cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Relaxing Tax Competition through Public Good Differentiation
Creators: name: Zissimos, Ben
name: Wooders, Myrna
name: Zissimos, Ben
name: Wooders, Myrna
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: asymmetric equilibrium
subject: core-periphery
subject: non-renegotiable minimum tax
subject: tax competition
subject: tax harmonization

description: This paper argues that, because governments are able to relax tax competition through public good differentiation, traditionally high-tax countries have continued to set taxes at a relatively high rate even as markets have become more integrated. The key assumption is that firms vary in the extent to which public good provision reduces costs. We show that Leviathan governments are able to use this fact to relax the forces of tax competition, reducing efficiency. When firms can ‘vote with their feet’ tax competition leads firms to locate in ‘too many’ jurisdictions. A ‘minimum tax’ further relaxes tax competition, further reducing efficiency.
Optimizing Energetic Light Dark Matter Searches in Dark Matter and Neutrino Experiments
Creators: name: Kim, Doojin
name: Machado, Pedro A. N.
name: Park, Jong-Chul
name: Shin, Seodong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino and dark matter experiments with large-volume ($\gtrsim 1$ ton) detectors can provide excellent sensitivity to signals induced by energetic light dark matter coming from the present universe. Taking boosted dark matter as a concrete example of energetic light dark matter, we scrutinize two representative search channels, electron scattering and proton scattering including deep inelastic scattering processes, in the context of elastic and inelastic boosted dark matter, in a completely detector-independent manner. In this work, a dark gauge boson is adopted as the particle to mediate the interactions between the Standard Model particles and boosted dark matter. We find that the signal sensitivity of the two channels highly depends on the (mass-)parameter region to probe, so search strategies and channels should be designed sensibly especially at the earlier stage of experiments. In particular, the contribution from the boosted-dark-matter-initiated deep inelastic scattering can be subleading (important) compared to the quasi-elastic proton scattering, if the mass of the mediator is below (above) $\mathcal{O}$(GeV). We demonstrate how to practically perform searches and relevant analyses, employing example detectors such as DarkSide-20k, DUNE, Hyper-Kamiokande, and DeepCore, with their respective detector specifications taken into consideration. For other potential detectors we provide a summary table, collecting relevant information, from which similar studies can be fulfilled readily.
description: 47 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, Journal submission version
Monetary Policy and Asset Prices: What Role for Central Banks in New EU Member States?
Creators: name: Frait, Jan
name: Komarek, Lubos
name: Frait, Jan
name: Komarek, Lubos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Monetary Policy
subject: Asset Markets
subject: Central Banking
subject: New EU Member States

description: The paper deals with the relationship between monetary policy and asset prices. Besides surveying the general discussion, it attempts to extend it to recent developments in the new Member States of the EU (NMS), namely the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland and Slovakia (the EU4). After a brief description of the current macroeconomic situation in the NMS, the appropriate reaction of monetary policy to asset price bubbles is dealt with and the main pros and cons associated with this reaction are summarised. Afterwards, the risks of asset market bubbles in the EU4 countries are evaluated. Since the capital markets are still underdeveloped and the real estate price boom seems to be a natural reaction to the initial undervaluation, the risks are viewed as rather small. The conclusion is thus that it is crucial for central banks in mature economies as well as in the NMS to conduct their monetary policies as well as their supervisory and regulatory roles in a way that does not promote the build-up of asset market bubbles. In exceptional times, central banks of small open economies must be ready to use monetary policy steps as a kind of insurance against the adverse effects of potential asset market bubbles.
Accounting for Secrets
Creators: name: Harrison, Mark
name: Harrison, Mark
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: Accounting
subject: Bureaucracy
subject: Dictatorship
subject: Lithuania
subject: Secrecy
subject: Soviet Union
subject: Transaction Costs

description: The Soviet dictatorship used secrecy to shield its processes from external scrutiny. A system of accounting for classified documentation assured the protection of secrets. The associated procedures resemble a turnover tax applied to government transactions. There is evidence of both compliance and evasion. The burden of secrecy was multiplied because the system was also secret and so had to account for itself. Unique documentation of a small regional bureaucracy, the Lithuania KGB, is exploited to yield an estimate of the burden. Measured against available benchmarks, the burden looks surprisingly heavy.
Fiscal Rules and Discretion under Persistent Shocks
Creators: name: Halac, Marina
name: Yared, Pierre
name: Halac, Marina
name: Yared, Pierre
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Institutions
subject: Asymmetric and Private Information
subject: Macroeconomic Policy
subject: Structure of Government
subject: Political Economy

description: This paper studies the optimal level of discretion in policymaking. We consider a fiscal policy model where the government has time-inconsistent preferences with a present-bias towards public spending. The government chooses a fiscal rule to trade off its desire to commit to not overspend against its desire to have flexibility to react to privately observed shocks to the value of spending. We analyze the optimal fiscal rule when the shocks are persistent. Unlike under i.i.d. shocks, we show that the ex-ante optimal rule is not sequentially optimal, as it provides dynamic incentives. The ex-ante optimal rule exhibits history dependence, with high shocks leading to an erosion of future fiscal discipline compared to low shocks, which lead to the reinstatement of discipline. The implied policy distortions oscillate over time given a sequence of high shocks, and can force the government to accumulate maximal debt and become immiserated in the long run.
Additional file 2 of Neonatal care and community-level treatment seeking for possible severe bacterial infection (PSBI) in Amhara, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Asfaha, Meron D.
name: Comeau, Dawn L.
name: Spangler, Sydney A.
name: Spratt, Brandon L.
name: Lamesgin Alamineh
name: Abebe G. Gobezayehu
name: Cranmer, John N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Focus group guide for fathers.
Ozone Layer and the Formation of the Ozone Hole
Creators: name: Mikhailov, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current state of this problem has briefly been considered. The hypothesis on the formation of the ozone hole due to the action of some molecules emitted by the rockets has been suggested.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
9461: Edward "Teddy" George Tong
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Teddy was an official Kinematographer during WWI, making regular trips to France until invalided out of the service. He was given a tie-pin decorated with small diamonds and rubies by George V and this is still owned by his family.
His original uniform is still believed to be in the family as are his movie camera and tripod.

Post-war he did "Diamonds in the Mud" for Goodyear Tyres.
Who Was the Architect of the U.S. Capitol Extension and Dome?
Creators: name: Day, Sarah
name: Turak, Theodore
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Sigma-continuity with closed witnesses
Creators: name: Carroy, Raphaël
name: Miller, Benjamin D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E15, 26A21, 28A05, 54H05 (Primary)

description: We use variants of the $\mathbb{G}_0$ dichotomy to establish a refinement of Solecki's basis theorem for the family of Baire-class one functions which are not $σ$-continuous with closed witnesses.
Additional file 1 of Neonatal care and community-level treatment seeking for possible severe bacterial infection (PSBI) in Amhara, Ethiopia
Creators: name: Asfaha, Meron D.
name: Comeau, Dawn L.
name: Spangler, Sydney A.
name: Spratt, Brandon L.
name: Lamesgin Alamineh
name: Abebe G. Gobezayehu
name: Cranmer, John N.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Focus group guide for recently-birthed women.
Spectroscopy of Doubly-Charmed Baryons in Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Flynn, J. M.
name: Mescia, F.
name: Tariq, A. S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for masses of spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 double-charm baryons in quenched lattice QCD, from an exploratory study using a non-perturbatively improved clover action at beta=6.2. We have studied local operators and we observe, after appropriate projections, a good signal for the ground states. We also present results for single-charmed baryons and spin-splittings for both double- and single-charmed states.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Anomalous out-of-equilibrium dynamics in the spin-ice material Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ under moderate magnetic fields
Creators: name: Guruciaga, Pamela C.
name: Pili, Lucas
name: Boyeras, Santiago
name: Slobinsky, Demian
name: Grigera, Santiago A.
name: Borzi, Rodolfo A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study experimentally and numerically the dynamics of the spin ice material Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ in the low temperature ($T$) and moderate magnetic field ($\mathbf{B}$) regime ($T\in[0.1,1.7]K$, $B\in[0,0.3]T$). Our objective is to understand the main physics shaping the out-of-equilibrium magnetisation vs. temperature curves in two different regimes. Very far from equilibrium, turning on the magnetic field after having cooled the system in zero field (ZFC) can increase the concentration of magnetic monopoles; this accelerates the dynamics. Similarly to electrolytes, this occurs through dissociation of bound monopole pairs. However, for spin ices the polarisation of the vacuum out of which the monopole pairs are created is a key factor shaping the magnetisation curves, with no analog. We observe a threshold field near $0.2T$ for this fast dynamics to take place, linked to the maximum magnetic force between the attracting pairs. Surprisingly, within a regime of low temperatures and moderate fields, an extended Ohm's law can be used to describe the ZFC magnetisation curve obtained with the dipolar spin-ice model. However, in real samples the acceleration of the dynamics appears even sharper than in simulations, possibly due to the presence of avalanches. On the other hand, the effect of the field nearer equilibrium can be just the opposite to that at very low temperatures. Single crystals, as noted before for powders, abandon equilibrium at a blocking temperature $T_B$ which increases with field. Curiously, this behaviour is present in numerical simulations even within the nearest-neighbours interactions model. Simulations and experiments show that the increasing trend in $T_B$ is stronger for $\mathbf{B}\parallel[100]$. This suggests that the field plays a part in the dynamical arrest through monopole suppression, which is quite manifest for this field orientation.
description: 20 pages, 9 figures
8917: Charles William Back
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Charles William was born abt 1885 in Ashill, Somerset to William Frederick & Fanny Back, William was a Stone Mason.
Before the war Charles was a House Painter and married Rhoda Smith. They were living at Smokey Bottom, Staple Fitzpaine in 1911 with their 2 children, one of which was handicapped. They had by that time a child which had died.
Charles was a Lance Corporal in the Somerset Light Infantry, regimental number 19195. He had fought at Passchendaele in Belgium.
He died of his wounds 23rd August 1917 at the Canadian Hospital Centre, and is buried at Lijssenthoek Military Cemetery, Belgium.
The family have heard of a 'Penny'unknown which was found within the family but do not know where it has gone. His name is on the memorial at Staple Fitzpaine.
On the 100th anniversary a peel was rung by the Staple Fitzpaine church ringers in August.
Discriminating graviton exchange effects from other new physics scenarios in e^+e^- collisions
Creators: name: Osland, P.
name: Pankov, A. A.
name: Paver, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the possibility of uniquely identifying the effects of graviton exchange from other new physics in high energy e^+e^- annihilation into fermion-pairs. For this purpose, we use as basic observable a specific asymmetry among integrated differential distributions, that seems particularly suitable to directly test for such gravitational effects in the data analysis.
description: 18 pages, including figures; v2: additional references and acknowledgements. To appear in PRD
The Influence of Northern Artists on the Nature Drawing Style of Claude Lorrain
Creators: name: Day, Sarah
name: Garrard, Mary D.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
The branching ratio $R_{b}$ in the littlest Higgs model
Creators: name: Yue, Chongxing
name: Wang, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the context of the littlest Higgs(LH) model, we study the contributions of the new particles to the branching ratio $R_{b}$. We find that the contributions mainly dependent on the free parameters $f$, $c'$ and $x_{L}$. The precision measurement value of $R_{b}$ gives severe constraints on these free parameters.
description: Latex files, 25 pages and 11 figures. To be published in Nucl. Phys.B
Quantization of chiral antisymmetric tensor fields
Creators: name: Wetterich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral antisymmetric tensor fields can have chiral couplings to quarks and leptons. Their kinetic terms do not mix different representations of the Lorentz symmetry and a local mass term is forbidden by symmetry. The chiral couplings to the fermions are asymptotically free, opening interesting perspectives for a possible solution to the gauge hierarchy problem. We argue that the interacting theory for such fields can be consistently quantized, in contrast to the free theory which is plagued by unstable solutions. We suggest that at the scale where the chiral couplings grow large the electroweak symmetry is spontaneously broken and a mass term for the chiral tensors is generated non-perturbatively. Massive chiral tensors correspond to massive spin one particles that do not have problems of stability. We also propose an equivalent formulation in terms of gauge fields.
description: additional material, concentrating on interactions with chiral fermions, 38 pages, 1 figure
Technology Persistence and Monetary Policy
Creators: name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Vukotic, Marija
name: Pancrazi, Roberto
name: Vukotic, Marija
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: In this paper, by using several statistical tools, we provide evidence of increased persistence of the U.S. total factor productivity. In a forward-looking model, agentsí optimal behavior depends on the autocorrelation structure of the exogenous shocks. Since many monetary models are driven by exogenous technology shocks, we study the implications of a change in technology persistence on monetary policy using a New Keynesian framework. First, we analytically derive the interaction between the TFP persistence, monetary policy parameters, and output gap and ináation. Second, we show that change in the TFP persistence a§ects the optimal behavior of monetary policy.
Asymmetric Parametric Division Rules
Creators: name: Stovall, John E.
name: Stovall, John E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: We describe and characterize the family of asymmetric parametric division rules for the adjudication of conflicting claims on a divisible homogeneous good. As part of the characterization, we present two novel axioms which restrict how a division rule indirectly allocates between different versions of the same claimant. We also show that such division rules can alternately be represented as the maximization of an additively separable social welfare function.
The Saint Peter Icon at Dumbarton Oaks : New Evidence for the Dating
Creators: name: Eckert, Barbara
name: Tronzo, William
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
8918: Ernest John Trebble
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Ernest is Jillian's grandmother's nephew/first cousin.
Ernest was born in 1894 in St James Somerset the son of John & Ellen Trebble, a Groom. In 1911 Ernest was living with his parents in Wood Street, Taunton, Somerset as a Shop Assistant. He was their only child.
At the time he joined the army, 8th November 1915, he was a Motor Driver and was unmarried.
He was a Private serving with the Army Service Corps, regimental number M2/147135.
He died 1st October 1916 from Blackwater Fever in Hairobe East Africa, and is buried in Morogoro Cemetery, Tanzania.
The items Jillian brought in to be recorded were all found in her grandmother's house when they cleared the house after her death. Ernest's father had the memorial card printed and the photos are of Ernest with his mother.
Contribution of disconnected diagrams to the hyperfine splitting of charmonium
Creators: name: TARO Collaboration
name: de Forcrand, Philippe
name: Pérez, Margarita García
name: Matsufuru, Hideo
name: Nakamura, Atsushi
name: Pushkina, Irina
name: Stamatescu, Ion-Olimpiu
name: Takaishi, Tetsuya
name: Umeda, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the contribution of OZI-suppressed diagrams to the hyperfine splitting of charmonium in lattice QCD. We study valence quark mass regions from strange to charm quark masses. No contribution of the disconnected diagram is seen in the vector meson channel. In the pseudo-scalar channel and for valence quark masses around the strange quark, the disconnected contribution induces a considerable increase of the meson mass. This contribution quickly decreases as the quark mass increases. For charmonium the effect is very small although a decrease of the pseudoscalar mass induced by the disconnected contribution cannot be ruled out.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
Gauge dependence of alternative flow equation for the functional renormalization group
Creators: name: Lavrov, Peter M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gauge dependence problem of alternative flow equation for the functional renormalization group is studied. It is shown that the effective two-particle irreducible effective action depends on gauges at any value of IR parameter $k$. The situation with gauge dependence is similar to the standard formulation based on the effective one-particle irreducible effective action.
description: 13 pages, v2: misprints corrected, v3: published version
8718: William Alan Horsey
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: William Alan Horsey is David's father.
William was born 5th March 1898 in Pitney, Somerset to William & Ann Horsey a Farmer Employer. Ann was a School Mistress.
He was a Private in the 3rd Somerset Light Infantry and his regimental number was 203558 having been called up in 1916. He served in Egypt and Palestine alongside Gurkhas. He cared for the mules taking equipment to the front line. He was diagnosed with Dysentery outside Jerusalem and sent back to Egypt. He was then discharged and sent back to England.
In 1939 he was living at Riverside Farm in Nyland, Somerset and was a Dairy Farmer and Milk Retailer.
Between 1960 - 1970 he made a recording of his life experience and is now at the Somerset Heritage Centre.
He died 4th September 1994 in Burnham on Sea, Somerset aged 96.
David brought along a souvenir book of Alexandria and Jerusalem along with his father's medals cap badge etc.
Thermalization of gluons at RHIC including gg ggg interactions in a parton cascade
Creators: name: Xu, Z.
name: Greiner, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Employing a newly developed pQCD inspired parton cascade we simulate the space time evolution of gluons which are produced initially in a heavy ion collision at RHIC energy. The inelastic $gg \leftrightarrow ggg$ interactions are for the first time implemented obeying full detailed balance. The numerical results show that thermalization of gluons is mainly driven by the inelastic gluonic interactions and reaches equilibrium at $1\sim 2$ fm/c. In simulations for noncentral collisions considerable partonic elliptic flow $v_2$ is generated being comparable with the experimental data.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; Contribution to proceedings of Quark Matter 2005, Budapest, Hungary, Aug 4-9 2005
Constructing Social Division to Support Cooperation: Theory and Evidence from Nepal
Creators: name: Choy, James P.
name: Choy, James P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Cooperation
subject: Caste
subject: Social Institution

description: Many societies are divided into multiple smaller groups. The defining feature of these groups is that certain kinds of interaction are more likely to take place within a group than across groups. I build a model in which group divisions are enforced through a reputational penalty for interacting with members of different groups. Agents who interact with members of different groups find that they can support lower levels of cooperation in the future. The model explains why agents may be punished by the other members of their group for interacting with members of different groups and why agents are punished for interacting with members of some groups but not others. I test the empirical implication that there should be less cooperation among members of groups that make up a larger percentage of their communities. I discuss the origin and possible future of social division.
8825: Lieut St. Barbe Goldsmith
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: St Barbe was Ian's maternal grandfather.
St Barbe was born abt 1881 in Wembdon, Somerset, the son of Harry St Barbe Goldsmith and Emily. On the marriage certificate both Harry & St Barbe are listed as occupation Esquire.
Before the war St Barbe was a Stockbroker living in Chelsea London in 1911.
In the war he was a 2nd Lieutenant in the 8/Devon R and a Captain in the Royal Air Force. He was awarded the Victory Medal as well as the War medal. He was also a Temp Lieutenant in the Intelligence Corps in 1917 although the family do not appear to be aware of this.
He had a book of photos for over 60 years.
He was a Butler before the second World War and before he died in 1939 in Hampshire, he was an ARP Ambulance driver.
He is buried at Stourhead.
Continuous Half-String Representation of String Field Theory
Creators: name: Fuchs, Ehud
name: Kroyter, Michael
name: Marcus, Alon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give the explicit form of the half-string representation in the continuous kappa basis. We show the comma structure of the three-vertex, when expanded around an arbitrary projector, and that the zero-mode must be replaced by the mid-point degree of freedom in the half-string representation. The treatment of the ghost sector enables us to calculate the normalization of the vertices. The simplicity of this formalism is demonstrated with some applications, such as gauge transformations and identification of subalgebras.
description: 29 pages, latex. v2: New calculation of the VSFT tachyon mass added to section 4.3, numerical integrals evaluated analytically, typos corrected, ref added
Renaissance Neurophysiology, Epistemology and Aesthetics : Leonardo's Identifications of the Sensus Communis
Creators: name: Eckert, Barbara
name: Garrard, Mary D.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Optimal Resource Allocation in General Cournot-competitive Equilibrium
Creators: name: Sommerfelt Ervik, Inger
name: Soegaard, Christian
name: Sommerfelt Ervik, Inger
name: Soegaard, Christian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Cournot oligopoly
subject: GOLE (General Oligopolistic Equilibrium)
subject: industrial policy

description: Conventional economic theory stipulates that output in Cournot competition is too low relative to that which is attained in perfect competition. We revisit this result in a General Cournot-competitive Equilibrium model with two industries that differ only in terms of productivity. We show that in general equilibrium, the more efficient industry produces too little and the less efficient industry produces too much compared to an optimal scenario with perfect competition.
Non-invasive characterisation of a laser-driven positron beam
Creators: name: Alejo, Aaron
name: Samarin, Guillermo Marrero
name: Warwick, Richard
name: McCluskey, Connor
name: Cantono, Giada
name: Ceccotti, Tiberio
name: Dufrenoy, Sandrine Dosbosz
name: Monot, Pascal
name: Sarri, Gianluca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on an indirect and non-invasive method to simultaneously characterise the energy-dependent emittance and source size of ultra-relativistic positron beams generated during the propagation of a laser-wakefield accelerated electron beam through a high-Z converter target. The strong correlation of the geometrical emittance of the positrons with that of the scattered electrons allows the former to be inferred, with high accuracy, from monitoring the latter. The technique has been tested in a proof-of-principle experiment where, for 100 MeV positrons, we infer geometrical emittances and source sizes of the order of $ε_{e^+} \approx$ 3 $μ$m and $D_{e^+} \approx$ 150 $μ$m, respectively. This is consistent with the numerically predicted possibility of achieving sub-$μ$m geometrical emittances and micron-scale source sizes at the GeV level.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 2 of A cross-sectional study of website claims related to diagnoses and treatment of non-musculoskeletal conditions
Creators: name: Jensen, Rikke Krüger
name: Agersted, Mie Elisa Irgens
name: Nielsen, Heike Aaby
name: O’Neill, Søren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Examples of adequate and inadequate explanations from websites.
Pay Growth, Fairness and Job Satisfaction: Implications for Nominal and Real Wage Rigidity
Creators: name: Smith, Jennifer C.
name: Smith, Jennifer C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Pay cuts
subject: Social comparisons
subject: Gift exchange

description: Theories of wage rigidity often rely on a positive relationship between pay changes and utility, arising from concern for fairness or gift exchange. Supportive evidence has emerged from laboratory experiments, but the link has not yet been established with Öeld data. This paper contributes a Örst step, using representative British data. Workers care about the level and the growth of earnings. Below-median wage increases lead to an insult e§ect except when similar workers have real wage reductions or Örm production is falling. Nominal pay cuts appear insulting even when the Örm is doing badly.
Gibbs Entropy and Irreversibility
Creators: name: Perez-Madrid, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution is dedicated to dilucidating the role of the Gibbs entropy in the discussion of the emergence of irreversibility in the macroscopic world from the microscopic level. By using an extension of the Onsager theory to the phase space we obtain a generalization of the Liouville equation describing the evolution of the distribution vector in the form of a master equation. This formalism leads in a natural way to the breaking of the BBGKY hierarchy. As a particular case we derive the Boltzmann equation.
Leonardo on Astronomy : The Necessity of Optics
Creators: name: Mann, Jonathan S.
name: Garrard, Mary D.
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Extending the Original Position: Revisiting the Pattanaik Critique of Vickrey/Harsanyi Utilitarianism
Creators: name: Hammond, Peter J.
name: Hammond, Peter J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: Harsanyi’s original position treats personal identity, upon which each individual’s utility depends, as risky. Pattanaik’s critique is related to the problem of scaling “state-dependent” von Neumann–Morgenstern utility when determining subjective probabilities. But a unique social welfare functional, incorporating both level and unit interpersonal comparisons, emerges from contemplating an “extended” original position allowing the probability of becoming each person to be chosen. Moreover, the paper suggests the relevance of a “Harsanyi ethical type space”, with types as both causes and objects of preference.
8913: Charles William Bosley
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Charles was not a direct relative to Jillian. He is the brother of her great uncle by marriage. (Arthur Bosley)
Charles was born in 1896 in Tolland, Wiveliscombe, Somerset to William & Ann Bosley a Thatcher. He was one of five children, the eldest of which had died in 1909.
Charles was a Private in the Somerset Light Infantry 1st 5th Battalion, regiment number 241560.
He was killed in action on 8th April 1918 in Egypt and is buried at Remleh War Cemetery in Israel.
Lopsided Mass Matrices and Leptogenesis in SO(10) GUT
Creators: name: Asaka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lopsided structure in mass matrices of down quarks and leptons gives a simple explanation for the observed large angles of neutrino mixings. We realize such mass matrices by the Froggatt-Nielsen mechanism in the framework of supersymmetric SO(10) grand unified theory (GUT). It is shown that the model can reproduce the successful mass matrices which have been obtained in SU(5) models. Cosmological implication of the model is also discussed. We show that the hybrid inflation occurs naturally in the model and it offers non-thermal leptogenesis by decays of the next-to-lightest right-handed neutrinos. The present baryon asymmetry is explained by just the oscillation mass scale in the atmospheric neutrinos.
description: 12 pages
An Oligopolistic Theory of Regional Trade Agreements
Creators: name: Soegaard, Christain
name: Soegaard, Christain
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: trade policy
subject: self-enforceability
subject: trade costs
subject: regional trade agreements

description: Why are trade agreements regional? I address this question in a model of oligopoly featuring product variety. Tariffs have the effect of manipulating a country’s terms of trade and shifting profits towards the domestic market at the expense of foreign trade partners. Countries endogenously form into regional trade agreements or global free trade in a framework where any agreement must be sustained by repeated interaction. A crucial parameter determining the degree of regionalism is product variety. I demonstrate that for a given trade cost and discount factor, increases in product variety leads to greater scope for global free trade relative to regional trade agreements.
Giovanni Fattori and the Image of the Peasant in Nineteenth Century French and Italian Painting
Creators: name: Yeide, Nacy Hubbard
name: Broude, Norma
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3601
subject: Art history, theory and criticism

description: Research paper submitted to American University in partial fulfillment of the Degree of Master of Arts; approved as non-thesis option
Additional file 1 of A cross-sectional study of website claims related to diagnoses and treatment of non-musculoskeletal conditions
Creators: name: Jensen, Rikke Krüger
name: Agersted, Mie Elisa Irgens
name: Nielsen, Heike Aaby
name: O’Neill, Søren
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Data collection tool.
Chemical Kinetics for Operando Electron Microscopy of Catalysts: 3D Modeling of Gas and Temperature Distributions During Catalytic Reactions
Creators: name: Vincent, Joshua L.
name: Vance, Jarod W.
name: Langdon, Jayse T.
name: Miller, Benjamin K.
name: Crozier, Peter A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\textit{In situ}$ environmental transmission electron microscopy (ETEM) is a powerful tool for observing structural modifications taking place in heterogeneous catalysts under reaction conditions. However, to strengthen the link between catalyst structure and functionality, an $\textit{operando}$ measurement must be performed in which reaction kinetics and catalyst structure are simultaneously determined. To determine chemical kinetics for gas-phase catalysis, it is necessary to develop a reliable chemical engineering model to describe catalysis as well as heat and mass transport processes within the ETEM cell. Here, we establish a finite element model to determine the gas and temperature profiles during catalysis in an open-cell operando ETEM experiment. The model is applied to a $SiO_2$-supported Ru catalyst performing CO oxidation. Good agreement is achieved between simulated compositions and those measured experimentally across a temperature range of 25 - 350 °C. In general, for lower conversions, the simulations show that the temperature and gas are relatively homogeneous within the hot zone of the TEM holder where the catalyst is located. The uniformity of gas and temperature indicates that the ETEM reactor system behavior approximates that of a continuously stirred tank reactor. The large degree of gas-phase uniformity also allows one to estimate the catalytic conversion of reactants in the cell to within 10 percent using electron energy-loss spectroscopy. Moreover, the findings indicate that for reactant conversions below 30 percent, one can reliably evaluate the steady-state reaction rate of catalyst nanoparticles that are imaged on the TEM grid.
Non-Existence of Competitive Equilibria with Dynamically Inconsistent Preferences
Creators: name: Gabrieli, Tommaso
name: Ghosal, Sayantan
name: Gabrieli, Tommaso
name: Ghosal, Sayantan
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: dynamically inconsistent preferences
subject: competitive equilibrium
subject: existence
subject: satiation
subject: non convexity

description: This paper shows the robust non existence of competitive equilibria even in a simple three period representative agent economy with dynamically inconsistent preferences. We distinguish between a sophisticated and naive representative agent. Even when underlying preferences are monotone and convex, we show by example that the induced preferences, at given prices, of the sophisticated representative agent over choices in first period markets are both non convex and satiated. Therefore, even allowing for negative prices, the market clearing allocation is not contained in the convex hull of demand. Finally, with a naive representative agent, we show that perfect foresight is incompatible with market clearing and individual optimization at given prices.
Power indices taking into account agents' preferences
Creators: name: Aleskerov, Fuad
name: Aleskerov, Fuad
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: Financial Economics

description: A set of new power indices is introduced extending Banzhaf power index and allowing to take into account agents’ preferences to coalesce. An axiomatic characterization of intensity functions representing a desire of agents to coalesce is given. A set of axioms for new power indices is presented and discussed. An example of use of these indices for Russian parliament is given.
Newcomers Meet the Intracluster Medium in the Coma Cluster
Creators: name: Poggianti, B. M.
name: Bridges, T. J.
name: Yagi, M.
name: Komiyama, Y.
name: Carter, D.
name: Mobasher, B.
name: Okamura, S.
name: Kashikawa, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A main topic at this meeting is how galaxies are affected when they enter for the first time the cluster environment from the outskirts. Most of the times we are forced to infer the environmental effects indirectly, relying on systematic variations of galaxy properties with environment, but there aren't many examples of direct observations able to unveil ongoing transformations taking place, and the corresponding mechanism producing it. We present a case in which it is possible to identify the cluster environment, and in particular the intracluster medium and the recent infall history of galaxies onto the cluster, as the cause for a recent, abrupt change in the evolutionary history of galaxies.
description: 5 pages, 1 postscript figure -- to appear in "Outskirts of Galaxy Clusters: intense life in the suburbs", IAU Colloquium N. 195, 2004, ed. A Diaferio
Additional file 1 of Local and regional temporal trends (2013–2019) of canine Ehrlichia spp. seroprevalence in the USA
Creators: name: Gettings, Jenna R.
name: Self, Stella C. W.
name: McMahan, Christopher S.
name: D. Andrew Brown
name: Nordone, Shila K.
name: Yabsley, Michael J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. a Posterior mean values of the regional temporal trend parameter for canine Ehrlichia spp. seroprevalence for counties in which the 99% credible interval was strictly positive. b The posterior standard deviation of the regional temporal trend parameter, $$\beta_{s}$$βs from Equation 2 for all counties. Figure S2. a Posterior mean values of the local temporal trend parameter $$\alpha_{1s}^{{}}$$α1s for canine Ehrlichia spp. seroprevalence for counties in which the 99% credible interval did not contain zero. b Posterior standard deviation of the local temporal trend parameter for all counties.
title: High turnover rates AMID HIV infected cells in vivo allows for early evaluations of the efficacy of anti-viral drugs in the treated person
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/Calames-2019311123143246
description: created: start=1975;end=2018
Modelling Stochastic Volatility with Leverage and Jumps: A Simulated Maximum Likelihood Approach via Particle Filtering.
Creators: name: Malik, Sheheryar
name: Pitt, Michael K.
name: Malik, Sheheryar
name: Pitt, Michael K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Particle filter
subject: Simulation
subject: SIR
subject: State space
subject: Leverage effect
subject: Jumps

description: In this paper we provide a unified methodology in order to conduct likelihood-based inference on the unknown parameters of a general class of discrete-time stochastic volatility models, characterized by both a leverage effect and jumps in returns. Given the nonlinear/non-Gaussian state-space form, approximating the likelihood for the parameters is conducted with output generated by the particle filter. Methods are employed to ensure that the approximating likelihood is continuous as a function of the unknown parameters thus enabling the use of Newton-Raphson type maximization algorithms. Our approach is robust and efficient relative to alternative Markov Chain Monte Carlo schemes employed in such contexts. In addition it provides a feasible basis for undertaking the non-trivial task of model comparison. The technique is applied to daily returns data for various stock price indices. We find strong evidence in favour of a leverage effect in all cases. Jumps are an important component in two out of the four series we consider.
The U-Shape without Controls
Creators: name: Blanchflower, David G.
name: Oswald, Andrew J.
name: Blanchflower, David G.
name: Oswald, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: Happiness
subject: aging
subject: well-being
subject: mental-health
subject: depression
subject: life-course

description: This paper is a continuation of results in Blanchflower and Oswald (2008). It provides new evidence that well-being follows a curve through life. We use data on half a million randomly sampled individuals across eight major European nations. Importantly, we show that in this set of countries there is a U-shape even in unadjusted data, that is, without the inclusion of control variables. But we also advise against a focus on elementary bivariate associations.
title: Agentes farmacológicos más frecuentes durante la intubación endotraqueal en la unidad de cuidados neonatales
Creators: name: López Rodríguez, Felipe
Publisher: name: Tecnológico de Monterrey
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/03ayjn504
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2010
Subjects: classificationCode: 3.5
subject: FOS: Other medical sciences

description: Identificar los principales farmacos utilizados para la premedicación durante la intubación endotraqueal en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales.