cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Ternary Quarter Wavelength Coatings for Gravitational Wave Detector Mirrors: Design Optimization via Exhaustive Search
Creators: name: Pierro, V.
name: Fiumara, V.
name: Chiadini, F.
name: Granata, V.
name: Di Giorgio, C.
name: Durante, O.
name: Neilson, J.
name: Fittipaldi, R.
name: Carapella, G.
name: Bobba, F.
name: Principe, M.
name: Pinto, I. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Multimaterial optical coatings are a promising viable option to meet the challenging requirements (in terms of transmittance, absorbance and thermal noise) of next generation gravitational wave detector mirrors. In this paper we focus on ternary coatings consisting of quarter-wavelength thick layers, where a third material (H') is added to the two presently in use, namely Silica (L) and Titania-doped Tantala (H), featuring higher dielectric contrast (against Silica), and lower thermal noise (compared to Titania-doped Tantala), but higher optical losses. We seek the optimal material sequences, featuring minimal thermal (Brownian) noise under prescribed transmittance and absorbance constraints, by exhaustive simulation over all possible configurations, for different values (in a meaningful range) of the optical density and extinction coefficient of the third material. In all cases studied, the optimal designs consist of a stack of (H'|L) doublets topped by a stack of (H|L) doublets, confirming previous heuristic assumptions, and the achievable coating noise power spectral density reduction factor is \sim 0.5. The robustness of the found optimal designs against layer thickness deposition errors and uncertainties and/or fluctuations in the optical losses of the third material is also investigated. Possible margins for further thermal noise reduction by layer thickness optimization, and strategies to implement it, are discussed.
description: (twocolum style) 13 pages, 8 figures, 4 table (updated version 5) Appearing on Physical Review Research
Dynamics of a linear oscillator connected to a small strongly non-linear hysteretic absorber
Creators: name: Laxalde, Denis
name: Thouverez, Fabrice
name: Sinou, Jean-Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present investigation deals with the dynamics of a two-degrees-of-freedom system which consists of a main linear oscillator and a strongly nonlinear absorber with small mass. The nonlinear oscillator has a softening hysteretic characteristic represented by a Bouc-Wen model. The periodic solutions of this system are studied and their calcu- lation is performed through an averaging procedure. The study of nonlinear modes and their stability shows, under specific conditions, the existence of localization which is responsible for a passive irreversible energy transfer from the linear oscillator to the nonlinear one. The dissipative effect of the nonlinearity appears to play an important role in the energy transfer phenomenon and some design criteria can be drawn regarding this parameter among others to optimize this energy transfer. The free transient response is investigated and it is shown that the energy transfer appears when the energy input is sufficient in accordance with the predictions from the nonlinear modes. Finally, the steady-state forced response of the system is investigated. When the input of energy is sufficient, the resonant response (close to nonlinear modes) experiences localization of the vibrations in the nonlinear absorber and jump phenomena.
Assessing the Attitudes and Understanding of Clinical Trial Participants in Thailand to Biobanking
Creators: name: Tharisara Sakulthaew
name: Kanchana Rungsihirunrat
name: Phaik Yeong Cheah
name: Sasithon Pukrittayakamee
name: Podjanee Jittamala
name: Borimas Hanboonkunupakarn
name: Turner, Gareth D.H.
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn University Press
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biobanking,Clinical trial participant,Qualitative research,Informed consent

description: 1, 30, Journal of Health Research
The Effect of Response Time on Survival among Non-Traumatic Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Patients in Thailand
Creators: name: Photipim, Mali
name: Wongsa Laohasiriwong
name: Bandit Thinkhamrop
name: Anuchar Sethasathien
name: Hurst, Cameron
Publisher: name: Chulalongkorn University Press
Year: 2016
Subjects: Out-of-hospital cardiac arrest,Emergency medical services,Advanced life support,Response time,Thailand

description: 1, 30, Journal of Health Research
An emulator for the Lyman-$α$ forest in beyond-$Λ$CDM cosmologies
Creators: name: Pedersen, Christian
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Rogers, Keir K.
name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Peiris, Hiranya V.
name: Pontzen, Andrew
name: Slosar, Anže
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interpreting observations of the Lyman-$α$ forest flux power spectrum requires interpolation between a small number of expensive simulations. We present a Gaussian process emulator modelling the 1D flux power spectrum as a function of the amplitude and slope of the small-scale linear matter power spectrum, and the state of the intergalactic medium at the epoch of interest ($2 < z < 4$). This parameterisation enables the prediction of the flux power spectrum in extended cosmological models that are not explicitly included in the training set, eliminating the need to construct bespoke emulators for a number of extensions to $Λ$CDM. Our emulator is appropriate for cosmologies in which the linear matter power spectrum is described to percent level accuracy by just an amplitude and slope across the epoch of interest, and in the regime probed by eBOSS/DESI data. We demonstrate this for massive neutrino cosmologies, where the emulator is able to predict the flux power spectrum in a $Σm_ν=0.3$ eV neutrino cosmology to sub-percent accuracy, without including massive neutrinos in the training simulations. Further parameters would be required to describe models with sharp features in the linear power, such as warm or light axion dark matter. This work will facilitate the combination of upcoming DESI data with observations of the cosmic microwave background, to obtain constraints on neutrino mass and other extensions to $Λ$CDM cosmology.
