cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A note on Griffiths infinitesimal invariant for curves
Creators: name: Raviolo, Emanuele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a generic curve of genus $g\geqslant4$ and a smooth point $L\in W_{g-1}^{1}(C)$, whose linear system is base-point free, we consider the Abel-Jacobi normal function associated to $L^{\otimes 2}\otimes ω_{C}^{-1}$, when $(C,L)$ varies in moduli. We prove that its infinitesimal invariant reconstruct the couple $(C,L)$. When $g=4$, we obtain the generic Torelli theorem proved by Griffiths.
description: revised version according to referee's suggestions. Annali di Matematica Pura e Applicata 2012; the final publication is available at http://www.springerlink.com
Geotrygon montana Ruddy Quail-Dove R
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Geotrygon
Geotrygon montana

description: Geotrygon montana (Linnaeus, 1758) Figure 5A Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 4.VII.2018; camera trap photographs; captured with mist-nets and banded; plots T01, T03, T24, R06; mist-netsCEMAVE-J12162; males and females. Identification. This species is 24 cm long. There is a pale line on the face. Males have reddish-brown plumage, but in females is the plumage is olivaceous brown.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 297, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
On Coding Efficiency for Flash Memories
Creators: name: Ma, Xudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, flash memories have become a competitive solution for mass storage. The flash memories have rather different properties compared with the rotary hard drives. That is, the writing of flash memories is constrained, and flash memories can endure only limited numbers of erases. Therefore, the design goals for the flash memory systems are quite different from these for other memory systems. In this paper, we consider the problem of coding efficiency. We define the "coding-efficiency" as the amount of information that one flash memory cell can be used to record per cost. Because each flash memory cell can endure a roughly fixed number of erases, the cost of data recording can be well-defined. We define "payload" as the amount of information that one flash memory cell can represent at a particular moment. By using information-theoretic arguments, we prove a coding theorem for achievable coding rates. We prove an upper and lower bound for coding efficiency. We show in this paper that there exists a fundamental trade-off between "payload" and "coding efficiency". The results in this paper may provide useful insights on the design of future flash memory systems.
description: accepted for publication in the Proceeding of the 35th IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, Newark, New Jersey, May 21-22, 2012
title: Defining the role of the pore-forming apolipoprotein L APOL7C in a Leishmania infection
Creators: name: Cedeno, Eymi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Leishmaniasis, is a neglected tropical disease caused by infection with the intracellular parasite Leishmania. The parasite targets phagocytic cells, including dendritic cells (DCs), where it proliferates and spreads, leading to various forms of the disease, from cutaneous lesions to visceral organ damage. Despite the clinical significance, the molecular interactions between Leishmania and DCs remain largely uncharacterized. Dendritic cells, particularly conventional dendritic cells (cDCs), are pivotal in generating cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses crucial for controlling Leishmania infections. The cross-presentation ability of cDCs has been identified as a key process in mounting these immune responses, primarily studied in murine models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the cross-presentation of Leishmania antigens by cDCs are still not fully elucidated. In this study, we investigated the role of apolipoprotein 7C (APOL7C), a cDC-specific pore- forming protein, in Leishmania infection. Our results show that that APOL7C, is upregulated in response to a Leishmania infection. In addition, we find that APOL7C is recruited to the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) containing Leishmania parasites, particularly in late-stage PVs and that its recruitment creates damage in the membrane of the PV. Furthermore, our data showed that APOL7C recruitment to these compartments is dependent on the NADPH oxidase and that its insertion is voltage dependent. Interestingly, this recruitment of APOL7C appears to diminish the cross-presentation of Leishmania derived antigens of our infected cell lines in our in-vitro experiments. However, in our in vivo infection model using an Apol7c-/- mice we identified differences in the immune response in mice following inoculation of the ear. Following the course of infection the absence of Apol7c -/- mice showed a decrease in ear lesion at week 7 with higher parasite burden in the dermis. These results showed the relevance of APOL7C in a Leishmania infections new insights into the molecular mechanism underlying its role .
Additional file 1 of AGI grade-guided chaiqin chengqi decoction treatment for predicted moderately severe and severe acute pancreatitis (CAP trial): study protocol of a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group, pragmatic clinical trial
Creators: name: Chen, Zhiyao
name: Yang, Xiaonan
name: Guo, Jia
name: Jin, Tao
name: Lin, Ziqi
name: Zhu, Ping
name: Li, Jing
name: Li, Ling
name: Sun, Xin
name: Du, Dan
name: Jiang, Kun
name: He, Yanqiu
name: Cai, Fei
name: Li, Lan
name: Hu, Cheng
name: Tan, Qingyuan
name: Huang, Wei
name: Deng, Lihui
name: Xia, Qing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. SPIRIT 2013 Checklist: Recommended items to address in a clinical trial protocol and related documents.
title: Synthesis of 2-arylpyridines by the Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling of PyFluor with hetero(aryl) boronic acids/esters and Synthesis of ring oxidized phthalocyanine metal fluorides
Creators: name: Ramanayake, Dewni Jayathma
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Suzuki Miyaura Cross Coupling
subject: PyFluor
subject: C-S activation
subject: Sulfonyl Fluorides
subject: Chemistry--Inorganic
subject: Chemistry--Organic

