cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improving risk reduction potential of weather index insurance by spatially downscaling gridded climate data - a machine learning approach
Creators: name: Eltazarov, Sarvarbek
name: Bobojonov, Ihtiyor
name: Kuhn, Lena
name: Glauben, Thomas
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Open-access gridded climate products have been suggested as a potential source of data for index insurance design and operation in data-limited regions. However, index insurance requires climate data with long historical records, global geographical coverage and fine spatial resolution at the same time, which is nearly impossible to satisfy, especially with open-access data. In this paper, we spatially downscaled gridded climate data (precipitation, temperature, and soil moisture) in coarse spatial resolution with globally available long-term historical records to finer spatial resolution, using satellite-based data and machine learning algorithms. We then investigated the effect of index insurance contracts based on downscaled climate data for hedging spring wheat yield. This study employed county-level spring wheat yield data between 1982 and 2018 from 56 counties overall in Kazakhstan and Mongolia. The results showed that in the majority of cases (70%), hedging effectiveness of index insurances increases when climate data is spatially downscaled with a machine learning approach. These improvements are statistically significant p≤0.05. Among other climate data, more improvements in hedging effectiveness were observed when the insurance design was based on downscaled temperature and precipitation data. Overall, this study highlights the reasonability and benefits of downscaling climate data for insurance design and operation.
title: Blick in die Wissenschaft, Bd. 8 Nr. 11 (1999): Blick in die Wissenschaft
title: Blick in die Wissenschaft
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Blick In Die Wissenschaft
Publisher: name: Blick in die Wissenschaft
Year: 2018

description: Forschungsmagazin der Universität Regensburg
Katharina Palmberger, Das unverrückbar Heilige – Jerusalems Loca Sancta in der Kreuzfahrerzeit
Creators: name: Poeschel, Hildegard
Publisher: name: The Byzantine Review
Year: 2021

description: Katharina Palmberger, Das unverrückbar Heilige – Jerusalems Loca Sancta in der Kreuzfahrerzeit (Spätantike – Frühes Christentum – Byzanz. Reihe B, Studien und Perspektiven 49). Wiesbaden: Reichert Verlag 2020. 264 S., 24 Taf. mit 50 Abb. – ISBN: 978-3-95490-343-6 (€ 98.00)
description: The Byzantine Review, Bd. 3 (2021)
title: Characterizing Important Subclasses of Attributed Tree Transformations by Macro Tree Transducers
Creators: name: Fülöp, Zoltán
Publisher: name: Institut für Informatik, Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen
Year: 2001

description: We consider attributed tree transducers of type simple multi-visit, multi-sweep, multi-alternating pass,
and multi-pass following the definition of the same subclasses of attribute
grammars. We characterize the tree transformation classes induced by the
considered four subclasses of attributed tree transducers in terms of macro tree transducers.
Namely, we define simple multi-visit, multi-sweep, multi-alternating pass and
multi-pass macro tree transducers and prove formally that the attributed tree transducers
and the macro tree transducers of the same type induce the same tree transformation
class. Also we give an inclusion diagram of the tree transformation classes
induced by the above and some further fundamental types of attributed and of macro
tree transducers.
description: Journal of Automata, Languages and Combinatorics, Volume 6, Number 2, 2001, 145-189
A numerical study of the F-model with domain-wall boundaries
Creators: name: Keesman, Rick
name: Lamers, Jules
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a numerical study of the F-model with domain-wall boundary conditions. Various exact results are known for this particular case of the six-vertex model, including closed expressions for the partition function for any system size as well as its asymptotics and leading finite-size corrections. To complement this picture we use a full lattice multi-cluster algorithm to study equilibrium properties of this model for systems of moderate size, up to L=512. We compare the energy to its exactly known large-L asymptotics. We investigate the model's infinite-order phase transition by means of finite-size scaling for an observable derived from the staggered polarization in order to test the method put forward in our recent joint work with Duine and Barkema. In addition we analyse local properties of the model. Our data are perfectly consistent with analytical expressions for the arctic curves. We investigate the structure inside the temperate region of the lattice, confirming the oscillations in vertex densities that were first observed by Syljuåsen and Zvonarev, and recently studied by Lyberg et al. We point out '(anti)ferroelectric' oscillations close to the corresponding frozen regions as well as 'higher-order' oscillations forming an intricate pattern with saddle-point-like features.
