cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ghost line waves
Creators: name: Moccia, Massimo
name: Castaldi, Giuseppe
name: Alù, Andrea
name: Galdi, Vincenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Time-harmonic electromagnetic plane waves in anisotropic media can exhibit complex-valued wavevectors (with nonzero real and imaginary parts) even in the absence of material dissipation. These peculiar modes, usually referred to as "ghost waves," hybridize the typical traits of conventional propagating and evanescent waves, displaying both phase accumulation and purely reactive exponential decay away from the direction of power flow. Their existence has been predicted in several scenarios, and has been recently observed experimentally in the form of surface phonon polaritons with complex-valued out-of-plane wavevectors propagating at the interface between air and a natural uniaxial crystal with slanted optical axis. Here, we demonstrate that ghost waves can arise also in lower-dimensional flat-optics scenarios, which are becoming increasingly relevant in the context of metasurfaces and in the field of polaritonics. Specifically, we show that planar junctions between isotropic and anisotropic metasurfaces can support "ghost line waves" that propagate unattenuated along the line interface, exhibiting phase oscillations combined with evanescent decay both in the plane of the metasurface (away from the interface) and out-of-plane n the surrounding medium. Our theoretical results, validated by finite-element numerical simulations, demonstrate a novel form of polaritonic waves with highly confined features, which may provide new opportunities for the control of light at the nanoscale, and may find potential applications in a variety of scenarios, including integrated waveguides, nonlinear optics, optical sensing and sub-diffraction imaging.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures. Some typos fixed
Shell morphological comparison of two species of Phorcus genus (Risso, 1826) along the rocky coasts of Tunisia
Creators: name: BOULAJFENE, Wafa
name: TLIG-ZOUARI, Sabiha
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2016

description: This work is a shell morphological comparison of Phorcus turbinatus and Phorcus articulatus along the rocky coasts of Tunisia. Results showed a large distribution of the two species with relatively high densities. P. turbinatus was often encountered in the midlittoral of exposed stations whereas P. articulatus was mainly concentrated at the infralittoral of quiet habitats. Canonical variance analysis in the two studied species discriminated the groups from the northern coast and those from the south (Gulf of Gabès). This intra specific morphological variation seems to be related to geographic position. Moreover, the geometric morphometrical approach only provides a correlative analysis and remains unable to specify the direct mechanical causes of inter specific shape variation. Therefore, genetic analyses are necessary to confirm its origin.
Identification of Histone H3 Lysine 36 Acetylation as a Highly Conserved Histone Modification
Creators: name: Shabanowitz, Jeffrey
name: Allis, C. David
name: Hake, Sandra B.
name: Diaz, Robert L.
name: Garcia, Benjamin A.
name: Morris, Stephanie A.
name: Rao, Bhargavi
name: Lieb, Jason D.
name: Strahl, Brian D.
name: Hunt, Donald F.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Histone lysine (K) acetylation is a major mechanism by which cells regulate the structure and function of chromatin, and new sites of acetylation continue to be discovered. Here we identify and characterize histone H3K36 acetylation (H3K36ac). By mass spectrometric analyses of H3 purified from Tetrahymena thermophila and Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), we find that H3K36 can be acetylated or methylated. Using an antibody specific to H3K36ac, we show that this modification is conserved in mammals. In yeast, genome-wide ChIP-chip experiments show that H3K36ac is localized predominantly to the promoters of RNA polymerase II-transcribed genes, a pattern inversely related to that of H3K36 methylation. The pattern of H3K36ac localization is similar to that of other sites of H3 acetylation, including H3K9ac and H3K14ac. Using histone acetyltransferase complexes purified from yeast, we show that the Gcn5-containing SAGA complex that regulates transcription specifically acetylates H3K36 in vitro. Deletion of GCN5 completely abolishes H3K36ac in vivo. These data expand our knowledge of the genomic targets of Gcn5, show H3K36ac is highly conserved, and raise the intriguing possibility that the transition between H3K36ac and H3K36me acts as an “acetyl/methyl switch” governing chromatin function along transcription units.
Predicting sports scoring dynamics with restoration and anti-persistence
Creators: name: Peel, Leto
name: Clauset, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Professional team sports provide an excellent domain for studying the dynamics of social competitions. These games are constructed with simple, well-defined rules and payoffs that admit a high-dimensional set of possible actions and nontrivial scoring dynamics. The resulting gameplay and efforts to predict its evolution are the object of great interest to both sports professionals and enthusiasts. In this paper, we consider two online prediction problems for team sports:~given a partially observed game Who will score next? and ultimately Who will win? We present novel interpretable generative models of within-game scoring that allow for dependence on lead size (restoration) and on the last team to score (anti-persistence). We then apply these models to comprehensive within-game scoring data for four sports leagues over a ten year period. By assessing these models' relative goodness-of-fit we shed new light on the underlying mechanisms driving the observed scoring dynamics of each sport. Furthermore, in both predictive tasks, the performance of our models consistently outperforms baselines models, and our models make quantitative assessments of the latent team skill, over time.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
(4057) William Gostwyck Gard
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Additional file 1 of Lymphatic vessels are present in human saccular intracranial aneurysms
Creators: name: Huuska, Nora
name: Netti, Eliisa
name: Lehti, Satu
name: Kovanen, Petri T.
name: Niemelä, Mika
name: Tulamo, Riikka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1.
3D supergravity from wrapped M5-branes
Creators: name: Karndumri, Parinya
name: Colgáin, Eoin Ó
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through consistent Kaluza-Klein reduction, we construct 3D $\mathcal{N} =2$ gauged supergravities corresponding to twisted compactifications of M5-branes on a product of constant curvature Riemann surfaces, including Kähler-Einstein four-manifolds. We extend the reduction to fermionic supersymmetry variations in order to determine the 3D Killing spinor equations and classify all timelike supersymmetric solutions. As a by-product, we identify an infinite class of new supersymmetric warped $AdS_3$ (Gödel) and warped $d S_3$ solutions. Moreover, we show that the superpotential $T$ encodes the central charge and R symmetry of the dual $\mathcal{N} = (0,2)$ SCFTs in the large $N$ limit. We demonstrate that the R symmetry matches the canonical $U(1)$ isometry from existing classifications of supersymmetric $AdS_3$ solutions to 11D supergravity with $\mathcal{N} = (0,2)$ supersymmetry.
description: 28 pages; v2 references updated, typos corrected, further details of 11D uplift of AdS3 vacua added
Poecilosclerida (Porifera, Demospongiae) collected by the spanish antarctic expedition BENTART-94
Creators: name: RIOS, Pilar
name: CRISTOBO, Francisco Javier
name: URGORRI, Victoriano
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2004

description: Two new species of Poecilosclerida Iophon hesperidesi sp. nov. (Iophonidae) and Isodictya bentarti sp. nov.
 (Isodictyidae) are described from material collected during the first Spanish expedition on the study of the Antarctic benthos,
 "Bentart '94". A total of 67 individuals of Poecilosclerida (Demospongiae) were examined, corresponding to 14 species, 9
 genera and 8 families. The individuals were collected from 13 stations in muddy sand, mud, stones, rocks, gravel and mixed
 sediment, at depths of 15 to 396 m. The specimens were collected by scuba diving, Van Veen dredge and rock dredge, on
 board the "Hespérides".
(4056) James Blair
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Modulation of Androgen Receptor Activation Function 2 by Testosterone and Dihydrotestosterone
Creators: name: Askew, Emily B.
name: Faggart, Jonathan L.
name: Wilson, Elizabeth M.
name: Gampe Jr., Robert T.
name: Stanley, Thomas B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The androgen receptor (AR) is transcriptionally activated by high affinity binding of testosterone (T) or its 5α-reduced metabolite, dihydrotestosterone (DHT), a more potent androgen required for male reproductive tract development. The molecular basis for the weaker activity of T was investigated by determining T-bound ligand binding domain crystal structures of wild-type AR and a prostate cancer somatic mutant complexed with the AR FXXLF or coactivator LXXLL peptide. Nearly identical interactions of T and DHT in the AR ligand binding pocket correlate with similar rates of dissociation from an AR fragment containing the ligand binding domain. However, T induces weaker AR FXXLF and coactivator LXXLL motif interactions at activation function 2 (AF2). Less effective FXXLF motif binding to AF2 accounts for faster T dissociation from full-length AR. T can nevertheless acquire DHT-like activity through an AR helix-10 H874Y prostate cancer mutation. The Tyr-874 mutant side chain mediates a new hydrogen bonding scheme from exterior helix-10 to backbone protein core helix-4 residue Tyr-739 to rescue T-induced AR activity by improving AF2 binding of FXXLF and LXXLL motifs. Greater AR AF2 activity by improved core helix interactions is supported by the effects of melanoma antigen gene protein-11, an AR coregulator that binds the AR FXXLF motif and targets AF2 for activation. We conclude that T is a weaker androgen than DHT because of less favorable T-dependent AR FXXLF and coactivator LXXLL motif interactions at AF2.
Additional file 2 of Lymphatic vessels are present in human saccular intracranial aneurysms
Creators: name: Huuska, Nora
name: Netti, Eliisa
name: Lehti, Satu
name: Kovanen, Petri T.
name: Niemelä, Mika
name: Tulamo, Riikka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Representative images of thrombus in the saccular intracranial aneurysm (sIA) presenting immunohistochemical staining for LYVE-1 (A), podoplanin (B), VEGFR-3 (C), and Prox1 (D). Ring-shaped structures of immunohistochemical staining positive for LYVE-1 (E) and podoplanin (F), i.e., lymphatic vessels, in the sIA thrombus. The negative controls are shown as insets. Black arrows point down towards the lumen. Scale bar: 50 μm. Positive staining is brown. Haematoxylin background staining.
Clementia papyracea (Gmelin, 1791) (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Veneridae): its established status in the Mediterranean Sea and the first record from Greece
Creators: name: CROCETTA, Fabio
name: TRINGALI, Lionello Paolo
name: MIENIS, Henk K.
name: ZENETOS, Argyro
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2016

description: The biodiversity of the Mediterranean Sea is threatened by an ever increasing pressure from alien species, among which Mollusca are playing a leading role with more than 200 species enumerated. Within the Bivalvia, Clementia papyracea (Gmelin, 1791) is amongst one of the least recorded Mediterranean invaders, only known on the basis of one living specimen from Egypt and few additional empty shells and loose valves. We here first report both the overlooked presence of this species from Greece (Kriti Island) and the first fresh samples from Israel. Our unpublished records may therefore contribute to the suggestion that this taxon is established in the Mediterranean Sea.
Transcriptional Specificity of Drosophila Dysfusion and the Control of Tracheal Fusion Cell Gene Expression
Creators: name: Crews, Stephen T.
name: Jiang, Lan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The Drosophila Dysfusion basic-helix-loop-helix-PAS (bHLH-PAS) protein controls the transcription of genes that mediate tracheal fusion. Dysfusion is highly related to the mammalian Nxf protein that has been implicated in nervous system gene regulation. Toward the goal of understanding how Dysfusion controls fusion cell gene expression, the biochemical properties of Dysfusion were investigated using protein interaction experiments, cell culture-based transcription assays, and in vivo transgenic analyses. Dysfusion dimerizes with the Tango bHLH-PAS protein, and together they act as a DNA binding transcriptional activator. Dysfusion/Tango binds multiple NCGTG binding sites, with the following preference: TCGTG > GCGTG > ACGTG > CCGTG. This binding site promiscuity differs from the restricted binding site preferences of other bHLH-PAS/Tango heterodimers. However, it is identical to the binding site preferences of mammalian Nxf/Arnt, indicating that the specificity is evolutionarily conserved. Germ line transformation experiments using a fragment of the CG13196 Dysfusion target gene allowed identification of a fusion cell enhancer. Experiments in which NCGTG sites were mutated individually and in combination revealed that TCGTG sites were required for fusion cell expression but that the single ACGTG and GCGTG sites present were not. Finally, a reporter transgene containing four tandemly arranged TCGTG elements has strong expression in tracheal fusion cells. Transgenic misexpression of dysfusion further revealed that Dysfusion has the ability to activate transcription in multiple cell types, although it does this most effectively in tracheal cells and can only function at midembryogenesis and later.
Ficopomatus miamiensis(Polychaeta: Serpulidae) and Styela canopus (Ascidiacea: Styelidae), non-native species in Urías estuary, SE Gulf of California, Mexico
Creators: name: SALGADO-BARRAGÁN, José
name: MÉNDEZ, Nuria
name: TOLEDANO-GRANADOS, Arturo
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2004

description: The polychaete Ficopomatus miamiensis, original from Florida, USA and the ascidian Styela canopus, common
 on the Atlantic coast of North America are reported for the first time in the Gulf of California, Pacific coast of Mexico, where
 they live attached to prop roots of the red mangrove (Rhizophora mangle) in Urías estuary. They had already been reported
 in the eastern Pacific, in Panama Bay (both species) and San Diego, California, USA (the ascidian). A two-year survey
 showed that F. miamiensis is euryoecious and that "reef"-like formations are favoured in unstable environments
 characterized by low oxygen and high organic matter concentrations, especially during winter. Density and distribution
 patterns suggest that F. miamiensis was accidentally introduced into Urías estuary together with commercial shrimp.
 Although no trend on the spatial and temporal distribution was observed in the case of S. canopus, it can be presumed that
 it arrived in the lagoon by navigation in ballast water (highly unlikely unless attached to debris in the ballast) or attached to
 ship hulls or sea chests.
(4058) Mary [Gard]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Higgs-Yukawa model with higher dimension operators via extended mean field theory
Creators: name: Akerlund, Oscar
name: de Forcrand, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using extended mean field theory (EMFT) on the lattice, we study properties of the Higgs-Yukawa model as an approximation of the standard model Higgs sector, and the effect of higher dimension operators. We note that the discussion of vacuum stability is completely modified in the presence of a $ϕ^6$ term, and that the Higgs mass no longer appears fine tuned. We also study the finite temperature transition. Without higher dimension operators the transition is found to be second order (crossover with gauge fields) for the experimental value of the Higgs mass $M_h=125$ GeV. By taking a $ϕ^6$ interaction in the Higgs potential as a proxy for a UV completion of the standard model, the transition becomes stronger and turns first order if the scale of new physics, i.e. the mass of the lightest mediator particle, is around $1.5$ TeV. This implies that electroweak baryogenesis may be viable in models which introduce new particles around that scale.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, v2: Improved discussion and added table, made to match published version
RÉPARTITION DU GENRE PSEUDODISTOMA (TUNICIERS) ; DESCRIPTION DE DEUX ESPÈCES NOUVELLES
Creators: name: GAILL, Françoise
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1972

description: Two species of the genus Pseudodistoma are described, so that the total number of known species of that genus reaches 16.
The living area of these animals, already widely spread, is enlarged by the discovery of Pseudodistoma saxicavum n. sp., the first species recorded along the east coast of the american continent.
The distribution map of this genus is given; the species hitherto live within the temperate climate zones.
Visual and Motor Function in Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder: A scoping review of the association between vision and fine motor skills
Creators: name: Poltajko, Helene
name: McKee, Elena
name: Christian, Lisa
name: Niechwiej-Szwedo, Ewa
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Kinesiology
subject: Developmental Neuroscience
subject: Optometry
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Motor Control
subject: Neuroscience and Neurobiology
subject: Developmental Coordination Disorder
subject: Motor Assessments
subject: Scoping Review
subject: Vision Assessments

description: Vision provides a key sensory input during the performance of most daily activities. Visual assessments may include several components such as acuity, sensory fusion, vergence or accommodative status. Research supports that better visual function is associated with more efficient visuomotor control in typically developing children. The purpose of this scoping review is to synthesize the current knowledge about visual function and visuomotor performance, as well as the type of vision and visual perceptual assessments performed routinely in children with DCD. The outcome of this review will provide a better understanding regarding the current state of vision testing in children with DCD, the occurrence and type of vision and visual perceptual assessments, and the potential connection with visuomotor deficits. Such knowledge may help to identify the gaps in current assessment approaches and may have important implications for understanding the visual contribution to poor motor coordination. The purpose of this scoping review is to understand the current state of scientific knowledge about the assessments of visual functions and fine motor skills in children with DCD. Specifically, we are interested in reporting how vision and visual perceptual functions have been assessed in children with DCD and the association between such assessments and visuomotor skill ability.
ASPECTS DE LA SEXUALITÉ D'UN MOLLUSQUE BIVALVE :  LORIPES LUCINALIS (Lmk)
Creators: name: OLLIVIER, Marie-Thérèse
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1972

description: The variations of sexual percentages, the analysis of sex-repartition in the different size-classes of one population of a Mollusk Bivalvia: Loripes lucinalis (Lmk) seem to denote that it is a gonochoristic species. This hypothesis is confirmed by the histological study of the sexualcycle.
Editorial - Smart district heating and energy system analyses
Creators: name: Østergaard, Poul Alberg
name: Lund, Henrik
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: This editorial introduces the 13th volume of the International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, which addresses thermal storage systems in district heating systems, simulation of scheduling of energy units as well as the structure of pricing systems for district heating in Sweden. Beyond the area of district heating, the volume probes into the effects of energy price reductions on energy demand in Hungary as well as the geographical distribution of electricity demand and production in Germany.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
Gravitational Pair Production and Black Hole Evaporation
Creators: name: Wondrak, Michael F.
name: van Suijlekom, Walter D.
name: Falcke, Heino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new avenue to black hole evaporation using a heat-kernel approach analogous as for the Schwinger effect. Applying this method to an uncharged massless scalar field in a Schwarzschild spacetime, we show that spacetime curvature takes a similar role as the electric field strength in the Schwinger effect. We interpret our results as local pair production in a gravitational field and derive a radial production profile. The resulting emission peaks near the unstable photon orbit. Comparing the particle number and energy flux to the Hawking case, we find both effects to be of similar order. However, our pair production mechanism itself does not explicitly make use of the presence of a black hole event horizon.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. To appear in Physical Review Letters
Techno-Economic Assessment of Active Latent Heat Thermal Energy Storage Systems with Low-Temperature District Heating
Creators: name: Castro Flores, Jose Fiacro
name: Rossi Espagnet, Alberto
name: Chiu, Justin NingWei
name: Martin, Viktoria
name: Lacarrière, Bruno
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: Thermal energy storage (TES) is a set of technologies with the potential to enhance the efficiency and flexibility of the 4th generation of district heating systems. This study presents a comparative techno-economic assessment of active TES systems suited to operate with low-temperature district heating (LTDH) for short-term heat storage applications. Latent heat systems (LH-TES) are compared qualitatively and quantitatively to water-based sensible heat systems (SH-TES). It is concluded that latent heat TES systems are still more expensive than water-based systems regarding energy storage cost (EUR/kWh) ranging from 1.5 to 4 times more, mainly due to the cost of the storage media. However, considering distributed TES systems integrated to LTDH, small-scale active LH-TES systems will become more cost-competitive as storage media costs are expected to decline in the future. This study represents a step forward in the development and improvement of the DH system through the integration of TES which will play a key role in the future smart energy system.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
A Disease-causing Point Mutation in Human Mitochondrial tRNA Met Results in tRNA Misfolding Leading to Defects in Translational Initiation and Elongation
Creators: name: Spremulli, Linda L.
name: Jones, Christie N.
name: Agris, Paul F.
name: Graham, William D.
name: Jones, Christopher I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The mitochondrial tRNA genes are hot spots for mutations that lead to human disease. A single point mutation (T4409C) in the gene for human mitochondrial tRNAMet (hmtRNAMet) has been found to cause mitochondrial myopathy. This mutation results in the replacement of U8 in hmtRNAMet with a C8. The hmtRNAMet serves both in translational initiation and elongation in human mitochondria making this tRNA of particular interest in mitochondrial protein synthesis. Here we show that the single 8U→C mutation leads to a failure of the tRNA to respond conformationally to Mg2+. This mutation results in a drastic disruption of the structure of the hmtRNAMet, which significantly reduces its aminoacylation. The small fraction of hmtRNAMet that can be aminoacylated is not formylated by the mitochondrial Met-tRNA transformylase preventing its function in initiation, and it is unable to form a stable ternary complex with elongation factor EF-Tu preventing any participation in chain elongation. We have used structural probing and molecular reconstitution experiments to examine the structures formed by the normal and mutated tRNAs. In the presence of Mg2+, the normal tRNA displays the structural features expected of a tRNA. However, even in the presence of Mg2+, the mutated tRNA does not form the cloverleaf structure typical of tRNAs. Thus, we believe that this mutation has disrupted a critical Mg2+-binding site on the tRNA required for formation of the biologically active structure. This work establishes a foundation for understanding the physiological consequences of the numerous mitochondrial tRNA mutations that result in disease in humans.
First Detection of [C I] $^3$P$_1$-$^3$P$_0$ Emission from a Protoplanetary Disk
Creators: name: Tsukagoshi, Takashi
name: Momose, Munetake
name: Saito, Masao
name: Kitamura, Yoshimi
name: Shimajiri, Yoshito
name: Kawabe, Ryohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed single point [C I] $^3$P$_1$-$^3$P$_0$ and CO J=4-3 observations toward three T Tauri stars, DM Tau, LkCa 15, and TW Hya, using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) Band 8 qualification model receiver installed on the Atacama Submillimeter Telescope Experiment (ASTE). Two protostars in the Taurus L1551 region, L1551 IRS 5 and HL Tau, were also observed. We successfully detected [C I] emission from the protoplanetary disk around DM Tau as well as the protostellar targets. The spectral profile of the [C I] emission from the protoplanetary disk is marginally single-peaked, suggesting that atomic carbon (C) extends toward the outermost disk. The detected [C I] emission is optically thin and the column densities of C are estimated to be
Nuclear Star Clusters and Bulges
Creators: name: Cole, David R.
name: Debattista, Victor P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear star clusters are among the densest stellar systems known and are common in both early- and late-type galaxies. They exhibit scaling relations with their host galaxy which may be related to those of supermassive black holes. These may therefore help us to unravel the complex physical processes occurring at the centres of galaxies. The properties of nuclear stellar systems suggest that their formation requires both dissipational and dissipationless processes. They have stellar populations of different ages, from stars as old as their host galaxy to young stars formed in the last 100 Myr. Therefore star formation must be happening either directly in the nuclear star cluster or in its vicinity. The secular processes that fuel the formation of pseudobulges very likely also contributes to nuclear star cluster growth.
description: To appear in "Galactic Bulges", E. Laurikainen, R.F. Peletier, and D.A. Gadotti (eds.), Springer Publishing
title: The Pedi Polity Under Sekwati and Sekhukhune 1828-1880.
Creators: name: St. Martin Delius, Peter Nicholas
Publisher: name: School of Oriental and African Studies, University of London
Year: 1980

description: This thesis explores aspects of the history of the Pedi polity from 1828-1880 covering the period from the emergence of the polity in the aftermath of the difaqane until its defeat in November of 1879. It sets out to fill the lacunae in the existing literature caused by the failure to adopt a critical approach to historical sources or to provide a dynamic account of Pedi society. An analysis is provided of the changing nature and distribution of power within the polity. The economic changes and political processes at work within the society and the impact of Christianity on it are explored. The development of the polity is also examined in the context of the processes of conflict and change taking place beyond its borders. The concluding chapters of the thesis draw on the insights afforded by the examination of these themes to attempt a substantive revision of the existing explanations and accounts of the conflicts in the 1870s which culminated in the defeat of the polity and the subjection of the Pedi to colonial rule.
Additional file 2 of Corncob structures in dental plaque reveal microhabitat taxon specificity
Creators: name: Morillo-Lopez, Viviana
name: Sjaarda, Alexandra
name: Islam, Imon
name: Borisy, Gary G.
name: Mark Welch, Jessica L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. List of strains used for FISH on pure cultures.
Energy scheduling model to optimize transition routes towards 100% renewable urban districts
Creators: name: Leeuwen, Richard Van
name: Wit, Jan B. De
name: Smit, Gerard J.M.
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: The purpose of this paper is to develop a model to analyze options for 100% renewable urban districts which self-consume locally generated renewable energy as much as possible and import (or export) energy from (or to) external grids as little as possible. Energy scheduling algorithms are developed to prioritize energy generation and storage of local renewable energy. The model is applied in a Dutch case study in which three renewable energy system concepts are evaluated against the case reference. Optimal capacities are determined for minimal operational costs including a penalty on carbon dioxide production. Attractiveness of these concepts is discussed in relation to costs, environmental concerns and applicability within the Dutch context of the energy transition.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
A 4-8 GHz Galactic Center Search for Periodic Technosignatures
Creators: name: Suresh, Akshay
name: Gajjar, Vishal
name: Nagarajan, Pranav
name: Sheikh, Sofia Z.
name: Siemion, Andrew P. V.
name: Lebofsky, Matt
name: MacMahon, David H. E.
name: Price, Danny C.
name: Croft, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radio searches for extraterrestrial intelligence have mainly targeted the discovery of narrowband continuous-wave beacons and artificially dispersed broadband bursts. Periodic pulse trains, in comparison to the above technosignature morphologies, offer an energetically efficient means of interstellar transmission. A rotating beacon at the Galactic Center (GC), in particular, would be highly advantageous for galaxy-wide communications. Here, we present blipss, a CPU-based open-source software that uses a fast folding algorithm (FFA) to uncover channel-wide periodic signals in radio dynamic spectra. Running blipss on 4.5 hours of 4-8 GHz data gathered with the Robert C. Byrd Green Bank Telescope, we searched the central 6' of our Galaxy for kHz-wide signals with periods between 11-100 s and duty cycles ($δ$) between 10-50%. Our searches, to our knowledge, constitute the first FFA exploration for periodic alien technosignatures. We report a non-detection of channel-wide periodic signals in our data. Thus, we constrain the abundance of 4-8 GHz extraterrestrial transmitters of kHz-wide periodic pulsed signals to fewer than one in about 600,000 stars at the GC above a 7$σ$ equivalent isotropic radiated power of $\approx 2 \times 10^{18}$ W at $δ\simeq 10\%$. From an astrophysics standpoint, blipss, with its utilization of a per-channel FFA, can enable the discovery of signals with exotic radio frequency sweeps departing from the standard cold plasma dispersion law.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, published in AJ, in press (http://seti.berkeley.edu/blipss/)
Customer perspectives on district heating price models
Creators: name: Sernhed, Kerstin
name: Gåverud, Henrik
name: Sandgren, Annamaria
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: In Sweden there has been a move towards more cost reflective price models for district heating in order to reduce economic risks that comes with variable heat demand and high shares of fixed assets. The keywords in the new price models are higher shares of fixed cost, seasonal energy prices and charging for capacity. Also components that are meant to serve as incentives to affect behaviour are introduced, for example peak load components and flow components. In this study customer responses to these more complex price models have been investigated through focus group interviews and through interviews with companies that have changed their price models. The results show that several important customer requirements are suffering with the new price models. The most important ones are when energy savings do not provide financial savings, when costs are hard to predict and are perceived to be out of control.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
(4053) Allan Fowlds
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The effects of utility cost reduction on residential energy consumption in Hungary – a decomposition analysis
Creators: name: Szép, Tekla Sebestyén
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: The residential energy consumption is influenced by a lot of factors. Understanding and calculating these factors is essential to making conscious energy policy decisions and feedbacks. Since 2013 the energy prices for households have been controlled by the government in Hungary and as a result of the utility cost reduction program a sharp decline can be observed in residential electricity, district heating and natural gas prices. This paper applies the LMDI (~Logarithmic Mean Division Index) method to decompose the absolute change of the residential energy consumption during the period of 2010-2015. We calculate the price, the intensive structure (it means the change of energy expenditure share on energy sources), the extensive structure (it is in connection with the change of energy expenditure share in total expenditure), expenditure (it is the change of per capita total expenditure) and population effect. All of that shows the impact of the specific factor on the residential energy consumption by income deciles. Our results have verified the preliminary expectations: the decreasing energy prices for households have a positive impact on energy use and it has been strengthened by the expenditure effect as well. However, the intensive structure, the extensive structure and the population effect have largely offset it.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
Variable Flavor Number Scheme for Final State Jets in DIS
Creators: name: Hoang, Andre H.
name: Pietrulewicz, Piotr
name: Samitz, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss massive quark effects in the endpoint region $x \to 1$ of inclusive deep inelastic scattering, where the hadronic final state is collimated and thus represents a jet. In this regime heavy quark pairs are generated via secondary radiation, i.e. due to a gluon splitting in light quark initiated contributions starting at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^2)$ in the fixed-order expansion. Based on the factorization framework for massless quarks in Soft Collinear Effective Theory (SCET), we construct a variable flavor number scheme that deals with arbitrary hierarchies between the mass scale and the kinematic scales exhibiting a continuous behavior between the massless limit for very light quarks and the decoupling limit for very heavy quarks. We show that the threshold matching corrections for all gauge invariant components at the mass scale are related to each other via consistency conditions. This is explicitly demonstrated by recalculating the known threshold correction for the parton distribution function at $\mathcal{O}(α_s^2 C_F T_F)$ within SCET. The latter contains large rapidity logarithms $\sim \ln(1-x)$ that can be summed by exponentiation. Their coefficients are universal which can be used to obtain potentially relevant higher order results for generic threshold corrections at colliders from computations in deep inelastic scattering. In particular, we extract the $\mathcal{O}(α_s^3)$ threshold correction multiplied by a single rapidity logarithm from results obtained earlier.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures, v2: added figures on the singular behavior and more detailed statements on the interpretation of the PDF in the endpoint region; corresponds to published version
Assessment of immune blood cells and serum protein levels in Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758), Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758) collected from the Thyrrenian sea coast (Italy)
Creators: name: FAZIO, Francesco
name: MARAFIOTI, Simona
name: SANFILIPPO, Marilena
name: CASELLA, Stefania
name: PICCIONE, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2016

description: Haematological and biochemical studies help in understanding the relationship of blood characteristics to the habitat adaptability of the species to the environment. The aim of this study was to compare the white blood cell (WBC), thrombocytes (TC) and serum protein levels of three fish species (Mugil cephalus, Sparus aurata and Dicentrarchus labrax, collected in the Tyrrhenian sea and to establish the similarities and differences between these species. Blood samples, taken by caudal vein of 25 specimens of each species, were collected into vacutainer tubes with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) for the determination of WBC and TC and into tubes without anticoagulant for the evaluation of serum protein profile. Statistical analysis confirmed statistical differences in immune blood cells and serum protein among the three species. Our findings show a higher number of WBC and TC in S. aurata respect to the other species that indicated fundamental defence mechanism in this fish. The differences found in serum total proteins and their fractions among the species might reflect their different nutritional status and feeding habits. These interspecies differences provide useful information that can improve the management and care of farmed fish.
Allocation of annual electricity consumption and power generation capacities across multiple voltage levels in a high spatial resolution
Creators: name: Hülk, Ludwig
name: Wienholt, Lukas
name: Cußmann, Ilka
name: Müller, Ulf Philipp
name: Matke, Carsten
name: Kötter, Editha
Publisher: name: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management
Year: 2017

description: The electrical energy system is in transition. There is continuing expansion of renewable generation, which causes a spatial and temporal shift of energy flows at different voltage levels of the power grid. On the consumption side, demand patterns are expected to change. The limited availability of data with high spatial resolution hinders independent and transparent assessments. In view of this, the research project open_eGo is developing methods focusing on electricity networks and open-science principles. In this work, electricity demand and power generation are allocated to their corresponding voltage levels and network nodes. By combining data on municipal boundaries with Voronoi cells we created catchment areas for each substation. On the demand side, OpenStreetMap data is used for mapping different demand sectors. We show that a consistent data set can be produced in a high spatial resolution using geographical data processing. Our results apply to Germany but the methodology can be adopted to other countries or regions where sufficient open data is available.
description: International Journal of Sustainable Energy Planning and Management, Vol 13 (2017)
A Model for Oligomeric Regulation of APOBEC3G Cytosine Deaminase-dependent Restriction of HIV
Creators: name: Erie, Dorothy A.
name: Goodman, Myron F.
name: Sacho, Elizabeth J.
name: Chelico, Linda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: APOBEC3G (A3G) restricts HIV-1 infection by catalyzing processive C → U deaminations on single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) with marked 3′ → 5′ deamination polarity. Here we show that A3G exists in oligomeric states whose composition is dictated primarily by interactions with DNA, with salt playing an important, yet secondary, role. Directional deaminations correlate with the presence of dimers, tetramers, and larger oligomers observed by atomic force microscopy, and random deaminations appear to correlate mainly with monomers. The presence of a 30-nt weakly deaminated “dead” zone located at the 3′-ssDNA end implies the presence of a preferred asymmetric direction for A3G catalysis. Single turnover reaction rates reveal a salt-dependent inhibition of C deamination toward the 3′-ssDNA region, offering a molecular basis underlying A3G deamination polarity. Presteady state analysis demonstrates rapid diffusion-limited A3G-ssDNA binding, a slower salt-dependent conformational change, possibly indicative of DNA wrapping, and long (5–15 min) protein-DNA complex lifetimes. We suggest that diverse A3G oligomerization modes contribute to the human immunodeficiency virus, type 1, proviral DNA mutational bias.
(4054) Agnes Allan
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.