cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Decomposable-Net: Scalable Low-Rank Compression for Neural Networks
Creators: name: Yaguchi, Atsushi
name: Suzuki, Taiji
name: Nitta, Shuhei
name: Sakata, Yukinobu
name: Tanizawa, Akiyuki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Compressing DNNs is important for the real-world applications operating on resource-constrained devices. However, we typically observe drastic performance deterioration when changing model size after training is completed. Therefore, retraining is required to resume the performance of the compressed models suitable for different devices. In this paper, we propose Decomposable-Net (the network decomposable in any size), which allows flexible changes to model size without retraining. We decompose weight matrices in the DNNs via singular value decomposition and adjust ranks according to the target model size. Unlike the existing low-rank compression methods that specialize the model to a fixed size, we propose a novel backpropagation scheme that jointly minimizes losses for both of full- and low-rank networks. This enables not only to maintain the performance of a full-rank network {\it without retraining} but also to improve low-rank networks in multiple sizes. Additionally, we introduce a simple criterion for rank selection that effectively suppresses approximation error. In experiments on the ImageNet classification task, Decomposable-Net yields superior accuracy in a wide range of model sizes. In particular, Decomposable-Net achieves the top-1 accuracy of $73.2\%$ with $0.27\times$MACs with ResNet-50, compared to Tucker decomposition ($67.4\% / 0.30\times$), Trained Rank Pruning ($70.6\% / 0.28\times$), and universally slimmable networks ($71.4\% / 0.26\times$).
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables. Proceedings of the Thirtieth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-21), pages 3249-3256
Sensing Optical Cavity Mismatch with a Mode-Converter and Quadrant Photodiode
Creators: name: Magaña-Sandoval, Fabian
name: Vo, Thomas
name: Vander-Hyde, Daniel
name: Sanders, J. R.
name: Ballmer, Stefan W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new technique for sensing optical cavity mode mismatch and alignment by using a cylindrical lens mode converting telescope, radio-frequency quadrant photodiodes, and a heterodyne detection scheme. The telescope allows the conversion of the Laguerre-Gauss bullseye mode (LG01) into the 45deg rotated Hermite-Gauss ("pringle") mode (HG11), which can be easily measured with quadrant photodiodes. We show that we can convert to the HG basis optically, measure mode mismatched and alignment signals using widely produced radio-frequency quadrant photodiodes, and obtain a feedback error signal with heterodyne detection.
description: 12 pages, 13 figures
Dardanus sanguinocarpus Degener 1925
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Diogenidae
Dardanus
Dardanus sanguinocarpus

description: Dardanus sanguinocarpus Degener in Edmondson, 1925
 Dardanus sanguinocarpus Degener in Edmondson, 1925: 24, fig. 5a, b, pl. 2, fig. A [type locality: O‘ahu, also from French Frigate Shoals; type material: USNM 265329 (see Asakura 2006)].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. records:
 Dardanus sanguinocarpus Degener in Edmondson, 1925 — Edmondson 1946: 264 [H.I.]. — Coles et al. 2001: 52 [Johnston Atoll]. — Coles, Eldredge, Kandel, Reath & Logenecker 2004: 63 [Kaua‘i, Hawai‘i]. — DeFelice et al. 2002: 30, 73 [French Frigate Shoals]. — Asakura 2006: 3, figs. 1–7 [O‘ahu, Midway Is., Gardner Pinnacles, French Frigate Shoals]. — Coles, Longenecker & Bolick 2006: 24 [Lāna‘i]. — Hoover 2006: 260, color photographs [O‘ahu, Hawai‘i]. — Coles et al. 2008: 48, 56 [Lāna‘i, Maui]. — Hazlett 2009: 765 [Hawai‘i]. — Coles & Swenson 2010: 87 [Moloka‘i, Lāna‘i, Maui].
 Taxonomy. Asakura (2006)
 Geographical distribution. Hawaiian Is., Johnston Atoll.
 Habitat. Subtidal to 112 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on pages 25-26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Testing Scalar-Tensor Gravity Using Space Gravitational-Wave Interferometers
Creators: name: Scharre, Paul D.
name: Will, Clifford M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the bounds which could be placed on scalar-tensor theories of gravity of the Jordan, Fierz, Brans and Dicke type by measurements of gravitational waveforms from neutron stars (NS) spiralling into massive black holes (MBH) using LISA, the proposed space laser interferometric observatory. Such observations may yield significantly more stringent bounds on the Brans-Dicke coupling parameter ωthan are achievable from solar system or binary pulsar measurements. For NS-MBH inspirals, dipole gravitational radiation modifies the inspiral and generates an additional contribution to the phase evolution of the emitted gravitational waveform. Bounds on ωcan therefore be found by using the technique of matched filtering. We compute the Fisher information matrix for a waveform accurate to second post-Newtonian order, including the effect of dipole radiation, filtered using a currently modeled noise curve for LISA, and determine the bounds on ωfor several different NS-MBH canonical systems. For example, observations of a 1.4 solar mass NS inspiralling to a 1000 solar mass MBH with a signal-to-noise ratio of 10 could yield a bound of ω> 240,000, substantially greater than the current experimental bound of ω> 3000.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table; to be submitted to Phys. Rev. D
Dardanus sulcatus Edmondson 1925
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Diogenidae
Dardanus
Dardanus sulcatus

description: Dardanus sulcatus Edmondson, 1925
 Dardanus sulcatus Edmondson, 1925: 27, fig. 5c, d, pl. 2, fig. B [type locality: French Frigate Shoals; holotype: BPBM S1815].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. record:
 Dardanus sulcatus Edmondson, 1925 — Edmondson 1946: 265 [French Frigate Shoals].
 Taxonomy. Edmondson (1925)
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Unknown
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Formative Research on Acceptability of Pearl Millet in Rural Eastern Kenya – A Pilot Study
Creators: name: Ndiku, Mueni H.
name: Jara, Eddy
name: Sabate, Joan
name: Ndiku, Mueni H.
name: Jara, Eddy
name: Sabate, Joan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This study explored the acceptability of pearl millet grain in rural Eastern Kenya. Ninety seven households accepted to plant pearl millet. These were the 37 who were part of the study and other 60 who were not part of the study. When requested to barter 2 kg pearl millet with maize, 33 (85%) out of 39bartered with maize, 2 (5%) with sorghum, 2 (5%) with chicken and 2 (5%) with money. The average score for skill attainment was 88% with 92.5% mothers readily gaining the skill to prepare and incorporate pearl millet into the daily diet of children. Children liked pearl millet when given with a low of 77.8% and a high of 93.2%. These findings suggest that policies or programs to promote cultivation, bartering, and consumption of pearl millet grain could be well acceptable in rural Eastern Kenya which could add to the nutritional content of local diets.
Constraining Planetary Gas Accretion Rate from Hα Linewidth and Intensity: Case of PDS 70 b and c
Creators: name: Aoyama, Yuhiko
name: Ikoma, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of protoplanets embedded in circumstellar disks have shed light on the planet formation process. In particular, detection of hydrogen Balmer-line (Hα) emission gives direct constraints on late-stage accretion onto gas giants. Very recently Haffert et al. (2019) measured the spectral line-widths, in addition to intensities, of Hα emission from the two protoplanets orbiting PDS 70. Here, we study these protoplanets by applying radiation-hydrodynamic models of the shock-heated accretion flow onto protoplanets that Aoyama et al. (2018) has recently developed. As a result, we demonstrate that Hα line-widths combined with intensities lead to narrowing down the possible ranges of the protoplanetary accretion rate and/or mass significantly. While the current spectral resolution is not high enough to derive a definite conclusion regarding their accretion process, high-resolution spectral imaging of growing protoplanets is highly promising.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Phase diagram and critical exponents of a Potts gauge glass
Creators: name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Picco, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional q-state Potts model is subjected to a Z_q symmetric disorder that allows for the existence of a Nishimori line. At q=2, this model coincides with the +/- J random-bond Ising model. For q>2, apart from the usual pure and zero-temperature fixed points, the ferro/paramagnetic phase boundary is controlled by two critical fixed points: a weak disorder point, whose universality class is that of the ferromagnetic bond-disordered Potts model, and a strong disorder point which generalizes the usual Nishimori point. We numerically study the case q=3, tracing out the phase diagram and precisely determining the critical exponents. The universality class of the Nishimori point is inconsistent with percolation on Potts clusters.
description: Latex, 7 pages, 3 figures, v2: 1 reference added
Catapaguroides hooveri McLaughlin & Pittman 2002
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Catapaguroides
Catapaguroides hooveri

description: Catapaguroides hooveri McLaughlin & Pittman, 2002
 Catapaguroides hooveri McLaughlin & Pittman, 2002: 44, fig. 2 [type locality: Maui; holotype: USNM 308989; paratype: USNM 308990].
 Taxonomy. McLaughlin & Pittman (2002)
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Shallow subtidal, 11–18 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Assessing the Financial Health Status of Small Scale Poultry Businesses in Delta State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Idoge, D. E.
name: Chukwuji, C. O.
name: Idoge, D. E.
name: Chukwuji, C. O.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural Finance

description: The study investigated the financial health status of small scale poultry businesses in Delta State, Nigeria using Altman’s Z-score model. The empirical study was undertaken to assess the solvency and hence future survivability of small scale poultry enterprises in the State. Financial data were extracted from three years (2010 – 2012) financial statements of 125 small scale poultry farms purposively selected from farms operating in the State and incorporated with the Nigerian Corporate Affairs Commission as limited liability agribusinesses. Descriptive statistics which include computed financial ratios, frequency distributions, percentages and tables were applied to analyze the content of the financial statements and Altman’s Z-scores’ were computed for each sampled farm for the three year period. The study shows that in 2010, 47.8 percent of farm enterprises had Z-scores between minus 0.60 to 1.55. In 2011 and 2012, 44.8 percent and 42.4 percent, respectively of the farms had Z-scores between negative 0.60 and 1.55. The study further indicates that 28 percent, 27 percent and 30.4 percent in 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively, of the sampled farms had computed Z-scores between 2.64 and 4.79 farms. The study recommends the use of Altman’s Z-score by small scale investors as a technique for monitoring the financial health of their agribusinesses to prevent the ugly consequences of bankruptcy and liquidation.
