cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Crop Conversion from Annual to Perennials: An Effective Strategy to Affect Soil Multifunctionality
Creators: name: Liu, Panpan
name: Wang, Dong
name: Li, Yue
name: Liu, Ji
name: Cui, Yongxing
name: Liang, Guopeng
name: Wang, Chaoqun
name: Wang, Chao
name: Moorhead, Daryl L.
name: Chen, Ji
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2024

description: Although crop conversion from annual to perennial crops has been considered as one path towards climate-smart and resource-efficient agriculture, the effects of this conversion on soil multifunctionality and biomass yields remain unclear. The objective of the study is to enhance soil multifunctionality while exerting a marginal influence on farmer income. Here, we investigated the effects of annual winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and two perennial crops (a grass (Lolium perenne L.), a legume (Medicago sativa L.), and their mixture) on soil multifunctionality and biomass yield on the Yellow River floodplain. Soil multifunctionality was assessed by the capacity of water regulation and the multifunctionality of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and phosphorus (P) cycles. C cycle multifunctionality index is the average of β-xylosidase, β-cellobiosidase, and β-1, 4-glucosidase. N cycle multifunctionality index is the average of L-leucine aminopeptidase and β-1, 4-N-acetyl-glucosaminidase, and acid phosphatase represented (and dominated) P cycle functions. The results showed that perennial crops enhanced soil multifunctionality by 207% for L. perenne, 311% for M. sativa, and 438% for L. perenne + M. sativa, compared with annual winter wheat (T. aestivum). The effect of perennial crops on soil multifunctionality increased with infiltration rate, dissolved organic C, microbial biomass C, and extracellular enzymatic activities for both C and N acquisition. However, we observed that perennial crops had a lower biomass yield than annual crop. Therefore, the transition of agricultural landscapes to perennials needs to take into account the balance between environmental protection and food security, as well as environmental heterogeneity, to promote sustainable agricultural development.
Code-Based Single-Server Private Information Retrieval: Circumventing the Sub-Query Attack
Creators: name: Verma, Neehar
name: Hollanti, Camilla
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Private information retrieval from a single server is considered, utilizing random linear codes. Presented is a modified version of the first code-based single-server computational PIR scheme proposed by Holzbaur, Hollanti, and Wachter-Zeh in [Holzbaur et al., "Computational Code-Based Single-Server Private Information Retrieval", 2020 IEEE ISIT]. The original scheme was broken in [Bordage et al., "On the privacy of a code-based single-server computational PIR scheme", Cryptogr. Comm., 2021] by an attack arising from highly probable rank differences in sub-matrices of the user's query. Here, this attack is now circumvented by ensuring that the sub-matrices have negligible rank difference. Furthermore, the rank difference cannot be attributed to the desired file index, thereby ensuring the privacy of the scheme. In the case of retrieving multiple files, the rate of the modified scheme is largely unaffected and at par with the original scheme.
description: The scheme proposed in this work is a modified version of the scheme in arXiv:2001.07049 (IEEE ISIT 2020) and provides a mend against the attack discovered in arXiv:2004.00509 (Cryptography and Communications, 2021)
Towards multi-messenger observations of core-collapse supernovae harbouring choked jets
Creators: name: Zegarelli, A.
name: Guetta, D
name: Celli, S.
name: Gagliardini, S.
name: Di Palma, I.
name: Bartos, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Choked jets (CJ) have attracted particular attention as potential sources of high-energy cosmic neutrinos. Testing this hypothesis is challenging because of the missing gamma-ray counterpart, hence the identification of other electromagnetic (EM) signatures is crucial. A CJ source is expected harbouring in core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) with extended H envelopes, releasing ultraviolet (UV) and optical emission for a few days. The UV band will be visible with an unprecedentedly large field of view by the future satellite ULTRASAT, for which we investigate the detection prospects in relation to the CJ visibility in the optical band with the currently operating telescope ZTF. ULTRASAT will be able to double the volume of sky currently visible by ZTF for the same emitting sources (sample of observed Type II SNe enlarged by 60%). As these sources can produce neutrinos via hadronic/photohadronic interactions in CJ, we investigate how neutrino observations by existing Cherenkov high-energy neutrino telescopes (IceCube and KM3NeT) can be used in association with EM signals coming from shock breakout (SBO) events. For optimized multimessenger detections, the delay between neutrino produced at SBO (during the jet propagation inside the stellar envelope) and ULTRASAT observations should be of around 4(5) days, with a follow-up by instruments like ZTF about one week after. Fewer than 1% of the CCSNe from red supergiant stars detectable with ULTRASAT might host a CJ and release TeV neutrinos. EM and neutrino detections, if accompanied by photometric and spectroscopic follow-up with evidence for a relativistic jet launched by the central engine, would suggest CCSNe harbouring choked jets as main contributors to the cosmic diffuse neutrino flux.
description: Accepted by A&A. Published online: 10 October 2024 Extended version of the abstract available here https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202450109
Altermagnetism from coincident Van Hove singularities: application to $κ$-Cl
Creators: name: Yu, Yue
name: Suh, Han-Gyeol
name: Roig, Mercè
name: Agterberg, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Realizing two-dimensional (2D) altermagnets is important for spintronics applications. Here we propose a microscopic template for stabilizing 2D altermagnetism through Van Hove singularities that are coincident in both energy and momentum. These coincident Van Hove singularities are a generic consequence of non-symmorphic symmetries in nine 2D space groups. Due to nontrivial symmetry properties of the Hamiltonian, these coincident Van Hove singularities allow new hopping interactions between the Van Hove singularities that do not appear in analogous Van Hove singularity based patch models for cuprates and graphene. We show these new interactions can give rise to various weak coupling, and BCS-based instabilities, including altermagnetism, nematicity, inter-band d-wave superconductivity, and orbital altermagnetic order. We apply our results to quasi-2D organic $κ$-Cl in which altermagnetism is known to appear.
title: Speicherfähigkeit- und Kapazitätsuntersuchung einer PCM-haltigen Betonwand
Creators: name: Smogor, Jagoda
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: HAUSer
subject: TRNSYS
subject: Baumaterialien
subject: PCM
subject: Beton
subject: Phasenwechselmaterialien
subject: 660
subject: Baustoff
subject: Phasenübergangswerkstoff
subject: Beton
subject: Speicherung
subject: Computersimulation

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2022
Evidence for Planck Luminosity Bound in Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Wieland, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, we introduced a non-perturbative quantization of impulsive gravitational null initial data. In this note, we investigate an immediate physical implication of the model. One of the quantum numbers is the total luminosity carried to infinity. We show that a transition happens when the luminosity reaches the Planck power $\mathcal{L}_{\mathrm{P}}$. Below $\mathcal{L}_{\mathrm{P}}$, the spectrum of the radiated power is discrete. Above the Planck power, the spectrum is continuous and contains caustics that can spoil the semi-classical interpretation of the resulting quantum states of geometry.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
Halysidota fuliginosa
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Halysidota
Halysidota fuliginosa

description: Halysidota fuliginosa (Rothschild, 1909)
Halisidota fuliginosa Rothschild, 1909b: 282.
Halisidota carinator Dyar, 1912: 51. — Type locality: Mexico, [Veracruz], Jalapa. — Type specimen: Lectotype male no. 13 681 designated by Watson (1971: 20) (USNM).
TYPE LOCALITY. — Mexico, [Morelos], Cuernavaca.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Lectotype male designated by Watson (1980: 33) (BMNH).
REMARK
Strand has described an infrasubspecific name associated with this taxon:
Halisidota fuliginosa ab. meta Strand, 1919: 74. — Type locality: Guatemala. — Type specimen: Holotype female (USNM).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 318, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Imitation-regularized Optimal Transport on Networks: Provable Robustness and Application to Logistics Planning
Creators: name: Oishi, Koshi
name: Hashizume, Yota
name: Jimbo, Tomohiko
name: Kaji, Hirotaka
name: Kashima, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Transport systems on networks are crucial in various applications, but face a significant risk of being adversely affected by unforeseen circumstances such as disasters. The application of entropy-regularized optimal transport (OT) on graph structures has been investigated to enhance the robustness of transport on such networks. In this study, we propose an imitation-regularized OT (I-OT) that mathematically incorporates prior knowledge into the robustness of OT. This method is expected to enhance interpretability by integrating human insights into robustness and to accelerate practical applications. Furthermore, we mathematically verify the robustness of I-OT and discuss how these robustness properties relate to real-world applications. The effectiveness of this method is validated through a logistics simulation using automotive parts data.
description: Accepted for publication in: IEEE Control Systems Letters, vol. 8, pp. 3470-3475, 2024, doi: 10.1109/LCSYS.2025.3546804
Supplementary document for A planar wide-angle-imaging camera enabled by metalens array - 5668898.pdf
Creators: name: Chen, Ji
name: Ye, Xin
name: Gao, Shenglun
name: Chen, Yuxin
name: Zhao, Yunwei
name: Huang, Chunyu
name: Qiu, Kai
name: Zhu, Shining
name: Li, Tao
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplementary of the manuscript
IG-FIQA: Improving Face Image Quality Assessment through Intra-class Variance Guidance robust to Inaccurate Pseudo-Labels
Creators: name: Kim, Minsoo
name: Nam, Gi Pyo
name: Kim, Haksub
name: Park, Haesol
name: Kim, Ig-Jae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the realm of face image quality assesment (FIQA), method based on sample relative classification have shown impressive performance. However, the quality scores used as pseudo-labels assigned from images of classes with low intra-class variance could be unrelated to the actual quality in this method. To address this issue, we present IG-FIQA, a novel approach to guide FIQA training, introducing a weight parameter to alleviate the adverse impact of these classes. This method involves estimating sample intra-class variance at each iteration during training, ensuring minimal computational overhead and straightforward implementation. Furthermore, this paper proposes an on-the-fly data augmentation methodology for improved generalization performance in FIQA. On various benchmark datasets, our proposed method, IG-FIQA, achieved novel state-of-the-art (SOTA) performance.
The pretty bad measurement
Creators: name: McIrvin, Caleb
name: Mohan, Ankith
name: Sikora, Jamie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum state discrimination problem has Alice sending a quantum state to Bob who wins if he correctly identifies the state. The pretty good measurement, also known as the square root measurement, performs pretty well at this task. We study the version of this problem where Bob tries to lose with the greatest probability possible (which is harder than it sounds). We define the pretty bad measurement which performs pretty well at this task, or in other words, pretty poorly for the original task. We show that both the pretty good measurement and the pretty bad measurement are always no worse than blind guessing at their respective tasks. As an application, we apply the pretty bad measurement to the quantum state anomaly detection problem and show how to avoid pretty bad qubits.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures. Published under the title "Quantum state exclusion through offset measurement" in Physical Review A
JumpBackHash: Say Goodbye to the Modulo Operation to Distribute Keys Uniformly to Buckets
Creators: name: Ertl, Otmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The distribution of keys to a given number of buckets is a fundamental task in distributed data processing and storage. A simple, fast, and therefore popular approach is to map the hash values of keys to buckets based on the remainder after dividing by the number of buckets. Unfortunately, these mappings are not stable when the number of buckets changes, which can lead to severe spikes in system resource utilization, such as network or database requests. Consistent hash algorithms can minimize remappings, but are either significantly slower than the modulo-based approach, require floating-point arithmetic, or are based on a family of hash functions rarely available in standard libraries. This paper introduces JumpBackHash, which uses only integer arithmetic and a standard pseudorandom generator. Due to its speed and simple implementation, it can safely replace the modulo-based approach to improve assignment and system stability. A production-ready Java implementation of JumpBackHash has been released as part of the Hash4j open source library.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures
Adaptive morphing of wing and tail for stable, resilient, and energy-efficient flight of avian-informed drones
Creators: name: Jeger, Simon L.
name: Wüest, Valentin
name: Toumieh, Charbel
name: Floreano, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Avian-informed drones feature morphing wing and tail surfaces, enhancing agility and adaptability in flight. Despite their large potential, realising their full capabilities remains challenging due to the lack of generalized control strategies accommodating their large degrees of freedom and cross-coupling effects between their control surfaces. Here we propose a new body-rate controller for avian-informed drones that uses all available actuators to control the motion of the drone. The method exhibits robustness against physical perturbations, turbulent airflow, and even loss of certain actuators mid-flight. Furthermore, wing and tail morphing is leveraged to enhance energy efficiency at 8m/s, 10m/s and 12m/s using in-flight Bayesian optimization. The resulting morphing configurations yield significant gains across all three speeds of up to 11.5% compared to non-morphing configurations and display a strong resemblance to avian flight at different speeds. This research lays the groundwork for the development of autonomous avian-informed drones that operate under diverse wind conditions, emphasizing the role of morphing in improving energy efficiency.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
On the Stochasticity of Aerosol-Cloud Interactions within a Data-driven Framework
Creators: name: Li, Xiang-Yu
name: Wang, Hailong
name: Chakraborty, TC
name: Sorooshian, Armin
name: Ziemba, Luke D.
name: Voigt, Christiane
name: Thornhill, Kenneth Lee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aerosol-cloud interactions (ACI) pose the largest uncertainty for climate projections. Among many challenges of understanding ACI, the question of whether ACI is deterministic or stochastic has not been explicitly formulated and asked. Here we attempt to answer this question by predicting cloud droplet number concentration Nc from aerosol number concentration Na and ambient conditions. We use aerosol properties, vertical velocity fluctuation w', and meteorological states (temperature T and water vapor mixing ratio q_v) from the ACTIVATE field observations (2020 to 2022) as predictor variables to estimate Nc. We show that the climatological Nc can be successfully predicted using a machine learning model despite the strongly nonlinear and multi-scale nature of ACI. However, the observation-trained machine learning model fails to predict Nc in individual cases while it successfully predicts Nc of randomly selected data points that cover a broad spatiotemporal scale, suggesting the stochastic nature of ACI at fine spatiotemporal scales.
Inhomogeneous confinement and chiral symmetry breaking induced by imaginary angular velocity
Creators: name: Chen, Shi
name: Fukushima, Kenji
name: Shimada, Yusuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate detailed properties of imaginary rotating matter with gluons and quarks at high temperature. Previously, we showed that imaginary rotation induces perturbative confinement of gluons at the rotation center. We perturbatively calculate the Polyakov loop potential and find inhomogeneous confinement above a certain threshold of imaginary angular velocity. We also evaluate the quark contribution to the Polyakov loop potential and confirm that spontaneous chiral symmetry breaking occurs in the perturbatively confined phase.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures
Partitioned Quantum Subspace Expansion
Creators: name: O'Leary, Tom
name: Anderson, Lewis W.
name: Jaksch, Dieter
name: Kiffner, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an iterative generalisation of the quantum subspace expansion algorithm used with a Krylov basis. The iterative construction connects a sequence of subspaces via their lowest energy states. Diagonalising a Hamiltonian in a given Krylov subspace requires the same quantum resources in both the single step and sequential cases. We propose a variance-based criterion for determining a good iterative sequence and provide numerical evidence that these good sequences display improved numerical stability over a single step in the presence of finite sampling noise. Implementing the generalisation requires additional classical processing with a polynomial overhead in the subspace dimension. By exchanging quantum circuit depth for additional measurements the quantum subspace expansion algorithm appears to be an approach suited to near term or early error-corrected quantum hardware. Our work suggests that the numerical instability limiting the accuracy of this approach can be substantially alleviated in a parameter-free way.
description: 14+15 pages, 12 figures, journal version
Examining Model Similarity for Exercise Self-Efficacy among Adults Recovering from a Stroke: A Community-Based Exercise Program
Creators: name: Pastore, Olivia L.
name: Jarry, François
name: Zou, Jammy
name: Tomasone, Jennifer R.
name: Martin, Luc J.
name: Pagé, Véronique
name: Sweet, Shane
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2024

description: We used a single-case experimental research design to examine the effect of modelling (peer versus non-peer) on exercise self-efficacy in stroke survivors who participated in a community-based exercise program. Data were obtained using an ABCA design: (A1) no model/baseline 1 (3 weeks); (B) peer model (6 weeks); (C) non-peer model (6 weeks); and (A2) no model/baseline 2 (3 weeks). Four participants completed self-efficacy questionnaires after each weekly session. Overall, participants reported higher exercise self-efficacy in the model conditions (Cohen’s d range from −0.37 to 4.22), with ratings appearing highest for the non-peer model. Modelling in general may help stroke survivors increase their exercise self-efficacy. Lastly, we provide our reflections on the pragmatics of completing a study within a community setting.
Halysidota orientalis
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Halysidota
Halysidota orientalis

description: Halysidota orientalis (Rothschild, 1909)
Halisidota orientalis Rothschild, 1909b: 284.
Halisidota modalis Dyar, 1912: 53. — Type locality: Venezuela, [Aragua], Aroa. — Type specimen: Lectotype male no. 13 683 designated by Watson (1971: 61) (USNM).
TYPE LOCALITY. — Trinidad [& Tobago], Port of Spain.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Lectotype male designated by Watson (1980: 36) (BMNH).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 318, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Collision of two solitons for $1d$ Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation with the same mass
Creators: name: Moutinho, Abdon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35B35, 35B24, 35C11, 35C08

description: We study the global dynamics of the collision of two solitons having the same mass for one-dimensional Nonlinear Schrödinger models with multi-power nonlinearity. For any natural number k, it is verified that if the incoming speed v between the two solitary waves is small enough, then, after the collision, the two solitons will move away with an outcoming speed v_{f}=v+O(v^{k}) and the remainder of the solution will also have energy and weighted norms of order O(v^{k}). This is applied to the one-dimensional models with polynomial odd nonlinearity having a stable soliton such as the cubic NLS and the cubic-quintic NLS.
description: 63 pages. Revisited version. Accepted for publication by Transaction of the AMS
Geometric Constraints in Deep Learning Frameworks: A Survey
Creators: name: Vats, Vibhas K
name: Crandall, David J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Stereophotogrammetry is an emerging technique of scene understanding. Its origins go back to at least the 1800s when people first started to investigate using photographs to measure the physical properties of the world. Since then, thousands of approaches have been explored. The classic geometric techniques of Shape from Stereo is built on using geometry to define constraints on scene and camera geometry and then solving the non-linear systems of equations. More recent work has taken an entirely different approach, using end-to-end deep learning without any attempt to explicitly model the geometry. In this survey, we explore the overlap for geometric-based and deep learning-based frameworks. We compare and contrast geometry enforcing constraints integrated into a deep learning framework for depth estimation or other closely related problems. We present a new taxonomy for prevalent geometry enforcing constraints used in modern deep learning frameworks. We also present insightful observations and potential future research directions.
description: A preprint
title: Privacy conflict analysis in web interaction models
Creators: name: Inglis, Peter
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2022

description: User privacy has become an important topic with strong implications for the manner by which software systems are designed and used. However, it is not a straightforward consideration on how the instrumentation of data processing activities contribute to the privacy risk of data subjects when interacting with data processors online. In this work, we present a series of methods to assist Data Protection Officers (DPOs) in the modelling and review of data processing activity between data processors online. We articulate an awareness formalism to model the knowledge gain of data processors and the privacy expectations of a data subject. Privacy conflict is defined in this work as an event where the expectations of the data subject do not align with the data processors knowledge gain resulting from data processing activity. We introduce a Selenium workflow for the elicitation of data processing activity of web services online in the creation of an information flow network model. We further articulate a series of privacy anti-patterns to be matched as attributes on this model to identify data processing activity between two data processors facilitating conflict between data subjects and processors. Each anti-pattern illustrates a distinct manner by which conflict can arise on the information flow model. We define privacy risk as the ratio of third party data processors that facilitate an anti-pattern to the total number of third party data processors connected to a first party data processor. Risk in turn quantifies the privacy harm a data subject may incur when interacting with data processors online. Pursuant to the reduction of privacy risk, we present a multi objective approach to model the inherit tensions of balancing the utility of a data subject against the cost incurred by a data processor in the removal of anti-patterns. We present our approach to first elicit the Pareto efficient set of anti-patterns, before operating on a utility function of programmable biases to output a single recommendation. We evaluate our approach against trivial selection strategies to reduce privacy risk and illustrate the key benefit of a granular approach to analysis. We conclude this work with an outlook on how the work can be expanded along with critical reflections.
Restricted Phase Space Thermodynamics of NED-AdS Black Holes
Creators: name: Awal, Mozib Bin
name: Phukon, Prabwal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Restricted Phase Space Thermodynamics (RPST) of magnetically charged Anti de Sitter (AdS) black holes sourced by nonlinear electrodynamics(NED). The first law and the corresponding Euler relation are examined using the scaling properties. While the mass is homogeneous in the first order, the intensive variables are observed to follow zeroth order homogeneity. We use numerical and graphical techniques to find the critical points of the various thermodynamic quantities. By utilizing the re-scaling properties of the equation of states, we study the thermodynamic processes using different pairs of variables. From our analysis, we infer that although the RPS thermodynamics of NED-AdS black hole resembles those of RN-AdS, Kerr-AdS, Kerr-Sen-Ads black holes in most of its aspects, hinting at a possible universality, there exists one particular $μ-C$ process that differs in its behaviour from its counterparts in earlier reported works.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
Investigating the Efficacy of EGFR-TKIs and Anti-VEGFR Combination in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Sakharkar, Prashant
name: Kurup, Sonali
name: Deb, Subrata
name: Assaad, Kaitlin
name: Gesinski, Dayna
name: Gayle, Erysa J.
Publisher: name: Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
Year: 2024

description: Introduction: The epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) in combination with anti-vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR) agents have shown improved survival outcomes in recent studies. However, its efficacy related to survival outcomes as a first- or second-line agent and based on generations remains to be explored. This study estimated the survival outcomes of EGFR-TKIs plus anti-VEGFR in combination in defined populations of advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients overall, as a first- or second line of treatment, with different generations of EGFR-TKIs and EGFR-TKIs plus bevacizumab combination as a subgroup. Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, SCOPUS, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov databases through June 2023 to identify primary research reporting the survival outcomes of EGFR-TKIs in combination with anti-VEGFR agents in patients with advanced NSCLC. Studies that were single-arm, published in non-English languages, and had missing data on survival outcomes were excluded. A meta-analysis was conducted to generate pooled hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Methodological quality and risk of bias in studies were assessed using the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions risk of bias tool. Results: A total of 20 randomized controlled trials were included in the qualitative synthesis, and 11 (2182 participants) were included in the meta-analysis. Patients’ median age ranged from 58 to 68 years; 36% to 70% of patients were female; most of them had IIIa/b to IV stage cancer. In meta-analyses, the EGFR-TKIs plus anti-VEGFR combination resulted in improved PFS (HR, 0.73; 95% CI: 0.61, 0.86; p < 0.00001) in patients with advanced NSCLC but had no impact on OS (HR, 0.93; 95% CI: 0.79, 1.10; p = 0.41). The first line of treatment and first-generation EGFR-TKIs with the combination also improved the PFS (HR, 0.64; 95% CI: 0.57, 0.71; p < 0.00001; HR, 0.63; 95% CI: 0.56, 0.71; p < 0.00001) respectively, however, had no impact on OS. Conclusions: Our meta-analysis indicated EGFR-TKIs with anti-VEGFR in combination not only improved overall PFS but also showed similar results to a first line and first-generation agent compared to EGFR-TKI alone.
Improving performance of contour integral-based nonlinear eigensolvers with infinite GMRES
Creators: name: Liu, Yuqi
name: Roman, Jose E.
name: Shao, Meiyue
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work, the infinite GMRES algorithm, recently proposed by Correnty et al., is employed in contour integral-based nonlinear eigensolvers, avoiding the computation of costly factorizations at each quadrature node to solve the linear systems efficiently. Several techniques are applied to make the infinite GMRES memory-friendly, computationally efficient, and numerically stable in practice. More specifically, we analyze the relationship between polynomial eigenvalue problems and their scaled linearizations, and provide a novel weighting strategy which can significantly accelerate the convergence of infinite GMRES in this particular context. We also adopt the technique of TOAR to infinite GMRES to reduce the memory footprint. Theoretical analysis and numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed algorithm.
THEMIS: Time, Heterogeneity, and Energy Minded Scheduling for Fair Multi-Tenant Use in FPGAs
Creators: name: Karabulut, Emre
name: Malik, Arsalan Ali
name: Awad, Amro
name: Aysu, Aydin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using correct design metrics and understanding the limitations of the underlying technology is critical to developing effective scheduling algorithms. Unfortunately, existing scheduling techniques used \emph{incorrect} metrics and had \emph{unrealistic} assumptions for fair scheduling of multi-tenant FPGAs where each tenant is aimed to share approximately the same number of resources both spatially and temporally.
 This paper introduces an enhanced fair scheduling algorithm for multi-tenant FPGA use, addressing previous metric and assumption issues, with three specific improvements claimed First, our method ensures spatiotemporal fairness by considering both spatial and temporal aspects, addressing the limitation of prior work that assumed uniform task latency. Second, we incorporate energy considerations into fairness by adjusting scheduling intervals and accounting for energy overhead, thereby balancing energy efficiency with fairness. Third, we acknowledge overlooked aspects of FPGA multi-tenancy, including heterogeneous regions and the constraints on dynamically merging/splitting partially reconfigurable regions. We develop and evaluate our improved fair scheduling algorithm with these three enhancements. Inspired by the Greek goddess of law and personification of justice, we name our fair scheduling solution THEMIS: \underline{T}ime, \underline{H}eterogeneity, and \underline{E}nergy \underline{Mi}nded \underline{S}cheduling.
 We used the Xilinx Zedboard XC7Z020 to quantify our approach's savings. Compared to previous algorithms, our improved scheduling algorithm enhances fairness between 24.2--98.4\% and allows a trade-off between 55.3$\times$ in energy vs. 69.3$\times$ in fairness. The paper thus informs cloud providers about future scheduling optimizations for fairness with related challenges and opportunities.
description: 12 Pages, 8 Figures, 3 Tables
End-To-End Self-Tuning Self-Supervised Time Series Anomaly Detection
Creators: name: Deforce, Boje
name: Lee, Meng-Chieh
name: Baesens, Bart
name: Asensio, Estefanía Serral
name: Yoo, Jaemin
name: Akoglu, Leman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time series anomaly detection (TSAD) finds many applications such as monitoring environmental sensors, industry KPIs, patient biomarkers, etc. A two-fold challenge for TSAD is a versatile and unsupervised model that can detect various different types of time series anomalies (spikes, discontinuities, trend shifts, etc.) without any labeled data. Modern neural networks have outstanding ability in modeling complex time series. Self-supervised models in particular tackle unsupervised TSAD by transforming the input via various augmentations to create pseudo anomalies for training. However, their performance is sensitive to the choice of augmentation, which is hard to choose in practice, while there exists no effort in the literature on data augmentation tuning for TSAD without labels. Our work aims to fill this gap. We introduce TSAP for TSA "on autoPilot", which can (self-)tune augmentation hyperparameters end-to-end. It stands on two key components: a differentiable augmentation architecture and an unsupervised validation loss to effectively assess the alignment between augmentation type and anomaly type. Case studies show TSAP's ability to effectively select the (discrete) augmentation type and associated (continuous) hyperparameters. In turn, it outperforms established baselines, including SOTA self-supervised models, on diverse TSAD tasks exhibiting different anomaly types.
description: Accepted at SDM 2025
On the dearth of C-enhanced metal-poor stars in the Galactic bulge.
Creators: name: Pagnini Giulia
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: According to the Stellar Archaeology, the chemical fingerprints of the first stars could be retained within the photospheres of old, low-mass, metal-poor second-generation stars observed in the Local Group. A significant fraction of these objects is represented by stars known as Carbon-Enhanced Metal-Poor (CEMP), characterized by an overabundance of carbon with respect to iron, [C/Fe] > 0.7. These have been observed in large quantities in the Galactic halo and in the Ultra-Faint Dwarf galaxies (UFDs) with [C/Fe] reaching values up to +4.5. Interestingly, although the Milky Way bulge is predicted to host the oldest stars, the dearth of CEMP stars with high [C/Fe] values here is particularly striking, since only one CEMP star has been found with [C/Fe] ≃ 2.2. In this talk, we explore the possible reasons for this anomaly. We initially perform a statistical analysis on the observations of metal-poor stars within the different regions of the Local Group. Then we focus on theoretical predictions derived from the ΛCDM cosmological model, through the combination of an N-body simulation and a semi-analytical model, and the use of analytical calculations. Our analysis shows that the scarcity of CEMP stars with high [C/Fe] in the Galactic bulge is not due to the low statistics of metal-poor stars within it, but is the result of a different formation process of this region. In fact, by comparing our theoretical results with the observed sample of metal-poor stars in the Galactic bulge, we indirectly prove the existence of very massive first stars which, exploding as high-energetic pair-instability supernovae, partially washed out the high [C/Fe] values caused by less energetic faint supernovae.
Minimal Autocorrelation in Hybrid Monte Carlo simulations using Exact Fourier Acceleration
Creators: name: Ostmeyer, Johann
name: Buividovich, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hybrid Monte Carlo (HMC) algorithm is a ubiquitous method in computational physics with applications ranging from condensed matter to lattice QCD and beyond. However, HMC simulations often suffer from long autocorrelation times, severely reducing their efficiency. In this work two of the main sources of autocorrelations are identified and eliminated. The first source is the sampling of the canonical momenta from a sub-optimal normal distribution, the second is a badly chosen trajectory length. Analytic solutions to both problems are presented and implemented in the exact Fourier acceleration (EFA) method. It completely removes autocorrelations for near-harmonic potentials and consistently yields (close-to-) optimal results for numerical simulations of the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger and the Ising models as well as in lattice gauge theory, in some cases reducing the autocorrelation by multiple orders of magnitude. EFA is advantageous for and easily applicable to any HMC simulation of an action that includes a quadratic part.
description: 15 + 8 pages, 4 + 1 figures, 3 algorithms; v2: removed gauge fixing; v3: minor revision, published
Halysidota conflua Watson 1980
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Halysidota
Halysidota conflua

description: Halysidota conflua Watson, 1980
Halysidota conflua Watson, 1980: 38.
TYPE LOCALITY. — Peru, [Piura], Lobitos.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Holotype male (BMNH).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 318, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Dirac cohomology, branching laws and Wallach modules
Creators: name: Dong, Chao-Ping
name: Luan, Yongzhi
name: Xu, Haojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E46

description: The idea of using Dirac cohomology to study branching laws was initiated by Huang, Pandzić and Zhu in 2013 [HPZ]. One of their results says that the Dirac cohomology of $π$ completely determines $π|_{K}$, where $π$ is any irreducible unitarizable highest weight $(\mathfrak{g}, K)$ module. This paper aims to develop this idea for the exceptional Lie groups $E_{6(-14)}$ and $E_{7(-25)}$: we recover the $K$-spectrum of the Wallach modules from their Dirac cohomology.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, 5 tables
Halysidota underwoodi
Creators: name: Vincent, Benoît
name: Laguerre, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Erebidae
Halysidota
Halysidota underwoodi

description: Halysidota underwoodi (Rothschild, 1909)
Halisidota underwoodi Rothschild, 1909b: 284.
Halisidota bricenoi Rothschild, 1909b: 282. — Type locality: Venezuela, Merida. — Type specimen: Lectotype male designated by Hampson (1920: 283) (BMNH).
Halisidota meridensis Rothschild, 1909b: 285. — Type locality: Venezuela, Merida. — Type specimen: Lectotype male designated by Watson (1980: 39) (BMNH).
TYPE LOCALITY. — Costa Rica.
TYPE SPECIMEN. — Lectotype female designated by Watson (1980: 39) (BMNH).
REMARK
Strand has described an infrasubspecific name associated with this taxon:
Halisidota underwoodi ab. lucia Strand, 1919: 74. — Type locality: Venezuela. — Type specimen: Undisclosed number of syntypes (BMNH; one female specimen labeled HOLOTYPE).
description: Published as part of Vincent, Benoît & Laguerre, Michel, 2014, Catalogue of the Neotropical Arctiini Leach, [1815] (except Ctenuchina Kirby, 1837 and Euchromiina Butler, 1876) (Insecta, Lepidoptera, Erebidae, Arctiinae), pp. 137-533 in Zoosystema 36 (2) on page 318, DOI: 10.5252/z2014n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/5395344
Necessary Conditions for Earthly Life Floating in the Venusian Atmosphere
Creators: name: Abreu, Jennifer J.
name: Anchordoqui, Alyxander R.
name: Fosu, Nyamekye J.
name: Kwakye, Michael G.
name: Kyriakakis, Danijela
name: Reynoso, Krystal
name: Anchordoqui, Luis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Millimeter-waveband spectra of Venus from both the James Clerk Maxwell Telescope (JCMT) and the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) seem to indicate there may be evidence (signal-to-noise ratio of about $15σ$) of a phosphine absorption-line profile against the thermal background from deeper, hotter layers of the atmosphere. Phosphine is an important biomarker; e.g., the trace of phosphine in the Earth's atmosphere is unequivocally associated with anthropogenic activity and microbial life (which produces this highly reducing gas even in an overall oxidizing environment). Motivated by the JCMT and ALMA tantalizing observations we reexamine whether Venus could accommodate Earthly life. More concretely, we hypothesize that the microorganisms populating the venusian atmosphere are not free floating but confined to the liquid environment inside cloud aerosols or droplets. Armed with this hypothesis, we generalize a study of airborne germ transmission to constrain the maximum size of droplets that could be floating in the venusian atmosphere by demanding that their Stokes fallout times to reach moderately high temperatures are pronouncedly larger than the microbe's replication time. We also comment on the effect of cosmic ray showers on the evolution of aerial microbial life.
description: Matching version accepted for publication in Galaxies
First-order quantum breakdown of superconductivity in amorphous superconductors
Creators: name: Charpentier, Thibault
name: Perconte, David
name: Léger, Sébastien
name: Amin, Kazi Rafsanjani
name: Blondelle, Florent
name: Gay, Frédéric
name: Buisson, Olivier
name: Ioffe, Lev
name: Khvalyuk, Anton
name: Poboiko, Igor
name: Feigel'man, Mikhail
name: Roch, Nicolas
name: Sacépé, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous quantum phase transitions are widely assumed and frequently observed in various systems of quantum particles or spins. Their characteristic trait involves scaling laws governing a second-order, gradual suppression of the order parameter as the quantum critical point is approached. The localization of Cooper pairs in disordered superconductors and the resulting breakdown of superconductivity have long stood as a prototypical example. Here, we show a departure from this paradigm, showcasing that amorphous superconducting films of indium oxide undergo a distinctive, discontinuous first-order quantum phase transition tuned by disorder. Through systematic measurements of the plasmon spectrum in superconducting microwave resonators, we provide evidence for a marked jump of both the zero-temperature superfluid stiffness and the transition temperature at the critical disorder. This discontinuous transition sheds light on the previously overlooked role of repulsive interactions between Cooper pairs and the subsequent competition between superconductivity and insulating Cooper-pair glass. Furthermore, our investigation shows that the critical temperature of the films no longer relates to the pairing amplitude but aligns with the superfluid stiffness, consistent with the pseudogap regime of preformed Cooper pairs. Our findings raise fundamental new questions into the role of disorder in quantum phase transitions and carry implications for superinductances in quantum circuits.
description: Updated text