cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Weit weg von Lügenpresse
title: Über eine britische Rechte, die den Nachrichten vertraut
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Placereano, Katharina
name: Jahn, Michaela
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: The term “lying press” has a long and, above all, politically right-wing history. German and Austrian studies show that people who place themselves on the right wing of the political spectrum have the least confidence in news. In Great Britain it is different. The central result of this secondary analysis of the Digital News Report data of 2020 shows, that the more politically right-wing British people place themselves, the more trust they have in news. If the results are discussed in the light of the Hostile Media Effect, the mostly right-wing orientated and conservative media houses could be a reason for the different results: They serve the right worldview more than German media do.
description: Der Begriff Lügenpresse hat eine lange und vor allem politisch rechte Geschichte. Deutsche und österreichische Studien zeigen, dass Menschen insbesondere am rechten Rand des politischen Spektrums am wenigsten Vertrauen in Nachrichten haben. In Großbritannien ist es anders. Die folgende Sekundäranalyse der Digital News Report-Daten von 2020 hat gezeigt: Je weiter rechts sich Britinnen und Briten selbst politisch einordnen, desto mehr Vertrauen haben sie in Nachrichten. Diskutiert man die Ergebnisse im Lichte des Hostile Media Effects, könnten die zumeist konservativen Medienhäuser in Großbritannien eine Begründung für das konträre Ergebnis sein: Sie bedienen eher das rechte Weltbild als es deutschsprachige Medien tun.
Columba gutturosa Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba gutturosa

description: Columba gutturosa [spec. nov.]
C. pectore inflato.
Columba gutturosa. Will. orn. 121. t. 34. Raj. av. 60.
Habitat ...
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 162, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Gravitational Field and Equations of Motion of Nonlinear Cosmic String
Creators: name: Chechin, L. M.
name: Omarov, T. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the case of tension tensor containing nonlinear terms in $l^α$, we give generalization of Vilenkin metrics and equations of motion of cosmic string. Dynamics of nonlinear string in (1+1)-dimensional universe is discussed.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure on request from authors
Additional file 1: of Indel sensitive and comprehensive variant/mutation detection from RNA sequencing data for precision medicine
Creators: name: Prodduturi, Naresh
name: Bhagwate, Aditya
name: Kocher, Jean-Pierre
name: Zhifu Sun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Table S1. Parameter Settings used for alignment, data pre-processing and variant calling. Table S2. PanMutsRx Run time in each step of processing. (DOCX 18 kb)
MOESM7 of Spatial analyzes of HLA data in Rio Grande do Sul, south Brazil: genetic structure and possible correlation with autoimmune diseases
Creators: name: Boquett, Juliano
name: Zagonel-Oliveira, Marcelo
name: Jobim, Luis
name: Jobim, Mariana
name: Luiz Gonzaga
name: Veronez, Maurício
name: Fagundes, Nelson
name: Schüler-Faccini, Lavínia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 7. Prevalence and cluster maps for each disease.
Tsirelson's bound and Landauer's principle in a single-system game
Creators: name: Henaut, Luciana
name: Catani, Lorenzo
name: Browne, Dan E.
name: Mansfield, Shane
name: Pappa, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a simple single-system game inspired by the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt (CHSH) game. For qubit systems subjected to unitary gates and projective measurements, we prove that any strategy in our game can be mapped to a strategy in the CHSH game, which implies that Tsirelson's bound also holds in our setting. More generally, we show that the optimal success probability depends on the reversible or irreversible character of the gates, the quantum or classical nature of the system and the system dimension. We analyse the bounds obtained in light of Landauer's principle, showing the entropic costs of the erasure associated with the game. This shows a connection between the reversibility in fundamental operations embodied by Landauer's principle and Tsirelson's bound, that arises from the restricted physics of a unitarily-evolving single-qubit system.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, typos corrected
Orca: Ownership and Reference Count Collection for Actors
Creators: name: Vicente Franco, Juliana Patricia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Orca is a novel garbage collection protocol for actor-based, object-oriented programming languages for multicore machines. It supports fully concurrent garbage collection, where an actor can trigger garbage collection at any time without synchronising with any other actor. It does so while supporting copy-less message passing and sharing of mutable state. By leveraging a type system’s guarantees of actor isolation, Orca can perform GC fully concurrently, without any form of barrier synchronisation in mutator threads, as commonly found in state-of-the-art concurrent collectors. Although Orca has been successfully implemented in Pony and in Encore, it had never been evaluated nor proven correct. Indeed, these are the two main contributions of this thesis. In this thesis, we model Orca and prove that it will never collect reachable objects (i.e., execution of programs managed by Orca will never result in dangling pointers) and that it will eventually deallocate all unreachable objects (i.e., execution of programs managed by Orca will never result in memory leaks). We model Orca in three steps: firstly, we define a set of requirements that must be ensured by the host language; secondly, assuming these requirements are in place, we model all the garbage collection related operations atomically; and thirdly, we extend our model to take into consideration that, in fact, in a fully concurrent system every instruction is interleaved with the execution of other operations. Moreover, we evaluate Orca ’s performance by measuring scalability, footprint, responsiveness and its overhead in the execution of a program. We perform this evaluation in the context of Pony, the language with which Orca was co-designed, and compare it against the JVM, BEAM and Boehm-Demers-Weiser.
Additional files 1: of Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and associated risk factors for hookworm infections among primary schoolchildren in rural areas of Nakhon Si Thammarat, southern Thailand
Creators: name: Chuchard Punsawad
name: Nonthapan Phasuk
name: Suchirat Bunratsami
name: Kanjana Thongtup
name: Parnpen Viriyavejakul
name: Sarawoot Palipoch
name: Phanit Koomhin
name: Somchok Nongnaul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Questionnaire on demographic data and possible risk factors. (PDF 481Â kb)
Group-theoretical classification of multipole order: emergent responses and candidate materials
Creators: name: Watanabe, Hikaru
name: Yanase, Youichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The multipole moment is an established concept of electrons in solids. Entanglement of spin, orbital, and sublattice degrees of freedom is described by the multipole moment, and spontaneous multipole order is a ubiquitous phenomenon in strongly correlated electron systems. In this paper, we present group-theoretical classification theory of multipole order in solids. Intriguing duality between the real space and momentum space properties is revealed for odd-parity multipole order which spontaneously breaks inversion symmetry. Electromagnetic responses in odd-parity multipole states are clarified on the basis of the classification theory. A direct relation between the multipole moment and the magnetoelectric effect, Edelstein effect, magnetopiezoelectric effect, and dichromatic electron transport is demonstrated. More than 110 odd-parity magnetic multipole materials are identified by the group-theoretical analysis. Combining the list of materials with the classification tables of multipole order, we predict emergent responses of the candidate materials.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure, 15 tables
Structural and functional studies of the plant boron transporter, AtBOR1
Creators: name: Scull, Nicola
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Boron is an essential nutrient for plant growth however excess levels of boron are toxic. Boron toxicity and deficiency negatively affect many different crop species, highlighting the importance of boron homeostasis in plants. In Arabidopsis thaliana the boron transporter, AtBOR1, is required for normal plant growth at low boron concentrations. AtBOR1 is expressed in the root endodermis and pericycle and actively exports boron from root cells into the xylem. Although a low resolution structure exists for AtBOR1, many questions still remain about the exact substrates of AtBOR1, the location of substrate binding and the mechanism by which boron is transported. A greater knowledge of the structure and function of AtBOR1 could aid the design of genetically engineered crop species resulting in plants with a greater tolerance for extreme boron conditions. The aim of this study was to obtain well diffracting crystals of AtBOR1 as a basis for further structural studies. AtBOR1 was expressed in Saccharomyces cerevisiae and demonstrated boron efflux activity in a yeast BOR1p knockout strain. The protein was successfully purified in mg quantities and shown to be a dimer, the likely physiological state, in detergent based solution. The protein was successfully crystallised and optimisation of the crystallisation conditions produced a crystal that maximally diffracts to 4.2 Å. Based on available structures of AtBOR1 and other related proteins, a range of AtBOR1 mutants were assessed for their affects on stability and function. Additional analysis of two single point mutations that increase plant sensitivity to boron deficiency indicate that these are likely to prevent correct expression and membrane trafficking of AtBOR1. Stability analysis of AtBOR1 in a range of established and novel detergents, identified several detergents that increase AtBOR1 stability compared to DDM.
Columba cucullata Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba cucullata

description: Columba cucullata [spec. nov.]
C. pennis occipitis reflexo-erectis.
Columba cucullata s. jacobaea. Raj. av. 60. Alb. av. 3. p. t. 43.
Columba anglica s. russrca. Gesn. av. 279.
Habitat ...
