cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Retinopathy of prematurity in British Columbia, 1952-1983
Creators: name: Gibson, Donna Lee
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In recent years, concern about a new epidemic of retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) has focused attention on the increasing incidence of the disease and the factors responsible for its most severe consequences. Two studies designed to address these issues were done using data from three sources: the B.C. Health Surveillance Registry (Registry), Physicians's Notices of Livebirth (PNOB), and the Vancouver General Hospital (VGH). In the first study, Registry and PNOB records were used to determine crude annual birth weight-specific incidence rates for ROP in infants liveborn in the Province of British Columbia (B.C.) in the period 1952-1983. These rates showed that, in B.C., the original epidemic of the disease ended in 1954. Linear regression lines fitted for each of four birth weight categories showed that, in the 29 year period after 1954, there was a significant increase in the incidence of ROP-induced blindness in infants weighing less than 1000 grams at birth. To refine this observation, the data were sub-divided: the 29 year period, to two smaller periods, 1955-1964 and 1965-1983; the less than 1000 gram birth weight category to two sub-categories, 500-749 and 750-999 grams. Since the inter-period incidence should have been similar if the birth weight-specific incidence had not changed since the end of the original epidemic, the crude weight-specific rates for ROP-induced blindness in the early period were used to calculate the expected number of cases in the later period. When weight-standardized incidence ratios (SIR's) and 95% confidence limits were calculated, the results showed that, in the 750-999 gram sub-category, the SIR was significantly increased. Infants born in the period 1965-1983 were 3.07 times more likely to be ROP: blind than their equal weight counterparts in the earlier period. In infants weighing 500-749 and 1000 grams or more, there was no evidence to suggest an increase in incidence after 1954. The second study was done to determine the cofactors that differentiate infants who are blinded by ROP from those who are not. Infants were included if (i) they were born in B.C. between 1955 and 1983, (ii) they were known to the Registry as being ROP: blind (cases) or not blind (controls), and (iii) they were born in or admitted to the VGH within 28 days of birth. When the data from all three data sources were dichotomized and analyzed using univariate techniques, two variables, respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and neonatal weight loss, showed a significantly protective effect. The effect of RDS disappeared when the data were stratified by birth interval indicating that the observed association was confounded by time. When the variables were reanalyzed in continuous form, none were significantly associated with visual outcome. However, since the power of the cofactor study was extremely low, none of the variables that were included can be eliminated as potential cofactors for the induction of blindness in infants with ROP.
Methods for high-precision determinations of radiative-leptonic decay form factors using lattice QCD
Creators: name: Giusti, Davide
name: Kane, Christopher F.
name: Lehner, Christoph
name: Meinel, Stefan
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We present a study of lattice-QCD methods to determine the relevant hadronic form factors for radiative-leptonic decays of pseudoscalar mesons. We provide numerical results for D+s→ℓ+νγ. Our calculation is performed using a domain-wall action for all quark flavors and on a single RBC/UKQCD lattice gauge-field ensemble. The first part of the study is how to best control two sources of systematic error inherent in the calculation, specifically the unwanted excited states created by the meson interpolating field and unwanted exponentials in the sum over intermediate states. Using a 3D sequential propagator allows for better control over unwanted exponentials from intermediate states, while using a 4D sequential propagator allows for better control over excited states. We perform individual analyses of the 3D and 4D methods, as well as a combined analysis using both methods, and find that the 3D sequential propagator offers good control over both sources of systematic uncertainties for the smallest number of propagator solves. From there, we further improve the use of a 3D sequential propagator by employing an infinite-volume approximation method, which allows us to calculate the relevant form factors over the entire allowed range of photon energies. We then study improvements gained by performing the calculation using a different three-point function, using ratios of three-point functions, averaging over positive and negative photon momentum, and using an improved method for extracting the structure-dependent part of the axial form factor. The optimal combination of methods yields results for the D+s→ℓ+νγ structure-dependent vector and axial form factors in the entire kinematic range with statistical plus fitting uncertainties of order 5%, using 25 gauge configurations with 64 samples per configuration.
