cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
ESM-FIG5.pdf from Enhanced heterogenous hydration of SO2 through immobilization of pyridinic-N on carbon materials
Creators: name: Zou, Longhua
name: Yan, Ping
name: Lu, Peng
name: Chen, Dongyao
name: Chu, Wei
name: Cen, Wanglai
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020

description: Carbon materials doped with nitrogen have long been used for SO2 removal from flue gases for the benefits of the environment. The role of water is generally regarded as hydration of SO3 which is formed through the oxidization of SO2. However, the hydration of SO2, especially on the surface of N doped carbon materials, was almost ignored. In this study, the hydration of SO2 was investigated in detail on the pyridinic nitrogen (PyN) doped graphene (GP) surfaces. It is found that, compared to the homogeneous hydration of SO2 assisted with NH3 in gas phase, the heterogeneous hydration is much more thermodynamically and kinetically favourable. Specifically, when a single H2O molecule is involved, the energy barrier for SO2 hydration is as low as 0.15 eV, with 0.59 eV released, indicating the hydration of SO2 can occur at rather low water concentration and temperature. Thermodynamic integration molecular dynamics results show the feasibility of the hydrogenated substrate recovery and the immobilized N acting as a catalytic site for SO2 hydration. Our findings show that the heterogeneous hydration of SO2 should be universal and potentially uncover the puzzling reaction mechanism for SO2 catalytic oxidation at low temperature by N doped carbon materials.
Bedtime Oral Hygiene Behaviours, Dietary Habits and Children’s Dental Health
Creators: name: Kitsaras, George
name: Goodwin, Michaela
name: Kelly, Michael P.
name: Pretty, Iain A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: early childhood caries
free sugars
diet
psychosocial
child
wellbeing
prevention
decay

description: Background: Oral hygiene behaviours as well as dietary habits before bed can affect children’s dental health resulting in higher prevalence of dental disease. Dental disease can affect children’s health, development and even school performance. If left untreated, dental disease can progress and it can lead to extractions under general anaesthetic causing further distress for children and families. Consistent and appropriate oral hygiene behaviours and dietary habits can prevent dental diseases from occurring in the first place. Objective: This cross-sectional study examines the relationship between oral hygiene behaviours, dietary habits around bedtime and children’s dental health. Methods: A total of 185 parents with children between the ages of 3 and 7 years from deprived areas participated in the study. Data on bedtime routine activities were collected using an automated text-survey system. Children’s dental health status was established through examination of dental charts and dmft (decayed, missed, filled teeth) scores. Results: In total, 52.4% of parents reported that their children’s teeth were brushed every night. The majority of children (58.9%) had dmft scores over zero. In total, 51 (46.7% of children with dmft score over 0 and 27.5% of all children) children had active decay. The mean dmft score for those experiencing decay was 2.96 (SD = 2.22) with an overall mean dmft score of 1.75 (SD = 2.24). There were significant correlations between frequency of tooth brushing, frequency of snacks/drinks before bed and dmft scores (r = −0.584, p 0.001 and r = 0.547, p = 0.001 respectively). Finally, higher brushing frequency was associated with a lower likelihood of a dmft score greater than 0 (Exp(B) = 0.9). Conclusions: Despite families implementing oral hygiene behaviours as part of their bedtime routines those behaviours varied in their consistency. Results of this study highlight the need for additional studies that consider bedtime routine-related activities and especially the combined effects of oral hygiene practices and dietary habits due to their potentially important relationship with children’s dental health.
The relationship between the time of cerebral desaturation episodes and outcome in aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Burzyńska, Małgorzata
name: Uryga, Agnieszka
name: Kasprowicz, Magdalena
name: Czosnyka, Marek
name: Dragan, Barbara
name: Kübler, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Research
Subarachnoid haemorrhage
Near-infrared spectroscopy
Glasgow outcome scale
Hypoxia
Critical care

description: Abstract: In this preliminary study we investigated the relationship between the time of cerebral desaturation episodes (CDEs), the severity of the haemorrhage, and the short-term outcome in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage (aSAH). Thirty eight patents diagnosed with aneurysmal subarachnoid haemorrhage were analysed in this study. Regional cerebral oxygenation (rSO2) was assessed using near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). A CDE was defined as rSO2 < 60% with a duration of at least 30 min. The severity of the aSAH was assessed using the Hunt and Hess scale and the short-term outcome was evaluated utilizing the Glasgow Outcome Scale. CDEs were found in 44% of the group. The total time of the CDEs and the time of the longest CDE on the contralateral side were longer in patients with severe versus moderate aSAH [h:min]: 8:15 (6:26–8:55) versus 1:24 (1:18–4:18), p = 0.038 and 2:05 (2:00–5:19) versus 0:48 (0:44–2:12), p = 0.038. The time of the longest CDE on the ipsilateral side was longer in patients with poor versus good short–term outcome [h:min]: 5:43 (3:05–9:36) versus 1:47 (0:42–2:10), p = 0.018. The logistic regression model for poor short-term outcome included median ABP, the extent of the haemorrhage in the Fisher scale and the time of the longest CDE. We have demonstrated that the time of a CDE is associated with the severity of haemorrhage and short-term outcome in aSAH patients. A NIRS measurement may provide valuable predictive information and could be considered as additional method of neuromonitoring of patients with aSAH.
Business Concept as a Relational Message: Supermarket vs Independent Grocery as Competitors for Sustainability
Creators: name: Mikkola, Minna
name: Mikkola, Minna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Business concept
subject: retail
subject: supermarket
subject: independent grocery
subject: economic exchange relations
subject: sustainability

description: The paper deals with competition for sustainability between two business concepts, the supermarket and the independent grocery, both selling local and organic food. The paper is based on Finnish case evidence with very oligopolistic retail structure and its empirical and the theoretical interest focuses on the nature of economic exchange relations of these business concepts. The study shows how the supermarket is driven by market and hierarchic as well as power relations, regarding both suppliers and consumers. The business concept includes weak choice editing and indicates ‘consumer versus producer via retailer’ set-up. The independent grocery is at its core a social and partnership based endeavour, entailing strong choice editing for sustainability through the ‘consumer cum producer via retailer’ set-up. However, the supermarket may include more local and organic food in its product range on market conditions, in need of customer management, while the grocery can expand by decentralized multiplication of its business concept. The grocery also adds a new market channel for family farmers enabling better use of local resources, thereby renewing the market. This study shows the importance of the business concept as a condition and limitation for further growth, and explains the business concept as a relational message for sustainability.
Probing Quark Matter In Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Prakash, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of quark matter in neutron star interiors may have distinctive signatures in basic observables such as (i) masses and radii [1], (ii) surface temperatures versus age [2], (iii) spin-down rates of milli-second pulsars [3], and (iv) neutrino luminosities from future galactic core collapse supernovae [4]. I highlight recent developments in some of these areas with a view towards assessing how theory may be confirmed by $ν-$signals from future galactic supernovae in detectors like SuperK, SNO and others under consideration, including UNO [5], and by multi-wavelength photon observations with new generation satellites such as the HST, Chandra, and XMM.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the proceedings of QM 2001. Uses fleqn.sty and espcrc1.sty
Influence Strategies in South African Wine Value Chains
Creators: name: Ewert, Joachim
name: Hanf, Jon
name: Ewert, Joachim
name: Hanf, Jon
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Global Value Chains
subject: Influence Strategies
subject: Wine
subject: South Africa
subject: Upgrading

description: In development studies, the concept of a value chain is neatly connected with the process of upgrading i.e. firms are enabled to not only to act as bulk suppliers but instead to sell branded goods to (international) markets. However, the notion of upgrading has been challenged by several authors. For instance, with regard to the South African wine industry Ponte and Ewert (2009) show that a better outcome or ‘deal’ does not necessarily follow in the wake of higher value added. Drawing on a number of detailed case studies, in this paper we investigate this conclusion in more depth. By doing so, we try to explain which paths South African producer cellars have or have not chosen, and why. As global value chain theory posits that the governance structure of value chains are of crucial importance, we will pay particular interest to the design of the chains as a success factor.
Anthropogenic stressors impact fish sensory development and survival via thyroid disruption
Creators: name: Besson, Marc
name: Feeney, William E.
name: Moniz, Isadora
name: François, Loïc
name: Brooker, Rohan M.
name: Holzer, Guillaume
name: Metian, Marc
name: Roux, Natacha
name: Laudet, Vincent
name: Lecchini, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/158/856
/631/158/2455
/704/172/4081
/704/829/826
article

description: Funder: Fondation Bettencourt-Schueller
description: Funder: Griffith University; Alexander von Humboldt Foundation
description: Funder: ANSES(2015/1/076)
description: Funder: Contrat de Projet Etat-Polynésie française 2015-2020; LabEx Corail (Etape); PSL Environment (Pesticor); Agence de l’eau (Rhone-Méditérranée-Corse n°2018-1765).
description: Abstract: Larval metamorphosis and recruitment represent critical life-history transitions for most teleost fishes. While the detrimental effects of anthropogenic stressors on the behavior and survival of recruiting fishes are well-documented, the physiological mechanisms that underpin these patterns remain unclear. Here, we use pharmacological treatments to highlight the role that thyroid hormones (TH) play in sensory development and determining anti-predator responses in metamorphosing convict surgeonfish, Acanthurus triostegus. We then show that high doses of a physical stressor (increased temperature of +3 °C) and a chemical stressor (the pesticide chlorpyrifos at 30 µg L−1) induced similar defects by decreasing fish TH levels and affecting their sensory development. Stressor-exposed fish experienced higher predation; however, their ability to avoid predation improved when they received supplemental TH. Our results highlight that two different anthropogenic stressors can affect critical developmental and ecological transitions via the same physiological pathway. This finding provides a unifying mechanism to explain past results and underlines the profound threat anthropogenic stressors pose to fish communities.
Patterns of mangrove forest disturbance and biomass removal due to small-scale harvesting in southwestern Madagascar
Creators: name: Scales, Ivan R.
name: Friess, Daniel A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Original Paper
Anthropogenic disturbance
Deforestation
Degradation
Forest–poverty linkages
Provisioning ecosystem services

description: Abstract: Informal small-scale mangrove wood harvesting has received limited attention, though it is a widespread threat to mangroves in many parts of the tropics. We investigated wood use and the impacts of harvesting on mangrove forests in the Bay of Assassins in southwest Madagascar. We measured forest structure, composition, and harvesting across 60 vegetation plots and investigated human uses of the mangroves through Rapid Rural Appraisal techniques. We found that unlike other mangroves in the region, those in the Bay of Assassins are dominated by Ceriops tagal. Tree harvesting rates are high, with a mean of 28.7% (SD 19.4) of trees harvested per plot. This is similar to heavily harvested mangroves in other parts of the tropics. A comparison of tree versus sapling importance of the different mangrove tree species indicates that the composition of the mangrove forest is changing, with C. tagal becoming more important. Livelihood activities drive the harvesting of certain species and size classes. Mangrove wood is used mainly for the construction of traditional housing and fencing. There are also emerging uses of mangrove wood, including seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) aquaculture and the production of ‘sokay’, a lime render made by burning sea shells in mangrove wood kilns and used to improve the durability of houses. Small-scale selective harvesting of mangrove wood is important for local livelihoods but may have wide-ranging impacts on forest composition and structure. Demand for mangrove wood has grown in relation to new commodity chains for marine products, demonstrating the need for integrated landscape management that considers wetland, terrestrial and marine resources together.
Gravitational decays of heavy particles in large extra dimensions
Creators: name: Gabrielli, E.
name: Mele, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of quantum gravity propagating in large extra dimensions, we analyze the inclusive radiative emission of Kaluza-Klein spin-2 gravitons in the two-fermions decays of massive gauge bosons, heavy quarks, Higgs bosons, and in the two-massive gauge bosons decay of Higgs bosons. We provide analytical expressions for the square modulus of amplitudes summed over polarizations, and numerical results for the widths and branching ratios. The corresponding decays in the Z, top quark, and Higgs boson sectors of the standard model are analyzed in the light of present and future experiments.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures, notation slightly changed, a few comments added
CHALLENGES OF TAXATION AND IMPACT ON SOMALILAND
Creators: name: Jibril, Saed Mohamed
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: CHALLENGES
TAXATION
IMPACT ON SOMALILAND

description: Abstract

Taxation plays a crucial role in economic development by generating revenue for public services and infrastructure. This study examines the challenges of taxation and its impact on Somaliland’s economy, focusing on tax collection efficiency, compliance, and its effects on economic growth. The research explores key issues such as administrative inefficiencies, the influence of the informal economy, and the role of governance in shaping taxation policies.

Using a mixed-methods approach, data was collected through surveys and interviews with tax officials, business owners, and economic experts. The findings indicate that inadequate tax administration, widespread tax evasion, and a lack of transparency hinder the effectiveness of Somaliland’s tax system. Additionally, the heavy reliance on informal taxation and multiple taxation practices adversely affects businesses, particularly small and medium enterprises (SMEs).

The study highlights the need for policy reforms to enhance tax administration, improve taxpayer compliance, and promote economic diversification. Recommendations include strengthening tax enforcement mechanisms, increasing public awareness about taxation benefits, and integrating digital solutions for efficient tax collection. These insights provide valuable guidance for policymakers and stakeholders seeking to optimize taxation policies to support sustainable economic growth in Somaliland.
Direct CP Violation In Radiative B Decays
Creators: name: Hurth, Tobias
name: Mannel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the role of the radiative B decays $B \to X_{s/d} γ$ in our search for new physics focusing on the issue of direct CP violation. We discuss in some detail a SM prediction for the CP asymmetries in inclusive $b \to s/d$ transitions, namely $\mid Δ{\cal B}(B \to X_s γ) + Δ{\cal B}(B \to X_d γ) \mid \sim 1 \cdot 10^{-9}$. Any measured value in significant deviation of this estimate would indicate new sources of CP violation beyond the CKM phase.
description: latex, 8 pages, 3 figures
Effective field theory analysis of composite higgsino-like and wino-like thermal relic dark matter
Creators: name: Geytenbeek, Ben
name: Gripaios, Ben
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: paper
dark matter simulations
dark matter theory

description: Abstract: We study the effective field theory (including operators up to dimension five) of models in which dark matter is composite, consisting of either an electroweak doublet Dirac fermion (`higgsino-like dark matter') or an electroweak triplet Majorana fermion (`wino-like dark matter'). Some of the dimension-five operators in the former case cause mass splittings between the neutralino and chargino states, leading to a depleted rate of coannihilations and viable thermal relic dark matter with masses of the order of tens to hundreds of GeV rather than the usual pure higgsino thermal relic mass of 1 TeV. No such effects are found in the latter case (where the usual thermal relic mass is 3 TeV). Other operators, present for both wino- and higgsino-like dark matter, correspond to inelastic electromagnetic dipole moment interactions and annihilation through these can lead to viable models with dark matter masses up by an order of magnitude compared to the usual values.
The Concentration and Growth of Solids in Fragmenting Circumstellar Disks
Creators: name: Baehr, Hans
name: Klahr, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Due to the gas rich environments of early circumstellar disks, the gravitational collapse of cool, dense regions of the disk form fragments largely composed of gas. During formation, disk fragments may attain increased metallicities as they interact with the surrounding disk material, whether through particle migration to pressure maxima or through mutual gravitational interaction. In this paper, we investigate the ability of fragments to collect and retain a significant solid component through gas-particle interactions in high-resolution 3D self-gravitating shearing box simulations. The formation of axissymmetric perturbations associated with gravitational instabilities allows particles of intermediate sizes to concentrate through aerodynamic drag forces. By the onset of fragmentation, the mass of local particle concentrations within the fragment are comparable to that of the gas component and the sebsequent gravitational collapse results in the formation of a solid core. We find that these cores can be up to several tens of Earth masses, depending on grain size, before the fragment center reaches temperatures which would sublimate solids. The solid fraction and total mass of the fragment also depend on the metallicity of the young parent protoplanetary disk, with higher initial metallicities resulting in larger fragments and larger solid cores. Additionally, the extended atmospheres of these soon-to-be gas giants or brown dwarfs are occasionally enriched above the initial metallicity, provided no solid core forms in the center and are otherwise lacking in heavier elements when a core does form.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Supply Chains of Products of Animal Origin: A Complex Network Model for Strategic Management
Creators: name: Nasuelli, Piero
name: Clemente, Flavia
name: Baggio, Rodolfo
name: Berruto, Remigio
name: Busato, Patrizia
name: Nasuelli, Piero
name: Clemente, Flavia
name: Baggio, Rodolfo
name: Berruto, Remigio
name: Busato, Patrizia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Production Economics
subject: Complex Networks
subject: Supply Chains
subject: Products of Animal Origin

description: Due to the dynamic evolution of food chains during the past years, currently available chain models are no longer able to meet the needs of operators. This article introduces a model for chain analysis which is used in an analysis of the supply chains of the entire Italian production of Animal Origin which constitute a complex network in which the actors of the agro-food system operate. The new model is innovative for two reasons: it represents many supply chains of products of animal origin from different productive species in a single model and, in addition, allows to represent the complexity of the chain network.
Leucothoe euryonyx Walker 1901
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe euryonyx

description: Leucothoe euryonyx Walker, 1901
 Leucothoe euryonyx Walker, 1901: 302, 303, pl. 27, figs 24–26. — Stebbing, 1906: 724. — Krapp-Schickel, 1969: 306. — Krapp-Schickel, 1975: 98, pl. 4. — Ledoyer, 1986: 658–661, fig. 251. — Krapp-Schickel, 1989: 444, fig. 301.
 Leucothoe dentitelson Chevreux, 1925: 297–299, figs 7, 8. — Reid, 1951: 227, 228, fig. 25. — Griffiths, 1975: 140.
 Leucothoe quadrimana Ruffo, 1946: 53, 54. — Ruffo & Krapp-Schickel, 1967: 85–91, figs 1, 2.
 Type locality and specimens. Cannes. Holotype, female, 1.75 mm.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Walker (1901) and Ruffo & Krapp-Schickel (1967).
 Diagnosis (female). Gnathopod 1 carpus with distal setae; dactylus short. Gnathopod 2 basis distally expanded; carpus with small subdistal tooth; propodus palm sub-rectangular; dactylus short, thick. Pereopods 5–7 bases narrowly expanded. Epimeron 3 posteroventral corner with simple cusp.
 Note. Leucothoe euryonyx of Stebbing, 1906, Krapp-Schickel, 1969, 1975, 1989, and Ledoyer, 1986; Leucothoe dentitelson of Chevreux, 1925, Reid, 1951, and Griffiths, 1975; and Leucothoe quadrimana of Ruffo, 1946, and Ruffo & Krapp-Schickel, 1967 agree closely with Walker’s original description of the species.
 Male (sexually dimorphic characters). Gnathopod 2 propodus palm convex with two large tubercles; carpus distally truncate.
 Habitat. Among algae, rhizoids of Cystoseira C. Agardh, 1820, Zostera, Posidonia König, and Lithothamnium Heydrich (1897); 1–190 m.
 Host. Unknown.
 Distribution. Mediterranean Sea: Cannes (Walker 1901; Stebbing 1906), Capri (Ruffo & Krapp-Schickel 1967; Krapp-Schickel 1989), Tyrrhenia (Krapp-Schickel 1969), Naples (Krapp-Schickel 1975). Atlantic Ocean: Senegal, West Africa (Chevreux 1925; Reid 1951; Griffiths 1975; Krapp-Schickel 1989). Indian Ocean: Madagascar (Ledoyer 1986).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on pages 51-52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
New CP Violation in Neutrino Oscillations
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Garcia, M. C.
name: Grossman, Y.
name: Gusso, A.
name: Nir, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of CP--violating observables in neutrino oscillation experiments have been studied in the literature as a way to determine the CP--violating phase in the mixing matrix for leptons. Here we show that such observables also probe new neutrino interactions in the production or detection processes. Genuine CP violation and fake CP violation due to matter effects are sensitive to the imaginary and real parts of new couplings. The dependence of the CP asymmetry on source--detector distance is different from the standard one and, in particular, enhanced at short distances. We estimate that future neutrino factories will be able to probe in this way new interactions that are up to four orders of magnitude weaker than the weak interactions. We discuss the possible implications for models of new physics.
description: ReVTeX, 28 pages, 7 figues. v2: Modifications in section VIII to reflect the fact that some of the couplings that were discussed in this section are irrelevant to our analysis (as pointed out in hep-ph/0112329); Added a discussion in section IX of the relevance of other future experiments that will search for lepton flavor violation
Tumors induce de novo steroid biosynthesis in T cells to evade immunity
Creators: name: Mahata, Bidesh
name: Pramanik, Jhuma
name: Van Der Weyden, Louise
name: Polanski, Krzysztof
name: Kar, Gozde
name: Riedel, Angela
name: Chen, Xi
name: Fonseca, Nuno A.
name: Kundu, Kousik
name: Campos, Lia S.
name: Ryder, Edward
name: Duddy, Graham
name: Walczak, Izabela
name: Okkenhaug, Klaus
name: Adams, David J.
name: Shields, Jacqueline D.
name: Teichmann, Sarah A.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/67/327
/631/67/580
/38
/38/91
/13/31
/64/60
/38/77
/13/106
/9
/13/21
/13/1
article

description: Abstract: Tumors subvert immune cell function to evade immune responses, yet the complex mechanisms driving immune evasion remain poorly understood. Here we show that tumors induce de novo steroidogenesis in T lymphocytes to evade anti-tumor immunity. Using a transgenic steroidogenesis-reporter mouse line we identify and characterize de novo steroidogenic immune cells, defining the global gene expression identity of these steroid-producing immune cells and gene regulatory networks by using single-cell transcriptomics. Genetic ablation of T cell steroidogenesis restricts primary tumor growth and metastatic dissemination in mouse models. Steroidogenic T cells dysregulate anti-tumor immunity, and inhibition of the steroidogenesis pathway is sufficient to restore anti-tumor immunity. This study demonstrates T cell de novo steroidogenesis as a mechanism of anti-tumor immunosuppression and a potential druggable target.
Galaxy shape statistics in the effective field theory
Creators: name: Vlah, Zvonimir
name: Chisari, Nora Elisa
name: Schmidt, Fabian
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: paper
galaxy surveys
gravitational lensing
power spectrum
weak gravitational lensing

description: Abstract: Intrinsic galaxy alignments yield an important contribution to the observed statistics of galaxy shapes. The general bias expansion for galaxy sizes and shapes in three dimensions has been recently described by Vlah, Chisari & Schmidt using the general perturbative effective field theory (EFT) framework, in analogy to the clustering of galaxies. In this work, we present a formalism that uses the properties of spherical tensors to project galaxy shapes onto the observed sky in the flat-sky approximation, and compute the two-point functions at next-to-leading order as well as the leading-order three-point functions of galaxy shapes and number counts. The resulting expressions are given in forms that are convenient for efficient numerical implementation. For a source redshift distribution typical of Stage IV surveys, we find that nonlinear intrinsic alignment contributions to galaxy shape correlations become relevant at angular wavenumbers l ≳ 100.
Finance and Development in an Emerging Market: Argentina in the Interwar Period
Creators: name: Della Paolera, Gerardo
name: Taylor, Alan M.
name: Della Paolera, Gerardo
name: Taylor, Alan M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Argentina
subject: finance in development
subject: interwar history

description: The long-run economic performance of Argentina since World War One has been relatively disappointing until recently. Yet, in the interwar period, signs of future retardation and recurring crises were not so obvious. It is often claimed that an unmitigated success was the remarkably rapid growth of domestic financial markets. In conventional models, such "financial deepening" would help accelerate development, especially in an industrializing economy such as Argentina's. Yet the promise of this trend was unfulfilled: first the outbreak of World War One and then the Great Depression proved a setback for the fledgling financial system, and a long-run deterioration set in after 1940. In this paper we trace the course of financial development using historical and international comparisons and we analyze both macro- and microeconomic aspects of financial intermediation.
Evidence for CII diffuse line emission at redshift $z\sim2.6$
Creators: name: Yang, Shengqi
name: Pullen, Anthony R.
name: Switzer, Eric R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CII is one of the brightest emission lines from star-forming galaxies and is an excellent tracer for star formation. Recent work measured the CII emission line amplitude for redshifts $2
Leucothoe flammosa Thomas & Klebba 2007
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe flammosa

description: Leucothoe flammosa Thomas & Klebba, 2007
 Leucothoe spinicarpa Ortiz, 1975: 8.
 Leucothoe flammosa Thomas & Klebba, 2007: 10–15, figs 4–6. — White, 2011: 28, 29, fig. 5.
 Type locality and specimens. Key West, Florida, USA, 24°33'32"N 81°48'35"W. Holotype, male, 5.4 mm, YPM 38643; paratype, female, 4.3 mm, YPM 38644.
 Material examined. Unmeasured males and females, YPM 38643, YPM 38644, YPM 38645. Diagnosis based on description by Thomas & Klebba (2007).
 Diagnosis. Short antennae. Maxilliped inner plate with numerous facial setae. Gnathopod 1 basis anteroproximally expanded with setose posterior margin; carpus distal margin densely setose; dactylus very short. Gnathopod 2 propodus with numerous submarginal setae. Pereopods 5–7 bases narrowly expanded.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). Gnathopod 1 basis anterior margin not expanded proximally, with a single subdistal seta, posterior margin slightly convex with five mid-marginal setae; carpus with fewer posterior setae (nine versus 17); propodus scimitar shaped. Gnathopod 2 propodus with single line of mediofacial setae.
 Habitat. Coral reefs, sand; 1– 20 m.
 Host. In the mantle cavities of Lima scabra, Americardia media Linnaeus, 1758, Atrina rigida (Lightfoot), Lithophaga antillarum Orbigny, 1846, Lucina pennsylvanica Linneaus, 1758, and Mytilopsis leucopheata Conrad, 1831.
 Distribution. Western Atlantic Ocean: Florida Keys (Thomas & Klebba 2007). Caribbean Sea: Belize (Thomas & Klebba 2007), Panama (White 2011).
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Telomere damage promotes vascular smooth muscle cell senescence and immune cell recruitment after vessel injury
Creators: name: Uryga, Anna K.
name: Grootaert, Mandy O. J.
name: Garrido, Abel M.
name: Oc, Sebnem
name: Foote, Kirsty
name: Chappell, Joel
name: Finigan, Alison
name: Rossiello, Francesca
name: D’Adda Di Fagagna, Fabrizio
name: Aravani, Dimitra
name: Jorgensen, Helle F.
name: Bennett, Martin R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/80/304
/631/80/509
/13/1
/13/44
/13/51
/14/19
/14/32
/38/77
/64/60
article

description: Abstract: Accumulation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) is a hallmark of multiple vascular pathologies, including following neointimal formation after injury and atherosclerosis. However, human VSMCs in advanced atherosclerotic lesions show reduced cell proliferation, extensive and persistent DNA damage, and features of premature cell senescence. Here, we report that stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) and stable expression of a telomeric repeat-binding factor 2 protein mutant (TRF2T188A) induce senescence of human VSMCs, associated with persistent telomeric DNA damage. VSMC senescence is associated with formation of micronuclei, activation of cGAS-STING cytoplasmic sensing, and induction of multiple pro-inflammatory cytokines. VSMC-specific TRF2T188A expression in a multicolor clonal VSMC-tracking mouse model shows no change in VSMC clonal patches after injury, but an increase in neointima formation, outward remodeling, senescence and immune/inflammatory cell infiltration or retention. We suggest that persistent telomere damage in VSMCs inducing cell senescence has a major role in driving persistent inflammation in vascular disease.
Platelet-primed interactions of coagulation and anticoagulation pathways in flow-dependent thrombus formation
Creators: name: Brouns, Sanne L. N.
name: Van Geffen, Johanna P.
name: Campello, Elena
name: Swieringa, Frauke
name: Spiezia, Luca
name: Van Oerle, René
name: Provenzale, Isabella
name: Verdoold, Remco
name: Farndale, Richard W.
name: Clemetson, Kenneth J.
name: Spronk, Henri M. H.
name: Van Der Meijden, Paola E. J.
name: Cavill, Rachel
name: Kuijpers, Marijke J. E.
name: Castoldi, Elisabetta
name: Simioni, Paolo
name: Heemskerk, Johan W. M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/250/2500
/692/4019/592/1339
article

description: Abstract: In haemostasis and thrombosis, platelet, coagulation and anticoagulation pathways act together to produce fibrin-containing thrombi. We developed a microspot-based technique, in which we assessed platelet adhesion, platelet activation, thrombus structure and fibrin clot formation in real time using flowing whole blood. Microspots were made from distinct platelet-adhesive surfaces in the absence or presence of tissue factor, thrombomodulin or activated protein C. Kinetics of platelet activation, thrombus structure and fibrin formation were assessed by fluorescence microscopy. This work revealed: (1) a priming role of platelet adhesion in thrombus contraction and subsequent fibrin formation; (2) a surface-independent role of tissue factor, independent of the shear rate; (3) a mechanism of tissue factor-enhanced activation of the intrinsic coagulation pathway; (4) a local, suppressive role of the anticoagulant thrombomodulin/protein C pathway under flow. Multiparameter analysis using blood samples from patients with (anti)coagulation disorders indicated characteristic defects in thrombus formation, in cases of factor V, XI or XII deficiency; and in contrast, thrombogenic effects in patients with factor V-Leiden. Taken together, this integrative phenotyping approach of platelet–fibrin thrombus formation has revealed interaction mechanisms of platelet-primed key haemostatic pathways with alterations in patients with (anti)coagulation defects. It can help as an important functional add-on whole-blood phenotyping.
The dorsoanterior brain of adult amphioxus shares similarities in expression profile and neuronal composition with the vertebrate telencephalon
Creators: name: Benito-Gutiérrez, Èlia
name: Gattoni, Giacomo
name: Stemmer, Manuel
name: Rohr, Silvia D.
name: Schuhmacher, Laura N.
name: Tang, Jocelyn
name: Marconi, Aleksandra
name: Jékely, Gáspár
name: Arendt, Detlev
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research Article
Telencephalon
Brain evolution
Amphioxus
Neurotransmitter
Adult neurogenesis

description: Funder: FP7 People: Marie-Curie Actions; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100011264; Grant(s): 229597
description: Abstract: Background: The evolutionary origin of the telencephalon, the most anterior part of the vertebrate brain, remains obscure. Since no obvious counterpart to the telencephalon has yet been identified in invertebrate chordates, it is difficult to trace telencephalic origins. One way to identify homologous brain parts between distantly related animal groups is to focus on the combinatorial expression of conserved regionalisation genes that specify brain regions. Results: Here, we report the combined expression of conserved transcription factors known to specify the telencephalon in the vertebrates in the chordate amphioxus. Focusing on adult specimens, we detect specific co-expression of these factors in the dorsal part of the anterior brain vesicle, which we refer to as Pars anterodorsalis (PAD). As in vertebrates, expression of the transcription factors FoxG1, Emx and Lhx2/9 overlaps that of Pax4/6 dorsally and of Nkx2.1 ventrally, where we also detect expression of the Hedgehog ligand. This specific pattern of co-expression is not observed prior to metamorphosis. Similar to the vertebrate telencephalon, the amphioxus PAD is characterised by the presence of GABAergic neurons and dorsal accumulations of glutamatergic as well as dopaminergic neurons. We also observe sustained proliferation of neuronal progenitors at the ventricular zone of the amphioxus brain vesicle, as observed in the vertebrate brain. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the PAD in the adult amphioxus brain vesicle and the vertebrate telencephalon evolved from the same brain precursor region in ancestral chordates, which would imply homology of these structures. Our comparative data also indicate that this ancestral brain already contained GABA-, glutamatergic and dopaminergic neurons, as is characteristic for the olfactory bulb of the vertebrate telencephalon. We further speculate that the telencephalon might have evolved in vertebrates via a heterochronic shift in developmental timing.
Coherent phonon dynamics in spatially separated graphene mechanical resonators
Creators: name: Zhang, Zhuo-Zhi
name: Song, Xiang-Xiang
name: Luo, Gang
name: Su, Zi-Jia
name: Wang, Kai-Long
name: Cao, Gang
name: Li, Hai-Ou
name: Xiao, Ming
name: Guo, Guang-Can
name: Tian, Lin
name: Deng, Guang-Wei
name: Guo, Guo-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vibrational modes in mechanical resonators provide a promising candidate to interface and manipulate classical and quantum information. The observation of coherent dynamics between distant mechanical resonators can be a key step towards scalable phonon-based applications. Here we report tunable coherent phonon dynamics with an architecture comprising three graphene mechanical resonators coupled in series, where all resonators can be manipulated by electrical signals on control gates. We demonstrate coherent Rabi oscillations between spatially separated resonators indirectly coupled via an intermediate resonator serving as a phonon cavity. The Rabi frequency fits well with the microwave burst power on the control gate. We also observe Ramsey interference, where the oscillation frequency corresponds to the indirect coupling strength between these resonators. Such coherent processes indicate that information encoded in vibrational modes can be transferred and stored between spatially separated resonators, which can open the venue of on-demand phonon-based information processing.
Proton-neutron quadrupole interactions: an effective contribution to the pairing field
Creators: name: Fossion, R.
name: De Coster, C.
name: Garcia-Ramos, J. E.
name: Heyde, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the proton-neutron energy contribution, for low multipoles (in particular for the quadrupole component), effectively renormalizes the strength of the pairing interaction acting amongst identical nucleons filling up a single-j or a set of degenerate many-j shells. We carry out the calculation in lowest-order perturbation theory. We perform a study of this correction in various mass regions. These results may have implications for the use of pairing theory in medium-heavy nuclei and for the study of pairing energy corrections to the liquid drop model when studying nuclear masses.
description: 19 pages, TeX, 3 tables, 2 figures. Accepted in PRC
Additional file 1 of Caloric restriction remodels the hepatic chromatin landscape and bile acid metabolism by modulating the gut microbiota
Creators: name: Fan, Yun
name: Qian, Hong
name: Zhang, Meijia
name: Tao, Chengzhe
name: Li, Zhi
name: Yan, Wenkai
name: Huang, Yuna
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Xu, Qiaoqiao
name: Wang, Xinru
name: Wade, Paul A.
name: Xia, Yankai
name: Qin, Yufeng
name: Lu, Chuncheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Relative concentrations of identified bile acids in AL and CR groups. Fig.S2. The phenotypes of HFD male mice after CR gut microbiota transplantation. Fig. S3. Cecal gut microbiota composition alterations in donor groups and recipient groups. Fig. S4. Relative concentrations of identified bile acids in HFD and HFDR groups. Table S1. The caloric consumption in the study. Table S2. The components of the diet sused in the study. Table S3. Primary antibodies used in this study. Table S4. Sequences of primers for RT-qPCR. Table S5. Sequences of primers for ChIP-qPCR.
ЕТИЛИБ ТУҒИЛГАН ЧАҚАЛОҚЛАР ЭРТА ПОСНАТАЛ ДАВРИДА БАЧАДОН НАЙИ ДЕВОРИНИНГ ЎЗИГА ХОС МОРФОЛОГИК ТУЗИЛИШИ
Creators: name: Бақоева, Феруза
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: 1-30 кунлик қизларнинг фаллоп найчалари таҳлил қилинди. Интрамурал, истмик ва ампула қисмлари текширилди. Қопловчи эпителиясининг ҳажм фракциялари, шиллиқ қаватнинг ички қатлами, мушак мембранаси, ворсинкаларининг фаоллик коеффициенти баҳоланди. Фаллопий найлари қисмларининг ривожланиш динамикасидаги фарқлар аниқланди. Энг муҳим ўзгаришлар ампула соҳасида қайд этилди, бу ерда қопловчи эпителиясининг ҳажми 24,4% дан 31,4% гача ва найнинг варонка қисми фаоллик коеффициенти 0,72 дан 0,89 гача ўсди. Интрамурал ва истмик ва ампула қисмлари кўрсаткичлари янада барқарорлашти. Тадқиқот ҳаётнинг биринчи йилида қизларда фаллоп найчасининг таркибий бўлинмаларининг нотекис ривожланишини, ампула соҳасида энг аниқ ўзгаришларни кўрсатди. Олинган маълумотлар репродуктив тизимнинг меъёрий ривожланишини баҳолаш ва мумкин бўлган патологияларни эрта ташхислаш учун кўрсатма бўлиб хизмат қилиши мумкин.
Quantum of the bare cosmological constant
Creators: name: Loran, Farhang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that there exist scalar field theories with plausible one-particle states in general $D$ dimensional nonstationary curved spacetimes whose propagating modes are localized on $d\le D$ dimensional hypersurfaces, and the corresponding stress tensor resembles the bare cosmological constant $λ_B$ in the $D$ dimensional bulk. We show that nontrivial $d=1$ dimensional solutions correspond to $λ_B< 0$. Considering free scalar theories we find that for $d=2$ the symmetry of the parameter space of classical solutions corresponding to $λ_B\neq 0$ is $O(1,1)$ which enhances to $\mathbb{Z}_2\times{\rm Diff}(\mathbb{R}^1)$ at $λ_B=0$. For $d>2$ we obtain $O(d-1,1)$, $O(d-1)\times {\rm Diff}(\mathbb{R}^1)$ and $O(d-1,1)\times O(d-2)\times {\rm Diff}(\mathbb{R}^1)$ corresponding to, respectively, $λ_B<0$, $λ_B=0$ and $λ_B>0$.
description: Extended version, 21 pages, to appear in PTEP
Leucothoe furina
Creators: name: White, Kristine N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Ericales
Ericaceae
Leucothoe
Leucothoe furina

description: Leucothoe furina (Savigny, 1816)
 Lycesta furina Savigny, 1816: 109, 110, pl. 4, figs 2.1, 2b. — Audouin, 1826: 92, pl. 11, fig. 2. — Guérin-Méneville, 1829 – 1844: 23, pl. 26, fig. 8. — Milne Edwards, 1830: no text, pl. 37, fig. 7. — Milne Edwards, 1840: 57, 58, pl. 29, fig. 14. — Lucas, 1840: 230. — White, 1857: 189. — Carus, 1885, 409. — Bonnier, 1887: 328. — Stebbing, 1906: 165. — Schellenberg, 1928: 635–637. — Cecchini, 1929: 771–773. —K.H. Barnard, 1931: 120. — Pirlot, 1936: 294. —K.H. Barnard, 1937: 152. — Sheard, 1937: 20. — Ruffo, 1938: 156. — Nayar, 1966, p. 142, fig. 5d. — Sivaprakasam, 1969b: 387, 388, fig. 3. — Imbach, 1969: 79, pl. 21. — Ruffo, 1969: 10, 11. — Ledoyer, 1979b: 166–168, fig. 14. —Vadar & Beehler, 1983: 59, 60. —Bussarawich, Nateewathana, & Hylleber, 1984a: none. — Lowry & Stoddart, 2003: 155.
 Leucothoe hornelli Walker, 1904: 258, 259, pl. 3, fig. 17. — Walker, 1905: 925. — Stebbing, 1906: 724. — Chevreux, 1908c: 470. — Walker, 1909: 331.
 Leucothoe spinicarpa Rudwick, 1951: 151, fig. 2 (not Abildgaard, 1789).
 Type locality and specimens. Mediterranean or Red Sea, Egypt. Types lost.
 Material examined. No material available for examination. Diagnosis based on description by Savigny (1816), Walker (1904), and Imbach (1969).
 Diagnosis. Gnathopod 2 carpus with small subdistal tooth; propodus palm with three to four large projections. Epimeron 1 with anteroventral tuft of setae. Epimeron 3 sinuous with simple cusp. Uropod 3 elognate.
 Note. Examination of material examined is necessary for each description to determine if all references are in fact L. furina. Many descriptions and illustrations are poor, showing variation in many structures.
 Female (sexually dimorphic characters). No significant sexually dimorphic character.
 Habitat. 10–15 m.
 Host. In branchial chamber of ascidians, including Phallusia nigra (Savigny, 1816) and Polycarpa aurata.
 Distribution. Mediterranean Sea: Egypt (Savigny 1816; Stebbing 1906), Suez (Schellenberg 1928; K.H. Barnard 1931). North Sea: Banff (Stebbing 1906). Atlantic Ocean: Bay de Quiberon (Bonnier 1887). Indian Ocean: Minikoi, India (Walker 1905), Ceylon (Stebbing 1906; K.H. Barnard 1931; Nayar 1966), Maldives (K.H. Barnard 1937), Puket (Ledoyer 1979b). Red Sea (K.H. Barnard 1931; Ruffo 1938). Atlantic Ocean: Dakhla Archipelago (Ruffo 1969). South China Sea: Vietnam (Imbach 1969)
description: Published as part of White, Kristine N., 2011, A taxonomic review of the Leucothoidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda) 3078, pp. 1-113 in Zootaxa 3078 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3078.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5243821
Model Parameters from Metabolite-mediated modelling of microbial community dynamics captures emergent behaviour more effectively than species–species modelling
Creators: name: J. D. Brunner
name: N. Chia
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Parameters used for modeling.