cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Blüten- und Bestäubungsvielfalt bei Sinningia (Gesneriaceae)
Creators: name: Chautems, Alain
name: Perret, Mathieu
name: Weber, Anton
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Die Familie der Gesneriaceae weist hinsichtlich Blütenformen, -farben, -größen und Bestäubungssyndromen eine enorme Vielfalt auf. Besonders interessant sind jene Fälle, bei denen sich innerhalb einer Gattung oder einer engen Verwandtschaftsgruppe verschiedene Bestäubungssyndrome und Anpassungen an bestimmte Tiergruppen herausdifferenziert haben – evolutionär gesehen also in einer relativ kurzen Zeit. Geradezu als Lehrbuchbeispiel kann diesbezüglich der neotropische Gattungskomplex Sinningia-Paliavana-Vanhouttea (Sinningia s. l.) gelten, in dem sich die Blüten in spezifischer Weise an die Bestäubung durch verschiedene Bienengruppen (Pracht- und andere Bienen), Schmetterlinge (Tagfalter), Nachtfalter, Vögel (Kolibris) und Fledermäuse angepasst haben. Molekular-phylogenetische Studien zeigen, dass die genannten Syndrome z. T. mehrfach und voneinander unabhängig entstanden sind.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Naturgartentipp – warum der Woll-Ziest nicht fehlen sollte
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Woll-Ziest (Stachys byzantina) ist eine robuste Gartenpflanze für sonnig-trockene Standorte. Die Staude ist eine wichtige Art für die Garten-Wollbiene (Anthidium manicatum), die wollige Pflanzenhaare für den Nestbau benötigt. Biologie der Garten-Wollbiene und ihr Bezug zum Woll-Ziest werden kurz vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Polarized and unpolarized Drell-Yan angular distribution in the helicity formalism
Creators: name: Boglione, M.
name: Melis, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a decomposition of the hadronic tensor for a general polarized Drell-Yan process AB --> l^+ l^- X in terms of helicity structure functions using the helicity axes of the dilepton rest frame as a basis. Next, we consider a QCD parton model and in the framework of a generalized QCD factorization scheme, which applies when the dilepton invariant mass M is much larger than the transverse component of the photon momentum, q_T, in the hadronic center of mass frame. In this approximation we compute the angular distribution of the unpolarized Drell Yan cross section and of the Sivers effect, in single polarized Drell-Yan scattering, by taking into account the transverse motion of partons inside the initial hadrons, k_\perp. Interesting and simple results are found in the kinematical region of k_\perp similar to q_T << M, to first order in a q_T / M expansion. Finally, explicit analytical expressions, convenient for phenomenological studies, are obtained assuming a factorized Gaussian dependence on intrinsic momenta for the unpolarized and Sivers distribution functions, in analogy to those obtained for semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering.
Wildlebende Arten im Palmengarten und im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt
Creators: name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: König, Andreas
name: Brude, Elke
name: Dühr, Klaus
name: Jakobus, Bernd
name: Roth, Peter
name: Hawickhorst, Gisela
name: Lotz-Winter, Hermine
name: Piepenbring, Meike
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Botanische Gärten sind struktur- und artenreiche städtische Lebensräume. Um eine umfassende Übersicht spontaner Artenvielfalt zu erhalten, wurden Nachweise wildlebender Arten im Palmengarten und im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt aus verschiedenen Quellen zusammengeführt und ausgewertet. Im Palmengarten sind bis jetzt 616, im Botanischen Garten 1897 wildlebende Arten bekannt, darunter auch zahlreiche Rote-Liste-Arten. Die Ergebnisse unterstreichen die Bedeutung der Gärten für die urbane Artenvielfalt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Insight into the correlation between lag time and aggregation rate in the kinetics of protein aggregation
Creators: name: Auer, Stefan
name: Kashchiev, Dimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Under favourable conditions, many proteins can assemble into macroscopically large aggregate's, Parkinson's and other neurological and systemic diseases. The overall process of protein aggregation is characterized by initial lag time during which no detectable aggregation occurs in the solution and by maximal aggregation rate at which the dissolved protein converts into aggregates. In this study, the correlation between the lag time and the maximal rate of protein aggregation is analyzed. It is found that the product of these two quantities depends on a single numerical parameter, the kinetic index of the curve quantifying the time evolution of the fraction of protein aggregated. As this index depends relatively little on the conditions and/or system studied, our finding provides insight into why for many experiments the values of the product of the lag time and the maximal aggregation rate are often equal or quite close to each other. It is shown how the kinetic index is related to a basic kinetic parameter of a recently proposed theory of protein aggregation.
title: Form and function in hillslope hydrology
title: in situ imaging and characterization of flow-relevant structures
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Jackisch, Conrad
name: Angermann, Lisa
name: Allroggen, Niklas
name: Sprenger, Matthias
name: Blume, Theresa
name: Tronicke, Jens
name: Zehe, Erwin
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: The study deals with the identification and characterization of rapid subsurface flow structures through pedo- and geo-physical measurements and irrigation experiments at the point, plot and hillslope scale. Our investigation of flow-relevant structures and hydrological responses refers to the general interplay of form and function, respectively. To obtain a holistic picture of the subsurface, a large set of different laboratory, exploratory and experimental methods was used at the different scales. For exploration these methods included drilled soil core profiles, in situ measurements of infiltration capacity and saturated hydraulic conductivity, and laboratory analyses of soil water retention and saturated hydraulic conductivity. The irrigation experiments at the plot scale were monitored through a combination of dye tracer, salt tracer, soil moisture dynamics, and 3-D time-lapse ground penetrating radar (GPR) methods. At the hillslope scale the subsurface was explored by a 3-D GPR survey. A natural storm event and an irrigation experiment were monitored by a dense network of soil moisture observations and a cascade of 2-D time-lapse GPR "trenches". We show that the shift between activated and non-activated state of the flow paths is needed to distinguish structures from overall heterogeneity. Pedo-physical analyses of point-scale samples are the basis for sub-scale structure inference. At the plot and hillslope scale 3-D and 2-D time-lapse GPR applications are successfully employed as non-invasive means to image subsurface response patterns and to identify flow-relevant paths. Tracer recovery and soil water responses from irrigation experiments deliver a consistent estimate of response velocities. The combined observation of form and function under active conditions provides the means to localize and characterize the structures (this study) and the hydrological processes (companion study Angermann et al., 2017, this issue).
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 665
Quantitative measurement of the surface charge density
Creators: name: Johann, Florian
name: Soergel, Elisabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method of measuring the charge density on dielectric surfaces. Similar to electrostatic force microscopy we record the electrostatic interaction between the probe and the sample surface, but at large tip-sample distances. For calibration we use a pyroelectric sample which allows us to alter the surface charge density by a known amount via a controlled temperature change. For proof of principle we determined the surface charge density under ambient conditions of ferroelectric lithium niobate.
title: Roadmap of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics
Creators: name: Young, Linda
name: Ueda, Kiyoshi
name: Gühr, Markus
name: Bucksbaum, Philip H.
name: Simon, Marc
name: Mukamel, Shaul
name: Rohringer, Nina
name: Prince, Kevin C.
name: Masciovecchio, Claudio
name: Meyer, Michael
name: Rudenko, Artem
name: Rolles, Daniel
name: Bostedt, Christoph
name: Fuchs, Matthias
name: Reis, David A.
name: Santra, Robin
name: Kapteyn, Henry
name: Murnane, Margaret
name: Ibrahim, Heide
name: Légaré, François
name: Vrakking, Marc
name: Isinger, Marcus
name: Kroon, David
name: Gisselbrecht, Mathieu
name: L'Huillier, Anne
name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
name: Leone, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) and table-top sources of x-rays based upon high harmonic generation (HHG) have revolutionized the field of ultrafast x-ray atomic and molecular physics, largely due to an explosive growth in capabilities in the past decade. XFELs now provide unprecedented intensity (1020 W cm−2) of x-rays at wavelengths down to ~1 Ångstrom, and HHG provides unprecedented time resolution (~50 attoseconds) and a correspondingly large coherent bandwidth at longer wavelengths. For context, timescales can be referenced to the Bohr orbital period in hydrogen atom of 150 attoseconds and the hydrogen-molecule vibrational period of 8 femtoseconds; wavelength scales can be referenced to the chemically significant carbon K-edge at a photon energy of ~280 eV (44 Ångstroms) and the bond length in methane of ~1 Ångstrom. With these modern x-ray sources one now has the ability to focus on individual atoms, even when embedded in a complex molecule, and view electronic and nuclear motion on their intrinsic scales (attoseconds and Ångstroms). These sources have enabled coherent diffractive imaging, where one can image non-crystalline objects in three dimensions on ultrafast timescales, potentially with atomic resolution. The unprecedented intensity available with XFELs has opened new fields of multiphoton and nonlinear x-ray physics where behavior of matter under extreme conditions can be explored. The unprecedented time resolution and pulse synchronization provided by HHG sources has kindled fundamental investigations of time delays in photoionization, charge migration in molecules, and dynamics near conical intersections that are foundational to AMO physics and chemistry. This roadmap coincides with the year when three new XFEL facilities, operating at Ångstrom wavelengths, opened for users (European XFEL, Swiss-FEL and PAL-FEL in Korea) almost doubling the present worldwide number of XFELs, and documents the remarkable progress in HHG capabilities since its discovery roughly 30 years ago, showcasing experiments in AMO physics and other applications. Here we capture the perspectives of 17 leading groups and organize the contributions into four categories: ultrafast molecular dynamics, multidimensional x-ray spectroscopies; high-intensity x-ray phenomena; attosecond x-ray science.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 668
Additional file 1 of The diagnostic value of EBV-DNA and EBV-related antibodies detection for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Liu, Weixing
name: Chen, Gui
name: Gong, Xin
name: Wang, Yingqi
name: Zheng, Yaoming
name: Liao, Xiao
name: Liao, Wenjing
name: Song, Lijuan
name: Xu, Jun
name: Zhang, Xiaowen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Forest plots of sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR, DOR for acoustic analysis of EBV-DNA, EA-IgA, VCA-IgA, EBNA1-IgA and Rta-IgG, and Funnel plots for publication bias test.
Analytic approach to perturbed Einstein ring with elliptical NFW lens model
Creators: name: Habara, Yuta
name: Yamamoto, Kazuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the validity of the approximate method to describe a strong gravitational lensing which was extended by Alard on the basis of a perturbative approach to an Einstein ring. Adopting an elliptical Navarro-Frenk-White (NFW) lens model, we demonstrate how the approximate method works, focusing on the shape of the image, the magnification, caustics, and the critical line. Simplicity of the approximate method enables us to investigate the lensing phenomena in an analytic way. We derive simple approximate formulas which characterise a lens system near the Einstein ring.
description: 31 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics D
title: Permafrost is warming at a global scale
Creators: name: Biskaborn, Boris K.
name: Smith, Sharon L.
name: Noetzli, Jeannette
name: Matthes, Heidrun
name: Vieira, Gonçalo
name: Streletskiy, Dmitry A.
name: Schoeneich, Philippe
name: Romanovsky, Vladimir E.
name: Lewkowicz, Antoni G.
name: Abramov, Andrey
name: Allard, Michel
name: Boike, Julia
name: Cable, William L.
name: Christiansen, Hanne H.
name: Delaloye, Reynald
name: Diekmann, Bernhard
name: Drozdov, Dmitry
name: Etzelmüller, Bernd
name: Große, Guido
name: Guglielmin, Mauro
name: Ingeman-Nielsen, Thomas
name: Isaksen, Ketil
name: Ishikawa, Mamoru
name: Johansson, Margareta
name: Joo, Anseok
name: Kaverin, Dmitry
name: Kholodov, Alexander
name: Konstantinov, Pavel
name: Kröger, Tim
name: Lambiel, Christophe
name: Lanckman, Jean-Pierre
name: Luo, Dongliang
name: Malkova, Galina
name: Meiklejohn, Ian
name: Moskalenko, Natalia
name: Oliva, Marc
name: Phillips, Marcia
name: Ramos, Miguel
name: Sannel, A. Britta K.
name: Sergeev, Dmitrii
name: Seybold, Cathy
name: Skryabin, Pavel
name: Vasiliev, Alexander
name: Wu, Qingbai
name: Yoshikawa, Kenji
name: Zheleznyak, Mikhail
name: Lantuit, Hugues
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: Permafrost warming has the potential to amplify global climate change, because when frozen sediments thaw it unlocks soil organic carbon. Yet to date, no globally consistent assessment of permafrost temperature change has been compiled. Here we use a global data set of permafrost temperature time series from the Global Terrestrial Network for Permafrost to evaluate temperature change across permafrost regions for the period since the International Polar Year (2007–2009). During the reference decade between 2007 and 2016, ground temperature near the depth of zero annual amplitude in the continuous permafrost zone increased by 0.39 ± 0.15 °C. Over the same period, discontinuous permafrost warmed by 0.20 ± 0.10 °C. Permafrost in mountains warmed by 0.19 ± 0.05 °C and in Antarctica by 0.37 ± 0.10 °C. Globally, permafrost temperature increased by 0.29 ± 0.12 °C. The observed trend follows the Arctic amplification of air temperature increase in the Northern Hemisphere. In the discontinuous zone, however, ground warming occurred due to increased snow thickness while air temperature remained statistically unchanged.
description: Postprints der Universität Potsdam : Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Reihe, 669
Characterizing the contaminating distance distribution for Bayesian supernova cosmology
Creators: name: Falck, Bridget L.
name: Riess, Adam G.
name: Hlozek, Renee
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the equation of state of dark energy from surveys of thousands of Type Ia Supernovae (SNe Ia) will be limited by spectroscopic follow-up and must therefore rely on photometric identification, increasing the chance that the sample is contaminated by Core Collapse Supernovae (CC SNe). Bayesian methods for supernova cosmology can remove contamination bias while maintaining high statistical precision but are sensitive to the choice of parameterization of the contaminating distance distribution. We use simulations to investigate the form of the contaminating distribution and its dependence on the absolute magnitudes, light curve shapes, colors, extinction, and redshifts of core collapse supernovae. We find that the CC luminosity function dominates the distance distribution function, but its shape is increasingly distorted as the redshift increases and more CC SNe fall below the survey magnitude limit. The shapes and colors of the CC light curves generally shift the distance distribution, and their effect on the CC distances is correlated. We compare the simulated distances to the first year results of the SDSS-II SN survey and find that the SDSS distance distributions can be reproduced with simulated CC SNe that are ~1 mag fainter than the standard Richardson et al. (2002) luminosity functions, which do not produce a good fit. To exploit the full power of the Bayesian parameter estimation method, parameterization of the contaminating distribution should be guided by the current knowledge of the CC luminosity functions, coupled with the effects of the survey selection and magnitude-limit, and allow for systematic shifts caused by the parameters of the distance fit.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Notes on chiral hydrodynamics within effective theory approach
Creators: name: Sadofyev, A. V.
name: Shevchenko, V. I.
name: Zakharov, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We address the issue of evaluating chiral effects (such as the newly discovered chiral separation) in hydrodynamic approximation. The main tool we use is effective theory which defines interaction in terms of chemical potentials $μ,μ_5$. In the lowest order in $μ,μ_5$ we reproduce recent results based on thermodynamic considerations. In higher orders the results depend on details of infrared cutoff. Another point of our interest is an alternative way of the anomaly matching through introduction of effective scalar fields arising in the hydrodynamic approximation.
Essays in operations management
Creators: name: Liao, Sha
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation addresses two topics in the domain of operations management. First we study a single utility’s optimal policies under the Renewable Portfolio Standard, which requires it to supply a certain percentage of its energy from renewable resources. The utility demonstrates its compliance by holding a sufficient amount of Renewable Energy Certificates (RECs) at the end of each year. The utility’s problem is formulated as a stochastic dynamic program. The problem of determining the optimal purchasing policies under stochastic demand is examined when two energy options, renewable or regular, are available, with different prices. Meanwhile, the utility can buy or sell RECs in any period before the end of the horizon in an outside REC market. Both the electricity prices and REC prices are stochastic. We find that the optimal trading policy in the REC market is a target interval policy. Sufficient conditions are obtained to show when it is optimal to purchase only one kind of renewable energy and regular energy, and others to show when it is optimal to purchase both of them. Explicit formulas are derived for the optimal purchasing quantities in each case. In the second essay, we examine the interaction between a buyer (Original Equipment Manufacturer, OEM) and his supplier during new product development. A “white box” relationship is assumed: the OEM designs the specification of the product and outsources the production to his supplier. The supplier may suggest potential specification problems. Our research is motivated by the fact that the supplier may detect potential specification problems, and one cannot take for granted that the supplier would inform the OEM. We solve an optimization problem from the perspective of the OEM. We first prove that it is strictly better for the OEM to design the contract so that the supplier will inform the OEM should she detect any flaws. Then we characterize the optimal solutions for the OEM. We also perform some sensitivity analysis at the end.
Nektarschluck im Flug
Creators: name: Wester, Petra
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Ein lange bestehendes Paradigma in der Bestäubungsbiologie war, dass neuweltliche Kolibris im Schwirrflug Nektar an Blüten trinken und altweltliche Vögel beim Blütenbesuch sitzen. Andererseits weiß man, dass Kolibris landen, wann immer möglich, und dass nektartrinkende Altweltvögel manchmal beim Blütenbesuch fliegen. Eine Übersicht über das Schwebverhalten und seine Häufigkeit bei nektartrinkenden Altweltvögeln gibt es jedoch nicht. Hier werden Beobachtungen über Schwebverhalten in 81 Arten aus 11 Familien von Altweltvögeln zusammengetragen. Schwebverhalten tritt häufiger auf als erwartet – in Bezug auf Vogelarten und Häufigkeit innerhalb der Arten. Begrenzende Faktoren für Schwebverhalten sind weder die geographische Verbreitung der Vogelarten, noch ihre Merkmale wie Größe und Gewicht, jedoch die Merkmale der Pflanzen. Bieten die Pflanzen keine oder nur unzureichende Sitzgelegenheiten, ist Schwebverhalten stärker angebracht oder sogar notwendig.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Wenn es im Frühling in unseren Wäldern bunt wird
Creators: name: Dörken, Veit
name: Steinecke, Hilke
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Im Gegensatz zu immergrünen tropischen Regenwäldern sind unsere heimischen sommergrünen Laubwälder durch eine Vielzahl an Frühlingsgeophyten geprägt, die bereits im Spätwinter austreiben und ihren jährlichen Lebenszyklus bereits zum Zeitpunkt des Laubaustriebs der Bäume abgeschlossen haben. Im Folgenden wird der Lebensbereich heimischer Laubwald und eine Auswahl an typischen Frühlingsgeophyten vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
The horizon-entropy increase law for causal and quasi-local horizons and conformal field redefinitions
Creators: name: Faraoni, Valerio
name: Nielsen, Alex B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explicitly prove the horizon-entropy increase law for both causal and quasi-locally defined horizons in scalar-tensor and $f(R)$ gravity theories. Contrary to causal event horizons, future outer trapping horizons are not conformally invariant and we provide a modification of trapping horizons to complete the proof, using the idea of generalised entropy. This modification means they are no longer foliated by marginally outer trapped surfaces but fixes the location of the horizon under a conformal transformation. We also discuss the behaviour of horizons in "veiled" general relativity and show, using this new definition, how to locate cosmological horizons in flat Minkowski space with varying units, which is physically identified with a spatially flat FLRW spacetime.
description: 23 pages
Sommerschnitt von Hortensien für eine Blütenbildung spät im Jahr
Creators: name: Heukemes, Dominik
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Hortensien sind beliebte Gartenpflanzen. Sie können unterschiedlich stark zurückgeschnitten werden, was ihren Wuchs sowie die Blütenbildung beeinflusst. Durch einen Rückschnitt im Sommer können Hortensien noch einmal im Herbst blühen. Bei der Wahl geeigneter nektarhaltiger Sorten mit fertilen Blüten wie Hydrangea paniculata ‘Levana’, ‘Great Star’ und ‘Vanille Fraise’ wird Insekten auch noch spät im Jahr eine willkommene Nahrungspflanze angeboten.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Wenn Bestäuber in die Klemmfalle geraten
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Schmidt, Marco
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Seidenpflanzen haben Blüten mit sogenannten Klemmfallen. Geraten Insekten in die schmalen Spalten, ziehen sie beim Herausreißen von Rüsseln oder Beinen Pollenpakete (Pollinien) mit aus der Blüte. Beim Besuch einer neuen Blüte bleiben diese Pollinien an den Narben hängen. Die Wirkweise der Klemmfallen von Asclepias syriaca wurde fotografisch dokumentiert.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
neue Bestäuberbeet im Botanischen Garten Frankfurt
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: König, Andreas
name: Moos, Thomas
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Im Botanischen Garten wurde im Jahr 2020 ein kleines Bestäuberbeet angelegt. Dazu gibt es Informationen zu verschiedenen Bestäubersyndromen. Ergänzend werden an ausgewählten Pflanzen im Garten Hinweise zu bestäubungsbiologischen Aspekten gegeben. Der Platz um das Bestäuberbeet ist mit Sitzgelegenheiten ausgestattet und kann von Gruppen als Grünes Klassenzimmer genutzt werden
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Screening of charged spheroidal colloidal particles
Creators: name: Alvarez, Carlos
name: Tellez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effective screened electrostatic potential created by a spheroidal colloidal particle immersed in an electrolyte, within the mean field approximation, using Poisson--Botzmann equation in its linear and nonlinear forms, and also beyond the mean field by means of Monte Carlo computer simulation. The anisotropic shape of the particle has a strong effect on the screened potential, even at large distances (compared to the Debye length) from it. To quantify this anisotropy effect, we focus our study on the dependence of the potential on the position of the observation point with respect with the orientation of the spheroidal particle. For several different boundary conditions (constant potential, or constant surface charge) we find that, at large distance, the potential is higher in the direction of the large axis of the spheroidal particle.
Schmetterlinge und Brennnesseln – Kinder im Vorschulalter entdecken die Nahrungsvorlieben einheimischer Schmetterlinge
Creators: name: Willführ, Melanie
name: Brunken, Ulrike
name: Hoede, Christina
name: Kamm, Katharina
name: Lehmann, Jutta
name: Pfaff, Ina
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Ein neues Bildungsangebot der Bildungseinrichtung „Kinder im Garten“ zum Thema Schmetterlinge wird vorgestellt: Anknüpfend an die Ausstellung zu tropischen Schmetterlingen wird der Nahrungsbedarf einheimischer Schmetterlingsraupen am Beispiel der Brennnessel mit den Kindern erforscht.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Integrating Resource Perception, Ecological Surveys, and Fisheries Statistics: A Review of the Fisheries in Zanzibar
Creators: name: Rehren, Jennifer
name: Samoilys, Melita
name: Reuter, Hauke
name: Jiddawi, Narriman
name: Wolff, Matthias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Most tropical small-scale fishing communities, like those of Zanzibar (Tanzania), strongly depend on fisheries resources for income and protein supply. Although imperative, the evaluation of fisheries performance indicators for adequate management is often challenging given the data-poor nature of most of these fisheries. This study reviews the current literature and integrates findings from annual fisheries statistics, the perceptions of fishers, and ecological surveys to provide a holistic understanding of the fisheries exploitation level in Zanzibar. Most reviewed studies focused on the perception of fishers and ecological surveys, and only a few conducted any form of fisheries assessment. While the perception of fishers suggests resource overexploitation, officially reported catch data rather suggest a state around full exploitation for most resources. Ecological surveys indicate overexploitation of several target fish stocks for the west coast of Unguja Island. This study indicates that the perception of fishers and aggregated catch statistics should not be used as the only source of information when assessing data-poor, multispecies fisheries. Furthermore, indicators from ecological surveys should be compared to reference points and related to fishing effort to inform fisheries managers better. The here used approach highlights that integrating local knowledge, fisheries-dependent and independent information helps to identify areas and taxonomic groups of highest concern and guides future research efforts toward contributing better information for the management of data-poor fisheries.
Gattung Capsicum: Chili, Paprika und ihre wilden Verwandten
Creators: name: Riering, Timo
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Chili und Paprika sind jedem als Früchte oder Gewürz bekannt, und immer mehr Menschen bauen die Pflanzen auch selbst an. Neben den tausenden Kultursorten sind die Wildarten der Gattung Capsicum bei uns hingegen wenig bekannt, doch bietet die Gattung einige sehr spannende Arten mit interessanten Verbreitungsmechanismen.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Naturkundliche Impressionen aus Peru (1. Teil) – Die Umgebung von Oxapampa, insbesondere der Nationalpark Yanachaga Chemillén
Creators: name: Gerlach, Günter
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Peru ist flächenmäßig nach Brasilien und Argentinien das drittgrößte Land in Südamerika, durch seine Äquatornähe beherbergt es weitgehend tropische Klimata. Durch die Anden und das Amazonische Tiefland ist es geografisch reich gegliedert. So weist es eine Vielzahl ökologischer Nischen auf, in denen sich eine extrem diverse Flora und Fauna entwickelt hat. Durch einen Langzeitaufenthalt war es dem Autor möglich, ausgiebige naturkundliche Studien in verschiedenen Gebieten unterschiedlicher Höhenlagen und somit unterschiedlichstem Klima zu betreiben. Diese werden in Fallbeispielen in lockerer Reihung nacheinander vorgestellt, wobei die faszinierende Bestäubungsbiologie der Pflanzen einen Schwerpunkt bildet. Forschungsbedingt werden hier nur humide Biotope aus verschiedenen Departements Perus vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
A Quantum Random Number Generator Certified by Value Indefiniteness
Creators: name: Abbott, Alastair A.
name: Calude, Cristian S.
name: Svozil, Karl
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a quantum random number generator (QRNG) which utilizes an entangled photon pair in a Bell singlet state, and is certified explicitly by value indefiniteness. While "true randomness" is a mathematical impossibility, the certification by value indefiniteness ensures the quantum random bits are incomputable in the strongest sense. This is the first QRNG setup in which a physical principle (Kochen-Specker value indefiniteness) guarantees that no single quantum bit produced can be classically computed (reproduced and validated), the mathematical form of bitwise physical unpredictability. The effects of various experimental imperfections are discussed in detail, particularly those related to detector efficiencies, context alignment and temporal correlations between bits. The analysis is to a large extent relevant for the construction of any QRNG based on beam-splitters. By measuring the two entangled photons in maximally misaligned contexts and utilizing the fact that two rather than one bitstring are obtained, more efficient and robust unbiasing techniques can be applied. A robust and efficient procedure based on XORing the bitstrings together---essentially using one as a one-time-pad for the other---is proposed to extract random bits in the presence of experimental imperfections, as well as a more efficient modification of the von Neumann procedure for the same task. Some open problems are also discussed.
description: 25 pages, 3 figures
Random Series of Trace Class Operators
Creators: name: Pisier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B09

description: In this lecture, we present some results on Gaussian (or Rademacher) random series of trace class operators, mainly due jointly with F. Lust-Piquard. We will emphasize the probabilistic reformulation of these results, as well as the open problems suggested by them. We start by a brief survey of what is known about the problem of characterizing a.s. convergent (Gaussian or Rademacher) series of random vectors in a Banach space. The main result presented here is that for certain pairs of Banach spaces $E,F$ that include Hilbert spaces (and type 2 spaces with the analytic UMD property), we have $$ R(E\hat\otimes F) =R(E)\hat\otimes F + E\hat\otimes R(F) $$ where $R(E)$ denotes the space of convergent Rademacher series with coefficients in $E$ and $E\hat\otimes F$ denotes the projective tensor product.
description: Proceedings Cuarto CLAPEM Mexico 1990. Text not widely available, so we decided to upload here
title: Neurotomies et Chirurgie Multisites des Membres inférieurs chez l’enfant Paralysé Cérébral
Creators: name: B. Dohin
name: B. Zagorda-Palandre
Publisher: name: Société Française d’Orthopédie Pédiatrique (SOFOP)
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: enfant
subject: paralysé
subject: cérébral

description: La question du traitement de la spasticité a été longtemps secondaire dans la prise en charge des troubles orthopédiques des enfants Paralysés Cérébraux (EPC). Deux raisons principales à cela : la première est une sous-estimation du rôle de la spasticité dans les troubles fonctionnels observés en particulier sur l’effet délétère de la spasticité sur la dynamique de la marche, la seconde est la focalisation orthopédique des troubles observés et la nature de la réponse chirurgicale possible : musculaire ou osseuse. De fait, il a fallu d’une part l’analyse des effets de la toxine botulinique (TB) en Analyse Quantifiée de la Marche (AQM) pour observer l’amélioration cinématique (voire l’amélioration cinétique) consécutive à l’administration de la TB et d’autre part l’observation clinique que la persistance de la spasticité était à l’origine de récidive des déformations et que l’effet d’un traitement neurochirurgical de spasticité améliorait le résultat de la chirurgie orthopédique
Edeldisteln, beliebte Insektennahrungspflanzen für den Garten
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Schmidt, Marco
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Edeldisteln (Eryngium) eignen sich gut für einen Naturgarten an sonnig-trockenen Standorten. Sie sind für viele Insekten eine beliebte Nektar- und Pollenpflanze. Einige Arten für den Garten, vor allem Eryngium giganteum, und ihre Bestäuber werden kurz vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
How autistic adults’ priorities for autism research differ by gender identity: A mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Harrop, Clare
name: Eddy, Genessa
name: Goldblum, Jessica
name: Putnam, Orla C
name: Swisher, Madison
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND: Recent studies suggest that the funding breakdown of autism research in the United States may not align with stakeholder priorities. Furthermore, the majority of stakeholder-engaged research involves parents of autistic individuals rather than autistic adults themselves, who may have differing perspectives on research and funding priorities. Women and non-binary adults have been historically underrepresented in autism research. OBJECTIVES: The goal of the current study was to examine the autism research priorities of a group of autistic adults, with a particular focus on how these priorities are influenced by one's gender identity. DESIGN: A concurrent mixed-methods design was used for this study. METHODS: Seventy-one autistic adults (n = 18 men, n = 29 women, n = 24 non-binary adults) completed an online survey regarding the current funding landscape for autism research. Participants ranked the main research topics of the Interagency Autism Coordinating Committee (IACC) and identified top-priority research areas through free-text responses. Response themes were analyzed using content analysis and compared with the existing topic rankings. RESULTS: Overall rankings of IACC research areas had a near inverse relationship with the amount of funding per research area. Main themes of stakeholder-generated research topics included "Characterization," "Societal Change," "Well-Being & Trauma," "Diagnosis & Healthcare," and "Accessibility & Services." There was a relatively high overlap between topics identified by the IACC and by the stakeholder-generated topics. Subtle but important differences in topics arose based on gender, with women and non-binary adults identifying topics that were not identified by autistic men. CONCLUSION: Unique priorities generated by those typically excluded from autism research development underscore the importance of co-creating research with underrepresented stakeholders impacted by this work. The current study echoes the growing movement in the field of autism research to center autistic perspectives at every stage of research, including the establishment of funding priorities.
Ultraviolett – die unsichtbare Seite der Blumen
Creators: name: Lunau, Klaus
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Blumen sind Kommunikationsstrukturen zwischen Blütenpflanzen und ihren Bestäubern. Dabei spielen visuelle Farbsignale eine herausragende Rolle. Da kein Bestäuber über ein dem Menschen ähnliches Farbsehsystem verfügt, beruht das Verstehen von Blumenfarben auf einer Analyse mit den Augen des betrachtenden Blütenbesuchers. Ultraviolettes Licht hat dabei eine Sonderstellung, da es für Menschen unsichtbar, für die meisten Blütenbesucher aber wahrnehmbar und eine von vielen Blüten ausgebildete Farbkomponente bildet. UV kann zu Kommunikation zwischen Blüte und Bestäuber entscheidend beitragen. UV- Muster auf Blüten schützen Pollen vor UV-Strahlung und sind gleichzeitig wegweisende Strukturen, mit deren Hilfe Blütenbesucher einen Landeplatz und eine Belohnung finden und gleichzeitig so manipuliert werden, dass die Übertragung von Pollen auf den Bestäuber oder von diesem auf die Narbe anderer Blüten wahrscheinlicher wird. Blütenfarbmuster, die durch Glanz erzeugt werden, können auf sichtbar glänzenden Nektar hinweisen oder diesen vortäuschen. Mit UV-Aufnahmen und Falschfarbenfotos in Bienensicht wird die Bedeutung ultravioletter Farbkomponenten auf Blüten deutlich gemacht.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Impact of Electrostatic Forces in Contact Mode Scanning Force Microscopy
Creators: name: Johann, F.
name: Hoffmann, Á.
name: Soergel, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this $\ll$ contribution we address the question to what extent surface charges affect contact-mode scanning force microscopy measurements. % We therefore designed samples where we could generate localized electric field distributions near the surface as and when required. % We performed a series of experiments where we varied the load of the tip, the stiffness of the cantilever and the hardness of the sample surface. % It turned out that only for soft cantilevers could an electrostatic interaction between tip and surface charges be detected, irrespective of the surface properties, i.\,e. basically regardless its hardness. % We explain these results through a model based on the alteration of the tip-sample potential by the additional electric field between charged tip and surface charges.
Duftende Ananaslilien – Blütenduft als Schlüsselmerkmal für die Anlockung bestäubender Kleinsäuger
Creators: name: Wester, Petra
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Die Blüten der südafrikanischen Ananaslilie Eucomis regia (Asparagaceae) werden von Mäusen und Rüsselspringern bestäubt. Alle zwölf Arten der Ananaslilien (Eucomis) gleichen sich in Bezug auf Form und Farbe ihrer Blütenstände und Blüten sowie im Vorhandensein von leicht zugänglichem Nektar. Schlüsselmerkmal zur Anlockung von Bestäubern ist der Blütenduft, der sich bei Aasfliegen-bestäubten und Wegwespen-bestäubten Eucomis-Arten sowie bei E. regia stark unterscheidet. Der Duft von E. regia und eine seiner Hauptkomponenten, das schwefelhaltige, nach gekochten Kartoffeln duftende Methional, wirkt anlockend auf Mäuse und Rüsselspringer.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
Moving Branes in Presence of the Background Tachyon Fields
Creators: name: Rezaei, Zahra
name: Kamani, Davoud
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the boundary state associated with a moving D$p$-brane in the presence of the open string tachyon field as a background field. The effect of the tachyon condensation on the boundary state will be discussed. It leads to a boundary state associated with a lower dimensional moving D-brane or a stationary instantonic D-brane. The former originates from condensation along the spatial directions and the latter comes from the temporal direction of the D-brane's worldvolume. Using the boundary state we also study the interaction amplitude between two arbitrary D$p_1$ and D$p_2$-branes. The long range behavior of the amplitude is investigated which shows an obvious deviation from the conventional form, due to the presence of the background tachyon field.
description: 12 pages, Latex, no figure
Partial conservation of seniority in nuclei
Creators: name: Van Isacker, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A review is given of the relation between pairing, quasi-spin algebras and seniority. The former two concepts are closely connected, the relation being that the quasi-spin formalism allows an efficient solution of the pairing problem. Seniority is of much wider applicability than either pairing or quasi-spin and applications can even be extended to encompass the notion of partial symmetry. A recent application of partial conservation of seniority and its importance for nuclear isomers is discussed.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures. Presented at the 17th Nuclear Physics Conference "Marie and Pierre Curie" on " Symmetry and Symmetry Breaking in Nuclear Physics", Kazimierz Dolny, 22-26 september 2010, Poland. Accepted for publication in International Journal of Modern Physics E
Towards a deeper understanding of modelling in information system analysis
Creators: name: Sun, Wei
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This dissertation defines modelling products in information system (IS) analysis in terms of IS analysis models. Motivated by better understanding these models, it identifies and solves some relevant issues, by method of studying relevant concepts and their connections, in the literature. This method is qualitative and requires our subjective interpretations. However, the utility of the research results have been extensively demonstrated. This dissertation consists of three studies. The first study focuses on concepts applicable to all types of IS analysis models. Previous views of modelling adopted in IS analysis suffer from being either generic for not tailored to the specific context of IS analysis, or limited in not applicable to the entire scope of IS analysis. To remediate, we propose a new view of modelling in IS analysis that is neither generic nor limited. We call it the generalized view. It can be used to distinguish IS analysis models from other models, to compare different types of IS analysis models, and to explain the representation and interpretation of IS analysis models. We apply it to compare two IS analysis models of an example project. The second study focuses on the connection among different types of IS analysis models. They were studied in different areas in isolation with inconsistent terminologies, hindering inter-area collaboration. To remediate, we propose another new view of modelling in IS analysis, to connect different types of IS analysis models in a comprehensive picture. We call it the consolidated view. It can be used to help stakeholders to determine whether two IS analysis modelling methods are substitutes or complements, to compare modelling methods that are substitutes, and to coordinate the use of multiple modelling methods that are complements. We apply it to evaluate and compare Gaia and Tropos, two agent-oriented modelling methods. The third study suggests how to apply the two views together to analyze modelling methods. It also discusses the differences and relationships between them in such applications. We apply them to analyze the GRAPPLE modelling method. Through the analysis, we test the generalizability of the two views, and identify and solve issues of GRAPPLE.
Tropische Falter im neuen Blüten- und Schmetterlingshaus des Palmengartens
Creators: name: Steinecke, Hilke
name: Schmidt, Marco
name: Hillenbrand, Justine
name: Becker, Alexander
name: Vaupel, Beate
Publisher: name: Der Palmengarten
Year: 2021

description: Das neu eröffnete Blüten- und Schmetterlingshaus ist eine große Attraktion im Palmengarten. Je nach Saison können hier mehrere Dutzend verschiedene Schmetterlingsarten beobachtet werden. Sie werden in Form von Puppen in Costa Rica aus nachhaltiger Zucht bestellt. Die Falter können je nach Nahrungsvorliebe an echten Nektarpflanzen, künstlichen Futterstellen oder Obstketten bei der Nahrungsaufnahme beobachtet werden. Für einige Arten werden auch Raupenfutterpflanzen angeboten. Die wichtigsten und regelmäßig gezeigten Arten werden kurz vorgestellt.
description: Der Palmengarten, Bd. 85 (2021)
An Artificial Immune System Model for Multi-Agents Resource Sharing in Distributed Environments
Creators: name: Chingtham, Tejbanta Singh
name: Sahoo, G.
name: Ghose, M. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Natural Immune system plays a vital role in the survival of the all living being. It provides a mechanism to defend itself from external predates making it consistent systems, capable of adapting itself for survival incase of changes. The human immune system has motivated scientists and engineers for finding powerful information processing algorithms that has solved complex engineering tasks. This paper explores one of the various possibilities for solving problem in a Multiagent scenario wherein multiple robots are deployed to achieve a goal collectively. The final goal is dependent on the performance of individual robot and its survival without having to lose its energy beyond a predetermined threshold value by deploying an evolutionary computational technique otherwise called the artificial immune system that imitates the biological immune system.