cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reconstructing the language curriculum to promote Knowledge Democracy for refugee and non-refugee students
Creators: name: Sipitanos, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Linguistics
Year: 2023

description: Students as autoethnographers is an empowering tradition which if combined with the Knowledge Democracy (KD) initiative can provide new insights and new educational perspectives for refugee and non-refugee students towards inclusive classrooms. More specifically in an Erasmus plus project in four European countries the combination of the students as autoethnographers approach and KD was combined creatively. The students in this case collected personal and family stories from their contexts and discussed them in the classroom with their classmates. By analyzing the students’ final artifacts (e.g. stories, identity maps, videos, pictures) and the open questionnaires from the intervention the finding showed that educational practices like the promotion of multiple language repertoires, translanguaging, multimodal texts and digital literacy can provide new potentials for educational inclusion. Furthermore, this combined framework enhanced newcomers initial academic skills and socialization by story sharing. These findings suggest that combination between KD and students as autoethnographers framework provides not only the opportunity to understand the complexity of the world and the acceptance of multiple ways of knowing and being, but also it promotes socialization with specific ways such as writing, designing, expressing, and understanding through story sharing.
description: Journal of Applied Linguistics, Αρ. 36 (2023)
ERSforeign351 The Agricultural Situation in the Western Hemisphere: Review of 1972 and Outlook for 1973
Creators: name: Developing Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
name: Developing Countries Branch, Foreign Demand
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1973
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Agricultural production
subject: Agricultural trade
subject: Canada
subject: Mexico
subject: Caribbean
subject: Central America
subject: South America

description: Canada's 1972 agricultural production fell below the previous year's record, because of cutbacks in grain acreage. Per capita food production in Latin America dropped 5 percent due to unusually bad weather. Higher world prices contributed to a rise in Hemisphere earnings from agricultural exports; and imports were increased to fill larger deficits in food production. U.S. agricultural exports to Hemisphere countries increased from the 1971 record of $1.38 billion to $1.59 billion in 1972; and a further rise is anticipated in 1973.
TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two small warm planets orbiting inactive M dwarfs, found by \textit{TESS}
Creators: name: Waalkes, William C.
name: Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.
name: Collins, Karen A.
name: Feinstein, Adina D.
name: Tofflemire, Benjamin M.
name: Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara
name: Silverstein, Michele L.
name: Newton, Elisabeth
name: Ricker, George R.
name: Vanderspek, Roland
name: Latham, David W.
name: Seager, S.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
name: Jenkins, Jon M.
name: Christiansen, Jessie
name: Goeke, Robert F.
name: Levine, Alan M.
name: Osborn, H. P.
name: Rinehart, S. A.
name: Rose, Mark E.
name: Ting, Eric B.
name: Twicken, Joseph D.
name: Barkaoui, Khalid
name: Bean, Jacob L.
name: Briceño, César
name: Ciardi, David R.
name: Collins, Kevin I.
name: Conti, Dennis
name: Gan, Tianjun
name: Gillon, Michaël
name: Isopi, Giovanni
name: Jehin, Emmanuël
name: Jensen, Eric L. N.
name: Kielkopf, John F.
name: Law, Nicholas
name: Mallia, Franco
name: Mann, Andrew W.
name: Montet, Benjamin T.
name: Pozuelos, Francisco J.
name: Relles, Howard
name: Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.
name: Ziegler, Carl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by \textit{TESS}. Our analysis shows TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72$\pm$0.18 R$_\rm{e}$ and receives 8.8$\pm$1.0$\times$ Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44$\pm$0.12 R$_\rm{e}$ and receives 3.7$\pm$0.5$\times$ Earth insolation, straddling the 6.7$\times$ Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by \textit{TESS}, even on their 5.08-day and 5.43-day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23$\pm$0.21 pc and 38.11$\pm$0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables, accepted to AJ
title: Beyond faith and reason
title: the genesis of psychical research and the search for the paranormal domain (1850-1914)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Radakovic, Robert
Publisher: name: Lancaster University
Year: 2019
Subjects: Paranormal Cultures
Victorian culture

description: The late-Victorian period was characterised by rapid social, cultural, and intellectual changes, with all domains open to challenge from numerous and diverse directions. This thesis focusses on a short period in ‘the Age of Enlightenment’, from the mid-nineteenth century to 1914, during which many groups and individuals wanted to try to answer the ultimate questions about the nature of the universe and humanity’s place within it. For them, the well-established fields of science, religion, and philosophy each proved to be inadequate individual tools with which to attempt to answer these questions. Consequently, many members of the cultural and intellectual elite turned to the paranormal domain, within which they saw the potential to answer some of their fundamental questions. Psychical research was a nascent intellectual field that investigated strange phenomena which existed at the borders of orthodox thinking, sitting precariously between the acceptable and the unacceptable. This thesis investigates the cultural, evidential, and sometimes personal motivations of the early paranormal researchers, all of which were members of the Society for Psychical Research, and some of the first theories developed by them. The thesis thus establishes the significance of paranormal research during this period. It discusses, in an intentionally eclectic way not done before, several of the key thinkers of the time. It posits a typology to help understanding of the period. This ‘paranormal domain’ represents a combination of an intellectual mindset, an investigative methodology, and a spiritual perspective, particular to the early psychical researchers of the SPR.
Impedance-based Stability Analysis of a Power Hardware-in-the-Loop for Grid-Following Inverter Testing
Creators: name: Ashrafidehkordi, Fargah
name: Liu, Xiaochang
name: De Carne, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE)
Year: 2023

description: Power Hardware-in-the-Loop (P-HIL) provides a reliable evaluation of real hardware interactions under realistic grid conditions in the Laboratory environment. A P-HIL setup comprises three main sectors: real-time simulator, Hardware-under-test (HuT), and interfaces. The limitations of interfaces and the delays between the sectors can result in stability issues. Therefore, a precise stability analysis is necessary before conducting laboratory experiments. This paper proposes the impedance-based approach to asses the stability constraints for a P-HIL using a grid-following inverter as HuT. The stability criterion is determined based on the impedances seen by the grid and the inverter at the PCC. The impact of interface dynamics, delays, and controller bandwidth is carefully regarded. All P-HIL components are implemented in Simulink first, then the actual setup with RTDS and linear amplifier has been configured to provide a more realistic reference for impedance verifications. The calculated impedances are verified with both simulations and experiments through frequency response. The comparison between the time domain response and the Nyquist criterion confirms the validity of the given stability criterion.
The Linear Dynamics of Wave Functions in Causal Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Finster, Felix
name: Kamran, Niky
name: Oppio, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The dynamics of spinorial wave functions in a causal fermion system is studied. A so-called dynamical wave equation is derived. Its solutions form a Hilbert space, whose scalar product is represented by a conserved surface layer integral. We prove under general assumptions that the initial value problem for the dynamical wave equation admits a unique global solution. Causal Green's operators are constructed and analyzed. Our findings are illustrated in the example of the regularized Minkowski vacuum.
description: 63 pages, LaTeX, 5 figures, minor improvements (published version)
The periodic Cauchy problem of the modified Hunter-Saxton equation
Creators: name: Tiglay, Feride
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q53, 35Q05, 35A10, 37K65

description: We prove that the periodic initial value problem for the modified Hunter-Saxton equation is locally well-posed for continuously differentiable initial data. We also study the analytic regularity of this problem and prove a Cauchy-Kowalevski type theorem.
Mechanical Tuning of the Terahertz Photonic Bandgap of 3D-Printed One-Dimensional Photonic Crystals
Creators: name: Park, Serang
name: Norton, Brandon
name: Boreman, Glenn D.
name: Hofmann, Tino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Mechanical tuning of a 3D-printed, polymer-based one-dimensional photonic crystal was demonstrated in the terahertz spectral range. The investigated photonic crystal consists of 13 alternating compact and low-density layers and was fabricated through single-step stereolithography. While the compact layers are entirely polymethacrylate without any intentional internal structures, the low-density layers contain sub-wavelength sized slanted columnar inclusions to allow the mechanical compression in a direction normal to the layer interfaces of the photonic crystal. Terahertz transmission spectroscopy of the photonic crystal was performed in a spectral range from 83 to 124 GHz as a function of the compressive strain. The as-fabricated photonic crystal showed a distinct photonic bandgap centered at 109 GHz, which blue shifted under compressive stress. A maximum shift of 12 GHz in the bandgap center frequency was experimentally demonstrated. Stratified optical models incorporating simple homogeneous and inhomogeneous compression approximations were used to analyze the transmission data. A good agreement between the experimental and model-calculated transmission spectra was found.
Dust Scattering in Miras R Car and RR Sco resolved by optical interferometric polarimetry
Creators: name: Ireland, M. J.
name: Tuthill, P. G.
name: Davis, J.
name: Tango, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical interferometric polarimetry measurements of the Mira-like variables R Car and RR Sco, using the Sydney University Stellar Interferometer. By making visibility measurements in two perpendicular polarisations, the relatively low-surface brightness light scattered by atmospheric dust could be spatially separated from the bright Mira photospheric flux. This is the first reported successful use of long-baseline optical interferometric polarimetry. Observations were able to place constraints on the distribution of circumstellar material in R Car and RR Sco. The inner radius of dust formation for both stars was found to be less than 3 stellar radii: much closer than the expected innermost stable location for commonly-assumed astrophysical ``dirty silicate'' dust in these systems (silicate dust with a significant iron content). A model with the dust distributed over a shell which is geometrically thin compared to the stellar radius was preferred over an outflow. We propose dust components whose chemistry and opacity properties enable survival at these extreme inner radii.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for MNRAS
Empfehlungen der Ständigen Impfkommission beim Robert Koch-Institut – 2019/2020
Creators: name: Ständige Impfkommission
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: STIKO
subject: Impfungen
subject: Impfempfehlungen
subject: Prophylaxe
subject: Impfkalender
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Ständige Impfkommission (STIKO) hat ihre neuen Impfempfehlungen im Epidemiologischen Bulletin 34/2019 veröffentlicht. Die wesentliche Neuerung ist bereits in der Ausgabe 50/2018 veröffentlicht worden: Die STIKO empfiehlt allen Personen ab 60 Jahre die Gürtelrose-Schutzimpfung mit einem sogenannten Totimpfstoff als Standardimpfung. Personen mit einer Grundkrankheit oder Immunschwäche sollen sich bereits ab 50 Jahren impfen lassen (Indikationsimpfung). Die Ausgabe 34 enthält den aktuellen Impfkalender für Kinder und die Übersicht aller Standard-, Indikations- und Auffrischungsimpfungen für Erwachsene. Zudem gibt die STIKO wie in den Vorjahren Hinweise zur Durchführung von Schutzimpfungen, Empfehlungen zu Nachholimpfungen und informiert über postexpositionelle Impfungen und andere Maßnahmen der spezifischen Prophylaxe. Die aktuellen Empfehlungen sind im Internet abrufbar, sie werden auch im Pocket-Format veröffentlicht und können über die STIKO-App aufgerufen werden.
Parity effect in superconducting aluminum single electron transistors with spatial gap profile controlled by film thickness
Creators: name: Yamamoto, T.
name: Nakamura, Y.
name: Pashkin, Yu. A.
name: Astafiev, O.
name: Tsai, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method for suppression of quasiparticle poisoning in Al Coulomb blockade devices. The method is based on creation of a proper energy gap profile along the device. In contrast to the previously used techniques, the energy gap is controlled by the film thickness. Our transport measurements confirm that the quasiparticle poisoning is suppressed and clear 2$e$ periodicity is observed only when the island is made much thinner than the leads. This result is consistent with the existing model and provides a simple method to suppress quasiparticle poisoning.
Long-range Bloch Surface Waves in Photonic Crystal Ridges
Creators: name: Perani, Tommaso
name: Liscidini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study light propagation in guided Bloch surface waves (BSWs) supported by photonic crystal ridges. We demonstrate that low propagation losses can be achieved just by a proper design of the multilayer to obtain photonic band gaps for both light polarizations. We present a design strategy based on a Fourier analysis that allows one to obtain intrinsic losses as low as 5 dB/km for a structure operating in the visible spectral range. These results clarify the limiting factors to light propagation in guided BSWs and represent a fundamental step towards the development of BSW-based integrated optical platforms.
description: v2: figures revised
Artifactual orthologs and the need for diligent data exploration in complex phylogenomic datasets: A museomic case study from the Andean flora
Creators: name: Frost, Laura
name: Bedoya, Ana M.
name: Lagomarsino, Laura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Andean radiation
Angiosperms353
gene tree discordance
gene tree filtering
locus filtering
museomics
paralogy
Introgression
artifactual ortholog
data artifacts
Freziera
Pentaphylacaceae

description: The Andes mountains of western South America are a globally important biodiversity hotspot, yet there is a paucity of resolved phylogenies for plant clades from this region. Filling an important gap to our understanding of the World's richest flora, we present the first phylogeny of Freziera (Pentaphylacaceae), an Andean-centered, cloud forest radiation. Our dataset was obtained via hybrid-enriched target sequence capture of Angiosperms353 universal loci for 50 of the ca. 75 spp., obtained almost entirely from herbarium specimens. We identify high phylogenomic complexity in Freziera, including a significant proportion of paralogous loci and a high degree of gene tree discordance. Via gene tree filtering, by-eye observation of gene trees, and detailed examination of warnings from recently improved assembly pipelines, we identified that cryptic paralogs (i.e., the presence of only one copy of a multi-copy gene due to assembly errors) were a major source of gene tree heterogeneity that had a negative impact on phylogenetic inference and support. These cryptic paralogs likely result from limitations in data collection that are common in museomics, combined with a history of genome duplication; they may be common in plant phylogenomic datasets. After accounting for cryptic paralogs as source of gene tree error, we identified a significant, but non-specific signal of introgression using Patterson's D and f4 statistics. Despite phylogenomic complexity, we were able to resolve Freziera into nine well-supported subclades whose histories have been shaped by myriad evolutionary processes, including incomplete lineage sorting, historical gene flow, and gene duplication. Our results highlight the complexities of plant phylogenomics, and point to the need to test for multiple sources of gene tree discordance via careful examination of empirical datasets.
description: Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: DEB-2055525
Funding provided by: Louisiana Board of RegentsCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/00jv89z46Award Number:
Funding provided by: Louisiana State UniversityCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/05ect4e57Award Number:
The circular loop equation of a cosmic string with time-varying tension
Creators: name: Cheng, Hongbo
name: Liu, Yunqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of circular loops of cosmic string with time-dependent tension is studied in the Minkowski spacetime and Robertson-Walker universe. We find that, in the case where the tension depends on some power of the cosmic time, cosmic string loops with time-varying tension should not collapse to form a black hole if the power is lower than a critical value.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. accepted by Modern Physics Letters A
Water and material balance at mine tailings impoundments : software program development and risk analysis
Creators: name: Estergaard, Andrea Holly
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Tailings impoundments are commonly used in the mining industry for the disposal and storage of mine wastes including tailings, waste rock and process water. The impoundments often require engineered embankment dams to facilitate containment. Failure of impoundment dams can lead to serious effects downstream due to the release of significant amounts of water and solids. Inadequate water management has been recognized as the primary cause of such failures. Tailings impoundment dam design involves estimating the site water and material balance to design appropriate impoundment structures and material management facilities. The balances are usually conducted using monthly average hydrologic values and output from the balance are the required dam crest elevations during the life of the mine. The "models" that are employed by industry and their consultants to complete these hydrologic budgets are simple and spreadsheet based, using average hydrologic values to predict required monthly dam crest elevations. The lack of flexibility and transparency in these spreadsheet balances has been identified as a problem by mining engineers. A Microsoft Windows based software program written in Visual Basic, Visual Balance, was developed as part of this study. Visual Balance is a fast, simple method of modelling the water and material balance in a single impoundment tailings disposal system and predicting required dam crest elevations. Visual Balance also includes a risk analysis module which predicts probable impoundment operation and closure conditions based on a Monte Carlo simulation of expected precipitation and surface runoff values. Water management problems identified by Visual Balance include insufficient free pond water available for reclaim, inadequate freeboard, uncontrolled release requirements, or tailings solids exposure. Knowledge and anticipation of these challenges could influence tailings impoundment site selection, design, or mine operating conditions. Planning for these conditions in impoundment and facility design could save companies considerable cost and aggravation. The results of the five Case Studies conducted as part of this study emphasized the predictive capabilities of Visual Balance. Monthly dam crest elevations similar to those previously predicted by spreadsheet based balances were modelled for the five Case Studies by Visual Balance. In the two Case Studies where actual operating conditions were available for comparison, insufficient free pond water availability and excess water leading to low freeboards experienced at each site were successfully predicted by Visual Balance.
A Toolbox for Quantifying Memory in Dynamics Along Reaction Coordinates
Creators: name: Lapolla, Alessio
name: Godec, Aljaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Memory effects in time-series of experimental observables are ubiquitous, have important cosequences for the interpretation of kinetic data, and may even affect the function of biomolecular nanomachines such as enzymes. Here we propose a set of complementary methods for quantifying conclusively the magnitude and duration of memory in a time series of a reaction coordinate. The toolbox is general, robust, easy to use, and does not rely on any underlying microscopic model. As a proof of concept we apply it to the analysis of memory in the dynamics of the end-to-end distance of the analytically solvable Rouse-polymer model, an experimental time-series of extensions of a single DNA hairpin measured by optical tweezers, and the fraction of native contacts in a small protein probed by atomistic Molecular Dynamics simulations.
description: Revised version with additional examples; accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. Res
Verifying the effects of digitalisation in retail logistics: an efficiency-centred approach
Creators: name: Loske, Dominic
name: Klumpp, Matthias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: In the digitisation development of economy, logistics is of central importance due to the linkage of information and material flow throughout supply chains. However, verifiable effects in terms of efficiency have not been empirically shown in many cases yet. Therefore, this paper develops an efficiency analysis to evaluate the impact of changing levels of digitalisation. An efficiency-centred cross-sectional approach uses Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) for assessing the performance of 60 truck drivers, as well as Malmquist productivity index for longitudinal analysis of 50 truck drivers between 2012 and 2018. The results of the DEA model indicate that a change in the level of digitalisation entails a loss of the efficiency level in the first instance, which can be compensated and even surpassed later. Findings of the Malmquist model prove positive long term effects of several digitalisation steps on transport logistics efficiency. As the proposed methodologies only allow an a posteriori evaluation for the impact of digitalisation, we develop an a priori simulation approach, based on empirical DEA results, statistical bootstrapping and regression analyses. Both approaches allow logistics researchers and managers to achieve a better understanding regarding the success or failure of digital transformation scenarios from an efficiency perspective.
Different ways of dealing with Compton scattering and positron annihilation experimental data
Creators: name: Kontrym-Sznajd, G.
name: Samsel-Czekala, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Different ways of dealing with one-dimensional (1D) spectra, measured e.g. in the Compton scattering or angular correlation of positron annihilation radiation (ACAR) experiments are presented. On the example of divalent hexagonal close packed metals it is shown what kind of information on the electronic structure one can get from 1D profiles, interpreted in terms of either 2D or 3D momentum densities. 2D and 3D densities are reconstructed from merely two and seven 1D profiles, respectively. Applied reconstruction techniques are particular solutions of the Radon transform in terms of orthogonal Gegenabauer polynomials. We propose their modification connected with so-called two-step reconstruction. The analysis is performed both in the extended p and reduced k zone schemes. It is demonstrated that if positron wave function or many-body effects are strongly momentum dependent, analysis of 2D densities folded into k space may lead to wrong conclusions concerning the Fermi surface. In the case of 2D ACAR data in Mg we found very strong many-body effects. PACS numbers: 71.18.+y, 13.60.Fz, 87.59.Fm
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Dynamics of a family of piecewise-linear area-preserving plane maps III. Cantor set spectra
Creators: name: Lagarias, Jeffrey C.
name: Rains, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37E30; 52C23, 82D30

description: This paper studies the behavior under iteration of the maps T_{ab}(x,y) = (F_{ab}(x)- y, x) of the plane R^2, in which F_{ab}(x)= ax if x>0 and bx if x<0. These maps are area-preserving homeomorphisms of the plane that map rays from the origin into rays from the origin. Orbits of the map correspond to solutions of the nonlinear difference equation x_{n+2}= 1/2(a-b)|x_{n+1}| + 1/2(a+b)x_{n+1} - x_n. This difference equation can be written in an eigenvalue form for a nonlinear difference operator of Schrodinger type, in which μ= 1/2(a-b) is viewed as fixed and the energy E=2- 1/2(a+b). The paper studies the set of parameter values where T_{ab} has at least one nonzero bounded orbit, which corresponds to an l_{\infty} eigenfunction of the difference operator. It shows that the for transcendental μthe set of allowed energy values E for which there is a bounded orbit is a Cantor set. Numerical simulations suggest that this Cantor set have positive one-dimensional measure for all real values of μ.
description: v1 21 pages latex, 2 postscript figures; This was former part II in earlier version. Current part I is math.DS/0301294 and part II is math.DS/0303007; v2 20 pages latex- revised to reference prior work of Beardon, Bullett and Rippon
Emergence of strain-induced moiré patterns and pseudo-magnetic field confined states in graphene
Creators: name: Mahmud, Md Tareq
name: Sandler, Nancy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strain-inducing deformations in graphene alter charge distributions and provide a new method to design specific features in the band structure and transport properties. Novel approaches implement engineered substrates to induce specifically targeted strain profiles. Motivated by this technique, we study the evolution of charge distributions with an increasing number of out-of-plane deformations as an example of a finite size periodic substrate. We first analyze a system of two overlapping deformations and determine the quantitative relation between geometrical parameters and features in the local density of states. We extend the study to sets of 3 and 4 deformations in linear and two-dimensional arrays and observe the emergence of moiré patterns that are more pronounced for a hexagonal cell composed of 7 deformations. A comparison between the induced strain profile and spatial maps of the local density of states at different energies provides evidence for the existence of states confined by the pseudo-magnetic field in bounded regions, reminiscent of quantum dots structures. Due to the presence of these states, the energy level scaling to be observed by local probes should exhibit a linear dependence with the pseudo-field, in contrast to the expected scaling of pseudo-Landau levels.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Ab initio study of alanine polypeptide chains twisting
Creators: name: Solov'yov, Ilia A.
name: Yakubovitch, Alexander V.
name: Solov'yov, Andrey V.
name: Greiner, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated the potential energy surfaces for alanine chains consisting of three and six amino acids. For these molecules we have calculated potential energy surfaces as a function of the Ramachandran angles Phi and Psi, which are widely used for the characterization of the polypeptide chains. These particular degrees of freedom are essential for the characterization of proteins folding process. Calculations have been carried out within ab initio theoretical framework based on the density functional theory and accounting for all the electrons in the system. We have determined stable conformations and calculated the energy barriers for transitions between them. Using a thermodynamic approach, we have estimated the times of characteristic transitions between these conformations. The results of our calculations have been compared with those obtained by other theoretical methods and with the available experimental data extracted from the Protein Data Base. This comparison demonstrates a reasonable correspondence of the most prominent minima on the calculated potential energy surfaces to the experimentally measured angles Phi and Psi for alanine chains appearing in native proteins. We have also investigated the influence of the secondary structure of polypeptide chains on the formation of the potential energy landscape. This analysis has been performed for the sheet and the helix conformations of chains of six amino acids.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures
Federated Learning for Breast Density Classification: A Real-World Implementation
Creators: name: Roth, Holger R.
name: Chang, Ken
name: Singh, Praveer
name: Neumark, Nir
name: Li, Wenqi
name: Gupta, Vikash
name: Gupta, Sharut
name: Qu, Liangqiong
name: Ihsani, Alvin
name: Bizzo, Bernardo C.
name: Wen, Yuhong
name: Buch, Varun
name: Shah, Meesam
name: Kitamura, Felipe
name: Mendonça, Matheus
name: Lavor, Vitor
name: Harouni, Ahmed
name: Compas, Colin
name: Tetreault, Jesse
name: Dogra, Prerna
name: Cheng, Yan
name: Erdal, Selnur
name: White, Richard
name: Hashemian, Behrooz
name: Schultz, Thomas
name: Zhang, Miao
name: McCarthy, Adam
name: Yun, B. Min
name: Sharaf, Elshaimaa
name: Hoebel, Katharina V.
name: Patel, Jay B.
name: Chen, Bryan
name: Ko, Sean
name: Leibovitz, Evan
name: Pisano, Etta D.
name: Coombs, Laura
name: Xu, Daguang
name: Dreyer, Keith J.
name: Dayan, Ittai
name: Naidu, Ram C.
name: Flores, Mona
name: Rubin, Daniel
name: Kalpathy-Cramer, Jayashree
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Building robust deep learning-based models requires large quantities of diverse training data. In this study, we investigate the use of federated learning (FL) to build medical imaging classification models in a real-world collaborative setting. Seven clinical institutions from across the world joined this FL effort to train a model for breast density classification based on Breast Imaging, Reporting & Data System (BI-RADS). We show that despite substantial differences among the datasets from all sites (mammography system, class distribution, and data set size) and without centralizing data, we can successfully train AI models in federation. The results show that models trained using FL perform 6.3% on average better than their counterparts trained on an institute's local data alone. Furthermore, we show a 45.8% relative improvement in the models' generalizability when evaluated on the other participating sites' testing data.
description: Accepted at the 1st MICCAI Workshop on "Distributed And Collaborative Learning"; add citation to Fig. 1 & 2 and update Fig. 5; fix typo in affiliations
Theory for Raman superradiance in atomic gases
Creators: name: Wang, Tun
name: Yelin, S. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mean field theory for Raman superradiance (SR) with recoil is presented, where the typical SR signatures are recovered, such as quadratic dependence of the intensity on the number of atoms and inverse proportionality of the time scale to the number of atoms. A comparison with recent experiments and theories on Rayleigh SR and collective atomic recoil lasing (CARL) are included. The role of recoil is shown to be in the decay of atomic coherence and breaking of the symmetry of the SR end-fire modes.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to be published in Physical Review A
Agegraphic dark energy as a quintessence
Creators: name: Zhang, Jingfei
name: Zhang, Xin
name: Liu, Hongya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a dark energy model characterized by the age of the universe, dubbed ``agegraphic dark energy'', was proposed by Cai. In this paper, a connection between the quintessence scalar-field and the agegraphic dark energy is established, and accordingly, the potential of the agegraphic quintessence field is constructed.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures; accepted by Eur. Phys. J. C
Stability against contact interactions of a topological superconductor in two-dimensional space protected by time-reversal and reflection symmetries
Creators: name: Aksoy, Ömer M.
name: Chen, Jyong-Hao
name: Ryu, Shinsei
name: Furusaki, Akira
name: Mudry, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the stability of topological crystalline superconductors in the symmetry class DIIIR and in two-dimensional space when perturbed by quartic contact interactions. It is known that no less than eight copies of helical pairs of Majorana edge modes can be gapped out by an appropriate interaction without spontaneously breaking any one of the protecting symmetries. Hence, the noninteracting classification $\mathbb{Z}$ reduces to $\mathbb{Z}^{\,}_{8}$ when these interactions are present. It is also known that the stability when there are less than eight modes can be understood in terms of the presence of topological obstructions in the low-energy bosonic effective theories, which prevent opening of a gap. Here, we investigate the stability of the edge theories with four, two, and one edge modes, respectively. We give an analytical derivation of the topological term for the first case, because of which the edge theory remains gapless. For two edge modes, we employ bosonization methods to derive an effective bosonic action. When gapped, this bosonic theory is necessarily associated to the spontaneous symmetry breaking of either one of time-reversal or reflection symmetry whenever translation symmetry remains on the boundary. For one edge mode, stability is explicitly established in the Majorana representation of the edge theory.
description: 16 pages with 1 figure
The Filibusters of 1911
Creators: name: Espinoza, Braulio
name: Mixco, Mauricio J.
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: klb

description: See Kiliwa Texts: “When I have Donned My Crest of Stars” (University of Utah Press, 1983), p. 233 for transcription, segmentation, glossing, and translation of this story.
ORIENTAÇÕES PARA ADAPTAÇÃO DO RECÉM-NATO À VIDA  EXTRA-UTERINA
Creators: name: da Silva, Laura Johanson
name: Guimarães, Clarissa Coelho Vieira
name: dos Santos, Inês Maria Meneses
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: AULA para graduação - ORIENTAÇÕES PARA ADAPTAÇÃO DO RECÉM-NATO À VIDA  EXTRA-UTERINA
A Prominent Accretion Disk in the Low-Hard State of the Black Hole Candidate SWIFT J1753.5-0127
Creators: name: Miller, J. M.
name: Homan, J.
name: Miniutti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on simultaneous XMM-Newton and RXTE observations of the stellar-mass black hole candidate SWIFT J1753.5-0127. The source was observed in the low-hard state, during the decline of a hard outburst. The inner accretion disk is commonly assumed to be radially truncated in the low-hard state, and it has been suggested that this property may be tied the production of steady, compact jets. Fits to the X-ray spectra of SWIFT J1753.5-0127 with a number of simple models clearly reveal a cool (kT ~ 0.2 keV) accretion disk. The disk component is required at more than the 8 sigma level of confidence. Although estimates of inner disk radii based on continuum spectroscopy are subject to considerable uncertainty, fits with a number of models suggest that the disk is observed at or close to the innermost stable circular orbit. Recently, an observation of GX 339-4 revealed a disk extending to the innermost stable circular orbit at L_X/L_Edd ~ 0.05; our results from SWIFT J1753.5-0127 may extend this finding down to L_X/L_Edd ~ 0.003 (d/8.5 kpc)^2 (M/Msun). We discuss our results within the context of low-luminosity accretion flow models and disk-jet connections.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, ApJ, in press
The effectiveness of three dimensional interaction
Creators: name: Boritz, James
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Most interaction with computers today takes place in a two dimensional environment. Even when using three dimensional graphics applications, input is often still restricted to two dimensions. Many believe that the use of three dimensional input devices will alleviate this restriction and allow for a much more natural human-machine dialog. This thesis seeks to establish how factors dealing with visual feedback and task structure affect the ability to perform interactive tasks in a three dimensional virtual environment. The factors investigated were stereoscopic vision, motion parallax, stimulus arrangement and stimulus complexity. Four tasks were studied. These tasks were: point location, docking, line tracing and curve tracing. All the tasks used a six degree of freedom input device to control a pointer in a three dimensional virtual environment. Four experiments corresponding to the four tasks were conducted to investigate these factors. Among other things the results showed the following. Stereoscopic vision provided a strong benefit to positioning-based tasks, but this benefit was weakened in the case of tracing tasks. Motion parallax via head-tracking often had no effect upon task performance and where an effect was found it was often detrimental. The position of stimuli influenced performance across all of the tasks. The orientation of stimuli influenced performance in the task in which it was varied.
Quantum limits for stationary force sensing
Creators: name: Khalili, Farid Ya.
name: Zeuthen, Emil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-of-the-art sensors of force, motion and magnetic fields have reached the sensitivity where the quantum noise of the meter is significant or even dominant. In particular, the sensitivity of the best optomechanical devices has reached the Standard Quantum Limit (SQL), which directly follows from the Heisenberg uncertainty relation and corresponds to balancing the measurement imprecision and the perturbation of the probe by the quantum back action of the meter. The SQL is not truly fundamental and several methods for its overcoming have been proposed and demonstrated. At the same time, two quantum sensitivity constraints which are more fundamental are known. The first limit arises from the finiteness of the probing strength (in the case of optical interferometers - of the circulating optical power) and is known as the Energetic Quantum Limit or, in a more general context, as the Quantum Cramér-Rao Bound (QCRB). The second limit arises from the dissipative dynamics of the probe, which prevents full efficacy of the quantum back action evasion techniques developed for overcoming the SQL. No particular name has been assigned to this limit; we propose the term Dissipative Quantum Limit (DQL) for it. Here we develop a unified theory of these two fundamental limits by deriving the general sensitivity constraint from which they follow as particular cases. Our analysis reveals a phase transition occurring at the boundary between the QCRB-dominated and the DQL regimes, manifested by the discontinuous derivatives of the optimal spectral densities of the meter field quantum noise. This leads to the counter-intuitive (but favorable) finding that quantum-limited sensitivity can be achieved with certain lossy meter systems. Finally, we show that the DQL originates from the non-autocommutativity of the internal thermal noise of the probe and that it can be overcome in non-stationary measurements.
description: Minor revisions, added Fig. 4; 13 pages, 4 figures
Couplings of a collection of BF models to matter theories
Creators: name: Bizdadea, C.
name: Cioroianu, E. M.
name: Saliu, S. O.
name: Sararu, S. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The couplings of a collection of BF models to matter theories are addressed in the framework of the antifield-BRST deformation procedure. The general theory is exemplified in the case where the matter fields are a set of Dirac spinors and respectively a collection of real scalar fields.
description: LaTeX, 48 pages, matching the published version
The Casimir force on a piston in the spacetime with extra compactified dimensions
Creators: name: Cheng, Hongbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A one-dimensional Casimir piston for massless scalar fields obeying Dirichlet boundary conditions in high-dimensional spacetimes within the frame of Kaluza-Klein theory is analyzed. We derive and calculate the exact expression for the Casimir force on the piston. We also compute the Casimir force in the limit that one outer plate is moved to the extremely distant place to show that the reduced force is associated with the properties of additional spatial dimensions. The more dimensionality the spacetime has, the stronger the extra-dimension influence is. The Casimir force for the piston in the model excluding one plate under the background with extra compactified dimensions always keeps attractive. Further we find that when the limit is taken the Casimir force between one plate and the piston will change to be the same form as the corresponding force for the standard system consisting of two parallel plates in the four-dimensional spacetimes if the ratio of the plate-piston distance and extra dimensions size is large enough.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Table S1;Figure S1;Figure S2 from Emerging infectious disease triggered a trophic cascade and enhanced recruitment of a masting tree
Creators: name: Bogdziewicz, Michał
name: Kuijper, Dries
name: Zwolak, Rafał
name: Churski, Marcin
name: Jędrzejewska, Bogumiła
name: Wysocka-Fijorek, Emilia
name: Gazda, Anna
name: Miścicki, Stanisław
name: Podgórski, Tomasz
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Post-dispersal seed predation by three subsets of seed consumers as derived from the experimental exclosures operating at 29 oak treess in 2009-2020. ;Density of wild boars during the study period (2009-2020) as estimated by the Polish State Forests. Shading highlights the period ASF epidemic. ;A picture of experimental set-up that allowed us to measure seed predation rates by different subsets of seed consumers, i.e., seed predation by all predators (on the 50 50 cm frame at ground level) and without ungulates (inside the fenced plots, upper left corner) and without all seed predators (in the blue seed bag).
Statistics of M theory Vacua
Creators: name: Acharya, Bobby S.
name: Denef, Frederik
name: Valandro, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vacuum statistics of ensembles of M theory compactifications on G_2 holonomy manifolds with fluxes, and of ensembles of Freund-Rubin vacua. We discuss similarities and differences between these and Type IIB flux landscapes. For the G_2 ensembles, we find that large volumes are strongly suppressed, and for both, unlike the IIB case, the distribution of cosmological constants is non-uniform. We also argue that these ensembles typically have exponentially more non-supersymmetric than supersymmetric vacua, and show that supersymmetry is virtually always broken at a high scale.
description: 7 figures, 58 pages with summary V2: refs. added