cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Resonant light scattering by optical solitons
Creators: name: Flach, S.
name: Fleurov, V.
name: Gorbach, A. V.
name: Miroshnichenko, A. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the process of light scattering by optical solitons in a planar waveguide with homogeneous and inhomogeneous refractive index core. We observe resonant reflection (Fano resonances) as well as resonant transmission of light by optical solitons. All resonant effects can be controlled in experiment by changing the soliton intensity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Revised version: published in PRL
G_2 Domain Walls in M-theory
Creators: name: House, Thomas
name: Lukas, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: M-theory is considered in its low-energy limit on a G_2 manifold with non-vanishing flux. Using the Killing spinor equations for linear flux, an explicit set of first-order bosonic equations for supersymmetric solutions is found. These solutions describe a warped product of a domain wall in four-dimensional space-time and a deformed G_2 manifold. It is shown how these domain walls arise from the perspective of the associated four-dimensional N=1 effective supergravity theories. We also discuss the inclusion of membrane and M5-brane sources.
description: 30 pages, Latex
Generating primordial fluctuations from modified teleparallel gravity with local Lorentz-symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Espinoza, Manuel
name: Otalora, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of modified teleparallel gravity, we study the generation of primordial density fluctuations in a general scalar-torsion theory whose Lagrangian density is an arbitrary function $f(T,ϕ)$ of the torsion scalar $T$ and a scalar field $ϕ$, plus the kinetic term of this latter. It is well known that generic modifications of teleparallel gravity are not invariant under six-parameter local Lorentz transformations. In order to restore the local Lorentz symmetry, we have incorporated six additional degrees of freedom in the form of Goldstone modes of the symmetry breaking through a Lorentz rotation of the tetrad field. After integrating out all the auxiliary modes, we obtain a second order action for the scalar and tensor propagating modes and their power spectrum generated during inflation. It is found that an explicit mass term emerges in the second order action for curvature perturbation, describing the imprints of local Lorentz violation at first-order of slow-roll. We show that only inflationary models with nonminimal coupling functions $f(T,ϕ)$ which are non-linear in $T$, including the case of $f(T)$ gravity with minimally coupled scalar field, can generate primordial fluctuations. For a concrete model of inflation, we study the power-law potential by using the latest Planck data.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in PLB
Policy incentives as behavioural drivers of beef enterprises in Ireland: where are the kinks?
Creators: name: McCormack, Michele Ann
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
name: McCormack, Michele Ann
name: O'Donoghue, Cathal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Direct Payments
subject: Incentives
subject: Subsidy
subject: CAP

description: The current structure of agricultural production is still influenced by historical coupled payments, even though it has been eight years since decoupled payments were introduced. Much of the expansion in the Irish cattle herd that occurred during the era of the MacSharry reforms is still visible. In this paper we consider the incentives associated with the Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) over time in relation to production. Our primary focus is on subsidies that were available to the beef sector, and we investigate the behavioural pressures associated with these incentives. We have developed a Hypothetical microsimulation model using a typical farm, based on plausible values taken from the Teagasc National Farm Survey (NFS) 1995. We are investigating if subsidies available to the beef sector in Ireland through the CAP since 1984 resulted in non-linearity in the Direct Payment Schedule faced by cattle farmers, and if so where were these kinks and what were the behavioural pressures associated with these incentives? Identifying non-linearity in the Direct Payment Schedule indicates where incentives occurred. Large kinks are associated with large incentives at that point. We calculated a total payment for each subsidy from 1984 to 2014, and constructed a Direct Payment Schedule that varies by stocking rate. We find that subsidies, and in particular the CAP reform payments of the MacSharry era introduced large discontinuities or kink points in the Direct Payment Schedule of beef farmers, indicating that there were large incentives for farmers to produce at or just before these points.
Additional file 10 of Single-cell RNA-seq with spike-in cells enables accurate quantification of cell-specific drug effects in pancreatic islets
Creators: name: Marquina-Sanchez, Brenda
name: Fortelny, Nikolaus
name: Farlik, Matthias
name: Andhira Vieira
name: Collombat, Patrick
name: Bock, Christoph
name: Kubicek, Stefan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 10. Review history.
Incidence, costs, and compensation of work-related injuries among sawmill workers in British Columbia
Creators: name: Alamgir, Abul Hasanat Mohammad
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Objectives: The primary objective of this study were to investigate the use of hospital discharge records as a tool for work-related serious injury surveillance, including analyses to compare injury reporting patterns using hospital records versus workers’ compensation records and the use of hospital records to investigate the epidemiology and the economic burden of serious work related injuries. Methods: The study population was working members of the sawmill industry in the Canadian province of British Columbia between 1989-1998. Hospital discharge records and workers’ compensation claims for a cohort of 5,876 actively employed workers were obtained. Hospitalization records were identified as work-related using ICD-9 external cause of injury codes (E-codes) that indicate place of occurrence, and the responsibility of payment schedule, which identifies workers’ compensation as being responsible for payment. Hospital records were linked and matched to compensation claims by injury diagnosis and available date variables. Claim cost information was collected from the provincial compensation agency. Results: Both the E-code and the payment schedule code available in hospital discharge records were useful in capturing work-related injuries requiring hospitalization. The study findings indicate that the compensation agency underreports serious and acute injuries by about 10%. This study documented that several vulnerable groups of workers, like, non-white people, and specific injury categories, like, overexertion and falls were related with greater under-reporting. For the cost analyses, the median non-health care costs were $16,559 and healthcare costs were $4,377 per sawmill injury (in 1995 Canadian dollars). By median costs, the category of fire, flame, natural & environmental was the most costly cause of injury category. About 9% of the total costs ($12 million) of hospitalized injuries were not compensated by the workers’ compensation system. Conclusions: Hospital data represent an alternative source of information for serious work-related injuries. Knowing the injuries and costs that remain unreported and/or uncompensated will be helpful to employers, compensation officials, unions, policy makers and other stakeholders to identify vulnerable worker groups and work processes, and subsequently target preventive measures within an industry.
Coherent Beam-Beam Tune Shift of Unsymmetrical Beam-Beam Interactions with Large Beam-Beam Parameter
Creators: name: Jin, Lihui
name: Shi, Jicong
name: Hoffstaetter, Georg H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent beam-beam tune shift of unsymmetrical beam-beam interactions was studied experimentally and numerically in HERA where the lepton beam has a very large beam-beam parameter (up to $ξ_y=0.272$). Unlike the symmetrical case of beam-beam interactions, the ratio of the coherent and incoherent beam-beam tune shift in this unsymmetrical case of beam-beam interactions was found to decrease monotonically with increase of the beam-beam parameter. The results of self-consistent beam-beam simulation, the linearized Vlasov equation, and the rigid-beam model were compared with the experimental measurement. It was found that the coherent beam-beam tune shifts measured in the experiment and calculated in the simulation agree remarkably well but they are much smaller than those calculated by the linearized Vlasov equation with the single-mode approximation or the rigid-beam model. The study indicated that the single-mode approximation in the linearization of Vlasov equation is not valid in the case of unsymmetrical beam-beam interactions. The rigid-beam model is valid only with a small beam-beam parameter in the case of unsymmetrical beam-beam interactions.
description: 32 pages, 13 figures
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA.
Creators: name: Oltinov, Sardor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Bronchial asthma is a non-infectious chronic disease of the respiratory tract. Knowing its pathophysiology helps a lot. It helps to avoid sudden attacks. Bronchospasm (narrowing of the bronchial space) due to specific immunological (sensitization and allergy) or non-specific mechanisms, characterized by recurrent wheezing, shortness of breath, asthma attacks, chest tightness and manifested by cough.
Crop Diversification and Child Health: Empirical Evidence From Tanzania
Creators: name: Lovo, Stefania
name: Veronesi, Marcella
name: Lovo, Stefania
name: Veronesi, Marcella
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: crop diversification
subject: food security
subject: health
subject: nutrition
subject: development

description: Malnutrition is a major issue in developing countries with long-term implications for economic development. Agricultural diversification has been recognized as a strategy to improve nutrition and human health, and a risk coping strategy in the face of climate change. We use the 2008-2010 Tanzania National Panel Survey, which includes about 3,700 children, to investigate the effect of crop diversification on child health. We use an instrumental variable approach and estimate the effect of crop diversification on child growth by controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. We show that crop diversification has a positive and significant impact on long-term child nutritional status.
QTIP: Quick simulation-based adaptation of Traffic model per Incident Parameters
Creators: name: Peled, Inon
name: Kamalakar, Raghuveer
name: Azevedo, Carlos Lima
name: Pereira, Francisco C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Current data-driven traffic prediction models are usually trained with large datasets, e.g. several months of speeds and flows. Such models provide very good fit for ordinary road conditions, but often fail just when they are most needed: when traffic suffers a sudden and significant disruption, such as a road incident. In this work, we describe QTIP: a simulation-based framework for quasi-instantaneous adaptation of prediction models upon traffic disruption. In a nutshell, QTIP performs real-time simulations of the affected road for multiple scenarios, analyzes the results, and suggests a change to an ordinary prediction model accordingly. QTIP constructs the simulated scenarios per properties of the incident, as conveyed by immediate distress signals from affected vehicles. Such real-time signals are provided by In-Vehicle Monitor Systems, which are becoming increasingly prevalent world-wide. We experiment QTIP in a case study of a Danish motorway, and the results show that QTIP can improve traffic prediction in the first critical minutes of road incidents.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, 4 tables
Observing Left-Right Symmetry in the Cosmic Microwave Background
Creators: name: Borah, Debasish
name: Dasgupta, Arnab
name: Majumdar, Chayan
name: Nanda, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the possibility of probing left-right symmetric model (LRSM) via cosmic microwave background (CMB). We adopt the minimal LRSM with Higgs doublets, also known as the doublet left-right model (DLRM), where all fermions including the neutrinos acquire masses only via their couplings to the Higgs bidoublet. Due to the Dirac nature of light neutrinos, there exist additional relativistic degrees of freedom which can thermalise in the early universe by virtue of their gauge interactions corresponding to the right sector. We constrain the model from Planck 2018 bound on the effective relativistic degrees of freedom and also estimate the prospects for planned CMB Stage IV experiments to constrain the model further. We find that $W_R$ boson mass below 4.06 TeV can be ruled out from Planck 2018 bound at $2σ$ CL in the exact left-right symmetric limit which is equally competitive as the LHC bounds from dijet resonance searches. On the other hand Planck 2018 bound at $1σ$ CL can rule out a much larger parameter space out of reach of present direct search experiments, even in the presence of additional relativistic degrees of freedom around the TeV corner. We also study the consequence of these constraints on dark matter in DLRM by considering a right handed real fermion quintuplet to be the dominant dark matter component in the universe.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, matches version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
4936: Army Character Reference for Gunner James Musson
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
4939: On War Service Badges
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
10 years of EU membership: winners and losers in the agri-food sector of the new member states
Creators: name: Jambor, Attila
name: Sirone Varadi, Julia
name: Jambor, Attila
name: Sirone Varadi, Julia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: 10 years
subject: New Member States
subject: agri-food
subject: winners
subject: losers

description: 10 years have passed since the 2004 accession round to the European Union. The tenth anniversary provides a good opportunity for stocktaking and assessing the developments of the New Member States in light of the latest data available. The aim of this paper is identify the winners and losers of accession in the agri-food sector of the New Member States by ranking individual country performances. Results suggest Poland, Estonia and Lithuania to be winners of EU accession regarding agricultural, agri-environmental and rural performance, while Slovakia, Latvia and Hungary appear to be the losers in this regard.
title: Raumregal - Regalräume : Bibliothek in Leoben, an der Mur
Creators: name: Radelmacher, Theresa
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015

description: Thema dieser Arbeit ist eine Bibliothek in der Steiermark, in der Stadt Leoben. Diese Stadt ist seit jeher stark von der Eisen- und Stahlindustrie geprägt und Sitz der Montanuniversität. Seit einiger Zeit ist Leoben von zunehmender Abwan-derung betroffen. Durch diese Bibliothek soll der Stadt ein neues Konzept für ein Gebäude gegeben werden, welches ihre urbanen Qualitäten aufwertet. Das Projekt soll keine Bibliothek mit Archivfunktion sein, sondern ein Ort für die Menschen, mit weiteren Funktionen wie Räumen für Lesungen oder Gastronomie. Das Gebäude selbst soll die Stadt aufwerten, positiv verändern und Teil der unmittelbaren Umgebung werden. Dies bedeutet, dass auch ein dazugehöriger öffentlicher Freiraum mitgestaltet wird, der verschiedene Situationen für Treffpunkte, Räume zum Lesen und Kommunikationsflächen bietet. So wird der urbane Charakter der Stadt gestärkt um Leoben als Lebensraum attraktiver zu machen. Dieses Projekt richtet sich an unterschiedliche Zielgruppen verschiedenen Alters und Herkunft. So kann es z.B. für die Studierenden der Montanuniver-sität ein Bereich zum Lernen oder der Pausengestaltung sein. Für andere ein Ort zum Lesen oder ein Treffpunkt für die Freizeitgestaltung.
description: The subject of this project is a library in Leoben, which is a city in Styria. This area is strongly influenced by the iron and steel industry through all its history and is also habitat of the Montanistic University. For the last years, many people emigrated from that city. This project should show a concept to upgrade the urban qualities through a building. It should not be an archive, the library should rather be a place for people. More functions like rooms for lectures or cafés should support this conception. In addition the project should be more than a building. It merges with the environment through landscape design. This means that there has to be a public space surrounding the building with diverse areas for meeting places, reading zones and communication areas. This project has qualities for every age and social origin. For students of the Montanistic University it can be a place for studying and for making breaks. All people can use it for reading or as a meetingpoint.
Constraints on the ionization sources of the high redshift intergalactic medium
Creators: name: Meiksin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constraints on the ionization structure of the Intergalactic Medium are derived as directly imposed by observations in conjunction with the results of numerical simulations for structure formation. Under the assumption that the population of sources dominating the UV ionizing background at z<6 is the same population which reionized the IGM, it is shown that consistency with measurements of the mean LyA transmitted flux at high redshifts requires the epoch of hydrogen reionization of the IGM to have occurred at a redshift z < 11, independent of the space density of the sources. The upper limit on the reionization redshift depends only on the shape of the UV spectra of the sources. Consistency with constraints on the reionization epoch from WMAP requires the sources of photoionization to have had hard spectra, such as QSOs or Population III stars. The only way to escape these conclusions is either: 1.the sources which dominate the photoionization background at z<6 are the remnants of a population that was a much more prodigious source of ionizing photons at earlier times, or 2.the sources responsible for the photoionization of the IGM are an unknown population that contributes negligibly to the ionization of the IGM at z<6. The contribution of QSOs to the UV background is also estimated based on recent surveys.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Market valuation of health claims’ types and strength: the Italian yogurt market
Creators: name: Bimbo, Francesco
name: Bonanno, Alessandro
name: Viscecchia, Rosaria
name: Nardone, Gianluca
name: Bimbo, Francesco
name: Bonanno, Alessandro
name: Viscecchia, Rosaria
name: Nardone, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: health claims
subject: yogurt
subject: hedonic price

description: While consumer’s demand for foods delivering health benefits, or functional foods, increases, Reg.No.1924/2006, imposes to food manufacturers in the European market stringent criteria for health claims approval. Facing this trade-off, manufacturers need to assess which claim is more likely to lead to market success. We investigate the market value of different health claims, and their efficacy in Italy, using a large database of yogurt sales and a hedonic price framework. Our results indicate large variation in the marginal price of a health claim depending upon the type of health benefits delivered and the claim’s strength.
title: 'A Platform Upon Which All Could Unite?: Temperance in Ulster and the Irish Temperance League, 1858-1914'
Creators: name: Campbell, Orfhlaith
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2017

description: This research looks at the Irish temperance movement in Ulster between 1858-1914. It focuses on the organisation, the Irish Temperance League that was formed in Belfast in 1858. The League’s fundamental aim was to provide a platform upon which all total abstinence reformers in Ireland could unite. This research considers how successful the organisation was in its aspiration. It argues that while the League was successful in unifying the temperance movement in Ireland, there were limitations and issues within this agenda. The League successfully incorporated a dual methodology, encompassing both moral suasion and legislative prohibition, which had not been seen before in the Irish temperance movement. This enabled a range of different temperance reformers to work together under the auspice of the ITL. In particular the League was successful in uniting both religious and secular temperance reformers. The breadth of the League’s work also meant that it united individuals from all classes in society under its organisation. That being said, despite the League’s rhetoric contemporary social structures were maintained. For the members of the ITL, total abstinence was their political and religious dogma which superseded contemporary political and religious concerns. However this ultimately caused tension within denominational and political peers. The League aimed to function as a national organisation and it attempted to become an all-Ireland body, providing an inclusive teetotal culture for its members where they were safe from the temptations of the intemperate society around them. This research shows that while the League could claim an all-Ireland status by 1912 it continued to struggle to overcome its Protestant and Ulster roots and become an inclusive organisation in terms of religious affiliations. However against a backdrop of political tension in Ireland this was not the League’s fault but a consequence of the religious divide.
Renormalized thermodynamics from the 2PI effective action
Creators: name: Berges, J.
name: Borsanyi, Sz.
name: Reinosa, U.
name: Serreau, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-temperature resummed perturbation theory is plagued by poor convergence properties. The problem appears for theories with bosonic field content such as QCD, QED or scalar theories. We calculate the pressure as well as other thermodynamic quantities at high temperature for a scalar one-component field theory, solving a three-loop 2PI effective action numerically without further approximations. We present a detailed comparison with the two-loop approximation. One observes a strongly improved convergence behavior as compared to perturbative approaches. The renormalization employed in this work extends previous prescriptions, and is sufficient to determine all counterterms required for the theory in the symmetric as well as the spontaneously broken phase.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures; PRD version, references added, very minor changes
Wireless power transfer via topological modes in dimer chains
Creators: name: Song, Juan
name: Yang, Fengqing
name: Guo, Zhiwei
name: Wu, Xian
name: Zhu, Kejia
name: Jiang, Jun
name: Sun, Yong
name: Li, Yunhui
name: Jiang, Haitao
name: Chen, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The topological characteristics, including invariant topological orders, band inversion, and the topological edge mode (TEM) in the photonic insulators, have been widely studied. Whether people can take advantage of intriguing topological modes in simple one-dimensional systems to implement some practical applications is an issue which people are increasingly concerned about. In this work, based on a photonic dimer chain composed of ultra-subwavelength resonators, we verify experimentally that the TEM in the effective second-order parity-time (PT) system is immune to the inner disorder perturbation, and can be used to realize the long-range wireless power transfer (WPT) with high transmission efficiency. To intuitively show the TEM can be used for WPT, a power signal source is used to excite the TEM. It can be clearly seen that two LED lamps with 0.5-W at both ends of the structure are lighted up with the aid of TEMs. In addition, in order to solve the special technical problems of standby power loss and frequency tracking, we further propose that a WPT system with effective third-order PT symmetry can be constructed by using one topological interface mode and two TEMs. Inspired by the long-range WPT with TEMs in this work, it is expected to use more complex topological structures to achieve energy transmission with more functions, such as the WPT devices whose direction can be selected flexibly in the quasiperiodic or trimer topological chains.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Are Thai consumers willing to pay for food safety labels? Choice experiment on fresh produce
Creators: name: Wongprawmas, Rungsaran
name: Canavari, Maurizio
name: Waisarayutt, Chutima
name: Wongprawmas, Rungsaran
name: Canavari, Maurizio
name: Waisarayutt, Chutima
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: food safety label
subject: stated choice experiment
subject: mixed logit
subject: fresh produce
subject: Thailand

description: Thai government introduced a food safety label (Q mark) to help consumers recognizing produce with higher level of safety assurance. Producers and retailers are sceptical on whether Thai consumers place value on it, thus they are reluctant to apply to obtain certification and label. This study aims to estimate the value Thai consumers place on food safety labels for fresh produce using a discrete choice experiment approach and a mixed logit (RPL) model. A sample of 350 Thai consumers was surveyed in Bangkok in 2013. Thai consumers are willing- to-pay a premium price for food safety labelled produce over unlabelled ones.
Terahertz composite plasmonic slabs based on double-layer metallic gratings
Creators: name: Liu, Dejun
name: Chen, Lin
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A composite plasmonic slab based on double-layer metallic gratings and a dielectric film is experimentally and numerically demonstrated in terahertz (THz) regions, which can support two resonance modes and then form a broad bandgap (40%). As compared to the double-layer metal grating, the dielectric film in composite THz slabs significantly enhances the transmission of the transverse magnetic (TM) mode. Electric field vector proved that the low-frequency resonance mode originates from the symmetric plasmonic mode and the high-frequency resonance mode is induced by the hybrid mode of plasmonic and dielectric modes. The inherently near field coupling between metal gratings and dielectric film has been analyzed by changing the structural parameters. We further demonstrate that by tuning the metallic grating width, the plasmonic bandgap can be manipulated. These results suggest that this composite plasmonic slab has great potential for use as a filter, polarizer, and sensor in THz regions.
Analyzing the impacts of soil contamination and urban development pressure on farmland values: Unconditional quantile regression estimation
Creators: name: Schreurs, Eloi
name: Peeters, Ludo
name: Van Passel, Steven
name: Schreurs, Eloi
name: Peeters, Ludo
name: Van Passel, Steven
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Unconditional quantile regression
subject: Hedonic pricing
subject: Farmland values
subject: Soil contamination
subject: Cd pollution
subject: Spatiotemporal price relations
subject: Land development

description: We examine several determinants of farmland values in the Campine region (Belgium) using data on individual sales transactions. Since the study area is well known to have a legacy of heavy-metal pollution of land, one of the focal points is the implicit price of cadmium (Cd) pollution. We use a hedonic pricing model, applying both mean regression (OLS) and quantile regression (QR). Unlike previous hedonic studies using QR, we use unconditional QR (Firpo et al. 2009). The estimates obtained using UQR have a more intuitive interpretation than those obtained using standard (conditional) QR, and allow for less ambiguous comparisons with their OLS counterparts. We find only moderate evidence of price discounts in the middle (median) price range due to Cd contamination. On the other hand, we find that farmland values are strongly affected by the development potential of agricultural land due to urban pressure.
Decoding Holographic Codes with an Integer Optimisation Decoder
Creators: name: Harris, Robert J.
name: Coupe, Elliot
name: McMahon, Nathan A.
name: Brennen, Gavin K.
name: Stace, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a most likely error Pauli error decoding algorithm for stabiliser codes based on general purpose integer optimisation. Using this decoder we analyse the performance of holographic codes against Pauli errors and find numerical evidence for thresholds against Pauli errors for bulk qubits. We compare the performance of holographic code families of various code rates and find phenomenological Pauli error thresholds ranging from $7\%$ to $16\%$, depending on the code rate. Additionally we give numerical evidence that specific distance measures of the codes we consider scales polynomially with number of physical qubits.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Labelling and consumer behaviour: experimental evidence from a Belgian supermarket
Creators: name: Vlaeminck, Pieter
name: Jiang, Ting
name: Vranken, Liesbet
name: Vlaeminck, Pieter
name: Jiang, Ting
name: Vranken, Liesbet
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Food labelling
subject: Field Experiment
subject: Environmental Information Provision
subject: Consumer Behaviour

description: Using an incentive-compatible framed field experiment, we investigate whether consumers’ food consumption is more eco-friendly when the information about a product’s environmental impact is more easily accessible. Through an online choice experiment, we identify a food label that is perceived to be the most easily accessible for assessing a product’s eco- friendliness among six alternatives. This new graded food label is subsequently tested in an experimental food market embedded in a Belgium supermarket. We find that the presence of the new graded food label leads to more eco-friendly food consumption relative to the label currently used in the supermarket, i.e. the graded label increases the overall eco-friendliness of our subjects’ food consumption by about 10%.
Quivers for 3-manifolds: the correspondence, BPS states, and 3d $\mathcal{N}$=2 theories
Creators: name: Kucharski, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We introduce and explore the relation between quivers and 3-manifolds with the topology of the knot complement. This idea can be viewed as an adaptation of the knots-quivers correspondence to Gukov-Manolescu invariants of knot complements (also known as $F_K$ or $\hat{Z}$). Apart from assigning quivers to complements of $T^{(2,2p+1)}$ torus knots, we study the physical interpretation in terms of the BPS spectrum and general structure of 3d $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories associated to both sides of the correspondence. We also make a step towards categorification by proposing a $t$-deformation of all objects mentioned above.
description: 25 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of The cholinergic system in subtypes of Alzheimer’s disease: an in vivo longitudinal MRI study
Creators: name: Machado, Alejandra
name: Ferreira, Daniel
name: Grothe, Michel J.
name: Eyjolfsdottir, Helga
name: Almqvist, Per M.
name: Cavallin, Lena
name: Lind, Göran
name: Linderoth, Bengt
name: Seiger, Åke
name: Teipel, Stefan
name: Wahlberg, Lars U.
name: Lars-Olof Wahlund
name: Westman, Eric
name: Eriksdotter, Maria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1 Appendix A: Supplementary Methods. Appendix B: Supplementary Tables. Table S1. Baseline volumes of studied regions of interest by study group. Table S2. Linear mixed effect model of longitudinal changes of the basal forebrain volume by study group. Table S3. Linear mixed effect model of longitudinal changes of hippocampus, precuneus and PSC by study group. Appendix C: Supplementary Figures. Figure S1. Association between longitudinal atrophy rates of the basal forebrain and the hippocampus (ADNI cohort) for limbic-predominant, hippocampal-sparing, and minimal atrophy AD subtypes. Longitudinal atrophy rate is calculated as the volume at 24-months follow-up minus the volume at baseline.
Genetic determinants of neutrophil mediator mobilization and release and susceptibility to COPD
Creators: name: Zhang, Xiaozhu
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) are believed to be one of the major effector cells in the chronic airway inflammation that is present in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Unrestrained serine protease activity in general and elastase specifically, are currently believed to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of emphysema. CD63, Hck, and β-arrestins are important molecules in the process of azurophilic granule exocytosis. My thesis work mainly focused on defining the influence of genetic polymorphisms on gene expression and PMN function in healthy individuals and COPD patients. We hypothesized that functional polymorphisms of the CD63 gene, the Hck gene, and the β-arrestin 2 gene change the expression or function of these molecules, and as a consequence, they alter the release of azurophilic granule mediators, modulate the proteolytic activity and tissue injury and influence susceptibility to COPD or COPD related phenotypes. A number of putative genetic polymorphisms of the three genes have been validated, and their linkage disequilibrium maps have been estimated in Asians and Caucasians. Novel polymorphisms of the Hck gene (8,656L/S) and β-arrestin 2 gene (-159C/T) were discovered respectively. The 8,656L/S polymorphism was associated with the differential expression of the Hck protein and PMN MPO release upon IL-8 stimulation. It was also associated with different bronchodilator response in the COPD patients in the Lung Health Study cohort. The -159C/T polymorphism was associated with differential expression of β-arrestin 2 mRNA. A reporter gene assay demonstrated that the different alleles of the -159C/T polymorphism had different luciferase activity. The 3 detected polymorphisms in the CD63 gene were not associated with CD63 gene expression, whereas the polymorphism which was ~4kb downstream of the CD63 gene was associated with MPO release. In summary, this project offered key insight into the influence of genetic polymorphisms of the CD63 gene, the Hck gene, and the β-arrestin 2 gene on gene expression and azurophilic granule degranulation and this may improve our understanding of COPD pathogenesis and provide therapeutic guidance for COPD treatment.
XMM-Newton observations of Extremely Red Objects and the link with luminous, X-ray obscured Quasars
Creators: name: Brusa, M.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Daddi, E.
name: Pozzetti, L.
name: Zamorani, G.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Cimatti, A.
name: Fiore, F.
name: Mignoli, M.
name: Ciliegi, P.
name: Rottgering, H. J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a deep (about 80 ks) XMM-Newton survey of the largest sample of near-infrared selected Extremely Red Objects (R-K>5) available to date to K_S< 19.2. At the relatively bright X-ray fluxes (F_{2-10 keV}> 4x10^{-15} cgs) and near-infrared magnitude probed by the present observations, the fraction of AGN (i.e., X-ray detected) among the ERO population is small (~3.5%); conversely, the fraction of EROs among hard X-ray selected sources is much higher (~20%). The X-ray properties of EROs detected in our XMM-Newton observation indicate absorption in excess of 10^{22} cm^{-2} in a large fraction of them. We have also considered additional samples of X-ray detected EROs available in the literature. X-ray spectral analysis of the highest S/N sources unambiguously indicates that large columns of cold gas (even >10^{23} cm^{-2}) are the rule rather than the exception. The X-ray, optical, and near-infrared properties of those X-ray selected EROs with a spectroscopic or photometric redshift nicely match those expected for quasars 2, the high-luminosity, high-redshift obscured AGNs predicted in baseline XRB synthesis models. A close correlation is detected between X- and K-band fluxes. For the AGN EROs this is consistent, under reasonable assumptions, with the relation established locally between the host galaxies and their central black holes. This suggest that the majority of EROs are powered by massive black holes accreting, on average, at about 0.03-0.1 of the Eddington limit.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures, to appear in A&A
title: Abteilung Minigraben - neuer Akt für eine Ruine
Creators: name: Rotschopf, Eva
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2015

description: Mit der vorliegenden Arbeit -Abteilung Minigraben - Neuer Akt für eine Ruine- möchte ich im ersten Teil der Frage nachgehen, warum im Lungau, dem südlichsten der Salzburger Gaue, Tradition doch sehr hoch gehalten wird, jedoch historischer (und) bäuerlicher Altbestand offenbar kaum als Traditionsvermittler und somit als schützens- und erhaltenswert gesehen wird. Jedoch bezeugen gerade diese Gebäude noch immer die Tradition des Handwerkes und des bäuerlichen Lebens. Auch der öffentliche Diskurs zum Thema Architektur sowie zeitgenössische Architektur existieren kaum bzw. nur sehr vereinzelt. Im zweiten Teil bringe ich einen Vorschlag, wie ein altes, ruinöses Gebäude -wiederverwertet- werden könnte. In diesem Fall passiert das nicht mittels Restaurierung im Sinne der Denkmalpflege oder Renovierung und der damit verbundenen Umnutzung des Gebäudes, sondern die Programmierung -Verfall` der Ruine wird auf die Intervention übertragen. In Anlehnung an den Bestand werden Formen, Materialien und Konstruktion bewusst sehr einfach gehalten. Ein schematischer Zeitraffer sollte eine Idee davon skizzieren, wie sich die Situation in 100 Jahren darstellen könnte.
description: The following thesis -Abteilung Minigraben - Neuer Akt für eine Ruine- (Department Miniature Trench - A New Act for a Ruin) primarily aims to discuss why tradition is highly emphasized throughout society in Lungau, Salzburg´s most southern district, while historical and rural architecture are apparently not seen as facilitators of tradition and hence are not considered worthy of protection and conservation. Although this distinct rural architecture still gives lively evidence of the artisan craftsmanship and rural lifestyle, a discourse on architecture as well as contemporary architecture is scarce if not non-existent. In the second part of my thesis I will give a suggestion on how an old, ruinous edifice could be -recycled-. Contrary to common built heritage conversation this is not accomplished through restoration by definition and the resulting reuse of the building but moreover the set programme of -Deterioration- is transferred to the man made intervention. Following the constituent buildings, forms, materials and construction are purposely chosen by their simplicity. A schematic time lapse gives an idea on how the situation could be 100 years into the future.
4958: Shoreditch 1919 Peace Medal
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Artefact from a private collector of war memorabilia.
Global Mie Scattering
Creators: name: Chen, Weijin
name: Yang, Qingdong
name: Chen, Yuntian
name: Liu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In various subdisciplines of optics and photonics, Mie theory has been serving as a fundamental language and play indispensable roles widely. Conventional studies related to Mie scattering largely focus on local properties such as differential cross sections and angular polarization distributions. Though spatially integrated features of total cross sections in terms of both scattering and absorption are routine for investigations, they are intrinsically dependent on the specific morphologies of both the scattering bodies and the incident waves, consequently manifesting no sign of global invariance. Here we propose global Mie scattering theory to explore topological invariants for characterizations of scatterings by any obstacles of arbitrarily structured or polarized coherent light. It is revealed that, independent of distributions and interactions among the scattering bodies of arbitrary geometric and optical parameters, in the far field inevitably there are directions where the scatterings are either zero or circularly polarized. Furthermore, for each such singular direction we can assign a half-integer index and the index sum of all those directions are bounded to be a global topological invariant of $2$. The global Mie theory we propose, which is mathematically simple but conceptually penetrating, can render new perspectives for light scattering and topological photonics in both linear and nonlinear regimes, and would potentially shed new light on the scattering of acoustic and matter waves of various forms.
description: Eight pages and four figures; Comments to welcome
Consumer acceptance of an EU/non-EU label of origin of beef: an analysis of attribute attendance in a discrete choice experiment
Creators: name: Lagerkvist, Carl Johan
name: Hess, Sebastian
name: Lagerkvist, Carl Johan
name: Hess, Sebastian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Meat labelling
subject: information cues
subject: consumer acceptance
subject: choice experiments
subject: attribute attendance

description: This paper reports on consumer acceptance of an EU/non-EU label of origin instead of a specific country of origin denomination. Data from a discrete choice experiment were analysed for attribute attendance using a Generalised Linear Random Effects Panel Model with Logistic Link function. The results indicated that the propensity to choose EU/non-EU denomination of origin depended on the total number of other labelling credence attributes provided. Interaction effects were found between number of quality cues and price level. The direct effect of price outweighed the influence of more information, and the amount of information in itself was not enough to grant choice. The compensatory qualities of each credence attribute in relation to the EU/non-EU origin denomination differed. Cues relating to animal welfare and far-reaching traceability had the highest likelihood of influencing choice of the EU/non-EU denomination of origin.