cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pushing the limits of Marangoni-driven patterning
Creators: name: Stanley, Steven Kenneth
name: 0000-0001-9872-3191
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Patterning
Marangoni-driven patterning
Aspect ratio
Pitch
Optimization
Parameter estimation
Bias reversal

description: Marangoni-driven patterning (MDP) is a relatively new technique that harnesses surface tension-driven flows to create topography in thin polymer films with potential uses in generating flexible electronics, metamaterials, and functional coatings for light capture, adhesive, and antibiofouling applications. To determine which applications MDP is best suited for, it is important to understand the fundamental limits of achievable pattern pitch and aspect ratio. To date, the maximum reported aspect ratio for MDP is roughly 0.05 and the minimum reported feature pitch is roughly 1.5 μm. To determine how much these metrics could be improved, we perform a numerical analysis to predict the maximum aspect ratio and minimum feature pitch for MDP. Our analysis shows that the maximum aspect ratio is roughly 0.5, which is roughly ten times better than what has been demonstrated to date. We also show that the pattern pitch is fundamentally limited by light-imaging capabilities and engineering constraints. One issue facing MDP is the leftover residual layer that blocks access to the substrate and necessitates a breakthrough etch for subsequent patterning. To avoid this extra processing step, we investigate the possibility of inducing a dewetting event during MDP, which could expose the underlying substrate during the annealing step and even improve the aspect ratio of the resulting pattern. Through modelling and simulation, we predict the conditions necessary to induce a dewetting event in MDP. Another issue in MDP is pattern control. When generating two-dimensional shapes like squares, simulations show that the corners and edges of the shape are significantly rounded. To improve pattern quality, we implement an algorithm to optimize the initial exposure to generate more favorable flow patterns and sharper topography. We also experimentally validate this work using a polystyrene polymer system. Finally, we investigate the root cause of unexpected bias reversal in spin-coated, conformal polymer films. Our model and simulation results show that Marangoni-driven flow could be responsible for this observation.
Perspective of monochromatic gamma-ray line detection with the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection (HERD) facility onboard China's Space Station
Creators: name: Huang, Xiaoyuan
name: Lamperstorfer, Anna S.
name: Tsai, Yue-Lin Sming
name: Xu, Ming
name: Yuan, Qiang
name: Chang, Jin
name: Dong, Yong-Wei
name: Hu, Bing-Liang
name: Lü, Jun-Guang
name: Wang, Le
name: Wu, Bo-Bing
name: Zhang, Shuang-Nan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: HERD is the High Energy cosmic-Radiation Detection instrument proposed to operate onboard China's space station in the 2020s. It is designed to detect energetic cosmic ray nuclei, leptons and photons with a high energy resolution ($\sim1\%$ for electrons and photons and $20\%$ for nuclei) and a large geometry factor ($>3\,{ m^2\,sr}$ for electrons and diffuse photons and $>2\,{ m^2\,sr}$ for nuclei). In this work we discuss the capability of HERD to detect monochromatic $γ$-ray lines, based on simulations of the detector performance. It is shown that HERD will be one of the most sensitive instruments for monochromatic $γ$-ray searches at energies between $\sim10$ to a few hundred GeV. Above hundreds of GeV, Cherenkov telescopes will be more sensitive due to their large effective area. As a specific example, we show that a good portion of the parameter space of a supersymmetric dark matter model can be probed with HERD.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, matches version published in Astropart.Phys
The role of chemokine CXCL12 in obesity induced PCa progression
Creators: name: Ahn, Songyeon
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Prostate cancer
Obesity
CXCR4
CXCR7
CXCL12

