cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deep learning on fundus images detects glaucoma beyond the optic disc
Creators: name: Hemelings, Ruben
name: Elen, Bart
name: Barbosa-Breda, João
name: Blaschko, Matthew B.
name: De Boever, Patrick
name: Stalmans, Ingeborg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although unprecedented sensitivity and specificity values are reported, recent glaucoma detection deep learning models lack in decision transparency. Here, we propose a methodology that advances explainable deep learning in the field of glaucoma detection and vertical cup-disc ratio (VCDR), an important risk factor. We trained and evaluated deep learning models using fundus images that underwent a certain cropping policy. We defined the crop radius as a percentage of image size, centered on the optic nerve head (ONH), with an equidistant spaced range from 10%-60% (ONH crop policy). The inverse of the cropping mask was also applied (periphery crop policy). Trained models using original images resulted in an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.94 [95% CI: 0.92-0.96] for glaucoma detection, and a coefficient of determination (R^2) equal to 77% [95% CI: 0.77-0.79] for VCDR estimation. Models that were trained on images with absence of the ONH are still able to obtain significant performance (0.88 [95% CI: 0.85-0.90] AUC for glaucoma detection and 37% [95% CI: 0.35-0.40] R^2 score for VCDR estimation in the most extreme setup of 60% ONH crop). Our findings provide the first irrefutable evidence that deep learning can detect glaucoma from fundus image regions outside the ONH.
title: SS22 Scientific Programming with Julia
Creators: name: Kandolf, Peter
name: Kusch, Jonas
name: Ehrensperger, Gregor
Publisher: name: Universität Innsbruck
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: FOS: Mathematics
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Julia introductory class for scientific programming that covers basic concepts of the language, data science and high performance code.
description: This page can be used to teach the basic concepts of Julia (v 1.7) with examples of data science and high performance computing applications
Quantum degenerate Fermi gas in an orbital optical lattice
Creators: name: Hachmann, M.
name: Kiefer, Y.
name: Riebesehl, J.
name: Eichberger, R.
name: Hemmerich, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-polarized samples and spin mixtures of quantum degenerate fermionic atoms are prepared in selected excited Bloch bands of an optical chequerboard square lattice. For the spin-polarized case, extreme band lifetimes above $10\,$s are observed, reflecting the suppression of collisions by Pauli's exclusion principle. For spin mixtures, lifetimes are reduced by an order of magnitude by two-body collisions between different spin components, but still remarkably large values of about one second are found. By analyzing momentum spectra, we can directly observe the orbital character of the optical lattice. The observations demonstrated here form the basis for exploring the physics of Fermi gases with two paired spin components in orbital optical lattices, including the regime of unitarity.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
The Rise Time of Type Ia Supernovae from the Supernova Legacy Survey
Creators: name: Conley, A.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Howes, A.
name: Sullivan, M.
name: Astier, P.
name: Balam, D.
name: Basa, S.
name: Carlberg, R. G.
name: Fouchez, D.
name: Guy, J.
name: Hook, I.
name: Neill, J. D.
name: Pain, R.
name: Perrett, K.
name: Pritchet, C. J.
name: Regnault, N.
name: Rich, J.
name: Taillet, R.
name: Aubourg, E.
name: Bronder, J.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Fabbro, S.
name: Filiol, M.
name: Borgne, D. Le
name: Palanque-Delabrouille, N.
name: Perlmutter, S.
name: Ripoche, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the rise times of nearby and distant Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) as a test for evolution using 73 high-redshift spectroscopically-confirmed SNe Ia from the first two years of the five year Supernova Legacy Survey (SNLS) and published observations of nearby SN. Because of the ``rolling'' search nature of the SNLS, our measurement is approximately 6 times more precise than previous studies, allowing for a more sensitive test of evolution between nearby and distant supernovae. Adopting a simple $t^2$ early-time model (as in previous studies), we find that the rest-frame $B$ rise times for a fiducial SN Ia at high and low redshift are consistent, with values $19.10^{+0.18}_{-0.17}({stat}) \pm 0.2 ({syst})$ and $19.58^{+0.22}_{-0.19}$ days, respectively; the statistical significance of this difference is only 1.4 \sg . The errors represent the uncertainty in the mean rather than any variation between individual SN. We also compare subsets of our high-redshift data set based on decline rate, host galaxy star formation rate, and redshift, finding no substantive evidence for any subsample dependence.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ; minor changes (spelling and grammatical) to conform with published version
Configurational entropy of heavy-quark QCD exotica: engendering the next generation
Creators: name: Karapetyan, G.
name: da Rocha, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mass spectroscopy of exotic meson states is scrutinized in the AdS/QCD paradigm. The differential configurational entropy is then used to study, derive, and analyze the mass spectrum of excited exotic vector meson resonances, whose configurational stability is also addressed. For it the hadronic molecule, the hadrocharmonium, and the hybrid description of heavy-quark exotic mesonic states are employed to more precisely match experimental data in the Particle Data Group and also to predict the next generations of heavy-quark QCD exotica in the $Z_c$, $Y$, $π_1$, and $Z_b$ exotic meson families.
description: 9 pages, 8 figs
Additional file 3 of Multi-omic profiling reveals associations between the gut mucosal microbiome, the metabolome, and host DNA methylation associated gene expression in patients with colorectal cancer
Creators: name: Wang, Qing
name: Ye, Jianzhong
name: Fang, Daiqiong
name: Lv, Longxian
name: Wu, Wenrui
name: Shi, Ding
name: Li, Yating
name: Yang, Liya
name: Bian, Xiaoyuan
name: Wu, Jingjing
name: Jiang, Xianwan
name: Wang, Kaicen
name: Wang, Qiangqiang
name: Hodson, Mark P.
name: Thibaut, Loïc M.
name: Ho, Joshua W. K.
name: Giannoulatou, Eleni
name: Li, Lanjuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3 Figure S2. Illustration of correlation between microbial abundance and metabolite concentration.
Bayesian evidence for a nonlinear damping model for coronal loop oscillations
Creators: name: Arregui, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observational and theoretical studies indicate that the damping of solar coronal loop oscillations depends on the oscillation amplitude. We consider two mechanisms, linear resonant absorption and a nonlinear damping model. We confront theoretical predictions from these models with observed data in the plane of observables defined by the damping ratio and the oscillation amplitude. The structure of the Bayesian evidence in this plane displays a clear separation between the regions where each model is more plausible relative to the other. There is qualitative agreement between the regions of high marginal likelihood and Bayes factor for the nonlinear damping model and the arrangement of observed data. A quantitative application to 101 loop oscillation cases observed with SDO/AIA results in the marginal likelihood for the nonlinear model being larger in the majority of them. The cases with conclusive evidence for the nonlinear damping model outnumber considerably those in favor of linear resonant absorption.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 1 table
Coherent States and a Path Integral for the Relativistic Linear Singular Oscillator
Creators: name: Nagiyev, S. M.
name: Jafarov, E. I.
name: Efendiyev, M. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81S40; 58D30; 81R30

description: The SU(1,1) coherent states for a relativistic model of the linear singular oscillator are considered. The corresponding partition function is evaluated. The path integral for the transition amplitude between SU(1,1) coherent states is given. Classical equations of the motion in the generalized curved phase space are obtained. It is shown that the use of quasiclassical Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization rule yields the exact expression for the energy spectrum.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, Uses RevTeX4 style
Non-universal behavior for aperiodic interactions within a mean-field approximation
Creators: name: Faria, Maicon S.
name: Branco, N. S.
name: Tragtenberg, M. H. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the spin-1/2 Ising model on a Bethe lattice in the mean-field limit, with the interaction constants following two deterministic aperiodic sequences: Fibonacci or period-doubling ones. New algorithms of sequence generation were implemented, which were fundamental in obtaining long sequences and, therefore, precise results. We calculate the exact critical temperature for both sequences, as well as the critical exponent $β$, $γ$ and $δ$. For the Fibonacci sequence, the exponents are classical, while for the period-doubling one they depend on the ratio between the two exchange constants. The usual relations between critical exponents are satisfied, within error bars, for the period-doubling sequence. Therefore, we show that mean-field-like procedures may lead to nonclassical critical exponents.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, to be published in Phys. Rev. E
Interaction for Solitary Waves with a Phase Difference in a Nonlinear Dirac Model
Creators: name: Shao, Sihong
name: Tang, Huazhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a further numerical study of the interaction dynamics for solitary waves in a nonlinear Dirac field with scalar self-interaction by using a fourth order accurate Runge-Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method. Our experiments are conducted on the Dirac solitary waves with a phase difference. Some interesting phenomena are observed: (a) full repulsion in binary and ternary collisions and its dependence on the distance between initial waves; (b) repulsing first, attracting afterwards, and then collapse in binary and ternary collisions of initially resting two-humped waves; (c) one-overlap interaction and two-overlap interaction in ternary collisions of initially resting waves.
description: 11 pages, 18 figures
Constraining Protoplanetary Disk Accretion and Young Planets Using ALMA Kinematic Observations
Creators: name: Rabago, Ian
name: Zhu, Zhaohuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent ALMA molecular line observations have revealed 3-D gas velocity structure in protoplanetary disks, shedding light on mechanisms of disk accretion and structure formation. 1) By carrying out viscous simulations, we confirm that the disk's velocity structure differs dramatically using vertical stress profiles from different accretion mechanisms. Thus, kinematic observations tracing flows at different disk heights can potentially distinguish different accretion mechanisms. On the other hand, the disk surface density evolution is mostly determined by the vertically integrated stress. The sharp disk outer edge constrained by recent kinematic observations can be caused by a radially varying $α$ in the disk. 2) We also study kinematic signatures of a young planet by carrying out 3-D planet-disk simulations. The relationship between the planet mass and the "kink" velocity is derived, showing a linear relationship with little dependence on disk viscosity, but some dependence on disk height when the planet is massive, e.g. $10 M_J$. We predict the "kink" velocities for the potential planets in DSHARP disks. At the gap edge, the azimuthally-averaged velocities at different disk heights deviate from the Keplerian velocity at similar amplitudes, and its relationship with the planet mass is consistent with that in 2-D simulations. After removing the planet, the azimuthally-averaged velocity barely changes within the viscous timescale, and thus the azimuthally-averaged velocity structure at the gap edge is due to the gap itself and not directly caused to the planet. Combining both axisymmetric kinematic observations and the residual "kink" velocity is needed to probe young planets in protoplanetary disks.
description: 16 pages, 11 figures; Updated Figure 11, reference added; Accepted in MNRAS
The Raychaudhuri equation for a quantized timelike geodesic congruence
Creators: name: Choudhury, Shibendu Gupta
name: Dasgupta, Ananda
name: Banerjee, Narayan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recent attempt to arrive at a quantum version of Raychaudhuri's equation is looked at critically. It is shown that the method, and even the idea, has some inherent problems. The issues are pointed out here. We have also shown that it is possible to salvage the method in some limited domain of applicability. Although no generality can be claimed, a quantum version of the equation should be useful in the context of ascertaining the existence of a singularity in the quantum regime. The equation presented in the present work holds for arbitrary $n + 1$ dimensions. An important feature of the Hamiltonian in the operator form is that it admits a self-adjoint extension quite generally. Thus, the conservation of probability is ensured.
description: 14 pages, major changes, version accepted for publication in EPJC
Temporal Evolution of Coronagraphic Dynamic Range, and Constraints on Companions to Vega
Creators: name: Hinkley, Sasha
name: Oppenheimer, Ben R.
name: Soummer, Remi
name: Sivaramakrishnan, Anand
name: Roberts, Lewis C.
name: Kuhn, Jeffrey
name: Makidon, Russell B.
name: Perrin, Marshall D.
name: Lloyd, James P.
name: Kratter, Kaitlin
name: Brenner, Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The major obstacle to the direct detection of companions to nearby stars is the overwhelming brightness of the host star. Current instruments employing the combination of adaptive optics (AO) and coronagraphy can typically detect objects within 2'' of the star that are 10^{4-5} times fainter. Correlated speckle noise is one of the biggest obstacles limiting such high-contrast imaging. We have obtained a series of 284 8 s, AO-corrected, coronagraphically occulted H-band images of the star Vega at the 3.63 m AEOS telescope located on Haleakala, Hawaii. This dataset is unique for studying the temporal behavior of speckle noise, and represents the first time such a study on highly corrected _coronagraphic_ AO images has been carried out in a quantitative way. We find the speckle pattern to be highly stable in both position and time in our data. This is due to the fact that the AO system corrects disturbances to the stellar wave front at the level where the instrumental wave front errors dominate. Because of this, we find that our detection limit is not significantly improved simply with increased exposure time alone. However, we are able to improve our dynamic range by 1.5-2 magnitudes through subtraction of static/quasi-static speckles in two rotating frames: the telescope pupil frame and the deformable mirror frame. Furthermore, from our data, we are able to constrain the mass of any purported companion to Vega to be less than 45 M_J at 8 AU and less than 30 M_J at 16 AU, radii not previously probed at these sensitivities.
description: Accepted by ApJ, 23 pages, 7 figues, 1 table
title: Abricotier Japonais :
title: Principes directeurs pour la conduite de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité.
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: International Union For The Protection Of New Varieties Of Plants,
Publisher: name: International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants,
Year: 0
Subjects: Group identity.
New Varieties of Plants
Mume

description: Ces principes directeurs (“principes directeurs d’examen”) visent à approfondir les principes énoncés dans l’introduction générale (document TG/1/3) et dans les documents TGP qui s’y rapportent afin de donner des indications concrètes détaillées pour l’harmonisation de l’examen de la distinction, de l’homogénéité et de la stabilité (DHS) et, en particulier, à identifier des caractères convenant à l’examen DHS et à la production de descriptions variétales harmonisées.
The Scourge of Online Solutions and an Academic Hertzsprung-Russell Diagram
Creators: name: Overduin, James
name: Buchman, Jacob
name: Perry, Jonathan
name: Krause, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on preliminary results of a statistical study of student performance in more than a decade of calculus-based introductory physics courses. Treating average homework and test grades as proxies for student effort and comprehension respectively, we plot comprehension versus effort in an academic version of the astronomical Hertzsprung-Russell diagram (which plots stellar luminosity versus temperature). We study the evolution of this diagram with time, finding that the "academic main sequence" has begun to break down in recent years as student achievement on tests has become decoupled from homework grades. We present evidence that this breakdown is likely related to the emergence of easily accessible online solutions to most textbook problems, and discuss possible responses and strategies for maintaining and enhancing student learning in the online era.
ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ПРАВОВЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ ПРОВЕДЕНИЯ ШКОЛАМИ ПРЕДСТАВИТЕЛЕЙ МОЛОДЕЖНОГО ПАРЛАМЕНТА ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ОБСУЖДЕНИЙ
Creators: name: Саттаров, Шахзод
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В статье анализируется организация и проведение общественных обсуждений в Школах представителей молодежного парламента при Кенгашах народных депутатов. Авторы исследования выявили недостаточную регламентацию форм и порядка проведения таких обсуждений в действующем законодательстве. В результате работы представлен перечень возможных форм общественных обсуждений и примерный порядок их организации и проведения.
On selecting programmable space compactors for built-in self-text using genetic algorithms
Creators: name: Tsuji, Barry Kazuto
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: With the increasing complexity of modern VLSI circuits, achieving high quality built-in self-test requires monitoring an increasingly large number of internal nodes. Due to the limitations in observing large numbers of nodes, it has become increasingly necessary to compact the output from a large number of lines to a small number of lines in a process known as space compaction. In the past, space compaction has usually been performed by circuit-independent compactors, such as the popular parity function. Recently, a class of circuit-specific space compactors, known as programmable space compactors (PSCs), has been proposed. A PSC is a highly effective space compactor tailored for a specific circuit under test (CUT) subjected to a specific set of test stimuli. Circuit-specific information such as the fault-free and expected faulty behaviour of a circuit can be used to choose compactors which have better fault coverage and/or lower area costs than the parity function. The drawback of PSCs is the difficulty involved in finding optimal PSCs for a circuit. The space of possible PSC functions is extremely large and grows exponentially with the number of lines to be compacted. Although searching for optimal PSC functions is a difficult problem, it is not impossible. This thesis presents a method for searching for combinational PSCs based upon genetic algorithms (GAs), a randomized search technique. Randomized search techniques, such as simulated annealing and genetic algorithms, have become increasingly popular in recent years as methods for solving search and optimization problems beyond the capabilities of classical techniques. This thesis develops a procedure for using circuit-specific information in the application of (GAs) to the search for optimal PSCs for a given CUT and a given set of test stimuli. A measure of the effectiveness, or fitness, of PSCs is developed as a means for guiding the genetic search. The factors used to assess the effectiveness of a PSC are its 11 fault coverage (estimated by its probability of aliasing) and area (measured in terms of gate equivalents). The nature of GAs allows for searches to be completed in a fixed amount of CPU time. The availability of greater computing resources in the future will enable larger scale searches and improve small-scale searches. The results of genetic searches (limited to approximately 30 minutes of CPU time on a Sun Sparc 10 workstation) for PSCs, with a compaction ratio of 4 : 1, for the ISCAS ‘85 benchmark circuits are presented here. These results show that searches based upon genetic algorithms can find PSCs with better fault coverage at a lower cost than the parity function while using limited computing resources. In some cases, cost savings of up to 80% were realized while simultaneously achieving improved fault coverage over similar space compactors based upon the parity function.
Straight nodal-line phonons in symmorphic space groups
Creators: name: Liu, Guang
name: Jin, Yuanjun
name: Chen, Zhongjia
name: Xu, Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on first-principles calculations and effective model analysis, all possible straight nodal-line phonons in symmorphic space groups are uncovered. A classification of two-band ${\textbf{k}}\cdot {\textbf{p}}$ models at an arbitrary point on the nodal lines is carried out, and these nodal-line phonons are found to locate along the high symmetry lines of the Brillouin zone. According to our classification, there are two types of nodal-line phonons in symmorphic space groups. The first type possesses a linear dispersion perpendicular to the nodal lines, while the second type exhibits a quadratic dispersion. The underlying mechanisms are revealed by symmetry analysis, and the types of nodal-line phonons can be distinguished through the little group of the high symmetry lines. Our work not only classifies nodal-line phonons but also provides guidance to search for topological nodal lines in bosonic systems.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Light hyperclusters and hyperons in low-density hot stellar matter
Creators: name: Custódio, Tiago
name: Pais, Helena
name: Providência, Constança
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The abundance of light nuclei and hyperons, that are produced in stellar environments such as supernova or binary mergers, is calculated within a relativistic mean-field model with density dependent couplings in low-density matter. Five light nuclei are considered, together with three light hyper-nuclei. We show that the presence of hyperons shifts the dissolution of clusters to larger densities, and increases the amount of clusters. This effect is larger the smaller the charge fraction, and the higher the temperature. The abundance of hyperons is also affected by the cluster formation: neutral and positively charged hyperons suffer a reduction, and the negatively charged ones an increase. We also observe that the dissolution of the less-abundant clusters occurs at larger densities due to smaller Pauli-blocking effects. Overall, hyper-nuclei set in at temperatures above 25 MeV, and depending on the temperature and chemical composition, they may be more abundant than $α$-particles, or even more abundant than other heavier clusters.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Tunable Field Induced Superconductivity
Creators: name: Gillijns, W.
name: Silhanek, A. V.
name: Moshchalkov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the transport properties of a thin superconducting Al layer covering a square array of magnetic dots with out-of-plane magnetization. A thorough characterization of the magnetic properties of the dots allowed us to fine-tune their magnetic state at will, hereby changing the influence of the dots on the superconductor in a continuous way. We show that even though the number of vortex-antivortex pairs discretely increases with increasing the magnetization of the dots, no corresponding discontinuity is observed in the resistance of the sample. The evolution of the superconducting phase boundary as the magnetic state of the dots is swept permits one to devise a fully controllable and erasable field induced superconductor.
Η εμπειρία του στοχασμού στη φιλοσοφία του Κρισναμούρτι ( Η διάκριση της σκέψης από τον στοχασμό)
Creators: name: Στεφανίδου, Αννέζα Βασιλείου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Κρισναμούρτι
subject: Φιλοσοφία
subject: Στοχασμός
subject: Krishmanurti
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: Contemplation

description: Σκοπός τη διατριβής ήταν η μελέτη της έννοιας του στοχασμού στη φιλοσοφία του J. Krishnamurti. Εξετάσαμε την στοχαστική εμπειρία σε όλο το φάσμα της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης, την πηγή απ’ όπου προκύπτει, τις συνθήκες διαμόρφωσής της και τον τρόπο εξέλιξής της. Επιπλέον την συνδέσαμε με τον μεταφυσικό χαρακτήρα της ύπαρξης του ανθρώπου και εστιάσαμε στον τρόπο που επηρεάζει την εξελικτική διαδικασία του κόσμου. Ακόμη διακρίναμε την έννοια της σκέψης ως εγκεφαλική- νοητική λειτουργία η οποία συμπεριλαμβάνει κάθε είδους εμπειρία και γνώση και στην οποία υπόκειται καθετί υλικό αλλά και πνευματικό προϊόν του κόσμου από την έννοια του στοχασμού ο οποίος απορρίπτει κάθε τέτοια δομή νόησης και απαλλαγμένος από τα δεσμά της σκέψης, της εμπειρίας και της γνώσης ενώνεται με το αυθεντικό καταγωγικό στοιχείο της ανθρώπινης ύπαρξης, ελευθερώνεται από τα δεσμά του ατομικού νου και βιώνει την αληθινή και πλήρη ευτυχία της ύπαρξης του. Επιπρόσθετα συσχετίστηκαν όροι όπως ο διαλογισμός, η αγάπη και ο θάνατος σε συνάρτηση πάντα με την στοχαστική εμπειρία και την επίδρασή τους σε αυτήν
description: The purpose of this dissertation was to study the concept of reflection in the philosophy of J. Krishnamurti. We have considered the contemplative experience throughout the spectrum of human existence, the source from which it arises, the conditions of its formation and the way it evolves. In addition we linked it to the metaphysical nature of human existence and focused on the way it affects the evolutionary process of the world. Moreover we have distinguished the concept of thought as a brain-mental function which encompasses all kinds of experience and knowledge and which is subject to all material but also spiritual product of the world from the concept of reflection which rejects any such structure of thought and free from the bonds of thought. , of experience and knowledge unites with the authentic origin of human existence, liberated from the bonds of the individual mind and experiences the true and complete happiness of its existence. Furthermore, conditions such as meditation, love and death have always been associated with their contemplative experience and its effect on it
Theoretical design study of FWM in silicon nitride waveguides with integrated graphene oxide films
Creators: name: Qu, Yang
name: Wu, Jiayang
name: Zhang, Yuning
name: Jia, Linnan
name: Liang, Yao
name: Jia, Baohua
name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate and optimize four-wave mixing (FWM) in silicon nitride (SiN) waveguides integrated with two-dimensional (2D) layered graphene oxide (GO) films. Based on extensive previous measurements of the material parameters of the GO films, we perform detailed analysis for the influence of device parameters including waveguide geometry, GO film thickness, length, and coating position on the FWM conversion efficiency (CE) and conversion bandwidth (CB). The influence of dispersion and photo-thermal changes in the GO films is also discussed. Owing to the strong mode overlap between the SiN waveguides and the highly nonlinear GO films, FWM in the hybrid waveguides can be significantly enhanced. We obtain good agreement with previous experimental results and show that by optimizing the device parameters to balance the trade-off between Kerr nonlinearity and loss, the FWM CE can be improved by as much as ~20.7 dB and the FWM CB can be increased by ~4.4 folds, relative to the uncoated waveguides. These results highlight the significantly enhanced FWM performance that can be achieved in SiN waveguides by integrating 2D layered GO films.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures, 52 references
Global Properties of the Conformal Manifold for S-Fold Backgrounds
Creators: name: Giambrone, Alfredo
name: Malek, Emanuel
name: Samtleben, Henning
name: Trigiante, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a one-parameter family of $\mathcal{N}=2$ anti-de Sitter vacua with ${\rm U}(1)^2$ symmetry of gauged four-dimensional maximal supergravity, with dyonic gauge group $[{\rm SO}(6)\times {\rm SO}(1,1)]\ltimes \mathbb{R}^{12}$. These backgrounds are known to correspond to Type IIB S-fold solutions with internal manifold of topology $S^1\times S^5$. The family of AdS$_4$ vacua is parametrized by a modulus $χ$. Although $χ$ appears non-compact in the four-dimensional supergravity, we show that this is just an artefact of the four-dimensional description. We give the 10-dimensional geometric interpretation of the modulus and show that it actually has periodicity of $\frac{2π}{T}$, which is the inverse radius of $S^1$. We deduce this by providing the explicit $D=10$ uplift of the family of vacua as well as computing the entire modulus-dependent Kaluza-Klein spectrum as a function of $χ$. At the special values $χ=0$ and $χ=\fracπ{T}$, the symmetry enhances according to ${\rm U}(1)^2\rightarrow{\rm U}(2)$, giving rise however to inequivalent Kaluza-Klein spectra. At $χ=\fracπ{T}$, this realizes a bosonic version of the "space invaders" scenario with additional massless vector fields arising from formerly massive fields at higher Kaluza-Klein levels.
description: 33 pages, 1 figure, subsections 4.2.1 and 5.4.1 added in which the symmetry properties of the spectrum with respect to the chi parameter is discussed in detail; typos corrected
Delay-induced multistability near a global bifurcation
Creators: name: Hizanidis, J.
name: Aust, R.
name: Schoell, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of a time-delayed feedback within a generic model for a saddle-node bifurcation on a limit cycle. Without delay the only attractor below this global bifurcation is a stable node. Delay renders the phase space infinite-dimensional and creates multistability of periodic orbits and the fixed point. Homoclinic bifurcations, period-doubling and saddle-node bifurcations of limit cycles are found in accordance with Shilnikov's theorems.
description: Int. J. Bif. Chaos (2007), in print
Few-mode-fiber technology fine-tunes losses of quantum communication systems
Creators: name: Alarcón, A.
name: Argillander, J.
name: Lima, G.
name: Xavier, G. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A natural choice for quantum communication is to use the relative phase between two paths of a single-photon for information encoding. This method was nevertheless quickly identified as impractical over long distances and thus a modification based on single-photon time-bins has then become widely adopted. It however, introduces a fundamental loss, which increases with the dimension and that limits its application over long distances. Here, we are able to solve this long-standing hurdle by employing a few-mode fiber space-division multiplexing platform working with orbital angular momentum modes. In our scheme, we maintain the practicability provided by the time-bin scheme, while the quantum states are transmitted through a few-mode fiber in a configuration that does not introduce post-selection losses. We experimentally demonstrate our proposal by successfully transmitting phase-encoded single-photon states for quantum cryptography over 500 m of few-mode fiber, showing the feasibility of our scheme.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. There was a mistake in Fig. 4 in v2. This is now corrected in this version and also in the published version
On the observability of high-energy neutrinos from gamma ray bursts
Creators: name: van Eijndhoven, Nick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented for the identification of high-energy neutrinos from gamma ray bursts by means of a large-scale neutrino telescope. The procedure makes use of a time profile stacking technique of observed neutrino induced signals in correlation with satellite observations. By selecting a rather wide time window, a possible difference between the arrival times of the gamma and neutrino signals may also be identified. This might provide insight in the particle production processes at the source. By means of a toy model it will be demonstrated that a statistically significant signal can be obtained with a km^3 scale neutrino telescope on a sample of 500 gamma ray bursts for a signal rate as low as 1 detectable neutrino for 3% of the bursts.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures Revision 1 : Extended text and 1 fig. added (8 pages, 8 figures)
Degradation of a quantum directional reference frame as a random walk
Creators: name: Bartlett, Stephen D.
name: Rudolph, Terry
name: Sanders, Barry C.
name: Turner, Peter S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate if the degradation of a quantum directional reference frame through repeated use can be modeled as a classical direction undergoing a random walk on a sphere. We demonstrate that the behaviour of the fidelity for a degrading quantum directional reference frame, defined as the average probability of correctly determining the orientation of a test system, can be fit precisely using such a model. Physically, the mechanism for the random walk is the uncontrollable back-action on the reference frame due to its use in a measurement of the direction of another system. However, we find that the magnitude of the step size of this random walk is not given by our classical model and must be determined from the full quantum description.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Comments are welcome. v2: several changes to clarify the key results. v3: journal reference added, acknowledgements and references updated
Interaction induced trapping and pulsed emission of a magnetically insensitive Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Middelkamp, Stephan
name: Lesanovsky, Igor
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that atoms in magnetically insensitive hyperfine states (m=0) can be trapped efficiently by a Bose-Einstein Condensate of the same atomic species occupying a different hyperfine state. The latter is trapped magnetically. Hyperfine state changing collisions, and therefore loss of the trapped (m=0) atoms, are shown to be strongly inhibited in case of a low density of the confined atomic cloud. We monitor the transition from a 'soft' to a 'hard' effective potential by studying the backaction of the trapped (m=0) atoms onto the condensate which provides their confinement. The controlled outcoupling of the trapped atoms by shaping the condensate's wavefunction is explored. We observe a pulsed emission of atoms from the trapping region reminiscent of an atom laser.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Sociotechnical Challenges of eHealth Technology for Patient Self-Management: A Systematic Review
Creators: name: Hochwarter, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Ageing of society and increase of time spent with chronic conditions challenge the traditional long-term care model. Assistive technology and eHealth are seen to play an important role when addressing these challenges. One prominent example are patient self-management systems. These systems not only transform the way patients with chronic conditions interact with the healthcare system, but also change work practices of care providers. This literature review addresses sociotechnical challenges of eHealth technologies with a strong collaborative component. As a result, four themes are identified and discussed.
description: Volume 5 HEALTHINF
Fate of Quasiparticle at Mott Transition and Interplay with Lifshitz Transition Studied by Correlator Projection Method
Creators: name: Hanasaki, Kota
name: Imada, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Filling-control metal-insulator transition on the two-dimensional Hubbard model is investigated by using the correlator projection method, which takes into account momentum dependence of the free energy beyond the dynamical mean-field theory. The phase diagram of metals and Mott insulators is analyzed. Lifshitz transitions occur simultaneously with metal-insulator transitions at large Coulomb repulsion. On the other hand, they are separated each other for lower Coulomb repulsion, where the phase sandwiched by the Lifshitz and metal-insulator transitions appears to show violation of the Luttinger sum rule. Through the metal-insulator transition, quasiparticles retain nonzero renormalization factor and finite quasi-particle weight in the both sides of the transition. This supports that the metal-insulator transition is caused not by the vanishing renormalization factor but by the relative shift of the Fermi level into the Mott gap away from the quasiparticle band, in sharp contrast with the original dynamical mean-field theory. Charge compressibility diverges at the critical end point of the first-order Lifshitz transition at finite temperatures. The origin of the divergence is ascribed to singular momentum dependence of the quasiparticle dispersion.
description: 24 pages including 10 figures
The Galactic Halo density distribution from photometric survey data: results of a pilot study
Creators: name: Cignoni, M.
name: Ripepi, V.
name: Marconi, M.
name: Alcala', J. M.
name: Capaccioli, M.
name: Pannella, M.
name: Silvotti, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to recover the Galactic Halo spatial density by means of field stars. To this aim, we apply a new technique to the Capodimonte Deep Field (OACDF, Alcala' et al. 2004), as a pilot study in view of the VLT Survey Telescope (VST) stellar projects. Considering the unique chance to collect deep and wide-field photometry with the VST, our method may represent a useful tool towards a definitive mapping of the Galactic Halo. In the framework of synthetic stellar populations, turn-off stars are used to reconstruct the spatial density. The determination of the space density is achieved by comparing the data with synthetic color-magnitude diagrams (CMDs). The only assumptions involve the IMF, age and metallicity of the synthetic halo population. Stars are randomly placed in the solid angle. The contributions of the various Monte Carlo distributions (with a step of 4 kpc) along the line of sight are simultaneously varied to reproduce the observed CMD. Our result on the space density is consistent with a power-law exponent n~3 over a range of Galactocentric distances from 8 to 40 kpc.
description: 5 pages. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics
Spin density distribution in a partially magnetized organic quantum magnet
Creators: name: Zheludev, A.
name: Garlea, V. O.
name: Nishihara, S.
name: Hosokoshi, Y.
name: Cousson, A.
name: Gukasov, A.
name: Inoue, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarized neutron diffraction experiments on an organic magnetic material reveal a highly skewed distribution of spin density within the magnetic molecular unit. The very large magnitude of the observed effect is due to quantum spin fluctuations. The data are in quantitative agreement with direct diagonalization results for a model spin Hamiltonian, and provide insight on the actual microscopic origin of the relevant exchange interactions.
description: 5 pages 4 figures
Radar cross section enhancement for radar navigation and remote sensing
Creators: name: Michelson, David George
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recent developments in radar navigation and remote sensing have led to a requirement for rugged yet inexpensive location markers and calibration targets which present both a very large scattering cross section and a specified polarization response over a wide angular range. This study considers several problems related to the analysis and design of passive radar targets derived from corner reflectors. Transformation of the polarization response of a target between global and local coordinate frames is shown to correspond to rotation of the polarization basis by a prescribed angle which is a function of both the coordinate transformation matrix and the direction of propagation. Once the angle of rotation has been determined using either spherical trigonometry or vector algebra, any polarization descriptor can be transformed between coordinate frames by application of a suitable rotation operator. The scattering cross section and angular coverage of a conventional trihedral corner reflector can be altered by modifying the size and shape of its reflecting panels. A numerical algorithm based on physical optics is used to predict the contribution of triple-bounce reflections to the response of a reflector with polygonal panels of arbitrary shape. If three-fold symmetry is broken and the reflector is simply required to present bilateral symmetry, it is found that the scattering cross section, elevation beamwidth, and azimuthal beamwidth of the reflector can be chosen independently of each other. A method for altering the polarization response of a conventional trihedral corner reflector by adding conducting fins or corrugations to one its interior surfaces is proposed. In calculating design curves for twist-polarizing or circularly polarizing reflectors by mode-matching, optimum accuracy and efficiency are obtained by setting the ratio of free space to groove modes equal to the ratio of groove width to the period. Methods for obtaining linear and circular polarization selective responses are considered. The contribution of triple-bounce reflections to the response of such reflectors is a function of the direction of incidence, the orientation of the reflector, the dimensions of the corrugations, and the size and shape of the reflecting panels. Experimental results show that prototype twist-polarizing and circularly polarizing reflectors respond essentially as predicted.
Dynamic subframe allocation in a reservation multiple access channel
Creators: name: Roorda, Peter D.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2008

description: Multiaccess protocols allow multiple geographically diverse users to communicate with a central station or each other over a single broadcast channel. Reservation protocols are a class of multiaccess protocols appropriate for satellite and radio networks. This thesis investigates dynamic time slot access control schemes for reservation multiaccess protocols similar to those investigated by Roberts [1] and others. Previous work has considered this model only for the case of a static frame subdivision, the majority of the work relying on approximate methods for analysis. In this thesis, schemes are considered where the subframe allocation is controlled on a frame by frame basis based on the current state of the finite user population. The controlled system is modelled as a Markov decision process with the subframe allocation as the decision variable. Optimality equations are provided and using infinite horizon dynamic programming techniques, the control policy that maximizes the average throughput on the channel based on complete state information is found. In addition to the optimal policy, we propose two heuristic dynamic allocation schemes that while being suboptimal, have implementation advantages over the optimal. Performance results indicate that the implementation of dynamic subframe allocation into the model significantly improves the performance of the network over previously considered fixed allocation schemes, both in terms of lowering the average message transmission delay and increasing the channel capacity. Proposed are methods of estimating the unknown state using a variation of Rivest's [2] pseudo-Bayesian scheme to allow approximation of the dynamic control schemes which depend on full state information. Simulation results indicate that the implementation of state estimation does not significantly erode the performance of the dynamic policies. Extending the model to incorporate multipacket messages is discussed and performance results indicate that in that case also, protocol performance may be improved using dynamic allocation.