Protopolybia collombiana Santos, Silveira & Carpenter, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Dos Santos Junior, José N. A.
name: Silveira, Orlando T.
name: Carpenter, James M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Vespidae
Protopolybia
Protopolybia collombiana

description: Protopolybia collombiana Santos, Silveira & Carpenter, sp. nov.
(Figs 41, 43, 45, 71,78, 85)
Protopolybia exigua binominata: Richards 1978: 138, 143 (misidentification).
Diagnosis. Length of fore wing 4.4 mm; clypeus narrow, 1.12 × higher than wide, ventral margin narrowly subtruncated and produced ventrally (Fig. 41); pronotal prominence almost collinear with fovea and pronotal carina (Fig. 43); T1 petiolate, longer than wide; mesoscutum black, rarely with yellow stripes; scutellum yellow; metanotum anteriorly yellow (Fig. 45).
Description. FEMALE. Length of fore wing 4.4 mm; clypeus narrow (HClp=1.12; MxWClp=1.18; TeW=0.88; MiWClp = 0.50 mm), ventral margin narrowly subtruncated and produced ventrally (Fig. 41); tentorial pit nearer to antennal socket than to eye margin; interantennal area narrow, approximately equal to diameter of antennal socket; mandibles relatively short, with length 0.57 × distance between eyes at vertex; occipital carina little developed, extending for three forth of height of gena; pronotal carina obtuse; pronotal prominence almost collinear with fovea and pronotal carina (Fig. 43); mesoscutum as long as wide; mesepisternal groove absent; scrobal groove abbreviated; scutellum with marked median line; metanotum triangular and short, with length 0.72 × width of the central disk; metanotal lobe with apex pointed; propodeum gently convex around narrow median groove; T1 posteriorly triangular, with petiole 1.28 × longer than wide; T1 notably narrower than T2.
Frons, mesoscutum and mesopleuron finely reticulated; scutellum and metanotum with weak punctures anteriorly; metasomal segments reticulated; ventral margin of clypeus with elongated golden bristles; eyes glabrous; body with short bristles, except propodeum and anterior portion of T1, with long and sparse bristles.
Black, richly marked by yellow spots; antennal articles black dorsally, scape ventrally brown; mandibles brown; clypeus with yellow V-shaped mark; inner and outer orbit with mark that not extends to vertex and occiput; interantenal area with small V- shaped mark; vertex black; pronotum with extensive mark on pronotal carina, anterior prominence and fovea; (mesoscutum black, rarely with two yellow stripes) metapleuron with two yellow marks; scutellum yellow (Fig. 45); metanotum anteriorly, propodeum with large mark dorsally, distal band on T1, two basal spots and distal band on T2 (Fig. 43 and 45), yellow; T4 and T5 black; coxae yellow; wings hyaline; venation black.
MALE. Length of fore wing 4.3 mm; eyes wide, strongly produced inwards; clypeus narrow, with elongated and silvery bristles; ventral margin little produced and narrowly subtruncated; tentorial pits closer to eye margin than to antennal socket; gena very narrow; mesepimeron with yellow spot ventral; metapleuron completely black. Parameral spine without elongate bristles; basal angle of paramere widened, apical angle narrow (Fig. 71); apical margin of digitus rounded, basal process of digitus acuminate; cuspis with elongate bristles thick (Fig. 78); ventral process of aedeagus angular (Fig. 85) as in P. bituberculata (Fig. 90), not directed laterally in dorsal view, sclerotized and with anterior margin moderately serrated; pre-apical region of aedeagus not angular (Fig. 85).
Type material. Holotype, ♀, COLOMBIA, Narino, Barbacoas, 2–6.v.1976 (M. Cooper) (BMNH). Paratypes: 3 ♀, 1 ♂, COSTA RICA, La Selva, 06.ii.1995 (J. Kojima), 3 ♀, 3.v.1990 (H.A. Hespenheide), 3 ♀, Alajuela, La Fortuna, Hotel Rossi, 21.vii.2003 (R.L. Jeanne) (AMNH). Other material. COSTA RICA: La Selva, 3 ♀, 1 ♂, 06.ii.1995 (J. Kojima) (AMNH); Alajuela, 3 ♀, La Fortuna, Hotel Rossi, 21.vi.2003 (R.L. Jeanne) (AMNH); Heredia, 3 ♀, La Selva, Biol. Sta., 3km S Pto. Viejo, 10°26’N 84°01’W, (H.A. Hespenheide) (AMNH); COLOMBIA: Mitu, Vaupés, 1 ♀, 18.v.1974 (M. Cooper) (ICN), 1 ♀, same data (BMNH); Meta, 1 ♀, Macarena, 1–15.iii.1976 (M. Cooper); Narino, 1 ♀, Barbacoas, 2–6.v.1976; 1 ♀, Anchicaya, 13.i.1972; BOLIVIA: 1 ♀, Beni, Rurenabaque, 270m, 19.iv.1979 (BMNH).
Distribution. Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia.
Remarks. Protopolybia collombiana sp. nov. was treated by Richards (1978) under the name P. exigua binominata without seeing the proper type corresponding to this name, which was proposed by Schulz (1906) as a replacement name for Polybia minutissima de Saussure, 1854, secondary homonym of Polistes minutissima Spinola, 1851). Carpenter (2012) examined the probable holotype of Polybia minutissima de Saussure, concluding that it corresponds well to Protopolybia minutissima (Spinola, 1851). Thus, Protopolybia binominata sensu Richards (1978) is in need of a name, which is provided herein. Protopolybia collombiana sp. nov. has the pronotal prominence almost collinear with the fovea and the pronotal carina, a character also observed in P. clypeata sp. nov. Despite having approximately equal sizes, P. collombiana is easily distinguished from P. clypeata by having the ventral margin of the clypeus narrowly subtruncated and produced ventrally.
Etymology. The specific name refers to the South American country of Colombia.
description: Published as part of Dos Santos Junior, José N. A., Silveira, Orlando T. & Carpenter, James M., 2015, Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae), with description of four new species, pp. 151-182 in Zootaxa 3956 (2) on pages 158-160, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3956.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/237836