cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A modular extension for a computer algebra system
Creators: name: Gevorkyan, Migran N.
name: Korolkova, Anna V.
name: Kulyabov, Dmitry S.
name: Sevastianov, Leonid A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Software (cs.MS)
subject: Symbolic Computation (cs.SC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer algebra systems are complex software systems that cover a wide range of scientific and practical problems. However, the absolute coverage cannot be achieved. Often, it is required to create a user extension for an existing computer algebra system. In this case, the extensibility of the system should be taken into account. In this paper, we consider a technology for extending the SymPy computer algebra system with a low-level module that implements a random number generator.
description: in English; in Russian
Additional file 3 of Conservation of intron and intein insertion sites: implications for life histories of parasitic genetic elements
Creators: name: Swithers, Kristen S
name: Alireza G Senejani
name: Fournier, Gregory P
name: J Peter Gogarten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3: Accession numbers for sequences used in protein alignment. Lists of accession numbers for each protein used for each conservation profile. (DOC 212 KB)
The Effect of Traditional Practices in the Efficiency of Dairy Farms in Wisconsin
Creators: name: Cabrera, Victor E.
name: Solis, Daniel
name: Del Corral, Julio
name: Cabrera, Victor E.
name: Solis, Daniel
name: Del Corral, Julio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Technical inefficiency
subject: stochastic production frontier
subject: intensification

description: The US dairy sector is facing structural changes including a geographical shift in dairy production and a tendency towards the implementation of more intensive production systems. These changes might significantly affect farm efficiency, profitability and the long-term economic sustainability of the dairy sector, especially in more traditional dairy production areas. Consequently, the goal of this study was to examine the impact of practices commonly used by dairy farmers and the effect of intensification on the performance of the farms. We used a sample of 273 Wisconsin dairy farms to estimate a stochastic production frontier simultaneously with a technical inefficiency model. The empirical analysis showed that at a commercial level the administration of bovine somatotropin hormone to lactating cows increases milk production. In addition, we found that production exhibits constant returns to scale and that farm efficiency is positively related to farm intensification, the level of contribution of family labor in the farm activities, the use of a total mixed ration (TMR) feeding system and the milking frequency.
Near-conformal dynamics in a chirally broken system
Creators: name: Appelquist, Thomas
name: Brower, Richard C.
name: Cushman, Kimmy K.
name: Fleming, George T.
name: Gasbarro, Andrew D.
name: Hasenfratz, Anna
name: Jin, Xiao-Yong
name: Neil, Ethan T.
name: Osborn, James C.
name: Rebbi, Claudio
name: Rinaldi, Enrico
name: Schaich, David
name: Vranas, Pavlos
name: Witzel, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Composite Higgs models must exhibit very different dynamics from quantum chromodynamics (QCD) regardless whether they describe the Higgs boson as a dilatonlike state or a pseudo-Nambu-Goldstone boson. Large separation of scales and large anomalous dimensions are frequently desired by phenomenological models. Mass-split systems are well-suited for composite Higgs models because they are governed by a conformal fixed point in the ultraviolet but are chirally broken in the infrared. In this work we use lattice field theory calculations with domain wall fermions to investigate a system with four light and six heavy flavors. We demonstrate how a nearby conformal fixed point affects the properties of the four light flavors that exhibit chiral symmetry breaking in the infrared. Specifically we describe hyperscaling of dimensionful physical quantities and determine the corresponding anomalous mass dimension. We obtain $y_m=1+γ^*= 1.47(5)$ suggesting that $N_f=10$ lies inside the conformal window. Comparing the low energy spectrum to predictions of dilaton chiral perturbation theory, we observe excellent agreement which supports the expectation that the 4+6 mass-split system exhibits near-conformal dynamics with a relatively light $0^{++}$ isosinglet scalar.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, v2 version published in Phys. Rev. D
On cobweb posets and their combinatorially admissible sequences
Creators: name: Kwasniewski, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05C20, 11C08, 17B56

description: The main purpose of this article is to pose three problems which are easy to be formulated in an elementary way. These problems which are specifically important also for the new class of partially ordered sets seem to be not yet solved.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, affiliated to The Internet Gian Carlo Rota Polish Seminar: 16 pages, 9 figures, affiliated to The Internet Gian Carlo Rota Polish Seminar http://ii.uwb.edu.pl/akk/sem/sem_rota.htm
Necessary and sufficient conditions for time reversal symmetry in presence of magnetic fields
Creators: name: Carbone, Davide
