cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Surface structure and multigap superconductivity of V3Si (111) revealed by scanning tunneling microscopy
Creators: name: Ding, Shuyue
name: Zhao, Dongming
name: Jiang, Tianxing
name: Wang, Haitao
name: Feng, Donglai
name: Zhang, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V3Si, a classical silicide superconductor with relatively high TC (~16 K), is promising for constructing silicon-based superconducting devices and hetero-structures. However, real space characterization on its surfaces and superconducting properties are still limited. Here we report the first low-temperature scanning tunnelling microscopy (STM) study on cleaned V3Si (111) single crystal surface. We observed a r3 by r3 superstructure which displays mirror symmetry between adjacent terraces, indicating the surface is V-terminated and reconstructed. The tunneling spectrum shows full superconducting gap with double pairs of coherence peaks, but has a relatively small gap size with comparing to bulk TC. Impurity induced in-gap state is absent on surface defects but present on introduced magnetic adatoms. Upon applying magnetic field, a hexagonal vortex lattice is visualized. Interestingly, the vortex size is found to be field dependent, and the coherence length measured from single vortex at low field is significantly larger than estimated value from bulk H_c2. These results reflect V3Si is a multi-band, s- wave superconductor.
title: Secondary Central Nervous System Lymphoma: An Iconographic Essay.
Creators: name: Simonini, Virginia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Lymphoma
subject: Haematologic diseases
subject: Cancer
subject: Education
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Haematologic
subject: CNS
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To demonstrate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings in patients with secondary central nervous system (CNS)...
title: Is it a small bowel or ileocolic intussusception? That is the question in children.
Creators: name: Faure Bach, Nuria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Acute
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Paediatric
subject: Abdomen
subject: Paediatric
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the different types of intussusception in children and explain their key imaging findings to differentiate each one. To analyse its different causes and their imaging...
Investigation of the Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo Method Using Homogeneous Electron Gas Models
Creators: name: Shepherd, James J.
name: Booth, George H.
name: Alavi, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the homogeneous electron gas (HEG) as a model, we investigate the sources of error in the `initiator' adaptation to Full Configuration Interaction Quantum Monte Carlo (i-FCIQMC), with a view to accelerating convergence. In particular we find that the fixed shift phase, where the walker number is allowed to grow slowly, can be used to effectively assess stochastic and initiator error. Using this approach we provide simple explanations for the internal parameters of an i-FCIQMC simulation. We exploit the consistent basis sets and adjustable correlation strength of the HEG to analyze properties of the algorithm, and present finite basis benchmark energies for N=14 over a range of densities $0.5 \leq r_s \leq 5.0$ a.u. A \emph{single-point extrapolation} scheme is introduced to produce complete basis energies for 14, 38 and 54 electrons. It is empirically found that, in the weakly correlated regime, the computational cost scales linearly with the plane wave basis set size, which is justifiable on physical grounds. We expect the fixed shift strategy to reduce the computational cost of many \iFCIQMC calculations of weakly correlated systems. In addition, we provide benchmarks for the electron gas, to be used by other quantum chemical methods in exploring periodic solid state systems.
description: 16 pages, 22 figures
Assessing the Compound Impacts of Precipitation and Temperature on Agriculture in the Upper Colorado River Basin
Creators: name: Thames, Alexander
name: Hadjimichael, Antonia
name: Kukal, Meetpal
name: Cibin, Raj
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: precipitation
temperature
UCRB
agriculture
Upper Colorado River Basin

description: Poster presentation for AGU 2023.
The inflation response of the posterior bovine sclera
Creators: name: Myers, Kristin M.
name: Coudrillier, Baptiste
name: Boyce, Brad L.
name: Nguyen, Thao D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Materials science
Biomechanics

description: An in vitro inflation test method was developed to characterize the mechanical behavior of the bovine posterior sclera. The method used digital image correlation to provide a spatially resolved, full-field deformation map of the surface of the posterior sclera in response to controlled pressurization. A series of experiments were performed in the range of 2-6 kPa (15-45 mmHg) to characterize the load-unload displacement response at various pressure rates and the time-dependent displacement response at different applied pressures. The magnitude of the displacement was largest in the peripapillary region, mainly between the apex and the optic nerve head. Further, the results showed that bovine scleral tissue exhibited nonlinear and viscoelastic behavior characterized by a rate-dependent displacement response, hysteresis during unloading and creep. The creep rate was insensitive to the applied pressure, suggesting that the tissue can be modeled as a quasilinear viscoelastic material in the physiological pressure range of 2-6 kPa.
Brothers Without Borders? Investigating Process of Norm Evolution in the International Muslim Brotherhood
Creators: name: Mysliwiec, Anna
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011

description: The international Muslim Brotherhood is occasionally characterized by American commentators, especially those with right-wing leanings, as a radical Islamist movement on par with al-Qaeda: transnational, ambitious, and therefore inherently threatening to U.S. interests. Following the Gaza flotilla crisis in June 2010, Thomas Joscelyn commented in the Weekly Standard: "The more one looks into the details of the flotilla the more it becomes clear that the Brotherhood used the humanitarian mission for its own purpose, namely, to assist its Palestinian branch—Hamas." Joscelyn paints a picture of a tight-knit, well-organized movement, a many-headed hydra that could pop up anywhere to accomplish its own nefarious ends.
Interrupt Timed Automata: verification and expressiveness
Creators: name: Bérard, Béatrice
name: Haddad, Serge
name: Sassolas, Mathieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the class of Interrupt Timed Automata (ITA), a subclass of hybrid automata well suited to the description of timed multi-task systems with interruptions in a single processor environment. While the reachability problem is undecidable for hybrid automata we show that it is decidable for ITA. More precisely we prove that the untimed language of an ITA is regular, by building a finite automaton as a generalized class graph. We then establish that the reachability problem for ITA is in NEXPTIME and in PTIME when the number of clocks is fixed. To prove the first result, we define a subclass ITA- of ITA, and show that (1) any ITA can be reduced to a language-equivalent automaton in ITA- and (2) the reachability problem in this subclass is in NEXPTIME (without any class graph). In the next step, we investigate the verification of real time properties over ITA. We prove that model checking SCL, a fragment of a timed linear time logic, is undecidable. On the other hand, we give model checking procedures for two fragments of timed branching time logic. We also compare the expressive power of classical timed automata and ITA and prove that the corresponding families of accepted languages are incomparable. The result also holds for languages accepted by controlled real-time automata (CRTA), that extend timed automata. We finally combine ITA with CRTA, in a model which encompasses both classes and show that the reachability problem is still decidable. Additionally we show that the languages of ITA are neither closed under complementation nor under intersection.
title: How to perform a 2D-Shear wave Elastography procedure - Practical advices to get a reliable assessment of the liver disease severity with new esaote QElaXto 2D
Creators: name: Maiocchi, Laura
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Elastography
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera
subject: Not applicable
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Describe an Ultrasound 2D shear wave elastography (SWE) procedure with QElaXto 2D (Esaote S.p.A., Genova, Italy) for the liver stiffness evaluation in order to get a reliable assessment of the liver disease severity. Provide the descriptions and the...
Woody Allen and America's Declining Power to Persuade
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: International relations

description: “I forbid you! I forbid you to go! I’m forbidding it! Is that what you do when I forbid you? I’m not going to be forbidding you a lot.” This is not something Secretary of State Hillary Clinton said on her recent trip to Pakistan regarding efforts by the Pakistani government to combat terrorism, nor is it something she said to Bibi Netanyahu regarding settlements in the West Bank during her recent trip to Israel, but it might have been.
One earth, one species history and one future: planet justice and indigenous resistance in the Anthropocene
Creators: name: Pandit, Saptaparni
name: Purakayastha, Anindya Sekhar
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2017
Subjects: survival ethics
eco-justice
sustainability
natural resources
Earth Democracy
Orissa

description: Presented at the Environmental justice in the Anthropocene symposium held on April 24-25, 2017 at the Lory Student Center, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Colorado. This symposium aims to bring together academics (faculty and graduate students), independent researchers, community and movement activists, and regulatory and policy practitioners from across disciplines, research areas, perspectives, and different countries. Our overarching goal is to build on several decades of EJ research and practice to address the seemingly intractable environmental and ecological problems of this unfolding era. How can we explore EJ amongst humans and between nature and humans, within and across generations, in an age when humans dominate the landscape? How can we better understand collective human dominance without obscuring continuing power differentials and inequities within and between human societies? What institutional and governance innovations can we adopt to address existing challenges and to promote just transitions and futures?
Economic Cooperation's Poor Track Record
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations

description: It seems as if whenever there is a disputed territory or ethnic conflict, regardless of where, the strategy of pursuing economic cooperation to ameliorate political and ethnic tension is enthusiastically pursued by foreign governments and international organizations. The rationale behind this is hard to question because Palestinians and Israelis, ethnic and Abkhaz and ethnic Georgians, Armenians and Turks and other similar pairings all value the opportunity to make money and do business. This is also approach is also consistent with the post-Cold War global consensus in Washington and elsewhere that markets solve all problems. The reality that these types of programs have rarely had a significant impact on resolving territorial disputes has not appeared to daunt proponents of the shared economic venture as path to peace approach. These programs have generally had a marginal effect as conflicts have either endured in spite of these programs, or more frequently these programs have failed to get off the ground because the conflict and rancor between the groups.
Utilizing RxNorm to Support Practical Computing Applications: Capturing Medication History in Live Electronic Health Records
Creators: name: Bennett, Casey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: RxNorm was utilized as the basis for direct-capture of medication history data in a live EHR system deployed in a large, multi-state outpatient behavioral healthcare provider in the United States serving over 75,000 distinct patients each year across 130 clinical locations. This tool incorporated auto-complete search functionality for medications and proper dosage identification assistance. The overarching goal was to understand if and how standardized terminologies like RxNorm can be used to support practical computing applications in live EHR systems. We describe the stages of implementation, approaches used to adapt RxNorm's data structure for the intended EHR application, and the challenges faced. We evaluate the implementation using a four-factor framework addressing flexibility, speed, data integrity, and medication coverage. RxNorm proved to be functional for the intended application, given appropriate adaptations to address high-speed input/output (I/O) requirements of a live EHR and the flexibility required for data entry in multiple potential clinical scenarios. Future research around search optimization for medication entry, user profiling, and linking RxNorm to drug classification schemes holds great potential for improving the user experience and utility of medication data in EHRs.
description: Appendix (including SQL/DDL Code) available by author request. Keywords: RxNorm; Electronic Health Record; Medication History; Interoperability; Unified Medical Language System; Search Optimization
title: The Way that MRI Looks into Different Types of Retinoblastoma
Creators: name: Souza, Helena
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Image registration
subject: Cancer
subject: Surgery
subject: Comparative studies
subject: Biopsy
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Paediatric
subject: Head and neck
subject: Eyes
subject: Oncologic Imaging

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: -To produce an iconographic essay of Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) of retinoblastoma through the database of a cancer referral service in Rio de Janeiro, where patients were submitted for treatment and follow up evaluation. -To facilitate the...
Change and Continuity in Global Politics
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations

description: Coverage of foreign affairs tends to focus on change, specifically how events change a country, a particular region or the world. We have been told that the end of the Cold War, the attacks of September 11th, Bush's decision to go to war in Iraq, the global economic crisis, the emergence of China as a global power and a few other events in the last twenty years have changed everything about the world. All of these events certainly had significant impacts on the world, or on part of the world, but focusing too much on how events like September 11th changed the world only tells one side of the story. This is exacerbated by a media and punditry that focuses often overstate the impact of political events. The other side of the story, that even world changing events are usually as much about continuity as change, does not get as much attention, but is also important. Ignoring this continuity, or focusing on the changes to a degree that precludes and understanding of the continuity is a mistake.
Overlapping Resonances Interference-induced Transparency: The $S_0 \to S_2/S_1$ Photoexcitation Spectrum of Pyrazine
Creators: name: Grinev, Timur
name: Shapiro, Moshe
name: Brumer, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of "overlapping resonances interference-induced transparency" (ORIT) is introduced and studied in detail for the $S_0 \to S_2/S_1$ photoexcitation of cold pyrazine (C$_4$H$_4$N$_2$). In ORIT a molecule becomes transparent at specific wavelengths due to interferences between envelopes of spectral lines displaying overlapping resonances. An example is the $S_2\leftrightarrow S_1$ internal conversion in pyrazine where destructive interference between overlapping resonances causes the $S_0 \to S_2/S_1$ light absorption to disappear at certain wavelengths. ORIT may be of practical importance in multi-component mixtures where it would allow for the selective excitation of some molecules in preference to others. Interference induced cross section enhancement is also shown.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures
Leishmania donovani Cathepsin B: Impact on Proteins and ncRNAs of Small Extracellular Vesicles, and on Infection Metabolism
Creators: name: Dos Santos Meira, Camila
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Proteomics
subject: Transcriptomics
subject: Metabolomics
subject: Leishmania
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Parasitology

description: Leishmaniasis is a spectrum of chronic diseases caused by protozoan parasites of the Leishmania genus. These parasites can circumvent immune defenses and survive in phagolysosomes of host cells by disrupting signaling processes and cellular functions. Leishmania virulence factors including papain-like cysteine proteases, have been extensively implicated in immune evasion and parasite differentiation. The disruption of the cathepsin B-like cysteine protease of L. donovani was found to attenuate infectivity and induce proteome remodeling in these parasites, affecting the expression of metabolic enzymes and proteins released in extracellular vesicles (EVs). Here, the effects of L. donovani cathepsin B on EV-derived proteins and small non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), and on metabolism of infected macrophages were investigated. L. donovani cathepsin B wild type (WT), cathepsin B knockout (KO), and episomally complemented knockout (CM) parasites were used to generate comparative proteomic and transcriptomic profiles of small EVs (sEVs), and of metabolites in the spent media of infected U937 cells. LC-MS/MS semi-quantitative analyses revealed the cathepsin B-induced modulation of diverse elements in sEVs, including metabolic enzymes, calpain cysteine proteases, kinases, and translation-related components. Protein-protein networks were remarkable in sEVs and cathepsin B-induced alterations in their proteomes seemed to differ from those previously observed in the parasites, indicating selective packaging of protein cargo in these vesicles. The exploration of the Illumina sequenced small RNAs (18-30nt) from sEVs showed striking abundances of tRNA, rRNA and snoRNA fragments originating from a small subset of genes and with suspected regulatory functions. Moreover, ncRNA genes were differentially expressed in WT and CM sEVs, while KO sEVs exhibited significant expression of coding genes. The bioinformatics predictions of miRNA-like and other regulatory elements for non-annotated transcripts identified in sEVs suggested potential non-canonical regulatory mechanisms in Leishmania. The mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics study indicated extensive differences in the metabolism of macrophages infected with L. donovani WT, KO and CM, especially in nucleotide, energy and carbon metabolisms. Several disturbances appeared to correlate with cathepsin B-induced modulation of metabolic enzymes. Overall, the data suggest the participation of cathepsin B in protein and RNA sorting/packaging into Leishmania EVs and demonstrate the potential mechanisms by which this protease affects host-parasite interaction.
On the characteristics of tidal structures of interacting galaxies
Creators: name: Mohamed, Y. H.
name: Reshetnikov, V. P.
name: Sotnikova, N. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of our analysis of the geometrical tidal tail characteristics for nearby and distant interacting galaxies. The sample includes more than two hundred nearby galaxies and about seven hundred distant ones. The distant galaxies have been selected in several deep fields of the Hubble Space Telescope (HDF-N, HDF-S, HUDF, GOODS, GEMS) and they are at mean redshift z=0.65. We analyze the distributions of lengths and thicknesses for the tidal structures and show that the tails in distant galaxies are shorter than those in nearby ones. This effect can be partly attributed to observational selection effects, but, on the other hand, it may result from the general evolution of the sizes of spiral galaxies wih z. The location of interacting galaxies on the galaxy luminosity ($L$) -- tidal tail length ($l$) plane are shown to be explained by a simple geometrical model, with the upper envelope of the observed distribution being $l \propto \sqrt{L}$. We have solved the problem on the relationship between the observed distribution of tail flattening and the tail length in angular measure by assuming the tidal tails to be arcs of circumferences visible at arbitrary angles to the line of sight. We conclude that the angular length of the tidal tails visually distinguished in nearby and distant galaxies, on average, exceeds 180 degrees.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; Astron.Lett. vol.37, 2011
title: Top signs in gastrointestinal radiology
Creators: name: Saravanan, Kumar
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Abdomen
subject: GI Tract
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: The purpose of this educational poster is to briefly describe and provide illustrations of classical imaging signs in gastrointestinal tract. To enumerate the features related to each signs and emphasis the cause of appearance of these signs and the...
title: Current status of imaging biobanks: limits and challenges
Creators: name: Restante, Giuliana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Hybrid, Molecular and Translational Imaging
subject: Management
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: PET
subject: Education
subject: Ethics
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Education and training
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: ·To provide information on theevolution of the traditional biobank ·To describe the structure and composition of existing imaging biobanks, focusing on technical, ethical and legal...
Georgia Postbellum
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: East Europeans
International relations

description: Last summer’s war in Georgia brought into sharp focus several key components of U.S. foreign policy in the post-Cold War period, and raised major questions about the future of U.S. relations with Russia, Georgia and most of the former Soviet region. The war was also a wake-up call (to those who may somehow have still been asleep): The post-Cold War period—a time marked by a prostrate Russia and virtually unchecked American power in the region—is over. In this new post-post-Cold War period, the challenge for U.S. policymakers is to craft a strategy that recognizes both the potential danger Russia poses to its neighbors and the limits to U.S. influence in the region— limits that have only grown tighter thanks to the ongoing global economic crisis. The war has already forced the United States to take a more critical look at its relationships with both Georgia and Russia. That task fell to a Bush Administration as it was coming to an end. But the war also forces us to situate those challenges in the context of a triangular relationship between Russia, the United States and Europe, because the United States cannot formulate an effective policy toward Russia without the sup - port of the Europeans. This task falls to the Obama Administration as it is just beginning.
Putting the pieces together : tracing fragmentation in Ontario water governance
Creators: name: Cook, Christina Lillian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This socio-legal study of fragmentation in Ontario water governance is positioned at the nexus of governance studies and the study of water management. It investigates the legal institutions that contribute to fragmentation in water governance, the associated governance patterns, and the consequences for Ontario water management. This is highly relevant in the Canadian context because jurisdictional fragmentation is frequently cited as a key barrier to improved water management outcomes. Three questions guided this research: (1) How did legal institutions create conditions in which governance is more or less fragmented? (2) How does fragmentation occur? (3) Is fragmentation a problem? To answer these questions the dissertation undertakes a comprehensive, but focused, historical review of water governance in Ontario from Confederation to 2010. The dissertation relies on four sources of data: a review of federal and provincial government documents in Canada; engagement with the academic literature, jurisprudence (Canada, UK, and USA); and data derived from thirty-three interviews and direct observation at four academic and professional water policy conferences. The dissertation makes three key findings. First, legal institutions are sources of jurisdictional fragmentation, creating conditions in which water governance can be more or less fragmented. Second, the dissertation finds jurisdictional fragmentation is associated with a variety of governance patterns. Finally, it finds the water governance and management literature has not been sufficiently critical of the fragmentation-integration challenge, too frequently framing integration as a solution without its own challenges. Fragmentation may or may not be a problem depending on the context; the consequences of fragmentation are variable. These findings are important for moving policy forward. Jurisdictional fragmentation is a key feature of Canadian governance as well as an important feature of governance initiatives that seek to engage stakeholders in place-specific management solutions.
title: Altersteilzeit: Zunehmend Beschäftigungsbrücke zum späteren Renteneintritt
title: Wegfall der Förderung verengt auch den Zugang in nichtgeförderte Altersteilzeit – Nachfolgetarifverträge fehlen
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Brussig, Martin
name: Knuth, Matthias
name: Wojtkowski, Sascha
Publisher: name: DuEPublico: Duisburg-Essen Publications Online, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany
Year: 2018

description: Auf einen Blick …
• Gegenwärtig sind über 500.000 ältere Arbeitnehmer/innen in Altersteilzeit beschäftigt. Damit genießen etwa 20 Prozent aller sozialversicherungspflichtigen Arbeitnehmer/innen ab 55 Jahren die mit der Altersteilzeit verbundenen Vorteile: eine teilweise Kompensation des mit der Arbeitszeitreduzierung einhergehenden Einkommensverlustes und einen weitgehenden Ausgleich in der Gesetzlichen Rentenversicherung.
• Das Durchschnittsalter der Altersteilzeitbeschäftigten ist zwischen 1997 und 2007 von 57,7 auf 59,1 Jahre und damit stärker als das Durchschnittsalter aller sozialversicherungspflichtig Beschäftigten zwischen 55 und 65 Jahren gestiegen. Immer mehr Altersteilzeitbeschäftigte gehen erst mit 63 Jahren oder später in Rente. Altersteilzeit unterstützt die Verlängerung von Beschäftigungszeiten in Richtung auf die gesetzliche Regelaltersgrenze.
• Im Falle der Ersatzeinstellung eines Arbeitslosen oder der Übernahme eines Aus-bildungsabsolventen erstattet die Bundesagentur für Arbeit dem Arbeitgeber die gesetzlich vorgeschriebenen Mehraufwendungen. Nach aktueller Gesetzeslage kann diese Förderung nur noch für Fälle von Altersteilzeit erfolgen, die bis Ende 2009 begonnen haben, während renten- und steuerrechtliche Vergünstigungen unbefristet bestehen bleiben. Bislang wurde weniger als die Hälfte der Fälle jemals im Rahmen der Arbeitsmarktpolitik gefördert.
• Jedoch: Der Zugang in Altersteilzeit wird durch Tarifverträge und betriebliche Vereinbarungen gesteuert. Viele derartige Vereinbarungen wurden auf das Ende der Förderungsmöglichkeit durch die Bundesagentur befristet. Da die tariflichen bzw. betrieblichen Regelungen bislang kaum erneuert wurden, könnte sich der Zugang auch in die nicht geförderte Altersteilzeit verengen.
• Mögliche Weiterentwicklungen sollten individuelle Wahlrechte von Beschäftigten im Altersübergang stärken und auf eine Reduktion von Arbeitsbelastungen zielen. Die Öffnung des Regelungsrahmens für Arbeitszeitverkürzungen auch jenseits einer exakten Halbierung der Arbeitszeit könnte neue Chancen für eine „echte“ Altersteilzeit eröffnen.
Georgia's Rose Revolution
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The Rose Revolution represented a victory not only for the Georgian people but for democracy globally. The revolution that took as its symbol a red rose demonstrated that, by aggressively contesting elections, exercising basic freedoms of speech and assembly, and applying smart strategic thinking, a democratic opposition can defeat a weak semi-democratic kleptocracy.
The Möbius function of generalized subword order
Creators: name: McNamara, Peter R. W.
name: Sagan, Bruce E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 06A07 (Primary), 05A05, 55P15, 68R15 (Secondary)

description: Let P be a poset and let P* be the set of all finite length words over P. Generalized subword order is the partial order on P* obtained by letting u \leq w if and only if there is a subword u' of w having the same length as u such that each element of u is less than or equal to the corresponding element of u' in the partial order on P. Classical subword order arises when P is an antichain, while letting P be a chain gives an order on compositions. For any finite poset P, we give a simple formula for the Mobius function of P* in terms of the Mobius function of P. This permits us to rederive in a easy and uniform manner previous results of Bjorner, Sagan and Vatter, and Tomie. We are also able to determine the homotopy type of all intervals in P* for any finite P of rank at most 1.
description: 29 pages, 4 figures. Incorporates referees' suggestions; to appear in Advances in Mathematics
Competitive Nonlinear Taxation and Constitutional Choice
Creators: name: Morelli, Massimo
name: Yang, Huanxing
name: Ye, Lixin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Finance
Economics

description: In an economy where agents have different productivities and mobility, we compare a unified nonlinear optimal taxation with the equilibrium taxation that would be chosen by two competing tax authorities if the same economy were divided into two States. The overall level of progressivity and redistribution is unambiguously lower under competitive taxation; the "rich" are always in favor of competing authorities, whereas the "poor" are always in favor of unified taxation; the preferences of the middle class depend on the initial conditions in terms of the distribution of abilities, the relative power of the various classes, and mobility costs.
title: The ultimate guide for chest calcifications: a review
Creators: name: Carvalho, João
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chest
subject: Cardiovascular system
subject: Lung
subject: Thorax
subject: CT
subject: Digital radiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Calcifications / Calculi
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the spectrum of disorders associatedd with thoracic calcifications; To show how characteristics of calcifications may help to differentiate between different...
Stretching Shadows: Wayang's Past and Present in a World of Media
Creators: name: Martin, Christopher Hillard
Publisher: name: Brandeis University
Year: 2024
Subjects: Indonesia
Performing Arts

description: What follows is a discussion of how the performance and practice of the art form known as wayang has been engaged in the ongoing process of culture-making in Indonesia. My experience at the Ramayana Ballet reflects wayang’s shifting identity and the changing shape of its cultural footprint in Indonesian society. I base this claim on my Indonesian-language interviews with a mixture of Yogyakarta residents and Balinese, as well as an exploration of wayang’s engagement with media, its drift away from the “liveness” that characterizes performance, and the process of secularization that has flavored, and sometimes outright replaced, wayang’s rituals with spectacles. Tempting as it may be to cast wayang’s interactions with contemporary Indonesian society as a conflict between traditional forms and modern sensibilities, I want to affirm Homi Bhabha’s claim that interactions between elements of contrasting times and cultural templates should not be painted with so broad a brush. I see wayang in Bhabha’s assertion that “the borderline engagements of cultural difference may as often be consensual as conflictual; they may confound our definition of tradition and modernity.”[1] I hope to present wayang as something outside these kinds of dichotomies. Instead of framing it as a fixture of a decayed, colonially-afflicted cultural identity, I want to emphasize wayang’s potential for flexibility, adaptation, and hybridity. From this perspective, wayang becomes something more than an Indonesian cultural artifact. It is a case study in the ability of performing arts to connect spirituality to technology, and a testament to the complex relationship between art and entertainment.
 [1] Homi Bhaba, The Location of Culture, (London and New York: Routledge), 3.
Gauging fractons and linearized gravity
Creators: name: Bertolini, Erica
name: Blasi, Alberto
name: Damonte, Andrea
name: Maggiore, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the covariant gauge field theory of fractons, which describe a new type of quasiparticles exhibiting novel and nontrivial properties. In particular, we focus on the field theoretical peculiarities which characterize this theory, starting from the fact that, if we accept the paradigm that quantum field theories are defined by their symmetries, fractons unavoidably come together with linearized gravity. The standard Faddeev-Popov procedure to gauge fix the theory leads to a scalar gauge condition, which has two important drawbacks: it is frozen in the Landau gauge and linearized gravity cannot be obtained as a limit. In this paper we adopt a tensorially alternative gauge fixing, which avoids both problems. In particular, this allows to show that important physical features, like the counting of the degrees of freedom, do not depend on a particular gauge choice, as expected. Moreover, the resulting gauge fixed theory contains both fractons and linearized gravity as a limit, differently from the standard scalar choice.
description: 22 pages
title: Penetrating paediatric injuries – a pictorial review from a level 1 London trauma centre
Creators: name: Panayiotou, Andrew
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Acute
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: CT
subject: Trauma
subject: Paediatric
subject: Emergency
subject: Paediatric
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To illustrate interesting cases of penetrating trauma in the paediatric population with emphasis on the mechanism of injury, initialimaging findings and radiological follow-up. 2. To highlight the importance of dose reduction using multi-modality...
Modeling an optical magnetometer with electronic circuits - Analysis and optimization
Creators: name: Wlodarczyk, Przemyslaw
name: Pustelny, Szymon
name: Zachorowski, Jerzy
name: Lipinski, Marcin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical magnetometers are currently able to achieve magnetometric sensitivities below 1 fT/Hz^1/2. Although such sensitivities are typically obtained for ultra-low-field measurements, a group of optical magnetometers allows the detection of the fields in much broader dynamic range without a significant compromise in the sensitivity. A particular example of such a device is the magnetometer exploiting amplitude-modulated nonlinear magneto-optical rotation. It enables to measure a magnetic field via detection of a polarization state of light traversing a medium subjected to the field. In this paper, an electronic-circuit analogue of such the magnetometer is elaborated. Its operation is investigated with an electronic-circuit design software, which allows to study the "magnetometer" performance as a function of various parameters. The ability to automate operation of the magnetometer and automatically track "magnetic field" is demonstrated. The simulations are verified with experimental results obtained with the magnetometer operating in one of the investigated arrangements.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, submitted to Journal of Instrumentation
Still Choosing between Bad and Worse in Iraq
Creators: name: Mitchell, Lincoln A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: International relations

description: One of the fundamental truths about U.S. involvement in Iraq since the fall of Baghdad is that withdrawing today will be very, very difficult, but withdrawing tomorrow will be harder; and, of course, withdrawing the day after tomorrow will be harder still.  This is a very disempowering situation as there is no good time to withdraw and postponing decisions, or action, only makes it worse.
title: The arachnoid web: magnetic resonance exploration methods and imaging findings
Creators: name: Manrique Zegarra, Martiel Marcé
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Myelography
subject: Cerebrospinal fluid
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging findings of the arachnoid web To show the usefulness of 2D-myelography in the diagnosis of this...
title: Μάρκετινγκ φαρμακείου - παραφαρμακευτικών προϊόντων
title: Pharmacy marketing - parapharmacy products
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μποτσώνη, Χρυσοβαλάντου
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Μάρκετινγκ
subject: Φαρμακείο
subject: Παραφαρμακευτικά προϊόντα

description: Οι φαρμακευτικές και παραφαρμακευτικές βιομηχανίες έχουν υποστεί σημαντικές μεταμορφώσεις τα τελευταία χρόνια, λόγω των εξελισσόμενων προτιμήσεων των καταναλωτών, των εξελίξεων στην τεχνολογία και των μεταβαλλόμενων κανονιστικών ρυθμίσεων. Η παρούσα διατριβή διερευνά τον περίπλοκο κόσμο του μάρκετινγκ στους τομείς του φαρμακείου και του παραφαρμακείου, με στόχο να ρίξει φως στις στρατηγικές, τις προκλήσεις και τις ευκαιρίες που αντιμετωπίζουν οι επιχειρήσεις που δραστηριοποιούνται σε αυτούς τους τομείς. Η μελέτη ξεκινά με την εις βάθος εξέταση της παγκόσμιας αγοράς φαρμακείων και παραφαρμακείων, επισημαίνοντας τους βασικούς παράγοντες της αγοράς, τις αναδυόμενες τάσεις και τη συμπεριφορά των καταναλωτών. Εμβαθύνει στις διακρίσεις μεταξύ φαρμακευτικών και παραφαρμακευτικών προϊόντων, διευκρινίζοντας τους ρόλους τους στο οικοσύστημα της υγειονομικής περίθαλψης και τη σημασία τους στις στρατηγικές μάρκετινγκ. Επιπλέον, η παρούσα διατριβή διερευνά τις μοναδικές προκλήσεις που αντιμετωπίζουν οι επιχειρήσεις φαρμακείων και παραφαρμακείων στην εμπορία των προϊόντων τους, συμπεριλαμβανομένων των αυστηρών κανονιστικών απαιτήσεων, του ανταγωνισμού από τους διαδικτυακούς λιανοπωλητές και των μεταβαλλόμενων προσδοκιών των καταναλωτών. Αναλύονται οι στρατηγικές που χρησιμοποιούν οι επιτυχημένες επιχειρήσεις για να ξεπεράσουν αυτές τις προκλήσεις, δίνοντας έμφαση στη σημασία των πελατοκεντρικών προσεγγίσεων, του ψηφιακού μάρκετινγκ και των βιώσιμων πρακτικών. Παρέχονται πολύτιμες πληροφορίες για τους ενδιαφερόμενους φορείς του κλάδου, τις επιχειρήσεις και τους υπεύθυνους χάραξης πολιτικής, υπογραμμίζοντας τη σημασία της προσαρμογής των στρατηγικών μάρκετινγκ ώστε να ανταποκρίνονται στις εξελισσόμενες ανάγκες των καταναλωτών, διατηρώντας παράλληλα τα υψηλότερα πρότυπα δεοντολογίας και φροντίδας των ασθενών.
title: Brown-Séquard syndrome after penetrating trauma.
Creators: name: García Rodríguez, María Paula
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Neuroradiology spine
subject: Emergency
subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To know the clinical and radiological presentations of the Brown Sequard syndrome. To recognize the value of CT and MRI in the diagnosis of this...
title: Computed tomography (CT) tractography: A novel technique for diagnostic tool in patients with Abdominal stab Wounds
Creators: name: Maatouk, Mohamed
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Emergency Imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Emergency
subject: CT
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Trauma
subject: Not applicable

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: we aimed to determine the reliability of CT tractography to indicate peritoneal violation in anterior abdominal stab wounds and to compare conventional CT for the evaluation of peritoneal...
title: Why is it still difficult to assess UCL tears – Gamekeeper’s thumb pitfalls and limitations
Creators: name: Murko, Jernej
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Not applicable
subject: Trauma
subject: Athletic injuries
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Ultrasound
subject: MR
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Extremities
subject: Musculoskeletal

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To review the imaging workup and potential limitations and pitfalls of injury of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb...
Observations on the radiative corrections to pion beta-decay
Creators: name: Passera, M.
name: Philippides, K.
name: Sirlin, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find that, in the local V-A theory, the radiative corrections to pion beta-decay involving the weak vector current, when evaluated in the current algebra (CA) formulation in which quarks are the fundamental underlying fields, show a small difference with the more elementary calculations based directly on the pion fields. We show that this difference arises from a specific short-distance effect that depends on the algebra satisfied by the weak and electromagnetic currents. On the other hand, we present a simple theoretical argument that concludes that this difference does not occur when the CA formulation is compared with the chiral perturbation theory (chiPT) approach. Comparisons with previous studies, and with a more recent calculation based on chiPT, are included. We also briefly review the important differences between the results in the local V-A theory and the Standard Model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure. V2: two paragraphs have been added in Section III. Final version on PRD