cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Giant Rashba-splitting of one-dimensional metallic states in Bi dimer lines on InAs(100)
Creators: name: Sheverdyaeva, Polina M.
name: Bihlmayer, Gustav
name: Modesti, Silvio
name: Feyer, Vitaliy
name: Jugovac, Matteo
name: Zamborlini, Giovanni
name: Tusche, Christian
name: Chen, Ying-Jiun
name: Tan, Xin Liang
name: Thakur, Sangeeta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Giant Rashba-splitting
subject: one-dimensional metallic states
subject: Bi dimer lines
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Bismuth produces different types of ordered superstructures on the InAs(100) surface, depending on the growth procedure and coverage. The (2 × 1) phase forms at completion of one Bi monolayer and consists of a uniformly oriented array of parallel lines of Bi dimers. Scanning tunneling and core level spectroscopies demonstrate its metallic character, in contrast with the semiconducting properties expected on the basis of the electron counting principle. The weak electronic coupling among neighboring lines gives rise to quasi one-dimensional Bi-derived bands with open contours at the Fermi level. Spin- and angle-resolved photoelectron spectroscopy reveals a giant Rashba splitting of these bands, in good agreement with ab initio electronic structure calculations. The very high density of the dimer lines, the metallic and quasi one-dimensional band dispersion and the Rashba-like spin texture make the Bi/InAs(100)-(2 × 1) phase an intriguing system, where novel transport regimes can be studied.
Vector Wave Propagation in Localized Moving Medium (Regrider Model)
Creators: name: Hliievyi, Serhii
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Physics
Light
Relativity
Wave propagation
Vacuum
Regrider

description: A vector wave model of light propagation in a local moving medium — the regrider — is proposed. Light is considered as a wave maintaining a constant speed C relative to its local medium, which itself may be in motion. The presented model includes the special theory of relativity as a particular case, arising when Sk = 0, where Sk is the velocity of the local medium (regrider) relative to an external observer. Physical analogies are described, the mathematical model is formalized, and experimental predictions are provided — including scenarios involving stationary vacuum. The model may be useful for revisiting the wave picture of light and expanding the theoretical toolkit in optics, astrophysics, and fundamental physics.
Antibacterial Activity of Isolated Compounds from Allophylus spicatus (Poir.) Radlk (Sapindacea)
Creators: name: Okpala, Ejike Onwudiegwu
name: Onocha, Patricia Akpomedaye
name: Ali, Muhammad Shaiq
name: Odeja, Oluwakayode Olubunmi
name: Ibok, Michael Gabriel
name: Eneogwe, Godfrey Okechukwu
name: Lateef, Mehreen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Phytochemical investigation on the roots of Allophylus spicatus (Sapindacea) led to the isolation of four compounds, namely cleomiscosin A (1), cleomiscosin C (2), scopoletin (3) and 3-oxotirucalla-7,24-dien-24-oic acid (4). The structures of the compounds were established by spectroscopic analysis: UV, IR, 1D and 2D NMR, EI-MS and HR-EI-MS and compared with the literature. These compounds are reported for the first time from the plant. The compounds showed potent antibacterial activity, marked inhibition against most of the tested bacterial strains: Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Salmonella typhi (ATCC 25923), Klebsiella pneumonia (ATCC 13883), Streptococcus faecalis (ATCC 29212) and Micrococcus luteus (ATCC 10240), with a zone of inhibition between 0.7±0.35 - 16±0.46 mm as compared with the zone of inhibition of Streptomycin (20±0.34 - 31±0.29 mm), a known antibacterial drug used as the standard. The antibacterial activity of the isolated phytochemicals could be responsible for the plant ethno-medicinal uses.
Sarkopenie: Untersuchungen zu Prävalenz, Assoziation mit metabolischen und funktionellen Parametern sowie potentiellen therapeutischen Ansätzen im Rahmen der Berliner Altersstudie II (BASE-II)
Creators: name: Spira, Dominik
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: sarcopenia
subject: aging
subject: frailty
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Die Sarkopenie, das zentrale Thema dieser Arbeit, bezeichnet einen fortschreitenden und generalisierten Prozess eines zunehmenden Verlustes an Muskelmasse, Muskelkraft und muskulärer Funktion, welcher ab einem bestimmten Ausmaß auch zu negativen Folgen wie erhöhter Sturzhäufigkeit und funktionellen Einbußen führen kann. Die Sarkopenie gilt als wesentlich mit dem Alterungsprozess und den damit einhergehenden Veränderungen in der Muskulatur assoziiert. Der Schwerpunkt dieser Arbeit lag auf der Bestimmung der Prävalenz der Sarkopenie gemäß den zum Zeitpunkt der Untersuchungen empfohlenen diagnostischen Kriterien und der Analyse von Zusammenhängen zwischen Sarkopenie einerseits und möglichen Ursachen sowie auch Folgen der Sarkopenie andererseits. Ergänzt wurde dieser Schwerpunkt durch methodische Fragestellungen in Hinblick auf die diagnostischen Kriterien und Überlegungen hinsichtlich möglicher therapeutischer Optionen. In den vorgestellten Originalarbeiten konnte gezeigt werden, dass auch bei noch vergleichsweise gesunden älteren Menschen eine als relevant hoch einzuschätzende Prävalenz der Sarkopenie vorliegen kann. Es zeigte sich dabei auch, dass methodische Aspekte wie die Verwendung unterschiedlicher Parameter der Muskelmasse die Erhebung der Sarkopenieprävalenz stark beeinflussen können. Ferner waren signifikante Unterschiede zwischen zwei dieser untersuchten Parameter zu beobachten was deren Assoziation zu Pre-Frailty/Frailty und zu selbstberichteten Limitationen der physischen Performance und damit potentiellen Folgen der Sarkopenie angeht. In weiteren Analysen konnte gezeigt werden, dass ein Diabetes mellitus Typ 2 mit Sarkopenie assoziiert ist und eine niedrige Muskelmasse mit einer ausgeprägteren Insulinresistenz einherzugehen scheint, wobei hier die Kausalität aufgrund der Limitation querschnittlicher Analysen vorerst unklar bleibt. In weiteren Analysen ergaben sich zudem Hinweise, dass Störungen der thyreoidalen Funktion eine Sarkopenie begünstigen könnten. Dieser mögliche Effekt scheint sich jedoch insbesondere in Hinblick auf eine hypothyreote Stoffwechsellage in höherem Alter abzuschwächen. Ein positiver Zusammenhang zwischen der Einnahme von Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) – Hemmern und mehreren Parametern der Sarkopenie, hypothetisch möglich aufgrund potentieller protektiver Effekte von ACE-Hemmern auf die Skelettmuskulatur, fand sich nicht.
Characterization of antimicrobial use and co-infections among hospitalized patients with COVID-19: a prospective observational cohort study
Creators: name: Lingscheid, Tilman
name: Lippert, Lena J.
name: Hillus, David
name: Kruis, Tassilo
name: Thibeault, Charlotte
name: Helbig, Elisa T.
name: Tober-Lau, Pinkus
name: Pfäfflin, Frieder
name: Müller-Redetzky, Holger
name: Witzenrath, Martin
name: Zoller, Thomas
name: Uhrig, Alexander
name: Opitz, Bastian
name: Suttorp, Norbert
name: Kramer, Tobias S.
name: Sander, Leif E.
name: Stegemann, Miriam S.
name: Kurth, Florian
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: SARS-CoV-2
subject: Antimicrobial stewardship
subject: Antimicrobial resistance
subject: Bloodstream infections
subject: Co-infection
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: To investigate antimicrobial use and primary and nosocomial infections in hospitalized COVID-19 patients to provide data for guidance of antimicrobial therapy. Methods: Prospective observational cohort study conducted at Charite-Universitatsmedizin Berlin, including patients hospitalized with SARS-CoV-2-infection between March and November 2020. Results: 309 patients were included, 231 directly admitted and 78 transferred from other centres. Antimicrobial therapy was initiated in 62/231 (26.8%) of directly admitted and in 44/78 (56.4%) of transferred patients. The rate of microbiologically confirmed primary co-infections was 4.8% (11/231). Although elevated in most COVID-19 patients, C-reactive protein and procalcitonin levels were higher in patients with primary co-infections than in those without (median CRP 110 mg/l, IQR 51-222 vs. 36, IQR 11-101, respectively; p < 0.0001). Nosocomial bloodstream and respiratory infections occurred in 47/309 (15.2%) and 91/309 (29.4%) of patients, respectively, and were associated with need for invasive mechanical ventilation (OR 45.6 95%CI 13.7-151.8 and 104.6 95%CI 41.5-263.5, respectively), extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (OR 14.3 95%CI 6.5-31.5 and 16.5 95%CI 6.5-41.6, respectively), and haemodialysis (OR 31.4 95%CI 13.9-71.2 and OR 22.3 95%CI 11.2-44.2, respectively). The event of any nosocomial infection was significantly associated with in-hospital death (33/99 (33.3%) with nosocomial infection vs. 23/210 (10.9%) without, OR 4.1 95%CI 2.2-7.3). Conclusions: Primary co-infections are rare, yet antimicrobial use was frequent, mostly based on clinical worsening and elevated inflammation markers without clear evidence for co-infection. More reliable diagnostic prospects may help to reduce overtreatment. Rates of nosocomial infections are substantial in severely ill patients on organ support and associated with worse patient outcome.
Scattering equations, generating functions and all massless five point tree amplitudes
Creators: name: Kalousios, Chrysostomos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that one does not need to know the explicit solutions of the scattering equations in order to evaluate a given amplitude. We consider the most general quantity consistent with SL(2,C) invariance that can appear in an amplitude that admits a scattering equation description. This quantity depends on all cross ratios that can be formed from n points and we evaluate it for the first non-trivial case of n=5. The combinatorial nature of the problem is captured through the construction of an appropriate generating function that depends on five variables.
description: 11 pages; published version, clarifications added and minor typos corrected
Quantum Non-Locality and the CMB: what Experiments say
Creators: name: Consoli, Maurizio
name: Pluchino, Alessandro
name: Zizzi, Paola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Non-Locality is most naturally incorporated into a theory in which there is a special frame of reference. One possible candidate for this special frame of reference is the one in which the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) is isotropic. However, other than the fact that a realistic interpretation of quantum mechanics requires a preferred frame and the CMB provides us with one, there is no readily apparent reason why the two should be linked" (L. Hardy). Starting from this remark we first argue that, given the present view of the vacuum, the basic tenets of Quantum Field Theory cannot guarantee that Einstein Special Relativity, with no preferred frame, is the physically realized version of relativity. Then, to try to understand the nature of the hypothetical preferred $Σ-$frame, we consider the so called ether-drift experiments, those precise optical measurements that try to detect in laboratory a small angular dependence of the two-way velocity of light and then to correlate this angular dependence with the direct CMB observations with satellites in space. By considering all experiments performed so far, from Michelson-Morley to the present experiments with optical resonators, and analyzing the small observed residuals in a modern theoretical framework, the long sought $Σ-$ frame tight to the CMB naturally emerges. Finally, if quantum non-locality reflects some effect propagating at vastly superluminal speed $v_{QI} \to \infty $, its ultimate origin could be hidden somewhere in the infinitely large speed $c_s \to \infty$ of the vacuum density fluctuations.
description: Version accepted by MDPI for publication in Universe. 43 pages, 9 figures, 1 Table. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2109.03047
Glandulariini
Creators: name: Jałoszyński, Paweł
name: Perkovsky, Evgeny
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Staphylinidae

description: Glandulariini genus & species indet. 2
(Figs 34, 221–224)
Material studied. Late Eocene of Europe, Rovno amber: sex unknown; inclusion in irregular, approximately rectangular piece of amber 23.5 mm long (Fig. 34), collection number K-7089 (SIZK).
This specimen is exposed only in lateral view and surrounded by a system of cracks that obscures most of fine details as well as the general silhouette, and proper description is not possible. The beetle has BL 1.18 mm; HL 0.18 mm, AnL about 0.53 mm; PL 0.25 mm, PW 0.33 mm; EL 0.75 mm. Antennae (Fig. 224) are gradually and relatively strongly thickened, with antennomeres I–V strongly elongate, VI slightly elongate, VII and VIII about as long as broad, IX and X strongly transverse, XI distinctly shorter than IX–X combined, about 1.5 × as long as broad, about as broad as X and narrowly rounded at apex. Pronotum (Fig. 224) seems to have only one lateral pair of antebasal pits (Fig. 224; abp).
Remarks. It is not possible to identify this specimen beyond the tribe (which is evident on the basis of the structure of maxillary palps), even though it is relatively well-preserved and not very small. However, important characters are obscured by exceptionally turbid amber surrounding the beetle and possibly only methods based on microtomography could reveal details useful to characterize the genus.
description: Published as part of Jałoszyński, Paweł & Perkovsky, Evgeny, 2016, Diversity of Scydmaeninae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Upper Eocene Rovno amber, pp. 1-85 in Zootaxa 4157 (1) on page 75, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4157.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/262413
Impact of myopenia and myosteatosis on postoperative outcome and recurrence in Crohn’s disease
Creators: name: Pozios, Ioannis
name: Kaufmann, David
name: Boubaris, Katharina
name: Seeliger, Hendrik
name: Weixler, Benjamin
name: Stroux, Andrea
name: Kamphues, Carsten
name: Margonis, Georgios Antonios
name: Kreis, Martin E.
name: Beyer, Katharina
name: Seifarth, Claudia
name: Lauscher, Johannes C.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Myopenia
subject: Myosteatosis
subject: Crohn's disease
subject: Anastomotic leakage
subject: Postoperative outcome
subject: Recurrence
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Purpose: Myopenia and myosteatosis have been proposed to be prognostic factors of surgical outcomes for various diseases, but their exact role in Crohn's disease (CD) is unknown. The aim of this study is to evaluate their impact on anastomotic leakage, CD recurrence, and postoperative complications after ileocecal resection in patients with CD. Methods: A retrospective analysis of CD patients undergoing ileocecal resection at our tertiary referral center was performed. To assess myopenia, skeletal muscle index (skeletal muscle area normalized for body height) was measured using an established image analysis method at third lumbar vertebra level on MRI cross-sectional images. Muscle signal intensity was measured to assess myosteatosis index. Results: A total of 347 patients were retrospectively analyzed. An adequate abdominal MRI scan within 12 months prior to surgery was available for 223 patients with median follow-up time of 48.8 months (IQR: 20.0-82.9). Anastomotic leakage rate was not associated with myopenia (SMI: p = 0.363) or myosteatosis index (p = 0.821). Patients with Crohn's recurrence had a significantly lower SMI (p = 0.047) in univariable analysis, but SMI was not an independent factor for recurrent anastomotic stenosis in multivariable analysis (OR 0.951, 95% CI 0.840-1.078; p = 0.434). Postoperative complications were not associated with myopenia or myosteatosis. Conclusion: Based on the largest cohort of its kind with a long follow-up time, we could provide some data that MRI parameters for myopenia and myosteatosis may not be reliable predictors of postoperative outcome or recurrence in patients with Crohn's disease undergoing ileocecal resection.
Evolution of spherical overdensities in holographic dark energy models
Creators: name: Naderi, Tayebe
name: Malekjani, Mohammad
name: Pace, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we investigate the spherical collapse model in flat FRW dark energy universes. We consider the Holographic Dark Energy (HDE) model as a dynamical dark energy scenario with a slowly time-varying equation-of-state (EoS) parameter $w_{\rm de}$ in order to evaluate the effects of the dark energy component on structure formation in the universe. We first calculate the evolution of density perturbations in the linear regime for both phantom and quintessence behavior of the HDE model and compare the results with standard Einstein-de Sitter (EdS) and $Λ$CDM models. We then calculate the evolution of two characterizing parameters in the spherical collapse model, i.e., the linear density threshold $δ_{\rm c}$ and the virial overdensity parameter $Δ_{\rm vir}$. We show that in HDE cosmologies the growth factor $g(a)$ and the linear overdensity parameter $δ_{\rm c}$ fall behind the values for a $Λ$CDM universe while the virial overdensity $Δ_{\rm vir}$ is larger in HDE models than in the $Λ$CDM model. We also show that the ratio between the radius of the spherical perturbations at the virialization and turn-around time is smaller in HDE cosmologies than that predicted in a $Λ$CDM universe. Hence the growth of structures starts earlier in HDE models than in $Λ$CDM cosmologies and more concentrated objects can form in this case. It has been shown that the non-vanishing surface pressure leads to smaller virial radius and larger virial overdensity $Δ_{\rm vir}$. We compare the predicted number of halos in HDE cosmologies and find out that in general this value is smaller than for $Λ$CDM models at higher redshifts and we compare different mass function prescriptions. Finally, we compare the results of the HDE models with observations.
description: accepted in MNRAS
A Clerodane Diterpene from Aquarius scaber (Rataj) Christenh. & Byng leaves as Inhibitor of Leishmania mexicana Trypanosomatid Enzymes
Creators: name: Lopes, Kheytiany H.S.
name: Silva, Virgínia C.P.
name: Jacinto, Marcos J.
name: de Souza, Aline A.
name: Padovani, Camila G.D.
name: Machado, Maurício F.M.
name: Judice, Wagner A.S.
name: Sousa, Paulo T.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Virology

description: The clerodane diterpenoid 2-oxo-5α,8α-cleroda-3,13-dien-16,15-olide (1) isolated from the leaves of A. scaber was identified by IR, 1H and 13C NMR (1D and 2D) and HRESIMS spectrometric analysis. This is the first report of this diterpene in the Aquarius genus. The inhibitory potential of 1 has been determined against cysteine proteases from Leishmania mexicana rCPB2.8, rCPB3.0 and rH84Y. The inhibitory constants (Ki and αKi) as well as the mechanism of action were also investigated. Compound 1 was 7- and 18-fold more potent in the inhibition of rCPB3.0 (IC50 = 4.2 µM) than rCPB2.8 (IC50 = 20 µM) and rH84Y (IC50 = 75 µM). From the kinetic mechanisms of inhibitor binding, we found that compound 1 has a higher affinity to rCPB3.0 (Ki = 7.5 µM and αKi = 7.4 µM) than rCPB2.8 (Ki = 15.4 µM, αKi = 14.7 µM) and rH84Y (Ki = 81.4, and αKi = 27.9 μM and βKi = 41.5 µM). Compound 1 also presented a non-competitive linear simple inhibition mechanism at both enzymes rCPB3.0 and rCPB2.8. On the other hand, 1 presented a positive cooperativity mechanism of inhibition at rH84Y.
Revenue Source Trends in Rural Hospitals
Creators: name: John, Randall
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Purpose: Although hospitals have seen a shift from inpatient to outpatient settings in recent years, rural hospital payment policies continue to emphasize the provision of inpatient services over outpatient services. In order to support rural hospitals financially, newer and more effective payment models are urgently needed. The purpose of this research study was to provide lawmakers and stakeholders with a greater understanding regarding the role of outpatient care in rural 
hospitals by 1) evaluating how outpatient care as a source of revenue changed in rural hospitals between 2011 and 2019, and 2) analyzing the association of revenue source trends with rural hospital profitability. 

Methods: This research study included 1,345 rural hospitals across all U.S. census regions. We conducted a descriptive trend analysis to demonstrate changes in the percent of revenue coming from outpatient care from 2011 to 2019. To investigate the association of outpatient care with financial performance, we fit a multiple linear regression line to model the relationship between operating margins and the outpatient revenue to total patient revenue percent in rural hospitals. 

Findings: Among all rural hospitals in our sample, the average percent of revenue coming from outpatient services increased from 66.4% in 2011 to 74.4% in 2019. Similarly, this trend was observed when stratifying rural hospitals by census region and payment classification. Our regression analysis showed that the outpatient revenue share was a statistically significant predictor of profitability, as a one-percentage point increase in the percent of revenue coming from outpatient care was associated with a 0.057 percentage point increase in operating margin (95% CI: [0.038, 0.076]). 

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that outpatient care services are an important source of financing in rural hospitals, with outpatient revenue accounting for an increasingly larger percent of patient revenue. Future payment mechanisms emphasizing the provision of outpatient services
may be more effective in sustaining financial viability in rural hospitals compared to payment models based on inpatient criteria.
Dynamic archetypes of agricultural land systems in Germany from 1992 to 2019
Creators: name: Orozco, Richard
name: Meyer-Jürshof, Marie
name: Vergara-Rodríguez, Karla
name: Václavík, Tomáš
name: Sietz, Diana
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Archetypes
subject: Grasslands
subject: Germany
subject: CAP
subject: Resilience
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Grasslands, important agricultural land systems, are undergoing significant shifts such as intensification, abandonment, and conversion to alternative land uses in Europe, leading to biodiversity loss. Despite major efforts, the European Union´s Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) has been unable to halt the decline of grasslands and to appropriately adjust management intensity because implemented policies have not considered the heterogeneity of grassland systems. However, accounting for this heterogeneity is essential to increase the policies´ effectiveness. In this study, we used archetype analysis to identify recurrent patterns in the heterogeneity of farm configurations, using Germany as an example, that can help tailor policy instruments to specific regional conditions. By applying self-organising maps, we reveal nine archetypes integrating 16 farm accountancy indicators. Advancing archetype analysis, we discuss their dynamics (including their emergence, disappearance and persistence) between 1992 and 2019 at the level of federal states and interpret these dynamics in the light of CAP. For example, archetypes in the western federal states are dominated by small crop and dairy farms, while archetypes in the eastern federal states are more diverse, including larger subsidised farms and medium crop farms. Moreover, archetype dynamics in the southern federal states indicate a decline in small dairy farms and an increase in small crop farms, implying the loss of valuable habitats for wild species. Policy instruments tailored to such regional conditions could more appropriately halt this loss. These insights derived from agricultural land systems in Germany can enrich the debate about how to better tailor policy instruments to regional conditions to preserve functional grassland systems in Europe and worldwide.
The Influence of CHIP Expression on Phenotypic Aging in LSL CHIP Mice
Creators: name: Brown, Amanda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: C-terminus of Hsc70-interacting protein (CHIP) is a protein that is actively involved in the protein quality control system as both a co-chaperone and ubiquitin ligase. Previous research has shown that mice deficient in CHIP exhibit accelerated aging, as indicated by the presence of increased age-markers including reduced longevity, lower overall body weight, and increased activity of SA-β-Gal.3 Recent studies have pointed to another function of CHIP in regard to its relationship with aging, particularly that CHIP may provide protection against age-related stressors. This study further examines the physiological role that CHIP may have in aging by observing how age markers, specifically overall body weight and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNAcn), vary within mice with differing levels of CHIP expression. The overall body weight and the mtDNAcn from 9 tissues were measured in mice, aged 16-19 months, with either 0, 1, or 2 functioning copies of the CHIP gene. mtDNAcn was determined as the ratio of mean mitochondrial DNA concentration to mean nuclear DNA concentration and was measured by qPCR analysis with primers targeting one mitochondrial DNA gene (mMito) and one nuclear DNA gene (mB2M). The averaged total body weight of mice with 0 functioning copies of CHIP was found to be significantly lower compared to mice with 1 or 2 functional copies of CHIP. Of the 9 tissues analyzed, the cerebrum, spleen, kidney, and gastrocnemius tissue showed significantly lower mtDNAcn in mice with 0 functioning copies of CHIP compared to mice with 2 functioning copies of CHIP. The results of this study further support an association between CHIP deficits and accelerated aging, as mice with 0 copies of CHIP were shown to have an increased presence of age markers when compared to those with 1 or 2 copies of CHIP. Future studies should aim to further clarify this relationship with aging and examine how this association may interact with other systems CHIP has known roles in. Furthermore, a complete understanding of CHIP generates promise for future clinical interventions or gene therapy drugs to remedy diseases in which aging is a contributing factor.
Saturable Lorentz model for fully explicit three-dimensional modeling of nonlinear optics
Creators: name: Varin, Charles
name: Bart, Graeme
name: Emms, Rhys
name: Brabec, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inclusion of the instantaneous Kerr nonlinearity in the FDTD framework leads to implicit equations that have to be solved iteratively. In principle, explicit integration can be achieved with the use of anharmonic oscillator equations, but it tends to be unstable and inappropriate for studying strong-field phenomena like laser filamentation. In this paper, we show that nonlinear susceptibility can be provided instead by a harmonic oscillator driven by a nonlinear force, chosen in a way to reproduce the polarization obtained from the solution of the quantum mechanical two level equations. The resulting saturable, nonlinearly-driven, harmonic oscillator model reproduces quantitatively the quantum mechanical solutions of harmonic generation in the under-resonant limit, up to the 9th harmonic. Finally, we demonstrate that fully explicit leapfrog integration of the saturable harmonic oscillator is stable, even for the intense laser fields that characterize laser filamentation and high harmonic generation.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Radiofrequency spectroscopy of a linear array of Bose-Einstein condensates in a magnetic lattice
Creators: name: Surendran, Prince
name: Jose, Smitha
name: Wang, Yibo
name: Herrera, Ivan
name: Hu, Hui
name: Liu, Xiaji
name: Whitlock, Shannon
name: McLean, Russell
name: Sidorov, Andrei
name: Hannaford, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report site-resolved radiofrequency spectroscopy measurements of Bose-Einstein condensates of 87Rb atoms in about 100 sites of a one-dimensional 10 micron-period magnetic lattice produced by a grooved magnetic film plus bias fields. Site-to-site variations of the trap bottom, atom temperature, condensate fraction and chemical potential indicate that the magnetic lattice is remarkably uniform, with variations in trap bottoms of only +/- 0.4 mG. At the lowest trap frequencies (radial and axial frequencies 1.5 kHz and 260 Hz, respectively), temperatures down to 0.16 microkelvin are achieved in the magnetic lattice and at the smallest trap depths (50 kHz) condensate fractions up to 80% are observed. With increasing radial trap frequency (up to 20 kHz, or aspect ratio up to about 80) large condensate fractions persist and the highly elongated clouds approach the quasi-1D Bose gas regime. The temperature estimated from analysis of the spectra is found to increase by a factor of about five which may be due to suppression of rethermalising collisions in the quasi-1D Bose gas. Measurements for different holding times in the lattice indicate a decay of the atom number with a half-life of about 0.9 s due to three-body losses and the appearance of a high temperature (about 1.5 microkelvin) component which is attributed to atoms that have acquired energy through collisions with energetic three-body decay products.
Hörendes Verweilen vor dem Allerheiligsten
Creators: name: Brunner, Dorothee
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 3 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 3
Characterization of the Surfaces and Near-Surface Atmospheres of Ganymede, Europa and Callisto by JUICE
Creators: name: Tosi, Federico
name: Roatsch, Thomas
name: Galli, André
name: Hauber, Ernst
name: Lucchetti, Alice
name: Molyneux, Philippa
name: Stephan, Katrin
name: Achilleos, Nicholas
name: Bovolo, Francesca
name: Postberg, Frank
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: JUICE
subject: Icy Galilean satellites
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Surface composition
subject: Near-surface atmospheres
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: We present the state of the art on the study of surfaces and tenuous atmospheres of the icy Galilean satellites Ganymede, Europa and Callisto, from past and ongoing space exploration conducted with several spacecraft to recent telescopic observations, and we show how the ESA JUICE mission plans to explore these surfaces and atmospheres in detail with its scientific payload. The surface geology of the moons is the main evidence of their evolution and reflects the internal heating provided by tidal interactions. Surface composition is the result of endogenous and exogenous processes, with the former providing valuable information about the potential composition of shallow subsurface liquid pockets, possibly connected to deeper oceans. Finally, the icy Galilean moons have tenuous atmospheres that arise from charged particle sputtering affecting their surfaces. In the case of Europa, plumes of water vapour have also been reported, whose phenomenology at present is poorly understood and requires future close exploration. In the three main sections of the article, we discuss these topics, highlighting the key scientific objectives and investigations to be achieved by JUICE. Based on a recent predicted trajectory, we also show potential coverage maps and other examples of reference measurements. The scientific discussion and observation planning presented here are the outcome of the JUICE Working Group 2 (WG2): “Surfaces and Near-surface Exospheres of the Satellites, dust and rings”.
Normalized ground states of nonlinear biharmonic Schrödinger equations with Sobolev critical growth and combined nonlinearities
Creators: name: Ma, Zhouji
name: Chang, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J35, 35J60, 35Q55

description: This paper is devoted to studying the following nonlinear biharmonic Schrödinger equation with combined power-type nonlinearities \begin{equation*} \begin{aligned} Δ^{2}u-λu=μ|u|^{q-2}u+|u|^{4^*-2}u\quad\mathrm{in}\ \mathbb{R}^{N}, \end{aligned} \end{equation*} where $N\geq5$, $μ>0$, $2
description: 6 pages
A culture model for the assessment of phenylalanine neurotoxicity in phenylketonuria
Creators: name: Kylies, Julian
name: Brunne, Bianka
name: Rune, Gabriele M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Organotypic slice cultures
subject: Hippocampus
subject: PKU-adopted culture medium
subject: Microglia
subject: Synaptic proteins
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: Phenylketonuria (PKU) is caused by a specific mutation of the phenylalanine hydroxylase (PAH) gene. The deficiency of PAH results in high phenylalanine levels (Phe), low tyrosine levels (Tyr), and reduced catecholamine neurotransmitters. The majority of PKU patients, if untreated, develop severe mental retardation. The specific contribution of high Phe and low Tyr levels in mental retardation is largely unknown. In this study, we used organic hippocampal slice cultures in an optimized medium as an adequate culture model to decipher the precise role of high Phe and low Tyr levels on synaptic and glial integrity in PKU. The hippocampus is closely related to learning and memory and reduced catecholamine neurotransmitter levels can be neglected since these neurotransmitters do not derive from the hippocampus. Cultures exposed to physiological concentrations of Phe were compared with cultures exposed to doses of Phe/Tyr, as in the cerebral fluid of PKU patients. Methods: Using capillary western blot analysis and immunohistochemistry, followed by quantitative image analysis, we tested the expression of various pre- and postsynaptic proteins (PSD95, synaptopodin, SNAP25, synaptophysin), glial cell markers (GFAP, Iba1, P2Y12, CD68, C3b), and the morphology of glial cells. Results: We found a downregulation of the postsynaptic protein PSD95 and the presynaptic protein SNAP25 in the presence of high/low Phe/Tyr levels after 3 weeks, which, then however, recovered after 6 weeks in culture. Furthermore, no change in the expression pattern of glial proteins was observed. Conclusion: Our results show that high Phe levels/low Tyr levels alone are unlikely to substantially contribute to mental retardation in PKU. The direct neurotoxic potency of high Phe low Tyr concentrations is almost negligible since the effects are transient. The transient character in the presence of unchanged levels of high Phe/low Tyr points to a role of reduced catecholamine derivate neurotransmitters, rather than of high Phe/low Tyr levels in PKU.
Measurements on HV-CMOS Active Sensors After Irradiation to HL-LHC fluences
Creators: name: Ristic, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the long shutdown (LS) 3 beginning 2022 the LHC will be upgraded for higher luminosities pushing the limits especially for the inner tracking detectors of the LHC experiments. In order to cope with the increased particle rate and radiation levels the ATLAS Inner Detector will be completely replaced by a purely silicon based one. Novel sensors based on HV-CMOS processes prove to be good candidates in terms of spatial resolution and radiation hardness. In this paper measurements conducted on prototypes built in the AMS H18 HV-CMOS process and irradiated to fluences of up to $2\cdot10^{16}\,\text{n}_\text{eq}\text{cm}^{-2}$ are presented.
description: 10 pages, 17 figures, proceedings contribution to the International Workshop on Semiconductor Pixel Detectors for Particles and Imaging (PIXEL2014), submitted to Jinst, revised version as requested by Jinst: added more information to testbeam chapter, replaced hole density by electric field distribution plots, corrected typos and plot labels
Precise characterisation of HD 15337 with CHEOPS: A laboratory for planet formation and evolution
Creators: name: Rosário, N. M.
name: Demangeon, O. D. S.
name: Barros, S. C. C.
name: Gandolfi, D.
name: Egger, J. A.
name: Serrano, L. M.
name: Osborn, H. P.
name: Beck, M.
name: Benz, W.
name: Rauer, Heike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: techniques: photometric
subject: techniques: radial velocities
subject: planets and satellites: composition
subject: stars: individual: HD 15337
subject: stars: individual: TOI-402
subject: stars: individual: TIC 12089692
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::520 Astronomie::520 Astronomie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Context. The HD 15337 (TIC 120896927, TOI-402) system was observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS), revealing the presence of two short-period planets situated on opposite sides of the radius gap. This offers an excellent opportunity to study theories of formation and evolution, as well as to investigate internal composition and atmospheric evaporation. Aims. We aim to constrain the internal structure and composition of two short-period planets situated on opposite sides of the radius valley: HD 15337 b and c. We use new transit photometry and radial velocity data. Methods. We acquired 6 new transit visits with the CHaracterising ExOPlanet Satellite (CHEOPS) and 32 new radial velocity measurements from the High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) to improve the accuracy of the mass and radius estimates for both planets. We re-analysed the light curves from TESS sectors 3 and 4 and analysed new data from sector 30, correcting for long-term stellar activity. Subsequently, we performed a joint fit of the TESS and CHEOPS light curves, along with all available RV data from HARPS and the Planet Finder Spectrograph (PFS). Our model fit the planetary signals, stellar activity signal, and instrumental decorrelation model for the CHEOPS data simultaneously. The stellar activity was modelled using a Gaussian-process regression on both the RV and activity indicators. Finally, we employed a Bayesian retrieval code to determine the internal composition and structure of the planets. Results. We derived updated and highly precise parameters for the HD 15337 system. Our improved precision on the planetary parameters makes HD 15337 b one of the most precisely characterised rocky exoplanets, with radius and mass measurements achieving a precision better than 2% and 7%, respectively. We were able to improve the precision of the radius measurement of HD 15337 c to 3%. Our results imply that the composition of HD 15337 b is predominantly rocky, while HD 15337 c exhibits a gas envelope with a mass of at least 0.01 M⊕. Conclusions. Our results lay the groundwork for future studies, which can further unravel the atmospheric evolution of these exoplanets and offer new insights into their composition and formation history as well as the causes behind the radius gap.
AGO Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Locally Advanced and Metastatic Breast Cancer: Update 2022
Creators: name: Thill, Marc
name: Lüftner, Diana
name: Kolberg-Liedtke, Cornelia
name: Albert, Ute-Susann
name: Banys-Paluchowski, Maggie
name: Bauerfeind, Ingo
name: Blohmer, Jens-Uwe
name: Budach, Wilfried
name: Dall, Peter
name: Fallenberg, Eva Maria
name: Fasching, Peter A.
name: Fehm, Tanja
name: Friedrich, Michael
name: Gerber, Bernd
name: Gluz, Oleg
name: Harbeck, Nadia
name: Heil, Jörg
name: Huober, Jens
name: Jackisch, Christian
name: Kreipe, Hans-Heinrich
name: Krug, David
name: Kühn, Thorsten
name: Kümmel, Sherko
name: Loibl, Sibylle
name: Lux, Michael
name: Maass, Nicolai
name: Mundhenke, Christoph
name: Nitz, Ulrike
name: Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won
name: Reimer, Toralf
name: Rhiem, Kerstin
name: Rody, Achim
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Schneeweiss, Andreas
name: Schütz, Florian
name: Sinn, Hans-Peter
name: Solbach, Christine
name: Solomayer, Erich-Franz
name: Stickeler, Elmar
name: Thomssen, Christoph
name: Untch, Michael
name: Witzel, Isabell
name: Wöckel, Achim
name: Müller, Volkmar
name: Janni, Wolfgang
name: Ditsch, Nina
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Metastatic breast cancer
subject: Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynakologische Onkologie
subject: Recommendations
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Treatment
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The Breast Committee of the Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynakologische Onkologie (German Gynecological Oncology Group, AGO) presents the 2022 update of the evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of patients with locally advanced and metastatic breast cancer.
Leib Christi - Gabe des Lebens
Creators: name: Tück, Jan-Heiner
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 42 Nr. 3 (2013): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 42, Heft 3
Antibody Cross-Reactivity Between Zika Virus, Kedougou Virus, and Spondweni Virus
Creators: name: Baharani, Viren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021

description: Zika virus (ZIKV), dengue virus (DENV), Kedougou virus (KEDV), and Spondweni virus (SPOV) are closely-related, mosquito-borne flaviviruses. It is well-established that ZIKV and DENV both cause fever, rash, and joint pain, in addition to more severe disease states such as microcephaly and hemorrhagic fever, respectively. However, little is known about KEDV or SPOV infections because they have not yet caused large human outbreaks. Given that cross- reactive antibodies between ZIKV and DENV complicate serodiagnostic tests in regions where both viruses circulate, it is crucial to understand and develop serological applications for other flaviviruses, such as KEDV and SPOV, which are even more closely related to ZIKV than DENV is. In addition, identifying a molecular basis for the cross-neutralization of ZIKV, KEDV, and SPOV can help inform the development of neutralizing antibodies and broadly protective vaccines. The objective of this project was to assess the neutralization of ZIKV (strain H/PF/ 2013), KEDV (D14701), and SPOV (SA Ar 94) by mouse polyclonal immune sera (anti-ZIKV, anti-KEDV, and anti-SPOV) and human convalescent sera (ZIKV-immune and DENV-immune). Another goal was to determine whether a panel of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs), specific to particular epitopes on the flavivirus E protein (domain I, domain II, domain III, fusion loop), broadly neutralized ZIKV, KEDV, and SPOV. Here, we found that anti-ZIKV mouse immune sera cross-neutralized KEDV and SPOV, though anti-KEDV and anti-SPOV sera did not cross- neutralize ZIKV (FRNT≤25). We observed that several mouse and human mAbs targeting the fusion loop bound ZIKV, KEDV, and SPOV. However, these fusion loop mAbs neutralized SPOV but not ZIKV, suggesting that virion maturation state could impact cross-neutralization. In addition, we identified two mAbs—G9E and EDEC8—that cross-neutralized both ZIKV and SPOV by targeting the E protein cross-dimer interface, including domains I and II. These
findings allow for subsequent studies on the cross-neutralization of ZIKV, KEDV, and SPOV by an expanded panel of ZIKV-immune and DENV-immune human convalescent sera samples, as
well as other mAbs that cross-neutralize these viruses. This would facilitate both vaccine design
and serodiagnostics in the event that a new flavivirus emerges in ZIKV/DENV co-endemic areas.
AGO Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Patients with Early Breast Cancer: Update 2022
Creators: name: Ditsch, Nina
name: Wöcke, Achim
name: Untch, Michael
name: Jackisch, Christian
name: Albert, Ute-Susann
name: Banys-Paluchowski, Maggie
name: Bauerfeind, Ingo
name: Blohmer, Jens-Uwe
name: Budach, Wilfried
name: Dall, Peter
name: Fallenberg, Eva Maria
name: Fasching, Peter A.
name: Fehm, Tanja N.
name: Friedrich, Michael
name: Gerber, Bernd
name: Gluz, Oleg
name: Harbeck, Nadia
name: Heil, Jörg
name: Huober, Jens
name: Kreipe, Hans H.
name: Krug, David
name: Kühn, Thorsten
name: Kümmel, Sherko
name: Kolberg-Liedtke, Cornelia
name: Loibl, Sibylle
name: Lüftner, Diana
name: Lux, Michael Patrick
name: Maass, Nicolai
name: Mundhenke, Christoph
name: Nitz, Ulrike
name: Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won
name: Reimer, Toralf
name: Rhiem, Kerstin
name: Rody, Achim
name: Schmidt, Marcus
name: Schneeweiss, Andreas
name: Schütz, Florian
name: Sinn, Hans-Peter
name: Solbach, Christine
name: Solomayer, Erich-Franz
name: Stickeler, Elmar
name: Thomssen, Christoph
name: Witzel, Isabell
name: Müller, Volkmar
name: Janni, Wolfgang
name: Thill, Marc
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Early breast cancer
subject: Postneoadjuvant therapy
subject: Breast surgery
subject: Reconstruction
subject: Radiotherapy
subject: Communication
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Introduction: The AGO (Arbeitsgemeinschaft Gynakologische Onkologie, German Gynecological Oncology Group) Task Force on Diagnosis and Treatment of Breast Cancer as an interdisciplinary team consists of specialists from gynecological oncology, pathology, diagnostic radiology, medical oncology, and radiation oncology with a special focus on breast cancer. Methods: The updated evidence-based treatment recommendation 2022 for early breast cancer (EBC) and metastatic breast cancer of the AGO Task Force has been released. Results and Conclusion: This paper captures the update of EBC.