cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Communication of biopsy results: a breast radiologist task?
Creators: name: VITALE, Valerio Arcangelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Prospective
subject: Quality assurance
subject: Education and training
subject: Cancer
subject: Vacuum assisted biopsy
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Biopsy
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Percutaneous
subject: Mammography
subject: Professional issues
subject: Management
subject: Breast

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The usual radiologist practice is not involving facing patients; breast imaging takes exception, its model makes the relationship between radiologist and patient a paramount of the daily routine. In the “Centro di Senologia della Svizzera...
Influence of temperature fluctuations on continuum spectra of cosmic objects
Creators: name: Silant'ev, N. A.
name: Alekseeva, G. A.
name: Novikov, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The presence of convective and turbulent motions, and the evolution of magnetic fields give rise to existence of temperature fluctuations in stellar atmospheres, active galactic nuclei and other cosmic objects. We observe the time and surface averaged radiation fluxes from these objects. These fluxes depend on both the mean temperature and averaged temperature fluctuations. The usual photosphere models do not take into account the temperature fluctuations and use only the distribution of the mean temperature into surface layers of stars. We investigate how the temperature fluctuations change the spectra in continuum assuming that the degree of fluctuations (the ratio of mean temperature fluctuation to the mean temperature) is small. We suggest the procedure of calculation of continuum spectra, which takes into account the temperature fluctuations. As a first step one uses the usual model of a photosphere without fluctuations. The observed spectrum is presented as a part depending on mean temperature and the additional part proportional to quadratic value of fluctuation degree. It is shown that for some forms of absorption factor the additional part in Wien's region of spectrum can be evaluated directly from observed spectrum. This part depends on the first and second wavelength derivatives, which can be calculated numerically from the observed spectrum. Our estimates show that the temperature dependence of absorption factors is very important by calculation of continuum spectra corrections. As the examples we present the estimates for a few stars from Pulkovo spectrophotometric catalog and for the Sun. The influence of temperature fluctuations on color indices of observed cosmic objects is also investigated.
description: 22 pages, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in Astrophysics & Space Science
Assessment of crime at c-train stations
Creators: name: Azad, Abul Kalam
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 94-98
description: In recent decades, there is immense interest m studying the social and physical contributors to crime in LRT (C-Train in Calgary) station settings and linking public mass transit to increase in community crime. This study explores the relationships between the social/physical characteristics of a transit environment and CTrian station crime in the Calgary context. Through descriptive statistical analysis and regression modelling, this study investigates the impacts of socioeconomic and physical variables of environment on C-Train station crimes. The main research premise attempts to identify the independent variables associated with person, property and vehicle related crime at C-Train stations. The study area comprises the twenty six C-Train stations along the Northwest, Northeast and South lines of the Calgary LRT system. Analysis of the regression results showed that four variables were able to collectively explain 79% of the variability of person crime. These variables include bus stops at stations, commercial and industrial land use, household income group 40,000-59,999 and housing density. Two independent variables, bus stops at stations and commercial and industrial land use, were able to collectively explain 72% of the variability of property related crime. In addition, two variables (the number of parking stalls at C-Train stations and commercial and industrial land use) were found to be statistically significant, explaining 69% percent of the variability of vehicle crime. The implementation of new transit station often raises concerns that such new stations may increase crime rates in station communities. This study also examines the effects of new C-Train stations in Calgary on adjacent communities' crime. A piecewise regression model is developed to evaluate the impact of the opening of a station on crimes in the station communities. To study about new station's impact to community crime, we have seen vehicle type of crime increase during the opening of station at McKnight and Somerset stations. However, they did not continue to increase after that point. Use of statistical analysis and models can aid to the policy making process of planning and designing safe C-Train stations. Further research in this field is required to verify more potential crime attributes and their relationship to public transit environments.
Quantum phases of hardcore bosons with long-range interactions on a square lattice
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Daisuke
name: Masaki, Akiko
name: Danshita, Ippei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the ground-state phase diagrams of hardcore bosons with long-range interactions on a square lattice using the linear spin-wave theory and a cluster mean-field method. Specifically, we consider the two types of long-range interaction: One consists only of the nearest- and next-nearest-neighbor interactions, and the other is the dipole-dipole interaction that decays with the interparticle distance $r$ as $\sim r^{-3}$. It is known from previous analyses by quantum Monte Carlo methods that a checkerboard supersolid (CSS) is absent in the ground-state phase diagram of the former case while it is present in the latter. In the former, we find that quantum fluctuations around mean-field solutions are enhanced by the direct competition between the checkerboard and striped solid orders and that they destabilize the CSS phase. On the other hand, the emergence of the CSS phase in the latter case can be attributed to the absence of such a competition with other solid orders. We also show that the cluster mean-field method allows for the determination of phase boundaries in a precise quantitative manner when scaling with respect to the cluster size is taken into account. It is found that the phase transition between the superfluid and the solid (or CSS) is of the first order in the vicinity of the particle-hole symmetric line.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, 1 table
High Levels of Adherence and Viral Suppression in a Nationally Representative Sample of HIV-Infected Adults on Antiretroviral Therapy for 6, 12 and 18 Months in Rwanda
Creators: name: Elul, Batya O.
name: Basinga, Paulin
name: Nuwagaba-Biribonwoha, Harriet
name: Saito, Suzue
name: Horowitz, Deborah
name: Nash, Denis
name: Mugabo, Jules
name: Mugisha, Veronicah
name: Rugigana, Etienne
name: Nkunda, Richard
name: Asiimwe, Anita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Epidemiology
Public health
Medicine

description: Background: Generalizable data are needed on the magnitude and determinants of adherence and virological suppression among patients on antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Africa.
Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional survey with chart abstraction, patient interviews and site assessments in a nationally representative sample of adults on ART for 6, 12 and 18 months at 20 sites in Rwanda. Adherence was assessed using 3- and 30-day patient recall. A systematically selected sub-sample had viral load (VL) measurements. Multivariable logistic regression examined predictors of non-perfect (less than 100%) 30-day adherence and detectable VL (greater than 40 copies/ml).
Results: Overall, 1,417 adults were interviewed and 837 had VL measures. Ninety-four percent and 78% reported perfect adherence for the last 3 and 30 days, respectively. Eighty-three percent had undetectable VL. In adjusted models, characteristics independently associated with higher odds of non-perfect 30-day adherence were: being on ART for 18 months (vs. 6 months); younger age; reporting severe (vs. no or few) side effects in the prior 30 days; having no documentation of CD4 cell count at ART initiation (vs. having a CD4 cell count of less than 200 cells/µL); alcohol use; and attending sites which initiated ART services in 2003–2004 and 2005 (vs. 2006–2007); sites with ≥600 (vs. less than 600 patients) on ART; or sites with peer educators. Participation in an association for people living with HIV/AIDS; and receiving care at sites which regularly conduct home-visits were independently associated with lower odds of non-adherence. Higher odds of having a detectable VL were observed among patients at sites with peer educators. Being female; participating in an association for PLWHA; and using a reminder tool were independently associated with lower odds of having detectable VL.
Conclusions: High levels of adherence and viral suppression were observed in the Rwandan national ART program, and associated with potentially modifiable factors.
Towards energy resolution at the statistical limit from a negative ion time projection chamber
Creators: name: Sorensen, Peter
name: Heffner, Mike
name: Bernstein, Adam
name: Renner, Josh
name: Sweany, Melinda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make a proof-of-principle demonstration that improved energy resolution can be obtained in a negative-ion time projection chamber, by individually counting each electron produced by ionizing radiation.
description: Submitted to Nucl. Instr. Meth. A
Sequential Monte Carlo with Cross-validated Neural Networks for Complexity of Hyperbolic Black Hole Solutions in 4D
Creators: name: Hatefi, Armin
name: Hatefi, Ehsan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper investigates the self-similar solutions of the Einstein-axion-dilaton configuration from type IIB string theory and the global SL(2,R) symmetry. We consider the Continuous Self Similarity (CSS), where the scale transformation is controlled by an SL(2, R) boost or hyperbolic translation. The solutions stay invariant under the combination of space-time dilation with internal SL(2,R) transformations. We develop a new formalism based on Sequential Monte Carlo (SMC) and artificial neural networks (NNs) to estimate the self-similar solutions to the equations of motion in the hyperbolic class in four dimensions. Due to the complex and highly nonlinear patterns, researchers typically have to use various constraints and numerical approximation methods to estimate the equations of motion; thus, they have to overlook the measurement errors in parameter estimation. Through a Bayesian framework, we incorporate measurement errors into our models to find the solutions to the hyperbolic equations of motion. It is well known that the hyperbolic class suffers from multiple solutions where the critical collapse functions have overlap domains for these solutions. To deal with this complexity, for the first time in literature on the axion-dilaton system, we propose the SMC approach to obtain the multi-modal posterior distributions. Through a probabilistic perspective, we confirm the deterministic $α$ and $β$ solutions available in the literature and determine all possible solutions that may occur due to measurement errors. We finally proposed the penalized Leave-One-Out Cross-validation (LOOCV) to combine the Bayesian NN-based estimates optimally. The approach enables us to determine the optimum weights while dealing with the co-linearity issue in the NN-based estimates and better predict the critical functions corresponding to multiple solutions of the equations of motion.
description: V2, Clarifications in sections 3.1 are added. Accepted version in The European Physical Journal C
Monogamy properties of quantum and classical correlations
Creators: name: Giorgi, Gian Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast with entanglement, as measured by concurrence, in general, quantum discord does not possess the property of monogamy, that is, there is no tradeoff between the quantum discord shared by a pair of subsystems and the quantum discord that both of them can share with a third party. Here, we show that, as far as monogamy is considered, quantum discord of pure states is equivalent to the entanglement of formation. This result allows one to analytically prove that none of the pure three-qubit states belonging to the subclass of W states is monogamous. A suitable physical interpretation of the meaning of the correlation information as a quantifier of monogamy for the total information is also given. Finally, we prove that, for rank 2 two-qubit states, discord and classical correlations are bounded from above by single-qubit von Neumann entropies.
Education in a "Job Ladder" Model and the Fairness-in-Hiring Rule
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Srinivasan, T. N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1977
Subjects: Economics

description: The paper constructs a general equilibrium model of education which is distinguished by a "job ladder" or sticky wages, combined with the assumption that educated labor is preferred over uneducated labor, i.e. per a "fairness-in-hiring" rule, when there is excess demand for jobs at given wages. This theory of education, considered to be relevant to liberal arts education in underdeveloped countries, is contrasted with the human capital doctrine and the Arrow-Spence screening theories. The analysis is mainly focused on examining the social inefficiency properties of the educational process captured in the model constructed.
On the motion of particles in covariant Horava-Lifshitz gravity and the meaning of the A-field
Creators: name: Abdalla, Elcio
name: da Silva, Alan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the low energy motion of particles in the general covariant version of Horava-Lifshitz gravity proposed by Horava and Melby-Thompson. Using a scalar field coupled to gravity according to the minimal substitution recipe proposed by da Silva and taking the geometrical optics limit, we could write an effective relativistic metric for a general solution. As a result, we discovered that the equivalence principle is not in general recovered at low energies, unless the spatial Laplacian of A vanishes. Finally, we analyzed the motion on the spherical symmetric solution proposed by Horava and Melby-Thompson, where we could find its effective line element and compute spin-0 geodesics. Using standard methods we have shown that such an effective metric cannot reproduce Newton's gravity law even in the weak gravitational field approximation.
description: New result about equivalence principle added, improved discussion and typos corrected. Version to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Sistemática y migración vertical diurna de 39 especies de Tintídos en la isla de Todos Santos, Baja California, México, en el verano de 1987
Creators: name: Ayala Cortes, Maria Antonieta.
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: QL368 .T55 A93

description: Los Tintínidos fueron estudiados en La Isla Mayor de Todos Santos, Ensenada, B. C.
DEP Bulletin:Volume 37 Issue 2
Creators: name: No Name Supplied
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2013

description: The DEP bulletin is a semi-monthly publication of the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. It contains a list of construction permit applications recently filed or acted upon by the Department along with a calendar of events of interest, a schedule of public hearings, and Environmental Impact Statements acted upon during the period.
title: What the breast surgeon needs: the radial breast wire localization.
Creators: name: VITALE, Valerio Arcangelo
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Not applicable
subject: Outcomes
subject: Cancer
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Surgery
subject: Localisation
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Oncology
subject: Interventional non-vascular
subject: Breast

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To illustrate technique and rationale to best support the surgeon in the preoperative planning for conservative oncoplastic surgery of non-palpable lesions of the breast. The radial breast wire localization may be helpful when a peri-areolar...
A Model For Polarised Microwave Foreground Emission From Interstellar Dust
Creators: name: O'Dea, D. T.
name: Clark, C. N.
name: Contaldi, C. R.
name: MacTavish, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The upcoming generation of cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments face a major challenge in detecting the weak cosmic B-mode signature predicted as a product of primordial gravitational waves. To achieve the required sensitivity these experiments must have impressive control of systematic effects and detailed understanding of the foreground emission that will influence the signal. In this paper, we present templates of the intensity and polarisation of emission from one of the main Galactic foregrounds, interstellar dust. These are produced using a model which includes a 3D description of the Galactic magnetic field, examining both large and small scales. We also include in the model the details of the dust density, grain alignment and the intrinsic polarisation of the emission from an individual grain. We present here Stokes parameter template maps at 150GHz and provide an on-line repository (http://www.imperial.ac.uk/people/c.contaldi/fgpol) for these and additional maps at frequencies that will be targeted by upcoming experiments such as EBEX, Spider and SPTpol.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
White dwarf Random Forest classification through Gaia spectral coefficients
Creators: name: García-Zamora, Enrique Miguel
name: Torres, Santiago
name: Rebassa-Mansergas, Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third data release of Gaia has provided approximately 220 million low resolution spectra. Among these, about 100,000 correspond to white dwarfs. The magnitude of this quantity of data precludes the possibility of performing spectral analysis and type determination by human inspection. In order to tackle this issue, we explore the possibility of utilising a machine learning approach, based on a Random Forest algorithm. We aim to analyze the viability of the Random Forest algorithm for the spectral classification of the white dwarf population within 100 pc from the Sun, based on the Hermite coefficients of Gaia spectra. We utilized the assigned spectral type from the Montreal White Dwarf Database for training and testing our Random Forest algorithm. Once validated, our algorithm model is applied to the rest of unclassified white dwarfs within 100 pc. First, we started by classifying the two major spectral type groups of white dwarfs: hydrogen-rich (DA) and hydrogen-deficient (non-DA). Next, we explored the possibility of classifying the various spectral subtypes, including in some cases the secondary spectral types. Our Random Forest classification presented a very high recall (>80%) for DA and DB white dwarfs, and a very high precision (>90%) for DB, DQ and DZ white dwarfs. As a result we have assigned a spectral type to 9,446 previously unclassified white dwarfs: 4,739 DAs, 76 DBs (60 of them DBAs), 4,437 DCs, 132 DZs and 62 DQs (9 of them DQpec). Despite the low resolution of Gaia spectra, the Random Forest algorithm applied to the Gaia spectral coefficients proves to be a highly valuable tool for spectral classification.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures, 3 tables. Submitted to Astronomy & Astrophysics
title: Abdominal vessels: Subtle things to look for before labelling 'normal study'
Creators: name: NEUPANE, NIRMAL PRASAD
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Not applicable
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Education and training
subject: Localisation
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: Ultrasound-Spectral Doppler
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Vascular
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: Abdomen
subject: Vascular

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To learn about the abnormal origin and course of abdominal vessels. To identify subtle change in vessel's course and caliber and correlate them with the presenting symptoms of the...
Grades and Graduation: A Longitudinal Risk Perspective to Identify Student Dropouts
Creators: name: Bowers, Alex J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2010
Subjects: Educational evaluation
Education, Secondary

description: Studies of student risk of school dropout have shown that current predictors of “at-risk” status do not accurately identify a large percentage of students who eventually dropout. Through the analysis of the entire grade 1-12 longitudinal cohort-based grading histories of the class of 2006 for two school districts in the United States, this study extends past longitudinal conceptions of dropout to a longitudinal risk perspective, using survival analysis, life tables and discrete-time hazard modeling to appropriately account for student graduation, transfer or dropout. The risk of dropout began in grade 7, with the most hazardous years at grades 8 and 11. A novel calculation of teacher assigned grades, non-cumulative GPA, is identified as a strong predictor of student dropout.
Dynamic site layout planning
Creators: name: Andayesh, Mohsen
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 106-112.
description: A few pages are in colour.
description: Site layout planning is the task of determining the overall optimum location of site objects such as temporary facilities, storage areas, and workshops on the construction site. To reflect changes in space requirements over time, existing models divide the project duration into consecutive time intervals and generate an optimum layout for each. Hmvever, combining individually optimized layouts does not guarantee an overall globaJ optimum layout. This research presents an innovative dynamic model which is able to generate layouts that are optimized globally over the duration of the project. The model applies energy principles governing a physical system to search for the optimum location of objects. This methodology allows objects with higher impact on the layout to get positioned in more desired locations regardless of the time they enter the site. In addition, objects occupy space for the actual duration that they are required, and accordingly, the saine space can be reused for objects in different periods of time.
Contribution to the diffuse radio background from extragalactic radio sources
Creators: name: Vernstrom, Tessa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: We examine the brightness of the Cosmic Radio Background (CRB) by comparing the contribution from individual source counts to absolute measurements. We use a compilation of radio counts to estimate the contribution of detected sources to the CRB in several different frequency bands. Using a Monte Carlo Markov Chain technique, we estimate the brightness values and uncertainties, paying attention to various sources of systematic error. At n = 150MHz, 325MHz, 408MHz, 610MHz, 1:4GHz, 4:8GHz, and 8:4GHz our calculated contributions to the background sky temperature are 18, 2.8, 1.6, 0.71, 0.11, 0.0032, 0.0059 K, respectively. We then compare our results to absolute measurements from the ARCADE 2 experiment. If the ARCADE 2 measurements are correct and come from sources, then there must be an additional population of radio galaxies, fainter than where current data are probing. More specifically, the Euclidean-normalized counts at 1.4 GHz have to have an additional bump below about 10 μJy. We present preliminary results of investigating this new population by use of signal stacking. By stacking onto a very deep 1:4GHz radio map at source positions determined in the infrared and optical we hope to be able to see evidence of this population that would be too faint to be seen individually. Results are currently inconclusive. Future work will consist of modelling radio luminosity functions and new observations with the Extended VLA to continue to search for what may be causing this excess emission.
title: Use of Fat suppressed proton density and T2 turbo spin echo MR sequences in lung parenchymal diseases
Creators: name: ADIGA, CHAITRA
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Prospective
subject: Infection
subject: Cavitation
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Chest

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: 1. To evaluate fat-suppressed proton density (FSPD) and T2 weighted turbo spin-echo ( T2 TSE ) MR sequences in lung abnormalities. 2. To compare FSPD with T2 TSE MRI sequences using CT as a reference...
Diffraction in time of a confined particle and its Bohmian paths
Creators: name: Mousavi, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Diffraction in time of a particle confined in a box which its walls are removed suddenly at $t=0$ is studied. The solution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation is discussed analytically and numerically for various initial wavefunctions. In each case Bohmian trajectories of the particles are computed and also the mean arrival time at a given location is studied as a function of the initial state.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
title: A pictorial review of Breast Lymphoma.
Creators: name: Veerasuri, Sowmya
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Retrospective
subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Mammography
subject: CT
subject: Breast
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: To describe features of breast lymphoma. To identify any special radiological features attributable to Breast...
Magnetoresistance anomaly during the electrical triggering of a metal-insulator transition
Creators: name: Salev, Pavel
name: Fratino, Lorenzo
name: Sasaki, Dayne
name: Bag, Soumen
name: Takamura, Yayoi
name: Rozenberg, Marcelo
name: Schuller, Ivan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Phase separation naturally occurs in a variety of magnetic materials and it often has a major impact on both electric and magnetotransport properties. In resistive switching systems, phase separation can be created on demand by inducing local switching, which provides an opportunity to tune the electronic and magnetic state of the device by applying voltage. Here we explore the magnetotransport properties in the ferromagnetic oxide (La,Sr)MnO3 (LSMO) during the electrical triggering of an intrinsic metal-insulator transition (MIT) that produces volatile resistive switching. This switching occurs in a characteristic spatial pattern, i.e., the formation of an insulating barrier perpendicular to the current flow, enabling an electrically actuated ferromagnetic-paramagnetic-ferromagnetic phase separation. At the threshold voltage of the MIT triggering, both anisotropic and colossal magnetoresistances exhibit anomalies including a large increase in magnitude and a sign flip. Computational analysis revealed that these anomalies originate from the coupling between the switching-induced phase separation state and the intrinsic magnetoresistance of LSMO. This work demonstrates that driving the MIT material into an out-of-equilibrium resistive switching state provides the means to electrically control of the magnetotransport phenomena.
Exchange-correlation potentials for inhomogeneous electron systems in two dimensions from exact diagonalization: comparison with the local-spin-density approximation
Creators: name: Makkonen, Ilja
name: Ervasti, Mikko M.
name: Kauppila, Ville
name: Harju, Ari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider electronic exchange and correlation effects in density-functional calculations of two-dimensional systems. Starting from wave function calculations of total energies and electron densities of inhomogeneous model systems, we derive corresponding exchange-correlation potentials and energies. We compare these with predictions of the local-spin-density approximation and discuss its accuracy. Our data will be useful as reference data in testing, comparing and parametrizing exchange and correlation functionals for two-dimensional electronic systems.
description: Submitted to Physical Review B on January 3, 2012. Second revised version submitted on April 13, 2012
Strangeness production in neutron star matter
Creators: name: Yong, Gao-Chan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on a dynamical model on particle production, the production and fraction of exotic components in neutron star matter are analyzed. It is found that there exists a small fraction of strangeness in twice saturation density matter. For five times saturation density matter, the fraction of strange baryons can be as high as 25-50\%, depending on the equation of state used. The neutron-proton asymmetry of dense matter does not significantly impact the strangeness fraction in neutron star matter. This research provides new insights into the strange components in neutron stars.
description: Physical Review D - Letter, in production
title: Techniques and disease patterns in paediatric small bowel MRI
Creators: name: McGurk, Simon
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Paediatric
subject: Colon
subject: Paediatric
subject: Small bowel
subject: MR-Enterography
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Dilatation
subject: Fistula
subject: Inflammation
subject: Not applicable
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Learning objectives: Demonstratesmall bowel MRI (SBMRI) in paediatric patients with known or suspected Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Outline why SBMRI is the chosen to investigatesmall bowel Demonstrate SBMRItechniques used in routine practice Show how techniques...
Transient non-isothermal wellbore fluid flow and heat transfer modeling
Creators: name: Bahonar, Mehdi
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2011

description: Bibliography: p. 178-185.
description: Many pages are in colour.
description: Includes a copy of Copyright Permission. Original with original copy of Partial Copyright Licence.
description: The number of sophisticated wells that are annually being drilled in the globe is continuously rising. During the development of wells, modeling and simulation techniques have also grown very fast but they still need further intensive investigations. In the first part of the study, a fast numerical transient non-isothermal multiphase wellbore simulator has been developed and validated through comparisons with field experiments and prediction of other models. Then two important issues related to heat transfer in the wellbore simulation that have received little or no attention in the literature, have been thoroughly analyzed using this thermal wellbore simulator, and its merits for accurate prediction of casing temperature have been demonstrated. The first issue pertains to systematic and rigorous comparisons between some of the existing models for estimating the formation temperature, and the second one deals with the development of new approaches to model the transient heat transfer from the wellbore tubing up to the formation. Appropriate recommendations have been also made in dealing with each issue to achieve higher accuracy for a given wellbore simulation process. In the second part of the study, a fully-implicit non-isothermal coupled wellbore/reservoir model has been developed and validated with analytical models. One of the special features of this simulator that has increased the overall accuracy of the model is the implementation of a strong wellbore heat loss model. This model has emerged as a result of the experiences that have been acquired from previous part. Another feature of this non-isothermal model is that it can be easily downgraded to its equivalent isothermal counterpart. Finally, the developed (isothermal and non-isothermal) simulators have been implemented for a close and detailed study of gas well tests. In particular, thermal effects on the behavior of derivative plots and the sandface flow rate of high-temperature and high-pressure (HTHP) gas reservoirs have been studied. It has been found that if these complicated effects are not recognized properly, the acquired results particularly via analytical models may be misleading or a test may be designed improperly. The developed non-isothermal coupled wellbore/reservoir simulator allows overcoming all these deficiencies.
Geometric magnetism in open quantum systems
Creators: name: Campisi, Michele
name: Denisov, Sergey
name: Hänggi, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An isolated classical chaotic system, when driven by the slow change of several parameters, responds with two reaction forces: geometric friction and geometric magnetism. By using the theory of quantum fluctuation relations we show that this holds true also for open quantum systems, and provide explicit expressions for those forces in this case. This extends the concept of Berry curvature to the realm of open quantum systems. We illustrate our findings by calculating the geometric magnetism of a damped charged quantum harmonic oscillator transported along a path in physical space in presence of a magnetic field and a thermal environment. We find that in this case the geometric magnetism is unaffected by the presence of the heat bath.
description: 7 pages. Signs corrected. v3 Accepted in Phys. Rev. A
Implementación de herramientas de calidad en Polímeros de Ensenada, S.A. de C.V. : camino para el aseguramiento de la calidad y cumplimiento de la satisfacción del cliente /
Creators: name: Gastelum Angulo, Wendy
Publisher: name: Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Ensenada.
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Control de calidad||Producción Calidad total||Ingeniería industrial||Prácticas profesionales
subject: TS156 G38 2006

description: El proyecto se desarrolla en el departamento de calidad en la empresa POLIMEROS DE ENSENADA S.A. de C.V., en donde por medio de la recolección de datos de las pruebas de las características de calidad en las películas de plástico para uso agrícola e industrial.
The Welfare Consequences of Directly Unproductive Profit-Seeking (DUP) Lobbying Activities: Price versus Quantity Distortions
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
name: Srinivasan, T. N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1982
Subjects: Economics

description: This paper is a contribution to the growing literature on the theory of what Bhagwati (1982) has christened the theory of DUP activities. These are activities that use up real resources in making profits (i.e., income) without producing directly or indirectly a "good." They result therefore in the contraction of the availability set defined on goods. For one generic subset of such DUP activities, namely distortion-triggered lobbying activities, the paper establishes asymmetrical propositions on the possibility of such DUP lobbying resulting in a paradoxical improvement of welfare.
Emotional promiscuity : consequences for health and well-being
Creators: name: Jones, Daniel Nelson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Emotional Promiscuity (EP) refers to how easily and often an individual falls in love (Jones, 2011). This dissertation sought to elaborate the construct of EP, validate a questionnaire measure, and investigate the implications of EP for health and well-being. EP is first defined and then conceptually distinguished from relevant variables in the relationships literature such as: romantic idealism, sexual promiscuity, and attachment. A scale to measure EP (the EP scale) was then developed and refined. The process began with the generation of a large pool of items. The items were then narrowed down with a series of principal component and confirmatory factor analyses. From these analyses, the final 10-item Emotional Promiscuity (EP) scale emerged. Its empirical two-facet structure maps onto the two aspects of promiscuity: frequency and ease. A series of survey studies were then conducted to examine the convergent, and discriminant, and criterion validity of the EP scale. The EP scale exhibited modest positive correlations with sexual promiscuity, anxious attachment, borderline personality, and romantic idealism but weak correlations with other, less relevant, relationship variables. The EP scale was also associated with retrospective reports of major relationship outcomes including number of relationships and times engaged to be married. Among women, EP and sexual promiscuity interacted to predict multiple pregnancies from different partners. Two studies then examined the ability of the EP scale to predict emotional infidelity. The EP scale predicted both past reports of emotional infidelity and prospective emotional infidelity using a diary study. The EP scale also had an important health application: High scores on both the EP scale and Sociosexuality Orientation Inventory predicted unprotected sexual partners (for women only). I conclude with an overview and conclusion suggesting future directions and important implications for EP and the EP scale. Taken together, the studies in this dissertation indicate that EP is a viable psychological construct and that the EP scale is a valid and reliable instrument capable of predicting important relationship outcomes.
The Capital Myth
Creators: name: Bhagwati, Jagdish N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1998
Subjects: Economics

description: Argues that the logic of free trade does not apply to currency convertability, as the Asian currency crisis should have made clear. The issue of capital mobility ideology; The downside of free capital mobility in an economic crisis; Interest of Wall Street's financial firms in the world of free capital mobility.
Titans metal-poor reference stars II. Red giants and CEMP stars
Creators: name: Giribaldi, Riano E.
name: Van Eck, Sophie
name: Merle, Thibault
name: Jorissen, Alain
name: Krynski, Pawel
name: Planquart, Lea
name: Valentini, Marica
name: Chiappini, Cristina
name: Van Winckel, Hans
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Representative samples of F-, G-, K-type stars located out of the Solar Neighbourhood has started to be available in spectroscopic surveys. The fraction of metal-poor ([Fe/H]~$\lesssim -0.8$~dex) giants becomes increasingly relevant to far distances. In metal-poor stars, effective temperatures ($T_{\mathrm{eff}}$) based on LTE spectroscopy and on former colour-$T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ relations of still wide use have been reported to be inaccurate. It is necessary to re-calibrate chemical abundances based on these $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ scales in the multiple available surveys to bring them to the same standard scale for their simultaneous use. For that, a complete sample of standards is required, which so far, is restricted to a few stars with quasi-direct $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ measurements. We aim at providing a legacy sample of metal-poor standards with proven accurate atmospheric parameters. We add 47 giants to the sample of metal-poor dwarfs of Giribaldi et al. 2021, thereby constituting the Titans metal-poor reference stars. $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ was derived by 3D non-LTE H$α$ modelling, whose accuracy was tested against interferometry and InfraRed Flux Method (IRFM). Surface gravity (log $g$) was derived by fitting Mg~I~b triplet lines, whose accuracy was tested against asteroseismology. Metallicity was derived using Fe II lines, which was verified to be identical to the [Fe/H] derived from non-LTE spectral synthesis. $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ from 3D non-LTE H$α$ is equivalent to interferometric and IRFM temperatures within a $\pm$46~K uncertainty. We achieved precision of $\sim$50~K for 34 stars with spectra with the highest S/N. For log $g$, we achieved a total uncertainty of $\pm$0.15~dex. For [Fe/H], we obtained a total uncertainty of $\pm$0.09~dex. We find that the ionization equilibrium of Fe lines under LTE is not valid in metal-poor giants.
description: Accepted in A&A
Two-dimensional kinematics of SLACS lenses - IV. The complete VLT-VIMOS data set
Creators: name: Czoske, Oliver
name: Barnabè, Matteo
name: Koopmans, Léon V. E.
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Bolton, Adam S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents the full VLT/VIMOS-IFU data set and related data products from an ESO Large Programme with the observational goal of obtaining two-dimensional kinematic data of early-type lens galaxies, out to one effective radius. The sample consists of 17 early-type galaxies (ETG) selected from the SLACS gravitational-lens survey. The galaxies cover the redshift range from 0.08 to 0.35 and have stellar velocity dispersions between 200 and 350 km/s. This programme is complemented by a similar observational programme on Keck, using long-slit spectroscopy. In combination with multi-band imaging data, the kinematic data provide stringent constraints on the inner mass profiles of ETGs beyond the local universe. Our Large Programme thus extends studies of nearby early-type galaxies (e.g. SAURON/ATLAS3D) by an order of magnitude in distance and toward higher masses. We provide an overview of our observational strategy, the data products (luminosity-weighted spectra and Hubble Space Telescope images) and derived products (i.e. two-dimensional fields of velocity dispersions and streaming motions) that have been used in a number of published and forthcoming lensing, kinematic and stellar-population studies.These studies also pave the way for future studies of early-type galaxies at z=1 with the upcoming extremely large telescopes.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables; typos corrected; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Dielectronic Recombination in Photoionized Gas: The Importance of Fine-structure Core Excitations
Creators: name: Savin, Daniel Wolf
name: Bartsch, T.
name: Chen, M. H.
name: Kahn, S. M.
name: Liedahl, D. A.
name: Linkemann, J.
name: Muller, A.
name: Schippers, S.
name: Schmitt, M.
name: Schwalm, D.
name: Wolf, A.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Ion recombination
Plasma (Ionized gases)
Physics
Astrophysics

description: At the low electron temperatures existing in photoionized gases with cosmic abundances, dielectronic recombination (DR) proceeds primarily via nlj→nl`j` excitations of core electrons (Δn=0 DR). At these temperatures, the dominant DR channel often involves 2p1/2→2p3/2 fine-structure core excitations, which are not included in LS-coupling calculations or the Burgess formula. Using the heavy-ion storage ring at the Max-Planck-Institut für Kernphysik in Heidelberg, Germany, we have verified experimentally for Fe XVIII that DR proceeding via this channel can be significant in relation to other recombination rates, especially at the low temperatures characteristic of photoionized gases. At temperatures in photoionized gases near where Fe XVIII peaks in fractional abundance, our measured Fe XVIII to Fe XVII Δn=0 DR rate coefficient is a factor of ~2 larger than predicted by existing theoretical calculations. We provide a fit to our measured rate coefficient for ionization equilibrium models. We have carried out new fully relativistic calculations using intermediate coupling, which include the 2p1/2→2p3/2 channel and agree to within ~30% with our measurements. DR via the 2p1/2→2p3/2 channel may also have spectroscopic implications, providing unique spectral signatures at soft X-ray wavelengths that could provide good electron temperature diagnostics.
Nuclear Physics from Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Savage, Martin J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I review recent progress in the development of Lattice QCD into a calculational tool for nuclear physics. Lattice QCD is currently the only known way of solving QCD in the low-energy regime, and it promises to provide a solid foundation for the structure and interactions of nuclei directly from QCD.
description: 18 pages, 12 figs. Lecture presented at the Erice School on Nuclear Physics 2011: From Quarks and Gluons to Hadrons and Nuclei, organized by A. Faessler and J. Wambach