cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Research on the infiltration law and enhancing application of dust suppressants in powder materials
Creators: name: Tian, Chen
name: Niu, Jingfu
name: Zhu, Junpeng
name: Zhang, Jiangshi
name: Chen, Xinyang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Dust emissions from open-pit mining pose a significant threat to environmental safety and human health. Currently, the range of dust suppressants used in coal mining is limited, often failing to account for their suitability across various stockpiles. This oversight results in poor infiltration after application, leading to insufficient crust formation and reduced durability. To explore the permeability of dust suppressant solutions in different stockpiles and develop a broader range of suppressants, numerical simulations were conducted to analyze the effects of liquid properties on infiltration rates. The results showed that increased liquid surface tension promotes infiltration, whereas higher solid-liquid contact angles and liquid viscosity inhibit it. Building on these findings, experimental work was undertaken using a water-based polyurethane with strong adhesion and low viscosity, combined with xanthan gum and polyethylene glycol, to optimize the dust suppressant formulation. The optimal binder formulation was found to contain 1.5% water-based polyurethane, 0.2% xanthan gum, and 1% polyethylene glycol. Infiltration experiments revealed distinct infiltration patterns for the dust suppressant solution in both rock and coal dust. The appropriate dosage of surfactants was also determined. The study indicated that surfactants enhance wettability and significantly reduce the solution’s surface tension. For hydrophilic rock dust, moderate surfactant addition improves permeability, while excessive amounts disrupt capillary forces. In contrast, for hydrophobic coal dust, wettability governs infiltration, with surfactants enhancing this property. Based on these findings, dust suppressant solutions suitable for both rock and coal dust were formulated. The formulations demonstrated excellent permeability, consolidation effects, and water resistance, as validated by tests measuring wind erosion resistance, crust strength, and water erosion resistance. Implications: This research examines the efficacy of dust suppressants in various particulate media and the factors influencing penetration performance, offering key insights for industrial and environmental management. As industrialization accelerates, dust generation poses serious risks to health and the environment, highlighting the urgent need for effective suppressants. The study emphasizes a novel aqueous polyurethane binder with strong adhesion and low viscosity.
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Faith Home Road and Garner Road Connection Project - STPL 5938 (240)
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2021

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2020-01671
Social workers' perceptions of child abuse and neglect
Creators: name: Blakely, Samuel Elgin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This research project concerns itself primarily with the social worker and his perceptions of child neglect and abuse. It is based on the premise that a meaningful study of neglect and abuse on a wider scale should be preceded by studies seeking to arrive at a more accurate definition of the problem. A comprehensive review of the literature focused on the stage which identifies the problem and the initial referral of neglect and abuse to a protective unit or agency. This review is found in chapter two and covers the areas of definitions, referral information, agency working relationships, family functioning of neglectful or abusive families, classifications of neglect and abuse, incidence and prevalence of the same, and worker decision making that results in a referral becoming a protective case. After reviewing each of these areas a critique was written. A measuring instrument was developed, drawing from prior studies done by Billingsley and Young, in the form of a questionnaire to test social workers' perception of neglect and abuse. A pretest was given to one hundred and thirty-two social workers in the Child Welfare field throughout the province of British Columbia. Respondents from fourteen offices in the Department of Social Welfare - all in different geographical locations, as well as the Vancouver Children's Aid Society, answered the questionnaire. Thus the data was obtained from a wide cross section of social workers presently working in the field of Child Welfare. The main hypothesis of the study, that there are differences in workers' perception of neglect and abuse was found to be valid. This research project did prove to be fruitful in making a start in obtaining data that gives clues as to how workers in the field do perceive neglect and abuse. It could also act as a stimulus for further research projects using some of the data from the questionnaires that was not included in this study and moving on to new research projects which focus on one aspect of the present study and examine it in more depth.
title: Endangered Species Act Biological Opinion, Conference Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Millennium Coal Export Terminal, Columbia River (5th Field HUC 1708000302), Cowlitz County, Washington (Corps No.: NWS-2010-1225)
title: Millennium Coal Terminal
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2020

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; WCRO-2018-00153
Slowly Rotating Peculiar Star BD+00$^\circ$1659 as a Benchmark for Stratification Studies in Ap/Bp Stars
Creators: name: Romanovskaya, A.
name: Ryabchikova, T.
name: Pakhomov, Y.
name: Potravnov, I.
name: Sitnova, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a self-consistent analysis of the magnetic silicon star BD+00$^\circ$1659, based on its high-resolution spectra taken from the ESPaDOnS archive (R = 68,000). This narrow-lined star shows the typical high Si abundance and Si II-III anomaly, making it an ideal prototype for investigating the vertical distribution of Si and Fe in the stellar atmosphere. The derived abundances, ranging from helium to lanthanides, confirm the star's classification as a silicon Bp spectral type. Silicon and iron are represented by lines of different ionisation stages (Fe I-III, Si I-III), indicating an ionisation imbalance interpreted as evidence of atmospheric stratification. Our stratification analysis reveals that there is a jump in iron and silicon abundances of 1.5 dex at atmospheric layers with an optical depth of $logτ_{5000}$ = $-$0.85-$-$1.00. Non-LTE calculations for iron in this stratified atmosphere show minor non-LTE effects. Our results can be applied to studying the impact of stratification on the emergent flux in rapidly rotating Si stars with similar atmospheric parameters and abundance anomalies (for example, MX TrA), where direct stratification analysis is challenging due to line~blending.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables
Renormalization Group Flow in Scalar-Tensor Theories. I
Creators: name: Narain, Gaurav
name: Percacci, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the renormalization group flow in a class of scalar-tensor theories involving at most two derivatives of the fields. We show in general that minimal coupling is self consistent, in the sense that when the scalar self couplings are switched off, their beta functions also vanish. Complete, explicit beta functions that could be applied to a variety of cosmological models are given in a five parameter truncation of the theory in $d=4$. In any dimension $d>2$ we find that the flow has only a "Gaussian Matter" fixed point, where all scalar self interactions vanish but Newton's constant and the cosmological constant are nontrivial. The properties of these fixed points can be studied algebraically to some extent. In $d=3$ we also find a gravitationally dressed version of the Wilson-Fisher fixed point, but it seems to have unphysical properties. These findings are in accordance with the hypothesis that these theories are asymptotically safe.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures. v.2: equations in appendix rewritten in more convenient form
Uniaxial strain detwinning of CaFe2As2 and BaFe2As2: optical and transport study
Creators: name: Tanatar, M. A.
name: Blomberg, E. C.
name: Kreyssig, A.
name: Kim, M. G.
name: Ni, N.
name: Thaler, A.
name: Bud'ko, S. L.
name: Canfield, P. C.
name: Goldman, A. I.
name: Mazin, I. I.
name: Prozorov, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TThe parent compounds of iron-arsenide superconductors, $A$Fe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ ($A$=Ca, Sr, Ba), undergo a tetragonal to orthorhombic structural transition at a temperature $T_{\mathrm{TO}}$ in the range 135 to 205K depending on the alkaline earth element. Below $T_{\mathrm{TO}}$ the free standing crystals split into equally populated structural domains, which mask intrinsic, in-plane, anisotropic properties of the materials. Here we demonstrate a way of mechanically detwinning CaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ and BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$. The detwinning is nearly complete, as demonstrated by polarized light imaging and synchrotron $X$-ray measurements, and reversible, with twin pattern restored after strain release. Electrical resistivity measurements in the twinned and detwinned states show that resistivity, $ρ$, decreases along the orthorhombic $a_{o}$-axis but increases along the orthorhombic $b_{o}$-axis in both compounds. Immediately below $T_{\mathrm{TO}}$ the ratio $ρ_{bo}/ ρ_{ao}$ = 1.2 and 1.5 for Ca and Ba compounds, respectively. Contrary to CaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$, BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ reveals an anisotropy in the nominally tetragonal phase, suggesting that either fluctuations play a larger role above $T_{\mathrm{TO}}$ in BaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$ than in CaFe$_{2}$As$_{2}$, or that there is a higher temperature crossover or phase transition.
description: extended version
The relationship of social factors of the female juvenile offender to the disposition of her case in the juvenile court
Creators: name: Begg, Sheila C.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In an attempt to look at the question of juvenile delinquency, an exploratory and descriptive study was undertaken to examine the relationship between selected social factors and the disposition by the court of the cases of female juveniles in the province of British Columbia. The study population consisted of 499 cases which appeared before the British Columbia courts in the year of 1966. This figure includes all female juvenile offenders with the exception of Vancouver where a sample population was selected. Data was collected from the Dominion Bureau of Vital Statistics, Form 3, 1966, coded and computerized in an attempt to correlate specific variables. The resulting univariate and bivariate tables were examined and certain conclusions were drawn. An important factor which must be taken into account, along with other difficulties, in considering such conclusions, was the inadequacy of available statistical data. Despite these limitations, it was found: that generally the disposition was appropriate to the offense; that older offenders were more frequently fined or required to make restitution; that the majority of fathers' occupations tended to fall into the lower socio-economic strata; and that dispositions involving loss of liberty were more likely to be imposed on children whose fathers were in the lower strata. Of interest were the findings which indicated that some current and popular assumptions regarding causative factors in juvenile delinquency were not supported by this study. With full knowledge that the hypothesis has not been conclusively proven, we hope that the merits of this study will encourage others, interested in this field or juvenile delinquency, to expand on the framework provided herein.
Tjibaou’s Kanak: ethnic identity as New Caledonia prepares its future
Creators: name: Fisher, Denise
Publisher: name: Canberra, ACT: State, Society and Governance in Melanesia (SSGM), Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, The Australian National University
Year: 2014
Subjects: New Caledonia
ethnic idenitity
independence
Kanaka

description: On 11 May 2014, New Caledonia elected its fourth, and final, local Congress under the historic 1998 Noumea Accord. There was no Australian media coverage of that election, nor of a violent protest at the end of May just out of Noumea, when Kanak protesters shot and injured two French gendarmes. Indeed, few Australians are aware that our closest neighbour just two hours flying time off the east coast of Queensland is France, in its Pacific possession, New Caledonia. One reason for this is that the French, along with the local pro-France and pro-independence groups who were engaged in a bloody civil war only 25 years ago, successfully negotiated a series of agreements ending the violence of the 1980s and postponing a sensitive self-determination vote in return for a promised schedule of handovers of responsibilities by 2014. These agreements, the 1988 Matignon/Oudinot Accords and the 1998 Noumea Accord, have so far presided over a long period of peace and prosperity, keeping the French collectivity out of the regional and Australian newspapers.
Duration modelling of the after-hours electronic futures market
Creators: name: Li, T
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis explores a class of models for modelling the time between trades, known as trade duration, in the after-hours electronic market for U.S. equity futures. These electronic markets have grown significantly over the last 10 years but little empirical work has been done to describe them. This is particularly so with duration modelling. High frequency trade duration data for the S&P 500 and NASDAQ-100 modelled in this thesis are collected from the GLOBEX electronic trading platform from the Chicago Mercantile Exchange for the period of 2004 to 2008. This thesis first fits standard linear Autoregressive Conditional Duration (ACD) models with Exponential, Weibull and Generalized Gamma error distributional assumptions to the period 2004 to 2006. The Generalized Gamma distribution outperforms the alternatives but still provides unsatisfactory results in the form of serially correlated residuals (volume is used as an additional mark in the model specifications). In order to improve the models, nonlinear forms of ACDmodel are estimated. In particular, the threshold and logarithmic forms are implemented. Although the results improve with these more flexible forms, there remains continued evidence of nonlinearity in the results. As a consequence, and taking into consideration the fact that the sample period of this thesis is much longer than the 3 month samples typically examined in the existing ACD literature, the thesis then examines the S&P 500 data for potential structural changes. Structural breaks are detected using a range of conditional Lagrange Multiplier tests associated with Andrews (1993) and Andrews and Ploberger (1994). FittingWeibull ACD models to the segmented sub-periods identified with the structural break tests significantly improves the model estimation results. Finally, this thesis examines the evidence for structural breaks in ACD models in the global financial crisis period using S&P 500 data from 2006 to 2008. The most significant structural change is found to occur in July, 2007, which is consistent with the onset of the crisis. Many of the structural change points detected in the data can be aligned with economic events during the crisis period, and sub-period estimations reveal the impact of the crisis on the electronic futures market.
Electronic structure and morphology of dark oxides on zinc generated by electrochemical treatment
Creators: name: Chen, Y.
name: Schneider, P.
name: Liu, B.-J.
name: Borodin, S.
name: Ren, B.
name: Erbe, A.
Publisher: name: London [u.a.] : Royal Society of Chemistry
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: dark oxides
subject: electronic structure
subject: chemical composition
subject: 540

description: Oxides formed by electrochemical treatment of metals frequently have properties and structures very different from the respective bulk oxides. Here, electronic structure and chemical composition were investigated for the oxide formed on polycrystalline zinc after electrochemical oxidation, and after subsequent reduction, in a Na2CO3 electrolyte. Photoluminescence and spectroscopic ellipsometry show the presence of states deep in the ZnO band gap in the oxidized sample, which consists of a highly disordered oxide. These states determine the absorption of light in the visible spectral range. After reduction, the characteristics of the ZnO electronic structure have disappeared, leaving a defect-dominated material with a band gap of ∼1.8 eV. Complementary detailed analysis of the morphology of the resulting surfaces shows hexagon-shaped metallic Zn-"nanoplates" to be formed in the reduction step. The optical appearance of the surfaces is dark, because of their efficient extinction of light over a large part of the visible spectrum. The optical appearance is a result of changed surface morphology and electronic structure of the oxide film. Such materials may possess interesting applications in photocatalysis or photoelectrochemistry.
Measuring the galaxy-mass and galaxy-dust correlations through magnification and reddening
Creators: name: Ménard, Brice
name: Scranton, Ryan
name: Fukugita, Masataka
name: Richards, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simultaneous detection of gravitational magnification and dust reddening effects due to galactic halos and large-scale structure. The measurement is based on correlating the brightness of ~85,000 quasars at z>1 with the position of 20 million galaxies at z~0.3 derived from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and is used to constrain the galaxy-mass and galaxy-dust correlation functions up to cosmological scales. The presence of dust is detected from 20 kpc to several Mpc, and we find its projected density to follow: Sigma_dust ~ theta^-0.8, a distribution similar to mass. The amount of dust in galactic halos is found to be comparable to that in disks. On large scales its wavelength dependence is described by R_V=3.9+/-2.6, consistent with interstellar dust. We estimate the resulting opacity of the Universe as a function of redshift and find A_V~0.03 mag up to z=0.5. This, in turn, implies a cosmic dust density of Omega_dust ~ 5x10^-6, roughly half of which comes from dust in halos of ~L* galaxies. We present magnification measurements, corrected for dust extinction, from which the galaxy-mass correlation function is inferred. The mean mass profile around galaxies is found to be Sigma ~ 30 (theta/arcmin)^-0.8 h M_sun/pc^2 up to a radius of 10 Mpc, in agreement with gravitational shear estimates.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Aspects of the phase diagram in (P)NJL-like models
Creators: name: Buballa, M.
name: Grunfeld, A. G.
name: Radzhabov, A. E.
name: Scheffler, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss three applications of NJL- and PNJL-like models to assess aspects of the QCD phase diagram: First, we study the effect of mesonic correlations on the pressure below and above the finite temperature phase transition within a nonlocal PNJL model beyond the mean-field approximation. Second, we reconstruct the phase boundary of an NJL model from a Taylor expansion of the chiral susceptibility about $μ= 0$ and compare the result with the exact phase boundary. Finally, we demonstrate the realization of the "non-standard scenario" for the critical surface in a three-flavor PNJL model with a $μ$-dependent determinant interaction.
description: 7 pages, talk given by M.B. at the International School of Nuclear Physics, 30th Course, "Heavy Ion Collisions from the Coulomb Barrier to the Quark Gluon Plasma", Erice, Italy, 16-24 September 2008
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological and Conference Opinion for the Issuance of the 5-Year Multi- Sector General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Industrial Activity, Pursuant to the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. Office of Protected Resources
Year: 2021

description: ESA Section 7 Consultation ; OPR-2019-04051
EDUCATING ACUTE CARE NURSES ABOUT THEIR ROLE IN TOBACCO USE AND CESSATION
Creators: name: Mini Thomas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Tobacco use continues to be the foremost preventable cause of death in the United States. The emergence of newer tobacco products such as electronic cigarettes and hookah are a threat to the current progress in tobacco cessation interventions. Use of newer tobacco products is increasing at a rapid rate among adolescents and young adults. In addition to the known dangers of nicotine, newer tobacco products also bring hazards such as poisoning and explosions. Existing tobacco surveillance and cessation interventions primarily focus on cigarette smoking. A comprehensive tobacco screening method along with specific cessation interventions for each tobacco product must be implemented to address the changing landscape of tobacco use. Hospital settings are excellent locations where nurses can play a major role in initiating tobacco cessation interventions. Hospitalized patients are in a temporary stage of abstinence from tobacco and have access to counseling services and pharmacotherapy. Nurses can capitalize on this teachable moment while patients are more receptive for initiating tobacco cessation. Nurses would require training to improve their confidence and participation on effective tobacco cessation approaches such as the 5A algorithm (ask, advice, assess, assist, and arrange) as well as interventions based on Stages of Change. An educational program for nurses on tobacco cessation interventions was developed to help in continuing the momentum in the decline of tobacco use.
Colloidal doped semiconductor nanocrystals embedded in one-dimensional photonic crystals for ultrafast photonics
Creators: name: Kriegel, Ilka
name: Scotognella, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: The optical properties of strongly doped semiconductor nanocrystals depend strongly on the carrier density of the nanocrystals. These characteristics can be exploited for the design of innovative optical devices based on ultrafast switching potentially in the THz regime. In this study, the optical response of one-dimensional photonic crystals incorporating colloidal nanoparticles of a highly doped semiconductor such as indium tin oxide was investigated, taking into consideration the angular dependence of the photonic band gap and the position dependence of the photonic band gap on the light-induced tunability of the indium tin oxide doping.
Observation of an exceptional point in a chaotic optical microcavity
Creators: name: Lee, Sang-Bum
name: Yang, Juhee
name: Moon, Songky
name: Lee, Soo-Young
name: Shim, Jeong-Bo
name: Kim, Sang Wook
name: Lee, Jai-Hyung
name: An, Kyungwon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present spectroscopic observation of an exceptional point or the transition point between diabatic crossing and avoided crossing of neighboring quasi-eigenmodes in a chaotic optical microcavity with a large size parameter. The transition to the avoided crossing was impeded until the degree of deformation exceeded a threshold deformation owing to the system's openness also enhanced by the shape deformation. As a result, a singular topology was observed around the exceptional point on the eigenfrequency surfaces, resulting in fundamental inconsistency in mode labeling.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
The relationship between woodland remnant size and bird diversity in an urban landscape in southern Tasmania
Creators: name: Le Fort, PA
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: There has been much research which relates reduction of habitat to reduction in biodiversity anq often birds are chosen as the best indicators of these changes. In Australia studies in this area have largely focused on the effects on birds in changing rural or forested, rather than urban, landscapes. There has been little research in this area in Tasmania, yet this State has perhaps the highest proportion of original natural habitat remaining of any State in Australia. This study compared the avifauna of adjacent urban and dry sclerophyll woodland sites in the urban fringe of Hobart and found significant differences in bird species diversity between these habitats. For the purposes of this study, the woodland remnants, therefore, could be considered islands and were tested for a species-area relationship according to the principles of island biogeography. The varying size of woodland remnant, from 1 to.3100hectares,simulating'habitat loss' was used to study its effects on the species richness and population density of the woodland avifauna. Data were gathered by the line transect method in these woodland remnants and the results analysed by the DISTANCE software package which gives estimates of population size and density. The results were plotted as a chart of approximate population sizes of the more common 22 species of woodland bird. Depending on what is considered to be the minimum viable population size the chart could be used as an indication of the threshold remnant area of woodland required for these species. In so doing it provides a mechanism by which predictions may be made regarding reductions in populations and loss of entire species as remnants are reduced further by urban expansion. If acceptable levels of remaining biodiversity for dry sclerophyll woodland can be set, then the sort of methodology adopted in this study could be used by natural area managers to predict whether development proposals are likely to re_duce an area of habitat below an ecologically sustainable level.
Casimir Effects Near the Big Rip Singularity in Viscous Cosmology
Creators: name: Brevik, Iver
name: Gorbunova, Olesya
name: Saez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Analytical properties of the scalar expansion in the cosmic fluid are investigated, especially near the future singularity, when the fluid possesses a constant bulk viscosity ζ. In addition, we assume that there is a Casimir-induced term in the fluid's energy-momentum tensor, in such a way that the Casimir contributions to the energy density and pressure are both proportional to 1/a^4, 'a' being the scale factor. A series expansion is worked out for the scalar expansion under the condition that the Casimir influence is small. Close to the Big Rip singularity the Casimir term has however to fade away and we obtain the same singular behavior for the scalar expansion, the scale factor, and the energy density, as in the Casimir-free viscous case.
description: 7 pages RevTeX, no figures. Minor changes in discussion, some references added. To appear in Gen. Rel. Grav
Renormalization Group Flow in Scalar-Tensor Theories. II
Creators: name: Narain, Gaurav
name: Rahmede, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the UV behaviour of actions including integer powers of scalar curvature and even powers of scalar fields with Functional Renormalization Group techniques. We find UV fixed points where the gravitational couplings have non-trivial values while the matter ones are Gaussian. We prove several properties of the linearized flow at such a fixed point in arbitrary dimensions in the one-loop approximation and find recursive relations among the critical exponents. We illustrate these results in explicit calculations in $d=4$ for actions including up to four powers of scalar curvature and two powers of the scalar field. In this setting we notice that the same recursive properties among the critical exponents, which were proven at one-loop order, still hold, in such a way that the UV critical surface is found to be five dimensional. We then search for the same type of fixed point in a scalar theory with minimal coupling to gravity in $d=4$ including up to eight powers of scalar curvature. Assuming that the recursive properties of the critical exponents still hold, one would conclude that the UV critical surface of these theories is five dimensional.
description: 14 pages. v.2: Minor changes, some references added
Activity and electron donor preference of two denitrifying bacterial strains identified by Raman gas spectroscopy
Creators: name: Blohm, Annika
name: Kumar, Swatantar
name: Knebl, Andreas
name: Herrmann, Martina
name: Küsel, Kirsten
name: Popp, Jürgen
name: Frosch, Torsten
Publisher: name: Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopy
subject: Denitrification
subject: Multi-gas analysis
subject: Nitrogen cycle
subject: 540

description: Human activities have greatly increased the input of reactive nitrogen species into the environment and disturbed the balance of the global N cycle. This imbalance may be offset by bacterial denitrification, an important process in maintaining the ecological balance of nitrogen. However, our understanding of the activity of mixotrophic denitrifying bacteria is not complete, as most research has focused on heterotrophic denitrification. The aim of this study was to investigate substrate preferences for two mixotrophic denitrifying bacterial strains, Acidovorax delafieldii and Hydrogenophaga taeniospiralis, under heterotrophic, autotrophic or mixotrophic conditions. This complex analysis was achieved by simultaneous identification and quantification of H2, O2, CO2, 14N2, 15N2 and 15N2O in course of the denitrification process with help of cavity-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (CERS) multi-gas analysis. To disentangle electron donor preferences for both bacterial strains, microcosm-based incubation experiments under varying substrate conditions were conducted. We found that Acidovorax delafieldii preferentially performed heterotrophic denitrification in the mixotrophic sub-experiments, while Hydrogenophaga taeniospiralis preferred autotrophic denitrification in the mixotrophic incubation. These observations were supported by stoichiometric calculations. The results demonstrate the prowess of advanced Raman multi-gas analysis to study substrate use and electron donor preferences in denitrification, based on the comprehensive quantification of complex microbial gas exchange processes. © 2021, The Author(s).
New Tests for Disruption Mechanisms of Star Clusters: The Large and Small Magellanic Clouds
Creators: name: Chandar, Rupali
name: Fall, S. Michael
name: Whitmore, Bradley C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the observed bivariate distribution of masses(M) and ages(t) of star clusters in the LMC with the predicted distributions g(M,t) from 3 idealized models for the disruption of star clusters: (1)sudden mass-dependent disruption;(2)gradual mass-dependent disruption; and (3)gradual mass-independent disruption. The model with mass-{\em in}dependent disruption provides a good, first-order description of these cluster populations, with g(M,t) propto M^{beta} t^{gamma}, beta=-1.8+/-0.2 and gamma=-0.8+/-0.2, at least for clusters with ages t<10^9 yr and masses M<10^3 M_sol (more specifically, t<10^7(M/10^2 M_sol)^{1.3} yr). This model predicts that the clusters should have a power-law luminosity function, dN/dL propto L^-1.8, in agreement with observations. The first two models, on the other hand, fare poorly when describing the observations, refuting previous claims that mass-dependent disruption of star clusters is observed in the LMC over the studied M-t domain. Clusters in the SMC can be described by the same g(M,t) distribution as for the LMC, but with smaller samples and hence larger uncertainties. The successful g(M,t) model for clusters in the Magellanic Clouds is virtually the same as the one for clusters in the merging Antennae galaxies, but extends the domain of validity to lower masses and to older ages. This indicates that the dominant disruption processes are similar in these very different galaxies over at least t<10^8 yr and possibly t<10^9 yr. The mass functions for young clusters in the LMC are power-laws, while that for ancient globular clusters is peaked. We show that the observed shapes of these mass functions are consistent with expectations from the simple evaporation model presented by McLaughlin & Fall.
description: 46 pages, 17 figures, published ApJ, vol 711, page 1263
A study of some factors influencing the orientation behaviour of the ambrosia bettle Trypodendron lineatum (Olivier) (Coleoptera : Scolytidae)
Creators: name: Chan, Vernon Bruce
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The behaviour of the ambrosia beetle Trypodendron llneatum (Olivier) has been considered in respect to illumination, body moisture and host factors. The investigation was designed to study potential uses of this insect as a test instrument for chemical studies of host wood attractants. A preliminary study of host attractants was also conducted using a newly-proposed bioassay technique. Monochromatic light at the wavelength 543 millimicrons was found to be the sole peak of stimulation to this insect in the visible spectrum. Beetles displayed a positive photic response by walking toward the source of light. A decrease in sensitivity occurred on either side of this peak, and in the longer wavelengths the sensitivity to light diminished at 735 millimicrons. Evidence to date indicated a second peak of sensitivity in the ultraviolet region of the spectrum; the latter appearing to be much greater than the peak in the visible spectrum. The intensity of any wavelength was also found to be a limiting factor in affecting beetle response, although in the longer wavelengths the sensitivity appeared to be a function of wavelength alone. Monochromatic light as a standard has been proposed for future bioassay techniques to act in opposition to odour stimuli. Red illumination was found to be effective in simulating darkness to T. lineatum. ‘Green’ unattractive sapwood shavings of Douglas-fir after placement under oxygen deficient conditions became attractive to T. lineatum. Maximum attractiveness was indicated in wood placed under anaerobiosis for 20 to 26 hours. Beyond 30 hours, little sign of attractants was noted. Control wood series did not undergo any transition, this leading to the conclusion that a significant change occurred in wood as a result of the anaerobic treatment. The implications of this result have been discussed. The successful use of wood shavings has made possible further studies on the nature of origin of attractants. The use of the anemotactic behaviour of beetles of both sexes to an airstream carrying host odour was found to be a highly efficient technique of analysis. The role of greater quantities of light in attracting insects away from a source of olfactory stimulation became increasingly apparent from this study. Moisture loss of the insect apparently did not alter their response to white light.
PILOT IMPLEMENTATION OF A LOW-LITERACY ZONE TOOL FOR HEART FAILURE SELF-MANAGEMENT
Creators: name: Weiss, Daniel J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017

description: Background: Heart failure (HF) affects 6.5 million Americans, with one million hospitalizations, a 21.9% readmission rate, and $30 billion in healthcare costs. Self-care support tools with color-coded zones (green = stable; yellow = caution; red = take action) can help patients recognize and respond to HF symptoms and reduce readmissions and costs. Studies are lacking on zone tools' impact on HF self-care and quality of life (QoL). Purpose: The purpose of this evidence-based practice project was to test the effect of a low-literacy zone tool for HF self-management on self-care and quality of life. Methods: The author led an inter-disciplinary palliative care (PC) team in adapting an existing green-yellow-red zone tool for HF self-management. Participants were randomly assigned to a control group receiving usual care or an intervention group receiving the zone tool plus usual care. HF self-care and HF-related quality of life were measured respectively with the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (SCHFI) and the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12), at baseline and at 30 and 60 days. Results: Due to the limited sample size, the findings of this pilot project were inconclusive regarding the effect of the HF zone tool on the outcomes of interest. Implications for Practice: This EBP pilot project demonstrated the feasibility of developing and implementing a zone tool for HF self-management for patients with advanced HF in a home-based palliative care (PC) program. Further research is needed with larger samples to assess zone tools' effect on self-care and quality of life.
Enhancement of the Nernst effect by stripe order in a high-Tc superconductor
Creators: name: Cyr-Choiniere, Olivier
name: Daou, R.
name: Laliberte, Francis
name: LeBoeuf, David
name: Doiron-Leyraud, Nicolas
name: Chang, J.
name: Yan, J. -Q.
name: Cheng, J. -G.
name: Zhou, J. -S.
name: Goodenough, J. B.
name: Pyon, S.
name: Takayama, T.
name: Takagi, H.
name: Tanaka, Y.
name: Taillefer, Louis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Nernst effect in metals is highly sensitive to two kinds of phase transition: superconductivity and density-wave order. The large positive Nernst signal observed in hole-doped high-Tc superconductors above their transition temperature Tc has so far been attributed to fluctuating superconductivity. Here we show that in some of these materials the large Nernst signal is in fact caused by stripe order, a form of spin / charge modulation which causes a reconstruction of the Fermi surface. In LSCO doped with Nd or Eu, the onset of stripe order causes the Nernst signal to go from small and negative to large and positive, as revealed either by lowering the hole concentration across the quantum critical point in Nd-LSCO, or lowering the temperature across the ordering temperature in Eu-LSCO. In the latter case, two separate peaks are resolved, respectively associated with the onset of stripe order at high temperature and superconductivity near Tc. This sensitivity to Fermi-surface reconstruction makes the Nernst effect a promising probe of broken symmetry in high-Tc superconductors.
Nitrogen and boron doped carbon layer coated multiwall carbon nanotubes as high performance anode materials for lithium ion batteries
Creators: name: Liu, Bo
name: Sun, Xiaolei
name: Liao, Zhongquan
name: Lu, Xueyi
name: Zhang, Lin
name: Hao, Guang-Ping
Publisher: name: [London] : Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Energy storage
subject: Materials for energy and catalysis
subject: Materials science
subject: Nanoscale materials
subject: 530

description: Lithium ion batteries (LIBs) are at present widely used as energy storage and conversion device in our daily life. However, due to the limited power density, the application of LIBs is still restricted in some areas such as commercial vehicles or heavy-duty trucks. An effective strategy to solve this problem is to increase energy density through the development of battery materials. At the same time, a stable long cycling battery is a great demand of environmental protection and industry. Herein we present our new materials, nitrogen and boron doped carbon layer coated multiwall carbon nanotubes (NBC@MWCNTs), which can be used as anodes for LIBs. The electrochemical results demonstrate that the designed NBC@MWCNTs electrode possesses high stable capacity over an ultra-long cycling lifespan (5000 cycles) and superior rate capability even at very high current density (67.5 A g−1). Such impressive lithium storage properties could be ascribed to the synergistic coupling effect of the distinctive structural features, the reduced diffusion length of lithium ions, more active sites generated by doped atoms for lithium storage, as well as the enhancement of the electrode structural integrity. Taken together, these results indicate that the N, B-doped carbon@MWCNTs materials may have great potential for applications in next-generation high performance rechargeable batteries.
On the optical-mechanical analogy in general relativity
Creators: name: Nandi, Kamal K.
name: Islam, Anwarul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the Evans-Rosenquist formulation of the optical mechanical analogy, so successful in the application to classical problems, also describes the motion of massless particles in the Schwarzschild field of general relativity. It is possible to obtain the well known equations for light orbit and radar echo delay which account for two exclusive tests of Einstein's field equations. Some remarks including suggestions for future work are also added.
description: Uploaded on arxiv for the benefit of the researchers
Medium Effects in MIT Bag Model for quark matter: Self consistent thermodynamical treatment
Creators: name: Pal, Suman
name: Chaudhuri, Gargi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of strange quark matter within the framework of the density-dependent MIT Bag model using the Grand Canonical ensemble is thermodynamically inconsistent. In this work, it is shown that if the medium effects are incorporated through a density-dependent Bag pressure in the Grand Canonical ensemble, then the Euler relation is violated. If Euler relation is used then the minimum of energy per baryon does not occur at zero pressure. In order to overcome this inconsistency, we propose the medium effect of the strange quark matter in the form of chemical potential dependent Bag pressure in the grand Canonical ensemble. The density dependent Bag pressure which has been used in Grand Canonical ensemble so far can however be used in Canonical ensemble without violating the laws of thermodynamics. These prescriptions will obey the Euler relation as well as the minimum energy per baryon will coincide with the zero of pressure and hence can be considered to be self consistent. These equations of state in the Grand Canonical ensemble can be further used to construct the Mass-Radius and other structural properties of the strange quark stars as well as hybrid stars. In our present work we have calculated the mass radius diagram of strange stars only using this formalism.
Evidence for Nodal superconductivity in Sr$_{2}$ScFePO$_{3}$
Creators: name: Yates, K. A.
name: Usman, I. T. M.
name: Morrison, K.
name: Moore, J. D.
name: Gilbertson, A. M.
name: Caplin, A. D.
name: Cohen, L. F.
name: Ogino, H.
name: Shimoyama, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Point contact Andreev reflection spectra have been taken as a function of temperature and magnetic field on the polycrystalline form of the newly discovered iron-based superconductor Sr2ScFePO3. A zero bias conductance peak which disappears at the superconducting transition temperature, dominates all of the spectra. Data taken in high magnetic fields show that this feature survives until 7T at 2K and a flattening of the feature is observed in some contacts. Here we inspect whether these observations can be interpreted within a d-wave, or nodal order parameter framework which would be consistent with the recent theoretical model where the height of the P in the Fe-P-Fe plane is key to the symmetry of the superconductivity. However, in polycrystalline samples care must be taken when examining Andreev spectra to eliminate or take into account artefacts associated with the possible effects of Josephson junctions and random alignment of grains.
description: Published version
Reflection of a Lieb-Liniger wave packet from the hard-wall potential
Creators: name: Jukić, D.
name: Buljan, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonequilibrium dynamics of a Lieb-Liniger system in the presence of the hard-wall potential is studied. We demonstrate that a time-dependent wave function, which describes quantum dynamics of a Lieb-Liniger wave packet comprised of N particles, can be found by solving an $N$-dimensional Fourier transform; this follows from the symmetry properties of the many-body eigenstates in the presence of the hard-wall potential. The presented formalism is employed to numerically calculate reflection of a few-body wave packet from the hard wall for various interaction strengths and incident momenta.
description: revised version, improved notation, Fig. 5 added