Archaeological Data Recovery at a Portion of AZ AA:12:674(ASM), an Early Classic Period Site in Marana, Pima County, Arizona
Creators: name: Levstik, Jennifer M.
name: Whittlesey, Stephanie M.
Publisher: name: SWCA, Inc. Environmental Consultants
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Arizona (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/335/arizona-state-territory
subject: Marana, AZ
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/80031/marana-az
subject: Arizona Upland Division
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/83860/arizona-upland-division
subject: Sonoran Desert
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2772/sonoran-desert
subject: Tucson Basin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/2758/tucson-basin
subject: Pima (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/7353/pima-county
subject: Classic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/125/classic-period
subject: Sedentary Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5504/sedentary-period
subject: Vahki Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/6226/vahki-phase
subject: Preclassic Period
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5604/preclassic-period
subject: Tanque Verde Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/6021/tanque-verde-phase
subject: Gila Phase
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5625/gila-phase
subject: Mogollon
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/34/mogollon
subject: Hohokam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/21/hohokam
subject: Huhugam
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/8166/huhugam
subject: AZ AA:12:674 (ASM)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/101163/az-aa12674-asm
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Cremation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/880/cremation
subject: Archaeological Feature
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/339/archaeological-feature
subject: Pit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/355/pit
subject: Roasting Pit / Oven / Horno
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/357/roasting-pit-oven-horno
subject: Midden
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/347/midden
subject: Rhyolite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/248/rhyolite
subject: Redware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/444/redware
subject: Chopper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/128/chopper
subject: Ceramic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/1/ceramic
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Mano
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/131/mano
subject: Fauna
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/4/fauna
subject: Red-on-Buff
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2629/red-on-buff
subject: Ground Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/7/ground-stone
subject: Brownware
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/457/brownware
subject: Core
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2121/core
subject: Macrobotanical
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/10/macrobotanical
subject: Red-on-Brown
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2635/red-on-brown
subject: Pollen
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/13/pollen
subject: Handstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2637/handstone
subject: Shell
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/14/shell
subject: polishing stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2574/polishing-stone
subject: Projectile points
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/81/projectile-points
subject: Black-on-Brown
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2769/black-on-brown
subject: Andestie
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2770/andestie
subject: Basalt
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/214/basalt
subject: Quartzite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/217/quartzite
subject: Netherstone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2651/netherstone
subject: Scraper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/93/scraper
subject: metate
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/167/metate
subject: Archaeological Overview
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/1/archaeological-overview
subject: Historic Background Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/18/historic-background-research
subject: Data Recovery / Excavation
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/5/data-recovery-excavation
subject: Records Search / Inventory Checking
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/8/records-search-inventory-checking
subject: Research Design / Data Recovery Plan
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/9/research-design-data-recovery-plan

description: SWCA Environmental Consultants (SWCA) conducted archaeological testing (as Phase I data recovery) and Phase II data recovery at a small portion of a prehistoric site, AZ AA:12:674 (ASM), located in Marana, Pima County, Arizona. Archaeological data recovery was mandated under the Town of Marana’s ordinances protecting heritage resources. This report provides the methods and results of Phase I and II data recovery, the analysis of recovered materials, and our interpretations. Prior to fieldwork, SWCA developed two historic properties treatment plans for the Town of Marana to enable our client to comply with the regulatory requirements involved in the project. The revised historic properties treatment plan (Ezzo 2008) provided a research design that focused on two themes—site chronology and site function— and outlined field and laboratory procedures, report protocols, and acceptable levels of efforts for Phase I and II data recovery. Phase I data recovery took place from January 11-22, 2008, and was summarized in a letter report (Euler 2008). Nine features were identified during this work: two pit structures, two possible pit structures, a feature identified as a pit structure or a midden, one roasting pit, and three extramural pits. Phase II data recovery was undertaken from February 28 through March 25, 2008. Investigations were conducted at two study areas, labeled Loci A and B. Twenty-seven cultural features were identified during Phase II, of which six proved to be natural in origin. We excavated completely or sampled 19 features; eight were not excavated. In the end, SWCA identified 21 cultural features: nine pits, three ash pits, five roasting pits, one pit structure, one probable activity surface, one midden deposit, and one cremation. This report consists of nine chapters. Following this introduction, Chapter 2 presents field methods and results, including feature descriptions, for Phases I and II. Analyses of various material types recovered during Phase II data recovery are presented in Chapters 3 (ceramics), 4 (flaked stone and ground stone artifacts), 5 (faunal remains), 6 (shell artifacts), and 7 (pollen and macrobotanical). Chapter 8 provides the chronometric data and other pertinent chronological information. Chapter 9 synthesizes the results and presents an interpretation of the site in light of Tucson Basin prehistory and the historic contexts developed in the research design.