cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The London moment: what a rotating superconductor reveals about superconductivity
Creators: name: Hirsch, J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The London moment is the magnetic moment acquired by a rotating superconductor. We propose that the London moment reveals the following fundamental properties of the superconducting state: (i) superconductors (unlike normal metals) know the $sign$ of the charge carriers, (ii) the superconducting charge carriers are $free$ electrons, (iii) electrons are expelled from the interior to the surface in the transition to the superconducting state, (iv) superfluid electrons occupy orbits of radius $2λ_L$ ($λ_L=$London penetration depth), and (v) a spin current exists in the ground state of superconductors. These properties are consistent with the Meissner effect, however the Meissner effect does not $directly$ reveal the sign of the charge carriers nor the fact that the carrier's mass is the free electron mass nor the fact that a spin current exists in superconductors. Note also that within the BCS theory of superconductivity none of the key properties of superconductors listed above are predicted. Instead, these properties are predicted by the theory of hole superconductivity.
Civil Liability and Mandatory Disclosure
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Liability (Law)
subject: Disclosure of information--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This Article explores the efficient design of civil liability for mandatory securities disclosure violations by established issuers. An issuer not publicly offering securities at the time of a violation should have no liability. Its annual filings should be signed by an external certifier—an investment bank or other well-capitalized entity with financial expertise. If the filing contains a material misstatement and the certifier fails to do due diligence, the certifier should face measured liability. Officers and directors should face similar liability, capped relative to their compensation but with no indemnification or insurance allowed. Damages should be payable to the issuer, not traders in its shares, because the true social harm from issuer misstatements is poor corporate governance and reduced liquidity. A trader is as likely to be a gainer by selling, as a loser by buying, at the misstatement-inflated price.

An issuer publicly offering securities at the time of a violation should be liable to purchasers for the resulting inflation in price. Such liability is an antidote to what otherwise would be an extra incentive not to comply.

This design would increase incentives for U.S. issuers to comply with periodic disclosure rules. At the same time, litigation-expensive fraud-on-themarket class actions would be eliminated. So would underwriter liability for lack of due diligence, a sharply diminishing spur for disclosure given the speed of modern offerings. For countries considering implementation of securities disclosure civil liability systems for the first time, this design helps them get it right from the start.
Work related musculoskeletal disorders among nurses
Creators: name: SHARAN, Deepak
name: MOHANDOSS, Mathankumar
name: RANGANATHAN, Rameshkumar
name: JOSE, Jerrish
name: RAJKUMAR, Joshua Samuel
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: A systematic review was conducted to study the current literature related to work
related musculoskeletal disorders in nurses. A review was done using MEDLINE by the keywords “nurses”, “risk factors”, and “musculoskeletal disorders”. All the articles were reviewed by three reviewers based on the EPOC criteria and studies which were not adequate and inappropriate were excluded. Study design, type of data collection, assessment tools and outcomes obtained in the respective study were noted. Nurses were often required to lift heavy loads, work in awkward postures and transfer patients which were identified as the possible causes for acquiring WRMSDs.
Charge Fluctuations as Thermometer for Heavy-Ion Collisions
Creators: name: Wagner, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a determination of freeze-out conditions in heavy-ion collisions based on ratios of cu- mulants of net electric charge fluctuations obtained from lattice QCD. These ratios can reliably be calculated for a wide range of chemical potential values by using a next-to-leading order Taylor series expansion around the limit of vanishing baryon, electric charge and strangeness chemical potentials. We first determine the strangeness and electric charge chemical potentials that characterize the conditions in heavy ion collisions at RHIC and LHC. We then show that a comparison of lattice QCD results for ratios of up to third order cumulants of electric charge fluctuations with experimental results allows us to extract the freeze-out baryon chemical potential and the freeze-out temperature. We apply our method to preliminary data of the STAR and PHENIX collaborations.
description: 7 pages, proceedings, presented at the 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2013), 29 July - 3 August 2013, Mainz, Germany
Required Disclosure and Corporate Governance
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Securities
subject: Corporate governance--Law and legislation
subject: Disclosure of information--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article demonstrates that required disclosure can play an important role in corporate governance. It assists shareholders in effectively exercising their voting franchise and enforcing management's fiduciary duties. It also affects positively four of the economy's key mechanisms for controlling corporate management: the market for corporate control, share price-based managerial compensation, the cost of capital, and monitoring by external sources of finance. In so doing, it improves the selection of proposed new investment projects in the economy and the operation of existing facilities. Finally, it may improve managerial performance simply by forcing managers to become more aware of reality.
The Issuer Choice Debate
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Liability (Law)
subject: Securities
subject: Disclosure of information--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: This article responds to Professor Romano's piece in this issue. It concerns our ongoing debate with regard to the desirability of permitting issuers to choose the securities regulation regime by which they are bound. Romano favors issuer choice, arguing that it would result in jurisdictional competition to offer issuers share value maximizing regulations. I, in contrast, believe that abandoning the current mandatory system of federal securities disclosure would likely lower, not increase, US welfare. Each issuer, I argue, would select a regime requiring a level of disclosure less than is socially optimal because its private costs of disclosure would be greater than the social costs of such disclosure. Professor Romano and I agree on most of the basic analytic building blocks for deciding whether issuer choice is a desirable reform: belief in analyzing the problem in terms of the broadly accepted principles of modem financial economics; recognition that disclosure has costs as well as benefits; and acknowledgment that incentives exist for issuers to provide at least some disclosure. We nevertheless reach the opposite conclusion on the desirability of issuer choice. To start, Romano believes that issuers' private costs of disclosure will not generally be greater than the social costs of such disclosure, whereas I show they will be. Romano argues as well that this is a special case in which any divergence of private and social costs that does exist will not lead to a market failure, at least one possibly correctable by public regulation. I show her argument to be unpersuasive. Finally, Romano interprets the existing empirical evidence as proving mandatory disclosure's lack of social value, while I show that the evidence in fact does not point in either direction. Where, as here, the theoretical case for the existence of a market failure is strong and the current program for dealing with it is widely admired, the advocate of change should have the burden of proof. Professor Romano has not met this burden. If she is serious about advancing her proposal for issuer choice, she needs to show that despite the market failure inherent in issuer choice, there is inevitably an even greater failure in the regulatory response. Absent such a showing, mandatory disclosure should be retained.
Toward Better Physics Labs for Future Biologists
Creators: name: Moore, K.
name: Giannini, J.
name: Losert, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a set of laboratories and hands on activities to accompany a new two-semester interdisciplinary physics course that has been successfully developed and tested in two small test classes of students at the University of Maryland, College Park (UMD) in 2012-2013. We have designed the laboratories to be taken accompanying a reformed course in the student's second year, with calculus, biology, and chemistry as prerequisites. This permits the laboratories to include significant content on physics relevant to cellular scales, from chemical interactions to random motion and charge screening in fluids. We also introduce the students to research-grade equipment and modern physics analysis tools in contexts relevant to biology, while maintaining the pedagogically valuable open-ended laboratory structure of reformed laboratories. Preliminary student results from these two small test classes are discussed.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
Resonant Mode Coupling in $δ$ Scuti Stars
Creators: name: Mourabit, Mohammed
name: Weinberg, Nevin N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Delta Scuti ($δ$ Sct) variables are intermediate mass stars that lie at the intersection of the main sequence and the instability strip on the Hertzsprung-Russel diagram. Various lines of evidence indicate that nonlinear mode interactions shape their oscillation spectra, including the particularly compelling detection of resonantly interacting mode triplets in the $δ$ Sct star KIC 8054146. Motivated by these observations, we use the theory of three-mode coupling to study the strength and prevalence of nonlinear mode interactions in fourteen $δ$ Sct models that span the instability strip. For each model, we calculate the frequency detunings and nonlinear coupling strengths of $\sim 10^4$ unique combinations of mode triplets. We find that all the models contain at least $\sim 100$ well-coupled triplets whose detunings and coupling strengths are consistent with the triplets identified in KIC 8054146. Our results suggest that resonant mode interactions can be significant in $δ$ Sct stars and may explain why many exhibit rapid changes in amplitude and oscillation period.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to ApJ
The Political Economy of Statutory Reach: U.S. Disclosure Rules in a Globalizing Market for Securities
Creators: name: Fox, Merritt B.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Stock exchanges
subject: Securities
subject: International trade
subject: Disclosure of information--Law and legislation
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: International law

description: This article addresses the appropriate reach of the US mandatory securities disclosure regime. While disclosure obligations are imposed on issuers, they are triggered by transactions; the public offering of, or public trading in, the issuers' shares. The barriers to a truly global market for equities continue to lessen: financial information is becoming increasingly globalized and it is becoming increasingly inexpensive and easy to effect share transactions abroad. It is concluded that capital allocation improvement and managerial agency cost reduction is the only viable goal for disclosure regulation in a world with a global market for securities. It is recommended that the reach of the US disclosure regime be determined by the nationality of the issuer.
Intrinsic Localized Modes of a Classical Discrete Anisotropic Heisenberg Ferromagnetic Spin Chain
Creators: name: Lakshmanan, M.
name: Subash, B.
name: Saxena, Avadh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report several exact intrinsic localized mode solutions of the classical spin evolution equation of a one-dimensional anisotropic Heisenberg ferromagnetic spin chain in terms of Jacobian elliptic functions. These include one, two and three spin excitations. All these solutions have smooth anticontinuum limits. Their linear stability and semiclassical quantization are also discussed briefly.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters A on 21/02/2014; Minor revision
An ansatz for one dimensional steady state configurations
Creators: name: Chang, Han-Chih
name: Karch, Andreas
name: Yarom, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conjecture a universal formula for the heat current of a steady state connecting two asymptotic equilibrium systems in d-dimensional conformal field theories. Our proposal is verified by comparing it to exact expressions in 1+1 dimensions and linear hydrodynamics as well as numerical simulations in an Israel-Stewart like theory of second order viscous hydrodynamics.
description: 19 pages, 4 figures; Fixed typo and added footnote
Predictive and diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating severe dengue from nonsevere dengue
Creators: name: Low, Gary
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Epidemiological methods

description: Diagnosing severe dengue from those who do not develop complication is important to prevent death. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the diagnostic test accuracy of ultrasonography in differentiating severe dengue from nonsevere dengue; and to assess if ultrasonography/ultrasound can be used as a predictive (screening) and diagnostic tool in the course of dengue infection. An electronic search was conducted in different databases via OvidSP platform. The included studies were cohort studies between 1995 and 2016 wherein cases were confirmed by dengue blood test. Severity of dengue was assessed and compared using standard WHO references. The methodological quality of the paper was assessed by two independent reviewers by using QUADAS-2 tool. In total 12 studies were included in this review after suitable screening. Overall, the studies included had a low and unclear risk of bias. Seven out of nine studies that compared severe dengue and nonsevere dengue, performed an ultrasonography on gallbladder (wall thickness cutoff-3 mm) with a sensitivity of 24.2-100% and a specificity of 13.2-98.7%. Other parameters such as splenic subcapsular fluid collection, pericardial fluid and hepatic subcapsular fluid collection had a specificity of >90%, though the sensitivity was poor. There were insufficient evidence that ultrasonography is able to differentiate severe dengue from nonsevere dengue accurately. The predictive and diagnostic value of ultrasonography could not be concluded due to insufficient reporting on the temporality of the ultrasonography performed with regard to the diagnosis. However, it might serve as an adjunct investigation to support the clinical diagnosis.
The CMB cold spot under the lens: ruling out a supervoid interpretation
Creators: name: Owusu, Stephen
name: Ferreira, Pedro da Silveira
name: Notari, Alessio
name: Quartin, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) anisotropies are thought to be statistically isotropic and Gaussian. However, several anomalies are observed, including the CMB Cold Spot, an unexpected cold $\sim 10^{\circ}$ region with $p$-value $\lesssim 0.01$ in standard $Λ$CDM. One of the proposed origins of the Cold Spot is an unusually large void on the line of sight, that would generate a cold region through the combination of integrated Sachs-Wolfe and Rees-Sciama effects. In the past decade extensive searches were conducted in large scale structure surveys, both in optical and infrared, in the same area for $z \lesssim 1$ and did find evidence of large voids, but of depth and size able to account for only a fraction of the anomaly. Here we analyze the lensing signal in the Planck CMB data and rule out the hypothesis that the Cold Spot could be due to a large void located anywhere between us and the surface of last scattering. In particular, computing the evidence ratio we find that a model with a large void is disfavored compared to $Λ$CDM, with odds 1 : 13 (1 : 20) for SMICA (NILC) maps, compared to the original odds 56 : 1 (21 : 1) using temperature data alone.
description: v2: typos corrected in some equations; extra analysis in Section 5. Accepted for publication in JCAP
Effect of assisted hopping on thermopower in an interacting quantum dot
Creators: name: Tooski, S. B.
name: Ramsak, A.
name: Bulka, B. R.
name: Zitko, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electrical conductance and thermopower of a quantum dot tunnel coupled to external leads described by an extension of the Anderson impurity model which takes into account the assisted hopping processes, i.e., the occupancy-dependence of the tunneling amplitudes. We provide analytical understanding based on scaling arguments and the Schrieffer-Wolff transformation, corroborated by detailed numerical calculations using the numerical renormalization group (NRG) method. The assisted hopping modifies the coupling to the two-particle state, which shifts the Kondo exchange coupling constant and exponentially reduces or enhances the Kondo temperature, breaks the particle-hole symmetry, and strongly affects the thermopower. We discuss the gate-voltage and temperature dependence of the transport properties in various regimes. For a particular value of the assisted hopping parameter we find peculiar discontinuous behaviour in the mixed-valence regime. Near this value, we find very high Seebeck coefficient. We show that, quite generally, the thermopower is a highly sensitive probe of assisted hopping and Kondo correlations.
High order asymptotic preserving finite difference WENO schemes with constrained transport for MHD equations in all sonic Mach numbers
Creators: name: Chen, Wei
name: Wu, Kailiang
name: Xiong, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, a high-order semi-implicit (SI) asymptotic preserving (AP) and divergence-free finite difference weighted essentially nonoscillatory (WENO) scheme is proposed for magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. We consider the sonic Mach number $\varepsilon$ ranging from $0$ to $\mathcal{O}(1)$. High-order accuracy in time is obtained by SI implicit-explicit Runge-Kutta (IMEX-RK) time discretization. High-order accuracy in space is achieved by finite difference WENO schemes with characteristic-wise reconstructions. A constrained transport method is applied to maintain a discrete divergence-free condition. We formally prove that the scheme is AP. Asymptotic accuracy (AA) in the incompressible MHD limit is obtained if the implicit part of the SI IMEX-RK scheme is stiffly accurate. Numerical experiments are provided to validate the AP, AA, and divergence-free properties of our proposed approach. Besides, the scheme can well capture discontinuities such as shocks in an essentially non-oscillatory fashion in the compressible regime, while it is also a good incompressible solver with uniform large-time step conditions in the low sonic Mach limit.
A Systematic Assessment for the Co-Design of Green Infrastructure Prototypes—A Case Study in Urban Costa Rica
Creators: name: Chapa, Fernando
name: Perez Rubi, Maria
name: Hack, Jochen
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: green infrastructure
subject: transdisciplinary
subject: urban water systems
subject: Costa Rica
subject: co-design
subject: prototype
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft::333 | Boden- und Energiewirtschaft::333,7 | Natürliche Ressourcen, Energie und Umwelt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik::690 | Hausbau, Bauhandwerk

description: The management of urban water has evolved from single-function systems to more sustainable designs promoting society and nature as inputs to engineer novel infrastructure. In transdisciplinary research, co-design refers to a design-thinking strategy in which people jointly frame a problem–solution. This article presents a conceptual framework to assess a case study focusing on the process of co-design and implementation of green infrastructure as a prototype for urban stormwater management. The evaluation is carried out from a self-reflective post-implementation perspective. Research activities are translated into the framework to evaluate conditions shaping the trajectory of the prototype development. As a result, key aspects driving the transdisciplinary research regarding levels of stakeholder participation and dimensions of power are identified. Planning resilient co-design strategies to retrofit urban spaces is necessary to avoid unintended consequences, especially at initial experimental stages. This study aims to contribute to the continuous improvement of piloting strategies in urban spaces by providing a framework for a structured evaluation of transdisciplinary research experiences.
A minor extension of the logistic equation for growth of word counts on online media: Parametric description of diversity of growth phenomena in society
Creators: name: Watanabe, Hayafumi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To understand the growing phenomena of new vocabulary on nationwide online social media, we analyzed monthly word count time series extracted from approximately 1 billion Japanese blog articles from 2007 to 2019. In particular, we first introduced the extended logistic equation by adding one parameter to the original equation and showed that the model can consistently reproduce various patterns of actual growth curves, such as the logistic function, linear growth, and finite-time divergence. Second, by analyzing the model parameters, we found that the typical growth pattern is not only a logistic function, which often appears in various complex systems, but also a nontrivial growth curve that starts with an exponential function and asymptotically approaches a power function without a steady state. Furthermore, we observed a connection between the functional form of growth and the peak-out. Finally, we showed that the proposed model and statistical properties are also valid for Google Trends data (English, French, Spanish, and Japanese), which is a time series of the nationwide popularity of search queries.
Early Illustrations of Geste Antagoniste in Cervical and Generalized Dystonia
Creators: name: Broussolle, Emmanuel
name: Laurencin, Chloé
name: Bernard, Emilien
name: Thobois, Stéphane
name: Danaila, Teodor
name: Krack, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: Medical sciences
subject: History

description: Background: Geste antagoniste, or sensory trick, is a voluntary maneuver that temporarily reduces the severity of dystonic postures or movements. We present a historical review of early reports and illustrations of geste antagoniste.

Results: In 1894, Brissaud described this phenomenon in Paris in patients with torticollis. He noted that a violent muscular contraction could be reversed by a minor voluntary action. He considered the improvement obtained by what he called “simple mannerisms, childish behaviour or fake pathological movements” was proof of the psychogenic origin of what he named mental torticollis. This concept was supported by photographical illustrations of the patients. The term geste antagoniste was used by Brissaud’s pupils, Meige and Feindel, in their 1902 monograph on movement disorders. Other reports and illustrations of this sign were published in Europe between 1894 and 1906. Although not mentioned explicitly, geste antagoniste was also illustrated in a case report of generalized dystonia in Oppenheim’s 1911 seminal description of dystonia musculorum deformans in Berlin.

Discussion: Brissaud-Meige’s misinterpretation of the geste antagoniste unfortunately anchored the psychogenic origin of dystonia for decades. In New York, Herz brought dystonia back into the realm of organic neurology in 1944. Thereafter, it was given prominence by other authors, notably Fahn and Marsden in the 1970–1980s. Nowadays, neurologists routinely investigate for geste antagoniste when a dystonic syndrome is suspected, because it provides a further argument in favor of dystonia. The term alleviating maneuver was proposed in 2014 to replace sensory trick or geste antagoniste. This major sign is now part of the motor phenomenology of the 2013 Movement Disorder Society’s classification of dystonia.
Spreading of ultrarelativistically expanding shell: an application to GRBs
Creators: name: Ruffini, R.
name: Siutsou, I. A.
name: Vereshchagin, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically thick energy dominated plasma created in the source of Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) expands radially with acceleration and forms a shell with constant width measured in the laboratory frame. When strong Lorentz factor gradients are present within the shell it is supposed to spread at sufficiently large radii. There are two possible mechanisms of spreading: hydrodynamical and thermal ones. We consider both mechanisms evaluating the amount of spreading that occurs during expansion up to the moment when the expanding shell becomes transparent for photons. We compute the hydrodynamical spreading of an ultrarelativistically expanding shell. In the case of thermal spreading we compute the velocity spread as a function of two parameters: comoving temperature and bulk Lorentz factor of relativistic Maxwellian distribution. Based on this result we determine the value of thermal spreading of relativistically expanding shell. We found that thermal spreading is negligible for typical GRB parameters. Instead hydrodynamical spreading appears to be significant, with the shell width reaching $\sim10^{10}$ cm for total energy $E=10^{54}$ erg and baryonic loading $B=10^{-2}$. Within the fireshell model such spreading will result in the duration of Proper Gamma-Ray Bursts up to several seconds.
description: Final version
Demographics of Sloan Digital Sky Survey galaxies along the Hubble sequence
Creators: name: Oh, Kyuseok
name: Choi, Hyunseop
name: Kim, Hong-Geun
name: Moon, Jun-Sung
name: Yi, Sukyoung K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the statistical properties of a volume-limited sample of 7,429 nearby (z = 0.033 - 0.044) galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey Data Release 7. Our database includes morphology distribution as well as the structural and spectroscopic properties of each morphology type based on the recent re-measurements of spectral line strengths by Oh and collaborators (2011). Our database does not include galaxies that are apparently smaller and flatter, because morphology classification of them turned out to be difficult. Our statistics confirmed the up-to-date knowledge of galaxy populations, e.g., correlations between morphology and line strengths as well as the derived ages, etc. We hope that this database will be useful as a reference.
description: Accepted for publication in AJ. 20 pages, 21 figures, 6 tables. 1 machine-readable table to appear online
Common resistance mechanisms are deployed by plants against sap-feeding herbivorous insects: insights from a meta-analysis and systematic review
Creators: name: Leybourne, D.J.
name: Aradottir, G.I.
Publisher: name: [London] : Macmillan Publishers Limited, part of Springer Nature
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Animals
subject: Feeding Behavior
subject: Herbivory
subject: Insecta
subject: Plants
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::600 | Technik

description: Despite their abundance and economic importance, the mechanism of plant resistance to sap-feeding insects remains poorly understood. Here we deploy meta-analysis and data synthesis methods to evaluate the results from electrophysiological studies describing feeding behaviour experiments where resistance mechanisms were identified, focussing on studies describing host-plant resistance and non-host resistance mechanisms. Data were extracted from 108 studies, comprising 41 insect species across eight insect taxa and 12 host-plant families representing over 30 species. Results demonstrate that mechanisms deployed by resistant plants have common consequences on the feeding behaviour of diverse insect groups. We show that insects feeding on resistant plants take longer to establish a feeding site and have their feeding duration suppressed two-fold compared with insects feeding on susceptible plants. Our results reveal that traits contributing towards resistant phenotypes are conserved across plant families, deployed against taxonomically diverse insect groups, and that the underlying resistance mechanisms are conserved. These findings provide a new insight into plant–insect interaction and highlight the need for further mechanistic studies across diverse taxa.
Clinical manifestations of dengue in relation to dengue serotype and genotype in Malaysia: A retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Low, Gary
Publisher: name: Torrens University Australia
Year: 2022
Subjects: Social determinants of health

description: Background: Malaysia experienced an unprecedented dengue outbreak from the year 2014 to 2016 that resulted in an enormous increase in the number of cases and mortality as compared to previous years. The causes that attribute to a dengue outbreak can be multifactorial. Viral factors, such as dengue serotype and genotype, are the components of interest in this study. Although only a small number of studies investigated the association between the serotype of dengue virus and clinical manifestations, none of these studies included analyses on dengue genotypes. The present study aims to investigate dengue serotype and genotype-specific clinical characteristics among dengue fever and severe dengue cases from two Malaysian tertiary hospitals between 2014 and mid-2017. Methodology and principal findings: A total of 120 retrospective dengue serum specimens were subjected to serotyping and genotyping by Taqman Real-Time RT-PCR, sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. Subsequently, the dengue serotype and genotype data were statistically analyzed for 101 of 120 corresponding patients’ clinical manifestations to generate a descriptive relation between the genetic components and clinical outcomes of dengue infected patients. During the study period, predominant dengue serotype and genotype were found to be DENV 1 genotype I. Additionally, non-severe clinical manifestations were commonly observed in patients infected with DENV 1 and DENV 3. Meanwhile, patients with DENV 2 infection showed significant warning signs and developed severe dengue (p = 0.007). Cases infected with DENV 2 were also commonly presented with persistent vomiting (p = 0.010), epigastric pain (p = 0.018), plasma leakage (p = 0.004) and shock (p = 0.038). Moreover, myalgia and arthralgia were highly prevalent among DENV 3 infection (p = 0.015; p = 0.014). The comparison of genotype-specific clinical manifestations showed that DENV 2 Cosmopolitan was significantly common among severe dengue patients. An association was also found between genotype I of DENV 3 and myalgia. In a similar vein, genotype III of DENV 3 was significantly common among patients with arthralgia. Conclusion: The current data contended that different dengue serotype and genotype had caused distinct clinical characteristics in infected patients.
Did the “Woman in the Attic” in Jane Eyre Have Huntington Disease?
Creators: name: Coon, Elizabeth A.
name: Hassan, Anhar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: Medical sciences
subject: Literature

description: Background: References to neurologic disorders are frequently found in fictional literature and may precede description in the medical literature.

Aim: Our aim was to compare Charlotte Brontë’s depiction of Bertha Mason in Jane Eyre to the tenets set forth in George Huntington’s original essay “On chorea” with the hypothesis that Mason was displaying features of Huntington disease.

Results: Charlotte Brontë’s 1847 Victorian novel Jane Eyre features the character Bertha Mason, who is portrayed with a progressive psychiatric illness, violent movements, and possible cognitive decline. Similar to Huntington’s tenets, Mason has a disorder with a strong family history suggestive of autosomal dominant inheritance with onset in adulthood, and culminating in suicide.

Conclusion: Brontë’s character had features of Huntington disease as originally described by Huntington. Brontë’s keen characterization may have increased awareness of treatment of neuropsychiatric patients in the Victorian era.
title: Dr. Sam. Hahnemanns Heilung der asiatischen Cholera und Schützung vor derselben; 1831
title: (Cöthen den 16. Sept. 1831)
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hahnemann, Samuel
Publisher: name: Universitätsbibliothek der Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München
Year: 2010

description: In Fraktur
Dynamic deployment of the Ophidia HPDA framework on HPC and Cloud environments
Creators: name: Elia, Donatello
name: Fiore, Sandro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Presentation about "Dynamic deployment of the Ophidia HPDA framework on HPC and Cloud environments" given by D. Elia at the session on "Combined use of HPC, Cloud and HTC systems" of the "EGI Conference 2020", 2-5 November 2020
Entanglement in S states of two-electron quantum dots with Coulomb impurities at the center
Creators: name: Koscik, Przemyslaw
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a system of two Coulombically interacting electrons in an external harmonic potential in the presence of an on-centre Coulomb impurity. Detailed results for the dependencies of the reduced von Neumann entropy on the control parameters of the system are provided for both the ground state and the triplet S states with the lowest energy. Among other features, it is found that in the weak confinement regime the entanglement is strongly affected by the presence of an acceptor impurity.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Benign Hereditary Chorea: An Update
Creators: name: Peall, Kathryn J.
name: Kurian, Manju A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: Medical sciences

description: Benign hereditary chorea (BHC) is a childhood-onset, hyperkinetic movement disorder normally with little progression of motor symptoms into adult life. The disorder is caused by mutations to the NKX2.1 (TITF1) gene and also forms part of the “brain–lung–thyroid syndrome”, in which additional developmental abnormalities of lung and thyroid tissue are observed. In this review, we summarize the main clinical findings in “classical” BHC syndrome and discuss more recently reported atypical features, including non-choreiform movement phenotypes. We highlight additional non-motor characteristics such as cognitive impairment and psychiatric symptoms, while discussing the evidence for BHC as a developmental disorder involving impaired neural migration and other multisystem developmental abnormalities. Finally, we will discuss the efficacy of available therapies in both affected pediatric and adult cohorts. Delineation of the BHC disease spectrum will no doubt expand our understanding of this disorder, facilitating better targeting of genetic testing and establish a framework for future clinical trials.
Making sense of changing work by exploring the object of work
Creators: name: ALA-LAURINAHO, Arja
name: KURKI, Anna-Leena
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: We present a case of a large expert organization with several organizational and
technical changes and investigate how these changes affected daily work of advisors. We focus on the systemic and expansive features of the changes, using activity theoretical approach in the analysis. The case proves the systemic nature of change: the organizationlevel changes radically changed the object of work of the advisors, and the single changes were in dynamic relation to each other. The collective conceptualizing and sense-making of the changing object opened up expansive ideas to develop the future activity.
Distance management – a challenge in participatory interventions in virtual organizations
Creators: name: IPSEN, Christine
name: GISH, Liv
name: POULSEN, Signe
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: Virtual organizations challenge the first line managers as they have to be able to
manage from afar as distance managers. Investigating distance management in
participatory multi-level interventions this paper presents a case study of four SMEs which have applied the multi-level participatory PoWRS program (Prevention of Work-Related Stress) over a six month period. Interviews were conducted with employees, in-house process facilitators, project managers and first line managers. The results show that distance managers are even more challenged in interventions especially regarding coordination of activities and ensuring commitment.
Tremors and Klinefelter’s Syndrome
Creators: name: Rabin, Marcie L.
name: Jabbari, Bahman
name: Mittal, Shivam O.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Klinefelter’s syndrome (KS) has been associated with tremor, but reports on tremor phenomenology and treatment are limited.
Case Reports: Patient 1 is a 17‐year‐old male with a dystonic tremor treated with deep brain stimulation (DBS). Patient 2 is a 57‐year‐old male with a predominant left hand resting tremor and dystonic features.
Discussion: Our cases suggest that the tremor in patients with KS may be dystonic in nature. Patient 1 is also the third reported case of successful treatment with DBS. These cases have implications for elucidating the underlying neurobiological mechanism of tremor and identifying treatment options.
The Force Balance of Electrons During Kinetic Anti-parallel Magnetic Reconnection
Creators: name: Egedal, J.
name: Gurram, H.
name: Greess, S.
name: Daughton, W.
name: Lê, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully kinetic simulations are applied to the study of 2D anti-parallel reconnection, elucidating the dynamics by which the electron fluid maintains force balance within both the electron diffusion region (EDR) and the ion diffusion region (IDR). Inside the IDR, magnetic field-aligned electron pressure anisotropy ($p_{e\parallel}\gg p_{e\perp})$ develops upstream of the EDR. Compared to previous investigations, the use of modern computer facilities allows for simulations at the natural proton to electron mass ratio $m_i/m_e=1836$. In this high-$m_i/m_e$-limit the electron dynamics changes qualitatively, as the electron inflow to the EDR is enhanced and mainly driven by the anisotropic pressure. Using a coordinate system with the $x$-direction aligned with the reconnecting magnetic field and the $y$-direction aligned with the central current layer, it is well-known that for the much studied 2D laminar anti-parallel and symmetric scenario the reconnection electric field at the $X$-line must be balanced by the $\partial p_{exy}/ \partial x$ and $\partial p_{eyz}/ \partial z$ off-diagonal electron pressure stress components. We find that the electron anisotropy upstream of the EDR imposes large values of $\partial p_{exy}/ \partial x$ within the EDR, and along the direction of the reconnection $X$-line this stress cancels with the stress of a previously determined theoretical form for $\partial p_{eyz}/ \partial z$. The electron frozen-in law is instead broken by pressure tensor gradients related to the direct heating of the electrons by the reconnection electric field. The reconnection rate is free to adjust to the value imposed externally by the plasma dynamics at larger scales.
description: Submitted to Physics of Plasmas, 11 October 2022
The study of fatigue compared between touch screen and keypad mobile phone for use social network
Creators: name: SUMALEE, Buensanteai
name: PIRUTCHADA, Musikapong
name: KHANIDTHA, Mevasana
name: KIATTISAK, Butsungnoen
name: SUPATTRA, Ruangram
name: RATREE, Khongpolpan
name: SUPASINEE, Petburi
name: KWANCHANOK, Sompan
Publisher: name: CPH Conference : 11th International Symposium on Human Factors in Organisational Design and Management
Year: 2014

description: This aims of study to investigate and survey fatigue from use of social network
between touch screen and keypad mobile phone with Public Health student Suranaree University of Technology total 614 person. They were screened by eye diseases, wrist injury. thumb and finger injury and other people do not use mobile social network. That separate 2 sample group for keypad and touch-screen mobile phone 30 person per group. The result compared before and after use of all mobile phones use social network with continue period of two hours . The data analyzed by Paired sample-t test showed that the force of the hand and the pressure of the finger decreases with significance P-Value 0.05. The eye strain test result before and after use keypad and touch screen mobile phone in range 0.5-6.0 Hz total of 27 and 25 person respectively. That analyzed by Paired sample-t test showed that eye strain increased with significant P-Value 0.05. The compared result of the wrist strength and the finger pressure by mobile phone type with Two independent sample T test showed that the results with keypad mobile phone are increase more than touch screen mobile phone with significant at the P-Value 0.05.
The Up-Shot of Inelastic Down-Scattering at CDMS-Si
Creators: name: Frandsen, Mads T.
name: Shoemaker, Ian M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dark matter that inelastically scatters and de-excites in direct detection experiments, as an interpretation of the CDMS-Si events in light of the recent LUX data. The constraints from LUX and XENON10 require the mass-splitting between the DM excited and de-excited states to be $|δ| \gtrsim 50$ keV. At the same time, the CDMS-Si data itself do not allow for a consistent DM interpretation for mass splittings larger than $|δ| \sim $200 keV. We find that a low threshold analysis will be needed to rule out this interpretation of the CDMS-Si events. In a simple model with a kinetically mixed dark photon, we show that the CDMS-Si rate and the thermal relic abundance can both be accommodated.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures; updated to match PRD version
Nine Years with Munchausen Syndrome: A Case of Psychogenic Dystonia
Creators: name: Cakmak, Mirac A.
name: Sahin, Sevki
name: Cinar, Nilgun
name: Tiyekli, Utkan
name: Karsidag, Sibel
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine

description: Background: Munchausen syndrome presenting with psychogenic dystonia is a rare condition.
Phenomenology Shown: A psychogenic dystonia case presenting with an acute onset of retrocollis, lower limb dystonia and bizarre gait was diagnosed as Munchausen syndrome.
Educational Value: Recognizing psychogenic dystonia avoids unnecessary investigations and provides successful treatment.
Chorea: A Journey through History
Creators: name: Vale, Thiago Cardoso
name: Cardoso, Francisco
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Medical sciences
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Medicine
subject: History

description: The original descriptions of chorea date from the Middle Ages, when an epidemic of “dancing mania” swept throughout Europe. The condition was initially considered a curse sent by a saint, but was named “Saint Vitus’s dance” because afflicted individuals were cured if they touched churches storing Saint Vitus’s relics. Paracelsus coined the term chorea Sancti Viti and recognized different forms of chorea (imaginativa, lasciva, and naturalis). In the 17th century, Thomas Sydenham provided an accurate description of what he termed chorea minor. He also described rheumatic fever but did not associate it with chorea. It was only in 1850 that See established a relationship between chorea and rheumatic disease. A connection with cardiac involvement was soon recognized and in 1866 Roger postulated that chorea, arthritis, and heart disease had a common cause. The last quarter of the 19th century is marked by the works of Jean‐Martin Charcot, Silas Weir Mitchell, William Osler, and William Richard Gowers, all of paramount importance in the refinement of the definition of chorea, its causes, and differential diagnosis. In 1841, Charles Oscar Waters gave a concise account of a syndrome, likely to be Huntington’s disease (HD), later described further by George Huntington and named after him. In 1955, the Venezuelan physician Americo Negrette published a book describing communities in the State of Zulia in Venezuela, with unusual numbers of individuals with chorea. Negrette’s works culminated in the creation of the Venezuela project and the subsequent discovery of seminal findings in HD. We review the historical facts and outstanding physicians that mark both HD and Sydenham’s chorea’s history in various sections.