name: Rondoni, Lamberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time reversal invariance (TRI) of particles systems has many consequences, among~which the celebrated Onsager reciprocal relations, a milestone in Statistical Mechanics dating back to 1931. Because for a long time it was believed that (TRI) dos not hold in presence of a magnetic field, a modification of such relations was proposed by Casimir in 1945. Only in the last decade, the~strict traditional notion of reversibility that led to Casimir's work has been questioned. It was then found that other symmetries can be used, which allow the Onsager reciprocal relations to hold without modification. In this paper we advance this investigation for classical Hamiltonian systems, substantially increasing the number of symmetries that yield TRI in presence of a magnetic field. We~first deduce the most general form of a generalized time reversal operation on the phase space of such a system; secondly, we express sufficient conditions on the magnetic field which ensure TRI. Finally, we examine common examples from statistical mechanics and molecular dynamics. Our main result is that TRI holds in a much wider generality than previously believed, partially explaining why no experimental violation of Onsager relations has so far been reported.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 3 of Applying critical systems thinking to social prescribing: a relational model of stakeholder “buy-in”
Creators: name: Fixsen, Alison
name: Seers, Helen
name: Polley, Marie
name: Robins, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 3. Word frequency cloud core stakeholder interviews: created through NVivo software, this diagram illustrates the frequency with which participants who were core team members used a word or phrase during the semi-structured interview. The word at the “heart” of the cloud is “people,” pointing to the importance placed on the relational element of social prescribing.
A Note on the Integral Formulation of Einstein's Equations Induced on a Braneworld
Creators: name: Dantas, Christine C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the integral formulation (or Green's function approach) of Einstein's equations in the context of braneworlds. The integral formulation has been proposed independently by several authors in the past, based on the assumption that it is possible to give a reinterpretation of the local metric field in curved spacetimes as an integral expression involving sources and boundary conditions. This allows one to separate source-generated and source-free contributions to the metric field. As a consequence, an exact meaning to Mach's Principle can be achieved in the sense that only source-generated (matter fields) contributions to the metric are allowed for; universes which do not obey this condition would be non-Machian. In this paper, we revisit this idea concentrating on a Randall-Sundrum-type model with a non-trivial cosmology on the brane. We argue that the role of the surface term (the source-free contribution) in the braneworld scenario may be quite subtler than in the 4D formulation. This may pose, for instance, an interesting issue to the cosmological constant problem.
description: 10 pages, no figures, accepted for publication in the General Relativity and Gravitation Journal
Single production of excited neutrinos at future e^{+}e^{-}, ep and pp colliders
Creators: name: Cakir, O.
name: Cakir, I. Turk
name: Kirca, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the potential of the linear collider (LC) with sqrt{s}=0.5 TeV, linac-ring type ep collider (LCxLHC) with sqrt{s}=3.74 TeV and the large hadron collider (LHC) with sqrt{s}=14 TeV to search for excited neutrinos through transition magnetic type couplings with gauge bosons. The excited neutrino signal and corresponding backgrounds are studied in detail to obtain accessible mass limits and couplings for these three types of colliders.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables
Maize Market Sheds in Eastern and Southern Africa. Report 1
Creators: name: Govereh, Jones
name: Haggblade, Steven
name: Nielson, Hunter
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Govereh, Jones
name: Haggblade, Steven
name: Nielson, Hunter
name: Tschirley, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Africa
subject: markets
subject: maize

description: Over the next generation, growing trade in food staples appears poised to dwarf that in all other African agricultural markets. Currently, the market value of Africa’s food staples amounts to $50 billion per year, or nearly three-fourths of the value of all agricultural production (Table 1). Given growing urbanization and the highest rates of poverty in the world, Africa’s market demand for food staples will grow dramatically in coming decades. As a result, production of food staples -- for growing urban markets and food-deficit rural areas -- represents probably the largest growth opportunity available to African farmers. Facilitating expansion of these markets will, therefore, be critical for efforts at stimulating agricultural production growth, broad-based income expansion and poverty reduction.
description: A report prepared by Michigan State University for the World Bank under contract No. 7144132, Strengthening Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa through Trade Liberalization and Regional Integration
Optimal portfolios for different anticipating integrals under insider information
Creators: name: Escudero, Carlos
name: Ranilla-Cortina, Sandra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Mathematical Finance (q-fin.MF)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider the non-adapted version of a simple problem of portfolio optimization in a financial market that results from the presence of insider information. We analyze it via anticipating stochastic calculus and compare the results obtained by means of the Russo-Vallois forward, the Ayed-Kuo, and the Hitsuda-Skorokhod integrals. We compute the optimal portfolio for each of these cases with the aim of establishing a comparison between these integrals in order to clarify their potential use in this type of problem. Our results give a partial indication that, while the forward integral yields a portfolio that is financially meaningful, the Ayed-Kuo and the Hitsuda-Skorokhod integrals do not provide an appropriate investment strategy for this problem.
First operation of a liquid Argon TPC embedded in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Badertscher, A.
name: Laffranchi, M.
name: Meregaglia, A.
name: Rubbia, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have operated for the first time a liquid Argon TPC immersed in a magnetic field up to 0.55 T. We show that the imaging properties of the detector are not affected by the presence of the magnetic field. The magnetic bending of the ionizing particle allows to discriminate their charge and estimate their momentum. These figures were up to now not accessible in the non-magnetized liquid Argon TPC.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Strain engineering of ferromagnetic-graphene-ferroelectric nanostructures
Creators: name: Eliseev, Eugene A.
name: Morozovska, Anna N.
name: Strikha, Maksym V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated a spin-polarized conductance in the almost unexplored nanostructure "high temperature ferromagnetic insulator/ graphene/ ferroelectric film" with a special attention to the impact of electric polarization rotation in a strained multiaxial ferroelectric film. The rotation and value of polarization vector are controlled by a misfit strain. We proposed a phenomenological model, which takes into account the shift of the Dirac point due to the proximity of ferromagnetic insulator and uses the Landauer formula for the conductivity of the graphene channel. We derived analytical expressions, which show that the strain-dependent ferroelectric polarization governs the concentration of two-dimensional charge carriers and Fermi level in graphene in a self-consistent way. We demonstrate the realistic opportunity to control the spin-polarized conductance of graphene by a misfit strain ("strain engineering") at room and higher temperatures in the nanostructures CoFeO4/graphene/PZT and Y3Fe5O12/graphene/PZT. Obtained results open the possibilities for the applications of ferromagnetic/graphene/ferroelectric nanostructures as non-volatile spin filters and spin valves.
description: 21 pages, including 5 figures and a supplement at 5 pages with 1 figure
Cluster Density and the IMF
Creators: name: Elmegreen, Bruce G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observed variations in the IMF are reviewed with an emphasis on environmental density. The remote field IMF studied in the LMC by several authors is clearly steeper than most cluster IMFs, which have slopes close to the Salpeter value. Local field regions of star formation, like Taurus, may have relatively steep IMFs too. Very dense and massive clusters, like super star clusters, could have flatter IMFs, or inner-truncated IMFs. We propose that these variations are the result of three distinct processes during star formation that affect the mass function in different ways depending on mass range. At solar to intermediate stellar masses, gas processes involving thermal pressure and supersonic turbulence determine the basic scale for stellar mass, starting with the observed pre-stellar condensations, and they define the mass function from several tenths to several solar masses. Brown dwarfs require extraordinarily high pressures for fragmentation from the gas, and presumably form inside the pre-stellar condensations during mutual collisions, secondary fragmentations, or in disks. High mass stars form in excess of the numbers expected from pure turbulent fragmentation as pre-stellar condensations coalesce and accrete with an enhanced gravitational cross section. Variations in the interaction rate, interaction strength, and accretion rate among the primary fragments formed by turbulence lead to variations in the relative proportions of brown dwarfs, solar to intermediate mass stars, and high mass stars.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, to be published in ``IMF@50: A Fest-Colloquium in honor of Edwin E. Salpeter,'' held at Abbazia di Spineto, Siena, Italy, May 16-20, 2004. Kluwer Academic Publishers; edited by E. Corbelli, F. Palla, and H. Zinnecker
Maize Market Sheds in Eastern and Southern Africa. Report 1. Country Annexes
Creators: name: Aliguma, Lucy
name: Ashimogo, Gasper
name: Mwale, Geoffrey S.
name: Nyoro, James K.
name: Phiri, Alexander
name: Traub, Lulama Ndibongo
name: Aliguma, Lucy
name: Ashimogo, Gasper
name: Mwale, Geoffrey S.
name: Nyoro, James K.
name: Phiri, Alexander
name: Traub, Lulama Ndibongo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Africa
subject: markets
subject: maize

description: Agriculture remains an important sector in South Africa despite its small direct share of the country’s gross domestic product (GDP). In 2004 primary agriculture contributed 3% to total GDP, while accounting for over 10% of all reported employment (OECD, 2006). Within this sector, the grain industry is one of the largest, contributing approximately 16% to the total gross value of agricultural production between 2000 and 2003 marketing years (SAGIS, 2005). It is comprised of all grain and oilseed industries, of which, maize and wheat are considered primary staple commodities given their importance in promoting food security. Over the past two decades or so, both domestic and trade policy interventions within the maize industry has occurred within the context of vast political and socioeconomic change. The overall goal of government during this period was to create an open and market-orientated economy as well as to redress the injustices of the past. The resultant set of policy interventions affecting the grain sector have successfully managed to achieve the goal of a market-orientated system, while making significant strides in achieving a more open grain sector in term of Black Economic Empowerment. The primary objective of this case study is to describe the evolution of policies affecting crossborder trade in maize and maize meal between South Africa and the Southern African region. To this end, the major maize grain flows within South Africa, the major domestic and trade policies affecting cross- border maize trade between South Africa and its surrounding neighbors, as well as the market pricing mechanism are described and assessed.
description: Annexes to the report prepared by Michigan State University for the World Bank under contract No. 7144132, Strengthening Food Security in Sub-Saharan Africa through Trade Liberalization and Regional Integration
THE GROWING IMPORTANCE OF ACTIVITIES DIVERSIFICATION FOR ENHANCING FAMILY FARMS COMPETITIVENESS
Creators: name: Todorovic, Sasa
name: Muncan, Mihajlo
name: Miljkovic, Marina
name: Todorovic, Sasa
name: Muncan, Mihajlo
name: Miljkovic, Marina
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Diversification
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Family farms

description: Family farms are the most significant development entities of rural areas. The welfare of the rural population depends on the success of their business operations and ability to survive in the market. Bearing this in mind, it is necessary to find ways and create the adequate conditions to activate development potentials. The objective of this study is therefore to systematize potential sources of farm households’ income, with special emphasis on how and why they diversify their income and activities. Results of the research unambiguously show that diversification of income and activities are now integral part of business activities of numerous farms. No doubt, importance of diversification will increase in future period, considering that more dynamic development of farms is not possible without engagement of all potentials at their disposal.
Study on the One-Proton Halo Structure in $^{23}$Al
Creators: name: Fang, D. Q.
name: Ma, C. W.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Chen, J. G.
name: Chen, J. H.
name: Guo, W.
name: Tian, W. D.
name: Wang, K.
name: Wei, Y. B.
name: Yan, T. Z.
name: Zhong, C.
name: Zuo, J. X.
name: Shen, W. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Glauber theory has been used to investigate the reaction cross section of proton-rich nucleus $^{23}$Al. A core plus a proton structure is assumed for $^{23}$Al. HO-type density distribution is used for the core while the density distribution for the valence proton is calculated by solving the eigenvalue problem of Woods-Saxon potential. The transparency function in an analytical expression is obtained adopting multi-Gaussian expansion for the density distribution. Coulomb correction and finite-range interaction are introduced. This modified Glauber model is apt for halo nuclei. A dominate s-wave is suggested for the last proton in $^{23}$Al from our analysis which is possible in the RMF calculation.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The nearby extreme accretion and feedback system PDS 456: finding a complex radio-emitting nucleus
Creators: name: Yang, Jun
name: Paragi, Zsolt
name: Nardini, Emanuele
name: Baan, Willem A.
name: Fan, Lulu
name: Mohan, Prashanth
name: Varenius, Eskil
name: An, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a black hole accretes close to the Eddington limit, the astrophysical jet is often accompanied by radiatively driven, wide-aperture and mildly relativistic winds. Powerful winds can produce significant non-thermal radio emission via shocks. Among the nearby critical accretion quasars, PDS 456 has a very massive black hole (about one billion solar masses), shows a significant star-forming activity (about seventy solar masses per year) and hosts exceptionally energetic X-ray winds (power up to twenty per cent of the Eddington luminosity). To probe the radio activity in this extreme accretion and feedback system, we performed very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations of PDS 456 at 1.66 GHz with the European VLBI Network (EVN) and the enhanced Multi-Element Remotely Linked Interferometry Network (e-MERLIN). We find a rarely-seen complex radio-emitting nucleus consisting of a collimated jet and an extended non-thermal radio emission region. The diffuse emission region has a size of about 360 pc and a radio luminosity about three times higher than the nearby extreme starburst galaxy Arp 220. The powerful nuclear radio activity could result from either a relic jet with a peculiar geometry (nearly along the line of sight) or more likely from diffuse shocks formed naturally by the existing high-speed winds impacting on high-density star-forming regions.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Additional file 2 of Applying critical systems thinking to social prescribing: a relational model of stakeholder “buy-in”
Creators: name: Fixsen, Alison
name: Seers, Helen
name: Polley, Marie
name: Robins, Jo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Professionals interview schedule: List of open questions used as a guide during the semi-structured interviews with professionals for the qualitative arm of the service evaluation Shropshire social prescribing project.
Additional file 2 of Conservation of intron and intein insertion sites: implications for life histories of parasitic genetic elements
Creators: name: Swithers, Kristen S
name: Alireza G Senejani
name: Fournier, Gregory P
name: J Peter Gogarten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Cancer
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: List of Introns found in Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I. The list contains all introns from species for which at least one of their cox1 gene introns were BLAST hits when introns from Podospora anserina (X55026) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (V00694) cox1 genes were used as query sequences. (PDF 103 KB)
A model of phase fluctuations in a lattice d-wave superconductor: application to the Cooper pair charge-density-wave in underdoped cuprates
Creators: name: Melikyan, Ashot
name: Tesanovic, Zlatko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and study an XY-type model of thermal and quantum phase fluctuations in a two-dimensional correlated lattice d-wave superconductor based on the QED3 effective theory of high temperature superconductors. General features of and selected results obtained within this model were reported earlier in an abbreviated format (Z. Tesanovic, cond-mat/0405235). The model is geared toward describing not only the long distance but also the intermediate lengthscale physics of underdoped cuprates. In particular, we elucidate the dynamical origin and investigate specific features of the Cooper pair charge-density-wave (CPCDW), which we argue is the state behind the periodic charge density modulation discovered in recent STM experiments. We illustrate how Mott-Hubbard correlations near half-filling suppress superfluid density and favor an incompressible state which breaks translational symmetry of the atomic lattice. We show how the formation of the CPCDW in such a strongly quantum fluctuating superconductor can be understood as an Abrikosov-Hofstadter problem in a type-II dual superconductor, with the role of the dual magnetic field played by the electron density. The resulting Abrikosov lattice of dual vortices translates into the periodic modulation of the Bogoliubov-deGennes gap function and the electronic density. We compute detailed signatures of various Abrikosov-Hofstadter dual vortex arrays in the single-particle local tunneling density of states. A 4x4 checkerboard-type modulation pattern naturally arises as an energetically favored ground state at and near the x = 1/8 doping and produces good agreement with experimental observations.
description: 43 pages, 14 figures. (v4): in earlier versions Fig. 1 did not process correctly; problem fixed. Additional references
MARKETING RESEARCH ABOUT PERCEPTIONS OF PRODUCERS OF ROMANIAN TRADITIONAL PRODUCTS
Creators: name: Andreea, Raluca Ion
name: Turek, Magdalena
name: Turek, Adrian
name: Andreea, Raluca Ion
name: Turek, Magdalena
name: Turek, Adrian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Traditional products
subject: Model of consumption
subject: Agro-food products’ market
subject: Consumer

description: The purpose of this study is to describe the businesses of Romanian producers of agrofood traditional products traded to the Romanian Farmer’s Fair. The need of pursuing these issues is emerged from the changes happened on the market of agro-food products in those regarding the transitions to a healthier consumption, to ecological and/or traditional products, in the case of some consumers. Because of these, some producers identified opportunities of developing businesses with traditional Romanian products. In describing producers’ businesses, a qualitative marketing research is undertaken to the Romanian Farmer’s Fair, trying to identify future trends of the market of agro-food products.
Direct evaluation of measurement uncertainties by feedback compensation of decoherence
Creators: name: Hofmann, Holger F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is difficult to evaluate the precision of quantum measurements because it is not possible to conduct a second reference measurement on the same physical system to compare the measurement outcome with a more accurate value of the measured quantity. Here, I show that a direct evaluation of measurement uncertainties is possible when the measurement outcomes are used to compensate the small amount of decoherence induced in a probe qubit by carefully controlled interactions with the system. Since the original uncertainty of the target observable causes fluctuating phase shifts in the probe qubit, any additional information obtained about the target observable can be used to compensate a part of the decoherence by applying a conditional phase shift to the reference qubit. The magnitude of this negative feedback corresponds to an estimate of the target observable, and the uncompensated decoherence defines the uncertainty of that estimate. The results of the analysis show that the uncertainties of the estimates are given by the uncertainties introduced by Ozawa in Phys. Rev. A 67, 042105 (2003) and the optimal estimates are given by the weak values associated with the different measurement outcomes. Feedback compensation of decoherence therefore demonstrates the empirical validity of definitions of errors and estimates that combine the initial information of the input state with the additional information provided by each measurement outcome.
description: 5 pages, including 1 figure, clarifications of terminology and derivations, additional references
МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ ИЗМЕНЕНИЯ ГОЛОВНОГО  МОЗГА ПРИ  ИШИМИЧЕСКОМ ИНСУЛЬТЕ И РЕПЕРФУЗИИ ИШИМИИ ПЕЧЕНИ  У КРЫС
Creators: name: Нугманова, У.Т.
name: Холбоева, Г.Б.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Важные задачи, изучаемые с точки зрения  морфологических особенностей нервной ткани головного мозга после острого нарушения мозгового кровообращения является не только с научной точки зрения, но и , в основном , с практической. Это важно для разработки новых методов лечения пациентов с этой патологией.
Scalar interaction limits from the beta-neutrino correlation of trapped radioactive atoms
Creators: name: Gorelov, A.
name: Melconian, D.
name: Alford, W. P.
name: Ashery, D.
name: Ball, G.
name: Behr, J. A.
name: Bricault, P. G.
name: D'Auria, J. M.
name: Deutsch, J.
name: Dilling, J.
name: Dombsky, M.
name: Dube', P.
name: Fingler, J.
name: Giesen, U.
name: Glück, F.
name: Gu, S.
name: Häusser, O.
name: Jackson, K. P.
name: Jennings, B. K.
name: Pearson, M. R.
name: Stocki, T. J.
name: Swanson, T. B.
name: Trinczek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have set limits on contributions of scalar interactions to nuclear beta decay. A magneto-optical trap (MOT) provides a localized source of atoms suspended in space, so the low-energy recoiling nuclei can freely escape and be detected in coincidence with the beta. This allows reconstruction of the neutrino momentum, and the measurement of the beta-neutrino correlation, in a more direct fashion than previously possible. The beta-neutrino correlation parameter of the 0+ to 0+ pure Fermi decay of 38mK is $\tilde{a}$=0.9981+-0.0030+-0.0037, consistent with the standard model prediction a=1.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted by Phys. Rev. Lett., centroid changed
Layer-thickness effects in quai-two dimensional electron liquids
Creators: name: Dharma-wardana, M. W. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a mapping of the quasi-2D electron liquid to a classical fluid and use the hypernetted-chain equation inclusive of bridge corrections, i.e., CHNC, to calculate the electron pair-distribution functions and exchange-correlation energies as a function of the density, layer width, spin-polarization and temperature. The theory is free of adjustable parameters and is in good accord with recent effective-mass and spin-susceptibility results for HIGFET 2-D layers.
description: 5 latex pages, three post-script figures
Negative group delay for Dirac particles traveling through a potential well
Creators: name: Chen, Xi
name: Li, Chun-Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of group delay for Dirac particles traveling through a potential well are investigated. A necessary condition is put forward for the group delay to be negative. It is shown that this negative group delay is closely related to its anomalous dependence on the width of the potential well. In order to demonstrate the validity of stationary-phase approach, numerical simulations are made for Gaussian-shaped temporal wave packets. A restriction to the potential-well's width is obtained that is necessary for the wave packet to remain distortionless in the travelling. Numerical comparison shows that the relativistic group delay is larger than its corresponding non-relativistic one.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Detecting and interpreting statistical lensing by absorbers
Creators: name: Ménard, Brice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a method for detecting gravitational magnification of distant sources, like quasars, due to absorber systems detected in their spectra. We first motivate the use of metal absorption lines rather than Lyman-alpha lines, then we show how to relate the observed moments of the source magnitude distribution to the mass distribution of absorbers. In order to illustrate the feasibility of the method, we use a simple model to estimate the amplitude of the effect expected for MgII absorption lines, and show that their lensing signal might already be detectable in large surveys like the SDSS. Our model suggests that quasars behind strong MgII absorbers are in average brightened by -0.05 to -0.2 magnitude due to magnification. One must therefore revisit the claim that, in magnitude limited surveys, quasars with strong absorbers tend to be missed due to extinction effects. In addition to constraining the mass of absorber systems, applying our method will allow for the quantification of this bias.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, submitted to ApJ
Random multipolar driving: tunably slow heating through spectral engineering
Creators: name: Zhao, Hongzheng
name: Mintert, Florian
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Knolle, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Driven quantum systems may realize novel phenomena absent in static systems, but driving-induced heating can limit the time-scale on which these persist. We study heating in interacting quantum many-body systems driven by random sequences with $n-$multipolar correlations, corresponding to a polynomially suppressed low frequency spectrum. For $n\geq1$, we find a prethermal regime, the lifetime of which grows algebraically with the driving rate, with exponent ${2n+1}$. A simple theory based on Fermi's golden rule accounts for this behaviour. The quasiperiodic Thue-Morse sequence corresponds to the $n\to \infty$ limit, and accordingly exhibits an exponentially long-lived prethermal regime. Despite the absence of periodicity in the drive, and in spite of its eventual heat death, the prethermal regime can host versatile non-equilibrium phases, which we illustrate with a random multipolar discrete time crystal.
description: 5+5 pages, 4+7 figures, accepted in P.R.L
Bringing the Poor into a Growth Agenda: What Role for Africa’s Rural Nonfarm Economy?
Creators: name: Haggblade, Steven
name: Haggblade, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: agriculture
subject: growth
subject: poor
subject: food security

description: Across rural Africa, nonagricultural earnings account for roughly one-third of total income. Highly seasonal, nonfarm activity fills in labor troughs in the agricultural calendar. Despite a common emphasis on rural industries, manufacturing typically accounts for only 20-25% of rural nonfarm employment, while trade, transport, construction and other services account for 75-80%. Apart from sorghum beer brewing, rural manufacturing remains limited across most of Africa. Remittances from urban areas prove important in some locations, particularly in areas with large mining labor exports. But, over all, local rural services, commercial and other business activity account for 80% of rural nonfarm earnings.
description: Distributed as: Appendix 1. Background Paper for Agriculture and Lands. African Ministers Meeting, April 2009. Prepared under the Food Security III Cooperative Agreement (GDG-A- 00-02-00021-00) between the Department of Agricultural, Food, and Resource Economics, Michigan State University, and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).
Feature Selection with Evolving, Fast and Slow Using Two Parallel Genetic Algorithms
Creators: name: Cetin, Uzay
name: Gundogmus, Yunus Emre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Feature selection is one of the most challenging issues in machine learning, especially while working with high dimensional data. In this paper, we address the problem of feature selection and propose a new approach called Evolving Fast and Slow. This new approach is based on using two parallel genetic algorithms having high and low mutation rates, respectively. Evolving Fast and Slow requires a new parallel architecture combining an automatic system that evolves fast and an effortful system that evolves slow. With this architecture, exploration and exploitation can be done simultaneously and in unison. Evolving fast, with high mutation rate, can be useful to explore new unknown places in the search space with long jumps; and Evolving Slow, with low mutation rate, can be useful to exploit previously known places in the search space with short movements. Our experiments show that Evolving Fast and Slow achieves very good results in terms of both accuracy and feature elimination.
Identification of Key Analytical Agenda Related to CAADP Pillars 2 and 3
Creators: name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Haggblade, Steven
name: Tschirley, David L.
name: Haggblade, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: agriculture
subject: africa
subject: caadp

description: This section identifies major topic areas covered in the CAADP Pillar 2 (trade and investment) and Pillar 3 (food security) Continental Reports, and reflects a careful review of those reports combined with general knowledge of the issues within the FSG team. The two Continental Pillar reports reflect a broad synthesis of views of public and private stakeholders across the African continent. Many if not all of the issues identified in Areas B and C emerged at the most recent COMESA Annual Meetings in March 2008, highlighting stakeholders’ demand for analysis and clear policy advice. While necessarily selective, the topics identified here cover the broad range of issues in the two pillar papers, but are not limited to topic areas that FSG typically focuses on.
description: Prepared by Food Security Group, Michigan State University,
The development of reading skills of children with English as a Second language
Creators: name: Lipka, Orly
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The first study examined the development of reading, spelling and syntactic skills in English speakers (L1) and children with English as a Second language (ESL) from kindergarten to grade 3. This longitudinal study also investigated procedures for identifying reading difficulties in the early grades of elementary school for both English speakers and children with ESL. Reading, spelling, phonological processing, syntax, lexical access and working memory skills were assessed in kindergarten. Additional tasks were incorporated into the battery to assess cognitive and reading processes in grade 3. By the end of grade 3, the L1 and ESL normally achieving readers performed in similar ways on all tasks except on the spelling, arithmetic and syntactic awareness tasks. The ESL normally achieving readers performed better than the L1 on spelling and arithmetic tasks, however the L1 normally achieving readers performed better than the ESL on the syntactic awareness task. Similar cognitive and reading components predicted word reading and reading comprehension in grade 3 for both language groups. The results show that learning English as a second language is not an impediment to successful literacy learning, and may even be an advantage. In the second part of this study we examine whether the first language of children with ESL affected the reading, spelling and syntactic awareness in English. Seven language groups, Chinese, Farsi, Slavic, Japanese, Romance, Tagalog, and native English speakers groups, were compared in a cross sectional study. This study included all the children with ESL in kindergarten and grades 1, 2 and 3. The results demonstrated positive as well as negative effects in spelling and syntactic skills, resulting from the transfer to English for members of different language groups. Differences across language groups reflect the nature of the native language. Specifically, a positive transfer occurred when the L1 grammar system was more complex than the L2 grammar system. When investigating second language it is necessary to consider the native language and effect on the acquisition of a second language.
De fortes baisses des prix des céréales sèches en perspectives
Creators: name: Diarra, Salifou Bakary
name: Diarra, Salifou Bakary
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: food security
subject: food policy
subject: Mali

description: The 2006 – 2007 agricultural campaign was characterized by a good rainfall. As a result, cereal production has increased according to the survey conducted by CPS/DNSI.. The prices of cereals reflect this increase in production. To keep producers from selling their products at lower prices, it is recommended to constitute the national food security stock and cereal banks at commune level in December 2006, lift measures forbidding the exports of cereals, and put in place overdraft facilities for producers and traders for cereals storage.
Dominant Reaction Pathways by Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Hauke, Philipp
name: Mattiotti, Giovanni
name: Faccioli, Pietro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Characterizing thermally activated transitions in high-dimensional rugged energy surfaces is a very challenging task for classical computers. Here, we develop a quantum annealing scheme to solve this problem. First, the task of finding the most probable transition paths in configuration space is reduced to a shortest-path problem defined on a suitable weighted graph. Next, this optimization problem is mapped into finding the ground state of a generalized Ising model. A finite-size scaling analysis suggests this task may be solvable efficiently by a quantum annealing machine. Our approach leverages on the quantized nature of qubits to describe transitions between different system's configurations. Since it does not involve any lattice space discretization, it paves the way towards future biophysical applications of quantum computing based on realistic all-atom models.
description: 4 + 4 pages, 2 + 3 figures. Version accepted at PRL. Includes classical solution for a small protein, a finite-size scaling analysis, and calculations on a D-WAVE quantum annealer
Localized growth modes, dynamic textures, and upper critical dimension for the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation in the weak noise limit
Creators: name: Fogedby, Hans C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A nonperturbative weak noise scheme is applied to the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang equation for a growing interface in all dimensions. It is shown that the growth morphology can be interpreted in terms of a dynamically evolving texture of localized growth modes with superimposed diffusive modes. Applying Derrick's theorem it is conjectured that the upper critical dimension is four.
description: 10 pages in revtex and 2 figures in eps, a few typos corrected
Probing neutron-hidden neutron transitions with the MURMUR experiment
Creators: name: Stasser, C.
name: Terwagne, G.
name: Lamblin, J.
name: Méplan, O.
name: Pignol, G.
name: Coupé, B.
name: Kalcheva, S.
name: Van Dyck, S.
name: Sarrazin, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: MURMUR is a new passing-through-walls neutron experiment designed to constrain neutron/hidden neutron transitions allowed in the context of braneworld scenarios or mirror matter models. A nuclear reactor can act as a hidden neutron source, such that neutrons travel through a hidden world or sector. Hidden neutrons can propagate out of the nuclear core and far beyond the biological shielding. However, hidden neutrons can weakly interact with usual matter, making possible for their detection in the context of low-noise measurements. In the present work, the novelty rests on a better background discrimination and the use of a mass of a material - here lead - able to enhance regeneration of hidden neutrons into visible ones to improve detection. The input of this new setup is studied using both modelizations and experiments, thanks to tests currently performed with the experiment at the BR2 research nuclear reactor (SCK$\cdot$CEN, Mol, Belgium). A new limit on the neutron swapping probability p has been derived thanks to the measurements taken during the BR2 Cycle 02/2019A: $p < 4.0 \ \times 10^{-10}$ at 95% CL. This constraint is better than the bound from the previous passing-through-wall neutron experiment made at ILL in 2015, despite BR2 is less efficient to generate hidden neutrons by a factor 7.4, thus raising the interest of such experiment using regenerating materials.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, final version, accepted for publication in European Physical Journal C