Microtus pennsylvanicus
Creators: name: Musser, Guy G.
name: Carleton, Michael D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Muridae
Microtus
Microtus pennsylvanicus

description: <i>Microtus pennsylvanicus</i> (Ord, 1815). <i>In</i> Guthrie, New Geogr., Hist., Commi., Grammar, Philadelphia, 2nd ed., 2:292. TYPE LOCALITY: USA, Pennsylvania, "meadows below Philadelphia." DISTRIBUTION: Meadowlands interspersed across boreal and mixed coniferous-deciduous biomes of North America: C Alaska to Labrador, including Newfoundland and Prince Edwards Island, Canada; south in Rocky Mountains to N New Mexico, in Great Plains to N Kansas, and in Appalachians to N Georgia, USA; isolated populations in W New Mexico and Florida, USA, and in N Chihuahua, Mexico. STATUS: U.S. ESA - Endangered as <i>M. p. dukecampbelli;</i> IUCN - Endangered as <i>M. p. chihuahuensis</i> and <i>M. p. dukecampbelli.</i> SYNONYMS: <i>acadicus, admiraltiae, alborufescens, alcorni, aphorodemus, arcticus, aztecus, chihuahuensis, copelandi, dekayi, drummondii, dukecampbelli, enixus, finitus, fontigenus, fulva, funebris, hirsutus, insperatus, kincaidi, labradorius, longipilis, magdalenensis, microcephalus, modestus, nasuta, nesophilus, nigrans, noveboracensis, oneida, palustris, pratensis, provectus, pullatus, rubidus, rufescens, rufidorsum, shattucki, stonei, tananaensis, terraenovae, uligocola, wahema.</i> COMMENTS: Subgenus <i>Mynomes, pennsylvanicus</i> species group <i>sensu</i> Zagorodnyuk (1990). Proposed as conspecific with Old World <i>M. agrestis</i> by Klimkiewicz (1970), but Gbanded chromosomal differences support their recognition as distinct species (Modi, 1987; Vorontsov and Lyapunova, 1986). Aside from the probable insular derivative <i>M. breweri</i> (see above account), <i>pennsylvanicus</i> may be closely related to <i>M. montanus</i> and <i>M. townsendii</i> among New World species (see Hooper and Hart, 1962; Modi, 1987; Moore and Janecek, 1990). Regional studies of variation undertaken (e.g., Anderson, 1956; Anderson and Hubbard, 1971; Weddle and Choate, 1983), but comprehensive review of entire species warranted. Insular form <i>provectus</i> relegated to subspecific status by Chamberlain (1954) and Moyer et al. (1988) and <i>nesophilus</i> by Jones et al. (1986). See Reich (1981, Mammalian Species, 159).
description: Published as part of <i>Guy G. Musser &amp; Michael D. Carleton, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Muridae, pp. 501-755 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press</i> on page 527, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353098
description: {"references": ["Zagorodnyuk, I. V. 1990. Kariotipicheskaya izmenchivost' i sistematika serykh polevok (Rodentia, Arvicolini). Soobshchenie 1. Vidovoi sostav i khromosomnye chisla [Karyotypic variability and systematics of the gray voles (Rodentia, Arvicolini). Communication 1. Species composition and chromosomal numbers]. Vestnik Zoologii, 2: 26 - 37 (in Russian).", "Klimkiewicz, M. K. 1970. The taxonomic status of the nominal species Microtus pennsylvanicus and Microtus agrestis (Rodentia: Cricetidae). Mammalia, 34: 640 - 655.", "Modi, W. S. 1987. Phylogenetic analyses of chromosomal banding patterns among the Nearctic Arvicolidae (Mammalia: Rodentia). Systematic Zoology, 36: 109 - 136.", "Vorontsov, N. N., and E. A. Lyapunova. 1986. Genetics and problems of Trans-Beringian connections of Holarctic mammals. Pp. 441 - 481, in Beringia in the Cenozoic Era (V. L. Kontrimavichus, ed.) [translation of Beringiya v Kainozoe, 1976]. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam, 724 pp.", "Hooper, E. T., and B. S. Hart. 1962. A synopsis of Recent North American microtine rodents. Miscellaneous Publications, Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 120: 1 - 68.", "Moore, D. W., and L. L. Janacek. 1990. Genic relationships among North American Microtus (Mammalia: Rodentia). Annals of Carnegie Museum, 59: 249 - 259.", "Anderson, S. 1956. Subspeciation in the meadow mouse, Microtus pennsylvanicus, in Wyoming, Colorado, and adjacent areas. University of Kansas Publications, Museum of Natural History, 9: 85 - 104.", "Anderson, S., and J. P. Hubbard. 1971. Notes on geographic variation of Microtus pennsylvanicus (Mammalia, Rodentia) in New Mexico and Chihuahua. American Museum Novitates, 2460: 1 - 8.", "Weddle, G. K., and J. R. Choate. 1983. Dental evolution of the meadow vole in mainland, peninsular, and insular environments in southern New England. Fort Hays Studies, n. s., 3: 1 - 23.", "Chamberlain, J. L. 1954. The Block Island meadow mouse, Microtus provectus. Journal of Mammalogy, 35: 587 - 588.", "Moyer, C. A., G. H. Adler, and R. H. Tamarin. 1988. Systematics of New England Microtus, with emphasis on Microtus breweri. Journal of Mammalogy, 69: 782 - 794.", "Jones, J. K., Jr., D. C. Carter, H. H. Genoways, R. S. Hoffman, D. W. Rice, and C. Jones. 1986. Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico. Occasional Papers, The Museum, Texas Tech University, 107: 1 - 22.", "Reich, L. M. 1981. Microtus pennsylvanicus. Mammalian Species, 159: 1 - 8."]}