cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Minimum-Cost Multicast over Coded Packet Networks
Creators: name: Lun, Desmond S.
name: Ratnakar, Niranjan
name: Medard, Muriel
name: Koetter, Ralf
name: Karger, David R.
name: Ho, Tracey
name: Ahmed, Ebad
name: Zhao, Fang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of establishing minimum-cost multicast connections over coded packet networks, i.e. packet networks where the contents of outgoing packets are arbitrary, causal functions of the contents of received packets. We consider both wireline and wireless packet networks as well as both static multicast (where membership of the multicast group remains constant for the duration of the connection) and dynamic multicast (where membership of the multicast group changes in time, with nodes joining and leaving the group). For static multicast, we reduce the problem to a polynomial-time solvable optimization problem, and we present decentralized algorithms for solving it. These algorithms, when coupled with existing decentralized schemes for constructing network codes, yield a fully decentralized approach for achieving minimum-cost multicast. By contrast, establishing minimum-cost static multicast connections over routed packet networks is a very difficult problem even using centralized computation, except in the special cases of unicast and broadcast connections. For dynamic multicast, we reduce the problem to a dynamic programming problem and apply the theory of dynamic programming to suggest how it may be solved.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures; to appear in IEEE Transactions on Information Theory (special issue on Networking and Information Theory); revised version, with major changes
Economic Consequences of Pollinator Declines: A Synthesis
Creators: name: Bauer, Dana Marie
name: Sue Wing, Ian
name: Bauer, Dana Marie
name: Sue Wing, Ian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ecosystem services
subject: pollinators
subject: food security
subject: valuation
subject: computable general equilibrium modeling

description: This paper surveys the literature on pollinator declines and related concerns regarding global food security. Methods for valuing the economic risks associated with pollinator declines are also reviewed. A computable general equilibrium (CGE) approach is introduced to assess the effects of a global catastrophic loss of pollinators. There appears to be evidence supporting a trend towards future pollinator shortages in the United States and other regions of the world. Results from the CGE model show economic risks to both direct crop sectors and indirect non-crop sectors in the economy, with some amount of regional heterogeneity.
Causal representation of multi-loop Feynman integrands within the loop-tree duality
Creators: name: Aguilera-Verdugo, J. Jesus
name: Hernandez-Pinto, Roger J.
name: Rodrigo, German
name: Sborlini, German F. R.
name: Bobadilla, William J. Torres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The numerical evaluation of multi-loop scattering amplitudes in the Feynman representation usually requires to deal with both physical (causal) and unphysical (non-causal) singularities. The loop-tree duality (LTD) offers a powerful framework to easily characterise and distinguish these two types of singularities, and then simplify analytically the underling expressions. In this paper, we work explicitly on the dual representation of multi-loop Feynman integrals generated from three parent topologies, which we refer to as Maximal, Next-to-Maximal and Next-to-Next-to-Maximal loop topologies. In particular, we aim at expressing these dual contributions, independently of the number of loops and internal configurations, in terms of causal propagators only. Thus, providing very compact and causal integrand representations to all orders. In order to do so, we reconstruct their analytic expressions from numerical evaluation over finite fields. This procedure implicitly cancels out all unphysical singularities. We also interpret the result in terms of entangled causal thresholds. In view of the simple structure of the dual expressions, we integrate them numerically up to four loops in integer space-time dimensions, taking advantage of their smooth behaviour at integrand level.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures. v2: references added; matches published version
Detecting the Cosmic Web: Lyα Emission from Simulated Filaments at z=3
Creators: name: Elias, Lydia M.
name: Genel, Shy
name: Sternberg, Amiel
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
name: Visbal, Eli
name: Bouché, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The standard cosmological model ($Λ$CDM) predicts the existence of the cosmic web: a distribution of matter into sheets and filaments connecting massive halos. However, observational evidence has been elusive due to the low surface brightness of the filaments. Recent deep MUSE/VLT data and upcoming observations offer a promising avenue for Ly$α$ detection, motivating the development of modern theoretical predictions. We use hydrodynamical cosmological simulations run with the AREPO code to investigate the potential detectability of large-scale filaments, excluding contributions from the halos embedded in them. We focus on filaments connecting massive ($M_{200c}\sim(1-3)\times10^{12} M_\odot$) halos at z=3, and compare different simulation resolutions, feedback levels, and mock-image pixel sizes. We find increasing simulation resolution does not substantially improve detectability notwithstanding the intrinsic enhancement of internal filament structure. By contrast, for a MUSE integration of 31 hours, including feedback increases the detectable area by a factor of $\simeq$5.5 on average compared with simulations without feedback, implying that even the non-bound components of the filaments have substantial sensitivity to feedback. Degrading the image resolution from the native MUSE scale of (0.2")$^2$ per pixel to (5.3")$^2$ apertures has the strongest effect, increasing the detectable area by a median factor of $\simeq$200 and is most effective when the size of the pixel roughly matches the width of the filament. Finally, we find the majority of Ly$α$ emission is due to electron impact collisional excitations, as opposed to radiative recombination.
Estimation of the Economic Efficiency of Cashew Nut Production in Benin
Creators: name: Arouna, Aminou
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
name: Arouna, Aminou
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Benin
subject: efficiency analysis
subject: exported products
subject: cashew nut
subject: policy

description: This study contributes to the debate regarding the competitiveness of developing countries in the context of globalization. To take advantage of this trend, developing countries will have to position themselves properly through new policies and efficiency in production. In Benin, new orientation of agricultural policy concerns the diversification of exported products. Therefore, and due to the decrease of international price of cotton which represents the main exported crop, cashew nut, the second exported crop by Benin, becomes more interesting for government policy. The study quantified cashew nut production farmers’ efficiency using a stochastic production frontier and a cost function combined with numerical classification. Primary data were collected from a stratified random sample of 262 farmers in Benin. Using numerical classification, we distinguished three classes from cashew nut producers with an average plantation area of 3.6; 8.9 and 20 hectares. The results showed that scale effect was absent because larger farmers were not more efficient than the small ones. Results also revealed significant inefficient of input use in cashew nut production in Benin. Yet, about 39 % and 61 % of the cashew nuts’ farmers were technically and economically inefficient, respectively, indicating that farmers could increase output and households income through better use of available resources. The study also revealed that the farmers who were technically and economically inefficient have less experience in of cashew nut production, less contact with the extension structure and are not member of a farmers’ association.
The Conflict of International Agreements in Air Law: A Reasonable Plea for Conventional Uniform Rules
Creators: name: El Maknouzi, Mohammed El Hadi
name: Jadalhaq, Iyad Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of Bologna Law Review
Year: 2021

description: This note surveys the roots of a phenomenon called “conflict of international agreements”, which forms a distinctive source of legal uncertainty in trans-border disputes, with a particularly high incidence in the field of air law. The authors suggest that the conflict of international agreements should be understood as an added layer of legal complexity in trans-border air law disputes, beyond the customary questions around applicable law and jurisdictional competence that are commonplace in private international law. The first part of this study maps the main factors that have led to the emergence of this peculiar conflict in the domain of air law. Among them are the following: the fact that national air law legislations have typically been developed by catching up with prior international regulatory initiatives (to the point of inserting, in national provisions, named references to specific treaties); the development of international air law through different generations of treaties with non-overlapping memberships; the possibility for different degrees of membership within the same treaty, and the succession of states. All these factors contribute to the possibility that a judge, tasked with a trans-border air law dispute, might first need to determine the international agreement under which the dispute falls, to settle preliminary questions of applicable law or jurisdiction. Or that he or she might end up—after following the trail of foreign legislation when settling a conflict of laws—having to apply treaties that might not be compatible with the international obligations of his or her jurisdiction of belonging. The second part of this study then looks at a sample of existing strategies for resolving such uncertainty, by looking at the Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties, the jurisprudence of the French Conseil d’État, and doctrinal commentary. As a result, the study finds that the horizontality of international law and the difficulty posed by non-overlapping treaty memberships (so that different rules apply to different sets of states) is, at present, insurmountable. This leaves the possibility open, for instance, that a competent court might have to choose between (i) deferring to private international law norms that might lead to the application of incompatible treaties binding in a foreign legal system, and (ii) applying the different treaties ratified by the state of the competent court. This is what case-by-case decision-making at the point of adjudication might entail, in the absence of a renewed impetus for harmonisation. It is on this basis that the authors conclude with a reasoned plea for new initiatives aiming at greater uniformity in international air law.
description: University of Bologna Law Review, Vol. 6 No. 2 (2021)
Examining the dimensions of governance that are relevant for private investment
Creators: name: Vu Le, Quan
name: Rishi, Meenakshi
name: Vu Le, Quan
name: Rishi, Meenakshi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Private investment
subject: governance
subject: developing economies.

description: Which types of governance indicators matter the most for private investment? This short paper answers the question by examining the impact of specific governance indicators on private investment in a cross-section of developing economies. Results indicate that an effective government that includes competent and independent civil service and credible governmental policies are positively associated with private investment. Fair and predictable rules of the game that determine the extent to which property rights are protected also facilitate greater private investment. Based on this the paper concludes that since some indicators of governance matter more than others, targeted institutional reform that focuses first on the significant dimensions may be key to facilitating private investment in developing areas.
Observation of spin-bottleneck due to spin-charge separation in a superconductor
Creators: name: Leridon, B.
name: Lesueur, J.
name: Aprili, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental device was designed to measure the effect of the injection of spin-polarized carriers on the superconductive gap and density-of-states (DOS). Quasiparticles were injected from a ferromagnet ($Ni_{0.8}Fe_{0.2}$) through a tunnel junction into a conventional superconductor (Nb), while charge neutrality was maintained by a supercurrent. The DOS of the superconductor was measured through a second tunnel junction with a normal paramagnetic metal. No significant decrease of the superconductive gap was observed while a noticeable heating of the quasiparticles of the superconductor was measured. A similar experiment performed with current injected from a paramagnet (Al or Ag) showed no heating of quasiparticles. These observations are consistent with spin-charge separation of Bogoliubov quasi-particles and spin-bottleneck due to the enhanced recombination time of pure spin-excitations.
description: minor replacements
Computerized screening in adolescents and young adults with ADHD
Creators: name: Strangway, Carrie Lynn
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study examined the sensitivity of a computerized neuropsychological screening battery (ImPACT) to the cognitive effects of ADHD in a sample of 68 young adults with ADHD and 68 healthy students matched for age, education, gender, and history of head injury. Students with ADHD self-reported more cognitive difficulties on the Post-Concussion Scale of ImPACT (p < .005, d = .68, medium-large effect size), and performed more poorly on the Memory Composite (p < .005, d = .50, medium effect size). The two groups did not differ significantly on the Processing Speed Composite or the Impulse Control Composite. There was a nonsignificant trend for the individuals with ADHD to display slower reaction times (p < .076, d = .33, small effect size). This is the second study using fmPACT in ADHD research. The brevity and sensitivity of fmPACT to the cognitive effects of ADHD warrants further research with this population.
Scheduling a multi class queue with many exponential servers: asymptotic optimality in heavy traffic
Creators: name: Atar, Rami
name: Mandelbaum, Avi
name: Reiman, Martin I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K25, 68M20, 90B22, 90B36, 49L20 (Primary)

description: We consider the problem of scheduling a queueing system in which many statistically identical servers cater to several classes of impatient customers. Service times and impatience clocks are exponential while arrival processes are renewal. Our cost is an expected cumulative discounted function, linear or nonlinear, of appropriately normalized performance measures. As a special case, the cost per unit time can be a function of the number of customers waiting to be served in each class, the number actually being served, the abandonment rate, the delay experienced by customers, the number of idling servers, as well as certain combinations thereof. We study the system in an asymptotic heavy-traffic regime where the number of servers n and the offered load r are simultaneously scaled up and carefully balanced: n\approx r+β\sqrtr for some scalar β. This yields an operation that enjoys the benefits of both heavy traffic (high server utilization) and light traffic (high service levels.)
The permanent tide and the International Height Reference Frame IHRF
Creators: name: Mäkinen, Jaakko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The International Height Reference System (IHRS) adopted by the IAG in 2015 contains two novelties. First, the mean-tide system is adopted for handling the permanent tide. Second, the reference level of height system is defined by the equipotential surface where the geopotential has a conventional value W0=62636853.4 m2s-2. This value was first determined empirically to provide a good approximation to the global mean sea level and then adopted as a reference value by convention. I analyse the tidal aspects of the reference level based on W0. The W0 is by definition independent of the tidal system adopted for the equipotential surface, but for different tidal systems, different functions are involved in the W of the equation W=W0. I find that the empirical determination of the adopted estimate W0 is inconsistent from the viewpoint of tidal systems. However, the adopted estimate and the consistent estimate from the same data round off to the same value. I propose a simplified definition of IHRF geopotential numbers that would make it possible to transform between IHRF and zero-tide geopotential numbers using a simple datum-difference surface. IHRF should adopt a conventional (best) estimate of the permanent tidal potential such as is contained in the IERS Conventions and use it as a basis for other conventional formulas. The tide-free coordinates of the ITRF, and tide-free Global Geopotential Models are central in the modelling of geopotential for the purposes of the IHRF. I present a set of correction formulas that can be used to move to the zero-tide model before, in the middle, or after the processing, and finally to the mean-tide IHRF. To reduce the confusion around the multitude of tidal systems I propose that modelling should primarily done in the zero-tide system, with the mean-tide potential as an add-on.
description: Submitted to Journal of Geodesy. Several misprints and omissions corrected from the first and second versions. Introduction enlarged. New subsection added to section 5. Supplementary information included
title: Проектирование цифровых спутниковых систем связи и вещания
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Московский технический университет связи и информатики
Year: 2006

description: В пособии приведены сведения, которыми студенты могут руководствоваться при выполнении дипломных проектов, посвященных проектированию цифровых спутниковых систем связи и вещания. Выбор и обоснование системных параметров таких систем обсуждается на примере проектирования сети передачи данных на основе технологии VSAT и проектирования комбинированной системы цифрового радиовещания. Описание основных особенностей технологий VSAT и цифрового радиовещания дано в объеме, достаточном для осмысленного использования рекомендованной литературы в процессе выполнения дипломного проекта. Специальные разделы пособия посвящены принципиальным вопросам проектирования – расчету помехоустойчивости цифровых каналов и энергетическому расчету спутниковых линий связи.
Taux et déterminants de l’adoption des technologies agricoles : cas des
Creators: name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: yam
subject: information
subject: adoption
subject: ATE
subject: TDrs varieties
subject: Benin

description: In spite of the socio-economic importance of yam, his production is still facing serious constraints as no availability and inadequacy of seed tubers. In order to cope with these constraints, International of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has developed improved varieties of which we have TDrs’ varieties. Many years after their extension in Benin, it’s then important to evaluate their adoption rate and identify factors which determine this adoption. This study’s aim is to contribute to this evaluation. Data used came from 202 yam producers randomly selected in villages pertain to Borgou and Collines’s regions. The framework developed by Reed et al. (1991) and the counterfactual outcomes framework estimating the Average Treatment Effect have been respectively used to analyze on the one hand yam producers’ perceptions and on the other hand the rate and determinants of the TDrs varieties’ adoption. Results indicate that the information rate is 44 % and the main factors determine information access are the participation on trials activities, being member of yam producers’ association, contact with extension agents and the revenue proving by yam production. The results also reveal that aptitude to a good pounded yam, yield, markets value and aptitude to be consumed as boiled yam are the main criteria that yam producers are looked for when choosing any yam varieties. Aptitude to a good pounded yam remains the only criterion not met by the TDrs varieties promoting. The adoption of theses varieties is influenced by producers’ access to information, their age and their perception about aptitude to be transformed in chips and markets value. The TDrs population adoption rate is estimated to be 37 % in 2007 and is projected to reach up to 65 % in the long term.
Additional file 2 of Key factors for national spread and scale-up of an eConsult innovation
Creators: name: Moroz, Isabella
name: Archibald, Douglas
name: Mylaine Breton
name: Cote-Boileau, Elizabeth
name: Crowe, Lois
name: Horsley, Tanya
name: Lirjie Hyseni
name: Johar, Gina
name: Keely, Erin
name: Burns, Katharina Kovacs
name: Kuziemsky, Craig
name: Laplante, Jim
name: Mihan, Ariana
name: Oppenheimer, Luis
name: Sturge, Don
name: Tuot, Delphine S.
name: Liddy, Clare
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. National Forum – List of transcripts, showing which of the transcribed transcripts were analyzed.
Empirical research findings on telework: Management experiences and attitudes
Creators: name: Forgacs, Tamas
name: Forgacs, Tamas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Telework
subject: employment
subject: regional development.

description: Based on the technological progress and the complex work processes of our increasingly globalised world, novel ways of organising work can be seen everywhere. The EU has defined atypical forms of employment as breakthrough points in improving employment indices. Telework is probably the most innovative atypical working form, offering huge amount of benefits for the employer, employee and the society. Gaining a deeper understanding of employment trends and employers’ decision-making mechanisms, we can understand the specifics of this spreading working form, and we can use this knowledge to stimulate the employment trends. This study summarises the finding of an empirical research among medium and large enterprises in Hungary using telework.
Perception paysanne et adoption des biopesticides et/ou extraits botaniques en production maraîchère au Bénin
Creators: name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Arouna, Aminou
name: Adekambi, Souleimane Adeyemi
name: Adegbola, Patrice Ygue
name: Arouna, Aminou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: perception
subject: adoption
subject: biopesticides
subject: botanical extracts
subject: vegetables

description: The importance of farmers’ perceptions of characteristics on agricultural innovation adoption has increased these two decades. Empirical studies revealed that in addition to farmers’ socioeconomic characteristics and institutional factors, farmers’ perceptions of the innovation-specific characteristics are particularly important in determining whether or not to adopt them. This study assessed vegetables farmers’ perceptions of botanical extracts and biopesticides compared with current chemical pesticides. It also examined the relationship between farmers’ perceptions and the adoption of botanical extracts and biopesticides. Data were collected from a stratified randomly sample of 198 vegetables farmers selected in vegetable producing zones in Benin and interviewed for their use and perceptions on the efficiency of the botanical extracts and biopesticides on the pests and diseases they faced. The paper used on the one hand the ordered probit to identify factors that are likely to affect farmers’ perceptions and on the other hand the selection model to estimate the impact of these perceptions on botanical extracts and biopesticides adoption. Results indicated that botanical extracts and biopesticides were perceived by farmers to have slow action, require more labor and skill for the extraction and require many sprays. Empirical results from the ordered probit showed that farmers’ perceptions of botanical extracts and biopesticides varied according to their experience in vegetables production, education level, contact with extension agents and researchers as well as gender. The results from the selection model indicate that farmers’ perceptions have currently a negative and significant impact of vegetables on botanical extracts and biopesticides adoption.
Determining smallholder farmers’ preferences for Push-Pull technology dissemination pathways in western Kenya
Creators: name: Murage, Alice W.
name: Amudavi, David Mulama
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Chianu, Jonas
name: Khan, Zeyaur R.
name: Murage, Alice W.
name: Amudavi, David Mulama
name: Obare, Gideon A.
name: Chianu, Jonas
name: Khan, Zeyaur R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Push-pull technology
subject: Stemborer
subject: Striga
subject: Dissemination pathways
subject: preference

description: The push-pull technology (PPT) has widely been disseminated to control stemborer (Chilo partellus and Busseola fusca) and Striga weeds (Striga hermonthica and Striga asiatica) in maize fields in Kenya. This study examined farmers’ preferences for various dissemination pathways in order to proffer better targeting of resources in an optimal dissemination strategy. The pathways considered were public meetings (barazas), radio, farmer field schools (FFS), field days (FD), farmer teachers (FT), the fellow farmers (FF) and print materials. Using a weighted score index and ordered probit regression, the different pathways were sequentially ranked as FD, FT, FFS, FF, print materials, Radio, and barazas. Marginal effects from ordered probit showed that farmers had the least preferences for baraza and radio pathways. The farmer categories with the highest preference for particular pathways were: less educated farmers for FD, farmers with small land sizes for FT, farmers belonging to groups for FFS, and young educated farmers for the print materials. This information is extremely important for targeting the different segments of farmers.
Research in Agricultural Futures Markets: Integrating the Finance and Marketing Approach
Creators: name: Pennings, Joost M.E.
name: Egelkraut, Thorsten M.
name: Pennings, Joost M.E.
name: Egelkraut, Thorsten M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: agricultural futures markets
subject: research approaches
subject: financemarketing integration

description: In a brief literature review, we discuss how our insight into the grounds of existence of futures markets has changed from the initial insurance perspective, to the arbitrage perspective, to the portfolio perspective, and to the current institutional perspective. We discuss futures market research within agricultural marketing, on the one hand, and within finance, on the other hand. The research within these two disciplines may be considered complementary. Subsequently, a new research model is presented which integrates both strains of research. The new research model is illustrated for the Dutch hog industry. This model is a powerful instrument in the development of new commodity futures contracts. Finally, a future research agenda for agricultural economists is presented.
Testing gravity theories with cosmic microwave background in the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor theory
Creators: name: Hiramatsu, Takashi
name: Yamauchi, Daisuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the framework of the degenerate higher-order scalar-tensor (DHOST) theory to test gravity theories. This theoretical framework includes the wide class of dark energy models such as the Horndeski theory and its extensions as certain limits, and the general relativity can be also recovered. In this study, to test gravity theories with CMB, we formulate the linear perturbations of gravity and matter in the theory and their effective description parameterised by time-dependent effective field theory (EFT) parameters, $α_i$ $(i=B,K,T,M,H,L)$ and $β_i$ $(i=1,2,3)$. Based on the resultant DHOST framework, we develop a numerical code to solve Boltzmann equations consistently. We then show that the angular power spectra of the CMB temperature anisotropies, E-mode and lensing potential as a demonstration and find that the parameter characterising the DHOST theory, $β_1$, provides the larger modifications of the spectra, compared with other EFT parameters. We also show the results in the case of a specific model in which the cosmic expansion as well as the EFT parameters are consistently determined.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, 1 table
Population synthesis for low and intermediate mass binaries
Creators: name: Yungelson, L. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review of the basic principles of the population synthesis for binary stars is presented. We discuss the break-up of low and intermediate mass close binaries over different evolutionary scenarios and, as an example, briefly consider results of the population synthesis for SN Ia.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, to appear in INTERACTING BINARIES: Accretion, Evolution and Outcomes, AIP, Eds: L. A. Antonelli, L. Burderi, F. D'Antona, T. Di Salvo, G.L. Israel, L. Piersanti, O. Straniero, A. Tornambe`
Additional file 1 of Social media as a recruitment platform for a nationwide online survey of COVID-19 knowledge, beliefs, and practices in the United States: methodology and feasibility analysis
Creators: name: Shahmir H. Ali
name: Foreman, Joshua
name: Capasso, Ariadna
name: Jones, Abbey M.
name: Yesim Tozan
name: DiClemente, Ralph J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Requirements to Detect the Monoenergetic Photon Signature of Thermal Cold Dark Matter in PeV-Scale Split Supersymmetry
Creators: name: Thomas, Brooks
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Split supersymmetry scenarios with PeV-scale scalar masses circumvent many of the restrictions on supersymmetry coming from experimental limits on CP violation, flavor-changing neutral currents, and the Higgs boson mass. We consider the situation where the LSP is either a Wino or Higgsino and the majority of its cold dark matter relic density is of thermal origin, in which case its mass is specified to be 2.3 TeV for a Wino or 1.1 TeV for a Higgsino. We examine the potential for indirect detection, at present and future gamma-ray telescopes, of the monoenergetic photon lines that would result from the annihilation of these particles near the galactic center. We show how the possibility for detection depends on the precise form of the galactic dark-matter halo profile and examine what performance attributes a gamma-ray detector would need in order to register a 5-sigma discovery.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
..., 83106786, 114382724, 1509048322, 2343463290, 27410087742, ... Efficient Hilbert Series for Effective Theories
Creators: name: Marinissen, Coenraad B.
name: Rahn, Rudi
name: Waalewijn, Wouter J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an efficient algorithm for determining the Hilbert series of an effective theory and provide a companion code called ECO (Efficient Counting of Operators) in FORM. For example, the Hilbert series for the dimension 15 operators in the Standard Model Effective Theory (SMEFT) can be obtained in a minute on a single CPU core. While our implementation focusses on SMEFT, we allow for a flexible user input of the light degrees of freedom. Furthermore, gravity, as well as additional U(1) global or gauge symmetries can be included.
description: 9 pages, no figures, FORM files included
Predictors of empowerment among parents of school-age children with disabilities : the role of family-centered bahavior
Creators: name: Robinson, Georgina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this study, the perceptions of parents of elementary school age children with disabilities, constructs of family-centered behavior (e.g., Petr, Allen, & Brown, 1995) and empowerment (e.g., Zimmerman, 1995, 2000) were examined. Parent perceptions of the importance and frequency of an empowerment process, family-centered teacher behavior, were explored. Previous work of family support researchers is extended by exploring the effects of parents' perceptions of family-centered teacher behavior on psychological empowerment, and by considering the relative importance of parent and child variables and family-centered teacher behavior, in predicting parent psychological empowerment, specific to the elementary school context. Parents (n = 256) of elementary school-age children (ages 5-14) with a wide range of disabilities/special needs completed a questionnaire assessing: their perceptions of the importance and frequency of family-centered teacher behavior, psychological empowerment, parent status variables (income and education level) and child disability characteristics. As hypothesized, respondents rated family-centered teacher behavior as very important, but they identified that they only "sometimes" experienced it in the elementary school setting. In addition, a significant discrepancy between parent ratings of importance and frequency was found, suggesting that parents overall are not satisfied with the levels of family-centered behavior they receive from teachers. Some relationships between parent and child characteristics and psychological empowerment were found. As hypothesized, the importance of parents' perceptions of family-centered teacher behavior in predicting psychological empowerment, specific to the school context, above and beyond parent and child characteristics, was supported. Child disability characteristics (severity of child behavior and diagnostic category) also contributed to the prediction of empowerment, but parent characteristics were not important or significant in the final increment of the regression model. Implications and the potential of this study to inform practice and policy and to contribute to new directions in research are discussed.
Evaluation of Conservation Biological Control Innovation in Winegrowing
Creators: name: Cullen, Ross
name: Forbes, Sharon
name: Grout, Rachel
name: Smallman, Clive
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Forbes, Sharon
name: Grout, Rachel
name: Smallman, Clive
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: innovation
subject: winegrowing
subject: Conservation Biological Control

description: Conservation biological control (CBC) aims to improve conditions for natural enemies in agricultural landscapes and has the goal of reducing pest species below threshold level to thus avoid the need for synthetic chemicals. The CBC approach has been introduced in several counties, including New Zealand. Agricultural R&D is widely studied, however agricultural innovations and their adoption is less studied. A CBC practice introduced in Waipara vineyards is described in this paper and an evaluation of the uptake and economic sustainability of this innovation is provided. Results indicate that there are ongoing costs involved with maintaining the innovation and that adoption of the innovation is highly variable across winegrowing properties.
On the mechanical properties of matter waves
Creators: name: Whitlock, Nicholas K
name: Barnett, Stephen M
name: Jeffers, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electromagnetic waves and fluids have locally conserved mechanical properties associated with them and we may expect these to exist for matter waves. We present a semiclassical description of the continuity equations relating to these conserved properties of matter waves and derive a general expression for their respective fluxes.
description: 4 pages
Topological Transition to a Critical Phase in a Two-dimensional 3-Vector Model with non-Abelian Fundamental Group: A Simulational Study
Creators: name: B, Kamala Latha.
name: S, Sastry V. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional 3-vector (\textit{d}=2, \textit{n}=3) lattice model with inversion site symmetry and fundamental group of its order-parameter space $Π_1 (\mathcal{R})= Z_{2}$, did not exhibit the expected topological transition despite stable defects associated with its uniaxial orientational order. This model is investigated specifically requiring the medium to host distinct classes of defects associated with the three ordering directions, facilitating their simultaneous interactions. The necessary non-Abelian isotropy subgroup of $\mathcal{R}$ is realized by assigning $D_{2}$ site symmetry, resulting in $Π_1 (\mathcal{R})= \mathbb{Q }$ (the group of quaternions). With liquid crystals serving as prototype model, a general biquadratic Hamiltonian is chosen to incorporate equally attractive interactions among the three local directors resulting in an orientational order with the desired topology. A Monte Carlo investigation based on the density of states shows that this model exhibits a transition, simultaneously mediated by the three distinct defects with topological charge $1/2$ (disclinations), to a low-temperature critical state characterized by a line of critical points with quasi-long range order of its directors, their power-law exponents vanishing as temperature tends to zero. It is argued that with \textit{n}=3, simultaneous participation of all spin degrees through their homotopically inequivalent defects is necessary to mediate a transition in the two-dimensional system to a topologically ordered state.
description: 5 pages, 6 Figures
Additional file 1 of Key factors for national spread and scale-up of an eConsult innovation
Creators: name: Moroz, Isabella
name: Archibald, Douglas
name: Mylaine Breton
name: Cote-Boileau, Elizabeth
name: Crowe, Lois
name: Horsley, Tanya
name: Lirjie Hyseni
name: Johar, Gina
name: Keely, Erin
name: Burns, Katharina Kovacs
name: Kuziemsky, Craig
name: Laplante, Jim
name: Mihan, Ariana
name: Oppenheimer, Luis
name: Sturge, Don
name: Tuot, Delphine S.
name: Liddy, Clare
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. National Forum Agenda.
State and Not-For-Profit delivery of species conservation. Cost utility analysis of multiple-species projects.
Creators: name: Vesey, S.E.
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Hughey, Kenneth F.D.
name: Vesey, S.E.
name: Cullen, Ross
name: Hughey, Kenneth F.D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: State provision
subject: Not For Profit
subject: multiple-species
subject: cost-utility analysis

description: Conservation of species is challenging, and there is continuing interest in finding more effective means to achieve conservation goals. State provision of conservation occurs in many countries, alongside a growing range of alternative providers including Not For Profit organisations and the private sector. Few studies have compared the effectiveness and efficiency of State provision against Not For Profit or private sector provision. This research assesses the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of multiple-species projects in regard to the conservation of threatened and endangered species using a cost-utility analysis. Three State managed projects, three Not For Profit managed projects and one project managed by the State yet funded privately, were evaluated. All of the Not For Profit managed projects were enclosed by predator-proof fences, while the other projects relied on natural barriers and/or intensive predator control methods. Results indicate that State managed multiple-species projects are both more effective and cost-effective than those projects managed by Not For Profits. While the Not For Profit managed projects are not so effective in improving national population totals, they are essential for ensuring regional biodiversity of threatened and endangered species. The objectives set by the projects appear to have a significant impact on their outputs. A number of recommendations are made for improving conservation efforts in the future. Most importantly, the development of a threatened and endangered species database to be contributed to by all conservation project providers. The importance of standardised reporting techniques is highlighted to allow comparisons both over time and between projects.
Quantum gate characterization in an extended Hilbert space
Creators: name: Rohde, Peter P.
name: Pryde, G. J.
name: O'Brien, J. L.
name: Ralph, Timothy C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe an approach for characterizing the process of quantum gates using quantum process tomography, by first modeling them in an extended Hilbert space, which includes non-qubit degrees of freedom. To prevent unphysical processes from being predicted, present quantum process tomography procedures incorporate mathematical constraints, which make no assumptions as to the actual physical nature of the system being described. By contrast, the procedure presented here ensures physicality by placing physical constraints on the nature of quantum processes. This allows quantum process tomography to be performed using a smaller experimental data set, and produces parameters with a direct physical interpretation. The approach is demonstrated by example of mode-matching in an all-optical controlled-NOT gate. The techniques described are non-specific and could be applied to other optical circuits or quantum computing architectures.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, REVTeX (published version)
Hennings, Emmy: Landesheilige. Zum Werk von Bütler, Josef: Jeanne d/Arc. Verlag Benziger, Einsiedeln. / Hennings, Emmy: Landesheilige. Zum Werk von Bütler, Josef: Jeanne d/Arc. Verlag Benziger, Einsiedeln. (1. Fassung)
Creators: name: Ball-Hennings, Emmy
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2024

description: Dokument
Hennings, Emmy: Hesse, Hermann: Krieg und Frieden. Betrachtungen zu Krieg und Politik seit dem Jahre 1914. Verlag Fretz und Wasmuth, Zürich. Der Dichter und seine Zeit zu Hermann Hesses letztem Buch Krieg und Frieden [...] / Hennings, Emmy: Hesse, Hermann: Krieg und Frieden. Betrachtungen zu Krieg und Politik seit dem Jahre 1914. Verlag Fretz und Wasmuth, Zürich. Der Dichter und seine Zeit zu Hermann Hesses letztem Buch Krieg und Frieden [...] (1. Fassung)
Creators: name: Ball-Hennings, Emmy
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 2024

description: Dokument
Additional file 1 of Diversity of isoprene-degrading bacteria in phyllosphere and soil communities from a high isoprene-emitting environment: a Malaysian oil palm plantation
Creators: name: Carrión, Ornella
name: Gibson, Lisa
name: Elias, Dafydd M. O.
name: McNamara, Niall P.
name: Alen, Theo A. Van
name: Camp, Huub J. M. Op Den
name: Supramaniam, Christina Vimala
name: McGenity, Terry J.
name: J. Colin Murrell
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig S1. Bacterial diversity profile of the oil palm unenriched (T0) community at the phyla level. Fig S2. Bacterial community profiles of oil palm soil samples analysed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Fig S3. Bacterial community composition of oil palm leaf samples analysed by 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Fig S4. Growth curve of Variovorax sp. OPL2.2 on isoprene as sole carbon and energy source. Fig S5. DNA retrieved as function of density of each fraction recovered after isopycnic ultracentrifugation. Fig S6. 16S rRNA gene profiles of oil palm soil and phyllosphere samples analysed by DGGE. Table S1. Relative abundance of key isoprene-degrading bacterial genera in oil palm soil and leaf samples. Table S2. Statistics for metagenome assemblies. Table S3. Metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs) that contain genes encoding proteins homologous to IsoABCDEF (E < 1e-40). Table S4. MAGs genes encoding polypeptides homologous to proteins involved in isoprene metabolism from ratified isoprene-degrading strains. Table S5. ASVs retrieved from isoA amplicon sequencing analysis of 13C-heavy DNA from soil and leaf incubations. Table S6. Location of oil palm trees used to set up soil and leaf DNA-SIP incubations.