cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An Unsupervised Video Game Playstyle Metric via State Discretization
Creators: name: Lin, Chiu-Chou
name: Chiu, Wei-Chen
name: Wu, I-Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: On playing video games, different players usually have their own playstyles. Recently, there have been great improvements for the video game AIs on the playing strength. However, past researches for analyzing the behaviors of players still used heuristic rules or the behavior features with the game-environment support, thus being exhausted for the developers to define the features of discriminating various playstyles. In this paper, we propose the first metric for video game playstyles directly from the game observations and actions, without any prior specification on the playstyle in the target game. Our proposed method is built upon a novel scheme of learning discrete representations that can map game observations into latent discrete states, such that playstyles can be exhibited from these discrete states. Namely, we measure the playstyle distance based on game observations aligned to the same states. We demonstrate high playstyle accuracy of our metric in experiments on some video game platforms, including TORCS, RGSK, and seven Atari games, and for different agents including rule-based AI bots, learning-based AI bots, and human players.
description: This version was also published on UAI 2021
Additional file 1 of A report on parent involvement in planning a randomised controlled trial in neonatology and lactation – insights for current and future research
Creators: name: Levene, Ilana
name: Alderdice, Fiona
name: McCleverty, Beth
name: O’Brien, Frances
name: Fewtrell, Mary
name: Quigley, Maria A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Detailed list of questions for future research on breastmilk expression. A table listing detailed questions for future research on breastmilk expression, submitted by 675 respondents to an online questionnaire for parents of premature babies [50].
A kinematically detected planet candidate in a transition disk
Creators: name: Stadler, Jochen
name: Benisty, Myriam
name: Izquierdo, Andrés F.
name: Facchini, Stefano
name: Teague, Richard
name: Kurtovic, Nicolas
name: Pinilla, Paola
name: Bae, Jaehan
name: Ansdell, Megan
name: Loomis, Ryan
name: Mayama, Satoshi
name: Pérez, Laura M.
name: Testi, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transition disks are protoplanetary disks with inner cavities possibly cleared by massive companions, which makes them prime targets to observe at high resolution to map their velocity structure. We present ALMA Band 6 dust and gas observations of the transition disk around RXJ1604.3-2130 A, known to feature nearly symmetric shadows in scattered light. We studied the $^{12}$CO line channel maps and moment maps of the line of sight velocity and peak intensity. We fitted a Keplerian model of the channel-by-channel emission to study line profile differences and produced deprojected radial profiles for all velocity components. The $^{12}$CO emission shows a cavity inwards of $\sim$56 au and within the dust continuum ring at 81 au. The azimuthal brightness variations in the $^{12}$CO line and dust continuum are broadly aligned with the shadows detected in scattered-light observations. We find a strong localized non-Keplerian feature toward the west within the continuum ring (at $R=41\pm 10$ au and $PA=280\pm 2 ^\circ$). A tightly wound spiral is also detected which extends over 300$^\circ$ in azimuth, possibly connected to the localized non-Keplerian feature. Finally, a bending of the iso-velocity contours within the gas cavity indicates a highly perturbed inner region, possibly related to the presence of a misaligned inner disk. While broadly aligned with the scattered-light shadows, the localized non-Keplerian feature cannot be solely due to changes in temperature. Instead, we interpret the kinematical feature as tracing a massive companion located at the edge of the dust continuum ring. We speculate that the spiral is caused by buoyancy resonances driven by planet-disk interactions. However, this potential planet at $\sim$41 au cannot explain the gas-depleted cavity, the low accretion rate, and the misaligned inner disk, which suggests the presence of another companion closer in.
description: 13 pages, 14 figures. To be published in Astronomy & Astrophysics Letters
Temporal variations in the stable carbon isotopic composition of methane emitted from Minnesota peatlands
Creators: name: Kelly, C.A.
name: Martens, C.S.
name: Dise, N.B.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 1992

description: The stable carbon isotopic composition of methane (δ13C) emitted from two peatland sites in the Marcell Experimental Forest in northern Minnesota was investigated during the snow‐free season of 1989–1990. A seasonal range in δ13C values of 13‰ was seen for a forested bog with heavier (13C enriched) methane emitted during the wanner summer months. This shift was correlated with water table level suggesting control by microbial oxidation. Methane from a nearby poor fen transitional to bog dominated by Carex oligosperma showed a similar temporal trend but with a much smaller range of 5‰ during the same time period and with no water table level correlation. The methane emitted from the fen was consistently heavier than that emitted by the bog.
An accurate and efficient algorithm for detection of radio bursts with an unknown dispersion measure, for single dish telescopes and interferometers
Creators: name: Zackay, Barak
name: Ofek, Eran O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomical radio bursts disperse while traveling through the interstellar medium. To optimally detect a short-duration signal within a frequency band, we have to precisely compensate for the pulse dispersion, which is a computationally demanding task. We present the Fast Dispersion Measure Transform (FDMT) algorithm for optimal detection of such signals. Our algorithm has a low theoretical complexity of 2N_f N_t+ N_t N_d log_2(N_f) where N_f, N_t and N_d are the numbers of frequency bins, time bins, and dispersion measure bins, respectively. Unlike previously suggested fast algorithms our algorithm conserves the sensitivity of brute force dedispersion. Our tests indicate that this algorithm, running on a standard desktop computer, and implemented in a high-level programming language, is already faster than the state of the art dedispersion codes running on graphical processing units (GPUs). We also present a variant of the algorithm that can be efficiently implemented on GPUs. The latter algorithm's computation and data transport requirements are similar to those of two-dimensional FFT, indicating that incoherent dedispersion can now be considered a non-issue while planning future surveys. We further present a fast algorithm for sensitive dedispersion of pulses shorter than normally allowed by incoherent dedispersion. In typical cases this algorithm is orders of magnitude faster than coherent dedispersion by convolution. We analyze the computational complexity of pulsed signal searches by radio interferometers. We conclude that, using our suggested algorithms, maximally sensitive blind searches for such pulses is feasible using existing facilities. We provide an implementation of these algorithms in Python and MATLAB.
description: Submitted to ApJ. Comments and suggestions are welcome!
Supplementary document for Dry powders reflectance model based on enhanced back-scattering: case of hematite α-Fe₂O₃ - 6551122.pdf
Creators: name: Gerardin, Morgane
name: Martinetto, Pauline
name: Holzschuch, Nicolas
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document.
Additional file 2 of A report on parent involvement in planning a randomised controlled trial in neonatology and lactation – insights for current and future research
Creators: name: Levene, Ilana
name: Alderdice, Fiona
name: McCleverty, Beth
name: O’Brien, Frances
name: Fewtrell, Mary
name: Quigley, Maria A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Detailed list of questions for future research on direct breastfeeding for preterm infants. A table listing detailed questions for future research on direct breastfeeding, submitted by 675 respondents to an online questionnaire for parents of premature babies.
Carbon and hydrogen isotopic characterization of methane from wetlands and lakes of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta, western Alaska
Creators: name: Showers, W.J.
name: Martens, C.S.
name: Kelley, C.A.
name: Chanton, J.P.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 1992

description: The total methane flux to the troposphere from tundra environments of the Yukon-Kuskokwim Delta is dominated by emissions from wet meadow tundra (~75%) and small, organic-rich lakes (~20%). The mean δ13C value of methane diffusing into collar-mounted flux chambers from wet meadow environments near Bethel, Alaska, was -65.82±2.21‰ (±1 sigma, n=18) for the period July 10 to August 10, 1988. A minimum ebullition estimated for the 5% of total Delta area comprised of small lakes ranges from 0.34 to 9.7 × 1010g Ch4yr-1, which represents 0.6% to 17% of the total Delta methane emission. The δ13C and δD values of this ebullitive flux are -61.41±2.46‰ (n=38) and -341.8±18.2‰ (n=21), respectively. The methane in gas bubbles from two lakes is of modern, bomb carbon enriched, radiocarbon age. Gas bubble δ13C values varied from 2 to 5‰ seasonally, reaching heaviest values in midsummer; no such variations in δD values were observed.
The top quark chromomagnetic dipole moment in the SM from the 4-body vertex function
Creators: name: Montano-Dominguez, J.
name: Ramirez-Zavaleta, F.
name: Tututi, E. S.
name: Urquiza-Trejo, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new proposal to compute the anomalous chromomagnetic dipole moment of the top quark, $\hatμ_t$, in the Standard Model is presented. On the basis of the 5-dimensional effective Lagrangian operator that characterizes the quantum-loop induced chromodipolar vertices $gt\bar{t}$ and $ggt\bar{t}$, the $\hatμ_t$ anomaly is derived via radiative correction at the 1-loop level from the non-Abelian 4-body vertex function $ggt\bar{t}$. We evaluate $\hatμ_t(s)$ as a function of the energy scale $s=\pm E^2$, for $E=[10,1000]$ GeV, taking into account the running of the quark masses and alpha strong through the $\overline{\mathrm{MS}}$ scheme. In particular, we find that at the typical energy scale $E=m_Z$ for high-energy physics, similarly to $α_s(m_Z^2)$, $α(m_Z^2)$ and $s_W(m_Z^2)$, the spacelike evaluation yields $\hatμ_t(-m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.025$$+$$0.00384i$ and the timelike $\hatμ_t(m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.0318$$-$$0.0106i$. This Re$\thinspace\hatμ_t(-m_Z^2)$ $=$ $-0.025$ from $ggt\bar{t}$ is even closer to the experimental central value $\hatμ_t^\mathrm{Exp}=$ $-0.024$, than that coming from the known 3-body vertex function $gt\bar{t}$, $-0.0224$. Once again, the Im$\thinspace\hatμ_t(-m_Z^2)$ part is due to the contribution of virtual charged currents, just like in the $gt\bar{t}$ case. We can infer that the spacelike prediction is the favored one.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Methane transport mechanisms and isotopic fractionation in emergent macrophytes of an Alaskan tundra lake
Creators: name: Kelley, C.A.
name: Martens, C.S.
name: Showers, W.J.
name: Chanton, J.P.
name: Crill, P.M.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 1992

description: The carbon isotopic composition of methane emitted by the Alaskan emergent aquatic plants Arctophila fulva, a tundra mid-lake macrophyte, and Carex rostrata, a tundra lake margin macrophyte, was -58.6±0.5 (n=2) and -66.6±2.5 (n=6) ‰ respectively. The methane emitted by these species was found to be depleted in 13C by 12‰ and 18‰, relative to methane withdrawn from plant stems 1 to 2cm below the waterline. As the macrophyte-mediated methane flux represented approximately 97% of the flux from these sites, these results suggest the more rapid transport of 12CH4 relative to 13CH4 through plants to the atmosphere. Plant stem methane concentrations ranged from 0.2 to 4.0% (x̄, 1.4; standard deviation (sd), 0.9; n=28) in Arctophila, with an isotopic composition of -46.1±4.3‰) (n=8). Carex stem methane concentrations were lower, ranging from 150 to 1200 ppm (x̄, 500; standard deviation, 360; n=8), with an isotopic composition of -48.3±1.4‰ (n=3).
A bridge between unified cosmic history by $f(R)$-gravity and BIonic system
Creators: name: Sepehri, Alireza
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: Setare, Mohammad Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the cosmological deceleration-acceleration transition redshift in $f(R)$ gravity has been considered in order to address consistently the problem of cosmic evolution. It is possible to show that the deceleration parameter changes sign at a given redshift according to observational data. Furthermore, a $f(R)$ gravity cosmological model can be constructed in brane-antibrane system starting from the very early universe and accounting for the cosmological redshift at all phases of cosmic history, from inflation to late time acceleration. Here we propose a $f(R)$ model where transition redshifts correspond to inflation-deceleration and deceleration-late time acceleration transitions starting froma BIon system. At the point where the universe was born, due to the transition of $k$ black fundamental strings to the BIon configuration, the redshift is approximately infinity and decreases with reducing temperature ($z\sim T^{2}$). The BIon is a configuration in flat space of a universe-brane and a parallel anti-universe-brane connected by a wormhole. This wormhole is a channel for flowing energy from extra dimensions into our universe, occurring at inflation and decreasing with redshift as $z\sim T^{4+1/7}$. Dynamics consists with the fact that the wormhole misses its energy and vanishes as soon as inflation ends and deceleration begins. Approaching two universe branes together, a tachyon is originated, it grows up and causes the formation of a wormhole. We show that, in the framework of $f(R)$ gravity, the cosmological redshift depends on the tachyonic potential and has a significant decrease at deceleration-late time acceleration transition point ($z\sim T^{2/3}$). As soon as today acceleration approaches, the redshift tends to zero and the cosmological model reduces to the standard $Λ$CDM cosmology.
description: 12 pages
Optics-less beam control of EUV high harmonics generated from solids
Creators: name: Kim, Byunggi
name: Choi, Seungman
name: Kim, Yong Woo
name: Won, Seung Jai
name: Kim, Young-Jin
name: Kim, Seung-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High harmonics generation (HHG) of coherent extreme ultraviolet (EUV) radiation enables ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy with attosecond-scale timing resolutions. Yet beam control of generated EUV radiation remains a major challenge for handy implementation of ultrafast spectroscopy particularly for nano-micro samples. Here, we demonstrate a solid-based HHG scheme that incorporates non-collinear illumination to perform the propagation control of EUV harmonics by wavefront phase manipulation via a spatial light modulator. Further, our solid-based non-collinear HHG scheme converts EUV harmonics to Bessel beams without extra optics for beam focusing, offering a useful tool for diverse EUV applications of metrology and fabrication.
description: 22 pages, 4 figures, 6 supplementary figures. The first two authors contributed equally to this work
Amazon Capims (floating grassmats): A source of 13C enriched methane to the troposphere
Creators: name: Bartlett, K.
name: Chanton, J.
name: Martens, C.
name: Crill, P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1989

description: The 13C isotopic composition of methane emitted to the troposphere from Amazon capims (floating grassmats) ranged from −36.9 to −48.0‰, averaging −44.4 ± 4.2‰. All pools of methane associated with the grassmats were 13C enriched; methane withdrawn from plant stems ranged from −39 to −49‰ while bubbles stirred from the root mat averaged −41.4‰. As the CH4 flux from these habitats makes up some 40% of the total flux from the Amazon floodplain, CH4 emissions from the region as a whole must be enriched in the heavy carbon isotope. Methane withdrawn from the stems of five genera of rooted macrophytes ranging in latitude from the Florida Everglades to the Alaskan Arctic exhibited 13C enrichment relative to the sedimentary methane bubble reservoir. Several hypotheses based upon isotopic fractionation by methane transport, oxidation and production processes are proposed to explain this phenomenon.
Macroscopic scalar curvature and codimension 2 width
Creators: name: Alpert, Hannah
name: Balitskiy, Alexey
name: Guth, Larry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that a complete $3$-dimensional Riemannian manifold $M$ with finitely generated first homology has macroscopic dimension $1$ if it satisfies the following "macroscopic curvature" assumptions: every ball of radius $10$ in $M$ has volume at most $4$, and every loop in every ball of radius $1$ in $M$ is null-homologous in the concentric ball of radius $2$.
description: 8 pages
Kazhdan-Lusztig Algorithm for Whittaker Modules with Arbitrary Infinitesimal Characters
Creators: name: Zhao, Qixian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10 (primary) 32C38 (secondary)

description: Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a complex semisimple Lie algebra. We give a description of characters of irreducible Whittaker modules for $\mathfrak{g}$ with any infinitesimal character, along with a Kazhdan-Lusztig algorithm for computing them. This generalizes Milicic-Soergel's and Romanov's results for integral infinitesimal characters. As a special case, we recover the non-integral Kazhdan-Lusztig conjecture for Verma modules.
description: Changes in v3: Title is changed to better reflect the content of the paper. Exposition is improved, especially the introduction. Notations are also improved. Various typos are corrected. Changes in v4: corrected more typos
Additional file 9 of Transcriptional and epigenetic changes during tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection in tomato
Creators: name: Romero-Rodríguez, Beatriz
name: Petek, Marko
name: Jiao, Chen
name: Križnik, Maja
name: Zagorščak, Maja
name: Fei, Zhangjun
name: Bejarano, Eduardo R.
name: Gruden, Kristina
name: Castillo, Araceli G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 9. Fig. S9. Functional enrichment of the predicted target genes from the DEmiRNAs in response to TYLCV infection at 21 dpi.
Approximate symmetries, pseudo-Goldstones, and the second law of thermodynamics
Creators: name: Armas, Jay
name: Jain, Akash
name: Lier, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general hydrodynamic framework for systems with spontaneously broken approximate symmetries. The second law of thermodynamics naturally results in relaxation in the hydrodynamic equations, and enables us to derive a universal relation between damping and diffusion of pseudo- Goldstones. We discover entirely new physical effects sensitive to explicitly broken symmetries. We focus on systems with approximate U(1) and translation symmetries, with direct applications to pinned superfluids and charge density waves. We also comment on the implications for chiral perturbation theory.
description: v2: 6 pages + Supplementary Material
Newly-Discovered Planets Orbiting HD~5319, HD~11506, HD~75784 and HD~10442 from the N2K Consortium
Creators: name: Giguere, Matthew J.
name: Fischer, Debra A.
name: Payne, Matthew J.
name: Brewer, John M.
name: Johnson, John Asher
name: Howard, Andrew W.
name: Isaacson, Howard T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Initially designed to discover short-period planets, the N2K campaign has since evolved to discover new worlds at large separations from their host stars. Detecting such worlds will help determine the giant planet occurrence at semi-major axes beyond the ice line, where gas giants are thought to mostly form. Here we report four newly-discovered gas giant planets (with minimum masses ranging from 0.4 to 2.1 MJup) orbiting stars monitored as part of the N2K program. Two of these planets orbit stars already known to host planets: HD 5319 and HD 11506. The remaining discoveries reside in previously-unknown planetary systems: HD 10442 and HD 75784. The refined orbital period of the inner planet orbiting HD 5319 is 641 days. The newly-discovered outer planet orbits in 886 days. The large masses combined with the proximity to a 4:3 mean motion resonance make this system a challenge to explain with current formation and migration theories. HD 11506 has one confirmed planet, and here we confirm a second. The outer planet has an orbital period of 1627.5 days, and the newly-discovered inner planet orbits in 223.6 days. A planet has also been discovered orbiting HD 75784 with an orbital period of 341.7 days. There is evidence for a longer period signal; however, several more years of observations are needed to put tight constraints on the Keplerian parameters for the outer planet. Lastly, an additional planet has been detected orbiting HD 10442 with a period of 1043 days.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Complexity and rigidity of Ulrich modules, and some applications
Creators: name: Dey, Souvik
name: Ghosh, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 13D07, 13D02, 13H10

description: We analyze whether Ulrich modules, not necessarily maximal CM (Cohen-Macaulay), can be used as test modules, which detect finite homological dimensions of modules. We prove that Ulrich modules over CM local rings have maximal complexity and curvature. Various new characterizations of local rings are provided in terms of Ulrich modules. We show that every Ulrich module of dimension $s$ over a local ring is $(s+1)$-Tor-rigid-test, but not $s$-Tor-rigid in general (where $s\geq 1$). Over a deformation of a CM local ring of minimal multiplicity, we also study Tor rigidity.
description: 22 pages. Accepted at Mathematica Scandinavica
Secure access system using signature verification over tablet PC
Creators: name: Alonso-Fernandez, Fernando
name: Fierrez-Aguilar, Julian
name: Ortega-Garcia, Javier
name: Gonzalez-Rodriguez, Joaquin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Low-cost portable devices capable of capturing signature signals are being increasingly used. Additionally, the social and legal acceptance of the written signature for authentication purposes is opening a range of new applications. We describe a highly versatile and scalable prototype for Web-based secure access using signature verification. The proposed architecture can be easily extended to work with different kinds of sensors and large-scale databases. Several remarks are also given on security and privacy of network-based signature verification.
description: Published at IEEE Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine
An Emerging Wolf-Rayet Massive Star Cluster in NGC 4449
Creators: name: Sokal, Kimberly R.
name: Johnson, Kelsey E.
name: Indebetouw, Rémy
name: Reines, Amy E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a panchromatic investigation of the partially-embedded, emerging massive cluster Source 26 (= S26) in NGC 4449 with optical spectra obtained at Apache Point Observatory and archival Hubble, Spitzer, and Herschel Space Telescope images. First identified as a radio continuum source with a thermal component due to ionized material, the massive cluster S26 also exhibits optical Wolf-Rayet (WR) emission lines that reveal a large evolved massive star population. We find that S26 is host to $\sim$240 massive stars, of which $\sim$18 are Wolf-Rayet stars; the relative populations are roughly consistent with other observed massive star forming clusters and galaxies. We construct SEDs over two spatial scales (roughly 100 pc and 300 pc) that clearly exhibit warm dust and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission. The best fit dust and grain models reveal that both the intensity of the exciting radiation and PAH grain destruction increase toward the cluster center. Given that the timescale of evacuation is important for the future dynamical evolution of the cluster, it is important to determine whether O- and WR stars can evacuate the material gradually before supernova do so on a much faster timescale. With a minimum age of $\approx$ 3 Myr, it is clear that S26 has not yet fully evacuated its natal material, which indicates that unevolved O-type stars alone do not provide sufficient feedback to remove the gas and dust. We hypothesize that the feedback of WR stars in this cluster may be necessary for clearing the material from the gravitational potential of the cluster. We find S26 is similar to Emission Line Clusters observed in the Antennae Galaxies and may be considered a younger analog to 30 Doradus in the LMC.
description: Accepted AJ, 35 pages, 10 figures
Three-fold way of entanglement dynamics in monitored quantum circuits
Creators: name: Kalsi, Tara
name: Romito, Alessandro
name: Schomerus, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the measurement-induced entanglement transition in quantum circuits built upon Dyson's three circular ensembles (circular unitary, orthogonal, and symplectic ensembles; CUE, COE and CSE). We utilise the established model of a one-dimensional circuit evolving under alternating local random unitary gates and projective measurements performed with tunable rate, which for gates drawn from the CUE is known to display a transition from extensive to intensive entanglement scaling as the measurement rate is increased. By contrasting this case to the COE and CSE, we obtain insights into the interplay between the local entanglement generation by the gates and the entanglement reduction by the measurements. For this, we combine exact analytical random-matrix results for the entanglement generated by the individual gates in the different ensembles, and numerical results for the complete quantum circuit. These considerations include an efficient rephrasing of the statistical entangling power in terms of a characteristic entanglement matrix capturing the essence of Cartan's KAK decomposition, and a general result for the eigenvalue statistics of antisymmetric matrices associated with the CSE.
description: Submitted to the Special Issue 'Advances in Quantum Chaos, Random-Matrix Theory and the Semiclassical Limit: in memory of Fritz Haake' of J. Phys. A
Additional file 3 of A report on parent involvement in planning a randomised controlled trial in neonatology and lactation – insights for current and future research
Creators: name: Levene, Ilana
name: Alderdice, Fiona
name: McCleverty, Beth
name: O’Brien, Frances
name: Fewtrell, Mary
name: Quigley, Maria A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. GRIPP2 short form reporting checklist. A completed GRIPP2 checklist (Guidance for Reporting Involvement of Patients and the Public).
Exact densities of loops in O(1) dense loop model and of clusters in critical percolation on a cylinder II: rotated lattice
Creators: name: Povolotsky, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This work continues the study started in \cite{Povolotsky2021}, where the exact densities of loops in the O(1) dense loop model on an infinite strip of the square lattice with periodic boundary conditions were obtained. These densities are also equal to the densities of critical percolation clusters on the forty five degree rotated square lattice rolled into a cylinder. Here, we extend those results to the square lattice with a tilt. This in particular allow us to obtain the densities of critical percolation clusters on the cylinder of the square lattice of standard orientation extensively studied before. We obtain exact densities of contractible and non-contractible loops or equivalently the densities of critical percolation clusters, which do not and do wrap around the cylinder respectively. The solution uses the mapping of O(1) dense loop model to the six-vertex model in the Razumov-Stroganov point, while the effective tilt is introduced via the the inhomogeneous transfer matrix proposed by Fujimoto. The further solution is based on the Bethe ansatz and Fridkin-Stroganov-Zagier's solution of the Baxter's T-Q equation. The results are represented in terms of the solution of two explicit systems of linear algebraic equations, which can be performed either analytically for small circumferences of the cylinder or numerically for larger ones. We present exact rational values of the densities on the cylinders of small circumferences and several lattice orientations and use the results of high precision numerical calculations to study the finite-size corrections to the densities, in particular their dependence on the tilt of the lattice.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, final revised version
Inertial blob-hole symmetry breaking in magnetised plasma filaments
Creators: name: Kendl, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetry breaking between the propagation velocities of magnetised plasma filaments with large positive (blob) and negative (hole) amplitudes, as implied by a dimensional analysis scaling, is studied with global ("full-n") non-Boussinesq gyrofluid computations, which include finite inertia effects through nonlinear polarisation. Interchange blobs on a flat density background have higher inertia and propagate more slowly than holes. In the presence of a large enough density gradient, the effect is reversed: blobs accelerate down the gradient and holes are slowed in their propagation up the gradient. Drift wave blobs spread their initial vorticity rapidly into a fully developed turbulent state, whereas primary holes can remain coherent for many eddy turnover times. The results bear implications for plasma edge zonal flow evolution and tokamak scrape-off-layer transport.
description: Submitted to "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion"
Additional file 10 of Transcriptional and epigenetic changes during tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection in tomato
Creators: name: Romero-Rodríguez, Beatriz
name: Petek, Marko
name: Jiao, Chen
name: Križnik, Maja
name: Zagorščak, Maja
name: Fei, Zhangjun
name: Bejarano, Eduardo R.
name: Gruden, Kristina
name: Castillo, Araceli G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 10. Fig. S10. Expression levels of the DEmiRNAs and their predicted target genes in tomato according to the degradome analysis.
Comprehensive spectroscopic and photometric study of pulsating eclipsing binary star AI Hya
Creators: name: Alicavus, F. Kahraman
name: Pawar, T.
name: Hełminiak, K. G.
name: Handler, G.
name: Moharana, A.
name: Alicavus, F.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Leone, F.
name: Catanzaro, G.
name: Giarrusso, M.
name: Ukita, N.
name: Kambe, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pulsating eclipsing binaries are remarkable systems that provide an opportunity to probe the stellar interior and to determine the fundamental stellar parameters precisely. Especially the detached eclipsing binary systems with (a) pulsating component(s) are significant objects to understand the nature of the oscillations since the binary effects in these systems are negligible. Recent studies based on space data have shown that the pulsation mechanisms of some oscillating stars are not completely understood. Hence, comprehensive studies of a number of pulsating stars within detached eclipsing binaries are important. In this study, we present a detailed analysis of the pulsating detached eclipsing binary system AI Hya which was studied by two independent groups with different methods. We carried out a spectroscopic survey to estimate the orbital parameters via radial velocity measurements and the atmospheric parameters of each binary component using the composite and/or disentangled spectra. We found that the more luminous component of the system is a massive, cool and chemically normal star while the hotter binary component is a slightly metal-rich object. The fundamental parameters of AI Hya were determined by the analysis of binary variations and subsequently used in the evolutionary modelling. Consequently, we obtained the age of the system as 850 $\pm$ 20 Myr and found that both binary components are situated in the Delta Scuti instability strip. The frequency analysis revealed pulsation frequencies between the 5.5 - 13.0 d$^{-1}$ and we tried to estimate which binary component is the pulsating one. However, it turned out that those frequencies could originate from both binary components.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Estimating flow fields with Reduced Order Models
Creators: name: Sommer, Kamil David
name: Reineking, Lucas
name: Ravichandran, Yogesh Parry
name: Skoda, Romuald
name: Mönnigmann, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The estimation of fluid flows inside a centrifugal pump in realtime is a challenging task that cannot be achieved with long-established methods like CFD due to their computational demands. We use a projection-based reduced order model (ROM) instead. Based on this ROM, a realtime observer can be devised that estimates the temporally and spatially resolved velocity and pressure fields inside the pump. The entire fluid-solid domain is treated as a fluid in order to be able to consider moving rigid bodies in the reduction method. A greedy algorithm is introduced for finding suitable and as few measurement locations as possible. Robust observability is ensured with an extended Kalman filter, which is based on a time-variant observability matrix obtained from the nonlinear velocity ROM. We present the results of the velocity and pressure ROMs based on a unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes CFD simulation of a 2D centrifugal pump, as well as the results for the extended Kalman filter.
description: 20 pages, 12 figures
Seasonal variations in ebullitive flux and carbon isotopic composition of methane in a tidal freshwater estuary
Creators: name: Martens, C.S.
name: Chanton, J.P.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 1988

description: Methane carbon isotopic composition ranged from −76.9 to −62.6‰ in a tidal freshwater estuary (the White Oak River, North Carolina, United States) with site specific seasonal variations ranging from 6 to 10‰. During warmer months, tidally induced bubble ebullition actively transported this methane to the atmosphere. At two sites, these seasonally varying fluxes ranged from 1.2 ± 0.3 to 1.3 ± 0.3 mol CH4 m−2yr−1 (19.2 to 20.8 g CH4m−2yr−1), with flux‐weighted average isotopic compositions at two sites of −66.3 ± 0.4 and −69.5 ± 0.6‰. The carbon isotopic composition of naturally released bubbles was shown to be indistinguishable from the sedimentary methane bubble reservoir at three sites, leading to the conclusion that isotopic fractionation did not occur during the ebullition of methane. The hypothesis was developed that ebullitive methane fluxes are depleted in 13CH4 relative to fluxes transported via molecular diffusion or through plants, as zones of 13C enriching microbial methane oxidation are bypassed.
Electrically-Charged Lifshitz Spacetimes, and Hyperscaling Violations
Creators: name: Fan, Zhong-Ying
name: Lu, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically-charged Lifshitz spacetimes are hard to come by. In this paper, we construct a class of such solutions in five dimensional Einstein gravity coupled to Maxwell and $SU(2)$ Yang-Mills fields. The solutions are electrically-charged under the Maxwell field, whose equation is sourced by the Yang-Mills instanton(-like) configuration living in the hyperbolic four-space of the Lifshitz spacetime. We then introduce a dilaton and construct charged and colored Lifshitz spacetimes with hyperscaling violations. We obtain a class of exact Lifshitz black holes. We also perform similar constructions in four dimensions.
description: Latex, 14 pages
Model-independent evidence in favor of an end to reionization by z~6
Creators: name: McGreer, Ian
name: Mesinger, Andrei
name: D'Odorico, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new upper limits on the volume-weighted neutral hydrogen fraction, , at z~5-6 derived from spectroscopy of bright quasars. The fraction of the Lyman-alpha and Lyman-beta forests that is "dark" (with zero flux) provides the only model-independent upper limit on , requiring no assumptions about the physical conditions in the intergalactic medium or the quasar's unabsorbed UV continuum. In this work we update our previous results using a larger sample (22 objects) of medium-depth (~ few hours) spectra of high-redshift quasars obtained with the Magellan, MMT, and VLT. This significantly improves the upper bound on derived from dark pixel analysis to <= 0.06 + 0.05 (1σ) at z=5.9, and <= 0.04 + 0.05 (1σ) at z=5.6. These results provide robust constraints for theoretical models of reionization, and provide the strongest available evidence that reionization has completed (or is very nearly complete) by z~6.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Controllable tunnelling of single flux-quanta mediated by quantum phase-slip in disordered superconducting loops
Creators: name: Potter, Jamie A.
name: Fenton, Jonathan C.
name: Warburton, Paul A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum phase-slip (QPS) is the exact dual to the well-known Josephson effect. Although there are numerous proposals for applications of QPS devices, experimental work to develop these remains in the relatively early stages. Significant barriers to exploiting QPS nanowires for useful technologies still exist, such as establishing robust nanowire fabrication methods that allow coupling to low-loss circuits, and demonstrating control over the QPS process with an experimenter-controlled external bias. Here we report experiments which show that both of these barriers have been overcome. We present measurements at 300 mK of NbN coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonators embedded with nanowires fabricated using a neon focused ion-beam. The internal quality factor exceeds $2\times10^{4}$ -- significantly higher than previously reported in comparable experiments. The resonator frequency tunes periodically with an applied magnetic field, revealing tunnelling of the order parameter that always occurs at half-integer values of the applied flux. In contrast to previous studies of single QPS, the order-parameter tunnelling is shown to be adiabatic, demonstrating improved control over energy dissipation in nanowire QPS circuits. Our results highlight a promising pathway towards realising low-loss nanowire-based QPS devices.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Regularity of viscosity solutions of the $σ_k$-Loewner-Nirenberg problem
Creators: name: Li, YanYan
name: Nguyen, Luc
name: Xiong, Jingang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the regularity of the viscosity solution $u$ of the $σ_k$-Loewner-Nirenberg problem on a bounded smooth domain $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^n$ for $k \geq 2$. It was known that $u$ is locally Lipschitz in $Ω$. We prove that, with $d$ being the distance function to $\partialΩ$ and $δ> 0$ sufficiently small, $u$ is smooth in $\{0 < d(x) < δ\}$ and the first $(n-1)$ derivatives of $d^{\frac{n-2}{2}} u$ are Hölder continuous in $\{0 \leq d(x) < δ\}$. Moreover, we identify a boundary invariant which is a polynomial of the principal curvatures of $\partialΩ$ and its covariant derivatives and vanishes if and only if $d^{\frac{n-2}{2}} u$ is smooth in $\{0 \leq d(x) < δ\}$. Using a relation between the Schouten tensor of the ambient manifold and the mean curvature of a submanifold and related tools from geometric measure theory, we further prove that, when $\partialΩ$ contains more than one connected components, $u$ is not differentiable in $Ω$.
Carbon isotopic composition of methane in Florida Everglades soils and fractionation during its transport to the troposphere
Creators: name: Blair, N.E.
name: Martens, C.S.
name: Dacey, J.W.H.
name: Pauly, G.G.
name: Chanton, J.P.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 1988

description: The δ13C stable carbon isotopic composition of methane collected in bubbles from the submerged soils of specific environments within the Everglades wetland in southern Florida, United States, varied from −70‰ to −63‰ across the system while organic carbon in the soils and dominant plants varied from −28‰ to −25‰. A methane isotopic budget based upon the soil bubble isotope data and published methane flux measurements predicted a flux of isotopic composition −65‰, a value 5‐10‰ more depleted in 13C than the isotopic composition of methane emanating to the atmosphere. Emergent aquatic plants, which are known to be active methane transporters between soil and atmosphere in this ecosystem, were found to transport methane of δ13C content up to 12‰ different from the δ13C content of the soil methane bubble reservoir. Methane 14C content at one site was determined to be 108.6% modern (Δ14C = 83 ± 10‰).
Additional file 12 of Transcriptional and epigenetic changes during tomato yellow leaf curl virus infection in tomato
Creators: name: Romero-Rodríguez, Beatriz
name: Petek, Marko
name: Jiao, Chen
name: Križnik, Maja
name: Zagorščak, Maja
name: Fei, Zhangjun
name: Bejarano, Eduardo R.
name: Gruden, Kristina
name: Castillo, Araceli G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 12. Fig. S12. Expression levels of the DE phasiRNAs and their predicted target genes in tomato according to the degradome analysis.
Processes at the sediment‐water interface, advances during 1982–1986
Creators: name: Martens, C.S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1987

description: 1982 to mid 1986 saw important advances in our understanding of processes ocurring at the sediment‐water interface. Notable were significant gains in our knowledge of the influence of bioturbation on zonation and rates of microbially‐mediated reactions, quantification of mixing processes near the interface using radiochronometric tracers, process‐oriented studies of trace metal behavior in oxic, suboxic and anoxic environments, and detailed investigations of microscale geochemical distributions and processes at the deep‐sea MANOP sites. The overriding importance of organic matter input and decomposition in driving many of these processes was noted by many investigators.
$\mathcal{PT}$-Symmetry-Induced Wave Confinement and Guiding in Epsilon-Near-Zero Metamaterials
Creators: name: Savoia, Silvio
name: Castaldi, Giuseppe
name: Galdi, Vincenzo
name: Alù, Andrea
name: Engheta, Nader
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the parity-time symmetry concept, we show that a judicious spatial modulation of gain and loss in epsilon-near-zero metamaterials can induce the propagation of exponentially-bound interface modes characterized by zero attenuation. With specific reference to a bi-layer configuration, via analytical studies and parameterization of the dispersion equation, we show that this waveguiding mechanism can be sustained in the presence of moderate gain/loss levels, and it becomes leaky (i.e., radiative) below a gain/loss threshold. Moreover, we explore a possible rod-based metamaterial implementation, based on realistic material constituents, which captures the essential features of the waveguiding mechanism, in good agreement with our theoretical predictions. Our results may open up new possibilities for the design of optical devices and reconfigurable nanophotonics platforms.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Quantum counterfactuality with identical particles
Creators: name: Rao, Vinod N.
name: Banerjee, Anindita
name: Srikanth, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum self-interference enables the counterfactual transmission of information, whereby the transmitted bits involve no particles traveling through the channel. In this work, we show how counterfactuality can be realized even when the self interference is replaced by interference between identical particles. Interestingly, the facet of indistinguishability called forth here is associated with first-order coherence, and is different from the usual notion of indistinguishability associated with the (anti-)commutation relations of mode operators. From an experimental perspective, the simplest implementation of the proposed idea can be realized by slight modifications to existing protocols for differential-phase-shift quantum key distribution or interaction-free measurement.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures