cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Fracture and Friction: Stick-Slip Motion
Creators: name: Brener, Efim A.
name: Malinin, S. V.
name: Marchenko, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the stick-slip motion of an elastic block sliding along a rigid substrate. We argue that for a given external shear stress this system shows a discontinuous nonequilibrium transition from a uniform stick state to uniform sliding at some critical stress which is nothing but the Griffith threshold for crack propagation. An inhomogeneous mode of sliding occurs, when the driving velocity is prescribed instead of the external stress. A transition to homogeneous sliding occurs at a critical velocity, which is related to the critical stress. We solve the elastic problem for a steady-state motion of a periodic stick-slip pattern and derive equations of motion for the tip and resticking end of the slip pulses. In the slip regions we use the linear viscous friction law and do not assume any intrinsic instabilities even at small sliding velocities. We find that, as in many other pattern forming system, the steady-state analysis itself does not select uniquely all the internal parameters of the pattern, especially the primary wavelength. Using some plausible analogy to first order phase transitions we discuss a ``soft'' selection mechanism. This allows to estimate internal parameters such as crack velocities, primary wavelength and relative fraction of the slip phase as function of the driving velocity. The relevance of our results to recent experiments is discussed.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
The evolution with temperature of magnetic polaron state in an antiferromagnetic chain with impurities
Creators: name: Sboychakov, A. O.
name: Rakhmanov, A. L.
name: Kugel, K. I.
name: González, I.
name: Castro, J.
name: Baldomir, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermal behavior of a one-dimensional antiferromagnetic chain doped by donor impurities was analyzed. The ground state of such a chain corresponds to the formation of a set of ferromagnetically correlated regions localized near impurities (bound magnetic polarons). At finite temperatures, the magnetic structure of the chain was calculated simultaneously with the wave function of a conduction electron bound by an impurity. The calculations were performed using an approximate variational method and a Monte Carlo simulation. Both these methods give similar results. The analysis of the temperature dependence of correlation functions for neighboring local spins demonstrated that the ferromagnetic correlations inside a magnetic polaron remain significant even above the Néel temperature $T_N$ implying rather high stability of the magnetic polaron state. In the case when the electron-impurity coupling energy $V$ is not too high (for $V$ lower that the electron hopping integral $t$), the magnetic polaron could be depinned from impurity retaining its magnetic structure. Such a depinning occurs at temperatures of the order of $T_N$. At even higher temperatures ($T \sim t$) magnetic polarons disappear and the chain becomes completely disordered.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures, RevTeX
A CONCENTRAÇÃO ESPACIAL DA ATIVIDADE FLORESTAL NO ESTADO DO PARÁ
Creators: name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Filgueiras, Gisalda Carvalho
name: Mendes, Fernando Antonio Teixeira
name: Amin, Mario Miguel
name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Filgueiras, Gisalda Carvalho
name: Mendes, Fernando Antonio Teixeira
name: Amin, Mario Miguel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Produção florestal no Pará
subject: desenvolvimento local
subject: especialização produtiva
subject: State’s tropical forest production
subject: local development
subject: productive specialization

description: O Estado do Pará é um dos maiores produtores e exportadores de madeira em tora no País, tendo esta atividade considerável peso na economia estadual. Para melhor dimensionar esta produção regional oriunda da floresta tropical, fez-se necessário averiguar as localidades onde esta produção ocorre. Para isso, empregou-se o Índice de Concentração Normalizado (ICN), conforme proposto originalmente por Crocco et al. (2003) e ampliando por Santana (2005), construído a partir da Análise de Componentes Principais (ACP). O objetivo do trabalho foi identificar os municípios especializados nas atividades florestal e de madeira e mobiliário com potencial para desenvolver Arranjos Produtivos Locais (APL) no Pará. Os resultados indicaram a existência de nove municípios paraenses especializados, simultaneamente, nas duas atividades, podendo resultar em melhor estruturação desses APL para desenvolver localmente o Pará, via Pólos de Desenvolvimento, mediante ações concretas de políticas públicas para o fortalecimento desses arranjos.---------------------------------------------At the present time, the State of Pará is one of the major producers and exporters of wood having this activity an important contribution in the regional economy. To better understant the State’s tropical forest production from the tropical forest it was necessary to look into the region’s producing areas. For this, it was used, as methodological instrument, the Normalized Index of Concentration (NIC), as originally proposed by Crocco et al. (2003) and later modified by Santana (2005), defined from the application of the Principle Component Analysis (PCA) methodology. The objective of this study was to determine the municipalities which are specialized in forest, wood and furniture activities with significant potential for developing local clusters in the State of Pará, given the fact that this state is, now, not only the most important producer at the regional level but also at the national level. The results indicated the existence of nine municipalities specialized, simultaneously, in the two activities. This could lead to better results for structuring these clusters and have a direct influence in the development of the regional economy through the implementation of more concrete public policies.
Independent variables used in developing Kidney Transplant Risk Index (KTRI)
Creators: name: Sameera Senanayake
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110312 Nephrology and Urology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 80702 Health Informatics
subject: FOS: Media and communications

description: This document has the independent variables used in developing and validating a risk index to predict kidney graft survival using machine learning methods; Kidney Transplant Risk Index (KTRI)
ANÁLISE DA ATIVIDADE FLORESTAL NO PARÁ ATRAVÉS DA MATRIZ DE CONTABILIDADE SOCIAL
Creators: name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Filgueiras, Gisalda Carvalho
name: Homma, Alfredo Kingo Oyama
name: Barros, Paulo Luiz Contente De
name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Filgueiras, Gisalda Carvalho
name: Homma, Alfredo Kingo Oyama
name: Barros, Paulo Luiz Contente De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Atividade florestal
subject: Matriz de Contabilidade Social
subject: Relações intersetoriais
subject: forestry activity
subject: Social Accounting Matrix (SAM)
subject: Intersectorial relations

description: As indústrias de base florestal e de madeira processada mecanicamente possuem relevância na economia brasileira, pois participaram na formação do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) em 2006 com 4,7% e geraram 10,6 milhões de empregos (ABIMCI, 2007). No âmbito estadual, o Pará se destaca com produtos extrativos da floresta tropical, principalmente da madeira em tora, cuja participação, em 2005, foi de 57,2% do total de 17.372.428 m3 produzidos no País (IBGE, 2006). Frente a esse cenário, este estudo teve como objetivo analisar a importância socioeconômica das atividades florestal e de madeira e mobiliário no Pará, através do modelo da Matriz de Contabilidade Social (MCS) do ano de 1999. Os resultados revelaram que as atividades de base florestal foram consideradas atividades-chave, por apresentarem efeito de linkages para frente e/ou para trás superior a um. Todavia, em função do ajuste da legislação ambiental em vigor, as atividades de base florestal terão que implementar novos padrões de produção sustentáveis, atendendo as exigências dos mercados nacional e internacional.----------------------------------------------The forestry and wood mechanically processed industries have an important economic relevance in the Brazilian economy, since they participated in the formation of the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), in 2006, with 4.7% and created 10.6 million jobs (Brazilian Industry Association of Mechanically Processed Wood, 2007). On the regional basis, the State of Para stands as a tropical extractive forest economy, mainly wood in logs, with a participation, in 2005, of 57.2% of the 17.372.428 m3 produced in the country (Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics, 2006). In this scenario, the objective of the study is to investigate the importance of the social and economic forest, wooden and furniture activities in the State of Pará, using the model of Social Accounting Matrix (SAM) for the year of 1999. The results showed that, in 1999, the activities depending on forest, wooden and furniture had high relevance in the State's economy creating jobs and income, besides being considered key-activities, by presenting forward and/or backward links equal or superior to one. Still, given the present environmental legislation, the industries depending on forestry activities would have to implement new sustainable production processes, attending the national and international market requirements.
Building Be star disks from scratch: clues from space photometry and high-cadence spectroscopy
Creators: name: Labadie-Bartz, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Classical Be stars are massive main-sequence rapid-rotators that mechanically eject material, forming gaseous circumstellar decretion disks. These stars are multi-mode pulsators, and evidence is mounting that pulsation plays a key role in the mass ejection mechanism. Analysis of TESS photometry for ~1000 Be stars reveals many types of variability, including stochastic variability, coherent and variable pulsation in both low and high frequencies, groups of closely-spaced frequencies and combination modes, and discrete mass ejection episodes. These systems are sufficiently complex that photometry alone, no matter how precise, is often ambiguous. We have therefore been monitoring ~200 Be stars with time-series optical echelle spectroscopy comtemporaneous with their TESS observations. These spectra probe the star and circumstellar environment in ways that are complementary to TESS. Combining these datasets allows for the characterization of: 1) stellar pulsation modes, 2) mass ejection events (and the concurrent changes in pulsation patterns), 3) the initial asymmetric distribution of ejecta and its evolution (on timescales of hours to days) into a disk, and 4) stellar properties including rotation rate, mass, radius, and inclination angle. SPH and radiative transfer models are being developed to describe the behavior of the ejecta after it is launched into orbit, allowing us to quantify the effiency of viscosity and the amount of mass and angular momentum that is ejected and subsequently carried out of the system. The simultaneous space photometry and spectroscopy provide tight constraints, as various regions in the disk are probed by different observational features.
SISTEMA DE DEMANDA DE CARNES NO BRASIL: MODELO DE EQUAÇÃO APARENTEMENTE NÁO-RELACIONADA
Creators: name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Ribeiro, Dioniso Tadeu
name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Ribeiro, Dioniso Tadeu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Demanda de carnes
subject: elasticidades
subject: Modelo SUR
subject: BRASIL

description: O objetivo do trabalho foi analisar o comportamento das relações cruzadas do sistema de demanda de carnes no Brasil, no período de 1980 a 2006, o foco da análise foi a investigação das relações de substitutibilidade e complementaridade do sistema de demanda neste período. Foi utilizado como instrumental analítico um modelo econométrico de equações de regressão aparentemente não-relacionadas. Os resultados mostraram que as demandas são inelásticas a preço e que o pescado é complementar das carnes de frango e bovina e substituta da carne suína. A carne de frango se mostrou substituta do pescado e indiferente às carnes bovina e suína. Essas relações mudaram devido à expansão do consumo de alimentos processados e da alimentação fora de casa, realizada nos restaurantes a quilo e nas redes de alimentação rápida.
Production of multiply heavy flavoured baryons from Quark Gluon Plasma in relativistic heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Becattini, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is argued that in heavy ion collisions at LHC there could be a sizeable production of baryons containing two or three heavy quarks from statistical coalescence. This production mechanism is peculiar of Quark Gluon Plasma and the predicted rates, in heavy ion collisions at LHC energy, exceed those from a purely hadronic scenario, particularly for Xi_bc and Omega_ccc. Thus, besides the interest in the discovery of these new states, enhanced ratios of these baryons over singly heavy flavoured hadrons, like B or D, in heavy ion collisions with respect to pp at the same energy, would be a clear indication of kinetic equilibration of heavy quarks in the Quark Gluon Plasma.
description: 4 pages. Published version with minor corrections
FrameProv: Towards End-To-End Video Provenance
Creators: name: Ahmed-Rengers, Mansoor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Video feeds are often deliberately used as evidence, as in the case of CCTV footage; but more often than not, the existence of footage of a supposed event is perceived as proof of fact in the eyes of the public at large. This reliance represents a societal vulnerability given the existence of easy-to-use editing tools and means to fabricate entire video feeds using machine learning. And, as the recent barrage of fake news and fake porn videos have shown, this isn't merely an academic concern, it is actively been exploited. I posit that this exploitation is only going to get more insidious. In this position paper, I introduce a long term project that aims to mitigate some of the most egregious forms of manipulation by embedding trustworthy components in the video transmission chain. Unlike earlier works, I am not aiming to do tamper detection or other forms of forensics -- approaches I think are bound to fail in the face of the reality of necessary editing and compression -- instead, the aim here is to provide a way for the video publisher to prove the integrity of the video feed as well as make explicit any edits they may have performed. To do this, I present a novel data structure, a video-edit specification language and supporting infrastructure that provides end-to-end video provenance, from the camera sensor to the viewer. I have implemented a prototype of this system and am in talks with journalists and video editors to discuss the best ways forward with introducing this idea to the mainstream.
Multiobjective graph clustering with variable neighbourhood descent
Creators: name: Naverniouk, Igor
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Graph clustering is a well-known combinatorial problem that appears in many different incarnations. The task is to partition the vertex set of a graph in order to minimize a given cost function. Clustering has applications in VLSI design, protein-protein interaction networks, data mining and many other areas. In the context of multiobjective optimization, we have more than one cost function, and instead of finding a single optimal solution, we are interested in a set of Pareto-optimal solutions. We present a multiobjective variable neighbourhood descent algorithm for this problem and its results on a collection of synthetic and real world data. On data sets that have a known "correct" clustering, our algorithm consistently finds interesting unsupported solutions (those that can not be found by any linear single-objective restriction of the problem), demonstrating a clear advantage of the multiobjective approach. Additionally, the shape of the Pareto front generated by the algorithm can give clues for the areas of the cost function space that contain non-trivial solutions. We compare our method to a single-objective clustering algorithm (RNSC, [41]) and a multiobjective algorithm (MOCK, [27]). On all data sets, our algorithm requires substantially longer CPU time, but produces higher quality results.
Ferromagnetic/DMS hybrid structures: one- and zero-dimensional magnetic traps for quasiparticles
Creators: name: Redlinski, P.
name: Wojtowicz, T.
name: Rappoport, T. G.
name: Libal, A.
name: Furdyna, J. K.
name: Janko, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated possibility of using local magnetic field originating from ferromagnetic island deposited on the top of semiconductor quantum well to produce zero- and one-dimensional traps for quasi-particles with spin. In particular we considered two shapes of experimentally made magnets - cylindrical and rectangular. In the case of ferromagnetic micro-disk the trap can localize spin in three dimensions, contrary to the rectangular micro-magnet which creates a trap that allows free propagation in one direction. We present in detail prediction for absorption spectrum around the main absorption edge in both type of micro-magnets.
description: to appear in the Proceedings of the 27th International Conference on the Physics of Semiconductors, 2 pages, 3 figures
Cosmological Evolution of Interacting Phantom Energy with Dark Matter
Creators: name: Guo, Zong-Kuan
name: Cai, Rong-Gen
name: Zhang, Yuan-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the cosmological evolution of an interacting phantom energy model in which the phantom field has interaction with the dark matter. We discuss the existence and stability of scaling solutions for two types of specific interactions. One is motivated by the conformal transformation in string theory and the other is motivated by analogy with dissipation. In the former case, there exist no scaling solutions. In the latter case, there exist stable scaling solutions, which may give a phenomenological solution of the coincidence problem. Furthermore, the universe either accelerates forever or ends with a singularity, which is determined by not only the model parameters but also the initial velocity of the phantom field.
description: 7 pages, 11 figures, RevTeX
Locality of Interatomic Interactions in Self-Consistent Tight Binding Models
Creators: name: Thomas, Jack
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 74E15, 81V45

description: A key starting assumption in many classical interatomic potential models for materials is a site energy decomposition of the potential energy surface into contributions that only depend on a small neighbourhood. Under a natural stability condition, we construct such a spatial decomposition for self-consistent tight binding models, extending recent results for linear tight binding models to the non-linear setting.
description: 15 pages
Elliptic Blowup Equations for 6d SCFTs. IV: Matters
Creators: name: Gu, Jie
name: Haghighat, Babak
name: Klemm, Albrecht
name: Sun, Kaiwen
name: Wang, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the recent geometrical classification of 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs, a major question is how to compute for this large class their elliptic genera. The latter encode the refined BPS spectrum of the SCFTs, which determines geometric invariants of the associated elliptic non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds. In this paper we establish for all 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs in the atomic classification blowup equations that fix these elliptic genera to large extent. The latter fall into two types: the unity- and the vanishing blowup equations. For almost all rank one theories, we find unity blowup equations which determine the elliptic genera completely. We develop several techniques to compute elliptic genera and BPS invariants from the blowup equations, including a recursion formula with respect to the number of strings, a Weyl orbit expansion, a refined BPS expansion and an $ε_1,ε_2$ expansion. For higher-rank theories, we propose a gluing rule to obtain all their blowup equations based on those of rank one theories. For example, we explicitly give the elliptic blowup equations for the three higher-rank non-Higgsable clusters, ADE chain of $-2$ curves and conformal matter theories. We also give the toric construction for many elliptic non-compact Calabi-Yau threefolds which engineer 6d $(1,0)$ SCFTs with various matter representations.
description: 164 pages, 3 figures, 24 tables, typos corrected, refs added
Additional file 9 of A tissue level atlas of the healthy human virome
Creators: name: Kumata, Ryuichi
name: Ito, Jumpei
name: Takahashi, Kenta
name: Tadaki Suzuki
name: Sato, Kei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 9: Figure S4 Deconvolution analysis in the spleen of EBV-positive and -negative subjects.
Bright Polarized Single-Photon Source Based on a Linear Dipole
Creators: name: Thomas, S. E.
name: Billard, M.
name: Coste, N.
name: Wein, S. C.
name: Priya
name: Ollivier, H.
name: Krebs, O.
name: Tazaïrt, L.
name: Harouri, A.
name: Lemaitre, A.
name: Sagnes, I.
name: Anton, C.
name: Lanco, L.
name: Somaschi, N.
name: Loredo, J. C.
name: Senellart, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Semiconductor quantum dots in cavities are promising single-photon sources. Here, we present a path to deterministic operation, by harnessing the intrinsic linear dipole in a neutral quantum dot via phonon-assisted excitation. This enables emission of fully polarized single photons, with a measured degree of linear polarization up to 0.994 $\pm$ 0.007, and high population inversion -- 85\% as high as resonant excitation. We demonstrate a single-photon source with a polarized first lens brightness of 0.50 $\pm $ 0.01, a single-photon purity of 0.954 $\pm$ 0.001 and single-photon indistinguishability of 0.909 $\pm$ 0.004.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, plus supplementary material
O ADUBO ORGÂNICO PROVENIENTE DE ESTAÇÕES DE TRATAMENTO DE ESGOTO: QUESTÕES TÉCNICAS E TENDÊNCIAS DE MERCADO
Creators: name: Zapparoli, Irene Domenes
name: Pizaia, Marcia Goncalves
name: Zapparoli, Irene Domenes
name: Pizaia, Marcia Goncalves
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Produtores rurais
subject: adubo orgânico
subject: reciclagem
subject: Rural producers
subject: biosolid
subject: receptivity

description: O adubo orgânico, proveniente de resíduos sólidos de estações de tratamento de esgoto, biossólido, vem sendo estudado há aproximadamente duas décadas quanto aos aspectos metodológicos, tecnológicos, sanitários, agronômicos e sócio-econômicos. Nesse sentido, este estudo se prende as questões sócio-econômicas do biossólido, de forma a estudar a capacidade assimilativa do adubo, como bem o aspecto econômico em conformidade à com a sua capacidade de regeneração. Isso significa que o seu preço como bem econômico não reflete o verdadeiro valor da totalidade da preservação ambiental. O objetivo deste artigo consiste em avaliar a receptividade dos produtores rurais de Londrina e região, através de uma investigação da gestão ambiental na utilização do biossólido como fonte de insumo alternativo para a produção agrícola. O estudo-base focaliza a cidade de Londrina–Paraná. A metodologia consiste em revisão bibliográfica e aplicação de questionários. Foram enviados 1.178 questionários aos produtores rurais, com objetivo de identificar seu perfil e sua intenção de consumir produtos alimentícios produzidos com a utilização de adubo orgânico, biossólido. Entre os produtores rurais 87% utilizariam adubo proveniente do lodo de esgoto.------------------------------------------------------The organic fertilizer, originated from organic solid residues from sewer treatment stations, has been studied for approximately two decades in theirs methodological, technological, sanitarium, agronomic and socioeconomic aspects. This study observes the socioeconomic subjects of the biosolid issues, with the goal of studying the assimilative capacity of the fertilizer as well as its economical in conformity to its regeneration capacity. That means price as very economical it doesn't reflect the true value of the totality of environmental preservation. The objective of this article consists of evaluating the receptivity of the rural producers of Londrina and area through an investigation of the environmental administration in the use of the biosolid as source of alternative input for the production agricultural. Starting from the study base with the city of Londrina-Paraná. The methodology consists of bibliographical revision and application of questionnaires. It was sent 1.178 questionnaires to the rural producers, with the objective of identifying their profile and intention of consuming of food products produced with the use of organic fertilizer, biosolid. Among the rural producers, 87% would use the fertilizer originated from the sewer’s mud.
Cognitive Processing Models and Data Analytic Methods in Behavioral  Performance Research
Creators: name: Nagar, Lihi
name: Meiran, Nachshon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This book is designed to introduce students and researchers to cutting-edge cognitive-psychological research, guiding them in mastering behavioral cognitive psychology techniques. It covers a broad range of topics and methods, blending theoretical foundations with practical applications.
Constraint-based Wavevector- and Frequency-dependent Exchange-Correlation Kernel of the Uniform Electron Gas
Creators: name: Ruzsinszky, Adrienn
name: Nepal, Niraj K.
name: Pitarke, J. M.
name: Perdew, John P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to time-dependent density functional theory, the exact exchange-correlation kernel f$_{xc}$(n, q, $ω$) determines not only the ground-state energy but also the excited-state energies/lifetimes and time-dependent linear density response of an electron gas of uniform density n $=$ 3/(4$π$r$^3_s$). Here we propose a parametrization of this function based upon the satisfaction of exact constraints. For the static ($ω$ = 0) limit, we modify the model of Constantin and Pitarke at small wavevector q to recover the known second-order gradient expansion, plus other changes. For all frequencies $ω$ at q $=$ 0, we use the model of Gross, Kohn, and Iwamoto. A Cauchy integral extends this model to complex $ω$ and implies the standard Kramers-Kronig relations. A scaling relation permits closed forms for not only the imaginary but also the real part of f$_{xc}$ for real $ω$. We then combine these ingredients by damping out the $ω$ dependence at large q in the same way that the q dependence is damped. Away from q $=$ 0 and $ω$ $=$ 0, the correlation contribution to the kernel becomes dominant over exchange, even at r$_s$ $=$ 4, the valence electron density of metallic sodium. The resulting correlation energy from integration over imaginary $ω$ is essentially exact. The plasmon pole of the density response function is found by analytic continuation of f$_{xc}$ to $ω$ just below the real axis, and the resulting plasmon lifetime first decreases from infinity and then increases as q grows from 0 toward the electron-hole continuum. A static charge-density wave is found for r$_s$ $>$ 69, and shown to be associated with softening of the plasmon mode. The exchange-only version of our static kernel confirms Overhauser's 1968 prediction that correlation enhances the charge-density wave.
description: 20 pages including 11 figures
Nonperturbative renormalization for 2PI effective action techniques
Creators: name: Berges, Juergen
name: Borsanyi, Szabolcs
name: Reinosa, Urko
name: Serreau, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonperturbative approximation schemes based on two-particle irreducible (2PI) effective actions provide an important means for our current understanding of (non-)equilibrium quantum field theory. A remarkable property is their renormalizability, since these approximations involve selective summations to infinite perturbative orders. In this paper we show how to renormalize all $n$-point functions of the theory, which are given by derivatives of the 2PI-resummed effective action $Γ[ϕ]$ for scalar fields $ϕ$. This provides a complete description in terms of the generating functional for renormalized proper vertices, which extends previous prescriptions in the literature on the renormalization for 2PI effective actions. The importance of the 2PI-resummed generating functional for proper vertices stems from the fact that the latter respect all symmetry properties of the theory and, in particular, Goldstone's theorem in the phase with spontaneous symmetry breaking. This is important in view of the application of these techniques to gauge theories, where Ward identities play a crucial role.
description: 71 pages, 30 figures, published version
Residual-driven Fuzzy C-Means Clustering for Image Segmentation
Creators: name: Wang, Cong
name: Pedrycz, Witold
name: Li, ZhiWu
name: Zhou, MengChu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.4.6
subject: 62H30

description: Due to its inferior characteristics, an observed (noisy) image's direct use gives rise to poor segmentation results. Intuitively, using its noise-free image can favorably impact image segmentation. Hence, the accurate estimation of the residual between observed and noise-free images is an important task. To do so, we elaborate on residual-driven Fuzzy C-Means (FCM) for image segmentation, which is the first approach that realizes accurate residual estimation and leads noise-free image to participate in clustering. We propose a residual-driven FCM framework by integrating into FCM a residual-related fidelity term derived from the distribution of different types of noise. Built on this framework, we present a weighted $\ell_{2}$-norm fidelity term by weighting mixed noise distribution, thus resulting in a universal residual-driven FCM algorithm in presence of mixed or unknown noise. Besides, with the constraint of spatial information, the residual estimation becomes more reliable than that only considering an observed image itself. Supporting experiments on synthetic, medical, and real-world images are conducted. The results demonstrate the superior effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm over existing FCM-related algorithms.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures, 6 tables
Properties of a nematic spin vortex in an antiferromagnetic spin-1 Bose-Einstein condensate
Creators: name: Underwood, Andrew P. C.
name: Baillie, D.
name: Blakie, P. Blair
name: Takeuchi, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A spin-1 condensate with antiferromagnetic interactions supports nematic spin vortices in the easy-plane polar phase. These vortices have a $2π$ winding of the nematic director, with a core structure that depends on the quadratic Zeeman energy. We characterize the properties of the nematic spin vortex in a uniform quasi-two-dimensional system. We also obtain the vortex excitation spectrum and use it to quantify its stability against dissociating into two half-quantum vortices, finding a parameter regime where the nematic spin vortex is dynamically stable. These results are supported by full dynamical simulations.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 8 of A tissue level atlas of the healthy human virome
Creators: name: Kumata, Ryuichi
name: Ito, Jumpei
name: Takahashi, Kenta
name: Tadaki Suzuki
name: Sato, Kei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 8: Figure S3 Deconvolution analysis in the blood of EBV-positive and -negative subjects.
Aphids++ : evolution of a programmable hybrid intrusion detection system
Creators: name: Alam, Mohammed Shahidul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: With the rapid growth of the Internet and the ever-increasing security problems associated with its popularity, the need for protection against unwanted intruders has become essential. Antivirus software, intrusion detection systems, spyware and malware detectors are some of the protection mechanisms available to users today. The diversity of these manifold systems suggests the need for a unifying managerial system, such as APHIDS (A Programmable Hybrid Intrusion Detection System), a mobile agent based IDS, which can correlate and coalesce preexisting security components. In this thesis we provide a description of improvements made to the initial APHIDS design, comprising the addition of an optional intelligent agent meant to improve the response of APHIDS in detecting VoIP (Voice over IP) and generic intrusions; and an XML implementation of our Agent Deployment and Correlation Script (ADCS), which is used to initialize the agent environment, allowing for flexible user modifications to control the deployment and invocation of mobile agents.
Beyond the iron group: heavy metals in hot subdwarfs
Creators: name: O'Toole, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of strong photospheric resonance lines of Ga III, Ge IV, Sn IV and Pb IV in the UV spectra of more than two dozen sdB and sdOB stars at temperatures ranging from 22000 K to 40000 K. Lines of other heavy elements are also detected, however in these cases more atomic data are needed. Based on these discoveries, we present a hypothesis to explain the apparent lack of silicon in sdB stars hotter than ~32000 K. The existence of triply ionised Ge, Sn, and Pb suggests that rather than silicon sinking deep into the photosphere, it is removed from the star in a fractionated stellar wind. This hypothesis provides a challenge to diffusion models of sdB stars.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, to appear in A&A Letters
The evolution of cosmic string loops in Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes
Creators: name: Gu, Zhengyan
name: Cheng, Hongbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equation of cosmic string loops in Kerr-de Sitter spacetimes is derived. Having solved the equation numerically, we find that the loops can expand and exist except for too small ones.
description: 8 pages
Supplementary information from Internal regulation between constitutively expressed T cell coinhibitory receptors BTLA and CD5 and tolerance in recent thymic emigrants
Creators: name: Adegoke, Adeolu
name: Thangavelu, Govindarajan
name: Chou, Ting-Fang
name: Petersen, Marcos I
name: Kakugawa, Kiyokazu
name: May, Julia F
name: Joannou, Kevin
name: Wang, Qingyang
name: Ellestad, Kristofor  K
name: Boon, Louis
name: Bretscher, Peter A
name: Cheroutre, Hilde
name: Kronenberg, Mitchell
name: Baldwin, Troy
name: Anderson, Colin
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 320499
subject: Immunology not elsewhere classified

description: supplementary data
Identification of low energy nuclear recoils in a gas TPC with optical readout
Creators: name: Baracchini, Elisabetta
name: Benussi, Luigi
name: Bianco, Stefano
name: Capoccia, Cesidio
name: Caponero, Michele Arturo
name: Cavoto, Gianluca
name: Cortez, Andre
name: Costa, Igor Abritta
name: Di Marco, Emanuele
name: D'Imperio, Giulia
name: Dho, Giorgio
name: Iacoangeli, Fabrizio
name: Maccarrone, Giovanni
name: Marafini, Michela
name: Mazzitelli, Giovanni
name: Messina, Andrea
name: Nobrega, Rafael Antunes
name: Orlandi, Aldo
name: Paoletti, Emiliano
name: Passamonti, Luciano
name: Petrucci, Fabrizio
name: Piccolo, Davide
name: Pierluigi, Daniele
name: Pinci, Davide
name: Renga, Francesco
name: Rosatelli, Filippo
name: Russo, Alessandro
name: Saviano, Giovanna
name: Tesauro, Roberto
name: Tomassini, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The search for a novel technology able to detect and reconstruct nuclear recoil events in the keV energy range has become more and more important as long as vast regions of high mass WIMP-like Dark Matter candidate have been excluded. Gaseous Time Projection Chambers (TPC) with optical readout are very promising candidate combining the complete event information provided by the TPC technique to the high sensitivity and granularity of last generation scientific light sensors. A TPC with an amplification at the anode obtained with Gas Electron Multipliers (GEM) was tested at the Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati. Photons and neutrons from radioactive sources were employed to induce recoiling nuclei and electrons with kinetic energy in the range [1-100] keV. A He-CF4 (60/40) gas mixture was used at atmospheric pressure and the light produced during the multiplication in the GEM channels was acquired by a high position resolution and low noise scientific CMOS camera and a photomultiplier. A multi-stage pattern recognition algorithm based on an advanced clustering technique is presented here. A number of cluster shape observables are used to identify nuclear recoils induced by neutrons originated from a AmBe source against X-ray 55Fe photo-electrons. An efficiency of 18% to detect nuclear recoils with an energy of about 6 keV is reached obtaining at the same time a 96% 55Fe photo-electrons suppression. This makes this optically readout gas TPC a very promising candidate for future investigations of ultra-rare events as directional direct Dark Matter searches.
Experimental Demonstration of Unconditional Entanglement Swapping for Continuous Variables
Creators: name: Jia, Xiaojun
name: Su, Xiaolong
name: Pan, Qing
name: Gao, Jiangrui
name: Xie, Changde
name: Peng, Kunchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unconditional entanglement swapping for continuous variables is experimentally demonstrated. Two initial entangled states are produced from two nondegenerate optical parametric amplifiers operating at deamplification. Through implementing the direct measurement of Bell-state between two optical beams from each amplifier the remaining two optical beams, which have never directly interacted with each other, are entangled. The quantum correlation degrees of 1.23dB and 1.12dB below the shot noise limit for the amplitude and phase quadratures resulting from the entanglement swapping are straightly measured.
description: new version
Photometric stereo via locality sensitive high-dimension hashing
Creators: name: Zhong, Lin
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Photometric stereo is a shape-from-shading method for recovering three-dimensional surface orientation information from two-dimensional images with differing illumination but the same viewing geometry. According to the former photometric stereo methods, the inconvenience of calibration and the cost of searching for the gradient of the best match between reference images' brightness and target images' brightness remain as the major problems in this area. Lately, the increasing interest in geometry reconstruction by using photometric stereo has led to a new method for improving the original photometric stereo method. This approach is based on the assumption that two points with the same surface property should reflect the same light and show the same brightness. This new method largely simplifies the traditional calibration experiment by getting the reference object's and target object's information at the same time. Moreover, this new convenient method provides greater opportunity for photometric stereo to be applied to practical real-time robot vision. In this thesis, we extend the new photometric stereo method of Hertzmenn & Seitz that uses multiple images of an object together with a calibration object. For each point in the registered collection of images, we have a large number of brightness values. Photometric stereo finds a matching collection of brightness values from the calibration object and overdetermines the surface normal. With a large number of images in high dimensions, finding similar brightnesses becomes costly. To speed up the search, we apply locality sensitive high dimensional hashing (LSH) to compute the irregular target object's surface orientation. The experimental results of a simplified photometric stereo experiment show consistent results in surface orientation LSH can be implemented very efficiently; and it offers the possibility of practical photometric stereo computation with a large number of images. Finally, we present the idea that LSH should be applied in a variety of computer vision areas.
Effects of rotation on the revival of a stalled shock in supernova explosions
Creators: name: Yamasaki, T.
name: Yamada, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In order to infer the effects of rotation on the revival of a stalled shock in supernova explosions, we investigated steady accretion flows with a standing shock. We first obtained a series of solutions for equations describing non-rotating spherically symmetric flows and confirmed the results of preceding papers that, for a given mass accretion rate, there is a critical luminosity of irradiating neutrinos, above which there exists no steady solution. Below the critical value, we found two branches of solutions; one is stable and the other is unstable against radial perturbations. With a simple argument based on the Riemann problem, we can identify the critical luminosity as the one, at which the stalled shock revives. We also obtained the condition satisfied by the flow velocity for the critical luminosity, which can be easily applied to the rotational case. If a collapsing star rotates, the accretion flow is non-spherical due to centrifugal forces. Flows are accelerated near the rotation axis whereas they are decelerated near the equatorial plane. As a result, the critical luminosity is lowered, that is, rotation assists the revival of a stalled shock. According to our calculations, the critical luminosity is $\sim25$% lower for the mass accretion rate of 1M$_{\odot}$/sec and the rotation frequency of 0.1 Hz at a radius of 1000 km than that of the spherically symmetric flow with the same mass accretion rate. We found that the condition of the flow velocity at the critical luminosity is first satisfied at the rotation axis. This suggests that the shock revival is triggered on the rotation axis and a jet-like explosion ensues.
description: 26 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
BIOMASS FOR ELECTRICITY AND PROCESS HEAT AT ETHANOL PLANTS
Creators: name: Morey, R. Vance
name: Tiffany, Douglas G.
name: Hatfield, Dennis L.
name: Morey, R. Vance
name: Tiffany, Douglas G.
name: Hatfield, Dennis L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Biomass
subject: Process heat
subject: Ethanol production
subject: Electricity
subject: Combined heat and power

description: Biomass can provide electricity and process heat at dry-grind ethanol plants to both reduce costs and improve the net energy value of ethanol production. Distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS), which are coproducts of ethanol production, can potentially be used for energy. Corn stover is another potential biomass energy source for ethanol plants. Biomass (DDGS and corn stover) alternatives to provide process heat and electricity at corn dry mill ethanol plants are evaluated. Corn dry grind ethanol production using biomass (DDGS or corn stover) to meet process energy needs and generate electricity achieves net energy values in the range of 20 to 30 MJ/L (72,000 to 108,000 Btu/gal) of ethanol, which equals or exceeds previous estimates for biomass ethanol production. There are significant annual energy cost savings/returns for a 150 million L (40 million gal) per year plant capacity over a range of natural gas and biomass prices to apply to additional capital and operating costs required for a biomass energy system. Electricity generation is potentially an important contributor to the annual energy cost savings/returns because of the ability to effectively use waste heat from electricity generation to meet process energy needs. Important next steps are to evaluate capital and operating costs of biomass combustion/gasification, emission control, biomass fuel handling, and electricity generation technologies to determine overall economic feasibility.
description: Published in: Applied Engineering in Agriculture, Vol. 22(5): 723-728