cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Model Multiplicity (UML) Versus Model Singularity in System Requirements and Design
Creators: name: Al-Fedaghi, Sabah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A conceptual model can be used to manage complexity in both the design and implementation phases of the system development life cycle. Such a model requires a firm grasp of the abstract principles on which a system is based, as well as an understanding of the high-level nature of the representation of entities and processes. In this context, models can have distinct architectural characteristics. This paper discusses model multiplicity (e.g., unified modeling language [UML]), model singularity (e.g., object-process methodology [OPM], thinging machine [TM]), and a heterogeneous model that involves multiplicity and singularity. The basic idea of model multiplicity is that it is not possible to present all views in a single representation, so a number of models are used, with each model representing a different view. The model singularity approach uses only a single unified model that assimilates its subsystems into one system. This paper is concerned with current approaches, especially in software engineering texts, where multimodal UML is introduced as the general-purpose modeling language (i.e., UML is modeling). In such a situation, we suggest raising the issue of multiplicity versus singularity in modeling. This would foster a basic appreciation of the UML advantages and difficulties that may be faced during modeling, especially in the educational setting. Furthermore, we advocate the claim that a multiplicity of views does not necessitate a multiplicity of models. The model singularity approach can represent multiple views (static, behavior) without resorting to a collection of multiple models with various notations. We present an example of such a model where the static representation is developed first. Then, the dynamic view and behavioral representations are built by incorporating a decomposition strategy interleaved with the notion of time.
description: 12 pages, 15 figures
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2009
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2009 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografische Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Integrable lattice equations and their growth properties
Creators: name: Tremblay, Sébastien
name: Grammaticos, Basile
name: Ramani, Alfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the integrability of two-dimensional partial difference equations using the newly developed techniques of study of the degree of the iterates. We show that while for generic, nonintegrable equations, the degree grows exponentially fast, for integrable lattice equations the degree growth is polynomial. The growth criterion is used in order to obtain the integrable deautonomisations of the equations examined. In the case of linearisable lattice equations we show that the degree growth is slower than in the case of equations integrable through Inverse Scattering Transform techniques.
A stochastic differential game for the inhomogeneous $\infty$-Laplace equation
Creators: name: Atar, Rami
name: Budhiraja, Amarjit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Given a bounded $\mathcaligr{C}^2$ domain $G\subset{\mathbb{R}}^m$, functions $g\in\mathcaligr{C}(\partial G,{\mathbb{R}})$ and $h\in\mathcaligr {C}(\bar{G},{\mathbb{R}}\setminus\{0\})$, let $u$ denote the unique viscosity solution to the equation $-2Δ_{\infty}u=h$ in $G$ with boundary data $g$. We provide a representation for $u$ as the value of a two-player zero-sum stochastic differential game.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/09-AOP494 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Configurations of Extremal Even Unimodular Lattices
Creators: name: Kominers, Scott D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11H06 (Primary), 52C07, 05B30 (Secondary)

description: We extend the results of Ozeki on the configurations of extremal even unimodular lattices. Specifically, we show that if L is such a lattice of rank 56, 72, or 96, then L is generated by its minimal-norm vectors.
description: 8 pages. To appear, International Journal of Number Theory
Muonium formation in some vapors
Creators: name: Arseneau, Donald Joseph
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The fractions of polarized positive muons thermalizing in diamagnetic environments (fD) and as muonium atoms (fM) have been measured in gas phase water, methanol, hexane, cyclohexane, tetramethylsilane, and the chloro-methanes. In almost every case, fM=0.8 and f=0.2, in contrast to the corresponding fractions measured in condensed media where PM=0.2 and PD=0.6. Unlike condensed phases, there is generally no "lost" polarization in the vapors. Any missing fraction is understood in terms of hyperfine dephasing of Mu during thermalization; a distinctly gas phase effect which disappears at moderately high pressures. Carbon tetrachloride is anomalous in having an unusually low muonium fraction (fM=0.5) in the vapor, but having no muonium in the liquid phase (PD=1.0). Furthermore, the vapor also has a true missing fraction while the liquid does not. The vapor phase results are interpreted in terms of a hot atom/ion reaction model giving either pressure independent yields (fD) as seen in water and the chloro-methanes or pressure dependent values as measured in the hexanes and TMS. That interpretation indicates that hot atom reactions do not account for more than about 30% of the much larger diamagnetic fractions seen in condensed phases, suggesting that radiation-induced spur effects are predominant in determining thermal fractions in condensed media.
Uncertainties in Estimating the Indirect Production of $B_c$ and Its Excited States Via Top Quark Decays at CERN LHC
Creators: name: Wu, Xing-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Main theoretical uncertainties in estimating the indirect production of $(b\bar{c})$-quarkonium ($B^-_c$ meson and its excited states) via top quark decays, $t\to (b\bar{c})+c+W^{+}$, are studied within the non-relativistic QCD framework. It is found that the dimensionless reduced decay width for a particular $(b\bar{c})$-quarkonium state, $\barΓ_{n}=Γ_{n} /Γ_{t\to W^{+}+b}$, is very sensitive to the $c$-quark mass, while the uncertainties from the $b$-quark and $t$-quark masses are small, where $n$ stands for the eight $(b\bar{c})$-quarkonium states up to ${\cal O}(v^4)$: $|(b\bar{c})(^1S_0)_1>$, $|(b\bar{c})(^3S_1)_1>$, $|(b\bar{c})(^1P_1)_1>$, $|(b\bar{c})(^3P_J)_1>$ (with $J=(1,2,3)$), $|(b\bar{c})(^1S_0)_{8}g>$ and $|(b\bar{c})(^3S_1)_{8}g>$ respectively. About $10^8$ $t\bar{t}$-pairs shall be produced per year at CERN LHC, if adopting the assumption that all the higher Fock states decay to the ground state with 100% probability, then we shall have $(1.038^{+1.353}_{-0.782})\times 10^5$ $B^-_c $ events per year. So the indirect production provides another important way to study the properties of $B^-_c$ meson in comparison to that of the direct hadronic production at CERN LHC.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures. References and some more discussions added. To be published in Phys.Lett.B
Lie point symmetries of difference equations and lattices
Creators: name: Levi, Decio
name: Tremblay, Sébastien
name: Winternitz, Pavel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A method is presented for finding the Lie point symmetry transformations acting simultaneously on difference equations and lattices, while leaving the solution set of the corresponding difference scheme invariant. The method is applied to several examples. The found symmetry groups are used to obtain particular solutions of differential-difference equations.
Capacity-achieving Feedback Scheme for Gaussian Finite-State Markov Channels with Channel State Information
Creators: name: Liu, Jialing
name: Elia, Nicola
name: Tatikonda, Sekhar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose capacity-achieving communication schemes for Gaussian finite-state Markov channels (FSMCs) subject to an average channel input power constraint, under the assumption that the transmitters can have access to delayed noiseless output feedback as well as instantaneous or delayed channel state information (CSI). We show that the proposed schemes reveals connections between feedback communication and feedback control.
description: Submitted to the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory. 31 pages
Magnetron-sputtered Al-containing MAX phase carbide thin films and their application as oxidation-resistant coatings
Creators: name: Tang, Chongchong
name: Steinbrück, Martin
name: Grosse, Mirco
name: Ulrich, Sven
name: Stueber, Michael
name: Seifert, Hans Jürgen
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2018

description: Ternary compounds denominated by the structure formula Mn+1AXn (MAX) phases comprise an extended family of layered, hexagonal transition metal carbides and nitrides. Due to their unique crystal chemistries and layered atomic structures, MAX phase materials combine many unique attributes of both ceramics and metals. These include low density, easy machinability, high thermal and electrical conductivities, thermal shock and damage tolerance, and excellent high-temperature resistance to oxidation and corrosion. These remarkable properties attract growing interest on the fabrication, characterization and implementation of MAX phase materials considered for structural and nonstructural applications under extreme conditions in the form of both bulk materials and thin films. Alumina-forming MAX phases, like Ti2AlC and Cr2AlC with self-healing capabilities, have shown great potential in applications as high-temperature oxidation and corrosion resistant coatings. However, deposition of phase-pure polycrystalline MAX phase coatings, either by spraying technology or physical vapor deposition (PVD), often remains a challenge. The retention of stable competing phases, like binary carbides and intermetallics, degrade the performance of the coatings. In this study, a two-step approach has been established, i.e. first magnetron sputtering of nanoscale elemental multilayer stacks and subsequently thermal annealing in argon, for potential growth of three phase-pure MAX phase carbide (Ti2AlC, Cr2AlC and Zr2AlC) coatings. The temperature-dependent phase and microstructural evolutions during annealing were systemically investigated by high-temperature XRD, HRTEM and Raman spectroscopy. Dense and phase-pure Ti2AlC and Cr2AlC coatings were successfully fabricated, while growth of Zr(Al)C carbide rather than Zr2AlC MAX phase was confirmed in the Zr-C-Al system. In addition, the high-temperature oxidation behaviors of the three coatings were examined in steam.
A study on the use of ICP-OES for the determination of nonmetals in organic solution
Creators: name: Hauser, Peter Christian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The application of Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry (ICP-OES) to the determination of total oxygen, nitrogen and sulphur in organic solution has been studied. Near-infrared emission lines of the three nonmetals have been used and detection limits in xylene have been established. Oxygen was determined for the first time by ICP-OES in a nongaseous sample. The characteristics of the inductively coupled plasma when used with an organic aerosol have been studied with respect to the completeness of atomization and potential interference from the complex excitation environment. Spatially resolved atomic and molecular emission profiles have been collected as part of these investigations. The nonmetal emission intensities were found to depend on the boiling point of the compounds containing the nonmetal because a redistribution effect in the nebulizer chamber was leading to an enrichment of volatile solutes in the aerosol stream to the plasma. Response factors for a series of compounds have been determined. The utility of the method was shown by establishing working curves and by testing certified standards for sulphur.
Ground state features and spectral properties of large polaron liquids from low to high charge densities
Creators: name: Perroni, C. A.
name: De Filippis, G.
name: Cataudella, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new variational approach is proposed at zero temperature for a finite density of charge carriers in order to study ground state features of the Frohlich model including electron-electron and electron-phonon interactions. Within the intermediate electron-phonon coupling regime characteristic of large polarons, the approach takes into account on the same footing polaron formation and polaron-polaron correlations which play a relevant role going from low to high charge densities. Including fluctuations on top of the variational approach, the electronic spectral function is calculated from the weak to the intermediate electron-phonon coupling regime finding a peak-dip-hump line shape. The spectra are characterized by a transfer of spectral weight from the incoherent hump to the coherent peak with decreasing the electron-phonon coupling constant or with increasing the particle density. Three different density regimes stem out: the first, at low densities, where the features of a single large polaron with a substantial incoherent spectral weight are not modified by charge carrier interactions; a second one, at intermediate densities, where the polaronic liquid shows a rapid crossover from incoherent to coherent dynamics; the third one, at high densities, where screening effects are so prominent that the system presents a conventional metallic phase. The results obtained in the low to intermediate density regime turn out to be relevant for the interpretation of recent tunneling and photoemission experiments in SrTiO3-based systems.
description: 16 pages, 6 figures
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2012
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2012 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografi sche Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Strafvollzug in Baden-Württemberg 2014
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Universität Tübingen
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strafvollzug , Baden-Württemberg
subject: 360

description: Strafgefangene und Sicherungsverwahrte in Baden-Württemberg 2014 – Ergebnisse der Strafvollzugsstatistik – Die seit 1961 bundeseinheitlich durchgeführte Strafvollzugsstatistik erfasst die Gefangenen und Verwahrten in den Justizvollzugsanstalten. Gefangenenbestand und Gefangenenbewegung (Zu- und Abgänge) werden dabei nach Art des Vollzugs nachgewiesen. Darüber hinaus werden zum 31. März eines jeden Jahres (Stichtagserhebung) kriminologische und demografi sche Strukturdaten der einsitzenden Strafgefangenen und Sicherungsverwahrten dargestellt.
Point Sources from a Spitzer IRAC Survey of the Galactic Center
Creators: name: Ramirez, Solange V.
name: Arendt, Richard G.
name: Sellgren, Kris
name: Stolovy, Susan R.
name: Cotera, Angela
name: Smith, Howard A.
name: Yusef-Zadeh, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have obtained Spitzer/IRAC observations of the central 2.0 x 1.4 degrees (~280 x 200 pc) of the Galaxy at 3.6-8.0 microns. A point source catalog of 1,065,565 objects is presented. The catalog includes magnitudes for the point sources at 3.6, 4.5, 5.8, and 8.0 microns, as well as JHK photometry from 2MASS. The point source catalog is confusion limited with average limits of 12.4, 12.1, 11.7, and 11.2 magnitudes for [3.6], [4.5], [5.8], and [8.0], respectively. We find that the confusion limits are spatially variable because of stellar surface density, background surface brightness level, and extinction variations across the survey region. The overall distribution of point source density with Galactic latitude and longitude is essentially constant, but structure does appear when sources of different magnitude ranges are selected. Bright stars show a steep decreasing gradient with Galactic latitude, and a slow decreasing gradient with Galactic longitude, with a peak at the position of the Galactic center. From IRAC color-magnitude and color-color diagrams, we conclude that most of the point sources in our catalog have IRAC magnitudes and colors characteristic of red giant and AGB stars.
description: 44 pages, 13 figures, ApJS in press
Deep Sequence Modeling: Development and Applications in Asset Pricing
Creators: name: Cong, Lin William
name: Tang, Ke
name: Wang, Jingyuan
name: Zhang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We predict asset returns and measure risk premia using a prominent technique from artificial intelligence -- deep sequence modeling. Because asset returns often exhibit sequential dependence that may not be effectively captured by conventional time series models, sequence modeling offers a promising path with its data-driven approach and superior performance. In this paper, we first overview the development of deep sequence models, introduce their applications in asset pricing, and discuss their advantages and limitations. We then perform a comparative analysis of these methods using data on U.S. equities. We demonstrate how sequence modeling benefits investors in general through incorporating complex historical path dependence, and that Long- and Short-term Memory (LSTM) based models tend to have the best out-of-sample performance.
Algebraic continued fractions in F_q((T^{-1})) and recurrent sequences in F_q
Creators: name: Lasjaunias, Alain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11J70;11T55

description: There exists a particular subset of algebraic power series over a finite field which, for different reasons, can be compared to the subset of quadratic real numbers. The continued fraction expansion for these elements, called hyperquadratic, can sometimes be made explicit. Here we describe this expansion for a wide family of hyperquadratic power series in odd characteristic. This leads to consider interesting recurrent sequences in the finite base field when it is not a prime field.
A comparative study of two-sample tests for interval-censored data
Creators: name: Hu, Linhan
name: Mandal, Soutrik
name: Sinha, Samiran
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Interval-censored data are ubiquitous in clinical studies where actual time-to-event is difficult to measure. A number of nonparametric tests have been proposed to conduct a two-sample test using interval-censored data, and these tests can be used for assessing and comparing treatment effects over the control group. Alternatively, as commonly perceived, parametric tests can also be used assuming data are generated from a parametric family of distributions. To provide some guidance on choosing an appropriate method, in this paper, the performance of parametric tests and a series of nonparametric tests are compared through extensive simulation studies that cover a wide range of scenarios with varying sample sizes, varying censoring mechanisms and varying alternative hypotheses. For the purpose of illustration, we also apply these procedures to analyse three real datasets.
A theoretical study of dilute aqueous electrolyte solutions
Creators: name: Kusalik, Peter Gerard
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: In the past, studies of electrolyte solutions have generally treated the solvent only as a dielectric continuum. This was the approach taken in the theory of Debye and Huckel and is still widely used today. A significant improvement to this approach would be to include the solvent as a true molecular species. This theoretical investigation of aqueous electrolyte solutions considers a polarizable hard-sphere fluid with embedded point dipoles and tetrahedral quadrupoles with water-like parameters as its solvent. The model solutions are systems of hard spherical ions immersed in this water-like solvent at 25°C. The linearized hypernetted-chain theory is applied to these solutions in the infinite dilution limit. The properties of solution are studied as functions of ion size and charge. Both dynamical and equilibrium contributions to the apparent dielectric constant of solution are examined and compared with experimental measurements at low concentrations. In the present theory, the ion-solvent correlation functions for this model electrolyte solution are found to scale exactly with charge. The ion-ion potentials of mean force demonstrate strong dependence on ion size and for small ions scale to a fair approximation with ion charge. For ions in the water-like solvent the potentials of mean force are observed to be less structured and approach the continuum limit more rapidly than for ions in a simple dipolar solvent. The equilibrium contribution to the dielectric decrement for alkali metal and halide ions is found to be negative but not strongly dependent upon ion size. The values for the kinetic dielectric decrement are also negative and are in fair agreement with previous theoretical results. The total dielectric decrement is dominated by the equilibrium term and is relatively insensitive to ion size for aqueous alkali halides. The limiting slopes for 1:1 and 2:1 electrolytes at 25°C obtained from experimental data at low concentrations are found to be in fair agreement with those predicted by the present theory.
VLA H53alpha observations of the central region of the Super Star Cluster Galaxy NGC 5253
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Rico, C. A.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Turner, J. L.
name: Gomez, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations in the H53alpha line and radio continuum at 43 GHz carried out with the VLA in the D array (2'' angular resolution) toward the starburst galaxy NGC 5253. VLA archival data have been reprocessed to produce a uniform set of 2, 1.3 and 0.7 cm high angular (0.''2 X 0.''1) radio continuum images. The RRL H53alpha, a previously reported measurement of the H92alpha RRL flux density and the reprocessed high angular resolution radio continuum flux densities have been modeled using a collection of HII regions. Based on the models, the ionized gas in the nuclear source has an electron density of ~6 X 10^4 cm^-3 and an volume filling factor of 0.05. A Lyman continuum photon production rate of 2 X 10^52 s^-1 is necessary to sustain the ionization in the nuclear region. The number of required O7 stars in the central 1.5 pc of the supernebula is ~ 2000. The H53alpha velocity gradient 10 km s^-1 arcsec^-1) implies a dynamical mass of ~3X10^5 Msun; this mass suggests the supernebula is confined by gravity.
description: Accepted in Astrophysical Journal 7 figures
Self-replication of a quantum artificial organism driven by single-photon pulses
Creators: name: Valente, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Artificial organisms are computer programs that self-replicate, mutate, compete and evolve. How do these lifelike information-processing behaviours could arise in diverse far-from-equilibrium physical systems remains an open question. Here, I devise a toy model where the onset of self-replication of a quantum artificial organism (a chain of lambda systems) is owing to single-photon pulses added to a zero-temperature environment. The model results in a replication probability that is proportional to the absorbed work from the photon, in agreement with the theory of dissipative adaptation. Unexpectedly, spontaneous mutations are unavoidable in this model, due to rare but finite absorption of off-resonant photons. These results hint at self-replication as a possible link between dissipative adaptation and open-ended evolution.
description: 10 pages, 2 figures
Supplementary Information from Molecular basis of parental contributions to the behavioural tolerance of elevated pCO2 in a coral reef fish
Creators: name: Monroe, Alison A.
name: Schunter, Celia
name: Welch, Megan J.
name: Munday, Philip L.
name: Ravasi, Timothy
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics

description: Expanded methods sections on chemical alarm cues and water quality used in the experiment, as well as comparative body weight analysis. Includes Supplementary Table 1 and Supplementary Figure 1.
Edge-Assisted Congestion Control Mechanism for 5G Network Using Software-Defined Networking
Creators: name: Nasimi, Meysam
name: Habibi, Mohammad Asif
name: Han, Bin
name: Schotten, Hans D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In order to cope with the explosive growth of data traffic which is associated with a wide plethora of emerging applications and services that are expected to be used by both ordinary users and vertical industries, the congestion control mechanism is considered to be vital. In this paper, we proposed a congestion control mechanism that could function within the framework of Multi-Access Edge Computing (MEC). The proposed mechanism is aiming to make real-time decisions for selectively buffering traffic while taking network condition and Quality of Service (QoS) into consideration. In order to support a MEC-assisted scheme, the MEC server is expected to locally store delay-tolerant data traffics until the delay conditions expire. This enables the network to have better control over the radio resource provisioning of higher priority data. To achieve this, we introduced a dedicated function known as Congestion Control Engine (CCE), which can capture Radio Access Network (RAN) condition through Radio Network Information Service (RNIS) function, and use this knowledge to make the real-time decision for selectively offloading traffic so that it can perform more intelligently. Analytical evaluation results of our proposed mechanism confirm that it can alleviate network congestion more efficiently.
description: This paper presented in International Symposium on Wireless Communication Systems (ISWCS 2018)
title: Ein Fisch aus der Zeit der Dinosaurier
Creators: name: Nolding, Jana
name: Grotjohann, Norbert
Publisher: name: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht
Year: 2018

description: BU praktisch - Das Online-Journal für den Biologieunterricht, Bd. 1 Nr. 1 (2018): Vielfalt im Biologieunterricht
Dynamical Formation Channels for Fast Radio Bursts in Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Kremer, Kyle
name: Piro, Anthony L.
name: Li, Dongzi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The repeating fast radio burst (FRB) localized to a globular cluster in M81 challenges our understanding of FRB models. In this Letter, we explore dynamical formation scenarios for objects in old globular clusters that may plausibly power FRBs. Using N-body simulations, we demonstrate that young neutron stars may form in globular clusters at a rate of up to $\sim50\,\rm{Gpc}^{-3}\,\rm{yr}^{-1}$ through a combination of binary white dwarf mergers, white dwarf--neutron star mergers, binary neutron star mergers, and accretion induced collapse of massive white dwarfs in binary systems. We consider two FRB emission mechanisms: First, we show that a magnetically-powered source (e.g., a magnetar with field strength $\gtrsim10^{14}\,$G) is viable for radio emission efficiencies $\gtrsim10^{-4}$. This would require magnetic activity lifetimes longer than the associated spin-down timescales and longer than empirically-constrained lifetimes of Galactic magnetars. Alternatively, if these dynamical formation channels produce young rotation-powered neutron stars with spin periods of $\sim10\,$ms and magnetic fields of $\sim10^{11}\,$G (corresponding to spin-down lifetimes of $\gtrsim10^5\,$yr), the inferred event rate and energetics can be reasonably reproduced for order unity duty cycles. Additionally, we show that recycled millisecond pulsars or low-mass X-ray binaries similar to those well-observed in Galactic globular clusters may also be plausible channels, but only if their duty cycle for producing bursts similar to the M81 FRB is small.
description: 11 pages, 2 tables, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. Comments welcome
Signatures of clumpy dark matter in the global 21 cm background signal
Creators: name: Cumberbatch, D. T.
name: Lattanzi, M.
name: Silk, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the extent to which the self-annihilation of supersymmetric neutralino dark matter, as well as light dark matter, influences the rate of heating, ionisation and Lyman-alpha pumping of interstellar hydrogen and helium and the extent to which this is manifested in the 21cm global background signal. We fully consider the enhancements to the annihilation rate from DM halos and substructures within them. We find that the influence of such structures can result in significant changes in the differential brightness temperature. The changes at redsfhits z<25 are likely to be undetectable due to the presence of the astrophysical signal; however, in the most favourable cases, deviations in the differential brightness temperature, relative to its value in the absence of self-annihilating DM, of up to ~20 mK at z=30 can occur. Thus we conclude that, in order to exclude these models, experiments measuring the global 21cm signal, such as EDGES and CORE, will need to reduce the systematics at 50 MHz to below 20 mK.
description: V3: 32 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables. Replaced to match version accepted for publication in PRD. Major revisions to address referee's comments
Response of a flexible marine column to base excitation
Creators: name: Vernon, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The displacement response of a flexible, surface-piercing cylinder subjected to a unidirectional base motion is considered in this study. Laboratory experiments have been performed with a circular, fixed-base model using sinusoidal and scaled seismic input motion. Sinusoidal tests were designed to investigate the dependence of cylinder tip response on the ratio of base motion frequency to cylinder natural frequency and base displacement amplitude, for a fixed water depth, inertia ratio and damping ratio. Further tests with a base motion corresponding to past earthquake records were then used to determine the cylinder's response to seismic excitation. The sinusoidal test results are compared with predictions derived from analyses of the motion in terms of the first and second undamped mode shapes of a cantilever beam. The Morison equation is used to estimate hydrodynamic loads in this formulation, and three treatments of the drag term in the equation of motion are considered: neglect of drag, drag linearization and retention of the complete nonlinear form. A closed-form solution for the former two approximations is developed, and a numerical approach is adopted for the complete nonlinear formulation. The numerical method is used to predict the response of the column to seismic input. The dependence of cylinder tip displacement on frequency ratio and base motion amplitude follows predictable patterns of dynamic response. Peak amplitudes occur at resonance and increase with base motion amplitudes. However, this relationship is not linear because of the damping contribution of nonlinear drag forces near the free surface. The numerical and linearized drag predictions agree well with the experimental response if a suitable choice of drag coefficient is made. The neglect of drag results in very conservative resonant response predictions for large excitation amplitudes in which the free surface Keulegan-Carpenter number exceeds about 4. Drag forces can generally be neglected, however, in the estimation of response to earthquake motion because displacement amplitudes are small. In extreme cases, small lift forces can result from flow separation about the cylinder near the free surface.
Prospects For Detecting Dark Matter With GLAST In Light Of The WMAP Haze
Creators: name: Hooper, Dan
name: Zaharijas, Gabrijela
name: Finkbeiner, Douglas P.
name: Dobler, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations by the WMAP experiment have identified an excess of microwave emission from the center of the Milky Way. It has previously been shown that this "WMAP Haze" could be synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons and positrons produced in the annihilations of dark matter particles. In particular, the intensity, spectrum and angular distribution of the WMAP Haze is consistent with an electroweak scale dark matter particle (such as a supersymmetric neutralino or Kaluza-Klein dark matter in models with universal extra dimensions) annihilating with a cross section on the order of sigma v~3x10^-26 cm^3/s and distributed with a cusped halo profile. No further exotic astrophysical or annihilation boost factors are required. If dark matter annihilations are in fact responsible for the observed Haze, then other annihilation products will also be produced, including gamma rays. In this article, we study the prospects for the GLAST satellite to detect gamma rays from dark matter annihilations in the Galactic Center region in this scenario. We find that by studying only the inner 0.1 degrees around the Galactic Center, GLAST will be able to detect dark matter annihilating to heavy quarks or gauge bosons over astrophysical backgrounds with 5sigma (3sigma) significance if they are lighter than approximately 320-500 GeV (500-750 GeV). If the angular window is broadened to study the dark matter halo profile's angular extension (while simultaneously reducing the astrophysical backgrounds), WIMPs as heavy as several TeV can be identified by GLAST with high significance. Only if the dark matter particles annihilate mostly to electrons or muons will GLAST be unable to identify the gamma ray spectrum associated with the WMAP Haze.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
Formation of eccentric gas discs from sublimating or partially disrupted asteroids orbiting white dwarfs
Creators: name: Trevascus, David
name: Price, Daniel J.
name: Nealon, Rebecca
name: Liptai, David
name: Manser, Christopher J.
name: Veras, Dimitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Of the 21 known gaseous debris discs around white dwarfs, a large fraction of them display observational features that are well described by an eccentric distribution of gas. In the absence of embedded objects or additional forces, these discs should not remain eccentric for long timescales, and should instead circularise due to viscous spreading. The metal pollution and infrared excess we observe from these stars is consistent with the presence of tidally disrupted sub-stellar bodies. We demonstrate, using smoothed particle hydrodynamics, that a sublimating or partially disrupting planet on an eccentric orbit around a white dwarf will form and maintain a gas disc with an eccentricity within 0.1 of, and lower than, that of the orbiting body. We also demonstrate that the eccentric gas disc observed around the white dwarf SDSS J1228+1040 can be explained by the same hypothesis.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, accepted to MNRAS Letters
Configuration mixing in strange tetraquarks $Z_{cs}$
Creators: name: Karliner, Marek
name: Rosner, Jonathan L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The BESIII Collaboration has observed a candidate for a $c \bar c s \bar u$ tetraquark $Z_{cs}$ at $(3982.5^{+1.8}_{-2.6} \pm 2.1)$ MeV and width $(12.8^{+5.3}_{-4.4} \pm 3.0)$ MeV, while the LHCb Collaboration has observed a $Z_{cs}$ candidate in the $\jpsi K^-$ channel with mass of $(4003 \pm 6 ^{+4}_{-14})$ MeV and width $(131 \pm 15 \pm 26)$ MeV. In this note we examine the possibility that these two states are distinct eigenstates of a mixing process similar to that which gives rise to two axial-vector mesons labeled by the Particle Data Group $K_1(1270)$ and $K_1(1400)$. The main point is that on top of a $\bar c c$ pair, the $Z_{cs}$ states have the same light quark content as the $K_1$-s. In the compact tetraquark picture this implies several additional states, analogous to members of the $K_1$ nonet. These states have not yet been observed, nor are they required in the molecular approach. Thus experimental discovery or exclusion of these extra states will be a critical test for competing models of exotic mesons with hidden charm.
description: 6 pages, no figures. References added
Wormhole solutions in symmetric teleparallel gravity
Creators: name: Mustafa, G.
name: Hassan, Zinnat
name: Moraes, P. H. R. S.
name: Sahoo, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we obtain wormhole solutions from the Karmarkar condition in $f(Q)$ gravity formalism, in which $Q$ is the nonmetricity scalar. We show that the combination of such ingredients provides us the possibility of obtaining traversable wormholes satisfying the energy conditions. Our results contribute to $f(Q)$ gravity ascension, that was recently ignited by the natural prediction of early and late-time stages of universe expansion acceleration in the formalism.
description: Revision submitted to PLB
The optical spectrum of R Coronae Borealis close to 2003 decline
Creators: name: Kipper, Tonu
name: Klochkova, Valentina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two sets of high-resolution spectra of R CrB obtained during the 2003 light decline are described. The first set was obtained on the descending branch of the light curve when V ~12.0 and the second one in the recovery phase with V ~7.5. The usual sharp and broad emissions are described and the lines radial velocities measured. C_2 Swan system (0,0) band was found to be in emission for the first set. The other C_2 bands were in absorption. Few CN red system (5,1) band rotational lines and low excitation FeI lines were in absorption. A table with measured radial velocities of various spectral features is presented.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, baltlat2.sty
Driven transverse shear waves in a strongly coupled dusty plasma
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, P.
name: Prasad, G.
name: Sen, A.
name: Kaw, P. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The linear dispersion properties of transverse shear waves in a strongly coupled dusty plasma are experimentally studied by exciting them in a controlled manner with a variable frequency external source. The dusty plasma is maintained in the strongly coupled fluid regime with (1 < Gamma << Gamma_c) where Gamma is the Coulomb coupling parameter and Gamma_c is the crystallization limit. A dispersion relation for the transverse waves is experimentally obtained over a frequency range of 0.1 Hz to 2 Hz and found to show good agreement with viscoelastic theoretical results.
description: The manuscripts contains five pages and 6 figures
contribution to computer aided design evaluation utilizing flexible estimation and multiple linear regression analysis
Creators: name: Forde, Bruce W. R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Improvements in design, achieved through a better understanding of fabrication costs, may cause an overall cost reduction for steel structures. A flexible estimation routine, able to satisfy the needs of the particular user, has been developed to provide the mechanism for design evaluation. The functions used by the estimation program are provided by a Multiple Linear Regression (MLR) analysis of data collected by an Information System (IS). The integration of fabrication control and analysis provided by this system permits its implementation in existing environments, and presents an important technological gain for the fabrication process. Traditional design approaches which have relied heavily on experience can now be evaluated and improved in terms of cost competitiveness, prior to or during fabrication, by the proposed MLR strategy.
Chemical bonding and Born charge in 1T-HfS$_2$
Creators: name: Neal, Sabine N.
name: Li, Shutong
name: Birol, Turan
name: Musfeldt, Janice L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We combine infrared absorption and Raman scattering spectroscopies to explore the properties of the heavy transition metal dichalcogenide 1T-HfS$_2$. We employ the LO-TO splitting of the $E_u$ vibrational mode along with a reevaluation of mode mass, unit cell volume, and dielectric constant to reveal the Born effective charge. We find $Z^*_{\rm{B}}$ = 5.3$e$, in excellent agreement with complementary first principles calculations. In addition to resolving controversy over the nature of chemical bonding in this system, we decompose Born charge into polarizability and local charge. We find $α$ = 5.07 Å$^3$ and $Z^{*}$ = 5.2$e$, respectively. Polar displacement-induced charge transfer from sulfur $p$ to hafnium $d$ is responsible for the enhanced Born charge compared to the nominal 4+ in hafnium. 1T-HfS$_2$ is thus an ionic crystal with strong and dynamic covalent effects. Taken together, our work places the vibrational properties of 1T-HfS$_2$ on a firm foundation and opens the door to understanding the properties of tubes and sheets.
Chemistry of layered d-metal pnictide oxides and their potential as candidates for new superconductors
Creators: name: Ozawa, Tadashi C.
name: Kauzlarich, Susan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered d-metal pnictide oxides are a unique class of compounds which consists of characteristic d-metal pnictide layers and metal oxide layers. More than 100 of these layered compounds, including the recently discovered Fe-based superconducting pnictide oxides, can be classified into 9 structure types. These structure types and the chemical and physical properties of the characteristic d-metal pnictide layers and metal oxide layers of the layered d-metal pnictide oxides are reviewed and discussed. Furthermore, possible approaches to design new superconductors based on these layered d-metal pnictide oxides are proposed.
description: 29 pages including 6 tables and 2 figures
Jet Quenching in Heavy Ion Collisions from AdS/CFT
Creators: name: Edelstein, Jose D.
name: Salgado, Carlos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phenomenon of jet supression observed in highly energetic heavy ion collisions is discussed. The focus is devoted to the stunning applications of the AdS/CFT correspondence to describe these real time processes, hard to be illuminated by other means. In particular, the introduction of as many flavors as colors into the quark-gluon plasma is scrutinized.
description: 14 pages; talk given at "Ten Years of AdS/CFT: A Workshop Celebrating the Tenth Anniversary of the Maldacena Conjecture", Buenos Aires, December 2007