description: 26 pages, 11 figures. Minor changes to match version published in JCAP
Assembly Models for Papovaviridae based on Tiling Theory
Creators: name: Keef, T.
name: Taormina, A.
name: Twarock, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A vital constituent of a virus is its protein shell, called the viral capsid, that encapsulates and hence provides protection for the viral genome. Assembly models are developed for viral capsids built from protein building blocks that can assume different local bonding structures in the capsid. This situation occurs, for example, for viruses in the family of Papovaviridae, which are linked to cancer and are hence of particular interest for the health sector. More specifically, the viral capsids of the (pseudo-) T=7 particles in this family consist of pentamers that exhibit two different types of bonding structures. While this scenario cannot be described mathematically in terms of Caspar-Klug Theory (Caspar and Klug 1962), it can be modelled via tiling theory (Twarock 2004). The latter is used to encode the local bonding environment of the building blocks in a combinatorial structure, called the assembly tree, which is a basic ingredient in the derivation of assembly models for Papovaviridae along the lines of the equilibrium approach of Zlotnick (Zlotnick 1994). A phase space formalism is introduced to characterize the changes in the assembly pathways and intermediates triggered by the variations in the association energies characterizing the bonds between the building blocks in the capsid. Furthermore, the assembly pathways and concentrations of the statistically dominant assembly intermediates are determined. The example of Simian Virus 40 is discussed in detail.
Gravitational Waves from Density Perturbations in an Early Matter Domination Era
Creators: name: Dalianis, Ioannis
name: Kouvaris, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the gravitational wave background produced from density perturbations in an early matter domination era where primordial black holes form. The formation of black holes requires perturbations out of the linear regime. Space with such perturbations reach a maximum expansion before it collapses asymmetrically forming a Zel'dovich pancake which depending on the parameters can either lead to a black hole or a virialized halo. In both cases and due to the asymmetry of the collapsing matter, a quadrupole moment generates gravitational waves which leave an imprint in the form of a stochastic background that can be detectable by near future gravitational interferometers.
description: 19 pages, 5 figures. Full computation of the triple integral that gives the GW signal is performed
The Tully-Fisher relation of distant field galaxies
Creators: name: Bamford, S. P.
name: Aragon-Salamanca, A.
name: Milvang-Jensen, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the evolution of the Tully-Fisher relation (TFR) using a sample of 89 field spirals, with 0.1 < z < 1, for which we have measured confident rotation velocities (Vrot). By plotting the residuals from the local TFR versus redshift, or alternatively fitting the TFR to our data in several redshift bins, we find evidence that luminous spiral galaxies are increasingly offset from the local TFR with redshift, reaching a brightening of -1.0+-0.5 mag, for a given Vrot, by approximately z = 1. Since selection effects would generally increase the fraction of intrinsically-bright galaxies at higher redshifts, we argue that the observed evolution is probably an upper limit. Previous studies have used an observed correlation between the TFR residuals and Vrot to argue that low mass galaxies have evolved significantly more than those with higher mass. However, we demonstrate that such a correlation may exist purely due to an intrinsic coupling between the Vrot scatter and TFR residuals, acting in combination with the TFR scatter and restrictions on the magnitude range of the data, and therefore it does not necessarily indicate a physical difference in the evolution of galaxies with different Vrot. Finally, if we interpret the luminosity evolution derived from the TFR as due to the evolution of the star formation rate (SFR) in these luminous spiral galaxies, we find that SFR(z) is proportional to (1+z)^(1.7+-1.1), slower than commonly derived for the overall field galaxy population. This suggests that the rapid evolution in the SFR density of the universe observed since approximately z = 1 is not driven by the evolution of the SFR in individual bright spiral galaxies. (Abridged.)
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Kapitza-Dirac blockade: A universal tool for the deterministic preparation of non-Gaussian oscillator states
Creators: name: Huang, Wayne Cheng-Wei
name: Batelaan, Herman
name: Arndt, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Harmonic oscillators count among the most fundamental quantum systems with important applications in molecular physics, nanoparticle trapping, and quantum information processing. Their equidistant energy level spacing is often a desired feature, but at the same time a challenge if the goal is to deterministically populate specific eigenstates. Here, we show how interference in the transition amplitudes in a bichromatic laser field can suppress the sequential climbing of harmonic oscillator states (Kapitza-Dirac blockade) and achieve selective excitation of energy eigenstates, Schrödinger cats and other non-Gaussian states. This technique can transform the harmonic oscillator into a coherent two-level system or be used to build a large-momentum-transfer beam splitter for matter-waves. To illustrate the universality of the concept, we discuss feasible experiments that cover many orders of magnitude in mass, from single electrons over large molecules to dielectric nanoparticles.
Production and Distribution in the Australian Egg Industry
Creators: name: Owen, Wyn F.
name: Owen, Wyn F.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1946
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: During the War, considerable changes have taken place in the Australian Egg Industry, not only in the pattern of production and distribution, but also in organisation. The industry now faces the transition back to a peace-time footing, and it is well to have as clear a picture as possible of what is likely to be involved in this transition. In this article a review will be made of trends which have occurred on the production and distribution side. These should provide some indication of the problems likely to confront the industry in the future.
Einstellungen von Lehrkräften der Sekundarstufe gegenüber der Inklusion
Creators: name: Przibilla, Bodo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 170103 Educational Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education

description: Einstellungen von Lehrkräften werden sowohl durch personenbezogene Variablen als auch durch Kontextbedingungen beeinflusst. Die Studie vergleicht den Einfluss (1.) der Schulform (Haupt-, Real- Gesamtschule und Gymnasium) als Kontextbedingung und (2.) der personenbezogenen Variablen (Erfahrung mit Förderschülern und Ausbildungshintergrund) auf die Einstellungen von (inklusiv) arbeitenden LuL der Sekundarstufe. N = 761 Lehrpersonen wurden in einer querschnittlich angelegten Online-Befragungen mittels eines Erhebungsinstrumentes nach Przibilla, Lauterbach, Boshold, Linderkamp und Krezmien (2016) zur ihren Einstellungen befragt. Hierarchische multiple Regressionsanalysen zeigen, dass die Schulform neben dem primären Ausbildungshintergrund (Förder- vs. Regelschullehramt) sowie der Erfahrung in der Arbeit mit Förderschülerinnen und -schülern signifikant dazu beiträgt, Einstellungsunterschiede auf der Ebene der einbezogenen Subskalen zu erklären.
Opera-CNGS/Fréjus-SPL
Creators: name: Campagne, J. E.
name: Cazes, A.
name: Collaboration, the OPERA
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The poster presented the OPERA experiment and the SPL-Fréjus neutrino super beam project. OPERA (1) is an experiment willing to see tau neutrino appearance. The detector is described in section 2 and the expected results are given. Section 3 is devoted to the SPL neutrino super beam (2), which search for $θ\_{13}$. An optimisation of the SPL energy is proposed.
PEDAGOG KADRLARNING BOSHQARUV KOMPETENTLIGINI RIVOJLANTIRISH METODOLOGIYASI
Creators: name: Jalolova, F.M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur maqolada kompetensiya tushunchasining mazmun- mohiyati ochib berilgan. Ta’lim beruvchilarda kasbiy kompetentlikni pedagogik jihatdan rivojlantirish yo‘llari ko‘rsatilgan. Bo‘lajak o‘qituvchilar uchun egallanishi mumkin bo‘lgan boshqaruv kompetentlikning rivojlanish darajasini aniqlaydigan kompetensiyalar majmuasi yoritilgan.
Rural economic growth linkages and small scale poultry production: A survey of producers in KwaZulu-Natal
Creators: name: Wynne, Adrian T.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
name: Wynne, Adrian T.
name: Lyne, Michael C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: This study analyses survey data gathered from small and large poultry producers in the rural areas of KwaZulu-Natal, and highlights factors constraining the impact of commercial poultry production on the local economy. It was found that small-scale poultry production has the ability to initiate economic growth through the "export" of its products and to draw under-utilised resources such as labour into production. The impact of the subsequent multiplier effect is most likely strongest in the non-tradable, non-agricultural sector. Alleviating constraints for a large number of small enterprises is expected to impact more positively on the rural economy than if a few larger enterprises were encouraged to grow bigger. The descriptive results suggest that small producers face much higher transaction costs than larger producers. Government policies should focus on absorbing some of these transaction costs to nurture economic growth in the rural areas of KwaZulu-Natal, i.e. by improving education, physical infrastructure and technology transfer through extension. Other important interventions include the provision of mentoring and training services for new managers including institution, legal and financial management instruction.
Effects of predation on the population dynamics of lemmings and on loss of goose nests
Creators: name: Wilson, Deborah Jane
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Collared lemmings (Dicrostonyx groenlandicus) fluctuate periodically in abundance on the Kent Peninsula, Northwest Territories, Canada. I tested whether predation was necessary to (1) limit the lemming population during a peak and decline summer (1996 and 1997), and (2) cause the population decline. The nesting success of geese also fluctuates at this location. I tested whether the relative number of goose nests lost could be predicted from functional and numerical responses of nest predators to lemming density. I reduced predation on lemmings with a fence and an overhead mesh of monofilament line over 11 ha, completed during the lemming increase (summer 1995). I used mark-recapture and radio-telemetry to investigate demography in this "Exclosure" and three Control areas, and estimated winter predation from droppings and abundance of predators. Density increased in Exclosure relative to Controls in both summers. Survival was significantly higher within Exclosure during the lemming decline only. Neither proportions of reproductive animals nor net movements differed significantly between treatments. I conclude that predation was a necessary limiting factor in the peak and decline summers, but that the magnitude of limitation was greater in the decline. Density declined over winter on all sites. The next summer (1997), the decline accelerated on controls but was reversed within Exclosure. Summer survival was lower in the decline than in the peak. Lemmings stopped reproducing early in the peak summer. If there was no winter breeding, winter survival was high. The contribution of predation to the winter decline depends on the extent to which mortality factors were compensatory. I conclude that predation may not have been necessary to cause the decline; instead the decline was initiated by cessation of reproduction. However, predation accelerated and extended the decline the next summer. From observed responses of nest predators to lemming density, I predicted that the number of goose nests depredated should be lowest during lemming peaks. This was not true in past lemming cycles in this region (1989 - 1994). I conclude that nest loss cannot be predicted from the phase of the lemming cycle alone, and make testable predictions of how other factors should affect nest loss.
An Exact Equilibrium Model of an Unbound Stellar System in a Tidal Field
Creators: name: Fellhauer, M.
name: Heggie, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Star clusters and dwarf galaxies gradually dissolve as they move in the potential of their host galaxy. Once their density falls below a certain critical density (which is comparable with the background density of the galaxy) it is often assumed that their evolution is completed. In fact the remnant of such a system forms a distribution of stars which are unbound to each other and which move on similar orbits in their host potential. With this motivation we study the evolution of an idealised unbound system and follow its expansion and dissolution in the tidal field of a model galaxy. Initially the stars are uniformly distributed (with a density below the critical density) within an ellipsoidal volume. The system itself travels on a circular orbit within a galaxy modelled as an isothermal sphere. The initial velocities of the stars are chosen by assuming that they move on (three-dimensional) epicycles with guiding centre at the centre of the ellipsoid, though the usual epicyclic theory is altered to account for the self-gravity of the system. This is believed to be the first exact equilibrium model of a stellar system in a tidal field. Our main task is to study the stability of such configurations and the time-scale of their dissolution, as a function of the initial density and size of the ellipsoid. If the time of dissolution is measured by an increase of the half-mass radius of 50 %, we find that systems of low density (about 1 % of the background density) and small radius (50 pc on an orbit of radius 10 kpc) can survive for about 20 galactic orbits. For small systems we show that the lifetime is approximately proportional to the inverse square root of the density.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, accepted by A&A
Ideological differences in engagement in public debate on Twitter
Creators: name: Gaisbauer, Felix
name: Pournaki, Armin
name: Banisch, Sven
name: Olbrich, Eckehard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article analyses public debate on Twitter via network representations of retweets and replies. We argue that tweets observable on Twitter have both a direct and mediated effect on the perception of public opinion. Through the interplay of the two networks, it is possible to identify potentially misleading representations of public opinion on the platform. The method is employed to observe public debate about two events: The Saxon state elections and violent riots in the city of Leipzig in 2019. We show that in both cases, (i) different opinion groups exhibit different propensities to get involved in debate, and therefore have unequal impact on public opinion. Users retweeting far-right parties and politicians are significantly more active, hence their positions are disproportionately visible. (ii) Said users act significantly more confrontational in the sense that they reply mostly to users from different groups, while the contrary is not the case.
description: 5 figures, 4 tables
The location of the broad HI absorption in 3C305: clear evidence for a jet-accelerated neutral outflow
Creators: name: Morganti, R.
name: Oosterloo, T. A.
name: Tadhunter, C. N.
name: van Moorsel, G.
