cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Charge-Transfer Dynamics and Nonlocal Dielectric Permittivities Tuned with Metamaterial Structures as Solvent Analogues
Creators: name: Lee, KJ
name: Xiao, Y
name: Woo, JH
name: Kim, E
name: Kreher, D
name: Attias, A-J
name: Mathevet, F
name: Ribierre, J-C
name: Wu, JW
name: Andre, P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge transfer (CT) is a fundamental and ubiquitous mechanism in biology, physics and chemistry. Here, we evidence that CT dynamics can be altered by multi-layered hyperbolic metamaterial (HMM) substrates. Taking triphenylene:perylene diimide dyad supramolecular self-assemblies as a model system, we reveal longer-lived CT states in presence of HMM structures with both charge separation and recombination characteristic times increased by factors of 2.4 and 1.7, i.e. relative variations of 140 and 73 %, respectively. To rationalise these experimental results in terms of driving force, we successfully introduce image dipole interactions in Marcus theory. The non-local effect herein demonstrated is directly linked to the number of metal-dielectric pairs, can be formalised in the dielectric permittivity, and is presented as a solid analogue to local solvent polarizability effects. This model and extra PH3T:PC60BM results show the generality of this non-local phenomenon and that a wide range of kinetic tailoring opportunities can arise from substrate engineering. This work paves the way toward the design of artificial substrates to control CT dynamics of interest for applications in optoelectronics and chemistry.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Evaluation of the dosage of tilmicosin for the treatment of acute bovine footrot (interdigital phlegmon)
Creators: name: Merrill, J. K.
name: Morck, D. W.
name: Olson, M. E.
name: Dick, C. P.
Publisher: name: The Bovine Practitioner
Year: 1999

description: Two studies on a commercial feedlot in Western Canada investigated the dose of s.c. tilmicosin injection required for treating bovine foot rot. 320 animals with signs of acute lameness including inflammation and swelling of the skin and tissues of the interdigital cleft, coronet, and/or the distal limb were considered suspect cases of foot rot by pen riders and presented to the hospital for diagnosis. Candidates for enrolment were thoroughly examined to eliminate those cases of lameness caused by foreign objects, sprains, fractures, sole abscesses or other causes of lameness not associated with acute bovine foot rot. As animals presented they were randomly assigned to either placebo (saline at 1.5 ml/50 kg), 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg tilmicosin/kg in blocks of 4 animals (study 1) or to either 2.5, 5.0 or 10.0 mg tilmicosin/kg in blocks of 3 (study 2). On day 1 (defined as the point in time that the animal is confirmed for inclusion on the trial and treatment administered), day 2, day 3 and day 4 the animals were scored for lameness, swelling and lesions using a 4 point scale. Treatment was considered successful if on day 4 the animal scored 0 (normal) for lameness and did not require retreatment for foot rot in the next 10 days. Cure rates were 15.0, 68.0, 74.0 and 77.0 %, respectively, for the placebo, 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg tilmicosin/kg. There were no significant differences between the 2.5, 5.0 and 10 mg tilmicosin/kg doses but all were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the placebo. Efficacy appeared to be dose related.
description: The Bovine Practitioner, Vol. 33, No. 1 (1999 January)
Rigorous Asymptotics for the Lamé and Mathieu Functions and their Respective Eigenvalues with a Large Parameter
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Karen
name: Daalhuis, Adri B. Olde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E10, 34E05, 34E20

description: By application of the theory for second-order linear differential equations with two turning points developed in [Olver F.W.J., Philos. Trans. Roy. Soc. London Ser. A 278 (1975), 137-174], uniform asymptotic approximations are obtained in the first part of this paper for the Lamé and Mathieu functions with a large real parameter. These approximations are expressed in terms of parabolic cylinder functions, and are uniformly valid in their respective real open intervals. In all cases explicit bounds are supplied for the error terms associated with the approximations. Approximations are also obtained for the large order behaviour for the respective eigenvalues. We restrict ourselves to a two term uniform approximation. Theoretically more terms in these approximations could be computed, but the coefficients would be very complicated. In the second part of this paper we use a simplified method to obtain uniform asymptotic expansions for these functions. The coefficients are just polynomials and satisfy simple recurrence relations. The price to pay is that these asymptotic expansions hold only in a shrinking interval as their respective parameters become large; this interval however encapsulates all the interesting oscillatory behaviour of the functions. This simplified method also gives many terms in asymptotic expansions for these eigenvalues, derived simultaneously with the coefficients in the function expansions. We provide rigorous realistic error bounds for the function expansions when truncated and order estimates for the error when the eigenvalue expansions are truncated. With this paper we confirm that many of the formal results in the literature are correct.
Mimosa plumosa Micheli, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Mimosa
Mimosa plumosa

description: Mimosa plumosa Micheli, Mém. Soc. Phys. Genève 30: 91. 1889.
Shrub.
 Vouchers: Amambay: Schinini & Dematteis 33551 (K). Caaguazú: Rojas 9499 (AS). Cordillera: Arechavaleta 4820 (AS); Arenas 1149 (MO); Balansa 4424, type (C, F, G, P); Hassler 6579 (BM, K, MO); Zardini 8185 (FCQ, MO); Zardini 26766 (FCQ, MO); Zardini 26780 (FCQ, MO). Paraguarí: Zardini 34948 (MO, PY); Zardini 26370 (MO, PY).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Nonlinear Relationship between Birth Weight and Visceral Fat in Adolescents
Creators: name: Gutin, Bernard
name: Stansfield, Brian K.
name: Bhatia, Jatinder
name: Fain, Mary Ellen
name: Nguyen, Joshua T.
name: Pollock, Norman K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To determine the association of birth weight with abdominal fat distribution and markers known to increase risk for cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes in adolescents.
Prevalence of nitrosamine contaminants in drug samples: Has the crisis been overcome?
Creators: name: Schmidtsdorff, Sebastian
name: Neumann, Jonas
name: Schmidt, Alexander H.
name: Parr, Maria K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities
subject: nitrosamines
subject: N-nitroso compounds
subject: porous graphitic carbon
subject: supercritical fluid chromatography
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::615 Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: Various drug samples (N = 249; drug substances, tablets, capsules, solutions, crèmes, and more) from the European pharmaceutical market were collected since 2019 and analyzed for 16 nitrosamines (NAs). In 2.0% of the cases, NAs were detected. These findings included four active pharmaceutical ingredients already known for potential NA contamination: losartan (N-nitrosodimethylamine [NDMA] and N-nitrosodiethylamine, simultaneously), valsartan (NDMA), metformin (NDMA) and ranitidine (NDMA). The fifth new finding, which has not been reported yet, discovered contamination of a molsidomine tablet sample with N-nitrosomorpholine (NMor). The tablet contained 144% of the toxicological allowable intake for NMor. NMor was included in our screening from the beginning and is currently the focus of regulatory authorities, but was added to the guidelines only last year. Thus, it may not have been the focus of regulatory investigations for too long. Our results indicate that the majority of drug products in the market are nonhazardous in terms of patient safety and drug purity. Unfortunately, the list of individual affected products keeps growing constantly and new NA cases, such as molsidomine or nitrosated drug substances (nitrosamine drug substance-related impurities [NDSRI]), continue to emerge. We therefore expect nitrosamine screenings to remain a high priority.
Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System in Children with Crohn's Disease
Creators: name: Sandler, Robert S.
name: Arvanitis, Marina
name: Martin, Christopher F.
name: DeWalt, Darren A.
name: Kappelman, Michael D.
name: Jaeger, Beth
name: Chen, Wenli
name: Long, Millie D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To assess the criterion validity and responsiveness of Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) in a web-based cohort of children with Crohn’s disease.
Smartphone-delivered mental health care interventions for refugees: A systematic review of the literature
Creators: name: El-Haj-Mohamad, Rayan
name: Nohr, Laura
name: Niemeyer, Helen
name: Böttche, Maria
name: Knaevelsrud, Christine
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cultural sensitivity
subject: Digital mental health
subject: Forced migration
subject: Mental illness
subject: Mobile health
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: According to the United Nations, an estimated 26.6 million people worldwide were refugees in 2021. Experiences before, during, and after flight increase psychological distress and contribute to a high prevalence of mental disorders. The resulting high need for mental health care is generally not reflected in the actual mental health care provision for refugees. A possible strategy to close this gap might be to offer smartphone-delivered mental health care. This systematic review summarizes the current state of research on smartphone-delivered interventions for refugees, answering the following research questions: (1) Which smartphone-delivered interventions are available for refugees? (2) What do we know about their clinical (efficacy) and (3) nonclinical outcomes (e.g., feasibility, appropriateness, acceptance, and barriers)? (4) What are their dropout rates and dropout reasons? (5) To what extent do smartphone-delivered interventions consider data security? Relevant databases were systematically searched for published studies, gray literature, and unpublished information. In total, 456 data points were screened. Twelve interventions were included (nine interventions from 11 peer-reviewed articles and three interventions without published study reports), comprising nine interventions for adult refugees and three for adolescent and young refugees. Study participants were mostly satisfied with the interventions, indicating adequate acceptability. Only one randomized controlled trial (RCT; from two RCTs and two pilot RCTs) found a significant reduction in the primary clinical outcome compared to the control group. Dropout rates ranged from 2.9 to 80%. In the discussion, the heterogeneous findings are integrated into the current state of literature.
Young Adults’ Understanding of Sexual Competence: A Qualitative Study with German University Students
Creators: name: Tomaszewska, Paulina
name: Schuster, Isabell
name: Krahe, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Sexual competence
subject: Young adults
subject: Germany
subject: Qualitative study
subject: Gender differences
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Introduction Handling sexual interactions in a competent manner is a key skill for young adults, which is linked to positive aspects of sexual and general well-being. Several research conceptualizations of sexual competence have been proposed in the literature, but little is known about how young adults define sexual competence and what consequences they consider low sexual competence may have. Methods In this qualitative study conducted in 2019, 571 university students (365 women, 206 men) from Germany with a mean age of 22.6 years provided open-ended answers to two questions: (Q1) What do you consider to be sexual competence? (Q2) What consequences can low sexual competence have? Combining thematic analysis and qualitative content analysis, responses were coded into 264 categories that were then condensed into 30 latent themes, with 14 themes referring to Q1 and 16 themes referring to Q2. All categories showed strong inter-coder agreement. Result Participants defined sexual competence in a multi-faceted way and in partial overlap with research definitions. Gender differences emerged in four themes (needs/desires, communication, skills/abilities, and setting boundaries/limits). Participants’ statements about the consequences of low sexual competence corresponded closely with their definitions of sexual competence. Gender differences emerged in five themes (risk of sexual victimization and sexual aggression, problems in sexual communication, problematic [sexual] risk behavior, negative influence on [sexual] satisfaction, and lack of skills). Conclusions and Policy Implications The implications of the findings for research conceptualizations of sexual competence, for designing interventions to promote sexual competence, and for policy measures designed to reduce sexual aggression are discussed.
New experimental melting properties as access for predicting amino-acid solubility
Creators: name: Held, Christoph
name: Chua, Yeong Zen
name: Do, Hoang Tam
name: Schick, Christoph
name: Zaitsau, Dzmitry
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 660

description: The properties of melting are required for the prediction of solubility of solid compounds. Unfortunately, direct determination of the enthalpy of fusion and melting temperature by using conventional DSC or adiabatic calorimetry is often not possible for biological compounds due to decomposition during the measurement. To overcome this, fast scanning calorimetry (FSC) with scanning rates up to 2 × 104 K s−1 was used in this work to measure the melting parameters for L-alanine and glycine. The enthalpy of fusion and melting temperature (extrapolated to zero heating rate) were ΔfusH = (22 ± 5) kJ mol−1 and Tfus = (608 ± 9) K for L-alanine, and ΔfusH = (21 ± 4) kJ mol−1 and Tfus = (569 ± 7) K for glycine. These melting properties were used in the modeling framework PC-SAFT to predict amino-acid solubility in water. The pure-component PC-SAFT parameters and one binary parameter were taken from literature, in which these parameters were fitted to solubility-independent thermodynamic properties such as osmotic coefficients or mixture densities. It was shown that this allowed accurately predicting amino-acid solubility in water over a broad temperature range. The combined methodology of PC-SAFT and FSC proposed in this work opens the door for predicting solubility of molecules that decompose before melting.
description: RSC Advances / Royal Society of Chemistry;
Predictive Validity of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) Born Very Preterm
Creators: name: Kuban, Karl K.
name: Kim, So Hyun
name: Joseph, Robert M.
name: O'Shea, Thomas M.
name: Chawarska, Katarzyna
name: Allred, Elizabeth N.
name: Leviton, Alan
name: Frazier, Jean A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To examine the predictive validity of the Modified Checklist for Autism in Toddlers (M-CHAT) administered at 24 months of age for autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosed at 10 years in a U.S. cohort of 827 Extremely Low Gestational Age Newborns (ELGAN) followed from birth.
Cusp singularities in f(R) gravity: pros and cons
Creators: name: Chen, Pisin
name: Yeom, Dong-han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate cusp singularities in f(R) gravity, especially for Starobinsky and Hu-Sawicki dark energy models. We illustrate that, by using double-null numerical simulations, a cusp singularity can be triggered by gravitational collapses. This singularity can be cured by adding a quadratic term, but this causes a Ricci scalar bump that can be observed by an observer outside the event horizon. Comparing with cosmological parameters, it seems that it would be difficult to see super-Planckian effects by astrophysical experiments. On the other hand, at once there exists a cusp singularity, it can be a mechanism to realize a horizon scale curvature singularity that can be interpreted by a firewall.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures
The lived experience of stress for parents in the context of COVID-19–related disruption
Creators: name: Painter, Felicity
name: Booth, Anna
name: Letcher, P
name: Olsson, CA
name: McIntosh, Jennifer
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology
classificationCode: 5201
subject: Applied and developmental psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Objective: This mixed methods study sought to explore the lived experience of stress for parents of young dependent children during COVID-19 lockdowns in Australia. Background: Public health restrictions implemented during the COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately burdened parents as they balanced novel and competing role demands. Despite growing research on impacts to parent mental health, much less is known about parenting at the experiential level during this period. Method: Data were derived from free-text survey responses collected during 2020 in an Australian population cohort study and analyzed in a mixed methods approach focusing on descriptive phenomenology. Twenty-eight parent accounts of either ‘extreme’ or ‘minimal’ stress experiences were subject to phenomenological analysis of the individual, interpersonal, and contextual factors associated with each stress category. Results: Three themes defined ‘extreme’ stress experiences: inadequacy of resources to cope, perceived lack of control, and compounding stressors. Two themes characterized ‘minimal’ stress experiences: feeling well resourced to cope and the absence of significant disruption to everyday life. Conclusion: Findings highlight three targets in particular: compounding stressors, family relationships, and gendered differences in parental stress. Implications: Intervention efforts should focus on better resourcing parents experiencing accumulating stressors through provision of individual and relational support and by addressing the higher burden experienced by mothers compared with fathers across pandemic related lockdowns.
Additional file 1 of Acceptability and feasibility of community-based provision of urine pregnancy tests to support linkages to reproductive health services in Western Kenya: a qualitative analysis
Creators: name: Kibel, Mia
name: Thorne, Julie
name: Kerich, Caroline
name: Naanyu, Violet
name: Yego, Faith
name: Christoffersen-Deb, Astrid
name: Bernard, Caitlin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Focus group discussion guides.
Identification of putative precursor genes for the biosynthesis of cannabinoid-like compound in Radula marginata
Creators: name: Hussain, Tajammul
name: Kayser, Oliver
name: Plunkett, Blue
name: Ejaz, Mahwish
name: Espley, Richard
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Radula marginata
subject: De novo transcriptomic assembly
subject: Biosynthetic metabolomics pathways
subject: Plant cannabinoids
subject: Radula, a prospective alternate to cannabinoids
subject: 660

description: The liverwort Radula marginata belongs to the bryophyte division of land plants and is a prospective alternate source of cannabinoid-like compounds. However, mechanistic insights into the molecular pathways directing the synthesis of these cannabinoid-like compounds have been hindered due to the lack of genetic information. This prompted us to deep sequencing, de novo assembly and annotation of R. marginata transcriptome, which resulted in the identification and validation of the genes for cannabinoid biosynthetic pathway. In total, we have identified 11,421 putative genes encoding 1554 enzymes from 145 biosynthetic pathways. Interestingly, we have identified all the upstream genes of the central precursor of cannabinoid biosynthesis, cannabigerolic acid (CBGA), including its two first intermediates, stilbene acid (SA) and geranyl diphosphate (GPP). Expression of all these genes was validated using quantitative real-time PCR. We have characterized the protein structure of stilbene synthase (STS), which was identified as a homologue of olivetolic acid in R. marginata. Moreover, the metabolomics approach enabled us to identify CBGA-analogous compounds using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) and gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Transcriptomic analysis revealed 1085 transcription factors (TF) from 39 families. Comparative analysis showed that six TF families have been uniquely predicted in R. marginata. In addition, the bioinformatics analysis predicted a large number of simple sequence repeats (SSRs) and non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). Our results collectively provide mechanistic insights into the putative precursor genes for the biosynthesis of cannabinoid-like compounds and a novel transcriptomic resource for Radula marginata. The large-scale transcriptomic resource generated in this study can further serve as the reference transcriptome to explore the Radulaceae family.
description: Frontiers in plant science;
Additional file 1 of Effect of baby food marketing exposure on infant and young child feeding regimes in Bangkok, Thailand
Creators: name: Cetthakrikul, Nisachol
name: Kelly, Matthew
name: Baker, Phillip
name: Banwell, Cathy
name: Smith, Julie
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Opinion of mothers on formula, by characteristics of mother and type of marketing experienced. Table S2. Feeding behaviours. Table S3. Mothers’ characteristics and giving formula.
Risk Factors and In-Hospital Outcomes following Tracheostomy in Infants
Creators: name: Clark, Reese H.
name: Smith, P. Brian
name: Lee, Jan Hau
name: Quek, M. Bin Huey
name: Hornik, Christoph P.
name: Laughon, Matthew M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To describe the epidemiology, risk factors, and in-hospital outcomes of tracheostomy in infants in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU).
Prudence in estimating coherence between planetary, solar and climate oscillations
Creators: name: Holm, Sverre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are claims that there is correlation between the speed of center of mass of the solar system and the global temperature anomaly. This is partly grounded in data analysis and partly in a priori expectations. The magnitude squared coherence function is the proper measure for testing such claims. It is not hard to produce high coherence estimates at periods around 15--22 and 50--60 years between these data sets. This is done in two independent ways, by wavelets and by a periodogram method. But does a coherence of high value mean that there is coherence of high significance? In order to investigate that, four different measures for significance are studied. Due to the periodic nature of the data, only Monte Carlo simulation based on a non-parametric random phase method is appropriate. None of the high values of coherence then turn out to be significant. Coupled with a lack of a physical mechanism that can connect these phenomena, the planetary hypothesis is therefore dismissed.
description: To appear in Astrophysics and Space Science
Mimosa rojasii Hassl., Repert. 2018, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Mimosa
Mimosa rojasii

description: Mimosa rojasii Hassl., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 9: 9. 1910.
Subshrub.
 Vouchers: Amambay: Bernardi 19098 (BM); Bernardi 19283 (K); Fernández Casas 6189 (MO); Hassler 9799, type (G, K, NY, P, W); Hassler 9799a, type (BM, G, GH, P, W); Hatschbach 47255 (K, MO); Mizoguchi 1193 (MO); Sano 154 (MO); Schinini & Dematteis 33449 (CTES, FCQ); Schinini & Dematteis 33645 (CTES, FCQ); Soria 1951 (MO); Vanni 1339 (G, MO); Zardini 46483 (AS, MO); Zardini 52479 (AS, MO); Zardini 56257 (MO).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
When ethnic minority students are judged as more suitable for the highest school track: a shifting standards experiment
Creators: name: Nishen, Anna K.
name: Corcoran, Katja
name: Holder, Katharina
name: Kessels, Ursula
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Shifting standards
subject: Stereotypes
subject: Ethnic bias
subject: Gender bias
subject: Tracking recommendations
subject: Teacher judgments
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: When students are grouped into school tracks, this has lasting consequences for their learning and later careers. In Germany to date, some groups of students (boys, ethnic minority students) are underrepresented in the highest track. Stereotypes about these groups exist that entail negative expectations about their suitability for the highest track. Based on the shifting standards model, the present research examines if and how stereotypes influence tracking recommendations. According to this theory, members of negatively stereotyped groups will be judged more leniently or more strictly depending on the framing of the judgment situation (by inducing minimum or confirmatory standards). N = 280 teacher students participated in a vignette study in which they had to choose the amount of positive evidence for suitability they wanted to see before deciding to recommend a fictitious student to the highest track. A 2 (judgment standard: minimum vs. confirmatory) × 2 (target student’s gender: male vs. female) × 2 (target student’s ethnicity: no migration background vs. Turkish migration background) between-subjects design was used. No effects of target gender occurred, but the expected interaction of target’s ethnicity and judgment standard emerged. In the minimum standard condition, less evidence was required for the ethnic minority student to be recommended for the highest track compared to the majority student. In the confirmatory standards condition, however, participants tended to require less evidence for the ethnic majority student. Our experiment underlines the importance of the framing of the recommendation situation, resulting in a more lenient or stricter assessment of negatively stereotyped groups.
How Many Small Cells Can Be Turned off via Vertical Offloading under a Separation Architecture?
Creators: name: Zhang, Shan
name: Gong, Jie
name: Zhou, Sheng
name: Niu, Zhisheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To further improve the energy efficiency of heterogeneous networks, a separation architecture called hyper-cellular network (HCN) has been proposed, which decouples the control signaling and data transmission functions. Specifically, the control coverage is guaranteed by macro base stations (MBSs), whereas small cells (SCs) are only utilized for data transmission. Under HCN, SCs can be dynamically turned off when traffic load decreases for energy saving. A fundamental problem then arises: how many SCs can be turned off as traffic varies? In this paper, we address this problem in a theoretical way, where two sleeping schemes (i.e., random and repulsive schemes) with vertical inter-layer offloading are considered. Analytical results indicate the following facts: (1) Under the random scheme where SCs are turned off with certain probability, the expected ratio of sleeping SCs is inversely proportional to the traffic load of SC-layer and decreases linearly with the traffic load of MBS-layer; (2) The repulsive scheme, which only turns off the SCs close to MBSs, is less sensitive to the traffic variations; (3) deploying denser MBSs enables turning off more SCs, which may help to improve network energy-efficiency. Numerical results show that about 50% SCs can be turned off on average under the predefined daily traffic profiles, and 10% more SCs can be further turned off with inter-layer channel borrowing.
description: To be published in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications
Pre-Service Science Teachers’ Scientific Reasoning Competencies: Analysing the Impact of Contributing Factors
Creators: name: Krell, Moritz
name: Khan, Samia
name: Vergara, Claudia
name: Cofré, Hernán
name: Mathesius, Sabrina
name: Krüger, Dirk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Pre-service science teachers
subject: Scientific reasoning competencies
subject: Contributing factors
subject: International cooperation
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::370 Bildung und Erziehung::370 Bildung und Erziehung

description: Scientific reasoning competencies (SRC) are one part of science teachers’ professional competencies. This study examines the contribution of three factors to the development of pre-service science teachers’ SRC: the amount of science education classes, the amount of science classes and the pre-service science teachers’ age. The factors amount of science education classes and amount of science classes have been operationalised in terms of ECTS credit points. N = 438 pre-service science teachers from six universities in Germany, Chile and Canada voluntarily and anonymously responded to an established multiple-choice instrument for assessing SRC, which has been developed by the authors and is available in German, Spanish and English. Multiple linear regression analyses show that the included factors explain a proportion of about 9% of the pre-service science teachers’ SRC. The factor amount of science classes is the only significant predictor and can be seen as an indicator of learning science content knowledge. These findings support the assumption of science content knowledge being a prerequisite for developing pre-service science teachers’ SRC.
Generation of quantum steering and interferometric power in the Dynamical Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Sabín, Carlos
name: Adesso, Gerardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse the role of the dynamical Casimir effect as a resource for quantum technologies, such as quantum cryptography and quantum metrology. In particular, we consider the generation of Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering and Gaussian interferometric power, two useful forms of asymmetric quantum correlations, in superconducting waveguides modulated by superconducting quantum interferometric devices. We show that, while a certain value of squeezing is required to overcome thermal noise and give rise to steering, any non-zero squeezing produces interferometric power which in fact increases with thermal noise.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. v2: minor changes, published version
Mimosa tenuipendula Burkart, Darwiniana
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Mimosa
Mimosa tenuipendula

description: Mimosa tenuipendula Burkart, Darwiniana 9: 389. 1951.
Shrub.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraguay: Pedersen 4154 (SI); Rojas 3047, type (G, K, M, SI, US).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Sex Differences in Cardiometabolic Risk Factors among Hispanic/Latino Youth
Creators: name: Isasi, Carmen R.
name: Perreira, Krista M.
name: Bangdiwala, Shrikant I.
name: Carnethon, Mercedes R.
name: Elder, John P.
name: Delamater, Alan M.
name: Parrinello, Christina M.
name: Daviglus, Martha L.
name: Marchante, Ashley N.
name: Van Horn, Linda
name: Ayala, Guadalupe X.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: To determine the prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic risk in US Hispanic/Latino youth and examine whether there are disparities by sex in cardiometabolic risk factors.
title: Compatibility between physical stimulus size and left-right responses
title: small is left and large is right
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Wühr, Peter
name: Seegelke, Christian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ATOM
subject: Compatibility
subject: Stimulus size
subject: Congruency
subject: Response position
subject: SNARC
subject: 150

description: According to a theory of magnitude (ATOM, Walsh, 2003, 2015), the cognitive representations of quantity, time, and space share a general magnitude code. Interestingly though, research has largely ignored the relationship between physical (stimulus) size and spatial (response) location. We conducted two experiments investigating compatibility effects between physical stimulus size and left-right responses. In both experiments, right-handed participants responded to a small or a large square stimulus by pressing a left or a right key. In Experiment 1, size was the relevant stimulus feature and we varied the S-R mapping within participants. Results revealed a strong compatibility effect: Performance was better with the compatible mapping (small-left and large-right) than with the incompatible mapping (large-left and small-right). In Experiment 2, participants responded to stimulus color, which varied independently of stimulus size, by pressing a left or right key. Results showed a congruency effect that mirrored the compatibility effect of Experiment 1. The results of our experiments suggest a strong relationship between the cognitive representation of physical (stimulus) size and response location in right-handers. The findings support the notion of a general magnitude code, as proposed in ATOM.
description: Journal of cognition;
Additional file 1 of Decreased renal perfusion during acute kidney injury in critical COVID-19 assessed by magnetic resonance imaging: a prospective case control study
Creators: name: Luther, Tomas
name: Eckerbom, Per
name: Cox, Eleanor
name: Lipcsey, Miklos
name: Bülow, Sara
name: Hultström, Michael
name: Torrente, Francisco Martinez
name: Weis, Jan
name: Palm, Fredrik
name: Francis, Susan
name: Frithiof, Robert
name: Liss, Per
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. 1. Description of MRI data acquisition and Analysis.2. Scatterplots with correlation-lines and 95% confidence intervals of predicted mean of selected parameters from Fig. 3.
Additional file 2 of National governance of de-implementation of low-value care: a qualitative study in Sweden
Creators: name: Augustsson, Hanna
name: Casales Morici, Belén
name: Hasson, Henna
name: von Thiele Schwarz, Ulrica
name: Schalling, Sara Korlén
name: Ingvarsson, Sara
name: Wijk, Hanna
name: Roczniewska, Marta
name: Nilsen, Per
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. Interview guide.
MPEC 2023-T172 : 2023 TV6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TV6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Upconverting Core-Shell Nanocrystals with High Quantum Yield under Low Irradiance: On the Role of Isotropic and Thick Shells
Creators: name: Fischer, Stefan
name: Johnson, Noah J. J.
name: Pichaandi, Jothirmayanantham
name: Goldschmidt, Jan Christoph
name: van Veggel, Frank C. J. M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Colloidal upconverter nanocrystals (UCNCs) that convert near-infrared photons to higher energies are promising for applications ranging from life sciences to solar energy harvesting. However, practical applications of UCNCs are hindered by their low upconversion quantum yield (UCQY) and the high irradiances necessary to produce relevant upconversion luminescence. Achieving high UCQY under practically relevant irradiance remains a major challenge. The UCQY is severely limited due to non-radiative surface quenching processes. We present a rate equation model for migration of the excitation energy to show that surface quenching does not only affect the lanthanide ions directly at the surface but also many other lanthanide ions quite far away from the surface. The average migration path length is in the order of several nanometers and depends on the doping as well as the irradiance of the excitation. Using Er3+-doped beta-NaYF4 UCNCs, we show that very isotropic and thick (~10 nm) beta-NaLuF4 inert shells dramatically reduce the surface-related quenching processes, resulting in much brighter upconversion luminescence at simultaneously considerably lower irradiances. For these UCNCs embedded in PMMA, we determined an internal UCQY of 2.0+-0.2 % using an irradiance of only 0.43+-0.03 W/cm2 at 1523 nm. Normalized to the irradiance, this UCQY is 120x higher than the highest values of comparable nanomaterials in the literature. Our findings demonstrate the important role of isotropic and thick shells in achieving high UCQY at low irradiances from UCNCs. Additionally, we measured the additional short-circuit current due to upconversion in silicon solar cell devices as a proof concept and to support our findings determined using optical measurements.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures; Supporting Information 13 pages, 8 figures
Circulating Inflammatory-Associated Proteins in the First Month of Life and Cognitive Impairment at Age 10 Years in Children Born Extremely Preterm
Creators: name: Rollins, Julie Vanier
name: Jara, Hernan
name: Frazier, Jean A.
name: Fichorova, Raina N.
name: O'Shea, Thomas M.
name: Paneth, Nigel
name: Joseph, Robert M.
name: Douglass, Laurie
name: Heeren, Timothy
name: Hirtz, Deborah
name: Kuban, Karl C.K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To evaluate whether in children born extremely preterm, indicators of sustained systemic inflammation in the first month of life are associated with cognitive impairment at school age.
Bandgap Engineering Silicon Nanopillars
Creators: name: Latawiec, Pawel Michal
Publisher: name: California Institute of Technology
Year: 2013
Subjects: Physics

description: Vertically oriented , bandgap engineered silicon nanopillars were fabricated and addressed. Devices were fabricated via a three dimensional etching process which created sub-5 nm constrictions in silicon radius upon oxidation. This effect was used to create a Coulomb blockade device. Devices were tested at room and liquid nitrogen temperatures. They showed a clear blockade effect distinctive of an asymmetric double tunnel junction at low temperatures which disappeared when tested at higher temperatures. Different device fabrication parameters were also tested to develop high-current devices, including chip anneal time. Furthermore, both device fabrication steps and current flow were modeled and simulated.
Mimosa troncosae Fortunato & Barneby, Mem.
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Mimosa
Mimosa troncosae

description: Mimosa troncosae Fortunato & Barneby, Mem. New York Bot. Gard. 65: 174. 1991.
Tree.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraguay: Billiet & Jadin 3299 (MO); Hahn 1548, type (BAB, MO, NY).
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
Neurocognitive Function in Children with Primary Hypertension
Creators: name: Samuels, Joshua
name: Hooper, Stephen R.
name: Batisky, Donald L.
name: Waldstein, Shari R.
name: Lande, Marc B.
name: Falkner, Bonita
name: Staskiewicz, Jennifer
name: Adams, Heather R.
name: Szilagyi, Peter G.
name: Kupferman, Juan C.
name: Wang, Hongyue
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: To compare neurocognitive test performance of children with primary hypertension to that of normotensive controls.
Additional file 1 of Periapical and endodontic status among 65-year-old Oslo-citizens
Creators: name: Diep, My Tien
name: Hove, Lene Hystad
name: Ørstavik, Dag
name: Skudutyte-Rysstad, Rasa
name: Sødal, Anne Thea Tveit
name: Sunde, Pia Titterud
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1: Distribution of individuals (N = 450) by frequency of AP, untreated AP, RF teeth and RF teeth with AP. Supplementary Table 2: Associations of untreated AP, root-filled teeth and root-filled teeth with AP with number of remaining teeth (n). Supplementary Table 3: The association between apical periodontitis and quality of root filling.
Piptadeniopsis lomentifera Burkart, Darwiniana
Creators: name: Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña
name: Egea, Juana De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Fabales
Fabaceae
Piptadeniopsis
Piptadeniopsis lomentifera

description: Piptadeniopsis lomentifera Burkart, Darwiniana 6: 478. 1944.
Tree.
 Vouchers: Alto Paraguay: Hahn 1619 (G, K, MO, PY); Ramella 2936 (G). Boquerón: Charpin 21494 (G); Degen & Mereles 2766 (FCQ); Mereles & Degen 4795 (FCQ); Mereles & Degen 4902 (FCQ); Mereles & Degen 5060 (FCQ); Mereles & Degen 5483 (FCQ); Pedersen 4159 (G, K); Rojas 2133 (K, SI); Spichiger et al. 2273 (FCQ, G). Presidente Hayes: Arenas 1514 (SI); Fortunato et al. 8795 (FCQ); Mereles & Degen 5436 (FCQ); Mereles 4795 (FCQ); Vanni 2025 (G); Vanni 2279 (G); Vogt & Dujak 915 (FCQ); Zardini 40422 (AS, MO); Zardini 46115 (AS, MO); Zardini 47059 (AS, MO); Zardini 47117 (AS, MO). Unknown: Rojas 8457 (K).
 Note: listed in Jørgensen et al. 2014, following Serrano & Terán (1998), but there is no herbarium vouchers to confirm the presence of this species in Bolivia.
description: Published as part of Chocarro, María Del Carmen Peña & Egea, Juana De, 2018, Checklist of the endemic vascular plants of Paraguay, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 384 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.384.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13725946
MPEC 2023-T173 : 2023 TW6
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 TW6

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Platforms and Knowledge Production in the Age of A.I.
Creators: name: Chan, Leslie
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open Scholarship, inclusive infrastructure, Indigenous Principles of Data Governance, extractive research, degrowth, relationality

description: Large-scale digital platforms designed by corporate publishers are increasingly shaping and reconfiguring all aspects of knowledge production and circulation. In the process, these platforms are reshaping the governance of academic labour in powerful but invisible ways. While designed to capitalize on the extraction, collection, and analysis of big data and their traces generated by researchers and their institutions, these platforms seek to create new markets and fashion new "values" in the forms of analytics that researchers seek. The AI in the title of this talk does not refer to Artificial Intelligence, although this is highly implicated in platform design and its logic. AI in this context refers to Automating Inequality, a term borrowed from Virginia Eubanks’ book Automating Inequality: How High-Tech Tools Profile, Police, and Punish the Poor. Analogous to Eubanks’ study, I argue that the predominant knowledge platform design favours the already "rich" in scholarly capital and institutional advantages and punishes the scholarly poor and those on the epistemic margins. Far from a democratizing force, open science has become a practice of complying with standards and funders’ policies and mandates, further exacerbating deep-seated structural inequalities in knowledge production. Reflecting on our many failed attempts at reclaiming the knowledge commons and co-creating open infrastructure, I call for new imaginaries and narratives of what open scholarship may look like or aspire to be. As infrastructure are fundamentally relational, we need to ask what kind of relationships we want to nourish.