description: v4: 15 pages, 11 figures, 1 table; various minor improvements; supplementary material available upon request
Shortcut in codimension-2 brane cosmology in light of GW170817
Creators: name: Lin, Zi-Chao
name: Yu, Hao
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, our universe is regarded as a codimension-2 brane embedded in a noncompact six-dimensional Anti-de Sitter (AdS) spacetime. We derive the gravitational horizon radius on the brane under the low-energy approximation, which reflects how the extra dimensions cause the shortcut effect of gravitational waves (GWs). We also study the time delay between a GW signal and an electromagnetic (EM) wave signal in the low-redshift limit by combining with the joint observations of GW170817/GRB 170817A, which gives an upper limit to the $\text{AdS}_{6}^{~}$ radius as $\ell^{2}_{~} \lesssim 3.84\,\text{Mpc}^{2}_{~}$. For a high-redshift source, the time delay is converted into the discrepancy between the source redshift derived from the GW signal and the one derived from the EM counterpart. It is found that if one expects to detect the EM counterpart of a high-redshift GW event within a reasonable observation time, it requires a stronger constraint on the $\text{AdS}_{6}^{~}$ radius. Our research shows that the $\text{AdS}_{6}^{~}$ radius should satisfy $\ell^{2}_{~}\lesssim0.02\,\text{Mpc}^{2}_{~}$ for the DECIGO and BBO.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
Second Generation Stars in Globular Clusters from Rapid Radiative Cooling of Pre-Supernova Massive Star Winds
Creators: name: Lochhaas, Cassandra
name: Thompson, Todd A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following work by Wünsch and collaborators, we investigate a self-enrichment scenario for second generation star formation in globular clusters wherein wind material from first generation massive stars rapidly radiatively cools. Radiative energy loss allows retention of fast winds within the central regions of clusters, where it fuels star formation. Secondary star formation occurs in $\sim3-5$ Myr, before supernovae, producing uniform iron abundances in both populations. We derive the critical criteria for radiative cooling of massive star winds and the second generation mass as a function of cluster mass, radius, and metallicity. We derive a critical condition on $M/R$, above which second generation star formation can occur. We speculate that above this threshold the strong decrease in the cluster wind energy and momentum allows ambient gas to remain from the cluster formation process. We reproduce large observed second generation fractions of $\sim30-80\%$ if wind material mixes with ambient gas. Importantly, the mass of ambient gas required is only of order the first generation's stellar mass. Second generation helium enrichment $ΔY$ is inversely proportional to mass fraction in the second generation; a large second generation can form with $ΔY\sim0.001-0.02$, while a small second generation can reach $ΔY\sim0.16$. Like other self-enrichment models for the second generation, we are not able to simultaneously account for both the full range of the Na-O anticorrelation and the second generation fraction.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. OSU Astro Coffee Briefs video summarizing paper: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1Rne8xUlWTY
title: Chronic erosive polyarthritis during Behcet disease
title: Polyarthrite chronique érosive au cours de la maladie de Behcet
Creators: name: Amrani, Meriam El
Publisher: name: Revue Marocaine de Rhumatologie (RMR)
Year: 2014
Subjects: Polyarthrite chronique érosive
Behcet
Vascularite

description: Behcet's disease is a vasculitis clinically defined by mucocutaneous signs associated with systemic manifestations. Joint involvement usually results in inflammatory joint pain or intermittent arthritis.
We report a case of a 34 year old patient, who presented several episodes of bipolar aphthosis associated with severe ocular involvement.
The patient was admitted with a deforming symmetrical polyarthritis evolving for three years, with oral aphtosis and pseudo-folliculitis. Rheumatoid factor and ACPA were negative. The HLA B51 antigen was present and the HLA B27 absent.
Radiographs of peripheral joints showed destructive osteochondral involvement of hands, elbows, knees and forefeet. Although erosive arthritis is rare in Behçet's disease, it may be related to this condition.
description: La maladie de Behcet est une vascularite définie cliniquement par des signes cutanéo-muqueux associés à des manifestations systémiques. L'atteinte articulaire se traduit habituellement par des arthralgies inflammatoires ou des arthrites intermittentes.
Nous rapportons le cas d'un patient de 34 ans, qui a présenté plus de 3 épisodes annuels d'aphtose bipolaire, associés à une atteinte oculaire sévère ayant abouti à une cécité bilatérale. Le malade est admis dans un tableau de polyarthrite symétrique et déformante évoluant depuis 3 ans. Cette poussée articulaire est contemporaine d'un aphte buccal et d'une lésion de pseudofolliculite.
La recherche de facteurs rhumatoïdes et d'ACPA est revenue négative. L'antigène HLA B51 est présent et l'antigène HLA B27 absent. Les radiographies des articulations périphériques ont objectivé une atteinte ostéo-cartilagineuse étendue aux mains, coudes, genoux et avant-pieds.
Bien que les arthrites érosives soient rares au cours de la maladie de Behcet, leur constatation suggérerait de les rattacher à cette affection.
Heusler 4.0: Tunable Materials
Creators: name: Wollmann, Lukas
name: Nayak, Ajaya K.
name: Parkin, Stuart S. P.
name: Felser, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heusler compounds are a large family of binary, ternary and quaternary compounds that exhibit a wide range of properties of both fundamental and potential technological interest. The extensive tunability of the Heusler compounds through chemical substitutions and structural motifs makes the family especially interesting. In this article we highlight recent major developments in the field of Heusler compounds and put these in the historical context. The evolution of the Heusler compounds can be described by four major periods of research. In the latest period, Heusler 4.0 has led to the observation of a variety of properties derived from topology that includes: topological metals with Weyl and Dirac points; a variety of non-collinear spin textures including the very recent observation of skyrmions at room temperature; and giant anomalous Hall effects in antiferromagnetic Heuslers with triangular magnetic structures. Here we give a comprehensive overview of these major achievements and set research into Heusler materials within the context of recent emerging trends in condensed matter physics.
An a posteriori error estimator for the spectral fractional power of the Laplacian
Creators: name: Bulle, Raphaël
name: Barrera, Olga
name: Bordas, Stéphane P. A.
name: Chouly, Franz
name: Hale, Jack S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N15, 65N30

description: We develop a novel a posteriori error estimator for the $L^2$ error committed by the finite element discretization of the solution of the fractional Laplacian. Our a posteriori error estimator takes advantage of the semi-discretization scheme using rational approximations which allow to reformulate the fractional problem into a family of non-fractional parametric problems. The estimator involves applying the implicit Bank-Weiser error estimation strategy to each parametric non-fractional problem and reconstructing the fractional error through the same rational approximation used to compute the solution to the original fractional problem. In addition we propose an algorithm to adapt both the finite element mesh and the rational scheme in order to balance the discretization errors. We provide several numerical examples in both two and three-dimensions demonstrating the effectivity of our estimator for varying fractional powers and its ability to drive an adaptive mesh refinement strategy.
Relation between $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking and topologically nontrivial phases in the SSH and Kitaev models
Creators: name: Klett, Marcel
name: Cartarius, Holger
name: Dast, Dennis
name: Main, Jörg
name: Wunner, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian systems with $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry can possess purely real eigenvalue spectra. In this work two one-dimensional systems with two different topological phases, the topological nontrivial Phase (TNP) and the topological trivial phase (TTP) combined with $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric non-Hermitian potentials are investigated. The models of choice are the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model and the Kitaev chain. The interplay of a spontaneous $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking due to gain and loss with the topological phase is different for the two models. The SSH model undergoes a $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking transition in the TNP immediately with the presence of a non-vanishing gain and loss strength $γ$, whereas the TTP exhibits a parameter regime in which a purely real eigenvalue spectrum exists. For the Kitaev chain the $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetry breaking is independent of the topological phase. We show that the topological interesting states -- the edge states -- are the reason for the different behaviors of the two models and that the intrinsic particle-hole symmetry of the edge states in the Kitaev chain is responsible for a conservation of $\mathcal{PT}$ symmetry in the TNP.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, additional references, minor changes in the text
Multi-spatial-mode effects in squeezed-light-enhanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors
Creators: name: Töyrä, Daniel
name: Brown, Daniel D.
name: Davis, McKenna
name: Song, Shicong
name: Wormald, Alex
name: Harms, Jan
name: Miao, Haixing
name: Freise, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proposed near-future upgrades of the current advanced interferometric gravitational wave detectors include the usage of frequency dependent squeezed light to reduce the current sensitivity-limiting quantum noise. We quantify and describe the degradation effects that spatial mode-mismatches between optical resonators have on the squeezed field. These mode-mismatches can to first order be described by scattering of light into second-order Gaussian modes. As a demonstration of principle, we also show that squeezing the second-order Hermite-Gaussian modes $\mathrm{HG}_{02}$ and $\mathrm{HG}_{20}$, in addition to the fundamental mode, has the potential to increase the robustness to spatial mode-mismatches. This scheme, however, requires independently optimized squeeze angles for each squeezed spatial mode, which would be challenging to realise in practise.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
SU(3) flavor symmetry breaking in large $N_c$ excited hyperons
Creators: name: Stancu, Fl.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $1/N_c$ expansion method for studying the mass spectrum of excited baryons is shortly reviewed together with applications to mixed symmetric states. The $[{\bf 70, \ell^+}]$ multiplet, belonging to the $N$ = 2 band, is reanalyzed, with emphasis on hyperons and the SU(3) symmetry breaking operators entering the mass formula to first order. An important result is that the hierarchy of masses as a function of strangeness is correctly reproduced for all multiplets. Predictions for unknown excited hyperons to SU(6) $\times$ O(3) multiplets are made.
description: corrected typos. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1604.07324
Interplay of dilution and magnetic field in the nearest-neighbor spin-ice model on the pyrochlore lattice
Creators: name: Peretyatko, Alexey
name: Nefedev, Konstantin
name: Okabe, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the magnetic field effects on the diluted spin-ice materials using the replica-exchange Monte Carlo simulation. We observe five plateaus in the magnetization curve of the diluted nearest-neighbor spin-ice model on the pyrochlore lattice when a magnetic field is applied in the [111] direction. This is in contrast to the case of the pure model with two plateaus. The origin of five plateaus is investigated from the spin configuration of two corner-sharing tetrahedra in the case of the diluted model.
description: accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Quantitative Connection Between Ensemble Thermodynamics and Single-Molecule Kinetics: A Case Study Using Cryogenic Electron Microscopy and Single-Molecule Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer Investigations of the Ribosome
Creators: name: Kinz-Thompson, Colin D.
name: Sharma, Ajeet K.
name: Frank, Joachim
name: Gonzalez,, Ruben L.
name: Chowdhury, Debashish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: At equilibrium, thermodynamic and kinetic information can be extracted from biomolecular energy landscapes by many techniques. However, while static, ensemble techniques yield thermodynamic data, often only dynamic, single-molecule techniques can yield the kinetic data that describes transition-state energy barriers. Here we present a generalized framework based upon dwell-time distributions that can be used to connect such static, ensemble techniques with dynamic, single-molecule techniques, and thus characterize energy landscapes to greater resolutions. We demonstrate the utility of this framework by applying it to cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) and single-molecule fluorescence resonance energy transfer (smFRET) studies of the bacterial ribosomal pre-translocation complex. Among other benefits, application of this framework to these data explains why two transient, intermediate conformations of the pre-translocation complex, which are observed in a cryo-EM study, may not be observed in several smFRET studies.
description: 43 pages, including 6 figures
Evolution of scalar field resonances in a braneworld
Creators: name: Tan, Qin
name: Zhang, Yu-Peng
name: Guo, Wen-Di
name: Chen, Jing
name: Zhu, Chun-Chun
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate numerical evolution of massive Kaluza-Klein (KK) modes of a scalar field in a thick brane. We derive the Klein-Gordon equation in five dimensional spacetime, and obtain the evolution equation and the Schrödinger-like equation. With the resonances of the scalar KK modes as the initial data, the scalar field is evolved with the maximally dissipative boundary condition. The results show that there are scalar KK resonant particles with long life on the brane, which indicates that these resonances might be viewed as one of the candidates for dark matter.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. improved version
Consequences of energy conservation violation: Late time solutions of $Λ(T) CDM$ subclass of $f(R,T)$ gravity using dynamical system approach
Creators: name: Shabani, Hamid
name: Ziaie, Amir Hadi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very recently, the authors of [PRL {\bf 118} (2017) 021102] have shown that violation of energy-momentum tensor (EMT) could result in an accelerated expansion state via appearing an effective cosmological constant, in the context of unimodular gravity. Inspired by this outcome, in this paper we investigate cosmological consequences of violation of the EMT conservation in a particular class of $f(R,T)$ gravity when only the pressure-less fluid is present. In this respect, we focus on the late time solutions of models of the type $f(R,T)=R+βΛ(-T)$. As the first task, we study the solutions when the conservation of EMT is respected and then we proceed with those in which violation occurs. We have found, provided that the EMT conservation is violated, there generally exist two accelerated expansion solutions which their stability properties depend on the underlying model. More exactly, we obtain a dark energy solution for which the effective equation of state (EoS) depend on model parameters and a de Sitter solution. We present a method to parametrize $Λ(-T)$ function which is useful in dynamical system approach and has been employed in the herein model. Also, we discuss the cosmological solutions for models with $Λ(-T)=8πG(-T)^α$ in the presence of the ultra relativistic matter.
description: 27 pages, 4 figures
Towards Targeted Change Detection with Heterogeneous Remote Sensing Images for Forest Mortality Mapping
Creators: name: Agersborg, Jørgen A.
name: Luppino, Luigi T.
name: Anfinsen, Stian Normann
name: Jepsen, Jane Uhd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Several generic methods have recently been developed for change detection in heterogeneous remote sensing data, such as images from synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and multispectral radiometers. However, these are not well suited to detect weak signatures of certain disturbances of ecological systems. To resolve this problem we propose a new approach based on image-to-image translation and one-class classification (OCC). We aim to map forest mortality caused by an outbreak of geometrid moths in a sparsely forested forest-tundra ecotone using multisource satellite images. The images preceding and following the event are collected by Landsat-5 and RADARSAT-2, respectively. Using a recent deep learning method for change-aware image translation, we compute difference images in both satellites' respective domains. These differences are stacked with the original pre- and post-event images and passed to an OCC trained on a small sample from the targeted change class. The classifier produces a credible map of the complex pattern of forest mortality.
description: 46 pages, 11 figures
Continual SLAM: Beyond Lifelong Simultaneous Localization and Mapping Through Continual Learning
Creators: name: Vödisch, Niclas
name: Cattaneo, Daniele
name: Burgard, Wolfram
name: Valada, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots operating in the open world encounter various different environments that can substantially differ from each other. This domain gap also poses a challenge for Simultaneous Localization and Mapping (SLAM) being one of the fundamental tasks for navigation. In particular, learning-based SLAM methods are known to generalize poorly to unseen environments hindering their general adoption. In this work, we introduce the novel task of continual SLAM extending the concept of lifelong SLAM from a single dynamically changing environment to sequential deployments in several drastically differing environments. To address this task, we propose CL-SLAM leveraging a dual-network architecture to both adapt to new environments and retain knowledge with respect to previously visited environments. We compare CL-SLAM to learning-based as well as classical SLAM methods and show the advantages of leveraging online data. We extensively evaluate CL-SLAM on three different datasets and demonstrate that it outperforms several baselines inspired by existing continual learning-based visual odometry methods. We make the code of our work publicly available at http://continual-slam.cs.uni-freiburg.de.
Securing Data in Multimode Fibers by Exploiting Mode-Dependent Light Propagation Effects
Creators: name: Rothe, Stefan
name: Besser, Karl-Ludwig
name: Krause, David
name: Kuschmierz, Robert
name: Koukourakis, Nektarios
name: Jorswieck, Eduard
name: Czarske, Jürgen W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multimode fibers hold great promise to advance data rates in optical communications but come with the challenge to compensate for modal crosstalk and mode-dependent losses, resulting in strong distortions. The holographic measurement of the transmission matrix enables not only correcting distortions but also harnessing these effects for creating a confidential data connection between legitimate communication parties, Alice and Bob. The feasibility of this physical-layer-security-based approach is demonstrated experimentally for the first time on a multimode fiber link to which the eavesdropper Eve is physically coupled. Once the proper structured light field is launched at Alice's side, the message can be delivered to Bob, and, simultaneously, the decipherment for an illegitimate wiretapper Eve is destroyed. Within a real communication scenario, we implement wiretap codes and demonstrate confidentiality by quantifying the level of secrecy. Compared to an uncoded data transmission, the amount of securely exchanged data is enhanced by a factor of 538. The complex light transportation phenomena that have long been considered limiting and have restricted the widespread use of multimode fiber are exploited for opening new perspectives on information security in spatial multiplexing communication systems.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Emergent eigenstate solution and emergent Gibbs ensemble for expansion dynamics in optical lattices
Creators: name: Vidmar, Lev
name: Xu, Wei
name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the emergent eigenstate solution to quantum dynamics [Phys. Rev. X 7, 021012 (2017)], one can construct a local operator (an emergent Hamiltonian) of which the time-evolving state is an eigenstate. Here we show that such a solution exists for the expansion dynamics of Tonks-Girardeau gases in optical lattices after turning off power-law (e.g., harmonic or quartic) confining potentials, which are geometric quenches that do not involve the boost operator. For systems that are initially in the ground state and undergo dynamical fermionization during the expansion, we show that they remain in the ground state of the emergent local Hamiltonian at all times. On the other hand, for systems at nonzero initial temperatures, the expansion dynamics can be described constructing a Gibbs ensemble for the emergent local Hamiltonian (an emergent Gibbs ensemble).
description: 5+3 pages, 3 figures, as published
Boundary and Corner Terms in the Action for General Relativity
Creators: name: Jubb, Ian
name: Samuel, Joseph
name: Sorkin, Rafael
name: Surya, Sumati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the action principle for general relativity motivated by the path integral approach to quantum gravity. We consider a spacetime region whose boundary has piecewise $C^2$ components, each of which can be spacelike, timelike or null and consider metric variations in which only the pullback of the metric to the boundary is held fixed. Allowing all such metric variations we present a unified treatment of the spacelike, timelike and null boundary components using Cartan's tetrad formalism. Apart from its computational simplicity, this formalism gives us a simple way of identifying corner terms. We also discuss "creases" which occur when the boundary is the event horizon of a black hole. Our treatment is geometric and intrinsic and we present our results both in the computationally simpler tetrad formalism as well as the more familiar metric formalism. We recover known results from a simpler and more general point of view and find some new ones.
description: Latex, 22 pages, 5 figures. Minor revisions and corrections and some clarifications in the text
Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury XVIII. The High-mass Truncation of the Star Cluster Mass Function
Creators: name: Johnson, L. Clifton
name: Seth, Anil C.
name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
name: Beerman, Lori C.
name: Fouesneau, Morgan
name: Weisz, Daniel R.
name: Bell, Timothy A.
name: Dolphin, Andrew E.
name: Sandstrom, Karin
name: Williams, Benjamin F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We measure the mass function for a sample of 840 young star clusters with ages between 10-300 Myr observed by the Panchromatic Hubble Andromeda Treasury (PHAT) survey in M31. The data show clear evidence of a high-mass truncation: only 15 clusters more massive than $10^4$ $M_{\odot}$ are observed, compared to $\sim$100 expected for a canonical $M^{-2}$ pure power-law mass function with the same total number of clusters above the catalog completeness limit. Adopting a Schechter function parameterization, we fit a characteristic truncation mass of $M_c = 8.5^{+2.8}_{-1.8} \times 10^3$ $M_{\odot}$. While previous studies have measured cluster mass function truncations, the characteristic truncation mass we measure is the lowest ever reported. Combining this M31 measurement with previous results, we find that the cluster mass function truncation correlates strongly with the characteristic star formation rate surface density of the host galaxy, where $M_c \propto$ $\langle Σ_{\mathrm{SFR}} \rangle^{\sim1.1}$. We also find evidence that suggests the observed $M_c$-$Σ_{\mathrm{SFR}}$ relation also applies to globular clusters, linking the two populations via a common formation pathway. If so, globular cluster mass functions could be useful tools for constraining the star formation properties of their progenitor host galaxies in the early Universe.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, Accepted by ApJ
Tunable magnon-photon coupling in a compensating ferrimagnet - from weak to strong coupling
Creators: name: Maier-Flaig, H.
name: Harder, M.
name: Klingler, S.
name: Qiu, Z.
name: Saitoh, E.
name: Weiler, M.
name: Geprägs, S.
name: Gross, R.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Huebl, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally study the magnon-photon coupling in a system consitsing of the compensating ferrimagnet gadolinium iron garnet (GdIG) and a three-dimensional microwave cavity. The temperature is varied in order to tune the GdIG magnetization and to observe the transition from the weak coupling regime to the strong coupling regime. By measuring and modelling the complex reflection parameter of the system the effective coupling rate g eff and the magnetization M eff of the sample are extracted. Comparing g eff with the magnon and the cavity decay rate we conclude that the strong coupling regime is easily accessible using GdIG. We show that the effective coupling strength follows the predicted square root dependence on the magnetization.
Entropic Dynamics: A hybrid-contextual theory of Quantum Mechanics
Creators: name: Vanslette, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bell-KS theorem and the more recent $ψ$-epistemic \emph{no-go} theorems of QM are discussed in the context of Entropic Dynamics. In doing so we find that the Bell-KS theorem allows for, a perhaps overlooked, hybrid-contextual model of QM in which one set of commuting observables (position in this case) is non-contextual and all other observables are contextual. Entropic Dynamics is in a unique position as compared to other foundational theories of QM because it derives QM using standard techniques in Bayesian probability theory. In this formalism, position is the preferred basis from which inferences about other contextual operators are made. This leads to the interpretation that Entropic Dynamics is a hybrid-contextual model of QM, which we show to be consistent with the Bell-KS theorem and QM.
description: Conclusions are the same. A few sections were added for emphasis. References were add and grammar mistakes were addressed
Radio Frequency Magneto-Optical Trapping of CaF with High Density
Creators: name: Anderegg, Loic
name: Augenbraun, Benjamin
name: Chae, Eunmi
name: Hemmerling, Boerge
name: Hutzler, Nicholas R.
name: Ravi, Aakash
name: Collopy, Alejandra
name: Ye, Jun
name: Ketterle, Wolfgang
name: Doyle, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate significantly improved magneto-optical trapping of molecules using a very slow cryogenic beam source and RF modulated and DC magnetic fields. The RF MOT confines $1.1(3) \times 10^5$ CaF molecules at a density of $4(1) \times 10^6$ cm$^{-3}$, which is an order of magnitude greater than previous molecular MOTs. Near Doppler-limited temperatures of $340(20)$ $μ$K are attained. The achieved density enables future work to directly load optical tweezers and create optical arrays for quantum simulation.
description: 5 Pages, 4 Figures
Du dégoût à l'enthousiasme: le regard des voyageurs français sur la «corrida», et leur contribution à la consécration de l'horreur
Creators: name: Ibeas-Altamira, Juan Manuel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Travelers
Spain
Bulls
Bullfight
suffering
animal studies

description: The first French writers to describe a bullfight («corrida») are petrified by the pain endured by the «poor beast» agonizing before mad audiences. And yet, with the arrival of the Romantic imagination, it is not the victim, but the execu-tioner, who will come to embody the hero in the mind of European visitors. Théophile Gautier, Prosper Mérimée, Edgard Quinet and even Alexandre Dumas praise the glory of the bullfighter and his underlings. This new super-hu-man becomes a recurrent figure in their writings, thus helping to consolidate that universal association between the Spaniard and bullfighting, and marking the unfortunate fate of bulls for centuries to come.
Bounds on the number of maximal subgroups of finite groups
Creators: name: Ballester-Bolinches, A.
name: Esteban-Romero, R.
name: Jiménez-Seral, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20P05, 20E07, 20E28

description: In this paper we obtain significant bounds for the number of maximal subgroups of a given index of a finite group. These results allow us to give new bounds for the number of random generators needed to generate a finite $d$-generated group with high probability.
description: 18 pages
Scientific Care and Nutritional Management
Creators: name: Dr. Mansingh, Dr. Rohitash Kumar, Dr. Vipin Chandra
Publisher: name: trends in Agriculture Science
Year: 2024

description: Initial care after birth

ü  Establish a clear airway and stimulate respiration by removing the surrounding fetal membrane and clearing the mouth and nose of fetal fluid using a dry towel.

ü  Gentle compression of the of the chest usually results in the establishment of respiratory effort. Respiratory stimulation should be continued by rubbing the thorax.

ü  The umbilicus should be cut approximately 3 cm from the fetal abdomen. The cord dries up on its own in a few days and the scab drop itself in about a week or a maximum of 10 days. Excessive bleeding can be prevented by the application of a ligature (tying off)
title: An Anthropology of Sea Voyage
title: Prolegomena to an epistemology of transoceanic travel
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Schneider, Arnd
Publisher: name: Karl-Franzens-Universität Graz
Year: 2015

description: Mobile Culture Studies. The Journal; Volume 2015 (1); Issue 1;
  Seitenzahl: 31-52; ISSN: 2413-9181;
Uncertainty Relation and Minimum Wave Packet on Circle
Creators: name: Ogawa, Naohisa
name: Nagasawa, Shuichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss on the uncertainty relation (UR) for a closed one dimensional system (circle). In such a system, we cannot use the angle along the circle as a position variable. Otherwise we meet difficulties about the definition of the average position and the standard deviation (SD), and Hermitian property of angular momentum. From these reasons, we define the position variable as Cartesian variable $(X,Y)$ that have the periodic property for angle $ϕ$. In the same way we define a SD by using that variables. Then we obtain two URs. We also discuss the minimum wave packet (MWP) on the circle. MWPs are expressed by von Mises distribution functions. Next we construct total URs by combining two URs for $X$ and $Y$. Furthermore, we extend the variables to $(X_n, Y_n)$ \; with $n= 1,2,3,\cdots$ and we have infinite series of total URs. We consider the meaning of such extended URs.
description: 17pages. 5figures
Graded Generalized Geometry
Creators: name: Vysoky, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalized geometry finds many applications in the mathematical description of some aspects of string theory. In a nutshell, it explores various structures on a generalized tangent bundle associated to a given manifold. In particular, several integrability conditions can be formulated in terms of a canonical Dorfman bracket, an example of Courant algebroid. On the other hand, smooth manifolds can be generalized to involve functions of $\mathbb{Z}$-graded variables which do not necessarily commute. This leads to a mathematical theory of graded manifolds. It is only natural to combine the two theories by exploring the structures on a generalized tangent bundle associated to a given graded manifold. After recalling elementary graded geometry, graded Courant algebroids on graded vector bundles are introduced. We show that there is a canonical bracket on a generalized tangent bundle associated to a graded manifold. Graded analogues of Dirac structures and generalized complex structures are explored. We introduce differential graded Courant algebroids which can be viewed as a generalization of Q-manifolds. A definition and examples of graded Lie bialgebroids are given.
description: Version of the manuscript reuploaded to better match the published version - some sections were shortened
Nanosecond magnetization dynamics during spin Hall switching of in-plane magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Rowlands, Graham E.
name: Aradhya, Sriharsha V.
name: Shi, Shengjie
name: Yandel, Erin H.
name: Oh, Junseok
name: Ralph, Daniel C.
name: Buhrman, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the magnetic dynamics associated with nanosecond scale magnetic switching driven by the spin Hall effect in 3-terminal nanoscale magnetic tunnel junctions (3T-MTJs) with in-plane magnetization. Utilizing fast pulse measurements in a variety of material stacks and detailed micromagnetic simulations, we demonstrate that this unexpectedly fast and reliable magnetic reversal is facilitated by the self-generated Oersted field, and the short-pulse energy efficiency can be substantially enhanced by micromagnetic curvature in the magnetic free layer. The sign of the Oersted field is essential for this enhancement --- in simulations in which we artificially impose a field-like torque with a sign opposite to the effect of the Oersted field, the result is a much slower and stochastic switching process that is reminiscent of the so-called incubation delay in conventional 2-terminal spin-torque-switched MTJs.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Dynamics of bad-cavity enhanced interaction with cold Sr atoms for laser stabilization
Creators: name: Schäffer, Stefan Alaric
name: Christensen, Bjarke Takashi Røjle
name: Henriksen, Martin Romme
name: Thomsen, Jan Westenkær
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid systems of cold atoms and optical cavities are promising systems for increasing the stability of laser oscillators used in quantum metrology and atomic clocks. In this paper we map out the atom-cavity dynamics in such a system and demonstrate limitations as well as robustness of the approach. We investigate the phase response of an ensemble of cold strontium-88 atoms inside an optical cavity for use as an error signal in laser frequency stabilization. With this system we realize a regime where the high atomic phase-shift limits the dynamical locking range. The limitation is caused by the cavity transfer function relating input field to output field. However, the cavity dynamics is shown to have only little influence on the prospects for laser stabilization making the system robust towards cavity fluctuations and ideal for the improvement of future narrow linewidth lasers.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Novel Wake-Up Signaling for Enhanced Energy-Efficiency of 5G and beyond Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Rostami, Soheil
name: Heiska, Kari
name: Puchko, Oleksandr
name: Talvitie, Jukka
name: Leppanen, Kari
name: Valkama, Mikko
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: A low-power and low-latency communication system is vital to extend 5G mobile devices functionality, and to introduce innovative services and applications; on the contrary, limitations of state-of-the-art cellular subsystems prevent designing such a system based on current power saving mechanisms alone. In this paper, a new wake-up signaling for 5G control plane is introduced, aiming to reduce energy consumption of cellular subsystem in downlink. Performance of the proposed scheme in terms of false alarm and misdetection are investigated, and evaluated. The obtained numerical results show that such a signaling can reduce power consumption of discontinuous reception (DRX) by up to 30%, at the cost of negligible increments in signaling overhead.
Extensive Threat Analysis of Vein Attack Databases and Attack Detection by Fusion of Comparison Scores
Creators: name: Schuiki, Johannes
name: Linortner, Michael
name: Wimmer, Georg
name: Uhl, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The last decade has brought forward many great contributions regarding presentation attack detection for the domain of finger and hand vein biometrics. Among those contributions, one is able to find a variety of different attack databases that are either private or made publicly available to the research community. However, it is not always shown whether the used attack samples hold the capability to actually deceive a realistic vein recognition system. Inspired by previous works, this study provides a systematic threat evaluation including three publicly available finger vein attack databases and one private dorsal hand vein database. To do so, 14 distinct vein recognition schemes are confronted with attack samples and the percentage of wrongly accepted attack samples is then reported as the Impostor Attack Presentation Match Rate. As a second step, comparison scores from different recognition schemes are combined using score level fusion with the goal of performing presentation attack detection.
description: This is a preprint of a chapter published in Handbook of Biometric Anti-Spoofing Third Edition: Presentation Attack Detection and Vulnerability Assessment, edited by Marcel, S., Fierrez, J., Evans, N., 2023, Springer, Singapore reproduced with permission of Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd