cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Additional file 1 of Boolean implication analysis of single-cell data predicts retinal cell type markers
Creators: name: Subramanian, Rohan
name: Sahoo, Debashis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1: Method for discovering and applying Boolean implication relationships in single cell RNA sequencing data. (A-F): Six types of Boolean implication relationships are visible on scatterplots. Two are symmetric with two sparse quadrants (A,B) and four are asymmetric with one sparse quadrant (C-F). (G): This plot is divided into four quadrants based on thresholds identified by the StepMiner algorithm. (H-I): The BooleanNet algorithm identifies the sparse quadrants using a statistic S and a likelihood error rate p and applying thresholds of 2.5 and 0.35, respectively. (J): Analysis of Boolean implication relationships was used to find genes involved in cell fate determination using bait genes (A and B). genes (A and B). (K): Distribution of the six types of Boolean implication relationship (as seen in A-F) in the single-cell dataset GSE98556. The log-log plot shows a histogram of the number of each relationship in GSE98556 and the number of genes exhibiting that relationship.Figure S2. Single-cell validation (A): Violin plots in the Peng 2020 dataset (GSE148077). (B): Violin plots in adult retinal cells of the Lu 2020 dataset (GSE138002). (C): Violin plots in human neonatal retina of the Lu 2020 dataset (GSE122970). Violin plots (left x-axis) are generated from log-normalized CPM values. Line graphs (right x-axis) represent pseudobulk expression values for each cell type, normalized using CPM. WWC1 is a proposed cone photoreceptor gene, and CASZ1 and PPEF2 are proposed rod photoreceptor genes.
Galaxy Morphology and Star Formation in the Illustris Simulation at z=0
Creators: name: Snyder, Gregory F.
name: Torrey, Paul
name: Lotz, Jennifer M.
name: Genel, Shy
name: McBride, Cameron K.
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: Pillepich, Annalisa
name: Nelson, Dylan
name: Sales, Laura V.
name: Sijacki, Debora
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how optical galaxy morphology depends on mass and star formation rate (SFR) in the Illustris Simulation. To do so, we measure automated galaxy structures in 10808 simulated galaxies at z=0 with stellar masses 10^9.7 < M_*/M_sun < 10^12.3. We add observational realism to idealized synthetic images and measure non-parametric statistics in rest-frame optical and near-IR images from four directions. We find that Illustris creates a morphologically diverse galaxy population, occupying the observed bulge strength locus and reproducing median morphology trends versus stellar mass, SFR, and compactness. Morphology correlates realistically with rotation, following classification schemes put forth by kinematic surveys. Type fractions as a function of environment agree roughly with data. These results imply that connections among mass, star formation, and galaxy structure arise naturally from models matching global star formation and halo occupation functions when simulated with accurate methods. This raises a question of how to construct experiments on galaxy surveys to better distinguish between models. We predict that at fixed halo mass near 10^12 M_sun, disc-dominated galaxies have higher stellar mass than bulge-dominated ones, a possible consequence of the Illustris feedback model. While Illustris galaxies at M_* ~ 10^11 M_sun have a reasonable size distribution, those at M_* ~ 10^10 M_sun have half-light radii larger than observed by a factor of two. Furthermore, at M_* ~ 10^10.5-10^11 M_sun, a relevant fraction of Illustris galaxies have distinct "ring-like" features, such that the bright pixels have an unusually wide spatial extent.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures, MNRAS accepted version
The Effect of PrEP Use Disclosure on Adherence in a Cohort of Adolescent Girls and Young Women in South Africa
Creators: name: Morton, J.F.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Powers, K.A.
name: Bekker, L.-G.
name: Celum, C.
name: Gill, K.
name: Pettifor, A.
name: Pence, B.W.
name: Giovenco, D.
name: van der Straten, A.
name: Hightow-Weidman, L.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: Effective strategies to support PrEP adherence among adolescent girls and young women (AGYW) are needed. We examined PrEP use disclosure and its effect on adherence among 200 AGYW ages 16–25 initiating PrEP in South Africa to help inform these strategies. We estimated the relative prevalence of high adherence (intracellular tenofovir-diphosphate concentration ≥ 700 fmol/punch) 3- and 6-months after PrEP initiation among those who disclosed vs. did not disclose their PrEP use, both overall and by age. Most AGYW disclosed to a parent (58%), partner (58%), or friend (81%) by month 6. We did not observe a strong effect of disclosure on adherence overall; however, among younger AGYW (≤ 18 years), those who disclosed to a parent were 6.8 times as likely to have high adherence at month 6 than those who did not (95% CI 1.02, 45.56). More work is needed to understand parents’ roles as allies and identify ways peers and partners can motivate PrEP use for AGYW.
title: Χαρακτηριστικά ζήτησης σε ιδιωτικούς χώρους στάθμευσης
title: Private parking demand characteristics
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Μερσίνης, Κωνσταντίνος
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Χώρος στάθμευσης επί πληρωμή
Γραμμική παλινδρόμηση

description: Ο αυξανόμενος ρυθμός χρήσης ιδιωτικών αυτοκινήτων στις αστικές περιοχές έχει επιφέρει σημαντική αύξηση τόσο της κυκλοφοριακής συμφόρησης, όσο και της δυσκολίας εύρεσης θέσης στάθμευσης στις αστικές κυρίως περιοχές. Η στάθμευση ωστόσο αποτελεί ένα σημαντικό ζήτημα που επηρεάζει πολλές πτυχές της καθημερινότητας στην πόλη, συμπεριλαμβανομένης της ροής της κυκλοφορίας, της ατμοσφαιρικής ρύπανσης, της οικονομικής ανάπτυξης και της πρόσβασης σε βασικές υπηρεσίες. Σε αυτό το πλαίσιο, αντικείμενο της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση των χαρακτηριστικών που επηρεάζουν τη στάθμευση σε ιδιωτικούς χώρους. Πιο συγκεκριμένα θα αναλυθούν τα βασικά χαρακτηριστικά τα οποία επηρεάζουν τη διάρκεια στάθμευσης επιβατικών οχημάτων σε ιδιωτικούς χώρους στάθμευσης. Για την επίτευξη του ανωτέρου στόχου δημιουργήθηκε μια μεγάλη βάση δεδομένων με στοιχεία της εταιρείας Cityzen που περιλαμβάνουν 650.000 διαφορετικές εγγραφές επιβατικών οχημάτων σε 13 διαφορετικούς χώρους στάθμευσης της εταιρείας εντός και εκτός της Αττικής. Τα στοιχεία τα οποία παραχωρήθηκαν από την εταιρεία περιλαμβάνουν ημερομηνία και ώρα εισόδου και εξόδου από τον χώρο στάθμευσης, τύπο πελάτη διάρκεια παραμονής, τετραγωνικά και επίπεδα χώρου στάθμευσης. Παράλληλα για τους εν λόγω σταθμούς συλλέχθησαν επιπλέον στοιχεία όπως η απόσταση από κοντινότερη στάση μετρό, η απόσταση από κοντινότερη στάση λεωφορείου, ο πληθυσμός δήμου και η εμπορική χρήση της περιοχής. Για την ανάλυση χρησιμοποιήθηκαν οι στατιστικές μέθοδοι της γραμμικής και λογαριθμικής παλινδρόμησης. Μέσω των μοντέλων που αναπτύχθηκαν εξετάστηκε κατά πόσο η διάρκεια παραμονής σε ιδιωτικό χώρο στάθμευσης μπορεί να επηρεαστεί από χαρακτηριστικά τα οποία συλλέχθησαν παραπάνω. Τα ευρήματα της παρούσας μελέτης έδειξαν ότι η διάρκεια παραμονής σε χώρο στάθμευσης επί πληρωμή επηρεάζεται σημαντικά από την τοποθεσία του χώρου στάθμευσης και συγκεκριμένα από την απόσταση του από μέσο σταθερής τροχιάς (από Μετρό) και από στάσεις λεωφορείων. Επιπρόσθετα, παρατηρείται μεγάλη συσχέτιση με την εποχή, το μήνα, την ημέρα (αν αφορά καθημερινή ή Σαββατοκύριακο) και την ώρα στάθμευσης. Τέλος, το είδος του πελάτη (μηνιαίος, διερχόμενος, ειδικής χρέωσης, pre-booker) έχει άμεση επιρροή στην διάρκεια στάθμευσης.
title: Performance des isolants thermiques posés à l’extérieur des murs de sous-sol
Creators: name: Swinton, M. C.
name: Bomberg, M. T.
name: Kumaran, M. K.
name: Normandin, N.
name: Maref, W.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Basements and foundations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0320
subject: Sous-sol et fondations
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0320
subject: Fibre
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0351
subject: Fibre
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0351

description: Exterior basement insulation matters most in heat-loss control and groundwater management. In an IRC study, all products tested, whether EPS, spray-polyurethane foam (SPF) or mineral-fibre board, performed more or less equally well from a thermal standpoint. And that regardless of water movement recorded at the outer face of the insulation. In no case did water reach the foundation wall, and where SPF was used, even the footing remained dry. Adjacent insulation boards must be tightly installed beside one another to stave off any ingress of water at the joints. Care must also be taken to avoid thermal bridges, which can erode thermal performance.
description: L'intérêt d'une isolation extérieure des sous-sols réside dans le fait qu'elle offre un contrôle du transfert thermique et une maîtrise des eaux souterraines. Dans une étude menée par l'IRC, tous les produits testés, polystyrène expansé (EPS), mousse de polyuréthane projetée (MPP) ou panneau de fibres minérales, ont affiché une performance thermique plus ou moins identique, indépendamment des mouvements d'eau enregistrés sur la face extérieure des isolants. L'eau n'a jamais atteint le mur de fondation et même, dans le cas de l'utilisation de MPP, la semelle est restée sèche. Les panneaux isolants adjacents doivent être très bien ajustés côte à côte pour empêcher toute pénétration d'eau au niveau des joints. Un soin particulier sera apporté pour éviter de créer des ponts thermiques pouvant entraver la performance thermique.
Momentum-space Harper-Hofstadter model
Creators: name: Ozawa, Tomoki
name: Price, Hannah M.
name: Carusotto, Iacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show how the weakly trapped Harper-Hofstadter model can be mapped onto a Harper-Hofstadter model in momentum space. In this momentum-space model, the band dispersion plays the role of the periodic potential, the Berry curvature plays the role of an effective magnetic field, the real-space harmonic trap provides the momentum-space kinetic energy responsible for the hopping, and the trap position sets the boundary conditions around the magnetic Brillouin zone. Spatially local interactions translate into nonlocal interactions in momentum space: within a mean-field approximation, we show that increasing interparticle interactions leads to a structural change of the ground state, from a single rotationally symmetric ground state to degenerate ground states that spontaneously break rotational symmetry.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
title: Comment réduire la transmission des bruits d’impact par les planchers
Creators: name: Warnock, A. C. C.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Floors
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0841
subject: Planchers
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0841

description: It is bad enough not being invited to the party upstairs; worse yet is having to endure the sound of stiletto-heeled shoes keeping time to up-tempo music. Something can be done, however, to reduce such annoying impact noise from above. That something entails the installation of either an impact-absorbing, i.e., resilient, layer on the floor such as a carpet, or a floating floor. Increasing the thickness of the concrete slab can also improve the impact insulation. It is a matter of impact insulation increasing with an increase in mass. That applies just as much to the gypsum board ceiling suspended resiliently from a concrete slab. Overall, the control of impact noise differs greatly from that of airborne noise.
description: C'est déjà assez vexant de ne pas avoir été invité à la fête qui se donne à l'étage au dessus mais c'est encore pire d'avoir à endurer le claquement rythmé des talons aiguilles au-dessus de sa tête. Il y a moyen de remédier à ce désagrément cependant : on peut installer soit une couche amortissante, un revêtement de sol résilient, par exemple, tel qu'un tapis, soit un plancher flottant. Augmenter l'épaisseur de la dalle de béton peut aussi améliorer l'isolement des bruits d'impact : plus la masse augmente, plus l'isolement des bruits d'impact augmentera. En suspendant la sous-face en plaques de plâtre d'un plancher en béton à l'aide de profilés souples, on peut aussi améliorer l'isolement. D'une façon générale, les techniques sont différentes pour réduire la transmission des bruits d'impact et réduire celle des bruits aériens.
title: Concevoir des murs selon le principe de l’écran pare-pluie
Creators: name: Brown, W. C.
name: Chown, G. A.
name: Poirier, G. F.
name: Rousseau, M. Z.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Rainscreen walls
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC03821
subject: Murs à écran pare-pluie
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC03821

description: According to the rainscreen principle, the first line of defence minimizes rainwater passage toward a wall, while the second line deals with water that gets past the first. The design characteristics of both lines of defence must take into account the given environmental conditions. For the first line of defence that means reducing the moisture loads, having a watertight facade, and managing the forces (gravity, capillarity, etc.) that drive water through possible holes in the cladding. For the second line of defence, it means intercepting free and bound water and dissipating it.
description: Selon le principe de l'écran pare-pluie, un premier niveau de protection permet de minimiser l'infiltration de la pluie, tandis qu'un second intercepte toute l'eau qui a franchi le premier niveau. Les caractéristiques conceptuelles de ces deux niveaux de protection doivent prendre en compte les conditions environnementales données. Pour le premier niveau, cela signifie réduire la charge d'humidité, avoir une façade étanche à l'eau et contrôler l'effet des forces (gravité, capillarité, etc.) qui drainent l'eau par les orifices éventuels dans le revêtement. Au second niveau, il faut intercepter l'eau gravitaire et l'eau liée, puis l'évacuer.
Additional file 4 of Burnout among midwives—the factorial structure of the burnout assessment tool and an assessment of burnout levels in a Swedish national sample
Creators: name: Hadžibajramović, Emina
name: Hansson, Malin
name: Akerstrom, Magnus
name: Dencker, Anna
name: Hensing, Gunnel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary file 4. Observed residual correlation matrix.
Lax Liftings and Lax Distributive Laws
Creators: name: Schoen, Ezra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Liftings of endofunctors on sets to endofunctors on relations are commonly used to capture bisimulation of coalgebras. Lax versions have been used in those cases where strict lifting fails to capture bisimilarity, as well as in modeling other notions of simulation. This paper provides tools for defining and manipulating lax liftings. As a central result, we define a notion of a lax distributive law of a functor over the powerset monad, and show that there is an isomorphism between the lattice of lax liftings and the lattice of lax distributive laws. We also study two functors in detail: (i) we show that the lifting for monotone bisimilarity is the minimal lifting for the monotone neighbourhood functor, and (ii) we show that the lattice of liftings for the (ordinary) neighbourhood functor is isomorphic to P(4), the powerset of a 4-element set.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
title: Facteurs influençant la performance des systèmes de ventilation dans les grands bâtiments
Creators: name: Shaw, C. Y.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Ventilation
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0642
subject: Ventilation
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0642

description: Three strategies for achieving acceptable indoor air quality are ventilation, source control and cleaning/filtration. The performance and energy efficiency of a ventilation system is affected by air distribution, air leakage and local exhaust. Wind blowing around and over a building can play havoc with air distribution. Air leakage can waste much energy. Where a contaminant source such as a photocopier is present, a local exhaust has to be installed, because in such circumstances ventilation alone cannot ensure acceptable air quality. For office buildings and schools, in which occupancy varies over a 24-hour period, demand-control ventilation based on C02 levels may work well.
description: Les trois stratégies permettant d'obtenir une qualité de l'air intérieur acceptable sont la ventilation, le contrôle à la source et la filtration/épuration de l'air. La distribution de l'air, les fuites d'air et l'évacuation locale de l'air jouent un grand rôle sur la performance et sur l'efficacité énergétique d'un système de ventilation. Les vents qui soufflent sur un bâtiment peuvent avoir de sérieuses conséquences sur la distribution d'air. Les fuites d'air peuvent être à l'origine d'importantes pertes d'énergie. Dans un local abritant un agent contaminant comme une photocopieuse, il faut installer une évacuation d'air locale car, dans ce cas, la ventilation seule ne permet pas d'assurer une qualité de l'air intérieur acceptable. Quant aux immeubles de bureaux et aux écoles, dans lesquels l'occupation varie sur 24 heures, une ventilation contrôlée à la demande en fonction du niveau de CO2 semble bien fonctionner.
Anomalous processes with general waiting times: functionals and multi-point structure
Creators: name: Cairoli, Andrea
name: Baule, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many transport processes in nature exhibit anomalous diffusive properties with non-trivial scaling of the mean square displacement, e.g., diffusion of cells or of biomolecules inside the cell nucleus, where typically a crossover between different scaling regimes appears over time. Here, we investigate a class of anomalous diffusion processes that is able to capture such complex dynamics by virtue of a general waiting time distribution. We obtain a complete characterization of such generalized anomalous processes, including their functionals and multi-point structure, using a representation in terms of a normal diffusive process plus a stochastic time change. In particular, we derive analytical closed form expressions for the two-point correlation functions, which can be readily compared with experimental data.
description: Accepted in Phys. Rev. Lett
Universal Properties of Lens Proxy Pullbacks
Creators: name: Di Meglio, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A comprehensive account of the categorical properties of the category of small categories and asymmetric delta lenses is given in the recent works of Chollet et al. and Di Meglio. An important construction for proving many of these properties is Johnson and Rosebrugh's "pullback" of lenses, which we call the proxy pullback of lenses. We give a new treatment of the proxy pullback in terms of compatibility, a stronger notion of commutativity for squares of lenses. The proxy pullback is sometimes, but not always, a real pullback. Using new notions of sync-minimal and independent lens spans, we characterise when a lens span that forms a commuting square with a lens cospan has a comparison lens to a proxy pullback of the cospan.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
title: Conservation genetics of the common dormouse muscardinus avellanarius in UK
Creators: name: Md Naim, Darlina
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: As anthropogenic factors have threaten species worldwide, conservation of a species through ex situ (i. e. captive breeding, reintroduction) provides one of the most powerful tools for species conservation. However, baseline genetic data prior to reintroduction of captive-bred individuals is essential for guiding such efforts, but this has not been gathered previously in the common dormouse, Muscardinus avellanarius. Thus, this thesis provides the first comprehensive study of spatial and temporal patterns of genetic diversity of populations of M. avellanarius in UK, with specific reference to investigate the breeding structure and contemporary and historical patterns of gene flow, both in natural and reintroduced populations. Additionally, this thesis analysed patterns of variation at two regions of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) to broader geographic divergence among UK populations of M avellanarius. The main findings in this thesis are: (1) reproductive behaviour of reintroduced M avellanarius population was retained as in the wild population despite enforced bottleneck during captivity that could change behaviour of a species, (2) both ecological and molecular genetic data provide broadly congruent estimates about the dispersal characteristics of M avellanarius in a large, continuous habitat. A significant isolation-by-distance (IBD) pattern at a fine scale (less than 1 km) was apparent within continuous populations with males more mobile than females (male-biased dispersal), (3) gene flow was generally restricted among separate populations (i. e. between habitat patches) at a scale of 1-10 km, (4) using mtDNA sequence data, three divergent phylogenetic lineages (Northwestern, Central and Southern) were recognized in the UK, implying colonization of the UK from separate refugia (e. g. continental Europe), that probably diverged during the Pleistocene period but prior to the last Ice Age. Interestingly, genealogical evidence revealed that the source populations of captive bred M avellanarius that were released in Wych (northern England) are from the southern UK, thus highlighting the use of genetics for conservation. The results of these studies will not only contribute to the understanding of dispersal characteristics and how this process has structured the populations at small and large scales, but also add significantly to biological and evolutionary understanding on M avellanarius, which can be directly applied to the ongoing conservation and management of this species.
HIV Prevalence and the HIV Treatment Cascade Among Female Sex Workers in Cross-Border Areas in East Africa
Creators: name: Arimi, P.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Weir, S.
name: Markiewicz, M.
name: Mulholland, G.E.
name: Ssengooba, F.
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2022

description: In cross-border areas of East Africa, sexual networks include partnerships across resident, migrant, and mobile populations, and risky behaviors can coincide with fragmented health services given the challenges of cross-border coordination. Among those most at risk are female sex workers (FSWs). We map HIV prevalence among FSWs in 14 cross-border areas, estimate associations between FSW characteristics and HIV and undiagnosed HIV, and estimate progress towards the UNAIDS 90–90–90 targets. The 2016–2017 East Africa Cross-Border Integrated Health Study recruited 4040 women; 786 were classified as FSWs. Overall HIV prevalence among FSWs was 10.8% (95% CI 8.2%, 13.3%), though area-specific estimates varied considerably. Among FSWs living with HIV, 46.1% (95% CI 33.2%, 59.0%) knew their status, 80.6% (95% CI 66.3%, 94.9%) of FSWs who knew their status were on ART, and 84.8% (95% CI 66.1%, 100.0%) of FSWs on ART were virally suppressed. Results indicate a need for expanded HIV testing.
Additional file 1 of Prevalence of adequate postnatal care and associated factors in Rwanda: evidence from the Rwanda demographic health survey 2020
Creators: name: Kawuki, Joseph
name: Gatasi, Ghislaine
name: Sserwanja, Quraish
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Computational and Statistical Boundaries for Submatrix Localization in a Large Noisy Matrix
Creators: name: Cai, T. Tony
name: Liang, Tengyuan
name: Rakhlin, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The interplay between computational efficiency and statistical accuracy in high-dimensional inference has drawn increasing attention in the literature. In this paper, we study computational and statistical boundaries for submatrix localization. Given one observation of (one or multiple non-overlapping) signal submatrix (of magnitude $λ$ and size $k_m \times k_n$) contaminated with a noise matrix (of size $m \times n$), we establish two transition thresholds for the signal to noise $λ/σ$ ratio in terms of $m$, $n$, $k_m$, and $k_n$. The first threshold, $\sf SNR_c$, corresponds to the computational boundary. Below this threshold, it is shown that no polynomial time algorithm can succeed in identifying the submatrix, under the \textit{hidden clique hypothesis}. We introduce adaptive linear time spectral algorithms that identify the submatrix with high probability when the signal strength is above the threshold $\sf SNR_c$. The second threshold, $\sf SNR_s$, captures the statistical boundary, below which no method can succeed with probability going to one in the minimax sense. The exhaustive search method successfully finds the submatrix above this threshold. The results show an interesting phenomenon that $\sf SNR_c$ is always significantly larger than $\sf SNR_s$, which implies an essential gap between statistical optimality and computational efficiency for submatrix localization.
description: 37 pages, 1 figure
title: La mousse de polyuréthane formée in situ, dans les bâtiments
Creators: name: Bomberg, M. T.
name: Kumaran, M. K.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Cellular plastics (plastic foam)
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0712
subject: Conduites en plastique
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0712
subject: Plastic pipe
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC1164
subject: Polymères renforcé de fibres (PRF)
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC1164
subject: Air and vapour barriers
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0310
subject: Pare-vapeur et pare-air
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0310
subject: Foam
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0352
subject: Mousse
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0352

description: Spray-polyurethane foams (SPFs) are thermally efficient and can be sprayed to any thickness to provide the desired thermal resistance. Hence, SPFs have proven themselves as insulation for roofs, walls, ducts and pipes in district heating. They also make good air barriers and vapour retarders. While SPFs may represent an ideal building material, some caveats regarding thermal drift or aging and moisture performance must nevertheless be observed. Designers can mitigate both causes for concern by, among other things, adjusting the thickness of the layer of SPFs to be applied.
description: La mousse de polyuréthane pistolée (MPP) est efficace sur le plan thermique et peut être appliquée en épaisseurs variables de manière à assurer la résistance thermique recherchée. Elle a fait ses preuves comme isolant de toit, de mur, ainsi que de conduits et tuyauterie d'installations de chauffage centralisé. Elle forme aussi de bons pare-air. La MPP peut constituer un matériau de construction idéal, mais il faut prendre garde à certains points, dont la dérive thermique (vieillissement) et la performance hygrométrique de ce type de mousse. Pour remédier en partie à ces problèmes, les concepteurs peuvent notamment faire varier l'épaisseur de la couche de MPP à appliquer.
title: "Who is to say they will not demand our shirts next ..." : a review of the loan collection of the Institute of Archaeology at the University of Liverpool, 1904-1930
Creators: name: Eugene  James, Mac
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis examines the origins and development of the Loan Collection at the Institute of Archaeology (I of A) from 1904 to 1930, at the University of Liverpool. It presents primary material collected from various archives in order to establish how the Loan Collection was assembled, how it developed, and how it changed over the time period under consideration here. As part of this study, a short history of the I of A is presented in order to contextualize the Loan Collection. Points of connection with other university collections are identified and explored in order to help explain the methods used to acquire the artifacts in the Institute's collection. Equally, this work discusses how financial issues that affected the Institute of Archaeology had an impact upon the Loan Collection. Further, this historiography outlines an attempt that was made to takeover the Institute of Archaeology and its Loan Collection in 1906. The thesis shows that this incident required the Institute to define its relationship with the University, besides the collection that it housed. It is also seen that this attempt at a takeover brought into question what the Institute referred to as a 'Museum' between 1904 and 1906. Similarly, this thesis explores a later proposal in 1910 that endeavored to create an alliance between the I of A and the city of Liverpool's Public Museum. Both this latter attempt and the incident that occurred in 1906 are reviewed here as a means of aiding in defining and further contextualizing the Loan Collection. The argument put forward in this thesis is that the Loan Collection held by the Institute of Archaeology was not a museum, and that the way in which the collection was created and assembled over the years under study never provided the space for it to become one.
Canonical Gradings of Monads
Creators: name: Breuvart, Flavien
name: McDermott, Dylan
name: Uustalu, Tarmo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a notion of grading of a monoid T in a monoidal category C, relative to a class of morphisms M (which provide a notion of M-subobject). We show that, under reasonable conditions (including that M forms a factorization system), there is a canonical grading of T. Our application is to graded monads and models of computational effects. We demonstrate our results by characterizing the canonical gradings of a number of monads, for which C is endofunctors with composition. We also show that we can obtain canonical grades for algebraic operations.
description: In Proceedings ACT 2022, arXiv:2307.15519
title: Tenue au feu des éléments de structure en béton haute résistance
Creators: name: Kodur, V. K. R.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: High performance / High strength concrete
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0744
subject: Haute performance / Haute résistance
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0744
subject: Concrete columns
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0481
subject: Poteaux de béton
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0481

description: Owing to its good structural performance, especially in strength and durability, high-strength concrete (HSC) yields increased usable space in a building because columns can be of smaller diameter than those of normal-strength concrete (NSC). It is, however, an advantage that needs to be carefully weighed. Compared to NSC, HSC columns have a lower fire resistance, which is attributable to its thermal and mechanical properties. To exacerbate its lower fire resistance, HSC can also undergo extensive spalling upon exposure to fire. Fortunately, there are ways to improve the fire performance of HSC, for example by adding fibres to the concrete.
description: À cause de son niveau élevé de performance structurale et de sa grande durabilité, le béton haute résistance (BHR) permet d'accroître l'espace utilisable dans un bâtiment car sa résistance à la compression permet de réaliser des poteaux de diamètre réduit par rapport à ceux faits en béton de résistance normale (BRN). Mais attention, c'est un avantage qui doit être soigneusement analysé. Comparés aux poteaux de BRN, les poteaux de BHR présentent une résistance au feu plus faible due aux propriétés thermiques et mécaniques de ce type de béton. Le BHR, sous l'effet du feu, présente aussi des risques d'effritement important. Heureusement, il existe des moyens d'augmenter la résistance au feu du BHR, en ajoutant par exemple des fibres au béton.
Perception of actors in the pineapple production value chain on climate risks and their impacts on the Allada plateau
Creators: name: Julie S. LOKO*
name: Euloge OGOUWALE
name: Barnabé HOUNKANRIN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Allada Plateau, climate risks, Perception, Actors in the production value chain, Pineapple.

description: Abstract: The Allada plateau, a major pineapple producer in Benin, is affected by increasingly pronounced climate variability, manifested among other things by seasonal fluctuation, a variation in the level of sunshine, but also by rainfall and thermal variations, which negatively affect the quantity and quality of pineapple produced according to the perceptions of the actors in the pineapple production value chain.

This study identifies the climate risks faced by actors in the pineapple production value chain according to their perceptions. The data used are primary and secondary data collected from actors in the pineapple production chain of the Allada plateau on the climate risks perceived by the actors and their impact on pineapple production. In total, 235 producers were surveyed in the five pineapple-producing municipalities on the Allada plateau.

Individual interviews using questionnaires and focus group interviews using participatory tools from the Vulnerability and Adaptive Capacity Analysis (CVCA) Framework developed by CARE were used to identify the climate risks faced by the actors. The use of descriptive statistics (mean, frequency, tables and graphs) allowed the processing and analysis of data relating to the perceptions of actors in the production value chain, their impacts and their adaptation measures.

From the analysis of data from the field surveys of this study, it emerges that the climatic risks faced by the actors in the pineapple production value chain are drought, flooding, late and heavy rains and excessive heat.

The causes related to the occurrence of these climate risks according to the actors are among others: disobedience to the deities, non-compliance with social norms, deforestation and the increase in greenhouse gases. Thus, to face the impacts of these climate risks, strategies for prevention and management of climate risks such as crop diversification, fallow, mixed crops, but the impacts of these climate risks still remain. It is therefore necessary to conduct studies to identify and propose appropriate strategies for the prevention and management of climate risks implemented by the actors in the production value chain of the Allada Plateau.
In-situ Raman Spectroscopy of the Graphene / Water Interface of a Solution-Gated Field Effect Transistor: Electron-Phonon Coupling and Spectroelectrochemistry
Creators: name: Binder, J.
name: Urban, J. M.
name: Stepniewski, R.
name: Strupinski, W.
name: Wysmolek, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel measurement approach which combines the electrical characterization of solution-gated field effect transistors based on epitaxial bilayer graphene on 4H-SiC (0001) with simultaneous Raman spectroscopy. By changing the gate voltage, we observed Raman signatures related to the resonant electron-phonon coupling. An analysis of these Raman bands enabled the extraction of the geometrical capacitance of the system and an accurate calculation of the Fermi levels for bilayer graphene. An intentional application of higher gate voltages allowed us to trigger electrochemical reactions, which we followed in-situ by Raman spectroscopy. The reactions showed a partially reversible character, as indicated by an emergence / disappearance of peaks assigned to C-H and Si-H vibration modes as well as an increase / decrease of the defect-related Raman D band intensity. Our setup provides a highly interesting platform for future spectroelectrochemical research on electrically induced sorption processes of graphene on the micrometer scale.
Five-Year Mortality for Adults Entering Human Immunodeficiency Virus Care Under Universal Early Treatment Compared With the General US Population
Creators: name: Zalla, L.
name: Althoff, K.N.
name: Gill, M.J.
name: Silverberg, M.J.
name: Mulholland, G.E.
name: Filiatreau, L.M.
name: Moore, R.D.
name: Kasaie, P.
name: Horberg, M.A.
name: Eron, J.J.
name: Cole, S.R.
name: Sterling, T.R.
name: Marconi, V.C.
name: Thorne, J.E.
name: Rebeiro, P.F.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Breger, T.L.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Background: Mortality among adults with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains elevated over those in the US general population, even in the years after entry into HIV care. We explore whether the elevation in 5-year mortality would have persisted if all adults with HIV had initiated antiretroviral therapy within 3 months of entering care. Methods: Among 82 766 adults entering HIV care at North American AIDS Cohort Collaboration clinical sites in the United States, we computed mortality over 5 years since entry into HIV care under observed treatment patterns. We then used inverse probability weights to estimate mortality under universal early treatment. To compare mortality with those for similar individuals in the general population, we used National Center for Health Statistics data to construct a cohort representing the subset of the US population matched to study participants on key characteristics. Results: For the entire study period (1999-2017), the 5-year mortality among adults with HIV was 7.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.6%-8.2%) higher than expected based on the US general population. Under universal early treatment, the elevation in mortality for people with HIV would have been 7.2% (95% CI: 5.8%-8.6%). In the most recent calendar period examined (2011-2017), the elevation in mortality for people with HIV was 2.6% (95% CI: 2.0%-3.3%) under observed treatment patterns and 2.1% (.0%-4.2%) under universal early treatment. Conclusions: Expanding early treatment may modestly reduce, but not eliminate, the elevation in mortality for people with HIV.
Additional file 1 of A systematic review of economic evaluations of pharmacological treatments for adults with chronic migraine
Creators: name: Khanal, Saval
name: Underwood, Martin
name: Naghdi, Seyran
name: Brown, Anna
name: Duncan, Callum
name: Matharu, Manjit
name: Mistry, Hema
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix 1. MEDLINE Search Strategy.
Viral Load Status Before Switching to Dolutegravir-Containing Antiretroviral Therapy and Associations With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Treatment Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Sohn, A.H.
name: Urassa, M.
name: Wools-Kaloustian, K.K.
name: Musick, B.S.
name: Murenzi, G.
name: Wyka, K.
name: Diero, L.
name: Odhiambo, F.
name: Nash, D.
name: Lelo, P.
name: Kelvin, E.A.
name: Semeere, A.S.
name: Edwards, J.K.
name: Kasozi, C.
name: Romo, M.L.
Publisher: name: Oxford University Press
Year: 2022

description: Background: Dolutegravir is being rolled out globally as part of preferred antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens, including among treatment-experienced patients. The role of viral load (VL) testing before switching patients already on ART to a dolutegravir-containing regimen is less clear in real-world settings. Methods: We included patients from the International epidemiology Databases to Evaluate AIDS consortium who switched from a nevirapine- or efavirenz-containing regimen to one with dolutegravir. We used multivariable cause-specific hazards regression to estimate the association of the most recent VL test in the 12 months before switching with subsequent outcomes. Results: We included 36 393 patients at 37 sites in 5 countries (Democratic Republic of the Congo, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania, Uganda) who switched to dolutegravir from July 2017 through February 2020, with a median follow-up of approximately 11 months. Compared with those who switched with a VL <200 copies/mL, patients without a recent VL test or with a preswitch VL ≥1000 copies/mL had significantly increased hazards of an incident VL ≥1000 copies/mL (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 2.89; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.99-4.19 and aHR, 6.60; 95% CI, 4.36-9.99, respectively) and pulmonary tuberculosis or a World Health Organization clinical stage 4 event (aHR, 4.78; 95% CI, 2.77-8.24 and aHR, 13.97; 95% CI, 6.62-29.50, respectively). Conclusions: A VL test before switching to dolutegravir may help identify patients who need additional clinical monitoring and/or adherence support. Further surveillance of patients who switched to dolutegravir with an unknown or unsuppressed VL is needed.
To Harvest and Jam: A Paradigm of Self-Sustaining Friendly Jammers for Secure AF Relaying
Creators: name: Xing, Hong
name: Wong, Kai-Kit
name: Chu, Zheng
name: Nallanathan, Arumugam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the use of multi-antenna harvest-and-jam (HJ) helpers in a multi-antenna amplify-and-forward (AF) relay wiretap channel assuming that the direct link between the source and destination is broken. Our objective is to maximize the secrecy rate at the destination subject to the transmit power constraints of the AF relay and the HJ helpers. In the case of perfect channel state information (CSI), the joint optimization of the artificial noise (AN) covariance matrix for cooperative jamming and the AF beamforming matrix is studied using semi-definite relaxation (SDR) which is tight, while suboptimal solutions are also devised with lower complexity. For the imperfect CSI case, we provide the equivalent reformulation of the worst-case robust optimization to maximize the minimum achievable secrecy rate. Inspired by the optimal solution to the case of perfect CSI, a suboptimal robust scheme is proposed striking a good tradeoff between complexity and performance. Finally, numerical results for various settings are provided to evaluate the proposed schemes.
description: 16 pages (double column), 8 figures, submitted for possible journal publication
title: Membranes de couverture en polyoléfine thermoplastique
Creators: name: Paroli, Ralph M.
name: Liu, Karen K. Y.
name: Simmons, Terrance R.
Publisher: name: Conseil national de recherches du Canada. Institut de recherche en construction
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Roofs
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0370
subject: Toitures
valueUri: urn:ircsubjects:IRC0370

description: One of the components of a typical low-slope roofing system is the roofing membrane, the sheet that has reinforcing fibres sandwiched between sheets of flexible matrix. Its function is to waterproof the roof. The flexible matrix can be a thermoplastic polyolefin (TPO). TPO roofing membranes have numerous advantages: their seams can be heat-welded, they are resistant to heat, UV and chemicals, and they have good cold-temperature flexibility. The breaking strength of the membrane depends heavily on the number of reinforcing fibre bundles across the width of the membrane.
description: Un des éléments d'un système de couverture classique à faible pente est la membrane d'étanchéité, constituée de fibre ou de toile de renforcement insérée entre deux feuilles de matrice souple. Sa fonction est d'assurer l'étanchéité du toit. La matrice souple peut être en polyoléfine thermoplastique (TPO). Ce type de membrane présente plusieurs avantages dont le thermosoudage des raccords, la résistance à la chaleur, aux UV et aux produits chimiques ainsi qu'une bonne souplesse à basse température. La résistance de la membrane à la rupture dépend grandement du nombre de faisceaux de fibres de renforcement dans la largeur de la membrane.
Additional file 1 of Neuroanatomical regions associated with non-progressive dysarthria post-stroke: a systematic review
Creators: name: Summaka, Marwa
name: Hannoun, Salem
name: Harati, Hayat
name: Daoud, Rama
name: Zein, Hiba
name: Estephan, Elias
name: Naim, Ibrahim
name: Nasser, Zeina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Gapless chiral spin liquid in a kagome Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Bieri, Samuel
name: Messio, Laura
name: Bernu, Bernard
name: Lhuillier, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by recent experiments on the Heisenberg S=1/2 quantum spin liquid candidate material kapellasite, we classify all possible chiral (time-reversal symmetry breaking) spin liquids with fermionic spinons on the kagome lattice. We obtain the phase diagram for the physically relevant extended Heisenberg model, comparing the energies of a wide range of microscopic variational wave functions. We propose that, at low temperature, kapellasite exhibits a gapless chiral spin liquid phase with spinon Fermi surfaces. This two-dimensional state inherits many properties of the nearby one-dimensional phase of decoupled anti-ferromagnetic spin chains, but also shows some remarkable differences. We discuss the spin structure factors and other physical properties.
description: 5+6 pages, 7 figs; refs added, typos corrected; discussion and refs updated, minor corrections; replaced w. published version