cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Monitoring of Urban Changes with multi-modal Sentinel 1 and 2 Data in Mariupol, Ukraine, in 2022/23
Creators: name: Zitzlsberger, Georg
name: Podhoranyi, Michal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The ability to constantly monitor urban changes is of significant socio-economic interest, like detecting trends in urban expansion or tracking the vitality of urban areas. Especially in present conflict zones or disaster areas, such insights provide valuable information to keep track of the current situation. However, they are often subject to limited data availability in space and time. We built on our previous work, which used a transferred Deep Neural Network (DNN) operating on multi-modal Sentinel 1 and 2 data. In the current study, we have demonstrated and discussed its applicability in monitoring the present conflict zone of Mariupol, Ukraine, with high-temporal resolution Sentinel time series for the years 2022/23. A transfer to that conflict zone was challenging due to the limited availability of recent Very High Resolution (VHR) data. The current work had two objectives. First, transfer learning with older and publicly available VHR data was shown to be sufficient. That guaranteed the availability of more and less expensive data as time constraints were relaxed. Second, in an ablation study, we analyzed the effects of loss of observations to demonstrate the resiliency of our method. That was of particular interest due to the malfunctioning of Sentinel 1B shortly before the selected conflict. Our study demonstrated that urban change monitoring is possible for present conflict zones after transferring with older VHR data. It also indicated that, despite the multi-modal input, our method was more dependent on optical multispectral than Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) observations but resilient to loss of observations.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing
Black lives matter protests and the 2020 Presidential election
Creators: name: Caren, Neal
name: Andrews, Kenneth T.
name: Nelson, Micah H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023

description:
Can protest influence elections? We examine whether Black Lives Matters (BLM) protest during the summer of 2020 shaped the November presidential election. We hypothesize that BLM demonstrations are associated with increased voting for the Democratic candidate. We examine a secondary hypothesis that more contentious events (with arrests, injury, or violence) are likely to produce a negative impact. We use data collected from news media, official election returns, and survey data combined with demographic and political control measures to test our hypotheses. We find strong evidence that BLM protests were associated an increased likelihood of voting for the Democratic candidate, with this effect concentrated among the less contentious protest events. Our findings bolster and extend the emerging theoretical claims and evidence that protest plays a substantial role in shaping electoral behavior.
Reproductive justice in post-Roe America: Impact of restricted abortion access on patients seeking permanent contraception
Creators: name: Arora, Kavita Shah
name: Thornton, Madeline
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Anecdotally, clinicians have reported an increase in demand for permanent contraception procedures since the Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization (Dobbs) decision, which may reflect patients’ fear of losing reproductive autonomy. In this commentary we rely upon the history of bias and discrimination in permanent contraception access in the United States to interpret and predict potential outcomes following the Dobbs decision. These findings can shape clinical practice as clinicians aim to balance meeting a patient’s contraceptive goals while upholding a commitment to avoid reproductive coercion. We provide recommendations for clinicians’ contraceptive counseling to ensure equitable access to permanent contraception for all patients.
Theory of random matrices with strong level confinement: orthogonal polynomial approach
Creators: name: Freilikher, V.
name: Kanzieper, E.
name: Yurkevich, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strongly non-Gaussian ensembles of large random matrices possessing unitary symmetry and logarithmic level repulsion are studied both in presence and absence of hard edge in their energy spectra. Employing a theory of polynomials orthogonal with respect to exponential weights we calculate with asymptotic accuracy the two-point kernel over all distance scale, and show that in the limit of large dimensions of random matrices the properly rescaled local eigenvalue correlations are independent of level confinement while global smoothed connected correlations depend on confinement potential only through the endpoints of spectrum. We also obtain exact expressions for density of levels, one- and two-point Green's functions, and prove that new universal local relationship exists for suitably normalized and rescaled connected two-point Green's function. Connection between structure of Szegö function entering strong polynomial asymptotics and mean-field equation is traced.
description: 12 pages (latex), to appear in Physical Review E
Kittonia hannae Lefebure & Cheneviere 1939
Creators: name: Huwiler, Martin
name: Gleich, Anne
name: Williams, David M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Hemiaulales
Hemiaulaceae
Kittonia
Kittonia hannae

description: Kittonia hannae ‘hannai’ Lefébure & Chenevière 1939: 23, pl. 1, fig. 3 (Figs 2–7)
 Type:—“Moreno shale, Moreno Gulch in the Panoche Hills, Fresno County, California ” […] “Sec. 6, T. 15 S., R. 12 E., M.D.B. & M., Fresno County, California ”, holotype unknown; lectotype in Lefébure & Chenevière 1939: pl. 1, fig. 3 = Sims & Williams 2022: fig. 8), designated here; Potter slide =? isolectotype.
 Illustrations and specimens: Long et al. 1946: pl. 19, figs 6, 7 (their figure 6 = our Figures 2, 3); Brigger & Hanna 1965: figs 2, 3 (= specimens from CAS 205065, 6; their figure 2 = Wornardt 1972: pl. 4, fig. l); Chambers 1997: pl. 14, figs 10, 11 (= specimens from BM 63885).
description: Published as part of Huwiler, Martin, Gleich, Anne & Williams, David M., 2023, A note on the specimens of Kittonia hannae ' hannai' (Bacillariophyta) figured in Long et al. (1946), pp. 55-58 in Phytotaxa 584 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.584.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/7624087
Scholarship Criteria for Promotion in the Age of Diverse Faculty Roles and Digital Media.
Creators: name: Helton, Margaret R
name: Pathman, Donald E
Publisher: name: Society of Teachers of Family Medicine
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In academic medical centers, scholarship is essential to advancing scientific knowledge, clinical care, and teaching and is a requirement for faculty promotion. Traditional evidence of scholarship, such as publications in peer-reviewed academic journals, remains applicable to the promotions of physician and nonphysician researchers. Often, however, the same evidence does not fit the scholarly work and output of clinician-educators, whose scholarship is often disseminated through digital communications and social media. This difference challenges promotion and tenure committees to evaluate the scholarship of all faculty fairly and consistently. This study aimed to generate a list of the features that a faculty product should demonstrate to be considered scholarship, regardless of how it is disseminated. METHODS: The full professors of one academic department of family medicine engaged in a mini-Delphi deliberative process to identify criteria to assess whether a scholarly product put forth by faculty in the promotion process is indeed scholarship. RESULTS: The full professors identified seven criteria to evaluate a faculty product to assess whether it represents scholarship-specifically its demonstration of faculty expertise, faculty contribution, originality, peer review, quality, relative permanence, and impact. CONCLUSIONS: These criteria may help promotion committees more easily and consistently assess the full scope of a faculty member's scholarly work within today's changing approaches to its dissemination.
The rate of stellar mass black hole scattering in galactic nuclei
Creators: name: Rasskazov, Alexander
name: Kocsis, Bence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a black hole (BH) density cusp in a nuclear star cluster (NSC) hosting a supermassive back hole (SMBH) at its center. Assuming the stars and BHs inside the SMBH sphere of influence are mass-segregated, we calculate the number of BHs that sink into this region under the influence of dynamical friction. We find that the total number of BHs increases significantly in this region due to this process for lower mass SMBHs by up to a factor of 5, but there is no increase in the vicinity of the highest mass SMBHs. Due to the high BH number density in the NSC, BH-BH binaries form during close approaches due to GW emission. We update the previous estimate of O'Leary et al. for the rate of such GW capture events by estimating the $\langle n^2\rangle/\langle n\rangle^2$ parameter where $n$ is the number density. We find a BH merger rate for this channel to be in the range $\sim0.01-0.1 \, \mathrm{Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1}}$. The total merger rate is dominated by the smallest galaxies hosting SMBHs, and the number of heaviest BHs in the NSC. It is also exponentially sensitive to the radial number density profile exponent, reaching $>100 \, \mathrm{Gpc^{-3}yr^{-1}}$ when the BH mass function is $m^{-2.3}$ or shallower and the heaviest BH radial number density is close to $r^{-3}$. Even if the rate is much lower than the range constrained by the current LIGO detections, the GW captures around SMBHs can be distinguished by their high eccentricity in the LIGO band.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
Learning the statistics of pronoun reference: By word or by category?
Creators: name: Arnold, Jennifer E
name: Ye, Yining
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
Evidence shows that readers tend to follow recently-encountered patterns for interpreting ambiguous pronouns. If recent exposure includes frequent pronouns with prepositional object antecedents (e.g., "Matt went to the library with Ana. She took out a book"), people adapt and are more likely to assign ambiguous pronouns to prepositional antecedents than if they were exposed to pronouns with subject antecedents (Johnson & Arnold, 2022). However, it is unclear how people categorize different referential structures and how broadly they make generalizations. Johnson and Arnold (2022) found that people can learn a referential relationship specific to third-person pronouns and an antecedent's syntactic or thematic properties. The current study uses this paradigm to test how broadly people generalize categories of different types of pronouns and antecedents. Do people adapt to the behavior of categorizing "he" and "she" as individual words, or as a general class? (Experiment 1). Do people learn about likely antecedents for pronouns separately for different verb constructions (transfer vs. joint-action) and thematic roles, or broadly by grammatical function? (Experiments 2 & 3). Participants were repeatedly exposed to a referential structure of a particular type of pronouns or antecedents, and then were tested on ambiguous pronouns. All experiments showed that pronoun adaptation generalizes to new instances from the broad categorization of pronouns and antecedents.
Nonlinear Spin Dynamics in Ferromagnets with Electron-Nuclear Coupling
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Cottam, M. G.
name: Singh, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nonlinear spin motion in ferromagnets is considered with nonlinearity due to three factors: (i) the sample is prepared in a strongly nonequilibrium state, so that evolution equations cannot be linearized as would be admissible for spin motion not too far from equilibrium, (ii) the system considered consists of interacting electron and nuclear spins coupled with each other via hyperfine forces, and (iii) the sample is inserted into a coil of a resonant electric circuit producing a resonator feedback field. Due to these nonlinearities, coherent motion of spins can develop, resulting in their ultrafast relaxation. A complete analysis of mechanisms triggering such a coherent motion is presented. This type of ultrafast coherent relaxation can be used for studying intrinsic properties of magnetic materials.
description: 1 file, LaTex, 23 pages
EOSC-hub D5.6 Final report on maintenance and integration of federation and collaboration services
Creators: name: Liampotis, Nicolas
name: Koumantaros, Kostas
name: Zamani, Themis
name: Rozanska, Roksana
name: L'orphelin, Cyril
name: Weber, Pavel
name: Hardt, Marcus
name: Nakos, Alexandros
name: Alvarez, Ivan Diaz
name: Jensen, Jens
name: Corbett, Greg
name: Ritz, Raphael
name: Kouril, Daniel
name: Kanellopoulos, Christos
name: Apweiler, Sander
name: Sallé, Mischa
name: Licehammer, Slavik
name: Vianello, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: federation services
collaboration services

description: The document outlines the final report on maintenance and integration of federation, access enabling and collaboration services, one of the key components of the EOSC Federating Core, a fundamental asset that EOSC-hub provides to EOSC. It provides a technical description of enhancements for the EOSC-Hub services in Work Package 5 (WP5), results of integration activities, and collaboration work with other initiatives made during the third year of the project. In addition, it provides changes or enhancements made during the third year of the project in the form of release notes presented in a uniform format. The report identifies the integration gaps and elaborates the recommendations of future EOSC initiatives.
Fourier-series expansion of the dark-energy equation of state
Creators: name: Tamayo, David
name: Vazquez, J. Alberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dark energy component of the universe still remains as a mystery, however, several papers based on observational data have shown that its equation of state may have an oscillatory behaviour. In this paper, we provide a general description for the dark-energy equation-of-state $w(z)$ in the form of Fourier series. This description generalises some previous dynamical dark energy models and is in agreement with the $w(z)$ reconstructions. We make use of a modified version of a simple and fast Markov Chain Monte Carlo code to constraint the model parameters. For the analysis we use data from supernovae type-Ia , baryon acoustic oscillations, $H(z)$ measurements and cosmic microwave background. We provide a comparison of the proposed model with $Λ$CDM, $w$CDM and the standard Taylor approximation. The Fourier series expansion of $w(z)$ is preferred from $Λ$CDM at more than $3σ$ significance level based on the improvement in the fit alone. We use the Akaike criteria to perform the model comparison and found that, even though there are extra parameters, there is a slight preference of the Fourier series compared with the $Λ$CDM model. The preferred shape of $w(z)$ found here puts in jeopardy the single scalar field models, as they as they cannot reproduce the crossing the phantom divide line $w=-1$.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures
LoDEI: a robust and sensitive tool to detect transcriptome-wide differential A-to-I editing in RNA-seq data
Creators: name: Torkler, Phillipp
name: Sauer, Marina
name: Schwartz, Uwe
name: Corbacioglu, Selim
name: Sommer, Gunhild
name: Heise, Tilman
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin

description: RNA editing is a highly conserved process. Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) mediated deamination of adenosine (A-to-I editing) is associated with human disease and immune checkpoint control. Functional implications of A-to-I editing are currently of broad interest to academic and industrial research as underscored by the fast-growing number of clinical studies applying base editors as therapeutic tools. Analyzing the dynamics of A-to-I editing, in a biological or therapeutic context, requires the sensitive detection of differential A-to-I editing, a currently unmet need. We introduce the local differential editing index (LoDEI) to detect differential A-to-I editing in RNA-seq datasets using a sliding-window approach coupled with an empirical q value calculation that detects more A-to-I editing sites at the same false-discovery rate compared to existing methods. LoDEI is validated on known and novel datasets revealing that the oncogene MYCN increases and that a specific small non-coding RNA reduces A-to-I editing.
Scalable stellar evolution forecasting: Deep learning emulation vs. hierarchical nearest neighbor interpolation
Creators: name: Maltsev, K.
name: Schneider, F. R. N.
name: Roepke, F. K.
name: Jordan, A. I.
name: Qadir, G. A.
name: Kerzendorf, W. E.
name: Riedmiller, K.
name: van der Smagt, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many astrophysical applications require efficient yet reliable forecasts of stellar evolution tracks. One example is population synthesis, which generates forward predictions of models for comparison with observations. The majority of state-of-the-art rapid population synthesis methods are based on analytic fitting formulae to stellar evolution tracks that are computationally cheap to sample statistically over a continuous parameter range. The computational costs of running detailed stellar evolution codes, such as MESA, over wide and densely sampled parameter grids are prohibitive, while stellar-age based interpolation in-between sparsely sampled grid points leads to intolerably large systematic prediction errors. In this work, we provide two solutions for automated interpolation methods that offer satisfactory trade-off points between cost-efficiency and accuracy. We construct a timescale-adapted evolutionary coordinate and use it in a two-step interpolation scheme that traces the evolution of stars from ZAMS all the way to the end of core helium burning while covering a mass range from ${0.65}$ to $300 \, \mathrm{M_\odot}$. The feedforward neural network regression model (first solution) that we train to predict stellar surface variables can make millions of predictions, sufficiently accurate over the entire parameter space, within tens of seconds on a 4-core CPU. The hierarchical nearest-neighbor interpolation algorithm (second solution) that we hard-code to the same end achieves even higher predictive accuracy, the same algorithm remains applicable to all stellar variables evolved over time, but it is two orders of magnitude slower. Our methodological framework is demonstrated to work on the MIST (Choi et al. 2016) data set. Finally, we discuss the prospective applications of these methods and provide guidelines for generalizing them to higher dimensional parameter spaces.
description: Accepted at A&A
Enhancing Clinical Concept Extraction with Contextual Embeddings
Creators: name: Si, Yuqi
name: Wang, Jingqi
name: Xu, Hua
name: Roberts, Kirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural network-based representations ("embeddings") have dramatically advanced natural language processing (NLP) tasks, including clinical NLP tasks such as concept extraction. Recently, however, more advanced embedding methods and representations (e.g., ELMo, BERT) have further pushed the state-of-the-art in NLP, yet there are no common best practices for how to integrate these representations into clinical tasks. The purpose of this study, then, is to explore the space of possible options in utilizing these new models for clinical concept extraction, including comparing these to traditional word embedding methods (word2vec, GloVe, fastText). Both off-the-shelf open-domain embeddings and pre-trained clinical embeddings from MIMIC-III are evaluated. We explore a battery of embedding methods consisting of traditional word embeddings and contextual embeddings, and compare these on four concept extraction corpora: i2b2 2010, i2b2 2012, SemEval 2014, and SemEval 2015. We also analyze the impact of the pre-training time of a large language model like ELMo or BERT on the extraction performance. Last, we present an intuitive way to understand the semantic information encoded by contextual embeddings. Contextual embeddings pre-trained on a large clinical corpus achieves new state-of-the-art performances across all concept extraction tasks. The best-performing model outperforms all state-of-the-art methods with respective F1-measures of 90.25, 93.18 (partial), 80.74, and 81.65. We demonstrate the potential of contextual embeddings through the state-of-the-art performance these methods achieve on clinical concept extraction. Additionally, we demonstrate contextual embeddings encode valuable semantic information not accounted for in traditional word representations.
description: Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association
Final results from the NMC
Creators: name: Kabuss, Eva-Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A summary of the results on deep inelastic muon nucleon and muon nucleus scattering experiments performed by the NMC collaboration is presented.
description: 5 pages, LaTex Contribution to the working group I of DIS97, Chicago, April 1997 Proccedings to be published by AIP
Emerging infectious diseases, focus on infection prevention, environmental survival and germicide susceptibility: SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and Candida auris
Creators: name: Sickbert-Bennett, Emily
name: Weber, David J
name: Rutala, William A
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND: New and emerging infectious diseases continue to represent a public health threat. Emerging infectious disease threats include pathogens increasing in range (eg, Mpox), zoonotic microbes jumping species lines to cause sustained infections in humans via person-to-person transmission (SARS-CoV-2) and multidrug-resistant pathogens (eg, Candida auris). MATERIALS AND METHODS: We searched the published English literature and reviewed the selected articles on SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and Candida auris with a focus on environmental survival, contamination of the patient's hospital environment, susceptibility of the pathogen to antiseptics and disinfectants and infection prevention recommendations. RESULTS: All three pathogens (ie, SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and Candida auris) can survive on surfaces for minutes to hours and for Mpox and C auris for days. Currently available antiseptics (eg, 70%-90% alcohol hand hygiene products) are active against SARS-CoV-2, Mpox and C auris. The U.S Environmental Protection Agency provides separate lists of surface disinfectants active against SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and C auris. DISCUSSION: The risk of environment-to-patient transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Mpox and Candida auris, is very low, low-moderate and high, respectively. In the absence of appropriate patient isolation and use of personal protection equipment, the risk of patient-to-health care provider transmission of SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and C auris is high, moderate and low, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Appropriate patient isolation, use of personal protective equipment by health care personnel, hand hygiene, and surface disinfection can protect patients and health care personnel from acquiring SARS-CoV-2, Mpox, and C auris from infected patients.
YANGI O`ZBEKISTONDA DAVLAT DASTURI ASOSIDA AHOLINING TURMUSH DARAJASINI YANADA YAXSHILASH VA HUQUQIY SAVODXONLIGINI OSHIRISH
Creators: name: Turgunov, Muhammad Bobur
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Ushbu maqolada Yangi O`zbekistonda olib borilayotgan islohotlar, aholining turmush darajasini yaxshilanganligi, davlat dasturi asosida aholiga ijtimoiy qatlamlarning huquqiy savodxonligini oshirish maqsadida olib borilgan chora-tadbirlar, huquqiy davlatni qurishni o‘z oldiga maqsad qilib olgan har bir demokratik davlatlar kabi, O‘zbekiston uchun ham muhim va dolzarb masala hisoblanadi.
Generation of turbulence in colliding reconnection jets
Creators: name: Pucci, F.
name: Matthaeus, W. H.
name: Chasapis, A.
name: Servidio, S.
name: Sorriso-Valvo, L.
name: Olshevsky, V.
name: Newman, D. L.
name: Goldman, M. V.
name: Lapenta, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The collision of magnetic reconnection jets is studied by means of a three dimensional numerical simulation at kinetic scale, in the presence of a strong guide field. We show that turbulence develops due to the jets collision producing several current sheets in reconnection outflows, aligned with the guide field direction. The turbulence is mainly two-dimensional, with stronger gradients in the plane perpendicular to the guide field and a low wave-like activity in the parallel direction. First, we provide a numerical method to isolate the central turbulent region. Second, we analyze spatial second-order structure function and prove that turbulence is confined in this region. Finally, we compute local magnetic and electric frequency spectra, finding a trend in the sub-ion range that differs from typical cases for which the Taylor hypothesis is valid, as well as wave activity in the range between ion and electron cyclotron frequencies. Our results are relevant to understand observations of reconnection jets collisions in space plasmas.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Einstein-Cartan pseudoscalaron inflation
Creators: name: Di Marco, Alessandro
name: Orazi, Emanuele
name: Pradisi, Gianfranco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a class of early universe cosmological models based on Einstein-Cartan gravity and including a higher derivative term corresponding to a power of the Holst scalar curvature. The resulting effective action is basically given by General Relativity and an additional neutral pseudoscalar field (the pseudoscalaron), unequivocally related to the corresponding components of the torsion, that necessarily acquire a dynamics. The induced pseudoscalaron potential provides a realistic inflationary phase together with a very rich postinflationary epoch, resulting by the coupling of the pseudoscalaron to ordinary matter.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures. Some references added. Version conformal to the published one
title: Enantioselective Synthesis of a Tricyclic, sp³‐Rich Diazatetradecanedione: an Amino Acid‐Based Natural Product‐Like Scaffold
Creators: name: Bischoff, Matthias
name: Mayer, Peter
name: Meyners, Christian
name: Hausch, Felix
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: 6‐, 7‐, and 8‐membered rings are assembled from a linear precursor by successive cyclisation reactions to construct a tricyclic diazatricyclo[6.5.1.0⁴,⁹]‐tetradecanedione scaffold. Advanced building blocks based on d‐aspartic acid and l‐pyroglutamic acid were combined by a sp³−sp² Negishi coupling. A carbamate‐guided syn‐diastereoselective epoxidation followed by an intramolecular epoxide opening allowed the construction of the piperidine ring. An efficient one‐pot hydroxyl‐group protection twofold deprotection reaction prepared the ground for the cyclisation to the bicycle. A final deprotection of the orthogonal protecting groups and lactamisation led to the novel, sp³‐rich tricycle. The final compound is a substrate mimic of peptidyl‐prolyl cis‐trans isomerases featuring a locked trans‐amide bond. Cheminformatic analysis of 179 virtual derivatives indicates favourable physicochemical properties and drug‐like characteristics. As proof of concept we, show a low micromolar activity in a fluorescence polarisation assay towards the FK506‐binding protein 12.
EOSC-hub D5.5 Second report on maintenance and integration of federation and collaboration services
Creators: name: Liampotis, Nicolas
name: Koumantaros, Kostas
name: Zamani, Themis
name: Rozanska, Roksana
name: L'orphelin, Cyril
name: Weber, Pavel
name: Hardt, Marcus
name: Nakos, Alexandros
name: Alvarez, Ivan Diaz
name: Jensen, Jens
name: Corbett, Greg
name: Ritz, Raphael
name: Kouril, Daniel
name: Kanellopoulos, Christos
name: Apweiler, Sander
name: Sallé, Mischa
name: Licehammer, Slavik
name: Vianello, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: federation services
collaboration services

description: The document outlines the second report on maintenance and integration of federation, access enabling and collaboration services, one of the key components of the EOSC Federating Core, a fundamental asset that EOSC-hub provides to EOSC. It provides a technical description of enhancements for the EOSC-Hub services in Work Package 5 (WP5), results of integration activities and collaboration work with other initiatives made during the second year of the project. The report identifies the integration gaps and elaborates the future plans for WP5 services.
The Effect of Multiple Cooling Channels on the Formation of Dark Compact Objects
Creators: name: Bramante, Joseph
name: Diamond, Melissa
name: Kim, J. Leo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A dissipative dark sector can result in the formation of compact objects with masses comparable to stars and planets. In this work, we investigate the formation of such compact objects from a subdominant inelastic dark matter model, and study the resulting distributions of these objects. In particular, we consider cooling from dark Bremsstrahlung and a rapid decay process that occurs after inelastic upscattering. Inelastic transitions introduce an additional radiative processes which can impact the formation of compact objects via multiple cooling channels. We find that having multiple cooling processes changes the mass and abundance of compact objects formed, as compared to a scenario with only one cooling channel. The resulting distribution of these astrophysical compact objects and their properties can be used to further constrain and differentiate between dark sectors.
description: 21 pages, 4 figures. Updated to match published version
ELEVATING JUSTICE: A SCRUTINY OF INVESTIGATION WARRANT SUBMISSIONS ALIGNED WITH VALUE PRINCIPLES
Creators: name: Aulia Rahman, Hidayat
name: Agung Santoso, Wibowo
Publisher: name: ZAP Journals
Year: 2024
Subjects: Criminal Justice System
nvestigation Warrants
Justice Value Principles
Public Trust
Procedural Fairness

description: The criminal justice system is fundamentally grounded in the presumption of innocence until guilt is proven, underscoring the importance of safeguarding the rights of individuals involved (Baker & Williams, 2018). This necessitates a vigilant examination of the legal framework governing investigation warrant submissions, ensuring alignment with justice value principles. Investigation warrants, authorizing actions such as property searches, evidence seizures, and suspect arrests, play a pivotal role in law enforcement procedures (Gosselin & Bouchard, 2019). Nevertheless, the process of acquiring these warrants must adhere to standards of lawfulness, fairness, and justice.

The essence of justice value lies in upholding principles of fairness, equity, and impartiality within the criminal justice system (Tyler, 2018). This concept acts as a cornerstone, guaranteeing equitable treatment and the protection of individual rights. It serves as a crucial factor in cultivating public trust in the criminal justice system, ensuring that law enforcement agencies steer clear of discriminatory practices (Schedler, 2020). Empirical evidence underscores the tight link between public trust and the perception of fairness and impartiality within the criminal justice system (Sunshine & Tyler, 2003). Notably, research indicates that individuals perceiving the system as unfair are less likely to cooperate with law enforcement and exhibit a higher likelihood of engaging in illegal activities (Gau & Brunson, 2010).

This study delves into the intricate relationship between justice value principles, the process of obtaining investigation warrants, and their broader implications on public trust and cooperation with law enforcement. By examining the nexus between procedural fairness in the legal system and societal attitudes, this research aims to contribute to the ongoing discourse on the importance of aligning investigative practices with justice value principles. Insights gleaned from this study have the potential to inform policy discussions, guiding the refinement of legal frameworks to ensure a more just, equitable, and trustworthy criminal justice system.
Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Computer-Assisted Medical Research and Writing
Creators: name: Dutton, Jonathan J.
Publisher: name: Wolters Kluwer
Year: 2023

description:
In this issue of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dr. Mohammad Javed Ali’s article entitled “ChatGPT and Lacrimal Drainage Disorders: Performance and Scope of Improvement” examines the performance of the large language model (LLM), ChatGPT (generative pre-trained transformer), in the context of some lacrimal drainage disorders. The author evaluates the artificial intelligence (AI) responses to 21 prompts, such as the history of dacryocystorhinostomy surgery, lacrimal pump anatomy, silicone intubation, and the use of mitomycin C in DCR surgery. Each prompt was repeated three times to assess consistency or differences in response, and each response was evaluated by three independent lacrimal surgeons on a three-point scale. Although the model provided a generic disclaimer that it cannot give medical advice or generate professional opinions, it did go on to answer the questions in some detail. The author found that some factual inaccuracies were noted in 60% of the ChatGPT responses and several on controversial topics were generic and not evidence-based. Even so, ChatGPT was able to acknowledge its mistakes and correct itself when presented with counterarguments. While Dr. Ali recognizes that the potential of this AI chatbot to influence medicine is enormous, he concludes that “Healthcare, as it appears, is not ready for it at present…,” and there remains a need for it to be specifically trained and retrained for individual medical subspecialties.
Extrapolation procedure for low-temperature series for the square lattice spin-1 Ising model
Creators: name: Jensen, I
name: Guttmann, A J
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The finite-lattice method of series expansions has been combined with a new extrapolation procedure to extend the low-temperature series for the specific heat, spontaneous magnetisation and susceptibility of the spin-1 Ising model on the square lattice. The extended series were derived by directly calculating the series to order 99 (in the variable $u=\exp[-J/k_B T])$ and using the new extrapolation procedure to calculate an additional 13--14 terms.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX with IOP style files (ioplppt.sty) and epsf.sty. 3 ps files included. To appear in J. Phys. A
White psychodrama
Creators: name: Bright, Liam Kofi
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description:
One might hope that philosophy could reconcile us to our social world and each other. To entertain this as plausible is to think there is some perspective one could reach via philosophical enquiry that shows our life and society to be as they are for good reason, allows us to see it all as in some sense rational. Hegel is no doubt the great exponent of this ideal, his system promising to trace history's patterns and conceptual development, while he is so optimistic as to believe that, at its end, we would achieve the perspective whereby every agent's own actions and situation can be made intelligible to themselves and others. This was meant to be true for us the readers, so we would be able to see for ourselves how what we do makes sense, given our circumstances, and is plausibly tending towards a good end.
Probing ferroelectricity in highly conducting materials through their elastic response: persistence of ferroelectricity in metallic BaTiO3-d
Creators: name: Cordero, F.
name: Trequattrini, F.
name: Craciun, F.
name: Langhammer, H. T.
name: Quiroga, D. A. B.
name: Silva, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The question whether ferroelectricity (FE) may coexist with a metallic or highly conducting state, or rather it must be suppressed by the screening from the free charges, is the focus of a rapidly increasing number of theoretical studies and is finally receiving positive experimental responses. The issue is closely related to the thermoelectric and multiferroic (also magnetic) applications of FE materials, where the electrical conductivity is required or spurious. In these circumstances, the traditional methods for probing ferroelectricity are hampered or made totally ineffective by the free charges, which screen the polar response to an external electric field. This fact may explain why more than 40 years passed between the first proposals of FE metals and the present experimental and theoretical activity. The measurement of the elastic moduli, Young's modulus in the present case, versus temperature is an effective method for studying the influence of doping on a FE transition because the elastic properties are unaffected by electrical conductivity. In this manner, it is shown that the FE transitions of BaTiO3-d are not suppressed by electron doping through O vacancies; only the onset temperatures are depressed, but the magnitudes of the softenings, and hence of the piezoelectric activity, are initially even increased.
Higher Grading Generalisations of the Toda Systems
Creators: name: Gervais, Jean-Loup
name: Saveliev, Mikhail V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present paper we obtain some integrable generalisations of the Toda system generated by flat connection forms taking values in higher ${\bf Z}$--grading subspaces of a simple Lie algebra, and construct their general solutions. One may think of our systems as describing some new fields of the matter type coupled to the standard Toda systems. This is of special interest in nonabelian Toda theories where the latter involve black hole target space metrics. We also give a derivation of our conformal system on the base of the Hamiltonian reduction of the WZNW model; and discuss a relation between abelian and nonabelian systems generated by a gauge transformation that maps the first grading description to the second. The latter involves grades larger than one.
description: 24 pages, latex, no figures; Expanded version accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics B
Examining the Influence of Perceived Neighborhood Environment and Connectedness on the Mental Health Symptoms of Black Adolescent Serious Offenders
Creators: name: Nebbitt, Von
name: Villodas, Melissa L.
name: Wilson, Amy Blank
name: Ansong, David
name: Goings, Trenette Clark
name: Munson, Michelle R.
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Juvenile Justice (JJ) involvement disproportionately impacts Black youth. While there is literature on the relationship between both connectedness and the perceived neighborhood environment (PNE) on mental health among Black youth, few studies focus on these aspects among Black youth in the juvenile justice system – particularly among those adjudicated guilty as serious offenders. Purpose: The current study addresses the relationship between connectedness and PNE on Black youth adjudicated guilty as serious offenders in the juvenile justice system using a subset of data from a sample of 180 Black youth aged 14–18 from the Pathways to Desistance Project. Results: Black boys reported statistically significant lower mental health symptoms than Black girls (β= − 0.21, p < .01). Gender, age, and parent social position explained a statistically significant proportion of variance in mental health symptoms (R2 = 0.07, F(3, 151) = 3.31, p < .05). Discussion: PNE and connectedness did not contribute to a statistically significant change in the proportion of variance predicting MH symptoms of Black youth in the JJ system above and beyond demographic variables. This study contributes to growing knowledge that suggests a notable influence at the intersection of PNE and parent social position that contribute to the mental health functioning of Black female-identified justice-involved serious offenders.
Neuraxial anesthesia task training workshop for CRNAs
Creators: name: Boccio, Lauren
name: Schiliro, Elizabeth Botto
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2021

description: Purpose: The purpose of this project was to provide CRNAs with access to continuing education in neuraxial anesthesia with the use of a neuraxial anesthesia refresher workshop in order to enhance the knowledge, skill, and confidence of CRNAs in performing neuraxial anesthesia independently.Methodology: The sample population for this study included current practicing CRNAs who attended a Statewide Professional Organization for Nurse Anesthesia Virtual Fall Symposium on November 7th, 2020. Those who participated in the workshop completed a pre-intervention survey, followed by a 30-minute workshop featuring a PowerPoint Presentation on neuraxial anesthesia and two videos performing step-by-step techniques on a task-trainer mannequin for both spinal and epidural procedures, followed by a post-intervention survey. The surveys assessed the confidence levels of the participants regarding different aspects of neuraxial anesthesia. Resource sheets for both techniques were created and available for the participants during and after the workshop for their own reference. Results: Results from the neuraxial anesthesia workshop showed that confidence levels regarding knowledge and skill of neuraxial anesthesia increased following the workshop. 52.2% strongly agreed that having the opportunity to refresh their knowledge and skills in neuraxial anesthesia with a neuraxial anesthesia workshop was beneficial to their practice as CRNAs while 46.3% agreed that the workshop was beneficial. Statistical analysis was performed to identify if the neuraxial anesthesia refresher workshop produced statistically significant results. Results of the study were statistically significant in increasing confidence levels of practicing CRNAs. Implications for Practice: Upon completion of the workshop, CRNAs felt more confident in their knowledge of neuraxial anesthesia as well as more confident in their skill level. The results showed that the CRNAs felt that participating in the neuraxial anesthesia workshop was beneficial to their practice as CRNAs. A limitation to the study was the lack of a hands-on component that had to be eliminated due to COVID-19 restrictions. With the distribution of the resource sheet following the workshop, CRNAs will have the ability to reference neuraxial anesthesia in the future, if necessary. With more CRNAs confident in performing neuraxial anesthesia, more patients will be able to benefit from this.
Ethnoracial differences in workplace drug testing and policies on positive drug tests in the United States
Creators: name: Goings, Trenette Clark
name: Oh, Sehun
name: Hodges, James
name: Salas-Wright, Christopher
name: Smith, Brianna
Publisher: name: Elsevier
Year: 2023

description:
BACKGROUND: Drug testing is widely implemented as a work-based prevention strategy for employee substance use. However, it has raised concerns about its potential use as a punitive measure in the workplace where racialized/ethnic workers are over-represented. This study examines the rates of exposure to workplace drug testing among ethnoracial workers in the United States and the potential differences in the employers' responses to positive test results. METHODS: A nationally-representative sample of 121,988 employed adults was examined using the 2015-2019 National Survey on Drug Use and Health data. The rates of exposure to workplace drug testing were estimated separately for ethnoracial workers. Then we used multinomial logistic regression to test differences in employers' responses to the first positive drug test results across ethnoracial subgroups. RESULTS: Since 2002, Black workers reported 15-20% points higher rates of having a workplace drug testing policy than Hispanic or White workers. When tested positive for drug use, Black and Hispanic workers were more likely to be fired than White workers. When tested positive, Black workers were more likely to be referred to treatment/counseling services while Hispanic workers were less likely to be referred compared to White workers. CONCLUSION: Black workers' disproportionate exposure to drug testing and punitive responses in the workplace may potentially place individuals with substance use problems out of the workforce, limiting their access to treatment/other resources available via their workplaces. Also, Hispanic workers' limited accessibility to treatment and counseling services when tested positive for drug use requires attention to address unmet needs.