cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
REPUTATIONS, MARKET STRUCTURE, AND THE CHOICE OF QUALITY ASSURANCE SYSTEMS IN THE FOOD INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Carriquiry, Miguel A.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
name: Carriquiry, Miguel A.
name: Babcock, Bruce A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: imperfect information
subject: product quality
subject: quality assurance
subject: repeated purchases
subject: reputations
subject: supply chain
subject: value-added agriculture

description: Participants in a supply chain of agricultural value-added products face significant challenges. Many of the costly distinctive traits are difficult (if not impossible) to observe even after consumption. A complicating factor, addressed here, is that in some circumstances delivered quality can only be imperfectly learned and/or affected stochastically by producers. In order for markets for these goods to arise, firms touting the quality of the product need to be trusted. In response to these challenges, new (and diverse) quality assurance systems (QASs) that facilitate the acquisition and flow of information about agricultural and food products are being put in place. A repeated-purchases model is developed to explore the fundamental economic factors that lie behind the choice of different QASs and their associated degrees of stringency by firms. Differences in the quality discoverability of a sought-after attribute, market structure, attractiveness of a market, nature of reputations, and the value placed in the future are among the factors contributing to the implementation of widely diverse systems across participants in different markets. Close attention is paid to the role of reputations in providing the incentives for firms to deliver high-quality goods. We model three different scenariosï¿½monopoly, duopoly with firm-specific reputations, and duopoly with industry-wide reputationsï¿½and compare the resulting welfare of processors and their customers. We also provide a rationale for the branding efforts of many firms to distinguish their products along the supply chain.
Classifying toric surface codes of dimension $7$
Creators: name: Cairncross, Emily
name: Ford, Stephanie
name: Garcia, Eli
name: Jabbusch, Kelly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 94B27, 52B20, 14M25

description: Toric surface codes are a class of error-correcting codes coming from a lattice polytope defining a two-dimensional toric variety. Previous authors have mostly completed classifications of these toric surface codes with dimension up to $k = 7.$ In this note, we correct an error in the classification of the $k=7$ case started in \cite{HLYZZ}, and disprove one of their conjectures.
description: Final version
Experimental Limits on Weak Annihilation Contributions to b -->u ell nu Decay
Creators: name: Rosner, J. L
name: Collaboration, CLEO
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first experimental limits on high-q^2 contributions to charmless semileptonic B decays of the form expected from the Weak Annihilation (WA) decay mechanism. Such contributions could bias determinations of |Vub| from inclusive measurements of B-> X_u lnu. Using a wide range of models based on available theoretical input we set a limit of (Gamma_WA/Gamma_b->u) < 7.4% (90% confidence level) on the WA fraction, and assess the impact on previous inclusive determinations of |Vub|.
description: 8 pages postscript,also available through http://www.lns.cornell.edu/public/CLNS/2005/, Submitted to PRL
Agricultural Trade Restrictiveness in the European Union and the United States
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Salvatici, Luca
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Salvatici, Luca
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: agricultural prices
subject: income
subject: international agricultural trade
subject: policy analysis
subject: tariffs and tariff factors

description: This paper provides a summary measure of the Uruguay Round tariff reduction commitments in the European Union and the United States, using the Mercantilistic Trade Restrictiveness Index (MTRI) as the tariff aggregator. We compute the index for agricultural commodity aggregates assuming a specific (Constant Elasticity of Substitution) functional form for import demand. The levels of the MTRI under the actual commitments of the Uruguay Round are computed and compared with two hypothetical cases, the Swiss Formula leading to a 36 percent average decrease in tariffs and a uniform 36 percent reduction of each tariff. This makes it possible to infer how reducing tariff dispersion would help improve market access in future trade agreements.
THE WTP/WTA DISPARITY: HAVE WE BEEN OBSERVING DYNAMIC VALUES BUT INTERPRETING THEM AS STATIC?
Creators: name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: List, John A.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
name: Kling, Catherine L.
name: List, John A.
name: Zhao, Jinhua
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: field experiment
subject: neoclassical theory
subject: willingness to accept
subject: willingness to pay
subject: WTP/WTA disparity

description: This study advances, and experimentally tests, a new explanation for the disparity between willingness to pay (WTP) and willingness to accept (WTA)-a dynamic neoclassical theory based on the presence of commitment costs. While to date neoclassical models have not explained the observed data patterns well, we find that the commitment cost theory is able to explain adequately the causes and severity of the WTP/WTA value disparity. In particular, using data gathered from an actual marketplace, even the most stringent of our theoretical conjectures-cases where WTP values are predicted to exceed WTA values-oftentimes are met.
Precision characterisation of two-qubit Hamiltonians via entanglement mapping
Creators: name: Cole, Jared H.
name: Devitt, Simon J.
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd C. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the general Heisenberg Hamiltonian with non-uniform couplings can be characterised by mapping the entanglement it generates as a function of time. Identification of the Hamiltonian in this way is possible as the coefficients of each operator control the oscillation frequencies of the entanglement function. The number of measurements required to achieve a given precision in the Hamiltonian parameters is determined and an efficient measurement strategy designed. We derive the relationship between the number of measurements, the resulting precision and the ultimate discrete error probability generated by a systematic mis-characterisation, when implementing two-qubit gates for quantum computing.
description: 6 Pages, 3 figures
Analysis of Production Efficiency of Mexican Coffee-Producing Districts
Creators: name: Cardenas, Gabriela
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Houston, Jack E.
name: Cardenas, Gabriela
name: Vedenov, Dmitry V.
name: Houston, Jack E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Despite the decline of coffee prices during the 1990s, coffee production remains a main economic activity for producers in Southeastern Mexico. This paper analyzes the coffee production system for 24 municipios, or districts, in Veracruz, Mexico during a five-year cropping period (1997-2002). A stochastic frontier approach is used in order to estimate an input distance function and evaluate production efficiency during the period. Factors such as coffee quality and access to markets are tested in terms of their effect on efficiency. The results show the production process in these municipios, as measured by technical efficiency, seems to be stable over time despite of price fluctuations in the global market. Production of staple crops (corn) along with coffee resulted in lower efficiency. Factors contributing to higher efficiency were higher population density, production of specialty crops other than coffee or staple crops, and higher altitude, which is typically associated with production of higher quality coffee.
Psychological Prices and Price Rigidity in Grocery Retailing: Analysis of German Scanner Data
Creators: name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Moeser, Anke
name: Herrmann, Roland
name: Moeser, Anke
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: A substantial degree of price rigidity has been reported for branded foods in various studies with scanner data. One possible explanation for price rigidity is the existence of psychological pricing points. We analyze to which extent psychological pricing plays a role in grocery retailing and whether it contributes to price rigidity of branded foods in Germany. Psychological pricing defined here as just-below-the-round-figure-pricing is empirically analyzed with scanner data of weekly prices for 20 food brands in 38 retail outlets from September 1996 to June 1999. Psychological pricing turned out to be extremely important in German food retailing. Branded food prices are remarkably sticky and psychological pricing points contribute strongly to price rigidity. Other factors like the sales phenomenon and firm-specific effects are additionally important.
Corn Producer Practices and Insect Resistance Management Requirements
Creators: name: Wang, Willa
name: Van Der Sluis, Evert
name: Wang, Willa
name: Van Der Sluis, Evert
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Farm Management

description: We document the degree to which corn producers in South Dakota follow Insect Resistance Management requirements administered by the Environmental Protection Agency. Our findings are based a survey held among a sample of 317 corn producers in South Dakota in July of 2004. Detailed results are forthcoming.
Shape and dynamics of nonrelativistic vortex strings in parity-breaking media
Creators: name: Kozhevnikov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape and dynamics of the nonrelativistic gauge vortex string in the parity-broken media is considered, upon reducing the problem to finding the extremum of the Abelian Higgs model effective action with the fixed B-type helicity of the gauge field. It is shown that in contrast with the case of the fixed A-type helicity, the static solution of the Ginzburg-Landau energy functional in the London limit is the helix with the specific relation between the curvature and torsion of the vortex line depending on the strength of the space parity violating contribution of the Lifshitz invariant. A nonlinear dynamical equation is linearized in case of small oscillations around the helical contour, and the polarization and dispersion law of the propagated waves are obtained.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure. Copy-paste errors in Eqs. (2.14), (3.2), and (5.4) are corrected
Two ways of estimating a transport model
Creators: name: Jansson, Torbjorn
name: Jansson, Torbjorn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Public Economics

description: In this article, it is shown how the parameters of a transport model can be estimated in a way that, in contrast to previously used methods, utilizes regional prices as well as of trade costs. The proposed method uses bi-level programming to minimize a weighted least squares' criterion under the restriction that the estimated parameters satisfy the Kuhn-Tucker conditions for an optimal solution of the transport model. We use Monte-Carlo simulations to trace out some properties of the estimator and compare it with a traditional calibration method. The analysis shows that the proposed technique estimates prices as well as trade costs more efficiently.
Are Farmers' Decisions to Work off the Farm and Participate in the Conservation Reserve Program Independent, Joint or Sequential?
Creators: name: Chang, Hung-Hao
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
name: Chang, Hung-Hao
name: Boisvert, Richard N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: CRP
subject: Off-farm labor
subject: Choice Structure

description: There is statistical evidence that decisions to participate in CRP and work off-farm are made simultaneously. Characteristics of households, farm operations other farm programs, and the local economies affect both decisions; some factors affect only one. Policy changes that affect one decision may affect another directly and/or indirectly.
Coulomb breakup effects on the elastic cross section of $^6$He+$^{209}$Bi scattering near Coulomb barrier energies
Creators: name: Matsumoto, T.
name: Egami, T.
name: Ogata, K.
name: Iseri, Y.
name: Kamimura, M.
name: Yahiro, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We accurately analyze the $^6$He+$^{209}$Bi scattering at 19 and 22.5 MeV near the Coulomb barrier energy, using the continuum-discretized coupled-channels method (CDCC) based on the $n$+$n$+$^4$He+$^{209}$Bi four-body model. The three-body breakup continuum of $^6$He is discretized by diagonalizing the internal Hamiltonian of $^6$He in a space spanned by the Gaussian basis functions. The calculated elastic and total reaction cross sections are in good agreement with the experimental data, while the CDCC calculation based on the di-neutron model of $^6$He, i.e., the $^2n$+$^{4}$He+$^{209}$Bi three-body model, does not reproduce the data.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, uses REVTeX 4, submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Schusterolejeunea andina Gradst. et Ilk.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Schusterolejeunea
Schusterolejeunea andina

description: ** Schusterolejeunea andina Gradst. et Ilk.-Borg. ex Gradst. et León-Yánez,
Libro rojo pl. endém. Ecuador, ed. 2: 871, 2011, nom. inval. ICN Art. 38.1(a); no description (see Gradstein & León-Yánez 2011).
ORIGINAL MATERIAL: Ecuador “Colectada en el Río Nangaritza, 28 km al sur de Guayzimi, cerca de las cabañas Yankuam”.
NOTE: This name was erroneously used for what later was published as Cololejeunea stotleriana Gradst., Ilk. -Borg. et Vanderp. (S.R. Gradstein, pers. comm.).
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Modeling Heteroskedasticity of Crop Yield Distributions: Implications for Normality
Creators: name: Kapiamba, Luabeya F.
name: Kapiamba, Luabeya F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: The paper analyzes the extent to which ignorance of heteroskedasticity or its inadequate modeling would result in misleading statistical inferences about crop yield distribution. We follow the "detrending mean yield approach" in which we model the conditional mean yield using a panel data model. We assume alternative structures of variance-covariance matrix for the random component. Heteroskedasticity robust and non-robust estimation methods are used before performing a joint normality test on the random component of crop yield data. Our findings provide evidence against the claim that virtually all previous findings of non-normality in crop yields are infected because of the ignorance of heteroskedasticity or its inappropriate modeling. Accounting for heteroskedasticity in crop yield data would matter for validity of evidence against normality only to the extent that its proportion among the source of departure from normal distribution is relatively sizable.
Ultra-fast Hong-Ou-Mandel interferometry via temporal filtering
Creators: name: Tsujimoto, Yoshiaki
name: Wakui, Kentaro
name: Fujiwara, Mikio
name: Sasaki, Masahide
name: Takeoka, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Heralded single photons (HSPs) generated by spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) are useful resource to achieve various photonic quantum information processing. Given a large-scale experiment which needs multiple HSPs, increasing the generation rate with suppressing higher-order pair creation is desirable. One of the promising ways is to use a pump laser with a GHz-order repetition rate. In such a high repetition rate regime, however, single-photon detectors can only partially identify the pulses. Hence, we develop a simple model to consider that effect on the spectral purity, and experimentally demonstrate a high-visibility Hong-Ou-Mandel interference between two independent HSPs generated by SPDC with 3.2 GHz-repetition-rate mode-locked pump pulses. The observed visibility of 0.88(3) is in good agreement with our theoretical model.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
On the nature of two low M-dot X-ray bursters: 1RXS J170854.4-321857 and 1RXS J171824.2-402934
Creators: name: Zand, J. J. M. in 't
name: Cornelisse, R.
name: Mendez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carried out Chandra observations of two low-luminosity low-mass X-ray binaries, 1RXS J170854.4-321857 and 1RXS J171824.2-402934, for which previously single X-ray bursts had been detected with the Wide Field Cameras (WFCs) on board BeppoSAX. Both were detected in our Chandra observations in an actively accreting state three to eight years after the X-ray bursts, with 0.5-10 keV luminosities between 5x10^34 and 2x10^36 erg/s. The apparently persistent nature is remarkable for 1RXS J171824.2-402934 given its low luminosity of 0.001L_Edd. The persistence of both sources also distinguishes them from 5 other low-L bursters, which have also been seen during bursts with the WFCs but were not detected during Chandra observations above a luminosity of 10^33 erg/s. Those are probably transient rather than persistent sources.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 7 pages, 5 figures
Creating a Vision for XYZ Research Corporation: A Case Study
Creators: name: Jaramillo, Paul E.
name: House, Lisa
name: Wysocki, Allen F.
name: Jaramillo, Paul E.
name: House, Lisa
name: Wysocki, Allen F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Focus Groups
subject: Strategic Analysis
subject: Food Safety
subject: Outsourcing

description: A strategic analysis was developed for XYZ Research Corporation (the true company's name is disguised). The strategic analysis involved a series of visits to the company to conduct focus groups with its employees and management. Five focus groups were carried out at XYZ Research Corporation. This method proved to be effective and valuable when aiming to gather detailed information on the specifics of a firm's operation. Information and insights on the company and its business that would not become evident through any kind of meticulous financial or economic analysis of the company's and industry's numbers - which in fact were unavailable or scarce - was efficiently obtained by personal communication from the employees in the interviews. The focus group and interview method is recommended as a valid alternative to gathering detailed data and information when facing limited availability of reliable quantitative economic data on sales, size, and other information on the industry. The amount and quality of person-to-person information gathered in the interviews made the questionnaire a more powerful tool versus the alternative of simply mailing it. In the process of developing a strategic plan for XYZ, data and information used to write an undergraduate level teaching case study was gathered. The focus group method allowed for digging out intricate functional relationships within the company and between the company and the industry, which allowed for writing a more complete and educationally interesting case study.
[Brev til DKNVS]
Creators: name: Heltzen, Christian Ernst
name: Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab (DKNVS)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1816

description: Foretegnelse over hvad i Aaret 1815 dels foræret, dels kjøbt er til Det Kongelige Norske Videnskabers Selskab
Sinolejeunea X. J. Yang et X. W. Wu, Sci.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Sinolejeunea

description: † Sinolejeunea X.J.Yang et X.W.Wu,
Sci. China Earth Sci. 54: 229, 2011 (see Yang & Wu 2011). TYPE: Sinolejeunea yimaensis X.J.Yang et X.W.Wu.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
Graviton propagator from background-independent quantum gravity
Creators: name: Rovelli, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the graviton propagator in euclidean loop quantum gravity, using the spinfoam formalism. We use boundary-amplitude and group-field-theory techniques, and compute one component of the propagator to first order, under a number of approximations, obtaining the correct spacetime dependence. In the large distance limit, the only term of the vertex amplitude that contributes is the exponential of the Regge action: the other terms, that have raised doubts on the physical viability of the model, are suppressed by the phase of the vacuum state, which is determined by the extrinsic geometry of the boundary.
description: 6 pages. Substantially revised second version. Improved boundary state ansatz
First Evidence for $B_s^0 \to ϕϕ$ Decay and Measurements of Branching Ratio and $A_{CP}$ for $B^+ \to ϕK^+$
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
name: Acosta, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first evidence of charmless decays of the $B_s^0$ meson, the decay \phiphi, and a measurement of the Branching Ratio $\BR(\phiphi)$ using $180 {\rm pb}^{-1}$ of data collected by the \cdfii experiment at the Fermilab Tevatron collider. In addition, the BR and direct CP asymmetry for the \phik\ decay are measured. We obtain: $\BR (\phiphi) = (14 \ase{6}{5}(stat.) \pm 6(syst.)) \times 10^{-6}$, $\BR (\phik) = (7.6 \pm 1.3(stat.) \pm 0.6(syst.)) \times 10^{-6}$, and $\ACP(\phik) = -0.07 \pm 0.17 (stat.) \ase{0.03}{0.02} (syst.)$. Both decays are governed in the Standard Model by second order (penguin) $b \myto s\bar{s}s$ amplitudes.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters Fixed few typos plus additional comments to introduction suggested by referee's
Consumer Surplus Estimates and the Source of Regression Error
Creators: name: Beatty, Timothy K.M.
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
name: Ward, Michael B.
name: Beatty, Timothy K.M.
name: Brozovic, Nicholas
name: Ward, Michael B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Regression Error
subject: Marshallian Surplus
subject: Welfare Analysis

description: Contrary to widely held belief, we show that the source of regression error does not matter when calculating Marshallian surplus. A misspecified demand curve, not the assumed source of regression error, leads to differences in estimates of consumer surplus.
Sinolejeunea yimaensis X. J. Yang et X. W. Wu, Sci.
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Marchantiophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Porellales
Lejeuneaceae
Sinolejeunea
Sinolejeunea yimaensis

description: † Sinolejeunea yimaensis X.J.Yang et X.W.Wu,
Sci. China Earth Sci. 54: 229, 2011 (see Yang & Wu 2011).
TYPE: “ Locality: Yima, Henan, China. Horizon: Yima Formation, Middle Jurassic. Repository: Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing, China, numbers PB20733”.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611
New $^{32}$Cl(p,$γ$)$^{33}$Ar reaction rate for astrophysical rp-process calculations
Creators: name: Schatz, H.
name: Bertulani, C. A.
name: Brown, B. A.
name: Clement, R. R. C.
name: Sakharuk, A. A.
name: Sherrill, B. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $^{32}$Cl(p,$γ$)$^{33}$Ar reaction rate is of potential importance in the rp-process powering type I X-ray bursts. Recently Clement et al. \cite{CBB04} presented new data on excitation energies for low lying proton unbound states in $^{33}$Ar obtained with a new method developed at the National Superconducting Cyclotron Laboratory. We use their data, together with a direct capture model and a USD shell model calculation to derive a new reaction rate for use in astrophysical model calculations. In particular, we take into account capture on the first excited state in $^{32}$Cl, and also present a realistic estimate of the remaining uncertainties. We find that the $^{32}$Cl(p,$γ$)$^{33}$Ar reaction rate is dominated entirely by capture on the first excited state in $^{32}$Cl over the whole temperature range relevant in X-ray bursts. In the temperature range from 0.2 to 1 GK the rate is up to a factor of 70 larger than the previously recommended rate based on shell model calculations only. The uncertainty is now reduced from up to a factor of 1000 to a factor of 3 at 0.3-0.7 GK and a factor of 6 at 1.5 GK.
description: To be published in Phys. Rev. C
Solving Quasiparticle Band Spectra of Real Solids using Neural-Network Quantum States
Creators: name: Yoshioka, Nobuyuki
name: Mizukami, Wataru
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing a predictive ab initio method for solid systems is one of the fundamental goals in condensed matter physics and computational materials science. The central challenge is how to encode a highly-complex quantum-many-body wave function compactly. Here, we demonstrate that artificial neural networks, known for their overwhelming expressibility in the context of machine learning, are excellent tool for first-principles calculations of extended periodic materials. We show that the ground-state energies in real solids in one-, two-, and three-dimensional systems are simulated precisely, reaching their chemical accuracy. The highlight of our work is that the quasiparticle band spectra, which are both essential and peculiar to solid-state systems, can be efficiently extracted with a computational technique designed to exploit the low-lying energy structure from neural networks. This work opens up a path to elucidate the intriguing and complex many-body phenomena in solid-state systems.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Experimental results for the Poincaré center problem (including an Appendix with Martin Cremer)
Creators: name: Bothmer, Hans-Christian Graf v.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34C05; 12E05

description: We apply a heuristic method based on counting points over finite fields to the Poincaré center problem. We show that this method gives the correct results for homogeneous non linearities of degree 2 and 3. Also we obtain new evidence for Zoladek's conjecture about general degree 3 non linearities
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, source code of programs at http://www-ifm.math.uni-hannover.de/~bothmer/strudel/. Added references, the result of Example 6.2 is not new. Added two new sections on rationally reversible systems. The 4th codim 7 component we saw only experimentally can now also be identified geometricaly
Assessing the performance of auctions for the allocation of conservation contracts: Theoretical and computational approaches
Creators: name: Hailu, Atakelty
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Thoyer, Sophie
name: Hailu, Atakelty
name: Schilizzi, Steven
name: Thoyer, Sophie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: There is a growing interest in using auctions for purchasing public goods from private agents. Auctions are being trialed in Australia and elsewhere to allocate conservation contracts. The expectation is that competitive bidding will reduce information rents and increase cost-effectiveness. This paper examines how auctions would perform under different assumptions regarding the rationality of bidders. A theoretical model requires bidders to be rational and use Nash equilibrium strategies, while an agent-based model assumes boundedly rational bidders learning from experience. The study illustrates the synergies between economic theory and agent-based modelling. Our findings provide a cautionary message regarding the performance of conservation auctions.
Acupuncture In Small Animal Pain Management
Creators: name: A. K. Tiwari, S. A. Chauhan and Swethasri P. T.
Publisher: name: Bio Vet Innovator Magazine
Year: 2024

description: Acupuncture is an ancient method of pain-relieving therapy in Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine (TCVM) and is been a budding practice among veterinarians of Oriental as well as Western countries. Acupuncture provides local, spinal and supraspinal levels of analgesia. Direct needle and other forms of acupuncture are commonly used as multi-modal pain management therapy in animals both as an adjunct as well as independent procedure.
Regions in time : Gail Anderson-Dargatz’s The cure for death by lightning and Ann-Marie Macdonald’s Fall on your knees
Creators: name: Lewis, Tanya
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the methods through which Gail Anderson-Dargatz and Ann-Marie MacDonald construct region in their novels The Cure for Death by Lightning and Fall on Your Knees. These texts, like all successful regional novels, describe more than geography. Their regions are also functions of time. I introduce the term "temporal region" to describe the spaces created by this interdependence of time and place. I then focus upon the specifics of descriptive and narrative approach that lead to the convincing portrayal of the Shuswap and Cape Breton Island in the texts. Anderson-Dargatz and MacDonald direct attention to the foddways of their regions, expressing the connection between consumption choices and a society's historical and physical location. The authors also articulate their regions by highlighting cultural diversity in the areas they describe. In this way they deny the social homogeneity more sentimental regional texts often rely upon. Finally, the novelists use an appropriately Canadian method of regional opposition to define their temporal regions according to that which they are not ~ they are not American, glamorous, or urban. They therefore must be Canadian, quotidian, and rural.
What a Local Sample of Spectroscopic Binaries can tell us about the Field-Binary Population
Creators: name: Fisher, James
name: Schröder, Klaus-Peter
name: Smith, Robert Connon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a sample of spectroscopic binaries (SBs) in the local solar neighbourhood to 100 pc and to an absolute magnitude of 4 in an attempt to find the distributions of the period, primary mass and the mass ratio as well as the IMF of the local population of field binaries. The sample was collated using available SB data and the Hipparcos catalogue, the latter being used for distances and to refer numbers of objects to fractions of the local stellar population as a whole. We use the better-determined double-lined SBs (SB2s) to calibrate a Monte-Carlo approach to modelling the mass ratio distribution of the single-lined SBs (SB1s) from their mass functions and primary masses. While a complete sample is not possible, given the data available, we are able to address important questions of incompleteness and parameter-specific biases by comparing subsamples of SBs with different ranges in parameter space. Our results show a clear peak in the mass ratio distribution of field binaries near unity. This is dominated by the SB2s, but the flat distribution of the SB1s is inconsistent with their components being chosen independently at random from a steep IMF.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, 4 tables. Published in MNRAS
CONTINUITY AND CHANGE IN CHINA'S RURAL PERIODIC MARKETS
Creators: name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Benzinger, Vince
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Benzinger, Vince
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Can we find traditional periodic markets in the milieu of market activity that abounds in contemporary China today? As reform is transforming the rural economy, is periodic markets activity being intensified or undermined? What factors account for the evolution of China's rural markets? The goal of this paper is to provide answers to some of these questions. In one sense, the study seeks to add to Skinner's seminal work by analyzing a set of primary data collected by the authors on periodic markets in today's rural China. The paper subjects a number of Skinner's pre-dictions to quantitative testing, and updates his theory to account for institutional peculiarities in the contemporary period. In another sense, however, our study stands on its own. We make an inquiry into the characteristics of rural market emergence in contemporary China, seeking to untangle the determinants of the rise and decline of market activity.
TECHNICAL PROGRESS IN THE SETE TRAWL FISHERY, 1985-1999
Creators: name: Kirkley, James E.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cunningham, Stephen
name: Catanzano, Joseph
name: Kirkley, James E.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cunningham, Stephen
name: Catanzano, Joseph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Fisheries throughout the world have long been subject to overfishing and excess capacity, which has generated substantial and increasing concern about biological and economic performance ramifications. These problems in part stem from substantial investment in technical improvements to boats and equipment in fishing fleets. Such technical change exacerbates the extent of excess fishing capacity, as well as low returns to fishing effort and investment due to catch limitations from both regulatory constraints and overfished stocks. However, economists have not yet attempted to quantify the extent or effects of technical change in fisheries. In this paper we use detailed data on innovation patterns for 19 vessels in the Sete trawl fleet of Southern France to evaluate the contributions of embodied and disembodied technical change to catch rates. We find that embodied technical change enhanced productivity by approximately 1 percent per year between 1985-99, but that external (disembodied) events counteracted this by causing a net output decline of about 3 percent per year. Neither efficiency nor output composition changes appear to have had a substantive effect on observed performance levels.
THE CREATION AND SPREAD OF TECHNOLOGY AND TOTAL FACTOR PRODUCTIVITY IN CHINA'S AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Jin, Songqing
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Hu, Ruifa
name: Rozelle, Scott
name: Jin, Songqing
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Hu, Ruifa
name: Rozelle, Scott
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Productivity Analysis
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: The study's overall goal is to create a framework for assessing the trends of China's national and international investment in agricultural research and to measure its impact on total factor productivity. The main methodological contribution is to provide more convincing measures of crop-specific technologies from China's national research program and of those imported from the international agricultural research system. Our results find that from 1980-95, China's total factor productivity for rice, wheat and maize grew rapidly and new technology accounts for most of the productivity growth.
Explanation of the Tao effect
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a series of experiments Tao and coworkers\cite{tao1,tao2,tao3} found that superconducting microparticles in the presence of a strong electrostatic field aggregate into balls of macroscopic dimensions. No explanation of this phenomenon exists within the conventional theory of superconductivity. We show that this effect can be understood within an alternative electrodynamic description of superconductors recently proposed that follows from an unconventional theory of superconductivity. Experiments to test the theory are discussed.
description: Submitted to Science January 2nd, declined January 6th; to Nature January 7th, declined January 13th; to PRL January 14th, declined February 25th
SPATIAL AND SUPPLY/DEMAND AGGLOMERATION ECONOMIES: AN EVALUATION OF STATE-AND-INDUSTRY-LINKAGES IN THE U.S. FOOD SYSTEM
Creators: name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
name: Cohen, Jeffrey P.
name: Morrison Paul, Catherine J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Productivity Analysis

description: In this paper we postulate, measure, and evaluate the importance of cost-impacts from spatial and industrial spillovers for analysis of economic performance. To accomplish this, we incorporate measures of "activity levels" of related states and industries in a cost function model, and estimate their associated thick market and agglomeration effects in terms of shadow values and elasticities. We focus on the food processing sector, the proximity of own-industry activity in neighboring states, and the supply- and demand- side "drivers", associated with urbanization and localization economies (represented by the GSP and agricultural intensity in the own and neighboring states). We find significant cost-savings benefits to a states' food processing sector of being close to other food manufacturing centers (high levels of food processing activity in neighboring states). We also find it beneficial to be in a state with high purchasing power (demand), and to have neighboring states that are agriculture-based (supply). However, it also seems costly to actually be located in a heavily agricultural or rural state, possibly due to diseconomies from "thin markets" associated with infrastructure support and labor markets.
Interaction rates in cosmology: heavy particle production and scattering
Creators: name: Rai, Mudit
name: Boyanovsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study transition rates and cross sections from first principles in a spatially flat radiation dominated cosmology. We consider a model of scalar particles to study scattering and heavy particle production from pair annihilation, drawing more general conclusions. The S-matrix formulation is ill suited to study these ubiquitous processes in a rapidly expanding cosmology. We introduce a physically motivated adiabatic expansion that relies on wavelengths much smaller than the particle horizon at a given time. The leading order in this expansion dominates the transition rates and cross sections. Several important and general results are direct consequences of the cosmological redshift and a finite particle horizon: i) a violation of local Lorentz invariance, ii) freeze-out of the production cross section at a finite time, iii) sub-threshold production of heavier particles as a consequence of the uncertainty in the local energy from a finite particle horizon, a manifestation of the \emph{antizeno} effect. If heavy dark matter is produced via annihilation of a lighter species, sub-threshold production yields an enhanced abundance. We discuss several possible consequences of these effects.
description: more discussions
On Linearizing Systems of Diffusion Equations
Creators: name: Sophocleous, Christodoulos
name: Wiltshire, Ron J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider systems of diffusion equations that have considerable interest in Soil Science and Mathematical Biology and focus upon the problem of finding those forms of this class that can be linearized. In particular we use the equivalence transformations of the second generation potential system to derive forms of this system that can be linearized. In turn, these transformations lead to nonlocal mappings that linearize the original system.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
Effectiveness of isolation measures with app support to contain COVID-19 epidemics: a parametric approach
Creators: name: Maiorana, Andrea
name: Meneghelli, Marco
name: Resnati, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 92D30, 62P10

description: In this study, we analyze the effectiveness of measures aimed at finding and isolating infected individuals to contain epidemics like COVID-19, as the suppression induced over the effective reproduction number. We develop a mathematical model to compute the relative suppression of the effective reproduction number of an epidemic that such measures produce. This outcome is expressed as a function of a small set of parameters that describe the main features of the epidemic and summarize the effectiveness of the isolation measures. In particular, we focus on the impact when a fraction of the population uses a mobile application for epidemic control. Finally, we apply the model to COVID-19, providing several computations as examples, and a link to a public repository to run custom calculations. These computations display in a quantitative manner the importance of recognizing infected individuals from symptoms and contact-tracing information, and isolating them as early as possible. The computations also assess the impact of each variable on the suppression of the epidemic.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Measurement of direct photons in s(NN)**1/2 = 200 GeV p+p and Au+Au collisions with the PHENIX Experiment at RHIC
Creators: name: Bathe, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of direct photons in s(NN)**1/2 = 200 GeV p+p and Au+Au collisions is presented. The signal is compared to NLO pQCD calculations, which, in case of Au+Au, are scaled with the number of underlying nucleon-nucleon collisions. The agreement of the calculation with the data in both cases confirms the scaling of hard processes with the number of nucleon-nucleon collisions and supports the explanation of the earlier-observed pion suppression as a final-state effect.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, To appear in the proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Physics and Astrophysics of Quark Gluon Plasma (ICPAQGP), Calcutta, India, February 8 - 12, 2005
Magnetic turbulence in cool cores of galaxy clusters
Creators: name: Ensslin, T. A.
name: Vogt, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that the recently reported Kolmogorov-like magnetic turbulence spectrum in the cool core of the Hydra A galaxy cluster can be understood by kinetic energy injection by active galaxies that drives a turbulent non-helical magnetic dynamo into its saturated state. Although dramatic differences exist between small-scale dynamo scenarios, their saturated state is expected to be similar, as we show for three scenarios: the flux rope dynamo, the fluctuation dynamo, and the explosive dynamo. Based on those scenarios, we develop an analytical model of the hydrodynamic and magnetic turbulence in cool cores. The model implies magnetic field strengths that fit well with Faraday rotation measurements and minimum energy estimates for the sample of cool core clusters having such data available. Predictions for magnetic fields in clusters for which the appropriate observational information is still missing, and for yet unobserved quantities like the hydrodynamical turbulence velocity and characteristic length-scale are provided. The underlying dynamo models suggest magnetic intermittency and possibly a large-scale hydrodynamic viscosity. We conclude that the success of the model to explain the field strength in cool core clusters indicates that in general cluster magnetic fields directly reflect hydrodynamical turbulence, also in clusters without cool cores.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, A&A in press
Solenostoma flagellatum var. kurilense Vana, Phytotaxa
Creators: name: Söderström, Lars
name: Hagborg, Anders
name: Konrat, Matt Von
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Bryophyta
Jungermanniopsida
Jungermanniales
Solenostomataceae
Solenostoma
Solenostoma flagellatum
Solenostoma flagellatum var. kurilense (bakalin) váňa,

description: Solenostoma flagellatum var. kurilense (Bakalin) Váňa,
Phytotaxa 65: 44, 2012 (see Váňa et al. 2012c). BASIONYM: Plectocolea flagellata var. kurilensis Bakalin, Arctoa 18: 90, 2009 (see Bakalin et al. 2009).
NOTE: This variety also creates the autonym.
description: Published as part of Söderström, Lars, Hagborg, Anders & Konrat, Matt Von, 2014, Early Land Plants Today: Index of Liverworts & Hornworts 2011 - 2012, pp. 61-85 in Phytotaxa 170 (2) on page 74, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.170.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4779611