Single organelle function and organization as estimated from Arabidopsis mitochondrial proteomics
Creators: name: Fuchs, Philippe
name: Rugen, Nils
name: Carrie, Chris
name: Elsässer, Marlene
name: Finkemeier, Iris
name: Giese, Jonas
name: Hildebrandt, Tatjana M.
name: Kühn, Kristina
name: Maurino, Veronica G.
name: Ruberti, Cristina
name: Schallenberg-Rüdinger, Mareike
name: Steinbeck, Janina
name: Braun, Hans-Peter
name: Eubel, Holger
name: Meyer, Etienne H.
name: Müller-Schüssele, Stefanie J.
name: Schwarzländer, Markus
Publisher: name: Oxford [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: antioxidant defence
subject: Arabidopsis thaliana
subject: cofactor synthesis
subject: intensity-based absolute quantification
subject: mitochondrial fission
subject: mitochondrial genome
subject: oxidative phosphorylation
subject: plant mitochondrion
subject: proteomics
subject: RNA editing
subject: single organelle
subject: TCA cycle
subject: Antioxidants
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biosynthesis
subject: Cell proliferation
subject: Chemical analysis
subject: Gene expression
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Phosphorylation
subject: Plants (botany)
subject: Proteins
subject: Absolute quantification
subject: Antioxidant defence
subject: Cofactors
subject: Mitochondrial genomes
subject: Oxidative phosphorylation
subject: Plant mitochondria
subject: Proteomics
subject: Mitochondria
subject: Chemical Analysis
subject: Arabidopsis protein
subject: proteome
subject: Arabidopsis
subject: cell organelle
subject: genetics
subject: metabolism
subject: mitochondrion
subject: organelle biogenesis
subject: protein database
subject: Arabidopsis Proteins
subject: Databases, Protein
subject: Organelle Biogenesis
subject: Organelles
subject: Proteome
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::580 | Pflanzen (Botanik)

description: Mitochondria host vital cellular functions, including oxidative phosphorylation and co-factor biosynthesis, which are reflected in their proteome. At the cellular level plant mitochondria are organized into hundreds of discrete functional entities, which undergo dynamic fission and fusion. It is the individual organelle that operates in the living cell, yet biochemical and physiological assessments have exclusively focused on the characteristics of large populations of mitochondria. Here, we explore the protein composition of an individual average plant mitochondrion to deduce principles of functional and structural organisation. We perform proteomics on purified mitochondria from cultured heterotrophic Arabidopsis cells with intensity-based absolute quantification and scale the dataset to the single organelle based on criteria that are justified by experimental evidence and theoretical considerations. We estimate that a total of 1.4 million protein molecules make up a single Arabidopsis mitochondrion on average. Copy numbers of the individual proteins span five orders of magnitude, ranging from &gt;40 000 for Voltage-Dependent Anion Channel 1 to sub-stoichiometric copy numbers, i.e. less than a single copy per single mitochondrion, for several pentatricopeptide repeat proteins that modify mitochondrial transcripts. For our analysis, we consider the physical and chemical constraints of the single organelle and discuss prominent features of mitochondrial architecture, protein biogenesis, oxidative phosphorylation, metabolism, antioxidant defence, genome maintenance, gene expression, and dynamics. While assessing the limitations of our considerations, we exemplify how our understanding of biochemical function and structural organization of plant mitochondria can be connected in order to obtain global and specific insights into how organelles work.