cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Is the molecular Berry phase an artifact of the Born-Oppenheimer approximation?
Creators: name: Min, S. K.
name: Abedi, A.
name: Kim, K. S.
name: Gross, E. K. U.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the molecular Berry phase and the corresponding non-analyticity in the electronic Born-Oppenheimer wavefunction is, in general, not a true topological feature of the exact solution of the full electron-nuclear Schrödinger equation. For a numerically exactly solvable model we show that a non-analyticity, and the associated geometric phase, only appear in the limit of infinite nuclear mass, while a perfectly smooth behavior is found for any finite nuclear mass.
A pilot randomised control trial to measure the effectiveness of combined modulated ultrasound and electric current stimulation in treating diabetic foot ulcers
Creators: name: Hearne, Caoimhe Joyce
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110201 Cardiology (incl. Cardiovascular Diseases)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background  Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) are a growing medical problem worldwide reaching concerning levels (IDF, 2017). Advanced wound care therapies are continuing to evolve to match the growing epidemic. The effect of combined ultrasound and electric current stimulation (CUSECS) on DFUs is still only a new focus. This study aims to investigate if CUSECS is an effective adjunctive treatment for chronic DFU when compared with standard wound care (SWC). Method: A randomised controlled pilot study design was employed. Eleven participants with chronic DFUs from two centres were sequentially randomised. For eight weeks the experimental group (n=6) received CUSECS and SWC treatment twice a week; the control group (n=5) received SWC treatment once a week. The CUSECS device utilised delivers ultrasound at modulating frequency (1.0-3.0 MHz) and intensity (0.0- 2.0 W/cm2) via a probe and electrostimulation at varying intensity (4000Hz–4250Hz) via electrodes. Wound size percentage was documented via photograph and measured for size. Ankle dorsiflexion, self-efficacy, economic cost, quality of life (QOL), pain and reoccurrence rates were analysed as secondary objectives. Results / Discussion: The experimental group achieved higher rate of mean wound healing than the control group with two completing full healing in the experimental group and one completing full healing in the control group. There were no statistically significant findings. There were no direct adverse reactions to this therapy. Mental health scores to improved and physical health scores decreased in wounds which portrayed an increase in healing rates. There was no significant change in ankle dorsiflexion, self-efficacy scores or pain in either group. In the four-week follow-up, the experimental group continued to have a greater wound size improvement compared to the control group. The experimental group’s direct costings were higher however healing rate was quicker which could be extrapolated to cost reductions over time. 12 Conclusion: Results suggest that CUSECS is a useful adjunctive therapy for treatment of chronic DFUs. Further large-scale studies are needed to ascertain the effectiveness of CUSECS. The findings here indicate that CUSECS offer promise as a treatment.
Open Access Database for Life Cycle Analysis
Creators: name: Costa, Marcela Porto
name: Styles, David
name: Williams, Michael
name: Saget, Sophie
name: Zimmermann, Beate
name: Barilli, Eleonora
name: Black, Kirsty
name: Lehrack, Uwe
name: Löhrich, Nora
name: Damian Bienkowski,
name: Iannetta, Pietro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Life Cycle Assessment
Database
Open Access
Legumes
Food

description: This Deliverable (D5.3) describes the building and use of an Open Access Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) database. The database is collated on the project database (Work Package (WP) 2) and will be accessible via the project website (WP1). This data will allow access to a unique collection of processes and emission factors for specific legume crops and legume-based food and feed products and associated value chains. The legume crops assessed include: faba- and common-beans, chickpeas, soybean, lupin and peas cultivated across three different European biogeographical regions (Atlantic/Boreal, Continental and Mediterranean). Additionally, LCA results are also presented for three novel legume-based food products: chickpea pasta plus gin made from neutral spirit derived from distilled peas, and pea-protein balls.
Solving the undirected feedback vertex set problem by local search
Creators: name: Qin, Shao-Meng
name: Zhou, Hai-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An undirected graph consists of a set of vertices and a set of undirected edges between vertices. Such a graph may contain an abundant number of cycles, then a feedback vertex set (FVS) is a set of vertices intersecting with each of these cycles. Constructing a FVS of cardinality approaching the global minimum value is a optimization problem in the nondeterministic polynomial-complete complexity class, therefore it might be extremely difficult for some large graph instances. In this paper we develop a simulated annealing local search algorithm for the undirected FVS problem. By defining an order for the vertices outside the FVS, we replace the global cycle constraints by a set of local vertex constraints on this order. Under these local constraints the cardinality of the focal FVS is then gradually reduced by the simulated annealing dynamical process. We test this heuristic algorithm on large instances of Erödos-Renyi random graph and regular random graph, and find that this algorithm is comparable in performance to the belief propagation-guided decimation algorithm.
description: 6 pages
On the Hagedorn Temperature in Holographic Confining Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Bigazzi, Francesco
name: Canneti, Tommaso
name: Cotrone, Aldo L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The divergence of the string partition function due to the exponential growth of states is a well-understood issue in flat spacetime. It can be interpreted as the appearance of tachyon modes above a certain temperature, known as the Hagedorn temperature $T_H$. In the literature, one can find some intuitions about its generalization to curved spacetimes, where computations are extremely hard and explicit results cannot be provided in general. In this paper, we present a genus-zero estimate of $T_H$, at leading order in $α'$, for string theories on curved backgrounds holographically dual to confining gauge theories. This is a particularly interesting case, since the holographic correspondence equates $T_H$ with the Hagedorn temperature of the dual gauge theories. For concreteness we focus on Type IIA string theory on a well known background dual to an $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory. The resulting Hagedorn temperature turns out to be proportional to the square root of the Yang-Mills confining string tension. The related coefficient, which at leading order is analytically determined, is the same as the one for Type II theories in flat space. While the calculation is performed in a specific model, the result applies in full generality to confining gauge theories with a top-down holographic dual.
description: LaTeX, 37 pages, 1 figure; v3: comments and references added, typos corrected
Scaling instability of the buckling load in axially compressed circular cylindrical shells
Creators: name: Grabovsky, Yury
name: Harutyunyan, Davit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we initiate a program of rigorous analytical investigation of the paradoxical buckling behavior of circular cylindrical shells under axial compression. This is done by the development and systematic application of general theory of "near-flip" buckling of 3D slender bodies to cylindrical shells. The theory predicts scaling instability of the buckling load due to imperfections of load. It also suggests a more dramatic scaling instability caused by shape imperfections. The experimentally determined scaling exponent 1.5 of the critical stress as a function of shell thickness appears in our analysis as the scaling of the lower bound on safe loads given by the Korn constant. While the results of this paper fall short of a definitive explanation of the buckling behavior of cylindrical shells, we believe that our approach is capable of providing reliable estimates of the buckling loads of axially compressed cylindrical shells.
description: 29 pages
On the integrated mean squared error of wavelet density estimation for linear processes
Creators: name: Beknazaryan, Aleksandr
name: Sang, Hailin
name: Adamic, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G07, 62G05, 62M10

description: Let $\{X_n: n\in \N\}$ be a linear process with density function $f(x)\in L^2(\R)$. We study wavelet density estimation of $f(x)$. Under some regular conditions on the characteristic function of innovations, we achieve, based on the number of nonzero coefficients in the linear process, the minimax optimal convergence rate of the integrated mean squared error of density estimation. Considered wavelets have compact support and are twice continuously differentiable. The number of vanishing moments of mother wavelet is proportional to the number of nonzero coefficients in the linear process and to the rate of decay of characteristic function of innovations. Theoretical results are illustrated by simulation studies with innovations following Gaussian, Cauchy and chi-squared distributions.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Statistical Inference for Stochastic Processes
Toward computational cumulative biology by combining models of biological datasets
Creators: name: Faisal, Ali
name: Peltonen, Jaakko
name: Georgii, Elisabeth
name: Rung, Johan
name: Kaski, Samuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A main challenge of data-driven sciences is how to make maximal use of the progressively expanding databases of experimental datasets in order to keep research cumulative. We introduce the idea of a modeling-based dataset retrieval engine designed for relating a researcher's experimental dataset to earlier work in the field. The search is (i) data-driven to enable new findings, going beyond the state of the art of keyword searches in annotations, (ii) modeling-driven, to both include biological knowledge and insights learned from data, and (iii) scalable, as it is accomplished without building one unified grand model of all data. Assuming each dataset has been modeled beforehand, by the researchers or by database managers, we apply a rapidly computable and optimizable combination model to decompose a new dataset into contributions from earlier relevant models. By using the data-driven decomposition we identify a network of interrelated datasets from a large annotated human gene expression atlas. While tissue type and disease were major driving forces for determining relevant datasets, the found relationships were richer and the model-based search was more accurate than keyword search; it moreover recovered biologically meaningful relationships that are not straightforwardly visible from annotations, for instance, between cells in different developmental stages such as thymocytes and T-cells. Data-driven links and citations matched to a large extent; the data-driven links even uncovered corrections to the publication data, as two of the most linked datasets were not highly cited and turned out to have wrong publication entries in the database.
Analysis of GNSS replay-attack detectors exploiting unpredictable symbols
Creators: name: Ferre, Ruben Morales
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: GNSS
Spoofing
SCER
replay-attack

