cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Keck/HIRES Study of Kinematics of the Cold Interstellar Medium in Dwarf Starburst Galaxies
Creators: name: Schwartz, Colleen M.
name: Martin, Crystal L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained high resolution Echelle spectra (R = 30,000-50,000) of the Na D absorption doublet (5890A, 5896A) for six dwarf starburst galaxies and two more luminous starbursts: M82 and NGC 1614. The absorption features were separated into multiple components and separated into stellar and interstellar parts based on kinematics. We find that three of the dwarfs show outflows, with an average blueshift of 27 km/s. This is small compared to the highest velocity components in NGC 1614 and M82 (blueshifted by 150 km/s and 91 km/s, respectively); these two brighter galaxies also show more complex absorption profiles than the dwarfs. None of the outflow speeds clearly exceed the escape velocity of the host galaxy. Sightlines in NGC 2363 and NGC4214 apparently intersect expanding shells. We compare the shocked gas velocity (v_NaD) to the ionized gas velocity (v_Halpha) and interpret the velocity difference as either a trapped ionization front (NGC 4214) or a leaky HII region (NGC 2363). The dwarfs show N(NaD) = 10^(11.8-13.7) cm^-2, while the Na D columns in M82 and NGC 1614 are 10^13.7 cm^-2 and 10^14.0 cm^-2, respectively. The mass of expelled gas is highly sensitive to outflow geometry, dust depletion, and ionization fraction, but with a simple shell model we estimate neutral outflow gas masses from ~10^6 M_solar to ~10^10 M_solar.
description: 36 pages, including 9 figures. Accepted for publication in Astrophys. J
Controlling wave propagation with acoustic and elastic metamaterials
Creators: name: Kelsten, Matthew J
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: The topics deliberated in this dissertation are ingrained in the idea of controlling wave transmission through artificial domains. This is accomplished through modeling, simulating, design, and testing of acoustic and elastic metamaterials for both air and water applications. Effective properties of metamaterials vastly increase the design-space used toachieve high, low, anisotropic, or one-wave transmission. Each idea presented is focused on realizing or optimizing one of those transmission types.The first topic visited is optimal attenuation in air-filled ducts. Non-Hermitian systems can exhibit “exceptional points” (EPs) at which modes coalesce. The connection between EPs and acoustic damping goes back to the observation of Cremer (1953) that optimal attenuation in a duct occurs when the two lowest modes have equal complex-valued eigenvalues. An EP existence condition is derived, doing so allows for the determination of the complete set of all possible passive impedance conditions that give rise to EPs, and from these to select impedances appropriate to a particular frequency band. We consider a novel approach to feasibly achieve the aforementioned wall impedance with the use of simple resonators, which can be shown to exhibit mode coalescence at distinct frequencies when treated as a unit cell component of a larger metasurface. The second topic discussed delves into the interest for developing the three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic pentamode (PM), i.e. a structure designed to support a single longitudinal wave with sound speed that depends on the propagation direction, specifically for underwater applications. The presented work attempts to experimentally verify anisotropic sound speeds predicted by finite element simulations using additively manufactured anisotropic 3D PM samples made of titanium. Simulation techniques are given for the computational evaluation of PM sound speeds and the acoustic response of PM materials. Measurements involved suspending samples in front of a plane-wave source emitting a broadband chirp in a water tank to measure time of flight for wavefronts with and without the PM present. The final topic covers periodic lattice metamaterials like that of the square honeycomb, hexagonal honeycomb, and Kagome lattices which have proven themselves useful in structural applications with their ability to exhibit broadband vibration suppression at subwavelength scales. In the context of periodic lattices, it can be difficult to model all cases extensively. In an attempt to help bridge the analytical gap, we consider classic 2D lattice designs. By doing so we can solve for dynamic stiffness matrices which drive the characterization of band diagrams and their modal structure. A semi-analytical modeling approach is introduced which highlights the explicit dependence of band diagram features on resonator parameters.
How does breakup influence the total fusion of $^{6,7}$Li at the Coulomb barrier?
Creators: name: Diaz-Torres, A.
name: Thompson, I. J.
name: Beck, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Total (complete + incomplete) fusion excitation functions of $^{6,7}$Li on $^{59}$Co and $^{209}$Bi targets around the Coulomb barrier are obtained using a new continuum discretized coupled channel (CDCC) method of calculating fusion. The relative importance of breakup and bound-state structure effects on total fusion is particularly investigated. The effect of breakup on fusion can be observed in the total fusion excitation function. The breakup enhances the total fusion at energies just around the barrier, whereas it hardly affects the total fusion at energies well above the barrier. The difference between the experimental total fusion cross sections for $^{6,7}$Li on $^{59}$Co is notably caused by breakup, but this is not the case for the $^{209}$Bi target.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
A search for solar axions and anomalous neutrino magnetic moment with the complete PandaX-II data
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiaopeng
name: Zeng, Xinning
name: Ning, Xuyang
name: Abdukerim, Abdusalam
name: Chen, Wei
name: Chen, Xun
name: Chen, Yunhua
name: Cheng, Chen
name: Cui, Xiangyi
name: Fan, Yingjie
name: Fang, Deqing
name: Fu, Changbo
name: Fu, Mengting
name: Geng, Lisheng
name: Giboni, Karl
name: Gu, Linhui
name: Guo, Xuyuan
name: Han, Ke
name: He, Changda
name: Huang, Di
name: Huang, Yan
name: Huang, Yanlin
name: Huang, Zhou
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Ju, Yonglin
name: Li, Shuaijie
name: Liu, Huaxuan
name: Liu, Jianglai
name: Lu, Xiaoying
name: Ma, Wenbo
name: Ma, Yugang
name: Mao, Yajun
name: Meng, Yue
name: Ni, Kaixiang
name: Ning, Jinhua
name: Ren, Xiangxiang
name: Shang, Changsong
name: Shen, Guofang
name: Si, Lin
name: Tan, Andi
name: Wang, Anqing
name: Wang, Hongwei
name: Wang, Meng
name: Wang, Qiuhong
name: Wang, Siguang
name: Wang, Wei
name: Wang, Xiuli
name: Wang, Zhou
name: Wu, Mengmeng
name: Wu, Shiyong
name: Wu, Weihao
name: Xia, Jingkai
name: Xiao, Mengjiao
name: Xie, Pengwei
name: Yan, Binbin
name: Yang, Jijun
name: Yang, Yong
name: Yu, Chunxu
name: Yuan, Jumin
name: Yuan, Ying
name: Zhang, Dan
name: Zhang, Tao
name: Zhao, Li
name: Zheng, Qibin
name: Zhou, Jifang
name: Zhou, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a search for new physics signals using the low energy electron recoil events in the complete data set from PandaX-II, in light of the recent event excess reported by XENON1T. The data correspond to a total exposure of 100.7 ton-day with liquid xenon. With robust estimates of the dominant background spectra, we perform sensitive searches on solar axions and neutrinos with enhanced magnetic moment. We find that the axion-electron coupling $g_{Ae}<4.6\times 10^{-12}$ for an axion mass less than $\rm 0.1~keV/c^2$ and the neutrino magnetic moment $μ_ν<4.9\times 10^{-11}μ_{B}$ at 90% confidence level. The observed excess from XENON1T is within our experimental constraints.
description: updated with an erratum CHIN. PHYS. LETT. Vol. 38, No. 10 (2021) 109902
title: Redox and mixed valence in some solid state systems
Creators: name: Whittle, Karl R.
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The silver amalgamation process whereby silver sulphide ore is converted to silver metal using copper chlorides and mercury proceeds through a redox process. The process involves the transformation of Ag2S to AgCl with a corresponding reduction of copper from Cu2+ to Cu+ and subsequent oxidation of Cu+ to Cu2+ by atmospheric oxygen. The AgCl is then reduced to Ag by mercury to form an amalgam. It has been found that the process proceeds similarly when iron replaces copper and involves a reduction of Fe3+ to Fe2+.

The doping of SrFe12O19 by europium and lanthanum to form compounds of the type Sr1-xMxFe12O19 (M=Eu,La) has been achieved by three different methods, the calcination of oxides at 1250°C, calcination of a gel at 925°C, and hydrothermal processing of metal nitrates at 220°C. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) indicates the formation of similar materials by each method. X-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) has shown that the La3+ ions substitute for Sr2+ ions. The particle sizes of the Sr1-xMxFe12O19phase have been found by Scherrer analysis of the X-ray powder diffraction data to increase with the temperature involved in the synthesis method. The results show that the materials formed by the calcination of oxides have a size ~800 nm, while those made by hydrothermal processing are ~300 nm.

57Fe Mössbauer spectra collected at various temperatures have shown that the dopant has negligible effect on the magnetic properties of the system. The results show a gradual coalescence of hyper fine fields as the temperature is decreased from 298K to 25K. Magnetic susceptibility measurements have shown that Eu- and La-doped SrFe12O19 prepared by the co-precipitation of a gel has a greater magnetic coercivity than those prepared by other methods.
$L^p$-Kato class measures and their relations with Sobolev embedding theorems for Dirichlet spaces
Creators: name: Mori, Takahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31C25 (primary) 46E35, 60J35, 60J45 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we discuss relationships between the continuous embeddings of Dirichlet spaces $(\mathcal{F}, \mathcal{E}_1)$ into Lebesgue spaces and the integrability of the associated resolvent kernel $r_α(x, y)$. For a positive measure $μ$, we consider the following two properties; the first one is that the Dirichlet space $(\mathcal{F}, \mathcal{E}_1)$ is continuously embedded into $L^{2p}(E;μ)$ (which we write as (Sob)$_p$), and the second one is that the family of 1-order resolvent kernels $\{r_1(x, y)\}_{x\in E}$ is uniformly $p$-th integrable in $y$ with respect to the measure $μ$ (which we write as (Dyn)$_p$). Under some assumptions, for a measure $μ$ satisfying (Dyn)$_1$, we prove (Dyn)$_{p'}$ implies (Sob)$_p$ for $1\leq p \leq p'
description: 22 pages; title of paper changed, to appear in Journal of Functional Analysis
Tunable Order of Helically Confined Charges
Creators: name: Siemens, Ansgar
name: Schmelcher, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a system of equally charged Coulomb-interacting particles confined to a toroidal helix in the presence of an external electric field. Due to the confinement, the particles experience an effective interaction that oscillates with the particle distance and allows for the existence of stable bound states, despite the purely repulsive character of the Coulomb interaction. We design an order parameter to classify these bound states and use it to identify a structural crossover of the particle order, occurring when the electric field strength is varied. Amorphous particle configurations for a vanishing electric field and crystalline order in the regime of a strong electric field are observed. We study the impact of parameter variations on the particle order and conclude that the crossover occurs for a wide range of parameter values and even holds for different helical systems.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Mobilizing Voters in the 21st Century : What Can Be Done to Increase Voter Turnout in the United States
Creators: name: Silberman, David
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Description to be added
title: Measuring speech motor skills in phonologically disordered pre-school children and their normally developing peers
Creators: name: Cohen, Wendy Melissa Myers
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: Previous research has demonstrated that normally developing children are expected to have adult like control of their speech production skills by 10 years of age, as evidenced by increases in speed of production and decreases in performance variability. (e. g. Kent and Fortier 1980). There is also some evidence to suggest that phonologically disordered children may have poorer speech motor skills than their normally developing peers (e. g. Henry 1990, Edwards 1992, Waters 1992, Towne 1994). There are numerous techniques that can be used to measure a number of different aspects of speech motor control. However, there are methodological difficulties in devising appropriate protocols for the collection and analysis of speed of speech production as used as an index of speech motor skill in young children. Some of the techniques that have had clinical application include measurement of rate in connected speech production and measurement of diadochokinetic (DDK) repetition rate. This investigation compared normally developing and phonologically disordered preschool children on various indirect measures of speech motor skills, in imitated and spontaneous connected speech and in DDK tasks. The investigation also focused on refining the techniques of data collection and analysis appropriate to young children. While the results vary with regard to the statistical significance of the differences between the two groups of children on articulation rates and DDK rates, analysis of the error patterns in single word, spontaneous connected speech, imitated connected speech and DDK productions identified a sub group of phonologically disordered children who may present with an underlying speech motor deficit as the basis of their phonological disability. The results of the investigation are considered in terms of their implication for the speech motor skills of the two groups of children, techniques for measuring various aspects of speech motor skill and the clinical identification of phonologically disordered children who have an underlying speech motor deficit.
Crystal distribution patterns and their anisotropy behaviour in igneous rocks: towards an automated quantification, first results
Creators: name: Peternell, Mark
name: Kruhl, Jörn H.
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Since approximately two decades fractal geometry offers tools for the quantification of rock fabrics, and new methods are currently under development to investigate the inhomogeneity of crystal distributions, grain- and phase-boundary patterns as well as their anisotropy behaviour (Kruhl et al. 2004). These methods are now adapted for automated processing and suitable to quantify the inhomogeneity and anisotropy of rock fabrics from macro to microscale. Applications for quantifying inhomogeneity are mainly based on the box-counting and map-counting (Peternell 2002) methods, for anisotropy behaviour mainly based on modified Cantor-dust methods and provide fractal dimensions, fractal-dimension isolines and azimuthal anisotropies of fractal dimension (AAD, Volland & Kruhl 2004). For instance, the results provide information about the local variations of fabric patterns and their prefer orientation behaviour at macro and microscale.
description: conference
Quantum Lubrication: Suppression of Friction in a First Principle Four Stroke Heat Engine
Creators: name: Feldmann, Tova
name: Kosloff, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum model of a heat engine resembling the Otto cycle is employed to explore strategies to suppress frictional losses. These losses are caused by the inability of the engine's working medium to follow adiabatically the change in the Hamiltonian during the expansion and compression stages. By adding external noise to the engine, frictional losses can be suppressed.
description: references added some minor changes
Experimental study of the evolution of fault gouge in layered sand–clay sequences
Creators: name: Schmatz, Joyce
name: Vrolijk, Peter
name: Urai, Janos L.
name: Giese, Steffen
name: Ziegler, Martin
name: Zee, Wouter Van Der
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: This study focuses on clay smear processes during fault gouge evolution in sand-clay sequences at depths up to 2 km. A clay-rich fault gouge can dramatically lower the fault’s permeability, and prediction of this process is therefore relevant in groundwater modelling and hydrocarbon geology (Fulljames et al. 1997, Yielding et al 1997, van der Zee et al. 2003, 2005). We constructed an ‘underwater’ sandbox to deform layered sand-clay models of 20 × 40 × 20 cm above a 70°-dipping rigid basement fault. The experiments are run completely watersaturated to allow deformation of wet clay and cohesionless sand. The basement fault moves at 20 to 120mmh−1 to a maximum offset of 60 mm. We use quartz sand with grain size between 0.1 to 0.4mm and an illite-rich clay with a water content between 28 and 55 wt.%. Water content of the clay is used to control its shear strength and state of consolidation...
description: conference
Proof of a Conjecture on the Slit Plane Problem
Creators: name: Xin, Guoce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A15, 60K60.66

description: Let $a_{i,j}(n)$ denote the number of walks in $n$ steps from $(0,0)$ to $(i,j)$, with steps $(\pm 1,0)$ and $(0,\pm 1)$, never touching a point $(-k,0)$ with $k\ge 0$ after the starting point. \bous and Schaeffer conjectured a closed form for the number $a_{-i,i}(2n)$ when $i\ge 1$. In this paper, we prove their conjecture, and give a formula for $a_{-i,i}(2n)$ for $i\le -1$.
description: 7 pages
Breaching the epithelial barrier : Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium invasion and disruption of tight junctions
Creators: name: Boyle, Colleen Erin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: By invading epithelial cells and disrupting cell-cell junctions, Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. Typhimurium) employs both transcellular and paracellular mechanisms in order to overcome the barrier function of epithelial cell monolayers. The research presented in this thesis has focused on defining and elucidating both the host and bacterial factors required for S. Typhimurium to breach the epithelial barrier. Internalization of S. Typhimurium absolutely requires the actin cytoskeleton, yet only a few of the cytoskeletal components involved in this process have been identified. The recruitment of actin-associated proteins to the site of invasion was investigated in order to identify host proteins that may play a role in S. Typhimurium invasion. The role of several key cytoskeletal proteins was assayed to determine whether they were required for S. Typhimurium invasion. The actin-severing protein, gelsolin, was found to inhibit the invasion process while ezrin did not play an important role during S. Typhimurium invasion. The contribution of the recruited Src homology (SH) 2 adaptors to invasion was further investigated. While not involved in bacterial internalization itself, the adaptors Nck and ShcA influenced adherence of S. Typhimurium to non-phagocytic cells. Using the murine model of S. Typhimurium-induced colitis we investigated whether S. Typhimurium disrupted epithelial tight junctions in vivo. S. Typhimurium infection of mice caused a significant increase in intestinal permeability and resulted in the redistribution of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and claudin-3 in the colon. Using Salmonella pathogenicity island-1 (SPI-1)-secreted effector mutants we found that SopB, SopE, SopE2, and SipA are the specific effectors responsible for disruption of tight junction structure and function in vitro. Tight junction disruption by S. Typhimurium was prevented by inhibiting host protein geranylgeranylation but was not dependent on host protein synthesis or secretion of host-derived products. These data suggest that SPI-1-secreted effectors utilize their ability to stimulate Rho family GTPases to disrupt tight junction structure and function. Because the ability of S. Typhimurium to penetrate the intestinal epithelium is key to its pathogenesis, these studies significantly enhance our understanding host-pathogen interaction and the molecular events leading to disease.
title: A comparison of self- and other-attributions in paranoid, depressed and non-patient individuals
Creators: name: Byrne, Sarah
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1999

description: A "self-serving" attributional bias (attributing positive events to something about oneself, and negative events to external factors) commonly found in non-patients has been found to be exaggerated in patients with persecutory delusions. Moreover, research using a newly developed attribution measure, the Internal, Personal and Situational Attributions Questionnaire (IPSAQ; 1996), found that paranoid patients tended to exhibit a "personalizing bias" for negative events, choosing external attributions that located blame in others. Such attributional biases have been found in relation to self-referent events but it is unclear whether they are also found in relation to other-referent events. The present study investigated whether participants made differential attributions, depending on whether hypothetical events were happening to themselves or to another person. The IPSAQ was modified to incorporate another dimension: self- versus other-referent events. The modification was piloted on 21 non-patients and some additional alterations made. There is also debate about the relationship between self-esteem and depression in people with persecutory delusions. Consequently, this was also explored in the study. In the main study, there were 62 participants (20 patients with persecutory delusions, 21 depressed patients, 21 non-patients). Findings indicated acceptable test-retest and internal reliability for the IPSAQ-M. For self-referent events, paranoid participants made more external-personal attributions for negative events than depressed participants (but not non-patients). Depressed participants exhibited an abnormal attributional style. Paranoid participants did not exhibit an exaggerated self-serving bias or a personalizing bias. For other referent events, depressed patients made causal attributions similar to nonpatients. A difference in attributions, between self- and other-referent events, was less clear for paranoid participants. In addition, significant negative correlations were found between self-esteem and depression for all three groups, supporting a "normal emotional processes' account of persecutory delusions. Implications for psychological treatment and possible avenues for future research were discussed, as well as methodological and theoretical limitations of this study.
Regional fold structure analysis in the Eastern Alpi Apuane, Northern Apennine
Creators: name: Burchardt, Steffi
name: Kracke, Tobias
name: Molli, Giancarlo
name: Leiss, Bernd
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The Alpi Apuane represent a large tectonic window within the Northern Apennine in Italy. In this area, not only a complete succession of the tectonic units of the Northern Apennine can be studied, but also the structures that result from at least two Alpine deformational events. The rocks of the Alpi Apuane have been deposited from Triassic to Tertiary times on the Hercynian basement of the passive continental margin of the Apulian plate. The sedimentary succession included meta-dolostones, marbles, metacherts, schists, and turbiditic arenites. During late Oligocene more internal units (the Tuscan Nappe together with the overlying Ligurides and Sub- Ligurides) were thrusted over the External Tuscan Domain (Alpi Apuane). The Alpi Apuane stratigraphic sequence was subject to greenschist facies metamorphosis and severe deformation within a crustal scale shear zone. Kilometrescale tight recumbent folds developed during a first deformation event (D1). The successive crustal shortening resulted in a further tightening of folds and the formation of an antiformal stack geometry with a central culmination. This late phase of D1 produced a curving of N–S (Apenninic) trending folds towards an E–W (anti-Apenninic) trend. During Miocene the overthickened antiform underwent gravitational collapse resulting in the refolding of D1 structures producing D2 open and back folds. The studied field area is located in the Eastern Alpi Apuane between Arni and Isola Santa in an area of anti-Apenninic trending D1 folds. The purpose of this study is to contribute to an understanding of 1. how the anti-Apenninic fold trend is developed in the Eastern Alpi Apuane, 2. how the D2 deformational event influenced the D1 folds in the area, and 3. how the anti-Apenninic fold trend developed.
description: conference
Cheiracanthium erraticum
Creators: name: Isaia, Marco
name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Chiarle, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Miturgidae
Cheiracanthium
Cheiracanthium erraticum

description: Cheiracanthium erraticum (Walckenaer, 1802)
NEW DATA. — Entracque: Tetti Violin, grassland with bushes, 900-1100 m, 9.VI.2011, 1♀ (collected within the PIT Summer School 2011).
CHOROTYPE. — PAL.
MACROHABITAT. — Shrublands.
NOTES. — New record for the study area.
description: Published as part of Isaia, Marco, Paschetta, Mauro & Chiarle, Alberto, 2015, Annotated checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Site of Community Importance and Special Area of Conservation " Alpi Marittime " (NW Italy), pp. 57-114 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 92, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4577680
Deep learning the astrometric signature of dark matter substructure
Creators: name: Vattis, Kyriakos
name: Toomey, Michael W.
name: Koushiappas, Savvas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the application of machine learning techniques for the detection of the astrometric signature of dark matter substructure. In this proof of principle a population of dark matter subhalos in the Milky Way will act as lenses for sources of extragalactic origin such as quasars. We train {\it ResNet-18}, a state-of-the-art convolutional neural network to classify angular velocity maps of a population of quasars into lensed and no lensed classes. We show that an SKA -like survey with extended operational baseline can be used to probe the substructure content of the Milky Way, and demonstrate how axiomatic attribution can be used to localize substructures in lensing maps.
description: Replaced with version accepted for publication in Physics. Rev. D
Texturanalysen von Halitmyloniten aus den Salzstrukturen Gorleben, Morsleben und Teutschenthal
Creators: name: Seidel, Torben
name: Leiss, Bernd
name: Küster, Yvonne
name: Ullemeyer, Klaus
name: Schramm, Michael
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: Das Verständnis der Mechanismen und der Prozesse der Gefügeentwicklung und die damit verbundene Charakterisierung der anisotropen physikalischen Eigenschaften von natürlich deformiertem Steinsalz sind von grundlegender Bedeutung. So lassen sich damit u.a. Aussagen zur Entwicklung von Salzstrukturen vom mikroskopischen bis zum regionalen Maßstab machen, aber auch wichtige Parameter u.a. für den Kavernenbau oder die Endlagerung toxischer Stoffe in Salzstrukturen gewinnen. Ein wichtiger Gefügeparameter ist dabei die kristallographische Vorzugsorientierung (Textur). In der Literatur gibt es im Gegensatz zu Deformationsexperimenten und numerischen Simulationen relativ wenige Untersuchungen natürlicher deformierter Steinsalze (für einen Überblick siehe Scheffzük 1999). Die meisten der bislang untersuchten Proben sind Einzelproben und sind nicht nach mylonitischen oder rekristallisierten Steinsalzgesteinen unterschieden (u.a. Schwerdtner 1966, 1968, Goemann & Schumann 1977, Ertel 1987). Aussagen sind daher nicht zwingend repräsentativ und eine Charakterisierung der gesamten Salinarstruktur nicht möglich. Ziel unserer Arbeiten ist daher eine strukturbezogene (Falten, Scherzonen etc.) Gefügecharakterisierung durch Korrelation von Kornformanalysen, Texturen, makroskopischen Strukturen im dm- bis 10er Meter Bereich und der gesamten Salzstruktur...
description: conference
Universal differential calculus on ternary algebras
Creators: name: Bazunova, N.
name: Borowiec, A.
name: Kerner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L87, 58B34, 20N10

description: General concept of ternary algebras is introduced in this article, along with several examples of its realization. Universal envelope of such algebras is defined, as well as the concept of tri-modules over ternary algebras. The universal differential calculus on these structures is then defined and its basic properties investigated.
Citizen & Open Science in Higher Education: Co-creating a Shared Vision
Creators: name: Gorp (van), Dirk
name: Yankelevich, Tatsiana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Citizen Science
Open Science

description: This vision-building workshop was designed to foster best practices and co-design novel approaches to citizens and open science integration in Higher Education. Participants were encouraged to actively discuss and present their experience in this field, collaboration initiatives, models and tools they have found useful, as well as effective ways to engage external stakeholders to find innovative solutions to common problems.
Dependence of critical parameters of 2D Ising model on lattice size
Creators: name: Kryzhanovsky, Boris V.
name: Malsagov, Magomed Yu.
name: Karandashev, Iakov M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For the 2D Ising model, we analyzed dependences of thermodynamic characteristics on number of spins by means of computer simulations. We compared experimental data obtained using the Fisher-Kasteleyn algorithm on a square lattice with $N=l{\times}l$ spins and the asymptotic Onsager solution ($N\to\infty$). We derived empirical expressions for critical parameters as functions of $N$ and generalized the Onsager solution on the case of a finite-size lattice. Our analytical expressions for the free energy and its derivatives (the internal energy, the energy dispersion and the heat capacity) describe accurately the results of computer simulations. We showed that when $N$ increased the heat capacity in the critical point increased as $lnN$. We specified restrictions on the accuracy of the critical temperature due to finite size of our system. Also in the finite-dimensional case, we obtained expressions describing temperature dependences of the magnetization and the correlation length. They are in a good qualitative agreement with the results of computer simulations by means of the dynamic Metropolis Monte Carlo method.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
The Cronin Effect, Quantum Evolution and the Color Glass Condensate
Creators: name: Jalilian-Marian, Jamal
name: Nara, Yasushi
name: Venugopalan, Raju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the numerical solution of the classical SU(3) Yang-Mills equations of motion in the McLerran-Venugopalan model for gluon production in central heavy ion collisions leads to a suppresion at low $p_t$ and an enhancement at the intermediate $p_t$ region as compared to peripheral heavy ion and pp collisions at the same energy. Our results are compared to previous, Color Glass Condensate inspired calculations of gluon production in heavy ion collisions. We revisit the predictions of the Color Glass Condensate model for $pA$ ($dA$) collisions in Leading Order and show that quantum evolution--in particular the phenomenon of geometric scaling and change of anomalous dimensions--preserves the Cronin enhancement of $pA$ cross section (when normalized to the leading twist term) in the Leading Order approximation even though the $p_t$ spectrum can change. We comment on the case when gluon radiation is included.
description: 6pages, 4figures, revised version
Success probability for selectively neutral invading species in the line model with a random fitness landscape
Creators: name: Farhang-Sardroodi, Suzan
name: Komarova, Natalia L.
name: Michelen, Marcus
name: Pemantle, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60K37, 92D25

description: We consider a spatial (line) model for invasion of a population by a single mutant with a stochastically selectively neutral fitness landscape, independent from the fitness landscape for non-mutants. This model is similar to those considered in Farhang-Sardroodi et al. [PLOS Comput. Biol., 13(11), 2017; J. R. Soc. Interface, 16(157), 2019]. We show that the probability of mutant fixation in a population of size $N$, starting from a single mutant, is greater than $1/N$, which would be the case if there were no variation in fitness whatsoever. In the small variation regime, we recover precise asymptotics for the success probability of the mutant. This demonstrates that the introduction of randomness provides an advantage to minority mutations in this model, and shows that the advantage increases with the system size. We further demonstrate that the mutants have an advantage in this setting only because they are better at exploiting unusually favorable environments when they arise, and not because they are any better at exploiting pockets of favorability in an environment that is selectively neutral overall.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures
Tidal Disruption Disks Formed and Fed by Stream-Stream and Stream-Disk Interactions in Global GRHD Simulations
Creators: name: Andalman, Zachary L.
name: Liska, Matthew T. P.
name: Tchekhovskoy, Alexander
name: Coughlin, Eric R.
name: Stone, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a star passes close to a supermassive black hole (BH), the BH's tidal forces rip it apart into a thin stream, leading to a tidal disruption event (TDE). In this work, we study the post-disruption phase of TDEs in general relativistic hydrodynamics (GRHD) using our GPU-accelerated code H-AMR. We carry out the first grid-based simulation of a deep-penetration TDE ($β$=7) with realistic system parameters: a black-hole-to-star mass ratio of $10^6$, a parabolic stellar trajectory, and a nonzero BH spin. We also carry out a simulation of a tilted TDE whose stellar orbit is inclined relative to the BH midplane. We show that for our aligned TDE, an accretion disk forms due to the dissipation of orbital energy with $\sim$20 percent of the infalling material reaching the BH. The dissipation is initially dominated by violent self-intersections and later by stream-disk interactions near the pericenter. The self-intersections completely disrupt the incoming stream, resulting in five distinct self-intersection events separated by approximately 12 hours and a flaring in the accretion rate. We also find that the disk is eccentric with mean eccentricity e$\approx$0.88. For our tilted TDE, we find only partial self-intersections due to nodal precession near pericenter. Although these partial intersections eject gas out of the orbital plane, an accretion disk still forms with a similar accreted fraction of the material to the aligned case. These results have important implications for disk formation in realistic tidal disruptions. For instance, the periodicity in accretion rate induced by the complete stream disruption may explain the flaring events from Swift J1644+57.
description: Accepted to MNRAS on November 23rd, 2021, 23 pages, 25 figures, uses mnras.cls. Comments welcome. Movies available at https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL7YbfRC6zxzAqIPXWbJgXpr4Wq_nwHiDu
Influence of viscosity on growth of high pressure phases in computer experiments
Creators: name: Sachau, Till
name: Koehn, Daniel
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The general aim of the project is the examination of microstructures that develop under HP conditions in computer experiments. Starting point is an interest in the dynamics of HP phase transitions, as for instance the probably catastrophic phase-change event of olivine to spinel in the upper mantle. This is either explained by large overpressure or failure during the development of micro-structures during the growth of the spinel phase. Experimental results on this subject are rare, and do not lead by themselves to a deeper insight into the complicated stress/strain/volumechange/ micro-crack relationships of the transition. We developed a central force spring model, where particles can undergo a phase change using parameters of olivine and spinel. The algorithm is capable of simulating the local growth of the mentioned phases on the basis of direction-dependant rate laws. In the current context newtonian viscosity is added to the previously solely elastic system, since under HP/HT conditions the viscous flow within the material will have a large influence on the distribution of elastic energies, which in turn have an important influence on the driving force of the transition. Thus we are dealing with a visco-elastic system, which will be subjected to timedependant strain.
description: conference
Quantum Abacus
Creators: name: Cheon, Taksu
name: Tsutsui, Izumi
name: Fulop, Tamas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the U(2) family of point interactions on a line can be utilized to provide the U(2) family of qubit operations for quantum information processing. Qubits are realized as localized states in either side of the point interaction which represents a controllable gate. The manipulation of qubits proceeds in a manner analogous to the operation of an abacus. Keywords: quantum computation, quantum contact interaction, quantum wire
description: 4 Pages ReVTeX4 with 3 figures
title: Aristotle's view of human nature as a basis for ethical theory
Creators: name: Watt, Stephen John
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 1998

description: The thesis examines Aristotle's ethical theory with primary reference to the Nicomachean Ethics (ED. It argues that the EX is intended not to improve its audience ethically, but rather to give it the political tools to pass an its already good life. The EN does this by articulating the goodness of that life and thus allowing the audience to enter effectively into ethical discussions. These form part of the process of passing on the good life by way of legislation in the polls and by more informal methods in institutions such as the household. The thesis examines in particular the accounts of practical reason, pleasure and the ergon argument in the Elf, and seeks to understand them in this context. It argues that by allowing the audience to improve the transmission of its values over the generations and by allowing its menbers to articulate the value of so doing, it moves the audience's life closer to divine perfection.
Echemus angustifrons
Creators: name: Isaia, Marco
name: Paschetta, Mauro
name: Chiarle, Alberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Gnaphosidae
Echemus
Echemus angustifrons

description: Echemus angustifrons (Westring, 1861)
NEW DATA. — Entracque: Torrente Bousset, Trinità di Entracque, stream bank, among gravels, 1000-1200 m, 29.VI.2007, 1♀, leg. K. Wolf-Schwenninger & H. Schwenninger.
CHOROTYPE. — SIE.
MACROHABITAT. — Riparian habitats.
NOTES. — New record for the study area.
description: Published as part of Isaia, Marco, Paschetta, Mauro & Chiarle, Alberto, 2015, Annotated checklist of the spiders (Arachnida, Araneae) of the Site of Community Importance and Special Area of Conservation " Alpi Marittime " (NW Italy), pp. 57-114 in Zoosystema 37 (1) on page 95, DOI: 10.5252/z2015n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4577680
Structural control of fluid flow on a carbonate platform margin: an example from the Otavi Mountainland, Namibia
Creators: name: Laukamp, Carsten
name: Petzel, Volker
name: Bechstädt, Thilo
Publisher: name: Universitätsverlag Göttingen
Year: 2006

description: The present study focuses on the northwestern OML, southwest of the mining town of Tsumeb. The dominating structure in this area is the NW-SE striking Guinas Fault. The Guinas Fault is a shear zone that divides an area, which is different in sense of stratigraphic features, the grade of pre-, syn- and post- Damaran deformation and the type and grade of mineralisation. The northern area is enriched by Cu-rich base metal sulphides, whereas the southern area is almost barren.
description: conference
Stochastic resource allocation in wireless networks
Creators: name: Farrokh, Arsalan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This thesis presents several efficient and adaptive resource allocation schemes in wireless networks under the framework of Markov Decision Problem (MDP). In particular, we formulate meaningful trade-offs for three specific resource allocation problems as MDPs and show that their solutions exhibit certain special structures. In each case, by utilizing the underlying structure, we present a resource allocation solution that is computationally inexpensive and is scalable in terms of the system parameters. First, we present opportunistic algorithms in scheduling High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) users that exploit channel and buffer variations to increase the probability of uninterrupted media play-out. We formulate a feasibility problem with stability and robustness Quality-of-Service (QoS) constraints. A methodology for obtaining a feasible solution is proposed by starting with a stable algorithm that satisfies the stability QoS constraints. Next, we present optimal adaptive modulation and coding policies that minimize the transmission latency and modulation/coding switching cost across finite-state Markovian fading channels. The optimal tradeoff between the transmission delay and the switching costs is formulated as a discounted cost infinite horizon MDP. We show that under certain sufficient conditions optimal modulation and coding selection policies are monotone in the state variables. Finally, we present an ARQ-based power and retransmission control policy that achieves an optimal tradeoff between transmission power, delay, and packet drop penalty costs. Under certain sufficient conditions, we show that the optimal power and retransmission control policies are monotone in the channel quality, the penalty cost, and the number of the retransmission slots left.
The apsidal corotation in mean motion resonance: the 55 Cancri as an example
Creators: name: Zhou, Li-Yong
name: Lehto, Harry J.
name: Sun, Yi-Sui
name: Zheng, Jia-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The inner two planets around the 55 Cancri were found to be trapped in the 3:1 mean motion resonance. In this paper, we study the dynamics of this extra-solar planetary system. Our numerical investigation confirms the existence of the 3:1 resonance and implies a complex orbital motion. Different stable motion types, with and without the apsidal corotation, are found. Due to the high eccentricities in this system, we apply a semi-analytical method based on a new expansion of the Hamiltonian of the planar three-body problem in the discussion. We analyse the occurrence of the apsidal corotation in this mean motion resonance and its influence on the stability of the system.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures. Revised version for submitting to MNRAS
Investigation of Finite-size 2D Ising Model with a Noisy Matrix of Spin-Spin Interactions
Creators: name: Kryzhanovsky, Boris
name: Malsagov, Magomed
name: Karandashev, Iakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze changes in the thermodynamic properties of a spin system when it passes from the classical two-dimensional Ising model to the spin glass model, where spin-spin interactions are random in their values and signs. Formally, the transition reduces to a gradual change in the amplitude of the multiplicative noise (distributed uniformly with a mean equal to one) superimposed over the initial Ising matrix of interacting spins. Considering the noise, we obtain analytical expressions that are valid for lattices of finite sizes. We compare our results with the results of computer simulations performed for square $N=L{\times}L$ lattices with linear dimensions $L = 50÷1000$. We find experimentally the dependencies of the critical values (the critical temperature, the internal energy, entropy and the specific heat) as well as the dependencies of the energy of the ground state and its magnetization on the amplitude of the noise. We show that when the variance of the noise reaches one, there is a jump of the ground state from the fully correlated state to an uncorrelated state and its magnetization jumps from 1 to 0. In the same time, a phase transition that is present at a lower level of the noise disappears.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
CEDROS WILT DISEASE AND ITS OBSERVED EPIDEMIOLOGICAL LIMITATIONS
Creators: name: Griffith, R.
name: Griffith, R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The hypothesis cited is that given a certain increase in the Pentatomid vector population in the presence of the pathogen for Cedros wilt, which has become endemic in coconut palms in a country, the disease will increase to a certain level until the vector species reverts back in phase with the controlling factors of the ecosystem and cause the disease to level off at an asymptote, keeping it endemic without destroying the farm. However, complete destruction of the remaining palms can result from an abundance of the weed host (Asclejoias curassavica), supplying incidental vector Oncopeltus. which feeds randomly on individual palms causing random multiple infections and so final destruction of the farm. Thus the agroecosystem, by removal of palms and reduction in numbers of the secondary Pentatomid vector, controls the disease only in the secondary and epidemic phase, but can also maintain infection at a threshold level associated with the latent population of the vector Pentatomid.