cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ally or adversary? : NATO enlargement and the Russian Military
Creators: name: Keefe, Tania J.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Military reform has been a stated priority of the Russian government since the creation of the Russian Armed Forces in 1991. Despite this, Russia's military remains an outdated, bloated, corrupt and incompetent force. The numerous reasons for this state of affairs include severe lack of funding, bureaucratic impediments, political instability and the anachronistic perception that Russia remains a great power. This thesis explores beyond the traditionally cited internal factors and argues that NATO expansion has been a key external factor behind the dismal progress of military reform in Russia. Expanding the North Atlantic Treaty Organization has perpetuated the notion amongst Russians, especially within the military, the General Staff and the Ministry of Defence, that the Alliance poses a threat to Russian security. This mindset has translated into a continuing focus in Russian national security doctrines on maintaining nuclear parity with the West (i.e., NATO ) as well as the retention of large conventional forces. This has diverted scarce resources away from equipping and professionalizing a smaller, streamlined army. Furthermore, the current sorry state of Russia's military is beginning to manifest itself in serious social problems, such as widespread drug abuse, and increasing suicide and desertion rates. Russia must modernize its armed forces if they are to become an effective instrument of state and counter the real threat to national security: terrorism rooted in religious extremism and secessionist movements. The second major argument of the thesis is more optimistic. In the post- 9/11 security environment, perceptions regarding the West in general and NATO specifically may have evolved sufficiently to allow President Vladimir Putin to shift the focus of national security away from the inaccurate, albeit strongly perceived, threat from the West, to the real menace posed by Islamic radicalism along Russia's southern flank. With badly trained conscripts and nuclear weapons powerless to fight terrorism both domestically and in the former Soviet Union, pressure will only increase for the long overdue modernization of Russia's Armed Forces.
Nonlinear multivariate analysis of Neurophysiological Signals
Creators: name: Pereda, Ernesto
name: Quiroga, Rodrigo Quian
name: Bhattacharya, Joydeep
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Multivariate time series analysis is extensively used in neurophysiology with the aim of studying the relationship between simultaneously recorded signals. Recently, advances on information theory and nonlinear dynamical systems theory have allowed the study of various types of synchronization from time series. In this work, we first describe the multivariate linear methods most commonly used in neurophysiology and show that they can be extended to assess the existence of nonlinear interdependences between signals. We then review the concepts of entropy and mutual information followed by a detailed description of nonlinear methods based on the concepts of phase synchronization, generalized synchronization and event synchronization. In all cases, we show how to apply these methods to study different kinds of neurophysiological data. Finally, we illustrate the use of multivariate surrogate data test for the assessment of the strength (strong or weak) and the type (linear or nonlinear) of interdependence between neurophysiological signals.
description: 100 pages (without captions and figures), 12 Figures, To appear in Progress in Neurobiology
Analisi dei flussi commerciali dei prodotti ittici tra l'UE e i suoi partner mediterranei
Creators: name: Spagnolo, Massimo
name: Spagnolo, Massimo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Regional Trade Agreements
subject: Tariff Scheme
subject: Fish Products Exchange
subject: EU Mediterranean Partners

description: The purpose of this paper is the analysis of fishery products exchange between the EU and its Mediterranean partners. In order to delineate more clearly the framework of trade in fish products among the Mediterranean countries, EU and non-EU members, countries under analysis (only those with a Mediterranean shore) will be divided into 4 groups: - PMM, EU Mediterranean members (France, Greece, Italy, Spain, Cyprus, Malta and Slovenia); - PCM, candidate Mediterranean countries (Croatia and Turkey); - PPCM, potential candidate Mediterranean countries (Albania and Montenegro); - PTM, third Mediterranean countries (Algeria, Egypt, Israel, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Syria, Palestinian Authority and Tunisia). In addition to the more recent political agreements (enlargement processes and membership) the analysis will take into account the partnership processes involving the EU, on one hand, and some Mediterranean partners: the Euro - Mediterranean partnership (PEM) and the Stabilization and Association process (PSA) that the EU has launched with the countries of the Mediterranean south-east (from North Africa to the Middle-East) in the first case, and with the countries of south-eastern Europe ( Balkans), in the second case. The study focuses on the fishery products exchange using, as sources, UN-Comtrade data (for the international trade) and Eurostat data (for the EU trade). The analysis will pay attention both on the quantitative and qualitative aspects of trade. From the analysis it is expected to identify the main trends of exchange, the effects of the liberalisation processes on the fish products exchange and any product specialisation.
Automated Spelling Correction for Clinical Text Mining in Russian
Creators: name: Balabaeva, Ksenia
name: Funkner, Anastasia
name: Kovalchuk, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The main goal of this paper is to develop a spell checker module for clinical text in Russian. The described approach combines string distance measure algorithms with technics of machine learning embedding methods. Our overall precision is 0.86, lexical precision - 0.975 and error precision is 0.74. We develop spell checker as a part of medical text mining tool regarding the problems of misspelling, negation, experiencer and temporality detection.
description: This paper is accepted for publication to MIE 2020 Conference
Analisis del sistema Paraguayo de investigacion agropecuaria
Creators: name: Ekboir, Javier M.
name: Parellada, Gabriel H.
name: Molina, Andres
name: Duarte, Cesar
name: Ekboir, Javier M.
name: Parellada, Gabriel H.
name: Molina, Andres
name: Duarte, Cesar
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003

description: En la década del 90, el Gobierno paraguayo implementó, con poco éxito, varios planes de reforma del Estado. Actualmente conviven en Paraguay un Estado muy centralizado, con poca capacidad de implementar políticas modernas, y una economía muy descentralizada (a veces completamente fuera del control del gobierno y de la policía), que evoluciona gracias a las acciones e interacciones de agentes individuales y a las oportunidades creadas por la integración a los mercados fronterizos, tanto en los rubros comerciales como agropecuarios. Pero por la espontaneidad propia de este proceso de desarrollo, importantes sectores de la sociedad han quedado marginados. A pesar de la importancia del sector agropecuario en la economía paraguaya, han sido pocos los esfuerzos públicos en apoyo al sistema de innovación agropecuario en general, y a la generación de tecnología en particular. El motor de crecimiento del sector agropecuario paraguayo en las décadas del 70 y 80 fue la expansión de la superficie agrícola mientras que en la del 90 el impulso provino del aumento de la productividad de la tierra, especialmente por la importación de tecnologías de Brasil y, en menor medida, de Argentina y Estados Unidos. La introducción de tecnologías modernas fue posible por la consolidación de diferentes redes de innovación locales. Actualmente existen seis tipos de agentes que generan y validan tecnologías agropecuarias en Paraguay: asociaciones de productores, agencias internacionales de cooperación, institutos internacionales de investigación, los institutos del Ministerio de Agricultura y Ganadería (MAG) (p. ej., INIA y CRIA), el sector privado comercial (empresas privadas y cooperativas) y ONG. Si bien las instituciones públicas de investigación han sido siempre débiles, su capacidad operativa se resintió aun más en la década del 90 a causa de las reducciones presupuestarias, la inestabilidad en las políticas (económicas, sociales y científicas) y la falta de inversión en capital humano y físico. Además de las limitaciones estructurales, el estilo de gestión de las agencias públicas de investigación las convierte en entidades pesadas y centralizadas, excesivamente burocratizadas y con escasa proyección hacia el sector privado y los gobiernos locales y departamentales. El sistema público de investigación pudo mantenerse activo sólo gracias al apoyo de agencias internacionales de cooperación (especialmente, GTZ, JAICA y la Misión China) y a créditos del BID y el Banco Mundial.
Baryonic Resonances from the Interactions of the Baryon Decuplet and Meson Octet
Creators: name: Oset, E.
name: Sarkar, S.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study $S$-wave interactions of the baryon decuplet with the octet of pseudoscalar mesons using the lowest order chiral Lagrangian. We find two bound states in the SU(3) limit corresponding to the octet and decuplet representations. These are found to split into eight different trajectories in the complex plane when the SU(3) symmetry is broken gradually. Finally, we are able to provide a reasonable description for a good number of 4-star ${3/2}^-$ resonances listed by the Particle Data Group. In particular, the $Ξ(1820)$, the $Λ(1520)$ and the $Σ(1670)$ states are well reproduced. We predict a few other resonances and also evaluate the couplings of the observed resonances to the various channels from the residues at the poles of the scattering matrix from where partial decay widths into different channels can be evaluated.
description: Contribution to the HADRON05 Conference, Rio de Janeiro, September 2005
Efficient sampling for polynomial chaos-based uncertainty quantification and sensitivity analysis using weighted approximate Fekete points
Creators: name: Burk, Kyle M.
name: Narayan, Akil
name: Orr, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Performing uncertainty quantification (UQ) and sensitivity analysis (SA) is vital when developing a patient-specific physiological model because it can quantify model output uncertainty and estimate the effect of each of the model's input parameters on the mathematical model. By providing this information, UQ and SA act as diagnostic tools to evaluate model fidelity and compare model characteristics with expert knowledge and real world observation. Computational efficiency is an important part of UQ and SA methods and thus optimization is an active area of research. In this work, we investigate a new efficient sampling method for least-squares polynomial approximation, weighted approximate Fekete points (WAFP). We analyze the performance of this method by demonstrating its utility in stochastic analysis of a cardiovascular model that estimates changes in oxyhemoglobin saturation response. Polynomial chaos (PC) expansion using WAFP produced results similar to the more standard Monte Carlo in quantifying uncertainty and identifying the most influential model inputs (including input interactions) when modeling oxyhemoglobin saturation, PC expansion using WAFP was far more efficient. These findings show the usefulness of using WAFP based PC expansion to quantify uncertainty and analyze sensitivity of a oxyhemoglobin dissociation response model. Applying these techniques could help analyze the fidelity of other relevant models in preparation for clinical application.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures
Maximizing Information Gain in Partially Observable Environments via Prediction Reward
Creators: name: Satsangi, Yash
name: Lim, Sungsu
name: Whiteson, Shimon
name: Oliehoek, Frans
name: White, Martha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Information gathering in a partially observable environment can be formulated as a reinforcement learning (RL), problem where the reward depends on the agent's uncertainty. For example, the reward can be the negative entropy of the agent's belief over an unknown (or hidden) variable. Typically, the rewards of an RL agent are defined as a function of the state-action pairs and not as a function of the belief of the agent; this hinders the direct application of deep RL methods for such tasks. This paper tackles the challenge of using belief-based rewards for a deep RL agent, by offering a simple insight that maximizing any convex function of the belief of the agent can be approximated by instead maximizing a prediction reward: a reward based on prediction accuracy. In particular, we derive the exact error between negative entropy and the expected prediction reward. This insight provides theoretical motivation for several fields using prediction rewards---namely visual attention, question answering systems, and intrinsic motivation---and highlights their connection to the usually distinct fields of active perception, active sensing, and sensor placement. Based on this insight we present deep anticipatory networks (DANs), which enables an agent to take actions to reduce its uncertainty without performing explicit belief inference. We present two applications of DANs: building a sensor selection system for tracking people in a shopping mall and learning discrete models of attention on fashion MNIST and MNIST digit classification.
Subaru Spectropolarimetry of Mrk 573: The Hidden High-Ionization Nuclear Emission-Line Region inside the Dusty Torus
Creators: name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Kawabata, Koji S.
name: Murayama, Takashi
name: Ohyama, Youichi
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Shioya, Yasuhiro
name: Sumiya, Ryoko
name: Sasaki, Shunji S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the result of our high quality spectropolarimetric observation for the narrow-line region in a nearby Seyfert 2 galaxy, Mrk 573, by the Subaru Telescope. The polarized flux spectrum of Mrk 573 shows not only prominent scattered broad H$α$ emission but also various narrow forbidden emission lines. We find that the measured polarization degree of the observed forbidden emission lines is positively correlated with the ionization potential of the corresponding ions and the critical density of the corresponding transitions. We discuss some possible origins of these correlations, and then we point out that the correlations are caused due to the obscuration of the stratified narrow-line region in Mrk 573 by the optically and geometrically thick dusty torus, just similar to the previous study on NGC 4258.
description: 10 pages including 8 figures, to appear in The Astronomical Journal
Additional file 3 of Regulation of autoimmune arthritis by the SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase
Creators: name: Markovics, Adrienn
name: Toth, Daniel M.
name: Glant, Tibor T.
name: Mikecz, Katalin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 3 Anti-human PG antibody levels in the sera of naïve and PG-immunized mice. Anti-human PG IgG antibody contents were measured in the sera of naïve and PG-immunized WT and the 2 genotypes of Shp1-Tg mice and expressed as optical density at 450 nm (mean±SEM, n=5-10/group, one-way ANOVA).
Making business with giants- impact of retail internationalization in Central and Eastern Europe
Creators: name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
name: Dautzenberg, Kirsti
name: Pall, Zsombor
name: Hanf, Jon Henrich
name: Dautzenberg, Kirsti
name: Pall, Zsombor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: retail internationalisation
subject: Central and Eastern Europe
subject: agri food business

description: Due to increasingly globalized markets and internationalization, the food retail business has undergone a number of structural changes. Former nationally oriented retailers have suddenly become global. This process in the retail sector affects also new structures in the agribusiness, most notably as general retailers export their business models. A comparison of the development and the impact of globalization in the retail sectors of different Central and Eastern European countries reveal varied opportunities and threats for the participants of agribusiness.
Common Metrics to Benchmark Human-Machine Teams (HMT): A Review
Creators: name: Damacharla, Praveen
name: Javaid, Ahmad Y.
name: Gallimore, Jennie J.
name: Devabhaktuni, Vijay K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A significant amount of work is invested in human-machine teaming (HMT) across multiple fields. Accurately and effectively measuring system performance of an HMT is crucial for moving the design of these systems forward. Metrics are the enabling tools to devise a benchmark in any system and serve as an evaluation platform for assessing the performance, along with the verification and validation, of a system. Currently, there is no agreed-upon set of benchmark metrics for developing HMT systems. Therefore, identification and classification of common metrics are imperative to create a benchmark in the HMT field. The key focus of this review is to conduct a detailed survey aimed at identification of metrics employed in different segments of HMT and to determine the common metrics that can be used in the future to benchmark HMTs. We have organized this review as follows: identification of metrics used in HMTs until now, and classification based on functionality and measuring techniques. Additionally, we have also attempted to analyze all the identified metrics in detail while classifying them as theoretical, applied, real-time, non-real-time, measurable, and observable metrics. We conclude this review with a detailed analysis of the identified common metrics along with their usage to benchmark HMTs.
Techniques for Multivariate Simulation from Mixed Marginal Distributions with Application to Whole-Farm Revenue Simulation
Creators: name: Anderson, John D.
name: Harri, Ardian
name: Coble, Keith H.
name: Anderson, John D.
name: Harri, Ardian
name: Coble, Keith H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: correlation
subject: crop insurance
subject: multivariate simulation
subject: whole-farm revenue

description: Alternative techniques for representing dependencies among variables in multivariate simulation are discussed and compared in the context of rating a whole-farm insurance product. A procedure by lman and Conover (IC) that is common in actuarial applications is compared to a new technique detailed by Phoon, Quek, and Huang (PQHl. Results suggest that rates derived from the IC procedure may be inaccurate because the procedure produces biased estimates of correlation between simulated variables. This situation is improved with the PQH procedure.
Additional file 4 of Regulation of autoimmune arthritis by the SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase
Creators: name: Markovics, Adrienn
name: Toth, Daniel M.
name: Glant, Tibor T.
name: Mikecz, Katalin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4. Serum anti-human PG antibody levels in PG-immunized and SHP-1 activator-treated or untreated mice. Anti-human PG antibody content was measured in the sera of PG-immunized mice. WT mice underwent vehicle or regorafenib treatment, while Shp1-Tg+/- mice did not receive treatment. Serum antibody titers are expressed as optical density (mean±SEM, n=5/group, one-way ANOVA).
Exploring Phononic Properties of Two-Dimensional Materials using Machine Learning Interatomic Potentials
Creators: name: Mortazavi, Bohayra
name: Novikov, Ivan S.
name: Podryabinkin, Evgeny V.
name: Roche, Stephan
name: Rabczuk, Timon
name: Shapeev, Alexander V.
name: Zhuang, Xiaoying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phononic properties are commonly studied by calculating force constants using the density functional theory (DFT) simulations. Although DFT simulations offer accurate estimations of phonon dispersion relations or thermal properties, but for low-symmetry and nanoporous structures the computational cost quickly becomes very demanding. Moreover, the computational setups may yield nonphysical imaginary frequencies in the phonon dispersion curves, impeding the assessment of phononic properties and the dynamical stability of the considered system. Here, we compute phonon dispersion relations and examine the dynamical stability of a large ensemble of novel materials and compositions. We propose a fast and convenient alternative to DFT simulations which derived from machine-learning interatomic potentials passively trained over computationally efficient ab-initio molecular dynamics trajectories. Our results for diverse two-dimensional (2D) nanomaterials confirm that the proposed computational strategy can reproduce fundamental thermal properties in close agreement with those obtained via the DFT approach. The presented method offers a stable, efficient, and convenient solution for the examination of dynamical stability and exploring the phononic properties of low-symmetry and porous 2D materials.
Pattern Selection in a Phase Field Model for Directional Solidification
Creators: name: Filho, R. N. Costa
name: Kosterlitz, J. M.
name: Granato, Enzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A symmetric phase field model is used to study wavelength selection in two dimensions. We study the problem in a finite system using a two-pronged approach. First we construct an action and, minimizing this, we obtain the most probable configuration of the system, which we identify with the selected stationary state. The minimization is constrained by the stationary solutions of stochastic evolution equations and is done numerically. Secondly, additional support for this selected state is obtained from straightforward simulations of the dynamics from a variety of initial states.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Physica A
How Coupled Are Decoupled Farm Payments? A Review of the Evidence
Creators: name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
name: Bhaskar, Arathi
name: Beghin, John C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: agricultural policy
subject: decoupled
subject: decoupling
subject: farm payment programs
subject: program subsidies
subject: support

description: This survey paper explores the literature on decoupling of farm programs that has emerged in the last 10 years. The paper identifies and assesses the various channels of potential coupling of decoupled farm payments and provides a taxonomy of coupling mechanisms found in theoretical and empirical papers. Coupling of decoupled payments is pervasive but effects when measurable are small, with the exception of the impact on land values. The paper points to unresolved issues on potential coupling mechanisms for further research.
Research: Are We Valuing the Right Stuff?
Creators: name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: incentives
subject: methodology
subject: research impact

description: The incentives researchers face depend directly upon what we as a profession value. The impacts of research can be either disciplinary by adding to economic knowledge or real world by being useful to economic agents. Various measures of research impact such as publications, citations, and external funding are discussed, and the strengths and weaknesses of each measure are evaluated. Because of the difficulty of accurately measuring research impact, we must depend on internal incentives to motivate researchers to select topics with the most potential impact.
Inventory and Transformation Hedging Effectiveness in Corn Crushing
Creators: name: Dahlgran, Roger A.
name: Dahlgran, Roger A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: corn crushing
subject: cross-hedging
subject: ethanol futures
subject: hedging
subject: processing hedge

description: Recently developed ethanol futures contracts now allow direct-hedging by ethanol producers. This study examines the effectiveness of one-through eight-week hedges between 2005 and 2008. Our findings show (a) ethanol inventory hedging effectiveness is significant for two-week and longer hedges, and increases with the hedging horizon; (b) ethanol futures are significantly superior to gasoline futures for hedging ethanol price risk for two-week and longer hedges; (c) the corn crushing hedge, utilizing corn and ethanol futures, is effective and provides price risk management capabilities comparable to those provided by the soybean crush hedge.
General Logic-Systems and Consequence Operators
Creators: name: Herrmann, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03B22

description: In this paper, general logic-systems are investigated. It is shown that there are infinitely many finite consequence operators defined on a fixed language L that cannot be generated from a finite logic-system. It is shown that a set map is a finite consequence operator iff it is defined by a general logic-system.
description: Only 5 pages. In this version, the definition of RI* is replaced by the one that appears in the expanded published version of this paper
A Practical Algorithm for Multiple-Phase Control Systems in Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics
Creators: name: Doole, Graeme J.
name: Doole, Graeme J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: crop management
subject: multiple-phase systems
subject: optimal control

description: Many important problems in agricultural and natural resource economics concern an intertemporal choice between alternate dynamic systems. This significance has motivated a theoretical literature generalizing the necessary conditions of Optimal Control Theory to multiple-phase problems. However, gaining detailed insight into their practical management is difficult because general numerical solution methods are not available. This paper resolves this deficiency through the development of a flexible and efficient computational algorithm based on a set of necessary conditions derived for finite-time, multiple-phase systems. Its effectiveness is demonstrated in an application to a nontrivial crop rotation problem.
Interferometric Unruh detectors for Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Gooding, Cisco
name: Biermann, Steffen
name: Erne, Sebastian
name: Louko, Jorma
name: Unruh, William G.
name: Schmiedmayer, Joerg
name: Weinfurtner, Silke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Unruh effect predicts a thermal response for an accelerated detector moving through the vacuum. Here we propose an interferometric scheme to observe an analogue of the circular Unruh effect using a localized laser coupled to a Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC). Quantum fluctuations in the condensate are governed by an effective relativistic field theory, and as demonstrated, the coupled laser field acts as an effective Unruh-DeWitt detector thereof. The effective speed of light is lowered by 12 orders of magnitude to the sound velocity in the BEC. For detectors traveling close to the sound speed, observation of the Unruh effect in the analogue system becomes experimentally feasible.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
English maritime predation in the mid-sixteenth-century : a high return investment in an established business
Creators: name: Lee, Randall Robert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis analyzes mid-sixteenth century English maritime predation as a smoothly run predatory business system, not numerous depredations by individualist renegades motivated by tradition or gambling instincts. Sea-roving offered investment opportunities to shoreside individuals with large or small amounts of ready capital who might become silent partners if the returns they expected were high enough to warrant the risks involved compared to alternative investments. Profitability has been claimed for maritime brigandage by historians, but rarely proven with significant numerical data, although there is much anecdotal evidence of successful participants. While the records surviving do not permit calculation of the actual average revenues and profits, or even precise reconstruction of the accounts of a venture, enough data exists, principally in Admiralty Court records and documents giving prices, to develop a conjectural pro forma of a typical cruise of the era, one that implies that profits might be reasonably anticipated, high enough to attract investment. Supported by the crown, which facilitated predation to advance defence, trade, loyalty, tax revenue and savings on naval expenditures, the ventures gave returns to all the parties involved: investors, shipowners, captains, suppliers, receivers, government officials as well as the crewmen, that were sufficient to make the predatory system an on-going business.
Excited state quantum phase transitions in the bending spectra of molecules
Creators: name: Khalouf-Rivera, Jamil
name: Pérez-Bernal, Francisco
name: Carvajal, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extension of the Hamiltonian of the two dimensional limit of the vibron model encompassing all possible interactions up to four-body operators. We apply this Hamiltonian to the modeling of the experimental bending spectrum of fourteen molecules. The bending degrees of freedom of the selected molecular species include all possible situations: linear, bent, and nonrigid equilibrium structures; demonstrating the flexibility of the algebraic approach, that allows for the consideration of utterly different physical cases with a general formalism and a single Hamiltonian. For each case, we compute predicted term values used to depict the quantum monodromy diagram, the Birge-Sponer plot, the participation ratio. We also show the bending energy functional obtained using the coherent --or intrinsic-- state formalism.
description: 67 pages, 18 tables and 15 figures
A Strong Lyman-alpha Emitter at z=6.33 in the Subaru Deep Field Selected as an i' Dropout
Creators: name: Nagao, T.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Kashikawa, N.
name: Kodaira, K.
name: Kaifu, N.
name: Ando, H.
name: Karoji, H.
name: Ajiki, M.
name: Akiyama, M.
name: Aoki, K.
name: Doi, M.
name: Fujita, S. S.
name: Hurusawa, H.
name: Hayashino, T.
name: Iwamuro, F.
name: Iye, M.
name: Kobayashi, N.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Komiyama, Y.
name: Matsuda, Y.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Mizumoto, Y.
name: Morokuma, T.
name: Motohara, K.
name: Murayama, T.
name: Nariai, K.
name: Ohta, K.
name: Okamura, S.
name: Ouchi, M.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Sato, Y.
name: Sekiguchi, K.
name: Shimasaku, K.
name: Shioya, Y.
name: Tamura, H.
name: Tanaka, I.
name: Umemura, M.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Yasuda, N.
name: Yoshida, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of a star-forming galaxy at z=6.33 in the Subaru Deep Field. This object is selected as a candidate of an i'-dropout, high-redshift galaxy around z=6 because of its red i'-z' color in our deep optical imaging survey in the Subaru Deep Field. Our follow up optical spectroscopy reveals that this object is a strong Ly-alpha emitter with only very faint ultraviolet continuum. The rest-frame equivalent width of the detected Ly-alpha emission is as much as 130 A. Thus the light detected in our z' image is largely attributed to the Ly-alpha emission, i.e., ~40% of the z'-band flux is the strong Ly-alpha emission, giving a very red i'-z' color. This is consistent with the photometric property of this object because the narrow-band data obtained with the NB921 filter shows a significant depression, z'-NB921 = -0.54 mag. By using the photometric data, we show that some other objects among the 48 i'-dropout high-redshift galaxy candidates found in the Subaru Deep Field also show a significant NB921 depression. We briefly discuss the nature of these NB921-depressed objects.
description: 13 pages including 3 figures, to appear in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Additional file 1 of Regulation of autoimmune arthritis by the SHP-1 tyrosine phosphatase
Creators: name: Markovics, Adrienn
name: Toth, Daniel M.
name: Glant, Tibor T.
name: Mikecz, Katalin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 1 Shp1 gene expression in WT and Shp1-Tg samples. Shp1 gene expression was determined by RT-qPCR from spleen samples of 8-12 weeks old female mice of each genotype (mean ±SEM, n=7/group, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001; ****p<0.0001; one-way ANOVA).
Crop Yield Skewness and the Normal Distribution
Creators: name: Hennessy, David A.
name: Hennessy, David A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: conditional distribution
subject: crop insurance
subject: negative skewness
subject: normal distribution
subject: statistical laws

description: Empirical studies point to negative crop yield skewness, but the literature provides few clear insights as to why. This paper formalizes three points on the matter. Statistical laws on aggregates do not imply a normal distribution. Whenever the weather-conditioned mean yield has diminishing marginal product with respect to a weather-conditioning index, then there is a disposition toward negative yield skewness. This is because high marginal product in bad weather stretches out the yield distribution's left tail relative to that for weather. For disaggregated yields, unconditional skewness is decomposed into weather-conditioned skewness plus two other terms and each is studied in turn.
A mass formula for light mesons from a potential model
Creators: name: Brau, F.
name: Semay, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quark dynamics inside light mesons, except pseudoscalar ones, can be quite well described by a spinless Salpeter equation supplemented by a Cornell interaction (possibly partly vector, partly scalar). A mass formula for these mesons can then be obtained by computing analytical approximations of the eigenvalues of the equation. We show that such a formula can be derived by combining the results of two methods: the dominantly orbital state description and the Bohr-Sommerfeld quantization approach. The predictions of the mass formula are compared with accurate solutions of the spinless Salpeter equation computed with a Lagrange-mesh calculation method.
description: 5 figures
Shape Coexistence at Zero Spin in 64Ni Driven by the Monopole Tensor Interaction
Creators: name: Mărginean, N.
name: Little, D.
name: Tsunoda, Y.
name: Leoni, S.
name: Janssens, R. V. F.
name: Fornal, B.
name: Otsuka, T.
name: Michelagnoli, C.
name: Stan, L.
name: Crespi, F. C. L.
name: Costache, C.
name: Lica, R.
name: Sferrazza, M.
name: Turturica, A.
name: Ayangeakaa, A. D.
name: Auranen, K.
name: Barani, M.
name: Bender, P. C.
name: Bottoni, S.
name: Boromiza, M.
name: Bracco, A.
name: Călinescu, S.
name: Campbell, C. M.
name: Carpenter, M. P.
name: Chowdhury, P.
name: Ciemała, M.
name: Cieplicka-Orynczak, N.
name: Cline, D.
name: Clisu, C.
name: Crawford, H. L.
name: Dinescu, I. E.
name: Filipescu, D.
name: Florea, N.
name: Forney, A. M.
name: Fracassetti, S.
name: Gade, A.
name: Gheorghe, I.
name: Hayes, A. B.
name: Harca, I.
name: Henderson, J.
name: Ionescu, A.
name: Iskra, Ł. W.
name: Jentschel, M.
name: Kandzia, F.
name: Kim, Y. H.
name: Kondev, F. G.
name: Korschinek, G.
name: Köster, U.
name: Krishichayan
name: Krzysiek, M.
name: Lauritsen, T.
name: Li, J.
name: Mărginean, R.
name: Maugeri, E. A.
name: Mihai, C.
name: Mihai, R. E.
name: Mitu, A.
name: Mutti, P.
name: Negret, A.
name: Niţă, C. R.
name: Olăcel, A.
name: Oprea, A.
name: Pascu, S.
name: Petrone, C.
name: Porzio, C.
name: Rhodes, D.
name: Seweryniak, D.
name: Schumann, D.
name: Sotty, C.
name: Stolze, S. M.
name: Şuvăilă, R.
name: Toma, S.
name: Ujeniuc, S.
name: Walters, W. B.
name: Wu, C. Y.
name: Wu, J.
name: Zhu, S.
name: Ziliani, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low-spin structure of the semimagic 64Ni nucleus has been considerably expanded: combining four experiments, several 0+ and 2+ excited states were identified below 4.5 MeV, and their properties established. The Monte Carlo shell model accounts for the results and unveils an unexpectedly complex landscape of coexisting shapes: a prolate 0+ excitation is located at a surprisingly high energy (3463 keV), with a collective 2+ state 286 keV above it, the first such observation in Ni isotopes. The evolution in excitation energy of the prolate minimum across the neutron N = 40 subshell gap highlights the impact of the monopole interaction and its variation in strength with N.
Biosecurity, Terrorism, and Food Consumption Behavior: Using Experimental Psychology to Analyze Choices Involving Fear
Creators: name: Just, David R.
name: Wansink, Brian
name: Turvey, Calum G.
name: Just, David R.
name: Wansink, Brian
name: Turvey, Calum G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: avian influenza
subject: experimental psychology
subject: food safety
subject: terrorism

description: How would a possible food safety scare influence food consumption? Using techniques from experimental psychology, a study of 103 lunchtime participants suggests that a food scare--avian influenza--would decrease consumption of the affected food by 17% if the subjects believed it was naturally occurring, and by 26% if they believed it was the result of terrorism. While individual consumption decreased, very few eliminated all consumption of the affected food. We argue that experimental psychology is essential when attempting to study behavior in food safety where hypothetical scenarios and surveys would not capture the emotional nature of the response.
Explicit Harmonic Structure Of Bidimensional Linear Strain-Gradient Elasticity
Creators: name: Auffray, Nicolas
name: Andoul-Anziz, Houssam
name: Desmorat, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the perspective of homogenization theory, strain-gradient elasticity is a strategy to describe the overall behaviour of materials with coarse mesostructure. In this approach, the effect of the mesostructure is described by the use of three elasticity tensors whose orders vary from 4 to 6. Higher-order constitutive tensors make it possible to describe rich physical phenomena. However, these objects have intricate algebraic structures that prevent us from having a clear picture of their modeling capabilities. The harmonic decomposition is a fundamental tool to investigate the anisotropic properties of constitutive tensor spaces. For higher-order tensors (i.e. tensors of order $n\geq$3), its establishment is generally a difficult task. In this paper a novel procedure to obtain this decomposition is introduced. This method, that we have called the \textit{Clebsch-Gordan Harmonic Algorithm}, allows to obtain \emph{explicit} harmonic decompositions satisfying good properties such as orthogonality and unicity. The elements of the decomposition also have a precise geometrical meaning simplifying their physical interpretation. This new algorithm is here developed in the specific case of 2D space and applied to Mindlin's Strain-Gradient Elasticity. We provide, for the first time, the harmonic decompositions of the fifth- and sixth-order elasticity tensors involved in this constitutive law.
description: Accepted in European Journal of Mechanics a/solids
Further Remarks on Strict Input-to-State Stable Lyapunov Functions for Time-Varying Systems
Creators: name: Malisoff, Michael
name: Mazenc, Frederic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 93D30

description: We study the stability properties of a class of time-varying nonlinear systems. We assume that non-strict input-to-state stable (ISS) Lyapunov functions for our systems are given and posit a mild persistency of excitation condition on our given Lyapunov functions which guarantee the existence of strict ISS Lyapunov functions for our systems. Next, we provide simple direct constructions of explicit strict ISS Lyapunov functions for our systems by applying an integral smoothing method. We illustrate our constructions using a tracking problem for a rotating rigid body.
description: 6 pages, submitted for publication in June 2004
Should I Pay, Or Should I Quash? The Role of Governments’ Ideology in Ransom Payment
Creators: name: Baraldi, Francesco
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Does governments’ ideology influence the likelihood of ransom payment? Despite a steady interest in hostage-taking events, this question remains unanswered. In this article, I argue that ideology contributes to explaining governments’ decisions to pay or not pay ransoms: guided by individualising moral foundations, left-leaning governments are more likely to concede to terrorists to save lives. I test the theoretical argument through a quantitative analysis of abductions between 1970 and 2020 whose victims are citizens of OECD member states. Two results stand out. The presence of leftist governments increases the likelihood of ransom payment, but the abduction of statesmen mitigates its impact. This work contributes to hostage-taking and Foreign Policy Analysis literature by covering an apparent gap in these fields. It also fosters studies on the role of ideology in security issues and moral dilemmas by focusing on a peculiar event that scholars have largely overlooked.
D3.2.4 Planned programme of information dissemination to suit users/stakeholders including 4 one-pagers/year, one compilation booklet of one-pagers, 2 syntheses/year, monthly web features, Bulletin board updates for Network and congress proceedings and resources
Creators: name: British Nutrition Foundation
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: NoE and NEXUS Projects
The EuroFIR Food Platform
EuroFIR

description: European Food Information Resource Network

In early 2005, researchers from 21 different countries and 40 organisations began work on a new five year project called EuroFIR (short for European FoodInformation Resource Network, contract number FP6-513944), designed to build and disseminate a comprehensive, coherent and validated databank providing a single, authoritative source of food composition data in Europe for nutrients, and newly emerging bioactive compounds with potential health benefits.

The EuroFIR project is a Network of Excellence, and has five strategic objectives:

1. Gather resources and expertise in food composition databanks from across Europe, in order to strengthen scientific and technological excellence in this area.

2. Identify and provide new information for missing data for nutrients and biologically active compounds with potential health effects, and covering all food categories including traditional, ethnic minority, novel, high-added- value and ready-prepared foods.

3. Spread excellence through training and sharing of methods and facilities, in order to enhance the impact of the network in terms of development of food composition databanks and in public health nutrition.

4. Communicate with stakeholder groups, in order to establish and deliver user and stakeholder requirements for sustainable and durable food databank systems.

5. Disseminate and exploit new scientific and technological knowledge in order to strengthen the competitiveness of the European food industry, including SMEs. EuroFIR will operate along 4 horizontal platforms, which each contain a number of workpackages. Each workpackage is being led by an EU-based organisation, and will play a vital role in the research, dissemination or management of this extensive project.

The network is coordinated by Mr. Paul Finglas of the Institute of Food Research, Norwich (paul.finglas@bbsrc.ac.uk). For more details about this project, and for a list of the project partners, log onto http://www.eurofir.net, where interested stakeholders can also sign up to receive regular email updates. There is also a dedicated webpage on the BNF website (www.nutrition.org.uk).
Using a Bundled Amenity Model to Estimate the Value of Cropland Open Space and Determine an Optimal Buffer Zone
Creators: name: Kuminoff, Nicolai V.
name: Kuminoff, Nicolai V.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: amenity value
subject: buffer zone
subject: cropland
subject: hedonic
subject: land use
subject: open space

description: This study investigates how proximity to cropland influences residential property values and considers the public policy implications. The hedonic model generalizes previous studies by recognizing that the bundle of externalities generated by crop production may increase the price of some homes and decrease the price of others, depending on their respective locations. Using an instrumental variables approach to estimate the model for San Joaquin County, California, suggests that proximity to cropland increases the value of most, but not all, single-family homes near the agricultural-urban edge. The results imply an agricultural buffer zone of 68 meters would mitigate most cropland disamenities.