Marilia caipira Camargos & Pes & Hamada 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Camargos, Lucas M.
name: Pes, Ana Maria
name: Hamada, Neusa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Trichoptera
Odontoceridae
Marilia
Marilia caipira

description: Marilia caipira sp. nov.
(Figs 5–9, 29)
Diagnosis: Marilia caipira sp. nov. has the shape of segment X of the male genitalia somewhat similar to that of M. huamantincoae, but there are two longitudinal sutures on each side of segment IX in the new species and one in M. huamantincoae; the preanal appendages of the new species each has the apex broad instead of having the median portion broad as in M. huamantincoae; the phallotremal sclerite of the new species is tripartite instead of bipartite in M. huamantincoae; and the tibial spur formula of the new species is 2-4-4 instead of 2-4-2 as in M. huamantincoae. Segment X, in lateral view, can also resemble that of M. infundibulum, in addition to the male eyes almost touching dorsally, however, the tibial spur formula separates both species the same way it does with M. huamantincoae.
The larva of M. caipira is similar to that of M. cabocla sp. nov. by having the black line on the frontoclypeal sutures in the shape of the letter Y and by having the same arrangement of gills, but the new species differs by lacking the dark pigmentation on the anterior margin of the pronotum, as well as by having darkly colored tibiae and tarsi, which in M. cabocla sp. nov. are yellow.
Adult: Male forewings each 9.4–10.2 mm long (n = 2). Body gray in pinned specimens; forewings brown, with pale areas, and covered with gray setae (in alcohol).
Head: Eyes extremely well developed in males, almost touching dorsally (Figs 6a, 6b). Pair of vertexal mediantennal compact setose warts, fused with longitudinal ellipse shape; pair of vertexal lateroantennal warts, small and not defined by sutures; pair of occiptal warts, and pair of posterior warts, very narrow and short (Figs 6a, 6b). Antennae about two times length of body, with narrow annuli; scape about 3 times as long as broad, mostly brown, covered with light setae. Front pubescent covered with light setae, pair of the frontogenal warts narrow and long (Figs 6c, 6d). Maxillary palps well developed, 5-articulated, heavily covered with setae. Labial palps 3-articulated, articles subequal, covered with setae.
Thorax: Prothorax less than half as long as head; pronotum with pair of transversely elongate setal warts. Mesothorax broad, without setae; mesonotum with dark median longitudinal line extending to mesoscutellum; mesoscutellum with pair of setal warts and small posterior depressions, almost circular. Metathorax half as long as mesothorax, without setae. Tibial spur formula 2-4-4; external spurs of median and posterior tibia shorter than internal spurs. Forewings each with fork I arising near midlength of discoidal cell, R1 and R2 widely separated at wing margin (Fig 7a). Hind wings each with fork I arising on apical fourth of discoidal cell, R1 and R2 merging before wing margin, and anal lobe with brush-like tuft of long setae (Fig 7b).
Abdomen: Simple, without differentiated structures.
Male genitalia: Segment IX, in lateral view with anterior margins sinuous, posterior margins slightly projected at midheight; midlateral sutures separating each side of segment IX into 3 parts, ventral one half as tall as segment IX (Fig 8a); dorsal part projecting above base of segment X and surpassing midlength of segment X (Fig 8b). Preanal appendages, in lateral view, short, subtriangular, each with apex pointed (Fig 8a); claviform in dorsal view, with numerous setae and base narrower than apex (Fig 8b). Segment X with apex subrectangular in lateral view (Fig 8a); triangular, broad at base, with median notch on arrow-like apex in dorsal view (Fig 8b). Inferior appendages each with two articles; basal article cylindrical, its base slightly broader than apex, slightly curved mesad; apical article short, clavate in lateral and ventral views, with small conical spines apically (Figs 8a, 8c). Phallus tubular, curved more than 90 basally in lateral view (Fig 8d), straight in ventral view (Fig 8e); endotheca membranous, with small conical spines; phallotremal sclerite C-like in lateral view (Fig 8d) and U-like in ventral view (Fig 8e).
Final Instar Larva: Body length 9.9–11.3 mm (n = 2). Background color of sclerites yellow and abdomen gray in alcohol (Fig 9a).
Head: In dorsal view subrectangular, yellow with distinctively broad black V-shaped lines along frontoclypeal and short coronal sutures, and faint brown spot on anterior portion of frontoclypeus, slightly distinguishable carinae extending from eyes to juncture of sutures (Figs 9c, 9e); in ventral view with pair of longitudinal black lines, ventral apotome 4.8 times as long as broad and tapering to posterior apex, separating genae entirely (Fig 9d). Eyes rimmed by light areas (Fig 9e). Labrum with slightly concave apical margin and convex apicolateral margins both broader than respective concave basal and convex basolateral margins; setae 1 and 2 on each side robust, with setae 3, 4, 5, 6 straight and of less rigid thickness (Fig 9f). Mandibles robust, asymmetrical (Fig 9g).
Thorax: Pronotum brownish yellow, with setae on anterolateral corners, anterior margin concave, black median longitudinal line reaching posterior margin, and with other dark spots small (Fig 9b). Mesonotum with 3 pairs of sclerites: On each side anteromesal sclerite (sa 1) brown with light spots on posterior area, setae mostly anterior; posteromesal sclerite (sa 2) brown with dark transverse band on posterior margin occupying one-third of sclerite, setae mostly anterior; lateral sclerite (sa 3) brown with many setae on anterior area (Fig 9b). Metanotum divided into 5 brown sclerites: Anteromesal pair (sa 1) with setae on anterior margins; lateral pair (sa 3) with setae on anterior and lateral margins; posteromesal sclerite (fused pair of sa 2 sclerites) transversely long, gradually curved anterad at ends, with few setae laterally (Fig 9b). Legs yellow with tibiae and tarsi black (Figs 9a, 9b).
Abdomen: Abdominal gill formula as in Fig 5. Tergite IX subtriangular. Anal prolegs without teeth on external margins of claws.
Pupa: Body length 8.5–9.9 mm (n = 2). Body brown in alcohol.
Head: Mandibles long, more than three times longer than wide, each with distal portion narrowed, serrate on entire internal margin. Labrum subquadrate, with lateral angles rounded (Fig 9h).
Thorax: Mesotarsi each with fringe of long setae.
Abdomen: Segments III–VII with small oval anterior hook plates, each with one hook oriented posterad; segment V with 2 triangular posterior hook plates, each with 2 posterior hooks directed anterad (Fig 9i). Terminal processes long, slender, and divergent from base (Fig 9j).
Case: Length 9.8–11.3 mm (n = 5); composed of grains of coarse sand, slightly curved, parallel-sided (Fig 9k).
Etymology: The specific epithet is a noun in apposition referring to the Brazilian-Portuguese term “caipira”, derived from the indigenous Tupi word “ka’apir” (“bush cutter”), used originally to refer to the Europeans living in the countryside. The term is now used as an expression of proud authenticity for people from farms and small towns in the state of Goiás, where the specimens were collected.
Bionomics: This species was found in streams located on moderate to high altitude areas in the Almas River basin in the Brazilian savannah. The streams have mostly rocky bottoms, with sand in occasional pools and a high current speed. The larvae were found mostly in river pools, where they search for food on the top of the sandy bottom. An omnivorous habit was observed, as in other Marilia species. There is no knowledge about the behavior of the adults or their attractiveness by light traps because all the individuals of that life stage were obtained from reared larvae.
Distribution: BRAZIL: Goiás, Rondônia (Fig 29).
Holotype male: BRAZIL, Goiás, Pirenópolis: Fazenda Vargem Grande, Ribeirão do Inferno, 15°48’45”S 48°55’32”W, 25.v.2011, L.M. de Camargos leg., 1 male and its pupal exuviae [pinned] (INPA-TRI 000067).
Paratypes: Same data as holotype, except 2 males and their pupal exuviae [alcohol] (INPA-TRI 000068); 2 larvae [alcohol] (INPA-TRI 000069); Itapuranga: P.7 área, 15°30’39”S 50°02’42”W, el. 667 m a.s.l., 09.ix.2008, B.S. Godoy, J. Simião-Ferreira, L.F. R. Holanda leg., 1 larva [alcohol] (LAMARH-UFG); P.1 pedra, 15°36’28.8”S 49°49’40.8”W, el. 628 m a.s.l., 2 male pupae (LAMARH-UFG). Rondônia, Colorado do Oeste: RO-370 (#26), 13°11’30.2’’S 60°34’27.9’’W; 12.ix.2012; Hamada, N.; Boldrini, R.; Fernandes, A.S.; Cavalcante, J.M. leg., 1 male and its pupal exuviae [pinned] (UMSP).
description: Published as part of Camargos, Lucas M., Pes, Ana Maria & Hamada, Neusa, 2020, New Neotropical species of Marilia Müller (Trichoptera: Odontoceridae), pp. 1-41 in Zootaxa 4853 (1) on pages 8-12, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4853.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4410232