cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Predictive Control Barrier Functions for Online Safety Critical Control
Creators: name: Breeden, Joseph
name: Panagou, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a methodology for constructing Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) that proactively consider the future safety of a system along a nominal trajectory, and effect corrective action before the trajectory leaves a designated safe set. Specifically, this paper presents a systematic approach for propagating a nominal trajectory on a receding horizon, and then encoding the future safety of this trajectory into a CBF. If the propagated trajectory is unsafe, then a controller satisfying the CBF condition will modify the nominal trajectory before the trajectory becomes unsafe. Compared to existing CBF techniques, this strategy is proactive rather than reactive and thus potentially results in smaller modifications to the nominal trajectory. The proposed strategy is shown to be provably safe, and then is demonstrated in simulated scenarios where it would otherwise be difficult to construct a traditional CBF. In simulation, the predictive CBF results in less modification to the nominal trajectory and smaller control inputs than a traditional CBF, and faster computations than a nonlinear model predictive control approach.
description: 9 pages, presented at 61st IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, includes additional commentary and a more detailed proof of Lemma 3
Notes on definably complete locally o-minimal expansions of ordered groups
Creators: name: Fujita, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03C64

description: We study definably complete locally o-minimal expansions of ordered groups in this paper. A definable continuous function defined on a closed, bounded and definable set behave like a continuous function on a compact set. We demonstrate uniform continuity of a definable continuous function on a closed, bounded and definable set and Arzela-Ascoli-type theorem. We propose a notion of special submanifolds with tubular neighborhoods and show that any definable set is decomposed into finitely many special submanifolds with tubular neighborhoods.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2010.02420
Thinking Innovatively about Teaching Innovation And Ideation: Getting Students to Think Differently
Creators: name: Celuch, Kevin
name: Bourdeau, Bryan
name: Smothers, Jack
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: innovation
subject: ideation
subject: teaching
subject: entrepreneurial cognition

description: This paper describes a template for innovation/ideation exercises that integrates thinking from the entrepreneurial cognition literature with practical course design elements to systematically develop individuals’ ideation capabilities. The proposed approach is appropriate for individuals teaching or facilitating in contexts aiming for breakthrough ideation in business, healthcare, computer-science, and public-administration products and services. The approach is driven by a need within industry and academe for curricula that develop and promote understanding of innovation processes, particularly regarding an entrepreneurial mindset. Included are an industry review and academic perspectives; proposed innovation phases and associated rationales; pre and posttest beliefs, efficacy, and ideation outputs used for initial assessment; and brief discussion on the challenges and value-add of the proposed innovation.
Mathematical Formulation of Multi-Layer Networks
Creators: name: De Domenico, Manlio
name: Solè-Ribalta, Albert
name: Cozzo, Emanuele
name: Kivelä, Mikko
name: Moreno, Yamir
name: Porter, Mason A.
name: Gòmez, Sergio
name: Arenas, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A network representation is useful for describing the structure of a large variety of complex systems. However, most real and engineered systems have multiple subsystems and layers of connectivity, and the data produced by such systems is very rich. Achieving a deep understanding of such systems necessitates generalizing "traditional" network theory, and the newfound deluge of data now makes it possible to test increasingly general frameworks for the study of networks. In particular, although adjacency matrices are useful to describe traditional single-layer networks, such a representation is insufficient for the analysis and description of multiplex and time-dependent networks. One must therefore develop a more general mathematical framework to cope with the challenges posed by multi-layer complex systems. In this paper, we introduce a tensorial framework to study multi-layer networks, and we discuss the generalization of several important network descriptors and dynamical processes --including degree centrality, clustering coefficients, eigenvector centrality, modularity, Von Neumann entropy, and diffusion-- for this framework. We examine the impact of different choices in constructing these generalizations, and we illustrate how to obtain known results for the special cases of single-layer and multiplex networks. Our tensorial approach will be helpful for tackling pressing problems in multi-layer complex systems, such as inferring who is influencing whom (and by which media) in multichannel social networks and developing routing techniques for multimodal transportation systems.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
A valence bond liquid on the honeycomb lattice
Creators: name: Kimber, Simon A. J.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Shen, Juan
name: Jeschke, Harald O.
name: Streltsov, Sergey V.
name: Argyriou, Dimitri N.
name: Valenti, Roser
name: Khomskii, Daniel I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The honeycomb lattice material Li2RuO3 undergoes a dimerization of Ru4+ cations on cooling below 270C, where the magnetic susceptibility vanishes. We use density functional theory calculations to show that this reflects the formation of a 'valence bond crystal', with a strong bond disproportionation. On warming, x-ray diffraction shows that discrete three-fold symmetry is regained on average, and the dimerization apparently disappears. In contrast, local structural measurements using high-energy x-rays, show that disordered dimers survive at the nanoscale up to at least 650C. The high temperature phase of Li2RuO3 is thus an example of a valence bond liquid, where thermal fluctuations drive resonance between different dimer coverages, a classic analogue of the resonating valence bond state often discussed in connection with high T$_c$ cuprates.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, References corrected
Epixerus ebii
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Epixerus
Epixerus ebii

