cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Suppressing escape events in maps of the unit interval with demographic noise
Creators: name: Parra-Rojas, César
name: Challenger, Joseph D.
name: Fanelli, Duccio
name: McKane, Alan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the properties of discrete-time stochastic processes with a bounded state space, whose deterministic limit is given by a map of the unit interval. We find that, in the mesoscopic description of the system, the large jumps between successive iterates of the process can result in probability leaking out of the unit interval, despite the fact that the noise is multiplicative and vanishes at the boundaries. By including higher-order terms in the mesoscopic expansion, we are able to capture the non-Gaussian nature of the noise distribution near the boundaries, but this does not preclude the possibility of a trajectory leaving the interval. We propose a number of prescriptions for treating these escape events, and we compare the results with those obtained for the metastable behavior of the microscopic model, where escape events are not possible. We find that, rather than truncating the noise distribution, censoring this distribution to prevent escape events leads to results which are more consistent with the microscopic model. The addition of higher moments to the noise distribution does not increase the accuracy of the final results, and it can be replaced by the simpler Gaussian noise.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
Optimizing UAV Recharge Scheduling for Heterogeneous and Persistent Aerial Service
Creators: name: Arribas, Edgar
name: Cholvi, Vicent
name: Mancuso, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The adoption of UAVs in communication networks is becoming reality thanks to the deployment of advanced solutions for connecting UAVs and using them as communication relays. However, the use of UAVs introduces novel energy constraints and scheduling challenges in the dynamic management of network devices, due to the need to call back and recharge, or substitute, UAVs that run out of energy. In this paper, we design UAV recharging schemes under realistic assumptions on limited flight times and time consuming charging operations. Such schemes are designed to minimize the size of the fleet to be devoted to a persistent service of a set of aerial locations, hence its cost. We consider a fleet of homogeneous UAVs both under homogeneous and heterogeneous service topologies. For UAVs serving aerial locations with homogeneous distances to a recharge station, we design a simple scheduling, that we name HORR, which we prove to be feasible and optimal, in the sense that it uses the minimum possible number of UAVs to guarantee the coverage of the aerial service locations. For the case of non-evenly distributed aerial locations, we demonstrate that the problem becomes NP-hard, and design a lightweight recharging scheduling scheme, PHERR, that extends the operation of HORR to the heterogeneous case, leveraging the partitioning of the set of service locations. We show that PHERR is near-optimal because it approaches the performance limits identified through a lower bound that we formulate on the total fleet size.
The Source Stabilized Galerkin Formulation for Linear Moving Conductor Problems with Edge Elements
Creators: name: Bhowmick, Sujata
name: Subramanian, Sethupathy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The phenomenon of linear motion of conductor in a magnetic field is commonly found in electric machineries such as, electromagnetic brakes, linear induction motor, electromagnetic flowmeter etc. The design and analysis of the same requires an accurate evaluation of induced currents and the associated reaction magnetic fields. The finite element method is a generally employed numerical technique for this purpose. However, it needs stabilization techniques to provide an accurate solution. In this work, such a stabilization technique is developed for the edge elements. The stability and hence the accuracy is brought in by a suitable representation of the source term. The stability and accuracy of the proposed scheme is first shown analytically and then demonstrated with the help of 2D and 3D simulations. The proposed scheme is parameter-free and it would require a graded regular mesh along the direction of motion.
Approaching optimal entangling collective measurements on quantum computing platforms
Creators: name: Conlon, Lorcan O.
name: Vogl, Tobias
name: Marciniak, Christian D.
name: Pogorelov, Ivan
name: Yung, Simon K.
name: Eilenberger, Falk
name: Berry, Dominic W.
name: Santana, Fabiana S.
name: Blatt, Rainer
name: Monz, Thomas
name: Lam, Ping Koy
name: Assad, Syed M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is a fundamental feature of quantum mechanics and holds great promise for enhancing metrology and communications. Much of the focus of quantum metrology so far has been on generating highly entangled quantum states that offer better sensitivity, per resource, than what can be achieved classically. However, to reach the ultimate limits in multi-parameter quantum metrology and quantum information processing tasks, collective measurements, which generate entanglement between multiple copies of the quantum state, are necessary. Here, we experimentally demonstrate theoretically optimal single- and two-copy collective measurements for simultaneously estimating two non-commuting qubit rotations. This allows us to implement quantum-enhanced sensing, for which the metrological gain persists for high levels of decoherence, and to draw fundamental insights about the interpretation of the uncertainty principle. We implement our optimal measurements on superconducting, trapped-ion and photonic systems, providing an indication of how future quantum-enhanced sensing networks may look.
description: 6.5 pages, published version
Methoden der mathematischen Optimierung zur Planung taktischer Wagenrouten im Einzelwagenverkehr
Creators: name: Voll, Robert
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Einzelwagenverkehr
subject: Schienengüterverkehr
subject: Optimierung
subject: Operations research
subject: 620
subject: 670

description: In dieser Dissertation wird die Lösung eines Routenplanungsproblems im Schienengüterverkehr mittels mathematischer Optimierungsmethoden behandelt. Die Planungsaufgabe besteht darin, eine Menge von Güterwagen so zu konsolidieren, dass ein kostenoptimales Transportnetzwerk entsteht. Das Optimierungsmodell erlaubt die Einbindung multipler Aufkommensszenarien, um Aufkommensschwankungen sinnvoll abzubilden. Zur Lösung werden zwei Ansätze präsentiert: Ein Column-Generation-Verfahren sowie eine Matheuristik. Der Vergleich mit einer Referenzinstanz zeigt die Leistungsfähigkeit der neuen Verfahren.
Locating Temporal Functional Dynamics of Visual Short-Term Memory Binding using Graph Modular Dirichlet Energy
Creators: name: Smith, Keith
name: Ricaud, Benjamin
name: Shahid, Nauman
name: Rhodes, Stephen
name: Starr, John M.
name: Ibanez, Agustin
name: Parra, Mario A.
name: Escudero, Javier
name: Vandergheynst, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Visual short-term memory binding tasks are a promising early marker for Alzheimer's disease (AD). To uncover functional deficits of AD in these tasks it is meaningful to first study unimpaired brain function. Electroencephalogram recordings were obtained from encoding and maintenance periods of tasks performed by healthy young volunteers. We probe the task's transient physiological underpinnings by contrasting shape only (Shape) and shape-colour binding (Bind) conditions, displayed in the left and right sides of the screen, separately. Particularly, we introduce and implement a novel technique named Modular Dirichlet Energy (MDE) which allows robust and flexible analysis of the functional network with unprecedented temporal precision. We find that connectivity in the Bind condition is less integrated with the global network than in the Shape condition in occipital and frontal modules during the encoding period of the right screen condition. Using MDE we are able to discern driving effects in the occipital module between 100-140ms, coinciding with the P100 visually evoked potential, followed by a driving effect in the frontal module between 140-180ms, suggesting that the differences found constitute an information processing difference between these modules. This provides temporally precise information over a heterogeneous population in promising tasks for the detection of AD.
Compliance of health care professionals with hand hygiene practice and its associated factors among general hospital in Addis ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ahmed, Ziyad
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Introduction: Globally, a significant proportion of healthcare providers and patients acquire nosocomial infections. Failure to perform appropriate hand hygiene is considered to be the leading cause of health care acquired infection worldwide. In Addis Ababa, different report show that health care worker hand hygiene compliance was low in both public and private health care institution even though there were few detail studies done in this area Objectives: To describe compliance of health care professionals with hand hygiene practice and its associated factors among general hospital in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, July 2017. Methodology: An institutional based cross-sectional study was conducted among general hospitals in Addis Ababa. Simple random sampling system was used to select participants. Seven hundred eight health care professionals were included in the study. Data was collected by 4 data collectors and 1 supervisor using pre-tested questionnaire after appropriate training. The data was entered into EPI data version 3.1, and then exported to SPSS version 22 for data management and analysis. Variable with p value <0.25 during the bivariate analysis were included in the multivariable logistic regression analysis. Result: A total of708 health care professional were included in the study and 651 of them filled self-administered questions with response rate of 91.9%. The overall good hand hygiene practice of health care professionals were 50.4%. Hand hygiene practice was reported high when health care professional feel or look dirty, and low before entering isolated room. The odds of hand hygiene practice of those master and above holders (AOR (95% of CI)) = 0.46 (0.258, 0.839) and those with first degree holders (AOR (95% of CI)) = 0.43 (0.230, 0.819) were less than diploma holders. Those with Good attitude toward hand hygiene (AOR (95% of CI) = 1.61 (1.087, 2.381), those who know functionality of infection prevention committee (AOR [95%CI]) =1.57(1.035, 2.376), those who said sink is functional (AOR (95% of CI)) = 2.26 (1.070, 4.792), those who reported running water is available (AOR (95% of CI)) = 1.86 (1.011, 3.432), those who reported hand hygiene guide line is available in the working area (AOR (95% of CI)) = 1.66 (1.134, 2.427) were more likely to practice hand hygiene compared with counterparts . Conclusions and recommendations: According to this study good hand hygiene practice is low. This show that patients and health care workers are at high risk of acquiring nosocomial infection .So government and management of the hospital must emphasis on patient safety.
Observations and numerical modelling of air flows over New Zealand
Creators: name: Ridley., Roger N.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Beyond the Berry Phase: Extrinsic Geometry of Quantum States
Creators: name: Avdoshkin, Alexander
name: Popov, Fedor K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a set of quantum states $| ψ(x) \rangle$ parameterized by $x$ taken from some parameter space $M$. We demonstrate how all geometric properties of this manifold of states are fully described by a scalar gauge-invariant Bargmann invariant $P^{(3)}(x_1, x_2, x_3)=\operatorname{tr}[P(x_1) P(x_2)P(x_3)]$, where $P(x) = |ψ(x)\rangle \langleψ(x)|$. Mathematically, $P(x)$ defines a map from $M$ to the complex projective space $\mathbb{C}P^n$ and this map is uniquely determined by $P^{(3)}(x_1,x_2,x_3)$ up to a symmetry transformation. The phase $\arg P^{(3)}(x_1,x_2,x_3)$ can be used to compute the Berry phase for any closed loop in $M$, however, as we prove, it contains other information that cannot be determined from any Berry phase. When the arguments $x_i$ of $P^{(3)}(x_1,x_2,x_3)$ are taken close to each other, to the leading order, it reduces to the familiar Berry curvature $ω$ and quantum metric $g$. We show that higher orders in this expansion are functionally independent of $ω$ and $g$ and are related to the extrinsic properties of the map of $M$ into $\mathbb{C}P^n$ giving rise to new local gauge-invariant objects, such as the fully symmetric 3-tensor $T$. Finally, we show how our results have immediate applications to the modern theory of polarization, calculation of electrical response to a modulated field and physics of flat bands.
PROVenance Patterns in Numerical Modelling and Finite Element Simulation Processes of Bio-electric Systems
Creators: name: Schröder, Max
name: Raben, Hendrikje
name: Krüger, Frank
name: Ruscheinski, Andreas
name: Rienen, Ursula
name: Uhrmacher, Adelinde
name: Spors, Sascha Michael
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 004 Data processing Computer sciences
subject: 621.3 Electrical Engineering, Electronics

description: The reproducibility of scientific results gains increasing attention. In the context of biomedical engineering, this applies to experimental studies of three different kinds: in-vivo, in-vitro, and in-silico. Numerical modelling and finite element simulation of bio-electric systems are intricate processes involving manifold steps. A typical example of this process is the electrical stimulation at alloplastic reconstruction plates of the mandible. During the bio-electric modelling and simulation process, diverse methods realised in various software tools are exploited. To comprehensibly render how the final model has been developed requires a thorough documentation. We exploit the W3C provenance model PROV to structure this process and to make it accessible for modellers and for automatic analyses. Different entity types, such as data, model, software, literature, assumptions, and mathematical equations are distinguished; roles of entities within an activity are revealed as well as the involved researchers. In addition, we identify five process patterns: 1) information extraction from the literature; 2) generation of a geometrical model which uses data as input; 3) composition of several geometrical or mathematical models into a combined model; 4) parameterisation, which augments the input model by additional properties; and, finally, 5) refinement, which uses a model in addition to an assumption and generates an enhanced model. By modelling provenance information of a typical bio-electric modelling and simulation process as well as identifying provenance patterns, we provide a first step towards a better documentation of academic investigations in that scientific field.
Unity within multiplicity : some consequences of entangled states in quantum theory
Creators: name: Rice., Dien Alfred
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field. Winner of the Mollie Holman Doctoral Medal for Excellence
On the Farrell-Jones Conjecture for Waldhausen's $A$-theory
Creators: name: Enkelmann, Nils-Edvin
name: Lück, Wolfgang
name: Pieper, Malte
name: Ullmann, Mark
name: Winges, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 19D10, 57Q10, 57Q60

description: We prove the Farrell-Jones Conjecture for (non-connective) $A$-theory with coefficients and finite wreath products for hyperbolic groups, CAT(0)-groups, cocompact lattices in almost connected Lie groups and fundamental groups of manifolds of dimension less or equal to three. Moreover, we prove inheritance properties such as passing to subgroups, colimits of direct systems of groups, finite direct products and finite free products. These results hold also for Whitehead spectra and spectra of stable pseudo-isotopies in the topological, piecewise linear and smooth category.
description: 49 pages; improved exposition
Το δικαίωμα του ασθενή στην ενημέρωση της πάθησής του και στην ιατρική συναίνεση της θεραπευτικής προσέγγισης
Creators: name: Ιωαννίδου, Ελένη Χρήστου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Δικαίωμα ασθενή
Ενημερωμένη συναίνεση
Εξαίρεσης της συναίνεσης
Patient Rights
Informed consent
Exceptions to informed consent

description: Η παρούσα εργασία μελετά το δικαίωμα του ασθενή στην ενημέρωση της πάθησής του και στην ιατρική συναίνεση της θεραπευτικής του προσέγγισης αναλύοντας την εξέλιξη του δικαιώματος ιστορικά, το ευρωπαϊκό πλαίσιο και όχι μόνο, των δικαιωμάτων του ασθενή, το δικαίωμα στην ενημέρωση της πάθησης, την έννοια της ενημερωμένης συναίνεσης, την σχετική νομοθεσία, τις εξαιρέσεις στη συναίνεση και τις προτάσεις της συναίνεσης. Επιπλέον επιχειρεί να συζητήσει τα αποτελέσματα της βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης με στόχο να εξάγει συμπεράσματα για το θέμα. Συμπεραίνεται πως οι επαγγελματίες υγείας οφείλουν να θεωρούν τα δικαιώματα του ασθενή ως κομβικά στοιχεία παρέμβασης στην παροχή υψηλής ποιότητας περίθαλψης και έχοντας γνώση και σεβασμό των δικαιωμάτων των ασθενών, μπορούν να βελτιώσουν την ποιότητα αυτή, εκπληρώνοντας το στόχο τους για την προώθηση και υποστήριξη της υγείας των ασθενών.
description: This paper studies the patient's right to be informed of his condition and the medical consensus of the therapeutic approach in order to analyze the evolution of the right historically, the European framework of patient rights, the right to be informed of the condition, the meaning of informed consent, the relevant legislation, the exceptions to the consensus, and the proposals of the consensus. Furthermore, it tries to discuss the results of the bibliographic review in order to draw conclusions on the subject. It is concluded that health professionals should always consider patient rights as key elements of intervention in the provision of high quality care and that, by knowing and respecting patients' rights, they can improve ethical quality and fulfill their goal of promoting and supporting the health of patients.
Effect of chronic consumption of nuts on oxidative stress: a systematic review of clinical trials
Creators: name: Silveira, Brenda Kelly Souza
name: da Silva, Alessandra
name: Hermsdorff, Helen Hermana Miranda
name: Bressan, Josefina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Nuts consumption has been associated with a protective effect against cardiovascular diseases and oxidative stress-related disorders. We aimed to perform a systematic review with clinical trials to assess the impact of chronic nuts consumption on oxidative stress and the possible mechanisms involved. Studies were identified by searching in three electronic databases: PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and LILACS, and selected following PRISMA guidelines. Two authors perform searching and data extraction. A total of 16 articles were included (12 randomized clinical trials and 4 one or two-arm clinical trials). Nut doses were generally high (> 30 g/d), except for Brazil nuts (5–13 g/d). The follow-up time ranges between four weeks and six months, and the oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) was the most assessed biomarker. Eight articles reported improvement in oxidative stress biomarkers after nuts supplementation. Pathways regulated by selenium (e.g. glutathione peroxidase activity and nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) regulation), monounsaturated fatty acids (e.g. reduction of LDL oxidation), and bioactive compounds (e.g. antioxidant activity) were described as mechanisms involved in these beneficial effects. No studies reported harmful effects of nut consumption, even in high doses. The chronic consumption of nuts seemed to be effective to change some oxidative stress biomarkers, however, this topic remains controversial because the benefits depends on nut type, nut dose, and population characteristics.
Fixed sets and fixed points in $\Lim$--spaces]{Fixed sets and fixed points for mappings in generalized $\Lim$--spaces of Fréchet
Creators: name: Babenko, Vladyslav
name: Babenko, Vira
name: Kovalenko, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H10, 47H09

description: In this article we discuss a possibility to implement a well-known scheme of proof for contraction mapping theorems in a situation, when convergence, families of Cauchy sequences, and contractiveness of mappings are defined axiomatically. We also consider ways to specify families of Cauchy sequences and contractiveness conditions using distance-like functions with values in some partially ordered set and establish fixed set and point theorems for generalized contractions of the Ćirić and Caristi types.
Η Παρορμητικότητα ως Στοιχείο Προσωπικότητας του Θύτη σε Βρασμό Ψυχικής Ορμής: Ψυχολογικοί Μηχανισμοί και Ψυχοθεραπευτική Αντιμετώπιση
Creators: name: Αναστασίου, Δανάη-Χριστίνα Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: βρασμός ψυχικής ορμής
παρορμητικότητα
δικαστική ψυχολογία
heat of passion
impulsivity
forensic psychology

description: Η παρούσα μελέτη προσεγγίζει τη συνθήκη του βρασμού ψυχικής ορμής από τη σκοπιά της Ψυχολογίας. Αναπτύσσεται το σχετικό νομικό πλαίσιο και οι αρμοδιότητες των δικαστικών ψυχολόγων που συχνά αναλαμβάνουν την ψυχολογική αξιολόγηση του δράστη. Αξιοποιώντας την υπάρχουσα βιβλιογραφία αναζητώνται σημεία σύγκλισης νομικών και ψυχολογικών όρων και κατατίθενται προτάσεις που προσδοκούν να συμβάλλουν στη συστηματικότερη μελέτη του φαινομένου. Έχει επανειλημμένα διαπιστωθεί ερευνητικά η συσχέτιση παρορμητικότητας και επιθετικής συμπεριφοράς. Η υπόθεση ότι η παρορμητικότητα ως παράγοντας προσωπικότητας σχετίζεται με το έγκλημα του βρασμού ψυχικής ορμής, διερευνάται βιβλιογραφικά από κοινού με ψυχοθεραπευτικές παρεμβάσεις για τους θύτες. Στόχο αποτελεί η ανάπτυξη ενός θεωρητικού πλαισίου ερμηνείας και κατανόησης της κατάστασης του βρασμού ψυχικής ορμής από την επιστήμη της Ψυχολογίας. Τα βιβλιογραφικά ευρήματα υπήρξαν ιδιαίτερα περιορισμένα, παρότι ο βρασμός ψυχικής ορμής ως ψυχολογική κατάσταση εγείρει ιδιαίτερο επιστημονικό ενδιαφέρον. Η πιο ουσιαστική συνεισφορά της προκείμενης μελέτης εκτιμάται ότι είναι ο εντοπισμός των θεωρητικών και ερευνητικών ελλειμμάτων αναφορικά με τη συνθήκη του βρασμού ψυχικής ορμής και η ανάδειξη νέων προοπτικών ερευνητικής δραστηριότητας για τους επιστήμονες της προσωπικότητας
description: The present study approaches crimes committed in the heat of passion from the point of view of Psychology. The relevant legal framework and the responsibilities of forensic psychologists who often undertake the psychological evaluation of the perpetrator, are developed. Utilizing the existing literature, it seeks points of convergence of legal and psychological terms and submits proposals that could contribute to the more systematic study of the phenomenon. The correlation between impulsivity and aggressive behavior has been repeatedly investigated. The hypothesis that impulsivity as a personality factor is involved in the heat of passion crimes, is investigated in the literature together with psychotherapeutic interventions for perpetrators. The aim is to develop a theoretical framework of interpretation and understanding for criminal acts of this nature, from a psychological perspective. Bibliographic findings have been particularly limited, although heat of passion as a psychological state raises particular scientific interest. The most essential contribution of this study is estimated to be the identification of theoretical and research deficits regarding the heat of passion crimes and the emergence of new perspectives of research activity for personality scientists
Unhealthy Weight Control Practice and Related Factors among Female High School Adolescents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Ajeme, Tigest
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 2017

description: Background: Weight control strategies are increasing in both developed and developing countries. Female adolescents tend to engage in various unhealthy weight control practices. These practices are considered to have association with psychological factors such as body weight misperception and socio-cultural factors like peer influences. However little is known about such practices among female high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the magnitude of unhealthy weight control practice and related factors among female high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study was conducted among 721 female high school adolescents who were randomly selected from both private and government schools. A stratified multi-stage sampling procedure was followed. A pre-tested self-administered questionnaire was used. Anthropometric measurement was taken to calculate Body Mass Index-for-age. Depression was measured using patient health questionnaire-9 depression measurement scale. Body part satisfaction scale was translated in to the local Amharic language and tested for face validity. Internal consistency was estimated using Cronbach"s alpha. EPI data version 3.1 and STATA version14 were used to enter, clean and analyze data. Result: - We have found that 378 (57.1%) of female high school adolescents were engaged in unhealthy weight control practice. Perceived over weight [AOR=5.7, 95% CI: 1.17-27.90], being overweight [AOR=5.22, 95% CI: 1.42-19.23], peer influence [AOR=1.9, 95% CI: 1.05-3.28] and middle torso dissatisfaction [AOR= 1.4, 95% CI: 1.05-1.89] were found to have significant association with unhealthy weight control practice. Conclusion: - The study showed that unhealthy weight control practice is prevalent among female high school adolescents in Addis Ababa. Peer influence, dissatisfaction of the middle torso (the abdomen and waist area), overweight perception and being overweight were found to have association with unhealthy weight control practice. Therefore preventive intervention designs that address body image misperception, body part dissatisfaction, overweight/obesity and peer influence problems should be warranted in light of the high prevalence of unhealthy weight control practice
Molecular transport through capillaries made with atomic-scale precision
Creators: name: Radha, B.
name: Esfandiar, A.
name: Wang, F. C.
name: Rooney, A. P.
name: Gopinadhan, K.
name: Keerthi, A.
name: Mishchenko, A.
name: Janardanan, A.
name: Blake, P.
name: Fumagalli, L.
name: Lozada-Hidalgo, M.
name: Garaj, S.
name: Haigh, S. J.
name: Grigorieva, I. V.
name: Wu, H. A.
name: Geim, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanometre-scale pores and capillaries have long been studied because of their importance in many natural phenomena and their use in numerous applications. A more recent development is the ability to fabricate artificial capillaries with nanometre dimensions, which has enabled new research on molecular transport and led to the emergence of nanofluidics. But surface roughness in particular makes it challenging to produce capillaries with precisely controlled dimensions at this spatial scale. Here we report the fabrication of narrow and smooth capillaries through van der Waals assembly, with atomically flat sheets at the top and bottom separated by spacers made of two-dimensional crystals with a precisely controlled number of layers. We use graphene and its multilayers as archetypal two-dimensional materials to demonstrate this technology, which produces structures that can be viewed as if individual atomic planes had been removed from a bulk crystal to leave behind flat voids of a height chosen with atomic-scale precision. Water transport through the channels, ranging in height from one to several dozen atomic planes, is characterized by unexpectedly fast flow (up to 1 metre per second) that we attribute to high capillary pressures (about 1,000 bar) and large slip lengths. For channels that accommodate only a few layers of water, the flow exhibits a marked enhancement that we associate with an increased structural order in nanoconfined water. Our work opens up an avenue to making capillaries and cavities with sizes tunable to ångström precision, and with permeation properties further controlled through a wide choice of atomically flat materials available for channel walls.
Vergleichende Untersuchung der Effektivität einer Low-Level-Lesertherapie (LLLT) auf therapieinduzierte Akuttoxizität bei kurativer Radio-(Chemo)-Therapie von Kopf-Hals-Tumoren
Creators: name: Nagel, Annekatrin Marie
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences Medicine

description: Die Low-Level-Laser-Therapie (LLLT) ist ein nicht invasives physikalisches Verfahren zur Stimulation der Zell- und Geweberegeneration. Sie wird bei therapieassoziierter Mukositis prophylaktisch und therapeutisch eingesetzt. Ziel der vorliegenden nicht randomisierten kontrollierten Interventionsstudie war es, die Wirksamkeit einer täglich simultan zur RT/RCT durchgeführten LLLT am eigenen Patientenkollektiv mit Kopf-Hals-Tumoren zu überprüfen. Es zeigte sich eine bessere Verträglichkeit der Therapie.
Konzeption, Aufbau und Test eines Elektronenlinearbeschleunigers für eine Synchrotronstrahlungsquelle der 3. Generation
Creators: name: Piel, Christian
Publisher: name: Universität Dortmund
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Linearbeschleuniger
subject: Synchrotronstrahlung
subject: Strahl
subject: Dynamik
subject: 530

description: Eine Synchrotronstrahlungsquelle der 3. Generation besteht heute aus mehreren Beschleunigeranlagen. Zentraler Bestandteil ist zunächst der Speicherring, in dem der hochenergetische und intensive Elektronenstrahl über Stunden gespeichert wird und an dem die eigentliche Nutzung der Strahlung stattfindet. Vorbeschleuniger oder Injektoren erzeugen die zur Füllung des Speicherrings benötigten kurzen (ns - ms) Elektronenpulse. Die Vorbeschleuniger müssen an die Gegebenheiten des Speicherrings angepasst sein. Demzufolge werden sehr hohe Anforderungen an die Strahlintensität und Strahlqualität, sowie an die Zeitstruktur des Elektronenstrahls bereits im Injektor gefordert.Im Rahmen dieser Dissertation wurde ein 100MeV-Elektronenlinearbeschleuniger, als optimierter Injektor für eine Synchrotronstrahlungsquelle der 3. Generation ausgelegt, umgesetzt, aufgebaut und erfolgreich an der Swiss Light Source (SLS) in Betrieb genommen.
description: Third generation synchrotron light sources consist out of different acceleration systems. The essential part is the storage ring, which can store the intense electron beam for hours and provide the synchrotron light to the users. Pre accelerators (injectors) generate and accelerate the required short electron bunches (ns - ms). Those injectors have to be carefully adapted to the storage ring. High requirements concerning beam intensity, beam quality and time structure have therefore to be fulfilled already by the injector accelerator.Within the context of this dissertation a 100MeV electron linear accelerator had been successfully designed, built and commissioned, suitable to serve the modern Suisse Light Source third generation synchrotron light source as an optimised injector.
Cosmological Information in the Marked Power Spectrum of the Galaxy Field
Creators: name: Massara, Elena
name: Villaescusa-Navarro, Francisco
name: Hahn, ChangHoon
name: Abidi, Muntazir M.
name: Eickenberg, Michael
name: Ho, Shirley
name: Lemos, Pablo
name: Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad
name: Blancard, Bruno Régaldo-Saint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Marked power spectra are two-point statistics of a marked field obtained by weighting each location with a function that depends on the local density around that point. We consider marked power spectra of the galaxy field in redshift space that up-weight low density regions, and perform a Fisher matrix analysis to assess the information content of this type of statistics using the Molino mock catalogs built upon the Quijote simulations. We identify four different ways to up-weight the galaxy field, and compare the Fisher information contained in their marked power spectra to the one of the standard galaxy power spectrum, when considering monopole and quadrupole of each statistic. Our results show that each of the four marked power spectra can tighten the standard power spectrum constraints on the cosmological parameters $Ω_{\rm m}$, $Ω_{\rm b}$, $h$, $n_s$, $M_ν$ by $15-25\%$ and on $σ_8$ by a factor of 2. The same analysis performed by combining the standard and four marked power spectra shows a substantial improvement compared to the power spectrum constraints that is equal to a factor of 6 for $σ_8$ and $2.5-3$ for the other parameters. Our constraints may be conservative, since the galaxy number density in the Molino catalogs is much lower than the ones in future galaxy surveys, which will allow them to probe lower density regions of the large-scale structure.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Classification methods for noise transients in advanced gravitational-wave detectors II: performance tests on Advanced LIGO data
Creators: name: Powell, Jade
name: Torres-Forné, Alejandro
name: Lynch, Ryan
name: Trifirò, Daniele
name: Cuoco, Elena
name: Cavaglià, Marco
name: Heng, Ik Siong
name: Font, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The data taken by the advanced LIGO and Virgo gravitational-wave detectors contains short duration noise transients that limit the significance of astrophysical detections and reduce the duty cycle of the instruments. As the advanced detectors are reaching sensitivity levels that allow for multiple detections of astrophysical gravitational-wave sources it is crucial to achieve a fast and accurate characterization of non-astrophysical transient noise shortly after it occurs in the detectors. Previously we presented three methods for the classification of transient noise sources. They are Principal Component Analysis for Transients (PCAT), Principal Component LALInference Burst (PC-LIB) and Wavelet Detection Filter with Machine Learning (WDF-ML). In this study we carry out the first performance tests of these algorithms on gravitational-wave data from the Advanced LIGO detectors. We use the data taken between the 3rd of June 2015 and the 14th of June 2015 during the 7th engineering run (ER7), and outline the improvements made to increase the performance and lower the latency of the algorithms on real data. This work provides an important test for understanding the performance of these methods on real, non stationary data in preparation for the second advanced gravitational-wave detector observation run, planned for later this year. We show that all methods can classify transients in non stationary data with a high level of accuracy and show the benefits of using multiple classifiers.
Improved Modeling of the Discrete Component of the Galactic Interstellar Gamma-ray Emission and Implications for the Fermi-LAT Galactic Center Excess
Creators: name: Karwin, Christopher M.
name: Broughton, Alex
name: Murgia, Simona
name: Shmakov, Alexander
name: Tavakoli, Mohammadamin
name: Baldi, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this work is to improve models for the gamma-ray discrete or small-scale structure related to H2 interstellar gas. Reliably identifying this contribution is important to disentangle gamma-ray point sources from interstellar gas, and to better characterize extended gamma-ray signals. Notably, the Fermi-LAT Galactic center (GC) excess, whose origin remains unclear, might be smooth or point-like. If the data contain a point-like contribution that is not adequately modeled, a smooth GC excess might be erroneously deemed to be point-like. We improve models for the H2-related gamma-ray discrete emission for a $50^\circ \times 1^\circ$ region along the Galactic plane via H2 proxies better suited to trace these features. We find that these are likely to contribute significantly to the gamma-ray Fermi-LAT data in this region, and the brightest ones are likely associated with detected Fermi-LAT sources, a compelling validation of this methodology. We discuss prospects to extend this methodology to other regions of the sky and implications for the characterization of the GC excess.
description: Submitted
Gender Bias in Allocation of Household Resources for Children Five to Fourteen Years of Age
Creators: name: W / Michael, Girma
Publisher: name: National Academic Digital Repository of Ethiopia
Year: 1994

description: A cross-sectional , comparative study was conducted in rural Sululta woreda between September I and January 30, 1994 to assess gender bias in the allocation of household resources for children 5-14 years of age. Data were obtained through a questionnaire survey and focus group discussions. Caretakers for a total of 1785 children, including 903 boys (50.6%) and 882 girls (49.4%), were interviewed during a survey of every fifth household in 17 randomly selected farmers associations. Nutritional practices were found to favour boys, with male children more likely to receive highly valued foods including meat (risk ratio [RR] = 1.24, 95 % confidence intervals [CI] = 1.19-1.28), milk (RR=2.74, CI=2.43-3.09), egg (RR=2.75 , CI=1.39-5.44), butter (RR=1.45, CI=1.38-1.53), and lentils (RR= 1.02, CI = 1.00-1.03). No statistical differepce hy gender was ohserved for duration of breast feeding or age at introduction of complement;n)' foods. Boys were given greater access to educa!io:!al ~pportunities, w;th enrolment in school significantly higher among m?J!" r.bilciren (RR=1.27. CI=1.05-1.53). Boys were more likely to be immunized (RR=1.28, CI=1.03-1.58), and more likely to receive the care of a health professional when ill (RR= 1.12, CI= 1.05- 1.19). Girls were more likely to work at household chores for 12 or more hours per day (RR=1.31 , CI=1.16-1.49) and were more often expected to marry at less than 20 years of age (RR=25 .65 , CI=18. 15-36.25). IV Other parental expectations for the future of their children, including earning power and inheritance patterns, also favoured male children. A special program to improve the status of the girl child is recommended.
Ευθανασία στην Ελλάδα: Η Ψυχοσυναισθηματική στήριξη ατόμων με σχετιζόμενα νοσήματα
Creators: name: Γώτα, Σουλτάνα Στέργιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ασθενής
Θάνατος
Ψυχοσυναισθηματική Στήριξη
Patient
Death
Psychoemotional Support

description: Σκοπός της μεταπτυχιακής διπλωματικής εργασίας ήταν η μελέτη των συναισθημάτων των ασθενών με χρόνια νοσήματα καθώς και οι ψυχοκοινωνική και ψυχοσυναισθηματική στήριξή τους. Αρχικά έγινε αναφορά στην ιστορική αναδρομή και στις κύριες μορφές της ευθανασίας. Στην συνέχεια εξετάστηκαν η εξωτερίκευση και διεργασία του πόνου της απώλειας και του πένθους καθώς και οι αλλαγές στην φροντίδα των ασθενών με την πάροδο του χρόνου. Παρουσιάστηκαν τα κύρια συναισθήματα και τα βιώματα των ασθενών στην πορεία τους προς τον θάνατο. Αναφέρθηκαν οι κύριες θεωρίες του πένθους και τα στάδια πορείας προς τον θάνατο. Ακόμη μελετήθηκαν οι δυσκολίες της οικογένειας και του νοσηλευτικού προσωπικού στην διαχείριση και αντιμετώπιση της κατάστασης. Παρουσιάστηκαν οι δομές παροχής υπηρεσιών υγείας και στήριξης των ατόμων με χρόνιες ασθένειες η Ανακουφιστική φροντίδα και οι Ξενώνες. Τέλος έγινε αναφορά στα υπέρ και κατά της ευθανασίας καθώς και στην θρησκευτική πίστη
description: The purpose of the master's thesis was to study the emotions of patients with chronic diseases as well as their psychosocial and psycho-emotional support. Initially, reference was made to the historical background and the main forms of euthanasia. The externalization and process of grief due to loss and mourning as well as changes in patient care over time were then examined. The main emotions and experiences of the patients on their way to death were presented. The main theories of mourning and the stages of the path to death were mentioned. The difficulties of families and the nursing staff in managing and dealing with the situation were also studied. The structures for providing health services and support to people with chronic diseases, Palliative Care and Hospices were presented. Finally, reference was made to the pros and cons of euthanasia as well as to religious faith
Tight contact structures on hyperbolic three-manifolds
Creators: name: Arikan, M. Firat
name: Secgin, Merve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R65, 58A05, 58D27

description: We show the existence of tight contact structures on infinitely many hyperbolic three-manifolds obtained via Dehn surgeries along sections of hyperbolic surface bundles over circle.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, corrections made
Synergies Between Lean Construction and Artificial Intelligence: AI Driven Continuous Improvement Process
Creators: name: Cisterna, Diego
name: Lauble, Svenja
name: Haghsheno, Shervin
name: Wolber, Jan
Publisher: name: International Group for Lean Construction
Year: 2022
Subjects: Lean construction
artificial intelligence
continuous improvement
integration
cultural change

description: Both, Lean Construction (LC) techniques and Artificial Intelligence (AI) methods strive for the continuous improvement of production systems in projects and organizations. A combined implementation of both approaches is an ongoing research area. Therefore, the question arises as to whether the added value generated by implementing both approaches jointly is greater than the added value generated by implementing them independently and what is the significance of people in their combined use. This paper explores theoretically the potential of synergies between LC and AI in the AEC sector with exemplary use cases as well as their resulting effects. Humans play a crucial role as interface between a combined use of both of them. As a result, a framework containing LC, AI and people is formed as basis for further combined developments. Therefore, change management, an area in which Lean has spent several years developing, can help both approaches gain traction. With the results, targeted applications can be developed, and practice can be supported.
Barriers To Entry: Autocratic States And The Determinants Of Internal Migration Control
Creators: name: Greenberg, Charlotte
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022

description: What determines a citizen’s ability to migrate within a country? Why do autocracies, at times, encourage migration to urban areas and, at other points, halt all movement within the state? This paper attempts to answer these questions by analyzing migration policies in China and the former USSR. Both states formed distinctive policies that regulated all movement within the country. However, the degree of control varied depending on the economic and political goals at the moment. This paper is guided by the aim of understanding the strategic incentives of states to form institutionalized controls on migration and what causes these controls to shift. It ultimately argues that autocratic states determine internal migration policies by balancing goals towards industrialization with the fear and consequences of political instability. States will encourage migration when there is a high demand for labor and restrict movement when there is a fear of revolt. This paper has implications on migration studies and, with the recent resurgence of autocratic power, is crucial for our understanding of how autocracies control the natural rights of their citizens.