cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Gaia DR3 in 6D: The search for fast hypervelocity stars and constraints on the Galactic Centre environment
Creators: name: Marchetti, Tommaso
name: Evans, Fraser A.
name: Rossi, Elena Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third data release (DR3) of the European Space Agency satellite Gaia provides coordinates, parallaxes, proper motions, and radial velocities for a sample of $\sim 34$ million stars. We use the combined 6-dimensional phase space information to search for hypervelocity stars (HVSs), unbound stars accelerated by dynamical processes happening in the Galactic Centre. By looking at the kinematics of Gaia DR3 stars in Galactocentric coordinates and by integrating their orbits in the Galactic potential, we do not identify any HVS candidates with a velocity higher than $700$ km s$^{-1}$ and robustly observed kinematics. Assuming a scenario wherein the interaction between a stellar binary and the massive black hole Sgr A$^*$ is responsible for HVS ejections from the Galactic Centre, we derive degenerate limits on the ejection rate of HVSs and the slope of the initial mass function of the primary star among binaries in the Galactic Centre. Our results indicate that the HVS ejection rate is $\lesssim 8\times10^{-5}$ yr$^{-1}$ assuming a Salpeter mass function, and this upper limit becomes progressively smaller for an increasingly top-heavy mass distribution. A fiducial HVS ejection rate of $10^{-4}$ yr$^{-1}$ prefers a mass function slope $\lesssim -2.35$, disfavouring previously claimed top-heavy initial mass functions among stars in the Galactic Centre.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13176.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 24.11.1935, erstellt von William Otto Brunner
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Investigation of stellar magnetic activity using variational autoencoder based on low-resolution spectroscopic survey
Creators: name: Xiang, Yue
name: Gu, Shenghong
name: Cao, Dongtao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply the variational autoencoder (VAE) to the LAMOST-K2 low-resolution spectra to detect the magnetic activity of the stars in the K2 field. After the training on the spectra of the selected inactive stars, the VAE model can efficiently generate the synthetic reference templates needed by the spectral subtraction procedure, without knowing any stellar parameters. Then we detect the peculiar spectral features, such as chromospheric emissions, strong nebular emissions and lithium absorptions, in our sample. We measure the emissions of the chromospheric activity indicators, H$α$ and Ca II infrared triplet (IRT) lines, to quantify the stellar magnetic activity. The excess emissions of H$α$ and Ca II IRT lines of the active stars are correlated well to the rotational periods and the amplitudes of light curves derived from the K2 photometry. We degrade the LAMOST spectra to simulate the slitless spectra of the China Space Station Telescope (CSST) and apply the VAE to the simulated data. For cool active stars, we reveal a good agreement between the equivalent widths (EWs) of H$α$ line derived from the spectra with two resolutions. The result indicates the ability of identifying the magnetically active stars in the future CSST survey, which will deliver an unprecedented large database of low-resolution spectra as well as simultaneous multi-band photometry of stars.
description: 13 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Table 1 is available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6802956 and the code can be found on GitHub at https://github.com/xylib/vae-for-spectroscopic-survey
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung unnummeriert, einen Zürcher Lückentag ergänzend.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 23.10.1935, erstellt von James Peter Rowland am Stonyhurst Observatory in Lancashire
Creators: name: Sternwarte Stonyhurst Observatory am Stonyhurst College in Lancashire
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung am Stonyhurst Observatory in Lancashire, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: unbekannt.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek
A Three-Dimensional Lattice-Boltzmann Model for Bacterial Chemotaxis: Traveling Bands and Groundwater Bioremediation
Creators: name: Hilpert, Markus
name: Wei, Long
name: Hilpert, Markus
Publisher: name: XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources
Year: 2006

description: We present a Lattice-Boltzmann model for bacterial chemotaxis that
  accounts, at the pore scale, for advective-diffusive transport of
  the bacteria and a reaction of the bacteria with a chemoattractant.
  The model was validated by simulating experiments on the degradation
  of naphthalene by Pseudomonas putida in a capillary tube
  containing either bulk liquid or glass beads.  Naphthalene was
  initially uniformly distributed in the void space of a tube.  Then,
  one tube inlet was brought into contact with a bacterial reservoir.
  We found that the biodegradation process involved the formation of a
  bacterial band propagating with constant speed into the tube while
  metabolizing the contaminant.  In another set of simulations, we
  showed that bacterial chemotaxis may significantly effect and
  improve the biodegradation of a contaminant in flowing groundwater.
  Two bacterial bands may form if the chemoattractant is initially
  uniformly distributed: one band traveling upstream (towards a
  potential contamination source) and the other one downstream.
Subsurface Characterization Using Geophysical and Geohydrological Data Fusion
Creators: name: Ozbek, Metin
name: Ross, James
name: Pinder, George
name: Ozbek, Metin
Publisher: name: XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources
Year: 2006

description: We are introducing a novel technology applicable to the robust
interpretation of the spatial distribution of hydraulic conductivity in
heterogenous formations. The evidence theory approach is based on a
combination of directly measured hydrogeological and geophysical data
together with expert opinion. The approach first utilizes fuzzy-set based
approximate reasoning to quantify subjective expert opinion, especially
when data are scarce, to create a fuzzy prior characterization of the
hydraulic conductivity field. Subjective information includes, but is not
limited to opinions of groundwater professionals regarding the
relationship between soil type and grain size or on the grain size to
hydraulic conductivity relationship.  Utilization of qualitative insights
into the effects of geological processes as interpreted by the groundwater
professional on hydraulic conductivity properties at a site is also a good
example. Secondly, we propose to provide a new framework for integrating
available kriged borehole data as well as geophysical information with the
prior estimated conductivity field. The resulting evidence theory based
approach has its core strengths in 1) enabling the simultaneous use of
probabilistic uncertainty and other (non-additive) representations of
uncertainty (e.g., fuzzy or possibilistic), 2) integrating expert opinion
with objective information, 3) solving the delicate problem of choosing an
appropriate prior estimate of hydraulic conductivity for the conditioning
process, and 4) enabling a complementary (rather than sequential) use of
geophysical data during the characterization process. The framework
described herein allows a sensitivity analysis of the resultant
characterization with respect to available data which makes it possible to
assess the value (in the sense of consistency or conflict) of information.
A site application demonstrates the approach.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13164.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 11.11.1935, erstellt von William Otto Brunner
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Synthetic observations using POLARIS: an application to simulations of massive prestellar cores
Creators: name: Zamponi, Joaquin
name: Giannetti, Andrea
name: Bovino, Stefano
name: Sabatini, Giovanni
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Körtgen, Bastian
name: Reissl, Stefan
name: Wolf, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young massive stars are usually found embedded in dense and massive molecular clumps which are known for being highly obscured and distant. During their formation process, the degree of deuteration can be used as a potential indicator of the very early formation stages. This is particularly effective when employing the abundance of H$_2$D$^+$. However, its low abundances and large distances make detections in massive sources hard to achieve. We present an application of the radiative transfer code POLARIS, with the goal to test the observability of the ortho-H$_2$D$^+$ transition $1_{10}$-$1_{11}$ (372.42 GHz) using simulations of high-mass collapsing cores that include deuteration chemistry. We analyzed an early and a late stage of the collapse of a 60 M$_{\odot}$ core, testing different source distances. For all cases, we generated synthetic single-dish and interferometric observations and studied the differences in both techniques. The column densities we derive are comparable to values reported for similar sources. These estimates depend on the extent over which they are averaged, and sources with compact emission they can be highly affected by beam dilution. Combined ALMA-ACA observations improve in signal-to-noise ratio and lead to better column density estimates as compared to ALMA alone. We confirm the feasibility to study ortho-H$_2$D$^+$ emission up to distances of 7 kpc. We provide a proof-of-concept of our framework for synthetic observations and highlight its importance when comparing numerical simulations with real observations. This work also proves how relevant it is to combine single-dish and interferometric measurements to derive appropriate source column densities.
description: Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2009.00407
Impact of Injury Caused by Snare Traps on the Space Use of Endangered Asiatic Black Bears in Taiwan
Creators: name: Chen, Fang
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Formosan black bear
snare trap
home range
habitat selection

description: Anthropogenic impacts, such as habitat degradation and overhunting, pose significant threats to wildlife populations globally. In Taiwan, alongside habitat loss due to urban development, the proliferation of snare traps has escalated threats to the locally endangered Formosan black bear (Ursus thibetanus formosanus), leading to increased bear mortalities and physical injuries. Despite the severity of these issues, there is limited information that can inform conservation strategies regarding the preferred habitat characteristics of the bears and the long-term behavioral impacts of snare-induced injuries. In this study, I evaluated movement rates, home range sizes, and habitat selection patterns of 15 bears (6 injured, 9 healthy) inhabiting Yushan National Park, Taiwan, to examine the impact of snare-derived injuries on bear space use. Further, I spatially predicted habitat quality across the system and compared quality within home ranges between healthy bears and injured bears. I did not find significant differences in diffusion rates and home range sizes, while I found that injured and healthy bears had different habitat selection patterns. Healthy bears preferred rugged terrain and greener areas, while injured bears exhibited no preferences for vegetation greenness and terrain ruggedness. Injured bears also showed stronger spatial avoidance of areas closer to roads with higher human activities, yet they did not temporally avoid human activities to the same degree that healthy bears did. These results suggest that injuries caused by snare traps could alter bears’ space use and possibly change the way bears react to human disturbances like roads. This behavioral impact potentially increases the encounters and risks from humans and impacts their energy gain in the long term. This study highlights that the impacts of snare traps extend beyond mortality and physical injury, possibly influencing the behavioral and energetic dynamics of bear populations, and necessitates strong regulations on snare trap usage to protect this locally endangered species.
Orogen-parallel mid-lower crustal ductile flow during the late Triassic Qinling orogeny: structural geology and geochronology
Creators: name: Li, Shaokai
name: Zhang, Yueqiao
name: Ji, Jianqing
name: He, Chicheng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The North and South China Block collision in Triassic resulted in the Qinling orogeny with massif batholith intrusion. In this study, we investigated the deformation structures of the Foping domal zone, the Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone, and the Yangtian-Tongchewan strike-slip shear zone in East Qinling, aiming at unravelling orogen-parallel mid-lower crustal ductile flow during this late-stage orogeny. Field measurements of foliated felsic migmatites in the Foping domal zone show a subhorizontal stretching lineation associated with top-to-east shearing, and the quartz c-axis fabrics of rock samples from leucosome display characteristic prism slip system (>650°C), consistent with granulite-facies metamorphic condition. The ductile fabrics observed along the W-E extending Yangtian-Tongchewan mylonitic zone along the southern Foping domal zone indicate dextral strike-slip shearing. The Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone was mapped in the Palaeozoic sedimentary strata along the southern rim of the Foping domal zone and it exhibits subhorizontal stretching lineation. Zircon U-Pb dating results of migmatite from the Foping domal zone, mylonite from the Yangtian-Tongchewan shear zone and syntectonic granitic dyke from the Ningshan bedding-parallel shear zone, together with mica 40Ar/39Ar dating results, allow to constrain the timing of coeval development of these structures in Late Triassic at 220–208 Ma, broadly consistent with the pluton intrusion. The overall pattern is interpreted to result from a local indentation of the Hannan Massif with a salient boundary geometry, which possibly controlled the lateral extrusion of the orogenic wedge, orogen-parallel crustal ductile flow as well as the Late Triassic plutonic emplacements in East Qinling.
Actiniaria Hertwig 1882
Creators: name: Barragán, Yamaly
name: Sánchez, Carlos
name: Rodríguez, Estefanía
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Cnidaria
Anthozoa
Actiniaria

description: Order Actiniaria Hertwig, 1882
Suborder Enthemonae Rodríguez & Daly, 2014 in Rodríguez et al. (2014)
description: Published as part of Barragán, Yamaly, Sánchez, Carlos & Rodríguez, Estefanía, 2019, First inventory of sea anemones (Cnidaria: Actiniaria) from La Paz Bay, southern Gulf of California (Mexico), pp. 501-549 in Zootaxa 4559 (3) on page 502, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4559.3.4, http://zenodo.org/record/2627177
The observability of galaxy merger signatures in nearby gas-rich spirals
Creators: name: McElroy, Rebecca
name: Bottrell, Connor
name: Hani, Maan H.
name: Moreno, Jorge
name: Croom, Scott M.
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Twum, Angela
name: Feldmann, Robert
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Husemann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Galaxy mergers are crucial to understanding galaxy evolution, therefore we must determine their observational signatures to select them from large IFU galaxy samples such as MUSE and SAMI. We employ 24 high-resolution idealised hydrodynamical galaxy merger simulations based on the "Feedback In Realistic Environment" (FIRE-2) model to determine the observability of mergers to various configurations and stages using synthetic images and velocity maps. Our mergers cover a range of orbital configurations at fixed 1:2.5 stellar mass ratio for two gas rich spirals at low redshift. Morphological and kinematic asymmetries are computed for synthetic images and velocity maps spanning each interaction. We divide the interaction sequence into three: (1) the pair phase; (2) the merging phase; and (3) the post-coalescence phase. We correctly identify mergers between first pericentre passage and 500 Myr after coalescence using kinematic asymmetry with 66% completeness, depending upon merger phase and the field-of-view of the observation. We detect fewer mergers in the pair phase (40%) and many more in the merging and post-coalescence phases (97%). We find that merger detectability decreases with field-of-view, except in retrograde mergers, where centrally concentrated asymmetric kinematic features enhances their detectability. Using a cut-off derived from a combination of photometric and kinematic asymmetry, we increase these detections to 89% overall, 79% in pairs, and close to 100% in the merging and post-coalescent phases. By using this combined asymmetry cut-off we mitigate some of the effects caused by smaller fields-of-view subtended by massively multiplexed integral field spectroscopy programmes.
description: Accepted to MNRAS
Electronic supplementary material (ESM) from Diversity of opinions promotes herding in uncertain crowds
Creators: name: Navajas, Joaquin
name: Armand, Oriane
name: Moran, Rani
name: Bahrami, Bahador
name: Deroy, Ophelia
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 179999 Psychology and Cognitive Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Classic and recent studies demonstrate how we fall for the ‘tyranny of the majority' and conform to the dominant trend when uncertain. However, in many social interactions outside of the laboratory, there is rarely a clearly identified majority and discerning who to follow might be challenging. Here, we asked whether in such conditions herding behaviour depends on a key statistical property of social information: the variance of opinions in a group. We selected a task domain where opinions are widely variable and asked participants (N = 650) to privately estimate the price of eight anonymous paintings. Then, in groups of five, they discussed and agreed on a shared estimate for four paintings. Finally, they provided revised individual estimates for all paintings. As predicted (https://osf.io/s89w4), we observed that group members converged to each other and boosted their confidence following social interaction. We also found evidence supporting the hypothesis that the more diverse groups show greater convergence, suggesting that the variance of opinions promotes herding in uncertain crowds. Overall, these findings empirically examine how, in the absence of a clear majority, the distribution of opinions relates to subjective feelings of confidence and herding behaviour.
Rainfall-runoff simulation for a tropical catchment
Creators: name: Mohammed, T. A.
name: Ghazali, A. H.
name: Noor, M. J. M. M.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Tropical catchment
subject: runoff
subject: effective rainfall
subject: ranking analysis
subject: basin model
subject: Theil\342\200\231s coefficient

description: Shortage of recorded hydrological data, such as streamflow records, is a very common problem or constraint often encountered in the planning and design of water resources projects. Reliability of the design, planning and operation for projects of water supply, irrigation, flood mitigation, hydropower generation, and pollution control, depends mainly upon the length of the records used in the processes. In this study, a rainfall-runoff model called the basin model, is proposed to predict the mean annual streamflow or runoff for Bernam River basin, Malaysia. The available record for the streamflow of Bernam River is short and contains some missing data. The effective rainfall for the selected basin was determined by applying ranking analysis technique. The annual rainfall was simulated using lag-3 Markov chain stochastic model. Both the basin model and the stochastic rainfall model were calibrated and validated using the historical record. The validation process of the basin model showed that the absolute error in the model prediction ranges from 0.11 to 4.02 m3/s. Model testing using Theil\342\200\231s coefficient showed that the basin model is successful in its prediction. The value for the Theil\342\200\231s coefficient was found to be 0.14.
Hubble Space Telescope Observations of Active Asteroid P/2020 O1 (Lemmon-PANSTARRS)
Creators: name: Kim, Yoonyoung
name: Jewitt, David
name: Agarwal, Jessica
name: Mutchler, Max
name: Li, Jing
name: Weaver, Harold
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Hubble Space Telescope observations of active asteroid P/2020 O1 taken to examine its development for a year after perihelion. We find that the mass loss peaks <~1 kg/s in 2020 August and then declines to nearly zero over four months. Long-duration mass loss (~180 days) is consistent with a sublimation origin, indicating that this object is likely an ice-bearing main-belt comet. Equilibrium sublimation of water ice from an area as small as 1580 m^2 can supply the observed mass loss. Time-series photometry shows tentative evidence for extremely rapid rotation (double-peaked period < 2 hr) of the small nucleus (effective radius ~420 m). Ejection velocities of 0.1 mm particles are comparable to the 0.3 m/s gravitational escape speed from the nucleus, while larger particles are ejected at speeds less than the escape velocity. These properties are consistent with the sublimation of near-surface ice aided by centripetal acceleration. If water ice sublimation is confirmed, P/2020 O1 would be the icy asteroid with the smallest semimajor axis (highest temperature), setting new bounds on the distribution of ice in the asteroid belt.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, ApJL in press
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 13140.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.10.1935, erstellt von William Otto Brunner
Creators: name: Eidgenössische Sternwarte in Zürich (ETH Zürich bzw. vor 1911 Polytechnikum)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1935

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich, später ergänzt mit einer kleinen Tabelle für die Auszählung der Flecken nach ihrer Verteilung auf Abschnitte der sichtbaren Sonnenhälfte, nach Quadrant bzw. nach Halbkugel (N, S, W, E). Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Zugeordnete numerische Werte wurden in einer separat geführten, chronologischen Tabelle erfasst. Unter Umständen sind tabellarisch notierte Werte, die für Protuberanzen mit rot geschrieben wurden, direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung vermerkt
description: ETH-Bibliothek
What are the spectroscopic binaries with high mass functions near the Gaia DR3 main sequence?
Creators: name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The 3rd data release of the Gaia mission includes orbital solutions for $> 10^5$ single-lined spectroscopic binaries, representing more than an order of magnitude increase in sample size over all previous studies. This dataset is a treasure trove for searches for quiescent black hole + normal star binaries. We investigate one population of black hole candidate binaries highlighted in the data release: sources near the main sequence in the color-magnitude diagram (CMD) with dynamically-inferred companion masses $M_2$ larger than the CMD-inferred mass of the luminous star. We model light curves, spectral energy distributions, and archival spectra of the 14 such objects in DR3 with high-significance orbital solutions and inferred $M_2 > 3\,M_{\odot}$. We find that 100\% of these sources are mass-transfer binaries containing a highly stripped lower giant donor ($0.2 \lesssim M/M_{\odot} \lesssim 0.4$) and much more massive ($2 \lesssim M/M_{\odot} \lesssim 2.5$) main-sequence accretor. The Gaia orbital solutions are for the donors, which contribute about half the light in the Gaia RVS bandpass but only $\lesssim 20\%$ in the $g-$band. The accretors' broad spectral features likely prevented the sources from being classified as double-lined. The donors are all close to Roche lobe-filling ($R/R_{\rm Roche\,lobe}>0.8$), but modeling suggests that a majority are detached ($R/R_{\rm Roche\,lobe}<1$). Binary evolution models predict that these systems will soon become detached helium white dwarf + main sequence "EL CVn" binaries. Our investigation highlights both the power of Gaia data for selecting interesting sub-populations of binaries and the ways in which binary evolution can bamboozle standard CMD-based stellar mass estimates.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Rapid WWTP performance evaluation over a wide range of operating conditions using artificial neural networks
Creators: name: R\303\241duly, B.
name: Gernaey, K.V.
name: Capodaglio, A. G.
name: Mikkelsen, P. S.
name: Henze, M.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: ANN
subject: modelling
subject: performance evaluation
subject: time series
subject: WWTP

description: Wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) are an essential component of the integrated urban water system. The simulation of the plants behaviour is becoming an essential tool for design, evaluation and everyday operation of the plants. Rather long influent time series containing a wide range of influent disturbances are needed to allow a simulation-based WWTP performance evaluation of sufficient quality, but this in turn requires long simulation times. The approach proposed in this paper combines an influent disturbance generator with a deterministic WWTP model for generating a limited sequence of training data (6 months of dynamic data). An artificial neural network (ANN) is then trained on the available WTTP input-output data, and is subsequently used to simulate the remainder of the influent time series (20 years of dynamic data) generated with the influent disturbance generator. It is demonstrated that the ANN reduces simulation time by a factor of 17, even when including the time needed for ANN training. ANN prediction of effluent BOD5 and total suspended solids was good when compared to deterministic WWTP model predictions (correlation coefficient > 0.95), whereas prediction of effluent ammonium and total nitrogen concentrations was less satisfactory (correlation coefficient > 0.70).
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 16067.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.07.1945, erstellt von William Otto Brunner
Creators: name: [s.n.]
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1945

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte Zürich. Instrument: Kern-Merz-Refraktor.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen. Später wurden ergänzende Angaben aufgrund auswärtiger Beobachtungen direkt auf der Fleckenzeichnung hinzugefügt. Unter Umständen sind Angaben zu Protuberanzen vermerkt
A Green Pea starburst arising from a galaxy-galaxy merger
Creators: name: Purkayastha, S.
name: Kanekar, N.
name: Chengalur, J. N.
name: Malhotra, S.
name: Rhoads, J.
name: Ghosh, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Green Pea galaxies are low-redshift starburst dwarf galaxies, with properties similar to those of the high-redshift galaxies that reionized the Universe. We report the first mapping of the spatial distribution of atomic hydrogen (HI) in and around a Green Pea, GP J0213+0056 at z=0.0399, using the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope (GMRT). Like many Green Peas, GP J0213+0056 shows strong HI 21 cm emission in single-dish spectroscopy, strong Ly-alpha emission, and a high [OIII]$λ$5007/[OIII]$λ$3727 luminosity ratio, O32 $\approx$ 8.8, consistent with a high leakage of Lyman-continuum radiation. Our GMRT HI 21 cm images show that the HI 21 cm emission in the field of GP J0213+0056 arises from an extended broken-ring structure around the Green Pea, with the strongest emission coming from a region between GP J0213+0056 and a companion galaxy lying $\approx$ 4.7 kpc away, and little HI 21cm emission coming from the Green Pea itself. We find that the merger between GP J0213+0056 and its companion is likely to have triggered the starburst, and led to a disturbed HI spatial and velocity distribution, which in turn allowed Ly-alpha (and, possibly, Lyman-continuum) emission to escape the Green Pea. Our results suggest that such mergers, and the resulting holes in the HI distribution, are a natural way to explain the tension between the requirements of cold gas to fuel the starburst and the observed leakage of Ly-alpha and Lyman-continuum emission in Green Pea galaxies and their high-redshift counterparts.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures; accepted for publication in ApJL
Statistical methods towards more efficient infiltration measurements
Creators: name: Franz, T.
name: Krebs, P.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: exploratory data analysis
subject: extraneous water
subject: infiltration measurements
subject: location of measurements
subject: statistical approaches

description: A comprehensive knowledge about the infiltration situation in a catchment is required for operation and maintenance. Due to the high expenditures an optimisation of necessary measurement campaigns is essential. Methods based on multivariate statistics were developed to improve the information yield of measurements by identifying appropriate gauge locations. The methods have a high degree of freedom against data needs. They were successfully tested on real and artificial data. For suitable catchments it is estimated, that the optimisation potential amounts up to 30 % accuracy improvement compared to non-optimised gauge distributions. Beside this, a correlation between independent reach parameters and dependent infiltration rates could be identified, which is not dominated by the groundwater head.
The city of Montreal's overflow control program
Creators: name: Lamarre, J.
name: Duong, D. D. T.
name: Charron, A.
name: Colas, H.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: GO RTC
subject: in-line storage
subject: storage basin
subject: tunnel
subject: local waste treatment

description: The Quebec provincial government (Minist\303\250re de l\342\200\231Environnement du Qu\303\251bec) has defined environmental discharge objectives (EDO) to protect receiving water bodies and their use against CSOs, SSOs and storm water pollution. The objectives have been established on the basis of direct and indirect water uses, which are to be protected or rehabilitated. They have been defined in terms of maximum overflow frequencies per area and based on the uses of the receiving water bodies. The City of Montreal is committed to the implementation of a program to control the overflows from the island\342\200\231s combined sewers in order to comply with the objectives and to rehabilitate the St. Lawrence River and of the Rivi\303\250re des Prairies. Six solution scenarios in as many intervention programs are presented and evaluated, from the simplest to the more complex. This document presents the environmental objectives with regard to discharge in both media and based on the long-term, as well as the intervention scenarios to reach these goals. The assessment is based on environmental and financial criteria, as well as implementation and operation criteria.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.01.1931, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1931

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa. Instrument: 11-cm-Refraktor von Steinheil.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek
No evidence of the significant grain growth but tentative discovery of disk substructure in a disk around the Class I Protostar L1489 IRS
Creators: name: Ohashi, Satoshi
name: Kobayashi, Hiroshi
name: Sai, Jinshi
name: Sakai, Nami
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For revealing the first step of the plant formation, it is important to understand how and when dust grains become larger in a disk around a protostar. To investigate the grain growth, we analyze dust continuum emission toward a disk around the Class I protostar, L1489 IRS at 0.9 and 1.3 mm wavelengths obtained by the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array. The dust continuum emission extends to a disk radius ($r$) of $r\sim300$ au, and the spectral index ($α$) is derived to be $α\sim3.6$ at a radius of $r\sim100-300$ au, as similar to the interstellar dust. Therefore, the grain growth does not occur significantly in the outer disk ($r\sim100-300$ au). Furthermore, we tentatively identify a ring-like substructure at $r\sim90$ au even though the spatial resolution and sensitivity are not enough to determine this structure. If this is the real ring structure, the ring position and small dust in the disk outer part are consistent with the idea of the growth front. These results suggest that the L1489 protostellar disk may be the beginning of the planet formation.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
AN APPLICATION OF UNMANNED AERIAL VEHICLES IN INTERSECTION TRAFFIC MONITORING
Creators: name: Zong, Shuya
Publisher: name: Purdue University Graduate School
Year: 2022
Subjects: Transportation, logistics and supply chains not elsewhere classified

description: Motor vehicle crashes at represent a major cause of fatalities and injuries. As such, road transportation agencies continue to seek proactive intersection traffic monitoring initiatives to reduce crashes. Proper monitoring and assessment of crash risk can not only help identify and mitigate safety hazards in real time but also enhance the design of safer facilities and promote safe road-user behavior. It has been suggested in recent literature that unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), given their wide visual field and movement flexibility, can potentially help monitor road traffic operations when deployed on the field. In addition, it is recognized that it is still challenging to realize a large-scale ground-based vehicle-to-everything (V2X) network at the current time and in the very near future. In this regards, UAVs can play a critical connectivity role by serving as a hub to facilitate communications among roadway entities (vehicles, infrastructure, and pedestrians). This thesis first presented a methodology that integrates UAVs and V2X connectivity to track the trajectory of intersection users and to monitor potential collisions at intersections. The proposed methodology includes deep-learning-based tracking algorithms and time-to-collision assessments. The methodology was applied using a case study, and the results demonstrated the efficacy of the tracking methodology. Next, the thesis addressed the issue of image quality. During inclement weather, traffic monitoring can be challenging because the video quality is often corrupted by streaks of falling rain on the video image. This may hinder the reliability of characterizing the road environment and road-user behavior during such events. To fully exploit the benefits of video captured by UAVs in traffic monitoring, crash risk assessment, and other safety-related domains, it is critical to ensure high video quality. Therefore, this thesis proposed a two-stage self-supervised learning method to remove rain streaks in traffic videos, where the first and second stages address intra- and inter-frame noise, respectively. The results suggest that the proposed method provides satisfactory performance.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.03.1931, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1931

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa. Instrument: 11-cm-Refraktor von Steinheil.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Optimizing the operation of large interceptor systems
Creators: name: Lamarre, J.
name: Duong, D. D. T.
name: Charon, A.
name: Colas, H.
Publisher: name: DTU Library, Technical University of Denmark (DTU)
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Expert system
subject: GO RTC
subject: implementation
subject: rainfall prediction

description: The operation of large interceptor systems is complex. In most systems, static regulators are used to limit inflows into interception system and ensure that treatment plant capacity is never exceeded. Full capacity is then hardly ever used and the system still overflows often. To capture more flow, especially in recurrent wet weather, interception may be regulated by dynamic regulators. Regulating these structures according to water levels in the interceptors may yield significant performance improvements but it doesn\342\200\231t help operators figure how much flow will reach the plant and when. Hence, we may provide operators with decision support tools that will predict and regulate flows according to current and available plant and pump station capacities, wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) configuration, control devices and equipment status, and size and extent of wet weather events. The City of Montreal is finishing the upgrade of its local reactive Real-Time Control system to a global optimal RTC (GO RTC) system with radar rainfall predictive capabilities. The system optimizes regulated flows in the interceptors and to the WWTP during wet weather. This paper covers the system architecture, the expert system main modules, the field equipment needs, the main steps of implementation, and initial operational results.
Computational Modelling of the Contaminant Transport with Biodegradation Processes and Physical Sorption in a Saturated Porous Medium
Creators: name: Malta, Sandra
name: Couto, Paula
name: Malta, Sandra
name: Couto, Paula
Publisher: name: XVI International Conference on Computational Methods in Water Resources
Year: 2006

description: The aim of this work is to show a computational modelling of the contaminant
transport with biodegradation processes and physical sorption in a saturated porous
medium, which characterizes a stage of subsurface contamination by organic
contaminants. Sorptions in equilibrium and non-equilibrium mode are incorporated
upon the model and the sorption isotherms are set as Freundlich kind. Moreover,
aerobic biodegradation is modeled through the double and simple minimum-rate Monod
kinetics. Mathematically, the problem is given by a non-linear advection-diffusion-
reaction partial differential system coupled by the reaction terms, which are
associated to the kinetics that governs the biodegradation processes. Solving these
nonlinear equations simultaneously may be very costly in computation time. Thus, an
operator-splitting operator scheme is employed for treating in a sequential fashion
the convection-diffusion and reaction terms. The finite difference and stabilized
finite element (SUPG) methods are used in the time and spatial discretizations,
respectively, combined with a linearization algorithm, to solve the convection-
diffusion transport system, and then reaction is approximated by Newton-Raphson type
methods
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 16.03.1931, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1931

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa. Instrument: 11-cm-Refraktor von Steinheil.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Exploiting dynamic analysis for architectural smell detection: a preliminary study
Creators: name: Di Nucci, Dario
name: Pigazzini, Ilaria
name: Fontana, Francesca Arcelli
name: Belotti, Marco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Architectural anomalies, also known as architectural smells, represent the violation of design principles or decisions that impact internal software qualities with significant negative effects on maintenance, evolution costs and technical debt. Architectural smells, if early removed, have an overall impact on reducing a possible progressive architectural erosion and architectural debt. Some tools have been proposed for their detection, exploiting different methods, usually based only on static analysis. This work analyzes how dynamic analysis can be exploited to detect architectural smells. We focus on two smells, Hub-Like Dependency and Cyclic Dependency, and we extend an existing tool integrating dynamic analysis. We conduct an empirical study on ten projects. We compare the results obtained comparing a method featuring dynamic analysis and the original version of Arcan based only on static analysis to understand if dynamic analysis can be successfully used. The results show that dynamic analysis helps identify missing architectural smells instances, although its usage is hindered by the lack of test suites suitable for this scope.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 22.06.1931, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1931

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa. Instrument: 11-cm-Refraktor von Steinheil.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek
Incomplete absorption reactions at high energy
Creators: name: Makiguchi, Katsuhito
name: Horiuchi, Wataru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The total reaction cross section of high-energy nucleus-nucleus collision refects the nuclear density profiles of the colliding nuclei and has been a standard tool to investigate the size properties of short-lived unstable nuclei. This basis relies on the assumption that the nucleus-nucleus collision is strongly absorptive in the sense of an optical model. However, this property does not hold completely, while incomplete absorption occurs when an overlap density of two colliding nuclei is low enough. In this paper, we propose a way to quantify this incompleteness, that is, the "blackness" of the total reaction cross section. A significance of this quantification is drawn by taking an example of the total reaction cross sections of proton-rich C isotopes.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, to appear in Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung, unnummeriert.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 25.03.1931, erstellt von Friedrich Buser in der privaten Beobachtungsstation im Prätschli in Arosa
Creators: name: Buser, Friedrich
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1931

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit Tinte und Farbstift überschrieben, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung in der privaten Beobachtungsstation Prätschli in Arosa. Instrument: 11-cm-Refraktor von Steinheil.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden mit Bleistift auf einem Vordruck eingetragen
description: ETH-Bibliothek