cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Glauber dynamics on trees:Boundary conditions and mixing time
Creators: name: Martinelli, Fabio
name: Sinclair, Alistair
name: Weitz, Dror
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the first comprehensive analysis of the effect of boundary conditions on the mixing time of the Glauber dynamics in the so-called Bethe approximation. Specifically, we show that spectral gap and the log-Sobolev constant of the Glauber dynamics for the Ising model on an n-vertex regular tree with plus-boundary are bounded below by a constant independent of n at all temperatures and all external fields. This implies that the mixing time is O(log n) (in contrast to the free boundary case, where it is not bounded by any fixed polynomial at low temperatures). In addition, our methods yield simpler proofs and stronger results for the spectral gap and log-Sobolev constant in the regime where there are multiple phases but the mixing time is insensitive to the boundary condition. Our techniques also apply to a much wider class of models, including those with hard-core constraints like the antiferromagnetic Potts model at zero temperature (proper colorings) and the hard--core lattice gas (independent sets).
library notes
Creators: name: Shank, Jonathan P
Publisher: name: Digital Library Federation (DLF) Forum News
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Digital Library Federation
subject: DLF
subject: ER&L
subject: Electronic Resources and Libraries
subject: Information Services
subject: Information Storage and Retrieval
subject: Digital libraries
subject: Digital Library Federation

description: Digital Library Federation (DLF) Forum News article focusing on the experience of Electronic Resources and Libraries (ER&L) cross-pollinator Jonathan Shank on attending the 2015 DLF Forum.
Fertilizing capacity of buck (Capra hircus) semen frozen with different concentrations of egg yolk
Creators: name: Al-Faruque, M. H.
name: Bari, F. Y.
name: Siddiqui, M. A. R.
name: Shamsuddin, M.
name: Al-Faruque, M. H.
name: Bari, F. Y.
name: Siddiqui, M. A. R.
name: Shamsuddin, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Goat semen
subject: Egg yolk
subject: Fertilization capacity

description: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of egg yolk concentrations in freezing buck semen and conception rate following Al with frozen-thawed semen. Semen from 4 adult bucks was collected and diluted with 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% of egg yolk, frozen with a concentration of 200 million spermatozoa per 0.25 ml of straws. Sixty four Als were done with semen processed with each of 2.5 and 10% egg yolk concentrations in the diluent. Motility and morphology of the frozen-thawed spermatozoa were evaluated. Motility of semen (%) preserved with 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% of egg yolk were 50.3 ±1.2, 51.5 ± 0.5, 55 ± 0.7 and 56.8 ± 0.7, respectively. A significant ly (p<0.05) lower sperm motility was observed in semen preserved with 2.5 or 5% of egg yolk than that in 10 or 15% of egg yolk. The proportion of abnormal spermatozoa (%) were 15.4 ± 1.0, 13.1 ± 1.0, 10.9 ± 0.8 and 10.8 ± 0.6 in diluents with 2.5, 5, 10 and 15% of egg yolk. Acrosome integrity compromised significantly in the semen processed with 2.5 and 5% egg yolk than that of 40 and 15% egg yolk (p<0.05). Semen frozen with 2.5% and 10% of egg yolk produced conception rates of 39.1 and 48.4%, respectively. However, the difference in pregnancy rates was not significant. Increased concentration of egg yolk in the diluents provided better semen quality.
Spin Resonances in Iron-Selenide High-Tc Superconductors by Proximity to Hidden Spin Density Wave
Creators: name: Rodriguez, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent inelastic neutron scattering studies by Pan et al., Nature Communications 8, 123 (2017), find evidence for spin excitations at energies above the quasi-particle gap in an iron-selenide high-Tc superconductor. The momenta of the spin excitations form a diamond around the checkerboard wavevector, Q_AF, that is associated with the square lattice of iron atoms that makes up the system. It has been suggested that such a "hollowed-out" spin-excitation spectrum is due to hidden Neel order. We study such a hidden spin-density wave (hSDW) state that results from nested Fermi surfaces at the center and at the corner of the unfolded Brillouin zone. It emerges within mean field theory from an extended Hubbard model over a square lattice of iron atoms that contain the minimal d_xz and d_yz orbitals. Opposing Neel order exists over the isotropic d+ = d_xz + i d_yz and d- = d_xz - i d_yz orbitals. The dynamical spin susceptibility of the hSDW is computed within the random phase approximation, at perfect nesting. Unobservable Goldstone modes that disperse acoustically are found at Q_AF. A threshold is found in the spectrum of observable spin excitations that forms a "floating ring" at Q_AF also. The ring threshold moves down in energy toward zero with increasing Hund's Rule coupling, while it moves up in energy with increasing magnetic frustration. Comparison with the normal-state features of the spin-excitation spectrum shown by electron-doped iron selenide is made. Also, recent predictions of a Lifshitz transition from the nested Fermi surfaces to Fermi surface pockets at the corner of the folded Brillouin zone will be discussed.
description: 41 pages, 8 figures
Szenario: SZ-SB-IV-e-02: Studieninteressierte*r informiert sich
Creators: name: Erdmann, Sönke
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Lernpfadfinder
Bildung
BIRD
Bildungsraum Digital
Recherchebegleitung
Online Self Assessments
OSA
Data Wallet
Schulische Bildung
Hochschulbewerbung
Bildungsplattform

