cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Effects of Tilt on the Time Variability of Millimeter and Infrared Emission from Sagittarius A*
Creators: name: White, Christopher J.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a combination of general-relativistic magnetohydrodynamics simulations and ray tracing of synchrotron emission, we study the effect of modest (24 degrees) misalignment between the black hole spin and plasma angular momentum, focusing on the variability of total flux, image centroids, and image sizes. We consider both millimeter and infrared (IR) observables motivated by Sagittarius A* (Sgr A*), though our results apply more generally to optically thin flows. For most quantities, tilted accretion is more variable, primarily due to a significantly hotter and denser "coronal" region well off the disk midplane. We find (1) a 150% increase in millimeter light curve variability when adding tilt to the flow; (2) the tilted image centroid in the millimeter shifts on a scale of 3.7 microarcseconds over 28 hours (5000 gravitational times) for some electron temperature models; (3) tilted disk image diameters in the millimeter can be 10% larger (52 versus 47 microarcseconds) than those of aligned disks at certain viewing angles; (4) the tilted models produce significant IR flux, similar to that seen in Sgr A*, with comparable or even greater variability than observed; (5) for some electron models, the tilted IR centroid moves by more than 50 microarcseconds over several hours, in a similar fashion to the centroid motion detected by the GRAVITY interferometer.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ; figures and numbers slightly updated from previous version with additional data, but conclusions are unchanged
Historical Understandings of Derivative Works and Modern Copyright Policy
Creators: name: Goodman, Jessica Dickinson
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: The Fair Use Doctrine allows unauthorized uses of copyrighted works by scholars, reporters, and parodists but does little to protect creative critics or non-commercial transformative works. The Fair Use Doctrine is valuable because it provides cover for criticism, derivation, and creativity using copyrighted works without requiring permission. It also acknowledges the derivative nature of much creation. To better protect derivative works and their authors, fair use must be modified in two ways. First, creative criticisms of non-technical works should receive stronger protection. Second, non-commercial derivative works should be presumptively fair use. These modifications will be a start towards protecting a large and vibrant community producing both creatively critical and entertaining derivative works borrowing from the settings, characters and concerns of earlier authors.
Outcomes of Hormone-Receptor Positive, HER2-Negative Breast Cancers by Race and Tumor Biological Features
Creators: name: Earp, H.S.
name: Kirk, E.L.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Troester, M.A.
name: Nichols, H.B.
name: Benefield, H.C.
name: Hoadley, K.A.
name: Calhoun, B.C.
name: Carey, L.A.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Love, M.I.
name: Perou, C.M.
name: Reeder-Hayes, K.E.
name: Geradts, J.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2021

description: Background: Black women have higher hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer mortality than White women. Early recurrence rates differ by race, but little is known about genomic predictors of early recurrence among HR+ women. Methods: Using data from the Carolina Breast Cancer Study (phase III, 2008-2013), we estimated associations between race and recurrence among nonmetastatic HR+/HER2-negative tumors, overall and by PAM50 Risk of Recurrence score, PAM50 intrinsic subtype, and tumor grade using survival curves and Cox models standardized for age and stage. Relative frequency differences (RFD) were estimated using multivariable linear regression. To assess intervention opportunities, we evaluated treatment patterns by race among patients with high-risk disease. Results: Black women had higher recurrence risk relative to White women (crude hazard ratio = 1.81, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.34 to 2.46), which remained elevated after standardizing for clinical covariates (hazard ratio = 1.42, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.93). Racial disparities were most pronounced among those with high PAM50 Risk of Recurrence score (5-year standardized recurrence risk = 18.9%, 95% CI = 8.6% to 29.1% in Black women vs 12.5%, 95% CI = 2.0% to 23.0% in White women) and high grade (5-year standardized recurrence risk = 16.6%, 95% CI = 11.7% to 21.5% in Black women vs 12.0%, 95% CI = 7.3% to 16.7% in White women). However, Black women with high-grade tumors were statistically significantly less likely to initiate endocrine therapy (RFD = -8.3%, 95% CI = -15.9% to -0.6%) and experienced treatment delay more often than White women (RFD = +9.0%, 95% CI = 0.3% to 17.8%). Conclusions: Differences in recurrence by race appear greatest among women with aggressive tumors and may be influenced by treatment differences. Efforts to identify causes of variation in cancer treatment are critical to reducing outcome disparities.
Global portraits of nonminimal teleparallel inflation
Creators: name: Järv, Laur
name: Lember, Joosep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct the global phase portraits of inflationary dynamics in teleparallel gravity models with a scalar field nonminimally coupled to torsion scalar. The adopted set of variables can clearly distinguish between different asymptotic states as fixed points, including the kinetic and inflationary regimes. The key role in the description of inflation is played by the heteroclinic orbits which run from the asymptotic saddle points to the late time attractor point and are approximated by nonminimal slow roll conditions. To seek the asymptotic fixed points we outline a heuristic method in terms of the "effective potential" and "effective mass", which can be applied for any nonminimally coupled theories. As particular examples we study positive quadratic nonminimal couplings with quadratic and quartic potentials, and note how the portraits differ qualitatively from the known scalar-curvature counterparts. For quadratic models inflation can only occur at small nonminimal coupling to torsion, as for larger coupling the asymptotic de Sitter saddle point disappears from the physical phase space. Teleparallel models with quartic potentials are not viable for inflation at all, since for small nonminimal coupling the asymptotic saddle point exhibits weaker than exponential expansion, and for larger coupling disappears too.
description: 22 pages, 14 plots; v2: minor typos corrected, references added, version accepted by "Universe"
Macroscopic Resonant Tunneling through Andreev Interferometers
Creators: name: Goorden, M. C.
name: Jacquod, Ph.
name: Weiss, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the conductance through and the spectrum of ballistic chaotic quantum dots attached to two s-wave superconductors, as a function of the phase difference $ϕ$ between the two order parameters. A combination of analytical techniques -- random matrix theory, Nazarov's circuit theory and the trajectory-based semiclassical theory -- allows us to explore the quantum-to-classical crossover in detail. When the superconductors are not phase-biased, $ϕ=0$, we recover known results that the spectrum of the quantum dot exhibits an excitation gap, while the conductance across two normal leads carrying $N_{\rm N}$ channels and connected to the dot via tunnel contacts of transparency $Γ_{\rm N}$ is $\propto Γ_{\rm N}^2 N_{\rm N}$. In contrast, when $ϕ=π$, the excitation gap closes and the conductance becomes $G \propto Γ_{\rm N} N_{\rm N}$ in the universal regime. For $Γ_{\rm N} \ll 1$, we observe an order-of-magnitude enhancement of the conductance towards $G \propto N_{\rm N}$ in the short-wavelength limit. We relate this enhancement to resonant tunneling through a macroscopic number of levels close to the Fermi energy. Our predictions are corroborated by numerical simulations.
Local magnetic moments and electronic transport in closed loop quantum dot systems: a case of quadruple quantum dot ring at and away from equilibrium
Creators: name: Protsenko, V. S.
name: Katanin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the non-equilibrium functional renormalization group approach treating flow of the electronic self-energies, to describe local magnetic moments formation and electronic transport in a quadruple quantum dot (QQD) ring, coupled to leads, with moderate Coulomb interaction on the quantum dots. We find that at zero temperature depending on parameters of the QQD system the regimes with zero, one, or two almost local magnetic moments in the ring can be realized, and the results of the considered approach in equilibrium agree qualitatively with those of more sophisticated fRG approach treating also flow of the vertices. It is shown that the almost formed local magnetic moments, which exist in the equilibrium, remain stable in a wide range of bias voltages near equilibrium. The destruction of the local magnetic moments with increasing bias voltage is realized in one or two stages, depending on the parameters of the system; for two-stage process the intermediate phase possesses fractional magnetic moment. We present zero-temperature results for current-voltage dependences and differential conductances of the system, which exhibit sharp features at the transition points between different magnetic states. The occurrence of interaction induced negative differential conductance phenomenon is demonstrated and discussed. For one local moment in the ring and finite hopping between the opposite quantum dots, connected to the leads, we find suppression of the conductance for one of the spin projections in infinitesimally small magnetic field, which occurs due to destructive interference of different electron propagation paths and can be used in spintronic devices.
description: 19 pages, 19 figures
Additional file 1 of Analysis of determinants of postpartum emotional disorders
Creators: name: Iwanowicz-Palus, Grażyna
name: Marcewicz, Agnieszka
name: Bień, Agnieszka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A Lattice Calculation of the Heavy Quark Universal Form Factor
Creators: name: Mandula, Jeffrey E.
name: Ogilvie, Michael C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A computation of the Isgur-Wise universal form factor using a lattice implementation of the heavy quark effective theory is described, and the results of a lattice simulation are presented.
description: 3 pages in postscript
[Letter from E. G. Weeks to Roger Kee Cheng]
[E. G. Weeks 將軍致 Roger Kee Cheng 的信]
Creators: name: Weeks, E. G.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Letter from General E. G. Weeks expresses, on behalf of the Minister of National Defence and the Army Council, their appreciation for Roger Kee Cheng's service in the Canadian Armed Forces and wishes Roger Kee Cheng the best in the future.
High Frequency Trading, International Markets, and Regulation
Creators: name: Hudak, Marko
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics

description: In a recent interview with 60 Minutes (2014), prominent author Michael Lewis explained, “the United States stock market, the most iconic market in global capitalism, is rigged.” Millions of unregulated transactions occur in fractions of a second on a daily basis, avoiding documentation. Several key players are paying hundreds of millions of dollars to gain unfair advantages at the expense of traditional game players. High frequency trading (HFT) has been publicly scrutinized for its adverse effects to the domestic market place. Nowadays, it is not uncommon to find an article about an investigation due to high frequency traders colluding and sharing private information in major news publications. This fascinating, evolutionary topic has gained mass attention, yet received limited regulation from authorities in charge of maintaining a fair market environment. With an ever-changing technological landscape, it is paramount to maintain the integrity upon which the stock exchanges and extended marketplaces were founded
Non-Invasive Imaging Method of Microwave Near Field Based on Solid State Quantum Sensing
Creators: name: Yang, Bo
name: Du, Guanxiang
name: Dong, Yue
name: Liu, Guoquan
name: Hu, Zhenzhong
name: Wang, Yongjin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a non-invasive imaging method of microwave near field using a diamond containing nitrogen-vacancy centers. We applied synchronous pulsed sequence combined with charge coupled device camera to measure the amplitude of the microwave magnetic field. A full reconstruction formulation of the local field vector, including the amplitude and phase, is developed by measuring both left and right circular polarizations along the four nitrogen-vacancy axes. Compared to the raster scanning approach, the two dimensional imaging method is promising for application to circuit failure analysis. A diamond film with micrometer thinness enables high-resolution near field imaging. The proposed method is expected to have applications in monolithic-microwave-integrated circuit chip local diagnosis, antenna characterization, and field mode imaging of microwave cavities and waveguides.
Gaining Free or Low-Cost Transparency with Interpretable Partial Substitute
Creators: name: Wang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work addresses the situation where a black-box model with good predictive performance is chosen over its interpretable competitors, and we show interpretability is still achievable in this case. Our solution is to find an interpretable substitute on a subset of data where the black-box model is overkill or nearly overkill while leaving the rest to the black-box. This transparency is obtained at minimal cost or no cost of the predictive performance. Under this framework, we develop a Hybrid Rule Sets (HyRS) model that uses decision rules to capture the subspace of data where the rules are as accurate or almost as accurate as the black-box provided. To train a HyRS, we devise an efficient search algorithm that iteratively finds the optimal model and exploits theoretically grounded strategies to reduce computation. Our framework is agnostic to the black-box during training. Experiments on structured and text data show that HyRS obtains an effective trade-off between transparency and interpretability.
Large Deviations for Random Trees
Creators: name: Bakhtin, Yuri
name: Heitsch, Christine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80; 60C05; 60F10; 82B20

description: We consider large random trees under Gibbs distributions and prove a Large Deviation Principle (LDP) for the distribution of degrees of vertices of the tree. The LDP rate function is given explicitly. An immediate consequence is a Law of Large Numbers for the distribution of vertex degrees in a large random tree. Our motivation for this study comes from the analysis of RNA secondary structures.
description: 10 pages
Hemispheric Differences in Higher-Order Object Processing and Effect of Expertise: Modular vs. Distributed Perspectives
Creators: name: Peng, Cynthia S.
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: What is the process by which our brains recognize higher-order visual objects, like faces, words and foreign scripts? How does perception change with experience, and what are the implications for human behavior? We are interested in exploring the extent to which face processing and word processing are mediated by different or same hemispheric mechanisms, and the extent to which experience with a particular orthographic script (English, Chinese) influences this hemispheric specialization. Two groups of participants were recruited: those who have never formally studied Chinese, and whose native language is English, and those whose native language was Chinese, and acquired English as a second language. A split-field psychophysics paradigm tests for competition and cooperation across hemispheres when participants match displays of faces or words or Chinese characters presented in the left or right visual field. Accuracy and reaction time are compared for a left versus right visual field presentation to determine hemispheric gradation for these three classes of stimuli. Whereas native English speakers show a right hemisphere advantage for faces and left hemisphere advantage for words, native Chinese speakers show a left hemispheric advantage for faces and no hemispheric advantage for words. Both groups show a left hemispheric dominance for Chinese characters. The differences and similarity between the two groups brings to light the role of experience in object representation and the potential malleability of neural resources. Results have implications for perceptual expertise, cortical plasticity, and experience-dependent perceptual learning.
Longitudinal compression and transverse matching of electron bunch for external injection LPWA at ESCULAP
Creators: name: Wang, K.
name: Baynard, E.
name: Bruni, C.
name: Cassou, K.
name: Chaumat, V.
name: Delerue, N.
name: Demailly, J.
name: Douillet, D.
name: Kamchi, N. El.
name: Garzella, D.
name: Guilbaud, O.
name: Jenzer, S.
name: Kazamias, S.
name: Kubytskyi, V.
name: Lepercq, P.
name: Lucas, B.
name: Maynard, G.
name: Neveu, O.
name: Pittman, M.
name: Prazeres, R.
name: Purwar, H.
name: Ros, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present theoretical and numerical studies of longitudinal compression and transverse matching of electron bunch before injecting into the Laser-plasma Wake Field Accelerator (LWFA) foreseen at the ESCULAP project in ORSAY. Longitudinal compression is performed with a dogleg chicane, the chicane is designed based on theory of beam optics, beam dynamics in dogleg is studied with ImpactT and cross checked with CSRtrack, both 3D space charge (SC) and coherent synchrotron radiation (CSR) effects are included. Simulation results show that the energy chirp at the dogleg entrance should be smaller than the nominal optic design value, in order to compensate the negative energy chirp increase caused by longitudinal SC, while CSR can be ignored in our case. With an optimized configuration, the electron bunch ($\sim$10MeV, 10pC) is compressed from 0.9ps RMS to 70fs RMS (53fs FWHM), with a peak current of 152A. Transverse matching is realized with a doublet and a triplet, they are matched with Madx and the electron bunch is tracked with ImpactT, simulation results show little difference with the nominal design values, that is due to the SC effect. Finally, by simply adjusting the quadrupole strength, a preliminary optimized configuration has been achieved, that matches the Courant-Snyder (C-S) parameters to $α_{x}=0.01$,$α_{y}=-0.02$, $β_{x}=0.014$m,$β_{y}=0.012$m at the plasma entrance.
Additional file 12 of The transcriptome profile of human trisomy 21 blood cells
Creators: name: Antonaros, Francesca
name: Zenatelli, Rossella
name: Guerri, Giulia
name: Bertelli, Matteo
name: Locatelli, Chiara
name: Vione, Beatrice
name: Catapano, Francesca
name: Gori, Alice
name: Vitale, Lorenza
name: Pelleri, Maria Chiara
name: Ramacieri, Giuseppe
name: Cocchi, Guido
name: Strippoli, Pierluigi
name: Caracausi, Maria
name: Piovesan, Allison
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 12: Supplementary Table 11. Details of transcriptome maps used in the comparisons.
"UCHINCHI RENESSANS – TA`LIM VA TARAQQIYOT: O`TMISH, BUGUN VA KELAJAK"
Creators: name: Matchonova, Mashhura
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Markaziy Osiyoda IX-XII  va XIV-XV asrlarda yuz bergan majoziy ma’noda Birinchi va Ikkinchi renessans yoki  “ Uyg`onish” hodisasi sodir bo`ldi. Ya’ni ilm-fan, ta’lim va madaniyat, din sohalarida ko`plab ilmiy va diniy asarlar yaratildi. Ko`plab olim va shoirlar bu asrlarda  samarali ijod qildi. Olib borilgan ilmiy  izlanishlar natijasida yerning geografik kengligi aniqlandi, yer sharining g`arbiy qismida ham quruqlik borligi taxmin qilindi, koinotdagi 1018 ta yulduzlarning  o`rni va holati yetarlicha sharhlab berildi. Maqolada O`rta asr Sharq allomalarining ilmiy merosi qisman yoritib o`tiladi, shuningdek ularning jahon ilm-fan rivojiga qo`shgan hissasi haqida ham ma’lumotlar keltiriladi. Allomalarning ilmiy merosi bugungi kungacha ham o`z ahamiyatini yo`qotmay kelmoqda va yosh avlodlar ularning qoldirgan asarlari mohiyatini o`rganish va umuminsoniy merosi tizimidagi o`rnini ko`rsatishga harakat qilmoqdalar.
Cherenkov Radiation from a Hollow Conical Targets: Off-Axis Charge Motion
Creators: name: Tyukhtin, Andrey V.
name: Galyamin, Sergey N.
name: Vorobev, Viktor V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cherenkov radiation (CR) generated by a charge moving through a hollow conical target made of dielectric material is analyzed. We consider two cases: the charge moves from the base of the cone to its top (``straight'' cone) or from the top to the base (``inverted'' cone). Unlike previous papers, a nonzero shift of the charge trajectory from the symmetry axis is taken into account which leads to generation of asymmetric CR. The most interesting effect is the phenomenon of ``Cherenkov spotlight'' which has been reported earlier for axially symmetric problems. This effect allows essential enhancement of the CR intensity in the far-field region by proper selection of the target's parameters and charge velocity. Here we describe the influence of charge shift on CR far-field patterns paying the main attention to the ``Cherenkov spotlight'' regime. Influence of variation of the charge speed on this phenomenon is also investigated.
Poroelastic near-field inverse scattering
Creators: name: Pourahmadian, Fatemeh
name: Napal, Kevish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multiphysics data analytic platform is established for imaging poroelastic interfaces of finite permeability (e.g., hydraulic fractures) from elastic waveforms and/or acoustic pore pressure measurements. This is accomplished through recent advances in design of non-iterative sampling methods to inverse scattering. The direct problem is formulated via the Biot equations in the frequency domain where a network of discontinuities is illuminated by a set of total body forces and fluid volumetric sources, while monitoring the induced (acoustic and elastic) scattered waves in an arbitrary near-field configuration. A thin-layer approximation is deployed to capture the rough and multiphase nature of interfaces whose spatially varying hydro-mechanical properties are a priori unknown. In this setting, the well-posedness analysis of the forward problem yields the admissibility conditions for the contact parameters. In light of which, the poroelastic scattering operator and its first and second factorizations are introduced and their mathematical properties are carefully examined. It is shown that the non-selfadjoint nature of the Biot system leads to an intrinsically asymmetric factorization of the scattering operator which may be symmetrized at certain limits. These results furnish a robust framework for systematic design of regularized and convex cost functionals whose minimizers underpin the multiphysics imaging indicators. The proposed solution is synthetically implemented with application to spatiotemporal reconstruction of hydraulic fracture networks via deep-well measurements.
Fully Learnable Deep Wavelet Transform for Unsupervised Monitoring of High-Frequency Time Series
Creators: name: Michau, Gabriel
name: Frusque, Gaetan
name: Fink, Olga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: High-Frequency (HF) signals are ubiquitous in the industrial world and are of great use for monitoring of industrial assets. Most deep learning tools are designed for inputs of fixed and/or very limited size and many successful applications of deep learning to the industrial context use as inputs extracted features, which is a manually and often arduously obtained compact representation of the original signal. In this paper, we propose a fully unsupervised deep learning framework that is able to extract a meaningful and sparse representation of raw HF signals. We embed in our architecture important properties of the fast discrete wavelet transformation (FDWT) such as (1) the cascade algorithm, (2) the conjugate quadrature filter property that links together the wavelet, the scaling and transposed filter functions, and (3) the coefficient denoising. Using deep learning, we make this architecture fully learnable: both the wavelet bases and the wavelet coefficient denoising are learnable. To achieve this objective, we propose a new activation function that performs a learnable hard-thresholding of the wavelet coefficients. With our framework, the denoising FDWT becomes a fully learnable unsupervised tool that does neither require any type of pre- nor post-processing, nor any prior knowledge on wavelet transform. We demonstrate the benefits of embedding all these properties on three machine-learning tasks performed on open source sound datasets. We perform an ablation study of the impact of each property on the performance of the architecture, achieve results well above baseline and outperform other state-of-the-art methods.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 3 tables
title: Black hole X-ray binaries LMC X–1 and X–3: observations confront spectral models
Creators: name: Yao, Y
name: Wang, QD
name: Zhang, SN
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: * black hole physics; * stars: individual: LMC X–1; * stars: individual: LMC X–3; * X-rays: stars
subject: Astrophysics and Astronomy

description: This is the pre-published version harvested from ArXiv. The published version is located at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2005.09294.x/abstract
description: We present a comprehensive spectral analysis of black hole X-ray binaries, LMC X–1 and X–3, based on BeppoSAX observations. We test both the multicolour disc plus power-law (MCD+PL) model and a newly developed Monte Carlo simulation-based model for a Comptonized MCD (CMCD) with either a spherical or a slab-like corona, by comparing the inferred parameters with independent direct measurements. While all models give an adequate description of the spectra, we find a significant discrepancy between the MCD+PL inferred X-ray-absorbing gas column density and the absorption-edge measurement based on dispersed X-ray spectra. The MCD+PL fits to the LMC X–1 spectra also require a change in the inner disc radius during the BeppoSAX observation, which may be due to the unphysical effects inherited in the model. In contrast, the CMCD model with the spherical corona gives predictions of both the disc inclination angle and the absorption that are consistent with the direct measurements, and only slightly underpredicts the black hole mass of LMC X–3. The model explains the spectral state evolution of LMC X–1 within the BeppoSAX observation as a change in the accretion rate, which leads to an increase in both the inner disc temperature and the Comptonization opacity. On the other hand, the CMCD model with the slab-like corona is more problematic in the test and is thus not recommended.
title: 01_1051
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Heart of Caution: An Analysis of Post‐Conflict State Building in Rwanda
Creators: name: Faradji, Sara
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: When one imagines the small African nation of Rwanda, it is difficult not to think of the brutal genocide that occurred over a period of about 100 days beginning in April of 1994, a national tragedy that resulted in the massacre of 20% of the national population. While the nation may be trying its best to redesign a new image for itself, it is clear that the genocide has left a lasting mark on Rwanda’s history and has strongly influenced international and scholarly perceptions of the country for decades
Practical Bayesian Modeling and Inference for Massive Spatial Datasets On Modest Computing Environments
Creators: name: Zhang, Lu
name: Datta, Abhirup
name: Banerjee, Sudipto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With continued advances in Geographic Information Systems and related computational technologies, statisticians are often required to analyze very large spatial datasets. This has generated substantial interest over the last decade, already too vast to be summarized here, in scalable methodologies for analyzing large spatial datasets. Scalable spatial process models have been found especially attractive due to their richness and flexibility and, particularly so in the Bayesian paradigm, due to their presence in hierarchical model settings. However, the vast majority of research articles present in this domain have been geared toward innovative theory or more complex model development. Very limited attention has been accorded to approaches for easily implementable scalable hierarchical models for the practicing scientist or spatial analyst. This article is submitted to the Practice section of the journal with the aim of developing massively scalable Bayesian approaches that can rapidly deliver Bayesian inference on spatial process that are practically indistinguishable from inference obtained using more expensive alternatives. A key emphasis is on implementation within very standard (modest) computing environments (e.g., a standard desktop or laptop) using easily available statistical software packages without requiring message-parsing interfaces or parallel programming paradigms. Key insights are offered regarding assumptions and approximations concerning practical efficiency.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, 2 tables
A Search for Mid-Infrared Molecular Hydrogen Emission from Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Carmona, A.
name: Ancker, M. E van den
name: Henning, Th.
name: Pavlyuchenkov, Ya.
name: Dullemond, C. P.
name: Goto, M.
name: Thi, W. F-.
name: Bouwman, J.
name: Waters, L. B. F. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observed the Herbig Ae/Be stars UX Ori, HD 34282, HD 100453, HD 101412, HD 104237 and HD 142666, and the T Tauri star HD 319139 and searched for H2 0-0 S(2) emission at 12.278 micron and H2 0-0 S(1) emission at 17.035 micron with VISIR, ESO-VLT's high-resolution MIR spectrograph. None of the sources present evidence for H2 emission. Stringent 3sigma upper limits to the integrated line fluxes and the mass of optically thin warm gas in the disks are derived. The disks contain less than a few tenths of Jupiter mass of optically thin H2 gas at 150 K at most, and less than a few Earth masses of optically thin H2 gas at 300 K and higher temperatures. We compare our results to a Chiang and Goldreich (1997, CG97) two-layer disk model. The upper limits to the disk's optically thin warm gas mass are smaller than the amount of warm gas in the interior layer of the disk, but they are much larger than the amount of molecular gas in the surface layer. We present a calculation of the expected thermal H2 emission from optically thick disks, assuming a CG97 disk structure, a gas-to-dust ratio of 100 and Tgas = Tdust. The expected H2 thermal emission fluxes from typical disks around Herbig Ae/Be stars (10^-16 to 10^-17 erg/s/cm2 at 140 pc) are much lower than the detection limits of our observations (5*10^-15 erg/s/cm2). H2 emission levels are very sensitive to departures from the thermal coupling between the molecular gas and dust. Additional sources of heating of gas in the disk's surface layer could have a major impact on the expected H2 disk emission. In the observed sources the molecular gas and dust in the surface layer have not significantly departed from thermal coupling (Tgas/Tdust< 2) and that the gas-to-dust ratio in the surface layer is very likely lower than 1000.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted by A&A. v2: typo in footnote ** corrected, v3: corrections of the A&A language editor included, typo in title of Fig. 1. corrected
Isgur-Wise Function on the Lattice
Creators: name: Bernard, Claude W.
name: Shen, Yue
name: Soni, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review our method and numerical results for calculation of the Isgur-Wise function on the lattice. We present a discussion of the systematic errors. Using recent experimental results, we find $V_{cb} = 0.044\pm 0.005\pm .007$. Contribution to Lattice '93 proceedings. Needs espcrc2.sty file (included after \end{document}). Search Figure1.ps for postscript files.
description: 3 pages, 1 postscript figure attached. Preprint BUHEP-93-27, Wash. U. HEP/93-36
title: Comunicare il processo penale. Regole, patologie, possibili rimedi
Creators: name: Gabrielli, Chiara
Publisher: name: Sapienza University of Rome
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/02be6w209
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: Per un ordinamento democratico moderno, non è concepibile una giustizia segreta: sottratta a un efficace controllo da parte della collettività nel cui nome è amministrata, diverrebbe un pericoloso strumento di affermazione di parte.
Se la pubblicità del procedimento penale rappresenta indubbiamente un irrinunciabile presidio di civiltà e di democrazia, costituzionalmente imposto, è altrettanto vero, però, che l’informazione giudiziaria risulta spesso sciatta, sensazionalistica, non rispettosa della presunzione di innocenza, gratuitamente invasiva della riservatezza dei soggetti coinvolti nell’inchiesta.
Gli antidoti vanno ricercati su diversi piani: legislativo, deontologico, culturale. Si tratta di una ricerca complessa, il cui successo dipenderà anche dall’impegno di giuristi e operatori della comunicazione nell’elaborare soluzioni condivise, che si avvalgano di differenti prospettive, competenze e sensibilità. A giudicare dalle stimolanti riflessioni, sollecitazioni e proposte raccolte in questo volume si tratta di un obiettivo tutt’altro che impossibile da raggiungere.
QONUNLARNING QISQA IFODALASH SABABLARI VA UNING BA`ZI KAMCHILIKLARI
Creators: name: Muhammadiyev, Bahromjon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada o`zbekiston kodekslarlari nima uchun yuzaga kelishi mumkin bo`lgan har bir holatni emas, balki qisqaroq tarzda asosiy masalalarnigina yoritib berishining sababini ko`rsataman. Shuningdek, bu qisqalikning ba`zi kamchiliklarini tahlil qilib, unga yechimlar berishga harakat qilaman.
Socioeconomic Status Drives Racial Disparities in HPV-negative Head and Neck Cancer Outcomes
Creators: name: Farquhar, D.
name: Weissler, M.C.
name: Sheth, S.
name: Hackman, T.
name: Lumley, C.
name: Zevallos, J.P.
name: Patel, S.
name: Blumberg, J.
name: Yarbrough, W.G.
name: Olshan, A.F.
name: Zanation, A.M.
name: Lenze, N.R.
Publisher: name: John Wiley and Sons Inc
Year: 2021

description: Objectives/Hypothesis: To determine drivers of the racial disparity in stage at diagnosis and overall survival (OS) between black and white patients with HPV-negative head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Study Design: Retrospective cohort study. Methods: Data were examined from of a population-based HNSCC study in North Carolina. Multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were used to assess racial disparities in stage at diagnosis and OS with sequential adjustment sets. Results: A total of 340 black patients and 864 white patients diagnosed with HPV-negative HNSCC were included. In the unadjusted model, black patients had increased odds of advanced T stage at diagnosis (OR 2.0; 95% CI [1.5–2.5]) and worse OS (HR 1.3, 95% CI 1.1–1.6) compared to white patients. After adjusting for age, sex, tumor site, tobacco use, and alcohol use, the racial disparity persisted for advanced T-stage at diagnosis (OR 1.7; 95% CI [1.3–2.3]) and showed a non-significant trend for worse OS (HR 1.1, 95% CI 0.9–1.3). After adding SES to the adjustment set, the association between race and stage at diagnosis was lost (OR: 1.0; 95% CI [0.8–1.5]). Further, black patients had slightly favorable OS compared to white patients (HR 0.8, 95% CI [0.6–1.0]; P =.024). Conclusions: SES has an important contribution to the racial disparity in stage at diagnosis and OS for HPV-negative HNSCC. Low SES can serve as a target for interventions aimed at mitigating the racial disparities in head and neck cancer. Level of Evidence: 4 Laryngoscope, 131:1301–1309, 2021.
Health Care Access for Undocumented Hispanic Immigrants in New York City: Analysis and Policy Proposal
Creators: name: Brown, Nancy
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: 200399 Language Studies not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: This paper explains the problems undocumented Hispanic immigrants face when trying to access health care, why a city such as New York would address those problems, and how they could be addressed. In addition, the potential impacts of the Patient Protection Affordable Care Act (PPACA) on undocumented Hispanic immigrants in New York City will also be discussed.
Dual-state purification for practical quantum error mitigation
Creators: name: Huo, Mingxia
name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum error mitigation is essential for computing on the noisy quantum computer with a limited number of qubits. In this paper, we propose a practical protocol of error mitigation by virtually purifying the quantum state without qubit overhead or requiring only one ancillary qubit. In dual-state purification, we effectively generate a purified state with increased fidelity using the erroneous state and its dual state, respectively, prepared with the noisy quantum circuit and the dual map of its inverse circuit. Combined with tomography purification, we can make sure that the final estimate of an observable is obtained from a pure state. The numerical result suggests that our protocol reduces the error by a rescaling factor decreasing with the qubit number and circuit depth, i.e. the performance of purification is better for larger circuits. On a cloud quantum computer, we successfully demonstrate the reduced error with a quantum variational eigensolver circuit.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
CO abundances in a protostellar cloud: freeze-out and desorption in the envelope and outflow of L483
Creators: name: Carolan, P. B.
name: Redman, M. P.
name: Keto, E.
name: Rawlings, J. M. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CO isotopes are able to probe the different components in protostellar clouds. These components, core, envelope and outflow have distinct physical conditions and sometimes more than one component contributes to the observed line profile. In this study we determine how CO isotope abundances are altered by the physical conditions in the different components. We use a 3D molecular line transport code to simulate the emission of four CO isotopomers, 12CO J=2-1, 13CO J=2-1, C18O J=2-1 and C17O J=2-1 from the Class 0/1 object L483, which contains a cold quiescent core, an infalling envelope and a clear outflow. Our models replicate JCMT (James Clerk Maxwell Telescope) line observations with the inclusion of freeze-out, a density profile and infall. Our model profiles of 12CO and 13CO have a large linewidth due to a high velocity jet. These profiles replicate the process of more abundant material being susceptible to a jet. C18O and C17O do not display such a large linewidth as they trace denser quiescent material deep in the cloud.
description: 9 figures, 13 pages, 2 tables
Low-level jets and the convergence of Mars data assimilation algorithms
Creators: name: Mooring, Todd A.
name: Davis, Gabrielle E.
name: Greybush, Steven J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Data assimilation is an increasingly popular technique in Mars atmospheric science, but its effect on the mean states of the underlying atmosphere models has not been thoroughly examined. The robustness of results to the choice of model and assimilation algorithm also warrants further study. We investigate these issues using two Mars general circulation models (MGCMs), with particular emphasis on zonal wind and temperature fields. When temperature retrievals from the Mars Global Surveyor Thermal Emission Spectrometer (TES) are assimilated into the U.K.-Laboratoire de Météorologie Dynamique (UK-LMD) MGCM to create the Mars Analysis Correction Data Assimilation (MACDA) reanalysis, low-level zonal jets in the winter northern hemisphere shift equatorward and weaken relative to a free-running control simulation from the same MGCM. The Ensemble Mars Atmosphere Reanalysis System (EMARS) reanalysis, which is also based on TES temperature retrievals, also shows jet weakening (but less if any shifting) relative to a control simulation performed with the underlying Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) MGCM. Examining higher levels of the atmosphere, monthly mean three-dimensional temperature and zonal wind fields are in generally better agreement between the two reanalyses than between the two control simulations. In conjunction with information about the MGCMs' physical parametrizations, intercomparisons between the various reanalyses and control simulations suggest that overall the EMARS control run is plausibly less biased (relative to the true state of the Martian atmosphere) than the MACDA control run. Implications for future observational studies are discussed.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Quenched Chiral Perturbation Theory for Baryons
Creators: name: Labrenz, James N.
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop quenched chiral perturbation theory for baryons using the graded-symmetry formalism of Bernard and Golterman and calculate non-analytic contributions to the baryon masses coming from quenched chiral loops. The usual term proportional to $m_{q}^{3/2}$ is substantially altered due to the cancellation of diagrams with internal quark loops. In addition, the $η'$ ``hairpin'' vertex leads to a new correction, proportional to $m_{q}^{1/2}$. We compare our results to numerical lattice data and use them to estimate the size of the quenching error in the octet baryon masses.
description: 7 pages (An abridged version of this note will appear in the proceedings of Lattice'93. Latex + 14 postscript files, bundled using uufiles. Needs psfig.) UW/PT-93-07