cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 2 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Distribution of treatments for metastatic cancer and castration-resistant prostate cancer.
Perceptions of School Leadership in the United Arab Emirates (UAE)
Creators: name: Litz, David
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education--Administration
subject: Administration
subject: Leadership
subject: Policy
subject: Change
subject: innovation
subject: UAE

description: There are increasing pressures in schools in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) to enact change, and the academic literature has shown that transformational leadership is positively associated with school leaders’ effectiveness at implementing reforms. The purpose of this study was to determine the degree to which school principals in the UAE practice transformational leadership to bring about change and innovation within this Middle Eastern educational context, as well as to investigate teachers’ and principals’ overall acceptance of this type of leadership in this country. The research design was a mixed-method approach that was underpinned by the pragmatic paradigm. The methods that were utilized in this study involved an initial questionnaire that was administered to teachers and principals in addition to detailed follow-up interviews conducted by the researcher. 130 participants were involved in the survey while four principals and 12 teachers participated in the semi-structured interviews. The findings indicated that principals believe they were practicing high levels of transformational leadership, but the majority of the teachers disagreed with that assessment. This trend emerged from all the components of the transformational leadership model that was utilized in the study: challenging the process, inspiring a shared vision, enabling others to act, modelling the way, and encouraging the heart. When the results were analysed within the context of Hofstede’s cultural models, it appeared that the differences in opinions between principals and teachers would be a natural extension of cultural differences between the largely Islamic population and a more Western orientation of the transformational leadership paradigm adopted by the Emirati (Arab) principals. This realization suggested that transformational leadership could still be a success in Arab nations such as the UAE, but modification of that model was suggested; a proposed model, the ‘Modified Transformational Model’, is provided. Although transactional leadership is still prevalent in the UAE, adopting the recommendation that change be directed gradually, including adding more education and training about the concepts of professionalism and leadership, as well as expanding the research base and conducting more cross-cultural studies, should assist in ensuring the successful adoption of transformational leadership in Arab and Islamic nations, to great import.
title: Pour une approche géoarchéologique systématique du diagnostic : exemple du territoire lorrain
Creators: name: Champougny, Anaïs
name: Gebhardt, Anne
Publisher: name: Inrap
Year: 2020

description: Pour le géoarchéologue, la phase de diagnostic offre la possibilité d’étudier les sols et les sédiments dans toutes leurs dimensions sur une surface d’investigation souvent importante recoupant parfois plusieurs contextes pédo-sédimentaires. L’étude de l’organisation de ces séquences permet non seulement de révéler l’existence ou l’absence d’un site archéologique, mais également de mettre en évidence les interactions entre l’homme et son environnement à une échelle géographique plus large. L’approche géoarchéologique doit donc être impérativement considérée comme un prérequis au diagnostic et ce dès la phase préparatoire de l’opération. Cet article propose de montrer comment l’étude des sols et des sédiments apporte de nouvelles connaissances sur la mise en place des formations superficielles ainsi que sur les interactions hommes-milieux à partir de quelques exemples lorrains choisis.
description: For geoarchaeologist, diagnostic phase offers the possibility of studying soils and sediments in all their dimensions over an often large area of investigation that sometimes cuts across several pedo-sedimentary contexts. Organizational study of these sequences not only makes it possible to reveal the existence or absence of an archaeological site, but also to highlight the interactions between man and his environment on a wider geographical scale. The geoarchaeological approach must therefore be considered as a prerequisite to archeological survey, right from the preparatory phase of the operation. This article proposes to show how the study of soils and sediments provides new knowledge on the setting up of surface formations as well as on human-environment interactions based on a few selected examples from Lorraine.
Deep Reinforcement Learning-based Energy Efficiency Optimization For Flying LoRa Gateways
Creators: name: Jouhari, Mohammed
name: Ibrahimi, Khalil
name: Othman, Jalel Ben
name: Amhoud, El Mehdi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A resource-constrained unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) can be used as a flying LoRa gateway (GW) to move inside the target area for efficient data collection and LoRa resource management. In this work, we propose deep reinforcement learning (DRL) to optimize the energy efficiency (EE) in wireless LoRa networks composed of LoRa end devices (EDs) and a flying GW to extend the network lifetime. The trained DRL agent can efficiently allocate the spreading factors (SFs) and transmission powers (TPs) to EDs while considering the air-to-ground wireless link and the availability of SFs. In addition, we allow the flying GW to adjust its optimal policy onboard and perform online resource allocation. This is accomplished through retraining the DRL agent using reduced action space. Simulation results demonstrate that our proposed DRL-based online resource allocation scheme can achieve higher EE in LoRa networks over three benchmark schemes.
The Effects of Probiotics and the Low-Carbohydrate High-Protein Diet in Modulating Atherosclerosis.
Creators: name: St-Amant, Antoine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Atherosclerosis, a disease characterized by the accumulation of lipid-rich plaques in medium to large arteries, represents the most common cause of death in the world. Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to many steps of the disease, through the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and by disrupting cell signalling pathways. Importantly, ROS induce the dedifferentiation of vascular smooth muscle cells, after which they migrate to the plaque region and proliferate, rendering the disease irreversible.

 The western diet (W-DIET), rich in unhealthy fats and sugars, contributes to the epidemic of obesity and metabolic diseases, leading many individuals to alternative dietary patterns, including the low-carbohydrate high-protein diet (L-DIET). However, emerging evidence, both in humans and in animals, show that the L-DIET could worsen the progression of atherosclerosis, although the pathways through which the plaque buildup occurs remains largely unknown. In parallel, poor dietary patterns induce gut dysbiosis, which represents a major driver of diseases and strongly correlates with the development of cardiovascular pathologies. Hence, by restoring the integrity of the gut microbiota, probiotics supplements could prevent the buildup of atherosclerotic plaques.

 Using a meta-analysis, high-resolution respirometry, immunoblotting, and polymerase chain reaction sequencing, this thesis explores the role of (1) supplements of probiotics and (2) the L-DIET in modulating oxidative stress, the mitochondria, and the gut bacterial composition. The data reported here present evidence that the L-DIET could induce mitochondrial dysfunction and gut-dysbiosis. The results also support that by improving mitochondrial integrity and biomarkers of oxidative stress, probiotics represent an affordable, low-risk alternative treatment in the prevention of atherosclerosis.
ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ОДЕЖДЫ ДЛЯ ХИРУРГИЧЕСКИХ ОПЕРАЦИОННЫХ ПОМЕЩЕНИЙ
Creators: name: Болтаева, Клара
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Изучены наиболее эффективные для хирургических операционных помещений типы одежды и проведены комплексные испытания эффективности этих типов одежды для ношения в хирургических операционных помещениях. Комплексные испытания показали, что ношение нижних рубашек с длинными рукавами и длинных нижних брюк: существенно снижает выделение аэрозольных загрязнений.
Branch Road Nine
Creators: name: Hedley, Cara
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: Literature--Canadian (English)

description: When the Ojibway band that owns Crow Island reclaims it from the cottagers who have been leasing it for decades, Mag returns to her family cabin to help her grandparents move off the island. Investigating a violent incident her late mother committed against an Ojibway woman, Mag develops a complicated friendship with the woman’s daughter, Eden, and attempts to untangle her inherited guilt and grief — and the mystery of Eden and her mother — through story. Limning the ethical borderlines of access to voice and story, Branch Road Nine explores the discourse of guilt, apology, and reconciliation on a narrative level, interrogating Mag’s personal desire for truth and redemption from both the violent history inherited from her mother and the history between her family and the Ojibway band whose land they leased. Branch Road Nine confronts the paradox of responsibility and guilt entangled in these issues, enacting a narrative response to the question of how non-First Nations writers can approach the topic of Canada’s colonial past and present: with an eye turned toward the perils of appropriation, yet proceeding with a belief in the absolute necessity to try to represent these issues in all of their complexity.
Non-unitary triplet pairing in the centrosymmetric superconductor LaNiGa$_2$
Creators: name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Quintanilla, J.
name: Mazidian, B.
name: Annett, J. F.
name: Cywinski, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Muon spin rotation and relaxation experiments on the centrosymmetric intermetallic superconductor LaNiGa$_2$ are reported. The appearance of spontaneous magnetic fields coincides with the onset of superconductivity, implying that the superconducting state breaks time reversal symmetry, similarly to non-centrosymmetric LaNiC$_2$. Only four triplet states are compatible with this observation, all of which are non-unitary triplets. This suggests that LaNiGa$_2$ is the centrosymmetric analogue of LaNiC$_2$. We argue that these materials are representatives of a new family of paramagnetic non-unitary superconductors.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:0901.3153
Bioethical Considerations of Advancing the Application of Marine Biotechnology and Aquaculture
Creators: name: Harrell, Reginal M.
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: ethics
bioethics
marine biotechnology
aquaculture
alternative ethical considerations

description: Normative ethical considerations of growth of the marine biotechnology and aquaculture disciplines in biopharming, food production, and marine products commercialization from a bioethical perspective have been limited. This paucity of information begs the question of what constitutes a bioethical approach (i.e., respect for individuals or autonomy; beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice) to marine biotechnology and aquaculture, and whether it is one that is appropriate for consideration. Currently, thoughtful discussion on the bioethical implications of use, development, and commercialization of marine organisms or their products, as well as potential environmental effects, defaults to human biomedicine as a model. One must question the validity of using human bioethical principlism moral norms for appropriating a responsible marine biotechnology and aquaculture ethic. When considering potential impacts within these disciplines, deference must be given to differing value systems in order to find common ground to advance knowledge and avoid emotive impasses that can hinder the science and its application. The import of bioethical considerations when conducting research and/or production is discussed. This discussion is directed toward applying bioethical principles toward technology used for food, biomedical development (e.g., biopharming), or as model species for advancement of knowledge for human diseases.
A discourse analysis of the Mental Health Survival Kit informed by post-structural theories
Creators: name: Hendricks, Ryan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this thesis is to undertake a discourse analysis, informed by post-structural theories, of the Mental Health Survival Kit to elucidate the ways it produces subject positions. Toward that end, I begin by developing a historical context that supports an understanding of the way psychiatric discourse emerged and continues to emerge through interlock with other socio-political discourses (i.e., biomedical discourses, neoliberal discourses). Through positioning my work within this historical context, I am able to illuminate the linkages between the production of subject positions and socio-political discourses that are found within the Mental Health Survival Kit. To further understand this rich constellation of relationships, I extend a theoretical apparatus informed by post-structural theories (i.e., governmentality and performativity) to approach the ways subject positions may be produced by the Mental Health Survival Kit. Thus, after completing a discourse analysis of the Mental Health Survival Kit, it is my position that, immanently, you, a subject, produce and are produced by the Mental Health Survival Kit through interpellation signified through a rich constellation of socio-political relations. These relations will be further explored in my thesis. Hence, in one way, subject positions are produced within the Mental Health Survival Kit.
Emulator-based Bayesian Inference on Non-Proportional Scintillation Models by Compton-Edge Probing
Creators: name: Breitenmoser, David
name: Cerutti, Francesco
name: Butterweck, Gernot
name: Kasprzak, Malgorzata Magdalena
name: Mayer, Sabine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scintillator detector response modelling has become an essential tool in various research fields such as particle and nuclear physics, astronomy or geophysics. Yet, due to the system complexity and the requirement for accurate electron response measurements, model inference and calibration remains a challenge. Here, we propose Compton edge probing to perform non-proportional scintillation model (NPSM) inference for inorganic scintillators. We use laboratory-based gamma-ray radiation measurements with a NaI(Tl) scintillator to perform Bayesian inference on a NPSM. Further, we apply machine learning to emulate the detector response obtained by Monte Carlo simulations. We show that the proposed methodology successfully constrains the NPSM and hereby quantifies the intrinsic resolution. Moreover, using the trained emulators, we can predict the spectral Compton edge dynamics as a function of the parameterized scintillation mechanisms. The presented framework offers a novel way to infer NPSMs for any inorganic scintillator without the need for additional electron response measurements.
description: Revised manuscript based on single-blind peer-review (second round)
Additional file 3 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Percentage of the treatment-related complications.
Empowering collaborative action: the InvenioRDM community
Creators: name: Holmes, Kristi
name: Benito Gonzalez Lopez, Jose
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open science
institutional repository
equity
open knowledge

description: Research Data Management (RDM) platforms are critical infrastructure components in today’s open science ecosystem. RDM systems support efficient and trustworthy scholarly practices and can facilitate collaborative scholarship in a manner that recognizes the entire team, providing a way to attribute contributors and their expertise. RDMs empower discovery and access, while supporting interoperability and more equitable scholarly practices. InvenioRDM is a turnkey, born-interoperable RDM repository platform and data index to empower preservation, credit, discovery, and reuse of a wide range of digital artifacts and data – enabling best practice workflows and a more accurate understanding of the activities and people needed to drive knowledge forward. InvenioRDM builds on a strong foundation of collaboration. Development is accomplished by a large, multi-national collaboration which includes the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Northwestern University, and nearly 20 other partners, representing academic, research, funding, and industry collaborators from Europe, Asia, Africa, and North America. Our work is user driven by carefully understanding user experience, our proactive requirements gathering, and deliberate incorporation of best practices and standards. This presentation will introduce the InvenioRDM project and describe recent progress on software development, governance, and outreach. We’ll also share how our international open source project is responding to COVID-19 challenges to keep progress moving forward, including updates to the roadmap, more robust structures to support community engagement, updated workflows and “on-ramps” for collaborators, and improved documentation and implementation resources for local adoption teams.
Non-adiabatic Berry phase for semiconductor heavy holes under the coexistence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions
Creators: name: Tojo, Tatsuki
name: Takeda, Kyozaburo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We formulate the non-Abelian Berry connection (tensor $\mathbb R$) and phase (matrix $\boldsymbol Γ$) for a multiband system and apply them to semiconductor holes under the coexistence of Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interactions. For this purpose, we focus on the heavy-mass holes confined in a SiGe two-dimensional quantum well, whose electronic structure and spin texture are explored by the extended $\boldsymbol{k}\cdot\boldsymbol{p}$ approach. The strong intersubband interaction in the valence band causes quasi-degenerate points except for point $Γ$ of the Brillouin zone center. These points work as the singularity and change the Abelian Berry phase by the quantization of $π$ under the adiabatic process. To explore the influence by the non-adiabatic process, we perform the contour integral of $\mathbb R$ faithfully along the equi-energy surface by combining the time-dependent Schrödinger equation with the semi-classical equation-of-motion for cyclotron motion and then calculate the energy dependence of $\boldsymbol Γ$ computationally. In addition to the function as a Dirac-like singularity, the quasi-degenerate point functions in enhancing the intersubband transition via the non-adiabatic process. Consequently, the off-diagonal components generate both in $\mathbb R$ and $\boldsymbol Γ$, and the simple $π$-quantization found in the Abelian Berry phase is violated. More interestingly, these off-diagonal terms cause "resonant repulsion" at the quasi-degenerate energy and result in the discontinuity in the energy profile of $\boldsymbol Γ$.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures
Cyrface - Bridging Cytoscape With R
Creators: name: Emanuel Gonçalves The European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
name: Julio Saez-Rodriguez The European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SD, United Kingdom
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013

description: Cyrface establishes an interface between R and Cytoscape by using different Java-R libraries, e.g. Rserve, RCaller. Cyrface can be used as a Cytoscape plug-in, e.g. to run R commands within Cytoscape, or used as a library to allow your plug-in to connect to R.
description: Please be aware that this code is not being actively developed, as it is an archive of the code as it was at the time of publication in the associated F1000Research article. For the latest version of this code, please see https://sourceforge.net/projects/cyrface/.
Additional file 4 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Comparison of overall survival of men from published prostate cancer data and current study’s modelled population.
Spinors and Voros star-product for Group Field Theory: First Contact
Creators: name: Dupuis, Maité
name: Girelli, Florian
name: Livine, Etera R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of non-commutative geometries, we develop a group Fourier transform for the Lie group SU(2). Our method is based on the Schwinger representation of the Lie algebra su(2) in terms of spinors. It allows us to prove that the non-commutative R^3 space dual to the SU(2) group is in fact of the Moyal-type and endowed with the Voros star-product when expressed in the spinor variables. Finally, from the perspective of quantum gravity, we discuss the application of these new tools to group field theories for spinfoam models and their interpretation as non-commutative field theories with quantum-deformed symmetries.
description: 23 pages
Development and Microscaling of a Novel Glucose Biosensor for Application in a Minimally Invasive Sampling Platform
Creators: name: Jones, Tristan
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Engineering--Biomedical
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Biomedical Engineering
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: Glucose Bionsensors
subject: Electronic Mosquito
subject: diabetes mellitus
subject: Glucose Oxidase

description: Diabetes Mellitus is approaching epidemic proportions in North America and many regions in the world. Current treatment involves self-monitoring of blood glucose levels by analysis of a blood sample obtained by "finger-pricking". This suffers from non-compliance, and samples at a rate much lower than the Shannon frequency of blood glucose levels. The e-Mosquito provides near-painless sampling, is apply-and-forget, and provides a higher sampling rate. This thesis concerns miniaturiziation of a novel glucose transducer, for integration in the e-Mosquito, that consists of iridium and glucose oxidase on a gold electrode, and which obeys Michaelis-Menten kinetics and were characterized using their Imax and Km values. The sensor includes this transducer, a micropotentiostat, a power supply, and an ADC that communicates with the e-Mosquito microprocessor. Testing of the transducer showed current densities of 250-400 uA/cm2, though with high inter-transducer variability. The potentiostat was also characterized and demonstrated to have adequate sensitivity and bandwidth.
Processes, Roles and Their Interactions
Creators: name: Reich, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Taking an interaction network oriented perspective in informatics raises the challenge to describe deterministic finite systems which take part in networks of nondeterministic interactions. The traditional approach to describe processes as stepwise executable activities which are not based on the ordinarily nondeterministic interaction shows strong centralization tendencies. As suggested in this article, viewing processes and their interactions as complementary can circumvent these centralization tendencies. The description of both, processes and their interactions is based on the same building blocks, namely finite input output automata (or transducers). Processes are viewed as finite systems that take part in multiple, ordinarily nondeterministic interactions. The interactions between processes are described as protocols. The effects of communication between processes as well as the necessary coordination of different interactions within a processes are both based on the restriction of the transition relation of product automata. The channel based outer coupling represents the causal relation between the output and the input of different systems. The coordination condition based inner coupling represents the causal relation between the input and output of a single system. All steps are illustrated with the example of a network of resource administration processes which is supposed to provide requesting user processes exclusive access to a single resource.
description: In Proceedings IWIGP 2012, arXiv:1202.4229
Chronology Protection in Galileon Models and Massive Gravity
Creators: name: Burrage, Clare
name: de Rham, Claudia
name: Heisenberg, Lavinia
name: Tolley, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galileon models are a class of effective field theories that have recently received much attention. They arise in the decoupling limit of theories of massive gravity, and in some cases they have been treated in their own right as scalar field theories with a specific nonlinearly realized global symmetry (Galilean transformation). It is well known that in the presence of a source, these Galileon theories admit superluminal propagating solutions, implying that as quantum field theories they must admit a different notion of causality than standard local Lorentz invariant theories. We show that in these theories it is easy to construct closed timelike curves (CTCs) within the {\it naive} regime of validity of the effective field theory. However, on closer inspection we see that the CTCs could never arise since the Galileon inevitably becomes infinitely strongly coupled at the onset of the formation of a CTC. This implies an infinite amount of backreaction, first on the background for the Galileon field, signaling the break down of the effective field theory, and subsequently on the spacetime geometry, forbidding the formation of the CTC. Furthermore the background solution required to create CTCs becomes unstable with an arbitrarily fast decay time. Thus Galileon theories satisfy a direct analogue of Hawking's chronology protection conjecture.
description: 34 pages, no figures
The X-ray light curve of Gamma-ray bursts: clues to the central engine
Creators: name: Bernardini, M. G.
name: Margutti, R.
name: Mao, J.
name: Zaninoni, E.
name: Chincarini, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of a large sample of gamma-ray burst (GRB) X-ray light curves in the rest frame to characterise their intrinsic properties in the context of different theoretical scenarios. We determine the morphology, time scales, and energetics of 64 long GRBs observed by \emph{Swift}/XRT \emph{without} flaring activity. We furthermore provide a one-to-one comparison to the properties of GRBs \emph{with} X-ray flares. We find that the steep decay morphology and its connection with X-ray flares favour a scenario in which a central engine origin. We show that this scenario can also account for the shallow decay phase, provided that the GRB progenitor star has a self-similar structure with a constant envelope-to-core mass ratio $\sim 0.02-0.03$. However, difficulties arise for very long duration ($t_p\gtrsim10^4$ s) shallow phases. Alternatively, a spinning-down magnetar whose emitted power refreshes the forward shock can quantitatively account for the shallow decay properties. In particular we demonstrate that this model can account for the plateau luminosity vs. end time anticorrelation.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
TREATMENT RESULTS WHEN USING REMOVABLE PROSTHETICS BASED ON IMPLANTS
Creators: name: Barotov, Iftikhor
name: Ibragimova, Firuza
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: To study the analysis of indicators of the results of removable prosthetics based on implants in the complete absence of teeth. Results: patients with complete absence of teeth, whose dental implantation ended with the manufacture of removable structures, significantly exceeded patients with orthopedic treatment using complete removable prostheses in terms of satisfaction with prosthetics and quality of life after prosthetics. Conclusions: according to the main indicators of treatment results (the implant survival index and the effectiveness of clinical prosthetics), bridges and removable structures based on implants do not have significant differences.
Measurement of Within-Season Tree Height Growth in a Mixed Forest Stand Using UAV Imagery
Creators: name: Dempewolf, Jan
name: Nagol, Jyoteshwar
name: Hein, Sebastian
name: Thiel, Carsten
name: Zimmerman, Reiner
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: forest monitoring
seasonal
tree height growth
forestry
UAV
UAS
COTS
SfM
DSM

description: Tree height growth measurements at monthly and annual time scales are important for calibrating and validating forest growth models, forest management and studies of forest ecology and biophysical processes. Previous studies measured the terminal growth of individual trees or forest stands at annual or decadal time scales. Short-term, within-season measurements, however, are largely unavailable due to technical and practical limitations. Here, we describe a novel approach for measuring within-season tree height growth using a time series of co-registered digital surface models obtained with a low-cost unmanned aerial vehicle in combination with ground control plates and Structure from Motion data processing. The test site was a 2-hectare temperate mixed forest stand of varying age and successional stage in central Europe. Our results show median growth rates between 27 May and 19 August of 68 cm for Norway spruce, 93 cm for Scots pine, 106 cm for Silver birch and 26 cm for European beech. The results agree well with published field observations for these species. This study demonstrates the capability of inexpensive, increasingly user-friendly and versatile UAV systems for measuring tree height growth at short time scales, which was not previously possible, opening up new avenues for investigation and practical applications in forestry and research.
Defining Topologically Oriented Transmembrane Helix Contacts in Integral Membrane Protein EmrE by a Modified Two-Hybrid Approach
Creators: name: Burt, Jason
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: EmrE
subject: Integral Membrane Protein
subject: Protein Structure
subject: Transmembrane Helices
subject: Bacterial Two-Hybrid
subject: Miller Assay

description: Study of integral membrane proteins is comparatively difficult in comparison to soluble proteins, requiring more specialized techniques. Here is presented an application of the Bacterial Adenylate Cyclase Two-Hybrid (BACTH) method to study oligomerization in membrane proteins applied to model integral membrane multidrug transporter EmrE. The system was unable to observe dimerization between full length monomers of EmrE, likely due to the preferential antiparallel nature of EmrE dimers. Further studies required large numbers of samples, so the Miller assay was adapted to work in a small volume microtitre plate format. Using this new higher throughput assay, constructs of individual EmrE transmembrane helices (TMH) were utilized to perform contact mapping of EmrE dimer structure. The results were compiled to construct a transmembrane helix interaction structure. This structure obtained is novel and identifies inconsistencies from previous studies.
Additional file 5 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Distribution of patients with localised prostate cancer across risk status.
Characterization of Copy Number Variation’s Potential Role in Marek’s Disease
Creators: name: Xu, Lingyang
name: He, Yanghua
name: Ding, Yi
name: Sun, Guirong
name: Carrillo, Jose Adrian
name: Li, Yaokun
name: Ghaly, Mona M.
name: Ma, Li
name: Zhang, Huanmin
name: Liu, George E.
name: Song, Jiuzhou
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: copy number variation
chicken
inbred lines
recombinant congenic strains (RCS)
Marek's disease
RNA-sequencing

description: Marek’s Disease (MD) is a highly contagious pathogenic and oncogenic disease primarily affecting chickens. Chicken Lines 63 and 72, as well as their recombinant congenic strains (RCS) with varied susceptibility to MD, are ideal models to study the complex mechanisms of genetic resistance to MD. In this study, we investigated copy number variation (CNV) in these inbred chicken lines using the Affymetrix Axiom HD 600 K SNP genotyping array. We detected 393 CNV segments across all ten chicken lines, of which 12 CNVs were specifically identified in Line 72. We then assessed genetic structure based on CNV and observed markedly different patterns. Finally, we validated two deletion events in Line 72 and correlated them with genes expression using qPCR and RNA-seq, respectively. Our combined results indicated that these two CNV deletions were likely to contribute to MD susceptibility.
Additional file 6 of Cost-effectiveness of MRI targeted biopsy strategies for diagnosing prostate cancer in Singapore
Creators: name: Cheng, Li-Jen
name: Soon, Swee Sung
name: Tan, Teck Wei
name: Tan, Cher Heng
name: Lim, Terence Sey Kiat
name: Tay, Kae Jack
name: Loke, Wei Tim
name: Ang, Bertrand
name: Chiong, Edmund
name: Ng, Kwong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6: Table S6. Summary of one-way sensitivity analyses parameters and results - Strategy 4 vs Strategy 1.
Coupler microwave-activated controlled phase gate on fluxonium qubits
Creators: name: Simakov, Ilya A.
name: Mazhorin, Grigoriy S.
name: Moskalenko, Ilya N.
name: Abramov, Nikolay N.
name: Grigorev, Alexander A.
name: Moskalev, Dmitry O.
name: Pishchimova, Anastasiya A.
name: Smirnov, Nikita S.
name: Zikiy, Evgeniy V.
name: Rodionov, Ilya A.
name: Besedin, Ilya S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tunable couplers have recently become one of the most powerful tools for implementing two-qubit gates between superconducting qubits. A tunable coupler typically includes a nonlinear element, such as a SQUID, which is used to tune the resonance frequency of an LC circuit connecting two qubits. Here we propose a complimentary approach where instead of tuning the resonance frequency of the tunable coupler by applying a quasistatic control signal, we excite by microwave the degree of freedom associated with the coupler itself. Due to strong effective longitudinal coupling between the coupler and the qubits, the frequency of this transition strongly depends on the computational state, leading to different phase accumulations in different states. Using this method, we experimentally demonstrate a CZ gate of 44 ns duration on a fluxonium-based quantum processor, obtaining a fidelity of $97.6\pm 0.4 \%$ characterized by cross-entropy benchmarking.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
Using acoustic stimuli to inhibit the startle response triggered by whiplash collisions : implications for injury prevention
Creators: name: Mang, Daniel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Introduction: In British Columbia, whiplash injuries and its associated disorders are serious economical and social burdens to society. Despite affecting less than 1 percent of the population, whiplash injuries costs of over 850 million dollars annually (ICBC 2007). In recent studies, the startle response was shown to form part of the neuromuscular response to whiplash-like perturbations (Blouin et al. 2006a and b). In non-whiplash experiments, a weak or startling pre-stimulus tone presented before a subsequent startling stimulus can inhibit the startle response (Ison and Krauter 1974; Valls-Sole et al. 2005). The objective of the present study was to investigate how different pre-stimulus tones (weak and startling) affected the amplitude of muscle responses and the peak magnitude of head kinematics observed in human volunteers during whiplash-like perturbations. Methods: Twenty healthy subjects experienced five consecutive whiplash-like perturbations presented simultaneously with a loud collision sound (109 decibel (dB)). The three experimental conditions differed with the intensity of pre-stimuli tone presented 250 milliseconds prior to the onset of the perturbation: 1.) no pre-stimulus tone (Control), 2.) a weak pre-stimulus tone (85dB) and 3.) a startling pre-stimulus tone (105dB). Electromyography (EMG) of neck and distal limb muscles, and kinematics of the head and trunk were simultaneously collected. Mixed model ANOVAs and post-hoc Tukey’s honest significant difference test were used to analyze each EMG and kinematic variable (alpha=0.05). Results: Presenting a startling pre-stimulus tone before the whiplash-like perturbation decreased muscular (sternocleidomastoid: -16%, C4 paraspinal: -26%, biceps brachii: -66%, triceps brachii: -62%, first dorsal interosseous: -68%, and rectus femoris: -78%) and kinematic (peak retraction: -17%, peak horizontal acceleration of the head: -23%, and peak head angular acceleration in extension: -23%) responses from Control condition (p<0.05). A weak pre-stimulus tone decreased only the muscular responses of triceps brachii (-38%), first dorsal interosseous (-48%) and rectus femoris (-57%) from Control condition (p<0.01). Conclusion: A startling tone presented prior to a whiplash-like perturbation alters the head-neck responses in ways that are consistent with reducing neck tissue strains. This study is an initial step in the development of preventive devices to decrease the whiplash injury potential during low-speed, rear-end automotive collisions.
Wellbore Strengthening by Means of Nanoparticle-Based Drilling Fluids
Creators: name: Contreras Puerto, Oscar
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Engineering--Petroleum
subject: Nanoparticles
subject: wellbore
subject: Strengthening

description: Wellbore strengthening is the mechanism of increasing the fracture pressure of the rock at depth. Application of wellbore strengthening in the drilling industry enable safe drilling by preventing mud losses, drilling in narrow mud windows, accessing reserves in depleted reservoirs, and also has the potential to reduce the number of casing runs. Until now, the predominant wellbore strengthening mechanism and its occurrence in ultra-low permeability media such as shales is a subject of discussion. This dissertation presents original research that concludes that fracture tip resistance by the development of an immobile mass is the predominant wellbore strengthening mechanism for sandstone and shale formations. Wellbore strengthening in sandstones and shales was achieved with a fracture breakdown pressure increase of 65% and 30%, respectively. Oil based mud (OBM) containing in-house prepared nanoparticles (NPs) was used for hydraulic fracturing experiments performed in an experimental set-up that scaled a drilled, cased and cemented wellbore in a core. Optical microscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis were performed on the cores post-testing and the fracture seal was characterized. This research demonstrated the successful application of nanoparticle-based drilling fluids in the presence of graphite in reducing mud filtration at high-pressure high-temperature (HPHT) in porous media and low-pressure low-temperature (LPLT) in filter paper. Mud filtration reductions of 76% and 100% were achieved respectively. A strong match between wellbore strengthening and mud filtration was discovered for iron-based (NP1) and calcium-based (NP2) NPs. NPs performance in virgin vs. recycled mud was quantified and the effect of NPs preparation procedure on blends performance was addressed. These results are anticipated to have a significant impact in drilling and completions operations. This dissertation was conducted by the author in a cooperative agreement between the University of Calgary and the Missouri University of Science and Technology.
Post-Deepwater Horizon Oil Spill Monitoring of Louisiana Salt Marshes Using Landsat Imagery
Creators: name: Mo, Yu
name: Kearney, Michael S.
name: Riter, J. C. Alexis
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: Deepwater Horizon oil spill
salt marshes
Louisiana
Landsat
AVIRIS
NDVI

description: The Deepwater Horizon oil spill, the second largest marine oil spill in history, contaminated over a thousand kilometers of coastline in the Louisiana salt marshes and seriously threatened this valuable ecosystem. Measuring the impacts of the oil spill over the large and complex coast calls for the application of remote sensing techniques. This study develops a method for post-Deepwater Horizon oil spill monitoring of the damaged marsh vegetation using Landsat imagery. This study utilizes 10 years of Landsat data, from 2005 to 2014, to examine the longevity of the oil spill’s impacts on the marsh vegetation. AVIRIS data collected between 2010 and 2012 are used to validate the Landsat results. Landsat imagery documents the significant effect of oiling on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) of the marsh vegetation in 2010 and 2011 (p < 0.01 in both cases). These results are corroborated by the AVIRIS data, which recorded the most severe impact in May 2011 followed by progressive recovery in October 2011 and October 2012. The Landsat imagery, combined with relevant environmental information and appropriate statistical tools, provides a robust and low-cost method for long-term post-oil spill monitoring of the marshes, revealing that the major aboveground impacts (at 30 m scale) of the Deepwater Horizon oil spill on Louisiana salt marshes lasted for two years. The method presented is applicable for other hazardous events whenever pre-event referencing and long-term post-event monitoring are desired, thereby offering an effective and economical tool for disaster management.
Subsampling in ensemble Kalman inversion
Creators: name: Hanu, Matei
name: Latz, Jonas
name: Schillings, Claudia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N21, 90C56, 60J25, 68W20,

description: We consider the Ensemble Kalman Inversion which has been recently introduced as an efficient, gradient-free optimisation method to estimate unknown parameters in an inverse setting. In the case of large data sets, the Ensemble Kalman Inversion becomes computationally infeasible as the data misfit needs to be evaluated for each particle in each iteration. Here, randomised algorithms like stochastic gradient descent have been demonstrated to successfully overcome this issue by using only a random subset of the data in each iteration, so-called subsampling techniques. Based on a recent analysis of a continuous-time representation of stochastic gradient methods, we propose, analyse, and apply subsampling-techniques within Ensemble Kalman Inversion. Indeed, we propose two different subsampling techniques: either every particle observes the same data subset (single subsampling) or every particle observes a different data subset (batch subsampling).
Damage Assessment Using Information Entropy of Individual Acoustic Emission Waveforms during Cyclic Fatigue Loading
Creators: name: Sauerbrunn, Christine M.
name: Kahirdeh, Ali
name: Yun, Huisung
name: Modarres, Mohammad
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2017
Subjects: information entropy
acoustic emission
fatigue
damage

description: Information entropy measured from acoustic emission (AE) waveforms is shown to be an indicator of fatigue damage in a high-strength aluminum alloy. Three methods of measuring the AE information entropy, regarded as a direct measure of microstructural disorder, are proposed and compared with traditional damage-related AE features. Several tension–tension fatigue experiments were performed with dogbone samples of aluminum 7075-T6, a commonly used material in aerospace structures. Unlike previous studies in which fatigue damage is measured based on visible crack growth, this work investigated fatigue damage both prior to and after crack initiation through the use of instantaneous elastic modulus degradation. Results show that one of the three entropy measurement methods appears to better assess the damage than the traditional AE features, whereas the other two entropies have unique trends that can differentiate between small and large cracks.