cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Single-photon scattering on a qubit. Space-time structure of the scattered field
Creators: name: Greenberg, Ya. S.
name: Moiseev, A. G.
name: Shtygashev, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the space-time structure of the scattered field induced by the scattering of a narrow single-photon Gaussian pulse on a qubit embedded in 1D open waveguide. For a weak excitation power we obtain explicit analytical expressions for space and time dependence of reflected and transmitted fields which are, in general, are different from plain travelling waves. The scattered field consists of two parts: a damping part which represent a spontaneous decay of the excited qubit and a coherent, lossless part. We show that for large distance $x$ from qubit and at times $t$ long after the scattering event our theory provides the result which is well known from the stationary photon transport. However, the approach to the stationary limit is very slow. The scattered field decreases as the inverse powers of $x$ and $t$ as both the distance from the qubit and the time after the interaction increase.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures. This is a deeply revised version of the previous paper
Phosphazene-catalyzed desymmetrization of cyclohexadienones by dithiane addition
Creators: name: Massolo, Elisabetta
name: Horwitz, Matthew A.
name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: We report a desymmetrization of cyclohexadienones by intramolecular conjugate addition of a tethered dithiane nucleophile. Mild reaction conditions allow the formation of diversely functionalized fused bicyclic lactones. The products participate in facially selective additions from the convex surface, leading to allylic alcohol derivatives.
Low-cost Stimulation Resistant Electromyography
Creators: name: McKenzie, Lachlan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biomedical Devices and Instrumentation
subject: Biomedical
subject: Electrical and Computer Engineering
subject: Engineering
subject: Biomedical Engineering and Bioengineering
subject: AC Coupler
subject: Bio-sensing
subject: Blanking
subject: Electrical Stimulation
subject: EMG
subject: Rehabilitation

description: Included are design files for an electromyography (EMG) device that can record from stimulated muscle. Files related to the construction of the EMG device include a pdf of the pcb schematics, a spreadsheet of the bill of materials, and the pcb gerber files. A basic Arduino script is also included to configure the device to capture data.
title: Imaging surveilence in breast cancer survivor: A correlation between cancer characteristics and detection modality
Creators: name: Chu, Ajung
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Screening
subject: Cancer

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The breast cancer is the one of the most common cancer in women, and it remains the leading cause of female cancer death [1-4]. In Korea, the number of breast cancer survivors who need long-term surveillance has been increasing since not only with...
title: Acute Abdominal Pain? Cause - Do CT Requests Give The Full Picture?
Creators: name: Rao, Nikhil
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Acute
subject: Radiation safety
subject: CT
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To compare clinical diagnosis on admission and Computed Tomography (CT) findings with clinical impression on CT requests cards. To compare CT findings with definitive operative findings. To evaluate the grade and specialty of requesting...
Präparat RU 486: von der chirurgischen zur medizinischen Abtreibung?
Creators: name: Nientiedt, Klaus
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 1 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 1
title: Pericatheter uretherogram for evaluating buccal mucosa urethroplasty
Creators: name: Pontoni, Alvaro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Grafts
subject: Fistula
subject: Education and training
subject: Cystography / Uretrography
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Urinary Tract / Bladder

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: We propose the following objectives: - Describe step by step procedure of pericatheter urethrogram in evaluating patients who underwent buccal mucosa urethroplasty. - Identify the indication of this imaging test, useful and main...
Irregular moons possibly injected from the outer solar system by a stellar flyby
Creators: name: Pfalzner, Susanne
name: Govind, Amith
name: Wagner, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The irregular moons orbit the giant planets on distant, inclined, and eccentric trajectories, in sharp contrast with the coplanar and quasicircular orbits of the regular moons. The origin of these irregular moons is still an open question, but these moons have a lot in common with the objects beyond Neptune (trans-Neptunian objects -- TNOs), suggestive of a common origin. Here, we show that the close flyby of a star may be the connecting element. A stellar flyby can simultaneously reproduce the complex TNO dynamics quantitatively while explaining the origin of the irregular moons and the colour distributions of both populations. This flyby would have catapulted 7.2% of the original TNO population into the region of the planets, many on retrograde orbits. Most injected TNOs would have been subsequently ejected from the solar system (85%). However, a considerable fraction would have had the potential to be captured by the planets. The exclusively distant origin of the injected TNOs may also explain the lack of very red irregular moons.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
title: Multi-detector CT angiography in diagnosis of acute mesenteric ischemia
Creators: name: Corvino, Fabio
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Acute
subject: Embolism / Thrombosis

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Retrospectively evaluate the prognostic-therapeutic impact of multi-detector CT angiography (MDCTA) in the diagnosis of acute bowel...
Temperature-induced valence-state transition in double perovskite Ba2-xSrxTbIrO6
Creators: name: Zhao, Z. Y.
name: Calder, S.
name: Zhou, H. D.
name: He, Z. Z.
name: McGuire, M. A.
name: Yan, J. -Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, a temperature-induced valence-state transition is studied in a narrow composition range of Ba$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$TbIrO$_6$. The valence-state transition involves an electron transfer between Tb and Ir leading to the valence-state change between Tb$^{3+}$/Ir$^{5+}$ and Tb$^{4+}$/Ir$^{4+}$ phases. This first-order transition has a dramatic effect on the lattice, transport properties, and the long-range magnetic order at low temperatures for both Tb and Ir ions. Ir$^{5+}$ ion has an electronic configuration of 5$d^4$ ($J\rm_{eff}$ = 0) which is expected to be nonmagnetic. In contrast, Ir$^{4+}$ ion with a configuration of 5$d^5$($J\rm_{eff}$ = 1/2) favors a long-range magnetic order. For $x$ = 0.1 with Tb$^{3+}$/Ir$^{5+}$ configuration to the lowest temperature (2 K) investigated in this work, a spin-glass behavior is observed around 5 K indicating Ir$^{5+}$ ($J\rm_{eff}$ = 0) ions act as a spacer reducing the magnetic interactions between Tb$^{3+}$ ions. For $x$ = 0.5 with Tb$^{4+}$/Ir$^{4+}$ configuration below the highest temperature 400 K of this work, a long-range antiferromagnetic order at $T\rm_N$ = 40 K is observed highlighting the importance of Ir$^{4+}$ ($J\rm_{eff}$ = 1/2) ions in promoting the long-range magnetic order of both Tb and Ir ions. For 0.2 $\leqslant x \leqslant$ 0.375, a temperature-induced valence-state transition from high-temperature Tb$^{3+}$/Ir$^{5+}$ phase to low-temperature Tb$^{4+}$/Ir$^{4+}$ phase occurs in the temperature range 180 K $\leqslant T \leqslant$ 325 K and the transition temperature increases with $x$. The compositional dependence demonstrates the ability to tune the the valence state for a critical region of $x$ that leads to a concurrent change in magnetism and structure. This tuning ability could be employed with suitable strain in thin films to act as a switch as the magnetism is manipulated.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
title: Do not blame me always! - A refresher review of the non-appendicular causes of right iliac fossa pain.
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Pratik
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To revisit some common and uncommon mimickers of right iliac fossa pain inpatient’s presenting to the emergency department and describe some classic appearances of these...
High purity galacto-oligosaccharides enhance specific Bifidobacterium species and their metabolic activity in the mouse gut microbiome
Creators: name: Jobin,
name: Bruno-Barcena,
name: Arthur,
name: Monteagudo-Mera,
name: Azcarate-Peril,
name: Keku,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Prebiotics are selectively fermented ingredients that result in specific changes in the composition and/or activity of the gastrointestinal microbiota, thus conferring benefit(s) upon the host health. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of a β (1–4) galacto-oligosaccharides formulation consisting of 90% pure GOS (GOS90), on the composition and activity of the mouse gut microbiota. Germ-free mice were colonized with microbiota from four pathogen-free wt 129 mice donors (SPF), and stools were collected during a feeding trial in which GOS90 was delivered orally for 14 days. Pyrosequencing of 16S rDNA amplicons showed that Bifidobacterium and specific Lactobacillus, Bacteroides and Clostridiales were more prevalent in GOS90-fed mice after 14 days, although the prebiotic impact on Bifidobacterium varied among individual mice. Prebiotic feeding also resulted in decreased abundance of Bacteroidales, Helicobacter and Clostridium. High-throughput quantitative PCR showed an increased abundance of Bifidobacterium adolescentis, B. pseudocatenulatum, B. lactis and B. gallicum in the prebiotic-fed mice. Control female mice showed a higher diversity (Phylogenetic Diversity PD = 15.1 ± 3.4 in stools and PD = 13.0 ± 0.6 in intestinal contents) than control males (PD = 7.8 ± 1.6 in stool samples and PD = 9.5 ± 1.0 in intestinal contents). GOS90 did not modify inflammatory biomarkers (IL-6, IL-12, IL-1β, IFN-γ and TNF-α). Decreased butyrate, acetate and lactate concentrations in stools of prebiotic fed mice suggested an increase in colonic absorption and reduced excretion. Overall, our results demonstrate that GOS90 is capable of modulating the intestinal microbiome resulting in expansion of the probiome (autochtonous commensal intestinal bacteria considered to have a beneficial influence on health).
title: Comparison of computer based quantitative CT analysis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis using interspaced and volumetric imaging and evaluation of discordances with radiologist scores
Creators: name: Jacob, Joseph
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Outcomes
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Comparative studies
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Pulmonary vessels
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Sophisticated computer-based analytic tools, such as CALIPER (a software algorithm created at the Biomedical Imaging Resource of the Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA) have been developed to evaluate interstitial lung disease (ILD) on CT...
Inferring sleep disturbance from personal text messages of suicide survivors
Creators: name: Glenn, Jeffrey
name: Valladares, Tara
name: Ladis, Ilana
name: Teachman, Bethany
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Clinical Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: clinical psychology
subject: digital phenotyping
subject: insomnia
subject: LIWC
subject: natural language processing
subject: sleep
subject: suicide
subject: suicide attempts
subject: suicide prevention
subject: text messages
subject: text mining

description: This pre-registration includes a description of the study background, aims, hypotheses, and analytic plan.
title: SMALL BOWEL CROHN´S DISEASE AT THE PRESENT TIME: Is MR enterography as good as barium studies on the diagnosis and management?
Creators: name: gomez san martin, maria esther
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Comparative studies
subject: MR
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Normal 0 21 false false false ES X-NONE X-NONE 1. Describe the radiological signs of Crohn´s disease, both during activity and signs of chronicity and its potential complications, using two imaging tests such as barium studies and MR enterography....
Non-Gaussian semi-stable laws arising in sampling of finite point processes
Creators: name: Pipiras, Vladas
name: Chaudhuri, Ritwik
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: A finite point process is characterized by the distribution of the number of points (the size) of the process. In some applications, for example, in the context of packet flows in modern communication networks, it is of interest to infer this size distribution from the observed sizes of sampled point processes, that is, processes obtained by sampling independently the points of i.i.d. realizations of the original point process. A standard nonparametric estimator of the size distribution has already been suggested in the literature, and has been shown to be asymptotically normal under suitable but restrictive assumptions. When these assumptions are not satisfied, it is shown here that the estimator can be attracted to a semi-stable law. The assumptions are discussed in the case of several concrete examples. A major theoretical contribution of this work are new and quite general sufficient conditions for a sequence of i.i.d. random variables to be attracted to a semi-stable law.
Compatible $L^2$ norm convergence of variable-step L1 scheme for the time-fractional MBE mobel with slope selection
Creators: name: Yang, Yin
name: Wang, Jindi
name: Chen, Yanping
name: Liao, Hong-lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q99, 65M06, 65M12, 74A50

description: The convergence of variable-step L1 scheme is studied for the time-fractional molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) model with slope selection.A novel asymptotically compatible $L^2$ norm error estimate of the variable-step L1 scheme is established under a convergence-solvability-stability (CSS)-consistent time-step constraint. The CSS-consistent condition means that the maximum step-size limit required for convergence is of the same order to that for solvability and stability (in certain norms) as the small interface parameter $ε\rightarrow 0^+$. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time to establish such error estimate for nonlinear subdiffusion problems. The asymptotically compatible convergence means that the error estimate is compatible with that of backward Euler scheme for the classical MBE model as the fractional order $α\rightarrow 1^-$. Just as the backward Euler scheme can maintain the physical properties of the MBE equation, the variable-step L1 scheme can also preserve the corresponding properties of the time-fractional MBE model, including the volume conservation, variational energy dissipation law and $L^2$ norm boundedness. Numerical experiments are presented to support our theoretical results.
description: 23 pages,21 figures,4 tables
US-Bischöfe: Kritik an römischen Vorstellungen über Bischofskonferenzen
Creators: name: Nientiedt, Klaus
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 43 Nr. 1 (1989): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 43, Heft 1
Extending the geometric deformation: New black hole solutions
Creators: name: Ovalle, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the extension of the Minimal Geometric Deformation approach, recently developed to investigate the exterior of a self-gravitating system in the Braneworld, to identified a master solution for the deformation undergone by the radial metric component when time deformations are produced by bulk gravitons. A specific form for the temporal deformation is used to generate a new exterior solution with a tidal charge $Q$. The main feature of this solution is the presence of higher-order terms in the tidal charge, thus generalizing the well known tidally charged solution. The horizon of the black hole lies inside the Schwarzschild radius, $h
description: Based on the contributed lecture given at the 9th Alexander Friedmann International Seminar, June 21-27, 2015, St. Petersburg, Russia
Hydrodynamic backreaction force of cosmological bubble expansion
Creators: name: Wang, Shao-Jiang
name: Yuwen, Zi-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As a promising probe for the new physics beyond the standard model of particle physics in the early Universe, the predictions for the stochastic gravitational wave background from a cosmological first-order phase transition heavily rely on the bubble wall velocity determined by the bubble expansion dynamics. The bubble expansion dynamics is governed by the competition between the driving force from the effective potential difference and the backreaction force from a sum of the thermal force and friction force induced by the temperature jumping and out-of-equilibrium effects across the bubble wall, respectively. In this paper, we propose a hydrodynamic evaluation on this total backreaction force for a non-runaway steady-state bubble expansion, which, after evaluated at the wall interface, exactly reproduces the pressure difference $Δ_\mathrm{wall}[(\barγ^2-1)w]$ obtained previously from the junction condition of the total energy-momentum tensor at the wall interface, where $w$ is the enthalpy and $\barγ\equiv(1-\bar{v}^2)^{-1/2}$ is the Lorentz factor of the wall-frame fluid velocity $\bar{v}$.
description: v1, 5 pages + appendix, 2 figures; v2, 15 pages, 2 figures, major revision with structure rearranged and discussion extended, conclusion unchanged, version accepted by Physical Review D; v3, published version; v4, typos corrected (a plus-minus sign and subscripts), conclusion untouched
title: A Study of Clinical, Radiologic and Pathologic findings for patients with suspected Pulmonary Embolism
Creators: name: Mohamad, Fauzah
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Embolism / Thrombosis
subject: Embolisation
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: Pulmonary vessels

