cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Port management and operational features of Zea Marina and the Covid-19 impact on the global industry
Creators: name: Μεγαγιάννη, Γεωργία
name: Megagianni, Georgia
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Πειραιώς
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Marinas
subject: Zea Marina
subject: General Port Regulations
subject: COVID-19
subject: General administration
subject: General Administration
subject: Occupancy statistics

description: Όλες οι μαρίνες παγκοσμίως, και ιδιαίτερα οι ελληνικές λόγω των γεωγραφικών τους προδιαγραφών, γίνονται όλο και περισσότερο πόλος έλξης για διάφορους επενδυτές. Το ανταγωνιστικό τους πλεονέκτημα είναι ότι παρέχουν άμεση ταμειακή ροή κι αυτό ωφελεί τόσο την επανεπένδυση σε άλλα επενδυτικά project ή την ανακαίνιση και τον εκσυγχρονισμό των υπαρχουσών μαρίνων. Επιπλέον, συμβάλλουν καθοριστικά στην κοινωνική, οικονομική και τουριστική ανάπτυξη της χώρας. Η Μαρίνα Ζέας είναι μία από αυτές τις μαρίνες, η οποία μισθώνεται και εκμεταλλεύεται μέσω δημοπρασιών με μακροχρόνια συμβόλαια. H τοποθεσία της είναι στον Πειραιά στην Αθήνα με μεγάλη αρχαία ιστορία και μπορεί να φιλοξενήσει από 3 έως 150 μέτρα σκάφη. Ένα φυσικό λιμάνι, ιδιαίτερα προτιμώμενο και βραβευμένο από καπετάνιους και πληρώματα τόσο για τη μορφολογία του όσο και για το γεγονός ότι βρίσκεται στην καρδιά του κέντρου κάνοντάς την μια από τις πιο ελκυστικές μαρίνες της Μεσογείου. Ωστόσο, πόσο εύκολο είναι είτε να προχωρήσει μια μίσθωση και εκμετάλλευση για μια μαρίνα είτε να λειτουργούν ορθά σε καθημερινή βάση όλα τα άμεσα σχετιζόμενα λειτουργικά χαρακτηριστικά αυτής. Εκτός από τους Γενικούς Κανονισμούς Λιμένος που ισχύουν για όλα τα τουριστικά λιμάνια, κάθε μαρίνα θα πρέπει να λειτουργεί βάσει εσωτερικού κανονισμού λειτουργίας που να παρουσιάζει όλες τις απαιτήσεις που ζητούνται από όλα τα σκάφη που φιλοξενούνται. Η τελική υπηρεσία που παρέχεται στον πελάτη (πλοιοκτήτη) και η ποιότητά της είναι ένας συνδυασμός διαφόρων λειτουργικών ή μη δραστηριοτήτων της μαρίνας και της επιτυχούς και έγκαιρης εκτέλεσής τους. Παρά το γεγονός ότι αντιμετωπίζουμε ένα πρωτοφανές γεγονός όπως ο Covid-19, θα πρέπει να αναγνωρίσουμε πώς αυτό έχει επηρεάσει τη σωστή λειτουργία και τις τυπικές διαδικασίες που ακολουθούνται είτε από το πλοίο είτε από τη Γενική Διοίκηση της μαρίνας. Είναι ζωτικής σημασίας να παρουσιαστεί η επίδραση αυτής της κατάστασης με βάση ιστορικά στατιστικά στοιχεία πληρότητας ορισμένων ελληνικών μαρίνων σε σύγκριση με στατιστικά στοιχεία χωρών που σχετίζονται άμεσα με τις αφίξεις των τουριστών μας.
SO(4) multicriticality of two-dimensional Dirac fermions
Creators: name: Herbut, Igor F.
name: Scherer, Michael M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study quantum multicritical behavior in a (2+1)-dimensional Gross-Neveu-Yukawa field theory with eight-component Dirac fermions coupled to two triplets of order parameters that act as Dirac masses, and transform as $(1,0) + (0,1)$ representation under the SO(4)$\simeq$SO(3)$\times$SO(3) symmetry group. This field theory is relevant to spin-1/2 fermions on honeycomb or $π$-flux lattices, for example, near the transition points between an $s$-wave superconductor and a charge-density wave, on one side, and Néel order, on the other. Two triplets of such order parameters always allow for a common pair of two other order parameters that would complete them to the maximal set of compatible (anticommuting) orders of five. We first derive a unitary transformation in the Nambu (particle-hole) space which maps any two such triplets, possibly containing some superconducting orders, onto purely insulating order parameters. This allows one to consider a universal SO(4) Gross-Neveu-Yukawa description of the multicriticality without any Nambu doubling. We then proceed to derive the renormalization-group flow of the coupling constants at one-loop order in $4-ε$ space-time dimensions, allowing also a more general set of order parameters transforming under SO($n_a$)$\times$SO($n_b$). While for $n_a=n_b > 2 $ in the bosonic sector and with fermions decoupled there is a stable fixed point of the flow, the Yukawa coupling to fermions quickly leads to its elimination by a generic fixed-point collision in the relevant range of fermion flavor numbers $N_f$. This suggests the replacement of the critical behavior by a runaway flow in the physical case $n_a=n_b=3$. The structure of the RG flow at $n_a\neq n_b$ is also discussed, and some non-perturbative arguments in favor of the stability of the decoupled critical point when $n_a=3$ and $n_b=1$ in $D=2+1$ are provided.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
Lagrangian analysis of `trivial' symmetries in models of gravity
Creators: name: Roy, Debraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the differences between Poincare and canonical hamiltonian symmetries in models of gravity through the corresponding Noether identities and show that they are equivalent modulo trivial gauge symmetries.
description: 4 pages, LaTeX; Based on presentation at the conference "Relativity and Gravitation: 100 Years after Einstein in Prague," held in Prague, June 2012
title: Δημιουργία ευρετηρίου για μεταπολεμικά ελαιουργεία της Κρήτης
title: Creation of an index for post-war oil mills of Crete
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Πράσσου, Αργυρώ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ευρετήριο
Ελαιουργεία
Ελαιουργία

description: Η μεταπολεμική οικονομική ιστορία της Ελλάδος είναι αξιοσημείωτη. Αυτή την περίοδο παρακολουθούμε την ανάπτυξη της εγχώριας οικονομίας. Το μεταπολεμικό κράτος ενίσχυε μάλιστα τις βιομηχανικές επιχειρήσεις. Με αυτή την πτυχιακή αυτή εργασία θα προσπαθήσω να δημιουργήσω ένα θεματικό ευρετήριο το οποίο θα αφορά τις μεταπολεμικές ελαιουργείες της Κρήτης. Το ευρετήριο θα περιγράφει αρχειακά τεκμήρια, με τη χρήση του Διεθνούς Προτύπου Αρχειακής Περιγραφής ISAD (G). Τα αρχειακά σύνολα παρήχθησαν από αυτές τις επιχειρήσεις μετά τη λήξη του Β’ Παγκοσμίου Πολέμου, από το 1960 έως τη δεκαετία του 1990. Θα καλύπτει την αρχή της γεωργίας και την ανάπτυξη αυτής και του αγροτικού τομέα στην Ελλάδα, παράλληλα με την ίδρυση και την δραστηριότητα της Αγροτικής Τράπεζας της Ελλάδος.
title: Zur Erinnerung an die selig verstorbene Frau a. Oberrichter L. Ulrich geb. Meyer von Zürich
title: geboren den 14. Juni 1816, gestorben den 18. Juni 1894
titleType: Subtitle
title: beerdigt den 20. Juni 1894 auf dem Privatfriedhof der hohen Promenade in Zürich
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Goldschmid, Theodor
name: Finsler, Rudolf
Publisher: name: Druck von Ulrich & Co. im Berichthaus
Year: 1894
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Ulrich-Meyer, Barbara
subject: Zürich
subject: Friedhof Hohe Promenade (Zürich)

description: Inhalt: Ansprache, gehalten in der Friedhof-Kapelle von dem Enkel Theodor Goldschmid, Pfarrer in Dättlikon ; Gebet, gesprochen am Grabe auf dem Privatfriedhof von dem Enkel Rudolf Finsler, Pfarrer in Hausen a. A.
Uniform inference in linear error-in-variables models: Divide-and-conquer
Creators: name: Boot, Tom
name: Juodis, Artūras
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: It is customary to estimate error-in-variables models using higher-order moments of observables. This moments-based estimator is consistent only when the coefficient of the latent regressor is assumed to be nonzero. We develop a new estimator based on the divide-and-conquer principle that is consistent for any value of the coefficient of the latent regressor. In an application on the relation between investment, (mismeasured) Tobin’s q and cash flow, we find time periods in which the effect of Tobin’s q is not statistically different from zero. The implausibly large higher-order moment estimates in these periods disappear when using the proposed estimator.
From orthogonal link to phase vortex in generalized dynamical Hopf insulators
Creators: name: Ma, Yuxuan
name: Li, Xin
name: Wang, Yu
name: Zhao, Shuncai
name: Xiong, Guangqin
name: Sun, Tongxin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the creation of Hopf topological matters, the old paradigm is to conceive the Hopf invariant first, and then display its intuitive topology through links. Here we brush aside this effort and put forward a new recipe for unraveling the quenched two-dimensional (2D) two-band Chern insulators under a parallel quench protocol, which implies that the quench quantities with different momentum k are parallel or antiparallel to each other. We find that whether the dynamical Hopf invariant exists or not, the links in (2+1)D space always keep their standard shape even for topological initial states, and trace out the trajectories of phase vortices. The linking number is exactly equal to the difference between pre- and post-quench Chern numbers regardless of the construction of homotopy groups. We employ two concrete examples to illustrate these results, highlighting the polarity reversal at fixed points.
Vivere l'autismo, vivere con l'autismo per una ricerca silenziosa, vigile e costante nel labirinto intricato di sentimenti, di idee, di emozioni, di esperienze per una crescita educativa completa
Creators: name: Bilotta, Elisabetta
Publisher: name: Universita degli studi di Salerno
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: PED
subject: Autismo

description: 2011 - 2012
description: Il mio lavoro di tesi di dottorato di ricerca, dal titolo “Vivere l'autismo, vivere con l'autismo per una ricerca silenziosa, vigile e costante nel labirinto intricato di sentimenti, di idee, di emozioni, di esperienze per una crescita educativa completa" è concentrato sul misterioso ed affascinante mondo dell’autismo che da sempre ha attirato l’attenzione di studiosi e scienziati di svariati settori: psicologi, pedagogisti, biologi, medici e non in ultima istanza anche docenti, soprattutto quelli specializzati nel sostegno, impegnati in prima persona ad affrontare e gestire didatticamente gli alunni diversamente abili affetti da tale patologia. La scelta della tematica riguardante l’autismo è stata mirata poiché la dottoressa Bilotta, già docente di sostegno presso le scuole secondarie di primo grado, ha avuto modo di fare, nel corso della propria carriera professionale, approfondite esperienze con soggetti autistici, sperimentando, a seconda dei casi patologici presenti, metodologie didattiche adatte a tale delicata problematica. Lo spettro dell’autismo, le cui cause scatenanti ancora oggi risultano inspiegabili ed incerte, è una patologia di carattere psico-sociale che emerge nell’individuo nei primi anni dell’infanzia quando il bambino, anziché manifestare apertura al mondo, desiderio di conoscerlo ed esplorarlo, palesa una totale chiusura e tendenza all’isolamento con rifiuto di ogni tipo di contatto con la realtà esterna. Tali comportamenti atipici sono spesso accompagnati da assenza di linguaggio, da espressioni linguistiche imperfette o addirittura da pensieri illogici rispondenti a fantasie del bambino malato. La costruzione di un mondo immaginario e il distacco da quello quotidiano costituiscono un grave rischio per il soggetto stesso il quale non avverte alcun tipo di pericolo proveniente dall’esterno. Perciò tali individui disabili necessitano di costante assistenza per l’imprevedibilità e la casualità delle loro azioni incontrollate. Gli oggetti di interesse degli alunni affetti da autismo sono molto limitati, particolari, differenti rispetto a quelli dei loro coetanei e spesso diventano addirittura motivo di morbosità ed eccessiva attrazione, tanto che risulta difficile da parte di un altro soggetto distoglierne l’assidua attenzione. Compito fondamentale del docente, in particolare quello di sostegno, è di far convogliare nella stessa direzione dell’interesse principale dell’allievo autistico anche altre forme e proposte nuove di conoscenza in modo da arricchire ed affinare la sua capacità di discernere le informazioni, organizzarle e gestirle autonomamente. [a cura dell'Autore]
The Collective Burst Mechanism of Angular Jumps in Liquid Water
Creators: name: Offei-Danso, Adu
name: Morzan, Uriel N.
name: Rodriguez, Alex
name: Hassanali, Ali
name: Jelic, Asja
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the microscopic origins of collective reorientational motions in aqueous systems requires techniques that allow us to reach beyond our chemical imagination. Herein, we elucidate a mechanism using unsupervised learning, showing that large angular jumps in liquid water involve highly cooperative orchestrated motions. Our automatized detection of angular fluctuations, unravels a heterogeneity in the type of angular jumps occurring concertedly in the system. We show that large orientational motions require a highly collective dynamic process involving correlated motion of up to 10% of water molecules in the hydrogen-bond network that form spatially connected clusters. This phenomenon is rooted in the collective fluctuations of the network topology which results in the creation of defects in waves on the ThZ timescale. The mechanism we propose involves a cascade of hydrogen-bond fluctuations underlying angular jumps and provides new insights into the current localized picture of angular jumps, and in its wide use in the interpretations of numerous spectroscopies as well in reorientational dynamics of water near biological and inorganic systems.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures, Supplementary Information as ancillary file
Dynamics and quantum entanglement of two-level atoms in de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Tian, Zehua
name: Jing, Jiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the framework of open quantum systems, we study the internal dynamics of both freely falling and static two-level atoms interacting with quantized conformally coupled massless scalar field in de Sitter spacetime. We find that the atomic transition rates depend on both the nature of de Sitter spacetime and the motion of atoms, interestingly the steady states for both cases are always driven to being purely thermal, regardless of the atomic initial states. This thermalization phenomenon is structurally similar to what happens to an elementary quantum system immersed in a thermal field, and thus reveals the thermal nature of de Sitter spacetime. Besides, we find that the thermal baths will drive the entanglement shared by the freely falling atom (the static atom) and its auxiliary partner, a same two-level atom which is isolated from external fields, to being sudden death, and the proper time for the entanglement to be extinguished is computed. We also analyze that such thermalization and disentanglement phenomena, in principle, could be understood from the perspective of table-top simulation experiment.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, Accepted for publication in Ann. Phys
title: Brief von Josef Steindl an Jerzy Osiatyński
Creators: name: Steindl, Josef
Year: 2017

description: Kopie mit handschriftlichen Anmerkungen in Zusammenhang mit der Edition von "Collected Works of Michal Kalecki".
description: Typoskript mit Unterschrift, 2 Blätter, 2 Seiten
The use of Computer modelling & simulation in the regulatory process of medical devices
Creators: name: Viceconti, Marco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: In Silico Trials
Orthopaedics
Medical Devices

description: the annual congress of the French Society of Orthopedic and Traumatological Surgery (SOFTCOT) includes every year one special session organized by the European Federation of Orthopaedic Societies (EFORT). This year it was entitled: "EFORT ROUND TABLE: MODALITIES OF SURGICAL INNOVATION / MEDICAL & SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH REQUIREMENTS FOR THE CLINICAL INTRODUCTION OF ORTHOPEDIC JOINT REPLACEMENT DEVICES". In a short presentations I informed the clinical audience of the role that modelling and simulations, and in particular clinical digital twins, will play in the regulatory approval of new orthopedic medical devices.
Accretion-ejection connection in the young brown dwarf candidate ISO-Cha1 217
Creators: name: Whelan, E. T.
name: Alcala, J. M.
name: Bacciotti, F.
name: Nisini, B.
name: Bonito, R.
name: Antoniucci, S.
name: Stelzer, B.
name: Biazzo, K.
name: D'Elia, V.
name: Ray, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the number of observed brown dwarf outflows is growing it is important to investigate how these outflows compare to the well studied jets from young stellar objects. A key point of comparison is the relationship between outflow and accretion activity and in particular the ratio between the mass outflow and accretion rates ($\dot{M}_{out}$/$\dot{M}_{acc}$). The brown dwarf candidate ISO-ChaI 217 was discovered by our group, as part of a spectro-astrometric study of brown dwarfs, to be driving an asymmetric outflow with the blue-shifted lobe having a position angle of $\sim$ 20$^{\circ}$. The aim here is to further investigate the properties of ISO-ChaI 217, the morphology and kinematics of its outflow, and to better constrain ($\dot{M}_{out}$/$\dot{M}_{acc}$). The outflow is spatially resolved in the $[SII]λλ6716,6731$ lines and is detected out to $\sim$ 1\farcs6 in the blue-shifted lobe and ~ 1" in the red-shifted lobe. The asymmetry between the two lobes is confirmed although the velocity asymmetry is less pronounced with respect to our previous study. Using thirteen different accretion tracers we measure log($\dot{M}_{acc}$) [M$_{sun}$/yr]= -10.6 $\pm$ 0.4. As it was not possible to measure the effect of extinction on the ISO-ChaI 217 outflow $\dot{M}_{out}$ was derived for a range of values of A$_{v}$, up to a value of A$_{v}$ = 2.5 mag estimated for the source extinction. The logarithm of the mass outflow ($\dot{M}_{out}$) was estimated in the range -11.7 to -11.1 for both jets combined. Thus $\dot{M}_{out}$/$\dot{M}_{acc}$ [\Msun/yr] lies below the maximum value predicted by magneto-centrifugal jet launching models. Finally, both model fitting of the Balmer decrements and spectro-astrometric analysis of the H$α$ line show that the bulk of the H I emission comes from the accretion flow.
description: accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics
Discovery of Two Polars from a Crossmatch of ZTF and the SRG/eFEDS X-ray Catalog
Creators: name: Rodriguez, Antonio C.
name: Kulkarni, Shrinivas R.
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Szkody, Paula
name: Burdge, Kevin B.
name: Caiazzo, Ilaria
name: van Roestel, Jan
name: Vanderbosch, Zachary P.
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Gänsicke, Boris T.
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Masci, Frank J.
name: Mróz, Przemek
name: Riddle, Reed
name: Rusholme, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic CVs are luminous Galactic X-ray sources but have been difficult to find in purely optical surveys due to their lack of outburst behavior. The eROSITA telescope aboard the Spektr-RG (SRG) mission is conducting an all-sky X-ray survey and recently released the public eROSITA Final Equatorial Depth Survey (eFEDS) catalog. We crossmatched the eFEDS catalog with photometry from the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) and discovered two new magnetic cataclysmic variables (CVs). We obtained high-cadence optical photometry and phase-resolved spectroscopy for each magnetic CV candidate and found them both to be polars. Among the newly discovered magnetic CVs is ZTFJ0850+0443, an eclipsing polar with orbital period $P_\textrm{orb} = 1.72$ hr, white dwarf mass $M_\textrm{WD} = 0.81 \pm 0.08 M_\odot$ and accretion rate $\dot{M} \sim 10^{-11} M_\odot$/yr. We suggest that ZTFJ0850+0443 is a low magnetic field strength polar, with $B_\textrm{WD} \lesssim 10$ MG. We also discovered a non-eclipsing polar, ZTFJ0926+0105, with orbital period $P_\textrm{orb} = 1.48$ hr, magnetic field strength $B_\textrm{WD} \gtrsim 26$ MG, and accretion rate $\dot{M} \sim 10^{-12} M_\odot$/yr.
description: Submitted to ApJ
Semiclassical analysis of Bose-Hubbard dynamics
Creators: name: Veksler, Hagar
name: Fishman, Shmuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the two site Bose-Hubbard model is studied analytically in the limit of weak coupling u and large number of particles N . The semiclassical approximation where \frac{1}{N} plays the role of Planck's constant was used and perturbation theory to order u^{2} was applied. In particular, the difference in the occupation between the two sites, where initially all particles are at one site was calculated analytically. Excellent agreement with the exact numerical solution was found. This quantity exhibits collapses and revivals that superimpose rapid oscillations. The occupation difference was calculated also for the case where initially both sites are occupied provided that the difference in occupation is sufficiently large. It provides an analytical description of results that were so far found only numerically. Similar behavior and analysis are expected for a large variety of physical situations in optics, atom optics and quantum dynamics of electrons in Rydberg atoms.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Ora Houston Interview
Creators: name: Institute For Diversity & Civic Life
name: Department Of Religious Studies
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Religions Texas
Abuse survivors
TX - Austin
Black Americans
Christianity
Christians
Domestic violence
Episcopal Church
Episcopalians
Family dynamics
Family Eldercare
Hymns
Integral Care
Jim Crow
LC Anderson High School
Marriage
Prayer
Prejudice
Public servants
Race
Racism
Religious leadership
Representation
SAFE Alliance
Segregation
Silent Generation
Texas
Texas politics
Women's leadership

description: This interview is with Ora Houston, a long-time civil servant and former city council member in Austin, TX. Ora describes the influences of her early life, like her mother’s social work, her education, experiencing Jim Crow segregation, and her exposure to and choice of religion. She talks about her involvement in the Episcopal church as a lay leader and how her religious convictions influence her work to uplift the voices of underrepresented people. She discusses her years of civil service and her four-year term in the Austin city council representing District One.
Binarity and beyond in A stars I. Survey description and first results of VLTI/GRAVITY observations of VAST targets with high Gaia-Hipparcos accelerations
Creators: name: Waisberg, Idel
name: Klein, Ygal
name: Katz, Boaz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A-stars are the progenitors of about half of the white dwarfs (WDs) that currently exist. The connection between the multiplicity of A-stars and that of WDs is not known and the observational mapping of both multiplicities are far from complete. Possible companions at separations of tens of AU are particularly poorly explored. We are conducting a near-infrared interferometric survey with VLTI/GRAVITY of twenty out of 108 southern A stars within the VAST sample which show large Gaia-Hipparcos proper motion changes suggestive of a $M \sim 1 M_{\odot}$ companion at separations of $1-20$ AU. In this paper, we detail our sample selection and report on the interferometric detection of $8_{-0}^{+2}$ new stars (including four high multiplicity (3+) systems) in a partial sample of 13 targets. Moreover, we also conduct a common proper motion search for the 108 A stars using Gaia eDR3 and which resulted in 10 new detections and confirmation of several previous Adaptive Optics companions as physical. We discuss our preliminary results in the context of the separation distribution of A stars and implications for the multiplicity of WDs. In particular, we find that (i) the apparent suppression of companions to A stars below about 30-50 AU is very likely due to an observational bias, (ii) the fact that 4 of the 6 closest WDs have a companion within a few tens of AU is a statistical fluke but 10-20 such binaries are likely still missing within 20 pc, (iii) a large fraction of such systems likely had high multiplicity (3+) progenitors with very close ($< 1$ AU) companions to the primary A star, and must therefore have undergone non-trivial evolution.
description: To be submitted to MNRAS; comments welcome
Learning Imbalanced Datasets with Maximum Margin Loss
Creators: name: Kang, Haeyong
name: Vu, Thang
name: Yoo, Chang D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A learning algorithm referred to as Maximum Margin (MM) is proposed for considering the class-imbalance data learning issue: the trained model tends to predict the majority of classes rather than the minority ones. That is, underfitting for minority classes seems to be one of the challenges of generalization. For a good generalization of the minority classes, we design a new Maximum Margin (MM) loss function, motivated by minimizing a margin-based generalization bound through the shifting decision bound. The theoretically-principled label-distribution-aware margin (LDAM) loss was successfully applied with prior strategies such as re-weighting or re-sampling along with the effective training schedule. However, they did not investigate the maximum margin loss function yet. In this study, we investigate the performances of two types of hard maximum margin-based decision boundary shift with LDAM's training schedule on artificially imbalanced CIFAR-10/100 for fair comparisons and effectiveness.
Spatio-temporal cluster analysis and transmission drivers for Peste des Petits Ruminants in Uganda
Creators: name: Nkamwesiga, Joseph
name: Korennoy, Fedor
name: Lumu, Paul
name: Nsamba, Peninah
name: Mwiine, Frank Nobert
name: Roesel, Kristina
name: Wieland, Barbara
name: Perez, Andres
name: Kiara, Henry
name: Muhanguzi, Dennis
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: GIS
subject: hotspots
subject: Peste des Petits Ruminants
subject: regression models
subject: transmission drivers
subject: Uganda
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Peste des Petits Ruminants (PPR) is a transboundary, highly contagious, and fatal disease of small ruminants. PPR causes global annual economic losses of between USD 1.5 and 2.0 billion across more than 70 affected countries. Despite the commercial availability of effective PPR vaccines, lack of financial and technical commitment to PPR control coupled with a dearth of refined PPR risk profiling data in different endemic countries has perpetuated PPR virus transmission. In Uganda, over the past 5 years, PPR has extended from northeastern Uganda (Karamoja) with sporadic incursions in other districts /regions. To identify disease cluster hotspot trends that would facilitate the design and implementation of PPR risk-based control methods (including vaccination), we employed the space–time cube approach to identify trends in the clustering of outbreaks in neighbouring space–time cells using confirmed PPR outbreak report data (2007–2020). We also used negative binomial and logistic regression models and identified high small ruminant density, extended road length, low annual precipitation and high soil water index as the most important drivers of PPR in Uganda. The study identified (with 90–99% confidence) five PPR disease hotspot trend categories across subregions of Uganda. Diminishing hotspots were identified in the Karamoja region whereas consecutive, sporadic, new and emerging hotspots were identified in central and southwestern districts of Uganda. Inter-district and cross-border small ruminant movement facilitated by longer road stretches and animal comingling precipitate PPR outbreaks as well as PPR virus spread from its initial Karamoja focus to the central and southwestern Uganda. There is therefore urgent need to prioritize considerable vaccination coverage to obtain the required herd immunity among small ruminants in the new hotspot areas to block transmission to further emerging hotspots. Findings of this study provide a basis for more robust timing and prioritization of control measures including vaccination.
Two- and three-loop QCD corrections to the width difference in the $B_s - \bar{B}_s$ system
Creators: name: Shtabovenko, V.
Publisher: name: Scuola Internazionale Superiore di Studi Avanzati (SISSA)
Year: 2022

description: We report on a series of two- and three-loop calculations that were necessary to improve the theory prediction for the width difference $\Delta\Gamma_𝑠$ in the $B_s - \bar{B}_s$ mixing. For the first time we are able to predict this important flavor observable at NNLO accuracy, which is necessary to approach the current experimental precision. Our new Standard-Model prediction obtained from the average of calculations done in the $\bar{MS}$ and potential subtracted (PS) schemes reads $\Delta\Gamma_𝑠$ = (0.076 ± 0.017) ps$^{−1}$.
Superconductivity in FeTe{1-x}S_x induced by electrochemical reaction using ionic liquid solution
Creators: name: Yamashita, Aichi
name: Demura, Satoshi
name: Tanaka, Masashi
name: Deguchi, Keita
name: Yamaki, Takuma
name: Hara, Hiroshi
name: Suzuki, Kouji
name: Zhang, Yunchao
name: Denholme, Saleem J.
name: Okazaki, Hiroyuki
name: Fujioka, Masaya
name: Yamaguchi, Takahide
name: Takeya, Hiroyuki
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconductivity in FeTe0.8S0.2 is successfully induced by an electrochemical reaction using an ionic liquid solution. A clear correlation between the Fe concentration in the solution and the manifestation of superconductivity was confirmed, suggesting that superconductivity was induced by the deintercalation of excess iron.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Crowd Localization from Gaussian Mixture Scoped Knowledge and Scoped Teacher
Creators: name: Wang, Juncheng
name: Gao, Junyu
name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Wang, Qi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Crowd localization is to predict each instance head position in crowd scenarios. Since the distance of instances being to the camera are variant, there exists tremendous gaps among scales of instances within an image, which is called the intrinsic scale shift. The core reason of intrinsic scale shift being one of the most essential issues in crowd localization is that it is ubiquitous in crowd scenes and makes scale distribution chaotic. To this end, the paper concentrates on access to tackle the chaos of the scale distribution incurred by intrinsic scale shift. We propose Gaussian Mixture Scope (GMS) to regularize the chaotic scale distribution. Concretely, the GMS utilizes a Gaussian mixture distribution to adapt to scale distribution and decouples the mixture model into sub-normal distributions to regularize the chaos within the sub-distributions. Then, an alignment is introduced to regularize the chaos among sub-distributions. However, despite that GMS is effective in regularizing the data distribution, it amounts to dislodging the hard samples in training set, which incurs overfitting. We assert that it is blamed on the block of transferring the latent knowledge exploited by GMS from data to model. Therefore, a Scoped Teacher playing a role of bridge in knowledge transform is proposed. What' s more, the consistency regularization is also introduced to implement knowledge transform. To that effect, the further constraints are deployed on Scoped Teacher to derive feature consistence between teacher and student end. With proposed GMS and Scoped Teacher implemented on five mainstream datasets of crowd localization, the extensive experiments demonstrate the superiority of our work. Moreover, comparing with existing crowd locators, our work achieves state-of-the-art via F1-meansure comprehensively on five datasets.
description: Accepted by IEEE TIP
First principles study of a sodium borosilicate glass-former II: The glass state
Creators: name: Pedesseau, Laurent
name: Ispas, Simona
name: Kob, Walter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use ab initio simulations to investigate the properties of a sodium borosilicate glass of composition 3Na_2O-B_2O_3-6SiO_2. We find that the broadening of the first peak in the radial distribution functions g_BO(r) and g_BNa(r) is due to the presence of trigonal and tetrahedral boron units as well as to non-bridging oxygen atoms connected to BO_3 units. In agreement with experimental results we find that the [3]B units involve a significant number of non-bridging oxygens whereas the vast majority of [4]B have only bridging oxygens. We determine the three dimensional distribution of the Na atoms around the [3]B and [4]B units and use this information to explain why the sodium atoms associated to the latter share more oxygen atoms with the central boron atoms than the former units. From the distribution of the electrons we calculate the total electronic density of states as well its decomposition into angular momentum contributions. The vibrational density of states shows at high frequencies a band that originates from the motion of the boron atoms. Furthermore we show that the [3]B and [4]B units give rise to well defined features in the spectrum which thus can be used to estimate the concentration of these structural entities. The contribution of [3]B can be decomposed further into symmetric and asymmetric parts that can also be easily identified in the spectrum. We show that certain features in the spectrum can be used to obtain information on the type of atom that is the second nearest neighbor of a boron in the [4]B unit. We calculate the average Born charges on the bridging and non-bridging oxygen atoms and show that these depend linearly on the angle between the two bonds and the distance from the connected cation, respectively. Finally we have calculated the frequency dependence of the dielectric function as well as the absorption spectra.
description: 18 pages; 16 figures
Alloimmunization in dogs after transfusion: A serial cross-match study
Creators: name: Herter, Lisa
name: Weingart, Christiane
name: Merten, Nina
name: Bock, Nicole
name: Merle, Roswitha
name: Kohn, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: antibody
subject: antigen
subject: compatibility testing
subject: formation of alloantibodies
subject: transfusion medicine
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Background Cross-matching is performed to determine the serological compatibility of donor and recipient blood. Current guidelines recommend that cross-matching should be performed in dogs when an initial transfusion was performed more than 4 days ago or when the transfusion history is unknown. Hypothesis Determination at what time point alloantibodies are detected in dogs after transfusion. The hypothesis was that dogs would form alloantibodies within 4 days after a transfusion. Animals Twenty-one anemic dogs were transfused and monitored for at least 4 subsequent days. Exclusion criteria were persistent red blood cell (RBC) agglutination and a previous transfusion. Methods Prospective observational study. Cross-matching was performed before the initial DEA 1-compatible transfusion and on days 1, 2, 3, and 4 and if possible, between day 5 and 28, using the tube method without enhancement (major cross-match, recipient controls); recipients were monitored for transfusion reactions. Results In 12/21 dogs a positive cross-match (microscopic degree of agglutination [AD] 1+ to 2+) was observed within 4 days after the transfusion. In a nonlinear regression model, no significant association was detected between type of anemia (P = .41), RBC storage time (P = .44), immunosuppressive treatment (P = .75) nor transfusion volume (P = .70) and the occurrence of positive cross-matches within 4 days after transfusion. Another 4 dogs developed a positive cross-match (microscopic AD 1+ to 2+) after 6 to 13 days. Conclusions and Clinical Importance Because production of alloantibodies was detected as early as 1 day after transfusion, cross-matching should be performed before every subsequent transfusion.
Target-Guided Composed Image Retrieval
Creators: name: Wen, Haokun
name: Zhang, Xian
name: Song, Xuemeng
name: Wei, Yinwei
name: Nie, Liqiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Composed image retrieval (CIR) is a new and flexible image retrieval paradigm, which can retrieve the target image for a multimodal query, including a reference image and its corresponding modification text. Although existing efforts have achieved compelling success, they overlook the conflict relationship modeling between the reference image and the modification text for improving the multimodal query composition and the adaptive matching degree modeling for promoting the ranking of the candidate images that could present different levels of matching degrees with the given query. To address these two limitations, in this work, we propose a Target-Guided Composed Image Retrieval network (TG-CIR). In particular, TG-CIR first extracts the unified global and local attribute features for the reference/target image and the modification text with the contrastive language-image pre-training model (CLIP) as the backbone, where an orthogonal regularization is introduced to promote the independence among the attribute features. Then TG-CIR designs a target-query relationship-guided multimodal query composition module, comprising a target-free student composition branch and a target-based teacher composition branch, where the target-query relationship is injected into the teacher branch for guiding the conflict relationship modeling of the student branch. Last, apart from the conventional batch-based classification loss, TG-CIR additionally introduces a batch-based target similarity-guided matching degree regularization to promote the metric learning process. Extensive experiments on three benchmark datasets demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method.
Learning without neurons in physical systems
Creators: name: Stern, Menachem
name: Murugan, Arvind
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Learning is traditionally studied in biological or computational systems. The power of learning frameworks in solving hard inverse-problems provides an appealing case for the development of `physical learning' in which physical systems adopt desirable properties on their own without computational design. It was recently realized that large classes of physical systems can physically learn through local learning rules, autonomously adapting their parameters in response to observed examples of use. We review recent work in the emerging field of physical learning, describing theoretical and experimental advances in areas ranging from molecular self-assembly to flow networks and mechanical materials. Physical learning machines provide multiple practical advantages over computer designed ones, in particular by not requiring an accurate model of the system, and their ability to autonomously adapt to changing needs over time. As theoretical constructs, physical learning machines afford a novel perspective on how physical constraints modify abstract learning theory.
description: 25 pages, 6 figures
Tuning topological superconductivity in helical Shiba chains by supercurrent
Creators: name: Röntynen, Joel
name: Ojanen, Teemu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experimental investigations of arrays of magnetic atoms deposited on top of a superconductor have opened a new chapter in the search of topological superconductivity. We generalize the microscopic model derived by Pientka et al. [Phys. Rev. B \textbf{88}, 155420 (2013)] to accommodate the effects of finite supercurrent in the host material. Previously it was discovered that helical chains with nonplanar textures are plagued by a gapless phase. We show that by employing supercurrent it is possible to tune the chain from the gapless phase to the topological gapped phase. It is also possible to tune the chain between the trivial and the topological gapped phase, the size of which may be dramatically increased due to supercurrent. For planar textures supercurrent mainly contributes to proliferation of the gapless phase. Our predictions, which can be probed in STM experiments, are encouraging for observation and manipulation of Majorana states.
description: 4.5 pages, 4 figures+2 pages appendix
A review of the application of canopy bridges in the conservation of primates and other arboreal animals across Brazil
Creators: name: Teixeira, Fernanda Zimmermann
name: Silva, Lucas Gonçalves da
name: Abra, Fernanda
name: Rosa, Clarissa
name: Buss, Gerson
name: Guerreiro, Marcello
name: Costa, Edson Rodrigues
name: Medeiros, Aline Souza de Menezes
name: Gordo, Marcelo
name: Secco, Helio
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2022
Subjects: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: Brazil is known as a high biodiversity country, but at the same time, it has an extensive road network that threatens its wildlife and ecosystems. The impacts of roads and railways on vertebrates have been documented extensively, and the discussion concerning the implementation of mitigation measures for terrestrial wildlife has increased in the last decade. Arboreal animals are especially affected by the direct loss of individuals due to animal-vehicle collisions and by the barrier effect, because most arboreal species, especially the strictly arboreal ones, avoid going down to the ground to move across the landscape. Here we summarize and review information on existing canopy bridges across Brazil, considering artificial and natural canopy bridge initiatives implemented mainly on road and railway projects. A total of 151 canopy bridges were identified across the country, 112 of which are human-made structures of different materials, while the remaining 39 are natural canopy bridges. We found canopy bridges in three of the six biomes, with higher numbers in the Atlantic Forest and Amazon, the most forested biomes. Most of the canopy bridges are in protected areas (76%) and primates are the most common target taxa for canopy bridge implementation. Our study is the first biogeographic mapping and review of canopy bridges for arboreal wildlife conservation in a megadiverse country. We synthesize the available knowledge concerning canopy bridges in Brazil and highlight gaps that should be addressed by future research and monitoring projects.
Structural classification of boron nitride twisted bilayers and ab initio investigation of their stacking-dependent electronic structure
Creators: name: Latil, Sylvain
name: Amara, Hakim
name: Sponza, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2

description: Since the discovery of superconductive twisted bilayer graphene which initiated the field of twistronics, moiré systems have not ceased to exhibit fascinating properties. We demonstrate that in boron nitride twisted bilayers, for a given moiré periodicity, there are five different stackings which preserve the monolayer hexagonal symmetry (i.e. the invariance upon rotations of 120$^\circ$) and not only two as always discussed in literature. We introduce some definitions and a nomenclature that identify unambiguously the twist angle and the stacking sequence of any hexagonal bilayer with order-3 rotation symmetry. Moreover, we employ density functional theory to study the evolution of the band structure as a function of the twist angle for each of the five stacking sequences of boron nitride bilayers. We show that the gap is indirect at any angle and in any stacking, and identify features that are conserved within the same stacking sequence irrespective of the angle of twist.
description: 16 pages (6.5 main text); 15 figures (5 in main); 5 tables (3 in main). Appendixes concatenated to main text
Prognostic impact of Claudin 18.2 in gastric and esophageal adenocarcinomas
Creators: name: Arnold, Alexander
name: Daum, Severin
name: Winterfeld, M. Von
name: Berg, Erika
name: Hummel, Michael
name: Rau, Beate
name: Stein, Ulrike
name: Treese, Christoph
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Claudin 18.2
subject: Claudiximab
subject: Esophageal cancer
subject: Gastric cancer
subject: IMAB362
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: The tight junction molecule Claudin 18.2 is selectively expressed in healthy and malignant gastric epithelial tissue and is a promising therapy target for high Claudin 18.2 expressing adenocarcinomas of the esophagogastric junction and stomach (AEG/S). Methods: This study analyzed the prevalence, characteristics and prognostic impact of Claudin 18.2 expression in primary tumor, lymph node and distant metastasis in a large Caucasian AGE/S cohort with 414 patients. Results: Claudin 18.2 was highly expressed in 17.1% of primary tumors, 26.7% of lymph node metastasis and 16.7% of distant metastasis. High Claudin 18.2 expression in lymph node metastasis and primary tumors correlated significantly (p < 0.001). High expression of Claudin 18.2 was neither associated with histomorphogical subtype, or tumor state, nor with overall survival. Conclusion: In Caucasian AEG/S patients, 17.1% appeared to be eligible for an anti-Claudin 18.2 therapy. Claudin 18.2 expression itself has no impact on prognosis and is not related to any tumor subtype.