cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Strain Engineering, Quantum Transport and Synthesis of Atomically-thin Two-dimensional Materials
Creators: Motmaen Dadgar, Abdollah
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Condensed matter
subject: Optics
subject: Semiconductors
subject: Monomolecular films
subject: Materials

description: Two-Dimensional (2D) materials such as graphene, Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDs) and Metal Monochalcogenides (MMs) are the next generation of smart devices because of their outstanding novel properties. Monolayer (one molecule thick.) of famous TMDs such as MoS2, MoSe2, WS2 and WSe2 exhibit phenomenal physical properties including but not limited to low-energy direct bandgap and large piezoelectric responses. These have made them potential candidates for cutting-edge electronic and mechanical devices such as novel transistors and PN-junctions, on-chip energy storage and piezoelectric devices which could be applied in smart sensors and actuators technologies. Additionally, reversible structural phase transition in these materials from semiconducting phase (1H) to metallic phase (1T') as a function of strain, provide compelling physics which facilitates new era of sophisticated flexoelectric devices, novel switches and a giant leap in new regime of transistors.
      One iconic characteristics of monolayer 2D materials is their incredible stretchability which allows them to be subjected to several percent strains before yielding. In this thesis I provide facile techniques based on polymer encapsulation to apply several percent (6.5%) controllable, non-destructive and reproducible strains. This is the highest reproducible strain reported so far. Then I show our experimental techniques and object detection algorithm to verify the amount of strain. These followed up by device fabrication techniques as well as in-depth polarized and unpolarized Raman spectroscopy. Then, I show interesting physics of monolayer and bilayer TMDs under strain and how their photoluminescence behaviors change under tensile and compressive strains. Monolayers of TMDs and MMs exhibit 1-10 larger piezoelectric coefficients comparing to bulk piezo materials. These surprising characteristics together with being able to apply large range strains, opens a new avenue of piezoelectricity with enormous magnitudes higher than those commercially available. Further on 2D materials, I show our transport experiments on doped and pristine graphene micro devices and unveil the discoveries of magneto conductance behaviors. To complete, we present our computerized techniques and experimental platforms to make these 2D materials.
Ray and wave chaos in asymmetric resonant optical cavities
Creators: name: Noeckel, Jens U.
name: Stone, A. Douglas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical resonators are essential components of lasers and other wavelength-sensitive optical devices. A resonator is characterized by a set of modes, each with a resonant frequency omega and resonance width Delta omega=1/tau, where tau is the lifetime of a photon in the mode. In a cylindrical or spherical dielectric resonator, extremely long-lived resonances are due to `whispering gallery' modes in which light circulates around the perimeter trapped by total internal reflection. These resonators emit light isotropically. Recently, a new category of asymmetric resonant cavities (ARCs) has been proposed in which substantial shape deformation leads to partially chaotic ray dynamics. This has been predicted to give rise to a universal, frequency-independent broadening of the whispering-gallery resonances, and highly anisotropic emission. Here we present solutions of the wave equation for ARCs which confirm many aspects of the earlier ray-optics model, but also reveal interesting frequency-dependent effects characteristic of quantum chaos. For small deformations the lifetime is controlled by evanescent leakage, the optical analogue of quantum tunneling. We find that the lifetime is much shortened by a process known as `chaos-assisted tunneling'. In contrast, for large deformations (~10%) some resonances are found to have longer lifetimes than predicted by the ray chaos model due to `dynamical localization'.
description: 4 pages RevTeX with 7 Postscript figures
Plantago palmata Hook. f.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Plantaginaceae
Plantago
Plantago palmata

description: Plantago palmata Hook.f.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ,AZ; up to 4 100 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Near Castle Camp Site, Alt. 2071 m, 30 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002992 (HIB).
References: Fries & Fries (1924), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Strange Bare Facts: A war trilogy
Creators: Mulley, Katherine VanDam
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: World War (1914-1918)
War
War--Medical aspects
American Civil War (1861-1865)
Theater
Performing arts

description: Strange Bare Facts is a trilogy of plays about the intersection of war, medicine and gender across three different wars and 150 years. Set during the Civil War, the First World War and the War in Afghanistan, these plays delve into the tragedy, comedy, mystery and romance of life and death at the front lines, in field hospitals and at home.
title: Jahrbuch 1994 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 902

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 1994
Black hole ringdown: the importance of overtones
Creators: name: Giesler, Matthew
name: Isi, Maximiliano
name: Scheel, Mark
name: Teukolsky, Saul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is possible to infer the mass and spin of the remnant black hole from binary black hole mergers by comparing the ringdown gravitational wave signal to results from studies of perturbed Kerr spacetimes. Typically these studies are based on the fundamental quasinormal mode of the dominant $\ell=m=2$ harmonic. By modeling the ringdown of accurate numerical relativity simulations, we find that the fundamental mode alone is insufficient to recover the true underlying mass and spin, unless the analysis is started very late in the ringdown. Including higher overtones associated with this $\ell=m=2$ harmonic resolves this issue, and provides an unbiased estimate of the true remnant parameters. Further, including overtones allows for the modeling of the ringdown signal for all times beyond the peak strain amplitude, indicating that the linear quasinormal regime starts much sooner than previously expected. A model for the ringdown beginning at the peak strain amplitude can exploit the higher signal-to-noise ratio in detectors, reducing uncertainties in the extracted remnant quantities. Tests of the no-hair theorem should consider incorporating overtones in the analysis.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures; v2 matches published version
Thermodynamics of Black Holes in Brans-Dicke Gravity
Creators: name: Kim, Hongsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has recently been argued that non-trivial Brans-Dicke black hole solutions different from the usual Schwarzschild solution could exist. We attemt here to ``censor'' these non-trivial Brans-Dicke black hole solutions by examining their thermodynamic properties. Quantities like Hawking temperature and entropy of the black holes are computed. Analysis of the behaviors of these thermodynamic quantities appears to show that even in Brans-Dicke gravity, the usual Schwarzschild spacetime turns out to be the only physically relevant uncharged static black hole solution.
description: 14 pages, Revtex (appeared in a proceedings in Nuovo Cimento (1996))
Strange Bedfellows: Public Health and Welfare Politics in the United States, 1965—2000
Creators: Aumoithe, George
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: History
Public health
Public policy (Law)
Public welfare--Political aspects
HIV infections--Government policy
Medicaid
Epidemics

description: “Strange Bedfellows” examines how the political economy of Medicaid and hospital provision shaped the social, political, and thus material response to the HIV/AIDS epidemic in the United States. By doing so, this study explores the consequences of a decade-plus shift that began in the late 1960s, wherein federal, state, and local policymakers deemphasized epidemic preparedness and acute care in favor of downsized hospitals, increased outpatient services, and more “personal responsibility.” Over the course of seven chapters, the study links the transformation of Medicaid into a welfare medicine program; federal health planning’s shift from the pursuit of equality to cost-cutting; the role that anti-inflation policy played in curtailing subsidies for hospitals and clinics, which reduced access to acute care; the diminution of civil rights protections for quality healthcare; and the effects these developments had on the response to HIV/AIDS. Challenging the notion that the HIV/AIDS epidemic was unforeseen and, thus, impossible to plan for, the study demonstrates how a series of purposeful decisions by presidential administrations, Congress, state legislatures, and city officials led to chronic underinvestment in public and voluntary hospitals that served poor people and people of color. A story of the neoliberal transformation of the Medicaid program and public and voluntary safety net hospitals, this dissertation illustrates how healthcare and welfare politics intertwined from the mid-1960s to the new millennium in ways that confounded the United States’ epidemic preparedness. A healthcare system focused on chronic disease by the 1960s and cost cutting in the 1970s could not cope with an emergent infectious disease like HIV/AIDS.
Matter effects and CP violating neutrino oscillations with non-decoupling heavy neutrinos
Creators: name: Bekman, B.
name: Gluza, J.
name: Holeczek, J.
name: Syska, J.
name: Zralek, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution equation for active and sterile neutrinos propagating in general anisotropic or polarized background environment is found and solved for a special case when heavy neutrinos do not decouple, resulting in non-unitary mixing among light neutrino states. Then new CP violating neutrino oscillation effects appear. In contrast to the standard unitary neutrino oscillations these effects can be visible even for two flavour neutrino transitions and even if one of the elements of the neutrino mixing matrix is equal to zero. They do not necessarily vanish with $δm^{2} \to 0$ and they are different for various pairs of flavour neutrino transitions ($ν_e \to ν_μ$), ($ν_μ\to ν_τ$), ($ν_τ\to ν_e$). Neutrino oscillations in vacuum and Earth's matter are calculated for some fixed baseline experiments and a comparison between unitary and non-unitary oscillations are presented. It is shown, taking into account the present experimental constraints, that heavy neutrino states can affect CP and T asymmetries. This is especially true in the case of $ν_μ\to ν_τ$ oscillations.
description: 18 pages, 6 figs
Chemical synthesis of sulfated-?(1?6)-D-mannopyranan
Creators: name: Warunda Bunthitsakda
name: Chakree Wattanasiri
name: Somsak Ruchirawat
name: Siwarutt Boonyarattanakalin
Publisher: name: Research and Development Office, Prince of Songkla University
Year: 2019
Subjects: sulfated oligosaccharides
PI-88 analogue
sulfation
sulfur trioxide-pyridine complex
rapid synthesis

description: Songklanakarin Journal of Science and Technology, 41, 4, 795-803
title: Privacy-preserving sharing of data analytics runtime metrics for performance modeling
Creators: name: Will, Jonathan
name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Zunzer, Seraphin
name: Bode, Jan
name: Kring, Cedric
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: distributed dataflows
subject: resource allocation
subject: performance modeling
subject: data sharing
subject: data privacy

description: Performance modeling for large-scale data analytics workloads can improve the efficiency of cluster resource allocations and job scheduling. However, the performance of these workloads is influenced by numerous factors, such as job inputs and the assigned cluster resources. As a result, performance models require significant amounts of training data. This data can be obtained by exchanging runtime metrics between collaborating organizations. Yet, not all organizations may be inclined to publicly disclose such metadata. We present a privacy-preserving approach for sharing runtime metrics based on differential privacy and data synthesis. Our evaluation on performance data from 736 Spark job executions indicates that fully anonymized training data largely maintains performance prediction accuracy, particularly when there is minimal original data available. With 30 or fewer available original data samples, the use of synthetic training data resulted only in a one percent reduction in performance model accuracy on average.
Strategic Applications of Tandem Reactions in Complex Natural Product Synthesis: Rapid Access to the (Iso)Cyclocitrinol Core
Creators: Plummer, Christopher Wainwright
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Chemistry

description: This thesis describes the efforts of Professor James Leighton and myself toward the synthesis of the tetracyclic core of a class of steroidal natural products known as the cyclocitrinols. Our initial work in this area was performed on racemic model systems in order to validate our ring contraction-Cope rearrangement strategy. Novel chemistry was then identified to access the functionalized core in enantio-enriched form. Finally, in line with our efforts to probe the transition state of our key tandem Claisen-Cope reaction, additional substrates were prepared supporting our proposed transition state and improving the efficiency of this transformation.
Sibthorpia europaea L.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Plantaginaceae
Sibthorpia
Sibthorpia europaea

description: Sibthorpia europaea L.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ; 1 900–3 800 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
References: Hedberg & Hedberg (2003), Bussmann (1993, 1994), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
title: Jahrbuch 1995 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Goltze
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 902

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 1995
Tenthredo nimbata Konow 1906
Creators: name: Taeger, Andreas
name: París, Mercedes
name: Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredo
Tenthredo nimbata

description: Tenthredo nimbata Konow, 1906
A valid species, Tenthredo (Eurogaster) nimbata Konow, 1906.
Types. Tenthredo nimbata Konow, 1906: 126–127. Syntypes ♂ ♀, “ Sikkim ”. Lectotype ♀, hereby designated (MNCN_Ent 100222, MNCN Cat. Tipos Nº 8118, Fig. 30, see also http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.765439). Type locality: India, Sikkim. Paralectotypes: 1 ♂ 1 ♀ (SDEI), “ Sikkim ” (http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/ m9.figshare.765444).
Discussion. Malaise (1945: 227) considered the SDEI ♀ to be a paratype, Saini (2007: 134) claimed erroneously that the holotype ♀ and two paratypes should be in the SDEI.
description: Published as part of Taeger, Andreas, París, Mercedes & Nieves-Aldrey, Jose Luis, 2014, The type specimens of sawflies (Hymenoptera: Symphyta) of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales, Madrid, pp. 103-138 in Zootaxa 3790 (1) on page 126, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3790.1.5, http://zenodo.org/record/4914035
Adapting the fbs model of designing for usage-driven innovation processes
Creators: name: Yannou, B
name: Cluzel, F
name: Lamé, G
Publisher: name: American Society of Mechanical Engineers
Year: 2018
Subjects: 33 Built Environment and Design
3303 Design
Generic health relevance
9 Industry, Innovation and Infrastructure

description: There has been rising interest in confronting formal models of design with practical design methods, in order to understand better both and to explore how they can improve each other. In this article, we try to map the Radical Innovation Design (RID) methodology in Gero’s Function-Behavior-Structure (FBS) framework. We encounter difficulties in doing so, and propose new constructs extending the FBS framework to account for some processes in RID. For instance, FBS is extended to describe the early stages of RID, where usages are analyzed to identify the appropriate situations and problems on which to innovate. We present a short practical case study to illustrate the relevance of these concepts. Our findings join those of others who have investigated the use of FBS to illustrate innovative projects, where requirements are unclear. We propose perspectives for future research, notably pursuing this work with the situated FBS framework.
Charakterisierung von hydrodynamischen Unsicherheiten und 3D-Bewegungsplanung als Basis geregelter Unterwasserfahrzeuge
Creators: name: Miethe, Thomas
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 620 Engineering & allied operations

description: Die Arbeit zeigt, wie tiefgehendes Systemverständnis von Unterwasserfahrzeugen (UUVs), zweckmäßige Bewegungsplanung und umfängliche Reglersynthese ineinander greifen können. Dazu wurde Unsicherheiten (u.a. Zähigkeits- und Trägheitskräfte sowie Fluiddichte) an diversen UUVs detailliert behandelt. Den Kern stellt aber ein entwickelter Algorithmus auf Basis der „Methode der elastischen Bänder“ zur Planung im 3D-Raum dar, mit dessen Hilfe unterschiedliche Aufgaben der UUVs modelliert werden können. Zu deren Realisierung wurde eine Zustandsregelung mit Polbereichsvorgabe beispielhaft vorgeführt.
title: Demeter: Resource-efficient distributed stream processing under dynamic loads with multi-configuration optimization
Creators: name: Geldenhuys, Morgan K.
name: Scheinert, Dominik
name: Kao, Odej
name: Thamsen, Lauritz
Publisher: name: ACM
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 000 Informatik, Informationswissenschaft, allgemeine Werke::000 Informatik, Wissen, Systeme::004 Datenverarbeitung; Informatik
subject: distributed stream processing
subject: cluster resource management
subject: performance profiling
subject: performance modeling
subject: runtime optimization
subject: time series forecasting
subject: cloud computing

description: Distributed Stream Processing (DSP) focuses on the near real-time processing of large streams of unbounded data. To increase processing capacities, DSP systems are able to dynamically scale across a cluster of commodity nodes, ensuring a good Quality of Service despite variable workloads. However, selecting scaleout configurations which maximize resource utilization remains a challenge. This is especially true in environments where workloads change over time and node failures are all but inevitable. Furthermore, configuration parameters such as memory allocation and checkpointing intervals impact performance and resource usage as well. Sub-optimal configurations easily lead to high operational costs, poor performance, or unacceptable loss of service. In this paper, we present Demeter, a method for dynamically optimizing key DSP system configuration parameters for resource efficiency. Demeter uses Time Series Forecasting to predict future workloads and Multi-Objective Bayesian Optimization to model runtime behaviors in relation to parameter settings and workload rates. Together, these techniques allow us to determine whether or not enough is known about the predicted workload rate to proactively initiate short-lived parallel profiling runs for data gathering. Once trained, the models guide the adjustment of multiple, potentially dependent system configuration parameters ensuring optimized performance and resource usage in response to changing workload rates. Our experiments on a commodity cluster using Apache Flink demonstrate that Demeter significantly improves the operational efficiency of long-running benchmark jobs.
Strategic Flexibility and Age-Related Cognitive Change
Creators: Barulli, Daniel James
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Cognition--Age factors
subject: Adaptability (Psychology)
subject: Neuropsychology

description: This series of projects aims to explore the potential role of strategic flexibility in cognitive aging, and whether this construct can serve as an effective mechanistic proxy for cognitive reserve. Study 1 introduces the task designed for this series, based on stimuli from a classic test of fluid reasoning and formatted as a task-switching paradigm to explore strategic characteristics in a structured way. This study suggests that such a task is subject to age-related effects. Study 2 introduces a redesigned version of this task, matching it more closely to existing paradigms of task-switching, and explores how covariates interact with measured performance. Study 3 draws upon an existing sample of extensive neuropsychological and neuroimaging data, and aims to describe the associations among this set of data and measures of strategic flexibility. Results overall indicate that age negatively affects strategic flexibility, but cognitive reserve may mitigate this impairment.
Veronica abyssinica Fresen.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Plantaginaceae
Veronica
Veronica abyssinica

description: Veronica abyssinica Fresen.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF, BZ, UMF, HZ, AZ; up to 3 900 m. Distribution: II.
 Voucher: Chogoria Track, Alt. 2 523 m, 27 Jan. 2015, SAJIT 002915 (EA).
References: Bussmann (1993, 1994), Bussmann & Beck (1995a), Agnew (2013).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
The algebra of Wick polynomials of a scalar field on a Riemannian manifold
Creators: name: Dappiaggi, Claudio
name: Drago, Nicolò
name: Rinaldi, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81T20, 81T05

description: On a connected, oriented, smooth Riemannian manifold without boundary we consider a real scalar field whose dynamics is ruled by $E$, a second order elliptic partial differential operator of metric type. Using the functional formalism and working within the framework of algebraic quantum field theory and of the principle of general local covariance, first we construct the algebra of locally covariant observables in terms of equivariant sections of a bundle of smooth, regular polynomial functionals over the affine space of the parametrices associated to $E$. Subsequently, adapting to the case in hand a strategy first introduced by Hollands and Wald in a Lorentzian setting, we prove the existence of Wick powers of the underlying field, extending the procedure to smooth, local and polynomial functionals and discussing in the process the regularization ambiguities of such procedure. Subsequently we endow the space of Wick powers with an algebra structure, dubbed E-product, which plays in a Riemannian setting the same role of the time ordered product for field theories on globally hyperbolic spacetimes. In particular we prove the existence of the E-product and we discuss both its properties and the renormalization ambiguities in the underlying procedure. As last step we extend the whole analysis to observables admitting derivatives of the field configurations and we discuss the quantum Møller operator which is used to investigate interacting models at a perturbative level.
description: 35 pages
General-relativistic coupling between orbital motion and internal degrees of freedom for inspiraling binary neutron stars
Creators: name: Flanagan, Eanna E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the coupling between the internal degrees of freedom of neutron stars in a close binary, and the stars' orbital motion. Our analysis is based on the method of matched asymptotic expansions and is valid to all orders in the strength of internal gravity in each star, but is perturbative in the ``tidal expansion parameter'' (stellar radius)/(orbital separation). At first order in the tidal expansion parameter, we show that the internal structure of each star is unaffected by its companion, in agreement with post-1-Newtonian results of Wiseman (gr-qc/9704018). We also show that relativistic interactions that scale as higher powers of the tidal expansion parameter produce qualitatively similar effects to their Newtonian counterparts: there are corrections to the Newtonian tidal distortion of each star, both of which occur at third order in the tidal expansion parameter, and there are corrections to the Newtonian decrease in central density of each star (Newtonian ``tidal stabilization''), both of which are sixth order in the tidal expansion parameter. There are additional interactions with no Newtonian analogs, but these do not change the central density of each star up to sixth order in the tidal expansion parameter. These results, in combination with previous analyses of Newtonian tidal interactions, indicate that (i) there are no large general-relativistic crushing forces that could cause the stars to collapse to black holes prior to the dynamical orbital instability, and (ii) the conventional wisdom with respect to coalescing binary neutron stars as sources of gravitational-wave bursts is correct: namely, the finite-stellar-size corrections to the gravitational waveform will be unimportant for the purpose of detecting the coalescences.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures. Replaced 13 July: proof corrected, result unchanged
Fast domain walls governed by Œrsted fields in cylindrical magnetic nanowires
Creators: name: Schöbitz, M.
name: De Riz, A.
name: Martin, S.
name: Bochmann, S.
name: Thirion, C.
name: Vogel, J.
name: Foerster, M.
name: Aballe, L.
name: Menteş, T. O.
name: Locatelli, A.
name: Genuzio, F.
name: Denmat, S. Le
name: Cagnon, L.
name: Toussaint, J. C.
name: Gusakova, D.
name: Bachmann, J.
name: Fruchart, O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Since its proposal, the idea to vastly increase data storage density with a magnetic non-volatile 3D shift-register has sustained interest in current-induced domain wall (DW) motion. So far, experimental efforts have focused on flat nanostrips, which exhibit a wide range of noteworthy effects, yet suffer from intrinsic DW instabilities limiting their mobility. In contrast, ferromagnetic cylindrical nanowires (NWs) can host a novel type of magnetic DW, namely the Bloch-point wall (BPW), which due to its specific 3D topology should not experience the same fundamental issue. This could give rise to DW velocities over ~1000 m/s and fascinating new physics including coupling to magnetic spin waves, however, experimental evidence of DW dynamics in NWs is lacking until now. Here we report experimental results on current-induced DW motion in NWs with velocities >600 m/s, quantitatively consistent with predictions. Furthermore, our results indicate that although previously disregarded, the OErsted field induced by the current plays instead a crucial and valuable role in stabilising exclusively BPWs.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Building on soft tailings : east lake TMF expansion
Creators: name: Kurylo, John Bohdan
name: Podaima, Trevor
name: Rykaart, Maritz
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: To accommodate an increased mine life at a northern Saskatchewan mine, an expansion to its existing tailings storage capacity was required. Innovative solutions were necessary due to operational and space limitations associated with the mine’s existing tailings management facilities (TMF). Specifically, staged construction of a waste rock containment dike directly over previously deposited unconsolidated tailings coupled with a complex seasonal tailings deposition plan for new tailings was required. Despite efforts to characterize the tailings foundation conditions, significant uncertainty remained regarding the variability of its properties. The impact of this variability was examined through a sensitivity analysis; however, in an effort to minimize risk, a full-scale test section was constructed within the existing facility footprint and across the most sensitive section of the tailings foundation. This paper presents the findings of the test section monitoring and overviews settlement and deformation back analysis completed to confirm and refine the dike design and overall tailings operational plan. It also provides a case study on how state-of-practice desktop analysis can be effectively coupled with field verification to support design.
Placement of caps on soft and fluid tailings
Creators: name: Langseth, Jim
name: Luger, Dirk
name: Jacobs, Walter
name: Sisson, Rick
name: Sittoni, Luca
name: Hedblom, Eric
name: Greenleaf, Tim
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2017

description: This paper describes a concept for placing a cap over soft or fluid tailings deposits using a floating platform for hydraulic cap placement, and compares it to two standard cap placement methods: 1) mechanical placement using earthwork equipment and 2) hydraulic beaching. Hydraulic placement from a water platform has a number of potential uses in the mining industry to manage tailings, and may be one of the more cost-effective methods to consolidate soft tailings in locations where strength is too low for land-based cap placement methods. Supplementary elements, such as installation of wick drains or other drainage features to aid consolidation can be deployed from a water platform as well. General costs of construction are compared to illustrate the competitiveness of water-platform-based capping approaches. Placing caps hydraulically from a water platform can be an alternative to other methods of dealing with fluid tailings (such as centrifuging and thin-lift drying). It offers opportunities to reduce tailings related-risk and closure liabilities, and can prove more practical and more cost-effective than land-based methods, particularly for capping very soft to fluid tailings.
Strategic Models in Supply Network Design
Creators: Lederman, Roger
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Operations research
Business

description: This dissertation contains a series of essays intended to introduce strategic modeling techniques into the network design problem. While investment in production capacity has long been approached as a critical strategic decision, the increasing need for robust, responsive supply capabilities has made it essential to take a network view, where multiple products and sites are considered simultaneously. In traditional network planning, models have rarely accounted for the behavior of additional players - customers, competitors, suppliers - on whom a firm can exert only a limited influence. We analyze a set of models that account for the dynamics of the firm's interaction with these outside actors. In Chapters 2 and 3, we develop game-theoretic models to characterize the allocation of resources in a network context. In Chapter 2, we use series-parallel networks to model the arrangement of producers whose output is bundled. This structure may arise, for example, when various components of the production process are outsourced individually. We study supply-function mechanisms through which producers strategically manage scarce capacity. Our results show how network structure can be analyzed to measure producers' market power and its effect on equilibrium markups. Chapter 3 looks at the network design problem of a vertically integrated firm with the ability to flexibly allocate resources across markets. We consider optimal design of the firm's production network as an upper-level decision to be optimized with respect to competitive outcomes in the lower stage. We find that optimal strategies regarding the location and centralization of production will differ across firms, depending on their competitive position in the market. The final two chapters discuss practical issues regarding the availability of model inputs in a multi-product context. In Chapter 4, we propose a method to construct competitor sets through estimation of a latent-segment choice model. We present a case study in a hotel market, where demand is distributed both spatially and temporally. We show how widely available data on market events can be used to drive identification of customer segments, providing a basis to assess competitive interactions. Chapter 5 provides a further example, in the setting of urban transportation networks, of how user behavior on a network can be estimated from partially observed data. We present a novel two-phase approach for performing this estimation in real time.
Structure and culture of the power elite driving the development of Milan
Creators: name: D'Andreta Mario
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: power elites, urban governance, Milan, cultural models, city-region, global city, discourse analysis, emotional text analysis, decision making, urban development.

description: A project proposal for the study and the development of new model of governance for the city-region of Milan, on the basis of the analysis of the structure and the cultural models of the local power elite which drive the development of Milan.
Enhancing model-based predictions of chlorophyll-a, turbidity & temperature in surface water reservoirs through assimilation of Earth-Observation-derived water quality parameters
Creators: name: Romas, Evangelos
name: Kandris, Kyriakos
name: Tzimas, Apostolos
name: Pechlivanidis, Ilias
name: Giardino, Claudia
name: Bresciani, Mariano
name: Scenk, Karin
name: Bernert, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: water quality forecasting
earth observations
data assimilation

description: The application of earth observation (EO) data to retrieve water quality for inland water bodies has attracted severe attention over the last years. Thereby, water quality products derived from EO data include significant ecological parameters such as turbidity, suspended matter, chlorophyll concentrations, or water temperature. This work investigates how EO-derived water quality data can be combined with data assimilation (DA) techniques to improve model-based predictions of (a) temperature variations, (b) outbreaks of chlorophyll-a concentrations, or (c) events of increased turbidity in surface water reservoirs. Specifically, EO-derived water temperature, chlorophyll-a and inorganic suspended matter were assimilated in coupled hydrodynamic and water quality models using two alternative DA schemes: a simple direct insertion (DI) scheme and the Ensemble Kalman Filter (EnKF) scheme. The two candidate DA techniques were benchmarked against a DA-free simulation in two case studies for one-year long simulations. EO-derived water temperature improved the corresponding model-based predictions; mean temperature errors were reduced by 0.2 oC to 1.2 oC for the respective case studies. Yet, improvements in model-based temperature predictions were inadequate to enhance the predictive abilities of the water quality models regarding chlorophyll-a or turbidity. The assimilation of EO-derived chlorophyll-a was a prerequisite for improving chlorophyll-a predictions. In that case, the reduction of mean chlorophyll-a errors was sizeable (in the range of 30%-50%), while DA-enabled predictions safeguarded against extreme errors; maximum errors dropped from 12 μg/l to almost 6 μg/l. Finally, the assimilation of EO-derived chlorophyll-a and inorganic suspended matter did not impact turbidity predictions substantially. Model results indicated that turbidity is a complex water quality parameter that is influenced by parameters, such as dissolved inorganic substances or detrital particulate matter, that are not assimilated in the model. Finally, results from the benchmark analysis of the two DA schemes indicated that the DI scheme was superior to the EnKF scheme when both prediction improvement and computational burden are considered. The low computational budget required for the DI scheme makes it particularly appealing for operational modeling applications.
Tunneling and Fluctuating Electron-Hole Cooper Pairs in Double Bilayer Graphene
Creators: name: Efimkin, Dmitry K.
name: Burg, G. William
name: Tutuc, Emanuel
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A strong low-temperature enhancement of the tunneling conductance between graphene bilayers has been reported recently, and interpreted as a signature of equilibrium electron-hole pairing, first predicted in bilayers more than forty years ago but previously unobserved. Here we provide a detailed theory of conductance enhanced by fluctuating electron-hole Cooper pairs, which are a precursor to equilibrium pairing, that accounts for specific details of the multi-band double graphene bilayer system which supports several different pairing channels. Above the equilibrium condensation temperature, pairs have finite temporal coherence and do not support dissipationless tunneling. Instead, they strongly boost the tunneling conductivity via a fluctuational internal Josephson effect. Our theory makes predictions for the dependence of the zero bias peak in the differential tunneling conductance on temperature and electron-hole density imbalance that capture important aspects of the experimental observations. In our interpretation of the observations, cleaner samples with longer disorder scattering times would condense at temperatures $T_c$ up to $\sim 50 {\rm K}$, compared to the record $T_c \sim 1.5 $K achieved to date in the experiment.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Extended version accepted to Physical Review B
Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.
Creators: name: Zhou, Ya-Dong
name: Mwachala, Geoffrey
name: Hu, Guang-Wan
name: Wang, Qing-Feng
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Plantaginaceae
Veronica
Veronica anagallis-Aquatica

description: Veronica anagallis-aquatica L.  —
Habit: Herb.
Habitat: LMWF, LMDF; up to 2 500 m. Distribution: I.
Voucher: N/A.
Reference: Bussmann (1994).
description: Published as part of Zhou, Ya-Dong, Mwachala, Geoffrey, Hu, Guang-Wan & Wang, Qing-Feng, 2022, Annotated checklist of the vascular plants of Mount Kenya, East Africa, pp. 1-108 in Phytotaxa 546 (1) on page 81, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.546.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6550464
Arte-Educação-Internet
Creators: name: Adário, João
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 190103 Art Theory
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)

description: Article originally published in the book:Arte em pesquisa: especificidades. Ensino e Aprendizagem da Arte; Linguagens Visuais/Maria Beatriz Medeiros (Org.) - Brasília: DF.: Editora da Pós-graduação em Arte da Universidade de Brasília, 2004. v. 2. 432 p.ISBN 85-89698-06-8
Encoding an oscillator into many oscillators
Creators: name: Noh, Kyungjoo
name: Girvin, S. M.
name: Jiang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An outstanding challenge for quantum information processing using bosonic systems is Gaussian errors such as excitation loss and added thermal noise errors. Thus, bosonic quantum error correction (QEC) is essential. Most bosonic QEC schemes encode a finite-dimensional logical qubit or qudit into noisy bosonic oscillator modes. In this case, however, the infinite-dimensional bosonic nature of the physical system is lost at the error-corrected logical level. On the other hand, there are several proposals for encoding an oscillator mode into many noisy oscillator modes. However, these oscillator-into-oscillators encoding schemes are in the class of Gaussian quantum error correction. Therefore, these codes cannot correct practically relevant Gaussian errors due to the established no-go theorems which state that Gaussian errors cannot be corrected by using only Gaussian resources. Here, we circumvent these no-go results and show that it is possible to correct Gaussian errors by using Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) states as non-Gaussian resources. In particular, we propose a non-Gaussian oscillator-into-oscillators code, the two-mode GKP-repetition code, and demonstrate that it can correct additive Gaussian noise errors. In addition, we generalize the two-mode GKP-repetition code to an even broader class of non-Gaussian oscillator codes, namely, GKP-stabilizer codes. Specifically, we show that there exists a highly hardware-efficient GKP-stabilizer code, the GKP-two-mode-squeezing code, that can quadratically suppress additive Gaussian noise errors in both the position and momentum quadratures up to a small logarithmic correction. Moreover, for any GKP-stabilizer code, we show that logical Gaussian operations can be readily implemented by using only physical Gaussian operations. We also show that our oscillator codes can correct practically relevant excitation loss and thermal noise errors.
description: 24 pages, 9+2 figures
CP violations in the K and B meson systems in the SUSY models with (S_3)^3 flavor symmetry
Creators: name: Ko, P.
name: Park, Jae-hyeon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rare decays of B and K mesons and CP violations thereof are considered in SUSY models with S_3^3 flavor symmetry. SUSY contributions to epsilon_K and epsilon'/epsilon_K can be large, but not to B0 - B0 bar mixing because of strong constraint from B -> X_d gamma for (delta^d_{13})_{LR}. Still large deviations from the SM predictions are possible in the branching ratio for B -> X_d gamma and direct CP violations therein, even if the KM angle gamma is in the range preferred by the SM CKM fit. Experimental study of B -> X_d gamma is strongly recommended as a probe for new physics with nontrivial flavor structure in the (13) mixing.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Strategies for Heritage Valuation on Adaptively Reused Transportation Corridors: An Examination of Rail Trails in Central Indiana
Creators: Story, Madison
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Historic preservation
Rail-trails
Buildings--Remodeling for other use
Signs and signboards
Cultural property--Valuation

description: As infrastructure that dramatically reshaped the landscape and development of the United States, railroads are important heritage corridors that, once abandoned, are often preserved as heritage railroads or rail trails. To evaluate the heritage effects of adaptive reuse of railroad corridors, this thesis looks at two rail trails converted from abandoned Monon Railroad rights-of-way in Indiana. The central question of this research asks: What features of planning, physical preservation, and heritage interpretation contribute to the positive impact of the adaptive reuse of rail trails on a community’s engagement and appreciation of rail and rail-related heritage? Through historic research, fieldwork, surveys taken by trail users, and interviews conducted with preservation and trail advocates and professionals, this thesis aims to explore the rail trails’ history as lines of the Monon railroad, understand what the rail meant to communities historically and what the trail means to contemporary communities, how the rails’ conversion and representation of history is reflective of political and cultural intention for the corridor, and how continued development of the trail serves to reinforce those political and cultural intentions. My findings indicate that the governing body’s goals for the rail trail affect the preservation strategies applied to the trail itself as well as surrounding neighborhoods. These strategies in turn affect how residents and trail users value the rail trail – whether as a recreational, transportation, or heritage resource (or some combination thereof) – and how they understand the rail’s historic role in the community. Further, the presence of historic features does not necessarily reflect political and/or cultural intention, but their continued existence may have a significant impact upon community valuation of rail heritage. Overall, this research suggests that a variety of preservation methods (such as adaptive reuse, branding, and interpretive signage), regardless of the amount and existing interpretation of extant heritage, may be most successful at encouraging community valuation and understanding of heritage on rail trails.