cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dendritic flux avalanches and nonlocal electrodynamics in thin superconducting films
Creators: name: Aranson, Igor S.
name: Gurevich, Alex
name: Welling, Marco S.
name: Wijngaarden, Rinke J.
name: Vlasko-Vlasov, Vitalii K.
name: Vinokur, Valerii M.
name: Welp, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical and analytical studies of coupled nonlinear Maxwell and thermal diffusion equations which describe nonisothermal dendritic flux penetration in superconducting films. We show that spontaneous branching of propagating flux filaments occurs due to nonlocal magnetic flux diffusion and positive feedback between flux motion and Joule heat generation. The branching is triggered by a thermomagnetic edge instability which causes stratification of the critical state. The resulting distribution of magnetic microavalanches depends on a spatial distribution of defects. Our results are in good agreement with experiments performed on Nb films.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, see http://mti.msd.anl.gov/aran_h1.htm for extensive collection of movies of dendritic flux and temperature patterns
Evaluation of a comprehensive daily mouth care program for long-term care facilities
Creators: name: Donnelly, Leeann Rachel
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Objective: A randomized, controlled clinical trial involving 2 long-term care facilities was designed to test whether a comprehensive daily mouth care program for LTC facilities could reduce gingivitis, denture stomatitis and debris on teeth and dentures. A questionnaire was also used to assess an improvement in knowledge, behaviour and attitudes of nursing staff with respect to the provision of daily mouth care. Materials and Methods: A four month, random, controlled clinical trial of a comprehensive daily mouth care program for caregivers in a long-term care facility was evaluated using both a questionnaire conducted with caregivers and an oral examination of residents. Two, 51-bed extended long-term care facilities in Vancouver, British Columbia owned and operated by one individual were asked to participate in the evaluation of the program. The program was implemented in one site, while the other site acted as a negative control. Nine caregivers from the test site and 13 from the control site completed both the pre and post questionnaire related to mouth care knowledge, performance and attitude. Twenty-four residents from the test site and 19 from the control site gave consent and were available for oral examination at baseline, 1 and 4 months. Gingivitis was measured using the Modified Gingival Index, and denture stomatitis using Newton's Classification. The debris (food and plaque) was quantified using the Modified Debris Index. Results: No statistically significant change in the caregiver's knowledge, attitude or behaviour was found after the implementation of the program. At both the test and control site there was no improvement in mean debris on teeth or gingivitis scores. There was a statistically significant decrease in debris on dentures at the test site and a decrease in denture stomatitis that was not statistically significant. A decrease in debris on dentures and stomatitis was evident at the control site, but due to small numbers the findings could not be analyzed statistically. Conclusion: The comprehensive daily mouth care program used did not result in a decrease in debris on teeth or gingivitis in residents of a long-term care facility. A decrease in debris on dentures and stomatitis was evident indicating caregivers were better able to clean dentures than teeth. Although staff may appreciate the structure and guidance of a mouth care program it did not result in an improvement in clinical outcomes, attitude, knowledge or behaviour.
K -> pi nu nubar from standard to new physics
Creators: name: Deandrea, Aldo
name: Oertel, Micaela
name: Welzel, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flavour changing neutral current decays are a very sensitive test of the standard model and its extensions. In particular the decay K -> pi nu nubar constitutes a clean way to provide constraints, independent of long distance effects. Motivated by the recent experimental data of the E787 and E865 collaborations and by the difference between the standard model prediction and data, we consider in detail new physics scenarios such as the minimal supersymmetric standard model and R-parity violating supersymmetry. We begin with analysing the impact of new measurements on the standard model result obtaining B(K^+ -> pi^+ nu nubar)=(8.18 +/- 1.22) x 10^(-11). Predictions for other rare kaon decays are discussed, too. Our results allow to improve the limits on R-parity violating couplings with respect to previous analyses.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures, 1 table, LaTeX, JHEP style, references and 1 figure updated, minor changes in the text
Robust Control of Unstable Non-linear Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Zhu, Jing-Jun
name: Chen, Xi
name: Jauslin, Hans-Rudolf
name: Guérin, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Adiabatic passage is a standard tool for achieving robust transfer in quantum systems. We show that, in the context of driven nonlinear Hamiltonian systems, adiabatic passage becomes highly non-robust when the target is unstable. We show this result for a generic (1:2) resonance, for which the complete transfer corresponds to a hyperbolic fixed point in the classical phase space featuring an adiabatic connectivity strongly sensitive to small perturbations of the model. By inverse engineering, we devise high-fidelity and robust partially non-adiabatic trajectories. They localize at the approach of the target near the stable manifold of the separatrix, which drives the dynamics towards the target in a robust way. These results can be applicable to atom-molecule Bose-Einstein condensate conversion and to nonlinear optics.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Is the New Wine World more efficient? Factors influencing technical efficiency of wine production
Creators: name: Tóth, József
name: Gál, Péter
name: Tóth, József
name: Gál, Péter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Production Economics
subject: efficiency gap
subject: wine production
subject: New World
subject: Old World
subject: macroeconomic drivers

description: We have experienced the emergence of New World wine producing countries (the Americas, South Africa and Oceania) in the last 10-15 years as they have successfully increased their market share in European markets. In this paper we perform a two stage model on a panel of most of the major wine producing countries over the period 1995-2007. We estimate a Cobb-Douglas production function and technical inefficiency using stochastic frontier analysis. We show that there is a significant difference between the major Old and New World countries in terms of technical efficiency in favour of the latter group. The analysis supports our hypothesis that the more efficient functioning of the sector in the New Wine World can be one of the drivers of their success. Moreover, inefficiency is related to some macroeconomic factors such as the development of the financial system, the quality of human capital and per capita wine consumption.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1411
Additional file 2 of Different effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on the behavior and brain transcriptome of zebrafish
Creators: name: Suzuki, Shiho
name: Kimura, Ryo
name: Maegawa, Shingo
name: Nakata, Masatoshi
name: Hagiwara, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. KEGG pathway analysis for 8-day exposure.
Jets in nuclear collisions
Creators: name: Vitev, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultra-relativistic heavy ion collisions at RHIC and the LHC open exciting new possibilities for jet physics studies in the presence of hot and dense nuclear matter. Recent theoretical advances in understanding the QCD multi-parton dynamics provide a good description of the quenching in the single and double inclusive high-pT hadron spectra. Measurement of the redistribution of the lost energy and the corresponding increase in the soft hadron multiplicities is the next critical step in elucidating the modification of the jet properties in the nuclear environment.
description: Proceedings of the XXXIV International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics. To be published in Acta Physica Polonica B. 7 pages, 3 figures
Martingales, endomorphisms, and covariant systems of operators in Hilbert space
Creators: name: Dutkay, Dorin Ervin
name: Jorgensen, Palle E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42A16, 43A65, 42A65, 47C15, 33C50, 42C15, 42C40, 46E22, 47B32, 60J15, 60G42

description: We show that a class of dynamical systems induces an associated operator system in Hilbert space. The dynamical systems are defined from a fixed finite-to-one mapping in a compact metric space, and the induced operators form a covariant system in a Hilbert space of L^2-martingales. Our martingale construction depends on a prescribed set of transition probabilities, given by a non-negative function. Our main theorem describes the induced martingale systems completely. The applications of our theorem include wavelets, the dynamics defined by iterations of rational functions, and sub-shifts in symbolic dynamics. In the theory of wavelets, in the study of subshifts, in the analysis of Julia sets of rational maps of a complex variable, and, more generally, in the study of dynamical systems, we are faced with the problem of building a unitary operator from a mapping r in a compact metric space X. The space X may be a torus, or the state space of subshift dynamical systems, or a Julia set. While our motivation derives from some wavelet problems, we have in mind other applications as well; and the issues involving covariant operator systems may be of independent interest.
description: 44 pages, LaTeX2e ("jotart" document class); v2: A few opening paragraphs were added to the paper; an addition where a bit of the history is explained, and where some more relevant papers are cited. Corrected a typographical error in Proposition 8.1. v3: A few minor additions: More motivation and explanations in the Intro; Remark 3.3 is new; and eleven relevant references/citations are added; v4: corrected and updated bibliography; v5: more bibliography updates and change of LaTeX document class
Polygon model from first order gravity
Creators: name: Kadar, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge fixed polygon model of 2+1 gravity with zero cosmological constant and arbitrary number of spinless point particles is reconstructed from the first order formalism of the theory in terms of the triad and the spin connection. The induced symplectic structure is calculated and shown to agree with the canonical one in terms of the variables.
description: 20 pages, presentation improved, typos corrected
Romanian farm support: has European Union membership made a difference?