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 162, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
A Comparison of Metal Enrichment Histories in Rich Clusters and Individual Luminous Elliptical Galaxies
Creators: name: Brighenti, Fabrizio
name: Mathews, William G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hot, X-ray emitting gaseous halos around massive elliptical galaxies are a result of both stellar mass loss and inflow toward the overdensity from which giant ellipticals and their associated galaxy groups formed. The metal abundance in this gas contains important information about early star formation and past supernova activity. We find that Type II supernovae based on a Salpeter IMF, plus a small number of additional Type Ia supernovae, can explain the the density, temperature and abundance profiles currently observed in gaseous halos around massive ellipticals. Within the central, optically bright regions of luminous ellipticals, approximately half of the interstellar iron is produced by Type Ia supernovae and half by mass lost from evolving stars which were originally enriched by Type II supernovae. However, iron and silicon abundances in the intracluster gas within rich clusters suggest enrichment by a larger number of supernovae per unit optical light than we require for massive ellipticals, either more Type Ia or more Type II from a flatter IMF. Since the enrichment histories of massive ellipticals and rich clusters are fundamentally different, E and SO galaxies may not be the only sources of metal enrichment in rich cluster gas.
description: 24 pages in AASTEX LaTeX, 8 figures; accepted by Astrophysical Journal
Contour location via entropy reduction leveraging multiple information sources
Creators: name: Marques, Alexandre N.
name: Lam, Remi R.
name: Willcox, Karen E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 62L05, 60G15, 94A17

description: We introduce an algorithm to locate contours of functions that are expensive to evaluate. The problem of locating contours arises in many applications, including classification, constrained optimization, and performance analysis of mechanical and dynamical systems (reliability, probability of failure, stability, etc.). Our algorithm locates contours using information from multiple sources, which are available in the form of relatively inexpensive, biased, and possibly noisy approximations to the original function. Considering multiple information sources can lead to significant cost savings. We also introduce the concept of contour entropy, a formal measure of uncertainty about the location of the zero contour of a function approximated by a statistical surrogate model. Our algorithm locates contours efficiently by maximizing the reduction of contour entropy per unit cost.
$\mathcal{N}=1$ $\mathcal{D}=3$ Lifshitz-Wess-Zumino model: A paradigm of reconciliation between Lifshitz-like operators and supersymmetry
Creators: name: Gallegos, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By imposing the weighted renormalization condition and the (super)symmetry requirements, we construct a Lifshitz-like extension of the three-dimensional Wess-Zumino model, with dynamical critical exponent z=2. In this context, the auxiliary field F plays a key role by introducing the appropriate Lifshitz operator in the bosonic sector of the theory, avoiding so undesirable time-space mixing derivatives and inconsistencies concerning the critical z exponent, as reported in the literature. The consistency of the proposed model is verified by building explicitly the susy algebra through the Noether method in the canonical formalism. This component-field Lifshitz-Wess-Zumino model is in addition rephrased in the Lifshitz superspace, a natural modification of the conventional one. The one-loop effective potential is computed to study the possibility of symmetry breaking. It is found that supersymmetry remains intact at one-loop order, while the U(1) phase symmetry suffers a spontaneous breakdown above the critical value of the renormalization point. By renormalizing the one-loop effective potential within the cutoff regularization scheme, it is observed an improvement of the UV behavior of the theory compared with the relativistic Wess-Zumino model.
description: Published version in Physics Letters B (2019)
Computational fluid dynamics simulation of corium spreading
Creators: name: Perrier, Hugo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: In the event of a severe accident in a nuclear reactor involving reactor core degradation, molten core materials called Corium can form. The interaction of Corium with the concrete of reactor containment buildings may threaten the integrity of nuclear power plants. A technical solution to prevent the penetration of Corium into the concrete base-mat is the implementation of a core-catcher designed to collect the Corium and spread it over a large area to be cooled efficiently. Due to the complexity of Corium spreading simulations, standard numerical methods used in Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) may not be applicable to Corium flows. Therefore, the work presented in this thesis investigates in detail the errors associated with the numerical simulation of Corium flows. In particular, the numerical representation of the interface between two immiscible fluids, such as Corium and air, is challenging. This thesis identifies numerical diffusion of temperature, which is a numerical error associated with the spatial discretisation process, in the vicinity of the Corium/air interface, as a source of error for Corium spreading simulations. A numerical strategy is proposed and evaluated on several test cases with known solutions. It is shown that, compared to standard numerical methods, the proposed strategy significantly reduces numerical diffusion. The numerical methods studied in this thesis are validated against experimental results from the VULCANO VE-U7 Corium spreading experiment. The simulation results obtained are compared to experimental results as well as other simulation results available in the scientific literature. It is shown that the choice of numerical methods affects the spreading predictions, however, the uncertainty of Corium properties is the major source of uncertainty in the simulation results
Linearized Bregman Iterations for Automatic Optical Fiber Fault Analysis
Creators: name: Lunglmayr, Michael
name: Amaral, Gustavo C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Supervision of the physical layer of optical networks is an extremely relevant subject. To detect fiber faults, single-ended solutions such as the Optical Time Domain Reflectometer (OTDR) allow for precise measurements of fault profiles. Combining the OTDR with a signal processing approach for high-dimensional sparse parameter estimation allows for automated and reliable results in reduced time. In this work, a measurement system composed of a Photon-Counting OTDR data acquisition unit and a processing unit based on a Linearized Bregman Iterations algorithm for automatic fault finding is proposed. An in-depth comparative study of the proposed algorithm's fault-finding prowess in the presence of noise is presented. Characteristics such as sensitivity, specificity, processing time, and complexity, are analysed in simulated environments. Real-life measurements that are conducted using the Photon-Counting OTDR subsystem for data acquisition and the Linearized Bregman-based processing unit for automated data analysis demonstrated accurate results. It is concluded that the proposed measurement system is particularly well suited to the task of fault finding. The natural characteristic of the algorithm fosters embedding the solution in digital hardware, allowing for reduced costs and processing time.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
TeV gamma-ray observations of southern BL Lacs with the CANGAROO 3.8m Imaging Telescope
Creators: name: Roberts, M. D.
name: Dazeley, S. A.
name: Edwards, P. G.
name: Hara, T.
name: Hayami, Y.
name: Holder, J.
name: Kakimoto, F.
name: Kamei, S.
name: Kawachi, A.
name: Kifune, T.
name: Kita, R.
name: Konishi, T.
name: Masaike, A.
name: Matsubara, Y.
name: Matsuoka, T.
name: Mizumoto, Y.
name: Mori, M.
name: Muraishi, H.
name: Muraki, Y.
name: Nishijima, K.
name: Oda, S.
name: Ogio, S.
name: Patterson, J. R.
name: Rowell, G. P.
name: Sako, T.
name: Sakurazawa, K.
name: Susukita, R.
name: Suzuki, A.
name: Suzuki, R.
name: Tamura, T.
name: Tanimori, T.
name: Thornton, G. J.
name: Yanagita, S.
name: Yoshida, T.
name: Yoshikoshi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observational and theoretical results indicate that low-redshift BL Lacertae objects are the most likely extragalactic sources to be detectable at TeV energies. In this paper we present the results of observations of 4 BL Lacertae objects (PKS0521-365, EXO0423.4-0840, PKS2005-489 and PKS2316-423) made between 1993 and 1996 with the CANGAROO 3.8m imaging Cherenkov telescope. During the period of these observations the gamma-ray energy threshold of the 3.8m telescope was ~2TeV. Searches for steady long-term emission have been made, and, inspired by the TeV flares detected from Mkn421 and Mkn501, a search on a night-by-night timescale has also been performed for each source. Comprehensive Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate upper limits for both steady and short timescale emission.
description: 6 pages including 2 figures
Lattice QCD and Baryon-Baryon Interactions
Creators: name: Aoki, Sinya
name: Doi, Takumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this chapter, the current status on baryon-baryon interactions such as nuclear forces in lattice Quantum ChromoDynamics (QCD) is reviewed. In studies of baryon-baryon interactions in lattice QCD, the most reliable method so far is the potential method, proposed by the Hadrons to Atomic nuclei from Lattice QCD (HAL QCD) collaboration, whose formulation, properties and extensions are explained in detail. Using the HAL QCD potential method, potentials between nucleons (proton and neutron, denoted by $N$) in the derivative expansion have been extracted in various cases. The lattice QCD results shown in this chapter include a Leading Order (LO) central potential in the parity-even $NN(^1S_0)$ channel, LO central and tensor potentials in the parity-even $NN(^3S_1$-$^3D_1)$ channel, and a Next-to-Leading Order (NLO) spin-orbit potential as well as LO potentials in the parity-odd channels. Preliminary results at the almost physical pion and kaon masses, in addition to exploratory studies on three-nucleon potentials, are presented. Interactions between generic baryons including hyperons, made of one or more strange quarks as well as up and down quarks, have also been investigated. Universal properties of potentials between baryons become manifest in the flavor SU(3) symmetric limit, where masses of three quarks, up, down and strange, are all equal. In particular, it is observed that one bound state, traditionally called the $H$-dibaryon, appears in the flavor singlet representation of SU(3). A fate of the $H$ dibaryon is also discussed with flavor SU(3) breaking taken into account at the almost physical point. Finally, various kinds of dibaryons, bound or resonate states of two baryons, including charmed dibaryons, have been predicted by lattice QCD simulations at the almost physical point.
