cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Multisite Qualitative Study of Primary Care Physicians’ and Midlevel Providers’ Self-Reported Practices and Perceptions About Maintaining Cognitive Health
Creators: name: Bryant, Lucinda L.
name: Hunter, Rebecca
name: McCrystle, Sindy
name: Friedman, Daniela B.
name: Hochhalter, Angela K.
name: Price, Anna E.
name: Sharkey, Joseph
name: Caprio, Anthony J.
name: Reddy, Swarna
name: Liu, Rui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: IntroductionTo facilitate national efforts to maintain cognitive health through public health practice, the Healthy Brain Initiative recommended examining diverse groups to identify stakeholder perspectives on cognitive health. In response, the Healthy Aging Research Network (HAN), funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), coordinated projects to document the perspectives of older adults, caregivers of people with dementia, and primary care providers (PCPs) on maintaining cognitive health. Our objective was to describe PCPs’ perceptions and practices regarding cognitive health.MethodsHAN researchers conducted 10 focus groups and 3 interviews with physicians (N = 28) and advanced practice providers (N = 21) in Colorado, Texas, and North Carolina from June 2007 to November 2008. Data were transcribed and coded axially.ResultsPCPs reported addressing cognitive health with patients only indirectly in the context of physical health or in response to observed functional changes and patient or family requests. Some providers felt evidence on the efficacy of preventive strategies for cognitive health was insufficient, but many reported suggesting activities such as games and social interaction when queried by patients. PCPs identified barriers to talking with patients about cognitive health such as lack of time and patient reactions to recommendations.ConclusionCommunicating new evidence on cognitive health and engaging older adults in making lasting lifestyle changes recommended by PCPs and others may be practical ways in which public health practitioners can partner with PCPs to address cognitive health in health care settings.
Skills and human capital for the low-carbon transition in developing and emerging economies
Creators: name: Vona, Francesco
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: skills
subject: tasks
subject: green economy
subject: developing and emerging economies
subject: structural change
subject: green technological change
subject: labour market institutions

description: Developing and emerging economies face enormous challenges to reconcile economic development and job creation with decarbonization. An essential aspect of such “early-stage” decoupling of growth and carbon emissions is to develop a skill base that favours the diffusion of green productions and technologies. This paper sheds light on the role of the adjustments in the skill supply and of labour market institutions to pursue such early stage decoupling in developing and emerging economies. The paper begins by defining green growth strategies and the associated green skill requirement. To overcome measurement issues and data limitations, it then assesses the advantages and disadvantages of the task-based approach to green labour markets, emphasizing critical issues for developing countries as well as the opportunities to collect original data. Finally, it derives some policy recommendations to solve the coordination failure between investments in skills, particularly technical skills, and green technology adoption.
Koloniale Entwicklungskonzepte im Uganda der 1930er Jahre: Frühe Anzeichen des modernen Entwicklungsstaats
Creators: name: Schlauß, David
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2014

description: Während der zweiten Hälfte der 1930er Jahre schufen Kolonialbeamte in Uganda wichtige Vorarbeiten und Konzepte, auf denen die koloniale Entwicklungsplanung der 1940er und 50er Jahre aufbauten. Koloniale Entwicklungsbestrebungen erforderten detailliert ausformulierte Entwicklungspläne, die nicht nur Maßnahmen entwarfen sondern auch die ideelle Grundlage für das Handeln der Verwaltungsbeamten darstellten. Der folgende Beitrag beschreibt eingangs die Hauptthemen der Pläne, wobei die Steigerung der landwirtschaftlichen Produktion deutlich im Vordergrund steht, und blendet dann zurück auf die beginnende Reform britischer Kolonialpolitik in den 1930er Jahren. Diskutiert wurde in diesem Zusammenhang häufig das Verhältnis von wirtschaftlicher und sozialer Entwicklung. In den Dokumenten wird auch, angestoßen von der beobachteten Bodenerosion, die Frage nachhaltiger Entwicklung zugleich mit dem Gegenstand der Ausweitung der Produktion behandelt. Mit Steuerungsmaßnahmen soll in die Lebens- und Arbeitsweisen der lokalen Bevölkerung eingegriffen werden, um diese für „Entwicklung“ verwertbar zu machen. Zur Illustration von Diskurs und Planung wird ein Pilotprojekt ausführlich dargestellt. Die Vorstellungen der Planer und erste Maßnahmen lassen bereits deutliche Anzeichen des spät- und post-kolonialen Entwicklungsstaates erkennen.
Indications of Water Clouds in the Coldest Known Brown Dwarf
Creators: name: Faherty, Jacqueline K.
name: Tinney, C. G.
name: Skemer, Andrew
name: Monson, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a deep near-infrared image of the newly discovered brown dwarf WISE J085510.83-071442.5 (W0855) using the FourStar imager at Las Campanas Observatory. Our detection of J3=24.8+0.33 -0.53 (J_MKO=25.0+0.33-0.53) at 2.6sigma -- or equivalently an upper limit of J3 > 23.8 (J_MKO > 24.0) at 5sigma makes W0855 the reddest brown dwarf ever categorized (J_MKO - W2 = 10.984+0.33 - 0.53 at 2.6sigma -- or equivalently an upper limit of J_MKO - W2 > 9.984 at 5sigma) and refines its position on color magnitude diagrams. Comparing the new photometry with chemical equilibrium model atmosphere predictions, we demonstrate that W0855 is 4.5sigma from models using a cloudless atmosphere and well reproduced by partly cloudy models (50%) containing sulfide and water ice clouds. Non-equilibrium chemistry or non-solar metallicity may change predictions, however using currently available model approaches, this is the first candidate outside our own solar system to have direct evidence for water clouds.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. Eight pages, 3 Figures
Long-term prognosis after a first myocardial infarction: eight years follow up of the case-control study PAROKRANK
Creators: name: Ferrannini, Giulia
name: Almosawi, Mariam
name: Buhlin, Kåre
name: De Faire, Ulf
name: Kjellström, Barbro
name: Klinge, Björn
name: Nygren, Åke
name: Näsman, Per
name: Svenungsson, Elisabet
name: Rydén, Lars
name: Norhammar, Anna
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Objective. To explore long-term cardiovascular outcomes and mortality in patients after a first myocardial infarction (MI) compared with matched controls in a contemporary setting. Methods. During 2010–2014 the Swedish study PAROKRANK recruited 805 patients <75 years with a first MI and 805 age-, gender-, and area-matched controls. All study participants were followed until 31 December 2018, through linkage with the National Patient Registry and the Cause of Death Registry. The primary endpoint was the first of a composite of all-cause death, non-fatal MI, non-fatal stroke, and heart failure hospitalization. Event rates in cases and controls were calculated using a Cox regression model, subsequently adjusted for baseline smoking, education level, and marital status. Kaplan–Meier curves were computed and compared by log-rank test. Results. A total of 804 patients and 800 controls (mean age 62 years; women 19%) were followed for a mean of 6.2 (0.2–8.5) years. The total number of primary events was 211. Patients had a higher event rate than controls (log-rank test p < .0001). Adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for the primary outcome was 2.04 (95% CI 1.52–2.73). Mortality did not differ between patients (n = 38; 4.7%) and controls (n = 35; 4.4%). A total of 82.5% patients and 91.3% controls were event-free during the follow up. Conclusions. In this long-term follow up of a contemporary, case-control study, the risk for cardiovascular events was higher in patients with a previous first MI compared with their matched controls, while mortality did not differ. The access to high quality of care and cardiac rehabilitation might partly explain the low rates of adverse outcomes.
Additional file 1 of metaMIC: reference-free misassembly identification and correction of de novo metagenomic assemblies
Creators: name: Lai, Senying
name: Pan, Shaojun
name: Sun, Chuqing
name: Coelho, Luis Pedro
name: Chen, Wei-Hua
name: Zhao, Xing-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1-S29.
Participant Evaluation of a Telephone-Based Osteoarthritis Self-Management Program, 2006-2009
Creators: name: Oddone, EZ
name: Sperber, NR
name: Bosworth, HB
name: Lindquist, JH
name: Coffman, CJ
name: Juntilla, KA
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: IntroductionSelf-management support interventions can help improve osteoarthritis outcomes but are underused. Little is known about how participants evaluate the helpfulness of these programs. We describe participants' evaluations of a telephone-based, osteoarthritis self-management support intervention that yielded improved outcomes in a clinical trial.MethodsParticipants were 140 people in the intervention arm of the trial who completed an end-of-trial survey. We used mixed methods to describe participants' perceived helpfulness of the program and its components. We compared ratings of helpfulness according to participant characteristics and analyzed themes from open-ended responses with a constant comparison approach. We calculated Pearson correlation coefficients between perceived helpfulness and changes in pain, function, affect, and self-efficacy.ResultsThe average rating of overall helpfulness on a scale from 1 to 10 was 7.6 (standard deviation, 2.3), and more than 80% of participants agreed that each component (phone calls, educational material, setting goals and action plans) was helpful. Participants had better perceived helpfulness ratings than their counterparts if they were nonwhite, had limited health literacy, had no college education, had perceived inadequate income, were older, had a spouse or were living together in a committed relationship, and had greater symptom duration and less pain. Ratings of helpfulness increased with greater improvement in outcomes. Participants frequently mentioned the health educator's calls as being helpful for staying on task with self-management behaviors.ConclusionParticipants viewed this intervention and each of its components as helpful for improving osteoarthritis symptoms. In addition to the improvements in objective outcomes seen in the clinical trial, these results provide further support for the dissemination of self-management support interventions.
Mission, Kolonialismus, Kultur und Entwicklung. Die Reise von Missionsinspektor Spiecker durch Deutsch-Südwestafrika (1905-1907).
Creators: name: Melber, Henning
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2014

description: Ein Rezensionsartikel: Johannes Spiecker, Mein Tagebuch: Erfahrungen eines deutschen Missionars in Deutsch-Südwestafrika 1905-1907. Herausgegeben von Lisa Kopelmann und Martin Siefkes. Berlin: Simon Verlag für Bibliothekswissen 2013, 526 S. ISBN: 394086241X. und Martin Siefkes, Sprache, Glaube und Macht. Die Aufzeichnungen des Johannes Spiecker in Deutsch-Südwestafrika zur Zeit des Herero-Nama- Aufstands. Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann 2013, 202 S. ISBN: 9783826051975.
Urinary orosomucoid is associated with diastolic dysfunction and carotid arteriopathy in the general population. Cross-sectional data from the Tromsø study
Creators: name: Andreassen, Runa M.
name: Kronborg, Jens B.
name: Schirmer, Henrik
name: Mathiesen, Ellisiv B.
name: Melsom, Toralf
name: Eriksen, Bjørn O.
name: Jenssen, Trond G.
name: Solbu, Marit D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Objectives. Urinary albumin excretion is a risk marker for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Studies suggest that urinary orosomucoid may be a more sensitive marker of general endothelial dysfunction than albuminuria. The aim of this population-based cross-sectional study was to examine the associations between urinary orosomucoid to creatinine ratio (UOCR), urinary albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) and subclinical CVD. Design. From the Tromsø Study (2007/2008), we included all men and women who had measurements of urinary orosomucoid (n = 7181). Among these, 6963 were examined with ultrasound of the right carotid artery and 2245 with echocardiography. We assessed the associations between urinary markers and subclinical CVD measured as intima media thickness of the carotid artery, presence and area of carotid plaque and diastolic dysfunction (DD). UOCR and UACR were dichotomized as upper quartile versus the three lowest. Results. High UOCR, adjusted for UACR, age, cardiovascular risk factors and kidney function, was associated with presence of DD in men (OR: 3.18, 95% CI [1.27, 7.95], p = .013), and presence of plaque (OR: 1.20, 95% CI [1.01, 1.44], p = .038) and intima media thickness in women (OR: 1.34, 95% CI [1.09, 1.65], p = .005). Analyses showed no significant interaction between sex and UOCR for any endpoints. UACR was not significantly associated with DD, but the associations with intima media thickness and plaque were of magnitudes comparable to those observed for UOCR. Conclusions. UOCR was positively associated with subclinical CVD. We need prospective studies to confirm whether UOCR is a clinically useful biomarker and to study possible sex differences.
title: Navel-gazing or Re-enactment of History
title: The Loops of Postmodern Narration and the Power of the Written Word in Zoë Wicomb's 'You can't get lost in Cape Town'
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Fuchs-Eisner, Laura
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2014

description: Zoë Wicomb’s collection of linked short stories was published in 1987, three years before the official end of apartheid in South Africa. It has often been superficially interpreted as a negotiation of female identity; even though to the careful reader it reveals itself as a highly complex reflection on the power of (written) discourse on the formation of subjectivity and the perception of history. In this article, it will be argued that Wicomb’s literary project inscribes itself in a tradition of female (South) African (political) writing that challenges the silencing of (coloured) female history. In a first step, the main character's development will be traced with a particular focus on the concepts of subjectivity and relational identity. Secondly, the question of metafictional elements embedded in the stories will be approached to carve out an understanding of Wicomb's text as an essay on (political) writing and reading 'in disguise'.
A Qualitative Study of Perceived Barriers to Fruit and Vegetable Consumption Among Low-Income Populations, North Carolina, 2011
Creators: name: Haynes-Maslow, Lindsey
name: Parsons, Sarah E.
name: Wheeler, Stephanie B.
name: Leone, Lucia A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: IntroductionObesity is the leading preventable cause of illness and a major contributor to chronic disease. Eating fresh fruits and vegetables can help manage and prevent weight gain and reduce the risk of chronic diseases. Low-income communities often lack stores that sell fresh fruit and vegetables and have instead stores that sell foods low in nutritional value. The objective of this study was to understand perceived community-level barriers to fruit and vegetable consumption among low-income people.MethodsWe conducted 8 focus groups involving 68 low-income participants in 2 North Carolina counties, from May 2011 through August 2011. The socioecological model of health guided data analysis, and 2 trained researchers coded transcripts and summarized findings. Four focus groups were conducted in each county; 1 was all male, 5 all female, and 2 mixed sexes. Most participants were black (68%), most were women (69.1%), and most had a high school education or less (61.8%). Almost half received support from either the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program or another government assistance program.ResultsWe identified 6 major community-level barriers to access to fruits and vegetables: cost, transportation, quality, variety, changing food environment, and changing societal norms on food.ConclusionPolicymakers should consider supporting programs that decrease the cost and increase the supply of high-quality fruits and vegetables in low-income communities.
