cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The black hole fundamental plane from a uniform sample of radio and X-ray emitting broad line AGNs
Creators: name: Wang, Ran
name: Wu, Xue-Bing
name: Kong, Min-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derived the black hole fundamental plane relationship among the 1.4GHz radio luminosity (L_r), 0.1-2.4keV X-ray luminosity (L_X), and black hole mass (M) from a uniform broad line SDSS AGN sample including both radio loud and radio quiet X-ray emitting sources. We found in our sample that the fundamental plane relation has a very weak dependence on the black hole mass, and a tight correlation also exists between the Eddington luminosity scaled X-ray and radio luminosities for the radio quiet subsample. Additionally, we noticed that the radio quiet and radio loud AGNs have different power-law slopes in the radio--X-ray non-linear relationship. The radio loud sample displays a slope of 1.39, which seems consistent with the jet dominated X-ray model. However, it may also be partly due to the relativistic beaming effect. For radio quiet sample the slope of the radio--X-ray relationship is about 0.85, which is possibly consistent with the theoretical prediction from the accretion flow dominated X-ray model. We briefly discuss the reason why our derived relationship is different from some previous works and expect the future spectral studies in radio and X-ray bands on individual sources in our sample to confirm our result.
description: 23 pages, 7 figures, ApJ accepted
Dark energy two decades after: Observables, probes, consistency tests
Creators: name: Huterer, Dragan
name: Shafer, Daniel L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of the accelerating universe in the late 1990s was a watershed moment in modern cosmology, as it indicated the presence of a fundamentally new, dominant contribution to the energy budget of the universe. Evidence for dark energy, the new component that causes the acceleration, has since become extremely strong, owing to an impressive variety of increasingly precise measurements of the expansion history and the growth of structure in the universe. Still, one of the central challenges of modern cosmology is to shed light on the physical mechanism behind the accelerating universe. In this review, we briefly summarize the developments that led to the discovery of dark energy. Next, we discuss the parametric descriptions of dark energy and the cosmological tests that allow us to better understand its nature. We then review the cosmological probes of dark energy. For each probe, we briefly discuss the physics behind it and its prospects for measuring dark energy properties. We end with a summary of the current status of dark energy research.
description: Invited review for Rep. on Prog. Phys.; 38 pages and 12 figures. Original figures available for download at http://www-personal.umich.edu/~huterer/DE_REVIEW_ROPP/ropp_de_review_plots.html. v2 matches the published version
Fingerprints of single nuclear spin energy levels using STM - ENDOR
Creators: name: Manassen, Yishay
name: Averbukh, Michael
name: Siebenhofer, Bernhard
name: Shnirman, Alexander
name: Horovitz, Baruch
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed STM-ENDOR experiments where the intensity of one of the hyperfine components detected in ESR-STM is recorded while an rf power is irradiated into the tunneling junction and its frequency is swept. When the latter frequency is near a nuclear transition a dip in ESR-STM signal is observed. This experiment was performed in three different systems: near surface SiC vacancies where the electron spin is coupled to a next nearest neighbor 29Si nucleus; Cu deposited on Si(111)7x7 surface, where the unpaired electron of the Cu atom is coupled to the Cu nucleus (63Cu, 65Cu) and on Tempo molecules adsorbed on Au(111), where the unpaired electron is coupled to Nitrogen nucleus (14N). While some of the hyperfine values are unresolved in the ESR-STM data due to linewidth we find that they are accurately determined in the STM-ENDOR data including those from remote nuclei, which are not detected in the ESR-STM spectrum. Furthermore, STM-ENDOR can measure single nuclear Zeeman frequencies, distinguish between isotopes through their different nuclear magnetic moments and detect quadrupole spectra. We also develop and solve a Bloch type equation for the coupled electron-nuclear system that facilitates interpretation of the data. The improved spectral resolution of STM - ENDOR opens many possibilities for nanometric scale chemical analysis.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Additional file 1 of Immunological and clinicopathological characteristics of C1RL in 2120 glioma patients
Creators: name: Wang, Junyou
name: Tong, Luqing
name: Lin, Gaojun
name: Wang, Hui
name: Zhang, Liang
name: Yang, Xuejun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1 Table S1. Clinical information of 2143 patients from the different datasets.
New equilibrium solution branches of plane Couette flow discovered using a project-then-search method
Creators: name: Ahmed, Muhammad Arslan
name: Sharma, Ati
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New equilibrium solution branches for plane Couette flow are reported which add to the inventory of known solution branches. The exact solutions are found by projecting known equilibria onto the resolvent modes of McKeon & Sharma (J. Fl. Mech., vol. 658, 2010, pp. 336-382) to generate approximate solutions that are subsequently used as seeds in a Newton-Krylov-hookstep search. Searches initialised with these projections have a convergence rate of 96%, leading to the discovery of 16 new equilibria. The low-dimensional nature of the resulting equilibria is attributed to the projection generated by the resolvent model; resolvent modes for a given equilibrium solution span a low-dimensional space which the solution approximately inhabits. This property is exploited to generate new branches of equilibria in plane Couette flow, and to jump to known branches. The new branches include bifurcations from previously known bifurcation curves and a disconnected bifurcation curve which displays interesting behaviour when continued in Reynolds number. The unstable manifolds of the new exact coherent states are also computed to expand the known state space structure of plane Couette flow.
description: 31 pages, 14 figures. To be submitted to the Journal of Fluid Mechanics
Chern-Simons term at finite density
Creators: name: Sissakian, A. N.
name: Shevchenko, O. Yu.
name: Solganik, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chern-Simons topological term coefficient is derived at arbitrary finite density. As it occures that $μ^2 = m^2$ is the crucial point for Chern-Simons. So when $μ^2 < m^2 μ$--influence disappears and we get the usual Chern-Simons term. On the other hand when $μ^2 > m^2$ the Chern-Simons term vanishes because of non-zero density of background fermions. In particular for massless case parity anomaly is absent at any finite density. This result holds in any odd dimension as in abelian so as in nonabelian cases.
description: 5 pages
Random Walks in Noninteger Dimension
Creators: name: Bender, Carl M.
name: Boettcher, Stefan
name: Mead, Lawrence R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One can define a random walk on a hypercubic lattice in a space of integer dimension $D$. For such a process formulas can be derived that express the probability of certain events, such as the chance of returning to the origin after a given number of time steps. These formulas are physically meaningful for integer values of $D$. However, these formulas are unacceptable as probabilities when continued to noninteger $D$ because they give values that can be greater than $1$ or less than $0$. In this paper we propose a random walk which gives acceptable probabilities for all real values of $D$. This $D$-dimensional random walk is defined on a rotationally-symmetric geometry consisting of concentric spheres. We give the exact result for the probability of returning to the origin for all values of $D$ in terms of the Riemann zeta function. This result has a number-theoretic interpretation.
description: 25 pages, 5 figures included, 2 figures on request, plain TEX
Compass SPMD, a SPMD vectorized tracking algorithm
Creators: name: Declara, Placido Fernandez
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The LHCb detector will be upgraded in 2021, where the hardware-level trigger will be replaced by a High Level Trigger 1 software trigger that needs to process the full 30 MHz data-collision rate. As part of the efforts to create a GPU High Level Trigger 1, tracking algorithms need to be optimized for SIMD architectures in order to achieve high-throughput. We present a SPMD (Single Program, Multiple Data) version of Compass, a tracking algorithm optimized for SIMD architectures, vectorized using the Intel SPMD Program Compiler. This compiler and model allows to execute program instances in parallel, and allows to use exploit the SIMD lanes of CPUs using GPU-like source code, without the need of low-level details knowledge. It is able to target different vector widths, vector instructions sets and combine different levels of parallelism. We design the algorithm focusing on highly parallel architectures in mind, minimizing divergence and memory footprint while creating a data-oriented algorithm that is efficient for SIMD architectures. We vectorize the algorithm using the SPMD programming model, preserving the algorithm design and delivering the same physics efficiency as its GPU counterpart. We study the physics performance and throughput of the algorithm. We discuss the impact with different vector widths and instructions sets and compare it with the GPU implementation.
Modeling the gas-phase chemistry of the transitional disk around HD 141569A
Creators: name: Jonkheid, B.
name: Kamp, I.
name: Augereau, J. -C.
name: van Dishoeck, E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: The chemistry, distribution and mass of the gas in the transitional disk around the 5 Myr old B9.5 V star HD 141569A are constrained. Methods: A quasi 2-dimensional (2D) chemistry code for photon dominated regions (PDR) is used to calculate the chemistry and gas temperatures in the disk. The calculations are performed for several gas distributions, PAH abundances and values of the total gas mass. The resulting CO J=2-1 and J=3-2 emission lines are computed with a 2D radiative transfer code and are compared to observations. Results: The CO abundance is very sensitive to the total disk mass because the disk is in a regime where self-shielding just sets in. The observed CO emission lines are best fit by a power-law gas distribution of 80 M_earth starting at 80 AU from the central star, indicating that there is some gas in the inner hole. Predictions are made for intensities of atomic fine-structure lines. [C I], which is the dominant form of carbon in large parts of the disk, is found to be a good alternative tracer of the gas mass.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Additional file 3: of Evidence for late Pleistocene origin of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish
Creators: name: Fumey, Julien
name: Hinaux, Hélène
name: Noirot, Céline
name: Thermes, Claude
name: Rétaux, Sylvie
name: Casane, Didier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Allele frequency distributions at 25 microsatellite loci. (PDF 2321 kb)
LHC Dark Matter Signals from Vector Resonances and Top Partners
Creators: name: Belyaev, Alexander S.
name: Flacke, Thomas
name: Jain, Bithika
name: Schaefers, Patrick B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extensions of the Standard Model which address the hierarchy problem and dark matter (DM) often contain top partners and additional resonances at the TeV scale. We explore the phenomenology of a simplified effective model with a vector resonance $Z'$, a fermionic vector-like coloured partner of the top quark $T'$ as well as a scalar DM candidate $ϕ$ and provide publicly available implementations in CalcHEP and MadGraph. We study the $pp \to Z' \to T'\overline{T'} \to t\bar{t}\,ϕϕ$ process at the LHC and find that it plays an important role in addition to the $T'\overline{T'}$ production via strong interactions. It turns out that the presence of the $Z'$ can provide a dominant contribution to the $t\bar{t}+E_T^{\text{miss}}$ signature without conflicting with existing bounds from $Z'$ searches in di-jet and di-lepton final states. We find that through this process, the LHC is already probing DM masses up to about 900 GeV and top partner masses up to about 1.5 TeV, thus exceeding the current bounds from QCD production alone almost by a factor of two for both particles.
description: 32 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables
Orbifolds of M-Theory and Type II String Theories in Two Dimensions
Creators: name: Roy, Shibaji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider several orbifold compactifications of M-theory and their corresponding type II duals in two space-time dimensions. In particular, we show that while the orbifold compactification of M-theory on $T^9/J_9$ is dual to the orbifold compactification of type IIB string theory on $T^8/I_8$, the same orbifold $T^8/I_8$ of type IIA string theory is dual to M-theory compactified on a smooth product manifold $K3 \times T^5$. Similarly, while the orbifold compactification of M-theory on $(K3 \times T^5)/σ... J_5$ is dual to the orbifold compactification of type IIB string theory on $(K3 \times T^4)/σ... I_4$, the same orbifold of type IIA string theory is dual to the orbifold $T^4 \times (K3 \times S^1)/σ... J_1$ of M-theory. The spectrum of various orbifold compactifications of M-theory and type II string theories on both sides are compared giving evidence in favor of these duality conjectures. We also comment on a connection between Dasgupta-Mukhi-Witten conjecture and Dabholkar-Park-Sen conjecture for the six-dimensional orbifold models of type IIB string theory and M-theory.
description: 25 pages, plain latex, no figures
The effect of non-equilibrium metal cooling on the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Bovino, Stefano
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Schleicher, Dominik R. G.
name: Grassi, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using a novel interface between the modern smoothed particle hydrodynamics code GASOLINE2 and the chemistry package KROME, we follow the hydrodynamical and chemical evolution of an isolated galaxy. In order to assess the relevance of different physical parameters and prescriptions, we constructed a suite of ten simulations, in which we vary the chemical network (primordial and metal species), how metal cooling is modelled (non-equilibrium versus equilibrium; optically thin versus thick approximation), the initial gas metallicity (from ten to hundred per cent solar), and how molecular hydrogen forms on dust. This is the first work in which metal injection from supernovae, turbulent metal diffusion, and a metal network with non-equilibrium metal cooling are self-consistently included in a galaxy simulation. We find that properly modelling the chemical evolution of several metal species and the corresponding non-equilibrium metal cooling has important effects on the thermodynamics of the gas, the chemical abundances, and the appearance of the galaxy: the gas is typically warmer, has a larger molecular gas mass fraction, and has a smoother disc. We also conclude that, at relatively high metallicity, the choice of molecular-hydrogen formation rates on dust is not crucial. Moreover, we confirm that a higher initial metallicity produces a colder gas and a larger fraction of molecular gas, with the low-metallicity simulation best matching the observed molecular Kennicutt-Schmidt relation. Finally, our simulations agree quite well with observations which link star formation rate to metal emission lines.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Loss-Induced Limits to Phase Measurement Precision with Maximally Entangled States
Creators: name: Rubin, Mark A.
name: Kaushik, Sumanth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of loss limits the precision of an approach to phase measurement using maximally entangled states, also referred to as NOON states. A calculation using a simple beam-splitter model of loss shows that, for all nonzero values L of the loss, phase measurement precision degrades with increasing number N of entangled photons for N sufficiently large. For L above a critical value of approximately 0.785, phase measurement precision degrades with increasing N for all values of N. For L near zero, phase measurement precision improves with increasing N down to a limiting precision of approximately 1.018 L radians, attained at N approximately equal to 2.218/L, and degrades as N increases beyond this value. Phase measurement precision with multiple measurements and a fixed total number of photons N_T is also examined. For L above a critical value of approximately 0.586, the ratio of phase measurement precision attainable with NOON states to that attainable by conventional methods using unentangled coherent states degrades with increasing N, the number of entangled photons employed in a single measurement, for all values of N. For L near zero this ratio is optimized by using approximately N=1.279/L entangled photons in each measurement, yielding a precision of approximately 1.340 sqrt(L/N_T) radians.
description: Additional references included
Pre-supernova mixing in CEMP-no source stars
Creators: name: Choplin, Arthur
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Meynet, Georges
name: Maeder, André
name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Hirschi, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. CEMP-no stars are long-lived low-mass stars with a very low iron content, overabundances of carbon and no or minor signs for the presence of s- or r-elements. Although their origin is still a matter of debate, they are often considered as being made of a material ejected by a previous stellar generation (source stars). Aims. We place constraints on the source stars from the observed abundance data of CEMP-no stars. Methods. We computed source star models of 20, 32, and 60 M$_{\odot}$ at Z = 10$^{-5}$ with and without fast rotation. For each model we also computed a case with a late mixing event occurring between the hydrogen and helium-burning shell $\sim$ 200 yr before the end of the evolution. This creates a partially CNO-processed zone in the source star. We use the 12C/13C and C/N ratios observed on CEMP-no stars to put constraints on the possible source stars (mass, late mixing or not). Then, we inspect more closely the abundance data of six CEMP-no stars and select their preferred source star(s). Results. Four out of the six CEMP-no stars studied cannot be explained without the late mixing process in the source star. Two of them show nucleosynthetic signatures of a progressive mixing (due e.g. to rotation) in the source star. We also show that a 20 M$_{\odot}$ source star is preferred compared to one of 60 M$_{\odot}$ and that likely only the outer layers of the source stars were expelled to reproduce the observed 12C/13C. Conclusions. The results suggest that (1) a late mixing process could operate in some source stars, (2) a progressive mixing, possibly achieved by fast rotation, is at work in several source stars, (3) $\sim$ 20 M$_{\odot}$ source stars are preferred compared to $\sim$ 60 M$_{\odot}$ ones, and (4) the source star might have preferentially experienced a low energetic supernova with large fallback.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Extremality Versus Supersymmetry in Stringy Black Holes
Creators: name: Ortin, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study general black-hole solutions of the low-energy string effective action in arbitrary dimensions using a general metric that can describe them all in a unified way both in the extreme and non-extreme cases. We calculate the mass, temperature and entropy and study which relations amongst the charges and the mass lead to extremality. We find that the temperature always vanishes in the extreme limit and we find that, for a set of n charges (no further reducible by duality) there are 2^{(n-1)} combinations of the charges that imply extremality. Not all of these combinations can be central charge eigenvalues and, thus, there are in general extreme black holes which are not supersymmetric (or ``BPS-saturated''). In the N=8 supergravity case we argue that the existence of roughly as many supersymmetric and non-supersymmetric extreme black holes suggests the existence of an underlying twelve-dimensional structure.
description: Latex2e file with optional macros for small versions. References to Kutasov and Martinec's work added
System simulations for the ALICE ITS detector upgrade
Creators: name: Nesbo, Simon Voigt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: The ALICE experiment at the CERN LHC will feature several upgrades for run 3, one of which is a new inner tracking system (ITS). The ITS upgrade is currently under development and commissioning. The new ITS will be installed during the ongoing long shutdown 2. The specification for the ITS upgrade calls for event rates of up to 100 kHz for Pb-Pb, and 400 kHz pp, which is two orders of magnitude higher than the existing system. The seven layers of ALPIDE pixel sensor chips significantly improve tracking with a total of 24120 pixel chips. This is a vast improvement over the existing inner tracker with six layers, of which only the two innermost layers were pixel sensors. A number of factors will have an impact on the performance and readout efficiency of the upgraded ITS in run 3. While these factors are not limited to operating conditions such as run type and event rates, there are also a number of sensor configuration parameters that will have an effect. For instance the strobe length and the choice of sensor operating mode; triggered or continuous. To that end we have developed a simplified simulation model of the readout hardware in the ALPIDE and ITS, using the SystemC library for system level modeling in C++. This simulation model is three orders of magnitude faster than a normal HDL simulation of the chip, and facilitates simulations of an increased number of events for a large portion of the detector. In this paper we present simulation results where we have been able to quantify detector performance under different running conditions. The results are used for system configuration as well as ongoing development of the readout electronics.
Magnetic Inflation and Stellar Mass I: Revised Parameters for the Component Stars of the Kepler Low-mass Eclipsing Binary T-Cyg1-12664
Creators: name: Han, Eunkyu
name: Muirhead, Philip S.
name: Swift, Jonathan J.
name: Baranec, Christoph
name: Law, Nicholas M.
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Atkinson, Dani
name: Mace, Gregory N.
name: DeFelippis, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several low-mass eclipsing binary stars show larger than expected radii for their measured mass, metallicity and age. One proposed mechanism for this radius inflation involves inhibited internal convection and starspots caused by strong magnetic fields. One particular eclipsing binary, T-Cyg1-12664, has proven confounding to this scenario. \citet{Cakirli2013a} measured a radius for the secondary component that is twice as large as model predictions for stars with the same mass and age, but a primary mass that is consistent with predictions. \citet[][]{Iglesias2017} independently measured the radii and masses of the component stars and found that the radius of the secondary is not in fact inflated with respect to models, but that the primary is, consistent with the inhibited convection scenario. However, in their mass determinations, \citet[][]{Iglesias2017} lacked independent radial velocity measurements for the secondary component due to the star's faintness at optical wavelengths. The secondary component is especially interesting as its purported mass is near the transition from partially-convective to a fully-convective interior. In this article we independently determined the masses and radii of the component stars of T-Cyg1-12664 using archival {\it Kepler} data and radial velocity measurements of both component stars obtained with IGRINS on the Discovery Channel Telescope and NIRSPEC and HIRES on the Keck Telescopes. We show that neither of the component stars is inflated with respect to models. Our results are broadly consistent with modern stellar evolutionary models for main-sequence M dwarf stars and do not require inhibited convection by magnetic fields to account for the stellar radii.
Models for the Type Ic Hypernova SN 2003lw associated with GRB 031203
Creators: name: Mazzali, Paolo A.
name: Deng, Jinsong
name: Pian, Elena
name: Malesani, Daniele
name: Tominaga, Nozomu
name: Maeda, Keiichi
name: Nomoto, Ken'ichi
name: Chincarini, Guido
name: Covino, Stefano
name: Della Valle, Massimo
name: Fugazza, Dino
name: Tagliaferri, Gianpiero
name: Gal-Yam, Avishay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gamma-Ray Burst 031203 at a redshift z=0.1055 revealed a highly reddened Type Ic Supernova, SN 2003lw, in its afterglow light. This is the third well established case of a link between a long-duration GRB and a type Ic SN. The SN light curve is obtained subtracting the galaxy contribution and is modelled together with two spectra at near-maximum epochs. A red VLT grism 150I spectrum of the SN near peak is used to extend the spectral coverage, and in particular to constrain the uncertain reddening, the most likely value for which is E_{G+H}(B-V) about 1.07 +/- 0.05. Accounting for reddening, SN 2003lw is about 0.3 mag brighter than the prototypical GRB-SN 1998bw. Light curve models yield a 56Ni mass of about 0.55 solar mass. The optimal explosion model is somewhat more massive (ejecta mass about 13 solar mass) and energetic (kinetic energy about 6 times 10^52 erg) than the model for SN 1998bw, implying a massive progenitor (40 - 50 solar mass). The mass at high velocity is not very large (1.4 solar mass above 30000 km/s, but only 0.1 solar mass above 60000 km/s), but is sufficient to cause the observed broad lines. The similarity of SNe 2003lw and 1998bw and the weakness of their related GRBs, GRB031203 and GRB980425, suggest that both GRBs may be normal events viewed slightly off-axis or a weaker but possibly more frequent type of GRB.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Detecting Hidden Differences via Permutation Symmetries
Creators: name: Adamson, R. B. A.
name: Turner, P. S.
name: Mitchell, M. W.
name: Steinberg, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for describing and characterizing the state of N particles that may be distinguishable in principle but not in practice due to experimental limitations. The technique relies upon a careful treatment of the exchange symmetry of the state among experimentally accessible and experimentally inaccessible degrees of freedom. The approach we present allows a new formalisation of the notion of indistinguishability and can be implemented easily using currently available experimental techniques. Our work is of direct relevance to current experiments in quantum optics, for which we provide a specific implementation.
description: 8 pages, 1 figure
The ``Spin'' Structure of the Nucleon - a lattice investigation
Creators: name: Altmeyer, R.
name: Goeckeler, M.
name: Horsley, R.
name: Laermann, E.
name: Schierholz, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We will discuss here an indirect lattice evaluation of the baryon axial singlet current matrix element. This quantity may be related to the fraction of nucleon spin carried by the quarks. The appropriate structure function has recently been measured (EMC experiment). As in this experiment, we find that the quarks do not appear to carry a large component of the nucleon spin.
description: Latex article. 3 pages. Contribution to the Second IMACS Conference on Computational Physics, Cahokia, U.S.A. October 1993. HLRZ preprint 93-71
MOESM9 of Deletion of HP1γ in cardiac myocytes affects H4K20me3 levels but does not impact cardiac growth
Creators: name: Oyama, Kyohei
name: El-Nachef, Danny
name: Fang, Chen
name: Kajimoto, Hidemi
name: Brown, Jeremy
name: Prim Singh
name: W. MacLellan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 9: Fig. S6. Principle component analysis. RNA-seq was performed using purified CMs isolated from 8 week old mice. Three independent biological controls (WT, Cre, and fl/fl one of each) and HP1γ KO (Cre;fl/fl) samples were used.
Aspects of N_{T}\geq 2 Topological Gauge Theories and D-Branes
Creators: name: Blau, Matthias
name: Thompson, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We comment on various aspects of topological gauge theories possessing N_{T}\geq 2 topological symmetry: (1) We show that the construction of Vafa-Witten and Dijkgraaf-Moore of `balanced' topological field theories is equivalent to an earlier construction in terms of N_{T}=2 superfields inspired by Susy QM. (2) We explain the relation between topological field theories calculating signed and unsigned sums of Euler numbers of moduli spaces. (3) We show that the topological twist of N=4 d=4 Yang-Mills theory recently constructed by Marcus is formally a deformation of four-dimensional super-BF theory. (4) We construct a novel N_{T}=2 topological twist of N=4 d=3 Yang-Mills theory, a `mirror' of the Casson invariant model, with some unusual features. (5) We give a complete classification of the topological twists of N=8 d=3 Yang-Mills theory and show that they are realised as world-volume theories of Dirichlet two-brane instantons wrapping supersymmetric three-cycles of Calabi-Yau three-folds and G_{2}-holonomy Joyce manifolds. (6) We describe the topological gauge theories associated to D-string instantons on holomorphic curves in K3s and Calabi-Yau 3-folds.
description: 58 pages, LaTeX file
Photon storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. I. Cavity model
Creators: name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Andre, Axel
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
name: Sorensen, Anders S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123601 (2007)], we used a universal physical picture to optimize and demonstrate equivalence between a wide range of techniques for storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in Lambda-type atomic media in free space, including the adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity, pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman techniques, and photon-echo-based techniques. In the present paper, we perform the same analysis for the cavity model. In particular, we show that the retrieval efficiency is equal to C/(1+C) independent of the retrieval technique, where C is the cooperativity parameter. We also derive the optimal strategy for storage and, in particular, demonstrate that at any detuning one can store, with the optimal efficiency of C/(1+C), any smooth input mode satisfying T C gamma >> 1 and a certain class of resonant input modes satisfying T C gamma ~ 1, where T is the duration of the input mode and 2 gamma is the transition linewidth. In the two subsequent papers of the series, we present the full analysis of the free-space model and discuss the effects of inhomogeneous broadening on photon storage.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures. V2: significant changes in presentation, new references, higher resolution of figures
Beta decay rates for nuclei with 115 < A < 140 for r-process nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Kar, Kamales
name: Chakravarti, Soumya
name: Manfredi, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For r-process nucleosynthesis the beta decay rates for a number of neutron-rich intermediate heavy nuclei are calculated. The model for the beta strength function is able to reproduce the observed half~lives quite well.
description: To be published in Pramana - Journal of Physics (Indian Academy of Sciences). 8 pages LaTeX
Using ML to Speed Up New and Upgrade Detector Studies
Creators: name: Ratnikov, Fedor
name: Derkach, Denis
name: Boldyrev, Alexey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Designing new experiments, as well as upgrade of ongoing experiments, is a continuous process in experimental high energy physics. Frontier R&Ds are used to squeeze the maximum physics performance using cutting edge detector technologies. The evaluating of physics performance for particular configuration includes sketching this configuration in Geant, simulating typical signals and backgrounds, applying reasonable reconstruction procedures, combining results into final quality metrics. Since the best solution is always a trade-off between different kinds of limitations, a quick turn over is necessary to evaluate physics performance for different technical solutions in different configurations. Two typical problems which slow down evaluating physics performance for different detector technologies and configurations are: describing Geant geometry together with signal processing chain for an adequate description of the detector response and developing adequate reconstruction algorithm for physics reconstruction of detector response under study. Both problems may be addressed using modern ML approaches. In addition to this, the whole procedure can be viewed as a black-box optimisation, which gives access to numerous available methods. In our presentation, we discuss the way advanced machine learning techniques allow to speed up the detector development and optimization cycle with an emphasis on the project of the calorimeter upgrade for the LHCb detector.
Open Membranes in Matrix Theory
Creators: name: Li, Miao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how to construct open membranes in the recently proposed matrix model of M theory. In order to sustain an open membrane, two boundary terms are needed in the construction. These boundary terms are available in the system of the longitudinal five-branes and D0-branes.
description: 8 pages, harvmac, comments on boundary dynamics and central charges are added, A mistake in spinor indices corrected
Additional file 2: of Evidence for late Pleistocene origin of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish
Creators: name: Fumey, Julien
name: Hinaux, Hélène
name: Noirot, Céline
name: Thermes, Claude
name: Rétaux, Sylvie
name: Casane, Didier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Four taxon unrooted nuclear gene phylogenies. (PDF 101 kb)
Recent developments in chiral gauge theories: Approach of infinitely many fermi fields
Creators: name: Narayanan, Rajamani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present the recent developments in a specific sub-field of chiral gauge theories on the lattice. This sub-field pertains to the use of infinitely many fermi fields to describe a single chiral field. In this approach, both anomalous and anomaly free theories can be discussed in equal footing. It produces the correct anomaly in the continuum limit. It has the potential to describe fermion number violating processes in the presence of a gauge field background with non-trivial topological charge on a finite lattice.
description: 6 TeX pages: 6; Latex file, needs espcrc2.sty which is attached
MOESM8 of Deletion of HP1γ in cardiac myocytes affects H4K20me3 levels but does not impact cardiac growth
Creators: name: Oyama, Kyohei
name: El-Nachef, Danny
name: Fang, Chen
name: Kajimoto, Hidemi
name: Brown, Jeremy
name: Prim Singh
name: W. MacLellan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 8: Table S1. Comparison of cardiac function in HP1γ KO mouse. Echo cardiograms were taken at 8 weeks. All data are presented as mean ± SD. No significant difference was detected on parameters we measured by one-way ANOVA followed by multiple comparison.
3D simulations with boosted primordial power spectra and ultracompact minihalos
Creators: name: Gosenca, Mateja
name: Adamek, Julian
name: Byrnes, Christian T.
name: Hotchkiss, Shaun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform three-dimensional simulations of structure formation in the early Universe, when boosting the primordial power spectrum on approximately kpc scales. We demonstrate that our simulations are capable of producing power-law profiles close to the steep $ρ\propto r^{-9/4}$ halo profiles that are commonly assumed to be a good approximation to ultracompact minihalos (UCMHs). However, we show that for more realistic initial conditions in which halos are neither perfectly symmetric nor isolated, the steep power-law profile is disrupted and we find that the Navarro-Frenk-White profile is a better fit to most halos. In the presence of background fluctuations even extreme, nearly spherical initial conditions do not remain exceptional. Nonetheless, boosting the amplitude of initial fluctuations causes all structures to form earlier and thus at larger densities. With sufficiently large amplitude of fluctuations we find that values for the concentration of typical halos in our simulations can become very large. However, despite the signal coming from dark matter annihilation inside the cores of these halos being enhanced, it is still orders-of-magnitude smaller compared to the usually assumed UCMH profile. The upper bound on the primordial power spectrum from the non-observation of UCMHs should therefore be re-evaluated.
description: 19 pages, 20 figures. v2: Minor changes to match the published version
Additional file 1: of Evidence for late Pleistocene origin of Astyanax mexicanus cavefish
Creators: name: Fumey, Julien
name: Hinaux, Hélène
name: Noirot, Céline
name: Thermes, Claude
name: Rétaux, Sylvie
name: Casane, Didier
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary figures and tables. (PDF 1092 kb)
Decay of homogeneous two dimensional quantum turbulence
Creators: name: Baggaley, Andrew W.
name: Barenghi, Carlo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We numerically simulate the free decay of two-dimensional quantum turbulence in a large, homogeneous Bose-Einstein condensate. The large number of vortices, the uniformity of the density profile and the absence of boundaries (where vortices can drift out of the condensate) isolate the annihilation of vortex-antivortex pairs as the only mechanism which reduces the number of vortices, $\Nv$, during the turbulence decay. The results clearly reveal that vortex annihilation is a four-vortex process, confirming the decay law $\Nv \sim t^{-1/3}$ where $t$ is time, which was inferred from experiments with relatively few vortices in small harmonically trapped condensates.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Hidden Quantum Group Symmetry in the Chiral Model
Creators: name: Stern, A.
name: Vitale, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply the SL(2,C) lattice Kac-Moody algebra of Alekseev, Faddeev and Semenov-Tian-Shansky to obtain a new lattice description of the SU(2) chiral model in two dimensions. The system has a global quantum group symmetry and it can be regarded as a deformation of two different theories. One is the nonabelian Toda lattice which is obtained in the limit of infinite central charge, while the other is a nonstandard Hamiltonian description of the chiral model obtained in the continuum limit.
description: Latex file, 23 pages
Photon storage in Lambda-type optically dense atomic media. II. Free-space model
Creators: name: Gorshkov, Alexey V.
name: Andre, Axel
name: Lukin, Mikhail D.
name: Sorensen, Anders S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 123601 (2007)], we presented a universal physical picture for describing a wide range of techniques for storage and retrieval of photon wave packets in Lambda-type atomic media in free space, including the adiabatic reduction of the photon group velocity, pulse-propagation control via off-resonant Raman techniques, and photon-echo based techniques. This universal picture produced an optimal control strategy for photon storage and retrieval applicable to all approaches and yielded identical maximum efficiencies for all of them. In the present paper, we present the full details of this analysis as well some of its extensions, including the discussion of the effects of non-degeneracy of the two lower levels of the Lambda system. The analysis in the present paper is based on the intuition obtained from the study of photon storage in the cavity model in the preceding paper [Gorshkov et al., Phys. Rev. A 76, 033804 (2007)].
description: 26 pages, 8 figures. V2: significant changes in presentation, new references, higher resolution of figures
Simulating Cosmic Reionization at Large Scales II: the 21-cm Emission Features and Statistical Signals
Creators: name: Mellema, Garrelt
name: Iliev, Ilian T.
name: Pen, Ue-Li
name: Shapiro, Paul R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present detailed predictions for the redshifted 21cm signal from the epoch of reionization. These predictions are obtained from radiative transfer calculations on the results of large scale (100/h Mpc), high dynamic range, cosmological simulations. We consider several scenarios for the reionization history, of both early and extended reionization. From the simulations we construct and analyze a range of observational characteristics, from the global signal, via detailed images and spectra, to statistical representations of rms fluctuations, angular power spectra, and probability distribution functions to characterize the non-gaussianity of the 21cm signal. (abbreviated abstract)
description: Revised version: brought in sync with MNRAS accepted version. 16 pages, 14 figures