cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Trade-offs drive resource specialization and the gradual establishment of ecotypes
Creators: name: Østman, Bjørn
name: Lin, Randall
name: Adami, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Speciation is driven by many different factors. Among those are trade-offs between different ways an organism utilizes resources, and these trade-offs can constrain the manner in which selection can optimize traits. Limited migration among allopatric populations and species interactions can also drive speciation, but here we ask if trade-offs alone are sufficient to drive speciation in the absence of other factors. We present a model to study the effects of trade-offs on specialization and adaptive radiation in asexual organisms based solely on competition for limiting resources, where trade-offs are stronger the greater an organism's ability to utilize resources. In this model resources are perfectly substitutable, and fitness is derived from the consumption of these resources. The model contains no spatial parameters, and is therefore strictly sympatric. We quantify the degree of specialization by the number of ecotypes formed and the niche breadth of the population, and observe that these are sensitive to resource influx and trade-offs. Resource influx has a strong effect on the degree of specialization, with a clear transition between minimal diversification at high influx and multiple species evolving at low resource influx. At low resource influx the degree of specialization further depends on the strength of the trade-offs, with more ecotypes evolving the stronger trade-offs are. The specialized organisms persist through negative frequency-dependent selection. In addition, by analyzing one of the evolutionary radiations in greater detail we demonstrate that a single mutation alone is not enough to establish a new ecotype, even though phylogenetic reconstruction identifies that mutation as the branching point. Instead, it takes a series of additional mutations to ensure the stable coexistence of the new ecotype in the background of the existing ones, reminiscent of a recent observa
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Principal Component Analysis of Ground Level Enhancement of Cosmic Ray Events
Creators: name: Ugwoke, R. E.
name: Ubachukwu, A. A.
name: Urama, J. O.
name: Okike, O.
name: Alhassan, J. A.
name: Chukwude, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We applied principal component analysis (PCA) to the study of five ground level enhancement (GLE) of cosmic ray (CR) events. The nature of the multivariate data involved makes PCA a useful tool for this study. A subroutine program written and implemented in R software environment generated interesting principal components. Analysis of the results shows that the method can distinguish between neutron monitors (NMs) that observed Forbush decrease (FD) from those that observed GLE at the same time. The PCA equally assigned NMs with identical signal counts with the same correlation factor (r) and those with close r values equally have a close resemblance in their CR counts. The results further indicate that while NMs that have the same time of peak may not have the same r, most NMs that had the same r also had the same time of peak. Analyzing the second principal components yielded information on the differences between NMs having opposite but the same or close values of r. NMs that had the same r equally had the tendency of being in close latitude.
Joint Transceiver Design Algorithms for Multiuser MISO Relay Systems with Energy Harvesting
Creators: name: Cai, Yunlong
name: Zhao, Ming-Min
name: Shi, Qingjiang
name: Champagne, Benoit
name: Zhao, Min-Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a multiuser relay system with simultaneous wireless information and power transfer. Assuming that both base station (BS) and relay station (RS) are equipped with multiple antennas, this work studies the joint transceiver design problem for the BS beamforming vectors, the RS amplify-and-forward transformation matrix and the power splitting (PS) ratios at the single-antenna receivers. Firstly, an iterative algorithm based on alternating optimization (AO) and with guaranteed convergence is proposed to successively optimize the transceiver coefficients. Secondly, a novel design scheme based on switched relaying (SR) is proposed that can significantly reduce the computational complexity and overhead of the AO based designs while maintaining a similar performance. In the proposed SR scheme, the RS is equipped with a codebook of permutation matrices. For each permutation matrix, a latent transceiver is designed which consists of BS beamforming vectors, optimally scaled RS permutation matrix and receiver PS ratios. For the given CSI, the optimal transceiver with the lowest total power consumption is selected for transmission. We propose a concave-convex procedure based and subgradient-type iterative algorithms for the non-robust and robust latent transceiver designs. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of all the proposed algorithms.
