cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Freer International Trade and the Consequences for EU rural areas
Creators: name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
name: Bureau, Jean-Christophe
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Trade liberalization
subject: European Rural regions
subject: rural development policies

description: General equilibrium models estimated by various authors and institutions show that, although trade liberalization leads to aggregate welfare gains, there are winners and losers when it comes to the distribution. The aim of this article is to determine to what extent rural regions have won or lost in the trade opening process that has been underway since the 1990s. The economic literature on international trade and regional development suggests the presence of opposing forces, making the global impact of international trade liberalization on rural areas ambiguous. Using a series of empirical studies, in particular the DREAM model (CEPII), the author assesses the impact of trade opening on the European Regions, observing a significant proportion of losers in the trade liberalization process among the rural regions of Europe. The article concludes with an analysis of the negative effects of welfare losses on the environment and territorial ordering in many rural regions, and suggests the need to address the problem by modifying current EU policies. Comercio internacional libre y las consecuencias para las áreas rurales europeas Resumen Los modelos de equilibrio general estimados por varios autores e instituciones muestran que, aunque la liberalización del comercio conduce a un bienestar agregado, hay ganadores y perdedores cuando se tiene en cuenta la distribución. El objetivo de este artículo es determinar que regiones rurales han ganado y cuáles han perdido en el proceso de apertura de los mercados que está en proceso desde 1990. La literatura económica sobre comercio internacional y desarrollo regional sugiere que la presencia de fuerzas de oposición, hace que el impacto global de la liberalización internacional del mercado sobre las áreas rurales sea ambiguo. Usando una serie de estudios empíricos, en particular el modelo DREAM (CEPII), el autor asegura el impacto de la apertura de mercados en las regiones europeas, observando una proporción significativa de perdedores entre las regiones rurales de Europa. El artículo concluye con un análisis de los efectos negativos de las pérdidas de protección sobre el ambiente y el territorio, y sugiere la necesidad de dirigir el problema mediante una modificación de las políticas actuales de la UE. Palabras clave: liberalización de mercado, regiones rurales europeas, política de desarrollo rural.
The Evolution of the Optical and Near-Infrared Galaxy Luminosity Functions and Luminosity Densities to z~2
Creators: name: Dahlen, Tomas
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Somerville, Rachel S.
name: Moustakas, Leonidas A.
name: Dickinson, Mark
name: Ferguson, Henry C.
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Hubble Space Telescope and ground-based U through K- band photometry from the Great Observatories Origins Deep Survey (GOODS), we measure the evolution of the luminosity function and luminosity density in the rest-frame optical (UBR) to z ~ 2, bridging the poorly explored ``redshift desert'' between z~1 and z~2. We also use deep near-infrared observations to measure the evolution in the rest-frame J-band to z~1. Compared to local measurements from the SDSS, we find a brightening of the characteristic magnitude, (M*), by ~2.1, \~0.8 and ~0.7 mag between z=0.1 and z=1.9, in U, B, and R bands, respectively. The evolution of M* in the J-band is in the opposite sense, showing a dimming between redshifts z=0.4 and z=0.9. This is consistent with a scenario in which the mean star formation rate in galaxies was higher in the past, while the mean stellar mass was lower, in qualitative agreement with hierarchical galaxy formation models. We find that the shape of the luminosity function is strongly dependent on spectral type and that there is strong evolution with redshift in the relative contribution from the different spectral types to the luminosity density. We find good agreement in the luminosity function derived from an R-selected and a K-selected sample at z~1, suggesting that optically selected surveys of similar depth (R < 24) are not missing a significant fraction of objects at this redshift relative to a near-infrared-selected sample. We compare the rest-frame B-band luminosity functions from z~0--2 with the predictions of a semi-analytic hierarchical model of galaxy formation, and find qualitatively good agreement. In particular, the model predicts at least as many optically luminous galaxies at z~1--2 as are implied by our observations.
description: 43 pages; 15 Figures; 5 Tables, Accepted for publication in Ap.J
Efecto de la intensificacion sobre la eficiencia de las explotaciones lecheras
Creators: name: Alvarez, Antonio
name: Del Corral, Julio
name: Perez, Jose Antonio
name: Solis, Daniel
name: Alvarez, Antonio
name: Del Corral, Julio
name: Perez, Jose Antonio
name: Solis, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: cluster analysis
subject: efficiency
subject: ex ante cost function
subject: intensification

description: This study analyzes the differences on production cost associated with the intensification of production for a sample of dairy farms in Asturias. In doing so, we account for two methodological issues which are not usually considered in the empirical literature. On the one hand, we allow for different technologies within the sample. On the other hand, we estimate ex ante cost functions, which use "planned output" instead of the traditional ex post approach which uses the "observed output". Our results show a positive relation between intensification and efficiency. RESUMEN Este trabajo analiza las diferencias en costes de producción asociados con la intensificación productiva de explotaciones lecheras en Asturias. Para lograr este objetivo se han considerado dos aspectos que no se suelen abordar habitualmente en la literatura empírica sobre funciones de costes. Por un lado, se permite la existencia de distintas tecnologías en la muestra. Por otro lado, se estiman funciones de costes ex ante, donde se utiliza el "output planeado" en lugar del método tradicional ex post en donde se usa el "output observado". Los resultados obtenidos muestran claramente la existencia de una relación positiva entre intensificación productiva y eficiencia. Palabras clave: análisis cluster, eficiencia, función de costes ex ante, intensificación
Elicitation on ergative marking and embedded negation
Creators: name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Rudolph, Ruth (Analidele)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for an elicitation reviewing ergative marking in purpose clauses, embedded subjects, negation in embedded clauses, and some work on "ina". Corresponds to pages 217-223 in Notebook 2.
Lattice sums of $I$-Bessel functions, theta functions, linear codes and heat equations
Creators: name: Hasegawa, Takehiro
name: Saigo, Hayato
name: Saito, Seiken
name: Sugiyama, Shingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 33C10, Secondary 11F27, 94B05, 35K05

description: We extend a certain type of identities on sums of $I$-Bessel functions on lattices, previously given by G. Chinta, J. Jorgenson, A. Karlsson and M. Neuhauser. Moreover we prove that, with continuum limit, the transformation formulas of theta functions such as the Dedekind eta function can be given by $I$-Bessel lattice sum identities with characters. We consider analogues of theta functions of lattices coming from linear codes and show that sums of $I$-Bessel functions defined by linear codes can be expressed by complete weight enumerators. We also prove that $I$-Bessel lattice sums appear as solutions of heat equations on general lattices. As a further application, we obtain an explicit solution of the heat equation on $\mathbb{Z}^n$ whose initial condition is given by a linear code.
A Note on Commutation Relation in Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Nagano, Lento
name: Terashima, Seiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note, we explicitly compute the vacuum expectation value of the commutator of scalar fields in a d-dimensional conformal field theory on the cylinder. We find from explicit calculations that we need smearing not only in space but also in time to have finite commutators except for those of free scalar operators. Thus the equal time commutators of the scalar fields are not well-defined for a non-free conformal field theory, even if which is defined from the Lagrangian. We also have the commutator for a conformal field theory on Minkowski space, instead of the cylinder, by taking the small distance limit. For the conformal field theory on Minkowski space, the above statements are also applied.
description: 19 pages; v2: added clarifications, published in JHEP
Imprescriptibilidad e inembargabilidad de derechos sociolaborales a partir del método de ponderación de derechos
Creators: name: Pérez Arce, Christian Nelio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 180103 Administrative Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: La imprescriptibilidad y la inembargabilidad están vinculadas al principio de intangibilidad de la remuneración; por una parte, la imprescriptibilidad, se considera como un principio genérico, al establecer que los derechos sociolaborales no pueden prescribir. Por su parte, la inembargabilidad, conlleva que los derechos sociolaborales, no pueden ser embargados, por su carácter alimentario y vital para el trabajador y su familia. En particular, el carácter vital que tiene este, se vincula al principio y/o característica de suficiencia que tiene el salario. A su vez, el método de la ponderación de derechos, será la manera de aplicar los principios y de resolver las colisiones que pueden presentarse entre ellos y los principios o razones que jueguen, en sentido contrario, bajo los sub- principios, que son el juicio de adecuación, el juicio de necesidad, y el juicio de proporcionalidad. En consecuencia, la inembargabilidad de la remuneración requiere un límite, y el límite es el salario mínimo nacional, adicionalmente se pueden establecer excepciones a estos límites a partir del método de la ponderación, ante situaciones de fuerza mayor y otras excepciones que se puedan presentar.
Una nota sobre la recuperacion de costes de los servicios del agua en la cuenca del Gallego
Creators: name: Perez Y Perez, Luis
name: Hurle, Jesus Barreiro
name: Perez Y Perez, Luis
name: Hurle, Jesus Barreiro
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: water policy
subject: water framework directive
subject: cost recovery

description: Up to date, water management in Spain has been focused on supply approaches, with the result of providing consumers with this resource at a low price. Developments in the institutional framework regulating water management in the European context (mainly the implementation of the Water Framework Directive) have shifted this approach in order to promote sustainable water use. To achieve this objective, tariff policy must now take into account the water services cost-recovery principle for its different uses. Within this context, this paper estimates the public capital stock related to water supply and assesses the existing level of cost-recovery related to that stock. The methodology used, compares the tax level needed for full-cost recovery with actual revenues from different water-related taxes. The case study area is Gallego River basin in Aragon, and results show the low cost-recovery level for most water services. RESUMEN Tradicionalmente la gestión del agua en España se ha basado en un enfoque de oferta, que ha proporcionado el recurso a los usuarios a bajo precio. En la actualidad, la política europea que propugna la Directiva Marco del Agua (DMA) tiene como objetivo el promover su uso sostenible. Por ello, se ha de aplicar una política tarifaria que tenga en cuenta el principio de recuperación de costes de los servicios del agua en sus distintos usos. Los objetivos del trabajo son estimar el stock de capital público hidráulico y determinar el nivel de recuperación de los costes ligados a dicho stock, comparando las tarifas teóricamente óptimas para amortizar los costes, con los ingresos provenientes del cobro de los distintos cánones y tarifas. El análisis empírico se ha llevado a cabo sobre la cuenca del río Gallego y pone de manifiesto el todavía escaso nivel de recuperación de los costes en la mayoría de los servicios del agua. Palabras clave: Política del agua, Directiva Marco del Agua, recuperación de costes
Twisted Commutators and Internal Crossed Modules
Creators: name: Deval, Bo Shan
name: Van der Linden, Tim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18D40, 18E13, 18G45

description: We introduce a notion of relative commutator -- an important special case being commutators twisted by an action -- as a straightforward modification of the definition of the Higgins commutator, establish its relation with a new notion of commutativity -- also obtained as a modification of the usual notion -- and show how we can use it to characterise internal crossed modules in the context of a semi-abelian category.
Additional file 3 of Development of a core outcome set for the evaluation of interventions to enhance trial participation decisions on behalf of adults who lack capacity to consent: a mixed methods study (COnSiDER Study)
Creators: name: Shepherd, V.
name: Wood, F.
name: Robling, M.
name: Randell, E.
name: Hood, K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Appendix 3. Round 2 consensus scores and status.
Di-hadron azimuthal correlation and Mach-like cone structure in parton/hadron transport model
Creators: name: Ma, G. L.
name: Zhang, S.
name: Ma, Y. G.
name: Huang, H. Z.
name: Cai, X. Z.
name: Chen, J. H.
name: He, Z. J.
name: Long, J. L.
name: Shen, W. Q.
name: Shi, X. H.
name: Zuo, J. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of a multi-phase transport model (AMPT) with both partonic and hadronic interactions, azimuthal correlations between trigger particles and associated scattering particles have been studied by the mixing-event technique. The momentum ranges of these particles are $3< p^{trig}_T< 6$ GeV/$c$ and $0.15< p_{T}^{assoc} < 3$ GeV/$c$ (soft), or $2.5$ increases, with the impact parameter in the AMPT model including partonic dynamics from string melting scenario.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures; Physics Letters B 641, 362-367 (2006)
Non-adiabatic dynamics in 10Be with the microscopic alpha+alpha+N+N model
Creators: name: Ito, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The alpha+6He low-energy reactions and the structural changes of 10Be in the microscopic alpha+alpha+N+N model are studied by the generalized two-center cluster model with the Kohn-Hulthen-Kato variation method. It is found that, in the inelastic scattering to the alpha+6He(2+) channel, characteristic enhancements are expected as the results of the parity-dependent non-adiabatic dynamics. In the positive parity state, the enhancement originates from the excited eigenstate generated by the radial excitation of the relative motion between two alpha-cores. On the other hand, the enhancement in the negative parity state is induced by the Landau-Zener level-crossing. These non-adiabatic processes are discussed in connection to the formation of the inversion doublet in the compound system of 10Be.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
The Tadpole Problem
Creators: name: Bena, Iosif
name: Blåbäck, Johan
name: Graña, Mariana
name: Lüst, Severin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the mechanism of moduli stabilization by fluxes in the limit of a large number of moduli. We conjecture that one cannot stabilize all complex-structure moduli in F-theory at a generic point in moduli space (away from singularities) by fluxes that satisfy the bound imposed by the tadpole cancelation condition. More precisely, while the tadpole bound in the limit of a large number of complex-structure moduli goes like 1/4 of the number of moduli, we conjecture that the amount of charge induced by fluxes stabilizing all moduli grows faster than this, and is therefore larger than the allowed amount. Our conjecture is supported by two examples: K3 x K3 compactifications, where by using evolutionary algorithms we find that moduli stabilization needs fluxes whose induced charge is 44% of the number of moduli, and Type IIB compactifications on CP^3, where the induced charge of the fluxes needed to stabilize the D7-brane moduli is also 44% of the number of these moduli. Proving our conjecture would rule out de Sitter vacua obtained via antibrane uplift in long warped throats with a hierarchically small supersymmetry breaking scale, which require a large tadpole.
description: 35 pages. v2 references added. v3 conventions unified, summary table added
Artificial Intelligence in Assessing Cardiovascular Diseases and Risk Factors via Retinal Fundus Images: A Review of the Last Decade
Creators: name: Abdollahi, Mirsaeed
name: Jafarizadeh, Ali
name: Asbagh, Amirhosein Ghafouri
name: Sobhi, Navid
name: Pourmoghtader, Keysan
name: Pedrammehr, Siamak
name: Asadi, Houshyar
name: Alizadehsani, Roohallah
name: Tan, Ru-San
name: Acharya, U. Rajendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.3.2; J.3.3

description: Background: Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the leading cause of death globally. The use of artificial intelligence (AI) methods - in particular, deep learning (DL) - has been on the rise lately for the analysis of different CVD-related topics. The use of fundus images and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in the diagnosis of retinal diseases has also been extensively studied. To better understand heart function and anticipate changes based on microvascular characteristics and function, researchers are currently exploring the integration of AI with non-invasive retinal scanning. There is great potential to reduce the number of cardiovascular events and the financial strain on healthcare systems by utilizing AI-assisted early detection and prediction of cardiovascular diseases on a large scale. Method: A comprehensive search was conducted across various databases, including PubMed, Medline, Google Scholar, Scopus, Web of Sciences, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Digital Library, using specific keywords related to cardiovascular diseases and artificial intelligence. Results: The study included 87 English-language publications selected for relevance, and additional references were considered. This paper provides an overview of the recent developments and difficulties in using artificial intelligence and retinal imaging to diagnose cardiovascular diseases. It provides insights for further exploration in this field. Conclusion: Researchers are trying to develop precise disease prognosis patterns in response to the aging population and the growing global burden of CVD. AI and deep learning are revolutionizing healthcare by potentially diagnosing multiple CVDs from a single retinal image. However, swifter adoption of these technologies in healthcare systems is required.
description: 41 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables, 114 references
Trapping neutral fermions with kink-like potentials
Creators: name: de Castro, Antonio S.
name: Hott, Marcelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The intrinsically relativistic problem of neutral fermions subject to kink--like potentials ($\sim \mathrm{tanh} γx$) is investigated and the exact bound-state solutions are found. Apart from the lonely hump solutions for $E=\pm mc^{2}$, the problem is mapped into the exactly solvable Surm-Liouville problem with a modified Pöschl-Teller potential. An apparent paradox concerning the uncertainty principle is solved by resorting to the concepts of effective mass and effective Compton wavelength.
description: 13 pages
Impacto de los acuerdos de asociacion en el comercio Euromediterraneo de frutas y hortalizas
Creators: name: Selva, Maria Luisa Marti
name: Garcia Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria
name: Selva, Maria Luisa Marti
name: Garcia Alvarez-Coque, Jose-Maria
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: association agreements
subject: gravity model
subject: trade of fruits and vegetables.

description: The aim of this research is to discuss a different way to represent the influence of Association Agreements on the agricultural trade between Southern Mediterranean Countries and the European Union in the period 1995-2004. A yearly analysis makes it possible to study trade changes after the Association Agreement between European Union and Southern Mediterranean Countries. For assessment of the Association Agreements, groups of countries with different treatment granted by the EU can separately considered. For these purposes, a gravity model approach could be of help, in particular for differentiated products such as fruits and vegetables. RESUMEN El objetivo de este artículo es analizar el comercio agrícola entre los países terceros mediterráneos y la Unión Europea durante el período 1995-2004. Fundamentalmente se estudia si la evolución del comercio a lo largo de estos años ha sido homogénea o si por el contrario determinados hechos como los Acuerdos Euromediterráneos (Acuerdos de Asociación) han sido influyentes en los flujos comerciales de frutas y hortalizas. El análisis se llevará a cabo mediante la especificación y estimación de una ecuación de gravedad que trata de explicar los flujos comerciales, a través de una serie de variables influyentes en un contexto internacional entre los países considerados, diferenciando productos como frutas y hortalizas. Palabras clave: Acuerdos de asociación, modelo de gravedad, comercio de frutas y hortalizas
ความต้องการของผู้ปกครองต่อโรงเรียนสาธิต กรณีศึกษา โรงเรียนสาธิตที่เน้นด้านการจัดการ-ภาษาอังกฤษ-ภาษาจีน-ภาษาญี่ปุ่น
Creators: name: ธันยวนันฐ์ เลียนอย่าง
name: พัชราภา อินทพรต
name: วริษา กังสวัสดิ์
name: จิรวุฒิ หลอมประโคน
Publisher: name: สถาบันการจัดการปัญญาภิวัฒน์
Year: 2558
Subjects: ความต้องการของผู้ปกครอง, โรงเรียนสาธิต, ด้านการจัดการ

description: 3, 7, วารสารปัญญาภิวัฒน์
Additional file 4 of Development of a core outcome set for the evaluation of interventions to enhance trial participation decisions on behalf of adults who lack capacity to consent: a mixed methods study (COnSiDER Study)
Creators: name: Shepherd, V.
name: Wood, F.
name: Robling, M.
name: Randell, E.
name: Hood, K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4: Appendix 4. Consensus scores and status_consensus meeting.
Valoracion de activos ambientales mediante metodos multicriterio. Aplicacion a la valoracion del Parque Natural del Alto Tajo
Creators: name: Bellver, Jeronimo Aznar
name: Guitart, Vicente Estruch
name: Bellver, Jeronimo Aznar
name: Guitart, Vicente Estruch
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: economic valuation
subject: environmental assets
subject: analytic hierarchy process
subject: goal programming

description: The valuation of these goods can be a relevant element for the conservation and improvement, though the intangible and inmaterial aspects of environmental asseets difficult the utilisation of the traditional methods of valuation. This work presents a methodology for the valuation of those assets combining multi-criteria methods, the Analytic Hierarchy Process and the Goal Programming and traditional method the Discounted Cash Flows. The combinatio of both techniques allows extracting and indicator of the Total Economic Value (TEV) of an environmental asset, as well as of each partial value which make up the TEV, including tangible and intangible elements. The proposed methodology is applied to the valuation of the Alto Tajo Natural Park RESUMEN Calcular el valor de los activos ambientales puede ser un elemento importante par su conservación y mejora, pero con los métodos tradicionales de valoración la consideración tanto de sus aspectos intangibles, es difícil, y en algunos casos imposible. En el presente trabajo se presenta una metodología de valoración de dichos activos que combina métodos multicriterio (Proceso Analítico Jerárquico y la programación por metas) con métodos tradicionales (método de actualización de rentas). La combinación de dichas técnicas permite deducir un indicador del Valor Económico Total de un activo ambiental y de los distintos valores parciales que lo componen, ya sean tangibles o intangibles. La metodología propuesta se ha aplicado a la valoración del Parque Natural del Alto Tajo. Palabras clave: valoración económica, recursos naturales, proceso analítico jerárquico, programación por metas
Heating Rate Profiles in Galaxy Clusters
Creators: name: Pope, Edward C. D.
name: Pavlovski, Georgi
name: Kaiser, Christian R.
name: Fangohr, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years evidence has accumulated suggesting that the gas in galaxy clusters is heated by non-gravitational processes. Here we calculate the heating rates required to maintain a physically motived mass flow rate, in a sample of seven galaxy clusters. We employ the spectroscopic mass deposition rates as an observational input along with temperature and density data for each cluster. On energetic grounds we find that thermal conduction could provide the necessary heating for A2199, Perseus, A1795 and A478. However, the suppression factor, of the clasical Spitzer value, is a different function of radius for each cluster. Based on the observations of plasma bubbles we also calculate the duty cycles for each AGN, in the absence of thermal conduction, which can provide the required energy input. With the exception of Hydra-A it appears that each of the other AGNs in our sample require duty cycles of roughly $10^{6}-10^{7}$ yrs to provide their steady-state heating requirements. If these duty cycles are unrealistic, this may imply that many galaxy clusters must be heated by very powerful Hydra-A type events interspersed between more frequent smaller-scale outbursts. The suppression factors for the thermal conductivity required for combined heating by AGN and thermal conduction are generally acceptable. However, these suppression factors still require `fine-tuning` of the thermal conductivity as a function of radius. As a consequence of this work we present the AGN duty cycle as a cooling flow diagnostic.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
La importancia del atributo origen en la eleccion de productos agroalimentarios. El caso del esparrago de Navarra
Creators: name: Cortinas, Monica
name: Chocarro, Raquel
name: Elorz, Margarita
name: Villanueva, M. Luisa
name: Cortinas, Monica
name: Chocarro, Raquel
name: Elorz, Margarita
name: Villanueva, M. Luisa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: designation of origin
subject: asparaguses from Navarra
subject: experimental design
subject: choice analysis
subject: latent segmentation

description: In this research, we analyze the importance of the extrinsic attributes in the customer's choice of the white asparagus category, paying special attention on the influence of the origin and in the asparagus designation of origin from Navarra. For this, an experiment was designed which included 18 choice screen's with choices made with combinations of the attributes. The results are analyzed according to a logit multinomial model which allows evaluating the importance of the attributes. Due to a latent segmentation, heterogeneity is controlled and we detect different customer segments. RESUMEN En este trabajo se analiza la importancia de los atributos extrínsecos en la elección del consumidor para la categoría del espárrago blanco, prestando especial atención a la influencia del origen y a la de la denominación de origen espárrago de Navarra. Para ello, se diseña un experimento que incluye 18 pantallas de elección con alternativas formadas por combinaciones de dichos atributos. Los resultados se analizan mediante un modelo logit multinomial que permite valorar la importancia de los atributos. Mediante una segmentación latente se controla la heterogeneidad y detectamos segmentos diferenciados en el conjunto de consumidores. Palabras clave: Denominación de Origen, espárrago de Navarra, diseño experimental, análisis de elección, segmentación latente
A Scalable Two-Level Domain Decomposition Eigensolver for Periodic Schrödinger Eigenstates in Anisotropically Expanding Domains
Creators: name: Theisen, Lambert
name: Stamm, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65N25, 65F15, 65N30, 65F10, 65N22, 65N55, 65F08

description: Accelerating iterative eigenvalue algorithms is often achieved by employing a spectral shifting strategy. Unfortunately, improved shifting typically leads to a smaller eigenvalue for the resulting shifted operator, which in turn results in a high condition number of the underlying solution matrix, posing a major challenge for iterative linear solvers. This paper introduces a two-level domain decomposition preconditioner that addresses this issue for the linear Schrödinger eigenvalue problem, even in the presence of a vanishing eigenvalue gap in non-uniform, expanding domains. Since the quasi-optimal shift, which is already available as the solution to a spectral cell problem, is required for the eigenvalue solver, it is logical to also use its associated eigenfunction as a generator to construct a coarse space. We analyze the resulting two-level additive Schwarz preconditioner and obtain a condition number bound that is independent of the domain's anisotropy, despite the need for only one basis function per subdomain for the coarse solver. Several numerical examples are presented to illustrate its flexibility and efficiency.
description: 26 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
The molecular characterization of Coxsackievirus B3 Pathogenisis
Creators: name: Stadnick, Ellamae
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The group B coxsackieviruses (CVBs) cause a variety of clinical manifestations in humans and are often fatal in infants under the age of three months. In the cardiovascular field, CVBs are considered the primary etiologic agent of virus-induced myocarditis. Although often a subclinical illness in adults, myocarditis may lead to chronic dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias and sudden death. Unlike other family members such as poliovirus, there is relatively little understanding of the mechanisms of pathogenesis of coxsackievirus and no vaccine is available. Therefore, the objective of this project was to map genetic regions associated with CVB3 virulence by studying antibody escape mutants which differ in their pathogenesis for heart tissue. In conjunction with previous work from the laboratory, a panel of ten antibody escape mutants was isolated: EM1- EM10. Sequence analysis of the genes encoding the capsid proteins (VP1-VP4) revealed that all but two mutants, EM7 and EM 10, contained a lysine to arginine mutation within the 'puff region' of VP2. In contrast, EM7 and EM10 contained a glutamate to glycine mutation within the 'knob region' of VP3. Both of these regions, the 'puff of VP2 and the 'knob' of VP3, have been shown to be neutralizing and/or immunodominant sites on the capsid surface of other picornaviruses. Complete sequence analysis of EMI and EM 10 revealed further mutations within the viral polymerase gene and the 5' nontranslated region which may be responsible for the phenotypes of these variants. As characterized in previous studies, EMI produces about tenfold lower titres in the hearts of infected mice as compared to the wildtype strain. This inability of EMI to replicate to wildtype levels in the hearts of infected animals does not appear to be the result of an inability to replicate in cardiomyocytes as demonstrated by in vitro analysis. The pathogenic phenotype of EM 10 in A/J mice has also been examined as part of this study. Data from these experiments suggest that EM 10 has a higher level of attenuation than EMI producing 100-1000 fold lower titres in the hearts of infected animals as compared to the wild type CVB3(RK) strain. In an attempt to determine if the lysine to argihine mutation in VP2 was responsible for the reduced myocarditic potential of EMI, this mutation was incorporated into an infectious clone of the wildtype strain. Despite multiple attempts the mutant clones did not produce infectious virus that could be tested for cardiovirulence. In summary this project has identified several loci within the CVB3 genome which may be responsible for the attenuated phenotypes of EMI and EM10. Correlation of such mutations with an alteration in a phenotypic property of interest, such as tropism for heart tissue, will lead to an increased understanding of CVB pathogenesis. This knowledge may be exploited in vaccine development.
Additional file 1 of Targeted cognitive game training enhances cognitive performance in multiple sclerosis patients treated with interferon beta 1-a
Creators: name: Menascu, Shay
name: Aloni, Roy
name: Dolev, Mark
name: Magalashvili, David
name: Gutman, Keren
name: Dreyer-Alster, Sapir
name: Tarpin-Bernard, Franck
name: Achiron, Ran
name: Harari, Gil
name: Achiron, Anat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Description of cognitive training games and level of performance.
Phase diagram of alpha matter with Skyrme-like scalar interaction
Creators: name: Satarov, Leonid M.
name: Poberezhnyuk, Roman V.
name: Mishustin, Igor N.
name: Stoecker, Horst
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of state and phase diagram of strongly interacting matter composed of $α$ particles are studied in the mean-field approximation. The particle interactions are included via a Skyrme-like mean field, containing both attractive and repulsive terms. The model parameters are found by fitting known values of binding energy and baryon density in the ground state of $α$ matter, obtained from microscopic calculations by Clark and Wang. Thermodynamic quantities of $α$ matter are calculated in the broad domains of temperature and baryon density, which can be reached in heavy-ion collisions at intermediate energies. The model predicts both first-order liquid-gas phase transition and Bose-Einstein condensation of $α$ particles. We present the profiles of scaled variance, sound velocity and isochoric heat capacity along the isentropic trajectories of $α$ matter. Strong density fluctuations are predicted in the vicinity of the critical point at temperature $T_c\approx 14~\textrm{MeV}$ and density $n_c\approx 0.012~\textrm{fm}^{-3}$.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures
Opinion publica sobre la multifuncionalidad del regadío: el caso de Castilla y Leon
Creators: name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Gomez-Ramos, Almudena
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Gomez-Ramos, Almudena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: multifunctionality
subject: social demand
subject: irrigated agriculture
subject: public perception
subject: Castilla y Leon

description: This paper analyses the demands from the society of Castilla y León (Spain) regarding its agricultural sector through the valuation of the relevance of its productive and non-productive functions. Additionally, it assesses the level of social satisfaction concerning the performance of these functions by irrigated agriculture in this region. For this purpose primary data colleted through a survey has been used. Results obtained show that the average citizen does not perceive a higher utility from irrigated agriculture compared with the whole agricultural sector. For these agricultural systems the social function is the element of multifunctionality considered most relevant regarding the perceived social welfare. Resumen Este trabajo analiza las demandas de la sociedad castellana y leonesa en relación a la agricultura mediante la valoración de la importancia de sus funciones productivas y no productivas. Asimismo, trata de cuantificar el nivel de satisfacción social del desempeño de dichas funciones por el regadío de la región. Para tal fin se ha utilizado información primaria procedente de una encuesta. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que el ciudadano medio de Castilla y León no percibe una utilidad diferencial del regadío respecto del resto del sector agrario. La función social del regadío es el elemento que más posiciona a los ciudadanos en cuanto a su contribución al bienestar social percibido. Palabras clave: multifuncionalidad, demanda social, percepción pública, agricultura de regadío, Castilla y León
Confinement of supernova explosions in a collapsing cloud
Creators: name: Kasliwal, M. M.
name: Lovelace, R. V. E.
name: Houck, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the confining effect of cloud collapse on an expanding supernova shockfront. We solve the differential equation for the forces on the shockfront due to ram pressure, supernova energy, and gravity. We find that the expansion of the shockfront is slowed and in fact reversed by the collapsing cloud. Including radiative losses and a potential time lag between supernova explosion and cloud collapse shows that the expansion is reversed at smaller distances as compared to the non-radiative case. We also consider the case of multiple supernova explosions at the center of a collapsing cloud. For instance, if we scale our self-similar solution to a single supernova of energy 10^51 ergs occurring when a cloud of initial density 10^2 H/cm^3 has collapsed by 50%, we find that the shockfront is confined to ~15 pc in ~1 Myrs. Our calculations are pertinent to the observed unusually compact non-thermal radio emission in blue compact dwarf galaxies (BCDs). More generally, we demonstrate the potential of a collapsing cloud to confine supernovae, thereby explaining how dwarf galaxies would exist beyond their first generation of star formation.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures
The NFA Acceptance Hypothesis: Non-Combinatorial and Dynamic Lower Bounds
Creators: name: Bringmann, Karl
name: Grønlund, Allan
name: Künnemann, Marvin
name: Larsen, Kasper Green
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We pose the fine-grained hardness hypothesis that the textbook algorithm for the NFA Acceptance problem is optimal up to subpolynomial factors, even for dense NFAs and fixed alphabets.
 We show that this barrier appears in many variations throughout the algorithmic literature by introducing a framework of Colored Walk problems. These yield fine-grained equivalent formulations of the NFA Acceptance problem as problems concerning detection of an $s$-$t$-walk with a prescribed color sequence in a given edge- or node-colored graph. For NFA Acceptance on sparse NFAs (or equivalently, Colored Walk in sparse graphs), a tight lower bound under the Strong Exponential Time Hypothesis has been rediscovered several times in recent years. We show that our hardness hypothesis, which concerns dense NFAs, has several interesting implications:
 - It gives a tight lower bound for Context-Free Language Reachability. This proves conditional optimality for the class of 2NPDA-complete problems, explaining the cubic bottleneck of interprocedural program analysis.
 - It gives a tight $(n+nm^{1/3})^{1-o(1)}$ lower bound for the Word Break problem on strings of length $n$ and dictionaries of total size $m$.
 - It implies the popular OMv hypothesis. Since the NFA acceptance problem is a static (i.e., non-dynamic) problem, this provides a static reason for the hardness of many dynamic problems.
 Thus, a proof of the NFA Acceptance hypothesis would resolve several interesting barriers. Conversely, a refutation of the NFA Acceptance hypothesis may lead the way to attacking the current barriers observed for Context-Free Language Reachability, the Word Break problem and the growing list of dynamic problems proven hard under the OMv hypothesis.
description: 35 pages, TheoretiCS journal version
Planificacion multicriterio de explotaciones agrarias en areas tropicales protegidas. El caso de la zona protectora Guanare-Masparro (Venezuela)
Creators: name: Flores, Jose
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
name: Flores, Jose
name: Gomez-Limon, Jose Antonio
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: agricultural planning
subject: protected areas
subject: analytic hierarchy process
subject: compromise programming
subject: Venezuela

description: La presente investigación tiene como objetivo principal el desarrollo de una propuesta metodológica de planificación multicriterio con el fin de optimizar el uso de la tierra con fines agrarios en áreas protegidas tropicales. Para ello se han empleado las técnicas del Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP) y la programación compromiso (PC), considerado objetivos de carácter económico, ambiental y social. La aplicación empírica desarrollada se ha centrado en un área protegida de Venezuela con tradicional vocación agraria. Los resultados de la planificación evidencia la existencia de importantes conflictos entre los objetivos planteados, así como la necesidad de la intervención pública para lograr un desempeño del sector agrario en concordancia con las soluciones compromiso calculadas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Planificación agraria, Áreas protegidas, Proceso Analítico Jerárquico (AHP), Programación compromiso, Venezuela. Multi-criteria planning of agricultural activities in rain-forest protected areas. The case of the Guanare-Masparro (Venezuela). ABSTRACT: This work has as main objective the development of a methodological approach for multi-criteria planning of agricultural land in rain-forest protected areas. For this purpose two main techniques have been used: the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the Compromise Programming (CP), both employed in order to include into the analysis objectives from a triple point of view: economics, social and environmental. The methodological approach proposed has been implemented in a Venezuelan protected area, where agricultural activities have been historically the main source of income for its population. The results point out the existence of important conflicts between the objectives considered, showing the convenience of public intervention in order to promote a performance of agricultural sector according to the compromise solutions obtained.
Influencia social y sostenibilidad en el uso de recursos renovables
Creators: name: Almudi, Isabel
name: Choliz, Julio Sanchez
name: Almudi, Isabel
name: Choliz, Julio Sanchez
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Renewable Resources
subject: Sustainability
subject: Environmental Information
subject: Overuse

description: En este trabajo presentamos un modelo en el que las actividades extractivas referidas a un recurso natural renovable, si son abusivas, generan algún tipo de reacción social que modifica las preferencias sociales. Esta modificación es tenida en cuenta por el planificador a la hora de decidir cual es la asignación intertemporal óptima entre consumo y stock del recurso. Bajo estas nuevas condiciones, nos preguntamos cómo cambia el stock del recurso natural en el estado estacionario y qué puede decirse acerca de la posibilidad de sobreexplotación en comparación con los modelos tradicionales en los que no se considera reacción social. Los resultados obtenidos muestran que bajo estas nuevas condiciones el stock del estado estacionario aumenta y el comportamiento de la economía se vuelve más conservacionista, disminuyendo el riesgo de sobreexplotación del recurso Palabras clave: Recursos Renovables, Sostenibilidad, Información Ambiental, Sobreexplotación SOCIAL INFLUENCE AND SUSTAINABILITY IN THE USE OF RENEWABLE RESOURCES Abstract In this paper we present a model in which we show that if the withdrawal activities referring to a renewable resource are abusive, they generate a social reaction of some kind that changes the social preferences. This change is taken into account by the social planner in deciding the optimal allocation between consumption and stock of the resource. Given these new conditions we ask how the stock of the resource in the steady state changes and what can be deduced about the chance of overuse of the resource. At the same time we compare these results to the ones obtained with traditional models which did not take social reactions into account. The conclusions obtained show that with these new conditions the stock of the steady state increases and the economy behavior becomes more conservative, diminishing the chance of overuse of the resource.
Elicitation on noun phrase word order, ergative marking, lists
Creators: name: Lekka, Mina
name: Rudolph, Johnny (Soni)
name: Rudolph, Ruth (Analidele)
name: Drummond, Emily
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: nkr

description: One .wav audio file and one .rtf transcription file for an elicitation on word order, ergative marking in purpose clauses, and lists. Corresponds to pages 211-217 in Notebook 2.