cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Low dimensional manifolds for exact representation of open quantum systems
Creators: name: Tezak, Nikolas
name: Amini, Nina Hadis
name: Mabuchi, Hideo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly nonlinear degrees of freedom in dissipative quantum systems tend to localize near manifolds of quasi-classical states. We present a family of analytical and computational methods for deriving optimal unitary model transformations based on representations of finite dimensional Lie groups. The transformations are optimal in that they minimize the quantum relative entropy distance between a given state and the quasi-classical manifold. This naturally splits the description of quantum states into quasi-classical coordinates that specify the nearest quasi-classical state and a transformed quantum state that can be represented in fewer basis levels. We derive coupled equations of motion for the coordinates and the transformed state and demonstrate how this can be exploited for efficient numerical simulation. Our optimization objective naturally quantifies the non-classicality of states occurring in some given open system dynamics. This allows us to compare the intrinsic complexity of different open quantum systems.
description: Added section on semi-classical SR-latch, added summary of method, revised structure of manuscript
title: Vital effects on lithium isotope fractionation – Insights from Recent and Albian molluscs
Creators: name: Schlidt, Vanessa
name: Hoffmann, René
name: Evans, David
name: Seitz, Hans-Michael
name: Voigt, Silke
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Molluscs have great potential as geochemical archive due to their wide spatial and temporal abundance. For lithium isotope compositions (δ7Li), a proxy for reconstructing weathering intensity, they would offer a valuable possibility of obtaining data unobscured by clay contamination which is known to be an obstacle when working with sediment samples.

However, recent studies have shown the potential challenge of accounting for vital effects when interpreting δ7Li data from mollusc shells. Here, we assessed the potential of mostly aragonitic molluscs, mainly cephalopods, as an archive for δ7Li.

We analysed Recent cephalopods such as Argonauta hians, Nautilus pompilius, Spirula spirula and Sepia officinalis. This selection includes species that build both exo- and endoskeletons, and provides us the opportunity to assess whether this feature imposes different vital effects on lithium isotope fractionation. Furthermore, we sampled Albian molluscs including nautiloids (two specimens of Cymatoceras sp.) and ammonites (Cleoniceras sp. and Desmoceras sp.) as well as the bivalves Arca cucullaea and Cardium sp. from the Mahajanga Basin in Madagascar which show exceptional aragonite preservation.

Preliminary data for the modern specimens A. hians (a species that precipitates high-Mg calcite), S. spirula and N. pompilius show a narrow range of offsets from seawater δ7Li that resembles the fractionation between water and inorganically precipitated aragonite for biologically relevant growth rates.

For the Albian cephalopods and bivalves, we observe a narrow range of δ7Li values which hints towards possibly similar biomineralisation strategies among molluscs and thus, offsets caused by vital effects compared to their modern aragonitic relatives.
Eigenstate thermalization in the two-dimensional transverse field Ising model: II. Off-diagonal matrix elements of observables
Creators: name: Mondaini, Rubem
name: Rigol, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the matrix elements of few-body observables, focusing on the off-diagonal ones, in the eigenstates of the two-dimensional transverse field Ising model. By resolving all symmetries, we relate the onset of quantum chaos to the structure of the matrix elements. In particular, we show that a general result of the theory of random matrices, namely, the value 2 of the ratio of variances (diagonal to off-diagonal) of the matrix elements of Hermitian operators, occurs in the quantum chaotic regime. Furthermore, we explore the behavior of the off-diagonal matrix elements of observables as a function of the eigenstate energy differences, and show that it is in accordance with the eigenstate thermalization hypothesis ansatz.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures, as published
Borel Circle Squaring
Creators: name: Marks, Andrew S.
name: Unger, Spencer T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 05C21, 37A20, 52B45

description: We give a completely constructive solution to Tarski's circle squaring problem. More generally, we prove a Borel version of an equidecomposition theorem due to Laczkovich. If $k \geq 1$ and $A, B \subseteq \mathbb{R}^k$ are bounded Borel sets with the same positive Lebesgue measure whose boundaries have upper Minkowski dimension less than $k$, then $A$ and $B$ are equidecomposable by translations using Borel pieces. This answers a question of Wagon. Our proof uses ideas from the study of flows in graphs, and a recent result of Gao, Jackson, Krohne, and Seward on special types of witnesses to the hyperfiniteness of free Borel actions of $\mathbb{Z}^d$.
description: Minor typos corrected
The Surface UV Environment on Planets Orbiting M-Dwarfs: Implications for Prebiotic Chemistry & Need for Experimental Follow-Up
Creators: name: Ranjan, Sukrit
name: Wordsworth, Robin D.
name: Sasselov, Dimitar D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potentially-habitable planets orbiting M-dwarfs are of intense astrobiological interest because they are the only rocky worlds accessible to biosignature search over the next 10+ years due to a confluence of observational effects. Simultaneously, recent experimental and theoretical work suggests that UV light may have played a key role in the origin of life on Earth, and especially the origin of RNA. Characterizing the UV environment on M-dwarfs planets is important to understanding whether life as we know it could emerge on such worlds. In this work, we couple radiative transfer models to observed M-dwarf spectra to determine the UV environment on prebiotic Earth-analog planets orbiting M-dwarfs. We calculate dose rates to quantify the impact of different host stars on prebiotically-important photoprocesses. We find that M-dwarf planets have access to 100-1000 times less bioactive UV fluence than the young Earth. It is unclear whether UV-sensitive prebiotic chemistry that may have been important to abiogenesis, such as the only known prebiotically plausible pathways for pyrimidine ribonucleotide synthesis, could function on M-dwarf planets. This uncertainty affects objects like the recently-discovered habitable-zone planets orbiting Proxima Centauri, TRAPPIST-1, and LHS 1140. Laboratory studies of the sensitivity of putative prebiotic pathways to irradiation level are required to resolve this uncertainty. If steady-state M-dwarf UV output is insufficient to power these pathways, transient elevated UV irradiation due to flares may suffice; laboratory studies can constrain this possibility as well.
description: 18 pages; 6 figures; published in ApJ
title: Age differences between separate magma pulses in two laccoliths (Halle Volcanic Complex): insight into processes of silicic magma formation
Creators: name: Przybyło, Arkadiusz
name: Pietranik, Anna
name: Breitkreuz, Christoph
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Halle Volcanic Complex includes several laccoliths emplaced during Carboniferous-Permian flare-up (Breitkreuz & Kennedy, 1999). Previous dating of the laccoliths yielded a range of ages from 301±3 Ma (Landsberg) to 292±3 Ma (Petersberg). Textural and whole rock chemical composition of samples from several depths from both laccoliths suggest formation of the laccoliths in several pulses and in this study we have checked if a complementary record is  preserved in chemical composition of accessory phases. Altogether seven depths have been analyzed from two laccoliths including electron microprobe analyses of zircon and apatite and U-Pb SHRIMP dating. Additionally four depths were analysed for U-Pb zircon age by CA-ID-TIMS. Zircon is chemically homogenous within and between laccoliths and has similar sets of inclusions. On the other hand, apatite shows variable Nd contents decreasing with depth for both laccoliths and apatite from Petersberg has more Cl, when apatite from Landsberg has more Na. The implication is that apatite chemistry is better at recording magma evolution than zircon. SHRIMP ages are scattered over 30 Ma for a single sample, which suggests the presence of antecrysts and lead-loss, or alternatively indicates formation of the laccoliths over a prolonged period of time.

Acknowledgements: The research was funded by the National Science Centre (Poland) the OPUS project UMO-2017/25/B/ST10/00180 to APietranik.

Breitkreuz, C., Kennedy, A. (1999) Magmatic flare-up at the Carboniferous/Permian boundary in the NE German Basin revealed by SHRIMP zircon ages. Tectonophysics. 302, 307-326.
title: The Martian subsurface structure at the InSight landing site revealed by marsquakes
Creators: name: Carrasco, Sebastian
name: Knapmeyer-Endrun, Brigitte
name: Margerin, Ludovic
name: Schmelzbach, Cédric
name: Onodera, Keisuke
name: Pan, Lu
name: Lognonné, Philippe
name: Menina, Sabrina
name: Giardini, Domenico
name: Stutzmann, Eléonore
name: Clinton, John
name: Stähler, Simon
name: Schimmel, Martin
name: Golombek, Matthew
name: Hobiger, Manuel
name: Hallo, Miroslav
name: Kedar, Sharon
name: Banerdt, W. Bruce
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
We analyzed the seismological data collected by the InSight mission, which landed on Mars in November 2018, in order to reveal the first tens of meters of the subsurface structure underneath the landing site. Here, we performed horizontal-to-vertical analysis (H/V) for different wind-dependent noise periods and for martian seismic events data (marsquakes). The final H/V curve presents a characteristic trough at 2.4 Hz and a strong peak at 8 Hz. We inverted this H/V curve for the 1D shear-wave velocity structure at the InSight landing site. Based on our inversion results, we propose a strong site effect at the InSight site to be due to the presence of a shallow high-velocity layer (SHVL) over low-velocity units. The SHVL is likely placed below a layer of coarse blocky ejecta and can be associated with Early Amazonian basaltic lava flows. The units below the SHVL have lower velocities, possibly related to a Late Hesperian or Early Amazonian epoch with a different magmatic regime and/or a greater impact rate and more extensive weathering. An extremely weak buried low-velocity layer (bLVL) between these lava flows explains the data around the 2.4 Hz trough, whereas a more competent bLVL would not generate this latter feature. These subsurface models are in good agreement with results from hammering experiments and compliance measurements at the InSight landing site. Finally, this site effect is revealed only by seismic events data and it explains the larger horizontal than vertical ground motion recorded for some marsquakes.
Classical Entanglement Structure in the Wavefunction of Inflationary Fluctuations
Creators: name: Nelson, Elliot
name: Riedel, C. Jess
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the preferred classical variables that emerge from a pure quantum state are determined by its entanglement structure in the form of redundant records: information shared between many subsystems. Focusing on the early universe, we ask how classical metric perturbations emerge from vacuum fluctuations in an inflationary background. We show that the squeezing of the quantum state for super-horizon modes, along with minimal gravitational interactions, leads to decoherence and to an exponential number of records of metric fluctuations on very large scales, $λ/λ_{\rm Hubble}>Δ_ζ^{-2/3}$, where $Δ_ζ\lesssim 10^{-5}$ is the amplitude of scalar metric fluctuations. This determines a preferred decomposition of the inflationary wavefunction into orthogonal "branches" corresponding to classical metric perturbations, which defines an inflationary entropy production rate and accounts for the emergence of stochastic, inhomogeneous spacetime geometry.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. v2: published version. Results superseded by arXiv:1711.05719. Honorable Mention in the 2017 Gravity Research Foundation Essay Competition
Iterative control strategies for non-linear systems
Creators: name: Forte, Giuseppe
name: Vural, Dervis C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C05 (Primary) 82C31, 93E20 (Secondary)

description: In this paper, we focus on the control of the mean field equilibrium of non linear networks of the Langevin type in the limit of small noise. Using iterative linear approximations, we derive a formula that prescribes a control strategy in order to displace the equilibrium state of a given system, and remarkably find that the control function has a "universal" form under certain physical conditions. This result can be employed to define universal protocols useful, for example, in the optimal work extraction from a given reservoir. Generalizations and limits of application of the method are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Forging the future through real world impact: How autistic librarians are setting out to change hiring practices
Creators: name: Roga, Erin
Publisher: name: Federation University Australia
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 461006
subject: Library studies

description: Video contribution to the ACRL23 Conference panel discussion.Learn from Autistic librarians about their experiences with the academic library hiring process, how libraries can do better in serving Autistic librarians, and why it's important to listen to actually Autistic voices.Learning OutcomesCritically examine social expectations of academic library recruitment practices in the USA and Australia in order to become more inclusive of autistic applicants. Engage with #ActuallyAutistic narratives describing struggles common to autistic people's experiences in the hiring process in order to better recognize barriers present in the traditional academic library interview environment and hiring process. Reflect on the benefits of skills based evaluation of candidates in order to reduce bias and exclusionary hiring practices in academic libraries.
title: Petrographical and petrophysical properties of tight siliciclastic rocks from the Ibbenbueren coal mine with regard to mine flooding
Creators: name: Quandt, Dennis
name: Busch, Benjamin
name: Fuchs, Helena
name: Alvarado de la Barrera, Aura
name: Greve, Jonas
name: Hilgers, Christoph
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
With regard to high production costs and the energy transition, German hard coal mining was phased out in 2018. As mine water drainage becomes economically and technically redundant, the mine water rebound may change the local stress state inducing ground movements, microseismicity, and gas anomalies. Geomechanical approaches that attempt to couple subsurface stress changes and surface ground movements require geological and petrophysical information of the subsurface. This study provides petrographic and petrophysical data of Upper Carboniferous (Westphalian B–C), fluvial, tight (most porosities <10 %, most permeabilities <1 mD) siliciclastic rocks from the former Ibbenbueren coal mine in NW Germany where the ground water currently rebounds. Measured compressional (3809–6656 m/s) and shear wave velocities (2126–3723 m/s), and calculated Young’s moduli (31.3–80.9 GPa) vary significantly and are related to Cretaceous maximum burial. Thus, predominantly mechanical compaction and subordinately quartz cementation altered the textural framework of the rocks. Grain size (0.008–1.1 mm) determined by the depositional environment represents the major control on wave velocities and Young’s moduli. Calculated Poisson’s ratios (0.09–0.31) in contrast are a function of the stress history, initial mineralogy, and diagenetic alterations. Therefore, the variations observed in texture, mineralogy, wave velocities, and derived Young’s moduli and Poisson’s ratios are crucial for the poroelastic behavior of the subsurface and need to be considered in case studies, which model post-mining ground movements as a result of mine flooding.
title: How greenstone belts deform: Tectonic style along the southern margin of the Barberton Greenstone Belt, Eswatini
Creators: name: Janse van Rensburg, Deon J.
name: Reimann, Sebastian
name: Heubeck, Christoph
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) and many other orogenic belts in cratonic basements have been classically thought to be large, first-order synclinal structures, thus supporting vertically-dominated models of early Earth lithosphere formation. We here argue for a late phase of BGB deformation involving significant horizontal shortening along the long, polymetamorphosed linear southern margin of the BGB with the gneisses of the Ancient Gneiss Complex of central Eswatini by investigating the Ntaba Mhlope Syncline, a small, steeply doubly (inwardly) plunging, highly strained syncline of Moodies Group (ca. 3.21 Ga) strata, about 3 km long and 0.6 km wide. This structure represents the lone remnant of Moodies Group strata in the central segment of the southern BGB. Its subvertically dipping, upper-greenschist-facies-metamorphosed strata consist of (from base to top) conglomerates, quartzose sandstones and subordinate shales and siltstones a few hundred m thick. Age spectra of detrital zircons from sandstones suggest a depositional age of ca. 3232+-36 (2σ) Ma, similar to Moodies depositional ages elsewhere in the BGB. Deformation of conglomerate clasts is markedly constrictional; plunge is uniform and steep throughout the tight syncline, suggesting that strain followed folding. Geologic setting, fold style and prolate strain suggest that deformation occurred during substantial north-northwestward-directed shortening by folding and thrusting in high-strain zones at elevated temperatures, perpendicular to the BGB margin. These findings are comparable with similar deformation patterns along strike in the Malolotsha region further south but contrast with observations of regionally dominant oblate strain along the entire northwestern margin of the BGB.
Supersymmetric IIB Background with AdS_4 Vacua from Massive IIA Supergravity
Creators: name: Zayas, Leopoldo A. Pando
name: Tsimpis, Dimitrios
name: Whiting, Catherine A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new Type IIB supergravity background of the warped form AdS$_4\times \mathcal{M}_6$ with dilaton, $B$-field and all Ramond-Ramond fluxes turned on. We obtain the solution by applying non-Abelian T-duality to a certain representative of a class of AdS$_4$ backgrounds in massive IIA supergravity. By explicitly constructing the Killing spinor of the seed solution and using an argument involving Kosmann spinorial Lie derivative we demonstrate that the background is supersymmetric.
description: 25 pages; title changed; brief review of NATD included; revised statements about vanishing Romans mass limit; matches version published in PRD
Model-Independent Extraction of $|V_{cb}|$ from $\bar{B}\rightarrow D^* \ell \overlineν$
Creators: name: Grinstein, Benjamin
name: Kobach, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fit the unfolded data of $\bar{B}^0\rightarrow D^{*+} \ell \overlineν$ from the Belle experiment, where $\ell \equiv e, μ$, using a method independent of heavy quark symmetry to extrapolate to zero-recoil and extract the value of $|V_{cb}|$. This results in $|V_{cb}| = (41.9^{~+2.0}_{~-1.9})\times 10^{-3}$, which is robust to changes in the theoretical inputs and very consistent with the value extracted from inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures; corrected minor typographical errors
title: Belemnites as an archive for the seawater lithium isotope composition: Evidence in the belemnite rostrum for large vital effects
Creators: name: Huber, Sandra J.
name: Schlidt, Vanessa
name: Seitz, H.-Michael
name: Marschall, Horst R.
name: Voigt, Silke
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The lithium isotopic composition of the seawater (δ7Li) can be used as a proxy for silicate weathering. So far, different archives like planktonic foraminifera, brachiopods, mollusks and bulk carbonates have been tested. To date only one study has investigated the δ7Li in belemnite rostra.

A Late Cretaceous belemnite (Belemnitella mucronata) from the Campanian succession of Lägerdorf, Germany was investigated. The lithium isotopic composition of the chalk matrix surrounding the specimen has a δ7Li value of +21.9 ±0.06‰ (2σ). The section across the belemnite rostrum displays signs of diagenetic alteration in its center and at the outer margin. The bulk belemnite was drilled from the intermediate pristine part of the rostrum – the domain that is considered least altered. The data analyzed by solution MC ICP-MS (Multi Collector Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry) revealed a δ7Li value of +36.8 ±1.4‰ (2σ, n=2). We also conducted spatially resolved Li-isotope analyses across the rostrum by laser ablation MC ICP-MS. δ7Li varies between +20.5 and +59.8‰ with the highest values in the intermediate pristine part of the rostrum. In contrast, low values were detected in the milky domains, which are considered as altered by diagenesis.

The distinct positive isotopic offset between B. mucronata and surrounding chalk (15–21‰ for bulk solution chemistry data) exceeds the magnitude of modern mollusks, which are also enriched by 2–8‰ relative to the lithium isotopic composition of modern seawater. This positive offset indicates a high influence of vital effects during the biomineralization process of this species.
Orbits of real semisimple Lie groups on real loci of complex symmetric spaces
Creators: name: Cupit-Foutou, Stéphanie
name: Timashev, Dmitry A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14M27, 14G05, 11E72, 20G10

description: Let $G$ be a complex semisimple algebraic group and $X$ be a complex symmetric homogeneous $G$-variety. Assume that both $G$, $X$ as well as the $G$-action on $X$ are defined over real numbers. Then $G(\mathbb{R})$ acts on $X(\mathbb{R})$ with finitely many orbits. We describe these orbits in combinatorial terms using Galois cohomology, thus providing a patch to a result of A.Borel and L.Ji.
description: 17 pages, the final version, published in Acta Math. Sinica, English series, online first, legal view-only access via http://rdcu.be/zHnI
title: Atacama Desert soils as potential habitat for life at the extreme dry limit
Creators: name: Mörchen, Ramona
name: Lehndorff, Eva
name: Bol, Roland
name: Klumpp, Erwin
name: Arenas-Diaz, Franko
name: Rahimova, Humay
name: Fuentes, Barbara
name: Amelung, Wulf
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
In the soils of the Atacama Desert its evolutionary history is buried and thus memorized. This is because of the extreme and prolonged dryness, which enabled the preservation of organic residues of life. Until now it is not known if and how life has survived under such conditions. Therefore, we aimed at quantifying and identifying different sources and hotspots of organic matter (OM) along four west-east directed transects, spanning the Atacama Desert from north to south and selected soil profiles which were dug to 0.6-3.4 m depth. Soil organic carbon (SOC) concentrations were determined by temperature-dependent differentiation; n-alkane and PAH signatures, as markers for plant residues and atmospheric, external inputs of OM, respectively, were detected using gas-chromatographic separation and mass-sensitive detection; potential hotspots of OM accumulation were identified by soil moisture content, electric conductivity and microbial community structure. We found that with increasing aridity SOC stocks decreased from 53±53 to 4±1 t ha-1 in the topsoil. In the subsoil, SOC concentrations peaked between 40 and 150 cm depth, also in hyper-arid regions, adding 74.0-94.3% of subsoil SOC to the topsoil SOC stock. Biomarker analyses revealed that OM was partly derived by plant growth, some came by atmospheric transport and that there exist habitats of life at greater soil depth. Now further studies are needed to investigate how much of this OM is derived from the atmosphere or was built in-situ and what keeps the deep biosphere alive and who is colonizing it.
Multi-harmonic Quantum Dot Optomechanics in fused LiNbO$_3$-(Al)GaAs hybrids
Creators: name: Nysten, Emeline D. S.
name: Huo, Yong Heng
name: Yu, Hailong
name: Song, Guo Feng
name: Rastelli, Armando
name: Krenner, Hubert J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We fabricated an acousto-optic semiconductor hybrid device for strong optomechanical coupling of individual quantum emitters and a surface acoustic wave. Our device comprises a surface acoustic wave chip made from highly piezoelectric LiNbO$_3$ and a GaAs-based semiconductor membrane with an embedded layer of quantum dots. Employing multi-harmonic transducers, we generated sound waves on LiNbO$_3$ over a wide range of radio frequencies. We monitored their coupling to and propagation across the semiconductor membrane both in the electrical and optical domain. We demonstrate enhanced optomechanical tuning of the embedded quantum dots with increasing frequencies. This effect was verified by finite element modelling of our device geometry and attributed to an increased localization of the acoustic field within the semiconductor membrane. For moderately high acoustic frequencies, our simulations predict strong optomechanical coupling making our hybrid device ideally suited for applications in semiconductor based quantum acoustics.
description: revised manuscript. unit conversion error fixed
title: Transtensional fault segments and fluid migration in the Upper Rhine Graben
Creators: name: Allgaier, Felix
name: Busch, Benjamin
name: Hilgers, Christoph
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
The Upper Rhine Graben is utilized for geothermal- and hydrocarbon exploration, and considered for lithium mining from brines. Subsurface exploration requires an understanding of reservoir- and fault properties, the geomechanical response of faults, and associated fluid migration. Slip- and dilation tendency analysis is conducted to identify fault segments in the stratigraphy, which might potentially act as fluid migration pathways.

Fluid migration is reflected by upward hydrocarbon migration of different oil types sourced from the Posidonia shales along fault zones and locally from the Lower Pechelbronn Beds (eg. Bruss 2000). For example, the reservoir quality of the previously explored and hydrocarbon producing Cenozoic Meletta beds is highly variable, decreasing with depth, ranging from 4.5 to 26.3% porosity and 0.09 to 150 mD permeability at ambient conditions (Bruss 2000, Sauer 1981, Schad 1964).

Published stress field and structural data indicated the considered N-S trending fault section of the generally NNE-SSW oriented Leopoldshafen fault 7 km north of Karlsruhe to have a transtensional character enabeling fluid migration. High slip and moderate dilation tendencies indicate this fault segment to be favourably oriented within the present-day stress field to slip or creep, depending on rock strength and SGR fault properties.
Weak lensing from self-ordering scalar fields
Creators: name: Saga, Shohei
name: Horiguchi, Kouichirou
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological defects result from cosmological phase transitions in the early Universe and the dynamics reflects their symmetry-breaking mechanisms. These cosmological defects may be probed through weak lensing effects because they interact with ordinary matters only through the gravitational force. In this paper, we investigate global textures by using weak lensing curl and B modes. Non-topological textures are modeled by the non-linear sigma model (NLSM), and induce not only the scalar perturbation but also vector and tensor perturbations in the primordial plasma due to the nonlinearity in the anisotropic stress of scalar fields. We show angular power spectra of curl and B modes from both vector and tensor modes based on the NLSM. Furthermore, we give the analytic estimations for curl and B mode power spectra. The amplitude of weak lensing signals depends on a combined parameter $ε^{2}_{v} = N^{-1}\left( v/m_{\rm pl} \right)^{4}$ where $N$ and $v$ are the number of the scalar fields and the vacuum expectation value, respectively. We discuss the detectability of the curl and B modes with several observation specifications. In the case of the CMB lensing observation without including the instrumental noise, we can reach $ε_{v} \approx 2.7\times 10^{-6}$. This constraint is about 10 times stronger than the current one determined from the Planck. For the cosmic shear observation, we find that the signal-to-noise ratio depends on the mean redshift and the observing number of galaxies as $\propto z^{0.7}_{\rm m}$ and $\propto N^{0.2}_{\rm g}$, respectively. In the study of textures using cosmic shear observations, the mean redshift would be one of the key design parameters.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, Accepted for publication in PRD
Crossing the Energy Efficiency Chasm: An Assessment of the Barriers to Institutional Investment at Scale
Creators: name: Parker, Martin
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: energy efficiency
institutional investment
fund management
sustainable development

description: Significant savings in CO2 emissions can be won from fabric upgrades, and improved forms of heating. An increase in the number of building retrofits and installations of energy efficient plant such as biomass boilers or CCHPs must be the aim if the UK is serious in meeting its commitment to CO2 reduction at both the domestic and EU level. A way of achieving this increase, which will need to be significant, would be to tap into the vast funds under management by institutional investors who are required to invest those funds to optimise its monetary return, taking into account the level of risk. The aim of the research is to identify the enabling conditions that would need to exist to attract institutional investment in energy efficiency at scale. The UK Green Investment Bank has invested £50m into three energy efficiency funds, requiring each fund manager to match the amount by attracting investment from institutional investors. It is these funds that have been analysed as a single Green Investment Bank case study. Embedded units of analysis are on two levels with the individual funds being the first, and the institutional investors investing in those funds as the second. A hybrid deductive and inductive qualitative approach to the research was taken employing thematic analysis. The findings of the research reported here indicate that the emerging key enabling conditions that would make energy efficiency an attractive proposition are firstly, the way energy efficiency investments are classified in terms of an investment asset class, secondly the contractual structure of the individual transactions made by the funds, and finally, the experience and familiarity of the fund manager.
title: Insights into triple oxygen isotope variations in Precambrian carbonates from CO2 – O2 equilibration
Creators: name: Jäger, Oliver
name: Surma, Jakub
name: Zahnow, Fabian
name: Schier, Katharina
name: Bau, Michael
name: Pack, Andreas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2022

description:
Small mass-dependent variations in 17O/16O and 18O/16O, expressed as Δ‘17O (=ln(δ17O+1) – ln(δ18O+1)*λref), in carbonates provide insight into temperature dependent carbonate-water equilibration. Uncertainties between 10-15 per meg are required to distinguish equilibrium conditions and post-depositional alteration of carbonates. Measuring 17O/16O with conventional methods is hampered by isobaric interferences of the higher abundant 13C16O2. A new methodical approach based on equilibration of sample CO2 and O2 over hot platinum was developed, demonstrating external reproducibility of Δ‘17OCO2 smaller than 10 per meg [1]. Here we present a modified experimental setup of this method. We developed an automatized procedure to minimize external error sources and reproduce experimental conditions. We show that Δ‘17O of the equilibrated O2 is affected by a mass independent fractionation (MIF) during isotope exchange. The MIF is induced by a strong thermal gradient in the reactor and the order of magnitude is coupled to the equilibration temperature. We analyzed a set of platform carbonates from the Proterozoic-Archean transition from the Transvaal Supergroup, South Africa to examine the origin of the secular shift of δ18O in carbonates towards higher values from the Archean to today. The carbonates plot below the curve defined by calcite in equilibrium with seawater, which neither supports hot oceans nor lower δ18O of Precambrian seawater. Modelling diagenetic alteration suggests, that the pristine oxygen isotope composition of carbonates may have been modified after deposition or that the carbonates may last re-equilibrated with (sea)water with slightly higher δ18O and lower Δ‘17O.

[1] Mahata et al. (2013), Anal. Chem., 85, 6894-6901
On the n-th row of the graded Betti table of an n-dimensional toric variety
Creators: name: Lemmens, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02 (primary), 14M25 (secondary)

description: We prove an explicit formula for the first non-zero entry in the n-th row of the graded Betti table of an n-dimensional projective toric variety associated to a normal polytope with at least one interior lattice point. This applies to Veronese embeddings of projective space where we prove a special case of a conjecture of Ein and Lazarsfeld. We also prove an explicit formula for the entire n-th row when the interior of the polytope is one-dimensional. All results are valid over an arbitrary field k.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
Length spectra of sub-Riemannian metrics on compact Lie groups
Creators: name: Domokos, András
name: Krauel, Matthew
name: Pigno, Vincent
name: Shanbrom, Corey
name: VanValkenburgh, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C17, 53C22, 22E30, 51N30

description: Length spectra for Riemannian metrics are well studied, while sub-Riemannian length spectra have been largely unexplored. Here we give the length spectrum for a canonical sub-Riemannian structure attached to any compact Lie group by restricting its Killing form to the sum of the root spaces. Surprisingly, the shortest loops are the same in both the Riemannian and sub-Riemannian cases. We provide specific calculations for SU(2) and SU(3).
description: 20 pages; new title and abstract
Application of Freinet Pedagogy in Greece. Research tools & evaluation of the educational experience. Evaluation survey of the Pilot Project 2017-2018 | Εφαρμογή της Παιδαγωγικής Freinet στην Ελλάδα. Ερευνητικά εργαλεία & αποτίμηση της εκπαιδευτικής εμπειρίας. Έρευνα αξιολόγησης του Πιλοτικού προγράμματος 2017-2018
Creators: name: Lahlou Sofia
name: Despina, Karakatsani
name: Trantas Petros
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Karakatsani Despina, Lahlou Sofia Trantas Petros Application of Freinet Pedagogy in Greece. Research tools & evaluation of the educational experience. Evaluation survey of the Pilot Project 2017-2018 Δέσποινα Καρακατσάνη, Σοφία Λάχλου, Πέτρος Τραντάς
 Εφαρμογή της Παιδαγωγικής Freinet στην Ελλάδα.
 Ερευνητικά εργαλεία & αποτίμηση της εκπαιδευτικής εμπειρίας
 Έρευνα αξιολόγησης του Πιλοτικού προγράμματος επιμόρφωσης και εφαρμογής της Παιδαγωγικής Freinet στη δημόσια εκπαίδευση 2017 2018

 Διοργάνωση:
 Ινστιτούτο Εκπαιδευτικής Πολιτικής
 Παιδαγωγική Ομάδα «Το Σκασιαρχείο» - Πειραματικοί ψηλαφισμοί για ένα σχολείο της κοινότητας, https://skasiarxeio.wordpress.com/
 ISBN: 978-618-83056-3-2
 Έτος έκδοσης: 2019
 © Παιδαγωγική Ομάδα «Το Σκασιαρχείο» - Πειραματικοί ψηλαφισμοί για ένα σχολείο της κοινότητας
Sequence of induced Hausdorff metrics on Lie groups
Creators: name: Neyra, Norbil L. Cordova
name: Fukuoka, Ryuichi
name: Neves, Eduardo de A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37-xx, 53C30, 51F99, 53B40

description: Let $φ: G \times (M,d) \rightarrow (M,d)$ be a left action of a Lie group on a differentiable manifold endowed with a metric $d$ (distance function) compatible with the topology of $M$. Denote $gp:=φ(g,p)$. Let $X$ be a compact subset of $M$. Then the isotropy subgroup of $X$ is a closed subgroup of $G$ defined as $H_X:=\{g\in G; gX=X\}$. The induced Hausdorff metric is a metric on the left coset manifold $G/H_X$ defined as $d_X(gH_X,hH_X)=d_H(gX,hX)$, where $d_H$ is the Hausdorff distance in $M$. Suppose that $φ$ is transitive and that there exist $p\in M$ such that $H_X=H_p$. Then $gH_X \mapsto gp$ is a diffeomorphism that identifies $G/H_X$ and $M$. In this work we define a discrete dynamical system of metrics on $M$. Let $d^1=\hat d_X$, where $\hat d_X$ stands for the intrinsic metric associated to $d_X$. We can iterate $φ: G \times (M\equiv G/H_X,d^1)\rightarrow (M\equiv G/H_X,d^1)$, in order to get $d^2, d^3$ and so on. We study the particular case where $M=G$, the left action $φ: G\times (G,d) \rightarrow (G,d)$ is the product of $G$, $d$ is bounded above by a right invariant intrinsic metric on $G$ and $X\ni e$ is a finite subset of $G$. We prove that the sequence $d^i$ converges pointwise to a metric $d^\infty$. In addition, if $d$ is complete and the semigroup generated by $X$ is dense in $G$, then $d^\infty$ is the distance function of a right invariant $C^0$-Carnot-Carathéodory-Finsler metric. The case where $d^\infty$ is $C^0$-Finsler is studied in detail.
description: 18 pages
Quasinormal modes of a scalar field in the Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet-AdS black hole background: Perturbative and non-perturbative branches
Creators: name: González, P. A.
name: Konoplya, R. A.
name: Vásquez, Yerko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been found that quasinormal modes of asymptotically anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes in theories with higher curvature corrections may help to describe the regime of intermediate 't Hooft coupling in the dual field theory. Here, we consider quasinormal modes of a scalar field in the background of spherical Gauss--Bonnet--anti-de Sitter (AdS) black holes. In general, the eigenvalues of wave equations are found here numerically, but at a fixed Gauss-Bonnet constant $α= R^2/2$ (where $R$ is the AdS radius), an exact solution of the scalar field equation has been obtained. Remarkably, the purely imaginary modes, which are usually appropriate only to some gravitational perturbations, were found here even for a test scalar field. These purely imaginary modes of the Einstein--Gauss--Bonnet theory do not have the Einsteinian limits, because their damping rates grow, when $α$ is decreasing. Thus, these modes are nonperturbative in $α$. The real oscillation frequencies of the perturbative branch are linearly related to their Schwarzschild-AdS limits $Re (ω_{GB}) = Re (ω_{SAdS}) (1+ K(D) (α/R^2))$, where $D$ is the number of spacetime dimensions. Comparison of the analytical formula with the frequencies found by the shooting method allows us to test the latter. In addition, we found exact solutions to the master equations for gravitational perturbations at $α=R^2/2$ and observed that for the scalar type of gravitational perturbations an eikonal instability develops.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, matches version published in PRD
Higher-Twist Effects in Light-Cone Sum Rule for the $B\toπ$ Form Factor
Creators: name: Rusov, Aleksey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the higher-twist corrections to the QCD light-cone sum rule for the $B \to π$ transition form factor. The light-cone expansion of the massive quark propagator in the external gluonic field is extended to include new terms containing the derivatives of gluon-field strength. The resulting analytical expressions for the twist-5 and twist-6 contributions to the correlation function are obtained in a factorized approximation, expressed via the product of the lower-twist pion distribution amplitudes and the quark-condensate density. The numerical analysis reveals that new higher-twist effects for the $B \to π$ form factor are strongly suppressed. This result justifies the conventional truncation of the operator product expansion in the light-cone sum rules up to twist-4 terms.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, 1 table
Locality from the Spectrum
Creators: name: Cotler, Jordan S.
name: Penington, Geoffrey R.
name: Ranard, Daniel H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Essential to the description of a quantum system are its local degrees of freedom, which enable the interpretation of subsystems and dynamics in the Hilbert space. While a choice of local tensor factorization of the Hilbert space is often implicit in the writing of a Hamiltonian or Lagrangian, the identification of local tensor factors is not intrinsic to the Hilbert space itself. Instead, the only basis-invariant data of a Hamiltonian is its spectrum, which does not manifestly determine the local structure. This ambiguity is highlighted by the existence of dualities, in which the same energy spectrum may describe two systems with very different local degrees of freedom. We argue that in fact, the energy spectrum alone almost always encodes a unique description of local degrees of freedom when such a description exists, allowing one to explicitly identify local subsystems and how they interact. As a consequence, we can almost always write a Hamiltonian in its local presentation given only its spectrum. In special cases, multiple dual local descriptions can be extracted from a given spectrum, but generically the local description is unique.
description: 40 pages, 2 figures
MPEC 2023-K206 : 2023 KF5
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 KF5

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Predictive-Corrective Networks for Action Detection
Creators: name: Dave, Achal
name: Russakovsky, Olga
name: Ramanan, Deva
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While deep feature learning has revolutionized techniques for static-image understanding, the same does not quite hold for video processing. Architectures and optimization techniques used for video are largely based off those for static images, potentially underutilizing rich video information. In this work, we rethink both the underlying network architecture and the stochastic learning paradigm for temporal data. To do so, we draw inspiration from classic theory on linear dynamic systems for modeling time series. By extending such models to include nonlinear mappings, we derive a series of novel recurrent neural networks that sequentially make top-down predictions about the future and then correct those predictions with bottom-up observations. Predictive-corrective networks have a number of desirable properties: (1) they can adaptively focus computation on "surprising" frames where predictions require large corrections, (2) they simplify learning in that only "residual-like" corrective terms need to be learned over time and (3) they naturally decorrelate an input data stream in a hierarchical fashion, producing a more reliable signal for learning at each layer of a network. We provide an extensive analysis of our lightweight and interpretable framework, and demonstrate that our model is competitive with the two-stream network on three challenging datasets without the need for computationally expensive optical flow.
description: Accepted to CVPR 2017. [v2]: Updated Multi-LSTM mAP on MultiTHUMOS (should be 29.7, was initially reported as 29.6). [Project URL]: http://www.achaldave.com/projects/predictive-corrective/
Origin of luminescence quenching in structures containing CdSe/ZnSe quantum dots with a few Mn$^{2+}$ ions
Creators: name: Oreszczuk, Kacper
name: Goryca, Mateusz
name: Pacuski, Wojciech
name: Smoleński, Tomasz
name: Nawrocki, Michał
name: Kossacki, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed spectroscopic study of the photoluminescence quenching in an epitaxial structures containing CdSe/ZnSe quantum dots doped with low concentration of Mn$^{2+}$ ions. Our time-resolved and time-integrated experiments reveal the origin of the quenching observed in macro-photoluminescence studies of ensembles of such dots. We show that incorporation of even a few ions to an individual dot does not quench its luminescence effectively, although some fingerprints of expected spin-dependent quenching are visible. At the same time, the presence of Mn$^{2+}$ ions in the sample significantly affects the luminescence intensity of the wetting layer, resulting in a quenching of the global luminescence from studied structure. On the other hand, the luminescence decay dynamics is found to be independent of the presence of Mn$^{2+}$ ions, which suggests that the observed quenching occurs for the excited excitonic states.