cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fieldwork - A Conceptual Methodology Linking Science and Art
Creators: name: Fortescue, Donald
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: Fieldwork - A Conceptual Methodology Linking Science and Art. This exegesis presents the outcomes of artistic fieldwork in the Arctic and the Antarctic - locations which are the focus of intensive scientific exploration and research. The primary fieldwork site for my research was the South Pole and fieldwork there in the austral summer of 2006/17 was completed under a US National Science Foundation Antarctic Artists and Writers Fellowship in collaboration with the IceCube Neutrino Observatory. This project researches interconnections between the aspirations, methodologies, and outcomes of scientific and artistic inquiry as demonstrated through the mode of fieldwork. The field provides a cleared space of work for comparative investigation of the methodologies and approaches of science and art. Artmaking and astrophysics are approached as two congruent practices of fieldwork. Both entail challenging logistics, the deployment of sensitive, hand-made and untried instruments, improvisation and adjustment to accommodate field conditions and unexpected contingencies, and comprehending and interpreting the resulting data. Objectivity is as a key aspect of both contemporary art and science, and instruments act as devices of constraint to reduce subjectivity in both. The conceptualisation of instruments as devices of constraint within both science and the visual arts proved to be an effective research strategy. This approach has allowed me to consider scientific instruments from an artist's perspective, to design and create my own instruments for deployment in conjunction with scientific instruments, to develop collaborations with scientists and to locate my research within an original analysis of aspects of contemporary art practice. The artistic outcomes of my fieldwork take a conceptual approach to making art connected to the Antarctic and Arctic environments that goes beyond the pictorial, narrative and didactic. The outcomes are analysed using original perspectives derived from scientific analysis. My approach has been to reconsider the terms 'field', 'noise', 'signal', 'pareidolia', 'artefact', 'instrument', 'transcription' and 'transduction'. These terms are used as lenses through which to examine contemporary artistic practice and the outcomes of my own research. It is argued that the circumscription of these concepts and the location of cultural and physical fields in which they can operate delineates a common ground between science and art.
OBRAZLAR RUHIYATIDA TUSH TASVIRI
Creators: name: Ahmedova, Sarvinoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: ushbu maqolada badiiy asarlarda obraz va qahramonlar ruhiyatida uchrovchi tush motivi haqida so‘z yuritiladi. Tush motivi badiiy asarlar syujetida qahramonlarning ruhiy holatini ochib berishda hamda syujet voqealarini, syujetning asosiy bo‘g`inlarini o‘zaro bog`lashda muhim o‘rin tutadi. U ijodkorga o‘z fikrini aniq hamda ta’sirchan qilib ifodalashga yordam beradi. Xususan, bu motiv ruhiy tahlilning muhim poetik vositasi sifatida asar qahramonlarining nimalarni his etayotganligini, ma’naviy va axloqiy qarashlarini, e’tiqodini, turish-turmushini, o‘y-kechinmalarini, orzu-umidlari-yu armonini anglashga xizmat qilar ekan quyida buni misollar orqali ifodalashga harakat qilindi.
Reconfiguring Ideal Masculinity: Gender Politics in Indonesian Cinema
Creators: name: Eliyanah, Evi
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2019

description: My thesis examines Indonesian filmmakers' struggles in undermining the hegemonic ideal, bapakism. It focuses on the crucial years of 2000-2014. Profound socio-political and economic shifts had forced changes to Indonesia's official patterning of gender relations during the period. Consequently, the changes provoked a requestioning of what constituted ideal masculinity, as well as femininity in Indonesia. So far, inadequate scholarly attention has been paid to the workings of power and class dimensions underlying the rejuvenated gender politics to secure hegemonic masculinity, especially in popular culture. Commercial cinema was, and still is, one of the most crucial arenas in popular culture, in which political agents-primarily urban, highly educated middle classes-sought to legitimise alternative ideals or to reinforce the existing hegemonic masculinity. My thesis is interested in exploring commercial filmmakers' choices, negotiations and compromises in shaping what could be represented and idealised on Indonesian commercial cinema at this given time. Taking into account the flourishing of the 'new man' on-screen, I decided to use the filmmakers' struggles to legitimise this alternative ideal in commercial cinema as my analytic lens. The 'new man' challenges the hegemonic bapakism's valorisation of breadwinning, authoritative patron leadership and heteronormativity. Combining textual analysis, field research and interface ethnography, I argue that commercial filmmakers struggled to innovate and experiment with alternative ideals which promoted equal and fluid gender relations on the big screen. Yet, the filmmakers' struggles were overshadowed by middle-class biases and moral panic.
Boltzmann equation with cutoff Rutherford scattering cross section near Maxwellian
Creators: name: He, Ling-Bing
name: Zhou, Yu-Long
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The well-known Rutherford differential cross section, denoted by $ dΩ/dσ$, corresponds to a two body interaction with Coulomb potential. It leads to the logarithmically divergence of the momentum transfer (or the transport cross section) which is described by $$\int_{{\mathbb S}^2} (1-\cosθ) \frac{dΩ}{dσ} dσ\sim \int_0^π θ^{-1}dθ. $$ Here $θ$ is the deviation angle in the scattering event. Due to screening effect, physically one can assume that $θ_{\min}$ is the order of magnitude of the smallest angles for which the scattering can still be regarded as Coulomb scattering. Under ad hoc cutoff $θ\geq θ_{\min}$ on the deviation angle, L. D. Landau derived a new equation in \cite{landau1936transport} for the weakly interacting gas which is now referred to as the Fokker-Planck-Landau or Landau equation. In the present work, we establish a unified framework to justify Landau's formal derivation in \cite{landau1936transport} and the so-called Landau approximation problem proposed in \cite{alexandre2004landau} in the close-to-equilibrium regime. Precisely, (i). we prove global well-posedness of the Boltzmann equation with cutoff Rutherford cross section which is perhaps the most singular kernel both in relative velocity and deviation angle. (ii). we prove a global-in-time error estimate between solutions to Boltzmann and Landau equations with logarithm accuracy, which is consistent with the famous Coulomb logarithm. Key ingredients into the proofs of these results include a complete coercivity estimate of the linearized Boltzmann collision operator, a uniform spectral gap estimate and a novel linear-quasilinear method.
description: 81 pages
DART: aDaptive Accept RejecT for non-linear top-K subset identification
Creators: name: Agarwal, Mridul
name: Aggarwal, Vaneet
name: Quinn, Christopher J.
name: Umrawal, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the bandit problem of selecting $K$ out of $N$ arms at each time step. The reward can be a non-linear function of the rewards of the selected individual arms. The direct use of a multi-armed bandit algorithm requires choosing among $\binom{N}{K}$ options, making the action space large. To simplify the problem, existing works on combinatorial bandits {typically} assume feedback as a linear function of individual rewards. In this paper, we prove the lower bound for top-$K$ subset selection with bandit feedback with possibly correlated rewards. We present a novel algorithm for the combinatorial setting without using individual arm feedback or requiring linearity of the reward function. Additionally, our algorithm works on correlated rewards of individual arms. Our algorithm, aDaptive Accept RejecT (DART), sequentially finds good arms and eliminates bad arms based on confidence bounds. DART is computationally efficient and uses storage linear in $N$. Further, DART achieves a regret bound of $\tilde{\mathcal{O}}(K\sqrt{KNT})$ for a time horizon $T$, which matches the lower bound in bandit feedback up to a factor of $\sqrt{\log{2NT}}$. When applied to the problem of cross-selling optimization and maximizing the mean of individual rewards, the performance of the proposed algorithm surpasses that of state-of-the-art algorithms. We also show that DART significantly outperforms existing methods for both linear and non-linear joint reward environments.
Women, Higher Education, and the Labor Market: A Cross-Cultural Understanding of the Impact of Religion
Creators: name: Hale, Allison Fife
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: How do deeply-held cultural perspectives shape the desire and ability of women to pursue higher education and or careers? More specifically, how do predominant religious and cultural perspectives on the family, the role of women, and the role of education influence a woman's decision to obtain higher education and her perceived ability or desire to seek full-time employment upon graduation? To answer these questions, this research utilized a cross-cultural survey instrument to compare and contrast the perceptions of female, undergraduate students in one predominantly Muslim/Middle Eastern society -- Dubai, U.A.E -- and one predominantly Mormon/Western society -- Utah, U.S.A. We find that despite diverse cultural backgrounds, Islam and Mormonism have remarkably similar perceived effects on attitudes towards work, family, and education among young, college-aged women in both societies. In particular, we find that women in both cultures place family interests firmly above career and education, although the latter are clearly intertwined with expectations of the dominant religion. Given the growing interest on female perceptions in the workforce and the ability of women to "balance" career and family interests, this research helps fill the gap in cross-cultural knowledge on this topic and, in particular, helps us gain further insight on the influence of religion in determining attitudes towards work, family, and higher education.
Thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines and their C-nucleosides: Synthesis and biological evaluation
Creators: name: Temburnikar, Kartik Waman
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2012
Subjects: Affinity labeling agents
chemical genetics
cell cycle
cell biology
Heterocyles
Heterocyclic compounds
Theinopyrimidines
Pyrrolopyrimidines
Medicinal Chemistry
Drug discovery
drug design
Structure based drug design
Anticancer
Antiproliferative agents
Nucleobases
Nucleosides
C-nucleosides
modified nucleosides
Palladium Catalysis
Heck reaction
glycals
Synthetic methodology
process development
chlorination

description: The evolution of medicine from alchemy to rationale-based drug design has been instrumental in alleviating human ailments and improving the quality of life. Nucleosides occupy an important place in drug design and discovery as they are inherent in many cellular functions. As a result, structural modifications to the nucleoside scaffold can have far reaching biological consequences.  Hence, nucleoside analogues have been central to the discovery of potent anticancer and antiviral drugs.   Thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines hold an important place in drug design particularly anticancer drugs due to their ability to mimic nucleoside bases and recognition by enzymes. Our lab has been involved in synthesis and biological evaluation of modified nucleobases and nucleosides to explore their anticancer and antiviral properties. In that context, synthesis of thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines and their C-nucleosides was accomplished. Their subsequent biological evaluation resulted in identification of a series of halogenated compounds that possess excellent antiproliferative activity, notably against cancer cell lines. In due course of structure activity relationship (SAR) the importance of the C-4 halogen and sulfur towards imparting biological activity to the heterocyclic scaffold was established. Furthermore, the 7-halogenated thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines impart themselves to functional group conversions and preparation of C-nucleosides via Palladium catalyzed cross-coupling reactions. The synthesis of C-nucleosides of thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines was accomplished using Heck coupling methodology. The importance of pyrrole protection was established followed by identification of a suitable pyrrole protecting group in order to synthesize the corresponding C-nucleosides of the pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines that was facile and high yielding. The synthesis of thieno[3,2-d]- and pyrrolo[3,2-d]pyrimidines and their corresponding C-nucleosides is reported herein along with their biological activity that resulted in the identification of biologically active lead compounds.
SYNTHESIS, CHARACTERIZATION, AND INCORPORATION OF BENZOPERYLENE MONOIMIDES INTO STIMULI-RESPONSIVE POLYACRYLAMIDE NANOGELS
Creators: name: Manning, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2013
Subjects: Benzoperylene Derivatives
Fluorescent Sensors
Molecular Thermometers
Nanogels
Solvatochromism

description: Research into smart polymeric materials has shown promise in improving the quality of non-invasive temperature sensors.  Smart polymers are materials that engineered to analytically respond to small changes in their local environment.  In this work, we present research towards novel polymeric molecular thermometers as non-invasive temperature sensors with a ratiometric fluorescent read-out.  The new smart polymer systems combine the thermo-responsive phase change behavior of polyacrylamide nanogel hosts with solvatochromic benzoperylene monoimide (BPI) fluorophore dopants. The individual components of the acrylamide-BPI molecular thermometers were studied with steady-state and time-correlated spectroscopies and dynamic light scattering.  BPIs were synthesized via condensation of benzoperylene-1,2-dicarboxylic anhydride (BPA) in the presence of bulky primary amines. Structurally, an orthogonal orientation of sterically bulky imide substituents inhibits aggregation in solution and increases their versatility as fluorophores for analytical sensing.  Absorbance spectra and geometry optimization of the BPIs show that at least 4 Å of distance is required of the imide substituent in order to prohibit planar stacking and aggregation.  The BPIs exhibit strong UV absorbance (~80000 M-1cm-1) and fluorescence quantum yield (0.27 - 0.44) in many solvents.  Large Stokes shifts are observed due to the asymmetrical substitution into the bay-region of the aromatic core.  The BPI Stokes shifts were examined according to general and specific solvent models.  It is determined that BPIs undergo a 3.9 D increase in dipole moment upon excitation and that protic solvents induce a more exaggerated fluorescence red-shift.  The local polarity weakly influences the BPI ground state, but strongly influences the excited state. Fluorescent molecular thermometers were prepared via encapsulation of the BPIs within polyacrylamide nanogels.  The water-insoluble BPIs were emulsified within the nonpolar gel network and the temperature-responsive fluorescent behavior was investigated.  The BPI-doped acrylamides exhibit temperature-responsive fluorescence at the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) chain collapse of the polymers.  Ratiometric emission intensity measurements of the nonpolar (500 nm) and polar (600 nm) BPI emission increased 4.7- to 14.4-fold at the LCST.  Changing the acrylamide host compositions yielded molecular thermometers with response ranges spanning 27 °C to 60 °C with high sensitivity (32% C-1 to 51% C-1) at the LCSTs.
Excited state spectroscopy in carbon nanotube double quantum dots
Creators: name: Sapmaz, Sami
name: Meyer, Carola
name: Beliczynski, Piotr
name: Jarillo-Herrero, Pablo
name: Kouwenhoven, Leo P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on low temperature measurements in a fully tunable carbon nanotube double quantum dot. A new fabrication technique has been used for the top-gates in order to avoid covering the whole nanotube with an oxide layer as in previous experiments. The top-gates allow us to form single dots, control the coupling between them and we observe four-fold shell filling. We perform inelastic transport spectroscopy via the excited states in the double quantum dot, a necessary step towards the implementation of new microwave-based experiments.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures, submitted to nanoletters
Lattice dynamics and structural transition of the hyperhoneycomb iridate $β$-Li$_2$IrO$_3$ investigated by high-pressure Raman scattering
Creators: name: Choi, Sungkyun
name: Kim, Heung-Sik
name: Kim, Hun-Ho
name: Krajewska, Aleksandra
name: Kim, Gideok
name: Minola, Matteo
name: Takayama, Tomohiro
name: Takagi, Hidenori
name: Haule, Kristjan
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Keimer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a polarized Raman scattering study of the lattice dynamics of $β$-Li$_2$IrO$_3$ under hydrostatic pressures up to 7.62 GPa. At ambient pressure, $β$-Li$_2$IrO$_3$ exhibits the hyperhoneycomb crystal structure and a magnetically ordered state of spin-orbit entangled Jeff = 1/2 moments that is strongly influenced by bond-directional (Kitaev) exchange interactions. At a critical pressure of ~ 4.1 GPa, the phonon spectrum changes abruptly consistent with the reported structural transition into a monoclinic, dimerized phase. A comparison to the phonon spectra obtained from density functional calculations shows reasonable overall agreement. The calculations also indicate that the high-pressure phase is a nonmagnetic insulator driven by the formation of Ir-Ir dimer bonds. Our results thus indicate a strong sensitivity of the electronic properties of $β$-Li$_2$IrO$_3$ to the pressure-induced structural transition.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, 5 tables, Supplemental Material included
Dynamical simulation of bound antiproton-nuclear systems and observable signals of cold nuclear compression
Creators: name: Larionov, A. B.
name: Mishustin, I. N.
name: Satarov, L. M.
name: Greiner, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On the basis of the kinetic equation with selfconsistent relativistic mean fields acting on baryons and antibaryons, we study dynamical response of the nucleus to an antiproton implanted in its interior. By solving numerically the time-dependent Vlasov equation, we show that the compressed state is formed on a rather short time scale of about 4-10 fm/c. This justifies the assumption, that the antiproton annihilation may happen in the compressed nuclear environment. The evolution of the nucleus after antiproton annihilation is described by the same kinetic equation including collision terms. We show, that nucleon kinetic energy spectra and the total invariant mass distributions of produced mesons are quite sensitive observables to the antiproton annihilation in the compressed nucleus.
description: 26 pages, 2 tables, 12 figures; extended discussion, added references, new Fig. 4; version accepted in Phys. Rev. C
Mathematical Models for the Etiology of Schizophrenia and White Matter Lesions
Creators: name: Corbitt, Paul Timothy
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Applied Probability
Epidemiological Models
Leukoariosis
Mathematical Modeling
Physics
Schizophrenia

description: The thesis consists of two projects.  The first project uses mathematical models from nuclear physics to explore epidemiological data related to schizophrenia.  These models improve the state of the art understanding of the biological etiology of schizophrenia, suggesting that regular internal biological events are responsible for disease development.  The schizophrenia project develops two families of mathematical models that describe the course of schizophrenia.  First, the models are applied to schizophrenia prevalence data for different populations.  Parameters from these models are analyzed for trends relating to the parameters.  The parameters are used to simulate datasets showing the relationship of the models back to the observed parameters.  These models from theoretical physics can explain monozygotic twin discordance in schizophrenia.  The second project explores white matter lesions in a Mexican-American population across the adult lifespan.  A novel mathematical model is created to relate white matter lesion development to aging, diabetes, and hypertension.  The white matter lesion project examined real data from a Mexican-American population.  The model revealed that diabetes, hypertension, and age are strongly associated with the development of white matter lesions.  The data revealed a transition from lower volume, number, and average volume of lesions in the 36-45 to 46-55 decades of life.  The novel mathematical model uses a logistic differential equation and elements of probability theory to recreate the data.  Further analysis of the model showed that it not only fit the Mexican-American data, but also fit data related to the Austrian Stroke Prevention Study. It made predictions about the effects of diabetes and hypertension in a simulated Mexican-American population.  The totality of the projects show that physics is a fertile ground for developing physically based mathematical models that can be applied to diverse problems relating to medicine.  Potential extensions to this work will also be discussed.
Letter from James A Hick (Farmers' Institutes) to [Frank] Hewer, March 20, 1909
Creators: name: Hick, James A.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to Frank Hewer from James A. Hick of the Farmers' Institutes, dated March 20, 1909, regarding how to become a member of the Farmers' Institute.
Personal  Vulnerability in University Student Mothers: An Examination of Cultural Expectations and Coping Mechanisms
Creators: name: Daines, Joanna
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Past research has emphasized the inter-role conflict and resulting stress and depression working mothers' experience. Similar conflicting responsibilities are faced by student mothers, or mothers attending post-secondary institutes of higher education. These women may be subject to feelings of personal vulnerability, depression, feelings of incompetence as parents, and dysfunctional interaction with their children. However, it is unclear how these factors are related among the student-mother population. Additionally, stress resulting from conflicting roles may be exacerbated by the cultural expectations placed on these women especially in the context of Utah culture. This study sought to understand how personal vulnerability is related to depression, perceived lack of parental competence, and parent-to-child dysfunctional interaction among student mothers. This study also explored the cultural expectations these women reported and the mechanisms they employed to cope with all the stressors they face.
Survey data were collected from forty student mothers to understand personal vulnerability correlates and follow-up interviews were conducted with a subsample of ten of these mothers to study their reported Utah culture expectations and mechanisms used to cope with their stressors. Personal vulnerability was shown to be highly correlated with depression, perceived lack of parental competence, and parent-to-child dysfunctional interaction. Many student-mothers identified similar cultural expectations including being stay-at-home moms, being perfect, and subsequently not measuring up. Most of these women reported exercise, time alone, and relying on the support of others as effective coping mechanisms in responding to stress.
Peacebuilding and the private sector : regulating business after conflict
Creators: name: Ford, Jolyon Tennyson Randle
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: JZ5538.F67 2011
subject: Peace-building
subject: Conflict management

description: United Nations (UN) peace operations are often at the forefront of efforts to build peace after conflict. They embody universal ideals and seek to give them practical effect during post-contnct peacebuilding. This thesis explores a role for UN peace operations in helping to regulate the peacebuilding impact of one important social group, the business sector. The main hypothesis is that especially during early post-conflict periods UN peace operations can and should take steps to influence business behaviour in ways that increase the possibilities of sustainable peace and of business respect for fundamental standards. Existing scholarship has shown how business factors and activity may have both positive and negative effects on processes to consolidate peace. Meanwhile recent debates on the human rights responsibilities of business have highlighted the need for special policies and institutional initiatives for conflict-affected zones, where local regulators are often weak. But to date scholars and policymakers have not explored a role for peace operations in regulating conflict-sensitive and socially-responsible business practices. This thesis examines how UN peace operations have acted (or omitted to act) to shape the various ways in which business might help or hinder the achievement of peacebuilding goals. The principal finding is that the UN peacebuilding system mainly views businesses as subjects for economic policy. It appears largely blind to businesses as social and political actors. Peace operations have lacked explicit mandates or any strategy to engage with business to minimise harm or maximise positive contributions to peace. The challenge is to find the will and a way to do so. The thesis proposes a normative theory of transitional business regulation. It is appropriate for the UN to assume a temporary role shaping business conduct in the public interest during transitions from conflict to sustained peace. This role should involve stimulating responsible business self-regulation and linking business to multiple networks of oversight and support. In this way peace operations can help address an important possible source of conflict risk or peacebuilding strength, reduce future state regulatory burdens, and catalyse socially-responsible business practices. By opening private business to public values, peace operations would also contribute to wider efforts to promote greater social responsibility in business.
Impact of Resident Assistants and Community on Student Grades
Creators: name: Arrington, Kayla
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2014

description: On-campus student housing at any university has the opportunity to positively impact student experiences. This exploratory study looks at how frequency of interaction with the Resident Assistant (RA) and interaction with the residence hall community, sense of community, social self-efficacy, and academic self-concept correlate with academic success. This study is intended to show the effect the Resident Assistant has on students' academic and social experiences in apartment-style housing. Therefore, this study also looks at how variables are related to each other in order to give Resident Assistants a better understanding of their sphere of influence in a community. The relationships between these variables are partly facilitated with an understanding of the Symbolic Interactionism perspective. This theory states that how people view themselves influences how they interact with others and react to ideas, concepts, objects, etc. Results show positive correlations between the number of interactions with the community and sense of community and also between GPA and academic self-concept. What was unexpected was the moderate negative correlation between GPA and sense of community. Further work should be done to flesh out the connections between variables.
NGC1600 - Cluster or Field Elliptical?
Creators: name: Smith, Rodney M.
name: Martinez, Vicent J.
name: Fernandez-Soto, Alberto
name: Ballesteros, Fernando J.
name: Ortiz-Gil, Amelia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A study of the galaxy distribution in the field of the elliptical galaxy NGC1600 has been undertaken. Although this galaxy is often classified as a member of a loose group, all the neighbouring galaxies are much fainter and could be taken as satellites of NGC1600. The number density profile of galaxies in the field of this galaxy shows a decline with radius, with evidence of a background at approximately 1.3 Mpc. The density and number density profile are consistent with that found for other isolated early-type galaxies. NGC1600 appears as an extended source in X-rays, and the center of the X-ray emission seems not to coincide with the center of the galaxy. The velocity distribution of neighbouring galaxies has been measured from optical spectroscopic observations and shows that the mean radial velocity is approximately 85 km/s less than that of NGC1600, indicating that the centre of mass could lie outside the galaxy. The velocity dispersion of the `group' is estimated at 429 km/s. The inferred mass of the system is therefore of the order of 10^14 solar masses, a value that corresponds to a large group. NGC1600 therefore shares some similarities, but is not identical to, the `fossil clusters' detected in X-ray surveys. Implications of this result for studies of isolated early-type galaxies are briefly discussed.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures and 2 table, accepted for publication in the ApJ
Probing Electroweak Top Quark Couplings at Hadron and Lepton Colliders
Creators: name: Baur, U.
name: Juste, A.
name: Orr, L. H.
name: Rainwater, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss possibilities to measure the tt-gamma and ttZ couplings at hadron and lepton colliders. We also briefly describe how these measurements can be used to constrain the parameter space of models of new physics, in particular Little Higgs models.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, to appear in the Proceedings of 'Loops and Legs 2006', Eisenach, Germany, April 23-28, 2006
Genetic and Environmental Interactions on Schizophrenia-Like Phenotypes in CHL1 Deficient Mice
Creators: name: Obray, J. Daniel
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Schizophrenia is a debilitating disorder which is often characterized by dysregulation of the processing of sensory information. Schizophrenia has been shown to have a strong genetic component, as well as a strong environmental component. As such, a number of hypotheses such as the diathesis stress hypothesis have been developed to explain the etiology of schizophrenia. As most of these theories attempt to account for a genetic and an environmental factor, they are often viewed as double-hit models of schizophrenia. Several theories have emerged as potential explanations for the symptoms of schizophrenia. The dopamine hypothesis suggests that the basal level of dopamine transmission within the mesolimbic and mesocortical pathways is increased in schizophrenia. The glutamate hypothesis suggests that increased glutamate transmission in the striatum combined with NMDA receptor hypofunction could result in some of the symptoms of schizophrenia. Both the dopamine and the glutamate hypothesis draw on the idea that individuals with schizophrenia show heightened neural activation as compared with non-schizophrenics. The developmental theory of schizophrenia posits that insults to the brain occurring during development may causes changes in the brain which result in the symptoms of schizophrenia later in life. In this study, CHL1 deficient mice, an animal model of schizophrenia were compared with their wild type littermates on measures of neuronal activation and latent inhibition, a measure of normal attentional and sensory processing. Additionally, some mice from both genotypes were selected to receive stress. It was found that all unstressed mice as well as the wild type stressed mice showed latent inhibition. The stressed CHL1 deficient mice did not show latent inhibition, the absence of which is associated with the positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These results provide support for a double hit (environment x genetic) account of schizophrenia.
Fermi liquid identities for the Infinite U Anderson Model
Creators: name: Lebanon, Eran
name: Coleman, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the electron gas methods of Luttinger, Ward and Nozières can be applied to the infinite U Anderson impurity model within a Schwinger boson treatment. Working to all orders in a 1/N expansion, we show how the Friedel Langreth relationship, the Yamada-Yosida-Yoshimori and the Shiba-Korringa relations can be derived, under the assumption that the spinon and holon fields are gapped. One of the remarkable features of this treatment, is that the Landau amplitudes depend on the exchange of low energy virtual spinons and holons. We end the paper with a discussion on the extension of our approach to the lattice, where the spinon-holon is expected to close at a quantum critical point.
description: 18 pages. Version 2 revised after referees comments
A Fast Fullchip Transient Response Estimation Technique
Creators: name: Kadiyala Rao, Sushmita
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2011
Subjects: current based testing
fullchip simulation
Power estimation
power supply noise

description: Circuit Simulation has long been a dependable technique for design engineers for functional testing before a circuit is taken to silicon. But as we move into deep sub-micron technologies, chips are becoming more complex and denser. The dense power grid adds to long simulation runtime rendering fullchip simulations difficult and computationally expensive for larger designs. Some large designs may not even be simulatable. Even fast simulators like Cadence UltraSim fail to provide SPICE level accuracy. Dynamic solutions provide greater accuracy than statistical techniques but long simulation run time becomes the biggest tradeoff. Accurate measurement of dynamic currents is required for applications like power estimation, supply noise predictions and in verifying the power grid designs and testing. The research reported in this thesis is focussed on providing a current based method to estimate a fullchip's transient response without carrying out a fullchip simulation. Instead, a part of the chip is simulated and the power port currents measured are used to estimate the fullchip currents using the principle of superposition. A simple scaling method is also proposed to compensate for resistive variations in the test circuits. This technique eliminates fullchip simulations that are complex and time consuming but the accuracy is maintained as the fullchip estimation is carried out on simulated data. Experimental results reported demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. The estimated waveforms are compared against the fullchip measured waveforms and found to be very close estimates to the actual currents. Mean square error, maximum current difference and area error are the three metrics considered to quantify the error. The maximum mean square error is less than 10% for all test cases at significant power pads that draw majority of the current in the test circuits.
Binding Innovation Technologies, Restoring Freedom to the World of Snowboard Bindings
Creators: name: Munsee, Matthew Lee
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Snowboarding technology has progressed by leaps and bounds since the sport's inception in the 1980's. However, there is one area that has gotten progressively worse. That area is flexibility and freedom of expression. In order to make the sport safer, the industry responded by making stiffer boots and bindings. Our goal is to bring back the high level of flexibility that built the sport while maintaining or exceeding current safety standards. We also need to reduce heel side shock so as to increase the comfort of the rider. Our design consists of three major systems that drastically increase flexibility, safety, and shock absorptivity. The base of our design lies in the baseplate. With flexible rubber hinges and dampening foam, the baseplate allows for much greater flexibility and greatly reduces the effects of uneven terrain. The composite material contained in the ankle strap will limit the ankle dorsiflexion to a safe range of 20 degrees while allowing for lateral flexibility and increased comfort. The stiff high back completes the design. Thanks to the highback the rider will have precise, immediate control over the board in any situation. With these three components we feel confident that our design meets the needs of any intermediate to experienced level rider looking for more flexibility and safety.
Higher elliptic genera
Creators: name: Borisov, L.
name: Libgober, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J50, 58J03, 14M, 11F

description: We show that elliptic classes introduced in our earlier paper for spaces with infinite fundamental groups yield Novikov's type higher elliptic genera which are invariants of K-equivalence. This include, as a special case, the birational invariance of higher Todd classes studied recently by J.Rosenberg and J.Block-S.Weinberger. We also prove the modular properties of these genera, show that they satisfy a McKay correspondence, and consider their twist by discrete torsion.
description: Comments on lemma 3.1 deleted. Final version
Optical absorption sensing with dual-spectrum silicon LEDs in SOI-CMOS technology
Creators: name: Dutta, Satadal
name: Steeneken, Peter G.
name: Verbiest, Gerard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Silicon p-n junction diodes emit low-intensity, broad-spectrum light near 1120 nm in forward bias and between 400-900 nm in reverse bias (avalanche). For the first time, we experimentally achieve optical absorption sensing of pigment in solution with silicon micro LEDs designed in a standard silicon-on-insulator CMOS technology. By driving a single LED in both forward and avalanche modes of operation, we steer its electroluminescent spectrum between visible and near-infrared (NIR). We then characterize the vertical optical transmission of both visible and NIR light from the LED through the same micro-droplet specimen to a vertically mounted discrete silicon photodiode. The effective absorption coefficient of carmine solution in glycerol at varying concentrations were extracted from the color ratio in optical coupling. By computing the LED-specific molar absorption coefficient of carmine, we estimate the concentration (0.040 mo/L) and validate the same with a commercial spectrophotometer (0.030 mol/L ). With a maximum observed sensitivity of 1260 /cm /mol L, the sensor is a significant step forward towards low-cost CMOS-integrated optical sensors with silicon LED as the light source intended for biochemical analyses in food sector and plant/human health.
description: IEEE Sensors 2020, 4 pages, 5 figures (https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9278700)
Lateral Control of a Vehicle Platoon
Creators: name: Mitchell, Samuel A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Multiple lateral control systems are analyzed for use in a vehicle platoon system. In order to ensure the safety of the vehicle platoon, the system must operate under three constraints: (1) accurate path following, (2) string stability, and (3) functionality in the presence of noise. Computer simulations are employed to analyze candidates according to the safety requirements. Actual vehicle kinematics and nonlinearities - limits on turn radius, velocity, and acceleration - are included in this analysis.
Successful control system candidates are implemented in a platoon of five differential-steer vehicles. The sensing and communication requirements of the control system are discussed. Experimental results are compared to the computer simulations. This analysis results in an implementation of a control system which functions according to the previously listed constraints.
Letter from H. E. Maddock at Maddock Bros. Ltd. to "Sirs" at The Rainbow Ranche Co., March 22, 1909
Creators: name: Maddock, H. E.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: Letter to "Sirs" at The Rainbow Ranche Co. from H. E. Maddock at Maddock Bros. Ltd., dated March 22, 1909, regarding the laying of laterals.
Towards the search for novel bioactive natural products from selected Basidiomycota and plant-associated Ascomycota
Creators: name: Matio, Blondelle
Publisher: name: The author
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fungi
Secondary metabolites
Endopyhtes
Basidiomycota
Neurotrophic
Antibiotics

description: PhD thesis of Blondelle Matio Kemkuignou funded by the DAAD
Brachytrupes calaharicus
Creators: name: Simeu-Noutchom, Alain
name: Heller, Klaus-Gerhard
name: Nyobe, Philene Corinne Aude Um
name: Kekeunou, Sevilor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Gryllidae
Brachytrupes
Brachytrupes calaharicus

description: Species Brachytrupes calaharicus (Karny, 1910) (Table 1)
Gymnogryllus calaharicus Karny, 1910: p. 44
Type material: lectotype female, Africa, Southern Africa, Botswana, Leclake-Lekutuku. MfN.
Description (Karny 1910, Otte 1988). Medium-sized, shiny, macropterous. Differs from B. testaceus in having a blackish pronotum, dark brown forewings, and dark brown hind legs. Head reddish brown on occiput and vertex, becoming black anteriorly, black between the lateral ocelli; median ocellus absent; forehead with depression behind interocular suture; clypeus strongly convex, black on the upper and pale on lower surface; mandibles with a strong vertical outer ridge; cheeks reddish brown. Pronotum blackish; dorsum with an undulating surface, with concave sides (dorsal view), front wider than rear. Dark brown forewings, extending beyond the end of the abdomen. Hind wings extending beyond ends of cerci. Front legs: femora and tibiae laterally compressed, with rows of long setae; tibiae with large outer and much smaller inner tympanum; apical spurs knife-like and concave on inner side. Middle legs: not as compressed as front legs, with shorter setae and relatively longer basal tarsomere. Hind legs: dark brown; femora narrow, 0.24 times longer than wide. Species very similar to B. testaceus.
description: Published as part of Simeu-Noutchom, Alain, Heller, Klaus-Gerhard, Nyobe, Philene Corinne Aude Um & Kekeunou, Sevilor, 2023, Taxonomy review of the genus Brachytrupes (Orthoptera: Gryllidae) with the description of a new species and key to the species, pp. 373-388 in Zootaxa 5336 (3) on page 376, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5336.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/8281577
Acculturation, construction of gender and social identity in a sample of Afghan immigrants in the U.S.
Creators: name: Talwar, Gitika
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014
Subjects: Acculturation
Afghan Diaspora
Afghanistan
Community Psychology
Gender
Sarbin social role theory

description: This qualitative study, informed by the phenomenological approach, was an effort to examine the post-migration experiences of Afghan immigrants in the United States.  Sarbin's social role theory framed the exploration of three processes: acculturation, construction of social identity and gender. Findings reveal that the three processes were not entirely distinct but influenced each other in important ways. Additionally, the pre-migration and post-migration factors shaped how they adapted within each of the four ecologies defined by Sarbin (1970). Furthermore, the sociopolitical context of relations between the United States and Afghanistan shaped the processes of acculturation, construction of gender and social identity of the participants.  The implications of these findings for future research and programs are discussed.
Structural Basis of HIV-1 Gag Membrane Targeting by The N-Terminal Matrix Domain
Creators: name: Mercredi, Peter Yves
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2014

description: Assembly of HIV-1 particles is initiated by the trafficking of viral Gag polyproteins from the cytoplasm to the plasma membrane (PM), where they co-localize and bud to form immature particles. Membrane targeting is mediated by the N-terminally myristylated matrix (MA) domain of Gag and is dependent on the PM marker phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate [PI(4,5)P2]. Conversely, the mechanism of trafficking Gag molecules to specific assembly sites is unclear. In addition to PI(4,5)P2 dependent targeting, cellular proteins TIP47 and AP-3δ have been implicated to bind MA for Gag trafficking to assembly sites. In an effort to investigate the structural basis of the proposed TIP47 and AP-3δ trafficking of MA, we conducted NMR titration experiments of recombinant TIP47 and AP-3δ with MA. Our data provide new information demonstrating that (1) AP-3δ does not interact with MA and (2) Tip47 binds MA, however, was not necessary for efficient Viral Env incorporation during viral assembly in vivo.  Previous in vitro membrane binding assays revealed that PI(4,5)P2 can influence membrane affinity in a concentration dependent manner. Structural studies using a water soluble form of PI(4,5)P2 [tr-PI(4,5)P2] revealed that tr-PI(4,5)P2 binds directly to MA with the 2'acyl chain unexpectedly interacting with a hydrophobic cleft on MA. This resulted in a proposed extended lipid-binding model for MA binding at the PM. Here we report that tr-PI(4,5)P2 binds non-discriminately to hydrophobic surface patches of proteins that do not bind membranes, including HIV-1 capsid (CA), which prompted us to examine MA interactions with native PI(4,5)P2 and other membrane constituents in the presence of membrane mimetic liposomes and bicelles. NMR titration experiments with detergent bicelles revealed a small subset of surface and myristate-associated residues that are sensitive to the presence of PI(4,5)P2, whereas cleft residues that bound the 2?-chains of tr-PI(4,5)P2 molecules in the absence of bicelles or liposomes were unperturbed by the addition of PI(4,5)P2. Our findings call to question extended-lipid MA:membrane binding models and suggest a targeting mechanism that includes a role for liquid disordered regions of the PM.