cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Disc dynamics and turbulence of z ~ 4.5 galaxies
Creators: name: Roman de Oliveira, Fernanda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: With the completion of ALMA, we now have unparalleled spatial resolution at submm wavelengths, enabling detailed kinematic studies of high redshift galaxies for the first time. In this presentation I will show kinematic models of four galaxies at z ~ 4.5, with some of the most spatially resolved observations in [CII] using ALMA. Our findings indicate that each of these galaxies features a regularly rotating disc, and their gas velocity dispersions are significantly lower than predicted by current cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. By decomposing the rotation curves into the different mass components, we derive properties of both the dark matter halo and baryons within the inner 3 to 5 kpc. We find dynamical evidence of of a massive and compact stellar component, suggesting the presence of bulges embedded in these early discs. We also study the possible origins of turbulence of the interstellar medium of the galaxies and find that the gas turbulence is compatible with what is expected by the stellar feedback, without the need for other sources of turbulence such as gravitational instabilities.
Laboratory
Creators: name: Basso, Daniela
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Diabetes Mellitus; Genes, Suppressor, Tumor; Oncogenes; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Diagnosis; Tumor Markers, Biological

description: No abstract available.

Image: Blood group related antigens.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
The contiguous United States in eleven zip codes: identifying and mapping socio-economic census data clusters and exemplars using affinity propagation
Creators: name: Heumann, Benjamin W.
name: Liesch, Matthew E.
name: Bogen, Nicholas R.
name: Meier, Ryan A.
name: Graziano, Marcello
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: The United States is a diverse and heterogeneous place. Accurately organizing and mapping the U.S. into different regions based on characteristics such as wealth, race, education, language, and occupation is a complicated and arduous task. This paper demonstrates the application of affinity propagation to map socio-economic patterns and identify representative exemplars. Affinity propagation clusters data based on representative exemplars and considers all data points as potential cluster exemplars. We use socio-economic data from the United States census to cluster zip codes tabulation areas and identify representative locations of socio-economic diversity of the United States. The 11 socio-economic clusters were mapped individually and together using area-based generalization. Mapping the results illustrated distinct regionalization and historical migration trends within the United States as well as national urban/suburban/rural patterns. Future applications of this technique may be useful for data-driven socio-economic analysis and purposive sampling.
Cytology
Creators: name: Járay, Balazs
name: Székely, Eszter
name: Winternitz, Tamas
name: Tarján, Zsolt
name: Tihanyi, Tibor F
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Aspiration Biopsy; Biopsy, Needle; Cytology; Diagnosis, Differential; Pancreas; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatitis

description: Vo abstract available.

Image: Honeycomb appearance of the ductal cells from a case of chronic pancreatitis.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Scaling laws for slippage on superhydrophobic fractal surfaces
Creators: name: Cottin-Bizonne, C.
name: Barentin, C.
name: Bocquet, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the slippage on hierarchical fractal superhydrophobic surfaces, and find an unexpected rich behavior for hydrodynamic friction on these surfaces. We develop a scaling law approach for the effective slip length, which is validated by numerical resolution of the hydrodynamic equations. Our results demonstrate that slippage does strongly depend on the fractal dimension, and is found to be always smaller on fractal surfaces as compared to surfaces with regular patterns. This shows that in contrast to naive expectations, the value of effective contact angle is not sufficient to infer the amount of slippage on a fractal surface: depending on the underlying geometry of the roughness, strongly superhydrophobic surfaces may in some cases be fully inefficient in terms of drag reduction. Finally, our scaling analysis can be directly extended to the study of heat transfer at fractal surfaces, in order to estimate the Kapitsa surface resistance on patterned surfaces, as well as to the question of trapping of diffusing particles by patchy hierarchical surfaces, in the context of chemoreception.
Policy Gradients for Probabilistic Constrained Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Chen, Weiqin
name: Subramanian, Dharmashankar
name: Paternain, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers the problem of learning safe policies in the context of reinforcement learning (RL). In particular, we consider the notion of probabilistic safety. This is, we aim to design policies that maintain the state of the system in a safe set with high probability. This notion differs from cumulative constraints often considered in the literature. The challenge of working with probabilistic safety is the lack of expressions for their gradients. Indeed, policy optimization algorithms rely on gradients of the objective function and the constraints. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first one providing such explicit gradient expressions for probabilistic constraints. It is worth noting that the gradient of this family of constraints can be applied to various policy-based algorithms. We demonstrate empirically that it is possible to handle probabilistic constraints in a continuous navigation problem.
Laparoscopy
Creators: name: Belàgyi, Tibor
name: Oláh, Attila
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Diagnosis; Histology; Laparoscopy; Neoplasm Staging; Palliative Care

description: No abstract avilable.

Image: Petz Aladár Teaching County Hospital. Gyõr, Hungary.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Background subtraction with a pan/tilt camera
Creators: name: Tsinko, Egor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Background subtraction is a common approach in computer vision to detect moving objects in video sequences taken with a static camera. Some background subtraction algorithms have been extended to support a pan/tilt camera but they are required to provide a background mosaic for motion estimation purposes. This thesis describes a system that avoids this requirement by separating the motion estimation system and background subtraction system into two separate modules. The ﬁrst module performs motion compensation by employing a feature based image registration method and the RANSAC algorithm. The second module detects moving objects in rectiﬁed image frames using a background subtraction algorithm designed for a static camera. Three background subtraction algorithms were extended in the course of this project: mixture of Gaussians, non-parametric kernel density estimation and codebook. This thesis demonstrates the usefulness of separating of motion estimation from the background subtraction system as it allows us to extend any background subtraction algorithm designed for a static camera to support a pan/tilt camera. The detection results are presented for both indoor and outdoor video sequences taken with a pan/tilt camera.
A Golub-Welsch version for simultaneous Gaussian quadrature
Creators: name: Van Assche, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: primary 41A55, 65D32, secondary 15A18, 33C45, 41A21, 42C05

description: The zeros of type II multiple orthogonal polynomials can be used for quadrature formulas that approximate $r$ integrals of the same function $f$ with respect to $r$ measures $μ_1,\ldots,μ_r$ in the spirit of Gaussian quadrature. This was first suggested by Borges in 1994, even though he does not mention multiple orthogonality. We give a method to compute the quadrature nodes and the quadrature weights which extends the Golub-Welsch approach using the eigenvalues and left and right eigenvectors of a banded Hessenberg matrix. This method was already described by Coussement and Van Assche in 2005 but it seems to have gone unnoticed. We describe the result in detail for $r=2$ and give some examples.
description: 21 pages, 4 tables
Surgery
Creators: name: Oláh, Attila
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Diagnosis, Differential; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreatic Cyst; Pancreatic Pseudocyst; Histology; Biopsy, Needle

description: No abstract available.

Image: Petz Aladár Teaching Hospital. Gyor, Hungary.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Conservative Treatment
Creators: name: Uomo, Generoso
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Drug Therapy; Endoscopy (treatment); Investigative Techniques; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Therapeutics

description: No abstract available.

Image: Acute pancreatitis treatment.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Surgical Treatment
Creators: name: Farkas, Gyula
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Candida; Glutamine; Infectious Pancreatic Necrosis Virus; Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing; Pentoxifylline

description: No abstract available.

Image: University of Szeged Medical School. Szeged, Hungary.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
$^{18}$F-PSMA-1007 salivary gland dosimetry: Comparison between different methods for dose calculation and assessment of inter- and intra-patient variability
Creators: name: Pistone, Daniele
name: Gnesin, Silvano
name: Auditore, Lucrezia
name: Italiano, Antonio
name: Cascini, Giuseppe Lucio
name: Amato, Ernesto
name: Cicone, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dosimetry of salivary glands (SGs) is usually implemented using simplified calculation approaches and approximated geometries. Our aims were to compare different dosimetry methods to calculate SGs absorbed doses (ADs) following 18F-PSMA-1007 injection, and to assess the AD variation across patients and single SG components. Five patients with prostate cancer recurrence underwent PET/CT acquisitions of the head and neck, 0.5, 2 and 4 hours after 18F-PSMA-1007 injection. Parotid and submandibular glands were segmented on CT to derive SGs volumes and masses, while PETs were used to derive Time-Integrated Activity Coefficients. Average ADs to single SG components or total SG (tSG) were calculated with the following methods: i) direct Monte Carlo (MC) simulation with GATE/GEANT4; ii) spherical model (SM) of OLINDA/EXM 2.1, adopting either patient-specific or standard ICRP89 organ masses (SMstd); iii) ellipsoidal model (EM); iv) MIRD approach with organ S-factors from OLINDA/EXM 2.1 and OpenDose collaboration, with or without contribution from cross irradiation originating outside the SGs. The maximum percent AD difference across SG components (δmax) and across patients (Δmax) were calculated. Compared to MC, ADs to single SG components were significantly underestimated by all methods (average relative differences between -14.5% and -30.4%). Using MC, SM and EM, δmax were never below 25% (up to 113%). δmax up to 702% were obtained with SMstd. Concerning tSG, results within 10% of the MC were obtained only if cross irradiation from the remainder of the body or from the remainder of the head was accounted for. The Δmax ranged between 58% and 78% across patients. Specific masses of single SG components should always be considered given their large intra- and inter- patient variability.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures, sumbitted to "Physics in Medicine & Biology"
Residential care in California
Creators: name: Frochen, Stephen
name: Rodnyansky, Seva
name: Ailshire, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We examine the distribution of residential care in California, showing geographical disparities in care supply and need. We mapped the ratio of beds to older women in Los Angeles and San Diego County census tracts and concentrations of small and large facilities in the Cities of Los Angeles and San Diego. The largest ratios of residential care beds per older women occur on the border of the City of San Diego and on the periphery of Los Angeles County away from the City of Los Angeles. Clusters of small facilities take place in northern Los Angeles and southeastern San Diego, while clusters of large facilities occur in Downtown Los Angeles and near La Jolla. Understanding geographical disparities in residential care supply and need in California can help residential care developers, service providers, and local and state agencies partner in planning for residential care facility development in underserved areas.
Conservative Treatment
Creators: name: Pap, Ákos
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Celiac Plexus; Clinical Protocols; Endoscopy, Digestive System; Recovery of Function; Lithotripsy; Nutrition Disorders; Pain; Pancreatic Disease; Pancreatic Extracts; Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic

description: No abstract available.

Image: Lipase-trypsin ratio.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Application of batch learning for boosting high-throughput ab initio success rates and reducing computational effort required using data-driven processes
Creators: name: Hilgers, Robin
name: Wortmann, Daniel
name: Blügel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Forschungzentrum Jülich
Year: 2023

description: arXiv (2023).
description: The increased availability of computing time, in recent years, allows for systematic high-throughput studies of material classes with the purpose of both screening for materials with remarkable properties and understanding how structural configuration and material composition affect macroscopic attributes manifestation. However, when conducting systematic high-throughput studies, the individual ab initio calculations' success depends on the quality of the chosen input quantities. On a large scale, improving input parameters by trial and error is neither efficient nor systematic. We present a systematic, high-throughput compatible, and machine learning-based approach to improve the input parameters optimized during a DFT computation or workflow. This approach of integrating machine learning into a typical high-throughput workflow demonstrates the advantages and necessary considerations for a systematic study of magnetic multilayers of 3d transition metal layers on FCC noble metal substrates. For 6660 film systems, we were able to improve the overall success rate of our high-throughput FLAPW-based structural relaxations from 64.8% to 94.3 % while at the same time requiring 17 % less computational time for each successful relaxation.
description: Published by arXiv
A Stringy Mechanism for A Small Cosmological Constant
Creators: name: Sumitomo, Yoske
name: Tye, S. -H. Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the probability distributions of products of random variables, we propose a simple stringy mechanism that prefers the meta-stable vacua with a small cosmological constant. We state some relevant properties of the probability distributions of functions of random variables. We then illustrate the mechanism within the flux compactification models in Type IIB string theory. As a result of the stringy dynamics, we argue that the generic probability distribution for the meta-stable vacua typically peaks with a divergent behavior at the zero value of the cosmological constant. However, its suppression in the single modulus model studied here is modest.
description: 36 pages, 8 figures
A Python Library for the Colectica Portal API
Creators: name: Li, Jenny
name: Johnson, Jon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Metadata
DDI-Lifecycle
Python
API

description: Colectica Portal is widely used to disseminate DDI-LIfecycle metadata. It acts as a website which sits on top of Colectica Repository and provides access to item level metadata through display as web pages and as downloads in a number of formats.
The API is documented in the swagger documentation that is supplied with Colectica Portal, but for those unfamiliar with either API programming or DDI-Lifecycle, using the API can be a significant barrier.
The colectica-api wrapper allows a user with little experience of using APIs or DDI-Lifecycle a straight-forward entry point to those with python programming experience to access and discovery DDI-LIfecycle metadata. The colectica-api wrapper is open sourced and available as a pip install package for ease of use, and provides example code to get a python developer up and running. The wrapper takes advantage of the introduction of JSON format in the recent versions of Colectica which is preferred over the previous XML format.
Surgical Treatment
Creators: name: Falconi, Massimo
name: Casetti, Luca
name: Salvia, Roberto
name: Sartori, Nora
name: Bettini, Rossella
name: Mascetta, Giuseppe
name: Bassi, Claudio
name: Pederzoli, Paolo
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreaticojejunostomy; Pancreatitis; Surgery

description: No abstract available.

Image: G.B. Hospital. Verona, Italy
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras and quantum states
Creators: name: Falceto, F.
name: Ferro, L.
name: Ibort, A.
name: Marmo, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 17C65, 46L70, 81P16

description: A theory of reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras with respect to either a Jordan ideal or a Lie-Jordan subalgebra is presented. This theory is compared with the standard reduction of C*-algebras of observables of a quantum system in the presence of quantum constraints. It is shown that the later corresponds to the particular instance of the reduction of Lie-Jordan Banach algebras with respect to a Lie-Jordan subalgebra as described in this paper. The space of states of the reduced Lie-Jordan Banach algebras is described in terms of equivalence classes of extensions to the full algebra and their GNS representations are characterized in the same way. A few simple examples are discussed that illustrates some of the main results.
A quantum cosmology approach to cosmic coincidence and inflation
Creators: name: Jalalzadeh, S.
name: Mohammadi, A.
name: Demir, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work studies the quantum cosmology of a closed, spatially homogeneous, and isotropic FLRW minisuperspace model with electromagnetic radiation as a matter content. We solve the associated Wheeler-DeWitt (WDW) equation using the holographic regularization method and show that the electromagnetic zero-point energy forms the vacuum energy and provides a unified resolution to the horizon, flatness, singularity, and cosmic coincidence problems. This quantum cosmology approach composes an alternative to the usual inflationary paradigm and can be extended to more general matter contents and emergent gravity schemes.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Physics of the Dark Univers
Conservative Treatment
Creators: name: Rabitti, Pier Giorgio
name: Germano, Domenico
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Drug Therapy; Follow-Up Studies; Neoplasm Staging; Palliative Care; Pancreas Neoplasms

description: No abstract available.

Image:  Cardarelli Hospital. Naples, Italy.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
Taking control: hijacking of endothelial-integrin signaling networks by pathogens
Creators: name: Nader, Danielle
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320211
subject: Infectious diseases
classificationCode: 320103
subject: Respiratory diseases

description: Sepsis causes nearly 11 million deaths annually, and is recognized as a leading cause of mortality worldwide. The current pandemic era has coincided with the post-antimicrobial era, which has vastly exhausted treatment strategies. The dearth within the pharmaceutical pipeline forebodes an ominous future ahead for those most at risk of infection. These factors have prompted united global efforts to investigate novel therapeutics to mitigate sepsis. The vascular endothelium plays a key role in maintaining basal permeability and stabilising barrier integrity. Endothelial dysfunction is a critical hallmark of sepsis, and failure to maintain a protective barrier is associated with increased disease severity and poor prognosis. Successful establishment of infection requires microbial adherence to the endothelium, and blocking this initial stage is the most essential step in sepsis prevention. The mechanisms by which bacteria interact with the endothelium have been extensively studied, yet the pathways that drive fungal and viral adherence to the vasculature are only partially described. The general aims of this thesis were to explicate the molecular interactions between the endothelium and the leading cause of fungal sepsis, Candida albicans, and also the clinically relevant SARS-CoV-2. We also sought to further elucidate the signalling cascade that occurs following microbial adherence to endothelial integrins, and how the xploitation of host pathways contributes to the dysregulation observed in sepsis. The expression of the canonical ACE2 receptor for SARS-CoV-2 does not match its tissue tropism, as ACE2-negative cells are still susceptible to infection. We identified that the endothelial integrin αVβ3 acts as a novel SARS-CoV-2 receptor due to the spike protein’s Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) motif. Viral adherence caused internalization of adherens junction protein VE-Cadherin, which resulted in vascular hyperpermeability. The integrin antagonist cilengitide blocked viral attachment and prevented barrier breakdown. This could be an effective strategy to inhibit SARS-CoV-2 dissemination and prevent the onset of sepsis, which occurred in 100 % of non-survivors. Unlike SARS-CoV-2, C. albicans uses an indirect method to bind αVβ3 by crosslinking the RGD-containing extracellular matrix protein fibrinogen. This triggers VE-Cadherin phosphorylation, internalisation, and barrier breakdown. Again, cilengitide successfully inhibited fungal adherence and stabilised the vasculature. Altogether, our work has identified that integrins are a common target for bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens, and cilengitide may prove to be a valuable addition to the pharmaceutical pipeline.
Translating sociocultural transformations into historical maps on land use changes: the case of Lafkenmapu (Araucanía, Chile)
Creators: name: Peña-Cortés, Fernando
name: Escalona, Miguel
name: Soria-Lara, Julio A.
name: Pincheira-Ulbrich, Jimmy
name: Salinas-Silva, Camila
name: Alarcón, Freddy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: While it is widely known that socio-cultural transformations have a spatial impact on geographical areas, limited attention has been paid to mapping such transformations. This paper aims to explore how historical maps of land-use changes can be excellent tools for this purpose. The Lafkenmapu area in Chile, which has undergone critical socio-cultural transformations over the last five centuries, served as a case study. A total of five historical periods were described and translated into land-use change maps (pre-Hispanic; colonial; post-colonial; state consolidation; present). Non-cartographic (e.g. historical chronicles and publications) and cartographic sources (historical maps, aerial photography and satellite images) were integrated for each period to create a timeline map. Finally, some concluding remarks discuss the added value of the maps as a tool for a better understanding of the impact of socio-cultural transformations on land use and population distribution.
Kinetically Decoupled Electrical and Structural Phase Transitions in VO2
Creators: name: Sahu, S. R.
name: Majid, S. S.
name: Ahad, A.
name: Tripathy, A.
name: Dey, K.
name: Pal, S.
name: De, B. K.
name: Hsieh, Wen-Pin
name: Rawat, R.
name: Sathe, V. G.
name: Shukla, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vanadium dioxide (VO2) has drawn significant attention for its near room temperature insulator to metal transition and associated structural phase transition. The underlying Physics behind the temperature induced insulator to metal and concomitant structural phase transition in VO2 is yet to be fully understood. We have investigated the kinetics of the above phase transition behaviors of VO2 with the help of resistivity measurements and Raman spectroscopy. Resistance thermal hysteresis scaling and relaxation measurements across the temperature induced insulator to metal transition reveal the unusual behaviour of this first-order phase transition, whereas Raman relaxation measurements show that the temperature induced structural phase transition in VO2 follows usual behaviour and is consistent with mean field prediction. At higher temperature sweeping rates decoupling of insulator to metal transition and structural phase transition have been confirmed. The observed anomalous first order phase transition behavior in VO2 is attributed to the unconventional quasi particle dynamics, i.e. significantly lowered electronic thermal conductivity across insulator to metal transition, which is confirmed by ultrafast optical pump-probe time domain thermoreflectance measurements.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures
Analogous adaptations in speed, impulse and endpoint stiffness when learning a real and virtual insertion task with haptic feedback
Creators: name: Takagi, Atsushi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical engineering

description: Humans have the ability to use a diverse range of handheld tools. Owing to its versatility, a virtual environment with haptic feedback of the force is ideally suited to investigating motor learning during tool use. However, few simulators exist to recreate the dynamic interactions during real tool use, and no study has compared the correlates of motor learning between a real and virtual tooling task. To this end, we compared two groups of participants who either learned to insert a real or virtual tool into a fixture. The trial duration, the movement speed, the force impulse after insertion and the endpoint stiffness magnitude decreased as a function of trials, but they changed at comparable rates in both environments. A ballistic insertion strategy observed in both environments suggests some interdependence when controlling motion and controlling interaction, contradicting a prominent theory of these two control modalities being independent of one another. Our results suggest that the brain learns real and virtual insertion in a comparable manner, thereby supporting the use of a virtual tooling task with haptic feedback to investigate motor learning during tool use.
Surgical Treatment
Creators: name: Tihanyi, Tibor F
name: Pulay, István
name: Winternitz, Tamás
name: Flautner, Lajos
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 1970
Subjects: Digestive System Surgical Procedures; Lymph Node Excision; Neoplasm Staging; Pancreatectomy; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Pancreaticoduodenectomy; Pancreaticojejunostomy; Prognosis; Survival

description: Pancreatic carcinoma is a devastating disease. Untreated 5-year survival is 0%. The only possibility of being cured is given by surgical removal of the tumor. Pancreatoduodenectomy previously involved high morbidity and mortality rates until it was postulated that palliation gave better results. Today, morbidity and mortality rates have been decreased to an acceptable level, mortality rates in specialized centers being under 5%. Prognostic factors determining survival were found to be the size of the tumor, grade, lymph node involvement and stage. In order to be able to compare results of the different centers, standardization of the surgical technique is mandatory. It is unanimously accepted that in order to improve survival in pancreatic carcinoma, the radicality of the surgical procedure should be increased to include lymphadenectomy. Postoperative adjuvant therapy could also be a determinant factor. Prospective randomized clinical trials will give an answer to these still unanswered questions.

Image: Semmelweis University logo. Budapest, Hungary.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 1, N° 3S (2000): September (Suppl.) - p. 69-177
MetaDocencia y el enfoque comunitario hacia la ciencia y la educación abiertas
Creators: name: Palopoli, Nicolás
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ciencia abierta
Educación abierta
Open education
Open science

description: Presentación compartida en la charla "MetaDocencia y el enfoque comunitario hacia la ciencia y la educación abiertas" en la Knowledge Exchange Meeting 2023 organizada por CABANAnet.
Design of a tabletop interferometer with quantum amplification
Creators: name: Smetana, Jiri
name: Dmitriev, Artemiy
name: Zhao, Chunnong
name: Miao, Haixing
name: Martynov, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sensitivity of laser interferometers is fundamentally limited by the quantum nature of light. Recent theoretical studies have opened a new avenue to enhance their quantum-limited sensitivity by using active parity-time-symmetric and phase-insensitive quantum amplification. These systems can enhance the signal response without introducing excess noise in the ideal case. However, such active systems must be causal, stable, and carefully tuned to be practical and applicable to precision measurements. In this paper, we show that phase-insensitive amplification in laser interferometers can be implemented in a tabletop experiment. The layout consists of two coupled cavities and an active medium comprised of a silicon nitride membrane and an auxiliary pump field. Our design relies on existing membrane and cryogenic technology and can demonstrate three distinct features: (i) the self-stabilized dynamics of the optical system, (ii) quantum enhancement of its sensitivity in the presence of the amplifier, and (iii) optical control of the amplifier gain. These features are needed to enhance the sensitivity of future interferometric gravitational-wave and axion detectors.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Interventional EUS for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Locally Advanced Pancreatic Cancer
Creators: name: Al-Haddad, Mohammad
name: Eloubeidi, Mohamad A
Publisher: name: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas
Year: 2016
Subjects: Endosonography; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Ultrasonography, Interventional

description: Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) evolved as the diagnostic test of choice evaluating suspected pancreatic tumors. Coupled with fine needle aspiration (FNA), EUS provides high accuracy for the diagnosis and staging of pancreatic cancer. Novel EUS based techniques have emerged as a safe minimally invasive alternative to the surgical or radiological approaches. By allowing better pain control, delivering antitumor therapies or draining obstructed bile ducts, such techniques hold a big promise to improve the quality of life of patients with unresectable pancreatic cancer. In this review, we will discuss the role EUS-FNA plays in the diagnosis, staging and treatment of patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.

Image: EUS-guided fiducial placement in a patient with locally advanced pancreatic cancer.
description: JOP. Journal of the Pancreas, Vol 11, N° 1 (2010): January - P. 1-94
Site selection for Croatian low and intermediate level radioactive waste repository
Creators: name: Perković, Dario
name: Želimir Veinović
name: Leopold, Roman
name: Rapić, Andrea
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Radioactive waste disposal and management presents a unique problem at the Krško nuclear power plant as it is built and co-owned by the Republic of Croatia and the Republic of Slovenia. Each country is responsible for the management of half of the low- and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LILW) and spent nuclear fuel (SNF). So far, Slovenia has officially selected the site for LILW disposal and the Croatian programme has a single location left (since 1999), not officially approved as acceptable. This paper contains a new approach to site selection related to the implementation of GIS technology and presents a map of potential areas for LILW disposal including only the remaining Croatian location. It was constructed based on eleven layers that include natural characteristics and anthropogenic pressures. For the construction of the main map, detailed topological checks and spatial analysis of polygons have been made, reducing potential areas to be further evaluated.
The Green Bank Telescope HII Region Discovery Survey: III. Kinematic Distances
Creators: name: Anderson, L. D.
name: Bania, T. M.
name: Balser, Dana S.
name: Rood, Robert T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the HI Emission/Absorption method, we resolve the kinematic distance ambiguity and derive distances for 149 of 182 (82%) HII regions discovered by the Green Bank Telescope HII Region Discovery Survey (GBT HRDS). The HRDS is an X-band (9GHz, 3cm) GBT survey of 448 previously unknown HII regions in radio recombination line and radio continuum emission. Here we focus on HRDS sources from 67deg. > l > 18deg., where kinematic distances are more reliable. The 25 HRDS sources in this zone that have negative recombination line velocities are unambiguously beyond the orbit of the Sun, up to 20kpc distant. They are the most distant HII regions yet discovered. We find that 61% of HRDS sources are located at the far distance, 31% at the tangent point distance, and only 7% at the near distance. "Bubble" HII regions are not preferentially at the near distance (as was assumed previously) but average 10kpc from the Sun. The HRDS nebulae, when combined with a large sample of HII regions with previously known distances, show evidence of spiral structure in two circular arc segments of mean Galactocentric radii of 4.25 and 6.0kpc. We perform a thorough uncertainty analysis to analyze the effect of using different rotation curves, streaming motions, and a change to the Solar circular rotation speed. The median distance uncertainty for our sample of HII regions is only 0.5kpc, or 5%. This is significantly less than the median difference between the near and far kinematic distances, 6kpc. The basic Galactic structure results are unchanged after considering these sources of uncertainty.
description: Accepted to ApJ. See http://www.cv.nrao.edu/hrds/ for data
Mapping topo-ambivalent places for the purposes of strategic planning of urban space. The case of Šternberk, the Czech Republic
Creators: name: Brisudová, Lucia
name: Šimáček, Petr
name: Šerý, Miloslav
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: A comprehensive understanding of the assessment of an urban space by its residents is viewed as one of the most in demand approaches within the endogenous strategies of urban space planning. As a rule, this process only leads to the identification of topophilic or topophobic places. What is lacking is the identification and interpretation of places that may contain both topophobic and topophilic meanings. Thus, the main objective of this paper is to explore, analyse, and compare ambivalently perceived places within an urban environment. Methodologically, the paper stems from the perception of space. More specifically, the phenomenon of mental maps is elaborated on. The analysis proves the ambivalent perception of selected places in the town under study (Šternberk, the Czech Republic), which points, to the complexity of human perception that characterises each community. Two synthetic maps based on four follow-up methodical procedures are provided, accompanied by two analytical maps.
Observational Signatures: Shadow cast by the effective metric of photons for black holes with rational non-linear electrodynamics
Creators: name: Uniyal, Akhil
name: Chakrabarti, Sayan
name: Fathi, Mohsen
name: Övgün, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study explores spherically symmetric non-linear electrodynamics black holes and their effects on light propagation. We derive the governing metric, revealing radial coordinate dynamics within the event horizon. We analyze photon trajectories, finding that increasing magnetic charge expands the horizon and emission range. Furthermore, with the help of the Event Horizon Telescope results, we constrain parameters and emission profiles. Direct emission dominates, while lensing rings play a lesser role. Comparing with Schwarzschild black holes, we observe higher intensity but a wider emission region in non-linear electrodynamics black holes. This work enhances our understanding of modified spacetimes and their impact on black hole properties.
description: 19 pages, 45 figures
A second-order phase transition in CDT
Creators: name: Ambjorn, J.
name: Jordan, S.
name: Jurkiewicz, J.
name: Loll, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Causal Dynamical Triangulations (CDT) are a concrete attempt to define a nonperturbative path integral for quantum gravity. We present strong evidence that the lattice theory has a second-order phase transition line, which can potentially be used to define a continuum limit in the conventional sense of nongravitational lattice theories.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Analysis of atomic magnetometry using metasurface optics for balanced polarimetry
Creators: name: Yang, Xuting
name: Benelajla, Meryem
name: Choy, Jennifer T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic magnetometry is one of the most sensitive field-measurement techniques for biological, geo-surveying, and navigation applications. An essential process in atomic magnetometry is measurement of optical polarization rotation of a near-resonant beam due to its interaction with atomic spins under an external magnetic field. In this work, we present the design and analysis of a silicon-metasurface-based polarization beam splitter that have been tailored for operation in a rubidium magnetometer. The metasurface polarization beam splitter operates at a wavelength of 795 nm and has a transmission efficiency > 83% and a polarization extinction ratio > 20 dB. We show that these performance specifications are compatible with magnetometer operation in miniaturized vapor cells with subpicotesla-level sensitivity and discuss the prospect of realizing compact, high-sensitivity atomic magnetometers with nanophotonic component integration.
Automatic detection and tracking in underwater environments with marine snow
Creators: name: Gamroth, Catherine A
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This project addresses the issue of automatic detection and tracking of man-made objects in subsea environments with poor visibility and marine snow. Underwater research and engineering is a quickly growing field and there are few computer vision techniques that specifically address these challenges. The proposed system involves minimizing noise and video artifacts, estimating camera motion, detecting line segments and tracking targets. Overall, the system performs well under the conditions in the test video and the equal error rate is approximately 16%. Tests show how parameters may be tuned to account for changes in environmental conditions and to trade off the number of false negatives and false positives. System performance is affected by many factors. Poorest performance occurs under conditions of heavy marine show, low-contrast targets, and fast camera motion. Performance also suffers if the background conditions in the image change. This research makes two contributions. First, we provide a survey of techniques that address similar problems and evaluate their suitability for this application, Second, we integrate existing techniques into a larger system. Techniques include median filtering, Canny edge detection, Hough transforms, Lucas-Kanade first-order optical flow and particle filtering. Where gaps exist between system components, new methods are developed. Testing evaluates the effects of system parameters and the conditions under which the system is effective.
OurMED D8.1 Communication and Dissemination Plan. Version 1.0
Creators: name: Oueslati, Maroua
name: Gaziello, Luna
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Communication and Dissemination Plan
CDP
Mediterranean
Communication Strategy

description: The Communication and Dissemination Plan is the deliverable number D8.1 of the "Sustainable Water Storage and Distribution in The Mediterranean" (OurMED) project, which operates under Grant Agreement Number 2222.
This document outlines the Communication and Dissemination Plan for the OurMED project, detailing target stakeholders, communication channels, strategy, timeline, Key Performance Indicators (KPIs), and internal communication rules. This is the first version of the Communication and Dissemination Plan and there will be, at least, one more deliverable version in Month 24. 
description: This project is part of the PRIMA Programme supported by the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under Grant Agreement No 2222.
Light-induced switch based on edge modes in irradiated thin topological insulators
Creators: name: Askarpour, Zahra
name: Cheraghchi, Hosein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transport properties through nano-ribbons of thin topological insulators irradiated by high frequency light with circular polarization. By using high frequency regime, a coherent and quantized transport through the nano-ribbon is guaranteed and then Lanadauer formalism is applicable. It is demonstrated that the pseudo-spin edge modes inside the band gap can host transmission through this nano-junction which their localization on the top and bottom edges depend strongly on the light polarization. These edge modes persist even if we apply a source-drain bias. Based on this edge selectivity for the current, one can design a light-induced switch with an appropriate on/off ratio of the current which is composed of two scattering regions with opposite light polarization. The local current on each bond shows how the current is passing through the edges and jumps into the opposite edge. Furthermore, some other nano-junctions are proposed as electronic switches which are designed based on the mass term engineering of the scattering region by means of perpendicular magnetization induced by magnetic doping and also structure inversion asymmetry applied on the scattering region.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures