cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combining knowledge bases for small wins in peripheral regions. An analysis of the role of innovation intermediaries in sustainability transitions
Creators: name: Friedrich, Christoph
name: Feser, Daniel
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: D02
subject: D80
subject: Innovation intermediation
subject: Knowledge bases
subject: Knowledge transfer
subject: O12
subject: P48
subject: Q56
subject: R11
subject: Small wins
subject: Sustainability transition
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie::910 | Geografie, Reisen

description: A growing number of economic geography scholars have discussed the spatial dimensions of sustainability transitions (STs), which entail radical changes in socio-technical systems to overcome societal, economic, and ecological problems. This involves innovation processes with a broad range of distinctive actors. Innovation intermediaries, such as universities and research institutes, are needed to support and accelerate the transfer of knowledge. Nevertheless, little is known about the influence of such actors on the configuration of the knowledge bases required for STs. This article presents insights from 14 semi-structured interviews with experts conducted in a regional innovation system (RIS) in East Germany. In cooperation with the Eberswalde University for Sustainable Development, we investigate four innovation intermediaries in the region of Eberswalde. The analytical framework links the concept of differentiated knowledge bases to small wins. Our results show that, first, in the Eberswalde region, the relevant actors involved in regional knowledge transfer focus predominantly on synthetic knowledge bases, such as experience-based knowledge of local area settings. Second, symbolic knowledge bases are crucial and often prerequisites for intermediary organizations to recombine knowledge bases and support the capability to innovate in regional knowledge transfer. Symbolic knowledge entails the ability to translate scientific findings to a language that can be understood by the various actors in knowledge transfer. Third, changes in organizational structures complement changes in cultural–cognitive and normative institutions to support innovation on a systemic level and foster change processes.
The touristic transformation of postcolonial states: human zoos, global tourism competition, and the emergence of zoo-managing states
Creators: name: Becklake, Sarah
name: Wynne-Hughes, Elisa
Publisher: name: London [u.a.] : Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: coloniality
subject: Global South
subject: governance
subject: human zoos
subject: mobilities
subject: postcolonial states
subject: Tourism competition
subject: zoo-managing states
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::380 | Handel, Kommunikation, Verkehr

description: Tourism is transforming states. Nevertheless, how, in what ways, and with what consequences has yet to be adequately theorised and interrogated. This paper takes up this task by asking: How does tourism govern and transform states? And, what does this mean for places and people? Tourism is a global mobilities system with immense power. While this system is capable of governing and transforming all states, it has particular resonance in postcolonial states. Due to their historically constructed economic dependency on international tourism, postcolonial states are increasingly conceptualising, representing, and governing their territory/citizenry as desirable/safe ‘tourism destinations’ and ‘touristic figures’ for international—primarily white Western—tourists. This, we argue, is indicative of postcolonial states enacting a mode of governance that harks back to the colonial practice of human zoos and, thus, that they are acting as competitive ‘zoo-managers’. Through theorising and interrogating this touristic state transformation we reveal the continued coloniality of postcolonial states and how this is being experienced, negotiated, and resisted by citizens.
Hadronic vacuum polarization contributions to the muon $g$-2 in the space-like region
Creators: name: Balzani, Elisa
name: Laporta, Stefano
name: Passera, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present simple analytic expressions to compute the hadronic vacuum polarization contribution to the muon $g$-2 in the space-like region up to next-to-next-to-leading order. These results can be employed in lattice QCD calculations of this contribution as well as in space-like determinations based on scattering data, like that expected from the proposed MUonE experiment at CERN.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures. v2: NNLO results presented. v3: minor changes
Search for Muonic Atoms at RHIC
Creators: name: Xin, Kefeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the search results for muonic atoms on $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=200$ GeV Au+Au collisions collected by the STAR experiment at RHIC. With the muon identification at low momentum, the invariant mass spectra were reconstructed. Clear signals are observed at the expected atom masses. Two particle correlations show that the production of the daughter particles happens at the same space-time point, presenting the signature of atom ionization. The fraction of primordial muons is extracted from $π$-$μ$ correlations.
description: Proceedings for International Conference on Particles and Nuclei (PANIC 14)
Building Late-Type Spiral Galaxies by In-Situ and Ex-Situ Star Formation
Creators: name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Madau, Piero
name: Mayer, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the formation and evolution of the stellar components in "Eris", a 120 pc-resolution cosmological hydrodynamic simulation of a late-type spiral galaxy. The simulation includes the effects of a uniform UV background, a delayed-radiative-cooling scheme for supernova feedback, and a star formation recipe based on a high gas density threshold. It allows a detailed study of the relative contributions of "in-situ" (within the main host) and "ex-situ" (within satellite galaxies) star formation to each major Galactic component in a close Milky Way analog. We investigate these two star-formation channels as a function of galactocentric distance, along different lines of sight above and along the disk plane, and as a function of cosmic time. We find that: 1) approximately 70 percent of today's stars formed in-situ; 2) more than two thirds of the ex-situ stars formed within satellites after infall; 3) the majority of ex-situ stars are found today in the disk and in the bulge; 4) the stellar halo is dominated by ex-situ stars, whereas in-situ stars dominate the mass profile at distances < 5 kpc from the center at high latitudes; and 5) approximately 25% of the inner, r < 20 kpc, halo is composed of in-situ stars that have been displaced from their original birth sites during Eris' early assembly history.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures; submitted to ApJ
Does an immigrant teacher help immigrant students cope with negative stereotypes? Preservice teachers' and school students' perceptions of teacher bias and motivational support, as well as stereotype threat effects on immigrant students' learning
Creators: name: Frühauf, Madita
name: Hildebrandt, Johanna
name: Mros, Theresa
name: Zander, Lysann
name: McElvany, Nele
name: Hannover, Bettina
Publisher: name: Dordrecht [u.a.] : Springer Science + Business Media B.V
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ethnic minority teacher
subject: Immigrant students
subject: Stereotype threat
subject: Teacher bias
subject: Teacher support
subject: Turkish origin students
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::100 | Philosophie::150 | Psychologie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::370 | Erziehung, Schul- und Bildungswesen

description: Can immigrant school students profit from an immigrant teacher sharing their minority background? We investigate preservice teachers' (Study 1; Mage = 26.29 years; 75.2% female) and school students' (Study 2; Mage = 14.88 years; 49.9% female) perceptions of a teacher as well as immigrant school students' learning gains (Study 2) by comparing four experimental video conditions in which a female teacher with a Turkish or German name instructs school students in a task while either saying that learning gains differed (stereotype activation) or did not differ (no stereotype activation) between immigrant and non-immigrant students. Study 1 shows that preservice teachers, regardless of their own cultural background, perceived the Turkish origin teacher as less biased, even when she voiced the stereotype, and as more motivationally supportive of school students in general than the German origin teacher. Study 2 shows that in contrast, among school students, the minority teacher was not perceived as less biased than the majority teacher. Rather, immigrant school students, in particular those with Turkish roots, were more concerned than students of the German majority that the teacher—irrespective of her background—was biased. Interestingly, these differences between students from different backgrounds disappeared when the teacher said that learning gains differed between immigrant and non-immigrant students. Immigrant school students of non-Turkish backgrounds, but not Turkish origin students suffered in their learning when instructed by the Turkish origin teacher who voiced the stereotype. We discuss implications for teacher recruitment.
Evaluation of the relative stability of liganded versus ligand-free protein conformations using Simplicial Neighborhood Analysis of Protein Packing (SNAPP) method
Creators: name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Zhang, Shuxing
name: Sherman, Douglas B.
name: Pitner, J. Bruce
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2004

description: Many proteins change their conformation upon ligand binding. For instance, bacterial periplasmic binding proteins (bPBPs) that transport nutrients into the cytoplasm generally consist of two globular domains connected by strands forming a hinge. During ligand binding, hinge motion changes the conformation from the open to the closed form. Both forms can be crystallized without a ligand, suggesting that the energy difference between them is small. We applied Simplicial Neighborhood Analysis of Protein Packing (SNAPP) as a method to evaluate the relative stability of open and closed forms in bPBPs. Using united residue representation of amino acids, SNAPP performs Delaunay tessellation of the protein, producing an aggregate of space-filling, irregular tetrahedra with nearest neighbor residues at the vertices. The SNAPP statistical scoring function is derived from log-likelihood scores for all possible quadruplet compositions of amino acids found in a representative subset of the Protein Data Bank, and the sum of scores for a given protein provides the total SNAPP score. Results of scoring for bPBPs suggest that in most cases, the unliganded form is more stable than the liganded form, and this conclusion is corroborated by similar observations on other proteins undergoing conformation changes upon binding their ligands. The results of these studies suggest that the SNAPP method can be used to predict relative stability of accessible protein conformations. Furthermore, the SNAPP method allows for delineation of the role of individual residues in protein stabilization, thereby providing new testable hypotheses for rational site-directed mutagenesis in the context of protein engineering.
Nonsingular cosmology from evolutionary quantum gravity
Creators: name: Cianfrani, Francesco
name: Montani, Giovanni
name: Pittorino, Fabrizio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a cosmological implementation of the evolutionary quantum gravity, describing an isotropic Universe, in the presence of a negative cosmological constant and a massive (preinflationary) scalar field. We demonstrate that the considered Universe has a nonsingular quantum behavior, associated to a primordial bounce, whose ground state has a high occupation number. Furthermore, in such a vacuum state, the super-Hamiltonian eigenvalue is negative, corresponding to a positive emerging dust energy density. The regularization of the model is performed via a polymer quantum approach to the Universe scale factor and the proper classical limit is then recovered, in agreement with a preinflationary state of the Universe. Since the dust energy density is redshifted by the Universe deSitter phase and the cosmological constant does not enter the ground state eigenvalue, we get a late-time cosmology, compatible with the present observations, endowed with a turning point in the far future.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, minor changes, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
HIV-1 protease function and structure studies with the simplicial neighborhood analysis of protein packing method
Creators: name: Tropsha, Alexander
name: Kaplan, Andrew H.
name: Zhang, Shuxing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: The Simplicial Neighborhood Analysis of Protein Packing (SNAPP) method was used to predict the effect of mutagenesis on the enzymatic activity of the HIV-1 protease (HIVP). SNAPP relies on a four-body statistical scoring function derived from the analysis of spatially nearest neighbor residue compositional preferences in a diverse and representative subset of protein structures from the Protein Data Bank. The method was applied to the analysis of HIVP mutants with residue substitutions in the hydrophobic core as well as at the interface between the two protease monomers. Both wild type and tethered structures were employed in the calculations. We obtained a strong correlation, with R2 as high as 0.96, between ΔSNAPP score (i.e., the difference in SNAPP scores between wild type and mutant proteins) and the protease catalytic activity for tethered structures. A weaker but significant correlation was also obtained for non-tethered structures as well. Our analysis identified residues both in the hydrophobic core and at the dimeric interface (DI) that are very important for the protease function. This study demonstrates a potential utility of the SNAPP method for rational design of mutagenesis studies and protein engineering.
Coseismic Displacement Maps from ALOS-2 Imagery of the February 2023 Turkey-Syria earthquakes
Creators: name: Tolomei, Cristiano
name: Svigkas, Nikos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: InSAR
Coseismic map
Earthquake

description: This summary report describes a preliminary remote sensing analysis of the coseismic displacement map occurred subsequently the two main earthquakes occurred in Turkey-Syria on February 2023. Two ALOS-2 images along the descending orbit were processed to derive a map retrieved by applying the standard two-steps InSAR approach.
Mate or Menace? Exploring Organizational Identity Threats in Nonprofit-Business Partnerships
Creators: name: Kandel, India J.
name: Baluch, Alina M.
name: Piening, Erk P.
Publisher: name: London [u.a.] : Sage Publ.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: cross-sector partnerships
subject: nonprofit organizations
subject: nonprofit-business partnerships
subject: organizational identity threats
subject: sensemaking
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::320 | Politik

description: Nonprofit organizations frequently engage in partnerships with profit-oriented businesses to fulfill their goals and social mission. Although nonprofit-business partnerships can benefit both parties, they are a potential source of intra-organizational controversy and conflict, especially when social objectives clash with business interests. An increasingly recognized risk of nonprofit-business partnerships lies in organizational identity threats. Adopting a sensemaking perspective, we investigate how nonprofit members make sense of nonprofit-business partnerships and how these appraisal processes influence whether they perceive these inter-organizational partnerships as organizational identity threats. Our qualitative study draws on semi-structured interviews and shows that nonprofit members’ evaluations of partnership congruence (i.e., the perceived fit of a partnership with members’ organizational identity expectations) and partnership relevance (i.e., the perceived meaning of a partnership for an organization’s identity) influence whether they perceive partnerships as organizational identity threats. In doing so, we extend research on organizational identity threats (and opportunities) of nonprofit-business partnerships.
Using quantum mechanics to improve estimates of amino acid side chain rotamer energies
Creators: name: Butterfoss, Glenn L.
name: Renfrew, P. Douglas
name: Kuhlman, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Amino acid side chains adopt a discrete set of favorable conformations typically referred to as rotamers. The relative energies of rotamers partially determine which side chain conformations are more often observed in protein structures and accurate estimates of these energies are important for predicting protein structure and designing new proteins. Protein modelers typically calculate side chain rotamer energies by using molecular mechanics (MM) potentials or by converting rotamer probabilities from the protein database (PDB) into relative free energies. One limitation of the knowledge-based energies is that rotamer preferences observed in the PDB can reflect internal side chain energies as well as longer-range interactions with the rest of the protein. Here, we test an alternative approach for calculating rotamer energies. We use three different quantum mechanics (QM) methods (second order Moller-Plesset (MP2), density functional theory (DFT) energy calculation using the B3LYP functional, and Hartree-Fock) to calculate the energy of amino acid rotamers in a dipeptide model system, and then use these pre-calculated values in side chain placement simulations. Energies were calculated for over 35,000 different conformations of leucine, isoleucine and valine dipeptides with backbone torsion angles from the helical and strand regions of the Ramachandran plot. In a subset of cases these energies differ significantly from those calculated with standard molecular mechanics potentials or those derived from PDB statistics. We find that in these cases the energies from the QM methods result in more accurate placement of amino acid side chains in structure prediction tests.
Ines BÖCKELMANN, Ktistai. Zu Funktion und Ikonographie mythischer und historischer Stadtgründer in der griechischen Kultur
Creators: name: Bensch, Matthias J.
Publisher: name: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Year: 2023

description: Rezension zu: Ines Böckelmann, Ktistai. Zu Funktion und Ikonographie mythischer und historischer Stadtgründer in der griechischen Kultur. Schriften zur Klas­sischen Archäologie Bd. 5. Hamburg: Dr. Kovač 2020, 606 S., EUR 149,80. ISBN: 978-3-339-11722-9
description: Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft, Bd. 25 Nr. 1 (2022): Göttinger Forum für Altertumswissenschaft
Periodic Residual Learning for Crowd Flow Forecasting
Creators: name: Wang, Chengxin
name: Liang, Yuxuan
name: Tan, Gary
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd flow forecasting, which aims to predict the crowds entering or leaving certain regions, is a fundamental task in smart cities. One of the key properties of crowd flow data is periodicity: a pattern that occurs at regular time intervals, such as a weekly pattern. To capture such periodicity, existing studies either fuse the periodic hidden states into channels for networks to learn or apply extra periodic strategies to the network architecture. In this paper, we devise a novel periodic residual learning network (PRNet) for a better modeling of periodicity in crowd flow data. Unlike existing methods, PRNet frames the crowd flow forecasting as a periodic residual learning problem by modeling the variation between the inputs (the previous time period) and the outputs (the future time period). Compared to directly predicting crowd flows that are highly dynamic, learning more stationary deviation is much easier, which thus facilitates the model training. Besides, the learned variation enables the network to produce the residual between future conditions and its corresponding weekly observations at each time interval, and therefore contributes to substantially more accurate multi-step ahead predictions. Extensive experiments show that PRNet can be easily integrated into existing models to enhance their predictive performance.
Thermodynamics of calmodulin binding to cardiac and skeletal muscle ryanodine receptor ion channels
Creators: name: Yamaguchi, Naohiro
name: Pasek, Daniel A.
name: Meissner, Gerhard
name: Tripathy, Ashutosh
name: Ramachandran, Srinivas
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The skeletal muscle (RyR1) and cardiac muscle (RyR2) ryanodine receptor calcium release channels contain a single, conserved calmodulin (CaM) binding domain, yet are differentially regulated by CaM. Here, we report that high-affinity [35S]CaM binding to RyR1 is driven by favorable enthalpic and entropic contributions at Ca2+ concentrations from <0.01 to 100 μM. At 0.15 μM Ca2+, [35S]CaM bound to RyR2 with decreased affinity and binding enthalpy compared with RyR1. The rates of [35S]CaM dissociation from RyR1 increased as the temperature was raised, whereas at 0.15 μM Ca2+ the rate from RyR2 was little affected. The results suggest major differences in the energetics of CaM binding to and dissociation from RyR1 and RyR2.
A molecular dynamics study of the early stages of amyloid-β(1-42) oligomerization: The role of lipid membranes
Creators: name: Davis, Charles H.
name: Berkowitz, Max L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: As research progresses towards understanding the role of the amyloid-β (Aβ) in Alzheimer’s disease, certain aspects of the aggregation process for Aβ are still not clear. In particular, the accepted constitution of toxic aggregates in neurons has shifted towards small oligomers. However, the process of forming these oligomers in cells is still not fully clear. Even more interestingly, it has been implied that cell membranes, and, in particular, anionic lipids within those membranes, play a key role in the progression of Aβ aggregation, but the exact nature of the Aβ-membrane interaction in this process is still unknown. In this work, we use a thermodynamic cycle and umbrella sampling molecular dynamics to investigate dimerization of the 42-residue Aβ peptide on model zwitterionic dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) or model anionic dioleoylphosphatidylserine (DOPS) bilayer surfaces. We determined that Aβ dimerization was strongly favored through interactions with the DOPS bilayer. Further, our calculations showed that the DOPS bilayer promoted strong protein-protein interactions within the Aβ dimer, while DPPC favored strong protein-lipid interactions. By promoting dimer formation and subsequent dimer release into the solvent, the DOPS bilayer acts as a catalyst in Aβ aggregation through converting Aβ monomers in solution into Aβ dimers in solution without substantial a free energy cost.
Computational design of second-site suppressor mutations at protein-protein interfaces
Creators: name: Kuhlman, Brian
name: Purbeck, Carrie
name: Sammond, Deanne W.
name: Eletr, Ziad M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The importance of a protein-protein interaction to a signaling pathway can be established by showing that amino acid mutations that weaken the interaction disrupt signaling, and that additional mutations that rescue the interaction recover signaling. Identifying rescue mutations, often referred to as second-site suppressor mutations, controls against scenarios in which the initial deleterious mutation inactivates the protein or disrupts alternative protein-protein interactions. Here, we test a structure-based protocol for identifying second-site suppressor mutations that is based on a strategy previously described by Kortemme and Baker. The molecular modeling software Rosetta is used to scan an interface for point mutations that are predicted to weaken binding but can be rescued by mutations on the partner protein. The protocol typically identifies three types of specificity switches: knob-in-to-hole redesigns, switching hydrophobic interactions to hydrogen bond interactions, and replacing polar interactions with non-polar interactions. Computational predictions were tested with two separate protein complexes; the G-protein Gαi1 bound to the RGS14 GoLoco motif, and UbcH7 bound to the ubiquitin ligase E6AP. Eight designs were experimentally tested. Swapping a buried hydrophobic residue with a polar residue dramatically weakened binding affinities. In none of these cases were we able to identify compensating mutations that returned binding to wild type affinity, highlighting the challenges inherent in designing buried hydrogen bond networks. The strongest specificity switches were a knob-in-to-hole design (20-fold) and the replacement of a charge-charge interaction with non-polar interactions (55-fold). In two cases, specificity was further tuned by including mutations distant from the initial design.
N-terminal strands of filamin Ig domains act as a conformational switch under biological forces
Creators: name: Kesner, Barry A.
name: Ding, Feng
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Temple, Brenda R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Conformational changes of filamin A under stress have been postulated to play crucial roles in signaling pathways of cell responses. Direct observation of conformational changes under stress is beyond the resolution of current experimental techniques. On the other hand, computational studies are mainly limited to either traditional molecular dynamics simulations of short durations and high forces or simulations of simplified models. Here we perform all-atom discrete molecular dynamics (DMD) simulations to study thermally and force-induced unfolding of filamin A. The high conformational sampling efficiency of DMD allows us to observe force-induced unfolding of filamin A Ig domains under physiological forces. The computationally identified critical unfolding forces agree well with experimental measurements. Despite a large heterogeneity in the population of force-induced intermediate states, we find a common initial unfolding intermediate in all the Ig domains of filamin, where the N-terminal strand unfolds. We also study the thermal unfolding of several filamin Ig-like domains. We find that thermally induced unfolding features an early-stage intermediate state similar to the one observed in force-induced unfolding and characterized by N-terminal strand being unfurled. We propose that the N-terminal strand may act as a conformational switch that unfolds under physiological forces leading to exposure of cryptic binding sites, removal of native binding sites, and modulating the quaternary structure of domains.
OFDM Transmission Performance Evaluation in V2X Communication
Creators: name: Sassi, Aymen
name: Charfi, Faiza
name: Kamoun, Lotfi
name: Elhillali, Yassin
name: Rivenq, Atika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Vehicle to Vehicle and Vehicle to Infrastructure V2X communication systems are one of the main topics in research domain. Its performance evaluation is an important step before their on board integration into vehicles and its probable real deployment. This paper studies the physical layer PHY of the upcoming vehicular communication standard IEEE 802.11p. This standard PHY Layer model, with much associated phenomena, is implemented in V2V and V2I, situations through different scenarios. The series of simulation results carried out, perform data exchange between high speed vehicles over different channels models and different transmitted packet size. We underline several propagation channel and other important parameters, which affect both the physical layer network performance and the QoT. The Bit Error Rate BER versus Signal to Noise Ratio SNR of all coding rates is used to evaluate the performance of the communication.
description: 8 pages, 17 Figures
Superpositions of coherent states determined by Gauss sums
Creators: name: Spiridonov, Vyacheslav P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a family of quantum states of the Schrödinger cat type as superpositions of the harmonic oscillator coherent states with coefficients defined by the quadratic Gauss sums. These states emerge as eigenfunctions of the lowering operators obtained after canonical transformations of the Heisenberg-Weyl algebra associated with the ordinary and fractional Fourier transformation. The first member of this family is given by the well known Yurke-Stoler coherent state.
description: 11 pp
Chemical gradients in the Milky Way from the RAVE data. II. Giant stars
Creators: name: Boeche, C.
name: Siebert, A.
name: Piffl, T.
name: Just, A.
name: Steinmetz, M.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Sharma, S.
name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Gilmore, G.
name: Chiappini, C.
name: Freeman, K.
name: Gibson, B. K.
name: Munari, U.
name: Siviero, A.
name: Bienaymé, O.
name: Navarro, J. F.
name: Parker, Q. A.
name: Reid, W.
name: Seabroke, G. M.
name: Watson, F. G.
name: Wyse, R. F. G.
name: Zwitter, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide new constraints on the chemo-dynamical models of the Milky Way by measuring the radial and vertical chemical gradients for the elements Mg, Al, Si, Ti, and Fe in the Galactic disc and the gradient variations as a function of the distance from the Galactic plane ($Z$). We selected a sample of giant stars from the RAVE database using the gravity criterium 1.7$
description: 13 pages, 9 figures, 5 tables, A&A accepted
Automated minimization of steric clashes in protein structures
Creators: name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
name: Ding, Feng
name: Ramachandran, Srinivas
name: Kota, Pradeep
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Molecular modeling of proteins including homology modeling, structure determination, and knowledge-based protein design requires tools to evaluate and refine three-dimensional protein structures. Steric clash is one of the artifacts prevalent in low-resolution structures and homology models. Steric clashes arise due to the unnatural overlap of any two non-bonding atoms in a protein structure. Usually, removal of severe steric clashes in some structures is challenging since many existing refinement programs do not accept structures with severe steric clashes. Here, we present a quantitative approach of identifying steric clashes in proteins by defining clashes based on the Van der Waals repulsion energy of the clashing atoms. We also define a metric for quantitative estimation of the severity of clashes in proteins by performing statistical analysis of clashes in high-resolution protein structures. We describe a rapid, automated and robust protocol, Chiron, which efficiently resolves severe clashes in low-resolution structures and homology models with minimal perturbation in the protein backbone. Benchmark studies highlight the efficiency and robustness of Chiron compared to other widely used methods. We provide Chiron as an automated web server to evaluate and resolve clashes in protein structures that can be further used for more accurate protein design.
Fingerprint-based structure retrieval using electron density
Creators: name: Yin, Shuangye
name: Dokholyan, Nikolay V.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: We present a computational approach that can quickly search a large protein structural database to identify structures that fit a given electron density, such as determined by cryo-electron microscopy. We use geometric invariants (fingerprints) constructed using 3D Zernike moments to describe the electron density, and reduce the problem of fitting of the structure to the electron density to simple fingerprint comparison. Using this approach, we are able to screen the entire Protein Data Bank and identify structures that fit two experimental electron densities determined by cryo-electron microscopy.
title: Staying put & continuing care : the implementation challenge
Creators: name: McGhee, Kenny
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2017

description: The article is based on a qualitative study of residential child care practitioners’ views and perspectives of the blocks and enablers to the implementation of staying put and continuing care practice with three Scottish local authorities. This small-scale qualitative study involved semi-structured interviews with nine residential practitioners, working in five children’s homes across three Scottish local authorities. Key findings highlight issues around learning and development opportunities for practitioners; the importance of managers and leaders in creating enabling contexts for practice; the challenges of resource pressures and limited capacity in the sector; and key issues around established culture and practice. What emerged was a consistent narrative of a complex, contradictory, nuanced context within which residential child care practitioners operate. The paper discusses these findings within the current context of challenges to implementing child care policy and the need to establish ‘a new norm’ for looked after young people transitioning from residential care settings.
Regularity criteria for the Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation in dimensions two and three
Creators: name: Larios, Adam
name: Rahman, Mohammad Mahabubur
name: Yamazaki, Kazuo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A01, 35K25, 35K51, 35K58, 35B65, 35B10, 65M70

description: We propose and prove several regularity criteria for the 2D and 3D Kuramoto-Sivashinsky equation, in both its scalar and vector forms. In particular, we examine integrability criteria for the regularity of solutions in terms of the scalar solution $ϕ$, the vector solution $u\triangleq\nablaϕ$, as well as the divergence $\text{div}(u)=Δϕ$, and each component of $u$ and $\nabla u$. We also investigate these criteria computationally in the 2D case, and we include snapshots of solutions for several quantities of interest that arise in energy estimates.
Topological Higgs inflation: The origin of the Standard Model criticality
Creators: name: Hamada, Yuta
name: Oda, Kin-ya
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measured values of the Higgs and top masses and of the strong gauge coupling constant point to the near-criticality of the Standard Model, where two vacua at the electroweak and Planck scales are quasi-degenerate. We argue that the criticality is required by the occurrence of an eternal topological inflation induced by the Higgs potential. The role of this inflation is to continuously create sufficiently flat and homogeneous Universe, providing the necessary initial condition for the subsequent slow-roll inflation that generates the density perturbations of the right magnitude. While the condition for the topological Higgs inflation is only marginally satisfied in the Standard Model, it can be readily satisfied if one introduces the right-handed neutrinos and/or the non-minimal coupling to gravity; currently unknown quantum gravity corrections to the potential may also help. We also discuss the $B-L$ Higgs inflation as a possible origin of the observed density perturbations. Its necessary initial condition, the restored $B-L$ symmetry, can be naturally realized by the preceding topological Higgs inflation.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; Version to appear on PRD(v2)
In-cell protein NMR and protein leakage
Creators: name: Barnes, Christopher O.
name: Pielak, Gary J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In-cell nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy is a tool for studying proteins under physiologically relevant conditions. In some instances, however, protein signals from leaked protein are observed in the liquid surrounding the cells. Here, we examine the expression of four proteins in Escherichia coli. We describe the controls that should be used for in-cell NMR experiments, and show that leakage is likely when the protein being studied exceeds approximately 20% of the total cellular protein.
The Schwarzian derivative and Euler--Lagrange equations
Creators: name: Kryński, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the Schwarzian derivative from a variational viewpoint. Firstly we show that the Schwarzian derivative defines a first integral of the Euler--Lagrange equation of a second order Lagrangian. Secondly, we show that the Schwarzian derivative itself is the Euler--Lagrange operator for an appropriately chosen class of variations.
Calibrating hypersonic turbulence flow models with the HIFiRE-1 experiment using data-driven machine-learned models
Creators: name: Chowdhary, Kenny
name: Hoang, Chi
name: Lee, Kookjin
name: Ray, Jaideep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study the efficacy of combining machine-learning methods with projection-based model reduction techniques for creating data-driven surrogate models of computationally expensive, high-fidelity physics models. Such surrogate models are essential for many-query applications e.g., engineering design optimization and parameter estimation, where it is necessary to invoke the high-fidelity model sequentially, many times. Surrogate models are usually constructed for individual scalar quantities. However there are scenarios where a spatially varying field needs to be modeled as a function of the model's input parameters. We develop a method to do so, using projections to represent spatial variability while a machine-learned model captures the dependence of the model's response on the inputs. The method is demonstrated on modeling the heat flux and pressure on the surface of the HIFiRE-1 geometry in a Mach 7.16 turbulent flow. The surrogate model is then used to perform Bayesian estimation of freestream conditions and parameters of the SST (Shear Stress Transport) turbulence model embedded in the high-fidelity (Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes) flow simulator, using wind-tunnel data. The paper provides the first-ever Bayesian calibration of a turbulence model for complex hypersonic turbulent flows. We find that the primary issues in estimating the SST model parameters are the limited information content of the heat flux and pressure measurements and the large model-form error encountered in a certain part of the flow.
description: 50 pages, research paper
Quantum imaging by coherent enhancement
Creators: name: Low, Guang Hao
name: Yoder, Theodore J.
name: Chuang, Isaac L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conventional wisdom dictates that to image the position of fluorescent atoms or molecules, one should stimulate as much emission and collect as many photons as possible. That is, in this classical case, it has always been assumed that the coherence time of the system should be made short, and that the statistical scaling $\sim1/\sqrt{t}$ defines the resolution limit for imaging time $t$. However, here we show in contrast that given the same resources, a long coherence time permits a higher resolution image. In this quantum regime, we give a procedure for determining the position of a single two-level system, and demonstrate that the standard errors of our position estimates scale at the Heisenberg limit as $\sim 1/t$, a quadratic, and notably optimal, improvement over the classical case.
description: 4 pages, 4 figues
Role of conformational sampling in computing mutation-induced changes in protein structure and stability
Creators: name: Leaver-Fay, Andrew
name: Kellogg, Elizabeth H.
name: Baker, David
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The prediction of changes in protein stability and structure resulting from single amino acid substitutions is both a fundamental test of macromolecular modeling methodology and an important current problem as high throughput sequencing reveals sequence polymorphisms at an increasing rate. In principle, given the structure of a wild-type protein and a point mutation whose effects are to be predicted, an accurate method should recapitulate both the structural changes and the change in the folding-free energy. Here, we explore the performance of protocols which sample an increasing diversity of conformations. We find that surprisingly similar performances in predicting changes in stability are achieved using protocols that involve very different amounts of conformational sampling, provided that the resolution of the force field is matched to the resolution of the sampling method. Methods involving backbone sampling can in some cases closely recapitulate the structural changes accompanying mutations but not surprisingly tend to do more harm than good in cases where structural changes are negligible. Analysis of the outliers in the stability change calculations suggests areas needing particular improvement; these include the balance between desolvation and the formation of favorable buried polar interactions, and unfolded state modeling.
La gestión editorial de las revistas científicas en el entorno de la formación profesional en Cuba
Creators: name: Alfonso Manzanet, José Enrique
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: gestión editorial
formación profesional
revistas científicas
educación continuada

description: Se describen los elementos esenciales de la formación profesional en Cuba y la situación actual de la gestión editorial de las revistas científicas en el entorno del Sistema Nacional de Educación. Se realiza análisis compartivo con revistas científicas del Sistema Nacional de Salud y se propone una concepción teórico metodológica para la solución de las dificultades que afectan el desarrollo de la actividad en Cuba.
Computational protein design with explicit consideration of surface hydrophobic patches
Creators: name: Leaver-Fay, Andrew
name: Jacak, Ron
name: Kuhlman, Brian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: De novo protein design requires the identification of amino-acid sequences that favor the target folded conformation and are soluble in water. One strategy for promoting solubility is to disallow hydrophobic residues on the protein surface during design. However, naturally occurring proteins often have hydrophobic amino acids on their surface that contribute to protein stability via the partial burial of hydrophobic surface area or play a key role in the formation of protein-protein interactions. A less restrictive approach for surface design that is used by the modeling program Rosetta is to parameterize the energy function so that the number of hydrophobic amino acids designed on the protein surface is similar to what is observed in naturally occurring monomeric proteins. Previous studies with Rosetta have shown that this limits surface hydrophobics to the naturally occurring frequency (~28%) but that it does not prevent the formation of hydrophobic patches that are considerably larger than those observed in naturally occurring proteins. Here, we describe a new score term that explicitly detects and penalizes the formation of hydrophobic patches during computational protein design. With the new term we are able to design protein surfaces that include hydrophobic amino acids at naturally occurring frequencies, but do not have large hydrophobic patches. By adjusting the strength of the new score term the emphasis of surface redesigns can be switched between maintaining solubility and maximizing folding free energy.
Two-photon IR pumped UV-Vis transient absorption spectroscopy of Dirac fermions in the 2D and 3D topological insulator Bi2Se3
Creators: name: Glinka, Yuri D.
name: He, Tingchao
name: Sun, Xiao Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is often taken for granted that in pump-probe experiments on the topological insulator (TI) Bi2Se3 using IR pumping with a commercial Ti:Sapphire laser [~800 nm (1.55 eV photon energy)], the electrons are excited in the one-photon absorption regime, even when pumped with absorbed fluences in the mJ cm-2 range. Here, using UV-Vis transient absorption (TA) spectroscopy, we show that even at low-power IR pumping with absorbed fluences in the mkJ cm-2 range, the TA spectra of the TI Bi2Se3 extend across a part of the UV and the entire visible region. This observation suggests unambiguously that the two-photon pumping regime accompanies the usual one-photon pumping regime even at low laser powers applied. We attribute the high efficiency of two-photon pumping to the giant nonlinearity of Dirac fermions in the Dirac surface states (SS). On the contrary, one-photon pumping is associated with the excitation of bound valence electrons in the bulk into the conduction band. Two mechanisms of absorption bleaching were also revealed since they manifest themselves in different spectral regions of probing. These two mechanisms were assigned to the filling of the phase-space in the Dirac SS and bulk states and the corresponding Pauli blocking.
Guia de Recomendações para Cuidados com Pacientes de Alta Complexidade
Creators: name: Bruna Costa Gonzalez
name: Julia Sampaio P. Machado
name: Cláudio José de Souza
name: Cristina Lavoyer Escudeiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: enfermagem
alta complexidade
ebook
graduação
guia de recomendações

description: Material confeccionado para auxílio de estudantes durante o ensino teórico-prático para alunos da graduação de Enfermagem, voltado para cuidados de pacientes em unidades de maior complexidade, confeccionado como produto para projeto de monitoria da Universidade Federal Fluminense.