cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Effect of classical inter-voxel processing on ultra-high resolution CT
Creators: name: Moriya, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Bones
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Physics
subject: Cancer
subject: Osteoporosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: UHRCT has the advantage of being able to obtain high spatial resolution, but has the disadvantage of increasing noise. Various noise reduction technologies that maintain spatial resolution have been developed. However, the development of noise...
Exponential Orthogonality Catastrophe in Single-Particle and Many-Body Localized Systems
Creators: name: Deng, Dong-Ling
name: Pixley, J. H.
name: Li, Xiaopeng
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the statistical orthogonality catastrophe (StOC) in single-particle and many-body localized systems by studying the response of the many-body ground state to a local quench. Using scaling arguments and exact numerical calculations, we establish that the StOC gives rise to a wave function overlap between the pre- and post-quench ground states that has an \emph{exponential} decay with the system size, in sharp contrast to the well-known power law Anderson orthogonality catastrophe in metallic systems. This exponential decay arises from a statistical charge transfer process where a particle can be effectively "transported" to an arbitrary lattice site. In a many-body localized phase, this non-local transport and the associated exponential StOC phenomenon persist in the presence of interactions. We study experimental consequences of the exponential StOC on Loschmidt echo and spectral function, establishing that this phenomenon should be observable in cold atomic experiments through Ramsey interference and radio-frequency spectroscopy.
description: 5+5 pages, revised version with new results, figures, and references
Development of an ultra performance LC/MS method to quantify cisplatin 1,2 intrastrand guanine-guanine adducts
Creators: name: Troutman, J. Mitchell
name: DeKrafft, Kathryn E.
name: Mutlu, Esra
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Baskerville-Abraham, Irene M.
name: King, Candice
name: Boysen, Gunnar
name: Lin, Wenbin
name: Collins, Leonard
name: Chaney, Stephen G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Platinum chemotherapeutic agents have been widely used in the treatment of cancer. Cisplatin was the first of the platinum based chemotherapeutic agents and therefore has been extensively studied as an anti-tumor agent since the late 1960s. Because this agent forms several DNA adducts, a highly sensitive and specific quantitative assay is needed to correlate the molecular dose of individual adducts with the effects of treatment. An ultra performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) assay for quantification of 1,2 guanine-guanine intrastrand cisplatin adducts [CP-d(GpG)], using 15N10 CP-d(GpG) as an internal standard, was developed. The internal standard was characterized by MS/MS and its concentration was validated by ICP-MS. Samples containing CP-d(GpG) in DNA were purified by enzyme hydrolysis , centrifugal filtration and HPLC with fraction collection prior to quantification by UPLC-MS/MS in the selective reaction monitoring (SRM) mode (m/z 412.5→248.1 for CP-d(GpG); m/z 417.5→253.1 for [15N10] CP-d(GpG)). Recovery of standards was >90% and quantification was unaffected by increasing concentrations of calf thymus DNA. This method utilizes 25 μg of DNA per injection. The limit of quantification was 3 fmol or 3.7 adducts per 108 nucleotides, which approaches the sensitivity of the 32P postlabeling method for this adduct. These data suggested that this method is suitable for in vitro and in vivo assessment of CP-d(GpG) adducts formed by cisplatin and carboplatin. Subsequently the method was applied to studies using ovarian carcinoma cell lines and C57/BL6 mice to illustrate that this method is capable of quantifying CP-d(GpG) adducts using biologically relevant systems and doses. The development of biomarkers to determine tissue-specific molecular dosimetry during treatment will lead to a more complete understanding of both therapeutic and adverse effects of cisplatin and carboplatin. This will support the refinement of therapeutic regimes and appropriate individualized treatment protocols.
title: Imaging in painful heel
Creators: name: Kalia, Vishal
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Bones
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Inflammation

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Aim is to illustrate imaging spectrum of various causes of heel pain, or calcaneodynia emphasizing salient imaging findings and how to recognize...
Particle Acceleration by Static Black Holes in a Model of $f(R)$ Gravity
Creators: name: Halilsoy, M.
name: Ovgun, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particle collisions are considered within the context of $f(R)$ gravity described by $f(R)=R+2α\sqrt{R}$, where $R$ stands for the Ricci scalar and $α$ is a non-zero constant. The center of mass (CM) energy of head-on colliding particles moving in opposite radial directions near the naked singularity/horizon are considered. Collision of particles in the same direction near the event horizon yields finite energy while the energy of oppositely moving particles grows unbounded. Addition of a cosmological constant does not change the feature. Collision of a massless outgoing photon with an infalling particle and collision of two oppositely moving photons following null-geodesics are also taken into account.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in Canadian Journal of Physics
Building an Incident-Level Data Platform of Police Officer-Involved Firearm Shootings to Inform Police and Public Safety
Creators: name: Taylor, Bruce
name: Weiwei Liu
name: Sheridan-Johnson, Jackie
name: Morral, Andrew
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Criminology and Criminal Justice
subject: Criminology
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Law Enforcement and Corrections
subject: Legal Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Law

description: NORC at the University of Chicago and the Police Executive Research Forum (PERF) conducted a multi-method study to (1) collect incident-level data regarding over 4,000 officer use-of-force cases, including officer-involved shootings, over a five-year period of 2015 to 2019; (2) conduct document review of officer use-of-force and officer safety training and policies; (3) conduct in-depth qualitative interviews with agency command staff, and (4) conduct interviews and focus groups with patrol officers involved in recent UOF cases involving the use of a weapon, from 26 large law enforcement agencies (LEAs) across the U.S.
title: Investigating the etiology in acute bilateral medial medullary infarction based on radiology
Creators: name: Deng, Ying
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Sclerosis
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Arteriosclerosis
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Purpose： Bilateral infarction of the medial medulla (MMI) is a rare type of ischemic stroke, limited information about the etiology [1-3] . Neuroimaging plays an important role in clarifying the underlying stroke mechanism [1,4,5] . The aim of...
(401456) Eliza Brodie Ferguson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Disruption of the Arsenic (+3 Oxidation State) Methyltransferase Gene in the Mouse Alters the Phenotype for Methylation of Arsenic and Affects Distribution and Retention of Orally Administered Arsenate
Creators: name: Naranmandura, Hua
name: Edwards, Brenda C.
name: Hughes, Michael F.
name: Thomas, David J.
name: Kubachka, Kevin M.
name: Creed, John T.
name: Le, X. Chris
name: Styblo, Miroslav
name: Herbin-Davis, Karen
name: Maeda, Noboyu
name: Drobna, Zuzana
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The arsenic (+3 oxidation state) methyltransferase (As3mt) gene encodes a 43 kDa protein that catalyzes methylation of inorganic arsenic. Altered expression of AS3MT in cultured human cells controls arsenic methylation phenotypes, suggesting a critical role in arsenic metabolism. Because methylated arsenicals mediate some toxic or carcinogenic effects linked to inorganic arsenic exposure, studies of the fate and effects of arsenicals in mice which cannot methylate arsenic could be instructive. This study compared retention and distribution of arsenic in As3mt knockout mice and in wild-type C57BL/6 mice in which expression of the As3mt gene is normal. Male and female mice of either genotype received an oral dose of 0.5 mg of arsenic as arsenate per kg containing [73As]-arsenate. Mice were radioassayed for up to 96 hours after dosing; tissues were collected at 2 and 24 hours after dosing. At 2 and 24 hours after dosing, livers of As3mt knockouts contained a greater proportion of inorganic and monomethylated arsenic than did livers of C57BL/6 mice. A similar predominance of inorganic and monomethylated arsenic was found in the urine of As3mt knockouts. At 24 hours after dosing, As3mt knockouts retained significantly higher percentages of arsenic dose in liver, kidneys, urinary bladder, lungs, heart, and carcass than did C57BL/6 mice. Whole body clearance of [73As] in As3mt knockouts was substantially slower than in C57BL/6 mice. At 24 hours after dosing, As3mt knockouts retained about 50% and C57BL/6 mice about 6% of the dose. After 96 hours, As3mt knockouts retained about 20% and C57BL/6 mice retained less than 2% of the dose. These data confirm a central role for As3mt in metabolism of inorganic arsenic and indicate that phenotypes for arsenic retention and distribution are markedly affected by the null genotype for arsenic methylation, indicating a close linkage between the metabolism and retention of arsenicals.
title: What a surgeon want to know In chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) patients undergoing low dose multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT)
Creators: name: KUMAR, T SEETAM
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anatomy
subject: Ear / Nose / Throat
subject: CT
subject: Normal variants
subject: Congenital
subject: Pathology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To study the spectrum of imaging features of Chronic Rhinosinusitis(CRS)-To study various anatomical variations in paranasal sinuses...
Additional file 1 of Ultrasound to address medullary sponge kidney: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Pisani, Isabella
name: Giacosa, Roberto
name: Giuliotti, Sara
name: Moretto, Dario
name: Regolisti, Giuseppe
name: Cantarelli, Chiara
name: Vaglio, Augusto
name: Fiaccadori, Enrico
name: Manenti, Lucio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1:Table S1. Clinical data of the patients involved in the study.
Constructing Hadamard states via an extended Møller operator
Creators: name: Dappiaggi, Claudio
name: Drago, Nicolò
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T20, 81T05

description: We consider real scalar field theories whose dynamics is ruled by normally hyperbolic operators differing only by a smooth potential $V$. By means of an extension of the standard definition of Møller operator, we construct an isomorphism between the associated spaces of smooth solutions and between the associated algebras of observables. On the one hand such isomorphism is non-canonical since it depends on the choice of a smooth time-dependant cut-off function. On the other hand, given any quasi-free Hadamard state for a theory with a given $V$, such isomorphism allows for the construction of another quasi-free Hadamard state for a different potential. The resulting state preserves also the invariance under the action of any isometry, whose associated Killing field commutes with the vector field built out of the normal vectors to a family of Cauchy surfaces, foliating the underlying manifold. Eventually we discuss a sufficient condition to remove on static spacetimes the dependence on the cut-off via a suitable adiabatic limit.
description: 27 pages, published version
title: CT-based Whole-heart Radiomics Analysis of Tetralogy of Fallot for Prediction of pulmonary regurgitation: A Preliminary Study
Creators: name: Han, Pei-lun
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cardiac
subject: CT
subject: Complications
subject: Congenital

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is the most common complex heart disease [1]. The advancement of surgery techniques increased the survival of TOF patients, but there are still many complications in which pulmonary regurgitation (PR) was most common [2]....
Thermodynamic analysis of universes with the initial and final de-Sitter eras
Creators: name: Moradpour, H.
name: Sabet, M. T. Mohammadi
name: Ghasemi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our aim is studying the thermodynamics of cosmological models including initial and final de-Sitter eras. For this propose, bearing Cai-Kim temperature in mind, we investigate the thermodynamic properties of a dark energy candidate with variable energy density, and show that the state parameter of this dark energy candidate should obey the $ω_D\neq-1$ constraint, whiles there is no interaction between the fluids filled the universe, and the universe is not in the de-Sitter eras. Additionally, based on thermal fluctuation theory, we study the possibility of inducing fluctuations to the entropy of the dark energy candidate due to a mutual interaction between the cosmos sectors. Therefore, we find a relation between the thermal fluctuations and the mutual interaction between the cosmos sectors, whiles the dark energy candidate has a varying energy density. We point to models in which a gravitationally induced particle production process leads to change the expansion eras, whiles the corresponding pressure is considered as the cause of current acceleration phase. We study its thermodynamics, and show that such processes may also leave thermal fluctuations into the system. We also find an expression between the thermal fluctuations and the particle production rate. Finally, we use Hayward-Kodama temperature to get a relation for the horizon entropy in models including the gravitationally induced particle production process. Our study shows that the first law of thermodynamics is available on the apparent horizon whiles, the gravitationally induced particle production process, as the dark energy candidate, may add an additional term to the Bekenstein limit of the horizon.
description: The text has been modified and some references are added
(401452) Margaret Kathleen Jones
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Brian Vickery and the foundations of information science
Creators: name: Robinson, Lyn
name: Bowden, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Science
subject: Information and Library Science
subject: B. Vickery
subject: Knowledge Organization
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/QHI3KC0M
subject: https://iskouk.org/subjects/O2UECUAK

description: The paper examines B.C. Vickery’s contributions to the continuing debate on the nature
 of the information sciences as academic disciplines and domains of professional practice,
 focusing on ten main topics: what is information science; information science as a field of
 study; the core of information science; information science and other disciplines; cognate
 information disciplines; information science: theory and practice; education for informa-
 tion science; the importance of the user; the place of knowledge organisation; and informa-
 tion science, looking backward and forward.
title: MR Imaging manifestations of neurosyphilis
Creators: name: Chen, Xinyue
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dementia
subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Oedema

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Neurosyphilis (NS) is a major health concern given its ever-increasing prevalence. NS is a chronic infectious disease caused by treponema pallidum (TP) infection of brain parenchyma, meninges, etc., and the central nervous system (CNS) may be...
(401453) Alison Mary Smith
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Closed range of $\bar\partial$ on unbounded domains in $\mathbb C^n$
Creators: name: Harrington, Phillip S.
name: Raich, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32W05, Secondary 32F17, 35N15

description: In this article, we establish a general sufficient condition for closed range of the Cauchy-Riemann operator $\bar\partial$ in appropriately weighted $L^2$ and $L^2$-Sobolev spaces on $(0,q)$-forms for a fixed $q$ on domains in $\mathbb{C}^n$. The domains we consider may be neither bounded nor pseudoconvex, and our condition is a generalization of the classical $Z(q)$ condition that we call weak $Z(q)$. We provide examples that explain the necessity of working in weighted spaces both for closed range in $L^2$ and even more critically, in $L^2$-Sobolev spaces.
description: 19 pages. We split the original paper into two, smaller papers
Additional file 2 of Ultrasound to address medullary sponge kidney: a retrospective study
Creators: name: Pisani, Isabella
name: Giacosa, Roberto
name: Giuliotti, Sara
name: Moretto, Dario
name: Regolisti, Giuseppe
name: Cantarelli, Chiara
name: Vaglio, Augusto
name: Fiaccadori, Enrico
name: Manenti, Lucio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2 :Table S2. Clinical and instrumental features suggestive for nephrocalcinosis or ADTKD/MCKD.
title: The MR imaging features of adult-onset sporadic neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
Creators: name: Lu, Lifang
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: Biopsy
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Dementia
subject: Outcomes
subject: Pathology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease(NIID) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the presence of eosinopilic intranuclear inclusion in the central and peripheral nervous system and multiple visceral organs[1-3].NIID is...
(401454) John Ferguson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Nonlinear Cancer Response at Ultralow Dose: A 40800-Animal ED 001 Tumor and Biomarker Study
Creators: name: Bailey, George S.
name: Swenberg, James A.
name: Spitsbergen, Jan M.
name: Williams, David E.
name: Pereira, Clifford B.
name: Reddy, Ashok P.
name: Orner, Gayle A.
name: Harttig, Ulrich
name: Baird, William
name: Hendricks, Jerry D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Assessment of human cancer risk from animal carcinogen studies is severely limited by inadequate experimental data at environmentally relevant exposures, and procedures requiring modeled extrapolations many orders of magnitude below observable data. We used rainbow trout, an animal model well suited to ultra low-dose carcinogenesis research, to explore dose-response down to a targeted 10 excess liver tumors per 10,000 animals (ED001). A total of 40,800 trout were fed 0–225 ppm dibenzo[a,l]pyrene (DBP) for four weeks, sampled for biomarker analyses, and returned to control diet for nine months prior to gross and histologic examination. Suspect tumors were confirmed by pathology, and resulting incidences were modeled and compared to the default EPA LED10 linear extrapolation method. The study provided observed incidence data down to two above-background liver tumors per 10,000 animals at lowest dose (that is, an un-modeled ED0002 measurement). Among nine statistical models explored, three were determined to fit the liver data well - linear probit, quadratic logit, and Ryzin-Rai. None of these fitted models is compatible with the LED10 default assumption, and all fell increasingly below the default extrapolation with decreasing DBP dose. Low-dose tumor response was also not predictable from hepatic DBP-DNA adduct biomarkers, which accumulated as a power function of dose (adducts = 100 * DBP1.31). Two-order extrapolations below the modeled tumor data predicted DBP doses producing one excess cancer per million individuals (ED10−6) that were 500–1500-fold higher than that predicted by the five-order LED10 extrapolation. These results are considered specific to the animal model, carcinogen, and protocol used. They provide the first experimental estimation in any model of the degree of conservatism that may exist for the EPA default linear assumption for a genotoxic carcinogen.
Small-scale dynamos on the solar surface: dependence on magnetic Prandtl number
Creators: name: Thaler, I.
name: Spruit, H. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question of possible small-scale dynamo action in the surface layers of the Sun is revisited with realistic 3D MHD simulations. As in other MHD problems, dynamo action is found to be a sensitive function of the magnetic Prandtl number ${\rm P_{\rm m} }=ν/η$; it disappears below a critical value ${\rm P_{\rm c}}$ which is a function of the numerical resolution. At a grid spacing of 3.5 km, ${\rm P_{\rm c}}$ based on the hyperdiffusivities implemented in the code (STAGGER) is $\approx 1$, increasing with increasing grid spacing. As in other settings, it remains uncertain whether small scale dynamo action is present in the astrophysical limit where ${\rm P_{\rm m} }<<1$ and magnetic Reynolds number ${\rm R_m}\gg 1$. The question is discussed in the context of the strong effect that external stray fields are observed to have in generating and maintaining dynamo action in other numerical and laboratory systems, and in connection with the type-II hypertransient behavior of dynamo action observed in the absence of such external fields.
Spectral geometry of symplectic spinors
Creators: name: Vassilevich, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symplectic spinors form an infinite-rank vector bundle. Dirac operators on this bundle were constructed recently by K.~Habermann. Here we study the spectral geometry aspects of these operators. In particular, we define the associated distance function and compute the heat trace asymptotics.
description: 11 pages, v2: misprints corrected
(401448) Andrew Douglas
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Accounting for electronic polarization in nonpolarizable force fields
Creators: name: Leontyev, Igor
name: Stuchebrukhov, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The issues of electronic polarizability in molecular dynamics simulations are discussed. We argue that the charges of ionized groups in proteins, and charges of ions in conventional non-polarizable force fields such as CHARMM, AMBER, GROMOS, etc should be scaled by a factor about 0.7. Our model explains why a neglect of electronic solvation energy, which typically amounts to about a half of total solvation energy, in non-polarizable simulations with un-scaled charges can produce a correct result; however, the correct solvation energy of ions does not guarantee the correctness of ion-ion pair interactions in many non-polarizable simulations. The inclusion of electronic screening for charged moieties is shown to result in significant changes in protein dynamics and can give rise to new qualitative results compared with the traditional non-polarizable force field simulations. The model also explains the striking difference between the value of water dipole $μ$~3D reported in recent ab initio and experimental studies with the value $μ_{eff}$~2.3D typically used in the empirical potentials, such as TIP3P or SPC/E. It is shown that the effective dipole of water can be understood as a scaled value $μ_{eff}=μ/\sqrt{ε_{el}}$, where $ε_{el}$=1.78 is the electronic (high-frequency) dielectric constant of water. This simple theoretical framework provides important insights into the nature of the effective parameters, which is crucial when the computational models of liquid water are used for simulations in different environments, such as proteins, or for interaction with solutes.
description: 53 pages, 6 figures, 3 tables
title: Changing of Clinical Radiology Teaching Methods following easing of Social Distancing Restrictions of the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Spruce, Rebecca
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer applications
subject: Professional issues
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Computer Applications-General
subject: Education
subject: Education and training

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: During the COVID-19 pandemic, many radiology training programmes utilised video-conferencing-platforms (VCPs) to support trainees’ learning. While this allowed teaching to continue and maintain social distancing, the virtual model limited...
(401449) [John] Alastair MacGregor
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Pneumatocoele after cochlear implantation with lateral petrosectomy: A minor complication?
Creators: name: Pietro, Canzi
name: Elena, Carlotto
name: Domenico, Minervini
name: Anna, Simoncelli
name: Andrea, De Iasio
name: Ilaria, Ottoboni
name: Luisa, Chiapparini
name: Marco, Benazzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: To illustrate the clinical features and management of pneumatocoele presenting with a trap-valve mechanism after cochlear implantation with lateral petrosectomy (LP) in comparison with literature. Pneumatocoele is a rare complication of cochlear implant (CI) surgery, generally managed with conservative treatments. We describe a progressively increasing pneumatocoele with a trap-valve mechanism occurring one year after CI with LP, successfully managed with revision surgery. Literature review was performed on this topic. Our case was the second ever reported in literature. It appeared consequently to forceful nose-blowing in a patient with refractory nasal polyposis. Unlike the pneumatocoeles reported after standard CI, we advised revision surgery as well as in the case of pneumatocoele after staged LP and CI. In both the patients subcutaneous air collection occurred as a late complication and an insufficient Eustachian tube closure was disclosed, which is considered a complication of LP itself. Surgical management was necessary in consideration of the risk of ascending infections associated with Eustachian tube patency in LP with CI. We consider surgical treatment mandatory in pneumatocoele after CI with LP, it is indeed the sentinel of the restoration of Eustachian tube patency and the potential prelude to major complications.
Quantitative Structure−Activity Relationship Modeling of Rat Acute Toxicity by Oral Exposure
Creators: name: Ye, Lin
name: Zhu, Hao
name: Young, Douglas M.
name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Sedykh, Alexander
name: Martin, Todd M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Few Quantitative Structure-Activity Relationship (QSAR) studies have successfully modeled large, diverse rodent toxicity endpoints. In this study, a comprehensive dataset of 7,385 compounds with their most conservative lethal dose (LD50) values has been compiled. A combinatorial QSAR approach has been employed to develop robust and predictive models of acute toxicity in rats caused by oral exposure to chemicals. To enable fair comparison between the predictive power of models generated in this study versus a commercial toxicity predictor, TOPKAT (Toxicity Prediction by Komputer Assisted Technology), a modeling subset of the entire dataset was selected that included all 3,472 compounds used in the TOPKAT’s training set. The remaining 3,913 compounds, which were not present in the TOPKAT training set, were used as the external validation set. QSAR models of five different types were developed for the modeling set. The prediction accuracy for the external validation set was estimated by determination coefficient R2 of linear regression between actual and predicted LD50 values. The use of the applicability domain threshold implemented in most models generally improved the external prediction accuracy but expectedly led to the decrease in chemical space coverage; depending on the applicability domain threshold, R2 ranged from 0.24 to 0.70. Ultimately, several consensus models were developed by averaging the predicted LD50 for every compound using all 5 models. The consensus models afforded higher prediction accuracy for the external validation dataset with the higher coverage as compared to individual constituent models. The validated consensus LD50 models developed in this study can be used as reliable computational predictors of in vivo acute toxicity.
The Influence of Repair Pathways on the Cytotoxicity and Mutagenicity Induced by the Pyridyloxobutylation Pathway of Tobacco-Specific Nitrosamines
Creators: name: Pegg, Anthony E.
name: Lindgren, Bruce R.
name: Wattenberg, Elizabeth V.
name: Li, Li
name: Perdigao, Joana
name: Lao, Yanbin
name: Hecht, Stephen S.
name: Peterson, Lisa A.
name: Sancar, Aziz
name: Reardon, Joyce T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Tobacco-specific nitrosamines, 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) and N′-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), are considered to be human carcinogens. Both compounds are metabolized to pyridyloxobutylating intermediates that react with DNA to form adducts such as 7-[4-(3-pyridyl)-4-oxobut-1-yl]-guanine (7-pobG), O2-[4-(3-pyridyl)-4-oxobut-1-yl]-cytosine (O2-pobC), O2-[4-(3-pyridyl)-4-oxobut-1-yl]-2′-deoxythymidine (O2-pobdT), O6-[4-(3-pyridyl)-4-oxobut-1-yl]-2′-deoxyguanosine (O6-pobdG) and 4-hydroxy-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (HPB)-releasing adducts. The role of specific DNA adducts in the overall genotoxic activity of the pyridyloxobutylation pathway is not known. One adduct, O6-pobdG, is mutagenic. To characterize the mutagenic and cytotoxic properties of pyridyloxobutyl DNA adducts, the impact of DNA repair pathways on the cytotoxic and mutagenic properties of the model pyridyloxobutylating agent, 4-(acetoxymethylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNKOAc) was investigated in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cell lines proficient or deficient in O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase (AGT), deficient in both AGT and base excision repair (BER), or deficient in both AGT and nucleotide excision repair (NER). The repair of the four pyridyloxobutyl DNA adducts was determined in the same cell lines via sensitive LC-MS/MS methods. NNKOAc was more cytotoxic in the cell lines lacking AGT, BER and NER repair pathways. It also induced more mutations in the hprt gene in the BER and NER deficient cell lines. However, AGT expression did not influence NNKOAc’s mutagenicity despite efficient repair of O6-pobdG. Analysis of the hprt mutational spectra indicated that NNKOAc primarily caused point mutations at AT base pairs. GC to AT transition mutations were a minor contributor to the overall mutation spectrum, providing a rationale for the observation that AGT does not protect against the overall mutagenic properties of NNKOAc in this model system. The only adduct affected by the absence of effective NER was O2-pobdT. Slower repair of O2-pobdT in NER deficient cells was associated with increased AT to TA transversion mutations, supporting the hypothesis that these mutations are caused by O2-pobdT. Together, these data support a hypothesis that the pyridyloxobutylation pathway generates multiple mutagenic and toxic adducts.
Additional file 3 of Early hyperoxemia is associated with lower adjusted mortality after severe trauma: results from a French registry
Creators: name: Baekgaard, Josefine S.
name: Paer-Selim Abback
name: Boubaya, Marouane
name: Jean-Denis Moyer
name: Garrigue, Delphine
name: Raux, Mathieu
name: Benoit Champigneulle
name: Dubreuil, Guillaume
name: Pottecher, Julien
name: Laitselart, Philippe
name: Laloum, Fleur
name: Bloch-Queyrat, Coralie
name: Adnet, Frédéric
name: Paugam-Burtz, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Multivariate full model including factors used in propensity score.
Cheminformatics Analysis of Assertions Mined from Literature That Describe Drug-Induced Liver Injury in Different Species
Creators: name: Bradley, Paul
name: Fourches, Denis
name: Reed, Jane Z.
name: Barnes, Julie C.
name: Day, Nicola C.
name: Tropsha, Alexander
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Drug Induced Liver Injury (DILI) is one of the main causes of drug attrition. The ability to predict the liver effects of drug candidates from their chemical structure is critical to help guiding experimental drug discovery projects towards safer medicines. In this study, we have compiled a dataset of 951 compounds reported to produce a wide range of effects in the liver in different species, comprising humans, rodents, and non-rodents. The liver effects for this dataset were obtained as assertional meta-data, generated from MEDLINE abstracts using a unique combination of lexical and linguistic methods and ontological rules. We have analyzed this dataset using conventional cheminformatics approaches and addressed several questions pertaining to cross-species concordance of liver effects, chemical determinants of liver effects in humans, and the prediction of whether a given compound is likely to cause a liver effect in humans. We found that the concordance of liver effects was relatively low (ca. 39–44%) between different species raising the possibility that species specificity could depend on specific features of chemical structure. Compounds were clustered by their chemical similarity, and similar compounds were examined for the expected similarity of their species-dependent liver effect profiles. In most cases, similar profiles were observed for members of the same cluster, but some compounds appeared as outliers. The outliers were the subject of focused assertion re-generation from MEDLINE, as well as other data sources. In some cases, additional biological assertions were identified which were in line with expectations based on compounds' chemical similarity. The assertions were further converted to binary annotations of underlying chemicals (i.e., liver effect vs. no liver effect), and binary QSAR models were generated to predict whether a compound would be expected to produce liver effects in humans. Despite the apparent heterogeneity of data, models have shown good predictive power assessed by external five-fold cross validation procedures. The external predictive power of binary QSAR models was further confirmed by their application to compounds that were retrieved or studied after the model was developed. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study for chemical toxicity prediction that applied QSAR modeling and other cheminformatics techniques to observational data generated by the means of automated text mining with limited manual curation, opening up new opportunities for generating and modeling chemical toxicology data.
Phantom Dark Ghost in Einstein-Cartan Gravity
Creators: name: Chang, Yu-Chiao
name: Bouhmadi-López, Mariam
name: Chen, Pisin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of dynamical dark energy models is constructed through an extended version of fermion fields corresponding to phantom dark ghost spinors, which are spin one half with mass dimension one. We find that if these spinors interact with torsion fields in a homogeneous and isotropic universe, then it does not imply any future dark energy singularity or any abrupt event, though the fermion has a negative kinetic energy. In fact, the equation of state of this dark energy model will asymptotically approach the value $w=-1$ from above without crossing the phantom divide and inducing therefore a de Sitter state. Consequently, we expect the model to be stable because no real phantom fields will be created. At late time, the torsion fields will vanish as the corresponding phantom dark ghost spinors dilute. As would be expected, intuitively, this result is unaffected by the presence of cold dark matter although the proof is not as straightforward as in general relativity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. A heavily revised version without changes on the physical content. Version to appear in EPJC
Additional file 2 of Early hyperoxemia is associated with lower adjusted mortality after severe trauma: results from a French registry
Creators: name: Baekgaard, Josefine S.
name: Paer-Selim Abback
name: Boubaya, Marouane
name: Jean-Denis Moyer
name: Garrigue, Delphine
name: Raux, Mathieu
name: Benoit Champigneulle
name: Dubreuil, Guillaume
name: Pottecher, Julien
name: Laitselart, Philippe
name: Laloum, Fleur
name: Bloch-Queyrat, Coralie
name: Adnet, Frédéric
name: Paugam-Burtz, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Supplementary table on baseline characteristics for intubated vs spontaneously breathing patients.
Column Switching HPLC-ESI + -MS/MS Methods for Quantitative Analysis of Exocyclic dA Adducts in the DNA of Laboratory Animals Exposed to 1,3-Butadiene
Creators: name: Goggin, Melissa
name: Tretyakova, Natalia
name: Seneviratne, Uthpala
name: Walker, Vernon E.
name: Swenberg, James A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: 1,3-butadiene (BD)1 is an important industrial and environmental chemical classified as a human carcinogen based on epidemiological evidence for an increased incidence of leukemia in workers occupationally exposed to BD and its potent carcinogenicity in laboratory rats and mice. BD is metabolically activated to epoxide intermediates that can react with nucleophilic sites of cellular biomolecules. Among these, 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) is considered the ultimate carcinogenic species of BD due to its potent genotoxicity and mutagenicity attributed to the ability to form DNA-DNA cross-links and exocyclic nucleoside adducts. DEB mutagenesis studies suggest that adducts formed at adenine bases may be critically important, as DEB induces large numbers of A → T transversion mutations. We have recently identified two regioisomeric exocyclic DEB-dA adducts, 1,N6-(2-hydroxy-3-hydroxymethylpropan-1,3-diyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (1,N6-γ-HMHP-dA) and 1,N6-(1-hydroxymethyl-2-hydroxypropan-1,3-diyl)-2'-deoxyadenosine (1,N6-α-HMHP-dA) (Seneviratne et al. Chemical Research in Toxicology 23, 118-133, 2010), which were detected in DEB-treated calf thymus DNA and in tissues of BD-exposed laboratory animals. In the present work, we describe a column switching HPLC-ESI-MS/MS methodology for the quantitative analysis of 1,N6-HMHP-dA isomers in DNA of laboratory mice exposed to BD by inhalation. Based on their exocyclic structure, which prevents normal Watson-Crick base pairing, these adducts could be responsible for mutations at the A:T base pairs observed following exposure to DEB.