cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
DISSOLUTION, OCEAN ACIDIFICATION AND BIOTIC EXTINCTIONS PRIOR TO THE CRETACEOUS/PALEOGENE (K/PG) BOUNDARY IN THE TROPICAL PACIFIC
Creators: name: Dameron, Serena
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: The several million years preceding the Cretaceous/Paleogene (K/Pg) boundary has been the focus of many studies. Changes in ocean circulation and sea level, extinctions, and major volcanic events have all been documented for this interval. Important research questions these changes raise include the climate dynamics during the warm, but not hot, time after the decay of the Late Cretaceous greenhouse interval and the stability of ecosystems prior to the mass extinctions at the end-Cretaceous.
I document several biotic perturbations as well as changes in ocean circulation during the Maastrichtian stage of the latest Cretaceous that question whether the biosphere was being preconditioned for the end-Cretaceous extinction. The first event at Shatsky Rise in the tropical North Pacific was the brief acme of inoceramid clams at ~71 Ma, followed by their abrupt extinction during the “mid-Maastrichtian event” at 70.1 Ma. The second is an intriguing dissolution event that began ~67.8 Ma at Ocean Drilling Program Site 1209 (2387 m). The dissolution event is marked by very poor planktic foraminiferal preservation and sharply reduced calcareous plankton diversity. The shift into the dissolution interval was initially gradual, then rapid. Within the late Maastrichtian dissolution interval, the planktic/benthic (P/B) ratio is low, planktic foraminifera are highly fragmented, larger taxa are mostly absent, small taxa are relatively abundant, and planktic foraminifera and nannofossil species richness are low. The event is followed by an abrupt recovery in carbonate preservation ~300 kyr prior to the K/Pg boundary. Was the dissolution event caused by a change in deep water circulation, migration of the site out of the high productivity tropical belt, or ocean acidification associated with Deccan Traps volcanism? Our data show that changing deep water masses, coupled with reduced productivity and associated decrease in pelagic carbonate flux was responsible for the dissolution interval, while Deccan Traps volcanism may have caused surface ocean acidification ~200-kyr prior to the K/Pg mass extinction event.
Spray Fabrication of Layer-by-Layer Antimicrobial N-Halamine Coatings
Creators: name: Denis-Rohr, Anna
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Antimicrobial coatings in which the active agent (e.g. N-halamine) can regenerate activity represent a promising way to prevent microbial cross-contamination. A reported method for applying coatings containing antimicrobial N-halamines is layer-by-layer (LbL) application of polyelectrolytes, which form N-halamines upon cross-linking. Prior reports on dip layer-by-layer (LbL) fabrication have demonstrated the potential of this coating technology; however, spray LbL fabrication would enable more rapid coating and represents a more commercially translatable application technique. In this work, dip and spray LbL methods were used to coat polypropylene (PP) with N-halamine containing bilayers consisting of cross-linked polyethylenimine (PEI) and poly(acrylic acid) (PAA). Further experimentation with spray LbL fabrication used naturally occurring polyelectrolytes, chitosan and alginate. Materials were characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM), ellipsometry, contact angle, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, a chlorine content assay, and a dye assay for amine quantification. All methods of coating application exhibited a 99.999% (5-log) reduction against Listeria monocytogenes with application time for spray LbL taking less than 10% of the time required for dip LbL. Spray LbL fabrication of N-halamines is a rapid and inexpensive method to fabricate rechargeable antimicrobial surfaces.
Convergence groups from subgroups
Creators: name: Swenson, Eric L
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F32, 57N10

description: We give sufficient conditions for a group of homeomorphisms of a Peano continuum X without cut-points to be a convergence group. The condition is that there is a collection of convergence subgroups whose limit sets `cut up' X in the correct fashion. This is closely related to the result in [E Swenson, Axial pairs and convergence groups on S^1, Topology 39 (2000) 229-237].
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol6/paper22.abs.html
Search for dark matter towards the Galactic Centre with 11 years of ANTARES data
Creators: name: The ANTARES Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutrino detectors participate in the indirect search for the fundamental constituents of dark matter (DM) in form of weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs). In WIMP scenarios, candidate DM particles can pair-annihilate into Standard Model products, yielding considerable fluxes of high-energy neutrinos. A detector like ANTARES, located in the Northern Hemisphere, is able to perform a competitive search looking towards the Galactic Centre, where a high density of dark matter is thought to accumulate. Both this directional information and the spectral features of annihilating DM pairs are entered into an unbinned likelihood method to scan the data set in search for DM-like signals in ANTARES data. Results obtained upon unblinding 11 years of data are presented. A non-observation of dark matter is converted into limits on the velocity-averaged cross section for WIMP pair annihilation.
title: Jahresbericht des Präsidenten 2000
title: Annual report of the President 2000
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Nedeß, Christian
name: Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg (Ed.)
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 81.80:Hochschulen, Fachhochschulen
subject: Hamburg / Technische Universität
subject: Bericht
subject: 81.80
subject: 620

description: Jahresbericht des Präsidenten der TU Hamburg-Harburg für das Jahr 2000
Chiral 2pi exchange at order four and peripheral NN scattering
Creators: name: Entem, D. R.
name: Machleidt, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the impact of the complete set of two-pion exchange contributions at chiral order four (also known as next-to-next-to-next-to-leading order, N3LO) on peripheral partial waves of nucleon-nucleon scattering. Our calculations are based upon the analytical studies by Kaiser. It turns out that the contribution of order four is substantially smaller than the one of order three, indicating convergence of the chiral expansion. We compare the prediction from chiral pion-exchange with the corresponding one from conventional meson-theory as represented by the Bonn Full Model and find, in general, good agreement. Our calculations provide a sound basis for investigating the issue whether the low-energy constants determined from pi-N lead to reasonable predictions for NN.
description: 22 pages RevTex including 11 figures
Global Police Index 2019 (52 MB)_opt (1) (2).pdf
Creators: name: Etsebeth, Tinus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 160299 Criminology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Law

description: Developing police sciences and various specialties is an urgent need necessity, and the aim of improving the performance level of police affairs, meeting its requirements and strengthening the ability of its facilities, to discuss aspects of crime and delinquency in the legal context and without prejudice to the rights and freedoms of individuals.
title: Jahresbericht des Präsidenten 2001
title: Annual Report of the President 2001
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Nedeß, Christian
name: Technische Universität Hamburg-Harburg (Ed.)
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: 81.80:Hochschulen, Fachhochschulen
subject: Hamburg / Technische Universität
subject: Bericht
subject: 81.80
subject: 620

description: Jahresbericht des Präsidenten der TU Hamburg-Harburg für das Jahr 2001
description: Annual report of the President of the TU Hamburg-Harburg for the year 2001
Ground-state energy of pionic hydrogen to one loop
Creators: name: Gasser, J.
name: Ivanov, M. A.
name: Lipartia, E.
name: Mojzis, M.
name: Rusetsky, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ground-state energy of the pi- p atom (pionic hydrogen) in the framework of QCD+QED. In particular, we evaluate the strong energy-level shift. We perform the calculation at next-to-leading order in the low-energy expansion in the framework of the relevant effective field theory. The result provides a relation between the strong energy shift and the pion-nucleon S-wave scattering lengths - evaluated in pure QCD - at next-to-leading order in isospin breaking and in the low-energy expansion. We compare our result with available model calculations.
description: Version accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C; Eq. (B8) corrected, comment after Eq. (B11) changed, additional minor changes in the text; preprint number added
A fast numerical method for photomultiplier calibration
Creators: name: Kalousis, L. N.
name: de André, J. P. A. M.
name: Baussan, E.
name: Dracos, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, a new method is discussed for the calibration and monitoring of photomultiplier tubes (PMTs). This method is based on a Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT) and it is fast and general so that it can be used in cases where an analytical model of the PMT response is not available. The DFT approach is employed for the absolute calibration of the Hamamatsu R1408 photomultiplier tube. It should be noted that the R1408 PMTs do not show a sharp peak at the single photoelectron distribution and gain determination via conventional methods is often unattainable. Here, we show that the DFT technique, coupled with a gamma function model for the single photoelectron response, produces rigorous calibration results and it can be used for gain determination with a good accuracy.
description: To be published in JINST
Vectorial nonlinear optics: type-II second-harmonic generation driven by spin-orbit coupled fields
Creators: name: Wu, Hai-Jun
name: Yang, Hao-Yan
name: Rosales-Guzmán, Carmelo
name: Gao, Wei
name: Shi, Bao-Sen
name: Zhu, Zhi-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vectorial nonlinear optics refers to the investigation of optical processes whose nonlinear polarization (NP) undergoes spin-orbit coupling (SOC) interactions where, in general, the driving light field or the new field generated by the interaction containing the SOC property. To contribute to fundamental knowledge in this domain, we examine the type-II second harmonic generation (SHG) induced by vectorial laser modes. First, we provide a general theory to analyze the vectorial SHG process. Second, by using two typical vector modes as examples, we show how the SOC of the pump field dictates nonlinear interaction. Finally, we corroborate our theoretical predictions through experiments to confirm the crucial role of the SOC in nonlinear interactions. These results enhance our fundamental understanding of SOC-mediated nonlinear optics and lay the foundation for further fundamental studies as well as possible applications.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
Examining Implementation of the Massachusetts Act Relative to Safety Regulations for School Athletic Programs (Sessions Laws: Chapter 166 of the Acts of 2010): A Multiple-case Study
Creators: name: Doucette, Mitchell L
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Background/Purpose: Reducing the incidence and negative consequences of concussion among youth athletes is a public health priority. Fifty states have adopted legislation addressing the problem of sports-related concussions among youth-athletes. In 2010, Massachusetts adopted legislation based on Washington State’s Lystedt Law, enacting state-wide requirements for high school athletic programs. This study explored how the legislation has been implemented within Massachusetts schools and school-districts and identified factors influential to local implementation.
Methods: A qualitative multiple-case study approach was utilized. US Census data concerning the household median income and population size of the school-district’s representative town(s) were used to purposively recruit cases. Semi-structured interviews with a breadth of school-district actors in the Commonwealth of Massachusetts and archival records associated with participating schools were used for analysis. Interview data were analyzed using a conventional content analysis approach. Written documents were subjected to an archival analysis.
Results: 19 participants from 5 schools were interviewed. Interviewed school personnel included 5 athletic directors, 5 coaches, 4 athletic trainers, 4 school nurses, and 1 health and wellness coordinator. Eight case-level themes related to how the regulation was implemented were identified, and 6 influential factors related to the regulation’s implementation emerged. All participating cases decided to utilize neurocognitive baseline testing programs to assist in diagnosing concussions. Cases also decided to place the decision making authority of removal-from-play and return-to-play situations in the hands of athletic trainers. Primary care physicians were expected to provide medical clearance for concussed student athletes. Funding and man-power emerged as a threat to schools’ ability to implement the regulation with high fidelity.
Conclusions: At the local level, provisions of the Massachusetts regulation were implemented with high fidelity. However, differences and similarities regarding local-level implementation decisions existed across cases. Conducting the study qualitatively allowed the study to obtain rich detail and identify implementation decisions made within cases. However, the knowledge generated may not be generalizable to other school districts or other states. The study’s findings speak to the variability often found when implementation is relegated to the local-level.
Maintenance priority in high-rise housings: practitioners' perspective versus actual practice
Creators: name: Au-Yong, Cheong Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120299 Building not elsewhere classified
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90502 Construction Engineering

description: Residential buildings need proper building maintenance management to allow residents living in comfort and building owners to preserve their properties. Apart from ensuring the safety of residents, the aesthetic values of the building can be also preserved. Maintenance priority plays a vital role in enhancing the maintenance management process, especially when the building managers face budget and cost constraints. It has been a challenging task for the decision maker to decide which maintenance work should come first. Many practitioners have been determining maintenance priority in a cursory manner simply based upon biased past experience, subjective or personal evaluation, and conservative decisions, and some even use a specific building maintenance manual by default without making a deliberated choice. Thus, this research seeks to investigate the differences between perspective and actual practice of practitioners in prioritising the maintenance of building facilities and services. A questionnaire survey was conducted among building maintenance personnel for high-rise residential buildings in Peninsular Malaysia with 321 valid questionnaire responses. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was performed to examine the difference between practitioners' perspective and actual practice towards maintenance priority of building facilities and services. The findings revealed that facilities that deal with daily necessities and safety such as power supply, water supply, lift system, and fire protection system were ranked higher in both practitioners' perspective and actual practice compared to other facilities and services. It is also proven that there is a significant difference between practitioners' perspective and actual practice towards all building facilities and services.
Cyrtoplax spinidentata
Creators: name: Coelho, Petrônio Alves
name: Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De
name: Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2008
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Malacostraca
Decapoda
Pseudorhombilidae
Cyrtoplax
Cyrtoplax spinidentata

description: Cyrtoplax spinidentata (Benedict, 1892)
Western Atlantic: West Indies to Brazil (Rio Grande do Sul) (Melo 1996).
 Occurrence in northern and northeastern Brazil: CE: Bezerra et al. (2005b); PB: Melo & Veloso (2005); PE: Coelho & Coelho Filho (1994); BA: Gouvêa (1971).
description: Published as part of Coelho, Petrônio Alves, Almeida, Alexandre Oliveira De & Bezerra, Luis Ernesto Arruda, 2008, Checklist of the marine and estuarine Brachyura (Crustacea: Decapoda) of northern and northeastern Brazil, pp. 1-58 in Zootaxa 1956 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.1956.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5241063
Deriving the stellar labels of LAMOST spectra with Stellar LAbel Machine (SLAM)
Creators: name: Zhang, Bo
name: Liu, Chao
name: Deng, Li-Cai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LAMOST survey has provided 9 million spectra in its Data Release 5 (DR5) at R$\sim$1800. Extracting precise stellar labels is crucial for such a large sample. In this paper, we report the implementation of the Stellar LAbel Machine (SLAM), which is a data-driven method based on Support Vector Regression (SVR), a robust non-linear regression technique. Thanks to the capability to model highly non-linear problems with SVR, SLAM generally can derive stellar labels over a wide range of spectral types. This gives it a unique capability compared to other popular data-driven methods. To illustrate this capability, we test the performance of SLAM on stars ranging from Teff$\sim$4000 to $\sim$8000 K trained on LAMOST spectra and stellar labels. At g-band signal-to-noise ratio (SNRg) higher than 100, the random uncertainties of Teff, logg and [Fe/H] are 50 K, 0.09 dex, and 0.07 dex, respectively. We then set up another SLAM model trained by APOGEE and LAMOST common stars to demonstrate its capability of dealing with high dimensional problems. The spectra are from LAMOST DR5 and the stellar labels of the training set are from APOGEE DR15, including Teff, logg, [M/H],[$α$/M], [C/M], and [N/M]. The cross-validated scatters at SNRg$\sim$100 are 49 K, 0.10 dex, 0.037 dex,0.026 dex, 0.058 dex, and 0.106 dex for these parameters, respectively. This performance is at the same level as other up-to-date data-driven models. As a byproduct, we also provide the latest catalog of $\sim$1 million LAMOST DR5 K giant stars with SLAM-predicted stellar labels in this work.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, submitted to ApJS
Covariant Perturbations of Schwarzschild Black Holes
Creators: name: Clarkson, Chris A.
name: Barrett, Richard K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new covariant and gauge-invariant perturbation formalism for dealing with spacetimes having spherical symmetry (or some preferred spatial direction) in the background, and apply it to the case of gravitational wave propagation in a Schwarzschild black hole spacetime. The 1+3 covariant approach is extended to a `1+1+2 covariant sheet' formalism by introducing a radial unit vector in addition to the timelike congruence, and decomposing all covariant quantities with respect to this. The background Schwarzschild solution is discussed and a covariant characterisation is given. We give the full first-order system of linearised 1+1+2 covariant equations, and we show how, by introducing (time and spherical) harmonic functions, these may be reduced to a system of first-order ordinary differential equations and algebraic constraints for the 1+1+2 variables which may be solved straightforwardly. We show how both the odd and even parity perturbations may be unified by the discovery of a covariant, frame- and gauge-invariant, transverse-traceless tensor describing gravitational waves, which satisfies a covariant wave equation equivalent to the Regge-Wheeler equation for both even and odd parity perturbations. We show how the Zerilli equation may be derived from this tensor, and derive a similar transverse traceless tensor equivalent to this equation. The so-called `special' quasinormal modes with purely imaginary frequency emerge naturally. The significance of the degrees of freedom in the choice of the two frame vectors is discussed, and we demonstrate that, for a certain frame choice, the underlying dynamics is governed purely by the Regge-Wheeler tensor. The two transverse-traceless Weyl tensors which carry the curvature of gravitational waves are discussed.
description: 23 pages, 1 figure, Revtex 4. Submitted to Classical and Quantum Gravity. Revised version is significantly streamlined with an important error corrected which simplifies the presentation
Holographic Wilson Lines as Screened Impurities
Creators: name: Evans, Nick
name: O'Bannon, Andy
name: Rodgers, Ronnie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In Landau Fermi liquids, screened impurities support quasi-bound states, representing electrons bound to the impurity but making virtual excursions away. Signals of these quasi-bound states are electron-impurity scattering phase shifts and the corresponding resonances in cross sections. We consider large-$N$, strongly-coupled $(3+1)$-dimensional $\mathcal{N}=4$ supersymmetric $SU(N)$ Yang-Mills theory on the Coulomb branch, where an adjoint scalar has a non-zero expectation value that breaks $SU(N) \to SU(N-1) \times U(1)$. In the holographic dual we re-visit well-known solutions for a probe D3-brane that describe this theory with a symmetric-representation Wilson line "impurity." We present evidence that the adjoint scalar screens the Wilson line, by showing that quasi-bound states form at the impurity, producing $U(1)$-impurity scattering phase shifts and corresponding resonances in cross sections. The quasi-bound states appear holographically as quasi-normal modes of probe D3-brane fields, even in the absence of a black hole horizon, via a mechanism that we argue is generic to screened defects in holography. We also argue that well-known generalisations of these probe D3-brane solutions can describe lattices of screened Wilson/'t Hooft line impurities.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures. v2: Added reference, clarified discussion, version published in JHEP
Optimising maintenance cost by prioritising maintenance of facilities services in residential buildings
Creators: name: Au-Yong, Cheong Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120299 Building not elsewhere classified
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90502 Construction Engineering

description: Purpose The purpose of this paper is to illustrate the maintenance prioritising for facilities services in high-rise residential buildings in Peninsular Malaysia. Maintenance prioritisation is becoming more prominent in the building maintenance industry due to budget constraints, poor maintenance management and to yield better maintenance performance. Design/methodology/approach Two main categories with eleven facilities services that require maintenance were identified through extensive literature review. A total of 321 returned questionnaires were analysed to distinguish the relationship between the maintenance priority and cost variance. Semi-structured interviews were then conducted to validate the findings. Findings The findings revealed that five essential facilities services were significantly correlated to cost variance and a regression model which examines the probability of over-budget was developed. Meanwhile, the interviews recognised that maintenance prioritisation has impact towards maintenance cost. Research limitations/implications This research focusses on the maintenance priorities of facilities services and their effects to maintenance cost. However, it is undeniable that the maintenance cost can be affected by other factors, contributing to a lower percentage of the total variance in the regression model. Thus, it creates research opportunity to study the factors (i.e. manpower, materials, wear and tear, etc.) affecting the variance of maintenance cost. Practical implications This study is useful to property managers in efforts to enhance the cost performance via appropriate maintenance prioritisation. The essential facilities services should be highly prioritised compared to the value-added facilities services. Originality/value The paper signifies the importance of maintenance prioritisation. It serves as a guide to plan and execute maintenance planning in a more logical way within budget and time constraints.
Value of original and modified pathological scoring systems for prognostic prediction in paraffin-embedded donor kidney core biopsy
Creators: name: Tan, Jinghong
name: Zhang, Huanxi
name: Liu, Longshan
name: Li, Jun
name: Fu, Qian
name: Li, Yan
name: Wu, Chenglin
name: Deng, Ronghai
name: Wang, Jiali
name: Xu, Bowen
name: Chen, Wenfang
name: Yang, Shicong
name: Wang, Changxi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Mental Health

description: No study has validated, compared and adapted scoring systems for prognosis prediction based on donor kidney core biopsy (CB), with less glomeruli than wedge biopsy. A total of 185 donor kidney CB specimens were reviewed using seven scoring systems. The association between the total score, item scores, score-based grading, and allograft prognosis was investigated. In specimens with less than ten glomeruli (88/185, 47.6%), scoring systems were modified by adjusting weights of the item scores. The Maryland aggregate pathology index (MAPI) score-based grading and periglomerular fibrosis (PGF) associated with delayed graft function (DGF) (Grade: OR = 1.59, p < 0.001; PGF: OR = 1.06, p = 0.006). Total score, score-based grading and chronic lesion score in scoring systems associated with one-year and 3-year eGFR after transplantation. Total-score-based models had similar predictive capacities for eGFR in all scoring systems, except MAPI and Ugarte. Score of glomerulosclerosis (GS), interstitial fibrosis (IF), tubular atrophy (TA), and arteriolar hyalinosis (AH) had good eGFR predictive capacities. In specimens with less than ten glomeruli, modified scoring systems had better eGFR predictive capacities than original scoring systems. Scoring systems could predict allograft prognosis in paraffin-embedded CB with ten more glomeruli. A simple and pragmatic scoring system should include GS, IF, TA and AH, with weights assigned based on predictive capacity for prognosis. Replacing GS scores with tubulointerstitial scores could significantly improve the predictive capacity of eGFR. The conclusion should be further validated in frozen section.
Bonded Anchors in Concrete Under Sustained Loading
Creators: name: Droesch, Douglas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Post installed anchors come in either mechanical anchors that develop their strength purely through mechanical interlock with the base concrete, or bonded anchors that develop their strength by bonding anchor rod to the base concrete. Bonded anchors are either grouted, typically cementitious material, or adhesive, typically a chemical material. This thesis presents a current literature review of post-installed bonded anchors, preliminary testing of adhesive bonded anchors, and details of short term and long term test setups for future testing. The purpose of this thesis was to develop the test setups that will be used for future testing on anchors.
Additional file 3 of Towards a needs-based design of the physical rehabilitation workforce in South Africa: trend analysis [1990–2017] and a 5-year forecasting for the most impactful health conditions based on global burden of disease estimates
Creators: name: Q. Louw
name: K. Grimmer
name: K. Berner
name: T. Conradie
name: D. T. Bedada
name: T. S. Jesus
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. 1990, 2017 and 2019 comparison: GBD age-standardized YLDs rates.
Antineoplastic Effects of Rhodiola Crenulata on B16-F10 Melanoma
Creators: name: Dudek, Maxine
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Melanoma remains an aggressive form of skin cancer with limited treatment options. Novel methods to treat primary tumors and prevent metastatic disease can lead to improved survival for those diagnosed with melanoma. Through this work, we have evaluated the antineoplastic effects of Rhodiola crenulata (R. crenulata) root extracts on B16-F10 melanoma both in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we observed that R. crenulata treatment resulted in an increased cell death as well as a reduced cell growth, proliferation and migration in vitro. Additionally, we observed that R. crenulata decreased the expression of integrin β1 and vimentin, and increased expression of E-cadherin upon in vitro treatment. Further, we observed in a topical R. crenulata based cream therapy, a more radial growth pattern of tumors as well as a reduced mitotic activity and increased tumor necrosis. Markedly, we observed that mice supplemented with R. crenulata orally in their drinking water also displayed reduced establishment of metastatic foci in a disseminated model of melanoma. Collectively, these findings reveal that R. crenulata exhibits striking anti-tumorigenic and anti-metastatic properties, and that this extract may increase survival and harbor potential novel adjuvant therapy for the treatment of melanoma.
Density and temperature of cosmic-web filaments on scales of tens of megaparsecs
Creators: name: Tanimura, H.
name: Aghanim, N.
name: Bonjean, V.
name: Malavasi, N.
name: Douspis, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied physical properties of matter in 24,544 filaments ranging from 30 to 100 Mpc in length, identified in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). We stacked the Comptonization y map produced by the Planck Collaboration around the filaments, excluding the resolved galaxy groups and clusters above a mass of ~3*10^13 Msun. We detected the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich signal for the first time at a significance of 4.4 sigma in filamentary structures on such a large scale. We also stacked the Planck cosmic microwave background (CMB) lensing convergence map in the same manner and detected the lensing signal at a significance of 8.1 sigma. To estimate physical properties of the matter, we considered an isothermal cylindrical filament model with a density distribution following a beta-model (beta=2/3). Assuming that the gas distribution follows the dark matter distribution, we estimate that the central gas and matter overdensity and gas temperature are overdensity = (19.0 +27.3 -12.1) and temperature = (1.2 +- 0.4)*10^6 K, which results in a measured baryon fraction of (0.080 +0.116 -0.051) * Omega_b.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication by A&A
Food and Diet in the Andes: Changing Markets and Lives in Nuñoa
Creators: name: Fisher, James A
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: The town of Nuñoa, located in the southern Peruvian Andes, has been the ongoing focus of anthropological research. Household surveys of diet and food security (n=69) administered during 2012 are analyzed here and compared to past studies from previous decades. Study results show clearly that the amount and diversity of new foods available in the area has increased dramatically, but also gives evidence for continued disparate access to certain types of food along class lines. Socioeconomic status had a significant negative correlation with food insecurity and poor households more frequently consumed both potatoes and other cheap, high carbohydrate foods such as rice, noodles, and flour. In contrast, foods eaten significantly more often by wealthier households included cheese, fish, and vegetables, all of which have become much more available since dietary surveys were conducted in the late 1960s. It is likely that many rural families have migrated into the center of town looking for steady employment, which has decreased dietary seasonality and increased reliance on market access.
On $q$-deformed real numbers
Creators: name: Morier-Genoud, Sophie
name: Ovsienko, Valentin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We associate a formal power series with integer coefficients to a positive real number, we interpret this series as a "$q$-analogue of a real." The construction is based on the notion of $q$-deformed rational number introduced in arXiv:1812.00170. Extending the construction to negative real numbers, we obtain certain Laurent series.
The Dialogue of Craft and Architecture
Creators: name: Forker, Thomas J
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: To master any type of process, it is estimated ten thousand hours is needed to finely tune your craft. Whether it is wood joinery, music, culinary arts or glass-blowing, it is about making something that can be seen, heard, touched and/or used. Society seems to be losing an appreciation for craft as an idea. Especially in the US, materialism has reduced quality and craftsmanship to merely a luxury to those who can afford it. It seems that while mainstream society continues to "progress", the craftsmen see their client's loss of comprehension and appreciation of the true quality in their workmanship. While many schools and guilds around the country aim to keep "the crafts", i.e. material based mediums alive, each craft brings potential processes and applications to the architectural realm. The art of glassblowing and others hold something unique to be implemented into architecture. The primary goal of the project is to study of craftsmanship within the art of glassblowing vs. how it can be translated into an architect's design process as well as his or her product. I also wanted to look at how specific craft schools pedagogies use the process of glassblowing to exemplify craft as a "making" process.
Structuring my Thesis around craft and its survival in today's contemporary world, I want to address three sub-topics: First, to create a cohesive ‘genus loci’, second, to propose program additions to help redefine the artisan agenda, and lastly how to accomplish this with a low impact/ biophilic architectural tool, that functions not only at an environmental level but also as an educational component. I have chosen the Pilchuck Glass School in the Pacific Northwest as the site of my investigation. Pilchuck Glass School is an international center for glass art education, nestled into the foothills of the Cascade Mountains on a former tree farm in Stanwood, Washington. Pilchuck offers a series of courses and residencies for established artists in all media. Combining a deep focus on glass, access to a variety of resources, and an ever-expanding international community of artists, Pilchuck is the most comprehensive educational center in the world for glass artists.
A literature review of routine maintenance in high-rise residential buildings: A theoretical framework and directions for future research
Creators: name: Au-Yong, Cheong Peng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 120201 Building Construction Management and Project Planning
subject: FOS: Civil engineering
subject: 120202 Building Science and Techniques
subject: 120299 Building not elsewhere classified
subject: 90599 Civil Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 90502 Construction Engineering

description: Purpose Facilities management plays a significant role in the housing industry to support human daily routine and enhancing the productivity of the activities in and around the residential. Nonetheless, facilities management has not been readily encouraged or adopted by the Government in Malaysia in any structured way. The maintenance approaches adopted are mostly corrective which resulting poor service delivery, poor user satisfaction and endless maintenance backlogs. Thus, this paper aims to review the implementation of preventive maintenance and importance of routine maintenance frequency for the building facilities and services in high-rise residential buildings. Design/methodology/approach An extensive literature review published in between 1987 to 2016 has been carried out on the implementation of preventive maintenance strategy specifically routine maintenance. The building facilities and services which are divided into essential and value-added were identified and tabulated systematically to further form a theoretical framework to demonstrate the association between routine maintenance of building facilities and services and maintenance outcome. Findings The findings of the study argued that the routine maintenance might affect the maintenance performance. Future research is proposed to investigate the optimal frequency of routine maintenance to enhance maintenance performance. Originality/value This study identified the importance of routine maintenance by providing the classification of facilities and services, which fundamentally support future research to improve the maintenance management of high-rise residential building.
Associations Between Anxiety and Attention in Laboratory-Housed Rhesus Macaques (Macaca mulatta)
Creators: name: Hobbs, Lauren E
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: Previous studies completed with humans have revealed insight into the effects of anxiety on attention tasks such the dot-probe task, but there is little information about such effects on non-human primates. This study aimed to assess whether anxiety or anxious behaviors would impact rhesus macaque performance on a three stimuli paradigm similar to the dot-probe task. Utilizing images of conspecifics (strong threat, mild threat, and neutral), eight monkeys were video recorded completing a task that required them to slide two doors, which held these images, to the side to obtain a treat. We hypothesized that behavioral phenotype (high or low anxiety) would affect attention on this modified dot-probe task. Additionally, we predicted that time spent looking at mildly threatening stimuli would be positively correlated with high levels of anxious behaviors (e.g., scratching, yawning, pacing, self-biting) and cortisol concentrations over a four month period. We also predicted that a higher percentage of the mildly threating stimuli as a first choice would be positively correlated with high levels of anxious behaviors and cortisol concentrations. However, anxious behaviors and cortisol concentrations did not affect performance on this task. Interestingly, a sex difference was found for the mild threat stimuli, with females taking significantly more time to complete the task when presented with the mild stimuli (p = 0.01), and also looking at the mild stimuli longer than males (p = 0.03). These data suggest that males and females interpret ambiguous facial expressions differently, possibly indicating the significance of attention in female dominance hierarchies in macaque social groups.
Spectral diagnostics of cool flare loops observed by SST: I. Inversion of the Ca II 8542 Å and H$β$ lines
Creators: name: Koza, Július
name: Kuridze, David
name: Heinzel, Petr
name: Jejčič, Sonja
name: Morgan, Huw
name: Zapiór, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Flare loops form an integral part of eruptive events, being detected in the range of temperatures from X-rays down to cool chromospheric-like plasmas. While the hot loops are routinely observed by the Solar Dynamics Observatory's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (SDO/AIA), cool loops seen off-limb are rare. In this paper we employ unique observations of the SOL2017-09-10T16:06 X8.2-class flare which produced an extended arcade of loops. The Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope (SST) made a series of spectral images of the cool off-limb loops in the Ca II 8542 Å and the hydrogen H$β$ lines. Our focus is on the loop apices. Non-LTE spectral inversion is achieved through the construction of extended grids of models covering a realistic range of plasma parameters. The Multilevel Accelerated Lambda Iterations (MALI) code solves the non-LTE radiative-transfer problem in a 1D externally-illuminated slab, approximating the studied loop segment. Inversion of the Ca II 8542 Å and H$β$ lines yields two similar solutions, both indicating high electron densities around $2 \times 10^{12}$ cm$^{-3}$ and relatively large microturbulence around 25 kms$^{-1}$. These are in reasonable agreement with other independent studies of the same or similar events. In particular, the high electron densities in the range $10^{12} - 10^{13}$ cm$^{-3}$ are consistent with those derived from the SDO's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager white-light observations. The presence of such high densities in solar eruptive flares supports the loop interpretation of the optical continuum emission of stars which manifest superflares.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures; accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal on September 11, 2019
AN EERIE JUNGLE FILLED WITH DRAGONFLIES, SNIPER BULLETS AND GHOSTS: CHANGING PERCEPTIONS OF VIETNAM AND THE VIETNAMESE THROUGH THE EYES OF AMERICAN TROOPS
Creators: name: Herrera, Matthew M
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2015

description: This thesis examines the changing perceptions of Vietnam’s landscape and the Vietnamese in the eyes of American troops throughout the Vietnam War. Throughout the late 1950s and early 1960s, the Vietnamese were depicted as a people misguided by the French and in need of political mobilization by the American media and government. Following heavy investment and a rigged election in 1956, South Vietnam was painted as a beacon of democracy in Southeast Asia and an example of what American aid is capable of. As an increasing American military presence was being established in South Vietnam in the early 1960s, American troops were reminded by pocket books and other forms of American propaganda that South Vietnam was a land of dignity and respect. At first, troops were shocked by the beauty of the landscape and recalled that Vietnam did not look like a war-torn country at all. Yet as the land became increasingly devastated due to defoliant and numerous bombings, the perceptions of the Vietnamese took a turn for the worst; eventually being subhuman and deceptive. Vietnam’s landscape became perceived as a land of death where youth was expendable. However, less than a decade after the United States had pulled out of Vietnam, veterans and those affected by the war begin to return in mass numbers constituting the largest population of Americans in Vietnam. This resulted in Vietnam’s landscape, which was seen as a land trap-laden wasteland, being seen a place of healing with a beautiful people that Americans helped save.
Machine learning model and nomogram to predict the risk of heart failure hospitalization in peritoneal dialysis patients
Creators: name: Xu, Liping
name: Cao, Fang
name: Wang, Lian
name: Liu, Weihua
name: Gao, Meizhu
name: Zhang, Li
name: Hong, Fuyuan
name: Lin, Miao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: The study presented here aimed to establish a predictive model for heart failure (HF) and all-cause mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with machine learning (ML) algorithm. We retrospectively included 1006 patients who initiated PD from 2010 to 2016. XGBoost, random forest (RF), and AdaBoost were used to train models for assessing risk for 1-year and 5-year HF hospitalization and mortality. The performance was validated using fivefold cross-validation. The optimal ML algorithm was used to construct the models to predictive the risk of the HF and all-cause mortality. The prediction performance of ML methods and Cox regression was compared. Over a median follow-up of 49 months. Two hundred and ninety-eight patients developed HF required hospitalization; 199 patients died during the follow-up. The RF model (AUC = 0.853) was the best performing model for predicting HF, and the XGBoost model (AUC = 0.871) was the best model for predicting mortality. Baseline moderate or severe renal disease, systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), age, Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) score were strongly associated with HF hospitalization, whereas age, CCI score, creatinine, age, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), total cholesterol, baseline estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) were the most significant predictors of mortality. For all the above endpoints, the ML models demonstrated better discrimination than Cox regression. We developed and validated a novel method to predict the risk factors of HF and all-cause mortality that integrates readily available clinical, laboratory, and electrocardiographic variables to predict the risk of HF among PD patients.