cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phase-field modeling of fracture for quasi-brittle materials
Creators: name: Ulloa, Jacinto
name: Rodríguez, Patricio
name: Samaniego, Cristóbal
name: Samaniego, Esteban
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Elasticity (economics)
subject: Statistical physics
subject: Finite element method
subject: Brittleness
subject: Computer science
subject: Computational mechanics
subject: Discretization
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: This paper addresses the modeling of fracture in quasi-brittle materials using a phase-field approach to the description of crack topology. Within the computational mechanics community, several studies have treated the issue of modeling fracture using phase fields. Most of these studies have used an approach that implies the lack of a damage threshold. We herein explore an alternative model that includes a damage threshold and study how it compares with the most popular approach. The formulation is systematically explained within a rigorous variational framework. Subsequently, we present the corresponding three-dimensional finite element discretization that leads to a straightforward numerical implementation. Benchmark simulations in two dimensions and three dimensions are then presented. The results show that while an elastic stage and a damage threshold are ensured by the present model, good agreement with the results reported in the literature can be obtained, where such features are generally absent.
Open questions in QCD at high parton density
Creators: name: Marquet, Cyrille
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present the state of our understanding of the QCD dynamics at play in the parton saturation regime of nuclear wave functions. I explain what are the biggest open questions in the field, their intrinsic interest, but also why is it important to answer them from the quark-gluon-plasma physicists' perspective. Focusing on those aspects that proton-nucleus collisions cannot investigate to a satisfactory degree, I show that future high-energy electron-ion colliders have the potential to address these questions, providing thorough answers in most cases, and exploratory measurements otherwise.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Ultra-Relativistic Nucleus Nucleus Collisions (QM12), Washington DC, USA, August 13-18 2012
Adsorption von CO2, N2O und D2O an MgO(100)-Einkristallspaltflächen : Polarisations-Infrarotspektroskopie, Beugung langsamer Elektronen, Spektren- und Strukturberechnungen
Creators: name: Redlich, Britta
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Surface science
subject: adsorption
subject: physisorption
subject: insular single crystal surfaces
subject: carbon dioxide
subject: nitrous oxide
subject: magnesium oxide
subject: IR-spectroscopy
subject: low energy electron diffraction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: [no abstract]
Phase Transition and Thermal Order-by-Disorder in the Pyrochlore Quantum Antiferromagnet Er2Ti2O7: a High-Temperature Series Expansion Study
Creators: name: Oitmaa, J.
name: Singh, R. R. P.
name: Day, A. G. R.
name: Bagheri, B. V.
name: Gingras, M. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several rare earth magnetic pyrochlore materials are well modeled by a spin-1/2 quantum Hamiltonian with anisotropic exchange parameters Js. For the Er2Ti2O7 material, the Js were recently determined from high-field inelastic neutron scattering measurements. Here, we perform high-temperature (T) series expansions to compute the thermodynamic properties of this material using these Js. Comparison with experimental data show that the model describes the material very well including the finite temperature phase transition to an ordered phase at Tc~1.2 K. We show that high temperature expansions give identical results for different q=0 xy order parameter susceptibilities up to 8th order in β=1/T (presumably to all orders in β). Conversely, a non-linear susceptibility related to the 6th power of the order parameter reveals a thermal order-by-disorder selection of the same non-colinear ψ_2 state as found in Er2Ti2O7.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Dispersive evaluation of the second-class amplitude $τ\toηπν_τ$ in the standard model
Creators: name: Descotes-Genon, S.
name: Kou, E.
name: Moussallam, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reevaluate the two form factors relevant for the $ηπ$ second-class $τ$ decay mode, making systematic use of analyticity, unitarity, combined with updated inputs to the NLO chiral constraints. We focus, in particular, on the shape of the $ρ$ resonance peak which is a background-free signature of a second-class current. Its dispersive construction requires the $ηπ\toππ$ scattering amplitude which we derive from a family of Khuri-Treiman equations solutions constrained with accurate recent results on the $η\to3π$ Dalitz plot.
description: Presented at the 12th International workshop on Tau lepton physics (TAU2012) in Nagoya, Japan
Investigations of the influence of a superimposed oscillation on the fatigue strength
Creators: name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Hübner, Sven
name: Rosenbusch, Daniel.
name: Müller, Philipp
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fatigue strength
subject: Pre-strain
subject: Superimposed oscillation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Within the scope of the transregional collaborative research centre TCRC73, the effects of an oscillation superimposed forming process for the production of a demonstrator component are investigated. Previous studies in this field were limited to a consideration of the process-related parameters such as the influence of the plastic work and the friction or the component-related parameters such as the influence of the surface quality and the mold filling. This research concentrates on the consideration of the mechanical vibration resistance of components that were manufactured superimposed oscillated. For this purpose, W√∂hler tests are conducted in which the fatigue strength of superimposed oscillation pre-stretched test samples and oscillation-free pre-stretched test samples are investigated. First, W√∂hler curves are generated in the tensile threshold range for tensile samples made out of the steels DC04 and DP600. Subsequently, tensile specimens are pre-stretched superimposed oscillated and oscillation-free. These specimens are subjected to a tensile threshold load until they break. The influence of the superimposed oscillation forming on the long-term fatigue of components is derived from the comparison of the bearable load cycles. Investigations of the microstructure of the specimens are conducted in order to draw conclusions about the influence on the long-term strength. ¬© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Black-hole masses of type 1 AGN in the XMM-Newton bright serendipitous survey
Creators: name: Caccianiga, A.
name: Fanali, R.
name: Severgnini, P.
name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Marchese, E.
name: Mateos, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive masses of the central super-massive black hole (SMBH) and accretion rates for 154 type1 AGN belonging to a well-defined X-ray-selected sample, the XMM-Newton Serendipitous Sample (XBS). To this end, we use the most recent "single-epoch" relations, based on Hbeta and MgII2798A emission lines, to derive the SMBH masses. We then use the bolometric luminosities, computed on the basis of an SED-fitting procedure, to calculate the accretion rates, both absolute and normalized to the Eddington luminosity (Eddington ratio). The selected AGNs cover a range of masses from 10^7 to 10^10 Msun with a peak around 8x10^8 Msun and a range of accretion rates from 0.01 to ~50 Msun/year (assuming an efficiency of 0.1), with a peak at ~1 Msun/year. The values of Eddington ratio range from 0.001 to ~0.5 and peak at 0.1.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Production-related surface and subsurface properties and fatigue life of hybrid roller bearing components
Creators: name: Breidenstein, Bernd
name: Denkena, Berend
name: Krödel, Alexander
name: Prasanthan, Vannila
name: Poll, Gerhard
name: Pape, Florian
name: Coors, Timm
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Bearing fatigue life
subject: Hybrid bearing
subject: Residual stresses
subject: Rolling contact fatigue
subject: Tailored forming
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: By combining different materials, for example, high-strength steel and unalloyed structural steel, hybrid components with specifically adapted properties to a certain application can be realized. The mechanical processing, required for production, influences the subsurface properties, which have a deep impact on the lifespan of solid components. However, the influence of machining-induced subsurface properties on the operating behavior of hybrid components with a material transition in axial direction has not been investigated. Therefore, friction-welded hybrid shafts were machined with different process parameters for hard-turning and subsequent deep rolling. After machining, subsurface properties such as residual stresses, microstructures, and hardness of the machined components were analyzed. Significant influencing parameters on surface and subsurface properties identified in analogy experiments are the cutting-edge microgeometry, S, and the feed, f, during turning. The deep-rolling overlap, u, hardly changes the residual stress depth profile, but it influences the surface roughness strongly. Experimental tests to determine fatigue life under combined rolling and rotating bending stress were carried out. Residual stresses of up to ‚àí1000 MPa, at a depth of 200 ¬µm, increased the durability regarding rolling-contact fatigue by 22%, compared to the hard-turned samples. The material transition was not critical for failure. ¬© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Investigations on tailored forming of aisi 52100 as rolling bearing raceway
Creators: name: Coors, Timm
name: Mildebrath, Maximilian
name: Büdenbender, Christoph
name: Saure, Felix
name: Faqiri, Mohamad Yusuf
name: Kahra, Christoph
name: Prasanthan, Vannila
name: Chugreeva, Anna
name: Matthias, Tim
name: Budde, Laura
name: Pape, Florian
name: Nürnberger, Florian
name: Hassel, Thomas
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
name: Breidenstein, Berd
name: Denkena, Berend
name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Maier, Hans Jürgen
name: Poll, Gerhard
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: AISI 52100
subject: Bearing fatigue life
subject: Hybrid bearing
subject: Plasma transferred arc welding
subject: Residual stress
subject: Scanning acoustic microscopy
subject: Tailored forming
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Hybrid cylindrical roller thrust bearing washers of type 81212 were manufactured by tailored forming. An AISI 1022M base material, featuring a sufficient strength for structural loads, was cladded with the bearing steel AISI 52100 by plasma transferred arc welding (PTA). Though AISI 52100 is generally regarded as non-weldable, it could be applied as a cladding material by adjusting PTA parameters. The cladded parts were investigated after each individual process step and subsequently tested under rolling contact load. Welding defects that could not be completely eliminated by the subsequent hot forming were characterized by means of scanning acoustic microscopy and micrographs. Below the surface, pores with a typical size of ten ¬µm were found to a depth of about 0.45 mm. In the material transition zone and between individual weld seams, larger voids were observed. Grinding of the surface after heat treatment caused compressive residual stresses near the surface with a relatively small depth. Fatigue tests were carried out on an FE8 test rig. Eighty-two percent of the calculated rating life for conventional bearings was achieved. A high failure slope of the Weibull regression was determined. A relationship between the weld defects and the fatigue behavior is likely. ¬© 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Reduction of gas bubbles and improved critical current density in Bi-2212 round wire by swaging
Creators: name: Jiang, Jianyi
name: Miao, Hanping
name: Huang, Yibing
name: Hong, Seung
name: Parrell, Jeff A.
name: Scheuerlein, Christian
name: Di Michiel, Marco
name: Ghosh, Arup K.
name: Trociewitz, Ulf P.
name: Hellstrom, Eric E.
name: Larbalestier, David C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bi-2212 round wire is made by the powder-in-tube technique. An unavoidable property of powder-in-tube conductors is that there is about 30% void space in the as-drawn wire. We have recently shown that the gas present in the as-drawn Bi-2212 wire agglomerates into large bubbles and that they are presently the most deleterious current limiting mechanism. By densifying short 2212 wires before reaction through cold isostatic pressing (CIPping), the void space was almost removed and the gas bubble density was reduced significantly, resulting in a doubled engineering critical current density (JE) of 810 A/mm2 at 5 T, 4.2 K. Here we report on densifying Bi-2212 wire by swaging, which increased JE (4.2 K, 5 T) from 486 A/mm2 for as-drawn wire to 808 A/mm2 for swaged wire. This result further confirms that enhancing the filament packing density is of great importance for making major JE improvement in this round-wire magnet conductor.
description: To be published in IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 23, xxxxxx (2013)
title: Energy balance during treated acute respiratory exacerbation in cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Ralston, Judith Mary
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1998

description: Prior to the present study, there was a widespread perception that acute respiratory exacerbations result in negative energy balance, which leads to undernutrition in Cystic Fibrosis (CF). This study was the first of its kind to characterise the energy balance of subjects with CF, through the simultaneous measurement of all the components of energy balance in each child: energy intake (Ei); resting metabolic rate (RMR); total energy expenditure (TEE) and faecal energy losses (Ei), together with changes in body composition during a period of treated acute respiratory exacerbation, and a 'well', clinically infection free, period. The overall aims of this study were to (i) describe energy balance in a group of children and adolescents suffering from CF with a range of respiratory disease during a treated acute respiratory exacerbation, and (ii) to determine which component(s) of the energy balance equation underwent change during the treated acute respiratory exacerbation. No noticeable effect of acute exacerbation on RMR was apparent, and while TEE was lower during the acute exacerbation, this change did not reach statistical significance. Furthermore the absence of any significant changes in the body weight and composition of the group suggests no evidence of marked negative energy balance during the treated respiratory exacerbation. Treated acute respiratory exacerbations appear now to represent less of a challenge to energy balance in CF than was previously thought. No marked negative energy balance was observed during the acute exacerbation. The findings are consistent with very recent studies which report that children with CF do not experience negative energy balance during acute respiratory exacerbations, irrespective of whether that subject is treated at home (Vic et al 1997), or within the hospital setting (Stallings et al 1998). It would appear that for certain children with CF, issues surrounding compliance with dietary treatment and pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy (PERT) may be regarded as more relevant factors in the maintenance of positive energy balance than acute respiratory exacerbation. To conclude, this study did not support the view that a treated acute respiratory exacerbation results in negative energy balance in children with CF. However it is possible that an acute exacerbation may be more important to energy balance in older subjects with more severe lung disease. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
Minimum length path decompositions
Creators: name: Dereniowski, Dariusz
name: Kubiak, Wieslaw
name: Zwols, Yori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68Q25, 05C85, 68R10

description: We consider a bi-criteria generalization of the pathwidth problem, where, for given integers $k,l$ and a graph $G$, we ask whether there exists a path decomposition $\cP$ of $G$ such that the width of $\cP$ is at most $k$ and the number of bags in $\cP$, i.e., the \emph{length} of $\cP$, is at most $l$. We provide a complete complexity classification of the problem in terms of $k$ and $l$ for general graphs. Contrary to the original pathwidth problem, which is fixed-parameter tractable with respect to $k$, we prove that the generalized problem is NP-complete for any fixed $k\geq 4$, and is also NP-complete for any fixed $l\geq 2$. On the other hand, we give a polynomial-time algorithm that, for any (possibly disconnected) graph $G$ and integers $k\leq 3$ and $l>0$, constructs a path decomposition of width at most $k$ and length at most $l$, if any exists. As a by-product, we obtain an almost complete classification of the problem in terms of $k$ and $l$ for connected graphs. Namely, the problem is NP-complete for any fixed $k\geq 5$ and it is polynomial-time for any $k\leq 3$. This leaves open the case $k=4$ for connected graphs.
description: Work presented at the 5th Workshop on GRAph Searching, Theory and Applications (GRASTA 2012), Banff International Research Station, Banff, AB, Canada
title: Frauen- und Gleichstellungspolitik im UF Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung
Creators: name: Vesely, Benedikt
Year: 2023

description: Das Hauptziel dieser Masterarbeit ist die Analyse der fünf meistverkauften Schulbücher in Österreich. Diese sollen auf das Vorkommen und die Thematisierung der ersten Frauenministerin Johanna Dohnal und ihrer durchgesetzten Reformen bezüglich der Gleichberechtigung zwischen Frauen und Männern untersucht werden. Das Thema spiegelt sich im Punkt „Frauen- und Gleichstellungspolitik“ aus dem AHS-Oberstufenlehrplan der 7. Klasse des Unterrichtsfaches Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung wider. Die Forschungsfrage lautet wie folgt: „Wie werden die Ideen und Forderungen der ersten Frauenministerin Johanna Dohnal beim Themenbereich „Frauen- und Gleichstellungspolitik“ (Lehrplan AHS-Oberstufe, 7. Klasse, UF Geschichte, Sozialkunde und Politische Bildung) in österreichischen Geschichteschulbüchern dargestellt?“ Um die Frage zu beantworten, findet im ersten Teil eine Literaturrecherche statt, welche die politischen Ideen und Forderungen sowie die Reformen unter Johanna Dohnal beleuchten. Daraus entstehen die Analysekriterien für die Schulbuchforschung, welche mit einer Diskursanalyse durchgeführt wird. Die Analyse konzentriert sich auf den Inhalt und der Behandlung der Thematik in den Schulbüchern. Das Ergebnis zeigt, dass der Punkt „Frauen- und Gleichstellungspolitik“ in den österreichischen Schulbüchern unterrepräsentiert ist und die Reformen unter Johanna Dohnal kaum bis gar nicht vorkommen. Aus diesem Grund ist ein eigens formulierter Schulbucheintrag angefügt, welcher als Vorlage für Verlage gesehen werden kann.
title: Notices sur des armes et chariots de guerre découverts à Tiefenau, près de Berne en 1851, par G. de Bostetten, Lausanne 1852
Creators: name: Jahn, Albert
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Notices sur des armes et chariots de guerre découverts à Tiefenau, près de Berne en 1851, par G. de Bostetten. Lausanne, imprimerie de S. Genton, Luquiens et Comp. 1852 4. fünf Seiten Text nebst neun lithographirten Tafeln in Querfolio (in Commission bei Huber und Comp. in Bern).
Lateral angular co-extrusion: Geometrical and mechanical properties of compound profiles
Creators: name: Thürer, Susanne Elisabeth
name: Peddinghaus, Julius
name: Heimes, Norman
name: Bayram, Ferdi Caner
name: Bal, Burak
name: Uhe, Johanna
name: Behrens, Bernd-Arno
name: Maier, Hans Jürgen
name: Klose, Christian
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI AG
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hybrid metal components
subject: Lateral angular co-extrusion
subject: Mechanical behavior
subject: Tailored forming
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: A novel co-extrusion process for the production of coaxially reinforced hollow profiles has been developed. Using this process, hybrid hollow profiles made of the aluminum alloy EN AW-6082 and the case-hardening steel 20MnCr5 (AISI 5120) were produced, which can be forged into hybrid bearing bushings by subsequent die forging. For the purpose of co-extrusion, a modular tooling concept was developed where steel tubes made of 20MnCr5 are fed laterally into the tool. This LACE (lateral angular co-extrusion) process allows for a variation of the volume fraction of the reinforcement by using steel tubes with different wall thicknesses, which enabled the production of compound profiles having reinforcement contents of either 14 vol.% or 34 vol.%. The shear strength of the bonding area of these samples was determined in push-out tests. Additionally, mechanical testing of segments of the hybrid profiles using shear compression tests was employed to provide information about the influence of different bonding mechanisms on the strength of the composite zone. ¬© 2020, MDPI AG. All rights reserved.
GRO J1008-57: an (almost) predictable transient X-ray binary
Creators: name: Kühnel, M.
name: Müller, S.
name: Kreykenbohm, I.
name: Fürst, F.
name: Pottschmidt, K.
name: Rothschild, R. E.
name: Caballero, I.
name: Grinberg, V.
name: Schönherr, G.
name: Shrader, C.
name: Klochkov, D.
name: Staubert, R.
name: Ferrigno, C.
name: Torrejón, J. -M.
name: Martínez-Núñez, S.
name: Wilms, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of archival RXTE, Swift, and Suzaku pointed observations of the transient high mass X-ray binary GRO J1008-57 is presented. A new orbital ephemeris based on pulse arrival timing shows times of maximum luminosities during outbursts of GRO J1008-57 to be close to periastron at orbital phase -0.03. This makes the source one of a few for which outburst dates can be predicted with very high precision. Spectra of the source in 2005, 2007, and 2011 can be well described by a simple power law with high energy cutoff and an additional black body at lower energies. The photon index of the power law and the black body flux only depend on the 15-50 keV source flux. No apparent hysteresis effects are seen. These correlations allow to predict the evolution of the pulsar's X-ray spectral shape over all outbursts as a function of just one parameter, the source's flux. If modified by an additional soft component, this prediction even holds during GRO J1008-57's 2012 type II outburst.
description: A&A accepted on 13 May 2013, 15 pages, 16 figures
The Pro-\'Etale Topos as a Category of Pyknotic Presheaves
Creators: name: Wolf, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Mathematiker-Vereinigung
Year: 2022

description: In this paper we will show that for a quasicompact quasiseparated scheme $X$ the hypercomplete pro-\'etale $\infty$-topos, as introduced by Bhatt and Scholze, is equivalent to the $ \infty $-category of continuous representations of the Galois category Gal$(X)$ of $X$ with values in the $\infty$-category of pyknotic spaces. In particular this proves that internally to pyknotic spaces, the hypercomplete pro-\'etale $\infty$-topos of $X$ is an $ \infty $-category of presheaves.
description: DOCUMENTA MATHEMATICA, Vol 27 (2022), p. 2067-2106
Automation of a test bench for accessing the bendability of electrospun vascular grafts
Creators: name: Bensch, Martin
name: Müller, Marc
name: Bode, Michael
name: Glasmacher, Birgit
Publisher: name: Berlin : Walter de Gruyter
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bendability
subject: Biodegradable polymers
subject: Electrospinning
subject: Test bench
subject: Tissue engineering
subject: Vascular grafts
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: One of the greatest challenges in cardiovascular tissue engineering is to develop vascular grafts with properties similar to autologous vessels. A promising approach is the fabrication of scaffolds from biodegradable polymers by electrospinning. Unstructured vascular subs possess a weak dimensional stability resulting in lumen collapse when subjected to bending stress. In order to examine different structured grafts, a standardised test method is required. A manual test method, designed in a former study, was adopted in terms of standardisation and automation. Therefore, a control system was programmed to regulate the required electronics. The electronic circuit was then developed and put into service. To fix samples into the test bench a new sample holder and a new collector for electrospinning were designed. Subsequently, a validation showed the new systems' improved functionality compared to the former test bench. The samples were manufactured with the new collector. They could be fixed to the sample holder with high repeatability. The demand for vascular grafts with biological and mechanical properties similar to autologous vessels requires a standardised test method to examine bendability. The new test system enables the scaffolds to be examined regarding bendability with low personal expense and a simultaneously high degree of reproducibility. In addition, the new collector geometry can be easily adapted to higher or lower inner diameters. Hence, a new sample geometry was developed within this work.
Laval nozzle as an acoustic analogue of a massive field
Creators: name: Cuyubamba, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a gas flow in the Laval nozzle, which is a convergent-divergent tube that has a sonic point in its throat. We show how to obtain the appropriate form of the tube, so that the acoustic perturbations of the gas flow in it satisfy any given wavelike equation. With the help of the proposed method we find the Laval nozzle, which is an acoustic analogue of the massive scalar field in the background of the Schwarzschild black hole. This gives us a possibility to observe in a laboratory the quasinormal ringing of the massive scalar field, which, for special set of the parameters, can have infinitely long-living oscillations in its spectrum.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
C-ITS - Road infrastructure for connected cooperative automated driving
Creators: name: Wimmer, Yannick
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: C-ITS SERVICES
C-ITS
Cooperative Systems
WLANp
Connected Vehicles

description: Cooperative Intelligent Transport Systems C-ITS WLAN-based radio system for the exchange of safety-relevant information between vehicles and the road (e.g. accident report, traffic jam, breakdown, natural events, etc.)
title: Sitten und Sagen, Lieder, Sprichwörter und Räthsel des Eilfler Volkes, Herausgegeben von J. H. Schmitz, Trier 1856 / Zur Deutschen Thiersage, von Jos. Hartrich, Kronstadt 1855
Creators: name: Simrock, Karl
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Sitten und Sagen, Lieder, Sprichwörter und Räthsel des Eilfler Volkes nebst einem Idiotikon. Herausgegeben von J. H. Schmitz. Mit einer Nachrede von K. Simrock. Das erste Heft auch unter dem Titel: Sitten und Bräuche, Lieder, Sprichwörter und Räthsel etc. Trier. Lintzsche Buchhandlung. 1856. Rezension zu: Zur Deutschen Thiersage, von Professor Jos. Hartrich. Programm des Gymnasiums in Schätzburg in Siebenbürgen. Kronstadt bei Joh., Gött. 1855.
Autonomous Modular Process Monitoring
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Dahlmann, Dominik
name: Neff, Thomas
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Process Monitoring
subject: Process Segmentation
subject: Economic Production
subject: Manageability
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Process monitoring is essential to detect process disturbances systematically in cutting machining processes. Hence, it can contribute significantly to process safety and thus to automatized production. Many different monitoring strategies have been developed and successfully tested. However, they usually require some manual parametrization effort by the machine operator and can be difficult to use. Furthermore, they usually focus on very specific process conditions. Therefore, an innovative modular autonomous monitoring system is being developed, which can monitor machining processes in single-item and series production and reduces parametrization effort for the operator to a minimum, thus, focusing on manageability of the system.
Velocities and Linewidths in the Network and Cell Interiors of a Polar Coronal Hole, Compared with Quiet Sun
Creators: name: Raju, K. P.
name: Bromage, B. J. I
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relative Doppler velocities and linewidths in a polar coronal hole and the nearby quiet-Sun region have been obtained from the {\it Solar and Heliospheric Observatory} (SOHO)/{\it Coronal Diagnostic Spectrometer} (CDS) observations using emission lines originating at different heights in the solar atmosphere from the lower transition region (TR) to the low solar corona. The observed region is separated into the network and the cell interior and the behavior of the above parameters were examined in the different regions. It has been found that the histograms of Doppler velocity and width are generally broader in the cell interior as compared to the network. The histograms of Doppler velocities of the network and cell interior do not show significant difference in most cases. However, in the case of the quiet Sun, the Doppler velocities of the cell interior are more blueshifted than those of the network for the lowermost line He {\sc ii} 304 Å, and an opposite behavior is seen for the uppermost line Mg {\sc ix} 368 Å. The histograms of line width show that the network--cell difference is more prominent in the coronal hole. The network has significantly larger linewidth than the cell interior for the lowermost TR line He {\sc ii} 304 Å for the quiet Sun. For coronal hole, this is true for the three lower TR lines He {\sc ii} 304 Å, O {\sc iii} 599 Å, and O {\sc v} 630 Å. Also obtained are the correlations between the relative Doppler velocity and the width. A mild positive correlation is found for the lowermost transition region line He {\sc ii} 304 Å which further decreases or become insignificant for the intermediate lines. For the low coronal line, Mg {\sc ix} 368 Å, the correlation becomes strongly negative.
Anomalies in a waterlike model confined between plates
Creators: name: Krott, Leandro Batirolla
name: Barbosa, Marcia Cristina Bernardes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using molecular dynamic simulations we study a waterlike model confined between two fixed hydrophobic plates. The system is tested for density, diffusion and structural anomalous behavior and compared with the bulk results. Within the range of confining distances we had explored we observe that in the pressure-temperature phase diagram the temperature of maximum density (TMD line), the temperature of maximum and minimum diffusion occur at lower temperatures when compared with the bulk values. For distances between the two layers below a certain threshold ,$d\le d_c$, only two layers of particles are formed, for $d\ge d_c$ three or more layers are formed. In the case of three layers the central layer stays liquid while the contact layers crystallize. This result is in agreement with simulations for atomistic models.
Black Women's United Front Meeting. Detroit, Michigan
Creators: name: (:Unav)
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Black power
Feminism
Anti-imperialist movements
Socialism
African American women

description: Local reports and discussions, programs and resolutions, elections. Speakers include Tamar, Jaribu, Asina, Lynette Brown, Amina Baraka, Dalelia, Laini, Tamanika, Mary, Makini, Loreen Green, Linda Williams, and Howard Stevens
Approaches for improving cutting processes and machine too in re-contouring
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Boess, V.
name: Nespor, D.
name: Rust, F.
name: Floeter, F.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Machine tool
subject: Process simulation
subject: Re-contouring
subject: Aircraft engines
subject: Fighter aircraft
subject: Repair
subject: Cutting tools
subject: Advanced process
subject: Aircraft engine blades
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: Geometrical accuracy
subject: Machine tool technology
subject: Machined surface
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Re-contouring in the repair process of aircraft engine blades and vanes is a crucial task. Highest demands are made on the geometrical accuracy as well as on the machined surface of the part. Complexity rises even more due to the unique part characteristic originating from the operation and repair history. This requires well-designed processes and machine tool technologies. In this paper, approaches for coping with these challenges and improving the re-contouring process are described and discussed. This includes an advanced process simulation with its capabilities to accurately depict different material areas and predict process forces. Beyond, experimental investigations on workpiece-tooldeflection are presented. Finally, a machine tool prototype with a novel electromagnetic guiding system is introduced and the benefits of this technology in the field of repair are outlined.
Design and Optimisation of an Electromagnetic Linear Guide for Ultra-Precision High Performance Cutting
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Dahlmann, Dominik
name: Krueger, R.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High performance cutting
subject: Magnetic guide
subject: Ultra-precision machining
subject: Precision engineering
subject: Machine technology
subject: Magnet configurations
subject: Primary and secondary processing
subject: Process requirements
subject: Production industries
subject: Stiffness and damping
subject: Ultraprecision machining
subject: Micromachining
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Ultra-precision machining is rarely used in the production industry due to high costs as a consequence of disproportionally long primary and secondary processing times. In this context, the implementation of innovative machine technologies presents a suitable approach to increase productivity and reduce manufacturing costs. This paper introduces the implementation of an electromagnetic linear guide within a two-axis positioning stage for ultra-precision and micro machining. Using analytical models and FEM simulations, an optimised design for the guide's structure and magnet configuration is developed with regard to the intended application in ultra-precision high performance cutting. The new guide system provides frictionless operation for rapid and precise feed movements. Stiffness and damping of the electromagnetic guide can be adjusted to current process requirements. Fine positioning of the levitating carriage within the air gap enables an increase of the overall position accuracy.
Cutting and Welding of High-Strength Steels Using Non-Vacuum Electron Beam as a Universal Tool for Material Processing
Creators: name: Hassel, Thomas
name: Murray, Nils
name: Klimov, Georgii
name: Beniyash, Alexander
Publisher: name: Delaware : Scientific Research Publishing Inc.
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Welding
subject: High-Strength Steels
subject: Non-Vacuum Electron Beam Welding
subject: Non-Vacuum Electron Beam Cutting
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Using a non-vacuum electron beam, a two-step process chain for plate materials is a feasible possibility. Cutting and welding can be performed in subsequent steps on the same machine for a highly productive process chain. The electron beam is a tool with high energy conversion efficiency, which is largely independent of the type of metal. Its high power density qualifies the non-vacuum electron beam as an outstanding energy source for the well-known NVEB welding as well as for high-speed cutting. Welding is possible with or without filler wire or shielding gas, depending on the application. The NVEB-cutting process employs a co-moving cutting head with a sliding seal for extremely high cutting speeds producing high quality edges. Due to direct removal of fumes and dust, NVEBC with local suction is an exceptionally clean and fast process. The NVEB welding process is possible directly after cutting, without further edge preparation. The potential directions of development of non-vacuum electron beam technologies are discussed. An exemplary two-step process chain using high-strength steel is presented to highlight possible application in industries such as general steel construction, automotive, shipbuilding, railway vehicle or crane construction. An analysis of the mechanical properties of the resulting weld seam is presented.
Time-evolution of excitations in normal Fermi liquids
Creators: name: Pavlyukh, Y.
name: Rubio, A.
name: Berakdar, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We inspect the initial and the long time evolution of excitations a Fermi liquids by analyzing the time behavior of the electron spectral function. Focusing on the short-time limit we study the electron-boson model for the homogenous electron gas and apply the first order (in boson propagator) cumulant expansion of the electron Green's function. In addition to a quadratic decay in time upon triggering the excitation, we identify non-analytic terms in the time expansion similar to those found in the Fermi edge singularity phenomenon. We also demonstrate that the exponential decay in time in the long-time limit is inconsistent with the GW approximation for the self-energy. The background for this is the Paley-Wiener theorem of complex analysis. To reconcile with the Fermi liquid behavior an inclusion of higher order diagrams (in the screened Coulomb interaction) is required.
An Active Damping Method for Chatter Vibration in Plunge Grinding Using Electromagnetic Actuators
Creators: name: Ahrens, M.
name: Dagen, M.
name: Denkena, Berend
name: Ortmaier, Tobias
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Grinding
subject: Modelling
subject: Monitoring
subject: Regenerative Chatter
subject: Actuators
subject: Cutting tools
subject: Grinding (machining)
subject: Grinding wheels
subject: Magnetic actuators
subject: Models
subject: Vibrations (mechanical)
subject: Wheels
subject: Active vibration controls
subject: Chatter vibrations
subject: Conventional grinding wheel
subject: Cylindrical plunge grinding
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Using conventional grinding wheels, self-excited vibrations are one of the most limiting factors in terms of productivity and process stability in cylindrical plunge grinding. Depending on the dynamic behavior of the workpiece and machine, workpiece vibration copy on the grinding wheel's surface, caused by uneven wear. This results in increasing waviness and, therefore, increasing workpiece vibration. In this context, an active vibration control, using a self-built magnetic actuator to influence the tool wear, is presented. The limits and possibilities of this influence are examined in this paper, i. e. the generation and reduction of waves on the grinding wheel. Furthermore, the prevention of chatter vibration and its robustness against parameter variation is analyzed and presented.
Generalized Iterative Annealing Model for the action of RNA chaperones
Creators: name: Hyeon, Changbong
name: Thirumalai, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a consequence of the rugged landscape of RNA molecules their folding is described by the kinetic partitioning mechanism according to which only a small fraction ($ϕ_F$) reaches the folded state while the remaining fraction of molecules is kinetically trapped in misfolded intermediates. The transition from the misfolded states to the native state can far exceed biologically relevant time. Thus, RNA folding in vivo is often aided by protein cofactors, called RNA chaperones, that can rescue RNAs from a multitude of misfolded structures. We consider two models, based on chemical kinetics and chemical master equation, for describing assisted folding. In the passive model, applicable for class I substrates, transient interactions of misfolded structures with RNA chaperones alone are sufficient to destabilize the misfolded structures, thus entropically lowering the barrier to folding. For this mechanism to be efficient the intermediate ribonucleoprotein (RNP) complex between collapsed RNA and protein cofactor should have optimal stability. We also introduce an active model (suitable for stringent substrates with small $ϕ_F$), which accounts for the recent experimental findings on the action of CYT-19 on the group I intron ribozyme, showing that RNA chaperones does not discriminate between the misfolded and the native states. In the active model, the RNA chaperone system utilizes chemical energy of ATP hydrolysis to repeatedly bind and release misfolded and folded RNAs, resulting in substantial increase of yield of the native state. The theory outlined here shows, in accord with experiments, that in the steady state the native state does not form with unit probability.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures
Min- and Max-Entropy in Infinite Dimensions
Creators: name: Furrer, Fabian
name: Aberg, Johan
name: Renner, Renato
Publisher: name: Bristol : Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Hilbert spaces
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We consider an extension of the conditional min- and max-entropies to infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert spaces. We show that these satisfy characterizing properties known from the finite-dimensional case, and retain information-theoretic operational interpretations, e. g., the min-entropy as maximum achievable quantum correlation, and the max-entropy as decoupling accuracy. We furthermore generalize the smoothed versions of these entropies and prove an infinite-dimensional quantum asymptotic equipartition property. To facilitate these generalizations we show that the min- and max-entropy can be expressed in terms of convergent sequences of finite-dimensional min- and max-entropies, which provides a convenient technique to extend proofs from the finite to the infinite-dimensional setting.
Spatial implications of digitization: State of the field and research agenda
Creators: name: Haefner, Lukas
name: Sternberg, Rolf
Publisher: name: Oxford : Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: digital competencies
subject: digital entrepreneurship
subject: digital innovation
subject: digital transformation
subject: digitization
subject: lagging regions
subject: spatial inequality
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen

description: Digitization is an influential megatrend that is quickly and comprehensively transforming economic spaces worldwide. Its disruptive power has not yet been fully developed but, despite a lack of topical empirical or theoretical research, it nevertheless seems clear that it will significantly affect the economic order within and between economic spaces and places. Currently, digitization is high on the policy agenda in many countries. Several related programs and initiatives combine expansion and improvement of digital infrastructure with efforts to reduce spatial economic inequality and to facilitate a general catch-up process for lagging (often rural) regions. However, the idea that digitization can reduce spatial inequality remains highly controversial. This study aims to focus on the economic geography implications of digitization and to enrich the existing literature in two ways. First, the study overviews the state of research on the spatial consequences of digitization. Deploying a comprehensive literature review, this section discusses the primary theoretical and empirical results from two contradictory narratives on the ability of digitization to reinforce the death of distance and thus reduce spatial inequality. Second, we develop a research agenda concerning select fields of research that could appropriately be addressed in the future by economic geographers. These fields include spatial economic digitization effects, digital competencies, entrepreneurial activities, and innovation activities in both urban and rural regions. Closing the research gaps would contribute to the development of much-needed policy measures. ¬© 2020 The Authors. Geography Compass published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
title: Elisabeth Schiemann, Entstehung der Kulturpflanzen
Creators: name: Netolitzky, Fritz
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Elisabeth Schiemann, Entstehung der Kulturpflanzen. (Handbuch der Vererbungswissenschaft Bd. 3.) Berlin, Bornträger, 1932. 315 S., 96 Abb.
Optical generation of vortices in trapped Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Dobrek, Ł.
name: Gajda, M.
name: Lewenstein, M.
name: Sengstock, K.
name: Birkl, G.
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: American Physical Society
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: BECs
subject: vortex detection
subject: interference
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We demonstrate numerically the efficient generation of vortices in Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs) by using a “phase imprinting” method. The method consists of passing a far-off-resonant laser pulse through an absorption plate with an azimuthally dependent absorption coefficient, imaging the laser beam onto a BEC, and thus creating the corresponding nondissipative Stark-shift potential and condensate phase shift. In our calculations we take into account experimental imperfections. We also propose an interference method to detect vortices by coherently pushing part of the condensate using optically induced Bragg scattering. © 1999 The American Physical Society.