Epipedus histrio Spinola 1837
Creators: name: Lupoli, Roland
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Curculionidae
Epipedus
Epipedus histrio

description: Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837
Epipedus histrio Spinola, 1837: 315 –316; Rolston, 1987: 69 –70; Grazia & Campos, 2010
Material examined (n: 1). Brazil, Rio de Janeiro (Corcovado Mountain): 1961, 1 ♀ Alvarenga & Seabra leg. (UFPR) (Fig. 1 C).
Measurements. Total length: 11.6 mm; pronotum width: 7.1 mm; abdomen width: 8.2 mm; head length: 1.3 mm; head width across the eyes: 2.2 mm; pronotum length: 2.2 mm; antennomers I: 0.7 mm; II: 3.1 mm; other antennomers are missing. Measurements were performed on photos digitalized with a precision scale, by expanding, measuring and comparing them on a computer screen. Spinola mentioned a body length of 5 lines, i.e. 11.3 mm and a width of 3.5 lines, i.e. 7.9 mm, and Rolston a body length of 12.2 mm, a width of 8.5 mm. and the following lengths of antennomers: I: 0.8 mm, II: 3.6 mm, III: 2.6 mm, IV: 2.5 mm.
Diagnosis. Global dorsal color mostly rufous with eight contrasting brownish yellow spots bordered by black lines (Fig. 1 C). Clypeus and vertex brownish yellow, bordered on each side by a black line. Mandibular plates rufous and reflexed along lateral margins, converging over clypeus apically. Clypeus slightly longer than mandibular plates. Antennomers I and II rufous. Spinola (1837) stated that antennomers II are longer than antennomers III and this was confirmed by Rolston (1987). Distal tenth of antennomers II fuscous. Antennomers I surpassing apex of head. Anterolateral margins of the pronotum convex. Pronotum with extensive rufous markings and concolorous punctures partially enclosed in V-shaped black lines, forming three V-shaped brownish yellow spots. Scutellum flat, mostly rufous with concolorous punctation. Impunctate brownish yellow macule covering most of the mesial half of the scutellar base. At the base of the scutellum on each side, macule and border along most of frenal margins brownish yellow, much of this border outlined in black. Median brownish yellow impunctate carina, starting from the basal tumescence and then disappearing before the apex. Corium greyish rufous with black deep punctations uniformly distributed, except in a large brownish yellow impunctate spot bordered by a black line in the apical part of exocorium and mesocorium, and in a rufous impunctate area in central mesocorium. Distal part of the corium surrounded by a narrow black submarginal line. Costal margin of each corium strongly reflexed basally, posterior margin sigmoid, costal angle acute. Connexivum yellow, impunctate, slightly exposed, less than half as broad as exocorium. Venter greyish yellow as well as legs. All tibiae broadly, shallowly sulcate apically otherwise cylindrical (right protibia and left metatibia visible in Fig. 1 C) as mentioned by Spinola (1837). Female genital plates with distal ends of the laterotergites 8 & 9 forming acute angles (Fig. 2 B).
Comments: The description by Spinola (1837) of colorful patterns and markings on the dorsal side of E. histrio are consistent with the descriptions and drawings (Fig. 1 B) by Rolston (1987) and the specimen of UFPR (Fig. 1 C). Spinola wrote that head, pronotum, scutellum and cories are scarlet red with some yellowish-white spots. He mentioned three yellowish-white triangular spots bordered with black on the pronotum. These spots are not easy to see on the black and white figure of Rolston (Fig. 1 B) although they are clearly visible and contrasted in the specimen of UFPR (Fig. 1 C). This specimen has dimensions and shape of the body similar to those observed by Spinola and Rolston. Spinola mentioned that the first antennomer is reddish in color and that the others are yellowish with a black spot at the tip. This is the case for the specimen of UFPR (Fig. 1 C) for antennomers I and II. On the other hand, the female genital plates of this specimen (Fig. 2 B) are very similar to those of the specimen in the Rolston drawing (Fig. 2A) particularly the acute shapes of laterotergites 8 & 9.
Distribution. BRAZIL, Rio de Janeiro.
description: Published as part of Lupoli, Roland, 2016, Diagnosis of Calagasma Bergroth and Epipedus Spinola with description of Calagasma eclipsa sp. nov. and Epipedus rolstoni sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Heteroptera: Pentatomidae: Pentatominae: Carpocorini), pp. 330-338 in Zootaxa 4170 (2) on pages 331-332, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4170.2.6, http://zenodo.org/record/260743