description: Epixerus ebii (Temminck, 1853). Esquisses Zool. sur la Côte de Guine, p. 129. TYPE LOCALITY: Ghana, "...les grandes forêts de la Guiné, et se trouve dans les mêmes localités que l'espèce précédente, [...les confins du pays des Fantes...] mais parait être moins abondante dans les parties boisées de Dabocrom." DISTRIBUTION: Sierra Leone, Liberia, Ivory Coast, Ghana. STATUS: CITES - Appendix III (Ghana). SYNONYMS: jonesi Hayman, 1954. COMMENTS: E. ebii and E. wilsoni considered distinct species on the basis of cranial differences cited by Perret and Aellen (1956), Verheyen (1959), and Rosevear (1969).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 425, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Perret, J. - L., and V. Aellen. 1956. Mammiferes du Cameroun de la collection J. - L. Perret. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 63 (26): 395 - 450.", "Verheyen, W. N. 1959. Un genre de Sciuride nouveau pour la Faune du Congo belge: Epixerus Thomas 1909. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 40: 301 - 306.", "Rosevear, D. R. 1969. The rodents of West Africa. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 677: 1 - 604."]}
Shifted Substitution in Non-Commutative Multivariate Power Series with a View Toward Free Probability
Creators: name: Ebrahimi-Fard, Kurusch
name: Patras, Frédéric
name: Tapia, Nikolas
name: Zambotti, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16T05, 16T10, 16T30, 17A30, 46L53, 46L54

description: We study a particular group law on formal power series in non-commuting variables induced by their interpretation as linear forms on a suitable graded connected word Hopf algebra. This group law is left-linear and is therefore associated to a pre-Lie structure on formal power series. We study these structures and show how they can be used to recast in a group theoretic form various identities and transformations on formal power series that have been central in the context of non-commutative probability theory, in particular in Voiculescu's theory of free probability.
Impact of baryonic streaming velocities on the formation of supermassive black holes via direct collapse
Creators: name: Latif, M. A.
name: Niemeyer, J. C.
name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Baryonic streaming motions produced prior to the epoch of recombination became supersonic during the cosmic dark ages. Various studies suggest that such streaming velocities change the halo statistics and also influence the formation of Population III stars. In this study, we aim to explore the impact of streaming velocities on the formation of supermassive black holes at $z>10$ via the direct collapse scenario. To accomplish this goal, we perform cosmological large eddy simulations for two halos of a few times $\rm 10^{7} M_{\odot}$ with initial streaming velocities of 3, 6 and 9 $\rm km/s$. These massive primordial halos illuminated by the strong Lyman Werner flux are the potential cradles for the formation of direct collapse seed black holes. To study the evolution for longer times, we employ sink particles and track the accretion for 10,000 years. Our findings show that higher streaming velocities increase the circular velocities from about 14 $\rm km/s$ to 16 $\rm km/s$. They also delay the collapse of halos for a few million years, but do not have any significant impact on the halo properties such as turbulent energy, radial velocity, density and accretion rates. Sink particles of about $\rm \sim 10^5 M_{\odot}$ are formed at the end of our simulations and no clear distribution of sink masses is observed in the presence of streaming motions. It is further found that the impact of streaming velocities is less severe in massive halos compared to the minihalos as reported in the previous studies.
description: Matches the accepted vesion, to be appeared MNRAS
Epixerus wilsoni
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Epixerus
Epixerus wilsoni

description: Epixerus wilsoni (Du Chaillu, 1860). Proc. Boston Soc. Nat. Hist., 7:364. TYPE LOCALITY: Gabon. "Gaboon,... the headwaters of the Ovenga River." DISTRIBUTION: Cameroon, Rio Muni, Gabon. SYNONYMS: mayumbicus Verheyen, 1959. COMMENTS: E. ebii and E. wilsoni considered distinct species on the basis of cranial differences cited by Perret and Aellen (1956), Verheyen (1959) and Rosevear (1969). Amtmann (1975) included E. wilsoni with E. ebii .
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on pages 425-426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Verheyen, W. N. 1959. Un genre de Sciuride nouveau pour la Faune du Congo belge: Epixerus Thomas 1909. Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 40: 301 - 306.", "Perret, J. - L., and V. Aellen. 1956. Mammiferes du Cameroun de la collection J. - L. Perret. Revue Suisse de Zoologie, 63 (26): 395 - 450.", "Rosevear, D. R. 1969. The rodents of West Africa. Trustees of the British Museum (Natural History), London, 677: 1 - 604.", "Amtmann, E. 1975. Family Sciuridae. Part 6. 1. Pp. 1 - 12, in The mammals of Africa: An identification manual (J. Meester and H. W. Setzer, eds.) [issued 10 Dec 1975]. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., not continuously paginated."]}
Assessing Demographic Bias Transfer from Dataset to Model: A Case Study in Facial Expression Recognition
Creators: name: Dominguez-Catena, Iris
name: Paternain, Daniel
name: Galar, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The increasing amount of applications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) has led researchers to study the social impact of these technologies and evaluate their fairness. Unfortunately, current fairness metrics are hard to apply in multi-class multi-demographic classification problems, such as Facial Expression Recognition (FER). We propose a new set of metrics to approach these problems. Of the three metrics proposed, two focus on the representational and stereotypical bias of the dataset, and the third one on the residual bias of the trained model. These metrics combined can potentially be used to study and compare diverse bias mitigation methods. We demonstrate the usefulness of the metrics by applying them to a FER problem based on the popular Affectnet dataset. Like many other datasets for FER, Affectnet is a large Internet-sourced dataset with 291,651 labeled images. Obtaining images from the Internet raises some concerns over the fairness of any system trained on this data and its ability to generalize properly to diverse populations. We first analyze the dataset and some variants, finding substantial racial bias and gender stereotypes. We then extract several subsets with different demographic properties and train a model on each one, observing the amount of residual bias in the different setups. We also provide a second analysis on a different dataset, FER+.
description: 8 pages excluding appendices, 8 figures
Geographical Patterns of Civilian Targeting in North and West Africa.
Creators: name: Secades, Jorge
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Civilian Targeting
subject: North and West Africa
subject: Desert Paradox
subject: Geography
subject: Urbanization rate
subject: Maritime African Capitals
subject: Landlocked African Capitals

description: This thesis examines how civilian targeting is affected by urbanization, geography (maritime capitals versus landlocked), rough terrain and allocation of resources in the capitals of North and West Africa. The purpose is to answer questions like: is there a correlation between less urbanized countries and a safer capital? Does at least 25% of the civilian targeting occur in countries that are more than 50% urbanized? Does most of the civilian targeting occur within 25 miles from urban centers? Do maritime capitals in North and West Africa experience more civilian targeting? The thesis starts by collecting the urbanization rates for countries in North and West Africa, a total of 20 countries, and follows by analyzing the location of the civilian targeting in the period between 2000-2022 and thus coding the results either as rural or urban and the latter ones if located in the capital or not. Combining the last two outcomes, civilian targeting in the capital and the country’s rate of urbanization, the paper found that in North and West African countries the lower the urbanization rate, the less civilian targeting that the capital experiences. Surprisingly, during this study, we discovered as well that civilian targeting was more frequent in maritime African capitals than landlocked capitals. As a result of this finding, the thesis investigated three additional landlocked countries (Burundi, Central African Republic and Ethiopia) to contrast our results. Unfortunately, these results fail to provide us a meaningful answer since some landlocked African capitals outside West Africa were safe while others experienced high civilian targeting. Therefore, there must be another reason why some low urbanized and landlocked countries experience less civilian victimization in the capital. At this point, we investigated the location of natural resources as a potential explanation for the civilian targeting patters in West Africa. Our results showed that landlocked countries in the Sahel with low urbanization rates and scattered natural resources far from the capital experience significantly less civilian targeting in their capitals compared to other African countries that do not meet these three criteria. Finally, the paper unearthed the “Desert Paradox”, Landlocked countries in Africa with vast amounts of desert within their borders tend to have jihadist groups that operate in the rural areas and near the natural resources. This creates an environment where the African capitals of landlocked, low urbanized countries with vast amounts of desert within their border, have the safest capitals in Africa.
Parallel tomography of quantum non-demolition measurements in multi-qubit devices
Creators: name: Pereira, L.
name: García-Ripoll, J. J.
name: Ramos, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An efficient characterization of QND measurements is an important ingredient towards certifying and improving the performance and scalability of quantum processors. In this work, we introduce a parallel tomography of QND measurements that addresses single- and two-qubit readout on a multi-qubit quantum processor. We provide an experimental demonstration of the tomographic protocol on a 7-qubit IBM-Q device, characterizing the quality of conventional qubit readout as well as generalized measurements such as parity or measurement-and-reset schemes. Our protocol reconstructs the Choi matrices of the measurement processes, extracts relevant quantifiers -- fidelity, QND-ness, destructiveness -- and identifies sources of errors that limit the performance of the device for repeated QND measurements. We also show how to quantify measurement cross-talk and use it to certify the quality of simultaneous readout on multiple qubits.
Exilisciurus Moore 1958
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Exilisciurus

description: Exilisciurus Moore, 1958. Am. Mus. Novit., 1914:4. TYPE SPECIES: Sciurus exilis Müller, 1838. COMMENTS: Tribe Callosciurini (Moore, 1959). The species included in Exilisciurus were formerly included in Nannosciurus; see Moore (1958, 1959) and Heaney (1985).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Moore, J. C. 1959. Relationships among the living squirrels of the Sciurinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 118 (4): 157 - 206.", "Moore, J. C. 1958. New genera of East Indian squirrels. American Museum Novitates, 1914: 1 - 5."]}
On the Cause of Supra-Arcade Downflows in Solar Flares
Creators: name: Cassak, P. A.
name: Drake, J. F.
name: Gosling, J. T.
name: Phan, T. -D.
name: Shay, M. A.
name: Shepherd, L. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of supra-arcade downflows (SADs), dark low density regions also known as tadpoles that propagate sunward during solar flares, is presented. It is argued that the regions of low density are flow channels carved by sunward-directed outflow jets from reconnection. The solar corona is stratified, so the flare site is populated by a lower density plasma than that in the underlying arcade. As the jets penetrate the arcade, they carve out regions of depleted plasma density which appear as SADs. The present interpretation differs from previous models in that reconnection is localized in space but not in time. Reconnection is continuous in time to explain why SADs are not filled in from behind as they would if they were caused by isolated descending flux tubes or the wakes behind them due to temporally bursty reconnection. Reconnection is localized in space because outflow jets in standard two-dimensional reconnection models expand in the normal (inflow) direction with distance from the reconnection site, which would not produce thin SADs as seen in observations. On the contrary, outflow jets in spatially localized three-dimensional reconnection with an out-of-plane (guide) magnetic field expand primarily in the out-of-plane direction and remain collimated in the normal direction, which is consistent with observed SADs being thin. Two-dimensional proof-of-principle simulations of reconnection with an out-of-plane (guide) magnetic field confirm the creation of SAD-like depletion regions and the necessity of density stratification. Three-dimensional simulations confirm that localized reconnection remains collimated.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, accepted to Astrophysical Journal Letters in August, 2013. This version is the accepted version
Measuring the distortion of time with relativistic effects in large-scale structure
Creators: name: Sobral-Blanco, Daniel
name: Bonvin, Camille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To test the theory of gravity one needs to test, on one hand, how space and time are distorted by matter and, on the other hand, how matter moves in a distorted space-time. Current observations provide tight constraints on the motion of matter, through the so-called redshift-space distortions, but they only provide a measurement of the sum of the spatial and temporal distortions, via gravitational lensing. In this Letter, we develop a method to measure the time distortion on its own. We show that the coming generation of galaxy surveys, like the Square Kilometer Array, will allow us to measure the distortion of time with an accuracy of 10-30%. Such a measurement will be essential to test deviations from the $Λ$CDM model in a fully model-independent way. In particular, it can be used to compare the spatial and temporal distortions of space-time and to unambiguously distinguish between modifications of gravity and dark fifth forces acting on dark matter.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables. V2 matches the published version
Optimal Branch Exchange for Distribution System Reconfiguration
Creators: name: Peng, Qiuyu
name: Low, Steven H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The feeder reconfiguration problem chooses the on/off status of the switches in a distribution network in order to minimize a certain cost such as power loss. It is a mixed integer nonlinear program and hence hard to solve. A popular heuristic search consists of repeated application of branch exchange, where some loads are transferred from one feeder to another feeder while maintaining the radial structure of the network, until no load transfer can further reduce the cost. Optimizing each branch exchange step is itself a mixed integer nonlinear program. In this paper we propose an efficient algorithm for optimizing a branch exchange step. It uses an AC power flow model and is based on the recently developed convex relaxation of optimal power flow. We provide a bound on the gap between the optimal cost and that of our solution. We prove that our algorithm is optimal when the voltage magnitudes are the same at all buses. We illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithm through the simulation of real- world distribution feeders.
description: 12 pages
Exilisciurus concinnus
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Exilisciurus
Exilisciurus concinnus

description: Exilisciurus concinnus (Thomas, 1888). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 6, 2:407. TYPE LOCALITY: Philippines, Zamboanga Prov., Basilan Island, Isabela. DISTRIBUTION: Mindanao faunal region (Heaney et al., 1987) including Mindanao, Basilan, Biliran, Bohol, Dinagat, Leyte, Samar, and Siargao islands (Heaney, 1985). SYNONYMS: luncefordi Taylor, 1934; samaricus Thomas, 1897; surrutilus Hollister, 1913. COMMENTS: Revised by Heaney (1985).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Heaney, L. R., P. C. Gonzales, and A. C. Acala. 1987. An annotated checklist of the taxonomic and conservation status of land mammals in the Philippines. Silliman Journal, 34: 32 - 66.", "Taylor, E. H. 1934. Philippine land mammals. Monograph of the Bureau of Science (Manila), 30: 1 - 548."]}
Noncommutative polynomials nonnegative on a variety intersect a convex set
Creators: name: Helton, J. William
name: Klep, Igor
name: Nelson, Christopher S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 13J30, 14A22, 46L07, Secondary: 16S10, 47Lxx, 16Z05, 90C22

description: By a result of Helton and McCullough, open bounded convex free semialgebraic sets are exactly open (matricial) solution sets D_L of a linear matrix inequality (LMI) L(X)>0. This paper gives a precise algebraic certificate for a polynomial being nonnegative on a convex semialgebraic set intersect a variety, a so-called "Perfect" Positivstellensatz. For example, given a generic convex free semialgebraic set D_L we determine all "(strong sense) defining polynomials" p for D_L. This follows from our general result for a given linear pencil L and a finite set I of rows of polynomials. A matrix polynomial p is positive where L is positive and I vanishes if and only if p has a weighted sum of squares representation module the "L-real radical" of I. In such a representation the degrees of the polynomials appearing depend in a very tame way only on the degree of p and the degrees of the elements of I. Further, this paper gives an efficient algorithm for computing the L-real radical of I. Our Positivstellensatz has a number of additional consequences which are presented.
description: 69 pages, includes a table of contents
Multiview Textured Mesh Recovery by Differentiable Rendering
Creators: name: Lin, Lixiang
name: Zhu, Jianke
name: Zhang, Yisu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Although having achieved the promising results on shape and color recovery through self-supervision, the multi-layer perceptrons-based methods usually suffer from heavy computational cost on learning the deep implicit surface representation. Since rendering each pixel requires a forward network inference, it is very computational intensive to synthesize a whole image. To tackle these challenges, we propose an effective coarse-to-fine approach to recover the textured mesh from multi-views in this paper. Specifically, a differentiable Poisson Solver is employed to represent the object's shape, which is able to produce topology-agnostic and watertight surfaces. To account for depth information, we optimize the shape geometry by minimizing the differences between the rendered mesh and the predicted depth from multi-view stereo. In contrast to the implicit neural representation on shape and color, we introduce a physically based inverse rendering scheme to jointly estimate the environment lighting and object's reflectance, which is able to render the high resolution image at real-time. The texture of the reconstructed mesh is interpolated from a learnable dense texture grid. We have conducted the extensive experiments on several multi-view stereo datasets, whose promising results demonstrate the efficacy of our proposed approach. The code is available at https://github.com/l1346792580123/diff.
Exilisciurus exilis
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Exilisciurus
Exilisciurus exilis

description: Exilisciurus exilis (Müller, 1838). Tijdschr. Nat. Gesch. Physiol., 5:138. TYPE LOCALITY: Indonesia, Kalimantan, Kapuas River Basin, Tanah Laut (see Medway, 1977, and Heaney, 1985). DISTRIBUTION: Borneo and Banggi Island. SYNONYMS: retectus Thomas, 1910; sordidus Chasen and Kloss, 1928.
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Medway, L. 1977. Mammals of Borneo: Field keys and an annotated checklist. Second ed. Monograph, Malay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 7: 1 - 172."]}
Modified Lévy Laplacian on manifold and Yang-Mills instantons
Creators: name: Volkov, Boris O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 70S15, 58B20, 58J35, 53C07

description: An infinite dimensional Laplacian defined as the Cesáro mean of the second order directional derivatives on manifold is considered. This Laplacian is parameterized by the choice of a curve in the group of orthogonal rotations. It is shown that, under certain conditions on the curve, this operator is related to instantons on a 4-dimensional manifold.
description: 14 pages, name changed, typos corrected
Local mechanical properties of electrospun fibers correlate to their internal nanostructure
Creators: name: Camposeo, Andrea
name: Greenfeld, Israel
name: Tantussi, Francesco
name: Pagliara, Stefano
name: Moffa, Maria
name: Fuso, Francesco
name: Allegrini, Maria
name: Zussman, Eyal
name: Pisignano, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of polymeric nanofibers can be tailored and enhanced by properly managing the structure of the polymeric molecules at the nanoscale. Although electrospun polymer fibers are increasingly exploited in many technological applications, their internal nanostructure, determining their improved physical properties, is still poorly investigated and understood. Here, we unravel the internal structure of electrospun functional nanofibers made by prototype conjugated polymers. The unique features of near field optical measurements are exploited to investigate the nanoscale spatial variation of the polymer density, evidencing the presence of a dense internal core embedded in a less dense polymeric shell. Interestingly, nanoscale mapping the fiber Young's modulus demonstrates that the dense core is stiffer than the polymeric, less dense shell. These findings are rationalized by developing a theoretical modeling and simulations of the polymer molecular structural evolution during the electrospinning process. This model predicts that the stretching of the polymer network induces a contraction towards the jet center of the network with a local increase of the polymer density, as observed in the solid structure. The found complex internal structure opens interesting perspective for improving and tailoring the molecular morphology and multifunctional electronic and optical properties of polymer fibers.
description: 33 pages, 9 figures
Defect bulk-boundary correspondence of topological skyrmion phases of matter
Creators: name: Liu, Shu-Wei
name: Shi, Li-kun
name: Cook, Ashley M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unpaired Majorana zero-modes are central to topological quantum computation schemes as building blocks of topological qubits, and are therefore under intense experimental and theoretical investigation. Their generalizations to parafermions and Fibonacci anyons are also of great interest, in particular for universal quantum computation schemes. In this work, we find a different generalization of Majorana zero-modes in effectively non-interacting systems, which are zero-energy bound states that exhibit a cross structure -- two straight, perpendicular lines in the complex plane -- composed of the complex number entries of the zero-mode wavefunction on a lattice, rather than a single straight line formed by complex number entries of the wavefunction on a lattice as in the case of an unpaired Majorana zero-mode. These cross zero-modes are realized for topological skyrmion phases under certain open boundary conditions when their characteristic momentum-space spin textures trap topological defects. They therefore serve as a second type of bulk-boundary correspondence for the topological skyrmion phases. In the process of characterizing this defect bulk-boundary correspondence, we develop recipes for constructing physically-relevant model Hamiltonians for topological skyrmion phases, efficient methods for computing the skyrmion number, and introduce three-dimensional topological skyrmion phases into the literature.
description: 16 pages and 13 figures in main text, 15 pages and 1 figure in the supplementary materials
Exilisciurus whiteheadi
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Exilisciurus
Exilisciurus whiteheadi

description: Exilisciurus whiteheadi (Thomas, 1887). Ann. Mag. Nat. Hist., ser. 5, 20:127. TYPE LOCALITY: Malaysia, Sabah, Mt. Kinabalu. DISTRIBUTION: Mountains of Sabah and Sarawak (Malaysia), above 900 m, and adjacent parts of West Kalimantan, Indonesia (Medway, 1977).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Medway, L. 1977. Mammals of Borneo: Field keys and an annotated checklist. Second ed. Monograph, Malay Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 7: 1 - 172."]}
Multiprobe quantum spin Hall bars
Creators: name: Narayan, Awadhesh
name: Sanvito, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze electron transport in multiprobe quantum spin Hall (QSH) bars using the Büttiker formalism and draw parallels with their quantum Hall (QH) counterparts. We find that in a QSH bar the measured resistance changes upon introducing side voltage probes, in contrast to the QH case. We also study four- and six-terminal geometries and derive the expressions for the resistances. For these our analysis is generalized from the single-channel to the multi-channel case and to the inclusion of backscattering originating from a constriction placed within the bar.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Spectral Metric and Einstein Functionals
Creators: name: Dąbrowski, Ludwik
name: Sitarz, Andrzej
name: Zalecki, Paweł
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58G25, 35P05, 58B34

description: We define bilinear functionals of vector fields and differential forms, the densities of which yield the metric and Einstein tensors on even-dimensional Riemannian manifolds. We generalise these concepts in non-commutative geometry and, in particular, we prove that for the conformally rescaled geometry of the noncommutative two-torus the Einstein functional vanishes.
description: Final version, typos corrected
Growing bamboo: A case study of Alberta We//net
Creators: Thornley, Richard
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2002

This thesis presents the results of a case study of Alberta We//net, a provincial health information system launched in 1996. The study was conducted using semi-structured interviews of elite individuals engaged with We//net, and reviews of We//net documentation and the related health informatics literature. The study focused on the influence of social and political factors on stakeholder reactions to the implementation of We//net. Multiple factors were identified and these are discussed. The study concludes that a number of the factors and issues identified in the We//net case are not unique to developing health infostructures, although some of the are perhaps specific to health programs. Future avenues for research are suggested.
A Diagrammatic Kinetic Theory of Density Fluctuations in Simple Liquids in the Overdamped Limit. I. A Long Time Scale Theory for High Density
Creators: name: Pilkiewicz, Kevin R.
name: Andersen, Hans C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting with a formally exact diagrammatic kinetic theory for the equilibrium correlation functions of particle density and current fluctuations for a monatomic liquid, we develop a theory for high density liquids whose interatomic potential has a strongly repulsive short ranged part. We assume that interparticle collisions via this short ranged part of the potential are sufficient to randomize the velocities of the particles on a very small time scale compared with the fundamental time scale defined as the particle diameter divided by the mean thermal velocity. When this is the case, the graphical theory suggests that both the particle current correlation functions and the memory function of the particle density correlation function evolve on two distinct time scales, the very short time scale just mentioned and another that is much longer than the fundamental time scale. The diagrams that describe the motion on each of these time scales are identified. When the two time scales are very different, a dramatic simplification of the diagrammatic theory at long times takes place. We identify an irreducible memory function and a more basic function, which we call the irreducible memory kernel. This latter function evolves on the longer time scale only and determines the time dependence of the density and current correlation functions of interest at long times. In the following paper, a simple one-loop approximation for the irreducible memory kernel is used to calculate correlation functions for a Lennard-Jones fluid at high density and a variety of temperatures.
Accurate wavelength tracking by exciton spin mixing
Creators: name: Kirch, Anton
name: Bärschneider, Toni
name: Achenbach, Tim
name: Fries, Felix
name: Gmelch, Max
name: Werberger, Robert
name: Guhrenz, Chris
name: Tomkevičienė, Aušra
name: Benduhn, Johannes
name: Eychmüller, Alexander
name: Leo, Karl
name: Reineke, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wavelength discriminating systems typically consist of heavy benchtop-based instruments, comprising diffractive optics, moving parts, and adjacent detectors. For simple wavelengths measurements, such as lab-on-chip light source calibration or laser wavelength tracking, which do not require polychromatic analysis and cannot handle bulky spectroscopy instruments, light-weight, easy-to-process, and flexible single-pixel devices are attracting increasing attention. Here, we propose a device for wavelength tracking with room-temperature phosphorescence at the heart of its functionality that demonstrates a resolution down to one nanometer and below. It is solution-processed from a single host-guest system comprising organic room-temperature phosphors and colloidal quantum dots. The share of excited triplet states within the photoluminescent layer is dependent on the excitation wavelength and determines the afterglow intensity of the film, which is tracked by a simple photodetector. Finally, an all-organic thin-film wavelength sensor and two applications are demonstrated where our novel measurement concept successfully replaces a full spectrometer.
Unveiling Gender Gaps and Attitudes in the Kitchen: Leveraging GPT Technology for Language Content Analysis on Food.com
Creators: name: Ni, Shengwenxin
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023

description: As I helped my fourth-grade sister with her homework, I came across a question that asked her to complete the sentence "Mom is cooking in the kitchen, she...". This anecdote led me to ponder the well-established roles of women, particularly mothers and grandmothers, in the kitchen throughout history. To delve deeper into this topic, this research paper utilizes language content from the food.com website, an online community that shares recipes and cooking experiences, to substantiate the gender gaps in the kitchen. Specifically, the study investigates whether women cook more than men and the attitudes of food-makers and food-eaters. To analyze the collected data, two approaches are employed: the first attempt utilizes supervised machine learning for gender identification, but unfortunately does not yield satisfactory results. However, the second attempt utilizing the successful GPT response generation technique proves significantly more effective. Subsequently, sentiment analysis is conducted using traditional natural language processing methods. The findings of this analysis reveal that the conventional societal pattern of "women as food-makers and men as food-eaters" continues to persist in the modern era. Furthermore, both food-makers and food-consumers exhibit positive attitudes towards food; however, food-makers tend to emphasize qualities related to the culinary experience, as well as the sense of accomplishment and satisfaction derived from cooking, while food-consumers place greater value on the emotional aspects of feeling loved and cared for through food. Moreover, this study demonstrates the feasibility of incorporating GPT technology within the realm of big data social science research, despite encountering substantial difficulties and challenges along the way. As the field of AI continues to advance, with the generation of increasingly accurate responses and cleaner formatting, it is anticipated that such technology will prove to be a valuable asset in future research endeavors.
Funambulus Lesson 1835
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Funambulus

description: Funambulus Lesson, 1835. Illustr. Zool., pl. 43. TYPE SPECIES: Sciurus indicus Lesson, 1835 (= Sciurus palmarum Linnaeus, 1776). SYNONYMS: Paimista Gray, 1867; Prasadsciurus Moore and Tate, 1965; Tamiodes Pocock, 1923. COMMENTS: Tribe Funambulini (Moore, 1959:170). Reviewed by Moore (1960) and Moore and Tate (1965). Includes Funambulus and Prasadsciurus as subgenera. Prasad (1957) proposed a separate subfamily for the genus, based on the distinctive anatomy of the male reproductive tract. Trends in evolution of karyotypes analyzed by Aswathanarayana (1987).
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 426, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Moore, J. C., and G. H. H. Tate. 1965. A study of the diurnal squirrels, Sciurinae, of the Indian and Indochinese subregions. Fieldiana: Zoology, 48: 1 - 351.", "Pocock, R. I. 1923. The classification of Sciuridae. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1923 (1): 209 - 246.", "Moore, J. C. 1959. Relationships among the living squirrels of the Sciurinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 118 (4): 157 - 206.", "Moore, J. C. 1960. Squirrel geography of the Indian subregion. Systematic Zoology, 9: 1 - 17.", "Prasad, M. R. N. 1957. Male genital tract of the Indian and Ceylonese palm squirrels and its bearing on the systematics of the Sciuridae. Acta Zoologica, 38: 1 - 26.", "Aswathanarayana, N. V. 1987. Evolutionary trends in the genus Funabulus (Rodentia- - Sciuridae). Current Science (Bangalore), 56 (24): 1298 - 1301."]}
Predictions for the relation between strong HI absorbers and galaxies at redshift 3
Creators: name: Rahmati, Alireza
name: Schaye, Joop
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine cosmological, hydrodynamical simulations with accurate radiative transfer corrections to investigate the relation between strong HI absorbers (N_HI >~ 10^17 /cm^2) and galaxies at redshift z = 3. We find a strong anti-correlation between the column density and the impact parameter that connects the absorber to the nearest galaxy. The median impact parameters for Lyman Limit (LL) and Damped Lyman-α (DLA) systems are ~10 and ~1 proper kpc, respectively. If normalized to the size of the halo of the nearest central galaxy, the median impact parameters for LL and DLA systems become ~1 and ~10^-1 virial radii, respectively. At a given HI column density, the impact parameter increases with the mass of the closest galaxy, in agreement with observations. We predict most strong HI absorbers to be most closely associated with extremely low-mass galaxies, M_star < 10^8 M_sun and star formation rate <10^-1 M_sun/yr. We also find a correlation between the column density of absorbers and the mass of the nearest galaxy. This correlation is most pronounced for DLAs with N_HI > 10^21 /cm^2 which are typically close to galaxies with M_star >~ 10^9 M_sun. Similar correlations exist between column density and other properties of the associated galaxies such as their star formation rates, halo masses and HI content. The galaxies nearest to HI absorbers are typically far too faint to be detectable with current instrumentation, which is consistent with the high rate of (often unpublished) non-detections in observational searches for the galaxy counterparts of strong HI absorbers. Moreover, we predict that the detected nearby galaxies are typically not the galaxies that are most closely associated with the absorbers, thus causing the impact parameters, star formation rates and stellar masses of the observed counterparts to be biased high.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures; Accepted for publication in MNRAS