Orchestina lanceolata Henrard & Jocqué 2012, new species
Creators: name: Henrard, Arnaud
name: Jocqué, Rudy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Oonopidae
Orchestina
Orchestina lanceolata

description: Orchestina lanceolata new species   
Figures 427–462, 608  
 TYPE: Holotype Male: Cameroon: Faro Game Reserve, tropical savanna, canopy, 8.38583°, 12.83333°, Apr. 22, 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt, (MRAC 228736 PBI _ OON 8981).   
ETYMOLOGY: The species name refers to the elongate embolus in the male.  
 DIAGNOSIS: The male of O. lanceolata is recognized by the presence of a rectangular sclerotized plate on the clypeus (Fig. 423), the large PME (Figs. 417, 423), the strongly sclerotized spade-shaped labium (Figs. 421, 422) and the dorsal knob on the bulbus near the base of the embolus (Fig. 427). Females are characterized by the genital area with two sclerotized pockets in front of the genital opening and with the AUS visible as a dark cylinder with two circular basal spots (Figs. 430, 431). The net-shaped dark pattern is poorly developed in both sexes.   
 NOTE: The species is close to O. hammamali Saaristo & van Harten, 2006 and O. mirabilis Saaristo & van Harten, 2006 from Yemen. We have examined specimens of both species (resp. MZT AA 3.688, paratypes and MZT AA 3.693, paratypes) and found clear differences in the shape of the male palp and the female genitalia. The female genitalia of O. hammamali lack the pockets present in O. lanceolata and O. mirabilis, but in the latter they are much deeper. The bulbus of the male palp of O. lanceolata differs by the dorsal boss just distal of the cymbium, absent in both the other species. The shape of the male endites differs in all three species: in both O. mirabilis and O. hammamali the tip of the endite has a double extension, whereas the tip is hook-shaped and points inward in O. lanceolata. O. mirabilis has a thick prolateral seta in the middle of the endite, lacking in both the other species.   
 MALE (PBI_OON 8981). Total length 1.02. CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace (Figs. 417, 420, 423, 432) yellow, slightly darker anteriorly than posteriorly, elongate oval in dorsal view (CW/CL ≈ 0.70), pars cephalica slightly elevated in lateral view, anteriorly narrowed to between 0.5 and 0.75 times its maximum width, color pattern reduced, when visible with dark central longitudinal stripe, split in three at level of fovea and radiating backward; central stripe again split in two at posterior tip. Clypeus vertical in lateral view, characterized by alternating less and more strongly sclerotized areas (Figs. 422, 423, 434): lateral margin with sclerotized area between frontal margin and ALE and centre with rectangular sclerotized area between margin and PME. Eyes ALE-PME touching, PME circular; PLE-PME separated by less than PME radius. Sternum (Figs. 418, 419, 433, 436, 437) longer than wide, yellow, darker anteriorly than posteriorly; setae densest anteriorly and laterally, needle-like; posterior margin extending posteriorly beyond anterior edges of coxae IV as single extension, medially provided with a low rounded bulge; anterior part strongly sclerotized, attached to labium by narrow projection (Figs. 421, 422) thus forming two pouches accommodating tip of embolus; anterior lateral margins sinuous, forming two low ridges, provided with long setae and separated from coxae II by a frontal depressions; anterior ridge just behind anterior pouches, provided with procurved slit (Figs. 436, 437) on either side of posterior slope. Mouthparts: Chelicerae, endites and labium pale orange. Chelicerae slightly divergent, retromagin of paturon with low proximal swelling (Fig. 435); setae sparse; fang distally curved (Fig. 444). Labium (Figs. 421, 422, 439) much more heavily sclerotized than sternum, spade-shaped; lateral margins strongly sclerotized and with sclerotized transverse band in centre; anterior margin with two small sclerotized tooth-like projections; posterior part narrowed, fused to sternum; with 3–5 setae on anterior margin, provided anteriorly with three subdistal setae, medially with two pairs of setae and posteriorly with one seta. Labrum (Fig. 441) covered anteriorly with plumose setae. Endites (Figs. 439–443) serrula present in single row, much more heavily sclerotized than sternum, distal end clearly divided in two parts: lateral part with strongly sclerotized lateral margin, its distal extremity with sharp tip pointing backward; median part curved, with spatulate setae; with two short, rounded basal processes directed anteriorly (Fig. 442). ABDOMEN: globular; dorsum soft portions yellow, with dark posterior end, dorsal chevron pattern faint. Book lung covers small, round, finely squamose. Pedicel (Fig. 438) with fringe of setae, scutum absent, meshed texture visible in SEM view. Spinnerets: ALS with four spigots, PMS with one spigot, PLS with two spigots. LEGS: yellow; patella plus tibia I near as long as carapace (TL/CL ≈ 0.97); tarsi bearing claws with proximal tooth divided itself in smaller teeth curved downward (Figs. 445–447). Leg spines absent. Tarsus I superior claws with nine or more teeth on lateral surface of proclaw, nine or more teeth on lateral surface of retroclaw; tarsus II superior claws with nine or more teeth on lateral surface of proclaw, nine or more teeth on lateral surface of retroclaw. Tarsal organ (Figs. 447, 448) narrow, diamond shaped. GENITALIA: Epigastric region (Fig. 449) with sperm pore slit-shaped. Palp (Figs. 427–429, 450–453): tibia slightly enlarged, wider than femur; cymbium yellow, without distal patch of setae; bulb yellow, stout, oval, prolateral surface with knob-like outgrowth halfway between cymbium and embolus base; embolus dark, with two subdistal lobes at right angles, dorsal lobe rounded, retrolateral triangular; terminates in two sharp points.   
 FEMALE (PBI_OON 8976). As in male except as noted. Total length 1.28. CEPHALOTHORAX: Carapace (Figs. 424–426) as in male. Clypeus sloping forward in lateral view. Sternum (Fig. 454) anterior margin with semicircular depression in the middle half, anterior lateral margins slightly sinuous, forming shallow depressions in front of coxae II and III; centre finely granulate; margins with row of tiny dark spots; setae abundant, evenly scattered. Mouthparts: Chelicerae, endites and labium yellow. Labium (Fig. 458) rounded; with anterior margin indented at middle when viewed from in front; with 6 or more setae on anterior margin. Endites anterior inner margin with row of spatulate setae. Female palp; dorsal side of tarsus in middle with small, flattened, knob-like outgrowth; tarsus ending in sharp conical point; tarsal organ (Figs. 455, 456) very narrow, forming an oblique slit in relation to the axis of the tarsus; margin raised above surroundings. ABDOMEN (Figs. 424–426): ovoid, without long posterior extension, rounded posteriorly. Book lung covers covered by dense pattern of undulating ridges. LEGS: metatarsi apical part provided with group of small modified, broom shaped setae (Fig. 460) on prolateral side of leg I, II and III;, tarsi bearing claws (Fig. 459) with proximal tooth divided itself in three smaller teeth curved downward. Tarsus I superior claws with eight teeth on median surface of proclaw, eight teeth on median surface of retroclaw. Tarsal organ narrow diamond shaped (Figs. 461, 462). GENITALIA (Figs. 430–431, 457): Ventral view: with dark longitudinal median band (AUS) visible through cuticle, divided basally in two short oblique stretches ending in circular dark spots; small, sclerotized oval pockets present on either side of the AUS. Internal structures not examined.   
 MATERIAL EXAMINED: CAMEROON: Faro Game Reserve, tropical savanna, canopy, 8.38583°, 12.83333°, Apr. 27, 2007, R. Jocqué, K. Loosveldt, L. Baert and M. Alderweireldt, 1♀ paratype (MRAC 228735 PBI _ OON 8976); as previous, 1♀ paratype (MRAC PBI _ OON 8977); as previous, 1♂ paratype (MRAC 228737 PBI _ OON 8979); as previous, Apr. 22, 2007, 2♂ paratypes (MRAC 228789 PBI _ OON 8978); as previous, Mar. 05, 2007, 1♂ paratype (MRAC 228738 PBI _ OON 8980).   
DISTRIBUTION: Known only from the type locality: Faro Game Reserve in northern Cameroon (Fig. 608).
description: Published as part of Henrard, Arnaud & Jocqué, Rudy, 2012, 3284, pp. 1-104 in Zootaxa 3284 on pages 69-73