cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Μετρητής πυρομαχικών τυφεκίου
Creators: name: Μαμμας Αντωνιος
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Μελέτες έχουν δείξει ότι, η εξέλιξη των όπλων τείνει να κάνει τις μάχες να διαρκούν λιγότερο και την έντασή τους να αυξάνει. Επίσης έχει αποδειχθεί ότι ένας έμπειρος μαχητής είναι δυνατόν με εκπαίδευση να συνηθίσει να μετρά σχεδόν ασυναίσθητα πόσες σφαίρες βάλλει, αλλά όχι με πλήρη ακρίβεια, και φυσικά είναι αδύνατον να μετρήσει όταν βάλλει κατά ριπάς. Επιπλέον, η χρήση όπλων με δυνατότητες βολής κατά ριπάς φέρνει στο προσκήνιο την απαίτηση να γνωρίζει ο επικεφαλής της ομάδας, αλλά και ο μαχητής, πόσα πυρομαχικά του απομένουν, έτσι ώστε να υπάρχει πλήρης έλεγχος της στάθμης των πυρομαχικών.
Η παρούσα μεταπτυχιακή διατριβή έχει ως στόχο τη μελέτη, σχεδίαση και ανάπτυξη ενός μετρητή πυρομαχικών τυφεκίου. Αυτή τη στιγμή δεν υφίσταται κάποιο σύστημα που να χρησιμοποιείται από τις χερσαίες δυνάμεις των προηγμένων χωρών. Η κύρια ιδέα της εργασίας είναι η ανάπτυξη μιας μικρής ηλεκτρονικής συσκευής, η οποία προσαρμόζεται επί του τυφεκίου. Η συσκευή θα χρησιμοποιεί κατάλληλο αισθητήρα (Hall – Effect Sensor) για να «αντιλαμβάνεται» πότε ένα φυσίγγιο εισέρχεται στη θαλάμη και πυροδοτείται. Επίσης θα διαθέτει οπτική ένδειξη, ρυθμιζόμενη ανάλογα με τη χωρητικότητα του γεμιστήρα και ασύρματη επικοινωνία μικρής εμβέλειας μέσω «Bluetooth», ώστε να μεταδίδει τις ενδείξεις σε κάποιο «Personal Assistant» ή παρόμοια φορητή συσκευή που παρακολουθεί το απόθεμα των πυρομαχικών.
Τέλος στην εργασία αναπτύσσονται οι θεωρίες του Αυτομάτου Ελέγχου, των Αισθητήρων και του Φαινομένου Hall Effect, ενώ το πειραματικό μέρος της, περιλαμβάνει το υλικό, τις προδιαγραφές, τις ηλεκτρονικές διατάξεις και τον κώδικα του μετρητή και της εφαρμογής Android.
Astrophysical Constraints on the scale of Left-Right Symmetry in Inverse Seesaw Models
Creators: name: Borah, Debasish
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit the recently studied supersymmetric gauged inverse seesaw model (An et al., 2012) to incorporate astrophysical constraints on lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP) lifetime such that LSP constitutes the dark matter of the Universe. The authors in An et al. (2012) considered light sneutrino LSP that can play the role of inelastic dark matter (iDM) such that desired iDM mass splitting and tiny Majorana masses of neutrinos can have a common origin. Here we consider a generalized version of this model without any additional discrete symmetry. We point out that due to spontaneous R-parity $(R_p = (-1)^{3(B-L)+2s})$ breaking in such generic supersymmetric gauged inverse seesaw models, LSP can not be perfectly stable but decays to standard model particles after non-renormalizable operators allowed by the gauge symmetry are introduced. We show that strong astrophysical constraints on LSP lifetime makes sneutrino dark matter more natural than standard neutralino dark matter. We also show that long-livedness of sneutrino dark matter constrains the left right symmetry breaking scale $M_R < 10^4 GeV$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, Journal Version
title: Prisoners of War (Australia)
title: Prisoners of War (Australia)
Creators: name: Pegram, Aaron
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsgefangener
subject: o.P. Australien
subject: Prisoners of war
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Australia

description: Prisoners of war are central to the public memory of Australian involvement in the Second World War, but very little historical scholarship has been dedicated to the national experience of captivity in the First World War. This is partly because only a minority of Australians actually endured captivity in the First World War. This article gives an overview of the capture and imprisonment of 4,044 members of the Australian Imperial Force (AIF) by German and Ottoman Turkish forces in the First World War.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Dynamical regimes in a class A model of a nonlinear mirror mode-locked laser
Creators: name: Vladimirov, Andrei G.
name: Kovalev, Anton V.
name: Viktorov, Evgeny A.
name: Rebrova, Natalia
name: Huyet, ##!Error: Attribute  Unknown!##
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nonlinear mirror mode-locked lasers
subject: delay differential equations
subject: stability analysis
subject: modulational instability
subject: square waves
subject: cavity solitons
subject: 78A60
subject: 78M35
subject: 42.65.Sf
subject: 42.65.Re
subject: 42.60.Fc

description: Using a simple delay differential equation model we study theoretically the dynamics of a unidirectional class-A ring laser with a nonlinear amplifying loop mirror. We perform analytical linear stability analysis of the CW regimes in the large delay limit and demonstrate that these regimes can be destabilized via modulational and Turing-type instabilities, as well as by a bifurcation leading to the appearance of square-waves. We investigate the formation of square-waves and mode-locked pulses in the system. We show that mode-locked pulses are very asymmetric with exponential decay of the trailing and superexponential growth of the leading edge. We discuss asymmetric interaction of these pulses leading to a formation of harmonic mode-locked regimes.
title: Национальная и социальная безопасность в условиях цифровизации
Creators: name: ELS IPR BOOKS
Publisher: name: Северо-Кавказский федеральный университет
Year: 2023

description: Практикум представляет собой составную часть учебно-методического комплекса дисциплины «Национальная и социальная безопасность в условиях цифровизации», разработанного в соответствии с требованиями ФГОС ВО и СУОС ВО; включает семь тем для практических занятий, каждая из которых содержит теоретический материал, вопросы и задания и литературу. Предназначен для студентов магистратуры, обучающихся по направлениям подготовки 39.04.01 Социология и 47.04.01 Философия.
Geoscience Australia Community Metadata Profile of ISO 19115-1:2014
Creators: name: Bastrakova, I.V.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2018
Subjects: Data Standard

description: The International Standard ISO 19115-1:2014 (Geographic information  Metadata) defines more than 300 metadata elements, with most of these being listed as Optional. The ISO standard states that individual communities may develop a Profile of the International Standard. The conditionality of a select set of metadata elements may be raised but never reduced for a set of users  optional -> conditional or mandatory but never the other way. A community may also want to establish additional metadata elements that are not in the International Standard. A profile should establish domains for all metadata elements. The rules for creating profiles are described in the International Standard Geographic Information  Profiles (ISO 19106:2004). ISO 19106 stipulates particular terminology that must be used when any variation is made to a Standard, namely referring to changes as an Extension. It should be noted that there are no new elements in the GA Metadata Profile when compared to the ISO 19115-1:2014. The obligation levels of 18 elements from ISO 19115-1:2014 have been changed, and according to ISO 19106, they form an extension to ISO 19115-1:2014. Codelists for two elements have been extended with additional values, and two elements that are free text in the base ISO 19115-1:2014 standard have been constrained by new codelists.  This document highlights all mandatory and conditional packages/entities from ISO 19115-1:2014 necessary to fulfil GA business requirements.  All other entities and packages remain available and can be used as required to describe GA products and datasets.  The other entities and packages have to be used as defined by ISO 19115-1:2014.
A Variable Star Census in a Perseus Field
Creators: name: Pasternacki, T.
name: Csizmadia, Sz.
name: Cabrera, J.
name: Eigmueller, P.
name: Erikson, A.
name: Fruth, T.
name: von Paris, P.
name: Rauer, H.
name: Titz, R.
name: Eisloeffel, J.
name: Hatzes, A.
name: Boer, M.
name: Tournois, G.
name: Kabath, P.
name: Hedelt, P.
name: Voss, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Berlin Exoplanet Search Telescope is a small-aperture, wide-field telescope dedicated to time-series photometric observations. During an initial commissioning phase at the Thueringer Landessternwarte Tautenburg, Germany, and subsequent operations at the Observatoire de Haute-Provence, France, a 3.1 ° x 3.1 ° circumpolar field close to the galactic plane centered at (α, δ) = (02h 39m 23s, +52° 01' 46") (J 2000.0) was observed between 2001 August and 2006 December during 52 nights. From the 32129 stars observed, a subsample of 145 stars with clear stellar variability was detected out of which 125 are newly identified variable objects. For five bright objects, the system parameters were derived by modeling the light curve.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables
Comparing the Performance of Alternative Exchange Arrangements
Creators: name: McKibbin, Warwick J.
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1986
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: The volatility of the world economy since the breakdown of the Bretton Woods par value system of exchange rates has led many policymakers and economists to call for reform of the international monetary system. Many critics of the current "non-system" call for tighter international rules of the game in macroeconomic policy making. The proposed systems cover a wide spectrum of measures including maintaining the current flexible exchange rate system but with increased consultations between the major economies; a "target zone" system as advocated by John Williamson; or a full return to a system of fixed exchange rates as advocated by Ronald McKinnon This paper presents and applies a methodology useful for studying the operating characteristics of a number of alternative monetary arrangements using a large-scale simulation model of the world economy. We consider the performance of the regimes when policymakers do or do not observe the shocks, and when policymakers infer the shocks using an optimal filtering rule. Although the results are model specific and at best illustrative of the issues involved, the approach does have the advantage of providing a richer framework of analysis than is possible in simple models of international interdependence.
From spatial planning to built-up land expansion : plan evaluation in southeastern China
Creators: name: He, Zhichao
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 900

description: The increasing impacts of built-up land expansion on sustainable development have heightened the use of spatial planning as a policy tool to contain built-up land expansion across the world. However, rapid expansion of built-up land is widespread and often does not follow established spatial planning. In the dissertation, I first employed quasi-experimental methods to evaluate causal effects of spatial planning in built-up land expansion and employed spatial autoregressive models to estimate peer effects on non-conforming built-up land expansion in southeastern China. Two key findings are that more built-up land would have expanded at the absence of spatial planning and the peer effects facilitated non-conforming built-up land expansion. This dissertation improves better understanding of the contribution of spatial planning to land use changes. I recommend wider applications of causal inference in plan evaluation and closer examination on non-conforming built-up land expansion.
description: Die zunehmenden Auswirkungen der Ausdehnung bebauter Flächen auf die nachhaltige Entwicklung haben den Einsatz der Raumplanung als politisches Instrument zur Eindämmung der Ausdehnung bebauter Flächen in der ganzen Welt verstärkt. Die rasche Ausdehnung von bebautem Land ist jedoch weit verbreitet und folgt oft nicht der etablierten Raumplanung. In der Dissertation habe ich zunächst quasi-experimentelle Methoden angewandt, um die kausalen Auswirkungen der Raumplanung auf die Ausdehnung von bebautem Land zu bewerten, und räumliche autoregressive Modelle verwendet, um die Auswirkungen auf die nicht konforme Ausdehnung von bebautem Land im Südosten Chinas zu schätzen. Zwei wichtige Ergebnisse sind, dass ohne Raumplanung mehr bebautes Land ausgeweitet worden wäre und dass die Peer-Effekte die nicht-konforme Ausdehnung von bebautem Land erleichtert haben. Diese Dissertation trägt zu einem besseren Verständnis des Beitrags der Raumplanung zu Landnutzungsänderungen bei. Ich empfehle eine breitere Anwendung von Kausalschlüssen bei der Bewertung von Plänen und eine genauere Untersuchung der nicht-konformen Ausdehnung von bebautem Land.
Measurement of the Production Cross Section for Pairs of Isolated Photons in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The integrated and differential cross sections for the production of pairs of isolated photons is measured in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the CMS detector at the LHC. A data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns is analysed. A next-to-leading-order perturbative QCD calculation is compared to the measurements. A discrepancy is observed for regions of the phase space where the two photons have an azimuthal angle difference, Delta(phi), less than approximately 2.8.
Geoscience Australia Community Metadata Profile of ISO 19115:2005 version 1.0
Creators: name: Bastrakova, I.V.
Publisher: name: Commonwealth of Australia (Geoscience Australia)
Year: 2013
Subjects: standards

description: This document defines a Geoscience Australia Metadata Profile version 1.0 Extension to ANZLIC, ISO 19115:2005, referred to as the GA Profile, and identifies the metadata required to accurately describe GA resources. The GA Profile is designed to support the documentation and discovery of GA datasets and other resources, recognising the data management and sharing requirements within the agency.
Tropical Underdevelopment
Creators: name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Geography

description: Most recent cross-country analyses of economic growth have neglected the importance of physical geography. This paper reviews the distinctive development challenges faced by economies situated in tropical climates. Using geographic information system (GIS) mapping, the paper presents evidence that production technology in the tropics has lagged behind temperate zone technology in the two critical areas of agriculture and health, and this in turn opened a substantial income gap between climate zones. The difficulty of mobilizing energy resources in tropical economies is emphasized as another significant contributor to the income gap. These factors have been amplified by geopolitical power imbalances and by the difficulty of applying temperate-zone technological advances in the tropical setting. The income gap has also been amplified because poor public health and weak agricultural technology in the tropics have combined to slow the demographic transition from high fertility and mortality rates to low fertility and mortality rates. The analysis suggests that economic development in tropical ecozones would benefit from a concerted international effort to develop health and agricultural technologies specific to the needs of the tropical economies.
The mixing of $D_{s1}(2460)$ and $D_{s1}(2536)$
Creators: name: Wu, Xiao-Gang
name: Zhao, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mixing mechanism of axial-vectors $D_{s1}(2460)$ and $D_{s1}(2536)$ is studied via intermediate hadron loops, e.g. $D^* K$, to which both states have strong couplings. By constructing the two-state mixing propagator matrix that respects the unitarity constraint and calculating the vertex coupling form factors in a chiral quark model, we can extract the masses, widths and mixing angles of the physical states. Two poles can be identified in the propagator matrix. One is at $\sqrt{s}=2454.5 \ \textrm{MeV}$ corresponding to $D_{s1}(2460)$ and the other at $\sqrt{s}=(2544.9-1.0i) \ \textrm{MeV}$ corresponding to $D_{s1}(2536)$. For $D_{s1}(2460)$, a large mixing angle $θ=47.5^\circ$ between ${}^3P_1$ and ${}^1P_1$ is obtained. It is driven by the real part of the mixing matrix element and corresponds to $θ'=12.3^\circ$ between the $j=1/2$ and $j=3/2$ state mixing in the heavy quark limit. For $D_{s1}(2536)$, a mixing angle $θ=39.7^\circ$ which corresponds to $θ'=4.4^\circ$ in the heavy quark limit is found. An additional phase angle $ϕ=-6.9^\circ \sim 6.9^\circ$ is needed at the pole mass of $D_{s1}(2536)$ since the mixing matrix elements are complex numbers. Both the real and imaginary part are found important for the large mixing angle. We show that the new experimental data from BaBar provide a strong constraint on the mixing angle at the mass of $D_{s1}(2536)$, from which two values can be extracted, i.e. $θ_1=32.1^\circ$ or $θ_2=38.4^\circ$. Our study agrees well with the latter one. Detailed analysis of the mass shift procedure due to the coupled channel effects is also presented.
description: Revtex, 16 pages and 15 eps figures, Phys. Rev. D. in press
title: War Finance (Portugal)
title: War Finance (Portugal)
Creators: name: Amaral, Luciano
name: Silva, Álvaro Da
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Portugal
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Kriegsfinanzierung
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Portugal
subject: War finance

description: Portugal financed the extraordinary expenditures of the First World War in the same way as many other countries, i.e. running budgetary deficits, issuing debt, and printing money. By the end of the war, all nations were facing the same dilemma - they could either adopt a deflationary monetary policy or embark on a fairly aggressive policy of currency devaluation. Due to political weakness, successive Portuguese governments accepted the latter. This inflationary policy penalized mostly private savings and the share of the population relying on fixed incomes, but it also slowed down the contraction of the economy.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Compressive Fluorescence Microscopy for Biological and Hyperspectral Imaging
Creators: name: Studer, Vincent
name: Bobin, Jerome
name: Chahid, Makhlad
name: Mousavi, S. Hamed Shams
name: Candes, Emmanuel
name: Dahan, Maxime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mathematical theory of compressed sensing (CS) asserts that one can acquire signals from measurements whose rate is much lower than the total bandwidth. Whereas the CS theory is now well developed, challenges concerning hardware implementations of CS-based acquisition devices---especially in optics---have only started being addressed. This paper presents an implementation of compressive sensing in fluorescence microscopy and its applications to biomedical imaging. Our CS microscope combines a dynamic structured wide-field illumination and a fast and sensitive single-point fluorescence detection to enable reconstructions of images of fluorescent beads, cells and tissues with undersampling ratios (between the number of pixels and number of measurements) up to 32. We further demonstrate a hyperspectral mode and record images with 128 spectral channels and undersampling ratios up to 64, illustrating the potential benefits of CS acquisition for higher dimensional signals which typically exhibits extreme redundancy. Altogether, our results emphasize the interest of CS schemes for acquisition at a significantly reduced rate and point out to some remaining challenges for CS fluorescence microscopy.
description: Submitted to Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Intra- and interindividual differences and the interpersonal perception of dispositions toward ridicule and being laughed at
Creators: name: Brauer, Kay
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 152

description: Gelotophobie (Angst vor dem ausgelacht werden), Gelotophilie (Freude, ausgelacht zu werden) und Katagelastizismus (Freude, andere auszulachen) beschreiben interindividuelle Unterschiede im Umgang mit Lachen und ausgelacht werden. Hier wurde deren Rolle in zwischenmenschlichen Beziehungen untersucht. In Studie I wurde die Akkuratheit von Beurteilungen aufgrund kurzer Selbstbeschreibungen untersucht. Es fand sich robustes agreement zwischen Beurteilenden (intra-judge; self-other) und mit Verhaltensratings (Tagebuchdaten) in zwei Studien (N = 218 & 132). Studie II untersuchte die intra- und interpersonellen Zusammenhänge der Dispositionen mit Beziehungszufriedenheit in 154 Paaren. Außerdem wurden romantische Bindungsstile (Studien IIIa [247 Individuen und 154 Paare] und IIIb [531 Individuen]) sowie Eifersucht untersucht (Studie IV; 228 Paare). Die Befunde weisen auf differentielle Zusammenhänge und die Wichtigkeit von Lachen in Beziehungen hin. Implikationen werden diskutiert.
description: How people deal with ridicule and being laughed at is described by individual differences in gelotophobia (fear of being laughed at), gelotophilia (joy in being laughed at), and katagelasticism (joy in laughing at others). This thesis examined their role in interpersonal relationships. In Study I, I tested whether the dispositions can be accurately perceived by strangers from short textual self-descriptions. There was robust agreement among judges and with self-reports and diary data across two studies (N = 218 & 132). Study II examined the intra- and interpersonal associations between the dispositions and indicators of relationship satisfaction among 154 couples. Finally, I examined romantic attachment (Studies IIIa [247 individuals and 154 couples] and IIIb [531 individuals]) and romantic jealousy (Study IV; 228 couples). I found that each disposition relates differently and uniquely with relationship indicators. Implications are discussed.
International Policy Coordination in Dynamic Macroeconomic Models
Creators: name: Oudiz, Gilles
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics

description: Recent analyses of the gains to policy coordination have focused on the strategic aspects of macroeconomic policy making in a static setting. A major theme is that noncooperative policy making is likely to be Pareto inefficient because of the presence of beggar-thy-neighbor policies. This paper extends the analysis to a dynamic setting, thereby introducing three important points of realism to the static game. First, the payoffs to beggar-thy-neighbor policies look very different in one-period and multiperiod games, and thus so do the gains to coordination. Second, we show that policy coordination may reduce economic welfare if governments are myopic in their policy making, as is sometimes claimed. Third, governments act under a fundamental constraint that they cannot bind the actions of later governments, and we investigate how this constraint alters the gains to policy coordination.
title: Brazilian Naval Division for War Operations (DNOG)
title: Brazilian Naval Division for War Operations (DNOG)
Creators: name: Luna, Cristina
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Brasilien
subject: Marine
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918--Naval operations
subject: Brazil

description: Created some months after Brazil's declaration of war against Germany, the Naval Division for War Operations (''Divisão Naval em Operações de Guerra'' – DNOG), active between May and November of 1918, consisted of a mission whose objective was to patrol the African west coast and guard against German submarine attacks.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
Gravitational Instability in a Planet-Forming Disk
Creators: name: Speedie, Jessica
name: Dong, Ruobing
name: Hall, Cassandra
name: Longarini, Cristiano
name: Veronesi, Bennedetta
name: Paneque-Carreno, Teresa
name: Lodato, Guiseppe
name: Tang, Ya-Wen
name: Teague, Richard
name: Hashimoto, Jun
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: If a protoplanetary disk is sufficiently massive, its own self-gravity becomes absolutely consequential to its evolution and readiness for planet formation. Such a disk is said to be undergoing gravitational instability (GI), a fundamental process that results in prominent spiral arms forming throughout the disk on global scales, which can fragment into clump-like protoplanets. Despite its importance to disk evolution and planet formation, diagnosing whether gravitational instability is at play in real disks has historically proven difficult. In this poster, I present new ALMA Band 6 molecular line observations of the AB Aur disk taken in 2022, one of the longest ALMA gas programs toward a single protoplanetary disk to date. AB Aur is a bright and well-studied young system that hosts multiple candidate sites of protoplanet formation identified in previous observations. I describe our discovery of clear and direct evidence of GI in the AB Aur disk, using newly developed kinematic techniques.
Growth and External Debt Under Risk of Debt Repudiation
Creators: name: Cohen, Daniel
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Managerial economics
Economics
Finance

description: We analyze the pattern of growth of a nation which borrows abroad and which has the option of repudiating its foreign debt. We show that the equilibrium strategy of competitive lenders is to make the growth of the foreign debt contingent on the growth of the borrowing country. We give a closed-form solution to a linear version of our model. The economy, in that case, follows a two-stage pattern of growth. During the first stage, the debt grows more rapidly than the economy. During the second stage, both the debt and the economy grow at the same rate, and more slowly than in the first stage. During this second stage, the total interest falling due on the debt is never entirely repaid; only an amount proportional to the difference of the rate of interest and the rate of growth of the economy is repaid each period.
Structure-based design of inhibitors of the zinc-dependent enzymes histone deacetylase (HDAC) and UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoylyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC)
Creators: name: Bülbül, Emre Fatih
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Computer-aided drug design (CADD) techniques are used nowadays to design novel compounds in a faster and cheaper way than in previous periods. In the current work, CADD methods were used to identify and develop novel compounds that are both potent and selective against two groups of zinc-dependent enzymes: histone deacetylase (HDAC) and UDP-3-O-(R-3-hydroxymyristoylyl)-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC). Molecular docking, binding free energy calculations, and MD simulations were used to rationalize the binding mode of the compounds and to support the chemical optimization. The results obtained in the current work illustrates how structure-based drug design (SBDD) methods can be used to design potent and selective zinc-dependent enzyme inhibitors and to accelerate drug discovery projects.
description: CADD-Techniken (Computer-gestütztes Wirkstoffdesign) werden heutzutage verwendet, um neuartige Inhibitoren schneller und kostengünstiger zu entwickeln als in früheren Phasen. Die CADD-Methoden wurden angewendet, um wirksame und selektive neue Inhibitoren gegen zwei Familien zinkabhängiger Enzyme vorzuschlagen; Histone Deacetylasen und UDP-3-O-(R-3-Hydroxymyristoylyl)-N-Acetylglucosamin-Deacetylase (LpxC). Das molekulare Docking, Berechnungen der freien Bindungsenergie (BFE) und Molekulardynamiksimulationen (MD) wurden verwendet, um die Projekte zu voranzutreiben. Diese Ergebnisse der vorliegenden Arbeit veranschaulichen, wie Methoden des strukturbasierten Wirkstoffdesigns (SBDD) verwendet werden können, um wirksame und selektive zinkabhängige Enzyminhibitoren zu entwickeln und die Projekte zu beschleunigen.
Non-conserved dynamics of steps on vicinal surfaces during electromigration-induced step bunching
Creators: name: Ivanov, Marian
name: Krug, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new results on the non-conserved dynamics of parallel steps on vicinal surfaces in the case of sublimation with electromigration and step-step interactions. The derived equations are valid in the quasistatic approximation and in the limit $f^{-1}\gg l_D\gg l_{\pm} \gg l_i$, where $f$ is the inverse electromigration length, $l_D$ the diffusion length, $l_{\pm}$ the kinetic lengths and $l_i$ the terrace widths. The coupling between crystal sublimation and step-step interactions induces non-linear, non-conservative terms in the equations of motion. Depending on the initial conditions, this leads to interrupted coarsening, anticoarsening of step bunches or periodic switching between step trains of different numbers of bunches.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures; revised and extended version
Improved delivery of hydrophobic drugs by a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system and electrospun polymer fibers : Kumulative Dissertation
Creators: name: Zech, Johanna
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die Übernahme hydrophober Wirkstoffkandidaten in die klinische Anwendung wird oft durch eine schlechte Löslichkeit und dadurch bedingte niedrige Bioverfügbarkeit erschwert. Eine wirkstoffspezifische Formulierungsentwicklung ist essenziell um Aufnahme und Pharmakokinetik für solche Arzneistoffe zu verbessern. In dieser Dissertation wurde ein solches Formulierungsdesign für hydrophobe Wirkstoffe beispielhaft an zwei Drug Delivery Systemen untersucht. Für Artemisone wurde ein SMEDDS zur oralen, intranasalen und transdermalen Anwendung entwickelt. Hohe Verfügbarkeit des Wirkstoffs und Wirksamkeit bei muriner Schistosomiasis und Malaria wurden in vivo bestätigt. Zwei Anwendungen werden für elektrogesponnene Polymerfasern betrachtet. Formulierungsentwicklung, Charakterisierung und in vitro Testung von Nimodipin-Polymervliesen als intrakraniale Implantate werden beschrieben. Polymerfaserschwämme wurden mittels µCT, EPR und NMR auf ihre grundlegende Eignung als Arzneistoffträger untersucht.
description: The translation of hydrophobic drug candidates into clinical practice of often impeded by their poor aqueous solubility and resulting low bioavailability. Specific, optimized formulations can thus be essential to improve drug uptake and pharmacokinetics for these molecules. This thesis explores formulation design for hydrophobic drugs via two different drug delivery systems. For artemisone a self-microemulsifying drug delivery system for oral, intranasal and transdermal delivery was developed. High drug availability and effective therapy of murine schistosomiasis and malaria could be demonstrated in vivo. Two different application scenarios were studied for electrospun polymer fibers. Formulation development and characterization as well as in vitro testing of electrospun non-wovens as possible nimodipine-releasing intracranial implants are described. Polymer fiber sponges were examined for their general applicability as drug carriers via µCT, EPR Imaging and NMR analysis.
SimProp: a Simulation Code for Ultra High Energy Cosmic Ray Propagation
Creators: name: Aloisio, R.
name: Boncioli, D.
name: Grillo, A. F.
name: Petrera, S.
name: Salamida, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new Monte Carlo simulation code for the propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays is presented. The results of this simulation scheme are tested by comparison with results of another Monte Carlo computation as well as with the results obtained by directly solving the kinetic equation for the propagation of Ultra High Energy Cosmic Rays. A short comparison with the latest flux published by the Pierre Auger collaboration is also presented.
description: 19 pages, 12 eps figures, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Applying aryltrifluoroborates as PET imaging agents
Creators: name: Li, Ying
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2013

description: This dissertation is focused on applying aryltrifluoroborates (ArBF₃s) as PET imaging agents. Several aspects of this new ¹⁸F-labeling technique are addressed. These include the hydrolytic stability of heteroaryltrifluoroborates (HetArBF₃s), the fluoridation of arylboronic acids/esters and the radiosyntheses of several ¹⁸F-ArBF₃ labeled biomolecules for potential PET imaging applications. The solvolysis of several N-HetArBF₃s under physiological conditions was studied with ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy in Chapter 2. All the N-HetArBF₃s tested therein displayed excellent solvolytic stability under physiological conditions. It is expected that these HetArBF₃s can be further applied as ¹⁸F-labeled PET imaging agents. In Chapter 3, a rapid fluoridation was carried out under conditions with low fluoride concentrations in a short reaction time (~ one hour). Via TLC-fluorescent densitometry, ¹⁹F NMR spectroscopy, and radio-HPLC, the fluoridation of different arylboronic acids/esters was investigated. It was found that the fluoridation occurs relatively rapidly in the presence of 3 to 5 equivalents of fluoride in acidic aqueous CH₃CN at room temperature. Under such conditions, radiochemical yields of 20-30% can be achieved. It was also noticed that arylboronates with acid-sensitive protecting groups could undergo fluoridations rapidly comparable to the arylboronic acids. In Chapter 4, marimastat, an MMP inhibitor, was labeled with an ¹⁸F-ArBF₃ to image breast cancer in mice. An unoptimized isolated radiochemical yield of ~ 1.5% and specific activities of 0.179 and 0.396 Ci/µmol were obtained within two hours including packaging. The blocking experiment suggested that the tumor uptake of Mar-¹⁸F-ArBF₃ was MMP specific. This one-step aqueous fluoridation was also applied to label a urea-based PSMA inhibitor (Chapter 5) and RGD-containing cyclopeptides (Chapter 8). Radiochemical yields ranging from 10% to 25% were obtained within one hour and good HPLC separation was achieved. In addition, a one-pot two-step labeling strategy was developed in Chapter 6 to label acid-sensitive biomolecules with ¹⁸F-ArBF₃s. The copper(I) catalyzed 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition was successfully used to conjugate ¹⁸F-ArBF₃s with biomolecules including oligonucleotides (Chapter 6), folate (Chapter 7), and a cyclic RGD-peptide (Chapter 8) with radiochemical yields of 20-30% over two steps in one hour.
Protecting minorities in binary elections: A test of storable votes using field data
Creators: name: Casella, Alessandra M.
name: Ehrenberg, Shuky
name: Gelman, Andrew E.
name: Shen, Jie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Mathematical statistics
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Democratic systems are built, with good reason, on majoritarian principles, but their legitimacy requires the protection of strongly held minority preferences. The challenge is to do so while treating every voter equally and preserving aggregate welfare. One possible solution is storable votes: granting each voter a budget of votes to cast as desired over multiple decisions. During the 2006 student elections at Columbia University, we tested a simple version of this idea: voters were asked to rank the importance of the different contests and to choose where to cast a single extra "bonus vote," had one been available. We used these responses to construct distributions of intensities and electoral outcomes, both without and with the bonus vote. Bootstrapping techniques provided estimates of the probable impact of the bonus vote. The bonus vote performs well: when minority preferences are particularly intense, the minority wins at least one of the contests with 15-30 percent probability; and, when the minority wins, aggregate welfare increases with 85-95 percent probability. When majority and minority preferences are equally intense, the effect of the bonus vote is smaller and more variable but on balance still positive.
Genome-wide association study of Ethopian durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) accessions under drought stress and non-stress conditions
Creators: name: Bayissa, Kefyalew Negisho
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 630

description: Differences in drought stress responses have been investigated in a genetically diverse set of durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum). Drought stress affects growth and development, which results in a severe reduction in yield. ANOVA, AMOVA, diversity indices, and population structure from field trials and climatic chamber experiments showed great genetic diversity in the study panel. The MTAs and QTLs identified in this study by GWAS analysis could be used to develop KASP markers for marker-assisted breeding for drought stress tolerance in wheat. Drought stress results in a significant reduction of the traits investigated compared to non-stress conditions. The identified drought tolerant and stable genotypes may be used as potential parents for wheat breeding.
description: Die Unterschiede in der Reaktion auf Trockenstress wurden bei einer genetisch vielfältigen Hartweizensorte (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) untersucht. Trockenstress beeinträchtigt das Wachstum und die Entwicklung, was zu starken Ertragseinbußen führt. ANOVA, AMOVA, Diversitätsindizes und die Populationsstruktur aus Feldversuchen und Klimakammerexperimenten zeigten eine große genetische Vielfalt in der Studiengruppe. Die in dieser Studie durch GWAS-Analyse identifizierten MTAs und QTLs könnten zur Entwicklung von KASP-Markern für die markergestützte Züchtung auf Trockenstresstoleranz bei Weizen verwendet werden. Trockenstress führt zu einer signifikanten Verringerung der untersuchten Merkmale im Vergleich zu Nichtstressbedingungen. Die identifizierten trockenheitstoleranten und stabilen Genotypen können als potenzielle Eltern für die Weizenzüchtung verwendet werden.
Generic Ising Trees
Creators: name: Durhuus, Bergfinnur
name: Napolitano, George M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82B20, 05C80

description: The Ising model on an infinite generic tree is defined as a thermodynamic limit of finite systems. A detailed description of the corresponding distribution of infinite spin configurations is given. As an application we study the magnetization properties of such systems and prove that they exhibit no spontaneous magnetization. Furthermore, the values of the Hausdorff and spectral dimensions of the underlying trees are calculated and found to be, respectively, $\bar{d}_h=2$ and $\bar{d}_s=4/3$.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures; typos corrected, one section and new references added
Dynamic Optimization in Two-Party Models
Creators: name: McKibbin, Warwick J.
name: Roubini, Nouriel
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Managerial economics
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: Economics

description: The goal of this paper is to study the problem of optimal dynamic policy formulation with competing political parties. We study a general class of problems, in which the two competing political parties have quadratic intertemporal objective functions, and in which the economy has a linear structure and a multidimensional state space. For the general linear quadratic problem we develop a numerical dynamic programming algorithm to solve for optimal policies of each party taking into account the party's objectives; the structure of the economy; the probability of future election results; and the objectives of the other political party.
Therapie des multiplen Myeloms : eine retrospektive Analyse von 185 konsekutiven Patienten mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der autologen Hochdosis-Chemotherapie
Creators: name: Damyanova-Efstathiadis, Mariya Ivanova
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Die Hochdosis-Chemotherapie mit autologer Stammzelltransplantation (HD-CTx) ist derzeit die Standardtherapie für jüngere und/oder fitte Patienten. Heutzutage haben die neuen Substanzen (IMiDs, PIs, Immun-Checkpoint-Inhibitoren etc.) das Überleben von Patienten mit multiplem Myelom deutlich verbessert. Die Studie analysiert retrospektiv die Behandlungsschemata von 252 Patienten und untersucht die Auswirkungen der Erstlinientherapie HD-CTx auf das progressionsfreie Überleben (PFS) und das Gesamtüberleben (OS). 147 erhielten HD-CTx. Die Ergebnisse für das mediane OS (Einzel-HD-CTx (OS 44 Monate), Tandem-HD-CTx (OS 67 Monate), SD-CTx (OS 23 Monate)) und das mediane PFS (jeweils Einzel-HD-CTx (PFS 39 Monate), Tandem-HD-CTx (PFS 42 Monate), SD-CTx (PFS 16 Monate)) waren vergleichbar mit den verfügbaren Studiendaten. Diese Daten unterstützen den aktuellen Behandlungsansatz, der darin besteht, die Induktion einer Remission durch HD-CTx zu optimieren, da dies das OS signifikant verbessert.
description: High-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell transplantation (HD-CTx) is currently the standard therapy for younger and/or fit patients. Nowadays, the new substances (IMiDs, PIs, Immune checkpoint inhibitors, etc.) have significantly improved the overall survival of patients with multiple myeloma. The study analyses retrospectively the treatment regimens of 252 patients and explores the effect on progression free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of the first-line treatment HD-CTx. 147 received HD-CTx. The results for the median overall survival (single HD-CTx (OS 44 mths), tandem HD-CTx (OS 67 mths), SD-CTx (OS 23 mths)) and the median progression-free survival (respectively single HD-CTx (PFS 39 mths), tandem HD-CTx (PFS 42 mths), SD-CTx (PFS 16 mths)) were comparable with the available data from the study groups. This data supports the current treatment approach, which is to optimize the induction of remission by HD-CTx, as this significantly improves the overall survival.
Exchange Rates and Economic Recovery in the 1930s
Creators: name: Eichengreen, Barry
name: Sachs, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1984
Subjects: Managerial economics
Finance
Economics

description: Currency depreciation in the 1930s is almost universally dismissed or condemned. It is credited with providing little if any stimulus for economic recovery in the depreciating countries and blamed for transmitting harmful beggar-thy-neighbor impulses to the rest of the world economv. In this paper we argue for a radically different interpretation of exchange-rate policy in the 1930s . We document first that currency depreciation was beneficial for the initiating countries. It worked through both the standard supply- and demand-side channels suggested by modern variants of the Keynesian model. We show next that there can in fact be no presumption that currency depreciation in the 1930s was beggar-thy-neighbor policy. Rather, an empirical analysis of the historical record is needed to determine whether the impact on other countries was favorable or unfavorable. We conclude provisionally on the basis of this analysis that the foreign repercussions of individual devaluations were in fact negative -- that the depreciations considered were beggar-thy-neighbor. As we point out, however, this finding does not support the conclusion that competitive devaluations taken by a group of countries were without benefit for the system as a whole. We argue to the contrary -- that similar policies, had they been even more widely adopted, would have hastened recovery from the Great Depression.
title: Pre-war Military Planning and War Aims (Union of South Africa)
title: Pre-war Military Planning and War Aims (Union of South Africa)
Creators: name: Katz, David Brock
Publisher: name: BSB - Bavarian State Library
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: o.P. Staat Südafrika
subject: Weltkrieg [1914-1918]
subject: Vorgeschichte
subject: o.P. World War, 1914-1918
subject: South Africa
subject: World War, 1914-1918--Causes

description: The Union of South Africa was formed ten years after the internecine Second Anglo-Boer war (1899-1902) from which the British Empire emerged victorious. Afrikaner-English acrimony was an especially powerful element in the formation of the Union in 1910 and the Union Defence Force (UDF) in 1912. The formation of the UDF was overwhelmingly perceived as a threat, a force designed to deal with internal strife rather than an external threat. When the First World War broke out, the UDF found itself without a strategic plan for the defence of the Union and was ill-prepared to meet the demands of European warfare.
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War
description: 1914-1918-Online International Encyclopedia of the First World War