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is a common and possibly lethal condition.Approximately 2% of in hospital death are attributed to PE (1). Delays in pulmonary embolism diagnosis are frequentin spite of diagnostic advances(2). CT pulmonary angiogram...
Preventing type 2 diabetes: Changing the food industry
Creators: name: Popkin, Barry M.
name: Kenan,
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Improving our global diet by working with the food industry is a fairly complex task. Previously the global food manufacturing companies and governments were the major players. However, matters have shifted rapidly so that food retailers, food manufacturers, the restaurant–food service sector, and agribusinesses are now the major players. The current modern system of packaged processed food has now penetrated the globe—rich and poor, rural and urban are all in reach of this food system. Consequently, working with this complex sector when possible and an array of governmental regulatory large-scale options to improve our diet have increased in importance. Taxation of unhealthy foods and beverages, marketing controls, and front of the package labeling are the primary current options. Evaluations of the impacts of both public and industry initiatives are needed.
Grand Unification in the Spectral Pati-Salam Model
Creators: name: Chamseddine, Ali H.
name: Connes, Alain
name: van Suijlekom, Walter D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the running at one-loop of the gauge couplings in the spectral Pati-Salam model that was derived in the framework of noncommutative geometry. There are a few different scenario's for the scalar particle content which are determined by the precise form of the Dirac operator for the finite noncommutative space. We consider these different scenarios and establish for all of them unification of the Pati-Salam gauge couplings. The boundary conditions are set by the usual RG flow for the Standard Model couplings at an intermediate mass scale at which the Pati-Salam symmetry is broken.
description: 8 pages
title: Quantification of Contrast Agent’s Effect on Diffusion Weighted Imaging and Apparent Diffusion Coefficient
Creators: name: Celik, Azim
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Contrast agent-other
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: MR
subject: MR physics
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Artifacts

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is almost always performed before the injection of contrast agent in clinical practice but they may need to be repeated post-contrast occasionally. However, the potential effects of contrast agent on DWI and Apparent...
FutureScape
Creators: name: Ward, Rebecca V.
name: Cothron, Cayla
name: Sanchez, Georgina M.
name: Cawley, Max
name: Butzler, Emma
name: Seekamp, Erin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: FutureScape is a serious game designed to elicit human behavior in the face of climate change, simulating real-world policy deliberations under conditions of imperfect information, limited resources, and pressing time constraints. Players navigate future scenarios informed by real scientific data and models. FutureScape implements the Resist-Accept-Direct (RAD) framework, a decision-making tool adapted from real-world strategies to address ecological changes.

FutureScape was designed by an interdisciplinary team of coastal resilience and geospatial scientists, coastal planning specialists, and engagement and storytelling experts. It was initially developed to support and debuted during an April 2024 workshop, “Envisioning Transformations in North Carolina’s Coastal Plain”, which brought together experts from academia, state government, and non-governmental organizations to collectively envision a just, sustainable, and resilient future for North Carolina’s coastal plain.

This repository includes comprehensive documentation (FutureScape_v1.0.pdf) detailing the game’s rules, setup, and required materials, including the game board (FutureScape_v1.0_GameBoard.png).

For questions or assistance with FutureScape, contact NC State University’s Coastal Resilience and Sustainability Initiative: coastalresilience@ncsu.edu.
Growth and Containment of a Hierarchical Criminal Network
Creators: name: Marshak, Charles Z.
name: Rombach, M. Puck
name: Bertozzi, Andrea L.
name: D'Orsogna, Maria R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We model the hierarchical evolution of an organized criminal network via antagonistic recruitment and pursuit processes. Within the recruitment phase, a criminal kingpin enlists new members into the network, who in turn seek out other affiliates. New recruits are linked to established criminals according to a probability distribution that depends on the current network structure. At the same time, law enforcement agents attempt to dismantle the growing organization using pursuit strategies that initiate on the lower level nodes and that unfold as self-avoiding random walks. The global details of the organization are unknown to law enforcement, who must explore the hierarchy node by node. We halt the pursuit when certain local criteria of the network are uncovered, encoding if and when an arrest is made; the criminal network is assumed to be eradicated if the kingpin is arrested. We first analyze recruitment and study the large scale properties of the growing network; later we add pursuit and use numerical simulations to study the eradication probability in the case of three pursuit strategies, the time to first eradication and related costs. Within the context of this model, we find that eradication becomes increasingly costly as the network increases in size and that the optimal way of arresting the kingpin is to intervene at the early stages of network formation. We discuss our results in the context of dark network disruption and their implications on possible law enforcement strategies.
description: 16 pages, 11 Figures; New title; Updated figures with color scheme better suited for colorblind readers and for gray scale printing
LCFIPlus: A Framework for Jet Analysis in Linear Collider Studies
Creators: name: Suehara, Taikan
name: Tanabe, Tomohiko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the progress in flavor identification tools developed for a future $e^+e^-$ linear collider such as the International Linear Collider (ILC) and Compact Linear Collider (CLIC). Building on the work carried out by the LCFIVertex collaboration, we employ new strategies in vertex finding and jet finding, and introduce new discriminating variables for jet flavor identification. We present the performance of the new algorithms in the conditions simulated using a detector concept designed for the ILC. The algorithms have been successfully used in ILC physics simulation studies, such as those presented in the ILC Technical Design Report.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
A negative-feedback loop regulating ERK1/2 activation and mediated by RasGPR2 phosphorylation
Creators: name: Bergmeier, Wolfgang
name: Sondek, John
name: Cook, Aaron A.
name: Ren, Jinqi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The dynamic regulation of ERK1 and −2 (ERK1/2) is required for precise signal transduction controlling cell proliferation, differentiation, and survival. However, the underlying mechanisms regulating the activation of ERK1/2 are not completely understood. In this study, we show that phosphorylation of RasGRP2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF), inhibits its ability to activate the small GTPase Rap1 that ultimately leads to decreased activation of ERK1/2 in cells. ERK2 phosphorylates RasGRP2 at Ser394 located in the linker region implicated in its autoinhibition. These studies identify RasGRP2 as a novel substrate of ERK1/2 and define a negative-feedback loop that regulates the BRaf–MEK–ERK signaling cascade. This negative-feedback loop determines the amplitude and duration of active ERK1/2.
Resolving Gas Flows in the Ultraluminous Starburst IRAS23365+3604 with Keck LGSAO/OSIRIS
Creators: name: Martin, Crystal L.
name: Soto, Kurt T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Keck OSIRIS/LGSAO observations of the ultraluminous galaxy IRAS~23365+3604 resolve a circumnuclear bar (or irregular disk) of semimajor axis 0.42" (520 pc) in Paschen-alpha emission. The line-of-sight velocity of the ionized gas increases from the northeast toward the southwest; this gradient is perpendicular to the photometric major axis of the infrared emission. Two pairs of bends in the zero-velocity line are detected. The inner bend provides evidence for gas inflow onto the circumnuclear disk/bar structure. We interpret the gas kinematics on kiloparsec scales in relation to the molecular gas disk and multiphase outflow discovered previously. In particular, the fast component of the outflow (detected previously in line wings) is not detected, adding support to the conjecture that the fast wind originates well beyond the nucleus. These data directly show the dynamics of gas inflow and outflow in the central kiloparsec of a late-stage, gas-rich merger and demonstrate the potential of integral field spectroscopy to improve our understanding of the role of gas flows during the growth phase of bulges and supermassive black holes.
description: 14 pages with 7 figures accepted to the astrophysical journal
Ideology, Electability, and Valence
Creators: name: Magazinnik, Asya
name: Kocak, Korhan
name: Abramson, Scott
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Voters in primary elections face a complex multidimensional choice problem. Quite often, strong partisans face (or believe they face) a trade-off between a candidate who shares their ideological preferences and one who will have broad-based appeal in the general election, thus having the best chance of defeating the other party. Another important set of considerations is the descriptive characteristics of candidates that matter to voters to varying degrees, including race and gender identity. We propose a survey methodology to measure how voters make trade-offs between ideology, electability, and valence characteristics when these considerations are in conflict. Our approach allows us to not only compute a respondent-level “willingness to pay” for one dimension of choice in terms of another, but to deduce voter “types,” or decisionmaking heuristics—for instance, identity voting, strong partisanship, or policy preferences—from their survey responses. We intend to measure the prevalence of each type among a representative sample of Democrats in Florida—a swing state where electability is of critical importance—and to learn how these types correlate with voter characteristics such as age, education, gender, and race.
title: Computed tomography imaging of complicated hepatic hydatid cysts
Creators: name: Ben Amara, Imen
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Parasites
subject: Cysts
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Emergency
subject: Abdomen

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: CT is the imaging modality of choice for the diagnosis of hepatic hydatid cyst complications. Accurate interpretation of CT examinations requires: To understand the pathophysiologic mechanisms of hepatic hydatid cyst complications. To be oriented by...
Primordial trispectrum from kSZ tomography
Creators: name: Kumar, Neha Anil
name: Sato-Polito, Gabriela
name: Kamionkowski, Marc
name: Hotinli, Selim C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The kinetic Sunyaev Zel'dovich effect is a secondary CMB temperature anisotropy that provides a powerful probe of the radial-velocity field of matter distributed across the Universe. This velocity field is reconstructed by combining high-resolution CMB measurements with galaxy survey data, and it provides an unbiased tracer of matter perturbations in the linear regime. In this paper, we show how this measurement can be used to probe primordial non-Gaussianity of the local type, particularly focusing on the trispectrum amplitude $τ_{\rm NL}$, as may arise in a simple two-field inflation model that we provide by way of illustration. Cross-correlating the velocity-field-derived matter distribution with the biased large-scale galaxy density field allows one to measure the scale-dependent bias factor with sample variance cancellation. We forecast that a configuration corresponding to CMB-S4 and VRO results in a sensitivity of $σ_{f_{\rm NL}} \approx 0.59$ and $σ_{τ_{\rm NL}} \approx 1.5$. These forecasts predict improvement factors of 10 and 195 for $σ_{f_{\rm NL}}$ and $σ_{τ_{\rm NL}}$, respectively, over the sensitivity using VRO data alone, without internal sample variance cancellation. Similarly, for a configuration corresponding to DESI and SO, we forecast a sensitivity of $σ_{f_{\rm NL}} \approx 3.1$ and $σ_{τ_{\rm NL}} \approx 69$, with improvement factors of 2 and 5, respectively, over the use of the DESI data-set in isolation. We find that a high galaxy number density and large survey volume considerably improve our ability to probe the amplitude of the primordial trispectrum for the multi-field model considered.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Cafeteria diet-induced obesity causes oxidative damage in white adipose
Creators: name: Wilkerson, Matthew D.
name: Johnson, Amy R.
name: Makowski, Liza
name: Hayes, D. Neil
name: Troester, Melissa A.
name: Sampey, Brante P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Obesity continues to be one of the most prominent public health dilemmas in the world. The complex interaction among the varied causes of obesity makes it a particularly challenging problem to address. While typical high-fat purified diets successfully induce weight gain in rodents, we have described a more robust model of diet-induced obesity based on feeding rats a diet consisting of highly palatable, energy-dense human junk foods – the “cafeteria” diet (CAF, 45-53% kcal from fat). We previously reported that CAF-fed rats became hyperphagic, gained more weight, and developed more severe hyperinsulinemia, hyperglycemia, and glucose intolerance compared to the lard-based 45% kcal from fat high fat diet–fed group. In addition, the CAF diet-fed group displayed a higher degree of inflammation in adipose and liver, mitochondrial dysfunction, and an increased concentration of lipid-derived, pro-inflammatory mediators. Building upon our previous findings, we aimed to determine mechanisms that underlie physiologic findings in the CAF diet. We investigated the effect of CAF diet-induced obesity on adipose tissue specifically using expression arrays and immunohistochemistry. Genomic evidence indicated the CAF diet induced alterations in the white adipose gene transcriptome, with notable suppression of glutathione-related genes and pathways involved in mitigating oxidative stress. Immunohistochemical analysis indicated a doubling in adipose lipid peroxidation marker 4-HNE levels compared to rats that remained lean on control standard chow diet. Our data indicates that the CAF diet drives an increase in oxidative damage in white adipose tissue that may affect tissue homeostasis. Oxidative stress drives activation of inflammatory kinases that can perturb insulin signaling leading to glucose intolerance and diabetes.
title: Evaluation of rejection after the renal transplant in patient using MR Diffusion Tensor Imaging
Creators: name: Celik, Azim
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Abdomen
subject: MR
subject: MR-Diffusion/Perfusion
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Imaging sequences
subject: Transplantation

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Renal transplantation is a very important treatment for patients with end-stage chronic kidney disease. Monitoring those patient post-transplant is also quite important to follow up. The most common complication, rejection, can be diagnosed with the...
title: The role of MRI in the management of Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms
Creators: name: Ben Farhat, Leila
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Dilatation
subject: Cysts
subject: Cancer
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: Intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) represent an increasingly recognized entity. They arise from epithelial cells lining the pancreatic ducts with production of excessive amounts of mucine. This excessive production of mucin is...
Solving the $H_{0}$ tension in $f(T)$ Gravity through Bayesian Machine Learning
Creators: name: Aljaf, Muhsin
name: Elizalde, Emilio
name: Khurshudyan, Martiros
name: Myrzakulov, Kairat
name: Zhadyranova, Aliya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian Machine Learning~(BML) and strong lensing time delay~(SLTD) techniques are used in order to tackle the $H_{0}$ tension in $f(T)$ gravity. The power of BML relies on employing a model-based generative process which already plays an important role in different domains of cosmology and astrophysics, being the present work a further proof of this. Three viable $f(T)$ models are considered: a power law, an exponential, and a squared exponential model. The learned constraints and respective results indicate that the exponential model, $f(T)=αT_{0}\left(1-e^{-p T / T_{0}}\right)$, has the capability to solve the $H_{0}$ tension quite efficiently. The forecasting power and robustness of the method are shown by considering different redshift ranges and parameters for the lenses and sources involved. The lesson learned is that these values can strongly affect our understanding of the $H_{0}$ tension, as it does happen in the case of the model considered. The resulting constraints of the learning method are eventually validated by using the observational Hubble data(OHD).
description: 15 pages, 5 Tables, 9 Figures
Fear of backlash in men for childcare (including changes to pre-registration)
Creators: name: Block, Katharina
name: Schmader, Toni
name: Van Grootel, Sanne
name: olsson, maria
name: Meeussen, Loes
name: Martiny, Sarah
name: Schuster, Carolin
name: Wee, Sheila
name: Sun, Molly
name: Croft, Alyssa
name: van Laar, Colette
name: Camerman, Eline
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Multicultural Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: backlash
subject: childcare
subject: fear of backlash
subject: gender
subject: gender across cultures
subject: gender equality
subject: UCOM

description: This repository contains detailed materials pre-registering a specific sub-project of the larger UCOM project. This sub-project specifically concerns predicting men’s fear of backlash for child care using country-level indicators. This repository contains a detailed pre-registration document, a document indicating changes to this original pre-registration, and an updated variable overview.
Teaching evolution in elementary schools by following Darwin's footsteps
Creators: name: Pessoa, Patricia
name: Sá-Pinto, Xana
name: Mavrikaki, Evangelia
name: Pinto, Alexandre
name: Ribeiro, Joana
name: Sarmento, Inês
name: Rodrigues, Leonor R.
name: Vázquez-Ben, Lucía
name: Lopes, Joaquim Bernardino
name: Rocha, João
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: teaching evolution
video abstract
educational activity
Darwin
natural selection
elementary schools

description: This item is a video abstract of the paper that describes and evaluates an educational activity to teach evolution in elementary schools. The paper is published in Ecology and Evolution and is entitled "Following Darwin’s footsteps: Evaluating the impact of an activity designed for elementary school students to link historically important evolution key concepts on their understanding of natural selection" DOI of the paper: https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.7849
A deep near-infrared survey toward the Aquila molecular cloud - I. Molecular hydrogen outflows
Creators: name: Zhang, Miaomiao
name: Fang, Min
name: Wang, Hongchi
name: Sun, Jia
name: Wang, Min
name: Jiang, Zhibo
name: Anathpindika, Sumedh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed an unbiased deep near-infrared survey toward the Aquila molecular cloud with a sky coverage of ~1 deg2. We identified 45 molecular hydrogen emission-line objects(MHOs), of which only 11 were previously known. Using the Spitzer archival data we also identified 802 young stellar objects (YSOs) in this region. Based on the morphology and the location of MHOs and YSO candidates, we associate 43 MHOs with 40 YSO candidates. The distribution of jet length shows an exponential decrease in the number of outflows with increasing length and the molecular hydrogen outflows seem to be oriented randomly. Moreover, there is no obvious correlation between jet lengths, jet opening angles, or jet H2 1-0 S(1) luminosities and spectral indices of the possible driving sources in this region. We also suggest that molecular hydrogen outflows in the Aquila molecular cloud are rather weak sources of turbulence, unlikely to generate the observed velocity dispersion in the region of survey.
description: 77 pages, 2 tables, 53 figures, accepted by ApJS
Alternatives to Antibiotics for Poultry Production: A Review
Creators: name: Manju Lata*, B.C. Mondal**
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: INTRODUCTION:

Poultry production is amongst the most advanced agribusiness production chains in the world. During the last few decades, the poultry industry in India has undergone a major shift in structure and operation transforming from a mere backyard activity into a major industry with the presence of a large number of integrated players. This transformation has involved a sizeable investment in breeding, rearing and processing activities (Sitaram, 2020). According to 20th Livestock census (2019), the total poultry population in India is 851.81 million i.e. an increase of 16.8% over previous census. The total commercial poultry is 534.74 million i.e. increase of 4.5% over previous census. Different feed additives, including biologically synthesized nanoparticles, probiotics, prebiotics, synbiotics, herbal extract, essential oils, organic acids, enzymes, essential amino acids, etc., have been widely used to substitute the use of AGPs. Common feed additives include antibiotics, probiotics, prebiotics, and enzymes. Phytogenic feed additives (PFAs) are another promising type of alternative. This phytogenic class contains four main subgroups: herbs, botanicals, essential oils, and oleoresins. These herbal products (cinnamon, ginger, pepper, turmeric, etc.) positively affect bird performance and health due to their antimicrobial, antioxidant, immune-boosting, and gut manipulation properties.
Taub-NUT Dynamics with a Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Jante, Rogelio
name: Schroers, Bernd J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study classical and quantum dynamics on the Euclidean Taub-NUT geometry coupled to an abelian gauge field with self-dual curvature and show that, even though Taub-NUT has neither bounded orbits nor quantum bound states, the magnetic binding via the gauge field produces both. The conserved Runge-Lenz vector of Taub-NUT dynamics survives, in a modified form, in the gauged model and allows for an essentially algebraic computation of classical trajectories and energies of quantum bound states. We also compute scattering cross sections and find a surprising electric-magnetic duality. Finally, we exhibit the dynamical symmetry behind the conserved Runge-Lenz and angular momentum vectors in terms of a twistorial formulation of phase space.
description: 36 pages, three figures
Link Prediction with Node Clustering Coefficient
Creators: name: Wu, Zhihao
name: Lin, Youfang
name: Wang, Jing
name: Gregory, Steve
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting missing links in incomplete complex networks efficiently and accurately is still a challenging problem. The recently proposed CAR (Cannistrai-Alanis-Ravai) index shows the power of local link/triangle information in improving link-prediction accuracy. With the information of level-2 links, which are links between common-neighbors, most classical similarity indices can be improved. Nevertheless, calculating the number of level-2 links makes CAR index not efficient enough. Inspired by the idea of employing local link/triangle information, we propose a new similarity index with more local structure information. In our method, local link/triangle structure information can be conveyed by clustering coefficient of common neighbors directly. The reason why clustering coefficient has good effectiveness in estimating the contribution of a common-neighbor is because that it employs links existing between neighbors of the common-neighbor and these links have the same structural position with the candidate link to this common-neighbor. Ten real-world networks drawn from five various fields are used to test the performance of our method against to classical similarity indices and recently proposed CAR index. Two estimators: precision and AUP, are used to evaluate the accuracy of link prediction algorithms. Generally speaking, our new index only performs competitively with CAR, but it is a good complement to CAR for networks with not very high LCP-corr, which is a measure to estimate the correlation between number of common-neighbors and number of links between common-neighbors. Besides, the proposed index is also more efficient than CAR index.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures