cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sustainable Urban Logistics Model Applied to Food Trucks. Case Study and Descriptive Analysis
Creators: name: Peirano Madrid, Andrea Fernanda
name: Zuñiga Novaro, Arianna
name: García-López, Yvan Jesus
name: Taquía Gutiérrez, José Antonio
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Urban Logistics
subject: Food Truck
subject: Environmental Impact
subject: Route Optimization
subject: Optimal Downtown Location
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The food truck service is growing due to the change in customers' fast food consumption habits. This research aims to test the logic of using urban logistics to improve the optimization of food truck supply. This research proposes a case study where route optimization methods, central location, and the estimation of the environmental impact through the emission of pollutant gases at the time of supplying food trucks are proposed; RStudio and COPERT V software was used to obtain quantitative results. Concerning the results, it was found that the food truck is viable due to the number of potential customers within the case study area. The central location (longitude, latitude) of the food truck within the area where its customers are located was found; in addition, thanks to the optimal supply route, it was possible to calculate the emissions of polluting gases: CO2, PM2.5, PM10, NOX, VOC
The pecular magnetic field morphology of the white dwarf WD 1953-011: evidence for a large-scale magnetic flux tube?
Creators: name: Valyavin, G.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Bagnulo, S.
name: Szeifert, T.
name: Landstreet, J. D.
name: Han, Inwoo
name: Burenkov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and interpret new spectropolarimetric observations of the magnetic white dwarf WD 1953-011. Circular polarization and intensity spectra of the H$α$ spectral line demonstrate the presence of two-component magnetic field in the photosphere of this star. The geometry consists of a weak, large scale component, and a strong, localized component. Analyzing the rotationally modulated low-field component, we establish a rotation period $P_{rot} = 1.4480 \pm 0.0001$ days. Modeling the measured magnetic observables, we find that the low-field component can be described by the superposition of a dipole and quadrupole. According to the best-fit model, the inclination of the stellar rotation axis with respect to the line of sight is $i \approx 20^\circ$, and the angle between the rotation axis and the dipolar axis is $β\approx 10^\circ$. The dipole strength at the pole is about 180 kG, and the quadrupolar strength is about 230 kG. These data suggest a fossil origin of the low-field component. In contrast, the strong-field component exhibits a peculiar, localized structure (``magnetic spot'') that confirms the conclusions of Maxted and co-workers. The mean field modulus of the spot ($|B_{spot}| = 520 \pm 7$ kG) together with its variable longitudinal magnetic field having a maximum of about +400 kG make it difficult to describe it naturally as a high-order component of the star's global poloidal field. Instead, we suggest that the observed strong-field region has a geometry similar to a magnetic flux tube.
description: 11 figures
There is More than Meets the Eye: Self-Supervised Multi-Object Detection and Tracking with Sound by Distilling Multimodal Knowledge
Creators: name: Valverde, Francisco Rivera
name: Hurtado, Juana Valeria
name: Valada, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Attributes of sound inherent to objects can provide valuable cues to learn rich representations for object detection and tracking. Furthermore, the co-occurrence of audiovisual events in videos can be exploited to localize objects over the image field by solely monitoring the sound in the environment. Thus far, this has only been feasible in scenarios where the camera is static and for single object detection. Moreover, the robustness of these methods has been limited as they primarily rely on RGB images which are highly susceptible to illumination and weather changes. In this work, we present the novel self-supervised MM-DistillNet framework consisting of multiple teachers that leverage diverse modalities including RGB, depth and thermal images, to simultaneously exploit complementary cues and distill knowledge into a single audio student network. We propose the new MTA loss function that facilitates the distillation of information from multimodal teachers in a self-supervised manner. Additionally, we propose a novel self-supervised pretext task for the audio student that enables us to not rely on labor-intensive manual annotations. We introduce a large-scale multimodal dataset with over 113,000 time-synchronized frames of RGB, depth, thermal, and audio modalities. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our approach outperforms state-of-the-art methods while being able to detect multiple objects using only sound during inference and even while moving.
description: Accepted at CVPR 2021. Dataset, code and models are available at http://rl.uni-freiburg.de/research/multimodal-distill
Overview and Roadmap of Hydrogen Utilization in Industry
Creators: name: Jung, Laura
name: Lampret, Verena
name: Sauer, Alexander
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: hydrogen
subject: industry
subject: roadmap
subject: energy supply
subject: decarbonization
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Hydrogen has emerged as a promising solution for achieving a sustainable economy in various sectors of the industry. This paper provides an overview of the utilization of hydrogen in various industrial applications, including energy and heat supply in industrial processes, raw material utilization, and transportation. The benefit and role of hydrogen in the decarbonization of industries are discussed, highlighting its potential to reduce greenhouse gas emissions of energy-intensive industries. The good storage capabilities of hydrogen offer a solution to decouple the availability of renewable energy from its generation time and to increase the energy flexibility. Additionally, the paper examines the strategic aspects of hydrogen deployment in Germany, such as policy considerations, the economic viability of hydrogen technologies, external influences like importation, and the current technical challenges associated with its widespread adoption. By considering these aspects, an overview and roadmap for the integration of hydrogen in industrial sectors are presented, offering recommendations for a successful hydrogen transition.
Botanical Morphology and Local Wisdom Utilization of Rang Daeng (Ventilago denticulate Willd.) in Koh Kred, Pak Kred District, Nontaburi Province
Creators: name: Pakorn  Norseangsri
Publisher: name: Department of Agriculture
Year: 2009
Subjects: Ventukago denticulata
local wisdom

description: Thai Agricultural Research Journal, 27, 2, 184-194
Investigation Of Laser-Based Drying Of Electrodes For Lithium-Ion-Battery Production Using Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers (VCSEL)
Creators: name: Neb, Daniel
name: Wolf, Sebastian
name: Ingendoh, Benedict
name: Klein, Simon
name: Dorn, Benjamin
name: Heimes, Heiner
name: Kampker, Achim
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Lithium-Ion Batteries
subject: Battery Production
subject: Electrode Manufacturing
subject: Laser Drying
subject: VCSEL
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Demand for lithium-ion batteries is expected to increase significantly within the upcoming decade. This trend is already evident today. Accordingly, an increasing number of new production lines as well as extensions of existing production lines can be observed. To reduce global CO2 emissions and maintain competitiveness, the development of new, more efficient production technologies is essential. At the same time, innovative production methods can make a decisive contribution to significantly improve the quality and performance of lithium-ion batteries. Currently, the convection drying technology marks the state of the art in drying the wet-coated electrode foils. Accounting for approximately one quarter of the total energy consumption in battery production, this technology represents one of the most cost-intensive process steps along the value chain. A promising approach to increase quality and efficiency of electrode drying is the use of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSEL). In addition to the improved controllability compared to conventional drying processes, these also offer the advantage of a direct energy contribution that is tailored to the material. Furthermore, the exceptionally high-power density enables a reduction in machine footprint while simultaneously increasing production throughput. In this study, the general experimental setup for vertical drying of electrodes using VCSEL technology is described. Furthermore, the main results are presented and discussed in order to derive subsequent conclusions for further improvements in quality and energy efficiency in the drying process of electrodes for lithium-ion batteries.
Bipolar conduction and giant positive magnetoresistance in doped metallic titanium oxide heterostructures
Creators: name: Huang, Ke
name: Wang, Tao
name: Jin, Mengjia
name: Wu, Liang
name: Wang, Junyao Floria
name: Li, Shengyao
name: Qi, Dong-chen
name: Cheng, Shuying
name: Li, Yangyang
name: Chen, Jingsheng
name: He, Xiaozhong
name: Li, Changjian
name: Pennycook, Stephen J.
name: Wang, X. Renshaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Empowering conventional materials with unexpected magnetoelectric properties is appealing to the multi-functionalization of existing devices and the exploration of future electronics. Recently, owing to its unique effect in modulating a matter's properties, ultra-small dopants, e.g. H, D, and Li, attract enormous attention in creating emergent functionalities, such as superconductivity, and metal-insulator transition. Here, we report an observation of bipolar conduction accompanied by a giant positive magnetoresistance in D-doped metallic Ti oxide (TiOxDy) films. To overcome the challenges in intercalating the D into a crystalline oxide, a series of TiOxDy were formed by sequentially doping Ti with D and surface/interface oxidation. Intriguingly, while the electron mobility of the TiOxDy increases by an order of magnitude larger after doping, the emergent holes also exhibit high mobility. Moreover, the bipolar conduction induces a giant magnetoresistance up to 900% at 6 T, which is ~6 times higher than its conventional phase. Our study paves a way to empower conventional materials in existing electronics and induce novel electronic phases.
Complete enumeration of two-Level orthogonal arrays of strength $d$ with $d+2$ constraints
Creators: name: Stufken, John
name: Tang, Boxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62K15 (Primary)

description: Enumerating nonisomorphic orthogonal arrays is an important, yet very difficult, problem. Although orthogonal arrays with a specified set of parameters have been enumerated in a number of cases, general results are extremely rare. In this paper, we provide a complete solution to enumerating nonisomorphic two-level orthogonal arrays of strength $d$ with $d+2$ constraints for any $d$ and any run size $n=\lambda2^d$. Our results not only give the number of nonisomorphic orthogonal arrays for given $d$ and $n$, but also provide a systematic way of explicitly constructing these arrays. Our approach to the problem is to make use of the recently developed theory of $J$-characteristics for fractional factorial designs. Besides the general theoretical results, the paper presents some results from applications of the theory to orthogonal arrays of strength two, three and four.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/009053606000001325 in the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Immersive virtual field trips : reflection on exploration, development, and application
Creators: name: Pineda, Raul Edwardo
name: 0000-0003-0977-0151
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Immersive virtual field trips
IVFTs
Virtual field trips
360 video production
360 video
Virtual learning
Digital learning
VR
Virtual reality

description: The purpose of this report is to explore the research and the development process of virtual field trip experiences through the creation of a 360 degree virtual field trip. Virtual field trips are emerging learning experiences that are being created to provide students access to locations and areas that might have been inaccessible in the past due to factors such as funding, student location, and safety. With the COVID-19 pandemic impacting education and learning experiences across our world, the importance of digital learning and access to quality virtual leaning has become even more important. Virtual field trips provide students with interactive virtual tours that can be enabled to be viewed as a fully immersive virtual reality experience. The virtual field trip created for this report is a tour of a dry underground cave that will serve as an example of the types of experiences that can be created to support classroom learning. The report introduces virtual field trips, describes the development process, explores the possible impact on creators and viewers, and discusses the limitations of this report and implications of integrating virtual field trips in education.
Can Supermassive Black Holes Form in Metal-Enriched High-Redshift Protogalaxies ?
Creators: name: Omukai, K.
name: Schneider, R.
name: Haiman, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Primordial gas in protogalactic dark matter (DM) halos with virial temperatures Tvir > 10^4 K begins to cool and condense via atomic hydrogen. Provided this gas is irradiated by a strong ultraviolet (UV) flux and remains free of H2 and other molecules, it has been proposed that the halo with Tvir ~10^4 K may avoid fragmentation, and lead to the rapid formation of a supermassive black hole (SMBH) as massive as M=10^5-10^6 Msun. This ``head--start'' would help explain the presence of SMBHs with inferred masses of several x 10^9 Msun, powering the bright quasars discovered in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey at redshift z>~6. However, high-redshift DM halos with Tvir~10^4K are likely already enriched with at least trace amounts of metals and dust produced by prior star-formation in their progenitors. Here we study the thermal and chemical evolution of low-metallicity gas exposed to extremely strong UV radiation fields. Our results, obtained in one-zone models, suggest that gas fragmentation is inevitable above a critical metallicity, whose value is between Zcr~3x10^{-4} Zsun (in the absence of dust) and as low as Zcr~ 5 x 10^{-6} Zsun (with a dust-to-gas mass ratio of about 0.01 Z/Zsun). We propose that when the metallicity exceeds these critical values, dense clusters of low--mass stars may form at the halo nucleus. Relatively massive stars in such a cluster can then rapidly coalesce into a single more massive object, which may produce an intermediate-mass BH remnant with a mass up to M
description: 39 pages, 10 figures, ApJ in press
An Investigation Of Cost-Benefit Dimensions Of 5G Networks For Agricultural Applications
Creators: name: Walter, Tim Benedikt
name: Lörsch, Kerstin
name: Stroh, Max-Ferdinand
name: Boos, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 5G
subject: Smart Farming
subject: communication technology
subject: sustainability
subject: Industry 4.0
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The agricultural industry is facing unprecedented challenges in meeting the growing demand for food while minimizing its impact on the environment. To address these challenges, the industry is embracing technological advancements such as 5G networks to improve efficiency and productivity. However, the benefits of 5G technology must be weighed against the costs of implementing a suitable network. This paper presents cost-benefit dimensions that are needed to assess the economic feasibility of implementing 5G networks for several agricultural applications. The paper describes the costs of deploying and maintaining a 5G network and the benefits of several 5G-specific use cases, including precision agriculture, livestock monitoring, and swarm robotics. Using industry reports and case studies, the model quantifies the benefits of 5G networks, such as enabling new digital agricultural processes, increased productivity, and improved sustainability. It also considers the costs associated with equipment and infrastructure, as well as the challenges of deploying a network in rural areas. The results demonstrate that 5G networks can provide significant benefits to agricultural businesses and provide an overview about the cost factors. Both benefit and cost dimensions are analyzed for the 5G-specific agricultural use cases.
An Observational Study of a "Rosetta-Stone" Solar Eruption
Creators: name: Mason, E I
name: Antiochos, Spiro
name: Vourlidas, Angelos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Letter reports observations of an event that connects all major classes of solar eruptions: those that erupt fully into the heliosphere versus those that fail and are confined to the Sun, and those that eject new flux into the heliosphere, in the form of a flux rope, versus those that eject only new plasma in the form of a jet. The event originated in a filament channel overlying a circular polarity inversion line (PIL) and occurred on 2013-03-20 during the extended decay phase of the active region designated NOAA 12488/12501. The event was especially well-observed by multiple spacecraft and exhibited the well-studied null-point topology. We analyze all aspects of the eruption using SDO AIA and HMI, STEREO-A EUVI, and SOHO LASCO imagery. One section of the filament undergoes a classic failed eruption with cool plasma subsequently draining onto the section that did not erupt, but a complex structured CME/jet is clearly observed by SOHO LASCO C2 shortly after the failed filament eruption. We describe in detail the slow buildup to eruption, the lack of an obvious trigger, and the immediate reappearance of the filament after the event. The unique mixture of major eruption properties observed during this event places severe constraints on the structure of the filament channel field and, consequently, on the possible eruption mechanism.
title: Oxidation of low density lipoprotein by ferritin at lysosomal pH and its possible role in atherosclerosis
Creators: name: Ojo, Oluwatosin Ololade
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: Atherosclerosis leading to coronary heart disease and thrombotic stroke is the leading cause of death worldwide. Oxidised low density protein is considered important by many in this disease. Our laboratory has shown that LDL can be oxidised by iron in the lysosomes of macrophages. Others have demonstrated the presence of oxidised products similar to those formed in vitro by catalytically active iron in advanced atherosclerotic lesions. Ferritin is the body’s main iron storing protein. The role of ferritin in lysosomal LDL oxidation and explored the possible consequences for atherosclerosis were investigated. Ferritin oxidised LDL effectively at lysosomal pH (pH 4.5), much faster than at pH 7.4, as shown by increased formation of oxidised lipids (HPLC and tri-iodide assay) and conjugated dienes (automated spectrophotometry). Ferritin spontaneously released iron at lysosomal pH and iron chelators supressed the oxidation of LDL by ferritin. The degradation of apolipoproteinB-100 and cholesteryl esters of LDL speeded up the oxidation of LDL by ferritin. The lysosomotropic antioxidant cysteamine was shown to be a more appropriate antioxidant to effectively inhibit LDL oxidation by ferritin compared to ascorbate, α-tocopherol and 4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine-N-oxyl (tempol) and N, N′- diphenyl 1,4-phenylenediamine (DPPD). The role of ferritin in lysosomal LDL oxidation within macrophages and macrophage function were accessed. Incubation with ferritin and LDL led to increased intracellular lipid, ceroid and lipid peroxidation in lysosomes. Ferritin and LDL treatment increased glycolysis and THP-1 macrophage-like cells became metabolically activated, as shown by a Seahorse analyser. Ferritin-oxidised LDL induced reactive oxygen species formation and apoptosis in macrophages, suggesting LDL oxidation by ferritin in lysosomes might be atherogenic.
Identification of Text Mining Use Cases In Manufacturing Companies
Creators: name: Clemens, Florian
name: Özdemir, Hasan Hüseyin
name: Schuh, Günther
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Data Mining
subject: Text Mining
subject: Manufacturing Company
subject: Use Case Modeling
subject: Text Data
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Manufacturing companies face the challenge of managing vast amounts of unstructured data generated by various sources such as social media, customer feedback, product reviews, and supplier data. Text-mining technology, a branch of data mining and natural language processing, provides a solution to extract valuable insights from unstructured data, enabling manufacturing companies to make informed decisions and improve their processes. Despite the potential benefits of text mining technology, many manufacturing companies struggle to implement use cases due to various reasons. Therefore, the project VoBAKI (IGF-Project No.: 22009 N) aims to enable manufacturing companies to identify and implement text mining use cases in their processes and decision-making processes. The paper presents an analysis of text mining use cases in manufacturing companies using Mayring's content analysis and case study research. The study aims to explore how text mining technology can be effectively used in improving production processes and decision-making in manufacturing companies.
Heading errors in all-optical alkali-vapor magnetometers in geomagnetic fields
Creators: name: Lee, W.
name: Lucivero, V. G.
name: Romalis, M. V.
name: Limes, M. E.
name: Foley, E. L.
name: Kornack, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Alkali-metal atomic magnetometers suffer from heading errors in geomagnetic fields as the measured magnetic field depends on the orientation of the sensor with respect to the field. In addition to the nonlinear Zeeman splitting, the difference between Zeeman resonances in the two hyperfine ground states can also generate heading errors depending on initial spin polarization. We examine heading errors in an all-optical scalar magnetometer that uses free precession of polarized $^{87}\text{Rb}$ atoms by varying the direction and magnitude of the magnetic field at different spin polarization regimes. In the high polarization limit where the lower hyperfine ground state $F = 1$ is almost depopulated, we show that heading errors can be corrected with an analytical expression, reducing the errors by two orders of magnitude in Earth's field. We also verify the linearity of the measured Zeeman precession frequency with the magnetic field. With lower spin polarization, we find that the splitting of the Zeeman resonances for the two hyperfine states causes beating in the precession signals and nonlinearity of the measured precession frequency with the magnetic field. We correct for the frequency shifts by using the unique probe geometry where two orthogonal probe beams measure opposite relative phases between the two hyperfine states during the spin precession.
Assessment of a Novel Process to Enable Roll-to-roll Production of Catalyst Coated Membranes
Creators: name: Kampker, Achim
name: Heimes, Heiner
name: Kehrer, Mario
name: Hagedorn, Sebastian
name: Hinrichs, Niels
name: Heyer, Philip
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Electrolyzer Production
subject: Fuel Cell Production
subject: Catalyst Coated Membrane
subject: Decal coating
subject: Roll-to-roll-production
subject: Industrialization
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Hydrogen is becoming an increasingly important energy carrier within the next few years for many different applications within different industries, such as chemical industry, steel production or mobility. Furthermore, it can be used to store excess energy from renewable energy plants. Within this context, proton exchange membrane-electrolyzer and -fuel cells represent integral parts of this value chain, as they are responsible for hydrogen production and its reconversion to electricity. Both technologies have in common that they need a catalyst coated membrane (CCM) to enable the electrochemical conversion. Since nowadays electrolyzer and fuel cell production is still characterized by small-scale production processes, suitable large-scale production lines will be necessary for the market ramp-up. To address these challenges, a novel coating process for the CCMs is proposed by using a re-coatable transfer belt at which the catalyst ink is coated and dried first. Afterwards, the catalyst ink is transferred onto the membrane by applying a hot-pressing process. Within the presented research, the hot press process is focussed and assessed for the proposed concept. Therefore, the upstream production processes, such as catalyst ink production, coating and drying are described. A design of experiments is then conducted to investigate the applied process parameters within the hot-pressing process and optimized parameters are analysed. Afterwards, re-coating the transfer belt is tested, and the long-term usability of the employed belt is assessed by focussing structural changes.
Neutron diffraction in a model itinerant metal near a quantum critical point
Creators: name: Sokolov, D. A.
name: Aronson, M. C.
name: Erwin, R.
name: Lynn, J. W.
name: Lumsden, M. D.
name: Nagler, S. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron diffraction measurements on single crystals of Cr1-xVx (x=0, 0.02, 0.037) show that the ordering moment and the Neel temperature are continuously suppressed as x approaches 0.037, a proposed Quantum Critical Point (QCP). The wave vector Q of the spin density wave (SDW) becomes more incommensurate as x increases in accordance with the two band model. At xc=0.037 we have found temperature dependent, resolution limited elastic scattering at 4 incommensurate wave vectors Q=(1+/-delta_1,2, 0, 0)*2pi/a, which correspond to 2 SDWs with Neel temperatures of 19 K and 300 K. Our neutron diffraction measurements indicate that the electronic structure of Cr is robust, and that tuning Cr to its QCP results not in the suppression of antiferromagnetism, but instead enables new spin ordering due to novel nesting of the Fermi surface of Cr.
description: Submitted as a part of proceedings of LT25 (Amsterdam 2008)
Primordial Black Holes from Confinement
Creators: name: Dvali, Gia
name: Kuhnel, Florian
name: Zantedeschi, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mechanism for the formation of primordial black holes is proposed. Here, heavy quarks of a confining gauge theory produced by de Sitter fluctuations are pushed apart by inflation and get confined after horizon re-entry. The large amount of energy stored in the colour flux tubes connecting the quark pair leads to black-hole formation. These are much lighter and can be of higher spin than those produced by standard collapse of horizon-size inflationary overdensities. Other difficulties exhibited by such mechanisms are also avoided. Phenomenological features of the new mechanism are discussed as well as accounting for both the entirety of the dark matter and the supermassive black holes in the galactic centres. Under proper conditions, the mechanism can be realised in a generic confinement theory, including ordinary QCD. We discuss a possible string-theoretic realisation via $D$-branes. Interestingly, for conservative values of the string scale, the produced gravity waves are within the range of recent NANOGrav data. Simple generalisations of the mechanism allow for the existence of a significant scalar component of gravity waves with distinct observational signatures.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; modifications to match published version
The effects of unemployment on the spousal relationship
Creators: name: Johnson, Murray Stuart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: A study was conducted to examine the effects of unemployment on the couple relationship, including each spouse's perception of self, other and the family environment during the period of unemployment. Fourteen couples were interviewed. Following the interview, the Dyadic Adjustment Scale(DAS), (Spanier, 1976) and the Family Environment Scale FES, (Moos & Moos, 1976) were administered. DAS results for the couples interviewed in this study suggest very little perceived difference in the marital relationship pre and post unemployment. As a group, the sample studied fell within the normal range of adjustment suggested by Spanier. Only two couples fell below one standard deviation of Spanier's mean for married couples. FES results for the couples interviewed were, on the whole, high in the areas of expressiveness, independence, achievement orientation, active-recreational orientation, moral-religious emphasis and conflict. These results suggest that, as a group, the couples interviewed were able to cope with higher than normal levels of conflict through a high level of cohesion and expressiveness along with an emphasis on personal growth. During the period of unemployment, changes in events or behavior that were self generated tended to have a positive effect on individuals. Changes which occurred outside of their control tended to have a negative effect on individuals and couples. Effective coping strategies clustered around increased involvement in parenting, attending support groups and personal growth workshops, relying on friends and exploring alternative, self-employment possibilities. The wives of the unemployed tended to cope with unemployment of their spouse by being supportive and encouraging. These results may help other individuals and couples find effective ways of coping with unemployment. These results may also aid counsellors in understanding how couples cope with unemployment and lead to more effective interventions for this population.
title: Spectra of indefinite linear operator pencils
Creators: name: Ozturk, Hasen Mekki
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2019

description: In recent years, there has been a rapid growth of interest in spectral properties of non-self-adjoint operators and operator pencils. This thesis is concerned with indefinite self-adjoint linear pencils which lead to a special class of non-self-adjoint spectral problems. These problems are not well understood, and, in general, many sign-indefinite problems which are trivial to state require some highly non-trivial analysis. We look at indefinite linear pencil problems from the perspective of a two parameter eigenvalue problem. We derive localisation results for real eigenvalues and present several examples. We also use different approaches to obtain estimates of non-real eigenvalues, supported by a large number of numerical experiments. Additionally, these experiments lead to various open questions and conjectures.
Comparison Of Sealing Methods For Polymer Electrolyte Membrane
Creators: name: Mueller, Gregor
name: Pahmeyer, Rebecca
name: Radlovic, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Polymer Electrolyte Membrane (PEM) Fuel Cells
subject: humidifier membrane
subject: PFSA
subject: technology screening
subject: technology selection
subject: flat membrane humidifiers
subject: automotive industry
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The use of flat membrane humidifiers increases efficiency and extends the lifetime of fuel cells by humidifying the inlet airstream. The conditions under which the membranes mainly operate are determined by humidity, temperature, and pressure. The flat membrane humidifier uses the cathode-outflow of the flue cell to humidify the inlet airstream. Commonly available PFSA sandwich membranes are not necessarily designed to suit these operational conditions. Delamination of PFSA and the reinforcement layers may occur due to weak connection between the different layers. A delamination may lead to leakage, which could result in a bypass and pressure loss of the in- and outflow of the fuel cell. As a consequence, delamination of the PFSA membrane may cause failures of the flat membrane humidifier operation. To avoid delamination under such thermal and humidified conditions, it is necessary to strengthen the membrane during preparatory production steps against delamination. This paper examines different methods to strengthen the sandwich membrane against delamination due to water intake. It compares the effect of different sealing processes, focusing on increasing resistance against delamination. The investigated methods can also find application in PFSA membranes used under similar conditions, such as fuel cells. The technology selection process is focused on technologies enabling the flat membrane humidifier mass production for the automotive supplier MAHLE.
Building a Knowledge Graph from Deviation Documentation for Problem-Solving on the Shop Floor
Creators: name: Wang, Yuxi
name: Bretones Cassoli, Beatriz
name: Metternich, Joachim
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Shop Floor Management
subject: Deviation Management
subject: Problem Solving
subject: Knowledge Graph
subject: Decision Support System
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: The description of deviations on the shop floor includes information about the deviation itself, possible causes and countermeasures. This information about current and already processed deviations and problems is a valuable source for future activities in the context of problem-solving and deviation management. However, extracting information from unstructured textual data is challenging. Furthermore, the relationships among the heterogeneous data are hard to represent. This paper proposes a framework to extract the knowledge contained in the deviation documentation and store it in a knowledge graph as triples. The proposed knowledge graph can then be used for the decision support system in production and will support more application scenarios in shop floor management in the future.
Polygon Interface Analysis: A Concept For Analyzing Production Site Interactions In Urban Areas
Creators: name: Görgens, Severin J.
name: Meyer, Kolja H.
name: Wetzel, Anne
name: Mennenga, Mark
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Urban Production
subject: Urban Manufacturing
subject: Interface Analysis
subject: Location Analysis
subject: Polygon Interface Analysis
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Urban production bears the potential to not only reduce the negative impacts of production processes and global supply chains but also to generate a positive contribution to society and the environment when integrated symbiotically into the urban context. However, especially in urban areas, production is often associated with negative impacts on the surrounding environment. Therefore, the interactions between producing companies and their environment need to be considered and analysed. Hence, we derive a conceptual model that allows the exploitation of the potentials of urban locations for production by focusing on the interfaces between urban production and the urban environment. For this purpose, the Polygon Interface Analysis [P.I.A.] is introduced. It makes use of the principle of a Rubik's Cube or a Caesar Cipher by altering layers for matchmaking and integrates the business, city and interface perspective into an applicable analysis approach. To conceptualize this model existing approaches from the fields of factory planning and strategy development are examined in regard to their suitability for applying those for a location analysis of urban factories. Based on this, a suggestion for the application of the P.I.A. is given. The application of the model allows for the improvement of manufacturing integration in urban environments by supporting factory planning decisions, production system design, as well as location and site analysis for urban production.
Planning And Controlling Multi-Project Environments In Factories
Creators: name: Hook, Justin
name: Nielsen, Lars
name: Nyhuis, Peter
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Factory planning
subject: Project Portfolio Management
subject: Resource Allocation
subject: Process Model
subject: Project Management
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Companies regularly undertake projects to maintain their competitiveness by adapting and embracing change. Multi-project management (MPM) is crucial for companies as it enables efficient planning and control of multiple projects, ensuring they are executed effectively and delivered on time. It helps to optimise resource allocation, minimise conflicts, and maximise overall project success, ultimately contributing to the organisation's competitiveness and growth. However, existing MPM models often lack a specific focus on the goals and requirements of the factory setting, as they aim for broad applicability. A process model should consider the project context and the interdependencies among its tasks. To address this, a new concept is necessary to efficiently plan and control a multi-project environment within a factory. To develop a suitable process model for MPM in a factory, insights from MPM practices and the production environment are required. Including those insights, project landscapes can be planned and controlled effectively and efficiently. This article provides a summary of the approach developed by the Institute of Production Systems and Logistics, with a particular emphasis on the relationships between actuating, control, and target variables.
Factors which facilitate and hinder psycho-social adjustment for mothers who are living apart from their children
Creators: name: Larsen, Lori B.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: There is very little information in the literature on mothers without custody of their children. In an attempt to partially remedy this situation an exploratory study, based on in-depth interviews with mothers who voluntarily chose to live apart from their children, was conducted. The aim was to identify the factors facilitating and hindering adjustment for these women. Using a sample of 17 women who volunteered for the study, the critical incident technique was employed to gather data from the participants. The collected incidents were then grouped into categories and descriptive statements were formulated about each one. There were 212 critical incidents collected from the 17 participants. These incidents were grouped into 3 main categories and 15 sub-categories. The categories provide a concise and easily understood description of the facilitating and hindering factors affecting adjustment for non-custodial mothers. The reliability of the placement of items into the appropriate categories was tested by using four independent raters, using percentage of agreement as an index of reliability. Recommendations for supportive services and programs needed by, these women are offered. Therefore, the findings are useful for planning and implementing future programs for non-custodial mothers. As well, guidelines are presented for individual, family, and divorce mediation counsellors who find themselves working with this group of women.
Manufacturing Change Management - A Survey On Current Challenges, The State Of Digitalization And The Application Of Change Impact Analysis In Industrial Practice
Creators: name: Rammo, Jan-Philipp
name: Graf, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Manufacturing Change Management
subject: Change Impact Analysis
subject: Digitalization
subject: Web-based Survey
subject: Industrial Practice
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: Modern manufacturing companies operate in a complex and highly dynamic environment. External factors such as new legislations and customer demands, as well as internal factors such as fluctuations in production rates and frequent product changes, make it essential for companies to respond quickly and effectively to changes of all kinds. Scientific literature already provides various processes and methods to manage Manufacturing Changes (MCs) efficiently and to precisely assess their possible impacts. Building upon the existing literature, this survey-based study aims to gain practical insights into the implementation of Manufacturing Change Management (MCM) and Change Impact Analysis (CIA) in real-world industrial settings. By examining the current challenges and exploring the state of digitalization, this research provides valuable insights to complement and further develop the existing theoretical frameworks. In order to gather diverse knowledge from experts across various industries, a web-based survey was conducted, with 99 participants representing 15 different industries. After introducing the necessary theoretical foundations and the current state of research in MCM literature, this contribution describes in detail the methodology of the survey development. The survey findings are then outlined and discussed thoroughly. Finally, the contribution concludes by offering an outlook on future research perspectives based on the identified industry challenges.
Chandra Observation of the Edge-on Spiral NGC 5775: Probing the Hot Galactic Disk/Halo Connection
Creators: name: Li, J. T.
name: Li, Z. Y.
name: Wang, Q. D.
name: Irwin, J. A.
name: Rossa, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the edge-on galaxy NGC 5775, utilizing a 58.2 ks {\sl Chandra} ACIS-S observation together with complementary {\sl HST} ACS, {\sl Spitzer} IRAC and other multi-wavelength data sets. This edge-on galaxy, with its disk-wide active star formation, is particularly well-suited for studying the disk/halo interaction on sub-galactic scales. We detect 27 discrete X-ray sources within the $D_{25}$ region of the galaxy, including an ultra-luminous source with a 0.3-7 keV luminosity of $\sim7\times10^{40}\rm ergs s^{-1}$. The source-removed diffuse X-ray emission shows several prominent extraplanar features, including a $\sim10\rm kpc$ diameter ``shell-like'' feature and a ``blob'' reaching a projected distance of $\sim25\rm kpc$ from the galactic disk. The bulk of the X-ray emission in the halo has a scale height of $\sim$1.5 kpc and can be characterized by a two-temperature optically thin thermal plasma with temperatures of $\sim$ 0.2 and 0.6 keV and a total 0.3-2 keV luminosity of $\sim3.5\times10^{39}\rm ergs s^{-1}$. The high-resolution, multi-wavelength data reveal the presence of several extraplanar features around the disk, which appear to be associated with the in-disk star formation. We suggest that hot gas produced with different levels of mass loading can have different temperatures, which may explain the characteristic temperatures of hot gas in the halo. We have obtained a sub-galactic scale X-ray-intensity-star formation relation, which is consistent with the integrated version in other star forming galaxies.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures, 4 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Comparing Research Trends and Industrial Adoption of Manufacturing Operations Management Solutions
Creators: name: Oberle, Michael
name: Schel, Daniel
name: Risling, Monika
name: Bauernhansl, Thomas
Publisher: name: Hannover : publish-Ing.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Manufacturing Execution System
subject: Manufacturing Operations Management
subject: Cloud technology
subject: Microservices
subject: VDI 5600
subject: IEC 62264
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau

description: For decades, the operations on the shop floor of manufacturing organizations have been supported by Manufacturing Execution Systems. In this paper, we investigate the trends of Manufacturing Operations Management in the research community and analyze of the adoption in the industry. Our literature review identifies the following trends for Manufacturing Operations Management: distributed system architectures, cloud technology, and use of standards. We conducted a survey targeting Manufacturing Operations Management solution providers and adopters to explore the adoption of these trends. The survey results show that the use of standards is already addressed to some extent by the industry. Practitioners anticipate distributed system architectures for Manufacturing Operations Management solutions in the future. However, practitioners are still reluctant towards cloud-only technology and will continue to be so in the foreseeable future.
Emergent universe revisited through the CSL theory
Creators: name: Bengochea, Gabriel R.
name: Piccirilli, María Pía
name: León, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we analyze how the spectrum of primordial scalar perturbations is modified, within the emergent universe scenario, when a particular version of the Continuous Spontaneous Localization (CSL) model is incorporated as the generating mechanism of initial perturbations, providing also an explanation to the quantum-to-classical transition of such perturbations. On the other hand, a phase of super-inflation, prior to slow-roll inflation, is a characteristic feature of the emergent universe hypothesis. In recent works, it was shown that the super-inflation phase could generically induce a suppression of the temperature anisotropies of the CMB at large angular scales. We study here under what conditions the CSL maintains or modifies these characteristics of the emergent universe and their compatibility with the CMB observations.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures. Some references added. Version accepted in EPJC