cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Triviality of the geometry of mixed $p$-spin spherical Hamiltonians with external field
Creators: name: Belius, David
name: Černý, Jiří
name: Nakajima, Shuta
name: Schmidt, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G15 82B44 82D30

description: We study isotropic Gaussian random fields on the high-dimensional sphere with an added deterministic linear term, also known as mixed p-spin Hamiltonians with external field. We prove that if the external field is sufficiently strong, then the resulting function has trivial geometry, that is only two critical points. This contrasts with the situation of no or weak external field where these functions typically have an exponential number of critical points. We give an explicit threshold $h_c$ for the magnitude of the external fieldnecessary for trivialization and conjecture $h_c$ to be sharp. The Kac-Rice formula is our main tool. Our work extends [Fyo15], which identified the trivial regime for the special case of pure p-spin Hamiltonians with random external field.
description: 34 pages, 1 figure
Electric field in 3D gravity with torsion
Creators: name: Blagojević, M.
name: Cvetković, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that in static and spherically symmetric configurations of the system of Maxwell field coupled to 3D gravity with torsion, at least one of the Maxwell field components has to vanish. Restricting our attention to the electric sector of the theory, we find an interesting exact solution, corresponding to the azimuthal electric field. Its geometric structure is to a large extent influenced by the values of two different central charges, associated to the asymptotic AdS structure of spacetime.
description: LATEX, 15 pages, v2: minor corrections
Di luogo in luogo: la comunità locale e il governo del territorio
Creators: name: Cioce, Saverio
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: In una stagione in cui la nozione di urbanistica è “inghiottita” da una parte dall’insostenibilità degli esiti prodotti, e dall’altra dall’introduzione della più complessa nozione di governo del territorio, l’opportunità di interrogarsi sulle più complesse dimensioni cui occorre riferirsi diventa impegno urgente.
Sembra delinearsi un ritorno a pratiche più sistematiche, capaci di garantire il perseguimento di obiettivi strategici ideati, attraverso la programmazione di interventi inseriti nel quadro di piani dalla doppia dimensione strutturale-operativa. Ed in questa linea di pensiero acquistano importanza le pratiche conoscitive e valutative che accompagnano l’ideazione stessa degli strumenti di pianificazione. L’attività di ricerca ha approfondito i diversi approcci con cui le regioni italiane hanno affrontato il tema del governo del territorio. Dunque si è inteso approfondire il senso dell’urbanistica contemporanea, effettuando una ricognizione sugli strumenti di cui la disciplina si avvale, per verificarne criticamente la credibilità nei modi e negli esiti.
Nello svolgimento si assume l’idea di un “paese di luoghi”, ovvero una nazione formata da realtà locali fortemente identitarie, ma caratterizzate da profonde differenze culturali e socio-economiche, con notevoli conseguenze sulla capacità e sugli esiti di governo nei diversi contesti geografici.
L’esperienza emiliano-romagnola è stata oggetto di approfondimento nel corso della ricerca, perché costituisce a mio avviso il sistema di pianificazione più efficace e completo nel panorama italiano. In altri casi, fra i quali la Campania, non pare che le annunciate innovazioni trovino la spinta e la volontà politica necessarie a operare realmente il cambiamento.
Fra gli strumenti della pianificazione il quadro conoscitivo è stato codificato all’interno di alcune leggi regionali come elemento costitutivo del Piano, cui attribuire ruolo fondamentale nella ricerca della condivisione dei presupposti su cui costruire un quadro di compatibilità delle azioni. In regione Campania questa attività non è disciplinata dalla legge, ma esiste una casistica determinata dallo stile di chi si occupa delle questioni urbanistiche.
Un caso particolarmente interessante è il territorio del comune di Capaccio-Paestum: esso è custode di un eccezionale patrimonio storico culturale e paesaggistico, e nondimeno si caratterizza per la presenza di grandi energie imprenditoriali costituenti una sorta di distretto produttivo locale di elevata vivacità e qualità. Si è svolto un approfondimento sperimentale su metodologie di indagine mirate all’ideazione del progetto urbanistico. La ricerca di razionalità nel processo avviato con la Relazione Programmatica per il nuovo piano diventa un presupposto cruciale per costruire argomenti su cui sostenere il dibattito con gli attori in campo.
$(Zα)^{4}$ order of the polarization operator in Coulomb field at low energy
Creators: name: Kirilin, G. G.
name: Lee, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the low-energy expansion of $(Zα) ^{2}$ and $(Zα) ^{4}$ terms of the polarization operator in the Coulomb field. Physical applications such as the low-energy Delbrück scattering and "magnetic loop" contribution to the $g$ factor of the bound electron are considered.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
The development of the Lielmezs-Howell-Campbell equation of state for pure fluids
Creators: name: Herrick, Troy Alexander
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The Lielmezs-Howell-Campbell (LHC) equation of state, originally proposed for saturated states, was further developed to study P-V-T and thermodynamic properties of 14 select pure fluids. Using the dimensionless T* coordinates: [See Thesis for Equation] two new temperature dependent functions, a(T*)⁻ and a(T *)[sup c], were proposed. Test comparisons were made between the LHC, Soave 1972, Redlich-Kwong, Lee-Kesler, Benedict-Webb-Rubin, and Boublik-Alder-Chen-Kreglewski equations for 14 organic, inorganic and quantal fluids over P-V-T ranges where available data permitted. The LHC equation performed as consistently and accurately as the 5 already established equations in calculating P-V-T properties, Joule-Thomson coefficients, inversion curve coordinates, fugacities, the two heat capacity, Cp and Cv, values as well as the thermodynamic departure functions of: enthalpy, entropy, internal energy, Gibbs and Helmholtz free energies. All results were compared on the bases of root mean square percent, RMS-%, error and the central processing unit (CPU) time. Finally, thermodynamic departure plots were produced using the LHC equation.
Ultrashort pulsed laser ablation of solid targets
Creators: name: Vitiello, Marco
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: La tesi è stata rivolta alla caratterizzazione del processo di ablazione laser con impulsi ultracorti da bersagli solidi, in alto vuoto.
Le motivazioni di fondo di tale ricerca sono state essenzialmente due. La prima, la carenza di studi organici che enucleassero la complessa varietà di fenomeni generati dall’interazione laser-materia nel regime di impulsi ultracorti; la seconda, l’estremo interesse da un punto di vista tecnologico verso lo studio degli effetti sul solido dell’irraggiamento laser in tale regime, per applicazioni di micro e nano-lavorazione di materiali.
Gli studi realizzati hanno permesso di evidenziare per la prima volta la presenza di nanoparticelle nel plasma ablato, come conseguenza dell’interazione laser-solido nel regime di impulsi ultracorti (durata degli impulsi laser inferiore a qualche ps). Particolare interesse è stato quindi rivolto allo studio delle proprietà morfologiche delle nanoparticelle e dei loro meccanismi di formazione. Nel corso degli studi, si è evidenziata l’assoluta generalità del processo di produzione di nanoparticelle indipendentemente dal materiale utilizzato come bersaglio e dalle proprietà della radiazione laser incidente (durata, lunghezza d’onda, fluenza laser), nonché la sua versatilità rispetto ad altre tecniche di produzione di nanoparticelle.
 Le tecniche sperimentali adottate hanno permesso tanto la caratterizzazione della piuma ablata (Spettroscopia ottica in emissione, Langmuir Probe, Fotografia ad alta risoluzione temporale) che dei depositi di nanoparticelle realizzati (Microscopia a forza atomica).
Diversi modelli teorici sono stati adottati per interpretare i risultati sperimentali. In particolare, sono state implementate simulazioni di Dinamica Molecolare e tecniche MonteCarlo. I risultati numerici ben riproducono i dati sperimentali e contribuiscono alla comprensione dei fondamentali meccanismi di interazione laser solido nel regime di impulsi ultracorti.
Sia i dati sperimentali che quelli numerici hanno rivelato che la produzione di nanoparticelle è direttamente connessa con i meccanismi di rilassamento dalle estreme condizioni di non equilibrio cui il materiale irraggiato è portato a seguito dell’assorbimento della radiazione laser.
NEMO 3 double beta decay experiment: latest results
Creators: name: Barabash, A. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The double beta decay experiment NEMO~3 has been taking data since February 2003. The aim of this experiment is to search for neutrinoless decay and investigate two neutrino double beta decay in seven different enriched isotopes ($^{100}$Mo,$^{82}$Se, $^{48}$Ca, $^{96}$Zr, $^{116}$Cd, $^{130}$Te and $^{150}$Nd). After analysis of the data corresponding to 693 days, no evidence for $0νββ$ decay in $^{100}$Mo and $^{82}$Se was found. The half-life limits at 90% C.L. are $5.8\cdot 10^{23}$ y and $2.1\cdot 10^{23}$ y, respectively. Using $\sim$ 940 days of data, preliminary results were obtained for $^{48}$Ca, $^{96}$Zr and $^{150}$Nd. For two neutrino decay half-life values were measured, $T_{1/2}(^{48}{\rm Ca}) = [4.4^{+0.5}_{-0.4}(stat) \pm 0.4(syst)] \cdot 10^{19}$ y, $T_{1/2}(^{96}{\rm Zr}) = [2.3 \pm 0.2(stat) \pm 0.3(syst)] \cdot 10^{19}$ y and $T_{1/2}(^{150}{\rm Nd}) = [9.2^{+0.25}_{-0.22}(stat) \pm 0.62(syst)] \cdot 10^{18}$ y. Also for $0νββ$ decay the following limits at 90% C.L. were obtained, $> 1.3 \cdot 10^{22}$ y for $^{48}$Ca, $> 8.6 \cdot 10^{21}$ y for $^{96}$Zr and > 1.8 \cdot 10^{22}$ y for $^{150}$Nd.
description: 11 pages included 8 figures and 3 tables, Invited talk at the CISPN ("Columbia Int. Symp. on Neutrino Physics"; Columbia, USA, May 15-17, 2008) and at the 2nd Int. Conf. NPAE-2008 (Kyiv, Ukraine, June 9-15, 2008)
Frustrated Ferroelectricity in Niobate Pyrochlores
Creators: name: McQueen, T. M.
name: Muegge, B.
name: Huang, Q.
name: Noble, K.
name: Zandbergen, H. W.
name: Cava, R. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The crystal structures of the A2B2O7-x Niobium-based pyrochlores Y2(Nb0.86Y0.14)2O6.91, CaYNb2O7, and Y2NbTiO7 are reported, determined by powder neutron diffraction. These compounds represent the first observation of B-site displacements in the pyrochlore structure: the B-site ions are found to be displaced from the ideal pyrochlore positions, creating electric dipoles. The orientations of these dipoles are fully analogous to orientations of the magnetic moments in Ising spin based magnetically frustrated pyrochlores. Diffuse scattering in electron diffraction patterns shows that the displacements are only short range ordered, indicative of geometric frustration of the collective dielectric state of the materials. Comparison to the crystal structure of the Nb5+ (d0) pyrochlore La2ScNbO7 supports the prediction that charge singlets, driven by the tendency of Nb to form metal-metal bonds, are present in these pyrochlores. The observed lack of long-range order to these singlets suggests that Nb4+-based pyrochlores represent the dielectric analogy to the geometric frustration of magnetic moments observed in rare earth pyrochlores.
description: Accepted to Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Modulation of the innate immune response by Yersinia enterocolitica upon systemic infection
Creators: name: Matteoli, Gianluca
Publisher: name: Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II
Year: 2006

description: Yersinia enterocolitica causes acute and chronic enteric infections and complications such as septicaemia or reactive arthritis. The survival strategy of Y. enterocolitica in hosts is to silence the innate immune as well as the adaptive immune response. For this purpose Y. enterocolitica has developed a Type III secretion system which allows to directly translocate six effectors proteins Yops (Yersinia outer protein H, T, O, P, M and E) into host cells.
Aim of this work was the characterization of the molecular mechanisms by which the Yops affect gene expression in cells of the innate immune response, in vivo. For this purpose, CD11b+ cells, including macrophages, granulocytes, dendritic cells and NK, were selected from the spleen of Y. enterocolitica infected mice and gene expression profiles were analyzed by oligonucleotide microarray. Three groups of C57BL/6 mice were infected intravenous with the Y .enterocolitica pYV+, or the yopP and or the yopH mutants, respectively. It was demonstrated that while the infection with the yopP showed a similar colonization of the spleen to the wild type pYV+ strain, the yopH mutant was highly attenuated. Furthermore, the microarray data revealed a significant difference between the gene expression profiles obtained with yopH strain compared to the wild type pYV+ or with the yopP strain. Intriguingly, the majority of the differentially regulated genes were functionally involved in the immune response, indicating that YopH plays a crucial role in the yersiniosis. Analysis of the transcriptional regulation of this group of genes revealed the presence of a major group of IFN-regulated genes, suggesting that in the early stage of infection the activation via interferon gamma of cells of the innate immunity is essential to overcome the inhibitory effects of YopH. In fact, we could prove that IFN- priming of macrophages can enhance significantly their Yersinia-antimicrobial activity. In order to characterize the molecular mechanisms involved in this process, we performed gene expression analysis of CD11b+ cells isolated from Y. enterocolitica-infected-interferon- receptor deficient mice. The data clearly revealed a panel newly IFN--regulated genes plausibly related to the pathogenesis of Yersinia infection. Further studies will be of interest to characterize the course of yersiniosis in mice in which these genes are disrupted.
This study shows that analyses of transcriptional response in host cells directly isolated from in vivo infection can reveal interesting insights into host cell functions and immune responses.
Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses reveal two new genera and three new species of ophiostomatalean fungi from termite fungus combs
Creators: name: Nel, Wilma J.
name: de Beer, Z. Wilhelm
name: Wingfield, Michael J.
name: Poulsen, Michael
name: Aanen, Duur K.
name: Wingfield, Brenda D.
name: Duong, Tuan A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The Ophiostomatales (Ascomycota) accommodates more than 300 species characterized by similar morphological adaptations to arthropod dispersal. Most species in this order are wood-inhabiting fungi associated with bark or ambrosia beetles. However, a smaller group of species occur in other niches such as in soil and Protea infructescences. Recent surveys of Termitomyces fungus gardens (fungus combs) of fungus-growing termites led to the discovery of characteristic ophiostomatalean-like fruiting structures. In this study, these ophiostomatalean-like fungi were identified using morphological characteristics, conventional molecular markers, and whole genome sequencing. In addition, the influence of the extracts derived from various parts of Termitomyces combs on the growth of these fungi in culture was considered. Based on phylogenomic analyses, two new genera (Intubia and Chrysosphaeria) were introduced to accommodate these ophiostomatalean species. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that the isolates resided in three well-supported lineages, and these were described as three new species (Intubia macrotermitinarum, I. oerlemansii, and Chrysosphaeria jan-nelii). Culture-based studies showed that these species do not depend on the Termitomyces comb material for growth.
Creation of ballot sequences in a periodic cellular automaton
Creators: name: Takagi, Taichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by an attempt to develop a method for solving initial value problems in a class of one dimensional periodic cellular automata (CA) associated with crystal bases and soliton equations, we consider a generalization of a simple proposition in elementary mathematics. The original proposition says that any sequence of letters 1 and 2, having no less 1's than 2's, can be changed into a ballot sequence via cyclic shifts only. We generalize it to treat sequences of cells of common capacity s > 1, each of them containing consecutive 2's (left) and 1's (right), and show that these sequences can be changed into a ballot sequence via two manipulations, cyclic and "quasi-cyclic" shifts. The latter is a new CA rule and we find that various kink-like structures are traveling along the system like particles under the time evolution of this rule.
description: 31 pages. Section 1 changed and section 5 added
Fast-transient Searches in Real Time with ZTFReST: Identification of Three Optically-discovered Gamma-ray Burst Afterglows and New Constraints on the Kilonova Rate
Creators: name: Andreoni, Igor
name: Coughlin, Michael W.
name: Kool, Erik C.
name: Kasliwal, Mansi M.
name: Kumar, Harsh
name: Bhalerao, Varun
name: Carracedo, Ana Sagués
name: Ho, Anna Y. Q.
name: Pang, Peter T. H.
name: Saraogi, Divita
name: Sharma, Kritti
name: Shenoy, Vedant
name: Burns, Eric
name: Ahumada, Tomás
name: Anand, Shreya
name: Singer, Leo P.
name: Perley, Daniel A.
name: De, Kishalay
name: Fremling, U. C.
name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Bulla, Mattia
name: Crellin-Quick, Arien
name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Drake, Andrew
name: Duev, Dmitry A.
name: Goobar, Ariel
name: Graham, Matthew J.
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Shupe, David L.
name: Sollerman, Jesper
name: Walters, Richard
name: Yao, Yuhan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While optical surveys regularly discover slow transients like supernovae on their own, the most common way to discover extragalactic fast transients, fading away in a few nights, is via follow-up observations of gamma-ray burst and gravitational-wave triggers. However, wide-field surveys have the potential to also identify rapidly fading transients independently of such external triggers. The volumetric survey speed of the Zwicky Transient Facility (ZTF) makes it sensitive to faint and fast-fading objects as kilonovae, the optical counterparts to binary neutron stars and neutron star-black hole mergers, out to almost 200Mpc. We introduce an open-source software infrastructure, the ZTF REaltime Search and Triggering, ZTFReST, designed to identify kilonovae and fast optical transients in ZTF data. Using the ZTF alert stream combined with forced photometry, we have implemented automated candidate ranking based on their photometric evolution and fitting to kilonova models. Automated triggering of follow-up systems, such as Las Cumbres Observatory, has also been implemented. In 13 months of science validation, we found several extragalactic fast transients independent of any external trigger (though some counterparts were identified later), including at least one supernova with post-shock cooling emission, two known afterglows with an associated gamma-ray burst, two known afterglows without any known gamma-ray counterpart, and three new fast-declining sources (ZTF20abtxwfx, ZTF20acozryr, and ZTF21aagwbjr) that are likely associated with GRB200817A, GRB201103B, and GRB210204A. However, we have not found any objects which appear to be kilonovae; therefore, we constrain the rate of GW170817-like kilonovae to $R < 900$Gpc$^{-3}$yr$^{-1}$. A framework such as ZTFReST could become a prime tool for kilonova and fast transient discovery with the Vera C. Rubin Observatory.
description: Submitted for publication
The passage of fibres through slots in pulp screening
Creators: name: Gooding, Robert William
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The screening of wood pulp fibres in aqueous suspension is an important industrial process which involves the passage of "accept" pulp fibres through a perforated or slotted plate, and the retention of larger, coarser fibres on the plate. The influence of fibre, flow, and slot variables on fibre passage was measured in this thesis. These findings were related to the operation of a commercial-scale pressure screen. Also a mechanism of screening was proposed based on fibre trajectories that were observed using high speed cine-photography. This mechanism has two components: 1) a "wall effect" which causes the layer of flow that passes through the slot to be deplete of large fibres, and 2) an "entry effect", which favours the passage of fibres that are short enough and flexible enough to follow the streamlines that turn and pass through the screen plate slot.
Conformations and diffusion of flexibly linked colloidal chains
Creators: name: Verweij, Ruben W.
name: Moerman, Pepijn G.
name: Huijnen, Loes P. P.
name: Ligthart, Nathalie E. G.
name: Chakraborty, Indrani
name: Groenewold, J.
name: Kegel, Willem K.
name: van Blaaderen, Alfons
name: Kraft, Daniela J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For biologically relevant macromolecules such as intrinsically disordered proteins, internal degrees of freedom that allow for shape changes have a large influence on both the motion and function of the compound. A detailed understanding of the effect of flexibility is needed in order to explain their behavior. Here, we study a model system of freely-jointed chains of three to six colloidal spheres, using both simulations and experiments. We find that in spite of their short lengths, their conformational statistics are well described by two-dimensional Flory theory, while their average translational and rotational diffusivity follow the Kirkwood-Riseman scaling. Their maximum flexibility does not depend on the length of the chain, but is determined by the near-wall in-plane translational diffusion coefficient of an individual sphere. Furthermore, we uncover shape-dependent effects in the short-time diffusivity of colloidal tetramer chains, as well as non-zero couplings between the different diffusive modes. Our findings may have implications for understanding both the diffusive behavior and the most likely conformations of macromolecular systems in biology and industry, such as proteins, polymers, single-stranded DNA and other chain-like molecules.
description: 19 pages, 10 figures
Synchronization of Excitatory Neurons with Strongly Heterogeneous Phase Responses
Creators: name: Tsubo, Yasuhiro
name: Teramae, Jun-nosuke
name: Fukai, Tomoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In many real-world oscillator systems, the phase response curves are highly heterogeneous. However, dynamics of heterogeneous oscillator networks has not been seriously addressed. We propose a theoretical framework to analyze such a system by dealing explicitly with the heterogeneous phase response curves. We develop a novel method to solve the self-consistent equations for order parameters by using formal complex-valued phase variables, and apply our theory to networks of in vitro cortical neurons. We find a novel state transition that is not observed in previous oscillator network models.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Phylogenomic analyses of Alternaria section Alternaria: A high-resolution, genome-wide study of lineage sorting and gene tree discordance
Creators: name: Dettman, Jeremy R.
name: Eggertson, Quinn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: The genus Alternaria contains a diversity of saprobic and pathogenic species that can be found in a wide range of environments. Alternaria is currently divided into 26 subgeneric sections, and the “small-spored” Alternaria section Alternaria includes many species that are economically important agricultural pathogens. Recognizing that a stable framework for systematics and species identification is essential for management and regulation purposes, this section has experienced much taxonomic debate and systematic revision in recent years. Molecular phylogenetic studies have challenged the reliability of using morphological characteristics to differentiate Alternaria species but have also suggested that commonly used molecular markers for fungal phylogenetics may not be sufficiently informative at this taxonomic level. To allow the assessment of molecular variation and evolutionary history at a genome-wide scale, we present an overview and analysis of phylogenomic resources for Alternaria section Alternaria. We review the currently available genomic resources and report five newly sequenced genomes. We then perform multiple comparative genomic analyses, including macrosynteny assessment and inference of phylogenetic relationships using a variety of data sets and analysis methods. Fine-scale, genome-wide phylogenetic reconstruction revealed incomplete lineage sorting and the genomic distribution of gene/species tree discordance. Based on these patterns, we propose a list of candidate genes that may be developed into informative markers that are diagnostic for the main lineages. This overview identifies gaps in knowledge and can guide future genome sequencing efforts for this important group of plant pathogenic fungi.
AdS black holes as reflecting cavities
Creators: name: Amado, Irene
name: Hoyos-Badajoz, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the identification between null singularities of correlators in the bulk with time singularities in the boundary correlators to study the analytic structure of time-dependent thermal Green functions using the eikonal approximation for classical solutions in the AdS black hole background. We show that the location of singularities in complex time can be understood in terms of null rays bouncing on the boundaries and singularities of the eternal black hole, giving the picture of a `reflecting cavity'. We can then extract the general analytic expression for the asymptotic values of the frequencies of quasinormal modes in large AdS black holes.
description: 14 pages, 2 figures, reference added
A Note on Dimer Models and D-brane Gauge Theories
Creators: name: Agarwal, Prarit
name: Ramadevi, P.
name: Sarkar, Tapobrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The connection between quiver gauge theories and dimer models has been well studied. It is known that the matter fields of the quiver gauge theories can be represented using the perfect matchings of the corresponding dimer model.We conjecture that a subset of perfect matchings associated with an internal point in the toric diagram is sufficient to give information about the charge matrix of the quiver gauge theory. Further, we perform explicit computations on some aspects of partial resolutions of toric singularities using dimer models. We analyse these with graph theory techniques, using the perfect matchings of orbifolds of the form $\BC^3/Γ$, where the orbifolding group $Γ$ may be noncyclic. Using these, we study the construction of the superpotential of gauge theories living on D-branes which probe these singularities, including the case where one or more adjoint fields are present upon partial resolution. Applying a combination of open and closed string techniques to dimer models, we also study some aspects of their symmetries.
description: Discussions expanded, clarifications added, typos fixed. 1+49 pages
Binary Blends of Diblock Copolymers: An Effective Route to Novel Bicontinuous Phases
Creators: name: Lai, Chi To
name: Shi, An-Chang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of various bicontinuous phases from binary blends of linear AB diblock copolymers (DBCPs) is studied using the polymeric self-consistent field theory. The theoretical study predicts that the double-diamond and the "plumber's nightmare" phases, which are metastable for neat diblock copolymers, could be stabilized in block copolymers with designed dispersity, namely, binary blends composed of a gyroid-forming DBCP and a homopolymer-like DBCP. The spatial distribution of different monomers reveals that these two types of DBCPs are segregated such that the homopolymer-like component is localized at the nodes to relieve the packing frustration. Simultaneously, the presence of a local segregation of the two DBCPs on the AB interface regulates the interfacial curvature. These two mechanisms could act in tandem for homopolymer-like diblock copolymers with proper compositions, resulting in larger stability regions for the novel bicontinuous phases.
Noise Suppression for Micromechanical Resonator via Intrinsic Dynamic Feedback
Creators: name: Ian, H.
name: Gong, Z. R.
name: Sun, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a dynamic mechanism to passively suppress the thermal noise of a micromechanical resonator through an intrinsic self-feedback that is genuinely non-Markovian. We use two coupled resonators, one as the target resonator and the other as an ancillary resonator, to illustrate the mechanism and its noise reduction effect. The intrinsic feedback is realized through the dynamics of coupling between the two resonators: the motions of the target resonator and the ancillary resonator mutually influence each other in a cyclic fashion. Specifically, the states that the target resonator has attained earlier will affect the state it attains later due to the presence of the ancillary resonator. We show that the feedback mechanism will bring forth the effect of noise suppression in the spectrum of displacement, but not in the spectrum of momentum.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Linear Quantum Feedback Networks
Creators: name: Gough, J.
name: Gohm, R.
name: Yanagisawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mathematical theory of quantum feedback networks has recently been developed for general open quantum dynamical systems interacting with bosonic input fields. In this article we show, for the special case of linear dynamical systems Markovian systems with instantaneous feedback connections, that the transfer functions can be deduced and agree with the algebraic rules obtained in the nonlinear case. Using these rules, we derive the the transfer functions for linear quantum systems in series, in cascade, and in feedback arrangements mediated by beam splitter devices.
description: 19 pages, Latex figures in text
Formation of Pt induced Ge atomic nanowires on Pt/Ge(001): a DFT study
Creators: name: Vanpoucke, Danny E. P.
name: Brocks, Geert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pt deposited onto a Ge(001) surface gives rise to the spontaneous formation of atomic nanowires on a mixed Pt-Ge surface after high temperature annealing. We study possible structures of the mixed surface and the nanowires by total energy (density functional theory) calculations. Experimental scanning tunneling microscopy images are compared to the calculated local densities of states. On the basis of this comparison and the stability of the structures, we conclude that the formation of nanowires is driven by an increased concentration of Pt atoms in the Ge surface layers. Surprisingly, the atomic nanowires consist of Ge instead of Pt atoms.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Hidden scale in quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Giri, Pulak Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the intriguing localization of a free particle wave-packet is possible due to a hidden scale present in the system. Self-adjoint extensions (SAE) is responsible for introducing this scale in quantum mechanical models through the nontrivial boundary conditions. We discuss a couple of classically scale invariant free particle systems to illustrate the issue. In this context it has been shown that a free quantum particle moving on a full line may have localized wave-packet around the origin. As a generalization, it has also been shown that particles moving on a portion of a plane or on a portion of a three dimensional space can have unusual localized wave-packet.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
The Spatial Power Spectrum and Derived Turbulent Properties of Isolated Galaxies
Creators: name: Körtgen, Bastian
name: Pingel, Nickolas
name: Killerby-Smith, Nicholas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The turbulent dynamics of nearby and extragalactic gas structures can be studied with the column density power spectrum, which is often described by a broken power-law.In an extragalactic context, the breaks in the power spectra have been interpreted to constrain the disc scale height, which marks a transition from 2D disc-like to 3D motion. However, this interpretation has recently been questioned when accounting for instrumental effects. We use numerical simulations to study the spatial power spectra of isolated galaxies and investigate the origins of the break scale. We split the gas into various phases and analyze the time evolution of the power spectrum characteristics, such as the slope(s) and the break scale. We find that the break scale is phase dependent. The physics traced by the break scale also differ: in the warm gas it marks the transition from 2D (disk-like) to 3D (isotropic) turbulence. In the cold gas, the break scale traces the typical size of molecular clouds. We further show that the break scale almost never traces the disc scale height. We study turbulent properties of the ISM to show that, in the case where the break scale traces a transition to isotropic turbulence, the fraction of required accretion energy to sustain turbulent motions in the ISM increases significantly. Lastly, we demonstrate through simulated observations that it is crucial to account for observational effects, such as the beam and instrumental noise, in order to accurately recover the break scale in real observations.
description: 16 pages. 12 figures. Accepted for publication by MNRAS. Comments welcome
title: Stwierdzenie treści testamentu ustnego
Creators: name: Kuźmicka - Sulikowska, Joanna
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2019

description: W artykule poruszone zostało istotne z punktu widzenia praktycznego zagadnienie dotyczące tego, w jaki sposób prawidłowo może dojść do stwierdzenia treści testamentu ustnego zgodnie z obowiązującymi przepisami kodeksu cywilnego, tak by testament ten był skuteczny i wywierał skutki prawne. W artykule przedstawiono także propozycje rozstrzygnięcia pojawiających się na gruncie tych przepisów wątpliwości interpretacyjnych, zwłaszcza gdy chodzi o kwestie związane z użytymi w nich pojęciami świadka i osoby trzeciej, dochowaniem wymogów formalnych niezbędnych dla sporządzenia pisma stwierdzającego treść testamentu ustnego oraz kwestią liczby świadków, od których przesłuchania może odstąpić sąd na podstawie art. 952 § 3 k.c., ustalając treść testamentu ustnego w drodze zgodnych zeznań jego świadków. Podjęto kwestię określenia wzajemnego stosunku dwóch alternatywnych sposobów stwierdzania treści testamentu ustnego, przewidzianych w art. 952 § 2 i § 3 k.c., w tym z uwzględnieniem kwestii biegu terminów zastrzeżonych dla każdego z tych sposobów stwierdzenia treści testamentu ustnego.
Mrs. Elizabeth R. Tilton
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1870
Subjects: East Hampton
Photographs
Cabinet photographs
Portrait photographs
Portraits

description: This image shows a profile view of Mrs. Elizabeth R. Tilton. This photograph is part of a collection of photographs found in the ceiling of 140A Main Street, now 138, in East Hampton in 1970. This collection was donated by Joan Osborne in April 1995.
Dependence of CMI Growth Rates on Electron Velocity Distributions and Perturbation by Solitary Waves
Creators: name: Mutel, R. L.
name: Peterson, W. M.
name: Jaeger, T. R.
name: Scudder, J. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate growth rates and corresponding gains for RX and LO mode radiation associated with the cyclotron maser instability for parameterized horseshoe electron velocity distributions. The velocity distribution function was modeled to closely fit the electron distribution functions observed in the auroral cavity. We systematically varied the model parameters as well as the propagation direction to study the dependence of growth rates on model parameters. The growth rate depends strongly on loss cone opening angle, which must be less than $90^{o}$ for significant CMI growth. The growth rate is sharply peaked for perpendicular radiation ($k_{\parallel} = 0$), with a full-width at half-maximum $1.7^{o}$, in good agreement with observed k-vector orientations and numerical simulations. The fractional bandwidth varied between 10$^{-4}$ and 10$^{-2}$, depending most strongly on propagation direction. This range encompasses nearly all observed fractional AKR burst bandwidths. We find excellent agreement between the computed RX mode emergent intensities and observed AKR intensities assuming convective growth length $L_c\approx$20-40 km and group speed 0.15$c$. The only computed LO mode growth rates compatible observed LO mode radiation levels occurred for number densities more than 100 times the average energetic electron densities measured in auroral cavities. This implies that LO mode radiation is not produced directly by the CMI mechanism but more likely results from mode conversion of RX mode radiation. We find that perturbation of the model velocity distribution by large ion solitary waves (ion holes) can enhance the growth rate by a factor of 2-4. This will result in a gain enhancement more than 40 dB depending on the convective growth length within the structure. Similar enhancements may be caused by EMIC waves.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. J. Geophys. Res. 2007 (accepted)
Hydrodynamics of gas spouting at high temperature
Creators: name: Wu, Stanley W. M.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The spouted bed technique was developed for handling solids which were too coarse to fluidize well. In its early stages, it was primarily used for drying wheat. It was later found that spouting has potential application in high temperature operations such as coal combustion and gasification. However, literature review will show that there are very few reports on the hydrodynamics of spouted beds at high temperature and/or pressure. Most existing correlations or expressions are based upon experiments done at room conditions; they have not been tested with data from higher temperatures. The goal of this study was to obtain experimental data at high temperatures, to examine the validity of existing equations and to modify the latter where appropriate. Spouting of sand particles (Ottawa sand) with preheated air, ranging from 20 to 420 °C, was conducted in a 156 mm stainless steel half-column, equipped with a glass panel. The transparent surface allowed one to measure spout diameter, fountain height, annulus height and other important parameters which otherwise are difficult to obtain in a full stainless steel column. In addition to air, helium and methane, at room conditions, were also used as spouting gases. With these two gases, it became possible to investigate the effect of changing gas density at constant gas viscosity and the effect of changing gas viscosity at constant gas density. The main experimental measurements were of minimum spouting velocities, spout diameters, maximum spoutable heights and bed pressure drops. For selected runs, additional measurements, such as of flow regime maps, particle circulation rates, radial and longitudinal pressure profiles, fountain heights and annular fluid velocities, were also obtained. In general, it was found that the range of stable spouting decreased with decreasing gas density and increasing gas viscosity, hence with increasing air temperature. Some of the existing equations were found to be inadequate. The Mathur and Gishler (1955) equation was unsatisfactory when tested against the experimental values of Ums. The expression of Epstein and Levine (1978) gave good prediction of the overall bed pressure drop for room conditions but overestimated the effect of temperature. The McNab (1972) equation for estimating spout diameter worked reasonably well for air spouting at room temperature but it underpredicted at higher temperatures. These equations were empirically modified to fit the new data obtained.
Magnons and BFKL
Creators: name: Gomez, Cesar
name: Gunnesson, Johan
name: Hernandez, Rafael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extract from the double logarithmic contributions to DGLAP anomalous dimensions for twist-two operators up to three-loops the magnon dispersion relation for planar N=4 supersymmetric Yang-Mills. Perturbatively the magnon dispersion relation agrees with the expansion of the anomalous dimension for spin-one as well as with the non-collinear double logarithmic contributions to the BFKL anomalous dimensions analytically extended to negative spin. The all-loop expression for the magnon dispersion relation is determined by the double logarithmic resummation of the corresponding Bethe-Salpeter equation. A potential map relating the spin chain magnon to BFKL eigenfunctions in the double logarithm approximation is suggested.
description: 21 pages. Latex. v2: Reference added and minor changes
Mao Zedong's Cultural Testament and Cultural Standards of Populist Movements
Creators: name: Zexin(曹泽新), CAO
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 440811
subject: Political theory and political philosophy
classificationCode: 441005
subject: Social theory

description: 本文又名：《毛左大佬最反毛、最反动——张宏良等人文化立场的基本分析》本文主要根据张宏良等毛左大佬的言行及反映出来的文化立场，分析了毛左大佬反毛反动的基本文化性质，指出他们犬儒修正主义的本质。同时，文中指出，民众最难缠的敌人，从来不是外敌，而是包裹在民族主义招牌下的专制铁幕。民权运动要甄别出专制铁幕，就需要区分铁幕民族主义和民权民族主义。而区分这两个民族主义的文化标准，就是毛泽东晚年留下来的文化遗嘱。在“云中落绣鞋”点评中毛泽东留下的文化遗嘱，嘱咐我们要从铁幕精英手中夺回我们的劳动果实和社会所有权。这个遗嘱也成为了民权运动的文化标准，区分出谁是我们的朋友，谁又是我们的文化敌人。谁支持我们这些井下的百九九爬到井上，并为之疾呼，谁就是我们的文化朋友；谁对我们陷于井下的现实视而不见，忽悠我们继续待在井下，谁就是我们的文化敌人。这个文化标准，还揭示了中国实际上有一个上中国和一个下中国两个中国的基本现实。通过这个文化标准，民权运动可以迅速区分文化上的敌我关系，并在文化层面完成下中国民众的心理动员，为经济民权运动创造成熟的社会条件。
Horizons of Coalescing Black Holes on Eguchi-Hanson Space
Creators: name: Yoo, Chul-Moon
name: Ishihara, Hideki
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Matsuno, Ken
name: Tomizawa, Shinya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the numerical method, we study dynamics of coalescing black holes on the Eguchi-Hanson base space. Effects of a difference in spacetime topology on the black hole dynamics is discussed. We analyze appearance and disappearance process of marginal surfaces. In our calculation, the area of a coverall black hole horizon at the creation time in the coalescing black holes solutions on Eguchi-Hanson space is larger than that in the five-dimensional Kastor-Traschen solutions. This fact suggests that the black hole production on the Eguchi-Hanson space is easier than that on the flat space.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures CQG accepted version
Astrophysical supplements to the ASCC-2.5. Ia. Radial velocities of about 55000 stars and mean radial velocities of 516 Galactic open clusters and associations
Creators: name: Kharchenko, N. V.
name: Scholz, R. -D.
name: Piskunov, A. E.
name: Röser, S.
name: Schilbach, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the 2nd version of the Catalogue of Radial Velocities with Astrometric Data (CRVAD-2). This is the result of the cross-identification of stars from the All-Sky Compiled Catalogue of 2.5 Million Stars (ASCC-2.5) with the General Catalogue of Radial Velocities and with other recently published radial velocity lists and catalogues. The CRVAD-2 includes accurate J2000 equatorial coordinates, proper motions and trigonometric parallaxes in the Hipparcos system, $B, V$ photometry in the Johnson system, spectral types, radial velocities (RVs), multiplicity and variability flags for 54907 ASCC-2.5 stars. We have used the CRVAD-2 for a new determination of mean RVs of 363 open clusters and stellar associations considering their established members from proper motions and photometry in the ASCC-2.5. For 330 clusters and associations we compiled previously published mean RVs from the literature, critically reviewed and partly revised them. The resulting Catalogue of Radial Velocities of Open Clusters and Associations (CRVOCA) contains about 460 open clusters and about 60 stellar associations in the Solar neighbourhood. These numbers still represent less than 30% of the total number of about 1820 objects currently known in the Galaxy. The mean RVs of young clusters are generally better known than those of older ones.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in AN