cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Interference Effects in a Very Precise Measurement of the Muon Charge Asymmetry at FCC-ee
Creators: name: Jadach, S.
name: Yost, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the future high luminosity electron-positron collider FCC-ee proposed for CERN, the precise measurement of the charge asymmetry in $e^+ e^- \to μ^+ μ^-$ near the Z resonance is of special interest. In particular, such a measurement at $M_Z \pm 3.5$ GeV may provide a very precise measurement of the electromagnetic coupling at the scale $\sim M_Z$, a fundamental constant of the Standard Model. However, this charge asymmetry is plagued by a large trivial contribution from the interference of photon emission from initial state electrons and final state muons. We address the question whether this interference can be reliably calculated and subtracted with the help of a resummed QED calculation.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures. Presented by S. Jadach at the "Matter To The Deepest" Conference, Podlesice, Poland, 3-8 September 2017. Updated version adds graphics labels for monochrome viewing. No content changes
Changement Climatique et Iniquités en Santé : L’apport de L’approche Interventionnelle en Santé des Populations dans un Contexte Québécois
Creators: name: Buetti, David
name: Annous, Rana
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2016
Subjects: changement climatique
environnements physiques
iniquités en santé
déterminants écologiques de la santé
santé des populations
interventions multisectorielles

description: Dans un monde globalisé, le changement climatique vient s’ajouter à la pléthore de problèmes complexes auxquels la santé publique doit faire face. Cet article propose de s’intéresser, à travers une perspective interventionnelle en santé des populations et dans un contexte québécois, aux conséquences du changement climatique sur les populations vulnérables ainsi qu’aux domaines d’action pouvant les mitiger. Une recherche documentaire a été effectuée dans sept banques de données liées à plusieurs disciplines en sciences sociales, de la santé et de l’environnement. Reconnaissant également l’apport des organismes non gouvernementaux pour la santé des populations, celle-ci a été complémentée par des rapports d'organisations militantes et citoyennes. Les résultats montrent que plusieurs secteurs peuvent collaborer avec les agences de santé publique et les organismes communautaires pour réduire, d’une part, le changement climatique et, de l’autre, les iniquités en matière de santé. Au Québec, trois domaines d’action semblent particulièrement prometteurs, soit : l’aménagement territorial en milieu urbain, le transport et la mobilité durable et l’agriculture urbaine et périurbaine. Préconisant un cadre social écologique et une collaboration multisectorielle, les interventions centrées sur la santé des populations permettent d’atténuer les conséquences du changement climatique sur les iniquités sociales et sanitaires. Quelques défis et pistes de recherche liés à leur implantation et à leur pérennité sont discutés.
Vacuum Bubble in an Inhomogeneous Cosmology
Creators: name: Fischler, Willy
name: Krishnan, Chethan
name: Paban, Sonia
name: Zanic, Marija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of bubbles of new vacuum in a radially inhomogeneous Lemaitre-Tolman-Bondi background that includes a cosmological constant. This exemplifies the classical evolution of a tunneling bubble through a metastable state with curvature inhomogeneities, and will be relevant in the context of the Landscape. We demand that the matter profile in the LTB background satisfy the weak energy condition. For sample profiles that satisfy this restriction, we find that the evolution of the bubble (in terms of the physically relevant coordinates intrinsic to the shell) is largely unaffected by the prsence of local inhomogeneities. Our setup should also be a useful toy model for capturing the effects of ambient inhomogeneities on an inflating region.
description: 31 pages, 21(!) figures, v2: minor changes, figures re-sized (might require zoom on some systems), references added
Advanced Prediction in Polar regions and beyond: Modelling, observing system design, and LInkages associated with a Changing Arctic ClimATE
Creators: name: Jung, Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Presentation of an overview of the APPLICATE Project's purposes and objectives in occasion of the General Assembly of the H2020 fellow Arctic Cluster Project EU-PolarNet. The meeting took place on Monday, April 3rd 2017 in Prague (Czech Republic).
Demonstration of Hopf-link semimetal bands with superconducting circuits
Creators: name: Tan, Xinsheng
name: Li, Mengmeng
name: Li, Danyu
name: Dai, Kunzhe
name: Yu, Haifeng
name: Yu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hopf-link semimetals exhibit exotic gapless band structures with fascinating topological properties, which have never been observed in nature. Here we demonstrate nodal lines with topological form of Hopf-link chains in artificial semimetal-bands. Driving superconducting quantum circuits with elaborately designed microwave fields, we mapped the momentum space of a lattice to a parameter space of the Hamiltonian for a Hopf-link semimetal. By measuring the energy spectrum, we directly imaged nodal lines in cubic lattices. By tuning the driving fields, we adjusted various parameters of Hamiltonian. Important topological features, such as link-unlink topological transitions and the robustness of the Hopf-link chain structure were investigated. Moreover, we extracted the linking number by detecting the Berry phase associated with different loops encircling nodal lines. This topological invariant clearly reveals the nontrivial topology of the Hopf-link semimetal. Our results provide knowledge for developing new materials and quantum devices.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.01512
Flame spread over thin circular PMMA rods
Creators: name: B, Manu
name: Kumar, Amit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article, series of opposed flow, downward flame spread experiments are conducted using 80 mm long cast PMMA cylinders of 1 mm and 0.5 mm diameters at normal and micro gravity environments. All the experiments are conducted at 21 % of oxygen by volume in nitrogen at 1 atmospheric pressure with varying the opposed flow speed from 0 cm/s to 25 cm/s. Flame spread rate, flame shape, preheating, and pyrolysis parameters are observed and analysed by tracking the leading edge of the flame by digital image processing, measuring flame field temperatures, schileren imaging and microscopic observation of burnt solid cones. It is concluded from the study that, flame spreads faster in microgravity for all diameters and opposed flows considered in the study, because of longer preheating length which is confirmed by temperature measurement using 50 microns thermocouples in a flame field. The thinner the fuel faster the flame spread rate because of curvature effect and reduced thermal inertia. In normal gravity, the flame spread rate reduces very slightly with increasing opposed flow while in micro
Realistic simulations of gravitational lensing by galaxy clusters: extracting arc parameters from mock DUNE images
Creators: name: Meneghetti, Massimo
name: Melchior, Peter
name: Grazian, Andrea
name: De Lucia, Gabriella
name: Dolag, Klaus
name: Bartelmann, Matthias
name: Heymans, Catherine
name: Moscardini, Lauro
name: Radovich, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a newly developed code that allows simulations of optical observations of galaxy fields with a variety of instruments. The code incorporates gravitational lensing effects and is targetted at simulating lensing by galaxy clusters. Our goal is to create the tools required for comparing theoretical expectations with observations to obtain a better understanding of how observational noise affects lensing applications such as mass estimates, studies on the internal properties of galaxy clusters and arc statistics. Starting from a set of input parameters, characterizing both the instruments and the observational conditions, the simulator provides a virtual observation of a patch of the sky. It includes several sources of noise such as photon-noise, sky background, seeing, and instrumental noise. Ray-tracing through simulated mass distributions accounts for gravitational lensing. Source morphologies are realistically simulated based on shapelet decompositions of galaxy images retrieved from the GOODS-ACS archive. According to their morphological class, spectral-energy-distributions are assigned to the source galaxies in order to reproduce observations of each galaxy in arbitrary photometric bands. We illustrate our techniques showing virtual observations of a galaxy-cluster core as it would be observed with the space telescope DUNE, which was recently proposed to ESA within its "Cosmic vision" programme. (Abridged)
description: 17 pages, 15 figures submitted to A&A
Possible Atmospheric-like Neutron Beams at CSNS
Creators: name: Ni, W. J.
name: Jing, H. T.
name: Zhang, L. Y.
name: Ou, L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) will start commissioning in early 2018. The neutron spectra from the tungsten target bombarding by 1.6 GeV proton beam are very wide, namely white neutron spectra. Two white neutron beams schemed by CSNS are simulated by FLUKA. And the beam spectrum and intensity comparisons with other neutron sources in service are made. The fidelity of neutron spectra of these two white-neutron beam lines for chip irradiation experiments are estimated. The CSNS atmospheric-like neutron beams will be the first white neutron beam lines in China and the most intensive ones in a few years suitable to carry out the accelerated test experiments of neutron single event effect in the world.
Tracking the history of cultural eutrophication in High Arctic waterbodies
Creators: name: Gallant, Lauren
name: Kimpe, Linda
name: Hargan, Kathryn
name: Blais, Jules
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: paleolimnology
sterols
metals
sewage
isotopes

description: Human activities can greatly affect the chemical and biological composition of High Arctic lakes that otherwise receive only sparse inputs from their watersheds and airsheds. Here we present a study of three High Arctic waterbodies in which wastewater from an airport was released over the span of several decades. Using sediment cores from these waterbodies, we reconstructed the history of wastewater inputs using a multiproxy approach consisting of sterols, stanols, metals, and stable isotopes of carbon and nitrogen. This multi-proxy approach showed good concordance between 15N, coprostanol (a stanol specific to human fecal sources), cholesterol, and cholestanol, which tracked the known history of human wastewater deposition to this High Arctic environment. Concentrations of plant derived sterols, such as campesterol and sitosterol, increased at the time of wastewater input, presumably due to increased plant growth stimulated by wastewater nutrients. Metal(loid)s normalized to titanium showed copper and lead tracked the input of wastewater into R-12, while arsenic, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and zinc increased more than 15 years after the onset of wastewater input. These results demonstrated the ability of sterols and stanols to reconstruct the historical presence of humans in High Arctic locations within the last 80 years and provided compelling evidence that these paleolimnological approaches may be used to track occupation of Arctic peoples beyond the last century.
Quantum-vacuum-protected topological edge polaritons
Creators: name: Bomantara, Raditya Weda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper uncovers the formation of topological edge polaritons that are protected by the presence of quantum vacuum. Such quantum-vacuum-protected edge polaritons could be achieved in a system of neutral atomic lattice under appropriate interaction with a single photonic mode. In the absence of the light-matter coupling, the system is shown to be topologically trivial, which consequently does not support edge modes. By employing Floquet theory, the system is also found to be topologically trivial in the classical light limit, i.e., at very small light-matter coupling but very large number of photons. On the other hand, by treating both the atomic and photonic degrees of freedom quantum mechanically, the system becomes topologically nontrivial in the full (atomic+photonic) Hilbert space, which manifests itself as a pair of topological (almost) zero energy eigenstates localized near each lattice's edge and with very small mean photon number. Finally, the robustness of such quantum-vacuum-protected edge polaritons against spatial disorder and counterrotating coupling effect is explicitly demonstrated.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Published version
Beyond associative memory : connectionists must search for other cognitive primitives
Creators: name: Touretzky, David S
name: Artificial Intelligence And Psychology Project.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "Many recent connectionist models can be categorized as associative memories or pattern classifiers. Viewed at the right level of abstraction, the two are the same. Connectionists sometimes appear to be trying to squeeze all of cognition into the associative memory paradigm, perhaps because it's the only thing they know how to implement with gradient descent learning algorithms. But the combinatorial structure of thought and language indicates that the answer to 'How can slow components think so fast' lies beyond mere associative recall. We must search for additional cognitive primitives that can be implemented in parallel hardware. One modest successor to associative recall is considered here."
Improvements in the Visualization of Stereoscopic 3D Imagery
Creators: name: Gurrieri, Luis E.
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2015
Subjects: binocular vision
stereoscopic
vergence
accomodation
virtual reality
displays
cameras
immersive
telepresence
stereopsis

description: A pleasant visualization of stereoscopic imagery must take into account factors that may produce eye strain and fatigue. Fortunately, our binocular vision system has embedded mechanisms to perceive depth for extended periods of time without producing eye fatigue; however, stereoscopic imagery may still induce visual discomfort in certain displaying scenarios. An important source of eye fatigue originates in the conflict between vergence eye movement and focusing mechanisms. Today’s eye-tracking technology makes possible to know the viewers’ gaze direction; hence, 3D imagery can be dynamically corrected based on this information. In this paper, I introduce a method to improve the visualization of stereoscopic imagery on planar displays based on emulating vergence and accommodation mechanisms of binocular human vision. Unlike other methods to improve visual comfort that introduce depth distortions in the stereoscopic visual media this technique aims to produce a gentler and more natural binocular viewing experience without distorting the original depth of the scene.
Improved constraints on Higgs boson self-couplings with quartic and cubic power dependencies of the cross section
Creators: name: Li, Hai Tao
name: Si, Zong-Guo
name: Wang, Jian
name: Zhang, Xiao
name: Zhao, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precise determination of the Higgs boson self-couplings is essential for understanding the mechanism underlying electroweak symmetry breaking. However, owing to the limited number of Higgs boson pair events at the LHC, only loose constraints have been established to date. Current constraints are based on the assumption that the cross section is a quadratic function of the trilinear Higgs self-coupling within the $κ$ framework. Incorporating higher-order quantum corrections from virtual Higgs bosons would significantly alter this functional form, introducing new quartic and cubic power dependencies on the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. To derive this new functional form, we propose a specialized renormalization procedure that tracks all Higgs self-couplings at each calculation step. Additionally, we introduce renormalization constants for coupling modifiers within the $κ$ framework to ensure the cancellation of all ultraviolet divergences. With new functional forms of the cross sections in both the gluon-gluon fusion and vector boson fusion channels, the upper limit of $κ_{λ_{\rm 3H}}=λ_{\rm 3H}/λ_{\rm 3H}^{\rm SM}$ set by the ATLAS (CMS) collaboration is reduced from 6.6 (6.49) to 5.4 (5.37). However, extracting a meaningful constraint on the quartic Higgs self-coupling $λ_{\rm 4H}$ from Higgs boson pair production data remains challenging. We also present the invariant mass distributions of the Higgs boson pair at different values of $κ_λ$, which could assist in setting optimal cuts for experimental analysis.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures; v2: discussion on the application of HEFT added, version published in Chin.Phys.C
A growth model for RNA secondary structures
Creators: name: David, Francois
name: Hagendorf, Christian
name: Wiese, Kay Joerg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A hierarchical model for the growth of planar arch structures for RNA secondary structures is presented, and shown to be equivalent to a tree-growth model. Both models can be solved analytically, giving access to scaling functions for large molecules, and corrections to scaling, checked by numerical simulations of up to 6500 bases. The equivalence of both models should be helpful in understanding more general tree-growth processes.
A Note on Supersymmetries in AdS_5/CFT_4
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Fumiya
name: Sakaguchi, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The N=4 superconformal algebra is derived from the symmetry transformations of fields in the N=4 SYM action in D=4. We use a Majorana-Weyl spinor in D=10 instead of four Weyl spinors in D=4. This makes it transparent to relate generators of the N=4 superconformal algebra to those of the super-AdS_5XS^5 algebra. Especially, we obtain the concrete map from the supersymmetries Q and conformal supersymmetries S in N=4 SYM to the supersymmetries (Q_1, Q_2) in the AdS_5XS^5 background.
description: 13 pages, typos fixed, published version
title: Seismic interpretation of basin-basement relationships in the eastern Midland Valley of Scotland using quarry blasts
Creators: name: Kamaliddin, Zayd A.R.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1988

description: This project was designed as a reconnaissance study in the Fife region where no previous geophysical projects have been executed. It also allowed the extension of the knowledge obtained by the MAVIS project for the Midland Valley of Scotland towards the north-east. The project consisted of four refraction lines recorded using quarry blasts. The first profile (line 1) trends N-S across the Fife region, while the second profile (line 2) trends NW-SE crossing the Central Coalfield Syncline and was planned to tie this project with the MAVIS project. The other two lines provided extra information from the area. Two refractors are recognised defining three crustal layers. The first layer has velocities between 3.3-5.2 km/s and depths between 0.0 and 2.3 km. This layer is interpreted as Carboniferous and Upper Old Red Sandstone rocks and it is exposed along the southern section of line 1 and most of line 2. The second layer was interpreted as Lower Old Red Sandstone and Lower Palaeozoic rocks. It has velocities of 5.3-5.8 km/s and occurs at depths of 2.1-5.2 km in the southern part of the study area and is exposed at the surface, extending down to the basement refractor at 5.2 km depth in the northern section of the study area. A basement refractor with a velocity of 6.04 km/s occurring at a depth of 5.2 km beneath line 1 was interpreted. This refractor is not completely horizontal since a step north of the Tay is envisaged with an estimated upward displacement of 0.3 km towards the axis of the Strathmore Syncline in the north. Four major faults are traversed by the profiles, namely, the Ochil Fault, the North Ochil Fault, the South Tay Fault and the North Tay Fault Only the North Tay Fault was not detected. The estimated throw of the Ochil Fault is 2.2 km near its position of maximum displacement steeply dipping towards the SE, the North Ochil Fault has a throw of 0.5 km dipping to the south and the South Tay Fault a throw of 0.6 km dipping towards the north. A flat basement is envisaged where no effect of surface structures on basement was observed. Therefore, the Ochil Fault, the North Ochil Fault and the South Tay Fault are interpreted as of listric nature soleing out either at the layer 1/2 interface (i.e. Middle Devonian unconformity) or within layer 2. This interpretation is consistent with that of the MAVIS project where a listric Ochil Fault was predicted.
Charged black lens in de Sitter space
Creators: name: Tomizawa, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain a charged black lens solution in the five-dimensional Einstein-Maxwell-Chern-Simons theory with a positive cosmological constant. It is shown that the solution obtained here describes the formation of a black hole with the spatial cross section of a sphere from that of the lens space of L(n,1) in five-dimensional de Sitter space.
description: 17 pages, To be published in Physical Review D
Overlap between Lattice QCD and HRG with in-medium effects and parity doubling
Creators: name: Morita, Kenji
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
name: Lo, Pok Man
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the fluctuations and correlations involving baryon number in hot hadronic matter with modified masses of negative-parity baryons, in the context of the hadron resonance gas. Temperature-dependent masses are adopted from the recent lattice QCD results and from a chiral effective model which implements the parity doubling structure with respect to the chiral symmetry. Confronting the baryon number susceptibility, baryon-charge correlation, and baryon-strangeness correlation and their ratios with the lattice QCD data, we show that the strong downward mass shift in hyperons can accidentally reproduce some correlation ratios, however it also tends to overshoot the individual fluctuations and correlations. This indicates, that in order to correctly account for the influence of the chiral symmetry restoration on the fluctuation observables, a consistent framework of in-medium effects beyond hadron mass shifts is required.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. To appear in Proceedings of Strangeness in Quark Matter 2017
Between-word coarticulation modeling for continuous speech recognition
Creators: name: Mei-Yuh  Hwang
name: Hsiao-Wuen  Hon
name: Lee, Kai-Fu
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1971
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Computer Science Department
External Doping Effects in Competitive Weightlifting
Creators: name: Laprade, Graeme
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2018

description: This study uses results from the International Weightlifting Federation world championships to examine the peer effects of doping in competitive weightlifting. The sport of weightlifting provides a controlled environment and an objective measure of performance, as well as an abundance of positive drug test results to analyse how athletes respond to the expulsion of their peers from competition. Athletes can foresee a change in competition due to doping and modify training behaviour or drug use accordingly. Ifind that the doping level of an athlete's direct competitors is negatively related to performance.
Dipolar interaction in ultra-cold atomic gases
Creators: name: Menotti, C.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Lahaye, T.
name: Pfau, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-cold atomic systems provide a new setting where to investigate the role of long-range interactions. In this paper we will review the basics features of those physical systems, in particular focusing on the case of Chromium atoms. On the experimental side, we report on the observation of dipolar effects in the expansion dynamics of a Chromium Bose-Einstein condensate. By using a Feshbach resonance, the scattering length characterising the contact interaction can be strongly reduced, thus increasing the relative effect of the dipole-dipole interaction. Such experiments make Chromium atoms the strongest candidates at present for the achievement of the strong dipolar regime. On the theoretical side, we investigate the behaviour of ultra-cold dipolar systems in the presence of a periodic potential. We discuss how to realise this situation experimentally and we characterise the system in terms of its quantum phases and metastable states, discussing in detail the differences with respect to the case of zero-range interactions.
description: 30 pages, 17 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the Workshop "Dynamics and Thermodynamics of Systems with Long Range Interactions" (Assisi, July 2007), AIP Conference Proceedings
CONSOLE Project - Deliverable 6.1 - "Project website"
Creators: name: González-Penaloza, Félix
name: Blanco Velázquez, Francisco José
name: Anaya Romero, Maria
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2019
Subjects: AGR/01 Economia ed estimo rurale
SECS-S/01 Statistica

description: This document consists of Task 6.2 (Website, Hub and communication materials) in the framework of WP6 (Dissemination and outreach) and Deliverable 6.1 Project Website. The main aim will be to boost the impact of the project, through communicating the knowledge and results of the project. The project will target a wide range of audiences in order to link research, evidence-based policy and public awareness. Communication activities, such as workshops, social media accounts and websites have been discussed in this plan as well as identified actors and stakeholders in order to effectively promote innovation in delivery of agri-environmental climate public goods (AECPG) by EU agriculture and forestry. This is a living document and will be continuously updated according to CONSOLE’s progress.
Better with Byzantine: Manipulation-Optimal Mechanisms
Creators: name: Othman, Abraham M
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 1988
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A mechanism is manipulable if it is in some agents’ best interest to misrepresent their private information. The revelation principle
establishes that, roughly, anything that can be accomplished by a manipulable mechanism can also be accomplished with a truthful mechanism.
Yet agents often fail to play their optimal manipulations due to computational limitations or various ﬂavors of incompetence and cognitive biases.
Thus, manipulable mechanisms in particular should anticipate byzantine
play. We study manipulation-optimal mechanisms: mechanisms that are
undominated by truthful mechanisms when agents act fully rationally,
and do better than any truthful mechanism if any agent fails to act rationally in any way. This enables the mechanism designer to do better
than the revelation principle would suggest, and obviates the need to
predict byzantine agents’ irrational behavior. We prove a host of possibility and impossibility results for the concept which have the impression
of broadly limiting possibility. These results are largely in line with the
revelation principle, although the considerations are more subtle and the
impossibility not universal.
Anisotropic-cyclicgraphene: A new two-dimensional semiconducting carbon allotrope
Creators: name: Maździarz, Marcin
name: Mrozek, Adam
name: Kuś, Wacław
name: Burczyński, Tadeusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Potentially new, single-atom thick semiconducting 2D-graphene-like material, called Anisotropic-cyclicgraphene, have been generated by the two stage searching strategy linking molecular and ab initio approach. The candidate derived from the evolutionary based algorithm and molecular simulations was then profoundly analysed using first-principles density functional theory from the structural, mechanical, phonon, and electronic properties point of view. The proposed polymorph of graphene (rP16-P1m1) is mechanically, dynamically, and thermally stable and can be semiconducting with a direct band gap of 0.829 eV.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures
Mobile-to-Mobile Uncorrelated Scatter Channels
Creators: name: Walter, Michael
name: Schmidhammer, Martin
name: Bellido-Manganell, Miguel A.
name: Wiedemann, Thomas
name: Shutin, Dmitriy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In this paper, we present a complete analytic probability based description of mobile-to-mobile uncorrelated scatter channels. The correlation based description introduced by Bello and Matz is thus complemented by the presented probabilistic description leading to a common theoretical description of uncorrelated scatter channels. Furthermore, we introduce novel twodimensional hybrid characteristic probability density functions, which remain a probability density in one of the variables and a characteristic function in the other variable. Such a probability based description allows us to derive a mathematical model, in which the attenuation of the scattering components is inherently included in these two-dimensional functions. Therefore, there is no need to determine the path loss exponent. Additionally, the Doppler probability density function with the inclusion of the path loss leads to a concave function of the Doppler spectrum, which is quite different from the Jakes and Doppler spectra and can be directly parameterized by the velocity vectors and geometry of the scattering plane. Thus, knowing those parameters permits the theoretical computation of the Doppler spectra and temporal characteristic functions. Finally, we present a comparison between the computed probability based theoretical results and measurement data for a generic mobile-to-mobile channel. The agreement between the two shows the usefulness of the probability based description and confirms new shapes of the Doppler power spectra.
Partial Consensus and Conservative Fusion of Gaussian Mixtures for Distributed PHD Fusion
Creators: name: Li, Tiancheng
name: Corchado, Juan M
name: Sun, Shudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel consensus notion, called "partial consensus", for distributed GM-PHD (Gaussian mixture probability hypothesis density) fusion based on a peer-to-peer (P2P) sensor network, in which only highly-weighted posterior Gaussian components (GCs) are disseminated in the P2P communication for fusion while the insignificant GCs are not involved. The partial consensus does not only enjoy high efficiency in both network communication and local fusion computation, but also significantly reduces the affect of potential false data (clutter) to the filter, leading to increased signal-to-noise ratio at local sensors. Two "conservative" mixture reduction schemes are advocated for fusing the shared GCs in a fully distributed manner. One is given by pairwise averaging GCs between sensors based on Hungarian assignment and the other is merging close GCs based a new GM merging scheme. The proposed approaches have a close connection to the conservative fusion approaches known as covariance union and arithmetic mean density. In parallel, average consensus is sought on the cardinality distribution (namely the GM weight sum) among sensors. Simulations for tracking either a single target or multiple targets that simultaneously appear are presented based on a sensor network where each sensor operates a GM-PHD filter, in order to compare our approaches with the benchmark generalized covariance intersection approach. The results demonstrate that the partial, arithmetic average, consensus outperforms the complete, geometric average, consensus.
description: 7 pages
Better Automated Abstraction Techniques for Imperfect Information Games, with Application to Texas Hold’em Poker
Creators: name: Gilpin, Andrew
name: Sandholm, Tuomas W
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present new approximation methods for computing gametheoretic strategies for sequential games of imperfect information. At a high level, we contribute two new ideas. First, we introduce a new state-space abstraction algorithm. In each round of the game, there is a limit to the number of strategically diﬀerent situations that an equilibrium-ﬁnding algorithm can handle. Given this constraint, we use clustering to discover similar positions, and we compute the abstraction via an integer program that minimizes the expected error at each stage of the game. Second, we present a method for computing the leaf payoﬀs for a truncated version of the game by simulating the actions in the remaining portion of the game. This allows the equilibrium-ﬁnding algorithm to take into account the entire game tree while having to explicitly solve only a truncated version. Experiments show that each of our two new techniques improves performance dramatically in Texas Hold’em poker. The techniques lead to a drastic improvement over prior approaches for automatically generating agents, and our agent plays competitively even against the best agents overall.
On beta-function of tube of light cone
Creators: name: Neretin, Yuri A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 43A85, 32M15, 33B15

description: We construct $B$-function of the Hermitian symmetric space $\OO(n,2)/\OO(n)\times \OO(2)$ or equivalently of the tube $(Re z_0)^2> (Re z_1)^2+...+ (Re z_n)^2$ in $C^{n+1}
description: 7 pages
title: CNDSS 2018. Atti della III Conferenza Nazionale delle Dottorande e dei Dottorandi in Scienze Sociali 13-14 Settembre 2018
Creators: name: BRANCATO, Giovanni
name: D'AMBROSIO, Gabriella
name: DE MARCHIS, Erika
name: ESPOSTO, Edoardo
name: FICCADENTI, Cecilia
name: GALLO, Raffaella
name: GRIVET TALOCIA, Francesca
name: STOLFI, Melissa
name: TEDESCO, Marta
name: VACCARO, Andrea
Publisher: name: Sapienza Università Editrice
Year: 2019

description: CNDSS2018 è la “III Conferenza Nazionale delle Dottorande e dei Dottorandi in Scienze Sociali” svolta presso la Sapienza Università di Roma (13-14 settembre 2018). Il Convegno, patrocinato dell’Associazione Italiana di Sociologia (AIS), è stato realizzato grazie alla collaborazione tra gli allievi del Dottorato in “Comunicazione, Ricerca Sociale e Marketing” del Dipartimento di Comunicazione e Ricerca Sociale, e del Dottorato in “Scienze Sociali Applicate” del Dipartimento di Scienze Sociali ed Economiche. Questa terza edizione ha visto la partecipazione di laureati magistrali, dottorandi e neodottori di ricerca, provenienti da diversi Atenei italiani, configurandosi quale luogo ideale di incontro e di confronto tra esperienze di studio e di ricerca, ma anche di dibattito attivo su approcci teorici e metodologici, per “giovani” studiosi nell’ambito delle scienze sociali.
Quantum two-level systems and gravitational waves
Creators: name: Ruggiero, Matteo Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interaction between gravitational waves and a quantum two-level system consisting of a spin 1/2 particle using the formalism of the proper detector frame. This approach highlights the effects of gravitational waves on both the particles and the observer, emphasizing that only relative measurements can be made. Specifically, within this framework, the gravitational field of the waves is described using the gravitoelectromagnetic analogy. The interaction of the system is then determined by the gravitomagnetic field of the wave, which induces a time-dependent perturbation. We analyze this perturbation for both generic frequencies and resonance conditions, and discuss its implications.
description: 17 pages, LaTeX; revised to match the version accepted for publication in General Relativity and Gravitation
Trilinear Anomalous Gauge Interactions from Intersecting Branes and the Neutral Currents Sector
Creators: name: Armillis, R.
name: Coriano, C.
name: Guzzi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the trilinear gauge interactions in extensions of the Standard Model (SM) with several anomalous extra U(1)'s, identified in various constructions, from special vacua of string theory to large extra dimensions. In these models an axion and generalized Chern-Simons interactions for anomalies cancelation are present. We derive generalized Ward identities for these vertices and discuss their structure in the Stuckelberg and Higgs-Stuckelberg phases. We give their explicit expressions in all the relevant cases, which can be used for phenomenological studies of these models at the LHC.
description: 68 pages, 21 figures Revised Version, to appear in JHEP
Life-Cycle Worker Flows and Cross-country Differences in Aggregate Employment
Creators: name: Créchet, Jonathan
name: Lalé, Étienne
name: Tarasonis, Linas
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Employment
Labor Force Participation
Life cycle
Unemployment
Worker Flows
Labor Market Institutions

description: We propose new data moments to measure the role of life-cycle worker flows between employment, unemployment and out of the labor force in shaping cross-country differences in aggregate employment. We then show that a suitably extended version of the Diamond-Mortensen-Pissarides model can capture well these data moments. Two features of the model are crucial for this result: heterogeneity in match quality and endogenous search intensity. We examine the implications of this model for the sources of employment dispersion across Europe's largest countries, assessing the contribution of factors related to (i) the production technology, (ii) search, and (iii) policies. The sources of cross-country employment dispersion differ substantially across ages. Technology factors account for most of the employment variance of youths and prime-age workers, whereas search and policies are the main drivers of employment differences for older individuals.
Chemical abundances of primary stars in the Sirius-like binary systems
Creators: name: Kong, X. M.
name: Zhao, G.
name: Zhao, J. K.
name: Shi, J. R.
name: Kumar, Y. Bharat
name: Wang, L.
name: Zhang, J. B.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Zhou, Y. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Study of primary stars lying in Sirius-like systems with various masses of WD companions and orbital separations is one of the key aspects to understand the origin and nature of Barium (Ba) stars. In this paper, based on high resolution and high S/N spectra, we present systematic analysis of photospheric abundances for 18 FGK primary stars of Sirius-like systems including six giants and 12 dwarfs. Atmospheric parameters, stellar masses, and abundances of 24 elements (C, Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr, Y, Zr, Ba, La, Ce and Nd) are determined homogeneously. The abundance patterns in these sample stars show that most of the elements in our sample follow the behavior of field stars with similar metallicity. As expected, s-process elements in four known Ba giants show overabundance. A weak correlation was found between anomalies of s-process elemental abundance and orbital separation, suggesting the orbital separation of the binaries could not be the main constraint to differentiate strong Ba stars from mild Ba stars. Our study shows that the large mass (>0.51 M ) of a WD companion in a binary system is not a sufficient condition to form a Ba star, even if the separation between the two components is small. Although not sufficient it seems to be a necessary condition since Ba stars with lower mass WDs in the observed sample were not found. Our results support that [s/Fe] and [hs/ls] ratios of Ba stars are anti-correlated with the metallicity. However, the different levels of s-process overabundance among Ba stars may not to be dominated mainly by the metallicity.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, 8 tables
BEMC: A Searchable, Compressed Representation for Large Seismic Wavefields
Creators: name: Lopez, Julio
name: Ramirez-Guzman, Leonardo
name: Bielak, Jacobo
name: O'Hallaron, David R.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State-of-the-art numerical solvers in Earth Sciences produce multi terabyte datasets per execution. Operating on increasingly larger datasets becomes challenging due to insufficient data bandwidth. Queries result in difficult to handle I/O access patterns. BEMC is a new mechanism that allows querying and processing wavefields in the compressed representation. This approach combines well-known spatial-indexing techniques with novel compressed representations, thus reducing I/O bandwidth requirements. A new compression approach based on boundary integral representations exploits properties of the simulated domain. Frequency domain representation further compresses the data by eliminating temporal redundancy found in wave propagation data. This representation enables the transformation of a large I/O workload into a massively-parallel CPU-intensive computation. Queries to this representation result in largely sequential I/O accesses. Although, decompression places heavy demands on the CPU, it exhibits parallelism well-suited for many-core processors. We evaluate our approach in the context of data analysis for the Earth Sciences datasets.
Discovering overlapping communities in multi-layer directed networks
Creators: name: Qing, Huan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Community detection in multi-layer undirected networks has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, multi-layer directed networks are common in the real world, and existing community detection methods often either ignore the asymmetric structure in multi-layer directed networks or assume that every node solely belongs to a single community, significantly limiting their applicability to overlapping multi-layer directed networks, where nodes can belong to multiple communities simultaneously. To fill this gap, this article explores the challenging problem of detecting overlapping communities in multi-layer directed networks. Our goal is to understand the underlying asymmetric overlapping community structure by analyzing the mixed memberships of nodes. We introduce a novel multi-layer mixed membership stochastic co-block model (multi-layer MM-ScBM) to model overlapping multi-layer directed networks. We develop a spectral procedure to estimate nodes' memberships in both sending and receiving patterns. Our method uses a successive projection algorithm on a few leading eigenvectors of two debiased aggregation matrices. To our knowledge, this is the first work to detect asymmetric overlapping communities in multi-layer directed networks. We demonstrate the consistent estimation properties of our method by providing per-node error rates under the multi-layer MM-ScBM framework. Our theoretical analysis reveals that increasing the overall sparsity, the number of nodes, or the number of layers can improve the accuracy of overlapping community detection. Extensive numerical experiments validate these theoretical findings. We also apply our method to one real-world multi-layer directed network, gaining insightful results.
Achieving the Neel state in an optical lattice
Creators: name: Koetsier, Arnaud
name: Duine, R. A.
name: Bloch, Immanuel
name: Stoof, H. T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically study the possibility of reaching the antiferromagnetic phase of the Hubbard model by starting from a normal gas of trapped fermionic atoms and adiabatically ramping up an optical lattice. Requirements on the initial temperature and the number of atoms are determined for a three dimensional square lattice by evaluating the Neel state entropy, taking into account fluctuations around the mean-field solution. We find that these fluctuations place important limitations on adiabatically reaching the Neel state.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, RevTeX. Revised version incorporates minor corrections. Journal reference added