description: Since its inception, GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite System) have become more popular year after year. GNSS
 is currently used in a wide variety of applications beyond the determination of the user position by means of a
 GNSS receiver. GNSS is used in sectors as different as finance, energy distribution or telecommunications. Due
 to this increase in popularity in the last years, GNSS has become objective of attacks, with the purpose of control
 the victim receiver and provide an erroneous PVT (Position, Time and Velocity) solution. In first place, in this
 document are described the basic concepts of GNSS, this means describe the elements that composes GNSS and
 how the PVT solution is determined by the receiver. Once are shown the basic concepts of GNSS, the attacks are
 presented. The state-of-the-art of the attacks against GNSS is described, with the objective of showing the wide
 variety of possibilities there are available. Next are explained in detail the SCER (Security Code Estimation and
 Replay) attacks based on the estimation of the impracticable bits. For this attack, are proposed three different
 strategies, two of them based on modifying the signal at chip level and a third one based on the modification of
 the bit amplitude, and four detection methods. Once there has been explained in detail in what consist each of
 them, a comparison of the different attacks and detection methods are carried out in order to determine which
 attack is the best (from the point of view of the attacker) and which detection method is more effective against
 each attack strategy.
Radio efficiency of pulsars
Creators: name: Szary, Andrzej
name: Zhang, Bing
name: Melikidze, George
name: Gil, Janusz
name: Xu, Ren-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate radio emission efficiency $ξ$ of pulsars and report a near linear inverse correlation between $ξ$ and the spindown power $\dot E$, as well as a near linear correlation between $ξ$ and pulsar age $τ$. This is a consequence of very weak, if any, dependences of radio luminosity $L$ on pulsar period $P$ and period derivative $\dot{P}$, in contrast to X-ray or $γ$-ray emission luminosities. The analysis of radio fluxes suggests that these correlations are not due to a selection effect, but are intrinsic to the pulsar radio emission physics. We have found that, although with a large variance, the radio luminosity of pulsars is $\left\approx 10^{29} \,{\rm erg/s}$, regardless of the position in the $P-\dot P$ diagram. Within such a picture, a model-independent statement can be made that the death line of radio pulsars corresponds to an upper limit in the efficiency of radio emission. If we introduce the maximum value for a radio efficiency into Monte Carlo-based population syntheses we can reproduce the observed sample using the random luminosity model. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test on a synthetic flux distribution shows high probability of reproducing the observed distribution. Our results suggests that the plasma responsible for generating radio emission is produced under similar conditions regardless of pulsar age, dipolar magnetic field strength, and spin-down rate. The magnetic fields near the pulsar surface are likely dominated by crust-anchored magnetic anomalies, which do not significantly differ among pulsars, leading to similar conditions for generating electron-positron pairs necessary to power radio emission.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
Purposive Reflection: Perspectives on Lesson Study in Bridging Pedagogical Process and Learning Outcomes
Creators: name: Oliver Coronado, Lito
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 390102
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy theory and development
classificationCode: 390201
subject: Education policy
classificationCode: 390305
subject: Professional education and training
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: This is a qualitative case study about the role of lesson reflection in the context of Lesson Study in meeting desired learning outcomes. The purpose of this study was to determine how doing lesson reflection the Lesson Study way can offer meaningful insights to enrich reflection under DO 42, series of 2016. This study interviewed 13 participants who all had a minimum of one year in conducting Lesson Study. This is anchored on constructivism and variation theories. Maximum variation sampling was purposely used in choosing the interview participants. The participants were semi-structurally interviewed one-on-one via Zoom. The data were treated for purposes of coding and in search for patterns using Quirkos, a qualitative data analyzer software and were analyzed using reflexive thematic analysis by Braun and Clarke, 2019. The study revealed the following themes which highlighted answers to the role of lesson reflection through Lesson Study in meeting desired learning outcomes for subproblem 1: a) improved lesson preparations, b) improvement in lesson execution, c) student learning facility, d) teachers’ professional growth; for subproblem 2: a) better lesson preparation and delivery, b) students learn by doing and make learning discoveries; for subproblem 3: reflective lesson revisions improve students’ performance, b) learning is bridged particularly to slow students, c) aids students’ learnability through teachers’ anticipations based on observations. The author may be reached at the following: loc_bnc@yahoo.com / lito.piks@binabangsaschool.com
Boundary effects and weak$^*$ lower semicontinuity for signed integral functionals on $\mathrm{BV}$
Creators: name: Benešová, Barbora
name: Krömer, Stefan
name: Kružík, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 49J45, 26B30, 52A99

description: We characterize lower semicontinuity of integral functionals with respect to weak$^*$ convergence in $\mathrm{BV}$, including integrands whose negative part has linear growth. In addition, we allow for sequences without a fixed trace at the boundary. In this case, both the integrand and the shape of the boundary play a key role. This is made precise in our newly found condition -- quasi-sublinear growth from below at points of the boundary -- which compensates for possible concentration effects generated by the sequence. Our work extends some recent results by J. Kristensen and F. Rindler (Arch. Rat. Mech. Anal. 197 (2010), 539--598 and Calc. Var. 37 (2010), 29--62).
The spectroscopic signature of Kondo screening on single adatoms in Na(Fe0.96Co0.03Mn0.01)As
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenyu
name: Fang, Delong
name: Deng, Qiang
name: Yang, Huan
name: Ren, Cong
name: Wen, Hai-Hu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic states of surface adatoms in Na(Fe0.96Co0.03Mn0.01)As have been studied by low temperature scanning tunneling spectroscopy. The spectra recorded on the adatoms display both superconducting coherence peaks and an asymmetric resonance in a larger energy scale. The Fano-type line shape of the spectra points towards a possible Kondo effect at play. The apparent energy position of the resonance peak shifts about 5 meV to the Fermi level when measured across the critical temperature, supporting that the Bogoliubov quasiparticle is responsible for the Kondo screening in the superconducting state. The tunneling spectra do not show the subgap bound states, which is explained as the weak pair breaking effect given by the weak and broad scattering potential after the Kondo screening.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Orientation of galaxies in structures
Creators: name: Panko, Elena
name: Piwowarska, Paulina
name: Godlowska, Jolanta
name: Godlowski, Wlodzimierz
name: Flin, Piotr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The investigation of the orientation of galaxies is a standard test concerning to scenarios of galaxy formation, because different theories of galaxy formation make various predictions regarding to the angular momentum of galaxies. The new method of analysis of the alignment of galaxies in clusters was proposed in the paper Godlowski (2012) and now is improved. We analyzed the distribution of the position angles of the galaxy major axes, as well as the distribution of two angles describing the spatial orientation of galaxy plane, which gives the information about galaxy angular momenta. We discuss the orientation of galaxies in groups and clusters of galaxies. The results show the dependence of the alignment with respect to clusters richness. The implications of the results for theories of galaxy formation are discussed as well.
description: Preliminary version of the paper from Astrophysics 56, p.322 send to Astrofizika edition
Deep Learning-based galaxy image deconvolution
Creators: name: Akhaury, Utsav
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
name: Jablonka, Pascale
name: Courbin, Frédéric
name: Michalewicz, Kevin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With the onset of large-scale astronomical surveys capturing millions of images, there is an increasing need to develop fast and accurate deconvolution algorithms that generalize well to different images. A powerful and accessible deconvolution method would allow for the reconstruction of a cleaner estimation of the sky. The deconvolved images would be helpful to perform photometric measurements to help make progress in the fields of galaxy formation and evolution. We propose a new deconvolution method based on the Learnlet transform. Eventually, we investigate and compare the performance of different Unet architectures and Learnlet for image deconvolution in the astrophysical domain by following a two-step approach: a Tikhonov deconvolution with a closed-form solution, followed by post-processing with a neural network. To generate our training dataset, we extract HST cutouts from the CANDELS survey in the F606W filter (V-band) and corrupt these images to simulate their blurred-noisy versions. Our numerical results based on these simulations show a detailed comparison between the considered methods for different noise levels.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Spin-orbit torque-driven magnetization switching and thermal effects studied in Ta\CoFeB\MgO nanowires
Creators: name: Conte, R. Lo
name: Hrabec, A.
name: Mihai, A. P.
name: Schulz, T.
name: Noh, S. -J.
name: Marrows, C. H.
name: Moore, T. A.
name: Kläui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate magnetization switching in out-of-plane magnetized Ta\CoFeB\MgO nanowires by current pulse injection along the nanowires, both with and without a constant and uniform magnetic field collinear to the current direction. We deduce that an effective torque arising from spin-orbit effects in the multilayer drives the switching mechanism. While the generation of a component of the magnetization along the current direction is crucial for the switching to occur, we observe that even without a longitudinal field thermally generated magnetization fluctuations can lead to switching. Analysis using a generalized Néel-Brown model enables key parameters of the thermally induced spin-orbit torques switching process to be estimated, such as the attempt frequency and the effective energy barrier.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Delayed-choice quantum erasers and the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen paradox
Creators: name: Chiou, Dah-Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Considering the delayed-choice quantum eraser using a Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a nonsymmetric beam splitter, we explicitly demonstrate that it shares exactly the same formal structure with the Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-Bohm (EPR-Bohm) experiment. Therefore, the effect of quantum erasure can be understood in terms of the standard EPR correlation. Nevertheless, the quantum eraser still raises a conceptual issue beyond the standard EPR paradox, if counterfactual reasoning is taken into account. Furthermore, the quantum eraser experiments can be classified into two major categories: the entanglement quantum eraser and the Scully-Drühl-type quantum eraser. These two types are formally equivalent to each other, but conceptually the latter presents a "mystery" more prominent than the former. In the Scully-Drühl-type quantum eraser, the statement that the which-way information can be influenced by the delayed-choice measurement is not purely a consequence of counterfactual reasoning but bears some factual significance. Accordingly, it makes good sense to say that the "record" of the which-way information is "erased" if the potentiality to yield a conclusive outcome that discriminates the record is eliminated by the delayed-choice measurement. We also reconsider the quantum eraser in the many-worlds interpretation (MWI), making clear the conceptual merits and demerits of the MWI.
description: 39 pages, 5 figures
Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Application for complex MEP systems
Creators: name: Vu, Dung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 401001
subject: Engineering design
classificationCode: 401003
subject: Engineering practice
classificationCode: 401002
subject: Engineering education

description: The design of Mechanical, Electrical, and Plumbing (MEP) systems for buildings stands as a crucial element in contemporary building design, where the optimization of MEP systems performance presents challenges, particularly in the context of complex facilities. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) has appeared as an important tool to address these challenges. In this article, we delve deep into the application of CFD, employing technical language through real-world case studies. Each case study explains how CFD effectively resolves complex MEP design challenges, providing invaluable insights for MEP engineers and designers.
Chemical gradients across phase boundaries between martensite and austenite in steel studied by atom probe tomography and simulation
Creators: name: Dmitrieva, O.
name: Ponge, D.
name: Inden, G.
name: Millán, J.
name: Choi, P.
name: Sietsma, J.
name: Raabe, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Partitioning at phase boundaries of complex steels is important for their properties. We present atom probe tomography results across martensite / austenite interfaces in a precipitation-hardened maraging TRIP steel (12.2 Mn, 1.9 Ni, 0.6 Mo, 1.2 Ti, 0.3 Al; at.%). The system reveals compositional changes at the phase boundaries: Mn and Ni are enriched while Ti, Al, Mo, and Fe are depleted. More specific, we observe up to 27 at.% Mn in a 20 nm layer at the phase boundary. This is explained by the large difference in diffusivity between martensite and austenite. The high diffusivity in martensite leads to a Mn-flux towards the retained austenite. The low diffusivity in the austenite does not allow accommodation of this flux. Consequently, the austenite grows with a Mn-composition given by local equilibrium. The interpretation is based on DICTRA and mixed-mode diffusion calculations (using a finite interface mobility).
Blind and fully constrained unmixing of hyperspectral images
Creators: name: Ammanouil, Rita
name: Ferrari, André
name: Richard, Cédric
name: Mary, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the problem of blind and fully constrained unmixing of hyperspectral images. Unmixing is performed without the use of any dictionary, and assumes that the number of constituent materials in the scene and their spectral signatures are unknown. The estimated abundances satisfy the desired sum-to-one and nonnegativity constraints. Two models with increasing complexity are developed to achieve this challenging task, depending on how noise interacts with hyperspectral data. The first one leads to a convex optimization problem, and is solved with the Alternating Direction Method of Multipliers. The second one accounts for signal-dependent noise, and is addressed with a Reweighted Least Squares algorithm. Experiments on synthetic and real data demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach.
Algorithms for perturbative analysis and simulation of quantum dynamics
Creators: name: Puzzuoli, Daniel
name: Lin, Sophia Fuhui
name: Malekakhlagh, Moein
name: Pritchett, Emily
name: Rosand, Benjamin
name: Wood, Christopher J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop general purpose algorithms for computing and utilizing both the Dyson series and Magnus expansion, with the goal of facilitating numerical perturbative studies of quantum dynamics. To enable broad applications to models with multiple parameters, we phrase our algorithms in terms of multivariable sensitivity analysis, for either the solution or the time-averaged generator of the evolution over a fixed time-interval. These tools simultaneously compute a collection of terms up to arbitrary order, and are general in the sense that the model can depend on the parameters in an arbitrary time-dependent way. We implement the algorithms in the open source software package \qiskitdynamics{}, utilizing the JAX array library to enable just-in-time compilation, automatic differentiation, and GPU execution of all computations. Using a model of a single transmon, we demonstrate how to use these tools to approximate fidelity in a region of model parameter space, as well as construct perturbative robust control objectives. We also derive and implement Dyson and Magnus-based variations of the recently introduced Dysolve algorithm [Shillito et al., Physical Review Research, 3(3):033266] for simulating linear matrix differential equations. We show how the pre-computation step can be phrased as a multivariable expansion computation problem with fewer terms than in the original method. When simulating a two-transmon entangling gate on a GPU, we find the Dyson and Magnus-based solvers provide a speedup over traditional ODE solvers, ranging from roughly $2\times$ to $4\times$ for a solution and $10\times$ to $60\times$ for a gradient, depending on solution accuracy.
description: Accepted version: Speedup results updated after rerunning simulations with updated packages, modified figures, and expanded discussions
ITVOLT: An Iterative Solver for the Time-Dependent Schrödinger Equation
Creators: name: Schneider, Ryan
name: Gharibnejad, Heman
name: Schneider, Barry I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.4; G.4; J.2
subject: 78-04, 65M22

description: We present a novel approach for solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation (TDSE). The method we propose converts the TDSE to an equivalent Volterra integral equation; introducing a global Lagrange interpolation of the integrand transforms the equation to a linear system, which is then solved iteratively. In this paper, we derive the method, explore its performance on several examples, and discuss the corresponding numerical details.
description: The updated version focuses exclusively on the time-dependent Schr\"{o}dinger equation and includes both a new variant of the method and a more rigorous performance analysis. Contents: 20 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables
Can Querying for Bias Leak Protected Attributes? Achieving Privacy With Smooth Sensitivity
Creators: name: Hamman, Faisal
name: Chen, Jiahao
name: Dutta, Sanghamitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing regulations prohibit model developers from accessing protected attributes (gender, race, etc.), often resulting in fairness assessments on populations without knowing their protected groups. In such scenarios, institutions often adopt a separation between the model developers (who train models with no access to the protected attributes) and a compliance team (who may have access to the entire dataset for auditing purposes). However, the model developers might be allowed to test their models for bias by querying the compliance team for group fairness metrics. In this paper, we first demonstrate that simply querying for fairness metrics, such as statistical parity and equalized odds can leak the protected attributes of individuals to the model developers. We demonstrate that there always exist strategies by which the model developers can identify the protected attribute of a targeted individual in the test dataset from just a single query. In particular, we show that one can reconstruct the protected attributes of all the individuals from O(Nk \log( n /Nk)) queries when Nk<
description: Published in 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (FAccT2023)
Sampling formulas for one-parameter groups of operators in Banach spaces
Creators: name: Pesenson, Isaac Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We extend some results about sampling of entire functions of exponential type to Banach spaces. By using generator $D$ of one-parameter group $e^{tD}$ of isometries of a Banach space $E$ we introduce Bernstein subspaces $\mathbf{B}_σ(D),\>\>σ>0,$ of vectors $f$ in $E$ for which trajectories $e^{tD}f$ are abstract-valued functions of exponential type which are bounded on the real line. This property allows to reduce sampling problems for $e^{tD}f$ with $f\in \mathbf{B}_σ(D)$ to known sampling results for regular functions of exponential type $σ$.
description: submitted
Non-perturbative procedure for stable $K$-brane
Creators: name: Zhong, Yuan
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
name: Zhao, Zhen-Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel first-order formalism for a type of $K$-brane systems. An example solution is presented and studied. We illustrate how the noncanonical kinetic term can affect the properties of the model, such as the stability of the solutions, the localization of fermion and graviton. We argue that our solution is stable against linear perturbations. The tensor zero mode of graviton can be localized while the scalar zero mode cannot. The localization condition for fermion is also discussed.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
RegCM 4 model Reference Manual
Creators: name: Giorgi, Filippo
name: Elguindi, Nellie
name: Xunqiang Bi
name: Badrinath Nagarajan
name: Pal, Jeremy
name: Solmon, Fabien
name: Rauscher, Sara
name: Zakey, Ashraf
name: O'Brien, Travis
name: Nogherotto, Rita
name: Giuliani, Graziano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Regional Climate

description: ICTP ESP Regional Climate model RegCM4 Reference Manual.
description: The reference manual describes model equations and provides scientific references.
Subaru Spectroscopy and Spectral Modeling of Cygnus A
Creators: name: Merlo, Matthew J.
name: Perlman, Eric S.
name: Nikutta, Robert
name: Packham, Christopher
name: Elitzur, Moshe
name: Imanishi, Masatoshi
name: Levenson, N. A.
name: Radomski, James T.
name: Aretxaga, Itziar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high angular resolution ($\sim$0.5$^\prime$$^\prime$) MIR spectra of the powerful radio galaxy, Cygnus A, obtained with the Subaru telescope. The overall shape of the spectra agree with previous high angular resolution MIR observations, as well as previous Spitzer spectra. Our spectra, both on and off nucleus, show a deep silicate absorption feature. The absorption feature can be modeled with a blackbody obscured by cold dust or a clumpy torus. The deep silicate feature is best fit by a simple model of a screened blackbody, suggesting foreground absorption plays a significant, if not dominant role, in shaping the spectrum of Cygnus A. This foreground absorption prevents a clear view of the central engine and surrounding torus, making it difficult to quantify the extent the torus attributes to the obscuration of the central engine, but does not eliminate the need for a torus in Cygnus A.
Ultra-Fast Stark-Induced Control of Polaritonic States
Creators: name: Cancellieri, Emiliano
name: Hayat, Alex
name: Steinberg, Aephraim
name: Giacobino, Elisabeth
name: Bramati, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A laser pulse, several meV red-detuned from the excitonic line of a quantum well, has been shown to induce an almost instantaneous and rigid shift of the lower and upper polariton branches. Here we demonstrate that through this shift, ultra-fast all-optical control of the polariton population in a semiconductor microcavity should be achievable. In the proposed setup a Stark field is used to bring the lower polariton branch in or out of resonance with a quasi-resonant continuous-wave laser, thereby favoring or inhibiting the injection of polaritons into the cavity. Moreover we show that this technique allows for the implementation of optical switches with extremely high repetition rates.
Nonequilibrium Phase Transition To Temporal Oscillations In Mean-Field Spin Models
Creators: name: Guislain, Laura
name: Bertin, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a mean-field theory for nonequilibrium phase transitions to a periodically oscillating state in spin models. A nonequilibrium generalization of the Landau free energy is obtained from the join distribution of the magnetization and its smoothed stochastic time derivative. The order parameter of the transition is a Hamiltonian, whose nonzero value signals the onset of oscillations. The Hamiltonian and the nonequilibrium Landau free energy are determined explicitly from the stochastic spin dynamics. The oscillating phase is also characterized by a non-trivial overlap distribution reminiscent of a continuous replica symmetry breaking, in spite of the absence of disorder. An illustration is given on an explicit kinetic mean-field spin model.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Local alterations of left arcuate fasciculus and transcallosal white matter microstructure in schizophrenia patients with medication-resistant auditory verbal hallucinations: A pilot study
Creators: name: Thomas, Fanny
name: Gallea, Cécile
name: Moulier, Virginie
name: Bouaziz, Noomane
name: Valero-Cabré, Antoni
name: Januel, Dominique
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) in schizophrenia (SZ) have been associated with abnormalities of the left arcuate fasciculus and transcallosal white matter projections linking homologous language areas of both hemispheres. While most studies have used a whole-tract approach, here we focused on analyzing local alterations of the above-mentioned pathways in SZ patients suffering medication-resistant AVH.Fractional anisotropy (FA) was estimated along the left arcuate fasciculus and interhemispheric projections of the rostral and caudal corpus callosum. Then, potential associations between white matter tracts and SZ symptoms were explored by correlating local site-by-site FA values and AVH severity estimated via the Auditory Hallucinations Rating Scale (AHRS). Compared to a sample of healthy controls, SZ patients displayed lower FA values in the rostral portion of the left arcuate fasciculus, near the frontal operculum, and in the left and right lateral regions of the rostral portion of the transcallosal pathways. In contrast, SZ patients showed higher FA values than healthy controls in the medial portion of the latter transcallosal pathway and in the midsagittal section of the interhemispheric auditory pathway. Finally, significant correlations were found between local FA values in the left arcuate fasciculus and the severity of the AVH's attentional salience. Contributing to the study of associations between local white matter alterations of language networks and SZ symptoms, our findings highlight local alterations of white matter integrity in these pathways linking language areas in SZ patients with AVH. We also hypothesize a link between the left arcuate fasciculus and the attentional capture of AVH.
description: Neuroscience, Elsevier - International Brain Research Organization, 2022
Impurity entanglement through electron scattering in a magnetic field
Creators: name: Metavitsiadis, Alexandros
name: Dillenschneider, Raoul
name: Eggert, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement of magnetic impurities in an environment of electrons through successive scattering while an external magnetic field is applied. We show that the dynamics of the problem can be approximately described by a reduced model of three interacting spins, which reveals an intuitive view on how spins can be entangled by controlled electron scattering. The role of the magnetic field is rather crucial. Depending on the initial state configuration, the magnetic field can either increase or decrease the resulting entanglement but more importantly it can allow the impurities to be maximally entangled.
description: 5 pages with 3 figures. For more information and the final version see http://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/index.html
Wooden construction in Europe - opportunities and barriers of its development
Creators: name: Leszczyszyn, Ewa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: wood house, benefits of wood, construction, opportunities and barriers of wood

description: The presentation shows selected project results „Building A Sustainable Joint Between Rural And Urban Areas Through Circular And Innovative Wood Construction Value Chains” (Acronym: BASAJAUN)
description: BASAJAUN - Building a Sustainable Joint between rural and Urban Areas Through Circular and Innovative Wood Construction Value Chains, grant agreement no. 862942
Jassa marmorata Holmes 1905
Creators: name: Kakkonen, Jenni E.
name: Worsfold, Tim M.
name: Ashelby, Christopher W.
name: Taylor, Andrea
name: Beaton, Katy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Amphipoda
Ischyroceridae
Jassa
Jassa marmorata

description: (18) Jassa marmorata Holmes, 1905
Status in U.K. – cryptogenic.
Jassa marmorata has been recorded from several sites from the monitoring programme, each year since 2013, mainly from scrape samples. It is less common in the samples than the congeneric J. herdmani (Walker, 1893), which is considered native.
Conlan (1990) concluded that J. marmorata has a cosmopolitan distribution and further stated that the worldwide distribution of the species would make suspect any native species of Jassa from heavily populated areas. Historic confusion, especially between J. marmorata and J. falcata (Montagu, 1808), has led to the distributions of many species being misinterpreted. Establishing the origin of J. marmorata is therefore problematic. Chapman (2000) considered it to be introduced to the northeastern Atlantic from a native range of the north-western Atlantic but this is not certain. Due to these uncertainties, and in keeping with Marchini and Cardeccia (2017), we here consider it cryptogenic in the U.K.
description: Published as part of Kakkonen, Jenni E., Worsfold, Tim M., Ashelby, Christopher W., Taylor, Andrea & Beaton, Katy, 2019, The value of regular monitoring and diverse sampling techniques to assess aquatic non-native species: a case study from Orkney, pp. 46-79 in Management of Biological Invasions 10 (1) on page 58, DOI: 10.3391/mbi.2019.10.1.04, http://zenodo.org/record/11969078
Causes of Floods: A Case Study of Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal, India
Creators: name: Ershad Ali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Flood, Forest fire, Deforesting, Landslide, Urbanization, Flood mitigation.

description: Abstract:

Throughout the human civilization, floods have been part of his destiny. Presently there are widely

discussed of disasters and its results to enhance the public awareness and greater destruction

caused by disaster (flood). Perhaps, flood is one of the most dramatic interactions between man

and his environment. The sub-Himalayan West Bengal is experiencing the number destructive

floods as the enumerable rivers of Sub Himalayan region are coming from different sources

Himalayas lakes and snows which makes the rivers has always been liable to floods. The main

reasons are the high floods are excessive rainfall within small duration in small catchments and

continuous rainfall of several days in bigger catchments. The simultaneous melting of snow

accumulated on high mountains and rainfall in lower reaches often caused floods of devastating

nature (Sarkar S. et al. 2004).North Bengal is highly patches with an intensive network of river

systems. Jalpaiguri district is highly affected due to the floods of this river which is mainly

occurred by extensive and regular bank erosion, course shifting, snow melting, and drainage

patterns. Thus the present paper is focusing on the causes of floods in Jalpaiguri district.
Supernova Relic Neutrinos and the Supernova Rate Problem: Analysis of Uncertainties and Detectability of ONeMg and Failed Supernovae
Creators: name: Mathews, Grant J.
name: Hidaka, Jun
name: Kajino, Toshitaka
name: Suzuki, Jyutaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct measurements of the core-collapse supernova rate in the redshift range 0
description: 38 pages, 15 figures. Astrophysical Journal in Press