cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Evaluating Superconductors through Current Induced Depairing
Creators: name: Kunchur, Milind N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of superconductivity occurs in the phase space of three principal parameters: temperature T, magnetic field B, and current density Jd . The critical temperature Tc is one of the first parameters that is measured and in a certain way defines the superconductor. From the practical applications point of view, of equal importance is the upper critical magnetic field Bc2 and conventional critical current density Jc (above which the system begins to show resistance without entering the normal state). However, a seldom-measured parameter, the depairing current density Jd , holds the same fundamental importance as Tc and Bc2, in that it defines a boundary between the superconducting and normal states. A study of Jd sheds unique light on other important characteristics of the superconducting state such as the superfluid density and the nature of the normal state below Tc, information that can play a key role in better understanding newly-discovered superconducting materials. From a measurement perspective, the extremely high values of Jd make it difficult to measure, which is the reason why it is seldom measured. Here, we will review the fundamentals of current-induced depairing and the fast-pulsed current technique that facilitates its measurement and discuss the results of its application to the topological-insulator/chalcogenide interfacial superconducting system. Keywords: pairbreaking, pair-breaking, vortex, vortices, theory, tutorial, RTS, room-temperature supeconductivity
description: 8 figures
MOESM1 of Risk factors for Blastocystis infection in HIV/AIDS patients with highly active antiretroviral therapy in Southwest China
Creators: name: Shun-Xian Zhang
name: Fen-Yan Kang
name: Chen, Jia-Xu
name: Tian, Li-Guang
name: Geng, Lan-Lan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Multilingual abstracts in the five official working languages of the United Nations.
South Dakota's Sustainable Agriculture Technology
Creators: name: Taylor, Donald C.
name: Dobbs, Thomas L.
name: Smolik, James D.
name: Taylor, Donald C.
name: Dobbs, Thomas L.
name: Smolik, James D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The sustainable agriculture technology followed by South Dakota farmers is characterized by very limited use of synthetic chemical inputs (fertilizers, pesticides); a fundamental emphasis on crop rotations to control weeds, insects, and diseases; and the use of "organic" markets to enhance returns from selling part of farmers' sustainably-produced grains.
Trichocorixa mendozana Jaczewski 1927
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Trichocorixa
Trichocorixa mendozana

description: Trichocorixa mendozana Jaczewski, 1927
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina.
Distribution in Brazil: South Region (RS) (Bachmann 1962, 1981).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Coherently driving a single quantum two-level system with dichromatic laser pulses
Creators: name: He, Yu-Ming
name: Wang, Hui
name: Wang, Can
name: Chen, Ming-Cheng
name: Ding, Xing
name: Qin, Jian
name: Duan, Zhao-Chen
name: Chen, Si
name: Li, Jin-Peng
name: Liu, Run-Ze
name: Schneider, Christian
name: Atature, Mete
name: Hoefling, Sven
name: Lu, Chao-Yang
name: Pan, Jian-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient excitation of a single two-level system usually requires that the driving field is at the same frequency as the atomic transition. However, the scattered laser light in solid-state implementations can dominate over the single photons, imposing an outstanding challenge to perfect single-photon sources. Here, we propose a background-free method using a phase-locked dichromatic electromagnetic field with no spectral overlap with the optical transition for a coherent control of a two-level system, and we demonstrate this method experimentally with a single quantum dot embedded in a micropillar. Single photons generated by pi excitation show a purity of 0.988(1) and indistinguishability of 0.962(6). Further, the phase-coherent nature of the two-color excitation is captured by the resonance-fluorescence intensity dependence on the relative phase between the two pulses. Our two-color excitation method adds a useful toolbox to the study of atom-photon interaction, and the generation of spectrally isolated indistinguishable single photons.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication (2019)
Cell-intrinsic aryl hydrocarbon receptor signalling is required for the resolution of injury-induced colonic stem cells
Creators: name: Shah, Kathleen
name: Maradana, Muralidhara Rao
name: Delàs, M Joaquina
name: Metidji, Amina
name: Graelmann, Frederike
name: Llorian, Miriam
name: Chakravarty, Probir
name: Li, Ying
name: Tolaini, Mauro
name: Shapiro, Michael
name: Kelly, Gavin
name: Cheshire, Chris
name: Bhurta, Deendyal
name: Bharate, Sandip B
name: Stockinger, Brigitta
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2022
Subjects: classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Synthetic Biology
subject: Synthetic Biology
classificationCode: Tumour Biology
subject: Tumour Biology
classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Genetics & Genomics
subject: Genetics & Genomics
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Genome Integrity & Repair
subject: Genome Integrity & Repair
classificationCode: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
subject: Chemical Biology & High Throughput
classificationCode: Immunology
subject: Immunology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology

description: The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) is an environmental sensor that integrates microbial and dietary cues to influence physiological processes within the intestinal microenvironment, protecting against colitis and colitis-associated colorectal cancer development. Rapid tissue regeneration upon injury is important for the reinstatement of barrier integrity and its dysregulation promotes malignant transformation. Here we show that AHR is important for the termination of the regenerative response and the reacquisition of mature epithelial cell identity post injury in vivo and in organoid cultures in vitro. Using an integrative multi-omics approach in colon organoids, we show that AHR is required for timely termination of the regenerative response through direct regulation of transcription factors involved in epithelial cell differentiation as well as restriction of chromatin accessibility to regeneration-associated Yap/Tead transcriptional targets. Safeguarding a regulated regenerative response places AHR at a pivotal position in the delicate balance between controlled regeneration and malignant transformation.
One Loop Renormalizability of Spontaneously Broken Gauge Theory with a Product of Gauge Groups on Noncommutative Spacetime: the U(1) x U(1) Case
Creators: name: Liao, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A generalization of the standard electroweak model to noncommutative spacetime would involve a product gauge group which is spontaneously broken. Gauge interactions in terms of physical gauge bosons are canonical with respect to massless gauge bosons as required by the exact gauge symmetry, but not so with respect to massive ones; and furthermore they are generally asymmetric in the two sets of gauge bosons. On noncommutative spacetime this already occurs for the simplest model of U(1) x U(1). We examine whether the above feature in gauge interactions can be perturbatively maintained in this model. We show by a complete one loop analysis that all ultraviolet divergences are removable with a few renormalization constants in a way consistent with the above structure.
description: 24 pages, figures using axodraw; version 2: a new ref item [4] added to cite efforts to all orders, typos fixed and minor rewording
A speckle-tracking strain-based artificial neural network model to differentiate cardiomyopathy type
Creators: name: Walsh, Jason Leo
name: AlJaroudi, Wael A.
name: Lamaa, Nader
name: Hassan, Ossama K. Abou
name: Jalkh, Khalil
name: Elhajj, Imad H.
name: Sakr, George
name: Isma’eel, Hussain
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives. In heart failure, invasive angiography is often employed to differentiate ischaemic from non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy. We aim to examine the predictive value of echocardiographic strain features alone and in combination with other features to differentiate ischaemic from non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, using artificial neural network (ANN) and logistic regression modelling. Design. We retrospectively identified 204 consecutive patients with an ejection fraction <50% and a diagnostic angiogram. Patients were categorized as either ischaemic (n = 146) or non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy (n = 58). For each patient, left ventricular strain parameters were obtained. Additionally, regional wall motion abnormality, 13 electrocardiographic (ECG) features and six demographic features were retrieved for analysis. The entire cohort was randomly divided into a derivation and a validation cohort. Using the parameters retrieved, logistic regression and ANN models were developed in the derivation cohort to differentiate ischaemic from non-ischaemic cardiomyopathy, the models were then tested in the validation cohort. Results. A final strain-based ANN model, full feature ANN model and full feature logistic regression model were developed and validated, F1 scores were 0.82, 0.79 and 0.63, respectively. Conclusions. Both ANN models were more accurate at predicting cardiomyopathy type than the logistic regression model. The strain-based ANN model should be validated in other cohorts. This model or similar models could be used to aid the diagnosis of underlying heart failure aetiology in the form of the online calculator (https://cimti.usj.edu.lb/strain/index.html) or built into echocardiogram software.
Conductivity of continuum percolating systems
Creators: name: Stenull, Olaf
name: Janssen, Hans-Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the conductivity of a class of disordered continuum systems represented by the Swiss-cheese model, where the conducting medium is the space between randomly placed spherical holes, near the percolation threshold. This model can be mapped onto a bond percolation model where the conductance $σ$ of randomly occupied bonds is drawn from a probability distribution of the form $σ^{-a}$. Employing the methods of renormalized field theory we show to arbitrary order in $ε$-expansion that the critical conductivity exponent of the Swiss-cheese model is given by $t^{\text{SC}} (a) = (d-2)ν+ \max [ϕ, (1-a)^{-1}]$, where $d$ is the spatial dimension and $ν$ and $ϕ$ denote the critical exponents for the percolation correlation length and resistance, respectively. Our result confirms a conjecture which is based on the 'nodes, links, and blobs' picture of percolation clusters.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, revised title + minor changes
Remarks on shrinking gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with positive bisectional curvature
Creators: name: Wu, Guoqiang
name: Zhang, Shijin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this short note, using an argument by Munteanu and Wang, we provide an alternative proof of the fact first obtained by Lei Ni that shrinking gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with positive bisectional curvature must be compact.
Heterocorixa anduzei Hungerford 1948
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa anduzei

description: Heterocorixa anduzei Hungerford, 1948
Geographical distribution: Venezuela and Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (AM) (Nieser 1970a).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
The Discovery of H2O Maser Emission in Seven AGN and at High Velocities in the Circinus Galaxy
Creators: name: Greenhill, L. J.
name: Kondratko, P. T.
name: Lovell, J. E. J.
name: Kuiper, T. B. H.
name: Moran, J. M.
name: Jauncey, D. L.
name: Baines, G. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of H2O maser emission at 1.35 cm wavelength in seven active galactic nuclei (at distances up to <80 Mpc) during a survey conducted at the 70-m diameter antenna of the NASA Deep Space Network near Canberra, Australia. The detection rate was (approx.) 4%. Two of the maser sources are particularly interesting because they display satellite high-velocity emission lines, which are a signature of emission from the accretion disks of supermassive black holes when seen edge on. Three of the masers are coincident, to within uncertainties of 0.''2, with continuum emission sources we observed at about (lamda)1.3 cm. We also report the discovery of new spectral features in the Circinus galaxy H2O maser that broaden the known velocity range of emission therein by a factor of (approx.) 1.7. If the new spectral features originate in the Circinus accretion disk, then molecular material must survive at radii (approx.) 3 times smaller than had been believed previously [(approx.) 0.03 pc or (approx.) 2 x 105 Schwarzschild radii].
description: 4 pages, including 2 figures. To appear in ApJ Letters Jan. 1, 2003 edition
Heterocorixa boliviensis Hungerford 1928
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa boliviensis

description: Heterocorixa boliviensis Hungerford, 1928
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia.
Distribution in Brazil: North Region (AM) (Hungerford 1948).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
70 Years of Hyperon Spectroscopy: A review of strange $Ξ$, $Ω$ baryons, and the spectrum of charmed and bottom baryons
Creators: name: Crede, Volker
name: Yelton, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The first hyperon was discovered about 70 years ago, but the nature of these particles, particularly with regard to multistrange hyperons, and many of their properties can still be considered to be literally strange. A dedicated and successful global spectroscopy program in the 1960s and 1970s using $K^-$ beams revealed many multistrange candidates, but the available evidence of their existence is statistically limited. For this reason, there is still much to learn about the systematics of the spectrum of excited hyperon states and what they have in common with their non-strange companions, or how they differ from the nucleon and $Δ$ resonances. Recent years have also seen a great deal of progress in the field of charmed and bottom baryon spectroscopy. Unprecedented data from the Large Hadron Collider in particular indicate continued rapid progress in the field of bottom baryons. On the theoretical side, baryons with one heavy quark $Q$ and a light $qq$ system serve as an ideal laboratory for studying light $qq$ (diquark) correlations and the dynamics of the light quarks in the colour environment of a heavy quark. In this review, we discuss the status of doubly and triply strange $Ξ$ as well as $Ω$ baryons, and the properties of all the known charmed and bottom states. The comparison of the two heavy sectors reveals many similarities as predicted by heavy-quark symmetries, together with differences in mass splittings easily understood by potential models. The multi-strange hyperons bridge the under-explored gap between the light- and the heavy-flavour baryons. How do the properties of a singly charmed $Q$-$qq$ system change with decreasing mass of the heavy quark in the transition to a doubly strange $q$-$QQ$ system with a heavier quark-quark system relative to one light quark?
description: Review article published by Reports on Progress in Physics, 87 pages, 24 figures
Dynamical instability of a condensate induced by a rotating thermal gas
Creators: name: Williams, J. E.
name: Zaremba, E.
name: Jackson, B.
name: Nikuni, T.
name: Griffin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study surface modes of the condensate in the presence of a rotating thermal cloud in an axisymmetric trap. By considering collisions that transfer atoms between the condensate and noncondensate, we find that modes which rotate in the same sense as the thermal cloud damp less strongly than counter-rotating modes. We show that above a critical angular rotation frequency, equivalent to the Landau stability criterion, the co-rotating mode becomes dynamically unstable, leading to the possibility of vortex nucleation. This kind of mechanism is proposed as a natural explanation for the formation of vortices observed recently in the experiment of Haljan \emph{et al} {[}P. C. Haljan \emph{et al.}, cond-mat/0106362{]}. We also generalize our stability analysis to treat the case where the stationary state of the condensate already possesses a single vortex.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Weyl Symmetry in Stochastic Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Baulieu, Laurent
name: Ciambelli, Luca
name: Wu, Siye
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose that the gauge principle of d-dimensional Euclidean quantum gravity is Weyl invariance in its stochastic (d+1)-dimensional bulk. Observables are defined as depending only on conformal classes of d-dimensional metrics. We work with the second order stochastic quantization of Einstein equations in a (d+1)-dimensional bulk. There, the evolution is governed by the stochastic time, which foliates the bulk into Euclidean d-dimensional leaves. The internal metric of each leaf can be parametrized by its unimodular part and conformal factor. Additional bulk metric components are the ADM stochastic lapse and a stochastic shift. The Langevin equation determines the acceleration of the leaf as the sum of a quantum noise, a drift force proportional to Einstein equations and a viscous first order force. Using Weyl covariant decomposition, this Langevin equation splits into irreducible stochastic equations, one for the unimodular part of the metric and one for its conformal factor. For the first order Langevin equation, the unphysical fields are the conformal factor, which is a classical spectator, and the stochastic lapse and shift. These fields can be gauge-fixed in a BRST invariant way in function of the initial data of the process. One gets observables that are covariant with respect to internal reparametrization in each leaf, and invariant under arbitrary reparametrization of the stochastic time. The interpretation of physical observable at finite stochastic time is encoded in a transitory (d+1)-dimensional phase where the Lorentz time cannot be defined. The latter emerges in the infinite stochastic time limit by an abrupt phase transition from quantum to classical gravity.
description: V2: minor modifications and references added
PSR J1231-1411 revisited: Pulse Profile Analysis of X-ray Observation
Creators: name: Qi, Liqiang
name: Zheng, Shijie
name: Zhang, Juan
name: Ge, Mingyu
name: Li, Ang
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
name: Lu, Fang-Jun
name: Peng, Han-Long
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Feng, Hua
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Xu, Yupeng
name: Li, Zheng-Wei
name: Song, Li-Ming
name: Zhang, Shu
name: Tao, Lian
name: Ye, Wentao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the primary goals of Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER)-like X-ray missions is to impose stringent constraints on the neutron star equation of state by precisely measuring their masses and radii. NICER has recently expanded the dataset of inferred mass-radius relations for neutron stars, including four rotation-powered millisecond pulsars PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, PSR J0437-4715, and PSR J1231-1411. In this work, the mass-radius relation and X-ray emitting region properties of PSR J1231-1411 are inferred with an independent pulse profile modeling based on the spherical star Schwarzschild-spacetime and Doppler approximation. With one single-temperature elongated hot spot and one single-temperature crescent hot spot, the inferred gravitational mass is $M = 1.12 \pm 0.07 M_{\odot}$ and the inferred equatorial radius is $R_{eq} = 9.91_{-0.86}^{+0.88}$ km (68% credible intervals). It provides an alternative geometry configuration of the X-ray emitting region for PSR J1231-1411 to sufficiently explain the observation data of NICER and XMM-Newton. The inferred radius is smaller than that derived by \citet{salmi2024nicer} ($M = 1.04_{-0.03}^{+0.05} M_{\odot}$, $R_{eq} = 12.6 \pm 0.3$ km), and the inferred mass is slightly higher in this work. The inferred geometry configurations of the X-ray emitting region in both works are non-antipodal, which is not consistent with a centered dipole magnetic field and suggests a complex magnetic field structure.
Additional file 2 of Diminished expression of major histocompatibility complex facilitates the use of human induced pluripotent stem cells in monkey
Creators: name: Wang, Xiaokai
name: Lu, Meng
name: Tian, Xiaoyu
name: Ren, Yansong
name: Li, Yijun
name: Xiang, Meng
name: Chen, Sifeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Figure S2. (Related to Fig. 5) Promotion of wound healing by knockout-iPSCs. Representative images of wounds treated with PBS, WT-iPSCs, B2M−/−-iPSCs, CIITA−/−-iPSCs, and B2M−/−& CIITA−/−-iPSCs on 0, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after wound punching, followed immediately by iPSC treatment.
Gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with nonnegative orthogonal bisectional curvature
Creators: name: Zhang, Shijin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we prove that any complete shrinking gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with positive orthogonal bisectional curvature must be compact. We also obtain a classification of the complete shrinking gradient Kähler-Ricci solitons with nonnegative orthogonal bisectional curvature.
description: to appear in Results in Math.. Xiaolong Li and Lei Ni obtained the same result in their paper "K\"hler-Ricci Shrinkers and Ancient Solutions with Nonnegative Orthogonal Bisectional Curvature" (see arXiv:1903.02615). Then even obtained more interesting results. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.00412
Model Theory, Arithmetic & Algebraic Geometry
Creators: name: Del valle, Joel Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C98, 03-02

description: In this pages I give an overview of the relationship between Model Theory, Arithmetic and Algebraic Geometry. The topics will be the basic ones in the area, so this is just an invitation, in the presentation of topics I mainly follow the philosophy of the references.
description: 13 pages
Heterocorixa brasiliensis Hungerford 1928
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa brasiliensis

description: Heterocorixa brasiliensis Hungerford, 1928
Geographical distribution: Brazil, Ecuador, and Argentina.
Distribution in Brazil: North, Northeast, and Central-West regions (AM, CE, RN, PB, GO, MS) (Hungerford 1928, 1948).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 34, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Capitalizing on a Crisis: A Computational Analysis of all Five Million British Firms During the Covid-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Muggleton, Naomi
name: Rahal, Charles
name: Reeves, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The Covid-19 pandemic brought unprecedented changes to business ownership in the UK which affects a generation of entrepreneurs and their employees. Nonetheless, the impact remains poorly understood. This is because research on capital accumulation has typically lacked high-quality, individualized, population-level data. We overcome these barriers to examine who benefits from economic crises through a computationally orientated lens of firm creation. Leveraging a comprehensive cache of administrative data on every UK firm and all nine million people running them, combined with probabilistic algorithms, we conduct individual-level analyses to understand who became Covid entrepreneurs. Using these techniques, we explore characteristics of entrepreneurs--such as age, gender, region, business experience, and industry--which potentially predict Covid entrepreneurship. By employing an automated time series model selection procedure to generate counterfactuals, we show that Covid entrepreneurs were typically aged 35-49 (40.4%), men (73.1%), and had previously held roles in existing firms (59.4%). For most industries, growth was disproportionately concentrated around London. It was therefore existing corporate elites who were most able to capitalize on the Covid crisis and not, as some hypothesized, young entrepreneurs who were setting up their first businesses. In this respect, the pandemic will likely impact future wealth inequalities. Our work offers methodological guidance for future policymakers during economic crises and highlights the long-term consequences for capital and wealth inequality.
Stiefel-Whitney classes and topological phases in band theory
Creators: name: Ahn, Junyeong
name: Park, Sungjoon
name: Kim, Dongwook
name: Kim, Youngkuk
name: Yang, Bohm-Jung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we review the recent progress in the study of topological phases in systems with space-time inversion symmetry $I_{\text{ST}}$. $I_{\text{ST}}$ is an anti-unitary symmetry which is local in momentum space and satisfies $I_{\text{ST}}^2=1$ such as $PT$ or $C_{2}T$ symmetry where $P$, $T$, $C_2$ indicate inversion, time-reversal, and two-fold rotation symmetries, respectively. Under $I_{\text{ST}}$, the Hamiltonian and the Bloch wave function can be constrained to be real-valued, which makes the Berry curvature and the Chern number to vanish. In this class of systems, gapped band structures of real wave functions can be topologically distinguished by Stiefel-Whitney numbers instead. The first and second Stiefel-Whitney numbers $w_1$ and $w_2$, respectively, are the corresponding invariants in 1D and 2D, which are equivalent to the quantized Berry phase and the $Z_2$ monopole charge, respectively. We first describe the topological phases characterized by the first Stiefel-Whitney number, including 1D topological insulators with quantized charge polarization, 2D Dirac semimetals, and 3D nodal line semimetals. Next we review how the second Stiefel-Whitney class characterizes the 3D nodal line semimetals carrying a $Z_{2}$ monopole charge. In particular, we explain how the second Stiefel-Whitney number $w_2$, the $Z_{2}$ monopole charge, and the linking number between nodal lines are related. Finally, we review the properties of 2D and 3D topological insulators characterized by the nontrivial second Stiefel Whitney class.
description: A review article; 17 pages, 12 figures; suggestions and comments are highly appreciated
Drawing Phase Diagrams of Random Quantum Systems by Deep Learning the Wave Functions
Creators: name: Ohtsuki, Tomi
name: Mano, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applications of neural networks to condensed matter physics are becoming popular and beginning to be well accepted. Obtaining and representing the ground and excited state wave functions are examples of such applications. Another application is analyzing the wave functions and determining their quantum phases. Here, we review the recent progress of using the multilayer convolutional neural network, so-called deep learning, to determine the quantum phases in random electron systems. After training the neural network by the supervised learning of wave functions in restricted parameter regions in known phases, the neural networks can determine the phases of the wave functions in wide parameter regions in unknown phases; hence, the phase diagrams are obtained. We demonstrate the validity and generality of this method by drawing the phase diagrams of two- and higher dimensional Anderson metal-insulator transitions and quantum percolations as well as disordered topological systems such as three-dimensional topological insulators and Weyl semimetals. Both real-space and Fourier space wave functions are analyzed. The advantages and disadvantages over conventional methods are discussed.
description: Journal of the Physical Society of Japan, invited review, open access
Convergence Time to Equilibrium of the Metropolis dynamics for the GREM
Creators: name: Nascimento, A. M. B.
name: Fontes, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K35, 82B44, 82C44, 82D30

description: We study the convergence time to equilibrium of the Metropolis dynamics for the Generalized Random Energy Model with an arbitrary number of hierarchical levels, a finite and reversible continuous-time Markov process, in terms of the spectral gap of its transition probability matrix. This is done by deducing bounds to the inverse of the gap using a Poincaré inequality and a path technique. We also apply convex analysis tools to give the bounds in the most general case of the model.
description: 22 pages
Differentiation of Scalar and Tensor Functions of Tensor Argument
Creators: name: Rogovoy, Anatoli A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A72, 26B12, 74A05, 74A10, 74A15, 74A20, 74A99

description: In this paper, we analyze the existing rules for constructing derivatives of the scalar and tensor functions of the tensor argument with respect to the tensor argument and the theoretical positions underlying the construction of these rules. We perform a comparative analysis of these rules and the results obtained in the framework of these rules. Considering the existing approaches, we pay due attention to the earliest of them which for some reason is not reflected in later publications on the issue under consideration, and we give to this approach the further development.We discuss the rules for differentiation of tensor functions of the tensor argument and derivatives obtained in the publications of other authors and examine them for compliance with the construction rules and derivatives obtained in this article.
description: 20 pages, 3 tables
The Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition for nonlinear regression models
Creators: name: Sinning, Mathias
name: Hahn, Markus
name: Bauer, Thomas K.
name: Sinning, Mathias
name: Hahn, Markus
name: Bauer, Thomas K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: nldecompose
subject: Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition
subject: nonlinear models

description: In this article, a general Blinder–Oaxaca decomposition for nonlinear models is derived, which allows the difference in an outcome variable between two groups to be decomposed into several components. We show how, using nldecompose, this general decomposition can be applied to different models with discrete and limited dependent variables. We further demonstrate how the standard errors of the estimated components can be calculated by using Stata's bootstrap command as a prefix.
Degenerately Doped Transition Metal Dichalcogenides as Ohmic Homojunction Contacts to Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Semiconductors
Creators: name: Gao, Zhibin
name: Zhou, Zhixian
name: Tomanek, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In search of an improved strategy to form low resistance contacts to MoS2 and related semiconducting transition metal dichalcogenides, we use ab initio density functional electronic structure calculations in order to determine the equilibrium geometry and electronic structure of MoO3/MoS2 and MoO2/MoS2 bilayers. Our results indicate that, besides a rigid band shift associated with charge transfer, the presence of molybdenum oxide modifies the electronic structure of MoS2 very little. We find that the charge transfer in the bilayer provides a sufficient degree of hole doping to MoS2, resulting in a highly transparent contact region.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures
Spin Effects in Processes of Single Top Quark Production at Hadron Colliders
Creators: name: Boos, E. E.
name: Sherstnev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate spin properties of single top quark production at hadron colliders. Based on an analogy with single top production and polarized top quark decay, we reproduce in a simple way the results by G.Mahlon and S.Parke on the existence of preferred axes for the decomposition of the top quark spin. For the W*- and W-g fusion production modes these axes are related to the down-type quark momentum. The proposed method allows finding kinematical conditions for the observation of top quark polarization in a third process that contributes to single top production and is important at LHC energies, the tW-process, in which spin effects are smeared out by the contribution of diagrams with a QCD gtt-vertex. A simple Monte-Carlo analysis of spin correlations for the tW-process with subsequent top decay is given as an illustration.
description: 14 pages, latex
Supplemental Table 4. Effect of CE/BZA on Serum Complex Lipidomics Panel - Effect of conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene on glucose, energy and lipid metabolism in obese postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Marlatt, Kara
name: Lovre, Dragana
name: Beyl, Robbie A.
name: Tate, Chandra R.
name: Hayes, Evelyn K.
name: Burant, Charles F.
name: Ravussin, Eric
name: Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Effect of conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene on glucose, energy and lipid metabolism in obese postmenopausal women
Heterocorixa chapadiensis Hungerford 1928
Creators: name: Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo
name: Barbosa, Julianna Freires
name: Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio
name: Alecrim, Viviani Pereira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Corixidae
Heterocorixa
Heterocorixa chapadiensis

description: Heterocorixa chapadiensis Hungerford, 1928
Geographical distribution: Brazil.
Distribution in Brazil: North and Central-West regions (PA, AM, MT) (Hungerford 1948; Nieser 1970a).
description: Published as part of Moreira, Felipe Ferraz Figueiredo, Barbosa, Julianna Freires, Ribeiro, José Ricardo Inacio & Alecrim, Viviani Pereira, 2011, Checklist and distribution of semiaquatic and aquatic Heteroptera (Gerromorpha and Nepomorpha) occurring in Brazil 2958, pp. 1-74 in Zootaxa 2958 (1) on page 35, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2958.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5281851
Meta–regression in Stata
Creators: name: Harbord, Roger M.
name: Higgins, Julian P.T.
name: Harbord, Roger M.
name: Higgins, Julian P.T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: metareg
subject: meta-regression
subject: meta-analysis
subject: permutation test
subject: multiple testing

description: We present a revised version of the metareg command, which performs meta-analysis regression (meta-regression) on study-level summary data. The major revisions involve improvements to the estimation methods and the addition of an option to use a permutation test to estimate p-values, including an adjustment for multiple testing. We have also made additions to the output, added an option to produce a graph, and included support for the predict command. Stata 8.0 or above is required.
A closer examination of subpopulation analysis of complex–sample survey data
Creators: name: West, Brady T.
name: Berglund, Patricia
name: Heeringa, Steven G.
name: West, Brady T.
name: Berglund, Patricia
name: Heeringa, Steven G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: survey data analysis
subject: statistical software
subject: complex sample designs
subject: subpopulation analysis

description: In recent years, general-purpose statistical software packages have incorporated new procedures that feature several useful options for design-based analysis of complex-sample survey data. A common and frequently desired technique for analysis of survey data in practice is the restriction of estimation to a subpopulation of interest. These subpopulations are often referred to interchangeably in a variety of fields as subclasses, subgroups, and domains. In this article, we consider two approaches that analysts of complex-sample survey data can follow when analyzing subpopulations; we also consider the implications of each approach for estimation and inference. We then present examples of both approaches, using selected procedures in Stata to analyze data from the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS). We conclude with important considerations for subpopulation analyses and a summary of suggestions for practice.
Welfare Impacts of Rising Food Prices in Rural Ethiopia: a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System Approach
Creators: name: Uregia, Nigussie Tefera
name: Desta, Mulat Demeke
name: Rashid, Shahidur
name: Uregia, Nigussie Tefera
name: Desta, Mulat Demeke
name: Rashid, Shahidur
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: welfare
subject: rising food prices
subject: panel data
subject: rural Ethiopia

description: Ethiopia has experienced high food prices since early 2004. This paper examines the welfare impacts of rising food prices in rural Ethiopia using Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) approach controlled for expenditure endogeniety and zero consumption expenditure. The elasticity coefficients from QUAIDS are used to estimate Compensated Variations (CV), which explicitly accounts for profit function and substitution effects. The study uses Ethiopia Rural Household Survey (ERHS) panel data in four waves encompassing both low and high price periods. The results have shown high food prices in recent years (between 2004 and 2009) increased welfare gain of rural households by about 10.5 percent on aggregate, as compared to less than 1 percent for the reference period (between 1994 and 2004). The welfare gains further improved to 18 percent (high price periods) with substitution effects, compared to 7.2 percent (low price periods). The welfare gains at aggregate level may not be equally distributed among rural households as about 37-46 percent of the sample households were net-cereal buyers (major staple crops) over the survey periods. However, the analysis has revealed high food price benefits not only net-cereal sellers but also autarkic and net-cereal buyers. The autarkic and net-cereal buyers could diversify income sources and benefits from high prices of other commodities such as such as pluses, fruits & vegetables, animal and animal products. They could also diversify to off-farm activities as average income from wage and transfer has indeed increased in 2009. Only poor families with limited farm and non-farm income need to be supported with safety net programs (both input and consumption support). It should be noted that, in the long-run, high prices could encourage net-sellers to invest and increase production which will eventually lead to lower food prices, which in turn benefit net-buyers. Meanwhile, many current net buyers could become net-sellers if grain prices are stable and favourable and if productive inputs are made available and affordable.
Observer-Based Distributed Leader-Follower Tracking Control: A New Perspective and Results
Creators: name: Yan, Chuan
name: Fang, Huazhen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Leader-follower tracking control design has received significant attention in recent years due to its important and wide applications. Considering a multi-agent system composed of a leader and multiple followers, this paper proposes and investigates a new perspective into this problem: can we enable a follower to estimate the leader's driving input and leverage this idea to develop new observer-based tracking control approaches? With this motivation, we develop an input-observer-based leader-follower tracking control framework, which features distributed input observers that allow a follower to locally estimate the leader's input toward enhancing tracking control. This work first studies the first-order tracking problem. It then extends to the more sophisticated case of second-order tracking and considers a challenging situation when the leader's and followers' velocities are not measured. The proposed approaches exhibit interesting and useful advantages as revealed by a comparison with the literature. Convergence properties of the proposed approaches are rigorously analyzed. Simulation results further illustrate the efficacy of the proposed perspective, framework and approaches.
description: International Journal of Control 2019
Supplemental Table 5. Effect of CE/BZA on Muscle Global Metabolomics Panel - Effect of conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene on glucose, energy and lipid metabolism in obese postmenopausal women
Creators: name: Marlatt, Kara
name: Lovre, Dragana
name: Beyl, Robbie A.
name: Tate, Chandra R.
name: Hayes, Evelyn K.
name: Burant, Charles F.
name: Ravussin, Eric
name: Mauvais-Jarvis, Franck
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Effect of conjugated estrogens and bazedoxifene on glucose, energy and lipid metabolism in obese postmenopausal women
Effects of Quasi-Static Aberrations in Faint Companion Searches
Creators: name: Marois, C.
name: Doyon, R.
name: Nadeau, D.
name: Racine, R.
name: Walker, G. A. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results obtained at CFHT with the TRIDENT infrared camera, dedicated to the detection of faint companions close to bright nearby stars. The camera's main feature is the acquisition of three simultaneous images in three wavelengths (simultaneous differential imaging) across the methane absorption bandhead at 1.6 micron, that enables a precise subtraction of the primary star PSF while keeping the companion signal. The main limitation is non-common path aberrations between the three optical paths that slightly decorrelate the PSFs. Two types of PSF calibrations are combined with the differential simultaneous imaging technique to further attenuate the PSF: reference star subtraction and instrument rotation to smooth aberrations. It is shown that a faint companion with a DeltaH of 10 magnitudes would be detected at 0.5 arcsec from the primary.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Astronomy with High Contrast Imaging, EAS Publications Series