description: 29 pages and 14 figures, Contribution to "Handbook of Nuclear Physics" (Springer, 2023)
Interaction induced edge states in HgTe/CdTe Quantum Well under magnetic field
Creators: name: Chen, Zewei
name: Ng, Tai Kai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we study doped HgTe/CdTe quantum well with Hubbard-type interaction under perpendicular magnetic field using a lattice Bernevig-Hughes-Zhang (BHZ) model with a bulk inversion asymmetry (BIA) term. We show that the BIA term is strongly enhanced by interaction around the region when the band inversion of the topological insulator is destroyed by a magnetic field. The enhanced BIA term creates edge-like electronic states which can explain the experimentally discovered edge conductance in doped HgTe/CdTe quantum well at similar magnetic field regime.
description: 8 pages and 7 figures
Inflationary expansion of the universe with variable timescale
Creators: name: Musmarra, Juan Ignacio
name: Anabitarte, Mariano
name: Bellini, Mauricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore a cosmological model in which the time scale is variable with the expansion of the universe and the effective spacetime is driven by the inflaton field. An example is considered and their predictions are contrasted between Planck 2018 data. We calculate the spectrum indices and the slow-rolling parameters of the effective potential. The results are in very good agreement with observations.
description: Version accepted in Eur. Phys. J. C
Product of Expansive Markov Maps with Hole
Creators: name: Haritha, C
name: Agarwal, N
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37A05

description: We consider product of expansive Markov maps on an interval with hole which is conjugate to a subshift of finite type. For certain class of maps, it is known that the escape rate into a given hole does not just depend on its size but also on its position in the state space. We illustrate this phenomenon for maps considered here. We compare the escape rate into a connected hole and a hole which is a union of holes with a certain property, but have same measure. This gives rise to some interesting combinatorial problems.
description: 13 figures
title: Wie die genutzten Nachrichtenquellen das Wissen beeinflussen
title: Eine vergleichende Untersuchung von Nutzer*innen traditioneller und digitaler Medien
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Berger, Theresa
name: Stehrer, Sandra
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Digital news sources such as online media or social media are increasingly replacing traditional news sources such as television or newspapers. Despite today's more intensive use of social media, users of traditional media acquire more background knowledge and more in-depth information about news topics than users of digital media. According to previous studies, users of print media have a higher level of news knowledge than social media users. The evaluation of the Digital News Reports from 2020 and the findings of a self-generated online survey showed the same results. The more frequently print media is used, the higher the news knowledge. Conversely, higher social media use also results in lower news knowledge. Users of traditional media are also more interested in news, but users of digital media have a higher frequency of use.
description: Digitale Nachrichtenquellen wie Online-Medien oder Social Media lösen die traditionellen Nachrichtenquellen wie Fernsehen oder Zeitungen immer mehr ab. Trotz der häufig intensiveren Social-Media-Nutzung eignen sich die Nutzer*innen traditioneller Medien mehr Hintergrundwissen und tiefgründigere Informationen über Nachrichtenthemen an als Nutzer*innen digitaler Medien. User von Printmedien haben laut früherer Studien ein höheres Nachrichtenwissen als Social-Media-Nutzer*innen. Die Auswertung der Digital News Reports aus dem Jahr 2020 und die Ergebnisse einer selbst durchgeführten Online-Umfrage haben dieselben Resultate gezeigt. Je häufiger Printmedien genutzt werden, desto höher ist das Nachrichtenwissen. Auch umgekehrt ergibt eine höhere Social-Media-Nutzung ein geringeres Nachrichtenwissen. Nutzer*innen traditioneller Medien sind außerdem nachrichteninteressierter, jedoch weisen dafür Nutzer*innen digitaler Medien eine höhere Nutzungshäufigkeit auf.
“Vital effects" in the 13C-18O clumped isotopic composition of marine macro-invertebrates: exploring biologically mediated disequilibrium effects in echinoids and cephalopods
Creators: name: Davies, Amelia Jane
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: The stable oxygen isotopic composition of marine carbonate has historically been widely used for paleoclimate reconstruction (Emiliani 1955; Zachos 2001). This technique however applies an a priori assumption of δ18O of the seawater. Furthermore, while the stable oxygen isotopic composition of some taxa faithfully reflects both the temperature and the δ18Oseawater other taxa show specific discrepancies known as “vital effects” (Epstein et al. 1951). The carbonate clumped isotope paleothermometer examines thermodynamically dependent “clumping” of 13C and 18O within the carbonate crystal lattice. This allows calculation of carbonate formation temperature independent of the δ18O of seawater (Ghosh et al. 2006; Eiler 2007). Initially inorganic and biogenic calibrations of the clumped isotope thermometer appeared reasonably congruent (Eiler 2011, Ghosh et al. 2006; Tripati et al. 2010a). Further studies however revealed vital effects in the clumped isotopic composition of corals (Thiagarajan et al. 2011; Saenger et al. 2012) with potential vital effects indicated in molluscs (Henkes et al. 2013). In this study we assess how robust the clumped isotope thermometer is to biologically mediated non-equilibrium precipitation (vital effects) by (1) measuring the clumped isotope composition of the previously uninvestigated echinoderm group and (2) verifying and further quantifying offsets in the clumped isotope composition of modern cephalopod molluscs. This aim necessitated further refinements CO2 purification for clumped isotope analysis, also presented within this thesis. The results of this thesis indicate that non-equilibrium signatures in the clumped isotope composition of biogenic materials are more common than initially assumed (Eiler, 2011). Furthermore the manifestation of vital effects does not to occur by a single mechanism, but varies dependent on biomineralization pathway. This has significant implications for the way in which the clumped isotope composition of biogenic carbonate is used in paleoclimate reconstruction. We can no longer unreservedly assume equilibrium precipitation in the 13C-18O composition of biogenic carbonate necessitating the creation of group specific calibrations using modern genera prior to the use of previously unmeasured groups in paloeclimatic reconstruction. Small non-equilibirum offsets in the 13C-18O compositions in echinoids may be corrected. Nautili however display inter-individual variation in 13C-18O such that correction for non-equilbirum effects may be not be possible, precluding the use of the clumped isotopic composition of groups such as the ammonites in paleoclimatic reconstruction.
title: Biden vs. Trump und CNN vs. Fox News?
title: Eine qualitative Inhaltsanalyse der Online-Wahlkampfberichterstattung zur US-Präsidentschaftswahl 2020
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Weiderer, Anne-Theresa
name: Gómez Neumann, Anne Marie
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: FOS: Media and communications
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Die Studie untersucht anhand einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse die Wahlkampfberichterstattung zur US-Präsidentschaftswahl 2020. Die Analyse zieht die fünf am häufigsten genutzten US-Nachrichtenseiten heran: CNN, Fox News, Huffington Post, New York Times sowie Washington Post. Der Fokus lag auf der Parteilichkeit in der Berichterstattung der ein-zelnen Medien. Untersucht wurde die Berichterstattung im Zeitraum vom 25. Juli 2020 bis zum 31. Oktober 2020. Das Sample bestand aus 40 Artikeln mit acht Berichten pro Medium. Theoretisch basiert die Arbeit auf der Framing Theorie nach Entman. Die Parteilichkeit wird mit Frames gemessen, die aus vorangegangenen Studien abgeleitet wurden. Erfasst wurden insbesondere die unterschiedlichen Darstellungsweisen der Kandidaten und Parteien in den einzelnen Medien. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Darstellung von Trump und Biden sich in den untersuchten Medienmarken unterscheidet. Während Journalist*innen über Trump und die Republikaner eher negativ bis neutral berichtet haben, stellen die meisten Artikel Biden und die Demokraten eher positiv bis neutral dar. Gravierende Unterschiede in der Berichterstattung zwischen den Nachrichtenseiten lassen sich vor allem in der Pro-Trump Berichterstattung von Fox News feststellen.
description: This qualitative content analysis examines the 2020 US-presidential election campaign reporting. The analysis considers the five most relevant online news sites for the US-citizens. According to the Digital News Report data of 2020, the most frequently used online news sites are: CNN, Fox News, Huffington Post, New York Times and Washington Post. The reporting was examined between July 25th and October 31st 2020. A sample of 40 articles, with eight articles from each of the five news sites, was analysed. The focus was on the partiality, for either Trump and the Republicans or Biden and the Democrats, in the various media. The partiality was measured with frames, derived from earlier studies with similar themes. Especially the different portrayals of the two candidates Biden and Trump and their parties was an important indication for the partiality in the news coverage. The results show that Trump and his Republicans were portrayed far more negatively than Biden and the Democrats in certain media. The latter were shown more neutral or positive. The most serious partiality effects were noted on Fox News reporting on Donald Trump.
title: Geschlechterrepräsentationen in  Nachrichtenmedien
title: Ein Werkstattbericht zum Global Media Monitoring Project 2020
titleType: Subtitle
title: Gender representations in news media: A workshop report on the Global Media Monitoring Project 2020.
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Schulze, Lisa
name: Herbst, Liesa
name: Holzinger, Roland
name: Klinglmayr, Theresa
name: Siegel, Linda
Publisher: name: University of Salzburg
Year: 2021

description: A team of Salzburg researchers joined the Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) for the third time in a row. The GMMP is conducted every five years and ranks as the largest international long-term study examining the quantitative and qualitative representation of women, men and persons of other genders in different news media.
This report outlines the structure and process of this international research project from the perspective of a national research group and addresses the methodological challenges that arose in the implementation of the standardised guidelines within the actual research process. Furthermore, this report theoretically locates the GMMP in the context of studies on gender representation within the German-speaking context and critically reflects on the researchers’ own experiences.

description: Das Global Media Monitoring Project (GMMP) gilt als eine der größten internationalen Langzeitstudien zur qualitativen und quantitativen Repräsentation von Frauen, Män-nern sowie Personen anderer Geschlechter in Nachrichtenmedien. Bereits zum dritten Mal in Folge beteiligte sich ein Team aus Salzburger Forscher*innen am GMMP und untersuchte die österreichische Nachrichtenberichterstattung. Ziel dieses Werkstattbe-richts des Salzburger Forscher*innenteams ist es, abseits konkreter Ergebnisse, den Forschungsprozess einer internationalen kommunikationswissenschaftlichen Studie offenzulegen, Anhaltspunkte für forschungsbezogene Entscheidungen bereitzustellen und Informationsgrundlagen im Hinblick auf die Beteiligung an länderübergreifenden Forschungsprojekten zu liefern. Nach einer Verortung der GMMP-Erhebung für Öster-reich innerhalb der deutschsprachigen Geschlechterrepräsentationsforschung werden der organisatorische Aufbau und Ablauf des Forschungsprojekts und das Methodende-sign vorgestellt und hinsichtlich forschungspraktischer Herausforderungen diskutiert.
Additional file 1: of Severely malnourished children with a low weight-for-height have a higher mortality than those with a low mid-upper-arm-circumference: I. Empirical data demonstrates Simpsonâ s paradox
Creators: name: Grellety, Emmanuel
name: Golden, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Regional grouping of data from countries for meta-analysis. (DOCX 12 kb)
Coherent phonons in plasmonic nanostructures and surface phonon polariton resonators for enhanced light-matter interaction in the mid-IR
Creators: name: Berté, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: Light exhibits a rich set of phenomena when interacting with matter, making it an invaluable tool for fundamental research and also for technological applications. However, in many instances, the size mismatch between matter components and the localization of light with conventional optical elements hampers a more fruitful exploitation of this interaction. The excitation of plasmon polaritons in metals enables us to circumvent the limits in the light localization imposed by far-ﬁeld diﬀraction. Nevertheless, the light conﬁnement at optical frequencies in plasmonic systems requires the storage of energy in the motion of free-electrons, which are subject to unavoidable ohmic losses. At lower frequencies, the large negative real permittivity of metals leads to a poor conﬁnement of the near-ﬁeld radiation. The high losses impede the application of plasmonic systems in the transmission and the guiding of sub-diﬀraction optical modes. Additionally, the poor conﬁnement at longer wavelengths limits the study and the application of enhanced molecular sensing which requires spatial and spectral overlap between conﬁned modes and vibrational transitions in chemical species. Thus, the search for alternative materials that can provide sub-diﬀraction light conﬁnement with low losses across the electromagnetic spectrum becomes a major goal in nanophotonics research. In this thesis we explore how the fast electronic relaxation processes related to losses in plasmonic systems can be used to generate coherent acoustic phonons of tailored frequency and amplitude in metallic nanoantennas subject to dielectric mechanical constraints. The damping of coherent phonons through emission of surface acoustic waves (SAWs) is also explored, where narrow-frequency mechanical modulation of plasmonic resonances via the emitted SAWs is shown possible. Finally, we investigate the potential of sub-diﬀraction surface phonon polariton resonances in polar dielectric materials as an alternative to plasmonic systems for sensing in the mid-infrared range, where the detection of sub-nanometric ﬁlm thicknesses is achieved.
Zoom-SVD: Fast and Memory Efficient Method for Extracting Key Patterns in an Arbitrary Time Range
Creators: name: Jang, Jun-Gi
name: Choi, Dongjin
name: Jung, Jinhong
name: Kang, U
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given multiple time series data, how can we efficiently find latent patterns in an arbitrary time range? Singular value decomposition (SVD) is a crucial tool to discover hidden factors in multiple time series data, and has been used in many data mining applications including dimensionality reduction, principal component analysis, recommender systems, etc. Along with its static version, incremental SVD has been used to deal with multiple semi infinite time series data and to identify patterns of the data. However, existing SVD methods for the multiple time series data analysis do not provide functionality for detecting patterns of data in an arbitrary time range: standard SVD requires data for all intervals corresponding to a time range query, and incremental SVD does not consider an arbitrary time range. In this paper, we propose Zoom-SVD, a fast and memory efficient method for finding latent factors of time series data in an arbitrary time range. Zoom-SVD incrementally compresses multiple time series data block by block to reduce the space cost in storage phase, and efficiently computes singular value decomposition (SVD) for a given time range query in query phase by carefully stitching stored SVD results. Through extensive experiments, we demonstrate that Zoom-SVD is up to 15x faster, and requires 15x less space than existing methods. Our case study shows that Zoom-SVD is useful for capturing past time ranges whose patterns are similar to a query time range.
description: 10 pages, 2018 ACM Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM 2018)
Finding Person Relations in Image Data of the Internet Archive
Creators: name: Müller-Budack, Eric
name: Pustu-Iren, Kader
name: Diering, Sebastian
name: Ewerth, Ralph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The multimedia content in the World Wide Web is rapidly growing and contains valuable information for many applications in different domains. For this reason, the Internet Archive initiative has been gathering billions of time-versioned web pages since the mid-nineties. However, the huge amount of data is rarely labeled with appropriate metadata and automatic approaches are required to enable semantic search. Normally, the textual content of the Internet Archive is used to extract entities and their possible relations across domains such as politics and entertainment, whereas image and video content is usually neglected. In this paper, we introduce a system for person recognition in image content of web news stored in the Internet Archive. Thus, the system complements entity recognition in text and allows researchers and analysts to track media coverage and relations of persons more precisely. Based on a deep learning face recognition approach, we suggest a system that automatically detects persons of interest and gathers sample material, which is subsequently used to identify them in the image data of the Internet Archive. We evaluate the performance of the face recognition system on an appropriate standard benchmark dataset and demonstrate the feasibility of the approach with two use cases.
Dependence of the Frequency of the Kilohertz Quasi-Periodic Oscillations on X-ray Count Rate and Colors in 4U 1608-52
Creators: name: Mendez, Mariano
name: van der Klis, Michiel
name: Ford, Eric C.
name: Wijnands, Rudy
name: van Paradijs, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new results based on observations carried out with the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer during the decay of an outburst of the low-mass X-ray binary (LMXB) and atoll source 4U 1608-52. Our results appear to resolve, at least in 4U 1608-52, one of the long-standing issues about the phenomenology of the kilohertz quasi-periodic oscillations (kHz QPOs), namely, the lack of a unique relation between the frequency of the kHz QPOs and the X-ray flux. We show that despite its complex dependence on the X-ray flux, the frequency of the kHz QPOs is monotonically related to the position of the source in the color-color diagram. Our findings strengthen the idea that, as in the case of Z sources, in the atoll sources the X-ray flux is not a good indicator of $\dot M$, and that the observed changes in the frequency of the kHz QPOs in LMXBs are driven by changes in $\dot M$. These results raise some concern about the recently reported detection of the orbital frequency at the innermost stable orbit in 4U 1820-30.
description: Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters. Uses AAS LaTex v4.0 (5 pages plus 4 postscript figures)
Columba turbita Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Columbiformes
Columbidae
Columba
Columba turbita

description: Columba turbita [spec. nov.]
C. pennis in pectore recurvatis.
Columba turbita dicta. Raj. av. 60. Will. orn. 132.
Habitat ...
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 162, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206