cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The binary fraction and mass-ratio of Be and B stars: a comparative VLT/NACO study
Creators: name: Oudmaijer, Rene
name: Parr, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to understand the formation mechanism of the disks around Be stars it is imperative to have a good overview of both the differences and similarities between normal B stars and the Be stars. Here we investigate a previous report that there may be a large population of sub-arcsecond companions to Be stars. We present the first systematic, comparative imaging study of the binary properties of matched samples of B and Be stars observed using the same equipment. We obtained high angular resolution (0.07-0.1 arcsec) K band Adaptive Optics data of 40 B stars and 39 Be stars. The separations that can be probed range from 0.1 to 8 arcsec (corresponding to 20-1000 AU), and magnitude differences up to 10 magnitudes can in principle be covered. We detect 11 binaries out of 37 Be targets (corresponding to a binary fraction of 30 +/- 8%) and 10 binaries out of 36 B targets (29 +/- 8%). Further tests demonstrate that the B and Be binary systems are not only similar in frequency but also remarkably similar in terms of binary separations, flux differences and mass ratios. We find that any hypotheses invoking binary companions as responsible for the formation of a disk need the companions to be closer than 20 AU. Close companions are known to affect the circumstellar disks of Be stars, but as not all Be stars have been found to be close binaries, the data suggest that binarity can not be responsible for the Be phenomenon in all Be stars. Finally, the similarities of the binary parameters themselves also shed light on the Be formation mechanism. They strongly suggest that the initial conditions that gave rise to B and Be star formation must, to all intents and purposes, be similar. This in turn indicates that the Be phenomenon is not the result of a different star formation mechanism.
description: accepted for publication in MNRAS 8 pages, 5 figs, 2 tables
Characterization of CoRoT target fields with BEST: Identification of periodic variable stars in the LRa1 field
Creators: name: Kabath, P.
name: Eigmueller, P.
name: Erikson, A.
name: Hedelt, P.
name: von Paris, P.
name: Rauer, H.
name: Renner, S.
name: Titz, R.
name: Wiese, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we report on observations of the CoRoT LRa1 field with the Berlin Exoplanet Search Telescope (BEST). The current paper is part of the series of papers describing the results of our stellar variability survey. BEST is a small aperture telescope with a wide field-of-view (FOV). It is dedicated to search for stellar variability within the target fields of the CoRoT space mission to aid in minimizing false-alarm rates and identify potential targets for additional science. The LRa1 field is CoRoT's third observed field and the second long run field located in the galactic anticenter direction. We observed the LRa1 stellar field on 23 nights between November and March 2005/2006. From 6099 stars marked as variable, 39 were classified as periodic variable stars and 27 of them are within the CoRoT FOV. We also confirmed the variability for 4 stars listed in GCVS catalog.
Additional file 1 of Apoptosis is mediated by FeHV-1 through the intrinsic pathway and interacts with the autophagic process
Creators: name: Ferrara, Gianmarco
name: Longobardi, Consiglia
name: Sgadari, Maria Francesca
name: Restucci, Brunella
name: Iovane, Giuseppe
name: Ciarcia, Roberto
name: Pagnini, Ugo
name: Montagnaro, Serena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Virology

description: Supplementary Material 1: Whole western blot membranes of figures 2, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, and 9
Sub-barrier heavy-ion fusion/capture: Accurate accounting for zero-point quadrupole shape oscillations with realistic nucleus-nucleus potential
Creators: name: Gontchar, I. I.
name: Chushnyakova, M. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the study of collisions of heavy ions resulting in formation of dinuclear systems has a long history this process still is a subject of experimental and scientific activities, partly because nowadays the heavy-ion fusion process is the only practical way for extending further the Periodic Table. Yet the heavy-ion capture cross sections are calculated theoretically with significant uncertainties. In particular, these cross sections below the barrier sometimes underestimate the experimental ones by orders of magnitude. In the literature, it had been shown that accounting for the Zero-Point Oscillations (ZPO) of the shape of colliding nuclei increased significantly the calculated capture cross sections. However, those calculations had been performed in a simplified way with a schematic nucleus-nucleus potential and for few reactions. The purpose of the present paper is to account for the ZPO in a more realistic way and to compare systematically the resulting capture cross sections with the experimental data. In the present paper, the nucleus-nucleus potential is evaluated using the semi-microscopical double-folding model with M3Y-Paris nucleon-nucleon forces. The nucleon densities needed for finding this potential are generated from the experimental three-parameter Fermi charge densities. The calculated capture cross sections are compared with the data for reactions 16O+54Fe, 58Ni, 144Nd, 148Sm, and 58Ni+54Fe, 58Ni, 60Ni. We show that there are certain regularities in the relationship between the experimental and theoretical cross sections with respect to the period of the quadrupole vibrations of the colliding nuclei at their ground states.
Towards a Centralized Scheduling Framework for Communication Flows in Distributed Systems
Creators: name: Andreica, Mugurel Ionut
name: Tirsa, Eliana-Dina
name: Tapus, Nicolae
name: Pop, Florin
name: Dobre, Ciprian Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.2.2; G.2.1; C.2.4

description: The overall performance of a distributed system is highly dependent on the communication efficiency of the system. Although network resources (links, bandwidth) are becoming increasingly more available, the communication performance of data transfers involving large volumes of data does not necessarily improve at the same rate. This is due to the inefficient usage of the available network resources. A solution to this problem consists of data transfer scheduling techniques, which manage and allocate the network resources in an efficient manner. In this paper we present several online and offline data transfer optimization techniques, in the context of a centrally controlled distributed system.
Additional file 1 of An environmental scan of residential treatment service provision in Ontario
Creators: name: Ali, Farihah
name: Law, Justine
name: Russell, Cayley
name: Bozinoff, Nikki
name: Rush, Brian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Overview of program OAT policies. This table provides a regional overview of OAT policies within residential treatment programs included in this scan. This file is referenced at the beginning of page 25.
Modelling two-dimensional Crystals with Defects under Stress: Superelongation of Carbon Nanotubes at high Temperatures
Creators: name: Dietel, J.
name: Kleinert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate analytically the phase diagram of a two-dimensional square crystal and its wrapped version with defects under external homogeneous stress as a function of temperature using a simple elastic lattice model that allows for defect formation. The temperature dependence turns out to be very weak. The results are relevant for recent stress experiments on carbon nanotubes. Under increasing stress, we find a crossover regime which we identify with a cracking transition that is almost independent of temperature. Furthermore, we find an almost stress-independent melting point. In addition, we derive an enhanced ductility with relative strains before cracking between 200-400%, in agreement with carbon nanotube experiments. The specific values depend on the Poisson ratio and the angle between the external force and the crystal axes. We give arguments that the results for carbon nanotubes are not much different to the wrapped square crystal.
description: 12 pages, 6 eps figures, section VI added discussing the modifications of our model when applied to tubes
A logarithmic Hardy inequality
Creators: name: Del Pino, Manuel
name: Dolbeault, Jean
name: Filippas, Stathis
name: Tertikas, Achiles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 26D10, 46E35, 58E35

description: We prove a new inequality which improves on the classical Hardy inequality in the sense that a nonlinear integral quantity with super-quadratic growth, which is computed with respect to an inverse square weight, is controlled by the energy. This inequality differs from standard logarithmic Sobolev inequalities in the sense that the measure is neither Lebesgue's measure nor a probability measure. All terms are scale invariant. After an Emden-Fowler transformation, the inequality can be rewritten as an optimal inequality of logarithmic Sobolev type on the cylinder. Explicit expressions of the sharp constant, as well as minimizers, are established in the radial case. However, when no symmetry is imposed, the sharp constants are not achieved among radial functions, in some range of the parameters.
Quantum Neural Network for Quantum Neural Computing
Creators: name: Zhou, Min-Gang
name: Liu, Zhi-Ping
name: Yin, Hua-Lei
name: Li, Chen-Long
name: Xu, Tong-Kai
name: Chen, Zeng-Bing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural networks have achieved impressive breakthroughs in both industry and academia. How to effectively develop neural networks on quantum computing devices is a challenging open problem. Here, we propose a new quantum neural network model for quantum neural computing using (classically-controlled) single-qubit operations and measurements on real-world quantum systems with naturally occurring environment-induced decoherence, which greatly reduces the difficulties of physical implementations. Our model circumvents the problem that the state-space size grows exponentially with the number of neurons, thereby greatly reducing memory requirements and allowing for fast optimization with traditional optimization algorithms. We benchmark our model for handwritten digit recognition and other nonlinear classification tasks. The results show that our model has an amazing nonlinear classification ability and robustness to noise. Furthermore, our model allows quantum computing to be applied in a wider context and inspires the earlier development of a quantum neural computer than standard quantum computers.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Repositório de dados para pesquisa na Fiocruz: etapas e desafios no processo de implantação do "Arca Dados"
Creators: name: Jorge, Vanessa de Arruda
name: Martins, Maria de Fátima Moreira
name: Santos, Hataânderson Luiz Cabral dos
name: Oliveira, Jaqueline Gomes de
name: Lopes, Ana Beatriz Aguiar Slaibi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Pecha Kucha IV da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
Low Energy Electron and Nuclear Recoil Thresholds in the DRIFT-II Negative Ion TPC for Dark Matter Searches
Creators: name: Burgos, S.
name: Daw, E.
name: Forbes, J.
name: Ghag, C.
name: Gold, M.
name: Hagemann, C.
name: Kudryavtsev, V. A.
name: Lawson, T. B.
name: Loomba, D.
name: Majewski, P.
name: Muna, D.
name: Murphy, A. St. J.
name: Paling, S. M.
name: Petkov, A.
name: Plank, S. J. S.
name: Robinson, M.
name: Sanghi, N.
name: Snowden-Ifft, D. P.
name: Spooner, N. J. C.
name: Turk, J.
name: Tziaferi, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the ability to measure and discriminate particle events at the lowest possible energy is an essential requirement in developing new experiments to search for weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP) dark matter. In this paper we detail an assessment of the potential sensitivity below 10 keV in the 1 m^3 DRIFT-II directionally sensitive, low pressure, negative ion time projection chamber (NITPC), based on event-by-event track reconstruction and calorimetry in the multiwire proportional chamber (MWPC) readout. By application of a digital smoothing polynomial it is shown that the detector is sensitive to sulfur and carbon recoils down to 2.9 and 1.9 keV respectively, and 1.2 keV for electron induced events. The energy sensitivity is demonstrated through the 5.9 keV gamma spectrum of 55Fe, where the energy resolution is sufficient to identify the escape peak. The effect a lower energy sensitivity on the WIMP exclusion limit is demonstrated. In addition to recoil direction reconstruction for WIMP searches this sensitivity suggests new prospects for applications also in KK axion searches.
title: John Lingard: The historian as apologist
Creators: name: Cattermole, P
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2022

description: The account of Lingard's work which is ambitious to be more than a chronicle of his various publications must address large questions about the influence a historian's beliefs and prejudices may have upon his choice of subject for research, his general structuring of the narrative, and his peculiar emphases on events and persons. A review of Lingard's historical writing from the Anglo-Saxon Church of 1806 to the last volume of the last edition of his History of England in 1849, presents a deal of evidence for more than one motive influencing his enterprise, and for several shifts of balance among these motives. It would certainly be an inadequate reading of his work from which it could be concluded either that Lingard himself remained content with the quite crude propaganda for Roman catholic tenets exhibited in his early pamphlet publications, or that he ever surrendered his first intent to demonstrate that Roman Catholics could be trusted with a larger share in the national life than they enjoyed in late Georgian England. His apologetic mode changed during his career and there is a real interest in observing how it changed as he found greater opportunity to express himself. Through an examination of related narratives in Lingard's writing, particularly those in which he can be shown to have purposely engaged in some significant re writing, and exemplarily those in which he deals with the Christianity of the Anglo Saxons and the disputants of the Reformation in England, an attempt is here made to show what inner consistency there is in his work. A consistency, not of devotion to the common aspirations of any church or sect among Christians, but of a gradually expressed personal apologetic for a way of life that should offer Lingard the scope he desired for his talents.
Additional file 1 of Frailty, cognitive impairment, and depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults: an eight-year multi-trajectory analysis
Creators: name: Yuan, Yiyang
name: Peng, Changmin
name: Burr, Jeffrey A.
name: Lapane, Kate L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mental Health
subject: Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 1
On the turbulent energy cascade in anisotropic magnetohydrodynamic turbulence
Creators: name: Carbone, V.
name: Sorriso-Valvo, L.
name: Marino, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of the occurrence of an energy cascade for Alfvénic turbulence in solar wind plasmas was hystorically addressed by using phenomenological arguments based to the weakness of nonlinear interactions and the anisotropy of the cascade in wave vectors space. Here, this paradox is reviewed through the formal derivation of a Yaglom relation from anisotropic Magnetohydrodynamic equation. The Yaglom relation involves a third-order moment calculated from velocity and magnetic fields and involving both Elsässer vector fields, and is particularly useful to be used as far as spacecraft observations of turbulence are concerned.
Coherent Nonlinear Optics and Quantum Control in Negative-Index Metamaterials
Creators: name: Popov, Alexander K.
name: Myslivets, Sergey A.
name: Shalaev, Vladimir M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraordinary properties of laser-induced transparency of a negative-index slab and parametric amplification for a backward-wave signal are investigated. The effects of the idler absorption and phase mismatch on the amplification of the signal are studied, and the feasibility of ensuring robust transparency for a broad range of control field intensities and slab thicknesses is shown. A particular option consisting of the independent engineering of a strong four-wave mixing response and the negative refractive index is proposed and its specific features are investigated. The feasibility of quantum control over the slab transparency in such a scheme is confirmed through numerical experiments. We thus show opportunities and conditions for the compensation of the strong absorption inherent to plasmonic negative-index metamaterials, and we further show achievable transparency through coherent energy transfer from the control optical field to the negative-index signal.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Ethane leak detection from surveillance cameras in petrochemical industries
Creators: name: Bin, Junchi
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: Natural gas is a key component of the global energy system and the manufacturing industries, with ethane being the main flammable chemical compound. Unfortunately, ethane leaks from pipelines and facilities can cause economic losses, environmental damage, and public safety issues. Currently, infrared (IR) imaging is the most common method for manual surveillance of ethane leaks. However, it is difficult for humans to accurately detect ethane leaks in IR imaging. This research seeks to create an automated framework to help engineers detect ethane leaks from surveillance cameras. First, a motion-aware ethane leak detection framework is proposed to detect ethane leaks from streaming videos of surveillance IR cameras. Specifically, the framework first applies a background subtraction to extract motion information from video frames. Then, an object detection framework, foreground fusion-based gas detection (FFBGD), is proposed to combine the motion information from motion and IR frames to accurately detect the ethane leaks. The experimental results indicate a significant improvement over the contemporary frameworks. Second, the observation unveils that the visible (VI) camera can also help to visualize the ethane leaks. Integration of VI and IR cameras as multimodal imaging may also enhance ethane leak detection. Thus, at first, an image registration algorithm is developed to align VI and IR images. Then, a vision Fourier transformer-based ethane detection (VFTED) is proposed to detect the ethane leaks by fusing the VI and IR images. Third, a motion-aware multimodal ethane leak detection (MMELD) framework is proposed to integrate the advantages of these frameworks. The experimental results indicate that the proposed MMELD can further improve the detection accuracy and sensitivity in contemporary industrial frameworks. In summary, the outcome of this thesis contributes to the visual surveillance process in the petrochemical industries. The proposed frameworks achieve precise detection and aid in the decision-making process of leak repairs. Meanwhile, the research is a pioneering effort to improve current ethane leak detection from surveillance cameras through two perspectives, that is motion information and multimodal imaging, which may also inspire academic researchers for future developments.
Numerical and Experimental Investigation of A Three-Axis Free Rotation Wind Tunnel Model
Creators: name: Muller, Laurène
name: Libsig, Michel
name: Martinez, Bastien
name: Bidino, Denis
name: Bastide, Myriam
name: Bailly, Yannick
name: Roy, Jean-Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current need of improving performance in terms of control and aerodynamic efficiency of ammunitions leads to the necessity of performing accurate flying geometry characterizations. Therefore, new investigation methods are developed in order to increase the aerodynamic knowledge. Free flight measurements experiments are the most common way to obtain dynamic aerodynamic coefficients. However, they do not always allow neither easy nor perfect measurements conditions. Currently ISL develops a stereovision method based wind-tunnel measurements methodology for investigation of a 3-axis free rotation model. This methods has been applied to the DREV-ISL reference model in order to compare coefficients obtained by this method with numerical results.
Doing Deals in Japan: An Analysis of Recent Trends and Developments for the U.S. Practitioner
Creators: name: Hines, Christopher T.
name: Tanigawa, Tatsuya
name: Hughes, Andrew P.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2006

description: Japanese deals are back. During the so-called “lost decade” of the 1990s when Japanese banks were saddled with non-performing loans and Japanese companies posted minimal earnings growth, it seemed as though the Japanese economy was left out of the globalization trend that was sweeping across western economies and much of the developing world. Perhaps lost in the shuffle of the tech boom, the fallout from Enron and WorldCom, the passage of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the subsequent rules issued by securities regulators, the investigations by New York Attorney General Eliot Spitzer and the Securities and Exchange Commission into the recommendations made by certain securities analysts, and the market timing abuses committed by some mutual funds–on top of the grave concerns arising in a post-September 11 era–there was little time left to discuss the critical changes that were taking place in the world’s second largest economy. Although some companies and investors took another look at Japan somewhat earlier in the business cycle (and have consequently reaped the benefits of such investments), only recently have the numbers come back to generate renewed interest across the market. The numbers have come back big. According to Thomson Financial, in 2005 the total number of Japanese deals was 2552–second only to the United States– resulting in total deal volume exceeding $167 billion–third in the world following the United States and the United Kingdom. Japanese deals were up 109.2% in 2005 from their 2004 levels, while the United States and the United Kingdom were up 33.3% and 15.6%, respectively. Although Japanese deals may still account for a smaller percentage of the overall Japanese economy when measured against comparable figures in many western economies, there is little doubt that the trends are up. Indeed, Thomson Financial concluded that “Japan proved a hot market in 2005, far outpacing growth in the United States, the United Kingdom, and Australia.” This article examines the process that is currently being played out in Japan by: (i) analyzing the recent changes in Japanese law of relevance to M&A deals; (ii) discussing some recent contested deals in Japan that may shed light on current market practices; and (iii) providing an overview of the key issues that a U.S. practitioner will likely face when working on a Japanese deal. While this analysis is by no means an exhaustive or comprehensive treatment of the subject matter, hopefully it will provide insight into the changes that are taking place in Japan, while also noting future developments that may, to some degree, be anticipated.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2006 No. 3
Additional file 1 of Perceptions of paramedic educators on assessments used in the first year of a paramedic programme: a qualitative exploration
Creators: name: Knox, Shane
name: Brand, Charles
name: Sweeney, Catherine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Supplementary Material 1
Spectral properties of photogenerated carriers in quantum well solar cells
Creators: name: Aeberhard, U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of low-dimensional structures such as quantum wells, wires or dots in the absorbing regions of solar cells strongly affects the spectral response of the latter, the spectral properties being drastically modified by quantum confinement effects. Due to the microscopic nature of these effects, a microscopic theory of absorption and transport is required for their quantification. Such a theory can be developed in the framework of the non-equilibrium Green's function approach to semiconductor quantum transport and quantum optics. In this paper, the theory is used to numerically investigate the density of states, non-equilibrium occupation and corresponding excess concentration of both electrons and holes in single quantum well structures embedded in the intrinsic region of a p-i-n semiconductor diode, under illumination with monochromatic light of different energies. Escape of carriers from the quantum well is considered via the inspection of the spectral photocurrent at a given excitation energy. The investigation shows that escape from deep levels may be inefficient even at room temperature.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Intrinsic Spin and Orbital Hall Effects in Heavy Fermion Systems
Creators: name: Tanaka, Takuro
name: Kontani, Hirosho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the intrinsic spin Hall effect (SHE) based on the orbitally degenerate periodic Anderson model, which is an effective model for heavy fermion systems. In the very low resistivity regime, the magnitude of the intrinsic spin Hall conductivity (SHC) is estimated as $2000 \sim 3000 \hbar e^{-1} Ω^{-1} cm^{-1}$; It is about 10 times larger than that in Pt. Its sign is negative (positive) in Ce (Yb) compound systems with $f^1$ ($f^{13}$) configuration. Interestingly, the obtained expression for the SHC depends only on the density of conduction electrons, but is independent of the strength of the c-f mixing potential and the mass-enhancement factor. The origin of the huge SHE is the spin-dependent Berry phase induced by the complex f-orbital wavefunction, which we call the "orbital Aharonov-Bohm effect".
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Do You Get What You Pay For? A Look at the High Fees and Low Protections of Mutual Funds
Creators: name: Dillon, Caroline J.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2006

description: Mutual funds have become a major part of the American securities market. As of 2004, mutual funds represented $8.1 trillion in assets and held nearly a quarter of all the outstanding stock of American corporations. The value of the securities owned by mutual funds has increased almost 300% since 1995. Mutual funds have also become a primary investment vehicle for individuals, and the industry has seen astounding growth among American households. In 2004, individual shareholders held over 90% of mutual fund assets either directly or indirectly. The tremendous growth in this field, combined with the high number of individual investors, many of whom are unsophisticated, creates a serious problem for shareholders seeking fair treatment by the funds. The excessive fees that mutual funds charge shareholders is a typical form of abuse. The unique structure of mutual funds makes them particularly susceptible to agency problems that can result in higher fees. These agency problems prevent competitive forces from working properly in the mutual fund industry. Unfortunately, legislation in this arena generally has served only to increase the permissible types of fees that funds may charge, granting little in the way of increased shareholder protection. The limited protection that shareholders do receive comes primarily from the fiduciary duties created by the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”). This Note seeks to determine whether current law adequately protects shareholders from the agency problems inherent in mutual fund organization by analyzing the underpinnings of mutual fund fee calculations and the available avenues for shareholders to dispute such fees.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2006 No. 2
Universal Correlations and Dynamic Disorder in a Nonlinear Periodic 1D System
Creators: name: Silberberg, Yaron
name: Lahini, Yoav
name: Bromberg, Yaron
name: Small, Eran
name: Morandotti, Roberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a periodic 1D system described by a tight-binding model is uniformly initialized with equal amplitudes at all sites, yet with completely random phases, it evolves into a thermal distribution with no spatial correlations. However, when the system is nonlinear, correlations are spontaneously formed. We find that for strong nonlinearities, the intensity histograms approach a narrow Gaussian distributed around their mean and phase correlations are formed between neighboring sites. Sites tend to be out-of-phase for a positive nonlinearity and in-phase for a negative one. The field correlations take a universal shape independent of parameters. This nonlinear evolution produces an effectively dynamically disordered potential which exhibits interesting diffusive behavior.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures. Comments welcome
Towards efficient multilayer network data management
Creators: name: Panayiotou, Georgios
name: Magnani, Matteo
name: Pinaud, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Real-world multilayer networks can be very large and there can be multiple choices regarding what should be modeled as a layer. Therefore, there is a need for their effective storage and manipulation. Currently, multilayer network analysis software use different data structures and manipulation operators. We aim to categorize operators in order to assess which structures work best for certain operator classes and data features. In this work, we propose a preliminary taxonomy of layer and data manipulation operators. We also design and execute a benchmark of select software and operators to identify potential for optimization.
Additional file 1 of Model-based evaluation of admission screening strategies for the detection and control of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales in the English hospital setting
Creators: name: Pople, Diane
name: Kypraios, Theodore
name: Donker, Tjibbe
name: Stoesser, Nicole
name: Seale, Anna C.
name: George, Ryan
name: Dodgson, Andrew
name: Freeman, Rachel
name: Hope, Russell
name: Walker, Ann Sarah
name: Hopkins, Susan
name: Robotham, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplemental information: §1. Parameterisation (§1.a. Patient population and movements: §1.a.i. Patient source geography and associated prevalence on admission, §1.a.ii. Length of Stay, Maximum number of admissions per patient, Time between admissions; §1.b. CPE natural history : §1.b.i. Definitions used in test data analysis for CPE natural history parameters, §1.b.ii. Transmission estimation, §1.b.iii. Clearance estimation; §1.c. CPE infection prevention and control : §1.c.i Screening, contact tracing and clinical tests sensitivity and specificity), §2 Additional parameters, §3 Model validation, §4 Simulation results for region-typical hospitals.
Confinement Effects on the Kinetics and Thermodynamics of Protein Dimerization
Creators: name: Wang, Wei
name: Xu, Wei-Xin
name: Levy, Y.
name: Trizac, E.
name: Wolynes, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the cell, protein complexes form relying on specific interactions between their monomers. Excluded volume effects due to molecular crowding would lead to correlations between molecules even without specific interactions. What is the interplay of these effects in the crowded cellular environment? We study dimerization of a model homodimer both when the mondimers are free or tethered to each other. We consider a structured environment: Two monomers first diffuse into a cavity of size $L$ and then fold and bind within the cavity. The folding and binding are simulated using molecular dynamics based on a simplified topology based model. The {\it confinement} in the cell is described by an effective molecular concentration $C \sim L^{-3}$. A two-state coupled folding and binding behavior is found. We show the maximal rate of dimerization occurred at an effective molecular concentration $C^{op}\simeq 1m$M which is a relevant cellular concentration. In contrast, for tethered chains the rate keeps at a plateau when $CC^{op}$. For both the free and tethered cases, the simulated variation of the rate of dimerization and thermodynamic stability with effective molecular concentration agrees well with experimental observations. In addition, a theoretical argument for the effects of confinement on dimerization is also made.
Phase study of oscillatory resistances in microwave-irradiated- and dark- GaAs/AlGaAs devices: Indications of a new class of integral quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Mani, R. G.
name: Johnson, W. B.
name: Umansky, V.
name: Narayanamurti, V.
name: Ploog, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the experimental results from a dark study and a photo-excited study of the high mobility GaAs/AlGaAs system at large filling factors, $ν$. At large-$ν$, the dark study indicates several distinct phase relations ("Type-1", "Type-2", and "Type-3") between the oscillatory diagonal- and Hall- resistances, as the canonical Integral Quantum Hall Effect (IQHE) is manifested in the "Type-1" case of approximately orthogonal diagonal- and Hall resistance- oscillations. Surprisingly, the investigation indicates quantum Hall plateaus also in the "Type-3" case characterized by approximately "anti-phase" Hall- and diagonal- resistance oscillations, suggesting a new class of IQHE. Transport studies under microwave photo-excitation exhibit radiation-induced magneto-resistance oscillations in both the diagonal, $R_{xx}$, and off-diagonal, $R_{xy}$, resistances. Further, when the radiation-induced magneto-resistance oscillations extend into the quantum Hall regime, there occurs a radiation-induced non-monotonic variation in the amplitude of Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations in $R_{xx}$ \textit{vs}. B, and a non-monotonic variation in the width of the quantum Hall plateaus in $R_{xy}$. The latter effect leads into the vanishing of IQHE at the minima of the radiation-induced $R_{xx}$ oscillations with increased photo-excitation. We reason that the mechanism which is responsible for producing the non-monotonic variation in the amplitude of SdH oscillations in $R_{xx}$ under photo-excitation is also responsible for eliminating, under photo-excitation, the novel "Type-3" IQHE in the high mobility specimen.
description: 11 pages, 12 color figures
On quantum perfect state transfer in weighted join graphs
Creators: name: Angeles-Canul, R. J.
name: Norton, R.
name: Opperman, M.
name: Paribello, C.
name: Russell, M.
name: Tamon, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study perfect state transfer on quantum networks represented by weighted graphs. Our focus is on graphs constructed from the join and related graph operators. Some specific results we prove include: (1) The join of a weighted two-vertex graph with any regular graph has perfect state transfer. This generalizes a result of Casaccino et al. [clms09] where the regular graph is a complete graph or a complete graph with a missing link. In contrast, the half-join of a weighted two-vertex graph with any weighted regular graph has no perfect state transfer. This implies that adding weights in a complete bipartite graph do not help in achieving perfect state transfer. (2) A Hamming graph has perfect state transfer between each pair of its vertices. This is obtained using a closure property on weighted Cartesian products of perfect state transfer graphs. Moreover, on the hypercube, we show that perfect state transfer occurs between uniform superpositions on pairs of arbitrary subcubes. This generalizes results of Bernasconi et al. [bgs08] and Moore and Russell [mr02]. Our techniques rely heavily on the spectral properties of graphs built using the join and Cartesian product operators.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Experts in the Courthouse: Problems and Opportunities
Creators: name: Kaplan, Lewis A.
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2006

description: In recent years, there has been an explosion in the volume of expert testimony produced at trial. The Supreme Court’s decision in Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharmaceuticals, Inc. is, more than anything else, a symptom of this new phenomenon. Although there is a dearth of empirical data on the total amount of expert testimony, the evidence that does exist is striking. According to one study, at least one expert testified in eighty-six percent of all civil jury trials in the California Superior Courts over a two-year period, with an average of 3.3 experts per trial. According to another study, the number of experts regularly testifying in Cook County, Illinois increased by more than 1,500 percent over a fifteen-year period. We can attribute this upsurge, in large part, to the fact that lawsuits today are more complex than they have ever been. Securities fraud suits, for example, raise incredibly complicated issues of accounting and economics. Product liability actions against drug companies confront questions of toxicology, pharmacology, epidemiology, and statistics. Antitrust cases often turn on economic evidence. Lawyers and judges alike feel ill-equipped to handle such issues alone, and it makes sense that they would look to experts for guidance. But, there are two other, sometimes less benign factors driving the radical increase in expert testimony: the expert witness industry and the increase in the strategic use of witnesses advocates. Proposed in this article is a solution to this radical increase: appointing experts to serve as scientific or technical advisors to the court.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2006 No. 2
Game theory: An appropriate tool for strategic analysis ?
Creators: name: Boisset, Marc-Olivier
name: Langlois-Berthelot, Jean
name: Bazalgette, Didier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: According to one of its founders, game theory would soon be a little over a hundred years old . A well-known theory in the academic and strategic fields, it is often the subject of criticism and, for many, seems too simplistic to be truly operational for decision-making in complex strategic environments. In this article, we analyze the main criticisms made of game theory in strategy and we show to what extent certain aspects of research in game theory have important potential, precisely when the strategic community takes record of the work carried out by academics and operational staff in recent years in emerging research fields.
Comment on "Time-averaged properties of unstable periodic orbits and chaotic orbits in ordinary differential equation systems"
Creators: name: Zaks, Michael A.
name: Goldobin, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent paper claims that mean characteristics of chaotic orbits differ from the corresponding values averaged over the set of unstable periodic orbits, embedded in the chaotic attractor. We demonstrate that the alleged discrepancy is an artifact of the improper averaging: Since the natural measure is non-uniformly distributed over the attractor, different periodic orbits make different contributions into the time averages. As soon as the corresponding weights are accounted for, the discrepancy disappears.
description: Comment, 2 pages, 1 figure
Additional file 1 of 2P-FLIM unveils time-dependent metabolic shifts during osteogenic differentiation with a key role of lactate to fuel osteogenesis via glutaminolysis identified
Creators: name: Neto, Nuno G. B.
name: Suku, Meenakshi
name: Hoey, David A.
name: Monaghan, Michael G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Gene symbol, name, accession number, unique assay ID and amplicon length of genes used for qPCR. Fig. S1. Alizarin red staining of hMSCs after 21 days of incubation in either Xpan or Osteo+ cell culture media. Table S2. Mahalanobis distance, Hotelling’s T2 stats, F-value, critical F-Values, P-value and significance results of PCA statistical significance analysis. Fig. S2. Supplementation of Osteo+ cell culture medium with lactate (7.5 mM) and metabolic inhibitors. A Alizarin red staining of hMSCs after 14 days of cell culture in several cell culture medium formulations. B Alizarin red quantification per DNA of hMSCs after 14 days of cell culture.
The Application of Antitrust and Fraud-and-Abuse Law to Specialty Hospitals
Creators: name: Bartels, Jennifer
Publisher: name: Columbia Business Law Review
Year: 2006

description: The recent growth of specialty hospitals in the health care industry represents a significant departure from the way in which most hospital care is currently provided. While medical practice is highly fragmented, hospital care has traditionally been an integrated service–typically a large facility handles most medical treatments and provides a wide array of services for patients. Single specialty hospitals present a different form of hospital care that channels certain medical specialties and treatments into distinct hospitals, each devoted to particular sets of patients. The laws regulating health care must adapt to such changes in the provision of health care. Under current standards, fraud-and-abuse laws fail to address adequately the new challenges that specialty hospitals present to self-referral enforcement. The traditional application of antitrust laws may overlook the procompetitive effects of new types of transactions and agreements involving specialty hospitals, and, simultaneously, these laws may fail to protect the public effectively against some of the anticompetitive advantages that each type of hospital has over another. The rapid proliferation of specialty hospitals in the health care market demands evaluation of these issues now. This Note argues that the existence of specialty hospitals raises issues that are not covered by current antitrust and antifraud legislation, yet must be addressed in the interests of the health care industry. Part II presents the current status of fraud-and-abuse laws regulating health care, with particular attention to self-referral regulations. Part III similarly seeks to outline the status quo of antitrust policy and enforcement in the health care industry. Part IV explains what single specialty hospitals are, and what advantages and disadvantages they present to the health care industry, focusing primarily on fraud and antitrust issues. Part V addresses particular instances and ways in which antitrust and fraud-and-abuse laws interact in the context of specialty hospitals. Part V first focuses on general conflicts between regulation and competition by providing three specific examples of such interaction: payment-for-performance theories, industry reactions to specialty hospital competition, and certificate of need (“CON”) laws as a direct regulation of hospital care. Part V then examines specialty hospitals in terms of general health policy goals and nonprice features of competition. Finally, Part VI proposes possible solutions to some of the problems presented in earlier parts, including specific changes to the self-referral amendments and strict enforcement of antitrust laws in the specialty hospital subsector of the health care industry.
description: Columbia Business Law Review, Vol. 2006 No. 1