cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Entropy production and fluctuation theorems in a continuously monitored optical cavity at zero temperature
Creators: name: Kewming, M. J.
name: Shrapnel, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fluctuation theorems allow one to make generalised statements about the behaviour of thermodynamic quantities in systems that are driven far from thermal equilibrium. In this article we use Crooks' fluctuation theorem to understand the entropy production of a continuously measured, zero-temperature quantum system; namely an optical cavity measured via homodyne detection. At zero temperature, if one uses the classical definition of inverse temperature $β$, then the entropy production becomes divergent. Our analysis shows that the entropy production can be well defined at zero temperature by considering the entropy produced in the measurement record leading to an effective inverse temperature $β_{\rm eff}$ which does not diverge. We link this result to the Cramér-Rao inequality and show that the product of the Fisher information of the work distribution with the entropy production is bounded below by half of the square of the effective inverse temperature $β_{\rm eff}$. This inequality indicates that there is a minimal amount of entropy production that is paid to acquire information about the work done to a quantum system driven far from equilibrium.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Piecewise Testable Languages and Nondeterministic Automata
Creators: name: Masopust, Tomáš
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1; F.4.3

description: A regular language is $k$-piecewise testable if it is a finite boolean combination of languages of the form $Σ^* a_1 Σ^* \cdots Σ^* a_n Σ^*$, where $a_i\inΣ$ and $0\le n \le k$. Given a DFA $A$ and $k\ge 0$, it is an NL-complete problem to decide whether the language $L(A)$ is piecewise testable and, for $k\ge 4$, it is coNP-complete to decide whether the language $L(A)$ is $k$-piecewise testable. It is known that the depth of the minimal DFA serves as an upper bound on $k$. Namely, if $L(A)$ is piecewise testable, then it is $k$-piecewise testable for $k$ equal to the depth of $A$. In this paper, we show that some form of nondeterminism does not violate this upper bound result. Specifically, we define a class of NFAs, called ptNFAs, that recognize piecewise testable languages and show that the depth of a ptNFA provides an (up to exponentially better) upper bound on $k$ than the minimal DFA. We provide an application of our result, discuss the relationship between $k$-piecewise testability and the depth of NFAs, and study the complexity of $k$-piecewise testability for ptNFAs.
description: Corrections in section 4.1
Dislocation microstructures and strain-gradient plasticity with one active slip plane
Creators: name: Conti, Sergio
name: Garroni, Adriana
name: Müller, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study dislocation networks in the plane using the vectorial phase-field model introduced by Ortiz and coworkers, in the limit of small lattice spacing. We show that, in a scaling regime where the total length of the dislocations is large, the phase field model reduces to a simpler model of the strain-gradient type. The limiting model contains a term describing the three-dimensional elastic energy and a strain-gradient term describing the energy of the geometrically necessary dislocations, characterized by the tangential gradient of the slip. The energy density appearing in the strain-gradient term is determined by the solution of a cell problem, which depends on the line tension energy of dislocations. In the case of cubic crystals with isotropic elasticity our model shows that complex microstructures may form, in which dislocations with different Burgers vector and orientation react with each other to reduce the total self energy.
Two-Dimensional Numerical Optimization of MIS Solar Cell on n-Type Silicon
Creators: name: Vitanov, S.
name: Vitanov, P.
name: Palankovski, V.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1743-1745
description: The studies on metal oxides and mixed system have shown, that some of them form a negative fixed charge at the interface when deposited on silicon substrate. After deposition of dielectric layers with negative fixed charge on p-type silicon substrate an inversion layer is formed, leading to a back surface field for the minority carriers and thereby reducing the surface recombination velocity. The experiments with metal-insulator-semiconductor solar cells on n-type silicon, using (Al2O3)x(TiO2)1-x as a dielectric with a negative fixed charge are under way. In this paper, our two-dimensional device simulator MINIMOS-NT is applied for the optimization of these novel devices. The impact of various cell parameters, such as the spacing between the contact metal fingers, the substrate resistivity, and the negative fixed charge density) on the cell’s current-voltage (I-V) characteristics is investigated.
Thermal Cycling Under Illumination on Space Solar Array Coupons
Creators: name: Fernández Lisbona, E.
name: Lehmann, B.
name: Varewijck, G.
name: Burrows, K.
name: Ferrando, E.
name: Vallini, L.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Solar Cells, Modules and PV Systems for Space Applications

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 691-694
description: Thermal cycling is performed on space solar panel samples to verify the robustness of the design and
components against the mission thermal environment; in particular, this test can detect potential weakness due to the
thermal fatigue and it is also suitable to discover workmanship defects. Concerning the Silicon cell technology, the
ground test activity and the flight heritage demonstrated the electrical and mechanical integrity of this type of solar
cell under the standard space mission thermal environment. Also for the multi-junction solar cell technologies, the
test activity and the flight heritage (even if still limited compared to the Silicon one) give very promising results;
however, due to complexity of this device, a test-as-you- fly- approach can be followed to verify the behavior of
these cells under a combined LEO thermal environment and power stress environment (i.e. during thermal cycling
the cells are illuminated and loaded in the hot part of the cycle). The main objective of this activity was to develop a
facility at ESTEC able to perform thermal vacuum cycling on illuminated (during the hot part of the cycle) and
loaded solar strings together with dark forward biased strings; furthermore, the activity aimed at verifying the
correlation of the behavior of the solar cells submitted to the two different electrical stress conditions. The test
samples are integrated with standard triple junction solar cells and submitted to a standard LEO thermal cycling
environment. After 5000 cycles no variation of the solar array string performances has been recorded.
Ultrafast magneto-photocurrents as probe of anisotropy relaxation in GaAs
Creators: name: Schmidt, Christian B.
name: Priyadarshi, Shekhar
name: Pierz, Klaus
name: Bieler, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We induce ultrafast photocurrents in a GaAs crystal exposed to a magnetic field by optical femtosecond excitation. The magneto-photocurrents are studied by time-resolved detection of the simultaneously emitted THz radiation. We find that their dynamics differ considerably from the dynamics of other photocurrents which are expected to follow the temporal shape of the optical intensity. We attribute this difference to the influence of carrier-anisotropy relaxation on the magneto-photocurrents. Our measurements show that the anisotropy relaxation for carrier densities ranging between $10^{16}$ cm$^{-3}$ and $5 \times 10^{17}$ cm$^{-3}$ occurs on two different time scales. While the slow time constant is approximately 100 fs long and most likely governed by electron-phonon scattering, the fast time constant is on the order of 10 fs and presumably linked to the valence band. Our studies not only help to better understand the microscopic origins of optically induced currents but - being even more important - show that magneto-photocurrents can be employed as novel probe of anisotropy relaxation in GaAs. This technique is applicable to all non-centrosymmetric bulk semiconductors.
Raising the Efficiency Limit of the GaAs-Based Intermediate Band Solar Cell through the Implementation of a Monolithic Tandem with an AlGaAs Top Cell
Creators: name: Antolín, E.
name: Martí Vega, A.
name: Linares, P.
name: Ramiro, I.
name: Hernández, E.
name: Luque, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 65-68
description: The high efficiency limit of the intermediate band solar cell (IBSC) corresponds to the case of using as
intermediate band (IB) host material a semiconductor with gap in the range of 2 eV. Traditional photovoltaic
materials, such as Si and GaAs, are not appropriate to produce IB devices because their gaps are too narrow. To
overcome this problem, we propose the implementation of a multi-junction device consisting of an IBSC combined
with a single gap cell. We calculate the efficiency limits using the detailed balance model and conclude that they are
very high (> 60% under maximum concentration) for any fundamental bandgap from 0.7 to 3.6 eV in the IBSC
inserted in the tandem. In particular, the two-terminal tandem of a GaAs-based IBSC current matched to an optimized
AlGaAs top cell has an efficiency limit as high as 64%.
Measuring Uncertainty in Signal Fingerprinting with Gaussian Processes Going Deep
Creators: name: Guan, Ran
name: Zhang, Andi
name: Li, Mengchao
name: Wang, Yongliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In indoor positioning, signal fluctuation is highly location-dependent. However, signal uncertainty is one critical yet commonly overlooked dimension of the radio signal to be fingerprinted. This paper reviews the commonly used Gaussian Processes (GP) for probabilistic positioning and points out the pitfall of using GP to model signal fingerprint uncertainty. This paper also proposes Deep Gaussian Processes (DGP) as a more informative alternative to address the issue. How DGP better measures uncertainty in signal fingerprinting is evaluated via simulated and realistically collected datasets.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures; Presented at the 2021 International Conference on Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN)
Recursion relations for scattering amplitudes with massive particles II: massive vector bosons
Creators: name: Ballav, Sourav
name: Manna, Arkajyoti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the recently introduced recursion relations with covariant massive-massless shift, we study tree-level scattering amplitudes involving a pair of massive vector bosons and an arbitrary number of gluons in the massive spinor-helicity formalism. In particular, we derive compact expressions for cases in which i) all gluons are of the same helicity and ii) one gluon has flipped helicity and is colour adjacent to one of the massive particles. We provide numerous consistency checks of our results including the exact match of high energy limits with well-known MHV and NMHV amplitudes in pure Yang-Mills theory. As a corollary, we obtain an alternative novel representation of the NMHV amplitude.
description: Changes in the abstract, the presentation in the text and notation. Matched with the published version
The Occurrence of Additional Giant Planets Inside the Water-Ice Line in Systems with Hot Jupiters: Evidence Against High-Eccentricity Migration
Creators: name: Schlaufman, Kevin C.
name: Winn, Joshua N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of Jupiter-mass planets with orbital periods of only a few days is still uncertain. It is widely believed that these planets formed near the water-ice line of the protoplanetary disk, and subsequently migrated into much smaller orbits. Most of the proposed migration mechanisms can be classified either as disk-driven migration, or as excitation of a very high eccentricity followed by tidal circularization. In the latter scenario, the giant planet that is destined to become a hot Jupiter spends billions of years on a highly-eccentric orbit, with apastron near the water-ice line. Eventually, tidal dissipation at periastron shrinks and circularizes the orbit. If this is correct, then it should be especially rare for hot Jupiters to be accompanied by another giant planet interior to the water-ice line. Using the current sample of giant planets discovered with the Doppler technique, we find that hot Jupiters with P_orb < 10 days are no more or less likely to have exterior Jupiter-mass companions than longer-period giant planets with P_orb >= 10 days. This result holds for exterior companions both inside and outside of the approximate location of the water-ice line. These results are difficult to reconcile with the high-eccentricity migration scenario for hot Jupiter formation.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, and 3 tables in aastex6 format; accepted for publication in ApJ
Azapeptide activity-based probes for the SARS-CoV-2 main protease enable visualization of inhibition in infected cells
Creators: name: Vanhoutte, Roeland
name: Barniol-Xicota, Marta
name: Chiu, Winston
name: Vangeel, Laura
name: Jochmans, Dirk
name: De Jonghe, Steven
name: Zidane, Hadeer
name: Barr, Haim M.
name: London, Nir
name: Neyts, Johan
name: Verhelst, Steven H. L.
Publisher: name: Cambridge : RSC
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Amino acids
subject: Diseases
subject: Probes
subject: Synthesis (chemical)
subject: Active site
subject: Activity-based probe
subject: 540

description: The COVID-19 pandemic has revealed the vulnerability of the modern, global society. With expected waves of future infections by SARS-CoV-2, treatment options for infected individuals will be crucial in order to decrease mortality and hospitalizations. The SARS-CoV-2 main protease is a validated drug target, for which the first inhibitor has been approved for use in patients. To facilitate future work on this drug target, we designed a solid-phase synthesis route towards azapeptide activity-based probes that are capped with a cysteine-reactive electrophile for covalent modification of the active site of Mpro. This design led to the most potent ABP for Mpro and one of the most potent inhibitors reported thus far. We demonstrate that this ABP can be used to visualize Mpro activity and target engagement by drugs in infected cells.
Simulation and Modelling of a Combined Concentrating Photovoltaic-Thermal Collector with TRNSYS
Creators: name: Reatti, A.
name: Beltramini, M.
name: Tempesti, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 786-789
description: The purpose of this work is to illustrate the design and the optimization of an innovative hybrid
photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) collector using transient simulation software. Hybrid PV/T collectors combine electrical energy
production from PV cells, with thermal energy production obtained by the heat recovery from the back of the cells. In this
way a very high energy conversion rate of the absorbed solar irradiation is achievable. In this paper, the authors evaluate the
performance of PV/T concentrators for the combined production of heat and electricity. In this concern the overall system
performance is significantly increased. Beside the simulations showed that, under optimum conditions, an electrical
efficiency of up to 10% and a thermal efficiency of up to 50% can be achieved. Hence, the proposed PV/T system allows an
overall energy efficiency of almost 60%. The simulations performed gave a validation of the experimental results obtained
during prototype tests. This further developed instrument can be useful for the modelling of PV/T concentrating collectors.
$\mathrm{Pin}(2)$-monopole Floer homology, higher compositions and connected sums
Creators: name: Lin, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the behavior of $\mathrm{Pin}(2)$-monopole Floer homology under connected sums. After constructing a (partially defined) $\mathcal{A}_{\infty}$-module structure on the $\mathrm{Pin}(2)$-monopole Floer chain complex of a three manifold (in the spirit of Baldwin and Bloom's monopole category), we identify up to quasi-isomorphism the Floer chain complex of a connected sum with a version of the $\mathcal{A}_{\infty}$-tensor product of the modules of the summands. There is an associated Eilenberg-Moore spectral sequence converging to the Floer groups of the connected sum whose $E^2$ page is the $\mathrm{Tor}$ of the Floer groups of the summands. We discuss in detail a simple example, and use this computation to show that the $\mathrm{Pin}(2)$-monopole Floer homology of $S^3$ has non trivial Massey products
description: 43 pages, 14 figures. Comments very welcome!
Wellbeing supportive design -- Research-based guidelines for supporting psychological wellbeing in user experience
Creators: name: Peters, Dorian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While human beings have a right to digital experiences that support, rather than diminish, their psychological wellbeing, technology designers lack research-based practices for ensuring psychological needs are met. To help address this gap, we draw on findings from over 30 years of research in psychology (specifically, self-determination theory) that has identified contextual factors shown to support psychological wellbeing. We translate these findings into a list of 15 heuristics and 30 design strategies to provide technology makers with theoretically grounded, research-based, and actionable ways to support wellbeing in user experience.
description: Open access published version via International Journal of Human Computer Interaction
Solving the Hagedorn temperature of AdS5/CFT4 via the Quantum Spectral Curve: Chemical potentials and deformations
Creators: name: Harmark, Troels
name: Wilhelm, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe how to calculate the Hagedorn temperature of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory and type IIB superstring theory on $AdS_5\times S^5$ via the Quantum Spectral Curve (QSC) -- providing further details on our previous letters 1706.03074 and 1803.04416. We solve the QSC equations perturbatively at weak 't Hooft coupling $λ$ up to seven-loop order and numerically at finite coupling, finding that the perturbative results can be expressed in terms of single-valued harmonic polylogarithms. Moreover, we generalize the QSC to describe the Hagedorn temperature in the presence of chemical potentials. Finally, we show that the Hagedorn temperature in certain deformations of $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory (real-$β$ and $γ_i$ deformation) agrees with the one in $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM theory at any value of $λ$.
description: 52 pages; v2: added the analytic value for the leading correction at strong coupling (due to J. Maldacena and E. Urbach), as well as numeric values for the sub- and subsubleading correction
D4.6 REUSABLE MODEL & ANALYTICAL TOOLS: SOFTWARE PROTOTYPE 3
Creators: name: Biran, Ofer
name: Feder, Oshrit
name: Moatti, Yosef
name: Salmerón, Sergio
name: Sanguino Gonzalez, María Ángeles
name: Mavrogiorgou, Argyro
name: Kiourtis, Thanos
name: Manias, George
name: Koutsoukos, Konstantinos
name: Sgouros, Nikitas
name: Maglogiannis, Ilias
name: Kranas, Pavlos
name: Ramiro, Alejandro
name: Gallego, Jesus Manuel
name: Spencer, Pablos
name: Rodriguez, Rogelio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Policy Cloud
policymaking
data driven
policy management
big data

description: This document is the third and last software demonstrator deliverable of PolicyCLOUD at M34, October 2022, of the project and is intended for the reviewers of the software deliverables. This deliverable provides the description of the final software demonstrator for the components of the Integrated Data Acquisition and Analytics (DAA) Layer, which provides the analytical capabilities of the PolicyCLOUD platform. The components include the DAA API Gateway (responsible for the overall orchestration and the layer API), the built-in analytical tools such as the new Trend Analysis tool as well as the analytical tools already presented in D4.4 [6]: Data cleaning and interoperability, Situational Knowledge, Opinion Mining & Sentiment Analysis and Social Dynamics & Behavioural Data analysis, and the Operational Data Repository. The full integration of the DAA API Gateway (responsible for the overall orchestration and the layer API) was demonstrated during the review of June 2021 for two use cases. As of the publication of this deliverable, this has been extended in multiple ways: Additional ingest analytics capabilities such as Trend Analysis were added as detailed in section 2.1.3 and 2.1.4 The new integration of the Politika framework with PolicyCloud as detailed in section 2.2.5 of D4.5 [3] and as further detailed in sections 2.1.5.4 and 2.1.6 of this deliverable. The integrated Politika framework was itself used for two use cases, as detailed in section 2.2.6.2 The novel seamless architecture which was introduced in D4.4 [6] and which presents single logical datasets to users that can be explored with SQL had further been enhanced in the past year by performance enhancements of the SQL JOIN as detailed in section 4.4.4 of D4.5. The impact of using the seamless technology is minimal, as the users do not even know in what storage tier their datasets are stored. The only impact is a change of the SQL statement that now makes use of atable function that accepts standard SQL statements though, as detailed in section 2.2.8.3.
description: This deliverable is submitted to the EC, not yet approved.
Going beyond the Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit in a flat-band superconductor
Creators: name: Ghanbari, Atousa
name: Erlandsen, Eirik
name: Sudbø, Asle
name: Linder, Jacob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit normally places stringent conditions on the magnitude of the magnetic field that can coexist with spin-singlet superconductivity, restricting the critical induced Zeeman shift to a fraction of the superconducting gap. Here, we consider a model system where the spin-singlet Cooper pairing in a dispersive band crossing the Fermi level is boosted by an additional flat-band located away from the Fermi level. The boosting of the pairing in the dispersive band allows for nontrivial solutions to the coupled gap equations for spin-splitting fields considerably larger than the superconducting gaps at zero field. Further, the additional Cooper pairing in the flat-band, away from the Fermi level, increases the superconducting condensation energy without affecting the paramagnetic susceptibility of the system, making the free energy favor the superconducting state. This opens up the possibility for spin-singlet superconductivity beyond the standard Chandrasekhar-Clogston limit.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Band Gap-Voltage Offset and Energy Production in Next-Generation Multijunction Solar Cells
Creators: name: King, R.R.
name: Bhusari, D.
name: Boca, A.
name: Larrabee, D.
name: Liu, X.-Q.
name: Hong, W.
name: Fetzer, C.M.
name: Law, D.C.
name: Karam, N.H.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics: New Concepts and Ultra-high Efficiency
Fundamental Studies

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 33-46
description: The potential for new 4-, 5-, and 6-junction solar cell architectures to reach 50% efficiency is highly
leveraging for the economics of concentrator photovoltaic (CPV) systems. The theoretical performance of such nextgeneration
cells, and experimental results for 3- and 4-junction CPV cells, are examined here to evaluate their impact
for real-world solar electricity generation. Semiconductor device physics equations are formulated in terms of the
band gap-voltage offset Woc  (Eg / q) – Voc , to give a clearer physical understanding and more general analysis of the
multiple subcell band gaps in multijunction cells. Band gap-voltage offset is shown experimentally to be largely
independent of band gap Eg for a wide range of metamorphic and lattice-matched semiconductors from 0.67 to 2.1 eV.
Its theoretical Eg dependence is calculated from that of the radiative recombination coefficient, and at a more
fundamental level using the Shockley-Queisser detailed balance model, bearing out experimental observations. Energy
production of 4-, 5-, and 6-junction CPV cells, calculated for changing air mass and spectrum over the course of the
day, is found to be significantly greater than for conventional 3-junction cells. The spectral sensitivity of these nextgeneration
cell designs is fairly low, and is outweighed by their higher efficiency. Lattice-matched GaInP/GaInAs/Ge
cells have reached an independently confirmed efficiency of 41.6%, the highest efficiency yet demonstrated for any
type of solar cell. Light I-V measurements of this record 41.6% cell, of next-generation upright metamorphic 3-
junction cells with 40% target production efficiency, and of experimental 4-junction CPV cells are presented.
Development of a multispectral stereo-camera system comparable to Hayabusa2 Optical Navigation Camera (ONC-T) for observing samples returned from asteroid (162173) Ryugu
Creators: name: Cho, Yuichiro
name: Yumoto, Koki
name: Yabe, Yuna
name: Mori, Shoki
name: Ogura, Jo A.
name: Yada, Toru
name: Miyazaki, Akiko
name: Yogata, Kasumi
name: Hatakeda, Kentaro
name: Nishimura, Masahiro
name: Abe, Masanao
name: Usui, Tomohiro
name: Sugita, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hayabusa2 collected 5.4 g of samples from the asteroid (162173) Ryugu and brought them back to Earth. Obtaining multiband images of these samples with the spectral bands comparable to those used for remote-sensing observations is important for characterizing the collected samples and examining how representative the sample is compared with spacecraft observations of Ryugu as a whole. In this study, we constructed a multiband microscopic camera system that enables both visual multispectral imaging at 390 (ul), 475 (b), 550 (v), 590 (Na), 700 (w), and 850 nm (x), and three-dimensional (3D) shape reconstruction of individual grain samples based on stereo imaging. The imaging system yields the images of 4096 x 2160 pixels with the pixel resolution of 1.93 μm/pix and field of view of 7.9 x 4.2 mm. Our validation measurements demonstrate that our multispectral imaging system, which observes the samples with the spectral bands comparable to those on the telescopic optical navigation camera (ONC-T) on Hayabusa2, yields reflectance spectra with a relative error of 3% and a 3D model with an error of 5%. These results indicate that the multiband imaging system with a 3D shape reconstruction capability yields accurate spectral and shape data on the returned samples. Using this instrument, we conducted multispectral measurements of two Ryugu samples (grains in the dishes A3 and C1) acquired from two locations on the asteroid. The average spectra of the measured Ryugu samples were flat and consistent with the global averaged spectrum of Ryugu. The 550-nm band (v-band) reflectance of the returned grains in the dishes was 2.4% on average, higher than that of the global averaged spectrum of Ryugu observed with ONC-T. This apparent difference could be because the returned grains have greater specular reflectance.
Remarkably Enhanced Dynamic Oxygen Migration on Graphene Oxide Supported by Copper Substrate
Creators: name: Yan, Zihan
name: Yang, Wenjie
name: Yang, Hao
name: Ji, Chengao
name: Zeng, Shuming
name: Zhang, Xiuyun
name: Zhao, Liang
name: Tu, Yusong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic covalent properties of graphene oxide (GO) are of fundamental interest to a broad range of scientific areas and technological applications. It remains a challenge to access the feasible dynamic reactions for reversibly breaking/reforming covalent bonds of oxygen functional groups on GO, although these reactions can be induced by photonic or mechanical routes, or mediated by adsorbed water. Here, using the density functional theory calculations, we demonstrate the remarkably enhanced dynamic oxygen migration along the basal plane of GO supported by copper substrate (GO@copper), with the C-O bond breaking reaction and proton transfer between the neighboring epoxy and hydroxyl groups. Compared to that on GO, the energy barrier of oxygen migration on GO@copper is sharply reduced to be less than or comparable to thermal fluctuations, and meanwhile the crystallographic match between GO and copper substrate induces new oxygen migration paths on GO@copper. This work sheds light on the understanding of metal substrate-enhanced dynamic properties of GO, and evidences the strategy to tune the activity of two-dimension-interfacial oxygen groups for various potential applications.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Impact of Iron Contamination on CZ-Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Laades, A.
name: Lauer, K.
name: Bähr, M.
name: Maier, C.
name: Lawerenz, A.
name: Alber, D.
name: Nutsch, J.
name: Lossen, J.
name: Koitzsch, C.
name: Kibizov, R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Cells and Materials, Processing Technology of

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 1728-1732
description: We have systematically investigated the influence of iron on the performance of industrial Czochralski monocrystalline silicon solar cells. The study focused on the behavior of interstitial iron as a recombination center at three stages of the industrial solar cell fabrication sequence: (i) on as-cut wafer level, (ii) after phosphorous diffusion and (iii) after completed solar cell process. The investigated wafer groups were carefully chosen to represent different ingots with various electronic properties (lifetime and purity levels). The electronic properties of the wafers were investigated by minority carrier
lifetime measurements in order to determine the effective lifetime and the interstitial iron content. In one of the ingots, neutron activation analysis was used to determine the total impurity concentration of the silicon raw material, revealing many different contaminants. In this ingot, iron was found to have the highest impurity concentration. Combining the results of both methods, we found that 0.2 % of the total iron atoms present in the sample are in interstitial form. Complete solar cells were made from all wafer groups and analyzed by means of current-voltage characteristics. The surprising finding is that, in spite of high iron contamination, very high solar cell conversion efficiencies could be achieved. Considerable amounts of interstitial iron were detected not only in as cut wafers but also after phosphorous diffusion and even in the readily processed solar cells, revealing the gettering steps to be not as efficient as expected.
Searching for Additional Higgs Bosons via Higgs Cascades
Creators: name: Gao, Christina
name: Luty, Markus A.
name: Mulhearn, Michael
name: Neill, Nicolás A.
name: Wang, Zhangqier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of a 125 GeV Higgs boson at the Large Hadron Collider strongly motivates direct searches for additional Higgs bosons. In a type I two Higgs doublet model there is a large region of parameter space at $\tanβ> 5$ that is currently unconstrained experimentally. We show that the process $gg \to H \to A Z \to ZZh$ can probe this region, and can be the discovery mode for an extended Higgs sector at the LHC. We analyze 9 promising decay modes for the $ZZh$ state, and we find that the most sensitive final states are $\ell\ell\ell\ell bb$, $\ell\ell jjbb$, $\ell\ellννγγ$ and $\ell\ell\ell\ell +{}$missing energy.
description: 24 pages, 12 figures
Influence of wavelength and accumulated fluence at picosecond laser-induced surface roughening of copper on secondary electron yield
Creators: name: Bez, Elena
name: Himmerlich, Marcel
name: Lorenz, Pierre
name: Ehrhardt, Martin
name: Gunn, Aidan Graham
name: Pfeiffer, Stephan
name: Rimoldi, Martino
name: Taborelli, Mauro
name: Zimmer, Klaus
name: Chiggiato, Paolo
name: Anders, André
Publisher: name: Melville, NY : American Inst. of Physics
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Ablation
subject: Copper
subject: Picosecond lasers
subject: Secondary emission
subject: Topography
subject: 530

description: Ultrashort-pulse laser processing of copper is performed in air to reduce the secondary electron yield (SEY). By UV (355 nm), green (532 nm), and IR (1064 nm) laser-light induced surface modification, this study investigates the influence of the most relevant experimental parameters, such as laser power, scanning speed, and scanning line distance (represented as accumulated fluence) on the ablation depth, surface oxidation, topography, and ultimately on the SEY. Increasing the accumulated laser fluence results in a gradual change from a Cu 2 O to a CuO-dominated surface with deeper micrometer trenches, higher density of redeposited surface particles from the plasma phase, and a reduced SEY. While the surface modifications are less pronounced for IR radiation at low accumulated fluence (,1000 J/cm2 ), analogous results are obtained for all wavelengths when reaching the nonlinear absorption regime, for which the SEY maximum converges to 0.7. Furthermore, independent of the extent of the structural transformations, an electron-induced surface conditioning at 250 eV allows a reduction of the SEY maximum below unity at doses of 5×10 -4 C/mm2 . Consequently, optimization of processing parameters for application in particle accelerators can be obtained for a sufficiently low SEY at controlled ablation depth and surface particle density, which are factors that limit the surface impedance and the applicability of the material processing for ultrahigh vacuum systems. The relations between pro- cessing parameters and surface features will provide guidance in treating the surface of vacuum components, especially beam screens of selected magnets of the Large Hadron Collider or of future colliders.
Nuclear collisions at the Future Circular Collider
Creators: name: Armesto, N.
name: Dainese, A.
name: d'Enterria, D.
name: Masciocchi, S.
name: Roland, C.
name: Salgado, C. A.
name: van Leeuwen, M.
name: Wiedemann, U. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Future Circular Collider is a new proposed collider at CERN with centre-of-mass energies around 100 TeV in the pp mode. Ongoing studies aim at assessing its physics potential and technical feasibility. Here we focus on updates in physics opportunities accessible in pA and AA collisions not covered in previous Quark Matter contributions, including Quark-Gluon Plasma and gluon saturation studies, novel hard probes of QCD matter, and photon-induced collisions.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, proceedings of Quark Matter 2015
A proposal for the Yang-Mills vacuum and mass gap
Creators: name: Metaxas, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I examine a set of Feynman rules, and the resulting effective action, that were proposed in order to incorporate the constraint of Gauss's law in the perturbation expansion of gauge field theories. A set of solutions for the Lagrangian and Hamiltonian equations of motion in Minkowski space-time, as well as their stability, are investigated. A discussion of the Euclidean action, confinement, and the strong-CP problem is also included. The properties and symmetries of the perturbative and the confining vacuum are explored, as well as the possible transitions between them, and the relations with phenomenological models of the strong interactions.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures, published version
Biased Agonism at MOP Opioid Receptors
Creators: name: Azzam, Ammar
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Opioids are the mainstay of pain management. Their use comes with side effects such as respiratory depression, constipation, addiction and tolerance. Opioids interact with opioid receptors; classical μ (MOP), δ (DOP) and κ (KOP) and non-classical N/OFQ receptor or NOP. Classical is naloxone sensitive and the main target for clinical opioid medications. There is considerable interest in designing MOP opioids with reduced side effects. Opioids couple via G-protein and β-Arrestin pathways and there is strong evidence from knockout animals that ligands biased to G-protein and away from β-Arrestin produce analgesia with reduced side effects. This has been questioned. Recently, oliceridine has been approved for use by FDA. We have studied Oliceridine, PZM21, 381G (Putative G-bias) and 433β (Putative β-Arrestin bias) in; (1) radioligand receptor binding. (2) GTPγ[35S] binding (G-protein pathway), (3) β-Arrestin recruitment and (4) MAPK activation (potentially uses both pathways). Oliceridine, PZM21 and both biased peptides bound to MOP receptor and stimulated GTPγ[35S] binding. Importantly, Oliceridine and PZM21 were partial agonists relative to the endogenous opioid Endomorphin-1. This was confirmed by Oliceridine and PZM21 antagonism of the response to Endomorphin-1. All ligands tested activated MAPK (ERK1/2 but not P38). In a range of β-Arrestin assays 433β and Endomorphin-1 were active, Oliceridine, PZM21 and 381G were not. There was some variation between BRET assay in a neuronal background and pathHunter assay in CHO cells. The BRET assay we had available proved unstable so we manufactured a new line by double expression in a CHO background. This consistent cell background allows comparison with G-protein data. Collectively this thesis has used a range of assays to show differential pathway activation by a number of putative biased ligands. Our most important finding is that Oliceridine and PZM21 are partial agonists at G-protein and this can easily explain potential bias.
Localized NMR Mediated by Electrical-Field-Induced Domain Wall Oscillation in Quantum-Hall-Ferromagnet Nanowire
Creators: name: Miyamoto, S.
name: Miura, T.
name: Watanabe, S.
name: Nagase, K.
name: Hirayama, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fractional quantum Hall domain walls confined in a gate-defined wire structure. Our experiments utilize spatial oscillation of domain walls driven by radio frequency electric fields to cause nuclear magnetic resonance. The resulting spectra are discussed in terms of both large quadrupole fields created around the wire and hyperfine fields associated with the oscillating domain walls. This provides the experimental fact that the domain walls survive near the confined geometry despite of potential deformation, by which a localized magnetic resonance is allowed in electrical means.
description: 23 pages, 8 figures (including Supporting Information)
Four-Face Polyhedral Low-Concentration Mirror (3X) PV Generator
Creators: name: Alonso-Abella, M.
name: Chenlo, F.
name: Rodríguez, C.
name: Sánchez, J.
name: Fernández, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 798-802
description: A four-face polyhedral low concentration (3X) based in mirrors PV generator and sun tracker was
designed, built and put into operation. Standard high efficiency PV modules are being tested to operate under low
concentration with a tailored aluminium heat sink pasted to the PV module back-side tedlar. Uniform illumination
and acceptance angle togheter with the thermal contact of the heat sink have been found as critical parameters in the
energetic system performance. The first prototype has been built and first test results are presented in this work.
Simulation of bifurcated stent grafts to treat abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA)
Creators: name: Egger, Jan
name: Großkopf, Stefan
name: Freisleben, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Tissues and Organs (q-bio.TO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this paper a method is introduced, to visualize bifurcated stent grafts in CT-Data. The aim is to improve therapy planning for minimal invasive treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Due to precise measurement of the abdominal aortic aneurysm and exact simulation of the bifurcated stent graft, physicians are supported in choosing a suitable stent prior to an intervention. The presented method can be used to measure the dimensions of the abdominal aortic aneurysm as well as simulate a bifurcated stent graft. Both of these procedures are based on a preceding segmentation and skeletonization of the aortic, right and left iliac. Using these centerlines (aortic, right and left iliac) a bifurcated initial stent is constructed. Through the implementation of an ACM method the initial stent is fit iteratively to the vessel walls - due to the influence of external forces (distance- as well as balloonforce). Following the fitting process, the crucial values for choosing a bifurcated stent graft are measured, e.g. aortic diameter, right and left common iliac diameter, minimum diameter of distal neck. The selected stent is then simulated to the CT-Data - starting with the initial stent. It hereby becomes apparent if the dimensions of the bifurcated stent graft are exact, i.e. the fitting to the arteries was done properly and no ostium was covered.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, 5 equations, 9 references in Proc. SPIE 6509, Medical Imaging 2007: Visualization and Image-Guided Procedures, 65091N (22 March 2007)
A Solar Cogeneration Module with Stepped PV Cells
Creators: name: Matsuoka, H.
name: Tamura, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Advanced Photovoltaics
Terrestrial Concentrator Systems

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 795-797
description: This paper proposes a solar cogeneration module that generates both electricity and thermal energy from
sunlight. The paper also introduces its application to telecommunication facilities. The module is composed of
photovoltaic cells, mirrors and circulating water arranged at a certain angle. The mirror and the water concentrate
sunlight to the photovoltaic cells, and increase the efficiency of producing electricity per cell. The circulating water
absorbs the thermal energy of the photovoltaic cells. We tested the prototype module and evaluated the efficiency of
photovoltaic energy conversion of the proposed module under AM1.5 pseudo solar radiation. The experimental results
show that approximately 1.5 times electricity can be produced per cell and obtain hot water more than 40°C .
ECOTOX 5.6 User Guide
Creators: name: Olker, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The United States Environmental Protection Agency’s Center for Computational Toxicology and Exposure
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 321407
subject: Toxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)

description: Updated ECOTOX Knowledgebase User Guide for FY23-24 with documented changes and additions to the ECOTOX user interface, as well as the changes to the literature review and data curation pipeline.Science Inventory, CCTE products: https://cfpub.epa.gov/si/si_public_search_results.cfm?advSearch=true&showCriteria=2&keyword=CCTE&TIMSType=&TIMSSubTypeID=&epaNumber=&ombCat=Any&dateBeginPublishedPresented=07/01/2017&dateEndPublishedPresented=&dateBeginUpdated=&dateEndUpdated=&DEID=&personName=&personID=&role=Any&journalName=&journalID=&publisherName=&publisherID=&sortBy=pubDate&count=25