Joint-Horizon: Random and Directed Exploration in Human Dyads
Creators: name: Yavuz, Mustafa
name: Doğu, Ece G.
name: Bahrami, Bahador
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Behavior and cognition

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Age Effects on Eye Blink-Related Neural Activity and Functional Connectivity in Driving
Creators: name: Alyan, Emad
name: Arnau, Stefan
name: Getzmann, Stephan
name: Elias Reiser, Julian
name: Karthaus, Melanie
name: Wascher, Edmund
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Behavior and cognition

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Star formation history for the starburst dwarf galaxy in the Local Group, IC 10
Creators: name: Gholami, Mahtab
name: Javadi, Atefeh
name: van Loon, Jacco Th.
name: Khosroshahi, Habib
name: Saremi, Elham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: IC 10 as a starburst dwarf galaxy in the Local Group (LG) has a large population of newly formed stars that are massive and intrinsically very bright in comparison with other LG galaxies. Using the Isaac Newton Telescope (INT) with the Wide Field Camera (WFC) in the i-band and V-band, we performed an optical monitoring survey to identify the most evolved asymptotic giant branch stars (AGBs) and red supergiant stars (RSGs) in this star-forming galaxy, which can be used to determine the star formation history (SFH). The E(B - V) as an effective factor for obtaining the precise magnitude of stars is measured for each star using a 2D dust map (SFD98) to obtain a total extinction for each star in both the i-band and V-band. We obtained the photometric catalog for 53579 stars within the area of 0.07 deg$^{2}$ (13.5 kpc$^{2}$), of which 762 stars are classified as variable candidates after removing the foreground stars and saturated ones from our catalog. To reconstruct the SFH for IC 10, we first identified 424 long-period variable (LPV) candidates within the area of two half-light radii (2r$_{h}$) from the center of the galaxy. We estimated the recent star formation rate (SFR) at $\sim$ 0.32 M$_{\odot}$ yr$^{-1}$ for a constant metallicity Z = 0.0008, showing the galaxy is currently undergoing high levels of star formation. Also, a total stellar mass of 0.44 $\times$ 10$^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$ is obtained within 2r$_{h}$ for that metallicity.
description: 3 pages, 1 figure
Mechanochemical Suzuki polymerization for the synthesis of polyfluorenes
Creators: name: Nirmani, L. P. Tharika
name: Pary, Fathima F.
name: Nelson, Toby L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Herein are reported the syntheses of poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PF), poly(9,9-dioctylfluorene-alt-benzothiadiazole) (PFBT), and poly[(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethylamino)propyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)] (PFN) by employing catalytic mechanochemical Suzuki polymerization in a ball mill. This mechanochemical synthesis technique can yield soluble functionalized polyfluorenes and its derivatives in 30 min or less. Furthermore, the polymer light emitting diode and photovoltaic interfacial electrolyte, poly(9,9-bis(3′-(N,N-dimethyl)-N-ethylammoinium-propyl-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluprene))dibromide (PFN-Br), was obtained via a facile mechanochemical quaternization reaction at the terminal amino groups of PFN.
Beyond Cognitive Maps: Gradually Eliminating Spatial Influence in Learned Graph Representations
Creators: name: Kunze, Timon
name: Garvert, Mona
name: Crepaldi, Davide
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Behavior and cognition

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Synergistic short-term synaptic plasticity mechanisms for working memory
Creators: name: Fiebig, Florian
name: Chrysanthidis, Nikolaos
name: Lansner, Anders
name: Herman, Pawel
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
An arithmetic count of the lines meeting four lines in P^3
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Padmavathi
name: Wickelgren, Kirsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 14N15, 14F42, Secondary 55M25, 14G27

description: We enrich the classical count that there are two complex lines meeting four lines in space to an equality of isomorphism classes of bilinear forms. For any field $k$, this enrichment counts the number of lines meeting four lines defined over $k$ in $\mathbb{P}^3_k$, with such lines weighted by their fields of definition together with information about the cross-ratio of the intersection points and spanning planes. We generalize this example to an infinite family of such enrichments, obtained using an Euler number in $\mathbb{A}^1$-homotopy theory. The classical counts are recovered by taking the rank of the bilinear forms. In the appendix, the condition that the four lines each be defined over $k$ is relaxed to the condition that the set of four lines being defined over $k$.
