cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Kripke completeness for intermediate logics
Creators: name: FIORENTINI, CAMILLO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2000

description: The thesis studies problems in model theory for nonclassical logics, more specifically, for intermediate propositional logics. This area was opened in the 1930s by the well-known works of G�del and Tarski and has now evolved into an interesting and complex mathematical field, with a strong trend to Computer Science applications. Kripke semantics has revealed a powerful instrument for studying their syntactic and computational properties and also for deeper understanding of constructivity. Fundamental results in Kripke semantics were proved in the last thirty years; many of them are collected in the recent book ``Modal logic'' by A. Chagrov and M. Zakharyaschev (1997). However several important problems in this field are still open, for example, little is known about completeness/incompleteness properties of intermediate logics; this is the main subject of the thesis. We consider several variants of completeness; in their increasing strength they are: hypercanonicity, extensive canonicity, canonicity, and strong completeness. We also introduce weaker versions of these properties, namely ?-hypercanonicity, extensive ?-canonicity, ?-strong completeness. This classification is shown to be nontrivial even within the well-known intermediate logics, such as logics axiomatized by one-variable formulas, logics of finite trees and some others. We develop new techniques, which have a general interest and can be applied when Kripke semantics is concerned. More in detail: - We prove some criteria to state canonicity, strong completeness, ?-canonicity, strong ?-completeness of intermediate logics. - We give some results about classifications of intermediate logics with respect to these notions. In particular, we prove the significant result that all intermediate logics axiomatized by formulas in one variable (Nishimura formulas), except eight of them, are not strongly ?-complete.
Raman Signatures of Strong Kitaev Exchange Correlations in (Na$_{1-x}$Li$_x$)$_2$IrO$_3$ : Experiments and Theory
Creators: name: Gupta, Satyendra Nath
name: Sriluckshmy, P. V.
name: Mehlawat, Kavita
name: Balodhi, Ashiwini
name: Mishra, Dileep K
name: Muthu, D. V. S.
name: Hassan, S. R.
name: Singh, Yogesh
name: Ramakrishnan, T. V.
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inelastic light scattering studies on single crystals of (Na$_{1-x}$Li$_x$)$_2$IrO$_3$ ($x = 0, 0.05$ and $0.15$) show a polarization independent broad band at $\sim $~2750 cm$^{-1}$ with a large band-width $\sim 1800$~cm$^{-1}$. For Na$_2$IrO$_3$ the broad band is seen for temperatures $ \leq 200$~K and persists inside the magnetically ordered state. For Li doped samples, the intensity of this mode increases, shifts to lower wave-numbers and persists to higher temperatures. Such a mode has recently been predicted (Knolle et.al.) as a signature of the Kitaev spin liquid. We assign the observation of the broad band to be a signature of strong Kitaev-exchange correlations. The fact that the broad band persists even inside the magnetically ordered state suggests that dynamically fluctuating moments survive even below $T_{N}$. This is further supported by our mean field calculations. The Raman response calculated in mean field theory shows that the broad band predicted for the spin liquid state survives in the magnetically ordered state near the zigzag-spin liquid phase boundary. A comparison with the theoretical model gives an estimate of the Kitaev exchange interaction parameter to be $J_K\approx 57$~meV.
description: 14pages 4 figures
A Complementary Resistive Switch-based Crossbar Array Adder
Creators: name: Siemon, A.
name: Menzel, S.
name: Waser, R.
name: Linn, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Redox-based resistive switching devices (ReRAM) are an emerging class of non-volatile storage elements suited for nanoscale memory applications. In terms of logic operations, ReRAM devices were suggested to be used as programmable interconnects, large-scale look-up tables or for sequential logic operations. However, without additional selector devices these approaches are not suited for use in large scale nanocrossbar memory arrays, which is the preferred architecture for ReRAM devices due to the minimum area consumption. To overcome this issue for the sequential logic approach, we recently introduced a novel concept, which is suited for passive crossbar arrays using complementary resistive switches (CRSs). CRS cells offer two high resistive storage states, and thus, parasitic sneak currents are efficiently avoided. However, until now the CRS-based logic-in-memory approach was only shown to be able to perform basic Boolean logic operations using a single CRS cell. In this paper, we introduce two multi-bit adder schemes using the CRS-based logic-in-memory approach. We proof the concepts by means of SPICE simulations using a dynamical memristive device model of a ReRAM cell. Finally, we show the advantages of our novel adder concept in terms of step count and number of devices in comparison to a recently published adder approach, which applies the conventional ReRAM-based sequential logic concept introduced by Borghetti et al.
description: 12 pages, accepted for IEEE Journal on Emerging and Selected Topics in Circuits and Systems (JETCAS), issue on Computing in Emerging Technologies
Gangliosides in regulation of ErB-2 and EGFR expression and activation
Creators: name: MILANI, SIMONA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2007

description: EGFR and ErbB2 are two type I transmembrane tyrosine-kinase receptors. They belong to the ErbB super-family whose members are engaged in extensive network of homo- and hetero-associations resulting in signal diversification and multiple cellular responses; the relative expression levels of the various receptors and the concentration of their respective ligands determine the composition of homo- and heterodimers. Our attention focused on the ligand orphan ErbB2 tyrosine-kinase that plays an important role in growth and differentiation of the mammary gland; moreover, its amplification and over-expression is found in many kind of tumours and represents a main feature for a pour prognosis of breast cancer. ErbB2 is the preferred heterodimerization partner of all the other ErbB proteins, included EGFR, and enhances ligand binding affinity and signalling power due to its potent latent kinase activity. To investigate the functional influence and molecular interactions between gangliosides, EGFR and ErbB2, we used the mouse mammary epithelial HC11 cell line, a suitable experimental model as it physiologically expresses ErbB2 in a manner dependent on the degree of cell confluence in culture and the stimulation with EGF. To point up even more clearly the association between EGFR, ErbB2 and gangliosides at the molecular level, the EGFR and ErbB2 expression and activation have been analysed in normal and ganglioside-depleted HC11 cells.
The Intrinsic Alignment of Galaxies and its Impact on Weak Gravitational Lensing in an Era of Precision Cosmology
Creators: name: Troxel, M. A.
name: Ishak, Mustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wealth of incoming and future cosmological observations will allow us to map out the structure and evolution of the observable universe to an unprecedented level of precision. Among these observations is the weak gravitational lensing of galaxies, e.g., cosmic shear that measures the minute distortions of background galaxy images by intervening cosmic structure. Weak lensing and cosmic shear promise to be a powerful probe of astrophysics and cosmology, constraining models of dark energy, measuring the evolution of structure in the universe, and testing theories of gravity on cosmic scales. However, the intrinsic alignment of galaxies -- their shape and orientation before being lensed -- may pose a great challenge to the use of weak gravitational lensing as an accurate cosmological probe, and has been identified as one of the primary physical systematic biases in cosmic shear studies. Correlations between this intrinsic alignment and the lensing signal can persist even for large physical separations, and isolating the effect of intrinsic alignment from weak lensing is not trivial. A great deal of work in the last two decades has been devoted to understanding and characterizing this intrinsic alignment, which is also a direct and complementary probe of structure formation and evolution in its own right. In this review, we report in a systematic way the state of our understanding of the intrinsic alignment of galaxies, with a particular emphasis on its large-scale impact on weak lensing measurements and methods for its isolation or mitigation. (Abridged)
description: 107 pages, 23 figures, matches version published in Physics Reports. Additions to discussion and new references included. Higher quality descriptive IA figures are available from the authors
NEIGHBORHOOD AND SCHOOL SEGREGATION IN ITALY
Creators: name: PIOLATTO, MATTEO
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2019

description: This dissertation aims at investigating school segregation in lower secondary school in Italy. 2014 INVALSI data are used in conjunction with information from 2011 ISTAT census. The composition of districts, schools and classes is investigated, as well determinants and effects. A focus is devoted to investigate movement of pupils between schools as a determinant of school segregation.
Exploring the benefit of auditory spatial continuity
Creators: name: Kopčo, Norbert
name: Best, Virginia
name: Ozmeral, Erol J.
name: Shinn-Cunningham, Barbara G.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Continuity of spatial location was recently shown to improve the ability to identify and recall a sequence of target digits presented in a mixture of confusable maskers [Best et al. (2008). Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 105, 13174–13178]. Three follow-up experiments were conducted to explore the basis of this improvement. The results suggest that the benefits of spatial continuity cannot be attributed to (a) the ability to plan where to direct attention in advance; (b) freedom from having to redirect attention across large distances; or (c) the challenge of filtering out signals that are confusable with the target.
title: Liebe auf Distanz am Beispiel der COVID-19-Pandemie
Creators: name: Baneva, Nikoleta
Year: 2022

description: Das neuartige Coronavirus stellt die Menschheit vor einer bis dato unbekannten Herausforderung der sozialen Distanzierung und beeinflusst jede Lebensfacette menschlichen Lebens. Darunter leiden vor allem zwischenmenschliche Beziehungen, indem die Pandemie vermehrt zu einem der Gründe geworden ist, warum Fernbeziehungen heutzutage geführt werden. Dennoch stellt man sich die Fragen, wie so eine Beziehung unter Corona-Bedingungen aufrechterhalten werden kann, welche positiven und negativen Auswirkungen die Nutzung sozialer Medien in so einer Beziehung haben kann und wo ihre Vor- und Nachteile liegen. Die vorliegende Arbeit setzt sich mit den Antworten auf diese Fragen auseinander. Ziel ist es zu bestimmen, welche Auswirkungen die Nutzung sozialer Medien auf die Kommunikation in Fernbeziehungen hat, die während der COVID-19-Pandemie geführt werden. Mit Hilfe einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse wurde versucht, die vorab definierten Forschungsfragen aufzuarbeiten und mögliche Schlussfolgerungen, Chancen und Schwierigkeiten aufzuzeigen. Anhand von sieben qualitativen Interviews konnte festgestellt werden, dass die Nutzung sozialer Netzwerke für junge Menschen im Alter zwischen 18-28 Jahren primär positive Auswirkungen für die Kommunikation während ihrer Fernbeziehungen hat und ihnen große Hilfe für die Aufrechterhaltung der Beziehungen geleistet hat. Bis auf einige Nachteile, die im Laufe der Interviewsauswertungen ermittelt werden konnten, erweisen sich die sozialen Medien von wesentlicher Bedeutung für die Kommunikation in einer Liebesbeziehung zu Zeiten der Pandemie. Die TeilnehmerInnen konnten allerdings auch Risiken erkennen, die soziale Medien für die Kommunikation mit sich bringen können, wenn mit der Nutzung übertrieben wird. Jedoch hat sich definitiv herauskristallisiert, dass die sozialen Netzwerke ein zweischneidiges Schwert sein können, weshalb damit vorsichtig umgegangen werden soll, wenn sie als Kommunikationsmittel in einer (Fern-)Beziehung zum Einsatz kommen. Die Relevanz der Arbeit zeichnet sich durch die bestehende Forschungslücke der Thematik am Beispiel der COVID-19-Pandemie aus und regt zu weiteren Untersuchungen in diesem Forschungsfeld an.
PLURALISM AS IT IS, PLURALISM AS IT SHOULD BE. A CASE FOR MODUS VIVENDI
Creators: name: VANINI, IRENE
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2017

description: Pluralism is an inescapable feature of contemporary liberal societies and it raises the demand for a normative strategy to face the disagreement it generates. Contemporary debates in normative political theory deal with pluralism by proposing a variety of solutions to prevent it from degenerating into unmanageable conflicts. The most prominent and dominant theoretical paradigm is John Rawls?s theory of political liberalism, that dissolves the dangerous potential of political disagreement by imposing a discipline of pluralism. This work is guided by the question: is there a way to govern the undesirable consequences of pluralism that does not imply a disciplining of pluralism itself? The goal is to find a solution to the problem of pluralism, a strategy for its management able to preserve its features without putting order, peace and stability at risk. Along with modus vivendi scholars and contrary to the Rawls outlook on modus vivendi, this work is committed to show that modus vivendi contains the potential to give an answer to the pluralism of beliefs and not just to the plurality of goals. Modus vivendi is here regarded as an independent political project, capable of providing an answer to pluralism whilst representing a valuable alternative to political liberalism. I commence my analysis challenging the Rawlsian paradigm of political liberalism, starting with an assessment of his version of pluralism, reasonable pluralism, and of what I call the ?tools? that political liberalism puts in place to contain the effects of reasonable pluralism and to attain a form of strong and enduring consensus. I then turn to the appraisal of modus vivendi solutions. I define the Rawlsian understanding of modus vivendi (which I called ?Rawlsian modus vivendi?, RMV) as the black mirror of political liberalism since it is entirely thought out to perform an ancillary role with respect to the purposes of it. The pars construens on this work is dedicated to the project of re-thinking modus vivendi along the dynamics of compromise, a model that I call ?compromise modus vivendi? (CMV). I argue that CMV should fall within the scope of non-ideal realist political theory and that it is normative as it demands that citizens have an attitude to compromise, specified by a list of requirements. I observe how the dynamics of CMV result in a specific form of consensus that does not require any selection of reasons and a specific form of stability (light stability) that mirrors such openness to plural reasons. I conclude that CMV has the virtue of being a desirable and practicable solution while respecting pluralism in its actual form.
Collective Charge Excitations of Strongly Correlated Electrons, Vertex Corrections and Gauge Invariance
Creators: name: Hafermann, Hartmut
name: van Loon, Erik G. C. P.
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
name: Lichtenstein, Alexander I.
name: Parcollet, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the collective, long-wavelength charge excitations in correlated media in presence of short- and long-range forces. As an example for the case of a short-range interaction, we examine the two-dimensional Hubbard model within dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). It is shown explicitly that the DMFT susceptibility including vertex corrections respects the Ward identity and yields a manifestly gauge-invariant response in finite dimensions. For computing the susceptibility, we use a different expression and establish its formal equivalence to the standard DMFT formula. It allows for a more stable analytical continuation. We find a zero-sound mode expected for short-range forces. The relation between the vertex corrections, gauge invariance, and the appearance of the collective modes is discussed. Long-range forces are treated within extended dynamical mean-field theory. In order to obtain a gauge-invariant response, it is necessary to additionally incorporate some non local vertex corrections into the polarization. In doing so, we obtain plasmons in the three-dimensional Hubbard model. The plasma frequency is determined by the (single-particle) density distribution as a consequence of gauge invariance. We compare this result with the plasma frequency extracted from the analytical continuation of the susceptibility. It is in good agreement with the prediction from the gauge-invariance condition.
description: Published version; 21 pages, 22 figures
Monaural temporal integration and temporally selective listening in children and adults
Creators: name: Hall, Joseph W.
name: He, Shuman
name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: This study used two paradigms to investigate the development of temporal integration and temporally selective listening. Experiment 1 measured detection as a function of duration for a pure tone at 1625 or 6500 Hz. At both frequencies thresholds of children younger than 7 years old were higher than those for older children and adults. The pattern of temporal integration was similar across groups for the 6500-Hz signal, but younger children showed relatively more temporal integration for the 1625-Hz signal due to high thresholds for the briefest 1625-Hz signal. Experiment 2 measured detection thresholds for one or for three brief tone pips presented in a noise masker. In one set of conditions, the noise masker consisted of 100-ms steady bursts interleaved with 10-ms temporal gaps. In other conditions, the level of the central 50 ms of the 100-ms masking noise bursts was adjusted by either +6 or −6 dB. Children showed higher thresholds but similar temporal integration compared with adults. Overall, these data suggest that children are less efficient than adults in weighting the output of the monaural temporal window at 1625 but not 6500 Hz. Children are efficient in combining energy from brief temporal epochs that are separated by noise.
Shear viscosity and imperfect fluidity in bosonic and fermionic superfluids
Creators: name: Boyack, Rufus
name: Guo, Hao
name: Levin, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we address the ratio of the shear viscosity to entropy density $η/s$ in bosonic and fermionic superfluids. A small $η/s$ is associated with nearly perfect fluidity, and more general measures of the fluidity perfection/imperfection are of wide interest to a number of communities. We use a Kubo approach to concretely address this ratio via low temperature transport associated with the quasi-particles. Our analysis for bosonic superfluids utilizes the framework of the one-loop Bogoliubov approximation, whereas for fermionic superfluids we apply BCS theory and its BCS-BEC extension. Interestingly, we find that the transport properties of strict BCS and Bogoliubov superfluids have very similar structures, albeit with different quasi-particle dispersion relations. While there is a dramatic contrast between the power law and exponential temperature dependence for $η$ alone, the ratio $η/s$ for both systems is more similar. Specifically we find the same linear dependence (on the ratio of temperature $T$ to inverse lifetime $γ(T)$) with $η/s \propto T/γ(T)$, corresponding to imperfect fluidity. By contrast, near the unitary limit of BCS-BEC superfluids a very different behavior results, which is more consistent with near-perfect fluidity.
description: v2: 8 pages, 3 figures
Quadratic covariation estimation of an irregularly observed semimartingale with jumps and noise
Creators: name: Koike, Yuta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a central limit theorem for a pre-averaged version of the realized covariance estimator for the quadratic covariation of a discretely observed semimartingale with noise. The semimartingale possibly has jumps, while the observation times show irregularity, non-synchronicity, and some dependence on the observed process. It is shown that the observation times' effect on the asymptotic distribution of the estimator is only through two characteristics: the observation frequency and the covariance structure of the noise. This is completely different from the case of the realized covariance in a pure semimartingale setting.
description: Published at http://dx.doi.org/10.3150/15-BEJ714 in the Bernoulli (http://isi.cbs.nl/bernoulli/) by the International Statistical Institute/Bernoulli Society (http://isi.cbs.nl/BS/bshome.htm)
An Isoperimetric Problem With Density and the Hardy Sobolev Inequality in $\mathbb{R}^2$
Creators: name: Csató, Gyula
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove, using elementary methods of complex analysis, the following generalization of the isoperimetric inequality: if $p\in\re$, $Ω\subset\re^2$ then the inequality $$ \left(\frac{|Ω|}π\right)^{\frac{p+1}{2}}\leq\frac{1}{2π}\int_{\delomega}|x|^pdσ(x) $$ holds true under appropriate assumptions on $Ω$ and $p.$ This solves an open problem arising in the context of isoperimetric problems with density and poses some new ones (for instance generalizations to $\re^n$). We prove the equivalence with a Hardy-Sobolev inequality, giving the best constant, and generalize thereby the equivalence between the classical isoperimetric inequality and the Sobolev inequality. Furthermore, the inequality paves the way for solving another problem: the generalization of the harmonic transplantation method of Flucher to the singular Moser-Trudinger embedding.
description: updated version; two small mistakes eliminated
Comparing different approaches for generating random numbers device-independently using a photon pair source
Creators: name: Vivoli, V. Caprara
name: Sekatski, P.
name: Bancal, J. -D.
name: Lim, C. C. W.
name: Martin, A.
name: Thew, R. T.
name: Zbinden, H.
name: Gisin, N.
name: Sangouard, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: What is the most efficient way to generate random numbers device-independently using a photon pair source based on spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC)? We consider this question by comparing two implementations of a detection-loophole-free Bell test. In particular, we study in detail a scenario where a heralded single photon source (HSPS) is used to herald path-entangled states, i.e. entanglement between two spatial modes sharing a single photon and where non-locality is revealed using photon counting preceded by small displacement operations. We start by giving a theoretical description of such a measurement. We then show how to optimize the Bell-CHSH violation through a non-perturbative calculation, taking the main experimental imperfections into account. We finally bound the amount of randomness that can be extracted and compare it to the one obtained with the conventional scenario using photon pairs entangled e.g. in polarization and analyzed through photon counting. While the former requires higher overall detection efficiencies, it is far more efficient in terms of both the entropy per experimental run and the rate of random bit generation.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Spectral profile cues in comodulation masking release
Creators: name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Previous work on spectral shape discrimination has shown that detection of a level increment in one tone of a tonal complex is dependent on spectral position, with thresholds forming a “bowl” pattern for components spanning 200 to 5000 Hz [Green, D. M., (1988). Profile Analysis: Auditory Intensity Discrimination (Oxford University Press, New York)]. The current study examined whether a similar bowl occurs for comodulation masking release, a paradigm in which dynamic spectral cues could be used to detect an added signal. Maskers were logarithmically spaced 15-Hz-wide bands of noise. The signal was a tone or a copy of the on-signal masker band. When the masker was composed of one or more random bands, thresholds were relatively consistent across frequency. When the masker was a set of comodulated bands, thresholds for both signal types formed a bowl, but the minimum threshold occurred at a higher signal frequency for the tonal than for the narrowband noise signal. Results for additional conditions indicate that spectral effects depend on both absolute frequency and relative frequency of the signal within the masker. Data collected with flanking maskers presented contralateral to the signal and on-signal masker indicate that peripheral effects may play a role in threshold elevation at high signal frequencies with narrowband noise signals.
The quotient map on the equivariant Grothendieck ring of varieties
Creators: name: Hartmann, Annabelle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For a scheme S with a good action of a finite abelian group G having enough roots of unity we show that the quotient map on the G-equivariant Grothendieck ring of varieties over S is well defined with image in the Grothendieck ring of varieties over S/G in the tame case, and in the modified Grothendieck ring in the wild case. To prove this we use a result on the class of the quotient of a vector space by a quasi-linear action in the Grothendieck ring of varieties due to Esnault and Viehweg, which we also generalize to the case of wild actions. As an application we deduce that the quotient of the motivic nearby fiber is a well defined invariant.
description: 28 pages; minor changes; to appear in Manuscripta Mathematica. The final publication is available at Springer via http://dx.doi.org/[10.1007/s00229-016-0842-2]
Refined Upper Bounds on Stopping Redundancy of Binary Linear Codes
Creators: name: Yakimenka, Yauhen
name: Skachek, Vitaly
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The $l$-th stopping redundancy $ρ_l(\mathcal C)$ of the binary $[n, k, d]$ code $\mathcal C$, $1 \le l \le d$, is defined as the minimum number of rows in the parity-check matrix of $\mathcal C$, such that the smallest stopping set is of size at least $l$. The stopping redundancy $ρ(\mathcal C)$ is defined as $ρ_d(\mathcal C)$. In this work, we improve on the probabilistic analysis of stopping redundancy, proposed by Han, Siegel and Vardy, which yields the best bounds known today. In our approach, we judiciously select the first few rows in the parity-check matrix, and then continue with the probabilistic method. By using similar techniques, we improve also on the best known bounds on $ρ_l(\mathcal C)$, for $1 \le l \le d$. Our approach is compared to the existing methods by numerical computations.
description: 5 pages; ITW 2015
The role of off-frequency masking in binaural hearing
Creators: name: Buss, Emily
name: Hall, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: The present studies examined the binaural masking level difference (MLD) for off-frequency masking. It has been shown previously that the MLD decreases steeply with increasing spectral separation between a pure tone signal and a 10-Hz wide band of masking noise. Data collected here show that this reduction in the off-frequency MLD as a function of signal∕masker separation is comparable at 250 and 2500 Hz, indicating that neither interaural phase cues nor frequency resolution are critical to this finding. The MLD decreases more gradually with spectral separation when the masker is a 250-Hz-wide band of noise, a result that implicates the rate of inherent amplitude modulation of the masker. Thresholds were also measured for a brief signal presented coincident with a local masker modulation minimum or maximum. Sensitivity was better in the minima for all NoSπ and off-frequency NoSo conditions, with little or no effect of signal position for on-frequency NoSo conditions. Taken together, the present results indicate that the steep reduction in the off-frequency MLD for a narrowband noise masker is due at least in part to envelope cues in the NoSo conditions. There was no evidence of a reduction in binaural cue quality for off-frequency masking.
Effects of non-simultaneous masking on the binaural masking level difference
Creators: name: Hall III, Joseph W.
name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: The present study sought to clarify the role of non-simultaneous masking in the binaural masking level difference for maskers that fluctuate in level. In the first experiment the signal was a brief 500-Hz tone, and the masker was a bandpass noise (100–2000 Hz), with the initial and final 200-ms bursts presented at 40-dB spectrum level and the inter-burst gap presented at 20-dB spectrum level. Temporal windows were fitted to thresholds measured for a range of gap durations and signal positions within the gap. In the second experiment, individual differences in out of phase (NoSπ) thresholds were compared for a brief signal in a gapped bandpass masker, a brief signal in a steady bandpass masker, and a long signal in a narrowband (50-Hz-wide) noise masker. The third experiment measured brief tone detection thresholds in forward, simultaneous, and backward masking conditions for a 50- and for a 1900-Hz-wide noise masker centered on the 500-Hz signal frequency. Results are consistent with comparable temporal resolution in the in phase (NoSo) and NoSπ conditions and no effect of temporal resolution on individual observers’ ability to utilize binaural cues in narrowband noise. The large masking release observed for a narrowband noise masker may be due to binaural masking release from non-simultaneous, informational masking.
A Test for the Zero Mean Hypothesis in Cosmology
Creators: name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One working hypothesis on which analyses of cosmological data are based is the zero ensemble mean hypothesis, which is related to the statistical homogeneity of cosmological perturbations. This hypothesis, however, should be tested by observational data in the current era of precision cosmology. Herein, we test the hypothesis by analyzing recent, foreground-reduced cosmic microwave background (CMB) maps, combining the spherical harmonic coefficients of the masked CMB temperature anisotropies in such a way that the combined variables can be treated as statistically independent samples. We find evidence against the zero mean hypothesis in two particular ranges of multipoles, with significance levels of $2.5 σ$ and $3.1 σ$ in the multipole ranges of $\ell \approx 61$-$86$ and $213$-$256$, respectively, for both the Planck and Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe maps. The latter signal is consistent with our previous result found by using brute-force Monte-Carlo simulations. However, within the method employed in this paper we conclude that the zero mean hypothesis is consistent with the current CMB data on the basis of Stouffer's weighted Z statistics, which takes multiple testing into account.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures, accepted version
Exploring the additivity of binaural and monaural masking release
Creators: name: Buss, Emily
name: Grose, John H.
name: Hall, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Experiment 1 examined comodulation masking release (CMR) for a 700-Hz tonal signal under conditions of NoSo (noise and signal interaurally in phase) and NoSπ (noise in phase, signal out of phase) stimulation. The baseline stimulus for CMR was either a single 24-Hz wide narrowband noise centered on the signal frequency [on-signal band (OSB)] or the OSB plus, a set of flanking noise bands having random envelopes. Masking noise was either gated or continuous. The CMR, defined with respect to either the OSB or the random noise baseline, was smaller for NoSπ than NoSo stimulation, particularly when the masker was continuous. Experiment 2 examined whether the same pattern of results would be obtained for a 2000-Hz signal frequency; the number of flanking bands was also manipulated (two versus eight). Results again showed smaller CMR for NoSπ than NoSo stimulation for both continuous and gated masking noise. The CMR was larger with eight than with two flanking bands, and this difference was greater for NoSo than NoSπ. The results of this study are compatible with serial mechanisms of binaural and monaural masking release, but they indicate that the combined masking release (binaural masking-level difference and CMR) falls short of being additive.
Noncommutative geometry inspired 3-dimensional charged black hole solution in an anti-de Sitter background space-time
Creators: name: Rahaman, Farook
name: Bhar, Piyali
name: Sharma, Ranjan
name: Tiwari, Rishi Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a 3D charged black hole solution in an anti desetter space inspired by noncommutative geometry.In this construction,the black hole exhibits two horizon which turn into a single horizon in the extreme case.We investigate the impacts of the electromagnetic field on the location of the event horizon,mass and thermodynamic properties such as Hawking temperature,entropy and heat capacity of the black hole.The geodesics of the charged black hole are also analyzed.
description: 11 pages,16 figures, Accepted in Eur. Phys. J. C (2015)
Microstructure-dependent oxidation-assisted dealloying of Cu0.7Al0.3 thin films
Creators: name: Su, Jiangbin
name: Jiang, Meiping
name: Wang, Honghong
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the oxidation-assisted dealloying (OAD) of Cu0.7Al0.3 films with different microstructures which were obtained by high vacuum annealing at different temperatures were studied using powder X-ray diffraction, field-emission scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray analysis. It was observed that different microstructures such as eutectic mixture or solid solution, the grain size of Cu or Al component in eutectic-mixture Cu0.7Al0.3 films affected the corrosion morphology greatly. It thus provided a practical route to fabricate flexible CuO porous nanostructure-films (PNFs) with controllable pore size, porosity, block size and shape. Further, the underlying OAD mechanisms for the structure-resultant different corrosion morphologies of Cu0.7Al0.3 films were also explored. In these senses, the study is suggestive and crucial to both the mechanism understanding of OAD process and the technical controlling of PNF fabrication.
description: 18 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
Masked detection and discrimination of tone sequences under conditions of monaural and binaural masking release
Creators: name: Buss, Emily
name: Grose, John H.
name: Hall, Joseph W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Experiment 1 examined detection and discrimination of monaural four-tone sequences composed of 400-, 500-, and 625-Hz sinusoids. In the baseline conditions, the masker was monaural composed of 25-Hz-wide bands of random noise centered on 320, 400, 500, 625, and 781 Hz. In the binaural masking release conditions, the noise was presented diotically. In the monaural masking release conditions, the noise was presented to the same ear as the signal, but it was comodulated. Tones had half-amplitude durations of 30, 60, or 150 ms. There was no delay between successive tones, so the rate of frequency change depended on tone duration. Listeners discriminated between sequences composed of 500–400–625–500 Hz and 500–625–400–500 Hz. Discrimination results were poor for rapid sequences in both monaural and binaural masking release conditions relative to baseline conditions. Results from experiment 2 indicated that poor discrimination for rapid sequences could also occur in the baseline conditions, provided that the frequency separation among tonal components was small. Sluggish processing in the present paradigm was not restricted to conditions relying on binaural cues. It is argued that sluggishness may reflect a long temporal window in monaural and binaural masking release conditions or an interaction between poor cue quality and task difficulty.
The Unruh effect interpreted as a quantum noise channel
Creators: name: Omkar, S.
name: Banerjee, Subhashish
name: Srikanth, R.
name: Alok, Ashutosh Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We make use of the tools of quantum information theory to shed light on the Unruh effect. A modal qubit appears as if subjected to quantum noise that degrades quantum information, as observed in the accelerated reference frame. The Unruh effect experienced by a mode of a free Dirac field, as seen by a relativistically accelerated observer, is treated as a noise channel, which we term the Unruh channel. We characterize this channel by providing its operator-sum representation, and study various facets of quantum correlations, such as, Bell inequality violations, entanglement, teleportation and measurement-induced decoherence under the effect. We compare and contrast this channel from conventional noise due to environmental decoherence. We show that the Unruh effect produces an amplitude-damping-like channel, associated with zero temperature, even though the Unruh effect is associated with a non-zero temperature. Asymptotically, the Bloch sphere subjected to the channel does not converge to a point, as would be expected by fluctuation-dissipation arguments, but contracts by a finite factor. We construct for the Unruh effect the inverse channel, a non-completely-positive map, that formally reverses the effect, and offer some physical interpretation.
description: Version similar to the one appearing in Quantum Information & Computation (QIC)
title: Der Zölibat des Weltpriesters in der röm. kath. Kirche
Creators: name: Gold, Andreas
Year: 2022

description: Die Diplomarbeit handelt vom Priesterzölibat in der katholischen Kirche. Sie setzt sich aus drei Teilen zusammen. Im ersten Teil wird die Zeit nach den Aposteln und der Kir-chenväter behandelt. Hierbei wurde in meist deutschen Übersetzungen zu patristischen Quellen geforscht, welche sich mit dem Thema der Klerikerenthaltsamkeit auseinan-dersetzten. Der zweite Hauptteil umfasst Enzykliken von Päpsten etwa ein Jahrhundert bis zur Jahr-tausendwende. Diese äußerten sich zum Zölibat ähnlich befürwortend wie die Väter der Patristik. Der dritte Teil befasste sich mit einer Spiritualität des Zölibates, welche aus der Tradi-tion schöpft und den Priester als väterliche Figur zeichnet. Es wurden bewusst Stimmen wiedergegeben, welche sich positiv zum Zölibat äußerten, sowohl aus Leitungssicht als auch aus der Seite der Spiritualität. Fr. Carter Griffin gab dazu spirituelle Impulse in einem aktuellen Werk, welches auf Englisch vorliegt. Weder die Päpste noch die Väter haben den Zölibat angezweifelt. Sie versuchten ihn vielmehr zu schützen und er war von Anfang an Bestandteil der Praxis der Kirche für die Kleriker Man kann ihn nicht als mittelalterliches Relikt betrachten. Der Priesterzölibat war von Anfang an in der Kirche praktiziert worden und von den Autoritäten als schützenswert behandelt.
description: The diploma thesis deals with priestly celibacy in the Catholic Church. It is made up of three parts. The first part deals with the time after the apostles and the church fathers. Research was carried out in mostly German translations on patristic sources that dealt with the topic of clerical abstinence. The second main part includes encyclicals from popes about a century to the turn of the millennium. They were just as supportive of celibacy as the fathers of patristicism. The third part dealt with a spirituality of celibacy, which draws from tradition and de-picts the priest as a fatherly figure. Voices were deliberately reproduced which expressed themselves positively about cel-ibacy, both from a leadership perspective and from the side of spirituality. Carter Grif-fin gave spiritual impulses in a current work, which is available in English. Neither the Popes nor the Fathers questioned celibacy. Rather, they tried to protect it and it was part of the Church's practice for the clergy from the very beginning. It cannot be con-sidered a medieval relic. The priestly celibate had been practiced in the church from the beginning and was treated as worthy of protection by the authorities.
Asynchronous glimpsing of speech: Spread of masking and task set-size
Creators: name: Ozmeral, Erol J.
name: Hall, Joseph W.
name: Buss, Emily
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Howard-Jones and Rosen [(1993). J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 93, 2915–2922] investigated the ability to integrate glimpses of speech that are separated in time and frequency using a “checkerboard” masker, with asynchronous amplitude modulation (AM) across frequency. Asynchronous glimpsing was demonstrated only for spectrally wide frequency bands. It is possible that the reduced evidence of spectro-temporal integration with narrower bands was due to spread of masking at the periphery. The present study tested this hypothesis with a dichotic condition, in which the even- and odd-numbered bands of the target speech and asynchronous AM masker were presented to opposite ears, minimizing the deleterious effects of masking spread. For closed-set consonant recognition, thresholds were 5.1–8.5 dB better for dichotic than for monotic asynchronous AM conditions. Results were similar for closed-set word recognition, but for open-set word recognition the benefit of dichotic presentation was more modest and level dependent, consistent with the effects of spread of masking being level dependent. There was greater evidence of asynchronous glimpsing in the open-set than closed-set tasks. Presenting stimuli dichotically supported asynchronous glimpsing with narrower frequency bands than previously shown, though the magnitude of glimpsing was reduced for narrower bandwidths even in some dichotic conditions.
Boundary Conditions for Free Interfaces with the Lattice Boltzmann Method
Creators: name: Bogner, Simon
name: Ammer, Regina
name: Rüde, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyze the boundary treatment of the lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for simulating 3D flows with free surfaces. The widely used free surface boundary condition of Körner et al. (2005) is shown to be first order accurate. The article presents a new free surface boundary scheme that is suitable for second order accurate simulations based on the LBM. The new method takes into account the free surface position and its orientation with respect to the computational lattice. Numerical experiments confirm the theoretical findings and illustrate the different behavior of the original method and the new method.
description: Preprint submitted to Elsevier
Frequency discrimination under conditions of comodulation masking release (L)
Creators: name: Hall, Joseph W.
name: Buss, Emily
name: Grose, John H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Masked detection thresholds can often be improved by introducing coherent masker amplitude modulation across frequency, a phenomenon referred to as comodulation masking release (CMR). While CMR can be large for detection, it is smaller for supra-threshold tasks, such as intensity discrimination. In this experiment, frequency discrimination for a 1000-Hz tone near threshold was found to be poorer in an amplitude-modulated than a steady bandpass noise. These results parallel previous findings for intensity discrimination. Although this study examined the relatively simple task of frequency discrimination, the results may have implications for more complex tasks, such as speech recognition in fluctuating noise.
Supersymmetry with a Heavy Lightest Supersymmetric Particle
Creators: name: Cheng, Taoli
name: Li, Jinmian
name: Li, Tianjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To escape the current LHC supersymmetry (SUSY) search constraints while preserve the naturalness condition, we propose the heavy Lightest Supersymmetric Particle (LSP) SUSY. According to the different dependence on the LSP mass, we systematically classify the discriminating variables into three categories. We find the strong dependence of all current SUSY searches on variables in the first category render the weak sensitivity for the heavy LSP SUSY. Especially, all the current LHC SUSY search constraints can be evaded if the LSP mass is around 600 GeV or higher. In the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM), we find that the heavy LSP SUSY does not induce more fine-tuning than Higgs boson mass. Moreover, the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be satisfied within 3-$σ$ level. We systematically study the viable parameter space for heavy LSP SUSY, and present four benchmark points which realize our proposal concretely. An improved collider search for those benchmark points, which mainly relies on the variable in the second category, is discussed in detail.
description: 29 pages, 6 figures, completely revised version