cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Perturbations in Bouncing and Cyclic Models, a General Study
Creators: name: Biswas, Tirthabir
name: Mayes, Riley
name: Lattyak, Colleen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Being able to reliably track perturbations across bounces and turnarounds in cyclic and bouncing cosmology lies at the heart of being able to compare the predictions of these models with the Cosmic Microwave Background observations. This has been a challenging task due to the unknown nature of the physics involved during the bounce as well as the technical challenge of matching perturbations precisely between the expansion and contraction phases. In this paper, we will present general techniques (analytical and numerical) that can be applied to understand the physics of the fluctuations, especially those with "long" wavelengths, and test its validity in some simple bouncing/cyclic toy models where the physics is well understood. We will then apply our techniques to more interesting cosmological models such as the bounce inflation and cyclic inflation.
description: 21 pages, 12 figures
Towards a 'Thermodynamics' of Active Matter
Creators: name: Takatori, Sho C.
name: Brady, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-propulsion allows living systems to display unusual collective behavior. Unlike passive systems in thermal equilibrium, active matter systems are not constrained by conventional thermodynamic laws. A question arises however as to what extent, if any, can concepts from classical thermodynamics be applied to nonequilibrium systems like active matter. Here we use the new swim pressure perspective to develop a simple theory for predicting phase separation in active matter. Using purely mechanical arguments we generate a phase diagram with a spinodal and critical point, and define a nonequilibrium chemical potential to interpret the "binodal." We provide a generalization of thermodynamic concepts like the free energy and temperature for nonequilibrium active systems. Our theory agrees with existing simulation data both qualitatively and quantitatively and may provide a framework for understanding and predicting the behavior of nonequilibrium active systems.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Tunable Capacitor For Superconducting Qubits Using an InAs/InGaAs Heterostructure
Creators: name: Materise, Nicholas
name: Dartiailh, Matthieu C.
name: Strickland, William M.
name: Shabani, Javad
name: Kapit, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adoption of fast, parametric coupling elements has improved the performance of superconducting qubits, enabling recent demonstrations of quantum advantage in randomized sampling problems. The development of low loss, high contrast couplers is critical for scaling up these systems. We present a blueprint for a gate-tunable coupler realized with a two-dimensional electron gas in an InAs/InGaAs heterostructure. Rigorous numerical simulations of the semiconductor and high frequency electromagnetic behavior of the coupler and microwave circuitry yield an on/off ratio of more than one order of magnitude. We give an estimate of the dielectric-limited loss from the inclusion of the coupler in a two qubit system, with coupler coherences ranging from a few to tens of microseconds.
description: 25 pages, 7 figures
Rogue-wave solutions of a three-component coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation
Creators: name: Zhao, Li-Chen
name: Liu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate rogue-wave solutions in a three-component coupled nonlinear Schrodinger equation. With certain requirements on the backgrounds of components, we construct a multi-rogue-wave solution that exhibits a structure like a four-petaled flower in temporal-spatial distribution, in contrast to the eye-shaped structure in one-component or two-component systems. The results could be of interest in such diverse fields as Bose-Einstein condensates, nonlinear fibers, and superfluids.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Predicting article quality scores with machine learning: The UK Research Excellence Framework
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Kousha, Kayvan
name: Abdoli, Mahshid
name: Stuart, Emma
name: Makita, Meiko
name: Wilson, Paul
name: Levitt, Jonathan
name: Knoth, Petr
name: Cancellieri, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: National research evaluation initiatives and incentive schemes have previously chosen between simplistic quantitative indicators and time-consuming peer review, sometimes supported by bibliometrics. Here we assess whether artificial intelligence (AI) could provide a third alternative, estimating article quality using more multiple bibliometric and metadata inputs. We investigated this using provisional three-level REF2021 peer review scores for 84,966 articles submitted to the UK Research Excellence Framework 2021, matching a Scopus record 2014-18 and with a substantial abstract. We found that accuracy is highest in the medical and physical sciences Units of Assessment (UoAs) and economics, reaching 42% above the baseline (72% overall) in the best case. This is based on 1000 bibliometric inputs and half of the articles used for training in each UoA. Prediction accuracies above the baseline for the social science, mathematics, engineering, arts, and humanities UoAs were much lower or close to zero. The Random Forest Classifier (standard or ordinal) and Extreme Gradient Boosting Classifier algorithms performed best from the 32 tested. Accuracy was lower if UoAs were merged or replaced by Scopus broad categories. We increased accuracy with an active learning strategy and by selecting articles with higher prediction probabilities, as estimated by the algorithms, but this substantially reduced the number of scores predicted.
Wavelet Analysis as an Information Processing Technique
Creators: name: de Oliveira, H. M.
name: de Souza, D. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new interpretation for the wavelet analysis is reported, which can is viewed as an information processing technique. It was recently proposed that every basic wavelet could be associated with a proper probability density, allowing defining the entropy of a wavelet. Introducing now the concept of wavelet mutual information between a signal and an analysing wavelet fulfils the foundations of a wavelet information theory (WIT). Both continuous and discrete time signals are considered. Finally, we showed how to compute the information provided by a multiresolution analysis by means of the inhomogeneous wavelet expansion. Highlighting ideas behind the WIT are presented.
description: 6 pages, 6 tables, VI International Telecommunications Symposium (ITS2006), September 3-6, Fortaleza, Brazil
n-Dimensional Projective Varieties with the Action of an Abelian Group of Rank n-1
Creators: name: Zhang, De-Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32H50, 14J50, 32M05, 11G10, 37B40

description: Let X be a normal projective variety of dimension n > 2 admitting the action of the group G := Z^{n-1} such that every non-trivial element of G is of positive entropy. We show: `X is not rationally connected' ==> `X is G-equivariant birational to the quotient of a complex torus' <==> `K_X + D is pseudo-effective for some G-periodic effective fractional divisor D.' See Main Theorem 2.5. To apply, one uses the above and fact: `the Kodaira dimension of X is at least 0' ==> `X is not uniruled' ==> `X is not rationally connected.' We may generalize the result to the case of solvable G as in Remark 2.7.
description: Transactions of the American Mathematical Society (to appear)
Localized nonlinear waves in a two-mode nonlinear fiber
Creators: name: Zhao, Li-Chen
name: Liu, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that diverse nonlinear waves, such as soliton, Akhmediev breather, and rogue waves (RWs), can emerge and interplay with each other in a two-mode coupled system. It provides a good platform to study interaction between different kinds of nonlinear waves. In particular, we obtain dark RWs analytically for the first time in the coupled system, and find that two RWs can appear in the temporal-spatial distribution. Possible ways to observe these nonlinear waves are discussed.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
A Flexible Implementation of a Matrix Laurent Series-Based 16-Point Fast Fourier and Hartley Transforms
Creators: name: de Oliveira, R. C.
name: de Oliveira, H. M.
name: de Souza, R. M. Campello
name: Santos, E. J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper describes a flexible architecture for implementing a new fast computation of the discrete Fourier and Hartley transforms, which is based on a matrix Laurent series. The device calculates the transforms based on a single bit selection operator. The hardware structure and synthesis are presented, which handled a 16-point fast transform in 65 nsec, with a Xilinx SPARTAN 3E device.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. IEEE VI Southern Programmable Logic Conference 2010
Bayesian modeling of bacterial growth for multiple populations
Creators: name: Palacios, A. Paula
name: Marín, J. Miguel
name: Quinto, Emiliano J.
name: Wiper, Michael P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bacterial growth models are commonly used for the prediction of microbial safety and the shelf life of perishable foods. Growth is affected by several environmental factors such as temperature, acidity level and salt concentration. In this study, we develop two models to describe bacterial growth for multiple populations under both equal and different environmental conditions. First, a semi-parametric model based on the Gompertz equation is proposed. Assuming that the parameters of the Gompertz equation may vary in relation to the running conditions under which the experiment is performed, we use feedforward neural networks to model the influence of these environmental factors on the growth parameters. Second, we propose a more general model which does not assume any underlying parametric form for the growth function. Thus, we consider a neural network as a primary growth model which includes the influencing environmental factors as inputs to the network. One of the main disadvantages of neural networks models is that they are often very difficult to tune, which complicates fitting procedures. Here, we show that a simple Bayesian approach to fitting these models can be implemented via the software package WinBugs. Our approach is illustrated using real experimental Listeria monocytogenes growth data.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/14-AOAS720 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Quasi-periodic solutions for fully nonlinear forced reversible Schroedinger equations
Creators: name: Feola, Roberto
name: Procesi, Michela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we consider a class of fully nonlinear forced and reversible Schroedinger equations and prove existence and stability of quasi-periodic solutions. We use a Nash-Moser algorithm together with a reducibility theorem on the linearized operator in a neighborhood of zero. Due to the presence of the highest order derivatives in the non-linearity the classic KAM-reducibility argument fails and one needs to use a wider class of changes of variables such has diffeomorphisms of the torus and pseudo-differential operators. This procedure automtically produces a change of variables, well defined on the phase space of the equation, which diagonalizes the operator linearized at the solution. This gives the linear stability.
description: 47 pages, 1 figure
Fantastisches Storytelling oder das Floß der Medusa
Creators: name: Held, Laura
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
In which fields are citations indicators of research quality?
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Kousha, Kayvan
name: Abdoli, Mahshid
name: Stuart, Emma
name: Makita, Meiko
name: Wilson, Paul
name: Levitt, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Citation counts are widely used as indicators of research quality to support or replace human peer review and for lists of top cited papers, researchers, and institutions. Nevertheless, the relationship between citations and research quality is poorly evidenced. We report the first large-scale science-wide academic evaluation of the relationship between research quality and citations (field normalised citation counts), correlating them for 87,739 journal articles in 34 field-based UK Units of Assessment (UoAs). The two correlate positively in all academic fields, from very weak (0.1) to strong (0.5), reflecting broadly linear relationships in all fields. We give the first evidence that the correlations are positive even across the arts and humanities. The patterns are similar for the field classification schemes of Scopus and Dimensions.ai, although varying for some individual subjects and therefore more uncertain for these. We also show for the first time that no field has a citation threshold beyond which all articles are excellent quality, so lists of top cited articles are not pure collections of excellence, and neither is any top citation percentile indicator. Thus, whilst appropriately field normalised citations associate positively with research quality in all fields, they never perfectly reflect it, even at high values.
EVR-CB-004: An Inflated Hot Subdwarf O Star + Unseen WD Companion in a Compact Binary Discovered with the Evryscope
Creators: name: Marsh, T.R.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Bauer, E.
name: Corbett, H.T.
name: Heber, U.
name: Schneider, D.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Hämmerich, S.
name: Glazier, A.
name: Barlow, B.N.
name: Corcoran, K.A.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2020

description: We present the discovery of EVR-CB-004, a close binary with a remnant stellar core and an unseen white dwarf (WD) companion. The analysis in this work reveals that the primary is potentially an inflated hot subdwarf (sdO) and more likely is a rarer post-blue horizontal branch (post-BHB) star. Post-BHBs are the short-lived shell-burning final stage of a blue horizontal star or hot subdwarf before transitioning to a WD. This object was discovered using Evryscope photometric data in a southern all-sky hot subdwarf variability survey. The photometric light curve for EVR-CB-004 shows multicomponent variability from ellipsoidal deformation of the primary and Doppler boosting, as well as gravitational limb darkening. The binary EVR-CB-004 is one of just a handful of known systems and has a long period (6.08426 hr) and large-amplitude ellipsoidal modulation (16.0% change in brightness from maximum to minimum) for these extremely close binary systems, while the properties of the primary make it a truly unique system. It also shows a peculiar low-amplitude (less than 1%) sinusoidal light-curve variation with a period that is a 1/3 resonance of the binary period. We tentatively identify this additional variation source as a tidally induced resonant pulsation, and we suggest follow-up observations that could verify this interpretation. From the evolutionary state of the system, its components, and its mass fraction, EVR-CB-004 is a strong merger candidate to form a single high-mass (1.2 M o˙) WD. It offers a glimpse into a brief phase of remnant core evolution and secondary variation not seen before in a compact binary.
Mitochondrial barcoding leads to drastic overestimation of species diversity in an Iberian ant-eating spider: insights from genomic evidence
Creators: name: Ortiz, David
name: Stano Pekár
name: Bilat, Julia
name: Alvarez, Nadir
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary information of paper
SBNAF Infrared Database
Creators: name: Szakáts, Róbert
name: Müller, Thomas
name: Alí-Lagoa, Víctor
name: Marton, Gábor
name: Farkas-Takács, Anikó
name: Bányai, Eveliin
name: Kiss, Csaba
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: One of the goals of the Small Bodies: Near and Far (SBNAF) project was to create a database for thermal infrared observations of small bodies. We collected published thermal IR measurements for our selected samples of Solar System targets including data from large missions (e.g. catalogues based on Akari, IRAS and WISE observations) and also data from smaller scale and individual reductions (e.g. the Herschel Space Observatory measurements of near-Earth and main belt asteroids). A primary goal of this database is to help scientists working in the field of modeling the thermal emission of small bodies. However, the database has the option to include more data of Solar System small bodies which have been observed at thermal IR wavelengths from space or with ground-based instruments. Researchers who have infrared measurements can submit their published data to us and we can make it available in our database via our webpage, or VO tools.
EvryFlare. III. Temperature Evolution and Habitability Impacts of Dozens of Superflares Observed Simultaneously by Evryscope and TESS
Creators: name: Del Ser, D.
name: Haislip, J.
name: Corbett, H.
name: Galliher, N.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Glazier, A.L.
name: Soto, A.V.
name: Fors, O.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Gonzalez, R.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2020

description: Superflares may provide the dominant source of biologically relevant UV radiation to rocky habitable-zone M-dwarf planets (M-Earths), altering planetary atmospheres and conditions for surface life. The combined line and continuum flare emission has usually been approximated by a 9000 K blackbody. If superflares are hotter, then the UV emission may be 10 times higher than predicted from the optical. However, it is unknown for how long M-dwarf superflares reach temperatures above 9000 K. Only a handful of M-dwarf superflares have been recorded with multiwavelength high-cadence observations. We double the total number of events in the literature using simultaneous Evryscope and Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite observations to provide the first systematic exploration of the temperature evolution of M-dwarf superflares. We also increase the number of superflaring M dwarfs with published time-resolved blackbody evolution by ∼10×. We measure temperatures at 2 minutes cadence for 42 superflares from 27 K5-M5 dwarfs. We find superflare peak temperatures (defined as the mean of temperatures corresponding to flare FWHM) increase with flare energy and impulse. We find the amount of time flares emit at temperatures above 14,000 K depends on energy. We discover that 43% of the flares emit above 14,000 K, 23% emit above 20,000 K and 5% emit above 30,000 K. The largest and hottest flare briefly reached 42,000 K. Some do not reach 14,000 K. During superflares, we estimate M-Earths orbiting <200 Myr stars typically receive a top-of-atmosphere UV-C flux of ∼120 W m-2 and up to 103 W m-2, 100-1000 times the time-averaged X-ray and UV flux from Proxima Cen.
Measuring deformed neutron skin with free spectator nucleons in relativistic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Liu, Lu-Meng
name: Xu, Jun
name: Peng, Guang-Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutron skin in deformed nuclei is generally not uniformly distributed but has an angular distribution, depending on both the spin-dependent nuclear interaction and the nuclear symmetry energy. To extract the information of the deformed neutron skin, we have explored the possibility of using free spectator nucleons in central tip-tip and body-body collisions at top RHIC energy with four typical deformed nuclei. The density distributions of neutrons and protons are consistently obtained from the Skyrme-Hartree-Fock-Bogolyubov calculation, and the angular distribution of the neutron skin can be varied by adjusting the strength of the nuclear spin-orbit coupling. With the information of spectator nucleons obtained based on a Monte-Carlo Glauber model, the free spectator nucleons are generated from a multifragmentation process. By investigating the results from different systems and with different collision configurations, we found that although it is difficult to probe the deformed neutron skin in $^{96}$Zr and $^{238}$U by their collisions, it is promising to extract the polar angular distributions of the neutron skin in $^{96}$Ru and $^{197}$Au by comparing the yield ratios of free spectator neutrons to protons in their central tip-tip and body-body collisions. The proposed observables can be measured by dedicated zero-degree calorimeters in heavy-ion collision experiments that have been carried out in recent years by RHIC.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Beethoven – Bilder – Bibliotheken
Creators: name: Gegenmantel, Antje
name: Loest, Claudia
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
Is Research Funding Always Beneficial? A Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of UK Research 2014-20
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Kousha, Kayvan
name: Abdoli, Mahshid
name: Stuart, Emma
name: Makita, Meiko
name: Font-Julián, Cristina
name: Wilson, Paul
name: Levitt, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The search for and management of external funding now occupies much valuable researcher time. Whilst funding is essential for some types of research and beneficial for others, it may also constrain academic choice and creativity. Thus, it is important to assess whether it is ever detrimental or unnecessary. Here we investigate whether funded research tends to be higher quality in all fields and for all major research funders. Based on peer review quality scores for 113,877 articles from all fields in the UK's Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021, we estimate that there are substantial disciplinary differences in the proportion of funded journal articles, from Theology and Religious Studies (16%+) to Biological Sciences (91%+). The results suggest that funded research is likely to be higher quality overall, for all the largest research funders, and for all fields, even after factoring out research team size. There are differences between funders in the average quality of the research they support, however. Funding seems particularly beneficial in health-related fields. The results do not show cause and effect and do not take into account the amount of funding received but are consistent with funding either improving research quality or being won by high quality researchers or projects. In summary, there are no broad fields of research in which funding is irrelevant, so no fields can afford to ignore it. The results also show that citations are not effective proxies for research quality in the arts and humanities and most social sciences for evaluating research funding.
A Study of Mid-Infrared Sources that Dramatically Brightened
Creators: name: Onozato, Hiroki
name: Ita, Yoshifusa
name: Ono, Kenji
name: Fukagawa, Misato
name: Yanagisawa, Kenshi
name: Izumiura, Hideyuki
name: Nakada, Yoshikazu
name: Matsunaga, Noriyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of near-infrared photometric and spectroscopic observations of mid-infrared (MIR) sources that dramatically brightened. Using IRAS, AKARI, and WISE point source catalogs, we found that 4 sources (IRAS 19574+491, V2494 Cyg, IRAS 22343+7501, and V583 Cas) significantly brightened at MIR wavelengths over the 20-30 years of difference in observing times. Little is known about these sources except V2494 Cyg, which is considered a FU Orionis star. Our observation clearly resolves IRAS 22343+7501 into 4 stars (2MASS J22352345+7517076, 2MASS J22352442+7517037, [RD95] C, and 2MASS J22352497+7517113) and first JHKs photometric data for all 4 sources are obtained. Two of these stars (2MASS J22352442+7517037 and 2MASS J22352497+7517113) are known as T Tau stars. Our spectroscopic observation reveals that IRAS 19574+9441 is an M-type evolved star and V583 Cas is a carbon star. 2MASS J22352345+7517076 is probably a YSO, judging from our observation that it has featureless near-infrared (NIR) spectrum and also showed dramatic brightening in NIR (about 4 magnitudes in Ks-band). The possible reasons for dramatic brightening in MIR are discussed in this paper.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures
Organic Agroforestry at Red House Farm
Creators: name: Parsley, Stephen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: silvoarable; carbon sequestration; biodiversity

description: Stephen Parsley of Red House Farm in Cambridgeshire shares his journey down the agroforestry path with participants of the 2nd UK RAIN meeting of the Tress and Arable group on 15th February 2018 at Whitehall Farm.
title: Work, lifestyle and location: An exploratory study on the motivations of digital entrepreneurs
Creators: name: Bancilhon, Angela J
Publisher: name: Central Queensland University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Digital entrepreneur
Motivation
Future of work
Work-life balance
Flexibility
Push-pull theory

description: At the nexus of alternate ways of working and living, a new type of entrepreneur has emerged.  With varying degrees of flexibility over how, when and where they work, Digital Entrepreneurs (DEs) are a potentially significant breed of online business owner about which little is known. This thesis explores the motivations of DEs in creating their businesses, how they balance work with lifestyle domains and the role of location in their lives. Digital entrepreneurship is a highly topical yet under researched phenomenon. Employing a qualitative multiple case study research approach, semi-structured, in-depth interviews were conducted with thirty-six digital entrepreneurs in Australia and Bali. The aim of this approach was to gain insight into the subjective experience of DEs and a broader understanding of how they work and live. Motivational theories inform the study’s theoretical framework, with Push-Pull Theory being the most prominent. While a significant body of literature exists in relation to the motivations of traditional entrepreneurs, the digital landscape provides an alternative context for business ownership and allows a new degree of temporal and spatial flexibility.

Five key themes emerged from the research findings through thematic analysis of the data. Each of these five themes provide potentially significant insights into the DE phenomenon and they are discussed and explored in light  of relevant literature. These themes are synthesised into a model which presents the key motivational forces for digital entrepreneurship, informed by Push-Pull Theory, in the context of the digital landscape and broader economic and sociocultural environment. In view of DEs’ temporal flexibility, the findings provide insights as to the different approaches DEs take to balancing work with other life domains. Also presented are the work, lifestyle and community factors that emerged as significant for DEs in choosing where to base themselves. Further, in the absence of a widely accepted definition of the term “Digital Entrepreneur” this study proposes a definition based on the research findings. This research has practical implications for regional and tourist areas looking to attract DEs, for the coworking spaces that support them and for those considering digital entrepreneurship.
In which fields do higher impact journals publish higher quality articles?
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Kousha, Kayvan
name: Abdoli, Mahshid
name: Stuart, Emma
name: Makita, Meiko
name: Wilson, Paul
name: Levitt, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Journal Impact Factor and other indicators that assess the average citation rate of articles in a journal are consulted by many academics and research evaluators, despite initiatives against overreliance on them. Despite this, there is limited evidence about the extent to which journal impact indicators in any field relates to human judgements about the journals or their articles. In response, we compared average citation rates of journals against expert judgements of their articles in all fields of science. We used preliminary quality scores for 96,031 articles published 2014-18 from the UK Research Excellence Framework (REF) 2021. We show that whilst there is a positive correlation between expert judgements of article quality and average journal impact in all fields of science, it is very weak in many fields and is never strong. The strength of the correlation varies from 0.11 to 0.43 for the 27 broad fields of Scopus. The highest correlation for the 94 Scopus narrow fields with at least 750 articles was only 0.54, for Infectious Diseases, and there was only one negative correlation, for the mixed category Computer Science (all). The results suggest that the average citation impact of a Scopus-indexed journal is never completely irrelevant to the quality of an article, even though it is never a strong indicator of article quality.
Portal „Corvey digital“ – Ein Digitalisierungsprojekt an der Universitätsbibliothek Marburg
Creators: name: Maul, Alexander
name: Müller, Diana
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
Revisiting angular momentum conservation in transport simulations of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Liu, Rong-Jun
name: Xu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the well-calibrated IBUU transport model, we have studied the dynamical effect of incorporating rigorous angular momentum conservation in each collision of particles with homework setups. The constraint of the rigorous angular momentum conservation requires in-plane collisions and side jumps of particles after their collision. Since the option is not unique, we have compared two typical prescriptions with the original one. While the results depend quantitatively on the choice of the prescription, we found that the angular momentum conservation generally reduces local density fluctuations and thus the collision rate, and may have some influence on the density evolution, the collective flow, and even the pion production in transport simulations of intermediate-energy heavy-ion collisions.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures
Evryscope and K2 Constraints on TRAPPIST-1 Superflare Occurrence and Planetary Habitability
Creators: name: Del Ser, D.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
name: Glazier, A.L.
name: Fors, O.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Corbett, H.
Publisher: name: IOP Publishing Ltd
Year: 2020

description: The nearby ultracool dwarf TRAPPIST-1 possesses several Earth-sized terrestrial planets, three of which have equilibrium temperatures that may support liquid surface water, making it a compelling target for exoplanet characterization. TRAPPIST-1 is an active star with frequent flaring, with implications for the habitability of its planets. Superflares (stellar flares whose energy exceeds 1033 erg) can completely destroy the atmospheres of a cool star's planets, allowing ultraviolet radiation and high-energy particles to bombard their surfaces. However, ultracool dwarfs emit little ultraviolet flux when quiescent, raising the possibility of frequent flares being necessary for prebiotic chemistry that requires ultraviolet light. We combine Evryscope and Kepler observations to characterize the high-energy flare rate of TRAPPIST-1. The Evryscope is an array of 22 small telescopes imaging the entire Southern sky in g′ every two minutes. Evryscope observations, spanning 170 nights over 2 yr, complement the 80 day continuous short-cadence K2 observations by sampling TRAPPIST-1's long-term flare activity. We update TRAPPIST-1's superflare rate, finding a cumulative rate of superflares per year. We calculate the flare rate necessary to deplete ozone in the habitable-zone planets' atmospheres, and find that TRAPPIST-1's flare rate is insufficient to deplete ozone if present on its planets. In addition, we calculate the flare rate needed to provide enough ultraviolet flux to power prebiotic chemistry. We find TRAPPIST-1's flare rate is likely insufficient to catalyze some of the Earthlike chemical pathways thought to lead to ribonucleic acid synthesis, and flux due to flares in the biologically relevant UV-B band is orders of magnitude less for any TRAPPIST-1 planet than has been experienced by Earth at any time in its history.
PEPX-type lattice design and optimization for the High Energy Photon Source
Creators: name: Jiao, Yi
name: Xu, Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new generation of storage ring-based light source, called diffraction-limited storage ring (DLSR), with the emittance approaching the diffraction limit for multi-keV photons by using the multi-bend achromat lattice, has attracted worldwide and extensive studies of several laboratories, and been seriously considered as a goal of upgrading the existing facilities in the imminent future. Among various DLSR proposals, the PEPX design based on the third-order achromat concept and with the special design of a high-beta injection straight section demonstrated that, it is feasible to achieve sufficient ring acceptance for off-axis injection in a DLSR. For the High Energy Photon Source planned to be built in Beijing, PEPX-type lattice has been designed and continuously improved. In this paper, we report the evolution of the PEPX-type design, and discuss the main issues relevant to the linear optics design and nonlinear optimization.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, submitted to Chinese Physics C
Why are co-authored academic articles more cited: Higher quality or larger audience?
Creators: name: Thelwall, Mike
name: Kousha, Kayvan
name: Abdoli, Mahshid
name: Stuart, Emma
name: Makita, Meiko
name: Wilson, Paul
name: Levitt, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Co-authored articles tend to be more cited in many academic fields, but is this because they tend to be higher quality or is it an audience effect: increased awareness through multiple author networks? We address this unknown with the largest investigation yet into whether author numbers associate with research quality, using expert peer quality judgements for 122,331 non-review journal articles submitted by UK academics for the 2014-20 national assessment process. Spearman correlations between the number of authors and the quality scores show moderately strong positive associations (0.2-0.4) in the health, life, and physical sciences, but weak or no positive associations in engineering, and social sciences. In contrast, we found little or no association in the arts and humanities, and a possible negative association for decision sciences. This gives reasonably conclusive evidence that greater numbers of authors associates with higher quality journal articles in the majority of academia outside the arts and humanities, at least for the UK. Positive associations between team size and citation counts in areas with little association between team size and quality also show that audience effects or other non-quality factors account for the higher citation rates of co-authored articles in some fields.
How random are random numbers generated using photons?
Creators: name: Solis, Aldo
name: Martinez, Alí M. Angulo
name: Alarcón, Roberto Ramírez
name: Ramírez, Hector Cruz
name: U'Ren, Alfred B.
name: Hirsch, Jorge G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Randomness is fundamental in quantum theory, with many philosophical and practical implications. In this paper we discuss the concept of algorithmic randomness, which provides a quantitative method to assess the Borel normality of a given sequence of numbers, a necessary condition for it to be considered random. We use Borel normality as a tool to investigate the randomness of ten sequences of bits generated from the differences between detection times of photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric downconversion. These sequences are shown to fulfil the randomness criteria without difficulties. As deviations from Borel normality for photon-generated random number sequences have been reported in previous work, a strategy to understand these diverging findings is outlined.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. To appear in Physica Scripta as an invited Article
REEEM-MS3_First version of Integrated Energy System Model developed Model documentation and test results for TIMES PanEU
Creators: name: REEEM Project
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The current report constitutes a milestone of the REEEM project. It aims at providing a first version of the Integrated Energy System Model, which is developed within the project. The report includes a model documentation for the European energy system model TIMES PanEU and some results for the Pilot exercise.
Comparing Voting Districts with Uncertain Data Envelopment Analysis
Creators: name: Garner, Casey
name: Holder, Allen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 90C99 (Primary) 90-04, 90-08 (Secondary)

description: Gerrymandering voting districts is one of the most salient concerns of contemporary American society, and the creation of new voting maps, along with their subsequent legal challenges, speaks for much of our modern political discourse. The legal, societal, and political debate over serviceable voting districts demands a concept of fairness, which is a loosely characterized, but amorphous, concept that has evaded precise definition. We advance a new paradigm to compare voting maps that avoids the pitfalls associated with an a priori metric being used to uniformly assess maps. Our evaluative method instead shows how to use uncertain data envelopment analysis to assess maps on a variety of metrics, a tactic that permits each district to be assessed separately and optimally. We test our methodology on a collection of proposed and publicly available maps to illustrate our assessment strategy.
description: 24 pages, 2 figures
Visualizing kinetic pathways of homogeneous nucleation in colloidal crystallization
Creators: name: Tan, Peng
name: Xu, Ning
name: Xu, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a system undergoes a transition from a liquid to a solid phase, it passes through multiple intermediate structures before reaching the final state. However, our knowledge on the exact pathways of this process is limited, mainly due to the difficulty of realizing direct observations. Here, we experimentally study the evolution of symmetry and density for various colloidal systems during liquid-to-solid phase transitions, and visualize kinetic pathways with single-particle resolution. We observe the formation of relatively-ordered precursor structures with different symmetries, which then convert into metastable solids. During this conversion, two major cross-symmetry pathways always occur, regardless of the final state and the interaction potential. In addition, we find a broad decoupling of density variation and symmetry development, and discover that nucleation rarely starts from the densest regions. These findings hold for all our samples, suggesting the possibility of finding a unified picture for the complex crystallization kinetics in colloidal systems.
‘Laughing ourselves out of the closet’: comedy as a queer pedagogical form
Creators: name: Henry, Sean
name: Bryan, Audrey
name: NEARY, AOIFE
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: Education

description: This paper explores comedy as a queer pedagogical form that subverts problematic representational tropes of queerness pervading mainstream depictions of queer experience. Articulating ‘form’ less as a fixed arrangement of characters, images, objects, and ideas, and more as a kind of formation that positions these in dynamic relation to the wider context in which comedies are encountered, we mobilise the idea of queer pedagogical forms to capture how comedy can foster new modes of thinking about and embodying queerness for, and with, audiences. Drawing on specific examples from Schitt’s Creek and Derry Girls, we document the potential of specific comedic modalities (e.g. irony, sarcasm, irreverence, and slapstick) to foster alternative representations of queerness, in which normative tropes are poked fun at, problematised, and reimagined. Through these examples, we demonstrate how comedies can enable us to ‘laugh our-selves out of the closets’ we live by, feel, navigate, and embody.
Spatio-Temporal Context Modeling for Road Obstacle Detection
Creators: name: Wu, Xiuen
name: Wang, Tao
name: Liang, Lingyu
name: Li, Zuoyong
name: Ching, Fum Yew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Road obstacle detection is an important problem for vehicle driving safety. In this paper, we aim to obtain robust road obstacle detection based on spatio-temporal context modeling. Firstly, a data-driven spatial context model of the driving scene is constructed with the layouts of the training data. Then, obstacles in the input image are detected via the state-of-the-art object detection algorithms, and the results are combined with the generated scene layout. In addition, to further improve the performance and robustness, temporal information in the image sequence is taken into consideration, and the optical flow is obtained in the vicinity of the detected objects to track the obstacles across neighboring frames. Qualitative and quantitative experiments were conducted on the Small Obstacle Detection (SOD) dataset and the Lost and Found dataset. The results indicate that our method with spatio-temporal context modeling is superior to existing methods for road obstacle detection.
description: Paper accepted by the 4th International Conference on Machine Learning for Cyber Security (ML4CS 2022), Guangzhou, China
Zwischen Öffnung, Erforschung und Konservierung
Creators: name: Knop, Matthias
name: Ochs, Thomas
Publisher: name: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek
Year: 2024

description: AKMB-news: Informationen zu Kunst, Museum und Bibliothek, Bd. 29 Nr. 1 (2023): AKMB-news
Multiwavelength Photometry and Progenitor Analysis of the Nova V906 Car
Creators: name: Facey, J.P.
name: Horiuchi, T.
name: Penprase, B.E.
name: Kupfer, T.
name: Barlow, B.N.
name: Chavez, R.G.
name: Glazier, A.
name: Morioka, T.
name: Corbett, H.
name: Law, N.M.
name: Soto, A.V.
name: Howard, W.S.
name: Blagorodnova, N.
name: Wee, J.
name: Ratzloff, J.K.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2020

description: We present optical and infrared photometry of the classical nova V906 Car, also known as Nova Car 2018 and ASASSN-18fv, which was discovered by the All-Sky Automated Survey for SuperNovae (ASAS-SN) on 2018 March 16.32 UT (MJD 58193.0). The nova reached its maximum on MJD 58222.56 at V max = 5.84 ± 0.09 mag, and had decline times of t2, v = 26.2 days and t3, v = 33.0 days. The data from Evryscope shows that the nova had already brightened to g' ≈ 13 mag five days before discovery, as compared with its quiescent magnitude of g = 20.13 ± 0.03. The extinction toward the nova, as derived from high-resolution spectroscopy, shows an estimate consistent with foreground extinction to the Carina Nebula of Av=1.11+0.54-0.39. The light curve resembles a rare C (cusp) class nova with a steep decline slope of α =-3.94 post-cusp flare. From the light-curve decline rate, we estimate the mass of the white dwarf to be M WD = <0.8M o˙, consistent with MWD = 0.71+0.23-0.19 derived from modeling the accretion disk of the system in quiescence. The donor star is likely a K-M dwarf of 0.23-0.43 Mo˙, which is heated by its companion.