cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Towards journalometrical analysis of a scientific periodical: a case study
Creators: name: Mryglod, O.
name: Holovatch, Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we use several approaches to analyse a scientific journal as a complex system and to make a possibly more complete description of its current state and evolution. Methods of complex networks theory, statistics, and queueing theory are used in this study. As a subject of the analysis we have chosen the journal ``Condensed Matter Physics'' (http://www.icmp.lviv.ua/journal/). In particular, based on the statistical data regarding the papers published in this journal since its foundation in 1993 up to now we have composed the co-authorship network and extracted its main quantitative characteristics. Further, we analyse the priorities of scientific trends reflected in the journal and its impact on the publications in other editions (the citation ratings). Moreover, to characterize an efficiency of the paper processing, we study the time dynamics of editorial processing in terms of queueing theory and human activity analysis.
Additional file 5 of Multi-omics analysis reveals that natural hibernation is crucial for oocyte maturation in the female Chinese alligator
Creators: name: Lin, Jian-Qing
name: Yu, Jun
name: Jiang, Hua
name: Zhang, Yi
name: Wan, Qiu-Hong
name: Fang, Sheng-Guo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5 Table S3 The most enriched (FDR < 0.1) pathways of season-biased DEGs in the testis of Chinese alligator.
Effects of capillary number and flow rates on the hydrodynamics of droplet generation in T-junction microfluidic systems
Creators: name: Venkateshwarlu, Akepogu
name: Bharti, Ram Prakash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hydrodynamics of droplets is significant in wide-ranging applications involving immiscible fluids and emulsions in food and pharmaceutical. The control and manipulation of droplets are primarily a function of flow governing and geometrical parameters. The finite element and level set approaches are used in this work to explore the influences of capillary number (Ca) and flow rate ratio (Qr) of dispersed and continuous phases on hydrodynamics of droplet generation in two-phase flow through T-junction cross-flow microfluidic device. A mathematical model based on a mass continuity, Navier-Stokes, and level set equations are solved computationally using the Eulerian framework for Ca = 1e-4 - 1 and Qr =0.1 - 10. Both immiscible phases, having equal density and unequal viscosity, flow (Re=0.1) through equal-sized channels. In particular, instantaneous phase flow field, droplet size, droplet detachment time and generation frequency are presented and discussed as a function of governing parameters (Ca and Qr). Considered parametric space is characterized as squeezing, first transition, dripping, second transition, parallel, and jet flow regimes. In contrast to threshold Ca ~ 0.01 in earlier studies, squeezing regime exists for all Ca and Qr = 2- 10. Flow regimes are also mapped into droplets and non-droplet zones. Threshold interfacial Ca, defining the boundary between droplet and non-droplet zones, scales quadratically with Qr. Droplet dynamics shows a complex dependence on Ca and Qr. Droplet length varies linearly with Qr in squeezing regime whereas power-law variation with Ca and Qr in dripping regime. Droplet frequency shows a power-law function of Ca and Qr in droplet zone. Present results compare excellently with earlier limited experimental and numerical studies. Finally, present results and predictive correlations can guide engineering and design of droplet microfluidics devices.
Gedächtnis und Leiblichkeit: Herkunft, Gefahr und Aktualität ihres Zusammenhangs
Creators: name: Guerreschi, Luca
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie
subject: Nietzsche
subject: Geschichtsphilosophie
subject: Gedächtnis
subject: Leiblichkeit

description: In this paper, I approach the relation between memory and the corporeal. Firstly, I discuss the ambiguous relationship that Nietzsche maintained with the theory of organic memory, which contemplates memory as a primal faculty (Urvermögen) shared by all living matter. In doing so, I outline the main features of such theory by assessing the positions of nineteenth-century’s biologists and physiologists Ewald Hering, Ernst Haeckel and Wilhelm Roux. Secondly, I discuss some of the theoretical and political implications of the organic memory theory, which, in my view, are either dangerous or fallacious. To overcome this impasse, I argue that memory should be investigated not as an intrinsic quality of organic matter, but - following one of Nietzsche’s excerpts - “along the guiding thread of the body” (Leib), here to be understood in its broadest immaterial constitution. In the final part of the paper, I articulate this idea by comparing Nietzsche’s position with the notion of “body memory” (Leibgedächtnis) that Thomas Fuchs has recently developed in the field of phenomenological psychiatry.
Supplementary material from Interaction between three key species in the sea-ice reduced Arctic Barents Sea system
Creators: name: Durant, Joel
name: Dupont, Nicolas
name: Ono, Kotaro
name: Langangen, Øystein
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Contains: 6 supplementary figures of model check. 1 table of data and the Stan code to reproduce the analysis.
Multi-scale Magnetic Fields in the Central Molecular Zone: Inference from the Gradient Technique
Creators: name: Hu, Yue
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The central molecular zone (CMZ) plays an essential role in regulating the nuclear ecosystem of our Galaxy. To get an insight into the magnetic fields of the CMZ, we employ the Gradient Technique (GT), which is rooted in the anisotropy of magnetohydrodynamic turbulence. Our analysis is based on the data of multiple wavelengths, including molecular emission lines, radio 1.4 GHz continuum image, and Herschel 70 $μ$m image, as well as ionized [Ne II] and Paschen-alpha emissions. The results are compared with the observations of Planck 353 GHz and High-resolution Airborne Wideband Camera Plus (HWAC+) 53 $μ$m polarized dust emissions. We map the orientation of the magnetic field at multiple wavelengths across the central molecular zone, including close-ups of the Radio Arc and Sagittarius A West regions, on multi scales from $\sim$ 0.1 pc to 10 pc. The magnetic fields towards the central molecular zone traced by GT are globally compatible with the polarization measurements, accounting for the contribution from the galactic foreground and background. This correspondence suggests that the magnetic field and turbulence are dynamically crucial in the galactic center. We find that the magnetic fields associated with the Arched filaments and the thermal components of the Radio Arc are in good agreement with the HAWC+ polarization. Our measurement towards the non-thermal Radio Arc reveals the poloidal magnetic field components in the galactic center. For Sagittarius A West region, we find a great agreement between the GT measurement using [Ne II] emission and HWAC+ 53 $μ$m observation. We use GT to predict the magnetic fields associated with ionized Paschen-alpha gas down to scales of 0.1 pc.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The beta component of gamma-band auditory steady-state responses in patients with schizophrenia
Creators: name: Metzner, Christoph
name: Steuber, Volker
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150 Psychologie
subject: cortex
subject: network models
subject: neural circuits

description: The mechanisms underlying circuit dysfunctions in schizophrenia (SCZ) remain poorly understood. Auditory steady-state responses (ASSRs), especially in the gamma and beta band, have been suggested as a potential biomarker for SCZ. While the reduction of 40 Hz power for 40 Hz drive has been well established and replicated in SCZ patients, studies are inconclusive when it comes to an increase in 20 Hz power during 40 Hz drive. There might be several factors explaining the inconsistencies, including differences in the sensitivity of the recording modality (EEG vs MEG), differences in stimuli (click-trains vs amplitude-modulated tones) and large differences in the amplitude of the stimuli. Here, we used a computational model of ASSR deficits in SCZ and explored the effect of three SCZ-associated microcircuit alterations: reduced GABA activity, increased GABA decay times and NMDA receptor hypofunction. We investigated the effect of input strength on gamma (40 Hz) and beta (20 Hz) band power during gamma ASSR stimulation and saw that the pronounced increase in beta power during gamma stimulation seen experimentally could only be reproduced in the model when GABA decay times were increased and only for a specific range of input strengths. More specifically, when the input was in this specific range, the rhythmic drive at 40 Hz produced a strong 40 Hz rhythm in the control network; however, in the ‘SCZ-like’ network, the prolonged inhibition led to a so-called ‘beat-skipping’, where the network would only strongly respond to every other input. This mechanism was responsible for the emergence of the pronounced 20 Hz beta peak in the power spectrum. The other two microcircuit alterations were not able to produce a substantial 20 Hz component but they further narrowed the input strength range for which the network produced a beta component when combined with increased GABAergic decay times. Our finding that the beta component only existed for a specific range of input strengths might explain the seemingly inconsistent reporting in experimental studies and suggests that future ASSR studies should systematically explore different amplitudes of their stimuli. Furthermore, we provide a mechanistic link between a microcircuit alteration and an electrophysiological marker in schizophrenia and argue that more complex ASSR stimuli are needed to disentangle the nonlinear interactions of microcircuit alterations. The computational modelling approach put forward here is ideally suited to facilitate the development of such stimuli in a theory-based fashion.
Reflexive hull discriminants and applications
Creators: name: Chan, Kenneth
name: Gaddis, Jason
name: Won, Robert
name: Zhang, James J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16E65, 16P99, 16W99, 16W20, 11R29

description: We introduce the reflexive hull discriminant as a tool to study noncommutative algebras that are finitely generated, but not necessarily free, over their centers. As an example, we compute the reflexive hull discriminants for quantum generalized Weyl algebras and use them to determine automorphism groups and other properties, recovering results of Su{á}rez-Alvarez, Vivas, and others.
