cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Falling Into Line: Crises and Opposition Behavior in Authoritarian Legislatures
Creators: name: Hecht, Bryce W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This paper studies the effect of crises on the behavior of co-opted opposition elites in authoritarian legislatures. Crises are dangerous moments in the lives of autocrats, as they create opportunities for elite defections and opposition mobilization. Building on this logic, I argue that autocrats will expect opposition legislators to fall into line with the regime during periods of crisis, as this projects an aura of elite unity and regime invincibility. By contrast, they will be more willing to tolerate dissent during normal times, when the costs of opposition are lower and the need to bolster the regime’s democratic credentials is higher. However, whether opposition elites comply with the autocrat’s demands is a function of the severity of the crisis and the extent to which their political survival depends on the regime remaining in power. Evidence for this argument comes from a quantitative text analysis of all floor speeches given in the Sixth Convocation of the Russian State Duma before and after the 2014 Ukraine crisis (n = 54,827). I find partial support for my theory. While there was significant heterogeneity in how opposition elites and members of the ruling party spoke about key policy domains in the period before the crisis, their rhetoric on a range of contentious political issues--especially those directly related to the situation, such as Ukraine--converged in its aftermath.
Implementation of the Structural Funds in the Sector of Arts and Culture in Poland in 2007 2013
Creators: name: Małgorzata Sikora-Gaca
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160699 Political Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Political science

description: The purpose of the following article is to analyze the implementation of Structural Funds in the Arts and Culture Sector of in Poland in the years 2007-2013. The subject of the study consists of 980 contracted projects implemented in 2007-2013 in 16 provinces. We have selected only those that have been co-financed from the Structural Funds, namely the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), from which 4,93 billion zł funding had been acquired for the mentioned 980 projects. The largest number of investments was realized in the Silesian province – 135, and the least in the Lubusz – 10. The largest share in the disbursement of structural funds was in the Mazovian province – 797,2 million zł.
Vortex weighing and dating of planets in protoplanetary discs
Creators: name: Rafikov, Roman R.
name: Cimerman, Nicolas P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution sub-mm observations of some protoplanetary discs reveal non-asixymmetric features, which can often be interpreted as dust concentrations in vortices that form at the edges of gaps carved out by the embedded planets. We use recent results on the timescale for the planet-driven vortex development in low-viscosity discs to set constraints on the mass and age of a planet producing the vortex. Knowledge of the age of the central star in a vortex-bearing protoplanetary disc system allows one to set a lower limit on the planetary mass at the level of several tens of $M_\oplus$. Also, an independent upper limit on the planetary mass would constrain the planetary age, although given the current direct imaging detection limits this constraint is not yet very stringent (it is also sensitively dependent on the disc scale height). These results can be extended to account for the history of planetary mass accretion if it is known. We apply our calculations to several protoplanetary discs harbouring vortex-like features as revealed by ALMA and set limits of $(30-50)M_\oplus$ (for disc aspect ratio of $0.1$) on the minimum masses of putative planets that could be responsible for these vortices. Our vortex-based method provides an independent way of constraining the properties of embedded planets, complementary to other approaches.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, MNRAS, in press
Depletion of nonlinearity in two-dimensional turbulence
Creators: name: Pushkarev, Andrey
name: Bos, Wouter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strength of the nonlinearity is measured in decaying two-dimensional turbulence, by comparing its value to that found in a Gaussian field. It is shown how the nonlinearity drops following a two-step process. First a fast relaxation is observed on a timescale comparable to the time of for-mation of vortical structures, then at long times the nonlinearity relaxes further during the phase when the eddies merge to form the final dynamic state of decay. Both processes seem roughly independent of the value of the Reynolds number.
Trustworthy Artificial Intelligence Systems Engineering: Konzeption und Implementierung vertrauenswürdiger KI-Systeme
Creators: name: Rebstadt, Jonas
Publisher: name: Universität Osnabrück
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Künstliche Intelligenz
subject: Vertrauenswürdigkeit
subject: Transparenz
subject: Nichtdiskriminierung
subject: Datenschutz
subject: 004 - Informatik
subject: 85.20 - Betriebliche Information und Kommunikation

description: In den vergangenen Jahren wurden zahlreiche Ansätze in dem Gebiet der Künstlichen Intel-ligenz (KI) entwickelt und auch in die Praxis übertragen, sodass bereits konkrete Mehrwer-te für Unternehmen, in der Forschung und für die Gesellschaft geschaffen werden. Bei der Etablierung dieser Systeme ergeben sich jedoch Herausforderungen wie eine fehlende Transparenz oder auch die Verstärkung von Diskriminierungen. Prinzipien und Konzepte Vertrauenswürdiger oder auch ethischer KI bieten hierzu zwar bereits abstrakte Ansätze, es fehlen jedoch an vielen Stellen noch Konkretisierungen und praktisch anwendbare Hand-lungsempfehlungen. Im Zuge dieser Dissertation wurde mit der Konkretisierung von drei zentralen Prinzipien Vertrauenswürdiger KI, nämlich Transparenz, Nicht-Diskriminierung und Datenschutz, ein wichtiger Schritt für die Etablierung von Vertrauenswürdigen KI-Systemen erzielt. Aufsetzend auf praktischen Umsetzungen in den Domänen Wirtschafts-prüfung und Smart Living wurde eine Grundlage für die Entwicklung von KI-Systemen in Regulatorik-geprägten Domänen gelegt, welche sich durch die im Allgemeinen stark wach-senden regulatorischen Anforderungen auch auf andere Bereiche übertragen lässt, um Mehrwerte für eine Vielzahl von Unternehmen zu schaffen.
Harmonic and Spectral Analysis of Abstract Parabolic Operators in Homogeneous Function Spaces
Creators: name: Baskakov, Anatoly G.
name: Krishtal, Ilya A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use methods of harmonic analysis and group representation theory to study the spectral properties of the abstract parabolic operator $\mathscr L = -d/dt+A$ in homogeneous function spaces. We provide sufficient conditions for invertibility of such operators in terms of the spectral properties of the operator $A$ and the semigroup generated by $A$. We introduce a homogeneous space of functions with absolutely summable spectrum and prove a generalization of the Gearhart-Prüss Theorem for such spaces. We use the results to prove existence and uniqueness of solutions of a certain class of non-linear equations.
Additional file 1 of Identification of RNA reads encoding different channels in isolated rat ventricular myocytes and the effect of cell stretching on L-type Ca2+current
Creators: name: Kamkin, Andre G.
name: Kamkina, Olga V.
name: Kazansky, Viktor E.
name: Mitrokhin, Vadim M.
name: Bilichenko, Andrey
name: Nasedkina, Elizaveta A.
name: Shileiko, Stanislav A.
name: Rodina, Anastasia S.
name: Zolotareva, Alexandra D.
name: Zolotarev, Valentin I.
name: Sutyagin, Pavel V.
name: Mladenov, Mitko I.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplementary Material 1
Evaluation of a Respiration Rate Sensor for Recording Tidal Volume in Calves under Field Conditions
Creators: name: Dißmann, Lena
name: Reinhold, Petra
name: Smith, Hans-Jürgen
name: Amon, Thomas
name: Sergeeva, Alisa
name: Hoffmann, Gundula
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: tidal volume
subject: pressure
subject: respiration rate sensor
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: In the assessment of pulmonary function in health and disease, both respiration rate (RR) and tidal volume (Vt) are fundamental parameters of spontaneous breathing. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether an RR sensor, which was previously developed for cattle, is suitable for additional measurements of Vt in calves. This new method would offer the opportunity to measure Vt continuously in freely moving animals. To measure Vt noninvasively, the application of a Lilly-type pneumotachograph implanted in the impulse oscillometry system (IOS) was used as the gold standard method. For this purpose, we applied both measuring devices in different orders successively, for 2 days on 10 healthy calves. However, the Vt equivalent (RR sensor) could not be converted into a true volume in mL or L. For a reliable recording of the Vt equivalent, a technical revision of the RR sensor excluding artifacts is required. In conclusion, converting the pressure signal of the RR sensor into a flow equivalent, and subsequently into a volume equivalent, by a comprehensive analysis, provides the basis for further improvement of the measuring system.
Additional file 1 of DeepGAMI: deep biologically guided auxiliary learning for multimodal integration and imputation to improve genotype–phenotype prediction
Creators: name: Chandrashekar, Pramod Bharadwaj
name: Alatkar, Sayali
name: Wang, Jiebiao
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: He, Chenfeng
name: Jin, Ting
name: Khullar, Saniya
name: Bendl, Jaroslav
name: Fullard, John F.
name: Roussos, Panos
name: Wang, Daifeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig S1. Independent validation performance comparison on schizophrenia cohort with genotype and bulk tissue gene expression. Fig S2. Kolmogorov-smirnov (k.s.) test comparison of classification accuracy for Alzheimer’s disease cohort. Fig S3. Performance comparison of DeepGAMI with oversampling, without- oversampling, and binary classification on Patch-seq mouse visual cortex data. Fig S4. Integrated Gradient results for Patch-seq mouse visual cortex data. Fig S5. Independent validation performance comparison on schizophrenia cohort with genotype and celltype gene expression. Fig S6. Performance of DeepGAMI with its variations on ablation study across all classification tasks. Fig S7. Multiclass classification of AD phenotype (COGDX score: No CI, Mild CI, and CI) using methylation and gene expression data from ROSMAP cohort. Fig S8. Runtime comparison of DeepGAMI with MOGONET and Varmole on varying input feature sizes.
Learning and interpreting the galaxy-halo connection in cosmic simulations
Creators: name: Chittenden, Harry George
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Galaxies
subject: Astrophysics
subject: Cosmology
subject: Dark matter
subject: Dark matter halos
subject: Machine learning
subject: Galaxy evolution
subject: Cosmological simulations
subject: Artificial intelligence
subject: QB857.5H34C5
subject: Galaxies
subject: Galactic halos
subject: Astrophysics
subject: Cosmology

description: In modern galactic astronomy, cosmological simulations and observational galaxy surveys work hand in hand, offering valuable insights into the historical evolution of galaxies on both cosmological scales and an individual basis. As dark matter halos constitute a significant portion of the mass in galaxies, clusters, and cosmic structures, they profoundly impact the properties of galaxies. This relationship is known as the galaxy-halo connection. Galaxies possess a complex nature necessitating computationally intensive modelling. Accurately and consistently modelling galaxy-halo coevolution across all scales thus presents a challenge, and compromises are usually made between simulation size and resolution. However, it is possible to conduct pure dark matter simulations on larger scales, requiring a fraction of the power of complete simulations. As observational surveys expand in size and detail, however, simulations of this magnitude become crucial in supporting their findings, surpassing the limitations of galaxy simulations. In this thesis, I present a machine learning model which encodes the galaxy-halo connection within a cosmohydrodynamical simulation. This model predicts the star formation and metallicity of galaxies over time, from properties of their halos and cosmic environment. These predictions are used to emulate observational data using spectral synthesis models, and subsequently the model is applied to a large dark matter simulation. Through these predictions, the model replicates the correlations responsible for galaxy evolution, as well as observable quantities reflecting this galaxy-halo connection, with similar results in dark matter simulations. The model computes accurate galaxy-halo statistics and reveals important physical relationships; specifically, variables associated with halo accretion influence a galaxy's mass and star formation, while environmental variables are linked to its metallicity. While the predictions from dark matter simulations are reasonably accurate, they are affected by the absence of baryonic processes, the resolution of the simulation, and the calculation of halo properties.
Detection of Ransomware by Analyzing Network Traffic Using Machine Learning
Creators: name: Osawere, Janet
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460401
subject: Cryptography
classificationCode: 460402
subject: Data and information privacy
classificationCode: 460403
subject: Data security and protection
classificationCode: 460407
subject: System and network security
classificationCode: 460499
subject: Cybersecurity and privacy not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460501
subject: Data engineering and data science
classificationCode: 460599
subject: Data management and data science not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 460601
subject: Cloud computing
classificationCode: 460609
subject: Networking and communications
classificationCode: 460904
subject: Information security management
classificationCode: 460908
subject: Information systems organisation and management
classificationCode: 461199
subject: Machine learning not elsewhere classified

description: Ransomware has been in existence for the last decade. However, the growing number ofprominent ransomware attacks has increased concerns about defending against this type of malware (Kharraz et al., 2018). In May 2021, a ransomware attack led one of the nation’s biggest fuel pipeline operators to shut down its entire network in the United States (Nakashima et al., 2021). Ransomware encrypts file systems to extort ransom from the user. Malicious traffic significantly affects the overall performance of various systems due to integration of network- based devices in various applications (Saxe & Berlin, 2015), (Arra & Devi, 2021).This research answers how effectively network traffic features can be utilized in detecting ransomware using machine learning techniques. The study aims to detect ransomware by analyzing network traffic using machine learning algorithms and comparing their detection performances. We have developed multi-class classification models to detect families of ransomware using the selected network traffic features, focusing on the Transmission control protocol (TCP). Our experiment showed that decision trees performed best for classifying ransomware families with 99.83% accuracy, which is slightly better than the random forest algorithm with 99.61% accuracy. The experimental result without feature selection classified six ransomware families with high accuracy. On the other hand, classifiers with feature selection gave nearly the same result as those without feature selection. However, using feature selection gives the advantage of lower memory usage and reduced processing time, thereby increasing speed. We discovered following ten important features for detecting ransomware: time delta, frame length, IP length, IP destination, IP source, TCP length, TCP sequence, TCP next sequence, TCP header length, and TCP initial round trip.
Preparatory Slip in Laboratory Faults: Effects of Roughness and Load Point Velocity
Creators: name: Guérin-Marthe, Simon
name: Kwiatek, Grzegorz
name: Wang, Lei
name: Bonnelye, Audrey
name: Martínez-Garzón, Patricia
name: Dresen, Georg
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: rock friction
subject: roughness
subject: dynamic rupture
subject: acoustic emissions
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Aseismic slip may occur during a long preparatory phase preceding earthquakes, and what controls it remains poorly understood. In this study, we explored the role of load point velocity and surface roughness on slow slip during the preparatory stage prior to stick-slip events. To that end, we conducted displacement-rate controlled friction experiments by imposing varying load point velocities on sawcut granite samples with different surface roughness at a confining pressure of 35 MPa. We measured the average slip along the fault with the recorded far-field displacements and strain changes, while acoustic emission sensors and local strain gages were used to capture local slip variations. We found that the average amount of aseismic slip during the preparatory stage increases with roughness, whereas precursory slip duration decreases with increased load point velocity. These results reveal a complex slip pattern on rough faults which leads to dynamic ruptures at high load point velocities.
Several classical identities via Mellin's transform
Creators: name: Boyadzhiev, Khristo N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11M35, 30E20, 33B15, 33C45, 33A65, 44A20

description: We present a summation rule using the Mellin transform to give short proofs of some important classical relations between special functions and Bernoulli and Euler polynomials. For example, the values of the Hurwitz zeta function at the negative integers are expressed in terms of Bernoulli polynomials. We also show identities involving exponential and Hermite polynomials.
Deuteron form factors in a phenomenological approach
Creators: name: Liang, Cuiying
name: Dong, Yubing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic form factors of the deuteron, particularly the quadrupole form factor, are studied with a help of a phenomenological Lagrangian approach where the vertex of the deuteron-proton-neutron with $D$-state contribution is explicitly taken into account. The result shows the importance of this contribution to the quadrupole form factor in the approach.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1309.5425
Moral Character in Negotiation
Creators: name: Morse, Lily
name: Cohen, Taya
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 220102 Business Ethics
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: In this article, we discuss the role of moral character in negotiation and identify open questions and promising directions for future scholars to explore. We advance research in this area by introducing a dyadic model of moral character in negotiation, which highlights the joint influence of each party’s moral character on negotiation attitudes, motives, and behaviors. We discuss the implications of our model and conclude that personality science, and especially the study of moral character, has great potential to enhance research and practice in negotiations. Our hope is that this work will accelerate theoretical development and empirical studies that address the question of how moral character influences negotiation processes and outcomes—from pre-negotiation (e.g., planning, selecting negotiating partners) to actual bargaining (e.g., bargaining tactics, concessions) and finally, post-negotiation (e.g., deal implementation, long-term consequences, relationship building and maintenance, reputations)—and provide a springboard for future studies on this topic.
Fe3+-hydroxide ligation in the superoxide reductase from Desulfoarculus baarsii is associated with pH dependent spectral changes
Creators: name: Mathé, Christelle
name: Nivière, Vincent
name: Mattioli, Tony A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superoxide reductase (SOR) catalyzes the reduction of O2*- to H2O2. Its active site consists of a non-heme Fe2+ center in an unusual square-pyramidal [His4 Cys] coordination. Like many SORs, the electronic absorption band corresponding to the oxidized active site of the SOR from Desulfoarculus baarsii exhibits a pH-dependent alkaline transition changing from ca. 644 to 560 nm as the pH increases and with an apparent pKa of 9.0. Variants in which the conserved amino acids glutamate 47 and lysine 48 were replaced by the neutral residues alanine (E47A) and isoleucine (K48I), respectively, exhibited the same alkaline transition but at lower apparent pKa values of 6.7 and 7.6, respectively. Previous work [Nivi{è}re, V.; Asso, M.; Weill, C. O.; Lombard, M.; Guigliarelli, B.; Favaudon, V.; Hou{é}e-Levin, C. Biochemistry 2004, 43, 808-818] has shown that this alkaline transition is associated with the protonation/deprotonation of an unidentified base, B-, which is neither E47 nor K48. In this work, we show by resonance Raman spectroscopy that at basic pH a high-spin Fe3+-OH species is formed at the active site. The presence of the HO- ligand was directly associated with an absorption band maximum at 560 nm, whereas upon protonation, the band shifts to 644 nm. With respect to our previous work, B- can be identified with this high-spin Fe3+-OH species, which upon protonation results in a water molecule at the active site. Implications for the SOR catalytic cycle are proposed.
Convergences: Remembering and Recounting the Civil Rights Movement Through the Story of Nineteen Rabbis in Birmingham, Alabama, 1963
Creators: name: Norman, Margaret Weinberg
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: On May 8 1963, nineteen rabbis flew to Birmingham, Alabama from a Rabbinical Assembly meeting in the Catskills to support ongoing struggles for civil and human rights. These rabbis arrived at a turning point in the local and national movement and clashed with representatives from the Birmingham Jewish community, who disagreed on the issue of visible Jewish participation. I explore this event and its subsequent recalling and recounting, demonstrating that a deep understanding of the dynamics, tensions and contexts surrounding this story offers new insights into the relationship between American Jewish communities to the civil rights movement, and to each other, within this momentous era of change. Drawing a connection between past and present, I argue for the inclusion of this story within explorations of the civil rights era in Birmingham, Alabama and within American Jewish recounting of the civil rights movement.
Additional file 2 of DeepGAMI: deep biologically guided auxiliary learning for multimodal integration and imputation to improve genotype–phenotype prediction
Creators: name: Chandrashekar, Pramod Bharadwaj
name: Alatkar, Sayali
name: Wang, Jiebiao
name: Hoffman, Gabriel E.
name: He, Chenfeng
name: Jin, Ting
name: Khullar, Saniya
name: Bendl, Jaroslav
name: Fullard, John F.
name: Roussos, Panos
name: Wang, Daifeng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2: Table S1. List of all hyperparameters used in DeepGAMI. Table S2. Summary table of the total number of trainable parameters for each dataset. Table S3. Summary table showing features and class labels for different available phenotypes for ROSMAP AD dataset. Table S4. Balanced accuracy comparison for ROSMAP AD dataset. Table S5. Balanced accuracy comparison for Patch-seq dataset. Table S6. Summary table of the features for cell-type-specific Schizophrenia dataset. Table S7. Binary Classification results for cell-type-specific Schizophrenia dataset.
A Connection between Obscuration and Star Formation in Luminous Quasars
Creators: name: Chen, Chien-Ting J.
name: Hickox, Ryan C.
name: Alberts, Stacey
name: Harrison, Chris M.
name: Alexander, David M.
name: Assef, Roberto
name: Brown, Michael J. I.
name: Del Moro, Agnese
name: Forman, William R.
name: Gorjian, Varoujan
name: Goulding, Andrew D.
name: Hainline, Kevin N.
name: Jones, Christine
name: Kochanek, Christopher S.
name: Murray, Stephen S.
name: Pope, Alexandra
name: Rovilos, Emmanouel
name: Stern, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a measurement of the star formation properties of a uniform sample of mid-IR selected, unobscured and obscured quasars (QSO1s and QSO2s) in the Boötes survey region. We use an spectral energy distribution (SED) analysis for photometric data spanning optical to far-IR wavelengths to decompose AGN and host galaxy components. We find that when compared to a matched sample of QSO1s, the QSO2s have higher far-IR detection fractions, far-IR fluxes and infrared star formation luminosities ($L_{\rm IR}^{\rm SF}$) by a factor of $\sim2$. Correspondingly, we show that the AGN obscured fraction rises from 0.3 to 0.7 between $4-40\times10^{11}L_\odot$. We also find evidence associating the absorption in the X-ray emission with the presence of far-IR emitting dust. Overall, these results are consistent with galaxy evolution models in which quasar obscurations can be associated with a dust-enshrouded starburst galaxies.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Rationalizing the Optimization of Detergents for Membrane Protein Purification
Creators: name: Urner, Leonhard H.
name: Junge, Florian
name: Fiorentino, Francesco
name: El-Baba, Tarick J.
name: Shutin, Denis
name: Nölte, Gideon
name: Haag, Rainer
name: Robinson, Carol V.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: detergent
subject: HLB
subject: lipid
subject: membrane
subject: protein
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Membrane protein purification by means of detergents is key to isolating membrane-bound therapeutic targets. The role of the detergent structure in this process, however, is not well understood. Detergents are optimized empirically, leading to failed preparations, and thereby raising costs. Here we evaluate the utility of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) concept, which was introduced by Griffin in 1949, for guiding the optimization of the hydrophobic tail in first-generation, dendritic oligoglycerol detergents ([G1] OGDs). Our findings deliver qualitative HLB guidelines for rationalizing the optimization of detergents. Moreover, [G1] OGDs exhibit strongly delipidating properties, regardless of the structure of the hydrophobic tail, which delivers a methodological enabling step for investigating binding strengths of endogenous lipids and their role for membrane protein oligomerization. Our findings will facilitate the analysis of challenging drug targets in the future.
On the thermal impact on the excavation damaged zone around deep radioactive waste disposal
Creators: name: Delage, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clays and claystones are considered in some countries (including Belgium, France and Switzerland) as a potential host rock for high activity long lived radioactive waste disposal at great depth. One of the aspects to deal with in performance assessment is related to the effects on the host rock of the temperature elevation due to the placement of exothermic wastes. The potential effects of the thermal impact on the excavated damaged zone in the close field are another important issue that was the goal of the TIMODAZ European research project. In this paper, some principles of waste disposal in clayey host rocks at great depth are first presented and a series of experimental investigations carried out on specific equipment specially developed to face the problem are presented. Both drained and undrained tests have been developed to investigate the drained thermal volume changes of clays and claystone and the thermal pressurization occurring around the galleries. This importance of proper initial saturation (under in-situ stresses) and of satisfactory drainage conditions (in spite of the significantly low permeability of claystones) is emphasized, leading to the development of a new hollow cylinder apparatus. It is observed that claystones cannot be considered as overconsolidated clays given that they can exhibit, as the Callovo-Oxfordian claystone does, a thermoplastic contraction. Mechanical and thermal hardening are however observed, extending to claystones the knowledge already gained on clays. A new method of determining in the laboratory the thermal pressurization coefficient is described and the data obtained allow completing existing data in the field. Finally, the hollow cylinder apparatus makes it possible to demonstrate that the good self-sealing properties of clays and claystones can be extended to temperature effects, an important conclusion in terms of performance assessment.
Data from: Three newly described species of Ziziphus from Maharashtra, India based on morphological and molecular evidence
Creators: name: Gholave, Avinash R.
name: Tamboli, Asif S.
name: Islam, Melissa B.
name: Kadam, Suhas K.
name: Gaikwad, Sayajirao P.
name: Govindwar, Sanjay P.
name: Choo, Yeon-Sik
name: Pak, Jae Hong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Ziziphus
ITS
trnLF

description: Three new species of Ziziphus (Rhamnaceae) from Maharashtra, India, Z. bhandarii Gholave & S.P.Gaikwad, Z. naikii Gholave & S.P.Gaikwad, and Z. bhansalii Gholave & S.P.Gaikwad are described here. These species occur in isolated fragments of the Deccan thorn scrub forest ecoregion on the Deccan plateau. Their placement in Ziziphus is confirmed by molecular analyses combining ITS and trnL-F regions. Given this phylogeny is the most robust to date of Ziziphus, a previously proposed intrageneric classification was tested, and the classification was not supported suggesting a need for additional investigations in this genus. The new species are most closely related to three Indian species, Z. horrida Roth, Z. xylopyrus (Retz.) Willd., and Z. caracutta Buch.-Ham. ex Roxb, respectively, which are morphologically similar and sympatric, and are distinguishable from known species based on several vegetative and reproductive characteristics presented here. A diagnostic key to the Ziziphus species known to occur in Maharashtra is provided.
description: Funding provided by: Science and Engineering Research BoardCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001843Award Number: SERB/ PDF/2016/001910
Funding provided by: National Research Foundation of KoreaCrossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003725Award Number: NRF-2016R1A6A1A05011910
description: Please see the accompanying published article: Gholave et al. (2023). Three Newly Described Species of Ziziphus from Maharashtra, India Based on Morphological and Molecular Evidence. Systematic Botany.
Who is Trustworthy?  Predicting Trustworthy Intentions and Behavior
Creators: name: Levine, Emma E.
name: T. Bradford Bitterly
name: Cohen, Taya
name: Schweitzer, Maurice E.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 220102 Business Ethics
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: Existing trust research has disproportionately focused on what makes people more or less trusting, and has largely ignored the question of what makes people more or less trustworthy. In this investigation, we deepen our understanding of trustworthiness. Across six studies using economic games that measure trustworthy behavior and survey items that measure trustworthy intentions, we explore the personality traits that predict trustworthiness. We demonstrate that guilt-proneness predicts trustworthiness better than a variety of other personality measures, and we identify sense of interpersonal responsibility as the underlying mechanism by both measuring it and manipulating it directly. People who are high in guilt-proneness are more likely to be trustworthy than are individuals who are low in guilt-proneness, but they are not universally more generous. We demonstrate that people high in guilt-proneness are more likely to behave in interpersonally sensitive ways when they are more responsible for others’ outcomes. We also explore potential interventions to increase trustworthiness. Our findings fill a significant gap in the trust literature by building a foundation for investigating trustworthiness, by identifying a trait predictor of trustworthy intentions and behavior, and by providing practical advice for deciding in whom we should place our trust.
Reaction of the desulfoferrodoxin from Desulfoarculus baarsii with superoxide anion. Evidence for a superoxide reductase activity
Creators: name: Lombard, M
name: Fontecave, M
name: Touati, D
name: Nivière, V
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Desulfoferrodoxin is a small protein found in sulfate-reducing bacteria that contains two independent mononuclear iron centers, one ferric and one ferrous. Expression of desulfoferrodoxin from Desulfoarculus baarsii has been reported to functionally complement a superoxide dismutase deficient Escherichia coli strain. To elucidate by which mechanism desulfoferrodoxin could substitute for superoxide dismutase in E. coli, we have purified the recombinant protein and studied its reactivity toward O-(2). Desulfoferrodoxin exhibited only a weak superoxide dismutase activity (20 units mg(-1)) that could hardly account for its antioxidant properties. UV-visible and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy studies revealed that the ferrous center of desulfoferrodoxin could specifically and efficiently reduce O-(2), with a rate constant of 6-7 x 10(8) M(-1) s(-1). In addition, we showed that membrane and cytoplasmic E. coli protein extracts, using NADH and NADPH as electron donors, could reduce the O-(2) oxidized form of desulfoferrodoxin. Taken together, these results strongly suggest that desulfoferrodoxin behaves as a superoxide reductase enzyme and thus provide new insights into the biological mechanisms designed for protection from oxidative stresses.
Spanish Teacher Attitudes Toward Gender-Neutral Spanish Forms
Creators: name: Hiers, Jolie Emerson
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This thesis examined sociolinguistic attitudes of Spanish teachers in the US regarding inclusive gender-neutral language forms, -x, -@ and -e and the novel third person singular pronoun elle. This is a relatively understudied area, especially within the classroom setting. However, nonbinary visibility and acceptance has been on the rise in the US in recent years. It follows that many members of the nonbinary student population in the US will enroll in Spanish courses during their education, and teachers of Spanish will need to be prepared to recognize nonbinary identities in the Spanish language. However, the attitudes held by Spanish teachers regarding nonbinary or gender-neutral language remain largely unexamined. Results of the study indicate that participant attitudes are, on the whole, quite positive and that –e is the preferred form among teachers. However, the demographic variables of age, gender, and LGBTQ+ identity have noticeable effects on teacher attitudes regarding these forms.
Bilinear Majorana representations for spin operators with spin magnitudes S>1/2
Creators: name: Schaden, Yannik
name: Reuther, Johannes
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fermions
subject: Majorana fermions
subject: Quantum spin models
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: We present a classification of bilinear Majorana representations for spin-S operators, based on the real irreducible matrix representations of SU(2). We identify two types of such representations: While the first type can be straightforwardly mapped onto standard complex fermionic representations of spin-S operators, the second type realizes spin amplitudes S=s(s+1)/4 with s∈N and can be considered particularly efficient in representing spins via fermions. We show that for s=1 and s=2 this second type reproduces known spin-1/2 and spin-3/2 Majorana representations and we prove that these are the only bilinear Majorana representations that do not introduce any unphysical spin sectors. While for s>2, additional unphysical spin spaces are unavoidable they are less numerous than for more standard complex fermionic representations and carry comparatively small spin amplitudes. We apply our Majorana representations to exactly solvable small spin clusters and confirm that their low-energy properties remain unaffected by unphysical spin sectors, making our representations useful for auxiliary-particle based methods.
Fiber Bundle model with Highly Disordered Breaking Thresholds
Creators: name: Roy, Chandreyee
name: Kundu, Sumanta
name: Manna, S. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the fiber bundle model using equal load sharing dynamics where the breaking thresholds of the fibers are drawn randomly from a power law distribution of the form $p(b)\sim b^{-1}$ in the range $10^{-β}$ to $10^β$. Tuning the value of $β$ continuously over a wide range, the critical behavior of the fiber bundle has been studied both analytically as well as numerically. Our results are: (i) The critical load $σ_c(β,N)$ for the bundle of size $N$ approaches its asymptotic value $σ_c(β)$ as $σ_c(β,N) = σ_c(β)+AN^{-1/ν(β)}$ where $σ_c(β)$ has been obtained analytically as $σ_c(β) = 10^β/(2βe\ln10)$ for $β\geq β_u = 1/(2\ln10)$, and for $β
description: 7 pages, 7 figures
Cobertura de los identificadores persistentes (PID) para artículos científicos en Latinoamérica
Creators: name: Authier, Carlos Norberto
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Identificadores persistentes, PID, DOI, ARK, Persistentidentifiers

description: Aborda el estado actual relevado en Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) al 16 de julio de 2022. En el mismo es posible obtener los datos públicos de las revistas científicas en formato JSON (Java Script Object Notation) que son volcados semanalmente. El directorio incluye los datos de 130 países en 80 idiomas y al día indicado releva los datos de 18.141 revistas. DOAJ es un directorio en línea que brinda acceso a revistas revisadas por pares de alta calidad y acceso abierto. Todos los datos están disponibles gratuitamente. De la base de datos se seleccionaron los países latinoamericanos y se contabilizaron las revistas que contaban con identificadores persistentes. De los datos obtenidos es posible comprobar que un 54% de las revistas latinoamericanas no cuentan con ningún identificador persistente. Los países relevados son los siguientes: Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, República Dominicana, Ecuador, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, México, Nicaragua, Panamá, Paraguay, Perú, Puerto Rico, Uruguay y Venezuela.
Serum Free Zinc Is Associated With Vaccination Response to SARS-CoV-2
Creators: name: Chillon, Thilo Samson
name: Maares, Maria
name: Demircan, Kamil
name: Hackler, Julian
name: Sun, Qian
name: Heller, Raban A.
name: Diegmann, Joachim
name: Bachmann, Manuel
name: Moghaddam, Arash
name: Haase, Hajo
name: Schomburg, Lutz
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit
subject: COVID-19
subject: trace element
subject: antibody
subject: immunoglobulin
subject: vaccine
subject: diagnostics
subject: free zinc
subject: COVID-19 vaccination

description: Background: Zinc (Zn) is an essential trace element with high relevance for the immune system, and its deficiency is associated with elevated infection risk and severe disease course. The association of Zn status with the immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination is unknown. Methods: A cohort of adult health care workers (n=126) received two doses of BNT162B2, and provided up to four serum samples over a time course of 6 months. Total SARS-CoV-2 IgG and neutralizing antibody potency was determined, along with total as well as free Zn concentrations. Results: The SARS-CoV-2 antibodies showed the expected rise in response to vaccination, and decreased toward the last sampling point, with highest levels measured three weeks after the second dose. Total serum Zn concentrations were relatively stable over time, and showed no significant association with SARS-CoV-2 antibodies. Baseline total serum Zn concentration and supplemental intake of Zn were both unrelated to the antibody response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination. Time resolved analysis of free Zn indicated a similar dynamic as the humoral response. A positive correlation was observed between free Zn concentrations and both the induced antibodies and neutralizing antibody potency. Conclusion: While the biomarkers of Zn status and supplemental Zn intake appeared unrelated to the humoral immune response to SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, the observed correlation of free Zn to the induced antibodies indicates a diagnostic value of this novel biomarker for the immune system.
HETDEX Public Source Catalog 1: 220K Sources Including Over 50K Lyman Alpha Emitters from an Untargeted Wide-area Spectroscopic Survey
Creators: name: Cooper, Erin Mentuch
name: Gebhardt, Karl
name: Davis, Dustin
name: Farrow, Daniel J.
name: Liu, Chenxu
name: Zeimann, Gregory
name: Ciardullo, Robin
name: Feldmeier, John J.
name: Drory, Niv
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Benda, Barbara
name: Bowman, William P.
name: Boylan-Kolchin, Michael
name: Ortiz, Oscar A. Chavez
name: Debski, Maya H.
name: Dentler, Mona
name: Fabricius, Maximilian
name: Farooq, Rameen
name: Finkelstein, Steven L.
name: Gawiser, Eric
name: Gronwall, Caryl
name: Hill, Gary J.
name: Hopp, Ulrich
name: House, Lindsay R.
name: Janowiecki, Steven
name: Khoraminezhad, Hasti
name: Kollatschny, Wolfram
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
name: Landriau, Martin
name: Niemeyer, Maja Lujan
name: Lee, Hanshin
name: MacQueen, Phillip
name: Mawatari, Ken
name: McKay, Brianna
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Poppe, Jennifer
name: Saito, Shun
name: Schneider, Donald P.
name: Snigula, Jan
name: Thomas, Benjamin P.
name: Tuttle, Sarah
name: Urrutia, Tanya
name: Weiss, Laurel
name: Wisotzki, Lutz
name: Zhang, Yechi
name: collaboration, The HETDEX
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first publicly released catalog of sources obtained from the Hobby-Eberly Telescope Dark Energy Experiment (HETDEX). HETDEX is an integral field spectroscopic survey designed to measure the Hubble expansion parameter and angular diameter distance at 1.88
description: 38 pages, 20 figures. Data access and details about the catalog can be found online at http://hetdex.org/. A copy of the catalogs presented in this work (Version 3.2) is available to download at Zenodo doi:10.5281/zenodo.7448504
Equilibrium phases of two-dimensional bosons in quasi-periodic lattices
Creators: name: Zhang, C.
name: Safavi-Naini, A.
name: Capogrosso-Sansone, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on results of Quantum Monte Carlo simulations for bosons in a two dimensional quasi-periodic optical lattice. We study the ground state phase diagram at unity filling and confirm the existence of three phases: superfluid, Mott insulator, and Bose glass. At lower interaction strength, we find that sizable disorder strength is needed in order to destroy superfluidity in favor of the Bose glass. On the other hand, at large enough interaction superfluidity is completely destroyed in favor of the Mott insulator (at lower disorder strength) or the Bose glass (at larger disorder strength). At intermediate interactions, the system undergoes an insulator to superfluid transition upon increasing the disorder, while a further increase of disorder strength drives the superfluid to Bose glass phase transition. While we are not able to discern between the Mott insulator and the Bose glass at intermediate interactions, we study the transition between these two phases at larger interaction strength and, unlike what reported in arXiv:1110.3213v3 for random disorder, find no evidence of a Mott-glass-like behavior.
A GOA-Based Fault-Tolerant Trajectory Tracking Control for an Underwater Vehicle of Multi-Thruster System without Actuator Saturation
Creators: name: Zhu, Danjie
name: Wang, Lei
name: Zhang, Hua
name: Yang, Simon X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper proposes an intelligent fault-tolerant control (FTC) strategy to tackle the trajectory tracking problem of an underwater vehicle (UV) under thruster damage (power loss) cases and meanwhile resolve the actuator saturation brought by the vehicle's physical constraints. In the proposed control strategy, the trajectory tracking component is formed by a refined backstepping algorithm that controls the velocity variation and a sliding mode control deducts the torque/force outputs; the fault-tolerant component is established based on a Grasshopper Optimization Algorithm (GOA), which provides fast convergence speed as well as satisfactory accuracy of deducting optimized reallocation of the thruster forces to compensate for the power loss in different fault cases. Simulations with or without environmental perturbations under different fault cases and comparisons to other traditional FTCs are presented, thus verifying the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed GOA-based fault-tolerant trajectory tracking design.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2210.01706