Heterolepidoderma
Creators: name: Garraffoni, André R. S.
name: Melchior, Marina P.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Gastrotricha
Chaetonotida
Chaetonotidae
Heterolepidoderma

description: Key to Freshwater Species of the Genus Heterolepidoderma
1. Body elongated (130–190 µm)........................................................................... 2
- Body short, compact (90–120 µm)........................................................................ 9
2. Posterior trunk region drastically reducing in width, head shaped as an isosceles trapezoid.... H. trapezoidum Kånneby, 2011
- Posterior trunk region tapering gently in width, head shape rounded, not as an isosceles trapezoid...................... 3
3. Head three-lobed...................................................................................... 4
- Head five-lobed....................................................................................... 6
4. Internal edges of furca base with one pair of short spines; adhesive tubes very short, fairly thick, and slightly bifurcate............................................................................. H. brevitubulatum Kisielewski, 1981
- Internal edges of furca base without one pair of short spines; adhesive tubes elongated............................... 5
5. Presence of a transverse band of cilia on the head connecting the two bands of longitudinal ventral cilia; some longitudinal rows of dorsal scales with diagonally arranged scales in the neck and rearmost trunk regions............ H. mariae sp. nov.
- Absence of transverse band of cilia on the head connecting the two bands of longitudinal ventral cilia; longitudinal rows of dorsal scales parallel to the body axis.................................................... H. majus Remane, 1927
6. Scales and keels hardly noticeable..................................................... H. gracile Remane, 1927
- Strongly keeled scales..................................................................................7
7. Furca base without scales; adhesive tubes forcipate............................... H. longicaudatum Kisielewski, 1979
- Furca base covered with scales; adhesive tubes more or less straight pointing slightly outward at their distal ends..........8
8. Oval scales in 35–40 longitudinal rows; Ventral ciliation as a two separate longitudinal bands for the whole body................................................................................. H. kossinense Preobrajenskaja, 1926
- Elliptical scales in 30–32 longitudinal rows; Ventral ciliation as a continuous field of transverse rows covering the entire ven- tral body surface in the pharyngeal and beginning of the intestinal regions, splitting at the beginning of the intestinal region to form two separate longitudinal bands........................................ H. famaillense Grosso & Drahg, 1991
9. Presence of cuticular reinforcements (or rods) in the anterior part of the pharynx................................... 10
- Absence of cuticular reinforcements (or rods) in the anterior part of the pharynx...................................13
10. Two pairs of cuticular reinforcements (or rods) in pharynx.......................... .. H. dimentmani Kisielewski, 1999
- One pair of cuticular reinforcements (or rods) in pharynx..................................................... 11
11. Paired ventrolateral row of delicate lamellae absent................................. H. joermungandri Kånneby, 2011
- Paired ventrolateral row of delicate lamellae present......................................................... 12
12. Interciliary area in pharyngeal and anterior part of intestinal portions naked, 35 longitudinal rows of scales........................................................................................... H. jureiense Kisielewski, 1991
- Entire interciliary area covered with small keeled scales with spiny processes, 17–23 longitudinal rows of scales................................................................................ H. lamellatum Balsamo & Fregni, 1995
13. Longitudinal rows of dorsal scales more or less curved....................................................... 14
- Longitudinal rows of dorsal scales straight, parallel to the longitudinal axis...................................... 17
14. Pharynx swellings only at the posterior end (large terminal bulb); 40–45 longitudinal rows of dorsal scales.......................................................................................... H. multiseriatum Balsamo, 1978
- Pharynx cylindrical or with swellings at both ends; 10–25 longitudinal rows of dorsal scales..........................15
15. Pharynx cylindrical................................................................ H. patella Schwank, 1990
- Pharynx with swellings at both ends...................................................................... 16
16. Crescent-shaped scales present; ocellar granules absent..................................... H. obliquum Saito, 1937
- Crescent-shaped scales absent; ocellar granules present................................. H. macrops Kisielewski, 1981
17. Presence of keeled scales with a band of simple spines on dorsal trunk............... H. acidophilum Kånneby et al. 2012
- Absence of keeled scales with a band of simple spines on dorsal trunk........................................... 18
18. Scales unkeeled (minute spine-like point distally), oblong to triangular; presence of a pair of round scales on the ventral side of the furca base.......................................................... H. pineisquamatum Balsamo, 1980
- Scales keeled; absence of a pair of round scales on the ventral side of the furca base................................ 19
19. Scales visible; oblong-elliptical keeled scales, which taper distally to short simple spine (8–9 µm)................................................................................................. H. ocellatum Metschnikoff, 1865
- Scales minute; keels very delicate and hardly visible (1–2.5 µm)............................................... 20
20. Pharynx swelling only at the posterior end (large terminal bulb); extremely wide trunk........... H. obesum d'Hondt, 1967
- Pharynx swellings at both ends; neck constriction gradually widens into the trunk.................................. 21
21. One pair of ocellar granules; furca base without scales........................... H. tenuisquamatum Kisielewski, 1981
- No ocellar granules; furca base covered with scales.................................... H. illinoisense Robbins, 1965
description: Published as part of Garraffoni, André R. S. & Melchior, Marina P., 2015, New species and new records of freshwater Heterolepidoderma (Gastrotricha: Chaetonotidae) from Brazil with an identification key to the genus, pp. 551-568 in Zootaxa 4057 (4) on pages 565-566, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4057.4.5, http://zenodo.org/record/235113