Search for fermion universality of the Dirac component of neutrino mass matrix
Creators: name: Krolikowski, Wojciech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An effective texture is presented for six Majorana neutrinos, three active and three (conventional) sterile, based on a 6x6 mass matrix, whose 3x3 active--sterile component (i.e., Dirac component) is conjectured to get a fermion universal form similar to the constructed previously 3x3 mass matrix for charged leptons and 3x3 mass matrices for up and down quarks. This is true, however, when the bimaximal mixing, specific for neutrinos, is transformed out unitarily from the neutrino mass matrix. The 3x3 active--active component (i.e., lefthanded component) of neutrino 6x6 mass matrix is diagonal and gets degenerate entries. It dominates over the whole neutrino mass matrix. In such a texture, three neutrino masses are nearly degenerate, $ m_1 \simeq m_2 \simeq m_3 $, but their mass-squared differences appear hierarchical, $Δm^2_{21} \ll Δm^2_{32} \simeq Δm^2_{31}$, while the remaining three neutrino masses can be constructed to vanish, $ m_4 = m_5 = m_6 = 0 $, in contrast to the familiar seesaw mechanism.
description: 23 pages, latex, no figures, misprints are corrected, and in order to make the paper more selfcontained some addenda are introduced
Building Scaffolds for Tubular Tissue Engineering
Creators: name: Boys, Alexander J.
name: Barron, Sarah L.
name: Tilev, Damyan
name: Owens, Roisin M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bioengineering and Biotechnology
biomaterials
3D printing
electrospinning
decellularization
lumen
vascular
intestine
trachea

description: Hollow organs and tissue systems drive various functions in the body. Many of these hollow or tubular systems, such as vasculature, the intestines, and the trachea, are common targets for tissue engineering, given their relevance to numerous diseases and body functions. As the field of tissue engineering has developed, numerous benchtop models have been produced as platforms for basic science and drug testing. Production of tubular scaffolds for different tissue engineering applications possesses many commonalities, such as the necessity for producing an intact tubular opening and for formation of semi-permeable epithelia or endothelia. As such, the field has converged on a series of manufacturing techniques for producing these structures. In this review, we discuss some of the most common tissue engineered applications within the context of tubular tissues and the methods by which these structures can be produced. We provide an overview of the general structure and anatomy for these tissue systems along with a series of general design criteria for tubular tissue engineering. We categorize methods for manufacturing tubular scaffolds as follows: casting, electrospinning, rolling, 3D printing, and decellularization. We discuss state-of-the-art models within the context of vascular, intestinal, and tracheal tissue engineering. Finally, we conclude with a discussion of the future for these fields.
First-principles theory of proximity spin-orbit torque on a two-dimensional magnet: Current-driven antiferromagnet-to-ferromagnet reversible transition in bilayer CrI$_3$
Creators: name: Dolui, Kapildeb
name: Petrovic, Marko D.
name: Zollner, Klaus
name: Plechac, Petr
name: Fabian, Jaroslav
name: Nikolic, Branislav K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recently discovered two-dimensional (2D) magnetic insulator CrI$_3$ is an intriguing case for basic research and spintronic applications since it is a ferromagnet in the bulk, but an antiferromagnet in bilayer form, with its magnetic ordering amenable to external manipulations. Using first-principles quantum transport approach, we predict that injecting unpolarized charge current parallel to the interface of bilayer-CrI$_3$/monolayer-TaSe$_2$ van der Waals heterostructure will induce spin-orbit torque (SOT) and thereby driven dynamics of magnetization on the first monolayer of CrI$_3$ in direct contact with TaSe$_2$. By combining calculated complex angular dependence of SOT with the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert equation for classical dynamics of magnetization, we demonstrate that current pulses can switch the direction of magnetization on the first monolayer to become parallel to that of the second monolayer, thereby converting CrI$_3$ from antiferromagnet to ferromagnet while not requiring any external magnetic field. We explain the mechanism of this reversible current-driven nonequilibrium phase transition by showing that first monolayer of CrI$_3$ carries current due to evanescent wavefunctions injected by metallic transition metal dichalcogenide TaSe$_2$, while concurrently acquiring strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) via such proximity effect, whereas the second monolayer of CrI$_3$ remains insulating. The transition can be detected by passing vertical read current through the vdW heterostructure, encapsulated by bilayer of hexagonal boron nitride and sandwiched between graphite electrodes, where we find tunneling magnetoresistance of $\simeq 240$%.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures, one movie (available from https://wiki.physics.udel.edu/qttg/Publications), PDFLaTeX
Calcium depletion challenges endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis by destabilising BiP-substrate complexes
Creators: name: Preissler, Steffen
name: Rato, Claudia
name: Yan, Yahui
name: Perera, Luke A
name: Czako, Aron
name: Ron, David
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Biochemistry and Chemical Biology
Cell Biology
BiP
Grp78
calcium
endoplasmic reticulum
oligomerisation
None

description: The metazoan endoplasmic reticulum (ER) serves both as a hub for maturation of secreted proteins and as an intracellular calcium storage compartment, facilitating calcium-release-dependent cellular processes. ER calcium depletion robustly activates the unfolded protein response (UPR). However, it is unclear how fluctuations in ER calcium impact organellar proteostasis. Here, we report that calcium selectively affects the dynamics of the abundant metazoan ER Hsp70 chaperone BiP, by enhancing its affinity for ADP. In the calcium-replete ER, ADP rebinding to post-ATP hydrolysis BiP-substrate complexes competes with ATP binding during both spontaneous and co-chaperone-assisted nucleotide exchange, favouring substrate retention. Conversely, in the calcium-depleted ER, relative acceleration of ADP-to-ATP exchange favours substrate release. These findings explain the rapid dissociation of certain substrates from BiP observed in the calcium-depleted ER and suggest a mechanism for tuning ER quality control and coupling UPR activity to signals that mobilise ER calcium in secretory cells.
Modelling Seed System Networks in Mali to Improve Farmers Seed Supply
Creators: name: Coulibaly, Harouna
name: Bazile, Didier
name: Sidibe, Amadou
name: Coulibaly, Harouna
name: Bazile, Didier
name: Sidibe, Amadou
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Food security remains a constant source of concern in Mali, where over 75% of the population derives their living from agriculture. Despite the huge theoretical need, the production and use of improved seeds remain very limited. Concurrently, genetic erosion and the disappearance of certain local varieties have been observed. The dual need to preserve agricultural biodiversity as a factor of resilience for production systems while disseminating improved varieties as a means to increase production raises questions regarding what type or types of organization could best respond to these agricultural challenges. The farmer seed network in Mali is based on the self-production of pearl millet and sorghum seeds and operates through non-commercial, community-based exchanges. The formal seed sector distributes certified seeds through cooperatives, with cost-effectiveness the main priority. The joining of these two seed networks could allow agro-biodiversity to be considered in such a way that genetic diversity can be maintained. The various pearl millet and sorghum seed exchange networks often are considered to be in opposition, with the formal network pitted against the informal one. By highlighting points where the two systems could come together, the proposed model allows a new perspective on seed flows and agro-biodiversity management. The global seed network that could emerge from this would, on one hand, remedy the failure of the state seed system inspired by a Western model in which seed production and distribution is disconnected from agricultural production, and, on the other, compensate for shortcomings in the traditional farmer seed system to increase productivity and sustainably manage farmer pearl millet and sorghum varieties while continuously introducing new genetic resources.
Griscelli Syndrome Type 2 Sine Albinism: Unraveling Differential RAB27A Effector Engagement
Creators: name: Ohishi, Yuta
name: Ammann, Sandra
name: Ziaee, Vahid
name: Strege, Katharina
name: Groß, Miriam
name: Amos, Carla Vazquez
name: Shahrooei, Mohammad
name: Ashournia, Parisa
name: Razaghian, Anahita
name: Griffiths, Gillian M.
name: Ehl, Stephan
name: Fukuda, Mitsunori
name: Parvaneh, Nima
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Griscelli syndrome type 2 sine albinism
subject: whole-exome sequencing
subject: hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis
subject: RAB27A
subject: MLPH/SLAC2-A
subject: MUNC13-4
subject: inborn error of immunity

description: Griscelli syndrome type 2 (GS-2) is an inborn error of immunity characterized by partial albinism and episodes of hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH). It is caused by RAB27A mutations that encode RAB27A, a member of the Rab GTPase family. RAB27A is expressed in many tissues and regulates vesicular transport and organelle dynamics. Occasionally, GS-2 patients with RAB27A mutation display normal pigmentation. The study of such variants provides the opportunity to map distinct binding sites for tissue-specific effectors on RAB27A. Here we present a new case of GS-2 without albinism (GS-2 sine albinism) caused by a novel missense mutation (Val143Ala) in the RAB27A and characterize its functional cellular consequences. Using pertinent animal cell lines, the Val143Ala mutation impairs both the RAB27A–SLP2-A interaction and RAB27A–MUNC13-4 interaction, but it does not affect the RAB27A–melanophilin (MLPH)/SLAC2-A interaction that is crucial for skin and hair pigmentation. We conclude that disruption of the RAB27A–MUNC13-4 interaction in cytotoxic lymphocytes leads to the HLH predisposition of the GS-2 patient with the Val143Ala mutation. Finally, we include a review of GS-2 sine albinism cases reported in the literature, summarizing their genetic and clinical characteristics.
Catapaguroides setosus
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Catapaguroides
Catapaguroides setosus

description: Catapaguroides setosus (Edmondson, 1951)
 Cestopagurus setosus Edmondson, 1951: 200, fig. 9 [type locality: O‘ahu; holotype: BPBM S5512].
 Additional references on Hawaiian Is. material:
 Catapaguroides setosus (Edmondson, 1951) — McLaughlin & Pittman 2002: 42 [holotype].
 Taxonomy. McLaughlin & Pittman (2002). Catapaguroides fragilis (Melin, 1939) is not conspecific with Catapaguroides setosus (Edmondson, 1951), as stated by de Saint Laurent (1968: 940, fig. 26) (McLaughlin & Pittman 2002).
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Shallow subtidal to 18 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on page 26, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Evidence of the Interaction Between Crop Species and Organic Amendments: Modelling of the Differential Grain Yield Response of Wheat, Soybean, and Canola to Organic Amendments
Creators: name: Nkoa, Roger
name: Ondoua, Boris
name: Voroney, Paul
name: Tambong, James
name: Nkoa, Roger
name: Ondoua, Boris
name: Voroney, Paul
name: Tambong, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Knowledge on the interaction between plants and organic amendments is critical for the basic understanding of agroecosystems sustainability. Organic amendments are of great interest in agriculture by virtue of their ability to restore lost soil organic carbon in eroded or conventionally cultivated soils. The major objective of this study was to demonstrate and model the differential response of crop species to organic amendments. Despite the potential of such an interaction to improve crop production, it has never been formally demonstrated in a planned experiment. A two-year greenhouse experiment set as 3×3×5 factorial in a strip-split plot design was conducted. The effects of crop species, type of organic amendment, and application rates on grain yield of soybean, canola, and wheat were evaluated. To account for the asymmetry of the concave responses of soybean, mathematical transcendental models were fitted, for the first time, to yield data. The interaction between crop species and amended soils was highly significant. Soybean displayed concave transcendental yield responses whereas canola and wheat exhibited negative exponential responses, irrespective of the type of amendment. Turkey compost outperformed turkey litter and beef manure by 30% and 52%, respectively, with respect to soybean production; whereas turkey litter outperformed turkey compost and beef manure by 144% and 264%, respectively, with respect to canola and wheat production. It is concluded that in greenhouse settings and perhaps field conditions, growth and development of crop species can be enhanced by matching the specific characteristics of organic amendments to the specific nutrients demand of crop species.
Magnetic properties of alpha-iron(II) phthalocyanine
Creators: name: Evangelisti, M.
name: Bartolome, J.
name: de Jongh, L. J.
name: Filoti, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the magnetic properties of the supra-molecular compound iron(II) phthalocyanine in its alpha-form. dc- and ac-susceptometry measurements and Mossbauer experiments show that the iron atoms are strongly magnetically coupled into ferromagnetic Ising chains with very weak antiferromagnetic interchain coupling. The transition to 3D magnetic ordering below 10 K is hindered by the presence of impurities or other defects, by which the domain-wall arrangements along individual chains become gradually blocked/frozen, leading to a disordered 3D distribution of ferromagnetic chain segments. Below 5 K, field-cooled and zero-field-cooled magnetization measurements show strong irreversible behavior, attributed to pinning of the domain-walls by the randomly distributed defects in combination with the interchain coupling. High-field magnetization experiments reveal a canted arrangement of the moments in adjacent ferromagnetic chains.
description: 11 pages (revtex4) + 12 ps figures
Applicability of Climate Analogues for Climate Change Adaptation Planning in Bugabira Commune of Burundi
Creators: name: Nyairo, Risper
name: Onwonga, Richard
name: Cherogony, Kipruto
name: Luedeling, Eike
name: Nyairo, Risper
name: Onwonga, Richard
name: Cherogony, Kipruto
name: Luedeling, Eike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Climate analogue analysis is an approach that has been proposed in climate change impact studies to serve as a complement to climate impact projections. In this approach, a location whose present climate is similar to the projected climate of another location is investigated to learn about potential impacts of climate change, based on a real-life example. Possible response options to negative impacts may also be identified for climate change adaptation planning. The current study used the climatic distance method to determine analogue locations for Bugabira Commune in Burundi. The climatic distance was calculated from temperature and rainfall projections produced by three climate models, driven by two greenhouse gas emissions scenarios and assessed for three future time periods. Information relevant to farming systems and adaptation was then obtained through interviews that involved 450 household heads living in Bugabira (target) and Bubanza (analogue) communes in Burundi. By comparing the two farming systems using results from the analysis of the questionnaires, similarities and differences were determined. The analysis showed that crop and animal types, as well as various land management practices, were similar in both locations. Slight differences in land management strategies could only be noticed in the adoption rates of various technologies. Fifty-nine percent and 19% of farmers at the target and analogue locations, respectively, practiced contour ploughing, while 68% and 43% of farmers at the target and analogue locations practiced crop rotation. Eighty-seven percent of farmers at the target site and 58% of farmers in the analogue location applied manure to their farms. The differences in adoption rates could not be attributed to climatic or non-climatic factors. Based on the results, the study concluded that the analogues approach has low potential for the farmers of Bugabira to learn lessons for adaptation planning.
Mesenchyme-derived IGF2 is a major paracrine regulator of pancreatic growth and function
Creators: name: Hammerle, Constanze M.
name: Sandovici, Ionel
name: Brierley, Gemma V.
name: Smith, Nicola M.
name: Zimmer, Warren E.
name: Zvetkova, Ilona
name: Prosser, Haydn M.
name: Sekita, Yoichi
name: Lam, Brian Y. H.
name: Ma, Marcella
name: Cooper, Wendy N.
name: Vidal-Puig, Antonio
name: Ozanne, Susan E.
name: Medina-Gómez, Gema
name: Constância, Miguel
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Research Article
subject: Biology and life sciences
subject: Medicine and health sciences
subject: Research and analysis methods
subject: Engineering and technology
subject: FOS: Engineering and technology

description: The genetic mechanisms that determine the size of the adult pancreas are poorly understood. Imprinted genes, which are expressed in a parent-of-origin-specific manner, are known to have important roles in development, growth and metabolism. However, our knowledge regarding their roles in the control of pancreatic growth and function remains limited. Here we show that many imprinted genes are highly expressed in pancreatic mesenchyme-derived cells and explore the role of the paternally-expressed insulin-like growth factor 2 (Igf2) gene in mesenchymal and epithelial pancreatic lineages using a newly developed conditional Igf2 mouse model. Mesenchyme-specific Igf2 deletion results in acinar and beta-cell hypoplasia, postnatal whole-body growth restriction and maternal glucose intolerance during pregnancy, suggesting that the mesenchyme is a developmental reservoir of IGF2 used for paracrine signalling. The unique actions of mesenchymal IGF2 are demonstrated by the absence of any discernible growth or functional phenotypes upon Igf2 deletion in the developing pancreatic epithelium. Additionally, increased IGF2 levels specifically in the mesenchyme, through conditional Igf2 loss-of-imprinting or Igf2r deletion, leads to pancreatic acinar overgrowth. Furthermore, ex-vivo exposure of primary acinar cells to exogenous IGF2 activates AKT, a key signalling node, and increases their number and amylase production. Based on these findings, we propose that mesenchymal Igf2, and perhaps other imprinted genes, are key developmental regulators of adult pancreas size and function.
$R_{\rm e}$. I. Understanding galaxy sizes, associated luminosity densities, and the artificial division of the early-type galaxy population
Creators: name: Graham, Alister W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The deceptive simplicity of the radius enclosing an arbitrary 50 percent of a galaxy's light has hamstrung the understanding of early-type galaxies (ETGs). Half a century ago, using the "effective half-light radii" $R_e$ from de Vaucouleurs' $R^{1/4}$ model, Sérsic reported that bright ETGs follow the relation $\mathfrak{M}_B\propto2.5\log R_e$; and consequently one has that $\langleμ\rangle_e\propto2.5\log R_e$ and $μ_e\propto2.5\log R_e$, where $μ_e$ and $\langleμ\rangle_e$ are the effective surface brightness at $R_e$ and the mean effective surface brightness within $R_e$, respectively. Sérsic additionally observed an apparent transition which led him to advocate for a division between what he called dwarf and giant ETGs; a belief frequently restated to occur at $\mathfrak{M}_B\approx-18$ mag or Sérsic $n\approx 2.5$. Here, the location of this false dichotomy is shown to change by more than 3 mag simply depending on the arbitrary percentage of light used to quantify a galaxy's size, voiding claims for different formation physics operating on ETGs brighter and fainter than $\mathfrak{M}_B\approx-18$ mag. This is of further importance because quantities such as dynamical mass $σ^2R/G$, gravitational binding energy $GM^2/R$, acceleration $GM/R^2$, and the "Fundamental Plane" depend systematically on the arbitrary percentage of light used to define $R$, with implications for dark matter estimates, galaxy formation theories, compact massive galaxies, studies of peculiar velocity flows, and more. Finally, some of the vast literature which has advocated for segregating the ETG population at $\mathfrak{M}_B\approx-18$ mag ($M\approx1$-$2\times10^{10}\,M_{\odot}$) is addressed, and it is revealed how this pervasive mindset has spilled-over to influence both the classical bulge versus pseudobulge debate and recently also correlations involving supermassive black hole masses.
description: 28 pages (including 18 figures), plus 340 references (now further updated)
Soil Organic Matter Quality From Soils Cropped by Traditional Peasants
Creators: name: Canellas, Luciano Pasqualoto
name: Spaccini, Riccardo
name: Aguiar, Natalia De Oliveira
name: Olivares, Fabio Lopes
name: Canellas, Luciano Pasqualoto
name: Spaccini, Riccardo
name: Aguiar, Natalia De Oliveira
name: Olivares, Fabio Lopes
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Land Economics/Use
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: In this work we have analyzed soil samples from Oxisols collected from two traditional communities, one formed by Guarany Indians at South of Brazil and other by African descendants on North of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. The content and fractional composition of humus was investigated and the isolated humic acids (HAs) were characterized by elemental composition, 13C solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance, and high-performance size exclusion chromatography. The bioactivity of HAs was evaluated considering the effects on root growth of maize seedlings. Chemical properties from adjacent soils under native forest were used as control samples. The local field sites matching the traditional cropping requirements, were characterized by higher soil chemical fertility and soil organic matter hydrophobicity, as compared to the land plots considered as inadequate by rural peasants. The HAs from cropped soils revealed significant differences in respect to content, hydrophobicity, biostimulation and molecular dimension. Although all humic extracts promoted, both, root growth and the stimulation of lateral root emergence over control, the HAs from preferential local sites, revealed a larger bioactivity response on root stimulation even at lower concentration. The assessment of soil quality issued by local farmers, showed a valuable fitting with bio-chemical fertility indicators and SOM hydrophobicity.
Catapagurus granulatus Edmondson 1951
Creators: name: Castro, Peter
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Paguridae
Catapagurus
Catapagurus granulatus

description: Catapagurus granulatus Edmondson, 1951
 Catopagurus granulatus Edmondson, 1951: 198, fig. 8 [type locality: O‘ahu; holotype: BPBM S5546; paratype: BPBM S5514].
 Additional Hawaiian Is. record:
 Hemipagurus granulatus (Edmondson, 1951) — Asakura 2001: 839, figs. 1E, 3, 7, 17B, 19B, 21C, D, 22B, 40D– H, 42C, D, 44B, 49 [type material, Kaua‘i, O‘ahu, Au‘au Channel east of Lāna‘i, Nihoa].
 Taxonomy. McLaughlin (2004a)
 Geographical distribution. Only known from the Hawaiian Is.
 Habitat. Shallow subtidal to bathyal, 36–432 m.
description: Published as part of Castro, Peter, 2011, Catalog of the anomuran and brachyuran crabs (Crustacea: Decapoda: Anomura, Brachyura) of the Hawaiian Islands 2947, pp. 1-154 in Zootaxa 2947 (1) on pages 26-27, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5283044
Correlations in a confined magnetized free-electron gas
Creators: name: Kettenis, M. M.
name: Suttorp, L. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Equilibrium quantum statistical methods are used to study the pair correlation function for a magnetized free-electron gas in the presence of a hard wall that is parallel to the field. With the help of a path-integral technique and a Green function representation the modifications in the correlation function caused by the wall are determined both for a non-degenerate and for a completely degenerate gas. In the latter case the asymptotic behaviour of the correlation function for large position differences in the direction parallel to the wall and perpendicular to the field, is found to change from Gaussian in the bulk to algebraic near the wall.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, submitted to J. Phys. A: Math. Gen
Bacteria-mediated aggregation of the marine phytoplankton Thalassiosira weissflogii and Nannochloropsis oceanica
Creators: name: Tran, Nhan-An T.
name: Tamburic, Bojan
name: Evenhuis, Christian R.
name: Seymour, Justin R.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Article
subject: Environmental biotechnology
subject: FOS: Environmental biotechnology
subject: Microbial aggregation
subject: Thalassiosira
subject: Nannochloropsis
subject: Microalgae-bacteria interactions

description: Funder: Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship
description: Funder: University of Technology Sydney Climate Change Cluster (C3)
description: Abstract: The ecological relationships between heterotrophic bacteria and marine phytoplankton are complex and multifaceted, and in some instances include the bacteria-mediated aggregation of phytoplankton cells. It is not known to what extent bacteria stimulate aggregation of marine phytoplankton, the variability in aggregation capacity across different bacterial taxa or the potential role of algogenic exopolymers in this process. Here we screened twenty bacterial isolates, spanning nine orders, for their capacity to stimulate aggregation of two marine phytoplankters, Thalassiosira weissflogii and Nannochloropsis oceanica. In addition to phytoplankton aggregation efficiency, the production of exopolymers was measured using Alcian Blue. Bacterial isolates from the Rhodobacterales, Flavobacteriales and Sphingomonadales orders stimulated the highest levels of cell aggregation in phytoplankton cultures. When co-cultured with bacteria, exopolymer concentration accounted for 34.1% of the aggregation observed in T. weissflogii and 27.7% of the aggregation observed in N. oceanica. Bacteria-mediated aggregation of phytoplankton has potentially important implications for mediating vertical carbon flux in the ocean and in extracting phytoplankton cells from suspension for biotechnological applications.
Experimental observation of the Bogoliubov transformation for a Bose-Einstein condensed gas
Creators: name: Vogels, J. M.
name: Xu, K.
name: Raman, C.
name: Abo-Shaeer, J. R.
name: Ketterle, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phonons with wavevector $q/\hbar$ were optically imprinted into a Bose-Einstein condensate. Their momentum distribution was analyzed using Bragg spectroscopy with a high momentum transfer. The wavefunction of the phonons was shown to be a superposition of +q and -q free particle momentum states, in agreement with the Bogoliubov quasiparticle picture.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, please take postscript version for the best version of Fig 1
Wilson loop and Wilczek-Zee phase from a non-Abelian gauge field
Creators: name: Sugawa, Seiji
name: Salces-Carcoba, Francisco
name: Yue, Yuchen
name: Putra, Andika
name: Spielman, I. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum states can acquire a geometric phase called the Berry phase after adiabatically traversing a closed loop, which depends on the path not the rate of motion. The Berry phase is analogous to the Aharonov-Bohm phase derived from the electromagnetic vector potential, and can be expressed in terms of an Abelian gauge potential called the Berry connection. Wilczek and Zee extended this concept to include non-Abelian phases -- characterized by the gauge independent Wilson loop -- resulting from non-Abelian gauge potentials. Using an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate, we quantum-engineered a non-Abelian SU(2) gauge field, generated by a Yang monopole located at the origin of a 5-dimensional parameter space. By slowly encircling the monopole, we characterized the Wilczek-Zee phase in terms of the Wilson loop, that depended on the solid-angle subtended by the encircling path: a generalization of Stokes' theorem. This observation marks the observation of the Wilson loop resulting from a non-Abelian point source.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Effects of Number and Rate of Goat Manure Application on Soil Properties, Growth and Yield of Sweet Maize (Zea mays L. saccharata Strut)
Creators: name: Uwah, Donatus Felix
name: Eyo, V. E.
name: Uwah, Donatus Felix
name: Eyo, V. E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Land Economics/Use

description: Alternative sources of plant nutrients have now become highly imperative especially for vegetable crop production in Nigeria. Due to the escalating costs, environmental and health problems associated with excessive use of inorganic fertilizers on continuously cropped fields, there is a need for more research on the use of organic manures and residues. A field experiment was conducted in the late growing season from September to December, 2012 in Calabar, a humid forest agroecology in south eastern Nigeria to evaluate the effects of two types of goat manure (GM) application (single and double split doses), five rates of GM (0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1) and 400kg ha-1 NPK fertilizer (120:60:60 kg ha-1) rate on soil chemical properties and agronomic performance of sweet maize (Zea mays L. saccharata Strut). Factorial combinations of the treatments were fitted into a randomized complete block design with three replications. The application of GM significantly (P ? 0.05) increased soil pH, organic matter (OM) content, total N, available P, exchangeable K, Ca, Mg and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) status of the soil. Soil exchangeable acidity (EA) was reduced from 1.76 to 0.64 cmol kg-1 at 20 t ha-1 GM rate. The 20 t ha-1 also recorded the highest values for soil pH, OM, P, Ca, Mg and CEC, while the values for residual N and K peaked at the NPK fertilizer treatment. The double split application of GM recorded higher values for growth and yield attributes, and increased soil properties than the single application. Growth and yield parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, leaf area index (LAI), total dry matter (TDM), number and weight of grains/ear and total grain yield were significantly (P < 0.05) increased by GM and NPK fertilizer treatments. The values obtained for all growth and yield parameters except LAI at the 20 t ha-1 GM rate were not significantly different from those at the NPK fertilizer treatments. The application of 5, 10, 15 and 20 t ha-1 GM, and NPK fertilizer significantly increased TDM by 11.9, 74.3, 91.9, 106.2 and 104.6%; weight of grains/ear by 16.5, 54.6, 61.4, 100.6 and 94.4% and total grain yield by 46.9, 111.7, 121.0, 127.2 and 140.1% respectively, compared with the control treatment. The interactions between number of applications and rates showed that split applying GM at 20 t ha-1 maximized TDM, weights of whole and dehusked green ears and total grain yield compared to other GM rates, hence it is recommended.
NLO QCD and EW corrections to vector-boson scattering into ZZ at the LHC
Creators: name: Denner, Ansgar
name: Franken, Robert
name: Pellen, Mathieu
name: Schmidt, Timo
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Regular Article - Theoretical Physics
NLO Computations
QCD Phenomenology

description: Abstract: We present the first calculation of the full next-to-leading-order electroweak and QCD corrections for vector-boson scattering (VBS) into a pair of Z bosons at the LHC. We consider specifically the process pp → e+e−μ+μ−jj + X at orders O(α7) and O(αsα6) and take all off-shell and interference contributions into account. Owing to the presence of enhanced Sudakov logarithms, the electroweak corrections amount to −16% of the leading-order electroweak fiducial cross section and induce significant shape distortions of differential distributions. The QCD corrections on the other hand are larger (+24%) than typical QCD corrections in VBS. This originates from considering the full computation including tri-boson contributions in a rather inclusive phase space. We also provide a leading-order analysis of all contributions to the cross section for pp → e+e−μ+μ−jj + X in a realistic setup.