cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurement of (anti)alpha production in central Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter, measurements of (anti)alpha production in central (0$-$10%) Pb$-$Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon$-$nucleon pair of $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}$ = 5.02 TeV are presented, including the first measurement of an antialpha transverse-momentum spectrum. Owing to its large mass, the production of (anti)alpha is expected to be sensitive to different particle production models. The production yields and transverse-momentum spectra of nuclei are of particular interest because they provide a stringent test of these models. The averaged antialpha and alpha spectrum is compared to the spectra of lighter particles, by including it into a common blast-wave fit capturing the hydrodynamic-like flow of all particles. This fit is indicating that the (anti)alpha also participates in the collective expansion of the medium created in the collision. A blast-wave fit including only protons, (anti)alpha, and other light nuclei results in a similar flow velocity as the fit that includes all particles. A similar flow velocity, but a significantly larger kinetic freeze-out temperature is obtained when only protons and light nuclei are included in the fit. The coalescence parameter $B_4$ is well described by calculations from a statistical hadronization model but significantly underestimated by calculations assuming nucleus formation via coalescence of nucleons. Similarly, the (anti)alpha-to-proton ratio is well described by the statistical hadronization model. On the other hand, coalescence calculations including approaches with different implementations of the (anti)alpha substructure tend to underestimate the data.
description: 29 pages, 5 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 23, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/10257
Thermo-mechanical analysis of thermoelectric devices based on single p-n pair
Creators: name: Tian, Y.
name: Miao, Z.
name: Meng, X.
name: Yan, W.
name: Zhu, M.
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: thermoelectric device
thermoelectric pair
stress
deformation
finite element analysis

description: Thermoelectric devices have significant thermal stress and deformation affected by the temperature difference, which affecting their working stability and life span. In this paper, thermoelectric pairs are allocated in the x, y and z directions respectively to a single thermoelectric pair. And the maximum stress and deformation in all schemes are calculated by the finite element analysis. The results show that the interaction of the thermoelectric pairs in the z direction makes the maximum stress and the deformation decrease. The interaction of the z-direction thermoelectric pairs is beneficial to the reliability of thermoelectric devices. When designing thermoelectric devices, reducing the number of arrangement in the x, y directions and increasing the number of arrangement in the z direction can effectively improve their working stability and life span.
Measurements of chemical potentials in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter presents the most precise measurement to date of the matter-antimatter imbalance at midrapidity in Pb-Pb collisions at a center-of-mass energy per nucleon pair $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}} = 5.02$ TeV. Using the Statistical Hadronization framework, it is possible to obtain the value of the electric charge and baryon chemical potentials, $μ_Q=-0.18\pm0.90$ MeV and $μ_B=0.71\pm0.45$ MeV, with unprecedented precision. A centrality-differential study of the antiparticle-to-particle yield ratios of charged pions, protons, $Ω$-baryons, and light (hyper)nuclei is performed. These results indicate that the system created in Pb-Pb collisions at the LHC is on average baryon-free and electrically neutral at midrapidity.
description: 28 pages, 6 captioned figures, 3 tables, authors from page 22, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/10275
Enhancement of Bengali OCR by Specialized Models and Advanced Techniques for Diverse Document Types
Creators: name: Rabby, AKM Shahariar Azad
name: Ali, Hasmot
name: Islam, Md. Majedul
name: Abujar, Sheikh
name: Rahman, Fuad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research paper presents a unique Bengali OCR system with some capabilities. The system excels in reconstructing document layouts while preserving structure, alignment, and images. It incorporates advanced image and signature detection for accurate extraction. Specialized models for word segmentation cater to diverse document types, including computer-composed, letterpress, typewriter, and handwritten documents. The system handles static and dynamic handwritten inputs, recognizing various writing styles. Furthermore, it has the ability to recognize compound characters in Bengali. Extensive data collection efforts provide a diverse corpus, while advanced technical components optimize character and word recognition. Additional contributions include image, logo, signature and table recognition, perspective correction, layout reconstruction, and a queuing module for efficient and scalable processing. The system demonstrates outstanding performance in efficient and accurate text extraction and analysis.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, 4 table Link of the paper https://openaccess.thecvf.com/content/WACV2024W/WVLL/html/Rabby_Enhancement_of_Bengali_OCR_by_Specialized_Models_and_Advanced_Techniques_WACVW_2024_paper.html
Observations of the Optical Afterglow of GRB 050319 : Wind to ISM transition in view
Creators: name: Kamble, Atish
name: Resmi, L.
name: Misra, Kuntal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collapse of a massive star is believed to be the most probable progenitor of a long GRB. Such a star is expected to modify its environment by stellar wind. The effect of such a circum-stellar wind medium is expected to be seen in the evolution of a GRB afterglow, but has so far not been conclusively found. We claim that a signature of wind to constant density medium transition of circum-burst medium is visible in the afterglow of GRB 050319. Along with the optical observations of the afterglow of GRB 050319 we present a model for the multiband afterglow of GRB 050319. We show that the break seen in optical light curve at $\sim$ 0.02 day could be explained as being due to wind to constant density medium transition of circum-burst medium, in which case, to our knowledge, this could be the first ever detection of such a transition at any given frequency band. Detection of such a transition could also serve as a confirmation of massive star collapse scenario for GRB progenitors, independent of supernova signatures.
description: 11 pages, 3 tables, 1 figures
Some problems with the concept of literary influence : the case of Virginia Woolf and Garcia Marquez
Creators: name: Dolhanty, Joanne Marie
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The concept of literary influence has been for some time a topic of confusion and controversy. Its ill-defined methods and objectives as well as its tenuous conclusions have led many scholars to reject the concept and to propose alternative approaches to the study of literature. Still others defend it as a valuable means of studying both individual works and literary relationships. In the midst of, or in spite of, this debate, the fact remains that influence studies themselves persist, their authors presumably undaunted by the problems in the field. This thesis is an attempt to investigate the question of literary influence not through the rejection or support of its claims but rather through an exposure of its presuppositions and its predetermined conclusions. Examination of the literature in the area shows these presuppositions to include the assumption of a traditional chronological system in which linearity necessarily implies causality, sequence meaning, and originality worth. The hypothesis that Gabriel Garcia Marquez was influenced by Virginia Woolf is studied here in the light of this exposure of the assumptions of influence theory. A review of the various discussions of this possible case of influence shows that the critics, whether supporting or denying the claim, (unconsciously) adhere to the assumptions of the theory and allow their conclusions to be (pre)determined as much by those assumptions as by the presence or absence of textual parallels. Furthermore, it is demonstrated the the narrative effort of Woolf and Garcia Marquez has been to subvert, or deconstruct, that same system of assumptions. My comparison of texts by these two authors has as its purpose neither the "proof" nor the denial of an influence but rather the demonstration of that deconstructive effort and hence of the prescriptive nature of influence theory which would ignore that effort in its imposition of a conventional reading.
Predicting transitions in cooperation levels from network connectivity
Creators: name: Zhuk, A.
name: Sendiña-Nadal, I.
name: Leyva, I.
name: Musatov, D.
name: Raigorodskii, A. M.
name: Perc, M.
name: Boccaletti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Networks determine our social circles and the way we cooperate with others. We know that topological features like hubs and degree assortativity affect cooperation, and we know that cooperation is favoured if the benefit of the altruistic act divided by the cost exceeds the average number of neighbours. However, a simple rule that would predict cooperation transitions on an arbitrary network has not yet been presented. Here we show that the unique sequence of degrees in a network can be used to predict at which game parameters major shifts in the level of cooperation can be expected, including phase transitions from absorbing to mixed strategy phases. We use the evolutionary prisoner's dilemma game on random and scale-free networks to demonstrate the prediction, as well as its limitations and possible pitfalls. We observe good agreements between the predictions and the results obtained with concurrent and Monte Carlo methods for the update of the strategies, thus providing a simple and fast way to estimate the outcome of evolutionary social dilemmas on arbitrary networks without the need of actually playing the game.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
title: Cell junctions and oral health
Creators: name: Samiei, Mohammad
name: Ahmadian, Elham
name: Eftekhari, Aziz
name: Eghbal, Mohammad Ali
name: Rezaie, Fereshte
name: Vinken, Mathieu
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: tight junction
gap junction
anchoring junction
oral health
oral disease

description: The oral cavity and its appendices are exposed to considerable environmental and mechanical stress. Cell junctions play a pivotal role in this context. Among those, gap junctions permit the exchange of compounds between cells, thereby controlling processes such as cell growth and differentiation. Tight junctions restrict paracellular transportation and inhibit movement of integral membrane proteins between the different plasma membrane poles. Adherens junctions attach cells one to another and provide a solid backbone for resisting to mechanistical stress. The integrity of oral mucosa, normal tooth development and saliva secretion depend on the proper function of all these types of cell junctions. Furthermore, deregulation of junctional proteins and/or mutations in their genes can alter tissue functioning and may result in various human disorders, including dental and periodontal problems, salivary gland malfunction, hereditary and infectious diseases as well as tumorigenesis. The present manuscript reviews the role of cell junctions in the (patho)physiology of the oral cavity and its appendices, including salivary glands.
description: EXCLI Journal; 18:Doc317; ISSN 1611-2156
Effect of dephasing on the current through a periodically driven quantum point contact
Creators: name: Ermakov, Igor
name: Lychkovskiy, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider two one-dimensional quantum $XX$ magnets linked by a periodically driven quantum point contact (QPC). If magnets are initially polarized in opposite directions, one expects that a spin current through the QPC will establish. It has been shown recently [Phys. Rev. B 103, L041405 (2021)] that, in fact, when the driving frequency exceeds a critical value, the current halts completely, the QPC being effectively insulating. Here we enquire how this picture is affected by quantum dephasing. Our findings reveal that any non-zero dephasing restores the current.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Origin of electron-hole asymmetry in the scanning tunneling spectrum of $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}$
Creators: name: Nieminen, Jouko
name: Lin, Hsin
name: Markiewicz, R. S.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a material specific theoretical framework for modelling scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) of high temperature superconducting materials in the normal as well as the superconducting state. Results for $Bi_2Sr_2CaCu_2O_{8+δ}$ (Bi2212) show clearly that the tunneling process strongly modifies the STS spectrum from the local density of states (LDOS) of the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbital of Cu. The dominant tunneling channel to the surface Bi involves the $d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbitals of the four neighbouring Cu atoms. In accord with experimental observations, the computed spectrum displays a remarkable asymmetry between the processes of electron injection and extraction, which arises from contributions of Cu $d_{z^2}$ and other orbitals to the tunneling current.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published in PRL
Avoidable Sets in The Bicyclic Inverse Semigroup
Creators: name: Sieben, Nandor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M18, 05C15

description: A subset $U$ of a set $S$ with a binary operation is called {\it avoidable} if $S$ can be partitioned into two subsets $A$ and $B$ such that no element of $U$ can be written as a product of two distinct elements of $A$ or as the product of two distinct elements of $B$. The avoidable sets of the bicyclic inverse semigroup are classified.
The extragalactic radio-source population at 95 GHz
Creators: name: Sadler, Elaine M.
name: Ricci, Roberto
name: Ekers, Ronald D.
name: Sault, Robert J.
name: Jackson, Carole A.
name: De Zotti, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) at 95GHz to carry out continuum observations of 130 extragalactic radio sources selected from the Australia Telescope 20GHz (AT20G) survey. Over 90% of these sources are detected at 95 GHz, and we use a triple-correlation method to measure simultaneous 20 and 95 GHz flux densities. We show that the ATCA can measure 95GHz flux densities to ~10% accuracy in a few minutes for sources above ~50mJy. The median 20-95GHz spectral index does not vary significantly with flux density for extragalactic sources with S20>150 mJy. This allows us to estimate the extragalactic radio source counts at 95GHz by combining our observed 20-95GHz spectral-index distribution with the accurate 20GHz source counts measured in the AT20G survey. The resulting 95GHz source counts down to 80 mJy are significantly lower than those found by several previous studies. The main reason is that most radio sources with flat or rising spectra in the frequency range 5-20GHz show a spectral turnover between 20 and 95 GHz. As a result, there are fewer 95GHz sources (by almost a factor of two at 0.1 Jy) than would be predicted on the basis of extrapolation from the source populations seen in lower-frequency surveys. We also derive the predicted confusion noise in CMB surveys at 95GHz and find a value 20-30% lower than previous estimates. The 95GHz source population at the flux levels probed by this study is dominated by QSOs with a median redshift z~1. We find a correlation between optical magnitude and 95GHz flux density which suggests that many of the brightest 95 GHz sources are relativistically beamed, with both the optical and millimetre continuum significantly brightened by Doppler boosting.
description: Replaced with final version (MNRAS, in press), 15 pages plus two landscape data tables
Nonhelical mean-field dynamos in a sheared turbulence
Creators: name: Rogachevskii, I.
name: Kleeorin, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanisms of nonhelical large-scale dynamos (shear-current dynamo and effect of homogeneous kinetic helicity fluctuations with zero mean) in a homogeneous turbulence with large-scale shear are discussed. We have found that the shear-current dynamo can act even in random flows with small Reynolds numbers. However, in this case mean-field dynamo requires small magnetic Prandtl numbers (i.e., ${\rm Pm} < {\rm Pm}^{\rm cr}<1$). The threshold in the magnetic Prandtl number, ${\rm Pm}^{\rm cr} = 0.24$, is determined using second order correlation approximation (or first-order smoothing approximation) for a background random flow with a scale-dependent viscous correlation time $τ_c=(νk^2)^{-1}$ (where $ν$ is the kinematic viscosity of the fluid and $k$ is the wave number). For turbulent flows with large Reynolds numbers shear-current dynamo occurs for arbitrary magnetic Prandtl numbers. This dynamo effect represents a very generic mechanism for generating large-scale magnetic fields in a broad class of astrophysical turbulent systems with large-scale shear. On the other hand, mean-field dynamo due to homogeneous kinetic helicity fluctuations alone in a sheared turbulence is not realistic for a broad class of astrophysical systems because it requires a very specific random forcing of kinetic helicity fluctuations that contains, e.g., low-frequency oscillations.
description: 5 pages, Astronomische Nachrichten, in press
Richard Breitman, Der Architekt der „Endlösung". Himmler und die Vernichtung der europäischen Juden
Creators: name: Battenberg, J. Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1998

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 47 Nr. 2 (1998)
Asymmetric Bethe Ansatz
Creators: name: Jackson, Steven G.
name: Perrin, Hélène
name: Astrakharchik, Gregory E.
name: Olshanii, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently proposed exact quantum solution for two $δ$-function-interacting particles with a mass-ratio $3\!:\!1$ in a hard-wall box [Y. Liu, F. Qi, Y. Zhang and S. Chen, iScience 22, 181 (2019)] violates the conventional necessary condition for a Bethe Ansatz integrability, the condition being that the system must be reducible to a superposition of semi-transparent mirrors that is invariant under all the reflections it generates. In this article, we found a way to relax this condition: some of the semi-transparent mirrors of a known self-invariant mirror superposition can be replaced by the perfectly reflecting ones, thus breaking the self-invariance. The proposed name for the method is \emph{Asymmetric Bethe Ansatz} (Asymmetric BA). As a worked example, we study in detail the bound states of the nominally non-integrable system comprised of a bosonic dimer in a $δ$-well. Finally, we show that the exact solution of the Liu-Qi-Zhang-Chen problem is a particular instance of the the Asymmetric BA.
Threats and Limitations of Terrestrial Broadcast Attacks
Creators: name: Michele, Benjamin
name: Pena, Ivan
name: Angueira, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The DVB standard does not mandate the use of authentication and integrity protection for transport streams. This allows malicious third parties to replace legitimate broadcasts by overpowering terrestrial transmissions. The rogue signal can then deliver a malicious broadcast stream to exploit security vulnerabilities on Smart TVs (STVs) in range. We implemented a proof-of-concept attack based on a malicious Hybrid Broadcast Broadband TV app, able to acquire permanent system-level access to an STV over the air, in less than 10 s. These attacks, however, are severely limited in range due to required co-channel protection ratios (CCPRs), which is in direct contradiction to previous publications. We present evidence for these limitations in form of laboratory experiments, extensive simulations, and field measurements. To this end, we developed an automated, low-cost method for CCPR determination, as well as a method for non-disruptive attack range measurements based on a gap filler and the resulting channel impulse response.
description: 13 pages
A Two-Kind-Boson Mixture Honeycomb Hamiltonian of Bloch Exciton-Polaritons
Creators: name: Pan, Haining
name: Winkler, K.
name: Powlowski, Mats
name: Xie, Ming
name: Schade, A.
name: Emmerling, M.
name: Kamp, M.
name: Klemt, S.
name: Schneider, C.
name: Byrnes, Tim
name: Hoefling, S.
name: Kim, Na Young
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic bandstructure of a solid is a collection of allowed bands separated by forbidden bands, revealing the geometric symmetry of the crystal structures. Comprehensive knowledge of the bandstructure with band parameters explains intrinsic physical, chemical and mechanical properties of the solid. Here we report the artificial polaritonic bandstructures of two-dimensional honeycomb lattices for microcavity exciton-polaritons using GaAs semiconductors in the wide-range detuning values, from cavity-photon-like (red-detuned) to exciton-like (blue-detuned) regimes. In order to understand the experimental bandstructures and their band parameters, such as gap energies, bandwidths, hopping integrals and density of states, we originally establish a polariton band theory within an augmented plane wave method with two-kind-bosons, cavity photons trapped at the lattice sites and freely moving excitons. In particular, this two-kind-band theory is absolutely essential to elucidate the exciton effect in the bandstructures of blue-detuned exciton-polaritons, where the flattened exciton-like dispersion appears at larger in-plane momentum values captured in our experimental access window. We reach an excellent agreement between theory and experiments in all detuning values.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Anton Gnirs, Topographie der historischen und kunstgeschichtlichen Denkmale in dem Bezirke Karlsbad (Prag 1933)
Creators: name: Hilsch, Peter
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1998

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 47 Nr. 1 (1998)
Stokes trapping and planet formation
Creators: name: Wilkinson, M.
name: Mehlig, B.
name: Uski, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is believed that planets are formed by aggregation of dust particles suspended in the turbulent gas forming accretion disks around developing stars. We describe a mechanism, termed 'Stokes trapping', by which turbulence limits the growth of aggregates of dust particles, so that their Stokes number (defined as the ratio of the damping time of the particles to the Kolmogorov dissipation timescale) remains close to unity. We discuss possible mechanisms for avoiding this barrier to further growth. None of these is found to be satisfactory and we introduce a new theory which does not involve the growth of small clusters of dust grains.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures. Revised version has improved concluding remarks, extended discussion of sticking velocity
Making identity assurance and authentication strength work for federated infrastructures
Creators: name: Ziegler, J. A.
name: Stevanovic, U.
name: Groep, D.
name: Neilson, I.
name: Kelsey, D. P.
name: Kremers, M.
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2021

description: In both higher Research and Education (R&E) as well as in research-/ e-infrastructures (in short: infrastructures), federated access and single sign-on by way of national federations, operated in most cases by NRENs, are used as a means to provide users with access to a variety of services. Whereas in national federations institutional accounts, e.g. provided by a university, are typically used to access services, many infrastructures also accept other sources of identity: provided by ''community identity providers'', social identity providers, or governmental IDs. In order to assess and communicate the quality of identities being used and authentications being performed, so called Level of Assurance (LoA) frameworks are used. Because sophisticated LoA frameworks like NIST 800-63-3, Kantara IAF 1420 or eIDAS regulation are often considered too complex to be used in R&E scenarios, the REFEDS Assurance Suite, a more lightweight approach, has been developed. To select an appropriate assurance level, Service Providers need to weigh risks and potential harms in relation to the kind of service they offer. However, the management of risks is often implicitly assumed and little or no guidance to determine the appropriate assurance level is given. In this paper, first, common LoA frameworks and their relation to risk management are investigated. Following that, their components are compared against the REFEDS Assurance Suite using a graphical representation. The focus of this paper lies in providing guidance and best practices based on example scenarios for both Service Providers to request the appropriate REFEDS assurance level, as well as for Identity Provider operators on how to implement REFEDS assurance components.
Helmut Steege, Erinnerungen aus dem Spannungsfeld zweier Nationen. Erlebnisse im deutsch-polnischen Grenzgebiet 1920-1940
Creators: name: Kessler, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1995

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 44 Nr. 1 (1995)
Preconditions for using CRISPR systems to enhance cognitive traits
Creators: name: Moreno Muñoz, Miguel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: cognitive traits, cognitive enhancement, gene editing, CRISPR systems, ethics

description: My contribution is focused on the processes that an organism uses to organize information (cognition), and the potential of CRISPR systems to improve cognitive function or specific traits in their subsystems. Enhacement means here "amplification or extension of the basic capabilities of the mind, by increasing or optimizing its information processing subsystems". And it is referred to the initial stage of non-pathological functionality/performance. Although clear progresses for similar purposes has been achieved using external devices (hardware and software) that gives human beings effective cognitive abilities, in many respects far outstrip those of biological brains, I'm interested in exploring the potential applications of internal alternatives for similar goals.  In particular, the transition from early clinical trials of gene therapy --which, despite mixed outcomes, paved the way for current clinical applications-- to upcoming clinical trials based on the CRISPR systems as novel gene-editing techniques that offers precise mechanisms of human genome modification. The CRISPR/Cas9 technology, despite its superior efficiency, ease-of-use and low cost has clear limitations: lack of accuracy, off-target effects, and embryo mosaicism (in germline editing). In conclusion, the CRISPR/Cas systems are now the most promising tool for precise gene editing, but still experimental, and for this reason “this technology has not fundamentally changed the ethical issues surrounding gene therapy and genetic engineering” (Memi et al. 2018). It would be ethically acceptable on somatic cells, under usual clinical trials; but, for germline gene-editing, there are fundamental objections concerning necessity -IVF in combination with pre-implantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) to select for healthy embryos is sufficient to manage the vast majority of monogenic diseases--; or adoption, when donor gametes and same-sex marriage are becoming increasingly common family schemes.
description: Presented at the "Third International Workshop on Ethics and Human Enhancement", Session II, in School of Architecture, Granada (Spain), June 3-4, 2019.
With support from: a)  R&D Project [ref. FFI2016-79000-P] "Artificial Intelligence and biotechnology for moral enhancement. Ethical aspects." Programme for the Promotion of Scientific and Technical Research of Excellence, State Subprogramme for the Generation of Knowledge (Oct. 2016 - Sept. 2019); b) The Oxford Uehiro Centre for Practical Ethics; c) the Wellcome Centre for Ethics and Humanities, University of Oxford. d) FiloLab, University of Granada;
Götz Aly, "Endlösung". Völkerverschiebung und der Mord an den europäischen Juden
Creators: name: Battenberg, J. Friedrich
Publisher: name: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung
Year: 1997

description: Zeitschrift für Ostmitteleuropa-Forschung, Bd. 46 Nr. 1 (1997)
Chodsigoa hoffmanni Chen 2017
Creators: name: Naven Kumar, R K
name: Sivalingam, Azhagu Madhavan
name: Alex, Arockia
name: Brahma, Neha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Chodsigoa
Chodsigoa hoffmanni

description: Chodsigoa hoffmanni Chen et al., 2017
Three specimens were collected on a trap-line in dense bamboo shrubs at an altitude of 2100 m (Table 1). Lunde et al. (2003) reported the occurrence of this species at lower elevations (1500– 1600 and 1900–2000 m), thus the altitudinal range on Mt. Tay Con Linh is 1500–2100 m. Although this species was reported as Chodsigoa parca by Lunde et al. (2003), specimens from Yunnan Province in China and Mt. Tay Con Linh were subsequently separated and described as a new species, Cho. hoffmanni, by Chen et al. (2017). Chodsigoa hoffmanni is now known only from Mt. Tay Con Linh in Vietnam and Wuliang Shan and Ailao Shan in Yunnan Province in China (He, 2018c).
description: Published as part of Naven Kumar, R K, Sivalingam, Azhagu Madhavan, Alex, Arockia & Brahma, Neha, 2021, Shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from Mt. Tay Con Linh, Ha Giang Province, northeast Vietnam, pp. 43-53 in Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 47 (1) on page 46, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.47.1_43, http://zenodo.org/record/12569577
Ovarian Cancer Detection based on Dimensionality Reduction Techniques and Genetic Algorithm
Creators: name: Seddik, Ahmed Farag
name: Ahmed, Hassan Mostafa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this research, we have two serum SELDI (surface-enhanced laser desorption and ionization) mass spectra (MS) datasets to be used to select features amongst them to identify proteomic cancerous serums from normal serums. Features selection techniques have been applied and classification techniques have been applied as well. Amongst the features selection techniques we have chosen to evaluate the performance of PCA (Principal Component Analysis ) and GA (Genetic algorithm), and amongst the classification techniques we have chosen the LDA (Linear Discriminant Analysis) and Neural networks so as to evaluate the ability of the selected features in identifying the cancerous patterns. Results were obtained for two combinations of features selection techniques and classification techniques, the first one was PCA+(t-test) technique for features selection and LDA for accuracy tracking yielded an accuracy of 93.0233 % , the other one was genetic algorithm and neural network yielded an accuracy of 100%. So, we conclude that GA is more efficient for features selection and hence for cancerous patterns detection than PCA technique.
description: 7 Pages
Two-particle Azimuthal Correlations of High-pT Charged Hadrons at the CERN SPS
Creators: name: Szuba, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-particle azimuthal correlations of high-pT hadrons can serve as a probe of interactions of partons with the dense medium produced in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. First NA49 results on such correlations are presented for central and mid-central Pb+Pb collisions at 158A GeV beam energy, for different centrality bins and charge combinations of trigger and associate particles. These results feature a flattened away-side peak in the most central collisions, which is consistent with expectations of the medium-interaction scenario. A comparison with CERES Pb+Au results at the same energy, as well as with PHENIX Au+Au results at the top RHIC energy, is provided.
description: Poster proceedings of Quark Matter 2008, to be published in Indian Journal of Physics. 4 pages, 3 figures
Cimicomanes usingeri Kiritshenko 1959
Creators: name: Heiss, Ernst
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Aradidae
Cimicomanes
Cimicomanes usingeri

description: Cimicomanes usingeri Kiritshenko, 1959
Cimicomanes usingeri Kiritshenko, 1959:190. HT 3: Madagascar (Analamasotra – Périnet [=Andasibe]); ZMAS.
Cimicomanes usingeri Hoberlandt, 1963: 127; Heiss, 1997: 211
Distr.: Madagascar (Ankasoka-Moramanga: Hoberlandt, 1963; Maromizah S Andasibe: Heiss, 1997) Ref.: Hoberlandt, 1963 (distr.); Kormilev & Froeschner, 1987: 127 (cat.); Heiss, 1997 (tax.,key,fig.)
description: Published as part of Heiss, Ernst, 2012, Annotated catalogue of the flat bug family Aradidae Brullé, 1836 of Madagascar and adjacent islands (Hemiptera: Heteroptera), pp. 45-63 in Zootaxa 3426 (1) on page 53, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3426.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/214110
On a previously unpublished work with Ralph Kenna
Creators: name: Kenna, Ralph
name: Berche, Bertrand
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is part of an unpublished work in collaboration with Ralph Kenna. It was probably not mature enough at the time it was submitted more than ten years ago and it was rejected by the editors, but some of the ideas had later been published partially in subsequent works. I believe that this "draft" reveals a lot about Ralph's enthusiasm and audacity and deserves to be published now, maybe as a part of his legacy.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure
Estimating the contribution of foreground halos to the FRB 180924 dispersion measure
Creators: name: Simha, Sunil
name: Tejos, Nicolas
name: Prochaska, J. Xavier
name: Lee, Khee-Gan
name: Ryder, Stuart D.
name: Cantalupo, Sebastiano
name: Bannister, Keith W.
name: Bhandari, Shivani
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fast Radio Burst (FRB) dispersion measures (DMs) record the presence of ionized baryons that are otherwise invisible to other techniques enabling resolution of the matter distribution in the cosmic web. In this work, we aim to estimate the contribution to FRB 180924 DM from foreground galactic halos. Localized by ASKAP to a massive galaxy, this sightline is notable for an estimated cosmic web contribution to the DM ($\rm DM_{cosmic} = 220~pc~cm^{-3}$), which is less than the average value at the host redshift ($\rm z = 0.3216$) estimated from the Macquart relation ($280~\rm pc~cm^{-3}$). In the favored models of the cosmic web, this suggests few intersections with foreground halos at small impact parameters ($\lesssim 100$ kpc). To test this hypothesis, we carried out spectroscopic observations of the field galaxies within $\sim$1' of the sightline with VLT/MUSE and Keck/LRIS. Furthermore, we developed a probabilistic methodology that leverages photometric redshifts derived from wide-field DES and WISE imaging. We conclude that there is no galactic halo that closely intersects the sightline and also that the net DM contribution from halos, $\rm DM_{halos}< 45~pc~cm^{-3}$ (95 % c.l.). This value is lower than the $\rm DM_{halos}$ estimated from an "average" sightline ($121~\rm pc~cm^{-3}$) using the Planck $ΛCDM$ model and the Aemulus halo mass function and reasonably explains its low $\rm DM_{cosmic}$ value. We conclude that FRB 180924 represents the predicted majority of sightlines in the universe with no proximate foreground galactic halos. Our framework lays the foundation for a comprehensive analysis of FRB fields in the near future.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 1 extended, machine-readable table. See latex files for the full version of Table 1 (photom_tab_full.tex)
Photoluminescent properties of the carbon-dimer defect in hexagonal boron-nitride: a many-body finite-size cluster approach
Creators: name: Winter, Michael
name: Bousquet, Manon H. E.
name: Jacquemin, Denis
name: Duchemin, Ivan
name: Blase, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the carbon dimer defect in a hexagonal boron-nitride monolayer using the GW and Bethe-Salpeter many-body perturbation theories within a finite size cluster approach. While quasiparticle energies converge very slowly with system size due to missing long-range polarization effects, optical excitations converge much faster, with a $1/R^3$ scaling law with respect to cluster average radius. We obtain a luminescence zero-phonon energy of 4.36 eV, including significant 0.13 eV zero-point vibrational energy and 0.15 eV reorganization energy contributions. Inter-layer screening decreases further the emission energy by about 0.3 eV. These results bring support to the recent identification of the substitutional carbon dimer as the likely source of the zero-phonon 4.1 eV luminescence line. Finally, the GW quasiparticle energies are extrapolated to the infinite h-BN monolayer limit, leading to a predicted defect HOMO-LUMO photoemission gap of 7.6 eV. Comparison with the optical gap yields a very large excitonic binding energy of 3 eV for the associated localized Frenkel exciton.
description: 6 figures
Formation of the Galactic globular clusters with He-rich stars in low-mass halos virialized at high redshift
Creators: name: Bekki, K.
name: Yahagi, H.
name: Nagashima, M.
name: Forbes, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations have reported that the Galactic globular clusters (GCs) with unusually extended horizontal-branch (EHB) morphologies show a significantly lower velocity dispersion compared with that of the entire Galactic GC system. We consider that the observed distinctive kinematics of GCs with EHB has valuable information on the formation epochs of GCs and accordingly discuss this observational result based on cosmological N-body simulations with a model of GC formation. We assume that GCs in galaxies were initially formed in low-mass halos at high redshifts and we investigate final kinematics of GCs in their host halos at $z=0$. We find that GCs formed in halos virialized at z>10 show lower velocity dispersions on average than those formed at z>6 for halos with GCs at z=0. We thus suggest that the origin of the observed lower velocity dispersion for the Galactic GCs with EHBs is closely associated with earlier formation epochs (z>10) of halos initially hosting the GCs in the course of the Galaxy formation. Considering that the origin of EHBs can be due to the presence of helium-enhanced second-generation stars in GCs, we discuss the longstanding second parameter problem of GCs in the context of different degrees of chemical pollution in GC-forming gas clouds within low-mass halos virialized at different redshifts.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by MNRAS Letters
Construction of second-order six-dimensional Hamiltonian-conserving scheme
Creators: name: Hu, Shiyang
name: Wu, Xin
name: Liang, Enwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown analytically that the energy-conserving implicit nonsymplectic scheme of Bacchini, Ripperda, Chen and Sironi provides a first-order accuracy to numerical solutions of a six-dimensional conservative Hamiltonian system. Because of this, a new second-order energy-conserving implicit scheme is proposed. Numerical simulations of Galactic model hosting a BL Lacertae object and magnetized rotating black hole background support these analytical results. The new method with appropriate time steps is used to explore the effects of varying the parameters on the presence of chaos in the two physical models. Chaos easily occurs in the Galactic model as the mass of the nucleus, the internal perturbation parameter, and the anisotropy of the potential of the elliptical galaxy increase. The dynamics of charged particles around the magnetized Kerr spacetime is easily chaotic for larger energies of the particles, smaller initial angular momenta of the particles, and stronger magnetic fields. The chaotic properties are not necessarily weakened when the black hole spin increases. The new method can be used for any six-dimensional Hamiltonian problems, including globally hyperbolic spacetimes with readily available (3+1) split coordinates.
description: 26 pages,13 figures
Relationship between the WISC-R and the Woodcock-Johnson achievement battery, the B.C. QUIET, and teacher rankings
Creators: name: Hardman, Stephanie Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this present study was threefold: to examine the relationship between the WISC-R (using U.S. and Holmes' B.C. norms) and standardized achievement measures for a local B.C. sample; to draw correlations between standardized measures of achievement and teacher rankings of achievement; and, to investigate the concurrent validity of a B.C. normed and designed achievement test with an achievement test designed for an American audience. The rationale behind the study was to determine if the current use of U.S. norms on the WISC-R for making placement, diagnostic, and programming decisions is appropriate for a local British Columbia sample. Previous research has indicated that Canadian children perform differently on the WISC-R than their American counterparts, and that British Columbian students attain higher WISC-R means with less variance than the U.S. WISC-R standardization population. A sample of 33 students (19 females and 14 males) aged between 11 years 3 months 0 days and 11 years 8 months 30 days was drawn from seven grade six classrooms in the Richmond School District. Each student was administered the WISC-R, the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery: Tests of Achievement, and the B.C. QUIET. Teacher rankings of students' achievement were also gathered. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to calculate the relationship between I.Q. scores and standardized achievement tests. Correlations between teacher rankings and standardized achievement measures were calculated using Spearman's rho for ranked data. The concurrent validity of the B.C. QUIET compared with the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery: Tests of Achievement was determined using Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results indicate that the WISC-R is a useful predictor of school achievement for the sample using either U.S. or Holmes' B.C. norms. Placement decisions, however, should be based on local norms. Correlations between teachers' rankings and achievement test results did not attain significance in most cases. Correlations appeared to vary more across teachers than subject areas. Finally, the concurrent validity of the B.C. QUIET with the Woodcock-Johnson Psycho-Educational Battery: Tests of Achievement, was established as satisfactory.
Chodsigoa caovansunga Lunde 2003
Creators: name: Naven Kumar, R K
name: Sivalingam, Azhagu Madhavan
name: Alex, Arockia
name: Brahma, Neha
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Soricomorpha
Soricidae
Chodsigoa
Chodsigoa caovansunga

description: Chodsigoa caovansunga Lunde et al., 2003
Four specimens were collected between 1300– 2100 m in altitude (Table 1). Specimens were collected from dense bamboo shrubs, disturbed forest, and a Chinese cardamom plantation area. The updated altitudinal range on Mt. Tay Con Linh, including information from Lunde et al. (2003), is 1300–2100 m. At 2100 m, this shrew cooccurs with the congeneric Cho. hoffmanni. In the external and cranial features (Tables 2 & 3, Figs. 3 & 4), Cho. caovansunga is clearly smaller than Cho. hoffmanni, thus distinguishing both species from each other. The features and cranium and mandible measurements of these two species were similar to those of specimens examined by Lunde et al. (2003) (Table 3). Chodsigoa caovansunga was originally described from Mt. Tay Con Linh by Lunde et al. (2003) and is currently known to inhabit only Mt. Tay Con Linh in Vietnam and Yunnan Province in China (He, 2018b).
description: Published as part of Naven Kumar, R K, Sivalingam, Azhagu Madhavan, Alex, Arockia & Brahma, Neha, 2021, Shrews (Mammalia: Eulipotyphla: Soricidae) from Mt. Tay Con Linh, Ha Giang Province, northeast Vietnam, pp. 43-53 in Bulletin of the National Museum of Nature and Science. Series A, Zoology 47 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.50826/bnmnszool.47.1_43, http://zenodo.org/record/12569577