cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advanced Inorganic Halide Ceramic Scintillators
Creators: name: Hawrami, R.
name: Ariesanti, E.
name: Parkhe, H.
name: Burger, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research in ceramic scintillators has steadily progressed alongside the research in bulk single crystal scintillator growth. As interest in faster scintillation material production with lower cost increases, more research on scintillating ceramics is needed. Research targeting optimization of optically transparent ceramics that can rival bulk-grown crystals grown may lower cost, increase yield, increase volume, and improve energy resolution in applications and systems currently using sodium iodide and alike. Ceramic scintillators that are dense (>5 g/cm3), have high effective Z (>60), are bright (>40,000 photons/MeV), and are not sensitive to moisture as well as those that can be handled without protection are desired. Ultra-fast ceramic materials are also of interest. This paper presents an equipment design and technique to produce inorganic halide ceramic scintillators Cs2HfCl6 (CHC) and Tl2HfCl6 (THC). Improvements and optimization of CHC and THC ceramic scintillator fabrication are gauged by monitoring the energy resolution and peak position of 137Cs full energy peak at 662 keV. With a 1-inch diameter CHC ceramic scintillator, energy resolution of 5.4% (FWHM) and light yield of 20,700 ph/MeV are achieved, while with a 16-mm diameter THC ceramic scintillator, energy resolution of 5.1% (FWHM) and light yield of 27,800 ph/MeV are achieved. Decay times of 0.6 microseconds (21%) and 3.0 microseconds (79%) are measured for CHC and 0.3 microseconds (13%) and 1.0 microseconds (87%) for THC. Both ceramic CHC and THC scintillators have similarly good proportionality data when compared to their single crystal counterparts.
Star formation history of galaxies from z=0 to z=0.7 A backward approach to the evolution of star-forming galaxies
Creators: name: Buat, V.
name: Boissier, S.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Takeuchi, T. T.
name: Floc'h, E. Le
name: Marcillac, D.
name: Huang, J.
name: Nagashima, M.
name: Enoki, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether the mean star formation activity of star-forming galaxies from z=0 to z=0.7 in the GOODS-S field can be reproduced by simple evolution models of these systems. In this case, such models might be used as first order references for studies at higher z to decipher when and to what extent a secular evolution is sufficient to explain the star formation history in galaxies. We selected star-forming galaxies at z=0 and at z=0.7 in IR and in UV to have access to all the recent star formation. We focused on galaxies with a stellar mass ranging between 10^{10} and 10^{11} M_sun for which the results are not biased by the selections. We compared the data to chemical evolution models developed for spiral galaxies and originally built to reproduce the main characteristics of the Milky Way and nearby spirals without fine-tuning them for the present analysis. We find a shallow decrease in the specific star formation rate (SSFR) when the stellar mass increases. The evolution of the SSFR characterizing both UV and IR selected galaxies from z=0 to z=0.7 is consistent with the models built to reproduce the present spiral galaxies. There is no need to strongly modify of the physical conditions in galaxies to explain the average evolution of their star formation from z=0 to z=0.7. We use the models to predict the evolution of the star formation rate and the metallicity on a wider range of redshift and we compare these predictions with the results of semi-analytical models.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Third-order many-body expansion of OSV-MP2 wavefunction for low-order scaling analytical gradient computation
Creators: name: Liang, Qiujiang
name: Yang, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a many-body expansion (MBE) formulation and implementation for efficient computation of analytical energy gradients from OSV-MP2 theory based on our earlier work (Zhou et al. J. Chem. Theory Comput. 2020, 16, 196-210). The third-order MBE(3) expansion of OSV-MP2 wavefunction was developed to adopt the orbital-specific clustering and long-range termination schemes, which avoids term-by-term differentiations of the MBE energy bodies. We achieve better efficiency by exploiting the algorithmic sparsity that allows to prune out insignificant fitting integrals and OSV relaxations. With these approximations, the present implementation is benchmarked on a range of molecules that show an economic scaling in the linear and quadratic regimes for computing MBE(3)-OSV-MP2 amplitude and gradient equations, respectively, and yields normal accuracy comparable to the original OSV-MP2 results. The MPI-3-based parallelism through shared memory one-sided communication is further developed for improving parallel scalability and memory accessibility by sorting the MBE(3) orbital clusters into independent tasks that are distributed on multiple processes across many nodes, supporting both global and local data locations in which selected MBE(3)-OSV-MP2 intermediates of different sizes are distinguished and accordingly placed. The accuracy and efficiency level of our MBE(3)-OSV-MP2 analytical gradient implementation is finally illustrated in two applications: we show that the subtle coordination structure differences of mechanically interlocked Cu-catenane complexes can be distinguished when tuning ligand lengths; and the porphycene molecular dynamics reveals the emergence of the vibrational signature arising from softened N-H stretching associated with hydrogen transfer, using an MP2 level of electron correlation and classical nuclei for the first time.
Quasi-isometric classification of graph manifold groups
Creators: name: Behrstock, Jason A.
name: Neumann, Walter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65; 57N10, 20F36

description: We show that the fundamental groups of any two closed irreducible non-geometric graph-manifolds are quasi-isometric. This answers a question of Kapovich and Leeb. We also classify the quasi-isometry types of fundamental groups of graph-manifolds with boundary in terms of certain finite two-colored graphs. A corollary is the quasi-isometry classification of Artin groups whose presentation graphs are trees. In particular any two right-angled Artin groups whose presentation graphs are trees of diameter at least 3 are quasi-isometric, answering a question of Bestvina; further, this quasi-isometry class does not include any other right-angled Artin groups.
description: Revised on referee's comments to add more details in proof. Introduction revised for clarity
Make BERT-based Chinese Spelling Check Model Enhanced by Layerwise Attention and Gaussian Mixture Model
Creators: name: Cao, Yongchang
name: He, Liang
name: Wu, Zhen
name: Dai, Xinyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: BERT-based models have shown a remarkable ability in the Chinese Spelling Check (CSC) task recently. However, traditional BERT-based methods still suffer from two limitations. First, although previous works have identified that explicit prior knowledge like Part-Of-Speech (POS) tagging can benefit in the CSC task, they neglected the fact that spelling errors inherent in CSC data can lead to incorrect tags and therefore mislead models. Additionally, they ignored the correlation between the implicit hierarchical information encoded by BERT's intermediate layers and different linguistic phenomena. This results in sub-optimal accuracy. To alleviate the above two issues, we design a heterogeneous knowledge-infused framework to strengthen BERT-based CSC models. To incorporate explicit POS knowledge, we utilize an auxiliary task strategy driven by Gaussian mixture model. Meanwhile, to incorporate implicit hierarchical linguistic knowledge within the encoder, we propose a novel form of n-gram-based layerwise self-attention to generate a multilayer representation. Experimental results show that our proposed framework yields a stable performance boost over four strong baseline models and outperforms the previous state-of-the-art methods on two datasets.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 2023 International Joint Conference on Neural Networks (IJCNN)
The influence of surface waters on the bioavailability and toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles to freshwater mussels
Creators: name: Auclair, J
name: Turcotte, P
name: Gagnon, C
name: Gagné, C
Publisher: name: Invertebrate Survival Journal
Year: 2021

description: The increased commercial use of copper oxide nanoparticles (nCuO) led to the release of nanoparticles in wastewaters potentially harming the aquatic biota. The purpose of this study was to determine the toxic action of nCuO and dissolved Cu (II) to Dreissena bugensis freshwater mussels placed in 4 types of surface waters: aquarium, green (high conductivity), brown (high organic carbon) and 10 % municipal effluent (high conductivity and anthropogenic source of organic carbon). Mussels were exposed to 50 µg/L of nCuO or Cu (II) for 96 h at 15 °C in the above waters. The results revealed that the total Cu loadings were higher in mussels placed in organic-rich waters (brown and effluent) and exposed to either forms of Cu. Tissue Cu contents were correlated with air-time survival, lipid peroxidation, protein-ubiquitin levels and DNA strand breaks. Both surface water types and Cu forms influenced Zn (II) mobilization, glutathione S-transferase activity and protein turnover (ubiquitin binding). Based on the surface water properties, Cu (II) was more influenced by the levels and origin of the organic carbon content while nCuO was more influenced by the total suspended solids. In conclusion the toxicity of nCuO could be influenced by surface waters properties expecially when similar physiological targets are impacts by these treatments.
description: Invertebrate Survival Journal, Vol 18 No 1 (2021)
Postsecondary Education Programs for Aboriginal Peoples: Achievements and Issues
Creators: name: Richardson, Cathy
name: Blanchet-Cohen, Natasha
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: This article presents some of the unique postsecondary programs that have been estab­lished to meet the distinct needs of Aboriginal peoples in Canada. The case studies presented in the article point to the variety of programs and models for educational delivery. In critically examining the case studies, special reference is made to how these are designed in relation to add-on, partnership, and First Nations control ap­proaches. As indicated in this research, postsecondary education programs for Aboriginal peoples are rapidly evolving: the developments are impressive, yet many challenges remain. Fundamental questions exist at the center of the debate for First Nations educators and programmers. How does one implement the goals of postsecon­dary education? What are the criteria for evaluating postsecondary education? How can postsecondary education address both the need for more people with degrees and the need for higher education that is culturally grounded and provides students with the tools to transmit their culture? In assessing the situation of postsecondary educa­tion for Aboriginal peoples in the final section, the authors address these questions in the following areas: access and rates of completion, Indian control of Indian educa­tion, and relevance.
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 24 No. 2 (2000)
Understanding Basis Swap Valuation
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: basis swap, interest rate swap, basis risk, OTC derivatives, swaplet, valuation, pricing model

description: A basis swaps is an interest rate swap that involves the exchange of two floating rates, where the floating rate payments are referenced to different bases. Both legs of a basis swap are floating but derived from different index rates (e.g. LIBOR 1 month vs 3 month). Basis swaps are settled in the form of periodic floating interest rate payments. They are quoted as a spread over the reference index. For example, 3-month LIBOR is frequently used as a reference. Spreads are quoted over it.
description: https://ia904506.us.archive.org/1/items/ir-basis-swap-27/IrBasisSwap-archive.pdf
Robust joint registration of multiple stains and MRI for multimodal 3D histology reconstruction: Application to the Allen human brain atlas
Creators: name: Casamitjana, Adrià
name: Lorenzi, Marco
name: Ferraris, Sebastiano
name: Peter, Loc
name: Modat, Marc
name: Stevens, Allison
name: Fischl, Bruce
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Iglesias, Juan Eugenio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Joint registration of a stack of 2D histological sections to recover 3D structure (``3D histology reconstruction'') finds application in areas such as atlas building and validation of \emph{in vivo} imaging. Straightforward pairwise registration of neighbouring sections yields smooth reconstructions but has well-known problems such as ``banana effect'' (straightening of curved structures) and ``z-shift'' (drift). While these problems can be alleviated with an external, linearly aligned reference (e.g., Magnetic Resonance (MR) images), registration is often inaccurate due to contrast differences and the strong nonlinear distortion of the tissue, including artefacts such as folds and tears. In this paper, we present a probabilistic model of spatial deformation that yields reconstructions for multiple histological stains that that are jointly smooth, robust to outliers, and follow the reference shape. The model relies on a spanning tree of latent transforms connecting all the sections and slices of the reference volume, and assumes that the registration between any pair of images can be see as a noisy version of the composition of (possibly inverted) latent transforms connecting the two images. Bayesian inference is used to compute the most likely latent transforms given a set of pairwise registrations between image pairs within and across modalities. The framework is used for accurate 3D reconstruction of two stains (Nissl and parvalbumin) from the Allen human brain atlas, showing its benefits on real data with severe distortions. Moreover, we also provide the registration of the reconstructed volume to MNI space, bridging the gaps between two of the most widely used atlases in histology and MRI. The 3D reconstructed volumes and atlas registration can be downloaded from https://openneuro.org/datasets/ds003590. The code is freely available at https://github.com/acasamitjana/3dhirest.
description: Medical Image Analysis (Accepted on 07/10/2021). 22 pages, 11 figures,
GW190521 formation via three-body encounters in young massive star clusters
Creators: name: Dall'Amico, Marco
name: Mapelli, Michela
name: Di Carlo, Ugo N.
name: Bouffanais, Yann
name: Rastello, Sara
name: Santoliquido, Filippo
name: Ballone, Alessandro
name: Sedda, Manuel Arca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GW190521 is the most massive binary black hole (BBH) merger observed to date, and its primary component lies in the pair-instability (PI) mass gap. Here, we investigate the formation of GW190521-like systems via three-body encounters in young massive star clusters. We performed 2$\times10^5$ simulations of binary-single interactions between a BBH and a massive $\geq{60}\,$M$_{\odot}$ black hole (BH), including post-Newtonian terms up to the $2.5$ order and a prescription for relativistic kicks. In our initial conditions, we take into account the possibility of forming BHs in the PI mass gap via stellar collisions. If we assume that first-generation BHs have low spins, $\sim{0.17}\%$ of all the simulated BBH mergers have component masses, effective and precessing spin, and remnant mass and spin inside the $90\%$ credible intervals of GW190521. Seven of these systems are first-generation exchanged binaries, while five are second-generation BBHs. We estimate a merger rate density $\mathcal{R}_{\rm GW190521}\sim{0.03}\,$Gpc$^{-3}\,$yr$^{-1}$ for GW190521-like binaries formed via binary-single interactions in young star clusters. This rate is extremely sensitive to the spin distribution of first-generation BBHs. Stellar collisions, second-generation mergers and dynamical exchanges are the key ingredients to produce GW190521-like systems in young star clusters.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, MNRAS
Coupling light to a nuclear spin gas with a two-photon linewidth of five millihertz
Creators: name: Katz, Or
name: Shaham, Roy
name: Firstenberg, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nuclear spins of noble gases feature extremely long coherence times but are inaccessible to optical photons. Here we realize a coherent interface between light and noble-gas spins that is mediated by alkali atoms. We demonstrate the optical excitation of the noble-gas spins and observe the coherent back-action on the light in the form of high-contrast two-photon spectra. We report on a record two-photon linewidth of 5$\pm$0.7 mHz (millihertz) above room-temperature, corresponding to a one-minute coherence time. This experiment provides a demonstration of coherent bi-directional coupling between light and noble-gas spins, rendering their long-lived spin coherence accessible for manipulations in the optical domain.
Autonomous Docking Method via Non-linear Model Predictive Control
Creators: name: Saputra, Roni Permana
name: Mirdanies, Midriem
name: Pristianto, Eko Joni
name: Kurniawan, Dayat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a proposed method of autonomous control for docking tasks of a single-seat personal mobility vehicle. We proposed a non-linear model predictive control (NMPC) based visual servoing to achieves the desired autonomous docking task. The proposed method is implemented on a four-wheel electric wheelchair platform, with two independent rear driving wheels and two front castor wheels. The NMPC-based visual servoing technique leverages the information extracted from a visual sensor as a real-time feedback for the NMPC to control the motion of the vehicle achieving the desired autonomous docking task. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller method, a number of experiments both in simulation and in the actual setting. The controller performance is then evaluated based on the controller design requirement. The simulation results on autonomous docking experiments show that the proposed controller has been successfully achieve the desired controller design requirement to generate realtime trajectory for the vehicle performing autonomous docking tasks in several different scenarios.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
title: "Für die Leute geht das nicht, für die darf man nicht beides sein."
title: das lernseitige Begehren nach Empowerment als Kriterium für die Lektürewahl eines gendersensiblen Literaturunterrichts
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Neumeier, Mika
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2024

description: Einfach aussortieren? Anregungen für kritische Lektüren des Literaturkanons p. 79-101 (2024)
Participatory prompting: a user-centric research method for eliciting AI assistance opportunities in knowledge workflows
Creators: name: Sarkar, Advait
name: Drosos, Ian
name: Deline, Rob
name: Gordon, Andrew D.
name: Negreanu, Carina
name: Rintel, Sean
name: Williams, Jack
name: Zorn, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative AI, such as image generation models and large language models, stands to provide tremendous value to end-user programmers in creative and knowledge workflows. Current research methods struggle to engage end-users in a realistic conversation that balances the actually existing capabilities of generative AI with the open-ended nature of user workflows and the many opportunities for the application of this technology. In this work-in-progress paper, we introduce participatory prompting, a method for eliciting opportunities for generative AI in end-user workflows. The participatory prompting method combines a contextual inquiry and a researcher-mediated interaction with a generative model, which helps study participants interact with a generative model without having to develop prompting strategies of their own. We discuss the ongoing development of a study whose aim will be to identify end-user programming opportunities for generative AI in data analysis workflows.
description: Proceedings of the 34th Annual Conference of the Psychology of Programming Interest Group (PPIG 2023)
Effects of collision enhanced charging on dust crystal
Creators: name: Wilson, Althea
name: Shotorban, Babak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of monolayer dust crystals in an RF complex plasma were performed to examine the crystal structure and quantify the effects of including the collision enhanced ion current in the charging model. A GEC cell similar to a previous experimental work was modeled for a range of RF voltages, using a continuum description for the plasma and a particle description for dust grains. The time history of each dust grain was monitored. The dust charge was computed using both the OML and the collision enhanced charging (CEC) model applicable to the sheath region. The dust model accounted for the electric force, ion drag force, neutral drag force, gravity, and the ion wake. The CEC model produced a lower charge and lower electric force which agreed better with the experimental data. Then dust crystals composed of 40 to 100 grains were modeled and the levitation height and inter-particle spacing of the resulting crystals was examined. Including the collision enhanced current reduced the inter-particle spacing but only had a minor effect on the levitation height.
Asymptotic enumeration of sparse nonnegative integer matrices with specified row and column sums
Creators: name: Greenhill, Catherine
name: McKay, Brendan D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A16 (Primary) 62H17 (Secondary)

description: Let \svec = (s_1,...,s_m) and \tvec = (t_1,...,t_n) be vectors of nonnegative integer-valued functions of m,n with equal sum S = sum_{i=1}^m s_i = sum_{j=1}^n t_j. Let M(\svec,\tvec) be the number of m*n matrices with nonnegative integer entries such that the i-th row has row sum s_i and the j-th column has column sum t_j for all i,j. Such matrices occur in many different settings, an important example being the contingency tables (also called frequency tables) important in statistics. Define s=max_i s_i and t=max_j t_j. Previous work has established the asymptotic value of M(\svec,\tvec) as m,n\to\infty with s and t bounded (various authors independently, 1971-1974), and when \svec,\tvec are constant vectors with m/n,n/m,s/n >= c/log n for sufficiently large (Canfield and McKay, 2007). In this paper we extend the sparse range to the case st=o(S^(2/3)). The proof in part follows a previous asymptotic enumeration of 0-1 matrices under the same conditions (Greenhill, McKay and Wang, 2006). We also generalise the enumeration to matrices over any subset of the nonnegative integers that includes 0 and 1.
description: We fixes a small gap in the proof of Lemma 5.1 and made some other minor corrections. No theorem statements have changed
A model for mixed warm and hot right-handed neutrino dark matter
Creators: name: Dutra, Maíra
name: Oliveira, Vinícius
name: Pires, C. A. de S.
name: Queiroz, Farinaldo S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss a model where a mixed warm and hot keV neutrino dark matter rises naturally. We arrange active and sterile neutrinos in the same $SU(3)_L$ multiplet, with the lightest sterile neutrino being dark matter. The other two heavy sterile neutrinos, through their out-of-equilibrium decay, contribute both to the dilution of dark matter density and its population, after freeze-out. We show that this model features all ingredients to overcome the overproduction of keV neutrino dark matter, and explore the phenomenological implications for Big Bang Nucleosynthesis and the number of relativistic degrees of freedom.
description: 23 pages, 4 figures. References added, matches published version
Instability of supersymmetric black holes via quantum phase transitions
Creators: name: Anabalón, Andrés
name: Astefanesei, Dumitru
name: Gallerati, Antonio
name: Trigiante, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we prove that the four-dimensional hyperbolic supersymmetric black holes can be unstable in the canonical ensemble. To this end, we work with an infinite class of $\,\mathcal{N}=2$ supergravity theories interpolating between all the single dilaton truncations of the $\mathrm{SO}(8)$ gauged $\,\mathcal{N}=8$ supergravity. Within these models, we study electrically charged solutions of two different kinds: supersymmetric hairy and extremal non-supersymmetric Reissner-Nordström black holes. We consider these solutions within the same canonical ensemble and show that, for suitable choices of the parameters defining the $\,\mathcal{N}=2$ model, the supersymmetric solution features a higher free energy than the non-supersymmetric one. In the absence of additional selection rules, this would imply an instability of the supersymmetric configuration, hinting towards a possible supersymmetry breaking mechanism.
description: 14 pages
The structure of fluctuations near mean-field critical points and spinodals and its implication for physical processes
Creators: name: Klein, W.
name: Gould, Harvey
name: Gulbahce, Natali
name: Rundle, J. B.
name: Tiampo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the structure of fluctuations near critical points and spinodals in mean-field and near-mean-field systems. Unlike systems that are non-mean-field, for which a fluctuation can be represented by a single cluster in a properly chosen percolation model, a fluctuation in mean-field and near-mean-field systems consists of a large number of clusters, which we term fundamental clusters. The structure of the latter and the way that they form fluctuations has important physical consequences for phenomena as diverse as nucleation in supercooled liquids, spinodal decomposition and continuous ordering, and the statistical distribution of earthquakes. The effects due to the fundamental clusters implies that they are physical objects and not only mathematical constructs.
description: 49 pages, 3 figures some sections rewritten for clarity, moved some derivations to Appendix
A series whose sum range is an arbitrary finite set
Creators: name: Wojtaszczyk, Jakub Onufry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B15

description: In finitely-dimensional spaces the sum range of a series has to be an affine subspace. It is long known this is not the case in infinitely dimensional Banach spaces. In particular in 1984 M.I. Kadets and K. Wozniakowski obtained an example of a series the sum range of which consisted of two points, and asked whether it is possible to obtain more than two, but finitely many points. This paper answers the question positively, by showing how to obtain an arbitrary finite set as the sum range of a series in any infinitely dimensional Banach space.
description: 21 pages
The s-process in stellar population synthesis: a new approach to understanding AGB stars
Creators: name: Marinovic, A. A. Bonacic
name: Izzard, R. G.
name: Lugaro, M.
name: Pols, O. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermally pulsating asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars are the main producers of slow neutron capture (s-) process elements, but there are still large uncertainties associated with the formation of the main neutron source, 13C, and with the physics of these stars in general. Observations of s-process element enhancements in stars can be used as constraints on theoretical models. For the first time we apply stellar population synthesis to the problem of s-process nucleosynthesis in AGB stars, in order to derive constraints on free parameters describing the physics behind the third dredge-up and the properties of the neutron source. We utilize a rapid evolution and nucleosynthesis code to synthesize different populations of s-enhanced stars, and compare them to their observational counterparts to find out for which values of the free parameters in the code the synthetic populations fit best to the observed populations. These free parameters are the amount of third dredge-up, the minimum core mass for third dredge-up, the effectiveness of 13C as a source of neutrons and the size in mass of the 13C pocket. We find that galactic disk objects are reproduced by a spread of a factor of two in the effectiveness of the 13C neutron source. Lower metallicity objects can be reproduced only by lowering by at least a factor of 3 the average value of the effectiveness of the 13C neutron source needed for the galactic disk objects. Using observations of s-process elements in post-AGB stars as constraints we find that dredge-up has to start at a lower core mass than predicted by current theoretical models, that it has to be substantial ($λ$ >~ 0.2) in stars with mass M
description: 16 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Structural Textile Pattern Recognition and Processing Based on Hypergraphs
Creators: name: Ngo, Vuong M.
name: Helmer, Sven
name: Le-Khac, Nhien-An
name: Kechadi, M-Tahar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The humanities, like many other areas of society, are currently undergoing major changes in the wake of digital transformation. However, in order to make collection of digitised material in this area easily accessible, we often still lack adequate search functionality. For instance, digital archives for textiles offer keyword search, which is fairly well understood, and arrange their content following a certain taxonomy, but search functionality at the level of thread structure is still missing. To facilitate the clustering and search, we introduce an approach for recognising similar weaving patterns based on their structures for textile archives. We first represent textile structures using hypergraphs and extract multisets of k-neighbourhoods describing weaving patterns from these graphs. Then, the resulting multisets are clustered using various distance measures and various clustering algorithms (K-Means for simplicity and hierarchical agglomerative algorithms for precision). We evaluate the different variants of our approach experimentally, showing that this can be implemented efficiently (meaning it has linear complexity), and demonstrate its quality to query and cluster datasets containing large textile samples. As, to the est of our knowledge, this is the first practical approach for explicitly modelling complex and irregular weaving patterns usable for retrieval, we aim at establishing a solid baseline.
description: 38 pages, 23 figures
Interest Rate Cancelable Swap Valuation and Risk
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Cancelable swap, interest rate swap, Bermudan swaption, swaption, LGM model, valuation, pricing model

description: A cancelable swap provides the right but not the obligation to cancel the interest rate swap at predefined dates. Most commonly traded cancelable swaps have multiple exercise dates. Given its Bermudan style optionality, a cancelable swap can be represented as a vanilla swap embedded with a Bermudan swaption. Therefore, it can be decomposed into a swap and a Bermudan swaption. Most Bermudan swaptions in a bank book actually come from cancelable swaps. This presentation provides practical details for pricing cancelable swaps.
description: https://ia903401.us.archive.org/17/items/ir-cancelable-swap-29/IrCancelableSwap-archive.pdf
Soft breaking of $L_μ-L_τ$ symmetry: Light neutrino spectrum and Leptogenesis
Creators: name: Adhikary, Biswajit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Continuous $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ symmetry can generate quasi degenerate mass spectrum for both left handed light and right handed heavy Majorana neutrinos assuming that the symmetry preserving non zero parameters are nearly same. There is an accidental $μτ$ exchange symmetry in the light and heavy neutrino Majorana mass terms. This implies $θ_{13}=0$ and $θ_{23}=\fracπ{4}$. In addition it generates another zero mixing angle and one zero mass difference. We restrict ourselves to type-I See-Saw mechanism for generation of light neutrino mass. We have found that under $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ symmetry cosmological lepton asymmetry vanishes. We break $U(1)_{L_μ-L_τ}$ such a way that the $μτ$ exchange symmetry preserves in the neutrino sector. We have seen that light neutrino phenomenology can be explained under soft breaking of this symmetry. We have observed that softness of this symmetry breaking depends on the degeneracy of the light neutrino mass spectrum. Quasi-degeneracy of right handed neutrino mass spectrum opens an option for resonant leptogenesis. The degeneracy of the right handed neutrino mass spectrum is restricted through light neutrino data. We observed that for generation of right sized baryon asymmetry common neutrino mass scale $m_0$ have to be of the order of $\sqrt{Δm^2_{\rm atm}}$ and corresponding right handed neutrino mass scale have to be nearly $10^{13}$ GeV. We also have discussed the effect of RG evolution on light neutrino spectrum and also on baryon asymmetry.
description: 21 pages, no figure, Revised with the comments on RG effect
Interest Rate Futures and Valuation
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: futures, Eurodollar futures, interest rate futures, futures valuation

description: An interest rate future is a futures contract between the buyer and seller to deliver an interest bearing asset, that allows the buyer and seller to lock in the price of the interest bearing asset for a future date. The most popular interest rate future is Eurodollar future.
description: https://ia804502.us.archive.org/13/items/ir-future-34/IrFuture-archive.pdf
The tidal evolution of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal and its globular clusters
Creators: name: Borukhovetskaya, Alexandra
name: Errani, Raphael
name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: Fattahi, Azadeh
name: Santos-Santos, Isabel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark matter (DM) content of the Fornax dwarf spheroidal galaxy inferred from its kinematics is substantially lower than expected from LCDM cosmological simulations. We use N-body simulations to examine whether this may be the result of Galactic tides. We find that, despite improved proper motions from the Gaia mission, the pericentric distance of Fornax remains poorly constrained, mainly because its largest velocity component is roughly anti-parallel to the solar motion. Translating Fornax's proper motion into a Galactocentric velocity is thus sensitively dependent on Fornax's assumed distance: the observed distance uncertainty, $\pm 8\%$, implies pericentric distances that vary between $r_{\rm peri}\sim 50$ and $r_{\rm peri}\sim 150$ kpc. Our simulations show that for $r_{\rm peri}$ in the lower range of that estimate, a LCDM subhalo with maximum circular velocity $V_{\rm max}=40$ km s$^{-1}$ (or virial mass $M_{200}\approx 10^{10} M_\odot$, as expected from LCDM) would be tidally stripped to $V_{\rm max} \sim 23$ km s$^{-1}$ over $10$ Gyr. This would reduce the DM mass within the Fornax stellar half-mass radius to about half its initial value, bringing it into agreement with observations. Tidal stripping affects mainly Fornax's DM halo; its stellar component is affected little, losing less than $5\%$ of its initial mass in the process. We also explore the effect of Galactic tides on the dynamical friction decay times of Fornax's population of globular clusters (GC) and find little evidence for substantial changes, compared with models run in isolation. A population of GCs with initial orbital radii between $1$ and $2$ kpc is consistent with the present-day spatial distribution of Fornax GCs, despite assuming a cuspy halo. Neither the DM content nor the spatial distribution of GCs seem inconsistent with a simple model where Fornax inhabits a tidally-stripped cuspy cold DM halo.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
ICodeNet -- A Hierarchical Neural Network Approach for Source Code Author Identification
Creators: name: Bora, Pranali
name: Awalgaonkar, Tulika
name: Palve, Himanshu
name: Joshi, Raviraj
name: Goel, Purvi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the open-source revolution, source codes are now more easily accessible than ever. This has, however, made it easier for malicious users and institutions to copy the code without giving regards to the license, or credit to the original author. Therefore, source code author identification is a critical task with paramount importance. In this paper, we propose ICodeNet - a hierarchical neural network that can be used for source code file-level tasks. The ICodeNet processes source code in image format and is employed for the task of per file author identification. The ICodeNet consists of an ImageNet trained VGG encoder followed by a shallow neural network. The shallow network is based either on CNN or LSTM. Different variations of models are evaluated on a source code author classification dataset. We have also compared our image-based hierarchical neural network model with simple image-based CNN architecture and text-based CNN and LSTM models to highlight its novelty and efficiency.
description: Accepted at ICMLC 2021
Modified School Years: An Important Issue of Local Control of Education
Creators: name: Tsuji, Leonard J.S.
Publisher: name: Canadian Journal of Native Education
Year: 2021

description: An educational system that begins in September one year and extends to June the next year is an entirely non-Native construct. As more and more First Nations schools incorporate traditional teachings into their school curricula, the use of modified school years has become a necessity as the first step toward year-round schooling. I define a modified school year as a school year that begins before Labour Day in September and/or includes scheduled extended breaks other than Christmas and the conventional March break. The use of modified school years has allowed First Nations students the opportunity to contextualize the learning process through par­ticipation in traditional activities by following the rhythm of the seasons...
description: Canadian Journal of Native Education, Vol. 24 No. 2 (2000)
An Introduction of Interest Rate Futures Options Valuation
Creators: name: Lee, David
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Interest rate futures, interest rate future option, Eurodollar futures, hedge, valuation, exchange.

description: An interest rate future option gives the holder the right but not the obligation to buy or sell an interest rate future at a specified price on a specified date. It is usually traded in an exchange. The buyer normally can exercise the option on any business day (American style) prior to expiration by giving notice to the exchange. Option sellers (writer) receive a fixed premium upfront and in return are obligated to buy or sell the underlying asset at a specified price.
description: https://ia803404.us.archive.org/4/items/ir-future-option-35/IrFutureOption-archive.pdf
How cosmic rays shape galaxies
Creators: name: Pfrommer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Understanding the physics of galaxy formation is an outstanding problem in modern astrophysics. Recent cosmological simulations have demonstrated that feedback by star formation, supernovae and active galactic nuclei appears to be critical in obtaining realistic disk galaxies and to slow down star formation to the small observed rates. However the particular physical processes underlying these feedback processes still remain elusive. In particular, these simulations neglected magnetic fields and relativistic particle populations (so-called cosmic rays). Those are known to provide a pressure support comparable to the thermal gas in our Galaxy and couple dynamically and thermally to the gas, which seriously questions their neglect. After introducing the underlying physical concepts, I will present our recent efforts to model cosmic ray physics in galaxy formation. I will demonstrate that cosmic rays play a decisive role on all scales relevant for the formation of galaxies, from individual supernova remnants to the interstellar medium up to scales relevant for entire galaxies. Finally, I will discuss the non-thermal radio and gamma-ray emission of Milky- Way like galaxies and how the next-generation instruments can be used to infer properties relevant for galaxy formation.
Optimal STIRAP shortcuts using the spin to spring mapping
Creators: name: Evangelakos, Vasileios
name: Paspalakis, Emmanuel
name: Stefanatos, Dionisis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49K15

description: We derive shortcuts to adiabaticity maximizing population transfer in a three-level $Λ$ quantum system, using the spin to spring mapping to formulate the corresponding optimal control problem on the simpler system of a classical driven dissipative harmonic oscillator. We solve the spring optimal control problem and obtain analytical expressions for the impulses, the durations of the zero control intervals and the singular control, which are the elements composing the optimal pulse sequence. We also derive suboptimal solutions for the spring problem, one with less impulses than the optimal and others with smoother polynomial controls. We then apply the solutions derived for the spring system to the original system, and compare the population transfer efficiency with that obtained for the original system using numerical optimal control. For all dissipation rates used, the efficiency of the optimal spring control approaches that of the numerical optimal solution for longer durations, with the approach accomplished earlier for smaller decay rates. The efficiency achieved with the suboptimal spring control with less impulses is very close to that of the optimal spring control in all cases, while that obtained with polynomial controls lies below, and this is the price paid for not using impulses, which can quickly build a nonzero population in the intermediate state. The analysis of the optimal solution for the classical driven dissipative oscillator is not restricted to the system at hand but can also be applied in the transport of a coherent state trapped in a moving harmonic potential and the transport of a mesoscopic object in stochastic thermodynamics.
Form Factors and Wave Functions of Vector Mesons in Holographic QCD
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Hovhannes R.
name: Radyushkin, Anatoly V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Within the framework of a holographic dual model of QCD, we develop a formalism for calculating form factors of vector mesons. We show that the holographic bound states can be described not only in terms of eigenfunctions of the equation of motion, but also in terms of conjugate wave functions that are close analogues of quantum-mechanical bound state wave functions. We derive a generalized VMD representation for form factors, and find a very specific VMD pattern, in which form factors are essentially given by contributions due to the first two bound states in the Q^2-channel. We calculate electric radius of the rho-meson, finding the value _C = 0.53 fm^2.
description: 7 pages, RevTex. References were added, some modifications in the text were made