Solanum torvum Sw.
Creators: name: McQuate, Grant T.
name: Liquido, Nicanor J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2013
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Solanales
Solanaceae
Solanum
Solanum torvum

description: Solanum torvum Sw.   
GRIN Nomen number: 101441  
 Family: Solanaceae   
 Common Name: ärtaubergin (Swedish), berenjena cimarrona (Spanish), devil’s-fig (English), jurubeba (Portuguese-Brazil), pea eggplant (English), platebrush (English), pokak (Indonesia), shui qie (Transcribed Chinese), susumber (English), takokak (Indonesia), terong pipit (Malay), terongan (Spanish), Teufels-Nachtschatten (German), turkeyberry (English).   
 Native: NORTHERN AMERICA - southern Mexico; SOUTHERN AMERICA - Caribbean: Antigua and Barbuda - Antigua; Barbados; Cuba; Dominica; Dominican Republic; Grenada; Haiti; Jamaica; Martinique; Montserrat; Puerto Rico; St. Kitts and Nevis; St. Lucia; St. Vincent and Grenadines; Mesoamerica: Belize; Costa Rica; Guatemala; Honduras; Nicaragua; Panama; Northern South America: French Guiana; Guyana; Venezuela; Brazil: Brazil - Rio de Janeiro; Western South America: Colombia; Ecuador.   
 Naturalized: widely naturalized elsewhere.   
 Field Infestation: Allwood et al. 1999: From fruit collections in Peninsular Malaysia (1986 to 1988) and in East Malaysia (Sabah and Sarawak) and Thailand (1990 to 1994) B. latifrons was recovered from 145 samples. No infestation rate data given.   
 Bokonon-Ganta et al. 2007: From October 2003 to August 2006, a total of 26,875 fruits (44.7 kg) was collected on Maui Island. 3,979 B. latifrons puparia were recovered from 14 collections with an overall infestation rate of 88.9 B. latifrons per kg of fruit. From October 2003 to August 2006, a total of 3,624 fruits (6.63 kg) was collected on Oahu Island. 1,634 B. latifrons puparia were recovered from 3 collections with an overall infestation rate of 246.6 B. latifrons per kg of fruit. From October 2003 to August 2006, a total of 9,899 fruits (20.8 kg) was collected on Hawaii Island. 897 B. latifrons puparia were recovered from 12 collections with an overall infestation rate of 43.2 B. latifrons per kg of fruit.   
 Clarke et al. 2001: From 1986 to 1994, a total of 23.3 kg of infested fruits was collected in four regions of Thailand (Chiang Rai, Chiang Mai, Bangkok and Songkhla). Collected fruits had infestation rates of 49.2, 402.3, 105.7 and 73.9 B. latifrons per kg of infested fruits, respectively. Flies identified by either R.A.I. Drew or D.L. Hancock.   
 Liquido et al. 1994: From July 1990 to October 1992, a total of 3,273 fruits (5.23 kg) was collected on Maui Island. Bactrocera latifrons was recovered from 4 of 7 collections (57.1%) with an overall infestation rate of 21.4 B. latifrons per kg of fruit.   
 McQuate et al. 2007: From December 2003 to August 2004, a total of 24,164 turkey berry fruits was collected on Maui Island. 3,700 B. latifrons pupae were recovered.   
 McQuate 2008: From November 2003 to July 2004, a total of 611 (1.08 kg) of “mature green” turkey berry fruits was collected from Iao Valley on Maui Island. Bactrocera latifrons was recovered in 3 of 3 collections (100%) and an overall infestation rate of 172.4 B. latifrons per kg of fruit. During this same period a total of 159 (0.25 kg) “ripe” turkey berry fruits was also collected. Bactrocera latifrons was recovered in 2 of 2 collections (100%) and an overall infestation rate of 190.3 B. latifrons per kg of fruit. From March 2003 to December 2005, a total of 16,080 (29.62 kg) “mature green” turkey berry fruits was collected from Haiku on Maui Island. B. latifrons was recovered in 29 of 30 collections (96.7%) and an overall infestation rate of 168.5 B. latifrons per kg of fruit. During this same period a total of 62,129 (101.1 kg) “ripe” turkey berry fruits was also collected with B. latifrons recovered in 34 of 35 collections (97.1%) with an average infestation rate of 316.8 B. latifrons per kg of fruit.   
 Peck and McQuate 2004: In July 1999, a total of 9,259 fruits (17.39 kg) was collected on Maui Island (Hawaii, U.S.A.). Bactrocera latifrons was recovered with a median infestation rate of 150.0 B. latifrons per kg of fruit.   
 Ramadan and Messing 2003: From January to February 1996 a total of 2.5 kg of fruits was collected from Hatyai, Rattaphum, Bannang, Yala, and Betong, Thailand, from which 28 B. latifrons adults were recovered, with an overall infestation rate of 11.2 B. latifrons per kg of fruit.   
 Listing Only: CAB International 1996; Clausen et al. 1965; Matsuyama et al. 2007; McQuate 2009; Vargas and Nishida 1985a; White and Elson-Harris 1992.
description: Published as part of McQuate, Grant T. & Liquido, Nicanor J., 2013, Annotated World Bibliography of Host Fruits of Bactrocera latifrons (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae), pp. 1-61 in Insecta Mundi 2013 (289) on pages 37-38, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5175793