description: Recently, there has been considerable interest in Sulfonyl fluorides owing to their distinctive chemical and biological characteristics. The exceptional strength of the S-F bond and the S(VI) center is responsible for the inertness and stability of sulfonyl fluorides against reactions such as hydrolysis, and reduction. However, the C-S bond of sulfonyl fluorides has been considered unreactive until recently. In particular, the activation of the C-S bond under Suzuki-Miyaura coupling conditions has not been extensively investigated. In chapter 2, we present the Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction of pyridine-2-sulfonyl fluoride (PyFluor) with hetero (aryl) boronic acids and pinacol boronic esters. With Pd(dppf)Cl2 as the catalyst, the reaction can be carried out within a temperature range of 65 °C to 100 °C to produce 2-aryl pyridines as the product with yields spanning from moderate to good. This approach enables the synthesis of heteroatom-rich biaryls, which are important in the field of drug discovery. Phthalocyanine (Pc) ligands are chemically and thermally stable symmetric 18 π electron aromatic macrocycles, closely related to the naturally occurring porphyrins. They have been widely used as pigments/dyes, photoconducting materials, industrial catalysts, and photosensitizers in biomedical applications. The characteristics of the Pc ring, such as its solubility and electronic properties, are strongly influenced by incorporating metals inside the Pc macrocycle and by adding substituents in the alpha or beta positions of the ring. The most stable oxidation state of Pc is Pc-2, but it is redox active and can access oxidation states from Pc0 to Pc-6. The oxidation of the Pc ring can be confirmed by UV-Visible spectroscopy, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopy, and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Ring oxidized and reduced metallophthalocyanine (PcM) compounds have not been extensively investigated (and especially, not generally isolated) possibly due to the high reactivity of these complexes. In chapter 3, we detail a preliminary study on the synthesis of substituted and unsubstituted ring-oxidized phthalocyanine metal fluorides, using a range of strong oxidizing agents which also incorporate fluorides.
In-silico study of tools that predict SNPs impact in protein functionality
Creators: name: Murillo, Javier
name: Cailloux, Olivier
name: Krsticevic, Flavia
name: Spetale, Flavio
name: Tapia, Elizabeth
name: Desterke, Sebastien
name: Guillaume, Serge
name: Vazquez, Gustavo
name: Fernández-Calero, Tamara
name: Bulacio, Pilar
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in a genome. When a SNP occurs in a coding region, this change can or cannot affect the protein functionality; in this case the SNP is called non-synonymous mutation or missense, respectively. Non-synonymous SNPs are especially relevant since they may change the phenotype, e.g., outcome as diseases. Many in-silico tools have been developed to predict the effect of SNPs to avoid in-vivo assays which are very expensive in money and time. Nowadays, these tools are used to advice of disease likelihood, but their great abundance and the output heterogeneity makes them difficult to select and even harder to compare. In this work we present a study of six tools that predict the impact of SNPs on gene functionality through the use of different background information. The tools were tested with all possible mutations in two genes: one belonging to chikungunya virus and one to drosophila melanogaster. To compare their outputs we propose two indexes which turn their numerical output to a commensurable
one. Both, consistency among them and consistency with literature results are analyzed, and two indices are proposed.
Piaya melanogaster
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Cuculiformes
Cuculidae
Piaya
Piaya melanogaster

