cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative Analysis of Tandem Repeats from Hundreds of Species Reveals Unique Insights into Centromere Evolution
Creators: name: Melters, Daniël P.
name: Bradnam, Keith R.
name: Young, Hugh A.
name: Telis, Natalie
name: May, Michael R.
name: Ruby, J. Graham
name: Sebra, Robert
name: Peluso, Paul
name: Eid, John
name: Rank, David
name: Garcia, José Fernando
name: DeRisi, Joseph L.
name: Smith, Timothy
name: Tobias, Christian
name: Ross-Ibarra, Jeffrey
name: Korf, Ian F.
name: Chan, Simon W. -L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Centromeres are essential for chromosome segregation, yet their DNA sequences evolve rapidly. In most animals and plants that have been studied, centromeres contain megabase-scale arrays of tandem repeats. Despite their importance, very little is known about the degree to which centromere tandem repeats share common properties between different species across different phyla. We used bioinformatic methods to identify high-copy tandem repeats from 282 species using publicly available genomic sequence and our own data. The assumption that the most abundant tandem repeat is the centromere DNA was true for most species whose centromeres have been previously characterized, suggesting this is a general property of genomes. Our methods are compatible with all current sequencing technologies. Long Pacific Biosciences sequence reads allowed us to find tandem repeat monomers up to 1,419 bp. High-copy centromere tandem repeats were found in almost all animal and plant genomes, but repeat monomers were highly variable in sequence composition and in length. Furthermore, phylogenetic analysis of sequence homology showed little evidence of sequence conservation beyond ~50 million years of divergence. We find that despite an overall lack of sequence conservation, centromere tandem repeats from diverse species showed similar modes of evolution, including the appearance of higher order repeat structures in which several polymorphic monomers make up a larger repeating unit. While centromere position in most eukaryotes is epigenetically determined, our results indicate that tandem repeats are highly prevalent at centromeres of both animals and plants. This suggests a functional role for such repeats, perhaps in promoting concerted evolution of centromere DNA across chromosomes.
Das Repertorium der deutschen Königspfalzen
Creators: name: Ehlers, Caspar
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 46, Nr. 4 (2005): Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Simulation benchmarks for low-pressure plasmas: capacitive discharges
Creators: name: Turner, M. M.
name: Derzsi, A.
name: Donko, Z.
name: Eremin, D.
name: Kelly, S. J.
name: Lafleur, T.
name: Mussenbrock, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Benchmarking is generally accepted as an important element in demonstrating the correctness of computer simulations. In the modern sense, a benchmark is a computer simulation result that has evidence of correctness, is accompanied by estimates of relevant errors, and which can thus be used as a basis for judging the accuracy and efficiency of other codes. In this paper, we present four benchmark cases related to capacitively coupled discharges. These benchmarks prescribe all relevant physical and numerical parameters. We have simulated the benchmark conditions using five independently developed particle-in-cell codes. We show that the results of these simulations are statistically indistinguishable, within bounds of uncertainty that we define. We therefore claim that the results of these simulations represent strong benchmarks, that can be used as a basis for evaluating the accuracy of other codes. These other codes could include other approaches than particle-in-cell simulations, where benchmarking could examine not just implementation accuracy and efficiency, but also the fidelity of different physical models, such as moment or hybrid models. We discuss an example of this kind in an appendix. Of course, the methodology that we have developed can also be readily extended to a suite of benchmarks with coverage of a wider range of physical and chemical phenomena.
Modeling deep ocean convection: Large eddy simulation in comparison with laboratory experiments
Creators: name: Raasch, S.
name: Etling, D.
Publisher: name: Boston, Massachusetts : American Meteorological Society
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Large-eddy simulation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::551 | Geologie, Hydrologie, Meteorologie

description: A large-eddy simulation model (LES) has been applied to study deep convective processes in a stratified ocean driven by the energetic cooling at the ocean surface. Closely related to a recent laboratory experiment, the numerical experiment deals with the inverted problem of the growth of a convective mixed layer driven by a localized source of bottom heating in a rotating, stably stratified fluid. In general, good agreement is found between numerical and laboratory results. After onset of the heating a well-mixed layer forms above the heated circular surface. Although small-scale turbulence quantities like rms velocities and length scale can be best described by the nonrotating turbulent velocity and length scales, they are also found to differ significantly from a nonrotating control run, which indicates that rotation affects but does not control the turbulence. Due to the horizontal radial temperature gradient between the mixed layer and the ambient fluid a rim current develops around the periphery of the heated surface. Its near-surface maximum can be well described by a simple thermal wind law. The strong counterrotating current also observed in the laboratory at greater heights above the surface is found to be mainly driven by surface friction and should not be observed in the ocean. As time progresses, the rim current becomes unstable, eventually generating a field of baroclinic eddies that stop the mixed layer growth by causing some horizontal exchange between the convective layer and its cooler surrounding. The wavelength of the instabilities slowly increases with time and is clearly related to the local Rossby radius.
Significance of Extra Hepatic Portal Vein Variations in Hepatopancreatic Surgeries
Creators: name: Neelesh Kanasker
name: Sonje, Preeti
name: Janhavi Bankar
name: Vatsalaswamy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Embolization
Inferior mesenteric vein
Splenic vein
superior mesenteric vein
transplantation

description: Introduction: Knowing the variations in the portal vein's path is important when performing pancreas and duodenum surgeries. It is also useful in the treatment of traumatic mesentery rupture. In surgical resection and transplantation, Awareness about the variations of the portal vein is vital, especially during pre-treatment planning, to lower the complication rates of the surgical and radiological treatments. Furthermore, a thorough understanding of portal vein variations is critical in assessing the technical feasibility of surgical interventions such as liver transplantation, portal vein embolization prior to hepatectomy, and postoperative care. Aim: The goal of this study is to look at the anatomical variations of the portal vein, correlate the findings with clinical problems, and provide a good ontological explanation. Materials and Methods: In this study, Twenty four cadavers embalmed in 10% formalin were procured from the department of anatomy and were dissected. Variations were cleaned and photographed with great care. Results: The creation of the portal vein by the confluence of the superior mesenteric, inferior mesenteric, and splenic veins (1 case), as well as the inferior mesenteric vein terminating in the superior mesenteric vein (6 cases), were among the variations observed. Conclusion: This research was undertaken with the intention of determining the approximate percentage of incidence of major variations in the formation of portal vein. Preventing severe intraoperative haemorrhage can thus be avoided by being aware of such variations before the major abdominal procedures.
Modeling the influence of thermal modification on the electrical conductivity of wood
Creators: name: Brischke, Christian
name: Sachse, Kathrin A.
name: Welzbacher, Christian R.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Electrical resistance
subject: Moisture content measurement
subject: Moisture meter
subject: Moisture monitoring of timber structures
subject: Resistance characteristics
subject: Thermally modified timber (TMT)
subject: Electrical resistances
subject: Timber structures
subject: Electric resistance
subject: Heat treatment
subject: Moisture determination
subject: Moisture meters
subject: Plants (botany)
subject: Timber
subject: Electric conductivity
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::630 | Landwirtschaft, Veterinärmedizin
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: A model has been developed aiming at the description of the effect of thermal modification on the electrical conductivity of wood. The intention was to calculate the moisture content (MC) of thermally modified timber (TMT) through the parameters electrical resistance R, wood temperature T, and CIE Lab color data, which are known to correlate well with the intensity of a heat treatment. Samples of Norway spruce (Picea abies Karst.) and beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) samples were thermally modified in laboratory scale at 11 different heat treatment intensities and the resistance characteristics of the samples were determined. Within the hygroscopic range, a linear relationship between the resistance characteristics and the mass loss (ML) through the heat treatment was established. Based on this, a model was developed to calculate MC from R, T, and ML. To validate this model, color values of 15 different TMTs from industrial production were determined for estimation of their ML and fed into the model. MC of the 15 arbitrarily heat-treated TMTs was calculated with an accuracy of ± 3.5% within the hygroscopic range. The material-specific resistance characteristics based on experimental data led to an accuracy of ± 2.5%. © 2014 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston.
Rational points on the superelliptic erdös-selfridge curve of fifth degree
Creators: name: Lakhal, M.
name: Sander, J.W.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: 11d41: number theory
subject: diophantine equations
subject: higher degree equations
subject: fermat's equation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: §1. Introduction, By a remarkable result of Erdos and Selfridge [3] in 1975. the diophantine equation - yk = (x+1)(x+2)…(x+m), (1) - with integers k≥2 and m≥2, has only the trivial solutions. x = −j(j = i, …, m), y = 0. This put an end to the old question whether the product of consecutive positive integers could ever be a perfect power; for a brief account of its history see [7].
Direct determination of the strange and light quark condensates from full lattice QCD
Creators: name: McNeile, C.
name: Bazavov, A.
name: Davies, C. T. H.
name: Dowdall, R. J.
name: Hornbostel, K.
name: Lepage, G. P.
name: Trottier, H. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the strange quark condensate from lattice QCD for the first time and compare its value to that of the light quark and chiral condensates. The results come from a direct calculation of the expectation value of the trace of the quark propagator followed by subtraction of the appropriate perturbative contribution, derived here, to convert the non-normal-ordered $m\barψψ$ to the $\bar{MS}$ scheme at a fixed scale. This is then a well-defined physical `nonperturbative' condensate that can be used in the Operator Product Expansion of current-current correlators. The perturbative subtraction is calculated through $\mathcal{O}(α_s)$ and estimates of higher order terms are included through fitting results at multiple lattice spacing values. The gluon field configurations used are `second generation' ensembles from the MILC collaboration that include 2+1+1 flavors of sea quarks implemented with the Highly Improved Staggered Quark action and including $u/d$ sea quarks down to physical masses. Our results are : $^{\bar{MS}}(2 \mathrm{GeV})= -(290(15) \mathrm{MeV})^3$, $^{\bar{MS}}(2\, \mathrm{GeV})= -(283(2) \mathrm{MeV})^3$, where $l$ is a light quark with mass equal to the average of the $u$ and $d$ quarks. The strange to light quark condensate ratio is 1.08(16). The light quark condensate is significantly larger than the chiral condensate in line with expectations from chiral analyses. We discuss the implications of these results for other calculations.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures
Lagrangian flows for vector fields with gradient given by a singular integral
Creators: name: Bouchut, François
name: Crippa, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove quantitative estimates on flows of ordinary differential equations with vector field with gradient given by a singular integral of an $L^1$ function. Such estimates allow to prove existence, uniqueness, quantitative stability and compactness for the flow, going beyond the $BV$ theory. We illustrate the related well-posedness theory of Lagrangian solutions to the continuity and transport equations.
On Vertex-Edge-Critically n-Connected Graphs
Creators: name: Mader, W.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Finite Simple Graph
subject: Vertices
subject: n-connected Graph
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: All digraphs are determined that have the property that when any vertex and any edge that are not adjacent are deleted, the connectivity number decreases by two. © 1994, Cambridge University Press. All rights reserved.
Linear-response calculation in the time-dependent density functional theory
Creators: name: Nakatsukasa, Takashi
name: Inakura, Tsunenori
name: Avogadro, Paolo
name: Ebata, Shuichiro
name: Sato, Koichi
name: Yabana, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear response calculations based on the time-dependent density-functional theory are presented. Especially, we report results of the finite amplitude method which we have recently proposed as an alternative and feasible approach to the (quasiparticle-)random-phase approximation. Calculated properties of the giant resonances and low-energy E1 modes are discussed. We found a universal linear correlation between the low-energy E1 strength and the neutron skin thickness.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, Talk at The 11th International Symposium on Origin of Matter and Evolution of Galaxies (OMEG11), Nov. 14-17, 2011
Ataxia and Weakness after Sleeve Gastrectomy: A Case Report
Creators: name: Rajish Sanjit Kumar Shil
name: Alomar, Ammar Fadhil
name: Farooqui, Mohammad Rashid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ataxia
bariatric surgery
gastrectomy
polyneuropathy

description: Every year, the number of patients undergoing bariatric surgery grows, as obesity has become a leading cause of a variety of comorbidities. The frequency of complications associated with this procedure has been increasing. We present the case of a 32-year-old man who suffered ataxia and peripheral polyneuropathy after a sleeve gastrectomy operation, then developed progressive weakness in his extremities within 8 months of surgery and was admitted to the hospital for neurological consultation and care. This uncommon neurological complication might have been due to rapid weight loss and vitamin deficiency. The case report focuses on the signs that bariatric surgeons should look for and how they should treat them.
Nucleation pathway of core-shell composite nucleus in size and composition space and in component space
Creators: name: Iwamatsu, Masao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetics of nucleation of a core-shell composite nucleus that consists of a core of stable final phase surrounded by a wetting layer of intermediate metastable phase is studied using the kinetic theory of binary nucleation not only in the size and composition space but also in the component space. The steady-state solution of the Fokker-Planck equation is considered. Various formulas for the critical nucleus at the saddle point as well as for the post-critical nucleus are derived. The kinetics of nucleation at the saddle point is more appropriately characterized in the size and composition space, while the kinetics of the post-critical nucleus is more appropriately described in the component space. Although both the free-energy landscape and the reaction rates play decisive role to determine the kinetics of nucleation at the saddle point, the details of the free energy landscape are irrelevant to the kinetics of the post critical nucleus.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, Physical Review E to be published
title: Model Predictive Control for Legged Robots
Creators: name: Rathod, Niraj
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2022

description: Optimal planning is essential when it comes to autonomy in legged locomotion. In the last few decades, different optim- ization techniques have been presented to design a legged lo- comotion framework, such as Trajectory Optimization (TO) and Model Predictive Control (MPC). The choice of a dy- namic model utilized while synthesizing these planners plays a pivotal role because the chosen model defines the accuracy of the planning and also becomes a deciding factor for the computational cost of these techniques. In the first part of this thesis, we propose a closed-loop validation procedure for the Single Rigid Body Dynamics (SRBD) model and its vari- ants used for optimal planning. Thereafter, we introduce a Linear Time-Varying (LTV) based TO for legged locomotion, followed by the simulation results and discussion on its lim- itations in re-planning. Re-planning in legged locomotion is crucial to track the de- sired user velocity while adapting to the terrain and reject- ing external disturbances. In the second part of this thesis, we propose and test in experiments a real-time Nonlinear Model Predictive Control (NMPC) tailored to a legged robot to achieve dynamic locomotion on various terrains. We in- troduce a novel mobility-based criterion to define an NMPC cost that enhances the locomotion of quadruped robots while maximizing leg mobility and improving adaptation to the ter- rain features. The NMPC is based on the Real-Time Iteration (RTI) scheme that allows us to re-plan online at 25 Hz with a prediction horizon of 2 seconds. In simulations, the NMPC is tested to traverse a set of pallets of different sizes, walk into a V-shaped chimney, and locomote over rough terrain. In real experiments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our NMPC with the mobility feature that allowed IIT’s 87 kg quadruped robot HyQ to achieve an omni-directional walk on flat terrain, traverse a static pallet, and adapt to a repositioned pallet dur- ing a walk.In the final part of this thesis, we present the extension of the NMPC with other dynamic gaits, i.e., trot and pace. We also introduce an Optimization-Based Reference Gener- ator (ORG) that computes dynamically feasible trajectories for the state and control input based on the Linear Inver- ted Pendulum (LIP) model-based optimization and Quad- ratic Programming (QP) based mapping. These feasible tra- jectories are passed to the NMPC to cope with the disturb- ances while following the user-defined trajectories with the dynamic gaits. We show the effectiveness of this two-stage optimization scheme in simulations and experiments per- formed on the AlienGo robot to trot in a straight line and to recover from the external disturbances while trotting. We also compare the performance of the two-stage scheme with respect to a traditional heuristic reference generator in an ex- periment.
Supersymmetry, shape invariance and the Legendre equations
Creators: name: Bazeia, D.
name: Das, Ashok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In three space dimensions, when a physical system possesses spherical symmetry, the dynamical equations automatically lead to the Legendre and the associated Legendre equations, with the respective orthogonal polynomials as their standard solutions. This is a very general and important result and appears in many problems in physics (for example, the multipole expansion etc). We study these equations from an operator point of view, much like the harmonic oscillator, and show that there is an underlying shape invariance symmetry in these systems responsible for their solubility. We bring out various interesting features resulting from this analysis from the shape invariance point of view.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure; to appear in PLB
Parametric Coupling to Low Frequency Plasma Waves
Creators: name: Karney, Charles F. F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1974
Subjects: plasma physics
radio-frequency heating
symbolic algebra
parametric coupling
nuclear fusion

description: Nonlinear excitation of ion waves by a pump near the lower hybrid frequency is examined. The ion waves considered are ion acoustic, electrostatic ion cyclotron and magnetosonic waves. The approach adopted is coupling of modes carried out to second order. We examine the effects of varying the angles of the excited waves, and apply the results to excitation of such waves in a bounded inhomogeneous plasma. The plasma is assumed uniform and is described by the two fluid equations. Considerable complexity is introduced by taking the angles of propagation to be arbitrary (subject to frequency and wave number matching conditions), and by taking the magnetic field to be finite. In order to treat this problem analytically, we have made extensive use of MACSYMA, a large symbolic computation system, that has been developed by the Mathlab group at M.I.T. Using this facility we have been able to obtain approximate analytic results for the growth rates of the excited waves. Using damping rates from kinetic theory, thresholds for these interactions have been calculated, for typical tokamak plasmas. With the interaction in a uniform plasma well understood, we have tried to examine some of the effects of exciting the pump from a waveguide at the wall of an inhomogeneous plasma. We find that in tokamak plasmas it is possible to excite electrostatic ion cyclotron waves, but since the pump ray is very narrow unstable pulses are unable to grow significantly before convecting out of the pump region. However if it is possible to set up an array of waveguides at the boundary of the plasma, a larger region of pump fields is attainable, and strong excitation of the electrostatic ion cyclotron wave should take place with reasonable external rf powers.
Robert Bohn, Jürgen Elvert, Hain Rebas und Michael Salewski (Hrsg.), Neutralität und totalitäre Aggression. Nordeuropa und die Großmächte im Zweiten Weltkrieg, 1991
Creators: name: Vanwelkenhuyzen, Jean
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 21, Nr. 3 (1994)
Global existence for an age and spatially structured haptotaxis model with nonlinear age-boundary conditions
Creators: name: Walker, Christoph
Publisher: name: Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: tumour invasion
subject: Tumour cell migration
subject: haptotaxis
subject: age-diffusion evolution operator
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: A model focusing on key components involved in tumour invasion is studied. Tumour cell migration is based on cell motility and haptotaxis, i.e., the directed migratory response of tumour cells up gradients of cell-adhesion molecules. Individual cell processes are modelled according to cell age and several tumour phenotypes are incorporated. Global existence and uniqueness of nonnegative solutions to the corresponding coupled system of nonlinear partial differential equations are shown. © 2008 Cambridge University Press.
Search for Turbulent Gas through Interstellar Scintillation
Creators: name: Moniez, Marc
name: Ansari, R.
name: Habibi, F.
name: Rahvar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars twinkle because their light propagates through the atmosphere. The same phenomenon is expected when the light of remote stars crosses a Galactic - disk or halo - refractive medium such as a molecular cloud.We present the promising results of a test performed with the ESO-NTT and the perspectives.
description: Tenth Symposium on Sources and Detection of Dark Matter and Dark Energy in the Universe, Los-Angeles : \'Etats-Unis (2012)
Correlated modelling-microstructure-mechanical property understanding of the new materials
Creators: name: Pinomaa, Tatu
name: Linnala, Lassi
name: Tahkola, Mikko
name: Laukkanen, Anssi
name: Kerbstadt, Michael
name: Oskay, Ceyhun
name: White, Emma
name: Galetz, Mathias
name: Ma, Kan
name: Blackburn, Thomas
name: Knowles, Sandy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The objective is the development of novel Cr-based alloys, Cr-NiAl and Cr- Cr3Si alloys, to obtain enhanced strength, erosion resistance, oxidation and corrosion resistance of metals and alloys for high-temperature environments. Due to the relative novelty of these chromium-based alloys, it is important to further understand the alloy thermodynamics and mechanical properties, which can be carried out with the help of computational materials modelling. Specifically, a key challenge in developing chromium-based superalloys is that it is somewhat unclear how to further alloy the chromium to improve its properties, especially its known lack of ductility. Another focus is to predict the thermodynamic equilibrium at the interface between Cr-Cr3Si alloys with Ni-based or Fe-based substrates to enable the coating of Cr-Cr3Si on state-of-the-art materials.
First, a modelling framework was developed to describe the precipitation kinetics, calibrated based on experiments (reported in D3.1), in order to design superalloy microstructures with desired precipitate particle statistics, which is critical for the mechanical behaviour of these materials. Furthermore, we present density functional theory-based approaches to predict the elastic properties, as well as ductility indicators, to further downselect chromium-based superalloys with desired mechanical properties. Finally, to open design space for new Crbased alloys, we developed a machine learning accelerated computational screening tool to achieve chromium superalloys with a set of thermodynamic criteria in an alloy space spanned by eleven candidate elements.
Second, we performed thermodynamic calculations to determine the equilibrium phase distribution across the interface between Ni-based substrates and slurry coatings (linked with results in D3.3), to guide the design of viable slurry compositions and sintering temperatures for given substrate alloys.
A note on extreme values and kernel estimators of sample boundaries
Creators: name: Girard, Stéphane
name: Jacob, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In a previous paper, we studied a kernel estimate of the upper edge of a two-dimensional bounded set, based upon the extreme values of a Poisson point process. The initial paper "Geffroy J. (1964) Sur un problème d'estimation géométrique.Publications de l'Institut de Statistique de l'Université de Paris, XIII, 191-200" on the subject treats the frontier as the boundary of the support set for a density and the points as a random sample. We claimed in"Girard, S. and Jacob, P. (2004) Extreme values and kernel estimates of point processes boundaries.ESAIM: Probability and Statistics, 8, 150-168" that we are able to deduce the random sample case fr om the point process case. The present note gives some essential indications to this end, including a method which can be of general interest.
Microscopic investigations into lubricated friction pairs in synchronizers
Creators: name: Poll, G.
name: Neudörfer, S.
name: Skubacz, T.
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Clutch
subject: Cone
subject: Disc
subject: Distribution of lubricant
subject: Fluorescence
subject: Friction
subject: Gear
subject: Lubricant
subject: Micro-contact
subject: Pin
subject: Pin-on-disc
subject: Synchromesh
subject: Synchronizer
subject: Thickness of lubricant
subject: Gears
subject: Lubrication
subject: Optimization
subject: Rings (components)
subject: Synchronization
subject: Fluorescence-based method
subject: Gearwheel
subject: Vehicle transmissions
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik

description: An essential component of manually operated vehicle transmissions is the synchronising device. Synchronizers have the task of minimizing the speed difference between the shifted gearwheel and the shaft by means of frictional torque before engaging the gear. Proper operation requires a sufficiently high coefficient of friction. An optimized design of the system with regard to appropriate function and durability on the one hand as well as low cost, low mass, and compact over-all dimensions on the other hand today requires time-consuming and expensive component testing. As it is easier to coat plane surfaces with a friction material than to coat the inner or outer cones of synchronizer rings, this paper investigates if the component tests can be substituted by simpler pin-on-disc type model tests. For this purpose, such model tests and tests with original synchronizers are compared, in particular, regarding the friction characteristics of different materials. Furthermore, a fluorescence-based method is successfully applied to observe the lubricant distribution and the contact conditions during shifts. The investigations reveal that there are limitations to the applicability of tests with plane model pins to real conical component behaviour, which can partly be attributed to differences in drainage efficiency. © IMechE 2008.
Effectiveness of Nanoone Woman Underwear for Dysmenorrhea Management
Creators: name: Choo-Aun Neoh
name: Lan-Shiang Wu
name: Neoh, Karen
name: Neoh, Jessie
name: Chuang, Kenny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Dysmenorrhea
nanoone technology
pain
underwear

description: The objectives of this research is to assess the efficacy of Nanoone Woman Underwear in the treatment of dysmenorrhea. The purpose of this study is to determine the observed change in menstrual pain intensity from baseline to after wearing Nanoone Woman Underwear in women with primary dysmenorrhea. The level of dysmenorrhea pain will be assessed using a VAS (visual analogue scale) ranging from zero (no pain) to ten (extreme pain). A VAS will be used to assess effectiveness at baseline, weeks 1-2, 5-6, and 9-10 of the study. The primary goal is to determine the mean change in menstrual pain intensity from baseline to the endpoint visit. The difference in mean change in menstrual pain intensity from baseline during each menstrual cycle will also be examined. Subjects would be requested to utilise the VAS scoring methodology to record their menstrual pain level on a given sheet every day during menstrual bleeding for three consecutive menstrual cycles in the house. Based on statistical analysis, the mean maximum pain level at the poster menstrual cycle was significantly lower than the prior menstrual cycle when compared to experienced menstrual pain intensity. In women with primary dysmenorrheal, the mean improvement in maximum pain level during the menstrual cycle was substantially lower after long wearing Nanoone Woman Underwear. As a result, after wearing Nanoone Woman Underwear for a long time, the extent of menstrual pain intensity improvement was greater.
Numerical investigations of stress shielding in total hip prostheses
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Wirth, C.J.
name: Windhagen, H.
name: Nolte, I.
name: Meyer-Lindenberg, Andrea
name: Bouguecha, Anas
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Finite element analysis
subject: Human femur
subject: Maximal principal strain
subject: Strain energy density
subject: Stress shielding
subject: Total hip arthroplasty
subject: Human femora
subject: Principal strain
subject: Bone
subject: Finite element method
subject: Hip prostheses
subject: Shielding
subject: Strain energy
subject: Welds
subject: Arthroplasty
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Strain
subject: Prosthetics
subject: article
subject: biological model
subject: elasticity
subject: equipment
subject: femur
subject: finite element analysis
subject: hip arthroplasty
subject: human
subject: mechanical stress
subject: pathophysiology
subject: weight bearing
subject: Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip
subject: Elasticity
subject: Equipment Failure Analysis
subject: Femur
subject: Finite Element Analysis
subject: Humans
subject: Models, Biological
subject: Stress, Mechanical
subject: Weight-Bearing
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::610 | Medizin, Gesundheit

description: Aseptic loosening of the prosthesis is still a problem in artificial joint implants. The loosening can be caused by, among other factors, resorption of the bone surrounding the prosthesis owing to stress shielding. In order to find out the influence of the prosthesis type on post-operative stress shielding, a static finite element analysis of a femur provided with the conventional uncemented stem BICONTACT and of one with the femoral neck prosthesis SPIRON was carried out. Strain energy densities and maximal principal strain distributions were calculated and compared with the physiological situation. Here, stress shielding was demonstrated in both periprosthetic femora. To determine the areas of the stress shielding, the bone in each FE model was subdivided into three regions of interest (ROI): proximal, diaphyseal, and distal. The numerical computations show stress shielding in the proximal ROI of both periprosthetic femora. Diaphyseally, the femoral neck prosthesis SPIRON, in contrast to the conventional uncemented long-stem prosthesis BICONTACT, causes no decrease in the strain distribution and thus no stress shielding. Distally, no change in the load distribution of either periprosthetic femur could be found, compared with the physiological situation. © 2008 IMechE.
A new well behaved class of charge analogue of Adler's relativistic exact solution
Creators: name: Murad, Mohammad Hassan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents a new class of parametric interior solutions of Einstein-Maxwell field equations in general relativity for a static spherically symmetric distribution of a charged perfect fluid with a particular form of electric field intensity. This solution gives us wide range of parameter, K, for which the solution is well behaved hence, suitable for modeling of superdense star. For this solution the gravitational mass of a superdense object is maximized with all degree of suitability by assuming the surface density of the star equal to the normal nuclear density 2.5E17 kg/m3. By this model we obtain the mass of the Crab pulsar 1.401 Solar mass and the radius 12.98 km constraining the moment of inertia parameter greater than 1.61 for the conservative estimate of Crab nebula mass 2 Solar mass and 2.0156 Solar mass with radius 14.07 km constraining the moment of inertia parameter greater than 3.04 for the newest estimate of Crab nebula mass 4.6 Solar mass which are quite well in agreement with the possible values of mass and radius of Crab pulsar.Besides this, our model yields the moments of inertia for PSR J0737-3039A and PSR J0737-3039B are 1.4624E38 kgm2 and 1.2689E38 kgm2 respectively. It has been observed that under well behaved conditions this class of parametric solution gives us the maximum gravitational mass of causal superdense object 2.8020 Solar mass with radius 14.49 km, surface redshift 0.4319, charge 4.67E20 C, and central density 2.68 times nuclear density.
description: Accepted by Astrophysics and Space Science
Supernova-Triggered Molecular Cloud Core Collapse and the Rayleigh-Taylor Fingers that Polluted the Solar Nebula
Creators: name: Boss, Alan P.
name: Keiser, Sandra A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A supernova is a likely source of short-lived radioisotopes (SLRIs) that were present during the formation of the earliest solar system solids. A suitably thin and dense supernova shock wave may be capable of triggering the self-gravitational collapse of a molecular cloud core while simultaneously injecting SLRIs. Axisymmetric hydrodynamics models have shown that this injection occurs through a number of Rayleigh-Taylor (RT) rings. Here we use the FLASH adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) hydrodynamics code to calculate the first fully three dimensional (3D) models of the triggering and injection process. The axisymmetric RT rings become RT fingers in 3D. While ~ 100 RT fingers appear early in the 3D models, only a few RT fingers are likely to impact the densest portion of the collapsing cloud core. These few RT fingers must then be the source of any SLRI spatial heterogeneity in the solar nebula inferred from isotopic analyses of chondritic meteorites. The models show that SLRI injection efficiencies from a supernova several pc away fall at the lower end of the range estimated for matching SLRI abundances, perhaps putting them more into agreement with recent reassessments of the level of 60Fe present in the solar nebula.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, in press, ApJ Letters
Supernovae and Cosmology with Future European Facilities
Creators: name: Hook, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Prospects for future supernova surveys are discussed, focusing on the ESA Euclid mission and the European Extremely Large Telescope(E-ELT), both expected to be in operation around the turn of the decade. Euclid is a 1.2m space survey telescope that will operate at visible and near-infrared wavelengths, and has the potential to find and obtain multi-band lightcurves for thousands of distant supernovae. The E-ELT is a planned general-purpose ground-based 40m-class optical-IR telescope with adaptive optics built in, which will be capable of obtaining spectra of Type Ia supernovae to redshifts of at least four. The contribution to supernova cosmology with these facilities will be discussed in the context of other future supernova programs such as those proposed for DES, JWST, LSST and WFIRST.
description: To appear in proceedings of the Royal Society scientific discussion meeting "New windows on transients across the Universe", 23-24 April 2012
Development of a Novel Robot for Transperineal Needle Based Interventions: Focal Therapy, Brachytherapy and Prostate Biopsies
Creators: name: Long, Jean-Alexandre
name: Hungr, Nikolai
name: Baumann, Michael
name: Descotes, Jean-Luc
name: Bolla, Michel
name: Giraud, Jean-Yves
name: Rambeaud, Jean-Jacques
name: Troccaz, Jocelyne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Purpose: We report what is to our knowledge the initial experience with a new 3-dimensional ultrasound robotic system for prostate brachytherapy assistance, focal therapy and prostate biopsies. Its ability to track prostate motion intraoperatively allows it to manage motions and guide needles to predefined targets. Materials and Methods: A robotic system was created for transrectal ultrasound guided needle implantation combined with intraoperative prostate tracking. Experiments were done on 90 targets embedded in a total of 9 mobile, deformable, synthetic prostate phantoms. Experiments involved trying to insert glass beads as close as possible to targets in multimodal anthropomorphic imaging phantoms. Results were measured by segmenting the inserted beads in computerized tomography volumes of the phantoms. Results: The robot reached the chosen targets in phantoms with a median accuracy of 2.73 mm and a median prostate motion of 5.46 mm. Accuracy was better at the apex than at the base (2.28 vs 3.83 mm, p <0.001), and similar for horizontal and angled needle inclinations (2.7 vs 2.82 mm, p = 0.18). Conclusions: To our knowledge this robot for prostate focal therapy, brachytherapy and targeted prostate biopsies is the first system to use intraoperative prostate motion tracking to guide needles into the prostate. Preliminary experiments show its ability to reach targets despite prostate motion.
Supplementary methods and results from I'm not a little kid anymore! Reciprocal social influence in child–adult interaction
Creators: name: Zonca, Joshua
name: Folsø, Anna
name: Sciutti, Alessandra
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We provide Supplementary Information concerning experimental set-up, design, data analysis and results
New humanitarians? Frame appropriation through private military and security companies
Creators: name: Joachim, Jutta
name: Schneiker, Andrea
Publisher: name: London : SAGE Publications Ltd.
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Humanitarianism
subject: Identity
subject: Private military and security companies
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: Although private military and security companies (PMSCs) are gaining increasing importance, they still suffer from an image problem. In the media, they are frequently referred to as 'mercenaries' or 'dogs of war'. PMSCs are therefore interested in presenting themselves as legitimate and acceptable contract parties. Based on a discourse analysis of the homepages of select PMSCs and the industry association International Stability Operations Association (ISOA), and drawing on the framing literature, we examine one way in which companies respond to such negative labels. We show not only that PMSCs provide supplemental logistics or security for the staff of humanitarian organisations confronted with complex emergencies and ever-more dangerous missions, but also that these companies appropriate the humanitarian frame discursively, emphasising those elements that fit their interests and needs. To present themselves as 'new humanitarians', PMSCs employ primarily two kinds of strategies: naming and forging alliances with more traditional humanitarian actors. Their growing involvement in this field may not be without consequences and may contribute to the blurring of lines between military and civilian missions. © The Author(s) 2012.
Stage2_SI_two_lab_replication_attempt_of_Southgate_Senju_&_Csibra_2007_RSOS from A two-lab direct replication attempt of Southgate, Senju and Csibra (2007)
Creators: name: Kampis, D.
name: Kármán, P.
name: Csibra, G.
name: Southgate, V.
name: Hernik, M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental Information - Methods and Analyses
The Black Sea: Trade and Navigation (13th–15th Centuries)
Creators: name: Balard, Michel
Publisher: name: Vorträge und Forschungen
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Vorträge und Forschungen, Bd. 83 (2016): Vorträge und Forschungen: Maritimes Mittelalter. Meere als Kommunikationsräume
On the initial estimate of interface forces in FETI methods
Creators: name: Gosselet, Pierre
name: Rey, Christian
name: Rixen, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Balanced Domain Decomposition (BDD) method and the Finite Element Tearing and Interconnecting (FETI) method are two commonly used non-overlapping domain decomposition methods. Due to strong theoretical and numerical similarities, these two methods are generally considered as being equivalently efficient. However, for some particular cases, such as for structures with strong heterogeneities, FETI requires a large number of iterations to compute the solution compared to BDD. In this paper, the origin of the bad efficiency of FETI in these particular cases is traced back to poor initial estimates of the interface stresses. To improve the estimation of interface forces a novel strategy for splitting interface forces between neighboring substructures is proposed. The additional computational cost incurred is not significant. This yields a new initialization for the FETI method and restores numerical efficiency which makes FETI comparable to BDD even for problems where FETI was performing poorly. Various simple test problems are presented to discuss the efficiency of the proposed strategy and to illustrate the so-obtained numerical equivalence between the BDD and FETI solvers.
Stochastic approach to correlations beyond the mean field with the Skyrme interaction
Creators: name: Fukuoka, Y.
name: Nakatsukasa, T.
name: Funaki, Y.
name: Yabana, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Large-scale calculation based on the multi-configuration Skyrme density functional theory is performed for the light N=Z even-even nucleus, 12C. Stochastic procedures and the imaginary-time evolution are utilized to prepare many Slater determinants. Each state is projected on eigenstates of parity and angular momentum. Then, performing the configuration mixing calculation with the Skyrme Hamiltonian, we obtain low-lying energy-eigenstates and their explicit wave functions. The generated wave functions are completely free from any assumption and symmetry restriction. Excitation spectra and transition probabilities are well reproduced, not only for the ground-state band, but for negative-parity excited states and the Hoyle state.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, Talk at 2nd International Nuclear Physics Conference "Nuclear Structure and Dynamics", Opatija, Croatia, July 9 - 13, 2012