cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Plant Disease Resistance Inducing Activity of 7-Oxo- and 7-Hydroxysterols
Creators: name: Schabdach, H.
name: Johne, S.
name: Steiner, U.
name: Seifert, K.
Publisher: name: Berlin : De Gruyter
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 7-Oxo and 7-Hydroxysterols
subject: Hordeum vulgare
subject: Induced Resistance
subject: Poaceae
subject: Triticum aestivum
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::570 | Biowissenschaften, Biologie

description: The 7-oxosterols 1–2 and the 7-hydroxysterols 3–6 induce resistance toward the fungal pathogens Puccinia striiformis West, and Puccinia hordei Otth in barley and wheat. Primary leaves of the plants were sprayed with solutions of the compounds (10-4 mol/l in 1% aqu. ethanol) followed, 2 days later, by challenge inoculation with the fungal pathogens. The results indicate that 7a- and 7β-hydroxylated epimers of β-sitosterol and cholesterol show the highest value of induced resistance (39-49% reduction of infection sites). No enhanced resistance toward the fungi Erysiphe graminis DC f. sp. tritici and hordei and Cochliobolus sativus Ito & Kuribayashi was observed. © 1995 Verlag der Zeitschrift für Naturforschung. All rights reserved.
An Interior-Point Lagrangian Decomposition Method for Separable Convex Optimization
Creators: name: Necoara, I.
name: Suykens, J. A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we propose a distributed algorithm for solving large-scale separable convex problems using Lagrangian dual decomposition and the interior-point framework. By adding self-concordant barrier terms to the ordinary Lagrangian, we prove under mild assumptions that the corresponding family of augmented dual functions is self-concordant. This makes it possible to efficiently use the Newton method for tracing the central path. We show that the new algorithm is globally convergent and highly parallelizable and thus it is suitable for solving large-scale separable convex problems.
description: 58 pages
Rubus tomentosus Borkh.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. tomentosus Borkh. l: Les Marecottes (J.); FUSS des Mont d'Ottan (F.); Outre-Rhone (Garns). - 2: Ob Fully bis 1610m (Garns). Var. cinereus (Rchb.) Focke - «Wallis» (nach R. Keller). Var. glabratus Godron - l: Les Marecottes (Coquoz).- 2:Ob Fully (Garns);Varen(Schleicher); ob Leuk (Wilczek). - 3:Martigny (Besson); Mont-Chemin (herb. Lausanne).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Liouville Dynamik : eine Anwendung auf Oszillatoren
Creators: name: Stahl, Daniel
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Liouville equation
subject: oscillators
subject: pumping mechanism
subject: Liouville-Gleichung
subject: Oszillatoren
subject: Pumpmechanismus
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::620 | Ingenieurwissenschaften und Maschinenbau::621 | Angewandte Physik::621,3 | Elektrotechnik, Elektronik

description: [no abstract]
On the determination of the atmospheric outer scale length of turbulence using GPS phase difference observations : The Seewinkel network
Creators: name: Kermarrec, Gael
name: Schön, Steffen
Publisher: name: London : BioMed Central
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: double difference residuals
subject: GPS phase observations
subject: Kolmogorov spectrum
subject: Matérn model
subject: outer scale length of turbulence
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: Microwave electromagnetic signals from the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) are affected by their travel through the atmosphere: the troposphere, a non-dispersive medium, has an especial impact on the measurements. The long-term variations of the tropospheric refractive index delay the signals, whereas its random variations correlate with the phase measurements. The correlation structure of residuals from GNSS relative position estimation provides a unique opportunity to study specific properties of the turbulent atmosphere. Prior to such a study, the residuals have to be filtered from unwanted additional effects, such as multipath. In this contribution, we propose to investigate the property of the atmospheric noise by using a new methodology combining the empirical mode decomposition with the Hilbert–Huang transform. The chirurgical “designalling of the noise” aims to filter both the white noise and low-frequency noise to extract only the noise coming from tropospheric turbulence. Further analysis of the power spectrum of phase difference can be performed, including the study of the cut-off frequencies and the two slopes of the power spectrum of phase differences. The obtained values can be compared with theoretical expectations. In this contribution, we use Global Positioning System (GPS) phase observations from the Seewinkel network, specially designed to study the impact of atmospheric turbulence on GPS phase observations. We show that (i) a two-slope power spectrum can be found in the residuals and (ii) that the outer scale length can be taken to a constant value, close to the physically expected one and in relation with the size of the eddies at tropospheric height.[Figure not available: see fulltext.] © 2020, The Author(s).
CIB1 depletion with docetaxel or TRAIL enhances triple-negative breast cancer cell death
Creators: name: Dardis, Gabrielle J
name: Keller, Alana L
name: Leisner, Tina M
name: Bivins, Marissa M
name: Parise, Leslie V
name: Chung, Alexander H
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2019

description: Abstract
                Background
                Patients diagnosed with triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) have limited treatment options and often suffer from resistance and toxicity due to chemotherapy. We previously found that depleting calcium and integrin-binding protein 1 (CIB1) induces cell death selectively in TNBC cells, while sparing normal cells. Therefore, we asked whether CIB1 depletion further enhances tumor-specific killing when combined with either the commonly used chemotherapeutic, docetaxel, or the cell death-inducing ligand, TRAIL.
                Methods
                We targeted CIB1 by RNA interference in MDA-MB-436, MDA-MB-231, MDA-MB-468, docetaxel-resistant MDA-MB-436 TNBC cells and ME16C normal breast epithelial cells alone or combination with docetaxel or TRAIL. Cell death was quantified via trypan blue exclusion using flow cytometry and cell death mechanisms were analyzed by Western blotting. Cell surface levels of TRAIL receptors were measured by flow cytometry analysis.
                Results
                CIB1 depletion combined with docetaxel significantly enhanced tumor-specific cell death relative to each treatment alone. The enhanced cell death strongly correlated with caspase-8 activation, a hallmark of death receptor-mediated apoptosis. The death receptor TRAIL-R2 was upregulated in response to CIB1 depletion, which sensitized TNBC cells to the ligand TRAIL, resulting in a synergistic increase in cell death. In addition to death receptor-mediated apoptosis, both combination treatments activated a non-apoptotic mechanism, called paraptosis. Interestingly, these combination treatments also induced nearly complete death of docetaxel-resistant MDA-MB-436 cells, again via apoptosis and paraptosis. In contrast, neither combination treatment induced cell death in normal ME16C cells.
                Conclusion
                Novel combinations of CIB1 depletion with docetaxel or TRAIL selectively enhance naive and docetaxel-resistant TNBC cell death while sparing normal cell. Therefore, combination therapies that target CIB1 could prove to be a safe and durable strategy for treatment of TNBC and potentially other cancers.
Does information from ClinicalTrials.gov increase transparency and reduce bias? Results from a five-report case series
Creators: name: Williams, John W
name: Gierisch, Jennifer M
name: Forman-Hoffman, Valerie L
name: Von Isenburg, Megan
name: Viswanathan, Meera
name: Adam, Gaelen P
name: Springs, Stacey
name: Wilson, Lisa M
name: Berliner, Elise
name: Trikalinos, Thomas
name: Robinson, Karen A
name: Kaplan, Robert M
name: Middleton, Jennifer C
name: Eaton, Jennifer L
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract Background We investigated whether information in ClinicalTrials.gov would impact the conclusions of five ongoing systematic reviews. Method We considered five reviews that included 495 studies total. Each review team conducted a search of ClinicalTrials.gov up to the date of the review’s last literature search, screened the records using the review’s eligibility criteria, extracted information, and assessed risk of bias and applicability. Each team then evaluated the impact of the evidence found in ClinicalTrials.gov on the conclusions in the review. Results Across the five reviews, the number of studies that had both a registry record and a publication varied widely, from none in one review to 43% of all studies identified in another. Among the studies with both a record and publication, there was also wide variability in the match between published outcomes and those listed in ClinicalTrials.gov. Of the 173 total ClinicalTrials.gov records identified across the five projects, between 11 and 43% did not have an associated publication. In the 14% of records that contained results, the new data provided in the ClinicalTrials.gov records did not change the results or conclusions of the reviews. Finally, a large number of published studies were not registered in ClinicalTrials.gov, but many of these were published before ClinicalTrials.gov’s inception date of 2000. Conclusion Improved prospective registration of trials and consistent reporting of results in ClinicalTrials.gov would help make ClinicalTrials.gov records more useful in finding unpublished information and identifying potential biases. In addition, consistent indexing in databases, such as MEDLINE, would allow for better matching of records and publications, leading to increased utility of these searches for systematic review projects.
Content Liberation! How Increasing the Carolina Digital Repository Content Turned Into Faculty Outreach Services
Creators: name: Kati, Rebekah
name: Solomon, Jennifer
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: In January 2016, the UNC-Chapel Hill faculty adopted the UNC Open Access (OA) policy, which encourages faculty to deposit their articles into the Carolina Digital Repository (CDR). The UNC Libraries OA Implementation team was then charged with increasing the amount of content in the CDR and raising faculty awareness of the OA Policy and author rights issues. The Institutional Repository Librarian created the Content Liberation project to identify and collect legal versions of paywalled articles covered by the OA Policy. In this presentation, we will discuss the challenges of locating and harvesting content, the outreach strategies we used with faculty from diverse departments, and the assessment of the overall project’s success. We will also share findings from our analysis of the content we collected and recommendations for replicating or scaling up similar projects. In addition, we will share initial outcomes of using 1Science reports to recruit content.
Enhanced atom interferometer readout through the application of phase shear
Creators: name: Sugarbaker, Alex
name: Dickerson, Susannah M.
name: Hogan, Jason M.
name: Johnson, David M. S.
name: Kasevich, Mark A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method for determining the phase and contrast of a single shot of an atom interferometer. The application of a phase shear across the atom ensemble yields a spatially varying fringe pattern at each output port, which can be imaged directly. This method is broadly relevant to atom interferometric precision measurement, as we demonstrate in a 10 m Rb-87 atomic fountain by implementing an atom interferometric gyrocompass with 10 millidegree precision.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Gender specific factors associated with having stopped smoking among in-school adolescents in Ukraine: results from the Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2005
Creators: name: Siziya, Seter
name: Muula, Adamson S
name: Rudatsikira, Emmanuel
name: Hazemba, Alice
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background The prevalence of cigarette smoking in Ukraine is different between genders and is among the highest in the world. There is need to identify gender-specific factors that are associated with having stopped smoking among adolescents. Findings We used data from the Ukraine Global Youth Tobacco Survey 2005. We carried out a backward stepwise logistic regression analysis with having stopped smoking as the outcome. Altogether, 2800 adolescents reported having ever smoked cigarettes. Overall 64.1% (63.4% male, and 65.5% female) adolescents reported having stopped smoking. Male adolescents who stated that smoking decreases body weight were 25% more likely, while female adolescents were 9% less likely to stop smoking. While male adolescents who received support on how to stop smoking from a family member were 7% less likely, female adolescents were 60% more likely to stop smoking. Furthermore, while male adolescents who received a lecture on the harmful effects of smoking were 10% less likely, female adolescents were 9% more likely to stop smoking. Finally both male and female adolescents who were sure or most probably that they would not smoke a cigarette offered to them by their best friends were more likely, and those adolescents who were sure that smoking is harmful to health were less likely to stop smoking. Conclusions Our study has identified some factors that are associated with having quit smoking that are gender-specific. We believe public health programs targeting adolescent smoking should consider these factors in their design and implementation of gender sensitive interventions.
Chemistry of massive young stellar objects with a disk-like structure
Creators: name: Isokoski, Karoliina
name: Bottinelli, Sandrine
name: van Dishoeck, Ewine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to take an inventory of complex molecules in three well-known high-mass protostars for which disks or toroids have been claimed and to study the similarities and differences with a sample of massive YSOs without evidence of such flattened disk-like structures. With a disk-like geometry, UV radiation can escape more readily and potentially affect the ice and gas chemistry on hot-core scales. A partial submillimeter line survey, targeting CH3OH, H2CO, C2H5OH, HCOOCH3, CH3OCH3, CH3CN, HNCO, NH2CHO, C2H5CN, CH2CO, HCOOH, CH3CHO, and CH3CCH, was made toward three massive YSOs with disk-like structures, IRAS20126+4104, IRAS18089-1732, and G31.41+0.31. Rotation temperatures and column densities were determined by the rotation diagram method, as well as by independent spectral modeling. The molecular abundances were compared with previous observations of massive YSOs without evidence of any disk structure, targeting the same molecules with the same settings and using the same analysis method. Consistent with previous studies, different complex organic species have different characteristic rotation temperatures and can be classified either as warm (>100 K) or cold (<100 K). The excitation temperatures and abundance ratios are similar from source to source and no significant difference can be established between the two source types. Acetone, CH3COCH3, is detected for the first time in G31.41+0.31 and IRAS18089-1732. Temperatures and abundances derived from the two analysis methods generally agree within factors of a few. The lack of chemical differentiation between massive YSOs with and without observed disks suggest either that the chemical complexity is already fully established in the ices in the cold prestellar phase or that the material experiences similar physi- cal conditions and UV exposure through outflow cavities during the short embedded lifetime.
A transportable quantum gravimeter employing delta-kick collimated Bose–Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Heine, Nina
name: Matthias, Jonas
name: Sahelgozin, Maral
name: Herr, Waldemar
name: Abend, Sven
name: Timmen, Ludger
name: Müller, Jürgen
name: Rasel, Ernst Maria
Publisher: name: Berlin [u.a.] : Springer
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: gravimetry
subject: hydrology
subject: volcanology
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Abstract: Gravimetry with low uncertainty and long-term stability opens up new fields of research in geodesy, especially in hydrology and volcanology. The main limitations in the accuracy of current generation cold atom gravimeters stem from the expansion rate and the residual centre-of-mass motion of their atomic test masses. Our transportable quantum gravimeter QG-1 aims at overcoming these limitations by performing atom interferometry with delta-kick collimated Bose–Einstein condensates generated by an atom chip. With our approach we anticipate to measure the local gravitational acceleration at geodetic campaigns with an uncertainty less than 1 nm/s2 surpassing the state-of-the-art classic and quantum based systems. In this paper, we discuss the design and performance assessment of QG-1.
The 12C + 12C reaction and the impact on nucleosynthesis in massive stars
Creators: name: Pignatari, M.
name: Hirschi, R.
name: Wiescher, M.
name: Gallino, R.
name: Bennett, M.
name: Beard, M.
name: Fryer, C.
name: Herwig, F.
name: Rockefeller, G.
name: Timmes, F. X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite much effort in the past decades, the C-burning reaction rate is uncertain by several orders of magnitude, and the relative strength between the different channels 12C(12C,alpha)20Ne, 12C(12C,p)23Na and 12C(12C,n)23Mg is poorly determined. Additionally, in C-burning conditions a high 12C+12C rate may lead to lower central C-burning temperatures and to 13C(alpha,n)16O emerging as a more dominant neutron source than 22Ne(alpha,n)25Mg, increasing significantly the s-process production. This is due to the rapid decrease of the 13N(gamma,p)12C with decreasing temperature, causing the 13C production via 13N(beta+)13C. Presented here is the impact of the 12C+12C reaction uncertainties on the s-process and on explosive p-process nucleosynthesis in massive stars, including also fast rotating massive stars at low metallicity. Using various 12C+12C rates, in particular an upper and lower rate limit of ~ 50000 higher and ~ 20 lower than the standard rate at 5*10^8 K, five 25 Msun stellar models are calculated. The enhanced s-process signature due to 13C(alpha,n)16O activation is considered, taking into account the impact of the uncertainty of all three C-burning reaction branches. Consequently, we show that the p-process abundances have an average production factor increased up to about a factor of 8 compared to the standard case, efficiently producing the elusive Mo and Ru proton-rich isotopes. We also show that an s-process being driven by 13C(alpha,n)16O is a secondary process, even though the abundance of 13C does not depend on the initial metal content. Finally, implications for the Sr-peak elements inventory in the Solar System and at low metallicity are discussed.
Amplified HIV Transmission: The Missing Link in the HIV Pandemic?
Creators: name: Eron, JJ
name: Cohen, Myron
name: Pilcher, C
name: Leone, PA
name: Swanstrom, Ronald
name: Fiscus, Susan
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2005

description: It is increasingly clear that HIV transmission risk is very
heterogeneous, and 43% of HIV transmission events have
been ascribed to people with very early or acute HIV infection
(Wawer, JID, 2005). To detect asymptomatic subjects
with acute HIV infection (before seroconversion) we
developed a cross sectional detection strategy. We tested
109,000 samples over 9 months at public testing sites in
North Carolina. We found 606 people with undiagnosed
HIV infection, including 23 with acute HIV infection (HIV
antibody negative, serum RNA positive); the majority of
subjects were screened in STD clinics. The median blood
HIV concentration was 209,000 copies/ml, more than 10
times higher than in subjects with established HIV infection.
We conducted two similar studies in our STD Clinic
in Lilongwe, Malawi. Between 1 and 2% of subjects had
acute HIV infection and the median blood viral load was
greater than 106 copies/ml. We also found very high concentrations
of HIV in the genital tract secretions of these
subjects, and in patients with untreated STDs. Viral diversification
was observed in serial samples from subjects
with acute HIV infection after 11 weeks. The viral load in
genital tract decreased more rapidly and to a greater extent
than in blood. These results suggest that successful HIV
prevention will require increased focus on the most infectious
subjects, and development of novel behavioral and
biological intervention strategies. Study of HIV transmission
pairs should facilitate for vaccine development.
Effects of Nuclear Vibrations on the Energetics of Polythiophene: Quantized Energy Molecular Dynamics
Creators: name: Manzhos, Sergei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effects of nuclear dynamics on the energetics of polythiophene relevant for the performance of organic solar cells are studied for the first time. Nuclear motions change the expectation values of frontier orbital energies and the band gap by about 0.1 eV vs. values at the equilibrium geometry, which is expected to have a significant effect on light absorption, charge separation, and donor regeneration. A new molecular dynamics (MD) algorithm, which accounts for the quantum nature of vibrations, is introduced. It reproduces effects of temperature and deuteration which are lost in the standard MD. Inclusion of quantized vibrations leads to a broadening of the band gap and of energy levels by about 20% at 300K, while having little effect on their expectation values (which change by up to 0.03 eV). Increase in temperature from 300K to 400K and deuteration cause an additional broadening of the spectrum by about 26% and 21%, respectively.
description: 15 pages, 8 fgures
The bar rotation rate as a diagnostic of dark matter content in the centre of disc galaxies
Creators: name: Buttitta, C.
name: Corsini, E. M.
name: Aguerri, J. A. L.
name: Coccato, L.
name: Costantin, L.
name: Cuomo, V.
name: Debattista, V. P.
name: Morelli, L.
name: Pizzella, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the link between the bar rotation rate and dark matter content in barred galaxies by concentrating on the cases of the lenticular galaxies NGC4264 and NGC4277. These two gas-poor galaxies have similar morphologies, sizes, and luminosities. But, NGC4264 hosts a fast bar, which extends to nearly the corotation, while the bar embedded in NGC4277 is slow and falls short of corotation. We derive the fraction of dark matter $f_{\rm DM, bar}$ within the bar region from Jeans axisymmetric dynamical models by matching the stellar kinematics obtained with the MUSE integral-field spectrograph and using SDSS images to recover the stellar mass distribution. We build mass-follows-light models as well as mass models with a spherical halo of dark matter, which is not tied to the stars. We find that the inner regions of NGC4277 host a larger fraction of dark matter ($f_{\rm DM, bar} = 0.53 \pm 0.02$) with respect to NGC4264 ($f_{\rm DM, bar} = 0.33 \pm 0.04$) in agreement with the predictions of theoretical works and the findings of numerical simulations, which have found that fast bars live in baryon-dominated discs, whereas slow bars experienced a strong drag from the dynamical friction due to a dense DM halo. This is the first time that the bar rotation rate is coupled to $f_{\rm DM, bar}$ derived from dynamical modelling.
description: Accepted for publication on MNRAS, 12 pages
GIMO : A multi-objective anytime rule mining system to ease iterative feedback from domain experts
Creators: name: Baum, Tobias
name: Herbold, Steffen
name: Schneider, Kurt
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: explainable artificial intelligence
subject: human-in-the-loop
subject: interpretable artificial intelligence
subject: multi-objective
subject: rule mining
subject: set cover
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::000 | Allgemeines, Wissenschaft::000 | Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 | Informatik

description: Data extracted from software repositories is used intensively in Software Engineering research, for example, to predict defects in source code. In our research in this area, with data from open source projects as well as an industrial partner, we noticed several shortcomings of conventional data mining approaches for classification problems: (1) Domain experts’ acceptance is of critical importance, and domain experts can provide valuable input, but it is hard to use this feedback. (2) Evaluating the quality of the model is not a matter of calculating AUC or accuracy. Instead, there are multiple objectives of varying importance with hard to quantify trade-offs. Furthermore, the performance of the model cannot be evaluated on a per-instance level in our case, because it shares aspects with the set cover problem. To overcome these problems, we take a holistic approach and develop a rule mining system that simplifies iterative feedback from domain experts and can incorporate the domain-specific evaluation needs. A central part of the system is a novel multi-objective anytime rule mining algorithm. The algorithm is based on the GRASP-PR meta-heuristic but extends it with ideas from several other approaches. We successfully applied the system in the industrial context. In the current article, we focus on the description of the algorithm and the concepts of the system. We make an implementation of the system available. © 2020 The Authors
Wear curve based online feature assessment for tool condition monitoring
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Bergmann, Benjamin
name: Stiehl, Tobias H.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Feature selection
subject: Online
subject: Tool condition monitoring
subject: Condition monitoring
subject: Intelligent computing
subject: Manufacture
subject: Process monitoring
subject: Wear of materials
subject: Drilling process
subject: Faulty process
subject: Process information
subject: Process monitoring system
subject: Random disturbances
subject: Sensitive features
subject: Wear curves
subject: Feature extraction
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: The performance of a process monitoring system is determined by the information available to it. Existing methods for selecting relevant process information (features) work offline with data of faulty processes that is often unavailable or neglect random disturbances. This increases the risk of choosing non-sensitive features. Hence, this paper investigates whether a non-sensitive feature is detectable online in an initial selection of features presumed to be sensitive. A method for quantifying and assessing trends in features online is described. In the validation with turning and drilling processes, a single non-sensitive feature was detected successfully in seven out of eight test cases. © 2020 The Authors.
Intrinsic degradation mechanism of nearly lattice-matched InAlN layers grown on GaN substrates
Creators: name: Perillat-Merceroz, Guillaume
name: Cosendey, Gatien
name: Carlin, Jean-François
name: Butté, Raphaël
name: Grandjean, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thanks to its high refractive index contrast, band gap and polarization mismatch compared to GaN, In0.17Al0.83N layers lattice-matched to GaN are an attractive solution for applications such as distributed Bragg reflectors, ultraviolet light-emitting diodes, or high electron mobility transistors. In order to study the structural degradation mechanism of InAlN layers with increasing thickness, we performed metalorganic vapor phase epitaxy of InAlN layers of thicknesses ranging from 2 to 500 nm, on free-standing (0001) GaN substrates with a low density of threading dislocations, for In compositions of 13.5% (layers under tensile strain), and 19.7% (layers under compressive strain). In both cases, a surface morphology with hillocks is initially observed, followed by the appearance of V-defects. We propose that those hillocks arise due to kinetic roughening, and that V-defects subsequently appear beyond a critical hillock size. It is seen that the critical thickness for the appearance of V-defects increases together with the surface diffusion length either by increasing the temperature or the In flux because of a surfactant effect. In thick InAlN layers, a better (worse) In incorporation occurring on the concave (convex) shape surfaces of the V-defects is observed leading to a top phase-separated InAlN layer lying on the initial homogeneous InAlN layer after V-defects coalescence. It is suggested that similar mechanisms could be responsible for the degradation of thick InGaN layers.
Pulsed laser micro ablation of polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
Creators: name: Denkena, Berend
name: Krödel, Alexander
name: Heckemeyer, Arnd
name: Murrenhoff, Marita
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cutting edge geometry
subject: Hard turning
subject: PcBN
subject: Pulsed laser ablation
subject: Tool wear
subject: Ablation
subject: Cubic boron nitride
subject: Cutting tools
subject: III-V semiconductors
subject: Laser ablation
subject: Functional performance
subject: Laser micro ablation
subject: PCBN cutting tools
subject: Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride
subject: Surface alteration
subject: Thermal response
subject: Thermally induced
subject: Tool performance
subject: Pulsed lasers
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Polycrystalline cubic boron nitride (PcBN) is the second hardest material after diamond. Because of its unique properties, PcBN is extensively used as a cutting tool material for the machining of hardened steels. Pulsed laser ablation (PLA) offers the possibility to generate tailored microgeometries on PcBN tools and can thereby increase tool performance. However, the thermal response of PcBN materials to the laser ablation and the laser effeciency in laser machining is not known in dependency of certain PcBN grade characteristics. In this paper the influence of different laser sources in the short and ultrashort pulse duration regime is investigated for a wide number of PcBN grades. Thermally induced surface alterations are examined in detail and connected with the functional performance of the material. It could be shown that a careful parameter definition is crucial for enhancing the performance of laser prepared PcBN cutting tools. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
title: AN EXPLORATION OF THE GRAPHIC NOVEL, THE FEMALE BODY AND TRAUMATIC MEMORY
Creators: name: An, Siyi
Publisher: name: Emily Carr University of Art and Design
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Comic books, strips, etc.
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85028863
subject: Graphic novels
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh94008233
subject: Autobiographical fiction
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85048066

description: This paper discusses my research and artistic practice during the MFA program. My research is focused on how semi-autobiographical narratives in the form of graphic novels facilitate self-exploration and trauma representation. Through my art projects Tentacles and A Bouquet for You, I explore and reconnect with my female body and my Chinese culture. Together with graphic and narrative experiments conducted in comic form, I reexamine the relationship between myself as the author, my body, and my memories.
A new assay for measuring chromosome instability (CIN) and identification of drugs that elevate CIN in cancer cells
Creators: name: Kononenko, Artem V.
name: Masumoto, Hiroshi
name: Grimes, Brenda R.
name: Lee, Nicholas C.O.
name: Earnshaw, William C.
name: Lee, Hee-Sheung
name: Bansal, Ruchi
name: Samoshkin, Alexander
name: Kouprina, Natalay
name: Larionov, Vladimir
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2013

description: Abstract Background Aneuploidy is a feature of most cancer cells that is often accompanied by an elevated rate of chromosome mis-segregation termed chromosome instability (CIN). While CIN can act as a driver of cancer genome evolution and tumor progression, recent findings point to the existence of a threshold level beyond which CIN becomes a barrier to tumor growth and therefore can be exploited therapeutically. Drugs known to increase CIN beyond the therapeutic threshold are currently few in number, and the clinical promise of targeting the CIN phenotype warrants new screening efforts. However, none of the existing methods, including the in vitro micronuclei (MNi) assay, developed to quantify CIN, is entirely satisfactory. Methods We have developed a new assay for measuring CIN. This quantitative assay for chromosome mis-segregation is based on the use of a non-essential human artificial chromosome (HAC) carrying a constitutively expressed EGFP transgene. Thus, cells that inherit the HAC display green fluorescence, while cells lacking the HAC do not. This allows the measurement of HAC loss rate by routine flow cytometry. Results Using the HAC-based chromosome loss assay, we have analyzed several well-known anti-mitotic, spindle-targeting compounds, all of which have been reported to induce micronuclei formation and chromosome loss. For each drug, the rate of HAC loss was accurately measured by flow cytometry as a proportion of non-fluorescent cells in the cell population which was verified by FISH analysis. Based on our estimates, despite their similar cytotoxicity, the analyzed drugs affect the rates of HAC mis-segregation during mitotic divisions differently. The highest rate of HAC mis-segregation was observed for the microtubule-stabilizing drugs, taxol and peloruside A. Conclusion Thus, this new and simple assay allows for a quick and efficient screen of hundreds of drugs to identify those affecting chromosome mis-segregation. It also allows ranking of compounds with the same or similar mechanism of action based on their effect on the rate of chromosome loss. The identification of new compounds that increase chromosome mis-segregation rates should expedite the development of new therapeutic strategies to target the CIN phenotype in cancer cells.
Deep Learning-Based Weld Contour and Defect Detection from Micrographs of Laser Beam Welded Semi-Finished Products
Creators: name: Nowroth, Christian
name: Gu, Tiansheng
name: Grajczak, Jan
name: Nothdurft, Sarah
name: Twiefel, Jens
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Wallaschek, Jörg
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: automatic detection
subject: dataset creation
subject: deep learning
subject: quantization
subject: semantic segmentation
subject: weld defects
subject: weld seam
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Laser beam welding is used in many areas of industry and research. There are many strategies and approaches to further improve the weld seam properties in laser beam welding. Metallography is often needed to evaluate welded seams. Typically, the images are examined and evaluated by experts. The evaluation process qualitatively provides the properties of the welds. Particularly in times when artificial intelligence is being used more and more in processes, the quantization of properties that could previously only be determined qualitatively is gaining importance. In this contribution, we propose to use deep learning to perform semantic segmentation of micrographs of complex weld areas to achieve the automatic detection and quantization of weld seam properties. A semantic segmentation dataset is created containing 282 labeled images. The training process is performed with DeepLabv3+. The trained model achieves a value of around 95% for weld contour detection and 76.88% of mean intersection over union (mIoU). © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
Association between skilled maternal healthcare and postpartum contraceptive use in Ethiopia
Creators: name: Tumlinson, Katherine
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                The postpartum period provides an important opportunity to address unmet need for contraception and reduce short birth intervals. This study aims to assess the association between skilled maternal healthcare and postpartum contraceptive use in Ethiopia.
                Methods
                Data for this analysis come from the 2011 to 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys (EDHS) and include nearly 5000 married women of reproductive age with a recent birth. Multivariate logistic regression was conducted to investigate the relationship between skilled maternal healthcare and postpartum contraceptive use.
                Results
                Between rounds of the 2011 and 2016 EDHS, the postpartum contraceptive prevalence increased from 15 to 23% and delivery in public facilities, use of skilled birth assistance, and skilled antenatal care also grew. In both survey rounds, educated women had approximately twice the odds of postpartum contraceptive use, compared with non-educated women, while an initially significant relationship between wealth and postpartum contraceptive use diminished in significance by 2016. Women with a desire to limit future pregnancy had five to six times the odds of postpartum contraceptive use in both survey rounds, and women in 2016 – unlike those in 2011 – with a desire to delay pregnancy were significantly more likely to use contraception (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 4.38, 95% CI: 1.46-13.18) compared to women who wanted another child soon. In 2011, no statistically significant associations were found between any maternal healthcare and postpartum contraceptive use. In contrast, in 2016, postpartum contraceptive use was significantly associated with an institutional delivery (AOR = 1.71, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.12-2.62) and skilled antenatal care (AOR = 2.41, 95% CI: 1.41-4.10). No significant relationship was observed in either survey round between postpartum contraceptive use and skilled delivery or postnatal care.
                Conclusions
                A comparison of postpartum women in the 2011 and 2016 EDHS reveals increased use of both contraception and skilled maternal healthcare services and improved likelihood of contraceptive use among women with an institutional delivery or antenatal care, perhaps as a result of increased attention to postpartum family planning integration. Additionally, results suggest postpartum women are now using contraception to space future pregnancies, with the potential to help women achieve more optimal birth intervals.
Design of Particle Dampers for Laser Powder Bed Fusion
Creators: name: Ehlers, Tobias
name: Lachmayer, Roland
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing (AM)
subject: Design for additive manufacturing (DfAM)
subject: Effect‐engineering
subject: Functional integration
subject: Here, beams with a cavity of 0% (fully‐fused
subject: In relation to the beam mass is in the beam
subject: Laser powder bed fusion (LPBF)
subject: Particle damping
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Additively manufactured particle dampers can significantly improve component damping. However, if designed incorrectly, the damping can be worsened. For the design of additively manufactured particle dampers, there are not yet sufficient design rules and models to describe the effect due to numerous design parameters. The research question answered in this paper describes how the effect of particle damping can be characterised as a function of excitation force and excitation frequency for different cavity sizes. To characterise the effect of particle damping, a 33 full factorial test plan is constructed, and the damping is determined experimentally. It is shown that the damping can be reliably evaluated with the circle‐fit method. The effect of particle damping is investigated for beams made of AlSi10Mg, 1.2709 and Ti6Al4V. As a result, a positive effect of the particle damping in a frequency range from 500 to 30,000 Hz and partly up to the 9th bending mode can be proven. It is shown that, for the first bending mode, there is an optimum at approx. 2000 Hz. For the optimum, the increase of the damping for the tool steel 1.2709 to 28 and for the aluminium alloy AlSi10Mg to 18 can be proven. © 2022 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
title: Diegetic Artifacts: Exploring the relationship between speculative fiction and its objects
Creators: name: Padmanabhan, Shankar
Publisher: name: Emily Carr University of Art and Design
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Speculative fiction
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh2010015283
subject: Phenomenology
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85100683
subject: Design
valueUri: https://id.loc.gov/authorities/subjects/sh85037197

description: Discursive practice enables the critical examination of future potentials highlighting explicit and implicit scenarios reflecting history(ies) and social and cultural constructs. Within this discourse, the functionality of an object and its material agency in relationship to the environment and technology, elicits a meaningful exploration of the lived experience. This thesis draws upon these components and presents a contextual approach and methodology that considers the way in which diegetic artifacts and their relevance can be considered.
A novel approach to investigate tissue-specific trinucleotide repeat instability
Creators: name: Walker, John R
name: Wheeler, Vanessa C
name: Gusella, James F
name: MacDonald, Marcy E
name: Lee, Jong-Min
name: Kang, Kihwa
name: Su, Andrew I
name: Gillis, Tammy
name: Dragileva, Ella
name: Boily, Marie-Josee
name: Zhang, Jie
name: Kohane, Isaac
name: Wiltshire, Tim
name: Cyr, Michel
name: Lopez, Edith T
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2010

description: Abstract Background In Huntington's disease (HD), an expanded CAG repeat produces characteristic striatal neurodegeneration. Interestingly, the HD CAG repeat, whose length determines age at onset, undergoes tissue-specific somatic instability, predominant in the striatum, suggesting that tissue-specific CAG length changes could modify the disease process. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms underlying the tissue specificity of somatic instability may provide novel routes to therapies. However progress in this area has been hampered by the lack of sensitive high-throughput instability quantification methods and global approaches to identify the underlying factors. Results Here we describe a novel approach to gain insight into the factors responsible for the tissue specificity of somatic instability. Using accurate genetic knock-in mouse models of HD, we developed a reliable, high-throughput method to quantify tissue HD CAG repeat instability and integrated this with genome-wide bioinformatic approaches. Using tissue instability quantified in 16 tissues as a phenotype and tissue microarray gene expression as a predictor, we built a mathematical model and identified a gene expression signature that accurately predicted tissue instability. Using the predictive ability of this signature we found that somatic instability was not a consequence of pathogenesis. In support of this, genetic crosses with models of accelerated neuropathology failed to induce somatic instability. In addition, we searched for genes and pathways that correlated with tissue instability. We found that expression levels of DNA repair genes did not explain the tissue specificity of somatic instability. Instead, our data implicate other pathways, particularly cell cycle, metabolism and neurotransmitter pathways, acting in combination to generate tissue-specific patterns of instability. Conclusion Our study clearly demonstrates that multiple tissue factors reflect the level of somatic instability in different tissues. In addition, our quantitative, genome-wide approach is readily applicable to high-throughput assays and opens the door to widespread applications with the potential to accelerate the discovery of drugs that alter tissue instability.
Laser powder bed fusion of WE43 in hydrogen-argon-gas atmosphere
Creators: name: Abel, Arvid
name: Wessarges, Yvonne
name: Julmi, Stefan
name: Hoff, Christian
name: Hermsdorf, Jörg
name: Klose, Christian
name: Maier, Hans Jürgen
name: Kaierle, Stefan
name: Overmeyer, Ludger
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Additive manufacturing
subject: Hydrogen
subject: Laser powder bed fusion
subject: Magnesium
subject: Magnesium alloys
subject: Biocompatibility
subject: Inert gases
subject: Turing machines
subject: Argon gas atmospheres
subject: Evaporation temperature
subject: High melting point
subject: Hydrogen addition
subject: Lightweight application
subject: Relative density
subject: Reproducibilities
subject: Standard deviation
subject: Argon lasers
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::670 | Industrielle und handwerkliche Fertigung

description: Growing demand for individual and especially complex parts with emphasis on biomedical or lightweight applications enhances the importance of laser powder bed fusion. Magnesium alloys offer both biocompatibility and low density, but feature a very high melting point of oxide layers while the evaporation temperature of pure magnesium is much lower. This impedes adequate part quality and process reproducibility. To weaken this oxide layer and enhance processability, a 2 %-hydrogen-argon-gas atmosphere was investigated. A machine system was modified to the use of the novel inert gas to determine the influence of gas atmosphere on hollow cuboids and solid cubes. While processing a 20.3 % decrease in structure width and 20.6 % reduction in standard deviation of the cuboids was determined. There was no significate influence on relative density of solid cubes although eight of the ten highest density specimen were fabricated with the hydrogen addition. © 2020 The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V.
Rubus vestitus Weihe et Nees
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: R. vestitus Weihe et Nees l: La Bâtiaz bei Martigny (F.); Ravoire (J.).- 2:Fully-Saillon (Garns).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556