Human-AI Collaboration with Bandit Feedback
Creators: name: Gao, Ruijiang
name: Saar-Tsechansky, Maytal
name: De-Arteaga, Maria
name: Han, Ligong
name: Lee, Min Kyung
name: Lease, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Human-machine complementarity is important when neither the algorithm nor the human yield dominant performance across all instances in a given domain. Most research on algorithmic decision-making solely centers on the algorithm's performance, while recent work that explores human-machine collaboration has framed the decision-making problems as classification tasks. In this paper, we first propose and then develop a solution for a novel human-machine collaboration problem in a bandit feedback setting. Our solution aims to exploit the human-machine complementarity to maximize decision rewards. We then extend our approach to settings with multiple human decision makers. We demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed methods using both synthetic and real human responses, and find that our methods outperform both the algorithm and the human when they each make decisions on their own. We also show how personalized routing in the presence of multiple human decision-makers can further improve the human-machine team performance.
description: Accepted at IJCAI 2021
The RECIPE Approach to Challenges in Deeply Heterogeneous High Performance Systems
Creators: name: Agosta, Giovanni
name: Fornaciari, William
name: Atienza, David
name: Canal, Ramon
name: Cilardo, Alessandro
name: Cardo, José Flich
name: Luz, Carles Hernandez
name: Kulczewski, Michal
name: Massari, Giuseppe
name: Gavilá, Rafael Tornero
name: Zapater, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RECIPE (REliable power and time-ConstraInts-aware Predictive management of heterogeneous Exascale systems) is a recently started project funded within the H2020 FETHPC programme, which is expressly targeted at exploring new High-Performance Computing (HPC) technologies. RECIPE aims at introducing a hierarchical runtime resource management infrastructure to optimize energy efficiency and minimize the occurrence of thermal hotspots, while enforcing the time constraints imposed by the applications and ensuring reliability for both time-critical and throughput-oriented computation that run on deeply heterogeneous accelerator-based systems. This paper presents a detailed overview of RECIPE, identifying the fundamental challenges as well as the key innovations addressed by the project. In particular, the need for predictive reliability approaches to maximize hardware lifetime and guarantee application performance is identified as the key concern for RECIPE, and is addressed via hierarchical resource management of the heterogeneous architectural components of the system, driven by estimates of the application latency and hardware reliability obtained respectively through timing analysis and modelling thermal properties, mean-time-to-failure of subsystems. We show the impact of prediction accuracy on the overheads imposed by the checkpointing policy, as well as a possible application to a weather forecasting use case.
Better Software, Better Data, Better Research (Mejor Software + Mejores Datos = Mejor Investigacion)
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Beltran, Alejandra
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Better Software, Better Data, Better Research (Mejor Software + Mejores Datos = Mejor Investigacion). Talk presented in CIFASIS, Rosario, Argentina in April 2019. The slides are in English.
Direction-sensitive dark matter search results in a surface laboratory
Creators: name: Miuchi, Kentaro
name: Hattori, Kaori
name: Kabuki, Shigeto
name: Kubo, Hidetoshi
name: Kurosawa, Shunsuke
name: Nishimura, Hironobu
name: Okada, Yoko
name: Takada, Atsushi
name: Tanimori, Toru
name: Tsuchiya, Ken'ichi
name: Ueno, Kazuki
name: Sekiya, Hiroyuki
name: Takeda, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We developed a three-dimensional gaseous tracking device and performed a direction-sensitive dark matter search in a surface laboratory. By using 150 Torr carbon-tetrafluoride (CF_4 gas), we obtained a sky map drawn with the recoil directions of the carbon and fluorine nuclei, and set the first limit on the spin-dependent WIMP (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles)-proton cross section by a direction-sensitive method. Thus, we showed that a WIMP-search experiment with a gaseous tracking device can actually set limits. Furthermore, we demonstrated that this method will potentially play a certain role in revealing the nature of dark matter when a low-background large-volume detector is developed.
description: 9 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. B
Exclusive rare Higgs decays into lepton pair and light mesons
Creators: name: Gao, Dao-Neng
name: Gong, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exclusive rare Higgs decays into lepton pair plus one light hadron, such as $h\to ρ^0(ω)\ell\bar{\ell}$, $h\to π^0\ell\bar{\ell}$, $h\to π^+ (K^+)\ell^-\barν_\ell$, and $h\to ρ^+(K^{*+})\ell^-\barν_\ell$, have been explored in the standard model. Decay amplitudes are dominantly from the Higgs couplings to gauge bosons and to charged leptons, and their branching ratios are predicted in the range of $10^{-8}\sim 10^{-5}$. We have also analyzed the differential dilepton invariant mass and angular distributions of $h\to ρ^0 \ell^+\ell^-$ decays. It will be challenging to search for these rare processes. Nevertheless, experimental studies of them, in particular, $h\to ρ^0\ell^+\ell^-$ with $\ell=e,μ$, might be interesting both to help deepen our understanding of the standard model and to probe new physics beyond the standard model in the future high-precision experiments.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
The developmental expression of the Dictyostelium discoideum ras gene and preliminary detection of a second ras-homologous sequence in its genome
Creators: name: Gray, Virginia Elaine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The expression of a mammalian ras gene analog was previously found by Reymond et al. to be developmentally regulated in Dictyostelium discoideum using Northern analysis of strain AX-3 RNA (1984, Cell 39;141) and by Pawson et al. using specific immunoprecipitation of in vivo synthesized proteins from strain V12M2 (1985, Mol. Cell Biol. 5;33). Due to differences in the results of the two studies, it was decided to further examine ras expression by applying both protein and RNA techniques to a single strain of D.discoideum, V12M2. RNA samples from strain V12M2 cells at different stages of development were analyzed using Northern blotting. The same RNAs were translated in vitro, and the ras proteins synthesized were immunoprecipitated and analysed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In agreement with the findings of Reymond et al. (1984, Cell 39;141), Northern analysis with the cDNA ras probe revealed that the highest levels of the 1.2 and 0.9 kb ras mRNAs were present in the total RNA of V12M2 cells at the pseudoplasmodial stage of development, and very little ras mRNA was present in early developing cells. In contrast to the Northern analysis the greatest amount of ras protein was in vitro translated from the RNA of vegetative and 2 hour cells. Hence this work confirms in a single strain of Dictyostelium that the greatest amount of ras protein is synthesized at those developmental stages that contained the lowest levels of mRNA detectable by the cDNA probe. Possible reasons for this phenomena are discussed. In vitro RNA translation was also used to study the relationship between the two ras proteins of 23 and 24 kd. The proteins did not appear to be derived from one another by degradation or by post-translational modification. This result suggested that the two ras proteins of strain V12M2 must be derived from two different mRNAs. High stringency Southern blots of AX-3 DNA showed the expected restriction fragments detected by Reymond et al. (1984, Cell 39;141) . Low stringency blots showed three faint additional restriction fragments in Eco RI digests of AX-3 DNA. No additional restriction fragments were generated by an Eco RI-Bg1 II digest, but two of the three faint bands were smaller. This suggested that at least two of the Eco RI ras fragments are non-contiguous, and hence two to three ras genes may be present in addition to the one characterized by Reymond et al. (1984, Cell 39;141). All Northern and Southern bolts were probed with antisense RNA probes in order to gain greater sensitivity of detection as described by Cox et al. (1984, Dev. Biol. 101;485).
Topics in Extremal Structures and Random Graphs
Creators: name: Hasabnis, Mihir Abhay
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 10104 Combinatorics and Discrete Mathematics (excl. Physical Combinatorics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We mainly studied several problems in random graphs. Random graphs is one of the biggest fields in Probabilistic combinatorics with applications to various fields in Mathematics and Computer Science. We will look at a variety of problems in this area such as the Game Chromatic Number for Hypergraphs, Rainbow matching, Colorful Hamiltonian Cycles and Random Graph Isomorphism. Extremal combinatorics studies how large or how small a collection of finite objects can be, if it has to satisfy certain restrictions. We will look at a problem of saturation in bipartite graphs in that context. In Chapter 2, we generalize the notion of game chromatic number of a graph to hypergraphs. There are q colors available and two players Alice (A) and Bob (B) take turns to color vertices of a graph. A partial coloring is proper if no edge is monochromatic. One player, A, wishes to color all the vertices and the other player, B, wishes to prevent this. The game chromatic number χg(H) is the minimum number of colors for which A has a winning strategy. We consider this in the context of a random k-uniform hypergraph and prove upper and lower bounds that hold w.h.p. In Chapter 3, we study a question posed by Prof. Frieze in [35] related to the existence of a patterned perfect matching in a randomly colored graph. In Chapter 4, we study the isomorphism problem for random hypergraphs. We show that it is polynomially time solvable for the binomial random k-uniform hypergraph Hn,p;k, for a wide range of p, and for random r-regular, k-uniform hypergraphs where r is a constant. In Chapter 5, we study a similar problem as in chapter 3 but for Hamilton cycles. Finally in Chapter 6, we study the problem of edge saturation in Bipartite graphs. One of the most interesting and natural questions in this area is to determine the saturation number for the complete bipartite graph. When s = t, the saturation number and its extremal structures were determined long ago but nothing else is known for the general case. Half a decade ago, Gan, Kor´andi, and Sudakov [37] gave an asymptotically tight bound that was only off by an additive constant. We show that with some additional techniques, how the bound can be improved to achieve tightness for the case when s = t − 1.
An Efficient Method for Solving the Brusselator System
Creators: name: Hossein AMINIKHAH, Ali JAMALIAN
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Laplace transform method, new homotopy perturbation method (NHPM), Brusselator equation, reaction-diffusion systems

description: 5, 10, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Reinfection or Reactivation: Genome based two distinct SNP profile of SARS-CoV2 re-positivity in an Indian case
Creators: name: Dhar, Mahesh S.
name: Asokachandran Vivekanand
name: BHARATHRAM UPPILI
name: Nishu Tyagi
name: Sharma, Pooja
name: Simmi Tiwari
name: RadhaKrishnan VS
name: Marwal, Robin
name: Akshay Kanakan
name: Azka Manzoor Khan
name: Pandey, Rajesh
name: Jais, Manoj
name: Sanjib Gogoi
name: Shewale, Ajit
name: Tushar Nale
name: Kabra, Sandhya
name: Faruq, Mohammed
name: Sujeet Singh
name: Anurag Agrawal
name: Partha Rakshit
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Pathogenesis
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: 60503 Microbial Genetics

description: Supplementary data of the variant analysis
A Collocation Method for Numerical Solution of the Generalized Burgers-Huxley Equation
Creators: name: Mohammad ZAREBNIA, Nastaran ALINIYA
Publisher: name: Walailak University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Collocation method, Burgers-Huxley equation, Sinc function, Stability analysis

description: 8, 11, Walailak Journal of Science and Technology
Modified dispersion relations and (A)dS Schwarzschild Black holes
Creators: name: Han, Xin
name: Li, Huarun
name: Ling, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the impact of modified dispersion relations (MDR) on (Anti)de Sitter-Schwarzschild black holes. In this context we find the temperature of black holes can be derived with important corrections. In particular given a specific MDR the temperature has a maximal value such that it can prevent black holes from total evaporation. The entropy of the (A)dS black holes is also obtained with a logarithmic correction.
description: 10 pages
UNICEF Data for Children Hub in Scotland
Creators: name: Hutchison, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Data
Children
Data Science
Collaboration

description: The UNICEF Data for Children Hub is a newly established joint collaboration between UNICEF, The Scottish Government and Edinburgh University’s Data Driven Innovation Programme. The Hub seeks to improve outcomes for children locally, nationally and globally. It draws on the strengths of all partners to bring insight and solve problems using data and data science.
Quantum phases of bosons in double-well optical lattices
Creators: name: Danshita, Ippei
name: Williams, James E.
name: de Melo, Carlos A. R. Sa
name: Clark, Charles W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the superfluid to Mott insulator transition of bosons in a two-legged ladder optical lattice, of a type accessible in current experiments on double-well optical lattices. The zero-temperature phase diagram is mapped out, with a focus on its dependence upon interchain hopping and the tilt between double wells. We find that the unit-filling Mott phase exhibits a non-monotonic behavior as a function of the tilt parameter, producing a reentrant phase transition between Mott insulator and superfluid phases.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Quantum convolutional neural network for classical data classification
Creators: name: Hur, Tak
name: Kim, Leeseok
name: Park, Daniel K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the rapid advance of quantum machine learning, several proposals for the quantum-analogue of convolutional neural network (CNN) have emerged. In this work, we benchmark fully parameterized quantum convolutional neural networks (QCNNs) for classical data classification. In particular, we propose a quantum neural network model inspired by CNN that only uses two-qubit interactions throughout the entire algorithm. We investigate the performance of various QCNN models differentiated by structures of parameterized quantum circuits, quantum data encoding methods, classical data pre-processing methods, cost functions and optimizers on MNIST and Fashion MNIST datasets. In most instances, QCNN achieved excellent classification accuracy despite having a small number of free parameters. The QCNN models performed noticeably better than CNN models under the similar training conditions. Since the QCNN algorithm presented in this work utilizes fully parameterized and shallow-depth quantum circuits, it is suitable for Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) devices.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Evidence for Neutral B Meson Decays to wK*0
Creators: name: Goldenzweig, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a study of the charmless vector-vector decay B0->wK*0 with 657x10^6 BB(bar) pairs collected with the Belle detector at the KEKB e+e- collider. We measure the branching fraction to be B(B0->wK*0)=[1.8+/-0.7(stat)+/-0.3(syst)]x10^-6 with 3.0sigma significance. We also perform a helicity analysis of the w and K*0 vector mesons, and obtain the longitudinal polarization fraction fL(B0->wK*0)=0.56+/-0.29(stat)+0.18-0.08(syst). Finally, we measure a large non-resonant branching fraction B[B->wK+pi-; M(Kpi)\in(0.755,1.250) GeV/c^2]=[5.1+/-0.7(stat)+/-0.7(syst)]x10^-6 with a significance of 9.5sigma.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures (7 figure files)
Origin of the different electronic structure of Rh- and Ru-doped Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: Brouet, Véronique
name: Foulquier, Paul
name: Louat, Alex
name: Bertran, François
name: Fèvre, Patrick Le
name: Rault, Julien E.
name: Colson, Dorothée
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One way to induce insulator to metal transitions in the spin-orbit Mott insulator Sr2IrO4 is to substitute iridium with transition metals (Ru, Rh). However, this creates intriguing inhomogeneous metallic states, which cannot be described by a simple doping effect. We detail the electronic structure of the Ru-doped case with angle-resolved photoemission and show that, contrary to Rh, it cannot be connected to the undoped case by a rigid shift. We further identify bands below $E_F$ coexisting with the metallic ones that we assign to non-bonding Ir sites. We rationalize the differences between Rh and Ru by a different hybridization with oxygen, which mediates the coupling to Ir and sensitively affects the effective doping. We argue that the spin-orbit coupling does not control neither the charge transfer nor the transition threshold.
Entropy of the Randall-Sundrum black brane world to all orders in the Planck length
Creators: name: Nouicer, Khireddine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects, to all orders in the Planck length from a generalized uncertainty principle (GUP), on the statistical entropy of massive scalar bulk fields in the Randall-Sundrum black brane world. We show that the Bekenstein-Hawking area law is not preserved, and contains small corrections terms proportional to the black hole inverse area.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure. (v2): section 4 improved
50 Years of Buddhist Trade and Academic Book Publishing in the United States, 1970-2020
Creators: name: Dunne, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Knowledge Commons
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Buddhism--History--Sources
subject: Buddhism--Religious life
subject: Buddhism--Sacred books--Manuscripts

description: This dissertation sheds light on the overlooked influences upon, and profound effects created by, Buddhist trade and academic publishing on the presentation and reception of Buddhism in America from 1970-2020. It also provides a look at current issues in Buddhist book publishing and trends that might indicate where it is going next. To study presentation, I created a list of the top 20 publishers of books designated "Buddhist" using data from Bowker's Books in Print and investigated their missions and industries. To study reception, I gathered published sales figures and did case studies of two publishers' home pages. Combining elements of Thomas Tweed's translocative study of Buddhism and Arjun Appadurai's five scapes, I highlighted the flows that have occurred within systems in the process of absorption of which publishing houses have been a part. I found that publishers' missions, activities, and business models, combined with the culture and technology of the times, affected the publishing of Buddhist books — and, in turn, Buddhism in America.
Non-equilibrium theory of charge qubit decoherence in the quantum point contact measurement
Creators: name: Lee, Ming-Tsung
name: Zhang, Wei-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A non-equilibrium theory describing the charge qubit dynamics measured by a quantum point contact is developed based on Schwinger-Keldysh's approach. Using the real-time diagram technique, we derive the master equation to all orders in perturbation expansions. The non-Markovian processes in the qubit dynamics is naturally taken into account. The qubit decoherence, in particular, the influence of the tunneling-electron fluctuation in the quantum point contact with a longer time correlation, is studied in the framework. We consider the Lorentzian-type spectral density to characterize the channel mixture of the electron tunneling processes induced by the measurement and determine the correlation time scale of the tunneling-electron fluctuation. The result shows that as the quantum point contact is casted with a narrower profile of the spectral density, tunneling electrons can propagate with a longer time correlation and lead to the non-Markovian processes of the qubit dynamics. The qubit electron in the charge qubit will be driven coherently. The quantum point contact measurement with the minimum deviation of the electron tunneling processes prevents the qubit state from the decoherence.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Factors influencing the stability of dehydrated liposomal systems
Creators: name: Harrigan, Paul Richard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Plant seeds, yeasts, bacterial spores, rotifers, and other organisms are capable of suspending their metabolism and entering a state of latency when dehydrated. These organisms may maintain this state for extremely long periods of time, yet upon rehydration resume normal metabolism, without evidence of severe membrane disruption. With many of these organisms, the ability to survive dehydration has been correlated to the production of large amounts of carbohydrates, including glycerol, glycogen and the disaccharide trehalose. Trehalose has been shown to protect isolated sarcoplasmic reticulum microsomes and phospholipid vesicles from dehydration damage, implying that the site of protective action of trehalose and other carbohydrates is the lipid portion of membranes. In this thesis, the effects of carbohydrate composition, vesicle size, and lipid composition on the protection of liposomes from dehydration was investigated, as was the structure of the solid lipid-trehalose complex. Electron microscopy of dried liposomes indicated that vesicles protected with trehalose remain essentially intact even when dry, while vesicles not protected by sugar are severely disrupted by drying . ³¹-P and ¹³-C NMR results suggested that the lipid of protected vesicles is in a similar phase as that of unprotected vesicles, and that this state is similar to powdered anhydrous phospholipid. Using carboxyfluorescein as a probe, it was demonstrated that trehalose, other sugars can prevent vesicle disruption upon dehydration. Different lipid compositions of the liposomes showed nearly identical behavior, with the exception of vesicles composed of dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine and egg phosphatidylcholine, which showed greater and lower stability to dehydration respectively. Light scattering experiments indicated that a wide variety of carbohydrate and lipid vesicle combinations can withstand dehydration and maintain their original size when protected by sugars. The implications of these results in the development of liposomes as pharmaceuticals are discussed, and a hypothesis is advanced regarding the role of carbohydrates in the preservation of dry lipid membranes.
Additional file 4 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. qRT-PCR analyses of PdMYB118 and PdTT8 in the wounded leaves of WT and transgenic plants overexpressing PdMYB118.
Dissolved Gas Analysis of Renewable Energy Generation Transformers using Statistical Machine Learning
Creators: name: Qutub, Amru Musa
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Renewable energy has been increasingly part of the available generation on the electric power grid. The availability of the renewable energy generation sources is reliant on the ability of the renewable energy source to continuously and reliably generate energy for the grid. A key equipment in connecting renewable energy sources to the grid are padmount transformers. Padmount transformers used in renewable applications have been subject to unkown failures that do not follow the electrical standards for interpreting transformer condition based on dissolved gas analysis (DGA) samples. This is due to the electrical, mechanical, and thermal impact renewable energy has on padmount transformers that are designed for utility load applications.
This thesis uses various statistical machine learning techniques to predict renewable padmount transformer condition and failure based on DGA values. Principle Component Analysis (PCA), Support Vector Machine (SVM), PCA-SVM, and Multilayer Perceptron (MLP) are applied to industry level data to provide accurate transformer condition prediction. A solution is presented for an industry level phenomenon that has not been able to be solved using conventional industry standards and approaches.
This thesis reviews the challenge and unsolved issue in the renewable energy industry, and provides in depth research and results to be able to accurately predict renewable padmount transformer condition.
Additional file 5 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. A proposed model of wound induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar.
Taming Ambiguity - Dealing with doubts in archaeological datasets using LOD
Creators: name: Thiery, Florian
name: Mees, Allard
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Linked Open Data
data quality
controlled vocabulary
NAVIS ship database
Samian Research

description: The Linked Data Cloud is full of controlled resources, which in fact quickly run out of control. Firstly, each resource collection, e.g. a thesaurus, is cooking its own soup related to its research context. Secondly, conceptualisation of LOD assumes standardised data, but in reality, only generic concepts or real instances exist. Thirdly, archaeological items are usually related to generic instances in the LOD cloud, based on their object orientated nature. Describing these relations by modelling archaeological assumptions causes ambiguities which have to be tamed to guarantee data quality for reuse, demonstrated in three examples: (1) Trying to link a triangular “lateen sail” into the LOD cloud, a problem known from the NAVIS II ancient ship depictions database, reveals that each repository has completely different “hidden assumptions” in its hierarchies with respect to their scientific domain. Are the usually SKOS based relations able to solve the challenge to model also the degree of doubt? Are different methods required? (2) Trying to map pot fragments of Gaulish Terra Sigillata to historically defined concepts of “types” and “service families”, or aligning these typologies, ends up in modelling doubtful assumptions. Can metrics be used to define “type” definitions? How can an already existing online research community help? (3) Setting up a meta-index for aligning various distributed databases at the RGZM by keywords and linking into the LOD Cloud is subject to uncertainties within the modelling of relations. As a result, this process includes dealing with the above mentioned ambiguity challenges.
A compact and stable incidence-plane-rotating second harmonics detector
Creators: name: Kim, S. H.
name: Jung, S.
name: Seok, B.
name: Kim, Y. S.
name: Park, H.
name: Otsu, T.
name: Kobayashi, Y.
name: Kim, C.
name: Ishida, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a compact and stable setup for detecting the optical second harmonics, in which the incident plane rotates with respect to the sample. The setup is composed of rotating Fresnel-rhomb optics and a femtosecond ytterbium-doped fiber-laser source operating at the repetition frequency of 10 MHz. The setup including the laser source occupies an area of 1 m2 and is stable so that the intensity fluctuation of the laser harmonics can be less than 0.2 % for 4 h. We present the isotropic harmonic signal of a gold mirror of 0.5 pW and demonstrate the integrity and sensitivity of the setup. We also show the polarization-dependent six-fold pattern of the harmonics of a few-layer WSe2, from which we infer the degree of local-field effects. Finally, we describe the extendibility of the setup to investigate the samples in various conditions such as cryogenic, strained, ultrafast non-equilibrium, and high magnetic fields.
Additional file 6 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Western blotting analyses of JAZ1 protein in the wounded leaves.
QUA³CK - A Machine Learning Development Process
Creators: name: Stock, Simon Claus
name: Becker, Jürgen
name: Grimm, Daniel
name: Hotfilter, Tim
name: Molinar, Gabriela
name: Stang, Marco
name: Stork, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2020

description: Machine learning and data processing are trending topics at the moment. However, there is still alack of a standard process to support a fast, simple, and effective development of machine learningmodels for academia and industry combined. Processes such as KDD or CRISP-DM are highlyspecialized in data mining and business cases. Therefore, engineers often refer to individualapproaches to solve a machine learning problem. Especially in teaching, the lack of a standardprocess is a challenge. Students typically get a better understanding if a systematic approach tosolve problems is given to them. A challenge when formulating a machine learning developmentprocess is to provide standard actions that work on different use-cases. At the same time, it has tobe simple. Complex processes often lead to the wrong approach.The QUA³CK process was created at the Karlsruhe Institute of Technology to fill the gap inresearch and industry for a machine learning development process. However, the main focus wasto reach engineering students with an easy-to-remember, didactic way to solve machine learningproblems. This five-stage process starts with a machine learning question (Q), a problem thathas to be solved. Understanding the data (U) comes next. Then, the loop between selecting anAlgorithm (A), Adapting the features (A), and Adjusting the hyperparameters (A) is executeduntil the system is ready for Conclude and compare (C). At last, the Knowledge transfer (K) ofthe given solution can be realized as deployment in hardware or as a documentation.This paper describes the process and all individual steps in detail. Besides, we present severaluse-cases of QUA³CK in academia and research projects.
Interaction cohomology of forward or backward self-similar systems
Creators: name: Sumi, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37F05; 37F20

description: We investigate the dynamics of forward or backward self-similar systems (iterated function systems) and the topological structure of their invariant sets. We define a new cohomology theory (interaction cohomology) for forward or backward self-similar systems. We show that under certain conditions, the space of connected components of the invariant set is isomorphic to the inverse limit of the spaces of connected components of the realizations of the nerves of finite coverings${\cal U} $ of the invariant set, where each ${\cal U}$ consists of (backward)images of the invariant set under elements of finite word length. Inparticular, we give a criterion for the invariant set to be connected. Moreover, we give a sufficient condition for the first cohomology group to have infinite rank. As an application, we obtain many results on the dynamics of finitely generated semigroups of polynomials on the complex plane. Moreover, we define postunbranched systems and we investigate the interaction cohomology groups of such systems. Many examples are given.
description: Published in Adv. Math., 222 (2009) 729--781. 47 pages, 9 figures. See also http://www.math.sci.osaka-u.ac.jp/~sumi/
Blood volume distribution in and bioenergetics of swimming and diving ducks
Creators: name: Heieis, Mark Rudolf Alois
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Blood flow distribution during forced and voluntary diving in ducks, and the energetic cost of diving was investigated. It has been suggested that in order for the leg muscles to generate enough power for ducks to dive, blood flow to those tissues must be maintained. A technique to determine blood flow distribution which could be used during voluntary diving was first developed and tested during forced laboratory dives of ducks. This technique was then used to determine the blood flow distribution during voluntary diving. Regional blood flow distribution was visualized by utilizing a radioactive tracer technique (macro aggregated albumin labelled with ⁹⁹ⅿ technetium). The tracer when injected into an animal is trapped and held by capillaries. During forced dives in dabbling (Anas platyrhynchos) and diving (Aythya affinis) ducks the blood flow distribution was found to be restricted to the thoracic and head areas. Whereas during a voluntary dive in A. affinis blood flow distribution was shown to be preferentially directed towards three tissue areas, the heart, brain, and active leg muscles. The work required to dive was determined from the measurement of subsurface drag forces and buoyancy in A. affinis. Subsurface drag increased as a nonlinear function of swimming velocity. At a velocity of 1 m•s⁻¹, the drag force was approximately 1.067 N. The average measured buoyant force of 11 ducks was 0.953 N. The calculated mechanical work done by ducks during a 14.4 s unrestrained dive was 9.34 J. The power output during voluntary was estimated to be 0.751 W (0.0374 ml 0₂•s⁻¹). During diving buoyancy is clearly the dominant force (8.8 J) against which ducks have to work while drag (0.54 J) adds little (~6%) to the energetic cost of diving.
