cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Modulating effects of zinc on the efficacy of tamoxifen in human breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Tsukada, Yoko Ann
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Growth can be viewed as the net balance between cell proliferation and cell death. Zinc is essential to cell proliferation and functions as a regulator in apoptosis (genedirected cell death). Thus zinc status can critically influence overall growth. We hypothesized that modulating medium zinc concentration will alter the availability of metabolically active intracellular zinc, which in turn affects the overall growth of human cancer cells. The overall objective of my thesis project was to investigate the modulating effects of zinc on the efficacy of tamoxifen in human breast cancer cells. The cells were first cultured in DMEM (Dublecco's Modified Eagle Media; 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS)) until approximately 70% confluence. Then the cells were cultured in a low zinc medium supplemented with 0, 5, 50, or 150 μmol/L zinc for 72h. Upon zinc treatment, the cells were treated with a combination of zinc and tamoxifen (0, 1, 5, or 10 μmol /L) for 2, 24, or 48 h followed by a 24 h recovery period. At the end of the recovery period, cells were assessed for overall cell growth by counting cell numbers, cell viability by using the 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay, and the profile of live cell and cell death (both necrotic and apoptotic cell death) using flow cytometry. To explore the possible mechanisms involved, the mRNA levels of targeted apoptotic regulatory proteins (p53, gadd45, Bax, and Bcl-2) were determined in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Either zinc supplementation (e.g. 150 μmol/L) or tamoxifen alone suppressed overall cell growth, but had little effect on cell survival and cell death. In contrast, a combination of zinc and tamoxifen suppressed overall cell growth, reduced cell viability and cell survival, and increased both necrotic and apoptotic cell death. In addition, a combination of zinc and tamoxifen also elevated Bax and gadd45 mRNA levels in human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells. Since Bax is a well-known pro-apoptotic protein and gadd45 is involved in both negative growth control and the induction of apoptosis, zinc and tamoxifen-induced apoptosis in the above cell line appeared to be Bax- and gadd45-dependent. Overall, these observations suggested that zinc increased the efficacy of tamoxifen as indicated by decreased overall cell growth in breast cancer cells.
Sticky islands in stochastic webs and anomalous chaotic cross-field particle transport by ExB electron drift instability
Creators: name: Mandal, D.
name: Elskens, Y.
name: Leoncini, X.
name: Lemoine, N.
name: Doveil, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ExB electron drift instability, present in many plasma devices, is an important agent in cross-field particle transport. In presence of a resulting low frequency electrostatic wave, the motion of a charged particle becomes chaotic and generates a stochastic web in phase space. We define a scaling exponent to characterise transport in phase space and we show that the transport is anomalous, of super-diffusive type. Given the values of the model parameters, the trajectories stick to different kinds of islands in phase space, and their different sticking time power-law statistics generate successive regimes of the super-diffusive transport.
description: This manuscript contains 13 Pages and 21 figures
Impact of watershed management on livelihoods: Quantification and Assessment
Creators: name: Lodha, Pradeep P.
name: Gosain, Ashvin K.
name: Lodha, Pradeep P.
name: Gosain, Ashvin K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Watershed projects in India have grown in recent years from mere technical interventions to restore degraded lands and vegetation to more specific poverty alleviation initiatives. Monitoring of such programmes is critical and existing evaluation techniques do not represent realistic scenarios. In this paper, an effort has been made to quantify the livelihoods of watershed communities by using socio-economic indicators. The analysis was performed for the villages of Dudhi micro-watershed. The socio-economic data from three PRA (participatory rural appraisal) exercises, conducted during 1995, 2002 and 2004, have been processed. The asset portfolio of the individual households has been quantified with the help of proposed indicators and all the indices have been estimated. Various interventions implemented as part of a development programme in the Dudhi micro watershed were simulated using the model ArcSWAT, including structures such and checkdams, ponds and changes in landuse/cover. Factor analysis was performed for the possible linkages between the impacts of watershed management on livelihoods. The results estimate annual watershed growth rate to be 1.2%, which is much lower than the national rural growth rate of India.
La "similarità" delle categorie merceologiche dei flussi di esportazioni e di importazioni di prodotti alimentari nell'ambito dell'Unione Europea
Creators: name: Mariani, Angela
name: Fanelli, Rosa Maria
name: Di Nocera, Angela
name: Mariani, Angela
name: Fanelli, Rosa Maria
name: Di Nocera, Angela
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008

description: L’articolo pone l’attenzione sul confronto dei flussi delle importazioni e delle esportazioni agro-industriali di Italia e Francia, due paesi mediterranei che hanno un interscambio intenso. La Francia è, infatti, il principale paese europeo fornitore dell’Italia e rappresenta il secondo mercato di sbocco per le produzioni agro-industriali italiane. Il lavoro propone due livelli di analisi. Nel primo livello si valutano, sulla base dell’elaborazione di dati EUROSTAT espressi in valori (euro), le caratteristiche dei flussi commerciali in entrata e in uscita dall’Italia e dalla Francia da e verso gli altri paesi dell’UE-27. Nel secondo livello, invece, l’idea è quella di stimare il grado di “similarità” dei beni scambiati sotto il profilo merceologico e di valutare in quale misura le relazioni tra i due partner siano improntate, da un lato, alla concorrenza, dall’altro alla complementarietà. L’analisi della similarità dal lato delle importazioni e delle esportazioni di prodotti agro-industriali scambiati dall’Italia e dalla Francia con l’area commerciale europea si basa su tre categorie di indici. La prima categoria degli indici di somiglianza e di specializzazione (saldo normalizzato, indice di somiglianza della struttura delle importazioni e delle esportazioni, indice di somiglianza dei prodotti dal lato delle importazioni e delle esportazioni) permette di esaminare il grado di “similarità”, di specializzazione e il trend evolutivo dei rapporti commerciali delle aree di scambio considerate. La seconda categoria di indici (Finger-Kreinen e Hirschmann) misura, invece, il cambiamento strutturale dei pattern commerciali, nell’intervallo temporale 1999-2006. Infine, l’ultima categoria (indice di Balassa sulle importazioni e sulle esportazioni) fornisce informazioni circa i vantaggi comparati rilevati dell’Italia e della Francia nell’interscambio con il mercato europeo.
Greening Large Language Models of Code
Creators: name: Shi, Jieke
name: Yang, Zhou
name: Kang, Hong Jin
name: Xu, Bowen
name: He, Junda
name: Lo, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Large language models of code have shown remarkable effectiveness across various software engineering tasks. Despite the availability of many cloud services built upon these powerful models, there remain several scenarios where developers cannot take full advantage of them, stemming from factors such as restricted or unreliable internet access, institutional privacy policies that prohibit external transmission of code to third-party vendors, and more. Therefore, developing a compact, efficient, and yet energy-saving model for deployment on developers' devices becomes essential.
 To this aim, we propose Avatar, a novel approach that crafts a deployable model from a large language model of code by optimizing it in terms of model size, inference latency, energy consumption, and carbon footprint while maintaining a comparable level of effectiveness. The key idea of Avatar is to formulate the optimization of language models as a multi-objective configuration tuning problem and solve it with the help of a Satisfiability Modulo Theories (SMT) solver and a tailored optimization algorithm. The SMT solver is used to form an appropriate configuration space, while the optimization algorithm identifies the Pareto-optimal set of configurations for training the optimized models using knowledge distillation. We evaluate Avatar with two popular language models of code, i.e., CodeBERT and GraphCodeBERT, on two popular tasks, i.e., vulnerability prediction and clone detection. We use Avatar to produce optimized models with a small size (3 MB), which is 160$\times$ smaller than the original large models. On the two tasks, the optimized models significantly reduce the energy consumption (up to 184$\times$ less), carbon footprint (up to 157$\times$ less), and inference latency (up to 76$\times$ faster), with only a negligible loss in effectiveness (1.67\% on average).
description: Accepted by Software Engineering in Society Track of the 46th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Software Engineering (ICSE '24)
In search of drivers for dry sanitation
Creators: name: Rautanen, Sanna-Leena
name: Viskari, Eeva-Liisa
name: Rautanen, Sanna-Leena
name: Viskari, Eeva-Liisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: There is increasing awareness and concern about water pollution and water scarcity, and sanitation has been acknowledged as a critical dimension of both. This paper summarises the findings from the 2nd International Dry Toilet Conference 2006 (DT2006), held 16-19 August, 2006, in Tampere, Finland. The main objective is to publicise a range of research and real life experiences dealing with an uncommon subject: dry sanitation (DS). It was concluded, among other things, that continued technical and institutional development is needed because DS as a decentralised option calls for innovative approaches. Dry toilets based on urine diversion were recommended also for urban areas as urine has high concentrations of both nutrients and such micro-pollutants as pharmaceuticals and oestrogens, both of which are difficult and costly to remove by conventional wastewater treatment processes. The Conference urged continued serious and systemic research, also in the real life context, and taking small but tangible and sustainable steps towards better sanitation.
Diamagnetic-like response from localised heating of a paramagnetic material
Creators: name: Mattoni, Giordano
name: Yonezawa, Shingo
name: Maeno, Yoshiteru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search of material properties out-of-equilibrium, the non-equilibrium steady states induced by electric current are an appealing research direction where unconventional states may emerge. However, the unavoidable Joule heating caused by flowing current calls for the development of new measurement protocols, with a particular attention to the physical properties of the background materials involved. Here, we demonstrate that localised heating can give rise to a large, spurious diamagnetic-like signal. This occurs due to the local reduction of the background magnetisation caused by the heated sample, provided that the background material has a Curie-like susceptibility. Our experimental results, along with numerical calculations, constitute an important building block for performing accurate magnetic measurements under the flow of electric current.
Possible Indication of Narrow Baryonic Resonances Produced in the 1720-1790 MeV Mass Region
Creators: name: Tatischeff, B.
name: Yonnet, J.
name: Boivin, M.
name: Comets, M. P.
name: Courtat, P.
name: Gacougnolle, R.
name: Bornec, Y. Le
name: Loireleux, E.
name: MacCormick, M.
name: Reide, F.
name: Willis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Signals of two narrow structures at M=1747 MeV and 1772 MeV were observed in the invariant masses M_{pX} and M_{π^{+}X} of the pp->ppX and pp->pπ^{+}X reactions respectively. Many tests were made to see if these structures could have been produced by experimental artefacts. Their small widths and the stability of the extracted masses lead us to conclude that these structures are genuine and may correspond to new exotic baryons. Several attempts to identify them, including the possible "missing baryons" approach, are discussed.
description: 17 pages including 8 figures and 3 tables. ReVtex
Open and reusable deep learning for pathology with WSInfer and QuPath
Creators: name: Kaczmarzyk, Jakub R.
name: O'Callaghan, Alan
name: Inglis, Fiona
name: Kurc, Tahsin
name: Gupta, Rajarsi
name: Bremer, Erich
name: Bankhead, Peter
name: Saltz, Joel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The field of digital pathology has seen a proliferation of deep learning models in recent years. Despite substantial progress, it remains rare for other researchers and pathologists to be able to access models published in the literature and apply them to their own images. This is due to difficulties in both sharing and running models. To address these concerns, we introduce WSInfer: a new, open-source software ecosystem designed to make deep learning for pathology more streamlined and accessible. WSInfer comprises three main elements: 1) a Python package and command line tool to efficiently apply patch-based deep learning inference to whole slide images; 2) a QuPath extension that provides an alternative inference engine through user-friendly and interactive software, and 3) a model zoo, which enables pathology models and metadata to be easily shared in a standardized form. Together, these contributions aim to encourage wider reuse, exploration, and interrogation of deep learning models for research purposes, by putting them into the hands of pathologists and eliminating a need for coding experience when accessed through QuPath. The WSInfer source code is hosted on GitHub and documentation is available at https://wsinfer.readthedocs.io.
Conservation impediments and incentives – progressing the understanding of linkages between the adoption of conservation practices and the motivational orientation of graziers in the tropical savannas
Creators: name: Gregg, Daniel
name: Greiner, Romy
name: Gregg, Daniel
name: Greiner, Romy
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Graziers
subject: goals
subject: conservation
subject: tropical savannas
subject: impediments
subject: incentives

description: The adoption of conservation practices is a complex matter – rural landholders consider a wide variety of factors and characteristics when deciding whether to adopt a conservation practice. To confound the issue, recent research has suggested that the goals of landholders affect the adoption of conservation practices by creating a subjective consideration of the relative importance of impediments and effectiveness of incentives in the adoption decision. In this research we describe an empirical link between graziers’ goals and their perceptions of the relative importance of impediments and the effectiveness of incentives in the adoption of conservation practices. The research was carried out in the tropical savannas region of Australia where pastoral production dominates the landscape and where it is of prime importance to ensure that grazing land is included in the conservation estate. The results suggest that to increase the adoption of conservation practices, schemes will have to be developed with reference to graziers subjective views on impediments and on the effectiveness of incentives.
An Evolutionary Edge of Knowing Less (or: On the "Curse" of Global Information)
Creators: name: Stark, Oded
name: Behrens, Doris A.
name: Stark, Oded
name: Behrens, Doris A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Span of interaction
subject: Span of information
subject: Imitation
subject: Social welfare

description: Consider a population of farmers who live around a lake. Each farmer engages in trade with his two adjacent neighbors. The trade is governed by a prisoner’s dilemma “rule of engagement.” A farmer’s payoff is the sum of the payoffs from the two prisoner’s dilemma games played with his two neighbors. When a farmer dies, his son takes over. The son decides whether to cooperate or defect by considering the actions taken and the payoffs received by the most prosperous members of the group comprising his own father and a set of his father’s neighbors. The size of this set, which can vary, is termed the “span of information.” It is shown that a larger span of information can be detrimental to the stable coexistence of cooperation and defection, and that in well-defined circumstances, a large span of information leads to an end of cooperation, whereas a small span does not. Conditions are outlined under which, when individuals’ optimization is based on the assessment of less information, the social outcome is better than when optimization is based on an assessment of, and a corresponding response to, more information.
IMPROVEMENT OF TEACHING METHODOLOGY OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY ON THE BASIS OF CREDIT MODULE SYSTEM (IN THE EXAMPLE OF THE DIRECTION OF TREATMENT)
Creators: name: No'monova, G.D.
name: Samatov, D.T.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This article focuses on improving the teaching methodology of clinical pharmacology based on the credit module system. It highlights the importance of enhancing the efficiency of the educational process, developing students' independent learning skills, and implementing practice-oriented teaching methods. The study analyzes innovative teaching methods using the example of the treatment direction in medicine.
The BTeV RICH Front End Electronics
Creators: name: Artuso, Marina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the design and testing of novel mixed analog and digital front end ASICs custom made for the single photon detectors considered for the BTeV RICH system. The key features are reviewed, as well as results achieved using electronics bench tests and beam studies.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, talk given at the 5th International Workshop on Ring Imaging Cherenkov Counters (RICH2004)
Skip_the_Small_Talk_supplemental.docx
Creators: name: Ozcan, Meltem
name: Bahns, Angela
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 170113 Social and Community Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Supplemental material for "Skip the Small Talk? Comparing Self-Disclosure Patterns in Early Interactions of Adult Third Culture Kids (TCKs) and Non-TCKs"
On the joint spectral radius of nonnegative matrices
Creators: name: Bui, Vuong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A18, 15A60, 65F15

description: We give an effective bound of the joint spectral radius $ρ(Σ)$ for a finite set $Σ$ of nonnegative matrices: For every $n$, \[ \sqrt[n]{\left(\frac{V}{UD}\right)^{D} \max_C \max_{i,j\in C} \max_{A_1,\dots,A_n\inΣ}(A_1\dots A_n)_{i,j}} \le ρ(Σ) \le \sqrt[n]{D \max_C \max_{i,j\in C} \max_{A_1,\dots,A_n\inΣ}(A_1\dots A_n)_{i,j}}, \] where $D\times D$ is the dimension of the matrices, $U,V$ are respectively the largest entry and the smallest entry over all the positive entries of the matrices in $Σ$, and $C$ is taken over all strongly connected components in the dependency graph. The dependency graph is a directed graph where the vertices are the dimensions and there is an edge from $i$ to $j$ if and only if $A_{i,j}\ne 0$ for some matrix $A\inΣ$. Furthermore, a bound on the norm is also given: If $ρ(Σ)>0$ then there exist a nonnegative integer $r$ and two positive numbers $α,β$ so that for every $n$, \[ αn^r{ρ(Σ)}^n \le \max_{A_1,\dots,A_n\inΣ} \|A_1\dots A_n\| \le βn^r{ρ(Σ)}^n. \] Corollaries of the approach include a simple proof for the joint spectral theorem for finite sets of nonnegative matrices and the convergence rate of some sequences. The method in use is mostly based on Fekete's lemma, for both submultiplicative and supermultiplicative sequences.
description: 9 pages, minor revision before publication
Contracts, trust and market environment in farmer-buyer relationships
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaoyong
name: Hu, Dinghuan
name: Zhang, Xiaoyong
name: Hu, Dinghuan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Key words: contract
subject: trust
subject: chain governance

description: This study identified and validated key constructs underlying supply chain management research: contract, trust and environment. In total, 22 items were retained to measure six dimensions for the three core concepts. Using data from a sample of Chinese vegetable and fruit farmers, we found empirical support for a complementary relationships between contract and trust. Moreover, our results also indicated a positive relationship between environmental uncertainty and the degree of using contracts.
Measuring Black Hole Spins through X-ray Reflection Spectroscopy and the Relativistic Precession Model: the case of XTE J1859+226
Creators: name: Mall, Gitika
name: Liu, Honghui
name: Bambi, Cosimo
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Garcia, Javier A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The development of techniques to measure accurately black hole spins is crucial to study the physics and astrophysics of these objects. X-ray reflection spectroscopy is currently the most popular method to estimate the spins of accreting black holes; so far it has provided a spin measurement of about 40 stellar-mass black holes in X-ray binaries and 40 supermassive black holes in active galactic nuclei. The relativistic precession model (RPM) is another method to measure the spins of stellar-mass black holes: it requires the measurement of the frequencies of three simultaneous quasi-periodic oscillations and can potentially provide precise estimates of the black hole mass and spin. However, the two methods do not seem to provide consistent results when applied to the same sources, which questions the reliability and accuracy of these measurements. Recently, the RPM has been applied to infer the spin of the black hole in XTE J1859+226. The authors found $a_* = 0.149 \pm 0.005$ (68% CL). There are no other spin measurements of this source. We looked for archived RXTE observations of XTE J1859+226 with blurred reflection features and found 23 spectra suitable for measuring the spin. We employed two different models with relxill and relxillD and obtained a higher spin value from all these fits. From simultaneous fitting of 7 spectra of higher quality, we found $a_* = 0.986^{+0.001}_{-0.004}$ and $a_* =0.987 \pm 0.003$ (90% CL, statistical) with relxill and relxillD, respectively. Our results confirm the discrepancy between the spin measurements inferred from the two techniques.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures. v2: refereed version
Formation of spectral triplets induced by parity deformation in a quantum dot-cavity system
Creators: name: Hurtado-Molina, Luisa M.
name: Thirumuruganandham, Saravana Prakash
name: Echeverri-Arteaga, Santiago
name: Gómez, Edgar A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we conduct an investigation on the optical emission properties of a pumped-dissipative QD-cavity system within the Lindblad master equation approach, where the cavity mode is modeled through the R-deformed realization of the Heisenberg algebra (RDHA). We found that the parity deformation parameter associated with the RDHA gives rise to a collective phenomenon by reordering the one-photon optical transitions of the system, and it is demonstrated that there are two critical values for this parameter where a new type of spectral triplet arises in the emission spectrum. Moreover, our results reveal that depending on the critical value of the deformation parameter, the spectral triplets observed in the emission spectrum exhibit signatures of the weak- and strong-coupling regimes simultaneously.
Graph Convolutional Networks for Graphs Containing Missing Features
Creators: name: Taguchi, Hibiki
name: Liu, Xin
name: Murata, Tsuyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Graph Convolutional Network (GCN) has experienced great success in graph analysis tasks. It works by smoothing the node features across the graph. The current GCN models overwhelmingly assume that the node feature information is complete. However, real-world graph data are often incomplete and containing missing features. Traditionally, people have to estimate and fill in the unknown features based on imputation techniques and then apply GCN. However, the process of feature filling and graph learning are separated, resulting in degraded and unstable performance. This problem becomes more serious when a large number of features are missing. We propose an approach that adapts GCN to graphs containing missing features. In contrast to traditional strategy, our approach integrates the processing of missing features and graph learning within the same neural network architecture. Our idea is to represent the missing data by Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM) and calculate the expected activation of neurons in the first hidden layer of GCN, while keeping the other layers of the network unchanged. This enables us to learn the GMM parameters and network weight parameters in an end-to-end manner. Notably, our approach does not increase the computational complexity of GCN and it is consistent with GCN when the features are complete. We demonstrate through extensive experiments that our approach significantly outperforms the imputation-based methods in node classification and link prediction tasks. We show that the performance of our approach for the case with a low level of missing features is even superior to GCN for the case with complete features.
QCD phase transitions in the light quark chiral limit
Creators: name: Bernhardt, Julian
name: Fischer, Christian S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the order of the QCD chiral transition in the limit of vanishing bare up/down quark masses and variations of the bare strange-quark mass $0 \le m_{\mathrm{s}} \le \infty$. In this limit and due to universality long range correlations with the quantum numbers of pseudoscalar and scalar mesons may dominate the physics. In order to study the interplay between the microscopic quark and gluon degrees of freedom and the long range correlations we extend a combination of lattice Yang--Mills theory and a (truncated) version of Dyson--Schwinger equations by also taking back-reactions of mesonic degrees of freedom into account. Both this system and the meson backcoupling approach have been studied extensively in the past but this is the first work in a full $(2 + 1)$-flavor setup. Starting from the physical point, we determine the chiral susceptibilities for decreasing up/down quark masses and find good agreement with both lattice and functional renormalization group results. We then proceed to determine the order of the chiral transition along the left-hand side of the Columbia plot, for chemical potentials in the range $-(30 \,\textrm{MeV})^2 \le μ_q^2 \le (30 \,\textrm{MeV})^2$. We find a second-order phase transition throughout and no trace of a first-order region in the $N_{f} = 3$ corner of the Columbia plot. This result remains unchanged when an additional Goldstone boson due to a restored axial $\mathrm{U_A}(1)$ is taken into account.
description: 14 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables; v3: version published in PRD; data for plots in ancillary files
Supplemental Figures from Factors that influence the caste ratio in a bacterial division of labour
Creators: name: Avitia Dominguez, Luis
name: Yu, Zhengzhou
name: Chopra, Varun
name: Viveros, Ruth Paola
name: Tschowri, Natalia
name: Merks, Roeland
name: van Dijk, Bram
name: Rozen, Daniel
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 310499
subject: Evolutionary biology not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental Figures
Economic analysis of water supply cost structure in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa
Creators: name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
name: Linz, Teresa
name: Kloos, Julia
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
name: Linz, Teresa
name: Kloos, Julia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Translog cost function
subject: Water supply
subject: Water Service Authority
subject: Middle Olifants
subject: South Africa

description: Using data gathered from the National Treasury of South Africa, we examine the structure of water supply costs and tariffs of Water Service Authorities (WSAs) in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Using the translog cost function method, the marginal cost of water supply and economies of scale are estimated. Comparison of tariffs and marginal costs show that the estimated marginal cost is higher than the actual tariff paid by consumers. This implies that WSAs in the Middle Olifants are not charging enough to recover the costs of the water services. Thus, among other things, pricing of water at its marginal cost would partly assist in solving the cost recovery problem. Raised tariffs would in turn contribute to improved efficiency of water use. As evidenced by estimation results of returns to scale (greater than one), merger of WSAs would be economically advantageous. Hence, reversing the process of transferring water services’ authority to ‘local’ municipality level and thus up-scaling WSAs into the ‘district’ municipality level is an important policy option for improving water services efficiency in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa.
Kiøbenhavns Kongelig privilegerede Adresse-Contoirs nye Kritiske Journal for Aar 1772
Creators: name: Kiøbenhavnske Adresse-Contoir
Publisher: name: Udgaaer fra Adresse-Contoiret
Year: 0

description: Fortsættelse av: Kongelig privilegerede Adresse-Contoirs Kritiske Journal om Bøger og Skrifter, 1767-1770
Backprojection for Training Feedforward Neural Networks in the Input and Feature Spaces
Creators: name: Ghojogh, Benyamin
name: Karray, Fakhri
name: Crowley, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: After the tremendous development of neural networks trained by backpropagation, it is a good time to develop other algorithms for training neural networks to gain more insights into networks. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for training feedforward neural networks which is fairly faster than backpropagation. This method is based on projection and reconstruction where, at every layer, the projected data and reconstructed labels are forced to be similar and the weights are tuned accordingly layer by layer. The proposed algorithm can be used for both input and feature spaces, named as backprojection and kernel backprojection, respectively. This algorithm gives an insight to networks with a projection-based perspective. The experiments on synthetic datasets show the effectiveness of the proposed method.
description: Accepted (to appear) in International Conference on Image Analysis and Recognition (ICIAR) 2020, Springer
Heavy Quark Analogues of the Theta and Their Excitations
Creators: name: Maltman, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predictions for the low-lying excitation spectrum of positive parity pentaquark systems containing one c or b antiquark and four light u,d quarks are obtained in the quark model picture for models with spin-dependent interactions given either by effective color magnetic (CM) exchange or effective Goldstone boson (GB) exchange. For the GB model, 4 excited states are predicted to lie within roughly the N-Delta splitting of the J=1/2 positive parity ground state while, for the CM model, 10 states are expected in the same range. Both the lowest excitation energy and the relative splittings are much smaller in the CM case. These predictions are on the same footing as those for the analogous splittings in the non-exotic baryon sector and, as such, provide a means of not only testing the models, but potentially ruling out either one, or both.
description: 11 pages, RevTeX4
Industrial Water Demand analysis in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa: The case of Mining
Creators: name: Linz, Teresa
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
name: Linz, Teresa
name: Tsegai, Daniel W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This paper seeks to determine water demand of the mining sector in the Middle Olifants sub-basin of South Africa. Despite the growing economic importance of mining in the area, only little is known about its water demand and the role of water in the mines´ extraction process. By means of econometric estimation water price elasticities as well as substitution possibilities between water and other inputs are derived to analyze the response of mines to changes in water tariffs. Using primary data, a translog cost function is estimated for five mines operating in the area. Cost share equations of each input are specified and estimated using Seemingly Unrelated Regression (SUR) method. The mean cost share of water for all five mines, with around 1%, is relatively small, reflecting the low water tariff and results show industrial water demand to be inelastic. Nevertheless, with water price elasticity values ranging from -0.77 to -0.95 for the five mines, there is a potential to influence water use patterns through higher tariffs. As mines are water intensive industries, possible water savings owing to raised water tariffs should not be neglected. Water intake is found to be a substitute for labor and capital for most of the mines, implying that capital investments in water saving technologies might be an alternative means to reduce water intake of the mining sector.
Towards Plausible Differentially Private ADMM Based Distributed Machine Learning
Creators: name: Ding, Jiahao
name: Wang, Jingyi
name: Liang, Guannan
name: Bi, Jinbo
name: Pan, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers (ADMM) and its distributed version have been widely used in machine learning. In the iterations of ADMM, model updates using local private data and model exchanges among agents impose critical privacy concerns. Despite some pioneering works to relieve such concerns, differentially private ADMM still confronts many research challenges. For example, the guarantee of differential privacy (DP) relies on the premise that the optimality of each local problem can be perfectly attained in each ADMM iteration, which may never happen in practice. The model trained by DP ADMM may have low prediction accuracy. In this paper, we address these concerns by proposing a novel (Improved) Plausible differentially Private ADMM algorithm, called PP-ADMM and IPP-ADMM. In PP-ADMM, each agent approximately solves a perturbed optimization problem that is formulated from its local private data in an iteration, and then perturbs the approximate solution with Gaussian noise to provide the DP guarantee. To further improve the model accuracy and convergence, an improved version IPP-ADMM adopts sparse vector technique (SVT) to determine if an agent should update its neighbors with the current perturbed solution. The agent calculates the difference of the current solution from that in the last iteration, and if the difference is larger than a threshold, it passes the solution to neighbors; or otherwise the solution will be discarded. Moreover, we propose to track the total privacy loss under the zero-concentrated DP (zCDP) and provide a generalization performance analysis. Experiments on real-world datasets demonstrate that under the same privacy guarantee, the proposed algorithms are superior to the state of the art in terms of model accuracy and convergence rate.
description: Comments: Accepted for publication in CIKM'20
Concerto [manuskript]
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0

description: Anonymt manuskript
description: Innledes: d2-a2 / fiss2-h2 / g2-e2-diss2-h / e2-e2 / .
description: Inneholder V Princ, V I, V I rip., V II, V II rip., Va, Cb (dubl.), Ob I, Ob II, Tr I, Tr II, Cor I, Cor II, Timp.
description: RISM A/II 34199
Novel Relaxation Techniques for Global Optimization of NLPs and MINLPs
Creators: name: Khouri, Carlos Jose Nohra
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90499 Chemical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical engineering

description: Over the last three decades rapid advances in computer technology coupled with new theoretical developments have led to significant progress in deterministic global optimization. While this progress has been considerable, this remains a relatively underdeveloped area, as there exists many classes of problems that global optimization algorithms are unable to solve to global optimality.In this thesis, we present computational methodologies aimed at improving the performance of branch-and-bound-based global optimization algorithms. To this end, we propose novel relaxation and domain partitioning strategies for various classes of nonconvex nonlinear programs (NLPs) and mixed-integer nonlinear programs (MINLPs).In the first part of this thesis, we consider nonconvex optimization problems containing convex-transformable functions. We introduce a new class of cutting planes derived by exploiting convex-transformability of intermediate expressions of factorable programs. In the second part of this thesis, we turn our attention to nonconvex mixed-integerquadratic programs (MIQPs). We present a family of convex quadratic relaxations derived by convexifying nonconvex quadratic functions through uniform diagonal perturbationsof the quadratic matrix. We investigate the theoretical properties of these quadratic relaxations and show that they are equivalent to some particular semidefinite programs. Wealso introduce novel branching variable selection strategies which can be used in conjunction with the proposed quadratic relaxations. In the third part of this thesis, we consider a related class of convex quadratic relaxations.In particular, we propose a new class of quadratically constrained programming (QCP) relaxations derived via convex quadratic cuts obtained from non-uniform diagonal perturbations of the quadratic matrix. We show that these relaxations are an outer-approximation of a semi-infinite convex program which under certain conditions is equivalent to a wellknown semidefinite program relaxation.To demonstrate the computational benefits of the ideas investigated in this thesis, we implement the proposed relaxation and domain partitioning strategies into the state-of-the art global optimization solver BARON. We test our implementation by conducting extensive computational studies on a variety of nonconvex problems. Results demonstrate that, for many test problems, the proposed techniques lead to order-of-magnitude speedups,resulting in a new version of BARON which outperforms other widely used global optimization solvers.
Subphotospheric emission from short gamma-ray bursts: Protons mold the multi-messenger signals
Creators: name: Rudolph, Annika
name: Tamborra, Irene
name: Gottlieb, Ore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of the observed Band-like photon spectrum in short gamma-ray bursts (sGRBs) is a long-standing mystery. We carry out the first general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulation of a sGRB jet with initial magnetization $σ_0 = 150$ in dynamical ejecta from a binary merger. From this simulation, we identify regions along the jet of efficient energy dissipation due to magnetic reconnection and collisionless sub-shocks. Taking into account electron and proton acceleration processes, we solve for the first time the coupled transport equations for photons, electrons, protons, neutrinos, and intermediate particles species up to close to the photosphere (i.e., up to $1 \times 10^{12}$ cm), accounting for all relevant radiative and cooling processes. We find that the subphotospheric multi-messenger signals carry strong signatures of the hadronic interactions and their resulting particle cascades. Importantly, the spectral energy distribution of photons is significantly distorted with respect to the Wien one, commonly assumed below the photosphere. Our findings suggest that the bulk of the non-thermal photon spectrum observed in sGRBs can stem from hadronic processes, occurring below the photosphere and previously neglected, with an accompanying energy flux of neutrinos peaking in the GeV energy range.
description: Version accepted for publication in ApJL
General entanglement
Creators: name: Klyachko, Alexander A.
name: Shumovsky, Alexander S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper contains a brief review of an approach to quantum entanglement based on analysis of dynamic symmetry of systems and quantum uncertainties, accompanying the measurement of mean value of certain basic observables. The latter are defined in terms of the orthogonal basis of Lie algebra, corresponding to the dynamic symmetry group. We discuss the relativity of entanglement with respect to the choice of basic observables and a way of stabilization of robust entanglement in physical systems.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure,1 tabe, will be published in special issue of Journal of Physics (Conference Series) with Proceedings of CEWQO-2005
On Auxiliary Fields in BF Theories
Creators: name: Ghaffor, D.
name: Tahiri, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the structure of auxiliary fields for non-Abelian BF theories in arbitrary dimensions. By modifying the classical BRST operator, we build the on-shell invariant complete quantum action. Therefore, we introduce the auxiliary fields which close the BRST algebra and lead to the invariant extension of the classical action.
description: 7 pages, minor changes, typos in equations corrected and acknowledgements added
Phase retrieval in high dimensions: Statistical and computational phase transitions
Creators: name: Maillard, Antoine
name: Loureiro, Bruno
name: Krzakala, Florent
name: Zdeborová, Lenka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the phase retrieval problem of reconstructing a $n$-dimensional real or complex signal $\mathbf{X}^{\star}$ from $m$ (possibly noisy) observations $Y_μ= | \sum_{i=1}^n Φ_{μi} X^{\star}_i/\sqrt{n}|$, for a large class of correlated real and complex random sensing matrices $\mathbfΦ$, in a high-dimensional setting where $m,n\to\infty$ while $α= m/n=Θ(1)$. First, we derive sharp asymptotics for the lowest possible estimation error achievable statistically and we unveil the existence of sharp phase transitions for the weak- and full-recovery thresholds as a function of the singular values of the matrix $\mathbfΦ$. This is achieved by providing a rigorous proof of a result first obtained by the replica method from statistical mechanics. In particular, the information-theoretic transition to perfect recovery for full-rank matrices appears at $α=1$ (real case) and $α=2$ (complex case). Secondly, we analyze the performance of the best-known polynomial time algorithm for this problem -- approximate message-passing -- establishing the existence of a statistical-to-algorithmic gap depending, again, on the spectral properties of $\mathbfΦ$. Our work provides an extensive classification of the statistical and algorithmic thresholds in high-dimensional phase retrieval for a broad class of random matrices.
description: 12 pages (main text and references), 26 pages of supplementary material. v2 matches the final version accepted at NeurIPS 2021