cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Da Totalidade Ao Infinito - Quanto Às Possibilidades De Superação Das Limitações Éticas Da Cultura Ocidental Contemporânea: Um Estudo À Luz Do Pensamento De Emmanuel Lévinas
Creators: name: BEZERRA, Herlon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: Ética, Cultura, Diferença, Emmanuel Lévinas

description: Este trabalho apresenta dois contextos significadores últimos: (1) por um lado, deve o mesmo ser entendido como participante dos jogos argumentativos praticados na tradição hermenêutica do pensamento filosófico, particularmente naquele espaço teorético que reúne Fenomenologia, Pensamento Existencial e as Filosofias da Vida; (2) por outro lado, este exercício compartilha das preocupações morais que marcam a humanidade nos últimos séculos, em especial àquelas que dizem respeito à possibilidade e necessidade de significação ético-filosófica do multiculturalismo, tenso e caótico, que marca as urbanizadas sociedades contemporâneas, visando produzir condições culturais globais capazes de possibilitar a convivência pacífica entre as inúmeras diferenças em choque cotidiano. Nesse sentido, o mesmo encontra suas direções investigativas nas seguintes pressuposições: embora seja a Ética uma particularidade cultural grega, foi mesma “imposta” às mais diversas culturas “incorporadas” pelo violento processo global de expansão e domínio em que se possibilitou, estabeleceu e desenvolveu a Civilização Ocidental. Os efeitos das evidentes contradições morais de tal processo impõem severas limitações éticas à Cultura Ocidental Contemporânea, uma vez que, em resposta a tais contradições, dissemina-se o relativismo como único critério universal de julgamento ético das condutas, quer de indivíduos quer de coletividades humanas. À luz do pensamento ético de Emmanuel Lévinas, propõe-se neste trabalho que a possibilidade de superação ética de tal condição cultural reside numa difícil escolha a ser hoje realizada pela consciência filosófica: de um lado, a reposição do universalismo, fictício e violento, possibilitado na tendência intelectualista do logos grego e as abstrações de suas Luzes; de outro, a assunção das exigências advindas da imediaticidade concreta da Sensibilidade e da Proximidade, única fonte para uma universalidade humanamente significativa, já que pré-originária do próprio humano e, assim, anterior a toda possível cultura.
description: {"references": ["BEZERRA, Herlon A. Da Totalidade ao Infinito - Quanto \u00e0s possibilidades de supera\u00e7\u00e3o das limita\u00e7\u00f5es \u00e9ticas da Cultura Ocidental Contempor\u00e2nea: um estudo \u00e0 luz do pensamento de Emmanuel L\u00e9vinas. Universidade Federal do Cear\u00e1. Programa de P\u00f3s-gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Filosofia. Fortaleza: 2006.(Disserta\u00e7\u00e3o)"]}
Rhetorical Structure of Education Research Article Methods Sections
Creators: name: Baoya Zhang
name: Anchalee Wannaruk
Publisher: name: สถาบันภาษา จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2016
Subjects: education research articles,methods section,move analysis,rhetorical structure

description: PASAA : a journal of language teaching and learning, 51,
Anatomical Variant of a Duplicated Retroaortic Left renal vein: Clinical manifestation, Radiographic features and management
Creators: name: Rubin, Rhea
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Congenital

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: male, 33 years
description: Clinical History: A 33-year-old male with a history of chronic alcohol use presented to the emergency department after he was involved in a motor vehicle accident. The patient presented with altered mental status and subsequently received a total body CT as per trauma prot... Final Diagnosis: Duplicated Retroaortic left renal vein
Nest boxes do not cause a shift in bat community composition in an urbanised landscape
Creators: name: Griffiths, Stephen
name: Lumsden, LF
name: Robert, Kylie
name: Lentini, PE
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3103
subject: Ecology
classificationCode: 41
subject: Environmental sciences
classificationCode: 4101
subject: Climate change impacts and adaptation

description: Nest boxes are often used to provide supplementary roosts for cavity-dependent wildlife, but little is known about if they influence faunal community composition. Long-term monitoring of bat boxes in south-eastern Australia indicated that their use was dominated by one generalist species (Chalinolobus gouldii), causing concern that installing bat boxes could cause a shift toward less diverse bat communities. To test this, we conducted a large-scale before-after control-impact experiment at 18 sites, over five years. Sites were either: (1) those with existing bat boxes, (2) those where boxes were added during the study, or (3) controls without boxes. We used echolocation call data from 9035 bat detector nights to compare community composition, diversity, and species’ relative activity between the sites. Chalinolobus gouldii continued to dominate the use of existing boxes, but we found little difference in community composition between sites based on the presence, absence, or addition of boxes. Our study is the first to explore the influence installing artificial hollows has on localized faunal assemblages over spatio-temporal scales relevant to management. We conclude that there is cause for optimism that bat boxes might not have perverse outcomes on local community composition in the short- to medium-term, as we had feared.
Homology-based enzymatic DNA fragment assembly-based illumina sequencing library preparation
Creators: name: Shinozuka, H
name: Sudheesh, Shimna
name: Shinozuka, M
name: Cogan, Noel
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 31
subject: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
classificationCode: 3102
subject: Bioinformatics and computational biology
classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics

description: The current Illumina HiSeq and MiSeq platforms can generate paired-end reads of up to 2 x 250 bp and 2 x 300 bp in length, respectively. These read lengths may be substantially longer than genomic regions of interest when a DNA sequencing library is prepared through a target enrichment-based approach. A sequencing library preparation method has been developed based on the homology-based enzymatic DNA fragment assembly scheme to allow processing of multiple PCR products within a single read. Target sequences were amplified using locus-specific PCR primers with 8 bp tags, and using the tags, homology-based enzymatic DNA assembly was performed with DNA polymerase, T7 exonuclease and T4 DNA ligase. Short PCR amplicons can hence be assembled into a single molecule, along with sequencing adapters specific to the Illumina platforms. As a proof-of-concept experiment, short PCR amplicons (57-66 bp in length) derived from genomic DNA templates of field pea and containing variable nucleotide locations were assembled and sequenced on the MiSeq platform. The results were validated with other genotyping methods. When 5 PCR amplicons were assembled, 4.3 targeted sequences (single-nucleotide polymorphisms) on average were successfully identified within each read. The utility of this for sequencing of short fragments has consequently been demonstrated.
Priming of soil organic carbon induced by sugarcane residues and its biochar control the source of nitrogen for plant uptake: A dual 13C and 15N isotope three-source-partitioning study
Creators: name: Weng, Zhe
name: Liu, X
name: Eldridge, S
name: Wang, H
name: Rose, T
name: Rose, M
name: Rust, J
name: Singh, BP
name: Tavakkoli, E
name: Tang, Caixian
name: Ou, H
name: Van Zwieten, L
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020. This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Phenology and related traits for wheat adaptation
Creators: name: J Hyles
name: Bloomfield, Maxwell
name: Hunt, James
name: RM Trethowan
name: B Trevaskis
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020, The Author(s). Wheat is a major food crop, with around 765 million tonnes produced globally. The largest wheat producers include the European Union, China, India, Russia, United States, Canada, Pakistan, Australia, Ukraine and Argentina. Cultivation of wheat across such diverse global environments with variation in climate, biotic and abiotic stresses, requires cultivars adapted to a range of growing conditions. One intrinsic way that wheat achieves adaptation is through variation in phenology (seasonal timing of the lifecycle) and related traits (e.g., those affecting plant architecture). It is important to understand the genes that underlie this variation, and how they interact with each other, other traits and the growing environment. This review summarises the current understanding of phenology and developmental traits that adapt wheat to different environments. Examples are provided to illustrate how different combinations of alleles can facilitate breeding of wheat varieties with optimal crop performance for different growing regions or farming systems.
Community participation as identity and belonging: a case study of Arts Project Australia. “I am an artist”
Creators: name: Anderson, Sian
name: Bigby, Christine
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. Despite three decades of policy to promote community participation of people with intellectual disabilities, many remain socially excluded. There is limited evidence about effective strategies to support community participation and programs seldom make the central proposition or the program logic explicit. This study aimed to describe the program logic and outcomes of a program that aimed to support community participation through increasing participants’ sense of identity and belonging to the Arts community. A case study design was used. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews with 5 participants, 6 staff and 5 family members of participants, non-participant observation, review of program documents, and completion of part 1 of the short form Adaptive Behavior Scale. The data were analysed qualitatively using a program logic as the framework. The program created studio space staffed by professional artists who used a hand in glove method to support art practice of people with intellectual disabilities. Individual outcomes for participants were threefold: development of positive identities as working artists; a sense of belonging to an art community, and; connections to a locality and peer friendships. This descriptive case study made explicit the program’s underpinning logic, and the design components that led to outcomes for individual service users. Understanding the logic of effective programs such as this will assist in scaling up and development of similar programs, and help people with intellectual disabilities and their families to assess the programs on offer.
An Analysis of Intercultural Communicative Competence: Hotel Front Office Personnel in Bangkok
Creators: name: Manachai Inkaew
Publisher: name: สถาบันภาษา จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2016
Subjects: intercultural communicative competence,intercultural competence,ICC,ICC assessment,hotel front office personnel

description: PASAA : a journal of language teaching and learning, 51,
In the Right Place at the Right Time: Asian English Accents in a Listening Test for Healthcare Professions
Creators: name: Khwanchanok Suebsook
name: Dumrong Adunyarittigun
Publisher: name: สถาบันภาษา จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2016
Subjects: Asian English accents,listening test for healthcare professions,healthcare professionals

description: PASAA : a journal of language teaching and learning, 51,
A process of decision-making support: Exploring supported decision-making practice in Canada
Creators: name: Browning, M
name: Bigby, Christine
name: Douglas, Jacinta
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Background: Canada was the first country to develop legal mechanisms that allow for supported decision making, and little research has explored how decision making is supported in this context. This research aimed to understand how seven people with intellectual disabilities, living in two Canadian provinces, were supported with their decision making. Method: The research used constructivist grounded theory methodology, interviewing and observing the decision making of seven people with mild to severe intellectual disabilities and 25 decision supporters. Results: A common process of decision-making support was discovered, involving dynamic interaction between the person’s will and preferences and supporters’ responses. This interaction was influenced by five factors: the experiences and attributes the person and their supporter brought to the process; the quality of their relationship; the decision-making environment and the nature and consequences of the decision. Conclusion: The highly individualised and contextually dependent nature of decision-making support has implications for supported decision-making practice.
Conceptualization of Depth of Vocabulary Knowledge with Academic Reading Comprehension
Creators: name: Md. Kamrul Hasan
name: Shabdin, Ahmad Affendi
Publisher: name: สถาบันภาษา จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2016
Subjects: conceptual framework,depth of vocabulary knowledge,paradigmatic relations,syntagmatic relations

description: PASAA : a journal of language teaching and learning, 51,
The genetic origin of evolidine, the first cyclopeptide discovered in plants, and related orbitides
Creators: name: Fisher, Mark F
name: Payne, Colton D
name: Thaveshini Chetty
name: Crayn, Darren M
name: Berkowitz, Oliver
name: Whelan, James
name: K Johan Rosengren
name: Mylne, Joshua S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Inc.. All rights reserved. Cyclic peptides are reported to have antibacterial, antifungal, and other bioactivities. Orbitides are a class of cyclic peptides that are small, head-to-tail cyclized, composed of proteinogenic amino acids and lack disulfide bonds; they are also known in several genera of the plant family Rutaceae. Melicope xanthoxyloides is the Australian rain forest tree of the Rutaceae family in which evolidine, the first plant cyclic peptide, was discovered. Evolidine (cyclo-SFLPVNL) has subsequently been all but forgotten in the academic literature, so to redress this we used tandem MS and de novo transcriptomics to rediscover evolidine and decipher its biosynthetic origin from a short precursor just 48 residues in length. We also identified another six M. xanthoxyloides orbitides using the same techniques. These peptides have atypically diverse C termini consisting of residues not recognized by either of the known proteases plants use to macrocyclize peptides, suggesting new cyclizing enzymes await discovery. We examined the structure of two of the novel orbitides by NMR, finding one had a definable structure, whereas the other did not. Mining RNA-seq and whole genome sequencing data from other species of the Rutaceae family revealed that a large and diverse family of peptides is encoded by similar sequences across the family and demonstrates how powerful de novo transcriptomics can be at accelerating the discovery of new peptide families.
Pushing the boundaries: creativity and constraint in Australian screen production
Creators: name: John, Juliet
name: Joyce, Hester
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.
Screen production is risky business. Significant sums of money are invested in a process that is subject to myriad precarious variables. Effective completion of a screen project is achieved through the instigation and monitoring of strict parameters which bound its creative process. However, filmmaker David Lynch states that ‘any restriction is a sadness and can kill creativity’ (Stratton 2015. David Lynch in Conversation. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGd6lnYTTY8). The tension between flow and constraint in creative practice negotiates a delicate balance between efficiency and futility. At its most productive, limitations can provide a catalyst for innovation, whereas restrictions that are not sympathetic to the project’s creative intention can cause unproductive conflict and power struggles. Examination of this inherent tension deepens our understanding of the screen production process and offers broader insight into the nature of practice in the creative arts. Anecdotal evidence is drawn from interviews with screen practitioners and the author’s own experience working in various Australian film and television productions between 1994 and 2018. Findings are then examined alongside theories of creative work.
A call for leadership and management competency development for directors of medical services—evidence from the chinese public hospital system
Creators: name: Zhanming Liang
name: Howard, Peter
name: J Wang
name: M Xu
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Background: A competent medical leadership and management workforce is key to the effectiveness and efficiency of health service provision and to leading and managing the health system reform agenda in China. However, the traditional recruitment and promotion approach of relying on clinical performance and seniority provides limited incentive for competency development and improvement. Methods: A three-component survey including the use of a validated management competency assessment tool was conducted with Directors of Medical Services (n = 143) and Deputy Directors of Medical Services (n = 152) from three categories of hospital in Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Results: The survey identified the inadequacy of formal and informal management training received by hospital medical leaders before commencing their management positions and confirms that the low self-perceived competency level across two medical management level and three hospitals was beyond acceptable. The study also indicates that the informal and formal education provided to Chinese medical leaders have not been effective in developing the required management competencies. Conclusions: The study suggests two system level approaches (health and higher education systems) and one organization level approach to formulate overall medical leadership and management workforce development strategies to encourages continuous management competency development and self-improvement among clinical leaders in China.
Atomic Force Microscopy Nanomechanicsfor the Detection of Microplastics in Groundwater: Case Study from Shenzhen (Guangdong, China)
Creators: name: Viaroli, Stefano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Microplastic pollution is a severe environmental issue with potential impacts on human health. Despite the worldwide diffusion of plastic debris in the environment, the effective characterization of microplastics (MPs) in groundwater is still under debate. During the seepage processes throughout the aquifers, subsoils have the capacity to block the larger MPs particles, while the finer fragments are difficult to detect with the standard techniques. Here, we propose a new protocol based on multifrequency Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and fluorescence methods, to detect and quantify plastic particles from microscale down to nanoscale according to their nanomechanical properties. The proposed methodology was tested on reconstituted MPs to distinguish potential false-positive detection of MPs in natural samples. Subsequently, our protocol was applied on groundwater samples collected in water wells and springs in Asian megacity (Shenzhen, China). Shenzhen The local aquifer consists of marine to alluvial sequences interdigitated with laterite soils, lying on crystalline bedrock with low hydraulic conductivity. Collected water samples were pretreated to remove mineral fragments and organic matter before the analysis. MPs were detected and characterized in three groundwater samples both using AFM and spectroscopic techniques. This methodology represents an advancement in the mechanical characterization of MPs that can circulate in the aquifers but are difficult to detect via traditional analytical methods, providing also information on the degradation of the detected microplastics.
Making the most of all data: combining non-genotyped and genotyped potato individuals with HBLUP
Creators: name: S Sood
name: Z Lin
name: Caruana, Brittney
name: AT Slater
name: Daetwyler, Hans
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 The Authors. The Plant Genome published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. on behalf of Crop Science Society of America Using genomic information to predict phenotypes can improve the accuracy of estimated breeding values and can potentially increase genetic gain over conventional breeding. In this study, we investigated the prediction accuracies achieved by best linear unbiased prediction (BLUP) for nine potato phenotypic traits using three types of relationship matrices pedigree ABLUP, genomic GBLUP, and a hybrid matrix (H) combining pedigree and genomic information (HBLUP). Deep pedigree information was available for >3000 different potato breeding clones evaluated over four years. Genomic relationships were estimated from >180,000 informative SNPs generated using a genotyping-by-sequencing transcriptome (GBS-t) protocol for 168 cultivars, many of which were parents of clones. Two validation scenarios were implemented, namely “Genotyped Cultivars Validation” (a subset of genotyped lines as validation set) and “Non-genotyped 2009 Progenies Validation”. Most of the traits showed moderate to high narrow sense heritabilities (range 0.22–0.72). In the Genotyped Cultivars Validation, HBLUP outperformed ABLUP on prediction accuracies for all traits except early blight, and outperformed GBLUP for most of the traits except tuber shape, tuber eye depth and boil after-cooking darkening. This is evidence that the in-depth relationship within the H matrix could potentially result in better prediction accuracy in comparison to using A or G matrix individually. The prediction accuracies of the Non-genotyped 2009 Progenies Validation were comparable between ABLUP and HBLUP, varying from 0.17–0.70 and 0.18–0.69, respectively. Better prediction accuracy and less bias in prediction using HBLUP is of practical utility to breeders as all breeding material is ranked on the same scale leading to improved selection decisions. In addition, our approach provides an economical alternative to utilize historic breeding data with current genotyped individuals in implementing genomic selection.
Effects of sleep deprivation on birdsong performance in adult Australian magpies
Creators: name: Mussoi, J Gaviraghi
name: Johnsson, Robin
name: Connelly, F
name: Lesku, John
name: Cain, KE
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: No description supplied
Multi-species comparison of restfulness in drosophila - keep your eye on the flies
Creators: name: Omond, Shauni
name: Lesku, John
name: Kellermann, Vanessa
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: 32
subject: Biomedical and clinical sciences
classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: No description supplied
The Child and Parent Emotion Study: Protocol for a longitudinal study of parent emotion socialisation and child socioemotional development
Creators: name: Westrupp, Elizabeth
name: JA MacDonald
name: Bennett, Clair
name: S Havighurst
name: CE Kehoe
name: D Foley
name: TS Berkowitz
name: GL King
name: GJ Youssef
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © Introduction Parents shape child emotional competence and mental health via their beliefs about children's emotions, emotion-related parenting, the emotional climate of the family and by modelling emotion regulation skills. However, much of the research evidence to date has been based on small samples with mothers of primary school-Aged children. Further research is needed to elucidate the direction and timing of associations for mothers and fathers/partners across different stages of child development. The Child and Parent Emotion Study (CAPES) aims to examine longitudinal associations between parent emotion socialisation, child emotion regulation and socioemotional adjustment at four time points from pregnancy to age 12 years. CAPES will investigate the moderating role of parent gender, child temperament and gender, and family background. Methods and analysis CAPES recruited 2063 current parents from six English-speaking countries of a child 0-9 years and 273 prospective parents (ie, women/their partners pregnant with their first child) in 2018-2019. Participants will complete a 20-30 min online survey at four time points 12 months apart, to be completed in December 2022. Measures include validated parent-report tools assessing parent emotion socialisation (ie, parent beliefs, the family emotional climate, supportive parenting and parent emotion regulation) and age-sensitive measures of child outcomes (ie, emotion regulation and socioemotional adjustment). Analyses will use mixed-effects regression to simultaneously assess associations over three time-point transitions (ie, T1 to T2; T2 to T3; T3 to T4), with exposure variables lagged to estimate how past factors predict outcomes 12 months later. Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval was granted by the Deakin University Human Research Ethics Committee and the Deakin University Faculty of Health Human Research Ethics Committee. We will disseminate results through conferences and open access publications. We will invite parent end users to co-develop our dissemination strategy, and discuss the interpretation of key findings prior to publication. Trial registeration Protocol pre-registration: DOI 10.17605/OSF.IO/NGWUY.
Idea Sharing : Do Students Learn Better Through a More Entertaining Way? The Case of Taiwan EFL Students
Creators: name: Lin, Chin Min
name: Wu, Chita
Publisher: name: สถาบันภาษา จุฬาลงกรณ์มหาวิทยาลัย
Year: 2016
Subjects: video learning,learning methods,vocabulary,learning strategies

description: PASAA : a journal of language teaching and learning, 51,
Can target effects or discomfort ratings discriminate between small-arms weapon configurations?
Creators: name: Coleman, Jemma
name: Morelli, Frank
name: McClelland, Jodie
name: Middleton, Kane
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences
classificationCode: 4201
subject: Allied health and rehabilitation science
classificationCode: 4207
subject: Sports science and exercise
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology

description: No description supplied.
Growth in U.S. Soybean Processing Capacity
Creators: name: Kromer, George W.
name: Kromer, George W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
International Relations/Trade
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: U. S. soybean processing capacity has about doubled during the past 15 years, increasing from 310 million bushels in 1951 to about 600 million in 1965. However, the rate of expansion has slowed considerably in recent years. Meanwhile, the number of mills processing soybeans dropped from 193 to 124 and the average mill size increased. Since 1958, however, the number of mills has leveled off, varying between 121 and 128 annually. Processing capacity has exceeded actual crushings by about 20 percent despite the sharp uptrend in soybean production and the reduction in mills.
description: Reprinted from the Fats and Oils Situation, FOS-230, November 1965, by the Economic and Statistical Analysis Division, Economic Research Service
Can target effects or discomfort ratings discriminate between small-arms weapon configurations?
Creators: name: Coleman, Jemma L
name: Morelli, Frank
name: McClelland, Jodie
name: Middleton, Kane J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Defence acquisitions use accuracy measures as a discriminating factor in weapon purchases, but assessments are generally completed in static, supported postures at static targets with few differences being seen between configurations. The aim of this study was to investigate whether an assessment requiring repositioning between shots could reveal differences. Participants shot at a static target under four conditions: an unweighted rifle and the addition of a mass fixed at three different positions. Accuracy and timing as well as discomfort measures were captured and compared. Hit percentage, consistency and timing varied over time, and timing increased with the addition of mass in two out of the three conditions. There was an increase in discomfort with the addition of mass further from the participant. The results showed that relying on accuracy and consistency measures alone to make acquisition decisions could have the consequence of purchasing equipment not fit for the human.Practitioner summary: This research shows that relying on accuracy and consistency measures alone to make weapon-system acquisition decisions could have the consequence of purchasing equipment not fit for the user. Further research should focus on 'upstream' issues such as muscle fatigue and aim point stability in order to better understand human-weapon-system interactions.
Trends in the psychosocial characteristics of 11–15-year-olds who still drink, smoke, take drugs and engage in poly-substance use in England
Creators: name: M Oldham
name: Livingston, Michael
name: V Whitaker
name: Callinan, Sarah
name: H Fairbrother
name: P Curtis
name: P Meier
name: J Holmes
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Introduction and Aims: Youth substance use is declining in many high-income countries. As adolescent substance use becomes less common, it may concentrate in higher-risk groups. This paper aims to examine how the psychosocial characteristics of young substance users in England have changed over time. Design and Methods: Annual cross-sectional data from the 2001–2014 Smoking, Drinking and Drug Use Among Young People in England survey are analysed (n = 112 792, age: 11–15). Logistic and Poisson regression analyses are used to test whether the sex, socioeconomic status (SES) and prevalence of truancy and exclusion from school of those who drink alcohol, smoke cigarettes, take cannabis, take other drugs and engage in poly-substance use changed across the study period. Results: Use of all substances decreased and there were shifts in the psychosocial characteristics of young smokers, illicit drug users and poly-substance users. The proportion of current smokers and ever-users of cannabis of low SES and who had been excluded increased significantly between 2001/2003–2014. The proportion of last month drug users who had been excluded from school also increased significantly and there were increases in the proportion of polysubstance-users who had truanted and been excluded. The proportion of low SES alcohol users who had been excluded also increased significantly, but this change was very small. There was no evidence of substance use becoming more or less concentrated in one gender. Discussion and Conclusions: There is some evidence that smoking, illicit drug use and poly-substance use are becoming more concentrated in potentially at risk populations. There is limited evidence of concentration amongst young drinkers.
title: An Arrayed Hot-Film Sensor for Detection of Laminar Boundary-Layer Flow Disturbance Spatial Characteristics
Creators: name: Wusk, Michael S.
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04zjtrb98
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 1988

description: An arrayed hot-film sensor has been developed for use in laminar boundary-layer research for the detection of crossflow or Gortler vortices. This sensor has been developed to detect spatial variations in heat transfer and velocity perturbations which are characteristic of crossflow or Gortler vortices. The sensor is ultimately intended for flight research applications. This thesis describes the sensor, its principles of operation, signal analysis techniques, and experimental results illustrating the spatial detection capabilities of this specialized hot-film device. Discretely placed spheres placed in the boundary layer created alternating regions of undisturbed and disturbed laminar flow over a prototype sensor. Flow visualization results were correlated with the sensor output to demonstrate the ability of the sensor to determine the spatial boundaries of localized disturbances in laminar flow. This work represents the initial steps toward the validation and calibration of an arrayed hot-film sensor for the detection of crossflow or Gortler vorticity wavelength and/or wave frequency.
Time-restricted eating as a nutrition strategy for individuals with type 2 diabetes: A feasibility study
Creators: name: EB Parr
name: Devlin, Brooke
name: KHC Lim
name: LNZ Moresi
name: C Geils
name: Brennan, Leah
name: JA Hawley
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2D) require a long-term dietary strategy for blood glucose management and may benefit from time-restricted eating (TRE, where the duration between the first and last energy intake is restricted to 8–10 h/day). We aimed to determine the feasibility of TRE for individuals with T2D. Participants with T2D (HbA1c >6.5 to <9%, eating window >12 h/day) were recruited to a pre-post, non-randomised intervention consisting of a 2-week Habitual period to establish baseline dietary intake, followed by a 4-weeks TRE intervention during which they were instructed to limit all eating occasions to between 10:00 and 19:00 h on as many days of each week as possible. Recruitment, retention, acceptability, and safety were recorded throughout the study as indicators of feasibility. Dietary intake, glycaemic control, psychological well-being, acceptability, cognitive outcomes, and physiological measures were explored as secondary outcomes. From 594 interested persons, and 27 eligible individuals, 24 participants enrolled and 19 participants (mean ± SD; age: 50 ± 9 years, BMI: 34 ± 5 kg/m2, HbA1c: 7.6 ± 1.1%) completed the 6-week study. Overall daily dietary intake did not change between Habitual (~8400 kJ/d; 35% carbohydrate, 20% protein, 41% fat, 1% alcohol) and TRE periods (~8500 kJ/d; 35% carbohydrate, 19% protein, 42% fat, 1% alcohol). Compliance to the 9 h TRE period was 72 ± 24% of 28 days (i.e., ~5 days/week), with varied adherence (range: 4–100%). Comparisons of adherent vs. non-adherent TRE days showed that adherence to the 9-h TRE window reduced daily energy intake through lower absolute carbohydrate and alcohol intakes. Overall, TRE did not significantly improve measures of glycaemic control (HbA1c −0.2 ± 0.4%; p = 0.053) or reduce body mass. TRE did not impair or improve psychological well-being, with variable effects on cognitive function. Participants described hunger, daily stressors, and emotions as the main barriers to adherence. We demonstrate that 4-weeks of TRE is feasible and achievable for these individuals with T2D to adhere to for at least 5 days/week. The degree of adherence to TRE strongly influenced daily energy intake. Future trials may benefit from supporting participants to incorporate TRE in regular daily life and to overcome barriers to adherence.
‘How can the governance of communities that care interventions be enhanced by understandings of community development?’: a case study in rural Australia
Creators: name: Downey, Heather
name: Threlkeld, Guinever
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This is a pre-copyedited, author-produced version of an article accepted for publication in Community Development Journal following peer review. The version of record: Heather Downey, Guinever Threlkeld, ‘How can the governance of communities that care interventions be enhanced by understandings of community development?’: a case study in rural Australia, Community Development Journal, Volume 56, Issue 3, July 2021, Pages 487–505, is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1093/cdj/bsaa012
The fluorescence toolbox for visualizing autophagy
Creators: name: Ding, Siyang
name: Hong, Yuning
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: https://pubs.rsc.org/en/content/articlelanding/2020/cs/d0cs00913j
Autophagy is an adaptive catabolic process functioning to promote cell survival in the event of inappropriate living conditions such as nutrient shortage and to cope with diverse cytotoxic insults. It is regarded as one of the key survival mechanisms of living organisms. Cells undergo autophagy to accomplish the lysosomal digestion of intracellular materials including damaged proteins, organelles, and foreign bodies, in a bulk, non-selective or a cargo-specific manner. Studies in the past decades have shed light on the association of autophagy pathways with various diseases and also highlighted the therapeutic value of autophagy modulation. Hence, it is crucial to develop effective approaches for monitoring intracellular autophagy dynamics, as a comprehensive account of methodology establishment is far from complete. In this review, we aim to provide an overview of the major current fluorescence-based techniques utilized for visualizing, sensing or measuring autophagic activities in cells or tissues, which are categorized firstly by targets detected and further by the types of fluorescence tools. We will mainly focus on the working mechanisms of these techniques, put emphasis on the insight into their roles in biomedical science and provide perspectives on the challenges and future opportunities in this field.
Mumbod? A comparison of body image and dietary restraint among women with younger, older, and no children
Creators: name: Z Yager
name: I Prichard
name: Hart, Laura
name: Damiano, Stephanie
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © The Author(s) 2020. Pregnancy and the postpartum period are times of significant body, and body image changes for women. Adult women (N = 885) aged 21 to 47 years old completed an online questionnaire. Mothers of young children (0–5 years) had significantly lower levels of body shame, self-objectification, and dietary restraint than women without children, and women with school-aged (6–10 years) children had significantly lower self objectification than women without children, once we controlled for age. BMI predicted body shame more than motherhood status. This research has implications for the development of appropriate body image interventions for adult women.
Proteomic analysis of extracellular vesicles reveals an immunogenic cargo in rheumatoid arthritis synovial fluid
Creators: name: Foers, Andrew D
name: Dagley, Laura F
name: Chatfield, Simon
name: Webb, Andrew I
name: Sim, Lesley
name: Hill, Andrew
name: Wicks, Ian P
name: Pang, Ken C
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Objectives:Extracellular vesicles (EVs) from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) synovial fluid (SF) have been reported to stimulate the release of pro-inflammatory mediators from recipient cells. We recently developed a size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based method for EV isolation capable of high-quality enrichments from human SF. Here, we employed this method to accurately characterise the SF EV proteome and investigate potential contributions to inflammatory pathways in RA. Methods:Using our SEC-based approach, SF EVs were purified from the joints of RA patients classified as having high-level (n = 7) or low-level inflammation (n = 5), and from osteoarthritis (OA) patients (n = 5). Protein profiles were characterised by mass spectrometry. Potential contributions of EV proteins to pathological pathways and differences in protein expression between disease groups were investigated. Results:Synovial fluid EVs were present at higher concentrations in RA joints with high-level inflammation (P-value = 0.004) but were smaller in diameter (P-value = 0.03) than in low-level inflammation. In total, 1058 SF EV proteins were identified by mass spectrometry analysis. Neutrophil and fibroblast markers were overrepresented in all disease groups. Numerous proteins with potential to modulate inflammatory and immunological processes were detected, including nine citrullinated peptides. Forty-five and 135 EV-associated proteins were significantly elevated in RA joints with high-level inflammation than in RA joints with low-level inflammation and OA joints, respectively. Gene ontology analysis revealed significant enrichment for proteins associated with 'neutrophil degranulation' within SF EVs from RA joints with high-level inflammation. Conclusion:Our results provide new information about SF EVs and insight into how EVs might contribute to the perpetuation of RA.
The antidepressant hoax: conspiracy theories decrease health-seeking intentions
Creators: name: Natoli, Eleanor
name: Marques, Mathew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Health-related conspiracy theories can undermine the trustworthiness of actors and institutions and may impact an individual’s intention to seek help. Across three experimental studies, we investigated the consequences of exposure to an antidepressant conspiracy theory on general intentions to seek medical and psychological help. Study 1 participants (N = 299) were randomly allocated to read one of three articles (pro-conspiracy, anti-conspiracy, control) after which they completed measures of conspiracy endorsement, trust, powerlessness, and health-seeking intentions. Results suggested that exposure to antidepressant conspiracy theories significantly reduced individual’s intention to seek help indirectly through decreased trust in health authorities, but not health-industry-related powerlessness. In two additional pre-registered studies, we found some support for these findings. While Study 2 (N = 244) found no support for a direct or indirect relationship between conspiracy exposure and health-seeking intentions, an exploratory analysis highlighted the importance of gender differences when investigating conspiracy exposure on intentions. Study 3 (N = 247) replicated Study 1 findings, highlighting that antidepressant conspiracy theories decrease health-seeking intentions indirectly through decreased trust and increased powerlessness. Mere exposure to antidepressant conspiracy theories had significant indirect consequences on general health-seeking intentions.
The antidepressant hoax: conspiracy theories decrease health-seeking intentions
Creators: name: Natoli, Eleanor
name: Marques, Mathew
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © 2020 The British Psychological Society Health-related conspiracy theories can undermine the trustworthiness of actors and institutions and may impact an individual’s intention to seek help. Across three experimental studies, we investigated the consequences of exposure to an antidepressant conspiracy theory on general intentions to seek medical and psychological help. Study 1 participants (N = 299) were randomly allocated to read one of three articles (pro-conspiracy, anti-conspiracy, control) after which they completed measures of conspiracy endorsement, trust, powerlessness, and health-seeking intentions. Results suggested that exposure to antidepressant conspiracy theories significantly reduced individual’s intention to seek help indirectly through decreased trust in health authorities, but not health-industry-related powerlessness. In two additional pre-registered studies, we found some support for these findings. While Study 2 (N = 244) found no support for a direct or indirect relationship between conspiracy exposure and health-seeking intentions, an exploratory analysis highlighted the importance of gender differences when investigating conspiracy exposure on intentions. Study 3 (N = 247) replicated Study 1 findings, highlighting that antidepressant conspiracy theories decrease health-seeking intentions indirectly through decreased trust and increased powerlessness. Mere exposure to antidepressant conspiracy theories had significant indirect consequences on general health-seeking intentions.
Cell wall modification by the xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase XTH19 influences freezing tolerance after cold and sub-zero acclimation
Creators: name: D Takahashi
name: Johnson, Kim
name: Pengfei Hao
name: T Tuong
name: A Erban
name: A Sampathkumar
name: Bacic, Tony
name: DP Livingston
name: J Kopka
name: T Kuroha
name: R Yokoyama
name: K Nishitani
name: E Zuther
name: DK Hincha
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Freezing triggers extracellular ice formation leading to cell dehydration and deformation during a freeze–thaw cycle. Many plant species increase their freezing tolerance during exposure to low, non-freezing temperatures, a process termed cold acclimation. In addition, exposure to mild freezing temperatures after cold acclimation evokes a further increase in freezing tolerance (sub-zero acclimation). Previous transcriptome and proteome analyses indicate that cell wall remodelling may be particularly important for sub-zero acclimation. In the present study, we used a combination of immunohistochemical, chemical and spectroscopic analyses to characterize the cell walls of Arabidopsis thaliana and characterized a mutant in the XTH19 gene, encoding a xyloglucan endotransglucosylase/hydrolase (XTH). The mutant showed reduced freezing tolerance after both cold and sub-zero acclimation, compared to the Col-0 wild type, which was associated with differences in cell wall composition and structure. Most strikingly, immunohistochemistry in combination with 3D reconstruction of centres of rosette indicated that epitopes of the xyloglucan-specific antibody LM25 were highly abundant in the vasculature of Col-0 plants after sub-zero acclimation but absent in the XTH19 mutant. Taken together, our data shed new light on the potential roles of cell wall remodelling for the increased freezing tolerance observed after low temperature acclimation.