Detection of discretized single-shell penetration in mesoscopic vortex matter
Creators: name: Dolz, Moira Inés
name: Fasano, Yanina
name: Bolecek, Néstor René Cejas
name: Pastoriza, Hernán
name: Konczykowski, Marcin
name: van der Beek, Cornelius Jacominus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated configurational changes in mesoscopic vortex matter with less than thousand vortices during flux penetration in freestanding 50 $μ$m diameter disks of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8 +δ}$. High-resolution AC and DC local magnetometry data reveal oscillations in the transmittivity echoed in peaks in the third-harmonics magnetic signal fainting on increasing vortex density. By means of extra experimental evidence and a simple geometrical analysis we show that these features fingerprint the discretized entrance of single-shells of vortices having a shape that mimics the sample edge.
Additional file 3 of metaMIC: reference-free misassembly identification and correction of de novo metagenomic assemblies
Creators: name: Lai, Senying
name: Pan, Shaojun
name: Sun, Chuqing
name: Coelho, Luis Pedro
name: Chen, Wei-Hua
name: Zhao, Xing-Ming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Additional file 3. Review history.
An Effective Community–Academic Partnership to Extend the Reach of Screenings for Fall Risk
Creators: name: Garbe, Kathie C.
name: Shubert, Tiffany E.
name: Chaplin, Rebecca
name: Schrodt, Lori A.
name: Busby-Whitehead, Jan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Older adults should be screened for fall risk annually. Community providers (people without formal medical training who work with older adults in senior centers or aging services) may be a viable group to expand the reach of screenings. Our community–academic partnership developed a program to increase and assess fall risk screenings by community providers. Community sites hosted training workshops and screening events. Community screenings were well attended and received by providers and older adults. With administrative support from the regional fall prevention coalition and technical support from academia, community providers screened 161 older adults from a broad geographic area. Twenty-one community providers completed the training. Knowledge and confidence surveys demonstrated improvements before and after training (P < .001). Skills assessments demonstrated mastery of most skills, but some providers required additional training. Provider feedback indicated screening procedures were complex. Future projects will examine this model using simplified screening procedures.
Cosmic Structure as the Quantum Interference of a Coherent Dark Wave
Creators: name: Schive, Hsi-Yu
name: Chiueh, Tzihong
name: Broadhurst, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional cold, particle interpretation of dark matter (CDM) still lacks laboratory support and struggles with the basic properties of common dwarf galaxies, which have surprisingly uniform central masses and shallow density profiles. In contrast, galaxies predicted by CDM extend to much lower masses, with steeper, singular profiles. This tension motivates cold, wavelike dark matter ($ψ$DM) composed of a non-relativistic Bose-Einstein condensate, so the uncertainty principle counters gravity below a Jeans scale. Here we achieve the first cosmological simulations of this quantum state at unprecedentedly high resolution capable of resolving dwarf galaxies, with only one free parameter, $\bf{m_B}$, the boson mass. We demonstrate the large scale structure of this $ψ$DM simulation is indistinguishable from CDM, as desired, but differs radically inside galaxies. Connected filaments and collapsed haloes form a large interference network, with gravitationally self-bound solitonic cores inside every galaxy surrounded by extended haloes of fluctuating density granules. These results allow us to determine $\bf{m_B=(8.1^{+1.6}_{-1.7})\times 10^{-23}~eV}$ using stellar phase-space distributions in dwarf spheroidal galaxies. Denser, more massive solitons are predicted for Milky Way sized galaxies, providing a substantial seed to help explain early spheroid formation. Suppression of small structures means the onset of galaxy formation for $ψ$DM is substantially delayed relative to CDM, appearing at $\bf{z\lesssim 13}$ in our simulations.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures. Pre-submission version. Final version has appeared in Nature Physics (http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nphys2996)
Supplementary Information.docx from N-arylacetamide derivatives of 1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylate as potential drug candidates for urease inhibition
Creators: name: Hina, Sajila
name: Zaib, Sumera
name: Uroos, Maliha
name: Zia-ur-Rehman, Muhammad
name: Munir, Rubina
name: Riaz, Huma
name: Syed, Quratulain
name: Imam Abidi, Syed Hussain
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Organic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 30499 Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Urease enzyme is an infectious factor that provokes the growth and colonization of virulence pathogenic bacteria in human. To overcome the deleterious effects of bacterial infections, inhibition of urease enzyme is one of the promising approaches. The current study is designed to synthesize new 1,2-benzothiazine-N-arylacetamide derivatives 5(a-n) that can effectively provide a new drug candidate to avoid bacterial infections by urease inhibition. After structural elucidation by FT-IR, proton and carbon-13 NMR and mass spectroscopy, the synthesized compounds 5(a-n) were investigated to evaluate their inhibitory potential against urease enzyme. In vitro analysis against positive control of thiourea indicated that all the synthesized compounds have strong inhibitory strengths as compared to reference drug. Compound 5k being the most potent inhibitor, strongly inhibited the urease enzymes and revealed an IC50 value of 9.8 ± 0.023 µM when compared with the IC50 of thiourea (22.3 ± 0.031 µM), that is far more robust inhibitory potential. Docking studies of 5k within the urease active site revealed various significant interactions such as H-bond, π-alkyl with amino acid residues like Val744, Lys716, Ala16, Glu7452, Ala37 and Asp730.
Trustworthy Trader or Creditworthy Debtor? Competing Moralities and Trader Subjectivities at the Kariakoo Market in Dar es Salaam
Creators: name: Brühwiler, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2014

description: Urban Africans in twentieth-century Dar es Salaam made extensive use of credit and debt to create trade networks and respectable identities. Relying on mali kauli trade practices (a form of informal credit based on verbal promises), wholesalers at the Kariakoo market established relationally-constituted identities as trustworthy traders, making obvious the morality at the center of discourses and practices of credit and debt. Moral discourses around credit and debt provided a realm where local views of business practices and creditors’ visions of desirable business behavior intersected. When formal loans became available in the 1990s, credit providers used morality as a fulcrum to reform urban traders. Although impelled to become creditworthy debtors, Kariakoo traders preferred older systems of trade to cash-based transactions facilitated by formal loans. The persistence of older forms of morality and relations of trust served as a way to critically evaluate and criticize formal loans and attending moral discourses.
Metal artifact reduction based on the combined prior image
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanbo
name: Mou, Xuanqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Metallic implants introduce severe artifacts in CT images, which degrades the image quality. It is an effective method to reduce metal artifacts by replacing the metal affected projection with the forward projection of a prior image. How to find a good prior image is the key of this class methods, and numerous algorithms have been proposed to address this issue recently. In this work, by using image mutual correlation, pixels in the original reconstructed image or linear interpolation corrected image, which are less affected by artifacts, are selected to build a combined image. Thereafter, a better prior image is generated from the combined image by using tissue classification. The results of three patients' CT images show that the proposed method can reduce metal artifacts remarkably.
description: Published on the 12th International Meeting on Fully Threedimensional Image Reconstruction in Radiology and Nuclear Medicine in 2013
13-year single-center experience with the treatment of acute type B aortic dissection
Creators: name: Herajärvi, Johanna
name: Jormalainen, Mikko
name: Mustonen, Caius
name: Kesävuori, Risto
name: Raivio, Peter
name: Biancari, Fausto
name: Juvonen, Tatu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Background. Acute type B aortic dissection (TBAD) is catastrophic event associated with significant mortality and lifelong morbidity. The optimal treatment strategy of TBAD is still controversial. Methods. This analysis includes patients treated for TBAD at the Helsinki University Hospital, Finland in 2007–2019. The endpoints were early and late mortality, and intervention of the aorta. Results. There were 205 consecutive TBAD patients, 59 complicated and 146 uncomplicated patients (mean age of 66 ± 14, females 27.8%). In-hospital and 30-day mortality rates were higher in complicated patients compared with uncomplicated patients with a statistically significant difference (p = 0.035 and p = 0.015, respectively). After a mean follow-up of 4.9 ± 3.8 years, 36 (25.0%) and 22 (37.9%) TBAD -related adverse events occurred in the uncomplicated and complicated groups, respectively (p = 0.066). Freedom from composite outcome was 83 ± 3% and 69 ± 6% at 1 year, 75 ± 4% and 63 ± 7% at 5 years, 70 ± 5% and 59 ± 7% at 10 years in the uncomplicated group and in the complicated group, respectively (p = 0.052). There were 25 (39.1%) TBAD-related deaths in the overall series and prior aortic aneurysm was the only risk factor for adverse aortic-related events in multivariate analysis (HR 3.46, 95% CI 1.72–6.96, p < 0.001). Conclusion. TBAD is associated with a significant risk of early and late adverse events. Such a risk tends to be lower among patients with uncomplicated dissection, still one fourth of them experience TBAD-related event. Recognition of risk factors in the uncomplicated group who may benefit from early aortic repair would be beneficial.
Additional file 1 of Relevant vs non-relevant subspecialist for patients hospitalised in internal medicine at a local hospital: which is better? A retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Berg, Øyvind
name: Hurtig, Ulf
name: Steinsbekk, Aslak
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1.
Beliefs and Communication Practices Regarding Cognitive Functioning Among Consumers and Primary Care Providers in the United States, 2009
Creators: name: Hunter, Rebecca
name: Wu, Bei
name: Tseng, Winston
name: Rose, India D.
name: Anderson, Lynda A.
name: Deokar, Angela J.
name: Friedman, Daniela B.
name: Bryant, Lucinda L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: IntroductionLimited research has examined primary care providers’ communication with patients about maintaining cognitive functioning. Our study’s objective was to compare the perceptions of consumers and primary care providers related to beliefs and communication practices about lifestyle behaviors beneficial for overall health and for maintaining cognitive functioning.MethodsIn 2009, we submitted 10 questions to Porter Novelli’s HealthStyles survey and 6 questions to their DocStyles survey. We compared consumers’ (n = 4,728) and providers’ (n = 1,250) beliefs, practices, and information sources related to maintaining health and cognitive functioning. We made comparisons using nonparametric statistics.ResultsApproximately 76% of consumers considered their health to be good or very good; 73.4% were concerned or very concerned about the possibility that their memory may worsen with age. Women were significantly more concerned than men, and white consumers were more concerned than black and Hispanic consumers. Consumers reported they believed that intellectual stimulation (86.6%), physical activity (82.6%), and healthful diet (82.5%) prevented or delayed cognitive impairment. Providers reported advising patients to reduce cognitive impairment risk through physical activity (85.9%), intellectual stimulation (80.3%), and social involvement (67.4%). Few consumers (7.8%) reported receiving this information from providers but reported learning about strategies to maintain memory, primarily from television (50.1%), magazines (44.1%), and newspapers (33.7%).ConclusionProviders reported advising patients about how to reduce risks of cognitive impairment. Consumers reported receiving this information from other sources. Findings suggest a need to examine and assess media messages and to better understand patient–provider communication about cognitive functioning.
Association between periprocedural myocardial injury and long-term all-cause mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Chen, Wentao
name: Han, Yilong
name: Wang, Chunlin
name: Chen, Wenqiang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer
Science Policy

description: Objective. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to investigate the effect of periprocedural myocardial injury (PPMI) on long-term all-cause mortality in patients undergoing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and to explore potential factors associated with mortality risk. Design. The PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases were searched up to April 2022. Studies reporting the effect of PPMI on the risk of long-term all-cause mortality were included. The summary odds ratio (OR) was calculated using a random effects model. Additionally, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were conducted according to specific research characteristics to explore sources of heterogeneity. Results. Fourteen studies involving 6,415 patients who underwent TAVR showed that the occurrence of PPMI was associated with a higher risk of long-term mortality. Subgroup analysis showed that in the group of aged ≥82 years, men accounted for less than 50%, coronary artery disease patients accounted for more than 50%, and the proportion of patients with chronic kidney disease accounted for more than 60%, the proportion of patients with atria fibrillation accounted for less than 30%, and the Society of Thoracic Surgeons predicted risk of mortality score was >8 points, patients with PPMI had higher long-term all-cause mortality than those without PPMI. Conclusions. Among the patients who underwent TAVR, those who developed PPMI had higher long-term all-cause mortality.
Compact wavefunctions from compressed imaginary time evolution
Creators: name: McClean, Jarrod R.
name: Aspuru-Guzik, Alán
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulation of quantum systems promises to deliver physical and chemical predictions for the frontiers of technology. Unfortunately, the exact representation of these systems is plagued by the exponential growth of dimension with the number of particles, or colloquially, the curse of dimensionality. The success of approximation methods has hinged on the relative simplicity of physical systems with respect to the exponentially complex worst case. Exploiting this relative simplicity has required detailed knowledge of the physical system under study. In this work, we introduce a general and efficient black box method for many-body quantum systems that utilizes technology from compressed sensing to find the most compact wavefunction possible without detailed knowledge of the system. It is a Multicomponent Adaptive Greedy Iterative Compression (MAGIC) scheme. No knowledge is assumed in the structure of the problem other than correct particle statistics. This method can be applied to many quantum systems such as spins, qubits, oscillators, or electronic systems. As an application, we use this technique to compute ground state electronic wavefunctions of hydrogen fluoride and recover 98% of the basis set correlation energy or equivalently 99.996% of the total energy with $50$ configurations out of a possible $10^7$. Building from this compactness, we introduce the idea of nuclear union configuration interaction for improving the description of reaction coordinates and use it to study the dissociation of hydrogen fluoride and the helium dimer.
Demand for Weight Loss Counseling After Copayment Elimination
Creators: name: Yancy, William S.
name: Weidenbacher, Hollis J.
name: Maciejewski, Matthew L.
name: Kahwati, Leila C.
name: Datta, Santanu
name: Weinberger, Morris
name: Abbott, David
name: Olsen, Maren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: IntroductionOverweight and obesity are public health issues in the United States, and veterans have a higher rate of overweight and obesity than the general population. Our objective was to examine whether copayment elimination increased use of a weight loss clinic by veterans.MethodsWe examined clinic use by 44,411 new patients seen in a Veterans Affairs (VA) MOVE! weight management clinic before the copayment elimination and clinic use by 64,398 new patients seen in the year after copayment elimination. We examined clinic use via mixed-effects models for patients who were already exempt from copayment and patients who were newly exempt from copayment. We used 2 outcomes before and after copayment elimination: 1) the ratio of number of clinic visits by new users with the mean number of MOVE! clinic visits by all users, and 2) the number of clinic visits by each new user in the 6 months after their first visit. All models were adjusted for patient and clinic factors.ResultsAmong newly exempt patients, the clinic-standardized rate of new use increased by 2.2% after the copayment was eliminated but increased 12% among already exempt veterans. This finding was confirmed in adjusted analyses. Analysis of number of clinic visits adjusted for patient and clinic factors also found that exempt and nonexempt veterans had similar numbers of repeat clinic visits.ConclusionWe saw an unexpected larger increase in demand among veterans who receive all VA care for free. These results suggest that VA should not assume that copayment reductions for selective preventive services will motivate patient change and achieve intended system-level outcomes.
title: Impact of targeted UPLC-MS/MS metabolomics on chemical and biochemical characterisation of MAPs
Creators: name: Martens, Stefan
name: Sarrou, Eirini
name: Chatzopoulou, Paschalina
Publisher: name: Julius Kühn-Institut
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: metabolomics
subject: secondary metabolites
subject: polyphenols
subject: MAPs

description: Julius-Kühn-Archiv 453
description: Analysis of natural product pattern (metabolites; metabolomics) and its formation (pathway; biosynthesis) in plants, especially in non-model or crop plants such as medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs), is a research field with significant potential for breeders, growers and consumers. There is an increasing importance for constant and sustainable quality of MAPs final products. Polyphenols are one of the most important compounds for the antioxidant properties of MAPs and are often, if not identified as active principle, used as lead compounds in quality assessment of herbal drugs and related preparation (herbal tea, alcoholic extracts etc.). Therefore, offering an efficient, robust and reliable fast tool to determine these quality features of MAPs will guarantee the growers, industrial users and the consumers from possible frauds.
Cardiac amyloidosis: evolving pathogenesis, multimodal diagnostics, and principles of treatment
Creators: name: Medarametla, Gnana Deepthi
name: Kahlon, Ripudaman Singh
name: Mahitha, Lampimukhi
name: Shariff, Sanobar
name: Vakkalagadda, Naga Praneeth
name: Chopra, Hitesh
name: Kamal, Mohammad Amjad
name: Patel, Neil
name: Sethi, Yashendra
name: Kaka, Nirja
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2023
Subjects: cardiac amyloidosis
ATTR amyloidosis
gene therapy
amyloid
cardiomyopathy
CRISPR

description: Amyloidosis is a protein deposition disorder in which insoluble fibril structures accumulate in the bodily tissues damaging the organ function. Cardiac amyloidosis is a severe but under-reported medical condition characterized by the accumulation of amyloid in the extracellular area of the myocardium, which results in thickening and stiffening of ventricular walls. Cardiac amyloidosis has recently gained much attention with its slowly surging incidence. With this study, we seek to comprehensively compile the pathophysiology and clinical picture of cardiac amyloidosis subtypes, extending a clinically oriented, up-to-date clinical approach to diagnosis and therapy. Cardiac amyloidosis can be caused by rare genetic mutations which may be inherited or acquired. The growing incidence can be attributed to advancements in imaging methods and other diagnostic modalities. Most occurrences of cardiac amyloidosis result from two forms of precursor protein: transthyretin [TTR] amyloid and immunoglobulin-derived light-chain amyloid. Prompt identification of cardiac amyloidosis can facilitate the implementation of evolving therapeutic interventions to enhance the outcomes. The modalities for the management of CA have evolved significantly in the last ten years. Apart from therapies for modifying disease and heart failure, a myriad of novel therapeutic approaches that target specific aspects of the disease, including gene therapies, are being researched. These aim at impeding its progression and improving clinical outcomes.
description: EXCLI Journal; 22:Doc781; ISSN 1611-2156
The Missing Revolution: El-Sisi’s Presidency in the Light of the Army’s Historical Role in Egypt
Creators: name: Priewasser, Robert
Publisher: name: Stichproben - Wiener Zeitschrift für kritische Afrikastudien / Vienna Journal of African Studies
Year: 2014

description: This essay outlines the discourse about the military’s role in the Egyptian state and explains why it has been able to secure its position as the most important political and economic player in the country until today. Referring to the traditionally dominant role of the army in Egypt it will be shown that since Gamal Abdel Nasser the military regime is deeply rooted within Egyptian society, economy, and national ideology. Accordingly, after the successful overthrow of Hosni Mubarak in February 2011 and of Mohamed Morsi in July 2013, the candidacy of Abdel Fattah el-Sisi for presidency – and his election in May 2014 – was an inevitable consequence. A third revolution to eliminate the dominant role of the army is as yet missing and seems more unlikely than ever.
Quantum Limit in a Magnetic Field for Triplet Superconductivity in a Quasi-One-Dimensional Conductor
Creators: name: Lebed, Andrei G.
name: Sepper, Otar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically consider the upper critical magnetic field, perpendicular to a conducting axis in a triplet quasi-one-dimensional superconductor. In particular, we demonstrate that, at high magnetic fields, the orbital effects against superconductivity in a magnetic field are reversible and, therefore, superconductivity can restore. It is important that the above mentioned quantum limit can be achieved in presumably triplet quasi-one-dimensional superconductor Li$_{0.9}$Mo$_6$O$_{17}$ [J.-F. Mercure et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. {\bf 108}, 187003 (2012)] at laboratory available pulsed magnetic fields of the order of $H = 500-700 \ T$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Emergency Medical Services Capacity for Prehospital Stroke Care in North Carolina
Creators: name: Rose, Kathryn M.
name: Patel, Mehul D.
name: Brice, Jane H.
name: Suchindran, Chirayath M.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: IntroductionPrior assessments of emergency medical services (EMS) stroke capacity found deficiencies in education and training, use of protocols and screening tools, and planning for the transport of patients. A 2001 survey of North Carolina EMS providers found many EMS systems lacked basic stroke services. Recent statewide efforts have sought to standardize and improve prehospital stroke care. The objective of this study was to assess EMS stroke care capacity in North Carolina and evaluate statewide changes since 2001.MethodsIn June 2012, we conducted a web-based survey on stroke education and training and stroke care practices and policies among all EMS systems in North Carolina. We used the McNemar test to assess changes from 2001 to 2012.ResultsOf 100 EMS systems in North Carolina, 98 responded to our survey. Most systems reported providing stroke education and training (95%) to EMS personnel, using a validated stroke scale or screening tool (96%), and having a hospital prenotification policy (98%). Many were suboptimal in covering basic stroke educational topics (71%), always communicating stroke screen results to the destination hospital (46%), and always using a written destination plan (49%). Among 70 EMS systems for which we had data for 2001 and 2012, we observed significant improvements in education on stroke scales or screening tools (61% to 93%, P < .001) and use of validated stroke scales or screening tools (23% to 96%, P < .001).ConclusionMajor improvements in EMS stroke care, especially in prehospital stroke screening, have occurred in North Carolina in the past decade, whereas other practices and policies, including use of destination plans, remain in need of improvement.
Control of tissue development by morphogens.
Creators: name: Kicheva, Anna
name: Briscoe, James
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: Signalling & Oncogenes
subject: Signalling & Oncogenes
classificationCode: Gene Expression
subject: Gene Expression
classificationCode: Developmental Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
classificationCode: Computational & Systems Biology
subject: Computational & Systems Biology
classificationCode: Neurosciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
classificationCode: Model organisms
subject: Model organisms
classificationCode: Synthetic Biology
subject: Synthetic Biology

description: Intercellular signaling molecules, known as morphogens, act at a long range in developing tissues to provide spatial information and control properties such as cell fate and tissue growth. The production, transport, and removal of morphogens shape their concentration profiles in time and space. Downstream signaling cascades and gene regulatory networks within cells then convert the spatiotemporal morphogen profiles into distinct cellular responses. The current challenges are to understand the diverse molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying morphogen gradient formation, as well as the logic of downstream regulatory circuits involved in morphogen interpretation. This knowledge, combining experimental and theoretical results, is essential to understand emerging properties of morphogen-controlled systems, such as robustness and scaling. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology, Volume 39 is October 2023. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.