description: Die Anforderungen für das BIRD-Portal wurden mithilfe von Szenario-basiertem Design abgeleitet. Die zugrundeliegende Szenariensammlung soll nun Schritt für Schritt veröffentlicht werden.
End-cap Modules for the ATLAS SCT
Creators: name: Nisius, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The performance of prototype end-cap modules of the ATLAS SemiConductor Tracker (SCT) are discussed. The results are obtained in stand-alone as well as test beam measurements performed on modules both before and after irradiation with protons with a total dose corresponding to the expectation for ten years of operation at the LHC. Finally, the present status of construction is summarised.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, invited talk presented at the RD03 conference in Florence, 29 September 2003
Bruhat inversions in Weyl groups and torsion-free classes over preprojective algebras
Creators: name: Enomoto, Haruhisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10 (Primary), 16G20, 17B22, 18E40 (Secondary)

description: For an element $w$ of the simply-laced Weyl group, Buan-Iyama-Reiten-Scott defined a subcategory $\mathcal{F}(w)$ of a module category over a preprojective algebra of Dynkin type. This paper aims at studying categorical properties of $\mathcal{F}(w)$ via its connection with the root system. We show that by taking dimension vectors, simple objects in $\mathcal{F}(w)$ bijectively correspond to Bruhat inversion roots of $w$. As an application, we obtain a combinatorial criterion for $\mathcal{F}(w)$ to satisfy the Jordan-Hölder property (JHP). To achieve this, we develop a method to find simple objects in a general torsion-free class by using a brick sequence associated to a maximal green sequence of it. For type A case, we give a diagrammatic construction of simple objects, and show that (JHP) can be characterized via a forest-like permutation, introduced by Bousquet-Mélou and Butler in the study of Schubert varieties.
description: 30 pages, minor revision, comments welcome
title: The self-controlled case series method: performance and design in studies of vaccine safety
Creators: name: Musonda, Patrick
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2007

description: The self-controlled case series method (SCCSM) is a novel study design to investigate associations between acute responses with transient point exposures (for example vaccination). The method provides an attractive alternative to cohort and case-control designs. The method is unusual in that it requires data only on individuals who experience a response (the ‘cases’). The method works as follows. Prior to the study a post-exposure risk period is defined, which corresponds to the period in which responses causally related to exposure are likely to occur. An observation period is also defined, and individuals with responses arising within this observation period are sampled. The data are then analysed using a Poisson model, conditional on the total number of events occurring for each individual. This conditioning ensures that including only cases does not bias the relative risk estimator. The self-controlled case series method has been used to good effect in many settings, particularly in investigating putative associations between adverse events and paediatric vaccines. However, so far only limited research has been undertaken on the statistical properties of the method in finite samples, and virtually no work has been undertaken on design issues. The method also needs to be extended in various directions, for example application in surveillance methods. This thesis provides detailed investigations of these topics. To this end, expressions for the asymptotic bias, variance and mean square error of the log-relative incidence are derived. Simulation studies taking account of age are carried out to study small and medium sample performance. Sample size formulae are obtained and validated via simulations, thus improving the design of self-controlled case series studies. The method is extended to applications in surveillance and simulation studies are conducted to evaluate this use of the method. The methods are illustrated using data on intussusception and oral polio vaccine.
Quantum phase transition of the Bose-Hubbard model on cubic lattice with anisotropic hopping
Creators: name: Wang, Tao
name: Zhang, Xue-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum many-body system, dimensionality plays a critical role on type of the quantum phase transition. In order to study the quantum system during dimensional crossover, we studied the Bose-Hubbard model on cubic lattice with anisotropic hopping by using the high order symbolic strong coupling expansion method. The analytic series expanded boundaries between the Mott-insulator and superfluid phase up to eighth order are calculated. The critical exponents are extracted by Padé re-summation method, which clearly shows the dimensional crossover behavior. Meanwhile, the critical points at commensurate filling can also be obtained, and they match well with the prediction of renormalization group theory. The scaling of the gap energy and whole phase diagram are given at last, and they can be taken as the benchmark for experiment and numerical simulations in the future study.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome and more information at http://cqutp.org/users/xfzhang/
Design techniques to improve the resilience of computing systems: software layer
Creators: name: Rodriguez Condia, Josie Esteban
name: Bosio, Alberto
name: Di carlo, Stefano
name: Di Natale, Giorgio
name: Sonza Reorda, Matteo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Preprint (before reviews) version of the book chapter "Design techniques to improve the resilience of computing systems: software layer" in Cross-Layer Reliability of Computing Systems (2020).
The effect of land tenure governance on grain efficiency: Evidence from three provinces in eastern China
Creators: name: Shi, X.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Heerink, N.
name: Ma, X.
name: Shi, X.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Heerink, N.
name: Ma, X.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: This study aims to identify the mechanisms through which land tenure governance affects grain efficiency in an integrated framework and to examine the impacts of the public governance, village self-governance, and relational governance of land tenure on the technical efficiency of contracted land and rented-in land. Farm level survey data collected from Liaoning, Jiangxi, and Jiangsu provinces covering the years of 2014 and 2015 is used for the empirical analysis. The findings indicate that (i) public governance associated with land certification significantly increases the technical efficiency of grain production; (ii) village self-governance and administrative land reallocations can serve as substitutes for the land rental market in optimizing the distribution of land resources and improving technical efficiency; and (iii) compared to multi-year transfer contracts, both annual and open-ended transfer contracts have negative impacts on technical efficiency. Keywords: land tenure governance, tenure security, technical efficiency, China Acknowledgement : Financial support for this paper has been gratefully received from the Natural Science Foundation of China (71373127, 71573134, 71773054 and 71603121) and the Postdoctoral Science Foundation of China (2016M601839).
Three "universal" mesoscopic Josephson effects
Creators: name: Beenakker, C. W. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 1. Introduction 2. Supercurrent from Excitation Spectrum 3. Excitation Spectrum from Scattering Matrix 4. Short-Junction Limit 5. Universal Josephson Effects 5.1 Quantum Point Contact 5.2 Quantum Dot 5.3 Disordered Point Contact (Average supercurrent, Supercurrent fluctuations)
description: 21 pages, 2 figures; legacy review
Perinatal Transmission of Trauma: The Association Between Adverse Childhood Experiences and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes
Creators: name: Fleming, Oriana Marie
name: Miller, Emily Stinnett
name: Grobman, William A
Publisher: name: DigitalHub. Galter Health Sciences Library & Learning Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: adverse childhood experiences
subject: preterm birth
subject: racial minorities
subject: trauma
subject: health care disparities
subject: Adverse Childhood Experiences
subject: Pregnancy Complications
subject: Sociodemographic Factors

description: Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) have been consistently associated with chronic health conditions later in life. The relationship between ACEs in girls and adverse pregnancy outcomes is less well understood. We hypothesize that individuals with more ACEs will have a higher frequency of preterm birth (PTB). Our objective was to examine the association between ACEs and PTB.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included individuals who enrolled in the Collaborative Care Model for Perinatal Depression Support Services (COMPASS) between 1/2017 and 9/2020 and who delivered  24 weeks gestation. Upon enrollment in COMPASS, individuals complete self-reported psychosocial assessments including the ACE screen. Sociodemographic characteristics and perinatal outcomes were abstracted from the electronic health record. The number of ACEs was evaluated both dichotomized (high ACE score defined as ACE > 3) and continuously in bivariate and multivariate analyses. Results: During the study period, 1074 individuals met inclusion criteria; 242 (23%) reported a high ACE score (Table 1). Individuals with a high ACE score had a 2.3-fold increased odds of PTB (95% CI: 1.6-3.3). For each additional point on the ACE screen, the odds of preterm birth increased by 13% (95% CI: 4-23%). After controlling for medical co-morbidities and other social determinants of health, the association between a high ACE score and PTB persisted (aOR 2.0, 95% CI 1.3-3.1; Table 2). Conclusions: ACEs are associated with an increased risk of PTB. This observed relationship may be mediated by the dysregulated hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and immune activity that have been observed in those with early life adversity. Future research should investigate interventions to mitigate these associations to reduce inter-generational cycles of disadvantage.
Trends and clinico-epidemiological features of human rabies cases in Bangladesh 2006–2018
Creators: name: Sumon Ghosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Diseases

description: Vaccinating dogs against rabies is an effective means of reducing human rabies. We subjected 1327 clinically diagnosed human rabies death and mass dog vaccination (MDV) data during 2006–2018 to quantify the impacts of MDV on human rabies incidence in Bangladesh and a subset of rabies death data (422) for clinico-epidemiological analysis. A positive and increasing trend of MDV (p = 0.01 and tau = 0.71) and a negative and declining trend (p
Awareness of rabies and response to dog bites in a Bangladesh community
Creators: name: Sumon Ghosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Diseases

description: Community awareness regarding rabies and treatment seeking behaviours are critical both for the prevention and control of the disease in human and animals. We conducted a study to explore people's awareness about rabies, their attitudes towards dogs and practices associated with treating dog bites in Satkhira Sadar, a south‐western sub‐district of Bangladesh. Of the total 3200 households (HHs) surveyed, the majority of the respondents have heard about rabies (73%) and there was a high level of awareness that dog bite is the main cause of rabies (86%), and that rabies can be prevented by vaccination (85%). However, 59% of the dog bite victims first seek treatment from traditional healers instead of visiting the hospitals, 29% received the rabies vaccine, 2% practiced proper wound washing with soap and water, while 4.8% have not taken any measures. None of the victims have received rabies immunoglobulin (RIG). Of the respondents, 5.2% reported a history of dog bite in at least one family member, and 11.8% reported a history of dog bite in domestic animals during the previous year. The HHs having a higher number of family members (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.07–1.2), having a pet dog (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4–3.2) and caring or feeding a community dog (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.4–2.9) showed an increased risk of getting a dog bite. Among the bite victims, 3.6% (n = 6) humans and 15.8% (n = 60) animals died. As a measure for dog population management (DPM), 56% preferred sterilization while the rest preferred killing of dogs. The current treatment seeking behaviours of the respondents should be improved through additional education and awareness programme and better availability for the provision of post‐exposure prophylaxis in Bangladesh. We recommend scaling up national mass dog vaccination and DPM to reduce the burden of rabies cases and dog bites in Bangladesh.
Quantum Cosmology for Tunneling Universes
Creators: name: Kim, Sang Pyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a quantum cosmological model consisting of a Euclidean region and a Lorentzian region, Hartle-Hawking's no-bounary wave function, and Linde's wave function and Vilenkin's tunneling wave function are briefly described and compared with each other. We put a particular emphasis on semiclassical gravity from quantum cosmology and compare it with the conventional quantum field theory in curved spacetimes. Finally, we discuss the recent debate on catastrophic particle production in the tunneling universe between Rubakov and Vilenkin within the semiclassical gravity.
description: RevTex4; invited talk at VI APCTP International Conference of Gravitation and Astrophysics (ICGA6), Seoul, Oct. 6-9, 2003
Rytinotus Broun 1880
Creators: name: Lord, Nathan P.
name: Leschen, Richard A. B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Zopheridae
Rytinotus

description: RYTINOTUS Broun, 1880
 Rytinotus Broun, 1880: 204. Type species: Rytinotus squamulosus Broun, 1880, fixed by monotypy.
 Rhytinotus: Waterhouse 1881: plate 42. Broun 1886: 834. Hutton 1898: 156. Incorrect subsequent spelling, not available.
 Rhytidonotus: Kirby 1882: 44. Incorrect subsequent spelling, not available.
 Edalus Broun, 1886: 834. Unjustified replacement name for “ Rhytinotus” Broun [= Rytinotus] based on incorrect concept of homonymy.
 Rytidinotus: Hutton 1904: 170. Incorrect subsequent spelling, not available.
 Rhitidinotus: Broun 1909b: 146. Hutton 1904: 170 (cited in error as Broun 1904 by Emberson 2000: 23). Hudson 1923: 369. Hudson 1934: 60. Hudson 1950: 163. Pritchard 1953: 21. Emberson 1998: 45. Incorrect subsequent spelling, not available.
 Remarks: Broun described the genus with an original spelling of Rytinotus (1880: 204). Later, Broun (1886:834) gave Edalus as a replacement name based on the similarity of his original Rytinotus to the genus Rytinota. This was an unjustified action based on an incorrect concept of homonymy. For a full discussion of the Rytinotus genusgroup names, spellings and their usage, see Emberson 2000.
description: Published as part of Lord, Nathan P. & Leschen, Richard A. B., 2014, Illustrated Catalogue and Type Designations of the New Zealand Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea), pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 3809 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3809.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4918362
CITY COUNCILS AND COUNTY BOARDS IN ACTION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SUBURBAN DECISION-MAKING
Creators: name: Lyons, Schley Roosevelt
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 25-03, page: 2016.
Classes of critical avalanche dynamics in complex networks
Creators: name: Radicchi, Filippo
name: Castellano, Claudio
name: Flammini, Alessandro
name: Muñoz, Miguel A.
name: Notarmuzi, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dynamical processes exhibiting absorbing states are essential in the modeling of a large variety of situations from material science to epidemiology and social sciences. Such processes exhibit the possibility of avalanching behavior upon slow driving. Here, we study the distribution of sizes and durations of avalanches for well-known dynamical processes on complex networks. We find that all analyzed models display a similar critical behavior, characterized by the presence of two distinct regimes. At small scales, sizes and durations of avalanches exhibit distributions that are dependent on the network topology and the model dynamics. At asymptotically large scales instead -- irrespective of the type of dynamics and of the topology of the underlying network -- sizes and durations of avalanches are characterized by power-law distributions with the exponents of the standard mean-field critical branching process.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, Supplemental Material available at this http://homes.sice.indiana.edu/filiradi/Mypapers/Avalanches/SM.pdf
Scaling in a temperature quench in systems with a Lifshitz point: Nonconserved and conserved order parameters
Creators: name: Basu, Abhik
name: Bhattacharjee, Jayanta K
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the growth of an N-component (including N=1) order parameter when a system with a Lifshitz point is quenched from the homogeneous disordered state to the ordered states. We study the scaling behaviours of the structure factors for both the non-conserved and conserved order parameters in the long time limit after a quench through the Lifshitz point by using the large-N and renormalisation group (RG) methods. We construct the analogues of Allen-Cahn and Lifshitz-Slyzov growth laws for nonconserved and conserved order parameters which agree with our RG results for N=1. By extending our large-N methods to the anisotropic Lifshitz point we show that the anisotropy is relevant for the growth of the nonconserved order parameter, but irrelevant for the conserved case in the large-N limit. We discuss the effects of mode coupling terms on scaling of the structure factor for the conserved order parameter case. We also consider the ordering dynamics after a quench through an off-Lifshitz point. In a large-N set up we calculate the form of the structure factors of a non-conserved order parameter when a system is quenched from the homogeneous paramegnetic to the modulated phase. We show that after a quench from the paramegnetic to the modulated phase the form of the structure factor violates the standard form of dynamical scaling. Our results compare favourably with the available numerical results.
description: To appear in JPhysA (2004)
John Gordon Wilson
Creators: name: Trebilcock, Paul, 1902-1981
Publisher: name: Galter Health Science Library & Learning Center
Year: 2016

description: Oil portrait of Dr. John Gordon Wilson. Measures 142 cm H x 118 cm W x 8 cm D. Artist: Paul Trebilcock. Plaque, measuring 11.4 cm H x 22.9 cm W x 1 cm D reads: John Gordon Wilson, A.M., M.B., C.M. Professor of Otology 1908-1924 Professor of Otolaryngology 1924- Portrait by Paul Trebilcock. Photograph of framed portrait hung in Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University. On April 28, 1944 the portrait of Dr. John Gordon Wilson was unveiled at a tea in Archibald Church Library. On this occasion the painting was presented to the University, and accepted on its behalf by Dr. Miller. (Source: Quarterly Bulletin of NUMS 18(4): 257-260, Winter Quarter, 1944)
Substellar companions and isolated planetary mass objects from protostellar disc fragmentation
Creators: name: Rice, W. K. M.
name: Armitage, P. J.
name: Bonnell, I. A.
name: Bate, M. R.
name: Jeffers, S. V.
name: Vine, S. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-gravitating protostellar discs are unstable to fragmentation if the gas can cool on a time scale that is short compared to the orbital period. We use a combination of hydrodynamic simulations and N-body orbit integrations to study the long term evolution of a fragmenting disc with an initial mass ratio to the star of M_disc/M_star = 0.1. For a disc which is initially unstable across a range of radii, a combination of collapse and subsequent accretion yields substellar objects with a spectrum of masses extending (for a Solar mass star) up to ~0.01 M_sun. Subsequent gravitational evolution ejects most of the lower mass objects within a few million years, leaving a small number of very massive planets or brown dwarfs in eccentric orbits at moderately small radii. Based on these results, systems such as HD 168443 -- in which the companions are close to or beyond the deuterium burning limit -- appear to be the best candidates to have formed via gravitational instability. If massive substellar companions originate from disc fragmentation, while lower-mass planetary companions originate from core accretion, the metallicity distribution of stars which host massive substellar companions at radii of ~1 au should differ from that of stars with lower mass planetary companions.
description: 5 pages, accepted for publication in MNRAS
THE ORGANIZATION OF PETROLEUM EXPORTING COUNTRIES (AN INQUIRY PERTAINING TO THE TRENDS LEADING TO THE CREATION OF THIS REGULATORY MECHANISM)
Creators: name: Rajaee, Ahmad Ali
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 25-05, page: 3090.
Trends and clinico-epidemiological features of human rabies cases in Bangladesh 2006–2018
Creators: name: Sumon Ghosh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110804 Medical Virology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Vaccinating dogs against rabies is an effective means of reducing human rabies. We subjected 1327 clinically diagnosed human rabies death and mass dog vaccination (MDV) data during 2006–2018 to quantify the impacts of MDV on human rabies incidence in Bangladesh and a subset of rabies death data (422) for clinico-epidemiological analysis. A positive and increasing trend of MDV (p = 0.01 and tau = 0.71) and a negative and declining trend (p
Buckling and metastability in membranes with dilation arrays
Creators: name: Plummer, Abigail
name: Nelson, David R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study periodic arrays of impurities that create localized regions of expansion, embedded in two-dimensional crystalline membranes. These arrays provide a simple elastic model of shape memory. As the size of each dilational impurity increases (or the relative cost of bending to stretching decreases), it becomes energetically favorable for each of the $M$ impurities to buckle up or down into the third dimension, thus allowing for of order $2^M$ metastable surface configurations corresponding to different impurity "spin" configurations. With both discrete simulations and the nonlinear continuum theory of elastic plates, we explore the buckling of both isolated dilations and dilation arrays at zero temperature, guided by analogies with Ising antiferromagnets. We conjecture ground states for systems with triangular and square impurity superlattices, and comment briefly on the possible behaviors at finite temperatures.
description: 23 pages, 25 figures
Tenure security, social relations and contract choice: Endogenous matching in the Chinese land rental market
Creators: name: Ma, X.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Heerink, N.
name: Shi, X.
name: Liu, H.
name: Ma, X.
name: Zhou, Y.
name: Heerink, N.
name: Shi, X.
name: Liu, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: In the developing countries rental transactions between partners with close social relations that use informal contracts are still widespread and this may reduce the potential of the land rental market to enhance productivity and equity. Based on household data collected in Jiangxi and Liaoning provinces in China in 2015, this paper examines the relationship between land tenure security, social relations and land rental contract choices, using a nested logit framework. The empirical results show that landlords are more likely to rent out land to tenants who live in the same village, rather than to relatives or strangers, and that insecure land tenure encourages landlords to select informal contracts. Our findings suggest that these decisions (of partner-type and contract-type) are made simultaneously, and that they are made on the basis of a landlord s perceived security of his land rights and the priority he gives to establishing a flexible rental relationship. Key Words: land rental market; contract choice; tenure security, social relations Acknowledgement : Financial support for our research is provided by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (71773054; 71373127; 71503174) and by the Programme Strategic Scientific Alliances of the Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and the Ministry of Science and Technologies of P.R. China (SURE+ project, 2016YFE0103100).
What Would You Ask the Machine Learning Model? Identification of User Needs for Model Explanations Based on Human-Model Conversations
Creators: name: Kuźba, Michał
name: Biecek, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently we see a rising number of methods in the field of eXplainable Artificial Intelligence. To our surprise, their development is driven by model developers rather than a study of needs for human end users. The analysis of needs, if done, takes the form of an A/B test rather than a study of open questions. To answer the question "What would a human operator like to ask the ML model?" we propose a conversational system explaining decisions of the predictive model. In this experiment, we developed a chatbot called dr_ant to talk about machine learning model trained to predict survival odds on Titanic. People can talk with dr_ant about different aspects of the model to understand the rationale behind its predictions. Having collected a corpus of 1000+ dialogues, we analyse the most common types of questions that users would like to ask. To our knowledge, it is the first study which uses a conversational system to collect the needs of human operators from the interactive and iterative dialogue explorations of a predictive model.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Field-dependent diamagnetic transition in magnetic superconductor $Sm_{1.85} Ce_{0.15} Cu O_{4-y}$
Creators: name: Prozorov, R.
name: Lawrie, D. D.
name: Hetel, I.
name: Fournier, P.
name: Giannetta, R. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic penetration depth of single crystal $\rm{Sm_{1.85}Ce_{0.15}CuO_{4-y}}$ was measured down to 0.4 K in dc fields up to 7 kOe. For insulating $\rm{Sm_2CuO_4}$, Sm$^{3+}$ spins order at the Néel temperature, $T_N = 6$ K, independent of the applied field. Superconducting $\rm{Sm_{1.85}Ce_{0.15}CuO_{4-y}}$ ($T_c \approx 23$ K) shows a sharp increase in diamagnetic screening below $T^{\ast}(H)$ which varied from 4.0 K ($H = 0$) to 0.5 K ($H =$ 7 kOe) for a field along the c-axis. If the field was aligned parallel to the conducting planes, $T^{\ast}$ remained unchanged. The unusual field dependence of $T^{\ast}$ indicates a spin freezing transition that dramatically increases the superfluid density.
description: 4 pages, RevTex 4
Large deviations of radial SLE$_{\infty}$
Creators: name: Ang, Morris
name: Park, Minjae
name: Wang, Yilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive the large deviation principle for radial Schramm-Loewner evolution ($\operatorname{SLE}$) on the unit disk with parameter $κ\rightarrow \infty$. Restricting to the time interval $[0,1]$, the good rate function is finite only on a certain family of Loewner chains driven by absolutely continuous probability measures $\{ϕ_t^2 (ζ)\, dζ\}_{t \in [0,1]}$ on the unit circle and equals $\int_0^1 \int_{S^1} |ϕ_t'|^2/2\,dζ\,dt$. Our proof relies on the large deviation principle for the long-time average of the Brownian occupation measure by Donsker and Varadhan.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, revised according to referee's report
Syncalus Sharp 1876
Creators: name: Lord, Nathan P.
name: Leschen, Richard A. B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Zopheridae
Syncalus

description: SYNCALUS Sharp, 1876
 Syncalus Sharp, 1876: 20. Type species: Syncalus hystrix Sharp, 1876, designated by Ivie and Ślipiński 1990: 12.
 Acosmetus Broun, 1880: 197. Type species: Acosmetus oblongus Broun, 1880, designated by Ivie and Ślipiński 1990: 12. Synonymized with Syncalus Sharp by Ślipiński and Lawrence 1997: 412.
 Remarks: Sharp (1976:20–21) erected this genus and stated its affinities with and differences from Tarphius, suggesting that morphology would indicate members of the two genera probably share similar habits. Broun (1880: 197) erected Acosmetus to include members that appeared to be intermediate between Coxelus (= Notocoxelus) and Syncalus, while Sharp (1882: 81) considered Acosmetus to be a distinct genus.
description: Published as part of Lord, Nathan P. & Leschen, Richard A. B., 2014, Illustrated Catalogue and Type Designations of the New Zealand Zopheridae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea), pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 3809 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3809.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4918362
A new index for gendered decision-making, considering all family members, its determinants, and effects on food security.
Creators: name: Sariyev, O.
name: Sariyev, O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: Despite the broad range of studies measuring women s intra-household decision-making power, the possibility of all family members actively participating in family decisions is widely ignored or undervalued. Therefore, this article first develops a decision-making index that accounts for different decisions potentially being made solitarily or jointly by any number of individuals reported to participate in decision-making. Second, determinants of decision-making power are identified. Finally, the effect of higher women participation in decision-making on food security is assessed. Based on a random sample of 378 households living in a 200 km radius around the city of Hawassa in Southwestern Ethiopia, principal component analysis is applied to generate an index of empowerment proxy, i.e. participation in decision-making. Linear regression models revealed that livestock income, asset ownership, land endowment, and adultness of sons are significant determinants of women s participation in decision-making. In addition, women s bargaining power, education, access to credit and extension, and off-farm income significantly increased the food variety score as an indicator of food and nutrition security. Acknowledgement : Acknowledgment: The financial support of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) is kindly acknowledged.
AN EVALUATION OF SECTION 1009 OF TITLE X OF THE NATIONAL DEFENSE EDUCATION ACT IN IMPROVING STATISTICAL SERVICES IN STATE EDUCATION AGENCIES
Creators: name: Sava, Samuel George
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 25-05, page: 2817.
A Counterexample to $C^k$-regularity for the Newlander-Nirenberg Theorem
Creators: name: Yao, Liding
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give an example of $C^k$-integrable almost complex structure that does not admit a corresponding $C^{k+1}$-complex coordinate system.
description: 5 pages, with structure of proof changed, and have more details. To be appeared in Proceedings of the AMS
Really too risk averse and too impatient to escape poverty? Insights from a field experiment in West Africa
Creators: name: Liebenehm, S.
name: Waibel, H.
name: Liebenehm, S.
name: Waibel, H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty

description: In this paper, we analyze risk and time preferences as factors related to technology adoption. In the context of West African small-scale cattle farm households, we examine why the adoption of prophylactic drugs as an ex-ante risk management strategy to protect cattle from tsetse-transmitted African Animal Trypanosomosis (AAT) despite experts recommendation is low. To do so, we conducted two types of economic field experiments: (i) to elicit farmers risk and time preferences, considering additional behavioral information beyond standard economic theory and (ii) to observe farmers adoption decision of alternative drug treatments to manage the risk of AAT. Results show that loss aversion and high discount rates are associated with low prophylaxis take-up. More specifically, farmers value losses of animals that are infected with AAT larger than gains from healthy animals and short-term benefits from therapeutic treatment over long-term benefits from prophylactic treatment. As a consequence, a loss averse and impatient farmer that is less likely to apply AAT prophylaxis forgives chances of higher and sustainable returns, thereby deteriorates risk management abilities and likely perpetuates poverty. We suggest that the consideration of farmers risk and time preferences can help improving the effectiveness of livestock extension and veterinary services in West Africa. Acknowledgement : This work was supported by the German Research Foundation (DFG) [grant number WA 1002/8-1].
Signatures of QCD Phase Transition in a Newborn Compact Star
Creators: name: Wong, K. -W.
name: Chu, M. -C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the scenario that a new born strange quark star cools to the Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) phase transition temperature and converts to a neutron star, and we calculate the evolution of temperature and luminosity of the compact star. We argue that the conversion energy released can be of the order $10^{53}$ erg. We also propose that a second neutrino burst will be emitted at the completion of this phase transition.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, minor modified and subtitles added, typos corrected. Accepted for publication in Monthly Notice Letter
Finite temperature effects on the collapse of trapped Bose-Fermi mixtures
Creators: name: Liu, Xia-Ji
name: Modugno, Michele
name: Hu, Hui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using the self-consistent Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov-Popov theory, we present a detailed study of the mean-field stability of spherically trapped Bose-Fermi mixtures at finite temperature. We find that, by increasing the temperature, the critical particle number of bosons (or fermions) and the critical attractive Bose-Fermi scattering length increase, leading to a significant stabilization of the mixture.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures; minor changes, proof version, to appear in Phys. Rev. A (Nov. 1, 2003)
The agricultural competitiveness of the CIS countries in international trade
Creators: name: Mizik, T.
name: Torok, A.
name: Jambor, A.
name: Kovacs, S.
name: Sipos, L.
name: Mizik, T.
name: Torok, A.
name: Jambor, A.
name: Kovacs, S.
name: Sipos, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: The competitiveness of agriculture in international trade is a relatively understudied field in the literature, especially in Central Asia. The aim of the paper is to analyse the comparative advantage patterns in the agriculture of the Commonwealth of Independent States. Results suggest that agriculture still plays an important role in the region and the majority of countries are net food importers. Moldova, Kyrgyzstan and Armenia had the highest Balassa indices with cereals as leading export products and Belarus, Ukraine and Azerbaijan are also having some comparative advantage at the same time. Based on trade performances, several country groups were set up. Armenia, Kyrgyzstan and Moldova showed similar characteristics, while Russia with Kazakhstan as well as Belarus with Ukraine demonstrated similarity. Comparative advantages, however, have not turned out to be persistent according to stability and duration tests as survival chances fell significantly from 2000-2003 to 2012-2015. Acknowledgement : This work was supported by the National Research, Development and Innovation Office [grant number 119669, Competitiveness of Agriculture in International Trade: A Global Perspective ]. The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support.
title: Die Schöpfungserzählungen der Genesis
Creators: name: Fischer, Irmtraud
Publisher: name: Graz University Library Publishing
Year: 2021

description: Die Schöpfungstexte der Genesis beeinflussen bis heute überaus wirksam die Weltbeziehungen der Menschen in ihrem Verhältnis zur unbelebten Schöpfung, in ihrer Gemeinsamkeit mit den Tieren und vor allem im Verhältnis der Geschlechter zueinander: KreationistInnen und Gen-deristInnen  beziehen  sich  auf  diese  Texte,  wenn  sie  gegen  Evolution  und  Gleichbehandlung  aller  Geschlechter  ankämpfen.  Der  Beitrag  lotet  die  Sinndimensionen  des  hebräischen  Texts  von  Gen  1–3  aus  und  zeigt,  dass  er  für  westliche  Geschlechterdemokratien  noch  immer  an-schlussfähig ist – wenn man ihn nicht fundamentalistisch liest.
Schlagwörter: Schöpfungsakt, andauernde Schöpfung, creatio ex nihilo, Kreationismus, Evo-lution,  Mensch  als  Bild  Gottes,  Geschlechteregalität,  Geschlechterhierarchie,  Bedeutung  von  Ersterschaffenem und „Hilfe, die entspricht“, Gebotsübertretung, Nacktheit, Scham, Sexuali-tät, göttliche versus gefallener Schöpfungsordnung, Mühsal menschlicher Lebensbedingungen.
description: AbstractUntil  today,  the  creation  texts  in  Genesis  influence  the  human  world-relationships  in  a  very  strong manner: the relationship to inanimate creation, the common orogin with animals, and above  all  the  relationship  between  the  sexes:  creationists  and  genderists  refer  to  these  texts,  struggling against evolution concepts and gender equality. This article delves into the dimen-sions of possible interpretations of the Hebrew text and shows its connectivity to our western gender democracies – if it is not read in fundamentalist ways.

Keywords:  Act  of  creation,  continuing  creation,  creatio  ex  nihilo,  creationism,  evolution,  humankind as image of god, gender equality, gender hierarchy, significance of the first-created, suitable  partner/help,  transgression  of  commandments,  nakedness,  shame,  sexuality,  God’s  creation-order versus social order after the fall, labour of human conditions
IMROVING NOVICE PROGRAMMING EDUCATION IN NIGERIAN POLYTECHNICS: A WORK IN PROGRESS.
Creators: name: Oladele Campbell
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 80308 Programming Languages

description: Learning or teaching programming is problematic , especially in novice undergraduate classes popularly called CS1. Globally, high failure rates are recorded. Scratch a block based programming language is touted to ease the cognitive burden of learning programming, with most research reporting anecdotal evidence. This study aims at investigating the impact of Scratch on the achievement of first-year computer science students in some Nigerian polytechnics. A Quasi-experimental study involving nonequivalent groups design was employed. The research was conducted in stages: pilot and main studies. Coarsened Exact Matching (CEM) was used to obtain matched samples from both pilot and main studies data. Paired sample t test and ANCOVA were used to find answers to research questions