cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Intrinsic charm in a matched general-mass scheme
Creators: name: Ball, Richard D.
name: Bertone, Valerio
name: Bonvini, Marco
name: Forte, Stefano
name: Merrild, Patrick Groth
name: Rojo, Juan
name: Rottoli, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The FONLL general-mass variable-flavour number scheme provides a framework for the matching of a calculation in which a heavy quark is treated as a massless parton to one in which the mass dependence is retained throughout. We describe how the usual formulation of FONLL can be extended in such a way that the heavy quark parton distribution functions are freely parameterized at some initial scale, rather than being generated entirely perturbatively. We specifically consider the case of deep-inelastic scattering, in view of applications to PDF determination, and the possible impact of a fitted charm quark distribution on $F_2^c$ is assessed.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures. Final version, to be published in Physics Letters B. Typo in eq 13 corrected, minor clarifications added
Common Envelope Mass Ejection in Evolved Stars: Modeling the Dust Emission from post-RGB stars in the LMC
Creators: name: Sarkar, Geetanjali
name: Sahai, Raghvendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Common Envelope (CE) systems are the result of Roche lobe overflow in interacting binaries. The subsequent evolution of the CE, its ejection and the formation of dust in its ejecta while the primary is on the Red Giant Branch (RGB), gives rise to a recently identified evolutionary class -- dusty post-RGB stars. Their spectral energy distributions (SEDs) suggest that their mass-ejecta are similar to dusty post-Asymptotic Giant Branch (post-AGB) stars. We have modeled the SEDs of a select sample of post-RGB and post-AGB stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), quantified the total dust mass (and gas mass assuming gas-to-dust ratio) in the disks and shells and set constraints on the dust grain compositions and sizes. We find that the shell masses in the post-RGBs are generally less than those in post-AGBs, with the caveat that substantial amount of mass in both types of objects may lie in cold, extended shells. Our models suggest that circumstellar disks, when present, are geometrically thick structures with a substantial opening angle, consistent with numerical simulations of CE evolution (CEE). Comparison of our model dust masses with the predictions of dust production during CEE on the RGB suggest that CEE occurred near or at the tip of the RGB for our post-RGB sources. A surprising result is that some post-RGB stars harbor carbon-rich dust, believed to form when C/O $>$ 1, e.g. following triple-alpha nucleosynthesis and third dredge-up events in AGB stars. This anomaly strengthens the hypothesis that dusty post-RGBs are born in binary systems.
description: Figure sets referred to in the paper are included in the submitted source file
Episodic and semantic feeling-of-knowing in aging: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Mazancieux, Audrey
name: Devaluez, Méline
name: Souchay, Céline
name: Moulin, Chris
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: aging
subject: feeling-of-knowing
subject: metacognition
subject: metamemory

description: Preregistration of systematic review and meta-analyses about episodic and semantic feeling-of-knowing in aging.
Croton obliquifolium Visiani 1836
Creators: name: Clementi, Moreno
name: D'Antraccoli, Marco
name: Miola, Antonella
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Malpighiales
Euphorbiaceae
Croton
Croton obliquifolium

description: Croton obliquifolium Visiani (1836a: 223; also treated in Visiani 1836b: 39; 1836c: 70)
 Locus classicus: —“in AEgypto”.
 Lectotype (designated here):— EGYPT. s.l., s.d., Acerbi s.n. (PI005428!) (see Fig. 9).
 Additional specimens examined:— EGYPT. In argine Nili, s.d., Brocchi s.n. (BASSA-BR-112!).
 Note:—The specimen chosen as type bears a label written and signed by Visiani, and is therefore suitable as a lectotype. This name is now generally considered a synonym of Chrozophora plicata (Vahl) A.Jussieu ex Sprengel (1826: 850) (Euro+Med 2018). Visiani himself evaluated the similarities between these two plants, but he concluded that his new taxon was different from Jussieu’s “because of the genus, the infructescence, the leaves, and the pendulous capsules” (“genere, frutescentia, foliis, capsulis pendulis”).
description: Published as part of Clementi, Moreno, D'Antraccoli, Marco & Miola, Antonella, 2019, Nomenclatural and taxonomical notes on some taxa described by Roberto de Visiani from Egypt and Sudan, pp. 49-64 in Phytotaxa 399 (1) on page 60, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.399.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/13712994
title: Primary Solid Tumours of the Liver : A Pictorial Review
Creators: name: Brown, Peter
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncology
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Multidisciplinary cancer care

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate the wide spectrum of primary solid tumours that can arise in the liver. To review the role of imaging in their diagnosis and management with clinical and pathological...
Roaming leads to amino acid photodamage: A deep learning study of tyrosine
Creators: name: Westermayr, Julia
name: Gastegger, Michael
name: Vörös, Dora
name: Panzenboeck, Lisa
name: Joerg, Florian
name: González, Leticia
name: Marquetand, Philipp
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the amino acid tyrosine is among the main building blocks of life, its photochemistry is not fully understood. Traditional theoretical simulations are neither accurate enough, nor computationally efficient to provide the missing puzzle pieces to the experimentally observed signatures obtained via time-resolved pump-probe spectroscopy or mass spectroscopy. In this work, we go beyond the realms of possibility with conventional quantum chemical methods and develop as well as apply a new technique to shed light on the photochemistry of tyrosine. By doing so, we discover roaming atoms in tyrosine, which is the first time such a reaction is discovered in biology. Our findings suggest that roaming atoms are radicals that could play a fundamental role in the photochemistry of peptides and proteins, offering a new perspective. Our novel method is based on deep learning, leverages the physics underlying the data, and combines different levels of theory. This combination of methods to obtain an accurate picture of excited molecules could shape how we study photochemical systems in the future and how we can overcome the current limitations that we face when applying quantum chemical methods.
description: 22 pages, 18 figures, 6 tables
A simplified second-order Gaussian Poincaré inequality in discrete setting with applications
Creators: name: Eichelsbacher, Peter
name: Rednoß, Benedikt
name: Thäle, Christoph
name: Zheng, Guangqu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 60F05, 60H07

description: In this paper, a simplified second-order Gaussian Poincaré inequality for normal approximation of functionals over infinitely many Rademacher random variables is derived. It is based on a new bound for the Kolmogorov distance between a general Rademacher functional and a Gaussian random variable, which is established by means of the discrete Malliavin-Stein method and is of independent interest. As an application, the number of vertices with prescribed degree and the subgraph counting statistic in the Erdös-Rényi random graph are discussed. The number of vertices of fixed degree is also studied for percolation on the Hamming hypercube. Moreover, the number of isolated faces in the Linial-Meshulam-Wallach random $κ$-complex and infinite weighted 2-runs are treated.
Impact of Non–Vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulants From a Basic Science PerspectiveHighlights
Creators: name: Monroe, Dougald M.
name: Hoffman, Maureane
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The biochemical properties of the non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulants (NOACs) and their differences from the mechanism of action of vitamin K antagonists contribute to their properties as anticoagulants. These properties include as follows: (1) Inhibiting a single protease is much less effective at inhibiting coagulation than is inhibiting at multiple steps. Thus, the dose-response relationship between NOAC level and intensity of anticoagulation is shallower and more linear than that of vitamin K antagonists. This partially accounts for the greater safety of NOACs than vitamin K antagonists reported in some studies. (2) Because they are small molecules, NOACs can reach their target proteases in locations that plasma protease inhibitors, such as antithrombin, cannot. (3) NOACs compete with substrates for binding at the active site of the target protease and that binding is reversible. When the drug level falls, the drug dissociates from its target, and protease activity is restored. Thus, there is the possibility of a rebound in procoagulant activity if the drug is abruptly terminated. (4) The effects of a NOAC can be overcome by increasing the amount of substrate available for the target protease or the amount of protease produced. This property may contribute to the safety of NOACs and their potential reversibility by coagulation factor concentrates. The biochemical properties of NOACs contribute to their suitability for use in conditions that require a predictable moderate degree of anticoagulation when administered orally at a consistent dose. Their effects can be overcome by a sufficiently strong procoagulant stimulus. This characteristic likely contributes to their generally reduced risk of serious bleeding. However, they are not well suited for use in settings that require a profound degree of anticoagulation.
Towards stability of radial basis function based cubature formulas
Creators: name: Glaubitz, Jan
name: Reeger, Jonah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65D30, 65D32, 65D05, 42C05

description: Cubature formulas (CFs) based on radial basis functions (RBFs) have become an important tool for multivariate numerical integration of scattered data. Although numerous works have been published on such RBF-CFs, their stability theory can still be considered as underdeveloped. Here, we strive to pave the way towards a more mature stability theory for RBF-CFs. In particular, we prove stability for RBF-CFs based on compactly supported RBFs under certain conditions on the shape parameter and the data points. Moreover, it is shown that asymptotic stability of many RBF-CFs is independent of polynomial terms, which are often included in RBF approximations. While our findings provide some novel conditions for stability of RBF-CFs, the present work also demonstrates that there are still many gaps to fill in future investigations.
description: 33 pages
title: Principles and clinical applications of peripheral thrombolysis: a pictorial guide for the interventional radiologist.
Creators: name: González Gambau, Jorge
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Ischaemia / Infarction
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Thrombolysis
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The understanding of the basic pharmacophysiology of the most frequently used drugs and transcatheter procedures helps in the management of patients. Our learning objectives are: To review the pharmacology of thrombolysis and the more frequently...
title: Groin and hip MRI findings in asymptomatic professional soccer players.
Creators: name: Idoate, Fernando
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Acceptance testing
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Groin pain in professional soccer players is one of the most common causes of loss of training and competition activity, with a high incidence that has been estimated to be 10–18 per 100 players per year , affecting 4-31% in men and 2-4 % in women...
Robust Importance Sampling for Error Estimation in the Context of Optimal Bayesian Transfer Learning
Creators: name: Maddouri, Omar
name: Qian, Xiaoning
name: Alexander, Francis J.
name: Dougherty, Edward R.
name: Yoon, Byung-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Classification has been a major task for building intelligent systems as it enables decision-making under uncertainty. Classifier design aims at building models from training data for representing feature-label distributions--either explicitly or implicitly. In many scientific or clinical settings, training data are typically limited, which makes designing accurate classifiers and evaluating their classification error extremely challenging. While transfer learning (TL) can alleviate this issue by incorporating data from relevant source domains to improve learning in a different target domain, it has received little attention for performance assessment, notably in error estimation. In this paper, we fill this gap by investigating knowledge transferability in the context of classification error estimation within a Bayesian paradigm. We introduce a novel class of Bayesian minimum mean-square error (MMSE) estimators for optimal Bayesian transfer learning (OBTL), which enables rigorous evaluation of classification error under uncertainty in a small-sample setting. Using Monte Carlo importance sampling, we employ the proposed estimator to evaluate the classification accuracy of a broad family of classifiers that span diverse learning capabilities. Experimental results based on both synthetic data as well as real-world RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) data show that our proposed OBTL error estimation scheme clearly outperforms standard error estimators, especially in a small-sample setting, by tapping into the data from other relevant domains.
Theoretical Studies on Helical Polymer Modeling and Folding
Creators: name: Peñaloza-Amion, Montserrat
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023

description: Die Entdeckung der DNA-Doppelhelix bei Watson und Crick im Jahr 1953 war einer der wichtigsten Meilensteine in der Erforschung makromolekularer Strukturen. Diese Entdeckung führte zur Verfolgung zahlreicher Forschungslinien und Anwendungen, die sich mit der Faltung, Synthese und Strukturbestimmung von Helixstrukturen befassen. Heute ist weithin bekannt, dass Helices eine wichtige Rolle in Biomolekülen spielen, und es besteht ein großes Interesse an der Nutzung dieses Motivs in einem breiteren Spektrum von Anwendungen, z. B. in der Biomedizin und der Entwicklung von Soft Materials. Die vorliegende Arbeit basiert auf dem letztgenannten Bereich und konzentriert sich auf das Design helikaler Polymere aus theoretischer Sicht. Molekulare Simulationstechniken wie Molekulardynamik und Monte Carlo wurden bereits in großem Umfang zur Erforschung von Polymerstrukturen eingesetzt. Häufig werden diese Ansätze auf helikale Strukturen mit hohen Inversionsbarrieren angewandt oder erfordern experimentellen Struktureinsatz, um die Messungen zu reproduzieren. In dieser Arbeit verwenden wir rein theoretische Ansätze, um die treibenden Kräfte bei der Induktion dynamischer helikaler Polymere zu verstehen und helikale Konformationen von Polymeren zu modellieren. Zunächst wurden Erkenntnisse über die helikale Induktion von Poly-4-carboxyphenylacetylen durch chirale Amine mithilfe von DFT-Optimierungen, DFT-Dihedral-Scans und Molekulardynamik untersucht. Die DFT-Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Geometrien der lokalen Wechselwirkung zwischen den chiralen Aminen und den Carboxygruppen des Polymers eine wichtige Rolle beim Induktionsprozess spielen. Die Bader-Ladungsanalyse zeigt unterschiedliche Ladungstransfers beim Vergleich von R- und S-Konformationen, die mit rechts- und linksdrehenden schraubenförmigen Polymeren. In der nächsten Arbeit wurden systematische Protokolle erstellt, um helikale Strukturen von post-modifizierten Polyphenylacetylenen durch chirale Amine zu modellieren. Dies wurde sowohl für para- als auch für meta-substituierte Seitenketten durchgeführt. Es wurden blinde und lokale Helix-Suchen auf der Grundlage von Monte-Carlo-Simulationen und DFT-Dihedral-Scans verwendet. Als wichtigste stabilisierende Wechselwirkungen erwiesen sich H-Bindungen, $\pi - \pi$ Stapelwechselwirkungen und $\pi - \pi$ T-förmige Wechselwirkungen. Im letzten Kapitel wurde ein de novo Design von helikalen Strukturen unter Verwendung von sequenzgesteuerten Oligomeren durchgeführt. Es wurden Monte-Carlo-Simulationen durchgeführt, und das helikale Design wurde durch eine Wasserstoffbrücken-Clusteranalyse geleitet. Es wurden verschiedene Klassen von Sequenzen mit unterschiedlichen Längen der Rückgrate und Seitenkettenmodifikationen berücksichtigt. Die besten helikalen Sequenzen wurden mit Molekulardynamik mit einem expliziten Lösungsmittel simuliert, um ihre Stabilität zu testen.
Tortuous Microvessels Contribute to Wound Healing via Sprouting AngiogenesisHighlights
Creators: name: Bear, James E.
name: Bautch, Victoria L.
name: Yu, Zhixian
name: Chong, Diana C.
name: Brighton, Hailey E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Wound healing is accompanied by neoangiogenesis, and new vessels are thought to originate primarily from the microcirculation; however, how these vessels form and resolve during wound healing is poorly understood. Here, we investigated properties of the smallest capillaries during wound healing to determine their spatial organization and the kinetics of formation and resolution.
title: Assessment of Tracheobronchial diseases in pediatrics using MDCT virtual Bronchoscopy with reconstructed 3D images: Cases Review
Creators: name: Baiomy, Ali
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Respiratory system
subject: CT
subject: Computer Applications-3D
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Review of the Technique of MDCT virtual Bronchoscopy with reconstructed 3D images Demonstration of the common Tracheo-bronchial diseases in pediatrics that could be diagnosed by MDCT virtual Bronchoscopy with reconstructed 3D...
Modellbasierte prädiktive Längsdynamikregelung für künftige Fahrerassistenz- und Automatisierungssysteme
Creators: name: Walz, Fabian
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: Autonomous Driving
Vehicle Dynamics
Two Point Tire Model
Road Profile Disturbances
Longitudinal Motion Control
Feed-Forward Acceleration Control
Preview
Model Predictive Control
Control Allocation
Robustness

description: Neue Fahrfunktionen bedeuten neue Herausforderungen für die Längsdynamikregelung von Kraftfahrzeugen. Eine grundlegende Anforderung besteht unter anderem darin, dass ein automatisiertes Fahrzeug Absätze und andere Fahrbahnunebenheiten zuverlässig und präzise überfährt. Im Gegensatz zur Auslegung aktueller Fahrerassistenzsysteme kann bei vollautomatisierten (autonomen) Fahrzeugen nicht mit einem menschlichen Fahrer als Rückfalllösung gerechnet werden, an den die Fahraufgabe delegiert wird, wenn das System an seine Grenzen stößt. Gleichzeitig stehen durch eine umfangreichere Sensorik detailliertere Informationen über die Umgebung des Fahrzeugs zur Verfügung. In dieser Arbeit wird ein Konzept für eine modellbasierte, prädiktive Längsdynamikregelung entwickelt und demonstriert, wie die Kenntnis über das vorausliegende Fahrbahnprofil genutzt werden kann, um sowohl die Regelgüte der Längsdynamikregelung zu steigern als auch die für den Fahrkomfort bedeutsamen Größen zu verbessern. Das vorgestellte Konzept zur Regelung der Fahrzeugbeschleunigung besteht aus zwei Teilen: 1. Die nichtlineare, modellbasierte Beschleunigungssteuerung berechnet eine Vorausschau auf das erforderliche Drehmoment an den Rädern auf Basis des Fahrbahnprofils vor dem Fahrzeug. 2. Die lineare, modellprädiktive Raddrehmoment-Regelung nutzt diese Information, um das Antriebs- und Bremssystem vorausschauend so anzusteuern, dass das Drehmoment an den Rädern mit möglichst geringem Phasenversatz zur Vorgabe der Beschleunigungssteuerung gestellt wird. Es wird darüber hinaus gezeigt wie sich das Konzept durch eine parallel geschaltete Störgrößenkompensationsregelung ergänzen lässt, um nicht modellierte Störungen auszugleichen und wie es als unterlagerter Regler einer überlagerten Geschwindigkeitsregelung dienen kann. Das präsentierte Konzept wird in einem seriennahen Versuchsfahrzeug implementiert und experimentell erprobt. Die Messdaten belegen eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Regelgüte mit Hinblick auf das Folgeverhalten der Beschleunigungs- oder Geschwindigkeitsvorgabe gegenüber einem klassischen Längsregler. Gleichzeitig zeigen sich verringerte Rucke in Längs- und Vertikalrichtung, was auf einen gesteigerten Fahrkomfort hindeutet. Die Auswirkungen verschiedener praktisch relevanter Fehlerfälle werden untersucht und so die Robustheit des vorgestellten Ansatzes experimentell gezeigt.
What makes a Stone topological algebra profinite
Creators: name: Almeida, Jorge
name: Goulet-Ouellet, Herman
name: Klíma, Ondřej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46H05 (primary), 06E15, 08A62, 54H15, 54D45, 54C35 (secondary)

description: This paper is a contribution to understanding what properties should a topological algebra on a Stone space satisfy to be profinite. We reformulate and simplify proofs for some known properties using syntactic congruences. We also clarify the role of various alternative ways of describing syntactic congruences, namely by finite sets of terms and by compact sets of continuous self mappings of the algebra.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1910.03674
title: The role of imaging in infants and children with acute or chronic vomiting
Creators: name: Laroussi, Rahma
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Paediatric
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Education
subject: Volvulus
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: -To review the main gastro-intestinal pathologies related to acute and chronic vomiting in infants and children. -To identify imaging semiotic signs. -To establish a general approach to specific testing according to the clinical and epidemiological...
Lateinamerika: Streit um ein Evangelisationspapier der Ordenskonferenz
Creators: name: Burchardt, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 5 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 5
Fermion Sampling Made More Efficient
Creators: name: Sun, Haoran
name: Zou, Jie
name: Li, Xiaopeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fermion sampling is to generate probability distribution of a many-body Slater-determinant wavefunction, which is termed "determinantal point process" in statistical analysis. For its inherently-embedded Pauli exclusion principle, its application reaches beyond simulating fermionic quantum many-body physics to constructing machine learning models for diversified datasets. Here we propose a fermion sampling algorithm, which has a polynomial time-complexity -- quadratic in the fermion number and linear in the system size. This algorithm is about 100% more efficient in computation time than the best known algorithms. In sampling the corresponding marginal distribution, our algorithm has a more drastic improvement, achieving a scaling advantage. We demonstrate its power on several test applications, including sampling fermions in a many-body system and a machine learning task of text summarization, and confirm its improved computation efficiency over other methods by counting floating-point operations.
Prion-like Aggregation of Mitochondrial Antiviral Signaling Protein in Lupus Patients Is Associated With Increased Levels of Type I Interferon: MAVS AGGREGATION AND TYPE I IFN IN LUPUS
Creators: name: Shu, Daniel H.
name: Shao, Wen-Hai
name: Priest, Stephen O.
name: Hilliard, Brendan
name: Cesaroni, Matteo
name: Ting, Jenny P.-Y.
name: Zhen, Yuxuan
name: Cohen, Philip L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Increased levels of Type I interferon (IFN-I) and IFN-I-regulated genes are found in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and may be central to its pathogenesis. The mitochondrial adaptor protein MAVS is a key regulator of IFN-I that undergoes a dramatic prion-like aggregation and self-propagates the activation signal from viral RNA to amplify downstream IFN production. We wondered if such MAVS aggregates might play a role in the sustained increased production of IFN-I in SLE.
title: The importance of champions : developing national guidance for the external management of residential child care establishments in Scotland
Creators: name: Hill, Louise
name: Gentleman, Neil
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2015

description: External managers can play a critical role in safeguarding children and young people, supporting staff and championing residential child care across local authority, voluntary and independent settings. Despite the recommendations stemming from inquiries into abuse and neglect in residential child care, there has been relatively little attention given to the role of the external manager. This article outlines the development of the National Guidance for External Management for Residential Child care Establishments in Scotland. The guidance was informed through a national scoping exercise involving external managers, unit managers, inspection bodies and advocacy providers. Drawing on national and local expertise, the authors highlight the importance of keeping the child at the centre, creating a positive culture and ensuring compliance to effectively fulfil the external manager role. The opportunities and challenges of implementing the Guidance are discussed.
A QUBO Formulation for Minimum Loss Spanning Tree Reconfiguration Problems in Electric Power Networks
Creators: name: Silva, Filipe F. C.
name: Carvalho, Pedro M. S.
name: Ferreira, Luis A. F. M.
name: Omar, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce a novel quadratic unconstrained binary optimization (QUBO) formulation for a classical problem in electrical engineering -- the optimal reconfiguration of distribution grids. For a given graph representing the grid infrastructure and known nodal loads, the problem consists in finding the spanning tree that minimizes the total link ohmic losses. A set of constraints is initially defined to impose topologically valid solutions. These constraints are then converted to a QUBO model as penalty terms. The electrical losses terms are finally added to the model as the objective function to minimize. In order to maximize the performance of solution searching with classical solvers, with hybrid quantum-classical solvers and with quantum annealers, our QUBO formulation has the goal of being very efficient in terms of variables usage. A standard 33-node test network is used as an illustrative example of our general formulation. Model metrics for this example are presented and discussed. Finally, the optimal solution for this example was obtained and validated through comparison with the optimal solution from an independent method.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures. v2: Added new sections on model scaling and validation. Minor editorial changes
title: Nerve entrapment syndromes and neuronal lesions of the upper limb.
Creators: name: Pawley, Christopher
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Pathology
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal soft tissue

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: 1. Review the anatomy of the nerves of upper limb. 2. Describe common anatomic locations where nerve entrapment is likely in the upper extremity and frequent causes. 3. Demonstrate the common imaging findings associated with nerve entrapment and...
Influence maximization in complex networks through optimal percolation
Creators: name: Morone, Flaviano
name: Makse, Hernan A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The whole frame of interconnections in complex networks hinges on a specific set of structural nodes, much smaller than the total size, which, if activated, would cause the spread of information to the whole network [1]; or, if immunized, would prevent the diffusion of a large scale epidemic [2,3]. Localizing this optimal, i.e. minimal, set of structural nodes, called influencers, is one of the most important problems in network science [4,5]. Despite the vast use of heuristic strategies to identify influential spreaders [6-14], the problem remains unsolved. Here, we map the problem onto optimal percolation in random networks to identify the minimal set of influencers, which arises by minimizing the energy of a many-body system, where the form of the interactions is fixed by the non-backtracking matrix [15] of the network. Big data analyses reveal that the set of optimal influencers is much smaller than the one predicted by previous heuristic centralities. Remarkably, a large number of previously neglected weakly-connected nodes emerges among the optimal influencers. These are topologically tagged as low-degree nodes surrounded by hierarchical coronas of hubs, and are uncovered only through the optimal collective interplay of all the influencers in the network. Eventually, the present theoretical framework may hold a larger degree of universality, being applicable to other hard optimization problems exhibiting a continuous transition from a known phase [16].
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, Supplementary Information: 52 pages, 10 extended data figs
title: Interventional radiology day hospital ward- a current approach
Creators: name: Stupar, Spela
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Patterns of Care
subject: Safety
subject: Health policy and practice
subject: Audit and standards
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Management
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Interventional non-vascular

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Radiology is one of the most dynamic medical specialities [1]. There was a striking evolution in interventional radiology based on development in imaging and medical devices, that was already recognised in 1957 by Slovenian vascular surgeon...
Minor embedding with Stuart-Landau oscillator networks
Creators: name: Harrison, Stella L.
name: Sigurdsson, Helgi
name: Lagoudakis, Pavlos G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically implement a strategy from quantum computation architectures to simulate Stuart-Landau oscillator dynamics in all-to-all connected networks, also referred to as complete graphs. The technique builds upon the triad structure minor embedding which expands dense graphs of interconnected elements into sparse ones which can potentially be realized in future on-chip solid state technologies with tunable edge weights. As a case study, we reveal that the minor embedding procedure allows simulating the XY model on complete graphs, thus bypassing a severe geometric constraint.
Study of Flare Assessment in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Based on Paper Patients
Creators: name: Sturgess,
name: Manzi,
name: Steinsson,
name: Kamen,
name: Urowitz,
name: Kalunian,
name: Peschken,
name: Aranow,
name: Inanc,
name: Hanly,
name: Romero-Diaz,
name: Gordon,
name: Khamashta,
name: Ginzler,
name: Jacobsen,
name: Askanase,
name: Rahman,
name: Zoma,
name: Sanchez-Guerrero,
name: Dooley, Mary Anne
name: Lim,
name: Ruiz-Irastorza,
name: Nived,
name: Gladman,
name: Ramsey-Goldman,
name: Sang-Cheol,
name: Sturfelt,
name: Bruce,
name: Cervera,
name: Clarke,
name: Petri,
name: Buyon,
name: Bernatsky,
name: Isenberg,
name: Wallace,
name: Merrill,
name: Allen,
name: Fortin,
name: van Vollenhoven,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: OBJECTIVE: To determine the level of agreement of disease flare severity (distinguishing severe, moderate and mild flare and persistent disease activity) in a large paper patient exercise involving 988 individual cases of systemic lupus erythematosus. METHODS: 988 individual lupus case histories were assessed by three individual physicians. Complete agreement about the degree of flare (or persistent disease activity) was obtained in 451 cases (46%) and these provided the reference standard for the second part of the study. This component utilised three flare activity instruments (BILAG 2004, SELENA flare index (SFI) and the revised SELENA flare index (rSFI)). The 451 patient case histories were distributed to 18 pairs of physicians being carefully randomised in a manner designed to ensure a fair case mix and equal distribution of flare according to severity. RESULTS: The three physician assessment of flare matched the level of flare using the three indices thus 67% for BILAG 2004, 72% for SFI and 70% for rSFI. The corresponding weighted kappas for each instrument were 0.82, 0.59 and 0.74 respectively. We undertook a detailed analysis of the discrepant cases and several factors emerged including a tendency to score moderate flares as severe and persistent activity as flare especially when the SFI and rSFI instruments were used. Overscoring was also driven by scoring treatment change as flare even if there were no new or worsening clinical features. CONCLUSIONS: Given the complexity of assessing lupus flare, we were encouraged by the overall results reported. However the problem of capturing lupus flare accurately is not completely solved.
Solid-State Dewetting and Island Morphologies in Strongly Anisotropic Materials
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Wang, Yan
name: Zhao, Quan
name: Srolovitz, David J.
name: Bao, Weizhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a sharp-interface continuum model based on a thermodynamic variational approach to investigate the strong anisotropic effect on solid-state dewetting including contact line dynamics. For sufficiently strong surface energy anisotropy, we show that multiple equilibrium shapes may appear that can not be described by the widely employed Winterbottom construction, i.e., the modified Wulff construction for an island on a substrate. We repair the Winterbottom construction to include multiple equilibrium shapes and employ our evolution model to demonstrate that all such shapes are dynamically accessible.
description: 4 figures
title: The Use of Hyperpolarised Xenon (HP 129Xe-MRI) for Assessing Collateral Ventilation
Creators: name: Chen, Mitchell
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Technology assessment
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Experimental investigations
subject: MR-Functional imaging
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Experimental
subject: Computer applications
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung
subject: Chronic obstructive airways disease

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Emphysema is a component of COPD that can be effectively treated with lung volume reduction in selected patients. Lung volume reduction therapy...
Obesity, Non-Communicable Disease (NCD) Risk Factors and Dietary Factors among Chinese School-aged Children
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Du, Shufa
name: Wang, Dantong
name: Wang, Zhihong
name: Su, Chang
name: Piernas, Carmen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: China’s nutrition transition is characterized by dramatic increases in overweight and cardiometabolic (CM) risk. The burden of obesity, CM risk factors and dietary intake among Chinese children were explored.
Universal Bounds for Fractional Laplacian on a Bounded Open Domain in $\mathbb{R}^{n}$
Creators: name: Zeng, Lingzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $Ω$ be a bounded open domain on the Euclidean space $\mathbb{R}^{n}$ and $\mathbb{Q}_{+}$ be the set of all positive rational numbers. In 2017, Chen and Zeng investigated the eigenvalues with higher order of the fractional Laplacian $\left.(-Δ)^{s}\right|_Ω$ for $s>0$ and $s \in \mathbb{Q}_{+}$, and they obtained a universal inequality of Yang type(\emph{ Universal inequality and upper bounds of eigenvalues for non-integer poly-Laplacian on a bounded domain, Calculus of Variations and Partial Differential Equations, (2017) \textbf{56}:131}). In the spirit of Chen and Zeng's work, we study the eigenvalues of fractional Laplacian, and establish an inequality of eigenvalues with lower order under the same condition. Also, our eigenvalue inequality is universal and generalizes the eigenvalue inequality for the poly-harmonic operators given by Jost et al.(\emph{Universal bounds for eigenvalues of polyharmonic operator. Trans. Amer. Math. Soc. {\bf 363}(4), 1821-1854 (2011)}).
description: Any comment is welcome
Constraining the formation of black-holes in short-period Black-Hole Low-Mass X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Repetto, Serena
name: Nelemans, Gijs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of stellar mass black holes is still very uncertain. Two main uncertainties are the amount of mass ejected in the supernova event (if any) and the magnitude of the natal kick the black hole receives at birth (if any). Repetto et al. (2012), studying the position of Galactic X-ray binaries containing black holes, found evidence for black holes receiving high natal kicks at birth. In this Paper we extend that study, taking into account the previous binary evolution of the sources as well. The seven short-period black-hole X-ray binaries that we use, are compact binaries consisting of a low-mass star orbiting a black hole in a period less than $1$ day. We trace their binary evolution backwards in time, from the current observed state of mass-transfer, to the moment the black hole was formed, and we add the extra information on the kinematics of the binaries. We find that several systems could be explained by no natal kick, just mass ejection, while for two systems (and possibly more) a high kick is required. So unless the latter have an alternative formation, such as within a globular cluster, we conclude that at least some black holes get high kicks. This challenges the standard picture that black hole kicks would be scaled down from neutron star kicks. Furthermore, we find that five systems could have formed with a non-zero natal kick but zero mass ejected (i.e. no supernova) at formation, as predicted by neutrino-driven natal kicks.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Fine asymptotics for the maximum degree in weighted recursive trees with bounded random weights
Creators: name: Eslava, Laura
name: Lodewijks, Bas
name: Ortgiese, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A weighted recursive tree is an evolving tree in which vertices are assigned random vertex-weights and new vertices connect to a predecessor with a probability proportional to its weight. Here, we study the maximum degree and near-maximum degrees in weighted recursive trees when the vertex-weights are almost surely bounded and their distribution function satisfies a mild regularity condition near zero. We are able to specify higher-order corrections to the first order growth of the maximum degree established in prior work. The accuracy of the results depends on the behaviour of the weight distribution near the largest possible value and in certain cases we manage to find the corrections up to random order. Additionally, we describe the tail distribution of the maximum degree, the distribution of the number of vertices attaining the maximum degree, and establish asymptotic normality of the number of vertices with near-maximum degree. Our analysis extends the results proved for random recursive trees (where the weights are constant) to the case of random weights. The main technical result shows that the degrees of several uniformly chosen vertices are asymptotically independent with explicit error corrections.
description: 52 pages
A Tailed Tent Map Chaotic Circuit Exploiting S$^2$I Memory Elements
Creators: name: Callegari, Sergio
name: Rovatti, Riccardo
name: Setti, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the implementation of discrete time chaotic systems, designers have mostly focused on the choice and synthesis of suitable nonlinear blocks, while correct and fast operation cannot neglect analog memory elements. Herein, a realization exploiting the Tailed Tent Map coupled with S$^2$I sample and hold stages is proposed. Interfacing problems between the memory and the processing sub-circuits are tackled and the possibility to obtain a fivefold speed improvement with respect to previously reported results is demonstrated by means of SPICE and other computer aided simulations.
description: 4 pages, 11 figures
Supplementary Tables from Mechanisms of transcriptional regulation in Anopheles gambiae revealed by allele specific expression
Creators: name: Dyer, Naomi A
name: Lucas, Eric
name: Nagi, Sanjay Curtis
name: McDermott, Daniel P.
name: Brenas, Jon H.
name: Miles, Alistair
name: Clarkson, Chris S.
name: Mawejje, Henry Ddumba
name: Wilding, Craig Stephen
name: Halfon, Marc
name: Asma, Hasiba
name: Heinz, Eva
name: Donnelly, Martin J
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file containes supplementary tables 1 to 15
Lattice dynamical properties of superconducting SrPt$_3$P studied via inelastic x-ray scattering and density functional perturbation theory
Creators: name: Zocco, D. A.
name: Krannich, S.
name: Heid, R.
name: Bohnen, K. -P.
name: Wolf, T.
name: Forrest, T.
name: Bossak, A.
name: Weber, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the lattice dynamical properties of superconducting SrPt$_3$P ($T_c = 8.4$ K) via high-resolution inelastic x-ray scattering (IXS) and ab initio calculations. Density functional perturbation theory including spin-orbit coupling (SOC) results in enhanced electron-phonon coupling (EPC) for the optic phonon modes originating from the Pt(I) atoms, with energies $\sim 5$ meV, resulting in a large EPC constant $λ\sim 2$. An overall softening of the IXS powder spectra occurs from room to low temperatures, consistent with the predicted strong EPC and with recent specific-heat experiments ($2Δ_0 / k_{\mathrm{B}}T_c \sim 5$). The low-lying phonon modes observed in the experiments are approximately 1.5 meV harder than the corresponding calculated phonon branch. Moreover, we do not find any changes in the spectra upon entering the superconducting phase. We conclude that current theoretical calculations underestimate the energy of the lowest band of phonon modes indicating that the coupling of these modes to the electronic subsystem is overestimated.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
title: Imaging features of benign hepatic lesions at US and CT imaging: a pictorial review.
Creators: name: Ferreira, Luis Amaral
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Education
subject: Haemangioma
subject: Cysts
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe and illustrate the use of US and CT imaging in the detection and characterization of focal benign tumors of the liver. List the differentiating clinical, radiologic and histopathologic findings in most frequent liver...