description: Piaya melanogaster (Vieillot, 1817) Figure 5B Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 25.VII. 2017; photographic record; trail L4; WA3826894. Identification. This species is 39 cm long. It has a bright red bill, gray cap, and a spot of bare, yellow skin in front of the eye. The iris is reddish iris. The body is reddish with a dusky lower belly. It has a very long, dark-chestnut tail with broad white tips.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on pages 297-298, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
title: Anti-Müllerian Hormone & Cardiovascular Risk in Males with Chronic Kidney Disease
Creators: name: Larsen, Nicole
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: kidney
subject: renal
subject: hormone
subject: chronic kidney disease
subject: male reproductive health
subject: cardiovascular health
subject: cardiovascular
subject: AMH
subject: Anti-Müllerian Hormone
subject: Education--Sciences

description: Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death globally and individuals living with chronic kidney disease (CKD) have an exceptionally high cardiovascular risk. Males living with CKD experience a disproportionately high risk of CVD mortality compared to females living with CKD. Reduced anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a hormone involved in sex differentiation and fertility, has been previously associated with CVD risk in healthy males and females, as well as in females living with CKD. However, whether AMH is linked to CVD in the high-risk population of males living with CKD is yet unknown. The aim of this exploratory cross-sectional study was to estimate the association between AMH and arterial stiffness, a validated predictor of CVD, in males living with CKD. Self-identified adult male individuals were recruited from Nephrology clinics in Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Individuals were included if they had a diagnosis of CKD (i.e. kidney damage or estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2 for >3 months) and exclusion criteria included: 1) history of a major cardiovascular event, 2) history of any medical condition known to impact testicular function, and 3) current use of exogenous hormone therapy. Participant demographic information, medical history, physical examination, and laboratory data were collected alongside serum AMH levels, measured with a validated immunoassay. Using standardized protocols, pulse wave velocity (PWV) and aortic augmentation index (AIx) were measured to estimate arterial stiffness. Multivariable linear regression analyses assessed the relationship between AMH and each measure of arterial stiffness. Thirty-eight participants were recruited (29% early stage CKD, 42% advanced-stage CKD, 18% CKD treated with dialysis, 11% CKD treated with transplantation) with a median age of 44 years (IQR: 27). Age-adjusted models estimated the relationship between AMH and each measure of arterial stiffness to be statistically significant, though age was the primary driver of each relationship. Studies with larger sample sizes are needed to examine this further in addition to investigate other sex-specific cardiovascular risk factors for males living with CKD.
Deep learning to represent subgrid processes in climate models
Creators: name: Rasp, Stephan
name: Pritchard, Michael S.
name: Gentine, Pierre
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Clouds--Mathematical models
Climatic changes--Models
Climatology--Research
Machine learning
Atmospheric models

description: The representation of nonlinear subgrid processes, especially clouds, has been a major source of uncertainty in climate models for decades. Cloud-resolving models better represent many of these processes and can now be run globally but only for short-term simulations of at most a few years because of computational limitations. Here we demonstrate that deep learning can be used to capture many advantages of cloud-resolving modeling at a fraction of the computational cost. We train a deep neural network to represent all atmospheric subgrid processes in a climate model by learning from a multiscale model in which convection is treated explicitly. The trained neural network then replaces the traditional subgrid parameterizations in a global general circulation model in which it freely interacts with the resolved dynamics and the surface-flux scheme. The prognostic multiyear simulations are stable and closely reproduce not only the mean climate of the cloud-resolving simulation but also key aspects of variability, including precipitation extremes and the equatorial wave spectrum. Furthermore, the neural network approximately conserves energy despite not being explicitly instructed to. Finally, we show that the neural network parameterization generalizes to new surface forcing patterns but struggles to cope with temperatures far outside its training manifold. Our results show the feasibility of using deep learning for climate model parameterization. In a broader context, we anticipate that data-driven Earth system model development could play a key role in reducing climate prediction uncertainty in the coming decade.
The effect of flow rate, needle design, and needle placement on apical pressure and irrigant exchange in an in vitro tooth model
Creators: name: Park, Ellen
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: Heavy irrigation forces in a root canal can lead to irrigant extrusion accidents, causing negative sequelae for patients. There are no guidelines for a safe and optimal irrigation flow rate and little data on the apical pressures generated during irrigation. This study aimed to measure the pressure generated during positive and negative pressure irrigation at the periapex of an in vitro tooth model using a novel method of measurement, investigating the effect of flow rate, depth of needle placement, and needle design. Apical pressure was correlated with extent of dye clearance from the end of a needle tip in a similar model. A mandibular molar was prepared and placed into a chamber coupled to a pressure transducer. Irrigation was performed using a digital peristaltic pump using flow rates from 1-15 ml/min with irrigation needles of different size and design. A similar plastic root canal model filled with dye was used to measure the extent of dye clearance beyond the needle tip using the same irrigation conditions. Positive pressure irrigation revealed a flow rate dependent and depth of needle placement dependent increase in apical pressure (P<0.05). Needle designs with safety features yielded statistically significant lower apical pressures than needles without safety features (P<0.05). There was no further increase in dye clearance from the end of the needle tip in a root canal model at flow rates higher than 4 ml/min. During negative pressure irrigation, no positive apical pressures were generated even when the needle was placed at 1 mm from working length while certain needle designs demonstrated superior clearance of dye. Apical pressure is dependent upon flow rate, depth of needle placement, needle design, and positive or negative pressure irrigation. The apical pressure at high irrigation flow rates can be several times higher than at low flow rates, yet there is no further clearance of dye above 4 ml/min. If apical clearance of dye beyond the needle tip is a measure of irrigation effectiveness, then maximum effectiveness can be gained at specifically determined flow rates using specific needle tip designs with safe apical pressures.
title: A Case of One: An Autobiographical Design Approach to Explore a Personal Informatics Preparation Stage Procedure
Creators: name: Zhang, Xinchi
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Personal Informatics
subject: Autobiographical Design
subject: Human-Computer Interaction
subject: Goal Theories
subject: Tangible Computing
subject: Ubiqutous Computing
subject: Self Tracking
subject: Information Science
subject: Design and Decorative Arts
subject: Education--Technology

description: This thesis exploration was started as a personal design endeavor to have a system that can support realistic task arrangement during my graduate school. This exploration landed to the often-overlooked area — the preparation stage in the Stage-Based Model (SBM) — in the personal informatics (PI) field. Personal informatics supports people to gain self-understanding through reflection on their relevant personal data. The preparation stage, which can involve many decision-making processes such as understanding the motivation of collecting personal information, deciding the information to collect, and choosing the appropriate tools, is where prior PI research focused significantly less on. This thesis aims to narrow this gap by introducing a procedure and an accompanying artifact, Qubio. I took an autobiographical design approach. Autobiographical design offers many advantages such as close use to allow rapid iteration whenever needed (fast tinkering). Then, combining with reflection, diligent documentation (46+ hrs recordings, 262 reflection entries), and long-term usage (47 months), I established a personal reflective procedure to determine what data I might track. The procedure includes 1) externalization of obligations and interests, 2) mapping (for goal choices), and 3) task arrangement, which is supported by the token-based artifact, Qubio. This exploration bridges the preparation stage of the Stage-Based Model in PI and the Integrated Model of Goal-Focused Coaching (Integrated Model) in psychology. I conclude this thesis by discussing research opportunities in connection to the Integrated Model for the preparation stage in PI and suggesting collaboration between PI and personal information visualization to support visualization agency in PI practices. I further suggest revisiting established PI models to potentially integrate the field’s expanded understanding of PI related activities. Finally, I reflect on how an autobiographical design approach produced a personalized procedure and artifact.
Quantifying coal power plant responses to tighter SO2 emissions standards in China
Creators: name: Karplus, Valerie J.
name: Zhang, Shuang
name: Almond, Douglas V.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Sulfur dioxide--Environmental aspects--Measurement
Greenhouse gases
Air--Pollution--Government policy
Air--Pollution--Measurement
Coal-fired power plants--Environmental aspects

description: We evaluate the impact of China’s new air pollution standards on sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions by comparing newly available data from Continuous Emissions Monitoring Systems (CEMS) at coal power plants with satellite measures. First, we show that following the July 2014 deadline for implementing tighter emissions standards, stack concentrations of SO2 reported by CEMS declined by 13.9%. Second, on average the ratios of the declines of SO2 measures in the satellite data and the CEMS data are about 0.5. However, the degree of correspondence between the two data sources varies by policy stringency, with weak correspondence found in key regions facing the toughest new limits. Third, large plants achieved compliance earlier than small (typically) power and heat cogeneration plants. To achieve continued air quality improvement, our results suggest a need for increased scrutiny of emissions data quality and monitoring practices and clear long-term targets.
Additional file 2 of Statistical and machine learning methods for spatially resolved transcriptomics data analysis
Creators: name: Zeng, Zexian
name: Li, Yawei
name: Li, Yiming
name: Luo, Yuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
title: Three-Dimensional Building Reconstruction from ALS Point Clouds
Creators: name: Yang, Hongxin
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Building reconstruction
subject: point clouds
subject: Remote Sensing

description: Reconstructing buildings from Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) point clouds obtained from aerial perspectives is of significant importance in the domain of photogrammetry. Given that the experimental dataset, Building3D, lacks sufficient corner points and exhibits point cloud sparsity among other challenges, point cloud completion (PCC) techniques, a branch of reconstruction, are employed to complete the building facade information. Due to the high demand for labeled data and the associated high cost of manual annotations, Self- Supervised Learning (SSL) methods for three-dimensional (3D) point clouds have garnered considerable attention from scholars. However, existing methods commonly use a standard Transformer backbone, result- ing in quadratic time complexity. To overcome these limitations, an innovative masked linear autoencoder framework is proposed. Due to the storage requirements—approximately 400:4:1 for point cloud, mesh, and wireframe formats, respectively, wireframe models have recently garnered considerable attention in the field of remote sensing. Despite some early explorations into constructing wireframe models, numerous challenges persist. This thesis revisits 3D building wireframe reconstruction from a SSL perspective, with the aim of alleviating or even addressing these existing difficulties. A two-stage Self-supervised (SS) pretraining architecture is proposed to generate wireframe models. Initially, it utilizes a SSL-based pretraining framework that incorporates a linear self-attention mechanism (SAM) to generate point-wise features. Subsequently, corner detection and edge prediction modules are employed to classify and regress the coordinates of corner points and to determine optimal edge selections, respectively. To address the issue of insufficient corner points, a SSL-based pretraining method for 3D wireframe reconstruction, guided by an edge point regression module, is proposed. The parameters of the wireframe’s edges—including edge length, direction vector, and direction offset—are regressed under the guidance of the edge point regression module. To enhance the clustering of roof wireframe vertices, an efficient approach based on a multiclass TWin Support Vector Machine (TWSVM) framework is proposed. This framework aims to simplify the model by effectively clustering roof wireframe vertices.
Branching Rules for Supercuspidal Representations of SL_2(k)
Creators: name: Nevins, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05

description: The restriction of a supercuspidal representation of SL_2(k), for k a local nonarchimedean field, to a maximal compact subgroup decomposes as a multiplicity-free direct sum of irreducible representations. We explicitly describe this decomposition in the case that the residual characteristic is odd, and determine how the spectrum of this decomposition varies as a function of the parameters describing the supercuspidal representation.
description: 30 pages; minor reorganization to previous version. Accepted to Journal of Algebra
Nutritional Influences on One-Carbon Metabolism: Effects on Arsenic Methylation and Toxicity
Creators: name: Bozack, Anne K.
name: Saxena, Roheeni
name: Gamble, Mary
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Nutrition
Arsenic
Environmental health
Methylation
Folic acid

description: Exposure to inorganic arsenic (InAs) via drinking water and/or food is a considerable worldwide problem. Methylation of InAs generates monomethyl (MMAsIII+V)- and dimethyl (DMAsIII+V)-arsenical species in a process that facilitates urinary As elimination; however, MMAs is considerably more toxic than either InAs or DMAs. Emerging evidence suggests that incomplete methylation of As to DMAs, resulting in increased MMAs, is associated with increased risk for a host of As-related health outcomes. The biochemical pathway that provides methyl groups for As methylation, one-carbon metabolism (OCM), is influenced by folate and other micronutrients, including choline and betaine. Individuals and species differ widely in their ability to methylate As. A growing body of research, including cell-culture, animal-model, and epidemiological studies, has demonstrated the role of OCM-related micronutrients in As methylation. This review examines the evidence that nutritional status and nutritional interventions can influence the metabolism and toxicity of As, with a primary focus on folate.
Quantum Tunneling of the Magnetic Moment in a Free Particle
Creators: name: O'Keeffe, M. F.
name: Chudnovsky, E. M.
name: Garanin, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study tunneling of the magnetic moment in a particle that has full rotational freedom. Exact energy levels are obtained and the ground-state magnetic moment is computed for a symmetric rotor. The effect of the mechanical freedom on spin tunneling manifests itself in a strong dependence of the magnetic moment on the moments of inertia of the rotor. Energy of the particle exhibits quantum phase transitions between states with different values of the magnetic moment. Particles of various shapes are investigated and quantum phase diagram is obtained.
description: 7 Figures, 5 Figure Captions, submitted to PRB
Global Structure of Optically Thin, Magnetically Supported, Two-Temperature, Black Hole Accretion Disks
Creators: name: Oda, Hiroshi
name: Machida, Mami
name: Nakamura, Kenji E.
name: Matsumoto, Ryoji
name: Narayan, Ramesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present global solutions of optically thin, two-temperature black hole accretion disks incorporating magnetic fields. We assume that the πϕ-component of the Maxwell stress is proportional to the total pressure, and prescribe the radial dependence of the magnetic flux advection rate in order to complete the set of basic equations. We obtained magnetically supported (low-β) disk solutions, whose luminosity exceeds the maximum luminosity for an advection-dominated accretion flow (ADAF), L > 0.4 α^2 L_Edd, where L_Edd is the Eddington luminosity. The accretion flow is composed of the outer ADAF, a luminous hot accretion flow (LHAF) inside the transition layer from the outer ADAF to the low-β disk, the low-β disk, and the inner ADAF. The low-β disk region becomes wider as the mass-accretion rate increases further. In the low-β disk, the magnetic heating balances the radiative cooling, and the electron temperature decreases from ~ 10^9.5 K to ~ 10^8 K as the luminosity increases. These results are consistent with the anti-correlation between the energy cutoff in X-ray spectra (hence the electron temperature) and the luminosity when L > 0.1 L_Edd, observed in the bright/hard state during the bright hard-to-soft transitions of transient outbursts in galactic black hole candidates.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures, accepted for Publications of Astronomical Society of Japan
Additional file 1 of Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in vitreoretinal lymphoma: an open-label, prospective, single-center, phase 2 study
Creators: name: Guan, Wenxue
name: Wang, Liang
name: Peng, Xiaoyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Characteristics of patients with PVRL and PCNSL with vitreoretinal involvement.
title: The Metabolism of Uropathogenic Bacteria in in Vitro Human Urine Cultures
Creators: name: Chan, Carly C. Y.
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: urinary tract infections
subject: uropathogens
subject: liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry
subject: bacterial metabolism
subject: metabolomics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common infections primarily caused by bacterial colonization of the host’s bladder and/or kidney. Research into the molecular underpinnings behind UTIs primarily focused on the various macromolecular virulence factors that enable uropathogens to invade and colonize the host’s urinary tract. As such, there is an extensive body of literature characterizing these UTI-associated virulence factors. However, one important aspect that remains relatively unexplored is pathogen metabolism. Pathogens must be able to metabolize the nutrients available in its microenvironment to survive and grow within their host. Human urine is a chemically complex medium with a diverse range of amino acids and nucleic acids, but generally lacks carbohydrates, the preferred carbon source for most microbes and thus, urine is often considered a nutrient-poor substance. Recent technological advancement in metabolomic tools can allow researchers to discover new insights into uropathogen metabolism and further our understanding of how uropathogens overcome nutritional adversity and survive in human urine. To address this gap, I used liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) to analyze in vitro human urine cultures of uropathogenic bacteria. My initial metabolomics survey of eight common uropathogenic species found that these species can be divided into four distinct metabolic clades: serine consumers, glutamine consumers, amino acid abstainers, and amino acid minimalists. There were also several other metabolic phenotypes exclusive to a single or a few species. Metabolites found to be secreted by uropathogens could be candidate UTI biomarkers. Previous work discovered that agmatine was a robust UTI biomarker for several bacterial species in the Enterobacterales order including Escherichia coli. Investigation into bacterial agmatine production revealed that E. coli utilizes several different decarboxylase-based acid resistance systems in urine, induced at different pH ranges. Meanwhile, a few non-Enterobacterales species, like Staphylococcus spp., were found to secrete N6-methyladenine, which was also identified as a UTI biomarker. Advances to metabolomics methods can greatly enhance the efficiency of these metabolomics analyses, and so we developed a new LC-MS strategy for monitoring microbial metabolic activity in real-time. By investigating uropathogen metabolism with current metabolomics tools, we can better understand how these pathogens may persist and thrive during UTIs.
Revisiting the B {\to} π ρ, π ω Decays in the Perturbative QCD Approach Beyond the Leading Order
Creators: name: Rui, Zhou
name: Xiangdong, Gao
name: Lu, Cai-Dian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the branching ratios and CP asymmetries of the $B \to πρ$, $πω$ decays in the perturbative QCD factorization approach up to the next-to-leading-order contributions. We find that the next-to-leading-order contributions can interfere with the leading-order part constructively or destructively for different decay modes. Our numerical results have a much better agreement with current available data than previous leading-order calculations, e.g., the next-to-leading-order corrections enhance the $B^0\rightarrow π^0ρ^0$ branching ratios by a factor 2.5, which is helpful to narrow the gaps between theoretic predictions and experimental data. We also update the direct CP-violation parameters, the mixing-induced CP-violation parameters of these modes, which show a better agreement with experimental data than many of the other approaches.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Uneven balance of power between hypothalamic peptidergic neurons in the control of feeding
Creators: name: Wei, Qiang
name: Krolewski, David M.
name: Moore, Shannon
name: Kumar, Vivek
name: Li, Fei
name: Martin, Brian
name: Tomer, Raju
name: Murphy, Geoffrey G.
name: Deisseroth, Karl
name: Watson Jr., Stanley J.
name: Akil, Huda
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Animals--Food
Neuropeptides--Physiological effect
Neurobiology
Obesity--Pathophysiology

description: Two classes of peptide-producing neurons in the arcuate nucleus (Arc) of the hypothalamus are known to exert opposing actions on feeding: the anorexigenic neurons that express proopiomelanocortin (POMC) and the orexigenic neurons that express agouti-related protein (AgRP) and neuropeptide Y (NPY). These neurons are thought to arise from a common embryonic progenitor, but our anatomical and functional understanding of the interplay of these two peptidergic systems that contribute to the control of feeding remains incomplete. The present study uses a combination of optogenetic stimulation with viral and transgenic approaches, coupled with neural activity mapping and brain transparency visualization to demonstrate the following: (i) selective activation of Arc POMC neurons inhibits food consumption rapidly in unsated animals; (ii) activation of Arc neurons arising from POMC-expressing progenitors, including POMC and a subset of AgRP neurons, triggers robust feeding behavior, even in the face of satiety signals from POMC neurons; (iii) the opposing effects on food intake are associated with distinct neuronal projection and activation patterns of adult hypothalamic POMC neurons versus Arc neurons derived from POMC-expressing lineages; and (iv) the increased food intake following the activation of orexigenic neurons derived from POMC-expressing progenitors engages an extensive neural network that involves the endogenous opioid system. Together, these findings shed further light on the dynamic balance between two peptidergic systems in the moment-to-moment regulation of feeding behavior.
title: Federated Learning Model Aggregation in Heterogeneous Aerial and Space Networks
Creators: name: Dong, Fan
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Federated Learning
subject: Heterogeneity
subject: Weighted Aggregation
subject: Communication
subject: Aerial and Space Networks
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: Federated learning offers a promising solution for overcoming the challenges of networking and data privacy in aerial and space networks by harnessing large-scale private edge data and computing resources from drones, balloons, and satellites. Although existing research has extensively explored optimizing the learning process, improving computing efficiency, and reducing communication overhead, statistical heterogeneity remains a substantial challenge for federated learning optimization. While state-of-the-art algorithms have made progress, they often overlook diversity heterogeneity and fail to significantly improve performance in high-degree label heterogeneity conditions. In this thesis, statistical heterogeneity is further dissected into two categories: diversity heterogeneity and label heterogeneity, allowing for a more nuanced analysis. It also emphasizes the importance of addressing both diversity heterogeneity and high-degree label heterogeneity in aerial and space network applications. A theoretical analysis is provided to guide optimization in these two challenging scenarios. To tackle diversity heterogeneity, the WeiAvgCS algorithm is introduced to accelerate federated learning convergence. This algorithm employs weighted aggregation and client selection based on an estimated diversity measure, termed projection, enabling WeiAvgCS to outperform other benchmarks without compromising privacy. For high-degree label heterogeneity, the FedBalance algorithm is proposed, utilizing the label distribution information of each client. A novel metric, termed relative scarcity, is introduced to determine the aggregation weights assigned to clients. During the training process, fully homomorphic encryption is employed to protect clients’ label distributions. Additionally, two communication protocols are designed to facilitate training across different scenarios. Extensive experiments were conducted, demonstrating the effectiveness of WeiAvgCS and FedBalance in addressing the research gaps in diversity heterogeneity and high-degree label heterogeneity.
Coccyzus melacoryphus
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Cuculiformes
Cuculidae
Coccyzus
Coccyzus melacoryphus

description: Coccyzus melacoryphus (Vieillot, 1817) Figure 5C Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 18.VI.2018; photographic record; camp; WA3091346. Remarks. We observed this species feeding. Identification. This species is 27 cm long. It has gray upper parts and buff underparts. The orbital skin is yellow. It has dark tail, with large white spots, and a dark bill.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 298, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
title: Almost All Data is Absent Data
Creators: name: Ross, Karly
name: Sengupta, Pratim
name: Willett, Welsey
Publisher: name: VISions of the Future IEEE VIS 2024 Workshop Oct 13-14th Florida
Year: 2024

description: We explain our model of data in a void and contrast it with the idea of data voids to explore how the different framings impact our thinking on sustainability. This contrast supports our assertion that how we think about the data that we work with for visualization design impacts the direction of our thinking and our work. To show this we describe how we view the concept of data in a void as different from that of data voids. Then we provide two examples, one that relates to existing data about bicycle mobility, and one about non-data for local food production. In the discussion, we then untangle and outline how our thinking about data for sustainability is impacted and influenced by the data in a void model
Coccyzus americanus
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Cuculiformes
Cuculidae
Coccyzus
Coccyzus americanus

description: Coccyzus americanus (Linnaeus, 1758) Figure 2C Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 24.VII.2017; photographic record; trail L4; WA3826894. Identification. This species is 25 cm long. It has a black bill with a yellow mandible. The eye-rings are gray, the head and upper parts are brown, and the underparts are white. The throat and breast have a grayish tint.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 298, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
Magnetorotationally driven Supernovae as the origin of early galaxy $r$-process elements?
Creators: name: Winteler, Christian
name: Kaeppeli, Roger
name: Perego, Albino
name: Arcones, Almudena
name: Vasset, Nicolas
name: Nishimura, Nobuya
name: Liebendoerfer, Matthias
name: Thielemann, Friedrich-Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine magnetorotationally driven supernovae as sources of $r$-process elements in the early Galaxy. On the basis of thermodynamic histories of tracer particles from a three-dimensional magnetohydrodynamical core-collapse supernova model with approximated neutrino transport, we perform nucleosynthesis calculations with and without considering the effects of neutrino absorption reactions on the electron fraction ($Y_{e}$) during post-processing. We find that the peak distribution of $Y_{e}$ in the ejecta is shifted from $\sim0.15$ to $\sim0.17$ and broadened toward higher $Y_{e}$ due to neutrino absorption. Nevertheless, in both cases the second and third peaks of the solar $r$-process element distribution can be well reproduced. The rare progenitor configuration that was used here, characterized by a high rotation rate and a large magnetic field necessary for the formation of bipolar jets, could naturally provide a site for the strong $r$-process in agreement with observations of the early galactic chemical evolution.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Curbside
Creators: name: Ross, Karly
Publisher: name: IEEE VISAP 2024
Year: 2024

description: Curbside is a personal exploration of (dis)ability and (im)mobility in wintertime Calgary. I use textiles, texts, and photographs to weave together self and the environment. Curbside connects quantitative data about snow and temperature with traces of environmental conditions using dyed yarns and photographs. Interlaced throughout are theoretically grounded autobiographical reflections about disability. These reflections focus on how landscape forms and interacts with disability in ways that are informed by water, snow, and ice. It embodies how different forms of data such as quantitative weather data, material traces, and personal stories can work together. Curbside also provides an example of how data art can incorporate highly personal experience to illuminate local systems in thoughtful ways.
Glaucidium hardyi
Creators: name: Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva
name: Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei
name: Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane
name: Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas
name: Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ranunculales
Ranunculaceae
Glaucidium
Glaucidium hardyi

description: Glaucidium hardyi (Vielliard, 1990) Records. BRAZIL – Rondônia • Porto Velho, Estação Ecológica de Cuniã; first record on 24.VII.2017; sound record; trail L4; WA4045902. Identification. This species is 15 cm long. It call is a sequence of 10–36 short, unmodulated whistles which are slightly descending in frequency and volume, lasting up to 3 seconds, and repeated at regular intervals.
description: Published as part of Machado, Tatiana Lemos da Silva, Marques de Oliveira, Uéslei, Santos do Nascimento, Sheiliane, Santos, Marcos Pérsio Dantas & Manzatto, Angelo Gilberto, 2021, Preliminary survey of avifauna of the Estação Ecológica do Cuniã in Porto Velho, northern Brazil, pp. 289-310 in Check List 17 (1) on page 298, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.289
Additional file 2 of Targeting Bruton’s tyrosine kinase in vitreoretinal lymphoma: an open-label, prospective, single-center, phase 2 study
Creators: name: Guan, Wenxue
name: Wang, Liang
name: Peng, Xiaoyan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Diagnostic test results of vitreoretinal lymphoma patients.