description: Prostate cancer (PCa) is the second leading cause of cancer in men, in the United States. Several studies have shown that overweight or obesity increases PCa progression and PCa mortality. However, the mechanisms underlying this association are not clear. White adipose tissue (WAT) consists of mature adipocytes and a host of other cells generally referred to as the stromal vascular fraction (SVF), which secrete chemokines, cytokines and pro-inflammatory molecules. Adipose stromal cells (ASCs) are stem/progenitor cells that are part of this SVF. It is reported that recruitment of ASCs to peri-tumoral WAT is higher in obese mice. In our study, we used several approaches to evaluate the role of ASC-derived CXCL12 in PCa growth and progression. Using the HiMyc PCa mouse model, we found that obesity enhanced PCa growth and progression by changing the surrounding tumor microenvironment, especially the WAT. The chemokine CXCL12 and its receptor CXCR4 were highly upregulated in the SVF of peri prostatic (pp)WAT from obese HiMyc mice. Using HMVP2 PCa cells derived from HiMyc mice in an allograft tumor model yielded similar results. Furthermore, we showed that treating HMVP2 cells with CXCL12 increased activation of oncogenic signaling proteins associated with cancer migration and invasion such as STAT3, NFkB and AKT. These effects were abolished when CXCR4 and CXCR7 were knocked down or when HMVP2 cells were treated with AMD3100, a CXCR4 antagonist. Further in vivo study confirmed that CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 signaling plays an important role in obesity-induced PCa progression. Treatment with AMD3100 and CCX771 reversed EMT associated protein expression and proliferation in HMVP2 prostate tumors from obese mice. Depleting ASC, the source of CXCL12, produced similar inhibition of tumor progression and EMT related changes. in both control diet and obese mice. Combining ASC depletion with CXCR4 inhibition produced a synergistic inhibition of tumor growth and progression. Several signaling pathways including AKT, ERK, STAT3 and FOXO1a were inhibited by the combination treatment. Furthermore, in prostate specific CXCR4 knockout mice, we found that CXCR4 knockout inhibited adenocarcinoma formation and decreased expression of of both EMT and stem cells markers. Overall, these data demonstrate that CXCL12/CXCR4/CXCR7 pathway as a novel therapeutic target to offset the effecst of obesity on PCa progression.
Cosmic Strings
Creators: name: Vachaspati, Tanmay
name: Pogosian, Levon
name: Steer, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article, written for Scolarpedia, provides a brief introduction into the subject of cosmic strings, together with a review of their main properties, cosmological evolution and observational signatures.
description: References added; 14 pages, 7 figures; invited contribution to Scholarpedia http://www.scholarpedia.org/article/Cosmic_strings
The importance of cultural diversity and local perceptions in ensuring the effective protection of human rights: a study of the Sawhoyamaxa case
Creators: name: Park, Giovanna
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018
Subjects: indigenous peoples
Paraguay
Inter-American Court of Human Rights
human rights
local government
right to property
international law
municipal law

description: Second semester University: University of Deusto, Bilbao
description: In order for human rights to be relevant to all and to ensure the protection of the most vulnerable members of society, it is necessary that human rights to be considered from a local perspective. There is limited research regarding the effectiveness of the impact that a dialogue between the local and the global can have on the effective protection of rights. Seeking to investigate this concept further, this thesis explores how human rights and their violations are viewed, and how the consideration of such nuances by international protection mechanisms can have an impact, at local level. These questions are answered through a case study of the Sawhoyamaxa Indigenous Community v. Paraguay case deliberated by Inter-American Court of Human Rights. This case is an example of the Court’s progressive jurisprudence regarding its consideration of the cultural and spiritual connection that indigenous peoples have with their land in its interpretation of the right to property. In order to explore the above concepts, this thesis focuses on the impact that the violation of the Sawhoyamaxa Indigenous Community’s right to property, in the form of the expropriation of their land, had on their culture and the subsequent impact of the Inter-American Court’s sentence.
Pharmacist-led point-of-care testing and medication optimization for H. pylori and malaria during a medical mission trip in Uganda
Creators: name: Brannick, Erin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Background/Objective: Pharmacists receive training on medications and point of care testing (POCT) devices. Physicians and pharmacists leverage collaborative practice agreements (CPAs) to define protocols by which pharmacists modify and optimize prescription medication therapy. In theory, this framework could be applied to international medical mission clinics. This study aimed to determine if a CPA enabling pharmacists to optimize medications based on H. pylori or malaria POCT results in evidence-based dispensing of antimicrobial and antimalarial medications in the medical mission trip setting.Methods: This IRB-approved, prospective study was conducted in four Ugandan villages from May 16-22, 2017. Patients diagnosed at the clinic with gastritis, gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), peptic ulcer disease (PUD), or malaria were included. Individuals receiving H. pylori or malaria treatment prior to enrollment were excluded. A CPA was established between visiting pharmacists and Ugandan physicians describing allowances for pharmacist-led medication optimization. Patients were seen by a physician or nurse, received a preliminary prescription, referred for POCT, and provided informed consent. A pharmacist evaluated POCT results, optimized medications, and generated and dispensed a final prescription. Collected data included demographics, preliminary prescription, POCT result, and final prescription.Results: A total of 234 patients were included: 70 patients with H. pylori (85.7% females, mean age (±SD) 48.1 ± 17.3 years) with 0 positive POCT results (0.0%); 164 patients with malaria (61.6% females, mean age (±SD) 13.8 ± 14.4 years) with 61 positive POCT results (37.2%). Of the 234 POCTs, 76.1% were ordered by physicians, 18.8% by pharmacists, and 5.1% by nurses. Of preliminary prescriptions, 78.6% requested pharmacy to dose. Final prescriptions were 42.7% optimized by pharmacists, 3.0% by physician or nurse, and 54.7% required no changes (includes preliminary prescriptions listed as pharmacy to dose). Overall, 97 per protocol changes were made prior to dispensing. After POCT, evidence-based diagnoses prevented the dispensing of ten antimicrobial prescriptions for H. pylori, and all 61 patients with positive malaria POCT results received appropriate weight-based treatment.Conclusion: Utilization of a CPA in the medical mission trip setting allowed for pharmacist-led POCT and medication optimization, resulting in evidence-based allocation of available antimicrobial and antimalarial medications.
Avoiding amnesty in the age of accountability : a comparative analysis of Colombia’s proposal for alternative sentencing and South Africa’s conditional amnesty
Creators: name: Savini, Lucia Eleonora Maria
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: amnesty
Colombia
South Africa
reparations
transitional justice
truth commission

description: Second semester University: University of Deusto, Bilbao.
description: One of the more conspicuous symptoms of the anti-impunity movement in transitional justice is a growing objection towards the use of amnesty. While international standards are slowly but surely building a legal barricade to prevent amnesty and impunity, states are searching for alternative measures capable of persuading hostile actors to demobilise. One promising solution to this is Colombia’s proposal for prosecutions accompanied by alternative sentencing in the Marco Juridico de la Paz, which aims to demobilize the guerillas and end a 50-year conflict. But for this proposal to be a genuine alternative to amnesty rather than a political attempt to avoid international legal obligations, it must satisfy victims’ requirements for truth, justice and reparations. This paper, therefore, compares the proposal for alternative sentencing in Colombia with the South African conditional amnesty to determine whether alternative sentencing is an acceptable alternative in our ‘age of accountability’.
Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world - Chapter 5 Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Malik, Adeel
name: Mirza, Rinchan
name: Platteau, Jean-Philippe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Devolution
Autocracy
Pakistan

description: Supplementary material for: Malik, Adeel; Mirza, Rinchan and Platteau, Jean-Philippe (2023) "Devolution under autocracy: Evidence from Pakistan", in: Faguet, Jean-Paul and Pal, Sarmistha (eds) Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world, London: LSE Press BLURB: For developing countries, decentralising power from central government to local authorities holds the promise of deepening democracy, empowering citizens, improving public services and boosting economic growth. Decentralised Governance brings together a new generation of political economy studies that explore these issues analytically, blending theoretical insights with empirical innovation.
The Right Type: An Examination of Typography and Gender Stereotypes in Sports Advertising
Creators: name: McKenzie, Keely
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: It has been proven by many studies that gender stereotyping exists in the sports industry,
especially in the context of sports advertising. In order to understand these stereotypes in
advertising it is necessary to look into design elements of ads, specifically typography. This
study examined 164 ads from Sports Illustrated, a weekly sports magazine, and focused on
elements of gender and font. This study found no detectable link between typography and gender
and also found that women are underrepresented, yet valued by a wide range of audiences.
Typography must be more thoroughly studied before it can be analyzed in the context of specific
areas of advertising, however the results of this study found that it is worthwhile to feature
women more prominently in sports advertisements.
Human rights dimensions and madrasa education: an overlooked perspective : the case of Pakistan
Creators: name: Hassan, Sumeera
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: children rights
Pakistan
Convention on the Rights of the Child
freedom of religion
international obligations
right to education

description: Second semester University: Maastricht University
description: Madrasas in Pakistan came under the limelight after 9/11 terror attacks. Since then, the scholarly work on the madrasas only focus on the security, while the human rights dimension is overlooked. Filling the gap, this study evaluates the Pakistani madrasas under the guidelines provided by the right to education and especially the Convention on the Rights of the Child (CRC). The first part of this research lays down the international legal framework on the right to education, devise the quality dimension under the CRC and its General Comments, and contends the right to religious freedom is not absolute. The second chapter increases the familiarity with madrasa history, the types of madrasas in Pakistan, provides the example of madrasa in other states and concludes by providing ‘scholarly conflict’ on madrasa existing in literature. The third chapter is based on the field research observation-both primary and secondary sources have been utilised. The chapter assesses the madrasas under the guidelines of human right to education . The last and fourth chapter concludes this research by assessing if Pakistan has complied to its obligations under the right to education and concludes by providing recommendations.
A frequency and sensitivity tunable microresonator array for high-speed quantum processor readout
Creators: name: Whittaker, J. D.
name: Swenson, L. J.
name: Volkmann, M. H.
name: Spear, P.
name: Altomare, F.
name: Berkley, A. J.
name: Bumble, B.
name: Bunyk, P.
name: Day, P. K.
name: Eom, B. H.
name: Harris, R.
name: Hilton, J. P.
name: Hoskinson, E.
name: Johnson, M. W.
name: Kleinsasser, A.
name: Ladizinsky, E.
name: Lanting, T.
name: Oh, T.
name: Perminov, I.
name: Tolkacheva, E.
name: Yao, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting microresonators have been successfully utilized as detection elements for a wide variety of applications. With multiplexing factors exceeding 1,000 detectors per transmission line, they are the most scalable low-temperature detector technology demonstrated to date. For high-throughput applications, fewer detectors can be coupled to a single wire but utilize a larger per-detector bandwidth. For all existing designs, fluctuations in fabrication tolerances result in a non-uniform shift in resonance frequency and sensitivity, which ultimately limits the efficiency of band-width utilization. Here we present the design, implementation, and initial characterization of a superconducting microresonator readout integrating two tunable inductances per detector. We demonstrate that these tuning elements provide independent control of both the detector frequency and sensitivity, allowing us to maximize the transmission line bandwidth utilization. Finally we discuss the integration of these detectors in a multilayer fabrication stack for high-speed readout of the D-Wave quantum processor, highlighting the use of control and routing circuitry composed of single flux-quantum loops to minimize the number of control wires at the lowest temperature stage.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures
Violation of chirality of the Möbius domain-wall Dirac operator from the eigenmodes
Creators: name: JLQCD Collaboration
name: Cossu, Guido
name: Fukaya, Hidenori
name: Hashimoto, Shoji
name: Tomiya, Akio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of the violation of the Ginsparg-Wilson (GW) relation in the Möbius domain-wall fermion formulation on the lattice with finite fifth dimension. Using a decomposion in terms of the eigenmodes of its four-dimensional effective Dirac operator, we isolate the GW-violating terms for various physical quantities including the residual mass and the meson susceptibilities relevant for the effective restoration of the axial U(1) symmetry at finite temperature. Numerical result shows that the GW-violating effect is more significant, or even overwhelming, for the quantities that are dominated by the low-lying eigenmodes.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures, 2 tables
Surrogate motherhood: in search of comprehensive regulatory solution
Creators: name: Taruts, Maria
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: children rights
gender discrimination
human rights
international law
reproductive rights
surrogacy

description: Second semester University: University of Deusto, Bilbao.
description: The present thesis focuses on the human rights approach to surrogacy. The rapid expansion of international commercial surrogacy arrangements has caused serious ethical and human rights concerning among states and scholars, which has led to the wave of serious critic of such practice and doubts about its legality. The first part of this paper gives an overview of the challenges that exist within the scope of surrogacy and represent a human rights concern. In the second part a human rights analysis of surrogacy is conducted. The concept of surrogacy is assessed against the major human rights instruments such as CRC, CEDAW, ECHR and ICCPR. The third part in dedicated to the assessment of the current international attempts to regulate surrogacy and some recommendations on how to ensure the respect for human rights of the main parties are suggested. This thesis argues that the purely private law approach taken by the current initiative on the international regulation of surrogacy is not sufficient. The human rights based, dual approach, that would leave the wide margin of appreciation for the states, must be adopted that would ensure that surrogacy is in fact a non-harmful, beneficial practice.
Warped cones and spectral gaps
Creators: name: Nowak, Piotr W.
name: Sawicki, Damian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that warped cones over actions with spectral gaps do not embed coarsely into large classes of Banach spaces. In particular, there exist warped cones over actions of the free group that do not embed coarsely into $L_p$-spaces and there are warped cones over discrete group actions that do not embed into any Banach space with non-trivial type.
description: 7 pages; final version, to appear in PAMS
An Assessment of the Role of Optimal Foraging Theory on Herd Management Decisions among Turkana Pastoralists Using Agent-based Modeling
Creators: name: Warner, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: The array of influences on herd management decisions and the extreme fluctuations in climate has contributed to the development of response diversity among Turkana pastoralists to provide greater environmental resilience (Leslie and McCabe, 2013). Through the use of agent-based modeling, this study will investigate the extent to which herders utilizing a variety of ecological responses use optimal foraging theory when making herd management decisions. Particularly, the agent-based modeling program, NetLogo, will be utilized to understand the impact that herd size, the type of livestock, the separation of livestock, disease, and raiding pressure have on the dynamics of herd population during times of drought and times of normal rains. Ultimately, the conclusions of this study will be utilized to advocate for the use of agent-based modeling in ecological anthropology.
LGBTI hate crimes: a path towards equality : the urgency of a criminal legal framework at the European Union level
Creators: name: Soares, Sara : Pereira De Matos
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2017
Subjects: gender identity
sexual orientation
gender discrimination
European Union
hate crimes

description: Second semester University: University of Ljubljana
description: This thesis deals with LGBTI hate crimes and hate speech, which are criminal offenses committed against people based on their sexual orientation and gender identity. The fact that both concepts are ambiguous and do not have a comprehensive and consensual definition among the international community, giving them a legal significance is considered a complicated task. As such, their definitions and the way they are perceived vary from country to country, depending on the domestic legislations, contributing even more to the already existing ambiguity. The purpose of this research is to draw attention for the urgent need of adoption of a criminal legal instrument at the level of the European Union Law, in order for the same criminal behavior to be considered an offense in all Member States, finding a harmonization of the criminal laws of all countries in what concerns LGBTI hate crimes. This thesis will argue for widening the scope of application of already existing criminal instruments or the creation of a new one, in a way that creates an obligation for all Member States at the same level. The main conclusions to be drawn are that the lack of available data on LGBTI hate crimes across the region is due to the lack of such instrument, creating problems at the level of reporting the crimes and addressing them in a proper manner, considering the motivation. In addition, another goal of this thesis is to conclude that developments at the legislative level are not enough and there is much more to be done regarding a more practical approach. Key words: sexual orientation, gender identity, hate crimes, hate speech, European Union Law, reporting
Rydberg excitation of a single trapped ion
Creators: name: Feldker, T.
name: Bachor, P.
name: Stappel, M.
name: Kolbe, D.
name: Gerritsma, R.
name: Walz, J.
name: Schmidt-Kaler, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate excitation of a single trapped cold $^{40}$Ca$^+$ ion to Rydberg levels by laser radiation in the vacuum-ultraviolet at 122 nm wavelength. Observed resonances are identified as 3d$^2$D$_{3/2}$ to 51 F, 52 F and 3d$^2$D$_{5/2}$ to 64F. We model the lineshape and our results imply a large state-dependent coupling to the trapping potential. Rydberg ions are of great interest for future applications in quantum computing and simulation, in which large dipolar interactions are combined with the superb experimental control offered by Paul traps.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
INFORMATION
Creators: name: Morin, Olivier
name: Winters, James
name: Müller, Thomas
name: Morisseau, Tiffany
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: A pre-registered study project for the Color Game, to be disclosed on May the 1st, 2019. See INFORMATION.pdf. This project was registered twice: original registration 11/04/2018, additional registrations with further detail on 22/10/2018. First wave of data analysis (best model without our hypothesised predictors) carried out and registered on Nov. 7th. 2018. All relevant information is in the attached files.
The Arab uprising and the role of information and communication technologies
Creators: name: Charafeddine, Ali
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: comunication technology
Arab countries
democracy
information technology

description: Second semester University: University of Ljubljana.
description: Democracy and freedom of people has always been at the centre of attention of international community as well as an integral part of Human Rights. In this context, Arab revolts in the year of 2011 were a central event. The protests were mainly coordinated and circulated through social media and other communication technologies; this led some observers to call it the “social media revolt”. Indeed, in the era of globalisation, the role of the Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) is growing, and its importance and influence in social movement organisation is more obvious. The revolts in Egypt and Tunisia provide a very interesting area for discussions and research. This study addresses the role of the ICT in the Arab uprisings by identifying the levels of its influence in the course of events.
Resistance and Resilience: Grassroots Peace Activism in Colombia
Creators: name: Nivia, Manuela
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: For over fifty years, the Colombian nation has endured the longest-running
internal conflict in the Western Hemisphere, which has resulted in an
insurmountable loss of life with almost a quarter of a million killed and more than
5.7 million forcibly displaced (Human Rights Watch, 2014). The vast dimensions
and intricacies of the Colombian war have helped to further intensify the human
rights abuses perpetrated against civilians, which are fed by drug production and
trafficking, illicit trading, arms proliferation, and contending political ideologies
(Bouvier, 2009).
After over four decades of internal conflict, human rights atrocities, and
violence, the Colombian government has sought to develop comprehensive laws and
policies in order to address the protection of at-risk populations; however, the rights
of Colombia’s civil society population and its minority members are far from being
adequately defended. Although many marginalized Colombians, largely as victims
of their circumstances, joined the fighting forces of rebel alliances, many others
chose to establish alternative peace movements free of state cooperation. Because
the Colombian state has failed to adequately protect women, rural communities,
Afro-Colombian individuals, and indigenous populations, among others, these
groups have been forced to design and develop autonomous ways to safeguard their
communities, particularly through models of self-protection based on practices of
disarmament, autonomous self-governance, neutrality in conflict, and the
denunciation of human rights abuses by armed forces.
This research analyzes peace building in Colombia in contrast to the culture
of violence typically associated with Colombia’s history. Through oral history
interviews and specific case studies of civil society peace activists, I discuss the
Colombian population’s struggle for peace in the midst of war and how the concept
of peace is constructed and interpreted in different sites and scales. Through the
implementation of a wide range of alternative techniques of non-violent
resistance—grassroots cultural identity assertions, promotion of human rights,
protective accompaniment, peace culture pedagogy, and defense of territory, among
others—I analyze communities’ complex search for peace. Under these practices, I
argue that victims of Colombia’s conflict and members of social movements have
found empowerment, support, and the promotion of personal identity as members of
minority communities. Primarily, however, my analysis focuses on how Colombia’s
broader culture of peace is developed by these social leaders.
The Electromagnetic Decays of $B^{\pm}_c(2S)$
Creators: name: Wang, Tianhong
name: Jiang, Yue
name: Ju, Wan-Li
name: Yuan, Han
name: Wang, Guo-Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the electromagnetic (EM) decay widths of the $B^{\pm}_c(2S)$ meson, which is observed recently by the ATLAS Collaboration. The main EM decay channels of this particle are $1{^3S_1}γ$ and $1{P}γ$, which, in literature, are estimated to have the branching ratio of about $1/10$. In this work, we get the partial decay widths: $Γ(2{^1S_0}\rightarrow 1{^3S_1}γ)=0.192$ keV, $Γ(2{^1S_0}\rightarrow 1{P_1}γ) = 2.24$ keV and $Γ(2{^1S_0}\rightarrow 1{P_1^\prime}γ) = 11.4$ keV. In the calculation, the instantaneous approximated Bethe-Salpeter method is used. For the $P$-wave $B_c$ mesons, the wave functions are given by mixing the $^3P_1$ and $^1P_1$ states. Within the Mandelstam formalism, the decay amplitude is given, which includes the relativistic corrections.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 3 tables
Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world - Chapter 6 Supplementary Material
Creators: name: Martinez-Bravo, Monica
name: Padró i Miquel, Gerard
name: Qian, Nancy
name: Yao, Yang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public Goods
Local Governance
Decentralisation
China

description: Supplementary material for: Martinez-Bravo, Monica; Padró i Miquel, Gerard; Qian, Nancy and Yao, Yang (2023) "Social fragmentation, public goods and local elections: Evidence from China", in: Faguet, Jean-Paul and Pal, Sarmistha (eds) Decentralised Governance: Crafting effective democracies around the world, London: LSE Press BLURB: For developing countries, decentralising power from central government to local authorities holds the promise of deepening democracy, empowering citizens, improving public services and boosting economic growth. Decentralised Governance brings together a new generation of political economy studies that explore these issues analytically, blending theoretical insights with empirical innovation.
Third-party states’ responsibility for violations of international humanitarian law during a non-international armed conflict within another state: a case study of Syria
Creators: name: Mazrooei, Zoha
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Geneva Coventions
internal conflict
Syria
state responsibility
third parties
international humanitarian law

description: Second semester University: KU Leuven
description: This thesis will focus upon third-party states' responsibility for violation of International Humanitarian Law (IHL) in an internal conflict of another state, with the on-going Syrian conflict as the case study. Third-party states’ responsibility is derived from one of the general norms of established international law: responsibility arising from involvement by a third-party state in an internal conflict of another state. Such involvement can take the form of aid and assistance to combatants or direction and control of the combatants. Since the norms of international law were instituted only somewhat recently, there is not yet a lot of precedent in international law for third-party states’ responsibility. In this thesis, we will examine how third-party state responsibility can be argued for within the framework of established IHL. We will begin with a presentation of the justifications and the legal basis for holding third-party states responsible, i.e., the substantive laws that are violated and for which the third party state can be held accountable. Subsequently, a brief overview will be given of IHL conventions, the main point of focus will be upon Common Articles 1 through 4 of the Geneva Conventions. Thereafter, disarmament treaties and conventions will be examined, all of which expand the foundation, in that violations of treaty obligations can be defined to include “transferring, aiding or assisting, encouraging or inducing, in any way, anyone to engage in any activity prohibited to a State Party under its international agreements.” Finally, the application will be made to Syria to demonstrate how third-party state responsibility might work in practice.
Giantically blue-shifted visible light in femtosecond mid-IR filament in fluorides
Creators: name: Dormidonov, A. E.
name: Kompanets, V. O.
name: Chekalin, S. V.
name: Kandidov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A giant blue shift of an isolated visible band of supercontinuum was discovered and studied in the single filament regime of Mid-IR femtosecond laser pulse at powers slightly exceeding critical power for self-focusing in fluorides.
The Reliability of Common Fitness Tests Used in Law Enforcement: A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Orr, Robin
name: Canetti, Elisa F.D.
name: Schram, Ben
name: Zarrouki, Samir
name: Olaitan Oyebanji
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Fitness Tests
subject: Law Enforcement
subject: Reliability
subject: Scoping Review

description: Scoping Review of reliability data gathered on common fitness tests used in law enforcement
Data and software associated with publication "Survivin prevents the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 from methylating Histone 3 lysine 27"
Creators: name: Jensen, Maja
name: Chandrasekaran, Venkataragavan
name: García-Bonete, María-José
name: Li, Shuxiang
name: Anindya, Atsarina Larasati
name: Andersson, Karin
name: Erlandsson, Malin C.
name: Oparina, Nina Y.
name: Burmann, Björn M.
name: Brath, Ulrika
name: Panchenko, Anna R.
name: Bokarewa I., Maria
name: Katona, Gergely
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: biolayer interferometry, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, machine learning, peptide microarray

description: NMR data, the peptide microarray data, the BLI data and associated computer software associated with publication "Survivin prevents the Polycomb Repressor Complex 2 from methylating Histone 3 lysine 27"
description: This work has been funded by grants from the Röntgen-Ångström Cluster Framework of the Swedish Research Council (G.K., 2015-06099), the Swedish Research Council (M.I.B., 2017-03025), the Swedish Association against Rheumatism (M.I.B., R-566961, R-751351 and R-860371), the King Gustaf V:s 80-year Foundation (M.I.B.), the Regional agreement on medical training and clinical research between the Western Götaland county council and the University of Gothenburg (M.I.B., ALFGBG-717681 and ALFGBG-965623). This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement No 964203 (Long-range electrodynamic INteractions between proteinS — LINkS). S.L. and A.R.P. were supported by the Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, Queen's University, Canada. A.R.P. is the recipient of a Senior Canada Research Chair in Computational Biology and Biophysics and a Senior Investigator Award from the Ontario Institute of Cancer Research, Canada. A.R.P. and S.L. acknowledge the support of the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). B.M.B. acknowledges support from the Wallenberg Centre for Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Gothenburg. We would like to thank the BM29 staff of the European Synchrotron Radiation Facility for their expert assistance during the SAXS beamtime as well as the Swedish NMR Centre of the University of Gothenburg for spectrometer time.
CHDS CCR
Creators: name: Shahan, Elizabeth
name: Klopfenstein, Kristin
name: Colorado Evaluation And Action Lab
name: Clemens, Elysia
name: LeBoeuf, Whitney
name: Sheesley, Alison
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Evaluating the impact of the Colorado Community Response (CCR) Program on the rate of re-referrals of caregivers to Colorado Department of Human Services (CDHS) Division of Child Welfare (DCW) that trigger Family Assessment Responses (FARs) resulting in service provision plans or High Risk Assessments (HRAs) that result in open cases within 72 weeks after randomization (52 weeks after 20 weeks of expected service) relative to a randomly selected control group using an intent to treat model.
A well-being approach to human rights: broadening the recovery paradigm. Employing "happiness" for optimising post-traumatic growth and resiliency after adversity
Creators: name: Bonker, Heather Danielle
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2012
Subjects: human rights
psychology

description: Second semester University: University of Copenhagen
description: This paper analyses how “happiness” can prove useful in providing solutions to resiliency, post-traumatic recovery, and access to a broader range of human rights. It argues for the importance of a paradigm shift away from traditional aid responses embedded in “illness models,” driven by negative symptom elimination. This narrow approach may inhibit recovery and fails to recognise two things. First, that rights to mental and social well-being are not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. And second, that a broader range of post-traumatic outcomes may also include higher levels of functioning and resiliency. These oversights can impede progress in many life domains, interfering with enjoyment of a range of human rights. The paper explores what we know about interconnected variables for happiness and post-traumatic growth outcomes, and how a model acknowledging peoples’ strengths, goals, and values can be supported through creatively adapting “happiness” intervention strategies. A programme application is proposed for a women’s refugee trauma group in Africa. The conclusion is that a broadened approach incorporating happiness and wellbeing, may yield more advantageous gains for psychological and social reconciliation due to an interruption in people’s “life-plan.”
Computational investigation of structure, dynamics and nucleation kinetics of a family of modified Stillinger-Weber model fluids in bulk and free-standing thin films
Creators: name: Gianetti, Melisa M
name: Haji-Akbari, Amir
name: Longinotti, M. Paula
name: Debenedetti, Pablo G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent decades, computer simulations have found increasingly widespread use as powerful tools of studying phase transitions in wide variety of systems. In the particular and very important case of aqueous systems, the commonly used force-fields tend to offer quite different predictions with respect to a wide range of thermodynamic and kinetic properties, including the ease of ice nucleation, the propensity to freeze at a vapor-liquid interface, and the existence of a liquid-liquid phase transition. It is thus of fundamental and practical interest to understand how different features of a given water model affect its thermodynamic and kinetic properties. In this work, we use the forward-flux sampling technique to study the crystallization kinetics of a family of modified Stillinger-Weber (SW) potentials with energy ($ε$) and length ($σ$) scales taken from the monoatomic water (mW) model, but with different tetrahedrality parameters ($λ$). By increasing $λ$ from 21 to 24, we observe the nucleation rate increases by 48 orders of magnitude at a supercooling of $ζ=T/T_m=0.845$. Using classical nucleation theory, we are able to demonstrate that this change can largely be accounted for by the increase in $|Δμ|$, the thermodynamic driving force. We also perform rate calculations in freestanding thin films of the supercooled liquid, and observe a crossover from a surface-enhanced crystallization at $λ= 21$ to a bulk-dominated crystallization for $λ\ge22$.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, five tables
Assessing Financial Sustainability of Small-Scale Farms in North Carolina
Creators: name: Huber, Alexandria
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This honors thesis examines the financial sustainability of small-scale farms in Durham and Orange Counties in North Carolina that grow produce, keep poultry, small ruminants (e.g., sheep and goats) and small camelids (e.g., llamas and alpacas) and produce other agricultural products. These farms are generally characterized as local and environmentally conscious due to a wider variety of crops produced and a greater focus on a smaller area of land often leading to lower pesticide use, better irrigation and soil improvements. Quantitative and qualitative data for a representative sample of small-scale farms focusing on their financial viability, sources of non-farm income, allocation of factors of production (e.g. land, hours worked, hired labor, capital investments), marketing and socioeconomic and demographic characteristics were collected through 21 in-person structured interviews. Farms were categorized as either sustainable, quasi-sustainable or unsustainable, and the data were analyzed for factors correlated with financial sustainability. These categories were dependent on three primary variables—whether the farming was the primary operator’s primary occupation, gross farm income covering operating costs (including income for the operator) and the use or absence of additional sources of income to subsidize operating costs. Eight of the farms were considered financially sustainable, four quasi-sustainable and six financially unsustainable. Number of years as primary operator and experience seemed highly important in determining financial sustainability. Operators that were not farming as their primary occupation stated their desire to farm full-time but were financially limited. Quasi-sustainable farms were more likely to use web-based advertising and utilize U-pick operations. Quasi and unsustainable farms were more likely to use federal, state and local assistance programs, but more research is required to determine the direction of the relationship between these factors. Government programs focused on new farms, such as establishing sustainable practices in land management, seem highly beneficial as well as grants for infrastructure across all sustainability groups. Durham and Orange counties are wealthy counties, which makes the findings difficult to generalize beyond college towns.
Relocation of asylum seekers : requirements of international human rights law
Creators: name: Matheis, Valerie
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: asylum seekers
European Union countries
Convention Relating the Status of Refugees
human rights
international law
refugees

description: Second semester University: Åbo Akademi University.
description: In an attempt to cope with the challenges the European Union (EU) and its member states were facing concerning the large number of refugees arriving in Europe in the course of the year 2015 the European Commission proposed a relocation mechanism for asylum seekers to support member states whose asylum systems were under high pressure. it relates to the transfer of individuals who applied for international protection in one EU member state, who would normally be responsible for examining the asylum claim, to another member state of the EU. This thesis has the objective to analyse which requirements are placed upon mechanisms for the relocation of asylum seekers, as they have been proposed in the EU, by relevant core rights and principles of international human rights law. It will focus on the prohibition of refoulement, the duty of non-discrimination, the right to freedom of movement, the right to protection of one’s family life, and the right to an effective remedy. The key findings of the conducted research could serve as a basis for possible ways to implement such mechanisms in conformity with international human rights law. They also seek to contribute to move forward the debate on new arrangements aimed at achieving an enhanced protection of refugees.
Domain wall pinning and interaction in rough cylindrical nanowires
Creators: name: Dolocan, Voicu O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interactions between pairs of magnetic domain walls (DW) and pinning by radial constrictions were studied in cylindrical nanowires with surface roughness. It was found that a radial constriction creates a symmetric pinning potential well, with a change of slope when the DW is situated outside the notch. Surface deformation induces an asymmetry in the pinning potential as well as dynamical pinning. The depinning fields of the domain walls were found generally to decrease with increasing surface roughness. A DW pinned at a radial constriction creates a pinning potential well for a free DW in a parallel wire. We determined that trapped bound DW states appear above the depinning threshold and that the surface roughness facilitates the trapped bound DW states in parallel wires.