cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Component-level Analysis of an Academic Search Test Collection
Creators: name: Dietz, Florian
name: Petras, Vivien
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Academic search
subject: Component-level evaluation
subject: GIRT04
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: This study analyzes search performance in an academic search test collection. In a component-level evaluation setting, 3,276 configurations over 100 topics were tested involving variations in queries, documents and system components resulting in 327,600 data points. Additional analyses of the recall base and the semantic heterogeneity of queries and documents are presented in a parallel paper. The study finds that the structure of the documents and topics as well as IR components significantly impact the general performance, while more content in either documents or topics does not necessarily improve a search. While achieving overall performance improvements, the component-level analysis did not find a component that would identify or improve badly performing queries.
Nonparametric statistics of dynamic networks with distinguishable nodes
Creators: name: Fraiman, Daniel
name: Fraiman, Ricardo
name: Fraiman, Nicolas
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Abstract The study of random graphs and networks had an explosive development in the last couple of decades. Meanwhile, techniques for the statistical analysis of sequences of networks were less developed. In this paper, we focus on networks sequences with a fixed number of labeled nodes and study some statistical problems in a nonparametric framework. We introduce natural notions of center and a depth function for networks that evolve in time. We develop several statistical techniques including testing, supervised and unsupervised classification, and some notions of principal component sets in the space of networks. Some examples and asymptotic results are given, as well as two real data examples.
Creation Rate of Dirac Particles at a Point Source
Creators: name: Henheik, Joscha
name: Tumulka, Roderich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Only recently has it been possible to construct a self-adjoint Hamiltonian that involves the creation of Dirac particles at a point source in 3d space. Its definition makes use of an interior-boundary condition. Here, we develop for this Hamiltonian a corresponding theory of the Bohmian configuration. That is, we construct a Markov jump process $(Q_t)_{t\in\mathbb{R}}$ in the configuration space of a variable number of particles that is $|ψ_t|^2$-distributed at every time $t$ and follows Bohmian trajectories between the jumps. The jumps correspond to particle creation or annihilation events and occur either to or from a configuration with a particle located at the source. The process is the natural analog of Bell's jump process, and a central piece in its construction is the determination of the rate of particle creation. The construction requires an analysis of the asymptotic behavior of the Bohmian trajectories near the source. We find that the particle reaches the source with radial speed 0, but orbits around the source infinitely many times in finite time before absorption (or after emission).
description: 21 pages LaTeX, 1 figure file
Contrasting the relative performance of RF photonic transversal signal processors based on microcombs using discrete components versus integrated devices
Creators: name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: RF photonic transversal signal processors, which combine reconfigurable electrical digital signal processing and high-bandwidth photonic processing, provide a powerful solution for achieving adaptive high-speed information processing. Recent progress in optical microcomb technology provides compelling multi-wavelength sources with compact footprint, yielding a variety of microcomb-based RF photonic transversal signal processors implemented by either discrete or integrated components. Although operating based on the same principle, processors in these two forms exhibit distinct performance. This letter presents a comparative investigation into their performance. First, we compare the performance of state-of-the-art processors, focusing on the processing accuracy. Next, we analyze various factors that contribute to the performance differences, including tap number and imperfect response of experimental components. Finally, we discuss the potential for future improvement. These results provide a comprehensive comparison of microcomb based RF photonic transversal signal processors implemented using discrete and integrated components and provide insights for their future development.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures, 190 references
First measurement of prompt and non-prompt ${\rm D^{*+}}$ vector meson spin alignment in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This letter reports the first measurement of spin alignment, with respect to the helicity axis, for ${\rm D^{*+}}$ vector mesons and their charge conjugates from charm-quark hadronisation (prompt) and from beauty-meson decays (non-prompt) in hadron collisions. The measurements were performed at midrapidity ($|y|<0.8$) as a function of transverse momentum ($p_{\rm T}$) in proton-proton (pp) collisions collected by ALICE at the centre-of-mass energy $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV. The diagonal spin density matrix element $ρ_{00}$ of ${\rm D^{*+}}$ mesons was measured from the angular distribution of the ${\rm D^{*+}} \to {\rm D}^0 (\to {\rm K}^{-}π^{+}) π^+$ decay products, in the ${\rm D^{*+}}$ rest frame, with respect to the ${\rm D^{*+}}$ momentum direction in the pp centre of mass frame. The $ρ_{00}$ value for prompt ${\rm D^{*+}}$ mesons is consistent with $1/3$, which implies no spin alignment. However, for non-prompt ${\rm D^{*+}}$ mesons an evidence of $ρ_{00}$ larger than $1/3$ is found. The measured value of the spin density element is $ρ_{00}=0.455\pm0.022(\text{stat.})\pm0.035(\text{syst.})$ in the $5 < p_{\rm T} < 20$ GeV/$c$ interval, which is consistent with a PYTHIA 8 Monte Carlo simulation coupled with the EVTGEN package, which implements the helicity conservation in the decay of ${\rm D^{*+}}$ meson from beauty mesons. In non-central heavy-ion collisions, the spin of the ${\rm D^{*+}}$ mesons may be globally aligned with the direction of the initial angular momentum and magnetic field. Based on the results for pp collisions reported in this letter it is shown that alignment of non-prompt ${\rm D^{*+}}$ mesons due to the helicity conservation coupled to the collective anisotropic expansion may mimic the signal of global spin alignment in heavy-ion collisions.
description: 23 pages, 6 captioned figures, 1 table, authors from page 18, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/8858
RACK1 affects the progress of G2/M by regulating Aurora-A
Creators: name: Shen, Suqin
name: Feng, Huan
name: Le, Yichen
name: Ni, Jun
name: Yu, Long
name: Wu, Jiaxue
name: Bai, Meirong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Aurora-A is a serine/threonine kinase, which is overexpressed in multiple human cancers and plays a key role in tumorigenesis and tumor development. In this study, we found that the receptor of activated C-kinase1 (RACK1), an important regulator of biological functions, interacted with Aurora-A and co-localized with Aurora-A at centrosomes. Moreover, RACK1 induces the auto-phosphorylation of Aurora-A in vitro and in vivo. Depletion of RACK1 impaired the activation of Aurora-A in late G2 phase, then inhibited the mitotic entry and leaded to multi-polarity, severe chromosome alignment defects, or centrosome amplification. Taken together, these results suggest that RACK1 is a new partner of Aurora-A and play a critical role in the regulation of the Aurora-A activity during mitosis, which may provide a basis for future anticancer studies targeting Aurora-A.
Ochrocephalamine A, a new quinolizidine alkaloid from Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge
Creators: name: Ran, Jian-Qiang
name: Li, Li-Jun
name: Tan, Cheng-Jian
name: Liu, Li-Na
name: Zhao, Yu
name: Zhao, Bao-Yu
name: Lee, Kuo-Hsiung
name: Morris-Natschke, Susan L.
name: Goto, Masuo
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: One dimeric matrine-type alkaloid, ochrocephalamine A (1), was isolated from the poisonous plant Oxytropis ochrocephala Bunge. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic data and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The insecticidal and cytotoxic activities of 1 were evaluated.
Estimating the contribution of Alfvén waves to the process of heating the quiet solar corona
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Aviles, J. J.
name: Guzman, F. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We solve numerically the ideal MHD equations with an external gravitational field in 2D in order to study the effects of impulsively generated linear and non-linear Alfvén waves into isolated solar arcades and coronal funnels. We analyze the region containing the interface between the photosphere and the corona. The main interest is to study the possibility that Alfvén waves triggers the energy flux transfer toward the quiet solar corona and heat it, including the case that two consecutive waves can occur. We find that in the case of arcades, short or large, the transferred fluxes by Alfvén waves are sufficient to heat the quiet corona only during a small lapse of time and in a certain region. In the case of funnels the threshold is achieved only when the wave is faster than 10 km/s, which is extremely high. We conclude from our analysis, that Alfvén waves, even in the optimistic scenario of having two consecutive Alfvén wave pulses, cannot transport enough energy as to heat the quiet corona.
description: 13 pages, 48 png figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Thermal investigation of bistability in high index doped silica integrated ring resonators
Creators: name: Moss, David J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The utilization and engineering of thermo-optic effects have found broad applications in integrated photonic devices, facilitating efficient light manipulation to achieve various functionalities. Here, we perform both an experimental characterization and theoretical analysis of these effects in integrated micro-ring resonators in high index doped silica (HIDS), which has had many applications in integrated photonics and nonlinear optics. By fitting the experimental results with theory, we obtain fundamental parameters that characterize their thermo-optic performance, including the thermo-optic coefficient, the efficiency for the optically induced thermo-optic process, and the thermal conductivity. The characteristics of these parameters are compared to those of other materials commonly used for integrated photonic platforms, such as silicon, silicon nitride, and silica. These results offer a comprehensive insight into the thermo-optic properties of HIDS based devices. Understanding these properties is essential for efficiently controlling and engineering them in many practical applications.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures, 199 references
A Component-level Analysis of an Academic Search Test Collection
Creators: name: Dietz, Florian
name: Petras, Vivien
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Academic search
subject: Query analysis
subject: Query prediction
subject: GIRT04
subject: 020 Bibliotheks- und Informationswissenschaften

description: This study analyzes causes for successful and unsuccessful search performance in an academic search test collection. Based on a component-level evaluation setting presented in a parallel paper, analyses of the recall base and the semantic heterogeneity of queries and documents were used for performance prediction. The study finds that neither the recall base, query specificity nor ambiguity can predict the overall search performance or identify badly performing queries. A detailed query analysis finds patterns for negative effects (e.g. non-content-bearing terms in topics), but none are overly significant.
Dualities and loops on squashed $S^3$
Creators: name: Thull, Charles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric gauge theories on the squashed three-sphere with six preserved supercharges. We first discuss how Wilson and vortex loops preserve up to four of the supercharges and we find squashing independence for the expectation values of these $\frac{2}{3}$-BPS loops. We then show how the additional supersymmetries facilitate the analytic matching of partition functions and loop operator expectation values to those in the mirror dual theory, allowing one to lift all the results that were previously established on the round sphere to the squashed sphere. Additionally, on the squashed sphere with four preserved supercharges, we numerically evaluate the partition functions of ABJM and its dual super-Yang-Mills at low ranks of the gauge group. We find matching values of their partition functions, prompting us to conjecture the general equality on the squashed sphere. From the numerics we also observe the squashing dependence of the Lee-Yang zeros and of the non-perturbative corrections to the all order large $N$ expression for the ABJM partition function.
description: v3: corrected typos, clarified language, added 2 figures, v2: added references and corrected typos, v1: 17 pages, 3 appendices, 18 figures, 3 videos availabe at https://youtube.com/playlist?list=PL2-qyK_VoDsL0T98yxySNCW-QFVaNNNoN
Achnanthidium neotropicum K. J. Krahn et C. E. Wetzel 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Krahn, Kim J.
name: Wetzel, Carlos E.
name: Ector, Luc
name: Schwalb, Antje
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Bacillariophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Achnanthales
Achnanthaceae
Achnanthidium
Achnanthidium neotropicum

description: Achnanthidium neotropicum K.J.Krahn et C.E.Wetzel sp. nov.
(Figs 2–70 (LM), 71–88 (SEM))
description: Published as part of Krahn, Kim J., Wetzel, Carlos E., Ector, Luc & Schwalb, Antje, 2018, Achnanthidium neotropicum sp. nov., a new freshwater diatom from Lake Apastepeque in El Salvador (Central America), pp. 89-101 in Phytotaxa 382 (1) on page 91, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.382.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/13723846
Deployment of the system
Creators: name: Antoni-Micollier, Laura
name: Lautier-Gaud, Jean
name: Toland, Karl
name: Carbone, Daniele
name: Ménoret, Vincent
name: De Zeeuw-Van Dalfsen, Elske
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: gravity imager
field deployment

description: This is deliverable 3.4 – Deployment of the system – of the H2020 FET-Open project NEWTON-g (GA No 801221). The work described here was carried out in the framework of WP3 (On-field application). D3.4 presents the status (as of autumn 2020) of production and deployment of the different components of the gravity imager and provides estimates of when the missing parts will be made available, thus allowing completion of the system deployment.
Light-Front Quark Model Phenomenology Consistent with Chiral Symmetry
Creators: name: Choi, Ho-Meoyng
name: Ji, Chueng-Ryong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the link between the chiral symmetry of QCD and the numerical results of the light-front quark model, analyzing both the twist-2 and twist-3 distribution amplitudes of a pion. In particular, we exhibit that the pion twist-3 distribution amplitude can flip the sign of curvature as the cutoff scale for the transverse momentum gets lower than a typical scale of around 1 GeV.
description: 4 pages, talk presented at FB21, Chicago, 18-22 May 2015
Non-Invertible Symmetry Webs
Creators: name: Bhardwaj, Lakshya
name: Bottini, Lea E.
name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
name: Tiwari, Apoorv
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Non-invertible symmetries have by now seen numerous constructions in higher dimensional Quantum Field Theories (QFT). In this paper we provide an in depth study of gauging 0-form symmetries in the presence of non-invertible symmetries. The starting point of our analysis is a theory with $G$ 0-form symmetry, and we propose a description of sequential partial gaugings of sub-symmetries. The gauging implements the theta-symmetry defects of the companion paper [1]. The resulting network of symmetry structures related by this gauging will be called a non-invertible symmetry web. Our formulation makes direct contact with fusion 2-categories, and we uncover numerous interesting structures such as symmetry fractionalization in this categorical setting. The complete symmetry web is derived for several groups $G$, and we propose extensions to higher dimensions. The highlight of this analysis is the complete categorical symmetry web, including non-invertible symmetries, for 3d pure gauge theories with orthogonal gauge groups and its extension to arbitrary dimensions.
description: 115 pages
Variational quantum dynamics of two-dimensional rotor models
Creators: name: Medvidović, Matija
name: Sels, Dries
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a numerical method to simulate the dynamics of continuous-variable quantum many-body systems. Our approach is based on custom neural-network many-body quantum states. We focus on dynamics of two-dimensional quantum rotors and simulate large experimentally relevant system sizes by representing a trial state in a continuous basis and using state-of-the-art sampling approaches based on Hamiltonian Monte Carlo. We demonstrate the method can access quantities like the return probability and vorticity oscillations after a quantum quench in two-dimensional systems of up to 64 (8 $\times$ 8) coupled rotors. Our approach can be used for accurate nonequilibrium simulations of continuous systems at previously unexplored system sizes and evolution times, bridging the gap between simulation and experiment.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures; (8 pages, 4 figure appendix)
Recent Advances in Model-Based Fault Diagnosis for Lithium-Ion Batteries: A Comprehensive Review
Creators: name: Xu, Yiming
name: Ge, Xiaohua
name: Guo, Ruohan
name: Shen, Weixiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have found wide applications in a variety of fields such as electrified transportation, stationary storage and portable electronics devices. A battery management system (BMS) is critical to ensure the reliability, efficiency and longevity of LIBs. Recent research has witnessed the emergence of model-based fault diagnosis methods in advanced BMSs. This paper provides a comprehensive review on the model-based fault diagnosis methods for LIBs. First, the widely explored battery models in the existing literature are classified into physics-based electrochemical models and electrical equivalent circuit models. Second, a general state-space representation that describes electrical dynamics of a faulty battery is presented. The formulation of the state vectors and the identification of the parameter matrices are then elaborated. Third, the fault mechanisms of both battery faults (incl. overcharege/overdischarge faults, connection faults, short circuit faults) and sensor faults (incl. voltage sensor faults and current sensor faults) are discussed. Furthermore, different types of modeling uncertainties, such as modeling errors and measurement noises, aging effects, measurement outliers, are elaborated. An emphasis is then placed on the observer design (incl. online state observers and offline state observers). The algorithm implementation of typical state observers for battery fault diagnosis is also put forward. Finally, discussion and outlook are offered to envision some possible future research directions.
description: Submitted to Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews on 09-Jan-2024
Quantum Kernel Evaluation via Hong-Ou-Mandel Interference
Creators: name: Bowie, Cassandra
name: Shrapnel, Sally
name: Kewming, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the fastest growing areas of interest in quantum computing is its use within machine learning methods, in particular through the application of quantum kernels. Despite this large interest, there exist very few proposals for relevant physical platforms to evaluate quantum kernels. In this article, we propose and simulate a protocol capable of evaluating quantum kernels using Hong-Ou-Mandel (HOM) interference, an experimental technique that is widely accessible to optics researchers. Our proposal utilises the orthogonal temporal modes of a single photon, allowing one to encode multi-dimensional feature vectors. As a result, interfering two photons and using the detected coincidence counts, we can perform a direct measurement and binary classification. This physical platform confers an exponential quantum advantage also described theoretically in other works. We present a complete description of this method and perform a numerical experiment to demonstrate a sample application for binary classification of classical data.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, comments are welcome
Sensitivities to neutrino electromagnetic properties at the TEXONO experiment
Creators: name: Kosmas, T. S.
name: Miranda, O. G.
name: Papoulias, D. K.
name: Tortola, M.
name: Valle, J. W. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The possibility of measuring neutral-current coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CENNS) at the TEXONO experiment has opened high expectations towards probing exotic neutrino properties. Focusing on low threshold Germanium-based targets with kg-scale mass, we find a remarkable efficiency not only for detecting CENNS events due to the weak interaction, but also for probing novel electromagnetic neutrino interactions. Specifically, we demonstrate that such experiments are complementary in performing precision Standard Model tests as well as in shedding light on sub-leading effects due to neutrino magnetic moment and neutrino charge radius. This work employs realistic nuclear structure calculations based on the quasi-particle random phase approximation (QRPA) and takes into consideration the crucial quenching effect corrections. Such a treatment, in conjunction with a simple statistical analysis, shows that the attainable sensitivities are improved by one order of magnitude as compared to previous studies.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, version published in PLB
title: Speech by Dr. G. Herzberg on the occasion of his installation as Chancellor of Carleton University, Ottawa, 2 November 1973
Creators: name: Herzberg, Gerhard
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 1973

description: The Gerhard Herzberg fonds is held at the NRC Archives. Contact NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca for information about access.
description: Le fonds Gerhard Herzberg est conservé aux Archives du CNRC. Contactez NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca pour des informations sur l'accès.
description: Chancellor Speech, November 2, 1973, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Unfitted Trefftz discontinuous Galerkin methods for elliptic boundary value problems
Creators: name: Heimann, Fabian
name: Lehrenfeld, Christoph
name: Stocker, Paul
name: von Wahl, Henry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65M60, 65M85, 41A30

description: We propose a new geometrically unfitted finite element method based on discontinuous Trefftz ansatz spaces. Trefftz methods allow for a reduction in the number of degrees of freedom in discontinuous Galerkin methods, thereby, the costs for solving arising linear systems significantly. This work shows that they are also an excellent way to reduce the number of degrees of freedom in an unfitted setting. We present a unified analysis of a class of geometrically unfitted discontinuous Galerkin methods with different stabilisation mechanisms to deal with small cuts between the geometry and the mesh. We cover stability and derive a-priori error bounds, including errors arising from geometry approximation for the class of discretisations for a model Poisson problem in a unified manner. The analysis covers Trefftz and full polynomial ansatz spaces, alike. Numerical examples validate the theoretical findings and demonstrate the potential of the approach.
title: In pursuit of excellence: convocation address, University of Manitoba, 24 May, 1973
Creators: name: Herzberg, Gerhard
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 1973

description: My first and most agreeable duty is to say how much I appreciate receiving an Honorary Degree of Doctor of Science from the University of Manitoba. I am both pleased and proud to be admitted into your academic family and highly value such a compliment. I have visited this University on many previous occasions and have been much impressed by its solid growth . I remember especially one such occasion, in 1961, when I took part in the official opening of the then-new Science Buildings
description: The Gerhard Herzberg fonds is held at the NRC Archives. Contact NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca for information about access.
description: Le fonds Gerhard Herzberg est conservé aux Archives du CNRC. Contactez NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca pour des informations sur l'accès.
description: Convocation address, University of Manitoba, 24 May, 1973, Manitoba, Canada
Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Comprehensive Review and Present Status
Creators: name: Arora, Sameer
name: Misenheimer, Jacob A.
name: Ramaraj, Radhakrishnan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Aortic stenosis is the most common valvular heart disease in the developed world. About 7% of the population over age 65 years suffers from degenerative aortic stenosis. The prognosis of patients with symptomatic severe aortic stenosis is dismal without valve replacement. Even though the American College of Cardiology recommends aortic valve replacement to treat this condition as a class I recommendation, approximately one third of these patients over the age of 75 years are not referred for surgery. Typically, this is from concern about prohibitive surgical risk associated with patient frailty, comorbidities, age, and severe left ventricular dysfunction.
Suppression of non-homologous end joining does not rescue DNA repair defects in Fanconi anemia patient cells
Creators: name: Thongthip, Supawat
name: Conti, Brooke A.
name: Lach, Francis P.
name: Smogorzewska, Agata
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Severe cellular sensitivity and aberrant chromosomal rearrangements in response to DNA interstrand crosslink (ICL) inducing agents are hallmarks of Fanconi anemia (FA) deficient cells. These phenotypes have previously been ascribed to inappropriate activity of non-homologous end joining (NHEJ) rather than a direct consequence of DNA ICL repair defects. Here we used chemical inhibitors, RNAi, and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR)-Cas9 to inactivate various components of NHEJ in cells from FA patients. We show that suppression of DNA-PKcs, DNA Ligase IV, and 53BP1 is not capable of rescuing ICL-induced proliferation defects and only 53BP1 knockout partially suppresses the chromosomal abnormalities of FA patient cells.
title: Linus Pauling award speech
Creators: name: Herzberg, Gerhard
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 1971

description: The Gerhard Herzberg fonds is held at the NRC Archives. Contact NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca for information about access.
description: Le fonds Gerhard Herzberg est conservé aux Archives du CNRC. Contactez NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca pour des informations sur l'accès.
description: Linus Pauling award speech to the Oregon and Puget Sound sections of the American Chemical Society, December 1971
Adiabatic Deformations of Quantum Hall Droplets
Creators: name: Oblak, Blagoje
name: Estienne, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider area-preserving deformations of the plane, acting on electronic wavefunctions through "quantomorphisms" that change both the underlying metric and the confining potential. We show that adiabatic sequences of such transformations produce Berry phases that can be written in closed form in terms of the many-body current and density, even in the presence of interactions. For a large class of deformations that generalize squeezing and shearing, the leading piece of the phase is a super-extensive Aharonov-Bohm term (proportional to N$^2$ for N electrons) in the thermodynamic limit. Its gauge-invariant subleading partner only measures the current, whose dominant contribution to the phase stems from a jump at the edge in the limit of strong magnetic fields. This results in a finite Berry curvature per unit area, reminiscent of the Hall viscosity. We show that the latter is in fact included in our formalism, bypassing its standard derivation on a torus and suggesting realistic experimental setups for its observation in quantum simulators.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures. v2: New paragraph on Laughlin states. v3: Added references, details on distinction between Hall viscosity and Berry phases from quantomorphisms, and more on fractional states
Selection of Centrality Measures Using Self-Consistency and Bridge Axioms
Creators: name: Chebotarev, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C50, 05C82, 15A16, 15A51, 65F60, 91D30, 94C15

description: We consider several families of network centrality measures induced by graph kernels, which include some well-known measures and many new ones. The Self-consistency and Bridge axioms, which appeared earlier in the literature, are closely related to certain kernels and one of the families. We obtain a necessary and sufficient condition for Self-consistency, a sufficient condition for the Bridge axiom, indicate specific measures that satisfy these axioms, and show that under some additional conditions they are incompatible. PageRank centrality applied to undirected networks violates most conditions under study and has a property that according to some authors is ``hard to imagine'' for a centrality measure. We explain this phenomenon. Adopting the Self-consistency or Bridge axiom leads to a drastic reduction in survey time in the culling method designed to select the most appropriate centrality measures.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures. A reworked version. Accepted for publication in Journal of Complex Networks
Healing Without Waging War: Beyond Military Metaphors in Medicine and HIV Cure Research
Creators: name: Rennie, Stuart
name: van Niekerk, Anton
name: Nie, Jing-Bao
name: de Roubaix, Malcolm
name: Staunton, Ciara
name: Tucker, Joseph D.
name: Gilbertson, Adam
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Military metaphors are pervasive in biomedicine, including HIV research. Rooted in the mindset that regards pathogens as enemies to be defeated, terms such as “shock and kill” have become widely accepted idioms within HIV cure research. Such language and symbolism must be critically examined as they may be especially problematic when used to express scientific ideas within emerging health-related fields. In this paper, philosophical analysis and an interdisciplinary literature review utilizing key texts from sociology, anthropology, history, and Chinese and African studies were conducted to investigate the current proliferation of military metaphors. We found the use of these metaphors to be ironic, unfortunate, and unnecessary. To overcome military metaphors we propose to: 1) give them less aggressive meanings, and/or 2) replace them with more peaceful metaphors. Building on previous authors’ work, we argue for the increased use of “journey” (and related) metaphors as meaningful, cross-culturally appropriate alternatives to military metaphors.
Electrocardiographic Advanced Interatrial Block and Atrial Fibrillation Risk in the General Population
Creators: name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Alonso, Alvaro
name: Chen, Lin Y.
name: Zhang, Zhu-Ming
name: Loehr, Laura R.
name: O'Neal, Wesley T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Although advanced inter-atrial block (aIAB) is an established electrocardiographic phenotype, its prevalence, incidence, and prognostic significance in the general population are unclear. We examined the prevalence, incidence, and prognostic significance of aIAB in 14,625 (mean age=54±5.8 years; 26% black; 55% female) participants from the Atherosclerosis Risk In Communities (ARIC) study. aIAB was detected from digital electrocardiograms recorded during 4 study visits (1987–1989, 1990–1992, 1993–1995, and 1996–1998). Risk factors for the development of aIAB were examined using multivariable Poisson regression models with robust variance estimates. Cox regression was used to compute hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for the association between aIAB, as a time-dependent variable, and atrial fibrillation (AF). AF was ascertained from study electrocardiogram data, hospital discharge records, and death certificates thorough 2010. A total of 69 (0.5%) participants had aIAB at baseline and 193 (1.3%) developed aIAB during follow-up. The incidence rate for aIAB was 2.27 (95%CI=1.97, 2.61) per 1000 person-years. Risk factors for aIAB development included age, male sex, white race, antihypertensive medication use, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, body mass index, and systolic blood pressure. In a Cox regression analysis adjusted for socio-demographics, cardiovascular risk factors, and potential confounders, aIAB was associated with an increased risk for AF (HR=3.09, 95%CI=2.51, 3.79). In conclusion, aIAB is not uncommon in the general population. Risk factors for developing aIAB are similar to those for AF and the presence of aIAB is associated with an increased risk for AF.
Soft particles at a fluid interface
Creators: name: Mehrabian, Hadi
name: Harting, Jens
name: Snoeijer, Jacco H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Particles added to a fluid interface can be used as a surface stabilizer in the food, oil and cosmetic industries. As an alternative to rigid particles, it is promising to consider highly deformable particles that can adapt their conformation at the interface. In this study we compute the shapes of soft elastic particles using molecular dynamics simulations of a cross-linked polymer gel, complemented by continuum calculations based on linear elasticity. It is shown that the particle shape is not only affected by the Young's modulus of the particle, but also strongly depends on whether the gel is partially or completely wetting the fluid interface. We find that the molecular simulations for the partially wetting case are very accurately described by the continuum theory. By contrast, when the gel is completely wetting the fluid interface the linear theory breaks down and we reveal that molecular details have a strong influence on the equilibrium shape.
title: Presentation in honour of Harry Thode, McMaster University, June 8, 1979, Hamilton, Ontario
Creators: name: Herzberg, Gerhard
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 1979

description: The Gerhard Herzberg fonds is held at the NRC Archives. Contact NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca for information about access.
description: Le fonds Gerhard Herzberg est conservé aux Archives du CNRC. Contactez NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca pour des informations sur l'accès.
description: Celebration of Harry Thode's 40 years of Research at McMaster's University, June 8, 1979, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Geometric phases of mixed quantum states: A comparative study of interferometric and Uhlmann phases
Creators: name: Hou, Xu-Yang
name: Wang, Xin
name: Zhou, Zheng
name: Guo, Hao
name: Chien, Chih-Chun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two geometric phases of mixed quantum states, known as the interferometric phase and Uhlmann phase, are generalizations of the Berry phase of pure states. After reviewing the two geometric phases and examining their parallel-transport conditions, we specify a class of cyclic processes that are compatible with both conditions and therefore accumulate both phases through their definitions, respectively. Those processes then facilitate a fair comparison between the two phases. We present exact solutions of two-level and three-level systems to contrast the two phases. While the interferometric phase exhibits finite-temperature transitions only in the three-level system but not the two-level system, the Uhlmann phase shows finite-temperature transitions in both cases. Thus, using the two geometric phases as finite-temperature topological indicators demonstrates the rich physics of topology of mixed states.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures. Eqs. (44), (45), (46), (53), and (54) have been updated
Event-level analyses of sex-risk and injection-risk behaviors among nonmedical prescription opioid users
Creators: name: Hino, Sayaka
name: Oramasionwu, Christine
name: Zule, William A.
name: Bobashev, Georgiy V.
name: Doherty, Irene A.
name: Evon, Donna
name: Wechsberg, Wendee M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Nonmedical prescription opioid use has been linked to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among people who inject drugs and with using high dead space syringes that retain more blood and transfer more HIV if shared. Little is known regarding its effects on sex risk behaviors.
The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Berchemia racemosa Siebold & Zucc. (Rhamnaceae), a rare plant species in Korea
Creators: name: Park, Joon Moh
name: Koo, Jachoon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Berchemia racemosa Siebold & Zucc., 1845 is a rare species distributed in restricted areas in the western Korean peninsula. In this study, the complete chloroplast genome (plastome) of B. racemosa was sequenced and assembled by Illumina paired-end sequencing. The plastome of B. racemosa was 161,187 bp in length and was quadripartite in structure, including a large single-copy (LSC) region of 89,503 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,214 bp, and two inverted repeats of 26,735 bp. The GC content was 37.2%. The plastome of B. racemosa contains 130 genes, including eight ribosomal RNA (rRNA) genes, 37 transfer RNA (tRNA) genes, and 85 protein-coding genes. Phylogenetic analysis using complete genome sequences showed that B. racemosa is most closely related to Berchemia flavescens.
The influence of childhood welfare participation on adulthood substance use: evidence from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health
Creators: name: de Saxe Zerden, Lisa
name: Wu, Shiyou
name: Wu, Qi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The associations between early life-socioeconomic status and health, specifically substance use, is well substantiated. The vulnerabilities associated with adversity in childhood, particularly poverty, can have a cumulative effect on an individual’s risk and resilience throughout the life course. While several studies substantiate the relationship between substance use and welfare participation, less known is the impact of and prevalence of behavioral health problems later in life among young adults who were welfare recipients before age 18.
Magnetization Process of the n-type Ferromagnetic Semiconductor (In,Fe)As:Be Studied by X-ray Magnetic Circular Dichroism
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Shoya
name: Anh, Le Duc
name: Hai, Pham Nam
name: Shibata, Goro
name: Takeda, Yukiharu
name: Kobayashi, Masaki
name: Takahashi, Yukio
name: Koide, Tsuneharu
name: Tanaka, Masaaki
name: Fujimori, Atsushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to investigate the mechanism of ferromagnetic ordering in the new n-type magnetic semiconductor (In,Fe)As co-doped with Be, we have performed X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray magnetic circular dichroism (XMCD) studies of ferromagnetic and paramagnetic samples. The spectral line shapes suggest that the ferromagnetism is intrinsic originating from Fe atoms incorporated into the Zinc-blende-type InAs lattice. The magnetization curves of Fe measured by XMCD were well reproduced by the superposition of a Langevin function representing superparamagnetic (SPM) behavior of nano-scale ferromagnetic domains and a T-linear function representing Curie-Weiss paramagnetism even much above the Curie temperatures. The data at 20 K showed a deviation from the Langevin behavior, suggesting a gradual establishment of macroscopic ferromagnetism on lowering temperature. The existence of nano-scale ferromagnetic domains indicated by the SPM behavior suggests spatial fluctuations of Fe concentration on the nano-scale.
title: Remarks at official opening of addition to Chemistry Building, University of Western Ontario, 10 June 1976
Creators: name: Herzberg, Gerhard
Publisher: name: National Research Council Canada
Year: 1976

description: The Gerhard Herzberg fonds is held at the NRC Archives. Contact NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@nrc-cnrc.gc.ca for information about access.
description: Le fonds Gerhard Herzberg est conservé aux Archives du CNRC. Contactez NRC.DR-DN.CNRC@cnrc-nrc.gc.ca pour des informations sur l'accès.
description: Official Opening of NEW Chemistry Building of the University of Western Ontario, June 10, 1976, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada
Orthogonal polynomials in weighted Bergman spaces
Creators: name: Miña-Díaz, Erwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 30C10 (Primary) 42C05, 30E15, 30E20 (Secondary)

description: Let $w$ be a weight on the unit disk $\mathbb{D}$ having the form \[w(z)=|v(z)|^2\prod_{k=1}^s\left|\frac{z-a_k}{1-z\overline{a}_k}\right|^{m_k}\,,\quad m_k>-2,\ |a_k|<1,\] where $v$ is analytic and free of zeros in $\overline{\mathbb{D}}$, and let $(p_n)_{n=0}^\infty$ be the sequence of polynomials ($p_n$ of degree $n$) orthonormal over $\mathbb{D}$ with respect to $w$. We give an integral representation for $p_n$ from which it is in principle possible to derive its asymptotic behavior as $n\to\infty$ at every point $z$ of the complex plane, the asymptotic analysis of the integral being primarily dependent on the nature of the first singularities encountered by the function $v(z)^{-1}\prod_{k=1}^s(1-z\overline{a}_k)^{-1}$.
Entanglement temperature for the excitation of SYM theory in (De)confinement phase
Creators: name: Ghoroku, Kazuo
name: Ishihara, Masafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the holographic supersymmetric Yang-Mills (SYM) theory, which is living in a hyperbolic space, in terms of the entanglement entropy. The theory contains a parameter ($C$) corresponding to the excitation of the SYM theory, and it controls the dynamical properties of the theory. The entanglement temperature ($T_{ent}$) is obtained by imposing the thermodynamic law for the relative entanglement entropy and the energy density of the excitation. This temperature is available at any value of the parameter $C$ even in the region where the Hawking temperature disappears. With this new temperature, the dynamical properties of the excited SYM theory are examined in terms of the thermodynamic law. We could find the signatures of phase transitions of the theory.
description: 24 pages, 5 figures