cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Principal components adjusted variable screening
Creators: name: Zhang, J.
name: Song, R.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Liu, Z.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2017

description: Marginal screening has been established as a fast and effective method for high dimensional variable selection method. There are some drawbacks associated with marginal screening, since the marginal model can be viewed as a model misspecification from the joint true model. A principal components adjusted variable screening method is proposed, which uses top principal components as surrogate covariates to account for the variability of the omitted predictors in generalized linear models. The proposed method is demonstrated with superior numerical performance compared with the competing methods. The efficiency of the method is also illustrated with the analysis of the Affymetrix genechip rat genome 230 2.0 array data and the European American SNPs data.
Mechanical strain in capped and uncapped self-assembled Ge/Si quantum dots
Creators: name: Gomes, P. F.
name: Fernandes, H. A.
name: González-Arango, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we numerically calculate the spatial profile of mechanical strain on self-assembled germanium (Ge) quantum dots (QDs) grown on a silicon (Si) substrate. Although the topic has been exhaustively studied, interesting features have not been explained or even mentioned in the literature yet. We studied the effect of the cap layer considering two cases: capped QDs (where a Si cap is present above the Ge QDs) and uncapped QDs (where no Si is present above the Ge QDs). We observed that Ge in the capped QDs is more strained compared with the the uncapped QDs. This expected effect is attributed to the additional tension from the Si cap layer. However, the situation is opposite for the Si substrate, it is more strained in the uncapped QD because the Ge layer is less strained in this case. We also calculated the band-edge alignment for the electrons and holes.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures
Far field imaging of a dielectric inclusion
Creators: name: Wahab, Abdul
name: Ahmed, Naveed
name: Abbas, Tasawar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35L05, 35R30, 74B05, 47A52, 65J20

description: A non-iterative topological sensitivity framework for guaranteed far field detection of a dielectric inclusion is presented. The cases of single and multiple measurements of the electric far field scattering amplitude at a fixed frequency are taken into account. The performance of the algorithm is analyzed theoretically in terms of resolution, stability, and signal-to-noise ratio.
description: 6 pages, 5th International Workshop on New Computational Methods for Inverse Problems, ENS Cachan, France
title: Reliable Z-score maps from low-dose 18F-FDG PET of the brain
Creators: name: Fällmar, David
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear medicine
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: PET-CT
subject: PET
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Dementia

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: During FDG-PET, the subject receives a moderate but not insignificant dose of ionizing radiation, and a dose reduction with retained image quality is desirable.It was recently shown that low-dose FDG-PET of the brain, using 0.75 mBq FDG /...
Modeling event count data in the presence of informative dropout with application to bleeding and transfusion events in myelodysplastic syndrome
Creators: name: Diao, G.
name: Ibrahim, J.G.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Hu, K.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: In many biomedical studies, it is often of interest to model event count data over the study period. For some patients, we may not follow up them for the entire study period owing to informative dropout. The dropout time can potentially provide valuable insight on the rate of the events. We propose a joint semiparametric model for event count data and informative dropout time that allows for correlation through a Gamma frailty. We develop efficient likelihood-based estimation and inference procedures. The proposed nonparametric maximum likelihood estimators are shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal. Furthermore, the asymptotic covariances of the finite-dimensional parameter estimates attain the semiparametric efficiency bound. Extensive simulation studies demonstrate that the proposed methods perform well in practice. We illustrate the proposed methods through an application to a clinical trial for bleeding and transfusion events in myelodysplastic syndrome.
Evolution of Titan's Stratospheric HCN in High Spatial Resolution
Creators: name: Wright, Lucy
name: Teanby, Nicholas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Saturn’s largest moon, Titan, is the only moon in our solar system with a substantial atmosphere. Like Earth, Titan’s atmosphere comprises mostly Nitrogen but is also host to many hydrocarbon and nitrile species, produced by photochemistry in the upper atmosphere. These species are good tracers of atmospheric dynamics. From 2004 to 2017, NASA/ESA’s Cassini-Huygens spacecraft explored the Saturn system, performing 127 flybys of Titan. On its third flyby, Cassini released the ESA-operated Huygens atmospheric entry probe, which performed measurements on its descent to Titan’s surface. Cassini’s Composite Infrared Spectrometer (CIRS) observed Titan in the infrared for 13 years, almost half a Titan year. We use nadir observations acquired by the CIRS instrument at low spectral resolution to map trace species in Titan’s stratosphere at high spatial resolution. In-situ measurements acquired by the Huygens probe constrain our atmospheric retrievals. We use trace gas distributions to investigate seasonal changes in dynamics near Titan’s stratospheric equator.
Asymptotic analysis of microscopic impenetrability constraints for atomistic systems
Creators: name: Braides, Andrea
name: Gelli, Maria Stella
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we analyze a two-dimensional discrete model of nearest-neighbour Lennard-Jones interactions under the microscopical constraint that points on a lattice triangle maintain their order. This can be understood as a microscopical non-interpenetration constraint and amounts to the positiveness of the determinant of the gradient of the piecewise-affine interpolations of the discrete displacement. Under such a constraint we examine the continuum fracture energy deriving from a discrete-to-continuum analysis at a scaling where surface energy is preponderant. We give a lower bound by an anisotropic Griffith energy. This bound is optimal if the macroscopic displacement satisfies some opening-crack conditions on the fracture site. We show that if such conditions are not satisfied then the computation of the energy due to continuum cracks may involve non-local effects necessary to bypass the positive-determinant constraint on crack surfaces and at points where more cracks meet. Even when the limit fracture energy may be described by a surface energy density, this may depend on the crack orientation both in the reference and in the deformed configuration. While these effects lead to very interesting analytical issues, they call into question the necessity of the determinant constraint for fracture problems.
description: 22 figures
title: MRI and MR arthrography in evaluation of chronic ankle pain and correlation with clinical outcome in ligament injury and impingement syndromes
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Gopinath
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Extremities
subject: Trauma
subject: MR
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Arthrography
subject: Trauma
subject: Outcomes

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The purpose of the study was to evaluate the chronic ankle pain using plain MRI and direct MR arthrography. The primary objectives wereassessment of ligament injuries ,impingement syndromes and correlation of these conditions with clincal outcome...
(102020) Charles Greville Prideaux
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Mullerian duct anomalies: diagnostic pearls in the evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging
Creators: name: Escobar, Luz
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Congenital
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Pelvis
subject: Genital / Reproductive system female
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Discuss the different subtypes of Müllerian duct anomalies (MDA) based on MRI findings. 2. Describe the importance of Magnetic resonance imaging in the diagnosis and prognosis of patients with MDA. 3. Review the embryologic development of the...
title: Assessment of non-enhanced 4D MRA based on arterial spin labeling technique with Moyamoya disease
Creators: name: Abe, Kayoko
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR-Angiography
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a progressive cerebrovascular disorder, which requires surgical revascularizations, and mainly affects children and adolescents in Asian countries [1]. MRI and MR angiography (MRA) using 3D time-of flight technique has been...
Coinfection HTLV-1/2 and HIV-1 associated to mortality : a scoping review
Creators: name: Assone, Tatiane
name: Casseb, Jorge
name: FOnseca, Luiz
name: de Oliveira, Augusto
name: Tedeschi, Márcia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Diseases
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Virus Diseases

description: Is the coinfection HTLV-1/HIV-1 more dangerous than single infections?
Pattern mixture models for clinical validation of biomarkers in the presence of missing data
Creators: name: Rong, A.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Gao, F.
name: Ibrahim, J.G.
name: Dong, J.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: Targeted therapies for cancers are sometimes only effective in a subset of patients with a particular biomarker status. In clinical development, the biomarker status is typically determined by an investigational-use-only/laboratory-developed test. A market ready test (MRT) is developed later to meet regulatory requirements and for future commercial use. In the USA, the clinical validation of MRT showing efficacy and safety profile of the targeted therapy in the biomarker subgroups determined by MRT is needed for pre-market approval. One of the major challenges in carrying out clinical validation is that the biomarker status per MRT is often missing for many subjects. In this paper, we treat biomarker status as a missing covariate and develop a novel pattern mixture model in the setting of a proportional hazards model for the time-to-event outcome variable. We specify a multinomial regression model for the missing biomarker statuses, and develop an expectation–maximization algorithm by the Method of Weights (Ibrahim, Journal of the American Statistical Association, 1990) to estimate the parameters in the regression model. We use Louis' formula (Louis, Journal of the Royal Statistical Society. Series B, 1982) to obtain standard errors estimates. We examine the performance of our method in extensive simulation studies and apply our method to a clinical trial in metastatic colorectal cancer.
title: Normal pressure hydrocephalus (NHC): MRI diagnostics
Creators: name: Forner, Juana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: MR
subject: Education
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review clínical and patophysiological characteristics of chronic hydrocephalus in adults, and also compare con other types of hydrocephalus and no treatable dementias. Describe different techniques of diagnostics to identify this rare and...
(102023) James Terry Patch
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Estimating personalized diagnostic rules depending on individualized characteristics
Creators: name: Liu, Y.
name: Huang, C.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Wang, Y.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: There is an increasing demand for personalization of disease screening based on assessment of patient risk and other characteristics. For example, in breast cancer screening, advanced imaging technologies have made it possible to move away from ‘one-size-fits-all’ screening guidelines to targeted risk-based screening for those who are in need. Because diagnostic performance of various imaging modalities may vary across subjects, applying the most accurate modality to the patients who would benefit the most requires personalized strategy. To address these needs, we propose novel machine learning methods to estimate personalized diagnostic rules for medical screening or diagnosis by maximizing a weighted combination of sensitivity and specificity across subgroups of subjects. We first develop methods that can be applied when competing modalities or screening strategies that are observed on the same subject (paired design). Next, we present methods for studies where not all subjects receive both modalities (unpaired design). We study theoretical properties including consistency and risk bound of the personalized diagnostic rules and conduct simulation studies to examine performance of the proposed methods. Lastly, we analyze data collected from a brain imaging study of Parkinson's disease using positron emission tomography and diffusion tensor imaging with paired and unpaired designs. Our results show that in some cases, a personalized modality assignment is estimated to improve empirical area under the receiver operating curve compared with a ‘one-size-fits-all’ assignment strategy.
title: ADC-corrected SUV derived from voxel-based SUV-ADC scatter plots in 18FDG-PET/MR hybrid imaging
Creators: name: Kamei, Ryotaro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Image registration
subject: Cancer
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: PET-MR
subject: PET
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Molecular imaging
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue
subject: Oncology

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Background The combined use of 18 FDG-PET and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) has recently been investigated in efforts to improve the diagnostic accuracy of methods relying on SUVmax, SUVpeak, ADCmean, and ADCminimum for the assessment of...
(102019) Joseph Haythorne Latcham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Penalized Likelihood Approach for Simultaneous Analysis of Survival Time and Binary Longitudinal Outcome
Creators: name: Cai, J.
name: Choi, J.
name: Zeng, D.
Publisher: name: Springer India
Year: 2017

description: In this paper we consider simultaneous analysis of survival time and binary longitudinal outcome where random effects are introduced to account for the dependence between the two different types of outcomes due to unobserved factors and assumed to follow a Gaussian distribution with mean zero. The estimator based on maximum likelihood approach using an Expectation-Maximization algorithm is consistent and asymptotically normally distributed. However, the EM algorithm may be intensive on numerical integrations with large sample sizes and large numbers of longitudinal observations per subject. We develop a more computationally efficient estimation procedure based on a penalized likelihood obtained by Laplace approximation. Through simulation studies, we compare numerical performances on the computing time, bias, and mean squared error from the proposed penalized likelihood estimation procedure and the EM algorithm of maximum likelihood estimation. We also illustrate the proposed approach with a liver transplantation data set.
title: Development of criteria for juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) inflammatory activity on MRI score for the knee
Creators: name: Zorkaltsev, Maxim
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Arthritides

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To assess of the MRI score of the knee in children with JIA for evaluating disease...
Critical region of the superfluid transition in the BCS-BEC crossover
Creators: name: Debelhoir, T.
name: Dupuis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the size of the critical region of the superfluid transition in the BCS-BEC crossover of a three-dimensional fermion gas, using a renormalization-group approach to a bosonic theory of pairing fluctuations. For the unitary Fermi gas, we find a sizable critical region $[T_G^-,T_G^+]$, of order $T_c$, around the transition temperature $T_c$ with a pronounced asymmetry: $|T_G^+-T_c|/|T_G^--T_c|\sim8$. The critical region is strongly suppressed on the BCS side of the crossover but remains important on the BEC side.
description: v1) 7 pages, 3 figures, v2) revised version
title: The Impacts of Increased Precipitation Intensity on Dryland Ecosystems in the Western United States
Creators: name: Holdrege, Martin C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2022

description: As the atmosphere warms, precipitation events become larger, but less frequent. Such increases in precipitation intensity are expected regardless of changes in total annual precipitation. Despite strong evidence for increases in precipitation intensity, disagreement exists regarding how these changes will impact plants, and studies are lacking in many types of ecosystems. This dissertation addresses how increased precipitation intensity affects soil water availability, and how plants respond to any such changes. I address this question in the context of big sagebrush ecosystems and dryland winter wheat agriculture, which are both environments that can be sensitive to changes in water availability. Results from two field experiments (Chapters 2 & 3) and modelling (Chapter 4) indicate that fewer larger precipitation events cause water to be ‘pushed’ deeper into the ground. In sagebrush ecosystems this benefitted shrubs, because they tend to have deeper roots and could preferentially access the deeper soil water. The model simulations indicate that these positive effects on shrub growth should be expected in dry climates, but not in wetter climates where larger precipitation events caused more water to be lost to deep drainage. By comparison, increased precipitation intensity had little effect on more shallowly rooted herbaceous plants in sagebrush ecosystems. Similarly, production of winter wheat was not affected by increased precipitation intensity, potentially because this crop matures early in the growing season, while changes in soil moisture were most apparent only later in the summer. My research shows that responses to increased precipitation intensity are likely to differ between plant types and that larger precipitation events may contribute to patterns of increasing dominance of woody plants that can be observed globally. More broadly, these results stress the importance of accounting for climatic variability when forecasting ecological responses to climate change.
(102017) Daniel Travers Burges
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Group Tenure in Administration of Public Lands
Creators: name: Loomer, C. W.
name: Johnson, V. Webster
name: Loomer, C. W.
name: Johnson, V. Webster
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1949
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use
Livestock Production/Industries
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Excerpts from the report Introduction: Ownership, management, and use of public grazing lands are current problems. Essentially they are a matter of landlord-tenant relations with Government as the landlord. The resolving of existing problems in the field deals with individual interest and privileges, public interests, and multiple-use considerations. Through resolving conflicts of interests social progress is made. Group-tenure devices are one means to this end. The term "group tenure" is a convenient designation for various forms of cooperative action by which stockmen obtain control of land for operating purposes. The most notable example of group tenure is the cooperative grazing association or district. In the northern Great Plains, State laws make special provision for these organizations. The district or association acquires control of land through purchase, lease, or other means; thereafter it distributes grazing privileges among its members. The study upon which this report is based is restricted to the northern Great Plains, and particularly to the short-grass range country between the Missouri River and the Rocky Mountains, in the five States of Montana, Wyoming, North Dakota, South Dakota, and Nebraska. It is primarily concerned with the management of public land that is devoted to private use. Public-use lands, such as parks, monuments, national forests, and Indian reservations, are administered for a definite public purpose. Publicly owned land on which group tenure functions, however, derives its chief importance from the private uses to which it is put. All public lands have public values and multiple-use considerations, and no sharp distinction can be maintained between public-use and private-use categories. The public domain, the national forest grazing land, and the submarginal land acquired by Federal purchase present special problems of management. In this report consideration is first given to cooperative grazing associations and districts that function cooperatively with the land-management program of the Soil Conservation Service. Then follows a discussion of advisory boards in Taylor grazing districts and national forests. Finally, examples of other group-tenure devices are presented.
title: Imaging of perineural spread in head and neck
Creators: name: Petrovic, Sladjana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Head and neck

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational exhibit is to review the imaging characteristics of perineural tumoral spread in head and neck tumors along most common affected cranial...
Occupational Exposures and Metabolic Syndrome among Hispanics/Latinos
Creators: name: Argos, M.
name: Persky, V.W.
name: Durazo-Arvizu, R.A.
name: Bulka, C.M.
name: Singer, R.H.
name: Daviglus, M.L.
name: Hosgood, H.D.
name: Gallo, L.C.
name: Thyagarajan, B.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Talavera, G.A.
name: Avilés-Santa, M.L.
Publisher: name: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins
Year: 2017

description: Objective: We assessed the cross-sectional relationships of self-reported current occupational exposures to solvents, metals, and pesticides with metabolic syndrome and its components among 7127 participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos. Methods: Metabolic syndrome was defined as a clustering of abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high blood pressure, and/or high fasting glucose. Regression models that incorporated inverse probability of exposure weighting were used to estimate prevalence ratios. Results: Solvent exposure was associated with a 32% higher prevalence of high blood pressure (95% confidence interval: 1.09 to 1.60) than participants not reporting exposure. No associations were observed for occupational exposures with abdominal obesity, high triglycerides, low high-density lipoprotein, or metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that solvent exposure may be an important occupational risk factor for high blood pressure among Hispanics/Latinos in the United States.
Conditional Random Matrix Ensembles and the Stability of Dynamical Systems
Creators: name: Kirk, Paul
name: Rolando, Delphine M. Y.
name: MacLean, Adam L.
name: Stumpf, Michael P. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: There has been a long-standing and at times fractious debate whether complex and large systems can be stable. In ecology, the so-called `diversity-stability debate' arose because mathematical analyses of ecosystem stability were either specific to a particular model (leading to results that were not general), or chosen for mathematical convenience, yielding results unlikely to be meaningful for any interesting realistic system. May's work, and its subsequent elaborations, relied upon results from random matrix theory, particularly the circular law and its extensions, which only apply when the strengths of interactions between entities in the system are assumed to be independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.). Other studies have optimistically generalised from the analysis of very specific systems, in a way that does not hold up to closer scrutiny. We show here that this debate can be put to rest, once these two contrasting views have been reconciled --- which is possible in the statistical framework developed here. Here we use a range of illustrative examples of dynamical systems to demonstrate that (i) stability probability cannot be summarily deduced from any single property of the system (e.g. its diversity), and (ii) our assessment of stability depends on adequately capturing the details of the systems analysed. Failing to condition on the structure of dynamical systems will skew our analysis and can, even for very small systems, result in an unnecessarily pessimistic diagnosis of their stability.
Potential Use of American College of Radiology BI-RADS Mammography Atlas for Reporting and Assessing Lesions Detected on Dedicated Breast CT Imaging: Preliminary Study
Creators: name: Zeng, D.
name: Jung, H.K.
name: Choi, N.M.
name: Kuzmiak, C.M.
name: Yoon, S.
name: Gao, F.
name: Langman, E.L.
name: Steen, D.
name: Kim, H.J.
name: Kim, K.W.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2017

description: Rationale and Objectives Dedicated breast computed tomography (DBCT) is an emerging and promising modality for breast lesions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential use of applying the BI-RADS Mammography Atlas 5th Edition for reporting and assessing breast lesions on DBCT. Currently, no atlas exists for DBCT. Materials and Methods Four radiologists trained in breast imaging were recruited in this institutional review board-approved, Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant study. The enrolled radiologists, who were blinded to mammographic and histopathologic findings, individually reviewed 30 randomized DBCT cases that contained marked lesions. Thirty-four lesions were included in this study: 24 (70.6%) masses, 7 (20.6%) calcifications, and 3 (8.8%) architectural distortions. Eight (23.5%) lesions were malignant and 26 (76.5%) were benign. The reader was asked to specify according to the BI-RADS Mammography Atlas for each marked DBCT lesion: primary findings, features, breast density, and final assessment. We calculated readers' diagnostic performances for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions and interobserver variability for reporting and assessing lesions using a generalized estimating equation and the Fleiss kappa (κ) statistic. Results The estimated overall sensitivity of the readers was 0.969, and the specificity was 0.529. There were no significant differences in the sensitivity and the specificity between lesion types. For reporting the presence of a primary finding, the overall substantial agreement (κ = 0.70) was seen. In assigning the breast density and the final assessment, the overall agreement was moderate (κ = 0.53) and fair (κ = 0.30). Conclusion The use of the BI-RADS Mammography Atlas 5th Edition for DBCT showed high performance and good agreement among readers.
Renormalization Group Summation of Laplace QCD Sum Rules for Scalar Gluon Currents
Creators: name: Chishtie, Farrukh
name: Steele, T. G.
name: McKeon, D. G. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ renormalization group (RG) summation techniques to obtain portions of Laplace QCD sum rules for scalar gluon currents beyond the order to which they have been explicitly calculated. The first two of these sum rules are considered in some detail, and it is shown that they have significantly less dependence on the renormalization scale parameter $μ^2$ once the RG summation is used to extend the perturbative results. Using the sum rules, we then compute the bound on the scalar glueball mass and demonstrate that the 3 and 4-Loop perturbative results form lower and upper bounds to their RG summed counterparts. We further demonstrate improved convergence of the RG summed expressions with respect to perturbative results.
description: Accepted Physics Letters B version, 17 pages, 7 figures in LaTeX2e format
Control-based imputation for sensitivity analyses in informative censoring for recurrent event data
Creators: name: Golm, G.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Heyse, J.F.
name: Gao, F.
name: Diao, G.
name: Lin, B.
name: Ibrahim, J.G.
name: Xu, L.
name: Liu, G.F.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Ltd
Year: 2017

description: In clinical trials, missing data commonly arise through nonadherence to the randomized treatment or to study procedure. For trials in which recurrent event endpoints are of interests, conventional analyses using the proportional intensity model or the count model assume that the data are missing at random, which cannot be tested using the observed data alone. Thus, sensitivity analyses are recommended. We implement the control-based multiple imputation as sensitivity analyses for the recurrent event data. We model the recurrent event using a piecewise exponential proportional intensity model with frailty and sample the parameters from the posterior distribution. We impute the number of events after dropped out and correct the variance estimation using a bootstrap procedure. We apply the method to an application of sitagliptin study.
Consumption of Feed by Livestock 1909-47; Relation Between Feed, Livestock, and Food at the National Level
Creators: name: Jennings, R. D.
name: Jennings, R. D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1949
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Contents: Introduction and method of procedure; Consumption of feed in the United States (Grains, Commercial byproduct feeds, Seeds and skim milk, Commercial mixed feeds, Hay, silage, and other harvested roughages, Pasture and grazing, Miscellaneous feeds, Feed unit as a measure of nutritive value, Long-time changes in feed consumed); Livestock numbers and production (Animal units of livestock fed annually, Effect of decline in number of horses and mules on use of feed); Utilization of feed by livestock (Quantities of different kinds of feed consumed by each kind of livestock, Feeds consumed per head or per unit of livestock product, Comparison of average rates of feeding with rates achieved by good farmers); Some general considerations in feeding livestock (Feed required for maintenance and production, Diminishing returns in feeding livestock, Protein situation, Efficiency of livestock in producing human food, Feed conservation); Estimating United States feed consumption in advance; and Additional tables.
title: Lung volumes in fetuses with congenital diaphragmatic hernia: comparison of US and MR imaging
Creators: name: Belaid, Ahmed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Foetal imaging
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Congenital
subject: Hernia
subject: Foetus

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) occurs with an incidence of approximately 1 in 2200 live births (1). Despite advances in antenatal and postnatal diagnosis and therapy, congenital diaphragmatic hernia is still associated with a high neonatal...
Spin canonical rings of log stacky curves
Creators: name: Landesman, Aaron
name: Ruhm, Peter
name: Zhang, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14Q05, 11F11

description: Consider modular forms arising from a finite-area quotient of the upper-half plane by a Fuchsian group. By the classical results of Kodaira-Spencer, this ring of modular forms may be viewed as the log spin canonical ring of a stacky curve. In this paper, we tightly bound the degrees of minimal generators and relations of log spin canonical rings. As a consequence, we obtain a tight bound on the degrees of minimal generators and relations for rings of modular forms of arbitrary integral weight.
description: 36 pages. To appear in the Annales de l'Insitut Fourier
(102018) Eliza M [Burges]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Benefits of a simultaneus patient and staff dose registry for interventional radiology
Creators: name: Vano, Eliseo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Radioprotection / Radiation dose
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Quality assurance

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: As reported by UNSCEAR, Radiation exposure in medical practices is by far, the highest source of man-made ionizing radiation to population [1]. This has resulted in recommendations and regulations for a proper management of radiation in medical...
On a method for constructing the Lax pairs for nonlinear integrable equations
Creators: name: Habibullin, I. T.
name: Khakimova, A. R.
name: Poptsova, M. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q51

description: We suggest a direct algorithm for searching the Lax pairs for nonlinear integrable equations. It is effective for both continuous and discrete models. The first operator of the Lax pair corresponding to a given nonlinear equation is found immediately, coinciding with the linearization of the considered nonlinear equation. The second one is obtained as an invariant manifold to the linearized equation. A surprisingly simple relation between the second operator of the Lax pair and the recursion operator is discussed: the recursion operator can immediately be found from the Lax pair. Examples considered in the article are convincing evidence that the found Lax pairs differ from the classical ones. The examples also show that the suggested objects are true Lax pairs which allow the construction of infinite series of conservation laws and hierarchies of higher symmetries. In the case of the hyperbolic type partial differential equation our algorithm is slightly modified; in order to construct the Lax pairs from the invariant manifolds we use the cutting off conditions for the corresponding infinite Laplace sequence. The efficiency of the method is illustrated by application to some equations given in the Svinolupov-Sokolov classification list for which the Lax pairs and the recursion operators have not been found earlier.
Semiparametric regression analysis of interval-censored competing risks data
Creators: name: Lin, D.-Y.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Mao, L.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Interval-censored competing risks data arise when each study subject may experience an event or failure from one of several causes and the failure time is not observed directly but rather is known to lie in an interval between two examinations. We formulate the effects of possibly time-varying (external) covariates on the cumulative incidence or sub-distribution function of competing risks (i.e., the marginal probability of failure from a specific cause) through a broad class of semiparametric regression models that captures both proportional and non-proportional hazards structures for the sub-distribution. We allow each subject to have an arbitrary number of examinations and accommodate missing information on the cause of failure. We consider nonparametric maximum likelihood estimation and devise a fast and stable EM-type algorithm for its computation. We then establish the consistency, asymptotic normality, and semiparametric efficiency of the resulting estimators for the regression parameters by appealing to modern empirical process theory. In addition, we show through extensive simulation studies that the proposed methods perform well in realistic situations. Finally, we provide an application to a study on HIV-1 infection with different viral subtypes.
title: Imaging findings in vertebral hydatid cyst: contribution of MRI and PET CT.
Creators: name: Rodríguez Parodi, Martin
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET-CT
subject: Complications
subject: Infection
subject: Cysts
subject: Epidemiology

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We will present a brief review of the disease, will assess the contribution of the different imaging techniques to the disease, and the main indications for MRI, CT, and PET-CT. We will assess spinal hydatid cystclassification. We shall consider the...
Proportional hazards model with a change point for clustered event data
Creators: name: Zhao, J.
name: Zeng, D.
name: Deng, Y.
name: Cai, J.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2017

description: In many epidemiology studies, family data with survival endpoints are collected to investigate the association between risk factors and disease incidence. Sometimes the risk of the disease may change when a certain risk factor exceeds a certain threshold. Finding this threshold value could be important for disease risk prediction and diseases prevention. In this work, we propose a change-point proportional hazards model for clustered event data. The model incorporates the unknown threshold of a continuous variable as a change point in the regression. The marginal pseudo-partial likelihood functions are maximized for estimating the regression coefficients and the unknown change point. We develop a supremum test based on robust score statistics to test the existence of the change point. The inference for the change point is based on the m out of n bootstrap. We establish the consistency and asymptotic distributions of the proposed estimators. The finite-sample performance of the proposed method is demonstrated via extensive simulation studies. Finally, the Strong Heart Family Study dataset is analyzed to illustrate the methods.
title: „Es ist nochmal etwas Verbindenderes, etwas das mehr ist“
title: Was die Heirat hetero-und homosexuellen Paaren bedeutet
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Weibel, Fleur
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Ehe
subject: Beziehung
subject: Liebe
subject: Recht
subject: Transformation
subject: Lebenspartnerschaft
subject: Homosexualität
subject: Heterosexualität
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften

description: Ende des 20. Jahrhunderts wurde von einer 'dramatischen' Bedeutungsreduktion der Ehe gesprochen. Aktuell zeigen die Statistiken aber, dass das Heiraten trotz pluralisierten Optionen in der Lebensgestaltung weiterhin stark verbreitet ist. Wie ist diese anhaltende Bedeutung des Heiratens zu verstehen? Der Beitrag untersucht diese Frage anhand der Rekonstruktion der Fälle von zehn hetero-und vier homosexuellen Hochzeitspaaren, wodurch zwei Dinge deutlich werden: Als kollektives Versprechen von persönlichem Liebesglück gewinnt die Heirat an neuer Attraktivität, nicht zuletzt auch deshalb, weil dieses Glücksversprechen durch die Praktiken der Hochzeit wirkungsvoll inszeniert werden kann. Zugleich stabilisiert die Bedeutungstransformation der Ehe – von der normativen Regulierung heterosexueller Beziehungen zur individuellen Realisierung von Liebe – die Heirat als eine Option ohne gleichwertige Alternativen für die Anerkennung und rechtliche Absicherung von verbindlichem Zusammenleben und Lieben.
title: Lymphoma of the central nervous system: patterns of disease and imaging findings.
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Sara Yukie
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: CNS
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Neoplasia

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognize the radiological findings of lymphoma in the CNS. To differentiate the radiological findings of primary lymphoma of the central nervous system and secondary involvement of systemic lymphoma. To differentiate the radiological findings...
(102021) Catherine Ann [Prideaux]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: Growing nervous about losing eyesight: orbital manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1
Creators: name: Nguyen, Margaret
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetic defects
subject: Congenital
subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: Eyes
subject: CNS

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To recognise the physical examination findings and radiological appearances of the orbital manifestations of neurofibromatosis type 1 and understand their clinical...