description: 30 pages, to appear in Selecta Mathematica
Predictors and consequences of involvement in physical activity : a causal model of the 1981 Canada Fitness Survey
Creators: name: Haag, Gerald Gunnar
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Involvement in physical activity (IPA) represents a complex lifestyle behavior. In order to gain a better understanding of the concept of IPA and the relationships with other factors, two comprehensive theoretical models of predictors and consequences of IPA were tested. The 1981 Canada Fitness Survey (CFS) provided an extensive database including physical activity measures. A subsample of 3055 20- to 40-year old Canadian males was chosen for all analyses. Forty-six observed variables were initially selected from the CFS to measure the abstract concepts of past experience, attitude, motivation, social status, barriers, modifiers, IPA, physical fitness, and psychological fitness. Causal modeling techniques were applied to test the conceptual model of fitness, presented in the CFS manual (model I), and a model of IPA developed by the author from a review of the literature (model II). The measurement model and structural equation model were tested for each model with the LISREL computer program. Both models revealed a good fit to the data (GFI=.95 and GFI=.93, respectively). Model I was not based on strong theory and required a large number of modifications. The test of model II was much less difficult and produced larger structural path coefficients. Results from model II indicate that motivation is the strongest predictor of IPA, followed by barriers and social status. Past experience and IPA improve physical fitness. Attitudes and past experience could not predict IPA and neither IPA nor physical fitness affected psychological well-being. Causal modeling appears to be a very powerful and promising statistical method for testing hypothetical models with observational data. However, its mathematical complexity and novelty create various problems with applications. A flowchart of suggested procedures is given.
Ordering-mediated local nano-clustering results in unusually large Hall-Petch strengthening coefficients in high entropy alloys
Creators: name: A. Jagetia
name: M.S.K.K.Y. Nartu
name: S. Dasari
name: A. Sharma
name: B. Gwalani
name: R. Banerjee
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: This paper reports a dramatic increase in the grain boundary strengthening or Hall-Petch coefficient, K, by systematically investigating the effect of Al addition on tensile yield strength in CoFeNi and CoCrFeNi high entropy alloys (HEAs) or complex concentrated alloys (CCAs). Additionally, detailed atom probe tomography (APT) revealed a high number density of Ni-Al rich nano-clusters in the Al0.3CoFeNi and Al0.3CoCrFeNi HEAs/CCAs, which can be rationalized based on the strong chemical ordering tendency between these elements. Consequently, the huge increase in K value can be attributed to the additional stress required for overcoming coherency strain fields arising from these nano-clusters. This paper reports that the Hall-Petch co-efficient (K) dramatically increase when Al is added to CoFeNi/CoCrFeNi alloys. Such a trend is attributed to the ordering mediated nano-clustering in Al containing HEA/CCAs.
Investigation of sluggish diffusion in FCC Al0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy
Creators: name: Abhishek Mehta
name: Yongho Sohn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: To validate the ‘sluggish diffusion’ in high-entropy alloys, interdiffusion coefficients of individual elements and tracer diffusion coefficient of Ni were experimentally determined in FCC Al0.25CoCrFeNi alloy. The tracer diffusion coefficient was determined without the application of radio-tracers using a novel analytical method proposed by Belova et al. based on linear response theory coupled with Boltzmann-Matano approach and Gaussian distribution function. Sluggish diffusion kinetics was not observed in alloys with higher configuration entropy in comparison to alloys with lower configuration entropy. Correspondingly, potential energy fluctuations in alloys with higher configuration entropy may not always result in anomalously slow diffusion kinetics. Diffusion is determined not to be necessarily sluggish in Al0.25CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy by experimental measurement of chemical and tracer diffusion coefficients.
Load spatial superposition effect in Traffic Speed Deflectometer tests of pavements
Creators: name: Sun, Zhaojie
name: Wang, Ze Zhou
name: Wang, Xiang
name: Lu, Linjun
name: Pan, Yuandong
name: De Silva, Lavindra
name: Brilakis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2025

description: Devices that can evaluate the structural health of pavements at traffic speeds, such as the Traffic Speed De-flectometer (TSD), have become increasingly popular because of their high measuring efficiency. Concur-rently, there has been a growing body of research focused on the theoretical understanding and practical ap-plication of the TSD test. However, few studies have considered the load spatial superposition effect when conducting theoretical modelling of the TSD test, which introduces errors in the parameter identification process. Hence, this study investigated the effect of load spatial superposition on pavement response during the TSD test using a self-developed software called PaveMove. The results showed that, for pavements with flexible base, the TSD deflection-based parameter identification requires the consideration of the whole TSD load, while the TSD slope-based parameter identification has more degrees of freedom in the choice of load patterns. In contrast, for pavements with (semi-)rigid base, both the TSD deflection- and slope-based parameter identifications require the consideration of the whole TSD load. The presented work paves the way to develop more accurate parameter identification techniques for the TSD test, which ultimately con-tributes to more effective management of road networks.
Subcritical hybrid inflation in a generalized superconformal model
Creators: name: Gunji, Yoshihiro
name: Ishiwata, Koji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a generalized superconformal model that gives rise to a subcritical regime of $D$-term hybrid inflation. Exhibiting the model both in a Jordan frame and in the Einstein frame, the effective potential of the subcritical regime is derived in the Einstein frame. It turns out the inflaton-waterfall field dynamics leads to various types of inflaton potential. Consequently the tensor-to-scalar ratio is found to range from $10^{-4}$ ($10^{-3}$) to $0.1$ for getting 60 (50) $e$-folds before the end of inflation.
description: 26 pages, 12 figures; figures added, conclusion unchanged, published version
MOESM7 of Potential therapeutic effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on rheumatoid arthritis by relieving inhibition of CD38+ NK cells on Treg cell differentiation
Creators: name: Wang, Hongxing
name: Li, Shutong
name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Wu, Hui
name: Chang, Xiaotian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 7: Table S2. Lymphocyte subset proportion (%) and cytokine levels (pg/mL) in peripheral blood of CIA rats.
Pulse-level noisy quantum circuits with QuTiP
Creators: name: Li, Boxi
name: Ahmed, Shahnawaz
name: Saraogi, Sidhant
name: Lambert, Neill
name: Nori, Franco
name: Pitchford, Alexander
name: Shammah, Nathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the impact of noise on quantum circuits is especially relevant to guide the progress of Noisy Intermediate-Scale Quantum (NISQ) computing. In this paper, we address the pulse-level simulation of noisy quantum circuits with the Quantum Toolbox in Python (QuTiP). We introduce new tools in qutip-qip, QuTiP's quantum information processing package. These tools simulate quantum circuits at the pulse level, leveraging QuTiP's quantum dynamics solvers and control optimization features. We show how quantum circuits can be compiled on simulated processors, with control pulses acting on a target Hamiltonian that describes the unitary evolution of the physical qubits. Various types of noise can be introduced based on the physical model, e.g., by simulating the Lindblad density-matrix dynamics or Monte Carlo quantum trajectories. In particular, the user can define environment-induced decoherence at the processor level and include noise simulation at the level of control pulses. We illustrate how the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm is compiled and executed on a superconducting-qubit-based processor, on a spin-chain-based processor and using control optimization algorithms. We also show how to easily reproduce experimental results on cross-talk noise in an ion-based processor, and how a Ramsey experiment can be modeled with Lindblad dynamics. Finally, we illustrate how to integrate these features with other software frameworks.
description: 29 pages, 8 figures, revised manuscript, with section 4 restructured and a QFT example added, code is available at https://github.com/qutip/qutip-qip
The efficacy of the Test of cognitive skills in screening for special education services
Creators: name: Higgins, Edith
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The purpose of this study was to assess the validity of the Test of Cognitive Skills (TCS), and the validity of Test of Cognitive Skills/Canadian Achievement Test (CAT) discrepancy scores, as screening measures for identifying students for special education services. The relationship between the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children - Revised (WISC-R) Full Scale 10 and the TCS Cognitive Skills Index was determined, as well as the pattern of relationships between WISC-R and TCS subtest scores. Subtest scatter on the TCS was analyzed to determine if it revealed any consistent patterns among students. TCS/CAT discrepancy scores were examined to determine if students identified as having "significant" discrepancy scores were identified through other approaches (e.g. referral to Learning Assistance) as having learning difficulties. Results indicated that the TCS and TCS/CAT discrepancy scores are not valid screening measures for special education services. A moderately low correlation (r = .63) was found between the WISC-R and TCS, indicating that the two tests should not be considered to be measuring the same aspects of cognitive ability. TCS/CAT discrepancy scores did not identify students referred for Learning Assistance. TCS subtest patterns identified were not diagnostically useful. Limitations of the study which may have affected the results are discussed in the last chapter, along with recommendations for practice and further research.
Lissodelphys Kim & Boxshall 2020, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Kim, Il-Hoi
name: Boxshall, Geoff A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Copepoda
Cyclopoida
Notodelphyidae
Lissodelphys

description: Lissodelphys gen. nov.
Diagnosis. Body elongate, cylindrical, vermiform, and unsegmented, narrowing anteriorly and posteriorly. Body surface smooth, lacking ornamentation of setules or spinules. Rostrum distinct. Antennule small, lobate, unsegmented. Antenna 2- or 3-segmented, with unsegmented endopod bearing small terminal claw. Labrum uncertain. Mouthparts consisting of mandible, maxillule, maxilla, and maxilliped. Mandible consisting of coxa and biramous palp; coxa gnathobase narrow with pectinate medial margin; palp obscurely segmented, armed with 4 setae on outer lobe (exopod) and 5 setae on inner lobe (basis + endopod). Maxillule obscurely 2-segmented (precoxa and palp) or unsegmented; armedwith 6 to 8 setae. Maxilla unsegmented or incompletely 2-segmented; armed with 5 setae. Maxilliped as small lobe bearing few setae.All setae of mouthparts naked. Legs absent.
*Abbreviations and symbols: A2, antenna; Mnd, mandible; Mx1, maxillule; Mx2, maxilla; Mxp, maxilliped; +, present; X,
absent.
Type species. Lissodelphys guadeloupensis gen. et sp. nov. by original designation.
Other included species. Lissodelphys tahitiensis gen. etsp. nov.
Etymology. The name is derived from liss (Greek meaning “smooth”), the prefix of the generic name of the host of the type species, Lissoclinum fragile (Van Name, 1902), and - delphys, the ending of many generic names in the Notodelphyidae.
Remarks. Lissodelphys gen. nov. appears to be closely related to the genus Pythodelphys in sharing a similarly elongate, vermiform body and a pectinate coxal gnathobase on the mandible. However, the new genus can be separated from Pythodelphys because the urosome is unsegmented and completely fused with the prosome, the body surface is smooth (densely setulose in Pythodelphys), the maxilliped is distinct (vestigial or absent in Pythodelphys), and the maxilla is 1- or 2- segmented (distinctly 4-segmented in Pythodelphys).
The differences between Lissodelphys gen. nov. and other vermiform genera of the Notodelphyidae that lack legs are summarised in Table 13.
description: Published as part of Kim, Il-Hoi & Boxshall, Geoff A., 2020, Untold diversity: the astonishing species richness of the Notodelphyidae (Copepoda: Cyclopoida), a family of symbiotic copepods associated with ascidians (Tunicata), pp. 1-6 in Megataxa 4 (1) on pages 627-628, DOI: 10.11646/megataxa.4.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4591138
Fate of measurement-induced phase transition in long-range interactions
Creators: name: Minato, Takaaki
name: Sugimoto, Koudai
name: Kuwahara, Tomotaka
name: Saito, Keiji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider quantum many-body dynamics under quantum measurements, where the measurement-induced phase transitions (MIPs) occur when changing the frequency of the measurement. In this work, we consider the robustness of the MIP for long-range interaction that decays as $r^{-α}$ with distance $r$. The effects of long-range interactions are classified into two regimes: (i) the MIP is observed $(α> α_c)$, and (ii) the MIP is absent even for arbitrarily strong measurements $(α d/2+1$ for general bilinear systems and $α> d+1$ for general non-integrable systems ($d$: spatial dimension). Numerical calculation indicates that these conditions are optimal.
description: 7+6 pages, 9 figures
Tree regeneration in grazed wood pastures - Odnowienia drzewostanu na leśnych pastwiskach
Creators: name: Caceres, Y.
name: Pulido, F.
name: G, Moreno Marcos
name: Borek, R.
name: Wydra, M.
name: Jędrejek, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: wood pastures
tree regeneration
dehesa
montado
Zadrzewione pastwiska
odnowienia drzew

description: Dehesa i Montado to systemy bardzo korzystne dla wypasu zwierząt. Wypas inwentarza wpływa jednak negatywnie na naturalne odnowienia drzewostanu, szczególnie na terenach o niekorzystnych warunkach glebowych i klimatycznych. Zjadanie nasion drzew przez gospodarskie i dzikie zwierzęta, stres abiotyczny (susza, wysokie temperatury latem, nieurodzajne gleby), brak odpowiednich miejsc do kiełkowania to główne przeszkody dla przetrwania drzewostanu. Utrzymanie iberyjskich systemów dehesa i montado zależy od wystarczającego stopnia regeneracji drzewostanu. W wielu regionach naturalna regeneracja nie  rekompensuje jednak strat i drzewostan starzeje się. Dla zrównoważenia
takich pastwisk konieczne jest podjęcie działań wspierających odnowienia drzew i zapewnienie odpowiedniego rozwoju wystarczającej ilości siewek, zanim stare drzewa będą obumierać.
Long-time memory effects in a localizable central spin problem
Creators: name: Ng, Nathan
name: Rabani, Eran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of the Nakajima-Zwanzig memory kernel for a qubit immersed in a many-body localized (i.e., disordered and interacting) bath. We argue that the memory kernel decays as a power law in both the localized and ergodic regimes, and show how this can be leveraged to extract $t\to\infty$ populations for the qubit from finite time ($J t \leq 10^2$) data in the thermalizing phase. This allows us to quantify how the long-time values of the populations approach the expected thermalized state as the bath approaches the thermodynamic limit. This approach should provide a good complement to state-of-the-art numerical methods, for which the long-time dynamics with large baths are impossible to simulate in this phase. Additionally, our numerics on finite baths reveal the possibility for unbounded exponential growth in the memory kernel, a phenomenon rooted in the appearance of exceptional points in the projected Liouvillian governing the reduced dynamics. In small systems amenable to exact numerics, we find that these pathologies may have some correlation with delocalization.
SCPM-Net: An Anchor-free 3D Lung Nodule Detection Network using Sphere Representation and Center Points Matching
Creators: name: Luo, Xiangde
name: Song, Tao
name: Wang, Guotai
name: Chen, Jieneng
name: Chen, Yinan
name: Li, Kang
name: Metaxas, Dimitris N.
name: Zhang, Shaoting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Lung nodule detection from 3D Computed Tomography scans plays a vital role in efficient lung cancer screening. Despite the SOTA performance obtained by recent anchor-based detectors using CNNs for this task, they require predetermined anchor parameters such as the size, number, and aspect ratio of anchors, and have limited robustness when dealing with lung nodules with a massive variety of sizes. To overcome these problems, we propose a 3D sphere representation-based center-points matching detection network that is anchor-free and automatically predicts the position, radius, and offset of nodules without the manual design of nodule/anchor parameters. The SCPM-Net consists of two novel components: sphere representation and center points matching. First, to match the nodule annotation in clinical practice, we replace the commonly used bounding box with our proposed bounding sphere to represent nodules with the centroid, radius, and local offset in 3D space. A compatible sphere-based intersection over-union loss function is introduced to train the lung nodule detection network stably and efficiently. Second, we empower the network anchor-free by designing a positive center-points selection and matching process, which naturally discards pre-determined anchor boxes. An online hard example mining and re-focal loss subsequently enable the CPM process to be more robust, resulting in more accurate point assignment and mitigation of class imbalance. In addition, to better capture spatial information and 3D context for the detection, we propose to fuse multi-level spatial coordinate maps with the feature extractor and combine them with 3D squeeze-and-excitation attention modules. Experimental results on the LUNA16 dataset showed that our proposed framework achieves superior performance compared with existing anchor-based and anchor-free methods for lung nodule detection.
description: accept to Medical Image Analysis
MOESM8 of Potential therapeutic effects of cyanidin-3-O-glucoside on rheumatoid arthritis by relieving inhibition of CD38+ NK cells on Treg cell differentiation
Creators: name: Wang, Hongxing
name: Li, Shutong
name: Zhang, Guoqing
name: Wu, Hui
name: Chang, Xiaotian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 8: Table S3. Lymphocyte subset proportion (%) and cytokine levels (pg/mL) in CIA synovial fluid.
The Dominant Eigenvector of a Noisy Quantum State
Creators: name: Koczor, Bálint
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although near-term quantum devices have no comprehensive solution for correcting errors, numerous techniques have been proposed for achieving practical value. Two works have recently introduced the very promising Error Suppression by Derangements (ESD) and Virtual Distillation (VD) techniques. The approach exponentially suppresses errors and ultimately allows one to measure expectation values in the pure state as the dominant eigenvector of the noisy quantum state. Interestingly this dominant eigenvector is, however, different than the ideal computational state and it is the aim of the present work to comprehensively explore the following fundamental question: how significantly different are these two pure states? The motivation for this work is two-fold. First, comprehensively understanding the effect of this coherent mismatch is of fundamental importance for the successful exploitation of noisy quantum devices. As such, the present work rigorously establishes that in practically relevant scenarios the coherent mismatch is exponentially less severe than the incoherent decay of the fidelity -- where the latter can be suppressed exponentially via the ESD/VD technique. Second, the above question is closely related to central problems in mathematics, such as bounding eigenvalues of a sum of two matrices (Weyl inequalities) -- solving of which was a major breakthrough. The present work can be viewed as a first step towards extending the Weyl inequalities to eigenvectors of a sum of two matrices -- and completely resolves this problem for the special case of the considered density matrices.
description: 32 pages, 7 figures
Efficient light harvesting and photon sensing via engineered cooperative effects
Creators: name: Mattiotti, Francesco
name: Sarovar, Mohan
name: Giusteri, Giulio G.
name: Borgonovi, Fausto
name: Celardo, G. Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Efficient devices for light harvesting and photon sensing are fundamental building blocks of basic energy science and many essential technologies. Recent efforts have turned to biomimicry to design the next generation of light-capturing devices, partially fueled by an appreciation of the fantastic efficiency of the initial stages of natural photosynthetic systems at capturing photons. In such systems extended excitonic states are thought to play a fundamental functional role, inducing cooperative coherent effects, such as superabsorption of light and supertransfer of photoexcitations. Inspired by this observation, we design an artificial light-harvesting and photodetection device that maximally harnesses cooperative effects to enhance efficiency. The design relies on separating absorption and transfer processes (energetically and spatially) in order to overcome the fundamental obstacle to exploiting cooperative effects to enhance light capture: the enhanced emission processes that accompany superabsorption. This engineered separation of processes greatly improves the efficiency and the scalability of the system.
description: 53 pages, 15 figures
Droplet trapping in bendotaxis caused by contact angle hysteresis
Creators: name: Bradley, Alexander T.
name: Hewitt, Ian J.
name: Vella, Dominic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Passive droplet transport mechanisms, in which continuous external energy input is not required for motion, have received significant attention in recent years. Experimental studies of such mechanisms often ignore, or use careful treatments to minimize, contact angle hysteresis, which can impede droplet motion, or even arrest it completely. Here, we consider the effect of contact angle hysteresis on bendotaxis, a mechanism in which droplets spontaneously deform an elastic channel via capillary pressure and thereby move. Here, we seek to understand when contact angle hysteresis prevents bendotaxis. We supplement a previous mathematical model of the dynamics of bendotaxis with a simple model of contact angle hysteresis, and show that this model predicts droplet trapping when hysteresis is sufficiently strong. By identifying the equilibrium configurations adopted by these trapped droplets and assessing their linear stability, we uncover a sensitive dependence of bendotaxis on contact angle hysteresis and develop criteria to describe when droplets will be trapped.
research study raw datasets (social media news account posts Jan 1 2022 - Dec 31 2022)
Creators: name: Nickl, Benjamin
name: Vidal-Robert, Jordi
name: Kuanyong, Qiu
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024

description: research study's raw dataset materials, social news media account feeds from eight microblog accounts (China and Germany) posting in English, German, and Mandarin
Perceived child vulnerability and overprotective parenting in caregivers of twin children
Creators: name: Fox, SJ
Publisher: name: University of Tasmania
Year: 2024

description: Caregivers may be more protective of children they perceive as vulnerable. As second-born twins have poorer health outcomes compared to first-born twins, it is theorised that caregivers will perceive second-born twins as more vulnerable and parent them more protectively. In this cross-sectional online study, 855 biological mothers of twins aged 2 to 9 years, living in Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, United Kingdom, and United States of America, completed the Child Vulnerability Scale (Forsyth et al., 1996) and Parent Protection Scale (Thomasgard, Metz, et al., 1995) for each twin. Compared to first-born twins, more second-born twins were considered highly vulnerable (p=.038) and parented in an overprotective manner (p=.005). Perceived child vulnerability was positively correlated with parent protection for both first- and second-born twins (rs=.22, p<.001 and rs =.25, p <.001, respectively). Mothers of younger children perceived them to be more vulnerable than mothers of older children (H(2)=11.28 p=.004; H(2)=9.76, p=.008), and parented them more protectively (H(2)=106.48, p<.001; H(2)=123.32, p<.001). More neonatal, child health and maternal risk factors were identified for greater perceived child vulnerability and parent protection for second-born twins than first-born twins. Findings highlight the importance of context-driven psychosocial interventions to improve outcomes for caregivers and their twin children.
Interdisciplinary and Integrated STEM
Creators: name: Kurup, Premnadh
name: Yang, Yunying
name: Li, Xia
name: Dong, Yan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) is an approach and movement in innovative educational practices from the primary level internationally. This would provide a platform for an inquiry approach, creativity, and innovation in young children and formulate a path for changes in existing practices. The STEM approach is widely accepted as a key educational practice; however, it is dealt with as a combination of disciplines in actual teaching and learning practice. Coherence in this interdisciplinarity and integration has yet to be evolved as a practice in synthesising and designing instruction and could be harbinger for an effective design for future practice. Integrated and interdisciplinary STEM can only generate powerful knowledge to deal with issues that are affecting the planet and bring abiotic and biotic equilibrium. Interdisciplinary and integrated powerful knowledge (IIPK) can act as a roadmap for innovation that can bring changes in existing practices, produce informed citizens, build capacity for informed decisions, and generate sustainable living practices. Interdisciplinary and integrated STEM could lay foundations for IIPK and generate a mindset, approach, and practice. IIPK could lead to the formation of new paths for energy generation, transport, agricultural practices, medical treatment, and clean environment. Interdisciplinary and integrated STEM is not seen in actual practice anywhere nowadays. For coherence in curriculum, implications in instructions need reform and development by the governments across the world. That could lead to a new policy for interdisciplinary and integrated STEM.
Signatures of Weyl fermion annihilation in a correlated kagome magnet
Creators: name: Belopolski, Ilya
name: Cochran, Tyler A.
name: Liu, Xiaoxiong
name: Cheng, Zi-Jia
name: Yang, Xian P.
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Tsirkin, Stepan S.
name: Yin, Jia-Xin
name: Vir, Praveen
name: Thakur, Gohil S.
name: Zhang, Songtian S.
name: Zhang, Junyi
name: Kaznatcheev, Konstantine
name: Cheng, Guangming
name: Chang, Guoqing
name: Multer, Daniel
name: Shumiya, Nana
name: Litskevich, Maksim
name: Vescovo, Elio
name: Kim, Timur K.
name: Cacho, Cephise
name: Yao, Nan
name: Felser, Claudia
name: Neupert, Titus
name: Hasan, M. Zahid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The manipulation of topological states in quantum matter is an essential pursuit of fundamental physics and next-generation quantum technology. Here we report the magnetic manipulation of Weyl fermions in the kagome spin-orbit semimetal Co$_3$Sn$_2$S$_2$, observed by high-resolution photoemission spectroscopy. We demonstrate the exchange collapse of spin-orbit-gapped ferromagnetic Weyl loops into paramagnetic Dirac loops under suppression of the magnetic order. We further observe that topological Fermi arcs disappear in the paramagnetic phase, suggesting the annihilation of exchange-split Weyl points. Our findings indicate that magnetic exchange collapse naturally drives Weyl fermion annihilation, opening new opportunities for engineering topology under correlated order parameters.
description: Accepted version. Comments welcome! Early version of this manuscript first submitted in January 2020. See also: arXiv:2005.02400, Co3Sn2S2
Front speed and pattern selection of a propagating chemical front in an active fluid
Creators: name: del Junco, Clara
name: Estevez-Torres, André
name: Maitra, Ananyo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous pattern formation in living systems is driven by reaction-diffusion chemistry and active mechanics. The feedback between chemical and mechanical forces is often essential to robust pattern formation, yet it remains poorly understood in general. In this analytical and numerical paper, we study an experimentally-motivated minimal model of coupling between reaction-diffusion and active matter: a propagating front of an autocatalytic and stress-generating species. In the absence of activity, the front is described by the the well-studied KPP equation. We find that front propagation is maintained even in active systems, with crucial differences: an extensile stress increases the front speed beyond a critical magnitude of the stress, while a contractile stress has no effect on the front speed but can generate a periodic instability in the high-concentration region behind the front. We expect our results to be useful in interpreting pattern formation in active systems with mechano-chemical coupling in vivo and in vitro.
description: Supplemental movie available at: https://github.com/cdeljunco/rdam/blob/68237176bf8f5b7ff96abb79271dedaec5024c22/Plots/omega-7-movie.mp4. This manuscript contains a footnote about Fisher's racist and ableist motivations that was removed from the published version by the editors. The footnote contains references, so the reference numbers in this version will be different from the published version
Measuring the structure and stability of opinion in mass publics
Creators: name: Tworzecki, Hubert
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis examines the structure and stability of public opinion in a sample of Canadian respondents. The data consist of a three-wave panel of 1790 cases; the interviews were conducted in 1977, 1979 and 1980 as part of the Social Change in Canada project of the Institute for Behavioral Research of York University. In the first part of the thesis various theoretical and methodological issues pertinent to the study of mass political attitudes are discussed and a research strategy is proposed. In the second part, factor analysis is used to extract structural information from the data. It is found that the opinions of English-speaking respondents can be described in terms of four fundamental dimensions which are given the tentative labels of "welfare liberalism," "nostalgic conservatism," "pro-business," and "provincial rights." For French-speaking respondents, two dimensions are found: "welfare liberalism" and "protection of French-Canadian society." Finally, regression analysis is performed on factor-based scales to obtain more information about the opinion structures. The central finding is that it is indeed possible to use mass survey data to identify a simple structure of political beliefs of the Canadian public, and to tie this structure to the political and social makeup of the country.
Effects of point source discharges on common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus) along the Waikato River, New Zealand
Creators: name: West, David W.
name: Ling, Nicholas
name: Hicks, Brendan J.
name: van den Heuvel, Michael R.
name: Tremblay, Louis A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: The common bully (Gobiomorphus cotidianus) was used as a bioindicator to assess the impacts of geothermal, bleached kraft mill effluent (BKME), sewage, and thermal discharges in the Waikato River, Northern New Zealand. A range of morphological and physiological parameters were measured to assess fitness in fish sampled upstream and downstream from these point sources. Isotopic signatures gave evidence that fish were resident at sites and showed a gradient corresponding to site-specific sources of carbon and nitrogen along the river. There were changes in the size range and age structure of the populations but, no physiological responses were detected. Limited impacts were observed on common bully health at individual discharge sites, or downstream where the river showed gradual deterioration in water quality, particularly nutrient enrichment, and increased turbidity. Despite the gradual deterioration in water quality no concomitant cumulative impacts were observed in common bully. Responses were largely local in nature, responding to point-source discharges. Population responses at the geothermal and BKME discharge sites warrant further study to investigate possible effects on fish recruitment.