Additional file 1 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Wound induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in the leaf of transgenic plants.
Dynamic Spin Fluctuations in the Frustrated Spin Chain Compound Li$_3$Cu$_2$SbO$_6$
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, A.
name: Bhowmik, T. K.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Rahaman, B.
name: Kar, S.
name: Das, S.
name: Saha-Dasgupta, T.
name: Biswas, P. K.
name: Sinha, T. P.
name: Ewings, R. A.
name: Khalyavin, D. D.
name: Strydom, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the signatures of dynamic spin fluctuations in the layered honeycomb Li$_3$Cu$_2$SbO$_6$ compound, with a 3$d$ S = 1/2 $d^9$ Cu$^{2+}$ configuration, through muon spin rotation and relaxation ($μ$SR) and neutron scattering studies. Our zero-field (ZF) and longitudinal-field (LF)-$μ$SR results demonstrate the slowing down of the Cu$^{2+}$ spin fluctuations below 4.0 K. The saturation of the ZF relaxation rate at low temperature, together with its weak dependence on the longitudinal field between 0 and 3.2 kG, indicates the presence of dynamic spin fluctuations persisting even at 80 mK without static order. Neutron scattering study reveals the gaped magnetic excitations with three modes at 7.7, 13.5 and 33 meV. Our DFT calculations reveal that the next nearest neighbors (NNN) AFM exchange ($J_{AFM}$ = 31 meV) is stronger than the NN FM exchange ($J_{FM}$ = -21 meV) indicating the importance of the orbital degrees of freedom. Our results suggest that the physics of Li$_3$Cu$_2$SbO$_6$ can be explained by an alternating AFM chain rather than the honeycomb lattice.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Density Functional Theory Characterization of the Multiferroicity in Spin Spiral Chain Cuprates
Creators: name: Xiang, H. J.
name: Whangbo, M. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ferroelectricity of the spiral magnets LiCu2O2 and LiCuVO4 was examined by calculating the electric polarizations of their spin spiral states on the basis of density functional theory with spin-orbit coupling. Our work unambiguously reveals that spin-orbit coupling is responsible for the ferroelectricity with the primary contribution from the spin-orbit coupling on the Cu sites, but the asymmetric density distribution responsible for the electric polarization occurs mainly around the O atoms. The electric polarization is calculated to be much greater for the ab- than for the bc-plane spin spiral. The observed spin-spiral plane is found to be consistent with the observed direction of the electric polarization for LiCuVO4, but inconsistent for LiCu2O2.
description: Phys. Rev. Lett., in print
Additional file 2 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. BiFC assays to test the interaction of PtrJAZ1 with PdMYB118.
A Global Stability Analysis of Clusters of Galaxies with Conduction and AGN Feedback Heating
Creators: name: Guo, Fulai
name: Oh, S. Peng
name: Ruszkowski, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a series of steady-state models of galaxy clusters, in which the hot intracluster gas is efficiently heated by active galactic nucleus (AGN) feedback and thermal conduction, and in which the mass accretion rates are highly reduced compared to those predicted by the standard cooling flow models. We perform a global Lagrangian stability analysis. We show for the first time that the global radial instability in cool core clusters can be suppressed by the AGN feedback mechanism, provided that the feedback efficiency exceeds a critical lower limit. Furthermore, our analysis naturally shows that the clusters can exist in two distinct forms. Globally stable clusters are expected to have either: 1) cool cores stabilized by both AGN feedback and conduction, or 2) non-cool cores stabilized primarily by conduction. Intermediate central temperatures typically lead to globally unstable solutions. This bimodality is consistent with the recently observed anticorrelation between the flatness of the temperature profiles and the AGN activity (Dunn & Fabian 2008) and the observation by Rafferty et al. (2008) that the shorter central cooling times tend to correspond to significantly younger AGN X-ray cavities.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Revised version accepted for publication in ApJ. Expanded discussions with three new figures; conclusions unchanged