cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A unified explanation for the supernova rate-galaxy mass dependency based on supernovae discovered in Sloan galaxy spectra
Creators: name: Graur, Or
name: Bianco, Federica B.
name: Modjaz, Maryam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a method to discover and classify supernovae (SNe) in galaxy spectra, we detect 91 Type Ia SNe (SNe Ia) and 16 Type II SNe (SNe II) among 740,000 galaxies of all types and 215,000 star-forming galaxies without active galactic nuclei, respectively, in Data Release 9 of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. Of these SNe, 15 SNe Ia and 8 SNe II are new discoveries reported here for the first time. We use our SN samples to measure SN rates per unit mass as a function of galaxy stellar mass, star-formation rate (SFR), and specific SFR (sSFR), as derived by the MPA-JHU Galspec pipeline. We show that correlations between SN Ia and SN II rates per unit mass and galaxy stellar mass, SFR, and sSFR can be explained by a combination of the respective SN delay-time distributions (the distributions of times that elapse between the formation of a stellar population and all ensuing SNe), the ages of the surveyed galaxies, the redshifts at which they are observed, and their star-formation histories. This model was first suggested by Kistler et al. for the SN Ia rate-mass correlation, but is expanded here to SNe II and to correlations with galaxy SFR and sSFR. Finally, we measure a volumetric SN II rate at redshift 0.075 of $R_{\rm II,V} = 0.621^{+0.197}_{-0.154}({\rm stat})^{+0.024}_{-0.063}({\rm sys}) \times 10^{-4}$ yr$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-3}$. Assuming that SNe IIP and IIL account for 60 per cent of all core-collapse (CC) SNe, the CC SN rate is $R_{\rm CC,V} = 1.04^{+0.33}_{-0.26}({\rm stat})^{+0.04}_{-0.11}({\rm sys}) \times 10^{-4}$ yr$^{-1}$ Mpc$^{-3}$.
description: Accepted by MNRAS. Manuscript shortened to 22 pages (9 figures, 7 tables) and online supporting information section. All spectra available from WISeREP under program SDSS-SNe; Table 1 available in machine-readable format
Effects of localized muscle vibration on dynamic stability related to anterior cruciate ligament injury
Creators: name: Smith, Patrick
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR) utilizing hamstring tendon (HT) autografts leads to hamstrings dysfunction (e.g. deficits in strength and activation) and impaired dynamic knee stabilization that increase the risk of secondary ACL injury. Time to stabilization (TTS) and dynamic postural sway index (DPSI) identify deficits in dynamic postural control during single-leg landing tasks in individuals with ACLR and may be related to secondary ACL injury risk. Local muscle vibration (LMV) produces improvements in quadriceps neuromuscular function among ACLR individuals and improves postural control in healthy individuals. LMV applied to the hamstrings might also result in improved neuromuscular function of the hamstrings, improving dynamic postural stability. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of LMV applied to hamstrings on TTS and DPSI among healthy controls. In this crossover study, subjects performed a single-leg landing task onto a force plate from which TTS and DPSI were assessed before and after a control or LMV intervention. Statistical analysis revealed no significant effects of LMV on the indices of dynamic postural control. Previous literature suggests that vibration improves postural stability in individuals with ACLR who inherently possess deficits in sensorimotor function, however these deficits are not present in healthy controls. Because healthy controls do not display these same sensory deficits and muscle dysfunction, future studies should investigate the effects of LMV among ACLR individuals.
AI4AOP - Artificial Intelligence for AOPs - Thought Starter
Creators: name: Wittwehr, Clemens
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Adverse Outcome Pathways
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: The Adverse Outcome Pathway (AOP) development and assessment process is very time-consuming, as an enormous number of literature references need to be read, quality-checked, and assessed. Relevant content needs to be extracted, and the selected knowledge must be translated into KEs, KERs, and assembled into an AOP, and the AOP needs to be assessed and reviewed. The sheer effort required for humans to accomplish these tasks is often prohibitive, causing scientists to shy away from even considering developing an AOP. While the number of AOPs in the AOP-Wiki is still increasing and the AOP concept is now an established scientific concept, there is a risk that a critical mass of AOPs (which would herald a true paradigm shift in science) will not be reached unless a new approach supports a significant growth in AOP numbers.The main problem of the AOP Framework is its linear scaling: When 2 AOPs require 10 scientists (and reviewers), then 200 AOPs require 1000 scientists (and reviewers) – and this is not sustainable.It can be assumed that AI can support many aspects of the AOP development, assessment and review process.

AI4AOP will be an effort to explore the possibilities of using AI to support the key processes in the AOP domain. Ideally, a group of like-minded individuals will work together to leverage the power of AI to overcome the bottleneck of specialized expertise in creating a critical mass of AOPs.The group will form, will select topics to be treated and will agree on desired goals and deliverables. 

This thought starter document is an introduction to the effort and invitation to join it. It was first shown on 2024-10-30 during a meeting of the Society for the Advancement (SAAOP) Knowledgebase Interest Group (SKIG).
A Clifford Bundle Approach to the Wave Equation of a Spin 1/2 Fermion in the de Sitter Manifold
Creators: name: Rodrigues, W. A.
name: Wainer, S. A.
name: Rivera-Tapia, M.
name: Notte-Cuello, E. A.
name: Kondrashuk, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we give a Clifford bundle motivated approach to the wave equation of a free spin $1/2$ fermion in the de Sitter manifold, a brane with topology $M=\mathrm{S0}(4,1)/\mathrm{S0}(3,1)$ living in the bulk spacetime $\mathbb{R}^{4,1}=(\mathring{M}=\mathbb{R}^{5},\boldsymbol{\mathring{g}})$ and equipped with a metric field $\boldsymbol{g:=-i}^{\ast}\boldsymbol{\mathring{g}%}$ with $\boldsymbol{i}:M\rightarrow\mathring{M}$ being the inclusion map. To obtain the analog of Dirac equation in Minkowski spacetime in the structure $\mathring{M}$ we appropriately factorize the two Casimir invariants $C_{1}$ and $C_{2}$ of the Lie algebra of the de Sitter group using the constraint given in the linearization of $C_{2}$ as input to linearize $C_{1}$. In this way we obtain an equation that we called \textbf{DHESS1,}which in previous studies by other authors was simply postulated.$.$Next we derive a wave equation (called \textbf{DHESS2}) for a free spin $1/2$ fermion in the de Sitter manifold using a heuristic argument which is an obvious generalization of a heuristic argument (described in detail in Appendix D) permitting a derivation of the Dirac equation in Minkowski spacetime and which shows that such famous equation express nothing more than the fact that the momentum of a free particle is a constant vector field over timelike \ integral curves of a given velocity field. It is a remarkable fact that \textbf{DHESS1}and \textbf{DHESS2}\ coincide. One of the main ingredients in our paper is the use of the concept of Dirac-Hestenes spinor fields. Appendices B and C recall this concept and its relation with covariant Dirac spinor fields usualy used by physicists.
description: This version contains a new appendix and improves the presentation of section 5
Is Less More? An Analysis of the Relationship between Congressional Productivity and Approval
Creators: name: Joshua Kasheri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Politics and government
United States. Congress

description: Congress has endured a notable decline in approval over the last two decades, with their approval ratings rarely exceeding thirty percent in that time. Although Congressional approval has fluctuated historically, this prolonged decline is alarming and warrants an investigation into the relationship between Congress and the public. This paper takes a quantitative approach in its investigation and uses data between 1992 and 2017 to both identify drivers of approval and gauge their respective degrees of influence over Congressional approval. The findings affirm Congress' passage of significant legislation as being an important driver of approval. Yet, they also identify variables like consumer sentiment, partisanship, and major events like September 11th as being additionally significant in shaping public opinion. While this paper provides an abundance of insight into the relationship between Congress and the public, as well as its evolution in recent decades, such a relationship is continuously evolving and therefore warrants continuous research.
Additional file 2: of Factors associated with lung cytology as obtained by non-endoscopic broncho-alveolar lavage in group-housed calves
Creators: name: Leenen, Katharina Van
name: Driessche, Laura Van
name: Lieze De Cremer
name: Gille, Linde
name: Masmeijer, Christien
name: Boyen, Filip
name: Deprez, Piet
name: Pardon, Bart
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S2. Descriptives of broncho-alveolar fluid cellular characteristics from 352 group-housed calves. (DOCX 37 kb)
Change in waist circumference with longer time in the United States among Hispanic and Chinese immigrants: the modifying role of the neighborhood built environment
Creators: name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Lê- Scherban, Félice
name: Shrager, Sandi
name: Kandula, Namratha R.
name: Albrecht, Sandra S.
name: Diez Roux, Ana V.
name: Osypuk, Theresa L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We examined whether living in neighborhoods supportive of healthier diets and more active lifestyles may buffer immigrants against the unhealthy weight gain that is purported to occur with longer length of US residence.
Additional file 1 of Safe and effective off-the-shelf immunotherapy based on CAR.CD123-NK cells for the treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia
Creators: name: Caruso, Simona
name: De Angelis, Biagio
name: Del Bufalo, Francesca
name: Ciccone, Roselia
name: Donsante, Samantha
name: Volpe, Gabriele
name: Manni, Simona
name: Guercio, Marika
name: Pezzella, Michele
name: Iaffaldano, Laura
name: Silvestris, Domenico Alessandro
name: Sinibaldi, Matilde
name: Di Cecca, Stefano
name: Pitisci, Angela
name: Velardi, Enrico
name: Merli, Pietro
name: Algeri, Mattia
name: Lodi, Mariachiara
name: Paganelli, Valeria
name: Serafini, Marta
name: Riminucci, Mara
name: Locatelli, Franco
name: Quintarelli, Concetta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Materials.
Liquid-liquid transition in a Bose fluid near collapse
Creators: name: Moroni, Saverio
name: Cinti, Fabio
name: Boninsegni, Massimo
name: Pellicane, Giuseppe
name: Prestipino, Santi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Discovering novel emergent behavior in quantum many-body systems is a main objective of contemporary research. In this paper, we explore the effects on phases and phase transitions of the proximity to a Ruelle-Fisher instability, marking the transition to a collapsed state. To accomplish this, we study by quantum Monte Carlo simulations a two-dimensional system of soft-core bosons interacting through an isotropic finite-ranged attraction, with a parameter $η$ describing its strength. If $η$ exceeds a characteristic value $η_c$, the thermodynamic limit is lost, as the system becomes unstable against collapse. We investigate the phase diagram of the model for $η\lesssimη_c$, finding -- in addition to a liquid-vapor transition -- a first-order transition between two liquid phases. Upon cooling, the high-density liquid turns superfluid, possibly above the vapor-liquid-liquid triple temperature. As $η$ approaches $η_c$, the stability region of the high-density liquid is shifted to increasingly higher densities, a behavior at variance with distinguishable quantum or classical particles. Finally, for $η$ larger than $η_c$ our simulations yield evidence of collapse of the low-temperature fluid for any density; the collapsed system forms a circular cluster whose radius is insensitive to the number of particles.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Measuring the Spin Polarization of a Ferromagnet: an Application of Time-Reversal Invariant Topological Superconductor
Creators: name: Yan, Zhongbo
name: Wan, Shaolong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin polarization (SP) of the ferromagnet (FM) is a quantity of fundamental importance in spintronics. In this work, we propose a quasi-one-dimensional junction structure composed of a FM and a time-reversal invariant topological superconductor (TRITS) with un-spin-polarized pairing type to determine the SP of the FM. We find that due to the topological property of the TRITS, the zero-bias conductance (ZBC) of the FM/TRITS junction which is directly related to the SP is a non-quantized but topological quantity. The ZBC only depends on the parameters of the FM, it is independent of the interface scattering potential and the Fermi surface mismatch between the FM and the superconductor, and is robust against to the magnetic proximity effect, therefore, compared to the traditional FM/$s$-wave superconductor junction, the topological property of the ZBC makes this setup a much more direct and simplified way to determine the SP.
description: 11 pages, 1 figures
Macroscale Simulation of Tensile Test of Expandable Tubular Steel Using Crystal Plasticity FEM
Creators: Al-Abri, Omar S
Pervez, Tasneem
Qamar, Sayyad Zahid
al-Jahwari, Farooq K
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

Conference Abstract. Part of the Proceedings of the Canadian Society for Mechanical Engineering International Congress 2022.
Elucidating the driving forces behind UHRF1 TTD-PHD binding to the histone 3 tail
Creators: name: Dumais, Ryan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The ubiquitin-like, containing PHD and ring finger domains 1 (UHRF1) reader protein has been characterized as a “universal biomarker” of cancer, as its overexpression has been associated with DNA hypermethylation and tumorigenesis. The dual-domain reader protein consists of a tandem tutor domain (TTD) and a plant homeodomain (PHD) connected by a short linker. On the histone 3 tail, the PHD domain binds to unmodified arginine at position 2, and the TTD domain binds to trimethylated lysine (Kme3) at position 9 (H3K9me3) through an aromatic cage configuration that is highly conserved among reader proteins. Binding in aromatic cages is typically driven by cation-π interactions, but recent reports unexpectedly show that the dual-domain UHRF1 protein binds to tert-butyl norleucine (tBuNle), a neutral isostere of Kme3, with equal affinity. To investigate the driving forces of binding in this system, electrostatic tunability studies were conducted by using Genetic Code Expansion (GCE) to mutate one of the residues forming the aromatic cage with para-substituted phenylalanine derivatives varying in electrostatic potential. Isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) was then used to measure changes in binding affinity and enthalpies of binding between each of the dual-domain UHRF1 variants and the two H3 tail peptides containing Kme3 or tBuNle at position 9 of histone 3. Our results show no correlation between free energy of binding and electrostatic potential, hydrophobicity, or polarizability of the aromatic portion of the phenylalanine derivatives, indicating that interactions within the aromatic cage of the TTD domain do not drive binding. To conclusively determine whether the PHD domain is responsible for binding, future experiments mutating residues within the PHD domain to disrupt acidic contacts with arginine 2 on histone 3 must be performed.
Additional file 1 of High vaccine effectiveness against severe COVID-19 in the elderly in Finland before and after the emergence of Omicron
Creators: name: Baum, Ulrike
name: Poukka, Eero
name: Leino, Tuija
name: Kilpi, Terhi
name: Nohynek, Hanna
name: Palmu, Arto A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Highly predisposing comorbidities or medical therapies. Table S2. Moderately predisposing comorbidities or medical therapies. Table S3. Enrollment of the study cohort. Table S4. Distribution of baseline characteristics. Table S5. Number of days until first dose. Table S6. Number of COVID-19-related hospital admissions by vaccine, dose and days since last vaccination. Table S7. Number of COVID-19-related ICU admissions by vaccine, dose and days since last vaccination. Table S8. VE against COVID-19-related hospital admission. Table S9. VE against COVID-19-related ICU admission. Table S10. VE against COVID-19-related hospital admission by age group. Table S11. VE against COVID-19-related hospital admission by presence of comorbidities. Table S12. VE against COVID-19-related hospital admission in 2021 Q4, i.e., between October 1 and December 31. Table S13. VE against COVID-19-related hospital admission in 2022 Q1, i.e., between January 1 and March 31. Table S14. Negative control outcome analysis. Figure S1. Distribution of SARS-CoV-2 variants by calendar month. Figure S2. Distribution of exposure states by calendar month. Figure S3. Number of cases by calendar month. Figure S4. Cumulative hazard of COVID-19-related hospital admission between December 27, 2020, to March 31, 2022 by calendar time in days and by vaccine, dose and days since last vaccination. Figure S5. Cumulative hazard of negative control outcome.
Data quality from a longitudinal study of adolescent health at schools near industrial livestock facilities
Creators: name: Gray, Christine L.
name: Hall, Devon
name: Guidry, Virginia T.
name: Wing, Steve
name: Lowman, Amy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Longitudinal designs enable examination of temporal relationships between exposures and health outcomes, but extended participation can cause study fatigue. We present an approach for analyzing data quality and study fatigue in a participatory, longitudinal study of adolescents.
Pre-conceptual staging trade-offs of reusable launch vehicles
Creators: name:  D.C. GUILLERMO JOAQUIN
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: SPACE
REUSABILITY
REUSABLE LAUNCH VEHICLE

description: Reusable launch systems have revolutionised the space transportation industry during the last decade, rising interest towards recovery strategies, advanced guidance, navigation and control (GNC) and novel propulsion systems. The established success from Falcon 9 (SpaceX) played a pivotal role for many private companies and space agencies, pushing them to invest consistent resources in reusable launch vehicles (RLV), oriented on recovery for both main and upper stages. In this perspective, many tools for conceptual design are currently under development in order to include recovery scenarios in the design cycles and assess the suitability of different options in early development phases. In this study, a novel pre-conceptual methodology for the design of reusable main stages based on optimal staging, structural index curves and rocket engine characteristics is introduced. The approach can serve to develop initial guesses and bounds for further detailed RLV sizing. It extends conventional launcher design methodologies, based on optimal staging with velocity budgets, to reusable trajectories with recovery hardware. This is used for a conceptual analysis of the suitability of design alternatives in terms of performance and parametric cost metrics, including different recovery solutions based on VTVL and VTHL rocket concepts. The study also explores the differences in using hydrogen, methane and kerosene as fuel. The results show the importance of modelling the recovery propellant and a sensitivity to the number of expected reuses for cost optimal designs differing from minimum take off mass solutions. Although it provides fast results which can be suitable to initialize the conceptual design of RLVs, its validity is limited as a consequence of the difficulty in capturing the impact of the design parameters on the gravitational and aerodynamic velocity losses, and its results have to be carefully used in order to avoid local optimums. Nevertheless, it may be adequate to initialize further studies. Particularly, the velocity analysis discipline can produce initial guesses for detailed trajectory optimization, and the optimal staging routine for Multi-disciplinary Design Analysis and Optimization (MDAO) assessments. The performed trade-offs will be further complemented with future detailed studies on structural design and high fidelity MDAO.
Potential Risk Factors for Concussion in Volleyball; High-Velocity Attacks and Head Exposures
Creators: name: Ronnie Holevas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: Brain--Concussion
Volleyball injuries

description: Context: There are 3.8 million concussions a year in the United States from sports and physical activity. The concussion rate in collegiate volleyball players is 5% with the majority of these occurring as a result of contact with the equipment (the ball).4, It has been determined that the average speed of a volleyball kill in elite-level college volleyball is 50-70 mph.5

Objective: This study analyzed the opportunities created during a volleyball match that could result in head impacts with the ball and lead to a concussion. 

Methods: Using VolleyMetrics, a software that offers videos of volleyball matches, 48 Mid-season ACC volleyball games (20 in 2016 and 28 in 2022) were coded to record high-velocity kills, head impacts in front-row and back-row players, and occurrences when the front-row player’s heads were over the net during blocking. Data were collected to answer if there were differences between 2016 and 2022 in the percentage of high-velocity attacks, the percentage of heads over the net, and the number of heads hit as well as in which rows. 

Results: A Kruskal Wallis H Test through SPSS Version 29 concluded that there was not a significant difference in the percentage of high-velocity attacks and the percentage of heads over the net in 2016 and 2022. The average percentage of high-velocity attacks was 59.21%. There was an average of 250 attacks a game from the 48 games analyzed, therefore, 148 of the 250 attacks would be deemed high-velocity. This is 148 times there is an opportunity for a concussion to occur.

Conclusion: Although the difference between time periods was not significant, the incidence rates for hits to the head might explain the number of concussions that are seen in volleyball. For front-row players, the overall incidence rate of ball hits to the head was 6.8 per every 1000 exposures. There was an increase in the incidence rate of back row players hit in the head from 1.7 per every 1000 exposures in 2016 to 4.6 per every 1000 exposures in 2022. While we are unable to determine if these impacts to the head with the ball resulting in a concussion, the incidence of head hits is concerning as they may lead to injury.
MOESM1 of The effect of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of glyphosate onto ferrihydrite
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo
name: Anizelli, Pedro
name: Mauro, Eduardo
name: Valezi, Daniel
name: Costa, Antonio
name: Cássia Zaia
name: Zaia, Dimas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Molecular structures of glyphosate at different pHs. pk1 = 2.0; pk2 = 2.6;pk3 = 5.6;pk4 = 10.6 [62].
Dietary flavonoid intake and Barrett's esophagus in western Washington State
Creators: name: He, Ka
name: Engel, Lawrence S.
name: Risch, Harvey A.
name: Vaughan, Thomas L.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Flavonoids, concentrated in fruits and vegetables, demonstrate in experimental studies chemopreventive properties in relation to Barrett's esophagus (BE), a precursor lesion for esophageal adenocarcinoma. One case-control investigation reported an inverse association between isoflavone intake and odds of BE, yet no epidemiologic study has considered other flavonoid classes, which are more commonly consumed by Americans.
MOESM2 of The effect of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of glyphosate onto ferrihydrite
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo
name: Anizelli, Pedro
name: Mauro, Eduardo
name: Valezi, Daniel
name: Costa, Antonio
name: Cássia Zaia
name: Zaia, Dimas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. EPR spectra of ferrihydrite (———) and glyphosate adsorbed onto ferrihydrite in the presence of 0.01 (———) and 0.10 (———) mol L−1 of NaCl.
Do all components of the metabolic syndrome cluster together in U.S. Hispanics/Latinos? Results from the Hispanic Community Health study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Roesch, Scott C.
name: Heiss, Gerardo
name: Castaneda, Sheila F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Metabolic syndrome (MetS), the clustering of several risk factors for cardiovascular disease, is highly prevalent in Hispanics/Latinos. We tested whether all components significantly loaded on the syndrome in Hispanics/Latinos and whether their contribution differed by sex and Hispanic ancestry. We also examined associations of metabolic syndrome with prevalent diabetes and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Hispanics/Latinos.
Enhancement of tunneling density of states at a Y junction of spin-1/2 Tomonaga Luttinger liquid wires
Creators: name: Mardanya, Sougata
name: Agarwal, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the tunneling density of states (TDOS) in a three wire junction of interacting spin-1/2 electrons, and find an anomalous enhancement of the TDOS in the zero bias limit, even for repulsive interactions for several bosonic fixed points. This enhancement is physically related to the reflection of holes from the junction for incident electrons, and it occurs only in the vicinity of the junction ($x < v_{\rm min}/2ω$ where $v_{\rm min}$ is the minimum of the velocity of charge or spin excitations and $ω$ is the bias frequency), crossing over to the bulk value which is always suppressed, at larger distances. The TDOS exponent can be directly probed in a STM experiment by measuring the differential tunneling conductance as a function of either the bias voltage or temperature as done in C. Blumenstein et al. Nature Physics 7, 776 (2011).
description: 10 pages, 3 figures and 2 tables; final version; to appear in PRB
MOESM3 of The effect of pH and ionic strength on the adsorption of glyphosate onto ferrihydrite
Creators: name: Pereira, Rodrigo
name: Anizelli, Pedro
name: Mauro, Eduardo
name: Valezi, Daniel
name: Costa, Antonio
name: Cássia Zaia
name: Zaia, Dimas
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Adsorption kinetic of glyphosate onto ferrihydrite in a 0.10 mol L−1 NaCl solution and pH 5.0, at 307.6 K.
A nonperturbative method for the Yang Mills Lagrangian
Creators: name: Jora, Renata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the properties of the partition function for a Yang Mills theory we compute simple relations among the renormalization constants. In the particular case of the background gauge field method we obtain that the all orders beta function for the gauge coupling constant contains only the first two orders coefficients different than zero and thus corresponds to the 't Hooft scheme.
description: typos fixed, minor corrections
There's no place like home, unless you are a stay-at-home mother
Creators: name: Martindale, Aja
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: The home is conceptualized as both social and spatial, and as such, it plays a large role in how stay-at-home mothers experience motherhood. The majority of prior research focuses on either the social processes or the spatial dimensions which leave mothers feeling lonely, overwhelmed, and resentful. This study combines both to reveal how the home and patriarchal ideologies of motherhood work together to isolate, subordinate, and control stay-at-home mothers. Semi-structured interviews of twenty mothers who stayed at home for at least a year to care for their child/ren were conducted to capture what role the home played in these mothers’ experience of motherhood. The mothers in this study experienced persistent loneliness throughout their tenure at home even though they engaged in opportunities for social interaction through mommy groups. And due to the unequal amount of time spent in the home between parents, mothers often assumed the lion share of the caregiving duties even when their partner was present; although, a handful of mothers employed various tactics to reverse this phenomenon. Their success, however, greatly depended on a cooperative partner.
Enrollment factors and bias of disease prevalence estimates in administrative claims data
Creators: name: Logie, John
name: Cook, Suzanne F.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Jensen, Elizabeth T.
name: Brookhart, Maurice Alan
name: Dellon, Evan S.
name: Allen, Jeffery K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Considerations for using administrative claims data in research have not been well-described. To increase awareness of how enrollment factors and insurance benefit use may contribute to observed estimates, we evaluated how differences in operational definitions of the cohort impacted estimates of disease prevalence.
Exploring racial differences in the obesity gender gap
Creators: name: Seamans, Marissa J.
name: Cole, Stephen R.
name: LaVeist, Thomas A.
name: Robinson, Whitney R.
name: Thorpe, Roland J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To investigate whether the gender gap in obesity prevalence is greater among US Blacks than Whites in a study designed to account for racial differences in socioeconomic and environmental conditions.
The Effectiveness of Dyslexia Interventions: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Flores-Reyes, Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Dyslexia afflicts roughly 20 % of the population in the United States regardless of
intellectual capability, age, gender, and educational opportunities. Over the years the literature on
the causes and deficits of dyslexia have expanded, which have brought about different
subcategorizations of dyslexia, theoretical frameworks, and interventions. However, even with
the advent increase of literature on dyslexia, there is a sparce number of systematic reviews on
interventions for dyslexia. In this systematic review, 19 intervention studies on dyslexia were
collected and reviewed. This study extracted the following: the types of empirically studied
interventions for dyslexia, the target populations receiving interventions for dyslexia, and the
extent to which these interventions are effective at improving reading and spelling outcomes.
Ultimately, this study found that there was a noticeable lack of research on dyslexia within the
United States and interventions for adults with dyslexia. Research on dyslexia has been
predominantly focused upon on young children as an initiative towards early intervention,
however this may unintentionally lead to the adult population being over-looked when designing
and evaluating interventions.
RLV-Return Mode In-Air-Capturing and Definition of its Development Roadmap
Creators: name:  M. SIPPEL
name:   S. SINGH
name:   S. STAPPERT
Publisher: name: Proceedings of  the 9th European Conference for Aerospace Sciences. Lille, France, 27 June - 1 July, 2022
Year: 2022
Subjects: REUSABLE SYSTEMS
SPACE ACCESS
FALCON

description: The innovative approach for the return of reusable space transportation vehicles has been recently refined in the EC-funded H2020-project FALCon. Winged stages are to be caught in the air and towed by subsonic airplanes back to their launch site without any necessity of an own propulsion system. This patented procedure is called in-air-capturing a special form of mid-air retrieval. A systematic assessment of different RLV-return and recovery options demonstrates that in-air-capturing offers the best performance [1] and at the same time minimum environmental footprint for all medium to large launch systems. The project FALCon (Formation flight for in-Air Launcher 1st stage Capturing demonstration) funded in Horizon 2020 and running since 2019 has achieved significant progress. A dedicated session at the EUCASS 2022 is proposed with a total of 5 technical presentations. This paper serves as an introduction into the topic, summarizes system aspects of the launcher performance improvement and explains the structure of the FALCon-project. Main part of the paper is the definition of the next steps for the technical development roadmap. This activity has always been planned in cooperation with the European stakeholders from industry, agencies and research organizations [1]. Originally the exchange had been planned to be organized in two in-person workshops. However, this approach could not be maintained due to severe meeting restrictions because of the CoViD19 pandemic situation. Thus, an online workshop had been organized in February 2021 with a broad participation from Europe. Different to a personal meeting, the subsequent discussions including experts external to the project were organized in several smaller splinter group meetings some time later. These meetings were focused on several subtopics: Launcher System Avionics/GNC Operations Flight Testing The outcome and results of those splinter meetings will be summarized as well as the final discussions with the experts following the second meeting in April 2022 after the dedicated VKI-Lecture. The iterated technology development roadmaps considering the recommendations from the splinter meetings are included in the paper. References: 1. Sippel, M.; Stappert, S.; Bussler, L; Krause, S.; Cain, S.; Espuch, J.; Buckingham, S.; Penev, V.: Highly Efficient RLV-Return Mode In-Air-Capturing Progressing by Preparation of Subscale Flight Tests, 8th EUROPEAN CONFERENCE FOR AERONAUTICS AND SPACE SCIENCES (EUCASS), Madrid July 2019
DOC enrichment modulates symbiont density and microbial diversity in the temperate coral, Oculina arbuscula
Creators: name: Johnson, Emma
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2023

description: Nearshore coral health is highly influenced by the influx of anthropogenically sourced nutrients into coastal waterways. Excess dissolved organic carbon (DOC) enrichment can weaken the coral-algal symbiosis, resulting in coral stress and bleaching. Recent studies hypothesized that the proliferation of nitrogen-fixing bacteria (diazotrophs) within the coral holobiont plays a crucial role in the maintenance, or contrastingly, the destabilization of the coral-algal symbiosis. Here, we quantify the effects of DOC enrichment on symbiont density, calcification rates, and algal and microbial diversity in the temperate coral, Oculina arbuscula, by exposing symbiotic and aposymbiotic coral fragments to 0, 5, 10, and 20 ppm concentrations of DOC. In fragments exposed to elevated DOC concentrations, we observed reduced symbiont density and calcification rates, and decreases in microbial diversity and a greater relative abundance of diazotrophs. These findings support the hypothesis that DOC enrichment contributes to coral stress and reiterates the importance of reducing nutrient inputs into coastal waterways to protect coral reef ecosystems.
Genetic polymorphisms in DNA repair and oxidative stress pathways may modify the association between body size and postmenopausal breast cancer
Creators: name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Ambrosone, Christine B.
name: Ahn, Jiyoung
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Cleveland, Rebecca J.
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Rossner, Pavel
name: Eng, Sybil M.
name: McCullough, Lauren E.
name: Steck, Susan E.
name: Crew, Katherine D.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Shen, Jing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Obesity is associated with increased bioavailability of estrogen, hyperinsulemia and chronic inflammation, all of which may promote tumor growth. Given DNA repair and oxidative stress pathways may work together with these mechanisms to influence carcinogenesis, we hypothesized that genetic variation in these pathways may modify the obesity-postmenopausal breast cancer association.
Additional file 2: of A complex health services intervention to improve medical care in long-term care homes: study protocol of the controlled coordinated medical care (CoCare) study
Creators: name: BrĂźhmann, Boris
name: Reese, Christina
name: Kaier, Klaus
name: Ott, Margrit
name: Maurer, Christoph
name: Kunert, Simone
name: Saurer, Bruno
name: Farin, Erik
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Interview guide focus groupâ   medical staff. (PDF 78 kb)
Polyunsaturated fatty acid interactions and breast cancer incidence: a population-based case-control study on Long Island, New York
Creators: name: Shen, Jing
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Ahsan, Habibul
name: Bradshaw, Patrick T.
name: Steck, Susan E.
name: He, Ka
name: Khankari, Nikhil K.
name: Chen, Yu
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Ahn, Jiyoung
name: Santella, Regina M.
name: Olshan, Andrew F.
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Experimental studies demonstrate that ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) inhibit inflammatory eicosanoids generated by ω-6 PUFAs. Epidemiologic studies on dietary ω-3 PUFA intake show consistent inverse associations with breast cancer incidence among Asian populations, where ω-3, relative to ω-6, intake is high. In contrast, associations are inconsistent among Western populations, where intake of ω-3, relative to ω-6, intake is low. We hypothesized that examining interactions between ω-3 and ω-6 would help elucidate the PUFA-breast cancer association in the U.S.
Preterm birth and long-term maternal cardiovascular health
Creators: name: Oken, Emily
name: Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L.
name: Rich-Edwards, Janet W.
name: Perng, Wei
name: Stuart, Jennifer
name: Stuebe, Alison
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To investigate whether preterm birth (PTB) is associated with greater cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in a longitudinal cohort.
Primordial black holes in non-minimal Gauss-Bonnet inflation in light of the PTA data
Creators: name: Solbi, Milad
name: Karami, Kayoomars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Here, we investigate the formation of primordial black holes (PBHs) in non-minimal coupling Gauss-Bonnet inflationary model in the presence of power-law potentials. We employ a two part coupling function to enhance primordial curvatures at small scales as well as satisfy Planck measurements at the CMB scale. Moreover, our model satisfies the swampland criteria. We find PBHs with different mass scales and demonstrate that PBHs with masses around $\mathcal{O}(10^{-14})M_{\odot}$ can account for almost all of the dark matter in the universe. In addition, we investigate the implications of the reheating stage and show that the PBHs in our model are generated during the radiation-dominated era. Furthermore, we investigate the production of scalar-induced gravitational waves (GWs). More interestingly enough is that, for the specific cases $D_{\rm n}$ in our model, the GWs can be considered as a source of PTA signal. %evaluate the idea that the induced GWs propagating concurrently with the PBH production are the source of NANOGrav signal. Also, we conclude that the GWs energy density parameter at the nano-Hz regime can be parameterized as $Ω_{\rm GW_0} (f) \sim f^{5-γ}$, where the obtained $γ$ is consistent with the PTA Observations.
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, 5 tables
Psychosocial stress is associated with obesity and diet quality in Hispanic/Latino adults
Creators: name: Jung, Molly M.
name: Sotres-Alvarez, Daniela
name: Gallo, Linda C.
name: Schneiderman, Neil
name: Birnbaum-Weitzman, Orit
name: Parrinello, Christina M.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Isasi, Carmen R.
name: Espinoza, Rebeca A.
name: Perreira, Krista M.
name: Penedo, Frank J.
name: Van Horn, Linda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: To examine the association of psychosocial stress with obesity, adiposity, and dietary intake in a diverse sample of Hispanic/Latino adults.
Planck constraints on inflation in auxiliary vector modified $f(R)$ theories
Creators: name: Ozkan, Mehmet
name: Pang, Yi
name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the universal $α$-attractor models of inflation can be realized by including an auxiliary vector field $A_μ$ for the Starobinsky model with the Lagrangian $f(R)=R+R^2/(6M^2)$. If the same procedure is applied to general modified $f(R)$ theories in which the Ricci scalar $R$ is replaced by $R+A_μ A^μ+β\nabla_μA^μ$ with constant $β$, we obtain the Brans-Dicke theory with a scalar potential and the Brans-Dicke parameter $ω_{\rm BD}=β^2/4$. We also place observational constraints on inflationary models based on auxiliary vector modified $f(R)$ theories from the latest Planck measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies in both temperature and polarization. In the modified Starobinsky model, we find that the parameter $β$ is constrained to be $β<25$ (68\,\%\,confidence level) from the bounds of the scalar spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
MOESM4 of Perceptions of the impact of disability and impairment on health, quality of life and capability
Creators: name: Bray, Nathan
name: Edwards, Rhiannon
name: Squires, Luke
name: Morrison, Valerie
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Individual item score proportions (%) on the B-IPQ (mobility impairment scenario). This table shows perceived individual item scores on the B-IPQ for a hypothetical state of mobility impairment.