Creators: name: Hubbard, Carmen
name: Luca, Lucien
name: Luca, Mihaela
name: Alexandri, Cecilia
name: Hubbard, Carmen
name: Luca, Lucien
name: Luca, Mihaela
name: Alexandri, Cecilia
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Production Economics
subject: Romania
subject: agricultural policies
subject: farm support
subject: European funds
subject: Common Agricultural Policy

description: This paper provides an insight into the major policy measures that influenced Romanian agriculture before and after the country’s accession to the European Union (EU) in January 2007. It analyses the volume and composition of national and EU agricultural financial support between 2002 and 2012, and assesses how much has been transferred between agricultural farm support (Pillar 1) and rural development (Pillar 2). The findings show that, as membership drew near, Romania increased its efforts to provide farm support. The level of support has continued to rise (in nominal terms) year on year, from EUR 242 million in 2002 to almost EUR 600 million in 2005. By 2007, over EUR 1 billion (10 per cent of the Gross Value Added of the sector) was allocated to agriculture. Moreover, preparation for accession meant also significant changes in the structure of subsidies. This was redesigned so to emulate the Common Agricultural Policy, shifting the emphasis of support on to direct farm income. Overall, Romanian agriculture benefited from EUR 16.4 billion in subsidies between 2002 and 2012, of which almost half (EUR 7.8 billion) came from the EU. With accession, the share of EU financial support has increased, particularly in the form of direct payments, whilst the national contribution has decreased. However, the latter remains much higher than prior to accession. Of EUR 13.6 billion allocated for agriculture following EU accession (2007-2012), 46 per cent was funded from the national budget. Overall, there is a rather limited volume of investment subsidies, as compared to production and income support, which may partially explain the low economic performance of the sector. EU membership has not necessarily led to farm consolidation and a gradual disappearance of small-scale (semi-subsistence) farms, which remain a dominant characteristic of Romanian agriculture.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1415
Kriterien für latinische und römische Städte in Gallien und Germanien und die ’Verfassung‘ der gallischen Stammesgemeinden
Creators: name: Wolff, Hartmut
Publisher: name: Bonner Jahrbücher
Year: 2021

description: Bonner Jahrbücher, Bd. 176 (1976): Bonner Jahrbücher
Soil and crop management and biomass removal effects on soil organic matter content in Hungary
Creators: name: Eleki, Krisztina
name: Cruse, Richard M.
name: Rogovska, Natalia
name: Fodor, László
name: Szabó, Lajos
name: Holló, Sandor
name: Eleki, Krisztina
name: Cruse, Richard M.
name: Rogovska, Natalia
name: Fodor, László
name: Szabó, Lajos
name: Holló, Sandor
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biomass
subject: bioenergy
subject: soil organic matter
subject: soil management

description: Greater use of biomass for bioenergy has increased the need to evaluate above ground biomass removal (BR) effects on soil quality components, especially soil organic matter (SOM). A multifactor, 40 year field experiment was conducted in Kompolt, Hungary on a carbonate-free, slightly acidic chernozem brown forest soil (USDA: Ustolls) with the objective of determining the effect of different management systems with concurrent removal of the above ground biomass on the SOM content of the 0-320 mm layer. A multifactor experiment composed of treatments involving different crop rotation (CR), beef manure application, mineral fertiliser application, above ground BR (vs. biomass incorporation, BI) and lucerne management options for different rotations are the basis of this study. CR had no significant effect on SOM content. Management options that included a four year lucerne stand produced significantly higher SOM content in five out of six fertiliser and biomass management combinations. Continuous manure applications and manure + NPK fertiliser resulted in a significantly greater SOM content than management options that minimised or eliminated fertiliser or manure additions. SOM content for different soil amendments and biomass treatments ranked: BR < NPK + BR < BI < manure + BR = NPK + manure + BR with SOM contents of 2.75 < 2.82 < 2.87 < 2.92 per cent (w/w) respectively. Manure had the most profound effect because its significance was most consistent across a range of management combinations and years. The results suggest that agricultural management systems that include lucerne and manure application have the potential to sustain SOM content with concurrent above ground BR in continental climates on Ustolls with near level topography.
description: http://dx.doi.org/10.7896/j.1410
Impacto del uso de biomasa en la bioeconomía de los ingenios azucareros Centroamericanos
Creators: name: Blanco Orozco, Napoleón Vicente
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Sierra F, Pablo
name: Dios Palomares, Rafaela
name: Curbelo Alonso, Alfredo Jose
name: Blanco Orozco, Napoleón Vicente
name: Zúniga-González, Carlos Alberto
name: Sierra F, Pablo
name: Dios Palomares, Rafaela
name: Curbelo Alonso, Alfredo Jose
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Bioeconomía
subject: Índices de Malmquist
subject: Biorefinerías
subject: Bioproductos

description: de la información y Desarrollo de la Energía. Email: acurbelo@cubaenergia.cu Recibido : 15 Diciembre, 2013 Aceptado: Febrero 23, 2014 _____________________________________________________________________________ Resumen El propósito de este estudio fue medir el impacto del uso de Biomasa del sendero productivo de la Bioeconomía de las Biorefinerías azucareras de la región centroamericana, mediante el estudio de la productividad total de los factores. Se utilizaron los datos disponibles en la FAO que fueron organizados en un panel de datos y se aplicó el análisis envolvente de datos con la herramienta de los índices de Malmquist, se agregó el enfoque de eficiencia técnica ambiental, se consideró un modelo con tres componentes: productivo, ambiental y social. Así también, se indagó sobre la incidencia de actividad geomagnética solar planetaria sobre la productividad de las biorefinerias. Los resultados se evaluaron considerando la actividad solar y omitiéndola, los primeros evidencian que solo los países Belice, El salvador (11 %), Nicaragua (4 %) y Cuba (3%) muestran un crecimiento promedio en productividad, al contrario Costa Rica, Guatemala, Honduras y Panamá presentaron un decrecimiento en productividad. El cambio de la PTF se explicó por el desarrollo tecnológico de los ingenios más que por la eficiencia técnica de la mano de obra. Además, se concluye que la productividad de la bioeconomía tiene cierta relación con la actividad geomagnética planetaria y por consiguiente se debe tener en cuenta la relación entre la productividad de las biorefinerías y la tasa de crecimiento poblacional. Es importante que los inversionista de los ingenios azucaremos consideren estas evidencias dado que conociendo las variaciones de la actividad solar pueden reducir costos no invirtiendo en economía de escala cuando la actividad solar proyecte una tendencia decreciente.
Forward-backward asymmetries in (Lambda_b -> Lambda l^+ l^-) decay beyond the standard model
Creators: name: Aliev, T. M.
name: Bashiry, V.
name: Savci, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the doubly-polarized lepton pair forward-backward asymmetries in (Lambda_b -> Lambda l^+ l^-) decay using a general, model independent form of the effective Hamiltonian. We present the general expression for nine double-polarization forward-backward asymmetries. It is observed that, the study of the forward-backward asymmetries of the doubly-polarized lepton pair is a very useful tool for establishing new physics beyond the standard model. Moreover, the correlation between forward-backward asymmetry and branching ratio is investigated. It is shown that there exist certain certain regions of the new Wilson coefficients where new physics can be established by measuring the polarized forward-backward asymmetry only.
description: 26 pages, 17 figures, LaTeX formatted
Equality of Schur and skew Schur functions
Creators: name: van Willigenburg, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05E05, 05E10

description: We determine the precise conditions under which any skew Schur function is equal to a Schur function over both infinitely and finitely many variables.
description: 9 pages, final version
WMAP constraints on SUGRA models with non-universal gaugino masses and prospects for direct detection
Creators: name: Belanger, G.
name: Boudjema, F.
name: Cottrant, A.
name: Pukhov, A.
name: Semenov, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss constraints on supersymmetric models arising from the relic density measurements of WMAP as well as from direct and precision measurements, LEP, b-sgamma, g-2, Bs-mumu. We consider mSUGRA models and their extensions with non-universal gaugino masses. We find, as commonly known, that the relic density pinpoints towards very specific regions of the mSUGRA models: coannihilation, focus and Heavy Higgs annihilation. The allowed regions widen significantly when varying the top quark mass. Introducing some non-universality in the gaugino masses significantly changes this conclusion as in specific non-universal models the relic density upper limit can be easily satisfied. This occurs with models where M1>M2 at the GUT scale when the LSP has a high wino component. Models where M3
description: 45 pages, 18 figures
Determining the $Θ^+$ quantum numbers through a Kaon induced reaction
Creators: name: Hyodo, T.
name: Hosaka, A.
name: Oset, E.
name: Vacas, M. J. Vicente
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the $K^+p\to π^+KN$ reaction with kinematical condition suited to the production of the $Θ^+$ resonance. It is shown that in this reaction with the polarization experiment, a combined consideration of the strength at the peak and the angular dependence of cross section can help determine the $Θ^+$ quantum numbers.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, Talk given at International Workshop PENTAQUARK04 at SPring-8, Japan, July 20-23, 2004
Modelling the influence of progressive social awareness, lockdown and anthropogenic migration on the dynamics of an epidemic
Creators: name: Bhattacharyya, R.
name: Konar, Partha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The basic Susceptible-Infected-Recovered (SIR) model is extended to include effects of progressive social awareness, lockdowns and anthropogenic migration. It is found that social awareness can effectively contain the spread by lowering the basic reproduction rate $R_0$. Interestingly, the awareness is found to be more effective in a society which can adopt the awareness faster compared to the one having a slower response. The paper also separates the mortality fraction from the clinically recovered fraction and attempts to model the outcome of lockdowns, in absence and presence of social awareness. It is seen that staggered exits from lockdowns are not only economically beneficial but also helps to curb the infection spread. Moreover, a staggered exit strategy with progressive social awareness is found to be the most efficient intervention. The paper also explores the effects of anthropogenic migration on the dynamics of the epidemic in a two-zone scenario. The calculations yield dissimilar evolution of different fractions in different zones. Such models can be convenient to strategize the division of a large zone into smaller sub-zones for a disproportionate imposition of lockdown, or, an exit from one. Calculations are done with parameters consistent with the SARS-COV-2 pathogen in the Indian context.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures; Authors ordered alphabetically; Accepted for publication in the International Journal of Dynamics and Control
Lysosomal targetomics of ghr KO mice shows chaperone-mediated autophagy degrades nucleocytosolic acetyl-coA enzymes
Creators: name: Endicott, S. Joseph
name: Monovich, Alexander C.
name: Huang, Eric L.
name: Henry, Evelynn I.
name: Boynton, Dennis N.
name: Beckmann, Logan J.
name: MacCoss, Michael J.
name: Miller, Richard A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Mice deficient in GHR (growth hormone receptor; ghr KO) have a dramatic lifespan extension and elevated levels of hepatic chaperone-mediated autophagy (CMA). Using quantitative proteomics to identify protein changes in purified liver lysosomes and whole liver lysates, we provide evidence that elevated CMA in ghr KO mice downregulates proteins involved in ribosomal structure, translation initiation and elongation, and nucleocytosolic acetyl-coA production. Following up on these initial proteomics findings, we used a cell culture approach to show that CMA is necessary and sufficient to regulate the abundance of ACLY and ACSS2, the two enzymes that produce nucleocytosolic (but not mitochondrial) acetyl-coA. Inhibition of CMA in NIH3T3 cells has been shown to lead to aberrant accumulation of lipid droplets. We show that this lipid droplet phenotype is rescued by knocking down ACLY or ACSS2, suggesting that CMA regulates lipid droplet formation by controlling ACLY and ACSS2. This evidence leads to a model of how constitutive activation of CMA can shape specific metabolic pathways in long-lived endocrine mutant mice.
Conference abstract and presentation entitled "Highlights of a journey with Cyclodextrins and Light "
Creators: name: Manet, Ilse
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: cyclodextrin

description: The pdf files contain the abstract as well as the plenary lecture given by Ilse Manet during the Italian Photochemistry Meeting on December 14, 2023, in Sestri Levante, Italy.

I. Manet acknowledged the MSCA projects that funded the research presented during her lecture.
Indicator patterns of forced change learned by an artificial neural network
Creators: name: Barnes, Elizabeth A.
name: Toms, Benjamin
name: Hurrell, James W.
name: Ebert-Uphoff, Imme
name: Anderson, Chuck
name: Anderson, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many problems in climate science require the identification of signals obscured by both the "noise" of internal climate variability and differences across models. Following previous work, we train an artificial neural network (ANN) to identify the year of input maps of temperature and precipitation from forced climate model simulations. This prediction task requires the ANN to learn forced patterns of change amidst a background of climate noise and model differences. We then apply a neural network visualization technique (layerwise relevance propagation) to visualize the spatial patterns that lead the ANN to successfully predict the year. These spatial patterns thus serve as "reliable indicators" of the forced change. The architecture of the ANN is chosen such that these indicators vary in time, thus capturing the evolving nature of regional signals of change. Results are compared to those of more standard approaches like signal-to-noise ratios and multi-linear regression in order to gain intuition about the reliable indicators identified by the ANN. We then apply an additional visualization tool (backward optimization) to highlight where disagreements in simulated and observed patterns of change are most important for the prediction of the year. This work demonstrates that ANNs and their visualization tools make a powerful pair for extracting climate patterns of forced change.
description: The first version of this manuscript has been submitted to the Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (JAMES), 2020
Additional file 1 of Circulating mRNAs are differentially expressed in pregnancies with severe placental insufficiency and at high risk of stillbirth
Creators: name: Hannan, Natalie J.
name: Stock, Owen
name: Spencer, Rebecca
name: Whitehead, Clare
name: David, Anna L.
name: Groom, Katie
name: Petersen, Scott
name: Henry, Amanda
name: Said, Joanne M.
name: Seeho, Sean
name: Kane, Stefan C.
name: Gordon, Lavinia
name: Beard, Sally
name: Kantaraja Chindera
name: Karegodar, Smita
name: Hiscock, Richard
name: Pritchard, Natasha
name: Tu’uhevaha J. Kaitu’u-Lino
name: Walker, Susan P.
name: Tong, Stephen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1 Supplementary Table 1. Patient characteristics for the cases of Fetal Growth Restriction (FGR) and control cohorts as part of the EVVEREST study. Supplementary Table 2. Patient characteristics for the cohort of stillbirths and controls. Supplementary Table 3. Summary of the postulated biological functions of the proteins encoded by the five genes that were differentially regulated in the FOX cohort. Supplementary Fig. S1. Expression of circulating mRNAs among pregnancies with preterm fetal growth restriction in the FOX cohort. A-H shows qRT-PCR expression of eight genes identified by RNA-seq, and their respective receiver operating characteristic (AUC) curves. Controls were ongoing pregnancies unaffected by growth restriction where bloods were collected around the same gestational ages. **** p
A CRIAÇÃO DE PACA (AGOUTI PACA) COMO ALTERNATIVA DE DIVERSIFICAÇÃO DE PRODUÇÃO E RENDA EM MINAS GERAIS
Creators: name: Lourenco, Robson Francis Silva
name: Dias, Roberto Serpa
name: Gomes, Adriano Provezano
name: Lourenco, Robson Francis Silva
name: Dias, Roberto Serpa
name: Gomes, Adriano Provezano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Viabilidade econômica
subject: Paca (Agouti Paca)
subject: Conservação ambiental
subject: Economic viability
subject: Agouti Paca
subject: Environment conservation

description: Para a implantação de uma atividade econômica é necessária sua avaliação econômica e financeira, que verifique as oportunidades e os riscos inerentes ao projeto. Por este motivo, os objetivos deste estudo foram os de determinar indicadores de viabilidade de custo-benefício dos investimentos, para um projeto de criação comercial de Pacas (Agouti Paca), em regiões do entorno das matas de Minas Gerais. Para esta análise foram determinados índices econômicos para a criação de quarenta matrizes e oito reprodutores de pacas, em sistema intensivo de produção, sob dois cenários econômicos. Os resultados destacaram como principais custos para a implantação da atividade a aquisição dos animais (62%; 6%) e a construção das instalações (36%; 89%), nos dois cenários, respectivamente. A alimentação representou 45% e 29% dos custos variáveis, respectivamente. Uma das vantagens em se criar animais silvestres é a pequena necessidade de mão de obra. Estes resultados e os de outros estudos, em um horizonte de dez anos, constataram que a criação comercial de pacas pode se tornar uma alternativa viável da diversificação de produção e renda para os produtores da região,, além de vários outros ganhos não computados, referentes ao valor econômico dos recursos ambientais.--------------------------------------------For the implantation of an economical activity it is necessary a financial and economical evaluation that shows the opportunities and risks to the project. For that reason, the goals of this study were to verify the cots-benefits indicators for an investment in a paca (Agouti Paca) commercial production in Zona da Mata, Minas Gerais. For this analysis, certain economical index to create forty females and eight paca reproducers in an intensive system of production, under two economical sceneries. We underline as main costs for the implantation of the activities a acquisition of animals (62%; 6%) and the construction of installations (36%; 89%). Feeding represented 45% e 29% of the variable costs in each scenery. One of the advantages of this activity is the small need of labor. These data and other studies in the horizon of ten years state that the commercial it can become an alternative for diversification of production and income, besides other gains not computed referent to economic value of environment resources.
Expression of pro-fibrotic factors in the airways of lungs from patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: McDonough, John Edward
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is characterized by a reduction in lung function caused by a thickening of the bronchiole airway wall and narrowing of its lumen. This remodeling is associated with the development of a peribronchial fibrosis. This study compares the expression of several pro-fibrotic mediators using immunohistochemistry, quantitative RT-PCR, and in situ hybridization to quantitate and localize the expression of these proteins. In lung tissue from patients with GOLD stage 0, 1,3, and 4 COPD the volume fraction of the staining for each mediator in the bronchiolar epithelium of randomly selected airways was measured using image analysis software. The results demonstrated a significant increase in the amount of IL-13, TGF-beta2, PDGF-A, PDGF-Ralpha, and CTGF in the airways of more severe GOLD stage 3 and 4 patients relative to the airways of non-obstructed or mild GOLD 0 and 1 patients. No changes were detected in the expression of TGF-betal, p-SMAD2/3, PDGF-B, or PDGF-Rbeta. Using quantitative RT-PCR and in situ hybridization, the expression and localization of TGFbetal, TGF-beta2, and TGF-beta3 are determined. No differences were found in their level of expression but, in accordance with the immunohistochemical results, high levels of RNA were localized to the bronchiolar epithelium. This study highlights the potential role that the bronchiolar epithelium plays in the development of peribronchial fibrosis and disease pathogenesis in COPD.
Additional file 1 of Different effects of methylphenidate and atomoxetine on the behavior and brain transcriptome of zebrafish
Creators: name: Suzuki, Shiho
name: Kimura, Ryo
name: Maegawa, Shingo
name: Nakata, Masatoshi
name: Hagiwara, Masatoshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Differential expression profiles for 8-day exposure.
Influence of the vicinal substrate miscut on the anisotropic two-dimensional electronic transport in Al2O3-SrTiO3 heterostructures
Creators: name: Wolff, Karsten
name: Schäfer, Roland
name: Arnold, Daniel
name: Schneider, Rudolf
name: Tacon, Matthieu Le
name: Fuchs, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electrical resistance of the two-dimensional electron system (2DES) which forms at the interface of SrTiO3 (STO)-based heterostructures displays anisotropic transport with respect to the direction of current flow at low temperature. We have investigated the influence of terraces at the surface of STO substrates from which the 2DES are prepared. Such terraces are always present in commercially available STO substrates due to the tolerance of surface preparation which result in small miscut angles of the order of gamma ~ 0.1° with respect to the surface normal. By a controlled increase of the substrate miscut we could systematically reduce the width of the terraces and thereby increase the density of substrate surface steps. The in-plane anisotropy of the electrical resistance was studied as a function of the miscut angle gamma and found to be mainly related to interfacial scattering arising from the substrate surface steps. However, the influence of gamma was notably reduced by the occurrence of step-bunching and lattice-dislocations in the STO substrate material. Magnetoresistance (MR) depends on the current orientation as well, reflecting the anisotropy of carrier mobility. For gamma >= 2°, MR is substantially enhanced and shows the trend towards a linear field dependence which is typical for inhomogeneous conductors. From weak-antilocalization observed at small magnetic field we deduce information on inelastic scattering and spin-orbit coupling. While the field scale associated with a Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling in 2D weak-localization does not show a pronounced correlation with gamma, distinct changes of the scale are associated with inelastic scattering.
Fate of Supermassive Black Holes and Evolution of the M(BH)-sigma Relation in Merging Galaxies: The Effect of Gaseous Dissipation
Creators: name: Kazantzidis, Stelios
name: Mayer, Lucio
name: Colpi, Monica
name: Madau, Piero
name: Debattista, Victor P.
name: Wadsley, James
name: Stadel, Joachim
name: Quinn, Thomas
name: Moore, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the effect of dissipation on the orbital evolution of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) using high-resolution self-consistent gasdynamical simulations of binary equal- and unequal-mass mergers of disk galaxies. The galaxy models are consistent with the LCDM paradigm of structure formation and the simulations include the effects of radiative cooling and star formation. We find that equal-mass mergers always lead to the formation of a close SMBH pair at the center of the remnant with separations limited solely by the adopted force resolution of ~ 100 pc. Instead, the final SMBH separation in unequal-mass mergers depends sensitively on how the central structure of the merging galaxies is modified by dissipation. In the absence of dissipation, the satellite galaxy can be entirely disrupted before the merger is completed leaving its SMBH wandering at a distance too far from the center of the remnant for the formation of a close pair. In contrast, we show that gas cooling facilitates the pairing process by increasing the resilience of the companion galaxy to tidal disruption. Moreover, we demonstrate that merging disk galaxies constructed to obey the M(BH)-sigma relation, move relative to it depending on whether they undergo a dissipational or collisionless merger, regardless of the mass ratio of the merging systems. Collisionless simulations reveal that remnants tend to move away from the mean relation highlighting the role of gas-poor mergers as a possible source of scatter. In dissipational mergers, the interplay between strong gas inflows associated with the formation of massive nuclear disks and the consumption of gas by star formation provides the necessary fuel to the SMBHs and allows the merger remnants to satisfy the relation.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJL, 5 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX (uses emulateapj5.sty). Conclusions unchanged, new simulations performed, M(BH)-sigma plot updated
The OST cache
Creators: name: Meng, Ming
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Current split data caches classify data as having either spatial locality or temporal locality. The cache usually comprises two subcaches with each subcache being used to cache one type of data. More precisely, however, data can exhibit not only temporal or spatial locality, but also both localities, or no locality. Current split data caches do not take advantages of this more precise characterization. In addition, runtime locality change is not supported completely by current split data caches, leading to lower system performance. This thesis presents a new data classification method which divides data into five types in terms of the locality they present. A new kind of split data cache, called the OST cache, which has three subcaches, and an innovative control mechanism, which can detect data locality accurately and supports flexible runtime locality change, are also proposed in this thesis. Experimental results show that the OST cache can improve system performance greatly compared to a conventional cache. Compared to other split caches (SS/NS and NTS), the OST cache also shows a better overall system performance. The OST cache can be used in embedded systems which have small L1cache and off-chip L2 cache, and narrow bus between L1 cache and L2 cache.
Upper bounds on device-independent quantum key distribution rates and a revised Peres conjecture
Creators: name: Arnon-Friedman, Rotem
name: Leditzky, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Device-independent quantum key distribution (DIQKD) is one of the most challenging tasks in quantum cryptography. The protocols and their security are based on the existence of Bell inequalities and the ability to violate them by measuring entangled states. We study the entanglement needed for DIQKD protocols in two different ways. Our first contribution is the derivation of upper bounds on the key rates of CHSH-based DIQKD protocols in terms of the violation of the inequality; this sets an upper limit on the possible DI key extraction rate from states with a given violation. Our upper bound improves on the previously known bound of Kaur et al. Our second contribution is the initiation of the study of the role of bound entangled states in DIQKD. We present a revised Peres conjecture stating that such states cannot be used as a resource for DIQKD. We give a first piece of evidence for the conjecture by showing that the bound entangled state found by Vertesi and Brunner, even though it can certify DI randomness, cannot be used to produce a key using protocols analogous to the well-studied CHSH-based DIQKD protocol.
description: 17 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of Efficacy and safety of abacavir/lamivudine plus rilpivirine as a first-line regimen in treatment-naïve HIV-1 infected adults
Creators: name: Ho, Sharlene
name: Wong, Joshua Guoxian
name: Oon Tek Ng
name: Lee, Cheng Chuan
name: Leo, Yee Sin
name: Lye, David Chien Boon
name: Wong, Chen Seong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Baseline characteristics of patients in the RPV, EFV and boosted PI groups.
The polymorphism L412F in TLR3 inhibits autophagy and is a marker of severe COVID-19 in males
Creators: name: Croci, Susanna
name: Venneri, Mary Anna
name: Mantovani, Stefania
name: Fallerini, Chiara
name: Benetti, Elisa
name: Picchiotti, Nicola
name: Campolo, Federica
name: Imperatore, Francesco
name: Palmieri, Maria
name: Daga, Sergio
name: Gabbi, Chiara
name: Montagnani, Francesca
name: Beligni, Giada
name: Farias, Ticiana D.J.
name: Carriero, Miriam Lucia
name: Di Sarno, Laura
name: Alaverdian, Diana
name: Aslaksen, Sigrid
name: Cubellis, Maria Vittoria
name: Spiga, Ottavia
name: Baldassarri, Margherita
name: Fava, Francesca
name: Norman, Paul J.
name: Frullanti, Elisa
name: Isidori, Andrea M.
name: Amoroso, Antonio
name: Mari, Francesca
name: Furini, Simone
name: Mondelli, Mario U
name: study, GEN-COVID multicenter
name: Chiariello, Mario
name: Renieri, Alessandra
name: Meloni, Ilaria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The polymorphism L412F in TLR3 has been associated with several infectious diseases. However, the mechanism underlying this association is still unexplored. Here, we show that the L412F polymorphism in TLR3 is a marker of severity in COVID-19. This association increases in the sub-cohort of males. Impaired macroautophagy/autophagy and reduced TNF/TNFα production was demonstrated in HEK293 cells transfected with TLR3L412F-encoding plasmid and stimulated with specific agonist poly(I:C). A statistically significant reduced survival at 28 days was shown in L412F COVID-19 patients treated with the autophagy-inhibitor hydroxychloroquine (p = 0.038). An increased frequency of autoimmune disorders such as co-morbidity was found in L412F COVID-19 males with specific class II HLA haplotypes prone to autoantigen presentation. Our analyses indicate that L412F polymorphism makes males at risk of severe COVID-19 and provides a rationale for reinterpreting clinical trials considering autophagy pathways. Abbreviations: AP: autophagosome; AUC: area under the curve; BafA1: bafilomycin A1; COVID-19: coronavirus disease-2019; HCQ: hydroxychloroquine; RAP: rapamycin; ROC: receiver operating characteristic; SARS-CoV-2: severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; TLR: toll like receptor; TNF/TNF-α: tumor necrosis factor
Development of a Si/CdTe semiconductor Compton telescope
Creators: name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Mitani, Takefumi
name: Watanabe, Shin
name: Nakazawa, Kazuhiro
name: Oonuki, Kousuke
name: Sato, Goro
name: Takahashi, Tadayuki
name: Tamura, Ken'ichi
name: Tajima, Hiroyasu
name: Nakamura, Hidehito
name: Nomachi, Masaharu
name: Nakamoto, Tatsuya
name: Fukazawa, Yasushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We are developing a Compton telescope based on high resolution Si and CdTe imaging devices in order to obtain a high sensitivity astrophysical observation in sub-MeV gamma-ray region. In this paper, recent results from the prototype Si/CdTe semiconductor Compton telescope are reported. The Compton telescope consists of a double-sided Si strip detector (DSSD) and CdTe pixel detectors, combined with low noise analog LSI, VA32TA. With this detector, we obtained Compton reconstructed images and spectra from line gamma-rays ranging from 81 keV up to 356 keV. The energy resolution is 3.8 keV and 7.9 keV at 122 keV and 356 keV, respectively, and the angular resolution is 9.9 degrees and 5.7 degrees at 122 keV and 356 keV, respectively.
description: 12 pages, 14 figures, submitted to SPIE conference proceedings vol. 5501, "High-Energy Detectors in Astronomy", Glasgow UK, 6/21-6/24 2004