cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Current Effect-eliminated Optimal Target Assignment and Motion Planning for a Multi-UUV System
Creators: name: Zhu, Danjie
name: Yang, Simon X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The paper presents an innovative approach (CBNNTAP) that addresses the complexities and challenges introduced by ocean currents when optimizing target assignment and motion planning for a multi-unmanned underwater vehicle (UUV) system. The core of the proposed algorithm involves the integration of several key components. Firstly, it incorporates a bio-inspired neural network-based (BINN) approach which predicts the most efficient paths for individual UUVs while simultaneously ensuring collision avoidance among the vehicles. Secondly, an efficient target assignment component is integrated by considering the path distances determined by the BINN algorithm. In addition, a critical innovation within the CBNNTAP algorithm is its capacity to address the disruptive effects of ocean currents, where an adjustment component is seamlessly integrated to counteract the deviations caused by these currents, which enhances the accuracy of both motion planning and target assignment for the UUVs. The effectiveness of the CBNNTAP algorithm is demonstrated through comprehensive simulation results and the outcomes underscore the superiority of the developed algorithm in nullifying the effects of static and dynamic ocean currents in 2D and 3D scenarios.
description: This paper was accepted by IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems
A New World Chaos? International Institutions in the Information Age
Creators: name: Kerr, William A.
name: Kerr, William A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: change
subject: globalisation
subject: international institutions
subject: law
subject: trade policy

description: The technological revolutions that underlie the new information age will tax considerably the abilities of existing international institutions to bring order to international relations. Rapid rates of change may lead to chaos if international institutions cannot evolve to accommodate those changes. In some cases, new organisations will be required. The role given international organisations in establishing order in the latter half of the 20th century is reviewed. The new challenges presented by the information age are outlined. Whether the existing international organisations will be sufficiently flexible to accommodate the changes brought by the information age is assessed.
The Case For and Against Import Embargoes on Products of Biotechnology
Creators: name: Gaisford, James D.
name: Chui-Ha, Carol Lau
name: Gaisford, James D.
name: Chui-Ha, Carol Lau
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: asymmetric information
subject: biotechnology
subject: genetically modified foods
subject: import embargo
subject: labelling

description: This article examines alternative trade policy responses available to an importing country with concerns over innovations in biotechnology. Regardless of the policy response, the importing country may be worse off after a new genetically modified food (GMF) is introduced. While an import embargo may be preferable to allowing free access to unlabelled GMF imports, permitting labelled imports is typically superior to an embargo. Thus, import embargoes on products of biotechnology should not be generally allowed. The paper provides surprising support for the existing WTO provisions on Technical Barriers to Trade, but suggests significant potential problems with the recently negotiated Biosafety Protocol.
The MESS of the CMB
Creators: name: Rodrguez, Manuel Alejandro Jaramillo
name: Romano, Antonio Enea
name: Vallejo-Pena, Sergio Andres
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze cosmic microwave background (CMB) data taking into account the effects of a momentum dependent effective sound speed (MESS). This approach allows to study the effects of primordial entropy in a model independent way, and its implementation requires a minimal modification of existing CMB fitting numerical codes developed for single scalar field models. We adopt a phenomenological approach, and study the effects a local variation of the MESS around the scale where other analysis have shown some deviation from an approximately scale invariant curvature perturbation spectrum. We obtain a substantial improvement of the fit with respect to a model without MESS, showing that primordial entropy modeled by MESS can be an explanation of these deviations.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Simulation and Implementation of Decoy State Quantum Key Distribution over 60km Telecom Fiber
Creators: name: Zhao, Yi
name: Qi, Bing
name: Ma, Xiongfeng
name: Lo, Hoi-Kwong
name: Qian, Li
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decoy state quantum key distribution (QKD) has been proposed as a novel approach to improve dramatically both the security and the performance of practical QKD set-ups. Recently, many theoretical efforts have been made on this topic and have theoretically predicted the high performance of decoy method. However, the gap between theory and experiment remains open. In this paper, we report the first experiments on decoy state QKD, thus bridging the gap. Two protocols of decoy state QKD are implemented: one-decoy protocol over 15km of standard telecom fiber, and weak+vacuum protocol over 60km of standard telecom fiber. We implemented the decoy state method on a modified commercial QKD system. The modification we made is simply adding commercial acousto-optic modulator (AOM) on the QKD system. The AOM is used to modulate the intensity of each signal individually, thus implementing the decoy state method. As an important part of implementation, numerical simulation of our set-up is also performed. The simulation shows that standard security proofs give a zero key generation rate at the distance we perform decoy state QKD (both 15km and 60km). Therefore decoy state QKD is necessary for long distance secure communication. Our implementation shows explicitly the power and feasibility of decoy method, and brings it to our real-life.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures. Submitted to IEEE ISIT 2006
Quantum influence of topological defects on a relativistic scalar particle with Cornell-type potential in cosmic string space-time with a spacelike dislocation
Creators: name: Ahmed, Faizuddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relativistic quantum of scalar particles in the cosmic string space-time with a screw dislocation (torsion) subject to a uniform magnetic field including the magnetic quantum flux in the presence of potential. We solve the Klein-Gordon equation with a Cornell-type scalar potential in the considered framework and obtain the energy eigenvalues and eigenfunctions and analyze a relativistic analogue of the Aharonov-Bohm effect for bound states
description: 28 pages, no figure, accepted for publication in Adv High Energy Physics, arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1707.03371, arXiv:1911.01891
The effects of spatial constraints on the evolution of weighted complex networks
Creators: name: Barrat, Alain
name: Barthelemy, Marc
name: Vespignani, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the empirical analysis of the air transportation system, we define a network model that includes geographical attributes along with topological and weight (traffic) properties. The introduction of geographical attributes is made by constraining the network in real space. Interestingly, the inclusion of geometrical features induces non-trivial correlations between the weights, the connectivity pattern and the actual spatial distances of vertices. The model also recovers the emergence of anomalous fluctuations in the betweenness-degree correlation function as first observed by Guimerà and Amaral [Eur. Phys. J. B {\bf 38}, 381 (2004)]. The presented results suggest that the interplay between weight dynamics and spatial constraints is a key ingredient in order to understand the formation of real-world weighted networks.
Geometric phase around exceptional points
Creators: name: Mailybaev, A. A.
name: Kirillov, O. N.
name: Seyranian, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A wave function picks up, in addition to the dynamic phase, the geometric (Berry) phase when traversing adiabatically a closed cycle in parameter space. We develop a general multidimensional theory of the geometric phase for (double) cycles around exceptional degeneracies in non-Hermitian Hamiltonians. We show that the geometric phase is exactly $π$ for symmetric complex Hamiltonians of arbitrary dimension and for nonsymmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians of dimension 2. For nonsymmetric non-Hermitian Hamiltonians of higher dimension, the geometric phase tends to $π$ for small cycles and changes as the cycle size and shape are varied. We find explicitly the leading asymptotic term of this dependence, and describe it in terms of interaction of different energy levels.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, with revisions in the introduction and conclusion
Angular momentum transport near convective-core boundaries of Gamma Doradus stars
Creators: name: Moyano, Facundo
name: Eggenberger, Patrick
name: Salmon, Sébastien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent asteroseismic studies have revealed that the convective core of $γ$ Doradus stars rotates faster than their radiative interior. We study the development of differential rotation near the convective core to test angular momentum transport processes that are typically adopted in stellar evolution models. Models that only include the advection of angular momentum by meridional circulation and shear instabilities cannot reproduce current rotational constraints, irrespective of the initial conditions. The latest formulation of internal magnetic fields based on the Tayler instability is indeed able to reproduce the internal rotation rate of post-main sequence stars, however, it appears too efficient during the main sequence and has thus been disfavoured. A less efficient version of the same transport process can simultaneously reproduce the rotation rate of the convective core, the rotation rate in radiative regions as probed by gravity-modes, and the surface rotational velocities of $γ$ Doradus stars. Our work suggests that there are additional physical processes apart from internal magnetic fields at work in the stellar interiors of post-main sequence stars.
description: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics. 5 pages, 7 figures
Lithium in field Am and normal A-F-type stars
Creators: name: North, P.
name: Betrix, F.
name: Besson, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Preliminary abundances of lithium and a few other elements have been obtained for 31 field Am stars with good Hipparcos parallaxes, as well as for 36 normal A and F stars. Radial and projected rotational velocities were determined as well. We examine the Li abundance as a function of the stellar parameters: for normal stars, it is clearly bimodal for Teff < 7500 K, while Am-Fm stars are all somewhat Li-deficient in this range. The most Li-deficient stars - either Am or normal - tend to be at least slightly evolved, but the reverse is not true.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, poster presented at the conference "Element stratification in stars, 40 years of atomic diffusion", eds. G. Alecian, O. Richard and S. Vauclair, EAS Publication Series, in press
U.S. Canadian Agricultural Trade Conflicts: Time for a New Paradigm
Creators: name: Young, Linda M.
name: Young, Linda M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Canadian cattle industry
subject: cattle and beef trade
subject: dispute resolution
subject: NAFTA
subject: trade remedy law
subject: U.S. cattle industry

description: Relations in cattle and beef trade between Canada and the United States have been tense in the past few years, despite the fact that few barriers to trade remain and that the markets are well integrated. The antidumping and countervailing duty suits brought by a group of U.S. ranchers against imports of Canadian live cattle are likely to be unproductive in facilitating the resolution of remaining issues between the industries. The Canadian and U.S. cattle and beef industries have numerous cooperative interests that provide a basis for a binational commodity group. Alternative methods of resolving trade disputes merit investigation.
Experimentally undoing an unknown single-qubit unitary
Creators: name: Feng, Qin
name: Feng, Tianfeng
name: Tian, Yuling
name: Luo, Maolin
name: Zhou, Xiaoqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Undoing a unitary operation, $i.e$. reversing its action, is the task of canceling the effects of a unitary evolution on a quantum system, and it may be easily achieved when the unitary is known. Given a unitary operation without any specific description, however, it is a hard and challenging task to realize the inverse operation. Recently, a universal quantum circuit has been proposed [Phys.Rev.Lett. 123, 210502 (2019)] to undo an arbitrary unknown $d$-dimensional unitary $U$ by implementing its inverse with a certain probability. In this letter, we report the experimental reversing of three single-qubit unitaries $(d = 2)$ by linear optical elements. The experimental results prove the feasibility of the reversing scheme, showing that the average fidelity of inverse unitaries is $F=0.9767\pm0.0048$, in close agreement with the theoretical prediction.
description: 5 pages, 3figures
Broadband laser cooling of trapped atoms with ultrafast pulses
Creators: name: Blinov, B. B.
name: Kohn, R. N.
name: Madsen, M. J.
name: Maunz, P.
name: Moehring, D. L.
name: Monroe, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate broadband laser cooling of atomic ions in an rf trap using ultrafast pulses from a modelocked laser. The temperature of a single ion is measured by observing the size of a time-averaged image of the ion in the known harmonic trap potential. While the lowest observed temperature was only about 1 K, this method efficiently cools very hot atoms and can sufficiently localize trapped atoms to produce near diffraction-limited atomic images.
Welfare Measurement and Quality Product Differentiation in Agriculture: An Example From the EU15 Beef Sector
Creators: name: Ramos, Maria Priscila
name: Drogue, Sophie
name: Marette, Stephan
name: Ramos, Maria Priscila
name: Drogue, Sophie
name: Marette, Stephan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: product differentiation
subject: beef demand
subject: European Union
subject: welfare

description: This paper examines the impact of two different model specifications on welfare estimations. A model specification that takes into account product differentiation is compared to a specification where the product differentiation is overlooked. The welfare comparison under both specifications show some biases of aggregation as well as ambiguous results: the welfare under one specification may be larger or lower than the welfare under the alternative assumption. In order to illustrate our theoretical conclusions, we present an application to the EU15 beef market. We show that the welfare when the product differentiation is taken into account is smaller than the welfare when the product differentiation is omitted.
Classical spin liquid or extended critical range in h-YMnO$_3$?
Creators: name: Janas, Sofie
name: Lass, Jakob
name: Tutueanu, Ana-Elena
name: Haubro, Morten L.
name: Niedermayer, Christof
name: Stuhr, Uwe
name: Xu, Guangyong
name: Prabhakaran, Dharmalingam
name: Deen, Pascale P.
name: Holm-Dahlin, Sonja
name: Lefmann, Kim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic neutron experiments on the classical triangular-lattice geometrically frustrated antiferromagnet h-YMnO$_3$ reveal diffuse, gapless magnetic excitations present both below and far above the ordering temperature, $T_N$. The correlation length of the excitations increases as the temperature approaches zero, bearing strong resemblance to critical scattering. We model the scattering as critical spin-spin correlations in a two-dimensional magnetic ground state, and we speculate that this may provide a general framework to understand features typically attributed to classical spin liquids.
Electron-positron pair production in the electrosphere of quark stars
Creators: name: Harko, T.
name: Cheng, K. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study Schwinger pair creation of charged particles due to the inhomogeneous electric field created by the thin electron layer at the surface of quark stars (the electrosphere). As suggested earlier, due to the low photon emissivity of the quark-gluon plasma and of the electrosphere, electron-positron pair emission could be the main observational signature of quark stars. To obtain the electron-positron pair creation rate we use the tunnelling approach. Explicit expressions for the fermion creation rate per unit time per unit volume are derived, which generalize the classical Schwinger result. The finite size effects in pair production, due to the presence of a boundary (the surface of the quark star), are also considered in the framework of a simple approach. It is shown that the boundary effects induce large quantitative and qualitative deviations of the particle production rate from what one deduces with the Schwinger formula and its generalization for the electric field of the electrosphere. The electron-positron pair emissivity and flux of the electrosphere of quark stars due to pair creation is considered, and the magnitude of the boundary effects for this parameters is estimated. Due to the inhomogeneity of the electric field distribution in the electrosphere and of the presence of the boundary effects, at high temperatures ($T\geq T_{cr}\approx 0.1 $ MeV) we find a lower electron-positron flux as previously estimated. The numerical value of the critical temperature $T_{cr}$ depends on the surface potential of the star. We briefly consider the effect of the magnetic field on the pair creation process and show that the magnetic field can enhance drastically the pair creation rate.
description: 34 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
On the dynamics of a collapsing bubble in contact with a rigid wall
Creators: name: Saini, M
name: Tanne, E
name: Arrigoni, M
name: Zaleski, S
name: Fuster, D
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work reveals that the dynamic response of a spherical cap bubble in contact with a rigid wall depends on the effective contact angle at the instant prior to collapse. This parameter allows us to discriminate between two regimes in which the mechanisms of interaction between the collapsing bubble and its surrounding medium differ significantly: When the contact angle is smaller than 90 degrees a classical jet directed towards the wall is observed whereas if the initial contact angle is larger than 90 degrees an annular re-entrant jet parallel to the wall appears. We show that this change of the behaviour can be explained using the impulse potential flow theory for small times which shows the presence of a singularity on the initial acceleration of the contact line when the contact angle is larger then 90 degrees. Direct Numerical Simulations show that although viscosity regularises the solution at $t > 0$, the solution remains singular at $t=0$. In these circumstances numerical and experimental results show that the collapse of flat bubbles can eventually lead to the formation of a vortex ring that unexpectedly induces long-range effects. The role of the bubble geometry at the instant of maximum expansion on the overall collapse process is shown to be well captured by the impulse potential flow theory, which can be easily generalised to other bubble shapes. These results may find direct application in the interpretation of geophysical flows as well as the control and design of bio-medical, naval, manufacturing and sonochemistry applications.
Twist-two matrix elements at finite and infinite volume
Creators: name: Detmold, William
name: Lin, C. -J. David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present one-loop results for the forward twist-two matrix elements relevant to the unpolarised, helicity and transversity baryon structure functions, in partially-quenched (N_f=2 and N_f=2+1) heavy baryon chiral perturbation theory. The full-QCD limit can be straightforwardly obtained from these results and we also consider SU(2|2) quenched QCD. Our calculations are performed in finite volume as well as in infinite volume. We discuss features of lattice simulations and investigate finite volume effects in detail. We find that volume effects are not negligible, typically around 5--10% in current partially-quenched and full QCD calculations, and are possibly larger in quenched QCD. Extensions to the off-forward matrix elements and potential difficulties that occur there are also discussed.
description: 35 pages, 7 figures, typos corrected
All-Linear Multistate Magnetic Switching Induced by Electrical Current
Creators: name: Yang, Meiyin
name: Li, Yanru
name: Luo, Jun
name: Deng, Yongcheng
name: Zhang, Nan
name: Cui, Yan
name: Yu, Peiyue
name: Yang, Tengzhi
name: Sheng, Yu
name: Wang, Sumei
name: Xu, Jing
name: Zhao, Chao
name: Wang, Kaiyou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an alternative mechanism to control the domain wall motion, whose directions are manipulated by the amplitude of electrical currents when modulating the ratio of D/A (constants of Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction over exchange interaction). To confirm this mechanism, we observe this type of domain wall motion and demonstrate linear magnetic switching without hysteresis effect via adjusting the D/A of Ta/Pt/Co/Ta multilayer device with ion implantations. We further find field-free biased and chirally controllable multistate switching at the lateral interface of ion exposed and unexposed area, which is due to the current induced Neel wall motion and a strong exchange coupling at this interface.
Let Your CyberAlter Ego Share Information and Manage Spam
Creators: name: Kong, Joseph S.
name: Boykin, P. Oscar
name: Rezaei, Behnam A.
name: Sarshar, Nima
name: Roychowdhury, Vwani P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Almost all of us have multiple cyberspace identities, and these {\em cyber}alter egos are networked together to form a vast cyberspace social network. This network is distinct from the world-wide-web (WWW), which is being queried and mined to the tune of billions of dollars everyday, and until recently, has gone largely unexplored. Empirically, the cyberspace social networks have been found to possess many of the same complex features that characterize its real counterparts, including scale-free degree distributions, low diameter, and extensive connectivity. We show that these topological features make the latent networks particularly suitable for explorations and management via local-only messaging protocols. {\em Cyber}alter egos can communicate via their direct links (i.e., using only their own address books) and set up a highly decentralized and scalable message passing network that can allow large-scale sharing of information and data. As one particular example of such collaborative systems, we provide a design of a spam filtering system, and our large-scale simulations show that the system achieves a spam detection rate close to 100%, while the false positive rate is kept around zero. This system has several advantages over other recent proposals (i) It uses an already existing network, created by the same social dynamics that govern our daily lives, and no dedicated peer-to-peer (P2P) systems or centralized server-based systems need be constructed; (ii) It utilizes a percolation search algorithm that makes the query-generated traffic scalable; (iii) The network has a built in trust system (just as in social networks) that can be used to thwart malicious attacks; iv) It can be implemented right now as a plugin to popular email programs, such as MS Outlook, Eudora, and Sendmail.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
High-Grading in a Quota-Regulated Fishery, with Empirical Evidence from the Icelandic Cod Fishery
Creators: name: Kristofersson, Dadi
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
name: Kristofersson, Dadi
name: Rickertsen, Kyrre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ITQ's
subject: highgrading
subject: empirical estimation

description: Fishers in quota-regulated fisheries find it to their advantage to discard less valuable fish at sea to increase the value of their catch. A theoretical model describing the high-grading behavior of fishers is presented, and an empirical model is derived as well as a testing strategy to test for high-grading and to estimate the discarded amount of each grade. The model is applied to data for the Icelandic quota regulated cod fishery during the period September 1998 to June 2001. The results indicate that highgrading occurs in the Icelandic cod fishery for both long-line and net vessels. However, the discard rates are small, and the results clearly suggest that the ban on discards in Iceland has effectively dealt with high-grading. The estimated discard rates are consistent with existing estimates of high-grading for the same types of vessel in the same fishery. This suggests that the modeling of discarding decisions based purely on incentives is a useful alternative to classical biometric methods.
Optical Determination of the Band Gap and Band Tail of Epitaxial Ag$_2$ZnSnSe$_4$ at Low Temperature
Creators: name: Perret, S.
name: Curé, Y.
name: Grenet, L.
name: André, R.
name: Mariette, H.
name: Bleuse, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the precise determination of both the band gap E$_\text{g}$, and the characteristic energy $U$ of the band tail of localized defect states, for monocrystalline Ag$_2$ZnSnSe$_4$. Both photoluminescence excitation and time-resolved photoluminescence studies lead to E$_\text{g} = 1223\pm3$ meV, and $U = 20\pm3$ meV, at 6 K. The interest of the methodology developed here is to account quantitatively for the time-resolved photoluminescence and photoluminescence excitation spectra by only considering standard textbook density of states, and state filling effects. Such an approach is different from the one most often used to evaluate the energy extent of the localized states, namely by measuring the energy shift between the photoluminescence emission and the excitation one -- the so-called Stokes shift. The advantage of the present method is that no arbitrary choice of the low power excitation has to be done to select the photoluminescence emission spectrum and its peak energy.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. Supplemental GIF file is the animated view over a large subset of the TRPL data (article ref. 29)
Implications of using Likert data in multiple regression analysis
Creators: name: Owuor, Charles Ochieng
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Many of the measures obtained in educational research are Likert-type responses on questionnaires. These Likert-type variables are sometimes used in ordinary least-squares regression analysis. However, among the key implications of the assumptions of regression is that the criterion is continuous. Little research has been done to examine how much information is lost and how inappropriate it is to use Likert variables in ordinary least-squares multiple regression. Therefore, this study examined the effect of Likert-type responses in the criterion variable and predictors for various scale points, on the accuracy of regression models using normal and skewed observed response patterns. This was done for the case of three predictors and one criterion. Similarly, eight levels of Likert-type categorization ranging from two to nine scale points were considered for both predictors and criterion variables. It was found that the largest bias in the estimation of the model R-squared, the relative Pratt Index, and Pearson correlation coefficient occurred for two or three-point Likert scales. The bias did not substantially reduce any further beyond the four-point Likert scale. Type of correlation matrix had no effect on the model fit. However, skewed response distribution resulted in large biases in both R² and Pearson correlation, but not in Relative Pratt index, which was not affected by the response distribution. Practical contribution and significance of the study is that it has provided information and insight on how much information is lost due to bias, and the extent to which accuracy is compromised in using Likert data in linear regression models in education and social science research. It is recommended that researchers and practitioners should recognize the extent of the bias in ordinary least-squares regression models with Likert data, resulting in substantial loss of information. For variable importance, the relative Pratt index should be used given that it is robust to Likert conditions and response distributions. Finally, when interpreting reported regression results in the research literature one should recognize that the reported R-squared values are underestimated and that the Pearson correlations are also typically underestimated and sometimes substantially underestimated.
Dynamics of a Tonks-Girardeau gas released from a hard-wall trap
Creators: name: del Campo, A.
name: Muga, J. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the expansion dynamics of a Tonks-Girardeau gas released from a hard wall trap. Using the Fermi-Bose map, the density profile is found analytically and shown to differ from that one of a classical gas in the microcanonical ensemble even at macroscopic level, for any observation time larger than a critical time. The relevant time scale arises as a consequence of fermionization.
description: 4 pages, 6 figures
M31N 2013-10c: A Newly Identified Recurrent Nova in M31
Creators: name: Shafter, Allen W.
name: Hornoch, Kamil
name: Kučáková, Hana
name: Fatka, Petr
name: Zhao, Jingyuan
name: Gao, Xing
name: Yaqup, Shahidin
name: Zhong, Tuhong
name: Esamdin, Ali
name: Bai, Chunhai
name: Wang, Na
name: Benni, Paul
name: Luo, Aiden
name: Yousuf, Ilana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nova M31N 2023-11f (2023yoa) has been recently identified as the second eruption of a previously recognized nova, M31N 2013-10c, establishing the latter object as the 21st recurrent nova system thus far identified in M31. Here we present well sampled $R$-band lightcurves of both the 2013 and 2023 eruptions of this system. The photometric evolution of each eruption was quite similar as expected for the same progenitor system. The 2013 and 2023 eruptions each reached peak magnitudes just brighter than $R\sim16$, with fits to the declining branches of the eruptions yielding times to decline by two magnitudes of $t_2(R)=5.5\pm1.7$ and $t_2(R)=3.4\pm1.5$ days, respectively. M31N 2013-10c has an absolute magnitude at peak, $M_R=-8.8\pm0.2$, making it the most luminous known recurrent nova in M31.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure, 1 table; Accepted for publication in RNAAS
Membranes for Topological M-Theory
Creators: name: Bao, Ling
name: Bengtsson, Viktor
name: Cederwall, Martin
name: Nilsson, Bengt E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We formulate a theory of topological membranes on manifolds with G_2 holonomy. The BRST charges of the theories are the superspace Killing vectors (the generators of global supersymmetry) on the background with reduced holonomy G_2. In the absence of spinning formulations of supermembranes, the starting point is an N=2 target space supersymmetric membrane in seven euclidean dimensions. The reduction of the holonomy group implies a twisting of the rotations in the tangent bundle of the branes with ``R-symmetry'' rotations in the normal bundle, in contrast to the ordinary spinning formulation of topological strings, where twisting is performed with internal U(1) currents of the N=(2,2) superconformal algebra. The double dimensional reduction on a circle of the topological membrane gives the strings of the topological A-model (a by-product of this reduction is a Green-Schwarz formulation of topological strings). We conclude that the action is BRST-exact modulo topological terms and fermionic equations of motion. We discuss the role of topological membranes in topological M-theory and the relation of our work to recent work by Hitchin and by Dijkgraaf et al.
description: 22 pp, plain tex. v2: refs. added
Zeros of Complex Random Polynomials Spanned by Bergman Polynomials
Creators: name: Landi, Marianela
name: Johnson, Kayla
name: Moseley, Garrett
name: Yeager, Aaron
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C15, 30C40, 30E15 (Primary) 60B99 (Secondary)

description: We study the expected number of zeros of $$P_n(z)=\sum_{k=0}^nη_kp_k(z),$$ where $\{η_k\}$ are complex-valued i.i.d standard Gaussian random variables, and $\{p_k(z)\}$ are polynomials orthogonal on the unit disk. When $p_k(z)=\sqrt{(k+1)/π} z^k$, $k\in \{0,1,\dots, n\}$, we give an explicit formula for the expected number of zeros of $P_n(z)$ in a disk of radius $r\in (0,1)$ centered at the origin. From our formula we establish the limiting value of the expected number of zeros, the expected number of zeros in a radially expanding disk, and show that the expected number of zeros in the unit disk is $2n/3$. Generalizing our basis functions $\{p_k(z)\}$ to be regular in the sense of Ullman--Stahl--Totik, and that the measure of orthogonality associated to polynomials is absolutely continuous with respect to planar Lebesgue measure, we give the limiting value of the expected number of zeros of $P_n(z)$ in a disk of radius $r\in (0,1)$ centered at the origin, and show that asymptotically the expected number of zeros in the unit disk is $2n/3$.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
General Dynamics of Topology and Traffic on Weighted Technological Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Wen-Xu
name: Hu, Bo
name: Yan, Gang
name: Ou, Qing
name: Wang, Bing-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For most technical networks, the interplay of dynamics, traffic and topology is assumed crucial to their evolution. In this paper, we propose a traffic-driven evolution model of weighted technological networks. By introducing a general strength-coupling mechanism under which the traffic and topology mutually interact, the model gives power-law distributions of degree, weight and strength, as confirmed in many real networks. Particularly, depending on a parameter W that controls the total weight growth of the system, the nontrivial clustering coefficient C, degree assortativity coefficient r and degree-strength correlation are all in consistence with empirical evidences.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Making Informed Decisions: Supporting Cobot Integration Considering Business and Worker Preferences
Creators: name: Sullivan, Dakota
name: White, Nathan Thomas
name: Schoen, Andrew
name: Mutlu, Bilge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Robots are ubiquitous in small-to-large-scale manufacturers. While collaborative robots (cobots) have significant potential in these settings due to their flexibility and ease of use, proper integration is critical to realize their full potential. Specifically, cobots need to be integrated in ways that utilize their strengths, improve manufacturing performance, and facilitate use in concert with human workers. Effective integration requires careful consideration and the knowledge of roboticists, manufacturing engineers, and business administrators. We propose an approach involving the stages of planning, analysis, development, and presentation, to inform manufacturers about cobot integration within their facilities prior to the integration process. We contextualize our approach in a case study with an SME collaborator and discuss insights learned.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. To be published in Proceedings of the 2024 ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI '24)
Space-time structure of new physics with polarized beams at the linear collider
Creators: name: Ananthanarayan, B.
name: Rindani, Saurabh D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We approach the issue of the discovery of new physics at high energies associated with the proposed International Linear Collider in the presence of longitudinal as well as transverse electron and positron beam polarization. We determine the beam polarization dependence and the angular distribution of a particle of arbitrary spin in a one-particle inclusive final state produced in e+ e- collisions through the interference of gamma or Z amplitude with the amplitude from new interactions having arbitrary space-time structure. We thus extend the results of Dass and Ross proposed at the time of the discovery of neutral currents, to beyond the standard model currents. We also extend the case of e+ e- annihilation in the s-channel to the production of bosons due to t- and u-channel processes. Our work provides an approach to model-independent determination of the space-time structure of beyond the standard model interactions. We briefly discuss applications of the framework to popular extensions of the standard model, and demonstrate that our framework is general enough to account for certain results in the minimal supersymmetric standard model.
description: 16 pages, latex
Stimulating Organic Farming Via Public Services and an Auction-Based Subsidy
Creators: name: Feinerman, Eli
name: Gardebroek, Cornelis
name: Feinerman, Eli
name: Gardebroek, Cornelis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: auctions
subject: organic farming
subject: policy mix

description: In order to stimulate organic farming governments generally use a mix of temporary hectare payments and provision of public services for stimulating the development of the organic sector. In this paper a conceptual model is developed for determining a socially optimal hectare payment for any given level of public services. Farm heterogeneity, due to the variability of soil quality and management skills, is explicitly taken into account. Using an n-th price auction mechanism farmers indicate what their reservation subsidy is for a given level of public input provision. The outcome of this problem is utilized in the government's optimization problem. We found that the level of per hectare socially optimal subsidy increases significantly with the elasticity of the social welfare function and decreases significantly with the degree of farmers' heterogeneity in suitability of growing organic crops (OC) as well as with the level of complementary governmental services. The total area planted for OC is also quite sensitive to these parameters. The effects of the deadweight loss parameter and the degree of risk aversion on per hectare subsidy and on total organic acreage are relatively small.
Vortices, Infrared effects and Lorentz Invariance Violation
Creators: name: Falomir, H.
name: Gamboa, J.
name: Lopez-Sarrion, J.
name: Mendez, F.
name: da Silva, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Yang-Mills theory with noncommutative fields is constructed following Hamiltonian and lagrangean methods. This modification of the standard Yang-Mills theory shed light on the confinement mechanism viewed as a Lorentz invariance violation (LIV) effect. The modified Yang-Mills theory contain in addition to the standard contribution, the term $θ^με_{μνρλ} (A^νF^{ρλ} + {2/3} A_νA_ρA_λ)$ where $θ_μ$ is a given space-like constant vector with canonical dimension of energy. The $A_μ$ field rescaling and the choice $θ_μ=(0,0,0,θ)$, one can show that the modified Yang-Mills theory in 3+1 dimensions can be made equivalent to a Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in 2+1 dimensions if one consider only heavy fermionic excitations. Thus, the Yang-Mills-Chern-Simons theory in 2+1 dimensions is a codified way of ${QCD}$ that include only heavy quarks. The classical solutions of the modified Yang-Mills theory for the SU(2) gauge group are confining ones.
description: Title changed and comments added. To appear in PLB
Strongly correlated states of light in chiral chains of three-level quantum emitters
Creators: name: Iversen, Ole Aae
name: Pohl, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the correlated transport of photons through a chain of three-level emitters that are coupled chirally to a photonic mode of a waveguide. It is found that this system can transfer a classical input into a strongly correlated state of light in a unitary manner, i.e. without the necessity of nonlinear photon losses. In particular, we shows that the collective interaction with the emitter ensemble leads to the emergence of highly antibunched light with long-range correlations upon crossing a critical length of the chain. By operating close to conditions of electromagnetically induced transparency of the three-level medium, the high degree of antibunching and photon transmission can be maintained in the presence of moderate losses. These features, combined with the robustness against number fluctuations, suggest a promising mechanism for single-photon generation and may open the door to exploring correlated quantum many-body states of light.
Children's health in the digital age
Creators: name: Dresp-Langley, Birgitta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Environmental studies, metabolic research, and state of the art in neurobiology point towards the reduced amount of natural day and sunlight exposure of the developing childs organism, as a consequence of increasingly long hours spent indoors online, as the single unifying source of a whole set of health risks identified worldwide, as is made clear in this review of the current literature. Over exposure to digital environments, from abuse to addiction, now concerns even the youngest (ages zero to 2), and triggers, as argued on the basis of clear examples herein, a chain of interdependent negative and potentially long-term metabolic changes. This leads to a deregulation of the serotonin and dopamine neurotransmitter pathways in the developing brain, currently associated with online activity abuse or internet addiction, and akin to that found in severe substance abuse syndromes. A general functional working model is proposed under the light of evidence brought to the forefront in this review.
Reverse Projection: Real-Time Local Space Texture Mapping
Creators: name: Lim, Adrian Xuan Wei
name: Ng, Lynnette Hui Xian
name: Griffin, Conor
name: Kyger, Nicholas
name: Baghernezhad, Faraz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present Reverse Projection, a novel projective texture mapping technique for painting a decal directly to the texture of a 3D object. Designed to be used in games, this technique works in real-time. By using projection techniques that are computed in local space textures and outward-looking, users using low-end android devices to high-end gaming desktops are able to enjoy the personalization of their assets. We believe our proposed pipeline is a step in improving the speed and versatility of model painting.
description: SIGGRAPH 2023
ARGOS - Modelling the Economic, Environmental, and Social Implications for New Zealand from Different Scenarios Relating to the Demand and Supply of Organic Products
Creators: name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Emanuelsson, Martin
name: Saunders, Caroline M.
name: Emanuelsson, Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: sustainability
subject: New Zealand
subject: organic markets
subject: ARGOS

description: This paper reports on some of the initial findings of the ARGOS (Agricultural Research Group on (Sustainability) programme, a 6 year quasi-experimental research project with the aim to model the economic, environmental, and social differences between organic, environmentally friendly and conventional systems of production. In the first section the paper reviews the development of organic markets, details the production costs and reports some preliminary results from ARGOS. The information is then used to develop potential future scenarios relating to the organic sector, which are assessed using the Lincoln Trade and Environment Model (LTEM), a partial equilibrium trade model that differentiates between organic and conventional production methods. This paper concentrates upon the difference between organic and conventional production, consumption and trade.