cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evidence of Phosphate Mining and Agriculture Influence on Concentrations, Forms, and Ratios of Nitrogen and Phosphorus in a Florida River
Creators: name: Duan, Shuiwang
name: Banger, Kamaljit
name: Toor, Gurpal S.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: phosphate-mining
mine reclamation
agriculture
nitrogen
phosphorus
Alafia River
Florida

description: Florida has a long history of phosphate-mining, but less is known about how mining affects nutrient exports to coastal waters. Here, we investigated the transport of inorganic and organic forms of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) over 23 sampling events during a wet season (June–September) in primary tributaries and mainstem of Alafia River that drains into the Tampa Bay Estuary. Results showed that a tributary draining the largest phosphate-mining area (South Prong) had less flashy peaks, and nutrients were more evenly exported relative to an adjacent tributary (North Prong), highlighting the effectiveness of the mining reclamation on stream hydrology. Tributaries draining > 10% phosphate-mining area had significantly higher specific conductance (SC), pH, dissolved reactive P (DRP), and total P (TP) than tributaries without phosphate-mining. Further, mean SC, pH, and particulate reactive P were positively correlated with the percent phosphate-mining area. As phosphate-mining occurred in the upper part of the watershed, the SC, pH, DRP, and TP concentrations increased downstream along the mainstem. For example, the upper watershed contributed 91% of TP compared to 59% water discharge to the Alafia River. In contrast to P, the highest concentrations of total N (TN), especially nitrate + nitrite (NOx–N) occurred in agricultural tributaries, where the mean NOx–N was positively correlated with the percent agricultural land. Dissolved organic N was dominant in all streamwaters and showed minor variability across sites. As a result of N depletion and P enrichment, the phosphate-mining tributaries had significantly lower molar ratios of TN:TP and NOx–N:DRP than other tributaries. Bi-weekly monitoring data showed consistent increases in SC and DRP and a decrease in NOx–N at the South Prong tributary (highest phosphate-mining area) throughout the wet season, and different responses of dissolved inorganic nutrients (negative) and particulate nutrients (positive) to water discharge. We conclude that (1) watersheds with active and reclaimed phosphate-mining and agriculture lands are important sources of streamwater P and N, respectively, and (2) elevated P inputs from the phosphate-mining areas altered the N:P ratios in streamwaters of the Alafia River.
Shadows of rotating Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton black holes surrounded by a plasma
Creators: name: Badía, Javier
name: Eiroa, Ernesto F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider rotating charged black holes with a scalar dilaton field and surrounded by plasma, with the purpose of studying their shadows. The corresponding metric has been previously obtained in the literature from the static solution by using the Newman-Janis algorithm. Assuming a well known form for the pressureless and nonmagnetized plasma distribution, which is suitable for the separation of the Hamilton-Jacobi equation for light, we derive an expression that determines the shape of the shadow. We present some examples of contours and we analyze their observable properties as functions of the charge and the dilaton coupling. We find that the presence of plasma introduces a dependency on the frequency, with the shadow becoming smaller as the frequency decreases.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures; v2: improved and extended version, new references added
Insights into the evolutionary history of tubercle bacilli as disclosed by genetic rearrangements within a PE_PGRS duplicated gene pair
Creators: name: Karboul, Anis
name: Gey Van Pittius, Nicolaas C.
name: Namouchi, Amine
name: Vincent, Véronique
name: Sola, Christophe
name: Rastogi, Nalin
name: Suffys, Philip
name: Fabre, Michel
name: Cataldi, Angel
name: Huard, Richard C.
name: Kurepina, Natalia
name: Kreiswirth, Barry
name: Ho, John L.
name: Gutierrez, M. Cristina
name: Mardassi, Helmi
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Evolution (Biology)
subject: Genetic polymorphisms
subject: Mycobacterium tuberculosis
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pathology

description: Background: The highly homologous PE_PGRS (Proline-glutamic acid_polymorphic GC-rich repetitive sequence) genes are members of the PE multigene family which is found only in mycobacteria. PE genes are particularly abundant within the genomes of pathogenic mycobacteria where they seem to have expanded as a result of gene duplication events. PE_PGRS genes are characterized by their high GC content and extensive repetitive sequences, making them prone to recombination events and genetic variability.
Results: Comparative sequence analysis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis genes PE_PGRS17 (Rv0978c) and PE_PGRS18 (Rv0980c) revealed a striking genetic variation associated with this typical tandem duplicate. In comparison to the M. tuberculosis reference strain H37Rv, the variation (named the 12/40 polymorphism) consists of an in-frame 12-bp insertion invariably accompanied by a set of 40 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) that occurs either in PE_PGRS17 or in both genes. Sequence analysis of the paralogous genes in a representative set of worldwide distributed tubercle bacilli isolates revealed data which supported previously proposed evolutionary scenarios for the M. tuberculosis complex (MTBC) and confirmed the very ancient origin of "M. canettii" and other smooth tubercle bacilli. Strikingly, the identified polymorphism appears to be coincident with the emergence of the post-bottleneck successful clone from which the MTBC expanded. Furthermore, the findings provide direct and clear evidence for the natural occurrence of gene conversion in mycobacteria, which appears to be restricted to modern M. tuberculosis strains.
Conclusion: This study provides a new perspective to explore the molecular events that accompanied the evolution, clonal expansion, and recent diversification of tubercle bacilli.
‘No sugar’, ‘no junk food’, ‘do more exercise’ – moving beyond simple messages to improve the health of Aboriginal women with Hyperglycaemia in Pregnancy in the Northern Territory – A phenomenological study
Creators: name: R Kirkham
name: S King
name: S Graham
name: JA Boyle
name: C Whitbread
name: Skinner, Timothy
name: A Rumbold
name: L Maple-Brown
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 The Authors Background: Globally, rates of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy are highest among Indigenous women. The highest prevalence has been documented among Aboriginal women in the Northern Territory of Australia. Despite knowledge of this for over two decades, there has been very limited examination of the specific needs and experiences of Aboriginal women regarding this condition. Question: How do Aboriginal women with hyperglycaemia in pregnancy understand and experience this condition, and how can their care be improved? Methods: A phenomenological methodology underpinned semi-structured in-depth interviews with 35 Aboriginal women and seven health professionals across the Northern Territory. Data were inductively analysed. Findings: The findings revealed that in general, participants in this study could recite simple health messaging regarding diabetes (e.g. ‘no sugar’), but many lacked in-depth knowledge and this affected the management of their condition. Nevertheless, many identified pregnancy as a powerful motivator for change, signalling scope to improve health messaging. Women consistently expressed the need for diabetes education that was culturally appropriate, a clear desire for maternity care that was family-centred, based on respectful relationships with the same care provider, and respected Aboriginal ways of knowing and being. Conclusion: Existing health messaging around hyperglycaemia in pregnancy has limited reach with Aboriginal women in the Northern Territory. Reducing the burden of hyperglycaemia in pregnancy among these women requires a sustained commitment to redesign of maternity and diabetes care to incorporate the cultural and social context of women's lives.
Work related musculoskeletal disorders among  radiologists and radiographers
Creators: name: SHARAN,
name: MOHANDOSS,
name: RANGANATHAN, Rameshkumar
name: JOSE, Jerrish
name: RAJKUMAR, Joshua Samuel
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: The aim of the systematic review was to review the current literature in order to
know various measurement tools used, ergonomic risk factors and other findings related to work related musculoskeletal disorders among radiologists and radiographers. A review of literature was done using MEDLINE by the keywords "radiologists," “radiographers”, “sonographers”, “ergonomics” and “musculoskeletal disorders”. All the articles were reviewed by two reviewers and studies which were not adequate and inappropriate were excluded. Study design, type of data collection, assessment tools and outcomes obtained in the respective study were noted. Results: Back pain is one of musculoskeletal disorders most commonly experienced by radiographers and radiologists. A prevalence of 72% and 77% of low back pain was found among male and female radiographers, respectively.
Ergonomic equipment and education are provided by application specialists, but the
incidence of WRMSD appears to be prevailing.
Spline approximations to conditional Archimedean copula
Creators: name: Lambert, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a flexible copula model to describe changes with a covariate in the dependence structure of (conditionally exchangeable) random variables. The starting point is a spline approximation to the generator of an Archimedean copula. Changes in the dependence structure with a covariate $x$ are modelled by flexible regression of the spline coefficients on $x$. The performances and properties of the spline estimate of the reference generator and the abilities of these conditional models to approximate conditional copulas are studied through simulations. Inference is made using Bayesian arguments with posterior distributions explored using importance sampling or adaptive MCMC algorithms. The modelling strategy is illustrated with two examples.
description: Key words: Conditional copula ; Archimedean copula ; B-splines
Trade-offs between reliability, validity and utility in the development of human factors methods
Creators: name: WATERSON, Patrick
name: CLEGG, Chris W
name: ROBINSON, Mark A.
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: We describe our experiences in developing human factors methods for a variety
of purposes over the last couple of decades. In particular, we focus on recent discussions centred on the Fitts List (e.g., de Winter and Dodou, 2011) and accident investigation methods (e.g., the degree to which they are practice-focused, theoretically robust, valid and reliable). We draw on earlier work by Karl Weick (1979) concerning the trade-offs involved in developing theory within the social sciences and apply these to method development within human factors and ergonomics. The final section of the paper outline a set of issues for future work (e.g., satisficing trade-offs, using methods in combination, ways of improving the research-practice feedback loops).
Genetic polymorphisms in the cyclooxygenase-2 gene, use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and breast cancer risk
Creators: name: Shen, Jing
name: Gammon, Marilie D.
name: Terry, Mary Beth
name: Teitelbaum, Susan L.
name: Neugut, Alfred I.
name: Santella, Regina P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Breast--Cancer--Research
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents
Genetic polymorphisms
Breast--Cancer--Genetic aspects
Oncology
Medical sciences
Epidemiology

description: Introduction: The association between use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and breast cancer risk remains unclear. Inconsistencies in previously reported findings may be partly due to differences in expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2. We hypothesized that genetic polymorphisms (COX-2 .926, COX-2 .5209, and COX-2 .8473) may reduce overall breast cancer risk or risk for subtypes of breast cancer by modulating the inflammatory response and may interact with aspirin or any NSAID use.
Methods: We conducted a population-based, case-control study in which we genotyped 1,067 breast cancer cases and 1,110 control individuals included in the Long Island Breast Cancer Study Project.
Results: No major effects of the three COX-2 variant alleles on breast cancer risk were found. A total of eight distinct haplotypes and 18 diplotypes were observed in the population. Overall, no significant associations between COX-2 haplotypes/diplotypes and breast cancer risk were observed. Among women who used aspirin or any NSAID there was little evidence for an interaction with the at-risk COX-2 genotypes, with one exception. Among women with hormone receptor positive breast cancer, the reduced risk for any NSAID use was only evident among those who had at least one variant C allele of COX-2 .8473 (odds ratio = 0.7, 95% confidence interval = 0.5 to 1.0; P for the interaction = 0.02). There was no corresponding interaction for aspirin use, possibly because of limited power.
Conclusion: These data provide modest evidence that the C allele of COX-2 .8473 may interact with NSAIDs to reduce risk for hormone receptor positive breast cancer.
A table-top, repetitive pulsed magnet for nonlinear and ultrafast spectroscopy in high magnetic fields up to 30 T
Creators: name: Noe, G. Timothy
name: Nojiri, Hiroyuki
name: Lee, Joseph
name: Woods, Gary L.
name: Leotin, Jean
name: Kono, Junichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a mini-coil pulsed magnet system with direct optical access, ideally suited for nonlinear and ultrafast spectroscopy studies of materials in high magnetic fields up to 30 T. The apparatus consists of a small coil in a liquid nitrogen cryostat coupled with a helium flow cryostat to provide sample temperatures down to below 10 K. Direct optical access to the sample is achieved with the use of easily interchangeable windows separated by a short distance of ~135 mm on either side of the coupled cryostats with numerical apertures of 0.20 and 0.03 for measurements employing the Faraday geometry. As a demonstration, we performed time-resolved and time-integrated photoluminescence measurements as well as transmission measurements on InGaAs quantum wells.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
The scaling and mass expansion
Creators: name: Duetsch, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The scaling and mass expansion (shortly 'sm-expansion') is a new axiom for causal perturbation theory, which is a stronger version of a frequently used renormalization condition in terms of Steinmann's scaling degree. If one quantizes the underlying free theory by using a Hadamard function (which is smooth in $m\geq 0$), one can reduce renormalization of a massive model to the extension of a minimal set of mass-independent, almost homogeneously scaling distributions by a Taylor expansion in the mass $m$. The sm-expansion is a generalization of this Taylor expansion, which yields this crucial simplification of the renormalization of massive models also for the case that one quantizes with the Wightman two-point function, which contains a $\log(-(m^2(x^2-ix^0 0))$-term. We construct the general solution of the new system of axioms (i.e. the usual axioms of causal perturbation theory completed by the sm-expansion), and illustrate the method for a divergent diagram which contains a divergent subdiagram.
description: v2: some explanations added; 26 pages; version to appear in Ann. Henri Poincare
Simplifying Clustering with Graph Neural Networks
Creators: name: Bianchi, Filippo Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The objective functions used in spectral clustering are usually composed of two terms: i) a term that minimizes the local quadratic variation of the cluster assignments on the graph and; ii) a term that balances the clustering partition and helps avoiding degenerate solutions. This paper shows that a graph neural network, equipped with suitable message passing layers, can generate good cluster assignments by optimizing only a balancing term. Results on attributed graph datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed approach in terms of clustering performance and computation time.
Diurnal Variability of Surface Temperature over Lakes: Case Study for Lake Huron
Creators: name: Chen, Wen
name: Pinker, Rachel T.
name: Rivera, Gerardo
name: Hook, Simon
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: lake temperature from satellites
diurnal cycle of lake temperature
diurnal temperature range (DTR) for lakes

description: The significance of the diurnal variability of Lake Surface Temperature (LST) has been recognized; yet, its magnitude in terms of spatial and temporal variability is not well known. Attempts have been made to derive such information from satellites at a high spatial resolution; however, most have been made from polar orbiting satellites that sample only twice per day. We have developed an approach to derive such information from geostationary satellites at an hourly time scale and at a spatial resolution of about 5 km. The approach to derive LST uses the Radiative Transfer for TIROS Operational Vertical Sounder (TOVS) (RTTOV) model driven by the Modern-Era Retrospective analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA)-2 information. The methodology has been implemented over Lake Huron for about six years. We present the results of the evaluation against various independent satellite products and demonstrate that there is a strong diurnal variability in the skin temperature over the lake and that the lowest and highest values, as derived twice per day from polar orbiting satellites, may not represent the magnitude of the Diurnal Temperature Range (DTR).
Joan Konner Program Descriptions
Creators: name: Konner, Joan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Broadcast journalism
Journalism
Mass media

description: Short descriptions of the following television news programs produced by Joan Konner: (1) Joseph Campbell and the Power of Myth, PBS, 2006, Joan Konner: Executive Producer. (2) She Says: Women in the News, PBS, 2000, Joan Konner: Executive producer, co-writer. (3) The Mystery of Love, PBS, 2006, Joan Konner: Executive producer, co-producer, co-writer. (4) Danger! Radioactive Waste, NBC, 1977, Joan Konner: Producer, writer, reporter. (5) The Secret Government: The Constitution in Crisis, PBS, 1987, Joan Konner: Co-executive producer.
“Broadcast Journalism: What’s Missing?"
Creators: name: Konner, Joan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Television broadcasting of news
Television broadcasting--Influence
Broadcast journalism
Mass media

description: This is a speech given by Joan Konner, former Dean of the Columbia Graduate School of Journalism, at the Cosmopolitan Club in New York City on February 24, 1987. She discusses what's missing in her field of broadcast journalism.
“Buying In or Selling Out? Women in Leadership Positions”
Creators: name: Konner, Joan
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1994
Subjects: Leadership in women
Women executives
Sex differences
Women's studies

description: This is the Maurine and Robert Rothschild Lecture given by Joan Konner, former Dean of the Columbia Graduate School of Journalism, at Radcliffe College in Cambridge, MA, on October 20, 1994, at The Arthur and Elizabeth Schlesinger Library on the History of Women in America. She discusses her experiences as and ideas about a woman in management.
Developing a Multicriteria Decision Analysis Framework to Evaluate Reclaimed Wastewater Use for Agricultural Irrigation: The Case Study of Maryland
Creators: name: Paul, Manashi
name: Negahban-Azar, Masoud
name: Shirmohammadi, Adel
name: Montas, Hubert
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2021
Subjects: water reuse
irrigation
recycled water
reclaimed water
groundwater vulnerability

description: Groundwater is the main source of irrigation and residential use in the Eastern Shore Maryland, which is experiencing challenges regarding overuse, saltwater intrusion, and diminishing productivity. The Chesapeake Bay is also facing the problem of water pollution due to pollutant loading from agricultural fields and wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Using recycled water for irrigation has the potential to alleviate the pressure on groundwater and reduce pollutant loading. The objective of this study was to develop a decision tool to explore the use of recycled water for agricultural irrigation in Maryland using Multicriteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) integrated with Geographical Information Systems (GIS). Four main evaluation criteria were included in the GIS-MCDA framework: agricultural land cover, climate, groundwater vulnerability, and characteristics of the WWTPs as sources of recycled water. Groundwater vulnerability zones were developed using the groundwater well density, water extraction data, and the aquifer information. Then, the most suitable areas for irrigation using recycled water were identified. About 13.5% and 32.9% of agricultural land was, respectively, found to be “highly” and “moderately” suitable for irrigation with recycled water when WWTPs were categorized based on their treatment process information. The results provide a useful decision tool to promote the use of recycled water for agricultural irrigation.
Non-local scattering control in coupled resonator networks
Creators: name: Román-García, D. A.
name: Maldonado-Villamizar, F. H.
name: Jaramillo-Ávila, B.
name: Rodríguez-Lara, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate scattering control of Gaussian-like wave packets propagating with constant envelope velocity and invariant waist through coupled resonator optical waveguides (CROW) via an external resonator coupled to multiple sites of the CROW. We calculate the analytical reflectance and transmittance using standard scattering methods from waveguide quantum electrodynamics and show it is possible to approximate them for an external resonator detuned to the CROW. Our analytical and approximate results are in good agreement with numerical simulations. We engineer various configurations using an external resonator coupled to two sites of a CROW to show light trapping with effective exponential decay between the coupling sites, wave packet splitting into two pairs of identical Gaussian-like wave packets, and a non-local Mach-Zehnder interferometer.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures
Estimation of Land Surface Incident and Net Shortwave Radiation from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) Using an Optimization Method
Creators: name: Zhang, Yi
name: Liang, Shunlin
name: He, Tao
name: Wang, Dongdong
name: Yu, Yunyue
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: VIIRS
Incident shortwave radiation
net shortwave radiation
optimization

description: Incident surface shortwave radiation (ISR) is a key parameter in Earth’s surface radiation budget. Many reanalysis and satellite-based ISR products have been developed, but they often have insufficient accuracy and resolution for many applications. In this study, we extended our optimization method developed earlier for the MODIS data with several major improvements for estimating instantaneous and daily ISR and net shortwave radiation (NSR) from Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite observations (VIIRS), including (1) an integrated framework that combines look-up table and parameter optimization; (2) enabling the calculation of net shortwave radiation (NSR) as well as daily values; and (3) extensive global validation. We validated the estimated ISR values using measurements at seven Surface Radiation Budget Network (SURFRAD) sites and 33 Baseline Surface Radiation Network (BSRN) sites during 2013. The root mean square errors (RMSE) over SURFRAD sites for instantaneous ISR and NSR were 83.76 W/m2 and 66.80 W/m2, respectively. The corresponding daily RMSE values were 27.78 W/m2 and 23.51 W/m2. The RMSE at BSRN sites was 105.87 W/m2 for instantaneous ISR and 32.76 W/m2 for daily ISR. The accuracy is similar to the estimation from MODIS data at SURFRAD sites but the computational efficiency has improved by approximately 50%. We also produced global maps that demonstrate the potential of this algorithms to generate global ISR and NSR products from the VIIRS data.
Quantum bath suppression in a superconducting circuit by immersion cooling
Creators: name: Lucas, M.
name: Danilov, A. V.
name: Levitin, L. V.
name: Jayaraman, A.
name: Casey, A. J.
name: Faoro, L.
name: Tzalenchuk, A. Ya.
name: Kubatkin, S. E.
name: Saunders, J.
name: de Graaf, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum circuits interact with the environment via several temperature-dependent degrees of freedom. Yet, multiple experiments to-date have shown that most properties of superconducting devices appear to plateau out at $T\approx 50$ mK -- far above the refrigerator base temperature. This is for example reflected in the thermal state population of qubits, in excess numbers of quasiparticles, and polarisation of surface spins -- factors contributing to reduced coherence. We demonstrate how to remove this thermal constraint by operating a circuit immersed in liquid $^3$He. This allows to efficiently cool the decohering environment of a superconducting resonator, and we see a continuous change in measured physical quantities down to previously unexplored sub-mK temperatures. The $^3$He acts as a heat sink which increases the energy relaxation rate of the quantum bath coupled to the circuit a thousand times, yet the suppressed bath does not introduce additional circuit losses or noise. Such quantum bath suppression can reduce decoherence in quantum circuits and opens a route for both thermal and coherence management in quantum processors.
The superconformal bootstrap for structure constants
Creators: name: Alday, Luis F.
name: Bissi, Agnese
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on non-perturbative bounds for structure constants on N=4 SYM. Such bounds are obtained by applying the conformal bootstrap recently extended to superconformal theories. We compare our results with interpolating functions suitably restricted by the S-duality of the theory. Within numerical errors, these interpolations support the conjecture that the bounds found in this paper are saturated at duality invariant values of the coupling. This extends recent conjectures for the anomalous dimension of leading twist operators.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Diversity and taxonomy of antagonistic fungi Chaetomium spp. on Phytophthora palmivora found in Northern Thailand
Creators: name: Ruthaipat Maumoon, Amphol Prommate
Publisher: name: Faculty of Agriculture
Year: 2020
Subjects: Chaetomium spp., identification, ITS rDNA

description: Khon Kaen Agriculture Journal, 48, 6, 1342-1359
17β-estradiol effects on human coronaries and grafts employed in myocardial revascularization: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Polvani, Gianluca
name: Barili, Fabio
name: Rossoni, Giuseppe
name: Dainese, Luca
name: Ossola, Manuela
name: Topkara, Veli
name: Grillo, Francesco
name: Penza, Eleonora
name: Tremoli, Elena
name: Biglioli, Paolo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Myocardial revascularization
subject: Cardiology--Research
subject: Heart--Surgery
subject: Estradiol--Physiological effect
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medical sciences
subject: Medicine

description: Background: This study was undertaken to compare the in vitro effects of 17β-estradiol on human epicardial coronary arteries, resistance coronary arteries and on arterial vessels usually employed as grafts in surgical myocardial revascularization.
Methods: Coronary artery rings (descending coronary artery, right coronary artery, circumflex coronary artery, first septal branch) and arterial graft rings (internal thoracic artery, gastro-epiploic artery) obtained from human heart donors with heart not suitable to cardiac transplantation were connected to force transducer for isometric force recording. Precontracted specimens with and without endothelium were exposed to increasing concentration of 17β-estradiol (3–30–300–3000 nmol/l) and to vehicle (0.1% v/v ethanol). We also evaluated the effects of 17β-estradiol on vessels before and 20 minutes after exposure to L-monomethyl-arginine and indomethacin.
Results: 17β-estradiol induced a significant relaxation in all precontracted vessels (mean maximum effect: 78,6% ± 8,5). This effect was not different among the different rings and was not related to the presence of endothelium. N-monomethyl-L-arginine and indomethacin did not modify 17β-estradiol relaxant effect.
Conclusion: The vasodilator action of the 17β-estradiol is similar on coronary arteries, resistance coronary arteries and arterial vessels usually employed as grafts in myocardial revascularization.
Measuring large-scale social networks with high resolution
Creators: name: Stopczynski, Arkadiusz
name: Sekara, Vedran
name: Sapiezynski, Piotr
name: Cuttone, Andrea
name: Madsen, Mette My
name: Larsen, Jakob Eg
name: Lehmann, Sune
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the deployment of a large-scale study designed to measure human interactions across a variety of communication channels, with high temporal resolution and spanning multiple years - the Copenhagen Networks Study. Specifically, we collect data on face-to-face interactions, telecommunication, social networks, location, and background information (personality, demographic, health, politics) for a densely connected population of 1,000 individuals, using state-of-art smartphones as social sensors. Here we provide an overview of the related work and describe the motivation and research agenda driving the study. Additionally the paper details the data-types measured, and the technical infrastructure in terms of both backend and phone software, as well as an outline of the deployment procedures. We document the participant privacy procedures and their underlying principles. The paper is concluded with early results from data analysis, illustrating the importance of multi-channel high-resolution approach to data collection.
Normal-mode splitting in the optomechanical system with an optical parametric amplifier and coherent feedback
Creators: name: Li, Yue
name: Wang, Yijian
name: Sun, Hengxin
name: Liu, Kui
name: Gao, Jiangrui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strong coupling in optomechanical systems is the basic condition for observing many quantum phenomena such as optomechanical squeezing and entanglement. Normal-mode splitting (NMS) is the most evident signature of strong coupling systems. Here we show the NMS in the spectra of the movable mirror and the output field in an optomechanical system can be flexibly engineered by a combination of optical parametric amplifier (OPA) and coherent feedback (CF). Moreover, the NMS could be enhanced by optimizing the parameters such as input optical power, OPA gain and phase, CF strength in terms of amplitude reflectivity of beam splitter.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Do poverty and wealth look the same the world over? A comparative study of 12 cities from five high-income countries using street images
Creators: name: Suel, Esra
name: Muller, Emily
name: Bennett, James E.
name: Blakely, Tony
name: Doyle, Yvonne
name: Lynch, John
name: Mackenbach, Joreintje D.
name: Middel, Ariane
name: Mizdrak, Anja
name: Nathvani, Ricky
name: Brauer, Michael
name: Ezzati, Majid
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Supplementary information (PDF 8.0 MB)
Concussion education in medical students studying in Scotland: an assessment of knowledge and future needs
Creators: name: Jervis, Christopher G.
name: Adams, Stephanie A.
name: Fawkner, Samantha
name: Griffin, Steffan A
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Physicians play a key role in ensuring athletes with concussion safely return to sport. Research has shown deficiencies in concussion education amongst physicians and medical students. However, studies have not previously been conducted in UK medical schools. To assess students’ concussion knowledge and learning in Scottish Medical Schools. A survey with 23 questions was distributed to Year 3–6 medical students studying in Scotland in October 2020. The survey included the following: (1) demographics, (2) concussion knowledge, e.g. ‘What is the role of headgear in preventing concussion?’ (3) concussion learning, ‘In which part of the curriculum should concussion be taught?.’ Frequencies of responses were calculated for each question. 200 students responded (response rate 8%). The average symptoms and management score were 87.3% and 31% respectively. 15% of participants knew that headgear has no role in preventing concussions and one participant identified the minimum “return to sport” timeframes for adults and children. 15% had learnt about concussion at medical school with 92.5% interested in receiving concussion teaching at medical school. Knowledge gaps exist in managing and preventing sports-related concussion. There is a discrepancy between levels of concussion teaching and the desire and importance placed on concussion education.
Solvable Lattice Gas Models with Three Phases
Creators: name: Wei, B. B.
name: Yang, C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase boundaries in p-T and p-V diagrams are essential in material science researches. Exact analytic knowledge about such phase boundaries are known so far only in two-dimensional (2D) Ising-like models, and only for cases with two phases. In the present paper we present several lattice gas models, some with three phases. The phase boundaries are either analytically calculated or exactly evaluated.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Supernova Neutrinos as a Precise Probe of Nuclear Neutron Skin
Creators: name: Huang, Xu-Run
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise and model-independent determination of the neutron distribution radius $R_{\rm n}$ and thus the neutron skin thickness $R_{\rm skin}$ of atomic nuclei is of fundamental importance in nuclear physics, particle physics and astrophysics but remains a big challenge in terrestrial labs. We argue that the nearby core-collapse supernova (CCSN) in our Galaxy may render a neutrino flux with unprecedentedly high luminosity, offering perfect opportunity to determine the $R_{\rm n}$ and $R_{\rm skin}$ through the coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CE$ν$NS). We evaluate the potential of determining the $R_{\rm n}$ of lead (Pb) via CE$ν$NS with the nearby CCSN neutrinos in the RES-NOVA project which is designed to hunt CCSN neutrinos using an array of archaeological Pb based cryogenic detectors. We find that an ultimate precision of $\sim 0.1 \%$ for the $R_{\rm n}$ ($\sim 0.006$ fm for the $R_{\rm skin}$) of Pb can be achieved via RES-NOVA in the most optimistic case that the CCSN explosion were to occur at a distance of $\sim 1$ kpc from the Earth.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Discussions on nearby CCSN rate and neutrino detection added. Accepted version to appear in PRD
Effects of preexisting stroke on acute hospital outcomes for older adults admitted with neurotrauma and orthopedic injury
Creators: name: Vervoordt, Samantha M.
name: Hamze, Mohamad K.
name: Dell, Kristine C.
name: Staph, Jason
name: Hillary, Frank G.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We aimed to examine acute trauma outcomes, specifically among those with neurotrauma (NT), in patients with preexisting cerebrovascular accident (CVA). We identified patients treated for neurotrauma or orthopedic trauma at hospitals in Pennsylvania with and without an identified history of stroke with residual deficits, aged 50–99 across four groups of N = 11,648 each. We assessed mortality, craniotomy, and total hospital, ICU, step-down, and ventilator days, functional status at discharge (FSD), and discharge destination. Stroke history did not influence mortality but was predictive of patients undergoing craniotomy (OR = 1.25, p = 0.008). There was a moderate group effect on total ICU days, with the CVA+NT group in the ICU the longest (η2 = 0.10, p < 0.001). Patients with stroke history were less likely to be discharged to home (OR = 0.65, p < 0.001) and had poorer FSD scores across the various domains assessed. Trauma patients with preexisting CVA were found to have poorer outcomes on a number of different metrics when compared to those without stroke history. While it is possible that functional differences pre-injury influenced FSD and discharge destination, given these results, clinicians should assess for possible comorbidities that may influence treatment.
Potentiometric Carbon Quantum Dots-Based Screen-Printed Arrays for Nano-Tracing Gemifloxacin as a Model Fluoroquinolone Implicated in Antimicrobial Resistance
Creators: name: Ayad, Miriam F.
name: Trabik, Yossra A.
name: Abdelrahman, Mona H.
name: Fares, Nermine V.
name: Magdy, Nancy
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2020
Subjects: gemifloxacin mesylate
screen-printed potentiometric sensors
carbon quantum dots
water samples
antimicrobial resistance

description: Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a neglected issue that poses a serious global threat to public health, causing long-term negative consequences at both humanitarian and economic levels. Herein, we report an unprecedented economic fabrication method of seven potentiometric screen-printed sensors for the ultra-trace determination of gemifloxacin (GEMI) as a model of the fluoroquinolones antibiotics deeply involved in the growing AMR problem. Sensors were constructed by depositing homemade carbon ink on a recycled X-ray sheet, patterned using stencils printed with an office printer in simple, cost-effective steps requiring no sophisticated equipment. Four sensors were modified using carbon quantum dots (CQDs) synthesized from dextrose through a single-step method. Sensors exhibited a linear response in the concentration ranges 10−5–10−2 M (sensors 1, 3 and 4), 10−6–10−3 M (sensor 2) and 10−6–10−2 M (sensors 5, 6 and 7). LOD allowed tracing of the target drug at a nano-molar level down to 210 nM. GEMI was successfully determined in pharmaceutical formulations and different water samples without any pretreatment steps with satisfactory recovery (96.93–105.28% with SD values < 3). All sensors revealed a long lifetime of up to several months and are considered promising tools for monitoring water quality and efficiency of water treatment measures.
Graph Neural Network and Spatiotemporal Transformer Attention for 3D Video Object Detection from Point Clouds
Creators: name: Yin, Junbo
name: Shen, Jianbing
name: Gao, Xin
name: Crandall, David
name: Yang, Ruigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous works for LiDAR-based 3D object detection mainly focus on the single-frame paradigm. In this paper, we propose to detect 3D objects by exploiting temporal information in multiple frames, i.e., the point cloud videos. We empirically categorize the temporal information into short-term and long-term patterns. To encode the short-term data, we present a Grid Message Passing Network (GMPNet), which considers each grid (i.e., the grouped points) as a node and constructs a k-NN graph with the neighbor grids. To update features for a grid, GMPNet iteratively collects information from its neighbors, thus mining the motion cues in grids from nearby frames. To further aggregate the long-term frames, we propose an Attentive Spatiotemporal Transformer GRU (AST-GRU), which contains a Spatial Transformer Attention (STA) module and a Temporal Transformer Attention (TTA) module. STA and TTA enhance the vanilla GRU to focus on small objects and better align the moving objects. Our overall framework supports both online and offline video object detection in point clouds. We implement our algorithm based on prevalent anchor-based and anchor-free detectors. The evaluation results on the challenging nuScenes benchmark show the superior performance of our method, achieving the 1st on the leaderboard without any bells and whistles, by the time the paper is submitted.
Thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory with generalized-gradient approximations
Creators: name: Chai, Jeng-Da
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the recently proposed thermally-assisted-occupation density functional theory (TAO-DFT) [J.-D. Chai, J. Chem. Phys. 136, 154104 (2012)] to generalized-gradient approximation (GGA) exchange-correlation density functionals. Relative to our previous TAO-LDA (i.e., the local density approximation to TAO-DFT), the resulting TAO-GGAs are significantly superior for a wide range of applications, such as thermochemistry, kinetics, and reaction energies. For noncovalent interactions, TAO-GGAs with empirical dispersion corrections are shown to yield excellent performance. Due to their computational efficiency for systems with strong static correlation effects, TAO-LDA and TAO-GGAs are applied to study the electronic properties (e.g., the singlet-triplet energy gaps, vertical ionization potentials, vertical electron affinities, fundamental gaps, and symmetrized von Neumann entropy) of acenes with different number of linearly fused benzene rings (up to 100), which is very challenging for conventional electronic structure methods. The ground states of acenes are shown to be singlets for all the chain lengths studied here. With the increase of acene length, the singlet-triplet energy gaps, vertical ionization potentials, and fundamental gaps decrease monotonically, while the vertical electron affinities and symmetrized von Neumann entropy (i.e., a measure of polyradical character) increase monotonically.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, supplementary material not included. This is an extension of our previous work [e.g., see arXiv:1201.4866]
FM1-43 is a permeant blocker of mechanosensitive ion channels in sensory neurons and inhibits behavioural responses to mechanical stimuli
Creators: name: Drew, Liam
name: Wood, John
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Sensory neurons
subject: Pain--Research
subject: Ion channels--Research
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Biophysics
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The molecular identity and pharmacological properties of mechanically gated ion channels in sensory neurons are poorly understood. We show that FM1-43, a styryl dye used to fluorescently label cell membranes, permeates mechanosensitive ion channels in cultured dorsal root ganglion neurons, resulting in blockade of three previously defined subtypes of mechanically activated currents. Blockade and dye uptake is voltage dependent and regulated by external Ca2+. The structurally related larger dye FM3-25 inhibited mechanically activated currents to a lesser degree and did not permeate the channels. In vivo, FMI-43 decreases pain sensitivity in the Randall-Selitto test and increases the withdrawal threshold from von Frey hairs, together suggesting that the channels expressed at the cell body in culture mediate mechanosensation in the intact animal. These data give further insight into the mechanosensitive ion channels expressed by somatosensory neurons and suggest FM dyes are an interesting tool for studying them.
Dialogic leadership and participatory development: key factors of quality of working life and performance
Creators: name: SYVÄNEN, Sirpa
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: Objective of this article is to find out what kinds of development forums and tools were created in the participatory and dialogic action research project, what were the contents and impacts of the development dialogues of the collaborative development in six service units providing services for the elderly. The most important contents of the dialogues were the phenomena of dialogue, creativity, and quality of working life, mutual expectations between managers and employees, different rules, rewards and encouragement, conflict solving principles, and values and basic tasks.