cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonperturbative gluon and ghost propagators in d=3
Creators: name: Papavassiliou, Joannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonperturbative gluon and ghost propagators in d=3 Yang-Mills, using the Schwinger-Dyson equations of the pinch technique. The use of the Schwinger mechanism leads to the dynamical generation of a gluon mass, which, in turn, gives rise to an infrared finite gluon propagator and ghost dressing function. The propagators obtained are in very good agreement with the results of SU(2) lattice simulations.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. Talk presented at the Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum - Madrid 2010, August 30th - September 3rd 2010, Madrid, Spain
Interface mapping in two-dimensional random lattice models
Creators: name: Karsai, M.
name: d'Auriac, J-Ch. Angles
name: Igloi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two disordered lattice models on the square lattice: on the medial lattice the random field Ising model at T=0 and on the direct lattice the random bond Potts model in the large-q limit at its transition point. The interface properties of the two models are known to be related by a mapping which is valid in the continuum approximation. Here we consider finite random samples with the same form of disorder for both models and calculate the respective equilibrium states exactly by combinatorial optimization algorithms. We study the evolution of the interfaces with the strength of disorder and analyse and compare the interfaces of the two models in finite lattices.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
title: Ð­Ð»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ°Ñ ÑÐ°ÑÑÑ Ð¿ÑÐ»ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐÐ Ð­Ð¡ Ð¼Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾ÑÑÑÑ 2000 ÐÐÑ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð±Ð°ÐºÐ°Ð»Ð°Ð²ÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: The electric part of the pulverized coal-fired power plant with a capacity of 2000 MW
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð»ÑÐµÐ², Ð¡ÐµÑÐ³ÐµÐ¹
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ðµ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
Ð³ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ°ÑÐ¾Ñ
ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð°ÑÐ¾Ñ
ÑÐ°ÑÐ¿ÑÐµÐ´ÐµÐ»Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¹ÑÑÐ²Ð¾
Power station
short circuit
generator
transformer
switchgear In the work
the electrical part of the power plant was designed

description: Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð¿ÑÐ¾ÐµÐºÑÐ¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾ÑÑÐ°Ð½ÑÐ¸Ð¸. ÐÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼Ð°Ð»ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÑÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½Ð¾Ðµ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¾Ð¾Ð±Ð¾ÑÑÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ. Ð Ð°ÑÑÑÐ¸ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾ Ð·Ð°Ð¼ÑÐºÐ°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÐ±ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ðµ Ð°Ð¿Ð¿Ð°ÑÐ°ÑÑ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸. Ð Ð°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ð° Ð³Ð»Ð°Ð²Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ»ÐµÐºÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ ÑÐ¾ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¸ ÑÑÐµÐ¼Ð° ÑÐ¾Ð±ÑÑÐ²ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½ÑÐ¶Ð´.
description: Optimal structural scheme and basic electrical equipment were chosen. Short-circuit currents are calculated. Electrical devices and conductors are selected. The main circuit of electrical connections and the scheme of own needs are developed.
Rapid non-adiabatic loading in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Liu, Xinxing
name: Zhou, Xiaoji
name: Xiong, Wei
name: Vogt, Thibault
name: Chen, Xuzong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a scheme for non-adiabatically loading a Bose-Einstein condensate into the ground state of a one dimensional optical lattice within a few tens of microseconds typically, i.e. in less than half the Talbot period. This technique of coherent control is based on sequences of pulsed perturbations and experimental results demonstrate its feasibility and effectiveness. As the loading process is much shorter than the traditional adiabatic loading timescale, this method may find many applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
ARBA MINCH UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF GRADUATE STUDIES    IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR DEGREE OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN IRRIGATION ENGINEERING
Creators: name: GERARD MANIRAKIZA
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2008

description: The agriculture in Malagarazi sub basin (East party of Burundi) is currently dependent on
rainfed system with limited use of irrigation. Highly variable and erratic rainfall and lack of
means to store water in Malagarazi sub basin has contributed to drought and chronic food
shortages. Declining productivity in rainfed agriculture and rapid increase of population, land
degradation, and land scarcity problem are the factors contributing to food problems in the
area. To reduce the current intensified food shortage and poverty in Malagarazi sub basin,
there is a need of strategies that can support the efforts of ensuring food security in the basin.
Irrigation development was found to be best strategic option to ensure food security.
The aim of this research is therefore, to investigate and identify potential irrigable area using
the existing resources such as land and water resources with respect as a criteria in the
environment of geographic information system (GIS). The total identified irrigable area for
Malagarazi sub basins is 7.34 km
2,
9.77km
2,
8.52km
2
and 5.24 km
2
respecti�ly for Rukoziri,
Muyovozi, Rumpungwe and Mukazye sub-basins. The overall identified potentiial irrigable
area in the basin is in the order of 11.46km
2.
The total available irrigation potential can not be
developed with the available water. Thus, storage is essential.
It can be concluded that the identified suitable area for irrigation in Malagarazi sub basin is
3,087ha. This potential irrigable area, combining with development technology, can help the
population of Malagarazi sub basin which is largely rural and dependent on agriculture for
their livelihoods. It will reduce the chronic malnutrition, poverty, hunger and increase
agricultural production.
School Leaders’ Perceptions of Participating in the North Coast Initiative for School Improvement
Creators: name: Durheim, Tracy
name: Chaseling, Marilyn Joan
name: Boyd, Wendy
name: Foster, Alan
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: This investigation concerns school leaders’ perceptions regarding the efficacy of a leadership development initiative implemented across schools in the North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Based on an Alberta school improvement process, the North Coast Initiative for School Improvement sought to achieve leadership development and improved learning outcomes through use of the processes of collaborative inquiry and generative dialogue. Five schools were selected for an exploration of experiences within the Initiative. Accounts provided by the interviewees pointed strongly to the achievement of positive outcomes. The participants referred particularly to benefits in the form of increased leadership confidence and capability. Success factors underpinning the Initiative include: the twinning of collaborative inquiry as a process for improving professional practice with the process of generative dialogue to achieve more effective conversations, and; the nature of the Initiative, itself, where, facilitated by a visiting leadership team, professional colleagues meet monthly for deep discussion about professional issues they share. Key words: school improvement, school leadership, collaborative inquiry, generative dialogue, education innovation, change in educational practice. Cette enquête porte sur les perceptions des leaders scolaires concernant l'efficacité d'une initiative de développement du leadership mise en œuvre dans les écoles de la région de la côte nord de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, en Australie. Basée sur un processus d'amélioration des écoles de l'Alberta, la North Coast Initiative for School Improvement visait à développer le leadership et à améliorer les résultats d'apprentissage en utilisant les processus d'enquête collaborative et de dialogue génératif. Cinq écoles ont été sélectionnées pour une exploration des expériences au sein de l'initiative. Les comptes rendus fournis par les personnes interrogées ont mis en évidence l'obtention de résultats positifs. Les participants ont notamment fait référence à des avantages sous la forme d'une confiance et d'une capacité de leadership accrues. Les facteurs de réussite qui sous-tendent l'initiative sont les suivants : le jumelage de l'enquête collaborative en tant que processus d'amélioration de la pratique professionnelle avec le processus de dialogue génératif afin de parvenir à des conversations plus efficaces, et la nature de l'initiative elle-même, où, sous la direction d'une équipe de direction invitée, des collègues professionnels se rencontrent tous les mois pour discuter en profondeur de questions professionnelles communes. Mots clés : amélioration des écoles, leadership scolaire, enquête collaborative, dialogue génératif, innovation éducative, changement des pratiques éducatives
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021): Fall: Theme Issue
General Solution of EM Wave Propagation in Anisotropic Media
Creators: name: Lee, Jinyoung
name: Lee, Seoktae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When anisotropy is involved, the wave equation becomes simultaneous partial differential equations that are not easily solved. Moreover, when the anisotropy occurs due to both permittivity and permeability, these equations are insolvable without a numerical or an approximate method. The problem is essentially due to the fact neither $\e$ nor $\m$ can be extracted from the curl term, when they are in it. The terms $\na\times {\bf E}$ (or ${\bf H})$ and $\na\times \e{\bf E}$ (or $\;\m{\bf H})$ are practically independent variables, and $\bf E$ and $\bf H$ are coupled to each other. However, if Maxwell's equations are manipulated in a different way, new wave equations are obtained. The obtained equations can be applied in anisotropic, as well as isotropic, cases. In addition, $\bf E$ and $\bf H$ are decoupled in the new equations, so the equations can be solved analytically by using tensor Green's functions.
description: 6pages, no figure
D1-brane in Constant R-R 3-form Flux and Nambu Dynamics in String Theory
Creators: name: Chu, Chong-Sun
name: Ho, Pei-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider D1-string in a constant R-R 3-form flux background and analyze its low energy limit. The leading order low energy theory has reparametrization symmetry and is a generalization of an earlier work by Takhtajan. We show that the dynamical evolution of the theory takes a generalized Hamiltonian form in terms of a Nambu bracket. This description is formulated in terms of reparametrization invariant quantities and requires no fixing of the reparametrization symmetry. We also show that a Nambu- Poisson (p + 2)-bracket arises naturally in the reparametrization invariant description of the low energy theory of a p-brane in a constant (p + 2)-form flux background. For example, our results apply for a fundamental string in a constant NS-NS 3-form flux H3 and an M2-brane in a constant 4-form flux F4.
description: 30 pages, latex, references added
Local Gravity Constraints and Power Law f(R) Theories
Creators: name: Bisabr, Yousef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a conformal equivalence between power law $f(R)$ theories and scalar field theories in which the scalar degree of freedom evolves under the action of an exponential potential function. In the scalar field representation there is a strong coupling of the scalar field with the matter sector due to the conformal transformation. We use chameleon mechanism to implement constraints on the potential function of the scalar field in order that the resulting model be in accord with Solar System experiments. Investigation of these constraints reveals that there may be no possibility to distinguish between a power law $f(R)$ function and the usual Einstein-Hilbert Lagrangian density.
description: 11 Pages, no figure. To appear in Gravitation and Cosmology
Roots of Collaborative Inquiry and Generative Dialogue for Educational Leadership
Creators: name: Smith, Robert James
name: Petta, Koralia
name: Markopoulos, Christos
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: The twin processes of collaborative inquiry and generative dialogue underpin two closely aligned and increasingly influential school leadership development programs, one in Alberta, Canada, and the other in New South Wales, Australia. This paper focuses primarily on the Australian program, the character of which has been strongly influenced by its Canadian predecessor. Of interest in the paper is the nature of the foundations of collaborative inquiry and generative dialogue, and the relationship of these processes to an expressed need for better leadership development in the Australian school sector. David Townsend and Pam Adams, who are principally responsible for generating a school leadership development model based on the use of both collaborative inquiry and generative dialogue, have sought to show how these two processes should function seamlessly, but there is more to be said about the nature of their relationship. This paper seeks to throw more light on the integral role played by generative dialogue in empowering collaborative inquiry in the context of school leadership development. Keywords: generative dialogue, collaborative inquiry, school leadership, leadership development, educational leadership programs Les processus jumeaux de l'enquête collaborative et du dialogue génératif sous-tendent deux programmes de développement du leadership scolaire étroitement alignés et de plus en plus influents, l'un en Alberta, au Canada, et l'autre en Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, en Australie. Cet article se concentre principalement sur le programme australien, dont le caractère a été fortement influencé par son prédécesseur canadien. Il s'intéresse à la nature des fondements de l'enquête collaborative et du dialogue génératif, ainsi qu'à la relation entre ces processus et le besoin exprimé d'un meilleur développement du leadership dans le secteur scolaire australien. David Townsend et Pam Adams, qui sont les principaux responsables de la création d'un modèle de développement du leadership scolaire basé sur l'utilisation de l'enquête collaborative et du dialogue génératif, ont cherché à montrer comment ces deux processus devraient fonctionner de manière transparente, mais il y a plus à dire sur la nature de leur relation. Cet article vise à mettre en lumière le rôle intégral joué par le dialogue génératif dans l'autonomisation de l'enquête collaborative dans le contexte du développement du leadership scolaire. Mots clés : dialogue génératif, enquête collaborative, leadership scolaire, développement du leadership, programmes de leadership scolaire
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021): Fall: Theme Issue
An Adaptive Multimedia-Oriented Handoff Scheme for IEEE 802.11 WLANs
Creators: name: Rebai, Ahmed Riadh
name: Hanafi, Saïd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Previous studies have shown that the actual handoff schemes employed in the IEEE 802.11 Wireless LANs (WLANs) do not meet the strict delay constraints placed by many multimedia applications like Voice over IP. Both the active and the passive supported scan modes in the standard handoff procedure have important delay that affects the Quality of Service (QoS) required by the real-time communications over 802.11 networks. In addition, the problem is further compounded by the fact that limited coverage areas of Access Points (APs) occupied in 802.11 infrastructure WLANs create frequent handoffs. We propose a new optimized and fast handoff scheme that decrease both handoff latency and occurrence by performing a seamless prevent scan process and an effective next-AP selection. Through simulations and performance evaluation, we show the effectiveness of the new adaptive handoff that reduces the process latency and adds new context-based parameters. The Results illustrate a QoS delay-respect required by applications and an optimized AP-choice that eliminates handoff events that are not beneficial.
description: 20 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Uplifting School Leadership and the Townsend/Adams Seven Powers: A Study of Leadership Growth in a Small Rural Primary School in New South Wales, Australia
Creators: name: Boyd, William Edgar
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: This article presents a rich account of school leadership development within the North Coast Initiative for School Improvement program in New South Wales, Australia. The focus is the school leader at a small rural school, whose engagement with generative dialogue and collaborative inquiry results in a growing confidence in engaging her school community. The study demonstrates the power of narrative as a mode of inquiry and leadership development as represented in the school leader’s own account of her changing relationship with her school and her developing sense of professionalism. The study evaluates the success of the approach against a model of Seven Powers derived from the work of David Townsend and Pam Adams in Alberta, Canada, that includes the positive effects of carefully constructed and managed teams, professional relationships and processes, and the use of inquiry, reflection, collaboration, modelling and narrative in supporting the professional development of a school-based leader. Key words: school leadership growth; collaborative inquiry; emotional intelligence; narrative; generative dialogue; North Coast Initiative for School Improvement Cet article présente un compte rendu riche du développement du leadership scolaire dans le cadre du programme North Coast Initiative for Schola Improvement en Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, Australie. L'accent est mis sur le leader scolaire d'une petite école rurale, dont l'engagement dans le dialogue génératif et l'enquête collaborative se traduit par une confiance croissante dans l'engagement de sa communauté scolaire. L'étude démontre le pouvoir du récit en tant que mode d'enquête et de développement du leadership, tel qu'il est représenté dans le témoignage de la directrice de l'école sur l'évolution de sa relation avec son école et le développement de son sens du professionnalisme. L'étude évalue le succès de l'approche par rapport à un modèle des Sept Pouvoirs dérivé du travail de David Townsend et Pam Adams en Alberta, Canada, qui comprend les effets positifs d'équipes soigneusement construites et gérées, de relations et de processus professionnels, et l'utilisation de l'enquête, de la réflexion, de la collaboration, de la modélisation et du récit pour soutenir le développement professionnel d'un leader scolaire. Mots clés : leadership scolaire, enquête collaborative, intelligence émotionnelle, récit, dialogue génératif, North Coast Initiative for School Improvement
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021): Fall: Theme Issue
Privacy-Preserving Machine Learning for Improving University Student Retention
Creators: name: Thota, Ruchitha
name: Fields, John
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presented at the “NAIRR Pilot Inaugural Annual Meeting” (NSF Award #2452148), Arlington, VA, USA, February 19-21, 2025. https://zenodo.org/communities/nairr2025
Migratory Agricultural Labor in the United States: An Annotated Bibliography of Selected References
Creators: name: Folsom, Josiah C.
name: Folsom, Josiah C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1953
Subjects: Labor and Human Capital

description: Excerpts from the Preface: This bibliography lists principally publications concerning migratory agricultural laborers who habitually follow crops and obtain farm work mostly by their own efforts. It largely excludes materials dealing with domestic labor which was recruited under emergency farm labor programs by State and federal agencies during World War II. Such workers were those in the Boy and Girl Scouts, the Victory Farm Volunteers, Women's Land Army, U. S. Crop Corps, those housed in labor supply centers and camps, and emergency volunteer workers from towns and cities. Excluded also are materials relating to alien contract workers recruited in and transported from foreign countries into the United States for farm work in accordance with international agreements. These include, for example, Mexicans, Newfoundlanders, and Jamaicans. Public interest in migratory farm laborers has been aroused in recent years by the needs for such labor, the volume of the migrations, and by resulting economic and social problems which affect both the migrants and the communities in which they work. The period in which the listed publications were issued is approximately from March 1943 to October 1952.
A 750 mW, continuous-wave, solid-state laser source at 313 nm for cooling and manipulating trapped 9Be+ ions
Creators: name: Wilson, Andrew. C.
name: Ospelkaus, Christian
name: VanDevender, Aaron. P.
name: Mlynek, Jonas. A.
name: Brown, Kenton. R.
name: Leibfried, Dietrich
name: Wineland, David. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a solid-state laser system that generates 750 mW of continuous-wave single-frequency output at 313 nm. Sum-frequency generation with fiber lasers at 1550 nm and 1051 nm produces up to 2 W at 626 nm. This visible light is then converted to UV by cavity-enhanced second-harmonic generation. The laser output can be tuned over a 495 GHz range, which includes the 9Be+ laser cooling and repumping transitions. This is the first report of a narrow-linewidth laser system with sufficient power to perform fault-tolerant quantum-gate operations with trapped 9Be+ ions by use of stimulated Raman transitions.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Aperiodic two-layer energy management system for community microgrids based on blockchain strategy
Creators: name: Abeleira, Miguel Gayo
name: Pérez, Carlos Santos
name: Sánchez, Francisco Javier Rodríguez
name: Sánchez, Pedro Martín
name: Gómez, Enrique Santiso
name: Calvo, José Antonio Jiménez
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This work proposes a geographically-based split of the community microgrids into clusters of members that tend to have similar consumption and generation profiles. Assuming a community microgrid divided into clusters, a two-layer architecture is developed to facilitate the greater penetration of distributed energy resources in an efficient way. The first layer, referred as the market layer, is responsible for creating local energy markets with the aim of maximising the economic benefits for community microgrid members. The second layer is responsible for the network reconfiguration, which is based on the energy balance within each cluster. This layer complies with the IEC 61850 communication standard, in order to control commercial sectionalizing and tie switches. This allows the community microgrid network to be reconfigured to minimise energy exchanges with the main grid. To implement this two-layer energy management strategy, an aperiodic market approach based on Blockchain technology, and the additional functionality offered by Smart Contracts is adopted. This embraces the concept of energy communities since it decentralizes the control and eliminates intermediaries. The use of aperiodic control techniques helps to overcome the challenges of using Blockchain technology in terms of storage, computational requirements and member privacy. The scalability and modularity of the Smart Contract-based system allow each cluster of members to be designed by tailoring the system to their specific needs. The implementation of this strategy is based on low-cost off-the-shelf devices, such as Raspberry Pi 4 Model B boards, which operate as Blockchain nodes of community microgrid members. Finally, the strategy has been validated by emulating two use cases based on the IEEE 123-node system network model highlighting the benefits of the proposal.
Uplifting School Leadership—Enabling Structures and Processes: The Seven Powers of the Townsend/Adams Approach
Creators: name: Boyd, William Edgar
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: This article reviews the work of two Albertan educators, David Townsend and Pam Adams, in their application of collaborative inquiry to improving school leadership. Collaborative inquiry is essentially a professional practice that has yet not been comprehensively theorized. This article seeks to lay some foundations for a theorization of the practice by identifying structures and processes that appear to underlie the remarkable success of applications of the practice in several school districts in Alberta, Canada. The emerging mode is one that envisages seven powers: the power of teams, the power of relationship, the power of the process, the power of inquiry and reflection, the power of collaboration, the power of modelling, and the power of narrative. These powers appear to underpin much of what has been written about the ways in which collaborative inquiry has become a powerful force for leadership development in Alberta, and more recently in the State of New South Wales in Australia. Keywords: Collaborative inquiry, school leadership, enabling structures Cet article examine le travail de deux éducateurs albertains, David Townsend et Pam Adams, dans leur application de l'enquête collaborative pour améliorer le leadership scolaire. L'enquête collaborative est essentiellement une pratique professionnelle qui n'a pas encore été théorisée de manière exhaustive. Cet article cherche à jeter les bases d'une théorisation de la pratique en identifiant les structures et les processus qui semblent sous-tendre le succès remarquable des applications de la pratique dans plusieurs districts scolaires de l'Alberta, au Canada. Le mode émergent est celui qui envisage sept pouvoirs : le pouvoir des équipes, le pouvoir des relations, le pouvoir du processus, le pouvoir de l'enquête et de la réflexion, le pouvoir de la collaboration, le pouvoir de la modélisation et le pouvoir du récit. Ces pouvoirs semblent sous-tendre une grande partie de ce qui a été écrit sur la manière dont l'enquête collaborative est devenue une force puissante pour le développement du leadership en Alberta, et plus récemment dans l'État de Nouvelle-Galles du Sud en Australie. Mots clés : enquête collaborative, leadership scolaire, structures habilitantes
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021): Fall: Theme Issue
Collaborative Inquiry and School Leadership Growth: An Australian Adaptation of an Albertan Approach
Creators: name: Boyd, William Edgar
name: Hayden, Martin
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: This article introduces an Australian adaptation of an approach to supporting school leadership and improvement pioneered by educationalists David Townsend and Pam Adams, from Alberta, Canada. Referred to as the North Coast Initiative for School Improvement, the adaptation involved school leaders, academics, and government officials who combined to implement the twin processes of collaborative inquiry and generative dialogue at about sixty primary and secondary schools across the North Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. The initiative appears from all reports to have been both well received and highly impactful, including in terms of improved student performance. This issue of the AJER offers an exploration from an Australian perspective of the principles underpinning the two processes. It also presents case studies from an Australian setting of the impact of these processes on school leadership and improvement. Key words: collaborative inquiry, generative dialogue, North Coast Initiative for School Improvement, school leadership, school improvement Cet article présente l'adaptation australienne d'une approche de soutien à la direction et à l'amélioration des écoles mise au point par les pédagogues David Townsend et Pam Adams de l'Alberta, au Canada. Connue sous le nom de North Coast Initiative for School Improvement, cette adaptation a impliqué des leaders scolaires, des universitaires et des représentants du gouvernement qui se sont associés pour mettre en œuvre les processus jumeaux d'enquête collaborative et de dialogue génératif dans une soixantaine d'écoles primaires et secondaires de la région de la côte nord de la Nouvelle-Galles du Sud, en Australie. D'après tous les rapports, l'initiative semble avoir été à la fois bien accueillie et très efficace, notamment en termes d'amélioration des résultats des élèves. Ce numéro de l'AJER propose une exploration d'un point de vue australien des principes qui sous-tendent les deux processus. Il présente également des études de cas d'un contexte australien de l'impact de ces processus sur la direction et l'amélioration des écoles. Mots clés : enquête collaborative, dialogue génératif, leadership scolaire, amélioration des écoles, North Coast Initiative for School Improvement
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 3 (2021): Fall: Theme Issue
What are Parents’ Perceptions of the Nature of Their Participation at the High School Level?
Creators: name: Lal, Rita
name: Adams, Pamela
name: Mombourquette, Carmen
Publisher: name: Alberta Journal of Educational Research
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this study was to gain insight from parents and guardians about their experiences of involvement in the education of their high school aged children. Data were gathered using interviews for nine randomly selected participants from an urban high school in Alberta, Canada. Thematic analysis identified the types of activities parents perceived to constitute participation, barriers encountered, and potential school structures to enhance future involvement. Findings revealed that parents considered volunteering, attending activities, academic support, school council, and providing feedback as valued types of participation. Barriers were classified as child-based challenges, school-based challenges, and parent-based limitations. Key words: secondary education, parent engagement, parent participation, educational administration, school leadership L'objectif de cette étude était d'obtenir des informations de la part des parents et des tuteurs sur leurs expériences de participation à l'éducation de leurs enfants en âge de fréquenter l'école secondaire. Les données ont été recueillies au moyen d'entretiens avec neuf participants choisis au hasard dans une école secondaire en milieu urbain en Alberta, au Canada. L'analyse thématique a permis d'identifier les types d'activités que les parents considèrent comme constituant une participation, les obstacles rencontrés et les structures scolaires potentielles pour améliorer la participation à l’avenir. Les résultats ont révélé que les parents considéraient le bénévolat, la participation aux activités, le soutien scolaire, le conseil d'école et le fait de fournir des commentaires comme des types de participation appréciés. Les obstacles ont été classés comme des défis liés à l'enfant, des défis liés à l'école et des limites liées aux parents. Mots-clés: enseignement secondaire, engagement des parents, participation des parents, administration de l'éducation, direction des écoles
description: Alberta Journal of Educational Research, Vol. 67 No. 2 (2021): Summer
Sympycnus Negrobov & Grichanov & Selivanova 2017
Creators: name: Negrobov, Oleg P.
name: Grichanov, Igor Ya.
name: Selivanova, Olga V.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Dolichopodidae
Sympycnus

description: Genus Sympycnus Loew, 1857
 Type-species: Porphyrops annulipes Meigen, 1824 [= Sympycnus pulicarius (Fallén, 1823)] (designation by Coquillett 1910).
 Diagnosis. There are no known synapomorphies characterising Sympycnus as a whole. As such, the genus is recognized by the absence of characters which define the other sympycnine genera (Grichanov & Brooks 2017, in press). The Palaearctic species are usually small, bearing the following combination of characters (Grichanov et al. 2011): antennal scape bare; distal inner margin of pedicel straight; acrostichals distinct, even though sometimes small; usually six, rarely 5 pairs of strong dorsocentral bristles; metepimeron without hairs; mesonotum without black or brown lateral spots; segments of fore tarsus usually simple or shortened, rarely ornamented with remarkable hairs; hind tarsus with tarsomeres 1 and 2 not shortened; male hind basitarsus rarely ornamented with remarkable setae or hairs; male hind tarsomere 2 never having worm-like process; male hind tarsomere 3 usually shorter than tarsomere 2, often bearing one or more modified setae; tarsomere 4 often longer and thinner than tarsomere 3, sometimes polished; male surstyli usually reduced and fused with each other, being also fused at base with epandrium; epandrial lobe usually broad, projected; female face usually narrow with clypeus rarely bulging (e.g. S. simplicipes Becker, 1908).
description: Published as part of Negrobov, Oleg P., Grichanov, Igor Ya. & Selivanova, Olga V., 2017, Review of East Palaearctic species of Sympycnus Loew, 1857, with a key to species, pp. 531-548 in Zootaxa 4277 (4) on page 532, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4277.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/814621
Mini review of Poincaré invariant quantum theory
Creators: name: Polyzou, W. N.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Glöckle, W.
name: Golak, J.
name: Huang, Y.
name: Kamada, H.
name: Skibiński, R.
name: Witała, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review the construction and applications of exactly Poincaré invariant quantum mechanical models of few-degree of freedom systems. We discuss the construction of dynamical representations of the Poincaré group on few-particle Hilbert spaces, the relation to quantum field theory, the formulation of cluster properties, and practical considerations related to the construction of realistic interactions and the solution of the dynamical equations. Selected applications illustrate the utility of this approach.
description: Contribution to "Relativistic Description of Two- and Three-Body Systems in Nuclear Physics", ECT*, October 19-23 2009, 19 pages, 6 figures
ANALYSIS  OF  IRRIGATION  SYSTEMS  USING COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE  INDICATORS: A CASE  STUDY OF TWO  LARGE  SCALE IRRIGATION SYSTEMS IN THE UPPER AWASH RIVER BASIN
Creators: name: Beshi, Abdu
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2005

description: With  the  many  variables  that  influence  performance  of  irrigated  agriculture,
including  infrastructure  design,  management,  climatic  conditions,  price  and
availability  of  inputs,  ·  and  socioeconomic  settings,  the  task  of  comparing
performance  across  systems  is  formidable.  However,  if  we  focus  on
commonalties  of  irrigated  agriculture-water,  land,  finances,  and  crop
production-it  should  be  possible  to  see,  in  a  gross  sense,  how  irrigated
agriculture  is  performing  within  various  settings.
This  research  was  conducted  to  introduce  the  concept  of  evaluating_  the
countries  large  scale  irrigation  systems  and  using  the  IWMl's  minimum  set  of
indicators  for  the  same  purpose.  This  was  done  by  selecting  two  irrigation
systems  in  the  Upper Awash  Basin .  NuraEra  state  and  Wonji  estate  farm  were
selected  for  their  relatively  better  organization  and  management,  nearness  to
weather  station  and  their  representative  nature  of  the  large  scale  irrigation
systems  in  the  country.
The  necessary  primary  and  secondary
Specifying Data Bases Management Systems by Using RM-ODP Engineering Language
Creators: name: Laassiri, Jalal
name: Elhajji, Said
name: Bouhdadi, Mohamed
name: Orhanou, Ghizlane
name: Balouki, Youssef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distributed systems can be very large and complex. The various considerations that influence their design can result in a substantial specification, which requires a structured framework that has to be managed successfully. The purpose of the RMODP is to define such a framework. The Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) provides a framework within which support of distribution, inter-working and portability can be integrated. It defines: an object model, architectural concepts and architecture for the development of ODP systems in terms of five viewpoints. Which include an information viewpoint. Since the usage of Data bases management systems (DBMS) in complex networks is increasing considerably, we are interested, in our work, in giving DBMS specifications through the use of the three schemas (static, dynamic, invariant). The present paper is organized as follows. After a literature review, we will describe then the subset of concepts considered in this work named the database management system (DBMS) object model. In the third section, we will be interested in the engineering language and DMBS structure by describing essentially DBMS objects. Finally, we will present DBMS engineering specifications and makes the connection between models and their instances. This introduces the basic form of the semantic approach we have described here.
description: Available online at http://ijcsi.org
A remark on the Primakoff effect
Creators: name: Fäldt, Göran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The coherent-nuclear reaction a + A -> a* + A is in the small-angle region dominated by the one-photon-exchange mechanism, often referred to as the Primakoff effect. In this region information about the electromagnetic decay a* -> a + gamma can be obtained. Well-known examples are the two-photon decays of the pi- and eta-mesons. Also decays of charged hadrons can be studied. For charged hadrons the one-photon-exchange amplitude comes with a Coulomb-phase factor and a Coulomb-form factor, which depend on the ratio between transverse- and logitudinal-momentum transfers, the latter being fixed. At the peak of the cross-section distribution, where the two momentum transfers are equal, the form factor could cut down the cross-section value by as much as 40 %. Consequently, a determination of a radiative-decay rate that relies on the peak value becomes sensitive to a proper treatment of the Coulomb-form factor.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
RHEOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MODIFIED BITUMEN WITH PORTLAND CEMENT AND WASTE ANIMAL BONE
Creators: name: GIRMAYE GAREDEW G/YES
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Developed countries have adopted the use of modifiers for assessment of asphalt binder in long term performance. Asphalt contributes 90% to 95% in cost estimation of flexible pavement compared to all other major material components. To date Ethiopia is one of a country without any fossils fuel source for production of asphalt. Most of the flexible pavements in Ethiopia are observed to be multiple distress such as ravelling in dry or summer season due to excessive oxidation coupled with premature hairline cracking, alligator cracking during rainy season followed by stripping leading to potholes resulting in slow movements of heavy axle load vehicles hugely damaging the base course. In this research the analysis of the effect of modifiers on the rheological characteristics were carried out and also fatigue resistance with the main aim of preventing rutting in asphalt pavement due to different temperature was considered.
Comparative Analysis of GAN-Based Anomaly Detection Techniques for 5G Networks
Creators: name: Onyeka, Henry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Presented at the “NAIRR Pilot Inaugural Annual Meeting” (NSF Award #2452148), Arlington, VA, USA, February 19-21, 2025. https://zenodo.org/communities/nairr2025
title: Ð Ð°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Ð² ÑÐµÐ³Ð¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð½Ð´ÑÑÑÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¼Ð¾Ð´Ñ
title: Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° Ð¼Ð°Ð³Ð¸ÑÑÑÐ°
titleType: Subtitle
title: Brand development in the fashion industry segment
Creators: name: ÐÑÐ»Ð°Ð³Ð¸Ð½Ð°, ÐÐ»ÐµÐºÑÐ°Ð½Ð´ÑÐ°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2019
Subjects: Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´
Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ
ÑÐ¾ÑÐ³Ð¾Ð²Ð»Ñ
Ð°ÑÐ´Ð¸Ñ
Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹
ÑÑÑÐ°ÑÐµÐ³Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑ
brand
branding
trade
audit
perception of consumers
development strategy
efficiency

description: ÐÐ±ÑÐµÐºÑÐ¾Ð¼ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´ Â«CalzedoniaÂ».
Ð¦ÐµÐ»ÑÑ Ð²ÑÐ¿ÑÑÐºÐ½Ð¾Ð¹ ÐºÐ²Ð°Ð»Ð¸ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¾Ð½Ð½Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ²Ð»ÑÐµÑÑÑ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐºÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð¸ Ð°ÑÐ´Ð¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Â«CalzedoniaÂ» Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð½ÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÑÐµÑÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐµ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°.
Ð ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐµ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐºÐµÑÐ¸Ð½Ð³Ð¾Ð²ÑÐ¹ Ð°Ð½Ð°Ð»Ð¸Ð· Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Â«CalzedoniaÂ» Ð¸ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ðµ Ð¸ Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Â«CalzedoniaÂ».
ÐÑÐ»Ð¸ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ñ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Â«CalzedoniaÂ».
Ð¡ÑÐ¾ÑÐ¼Ð¸ÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ð½ ÐºÐ¾Ð¼Ð¿Ð»ÐµÐºÑ Ð¸Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð², Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð½ÑÑ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·Ð²Ð¸ÑÐ¸Ðµ Ð±ÑÐµÐ½Ð´Ð° Â«CalzedoniaÂ».
ÐÐ° Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ðµ ÑÐºÐ¾Ð½Ð¾Ð¼Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ð¾ÐºÐ°Ð·Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹ Ð¿ÑÐ¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ð° Ð¾ÑÐµÐ½ÐºÐ° ÑÑÑÐµÐºÑÐ¸Ð²Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´ÑÐµÐ¼ÑÑ Ð¼ÐµÑÐ¾Ð¿ÑÐ¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹.
description: The object of study is brand Calzedonia.
The goal of the final qualification work is the marketing analysis and audit of the Calzedonia brand to decide on the development of rec-ommendations for brand development.
In the work, a marketing analysis of the Calzedonia brand and a study and assessment of the perception of consumers of the Calzedonia brand were made.
Recommendations were developed on the development of the Calzedonia brand.
A set of tools has been formed aimed at developing the Calzedonia brand.Based on economic indicators, the effectiveness of the recommended measures is evaluated.
Superconducting Behavior of Interfaces in Graphite: Transport Measurements of Micro-constrictions
Creators: name: Dusari, S.
name: Esquinazi, J. Barzola-Quiquia And P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the magnetoresistance (MR) of thin highly oriented pyrolytic graphite mesoscopic samples without and with micro-constrictions of different widths between the voltage electrodes. The MR for fields parallel to the c-axis shows an anomalous hysteresis loop compatible with the behavior expected for granular superconductors. The smaller the constriction width the larger is the anomalous hysteresis and the higher the temperature for its observation. Our results support the existence of granular superconductivity probably embedded at interfaces between crystalline graphite regions.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, ICSM2010 to be published in Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism
EPS Confidentiality and Integrity mechanisms Algorithmic Approach
Creators: name: Orhanou, Ghizlane
name: Hajji, Said El
name: Bentaleb, Youssef
name: Laassiri, Jalal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Long Term Evolution of UMTS is one of the latest steps in an advancing series of mobile telecommunications systems. Many articles have already been published on the LTE subject but these publications have viewed the subject from particular perspectives. In the present paper, a different approach has been taken. We are interested in the security features and the cryptographic algorithms used to ensure confidentiality and integrity of the transmitted data. A closer look is taken to the two EPS confidentiality and integrity algorithms based on the block cipher algorithm AES: the confidentiality algorithm EEA2 and the integrity algorithm EIA2. Furthermore, we focused on the implementation of both algorithms in C language in respect to the specifications requirements. We have tested our implementations according to the testsets given by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) implementation document. Some examples of the implementation tests are presented bellow.
description: Available online at http://ijcsi.org
EVALUATING THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON SURFACE WATER RESOURCES FOR ESTIMATING CROP WATER DEMAND:  A CASE STUDY OF BIRR WATERSHED, ETHIOPIA
Creators: name: ALEMU ADEME BEKELE
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Ethiopia is one of the most susceptible countries to the impact of climate change due to
dependency on rain-fed agriculture. This study focuses on the evaluating of climate
change impact on surface water resources for estimating crop water demand in Birr
watershed, Abay Basin, Ethiopia. CORDEX-Africa data output of Hadley Global
Environment Model 2- Earth System (HadGEM2-ES) for Birr catchment was selected
under representative concentration pathways (RCP2.6, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5) scenarios
for making future climate projections. Initially, data quality checked and consistency
for observed data was performed. In addition, the percent bias (PBIAS), coefficient of
variation (CV), and absolute mean square error (AME) was used to evaluate the
systematic error of rainfall and the relationship of observed and future model output.
The assessment of trends in climate variables was carried out using Mann-Kendall’s
tests and Sen’s slope estimators. The result of Mann-Kendall’s test indicated that,
observed annual rainfall shows decreasing trend while the average temperature shows
an increasing trend. Also, it was found that in the future all RCPs except RCP4.5 at
Debecha station show decreasing trend, but, the average temperature will be expected
to increase in both time periods. The result of CROPWAT show that crop water and
irrigation water requirement for Maize will expect to increase throughout the growing
periods especially, crop water demand for maize will strongly increase during
development stage. Further, HBV model was calibrated (R
2
=0.79) and validated
2
(R
=0.76) which is a good representation of the catchment. The result of the projected
steramflow indicates that, in the future the minimum flow under RCP8.5 and RCP4.5
scenarios statically decrease and a significant down-ward change-point might be
occurred in the years of 2055 and 2035, respectively. Similarly, for 1-day and 7-day
maximum flow under RCP8.5 and 90-day flow under RCP4.5 will be expected to
decrease significantly and a significant change-point will occur at 2060s and 2030s,
respectively. Conversely, under RCP2.6, the minimum as well as maximum flow will
decrease insignificantly and a significant change-point might not be occurring in the
coming six decades.