Measurements of the charge ratio and polarization of cosmic-ray muons with the Super-Kamiokande detector
Creators: name: Kitagawa, H.
name: Tada, T.
name: Abe, K.
name: Bronner, C.
name: Hayato, Y.
name: Hiraide, K.
name: Hosokawa, K.
name: Ieki, K.
name: Ikeda, M.
name: Kameda, J.
name: Kanemura, Y.
name: Kaneshima, R.
name: Kashiwagi, Y.
name: Kataoka, Y.
name: Miki, S.
name: Mine, S.
name: Miura, M.
name: Moriyama, S.
name: Nakano, Y.
name: Nakahata, M.
name: Nakayama, S.
name: Noguchi, Y.
name: Okamoto, K.
name: Sato, K.
name: Sekiya, H.
name: Shiba, H.
name: Shimizu, K.
name: Shiozawa, M.
name: Sonoda, Y.
name: Suzuki, Y.
name: Takeda, A.
name: Takemoto, Y.
name: Takenaka, A.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Watanabe, S.
name: Yano, T.
name: Han, S.
name: Kajita, T.
name: Okumura, K.
name: Tashiro, T.
name: Tomiya, T.
name: Wang, X.
name: Yoshida, S.
name: Megias, G. D.
name: Fernandez, P.
name: Labarga, L.
name: Ospina, N.
name: Zaldivar, B.
name: Pointon, B. W.
name: Kearns, E.
name: Raaf, J. L.
name: Wan, L.
name: Wester, T.
name: Bian, J.
name: Griskevich, N. J.
name: Locke, S.
name: Smy, M. B.
name: Sobel, H. W.
name: Takhistov, V.
name: Yankelevich, A.
name: Hill, J.
name: Jang, M. C.
name: Lee, S. H.
name: Moon, D. H.
name: Park, R. G.
name: Bodur, B.
name: Scholberg, K.
name: Walter, C. W.
name: Beauchêne, A.
name: Drapier, O.
name: Giampaolo, A.
name: Mueller, Th. A.
name: Santos, A. D.
name: Paganini, P.
name: Quilain, B.
name: Rogly, R.
name: Nakamura, T.
name: Jang, J. S.
name: Machado, L. N.
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Choi, K.
name: Iovine, N.
name: Cao, S.
name: Anthony, L. H. V.
name: Martin, D.
name: Prouse, N. W.
name: Scott, M.
name: Sztuc, A. A.
name: Uchida, Y.
name: Berardi, V.
name: Calabria, N. F.
name: Catanesi, M. G.
name: Radicioni, E.
name: Langella, A.
name: De Rosa, G.
name: Collazuol, G.
name: Iacob, F.
name: Lamoureux, M.
name: Mattiazzi, M.
name: Ludovici, L.
name: Gonin, M.
name: Périssé, L.
name: Pronost, G.
name: Fujisawa, C.
name: Maekawa, Y.
name: Nishimura, Y.
name: Okazaki, R.
name: Akutsu, R.
name: Friend, M.
name: Hasegawa, T.
name: Ishida, T.
name: Kobayashi, T.
name: Jakkapu, M.
name: Matsubara, T.
name: Nakadaira, T.
name: Nakamura, K.
name: Oyama, Y.
name: Sakashita, K.
name: Sekiguchi, T.
name: Tsukamoto, T.
name: Bhuiyan, N.
name: Burton, G. T.
name: Di Lodovico, F.
name: Gao, J.
name: Goldsack, A.
name: Katori, T.
name: Migenda, J.
name: Ramsden, R. M.
name: Xie, Z.
name: Zsoldos, S.
name: Kotsar, Y.
name: Ozaki, H.
name: Suzuki, A. T.
name: Takagi, Y.
name: Takeuchi, Y.
name: Zhong, H.
name: Feng, J.
name: Feng, L.
name: Hu, J. R.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Kawaue, M.
name: Kikawa, T.
name: Mori, M.
name: Nakaya, T.
name: Wendell, R. A.
name: Yasutome, K.
name: Jenkins, S. J.
name: McCauley, N.
name: Mehta, P.
name: Tarant, A.
name: Wilking, M. J.
name: Fukuda, Y.
name: Itow, Y.
name: Menjo, H.
name: Ninomiya, K.
name: Yoshioka, Y.
name: Lagoda, J.
name: Mandal, M.
name: Mijakowski, P.
name: Prabhu, Y. S.
name: Zalipska, J.
name: Jia, M.
name: Jiang, J.
name: Jung, C. K.
name: Shi, W.
name: Yanagisawa, C.
name: Harada, M.
name: Hino, Y.
name: Ishino, H.
name: Koshio, Y.
name: Nakanishi, F.
name: Sakai, S.
name: Tano, T.
name: Ishizuka, T.
name: Barr, G.
name: Barrow, D.
name: Cook, L.
name: Samani, S.
name: Wark, D.
name: Holin, A.
name: Nova, F.
name: Jung, S.
name: Yang, B. S.
name: Yang, J. Y.
name: Yoo, J.
name: Fannon, J. E. P.
name: Kneale, L.
name: Malek, M.
name: McElwee, J. M.
name: Thiesse, M. D.
name: Thompson, L. F.
name: Wilson, S. T.
name: Okazawa, H.
name: Lakshmi, S. M.
name: Kim, S. B.
name: Kwon, E.
name: Seo, J. W.
name: Yu, I.
name: Ichikawa, A. K.
name: Nakamura, K. D.
name: Tairafune, S.
name: Nishijima, K.
name: Eguchi, A.
name: Nakagiri, K.
name: Nakajima, Y.
name: Shima, S.
name: Taniuchi, N.
name: Watanabe, E.
name: Yokoyama, M.
name: de Perio, P.
name: Fujita, S.
name: Jesús-Valls, C.
name: Martens, K.
name: Tsui, K. M.
name: Vagins, M. R.
name: Xia, J.
name: Izumiyama, S.
name: Kuze, M.
name: Matsumoto, R.
name: Terada, K.
name: Ishitsuka, M.
name: Ito, H.
name: Kinoshita, T.
name: Ommura, Y.
name: Shigeta, N.
name: Shinoki, M.
name: Suganuma, T.
name: Yamauchi, K.
name: Yoshida, T.
name: Martin, J. F.
name: Tanaka, H. A.
name: Towstego, T.
name: Gaur, R.
name: Gousy-Leblanc, V.
name: Hartz, M.
name: Konaka, A.
name: Li, X.
name: Chen, S.
name: Xu, B. D.
name: Zhang, B.
name: Posiadala-Zezula, M.
name: Boyd, S. B.
name: Edwards, R.
name: Hadley, D.
name: Nicholson, M.
name: O'Flaherty, M.
name: Richards, B.
name: Ali, A.
name: Jamieson, B.
name: Amanai, S.
name: Marti, Ll.
name: Minamino, A.
name: Pintaudi, G.
name: Sano, S.
name: Suzuki, S.
name: Wada, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of the charge ratio ($R$) and polarization ($P^μ_{0}$) measurements using the decay electron events collected from 2008 September to 2022 June by the Super-Kamiokande detector. Because of its underground location and long operation, we performed high precision measurements by accumulating cosmic-ray muons. We measured the muon charge ratio to be $R=1.32 \pm 0.02$ $(\mathrm{stat.}{+}\mathrm{syst.})$ at $E_μ\cos θ_{\mathrm{Zenith}}=0.7^{+0.3}_{-0.2}$ $\mathrm{TeV}$, where $E_μ$ is the muon energy and $θ_{\mathrm{Zenith}}$ is the zenith angle of incoming cosmic-ray muons. This result is consistent with the Honda flux model while this suggests a tension with the $πK$ model of $1.9σ$. We also measured the muon polarization at the production location to be $P^μ_{0}=0.52 \pm 0.02$ $(\mathrm{stat.}{+}\mathrm{syst.})$ at the muon momentum of $0.9^{+0.6}_{-0.1}$ $\mathrm{TeV}/c$ at the surface of the mountain; this also suggests a tension with the Honda flux model of $1.5σ$. This is the most precise measurement ever to experimentally determine the cosmic-ray muon polarization near $1~\mathrm{TeV}/c$. These measurement results are useful to improve the atmospheric neutrino simulations.
description: 29 pages, 45 figures