cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Mapping Open Data and Big Data to address climate resilience of urban informal settlements in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Banzhaf, Ellen
name: Bulley, Henry N.
name: Inkoom, Justice Nana
name: Elze, Sebastian Robert
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 556

description: This perspective paper highlights the potentials, limitations, and combinations of openly available Earth observation (EO) data and big data in the context of environmental research in urban areas. The aim is to build the resilience of informal settlements to climate change impacts. In particular, it highlights the types, categories, spatial and temporal scales of publicly available big data. The benefits of publicly available big data become clear when looking at issues such as the development and quality of life in informal settlements within and around major African cities. Sub-Saharan African (SSA) cities are among the fastest growing urban areas in the world. However, they lack spatial information to guide urban planning towards climate-adapted cities and fair living conditions for disadvantaged residents who mostly reside in informal settlements. Therefore, this study collected key information on freely available data such as data on land cover, land use, and environmental hazards and pressures, demographic and socio-economic indicators for urban areas. They serve as a vital resource for success of many other related local studies, such as the transdisciplinary research project “DREAMS—Developing REsilient African cities and their urban environMent facing the provision of essential urban SDGs”. In the era of exponential growth of big data analytics, especially geospatial data, their utility in SSA is hampered by the disparate nature of these datasets due to the lack of a comprehensive overview of where and how to access them. This paper aims to provide transparency in this regard as well as a resource to access such datasets. Although the limitations of such big data are also discussed, their usefulness in assessing environmental hazards and human exposure, especially to climate change impacts, are emphasised.
Fiction and the Reaction to Photography: Literalism, the Law and the Conditions and the Control of Reading from the Invention of Photography to the 1920s
Creators: name: Mehmi, Suneel
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: This thesis aims to investigate how reading is related to photography and the law in mainly English but also some American fiction from the mid-nineteenth century to the end of the 1920s. I contend that late nineteenth- to early twentieth-century fiction creates an opposition between photography and the law in order to discipline its readers in certain kinds of reading practice. I see photography used in the fiction as a subversive, contrary form of seeing and reading associated with perceived outsiders and literalism and as a foil used to delineate ideas of legitimacy and authorised and acceptable reading practices. I link ideas of art, law, photography and reading in order to understand what kind of reader and reading fiction aimed to produce, and how such constructions legitimated the structures of power of the political elite from the invention of photography to the nineteen-twenties. I do so by concentrating on close readings of fictional work, including authors such as Wilkie Collins, Henry James, Charles Dickens, Sir Arthur Conan Doyle and Robert Louis Stevenson. The study aims to illuminate how vision and reading are tied together and how visual codes are involved in how reading is experienced, conceptualised and carefully regulated. It also suggests how legal knowledge and methods of reading were a prime influence on fiction, its themes, how it was read and its readers. The representation of photography and reading in fiction itself can be linked to the legal prohibition of photography and photo-realistic artwork from the courtroom in the 1920s. Thus, the analysis of fiction itself illuminates the conceptualisation, truth status, authority and construction of the law and the way in which the law preserves its status through the ways in which it is read and envisaged.
Is transition an (adult) problem? : Experiences of autistic students during the transition from primary to secondary school
Creators: name: Richter, Mechthild
name: Clément, Céline
name: Flavier, Eric
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Recent research indicates that the transition from primary to secondary school is an important step in students' lives. Although this step is often expected to be even more challenging for autistic students, there are new hints that the transition could also be an opportunity and not necessarily a negative period. Sixteen autistic students in France were interviewed three times during their first year of secondary school (6th grade) regarding their transition to secondary school. They presented a positive self-image and preferred secondary school over primary school for various reasons. They focused on their everyday life in secondary school rather than problematising the transition, which in most cases had been planned and prepared by the adults in their life. Their positive experiences and unique views on the transition and the first year of secondary school could contribute to a more optimistic and inclusive transition planning. Therefore, the study provides original accounts from a group of participants who are often neither involved in transition planning nor in transition research.
Manual conversion of Sadhukarn to Thai and Western music notations and their translation into a rhyme structure for music analysis
Creators: name: Eambangyung, Sumetus
name: Schwörer, Gretel
name: Purahong, Witoon
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 780

description: Sadhukarn plays an important role as the most sacred music composition in Thai, Cambodian, and Lao music cultural areas. Due to various versions of unverified Sadhukarn main melodies in three different countries, notating melodies in suitable formats with a systematic method is necessary. This work provides a data descriptor for music transcription related to 25 different versions of the Sadhukarn main melody collected in Thailand, Cambodia, and Laos. Furthermore, we introduce a new procedure of music analysis based on rhyme structure. The aims of the study are to (1) provide Thai/Western musical note comprehension in the forms of Western staff and Thai notation, and (2) describe the procedures for translating from musical note to rhyme structure. To generate a rhyme structure, we apply a Thai poetic and linguistic approach as the method establishment. Rhyme structure is composed of melodic structures, the pillar tones Look-Tok, and melodic rhyming outline.
Thermalization and dephasing in collisional reservoirs
Creators: name: Tabanera-Bravo, Jorge
name: Parrondo, Juan M. R.
name: Esposito, Massimiliano
name: Barra, Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a wide class of quantum maps that arise in collisional reservoirs and are able to thermalize a system if they operate in conjunction with an additional dephasing mechanism. These maps describe the effect of collisions and induce transitions between populations that obey detailed balance, but also create coherences that prevent the system from thermalizing. We combine these maps with a unitary evolution acting during random Poissonian times between collisions and causing dephasing. We find that, at a low collision rate, the nontrivial combination of these two effects causes thermalization in the system. This scenario is suitable for modeling collisional reservoirs at equilibrium. We justify this claim by identifying the conditions for such maps to arise within a scattering theory approach and provide a thorough characterization of the resulting thermalization process.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Hydrodynamic flow amplitude correlations in event-by-event fluctuating heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Qian, Jing
name: Heinz, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of event-by-event fluctuations in the initial geometry of the colliding nuclei are important in the analysis of final flow observables in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. We use hydrodynamic simulations to study the amplitude correlations between different orders of event-by-event fluctuating anisotropic flow harmonics. While the general trends seen in the experimental data are qualitatively reproduced by the model, deviations in detail, in particular for peripheral collisions, point to the need for more elaborate future calculations with a hybrid approach that describes the late hadronic stage of the evolution microscopically. It is demonstrated explicitly that the observed anti-correlation between $v_2$ and $v_3$ is the consequence of approximately linear hydrodynamic response to a similar anti-correlation of the corresponding initial eccentricities $ε_2$ and $ε_3$. For $n{\,>\,}3$, the hydrodynamic correlations between $v_{2,3}$ and $v_n$ deviate from the rescaled correlations among the corresponding initial eccentricities, demonstrating nonlinear mode coupling effect in higher order flows.
description: v2: reference and some additional discussion added. No change in conclusions
title: Classification des domaines de sciences exactes, ingénierie, sciences du vivant et environnement
title: Classification scheme for exact sciences, engineering, life sciences and environment
Creators: name: Institut De L’information Scientifique Et Technique (Inist)-CNRS/UAR76
Publisher: name: Institut de l’information scientifique et technique (Inist) - CNRS/UAR76
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Sciences exactes
subject: Ingénierie
subject: sciences du vivant et environnement
subject: Classification
subject: Exact sciences
subject: engineering
subject: life sciences and environment
subject: Classification

description: Classification des domaines de sciences exactes, ingénierie, sciences du vivant et environnement, dérivée du plan de classement utilisé de 1972 à 2014 par l'Inist pour indexer la base bibliographique Pascal.
Assessing the impact of different irrigation levels on starch potato production
Creators: name: Wenzel, Jan Lukas
name: Conrad, Christopher
name: Piernicke, Thomas
name: Spengler, Daniel
name: Pöhlitz, Julia
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 550

description: In the view of increasing water demands in agriculture, efficient water use is a key factor in potato production. The aim of this study was to compare two deficit (80% and 90%) and one abundant (120%) gun sprinkler irrigation levels with the longtime used irrigation level of a farmer (100%). Irrigation was supplied during the 2021 growing season on a loamy sand site in Mecklenburg–Western Pomerania, Germany. Yield and tuber quality of the high-amylopectin potato (HAPP) variety “Waxy/Henriette” were assessed in a three-grade tuber size distribution. Five economic indicators were used to assess the suitability of the investigated irrigation levels to secure economic responses. Yield and starch yield did not significantly differ between the 90% (561.1 dt ha−1 and 102.0 dt ha−1) and the 100% irrigation levels (559.1 dt ha−1 and 102.3 dt ha−1), with total production increasing by 2.0 dt ha−1 and starch production decreasing by 0.4 dt ha−1 at the 90% irrigation level. Tuber lesions decreased the economic responses at all irrigation levels. Potentially, 87,469 m3 of irrigation water (125.8 m3 ha−1) could have been saved on the loamy sand starch potato sites of the local farm (695.3 ha) in 2021.
On the influence of the environment on galactic chemical abundances
Creators: name: Pilyugin, L. S.
name: Grebel, E. K.
name: Zinchenko, I. A.
name: Nefedyev, Y. A.
name: Mattsson, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the influence of the environment on the chemical abundances of late-type galaxies with masses of 10^9.1 M_sun - 10^11 M_sun using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey(SDSS). We find that the environmental influence on galactic chemical abundances is strongest for galaxies with masses of 10^9.1 M_sun to 10^9.6 Msun. The galaxies in the densest environments may exceed the average oxygen abundances by about 0.05 dex (the median value of the overabundances for 101 galaxies in the densest environments) and show higher abundances in nitrogen by about 0.1. The abundance excess decreases with increasing galaxy mass and with decreasing environmental density. Since only a small fraction of late-type galaxies is located in high-density environments these galaxies do not have a significant influence on the general X/H - M relation. The metallicity - mass relations for isolated galaxies and for galaxies with neighbors are very similar. The mean shift of non-isolated galaxies around the metallicity - mass relation traced by the isolated galaxies is less than 0.01 dex for oxygen and less than 0.02 dex for nitrogen. The scatter in the galactic chemical abundances is large for any number of neighbor galaxies (at any environmental density), i.e., galaxies with both enhanced and reduced abundances can be found at any environmental density. This suggests that environmental effects do not play a key role in evolution of late-type galaxies as was also concluded in some of the previous studies.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, accepted to MNRAS
CTD2022: ATLAS ITk Track Reconstruction with a GNN-based Pipeline
Creators: name: Rougier, Charline
name: Vallier, Alexis
name: Murnane, Daniel Thomas
name: Stark, Jan
name: Calafiura, Paolo
name: Farrell, Steven
name: CAILLOU, Sylvain
name: Ju, Xiangyang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Graph Neural Networks (GNNs) have been shown to produce high accuracy performance on track reconstruction in the TrackML challenge. However, GNNs are less explored in applications with noisy, heterogeneous or ambiguous data. These elements are expected from HL-LHC ATLAS Inner Tracker (ITk) detector data, when it is reformulated as a graph. We present the first comprehensive studies of a GNN-based track reconstruction pipeline on ATLAS-generated ITk data. Significant challenges exist in translating graph methods to this dataset, including processing shared spacepoints, and cluster-to-spacepoint mapping. We analyze several approaches to low-latency and high-efficiency graph construction from this processed data. Further, innovations in GNN training are required for ITk, for example memory management for the very large ITk point clouds, and novel constructions of loss for noisy spacepoints and background tracks. Following these upgrades to the earlier ExaTrkx pipeline, we are able to present the shared state-of-the-art physics performance on full-detector, full-pileup ITk events. We show that a GNN-based pipeline maintains tracking efficiency that is robust to the significant backgrounds and volume-to-volume variation within the detector, across a wide range of pseudorapidity and transverse momenta. We present a set of reconstruction cuts adapted to the GNN pipeline, and see competitive performance compared to the current ATLAS reconstruction chain. Several methods for post-processing GNN output are explored, for either very fast triplet seeding on GPU, or for recovering efficiency with learned embeddings of tracklets and with Kalman Filters. Finally, the performance of different configurations of GNN architecture are considered, for several possible hardware and latency configurations.
The foreground transfer function for HI intensity mapping signal reconstruction: MeerKLASS and precision cosmology applications
Creators: name: Cunnington, Steven
name: Wolz, Laura
name: Bull, Philip
name: Carucci, Isabella P.
name: Grainge, Keith
name: Irfan, Melis O.
name: Li, Yichao
name: Pourtsidou, Alkistis
name: Santos, Mario G.
name: Spinelli, Marta
name: Wang, Jingying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Blind cleaning methods are currently the preferred strategy for handling foreground contamination in single-dish HI intensity mapping surveys. Despite the increasing sophistication of blind techniques, some signal loss will be inevitable across all scales. Constructing a corrective transfer function using mock signal injection into the contaminated data has been a practice relied on for HI intensity mapping experiments. However, assessing whether this approach is viable for future intensity mapping surveys where precision cosmology is the aim, remains unexplored. In this work, using simulations, we validate for the first time the use of a foreground transfer function to reconstruct power spectra of foreground-cleaned low-redshift intensity maps and look to expose any limitations. We reveal that even when aggressive foreground cleaning is required, which causes ${>}\,50\%$ negative bias on the largest scales, the power spectrum can be reconstructed using a transfer function to within sub-percent accuracy. We specifically outline the recipe for constructing an unbiased transfer function, highlighting the pitfalls if one deviates from this recipe, and also correctly identify how a transfer function should be applied in an auto-correlation power spectrum. We validate a method that utilises the transfer function variance for error estimation in foreground-cleaned power spectra. Finally, we demonstrate how incorrect fiducial parameter assumptions (up to ${\pm}100\%$ bias) in the generation of mocks, used in the construction of the transfer function, do not significantly bias signal reconstruction or parameter inference (inducing ${<}\,5\%$ bias in recovered values).
description: 25 pages, 20 figures. See Figure 4 for the main demonstration of the transfer function's performance for reconstructing signal loss from foreground cleaning. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Interplay between Deconfinement and Chiral Properties
Creators: name: Suganuma, Hideo
name: Doi, Takahiro M.
name: Redlich, Krzysztof
name: Sasaki, Chihiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study interplay between confinement/deconfinement and chiral properties. We derive some analytical relations of the Dirac modes with the confinement quantities, such as the Polyakov loop, its susceptibility and the string tension. For the confinement quantities, the low-lying Dirac eigenmodes are found to give negligible contribution, while they are essential for chiral symmetry breaking. This indicates no direct, one-to-one correspondence between confinement/deconfinement and chiral properties in QCD. We also investigate the Polyakov loop in terms of the eigenmodes of the Wilson, the clover and the domain-wall fermion kernels, respectively.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Cephalobares yangdingi Gao & Li 2010
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Cephalobares
Cephalobares yangdingi

description: Cephalobares yangdingi Gao & Li, 2010 Cephalobares yangdingi Gao & Li, 2010b: 257, figs 1–7. Material examined. Holotype ♂, China, Yunnan, Xishuangbanna, Menglun Nature Reserve, secondary tropical seasonal moist forest (21º54.984'N, 101º16.982'E), 10 August 2007, Guo Zheng leg. Distribution. China (Yunnan).
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
CTD2022: Track Finding and Neural Network-Based Primary Vertex Reconstruction with FPGAs for the Upgrade of the CMS Level-1 Trigger System
Creators: name: Brown, Christopher Edward
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The CMS experiment will be upgraded to take advantage of the rich and ambitious physics opportunities provided by the High Luminosity LHC. Part of this upgrade will see the first level (Level-1) trigger use charged particle tracks from the full outer silicon tracker as an input for the first time. The reconstruction of these tracks begins with on-detector hit suppression, identifying hits (stubs) from charged particles with transverse momentum ($p_T$) > 2 GeV within the tracker modules themselves. This reduces the hit rate by one order of magnitude with 15,000 stubs being produced per bunch crossing. Dedicated off-detector electronics using high performance FPGAs are used to find track candidates at 40 MHz using a road-search based pattern matching step. These are then passed to a combinatorial Kalman filter that performs the track fit for $\mathcal{O}$(200) tracks. This overall track finding algorithm is described, as is the ongoing work developing the track fitting firmware and a boosted decision tree approach to track quality estimation. The tracks are used in a variety of ways in downstream algorithms, in particular primary vertex finding in order to identify the hard scatter in an event and separate the primary interaction from an additional 200 simultaneous interactions. A novel approach to regress the primary vertex position and to reject tracks from additional soft interactions uses a lightweight 1000 parameter end-to-end neural network. This neural network possesses simultaneous knowledge of all stages in the reconstruction chain, which allows for end-to-end optimisation. The improved performance of this network versus a baseline approach in the primary vertex regression and track-to-vertex classification is shown. A quantised and pruned version of the neural network has been deployed on an FPGA to match the stringent timing and computing requirements of the Level-1 Trigger. Finally, integration tests between the track finder and vertexing firmware are shown using prototype hardware.
I IS ANOTHER: The fabulative filmic collaboration with someone recovering from addiction
Creators: name: Ledesert, Come
Publisher: name: University of Westminster
Year: 2019

description: The research is a critical exploration of the fabulative filmic collaboration with Petra, a participant recovering from heroin addiction. This fabulative approach articulates a cinema practice that seeks to address the issue of addictive behaviours in a way that has rarely been investigated, with a focus on the recovery process in the long-term. The research lies at the intersection of Film Studies, Performance Studies, Philosophy, Psychiatry and Anthropology. Theoretical insights obtained through primary practice-led film research make contributions to addiction studies by reconsidering biomedical, sociocultural and psychological research on addiction; questioning past and contemporary performative nonfiction filmmaking strategies addressing mental health narratives thereby offering a new model of filmic collaboration in relation to practice-led findings in long durational performance art. The collective filmic enquiry explores alternative safe spaces for people recovering from addiction to current cognitive-behavioural therapeutic models by addressing the crucial issue of hidden or neglected forms of mental health narratives. The doctoral research aims at exploring duration in nonfiction filmmaking and during the recovery process, shifting from rather implicit, anticipated and impressive performances to more explicit, spontaneous, subtle and durational ones. This helps to remain focused on nonverbal and more-than corporeal dimensions of addiction, which also generally remain underresearched. The research hypothesises that recovery from addiction is an explicit performance. Instead of only seeing addiction as an issue to solve, a set of symptoms to address or an urge that needs to be controlled, each new step is also a complex and rich performative experience to understand, cope with and re-enact. The model of working tests the hypothesis with help of performative techniques initially practiced in the context of long durational performance art.
Online Decorrelation of Humidity and Temperature in Chemical Sensors for Continuous Monitoring
Creators: name: Huerta, Ramon
name: Mosqueiro, Thiago S.
name: Fonollosa, Jordi
name: Rulkov, Nikolai F
name: Rodriguez-Lujan, Irene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A method for online decorrelation of chemical sensor signals from the effects of environmental humidity and temperature variations is proposed. The goal is to improve the accuracy of electronic nose measurements for continuous monitoring by processing data from simultaneous readings of environmental humidity and temperature. The electronic nose setup built for this study included eight metal-oxide sensors, temperature and humidity sensors with a wireless communication link to external computer. This wireless electronic nose was used to monitor air for two years in the residence of one of the authors and it collected data continuously during 537 days with a sampling rate of 1 samples per second. To estimate the effects of variations in air humidity and temperature on the chemical sensors signals, we used a standard energy band model for an n-type metal-oxide (MOX) gas sensor. The main assumption of the model is that variations in sensor conductivity can be expressed as a nonlinear function of changes in the semiconductor energy bands in the presence of external humidity and temperature variations. Fitting this model to the collected data, we confirmed that the most statistically significant factors are humidity changes and correlated changes of temperature and humidity. This simple model achieves excellent accuracy with a coefficient of determination $R^2$ close to 1. To show how the humidity-temperature correction model works for gas discrimination, we constructed a model for online discrimination among banana, wine and baseline response. This shows that pattern recognition algorithms improve performance and reliability by including the filtered signal of the chemical sensors.
CTD2022: 4D Track Reconstruction at the sPHENIX Experiment
Creators: name: Osborn, Joe
name: Frawley, Anthony
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The sPHENIX detector is a next generation QCD experiment being constructed for operation at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) at Brookhaven National Laboratory. sPHENIX will collect high statistics $p+p$, $p$+Au, and Au+Au data starting in 2023. The high luminosities that RHIC will deliver create a complex track reconstruction environment that is comparable to the High Luminosity LHC. Tens of thousands of hits need to be reconstructed into tracks associated with the primary collision and pile up interactions. To further complicate data taking, sPHENIX will operate a streaming read-out data acquisition system where data will be recorded without an explicit association to an event designated by a hardware trigger. To meet its physics requirements, sPHENIX has developed track reconstruction software using the A Common Tracking Software (ACTS) package that reconstructs tracks utilizing 3D measurements and timing information from the tracking detectors. In this talk, the sPHENIX 4D track reconstruction will be discussed in the context of triggered and streaming data taking modes.
Bayesian Quantile Regression Using Random B-spline Series Prior
Creators: name: Das, Priyam
name: Ghoshal, Subhashis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a Bayesian method for simultaneous quantile regression on a real variable. By monotone transformation, we can make both the response variable and the predictor variable take values in the unit interval. A representation of quantile function is given by a convex combination of two monotone increasing functions $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$ not depending on the prediction variables. In a Bayesian approach, a prior is put on quantile functions by putting prior distributions on $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$. The monotonicity constraint on the curves $ξ_1$ and $ξ_2$ are obtained through a spline basis expansion with coefficients increasing and lying in the unit interval. We put a Dirichlet prior distribution on the spacings of the coefficient vector. A finite random series based on splines obeys the shape restrictions. We compare our approach with a Bayesian method using Gaussian process prior through an extensive simulation study and some other Bayesian approaches proposed in the literature. An application to a data on hurricane activities in the Atlantic region is given. We also apply our method on region-wise population data of USA for the period 1985--2010.
When and why do medical students drop out of extracurricular longitudinal general practice tracks? : A cross-sectional study from two German medical faculties
Creators: name: Nafziger, Melanie
name: Geier, Anne-Kathrin
name: Bauch, Felix Johannes
name: Deutsch, Tobias
name: Frese, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Objectives: To explore when and why undergraduate medical students drop out of longitudinal extracurricular general practice (GP) tracks and to describe their future career plans. Design: Cross-sectional online survey and descriptive analysis of routine data. Setting: GP tracks at two German medical faculties, data collection took place between September 2020 and April 2021. Participants: Of 111 students who had taken part in one of the two GP tracks and dropped out prematurely, 101 were contactable via email. Overall, the response rate was 72.3% with 73 completed questionnaires and 75.3% of the participants were female. Primary and secondary outcome measures: Reasons for leaving the GP track (closed and free-text answers), attitudes towards a career in GP and future career plans. Results: Students left the tracks predominantly during the first 2 years of study. Students most frequently stated that structural reasons such as the distance to the GP teaching practice (74.2%), interest in another medical discipline (66.1%), private reasons (58.1%) and the GP mentor (53.1%) influenced their decision to drop out. However, 87.1% of the students indicated that their exit could not have been prevented by the project administration. Conclusions: Reasons for dropping out differ between GP tracks and not all reasons are within reach of programme design and staff. Addressable issues include student selection with regard to career plans, support and strengthening of student–mentor relationships, the location of GP practices, and/or travel and accommodation support.
Fatigue Deformation of Polycrystalline Cu Using Molecular Dynamics Simulations
Creators: name: Sainath, G.
name: Rohith, P.
name: Choudhary, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations have been performed to investigate the fatigue deformation behaviour of polycrystalline Cu with grain size of 5.4 nm. The samples were prepared using Voronoi algorithm with random grain orientations. Fatigue simulations were carried out by employing fully reversed, total strain controlled cyclic loading at strain amplitude of $\pm4$\% for 10 cycles. The MD simulation results indicated that the deformation behaviour under cyclic loading is dominated by the slip of partial dislocations enclosing the stacking faults. At higher number of cycles, the grain boundary migration leading to coarsening of larger grains at the expense of the smaller grains has been observed. The cyclic stress-strain behaviour, the deformation mechanisms and the variation of dislocation density as a function of cyclic deformation have been discussed.
description: 6 Pages, 5 Figures , Journal article
CTD2022: Event Filter Tracking for the Upgrade of the ATLAS Trigger and Data Acquisition System
Creators: name: Masik, Jiri
name: Majewski, Stephanie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This submission describes revised plans for Event Filter Tracking in the upgrade of the ATLAS Trigger and Data Acquisition System for the high pileup environment of the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The new Event Filter Tracking system is a flexible, heterogeneous commercial system consisting of CPU cores and possibly accelerators (e.g., FPGAs or GPUs) to perform the compute-intensive Inner Tracker charged-particle reconstruction. Demonstrators based on commodity components have been developed to support the proposed architecture: a software-based fast-tracking demonstrator, an FPGA-based demonstrator, and a GPU-based demonstrator. Areas of study are highlighted in view of a final system for HL-LHC running.
$^{113}$Cd $β$-decay spectrum and $g_{\rm A}$ quenching using spectral moments
Creators: name: Kostensalo, Joel
name: Lisi, Eligio
name: Marrone, Antonio
name: Suhonen, Jouni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an alternative analysis of the $^{113}$Cd $β$-decay electron energy spectrum in terms of spectral moments $μ_n$, corresponding to the averaged values of $n^{\rm th}$ powers of the $β$ particle energy. The zeroth moment $μ_0$ is related to the decay rate, while higher moments $μ_n$ are related to the spectrum shape. The here advocated spectral-moment method (SMM) allows for a complementary understanding of previous results, obtained using the so-called spectrum-shape method (SSM) and its revised version, in terms of two free parameters: $r=g_{\rm A}/g_{\rm V}$ (the ratio of axial-vector to vector couplings) and $s$ (the small vector-like relativistic nuclear matrix element, $s$-NME). We present numerical results for three different nuclear models with the conserved vector current hypothesis (CVC) assumption of $g_{\rm V}=1$. We show that most of the spectral information can be captured by the first few moments which are simple quadratic forms (conic sections) in the $(r,\,s)$ plane: an ellipse for $n=0$ and hyperbolae for $n\geq 1$, all being nearly degenerate as a result of cancellations among nuclear matrix elements. The intersections of these curves, as obtained by equating theoretical and experimental values of $μ_n$, identify the favored values of $(r,\,s)$ at a glance, without performing detailed fits. In particular, we find that values around $r\sim 1$ and $s\sim 1.6$ are consistently favored in each nuclear model, confirming the evidence for $g_{\rm A}$ quenching in $^{113}$Cd, and shedding light on the role of the $s$-NME. We briefly discuss future applications of the SMM to other forbidden $β$-decay spectra sensitive to $g_{\rm A}$.
description: Revised version, results unchanged. Matches version published in PRC (title slightly shortened, text revised, appendices added, figures presented in different order)
Computer simulations of randomly branching polymers: Annealed vs. quenched branching structures
Creators: name: Rosa, Angelo
name: Everaers, Ralf
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present computer simulations of three systems of randomly branching polymers in d=3 dimensions: ideal trees and self-avoiding trees with annealed and quenched connectivities. In all cases, we performed a detailed analysis of trees connectivities, spatial conformations and statistical properties of linear paths on trees, and compare the results to the corresponding predictions of Flory theory. We confirm that, overall, the theory predicts correctly that trees with quenched ideal connectivity exhibit {\it less} overall swelling in good solvent than corresponding trees with annealed connectivity even though they are more strongly stretched on the path level. At the same time, we emphasize the inadequacy of the Flory theory in predicting the behaviour of other, and equally relevant, observables like contact probabilities between tree nodes. We show, then, that contact probabilities can be aptly characterized by introducing a novel critical exponent, $θ_{path}$, which accounts for how they decay as a function of the node-to-node path distance on the tree.
description: 25 pages, 12 figures, including supplementary data
SESN2 knockdown increases betulinic acid-induced radiosensitivity of hypoxic breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Güttler, Antje
name: Weinholdt, Claus
name: Ruffert, Elisabeth
name: Reidt, Judith
name: Darnstaedt, Elisa
name: Wildemann, Alicia
name: Petrenko, Marina
name: Keßler, Jacqueline
name: Kappler, Mathias
name: Große, Ivo
name: Vordermark, Dirk
name: Bache, Mathias
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Betulinic acid (BA) is a natural compound well known for its anti-inflammatory, anti-viral, anti-bacterial, anti-malarial effects and anti-tumor properties. Its enhanced cytotoxicity in tumor cells and induction of cell death in various cancer entities qualifies BA as an interesting candidate for novel treatment concepts. Our analyses showed enhanced cytotoxicity and radiosensitization under hypoxic conditions in human breast cancer cells. So far, the underlying mechanisms are unknown. Therefore, we investigated the BA-treated human breast cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 under normoxic and hypoxic conditions based on microarray technology. Hypoxia and BA regulated a variety of genes in both breast cancer cell lines. KEGG pathway analysis identified an enrichment of the p53 pathway in MCF-7 cells (wtp53) under hypoxia. In MDA-MB-231 cells (mtp53) an additional BA incubation was required to activate the p53 signaling pathway. Fourteen down-regulated and up-regulated genes of the p53 pathway were selected for further validation via qRT-PCR in a panel of five breast cancer cell lines. The stress-induced gene Sestrin-2 (SESN2) was identified as one of the most strongly up-regulated genes after BA treatment. Knockdown of SESN2 enhanced BA-induced ROS production, DNA damage, radiosensitivity and reduced autophagy in breast cancer cells. Our results identified SESN2 as an important target to enhance the radiobiological and anti-tumor effects of BA on breast cancer cells.
Kaon experiments at CERN: recent results and prospects
Creators: name: Goudzovski, Evgueni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NA48/2 and NA62-$R_K$ experiments at the CERN SPS collected large samples of charged kaon decays in flight in 2003--07. The data analysis is still on-going (with over 20 publications produced so far); the recent results from these experiments are presented. A new upper limit on the rate of a lepton number violating decay $K^\pm\toπ^\mpμ^\pmμ^\pm$ is reported: $\mathcal{B} < 8.6\times 10^{-11}$ at 90\% CL. Searches for heavy sterile neutrino $N_4$ and neutral scalar resonances ($χ$) in $K^\pm\toπμμ$ decays are reported. Upper limits on the products $\mathcal{B}(K^\pm\toμ^\pm N_4)\mathcal{B}(N_4\toπ^\mpμ^\pm)$ and $\mathcal{B}(K^\pm\toπ^\pm χ)\mathcal{B}(χ\toμ^+μ^-)$ are set in the range $10^{-10}$ to $10^{-9}$ for resonance lifetimes up to 100~ps. A preliminary measurement of the electromagnetic transition form factor slope of the $π^0$ from $1.05\times 10^6$ fully reconstructed $π^0\toγe^+e^-$ decays is presented: the obtained result $a = (3.70 \pm 0.53_\text{stat} \pm 0.36_\text{syst})\times 10^{-2}$ represents the first observation of a non-zero slope in the time-like region of momentum transfer.
description: Contribution to proceedings of MESON 2016 conference (Krakow, 2-6 June 2016)
Effect of a targeted pain management protocol for the treatment of dermatitis interdigitalis contagiosa in Merino meat sheep in a tilt squeeze chute
Creators: name: Rachidi, Fanny
name: Wagner, Romy
name: Fieseler, Helena
name: Kaiser, Matthias
name: Müller, Hendrik
name: Podpecan, Ozbalt
name: Mielenz, Norbert
name: Gottschalk, Jutta
name: Einspanier, Almuth
name: Möbius, Gerd
name: Baumgartner, Walter
name: Starke, Alexander
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Sachsen-Anhalt
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 599

description: Introduction: The effect of a targeted pain management protocol consisting of sedation and local anesthesia on the stress response to treatment of dermatitis interdigitalis contagiosa (DINCO) was assessed in sheep placed in dorsal recumbency. Methods: Blood cortisol concentrations were measured once a day (Day -3 to 2) and additionally on day 0, six times during the claw treatment (stress model). Twelve healthy sheep (control group; HEALTHY) and 36 sheep with DINCO, randomly allocated to one of three treatment groups, underwent the stress model with or without pain control: the XYLA-IVRA sheep were sedated with 2% xylazine hydrochloride (XYLA) and received retrograde intravenous regional anesthesia (IVRA); the IVRA sheep underwent IVRA and received a placebo instead of sedation; the PLACEBO sheep received placebos for sedation and IVRA. The HEALTHY sheep underwent sham claw treatment and received placebos. Results and discussion: The cortisol concentrations were higher in sheep restrained in dorsal recumbency compared with the cortisol concentrations measured four hours later in standing sheep (HEALTHY 37.2 ± 3.3 ng/ml vs. 18.5 ± 3.3 ng/ml; DISEASED 34.0 ± 1.9 ng/ml vs. 17.6 ± 1.9 ng/ml; p < 0.001). The stress response of XYLA-IVRA (area under the curve; AUC = 34.9 ± 2.6 ng/ml) was reduced compared with the stress response of PLACEBO (AUC = 48.0 ± 2.6 ng/ml, p < 0.01) and HEALTHY sheep (AUC = 46.6 ± 2.5 ng/ml; p = 0.01). While cortisol concentration of XYLA-IVRA and HEALTHY sheep did not increase one day after the stress model (Day 1) compared with the day of the stress model (Day 0), both PLACEBO (47.4 ± 3.3 vs. 35.6 ± 3.1 ng/ml, p = 0.02) and IVRA sheep (39.1 ± 2.8 vs. 28.6 ± 3.1 ng/ml, p = 0.01) had higher cortisol concentrations. The results confirm that fixation in dorsal recumbency in a tilt squeeze chute was a major stressor in sheep. The differences in the cortisol concentration of the PLACEBO sheep versus the XYLA-IVRA sheep during and after the stress model illustrate the effect and necessity of pain management protocols in practice.
Chrosiothes sudabides
Creators: name: Gao, Cai-Xia
name: Li, Shu-Qiang
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theridiidae
Chrosiothes
Chrosiothes sudabides

description: Chrosiothes sudabides (Böesenberg & Strand, 1906) Theridion sudabides Bösenberg & Strand, 1906: 145, pl. 10, fig. 186; Hu, 1984: 172, figs 180. 1–4; Song, 1980: 137, figs 73a–d. Chrosiothes sudabides Feng, 1990: 113, figs 88.1–2; Chen & Gao, 1990: 92, figs 115a–b; Chen & Zhang, 1991: 141, figs 134.1–3; Zhu, 1998: 258, figs 172A–D; Song et al., 1999: 103, figs 48H–I, L. Material examined. China, Yunnan, 1♂, 1♀, Xishuangbanna, Menglun, rubber-tea plantation (about 20 years) (21º54.463'N, 101º15.978'E), 19–26 April 2007, Guo Zheng leg.; 1♀, Menglun, Paramichelia baillonii plantation (about 20 years) (21º53.823'N, 101º17.072'E), 19–25 January 2007, Guo Zheng leg. Distribution. China (Sichuan, Zhejiang); Japan, Korea.
description: Published as part of Gao, Cai-Xia & Li, Shu-Qiang, 2014, Comb-footed spiders (Araneae: Theridiidae) in the tropical rainforest of Xishuangbanna, Southwest China, pp. 1-135 in Zoological Systematics 39 (1) on page 28, DOI: 10.11865/zs20140101, http://zenodo.org/record/7475365
description: {"references": ["Hu, J-L 1984. The Chinese Spiders Collected from the Fields and the Forests. Tianjin Press of Science and Techniques, Tianjin. 482 pp.", "Feng, Z-Q 1990. Spiders of China in Colour. Hunan Science and Technology Publishing House, Changsha. 256 pp."]}
Pseudo-time-reversal symmetry and topological edge states in two-dimensional acoustic crystals
Creators: name: Mei, Jun
name: Chen, Ze-Guo
name: Wu, Ying
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a simple two-dimensional acoustic crystal to realize topologically protected edge states for acoustic waves. The acoustic crystal is composed of a triangular array of core-shell cylinders embedded in a water host. By utilizing the point group symmetry of two doubly degenerate eigenstates at the Γpoint, we can construct pseudo-time-reversal symmetry as well as pseudo-spin states in this classical system. We develop an effective Hamiltonian model for the associated dispersion bands around the Brillouin zone center, and find the inherent link between the band inversion and the topological phase transition. With numerical simulations, we unambiguously demonstrate the unidirectional propagation of acoustic edge states along the interface between a topologically nontrivial acoustic crystal and a trivial one, and the robustness of the edge states against defects with sharp bends. Our work provides a new design paradigm for manipulating and transporting acoustic waves in a topologically protected manner. Technological applications and devices based on our design are expected in various frequency ranges of interest, spanning from infrasound to ultrasound.
Additive interfacial chiral interaction in multilayers for stabilization of small individual skyrmion at room temperature
Creators: name: Moreau-Luchaire, Constance
name: Moutafis, Christoforos
name: Reyren, Nicolas
name: Sampaio, José J.
name: Bouzehouane, Karim
name: Deranlot, Cyrile
name: Warnicke, P.
name: Vaz, C. A. F.
name: Van Horne, N.
name: Garcia, Karin
name: Wohlhüter, P.
name: George, Jean-Marie
name: Weigand, M.
name: Raabe, Jörg
name: Cros, Vincent
name: Fert, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Facing the ever-growing demand for data storage will most probably require a new paradigm. Nanoscale magnetic skyrmions are anticipated to solve this issue as they are arguably the smallest spin textures in magnetic thin films in nature. We designed cobalt-based multilayered thin films where the cobalt layer is sandwiched between two heavy metals providing additive interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, which reach a value close to 2 mJ m-2 in the case of the Ir|Co|Pt asymmetric multilayers. Using a magnetization-sensitive scanning x-ray transmission microscopy technique, we imaged small magnetic domains at very low field in these multilayers. The study of their behavior in perpendicular magnetic field allows us to conclude that they are actually magnetic skyrmions stabilized by the large Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction. This discovery of stable sub-100 nm individual skyrmions at room temperature in a technologically relevant material opens the way for device applications in a near future.