cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
La aplicabilidad del crowfunding financiero en Colombia a partir de experiencias internacionales regulatorias
Creators: name: Fajardo Vanegas, Cristian Andrés
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Derecho comercial - Legislación
subject: Comercio - Legislación
subject: Financiación del deficit - Aspectos socioeconómicos
subject: Crowdfunding
subject: Financiero
subject: Estados Unidos
subject: España
subject: Argentina
subject: Colombia

description: Con el proyecto se busca identificar si el Crowdfunding Financiero en Colombia con la normatividad vigente puede tener la aplicabilidad necesaria. Para esto se acude a los antecedentes históricos prácticos y jurídicos del Crowdfunding Financiero, tomando como antecedente inicial a Estados Unidos de Norteamérica, siendo el país donde surgió su práctica y así mismo la primera regulación con categoría de Ley; siguiendo después a España y Argentina, para llegar finalmente a Colombia. Para el caso nacional, se identifican y presentan los antecedentes históricos y jurídicos que resultaron en la expedición del Decreto 1357 de 2018, lo que reguló El Crowdfunding de Valores en Colombia, y se dejan planteadas las posibles soluciones a las dificultades que tiene la correcta ejecución del modelo en Colombia desde el punto de vista normativo.
description: The project seeks to identify if the Financial Crowdfunding in Colombia with the current regulations can have the necessary applicability. For this, the practical and legal historical background of Financial Crowdfunding is used, taking as an initial background the United States of America, being the country where its practice arose also the first regulation with the category of Law; following Spain and Argentina, to finally arrive in Colombia. For the national case, the historical and legal background that resulted in the issuance of Decree 1357 of 2018, which regulated the Securities Crowdfunding in Colombia, is identified and presented and the possible solutions to the difficulties that the correct execution of the model in Colombia has from the normative point of view are raised
Evaluations of Passivated Silicon Surfaces with Laser Terahertz Emission Microscope (LTEM) and Corona Charging
Creators: name: Mochizuki, T.
name: Ito, A.
name: Nakanishi, H.
name: Mitchell, J.
name: Tanahashi, K.
name: Moriya, M.
name: Kida, Y.
name: Kawayama, I.
name: Tonouchi, M.
name: Shirasawa, K.
name: Takato, H.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Characterisation & Simulation Methods

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 837-840
description: Surface band bending evaluation by assessment of Terahertz (THz) emission from silicon wafers using
a laser terahertz emission microscope (LTEM) was extended to an evaluation of oxide-passivated n-type silicon
surfaces in combination with a corona charger. The THz amplitude of the sample was nearly uniform, indicating
electron accumulation at the entire semiconductor-oxide interface. Deposition of negative charge decreased the THz
amplitude and further deposition inverted the THz waveform, showing an inversion of surface band bending. We expect
that deposited negative charge density equalled to positive oxide charge when the THz amplitude crossed 0 and
waveform inverted. A drop of lifetime of the charged sample was also observed at the deposited charge density where
we can expect that the Fermi level at the surface was near the midgap and surface recombination rate is maximised.
The systematic change in LTEM signal with the deposited charge indicates that LTEM can optically measure and map
the surface potential and dielectric charge of passivated surfaces of semiconductors.
On the nature of Hydrogen-rich Superluminous Supernovae
Creators: name: Inserra, C.
name: Smartt, S. J.
name: Gall, E. E. E.
name: Leloudas, G.
name: Chen, T. -W.
name: Schulze, S.
name: Jerkstarnd, A.
name: Nicholl, M.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Arcavi, I.
name: Benetti, S.
name: Cartier, R. A.
name: Childress, M.
name: Della Valle, M.
name: Flewelling, H.
name: Fraser, M.
name: Gal-Yam, A.
name: Gutierrez, C. P.
name: Hosseinzadeh, G.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Huber, M.
name: Kankare, E.
name: Magnier, E. A.
name: Maguire, K.
name: McCully, C.
name: Prajs, S.
name: Primak, N.
name: Scalzo, R.
name: Schmidt, B. P.
name: Smith, M.
name: Smith, K. W.
name: Tucker, B. E.
name: Valenti, S.
name: Wilman, M.
name: Young, D. R.
name: Yuan, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present two hydrogen-rich superluminous supernovae (SLSNe), namely SN2013hx and PS15br. These objects, together with SN2008es are the only SLSNe showing a distinct, broad Halpha feature during the photospheric phase and also do not show any sign of strong interaction between fast-moving ejecta and circumstellar shells in their early spectra. Despite PS15br peak luminosity is fainter than the other two objects, the spectrophotometric evolution is similar to SN2013hx and different than any other supernova in a similar luminosity space. We group all of them as SLSNe II and hence distinct from the known class of SLSN IIn. Both transients show a strong, multi-component Halpha emission after 200 days past maximum which we interpret as an indication of interaction of the ejecta with an asymmetric, clumpy circumstellar material. The spectra and photometric evolution of the two objects are similar to type II supernovae, although they have much higher luminosity and evolve on slower timescales. This is qualitatively similar to how SLSNe I compare with normal type Ic in that the former are brighter and evolve more slowly. We apply a magnetar and an interaction semi-analytical codes to fit the light curves of our two objects and SN2008es. The overall observational dataset would tend to favour the magnetar, or central engine, model as the source of the peak luminosity although the clear signature of late-time interaction indicates that interaction can play a role in the luminosity evolution of SLSNe II at some phases.
description: 21 pages of main text, 9 pages of appendix. MNRAS accepted. The paper has new sections and it has been reorganised, but the conclusions are unchanged from previous version
AdIoTack: Quantifying and Refining Resilience of Decision Tree Ensemble Inference Models against Adversarial Volumetric Attacks on IoT Networks
Creators: name: Pashamokhtari, Arman
name: Batista, Gustavo
name: Gharakheili, Hassan Habibi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine Learning-based techniques have shown success in cyber intelligence. However, they are increasingly becoming targets of sophisticated data-driven adversarial attacks resulting in misprediction, eroding their ability to detect threats on network devices. In this paper, we present AdIoTack, a system that highlights vulnerabilities of decision trees against adversarial attacks, helping cybersecurity teams quantify and refine the resilience of their trained models for monitoring IoT networks. To assess the model for the worst-case scenario, AdIoTack performs white-box adversarial learning to launch successful volumetric attacks that decision tree ensemble models cannot flag. Our first contribution is to develop a white-box algorithm that takes a trained decision tree ensemble model and the profile of an intended network-based attack on a victim class as inputs. It then automatically generates recipes that specify certain packets on top of the indented attack packets (less than 15% overhead) that together can bypass the inference model unnoticed. We ensure that the generated attack instances are feasible for launching on IP networks and effective in their volumetric impact. Our second contribution develops a method to monitor the network behavior of connected devices actively, inject adversarial traffic (when feasible) on behalf of a victim IoT device, and successfully launch the intended attack. Our third contribution prototypes AdIoTack and validates its efficacy on a testbed consisting of a handful of real IoT devices monitored by a trained inference model. We demonstrate how the model detects all non-adversarial volumetric attacks on IoT devices while missing many adversarial ones. The fourth contribution develops systematic methods for applying patches to trained decision tree ensemble models, improving their resilience against adversarial volumetric attacks.
description: 15 pages, 16 figures, 4 tables
Micro Concentrator Concept for Cost Reduction and Efficiency Enhancement of Thin-Film Chalcopyrite Photovoltaics: Results from EU Joint Research Program CHEETAH
Creators: name: Schmid, M.
name: Lotter, E.
name: Lin, X.
name: Wang, L.
name: Klenk, R.
name: Eylers, K.
name: Ringleb, F.
name: Boeck, T.
name: Heidmann, B.
name: Nenna, G.
name: Loffredo, F.
name: Villani, F.
name: Köhler, T.
name: Sancho-Martinez, D.
name: Raadik, T.
name: Krustok, J.
name: Grossberg, M.
name: Lux-Steiner, M.Ch.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1077-1080
description: Results for research on chalcopyrite micro concentrator solar cells obtained within the framework of
CHEETAH joint program are shown. A top-down proof of concept study reveals close to 30% relative efficiency
increase under light concentration using inkjet-printed CIGSSe. A novel bottom-up approach for local chalcopyrite
absorbers grown from indium islands demonstrates working CISe micro cells. Millimeter-sized lenses are fabricated
from PMMA by a casting process to be applied as concentrator optics. For a combined exploitation of direct and
diffuse light components an angular splitting concentrator based on chalcopyrite and kesterite absorber material is
proposed. The scientific innovation brought will enrich further development of CIGSe solar cells and contribute to
their relevance in photovoltaic energy production.
Speed and structure of turbulent fronts in pipe flow
Creators: name: Song, Baofang
name: Barkley, Dwight
name: Hof, Björn
name: Avila, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using extensive direct numerical simulations, the dynamics of laminar-turbulent fronts in pipe flow is investigated for Reynolds numbers between $Re=2000$ and $5500$. We here investigate the physical distinction between the fronts of weak and strong slugs both by analysing the turbulent kinetic energy budget and by comparing the downstream front motion to the advection speed of bulk turbulent structures. Our study shows that weak downstream fronts travel slower than turbulent structures in the bulk and correspond to decaying turbulence at the front. At $Re\simeq 2900$ the downstream front speed becomes faster than the advection speed, marking the onset of strong fronts. In contrast to weak fronts, turbulent eddies are generated at strong fronts by feeding on the downstream laminar flow. Our study also suggests that temporal fluctuations of production and dissipation at the downstream laminar-turbulent front drive the dynamical switches between the two types of front observed up to $Re\simeq 3200$.
description: 14 pages, accepted for publication in Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Quantum state geometry and entanglement of two spins with anisotropic interaction in evolution
Creators: name: Kuzmak, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum evolution of a two-spin system with anisotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian in the magnetic field is considered. We show that this evolution happens on some manifold with geometry depending on the ratio between the interaction couplings and on the initial state. The Fubini-Study metric of this manifold is calculated. The entanglement of the states belonging to this manifold is examined. Also we investigate similar problem for a two-spin system described by the Dzyaloshinsky-Moria Hamiltonian. The problem is solved using the fact that this Hamiltonian and the anisotropic Heisenberg Hamiltonian are linked by the unitary transformation.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Energetic Materials and Oxygen Balance: Noncovalent Synthesis with Oxidizers
Creators: name: Bellas, Michael
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Energetic materials
subject: noncovalent synthesis
subject: cocrystallization
subject: salt cocrystallization
subject: ammonium dinitramide
subject: Chemistry
subject: Science

description: Noncovalent synthesis (solvate formation and cocrystallization) differs from traditional covalent synthesis in that relatively weaker interactions are involved (hydrogen/halogen bonding, electrostatic interactions, etc.). One advantage of noncovalent synthesis is the preservation of properties inherent to the molecular/ionic components while augmenting properties affected by interactions within the crystal lattice. This is leveraged in energetic materials (EM) research to affect/improve upon relevant materials properties. EM research stands to advance substantially from the noncovalent combination of oxygen-rich materials (such as hydrogen peroxide and ammonium dinitramide) with oxygen-deficient materials (most EMs are of this class). Noncovalent synthesis has a rich history and reasonably successful models have been developed. However, EMs are a poor fit for current models due to their notable lack of traditional functionalities on which these models were established. As such, effort is made here to contribute to the development of models applicable to the noncovalent synthesis of EMs.
title: Ancient Studies and the Changing Face of Urbanism
title: The History of Science and Current Perspectives in Dialogue
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Muth, Susanne
name: Tiersch, Claudia
name: Winter, Eva
name: Freigang, Christian
name: Fuhrer, Therese
name: Mundt, Felix
name: Schmid, Stephan G.
name: Schmitzer, Ulrich
name: Trümper, Monika
name: Wulf-Rheidt, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History of science
subject: urban studies
subject: plurimedia-specificity
subject: transformation
subject: own logic
subject: per- ception
subject: multivalency
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: Research on urban space has a long tradition in classical studies. Current research of ancient urban spaces continues on in this tradition. It is essential to determine the position of research history in order to define the prospects of current urban studies in a more dif- ferentiated way: only those who are conversant with the history-of-science determination of their respective fields are able, intuitively and critically, to put innovative approaches and methods to the test. Based on the projects of the research group C-6, the various threads of history-of-science developments will be outlined and the current approaches defined in the context of constant re- orientation and new orientation of classical urban studies
Neuropharmacological Studies of Sodium Channel-linked Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathies
Creators: name: Denomme, Nicholas
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Voltage-gated Sodium Channels
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science

description: Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs) allow the dynamic electrical communication between neurons in the brain with millisecond precision by controlling action potential initiation and propagation. The VGSC family of transmembrane proteins has different subtypes that are selectively expressed throughout the body to maintain proper physiological function. Both gain- and loss-of-function variants in VGSC genes that are expressed in brain can lead to malfunction of these vital proteins, causing catastrophic neurological diseases such as epilepsy. Herein, I review the structure and function of VGSCs and discuss their pharmacology considering the pathophysiology of a severe class of genetic epilepsies caused by variants in VGSC genes, known as developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs). In the following chapters, we discuss two neuropharmacological studies of DEEs linked to variants in VGSC genes, with the overarching hypothesis that small molecules targeting unique brain VGSC subtypes and neuromodulatory VGSC interacting proteins represent viable novel therapeutic strategies for treating sodium channel linked brain disease. In Chapter II, I sought to validate a natural product, 4,9-anhydrotetrodotoxin, reported to selectively inhibit Nav1.6, which is the most abundant VGSC α subunit subtype expressed in the adult brain. Because gain-of-function variants in the gene SCN8A are linked to DEE, selective modulation of Nav1.6 has emerged as a major therapeutic target in the field. I ultimately found that 4,9-anhydrotetrodotoxin was not selective for Nav1.6 relative to other brain channels and therefore, not a useful therapeutic for treating SCN8A-linked DEEs. In Chapter III, protein profiling with mass spectrometry followed by heterologous expression systems were used to discover a novel inhibitory interaction between G-protein β1γ2 subunits and brain VGSC subtypes Nav1.1 and Nav1.6. I found differential inhibitory effects of Gβ1γ2 on Nav1.1 and Nav1.6 sodium current density that showed subtype selectivity and modulation by co-expression of VGSC β1 subunits, and prepulse voltage dependence. The implications of these novel interactions for the treatment of DEEs, in particular, GNB1-linked DEE, are discussed. This thesis work builds on our understanding of subtype selective sodium channel modulation with 4,9-anhydrotetrodotoxin. Additionally, this thesis builds upon our knowledge of GNB1-linked DEE and the potential role of altered VGSC function in this disorder. Given the significant roles of Gβ1γ2, Nav1.1, and Nav1.6 in regulating neurotransmission and excitability, this thesis work provides new insights into basic neuromodulatory mechanisms in the brain. More importantly, this work may lead to novel therapeutic targets for the treatment of DEEs linked to sodium channel genes and sodium channel interacting G-proteins.
In-Situ Characterization of the Proton Irradiation Induced Degradation of Thin Film Liquid Phase Crystallized Silicon on Glass Based Heterojunction Solar Cells with Interdigitated Back Contacts
Creators: name: Neitzert, H.-C.
name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Landi, G.
name: Bundesmann, J.
name: Seidel, S.
name: Denker, A.
name: Frijnts, T.
name: Gall, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Thin Film and Foil-Based Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 811-814
description: pared, using Liquid Phase Crystallized (LPC) Silicon on glass technology, combined with the use of
interdigitated back contacts in order to minimize reflection and shadowing losses. The solar cells have been exposed to
a proton beam of 68 MeV, that creates a homogeneous depth profile of defects in the solar cells. A first partial irradiation
of the solar cell created a very high local defect concentration and after a strong initial decrease of the short circuit
current, the degradation almost saturates. A subsequently homogeneous irradiation of the whole solar cell area –
however – resulted in a continuous further degradation of the investigated solar cell. The inhomogeneous defect
concentration of the solar cell after this 2-step degradation has been evidenced by LBIC imaging.
Parts, Wholes, and Quantity in Euclid’s Elements
Creators: name: Beere, Jonathan
name: Menn, Stephen
name: Niebergall, Karl-Georg
name: Roling, Bernd
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometry
subject: extension
subject: body
subject: logic
subject: mathematics
subject: transformation
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: This paper develops a novel methodology, combining history of mathematics, philology, philosophy of mathematics, and logic. We develop a formal logical treatment of Euclid’s Elements , in which set theory plays no role, but the logic of part and whole does. We first consider a controversy about the nature of Euclid’s Elements Book II. For Euclid, the part-whole relation plays roles that are now played by arithmetic operations. This shows one crucial limitation of the controversial interpretation of this text as geometrical algebra. Returning to the beginning, we present a formal language for stating Propositions 1 through 10 (omitting 7) and proofs of them. Surprisingly, this has never been done (except for one recent approach, which differs from ours in an essential way). We conclude by sketching several significant ways in which this project can be further developed
Interactive Perception: Leveraging Action in Perception and Perception in Action
Creators: name: Bohg, Jeannette
name: Hausman, Karol
name: Sankaran, Bharath
name: Brock, Oliver
name: Kragic, Danica
name: Schaal, Stefan
name: Sukhatme, Gaurav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent approaches in robotics follow the insight that perception is facilitated by interaction with the environment. These approaches are subsumed under the term of Interactive Perception (IP). It provides the following benefits: (i) interaction with the environment creates a rich sensory signal that would otherwise not be present and (ii) knowledge of the regularity in the combined space of sensory data and action parameters facilitate the prediction and interpretation of the signal. In this survey we postulate this as a principle and collect evidence in support by analyzing and categorizing existing work in this area. We also provide an overview of the most important applications of Interactive Perception. We close this survey by discussing remaining open questions. Thereby, we hope to define a field and inspire future work.
description: Equal contribution by first three authors
High Efficiency CdTe Solar Cells by Low Temperature Deposition with MgZnO HRT Layer
Creators: name: Menossi, D.
name: Artegiani, E.
name: Bittau, F.
name: Barbato, M.
name: Meneghini, M.
name: Meneghesso, G.
name: Bowers, J.W.
name: Walls, J.M.
name: Piccinelli, F.
name: Romeo, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1027-1030
description: CdTe solar cells have shown high efficiency and the technology is scalable. As a result thin film CdTe
modules are competitive with crystalline silicon modules.
Thin film CdTe devices with efficiency above 22% have been reported using high substrate temperatures during the
deposition process. It is known that high substrate temperatures result in large grain size with a reduced number of
grain boundaries and this is believed to contribute to the high efficiency.
However, use of high temperature requires robust substrates and excludes the use of most flexible substrate materials.
It also involves higher energy consumption and more complicated machinery.
In this work we present a process for high efficiency solar cells with an improved front contact, by introducing
magnesium-doped zinc oxide high resistance transparent layer. By optimizing the fabrication process we have
achieved a conversion efficiency exceeding 16%, which is one of the highest reported for substrate temperatures
below 500°C.
Robust Pivoting: Exploiting Frictional Stability Using Bilevel Optimization
Creators: name: Shirai, Yuki
name: Jha, Devesh K.
name: Raghunathan, Arvind
name: Romeres, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Generalizable manipulation requires that robots be able to interact with novel objects and environment. This requirement makes manipulation extremely challenging as a robot has to reason about complex frictional interaction with uncertainty in physical properties of the object. In this paper, we study robust optimization for control of pivoting manipulation in the presence of uncertainties. We present insights about how friction can be exploited to compensate for the inaccuracies in the estimates of the physical properties during manipulation. In particular, we derive analytical expressions for stability margin provided by friction during pivoting manipulation. This margin is then used in a bilevel trajectory optimization algorithm to design a controller that maximizes this stability margin to provide robustness against uncertainty in physical properties of the object. We demonstrate our proposed method using a 6 DoF manipulator for manipulating several different objects.
description: Accepted to the 2022 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA 2022)
The SAGEX Review on Scattering Amplitudes, Chapter 8: Half BPS correlators
Creators: name: Heslop, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Half BPS correlators in N=4 super Yang-Mills theory are key quantities both in the AdS/CFT correspondence as well as in scattering amplitudes research. They are dual at strong coupling to quantum gravity amplitudes. At weak coupling on the other hand they contain all N=4 SYM amplitudes. They have been found to possess a number of hidden symmetries, for example non-trivial permutation symmetry of perturbative four-point integrands and a higher dimensional conformal symmetry. Their study has enjoyed continuous progress since the discovery of AdS/CFT and they are now some of the best understood quantities of any four-dimensional quantum field theory. In this review we outline the current knowledge of half BPS correlators, emphasising these two co-existing relations to scattering amplitudes at strong and weak coupling.
description: 53 pages, see also the overview article arXiv:2203.13011. v3: journal version
Copper Plating Process for Bifacial Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lachowicz, A.
name: Geissbühler, J.
name: Faes, A.
name: Champliaud, J.
name: Debrot, F.
name: Kobayashi, E.
name: Horzel, J.
name: Ballif, C.
name: Despeisse, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 753-756
description: We describe a process sequence for bifacial heterojunction (HJT) solar cells with simultaneous plating on both sides from a developed copper electrolyte. The process comprises the deposition of a PVD seed layer, patterning by advanced inkjet printing of a hotmelt-ink mask and copper electroplating, followed by optional deposition of a capping layer such as immersion silver to facilitate interconnection in modules. Subsequently, the mask and the seed layer are chemically removed.
Our copper electrolyte yields layers with very low internal stress when plating at high plating rates above 3 μm/min. The combination of a sputtered seed layer and electroplated copper with low internal stress allows for good adhesion even for very thick plated layers as required for instance for shingled solar cell interconnection or 6” IBC solar cells. An aperture conversion efficiency above 24% has been independently confirmed for a large area solar cell with a four busbar front grid utilizing an industrial heterojunction precursor.
Influence of DC-Sputtered ITO Layers on Performance of Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: Abolmasov, S.
name: Abramov, S.
name: Andronikov, D.
name: Emtsev, K.
name: Ivanov, G.
name: Nyapshaev, I.
name: Orekhov, D.
name: Semenov, A.
name: Shelopin, G.
name: Terukov, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 787-790
description: The influence of target composition and oxygen flow during DC sputtering of front and rear indium tin
oxide (ITO) layers on the performance of 6” bifacial Si-HJ solar cells was examined. An in-line DC magnetron sputtering
system equipped with two rectangular planar cathodes was used to simulate sputtering conditions close to those used in
industrial ITO sputter coaters. Sintered ceramic ITO targets having four various SnO2 concentrations were employed for
DC sputtering of ITO thin films at room temperature. A comparison of the electro-optical properties of ITO films on
glass substrates and their influence on both front and rear emitter Si-HJ solar cells are presented.
Double Side Cu-Plated Technology on Front Junction n-PERT Solar Cells
Creators: name: Lai, K.-C.
name: Lee, Y.-L.
name: Lin, M.-S.
name: Chung, C.-C.
name: Li, C.-C.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 646-648
description: In this paper, we evaluated n-type passivated emitter and rear totally diffused (n-PERT) solar cells
featuring nickel/copper (Ni/Cu) plated double side contacts. The cell features a rear surface field formed by fully diffused
phosphorous and fully diffused BBr3 front emitter with thermal oxide passivation. Laser process conditions are
demonstrated to from the metal contact open by ultraviolet (UV) wavelength laser system. The UV nanosecond laser (nslaser)
is used to ablate the passivation layer on the double-side of the solar cells. In this study, our process combines laser
ablation for the patterning of the dielectrics on front-side with a front metallization based on Ni/Cu forward bias plating
and Ni electro-less plating (ELP) for the rear contacting electrode. The large-area (238.9 cm2) silicon solar cells
manufactured on 170 μm thick, 3Ω-cm, n-type Cz wafers using this technology, reach confirmed efficiencies up to
18.93%; with Voc of 641 mV, a jsc=38.5 mA/cm2 and FF of 76.7 %.
Modelling Carbon Capture on Metal-Organic Frameworks with Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Greene-Diniz, Gabriel
name: Manrique, David Zsolt
name: Sennane, Wassil
name: Magnin, Yann
name: Shishenina, Elvira
name: Cordier, Philippe
name: Llewellyn, Philip
name: Krompiec, Michal
name: Rančić, Marko J.
name: Ramo, David Muñoz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the recent progress in quantum computational algorithms for chemistry, there is a dearth of quantum computational simulations focused on material science applications, especially for the energy sector, where next generation sorbing materials are urgently needed to battle climate change. To drive their development, quantum computing is applied to the problem of CO$_2$ adsorption in Al-fumarate Metal-Organic Frameworks. Fragmentation strategies based on Density Matrix Embedding Theory are applied, using a variational quantum algorithm as a fragment solver, along with active space selection to minimise qubit number. By investigating different fragmentation strategies and solvers, we propose a methodology to apply quantum computing to Al-fumarate interacting with a CO$_2$ molecule, demonstrating the feasibility of treating a complex porous system as a concrete application of quantum computing. Our work paves the way for the use of quantum computing techniques in the quest of sorbents optimisation for more efficient carbon capture and conversion applications.
Bifacial PERC+ Solar Cells and Modules: An Overview
Creators: name: Dullweber, T.
name: Schulte-Huxel, H.
name: Kranz, C.
name: Blankemeyer, S.
name: Baumann, U.
name: Witteck, R.
name: Peibst, R.
name: Köntges, M.
name: Brendel, R.
name: Yao, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Homojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 649-656
description: Since its first publication in 2015, the PERC+ cell concept has been rapidly adopted by several solar
cell manufacturers worldwide. The fast industrial implementation is facilitated by the very similar process technology
of bifacial PERC+ cells and main stream monofacial PERC cells. Conversion efficiencies of industrial PERC+ solar
cells up to 21.6% with front side illumination and 17.3% with rear side illumination were reported. Meanwhile, four
companies are offering commercial bifacial PERC+ modules with maximum rating power around 300 Wp when
illuminated from the front side, only. These modules apply 60 PERC+ cells with 4 or 5 busbars, which are
interconnected by conventional stringing and tabbing technology. First small scale outdoor installations verify an
increase of the energy yield relative to monofacial PERC modules between 13% and 22%. Two large scale out door
installations with 2 MWp and 20 MWp are under construction in Taiwan and China, respectively. We report for the
first time in detail on a novel bifacial PERC+ prototype module by applying the Smart Wire Connection Technology.
We interconnect 18 halved PERC+ solar cells by soldering 18 wires directly to the Ag front and Al rear fingers. The
resulting prototype module exhibits independently confirmed front and rear side efficiencies of 19.8% and 16.4%,
respectively. Additionally, Meyer Burger certified a full-size PERC+ SWCT module according to the IEC 61215
norm thereby demonstrating the long term reliability of this novel module technology.
LikeDM: likelihood calculator of dark matter detection
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoyuan
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Yuan, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the large progress in searches for dark matter (DM) particles with indirect and direct methods, we develop a numerical tool that enables fast calculations of the likelihoods of specified DM particle models given a number of observational data, such as charged cosmic rays from space-borne experiments (e.g., PAMELA, AMS-02), gamma-rays from the Fermi space telescope, and underground direct detection experiments. The purpose of this tool --- LikeDM, likelihood calculator for dark matter detection --- is to bridge the gap between a particle model of DM and the observational data. The intermediate steps between these two, including the astrophysical backgrounds, the propagation of charged particles, the analysis of Fermi gamma-ray data, as well as the DM velocity distribution and the nuclear form factor, have been dealt with in the code. We release the first version (v1.0) focusing on the constraints from indirect detection of DM with charged cosmic and gamma rays. Direct detection will be implemented in the next version. This manual describes the framework, usage, and related physics of the code. The code LikeDM can be download from https://likedm.hepforge.org/
description: v2, published in Computer Physics Communications, "LikeDM can be download from https://likedm.hepforge.org/"
Probing phases of quantum matter with an ion-trap tensor-network quantum eigensolver
Creators: name: Meth, Michael
name: Kuzmin, Viacheslav
name: van Bijnen, Rick
name: Postler, Lukas
name: Stricker, Roman
name: Blatt, Rainer
name: Ringbauer, Martin
name: Monz, Thomas
name: Silvi, Pietro
name: Schindler, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Tensor-Network (TN) states are efficient parametric representations of ground states of local quantum Hamiltonians extensively used in numerical simulations. Here we encode a TN ansatz state directly into a quantum simulator, which can potentially offer an exponential advantage over purely numerical simulation. In particular, we demonstrate the optimization of a quantum-encoded TN ansatz state using a variational quantum eigensolver on an ion-trap quantum computer by preparing the ground states of the extended Su-Schrieffer-Heeger model. The generated states are characterized by estimating the topological invariants, verifying their topological order. Our TN encoding as a trapped ion circuit employs only single-site addressing optical pulses - the native operations naturally available on the platform. We reduce nearest-neighbor crosstalk by selecting different magnetic sublevels with well-separated transition frequencies to encode even and odd qubits.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
How journalism adapted the Internet in Germany: Results of six newsroom surveys (1997–2014)
Creators: name: Neuberger, Christoph
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Digital journalism
subject: newsroom survey
subject: social media
subject: rules
subject: tasks
subject: skills
subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen::070 Publizistische Medien, Journalismus, Verlagswesen

description: Based on six newsroom surveys, this article analyzes the history of digital German journalism. The surveys cover a period of 17 years (1997–2014). Periodizing the history of digital journalism into three phases, this article considers the interplay between journalism and journalism research. The results show how journalistic digital media define their role in the relationships between old media and the Internet, digital media and other outlets, and digital media and their audiences. Furthermore, the results substantiate how digital editorial staff define their journalistic identities regarding tasks, rules, and skills. During the first period (surveys conducted in 1997 and 2000), the view from old mass media to the Internet dominated, also in scholarship where the mass media paradigm was extended to the Internet. The second period (surveys conducted in 2006 and 2007) was characterized by clarifying the relationships between journalism and newly emerged outlets. These studies focused on how participative formats (such as Wikipedia and blogs) and search engines could be used for journalistic purposes without compromising quality. These new outlets were not regarded then as much of a threat. This attitude did not change during the third period (surveys conducted in 2010 and 2014). In this phase, too, the studies focused on how editorial staff utilized the ever-increasing number of social media. The six surveys’ different research interests reveal that the reviewed journalism research primarily addressed changing demands in journalistic practice. Therefore, exogenous factors (“the sector”) had a greater impact than endogenous factors (the “scholarship”) on research interests.
Super-exponential distinguishability of correlated quantum states
Creators: name: Bunth, Gergely
name: Maróti, Gábor
name: Mosonyi, Milán
name: Zimborás, Zoltán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the problem of asymptotic binary i.i.d. state discrimination, the optimal asymptotics of the type I and the type II error probabilities is in general an exponential decrease to zero as a function of the number of samples; the set of achievable exponent pairs is characterized by the quantum Hoeffding bound theorem. A super-exponential decrease for both types of error probabilities is only possible in the trivial case when the two states are orthogonal, and hence can be perfectly distinguished using only a single copy of the system. In this paper we show that a qualitatively different behaviour can occur when there is correlation between the samples. Namely, we use gauge-invariant and translation-invariant quasi-free states on the algebra of the canonical anti-commutation relations to exhibit pairs of states on an infinite spin chain with the properties that a) all finite-size restrictions of the states have invertible density operators, and b) the type I and the type II error probabilities both decrease to zero at least with the speed $e^{-nc\log n}$ with some positive constant $c$, i.e., with a super-exponential speed in the sample size $n$. Particular examples of such states include the ground states of the $XX$ model corresponding to different transverse magnetic fields. In fact, we prove our result in the setting of binary composite hypothesis testing, and hence it can be applied to prove super-exponential distinguishability of the hypotheses that the transverse magnetic field is above a certain threshold vs. that it is below a strictly lower value.
description: v2: 15 pages, the proof is extended to composite state discrimination, added discussion on the relation between super-exponential distinguishability and various notions of orthogonality of states
ITO Sputtering Damage to Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells with Cat-CVD a-Si Films and Its Recovery
Creators: name: Konishi, T.
name: Ohdaira, K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Heterojunction Solar Cells

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 757-759
description: We investigate the influence of indium tin oxide (ITO) sputtering damage to silicon heterojunction
(SHJ) solar cells with catalytic chemical vapor deposited (Cat-CVD) a-Si films. a-Si was deposited on crystalline Si
by Cat-CVD, and ITO was sputtered on the a-Si films. Effective minority carrier lifetime (eff) of the sample after
ITO deposition decreases drastically due to RF plasma damage to a-Si films and resulting degradation of the
passivation quality of a-Si films. The samples after ITO deposition and post-annealing show much smaller eff
recovery, and it was not able to recover to the initial eff. On the other hand, the samples after removing ITO films
show significant eff recovery to the initial eff. QSSPC measurement revealed that the lower eff of the sample after
post-annealing is actually caused by carrier recombination at p-a-Si/ITO interface. Furthermore, we confirmed opencircuit
voltage (VOC) improvement of SHJ cells by performing post-annealing. We can thus conclude that sputtering
damage to SHJ solar cells during ITO sputtering can be recovered by performing post-annealing.
Comparison of Industrial Solutions to Light Induced Degradation of High Efficiency Cz PERC Cells
Creators: name: Li, H.
name: Xu, J.
name: Chen, K.
name: Fan, H.
name: Ma, S.
name: Yu, C.
name: Xu, Q.
name: Ruan, X.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Silicon Photovoltaics
Manufacturing & Production

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 983-985
description: Several industrial solutions to mitigate light induced degradation (LID) is reported for P-type Cz PERC solar cells. The comparison of different ways for regeneration were investigated using P-type Cz PERC solar cells which were fabricated with a bulk resistivity ranging from 0.25 Ω.cm to 3Ω.cm. Illumination with halogen lamp, high-powered LED and laser at elevated temperature were investigated in this paper. Under industrial mass production condition, it is shown that illumination annealing with elevated temperature will be the effective method to mitigate the light induced degradation. Moreover, current injection annealing under industrial mass production condition was also studied and the anti-LID results were compared with that of illuminated annealing. For 2~3Ω.cm P-type PERC cells, the relative efficiency degradation ratio is no more than 1% after treating by industrial current injection annealing tool and the result is no more than 1.5% comparable with that was treated by industrial laser illumination annealing and high-powered LED. For 0.25~0.75Ω.cm P-type PERC cells, current injection annealing is superior to laser illumination annealing , and the relative efficiency degradation ratio is less than 1.5%, the results is the same as 2-3Ω.cm. As the results shown above, it is consider that current injection and laser illumination annealing are the potential industrial solutions to mitigate LID of P-type PERC cells.
The Role of Tensorial Electronic Friction in Energy Transfer at Metal Surfaces
Creators: name: Askerka, Mikhail
name: Maurer, Reinhard J.
name: Batista, Victor S.
name: Tully, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate description of nonadiabatic energy relaxation is crucial for modeling atomistic dynamics at metal surfaces. Interfacial energy transfer due to electron-hole pair excitations coupled to motion of molecular adsorbates is often simulated by Langevin molecular dynamics with electronic friction. Here, we present calculations of the full electronic friction tensor by using first order time-dependent perturbation theory (TDPT) at the density functional theory (DFT) level. We show that the friction tensor is generally anisotropic and non-diagonal, as found for hydrogen atom on Pd(100) and CO on a Cu(100) surfaces. This implies that electron-hole pair induced nonadiabatic coupling at metal surfaces leads to friction-induced mode coupling, therefore opening an additional channel for energy redistribution. We demonstrate the robustness and accuracy of our results by direct comparison to established methods and experimental data.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures