cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A new interpretation of the dynamic structure model of ion transport in molten and solid glasses
Creators: name: Bunde, Armin
name: Ingram, Malcolm D.
name: Russ, Stefanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore progress in understanding the behaviour of cation conducting glasses, within the context of an evolving ''dynamic structure model'' (DSM). This behaviour includes: in single cation glasses a strong dependence of ion mobility on concentration, and in mixed cation glasses a range of anomalies known collectively as the mixed alkali effect. We argue that this rich phenomenology arises from the emergence during cooling of a well-defined structure in glass melts resulting from the interplay of chemical interactions and thermally driven ionic motions. The new DSM proposes the existence of a new site relaxation process, involving the shrinkage of empty $\bar A$ sites (thus tailored to the needs of $A^+$ ions), and the concurrent emergence of empty $C'$sites, which interrupt the conduction pathways. This reduction of $\bar A$ sites is responsible in the molten glass for the sharp fall in conductivity as temperature drops towards $T_g$. The $C'$ sites play an important role also in the mixed alkali effect, especially in regard to the pronounced asymmetries in diffusion behaviour of dissimilar cations.
description: 12 pages, 4 Figures
Enhanced connectivity of quantum hardware with digital-analog control
Creators: name: Galicia, Asier
name: Ramon, Borja
name: Solano, Enrique
name: Sanz, Mikel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers based on superconducting circuits are experiencing a rapid development, aiming at outperforming classical computers in certain useful tasks in the near future. However, the currently available chip fabrication technologies limit the capability of gathering a large number of high-quality qubits in a single superconducting chip, a requirement for implementing quantum error correction. Furthermore, achieving high connectivity in a chip poses a formidable technological challenge. Here, we propose a hybrid digital-analog quantum algorithm that enhances the physical connectivity among qubits coupled by an arbitrary inhomogeneous nearest-neighbour Ising Hamiltonian and generates an arbitrary all-to-all Ising Hamiltonian only by employing single-qubit rotations. Additionally, we optimize the proposed algorithm in the number of analog blocks and in the time required for the simulation. These results take advantage of the natural evolution of the system by combining the flexibility of digital steps with the robustness of analog quantum computing, allowing us to improve the connectivity of the hardware and the efficiency of quantum algorithms.
Multi-mode Time-delay Interferometer for Free-space Quantum Communication
Creators: name: Cahall, Clinton
name: Islam, Nurul T.
name: Gauthier, Daniel J.
name: Kim, Jungsang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum communication schemes such as quantum key distribution (QKD) and superdense teleportation provide unique opportunities to communicate information securely. Increasingly, optical communication is being extended to free-space channels, but atmospheric turbulence in free-space channels requires optical receivers and measurement infrastructure to support many spatial modes. Here we present a multi-mode, Michelson-type time-delay interferometer using a field-widened design for the measurement of phase-encoded states in free-space communication schemes. The interferometer is constructed using glass beam paths to provide thermal stability, a field-widened angular tolerance, and a compact footprint. The performance of the interferometer is highlighted by measured visibilities of $99.02\pm0.05\,\%$, and $98.38\pm0.01\,\%$ for single- and multi-mode inputs, respectively. Additionally, high quality multi-mode interference is demonstrated for arbitrary spatial mode structures and for temperature changes of $\pm1.0\,^{\circ}$C. The interferometer has a measured optical path-length drift of $130\,$nm$/\,^{\circ}$C near room temperature. With this setup, we demonstrate the measurement of a two-peaked, multi-mode, single-photon state used in time-phase QKD with a visibility of $97.37\pm 0.01\,\%$.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Foreign-born women’s lifestyle and health before and during early pregnancy in Sweden
Creators: name: Hultstrand, Jenny Niemeyer
name: Tydén, Tanja
name: Målqvist, Mats
name: Ragnar, Maria Ekstrand
name: Larsson, Margareta
name: Jonsson, Maria
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: The aims of the study were to investigate foreign-born women’s lifestyle and health before and during early pregnancy and compare them with those of Nordic-born women. Methods: Women recruited at antenatal clinics in Sweden answered a questionnaire in Swedish, English or Arabic or by telephone interview with an interpreter. Questions covered pregnancy planning and periconceptional lifestyle and health. The responses of women born in or outside Europe were compared with those of Nordic-born women. The impact of religiousness and integration on periconceptional lifestyle and health was also investigated. Results: Twelve percent of participants (N = 3389) were foreign-born (n = 414). Compared with Nordic women, European and non-European women consumed less alcohol before conception (respectively, adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.24, 0.58 and aOR 0.14; 95% CI 0.10, 0.19) and during early pregnancy (respectively, aOR 0.61; 95% CI 0.40, 0.91 and aOR 0.20; 95% CI 0.14, 0.29). Non-European women used less tobacco and were less physically active, but body mass index (BMI) did not differ between groups. Self-perceived health, stress and anxiety during early pregnancy did not differ, but non-European women more often had depressive symptoms (aOR 1.67; 95% CI 1.12, 2.51). Non-European women’s healthy lifestyle was associated with religiousness but not with the level of integration. Conclusions: Non-European women were overall less likely to engage in harmful lifestyle habits before and during early pregnancy but were more likely to suffer from depressive symptoms in comparison with Nordic women.
Difficulties of Model Construction in Optics (Probleme der Modellbildung in der Optik)
Creators: name: Horn, Martin Erik
name: Leisner, Antje
name: Mikelskis, Helmut F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Throughout all years of study, students of physics are confronted with the question 'what exactly is light?' - a question that is impossible to answer correctly and, therefore, continuously discussed within the framework of models. Numerous models have been introduced for this purpose and subsequently compete with one another for validity. On the one hand, this may lead to learning difficulties. Yet, on the other hand, this may be considered a didactic chance, if thinking about the model is compounded with the consideration of models in general. Research in secondary school level II physics classes and with physics students provides insight into the processes of model construction as well as that of overcoming models, which will be presented and analyzed here. The possibilities which computer simulations provide for the discussion of various models of light are demonstrated and their influence on a structured construction of models will be discussed.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures, in English and German
A limit cycle model for long-term optical variations of V Sagittae: The second example of accretion wind evolution
Creators: name: Hachisu, Izumi
name: Kato, Mariko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V Sagittae shows quasi-periodic optical high (soft X-ray off) and low (soft X-ray on) states with the total period of ~300 days. A binary model is presented to explain orbital light curves both for the high and low states as well as the transition mechanism between them. The binary model consists of a white dwarf (WD), a disk around the WD, and a lobe-filling main-sequence (MS) companion. In the optical high state, the mass transfer rate to the WD exceeds the critical rate of ~1 x 10^{-6} Msun/yr, and the WD blows an optically thick, massive wind. Surface layers of the disk are blown in the wind and the disk surface extends to the companion or over. As a result, optical luminosity of the disk increases by a magnitude because of its large irradiation effect. The massive wind completely obscures soft X-rays. This corresponds to the optical high/soft X-ray off state. The transition between optical high and low states is driven by an attenuation of the mass transfer from the secondary. As the mass supply stops, the WD wind weakens and eventually stops. The disk shrinks to a Roche lobe size and the optical magnitude drops. This phase corresponds to the optical low/soft X-ray on state. This cycle is repeated like a limit cycle. The WD can grow in mass at the critical rate and eventually reach the Chandrasekhar mass limit. This process is called ``accretion wind evolution,'' which is a key evolutionary process in a recently developed evolutionary scenario of Type Ia supernovae. This evolutionary process was first confirmed in the LMC supersoft X-ray source RX J0513.9$-$6951. Thus, V Sge is the second example of accretion wind evolution.
description: to appear in ApJ, 33 pages including figures
Additional file 1 of Functional identification of PsMYB57 involved in anthocyanin regulation of tree peony
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanzhao
name: Xu, Shuzhen
name: Cheng, Yanwei
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wang, Xiangxiang
name: Liu, Runxiao
name: Han, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Primers used for qRT-PCR analysis of tree peony and transgenic tobacco samples.
Selection and Use of Survival Ratios in Population Studies
Creators: name: Lee, Everett S.
name: Bowles, Gladys K.
name: Lee, Everett S.
name: Bowles, Gladys K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1954
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Assumptions underlying use of survival ratios in population studies have been examined repeatedly, but some uncertainty remains as to the best ratio for specific problems and as to the advisability of attempting to correct ratios for variations in mortality, in racial or ethnic composition, in rural-urban residence, and in other categories or classifications. In separate research projects,' and in collaboration, the aitzth,ors and their colleagues 2 used survival ratios to estimate migration for various areas and residence groups and in. computing replacement ratios for rural-farm males of working age. In this article the authors report results of their explorations during the course of this work.
Martian Dust Storms and Gravity Waves: Disentangling Water Transport to the Upper Atmosphere
Creators: name: Shaposhnikov, Dmitry S.
name: Medvedev, Alexander S.
name: Rodin, Alexander V.
name: Yiğit, Erdal
name: Hartogh, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simulations with the Max Planck Institute Martian general circulation model for Martian years 28 and 34 reveal details of the water "pump" mechanism and the role of gravity wave (GW) forcing. Water is advected to the upper atmosphere mainly by upward branches of the meridional circulation: in low latitudes during equinoxes and over the south pole during solstices. Molecular diffusion plays little role in water transport in the middle atmosphere and across the mesopause. GWs modulate the circulation and temperature during global dust storms, thus changing the timing and intensity of the transport. At equinoxes, they facilitate water accumulation in the polar warming regions in the middle atmosphere followed by stronger upwelling over the equator. As equinoctial storms decay, GWs tend to accelerate the reduction of water in the thermosphere. GWs delay the onset of the transport during solstitial storms and change the globally averaged amount of water in the upper atmosphere by 10-25%.
Enacting Planets to Understand Occultation Phenomena
Creators: name: Rollinde, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Solar System motivates students to interest themselves in sciences, as a large number of concepts may be easily introduced through the observation and understanding of planet's motion. Using a large representation of the Solar System at a human scale ("a human Orrery"), we have conducted different activities with 10 to 16 years old children. In this contribution, we discuss the different scientific concepts covered by the Human Orrery, allowing the connection of both science and mathematics subjects in schools. We then detail how this pedagogical tool may serve to introduce abstract concepts required to understand occultation phenomena through a modelling activity.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1909.01630
Exploration in the Sc-Al-Cu system: evidence for i-ScAl2.4Cu3.2 quasicrystal and new crystal data for five intermetallic phases
Creators: name: Tillard, Monique
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The ternary system Sc-Al-Cu system has been investigated in this work. Several alloys with various compositions have been prepared by arc-melting from the elements and studied by X-ray diffraction. An icosahedral quasicrystal of formula ScAl2.4Cu3.2 has been identified using the reciprocal space reconstructed from its diffraction images. The diffraction data collected for several single crystals led to solve and refine five crystal structures: cubic ScAlCu2 (Fm 3¯m), hexagonal ScAl1.1Cu0.9 (P6¯m2), hexagonal ScAl2.4Cu2.9 (P63/mmc), tetragonal ScAl5.3Cu6.7 (I4/mmm) and orthorhombic ScAl2.2Cu3.4 (Cmmm). Almost all these structures are characterised with copper/aluminum atomic mixing at most of the crystallographic sites and the atomic arrangements are favourable to the existence of stoichiometry ranges for the compounds. These results, providing new single crystal data sets for these ternary compounds, clarify and confirm the structures previously reported (from crystal or powder data).
Observations on the Cattle Cycle
Creators: name: Breimyer, Harold F.
name: Breimyer, Harold F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Productivity Analysis

description: Among all economic cycles that alternately bring cheer and despair to their participants and continuously challenge the ingenuity of analysts, none presents so rhythmic a pattern as does the cycle in cattle numbers. Many studies of the cattle cycle have been attempted but few published. This article sums up previous research and adds new interpretative analysis.
Correlated N-boson systems for arbitrary scattering length
Creators: name: Sørensen, O.
name: Fedorov, D. V.
name: Jensen, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate systems of identical bosons with the focus on two-body correlations and attractive finite-range potentials. We use a hyperspherical adiabatic method and apply a Faddeev type of decomposition of the wave function. We discuss the structure of a condensate as function of particle number and scattering length. We establish universal scaling relations for the critical effective radial potentials for distances where the average distance between particle pairs is larger than the interaction range. The correlations in the wave function restore the large distance mean-field behaviour with the correct two-body interaction. We discuss various processes limiting the stability of condensates. With correlations we confirm that macroscopic tunneling dominates when the trap length is about half of the particle number times the scattering length.
description: 15 pages (RevTeX4), 11 figures (LaTeX), submitted to Phys. Rev. A. Second version includes an explicit comparison to N=3, a restructured manuscript, and updated figures
Sampling in West German Official Agricultural Statistics
Creators: name: Strecker, Heinrich
name: Strecker, Heinrich
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper, which summarizes developments in the theory and practice of agricultural statistics in West Germany during the last 6 years, is reproduced here in an English version for the first time in an American journal. It was given at the 24th Annual Meeting of the Germany Statistical Association in October 1953, and published by the journal of that organization.1 The translator, Mr. Hendricks, and Paul L. Koenig, also of the Agricultural Estimates Division, worked with the Food and Agricultural Offices of the Bipartite Control Commission in Germany in the summer of 1948. At that time they took part in some of the early work mentioned by Dr. Strecker.
description: Translation by Walter A. Hendricks
Modeling the hydrological cycle in the atmosphere of Mars: Influence of a bimodal size distribution of aerosol nucleation particles
Creators: name: Shaposhnikov, Dmitry S.
name: Rodin, Alexander V.
name: Medvedev, Alexander S.
name: Fedorova, Anna A.
name: Kurod, Takeshi
name: Hartogh, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new implementation of the hydrological cycle scheme into a general circulation model of the Martian atmosphere. The model includes a semi-Lagrangian transport scheme for water vapor and ice, and accounts for microphysics of phase transitions between them. The hydrological scheme includes processes of saturation, nucleation, particle growth, sublimation and sedimentation under the assumption of a variable size distribution. The scheme has been implemented into the Max Planck Institute Martian general circulation model (MPI--MGCM) and tested assuming mono- and bimodal log-normal distributions of ice condensation nuclei. We present a comparison of the simulated annual variations, horizontal and vertical distributions of water vapor and ice clouds with the available observations from instruments onboard Mars orbiters. The accounting for bi-modality of aerosol particle distribution improves the simulations of the annual hydrological cycle, including predicted ice clouds mass, opacity, number density, particle radii. The increased number density and lower nucleation rates brings the simulated cloud opacities closer to observations. Simulations show a weak effect of the excess of small aerosol particles on the simulated water vapor distributions.
Measurement of Sales of Apples in Retail Stores
Creators: name: Houseman, Earl E.
name: Houseman, Earl E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Crop Production/Industries

description: The relative merits of different methods of measuring volume of retail sales of particular commodities has been a debated subject in recent years. As a byproduct of an experiment in retail store merchandising, a direct comparison of some alternative methods is made in this paper, a matter of importance, we believe, to persons interested in the measurement of retail sales.
Three-dimensional trapping of individual Rydberg atoms in ponderomotive bottle beam traps
Creators: name: Barredo, Daniel
name: Lienhard, Vincent
name: Scholl, Pascal
name: de Léséleuc, Sylvain
name: Boulier, Thomas
name: Browaeys, Antoine
name: Lahaye, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate three-dimensional trapping of individual Rydberg atoms in holographic optical bottle beam traps. Starting with cold, ground-state $^{87}$Rb atoms held in standard optical tweezers, we excite them to $nS_{1/2}$, $nP_{1/2}$, or $nD_{3/2}$ Rydberg states and transfer them to a hollow trap at 850 nm. For principal quantum numbers $60 \leqslant n \leqslant 90$, the measured trapping time coincides with the Rydberg state lifetime in a 300~K environment. We show that these traps are compatible with quantum information and simulation tasks by performing single qubit microwave Rabi flopping, as well as by measuring the interaction-induced, coherent spin-exchange dynamics between two trapped Rydberg atoms separated by 40 $μ$m. These results will find applications in the realization of high-fidelity quantum simulations and quantum logic operations with Rydberg atoms.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, supplemental material (3 pages, 3 figures)
On the Inertia of the Asynchronous Circuits
Creators: name: Vlad, Serban E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.1.0

description: We present the bounded delays, the absolute inertia and the relative inertia.
Gamma ray-induced in vitro cell migration via EGFR/ERK/Akt/p38 activation is prevented by olaparib pretreatment
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Priyanka
name: Payel Dey
name: Debapriya De
name: Ghosh, Utpal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Purpose: Radiotherapy using gamma ray is still the main therapeutic modality for the treatment of various cancers. However, local recurrence and increase of metastasis after radiotherapy is still a major therapeutic challenge. Aim of this work was to check cell migration along with activity and expression of some marker proteins involved in epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT) pathway in three different human cancer cells after exposure with gamma radiation in combination with PARP inhibitor olaparib. Materials and methods: Here, we presented cell viability, in vitro cell migration, activity of MMPs by gelatin zymography, expression of few EMT marker proteins and the signaling cascade involved in transcriptional regulation of MMPs after gamma irradiation with and without olaparib pretreatment in highly metastatic three human cancer cell lines—A549, HeLa and U2OS. Results: We observed that gamma irradiation alone increased in vitro cell migration, MMP-2,-9 activity, expression of N-cadherin, vimentin and the signaling molecules EGFR, ERK1/2, Akt, p38 that enhanced NF-kB expression in all three cell types. Olaparib treatment alone reduced in vitro cell migration along with reduction of expression of all the above-mentioned marker proteins of the EMT pathway. However, 4 h olaparib pretreatment prevented gamma ray induced activation of all these marker proteins in all three cell types. Conclusions: This data implicates that olaparib treatment in combination with gamma therapy could be promising in protecting patients from gamma-induced metastasis.
Labor in the Marketing of Farm Food Products
Creators: name: Ogren, Kenneth E.
name: Parr, Kathryn
name: Ogren, Kenneth E.
name: Parr, Kathryn
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Labor and Human Capital

description: Farm-retail price spreads and the farmer's share of the consumer's dollar have long been the concern of both producers and consumers, as well as legislative bodies and other public policy groups. The farm-retail price spread for many farm products is a large part of the retail price—about 85 percent of the costs of tobacco products, household textiles, and clothing at retail, and more than half of the retail-store cost of food. To develop an understanding of the size of these spreads and the variations between products and time periods, it is necessary to consider the services performed in getting the products from the farmers to the consumers and the costs of performing these services. This article describes the statistics compiled in the Agricultural Marketing Service for measuring labor costs as a component of the farm-retail spread and the uses of these statistics.
Building blocks for space-time non-separable pulses
Creators: name: Zdagkas, Apostolos
name: Papasimakis, Nikitas
name: Savinov, Vassili
name: Zheludev, Nikolay I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Space-time non-separable pulses hold promise for topological information transfer, probing ultra-fast light-matter interactions and engaging toroidal excitations in matter. Spurred by recent advances in ultra-fast and topological optics, these exotic electromagnetic excitations are now becoming the focus of growing experimental efforts. Many practical questions are yet to be answered regarding their generation, detection and light matter interactions. In particular, can these pulses be constructed from plane waves or other simple but experimentally accessible waves? Here we demonstrate that they can and as an example we provide analytical expressions for the characteristic case of the flying doughnut pulse which allows the expansion and synthesis of the pulse from sets of monochromatic beams, single-cycle pulses, and plane waves.
description: 51 pages, 5 figures
Comparison of light-time formulations in the post-Newtonian framework for the BepiColombo MORE experiment
Creators: name: Cappuccio, Paolo
name: di Stefano, Ivan
name: Cascioli, Gael
name: Iess, Luciano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ESA/JAXA BepiColombo mission, launched on 20 October 2018, is currently in cruise toward Mercury. The Mercury Orbiter Radio-science Experiment (MORE), one of the 16 experiments of the mission, will exploit range and range-rate measurements collected during superior solar conjunctions to better constrain the post-Newtonian parameter $γ$. The MORE radio tracking system is capable of establishing a 5-leg link in X- and Ka-band to obtain 2-way range-rate measurements with an accuracy of $0.01 mm/s^-1$ @ 60 s sampling time and 2-way range measurements at centimeter level after a few seconds of integration time, at almost all solar elongation angles. In this paper, we investigate if the light-time formulation derived by Moyer, implemented in JPL's orbit determination code MONTE, is still a valid approximation, in light of the recent advancements in radiometric measurement performance. Several formulations of the gravitational time delay, expressed as an expansion in powers of $GM/c^2r$, are considered in this work. We quantified the contribution of each term of the light-time expansion for the first superior solar conjunction experiment of BepiColombo. The maximum 2-way error caused by Moyer approximation with respect to a complete second order expansion amounts to 17 mm. This is at the level of accuracy of the novel pseudo-noise (PN) ranging system at 24 Mcps used by MORE. A complete second order expansion is then recommended for present and future superior solar conjunction experiments. The perturbation caused by the planets in the Solar System is considered as well, resulting in significant effects due to the Jupiter, the Earth and the Saturn systems. For these bodies the classical Shapiro time delay is sufficient. The corrections due to the Sun oblateness and angular momentum are negligible.
Sampling Aspects of a Consumer Survey of Milk Products
Creators: name: Hixson, Eugene E.
name: Hixson, Eugene E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1955
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics
Livestock Production/Industries

description: An accumulation of knowledge of sampling errors is valuable for purposes of improving the design of samples and the interpretation of results. This article contributes to such knowledge a comparative analysis of alternative sampling methods, based on data from a recent marketing survey.
Farmland Values Reexplored
Creators: name: Iden, George
name: Iden, George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Farm Management
Land Economics/Use

description: The selling price of agricultural land has shown an unprecedented rise over the last 25 years, due to a number of factors. Economists and real estate men have attempted to appraise the role of (1) land purchases as a hedge against inflation, (2) higher returns per acre, (3) the need for farm enlargement, (4) urban expansion, and (5) the equity position of farmers. Examples of such appraisals include those by Regan and Clarenbach (10), Scofield (11), and Miller (8).1 This paper tries to answer in a meaningful way the question of what has happened to the value of agricultural land on typical commercial farms and why it has happened. The author wishes to thank W. Herbert Brown and William H. Scofield for suggestions and criticisms. Edward J. Smith, Lawrence H. Shaw, and John E. Lee were helpful reviewers.
Economic Growth and the Theory of Agricultural Revolution
Creators: name: Swanson, Joseph A.
name: Swanson, Joseph A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Financial Economics

description: The role of the agricultural sector in economic growth has recently come under study. Numerous articles have appeared on the theoretical aspects (capital formation, increased productivity, etc.) of agriculture's contribution as well as on the numerical magnitude of changes that have taken place. These studies, together with many historical writings on the growth of American agriculture, raise the possibility of several hypotheses about the specific role of agriculture in American economic growth. Recently the work of Rasmussen (9) has presented a hypothesis which deserves examination.1 Rasmussen finds that the statistical record shows two periods of "revolutionary" change in the agriculture sector : 1850 to 1870 and 1940 to the present time. He notes that these were periods of radical changes in the sources of farm power; they appear as periods of sharp increases in both output and productivity. Specific changes in technology and the nature of demand are shown to have had given effects on the nature of production; hence, upon the structure of the sector. This article examines the theory underlying the concept of "agricultural revolution." That is, the usage of this term, previously and presently, is examined in the light of recent work in the field of development theory and economic history.
Phase Transition and Electronic Structure Investigation of MoS$_2$-rGO Nanocomposite Decorated with AuNPs
Creators: name: Garcia-Basabe, Yunier
name: Peixoto, Gabriela F.
name: Grasseschi, Daniel
name: Romani, Eric C.
name: Vicentin, Flávio C.
name: Villegas, Cesar E. P.
name: Rocha, Alexandre. R.
name: Larrude, Dunieskys G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work a simple approach to transform MoS$_2$ from its metallic (1T' to semiconductor 2H) character via gold nanoparticle surface decoration of a MoS$_2$ graphene oxide (rGO) nanocomposite is proposed. The possible mechanism to this phase transformation was investigated using different spectroscopy techniques, and supported by density functional theory theoretical calculations. A mixture of the 1T'- and 2H-MoS2 phases was observed from the Raman and Mo 3d High Resolution X-ray photoelectron (HRXPS) spectra analysis in the MoS$_2$-rGO nanocomposite. After surface decoration with gold nanoparticles the concentration of the 1T' phase decreases making evident a phase transformation. According to Raman and valence band spectra analyses, the AuNPs induces a p-type doping in MoS$_2$ -rGO nanocomposite. We proposed as a main mechanism to the MoS$_2$ phase transformation the electron transfer from Mo 4d-xy,xz,yz in 1T' phase to AuNPs conduction band. At the same time, the unoccupied electronic structure was investigated from S K-edge Near Edge X-Ray Absorption Fine Structure (NEXAFS) spectroscopy. Finally, the electronic coupling between unoccupied electronic states was investigated by the core hole clock approach using Resonant Auger spectroscopy (RAS), showing that AuNPs affect mainly the MoS2 electronic states close to Fermi level.
description: 33 pages, 8 figures
The Mechanics of Agricultural Productivity and Economic Growth
Creators: name: Christensen, Raymond P.
name: Yee, Harold T.
name: Christensen, Raymond P.
name: Yee, Harold T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics

description: Increases in agricultural productivity contribute to national economic development and income growth in two major ways: they release labor resources for nonagricultural sectors and they supply an economic output above that consumed or used for further production in the agricultural sector-an "economic surplus" that can be transferred out of agriculture to provide capital for economic growth in the nonagricultural sectors. This paper suggests ways of measuring changes in agricultural output, input, and productivity and the contribution that increases in agricultural productivity can make to national income growth. Like Singer's article, it deals with mechanical aspects of economic growth? It suggests an analytical framework for research on conditions influencing improvement in agricultural productivity.
Theory of fusion hindrance and synthesis of the superheavy elements
Creators: name: Abe, Yasuhisa
name: Bouriquet, Bertrand
name: Shen, Caiwan
name: Kosenko, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-step model for fusion reactions of massive systems is briefly reviewed.By the use of fusion probabilities obtained by the model and of survival probabilities obtained by the new statistical code, we predict residue cross sections for 48Ca+actinide systems leading to superheavy elements with Z=114, 116 and 118.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Halong Bay meeting proceeding
Additional file 5 of Functional identification of PsMYB57 involved in anthocyanin regulation of tree peony
Creators: name: Zhang, Yanzhao
name: Xu, Shuzhen
name: Cheng, Yanwei
name: Wang, Jing
name: Wang, Xiangxiang
name: Liu, Runxiao
name: Han, Jianming
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. MYB deduced amino acid sequence characteristics and predicted subcellular location of genes.
Microscopic imaging of non-repetitive dynamic scenes at 5 THz frame rates by time and spatial frequency multiplexing
Creators: name: Moon, Jungho
name: Yoon, Seok-Chan
name: Lim, Yong-sik
name: Choi, Wonshik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Femtosecond-scale ultrafast imaging is an essential tool for visualizing ultrafast dynamics in molecular biology, physical chemistry, atomic physics, and fluid dynamics. Pump-probe imaging and a streak camera are the most widely used techniques, but they are either demanding the repetitions of the same scene or sacrificing the number of imaging dimensions. Many interesting single-shot ultrafast imaging techniques have been developed in recent years for recording non-repetitive dynamic scenes. Nevertheless, there are still weaknesses in the number of frames, the number of image pixels, or spatial/temporal resolution. Here, we present a single-shot ultrafast microscopy that can capture more than a dozen frames at a time with the frame rate of 5 THz. We combine a spatial light modulator and a custom-made echelon for efficiently generating a large number of reference pulses with designed time delays and propagation angles. The single-shot recording of the interference image between these reference pulses with a sample pulse allows us to retrieve the stroboscopic images of the dynamic scene at the timing of the reference pulses. We demonstrated the recording of 14 temporal snapshots at a time, which is the largest to date, with the optimal temporal resolution set by the laser output pulse. Our ultrafast microscopy is highly scalable in the number of frames and temporal resolutions, and this will have profound impacts on uncovering the interesting spatio-temporal dynamics yet to be explored.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Effects of Price Specials on Volume of Sales of Frying Chickens
Creators: name: Gray, Leo R.
name: Gray, Leo R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis
Livestock Production/Industries

description: Every week, major food retailers have advertisements in local newspapers in which they feature commodities at special sale prices. Probes to measure the effects of advertising these price specials, however, are relatively recent in marketing economics research. What effect do retail price specials have on total sales in a market area, or in the whole Nation? A preliminary study that attempted an aggregate approach to this problem for frying chickens was published by the USDA in 1963.1 A substantial increase in sales volume would be expected when fryers are featured as a special. Such a change in volume should exceed the normal increase expected from just lowering the price without featuring the item. As a result, the demand function at a designated price level during a special sales promotion should shift to the right—larger sales at the same price. The interaction of price and special sales advertising might also be expected to change the slope of the demand function in a direction that would indicate an increase in price elasticity of demand. These changes would occur if consumers spent a greater percentage of their incomes on fryers in sale weeks than in nonsale weeks.
Magnetically driven in-plane modulation of the 3D orientation of vertical ferromagnetic flakes
Creators: name: Ferrand, Hortense Le
name: Arrieta, Andres F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: External magnetic fields are known to attract and orient magnetically responsive colloidal particles. In the case of 2D microplatelets, rotating magnetic fields are typically used to orient them parallel to each other in a brick-and-mortar fashion. Thanks to this microstructure, the resulting composites achieve enhanced mechanical and functional properties. However, parts with complex geometry require their microstructure to be specifically tuned and controlled locally in 3D. Although the tunability of the microstructure along the vertical direction has already been demonstrated using magnetic orientation combined with sequential or continuous casting, controlling the particle orientation in the horizontal plane in a fast and effective fashion remains challenging. Here, we propose to use rotating magnetic arrays to control the in-plane orientation of ferromagnetic Nickel flakes distributed in uncured polymeric matrices. We experimentally studied the orientation of the flakes in response to magnets rotating at various frequencies and precessing angles. Then, we used COMSOL to model the magnetic field from rotating magnetic arrays and predicted the resulting in-plane orientations. To validate the approach, we created composites with locally oriented flakes. This work could initiate reverse-engineering methods to design the microstructure in composite materials with intricate geometrical shapes for structural or functional applications.
Projection of Farm Numbers for North Dakota With Markov Chains
Creators: name: Krenz, Ronald D.
name: Krenz, Ronald D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Farm Management
Production Economics

description: The Markov process was first applied in economics to problems of relative structure, as for example in the analysis of income and wage distributions. The extension of such distributions over time was an initial step in projection. The analysis in this paper takes a further step by developing a method for making projections of absolute numbers from an appropriately modified Markov base. This new departure represents both a weakness and a strength; weakness because the modifying assumptions abstract considerably from reality, but strength because the technique covers a broader area of obvious need.
Multi-site, multi-technique survey of Gamma Doradus candidates
Creators: name: Mathias, P.
name: Contel, J. -M. Le
name: Chapellier, E.
name: Jankov, S.
name: Sareyan, J. -P.
name: Poretti, E.
name: Garrido, R.
name: Rodriguez, E.
name: Ferro, A. Arellano
name: Alvarez, M.
name: Parrao, L.
name: Pena, J.
name: Eyer, L.
name: Aerts, C.
name: De Cat, P.
name: Weiss, W. W.
name: Zhou, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of a 2-year high-resolution spectroscopy campaign of 59 candidate Gamma Doradus stars which were mainly discovered from the HIPPARCOS astrometric mission. More than 60 % of the stars present line profile variations which can be interpreted as due to pulsation related to Gamma Doradus stars. For all stars we also derived the projected rotation velocity (up to more than 200 km\s). The amplitude ratios 2K/Delta m for the main HIPPARCOS frequency are in the range 35 - 96 (km\s)\mag. Less than 50 % of the candidates are possible members of binary systems, with 20 stars being confirmed Gamma Doradus. At least 6 stars present composite spectra, and in all but one case (for which only one spectrum could be obtained), the narrow component shows line profile variations, pointing towards an uncomfortable situation if this narrow component originates from a shell surrounding the star. This paper is the first of a series concerning mode identification using both photometric and spectroscopic methods for the confirmed Gamma Doradus stars of the present sample.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for Astronomy & Astrophysics
Exact Results in Non-Supersymmetric Large N Orientifold Field Theories
Creators: name: Armoni, A.
name: Shifman, M.
name: Veneziano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider non-supersymmetric large N orientifold field theories. Specifically, we discuss a gauge theory with a Dirac fermion in the anti-symmetric tensor representation. We argue that, at large N and in a large part of its bosonic sector, this theory is non-perturbatively equivalent to N=1 SYM, so that exact results established in the latter (parent) theory also hold in the daughter orientifold theory. In particular, the non-supersymmetric theory has an exactly calculable bifermion condensate, exactly degenerate parity doublets, and a vanishing cosmological constant (all this to leading order in 1/N).
description: 18 pages, Latex. 3 figures. v2,v3: minor changes, refs. added, to appear in Nucl.Phys.B
Resonance interaction between two entangled gravitational polarizable objects
Creators: name: Hu, Yongshun
name: Hu, Jiawei
name: Yu, Hongwei
name: Wu, Puxun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the resonance quadrupole-quadrupole interaction between two entangled gravitationally polarizable objects induced by a bath of fluctuating quantum gravitational fields in vacuum in the framework of linearized quantum gravity. Our result shows that, the interaction energy behaves as $r^{-5}$ in the near regime, and oscillates with a decreasing amplitude proportional to $r^{-1}$ in the far regime, where $r$ is the distance between the two objects. Compared to the case when the two objects are in their ground states, the quantum gravitational interaction is significantly enhanced when the objects are in an entangled state. Remarkably, in the far regime, the resonance quantum gravitational interaction can give the dominating quantum correction to the Newtonian potential, since the extremum is much greater than the monopole-monopole quantum gravitational interaction.
description: 12 pages
Gamma ray induced in-vitro cell migration via EGFR/ERK/Akt/p38 activation is prevented by olaparib pre-treatment
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Priyanka
name: Payel Dey
name: Debapriya De
name: Ghosh, Utpal
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Purpose-Radiotherapy using gamma ray is still the main therapeutic modality for the treatment of various cancers. However, local recurrence and increase of metastasis after radiotherapy is still a major therapeutic challenge. Aim of this present work was to check cell migration along with activity and expression of some marker proteins involved in Epithelial Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) pathway in three different human cancer cells after exposure with gamma radiation in combination with PARP inhibitor olaparib. Materials and methods- Here, we presented cell viability, in-vitro cell migration, activity of MMPs by gelatin zymography, expression of few EMT marker proteins and the signaling cascade involved in transcriptional regulation of MMPs after gamma irradiation with and without olaparib pre-treatment in highly metastatic three human cancer cell lines - A549, HeLa and U2OS. Results-We observed that gamma irradiation alone increased in-vitro cell migration, MMP-2,-9 activity, expression of N-cadherin, vimentin and the signaling molecules EGFR, ERK1/2, Akt, p38 that enhanced NF-kB expression in all three cell-types. Olaparib treatment alone reduced in-vitro cell migration along with reduction of expression of all the above-mentioned marker proteins of the EMT pathway. However, 4h olaparib pre-treatment prevented gamma ray induced activation of all these marker proteins in all three cell-types. Conclusions-This data implicates that olaparib treatment in combination with gamma therapy could be promising in protecting patients from gamma-induced metastasis.