description: Accepted for publication in Transactions of the AMS
Macroscopic Virtual Particles Exist
Creators: name: Nimtz, Guenter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81

description: Virtual particles expected to occur in microscopic processes as they are introduced, for instance by Feynman in the Quantum Electro Dynamics, as photons performing in an anonymous way in the interaction between two electrons. This note describes macroscopic virtual particles as they appear in classical evanescent modes and in quantum mechanical tunneling particles. Remarkably, these large virtual particles are present in wave mechanics of elastic, electromagnetic, and Schrödinger fields.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Ultraslow PSR J0901-4046 with an ultrahigh magnetic field of $3.2\times10^{16}$ G
Creators: name: Sob'yanin, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent discovery of a radio-emitting neutron star with an ultralong spin period of 76 s, PSR J0901-4046, raises a fundamental question on how such a slowly rotating magnetized object can be active in the radio band. A canonical magnetic field of $1.3\times10^{14}$ G estimated from the pulsar period and its time derivative is wholly insufficient for PSR J0901-4046 to operate. Consideration of a magnetic inclination angle of $10^\circ$ estimated from the pulse width gives a higher magnetic field of $1.5\times10^{15}$ G, which is still an order of magnitude lower than the necessary minimum of $2.5\times10^{16}$ G following from the death line for radio pulsars with magnetic fields exceeding the critical value $4.4\times10^{13}$ G. We show that if the observed microstructure of single pulses reflects relativistic beaming, the inferred surface magnetic field appears to be $3.2\times10^{16}$ G, and without this assumption it is no less than $2.7\times10^{16}$ G, which explains the existence of radio emission from PSR J0901-4046. This estimation makes PSR J0901-4046 a radio pulsar with the strongest magnetic field known and is a sign that PSR J0901-4046 slows down not by magnetic-dipole radiation, but rather by an electric current of 56 MA, when rotational energy is expended in accelerating charged particles over the polar cap.
description: 6 pages
A virtually ample field that is not ample
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Padmavathi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14G05, 12E30

description: A field $K$ is called ample if for every geometrically integral $K$-variety $V$ with a smooth $K$-point, $V(K)$ is Zariski-dense in $V$. A field $K$ is virtually ample if some finite extension of $K$ is ample. We prove that there exists a virtually ample field that is not ample.
Mechanochemically induced synthesis of N-ion doped ZnO: solar photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue
Creators: name: Zeljković, Saša
name: Balaban, Milica
name: Gajić, Dragana
name: Vračević, Savka
name: Ivas, Toni
name: Vranković, Dragoljub
name: Jelić, Dijana
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: N-ion doped zinc oxide was synthesized by the mechanochemically induced solvent-deficient method using zinc nitrate hexahydrate and ammonium bicarbonate as the precursors. The synthesis was carried out using different calcination temperatures to investigate the dependence of how calcination temperature affects the crystal structure, bandgap, and photocatalytic activity of the zinc oxide doped with nitrogen. The morphological, structural, and optical properties of ZnO were investigated by thermal analysis (TG/DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS), scanning electronic microscopy (SEM), X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS), and N2 adsorption-desorption (BET). Photocatalytic properties of synthesized materials were determined by methylene blue (MB) degradation in an aqua medium exposed to sunlight. N-ion doped zinc oxide samples calcined at 400, 500, and 600°C are found to be highly efficient photocatalysts, with the MB almost completely degraded after 180 min. Per contra, N-ion doped zinc oxide sample calcined at 300°C is found to be less efficient, most likely caused by different defect chemistry.
Replay of Chaotic Dynamics through Differential Hebbian Learning with Transmission Delays
Creators: name: Reich, Georg
name: Vilimelis Aceituno, Pau
name: Cook, Matthew
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
RF simulation platform of qubit control using FDSOI technology for quantum computing
Creators: name: Jacquinot, H.
name: Maurand, R.
name: Bada, G. Troncoso Fernandez
name: Bertrand, B.
name: Cassé, M.
name: Niquet, Y. M.
name: de Franceschi, S.
name: Meunier, T.
name: Vinet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report on simulations of an Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) RF control line for semiconductor electron spin qubits. The simulation includes both the ESR line characteristics (geometry and configuration, stack and material properties) and the electromagnetic (EM) environment at the vicinity of the qubits such as gates and interconnect network. With the accurate assessment of the magnetic and electric field distribution, we found that the EM environment of the qubits contributes significantly to the ESR line efficiency for spin control characterized by the magnetic over electric field ratio generated at the qubit location.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, Solid State Electronics (2022)
On the frequencies of circumbinary discs in protostellar systems
Creators: name: Elsender, Daniel
name: Bate, Matthew R.
name: Lakeland, Ben S.
name: Jensen, Eric L. N.
name: Lubow, Stephen H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the analysis of circumbinary discs formed in a radiation hydrodynamical simulation of star cluster formation. We consider both pure binary stars and pairs within triple and quadruple systems. The protostellar systems are all young (ages < $10^5$ yrs). We find that the systems that host a circumbinary disc have a median separation of $\approx 11$ au, and the median characteristic radius of the discs is $\approx 64$ au. We find that $89$ per cent of pure binaries with semi-major axes $a<1$ au have a circumbinary disc, and the occurrence rate of circumbinary discs is bimodal with log-separation in pure binaries with a second peak at $a \approx 50$ au. Systems with $a>100$ au almost never have a circumbinary disc. The median size of a circumbinary disc is between $\approx 5-6\ a$ depending on the order of the system, with higher order systems having larger discs relative to binary separation. We find the underlying distribution of mutual inclinations between circumbinary discs and binary orbit of both observed and simulated discs to not differ statistically.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Experiment-based Models to Study Local Learning Rules for Spiking Neural Networks
Creators: name: Amos, Giulia
name: Saramago, Maria A.
name: Suter, Alexandre
name: Schmid, Tim
name: Duru, Jens
name: Weaver, Sean
name: Maurer, Benedikt
name: Ihle, Stephan J.
name: Vörös, Janos
name: Vulić, Katarina
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Bulk effects on topological conduction on the surface of 3-D topological insulators
Creators: name: Wu, Quansheng
name: Sacksteder, Vincent E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The surface states of a topological insulator in a fine-tuned magnetic field are ideal candidates for realizing a topological metal which is protected against disorder. Its signatures are (1) a conductance plateau in long wires in a finely tuned longitudinal magnetic field and (2) a conductivity which always increases with sample size, and both are independent of disorder strength. We numerically study how these experimental transport signatures are affected by bulk physics in the interior of the topological insulator sample. We show that both signatures of the topological metal are robust against bulk effects. However the bulk does substantially accelerate the metal's decay in a magnetic field and alter its response to surface disorder. When the disorder strength is tuned to resonance with the bulk band the conductivity follows the predictions of scaling theory, indicating that conduction is diffusive. At other disorder strengths the bulk reduces the effects of surface disorder and scaling theory is systematically violated, signaling that conduction is not fully diffusive. These effects will change the magnitude of the surface conductivity and the magnetoconductivity.
Analysis of burst sequences in mouse prefrontal cortex during learning
Creators: name: Shabani, Hamed
name: Muysers, Hannah
name: Sauer, Jonas-Frederic
name: Bartos, Marlene
name: Leibold, Christian
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
The Relation Between Galaxy ISM and Circumgalactic OVI Gas Kinematics Derived from Observations and $Λ$CDM Simulations
Creators: name: Kacprzak, Glenn G.
name: Vliet, Jacob R. Vander
name: Nielsen, Nikole M.
name: Muzahid, Sowgat
name: Pointon, Stephanie K.
name: Churchill, Christopher W.
name: Ceverino, Daniel
name: Arraki, Kenz S.
name: Klypin, Anatoly
name: Charlton, Jane C.
name: Lewis, Emmy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first galaxy-OVI absorption kinematic study for 20 absorption systems (EW>0.1~Å) associated with isolated galaxies (0.15$33^{\circ}$). OVI absorption along the galaxy major axis is not correlated with galaxy rotation kinematics, with only 1/10 systems that could be explained with rotation/accretion models. This is in contrast to co-rotation commonly observed for MgII absorption. OVI along the minor axis could be modeled by accelerating outflows but only for small opening angles, while the majority of the OVI is decelerating. Along both axes, stacked OVI profiles reside at the galaxy systemic velocity with the absorption kinematics spanning the entire dynamical range of their galaxies. The OVI found in AMR cosmological simulations exists within filaments and in halos of ~50 kpc surrounding galaxies. Simulations show that major axis OVI gas inflows along filaments and decelerates as it approaches the galaxy while increasing in its level of co-rotation. Minor axis outflows in the simulations are effective within 50-75 kpc beyond that they decelerate and fall back onto the galaxy. Although the simulations show clear OVI kinematic signatures they are not directly comparable to observations. When we compare kinematic signatures integrated through the entire simulated galaxy halo we find that these signatures are washed out due to full velocity distribution of OVI throughout the halo. We conclude that OVI alone does not serve as a useful kinematic indicator of gas accretion, outflows or star-formation and likely best probes the halo virial temperature.
description: 24 pages, 21 figures, 4 tables. Accepted to ApJ on November 14, 2018
Cascading gauge theory on dS_4 and String Theory Landscape
Creators: name: Buchel, Alex
name: Galante, Damian A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Placing anti-D3 branes at the tip of the conifold in Klebanov-Strassler geometry provides a generic way of constructing meta-stable de Sitter (dS) vacua in String Theory. A local geometry of such vacua exhibit gravitational solutions with a D3 charge measured at the tip opposite to the asymptotic charge. We discuss a restrictive set of such geometries, where anti-D3 branes are smeared at the tip. Such geometries represent holographic dual of cascading gauge theory in dS4 with or without chiral symmetry breaking. We find that in the phase with unbroken chiral symmetry the D3 charge at the tip is always positive. Furthermore, this charge is zero in the phase with spontaneously broken chiral symmetry. We show that the effective potential of the chirally symmetric phase is lower than that in the symmetry broken phase, i.e, there is no spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking for cascading gauge theory in dS4. The positivity of the D3 brane charge in smooth de-Sitter deformed conifold geometries with fluxes presents difficulties in uplifting AdS vacua to dS ones in String Theory via smeared anti-D3 branes.
description: 47 pages, 6 figures. v2: published version. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1108.6070
Physiological Implementation of Synaptic Plasticity at Behavioral Timescales Supports Computational Properties of Place Cell Formation
Creators: name: Huang, Hsuan-Pei
name: Wang, Han-Ying
name: Chen, Ching-Tsuey
name: Hsu, Ching-Lung
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Aspects of the zero $Λ$ limit in the AdS/CFT correspondence
Creators: name: Costa, R. N. Caldeira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the correspondence between QFT observables and bulk solutions in the context of AdS/CFT in the limit as the cosmological constant $Λ\to 0$. We focus specifically on the spacetime metric and a non-backreacting scalar in the bulk, compute the one-point functions of the dual operators and determine the necessary conditions for the correspondence to admit a well-behaved zero $Λ$ limit. We discuss holographic renormalization in this limit and find that it requires schemes that partially break diffeomorphism invariance of the bulk theory. In the specific case of three bulk dimensions, we compute the zero $Λ$ limit of the holographic Weyl anomaly and reproduce the central charge that arises in the central extension of $\mathfrak{bms}_{3}$. We compute holographically the energy and momentum of those QFT states dual to flat cosmological solutions and to the Kerr solution and find an agreement with the bulk theory. We also compute holographically the renormalized 2-point function of a scalar operator in the zero $Λ$ limit and find it to be consistent with that of a conformal operator in two dimensions less. Finally, our results can be used in a new definition of asymptotic Ricci-flatness at null infinity based on the zero $Λ$ limit of asymptotically Einstein manifolds.
description: 70 pages. v3: published version
MadAnalysis 5: status and new developments
Creators: name: Conte, Eric
name: Fuks, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MadAnalysis 5 is a new Python/C++ package facilitating phenomenological analyses that can be performed in the framework of Monte Carlo simulations of collisions to be produced in high-energy physics experiments. It allows, by means of a user-friendly interpreter, to perform professional physics analyses in a very simple way. Starting from event samples as generated by any Monte Carlo event generator, large classes of selections can be implemented through intuitive commands, many standard kinematical distributions can be automatically represented by histograms and all results are eventually gathered into detailed Html and latex reports. In this work, we briefly report on the latest developments of the code, focusing on the interface to the FastJet program dedicated to jet reconstruction.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, contribution to the proceedings of the 15th International Workshop of advanced computing and analysis techniques (ACAT 2013), 16-21 May 2013, China; version to appear in the proceedings
Thermodynamics of (2+1)-flavor strongly interacting matter at nonzero isospin
Creators: name: Stiele, Rainer
name: Fraga, Eduardo S.
name: Schaffner-Bielich, Juergen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the phase structure of strongly interacting matter at non-vanishing isospin before the onset of pion condensation in the framework of the unquenched Polyakov-Quark-Meson model with 2+1 quark flavors. We show results for the order parameters and all relevant thermodynamic quantities. In particular, we obtain a moderate change of the pressure with isospin at vanishing baryon chemical potential, whereas the chiral condensate decreases more appreciably. We compare the effective model to recent lattice data for the decrease of the pseudo-critical temperature with the isospin chemical potential. We also demonstrate the major role played by the value of the pion mass in the curvature of the transition line, and the need for lattice results with a physical pion mass. Limitations of the model at nonzero chemical potential are also discussed.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures; version published in Phys. Lett. B
Principal subspaces for the affine Lie algebras in types $D$, $E$ and $F$
Creators: name: Butorac, Marijana
name: Kožić, Slaven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B67 (Primary) 17B69, 05A19 (Secondary)

description: We consider the principal subspaces of certain level $k\geqslant 1$ integrable highest weight modules and generalized Verma modules for the untwisted affine Lie algebras in types $D$, $E$ and $F$. Generalizing the approach of G. Georgiev we construct their quasi-particle bases. We use the bases to derive presentations of the principal subspaces, calculate their character formulae and find some new combinatorial identities.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure, comments are welcome
Entanglement entropy on the fuzzy sphere
Creators: name: Karczmarek, Joanna L.
name: Sabella-Garnier, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain entanglement entropy on the noncommutative (fuzzy) two-sphere. To define a subregion with a well defined boundary in this geometry, we use the symbol map between elements of the noncommutative algebra and functions on the sphere. We find that entanglement entropy is not proportional to the length of the region's boundary. Rather, in agreement with holographic predictions, it is extensive for regions whose area is a small (but fixed) fraction of the total area of the sphere. This is true even in the limit of small noncommutativity. We also find that entanglement entropy grows linearly with N, where N is the size of the irreducible representation of SU(2) used to define the fuzzy sphere.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. v3 to appear in JHEP. Clarified statements about UV/IR mixing and interpretation in terms of degrees of freedom on the fuzzy sphere vs. matrix degrees of freedom, fixed some typos and added references
Configuration sets with nonempty interior
Creators: name: Greenleaf, Allan
name: Iosevich, Alex
name: Taylor, Krystal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28A80, 52C10

description: A theorem of Steinhaus states that if $E\subset \mathbb R^d$ has positive Lebesgue measure, then the difference set $E-E$ contains a neighborhood of $0$. Similarly, if $E$ merely has Hausdorff dimension $\dim_{\mathcal H}(E)>(d+1)/2$, a result of Mattila and Sjölin states that the distance set $Δ(E)\subset\mathbb R$ contains an open interval. In this work, we study such results from a general viewpoint, replacing $E-E$ or $Δ(E)$ with more general $Φ\,$-configurations for a class of $Φ:\mathbb R^d\times\mathbb R^d\to\mathbb R^k$, and showing that, under suitable lower bounds on $\dim_{\mathcal H}(E)$ and a regularity assumption on the family of generalized Radon transforms associated with $Φ$, it follows that the set $Δ_Φ(E)$ of $Φ$-configurations in $E$ has nonempty interior in $\mathbb R^k$. Further extensions hold for $Φ\,$-configurations generated by two sets, $E$ and $F$, in spaces of possibly different dimensions and with suitable lower bounds on $\dim_{\mathcal H}(E)+\dim_{\mathcal H}(F)$.
description: 19 pages, no figures. Added references and commentary, and corrected a more few typos for publication
A new FDSOI spin qubit platform with 40nm effective control pitch
Creators: name: Bédécarrats, T.
name: Paz, B. Cardoso
name: Diaz, B. Martinez
name: Niebojewski, H.
name: Bertrand1, B.
name: Rambal, N.
name: Comboroure, C.
name: Sarrazin, A.
name: Boulard, F.
name: Guyez, E.
name: Hartmann, J. -M.
name: Morand, Y.
name: Magalhaes-Lucas, A.
name: Nowak, E.
name: Catapano, E.
name: Cassé, M.
name: Urdampilleta, M.
name: Niquet, Y. -M.
name: Gaillard, F.
name: De Franceschi, S.
name: Meunier, T.
name: Vinet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Operating Si quantum dot (QD) arrays requires homogeneous and ultra-dense structures with aggressive gate pitch. Such a density is necessary to separately control the QDs chemical potential (i.e. charge occupation of each QD) from the exchange interaction (i.e. tunnel barriers between each QD). We present here a novel Si quantum device integration that halves the effective gate pitch and provides full controllability in 1D FDSOI QD arrays. The major advantages of this architecture are explored through numerical simulations. Functionality of the fabricated structure is validated via 300K statistical electrical characterization, while tunnel-coupling control is demonstrated at cryogenic temperature.
Sarcasm Detection using Hybrid Neural Network
Creators: name: Misra, Rishabh
name: Arora, Prahal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Sarcasm Detection has enjoyed great interest from the research community, however the task of predicting sarcasm in a text remains an elusive problem for machines. Past studies mostly make use of twitter datasets collected using hashtag based supervision but such datasets are noisy in terms of labels and language. To overcome these shortcoming, we introduce a new dataset which contains news headlines from a sarcastic news website and a real news website. Next, we propose a hybrid Neural Network architecture with attention mechanism which provides insights about what actually makes sentences sarcastic. Through experiments, we show that the proposed model improves upon the baseline by ~ 5% in terms of classification accuracy.
Estimation of the release time of solar energetic particles near the Sun
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Qin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the onset time of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events with numerical simulations, and analyses the accuracy of the Velocity Dispersion Analysis (VDA) method. Using a 3-dimensional focused transport model, we calculate the fluxes of protons observed in the ecliptic at 1 AU in the energy range between 10 MeV and 80 MeV. In particular, three models are used to describe different SEP sources produced by flare or coronal shock, and the effects of particle perpendicular diffusion in the interplanetary space are also studied. We have the following findings: When the observer is disconnected from the source, the effects of perpendicular diffusion in the interplanetary space and particles propagating in the solar atmosphere have significant influence on the VDA results. As a result, although the VDA method is valid with impulsive source duration, low background, and weak scattering in the interplanetary space or fast diffusion in the solar atmosphere, the method is not valid with gradual source duration, high background, or strong scattering.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Quantum Gravity: physics from supergeometries
Creators: name: Cirilo-Lombardo, Diego Julio
name: Prudencio, Thiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the metric (line element) is the first geometrical object to be associated to a discrete (quantum) structure of the spacetime without necessity of black hole-entropy-area arguments, in sharp contrast with other attempts in the literature. To this end, an emergent metric solution obtained previously in [Physics Letters B 661, 186-191 (2008)] from a particular non-degenerate Riemmanian superspace is introduced. This emergent metric is described by a physical coherent state belonging to the metaplectic group Mp (n) with a Poissonian distribution at lower n (number basis) restoring the classical thermal continuum behaviour at large n (n ! 1), or leading to non-classical radiation states, as is conjectured in a quite general basis by mean the Bekenstein- Mukhanov effect. Group-dependent conditions that control the behavior of the macroscopic regime spectrum (thermal or not), as the relationship with the problem of area / entropy of the black hole are presented and discussed.
description: Published in IJGMMP, Improved version (misprints and typos corrected). 13 pages, one figure add and comments
Cumulo: A Dataset for Learning Cloud Classes
Creators: name: Zantedeschi, Valentina
name: Falasca, Fabrizio
name: Douglas, Alyson
name: Strange, Richard
name: Kusner, Matt J.
name: Watson-Parris, Duncan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the greatest sources of uncertainty in future climate projections comes from limitations in modelling clouds and in understanding how different cloud types interact with the climate system. A key first step in reducing this uncertainty is to accurately classify cloud types at high spatial and temporal resolution. In this paper, we introduce Cumulo, a benchmark dataset for training and evaluating global cloud classification models. It consists of one year of 1km resolution MODIS hyperspectral imagery merged with pixel-width 'tracks' of CloudSat cloud labels. Bringing these complementary datasets together is a crucial first step, enabling the Machine-Learning community to develop innovative new techniques which could greatly benefit the Climate community. To showcase Cumulo, we provide baseline performance analysis using an invertible flow generative model (IResNet), which further allows us to discover new sub-classes for a given cloud class by exploring the latent space. To compare methods, we introduce a set of evaluation criteria, to identify models that are not only accurate, but also physically-realistic. CUMULO can be download from https://www.dropbox.com/sh/i3s9q2v2jjyk2it/AACxXnXfMF5wuIqLXqH4NJOra?dl=0 .
Kondo-like mass enhancement of Dirac fermion in iron pnictides Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As)$_2$
Creators: name: Urata, T.
name: Tanabe, Y.
name: Huynh, K. K.
name: Oguro, H.
name: Watanabe, K.
name: Heguri, S.
name: Tanigaki, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of Mn substitution, acting as a magnetic impurity for Fe, on the Dirac cone was investigated in Ba(Fe$_{1-x}$Mn$_x$As)$_2$. Both magnetoresistance and Hall resistivity studies clearly indicate that the cyclotron effective mass ($m^{\ast}$) of the Dirac cone is anomalously enhanced at low temperatures by the impurity, although its evolution as a function of carrier number proceeds in a conventional manner at higher temperatures. Kondo-like band renormalization induced by the magnetic impurity scattering is suggested as an explanation for this, and the anomalous mass enhancement of the Dirac fermions is discussed.
description: 7page, 6figures
Improving Fairness and Robustness in End-to-End Speech Recognition through unsupervised clustering
Creators: name: Veliche, Irina-Elena
name: Fung, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The challenge of fairness arises when Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems do not perform equally well for all sub-groups of the population. In the past few years there have been many improvements in overall speech recognition quality, but without any particular focus on advancing Equality and Equity for all user groups for whom systems do not perform well. ASR fairness is therefore also a robustness issue. Meanwhile, data privacy also takes priority in production systems. In this paper, we present a privacy preserving approach to improve fairness and robustness of end-to-end ASR without using metadata, zip codes, or even speaker or utterance embeddings directly in training. We extract utterance level embeddings using a speaker ID model trained on a public dataset, which we then use in an unsupervised fashion to create acoustic clusters. We use cluster IDs instead of speaker utterance embeddings as extra features during model training, which shows improvements for all demographic groups and in particular for different accents.
Role of local Kenyon cell – Kenyon Cell interactions in the γ lobe of Drosophila melanogaster for specificity in olfactory learning
Creators: name: Tunc, Ibrahim A.
name: Nawrot, Martin P.
name: Parnas, Moshe
Publisher: name: G-Node
Year: 2024
Subjects: Computational Neuroscience
Learning, plasticity and memory

description: Bernstein Conference 2024 abstract. https://bernstein-conference.de
Machine Vision Using Cellphone Camera: A Comparison of deep networks for classifying three challenging denominations of Indian Coins
Creators: name: Joshi, Keyur D.
name: Shah, Dhruv
name: Shah, Varshil
name: Gandhi, Nilay
name: Shah, Sanket J.
name: Shah, Sanket B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Indian currency coins come in a variety of denominations. Off all the varieties Rs.1, RS.2, and Rs.5 have similar diameters. Majority of the coin styles in market circulation for denominations of Rs.1 and Rs.2 coins are nearly the same except for numerals on its reverse side. If a coin is resting on its obverse side, the correct denomination is not distinguishable by humans. Therefore, it was hypothesized that a digital image of a coin resting on its either size could be classified into its correct denomination by training a deep neural network model. The digital images were generated by using cheap cell phone cameras. To find the most suitable deep neural network architecture, four were selected based on the preliminary analysis carried out for comparison. The results confirm that two of the four deep neural network models can classify the correct denomination from either side of a coin with an accuracy of 97%.
description: 6 Pages, 4 Figures, 6 Tables, Conference paper
Intelligent Reflecting Surface Enhanced Wireless Network: Two-timescale Beamforming Optimization
Creators: name: Zhao, Ming-Min
name: Wu, Qingqing
name: Zhao, Min-Jian
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Intelligent reflecting surface (IRS) has drawn a lot of attention recently as a promising new solution to achieve high spectral and energy efficiency for future wireless networks. By utilizing massive low-cost passive reflecting elements, the wireless propagation environment becomes controllable and thus can be made favorable for improving the communication performance. Prior works on IRS mainly rely on the instantaneous channel state information (I-CSI), which, however, is practically difficult to obtain for IRS-associated links due to its passive operation and large number of elements. To overcome this difficulty, we propose in this paper a new two-timescale (TTS) transmission protocol to maximize the achievable average sum-rate for an IRS-aided multiuser system under the general correlated Rician channel model. Specifically, the passive IRS phase-shifts are first optimized based on the statistical CSI (S-CSI) of all links, which varies much slowly as compared to their I-CSI, while the transmit beamforming/precoding vectors at the access point (AP) are then designed to cater to the I-CSI of the users' effective channels with the optimized IRS phase-shifts, thus significantly reducing the channel training overhead and passive beamforming complexity over the existing schemes based on the I-CSI of all channels. For the single-user case, a novel penalty dual decomposition (PDD)-based algorithm is proposed, where the IRS phase-shifts are updated in parallel to reduce the computational time. For the multiuser case, we propose a general TTS optimization algorithm by constructing a quadratic surrogate of the objective function, which cannot be explicitly expressed in closed-form. Simulation results are presented to validate the effectiveness of our proposed algorithms and evaluate the impact of S-CSI and channel correlation on the system performance.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Density-Dependent Synthetic Gauge Fields Using Periodically Modulated Interactions
Creators: name: Greschner, S.
name: Sun, G.
name: Poletti, D.
name: Santos, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that density-dependent synthetic gauge fields may be engineered by combining periodically modu- lated interactions and Raman-assisted hopping in spin-dependent optical lattices. These fields lead to a density- dependent shift of the momentum distribution, may induce superfluid-to-Mott insulator transitions, and strongly modify correlations in the superfluid regime. We show that the interplay between the created gauge field and the broken sublattice symmetry results, as well, in an intriguing behavior at vanishing interactions, characterized by the appearance of a fractional Mott insulator.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures