cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Concentração de mercado e poder de monopsônio na indústria brasileira de esmagamento de soja
Creators: name: Carvalho, Lucineia Hipolito De
name: Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias De
name: Carvalho, Lucineia Hipolito De
name: Aguiar, Danilo Rolim Dias De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Industrial Organization

description: This study aims to analyze the impacts of changes in the structure of the Brazilian soybean crushing industry on the performance of the soybeans complex. It was verified that the trend of concentration in the soybean crushing industry, which had already been verified by previous paper carried out in the decade of 1990, intensified in the beginning of the decade of 2000. The results regarding market power gave support to the hypothesis of monopsony power usage in the purchases of soybeans from the farmers. The results suggest that the crushing firms have had the ability to use market power against soybean farmers. However, the fact that the use of market power has been restricted in the markets where there is excess capacity suggests that the use of market power is less intense where crushing firms have less bargain power in relation to farmers. In this sense, strategies of cooperation in agricultural marketing, by means of either cooperatives or other forms of partnerships among farmers, could be an effective way of countervailing the increasing bargain power of the crushing industry.
Challenges in Semileptonic B Decays
Creators: name: Gambino, P.
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Rotondo, M.
name: Schwanda, C.
name: Bernlochner, F.
name: Bharucha, A.
name: Bozzi, C.
name: Calvi, M.
name: Cao, L.
name: Ciezarek, G.
name: Davies, C. T. H.
name: El-Khadra, A. X.
name: Hashimoto, S.
name: Jung, M.
name: Khodjamirian, A.
name: Ligeti, Z.
name: Lunghi, E.
name: Luth, V.
name: Mannel, T.
name: Meinel, S.
name: Paz, G.
name: Schacht, S.
name: Simula, S.
name: Sutcliffe, W.
name: Aviles-Casco, A. Vaquero
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two of the elements of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa quark mixing matrix, $|V_{ub}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$, are extracted from semileptonic B decays. The results of the B factories, analysed in the light of the most recent theoretical calculations, remain puzzling, because for both $|V_{ub}|$ and $|V_{cb}|$ the exclusive and inclusive determinations are in clear tension. Further, measurements in the $τ$ channels at Belle, Babar, and LHCb show discrepancies with the Standard Model predictions, pointing to a possible violation of lepton flavor universality. LHCb and Belle II have the potential to resolve these issues in the next few years. This article summarizes the discussions and results obtained at the MITP workshop held on April 9--13, 2018, in Mainz, Germany, with the goal to develop a medium-term strategy of analyses and calculations aimed at solving the puzzles. Lattice and continuum theorists working together with experimentalists have discussed how to reshape the semileptonic analyses in view of the much higher luminosity expected at Belle II, searching for ways to systematically validate the theoretical predictions in both exclusive and inclusive B decays, and to exploit the rich possibilities at LHCb.
description: 77 pages
On Ihara's lemma for Hilbert Modular Varieties
Creators: name: Dimitrov, Mladen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80; 11G18; 11F41; 11F67; 11R34; 11R39

description: Let ρbe a modulo p representation of the absolute Galois group of a totally real number field. Under the assumptions that ρhas large image and admits a low weight crystalline modular deformation we show that any low weight crystalline deformation of ρunramified outside a finite set of primes will be modular. We follow the approach of Wiles as generalized by Fujiwara. The main new ingredient is an Ihara type lemma for the local component at ρof the middle degree cohomology of a Hilbert modular variety. As an application we relate the algebraic p-part of the value at 1 of the adjoint L-function associated to a Hilbert modular newform to the cardinality of the corresponding Selmer group.
description: This is a completely revised version (30 pages)
Chloride leaching for chalcopyrite
Creators: name: Liddicoat, Jenni Anne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Two new process flowsheets have been developed which combine chloride leaching for chalcopyrite with solvent extraction, to selectively transfer copper to a conventional sulfate electrowinning circuit. Both models were designed to address the common chloride hydromet problem of product impurity, and they differ with respect to iron deportment. Chloride leaching offers significant advantages for copper hydrometallurgy including increased solubility, increased rates of leaching and stabilization of Cu(I) through chloride complexation. A mass balance was completed for both models and enabled the determination of recycle leach liquor concentrations of copper and iron species for the countercurrent leach tests. To assist with solid-liquid (S-L) separation a bench size mini-thickener was designed and tested in the continuous countercurrent,leach experiments. One mini-thickener was used for leach stage 1 (LSI) S-L separation in a smooth, clean and semi-continuous manner. The leach tests were performed using a chalcopyrite concentrate, from Antamina in northern Peru, which contained a low to moderate amount of gangue material. The successful completion of mass balances for both circuits demonstrates potential for these two new chloride leach flowsheets particularly in addressing current purification difficulties and waste management issues. The goethite model leach experiments, in which oxygen was injected to leach stage 2 (LS2) to aid iron oxidation and precipitation, were unsuccessful in achieving >95% copper extraction in the atmospheric conditions tested. It is believed that further intensification of conditions could produce >95% copper extraction. The hematite model, in which no air is added to the leach, was successful in demonstrating the effect of varying particle size, leach time and temperature to achieve copper extractions >95%. Three hematite process variations achieved >95% copper extraction and these involved fine grinding of the concentrate, and either a 3h residence time at 95C (98% extraction), a 2h residence time at 95C (96% extraction) or a 3h residence time at 85C (96% extraction). One final experiment, based on the hematite model, was successfully conducted at optimum leach conditions employing Rosario concentrate from Chile, which contains chalcopyrite, chalcocite and a significant amount of pyrite. Copper extraction exceeded 99% for this experiment.
p-form spectra and Casimir energies on spherical tesselations
Creators: name: Dowker, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Casimir energies on space-times having the fundamental domains of semi-regular spherical tesselations of the three-sphere as their spatial sections are computed for scalar and Maxwell fields. The spectral theory of p-forms on the fundamental domains is also developed and degeneracy generating functions computed. Absolute and relative boundary conditions are encountered naturally. Some aspects of the heat-kernel expansion are explored. The expansion is shown to terminate with the constant term which is computed to be 1/2 on all tesselations for a coexact 1-form and shown to be so by topological arguments. Some practical points concerning generalised Bernoulli numbers are given.
description: 43 pages. v.ii. Puzzle eliminated, references added and typos corrected. v.iii. topological arguments included, references added
Additional file 3 of The evolution of the Puf superfamily of proteins across the tree of eukaryotes
Creators: name: Najdrová, Vladimíra
name: Stairs, Courtney W.
name: Vinopalová, Martina
name: Luboš Voleman
name: Doležal, Pavel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Phylogenetic analysis NOP9, PUM3 and PUF proteins. Full phylogenies of maximum-likelihood analysis of PUM3, Nop9 and Puf proteins with SH-like approximate likelihood ratio test, ultrafast bootstrap supports, and with both non-parametric Felsenstein’s Bootstrap Proportion (FBP) supports (i.e., PMSF) and Transfer Bootstrap Expectation (TBE) supports as indicated. See Additional file 7 for alignment properties and model parameters.
A quantitative theory for heterogeneous combustion of nonvolatile metal particles in the diffusion-limited regime
Creators: name: Ning, Daoguan
name: Dreizler, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents an analytical theory quantitatively describing the heterogeneous combustion of nonvolatile (metal) particles in the diffusion-limited regime. It is assumed that the particle is suspended in an unconfined, isobaric, quiescent gaseous mixture and the chemisorption of the oxygen takes place evenly on the particle surface. The exact solution of the particle burn time is derived from the conservation equations of the gas-phase described in a spherical coordinate system with the utilization of constant thermophysical properties, evaluated at a reference film layer. This solution inherently takes the Stefan flow into account. The approximate expression of the time-dependent particle temperature is solved from the conservation of the particle enthalpy by neglecting the higher order terms in the Taylor expansion of the product of the transient particle density and diameter squared. Coupling the solutions for the burn time and time-dependent particle temperature provides quantitative results when initial and boundary conditions are specified. The theory is employed to predict the burn time and temperature of micro-sized iron particles, which are then compared with measurements, as the first validation case. The theoretical burn time agrees with the experiments almost perfectly at both low and high oxygen levels. The calculated particle temperature matches the measurements fairly well at relatively low oxygen mole fractions, whereas the theory overpredict the particle peak temperature due to the neglect of evaporation and the possible transition of the combustion regime.
The Geometry of an Equifacetal Simplex
Creators: name: Edmonds, Allan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B11; 52B15

description: Equifacetal simplices, all of whose codimension one faces are congruent to one another, are studied. It is shown that the isometry group of such a simplex acts transitively on its set of vertices, and, as an application, equifacetal simplices are shown to have unique centers. It is conjectured that a simplex with a unique center must be equifacetal. The notion of the combinatorial type of an equifacetal simplex is introduced and analyzed, and all possible combinatorial types of equifacetal simplices are constructed in even dimensions.
description: Final revision
Oggetto d’arte quotidiana
Creators: name: Russo, Dario
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2014

description: Since the meaning of the design in the XIX Century, “applied art” (to the industry), till today's Designart, through the artidesign (a mix of art, design and craft), the boundary among art and design has been often unsettled. During the 50’s, Max Bill has defined “hairdresser” the designer who focuses on the shape rather than the function. Nowadays, we are surrounded by more and more products with high symbolic level designed to state their aesthetic configuration. Nothing against the communicative value of the product. However, what happens when it affects the usability?
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Everyday Objects
Localised magnetic excitations of coupled impurities in a transverse Ising ferromagnet
Creators: name: Leite, R. V.
name: Pereira, J. Milton
name: Filho, R. N. Costa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Green's function formalism is used to calculate the spectrum of excitations of two neighboring impurities implanted in a semi-infinite ferromagnetic. The equations of motion for the Green's functions are determined in the framework of the Ising model in a transverse field and results are given for the effect of the exchange coupling, position and orientation of the impurities on the spectra of localized spin wave modes.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
IoT and Neural Network-Based Water Pumping Control System For Smart Irrigation
Creators: name: Karar, M. E.
name: Al-Rasheed, M. F.
name: Al-Rasheed, A. F.
name: Reyad, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article aims at saving the wasted water in the process of irrigation using the Internet of Things (IoT) based on a set of sensors and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) neural network. The developed system handles the sensor data using the Arduino board to control the water pump automatically. The sensors measure the environmental factors; namely temperature, humidity, and soil moisture to estimate the required time for the operation of water irrigation. The water pump control system consists of software and hardware tools such as Arduino Remote XY interface and electronic sensors in the framework of IoT technology. The machine learning algorithm such as the MLP neural network plays an important role to support the decision of automatic control of IoT-based irrigation system, managing the water consumption effectively.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Economic Impact of Fusarium Head Blight in Malting Barley: Blending Margins and Firm-Level Risk
Creators: name: Nganje, William E.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
name: Nganje, William E.
name: Johnson, D. Demcey
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: FHB and DON present significant challenges to producers, grain elevators, and the brewing industry. Yield reductions and price discounts incurred by producers in North Dakota, Minnesota, and South Dakota averaged about $45.3 million annually during the years 1998 through 2000. Losses are more substantial when secondary economic impacts are considered. For every $1 of scab losses incurred by the producer, $2 in losses are incurred in other areas of rural and state economies. One way of mitigating these losses is to blend barley with DON and barley without DON. Results from the grain blending model show a sharp decline of DON discounts and losses after blending. The average discount fell from $0.57/bu to $0.17/bu in 1998, $0.48/bu to $0.14/bu in 1999, and $0.38/bu to $0.15/bu in 2000. However, producers may not benefit from blending margins (gains from improved quality less blending costs) because these margins are the primary source of revenue for grain elevators. It should also be noted that the aggregate costs of DON to grain handlers are difficult to estimate because DON is subject to an unusual amount of measurement uncertainty, and penalties for excess DON pose an unusual level of risk.
Bounds on heavy axions with an X-ray free electron laser
Creators: name: Halliday, Jack W. D.
name: Marocco, Giacomo
name: Beyer, Konstantin A.
name: Heaton, Charles
name: Nakatsutsumi, Motoaki
name: Preston, Thomas R.
name: Arrowsmith, Charles D.
name: Baehtz, Carsten
name: Goede, Sebastian
name: Humphries, Oliver
name: Garcia, Alejandro Laso
name: Plackett, Richard
name: Svensson, Pontus
name: Vacalis, Georgios
name: Wark, Justin
name: Wood, Daniel
name: Zastrau, Ulf
name: Bingham, Robert
name: Shipsey, Ian
name: Sarkar, Subir
name: Gregori, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new exclusion bounds obtained at the European X-ray Free Electron Laser facility (EuXFEL) on axion-like particles (ALPs) in the mass range 10^{-3} eV < m_a < 10^4 eV. Our experiment exploits the Primakoff effect via which photons can, in the presence of a strong external electric field, decay into axions, which then convert back into photons after passing through an opaque wall. While similar searches have been performed previously at a 3^rd generation synchrotron, our work demonstrates improved sensitivity, exploiting the higher brightness of X-rays at EuXFEL.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 2 of Surgical intra- and extra-articular anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Xiangyun Cheng
name: Liu, Fanxiao
name: Dongsheng Zhou
name: Paulus, Alexander C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2.
Uniform Generalization Bounds on Data-Dependent Hypothesis Sets via PAC-Bayesian Theory on Random Sets
Creators: name: Dupuis, Benjamin
name: Viallard, Paul
name: Deligiannidis, George
name: Simsekli, Umut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose data-dependent uniform generalization bounds by approaching the problem from a PAC-Bayesian perspective. We first apply the PAC-Bayesian framework on "random sets" in a rigorous way, where the training algorithm is assumed to output a data-dependent hypothesis set after observing the training data. This approach allows us to prove data-dependent bounds, which can be applicable in numerous contexts. To highlight the power of our approach, we consider two main applications. First, we propose a PAC-Bayesian formulation of the recently developed fractal-dimension-based generalization bounds. The derived results are shown to be tighter and they unify the existing results around one simple proof technique. Second, we prove uniform bounds over the trajectories of continuous Langevin dynamics and stochastic gradient Langevin dynamics. These results provide novel information about the generalization properties of noisy algorithms.
Strongly adhesive dry transfer technique for van der Waals heterostructure
Creators: name: Son, Suhan
name: Shin, Young Jae
name: Zhang, Kaixuan
name: Shin, Jeacheol
name: Lee, Sungmin
name: Idzuchi, Hiroshi
name: Coak, Matthew J.
name: Kim, Hwangsun
name: Kim, Jangwon
name: Kim, Jae Hoon
name: Kim, Miyoung
name: Kim, Dohun
name: Kim, Philip
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: That one can stack van der Waals materials with atomically sharp interfaces has provided a new material platform of constructing heterostructures. The technical challenge of mechanical stacking is picking up the exfoliated atomically thin materials after mechanical exfoliation without chemical and mechanical degradation. Chemically inert hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) has been widely used for encapsulating and picking up vdW materials. However, due to the relatively weak adhesion of hBN, assembling vdW heterostructures based on hBN has been limited. We report a new dry transfer technique. We used two vdW semiconductors (ZnPS3 and CrPS4) to pick up and encapsulate layers for vdW heterostructures, which otherwise are known to be hard to fabricate. By combining with optimized polycaprolactone (PCL) providing strong adhesion, we demonstrated various vertical heterostructure devices, including quasi-2D superconducting NbSe2 Josephson junctions with atomically clean interface. The versatility of the PCL-based vdW stacking method provides a new route for assembling complex 2D vdW materials without interfacial degradation.
Traceability for Food Safety and Quality Assurance: Mandatory Systems Miss the Mark
Creators: name: Golan, Elise H.
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
name: Price, Gregory K.
name: Calvin, Linda
name: Golan, Elise H.
name: Krissoff, Barry
name: Kuchler, Fred
name: Nelson, Kenneth E.
name: Price, Gregory K.
name: Calvin, Linda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Traceability systems are record-keeping systems that are primarily used to help keep foods with different attributes separate from one another. When information about a particular attribute of a food product is systematically recorded from creation through marketing, traceability for that attribute is established. Recently, policy makers in many countries have begun weighing the usefulness of mandatory traceability for managing such diverse problems as the threat of bio-terrorism, country-of-origin labelling, mad cow disease, and identification of genetically engineered foods. The question before policymakers is, When is mandatory traceability a useful and appropriate policy choice?
Traceability in Meat Supply Chains
Creators: name: Hobbs, Jill E.
name: Hobbs, Jill E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: Traceability through the agri-food supply chain has become the focus of recent industry initiatives and policy discussions in Canada. Traceability can be part of a strategy to reduce the risk or minimize the impact of a foodborne disease problem. It can also be part of a larger quality assurance strategy, facilitating the verification of specific quality attributes. This paper examines the economic incentives for implementing traceability systems in the meat and livestock sector, including ex post cost reduction, enhanced effectiveness of liability law, and reduced information costs for consumers. Preliminary evidence is presented from experimental auctions in Ontario and Saskatchewan that measured consumer willingness to pay for traceability information, food safety assurances and animal welfare assurances for beef and pork.
title: Autorité poétique et transfert européen : le cas de l’Espagne au travers de l’exemple de Góngora
Creators: name: Zeiger, Carina
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2020

description: En Espagne, l’imitation des structures d’origine pétrarquiste en tant que moyen d’autorité poétique est, dès l’instauration du sonnet en Espagne au XVIe siècle, marquée par des tendances de pluralisation. Celles-ci préparent la voie à de nouvelles stratégies qui se définissent de moins en moins par la simple imitation du modèle pétrarquiste, mais par la mise en scène d’une subjectivité prononcée. C’est la sagacité, la “agudeza” de l’auteur, qui devient le fondement de la nouvelle poésie, et qui se manifestera par un emploi de plus en plus complexe de moyens rhétoriques. Dans le cas de Góngora, cette prédominance des formes stylistiques mène à la réduction du contenu sémantique de ses poèmes, y compris les références autobiographiques et morales de tradition pétrarquiste. Cette rupture avec le biographisme prémoderne est obtenue par la dépersonnalisation de ses poèmes d’un côté, et par la fictionnalisation du contenu de ses œuvres de l’autre. L’article s’efforcera de mettre en relief l’emploi cultéraniste des moyens stylistiques, spécifique chez Góngora, et le dépassement du paradigme biographique pour en dégager l’importance en ce qui concerne ses propres aspirations à la distinction intellectuelle et à l’autorité poétique.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 03 (2014): La vie des normes
SafetyLens: Visual Data Analysis of Functional Safety of Vehicles
Creators: name: Narechania, Arpit
name: Qamar, Ahsan
name: Endert, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern automobiles have evolved from just being mechanical machines to having full-fledged electronics systems that enhance vehicle dynamics and driver experience. However, these complex hardware and software systems, if not properly designed, can experience failures that can compromise the safety of the vehicle, its occupants, and the surrounding environment. For example, a system to activate the brakes to avoid a collision saves lives when it functions properly, but could lead to tragic outcomes if the brakes were applied in a way that's inconsistent with the design. Broadly speaking, the analysis performed to minimize such risks falls into a systems engineering domain called Functional Safety. In this paper, we present SafetyLens, a visual data analysis tool to assist engineers and analysts in analyzing automotive Functional Safety datasets. SafetyLens combines techniques including network exploration and visual comparison to help analysts perform domain-specific tasks. This paper presents the design study with domain experts that resulted in the design guidelines, the tool, and user feedback.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures. Proceedings of IEEE VIS'2020
Dall’oggetto all’oggetto. Le radici profonde dell’estetica
Creators: name: Vitta, Maurizio
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2014

description: At what stage of development the object becomes a "design object"? The proliferation of everyday objects brought to light the problem of design, but through design we have been aware of the dense and inextricable presence of objects in our everyday experience. These objects, however, to be thought, must first be received, handled, exhausted, covered, used, consumed, handled in their technician structure, questioned, listened, sometimes rejected and sometimes invoked. The life path of the object (need> desire> project> product> commodity> consumption> use> enjoyment> good) is not reduced to a simple linear sequence, the result of a mechanistic view of cultural processes, but it provides a multi-directional map, full of intersections and exchanges, very close to the image of the hypertext.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Everyday Objects
Voting and Catalytic Processes with Inhomogeneities
Creators: name: Mobilia, Mauro
name: Georgiev, Ivan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the dynamics of the voter model and of the monomer-monomer catalytic process in the presence of many ``competing'' inhomogeneities and show, through exact calculations and numerical simulations, that their presence results in a nontrivial fluctuating steady state whose properties are studied and turn out to specifically depend on the dimensionality of the system, the strength of the inhomogeneities and their separating distances. In fact, in arbitrary dimensions, we obtain an exact (yet formal) expression of the order parameters (magnetization and concentration of adsorbed particles) in the presence of an arbitrary number $n$ of inhomogeneities (``zealots'' in the voter language) and formal similarities with {\it suitable electrostatic systems} are pointed out. In the nontrivial cases $n=1, 2$, we explicitly compute the static and long-time properties of the order parameters and therefore capture the generic features of the systems. When $n>2$, the problems are studied through numerical simulations. In one spatial dimension, we also compute the expressions of the stationary order parameters in the completely disordered case, where $n$ is arbitrary large. Particular attention is paid to the spatial dependence of the stationary order parameters and formal connections with electrostatics.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, revtex4 2-column format. Original title ("Are Voting and Catalytic Processes Electrostatic Problems ?") changed upon editorial request. Minor typos corrected. Published in Physical Review E
The remnant of GW170817: a trapped neutron star with a hypermassive incompressible superfluid core
Creators: name: Hujeirat, A. A.
name: Samtaney, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our bimetric spacetime model of glitching pulsars is applied to the remnant of GW170817. Accordingly, pulsars are born with embryonic incompressible superconducting gluon-quark superfluid cores (SuSu-matter) that are embedded in Minkowski spacetime, whereas the ambient compressible and dissipative media (CDM) are imbedded in curved spacetime. As pulsars cool down, the equilibrium between both spacetime is altered, thereby triggering the well-observed glitch phenomena. Based thereon and assuming all neutron stars (NSs) to be born with the same initial mass of $M_{NS}(t=0) \approx 1.25\,\mathcal{M}_{\odot},$ we argue that the remnant of GW170817 should be a relatively faint NS with a hypermassive central core made of SuSu-matter. The effective mass and radius of the remnant are predicted to be $[2.8 \mathcal{M}_{\odot} < \mathcal{M}_{rem} \le 3.351 \mathcal{M}_{\odot}]$ and $R_{rem}=10.764$ km, whereas the mass of the enclosed SuSu-core is $\mathcal{M}_{core}=1.7 \mathcal{M}_{\odot}.$ Here, about $1/2~ \mathcal{M}_{core}$ is an energy enhancement triggered by the phase transition of the gluon-quark-plasma from the microscopic into macroscopic scale. The current compactness of the remnant is $α_c = 0.918,$ but predicted to increase as the CDM and cools down, rendering the remnant an invisible dark energy object, and therefore to an excellent black hole candidate.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
An Economic Analysis of the Potential Influence of Carbon Credits on Farm Management Practices
Creators: name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Joseph, Stanley
name: Kay, Beverly D.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Weersink, Alfons
name: Joseph, Stanley
name: Kay, Beverly D.
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Farm Management

description: The objective of the 1997 Kyoto agreement was to limit greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions among signatory countries and thereby slow global warming. Under the agreement, Canada has committed itself to reduce GHGs over the next decade by 6 percent from estimated 1990 levels. Debate has now begun on the appropriate government policies that will induce the desired GHG reductions. Regulations could be in the form of direct controls or economic incentives, such as a subsidy/tax system or an emission trading system. The success of the U.S. emission market for SO2 (Schmalenseeet al., 1998) has generated growing interest in the use of a similar market mechanism for carbon (Holmes and Friedman, 2000). The existence of a carbon credit market presents the agricultural sector with another potential revenue source (Sandor and Skees, 1999). While agriculture contributes approximately 10 percent of Canada’s greenhouse gas emissions, it also has the potential to sequester carbon through strategies such as zero tillage, reduced summer fallow and improved grazing. These sequestration activities could be incorporated into an emission trading system and create a “carbon credit” for each unit of CO2 that is removed from the atmosphere. Firms with high emission reduction costs could then buy these credits rather than bear the large abatement costs associated with reducing their GHG emission levels. The perception is that the marginal cost of abatement for agriculture is less than that for other sectors (McCarl and Schneider, 2000). Thus, farmers may be able to profit by selling credits for activities that sequester carbon. An example of such a transaction was the purchase of carbon credits from Iowa farmers who adopted no-till by a consortium of Canadian energy companies (GEMCO) (Lessiter, 1999). Whether the development of a carbon credit market will affect the management decisions of an Ontario crop farmer isthe focus of this study.
Firm-level Forces Underlying Concentration in Agriculture
Creators: name: Mussell, Al
name: Martin, Larry J.
name: Mussell, Al
name: Martin, Larry J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Although industry concentration in agriculture has a long history, the analysis of concentration and normative recommendations on it are a source of ongoing controversy in agricultural economics. The received approaches to the study of industry concentration are based on the structure-conduct-performance model or on the “new” empirical industrial organization literature which explicitly models competitive behaviour. However, each of these approaches wants for analysis of the specific firm-level decision processes that produce its predicted outcome. An alternative approach is to analyze the internal motivations for vertical and horizontal integration that exist within firms and that ultimately result in market concentration. From this perspective, market concentration results from more than simply competition among firms for economic rents.
New tool for extraction of $^{187}$Os Mössbauer parameters with biologically relevant detection sensitivity
Creators: name: Stepanenko, Iryna
name: Huang, Zhishuo
name: Ungur, Liviu
name: Bessas, Dimitrios
name: Chumakov, Aleksandr
name: Sergueev, Ilya
name: Büchel, Gabriel E.
name: Al-Kahtani, Abdullah A.
name: Chibotaru, Liviu
name: Telser, Joshua
name: Arion, Vladimir B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large number of osmium complexes with osmium in different oxidation states (II, III, IV, VI) have been reported recently to exhibit good antiproliferative activity in cancer cell lines. Herein, we demonstrate new opportunities offered by $^{187}$Os nuclear forward scattering (NFS) and nuclear inelastic scattering (NIS) of synchrotron radiation for characterization of hyperfine interactions and lattice dynamics in a benchmark Os(VI) complex K$_2$[OsO$_2$(OH)$_4$], by accurate extraction of Mössbauer parameters and the determination of Os-projected density of phonon states confirmed by first-principles phonon calculations. The values of isomer shift ($δ$ = 3.3(1) mm/s) relative to [Os$^{IV}$ Cl$_{6}$]$^{2-}$ and quadrupole splitting ($ΔE_Q$ = 12.0(2) mm/s) were determined with NFS, while the Lamb-Mössbauer factor (0.55(1)), the density of phonon states (DOS), and a full thermodynamics characterization was carried out using the NIS data combined with first principle theoretical calculations. In more general terms, this study provides strong evidence that $^{187}$Os nuclear resonance scattering is a reliable technique for the investigation of hyperfine interactions and Os specific vibrations in osmium(VI) species, which might be potentially applicable for measuring such interactions in osmium complexes of other oxidation states, including those with anticancer activity such as Os(III) and Os(IV).
description: 21 pages, 3 figures
Smart objects: come il digitale organizza la nostra vita
Creators: name: Crescimanno, Emanuele
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2014

description: Computer, tablet, smartphone are the most important everyday objects in our life because we made experiences by them; they run due to their software: so it is necessary to understand it, his form, his design and his tradeoffs to understand the role of these objects and the possibilities of a conscious use of them.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Everyday Objects
Indirect Effects of Pesticide Regulation and the Food Quality Protection Act
Creators: name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Sunding, David L.
name: Swoboda, Aaron
name: Zilberman, David
name: Cash, Sean B.
name: Sunding, David L.
name: Swoboda, Aaron
name: Zilberman, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A driving factor behind pesticide regulation in Canada and the United States is the desire to protect consumers from harmful residues on food. The Food Quality Protection Act (FQPA) was unanimously passed by the U.S. Congress in 1996 and hailed as a landmark piece of pesticide legislation. It amended the Federal Insecticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) and the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act (FFDCA), and focused on new ways to determine and mitigate the adverse health effects of pesticides. The FQPA is different from past legislation; it is based on the understanding that pesticides can have cumulative effects on people and that policy should be designed to protect the most vulnerable segments of the population. Recent research has investigated some of the impacts the FQPA’s provisions – many of which have yet to be fully implemented – may have on growers and consumers.
Additional file 1 of Surgical intra- and extra-articular anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Xiangyun Cheng
name: Liu, Fanxiao
name: Dongsheng Zhou
name: Paulus, Alexander C.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
Evaluating Consumer Response to GM Foods: Some Methodological Considerations
Creators: name: Marks, Leonie A.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
name: Vickner, Steven S.
name: Marks, Leonie A.
name: Kalaitzandonakes, Nicholas G.
name: Vickner, Steven S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Consumer/Household Economics
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: In 1998 the European Union placed a moratorium on the planting of transgenic crops within its borders. The resulting ban on biotech crops has led to the current trans-Atlantic trade dispute between the United States and the EU. At the heart of this dispute is the issue of consumer acceptance. The EU’s current position is predicated on perceived public concerns about biotech foods which found a voice in numerous opinion polls conducted during the late 1990s (e.g., European Commission, 1997, 2000). Such concerns have also been amplified by intense media coverage and resulting political activism. Given the pivotal role that consumer opinion has played in recent EU policy, an understanding of how consumers value biotech foods is critical to informed policymaking. To date three main approaches have been used to gauge how consumers might respond to genetically modified (GM) foods if they were labeled as such. Opinion or attitudinal surveys are one approach. Two other approaches that are also being used are choice experiments and experimental (auction) market methods. This paper provides a brief overview of each approach, their predictions regarding consumer willingness to pay(WTP) for biotech foods, and their potential advantages and pitfalls in predicting actual consumer behavior in the market place.
Finite Element Approximation of Finite Deformation Dislocation Mechanics
Creators: name: Arora, Rajat
name: Zhang, Xiaohan
name: Acharya, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop and demonstrate the first general computational tool for finite deformation static and dynamic dislocation mechanics. A finite element formulation of finite deformation (Mesoscale) Field Dislocation Mechanics theory is presented. The model is a minimal enhancement of classical crystal/$J_2$ plasticity that fundamentally accounts for polar/excess dislocations at the mesoscale. It has the ability to compute the static and dynamic finite deformation stress fields of arbitrary (evolving) dislocation distributions in finite bodies of arbitrary shape and elastic anisotropy under general boundary conditions. This capability is used to present a comparison of the static stress fields, at finite and small deformations, for screw and edge dislocations, revealing heretofore unexpected differences. The computational framework is verified against the sharply contrasting predictions of geometrically linear and nonlinear theories for the stress field of a spatially homogeneous dislocation distribution in the body, as well as against other exact results of the theory. Verification tests of the time-dependent numerics are also presented. Size effects in crystal and isotropic versions of the theory are shown to be a natural consequence of the model and are validated against available experimental data. With inertial effects incorporated, the development of an (asymmetric) propagating Mach cone is demonstrated in the finite deformation theory when a dislocation moves at speeds greater than the linear elastic shear wave speed of the material.
Additional file 1 of Gonococcal resistance can be viewed productively as part of a syndemic of antimicrobial resistance: an ecological analysis of 30 European countries
Creators: name: Kenyon, Chris
name: Sheeba S. Manoharan-Basil
name: Dijck, Christophe Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1 Figure S1. Fluoroquinolone (FQ) consumption and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to fluoroquinolones in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) and Escherichia coli (Ec) in 30 European countries. Figure S2. Macrolide consumption and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance to azithromycin in Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng) and macrolides in Streptococcus pneumoniae (Sp) in 30 European countries.
Inter-facing Everydayness. From Distance to Use, Through the Cartographic Paradigm
Creators: name: Iannilli, Gioia Laura
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2014

description: In this paper, after a brief historical overview, we will make a programmatic and paradigmatic comparison through analogy, between cartography and design. These two subjects both share three fundamental characteristics: a captivating appearance, usefulness, and also are ubiquitous in everyday life. This is particularly evident nowadays in mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets that are featured with a touchscreen technology. The paradigmaticity of such a comparison stands in the planning, and organizational quality, common to the two above mentioned subject areas. We will maintain that such a quality creates new aesthetics horizons, made possible as a result of great usability, functionality and interactivity. These features are achieved through the interdisciplinary cooperation between a careful design activity and a formal organization of symbols. These materialize into what we claim to be the «pass key» to this new kind of aesthetic experience rooted in the everyday and marked by immediacy: the interface.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 7 No. 1 (2014): Everyday Objects
When Deep Learning Meets Smart Contracts
Creators: name: Gao, Zhipeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ethereum has become a widely used platform to enable secure, Blockchain-based financial and business transactions. However, many identified bugs and vulnerabilities in smart contracts have led to serious financial losses, which raises serious concerns about smart contract security. Thus, there is a significant need to better maintain smart contract code and ensure its high reliability. In this research: (1) Firstly, we propose an automated deep learning based approach to learn structural code embeddings of smart contracts in Solidity, which is useful for clone detection, bug detection and contract validation on smart contracts. We apply our approach to more than 22K solidity contracts collected from the Ethereum blockchain, results show that the clone ratio of solidity code is at around 90%, much higher than traditional software. We collect a list of 52 known buggy smart contracts belonging to 10 kinds of common vulnerabilities as our bug database. Our approach can identify more than 1000 clone related bugs based on our bug databases efficiently and accurately. (2) Secondly, according to developers' feedback, we have implemented the approach in a web-based tool, named SmartEmbed, to facilitate Solidity developers for using our approach. Our tool can assist Solidity developers to efficiently identify repetitive smart contracts in the existing Ethereum blockchain, as well as checking their contract against a known set of bugs, which can help to improve the users' confidence in the reliability of the contract. We optimize the implementations of SmartEmbed which is sufficient in supporting developers in real-time for practical uses. The Ethereum ecosystem as well as the individual Solidity developer can both benefit from our research.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1908.08615, arXiv:2001.07125
title: Auteurs positivistes et autorité affective : la pitié tragique dans Germinie Lacerteux (Jules et Edmond de Goncourt, 1864)
Creators: name: Hettich, Katja
Publisher: name: Savoirs en prisme
Year: 2020

description: Cet article examine les stratégies narratives utilisées pour provoquer la pitié du lecteur dans Germinie Lacerteux de Jules et Edmond de Goncourt. Il vise à montrer que les auteurs du roman s’appuient sur des effets émotionnels pour imposer une certaine attitude morale envers leur héroïne, tout en assurant leur autorité littéraire à un moment historique dominé par l’idéal du positivisme scientifique.
description: Savoirs en prisme, No. 03 (2014): La vie des normes
C++11/14 Mutation Operators Based on Common Fault Patterns
Creators: name: Parsai, Ali
name: Demeyer, Serge
name: De Busser, Seph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The C++11/14 standard offers a wealth of features aimed at helping programmers write better code. Unfortunately, some of these features may cause subtle programming faults, likely to go unnoticed during code reviews. In this paper we propose four new mutation operators for C++11/14 based on common fault patterns, which allow to verify whether a unit test suite is capable of testing against such faults. We validate the relevance of the proposed mutation operators by performing a case study on seven real-life software systems.