cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Noncommutative $D=5$ Chern-Simons Gravity: Kaluza-Klein Reduction and Chiral Gravitational Anomaly
Creators: name: Đorđević, Dušan
name: Gočanin, Dragoljub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Actions for noncommutative (NC) gauge field theories can be expanded perturbatively in powers of the noncommutativity parameter $θ$ using the Seiberg-Witten map between ordinary classical fields and their NC counterparts. The leading order term represents classical ($θ=0$) action while higher-order terms give us $θ$-dependent NC corrections that ought to capture some aspects of quantum gravity. Building on previous work of Aschieri and Castellani on NC Chern-Simons (CS) gauge and gravity theories, showing that non-trivial $θ$-dependence exists only for spacetime dimensions $D\geq 5$, we investigate a correlated effect of these extra spatial dimensions and noncommutativity on four-dimensional physics, up to first-order in $θ$. Assuming that one spatial dimension is compactified into a circle, we apply the Kaluza-Klein reduction procedure on the NC $D=5$ CS theory for the conformal gauge group $SO(4,2)$, to obtain an effective, $θ$-dependent four-dimensional theory of gravity that has Einstein-Hilbert gravity with negative cosmological constant as its commutative limit. We derive field equations for this modified theory of gravity and study the effect of NC interactions on some classical geometries, such as the AdS-Schwarzschild black hole. We find that this NC background spacetime gives rise to chiral gravitational anomaly due to the nonvanishing $θ$-dependent Pontryagin density.
description: 13 pages + appendix; augmented by additional comments, typos corrected, references added; corresponds to the published version
Moiré dispersion of edge states in spin chains on superconductors
Creators: name: Mier, Cristina
name: Choi, Deung-Jang
name: Lorente, Nicolás
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our calculations of ferromagnetic spin chains on s-wave superconductors show that the energy oscillations of edge states with the chain's length are due to a moiré pattern emerging from Friedel-like oscillations and the discreteness of the spin-chain lattice. By modifying the spin lattice, the moiré dispersion of edge states can be controlled. In particular, we can engineer non-dispersive edge states that remain at fixed energy regardless of the size distribution of the spin chains. This is an important step in the study of edge states of spin chains that can be fabricated with a certain size dispersion.
SSCU-Net: Spatial-Spectral Collaborative Unmixing Network for Hyperspectral Images
Creators: name: Qi, Lin
name: Gao, Feng
name: Dong, Junyu
name: Gao, Xinbo
name: Du, Qian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Linear spectral unmixing is an essential technique in hyperspectral image processing and interpretation. In recent years, deep learning-based approaches have shown great promise in hyperspectral unmixing, in particular, unsupervised unmixing methods based on autoencoder networks are a recent trend. The autoencoder model, which automatically learns low-dimensional representations (abundances) and reconstructs data with their corresponding bases (endmembers), has achieved superior performance in hyperspectral unmixing. In this article, we explore the effective utilization of spatial and spectral information in autoencoder-based unmixing networks. Important findings on the use of spatial and spectral information in the autoencoder framework are discussed. Inspired by these findings, we propose a spatial-spectral collaborative unmixing network, called SSCU-Net, which learns a spatial autoencoder network and a spectral autoencoder network in an end-to-end manner to more effectively improve the unmixing performance. SSCU-Net is a two-stream deep network and shares an alternating architecture, where the two autoencoder networks are efficiently trained in a collaborative way for estimation of endmembers and abundances. Meanwhile, we propose a new spatial autoencoder network by introducing a superpixel segmentation method based on abundance information, which greatly facilitates the employment of spatial information and improves the accuracy of unmixing network. Moreover, extensive ablation studies are carried out to investigate the performance gain of SSCU-Net. Experimental results on both synthetic and real hyperspectral data sets illustrate the effectiveness and competitiveness of the proposed SSCU-Net compared with several state-of-the-art hyperspectral unmixing methods.
description: IEEE TGRS 2022
Unsupervised Learning Based Focal Stack Camera Depth Estimation
Creators: name: Huang, Zhengyu
name: Du, Weizhi
name: Norris, Theodore B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an unsupervised deep learning based method to estimate depth from focal stack camera images. On the NYU-v2 dataset, our method achieves much better depth estimation accuracy compared to single-image based methods.
The GALAH Survey: A New Sample of Extremely Metal-Poor Stars Using A Machine Learning Classification Algorithm
Creators: name: Hughes, Arvind C. N.
name: Spitler, Lee R.
name: Zucker, Daniel B.
name: Nordlander, Thomas
name: Simpson, Jeffrey
name: Da Costa, Gary S.
name: Ting, Yuan-Sen
name: Li, Chengyuan
name: Bland-Hawthorn, Joss
name: Buder, Sven
name: Casey, Andrew R.
name: De Silva, Gayandhi M.
name: D'Orazi, Valentina
name: Freeman, Ken C.
name: Hayden, Michael R.
name: Kos, Janez
name: Lewis, Geraint F.
name: Lin, Jane
name: Lind, Karin
name: Martell, Sarah L.
name: Schlesinger, Katharine J.
name: Sharma, Sanjib
name: Zwitter, Tomaz
name: Collaboration, The GALAH
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extremely Metal-Poor (EMP) stars provide a valuable probe of early chemical enrichment in the Milky Way. Here we leverage a large sample of $\sim600,000$ high-resolution stellar spectra from the GALAH survey plus a machine learning algorithm to find 54 candidates with estimated [Fe/H]~$\leq$~-3.0, 6 of which have [Fe/H]~$\leq$~-3.5. Our sample includes $\sim 20 \%$ main sequence EMP candidates, unusually high for \emp surveys. We find the magnitude-limited metallicity distribution function of our sample is consistent with previous work that used more complex selection criteria. The method we present has significant potential for application to the next generation of massive stellar spectroscopic surveys, which will expand the available spectroscopic data well into the millions of stars.
description: 27 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ, candidate table available at this https://github.com/arvhug/GALAH---TSNE_EMP
Anterograde delivery of Rab10 organelles regulates the sorting of internalised TrkB for retrograde axonal transport
Creators: name: Lazo, Oscar Marcelo
name: Schiavo, Giampietro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: BDNF
Rab10
Axonal transport
Endosomes
TrkB
FENS

description: Poster presented in the FENS Forum 2022 (conference of the Federation of European Neuroscience Societies) on Saturday 9th July 2022, session 01, #436. Further details can be found in the full article: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.04.07.438771
Enhancement of giant magnetoelectric effect in Ni-doped CaBaCo$_{4}$O$_{7}$
Creators: name: Gen, M.
name: Miyake, A.
name: Yagiuchi, H.
name: Watanabe, Y.
name: Ikeda, A.
name: Matsuda, Y. H.
name: Tokunaga, M.
name: Arima, T.
name: Tokunaga, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The polar magnet CaBaCo$_{4}$O$_{7}$ is known to exhibit the largest magnetic-field-driven electric polarization change ($ΔP$) associated with an antiferromagnetic (AFM)-ferrimagnetic (FIM) transition in a narrow temperature range between 62 and 69 K. In this work, we investigate the effect of Ni doping on its multiferroic properties, by means of magnetization, electric polarization, dielectric constant, and magnetostriction measurements on single crystals of CaBaCo$_{3.9}$Ni$_{0.1}$O$_{7}$ up to 50 T. In the doped material, two kinds of AFM phases appear below 78 K, accompanying negative $ΔP$. Upon the application of a magnetic field along any crystallographic axis, giant positive $ΔP$ of up to $11 \sim 12$ mC/m$^{2}$ is observed along with an AFM-FIM transition in the whole temperature range below 78 K. The giant magnetoelectric effect inherent in CaBaCo$_{4}$O$_{7}$ can be further enhanced just by a small amount of chemical substitution, in terms of (i) increasing the magnitude of $ΔP$ and (ii) expanding the temperature range in which giant $ΔP$ appears.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, SM: 3 pages, 3 figures
Characterization of a CdZnTe detector for a low-power CubeSat application
Creators: name: Lucchetta, Giulio
name: Ackermann, Markus
name: Berge, David
name: Bloch, Ingo
name: Bühler, Rolf
name: Kolanoski, Hermann
name: Lange, Wolfgang
name: Zappon, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report spectral and imaging performance of a pixelated CdZnTe detector custom designed for the \emph{MeVCube} project: a small Compton telescope on a CubeSat platform. \emph{MeVCube} is expected to cover the energy range between $200\;\mathrm{keV}$ and $4\;\mathrm{MeV}$, with performance comparable to the last generation of larger satellites. In order to achieve this goal, an energy resolution of few percent in full width at half maximum (FWHM) and a $3$-D spatial resolution of few millimeters for the individual detectors are needed. The severe power constraints present in small satellites require very low power read-out electronics for the detector. Our read-out is based on the VATA450.3 ASIC developed by \emph{Ideas}, with a power consumption of only $0.25\;\mathrm{mW/channel}$, which exhibits good performance in terms of dynamic range, noise and linearity. A $2.0\;\mathrm{cm} \times 2.0\;\mathrm{cm} \times 1.5\;\mathrm{cm}$ CdZnTe detector, with a custom $8 \times 8$ pixel anode structure read-out by a VATA450.3 ASIC, has been tested. A preliminary read-out system for the cathode, based on a discrete \emph{Amptek} A250F charge sensitive pre-amplifier and a DRS4 ASIC, has been implemented. An energy resolution around $3\%$ FWHM has been measured at a gamma energy of $662\;\mathrm{keV}$; at $200\;\mathrm{keV}$ the average energy resolution is $6.5\%$, decreasing to $\lesssim 2\%$ at energies above $1\;\mathrm{MeV}$. A $3$-D spatial resolution of $\approx 2\,\mathrm{mm}$ is achieved.
description: Accpted for publication in JINST
Introducing the MeVCube concept: a CubeSat for MeV observations
Creators: name: Lucchetta, Giulio
name: Ackermann, Markus
name: Berge, David
name: Bühler, Rolf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the impressive progress achieved both by X-ray and gamma-ray observatories in the last few decades, the energy range between $\sim200\;\mathrm{keV}$ and $\sim50\;\mathrm{MeV}$ remains poorly explored. COMPTEL, on-board the Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory (CGRO, $1991$-$2000$), opened the MeV gamma-ray band as a new window to astronomy, performing the first all-sky survey in the energy range from $0.75$ to $30\;\mathrm{MeV}$. More than $20$ years after the de-orbit of CGRO, no successor mission is yet operating. Over the past years many concepts have been proposed, for new observatories exploring different configurations and imaging techniques; a selection of the most recent ones includes AMEGO, ETCC, GECCO and COSI. We propose here a novel concept for a Compton telescope based on the CubeSat standard, named MeVCube, with the advantages of small cost and relatively short development time. The scientific payload is based on two layers of pixelated Cadmium-Zinc-Telluride (CdZnTe) detectors, coupled with low-power read-out electronics (ASIC, VATA450.3). The performance of the read-out electronics and CdZnTe custom designed detectors have been measured extensively at DESY. The performance of the telescope is accessed through simulations: despite a small effective area limited to a few $\mathrm{cm}^{2}$, MeVCube can reach an angular resolution of $1.5^{\circ}$ and a sensitivity comparable to the one achieved by the last generation of large-scale satellites like COMPTEL and INTEGRAL. Combined with a large field-of-view and a moderate cost, MeVCube can be a powerful instrument for transient observations and searches of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave events.
description: Accepted for publication in JCAP
Mutual information in changing environments: non-linear interactions, out-of-equilibrium systems, and continuously-varying diffusivities
Creators: name: Nicoletti, Giorgio
name: Busiello, Daniel Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Biochemistry, ecology, and neuroscience are examples of prominent fields aiming at describing interacting systems that exhibit non-trivial couplings to complex, ever-changing environments. We have recently shown that linear interactions and a switching environment are encoded separately in the mutual information of the overall system. Here, we first generalize these findings to a broad class of non-linear interacting models. We find that a new term in the mutual information appears, quantifying the interplay between non-linear interactions and environmental changes, and leading to either constructive or destructive information interference. Furthermore, we show that a higher mutual information emerges in out-of-equilibrium environments with respect to an equilibrium scenario. Finally, we generalize our framework to the case of continuously varying environments. We find that environmental changes can be mapped exactly into an effective spatially-varying diffusion coefficient, shedding light on modeling and information structure of biophysical systems in inhomogeneous media.
On the Interaction Between Electromagnetic, Gravitational, and Plasma Related Perturbations on LRS Class II Spacetimes
Creators: name: Semrén, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate electromagnetic, gravitational, and plasma related perturbations to first order on homogeneous and hypersurface orthogonal locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) class II spacetimes. Due to the anisotropic nature of the studied backgrounds, we are able to include a non-zero magnetic field to zeroth order. As a result of this inclusion, we find interesting interactions between the electromagnetic and gravitational variables already to first order in the perturbations. The equations governing these perturbations are found by using the Ricci identities, the Bianchi identities, Einstein's field equations, Maxwell's equations, particle conservation, and a form of energy-momentum conservation for the plasma components. Using a $1+1+2$ covariant split of spacetime, the studied quantities and equations are decomposed with respect to the preferred directions on the background spacetimes. After linearizing the decomposed equations around a LRS background, performing a harmonic decomposition, and imposing the cold magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) limit with a finite electrical resistivity, the system is then reduced to a set of ordinary differential equations in time and some constraints. On solving for some of the harmonic coefficients in terms of the others, the system is found to decouple into two closed and independent subsectors. Through numerical calculations, we then observe some mechanisms for generating magnetic field perturbations, showing some traits similar to previous works using FLRW backgrounds. Furthermore, beat-like patterns are observed in the short wave length limit due to interference between gravitational waves and plasmonic modes.
description: 30 pages, 4 figures
Radio-frequency manipulation of state populations in an entangled fluorine-muon-fluorine system
Creators: name: Billington, David
name: Riordan, Edward
name: Salman, Majdi
name: Margineda, Daniel
name: Gill, George J. W.
name: Cottrell, Stephen P.
name: McKenzie, Iain
name: Lancaster, Tom
name: Graf, Michael J.
name: Giblin, Sean R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entangled spin states are created by implanting muons into single crystal LiY0.95Ho0.05F4 to form a cluster of correlated, dipole-coupled local magnetic moments. The resulting states have well-defined energy levels allowing experimental manipulation of the state populations by electromagnetic excitation. Experimental control of the evolution of the muon spin polarization is demonstrated through application of continuous, radio-frequency magnetic excitation fields. A semiclassical model of quantum, dipole-coupled spins interacting with a classical, oscillating magnetic field accounts for the muon spin evolution. On application of the excitation field, this model shows how changes in the state populations lead to the experimentally observed effects, thus enabling a spectroscopic probe of entangled spin states with muons.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures (Supplemental material included)
Beyond the Screen: Uneven Geographies, Digital Labour, and the City of Cognitive-Cultural Capitalism
Creators: name: Mahmoudi, Dillon
name: Levenda, Anthony
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2017
Subjects: digital labor
cognitive-cultural capitalism
circulation
third-wave urbanization
urban political ecology
digital ICT infrastructure
data centers

description: Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Austria License.
description: In this paper, we demonstrate that an examination of the socio-environmental impacts of
digital Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) remains a fruitless enterprise without “materializing”
digital labour. We suggest a two-part approach to materializing digital labour: first, connecting
political economic analyses of digital ICTs to the co-evolution and geography of planetary urbanization
and technological change, and second, examining the relationships between immaterial, digital
labour and the material industrial production system. In the context of broad changes in technology,
social life, and urbanization, many scholars have theorized a shift towards a third phase of capitalism,
beyond mercantilism and industrialism, based in immaterial, digital, and cognitive labour. We introduce
the literature on cognitive-cultural capitalism and third-wave urbanization as markers of contemporary
capitalism, producing uneven socio-spatial arrangements across the global-urban system. Synthesis
of media and communication studies and political economies of urbanization suggests that both capital
accumulation and the social lives of (planetary) urban residents are increasingly mediated and
structured by online, digital ICT platforms. We show that digital ICTs are sophisticated manipulations
of nature that require and illuminate new ways of thinking about digital labour, and more broadly, of
immaterial labour. We suggest that the immaterial labour associated with digital ICTs is actually material
labour responsible for increasing the velocity of capital circulation, as a moment of production and
an appendage of the growing complexity of third-phase capitalist industry and urbanization. The materiality
of cognitive, cultural, and symbolic labour reaches beyond the city, invades the lifeworlds of a
planet of urban residents, and excretes concrete, silicon, bits, servers, and energy waste producing an
urban landscape beyond the city. Through an examination of data centres, we show the necessary
relationship between the third-wave urbanization and its planetary reach into rural, pristine Oregon.
Data centres in Oregon and the broader Pacific Northwest highlight the uneven geography of “clean”
digital labour focused in large urban technopoles; the potentially harmful, material, and socioenvironmental
impacts of data centres in rural areas; and the necessary and dialectic relationship
between the two for cognitive-cultural capitalism. We argue that third-wave urbanization, and the concurrent
and co-produced technological advancement in digital ICTs and digital
description: https://www.triple-c.at/index.php/tripleC/article/view/699
Dynamics of a parametrized dark energy model in $f(R,T)$ gravity
Creators: name: Singh, J. K.
name: Singh, Akanksha
name: Goswami, G. K.
name: Jena, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a flat FLRW-model in $f(R,T)$-gravity, which includes the quadratic variation in scalar curvature $R$ and the linear term of the trace of the stress-energy tensor $T$. In turn, we establish the model has the behaviour of the late time Universe, which is accelerated expanding and ends up in a big rip. Using the parametrization of scale factor $a(t)$, we propose a model, which begins with point-type singularity, i.e., the model starts with a point of zero volume, infinite energy density and infinite temperature. The model's behaviour is accelerated expanding at present and $Λ$CDM in late times. Finally, the proposed model behaves like a quintessence dark energy model in the present time and is consistent with standard cosmology $Λ$CDM in late times.
description: 15 pages, 20 figures
Structured Covariance Matrix Estimation for Noise-Type Radars
Creators: name: Luong, David
name: Balaji, Bhashyam
name: Rajan, Sreeraman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard noise radars, as well as noise-type radars such as quantum two-mode squeezing radar, are characterized by a covariance matrix with a very specific structure. This matrix has four independent parameters: the amplitude of the received signal, the amplitude of the internal signal used for matched filtering, the correlation between the two signals, and the relative phase between them. In this paper, we derive estimators for these four parameters using two techniques. The first is based on minimizing the Frobenius norm between the structured covariance matrix and the sample covariance matrix; the second is maximum likelihood parameter estimation. The two techniques yield the same estimators. We then give probability density functions (PDFs) for all four estimators. Because some of these PDFs are quite complicated, we also provide approximate PDFs. Finally, we apply our results to the problem of target detection and derive expressions for the receiver operating characteristic curves of two different noise radar detectors.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Structural properties of local integrals of motion across the many-body localization transition via a fast and efficient method for their construction
Creators: name: Adami, S.
name: Amini, M.
name: Soltani, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many-body localization (MBL) is a novel prototype of ergodicity breaking due to the emergence of local integrals of motion (LIOMs) in a disordered interacting quantum system. To better understand the role played by the existence of such macroscopically LIOMs, we explore and study some of their structural properties across the MBL transition. We first, consider a one-dimensional XXZ spin chain in a disordered magnetic field and introduce and implement a non-perturbative, fast, and accurate method of constructing LIOMs. In contrast to already existing methods, our scheme allows obtaining LIOMs not only in the deep MBL phase but rather, near the transition point too. Then, we take the matrix representation of LIOM operators as an adjacency matrix of a directed graph whose elements describe the connectivity of ordered eigenbasis in the Hilbert-space. Our cluster size analysis for this graph shows that the MBL transition coincides with a percolation transition in the Hilbert-space. By performing finite-size scaling, we compare the critical disorder and correlation exponent $ν$ both in the presence and absence of interaction. Finally, we also discuss how the distribution of diagonal elements of LIOM operators in a typical cluster signals the transition.
The first- and second-order magneto-optical effects and intrinsically anomalous transport in 2D van der Waals layered magnets CrXY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = Cl, Br, I)
Creators: name: Yang, Xiuxian
name: Yang, Ping
name: Zhou, Xiaodong
name: Feng, Wanxiang
name: Yao, Yugui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, the two-dimensional magnetic semiconductor CrSBr has attracted considerable attention due to its excellent air-stable property and high magnetic critical temperature. Here, we systematically investigate the electronic structure, magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy, first-order magneto-optical effects (Kerr and Faraday effects) and second-order magneto-optical effects (Schafer-Hubert and Voigt effects) as well as intrinsically anomalous transport properties (anomalous Hall, anomalous Nernst, and anomalous thermal Hall effects) of two-dimensional van der Waals layered magnets CrXY (X = S, Se, Te; Y = Cl, Br, I) by using the first-principles calculations. Our results show that monolayer and bilayer CrXY (X = S, Se) are narrow band gap semiconductors, whereas monolayer and bilayer CrTeY are multi-band metals. The magnetic ground states of bilayer CrXY and the easy magnetization axis of monolayer and bilayer CrXY are confirmed by the magnetocrystalline anisotropy energy calculations. Utilizing magnetic group theory analysis, the first-order magneto-optical effects as well as anomalous Hall, anomalous Nernst, and anomalous thermal Hall effects are identified to exist in ferromagnetic state with out-of-plane magnetization. The second-order magneto-optical effects are not restricted by the above symmetry requirements, and therefore can arise in ferromagnetic and antiferromagnetic states with in-plane magnetization. The calculated results are compared with the available theoretical and experimental data of other two-dimensional magnets and some conventional ferromagnets. The present work reveals that monolayer and bilayer CrXY with superior magneto-optical responses and anomalous transport properties provide an excellent material platform for the promising applications of magneto-optical devices, spintronics, and spin caloritronics.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures
Quantum Compressive Sensing: Mathematical Machinery, Quantum Algorithms, and Quantum Circuitry
Creators: name: Sherbert, Kyle
name: Naimipour, Naveed
name: Safavi, Haleh
name: Shaw, Harry
name: Soltanalian, Mojtaba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Compressive sensing is a sensing protocol that facilitates reconstruction of large signals from relatively few measurements by exploiting known structures of signals of interest, typically manifested as signal sparsity. Compressive sensing's vast repertoire of applications in areas such as communications and image reconstruction stems from the traditional approach of utilizing non-linear optimization to exploit the sparsity assumption by selecting the lowest-weight (i.e. maximum sparsity) signal consistent with all acquired measurements. Recent efforts in the literature consider instead a data-driven approach, training tensor networks to learn the structure of signals of interest. The trained tensor network is updated to "project" its state onto one consistent with the measurements taken, and is then sampled site by site to "guess" the original signal. In this paper, we take advantage of this computing protocol by formulating an alternative "quantum" protocol, in which the state of the tensor network is a quantum state over a set of entangled qubits. Accordingly, we present the associated algorithms and quantum circuits required to implement the training, projection, and sampling steps on a quantum computer. We supplement our theoretical results by simulating the proposed circuits with a small, qualitative model of LIDAR imaging of earth forests. Our results indicate that a quantum, data-driven approach to compressive sensing, may have significant promise as quantum technology continues to make new leaps.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, submitted to the Quantum journal
Attention Mechanism in Neural Networks: Where it Comes and Where it Goes
Creators: name: Soydaner, Derya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A long time ago in the machine learning literature, the idea of incorporating a mechanism inspired by the human visual system into neural networks was introduced. This idea is named the attention mechanism, and it has gone through a long development period. Today, many works have been devoted to this idea in a variety of tasks. Remarkable performance has recently been demonstrated. The goal of this paper is to provide an overview from the early work on searching for ways to implement attention idea with neural networks until the recent trends. This review emphasizes the important milestones during this progress regarding different tasks. By this way, this study aims to provide a road map for researchers to explore the current development and get inspired for novel approaches beyond the attention.
Machine Learning-Based GPS Multipath Detection Method Using Dual Antennas
Creators: name: Kim, Sanghyun
name: Byun, Jungyun
name: Park, Kwansik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: In urban areas, global navigation satellite system (GNSS) signals are often reflected or blocked by buildings, thus resulting in large positioning errors. In this study, we proposed a machine learning approach for global positioning system (GPS) multipath detection that uses dual antennas. A machine learning model that could classify GPS signal reception conditions was trained with several GPS measurements selected as suggested features. We applied five features for machine learning, including a feature obtained from the dual antennas, and evaluated the classification performance of the model, after applying four machine learning algorithms: gradient boosting decision tree (GBDT), random forest, decision tree, and K-nearest neighbor (KNN). It was found that a classification accuracy of 82%-96% was achieved when the test data set was collected at the same locations as those of the training data set. However, when the test data set was collected at locations different from those of the training data, a classification accuracy of 44%-77% was obtained.
description: Submitted to ASCC 2022
A Falsificationist Account of Artificial Neural Networks
Creators: name: Buchholz, Oliver
name: Raidl, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning operates at the intersection of statistics and computer science. This raises the question as to its underlying methodology. While much emphasis has been put on the close link between the process of learning from data and induction, the falsificationist component of machine learning has received minor attention. In this paper, we argue that the idea of falsification is central to the methodology of machine learning. It is commonly thought that machine learning algorithms infer general prediction rules from past observations. This is akin to a statistical procedure by which estimates are obtained from a sample of data. But machine learning algorithms can also be described as choosing one prediction rule from an entire class of functions. In particular, the algorithm that determines the weights of an artificial neural network operates by empirical risk minimization and rejects prediction rules that lack empirical adequacy. It also exhibits a behavior of implicit regularization that pushes hypothesis choice toward simpler prediction rules. We argue that taking both aspects together gives rise to a falsificationist account of artificial neural networks.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
Daptonema xyaliforme Lorenzen 1977
Creators: name: Khudhir, Manda
name: Hodda, Mike
name: Nicholas, Evelyn
name: Campbell, Jennifer
name: Nicholas, Warwick L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Daptonema
Daptonema xyaliforme

description: Daptonema xyaliforme (Wieser & Hopper, 1967) Lorenzen, 1977
Clyde River Estuary, NSW. Littoral Mud substrate. Mangrove host plant. 13 males; 7 females; 2 juveniles. Date unrecorded.
description: Published as part of Khudhir, Manda, Hodda, Mike, Nicholas, Evelyn, Campbell, Jennifer & Nicholas, Warwick L., 2023, A catalogue of the nematode slide collection from the late W. L. Nicholas held at National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 5388 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5388.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10390008
Federated Channel Learning for Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces With Fewer Pilot Signals
Creators: name: Elbir, Ahmet M.
name: Coleri, Sinem
name: Mishra, Kumar Vijay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Channel estimation is a critical task in intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted wireless systems due to the uncertainties imposed by environment dynamics and rapid changes in the IRS configuration. To deal with these uncertainties, deep learning (DL) approaches have been proposed. Previous works consider centralized learning (CL) approach for model training, which entails the collection of the whole training dataset from the users at the base station (BS), hence introducing huge transmission overhead for data collection. To address this challenge, this paper proposes a federated learning (FL) framework to jointly estimate both direct and cascaded channels in IRS-assisted wireless systems. We design a single convolutional neural network trained on the local datasets of the users without sending them to the BS. We show that the proposed FL-based channel estimation approach requires approximately 60% fewer pilot signals and it exhibits 12 times lower transmission overhead than CL, while maintaining satisfactory performance close to CL. In addition, it provides lower estimation error than the state-of-the-art DL-based schemes.
description: 5pages2figures Accepted paper in IEEE SAM 2022. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2008.10846
Gradient-based reconstruction of molecular Hamiltonians and density matrices from time-dependent quantum observables
Creators: name: Zhang, Wucheng
name: Tutunnikov, Ilia
name: Averbukh, Ilya Sh.
name: Krems, Roman V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a quantum system with a time-independent Hamiltonian parametrized by a set of unknown parameters $α$. The system is prepared in a general quantum state by an evolution operator that depends on a set of unknown parameters $P$. After the preparation, the system evolves in time, and it is characterized by a time-dependent observable ${\cal O}(t)$. We show that it is possible to obtain closed-form expressions for the gradients of the distance between ${\cal O}(t)$ and a calculated observable with respect to $α$, $P$ and all elements of the system density matrix, whether for pure or mixed states. These gradients can be used in projected gradient descent to infer $α$, $P$ and the relevant density matrix from dynamical observables. We combine this approach with random phase wave function approximation to obtain closed-form expressions for gradients that can be used to infer population distributions from averaged time-dependent observables in problems with a large number of quantum states participating in dynamics. The approach is illustrated by determining the temperature of molecular gas (initially, in thermal equilibrium at room temperature) from the laser-induced time-dependent molecular alignment.
Daptonema undetermined
Creators: name: Khudhir, Manda
name: Hodda, Mike
name: Nicholas, Evelyn
name: Campbell, Jennifer
name: Nicholas, Warwick L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Daptonema
Daptonema undetermined

description: Daptonema sp.
Bass Strait, OFFSHORE. Continental Shelf. Fine Silt substrate. 1 male; 3 females; 3 juveniles. 30.1.87; 10.1.87 Bremer River, SA. Sub-littoral depth. 1 life stage unrecorded. Date unrecorded.
Cairns:Darwin, OFFSHORE. Mud substrate. 1 female; 3 life stage unrecorded. 5.5.77; 7.5.77; 8.5.77
Candlagan Creek Estuary, NSW. Littoral depth. 1 life stage unrecorded. Date unrecorded.
Clyde River, NSW. 3 males; 2 females. 11.4.79;.12.84
Clyde River Estuary, NSW. Littoral Mud substrate. 2 life stage unrecorded. 24. 2.88; 4.8.87
Clyde River Estuary, NSW. Littoral Mud substrate. Mangrove host plant. 2 males; 1 female; 5 juveniles. 4.6.86 Clyde River Estuary, NSW. Littoral Mud substrate. Samolus host plant. 16 males; 8 females; 2 juveniles. 16.6.86 Cronulla, NSW. Sand substrate. 1 male. 12.5.77
Darwin, NT. 1 life stage unrecorded. 5.5.86
Groote Eylandt, NT. Sub-Littoral Mud substrate. Seagrass host plant. 5 males; 1 female. 2.5.85
Lorne, VIC. Littoral Sand substrate. 1 female ..10.91
Moruya, NSW. Littoral Sand substrate. 1 female. 6.4.04
Narnu, SA. 1 male. 5.10.86
Rapid Creek, NT. Littoral Sand substrate. 7 males; 13 females; 4 juveniles; 7 life stage unrecorded. 31.7.80; 19.10.92; 30.9.88; 16.8.86
Rapid Creek, NT. Mud substrate. Rhizophora host plant. 2 males; 1 female. 16.8.86
Shark Bay, WA. 2 males; 1 life stage unrecorded. 10.4.78
Locality unrecorded, Australia. 1 male; 2 females; 1 life stage unrecorded. 6.11.05
Genus Elzalia Gerlach, 1957b
description: Published as part of Khudhir, Manda, Hodda, Mike, Nicholas, Evelyn, Campbell, Jennifer & Nicholas, Warwick L., 2023, A catalogue of the nematode slide collection from the late W. L. Nicholas held at National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 5388 (1) on page 85, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5388.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10390008
Emerging Porcine Viral Diseases and its Control in India
Creators: name: Payel Kar1, J. B. Rajesh2*, S. K. Behera3, Manas Das4, Kalyan Sarma5 H. Prasad6
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: The Indian pig industry faces a growing challenge from emerging diseases. Emerging viral diseases can devastate pig populations. This article highlights the economic burden of these diseases and the need for effective control measures, including management strategies. Emerging diseases often have no established control measures, making them particularly challenging. Increased biosecurity, farm hygiene, and disease surveillance are essential to prevent outbreaks.
Elzalia undetermined
Creators: name: Khudhir, Manda
name: Hodda, Mike
name: Nicholas, Evelyn
name: Campbell, Jennifer
name: Nicholas, Warwick L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Elzalia
Elzalia undetermined

description: Elzalia sp.
Cairns:Darwin, OFFSHORE. Mud substrate. 2 males; 1 life stage unrecorded. 5.5.77; 8.5.77; 7.5.77
Groote Eylandt, NT. Sub-littoral depth. Seagrass host plant. 2 males; 1 female. 1.7.85
Genus Filipjeva Ditlevsen, 1928
description: Published as part of Khudhir, Manda, Hodda, Mike, Nicholas, Evelyn, Campbell, Jennifer & Nicholas, Warwick L., 2023, A catalogue of the nematode slide collection from the late W. L. Nicholas held at National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 5388 (1) on pages 85-86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5388.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10390008
Filipjeva undetermined
Creators: name: Khudhir, Manda
name: Hodda, Mike
name: Nicholas, Evelyn
name: Campbell, Jennifer
name: Nicholas, Warwick L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Filipjeva
Filipjeva undetermined

description: Filipjeva sp.
Brisbane, QLD. 1 male; 1 female. 26.8.86
Darwin, NT. 1 male; 2 females. 5.5.86
Fullerton Cove, NSW. Littoral Mud substrate. 1 male; 2 females; 2 life stage unrecorded. 10.3.82
Genus Gonionchus Cobb, 1920
description: Published as part of Khudhir, Manda, Hodda, Mike, Nicholas, Evelyn, Campbell, Jennifer & Nicholas, Warwick L., 2023, A catalogue of the nematode slide collection from the late W. L. Nicholas held at National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 5388 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5388.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10390008
Convective effects on columnar dendritic solidification -- A multiscale dendritic needle network study
Creators: name: Isensee, Thomas
name: Tourret, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravity-induced buoyancy, inevitable in most solidification processes, substantially alters the dynamics of crystal growth, such that incorporating fluid flow in solidification models is crucial to understand and predict key aspects of microstructure selection. Here, we present a multi-scale Dendritic Needle Network (DNN) model for directional solidification that includes buoyant flow in the liquid, and apply it to a range of alloys and growth conditions. After a brief presentation of the model, we study the selection of stable primary dendrite arm spacings in Al-4at.%Cu and in Ti-45at.%Al alloys under different gravity levels, comparing both applications to published phase-field results and experimental measurements. Then, we simulate the oscillatory growth behavior recently reported via X-ray in situ imaging of directional solidification of nickel-based superalloy CMSX-4. In this last application, the DNN simulations manage to reproduce the oscillatory growth behavior, and hence permit identifying the fundamental mechanisms behind the oscillatory growth regime. In particular, we show that sustained oscillations occur when the average liquid flow velocity is close to the crystal growth velocity, and that primary dendritic spacings also play a crucial role in the oscillatory behavior.
Polarization manipulation of giant photonic spin Hall effect using wave-guiding effect
Creators: name: Baitha, Monu Nath
name: Kim, Kyoungsik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In plasmonic systems, the enhanced photonic spin Hall effect (PSHE) was previously possible only for horizontal polarization. By employing the wave-guiding surface plasmon resonance (WG-SPR) effect, we report a giant photonic spin Hall effect (G-PSHE) of reflected light for both horizontal and vertical polarization waves. We investigated the polarization-manipulated G-PSHE in the Kretschmann configuration with an additional glass dielectric layer. This additional dielectric layer allowed us to achieve millimeter-scale (more than 2 mm to sub-millimeter) G-PSHE. We achieved polarization manipulation by designing novel structures employing wave-guiding and SPR theory. Using a simulation study, we investigated the impact of an additional thin dielectric layer on G-PSHE. This study enables the potential application of both horizontal and vertical polarization-based quantum devices and sensors for which light spin plays a pivotal role.
description: 26 Pages, 17 Figures
$W$ mass in a model with vector-like leptons and $U(1)^\prime$
Creators: name: Kawamura, Junichiro
name: Raby, Stuart
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of vector-like leptons on the $W$ boson mass in a model with a vector-like $U(1)^\prime$ gauge symmetry. This model provides simultaneous explanations for the recent anomalies in the muon anomalous magnetic moment and the semi-leptonic decays of $B$ mesons. We found that the recent result of the $W$ boson mass precise measurement at CDF can be explained if the charged (neutral) vector-like lepton is lighter than 250 (80) GeV. The light vector-like leptons may not be excluded by collider experiments if these decay to a physical mode of the $U(1)^\prime$ breaking scalar field.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures; ver2 matched to published version
Gonionchus australis Stewart & Nicholas 1994
Creators: name: Khudhir, Manda
name: Hodda, Mike
name: Nicholas, Evelyn
name: Campbell, Jennifer
name: Nicholas, Warwick L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Nematoda
Chromadorea
Monhysterida
Xyalidae
Gonionchus
Gonionchus australis

description: Gonionchus australis Stewart & Nicholas, 1994
Cronulla, NSW. Sub-littoral Sand substrate. 2 females. 12.5.77
Gold Coast, QLD. 2 males; 2 females. 31.8.86
Kioloa, NSW. Littoral Sand substrate. 13 males; 8 females; 3 juveniles. 27.11.86; 15.11.87
South Broulee, NSW. Littoral Sand substrate. 4 males; 4 females; 5 juveniles; 10 life stage unrecorded. 17.11.86; 16.10.88
South Moruya, NSW. Littoral Sand substrate. 5 males; 4 females; 5 juveniles. 9.11.88; 16.10.86; 17.12.90; 16.10.88
Southport, QLD. Littoral Sand substrate. 2 males; 3 females; 2 juveniles; 2 life stage unrecorded. 31.8.86
description: Published as part of Khudhir, Manda, Hodda, Mike, Nicholas, Evelyn, Campbell, Jennifer & Nicholas, Warwick L., 2023, A catalogue of the nematode slide collection from the late W. L. Nicholas held at National Research Collections Australia, CSIRO, pp. 1-109 in Zootaxa 5388 (1) on page 86, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5388.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10390008