cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Empirical Calibration of the Helium Abundance in HII Regions based in Literature and CALIFA Survey data
Creators: name: Valerdi, M.
name: Barrera-Ballesteros, J. K.
name: Sánchez, S. F.
name: Espinosa-Ponce, C.
name: Carigi, L.
name: Mejía-Narváez, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Helium is the second most common chemical species in the Universe. The study of helium abundance has the potential to unravel the chemical evolution of and within galaxies. In this study, we provide an empirical calibration for the singly ionized helium abundance: $12+\log_{10}({\rm He}^+/{\rm H}^+)$, based on the emission line flux ratio He$_{\lambda5876}$/H$α$ from Galactic and extragalactic HII regions compiled from the literature. Based on this calibrator, we explore for the first time the helium abundance in a large sample of HII regions located in galaxies representative of the nearby Universe from the CALIFA survey. Furthermore, this calibrator allows us to explore the variations of the helium abundance with respect to the oxygen abundance. The observed trends are in agreement with a change in the chemical enrichment with mass/oxygen abundance similar to the one observed due to the inside-out model in a MW-galaxy (highlighting the connection between resolved and global trends in galaxies). Our calibrator provides an empirical proxy to estimate the helium abundance at kpc scales as well as to constrain chemical evolutionary models.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. This paper has been accepted in MNRAS
Neutrino number asymmetry and cosmological birefringence
Creators: name: Geng, C. Q.
name: Ho, S. H.
name: Ng, J. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a new type of effective interactions in terms of the $CPT$-even dimension-six Chern-Simons-like term, which could originate from superstring theory, to generate the cosmological birefringence. We use the neutrino number asymmetry to induce a sizable rotation polarization angle in the data of the cosmic microwave background radiation polarization. The combined effect of the new term and the neutrino asymmetry provides an alternative way to understand the birefringence.
description: 8 pages, version to be published in JCAP
Fano-like Anti-resonances in Nanomechanical and Optomechanical Systems
Creators: name: Rodrigues, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a resonator coupled to a generic detector and calculate the noise spectra of the two sub-systems. We describe the coupled system by a closed, linear, set of Langevin equations and derive a general form for the finite frequency noise of both the resonator and the detector. The resonator spectrum is the well-known thermal form with an effective damping, frequency shift and diffusion term. In contrast, the detector noise shows a rather striking Fano-like resonance, i.e. there is a resonance at the renormalized frequency, and an anti-resonance at the bare resonator frequency. As examples of this effect, we calculate the spectrum of a normal state single electron transistor coupled capacitively to a resonator and of a cavity coupled parametrically to a resonator.
description: 5 pages
Next generation IEEE 802.11 Wireless Local Area Networks: Current status, future directions and open challenges
Creators: name: Bellalta, Boris
name: Bononi, Luciano
name: Bruno, Raffaele
name: Kassler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: new generation of Wireless Local Area Networks (WLANs) will make its appearance in the market in the forthcoming years based on the amendments to the IEEE 802.11 standards that have recently been approved or are under development. Examples of the most expected ones are IEEE 802.11aa (Robust Audio Video Transport Streaming), IEEE 802.11ac (Very-high throughput at < 6 GHz), IEEE 802.11af (TV White Spaces) and IEEE 802.11ah (Machine-to-Machine communications) specifications. The aim of this survey is to provide a comprehensive overview of these novel technical features and the related open technical challenges that will drive the future WLAN evolution. In contrast to other IEEE 802.11 surveys, this is a use case oriented study. Specifically, we first describe the three key scenarios in which next-generation WLANs will have to operate. We then review the most relevant amendments for each of these use cases focusing on the additional functionalities and the new technologies they include, such as multi-user MIMO techniques, groupcast communications, dynamic channel bonding, spectrum databases and channel sensing, enhanced power saving mechanisms and efficient small data transmissions. We also discuss the related work to highlight the key issues that must still be addressed. Finally, we review emerging trends that can influence the design of future WLANs, with special focus on software-defined MACs and the internet-working with cellular systems.
Data-Driven Surrogates of Rotating Detonation Engine Physics with Neural ODEs and High-Speed Camera Footage
Creators: name: Koch, James
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interacting multi-scale physics present in the Rotating Detonation Engine lead to diverse nonlinear dynamical behavior, including combustion wave mode-locking, modulation, and bifurcations. In this work, surrogate models of the RDE physics, including combustion, injection, and mixing, are sought that can reproduce the observed behavior through their interactions. These surrogate models are constructed and trained within the context of Neural ODEs evolving through the latent representation of the waves: the traveling wave coordinate $ξ= x - ct + a$. Shown is that the multi-scale nature of the physics can be successfully separated and analyzed separately, providing valuable insight into the fundamental physical processes of the RDE.
Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau particles in the presence of the spiral dislocation
Creators: name: Hassanabadi, S.
name: Zare, S.
name: Lütfüoğlu, B. C.
name: Kříž, J.
name: Hassanabadi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study, we investigated the influence of the topological defects space-time with a spiral dislocation on a spin-zero boson field by using the Duffin-Kemmer-Petiau (DKP) equation. To be more specific, we solved the generalized spin-zero DKP equation in the presence of a spiral dislocation exactly. We derived the wave function and corresponding energy eigenvalues for two cases, in the absence and presence of a static potential by using analytical methods. We numerically demonstrated the effect of the spiral dislocation on the solutions.
description: 14 Pages, 4 figures
Smart Rehabilitation: Leveraging Technology for Enhanced Geriatric Care
Creators: name: Dr. Disha Monsara
Publisher: name: Physiotrends
Year: 2024

description: Geriatric rehabilitation involves a collaborative procedure between a medical professional and  patients with the goal of preserving or regaining optimal function in multiple domains of life.  New methods for assisting geriatric rehabilitation are provided by Internet of Things  (IoT)-based technologies.

Such technologies may facilitate easy and real-time data communication between healthcare  providers to support the delivery of care, in addition to providing tools for measuring and  monitoring health issues. The elderly population may benefit significantly from Internet of  Things (IoT) technologies that guarantee efficient and equitable rehabilitation. Example of  IoT are Bio stamp and Ambient sensor devices.
TAKAFUL OPERATSIYALARINI AMALGA OSHIRISH MODELLARI VA ULARNING TARTIBI
Creators: name: Usmanov, Nematjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Maqolada takaful bozori, unda amalga oshiriladigan operatsiyalar, an’anaviy sug‘urta xizmatlaridan farqli jihatlar, takaful operatsiyalarini amalga oshirish modellari, ularning mohiyati va tartibi haqida so’z boradi.
Two-loop amplitudes for di-Higgs and di-pseudo-Higgs productions through quark annihilation in QCD
Creators: name: Ahmed, Taushif
name: Ravindran, V.
name: Sankar, Aparna
name: Tiwari, Surabhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through this article, we present the two-loop massless QCD corrections to the production of di-Higgs and di-pseudo-Higgs boson through quark annihilation in the large top quark mass limit. Within dimensional regularisation, we employ the non-anticommuting $γ_5$ and treat it under the Larin prescription. We discover the absence of any additional renormalisation, so-called contact renormalisation, that could arise from the short distance behaviour of two local operators. This finding is in corroboration with the operator product expansion. By examining the results, we discover the lack of similarity in the highest transcendentality weight terms between these finite remainders and that of a pair of half-BPS primary operators in maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory. We need these newly computed finite remainders to calculate observables involving di-Higgs or di-pseudo-Higgs at the next-to-next-to-leading order. We implement the results to a numerical code for further phenomenological studies.
description: 24 pages, 4 figures
First-order phase transformation at constant volume: a continuous transition?
Creators: name: Correa, V. F.
name: Castro, F. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a first-order phase transition of a simple system in a process where the volume is kept constant. We show that, unlike what happens when the pressure is constant, (i) the transformation extends over a finite temperature (and pressure) range, (ii) each and every extensive potential (internal energy $U$, enthalpy $H$, Helmholtz energy $F$ and Gibbs energy $G$), and the entropy $S$, is continuous across the transition, and (iii) the constant-volume heat capacity does not diverge during the transition, only exhibits discrete jumps. These non-intuitive results highlight the importance of controlling the correct variables in order to distinguish between continuous and discontinuous transitions. Additionally, they provide a didactic tool to further discuss the phase transitions phenomena. We apply our results to describe the transition between ice VI and liquid water using thermodynamic information available in the literature.
description: 23 pages, 11 figures
Mapping the landscape of biocuration – where are the biocurators and what do they need?
Creators: name: Holinski, Alexandra
name: Burke, Melissa
name: Morgan, Sarah
name: McQuilton, Peter
name: Palagi, Patricia
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: These slides were presented as part of a workshop on ‘Mapping the landscape of biocuration’ at the Biocuration 2019 conference. This work forms part of an ELIXIR Implementation Study. The slides are a summary of the preliminary analysis of a survey conducted by ELIXIR and the International Society of Biocuration which was designed to map the landscape of biocuration, the resources and tools used, and the training that is available and required.
The analysis includes 166 responses collected between 4 March - 22 March 2019. The slides outline: who we surveyed; what they do; which tools/resources they use; their training experience and needs, and future directions for the study.
The session concluded with a post-it note based activity to encourage discussion and feedback on topics related to the landscape of biocuration work and training.
The workshop also included sessions on listing resources in FAIRsharing (doi: 10.7490/f1000research.1116785.1) and indexing training in ELIXIR’s TeSS portal (doi: 10.7490/f1000research.1116784.1).
Sentinel-1 Additive Noise Removal from Cross-Polarization Extra-Wide TOPSAR with Dynamic Least-Squares
Creators: name: Lee, Peter Q.
name: Xu, Linlin
name: Clausi, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Sentinel-1 is a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) platform with an operational mode called extra wide (EW) that offers large regions of ocean areas to be observed. A major issue with EW images is that the cross-polarized HV and VH channels have prominent additive noise patterns relative to low backscatter intensity, which disrupts tasks that require manual or automated interpretation. The European Space Agency (ESA) provides a method for removing the additive noise pattern by means of lookup tables, but applying them directly produces unsatisfactory results because characteristics of the noise still remain. Furthermore, evidence suggests that the magnitude of the additive noise dynamically depends on factors that are not considered by the ESA estimated noise field. To address these issues we propose a quadratic objective function to model the mis-scale of the provided noise field on an image. We consider a linear denoising model that re-scales the noise field for each subswath, whose parameters are found from a least-squares solution over the objective function. This method greatly reduces the presence of additive noise while not requiring a set of training images, is robust to heterogeneity in images, dynamically estimates parameters for each image, and finds parameters using a closed-form solution. Two experiments were performed to validate the proposed method. The first experiment simulated noise removal on a set of RADARSAT-2 images with noise fields artificially imposed on them. The second experiment conducted noise removal on a set of Sentinel-1 images taken over the five oceans. Afterwards, quality of the noise removal was evaluated based on the appearance of open-water. The two experiments indicate that the proposed method marks an improvement both visually and through numerical measures.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Hole spin relaxation in $p$-type GaAs quantum wires
Creators: name: Lü, C.
name: Zülicke, U.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spin relaxation of $p$-type GaAs quantum wires by numerically solving the fully microscopic kinetic spin Bloch equations. We find that the quantum-wire size influences the spin relaxation time effectively by modulating the energy spectrum and the heavy-hole--light-hole mixing of wire states. The effects of quantum-wire size, temperature, hole density, and initial polarization are investigated in detail. We show that, depending on the situation, the spin relaxation time can either increase or decrease with hole density. Due to the different subband structure and effects arising from spin-orbit coupling, many spin-relaxation properties are quite different from those of holes in the bulk or in quantum wells, and the inter-subband scattering makes a marked contribution to the spin relaxation.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, Phys. Rev. B 78, 2008, in press
Resonant Tunneling through double-bended Graphene Nanoribbons
Creators: name: Zhang, Z. Z.
name: Chang, Kai
name: Chan, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically resonant tunneling through double-bended graphene nanoribbon structures, i.e., armchair-edged graphene nanoribbons (AGNRs) in between two semi-infinite zigzag graphene nanoribbon (ZGNR) leads. Our numerical results demonstrate that the resonant tunneling can be tuned dramatically by the Fermi energy and the length and/or widths of the AGNR for both the metallic and semiconductor-like AGNRs. The structure can also be use to control the valley polarization of the tunneling currents and could be useful for potential application in valleytronics devices.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Radiation-constrained algorithms for Wireless Energy Transfer in Ad hoc Networks
Creators: name: Nikoletseas, Sotiris
name: Raptis, Theofanis P.
name: Raptopoulos, Christoforos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the problem of efficiently charging a set of rechargeable nodes using a set of wireless chargers, under safety constraints on the electromagnetic radiation incurred. In particular, we define a new charging model that greatly differs from existing models in that it takes into account real technology restrictions of the chargers and nodes of the network, mainly regarding energy limitations. Our model also introduces non-linear constraints (in the time domain), that radically change the nature of the computational problems we consider. In this charging model, we present and study the Low Radiation Efficient Charging Problem (LREC), in which we wish to optimize the amount of "useful" energy transferred from chargers to nodes (under constraints on the maximum level of imposed radiation). We present several fundamental properties of this problem and provide indications of its hardness. Finally, we propose an iterative local improvement heuristic for LREC, which runs in polynomial time and we evaluate its performance via simulation. Our algorithm decouples the computation of the objective function from the computation of the maximum radiation and also does not depend on the exact formula used for the computation of the electromagnetic radiation in each point of the network, achieving good trade-offs between charging efficiency and radiation control; it also exhibits good energy balance properties. We provide extensive simulation results supporting our claims and theoretical results.
Angular harmonic Hall voltage and magnetoresistance measurements of Pt/FeCoB and Pt-Ti/FeCoB bilayers for spin Hall conductivity determination
Creators: name: Skowroński, Witold
name: Grochot, Krzysztof
name: Rzeszut, Piotr
name: Łazarski, Stanisław
name: Gajoch, Grzegorz
name: Worek, Cezary
name: Kanak, Jarosław
name: Stobiecki, Tomasz
name: Langer, Jürgen
name: Ocker, Berthold
name: Vafaee, Mehran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Materials with significant spin-orbit coupling enable efficient spin-to-charge interconversion, which can be utilized in novel spin electronic devices. A number of elements, mainly heavy-metals (HM) have been identified to produce a sizable spin current ($j_\mathrm{s}$), while supplied with a charge current ($j$), detected mainly in the neighbouring ferromagnetic (FM) layer. Apart from the spin Hall angle $θ_\mathrm{SH}$ = $j_\mathrm{s}$/$j$, spin Hall conductivity ($σ_\mathrm{SH}$) is an important parameter, which takes also the resistivity of the material into account. In this work, we present a measurement protocol of the HM/FM bilayers, which enables for a precise $σ_\mathrm{SH}$ determination. Static transport measurements, including resistivity and magnetization measurements are accompanied by the angular harmonic Hall voltage analysis in a dedicated low-noise rotating probe station. Dynamic characterization includes effective magnetization and magnetization damping measurement, which enable HM/FM interface absorption calculation. We validate the measurement protocol in Pt and Pt-Ti underlayers in contact with FeCoB and present the $σ_\mathrm{SH}$ of up to 3.3$\times$10$^5$ S/m, which exceeds the values typically measured in other HM, such as W or Ta.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE Transaction on Electron Devices
The algebraic and geometric classification of nilpotent right alternative algebras
Creators: name: Ismailov, Nurlan
name: Kaygorodov, Ivan
name: Mustafa, Manat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present algebraic and geometric classifications of the $4$-dimensional complex nilpotent right alternative algebras. Specifically, we find that, up to isomorphism, there are only $9$ non-isomorphic nontrivial nilpotent right alternative algebras. The corresponding geometric variety has dimension $13$ and it is determined by the Zariski closure of $4$ rigid algebras and one one-parametric family of algebras.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1903.08997, arXiv:2101.07375, arXiv:1812.01442
Oscillations of the large-scale circulation in turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection: the off-center mode and its relationship with the torsional mode
Creators: name: Zhou, Quan
name: Xi, Heng-Dong
name: Zhou, Sheng-Qi
name: Sun, Chao
name: Xia, Ke-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an experimental study of the large-scale circulation (LSC) in a turbulent Rayleigh-Bénard convection cell with aspect ratio unity. The temperature-extremum-extraction (TEE) method for obtaining the dynamic information of the LSC is presented. With this method, the azimuthal angular positions of the hot ascending and cold descending flows along the sidewall are identified from the measured instantaneous azimuthal temperature profile. The motion of the LSC is then decomposed into two different modes: the azimuthal mode and the translational or off-center mode. Comparing to the previous sinusoidal-fitting (SF) method, it is found that both methods give the same information about the azimuthal motion of the LSC, but the TEE method in addition can provide information about the off-center motion of the LSC, which is found to oscillate time-periodically around the cell's central vertical axis with an amplitude being nearly independent of the turbulent intensity. It is further found that the azimuthal angular positions of the hot ascending flow near the bottom plate and the cold descending flow near the top plate oscillate periodically out of phase by $π$, leading to the torsional mode of the LSC. These oscillations are then propagated vertically along the sidewall by the hot ascending and cold descending fluids. When they reach the mid-height plane, the azimuthal positions of the hottest and coldest fluids again oscillate out of phase by $π$. It is this out-of-phase horizontal positional oscillation of the hottest and coldest fluids at the same horizontal plane that produces the off-center oscillation of the LSC. A direct velocity measurement further confirms the existence of the bulk off-center mode of the flow field near cell center.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures, the paper has been submitted to J. Fluid Mech
Biodiesel production from Jatropha oil by supercritical methanol
Creators: name: Amonrat Samniang
name: Somjai Kajorncheappan-Ngarm
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen Univeristy
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiesel, Supercritical fluid, Supercritical methanol,Jatropha oil

description: 3, 40, KKU Engineering Journal
Unveiling the core of the Globular Cluster M15 in the Ultraviolet
Creators: name: Dieball, A.
name: Knigge, C.
name: Zurek, D. R.
name: Shara, M. M.
name: Long, K. S.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Hannikainen, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained deep far- (FUV) and near-ultraviolet (NUV) images of the inner region of the dense globular cluster M15 with the Advanced Camera for Surveys on board the Hubble Space Telescope. The FUV-NUV colour-magnitude diagram shows a well defined track of horizontal branch stars, as well as a trail of blue stragglers and white dwarfs. The main sequence turn-off is clearly visible at FUV~23.5 mag and FUV-NUV~3 mag, and the main sequence stars form a prominent track that extends at least two magnitudes below the main sequence turn-off. As such, this is the deepest FUV-NUV colour-magnitude diagram of a globular cluster presented so far. Cataclysmic variable and blue straggler candidates are the most centrally concentrated stellar populations, which might either be an effect of mass segregation or reflect the preferred birthplace in the dense cluster core of such dynamically-formed objects. We find 41 FUV sources that exhibit significant variability. We classify the variables based on an analysis of their UV colours and variability properties. We find four previously known RR Lyrae and 13 further RR Lyrae candidates, one known Cepheid and six further candidates, six cataclysmic variables, one known and one probable SX Phoenicis star, and the well known low-mass X-ray binary AC211. Our analysis represents the first detection of SX Phoenicis pulsations in the FUV. We find that Cepheids, RR Lyraes and SX Phoenicis exhibit massive variability amplitudes in this waveband (several mags).
description: 47 pages, including 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, Table 7 corrected, final version including ApJ corrections
GRB 060206: hints of precession of the central engine?
Creators: name: Liu, X. W.
name: Wu, X. F.
name: Lu, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. The high-redshift (z = 4:048) gamma-ray burst GRB 060206 showed unusual behavior, with a significant rebrightening by a factor of ~ 4 at about 3000 s after the burst. We argue that this rebrightening implies that the central engine became active again after the main burst produced by the first ejecta, then drove another more collimated jet-like ejecta with a larger viewing angle. The two ejecta both interacted with the ambient medium, giving rise to forward shocks that propagated into the ambient medium and reverse shocks that penetrated into the ejecta. The total emission was a combination of the emissions from the reverse- and forward- shocked regions. We discuss how this combined emission accounts for the observed rebrightening. Methods. We apply numerical models to calculate the light curves from the shocked regions, which include a forward shock originating in the first ejecta and a forward-reverse shock for the second ejecta. Results. We find evidence that the central engine became active again 2000 s after the main burst. The combined emission produced by interactions of these two ejecta with the ambient medium can describe the properties of the afterglow of this burst. We argue that the rapid rise in brightness at ~ 3000 s in the afterglow is due to the off-axis emission from the second ejecta. The precession of the torus or accretion disk of the central engine is a natural explanation for the departure of the second ejecta from the line of sight.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Distinguishing between $w < -1$ Dark Energy Models
Creators: name: Ziaeepour, Houri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent data and new data analysis methods show that most probably the parameter $w$ in the equation of state of the dark energy is smaller than -1 at low redshifts. We briefly review some of the models with such a property and without violating null energy condition. We investigate the difference between the observables and predictions of these models, and how they can be explored to single out or constrain the origin of dark energy and its properties.
description: 4 papes, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of PASCOS-07 conference, Imperial College, London, UK, 2-7 July 2007
Mucormycosis in COVID-19: modifiable risk factors and its mitigation in India
Creators: name: Shaji, Sherin Mary
name: Krishnamoorthy, Sadagoban Gopal
name: Borra, Swathi Swaroopa
Publisher: name: Italian Journal of Mycology
Year: 2022

description: While combating the second wave of COVID-19, India has now been afflicted by another epidemic caused by mucormycosis, a life-threatening opportunistic infection. Due to their immune-suppressed status, COVID-19 patients in India are now more likely to develop mucormycosis during or after treatment. Uncontrolled diabetes, irrational use of steroids, as well as the severity of COVID-19 can all contribute to the growth of mucormycosis. Risk mitigation strategies that could be used to control the rise of mucormycosis-related COVID-19 patients should be evaluated. The purpose of this article is to explore the modifiable risk variables that are involved in the medical management of COVID-19 patients, as well as the mechanisms through which they raise the risk. This overview also includes a brief discussion of mycology and how the disease pattern varies depending on the regions of the body affected. In this article, we detailed about the early detection and treatment of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients.
description: Italian Journal of Mycology, Vol. 51 (2022)
Excited-state energy surfaces in molecules revealed by impulsive stimulated Raman excitation profiles
Creators: name: Batignani, Giovanni
name: Sansone, Carlotta
name: Ferrante, Carino
name: Fumero, Giuseppe
name: Mukamel, Shaul
name: Scopigno, Tullio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photophysical and photochemical processes are ruled by the interplay between transient vibrational and electronic degrees of freedom, which are ultimately determined by the multidimensional potential energy surfaces (PESs). Differences between ground and excited PESs are encoded in the relative intensities of resonant Raman bands, but they are experimentally challenging to access requiring measurements at multiple wavelengths under identical conditions. Here we perform a two-color impulsive vibrational scattering experiment to launch nuclear wavepacket motions by an impulsive pump and record their coupling with a targeted excited-state potential by resonant Raman processes with a delayed probe, generating in a single-measurement background-free vibrational spectra across the entire sample absorption. Building on the interference between the multiple pathways resonant with the excited-state manifold that generate the Raman signal, we show how to experimentally tune their relative phase by varying the probe chirp, decoding nuclear displacements along different normal modes and revealing the multidimensional PESs. Our results are validated against time-dependent density functional theory.
A first estimate of the Milky Way dark matter halo spin
Creators: name: Obreja, A.
name: Buck, T.
name: Macciò, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spin, $λ$, of dark matter (DM) halos in cosmological simulations follows a log normal distribution and has little correlation with galaxy observables. As such, there is currently no way to infer the $λ$ parameter of individual halos hosting observed galaxies. We present here a first attempt to measure $λ$ starting from the dynamically distinct stellar components identified in high-resolution cosmological simulations with Galactic Structure Finder. In a subsample of NIHAO galaxies, we find tight correlations between the total angular momentum (AM) of the DM halos, $J_h$, and the azimuthal AM, $J_z$, of the stellar components of the form: log($J_h$)=$α$+$β\cdot$log($J_z$). The stellar halos have the tightest relation with $α=9.50\pm0.42$ and $β=0.46\pm0.04$. The other tight relation is with the disks: $α=6.15\pm0.92$ and $β=0.68\pm0.07$. We used Gaia DR2 and APOGEE to generate a combined kinematics-abundance space, where the Galaxy's thin and thick stellar disks stars can be neatly separated and their rotational velocity profiles, $v_ϕ(R)$, can be computed. For both disks, $v_ϕ(R)$ decreases with radius with $\sim$2 km s$^{-1}$ kpc$^{-1}$ for $R\gtrsim5$ kpc, resulting in $v_{ϕ,thin}\backsimeq221$ km s$^{-1}$ and $v_{ϕ,thick}\backsimeq188$ km s$^{-1}$ at $R_{\odot}$. These velocity profiles together with the Galaxy mass model of Cautun et al. (2020) result in the AM for the two disks: $J_{z,thin}=(3.26\pm0.43)\times10^{13}$ and $J_{z,thick}=(1.20\pm0.30)\times10^{13}$ M$_{\odot}$ kpc km s$^{-1}$, where the DM halo is assumed to have a contracted NFW profile. Adopting the correlation found in simulations, the spin estimate of the Galaxy's DM halo is $λ_{MW}=0.061^{+0.022}_{-0.016}$. If the DM halo has a NFW profile instead, the spin becomes $λ_{MW}=0.088^{+0.024}_{-0.020}$, making the Galaxy a more extreme outlier.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
On Ultrametric Algorithmic Information
Creators: name: Murtagh, Fionn
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.0

description: How best to quantify the information of an object, whether natural or artifact, is a problem of wide interest. A related problem is the computability of an object. We present practical examples of a new way to address this problem. By giving an appropriate representation to our objects, based on a hierarchical coding of information, we exemplify how it is remarkably easy to compute complex objects. Our algorithmic complexity is related to the length of the class of objects, rather than to the length of the object.
description: Forthcoming, Computer Journal. Minor corrections 29 Oct. 2007
The Regulation and Technology of Chinese Nuclear Material Accounting
Creators: name: Jun, Wu
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2014
Subjects: regulation
chinese
nuclear
material

description: Nuclear security practices have been a part of the development of China’s nuclear industry from the beginning, and they remain an important part of nuclear operations. The Chinese government pays close attention to nuclear security and has set up laws and regulations to govern the use of nuclear materials. The companies and operators that use nuclear materials have developed operational manuals and regulations to ensure the protection and control of nuclear materials based on national laws and regulations. These measures explain why there are no reported losses of nuclear materials from Chinese facilities. In light of recent reforms and the “opening” of China, which has increased communication with foreigners and has led to other changes in the international environment, threats to nuclear material security are changing and posing new challenges to Chinese nuclear management. The Chinese government is working to improve regulations to confront these new threats.

Nuclear material accounting is one of the most important parts of nuclear material security. China has set up a nuclear material accounting system to account for nuclear materials, to track material inventories, to report inventory changes, and to help detect unexpected increases or decreases in inventories. This paper analyzes Chinese nuclear material accounting systems and the regulations that guide their implementation, from a technical viewpoint.
Inhalt
Creators: name: Kamp, Hermann
Publisher: name: Vorträge und Forschungen
Year: 2022

description: Vorträge und Forschungen, Bd. 93 (2022): Vorträge und Forschungen: Herrschaft über fremde Völker und Reiche. Formen, Ziele und Probleme der Eroberungspolitik im Mittelalter
Screening length and the direction of plasma winds
Creators: name: Natsuume, Makoto
name: Okamura, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the screening length of a heavy quark-antiquark pair in strongly coupled gauge theory plasmas flowing at velocity v following a proposal by Liu, Rajagopal, and Wiedemann. We analyze the screening length as the direction of the plasma winds vary. To leading order in v, this angle-dependence can be studied analytically for many theories by extending our previous formalism. We show that the screening length is locally a minimum (maximum) when the pair is perpendicular (parallel) to the plasma winds, which has been observed for the N=4 plasma. Also, we compare AdS/CFT results with weak coupling ones, and we discuss the subleading dependence on v for the Dp-brane.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, JHEP3; v2: discussion added and modified
Climate Change and its Impact on the Political Dynamics of Pakistan
Creators: name: Imran, Zafar
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2013
Subjects: climate
change
pakistan

description: The assessment report of the National Academy of Sciences/National Research Council on Climate and Social Stress  and the Intelligence Community Assessment on Global Water Security  both refer to a possible link between climate change and social instability in countries around the world. They argue that climatic variations in combination with preexisting social and political problems may contribute to social disruptions that could result in political instability, state failure, and sub-national violence, and thereby pose threats to international security.

Although there is a growing consensus about climate change’s ability to disrupt societies, and ultimately threaten global security, little is understood about what these climate-induced social and political stresses will look like and how they may interact with each other, as well as with other factors endogenous to a society, to destabilize countries and regions. Most of the literature on the subject points to a mono-causal link between climate change and resource scarcity (predominantly food and water), and explains how food and water insecurity may stoke socio-political stresses.  Although, this “neo-Malthusian” theory has improved our understanding about the dangers that climate change poses to international security, it is far from being complete and is over simplistic.

Using Pakistan as a case study, this paper argues that the link between climate change, resource scarcity, and conflict is not as straightforward as many studies suggest it to be. Piecing together publicly available data about Pakistan, this paper suggest two points:  First, climatic changes disturb the social and political equilibrium of a society by either creating new fault lines in the social, political, or ethnic landscape of that society, or by exacerbating existing ones. Disequilibrium brought about by climatic variability creates new winners and losers, and manifests itself in the form of social and political unrest by heightening tensions among them. Conflict may come later and will be difficult to reverse, as it will occur not only due to resource scarcity but also because of political grievances and tensions in a highly fragmented society.

Second, the preexisting social and political configuration of a society will determine how that society responds to climate change disturbing this equilibrium. For example, a reduction in water availability may not always translate into a lower agricultural yield. This dynamic is likely to depend on the influence agriculturists have over the distribution of water resources and related policy tools. The nature and level of stresses will differ from society to society and will depend on how new winners and losers adjust as climatic changes alter the availability of resources.
Titelei
Creators: name: Kamp, Hermann
Publisher: name: Vorträge und Forschungen
Year: 2022

description: Vorträge und Forschungen, Bd. 93 (2022): Vorträge und Forschungen: Herrschaft über fremde Völker und Reiche. Formen, Ziele und Probleme der Eroberungspolitik im Mittelalter
Supplementary Material from Cutting across structural and transcriptomic scales translates time across the lifespan in humans and chimpanzees
Creators: name: Charvet, Christine J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figures S1 - S9
Fachstelle Schulsozialarbeit der Primarschule Regensdorf. Evaluationsbericht
Creators: name: Fischer, Martina
name: Bodmer, Dominik
name: Baier, Florian
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Soziale Arbeit FHNW
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Schulsozialarbeit
subject: Evaluation
subject: Schweiz
subject: 370 - Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Bericht zur Evaluation der Fachstelle Schulsozialarbeit der Primarschule Regensdorf
Q-M TEMIR YO'L UCHASTKASI ISH TAHLILI
Creators: name: Butunov, Dilmurod
name: Jonuzoqov, Choriyor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: “O‘zbekiston temir yo‘llari” aksiyadorlik jamiyati “Q” mintaqaviy temir yo‘l uzeli tarkibidagi “Q-M” temir yo‘l uchastkasining ishi tahlil qilindi. “Q-M” temir yo‘l uchastkasining istiqboldagi ish hajmi oshishini hisobga olgan holda uchastkaning o‘tkazuvchanlik va stansiyalarning vagon oqimlarini qayta ishlash qobiliyatlarini oshirish bo‘yicha kompleks chora-tadbirlar ishlab chiqildi. Ushbu chora-tadbirlar Q-M uchastkasi asosiy ish ko‘rsatkichlari bajarilish darajasini oshirish va stansiyalarda samarasiz vaqt yo‘qotishlarini minimallashtish imkoniyatlarni yaratadi.
Theory of defect production in nonlinear quench across a quantum critical point
Creators: name: Mondal, Shreyoshi
name: Sengupta, K.
name: Sen, Diptiman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study defect production in a quantum system subjected to a nonlinear power law quench which takes it either through a quantum critical or multicritical point or along a quantum critical line. We elaborate on our earlier work [D. Sen, K. Sengupta, S. Mondal, \prl 101, 016806 (2008)] and present a detailed analysis of the scaling of the defect density $n$ with the quench rate $τ$ and exponent $\al$ for each of the above-mentioned cases. We also compute the correlation functions for defects generated in nonlinear quenches through a quantum critical point and discuss the dependence of the amplitudes of such correlation functions on the exponent $\al$. We discuss several experimental systems where these theoretical predictions can be tested.
description: 9+ pages, v1
Deine Daten, meine Daten, Forschungsdaten - Know-how, Tools & Anwendungsbeispiele aus der Wissenschaftspraxis
Creators: name: Kraft, Angelina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Forschungsdatenmanagement
Research Data Management

description: Ein Thema, viele Befindlichkeiten: Forschungsdaten. Politik, Forschungsförderer und die Gesellschaft fordern den (offenen) Zugang zu diesen Daten, doch wie sieht die Realität aus? Welche Vorbehalte gibt es, welche (rechtlichen) Einschränkungen und was bedeutet eigentlich FAIR? In dieser Einführung von Dr. Angelina Kraft vom 9. Mai 2019 geht es im  Digitalen Salon um Beispiele des Forschungsdatenmanagements im wissenschaftlichen Alltag und Anregungen für einen „guten“ Umgang mit diesen Daten – ganz im Sinne der guten wissenschaftlichen Praxis.

One subject, many sensitivities: Research data. Politicians, research sponsors and society demand (open) access to these data, but what is the reality? What reservations are there, what (legal) restrictions and what does FAIR actually mean? In this introduction by Dr. Angelina Kraft on 9 May 2019, the Digital Salon focused on examples of research data management in everyday scientific life and suggestions for a "good" use of this data - in line with good scientific practice.
Letter from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton, April 28, [1955]
Creators: name: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1060777
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Poets
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067778
subject: Editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/902475
subject: Neoplatonism
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1035884
subject: Poets, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1067870
subject: Platonists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1066881
subject: Periodical editors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058064
subject: Periodicals--Publishing
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1058100
subject: Raine, Kathleen, 1908-2003
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/52672
subject: Literature, Modern
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1000172
subject: English poetry--Manuscripts
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/912320
subject: Authors
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821688
subject: Book industries and trade
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/836171
subject: Critics
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/883769
subject: Scholars
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1106878
subject: Novelists
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039684
subject: Novelists, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1039718
subject: Skelton, Robin
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/51853
subject: Wiccans
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1765210
subject: Authors, English
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/821945

description: Part of a collection of correspondence from Kathleen Raine to Robin Skelton. Skelton was a British poet, academic, anthologist, and practicing Wiccan. He taught at Manchester University before emigrating to Canada in 1963, where he taught creative writing at the University of Victoria and started the literary magazine The Malahat Review. Also included are some letters to Skelton’s wife Sylvia, and his daughters. Spanning close to forty-five years, the correspondence discusses poetry, writing, and philosophy; particularly Platonism and Neoplatonism. Raine often refers to the writings of William Blake and W. B. Yeats. Many letters also mention contemporary literary figures at the time including: Herbert Read, Peter Russell, Liam Miller, and Thurairajah Tambimuttu. This letter is dated April 28 but by the envelope was mailed on April 27. In this letter, Raine writes that she is about to visit Scotland, and thanks Skelton and his wife for a piece of pottery they sent her.
Energy-momentum tensor in QCD: nucleon mass decomposition and mechanical equilibrium
Creators: name: Lorcé, Cédric
name: Metz, Andreas
name: Pasquini, Barbara
name: Rodini, Simone
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review and examine in detail recent developments regarding the question of the nucleon mass decomposition. We discuss in particular the virial theorem in quantum field theory and its implications for the nucleon mass decomposition and mechanical equilibrium. We reconsider the renormalization of the QCD energy-momentum tensor in minimal-subtraction-type schemes and the physical interpretation of its components, as well as the role played by the trace anomaly and Poincaré symmetry. We also study the concept of "quantum anomalous energy" proposed in some works as a new contribution to the nucleon mass. Examining the various arguments, we conclude that the quantum anomalous energy is not a genuine contribution to the mass sum rule, as a consequence of translation symmetry.
description: 31 pages