cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
k.p Theory for Wurtzite InGaN Quantum Dot Arrays with Application to Ratchet Band Solar Cells
Creators: name: Robichaud, Luc-Eugène
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Solar cell
Semiconductor
Quantum dot

description: This thesis presents advancements on the modeling of quantum dots using Fourier-space k.p theory and on the use of InGaN quantum dots for ratchet band solar cells. Fourier-space based methods have generally assumed sharp material interfaces for electronic structure, strain and piezoelectric potential calculations in quantum dot systems. Additionally, standard Fourier-space methods have often assumed uniform elastic and dielectric constants for the strain and piezoelectric potential calculations. We present generalized methods to include smoothly varying alloy profiles for the quantum dots, including spatially varying elastic and dielectric constants for the strain and piezoelectric potential calculations. For the case of InGaN/GaN quantum dots, we show that the elastic and dielectric constants corrections are important for accurate strain, piezoelectric potentials, and electronic structure. The smooth alloy profiles are constructed by convolving sharp alloy profiles with a Gaussian, and we show that the electronic structure strongly depends on the smoothing kernel, indicating the need for precise alloy profiles for accurate electronic structures. We also present a new method that facilitates the coupling of strain into the k.p Hamiltonian when considering isolated dots, greatly reducing the computational costs of calculating the Hamiltonian matrix elements. Using the methods, we investigate the use of InGaN/GaN quantum dot superlattices as ratchet band solar cells, where we propose to use the piezoelectric potential to generate a ratchet. The piezoelectric potential can spatially separate confined electron and hole states, creating a spatial ratchet in order to reduce recombination. From our quantum dot k.p model, we calculate optical light absorption cross sections and present an improved method to calculate bound-to-continuum absorption, where electrons are excited out of the dots. In this method, we approximate the continuum states as bulk k.p states for GaN. By coupling our k.p model absorptions into a detailed balance model, we predict power conversion efficiencies. We find that a large number of QD layers is necessary to achieve sufficiently strong absorption as to reach high efficiencies, highlighting one of the key issues of QD-based solar cells. We consider systems which consists of up to 131000 layers of quantum dots and an ideal Lambertian back reflector with two different QD geometries. The first geometry possesses a strong spatial ratchet and can reach a maximum efficiency of 36% under a 1-sun 6000 K black-body spectrum. We verify the existence of the spatial ratchet through the optical properties of the system, showing that it truly has the potential to block recombination. We also present an efficiency optimized system that reaches a 42% detailed balance efficiency but does not have a spatial ratchet.
Solvable model for quantum criticality between Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev liquid and disordered Fermi liquid
Creators: name: Can, Oguzhan
name: Franz, Marcel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple solvable variant of the Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev (SYK) model which displays a quantum phase transition from a fast-scrambling non-Fermi liquid to disordered Fermi liquid. Like the canonical SYK model, our variant involves a single species of Majorana fermions connected by all-to-all random four-fermion interactions. The phase transition is driven by a random two-fermion term added to the Hamiltonian whose structure is inspired by proposed solid-state realizations of the SYK model. Analytic expressions for the saddle point solutions at large number $N$ of fermions are obtained and show a characteristic scale-invariant $\sim |ω|^{-1/2}$ behavior of the spectral function below the transition which is replaced by a $\sim |ω|^{-1/3}$ singularity exactly at the critical point. These results are confirmed by numerical solutions of the saddle point equations and discussed in the broader context of the field.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures plus appendices
title: Morphologische Entwicklung bei prälingual ertaubten Kindern nach Cochlea Implantation – eine kritische Literatursichtung
Creators: name: Reichmuth, Karen
name: am Zehnhoff-Dinnesen, Antoinette
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Seit über 15 Jahren wird in der Literatur zum Spracherwerb mit Cochlea-Implantaten (CI) diskutiert, ob einzelne linguistische Leistungen verschiedene Anforderungen an die prälingual ertaubten Kinder stellen. So wird häufig von relativen Stärken (u.a. für Wortschatzerwerb)[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Additional file 1: of Monitoring health inequalities when the socio-economic composition changes: are the slope and relative indices of inequality appropriate? Results of a simulation study
Creators: name: Franรงoise Renard
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Speybroeck, Niko
name: Deboosere, Patrick
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Full set of figures representing the evolution of the SII in function of P4 at fixed p1 and p2 (PDF 637 kb)
Dynamical Instability and Statistical Behaviour of N-Body Systems
Creators: name: Piero, Cipriani
name: Maria, Di Bari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We here describe the possibility of a synthetic description of the onset of Chaos in many degrees of freedom dynamical systems within the framework of the geometric description of dynamics. We show how this approach to instability helps to single out the transition between different regimes of stochasticity in typical as well peculiar N-body systems. It is shown how intermingled are the relationships between geometric properties of the manifold and stability properties of the dynamics, which do not follow any naive prescription. The implications concerning the possibility of a Statistical description are also addressed, and it is shown how the peculiarities of the interaction potential reflect themselves also on the geometric description. In particular, it is found that for the gravitational N-body system the dynamics possess features very similar to those of stable and tempered many body dynamical systems in the regime of strong stochasticity. All these issues are addressed from a semi-analytical approach, checked using well tailored numerical simulations, which help also to reinterpret some results recently appeared, and to correct to some extent previous claims presented in the literature.
description: 29 pages LaTeX with macro included, 8 postscript figures in a zip file, submitted to "Planetary and Space Science"
Official Language Minority Communities in Ontario: Understanding the Lived Experiences of Francophone Patients and Their Nursing Care Providers
Creators: name: Muray, Mwali
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Francophonie
subject: Linguistic Minorities
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Phenomenology
subject: Qualitative Research

description: Although Canada is a bilingual country, official language minority community patients struggle to access quality care in their language. This reality has been of concern for Francophone minority communities in Ontario, but has seldom been examined in a nursing context. This research sought to examine the lived experiences of registered nurses and nursing students providing care to French-speaking patients in Ontario, as well as the realities of Francophone patients seeking French language health care services in Ontario. The conceptual frameworks guiding the study were the “Four Levels of Change for Improving Quality” model and the “Four-Level Model of the Health Care System.” Using qualitative phenomenological inquiry, as influenced by Martin Heidegger and Max van Manen, 31 semi-structured interviews were conducted with three subsets (n=10 Francophone patients; n=10 nursing students; n=11 registered nurses) throughout Ontario who had experience with the phenomenon being investigated. Data collection took place over a year (2018-2019) and was analysed thematically. Significant findings were identified across the three groups. Participants revealed the patchwork of individual actions taking place to remedy the existing gaps regarding care for Francophone minority populations. This included navigating a health care system where good enough care was the unfortunate standard for Francophone patients, and discussing how Francophone patients and nursing care providers implement strategies individually to manage the lack of resources for Francophone patient populations in Ontario. This thesis asserts that official language minority communities and their nursing care providers remain faced with difficulties providing and receiving care in Ontario. While numerous structures and resources exist to remediate the problems, these interventions and resources are not always implemented systemically, leading to a disproportionate burden on individuals, significant risks for safety for patient populations, and ethical dilemmas for nursing care providers. Recommendations are provided to bridge the gaps and ensure considerations of the needs of linguistic minorities throughout the health care system.
Atoms with bosonic "electrons" in strong magnetic fields
Creators: name: Baumgartner, Bernhard
name: Seiringer, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground state properties of an atom with nuclear charge $Z$ and $N$ bosonic ``electrons'' in the presence of a homogeneous magnetic field $B$. We investigate the mean field limit $N\to\infty$ with $N/Z$ fixed, and identify three different asymptotic regions, according to $B\ll Z^2$, $B\sim Z^2$, and $B\gg Z^2$. In Region 1 standard Hartree theory is applicable. Region 3 is described by a one-dimensional functional, which is identical to the so-called Hyper-Strong functional introduced by Lieb, Solovej and Yngvason for atoms with fermionic electrons in the region $B\gg Z^3$; i.e., for very strong magnetic fields the ground state properties of atoms are independent of statistics. For Region 2 we introduce a general {\it magnetic Hartree functional}, which is studied in detail. It is shown that in the special case of an atom it can be restricted to the subspace of zero angular momentum parallel to the magnetic field, which simplifies the theory considerably. The functional reproduces the energy and the one-particle reduced density matrix for the full $N$-particle ground state to leading order in $N$, and it implies the description of the other regions as limiting cases.
description: LaTeX2e, 37 pages
Andreev quantum dots for spin manipulation
Creators: name: Chtchelkatchev, N. M.
name: Nazarov, Yu. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Andreev quantum dot (AQD) is a superconducting junction where Bogolyubov quasiparticles can be trapped in discrete Andreev levels. We investigate the feasibility of manipulating individual spin in an AQD. We show that AQD can be brought into spin-1/2 state. The coupling between spin and superconducting current facilitate manipulation and measurement of this state in comparison with common semiconductor quantum dots. We demonstrate that AQD's coupled inductively can serve as a solid-state base for universal quantum computing.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
title: Validierung des SOPESS-Sprachscreenings im Rahmen des ikidS-Projektes
Creators: name: Läßig, Anne Katrin
name: Hoffmann, Dorle
name: Diefenbach, Christiane
name: Gräf, Christine
name: König, Jochem
name: Schlecht, Jennifer
name: Schmidt, Martina Franziska
name: Schnick-Vollmer, Kathleen
name: von der Weiden, Gabriele
name: Daseking, Monika
name: Urschitz, Michael S.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Eine frühe Diagnostik und Behandlung von Entwicklungsstörungen vor der Einschulung ist für den weiteren Bildungserfolg maßgeblich. Deshalb wurde das SOzialPädiatrische EntwicklungsScreening für Schuleingangsuntersuchungen (SOPESS) entwickelt und im Rahmen[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Additional file 23: of Study Design, Protocol and Profile of the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) Pregnancy Cohort: a Prospective Cohort Study in Predominantly Low-Income Hispanic Women in Urban Los Angeles
Creators: name: Bastain, Theresa
name: Chavez, Thomas
name: Habre, Rima
name: Girguis, Mariam
name: Grubbs, Brendan
name: Toledo-Corral, Claudia
name: Amadeus, Milena
name: Shohreh Farzan
name: Al-Marayati, Laila
name: Lerner, Deborah
name: Noya, David
name: Quimby, Alyssa
name: Twogood, Sara
name: Wilson, Melissa
name: Chatzi, Leda
name: Cousineau, Michael
name: Kiros Berhane
name: Sandrah Eckel
name: Lurmann, Fred
name: Johnston, Jill
name: Dunton, Genevieve
name: Gilliland, Frank
name: Breton, Carrie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Three Month Post Birth Questionnaire. Questionnaire administered 3 months after child participant is born. (DOCX 155 kb)
title: Die isometrische Zungenprotrusionskraft und feinmotorische Fähigkeiten von Kindern mit orofazialen Dysfunktionen (OFD) – objektive quantitative Untersuchung des motorischen Systems (Q-Motor)
Creators: name: Stahl, Friederike
name: Pollex-Fischer, Dörte
name: Mathmann, Philipp
name: Weinhold, Leonie
name: Rohrbach-Volland, Saskia
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Kinder mit orofazialen Dysfunktionen (OFD) haben Einschränkungen in der Kraft und Koordination von Lippen und Zungenbewegungen. Dies führt neben Kau- und Schluckstörungen zu phonetisch-phonologischen Auffälligkeiten [ref:1], [ref:2]. Bislang[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Mine drainage from Lynx 8 & 10 levels and its implications to reclamation & closure plans at Myra Falls Operations
Creators: name: Dirom, Gavin C.
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This paper summarizes mine drainage research conducted from 1997 to 1999 at the Lynx underground mine. The poly-metallic mine is part of Boliden-Westmin's Myra Falls Operations (MFO), located in Strathcona Provincial Park. The Lynx mine is situated on the lower slope of Phillips Ridge, receiving greater than two metres of precipitation annually. The mine's ore body is geologically hosted within a volcanogenic massive sulphide (VMS) deposit: and resultant acid rock drainage (ARD) is known to discharge from mine workings. The primary goal of the research program was to improve the understanding of the mine drainage from Lynx's 8 and 10 levels in order to help evaluate the longterm implications for mine closure. The quantity and quality of mine discharge waters and their relationships to precipitation formed the technical basis of the study. The research findings indicate that seasonally acidic conditions occur in certain mine workings during the late summer and early fall months. The Lynx mine's hydrologie response to precipitation events is generally rapid, causing ARD products to be flushed-out during infiltration from freshet rains occurring in the fall. Data analysis and re-interpretations of previous research efforts indicate that the existing conceptual Closure Plan options for decommissioning the Lynx mine would not likely be sufficient to effectively seal the portals and mitigate mine drainage.
Geometry and Chaos on Riemann and Finsler Manifolds
Creators: name: Maria, Di Bari
name: Piero, Cipriani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss some general aspects of the so-called "geometrodynamical approach" (GDA) to Chaos and present some results obtained within this framework. In order to support the claim that the GDA isn't simply a mere re-transcription of the usual dynamics, but instead can give various hints on the understanding of the qualitative behaviour of dynamical systems (DS's), we then compare, from a formal point of view, the tools used within the usual framework of Hamiltonian dynamics to detect the presence of Chaos with the corresponding ones used within the GDA, i.e., the tangent dynamics and the geodesic deviation equations, respectively, pointing out their general inequivalence. Moreover, to highlight both the peculiarities of the methods and the analogies between them, we work out two concrete applications to the study of very different, yet typical in distinct contexts, dynamical systems. The first is the well-known Henon-Heiles Hamiltonian, which allows to exploit how the Finsler GDA is well suited not only for testing the dynamical behaviour of systems with few degrees of freedom, but even to get deeper insights on the sources of instability. Then, in order to point out the general applicability of the method, we present the results obtained from the geometrical description of a General Relativistic DS, whose peculiarity is well known, as its very nature has been debated since long time, namely the Bianchi IX (BIX) cosmological model. Using the Finsler GDA, we obtain results with a "built-in" invariance, which give evidence to the non chaotic behaviour of this system, excluding any global exponential instability in the evolution of the geodesic deviation.
description: 22 pages LaTeX, with personal macro included, 4 postscript figures in a single zip file. Submitted to "Planetary and Space Science"
Quantum valley Hall effect, orbital magnetism, and anomalous Hall effect in twisted multilayer graphene systems
Creators: name: Liu, Jianpeng
name: Ma, Zhen
name: Gao, Jinhua
name: Dai, Xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the electronic structures and topological properties of $(M+N)$-layer twisted graphene systems. We consider the generic situation that $N$-layer graphene is placed on top of the other $M$-layer graphene, and is twisted with respect to each other by an angle $θ$. In such twisted multilayer graphene (TMG) systems, we find that there exists two low-energy flat bands for each valley emerging from the interface between the $M$ layers and the $N$ layers. These two low-energy bands in the TMG system possess valley Chern numbers that are dependent on both the number of layers and the stacking chiralities. In particular, when the stacking chiralities of the $M$ layers and $N$ layers are opposite, the total Chern number of the two low-energy bands for each valley equals to $\pm(M+N-2)$ (per spin). If the stacking chiralities of the $M$ layers and the $N$ layers are the same, then the total Chern number of the two low-energy bands for each valley is $\pm(M-N)$ (per spin). The valley Chern numbers of the low-energy bands are associated with large, valley-contrasting orbital magnetizations, suggesting the possible existence of orbital ferromagnetism and anomalous Hall effect once the valley degeneracy is lifted either externally by a weak magnetic field or internally by Coulomb interaction through spontaneous symmetry breaking.
BRST operator quantization of generally covariant gauge systems
Creators: name: Ferraro, Rafael
name: Sforza, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BRST generator is realized as a Hermitian nilpotent operator for a finite-dimensional gauge system featuring a quadratic super-Hamiltonian and linear supermomentum constraints. As a result, the emerging ordering for the Hamiltonian constraint is not trivial, because the potential must enter the kinetic term in order to obtain a quantization invariant under scaling. Namely, BRST quantization does not lead to the curvature term used in the literature as a means to get that invariance. The inclusion of the potential in the kinetic term, far from being unnatural, is beautifully justified in light of the Jacobi's principle.
description: 16 pages (LaTeX manuscript). Revised version (minor changes) to appear in Physical Review D
title: Gebrauch geschlechtergerechter Sprache in der Wissenschaft
Creators: name: Tiemeyer, Tabea
name: Ivanov, Christine
name: Lange, Maria B.
name: Ptok, Martin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Das Deutsche verfügt über drei Genera: Maskulinum, Femininum und Neutrum. Die verschiedenen Genera von Nomina wie haben nur formal eine Bedeutung. Das semantische Geschlecht, die Unterscheidung zwischen „weiblich“ und „männlich“[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Additional file 22: of Study Design, Protocol and Profile of the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) Pregnancy Cohort: a Prospective Cohort Study in Predominantly Low-Income Hispanic Women in Urban Los Angeles
Creators: name: Bastain, Theresa
name: Chavez, Thomas
name: Habre, Rima
name: Girguis, Mariam
name: Grubbs, Brendan
name: Toledo-Corral, Claudia
name: Amadeus, Milena
name: Shohreh Farzan
name: Al-Marayati, Laila
name: Lerner, Deborah
name: Noya, David
name: Quimby, Alyssa
name: Twogood, Sara
name: Wilson, Melissa
name: Chatzi, Leda
name: Cousineau, Michael
name: Kiros Berhane
name: Sandrah Eckel
name: Lurmann, Fred
name: Johnston, Jill
name: Dunton, Genevieve
name: Gilliland, Frank
name: Breton, Carrie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: MADRES 1-Month Questionnaire_Spanish. Spanish questionnaire administered during the 1-month study visit. (DOCX 112 kb)
title: Neue Neuroimaging-Befunde zum Stottern: von der Lokalisation zur Funktion
Creators: name: Neumann, Katrin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Frühere Neuroimaging-Studien zum Stottern konzentrierten sich hauptsächlich auf bestimmte zerebrale Regionen oder Verbindungen, die entweder als Regions of Interest vordefiniert oder von theoretischen Überlegungen oder früheren Erkenntnissen geleitet wurden. Im Laufe[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Land ownership and farming on the South Downs in West Sussex c. 1840-1940.
Creators: name: Godfrey, John
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2004

description: Sussex Archaeological Collections, 140, 113-123
description: An examination of documentary evidence relating to the 100 square miles of the South Downs between the rivers Arun and Adur enables a picture to be built up of the way the land was owned and farmed during a century of rapid agricultural and social change. The study confirms the importance of large landowners in the West Sussex downland and the position of the study area as the natural habitat of the close parish. Changes over time and in the fortunes of individual families are discussed, as are changes in the size of holdings and the growth of owner-occupation. Finally, changes in land-use are described, with particular attention being drawn to the changing balance between arable and pasture on farms in the study area, the abandonment of remote farmsteads and the importance of mineral working and forestry. As the Second World War approached, military use also became important.
title: Die Wirkung onlinetherapeutischer im Vergleich zu herkömmlicher Stotterbehandlung
Creators: name: Neumann, Katrin
name: Anders, Kristina
name: Euler, Harald
name: von Gudenberg, Alexander Wolff
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Telemedizinische Verfahren könnten auch für die Behandlung des Stotterns nutzbringend sein. Evidenzbasierte Belege über die Wirksamkeit sind im deutschsprachigen Bereich nicht bekannt [ref:3]. Es wird angenommen, dass eine Online-Behandlung der Kasseler Stottertherapie[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Correlation between emission and relative intensity noise spectral profiles of an Er-doped fiber superfluorescent source
Creators: name: Guo, Xuanchen
name: Chai, Quan
name: Zhao, Xueying
name: Ma, Shaonian
name: Xiao, Gui
name: Zhang, Jianzhong
name: LEWIS, ELFED
name: Peng, Gang-Ding
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 40
subject: Engineering

description: The spectral characteristics of the relative intensity noise (RIN) of two amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) sources are experimentally measured. An Er-doped fiber superfluorescent source (EDF-SFS) is investigated and compared with a super-luminescent diode (SLD) source, using a simple tunable fiber Bragg grating filter-based system. Experimental results based on normal ASE operation conditions showed that the RIN distribution of the EDF-SFS is correlated with its emission spectral profile, which is different from the results observed using the SLD source. This finding shows for the first time that an EDF-SFS based ASE has fundamentally different RIN characteristics from other known existing spontaneous emission broadband sources. The amplifying process of the EDF-SFS is discussed and confirmed using a rate equation-based simulation.
On the mass accretion rate and infrared excess in Herbig Ae/Be Stars
Creators: name: Arun, R.
name: Mathew, Blesson
name: Manoj, P.
name: Ujjwal, K.
name: Kartha, Sreeja S.
name: Viswanath, Gayathri
name: Narang, Mayank
name: Paul, K. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present study makes use of the unprecedented capability of the Gaia mission to obtain the stellar parameters such as distance, age, and mass of HAeBe stars. The accuracy of Gaia DR2 astrometry is demonstrated from the comparison of the Gaia DR2 distances of 131 HAeBe stars with the previously estimated values from the literature. This is one of the initial studies to estimate the age and mass of a confirmed sample of HAeBe stars using both the photometry and distance from the Gaia mission. Mass accretion rates are calculated from $Hα$ line flux measurements of 106 HAeBe stars. Since we used distances and the stellar masses derived from the Gaia DR2 data in the calculation of mass accretion rate, our estimates are more accurate than previous studies. The mass accretion rate is found to decay exponentially with age, from which we estimated a disk dissipation timescale of $1.9\pm 0.1$ Myr. Mass accretion rate and stellar mass exhibits a power law relation of the form, $\dot{M}_{acc}$ $\propto$ $M_{*}^{2.8\pm0.2}$. From the distinct distribution in the values of the infrared spectral index, $n_{2-4.6}$, we suggest the possibility of difference in the disk structure between Herbig Be and Herbig Ae stars.
description: 14 pages, 1 table, 6 figures, accepted for publication in AJ
Statistical Entropy of Nonextremal Four-Dimensional Black Holes and U-Duality
Creators: name: Horowitz, G. T.
name: Lowe, D. A.
name: Maldacena, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify the states in string theory which are responsible for the entropy of near-extremal rotating four-dimensional black holes in $N=8$ supergravity. For black holes far from extremality (with no rotation), the Bekenstein-Hawking entropy is exactly matched by a mysterious duality invariant extension of the formulas derived for near-extremal black holes states.
description: 9 pages, harvmac
Measurement of the Ratio of the Neutron to Proton Structure Functions, and the Three-Nucleon EMC Effect in Deep Inelastic Electron Scattering Off Tritium and Helium-3 Mirror Nuclei
Creators: Liu, Hanjie
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Physics
Nuclear physics
Quarks
Particles (Nuclear physics)
Scattering (Physics)

description: The proton and neutron structure functions F2p and F2n, respectively are fundamental to understanding many studies in nuclear physics. They provide important information about quark distributions. For example, the ratio F2n/F2p is one of the best measurements to find the ratio of d quark over u quark distribution inside the proton. While the calculations of structure functions and quark distributions are non-perturbative, they can be determined by the parameterization of experimental data. The understanding of F2n/F2p and d/u as x → 1 has a large influence on global fits and parameterization, and can be used to distinguish the non-perturbative models which give different predictions. However, F2n/F2p measured using deuteron and hydrogen targets has large nuclear uncertainties at large x, because the nuclear effects in the deuteron become significant at large x. The MARATHON experiment, which ran in spring 2018 using the upgraded 11 GeV Jefferson Lab electron beam, employs a novel method. It performed deep inelastic scattering off tritium and helium-3 mirror nuclei to measure F2n/F2p over the range x = 0.17 to x = 0.82. Since tritium and helium-3 are mirror nuclei, theoretical uncertainties largely cancel out in the ratio. The extracted F2n/F2p has much smaller uncertainties compared with previous experiments at large x. The MARATHON experiment also provided results on the EMC effect for tritium and helium-3 nuclei. The results are considered essential for understanding the EMC effect. This thesis describes the MARATHON experiment, and presents results for F2n/F2p, and the EMC effect for tritium and helium-3.
Additional file 21: of Study Design, Protocol and Profile of the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) Pregnancy Cohort: a Prospective Cohort Study in Predominantly Low-Income Hispanic Women in Urban Los Angeles
Creators: name: Bastain, Theresa
name: Chavez, Thomas
name: Habre, Rima
name: Girguis, Mariam
name: Grubbs, Brendan
name: Toledo-Corral, Claudia
name: Amadeus, Milena
name: Shohreh Farzan
name: Al-Marayati, Laila
name: Lerner, Deborah
name: Noya, David
name: Quimby, Alyssa
name: Twogood, Sara
name: Wilson, Melissa
name: Chatzi, Leda
name: Cousineau, Michael
name: Kiros Berhane
name: Sandrah Eckel
name: Lurmann, Fred
name: Johnston, Jill
name: Dunton, Genevieve
name: Gilliland, Frank
name: Breton, Carrie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: MADRES 1-Month Questionnaire. Questionnaire administered during the 1-month study visit. (DOCX 132 kb)
title: Sequentielles fingermotorisches Lernen bei stotternden Erwachsenen
Creators: name: Korzeczek, Alexandra
name: Cholin, Joana
name: Jorschick, Annett
name: Hewitt, Manuel
name: Sommer, Martin
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung Charakteristisch für die Redeflussstörung idiopathisches Stottern oder auch originäres nicht-syndromales Stottern sind unkontrollierte Unterbrechungen des Sprechflusses, welche mit einer Einschränkung der Lebensqualität einhergehen. Die Kontrollverluste des Sprechens[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Reduced administration frequency for the treatment of fungal keratitis: a sustained natamycin release from a micellar solution
Creators: name: Guo, Yiyuan
name: Karimi, Fatemeh
name: Fu, Qiang
name: Qiao, Greg. G.
name: Zhang, Hong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Natamycin is the only topical ophthalmic antifungal drug approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) of the United States, but has unsatisfactory factors such as high dosing frequency. We report the synthesis and preparation of self-assembled poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PEG-b-PGMA) micelles. These nanoparticles exhibit sustained delivery of a hydrophobic natamycin by topical administration on eye due to the hydrolysable properties of PGMA segments of micelle. Hydrolysis of glycidyl groups within a physiologically relevant environment provides an additional driving force for drug release by generation of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups to ‘push’ the encapsulated hydrophobic drug away from the resultant hydrophilic domains and into surrounding environment. In vitro and in vivo results revealed that the self-assembled micelles and the encapsulated natamycin were not cytotoxic and the released drug have strong antifungal ability to Candida albicans. Importantly, sustained natamycin release from micelles leads to the reduced administration frequency of natamycin from 8 times per day to 3 times per day in rabbits suffering from fungal keratitis (FK). This study demonstrates a facile method that can greatly reduce dosing frequency of natamycin administration and thus improve long-term patient compliance.
Measurement of long-range correlations in small systems with the ATLAS detector
Creators: Tu, Xiao
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Physics
Particles
Particle acceleration
Large Hadron Collider (France and Switzerland)
Collisions (Nuclear physics)

description: Two-charged-particle correlations are measured as a function of pseudorapidity and azimuthal angle difference in pp collisions at √s = 13, 2.76 and 5.02 TeV with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. A long-range structure in the two-dimensional function centered at ∆φ = 0 and extending over a large range of ∆η referred to as the “ridge” is seen in the three data sets. A template fitting method is implemented to extract the Fourier harmonics of the flow and gives the dependence of the harmonics on the charged-particle multiplicities. In this method a rescaled correlation function from peripheral events representing the recoil component plus a cosine modulation representing the ridge is used to describe the whole one-dimensional correlation function. Different multiplicity intervals for the peripheral events are used to extract the harmonics. The results presented show that vn,n from correlation functions can be factorized into the products of single particle vn. Significant contributions from v₂, v₃ and v₄ are obtained and their dependences on multiplicity and transverse momentum are studied. It is also shown that there is significant vn even in the lowest multiplicity bins. In addition, the second harmonics v₂ in pp do not have a significant dependence on both the multiplicity and collision energy. Results of pp and pPb at the same energy are compared with each other in both multiplicity and pT distributions. Both chᵗʳᵏ−chᵗʳᵏ and chᵗʳᵏ-muon correlations are measured in pPb collisions at √sNN = 8.16 TeV. Long-range correlations are studied through template fitting procedure. chᵗʳᵏ-v₂ increases with the number of reconstructed charged tracks at low multiplicity and saturates at high multiplicity. Muon-v₂ is considerably smaller than chᵗʳᵏ-v₂ and only has a weak dependence on event multiplicity. Factorization in both cases works pretty well. Two-charged-particle correlation functions are also measured in Xe+Xe events at √sNN = 5.44 TeV. In the most central collisions direct Fourier decomposition is preferred to avoid negative recoil component that might appear in the template fitting method. vn reaches its maximum value in the mid-centrality region and becomes smaller at both low and high centralities. Results are compared with Pb+Pb events at √sNN = 5.02 TeV showing that vn obtained from these two systems have similar values and behaviors.
Measure of Intention to Provide Patient-centered Care to People Experiencing Opioid Addiction and Overdose Among EMS Providers in the State of Maine
Creators: Allen, Denise Roberta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Opioid abuse
Opioid abuse--Treatment
Stigma (Social psychology)
Public health

description: The current opioid epidemic is devastating our communities. The American Medical Association’s Task Force on opioid addiction has identified stigma as a primary target of intervention for mitigating this epidemic. Stigma is a mark of disgrace or being objectionable. Experiences of stigma and resulting shame serve only to fuel health inequities experienced by people with opioid addiction. Emergency Medical Services (EMS) have an important role to play in mitigating this epidemic as entry-level providers in the healthcare system. The quality of that patient-provider encounter had the potential to shift intrinsic motivation to seek and maintain addiction treatment. Patient-centered care is identified as supporting therapeutic communication and is well-suited for rural EMS operations in Maine. The purpose of this research was to examine predictors of intention to provide patient-centered care to people experiencing opioid addiction and overdose (OAO) among EMS providers in the state of Maine.
      A cross-sectional online survey of currently licensed EMS providers offered a direct measure of intention to give patient-centered care to people experiencing OAO. Multiple regression analysis identified four predictor variables for intention: job satisfaction, exploring patient perspective, sharing information and power, and dealing with communicative challenges. The fitted model resulted in a significant R2 = .529, (F (4, 734) = 226.381, p < .001) exceeding the critical F statistic
      (F (4,739) = 2.384, p = .05), thus confirming the predictive value of the coefficients. Results suggested that EMS providers at all license levels will benefit from interventions that expand their knowledge of the medical definition of addiction and patient-centered care. EMS providers will also benefit from adopting approaches that support exploring the patient perspective and sharing information and power such as Motivational Interviewing and human performance strategies to develop awareness of socially conditioned biases that moderate provider attitudes. These evidence-based interventions could elevate the standard of care provided by EMS and reduce experiences of stigma in the patient-provider encounter. Reductions in stigma increase self-worth and prime motivation to seek and maintain treatment, thereby closing the treatment gap that exists for those experiencing opioid addiction in the state of Maine.
Antiepileptic drugs in aquatic environments: Occurrence, toxicity, transformation mechanisms and fate
Creators: name: Liu, Quanzhen
name: Wang, Long
name: Xu, Xiong
name: Yan, Saihong
name: Zha, Jinmiao
name: Wang, Donghong
name: Zhu, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The increasing consumption of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) has led to their widespread presence in aquatic environments, which poses a serious threat to human health and aquatic organisms. However, there is currently lack of a review to provide basic data and research directions for future scholars. This article was carried out to summarize toxicity, analytical methods, concentrations, transformation mechanisms and fate of AEDs and their metabolites/transformation products in aquatic environments according to existing literature. AEDs and their metabolites/transformation products were widely found in surface water, groundwater and drinking water with concentrations from ng L−1-μg L−1. AEDs at environmentally relevant concentrations have affected aquatic ecosystem, and partial AEDs could commonly cause the damage of antioxidant capacity for some aquatic organisms. The transformation of AEDs was always in the direction of oxidation, and hydroxylated and ketonizated products were conductive objectives in three pathways including human body, microorganisms and water treatment processes as the difference of transformation pathways was also observed. AEDs were supposed to dominate the concentration distribution in water phase than in sediment phase due to their chemical properties. Furthermore, photolysis was a main process for AEDs in the photic zone of receiving waters. Meanwhile, the current deficiencies of AEDs research are also pointed out. It is mainly reflected in the insufficient toxicity data and incomplete transformation pathways of AEDs and their metabolites/transformation products, which will underestimate their environmental hazards. Finally, the article also pointed out that more attention should be paid to identifying transformation products combining mechanisms analysis with nontarget analysis.
Additional file 1: of Study Design, Protocol and Profile of the Maternal And Developmental Risks from Environmental and Social Stressors (MADRES) Pregnancy Cohort: a Prospective Cohort Study in Predominantly Low-Income Hispanic Women in Urban Los Angeles
Creators: name: Bastain, Theresa
name: Chavez, Thomas
name: Habre, Rima
name: Girguis, Mariam
name: Grubbs, Brendan
name: Toledo-Corral, Claudia
name: Amadeus, Milena
name: Shohreh Farzan
name: Al-Marayati, Laila
name: Lerner, Deborah
name: Noya, David
name: Quimby, Alyssa
name: Twogood, Sara
name: Wilson, Melissa
name: Chatzi, Leda
name: Cousineau, Michael
name: Kiros Berhane
name: Sandrah Eckel
name: Lurmann, Fred
name: Johnston, Jill
name: Dunton, Genevieve
name: Gilliland, Frank
name: Breton, Carrie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: MADRES Intake Questionnaire. Questionnaire administered at the time of recruitment collecting contact and next of kin information. (DOCX 33 kb)
title: Aufbau eines bildleiterbasierten Stereo-Laryngoskops für das anatomiegerechte Routine-Screening der Latenz des laryngealen Adduktionsreflexes nach Auslösung durch Tropfenbeschuss
Creators: name: Fast, Jacob Friedemann
name: Krauth, Maurice
name: Ortmaier, Tobias
name: Ptok, Martin
name: Kahrs, Lüder Alexander
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund Krankhafte Veränderungen laryngealer Reflexe können zu einer Dysphagie führen, die das Risiko erhöht, an einer lebensbedrohlichen Pneumonie zu erkranken [ref:1]. Zum Routine-Screening und zur weiteren Charakterisierung des laryngealen Adduktionsreflexes (LAR)[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 36. Wissenschaftliche Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie (DGPP)
Anisotropic Lattice Models of Electrolytes
Creators: name: Kobelev, Vladimir
name: Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systems of charged particles on anisotropic three-dimensional lattices are investigated theoretically using Debye-Huckel theory. It is found that the thermodynamics of these systems strongly depends on the degree of anisotropy. For weakly anisotropic simple cubic lattices, the results indicate the existence of order-disorder phase transitions and a tricritical point, while the possibility of low-density gas-liquid coexistence is suppressed. For strongly anisotropic lattices this picture changes dramatically: the low-density gas-liquid phase separation reappears and the phase diagram exhibits critical, tricritical and triple points. For body-centered lattices, the low-density gas-liquid phase coexistence is suppressed for all degrees of anisotropy. These results show that the effect of anisotropy in lattice models of electrolytes amounts to reduction of spatial dimensionality.
description: RevTeX 4; 14 pages+5 pictures; Submitted to JCP
Max-plus Operators Applied to Filter Selection and Model Pruning in Neural Networks
Creators: name: Zhang, Yunxiang
name: Blusseau, Samy
name: Velasco-Forero, Santiago
name: Bloch, Isabelle
name: Angulo, Jesus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Following recent advances in morphological neural networks, we propose to study in more depth how Max-plus operators can be exploited to define morphological units and how they behave when incorporated in layers of conventional neural networks. Besides showing that they can be easily implemented with modern machine learning frameworks , we confirm and extend the observation that a Max-plus layer can be used to select important filters and reduce redundancy in its previous layer, without incurring performance loss. Experimental results demonstrate that the filter selection strategy enabled by a Max-plus is highly efficient and robust, through which we successfully performed model pruning on different neural network architectures. We also point out that there is a close connection between Maxout networks and our pruned Max-plus networks by comparing their respective characteristics. The code for reproducing our experiments is available online.