cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-resolution optical spectroscopy of the post-AGB supergiant V340 Ser (=IRAS 17279$-$1119)
Creators: name: Klochkova, V. G.
name: Panchuk, V. E.
name: Tavolzhanskaya, N. S.
name: Yushkin, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some evidences of wind variability and velocity stratification in the extended atmosphere has been found in the spectra of the supergiant V340 Ser (=IRAS 17279$-$1119) taken at the 6-m BTA telescope with a spectral resolution R$\ge$60000. The H$α$ line has a P Cyg profile whose absorption component (V=+34 km/s) is formed in the upper layers of the expanding atmosphere close to the circumstellar environment. For four dates the mean velocity has been derived from the positions of 300-550 symmetric metal absorptions with an accuracy better than $\pm0.1$ km/s: Vr=59.30, 60.09, 58.46, and 55.78 km/s. A lot of low-excitation metal lines have an inverse P Cyg profile. The mean positions of their emission components, Vr=46.3$\pm$0.4 km/s, differ systematically from the velocity inferred from symmetric absorptions, suggesting the presence of a velocity gradient in the supergiant extended atmosphere. The multicomponent profile of the NaI D-lines contains the interstellar, Vr=-11.2 km/s, and circumstellar, Vr=+10 km/s, components and the component forming in the upper atmospheric layers, Vr=+34.0 km/s. The mean velocity from 20-30 diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) identified in the spectra, Vr(DIBs)=-11.6$\pm0.2$ km/s, agrees with the velocity from interstellar NaI and KI components. The equivalent width of the oxygen triplet W(7774)=1.25 A corresponds to an absolute magnitude of the star Mv$\approx-4.6^m$, which, taking into account the total (interstellar+circumstellar) extinction, leads to a distance to the star d$\approx$2.3 kpc.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures
Entrevista al doctor Víctor Navarro Remesal sobre la cultura de los videojuegos
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 460799
subject: Graphics, augmented reality and games not elsewhere classified

description: Esta entrevista hecha al doctor Víctor Navarro Remesal pretende resolver la interrogante de cuál es la función que ha tenido siempre la cultura de los videojuegos en la sociedad. Para ello, el especialista responderá con conocimientos prácticos de la realidad. Es más, confrontará los teoremas vigentes de los Game Studies, los cuales buscan esa interacción de lo lúdico con lo social.
Galaxy Image Translation with Semi-supervised Noise-reconstructed Generative Adversarial Networks
Creators: name: Lin, Qiufan
name: Fouchez, Dominique
name: Pasquet, Jérôme
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Image-to-image translation with Deep Learning neural networks, particularly with Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs), is one of the most powerful methods for simulating astronomical images. However, current work is limited to utilizing paired images with supervised translation, and there has been rare discussion on reconstructing noise background that encodes instrumental and observational effects. These limitations might be harmful for subsequent scientific applications in astrophysics. Therefore, we aim to develop methods for using unpaired images and preserving noise characteristics in image translation. In this work, we propose a two-way image translation model using GANs that exploits both paired and unpaired images in a semi-supervised manner, and introduce a noise emulating module that is able to learn and reconstruct noise characterized by high-frequency features. By experimenting on multi-band galaxy images from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) and the Canada France Hawaii Telescope Legacy Survey (CFHT), we show that our method recovers global and local properties effectively and outperforms benchmark image translation models. To our best knowledge, this work is the first attempt to apply semi-supervised methods and noise reconstruction techniques in astrophysical studies.
description: Accepted at ICPR 2020
How to Generate Repeatable Keys Using Physical Unclonable Functions: Correcting PUF Errors with Iteratively Broadening and Prioritized Search
Creators: name: Price, Nathan
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: cryptographic key generation
cryptography
entropy
error correction
FPGA
Physical Unclonable Function (PUF)

description: I present an algorithm for repeatably generating keys using entropy from a physical unclonable function (PUF). PUFs are logically identical devices with challenge- response pairs unique to each device. PUF errors inhibit key repeatability. My algorithm corrects PUF errors, enabling repeatable cryptographic key generation. Repeatedly sampling the PUF and correcting errors with prioritized iteratively broadening and exhaustive search recreate seeds. Repeated sampling determines the most likely bit values and error probabilities. The search ends if a test indicates the seed is correct. The iteratively broadening search tests seeds with up to two errors. The exhaustive search tests seeds until the correct seed is found or failure is declared. PUF bit error rates prioritizes the searches. Previous algorithms often omit noisy PUF bits or use error correcting code and helper data. The presented algorithm uses all PUF bits regardless of noise. Non-volatile data for key regeneration is either a plaintext-ciphertext sample or, for public-key cryptography, the public key. I implemented a latch-based PUF on FPGAs and measured PUF characteristics to analyze the effectiveness of the algorithm. Tests show repeated sampling nearly eliminating the probability of errors. However, the FPGA-based PUFs did not exhibit ideal behavior. Extrapolation to error rates reported by other publications shows relatively few samples drives the error probability to near zero. The probability is not zero. The iterative broadening and exhaustive searches further reduce failure rates.
New Solutions for the Planetary Dynamics in HD160691 using a Newtonian Model and Latest Data
Creators: name: Short, D.
name: Windmiller, G.
name: Orosz, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we present several new three and four-planet solutions based on the most current available radial velocity data for HD160691 ($μ$Ara). These solutions are optimised using the Planetary Orbit Fitting Process (POFP) which is programmed and executed in MATLAB. POFP is based on a full integration of the system's multiple-body Newtonian equations of motion and on a multi level optimisation utilizing a variety of algorithms. The POFP solutions are presented in the context of the Keplerian-based solutions already appearing in the literature which we have reproduced here for comparison. The different solutions and their properties are compared over all data sets separately and combined. The new solutions do not seem to exhibit instabilities and are both co-planar and three-dimensional. We also provide a comparative prediction of the published and new solutions showing their diversion in the near future. In the short term, this projection will allow to choose between the variety of solutions as further observations are made.
description: Letter, accepted by MNRAS Feb 2008
Variation in germination, in responce to salinity and waterlogging and the link with seed tree habitat of ten australian native species
Creators: name: Gray, Suzzanne Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018

description: It was observed over several years of monitoring Landcare plantings that a number of locally-occurring native species showed variation in seedling establishment, particularly on degraded soils in the Upper Shoalhaven Catchment, a region of extreme frost. The variation appeared to be linked to different seed source locations. The question arose of whether habitat adaptation was occurring and, if it was leading to biodiversity within local species. This was key information needed for seed source selection in rehabilitation projects, for degraded soils on the Southern Tablelands of NSW. The primary aim of this research project was to investigate whether or not habitat differences in parent trees could be linked to measurable differences in the waterlogging and salinity tolerances of their progeny. The germination experiment was proposed as a method for investigating variation within local species, measuring germination rates under six different treatments of salinity and waterlogging. Populations of ten native tree and shrub species were selected for trial and seed was sourced from seven different habitat types in the Upper Shoalhaven Catchment and neighbouring areas, within a 100km radius of Braidwood, NSW. Glasshouse experiments were conducted over a six week period, from November to December. Experiments included a saline treatment with addition of a biofertiliser called 'PuraCast', a microbiologically active liquid, derived from worm castings. Species investigated were: Eucalyptus ovata, E.pauciflora, E.dives, E.blakelyi, E.aggregata, Acacia melanoxylon, A.decurrens, Casuarina littoralis, C.stricta, Leptospermum flavescens. There was a highly significant difference found between parent tree habitat and the germination response of progeny, particularly to treatments of medium salinity, waterlogging and waterlogging with salinity (P<0.001 in most cases). There was a moderately significant interaction between treatment and parent habitat type, with highly saline habitats, waterlogged and acidic soils producing seedlings tolerant of high salinity and combination treatments (P<0.05). Response to the biofertiliser was varied and further research is warranted for all of the above.
Gleaning Bat Wing Morphology Using a Bag-of-Patterns Representation
Creators: name: Weinstein, Shayna
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Bat flight
Machine Learning
Supervised learning
Unstructured data

description: We present research exploring the suitability of representing bat flight data as a bag-of-patterns for the purpose of training machine learning classifiers to predict bat flight speed. Bats are the only mammals capable of sustained flight and they make use of efficient flight strategies different from other flying animals. Today, a great effort is being made to understand the aerodynamic and kinematic characteristics of the wing as they may provide novel inspiration for aircraft design. In order to gain further insight into the characteristics of bat flight, we used the Symbolic Aggregate approXimation (SAX) algorithm. SAX produces a discrete representation of a time series, generating a bag (collection) of SAX words (local patterns). Researchers at Brown University recorded 3D locations of seventeen markers placed on joints along the bat wing of six species in flight in either a wind tunnel or flight corridor. We applied the SAX algorithm to a dataset of 104 bat flight runs, a new domain. Our experiments revealed that applying the SAX algorithm to the bat flight data does yield good representations for using classification algorithms to find structure in the data. Experiments also reveal that the markers along the leading edge of the wing are most significant in determining the speed of the flight.
Probing hidden-bottom pentaquarks in fixed-target collisions at the LHC
Creators: name: Xie, Ya-Ping
name: Goncalves, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the possibility of searching for the hidden-bottom pentaquark states in photon-induced interactions at the LHC. We consider the presence of the $P_b$ resonance in the $s$-channel of the $γp \rightarrow Υp$ reaction and estimate its contribution for the exclusive $Υ$ photoproduction in the fixed-target mode of the LHC. Predictions for the total cross sections, rapidity and transverse momentum distributions are derived using the STARlight Monte Carlo considering $Pb-p$, $Pb-He$ and $Pb-Ar$ fixed-target collisions at the LHC. Our results indicate that the presence of the $P_b$ resonance implies an enhancement in the rapidity distribution in the kinematical range covered by the LHCb detector. We demonstrate that the $P_b$ contribution for the $Υ$ photoproduction becomes dominant if kinematical cuts are imposed on the rapidity and transverse momentum of the final state. These results indicate that an experimental analysis of the $Υ$ photoproduction in fixed-target collisions can provide complementary and independent checks of the existence of these states, and help to understand their underlying nature.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.10886
Imperfect Learning in Video Game Artificial Intelligence
Creators: name: Burdeyny, Alisa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: AI
Learning
Video Games

description: Video game AI to this day is a series of hardcoded responses to situations that may arise during the course of the game. As the game becomes more complex, the difficulty of coding such an AI increases as well. Other methods of creating a viable AI, such as neural networks, are being explored, but none are in use in commercial games today. While they are being explored, neural networks are mostly used for pre-teaching before the game goes out on the market. Neural networks that continuously learned could provide an interesting and unique experience for the player every playthrough, learning new methods each time so the game did not become stale. However, the AI could quickly become too good, making the game impossible and uninteresting. Our goal is to use the theory behind real-time learning using neural networks in games while ensuring that the player is kept engaged. To do this, we employed a GA for learning and two different methods of unlearning. This unlearning keeps the AI hovering at approximately the player's level, never becoming so good it is unkillable while still providing a challenge. The first method is a simple probability of the GA picking the worse child as opposed to the better one. The other method is an altered version of simulated annealing in which the AI never reaches a best state. Both methods worked well for adjusting to a player gradually getting better or worse, although sudden jumps in skill were more difficult to adjust to.
Identification and Structural Characterization of a High-Affinity Nucleocapsid Protein Binding Site within the Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV) RNA packaging Signal
Creators: name: Yildiz, Fatma Zehra
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV)
Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC)
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (NMR)
Nucleocapsid Protein (NC)
Retroviruses
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)

description: Retroviral genome recognition is mediated by the nucleocapsid (NC) domain of the virally encoded Gag polyprotein, which interacts with cognate RNA packaging elements that typically reside within the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR) of the genome. Recent studies suggest that the packaging signal of Bovine Leukemia Virus (BLV), a member of the human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV)/BLV family and a non-primate animal model for HTLV-induced leukemogenesis, comprises elements that reside within both the 5'-UTR and gag open reading frame. The recombinant BLV NC protein has been prepared and purified. Electrophoretic mobility shift and isothermal titration calorimetry studies with RNA fragments corresponding to these proposed packaging elements have been conducted.  The gag-derived RNAs did not exhibit significant affinity for NC, suggesting an alternate role in packaging. However, an 83-nucleotide fragment of the 5'-UTR that resides just upstream of the gag start codon binds NC stoichiometrically and with high affinity (Kd = 136 +/- 21 nM). These nucleotides were predicted to form tandem hairpin structures, and studies with smaller fragments indicate that the NC binding site resides exclusively within the distal hairpin (stem-loop VI, SLVI, residues G369-U399, Kd = 67 +/- 8 nM at physiological ionic strength). Structural studies by NMR show that SLVI does not contain a single exposed guanosine, but instead contains an apical CUC loop, a bulged C, and a larger CAUUU loop. SLVI adopts a three dimensional structure, in which the upper and the lower stems stack end to end, the CAUUU loop adopts an S-turn like conformation and the residue A389 forms long range base interactions in the major groove of the lower stem effectively stapling the two helical segments together. Unlike all other structurally characterized retroviral NC binding RNAs, SLVI does not contain any exposed guanosines, suggesting that RNA binding may be mediated by a previously uncharacterized mechanism.
Characterization of Natural Genetic Variation Underlying Age-Specific Changes in Immunity Using Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Felix, Tashauna M.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2010
Subjects: aging
functional senescence
immune response
microarray
natural genetic variation
quantitative genetics

description: Senescence is reflected in the age-related functional decline of many physiological traits.  One trait that shows age-related decline across a broad range of organisms is the immune response.   While extensive work on mammalian systems has revealed the cellular and physiological hallmarks of age-related declines in immunity, we currently know very little about the genetic basis of this decline.  Earlier work in our lab, using Drosophila s derived from a natural population, has demonstrated genetic variation in the age-specific immune function.  The major goals of this project were to confirm the effect of age on the variation in immune function, characterize genetic variation in age-specific immune response, explore the extent to which the transcriptional response to infection plays in clearing an infection and identify candidate genes that contribute to the natural variation in age-associated changes in the innate immune response.  Next, functional characterization experiments were conducted on three candidates genes that were found to associate with variation in immune response at 4 weeks of age.  Lastly, gene co-expression networks were used as an alternative approach for identifying genes involved in age-associated changes in the innate immune response.  This work has provided novel candidate genes involved in the age-related changes in immune function as well as genes that explain age-specific variation in immune function.
Broad-band selection, spectroscopic identification, and physical properties of a population of extreme emission line galaxies at 3
Creators: name: Onodera, Masato
name: Shimakawa, Rhythm
name: Suzuki, Tomoko L.
name: Tanaka, Ichi
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Hayashi, Masao
name: Kodama, Tadayuki
name: Koyama, Yusei
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the selection, spectroscopic identification, and physical properties of extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) at $33$ with intense [OIII] emission, and H$α$ emitters at $z\simeq 2$, respectively. These spectroscopically identified EELGs at $z\simeq 3.3$ show, on average, higher specific star formation rates (sSFR) than the star-forming main sequence, low dust attenuation of $E(B-V) \lesssim 0.1$ mag, and high [OIII]/[OII] ratios of $\gtrsim 3$. We also find that our EELGs at $z\simeq 3.3$ have higher hydrogen ionizing photon production efficiencies ($ξ_\mathrm{ion}$) than the canonical value ($\simeq 10^{25.2}$ Hz/erg), indicating that they are efficient in ionizing their surrounding interstellar medium. These physical properties suggest that they are low metallicity galaxies with higher ionization parameters and harder UV spectra than normal SFGs, which is similar to galaxies with Lyman continuum (LyC) leakage. Among our EELGs, those with the largest [OIII]/[OII] and EW([OIII]) values would be the most promising candidates to search for LyC leakage.
description: 29 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
SPRING: a next-generation compressor for FASTQ data
Creators: name: Shubham Chandak
name: Kedar Tatwawadi
name: Ochoa, Idoia
name: Hernaez, Mikel
name: Tsachy Weissman
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: We discuss compression of FASTQ files which store raw genomic reads along with the associate read identifiers and quality values. We describe SPRING, a practical FASTQ compressor that achieves significantly better compression than previous tools, while supporting a variety of modes and features.

SPRING is available at https://github.com/shubhamchandak94/SPRING.
Non-differentiable Skew Convolution Semigroups and Related Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Processes
Creators: name: Dawson, Donald A.
name: Li, Zenghu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J35

description: It is proved that a general non-differentiable skew convolution semigroup associated with a strongly continuous semigroup of linear operators on a real separable Hilbert space can be extended to a differentiable one on the entrance space of the linear semigroup. A cadlag strong Markov process on an enlargement of the entrance space is constructed from which we obtain a realization of the corresponding Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process. Some explicit characterizations of the entrance spaces for special linear semigroups are given.
Deep optical observations contemporaneous with emission from the periodic FRB 180916.J0158+65
Creators: name: Kilpatrick, Charles D.
name: Burchett, Joseph N.
name: Jones, David O.
name: Margalit, Ben
name: McMillan, Russet
name: Fong, Wen-fai
name: Heintz, Kasper E.
name: Tejos, Nicolas
name: Escorial, Alicia Rouco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep Apache Point Observatory optical observations within seconds of the outburst of the periodic fast radio burst (FRB) 180916.J0158+65 obtained on 3 September 2020. FRB 180916.J0158+65 is located in a nearby spiral galaxy 150 Mpc away and has an "active phase" with a well-measured period of approximately 16.3 days. Targeting the FRB at the peak of its expected active phase and during a recent 30 minute observing window by the Canadian Hydrogen Intensity Mapping Experiment (CHIME), we did not detect any transient optical emission at m_i=24.7~mag (3-sigma) from 2.2 to 1938.1 seconds after the burst arrival time in optical bands (corrected for dispersion). Comparing our limiting magnitudes to models of a synchrotron maser formed in the circumburst environment of FRB 180916+J0158.65, we constrain scenarios where the burst energy was >1e44 erg and the circumburst density was >1e4 cm-3.
description: submitted to ApJL
Wormholes in 2d Horava-Lifshitz quantum gravity
Creators: name: Ambjorn, Jan
name: Hiraga, Yuki
name: Ito, Yoshiyasu
name: Sato, Yuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We quantize the two-dimensional projectable Horava-Lifshitz gravity with a bi-local as well as space-like wormhole interaction. The resulting quantum Hamiltonian coincides with the one obtained through summing over all genus in the string field theory for two-dimensional causal dynamical triangulations. This implies that our wormhole interaction can be interpreted as a splitting or joining interaction of one-dimensional strings.
description: 10 pages
Experimental study of wave interactions with slotted barriers
Creators: name: Premasiri, Sundaralingam
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis describes an investigation of the performance of vertical single and double wave barriers. An experimental investigation of the reflection and transmission of regular and irregular waves was carried out. Measurements from three wave probes were used to analyze the reflection coefficient using a least squares method. In the tests, the wave period, wave height, barrier immersion depth, and barrier porosity were varied in order to determine the relationship between the reflection and transmission coefficients and parameters describing incident wave and barrier characteristics, such as the immersion depth, the distance between barriers and the barrier porosity. The results show that the reflection and transmission coefficients are functions of wave length, immersion depth, distance between barriers and porosity. The frequency dependent transmission coefficient obtained from irregular wave tests was compared with those obtained in regular wave tests. Single barrier and double barrier results have also been compared with predictions based on available theoretical methods. The performance characteristics of single and double barriers have been compared, and it is found that there is a significant reduction in wave transmission in the case of double barrier, without a corresponding increase in wave reflection.
Scalable, Interactive, and Reproducible Data Mining of 3D Macromolecular Structures
Creators: name: Shih-Cheng Huang
name: Yu, Yue
name: Rose, Peter W
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: The Protein Data Bank (PDB) represents the core data resource for Structural Bioinformatics. The rapid growth of the PDB (> 150,000 structures) enables large-scale data mining, such as development of knowledge-based potentials, docking and scoring functions, and machine learning for protein structure and function prediction.

We have developed efficient data representations (MacroMolecular Transmission Format) and a scalable framework to mine the PDB using state-of-the-art Big Data Technologies (mmtf-pyspark). We have deployed applications of this framework in Jupyter Notebooks that are hosted on free public servers, including mybinder.org and CyVerse.org, enabling researchers to publish documented workflows that are reproducible and that can be re-run, modified, or used as starting-points for new structural analyses.

We present our approach of using Apache Spark and columnar data formats to scale structural analysis to enable the interactive exploration of the PDB archive, as well as scalable data integration.

We demonstrate these capabilities by creating representative subsets of the PDB for machine learning applications and the mapping and visualization of post-translational modifications from proteomics experiments (mmtf-proteomics) and genomic variations to 3D structures (mmtf-genomics) in the context of protein-protein/nucleic acid/ligand/drug interactions. We also cover best practices of deploying these workflows on public servers to enable reproducibility and reuse.
Almost Flat Angles in Surface Superconductivity
Creators: name: Correggi, Michele
name: Giacomelli, Emanuela L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Type-II superconductivity is known to persist close to the sample surface in presence of a strong magnetic field. As a consequence, the ground state energy in the Ginzburg-Landau theory is approximated by an effective one-dimensional model. As shown in [CG2], the presence of corners on the surface affects the energy of the sample with a non-trivial contribution. In [CG2], the two-dimensional model problem providing the corner energy is implicitly identified and, although no explicit dependence of the energy on the corner opening angle is derived, a conjecture about its form is proposed. We study here such a conjecture and confirm it, at least to leading order, for corners with almost flat opening angle.
description: 22 pages, pdfLaTex
Predictive Power of Strong Coupling in Theories with Large Distance Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider theories that modify gravity at cosmological distances, and show that any such theory must exhibit a strong coupling phenomenon, or else it is either inconsistent or is already ruled out by the solar system observations. We show that all the ghost-free theories that modify dynamics of spin-2 graviton on asymptotically flat backgrounds, automatically have this property. Due to the strong coupling effect, modification of the gravitational force is source-dependent, and for lighter sources sets in at shorter distances. This universal feature makes modified gravity theories predictive and potentially testable not only by cosmological observations, but also by precision gravitational measurements at scales much shorter than the current cosmological horizon. We give a simple parametrization of consistent large distance modified gravity theories and their predicted deviations from the Einsteinian metric near the gravitating sources.
description: 12 pages, Latex, to be published in New Journal of Physics
SPB stars in the open SMC cluster NGC 371
Creators: name: Karoff, C.
name: Arentoft, T.
name: Glowienka, L.
name: Coutures, C.
name: Nielsen, T. B.
name: Dogan, G.
name: Grundahl, F.
name: Kjeldsen, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsation in beta Cep and SPB stars are driven by the kappa mechanism which depends critically on the metallicity. It has therefore been suggested that beta Cep and SPB stars should be rare in the Magellanic Clouds which have lower metallicities than the solar neighborhood. To test this prediction we have observed the open SMC cluster NGC 371 for 12 nights in order to search for beta Cep and SPB stars. Surprisingly, we find 29 short-period B-type variables in the upper part of the main sequence, many of which are probably SPB stars. This result indicates that pulsation is still driven by the kappa mechanism even in low metallicity environments. All the identified variables have periods longer than the fundamental radial period which means that they cannot be beta Cep stars. Within an amplitude detection limit of 5 mmag no stars in the top of the HR-diagram show variability with periods shorter than the fundamental radial period. So if beta Cep stars are present in the cluster they oscillate with amplitudes below 5 mmag, which is significantly lower than the mean amplitude of beta Cep stars in the Galaxy. We see evidence that multimode pulsation is more common in the upper part of the main sequence than in the lower. We have also identified 5 eclipsing binaries and 3 periodic pulsating Be stars in the cluster field.
description: 8 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Superprocesses with Coalescing Brownian Spatial Motion as Large-Scale Limits
Creators: name: Dawson, Donald A.
name: Li, Zenghu
name: Zhou, Xiaowen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80

description: A superprocess with coalescing spatial motion is constructed in terms of one-dimensional excursions. Based on this construction, it is proved that the superprocess is purely atomic and arises as scaling limit of a special form of the superprocess with dependent spatial motion studied in Dawson {\it et al.} (2001) and Wang (1997, 1998).
Mass-Gaps and Spin Chains for (Super) Membranes
Creators: name: Agarwal, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for computing the non-perturbative mass-gap in the theory of Bosonic membranes in flat background spacetimes with or without background fluxes. The computation of mass-gaps is carried out using a matrix regularization of the membrane Hamiltonians. The mass gap is shown to be naturally organized as an expansion in a 'hidden' parameter, which turns out to be $\frac{1}{d}$: d being the related to the dimensionality of the background space. We then proceed to develop a large $N$ perturbation theory for the membrane/matrix-model Hamiltonians around the quantum/mass corrected effective potential. The same parameter that controls the perturbation theory for the mass gap is also shown to control the Hamiltonian perturbation theory around the effective potential. The large $N$ perturbation theory is then translated into the language of quantum spin chains and the one loop spectra of various Bosonic matrix models are computed by applying the Bethe ansatz to the one-loop effective Hamiltonians for membranes in flat space times. Apart from membranes in flat spacetimes, the recently proposed matrix models (hep-th/0607005) for non-critical membranes in plane wave type spacetimes are also analyzed within the paradigm of quantum spin chains and the Bosonic sectors of all the models proposed in (hep-th/0607005) are diagonalized at the one-loop level.
description: 36 Pages
FAUST II. Discovery of a Secondary Outflow in IRAS 15398-3359: Variability in Outflow Direction during the Earliest Stage of Star Formation?
Creators: name: Okoda, Yuki
name: Oya, Yoko
name: Francis, Logan
name: Johnstone, Doug
name: Inutsuka, Shu-ichiro
name: Ceccarelli, Cecilia
name: Codella, Claudio
name: Chandler, Claire
name: Sakai, Nami
name: Aikawa, Yuri
name: Alves, Felipe
name: Balucani, Nadia
name: Bianchi, Eleonora
name: Bouvier, Mathilde
name: Caselli, Paola
name: Caux, Emmanuel
name: Charnley, Steven
name: Choudhury, Spandan
name: De Simone, Marta
name: Dulieu, Francois
name: Durán, Aurora
name: Evans, Lucy
name: Favre, Cécile
name: Fedele, Davide
name: Feng, Siyi
name: Fontani, Francesco
name: Hama, Tetsuya
name: Hanawa, Tomoyuki
name: Herbst, Eric
name: Hirota, Tomoya
name: Imai, Muneaki
name: Isella, Andrea
name: Jímenez-Serra, Izaskun
name: Kahane, Claudine
name: Lefloch, Bertrand
name: Loinard, Laurent
name: López-Sepulcre, Ana
name: Maud, Luke T.
name: Maureira, Maria Jose
name: Menard, Francois
name: Mercimek, Seyma
name: Miotello, Anna
name: Moellenbrock, George
name: Mori, Shoji
name: Murillo, Nadia M.
name: Nakatani, Riouhei
name: Nomura, Hideko
name: Oba, Yasuhiro
name: O'Donoghue, Ross
name: Ohashi, Satoshi
name: Ospina-Zamudio, Juan
name: Pineda, Jaime
name: Podio, Linda
name: Rimola, Albert
name: Sakai, Takeshi
name: Cox, Dominique Segura
name: Shirley, Yancy
name: Svoboda, Brian
name: Taquet, Vianney
name: Testi, Leonardo
name: Vastel, Charlotte
name: Viti, Serena
name: Watanabe, Naoki
name: Watanabe, Yoshimasa
name: Witzel, Arezu
name: Xue, Ci
name: Zhang, Yichen
name: Zhao, Bo
name: Yamamoto, Satoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have observed the very low-mass Class 0 protostar IRAS 15398-3359 at scales ranging from 50 au to 1800 au, as part of the ALMA Large Program FAUST. We uncover a linear feature, visible in H2CO, SO, and C18O line emission, which extends from the source along a direction almost perpendicular to the known active outflow. Molecular line emission from H2CO, SO, SiO, and CH3OH further reveals an arc-like structure connected to the outer end of the linear feature and separated from the protostar, IRAS 15398-3359, by 1200 au. The arc-like structure is blue-shifted with respect to the systemic velocity. A velocity gradient of 1.2 km/s over 1200 au along the linear feature seen in the H2CO emission connects the protostar and the arc-like structure kinematically. SO, SiO, and CH3OH are known to trace shocks, and we interpret the arc-like structure as a relic shock region produced by an outflow previously launched by IRAS 15398-3359. The velocity gradient along the linear structure can be explained as relic outflow motion. The origins of the newly observed arc-like structure and extended linear feature are discussed in relation to turbulent motions within the protostellar core and episodic accretion events during the earliest stage of protostellar evolution.
From Luttinger liquid to Altshuler-Aronov anomaly in multi-channel quantum wires
Creators: name: Mora, Christophe
name: Egger, Reinhold
name: Altland, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crossover theory connecting Altshuler-Aronov electron-electron interaction corrections and Luttinger liquid behavior in quasi-1D disordered conductors has been formulated. Based on an interacting non-linear sigma model, we compute the tunneling density of states and the interaction correction to the conductivity, covering the full crossover.
description: 15 pages, 3 figures, revised version, accepted by PRB
On Spectral Triples in Quantum Gravity I
Creators: name: Aastrup, Johannes
name: Grimstrup, Jesper M.
name: Nest, Ryszard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper establishes a link between Noncommutative Geometry and canonical quantum gravity. A semi-finite spectral triple over a space of connections is presented. The triple involves an algebra of holonomy loops and a Dirac type operator which resembles a global functional derivation operator. The interaction between the Dirac operator and the algebra reproduces the Poisson structure of General Relativity. Moreover, the associated Hilbert space corresponds, up to a discrete symmetry group, to the Hilbert space of diffeomorphism invariant states known from Loop Quantum Gravity. Correspondingly, the square of the Dirac operator has, in terms of canonical quantum gravity, the form of a global area-squared operator. Furthermore, the spectral action resembles a partition function of Quantum Gravity. The construction is background independent and is based on an inductive system of triangulations. This paper is the first of two papers on the subject.
description: 84 pages, 8 figures
La revaloración de la práctica del boxeo y los óptimos resultados en la cultura peruana. Entrevista al campeón de boxeo Jonathan Maicelo
Creators: name: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321006
subject: Sport and exercise nutrition
classificationCode: 350405
subject: Sport and leisure management
classificationCode: 520107
subject: Sport and exercise psychology
classificationCode: 451618
subject: Pacific Peoples sport and physical activity
classificationCode: 420799
subject: Sports science and exercise not elsewhere classified

description: Delgado Del Aguila, Jesús Miguel (2024). «La revaloración de la práctica del boxeo y los óptimos resultados en la cultura peruana. Entrevista al campeón de boxeo Jonathan Maicelo», en: Edu-física.com. Revista de Ciencias Aplicadas del Deporte. Ibagué, Colombia: Universidad del Tolima. Vol. 16, n.° 34, septiembre, pp. 86-95. Disponible en https://revistas.ut.edu.co/index.php/edufisica/article/view/3570
Conditional Log-Laplace Functionals of Immigration Superprocesses with Dependent Spatial Motion
Creators: name: Li, Zenghu
name: Wang, Hao
name: Xiong, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J80

description: A non-critical branching immigration superprocess with dependent spatial motion is constructed and characterized as the solution of a stochastic equation driven by a time-space white noise and an orthogonal martingale measure. A representation of its conditional log-Laplace functionals is established, which gives the uniqueness of the solution and hence its Markov property. Some properties of the superprocess including an ergodic theorem are also obtained.
Intramolecular Cycloadditions of Dendralenes
Creators: name: Chiampanichayakul, Supanimit
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: [3]Dendralenes are synthetically useful building blocks in the rapid construction of polycyclic frameworks owing to their ability to undergo two consecutive Diels-Alder reactions (i.e. a diene-transmissive Diels-Alder sequence). Previous studies focused on the use of intermolecular cycloadditions in such sequences. Only six DTDA sequences involving at least one intramolecular reaction have been previously reported. This thesis focuses on the utilisation of one intramolecular Diels-Alder reaction in DTDA sequences of [3]dendralenes, and is comprised of four chapters. Chapter 1 presents a comprehensive review of intramolecular Diels-Alder reactions, which cover synthetic methodologies and applications in natural product syntheses. A short background, theoretical and stereochemical aspects of the reactions are discussed. The exploitation of type 1 and type 2 IMDA reactions in the construction of fused multicycles (i.e. 6,5- and 6,6-ring systems) is elaborated. The total synthesis of natural products the IMDA reactions is highlighted. Chapter 2 reviews previous syntheses, DTDA reactivity and stability of four types of dendralenes, namely, monosubstituted [3]dendralenes, monocyclic [3]dendralenes, heterosubstituted-[3]dendralenes and [3]dendralenes carrying two tethered dienophiles. Insights into the diene site selectivity, regioselectivity and diastereofacial selectivity of DTDA sequence are detailed. The final part of this chapter highlights natural products synthesised through DTDA and related sequences. Chapter 3 reports the first systematic investigation of intra-/intermolecular DTDA sequences of 1E-, 2- and 3'-substituted [3]dendralenes. IMDA precursors consist of two main reacting components: (1) the dendralene framework, which is constructed by cross-coupling reactions, and (2) the tethered dienophiles, which are installed using 1-lithio-1-methoxyallene and 3-lithio-1-trimethylsilyl-1-methoxyallene, respectively. This methodology enables the synthesis of structurally-diverse polycyclic frameworks i.e. sterane, D-homo sterane, A-nor sterane, podocarpane, helical tetracycles, 1,7-bridged tetracycle and 7,10-bridged tetracycles. Chapter 4 provides experimental procedures and spectroscopic characterisation of the synthesised compounds.
Switzerland
Creators: name: Tunger-Zanetti, Andreas
name: Schneuwly Purdie, Mallory
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: no abstract available
description: + ID der Publikation: unilu_46105 + Auflage: 1 + Titel der Reihe: Yearbook of Muslims in Europe + Sprache: Englisch + Bemerkungen: Berichtsjahr: 2018 + Letzte Aktualisierung: 2020-02-10 11:00:54
Effect of Coherence on Radiation Forces acting on a Rayleigh Dielectric Sphere
Creators: name: Wang, Li-Gang
name: Zhao, Cheng-Liang
name: Wang, Li-Qin
name: Lu, Xuan-Hui
name: Zhu, Shi-Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The radiation forces on a Rayleigh dielectric sphere induced by a partially coherent light beam are greatly affected by the coherence of the light beam. The magnitude of the radiation forces on a dielectric sphere near the focus point greatly decreases as the coherence decreases. For the light beam with good coherence, the radiation force may be used to trap a particle; and for the light beam with intermediate coherence, the radiation force may be used to guide and accelerate a particle.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Hidden Quantum Hall Stripes in Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As/Al$_{0.24}$Ga$_{0.76}$As Quantum Wells
Creators: name: Fu, X.
name: Huang, Yi
name: Shi, Q.
name: Shklovskii, B. I.
name: Zudov, M. A.
name: Gardner, G. C.
name: Manfra, M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on transport signatures of hidden quantum Hall stripe (hQHS) phases in high ($N > 2$) half-filled Landau levels of Al$_{x}$Ga$_{1-x}$As/Al$_{0.24}$Ga$_{0.76}$As quantum wells with varying Al mole fraction $x < 10^{-3}$. Residing between the conventional stripe phases (lower $N$) and the isotropic liquid phases (higher $N$), where resistivity decreases as $1/N$, these hQHS phases exhibit isotropic and $N$-independent resistivity. Using the experimental phase diagram we establish that the stripe phases are more robust than theoretically predicted, calling for improved theoretical treatment. We also show that, unlike conventional stripe phases, the hQHS phases do not occur in ultrahigh mobility GaAs quantum wells, but are likely to be found in other systems.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Dimensionalities of Weak Solutions in Hydrogenic Systems
Creators: name: Lopez-Castillo, A.
name: de Oliveira, Cesar R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A close inspection on the 3D hydrogen atom Hamiltonian revealed formal eigenvectors often discarded in the literature. Although not in its domain, such eigenvectors belong to the Hilbert space, and so their time evolution is well defined. They are then related to the 1D and 2D hydrogen atoms and it is numerically found that they have continuous components, so that ionization can take place.