name: Emonts, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-spatial resolution 21-cm HI VLA observations of the radio galaxy 3C305 (z=0.041). These new high-resolution data show that the ~1000 km/s broad HI absorption, earlier detected in low-resolution WSRT observations, is occurring against the bright, eastern radio lobe, about 1.6 kpc from the nucleus. We use new optical spectra taken with the WHT to make a detailed comparison of the kinematics of the neutral hydrogen with that of the ionised gas. The striking similarity between the complex kinematics of the two gas phases suggests that both the ionised gas and the neutral gas are part of the same outflow. Earlier studies of the ionised gas had already found evidence for a strong interaction between the radio jet and the interstellar medium at the location of the eastern radio lobe. Our results show that the fast outflow produced by this interaction also contains a component of neutral atomic hydrogen. The most likely interpretation is that the radio jet ionises the ISM and accelerates it to the high outflow velocities observed. Our observations demonstrate that, following this strong jet-cloud interaction, not all gas clouds are destroyed and that part of the gas can cool and become neutral. The mass outflow rate measured in 3C~305 is comparable, although at the lower end of the distribution, to that found in Ultra-Luminous IR galaxies. This suggests that AGN-driven outflows, and in particular jet-driven outflows, can have a similar impact on the evolution of a galaxy as starburst-driven superwinds.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 7 pages, 4 figures
Stegoceras validus Lambe 1902
Creators: name: Sahni, Ashok
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1972
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Reptilia
Dinosauria
Ceratopsidae
Stegoceras
Stegoceras validus

description: ? Stegoceras validus Lambe, 1902
Figure 9N, 0
A number of teeth recovered from the Judith River Formation closely resemble those of Stegoceras validus, an ornithopod not previously reported from the Judith River Formation, but quite frequent in the Oldman Formation of Alberta.
Specimen AMNH 8530, from Clambank Hollow, is representative of the group. The tooth is small with a crown height of 5.2 mm., a length of 4.8 mm., and a transverse width 3.6 mm. (fig. 9N, 0). The crown is conical with a pointed apex showing a horizontal wear surface. Denticles are large compressed cones, better separated on the labial than on the lingual side. Valleys between the denticles extend as flutings to the base of the crown. The base is swollen on the internal face, thereby considerably increasing the basal width of the crown. The crown is markedly constricted at its junction with the cylindrical root.
These teeth are distinctly different from those of Troodon. Gilmore (1924) put the genus Stegoceras in synonymy with Troodon and this was followed by Brown and Schlaikjer (1943). Sternberg (1945), on the basis of his comparative study of the teeth of T. formosus and Stegoceras, maintained that the genera were distinct. Later, Russell (1948), in his description of the dentary of Troodon, also supported the separation of the ornithopod Stegoceras from the theropod Troodon.
description: Published as part of Sahni, Ashok, 1972, The vertebrate Fauna of the Judith River formation, Montana, pp. 319-416 in Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 147 (6) on page 361, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3382461
Future Internet as a Driver for Virtualization, Connectivity and Intelligence of Agri‐Food Supply Chain Networks
Creators: name: Verdouw, Cor N.
name: Vucic, Nikola
name: Sundmaeker, Harald
name: Beulens, Adrie
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2014
Subjects: supply chain management; logistics networks; food and agribusiness; information systems; future internet

description: The food and agribusiness is an important sector in European logistics with a share in the EU road transport of about 20%. One of the main logistic challenges in this sector is to deal with the high dynamics and uncertainty in supply and demand. This paper discusses the opportunities of Future Internet (FI) technologies to addresses the specific demands on information systems for logistics in the food and agribusiness domain. More specifically, it presents a Future Internet (FI) based design for smart agri‐food logistic information systems. This design aims to enable new types of efficient and responsive logistics networks with flexible chain‐encompassing tracking and tracing systems and decision support based on that information. These systems effectively virtualise the logistics flows from farm to fork, support a timely and error‐free exchange of logistics information and provide functionality for intelligent analysis and reporting of exchanged data to enable early warning and advanced forecasting.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 4 (2013): Special issue: Transparency and the Future Internet
Demand for energy among households in Ijebu Division, Ogun State, Nigeria
Creators: name: Shittu, A.M.
name: Idowu, A.O.
name: Otunaiya, A.O.
name: Ismail, A.K.
name: Shittu, A.M.
name: Idowu, A.O.
name: Otunaiya, A.O.
name: Ismail, A.K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: This study examines the influence of households socio-economic characteristics on household demand for electricity, petrol, diesel, kerosene, firewood, domestic gas, and transport in commercial vehicles. Primary data obtained in a cross-section survey of 90 households selected across six communities in Ijebu-Division of Ogun State, Nigeria was used in estimating a system of energy demand equations and elasticities. The study reveals that an average household in the sample had about five members, headed by a 52 year old male that had about nine years of formal education. The mean monthly household consumption expenditure was N 15,458.63, of which about 25% was expended on the seven commodities. While the influence of education and household size on household energy use were insignificant; income (budget size), household ownership of electrical/electronic appliances and automobiles, as well as age of household heads exercised significant influence on the relative shares of some/all of the seven energy commodities in household budgets in the study area. The income effects were positive for all the energy commodities, except firewood. Demand for petrol, diesel and domestic gas were income elastic. Thus, the study concludes that improvement in income would cause increase in demand for electricity and petroleum products in the study area, but worsening real income would place greater demand on biomass fuel.
Realising Future Internet Potentials for Food Chain SMEs: A Hierarchy of Needs
Creators: name: Sundmaeker, Harald
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2014
Subjects: food chain SMEs; information systems; future internet; business collaboration; ICT introduction

description: The EC funded FI‐PPP programme is currently elaborating a large set of enabling technologies that shall help to overcome challenges towards a sustainable networked society of tomorrow. This up‐front investment can highly facilitate access to such Internet potentials by food chain SMEs. Nevertheless, SMEs require a systematic support for being able to decide on which technological enablers are relevant at which moment of their business evolution. To characterise a decision reference, a hierarchy of needs of food chain SMEs is presented that can serve as
baseline when aiming at the usage of the FI‐PPP results in an SME environment.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 4 (2013): Special issue: Transparency and the Future Internet
The second law, Maxwell's daemon and work derivable from quantum heat engines
Creators: name: Kieu, Tien D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a class of quantum heat engines which consists of two-energy-eigenstate systems undergoing, respectively, quantum adiabatic processes and energy exchanges with heat baths at different stages of a cycle, we are able to clarify some important aspects of the second law of thermodynamics. The quantum heat engines also offer a practical way, as an alternative to Szilard's engine, to physically realise Maxwell's daemon. While respecting the second law on the average, they are also capable of extracting more work from the heat baths than is otherwise possible in thermal equilibrium.
Prevalence of back and neck pain in Germany. Results from the BURDEN 2020 Burden of Disease Study
Creators: name: Von Der Lippe, Elena
name: Krause, Laura
name: Porst, Michael
name: Wengler, Annelene
name: Leddin, Janko
name: Müller, Anja
name: Zeisler, Marie-Luise
name: Anton, Aline
name: Rommel, Alexander
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Back Pain
subject: Neck Pain
subject: Burden of Disease
subject: Comorbidities
subject: Adults
subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Back and neck pain are widespread and can significantly reduce quality of life. A cross-sectional telephone survey (N=5,009) was carried out between October 2019 and March 2020 to gain a valid estimate of the prevalence of back and neck pain among adults in Germany. In addition to the frequency and intensity of back and neck pain, the study collected information about quality of life and comorbidity. The findings showed that 61.3% of respondents reported back pain in the last twelve months. Lower back pain was reported about twice as often as upper back pain, with 15.5% of respondents stating that they experienced chronic back pain. 45.7% reported neck pain, and 15.6% of respondents have experienced lower and upper back pain in addition to neck pain in the past year. Women are affected by all types of pain more often than men. About half of the respondents categorise their back or neck pain as moderate; older respondents report significantly more pain episodes per month than younger respondents. The results described here provide a comprehensive picture of the population-related limitations associated with back and neck pain and are used within the framework of the BURDEN 2020 study to quantify key indicators of burden of disease calculation.
The impact of crop rotation on profitability and production risk in the Eastern and North Western Free State
Creators: name: Nel, A.A.
name: Loubser, H.L.
name: Nel, A.A.
name: Loubser, H.L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Diversification is a generally accepted measure against production risk. Crop rotation as a unit of diversification can reduce risk even further. Net returns and risk, defined as the cumulative sum of shortfalls below a disaster target level of net return, were estimated for two long term crop rotation trials. One was conducted in the eastern Free State where maize and wheat in monoculture were compared with rotations involving fallow, drybean, soybean and sunflower crops. In the second trial located in the north western Free State monocropped maize was compared with rotations involving groundnut, soyabean and sunflower crops. Crop rotation and the associated diversification produced results varying from increased to reduced net returns and increased risk to dramatically reduced risk depending on crops involved and the net return level accepted as a disaster threshold. Compared to monoculture, groundnut improved net returns without affecting risk. Drybean and soybean improved net returns and reduced risk while sunflower was the most effective in reducing risk with little effect on the net return. Risk reduction in the eastern Free State was mainly due to rotational benefits such as improved yields. In the north western Free State, however, risk reduction was mainly due to the inclusion of crops with relatively low risk.
Transparency in Food Networks ‐ Where to Go
Creators: name: Schiefer, Gerhard
name: Reiche, Robert
name: Deiters, Jivka
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2014
Subjects: Transparency; food networks; information technology; Future Internet

description: One of the core requests in assuring competitiveness and sustainability in the food value chain is transparency. Food is a basic human need and as such of paramount interest to consumers. They expect retail to provide guarantees assuring that food is safe to eat and of the quality they request. Increasingly,
interests of consumers reach beyond these basic needs but involve environmental or ethical aspects related to the production and distribution of food. The provision of the guarantees is communicated to consumers through claims that are expressed in messages (‘food is safe’), signals (‘food miles’), labels of various kind, or just clusters of information items (as e.g. ‘origin’). Appropriate communication provides transparency to consumers and allowed them to ‘make informed decisions’ that fit their needs.
The complexity of the sector, the absence of focal players in the field, the complexity in the collection, processing and communication of information, and limitations in information and network technology have made it difficult to find concepts and solutions that could solve the transparency problem at consumers’ end. This is where the Future Internet provides opportunities that allowed to meet the challenge and to appropriately address the transparency problem.
This paper introduces into the subject through a detailed outline of the transparency complexity of the food sector and the requirements on concepts and systems that could deal with it. This is followed by a presentation and discussion of a suitable concept, building on network elements of the Future Internet.
The concept is based on a range of generic functionalities and system components that provide stability but also assure that the concept could easily be adapted to a broad range of sector scenarios in different product lines and food value chain organizations.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 4, No 4 (2013): Special issue: Transparency and the Future Internet
Symmetries of the 2HDM: an invariant formulation and consequences
Creators: name: Ferreira, P. M.
name: Grzadkowski, B.
name: Ogreid, O. M.
name: Osland, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Symmetries of the Two-Higgs-Doublet Model (2HDM) potential that can be extended to the whole Lagrangian, i.e. the CP-symmetries CP1, CP2, CP3 and the Higgs-family symmetries Z2, U(1) and SO(3) are discussed. Sufficient and necessary conditions in terms of constraints on masses and physical couplings for the potential to respect each of these symmetries are found. Each symmetry can be realized through several alternative cases, each case being a set of relations among physical parameters. We will show that some of those relations are invariant under the renormalization group, but others are not. The cases corresponding to each symmetry group are illustrated by analyzing the interplay between the potential and the vacuum expectation values.
description: 58 pages, 7 figures. JHEP version. References added, clarifications and minor changes made
Argentine Beef Demand and Household Choices of Retail Channels
Creators: name: Rossini, Gustavo
name: Arancibia, Rodrigo García
name: Guiguet, Edith Depetris
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2014
Subjects: Beef; Household Consumption; Multinomial Logit; Argentina

description: Household choices of outlet retail channels in beef purchases depend on several characteristics related to the quality of the product, convenience and ease of purchase, and economic factors such as price, income and payment methods. The aim of this paper is to study the influence of demographic and socio-economic attributes in the choice made by argentine consumers using a Multinominal Logit Model. The results show that the total number of purchases, the type of household, payment methods, and gender and schooling years of household head are the most relevant variables in the sample.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 5, No 1 (2014)
Grammatical Sketch of Haitian Sign Language (LSH)
Creators: name: Hochgesang, Julie
name: McAuliff, Kate
name: Becker, Amelia
name: Cadet, Jonas
name: Michelet Destine
name: Exilant, Elizabeth
name: Gamalene Fleristie
name: Manoucheka Jerome
name: Kish, Megan
name: Naphtanaël Marius
name: Jean-Maye Pluvoise
name: Milord Pluvoise
name: Dieffe Solimon
name: Steyer, Elizabeth
name: Suffrard, Sandy
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature
subject: 200405 Language in Culture and Society (Sociolinguistics)

description: Deaf people in Haiti have stated that they use a distinct language, namely Haitian Sign Language (LSH). It has yet to be documented or described. This sketch is the first attempt at such a description based on a research collaboration between Deaf Haitians and American signed language linguists. In this sketch, we describe the language community and its language.
 Translated by Mike DeMeo (French), Sabina Carlson Robillard (Haitian Creole), and Ines Gonzalez (Spanish)
 Also available in LSH (provided by Deaf Haitian team) and posted on YouTube (https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCmKwD5McaVT_xh7F0-w_kaA/feed)
 LSHDoP efforts were made possible by the financial and logistical support of the Organization of American States (OAS); the Government of Haiti, specifically the office of Gerald Oriol Jr., the Secretary of State for the Integration of Persons with Disabilities; and Gallaudet University.
See also: Hochgesang, J. A., & Mcauliff, K. (2016). An Initial Description of the Deaf Community in Haiti and Haitian Sign Language (LSH). Sign Language Studies, 16(2), 227–294. https://doi.org/10.1353/sls.2016.0003
Agricultural competitiveness and supply chain integration: South Africa, Argentina and Australia
Creators: name: Mosoma, K.
name: Mosoma, K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The international competitiveness of South African agricultural exports relative to those of Argentina and Australia is considered. Competitiveness was measured in terms of the Relative Comparative Advantage (RTA) using data from FAOSTAT 2002, while trade perspectives were examined using data from the World Trade Organisation and the Trade and Industrial Policy Strategies (TIPS) databases. The results of the RTA show that South Africa's agricultural food chains are marginally competitive internationally, whereas Argentina and Australia's agricultural food chains are internationally competitive. The analysis also shows that South Africa has managed to move up the value chain relative to Argentina and Australia. Nevertheless, competitiveness decreases in all three countries when moving from primary to processed products in the chains, which implies that value-adding opportunities are limited. Based on their competitive status, there is a potential in certain agro-food chains for supply chain integration and co-operation. Strategic alliances are important instruments for competitiveness. They create flexibility in operations, enhance technology transfer and networking and exploit possible complementary and supplementary relations between industries and organisations.
Using social media to build your research profile
Creators: name: Hardy, Maggie
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2016

description: Science communication is a subject everyone has an opinion on, but few have concrete guidelines on how to use your social media presence to advance your research career. Senior Postdoctoral Research Fellow Dr Maggie Hardy (UQ Institute for Molecular Bioscience) is an early-career, research-focused academic with three children under the age of three, and was named one of The University of Queensland’s Top Tweeters in 2015. She’ll provide an overview of using Twitter to help build a professional network that can support your career throughout periods of extended leave (for example, maternity leave), and how to use the metrics you get from social media on grant and other funding applications. You can connect with Maggie on Twitter (@DrMaggieHardy).
Integrating community-based animal health workers into the formal veterinary service delivery system in Kenya
Creators: name: Mugunieri, Godiah Lawrence
name: Omiti, John M.
name: Irungu, Patrick
name: Mugunieri, Godiah Lawrence
name: Omiti, John M.
name: Irungu, Patrick
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2004
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: The community-based animal health workers (CBAHWs) model has been one of the ways utilised in delivery of animal health services following the veterinary service reforms. Government statutory bodies have opposed the establishment of these programs arguing that their approach to animal health delivery does not fit within the existing technical, legal and policy framework. This study gives an account of the nature, characteristics, and activities of CBAHWs and provides information that would guide policy debate regarding their integration into formal health service delivery. It indicates that these programs provide mainly curative health services but the issue of sustainability has continued to dodge most of them. It establishes that, for trainees to continue actively providing services, continued professional development obtained through regular refresher training and entrepreneurship exemplified by proper record keeping are important. It therefore recommends that policy review is needed to address the role of CBAHWs and appropriately integrate their activities within the formal animal health delivery system.
Measuring the Penetration Depth Anisotropy in MgB$_2$ using Small-Angle Neutron Scattering
Creators: name: Pal, D.
name: DeBeer-Schmitt, L.
name: Bera, T.
name: Cubitt, R.
name: Dewhurst, C. D.
name: Jun, J.
name: Zhigadlo, N. D.
name: Karpinski, J.
name: Kogan, V. G.
name: Eskildsen, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using small-angle neutron scattering we have measured the misalignment between an applied field of 4 kOe and the flux-line lattice in MgB$_2$, as the field is rotated away from the c axis by an angle $θ$. The measurements, performed at 4.9 K, showed the vortices canting towards the c axis for all field orientations. Using a two-band/two-gap model to calculate the magnetization we are able to fit our results yielding a penetration depth anisotropy, $\glam = 1.1 \pm 0.1$.
description: 4figures
Responses of Halo Occupation Distributions: a new ingredient in the halo model & the impact on galaxy bias
Creators: name: Voivodic, Rodrigo
name: Barreira, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Halo occupation distribution (HOD) models describe the number of galaxies that reside in different haloes, and are widely used in galaxy-halo connection studies using the halo model (HM). Here, we introduce and study HOD response functions $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ that describe the response of the HODs to long-wavelength perturbations $\mathcal{O}$. The linear galaxy bias parameters $b_\mathcal{O}^g$ are a weighted version of $b_\mathcal{O}^h + R_\mathcal{O}^g$, where $b_\mathcal{O}^h$ is the halo bias, but the contribution from $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ is routinely ignored in the literature. We investigate the impact of this by measuring the $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ in separate universe simulations of the IllustrisTNG model for three types of perturbations: total matter perturbations, $\mathcal{O}=δ_m$; baryon-CDM compensated isocurvature perturbations, $\mathcal{O}=σ$; and potential perturbations with local primordial non-Gaussianity, $\mathcal{O}\propto f_{\rm NL}ϕ$. Our main takeaway message is that the $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ are not negligible in general and their size should be estimated on a case-by-case basis. For stellar-mass selected galaxies, the responses $R_ϕ^g$ and $R_σ^g$ are sizeable and cannot be neglected in HM calculations of the bias parameters $b_ϕ^g$ and $b_σ^g$; this is relevant to constrain inflation using galaxies. On the other hand, we do not detect a strong impact of the HOD response $R_1^g$ on the linear galaxy bias $b_1^g$. These results can be explained by the impact that the perturbations have on stellar-to-total-mass relations. We also look into the impact on the bias of the gas distribution and find similar conclusions. We show that a single extra parameter describing the overall amplitude of $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ recovers the measured $b_\mathcal{O}^g$ well, which indicates that $R_\mathcal{O}^g$ can be easily added to HM/HOD studies as a new ingredient.
description: 22 pages, 12 figures, 1 table. Comments are welcome! Accepted by JCAP