cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dietary shifts across biogeographic scales alter spatial subsidy dynamics
Creators: name: Ziegler, S.L.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Able, K.W.
Publisher: name: Wiley-Blackwell
Year: 2019

description: Over heterogeneous landscapes, organisms and energy move across ecological boundaries and this can have profound effects on overall ecosystem functioning. Both abiotic and biotic factors along habitat boundaries may facilitate or impede key species interactions that drive these energy flows—especially along the land–sea interface. We synthesized the literature detailing estuarine fish diets and habitat characteristics of salt marshes from U.S. East and Gulf coasts to determine patterns and drivers of cross-boundary trophic transfers at the land–sea interface. Notably, marsh-platform species (i.e., killifishes, fiddler crabs) appear virtually absent in the diets of transient estuarine fishes in the Gulf of Mexico, while along the South Atlantic and Mid-Atlantic Bights, marsh-platform species appear regularly in the diets of many transient estuarine fishes. Tidal amplitude varied across these three biogeographic regions and likely regulates the availability of marsh-platform species to transient estuarine fishes via both access to the marsh surface for marine predators and emergence of marsh-resident prey into the adjacent estuary (i.e., higher tidal amplitude increases predator–prey encounter rates). Surprisingly, marsh shoot density was positively correlated with the presence of marsh-platform species in the diet, but this pattern appears to be mediated by increased tidal amplitude, suggesting the mode and periodicity of abiotic cycles drive diet structure of transient estuarine fishes more so than local habitat structural complexity. Subsequently, these processes likely influence the degree to which “trophic relay” moves energy from the marsh toward the open estuary. Understanding the dynamics that determine energy flows, spatial subsidies, and ultimately, ecosystem-level productivity, is essential for implementation of holistic ecosystem-based approaches to conserve and manage complex landscape mosaics.
MISOLFA solar monitor for the ground PICARD program
Creators: name: Corbard, T.
name: Irbah, A.
name: Assus, P.
name: Dufour, C.
name: Fodil, M.
name: Morand, F.
name: Renaud, C.
name: Simon, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Developed at the Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur (OCA) within the framework of the PICARD space mission (Thuillier et al., 2006) and with support from the french spatial agency (CNES), MISOLFA (Moniteur d'Images Solaires Franco-Algérien) is a new generation of daytime turbulence monitor. Its objective is to measure both the spatial and temporal turbulence parameters in order to quantify their effects on the solar diameter measurements that will be made from ground using the qualification model of the SODISM (SOlar Diameter Imager and Surface Mapper) instrument onboard PICARD. The comparison of simultaneous images from ground and space should allow us, with the help of the solar monitor, to find the best procedure possible to measure solar diameter variations from ground on the long term. MISOLFA is now installed at the Calern facility of OCA and PICARD is scheduled to be launched in 2010. We present here the principles of the instrument and the first results obtained on the characteristics of the turbulence observed at Calern observatory using this monitor while waiting for the launch of the space mission.
description: 4 pages, 10 figures
Salt marsh shoreline geomorphology influences the success of restored oyster reefs and use by associated fauna
Creators: name: Brodeur, M.C.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Rodriguez, A.B.
name: Keller, D.A.
name: Ridge, J.T.
name: Yeager, L.A.
name: Kenworthy, M.D.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Inc.
Year: 2019

description: Restoration is increasingly implemented as a strategy to mitigate global declines in biogenic habitats, such as salt marshes and oyster reefs. Restoration efforts could be improved if we knew how site characteristics at landscape scales affect the ecological success of these foundation species. In this study, we determined how salt marsh shoreline geomorphologies (e.g. with variable hydrodynamic energy, fetch, erosion rates, and slopes) affect the success of restored intertidal oyster reefs, as well as how fauna utilize restored reefs and forage along marsh habitats. We constructed oyster reefs along three marsh shoreline geomorphologies in May 2012: 1) “creek” (small-fetch, gradual-sloped shoreline), “ramp” (large-fetch, gradual-sloped shoreline), and “scarp” (large-fetch, steep-sloped shoreline). Following recruitment, oyster spat density was greatest on ramp reefs; however, 2 years later, the highest adult oyster densities were found on creek reefs. Total nekton and blue crab catch rates in trawl nets were highest in the creek, while piscivore catch rates in gill nets were highest along the scarp shoreline. We found no difference in predation on snails in the salt marsh behind constructed reef and nonconstructed reference sites, but there were more snails consumed in the creek shoreline, which corresponded with the distribution of their major predator—blue crabs. We conclude that oyster reef construction was most successful for oysters in small-fetch, gradual-sloped, creek environments. However, nekton abundance did not always follow the same trends as oyster density, which could suggest constructed reefs may offer similar habitat-related functions (prey availability and refuge) already present along existing salt marsh borders.
On the depth r Bernstein projector
Creators: name: Bezrukavnikov, Roman
name: Kazhdan, David
name: Varshavsky, Yakov
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we prove an explicit formula for the Bernstein projector to representations of depth at most r. As a consequence, we show that the depth zero Bernstein projector is supported on topologically unipotent elements and it is equal to the restriction of the character of the Steinberg representation. As another application, we deduce that the depth r Bernstein projector is stable. Moreover, for integral depths our proof is purely local.
description: 42 pages, a grant acknowledgement is changed
Probing the evolutionary dynamics of whole-body regeneration within planarian flatworms -transcriptomes
Creators: name: Farré, Miquel Vila
name: Rink, Jochen C.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: keywords: evolution of regeneration; planaria, planarian diversity; transcriptomes

description: Transcriptomes used in the preprint "Probing the evolutionary dynamics of whole-body regeneration within planarian flatworms". https://doi.org/10.1101/2022.12.19.520916
Central Bank Policy: Some First Principles
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The acceptance by central banks in many countries of the importance of controlling inflation and the failure of previous central bank practices in several countries to reduce inflation had renewed interest by central banks in the technical aspects of monetary policy. The most recent expression is the statement by the Chancellor of the Exchequer in March 1980.1 Like earlier statements issued by central banks and governments in Europe and North America, the Chancellor's statement is not entirely clear about the principles of monetary control, so it is useful to restate some of the main principles.
Trait sensitivities to seagrass fragmentation across spatial scales shape benthic community structure
Creators: name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Yeager, L.A.
name: Geyer, J.K.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: The structure of local ecological communities is thought to be determined by a series of hierarchical abiotic and biotic filters which select for or against species based on their traits. Many human impacts, like fragmentation, serve to alter environmental conditions across a range of spatial scales and may impact trait–environment interactions. We examined the effects of environmental variation associated with habitat fragmentation of seagrass habitat measured from microhabitat to landscape scales in controlling the taxonomic and trait-based community structure of benthic fauna. We measured patterns in species abundance and biomass of seagrass epifauna and infauna sampled using sediment cores from 86 sites (across 21 meadows) in Back Sound, North Carolina, USA. We related local faunal community structure to environmental variation measured at three spatial scales (microhabitat, patch and landscape). Additionally, we tested the value of species traits in predicting species-specific responses to habitat fragmentation across scales. While univariate measures of faunal communities (i.e. total density, biomass and species richness) were positively related to microhabitat-scale seagrass biomass only, overall community structure was predicted by environmental variation at the microhabitat, patch (i.e. patch size) and landscape (i.e. number of patches, landscape seagrass area) scales. Furthermore, fourth-corner analysis revealed that species traits explained as much variation in organismal densities as species identity. For example, species with planktonic-dispersing larvae and deposit-feeding trophic modes were more abundant in contiguous, high seagrass cover landscapes while suspension feeders favoured more fragmented landscapes. We present quantitative evidence supporting hierarchal models of community assembly which predict that interactions between species traits and environmental variation across scales ultimately drive local community composition. Variable responses of individual traits to multiple environmental variables suggest that community assembly processes that act on species via traits related to dispersal, mobility and trophic mode will be altered under habitat fragmentation. Additionally, with increasing global temperatures, the tropical seagrass Halodule wrightii is predicted to replace the temperate Zostera marina as the dominate seagrass in our study region, therefore potentially favouring species with planktonic-dispersing larva and weakening the strength of environmental control on community assembly.
The impact of ATLAS $V$+jet measurements on PDF fits
Creators: name: Conroy, Eimear
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of $W$/$Z$-bosons in association with jets is an important test of perturbative QCD predictions and also yields information about the parton distribution functions of the proton. We present fits to determine PDFs using inclusive $W$/$Z$-boson and $W$/$Z$+jets measurements from the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. The ATLAS measurements are used in combination with deep-inelastic scattering data from HERA. An improved determination of the sea-quark densities at high Bjorken-$x$ is seen, while confirming a strange-quark density similar in size to the up- and down-sea-quark densities in the range $x<0.02$ found by previous ATLAS analyses.
Additional file 1 of Contributions of the life expectancy gap reduction between urban and rural areas to the increase in overall life expectancy in South Korea from 2000 to 2019
Creators: name: Kim, Ikhan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Supplementary Table S1. List of categories and corresponding ICD-10 codes of the WHO International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems, 10th revision (ICD-10) mortality tabulation list. Supplementary Table S2. Distribution of population density according to urban and rural definitions in 2007 and 2017: Data from the Korean Statistical Information Services. Supplementary Table S3. Population and deaths by age group according to urban and rural classifications in 2000, 2010, and 2019: Data from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men. Supplementary Table S4. Population and deaths by age group according to urban and rural classification in 2000, 2010, and 2019: Data from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Women. Supplementary Table S5. Point estimate and 95% uncertainty interval of the contour decomposition analysis at the starting point of each decennial period: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men and women. Supplementary Table S6. Point estimate and 95% uncertainty interval of the contour decomposition analysis of changes in life expectancy at birth for each period: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men and women. Supplementary Table S7. Point estimate and 95% uncertainty interval of contour decomposition analysis at the endpoint of each decennial period: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men, and women. Supplementary Figure S1. Annual trends of life expectancy by degree of urbanization in Korea, 2000–2019: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Service, Men and women (A) Annual trends of life expectancy by degree of urbanization, men (B) Annual trends of life expectancy by degree of urbanization, women. Supplementary Figure S2. Age- and cause-specific contribution to the life expectancy (LE) gap between small-to-middle urban areas (SMUAs) and rural areas (RAs) in 2000–2009 and 2010–2019: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men and women. Supplementary Figure S3. Age- and cause-specific contribution to the life expectancy (LE) gap between large urban areas (LUAs) and rural areas (RAs) reclassified according to population density in 2000–2009 and 2010–2019: Findings from the Korean Statistical Information Services, Men and women.
Additional file 1 of The Ephrin tyrosine kinase a3 (EphA3) is a novel mediator of RAGE-prompted motility of breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Talia, Marianna
name: Cirillo, Francesca
name: Spinelli, Asia
name: Zicarelli, Azzurra
name: Scordamaglia, Domenica
name: Muglia, Lucia
name: De Rosis, Salvatore
name: Rigiracciolo, Damiano Cosimo
name: Filippelli, Gianfranco
name: Perrotta, Ida Daniela
name: Davoli, Mariano
name: De Rosa, Rosanna
name: Macirella, Rachele
name: Brunelli, Elvira
name: Miglietta, Anna Maria
name: Nardo, Bruno
name: Tosoni, Daniela
name: Pece, Salvatore
name: De Francesco, Ernestina Marianna
name: Belfiore, Antonino
name: Maggiolini, Marcello
name: Lappano, Rosamaria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Up-regulated genes (log2FC ≥ 0.5, p < 0.05) in MCF7/RAGE respect to MCF7/wt cells from RNA-seq.
title: Journeys to identity : why care records matter
Creators: name: Brown, Laura
name: Grimm, David
name: Clunie, Gregor
Publisher: name: Strathprints - University of Strathclyde
Year: 2020

description: Care experienced people often find themselves applying for their care records in search of answers — to address gaps and inconsistencies in the knowledge they hold about their childhoods and personal development, which may in turn affect their broader senses of self. This article, written from our own lived experiences, provides a commentary on a system of writing, accessing and reading records which is not aligned to the circumstances and purposes of care experienced people and which indeed frequently disempowers and (re-)traumatises. We share our experiences of applying for and reading our records, as an adoptee and as a care experienced person. We also draw on the discussions and experiences of a Who Cares? Scotland care records campaign group. This commentary reveals the power imbalance at the heart of record keeping where the rights to memory, identity, and childhood are effectively questioned. It also makes suggestions for future practice. It asks for a complete rethinking of how care records are regarded by professionals and the sector, advocating for a shift in power as regards the production and control of information and a significant improvement in the care offered to those of us who choose to access it.
Movement ecology of a mobile predatory fish reveals limited habitat linkages within a temperate estuarine seascape
Creators: name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Peterson, C.H.
name: Layman, C.A.
name: Keller, D.A.
name: Kenworthy, M.D.
name: Powers, S.P.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Sherwood, G.D.
name: Grabowski, J.H.
Publisher: name: Canadian Science Publishing
Year: 2018

description: Large predatory fishes, capable of traveling great distances, can facilitate energy flow linkages among spatially separated habitat patches via extended foraging behaviors over expansive areas. Here, we tested this concept by tracking the movement of a large mobile estuarine fish, red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus). Specifically, we addressed the following two questions: (i) What are the spatial and temporal patterns of red drum movement (rates of dispersal) and activity space? (ii) Does red drum movement facilitate linkages among estuarine marsh complexes? Dispersal from the release location was greatest during the first 2 weeks at liberty before declining to less than 0.5 km·week–1 for the remainder of the study. Activity space initially increased rapidly before reaching an asymptote at 2.5 km2 2 weeks postrelease. Connectivity indices calculated among marsh complexes corroborated these observations, suggesting high residency and limited seascape-scale linkages via red drum movement behaviors. These data highlight potential within-estuary spatial structure for mobile fishes and could inform subsequent efforts to track energy flows in coastal food webs, predict the footprint of local habitat restoration benefits, and enhance the design of survey regimes to quantify overall population demography.
Spectra of Neutron Wave Functions in Earth's Gravitational Field
Creators: name: Suda, Martin
name: Faber, Manfried
name: Bosina, Joachim
name: Jenke, Tobias
name: Käding, Christian
name: Micko, Jakob
name: Pitschmann, Mario
name: Abele, Hartmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time evolution of a quantum wave packet in the linear gravity potential is known as Quantum Bouncing Ball. The qBounce collaboration recently observed such a system by dropping wave packets of ultracold neutrons by a height of roughly 30 microns. In this article, space and momentum spectra as well as Wigner functions of the neutron wave functions in the gravitational field of the Earth are analyzed. We investigate the quantum states in the "preparation region", into which they transition after exiting a narrow double-mirror system and where we would expect to observe free fall and bounces in classical physics. For this, we start from the stationary solutions and eigenvalues of the Schrödinger equation in terms of Airy functions and their zeros. Subsequently, we examine space and momentum distributions as well as Wigner functions in phase space for pure and mixed quantum states. The eventual influence of Yukawa-like forces for small distances of several micrometers from the mirror is included through first order perturbation calculations. Those allow us to study the resulting modifications of space and momentum distributions, and phase space functions.
description: 24 pages, 43 figures
Homologous recombination deficiency in triple-negative breast cancer: Multi-scale transcriptomics reveals distinct tumor microenvironments and limitations in predicting immunotherapy response
Creators: name: Kang, Kai
name: Wu, Yijun
name: Han, Chang
name: Wang, Li
name: Wang, Zhile
name: Zhao, Ailin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Genomics and transcriptomics

description: Source codes and data used to generate the results of this study.
Additional file 2 of The Ephrin tyrosine kinase a3 (EphA3) is a novel mediator of RAGE-prompted motility of breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Talia, Marianna
name: Cirillo, Francesca
name: Spinelli, Asia
name: Zicarelli, Azzurra
name: Scordamaglia, Domenica
name: Muglia, Lucia
name: De Rosis, Salvatore
name: Rigiracciolo, Damiano Cosimo
name: Filippelli, Gianfranco
name: Perrotta, Ida Daniela
name: Davoli, Mariano
name: De Rosa, Rosanna
name: Macirella, Rachele
name: Brunelli, Elvira
name: Miglietta, Anna Maria
name: Nardo, Bruno
name: Tosoni, Daniela
name: Pece, Salvatore
name: De Francesco, Ernestina Marianna
name: Belfiore, Antonino
name: Maggiolini, Marcello
name: Lappano, Rosamaria
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 2: Down-regulated genes (log2FC ≤ -0.5, p < 0.05) in MCF7/RAGE respect to MCF7/wt cells from RNA-seq.
Chance Constrained Knapsack Problem with Random Item Sizes
Creators: name: Goyal, Vineet
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider a stochastic knapsack problem where each item has a known profit but a random size.
The goal is to select a profit maximizing set of items such that the probability of the total size of selected
items exceeding the knapsack size is at most a given threshold. This problem finds applications in capital
investment problems where a set of projects needs to be selected from the available pool of projects to
invest a given amount of capital. The investment requirement for each project is typically uncertain in
the selection phase and is known only after it has been selected and started.

We present an FPTAS for the case when each item size is normally distributed and independent of
other items. We present a parametric LP formulation and show that it is a good approximation of the
chance-constrained stochastic knapsack problem. Furthermore, we give a polynomial time algorithm to
round any fractional solution of the parametric LP to obtain an integral solution whose profit is within
(1 + ∈)-factor of the objective value of the fractional solution for any ∈ > 0.
Quantifying estuarine-scale invertebrate larval connectivity: Methodological and ecological insights
Creators: name: Kroll, I.R.
name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Puckett, B.J.
name: Eggleston, D.B.
name: Poray, A.K.
Publisher: name: Wiley Blackwell
Year: 2018

description: The early life history of many marine organisms includes a dispersive planktonic larval phase which allows for the exchange of individuals among subpopulations. Knowledge of the degree of exchange, or connectivity, is critical to understanding the abundance and distribution of marine populations. Here, we applied geochemical tagging to assess estuarine-scale larval connectivity among subpopulations of the commercially and ecologically important eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. To generate an “atlas” of geochemical signatures associated with spawning sites and potential dispersal pathways from spawning sites, we outplanted recently spawned oyster larvae to stationary moorings and surface drifters, respectively. Using the atlases generated from both outplant methods, we predicted natal origin, and thus larval connectivity, for newly settled oysters (spat) during three field trials over two summers (June 2013, June 2014, and August 2014), within three regions (∼ 35 km × 15 km quadrants) of Pamlico Sound, North Carolina, U.S.A. Patterns of larval connectivity varied both between months and annually but were predominately directed south to north following wind patterns. Predicted self-recruitment was variable, as up to 100% of spat in a given region displayed signatures consistent with natal origin within that same region. Predicted connectivity patterns varied significantly based on atlases generated from outplanting on stationary moorings vs. surface drifters. For example, drifter-predicted connectivity followed biophysical larval dispersal models more closely than mooring-predicted connectivity, while mooring-predicted connectivity displayed a higher diversity in larval sources. Both connectivity models highlight the need for resource management strategies such as reserve networks to incorporate designs that account for inherent variability in dispersal pathways.
Effect of Sn-substitution on Thermoelectric Properties of Copper-based Sulfide, Famatinite Cu3SbS4
Creators: name: Goto, Yosuke
name: Sakai, Yuki
name: Kamihara, Yoichi
name: Matoba, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Copper-based sulfide is an attractive material for Earth-abundant thermoelectrics. In this study, we demonstrate the effect of Sn-substitution on the electrical and thermal transport properties of fematinite Cu3SbS4 from 300 to 573 K. The carrier concentration is controlled in the range from 4 \times 10^18 to 8 \times 10^20 cm^-3 by Sn-substitution. The density-of-states effective mass is found to be ~3.0 me, assuming the single parabolic band model. The direct-type optical band gap is ~0.9 eV, which is consistent with the density functional theory calculation. The dimensionless figure of merit reaches 0.1 for Sn-doped samples at 573 K.
description: 19 pages, 8 figures in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. (2015)
Humble planar defects in SiGe nanopillars
Creators: name: Yang, Hongbin
name: Ren, Shang
name: Singh, Sobhit
name: Turner, Emily M.
name: Jones, Kevin S.
name: Batson, Philip E.
name: Vanderbilt, David
name: Garfunkel, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new \{001\} planar defect found in SiGe nanopillars. The defect structure, determined by atomic resolution electron microscopy, matches the Humble defect model proposed for diamond. We also investigated several possible variants of the Humble structure using first principles calculations and found that the one lowest in energy was also in best agreement with the STEM images. The pillar composition has been analyzed with electron energy loss spectroscopy, which hints at how the defect is formed. Our results show that the structure and formation process of defects in nanostructured group IV semiconductors can be different from their bulk counterparts.
Millimetre Wave Kinetic Inductance Parametric Amplification using Ridge Gap Waveguide
Creators: name: Banys, Danielius
name: McCulloch, Mark Anthony
name: Sweetnam, Thomas
name: Gilles, Valerio
name: Piccirillo, Lucio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the design and simulation methodology of a superconducting ridge-gap waveguide (RGWG) as a potential basis for mm-wave kinetic inductance travelling wave parametric amplifiers (KI-TWPAs). A superconducting RGWG was designed using Ansys HFSS to support a quasi-TEM mode of transmission over a bandwidth of 20 to 120 GHz with its internal dimensions optimised for integration with W-band rectangular waveguide. A design of an impedance loaded travelling wave structure incorporating periodic perturbations of the ridge was described. A method to simulate the nonlinear kinetic inductance via user-defined components in Keysight's ADS was outlined, which yielded the power dependent S-parameters and parametric signal gain. A RGWG with a 30 nm NbTiN coating and 5 um conductor spacing, corresponding to a kinetic inductance fraction $α\sim 60\%$ was used for the description of a KI-TWPA with 900 perturbations equivalent to a physical length 25 cm that achieved more than 10 dB of signal gain over a 75--110 GHz bandwidth via 4-wave mixing (4WM).
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted to the 19th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD19) Proceedings
Deep Network Approximation in Terms of Intrinsic Parameters
Creators: name: Shen, Zuowei
name: Yang, Haizhao
name: Zhang, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: One of the arguments to explain the success of deep learning is the powerful approximation capacity of deep neural networks. Such capacity is generally accompanied by the explosive growth of the number of parameters, which, in turn, leads to high computational costs. It is of great interest to ask whether we can achieve successful deep learning with a small number of learnable parameters adapting to the target function. From an approximation perspective, this paper shows that the number of parameters that need to be learned can be significantly smaller than people typically expect. First, we theoretically design ReLU networks with a few learnable parameters to achieve an attractive approximation. We prove by construction that, for any Lipschitz continuous function $f$ on $[0,1]^d$ with a Lipschitz constant $λ>0$, a ReLU network with $n+2$ intrinsic parameters (those depending on $f$) can approximate $f$ with an exponentially small error $5λ\sqrt{d}\,2^{-n}$. Such a result is generalized to generic continuous functions. Furthermore, we show that the idea of learning a small number of parameters to achieve a good approximation can be numerically observed. We conduct several experiments to verify that training a small part of parameters can also achieve good results for classification problems if other parameters are pre-specified or pre-trained from a related problem.
Additional file 1 of How clinicians discuss patients’ donor registrations of consent and presumed consent in donor conversations in an opt-out system: a qualitative embedded multiple-case study
Creators: name: van Oosterhout, Sanne P. C.
name: van der Niet, Anneke G.
name: Abdo, W. Farid
name: Boenink, Marianne
name: Cherpanath, Thomas G. V.
name: Epker, Jelle L.
name: Kotsopoulos, Angela M.
name: van Mook, Walther N. K. A.
name: Sonneveld, Hans P. C.
name: Volbeda, Meint
name: Olthuis, Gert
name: van Gurp, Jelle L. P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: Additional file 1. The Quality Standard for Donation. The Quality Standard for Donation is described and explained in this additional file. Additional file 2. Topic list for clinician interviews. In this additional file, the topic list for the clinician interviews is reported. Additional file 3. Coding scheme for (presumed) consent cases and supplementary interviews with clinicians. The coding scheme for (presumed) consent cases and supplementary interviews with clinicians is reported in Additional file 3. Additional file 4. Consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative studies (COREQ): 32-item checklist. This additional file shows the COREQ checklist. Additional file 5. Characteristics of cases of organ and tissue donor conversations (n=15), patients (n=15) and clinicians (n=16) in an opt-out system. Additional file 5 informs about the characteristics of included cases (family donor conversations, patients and clinicians) in the Dutch opt-out system.
Theories of Accounting: Evolution & Developments, Income-Determination and Diversities in Use
Creators: name: Unegbu, Angus O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Accounting frameworks follow stipulations of existing Accounting Theories. This exploratory research sets out to trace the evolution of accounting theories of Charge and Discharge Syndrome and the Corollary of Double Entry. Furthermore, it dives into the theories of Income Determination, garnishing it with areas of diversities in the use of Accounting Information while review of theories of recent growths and developments in Accounting are not left out. The method of research adopted is exploratory review of existing accounting literature. It is observed that the emergence of these theories exist to minimize fraud, errors, misappropriations and pilfering of Corporate assets. It is recommended that implementation prescriptions of these theories by International Financial Reporting Standard Committee and Practicing Accountants should be adhered to and simplified so as to avoid confusing and scandalous reporting of financial statements
description: Keywords: Review of Accounting Theories, Financial Reporting, Corporate Reports, Financial Statements, Developments in Accounting
Čtení o open access
Creators: name: Stupavská, Libuše
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: open access
gold open access
green open access
scholarly communication

description: Přehled zajímavých článků, které vyšly v nedávné době a věnují se tématům spojeným s otevřeným přístupem. Tento materiál vznikl v rámci činností Týdne otevřeného přístupu 2020 na Lékařské fakultě v Plzni UK.
Combining Equity and Utilitarianism in a Mathematical Programming Model
Creators: name: Hooker, John N.
name: H P Williams
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We discuss the problem of combining the conflicting objectives of equity and utilitarianism,
for social policy making, in a single mathematical programming model. The
definition of equity we use is the Rawlsian one of maximising the minimum utility over
individuals or classes of individuals. However, when the disparity of utility becomes
too great, the objective becomes progressively utilitarian. Such a model is particularly
applicable to health provision although also applicable in other areas. The building of
such a model raises technical issues, as the combined objective is not only non-convex,
but its epigraph is not MIP representable in its initial form. A method of making it MIP
representable is given. We also show that the resultant integer programming model is
“sharp” in the sense that its linear programming relaxation describes the convex hull
of the feasible set (before extra resource allocation or policy constraints are added).
Living on the Edge: Increasing Patch Size Enhances the Resilience and Community Development of a Restored Salt Marsh
Creators: name: Fodrie, F.J.
name: Kenworthy, M.D.
name: Zhang, Y.S.
name: Baillie, C.J.
name: Gittman, R.K.
name: Ridge, J.T.
name: Keller, D.A.
name: Morton, J.P.
name: Currin, C.A.
name: Brodeur, M.C.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2018

description: Foundation species regulate communities by reducing environmental stress and providing habitat for other species. Successful restoration of biogenic habitats often depends on restoring foundation species at appropriate spatial scales within a suitable range of environmental conditions. An improved understanding of the relationship between restoration scale and environmental conditions has the potential to improve restoration outcomes for many biogenic habitats. Here, we identified and tested whether inundation/exposure stress and spatial scale (patch size) can interactively determine (1) survival and growth of a foundation species, Spartina alterniflora and (2) recruitment of supported fauna. We planted S. alterniflora and artificial mimics in large and small patches at elevations above and below local mean sea level (LMSL) and monitored plant survivorship and production, as well as faunal recruitment. In the first growing season, S. alterniflora plant survivorship and stem densities were greater above LMSL than below LMSL regardless of patch size, while stem height was greatest in small patches below LMSL. By the third growing season, S. alterniflora patch expansion was greater above LMSL than below LMSL, while stem densities were higher in large patches than small patches, regardless of location relative to LMSL. Unlike S. alterniflora, which was more productive above LMSL, sessile marine biota recruitment to mimic plants was higher in patches below LMSL than above LMSL. Our results highlight an ecological tradeoff at ~LMSL between foundation species restoration and faunal recruitment. Increasing patch size as inundation increases may offset this tradeoff and enhance resilience of restored marshes to sea-level rise.
Nature of Interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya Interactions in Graphene/Co/Pt(111) Multilayer Heterostructures
Creators: name: Blanco-Rey, M.
name: Bihlmayer, G.
name: Arnau, A.
name: Cerda, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: DFT calculations within the generalized Bloch theorem approach show that interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions (DMI) at both interfaces of Graphene/Co$_n$/Pt(111) multilayer heterostructures are decoupled for $n \geq 3$. Unlike the property of magnetocrystalline anisotropy for this system, DMI is not affected by stacking defects in the Co layer. The effect of Graphene (Gr) is to invert the chirality of the vaccum/Co interfacial DMI, overall reducing the DMI of the heterostructure, which is nevertheless dominated by the strong spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of Pt. A spectral analysis in the reciprocal space shows that DMI at both the Gr/Co and Co/Pt interfaces have the same nature, namely SOC-split hybrid bands of $d$-orbital character. This proves that a DMI model based on a single band, such the Rashba DMI model, is insuficient to describe the behaviour of this family of Gr-capped $3d/5d$ metal heterostructures.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Comment on "Blend of Fiscal and Monetary Policies" by Richard Musgrave
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: If Professor Musgrave had not stated his position so clearly, lay task would be more difficult; our disagreements would be less obvious, and I would be left in the position of the discussant who must reply by saying, "Yes, but ..." Fortunately, Musgrave has put forward a clear and able statement of his views — views that are shared by many others in the academic profession and are so widely held within government that an alternative view is hard to find there« At one point in his paper, Musgrave notes that the late Eisenhower and the early Kennedy administration advocated the same mix of policies to achieve growth and stability* Apparently, there is the beginning of a political consensus«
Bayesian Overconfidence
Creators: name: Healy, Paul J.
name: Moore, Don A.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study three distinct measures of overconfidence: (1) overestimation of
one's performance, (2) overplacement of one's performance relative to others,
and (3) overprecision in one's belief about private signals. A new set of experiments verifies a strong negative link between overestimation and overprecision
that depends crucially on task difficulty (the `hard-easy' effect). We present
a simple Bayesian model in which agents are uncertain about the underlying
task difficulty. This model correctly predicts the observed regularities. Thus,
we capture several observed patterns of overconfidence without assuming any
implicit behavioral biases.
Critical exponents and intrinsic broadening of the field-induced transition in NiCl$_2$$\cdot$4SC(NH$_2$)$_2$
Creators: name: Wulf, E.
name: Hüvonen, D.
name: Schönemann, R.
name: Kühne, H.
name: Herrmannsdörfer, T.
name: Glavatskyy, I.
name: Gerischer, S.
name: Kiefer, K.
name: Gvasaliya, S.
name: Zheludev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field-induced ordering transition in the quantum spin system NiCl$_2$$\cdot$4SC(NH$_2$)$_2$ is studied by means of neutron diffraction, AC magnetometry and relaxation calorimetry. The interpretation of the data is strongly influenced by a finite distribution of transition fields in the samples, which was present but disregarded in previous studies. Taking this effect into account, we find that the order-parameter critical exponent is inconsistent with the BEC universality class even at temperatures below 100 mK. All results are discussed in comparison with previous measurements and with recent similar studies of disordered Ni(Cl$_{1-x}$Br$_x$)$_2$$\cdot$4SC(NH$_2$)$_2$.
Can Monetary Disequilibrium be Eliminated?
Creators: name: Meltzer, Allan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We are indebted to Professors Greenfield and Yeager for their continuing attention to fundamental aspects of monetary theory. Their work forces each of us to consider or reconsider such basic issues as the role of money, the conditions for existence of a price level, limits to the role of government in the monetary process, and the costs of achieving the social benefits provided by a monetary system.
Anomalous chiral transport with vorticity and torsion: Cancellation of two mixed gravitational anomaly currents in rotating chiral $p+ip$ Weyl condensates
Creators: name: Nissinen, J.
name: Volovik, G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic gravitational anomalies lead to anomalous transport coefficients that can be activated at finite temperature in condensed matter systems with gapless fermions. The chiral vortical effect (CVE) is an anomalous chiral current along a rotation axis, expressed in terms of a gravimagnetic field and a gravitational anomaly. Another one, the chiral torsional effect (CTE), arises from hydrodynamically independent frame fields and connection. We discuss the relation of CVE, CTE and gravitational anomalies for relativistic fermions from the perspective of torsion and the Nieh-Yan anomaly. The DC transport coefficients of the two anomalies are found to be closely related depending whether or not torsion is non-zero in the hydrodynamics. The relativistic anomaly from torsion is well defined if instead of an ultraviolet divergent term, the chemical potential or temperature enter. The anomaly term is 2nd order in gradients and contributes in linear response for CTE, implying also the same for CVE. As an example, we consider chiral $p+ip$ Weyl superfluids/conductors. At low-energies, the system is effectively relativistic along a special anisotropy axis. The hydrodynamics is governed by two velocities, normal velocity $\boldsymbol{v}_n$ and superfluid velocity $\boldsymbol{v}_s$. The two anomalies follow from the normal component rotation and the dependence of the momentum density on the superfluid velocity (order parameter). In the CVE the chiral current is produced by solid body rotation of the normal component with (angular) velocity $\boldsymbol{v}_n= \boldsymbolΩ\times \boldsymbol{r}$. In the CTE, a chiral current is produced the vorticity $\nabla \times \boldsymbol{v}_s$, which in the low-energy effective theory is torsion. In equilibrium, $\langle\langle \nabla \times \boldsymbol{v_s}\rangle\rangle= 2\boldsymbolΩ$ on average and the two anomaly currents cancel.
description: 12 pages
Additional file 1 of Aerosol therapy in adult critically ill patients: a consensus statement regarding aerosol administration strategies during various modes of respiratory support
Creators: name: Li, Jie
name: Liu, Kai
name: Lyu, Shan
name: Jing, Guoqiang
name: Dai, Bing
name: Dhand, Rajiv
name: Lin, Hui-Ling
name: Pelosi, Paolo
name: Berlinski, Ariel
name: Rello, Jordi
name: Torres, Antoni
name: Luyt, Charles-Edouard
name: Michotte, Jean-Bernard
name: Lu, Qin
name: Reychler, Gregory
name: Vecellio, Laurent
name: de Andrade, Armèle Dornelas
name: Rouby, Jean-Jacques
name: Fink, James B.
name: Ehrmann, Stephan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Appendix 1–11.
Approximate Fitting of a Circular Arc When Two Points Are Known
Creators: name: Gribov, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The task of approximating points with circular arcs is performed in many applications, such as polyline compression, noise filtering, and feature recognition. However, the development of algorithms that perform a significant amount of circular arcs fitting requires an efficient way of fitting circular arcs with complexity O(1). The elegant solution to this task based on an eigenvector problem for a square nonsymmetrical matrix is described in [1]. For the compression algorithm described in [2], it is necessary to solve this task when two points on the arc are known. This paper describes a different approach to efficiently fitting the arcs and solves the task when one or two points are known.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, extended abstract published at the conference