Catocala delilah Strecker 1874
Creators: name: Hawks, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Catocala
Catocala delilah

description: <i>C. delilah</i> Strecker, 1874 <i>adoptiva</i> Grote, 1874 <i>calphurnia</i> H. Edwards, 1880 <i>umbella</i> Barnes &amp; Benjamin, 1927 <i>C. desdemona</i> H. Edwards, 1882, <b>stat. rev.</b> <i>ixion</i> Druce, 1890, <b>syn. n</b> <i>utahensis</i> Cassino, 1918, <b>syn. n</b> <i>swetti</i> Barnes &amp; Benjamin, 1927 <i>umbra</i> Barnes &amp; Benjamin, 1927 <i>C. caesia</i> Hawks, 2010, <b>sp. n.</b> <i>C. frederici</i> Grote, 1872 <i>C. benjamini</i> Brower, 1937 a. <i>benjamini</i> Brower, 1937 b. <i>ute</i> Peacock &amp; Wagner, 2009 c. <i>jumpi</i> Hawks, 2010, <b>ssp. n.</b> d. <i>mayhewi</i> Hawks, 2010, <b>ssp. n.</b> <i>C. andromache</i> H. Edwards, 1885 <i>wellsi</i> Johnson,1983, <b>syn. n.</b> <i>C. californiensis</i> Brower, 1976 <i>C. johnsoniana</i> Brower, 1976 <i>C. mcdunnoughi</i> Brower, 1937 <i>browerarum</i> Johnson, 1983, <b>syn. n.</b> <i>C. chelidonia</i> Grote, 1881 a. <i>chelidonia</i> Grote, 1881 b. <i>occidentalis</i> Hawks, 2010, <b>ssp. n.</b> c. <i>uniforma</i> Hawks, 2010, <b>ssp. n.</b> Key to adults of the <i>Catocala delilah</i> species complex 1. Forewing with conspicuous basal dash; subreniform open........ <i>johnsoniana</i> <b>–</b> Basal dash absent, or small and inconspicuous; subreniform usually closed <b>2</b> 2. Dorsal hindwing with thin black line along margin between M1 and ScR1 dividing apical spot; ventral hindwing apical area invaded by black............ <b>3</b> <b>–</b> Apical areas not as above............................................................................ <b>4</b> 3. Dorsal forewing even charcoal or ashy gray.................................. <i>chelidonia</i> <b>–</b> Dorsal forewing mostly brown, mottled with dark patches..... <i>mcdunnoughi</i> 4. Two teeth of PM line pointing outward near M1 and M2, third tooth pointing inward near 2A at least twice as long as other teeth; generally large species, forewing costal margin length circa 28–31 mm.......................................... <b>5</b> <b>–</b> All teeth of PM line similar in size, none conspicuously longer than others; smaller species, forewing costal margin circa 19–26 mm............................ <b>6</b> 5. AM line thick at costa, gradually becoming thin toward inner margin, or appearing “beaded” due to alternating thick and thin areas; dorsal forewing surface usually evenly brown; dorsal hindwing with bands brownish orange; edges of apical spot on ventral hindwing usually not well defined..... <i>delilah</i> <b>–</b> AM line thick at costa, abruptly becoming thin near radial vein and near inner margin, not conspicuously “beaded;” dorsal forewing highly variable, usually mottled grayish brown; bands of dorsal hindwing yellowish orange; edges of apical spot on ventral hindwing usually well defined...... <i>desdemona</i> 6. Undersides of forewings and hindwings boldly marked with yellow and black; apex and fringe of ventral forewing yellowish gray with few dark scales; apical hindwing spot yellow, sharply defined; fringes mostly yellow..................... <b>7</b> <b>–</b> Yellow areas of ventral wings often smeared with dark scales; apex of ventral forewing infused with dark scales; apical hindwing spot not sharply defined, ventral fringes conspicuously checkered..................................................... <b>8</b> 7. Dorsal forewing even green to blue gray, black scales nearly absent.... <i>frederici</i> <b>–</b> Dorsal forewing mottled blue, gray, brown, and black......................... <i>caesia</i> 8. Dorsal forewing even ashy gray with black lines; AM line thick; dark patch between reniform, subreniform, and PM line usually conspicuous.... <i>californiensis</i> <b>–</b> Dorsal forewing mottled with brown, lines indistinct; AM line usually thin, indistinct; dark patch usually not conspicuous........................................... <b>9</b> 9. Dorsal forewing varies from mottled to even brown or gray brown, not speckled with green or bluish-gray scales; ventral hindwing yellowish tan with narrow (1–2 mm) black inner band; few dark scales at hindwing base.......... <i>benjamini</i> <b>–</b> Dorsal forewing often blackish-gray, variably speckled with green or bluishgray scales; ventral hindwing yellow to yellow orange with wide (2–4 mm) black inner band; dark scales usually present at hindwing base.... <i>andromache</i> <b>Taxonomic accounts</b>
description: Published as part of <i>Hawks, David, 2010, Review of the Catocala delilah species complex (Lepidoptera, Erebidae), pp. 13-35 in ZooKeys 39 (39)</i> on pages 14-16, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.39.439, http://zenodo.org/record/576631
description: {"references": ["Strecker FHH (1874) Lepidoptera, Rhopaloceres and Heteroceres, indigenous and exotic; with descriptions and colored illustrations. Owen's Steam Book &amp; Job Printing, Reading, Pennsylvania (USA), 71 - 80.", "Grote AR (1874) Remarks on North American Noctuidae with descriptions of new species. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 5: 89 - 98.", "Edwards H (1880) Notes upon the genus Catocala, with descriptions of new varieties and species. Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 3: 53 - 62.", "Barnes W, Benjamin FH (1927) Notes and new species (Lepid.). Canadian Entomologist 59: 7.", "Edwards H (1882) New species of Heterocera. Papilio 2: 9 - 15.", "Druce H (1890) Heterocera. In: Godman FD, Salvin O, Biologia Centrali-Americana; or Contributions to the knowledge of the fauna of Mexico and Central America. Volume 1, Taylor and Francis, London, p. 360, Fig. 2 (Plate XXXI).", "Cassino SE (1918) A new race of Catocala delilah. Lepidopterist 2: 14.", "Grote AR (1872) On the North American species of Catocala. Transactions of the American Entomological Society 4: 1 - 20.", "Brower AE (1937) Descriptions of a new species and a new race of Catocala (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae). Bulletin of the Brooklyn Entomological Society 32: 184 - 186.", "Peacock JA, Wagner DL (2009) Catocala benjamini ute n. ssp. From southeastern Utah. Journal of Th e Lepidopterists' Society 63: 89 - 92.", "Edwards H (1885) New species of California moths. Entomologica Americana 1: 49 - 50.", "Johnson JW (1983) Two new Californian Catocala subspecies (Noctuidae). Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 20: 245 - 248.", "Brower AE (1976) New Catocala of North America. Journal of The Lepidopterists' Society 30: 33 - 37.", "Grote AR (1881) New moths from Arizona, with remarks on Catocala and Heliothis. Papilio 1: 153 - 168."]}