cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Derivation of Optimal Partial Successive Interference Cancellation
Creators: name: Blasco, Francisco Lazaro
name: Rossetto, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The necessity of accurate channel estimation for Successive and Parallel Interference Cancellation is well known. Iterative channel estimation and channel decoding (for instance by means of the Expectation-Maximization algorithm) is particularly important for these multiuser detection schemes in the presence of time varying channels, where a high density of pilots is necessary to track the channel. This paper designs a method to analytically derive a weighting factor $α$, necessary to improve the efficiency of interference cancellation in the presence of poor channel estimates. Moreover, this weighting factor effectively mitigates the presence of incorrect decisions at the output of the channel decoder. The analysis provides insight into the properties of such interference cancellation scheme and the proposed approach significantly increases the effectiveness of Successive Interference Cancellation under the presence of channel estimation errors, which leads to gains of up to 3 dB.
description: IEEE GLOBECOM 2011
Geometric Structures Induced by Deformations of the Legendre Transform
Creators: name: Morales, Pablo A.
name: Korbel, Jan
name: Rosas, Fernando E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent link discovered between generalized Legendre transforms and non-dually flat statistical manifolds suggests a fundamental reason behind the ubiquity of Rényi's divergence and entropy in a wide range of physical phenomena. However, these early findings still provide little intuition on the nature of this relationship and its implications for physical systems. Here we shed new light on the Legendre transform by revealing the consequences of its deformation via symplectic geometry and complexification. These findings reveal a novel common framework that leads to a principled and unified understanding of physical systems that are not well-described by classic information-theoretic quantities.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure; version accepted for publication in Entropy
title: Is selective neck dissection an adequate treatment for node positive oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Hashmi, Syed Salman
name: Abbas, Syed Akbar
name: Saeed, Jaweria
name: Bukhari, Amna
name: Murtaza, Ghulam
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Introduction: Selective neck dissection in clinically node negative neck is considered to be the standard of care for Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas (OSCC). Controversy still prevails in node positive disease regarding extent of neck clearance. In our part of the world, comprehensive neck dissection [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Froth-like minimizers of a non local free energy functional with competing interactions
Creators: name: Buttà, Paolo
name: Esposito, Raffaele
name: Giuliani, Alessandro
name: Marra, Rossana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground and low energy states of a one dimensional non local free energy functional describing at a mean field level a spin system with both ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic interactions. In particular, the antiferromagnetic interaction is assumed to have a range much larger than the ferromagnetic one. The competition between these two effects is expected to lead to the spontaneous emergence of a regular alternation of long intervals on which the spin profile is magnetized either up or down, with an oscillation scale intermediate between the range of the ferromagnetic and that of the antiferromagnetic interaction. In this sense, the optimal or quasi-optimal profiles are "froth-like": if seen on the scale of the antiferromagnetic potential they look neutral, but if seen at the microscope they actually consist of big bubbles of two different phases alternating among each other. In this paper we prove the validity of this picture, we compute the oscillation scale of the quasi-optimal profiles and we quantify their distance in norm from a reference periodic profile. The proof consists of two main steps: we first coarse grain the system on a scale intermediate between the range of the ferromagnetic potential and the expected optimal oscillation scale; in this way we reduce the original functional to an effective "sharp interface" one. Next, we study the latter by reflection positivity methods, which require as a key ingredient the exact locality of the short range term. Our proof has the conceptual interest of combining coarse graining with reflection positivity methods, an idea that is presumably useful in much more general contexts than the one studied here.
description: 38 pages, 2 figures
Saturation of Rogue Wave Amplification over Steep Shoals
Creators: name: Mendes, Saulo
name: Kasparian, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shoaling of surface gravity waves has been acknowledged as a mechanism of rogue wave formation. This problem is generally reduced to water waves passing over a step, but non-equilibrium physics allows finite slopes to be considered. Using non-homogeneous spectral analysis of a spatially varying energy density ratio we describe the dependence of the amplification as a function of the slope steepness. Increasing the slope increases the amplification of rogue wave probability, until this amplification saturates at steep slopes. In contrast, the increase of the down slope of a subsequent de-shoal zone leads to a monotonic decrease in the rogue wave probability, thus featuring a strong asymmetry between shoaling and de-shoaling zones. Due to the saturation of the rogue wave amplification at steep slopes, our model is applicable beyond its range of validity up to a step, thus elucidating why previous models based on a step could describe the physics of steep finite slopes. We also explain why the rogue wave probability increases over a shoal while it is lower in shallower water.
title: Radikale Resektion eines T4 Kieferhöhlenkarzinoms über modifiziertes Midfacial Degloving und subziliaren Zugang
Creators: name: Haßkamp, Pia
name: Lang, Stephan
name: Mattheis, Stefan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Das Plattenepithelkarzinom der Nasennebenhöhlen ist eine seltene Erkrankung, die etwa 3% aller Malignome im Kopf-Hals-Bereich ausmacht. Sie werden häufig erst in fortgeschrittenem Stadium diagnostiziert und gehen mit einer schlechten Prognose einher.    Methoden: Es erfolgt[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
An Algebraic Graphical Model for Decision with Uncertainties, Feasibilities, and Utilities
Creators: name: Pralet, C.
name: Schiex, T.
name: Verfaillie, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Numerous formalisms and dedicated algorithms have been designed in the last decades to model and solve decision making problems. Some formalisms, such as constraint networks, can express "simple" decision problems, while others are designed to take into account uncertainties, unfeasible decisions, and utilities. Even in a single formalism, several variants are often proposed to model different types of uncertainty (probability, possibility...) or utility (additive or not). In this article, we introduce an algebraic graphical model that encompasses a large number of such formalisms: (1) we first adapt previous structures from Friedman, Chu and Halpern for representing uncertainty, utility, and expected utility in order to deal with generic forms of sequential decision making; (2) on these structures, we then introduce composite graphical models that express information via variables linked by "local" functions, thanks to conditional independence; (3) on these graphical models, we finally define a simple class of queries which can represent various scenarios in terms of observabilities and controllabilities. A natural decision-tree semantics for such queries is completed by an equivalent operational semantics, which induces generic algorithms. The proposed framework, called the Plausibility-Feasibility-Utility (PFU) framework, not only provides a better understanding of the links between existing formalisms, but it also covers yet unpublished frameworks (such as possibilistic influence diagrams) and unifies formalisms such as quantified boolean formulas and influence diagrams. Our backtrack and variable elimination generic algorithms are a first step towards unified algorithms.
Numerical simulation and experimental studies of highly-loaded valveless pulsed combustors
Creators: name: Olorunmaiye, John Adesiji
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: TJ 254.5 O44 1985
subject: Combustion engineering
subject: Heat - Transmission
subject: Pulse techniques (Electronics)

description: Bibliography: p. 226-241.
description: The main objectives of the work were to develop a numerical model that simulates the operation of valveless pulsed combustors and to study the effects of flow pulsations on heat transfer rate in such a combustor through experimental measurements which would also provide results for assessing the validity of the model. Dynamic pressure, time-average heat flux, wall and gas temperatures were measured at six ports in the propane-fuelled combustor. The convective heat transfer coefficients in the combustion chamber were slightly less than steady flow values in most cases whereas they were mostly between 1.5 to 3 times as high as steady flow values, in the tail pipe. The effects of wall friction, heat transfer and composition changes due to chemical reaction were considered in the numerical simulation. Application of the conservation principles of fluid mechanics to the one-dimensional flows in the inlet and tail pipe yielded a system of first order hyperbolic partial differential equations which were integrated by a numerical method of characteristics. For the combustion chamber which was treated as a large reservoir, the conservation principles gave a set of ordinary differential equations since the gas mixture in it was assumed to have negligible kinetic energy and uniform thermodynamic properties. The agreement between theoretically predicted results and experimental measurements were good within the limits of experimental error in some cases orily but the predicted trends agreed with experimental measurements in all the comparisons. Since the flow pulsations enhance heat transfer considerably in the tail pipe, it is necessary to divert sufficient cool secondary air flow past the tail pipe for the combustor to have a long service life in jet drying, thrust generation and gas turbine applications. Using the numerical model, modifications to the tail pipe geometry that would give the experimental unit improved performance were suggested. From the results predicted with the model, it was concluded that intermittent combustion occurs in the combustion chamber through variations in the concentrations of carbon-dioxide and oxygen.
title: Einfluss von TLR3 auf die Epithelial-Mesenchymale Transition in Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Creators: name: Hell, Henrieke
name: Pries, Ralph
name: Wollenberg, Barbara
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Als Grundvoraussetzung für den Metastasierungsprozess von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren wird die Epithelial-Mesenchymale Transition (EMT) angenommen. Bei Dysregulation, z.B. in malignen tumorösen Prozessen,  führt die EMT zu Zellmigration (Metastasierung), Therapieresistenz (Apoptosedysregulation)[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Response of discretized plates to parametric and non-parametric nonstationary random excitations
Creators: name: Orisamolu, Irewole Raphael, 1957-
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: TA 660 P6 O73 1986
subject: Plates (Engineering) - Vibration
subject: Vibration

description: Bibliography: p. 143-151.
A new paradigm for medium-range severe weather forecasts: probabilistic random forest-based predictions
Creators: name: Hill, Aaron J.
name: Schumacher, Russ S.
name: Jirak, Israel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Historical observations of severe weather and simulated severe weather environments (i.e., features) from the Global Ensemble Forecast System v12 (GEFSv12) Reforecast Dataset (GEFS/R) are used in conjunction to train and test random forest (RF) machine learning (ML) models to probabilistically forecast severe weather out to days 4--8. RFs are trained with 9 years of the GEFS/R and severe weather reports to establish statistical relationships. Feature engineering is briefly explored to examine alternative methods for gathering features around observed events, including simplifying features using spatial averaging and increasing the GEFS/R ensemble size with time-lagging. Validated RF models are tested with ~1.5 years of real-time forecast output from the operational GEFSv12 ensemble and are evaluated alongside expert human-generated outlooks from the Storm Prediction Center (SPC). Both RF-based forecasts and SPC outlooks are skillful with respect to climatology at days 4 and 5 with degrading skill thereafter. The RF-based forecasts exhibit tendencies to underforecast severe weather events, but they tend to be well-calibrated at lower probability thresholds. Spatially averaging predictors during RF training allows for prior-day thermodynamic and kinematic environments to generate skillful forecasts, while time-lagging acts to expand the forecast areas, increasing resolution but decreasing objective skill. The results highlight the utility of ML-generated products to aid SPC forecast operations into the medium range.
Appropriateness of utilisation of the emergency department by the elderly
Creators: name: Parboosingh, Elizabeth Jean, 1941-
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 1985
Subjects: subject: RA 564.8 P345 1986
subject: Community health services for the aged
subject: Aged - Medical care
subject: Emergency medical services

description: Bibliography: p. 114-117.
Learning to Generate 3D Shapes from a Single Example
Creators: name: Wu, Rundi
name: Zheng, Changxi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing generative models for 3D shapes are typically trained on a large 3D dataset, often of a specific object category. In this paper, we investigate the deep generative model that learns from only a single reference 3D shape. Specifically, we present a multi-scale GAN-based model designed to capture the input shape's geometric features across a range of spatial scales. To avoid large memory and computational cost induced by operating on the 3D volume, we build our generator atop the tri-plane hybrid representation, which requires only 2D convolutions. We train our generative model on a voxel pyramid of the reference shape, without the need of any external supervision or manual annotation. Once trained, our model can generate diverse and high-quality 3D shapes possibly of different sizes and aspect ratios. The resulting shapes present variations across different scales, and at the same time retain the global structure of the reference shape. Through extensive evaluation, both qualitative and quantitative, we demonstrate that our model can generate 3D shapes of various types.
description: SIGGRAPH Asia 2022; 19 pages (including 6 pages appendix), 17 figures. Project page: http://www.cs.columbia.edu/cg/SingleShapeGen/
Localizing Sources of Variability in Crowded TESS Photometry
Creators: name: Higgins, Michael E.
name: Bell, Keaton J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) has an exceptionally large plate scale of 21"/px, causing most TESS light curves to record the blended light of multiple stars. This creates a danger of misattributing variability observed by TESS to the wrong source, which would invalidate any analysis. We develop a method that can localize the origin of variability on the sky to better than one fifth of a pixel. Given measured frequencies of observed variability (e.g., from periodogram analysis), we show that the corresponding best-fit sinusoid amplitudes to raw light curves extracted from each pixel are distributed the same as light from the variable source. The primary assumption of this method is that other nearby stars are not variable at the same frequencies. Essentially, we are using the high frequency resolution of TESS to overcome limitations from its low spatial resolution. We have implemented our method in an open source Python package, TESS Localize (github.com/Higgins00/TESS-Localize), that determines the location of a variable source on the sky given TESS pixel data and a set of observed frequencies of variability. Our method utilizes the TESS Pixel Response Function models, and we characterize systematics in the residuals of fitting these models to data. Given the ubiquity of source blending in TESS light curves, verifying the source of observed variability should be a standard step in TESS analyses.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, accepted by AJ, software located at github.com/Higgins00/TESS-Localize
title: Unterkieferinfiltration bei Oropharynxkarzinomen: welchen diagnostischen Wert hat die Computertomografie?
Creators: name: Herberhold, Stephan
name: Kussmann, Hanna
name: Far, Frederick
name: Bootz, Friedrich
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Zur Planung der chirurgischen Therapie von unterkiefernahen Oropharynxkarzinomen wird in der Regel eine Computertomografie durchgeführt. Es stellt sich die Frage, ob diese Form der Bildgebung ausreicht, eine Infiltration des Unterkieferknochens zu erkennen.    Ergebnisse: Verglichen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
An Effective Field Theory for Large Oscillons
Creators: name: Levkov, D. G.
name: Maslov, V. E.
name: Nugaev, E. Ya.
name: Panin, A. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider oscillons - localized, quasiperiodic, and extremely long-living classical solutions in models with real scalar fields. We develop their effective description in the limit of large size at finite field strength. Namely, we note that nonlinear long-range field configurations can be described by an effective complex field $ψ(t, \boldsymbol{x})$ which is related to the original fields by a canonical transformation. The action for $ψ$ has the form of a systematic gradient expansion. At every order of the expansion, such an effective theory has a global U(1) symmetry and hence a family of stationary nontopological solitons - oscillons. The decay of the latter objects is a nonperturbative process from the viewpoint of the effective theory. Our approach gives an intuitive understanding of oscillons in full nonlinearity and explains their longevity. Importantly, it also provides reliable selection criteria for models with long-lived oscillons. This technique is more precise in the nonrelativistic limit, in the notable cases of nonlinear, extremely long-lived, and large objects, and also in lower spatial dimensions. We test the effective theory by performing explicit numerical simulations of a $(d+1)$-dimensional scalar field with a plateau potential.
description: 43 pages, 9 figures, ancillary video of an oscillon formation; Sec. 5 and Appendix extended, references added; journal version
title: Effektivität des Extreme Protokolls im klinischen Alltag: Überleben von Patienten mit rezidivierten/ metastasierten Kopf-Hals Karzinomen im Vergleich zu alternativen Therapiekonzepten
Creators: name: Hezel, Marcus
name: Blueggel, Christoph
name: Knecht, Rainald
name: Münscher, Adrian
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die Therapie mit Cisplatin, 5-FU und Cetuximab hat sich seit Veröffentlichung des EXTREME-Protokolls (Vermorken et al., 2008), in der Behandlung von rezidivierten/ metastasierten Kopf-Hals Karzinomen (R/M HNSCC) durchgesetzt. Für die letztendliche Therapieentscheidung[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
The self-learning AI controller for adaptive power beaming with fiber-array laser transmitter system
Creators: name: Vorontsov, A. M.
name: Filimonov, G. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this study we consider adaptive power beaming with fiber-array laser transmitter system in presence of atmospheric turbulence. For optimization of power transition through the atmosphere fiber-array is traditionally controlled by stochastic parallel gradient descent (SPGD) algorithm where control feedback is provided via radio frequency link by an optical-to-electrical power conversion sensor, attached to a cooperative target. The SPGD algorithm continuously and randomly perturbs voltages applied to fiber-array phase shifters and fiber tip positioners in order to maximize sensor signal, i.e. uses, so-called, "blind" optimization principle. In opposite to this approach a perspective artificially intelligent (AI) control systems for synthesis of optimal control can utilize various pupil- or target-plane data available for the analysis including wavefront sensor data, photo-voltaic array (PVA) data, other optical or atmospheric parameters, and potentially can eliminate well-known drawbacks of SPGD-based controllers. In this study an optimal control is synthesized by a deep neural network (DNN) using target-plane PVA sensor data as its input. A DNN training is occurred online in sync with control system operation and is performed by applying of small perturbations to DNN's outputs. This approach does not require initial DNN's pre-training as well as guarantees optimization of system performance in time. All theoretical results are verified by numerical experiments.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures
Stability and electronic properties of CsK$_2$Sb surface facets
Creators: name: Schier, Richard
name: Sassnick, Holger-Dietrich
name: Cocchi, Caterina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: First-principles methods have recently established themselves in the field of photocathode research to provide microscopic, quantum-mechanical characterization of relevant materials for electron sources. While most of the existing studies are focused on bulk crystals, the knowledge of surface properties is essential to assess the photoemission performance of the samples. In the framework of density-functional theory, we investigate stability and electronic properties of surface slabs of CsK$_2$Sb, an emerging semiconducting photocathode material for particle accelerators. Considering surfaces with Miller indices 0 and 1, and accounting for all possible terminations, we find that, at the interface with vacuum, the atomic layers may rearrange considerably to minimize the electrostatic repulsion between neighboring alkali species. From the analysis of the surface energy as a function of the chemical potential, we find a striking preference for surfaces oriented along the (111) direction. Yet, at large and intermediate concentrations of Cs and K, respectively, (100) and (110) slabs are energetically most favorable. The considered surfaces exhibit either semiconducting or metallic character. Of the former kind is the most stable (111) slab which has a band gap of about 1.3 eV, in excellent agreement with experimental values for CsK$_2$Sb samples. Metallic surfaces have lower work function, on the order of 2.5 eV, in line with the emission threshold measured for CsK$_2$Sb photocathodes. All in all these results contribute to the fundamental understanding of the microscopic properties of CsK$_2$Sb in particular and of multi-alkali antimonides in general, and represent an useful complement to the ongoing experimental efforts in the characterization of this emerging class of photocathode materials.
title: Epithetische Versorgung von Gesichts- und Halsdefekten an der HNO-Klinik Dessau
Creators: name: Hirt, Roman
name: Hering, Daniela
name: Velten, Benjamin
name: Knipping, Stephan
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Nicht nur die Funktionswiederherstellung, sondern auch ein ansprechendes äußeres Erscheinungsbild spielen in der Behandlung komplexer onkologischer Erkrankungen sowie Amputationsverletzungen und Fehlbildungen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich eine wichtige Rolle. Epithesen im Kopf-Hals-Bereich[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Who Finds the Short Proof? An Exploration of Variants of Boolos' Curious Inference using Higher-order Automated Theorem Provers
Creators: name: Benzmüller, Christoph
name: Fuenmayor, David
name: Steen, Alexander
name: Sutcliffe, Geoff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; I.2.3; I.2.4
subject: 03B35, 03B10, 03B16, 68T27, 68T30, 03A05, 00A30

description: This paper reports on an exploration of Boolos' Curious Inference, using higher-order automated theorem provers (ATPs). Surprisingly, only suitable shorthand notations had to be provided by hand for ATPs to find a short proof. The higher-order lemmas required for constructing a short proof are automatically discovered by the ATPs. Given the observations and suggestions in this paper, full proof automation of Boolos' and related examples now seems to be within reach of higher-order ATPs.
description: 11 pages, 7 appendices (data, proofs and links to proofs); to appear in the Logic Journal of the IGPL
Carrier Confinement in GaN/AlGaN Nanowire Heterostructures for 0 < x <= 1
Creators: name: Furtmayr, F.
name: Teubert, J.
name: Becker, P.
name: Conesa-Boj, S.
name: Morante, J. R.
name: Arbiol, J.
name: Chernikov, A.
name: Schäfer, S.
name: Chatterjee, S.
name: Eickhoff, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The three dimensional carrier confinement in GaN nanodiscs embedded in GaN/AlGaN nanowires and its effect on their photoluminescence properties is analyzed for Al concentrations between x = 0.08 and 1. Structural analysis by high resolution transmission electron microscopy reveals the presence of a lateral AlGaN shell due to a composition dependent lateral growth rate of the barrier material. The structural properties are used as input parameters for three dimensional numerical simulations of the confinement which show that the presence of the AlGaN shell has to be considered to explain the observed dependence of the emission energy on the Al concentration in the barrier. The simulations reveal that the maximum in the emission energy for x ~ 30% is assigned to the smallest lateral strain gradient and consequently the lowest radial internal electric fields in the nanodiscs. Higher Al-concentrations in the barrier cause high radial electric fields that can overcome the exciton binding energy and result in substantially reduced emission intensities. Effects of polarization-induced axial internal electric fields on the photoluminescence characteristics have been investigated using nanowire samples with nanodisc heights ranging between 1.2 nm and 3.5 nm at different Al concentrations. The influence of the quantum confined Stark effect is significantly reduced compared to GaN/AlGaN quantum well structures which is attributed to the formation of misfit dislocations at the heterointerfaces which weakens the internal electric polarization fields.
Combining Photometry and Astrometry to Improve Orbit Retrieval of Directly Imaged Exoplanets
Creators: name: Bruna, Margaret
name: Cowan, Nicolas B.
name: Sheffler, Julia
name: Haggard, Hal M.
name: Bourdon, Audrey
name: Mâlin, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Future missions like Roman, HabEx, and LUVOIR will directly image exoplanets in reflected light. While current near infrared direct imaging searches are only sensitive to young, self-luminous planets whose brightness is independent of their orbital phase, reflected light imaging will reveal changes in planet brightness over the course of an orbit due to phase variations. One of the first objectives will be determining the planet's orbit via astrometry, the projected position of the planet with respect to its host star in the sky plane. We show that phase variations can significantly improve the accuracy and precision of orbital retrieval with two or three direct images. This would speed up the classification of exoplanets and improve the efficiency of subsequent spectroscopic characterization. We develop a forward model to generate synthetic observations of the two dimensional position of the planet with respect to its host star on the sky plane, and the planet/star flux ratio. Synthetic data are fitted with Keplerian orbits and Henyey-Greenstein phase variations to retrieve orbital and phase parameters. For astrometric uncertainties of 0.01 AU in projected separation and flux ratio uncertainties of 10^-12, using photometry in orbit retrieval improves the accuracy of semi-major axis by 47% for two epochs and 61% for three epochs if the phase curves have a known shape, but unknown amplitude. In the more realistic scenario where the shape and amplitude of the phase curve are a priori unknown, photometry still improves accuracy by 16% for two epochs and 50% for three.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, in press
Visual-Inertial Odometry with Online Calibration of Velocity-Control Based Kinematic Motion Models
Creators: name: Li, Haolong
name: Stueckler, Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Visual-inertial odometry (VIO) is an important technology for autonomous robots with power and payload constraints. In this paper, we propose a novel approach for VIO with stereo cameras which integrates and calibrates the velocity-control based kinematic motion model of wheeled mobile robots online. Including such a motion model can help to improve the accuracy of VIO. Compared to several previous approaches proposed to integrate wheel odometer measurements for this purpose, our method does not require wheel encoders and can be applied when the robot motion can be modeled with velocity-control based kinematic motion model. We use radial basis function (RBF) kernels to compensate for the time delay and deviations between control commands and actual robot motion. The motion model is calibrated online by the VIO system and can be used as a forward model for motion control and planning. We evaluate our approach with data obtained in variously sized indoor environments, demonstrate improvements over a pure VIO method, and evaluate the prediction accuracy of the online calibrated model.
description: Accepted by IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L) 2022
A New Dimensionality Reduction Method Based on Hensel's Compression for Privacy Protection in Federated Learning
Creators: name: Ouadrhiri, Ahmed El
name: Abdelhadi, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Differential privacy (DP) is considered a de-facto standard for protecting users' privacy in data analysis, machine, and deep learning. Existing DP-based privacy-preserving training approaches consist of adding noise to the clients' gradients before sharing them with the server. However, implementing DP on the gradient is not efficient as the privacy leakage increases by increasing the synchronization training epochs due to the composition theorem. Recently researchers were able to recover images used in the training dataset using Generative Regression Neural Network (GRNN) even when the gradient was protected by DP. In this paper, we propose two layers of privacy protection approach to overcome the limitations of the existing DP-based approaches. The first layer reduces the dimension of the training dataset based on Hensel's Lemma. We are the first to use Hensel's Lemma for reducing the dimension (i.e., compress) of a dataset. The new dimensionality reduction method allows reducing the dimension of a dataset without losing information since Hensel's Lemma guarantees uniqueness. The second layer applies DP to the compressed dataset generated by the first layer. The proposed approach overcomes the problem of privacy leakage due to composition by applying DP only once before the training; clients train their local model on the privacy-preserving dataset generated by the second layer. Experimental results show that the proposed approach ensures strong privacy protection while achieving good accuracy. The new dimensionality reduction method achieves an accuracy of 97%, with only 25 % of the original data size.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
title: Vergleich von Erkrankungsalter, TNM-Klassifikation und histologische Differenzierung bei Patienten mit HPV-positivem und -negativem Larynxkarzinomen – eine retrospektive Analyse
Creators: name: Hirth, Daniel
name: Stöver, Timo
name: Geißler, Christin
name: Wagenblast, Jens
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: HPV-positive Oropharynx-Karzinome unterscheiden sich bezüglich des Alters bei Erstdiagnose, dem TNM-Stadium sowie dem histologischen Grading von HPV-negativen Oropharynx-Karzinomen. Für HPV-positive Larynxkarzinome ist dieser Zusammenhang bisher weit weniger gut untersucht. Wir[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
NMR probing of the spin polarization of the nu=5/2 quantum Hall state
Creators: name: Stern, M.
name: Piot, B. A.
name: Vardi, Y.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Plochocka, P.
name: Maude, D. K.
name: Bar-Joseph, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistively detected nuclear magnetic resonance is used to measure the Knight shift of the As nuclei and determine the electron spin polarization of the fractional quantum Hall states of the second Landau level. We show that the 5/2 state is fully polarized within experimental error, thus confirming a fundamental assumption of the Moore-Read theory. We measure the electron heating under radio frequency excitation, and show that we are able to detect NMR at electron temperatures down to 30 mK.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Analytic solution of the exact Daum-Huang flow equation for particle filters
Creators: name: Törő, Olivér
name: Bécsi, Tamás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: State estimation for nonlinear systems, especially in high dimensions, is a generally intractable problem, despite the ever-increasing computing power. Efficient algorithms usually apply a finite-dimensional model for approximating the probability density of the state vector or treat the estimation problem numerically. In 2007 Daum and Huang introduced a novel particle filter approach that uses a homotopy-induced particle flow for the Bayesian update step. Multiple types of particle flows were derived since with different properties. The exact flow considered in this work is a first-order linear ordinary time-varying inhomogeneous differential equation for the particle motion. An analytic solution in the interval [0,1] is derived for the scalar measurement case, which enables significantly faster computation of the Bayesian update step for particle filters.
Engineering Higgs dynamics by spectral singularities
Creators: name: Collado, H. P. Ojeda
name: Defenu, Nicolò
name: Lorenzana, José
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We generalize the dynamical phase diagram of a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer condensate, considering attractive to repulsive, i.e., critical quenches (CQ) and a non-constant density of states (DOS). We show that different synchronized Higgs dynamical phases can be stabilized, associated with singularities in the density of states (DOS) and different quench protocols. In particular, the CQ can stabilize an overlooked high-frequency Higgs dynamical phase related to the upper edge of the fermionic band. For a compensated Dirac system we find a Dirac-Higgs mode associated with the cusp singularity at the Fermi level, and we show that synchronized phases become more pervasive across the phase diagram. The relevance of these remarkable phenomena and their realization in ensembles of fermionic cold atoms confined in optical lattices is also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Enhanced $2π$-periodic Aharonov-Bohm Effect as a Signature of Majorana Zero Modes Probed by Nonlocal Measurements
Creators: name: Sugeta, Masayuki
name: Mizushima, Takeshi
name: Fujimoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose the $2π$-periodic Aharonov-Bohm (AB) effect as a nonlocal probe of Majorana zero modes (MZMs) without the restriction of fermion parity. We demonstrate the enhancement of the AB effect, where the topological protection of MZMs yields amplified and robust Andreev reflection mediated by MZMs at multiple superconductor-normal metal junctions. We investigate the influence of trivial bound states and show that a nonlocal index enables a more explicit distinction between the trivial and topological bound states than local probes.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Global variation of the dust-to-gas ratio in evolving protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Hughes, Anna L. H.
name: Armitage, Philip J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theories suggest planetesimal formation via streaming and/or gravitational instabilities may be triggered by localized enhancements in the dust-to-gas ratio, and one hypothesis is that sufficient enhancements may be produced in the pile-up of small solid particles inspiralling under aerodynamic drag from the large mass reservoir in the outer disc. Studies of particle pile-up in static gas discs have provided partial support for this hypothesis. Here, we study the radial and temporal evolution of the dust-to-gas ratio in turbulent discs, that evolve under the action of viscosity and photoevaporation. We find that particle pile-ups do not generically occur within evolving discs, particularly if the introduction of large grains is restricted to the inner, dense regions of a disc. Instead, radial drift results in depletion of solids from the outer disc, while the inner disc maintains a dust-to-gas ratio that is within a factor of ~2 of the initial value. We attribute this result to the short time-scales for turbulent diffusion and radial advection (with the mean gas flow) in the inner disc. We show that the qualitative evolution of the dust-to-gas ratio depends only weakly upon the parameters of the disc model (the disc mass, size, viscosity, and value of the Schmidt number), and discuss the implications for planetesimal formation via collective instabilities. Our results suggest that in discs where there is a significant level of midplane turbulence and accretion, planetesimal formation would need to be possible in the absence of large-scale enhancements. Instead, trapping and concentration of particles within local turbulent structures may be required as a first stage of planetesimal formation.
description: Accepted by Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society on the 8th of March 2012. 20 pages. 16 figures
Low frequency noise due to magnetic inhomogeneities in submicron FeCoB/MgO/FeCoB magnetic tunnel junctions
Creators: name: Herranz, D.
name: Gomez-Ibarlucea, A.
name: Schäfers, M.
name: Lara, A.
name: Reiss, G.
name: Aliev, F. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on room temperature low frequency noise due to magnetic inhomogeneities/domain walls (MI/DWs) in elliptic submicron FeCoB/MgO/FeCoB magnetic tunnel junctions with an area between 0.0245 and 0.0675μm2. In the smaller area junctions we found an unexpected random telegraph noise (RTN1), deeply in the parallel state, possibly due to stray field induced MI/DWs in the hard layer. The second noise source (RTN2) is observed in the antiparallel state for the largest junctions. Strong asymmetry of RTN2 and of related resistance steps with current indicate spin torque acting on the MI/DWs in the soft layer at current densities below 5x10^5 A/cm2.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
title: Einfluss des primären Behandlungskonzeptes auf die regionale Tumorkontrolle fortgeschrittener Oropharynxkarziome
Creators: name: Hoch, Stephan
name: Bohne, Franziska
name: Teymoortash, Afshin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die primäre Radiochemotherapie gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung bei der Behandlung fortgeschrittener Oropharynxkarzinome. Unklar ist bislang, ob die regionale Tumorkontrolle bei erfolgreicher Behandlung des Primärtumors von der Wahl des primären Behandlungskonzeptes abhängig[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie
Dusty, Self-obscured Transients from Stellar Coalescence
Creators: name: MacLeod, Morgan
name: De, Kishalay
name: Loeb, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the central role that dust condensation plays in shaping the observational appearance of outflows from coalescing binary systems. As binaries begin to coalesce, they shock-heat and expel material into their surroundings. Depending on the properties of the merging system, this material can expand to the point where molecules and dust form, dramatically increasing the gas opacity. We use the existing population of Luminous Red Novae (LRNe) to constrain the thermodynamics of these ejecta, then apply our findings to the progressive obscuration of merging systems in the lead in to their coalescence. Compact progenitor stars near the main sequence or in the Hertzsprung gap along with massive progenitor stars have sufficiently hot circumstellar material to remain unobscured by dust. By contrast, more extended, low-mass giants should become completely optically obscured by dust formation in the circumbinary environment. We predict that 30--50\% of stellar coalescence transients for solar-mass stars will be dusty, infrared-luminous sources. Of these, the optical transients may selectively trace complete merger outcomes while the infrared transients trace common envelope ejection outcomes.
description: v2, published in AAS Journals
title: Inflammation und Metastasierung von Larynxkarzinomen
Creators: name: Höing, Benedikt
name: Lang, Stephan
name: Kanaan, Oliver
name: Schlüter, Anke
name: Kansy, Benjamin
name: Petri, Robert
name: Brandau, Sven
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Im Tumormikromilieu kommt es zu einer intensiven Interaktion von Tumorzellen und tumorinfiltrierenden stromalen Wirtszellen. Die Biologie und das Metastasierungsverhalten von Tumoren werden durch diese inflammatorische Reaktion maßgeblich beeinflusst. Ziel dieser Studie war es, das [zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 87. Jahresversammlung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Hals-Nasen-Ohren-Heilkunde, Kopf- und Hals-Chirurgie