simulate a dynamic memory in a multiprocessor framework based on C/C++/SystemC. Using host machine's memory management capabilities, dynamic data processing is supported without compromising speed and accuracy of the simulation. A first prototype in a shared memory context is presented.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Accurate Electron Affinities and Orbital Energies of Anions from a Non-Empirically Tuned Range-Separated Density Functional Theory Approach
Creators: name: Anderson, Lindsey N.
name: Oviedo, M. Belén
name: Wong, Bryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The treatment of atomic anions with Kohn-Sham density functional theory (DFT) has long been controversial since the highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO) energy, $E_{HOMO}$, is often calculated to be positive with most approximate density functionals. We assess the accuracy of orbital energies and electron affinities for all three rows of elements in the periodic table (H-Ar) using a variety of theoretical approaches and customized basis sets. Among all of the theoretical methods studied here, we find that a non-empirically tuned range-separated approach (constructed to satisfy DFT-Koopmans' theorem for the anionic electron system) provides the best accuracy for a variety of basis sets - even for small basis sets where most functionals typically fail. Previous approaches to solve this conundrum of positive $E_{HOMO}$ values have utilized non-self-consistent methods; however electronic properties, such as electronic couplings/gradients (which require a self-consistent potential and energy), become ill-defined with these approaches. In contrast, the non-empirically tuned range-separated procedure used here yields well-defined electronic couplings/gradients and correct $E_{HOMO}$ values since both the potential and resulting electronic energy are computed self-consistently. Orbital energies and electron affinities are further analyzed in the context of the electronic energy as a function of electronic number (including fractional numbers of electrons) to provide a stringent assessment of self-interaction errors for these complex anion systems.
description: Accepted by the Journal of Chemical Theory and Computation
Mass Screening in Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Gabadadze, Gregory
name: Iglesias, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Models of modified gravity introduce extra degrees of freedom, which for consistency with the data, should be suppressed at observable scales. In the models that share properties of massive gravity such a suppression is due to nonlinear interactions: An isolated massive astrophysical object creates a halo of a nonzero curvature around it, shielding its vicinity from the influence of the extra degrees of freedom. We emphasize that the very same halo leads to a screening of the gravitational mass of the object, as seen by an observer beyond the halo. We discuss the case when the screening could be very significant and may rule out, or render the models observationally interesting.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures, A contribution to the Proceedings of the International Workshop on Cosmology and Gravitation, Peyresq 12, June 16-22, 2007, Peyresq, France
Whale swarm algorithm with the mechanism of identifying and escaping from extreme points for multimodal function optimization
Creators: name: Zeng, Bing
name: Li, Xinyu
name: Gao, Liang
name: Zhang, Yuyan
name: Dong, Haozhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Most real-world optimization problems often come with multiple global optima or local optima. Therefore, increasing niching metaheuristic algorithms, which devote to finding multiple optima in a single run, are developed to solve these multimodal optimization problems. However, there are two difficulties urgently to be solved for most existing niching metaheuristic algorithms: how to set the optimal values of niching parameters for different optimization problems, and how to jump out of the local optima efficiently. These two difficulties limited their practicality largely. Based on Whale Swarm Algorithm (WSA) we proposed previously, this paper presents a new multimodal optimizer named WSA with Iterative Counter (WSA-IC) to address these two difficulties. In the one hand, WSA-IC improves the iteration rule of the original WSA for multimodal optimization, which removes the need of specifying different values of attenuation coefficient for different problems to form multiple subpopulations, without introducing any niching parameter. In the other hand, WSA-IC enables the identification of extreme point during iterations relying on two new parameters (i.e., stability threshold Ts and fitness threshold Tf), to jump out of the located extreme point. Moreover, the convergence of WSA-IC is proved. Finally, the proposed WSA-IC is compared with several niching metaheuristic algorithms on CEC2015 niching benchmark test functions and five additional classical multimodal functions with high dimensions. The experimental results demonstrate that WSA-IC statistically outperforms other niching metaheuristic algorithms on most test functions.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, 9 tables, 39 references
Numerical study of the effect of structure and geometry on van der Waals forces
Creators: name: Román-Velázquez, Carlos E.
name: Sernelius, Bo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use multipolar expansions to find the force on a gold coated sphere above a gold substrate; we study both an empty gold shell and a gold coated polystyrene sphere. We find four characteristic separation ranges. In the first region, which for the empty gold shell occurs for distances, d, smaller than the thickness of the coating, the result agrees with that on a solid gold sphere and varies as d^(-2); for larger separations there is a region where the force behaves as if the coating is strictly two dimensional and varies as d^(-5/2); in the third region the dependence is more unspecific; in the forth region when d is larger than the radius, the force varies as d^(-4). For homogeneous objects of more general shapes we introduce a numerical method based on the solution of an integral equation for the electric field over a system of objects with arbitrary shapes. We study the effect of shape and orientation on the van der Waals interaction between an object and a substrate and between two objects.
description: 8 pages, presented in the QFEXT07 conference, submitted to Journal of Physics A
Virushepatitis B und D im Jahr 2020
Creators: name: Burdi, Sofia
name: Harder, Thomas
name: Ullrich, Alexander
name: Krings, Amrei
name: Sandfort, Mirco
name: Dudareva, Sandra
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Hepatitis B
subject: Hepatitis D
subject: Welt-Hepatitis-Tag
subject: Meldedaten
subject: Prävention
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Infektionen mit Hepatitis-B-Viren (HBV) gehören zu den häufigsten Infektionskrankheiten weltweit. Hepatitis D ist ebenfalls weltweit verbreitet, auch wenn Deutschland zu den Niedrigprävalenzländern gehört. Sowohl die WHO als auch das Bundesministerium für Gesundheit haben Strategien zur Eindämmung von Hepatitis B veröffentlicht - die COVID-19-Pandemie stellt jedoch eine große Heraus¬forderung beim Erreichen der Eliminierungsziele bis 2030 dar. In Deutschland wurden im Jahr 2020 24% weniger HBV-Infektionen übermittelt als im Vorjahr. Wie das Epidemiologische Bulletin 29/2021 anlässlich des Welt-Hepatitis-Tages ausführt, sind die Gründe für die Re¬duktion übermittelter Fallzahlen vielfältig. Die COVID-19-Pandemie hat die Gesundheitsversor¬gung, den öffentlichen Gesundheitsdienst aber auch das Kontaktverhalten der Bevölkerung dras¬tisch verändert. Die Reduktion der Fallzahlen könnte aber auch durch die Änderungen im IfSG im Jahr 2017 begründet sein.
Zero-Shot Detection
Creators: name: Zhu, Pengkai
name: Wang, Hanxiao
name: Saligrama, Venkatesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As we move towards large-scale object detection, it is unrealistic to expect annotated training data, in the form of bounding box annotations around objects, for all object classes at sufficient scale, and so methods capable of unseen object detection are required. We propose a novel zero-shot method based on training an end-to-end model that fuses semantic attribute prediction with visual features to propose object bounding boxes for seen and unseen classes. While we utilize semantic features during training, our method is agnostic to semantic information for unseen classes at test-time. Our method retains the efficiency and effectiveness of YOLOv2 for objects seen during training, while improving its performance for novel and unseen objects. The ability of state-of-art detection methods to learn discriminative object features to reject background proposals also limits their performance for unseen objects. We posit that, to detect unseen objects, we must incorporate semantic information into the visual domain so that the learned visual features reflect this information and leads to improved recall rates for unseen objects. We test our method on PASCAL VOC and MS COCO dataset and observed significant improvements on the average precision of unseen classes.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
MPEC 2024-U102 : 2024 UP2
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 UP2

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
DIVOST-COM Improved Diurnal Variability "Forecast" Of Ocean Surface Temperature through Community Model development
Creators: name: Karagali, Ioanna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Presentation given at the 20th GHRSST science meeting (XX), ESA/ESRIN, Frascati, Italy, June 3 - 7, 2019.
Eliciting User Expectations for Data Behavior via Invariant Templates
Creators: name: Raz, Orna
name: Buchheit, Rebecca
name: Shaw, Mary
name: Koopman, Philip
name: Faloutsos, Christos
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: People expect software that they use for everyday purposes to be dependable enough for their needs. Usually, they can tolerate some failures, provided they can notice and recover from problems. Many dependability enhancement techniques rely on failure detection. Detection requires a model of proper behavior, preferably in the form of specifications. However, the specifications of everyday software are often incomplete and imprecise. This research uses machine learning techniques to refine the model and accommodates the necessary human participation. We propose a template mechanism to bridge between user expectations and techniques output. The result is an analyzable model of proper behavior that may serve as a proxy for missing specifications. We use the model to detect semantic anomalies--date behavior that is outside the user"s expectations. We test our template mechanism on truck weigh-in-motion (WIM) data. A domain expert interacts with this mechanism to set up the model of proper behavior. We then analyze the usefulness of this model for anomaly detection and show it is useful. We also compare the model to existing documentation and show how this gave the expert insights about the WIM system.
Stochastic Power Grid Analysis Considering Process Variations
Creators: name: Ghanta, Praveen
name: Vrudhula, Sarma
name: Panda, Rajendran
name: Wang, Janet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the impact of interconnect and device process variations on voltage fluctuations in power grids. We consider random variations in the power grid's electrical parameters as spatial stochastic processes and propose a new and efficient method to compute the stochastic voltage response of the power grid. Our approach provides an explicit analytical representation of the stochastic voltage response using orthogonal polynomials in a Hilbert space. The approach has been implemented in a prototype software called OPERA (Orthogonal Polynomial Expansions for Response Analysis). Use of OPERA on industrial power grids demonstrated speed-ups of up to two orders of magnitude. The results also show a significant variation of about $\pm$ 35% in the nominal voltage drops at various nodes of the power grids and demonstrate the need for variation-aware power grid analysis.
description: Submitted on behalf of EDAA (http://www.edaa.com/)
Binary Collisions and the Slingshot Effect
Creators: name: da Silva, Amaro J. Rica
name: Lemos, Jose P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the equations for the gravity assist manoeuvre in the general 2D case without the constraints of circular planetary orbits or widely different masses as assumed by Broucke, and obtain the slingshot conditions and maximum energy gain for arbitrary mass ratios of two colliding rigid bodies. Using the geometric view developed in an earlier paper by the authors the possible trajectories are computed for both attractive or repulsive interactions yielding a further insight on the slingshot mechanics and its parametrization. The general slingshot manoeuvre for arbitrary masses is explained as a particular case of the possible outcomes of attractive or repulsive binary collisions, and the correlation between asymptotic information and orbital parameters is obtained in general.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication Dec'07, Celestial Mechanics and Dynamical Astronomy