cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Atomic Fermi gas in the trimerized Kagomé lattice at the filling 2/3
Creators: name: Damski, B.
name: Everts, H. -U.
name: Honecker, A.
name: Fehrmann, H.
name: Santos, L.
name: Lewenstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study low temperature properties of an atomic spinless interacting Fermi gas in the trimerized Kagomé lattice for the case of two fermions per trimer. The system is described by a quantum spin 1/2 model on the triangular lattice with couplings depending on bonds directions. Using exact diagonalizations we show that the system exhibits non-standard properties of a {\it quantum spin-liquid crystal}, combining a planar antiferromagnetic order with an exceptionally large number of low energy excitations.
description: 4 pages & 4 figures + 2 tables, better version of Fig. 2
Dynamical state for 964 galaxy clusters from Chandra X-ray images
Creators: name: Yuan, Z. S.
name: Han, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamical state of galaxy clusters describes if clusters are relaxed dynamically or in a merging process of subclusters. By using archival images from the Chandra X-ray Observatory, we derive a set of parameters to describe the dynamical state for 964 galaxy clusters. Three widely used indicators for dynamical state, the concentration index c, the centroid shift omega and the power ratio P3/P0 are calculated in the circular central region with a radius of 500 kpc. We also derive two adaptive parameters, the profile parameter kappa and the asymmetry factor alpha, in the best fitted elliptical region. The morphology index delta is then defined by combining these two adaptive parameters, which indicates the dynamical state of galaxy clusters and has good correlations to the concentration index c, the centroid shift omega, the power ratio P3/P0, and the optical relaxation factor Gamma. For a large sample of clusters, the dynamical parameters are continuously distributed from the disturbed to relaxed states with a peak in the between, rather than the bimodal distribution for the two states. We find that the newly derived morphology index delta works for the similar fundamental plane between the radio power, cluster mass and the dynamical state for clusters with diffuse radio giant-halos and mini-halos. The offset between masses estimated from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect and X-ray images depends on dynamical parameters. All dynamical parameters for galaxy clusters derived from the Chandra archival images are available on http://zmtt.bao.ac.cn/galaxy_clusters/dyXimages/.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted August 2, 2020 for publication in MNRAS
A Magnetic and Moessbauer Spectral Study of Core/Shell Structured Fe/Au Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Cho, Sung-Jin
name: Shahin, Ahmed M.
name: Long, Gary J.
name: Davies, Joseph E.
name: Liu, Kai
name: Grandjean, Fernande
name: Kauzlarich, Susan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fe/Au nanoparticles have been chemically synthesized through a reverse micelle reaction and investigated by both conventional and synchrotron based x-ray diffraction and by magnetic and Moessbauer spectral studies. The powder x-ray diffraction patterns reveal both the presence of crystalline alpha-iron and gold and the absence of any crystalline iron oxides or other crystalline products. First-order reversal curves, along with the major hysteresis loops of the Fe/Au nanoparticles have been measured as a function of time in order to investigate the evolution of their magnetic properties. The iron-57 Moessbauer spectra of both uncoated iron nanoparticles and the Fe/Au nanoparticles have been measured at 78 and 295 K and indicate that two major iron containing components are present, namely the expected alpha-iron and the unexpected amorphous Fe1-xBx alloy; several poorly crystallized ordered iron(III) oxide components as well as paramagnetic iron(II) and iron(III) components are also observed. These results indicate that the Fe-core/Au-shell nanoparticles synthesized through reverse micelles are far more complex that had been believed.
description: 31 pages, 1 table, 8 figures, to appear in Chemistry of Materials
Electrical detection of the inverse Edelstein effect on the surface of SmB$_6$
Creators: name: Kim, Jehyun
name: Jang, Chaun
name: Wang, Xiangfeng
name: Paglione, Johnpierre
name: Hong, Seokmin
name: Sayed, Shehrin
name: Chun, Dongwon
name: Kim, Dohun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of spin current induced charge accumulation, the inverse Edelstein effect (IEE), on the surface of a candidate topological Kondo insulator SmB6 single crystal. Robust surface conduction channel of SmB6 has been shown to exhibit large degree of spin-momentum locking, and spin polarized current through an external ferromagnetic contact induces the spin dependent charge accumulation on the surface of SmB6. The dependences of the IEE signal on the bias current, an external magnetic field direction and temperature are consistent with the anticlockwise spin texture for the surface band in SmB6 in the momentum space, and the direction and magnitude of the effect compared with the normal Edelstein signal are clearly explained by the Onsager reciprocal relation. Furthermore, we estimate spin-to-charge conversion efficiency, the IEE length, as 4.46 nm that is an order of magnitude larger than the efficiency found in other typical Rashba interfaces, implying that the Rashba contribution to the IEE signal could be small. Building upon existing reports on the surface charge and spin conduction nature on this material, our results provide additional evidence that the surface of SmB6 supports spin polarized conduction channel.
description: 5 figures
Quality-Equivalent and Cost Adjusted Measurement of International Competitiveness In Japanese Rice Markets
Creators: name: Ito, Shoichi
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Agcaoili-Sombilla, Mercedita C.
name: Ito, Shoichi
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Agcaoili-Sombilla, Mercedita C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: In this research, the quality of foreign japonica rices was evaluated in terms of prices relative to Japanese domestic retail prices. Then, retail prices, consumer benefit, and competitiveness among the foreign rices in the Japanese market were estimated assuming those rices were imported at prices based on their production and transportation costs. According to the results, rices produced in China are quite superior to rices grown in the United States. Further, a 700 percent of tariff, which was discussed in the GATT negotiation and assumed to be imposed on rices imported to Japan, appears to be too low for Chinese rices and too high for American rices.
Relativistic Quantum Dynamics: A non-traditional perspective on space, time, particles, fields, and action-at-a-distance
Creators: name: Stefanovich, Eugene V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This book is an attempt to build a consistent relativistic quantum theory of interacting particles. In the first part of the book "Quantum electrodynamics" we follow rather traditional approach to particle physics. Our discussion proceeds systematically from the principle of relativity and postulates of quantum measurements to the renormalization in quantum electrodynamics. In the second part of the book "Quantum theory of particles" this traditional approach is reexamined. We find that formulas of special relativity should be modified to take into account particle interactions. We also suggest reinterpreting quantum field theory in the language of physical "dressed" particles. This formulation eliminates the need for renormalization and opens up a new way for studying dynamical and bound state properties of quantum interacting systems. The developed theory is applied to realistic physical objects and processes including the energy spectrum of the hydrogen atom, the decay law of moving unstable particles, and the electric field of relativistic electron beams. These results force us to take a fresh look at some core issues of modern particle theories, in particular, the Minkowski space-time unification, the role of quantum fields and renormalization as well as the alleged impossibility of action-at-a-distance. A new perspective on these issues is suggested. It can help to solve the old problem of theoretical physics -- a consistent unification of relativity and quantum mechanics.
description: book, 839 pages, 64 figures, 22 tables, 330 references; v3 - book was totally rewritten; v11 - major additions; v12 - renormalization in QED; v14 - Lamb shift; v15 - neutrinos; v16 - Frascati experiment
Zayat, Habib: Histoire de Saidanaya
Creators: name: Graf, G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 30 Nr. 2 (1933): Oriens christianus, Band 30, Heft 2
Local Organizations For Natural Resource Management: Lessons From Theoretical and Empirical Literature
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Lise Nordvig
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
name: Rasmussen, Lise Nordvig
name: Meinzen-Dick, Ruth Suseela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The sustainability of natural resource management depends not only on appropriate technology and prices, but also upon the institutions involved in resource management at the local level. Heavy state involvement in natural resource management has been justified based on the prevalence of market failures, notably the positive and negative externalities and the strategic importance of the resources. Policies of devolving management responsibility from the state to users have become increasingly widespread in response to the performance deficiencies of government agencies, the fiscal crisis of the state, and broader policies of decentralization. The success of these policies depends upon the local capacity for collective action, but the factors that encourage or inhibit the collective action are insufficiently understood. This discussion paper aims to identify factors which condition local organization for resource management. It draws upon a review of two major bodies of literature: empirical analyses of forestry, fisheries, grazing, and irrigation management, and game theory literature. The empirical literature on resource management highlights the physical and technical characteristics of the resource, the characteristics of the group of users, and the attributes of institutional arrangements as key factors affecting the management capacity of local organizations. Simplistic game theory has often been used to predict a "tragedy of the commons" for natural resources, but more refined versions provide insights into the role of communication, group size, time horizons, trust, and social norms in supporting collective action. The evidence on voluntary organization indicates that collective management is often a viable alternative to nationalization or privatization of natural resources. Although local organizations will not be able to solve every collective action problem, in many situations they could be at least as effective as other management agencies. Knowledge of the factors which condition local organization should be used to develop policies to support local organizations for natural resource management.
PRDM9 Diversity, Recombination Landscapes and Childhood Leukaemia
Creators: name: Ihthisham Ali
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: PR/SET domain 9 (PRDM9) protein is a potent selector of meiotic recombination activation sites via DNA sequence recognition and is known to be highly polymorphic in the critical Zinc Finger (ZnF) array. This diversity can influence the recombination landscape and translate into genome-wide differences between major population groups. PRDM9 variation has also been implicated in genomic instability in cancer. To investigate a potential link between rare PRDM9 alleles and elevated ancestral recombination rates in the Major Histocompatibility Complex II (MHCII) region associated with childhood Acute Lymphoblastic Leukaemia (ALL) in a British cohort, two sub-regions were targeted using sperm-typing methods. This revealed that the DNA3 hotspot is PRDM9 A-regulated, whilst the African-enriched AA hotspot is activated by rare C-type (Ct) alleles containing Ktype ZnFs. However, the latter may not be as active as historical population estimates indicate, or unsampled PRDM9 alleles may activate this hotspot more efficiently. Screening for Ct alleles and other K-ZnF containing alleles in the British ALL cohort provided potential links with PRDM9, though not strong support for previous work. Investigation of other candidate genome-wide associated markers indicated a link with FIGNL-1, a protein complex involved in homologous recombination, which was supported by an independent German cohort.A large Next-Generation Sequencing (NGS) dataset including rarely sampled populations was used for PRDM9 allele discovery, along with a comparison study on the capabilities of NGS platforms to characterise the long PRDM9 ZnF arrays. The Illumina 100bp paired-end read format was useful for filtering known alleles but de novo assembly was unable to resolve ZnF array structure. Ion Torrent 400bp read data provided only incremental improvement over 200bp reads. Finally, nanopore sequencing showed promising results although improved basecalling and read mapping methods as well as de novo assembly would be required to displace Sanger as the definitive method for ZnF array structure characterisation.
Effects of Economic Interactions on Credit Risk
Creators: name: Hatchett, J. P. L.
name: Kuehn, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Risk Management (q-fin.RM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study a credit risk model which captures effects of economic interactions on a firm's default probability. Economic interactions are represented as a functionally defined graph, and the existence of both cooperative, and competitive, business relations is taken into account. We provide an analytic solution of the model in a limit where the number of business relations of each company is large, but the overall fraction of the economy with which a given company interacts may be small. While the effects of economic interactions are relatively weak in typical (most probable) scenarios, they are pronounced in situations of economic stress, and thus lead to a substantial fattening of the tails of loss distributions in large loan portfolios. This manifests itself in a pronounced enhancement of the Value at Risk computed for interacting economies in comparison with their non-interacting counterparts.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures
Impact of the Structural Adjustment Program on Agricultural Production and Resource Use in Egypt
Creators: name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
name: Perez, Nicostrato D.
name: Siam, Gamal
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
name: Hazell, Peter B.R.
name: Perez, Nicostrato D.
name: Siam, Gamal
name: Soliman, Ibrahim
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: This paper uses an agricultural sector model to evaluate the effects of an ambitious and ongoing policy reform program on agricultural production and resource use in Egypt. The results show that Egypt has already gained from the policy reforms, but that much larger gains depend on increased exports of high value crops. Water is found to be emerging as an important constraint on agriculture, and it will be essential to establish more effective institutional and pricing mechanisms to encourage greater water use efficiency in the future. Because many of the new lands compete with the more productive lands of the Nile delta for water, the economic return to the development of new lands is also found to be low. The policy reforms are not likely to lead to substantial increases in agricultural employment, even if exports of high value crops could be increased. However, the model results also show that more employment intensive strategies could be designed that would involve little sacrifice in economic efficiency.
Determinants of Solar Home Systems Adoption among Riverine Island Dwellers: A Case Study of Sirajganj District in Bangladesh
Creators: name: Rana, Md. Rasel
name: Rahman, Habibur
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 380201
subject: Cross-sectional analysis

description: ABSTRACT
Purpose: This study aims to identify the determinants of solar home systems adoption among riverine island dwellers, focusing on the Sirajganj district in Bangladesh.
Methodology: The research, based on a comprehensive survey of 200 households, utilized logistic regression analysis and descriptive statistics.
Findings: The study finds that ‘education of the household head’, ‘access to credit’, and ‘monthly household income’ significantly affected solar home systems adoption at different level of significance. Factors leading to adopt solar home systems included lack of electricity access, focus on energy security, and cost savings, along with access to loans or installments and community connections. Conversely, non-adopters faced barriers such as perceived high initial costs, lack of installment facilities, and insufficient awareness.
Practical Implications: The study highlights the importance of credit accessibility, educational background, and household income in promoting solar home systems adoption. Policymakers and stakeholders can use these insights to tailor interventions addressing specific determinants and encourage widespread adoption.
Limitations: The study's limitations include its small sample size and potential regional variations. Further research is recommended to validate and extend these findings across diverse geographical settings.
Originality/Value: This research provides valuable new insights into promoting sustainable energy initiatives in similar contexts.
Cause vs. Effect in Context-Sensitive Prediction of Business Process Instances
Creators: name: Brunk, Jens
name: Stierle, Matthias
name: Papke, Leon
name: Revoredo, Kate
name: Matzner, Martin
name: Becker, Jörg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predicting undesirable events during the execution of a business process instance provides the process participants with an opportunity to intervene and keep the process aligned with its goals. Few approaches for tackling this challenge consider a multi-perspective view, where the flow perspective of the process is combined with its surrounding context. Given the many sources of data in today's world, context can vary widely and have various meanings. This paper addresses the issue of context being cause or effect of the next event and its impact on next event prediction. We leverage previous work on probabilistic models to develop a Dynamic Bayesian Network technique. Probabilistic models are considered comprehensible and they allow the end-user and his or her understanding of the domain to be involved in the prediction. Our technique models context attributes that have either a cause or effect relationship towards the event. We evaluate our technique with two real-life data sets and benchmark it with other techniques from the field of predictive process monitoring. The results show that our solution achieves superior prediction results if context information is correctly introduced into the model.
Robust Emergent Activity in Dynamical Networks
Creators: name: Sinha, Sitabhra
name: Sinha, Sudeshna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of a random weighted network with complex nonlinear dynamics at each node, whose activity may cease as a result of interactions with other nodes. Starting from a knowledge of the micro-level behaviour at each node, we develop a macroscopic description of the system in terms of the statistical features of the subnetwork of active nodes. We find the asymptotic characteristics of this subnetwork to be remarkably robust: the size of the active set is independent of the total number of nodes in the network, and the average degree of the active nodes is independent of both the network size and its connectivity. These results suggest that very different networks evolve to active subnetworks with the same characteristic features. This has strong implications for dynamical networks observed in the natural world, notably the existence of a characteristic range of links per species across ecological systems.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Appendix 2. (end). Central sagging of a giant mafic intrusion: the Ediacaran Sept Îles Layered Intrusion (Québec, Canada)
Creators: name: O. Bolle
name: H. Diot
name: W. Fransen
name: M.D. Higgins
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 2. (end).
Comparing approaches to evaluate group mind/body programs for individuals living with chronic illness : considerations of theory and methods
Creators: name: Pope, Alison Sandra Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objective: To explore what can be known about the relationship between mind/body in the processes of health and wellness using the positivistic tradition of Western medical research, and to compare this to what can be known by utilizing research methods with a non-positivistic, qualitative epistemology. An evaluation of a group mind/body program provided a case example by comparing findings gained using standardized health outcome measures with in-depth qualitative interviews to assess participant experiences. Methods: A clinical trial was undertaken as a feasibility study. Forty clients of the Tzu Chi Institute were assigned to the intervention or control group on a first-come-firstserved basis. All participants were receiving individualized care with practitioners at the Tzu Chi Institute clinic. Participants in the intervention group also experienced an 8 week, 50 hour meditation-based Mind/Body Program. Questionnaires were administered at 3 and 6 months post-program and included measures of health status, quality of wellbeing and social support. Thirteen in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with participants of the Mind/Body Program. Findings: The social functioning scale of the SF-36 Health Status Survey was the only significant change found using a repeated measures analysis of variance. On the other hand, the qualitative analysis revealed these individuals engaged in a process of personal growth that led to improved well-being. The theme of these findings entitled ' A Process of Transforming Well-Being' captured the way participants moved through several stages of personal growth. Conclusion and Implications: Efforts at understanding the benefits of mind/body interventions have not paid sufficient attention to the important subjective experiences of participants related to working through their 'inner process' and self-discovery. Traditional assumptions regarding the nature of 'positive' change, the assumption that positive change is necessarily linear, and the reliance on changes in short-term physical and psychological symptoms as indicators of the value of a successful intervention of this nature are questioned. Further, it was demonstrated that physical symptoms may not have the direct relationship to well-being that the questionnaires assume. The need to begin to understand the 'process' of a healing experience as opposed to emphasizing the assessment of health 'outcome' was noted.
Semiflow selection to models of general compressible viscous fluids
Creators: name: Basarić, Danica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove the existence of a semiflow selection with range the space of càglàd, i.e. left--continuous and having right--hand limits functions defined on $[0,\infty)$ and taking values in a Hilbert space. Afterwards, we apply this abstract result to the system arising from a compressible viscous fluid with a barotropic pressure of the type $a\varrho^γ$, $γ\geq 1$, with a viscous stress tensor being a nonlinear function of the symmetric velocity gradient.
Total Factor Productivity and Sources of Long-term Growth in Indian Agriculture
Creators: name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Evenson, Robert E.
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Evenson, Robert E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: International Development

description: This paper assesses total factor productivity (TFP) growth in India, examines the sources of productivity growth, including public and private investment, and estimates the rates of return to public investments in agriculture. The results show that significant TFP growth in the Indian crops sector was produced by investments -- primarily in research -- but also in extension, markets, and irrigation. The high rates of return, particularly to public agricultural research and extension, indicate that the Government of India is not over investing in agricultural research and investment, but rather that current levels of public investment could be profitably expanded.
Appendix 2. (continued 2). Central sagging of a giant mafic intrusion: the Ediacaran Sept Îles Layered Intrusion (Québec, Canada)
Creators: name: O. Bolle
name: H. Diot
name: W. Fransen
name: M.D. Higgins
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 2. (continued 2).
What does the Marked Power Spectrum Measure? Insights from Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Philcox, Oliver H. E.
name: Massara, Elena
name: Spergel, David N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The marked power spectrum is capable of placing far tighter constraints on cosmological parameters (particularly the neutrino mass) than the conventional power spectrum. What new information does it contain beyond conventional statistics? Through the development of a perturbative model, we find that the mark induces a significant coupling between non-Gaussianities, which are usually found on small scales, and large scales, leading to the additional information content. The model is derived in the context of one-loop perturbation theory and validated by comparison to $N$-body simulations across a variety of mark parameters. At moderate redshifts, including for massive neutrino cosmologies, the theory is in good agreement with the simulations. The importance of non-linear gravitational effects on the large-scale spectra complicates the modeling as there is no well-defined convergence radius of the theory at low $z$. Extension to higher perturbative order and biased tracers is possible via a similar approach, and a simple model of the latter is shown to yield promising results. The theory becomes non-perturbative at redshift zero for small smoothing scales, with important contributions from higher-order terms: these will need to be studied before the full power of this tool can be realized.
description: 16+8 pages, 8 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. D
Reforming Water Allocation Policy Through Markets in Tradable Water Rights: Lessons From Chile, Mexico, and California
Creators: name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Gazmuri, Renato S.
name: Rosegrant, Mark W.
name: Gazmuri, Renato S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Increasing water scarcity, rising costs of irrigation subsidies, and general economic liberalization are creating strong incentives for comprehensive water reform with establishment of tradable water rights and the development of markets in these rights. Experiences in Chile, Mexico, and California indicate that water allocation through markets in tradable water rights offers a viable approach to improving the efficiency of water allocation, and should receive serious consideration from developing country policy makers. Laws establishing tradable rights should be simple and comprehensive, should clearly define the characteristics of water rights and the conditions and regulations governing the trade of water rights; should establish and implement water rights registers; delineate the roles of the government, institutions, and individuals involved in water allocation and the ways of solving conflicts between them; and provide cost-effective protection against negative third party and environmental effects which can arise from water trades
The Impact of Technical Change in Agriculture on Human Fertility: District-level Evidence From India
Creators: name: Vosti, Stephen A.
name: Witcover, Julie
name: Lipton, Michael
name: Vosti, Stephen A.
name: Witcover, Julie
name: Lipton, Michael
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: foster development, both of which were expected to create "breathing space" for achieving demographic transitions in developing countries through lowered human fertility. Little comprehensive research, however, has been done on the effects of those technologies themselves on human fertility -- leaving unanswered the question of whether particular types of agricultural technologies were actually increasing, or decreasing, this demographic "breathing space." This paper uses District-level data from rural India on agricultural change (from 1961 to 1981) and changes in human fertility (from 1971 to 1981) to assess the impact of the former on the latter, with particular emphasis on high yielding (HYV) Green Revolution technologies. Modifying a conceptual framework derived from theory on the determinants of fertility, and estimating a reduced form model that explicitly accounts for endogeneity of real wage growth, we find that, while socio-cultural and demographic factors were the strongest determinants of fertility change: a) Green Revolution and related technologies did have an impact on fertility change; b) that the magnitude and direction of this impact was technology specific; and c) that the impact was only partially due to the effect of the new technologies on changes in real wage growth. Rapid real wage growth was significantly associated with more rapid subsequent fertility decline. Even controlling for real wage growth effects explained by HYV technologies, HYV-technology-specific impacts on human fertility declines persisted: greater diffusion of both wheat and rice HYV led to faster fertility declines, while greater diffusion of bajra HYV led to smaller fertility declines. The study confirms the overwhelming importance of socio-cultural and demographic variables such as female literacy and marriage rates in determining fertility change, and finds a fertility-promoting role of high initial (1961) levels (not growth) of per capita cereal calorie production -- perhaps an indication of the low nutritional levels prevalent at that time in the sample. Policy implications are drawn, including the need to continue to develop sustainable agricultural technologies appropriate to developing areas, but with more attention paid to their human fertility consequences, so that compensating policies can be implemented, if needed.
Economic valuation of the impacts of climate change in agriculture in Europe
Creators: name: Quiroga, Sonia
name: Iglesias, Ana
name: Quiroga, Sonia
name: Iglesias, Ana
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: agriculture
subject: climate change
subject: computable general equilibrium models

description: The objective of this study is to provide a European assessment of the potential effects of climate change on agricultural crop production computing monetary estimates of these impacts for the European agricultural sector. The future scenarios incorporate socio economic projections derived from several SRES scenarios and climate projections obtained from global climate models and regional climate models. The quantitative results are based simulations using the GTAP general equilibrium models system that includes all relevant economic activities. The estimated changes in the exports and imports of agricultural goods, value of GDP and crop prices under the climate and socio-economic scenarios show significant regional differences between northern and southern European countries. The patterns are positive effects except on Mediterranean countries. The most important increases seem to concern the continental region, where the productivity increases enlarge GDP more intensively due to the importance of agricultural sector in the region. The monetary estimates also show that in all cases uncertainty derived from socio-economic scenarios has a larger effect than the ones derived from climate scenarios.
Numerical Estimation of Agricultural Supply Functions - A Micro Economic Approach based on Mathematical Programming
Creators: name: Rasmussen, Svend
name: Damgaard, Martin
name: Rasmussen, Svend
name: Damgaard, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Cost function
subject: linear programming
subject: economies of scale
subject: agricultural sector models
subject: production frontier

description: This paper describes a cost function approach to modelling production and resource use at the level of the individual farm firm. The procedure for deriving the supply function using mathematical programming under fairly general condition of a convex input set is shown, and the model is demonstrated. It is suggested that the model is used as the basic building block in agricultural sector models, the advantage being that the technology is modelled as a production frontier providing better opportunities for modelling input and output substitution.
Could carbon payments be a solution to deforestation? Empirical evidence from Indonesia
Creators: name: Seeberg-Elverfeldt, Christina
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
name: Seeberg-Elverfeldt, Christina
name: Schwarze, Stefan
name: Zeller, Manfred
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Payments for Environmental Services
subject: Avoided Deforestation
subject: Linear Programming

description: Up to 25 percent of all anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions are caused by deforestation, and Indonesia is the third largest emitter worldwide due to land use change and deforestation. On the island of Sulawesi in the vicinity of the Lore Lindu National Park, smallholders contribute to conversion processes at the forest margin as a result of their agricultural practices. Specifically the area dedicated to cocoa plantations has increased from zero in 1979 to nearly 18,000 hectares in 2001. Some of these plots have been established inside the 220,000 hectares of the National Park. An intensification process is observed with a consequent reduction of the shade tree density. This study focuses on the impact of carbon sequestration payments for forest management systems on smallholder households. The level of incentives is determined which motivates farmers to desist from further deforestation and land use intensification activities. Household behaviour and resource allocation is analysed with a comparative static linear programming model. As these models prove to be a reliable tool for policy analysis, the output can indicate the adjustments in resource allocation and land use shifts when introducing compensation payments. The data was collected in a household survey in six villages around the Lore Lindu National Park. Four household categories were identified according to their dominant agroforestry systems. With carbon credit prices up to €32 tCO2e-1 an incentive can be provided for the majority of the households to adopt the more sustainable shade intensive agroforestry systems. The results show that with current carbon prices the deforestation activities of the majority of households could be stopped. A win-win situation seems to appear, whereby, when targeting only the shade intensive agroforestry systems with carbon payments, the poorest households economically benefit the most, the vicious circle of deforestation can be interrupted and land use systems with high environmental benefits are promoted.
Promoting Floriculture Using VAT Regulation
Creators: name: Bunte, Frank H.J.
name: Lugt, J. Van Der
name: Kuiper, W. Erno
name: Bunte, Frank H.J.
name: Lugt, J. Van Der
name: Kuiper, W. Erno
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Flowers and plants
subject: Economic policy evaluation
subject: Value Added Tax (VAT)

description: In twelve EU countries, the lower VAT-tariff is applied to flowers and plants in order to promote the production and employment in floriculture. This paper assesses whether the VAT-regulation for flowers and plants achieves the goals set – promoting consumer demand and production and employment in the ornamental supply chain - (effectiveness) and at what cost (efficiency). The empirical results show that the VAT-regulation for floriculture is effective, but not very efficient.
The Completed SDSS-IV extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey: measurement of the BAO and growth rate of structure of the luminous red galaxy sample from the anisotropic correlation function between redshifts 0.6 and 1
Creators: name: Bautista, Julian E.
name: Paviot, Romain
name: Magaña, Mariana Vargas
name: de la Torre, Sylvain
name: Fromenteau, Sebastien
name: Gil-Marín, Hector
name: Ross, Ashley J.
name: Burtin, Etienne
name: Dawson, Kyle S.
name: Hou, Jiamin
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: de Mattia, Arnaud
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Rossi, Graziano
name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Zhao, Cheng
name: Zhao, Gong-Bo
name: Alam, Shadab
name: Brownstein, Joel
name: Chapman, Michael J.
name: Choi, Peter D.
name: Chuang, Chia-Hsun
name: Escoffier, Stéphanie
name: de la Macorra, Axel
name: Bourboux, Hélion du Mas des
name: Mohammad, Faizan G.
name: Moon, Jeongin
name: Müller, Eva-Maria
name: Nadathur, Seshadri
name: Newman, Jeffrey A.
name: Schneider, Donald
name: Seo, Hee-Jong
name: Wang, Yuting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the cosmological analysis of the configuration-space anisotropic clustering in the completed Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV (SDSS-IV) extended Baryon Oscillation Spectroscopic Survey (eBOSS) DR16 galaxy sample. This sample consists of luminous red galaxies (LRGs) spanning the redshift range $0.6 < z < 1$, at an effective redshift of $z_{\rm eff}=0.698$. It combines 174 816 eBOSS LRGs and 202 642 BOSS CMASS galaxies. We extract and model the baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and redshift-space distortions (RSD) features from the galaxy two-point correlation function to infer geometrical and dynamical cosmological constraints. The adopted methodology is extensively tested on a set of realistic simulations. The correlations between the inferred parameters from the BAO and full-shape correlation function analyses are estimated. This allows us to derive joint constraints on the three cosmological parameter combinations: $D_M(z)/r_d$, $D_H(z)/r_d$ and $fσ_8(z)$, where $D_M$ is the comoving angular diameter distance, $D_H$ is Hubble distance, $r_d$ is the comoving BAO scale, $f$ is the linear growth rate of structure, and $σ_8$ is the amplitude of linear matter perturbations. After combining the results with those from the parallel power spectrum analysis of Gil-Marin et al. 2020, we obtain the constraints: $D_M/r_d = 17.65 \pm 0.30$, $D_H/r_d = 19.77 \pm 0.47$, $fσ_8 = 0.473 \pm 0.044$. These measurements are consistent with a flat $Λ$CDM model with standard gravity.
description: 29 pages, 21 figures. Matches accepted version after minor modifications. A summary of all SDSS BAO and RSD measurements with accompanying legacy figures can be found here: https://www.sdss.org/science/final-bao-and-rsd-measurements The full cosmological interpretation of these measurements can be found here: https://www.sdss.org/science/cosmology-results-from-eboss/
Appendix 2. Equal-area projections (lower hemispheres) of the AMS principal axes (individual measurements and mean orientations). Central sagging of a giant mafic intrusion: the Ediacaran Sept Îles Layered Intrusion (Québec, Canada)
Creators: name: O. Bolle
name: H. Diot
name: W. Fransen
name: M.D. Higgins
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 2. Equal-area projections (lower hemispheres) of the AMS principal axes (individual measurements and mean orientations).
Accelerator Measurements of the Askaryan effect in Rock Salt: A Roadmap Toward Teraton Underground Neutrino Detectors
Creators: name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Saltzberg, D.
name: Field, R. C.
name: Guillian, E.
name: Milincic, R.
name: Walz, D.
name: Williams, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on further SLAC measurements of the Askaryan effect: coherent radio emission from charge asymmetry in electromagnetic cascades. We used synthetic rock salt as the dielectric medium, with cascades produced by GeV bremsstrahlung photons at the Final Focus Test Beam. We extend our prior discovery measurements to a wider range of parameter space and explore the effect in a dielectric medium of great potential interest to large scale ultra-high energy neutrino detectors: rock salt (halite), which occurs naturally in high purity formations containing in many cases hundreds of cubic km of water-equivalent mass. We observed strong coherent pulsed radio emission over a frequency band from 0.2-15 GHz. A grid of embedded dual-polarization antennas was used to confirm the high degree of linear polarization and track the change of direction of the electric-field vector with azimuth around the shower. Coherence was observed over 4 orders of magnitude of shower energy. The frequency dependence of the radiation was tested over two orders of magnitude of UHF and microwave frequencies. We have also made the first observations of coherent transition radiation from the Askaryan charge excess, and the result agrees well with theoretical predictions. Based on these results we have performed a detailed and conservative simulation of a realistic GZK neutrino telescope array within a salt-dome, and we find it capable of detecting 10 or more contained events per year from even the most conservative GZK neutrino models.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Galaxy evolution studies in clusters: the case of Cl0024+1652 cluster galaxies at z$\sim$0.4
Creators: name: Beyoro-Amado, Zeleke
name: {E-Mail
name: :
name: com}, zbamado@gmail.
name: Pović, Mirjana
name: Sánchez-Portal, Miguel
name: Tessema, Solomon Belay
name: Getachew-Woreta, Tilahun
name: team, the GLACE
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studying the transformation of cluster galaxies contributes a lot to have a clear picture of evolution of the universe. Towards that we are studying different properties (morphology, star formation, AGN contribution and metallicity) of galaxies in clusters up to $z\sim1.0$ taking three different clusters: ZwCl0024+1652 at $z\sim0.4$, RXJ1257+4738 at $z\sim0.9$ and Virgo at $z\sim0.0038$. For ZwCl0024+1652 and RXJ1257+4738 clusters we used tunable filters data from GLACE survey taken with GTC 10.4 m telescope and other public data, while for Virgo we used public data. We did the morphological classification of 180 galaxies in ZwCl0024+1652 using galSVM, where 54\% and 46\% of galaxies were classified as early-type (ET) and late-type (LT) respectively. We did a comparison between the three clusters within the clustercentric distance of 1Mpc and found that ET proportion (decreasing with redshift) dominates over the LT (increasing with redshift) throughout. We finalized the data reduction for ZwCl0024+1652 cluster and identified 46 [OIII] and 73 H$β$ emission lines. For this cluster we have classified 22 emission line galaxies (ELGs) using BPT-NII diagnostic diagram resulting with 14 composite, 1 AGN and 7 star forming (SF) galaxies. We are using these results, together with the public data, for further analysis of the variations of properties in relation to redshift within $z<1.0$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; Proceedings paper of the IAU symposium 356 "Nuclear Activity in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time" (Ethiopia) accepted to be published under the Cambridge University Press, eds. M. Povic, P. Marziani, J. Masegosa, H. Netzer, S. H. Negu, and S. B. Tessema
Appendix 1. Analytical methods. Central sagging of a giant mafic intrusion: the Ediacaran Sept Îles Layered Intrusion (Québec, Canada)
Creators: name: O. Bolle
name: H. Diot
name: W. Fransen
name: M.D. Higgins
Publisher: name: Geological Society of London
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Appendix 1. Analytical methods.
The late start of the mean velocity overlap layer at $y^+=\mathcal{O}(10^3)$ -- A generic feature of ducted turbulent flows
Creators: name: Monkewitz, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the key observations in the Princeton Superpipe was the late start of the logarithmic mean velocity overlap layer at a wall distance of the order of $10^3$ inner units. Between $y^+\approx 150$, the start of the overlap layer in zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers, and $y^+\approx 10^3$, the Superpipe profile is modeled equally well by a power law or a log-law with a larger slope than in the overlap layer. In this paper it is shown that the mean velocity profile in turbulent plane channel flow exhibits analogous characteristics, namely a sudden decrease of logarithmic slope (increase of $κ$) at a $y^+_{\mathrm{break}}\approx 600$, which marks the start of the actual overlap layer. This demonstration results from the first construction of the complete inner and outer asymptotic expansions up to order $\mathcal{O}(\mathrm{Re}_τ)^{-1}$ from mean velocity profiles of direct numerical simulations (DNS) at moderate Reynolds numbers. A preliminary analysis of a Couette flow DNS, on the other hand, yields an increase of logarithmic slope (decrease of $κ$) at a $y^+_{\mathrm{break}}\approx 400$. The correlation between the sign of the slope change and the flow symmetry motivates the hypothesis that the breakpoint between the possibly universal short inner logarithmic region and the actual overlap log-law corresponds to the penetration depth of large-scale turbulent structures originating from the opposite wall.
description: submitted to Journal of Fluid Mechanics