cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wilson-'t Hooft operators in four-dimensional gauge theories and S-duality
Creators: name: Kapustin, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study operators in four-dimensional gauge theories which are localized on a straight line, create electric and magnetic flux, and in the UV limit break the conformal invariance in the minimal possible way. We call them Wilson-'t Hooft operators, since in the purely electric case they reduce to the well-known Wilson loops, while in general they may carry 't Hooft magnetic flux. We show that to any such operator one can associate a maximally symmetric boundary condition for gauge fields on AdS^2\times S^2. We show that Wilson-'t Hooft operators are classifed by a pair of weights (electric and magnetic) for the gauge group and its magnetic dual, modulo the action of the Weyl group. If the magnetic weight does not belong to the coroot lattice of the gauge group, the corresponding operator is topologically nontrivial (carries nonvanishing 't Hooft magnetic flux). We explain how the spectrum of Wilson-'t Hooft operators transforms under the shift of the theta-angle by 2π. We show that, depending on the gauge group, either SL(2,Z) or one of its congruence subgroups acts in a natural way on the set of Wilson-'t Hooft operators. This can be regarded as evidence for the S-duality of N=4 super-Yang-Mills theory. We also compute the one-point function of the stress-energy tensor in the presence of a Wilson-'t Hooft operator at weak coupling.
description: 32 pages, latex. v2: references added. v3: numerical factors corrected, other minor changes
Thermodynamics of an ideal generalized gas: I Thermodynamic laws
Creators: name: Lavenda, B. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations of state for an ideal generalized gas, like an ideal quantum gas, are expressed in terms of power laws of the temperature. The reduction of an ideal generalized gas to an ideal classical case occurs when the characteristic empirical temperature exponents in the thermal equation of state and in the absolute temperature coincide in contrast to the merger of an ideal quantum gas with an ideal classical gas in the high temperature limit. A corollary to Carnot's theorem is proved asserting that the ratio of the work done over a cycle to the heat absorbed to increase the temperature at constant volume is the same for all bodies at the same volume. As power means, the energy and entropy are incomparable and a new adiabatic potential is introduced by showing that the volume raised to a characteristic exponent is also the integrating factor for the quantity of heat so that the second law can be based on the property that power means are monotonically increasing functions of their order.
description: 7 pages
title: The continuous downgrading of malnutrition in the German DRG system
title: possible effects on the treatment of patients at risk for malnutrition
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Stollhof, Laura E.
name: Braun, Jessica M.
name: Ihle, Christoph
name: Schreiner, Anna J.
name: Kufeldt, Johannes
name: Adolph, Michael
name: Wintermeyer, Elke
name: Stöckle, Ulrich
name: Nüssler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Malnutrition
subject: G-DRG
subject: Activity reimbursement
subject: NRS
subject: 610

description: It has been internationally recognized that malnutrition is an independent risk factor for patients' clinical outcome. A new mandatory fixed price payment system based on diagnosis-related groups (G-DRG) went into effect in 2004. The aim of our study was to demonstrate the importance of carefully coding the secondary diagnosis of "malnutrition" in the G-DRG system and to highlight how the economic relevance of malnutrition in the G-DRG system has changed from 2014 to 2016. 1372 inpatient s at the Berufsgenossenschaftliche Unfallklinik (Trauma Center) in Tübingen were screened for the risk of malnutrition using Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS-2002). Patient data were compared with the NRS values collected during the study and a case simulation was carried out separately for each year. We used the codes E44.0 fo r NRS = 3 and E43.0 for NRS > 3. The ICD codes were entered as an additional secondary diagnosis in the in ternal hospital accounting system DIACOS to determine possible changes in the effective weight. In 2014 the highest additional revenue by far was calculated by coding malnutrition. For the 638 patients enrolled in the study in 2014, we were able to calculate an average additional revenue per patient coded with malnourishment of €107. In 2016, we were unable to calculate any additional revenue for the 149 patients enrolled. Although it is well known that malnutrition is an independent risk factor for poor patient outcomes, nationwide screening for a risk of malnutrition when patients are admitted to a hospital is still not required. For this reason, malnutrition in German hospitals continues to be insufficiently documented . Due to the continuous downgrading of diagnosis-related se verity (CCL) of malnutrition in the G-DRG system in trauma surgery patients, it is no longer possible to refi nance the costs incurred by malnourished patients through the conscientious coding of malnutrition. We assume that the indirect positive effects of nutritional interventions will have to be taken into account more in the costing calculations and possibly lead to indirect cost compensation.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
THE EFFECT OF FOOD STAMPS ON SPENDING FOR GROCERY PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Binkley, James K.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Binkley, James K.
name: Eales, James S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: We constructed demographic profiles of each market area by aggregating circa-1990 county US census data. We constructed a measure for market level food stamp benefits using 1990 county-level food stamp benefit data supplied by the USDA. This is the key explanatory variable in regressions in which sales of many specific foods and food aggregates are regressed on food stamp benefits and a large number of demographics, including a measure of poverty. The percent of grocery sales accounted for by food stamps ranged from less than two in the Boston area to more than ten in Shreveport. The primary interest is to evaluate the extent to which differences in food stamp usage across market areas alters the relative sales of grocery products. Because food stamps are a food-specific increase in income, we might expect a shift into more desirable, income-elastic grocery categories, perhaps more nutritious ones. We examine major food categories and find effects in the expected direction, in some cases significant. Focusing on nutrition, we examine sales of particular cereal brands, for which we have detailed sales and nutrition content data. No strong impacts are found. The second interest is the food buying habits of low income buyers in general and food stamp users in particular. It is commonly felt that low income households are necessarily more adroit food shoppers and will tend to buy more economical versions of their choices. However, there is little evidence of this. Indeed, it has been repeatedly found that low income buyers are less likely to substitute private labels goods for their branded counterparts. We study the role of food stamp and poverty in differences across markets on private label share of 71 grocery categories. A recent study by Gundersen and Oliveira might suggest that food stamp users are more likely to watch the food budget than are low income nonusers, suggesting different effects. Essentially this is what is found, for the ceteris paribus impact of poverty is to reduce sales of private label products, but if anything those using food stamps tend to buy them.
Ανοικτή επιστήμη και σχολείο: ανιχνεύοντας τις απόψεις και τις στάσεις των εκπαιδευτικών της πρωτοβάθμιας και της δευτεροβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης
Creators: name: Μητρέλης, Άγγελος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ανοικτή Πρόσβαση
subject: Open Access
subject: Creative Commons
subject: Ανοικτή επιστήμη
subject: Ανοικτά εκπαιδευτικά αποθετήρια
subject: Ανοικτοί εκπαιδευτικοί πόροι
subject: Άδειες κοινής χρήσης
subject: Πρωτοβάθμια εκπαίδευση
subject: Δευτεροβάθμια εκπαίδευση
subject: Open science
subject: Open educational resourses repositories
subject: Open educational resourses
subject: Primary education
subject: Secondary education

description: Στην καρδιά του κινήματος της Ανοικτής Επιστήμης βρίσκεται η απλή και ισχυρή ιδέα ότι η γνώση του κόσμου είναι δημόσιο αγαθό και ότι η τεχνολογία γενικά και ο Παγκόσμιος Ιστός ειδικότερα παρέχουν μια εξαιρετική ευκαιρία σε όλους να μοιράζονται, να χρησιμοποιούν και να επαναχρησιμοποιούν αυτή τη γνώση. Το υλικό αυτό, το οποίο βρίσκεται σε ανοικτά εκπαιδευτικά αποθετήρια παρέχει στους χρήστες το πνευματικό κεφάλαιο για να τους βοηθήσουν να κατανοήσουν και να χρησιμοποιήσουν όλο το περιεχόμενο του Ιστού. Σε συνθήκες επιδημίας και περιορισμού, το επάγγελμα του εκπαιδευτικού γνώρισε πρωτόγνωρες προκλήσεις, τις οποίες έπρεπε να αντιμετωπίσει άμεσα και εκτός του καθημερινού του επαγγελματικού χώρου. Εκπαιδευτικοί έπρεπε να αναπτύξουν εκπαιδευτικό υλικό για άμεση χρήση από ένα ευρύ αριθμό μαθητών. Κάτω από αυτές τις συνθήκες έγινε κατανοητή η αξία της ανοικτότητας στην πρόσβαση και στην επιστήμη. Όμως πόσοι γνωρίζουν το συγκριμένο πλαίσιο και πόσοι ήδη έχουν ενστερνιστεί τις αρχές της. Η παρούσα εργασία επιδιώκει μέσα από την εφαρμογή μιας ποσοτικής έρευνας να διαλευκάνει αν οι εκπαιδευτικοί γνωρίζουν τον χώρο της ανοικτής επιστήμης και της ανοικτής πρόσβασης και αν η παρακολούθηση ενός εκπαιδευτικού προγράμματος, μπορεί να συντελέσει αποτελεσματικά στην μεταβολή της στάσης τους. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα της έρευνας η γνώση των εννοιών αποτελεί και κίνητρο για την εφαρμογή των αρχών της ανοικτής επιστήμης.
Physicochemical and cytotoxicity analysis of green synthesis carbon dots for cell imaging
Creators: name: Fatahi, Zahra
name: Esfandiari, Neda
name: Ehtesabi, Hamide
name: Bagheri​, Zeinab
name: Tavana, Hossein
name: Ranjbar, Zahra
name: Latifi, Hamid
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Carbon dots
subject: Bitter orange
subject: Imaging
subject: Cytotoxicity
subject: 610

description: Carbon dots (CDs) have outstanding optical properties, biocompatibility, and photostability, making them attractive for imaging applications. A facile and green one-step hydrothermal synthesis method is proposed, which can be safely used in a wide range of applications such as chemical sensing, bioimaging, and optoelectronics. In this study, we report green synthesis of carbon dots from bitter orange juice (Citrus Aurantium) by hydrothermal treatment for the first time. We studied effects of time, temp erature, and pH on fluorescence of CDs, characterized them using various spectroscopic and microscopic methods, and evaluated their toxicity to different cell lines. Identifying an optimum reaction condition of 180 ºC for 7 h heating gave CDs that showed pH-dependent fluorescence, with the largest fluorescence at a pH of 7.0. The CDs were 1-2 nm in size with a spherical morphology and negative surface charge. The CDs showed a high quantum yield of 19.9 %, reasonable photostability, excellent water solubility, and long fluorescence lifetime. A one step hydrothermal rout led to various hydrophilic functional groups on the surface of the CDs. Our results showed that the CDs were non-toxic over a large concentration range and effective for imaging of cells, indicating their potential as imaging probes in medical diagnostics and biosensor applications.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18. 2019
Decay to the nonequilibrium steady state of the thermal diffusion in a tilted periodic potential
Creators: name: Monnai, T.
name: Sugita, A.
name: Hirashima, J.
name: Nakamura, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate asymptotic decay phenomenon towards the nonequilibrium steady state of the thermal diffusion in the presence of a tilted periodic potential. The parameter dependence of the decay rate is revealed by investigating the Fokker-Planck (FP) equation in the low temperature case under the spatially periodic boundary condition (PBC). We apply the WKB method to the associated Schrödinger equation. While eigenvalues of the non-Hermitian FP operator are complex in general, in a small tilting case the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues are almost vanishing. Then the Schrödinger equation is solved with PBC. The decay rate is analyzed in the context of quantum tunneling through a triple-well effective periodic potential. In a large tilting case, the imaginary parts of the eigenvalues of FP operator are crucial. We apply the complex-valued WKB method to the Schrödinger equation with the absorbing boundary condition, finding that the decay rate saturates and depends only on the temperature, the potential periodicity and the viscous constant. The intermediate tilting case is also explored. The analytic results agree well with the numerical data for a wide range of tilting.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
iRead4Skills - Complexity Levels
Creators: name: Monteiro, Ricardo
name: Amaro, Raquel
name: Correia, Susana
name: Pintard, Alice
name: Gauchola, Roser
name: Moutinho, Michell
name: Blanco Escoda, Xavier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Complexity Levels
Education
Skills
Literacy
Adult Skills
Language

description: The iRead4Skills project introduces an intelligent reading system to aid low-literacy adult native speakers by assessing text complexity and suggesting suitable readings. This report outlines our approach to understanding text complexity, reviewing existing frameworks, and developing our own. It's structured into key sections: Section 2 examines text complexity dimensions and assessment methods. Section 3 describes our guiding tools and frameworks. Section 4 details our methodology for defining complexity levels, including descriptors for French (FR), Portuguese (PT), and Spanish (SP), validated by Adult Learning (AL) and Vocational Educational Training (VET) experts. The report culminates with finalized complexity level descriptions for the iRead4Skills project.
Popper's falsification and corroboration from the statistical perspectives
Creators: name: Lee, Youngjo
name: Pawitan, Yudi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The role of probability appears unchallenged as the key measure of uncertainty, used among other things for practical induction in the empirical sciences. Yet, Popper was emphatic in his rejection of inductive probability and of the logical probability of hypotheses; furthermore, for him, the degree of corroboration cannot be a probability. Instead he proposed a deductive method of testing. In many ways this dialectic tension has many parallels in statistics, with the Bayesians on logico-inductive side vs the non-Bayesians or the frequentists on the other side. Simplistically Popper seems to be on the frequentist side, but recent synthesis on the non-Bayesian side might direct the Popperian views to a more nuanced destination. Logical probability seems perfectly suited to measure partial evidence or support, so what can we use if we are to reject it? For the past 100 years, statisticians have also developed a related concept called likelihood, which has played a central role in statistical modelling and inference. Remarkably, this Fisherian concept of uncertainty is largely unknown or at least severely under-appreciated in non-statistical literature. As a measure of corroboration, the likelihood satisfies the Popperian requirement that it is not a probability. Our aim is to introduce the likelihood and its recent extension via a discussion of two well-known logical fallacies in order to highlight that its lack of recognition may have led to unnecessary confusion in our discourse about falsification and corroboration of hypotheses. We highlight the 100 years of development of likelihood concepts. The year 2021 will mark the 100-year anniversary of the likelihood, so with this paper we wish it a long life and increased appreciation in non-statistical literature.
FARM SUCCESSION PLANS AND ACTUAL BEHAVIOUR: EVIDENCE FROM A HOUSEHOLD SURVEY AND CENSUS DATA
Creators: name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Tietje, Hendrik
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
name: Glauben, Thomas
name: Tietje, Hendrik
name: Weiss, Christoph R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Farm Management

description: This study examines family farms and characteristics affecting farm succession. Based on a farm survey, three aspects of succession are analysed in the paper: the probability of family succession; the likelihood of having a successor designated; and the timing of succession. Large and specialised farms are more likely to be transferred within the family and to have appointed a successor. The number of family members, as well as the experience of farm operator, is also significantly related to the succession behaviour. The probabilities of succession, and of having a successor, first increase with age and then decline again. Furthermore, timing of succession is delayed as the farm holder ages, suggesting most farm operator's succession plans to be inconsistent over time. In addition, we find a significant interrelationship between the different aspects of succession indicating that decisions on family succession, the designation of a successor, as well as the timing of succession, are not separable.
Opportunities of Optical Spectrum for Future Wireless Communications
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Mostafa Zaman
name: Hasan, Moh Khalid
name: Shahjalal, Md
name: Shin, Eun Bi
name: Jang, Yeong Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The requirements in terms of service quality such as data rate, latency, power consumption, number of connectivity of future fifth-generation (5G) communication is very high. Moreover, in Internet of Things (IoT) requires massive connectivity. Optical wireless communication (OWC) technologies such as visible light communication, light fidelity, optical camera communication, and free space optical communication can effectively serve for the successful deployment of 5G and IoT. This paper clearly presents the contributions of OWC networks for 5G and IoT solutions.
description: 2019 International Conference on Artificial Intelligence in Information and Communication (ICAIIC)
New High-Redshift Galaxies at $z$ = 5.8 - 6.5 in the Subaru Deep Field
Creators: name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Ajiki, Masaru
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Murayama, Takashi
name: Sasaki, Shunji
name: Sumiya, Ryoko
name: Hatakeyama, Yuichiro
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to search for high-redshift galaxies around $z \sim 6$ in the Subaru Deep Field, we have investigated NB816-dropout galaxies where NB816 is the narrowband filter centered at 815nm with FWHM of 12.5 nm for the Suprime-Cam on the Subaru Telescope. Since the NB816 imaging is so deep we can detect 10 well-defined NB816-dropout galaxies that we identify to lie at $z$ = 5.8 -- 6.5. We discuss their observational properties.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, PASJ, Vol.57, No.4, in press
Curvaton reheating in tachyonic braneworld inflation
Creators: name: Campuzano, Cuauhtemoc
name: del Campo, Sergio
name: Herrera, Ramon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The curvaton reheating in a tachyonic braneworld inflationary universe model with an exponential potential is studied. We have found that the energy density in the kinetic epoch, has a complicated dependencies of the scale factor. For different scenarios the temperature of reheating is computed, finding an upper limit that lies in the range $10^{14}$--$10^{16}$GeV.
description: 6 pages
Immunoregulatory, proliferative and anti-oxidant effects of nanocurcuminoids on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
Creators: name: Yousefi, Forouzan
name: Lavi Arab, Fahimeh
name: Jaafari, Mahmoud Reza
name: Rastin, Maryam
name: Tabasi, Nafiseh
name: Hatamipour, Mahdi
name: Nikkhah, Karim
name: Mahmoudi, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Immunoregulatory
subject: Antioxidant
subject: Nanocurcuminoids
subject: Adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells
subject: 610

description: Curcuminoids are dietary complexes extracted from the seeds of Curcuma longa L. that contain curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin and desmethoxycurcumin. Curcuminoids are popular for their pleiotropic therapeutic functions, such as their anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. Nonetheless, their clinical use is associated with poor systemic bioavailability and insolubility. The nano-formulation of curcuminoids eliminates these shortcomings. In the present study, we explored immunoregulatory, proliferative and anti-oxidant effects of nanocurcuminoids on adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AT-MSCs). Flow cytometry analysis and MTT assay were employed to explore the effects of nanocurcuminoids on the apoptosis and proliferation of adipose-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs). The anti-oxidant effect of nanocurcuminoids on AT-MSCs also was examined. The immune regulatory effect of nanocurcuminoids was evaluated by the flow cytometric measurement of the T regulatory (Treg) population. The expression of inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines was quantified using real-time PCR. Our findings demonstrate that low concentrations of nanocurcuminoids are beneficial for MSC proliferation, protection of MSCs from apoptosis, reducing inflammatory cytokines and SOD activity. A high concentration of nanocurcuminoids increases the population of Tregs and elevates the expression of TGFβ and FOXP3 genes. The beneficial effects of nanocurcuminoids on AT-MSCs were mainly observed at low doses of nanocurcuminoids.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Effects of Mn and Ti doping on superconductivity and charge ordering in NaxCoO2 system
Creators: name: Shi, Y. G.
name: Yang, H. X.
name: Liu, X.
name: Ma, W. J.
name: Nie, C. J.
name: Huang, W. W.
name: Li, J. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconductivity in Na0.3Co1-xMxO2.1.3H2O and the charge ordering in Na0.5Co1-xMxO2 have been investigated for M = Mn and Ti substituting for Co. We have first successfully synthesized the single-phase Na0.7Co1-xMxO2(M= Mn and Ti) materials with 0 < = x < = 0.1, then we obtained Na0.5Co1-xMxO2 (0 < = x < = 0.1, M = Mn and Ti) by Na deintercalation and Na0.3Co1-xMxO2.1.3H2O (0 < = x < = 0.1, M = Mn and Ti) by an additional water intercalations. X-ray diffraction measurements revealed that all samples are single-phase materials, their lattice parameters depend systematically on the Ti and Mn contents. Measurements of physical properties indicate that the superconductivity in Na0.3Co1-xMxO2.1.3H2O is suppressed evidently by Co-site doping and killed at x = 0.02 for Mn doping and x = 0.01 for Ti doping. Charge ordering and magnetic properties in Na0.5Co1-xMxO2 were also influenced by M-atom doping.
description: 22 pages, 3 tables, and 6 figures
Classification of chronic myeloid leukemia cell subtypes based on microscopic image analysis
Creators: name: Ghane, Narjes
name: Vard, Alireza
name: Talebi, Ardeshir
name: Nematollahy, Pardis
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML)
subject: Blood cancer
subject: Microscopic image processing
subject: Classification
subject: Decision tree classifier
subject: 610

description: This paper presents a simple and efficient computer-aided diagnosis method to classify Chronic Myeloid Leukemia (CML) cells based on microscopic image processing. In the proposed method, a novel combination of both typical and new features is introduced for cl assification of CML cells. Next, an eff ective decision tree classifier is pro- posed to classify CML cells into eight groups. The proposed method was evaluated on 1730 CML cell images containing 714 cells of non-cancerous bone marrow aspiration and 1016 cells of cancerous peripheral blood smears. The performance of the proposed classification method was compared to manual labels made by two experts. The average values of accuracy , specificity and sensitivity were 99.0 %, 99.4 % and 98.3 %, respectively for all groups of CML. In addition, Cohen's kappa coefficient demonstrated high conformity, 0.99, between joint diagnostic results of two experts and the obtained results of the proposed approach. According to the obtained results, the suggested method has a high capability to cla ssify effective cells of CM L and can be applied as a simple, affordable and reliable computer-aided diagnosis tool to help pathologists to diagnose CML.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Zonally opposing shifts of the intertropical convergence zone in response to climate change
Creators: name: Mamalakis, Antonios
name: Randerson, James T.
name: Yu, Jin-Yi
name: Pritchard, Michael S.
name: Magnusdottir, Gudrun
name: Smyth, Padhraic
name: Levine, Paul A.
name: Yu, Sungduk
name: Foufoula-Georgiou, Efi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future changes in the location of the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) due to climate change are of high interest since they could substantially alter precipitation patterns in the tropics and subtropics. Although models predict a future narrowing of the ITCZ during the 21st century in response to climate warming, uncertainties remain large regarding its future position, with most past work focusing on the zonal-mean ITCZ shifts. Here we use projections from 27 state-of-the-art climate models (CMIP6) to investigate future changes in ITCZ location as a function of longitude and season, in response to climate warming. We document a robust zonally opposing response of the ITCZ, with a northward shift over eastern Africa and the Indian Ocean, and a southward shift in the eastern Pacific and Atlantic Ocean by 2100, for the SSP3-7.0 scenario. Using a two-dimensional energetics framework, we find that the revealed ITCZ response is consistent with future changes in the divergent atmospheric energy transport over the tropics, and sector-mean shifts of the energy flux equator (EFE). The changes in the EFE appear to be the result of zonally opposing imbalances in the hemispheric atmospheric heating over the two sectors, consisting of increases in atmospheric heating over Eurasia and cooling over the Southern Ocean, which contrast with atmospheric cooling over the North Atlantic Ocean due to a model-projected weakening of the Atlantic meridional overturning circulation.
Induction of apoptosis and modulation of homologous recombination DNA repair pathway in prostate cancer cells by the combination of AZD2461 and valproic acid
Creators: name: Sargazi, Saman
name: Saravani, Ramin
name: Zavar Reza, Javad
name: Jaliani, Hossein Zarei
name: Mirinejad, Shekoufeh
name: Rezaei, Zohreh
name: Zarei, Sadegh
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: AZD2461
subject: Drug combination
subject: Prostate cancer
subject: PTEN
subject: Valproic acid
subject: 610

description: Cancer therapies using defects in homologous recombination (HR) DNA repair pathway of tumor cells are not yet approved to be applicable in patients with malignancies other than BRCA1/2-mutated tumors. This study was designed to determine the efficacy of combination therapy of a histone deacetyl ase inhibitor, valproic acid (VPA) and a novel PARP inhibitor AZD2461 in both PC-3 (PTEN-mutated) and DU145 (PTEN-unmutated) prostate cancer cell lines. The Trypan blue dye exclusion assay an d the tetrazolium-based colorimetric (MTT) assay were performed to measure the cytotoxicity while combination effects were assessed based on Chou-Talalay's princi- ples. Flow-cytometric assay determined the type of cell deat h. The real-time PCR analysis was used to evaluate the alterations in mRNA levels of HR-related genes while their protein levels were measured using the ELISA method. γ -H2AX levels were determined as a marker of DNA damage. We observed a synergistic relationship between VPA and AZD2461 in all affected fractions of PC-3 cells (CI<0.9), but not in DU145 cells (CI>1.1). Annexin-V staining analysis revealed a significant induction of apoptosis when PC-3 cells were treated with VPA+AZD2461 ( p<0.05 ). Both mRNA and protein levels of Rad51 and Mre11 were significantly decreased in PC-3 cells co-treated with VPA+AZD2461 while enhanced H2AX phosphorylation was found in PC-3 cells after 12 and 24 hours of co-treatment ( p<0.05 ). Our findings established a preclinical rationale for selective targeting of HR repair pathways by a combination of VPA and AZD2461 as a mechanism for reducing the HR pathway sufficiency in PTEN -mutated prostate cancer cells.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
Web-based scientific exploration and analysis of 3D scanned cuneiform datasets for collaborative research
Creators: name: Fisseler, Denis
name: Müller, Gerfrid G. W.
name: Weichert, Frank
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cuneiform
subject: 3D viewer
subject: WebGL
subject: Hittitology
subject: 3D collation
subject: 004
subject: Keilschrift
subject: WebGL
subject: Hethitologie

description: The three-dimensional cuneiform script is one of the oldest known writing systems and a central object of research in Ancient Near Eastern Studies and Hittitology. An important step towards the understanding of the cuneiform script is the provision of opportunities and tools for joint analysis. This paper presents an approach that contributes to this challenge: a collaborative compatible web-based scientific exploration and analysis of 3D scanned cuneiform fragments. The WebGL -based concept incorporates methods for compressed web-based content delivery of large 3D datasets and high quality visualization. To maximize accessibility and to promote acceptance of 3D techniques in the field of Hittitology, the introduced concept is integrated into the Hethitologie-Portal Mainz, an established leading online research resource in the field of Hittitology, which until now exclusively included 2D content. The paper shows that increasing the availability of 3D scanned archaeological data through a web-based interface can provide significant scientific value while at the same time finding a trade-off between copyright induced restrictions and scientific usability.
description: Informatics;Jg.: 4, Heft: 4 | S. 44-1-44-16
title: Μελέτη των ροπών του χρόνου χρεοκοπίας στο κλασικό πρότυπο της θεωρίας κινδύνων
title: A study of the moments for the time until ruin in the classical risk model
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μαρμαρίδης, Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ruin time
subject: Moments
subject: Classical model of risk theory
subject: Διαχείριση κινδύνου
subject: Θεωρία χρεοκοπίας

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία επιχειρείται η μελέτη των ροπών του χρόνου χρεοκοπίας στο κλασικό πρότυπο της θεωρίας κινδύνων. Η ανάλυση των κατανομών της περιόδου της χρεοκοπίας, του πλεονάσματος πριν από την περίοδο της χρεοκοπίας, καθώς και του ελλείμματος κατά την περίοδο της χρεοκοπίας, έχει αποτελέσει αντικείμενο σημαντικού ερευνητικού ενδιαφέροντος. Ο προσδιορισμός αυτών των κατανομών είναι δύσκολος, δεδομένου ότι στις περισσότερες περιπτώσεις δεν υπάρχουν αναλυτικές εκφράσεις. Επιπλέον, δεν υπάρχουν γενικά λύσεις κλειστής μορφής για τις ροπές αυτών των κατανομών. Έχουν χρησιμοποιηθεί διάφορες προσεγγίσεις για τη μελέτη των πιθανολογικών ιδιοτήτων αυτών των κατανομών. Στην εργασία αρχικά αναλύεται η θεωρία του συλλογικού μοντέλου, καταλήγοντας στις αναδρομικές μεθόδους του Panjer για τον υπολογισμό της κατανομής των συνολικών αποζημιώσεων, ενώ στη συνέχεια πραγματοποιείται η ανάλυση της θεωρίας της χρεοκοπίας, παρουσιάζοντας ορισμένες εφαρμογές εύρεσης του συντελεστή προσαρμογής για την κατανομή της οικογένειας αποζημιώσεων Erlang. Οι ουρές των σύνθετων γεωμετρικών κατανομών έχουν μελετηθεί εκτενώς τόσο αναλυτικά όσο και αριθμητικά. Συγκεκριμένα, υπάρχουν αναδρομικοί τύποι (Panjer & Willmot, 1992), όπως και τα άνω και κάτω όρια (Lin, 1996), ενώ μερικές φορές υπάρχουν ακριβείς λύσεις (Dufresne & Gerber, 1988). Επίσης, διατίθεται ο γνωστός ασυμπτωτικός τύπος Cramer-Lundberg (Gerber, 1979). Για μια μεγάλη κατηγορία κατανομών μεγέθους απαίτησης, η ουρά της συσχετισμένης σύνθετης γεωμετρικής κατανομής μπορεί να προσεγγιστεί πολύ ικανοποιητικά με ένα συνδυασμό δύο, ή περισσοτέρων, εκθετικών κατανομών. Έτσι, στην εργασία αναλύονται οι δεσμευμένες ροπές του χρόνου χρεοκοπίας, μέσω της σύγκρισης των κατανομών ισορροπίας και σύνθετων γεωμετρικών ουρών, του υπολογισμού του ελλείμματος τη στιγμή της χρεοκοπίας και συνδυασμού εκθετικών κατανομών μεγεθών αποζημίωσης.
The PAMONO-sensor enables quantification of individual microvesicles and estimation of nanoparticle size distribution
Creators: name: Shpacovitch, Viktoria
name: Sidorenko, Irina
name: Lenssen, Jan Eric
name: Temchura, Vladimir
name: Weichert, Frank
name: Müller, Heinrich
name: Überla, Klaus
name: Zybin, Alexander
name: Schramm, Alexander
name: Hergenröder, Roland
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 004

description: In our recent work, the plasmon assisted microscopy of nano-objects (PAMONO) was successfully employed for the detection and quantification of individual viruses and virus-like particles in aquatic samples (Shpacovitch et al., 2015). Further, we adapted the PAMONO-sensor for the specific detection of individual microvesicles (MVs), which have gained growing interest as potential biomarkers of various physiological and pathological processes. Using MVs derived from human neuroblastoma cell line cells, we demonstrated the ability of the PAMONO-sensor to specifically detect individual MVs. Moreover, we proved the trait of the PAMONO-sensor to perform a swift comparison of relative MV concentrations in two or more samples without a prior sensor calibration. The detection software developed by the authors utilizes novel machine learning techniques for the processing of the sensor image data. Using this software, we demonstrated that nanoparticle size information is evident in the sensor signals and can be extracted from them. These experiments were performed with polystyrene nanoparticles of different sizes. We also suggested a theoretical model explaining the nature of observed signals. Taken together, our findings can serve as a basis for the development of diagnostic tools built on the principles of the PAMONO-sensor.
description: Proceedings / MDPI AG : Jg.: 1, Heft: 8 | S. 744;
SMALLHOLDER INCOME AND LAND DISTRIBUTION IN AFRICA: IMPLICATIONS FOR POVERTY REDUCTION STRATEGIES
Creators: name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Benfica, Rui M.S.
name: Neven, David
name: Chapoto, Antony
name: Zulu, Ballard
name: Jayne, Thomas S.
name: Yamano, Takashi
name: Weber, Michael T.
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Benfica, Rui M.S.
name: Neven, David
name: Chapoto, Antony
name: Zulu, Ballard
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper provides a micro-level foundation for discussions of income and asset allocation within the smallholder sector in Eastern and Southern Africa, and explores the implications of these findings for rural growth and poverty alleviation strategies in the region. Results are drawn from nationally-representative household surveys in five countries between 1990 and 2000: Ethiopia, Kenya, Rwanda, Mozambique, and Zambia. The paper shows that farm sizes in most of Africa are declining over time; that farm sizes are declining at a faster rate for households at the low end of the land size distribution; that Gini coefficient measures indicate that farm sizes within the small-farm sectors are generally more inequitably distributed than in Asia and Latin America at the time of their green revolutions, not even considering the serious additional disparities in land allocation that would result if large-scale farming sectors were to be included in the several case countries having bi-modal land distribution patterns; and that the largest part of the variation in per capita farm sizes within the small-farm sectors is, in every country, predominantly within-village rather than between villages. Realistic discussions of poverty alleviation strategies in Africa need to be grounded in the context of these land distribution patterns and trends. The paper concludes by identifying the implications for poverty alleviation strategies.
Corpus Creation for Sentiment Analysis in Code-Mixed Tamil-English Text
Creators: name: Chakravarthi, Bharathi Raja
name: Muralidaran, Vigneshwaran
name: Priyadharshini, Ruba
name: McCrae, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Understanding the sentiment of a comment from a video or an image is an essential task in many applications. Sentiment analysis of a text can be useful for various decision-making processes. One such application is to analyse the popular sentiments of videos on social media based on viewer comments. However, comments from social media do not follow strict rules of grammar, and they contain mixing of more than one language, often written in non-native scripts. Non-availability of annotated code-mixed data for a low-resourced language like Tamil also adds difficulty to this problem. To overcome this, we created a gold standard Tamil-English code-switched, sentiment-annotated corpus containing 15,744 comment posts from YouTube. In this paper, we describe the process of creating the corpus and assigning polarities. We present inter-annotator agreement and show the results of sentiment analysis trained on this corpus as a benchmark.
Strange Electric Form Factor of the Proton
Creators: name: Leinweber, D. B.
name: Boinepalli, S.
name: Thomas, A. W.
name: Wang, P.
name: Williams, A. G.
name: Young, R. D.
name: Zanotti, J. M.
name: Zhang, J. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining the constraints of charge symmetry with new chiral extrapolation techniques and recent low-mass quenched lattice QCD simulations of the individual quark contributions to the electric charge radii of the baryon octet, we obtain an accurate determination of the strange electric charge radius of the proton. While this analysis provides a value for G_E^s(Q^2=0.1 GeV^2) in agreement with the best current data, the theoretical error is comparable with that expected from future HAPPEx results from JLab. Together with the earlier determination of G_M^s, this result considerably constrains the role of hidden flavor in the structure of the nucleon.
description: Manuscript accepted for publicatoin in Phys. Rev. Lett. 4 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Evaluating an automated number series item generator using linear logistic test models
Creators: name: Loe, Bao Sheng
name: Sun, Luning
name: Simonfy, Filip
name: Doebler, Philipp
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cognitive models
subject: Automatic item generation
subject: Number series
subject: Rasch model
subject: Linear Logistic Test Models
subject: 310

description: This study investigates the item properties of a newly developed Automatic Number Series Item Generator (ANSIG). The foundation of the ANSIG is based on five hypothesised cognitive operators. Thirteen item models were developed using the numGen R package and eleven were evaluated in this study. The 16-item ICAR (International Cognitive Ability Resource1) short form ability test was used to evaluate construct validity. The Rasch Model and two Linear Logistic Test Model(s) (LLTM) were employed to estimate and predict the item parameters. Results indicate that a single factor determines the performance on tests composed of items generated by the ANSIG. Under the LLTM approach, all the cognitive operators were significant predictors of item difficulty. Moderate to high correlations were evident between the number series items and the ICAR test scores, with high correlation found for the ICAR Letter-Numeric-Series type items, suggesting adequate nomothetic span. Extended cognitive research is, nevertheless, essential for the automatic generation of an item pool with predictable psychometric properties.
description: Journal of Intelligence;Jg.: 6, Heft: 2 | S. 20-1-20-25
Optimal Green Taxation with Both Emission and Commodity Taxes
Creators: name: Pitafi, Basharat A.K.
name: Roumasset, James A.
name: Pitafi, Basharat A.K.
name: Roumasset, James A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: Several authors have argued that the second-best environmental tax on a "dirty good" is less than the marginal emission damage associated with its consumption. These studies limit their analysis to cases in which emissions can only be reduced by a proportional reduction of the "dirty" good. With a more general specification of technology that allows emissions to be directly as well as indirectly taxed, we show that the direct emission tax cannot be less than its marginal emission damage, regardless of the normalization.
Disorder in DNA-Linked Gold Nanoparticle Assemblies
Creators: name: Harris, Nolan C.
name: Kiang, Ching-Hwa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report experimental observations on the effect of disorder on the phase behavior of DNA-linked nanoparticle assemblies. Variation in DNA linker lengths results in different melting temperatures of the DNA-linked nanoparticle assemblies. We observed an unusual trend of a non-monotonic ``zigzag'' pattern in the melting temperature as a function of DNAlinker length. Linker DNA resulting in unequal DNA duplex lengths introduces disorder and lowers the melting temperature of the nanoparticle system. Comparison with free DNA thermodynamics shows that such an anomalous zigzag pattern does not exist for free DNA duplex melting, which suggests that the disorder introduced by unequal DNA duplex lengths results in this unusual collective behavior of DNA-linked nanoparticle assemblies.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, Phys.Rev.Lett. (2005), to appear
A search for periodicity in the light curves of selected blazars
Creators: name: Kudryavtseva, N. A.
name: Pyatunina, T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of multifrequency light curves of the sources 2223-052 (3C 446), 2230+114 (CTA 102), and 2251+158 (3C 454.3), which had shown evidence of quasi-periodic activity. The analysis made use of data from the University of Michican Radio Astronomy Observatory (USA) at 4.8, 8, and 14.5 GHz, as well as the Metsahovi Radio Astronomy Observatory (Finland) at 22 and 37 GHz. Application of two different methods (the discrete autocorrelation function and the method of Jurkevich) both revealed evidence for periodicity in the flux variations of these sources at essentially all frequencies. The periods derived for at least two of the sources -- 2223-052 and 2251+158-- are in good agreement with the time interval between the appearance of successive VLBI components. The derived periods for 2251+158 (P = 12.4 yr and 2223-052 (P = 5.8 yr) coincide with the periods found earlier by other authors based on optical light curves.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy Reports
A Quantum Yield Map for Synthetic Eumelanin
Creators: name: Nighswander-Rempel, Stephen
name: Riesz, Jennifer
name: Gilmore, Joel
name: Meredith, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum yield of synthetic eumelanin is known to be extremely low and it has recently been reported to be dependent on excitation wavelength. In this paper, we present quantum yield as a function of excitation wavelength between 250 and 500 nm, showing it to be a factor of 4 higher at 250 nm than at 500 nm. In addition, we present a definitive map of the steady-state fluorescence as a function of excitation and emission wavelengths, and significantly, a three-dimensional map of the specific quantum yield: the fraction of photons absorbed at each wavelength that are subsequently radiated at each emission wavelength. This map contains clear features, which we attribute to certain structural models, and shows that radiative emission and specific quantum yield are negligible at emission wavelengths outside the range of 585 and 385 nm (2.2 and 3.2 eV), regardless of excitation wavelength. This information is important in the context of understanding melanin biofunctionality, and the quantum molecular biophysics therein.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Prediction of feed-rate slowdowns in precise micromilling processes
Creators: name: Meijer, Alexander
name: Krebs, Eugen
name: Wiederkehr, Petra
name: Biermann, Dirk
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Hard machining
subject: Micromilling
subject: Ploughing
subject: Feed-rate analysis
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Hartzerspanen
subject: NC-Fräsen
subject: Vorschub

description: In a production of filigree and complex geometries, different NC-controlled processes such as laser cutting, EDM milling, and micromachining require a constant feed rate to ensure high-quality manufacturing results. Due to the technically limited acceleration ability of the machine tool axes, the nominal feed cannot always be achieved. This in particular is the case when the machine tool has to perform a significant change of direction in corners. In this paper, the impact of too low feed rates on the process of precise micromilling of a hardened high-speed steel AISI (M3:2) 63 ± 1 HRC) is discussed. An unattained feed rate leads to a ploughing dominated process with a high burr formation resulting in a huge potential loss of micromilling processes. Furthermore, a simulation approach is presented which allows the prediction of the actually achieved feed rate. The developed machine model provides a reliable method to identify critical areas in the entire NC program.
description: Journal of manufacturing and materials processing Jg. 2, Heft 1 | S. 19-1-19-14;Jg. 2, 2018 Heft 1 | S. 19-1-19-14