cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
О ПРЕДПОСЫЛКАХ ЗЛОУПОТРЕБЛЕНИЯ ПАТЕНТНЫМИ ПРАВАМИ
Creators: name: Корнеев П.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: злоупотребление патентными правами
предпосылки
злоупотребление правом
аксиология
субъективные права
гражданское право.

description: В статье рассматривается система предпосылок злоупотребления патентными правами в качестве обобщённой группы правовых и связанных с правом явлений, лежащих в основании злоупотребительных действий субъектов права и конкретных злоупотребительных актов. Автор предлагает дополнить наиболее часто встречающиеся в исследованиях по данной проблематике группы предпосылок аксиологическую предпосылку. Выделение данной предпосылки позволяет объяснить злоупотребительные намерения и направленность злоупотребительных действий в сфере патентного права.
Animal microsurgery using microfluidics
Creators: name: Harker, Bethany
name: Stirman, Jeffrey N
name: Crane, Matthew M
name: Lu, Hang
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Small multicellular genetic organisms form a central part of modern biological research. Using these small organisms provides significant advantages in genetic tractability, manipulation, lifespan and cost. Although the small size is generally advantageous, it can make procedures such as surgeries both time consuming and labor intensive. Over the past few years there have been dramatic improvements in microfluidic technologies that enable significant improvements in microsurgery and interrogation of small multicellular model organisms.
Walking: the first steps in cardiovascular disease prevention
Creators: name: Murtagh, Elaine M
name: Murphy, Marie H
name: Boone-Heinonen, Janne
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Health professionals are presented with the challenge of prescribing physical activity that is likely to be sustained by the sedentary majority. Walking is eminently suited to physical activity prescription for inactive individuals as it is accessible to men and women of all age and social groups and poses little risk of injury. This paper reviews recent evidence of the health benefits of walking and promotion of walking behavior.
Makerspaces in Libraries at U.S. Public Colleges and Universities: A Census
Creators: name: Hirsh K.
name: Melo M.
name: March L.
Publisher: name: Johns Hopkins University Press
Year: 2023

description: Makerspaces continue to grow in popularity in library ecosystems, yet no one has done a census on important data points, such as total active makerspaces, planned makerspaces, and types of makerspaces in public colleges and universities in the United States. The objective of this report is to gather baseline data on makerspaces, the majority of which are in academic libraries. Using an audit of websites, the researchers conducted a census of makerspaces at colleges and universities, collecting such data as makerspace status, location, and departmental affiliation. The researchers identified 284 active makerspaces and 35 planned makerspaces across 214 institutions; of these, 110 were affiliated with their institution’s library. This census offers a helpful baseline, but more data collection will provide a fuller representation of makerspaces in the United States.
Bias Correction of Persistence Measures in Fractionally Integrated Models
Creators: name: Grose, Simone D.
name: Martin, Gael M.
name: Poskitt, Donald S.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Econometric and statistical methods
Econometrics not elsewhere classified

description: This paper investigates the accuracy of bootstrap-based bias correction of persistence measures for long memory fractionally integrated processes. The bootstrap method is based on the semi-parametric sieve approach, with the dynamics in the long memory process captured by an autoregressive approximation. With a view to improving accuracy, the sieve method is also applied to data pre-filtered by a semi-parametric estimate of the long memory parameter. Both versions of the bootstrap technique are used to estimate the finite sample distributions of the sample autocorrelation coefficients and the impulse response coefficients and, in turn, to bias-adjust these statistics. The accuracy of the resultant estimators in the case of the autocorrelation coefficients is also compared with that yielded by analytical bias adjustment methods when available.
ОНЛАЙН-ОБУЧЕНИЕ ФИЗИЧЕСКОЙ КУЛЬТУРЕ В ВУЗАХ: СОВРЕМЕННОЕ СОСТОЯНИЕ И ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ
Creators: name: Хуан Юнь
name: Чжао Цзыцзянь
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: физическая культура
интернет
дистанционное образование
компьютерное тестирование
эксперимент
исследование
студенты
информационные технологии
физическое воспитание
обучение

description: В данной статье рассматривается применение онлайн обучения в университетах по предмету «физическая культура». Автор отмечает преимущества осуществления обучения в дистанционном формате, которые оказывают пользу не только на учеников, но и на преподавателей. Констатируется улучшение уровня знаний обучения с применением электронных систем, путем самостоятельного разбора материала, оперативного получения ответа на интересующие вопросы, что способствует сделать сам процесс обучения интенсивным. Даются рекомендации по хорошему усвоению материала обучения студентам, такие как умение правильно распределять время в течении дня.
Asymmetric spindle positioning
Creators: name: McCarthy, Erin K
name: Goldstein, Bob
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: When a spindle is positioned asymmetrically in a dividing cell, the resulting daughter cells are unequal in size. Asymmetric spindle positioning can be driven by regulated forces that can pull or push a spindle. The physical and molecular mechanisms that can position spindles asymmetrically have been studied in a number of systems, and some themes have begun to emerge from recent research. Recent work in budding yeast has presented a model for how cytoskeletal motors and cortical capture molecules can function in orienting and positioning a spindle. The temporal regulation of microtubule-based pulling forces that move a spindle has been examined in one animal system. Although the spindle positioning force generators have not been identified in most animal systems, the forces have been found to be regulated by both PAR polarity proteins and by G-protein signaling pathways in more than one animal system.
Bousfield localisations along Quillen bifunctors
Creators: name: Gutiérrez, Javier J.
name: Roitzheim, Constanze
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55P42, 55P60, 55S45

description: Consider a Quillen adjunction of two variables between combinatorial model categories from $\mathcal{C}\times\mathcal{D}$ to $\mathcal{E}$, and a set $\mathcal{S}$ of morphisms in $\mathcal{C}$. We prove that there is a localised model structure $L_{\mathcal{S}}\mathcal{E}$ on $\mathcal{E}$, where the local objects are the $\mathcal{S}$-local objects in $\mathcal{E}$ described via the right adjoint. These localised model structures generalise Bousfield localisations of simplicial model categories, Barnes and Roitzheim's familiar model structures, and Barwick's enriched Bousfield localisations. In particular, we can use these model structures to define Postnikov sections in more general left proper combinatorial model categories.
description: 21 pages. The paper "Bousfield localisations along Quillen bifunctors and applications" (arXiv:1411.0500v1) has been divided into two parts: "Bousfield localisations along Quillen bifunctors", which is this arXiv submission, and "Towers and fibered products of model structures" (arXiv:1602.06808). v3: Some minor changes and corrections. Final version
Point-curve incidences in the complex plane
Creators: name: Sheffer, Adam
name: Szabó, Endre
name: Zahl, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove an incidence theorem for points and curves in the complex plane. Given a set of $m$ points in ${\mathbb R}^2$ and a set of $n$ curves with $k$ degrees of freedom, Pach and Sharir proved that the number of point-curve incidences is $O\big(m^{\frac{k}{2k-1}}n^{\frac{2k-2}{2k-1}}+m+n\big)$. We establish the slightly weaker bound $O_\varepsilon\big(m^{\frac{k}{2k-1}+\varepsilon}n^{\frac{2k-2}{2k-1}}+m+n\big)$ on the number of incidences between $m$ points and $n$ (complex) algebraic curves in ${\mathbb C}^2$ with $k$ degrees of freedom. We combine tools from algebraic geometry and differential geometry to prove a key technical lemma that controls the number of complex curves that can be contained inside a real hypersurface. This lemma may be of independent interest to other researchers proving incidence theorems over ${\mathbb C}$.
description: The proof was significantly simplified, and now relies on the Picard-Lindelof theorem, rather than on foliations
ОСНОВЫ МЕХАНИЗМА ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ ЛИЧНОСТИ В УГОЛОВНОМ ПРОЦЕССЕ
Creators: name: Богинский М.М.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: безопасность
личность
механизм обеспечения безопасности
уголовный процесс
правовой механизм.

description: Процесс обеспечения безопасного участия личности в уголовном судопроизводстве составляет одну из важнейших задач современного российского законодательства, так как является гарантией соблюдения прав и свобод человека, а также объективного и справедливого правосудия. Создание эффективного механизма обеспечения уголовно-процессуальной безопасности личности требует наличия качественного законодательства, пронизанного единой идеей безопасности. К сожалению, утверждать, что на сегодняшний день данный правовой механизм функционирует четко и слаженно на всех этапах уголовного процесса, ещё преждевременно. Причиной тому является наличие ряда сущностных проблем, препятствующих развитию его потенциала, о чем свидетельствует результат проведенного исследования конструктивной и концептуальной основ механизма обеспечения безопасности личности в уголовном процессе.
Visualizing and quantifying adhesive signals
Creators: name: Sabouri-Ghomi, Mohsen
name: Wu, Yi
name: Danuser, Gaudenz
name: Hahn, Klaus
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Understanding the structural adaptation and signaling of adhesion sites in response to mechanical stimuli requires in situ characterization of the dynamic activation of a large number of adhesion components. Here, we review high resolution live cell imaging approaches to measure forces, assembly and interaction of adhesion components, and the activation of adhesion-mediated signals. We conclude by outlining computational multiplexing as a framework for the integration of these data into comprehensive models of adhesion signaling pathways.
Persistent late permian to early triassic warmth linked to enhanced reverse weathering
Creators: name: Song H.
name: Zhang Z.
name: Cao C.
name: Bataille C.P.
name: Wu H.
name: Korte C.
name: Tierney Cramer K.
name: Saltzman M.R.
name: Liu X.-M.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2022

description: In the Precambrian, reverse weathering—a process consuming oceanic silica, metal cations and alkalinity to form marine clays—was a key control of the long-term carbon cycle. However, the appearance of marine silicifiers decreased the importance of this process in regulating climate in the Phanerozoic eon. Here, we present seawater lithium and strontium isotope records derived from bulk carbonates and fossil brachiopods spanning the Permian to Early Triassic, an interval of pronounced climatic fluctuations and widespread extinctions. We show that the lithium isotope composition of seawater remained constant for most of the Permian until a sharp decrease in the Late Permian (~254 Myr ago) with low seawater Li isotope values (~10‰) persisting throughout the Early Triassic. Based on box modelling, changes in chemical weathering and hydrothermal fluxes are unable to explain the abrupt decline in seawater Li isotopes. Rather, increased lithium output fluxes through enhanced reverse weathering are required to produce the low Li isotope values of the Late Permian and Early Triassic (253–247 Myr ago). Increased reverse weathering rates could explain the failure of chemical weathering to draw down atmospheric CO2 levels during the Early Triassic, leading to protracted biotic recovery from the Permian–Triassic mass extinction.
ПАТРИОТИЗМ – НЕОБХОДИМЫЙ ЭЛЕМЕНТ ЗАЩИТЫ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОГО СУВЕРЕНИТЕТА РОССИИ
Creators: name: Белова С.Н.
name: Строгович Ю.Н.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: патриотизм
государственный суверенитет
воспитание
Родина
духовно-нравственные и культурно-исторические ценности
государственная национальная политика
государственная служба
уголовно-исполнительная система.

description: Патриотизм сегодня является одной из скреп государственности России и важнейшим принципом правового регулирования отношений в сфере образования. Как известно, патриотом человек не рождается, таковым он становится в процессе воспитания, которое начинается в первую очередь в семье, а потом продолжается в процессе получения образования, поскольку образование и воспитание – по сути, неразрывные части единого целого. Успешное решение задачи патриотического воспитания стоит и перед уголовно-исполнительной системой. Одной из основных целей воспитания сотрудников и работников УИС является формирование и развитие у них качеств и отношений гражданина-патриота, профессионала и высоконравственной личности. С учетом изменившейся и продолжающей этот процесс ситуации, мощным толчком к чему послужило начало специальной военной операции, потребуется некоторое время на осмысление вызовов, вставших перед уголовно-исполнительной системой. По результатам этого неизбежно возникнет необходимость в существенной корректировке организации всей воспитательной работы в учреждениях и органах уголовно-исполнительной системы, наполнении ее новыми смыслами, использовании новых методов с опорой, естественно, на хорошо зарекомендовавшие себя традиционные, но осовремененные методы воспитательной работы.
Agricultural transformation: trends in farm size, crop diversification and mechanization in Nicaragua and Peru
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Sinduja V.
name: Saborío, Milagro
name: Morales Opazo, Cristian
name: Srinivasan, Sinduja V.
name: Saborío, Milagro
name: Morales Opazo, Cristian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Agricultural transformation
subject: farm size
subject: crop diversification
subject: mechanization
subject: Nicaragua
subject: Peru

description: Structural change is a process in which the amount of labour, capital and land dedicated to agriculture (and other sectors) changes over time. In this study, we focus on the cases of Peru and Nicaragua using their two most recently administered agricultural censuses. The agricultural censuses permit us to identify dimensions and information available to study the process of structural change in Latin America over the last 20 years. The study includes a comparative analysis and policy recommendations based on the two most recent agricultural censuses administered in Nicaragua (2001 and 2011) and Peru (1994 and 2012). Processing and analysing information from these censuses contribute to identifying dimensions and information available to study the process of structural change in Latin America over the last 20 years. Evidence-based policymaking is increasingly more at the core of the United Nations and member countries’ activity. In the case of FAO, this type of study is crucial to build the knowledge body on which projects and activities are carried forward. The Hand-in-Hand (HiH) initiative is a key example in this context, as it aims at quantitatively identifying high-impact and high-agricultural potential areas in which to invest within developing countries. As Nicaragua and Peru are HiH’s target countries, this study will show very useful to learn about their recent experiences in agricultural transformations.
description: FAO Document Repository: https://doi.org/10.4060/cc1723en
New Limits on Polarized Power Spectra at 126 and 164 MHz: Relevance to Epoch of Reionization Measurements
Creators: name: Moore, David
name: Aguirre, James E.
name: Kohn, Saul
name: Parsons, Aaron
name: Ali, Zaki
name: Bradley, Richard
name: Carilli, Chris
name: DeBoer, David
name: Dexter, Matthew
name: Gugliucci, Nicole
name: Jacobs, Daniel
name: Klima, Pat
name: Liu, Adrian
name: MacMahon, David
name: Manley, Jason
name: Pober, Jonathan
name: Stefan, Irina
name: Walbrugh, William
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized foreground emission is a potential contaminant of attempts to measure the fluctuation power spectrum of highly redshifted 21 cm HI emission from the epoch of reionization. Using the Donald C. Backer Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER), we present limits on the observed power spectra of all four Stokes parameters in two frequency bands, centered at 126 MHz ($z=10.3$) and 164 MHz ($z=7.66$) for a three-month observing campaign of a 32-antenna deployment, for which unpolarized power spectrum results have been reported at $z=7.7$ (Parsons et al 2014) and $7.5 < z < 10.5$ (Jacobs et al 2014). The power spectra in this paper are processed in the same way as in those works, and show no definitive detection of polarized power. This non-detection appears to be largely due to the suppression of polarized power by ionospheric rotation measure fluctuations, which strongly affect Stokes Q and U. We are able to show that the net effect of polarized leakage is a negligible contribution at the levels of of the limits reported in Parsons et al 2014 and Jacobs et al 2014.
description: Accepted by ApJ
Mechanisms of force generation by end-on kinetochore-microtubule attachments
Creators: name: Joglekar, Ajit P
name: Salmon, ED
name: Bloom, Kerry S
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Generation of motile force is one of the main functions of the eukaryotic kinetochore during cell division. In recent years, the KMN network of proteins (Ndc80 complex, Mis12 complex and KNL-1 complex) has emerged as a highly conserved core microtubule-binding complex at the kinetochore. It plays a major role in coupling force generation to microtubule plus-end polymerization and depolymerization. In this review, we discuss current theoretical mechanisms of force generation, and then focus on emerging information about mechanistic contributions from the Ndc80 complex in eukaryotes, and the microtubule-binding Dam1/DASH complex from fungi. New information has also become available from super-resolution light microscopy on the protein architecture of the kinetochore-microtubule attachment site in both budding yeast and humans, which provides further insight into the mechanism of force generation. We briefly discuss potential contributions of motors, other microtubule-associated proteins, and microtubule depolymerases. Using the above evidence, we present speculative models of force generation at the kinetochore.
ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ И ПУТИ СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЯ ПРАВОВОГО РЕГУЛИРОВАНИЯ ЗАКОННОГО ИМУЩЕСТВА СУПРУГОВ
Creators: name: Жмурова С.С.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: брак
имущество
режим законного имущества супругов
общее имущество супругов
общая совместная собственность
общая долевая собственность
личное имущество супругов
раздел имущества.

description: Семейные отношения всегда играли ключевую роль, в совместной жизни граждан, а также и общества. Усиление роли и значения совместной собственности супругов в обеспечении благоприятных условий жизнедеятельности всей семьи, прежде всего детей и иных нетрудоспособных лиц, входящих в состав семьи, а также возрастающее количество бракоразводных процессов, сопряженных, как правило, с разделом совместно нажитого имущества, вызывающего множество проблем, противоречий, не имеющих однозначных механизмов разрешения, диктуют необходимость совершенствования законодательства РФ по вопросу имущественных правоотношений супругов. Судебная практика, отражающая процесс правового регулирования семейных правоотношений, возникающих из споров совместной собственности супругов, выделение из долей в общей собственности, а значит определение и реализация принципов гуманизма, справедливости и правил человеческого общения и жизнедеятельности, позволяет выделить общие направления, тенденции совершения семейных правоотношений в сегменте их имущественных параметров.
Oriented divisions, fate decisions
Creators: name: Williams, Scott E
name: Fuchs, Elaine
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: During development, the establishment of proper tissue architecture depends upon the coordinated control of cell divisions not only in space and time, but also direction. Execution of an oriented cell division requires establishment of an axis of polarity and alignment of the mitotic spindle along this axis. Frequently, the cleavage plane also segregates fate determinants, either unequally or equally between daughter cells, the outcome of which is either an asymmetric or symmetric division, respectively. The last few years have witnessed tremendous growth in understanding both the extrinsic and intrinsic cues that position the mitotic spindle, the varied mechanisms in which the spindle orientation machinery is controlled in diverse organisms and organ systems, and the manner in which the division axis influences the signaling pathways that direct cell fate choices.
Enhanced Second Harmonic Generation from Coupled Asymmetric Plasmonic Metal Nanostructures
Creators: name: Yildiz, Bilge Can
name: Tasgin, Mehmet Emre
name: Abak, Musa Kurtulus
name: Coskun, Sahin
name: Unalan, Husnu Emrah
name: Bek, Alpan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that second harmonic generation can be enhanced by Fano resonant coupling of asymmetric plasmonic metal nanostructures. We develop a theoretical model examining the effects of electromagnetic interaction between two metal nanostructures on the second harmonic generation. We compare the second harmonic generation efficiency of a single plasmonic metal nanostructure with that of two coupled ones. We show that second harmonic generation from a single metal nanostructure can be enhanced about 30 times by attaching a second metal nanostructure with a 10 times higher quality factor than that of the first one. The origin of this enhancement is Fano resonant coupling of the two metal nanostructures. We support our findings on Fano enhancement of second harmonic generation by an experimental study of a coupled plasmonic system composed of a silver nanoparticle and a silver nanowire on glass surface in which the ratio of the quality factors are also estimated to be around 10 times.
ПОВЫШЕНИЕ УРОВНЯ СЕВЕРНОГО ЛЕДОВИТОГО ОКЕАНА И ПРОБЛЕМЫ ДЕЛИМИТАЦИИ ЗОН ЮРИСДИКЦИИ ПРИАРКТИЧЕСКИХ ГОСУДАРСТВ
Creators: name: Шинкарецкая Г.Г.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: Северный Ледовитый океан
повышение уровня моря
законодательство арктических государств
судоходство в Арктике
вынужденная миграция
Комиссия международного права
Всемирная Ассоциация международного права
Конвенци ООН по морскому праву

description: Повышение уровня воды в Северном Ледовитом океане не так значительно, как в других районах Мирового океана. Тем не менее, оно составляет несколько миллиметров в год, что в долгосрочной перспективе может создать трудности в регулировании морской деятельности, прежде всего в силу изменения конфигурации побережья и исчезновении используемых ныне исходных точек и исходных линий для измерения ширины территориального моря, а вслед за ним и иных зон юрисдикции прибрежного государства. Необходимо учесть также, что Северный Ледовитый океан все более становится всемирным судоходным путем, и в основном используется Северный морской путь, трасса которого меняется в зависимости от погодных условий. Поскольку море наступает на сушу, крайняя граница зон юрисдикции, отделяющая их от открытого моря, в основном остается на месте, отодвигается исходная линия и потому происходит расширение зон юрисдикции по сравнению с теми параметрами, которые предусмотрены Конвенцией ООН по морскому праву 1982 г. Это расширение не наносит ущерба другим государствам, кроме прибрежного, а потому его можно расценивать как не противоречащее Конвенции. Совершенно новая проблема, встающая в связи с повышением уровня Северного Ледовитого океана, это необходимость переселения значительных масс людей в места безопасного обитания и даже, возможно, включение их в новые отрасли народного хозяйства.
Directed migration of mesenchymal cells: where signaling and the cytoskeleton meet
Creators: name: Haugh, Jason M
name: Bear, James E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Cell migration directed by spatial cues, or taxis, is a primary mechanism for orchestrating concerted and collective cell movements during development, wound repair, and immune responses. Compared with the classic example of amoeboid chemotaxis, in which fast-moving cells such as neutrophils are directed by gradients of soluble factors, directed migration of slow-moving mesenchymal cells such as fibroblasts is poorly understood. Mesenchymal cells possess a distinctive organization of the actin cytoskeleton and associated adhesion complexes as its primary mechanical system, generating the asymmetric forces required for locomotion without strong polarization. The emerging hypothesis is that the molecular underpinnings of mesenchymal taxis involve distinct signaling pathways and diverse requirements for regulation.
FDR-Control in Multiscale Change-point Segmentation
Creators: name: Li, Housen
name: Munk, Axel
name: Sieling, Hannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fast multiple change-point segmentation methods, which additionally provide faithful statistical statements on the number, locations and sizes of the segments, have recently received great attention. In this paper, we propose a multiscale segmentation method, FDRSeg, which controls the false discovery rate (FDR) in the sense that the number of false jumps is bounded linearly by the number of true jumps. In this way, it adapts the detection power to the number of true jumps. We prove a non-asymptotic upper bound for its FDR in a Gaussian setting, which allows to calibrate the only parameter of FDRSeg properly. Change-point locations, as well as the signal, are shown to be estimated in a uniform sense at optimal minimax convergence rates up to a log-factor. The latter is w.r.t. $L^p$-risk, $p \ge 1$, over classes of step functions with bounded jump sizes and either bounded, or possibly increasing, number of change-points. FDRSeg can be efficiently computed by an accelerated dynamic program; its computational complexity is shown to be linear in the number of observations when there are many change-points. The performance of the proposed method is examined by comparisons with some state of the art methods on both simulated and real datasets. An R-package is available online.
description: An R-package "FDRSeg" is available at http://www.stochastik.math.uni-goettingen.de/fdrs
ПОЛИТИЧЕСКИЙ И ГОСУДАРСТВЕННЫЙ РЕЖИМ НА ПРИМЕРЕ ТОТАЛИТАРИЗМА
Creators: name: Шепелев Д.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: политический режим
государственный режим
идеология
тоталитаризм
тоталитарное государство
фашизм
коммунизм
корпоративизм.

description: Говоря о государстве, невозможно игнорировать такой элемент его формы, как политический режим. На данный момент учёные выделяют всего два: демократический и недемократический режимы. Последний представлен авторитарным и тоталитарным. При этом большинство мнений сходится на том, что авторитаризм является формой промежуточной между демократией и авторитаризмом, что фактически оставляет нам только два кардинально противоположных явления. Однако, что же тогда представляет из себя режим государственный и существует ли разница между этими категориями? Также перед автором стоит вопрос: если режим определяет идеология, то где её место в этих категориях? Демократическое государство свободно от официальной идеологии, а потому все эти явления рассмотрены на примере тоталитарного государства.
ПОЛИЦИЯ В МЕХАНИЗМЕ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ГОСУДАРСТВА
Creators: name: Маздогова З.З.
name: Макоева Е.Р.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: полиция
закон
прохождение службы
государство
общество
кандидаты
отбор.

description: Неотъемлемым атрибутом современного государства, без которого невозможно его нормальное функционирование выступают органы внутренних дел, в частности полиция. Авторы отмечают, что с принятием Закона «О полиции» наладилась система отбора кандидатов на службу в правоохранительные органы, повысились требования к профессионально значимым качествам претендентов на службу. Условия и требования поступления на службу в органы внутренних дел РФ подробно расписаны в статьях Закона «О службе в органах внутренних дел РФ» и Закона «О полиции». После проведения реформы в системе Министерства внутренних дел отчетливо проявляется тенденция приблизить полицию к населению, интегрировать в гражданское общество. Одним из главных средств для достижения этой цели является наделение полиции статусом органа общественных услуг, а не просто органа, отвечающего за соблюдение закона. В завершении делается вывод, что в демократическом обществе поддержка деятельности полиции со стороны населения, будет гарантией ее успешной работы, а поддержку населения невозможно будет получить, если не будет достигнуто взаимопонимание и сотрудничество.
Optogenetic approaches to cell migration and beyond
Creators: name: Weitzman, Matthew
name: Hahn, Klaus M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Optogenetics, the use of genetically encoded tools to control protein function with light, can generate localized changes in signaling within living cells and animals. For years it has been focused on channel proteins for neurobiology, but has recently expanded to cover many different types of proteins, using a broad array of different protein engineering approaches. These methods have largely been directed at proteins involved in motility, cytoskeletal regulation and gene expression. This review provides a survey of non-channel proteins that have been engineered for optogenetics. Existing molecules are used to illustrate the advantages and disadvantages of the many imaginative new approaches that the reader can use to create light-controlled proteins.
On the possibility of blue tensor spectrum within single field inflation
Creators: name: Cai, Yi-Fu
name: Gong, Jinn-Ouk
name: Pi, Shi
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
name: Wu, Shang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a series of theoretical constraints on the potentially viable inflation models that might yield a blue spectrum for primordial tensor perturbations. By performing a detailed dynamical analysis we show that, while there exists such possibility, the corresponding phase space is strongly bounded. Our result implies that, in order to achieve a blue tilt for inflationary tensor perturbations, one may either construct a non-canonical inflation model delicately, or study the generation of primordial tensor modes beyond the standard scenario of single slow-roll field.
description: (v1) 18 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; (v2) 12 pages in REVTeX4, to appear in Nuclear Physics B
Tuning up the right signal: chemical and genetic approaches to study GPCR functions
Creators: name: Giguere, Patrick M
name: Roth, Bryan L
name: Kroeze, Wesley K
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family is among the most druggable families in the human proteome. GPCRs are involved in most physiological processes, and our ability to modulate their activity is a hallmark of modern pharmacology. The means by which the activity of GPCRs can be modulated have been expanded by emerging data and concepts in pharmacology, which has created new strategies for their control. These new approaches will lead to the generation of more potent, selective, and efficient pharmaceutics, while reducing inappropriate actions and adverse effects. Herein, we review and comment on some recent advances in chemical and genetic approaches to the profiling of GPCR function, as well as the validation of orphan GPCRs as potential therapeutic targets using engineered receptors.
ПОНИМАНИЕ ПРИНЦИПА ДОБРОСОВЕСТНОСТИ В АНГЛОСАКСОНСКОМ ПРАВЕ
Creators: name: Пронин А.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: частное право
английское право
общее право
добросовестность
злоупотребление правом.

description: С учетом того, что в континентальной системе гражданского права понятие добросовестности применяется либо в субъективном (честность сама по себе), либо в объективном смысле (добросовестность и честное ведение дел), основное внимание в настоящей статье уделяется о последнем. Традиционная точка зрения в Англии и Уэльсе отвергает признание общего принципа добросовестности и справедливости в английском праве. Английские суды приняли решения с их частичным признанием (о чем свидетельствуют судебные решения, по иску Библиотеки изображений Интермото (1987 год) и Уолфорд против Майлза (1992 год). В то же время рассматриваемый принцип, наряду с концепцией свободы договора, является одним из наиболее важных принципов континентальной традиции гражданского права (ст. 1104 Французского Гражданского кодекса, § 157, § 242 Германского гражданского уложения, Статья 2(1) Гражданского кодекса Швейцарии, статья 6:2 Гражданского кодекса Нидерландов, статья 5 Польского гражданского кодекса, статья 2 (1) Общеевропейского закона о купле-продаже, 1:201 Принципов Европейского контрактного права, статья III-1:103 Проекта концепции общих правил (ЕС). Настоящая работа анализирует актуальное английское прецедентное право (в частности, Ям Сенг (2013 год)), в котором, как представляется, признается принцип добросовестности и справедливости отвергая вышеупомянутую традиционную точку зрения. Сравнительный подход ссылки на американское право и право Содружества, а также на право отдельных европейских государств принимаются во внимание. Автор утверждает, что враждебное отношение к концепции добросовестности в объективном смысле в английском праве является поверхностным. Можно ожидать, что в ближайшем будущем суды в Англии и Уэльсе будут следовать по пути, выбранному судами в Соединенных Штатах (§205 Свода договоров (1981 год)), Австралии (Ренард Конструктонс (1992 год)) и Канаде (Бхисин против Гринью (2014 год)), и, наконец, они признают добросовестность в качестве основополагающего принципа.
In vivo imaging of brown adipose tissue vasculature reactivity during adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis in mice
Creators: name: Yuan H.
name: Branca R.T.
name: Livingston E.W.
name: Garside J.C.
name: Frank J.E.
Publisher: name: Nature Research
Year: 2022

description: Brown adipose tissue (BAT) is a fat tissue specialized in heat production (non-shivering thermogenesis) and used by mammals to defend core body temperature when exposed to cold. Several studies have shown that during non-shivering thermogenesis the increase in BAT oxygen demand is met by a local and specific increase in tissue’s blood flow. While the vasculature of BAT has been extensively studied postmortem in rodents using histology, optical and CT imaging techniques, vasculature changes during stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis have never been directly detected in vivo. Here, by using computed tomography (CT) angiography with gold nanoparticles we investigate, non-invasively, changes in BAT vasculature during adrenergic stimulation of non-shivering thermogenesis by norepinephrine, a vasoconstrictor known to mediate brown fat heat production, and by CL 316,243, a specific β3-adrenergic agonist also known to elicit BAT thermogenesis in rodents. We found that while CL 316,243 causes local vasodilation in BAT, with little impact on the rest of the vasculature throughout the body, norepinephrine leads to local vasodilation in addition to peripheral vasoconstriction. As a result, a significantly greater relative increase in BAT perfusion is observed following the injection of NE compared to CL. This study demonstrates the use of in vivo CT angiography as an effective tool in assessing vascular reactivity in BAT both qualitatively and quantitatively in preclinical studies.
Topology of unitary groups and the prime orders of binomial coefficients
Creators: name: Duan, Haibao
name: Lin, Xianzu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 55T10

description: Let $c:SU(n)\rightarrow PSU(n)=SU(n)/\mathbb{Z}_{n}$ be the quotient map of the special unitary group $SU(n)$ by its center subgroup $\mathbb{Z}_{n}$. We determine the induced homomorphism $c^{\ast}:$ $H^{\ast}(PSU(n))\rightarrow H^{\ast}(SU(n))$ on cohomologies by computing with the prime orders of binomial coefficients
description: 8 pages
ПОНЯТИЕ И СОДЕРЖАНИЕ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ ИМУЩЕСТВЕННЫМИ ПРАВАМИ В ГРАЖДАНСКОМ КОДЕКСЕ РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ
Creators: name: Лутовинова Н.В.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: имущественные права
доверительное управление
имущество
гражданское законодательство
интеллектуальная собственность
обязательственные права
договор.

description: С периода становления новых положений Гражданского кодекса Российской Федерации в момент принятия его первой части до настоящего времени законодательно не раскрыто понятие «имущественных прав» и не разъяснен понятийный вопрос об управлении имущественными правами. Гражданское законодательство Российской Федерации не дает легального определения понятия «имущественное право». В статье автор исследует определение понятие «имущественные права», природу доверительного управления и анализирует некоторые особенности такого управления.
Living beyond the edge: Higgs inflation and vacuum metastability
Creators: name: Bezrukov, Fedor
name: Rubio, Javier
name: Shaposhnikov, Mikhail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurements of the Higgs mass and top Yukawa coupling indicate that we live in a very special Universe, at the edge of the absolute stability of the electroweak vacuum. If fully stable, the Standard Model (SM) can be extended all the way up to the inflationary scale and the Higgs field, non-minimally coupled to gravity with strength $ξ$, can be responsible for inflation. We show that the successful Higgs inflation scenario can also take place if the SM vacuum is not absolutely stable. This conclusion is based on two effects that were overlooked previously. The first one is associated with the effective renormalization of the SM couplings at the energy scale $M_P/ξ$, where $M_P$ is the Planck scale. The second one is a symmetry restoration after inflation due to high temperature effects that leads to the (temporary) disappearance of the vacuum at Planck values of the Higgs field.
description: 20 pages, 23 figures, published version, added clarifications and references, new appendix, corrected typos
Microelectrodes for studying neurobiology
Creators: name: Kita, Justin M
name: Wightman, R Mark
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Microelectrodes have emerged as an important tool used by scientists to study biological changes in the brain and in single cells. This review briefly summarizes the ways in which microelectrodes as chemical sensors have furthered the field of neurobiology by reporting on changes that occur on the sub-second time scale. Microelectrodes have been used in a variety of fields including their use by electrophysiologists to characterize neuronal action potentials and development of neural prosthetics. Here we restrict our review to microelectrodes that have been used as chemical sensors. They have played a major role in many important neurobiological findings.
On vector bundle manifolds with spherically symmetric metrics
Creators: name: Albuquerque, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: (primary) 53C07, 53C25, 53C29, (secondary) 53C22, 53C55

description: We give a general description of the construction of weighted spherically symmetric metrics on vector bundle manifolds, i.e. the total space of a vector bundle $E\rightarrow M$, over a Riemannian manifold $M$, when $E$ is endowed with a metric connection. The tangent bundle of $E$ admits a canonical decomposition and thus it is possible to define an interesting class of two-weights metrics with the weight functions depending on the fibre norm of $E$; hence the generalized concept of spherically symmetric metrics. We study its main properties and curvature equations. Finally we focus on a few applications and compute the holonomy of Bryant-Salamon type $\mathrm{G}_2$ manifolds.
description: Final version
Asymptotic entropic uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Adamczak, Radosław
name: Latała, Rafał
name: Puchała, Zbigniew
name: Życzkowski, Karol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We analyze entropic uncertainty relations for two orthogonal measurements on a $N$-dimensional Hilbert space, performed in two generic bases. It is assumed that the unitary matrix $U$ relating both bases is distributed according to the Haar measure on the unitary group. We provide lower bounds on the average Shannon entropy of probability distributions related to both measurements. The bounds are stronger than these obtained with use of the entropic uncertainty relation by Maassen and Uffink, and they are optimal up to additive constants. We also analyze the case of a large number of measurements and obtain strong entropic uncertainty relations which hold with high probability with respect to the random choice of bases. The lower bounds we obtain are optimal up to additive constants and allow us to establish the conjecture by Wehner and Winter on the asymptotic behavior of constants in entropic uncertainty relations as the dimension tends to infinity. As a tool we develop estimates on the maximum operator norm of a submatrix of a fixed size of a random unitary matrix distributed according to the Haar measure, which are of an independent interest.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure
ПОНЯТИЕ ПОТЕРПЕВШЕГО И ОСНОВАНИЯ ПРИЗНАНИЯ ЕГО ТАКОВЫМ НА СОВРЕМЕННОМ ЭТАПЕ
Creators: name: Сурцев А.В.
name: Бозиев М.В.
name: Бжахов Г.М.
Publisher: name: Образование и право
Year: 2022
Subjects: потерпевший
родственники
процессуальный статус
основания для признания потерпевшим
преступление
неоконченное преступление.

description: В статье авторы приводят понятие потерпевшего и основания признания его таковым с точки зрения законодательства, а также мнения различных правоведов, высказывающих иные точки зрения. В статье затронуты дискуссионные вопросы законодательства и пробелы, связанные с переходом данного статуса родственникам лица, ранее проходившего по уголовному делу как потерпевший, умершего по причинам, не связанным с уголовным делом, а также проблемы признания лица таковым в случае неоконченного преступного деяния.
Recent progress and applications in glycosaminoglycan and heparin research
Creators: name: Dordick, Jonathan S
name: Zhang, Fuming
name: Linhardt, Robert J
name: Laremore, Tatiana N
name: Liu, Jian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Heparin, the focus of this review, is a critically important anticoagulant drug produced from animal sources, which was contaminated last year leading to a number of adverse side effects, some resulting in death. Heparin is a highly acidic polysaccharide and a member of a family of biopolymers called glycosaminoglycans. The structure and activities of heparin are detailed along with recent advances in heparin structural analysis and biological evaluation. Current state-of-the-art chemical and chemoenzymatic synthesis of heparin and new approaches for its metabolic engineering are described. New technologies, including microarrays and digital microfluidics, are proposed for high-throughput synthesis and screening of heparin and for the fabrication of an artificial Golgi.
Metal–organic frameworks as potential drug carriers
Creators: name: Lin, Wenbin
name: Della Rocca, Joseph
name: Huxford, Rachel C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Nanoparticle-based therapeutics have received increasing attention, as these systems can alleviate many drawbacks of conventional therapy. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), a new class of hybrid materials composed of metal ions and organic bridging ligands, have emerged as a promising platform for drug delivery, owing to their high drug loadings, biodegradability, and versatile functionality. The bulk MOF materials can absorb and release large amounts of therapeutics including ibuprofen, procainamide, and nitric oxide. Scale-down of MOFs to the nano-regime yields nanoscale metal-organic frameworks (NMOFs) which are more applicable as delivery vehicles, such as selective delivery of cisplatin prodrugs. Although progress has been made in utilizing NMOFs for drug delivery, many improvements must occur before they can become viable nanotherapeutics.
In Support of Phonological Bias in Implicit Learning
Creators: name: Becker M.
name: Pertsova K.
Publisher: name: Routledge
Year: 2021

description: This paper explores the hypothesis that children pay more attention to phonological cues than semantic cues when acquiring grammatical patterns. In a series of artificial allomorphy learning experiments with adults and children we find support for this hypothesis but only for those learners who do not show clear signs of explicit learning. In particular, learners who cannot verbalize a correct rule after the experiment nevertheless perform above chance on phonological patterns, but not the semantic ones. On the other hand, learners, particularly adults, are more likely to (explicitly) discover and successfully verbalize a rule based on a salient feature of animacy compared to a phonological feature based on the number of syllables. We discuss implications of these results in the context of a distinction between explicit and implicit learning mechanisms and how this distinction relates to the study of phonological bias.