cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Folding in Research
Creators: name: Hubeli, Robert
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The paper describes how the research collaboration between design faculty and the research arm of one of the world’s largest concrete and cement manufacturers can serve as a basis for advanced building technology courses and provide internship opportunities for the students to further deepen the knowledge they gained in the class. The larger context of the course is the recent advancement in concrete mix technology and the resulting opportunities to develop novel fabrication and construction techniques.

The paper showcases a professional elective course (seminar) that was structured around an advanced concrete cast technology that allows concrete forms to be poured onto flat formwork that is wet-folded into its final form, reducing the need for complicated formwork to achieve more geometrically complex concrete elements. After the seminar concluded, one of the students had the opportunity to further assist and develop the project during the summer as an intern at the research and development lab of the concrete company that provided the mix for the class.

In an effort to showcase a lineage between course work and student internships, the paper focuses on one of the projects that used the approximation of a shell structure through a folded triangulation (coined ‘creased shell’). The geometry was developed and tested in collaboration with the faculty and further developed in collaboration with the industry partner. The results of that project became a key component of the overall research work the course was embedded in. Therefore, the paper will reflect, in the context of such research projects, a collaboration between the material industry and the academy that can offer valuable opportunities for students to gain access to advanced material research through hands-on experience.

This paper showcases how material technology can foster new design strategies where architectural form emerges from a understanding of material properties and processes.
Sequential optimizing investing strategy with neural networks
Creators: name: Adachi, Ryo
name: Takemura, Akimichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Computational Finance (q-fin.CP)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper we propose an investing strategy based on neural network models combined with ideas from game-theoretic probability of Shafer and Vovk. Our proposed strategy uses parameter values of a neural network with the best performance until the previous round (trading day) for deciding the investment in the current round. We compare performance of our proposed strategy with various strategies including a strategy based on supervised neural network models and show that our procedure is competitive with other strategies.
title: Comprehensive BIM Integration for Architectural Education Using Computational Design Visual Programming Environments
Creators: name: Schroeder, Roger
name: Dean, William
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Recent developments in visual programming environments that function as components of the BIM software point to new ways to interact with the emerging and evolving BIM paradigm now common to most educators. Presenting this material comprehensively across the program curriculum is difficult since the expertise to develop course-specific computational content may not yet exist.

This examination proposes and explores a methodology of assisting the current evolution of using computational frameworks but integrated into coursework across the curriculum. Building components in a modular form will allow both educators and students improved accessibility to the concepts of using a shared model in advanced analytical and visual ways. Underpinning this component approach is the availability of using node base parametric modeling tools to extend BIM software, notably Dynamo for Revit, and the nodes being developed for it.
Griffe illustratrice de Félix Vallotton
Creators: name: Burkhalter, Sarah
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: Félix Vallotton (1865-1925), peintre, graveur, dessinateur, écrivain et critique d’art de renom international, doit une large part de sa notoriété à plus de 1’000 illustrations de revues et de livres réalisées dans les années 1890-1900.
description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
Impedance matching and emission properties of optical antennas in a nanophotonic circuit
Creators: name: Huang, Jer-Shing
name: Feichtner, Thorsten
name: Biagioni, Paolo
name: Hecht, Bert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimentally realizable prototype nanophotonic circuit consisting of a receiving and an emitting nano antenna connected by a two-wire optical transmission line is studied using finite-difference time- and frequency-domain simulations. To optimize the coupling between nanophotonic circuit elements we apply impedance matching concepts in analogy to radio frequency technology. We show that the degree of impedance matching, and in particular the impedance of the transmitting nano antenna, can be inferred from the experimentally accessible standing wave pattern on the transmission line. We demonstrate the possibility of matching the nano antenna impedance to the transmission line characteristic impedance by variations of the antenna length and width realizable by modern microfabrication techniques. The radiation efficiency of the transmitting antenna also depends on its geometry but is independent of the degree of impedance matching. Our systems approach to nanophotonics provides the basis for realizing general nanophotonic circuits and a large variety of derived novel devices.
Contribution of university libraries to data literacy and open science skills: TU Delft Library experience
Creators: name: Martinez-Lavanchy, Paula
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: data literacy
open science skills
university library
training

description: Presentation given at the 'XVIII International Conference on University Libraries: Reading, information, digital, transmedia and research competencies in the training of professionals for future' organized by the Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM) on October 26th to 28th, 2021. This presentation was part of the round table 4 'Data Literacy and Open Science for the advancement of learning, knowledge and research' The session was recorded: https://www.facebook.com/bibliotecasUNAM/videos/917528655528027 The presentation tries to reflect on the different approaches that university libraries can contribute to capacity building on data literacy and open science skills based on TU Delft Library experience.
title: Phenomenology and Performance: Technology | Architecture + Design Through Music
Creators: name: Stivers, Jerry
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: “Phenomenology” is a design philosophy that was first used to criticize the modern movement and as an urge to return to “place-based” architecture. Juhani Pallasmaa further expanded the ideas by introducing the phenomenological aspects of kinesthetic and multi-sensory perception of the human body into this architecture theory.

“Performance Based” design, with the help of computational tools, is a design paradigm within architecture that has emerged in the 21st Century by using building performance as a guiding design principle for the design of cities and buildings. Current interest in building performance as a design paradigm is largely due to the emergence of sustainability as a defining socio-economic issue and the recent developments in technology and cultural theory. “Phenomenology” and “Performance Based Design, students were asked to develop an interpretive building component (structure, skin, space) inspired by the relationships found between music and architecture. Music has distinct phenomenological qualities that can be thought of in conjunction with the spatial experiences of architecture. Music also has distinct computational or technical qualities that can be thought of in conjunction with building performance and the tectonics of architecture.

Music and architecture have many things in common and have many divergent means for creation. Rhythm is the underlying pattern and found in the beats / repetition of music as well as the structural elements of architecture. Texture is heard in layering different instrument voices and seen in the composition of building materials. Harmony is achieved through note combinations within a musical work or in architecture through the successful relationship of individual spaces becoming one cohesive space. Dynamics in music and architecture deal with quality and emphasis both needing hierarchy and identity as well as feeling. Musicians experience music in very deep ways, e.g. subtle moments in songs / tunes that some people might not notice. Architects similarly feel and experience space in deeper ways than most non-architects. When architects move through space, it becomes a phenomenological journey of tectonic discovery.

The ideas and artifacts were presented in conjunction with the playing of the music initially chosen. As with many art forms, their subjective appreciation and evaluation was quite varied depending on the listener and observer and their personal sensitivities and biases. As a design critic and musician who plays Celtic music, final evaluation was prefaced by the design conversation that led up to the final submission as well as my own phenomenological and performative understanding of the music. Because of these mutual behaviors, music and architecture share a relationship generated by subtle experiences (phenomenology) and underlying computational codes (performance). In that shared relationship lie the creative potential for mutual understanding and discovery.
Unipolar Resistance Switching in Amorphous High-k dielectrics Based on Correlated Barrier Hopping Theory
Creators: name: Li, Kui
name: Xia, Yidong
name: Xu, Bo
name: Guo, Hongxuan
name: Gao, Xu
name: Guo, Kang
name: Yin, Jiang
name: Liu, Zhiguo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have proposed a kind of nonvolatile resistive switching memory based on amorphous LaLuO3, which has already been established as a promising candidate of high-k gate dielectric employed in transistors. Well-developed unipolar switching behaviors in amorphous LaLuO3 make it suited for not only logic but memory applications using the conventional semiconductor or the emerging nano/CMOS architectures. The conduction transition between high- and low- resistance states is attributed to the change in the separation between oxygen vacancy sites in the light of the correlated barrier hopping theory. The mean migration distances of vacancies responsible for the resistive switching are demonstrated in nanoscale, which could account for the ultrafast programming speed of 6 ns. The origin of the distributions in switching parameters in oxides can be well understood according to the switching principle. Furthermore, an approach has also been developed to make the operation voltages predictable for the practical applications of resistive memories.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
title: Writing-in-Action: Teaching Technical Writing through the Lens of the Reflective Practitioner
Creators: name: Cosper, Christopher
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Technical writing is a critical component of technical education. Many professors who teach environmental building systems, structures, or other technical courses realize the value of assigning technical reports, which require students to gather data, to analyze that data, and to draw conclusions in a cogent manner. Those of us who teach technical courses and read our students’ reports also know how poorly written those reports typically are.

Gerald Grow argued in "The Writing Problems of Visual Thinkers" that architects think—and therefore write—differently than the general population. If Grow is right, should we not develop a unique pedagogy for teaching architects how to communicate through technical writing? And if so, which pedagogy is correct?

In The Reflective Practitioner and Educating the Reflective Practitioner, Donald Schön investigated the way that architects and other professionals work through a problem using a process of testing potential solutions, what Schön called “knowing-in-action,” “reflection-in-action,” and “reflecting on reflection-in- action” (his term for meta-thinking). Because the writing process mirrors the design process in many ways, Schön’s ideas for educating the reflective practitioner should be appropriate for teaching architecture students to write more effectively, specifically when they are assigned technical reports.

This paper is the first step in a planned investigation of applying Schön’s theory of the “reflective practitioner” to the discipline of technical writing. As a first step, this paper begins with a literature review that examines writing manuals created for architects and other design professionals, identifying the way those manuals apply techniques compatible with Schön’s theories. Next, this paper offers a brief review of writing programs at several architecture schools. Following that discussion, this paper introduces some of Donald Schön’s major concepts. Finally, this paper concludes with a next steps section that outlines a proposed, long-term research project built around the proposed concept of “writing-in-action.”
Signatures of the classical transition state in atomic quantum spectra
Creators: name: Cartarius, Holger
name: Main, Jörg
name: Wunner, Günter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform quantum mechanically exact calculations of resonances in the spectrum of the hydrogen atom in crossed external fields and establish a close connection between the classical transition state in phase space and features in the quantum spectrum. By varying the external field strengths, structures are revealed which are surprisingly similar to the quantized energy levels of the classical electron motion in the vicinity of the saddle point obtained with an approximation of the potential. The results give clear evidence for signatures of the transition state in quantum spectra.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, one reference was added
The benefits of Open Science: Evidence for claims made in the NWO animation on "Open Science"
Creators: name: Jonge, Hans De
name: Cruz, Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Open Science
Open Access
Impact

description: The Dutch Research Council (NWO) has been a strong supporter of Open Science for many years. In 2020 we commissioned the production of a very short (1.30 minute) animation to explain what Open Science is about and why NWO thinks it is so important. The video can be viewed on the NWO website: www.nwo.nl/openscience. In this document we provide the references to scholarly literature that support the claims made in the video about the benefits of Open Science.
An apparatus for the measurement of the specific heat of cadmium below 1° Kelvin
Creators: name: Dunick, John E.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The electronic specific heat of Cadmium has been determined by a number of independent workers; using two basic methods; magnetic and calorimetric. This thesis pursues, the problem by a calorimetric determination using an aquadag thermometer and a thermal valve. Production of low temperatures is necessary as the transition temperature for this superconductor is about 0.56° K. Hence, the interest lies in attempting to determine the heat capacity of the metal both in the normal and superconducting states. The experimental method and results for specific heat measurements for other superconductors is briefly reviewed. The design of the cryostat is discussed in detail in Chapter II. A rather unique method of preparing a paramagnetic salt pill is also given. Resistance thermometers and determination of temperature very important and the temperature range is obtained by adiabatic demagnetisation. The conclusion and results of this research project is given in Chapter III.
On two-dimensional continued fractions for the integer hyperbolic matrices with small norm
Creators: name: Karpenkov, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11H06 (Primary); 52C07 (Secondary)

description: In this note we classify two-dimensional continued fractions for cubic irrationalities constructed by matrices with not large norm ($|*| \le 6$). The classification is based on the following new result: the class of matrices with an irreducible characteristic polynomial over the field of rational numbers is the class of matrices of frobenius type iff there exists an integer solution for a certain equation with integer coefficients.
Remerciements
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: Les subventions publiques forment la base financière de l’Institut avec l’apport de l’Association pour la promotion de SIK-ISEA et de nos prestations de services.
description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
What is Fair Pay for Executives? An Information Theoretic Analysis of Wage Distributions
Creators: name: Venkatasubramanian, Venkat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The high pay packages of U.S. CEOs have raised serious concerns about what would constitute a fair pay.
description: 16 pages
Algebro-geometric Feynman rules
Creators: name: Aluffi, Paolo
name: Marcolli, Matilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We give a general procedure to construct algebro-geometric Feynman rules, that is, characters of the Connes-Kreimer Hopf algebra of Feynman graphs that factor through a Grothendieck ring of immersed conical varieties, via the class of the complement of the affine graph hypersurface. In particular, this maps to the usual Grothendieck ring of varieties, defining motivic Feynman rules. We also construct an algebro-geometric Feynman rule with values in a polynomial ring, which does not factor through the usual Grothendieck ring, and which is defined in terms of characteristic classes of singular varieties. This invariant recovers, as a special value, the Euler characteristic of the projective graph hypersurface complement. The main result underlying the construction of this invariant is a formula for the characteristic classes of the join of two projective varieties. We discuss the BPHZ renormalization procedure in this algebro-geometric context and some motivic zeta functions arising from the partition functions associated to motivic Feynman rules.
description: 26 pages, LaTeX, 1 figure
title: Concrete: Computation and Optimization
Creators: name: Nikolov, Nik
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: New materials require new design and construction methods. Even old materials are being continually developed with new properties that challenge the way we use them. A recent cycle of innovations has led to concretes with considerable and effective elastic limit in tension and flexural strength. The possibility to design in concrete as a single orthotropic material with both tensile and compressive properties create an opportunity for new products but also require new design approaches.

Topology optimization as an architectural design tool is largely unexplored, in contrast to its wide use in the field of mechanical engineering. Topologically optimized shapes are fundamentally different from standard structural shapes and require highly customized means of fabrication. The resulting members can be lighter, use less material, yet still be as strong. Perhaps of greatest importance is the observation that the topologically optimized shape simultaneously manifests a structural optimum and an emergent aesthetic.

This presentation will introduce the basics of structural topology optimization, existing software, and show how it was used in architectural technology coursework. The assignment in view, given to intermediate architectural students, is to design and optimize a structural beam and to subsequently fabricate it in ultra-high-performance concrete using consumer level CNC-milling of polystyrene casting formwork. Computer stress simulations were compared to physical crush tests.

An increasing number of architects and engineers are well-versed in emerging digital fabrication and computation technologies. The presentation will posit that the materials with emerging properties and accessible computation tools provide a platform for both architects and engineers to engage in the problem of combining structural efficiency and aesthetic.
année difficile, mais productive
Creators: name: Fayet, Roger
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: SIK-ISEA offre un large éventail de connaissances sur l’art en Suisse. Grâce à de nouveaux outils de recherche, ce savoir est plus que jamais à portée de main.
description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
title: Truss-ting History
Creators: name: Dennis, Chad
name: Friedman, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Building performance in this case being evaluated by traditional means, such as energy use over time, in addition to qualitative questions of space, history, pedagogy etc. Another term explicit in this project is that of “future use” by which we build on typical modes of site analysis in addition to the growing body of research developed through building scientists, we ask how building systems can be used to accommodate a variety of program while simultaneously maintaining a strong connection to place. Through the use of a hybrid system of glulam trusses and CLT panels to repurpose an existing historic pumphouse on the UMass Boston campus, an annex is created in dialogue with said structure.

The use of long span trusses serves the long-term needs of the project, ensuring the building’s resiliency into the future. In the short term, the raising of trusses from the ground plane enables a landscape program to be developed that deals with rainwater management and flooding. Sculpting of topography channels water beneath the structure, collecting it within a depression and eventually filtering it prior to discharge into nearby Boston Harbor.[1] In the long term, spaces have inherent programmatic flexibility; long spaces enabled by the trusses enable a large variety of programs to occupy the spaces. CLT floor panels might also be removed, the trusses serving as the main structural support members, allowing for sectional flexibility.

A final aspect of the project’s adaptability is its programmatic functions. As designed in the current day, the structure is enmeshed in UMass Boston as a piece of critical infrastructure, serving much needed campus functions such as power generation, lab spaces, and rainwater management. The pump house in its current stage exists as a biomass power plant, serving increased power consumption needs stipulated in local master plans. The spans enabled by the structure, however, enable various types of machinery to be switched in and out, allowing conversions from one power source to another. The annex, as designed, serves laboratory functions. The overdesign, in terms of HVAC and a flexible raised floor system, enables expansion of this lab program or later conversion to other uses as classrooms, offices, etc.

In short, a model for adaptable design is offered, both in terms of program and in application. The system is applicable to both free standing and existing structures, as well as offering a multitude of spatial configurations as time progresses.
Constance et renouvellement
Creators: name: Grüninger, Harold
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: Malgré les circonstances inhabituelles engendrées par la pandémie de coronavirus, 2020 a été une année productive. L’Institut a pu réaliser d’importants projets et emprunter de nouvelles voies.
description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
title: Microclimates at the Sixth Facade
Creators: name: Reed, Abby
name: Fannon, David
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Elevating buildings above grade is an increasingly- common design approach to address risks of costal and riverine flooding. While elevating buildings improves resistance to flood waters and potentially debris damage, other implications are less well-understood, including the influence of unique thermal and moisture conditions in the space between the ground and the underside of the elevated building—the so-called sixth facade. Unlike conventional basements, crawlspaces, or slabs-on-grade that respond to soil moisture through the installation of a vapor barrier, exposed, elevated floors contend with unique hygrothermal conditions, linked-to but distinct- from both the soil and the ambient air.

Uncontrolled moisture has significant energy consequences, can foster mold and fungi growth, and contributes to deterioration of building materials through rot and corrosion. To better understand conditions at the sixth facade, this study compares the conditions of the sixth facade to those of the interior and exterior ambient air of the same elevated building during the condensation-risk period of a year. Temperature and relative humidity were recorded inside, under, and adjacent-to the building at sub-hourly intervals for eleven months, to enable calculations of condensation risk. While extensive prior literature considers condensation in wall and roof assemblies and vented versus unvented crawlspaces; little data or guidance is available about the frequency of condensation risk on the underside of elevated buildings. The growing awareness and effort to improve building resilience at the residential scale demands a greater understanding of conditions at the sixth façade to guide design.
Exponentially Fragile PT-Symmetry in Lattices with Localized Eigenmodes
Creators: name: Bendix, Oliver
name: Fleischmann, Ragnar
name: Kottos, Tsampikos
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of localized modes in lattices of size N with parity-time (PT) symmetry. Such modes are arranged in pairs of quasi-degenerate levels with splitting delta exp{-N/xi}, where ξis their localization length. The level "evolution" with respect to the PT breaking parameter gamma shows a cascade of bifurcations during which a pair of real levels becomes complex. The spontaneous PT symmetry breaking occurs at gamma min(delta), thus resulting in an exponentially narrow exact PT phase. As N/xi decreases, it becomes more robust with gamma (1/N)^2 and the distribution P(gamma) changes from log-normal to semi-Gaussian. Our theory can be tested in the frame of optical lattices.
An ultrahigh vacuum system
Creators: name: Vanandel, Hendrikus Willem H.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: An ultrahigh vacuum system has been constructed for the purpose of filling discharge tubes with gases without introduction of impurities. An ultimate pressure of 6 x 10⁻¹⁰ mm. of Hg. has been reached before filling. Two tubes have been constructed and filled with Neon without critical contamination.
Table des Matières
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
title: Testing is Teaching Too: Transitioning a Large-Lecture Course from Summative to Formative Exams
Creators: name: Arens, Robert
name: Osborn, Brian
name: Trudell, Carmen
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: For students and teachers alike exams can be a dreadful experience with both parties left questioning the value of the exercise. Large-lecture courses tend to employ an exam culture that is more focused on expedience than efficacy as the promise of efficient grading often triumphs over the desire to create meaningful learning experiences. Within the Architectural Technology Fundamentals courses at Cal Poly we have found that machine-readable tests, which use multiple-choice and true-false questions, tend to assess students’ understanding of course topics at only the most basic level and are misaligned with our aspiration to fostering students who can integrate and apply their knowledge of course topics to their own design work.

In response, we have transitioned away from a mode of summative assessment and toward exams that we consider to be formative teaching tools in themselves. These include vignette-based exams that ask students to apply course topics to architectural scenarios. This paper discusses our use of vignette exams in large-lecture format architectural technology courses and reflects on the advantages and challenges. These insights come from three forms of assessment. First, grading the exams allows for an analysis of student performance. Second, dialogue with students through direct conversation provides input into their personal experiences with the exams. Finally, anonymous surveys assess the effectiveness of exams in supporting student learning.

Our findings indicate that the vignette exams allow for a more revealing assessment of students’ understanding of course topics. With machine-readable tests we could see when a student performed poorly in a topic area, however, the nature of their misunderstanding was not always apparent. In contrast, vignette exams reveal specifically where within each problem a student makes a mistake and therefore which aspect of the topic was misunderstood. Further, students report that they experience a holistic and integrated way of thinking through the vignette exams and that they “feel like architects” having completed the test. This sense of working on something meaningful positively impacts students’ perception of the relevance of course material to their education and their future lives as professionals.
Couverture
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft
Year: 2022

description: Jahresbericht SIK-ISEA / Schweizerisches Institut für Kunstwissenschaft, 2021: Jahresbericht 2020 SIK-ISEA
title: Exposed! The Impact of Structural Materiality on the Design of Architecture
Creators: name: Boake, Terry
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: There is a formative connection between structural choice and architectural design. Where the term “low hanging fruit” has often been used with reference to critical first choices towards climate responsive sustainable design, a similar approach can be applied to design-thinking when it comes to structural choices. The consideration of the material nature of the primary structure at the conceptual stage of design can allow for improved focus during the design process. This is particularly critical when working with exposed structural systems as the materiality also directly impacts the aesthetics. Exposing a structure requires that the architect be significantly more technically knowledgeable in order to remain in control of the design outcomes.

This paper will elaborate an approach to instilling this type of design-thinking as it pertains to structural systems. It will look at the advantages of adopting a directed or limited structural palette in earlier design based exercises as a means of acquiring a higher level of expertise that can lead into more adeptness when dealing with the complexity associated with multiple materials. It will demonstrate that limitations can actually be liberating. Sample case studies will be used as a means to support and explore this pedagogical approach to design.
title: A Student-Centered Active Learning Approach to Teaching Structures in a Bachelor of Architecture Program
Creators: name: Callahan, Marjorie
name: Shadravan, Shideh
name: Obasade, Yetunde
name: Hasenfratz, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Nearly all programs of architecture focus on structures as independent coursework, rather than on integrating pedagogy (i.e. how to teach structures in studio). To fill this gap, an innovative freshman workshop was developed in this study with a student-centered active learning approach to teach structures. In the present study, this approach combines three types of active learning activities: think-pair-build; in-class, all comrades’ shared discussions and review; and articulated student development reflections. The primary vehicle used for discovery is the Workshop Method. By focusing primarily on student’s own creative genre (small group designs), the class responds to what is brought into the one period focus. Workshops are devoted to critiquing work, to generating new work through guided exercises and assignments, and to incorporating a combination of both approaches for instilling intellectual habits. This approach implemented and assessed in three workshops in a freshman studio (three semesters) at the Division of Architecture, University of Oklahoma by architectural and structural faculty and their graduate assistants.

The results show that this method was a fairly successful structures introduction into architectural form, not previously considered. Specifically, in pre-structure workshop survey, student observations on structural components not reflected. Later, in post-structure workshop surveys, much is retained from structural information from the two workshops. Then, by faculty observation, in final end-of-the-year studio reviews, studio projects demonstrated structure patterns in comparison to previous years’ form-only outcomes. It is assumed that the structural activities in studio provided the students with added reinforcement in understanding how structural components work in design. From this first trial run, results prove integrating workshops and active-student learning techniques early influence students’ knowledge and understanding of structures. Further research currently conducted to follow these freshmen students through their second-year matriculation in the program. The study will examine if these same architecture students: (1) retain and use structures in their designs long before they actually take traditional structure curriculum coursework in their third year; and (2), if structural components appear in their work. This study implies that the most effective method for students to learn how to develop an integral structural process in their work (pattern and strategy) is learning by doing in freshman studio.
title: WATeRVASE: Wind-catching Adaptive Technology for a Roof-integrated Ventilation Aperture System and Evaporative-cooling
Creators: name: Moradnejad, Maryam
name: Aviv, Dorit
name: Ida, Aletheia
name: Meggers, Forrest
Publisher: name: University of Mass Amherst
Year: 2019

description: The WATeRVASE is a Wind-catching Adaptive Technology for a Roof-integrated Ventilation Aperture System and Evaporative-cooling. Prior research for the adaptive wind catcher technique demonstrates the effective multi-fin design composition for geometry shifting in response to wind directions and speeds (Aviv, Meggers 2018, 186-195; Aviv, Axel, 2017, 1123-1128). Other prior research demonstrates the effectiveness of superporous polyelectrolyte hydrogels for water sorption and diffusion (Smith, 2017, 2481-2488; Ida, 2018). Our team members have also developed a machine-learning platform for testing building technology prototypes for particular environmental conditions and building integration analyses (Smith, Lasch, 2016, 98-105). The new area of research combines the prior work of environmental systems, material science, and electrical and computer engineering for expanding the potential environmental variables that might be addressed simultaneously with the WATeRVASE. Human thermal comfort is one of the most significant challenges in hotarid climate contexts due to energy-intensive building cooling needs, resulting in significant amounts of problematic carbon emissions. Existing experience has shown that passive cooling techniques with natural ventilation and evaporative-cooling provide excellent thermal comfort, together with very low energy consumption (Santamouris and Dionysia 2013, 74-79). The adaptive roof aperture is an advanced passive cooling system that responds to the external airflow thermodynamics by changing its membrane water sorption states to allow either downdraft airflow (saturated top membrane) or nighttime radiation (open top with dry ventilation membrane). In this research, we are developing the adaptive roof aperture functions in the specific hot-arid climate location of Tucson, Arizona. The integration of the hydrogel membrane as an inner surface-lining of the wind-catcher will enable the control of moisture interface with airflow streams via hydropumps with sensors and actuation control, providing evaporative-cooling effects for the daytime downdraft system. Furthermore, the prototype incorporates a lyophilized hydrogel that provides for humidity sorption at the base of the cooling space for water recuperation. The hydrogel membrane may also provide daylighting and thermal conduction mitigation based on saturation states. The project will also explore the potential for rain-water harvesting with the roof-integrated aperture, which is especially necessary for drought-prone hot-arid contexts.
Code for Bauer, R., Clowry, G. and Kaiser, M., 2021. Creative destruction: a basic computational model of cortical layer formation. Cerebral Cortex
Creators: name: Bauer, Roman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Neuroinformatics
Computational Neuroscience
Cortical development
Apoptosis

description: This code specifies a computational model that can account for the development of layer-specific neuron numbers in various different cortical structures. It is agent-based and is initiated from a small homogeneous pool of precursor cells. The file Lamination.java includes the main function that induces the activation of multiple "modules" within a gene regulatory network.
description: Instructions to run the code from Ubuntu 16.04 are provided in the zip file
Eikonalise minijet model Predictions for Cross-Sections of Photon Induced Processes
Creators: name: R.M. Godbole
name: G. Pancheri
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1999

description: In this talk we present the results of an analysis of total and inelastic hadronic cross-sections for photon induced processes in the framework  of an eikonalised minijet model(EMM).  We fix the various input parameters to the EMM calculations  by using the data on photoproduction cross-sections and then make predictions for σ(γγ→hadrons) using same values of the  parameters. We then compare our predictions with the recent measurements of σ(γγ→hadrons) from LEP.We also show  that in the framework of the EMM the rise with √s of the total/inelastic cross-sections will be faster for photon induced processes than for the processes induced by hadrons like protons.
Resonant tunnelling features in the transport spectroscopy of quantum dots
Creators: name: Escott, C. C.
name: Zwanenburg, F. A.
name: Morello, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a review of features due to resonant tunnelling in transport spectroscopy experiments on quantum dots and single donors. The review covers features attributable to intrinsic properties of the dot as well as extrinsic effects, with a focus on the most common operating conditions. We describe several phenomena that can lead to apparently identical signatures in a bias spectroscopy measurement, with the aim of providing experimental methods to distinguish between their different physical origins. The correct classification of the resonant tunnelling features is an essential requirement to understand the details of the confining potential or predict the performance of the dot for quantum information processing.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures. Short review article submitted to Nanotechnology, special issue on 'Quantum Science and Technology at the Nanoscale'
Pentacene islands grown on ultra-thin SiO2
Creators: name: Conrad, B. R.
name: Cullen, W. G.
name: Riddick, B. C.
name: Williams, E. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-thin oxide (UTO) films were grown on Si(111) in ultrahigh vacuum at room temperature and characterized by scanning tunneling microscopy. The ultra-thin oxide films were then used as substrates for room temperature growth of pentacene. The apparent height of the first layer is 1.57 +/- 0.05 nm, indicating standing up pentacene grains in the thin-film phase were formed. Pentacene is molecularly resolved in the second and subsequent molecular layers. The measured in-plane unit cell for the pentacene (001) plane (ab plane) is a=0.76+/-0.01 nm, b=0.59+/-0.01 nm, and gamma=87.5+/-0.4 degrees. The films are unperturbed by the UTO's short-range spatial variation in tunneling probability, and reduce its corresponding effective roughness and correlation exponent with increasing thickness. The pentacene surface morphology follows that of the UTO substrate, preserving step structure, the long range surface rms roughness of ~0.1 nm, and the structural correlation exponent of ~1.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Lower Scaling Dimensions of Quarks and Gluons and New Energy Scales
Creators: name: F. Palumbo
Publisher: name: INFN Open Access Repository
Year: 1996

description: We consider the possibility that quarks and gluons, due to confinement, have lower scaling dimensions. In such a case there appear naturally new energy scales below which the standard theory is recovered. Arguments are given whereby for dimension 1/2 of the quarks the theory is unitary also above these energy scales.
title: Teaching Structures Online: Finding Opportunities for Tangible Engagement
Creators: name: Albright, Dustin
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2019

description: Faced with increasing demand but limited flexibility within the academic year, the School of Architecture at Clemson University developed and delivered an online version of its undergraduate Structures 2 course during the summer of 2018. This shift in timing and format presented a range of challenges, most significantly the compressed schedule (six weeks to deliver fifteen weeks of content), and the desire to maintain engaged, experiential learning despite the detachment and asynchronicity introduced by the online setup.

With respect to this remoteness, it proved fruitful to turn the challenge on its head and instead identify opportunities afforded by the geographic distribution of the students. This resulted in a unique case study project devised to capitalize on diverse summer experiences and dovetail with student internships. The project aimed to develop a clearer understanding of the collaborative relationship between practicing architects and structural engineers through shadowing and interviewing both parties. In conjunction, students identified a current project in the office of these professionals as a reference point for the interactions being described. This provided a foundation for discussions of scope, contracts, design stages, workflows, and special coordination. The case study also provided a vehicle for integrating basic course content relating to material systems, hierarchy, load path, and connections, all while developing other key competencies ranging from interpreting construction drawings to synthesizing architectural and structural information.

This paper details the first offering of the online Structures 2 course at Clemson University – its organization, its content, and the unique project devised as a thread tying everything together. The paper considers the scope of our students’ unfamiliarity with the architect / engineer relationship, and how a project like the one described can address this need. It is punctuated throughout by examples of student work, and includes detailed student feedback concerning the course and its methods.
Gromov-Witten theory of product stacks
Creators: name: Andreini, Elena
name: Jiang, Yunfeng
name: Tseng, Hsian-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14N35

description: Let $\mathcal{X}_1$ and $\mathcal{X}_2$ be smooth proper Deligne-Mumford stacks with projective coarse moduli spaces. We prove a formula for orbifold Gromov-Witten invariants of the product stack $\mathcal{X}_1\times \mathcal{X}_2$ in terms of Gromov-Witten invariants of the factors $\mathcal{X}_1$ and $\mathcal{X}_2$. As an application, we deduce a decomposition result for Gromov-Witten theory of trivial gerbes.
description: 38 pages
Is Sr2RuO4 a Chiral P-Wave Superconductor?
Creators: name: Kallin, C.
name: Berlinsky, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much excitement surrounds the possibility that strontium ruthenate exhibits chiral p-wave superconducting order. Such order would be a solid state analogue of the A phase of He-3, with the potential for exotic physics relevant to quantum computing. We take a critical look at the evidence for such time-reversal symmetry breaking order. The possible superconducting order parameter symmetries and the evidence for and against chiral p-wave order are reviewed, with an emphasis on the most recent theoretical predictions and experimental observations. In particular, attempts to reconcile experimental observations and theoretical predictions for the spontaneous supercurrents expected at sample edges and domain walls of a chiral p-wave superconductor and for the polar Kerr effect, a key signature of broken time-reversal symmetry, are discussed.
description: To appear in the proceedings of LT25 (Amsterdam, August 2008)