cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Responsiveness of cardiometabolic-related microbiota to diet is influenced by host genetics
Creators: name: O’Connor, Annalouise
name: Quizon, Pamela M.
name: Albright, Jody E.
name: Bennett, Brian J.
name: Lin, Fred T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Intestinal microbial community structure is driven by host genetics in addition to environmental factors such as diet. In comparison with environmental influences, the effect of host genetics on intestinal microbiota, and how host-driven differences alter host metabolism is unclear. Additionally, the interaction between host genetics and diet, and the impact on the intestinal microbiome and possible down-stream effect on host metabolism is not fully understood, but represents another aspects of inter-individual variation in disease risk. The objectives of this study were to investigate how diet and genetic background shape microbial communities, and how these diet- and genetic-driven microbial differences relate to cardiometabolic phenotypes. To determine these effects, we used the 8 progenitor strains of the collaborative cross/diversity outbred mapping panels (C57BL/6J, A/J, NOD/ShiLtJ, NZO/HILtJ, WSB/EiJ, CAST/EiJ, PWK/PhJ, and 129S1/SvImJ). 16s rRNA profiling of enteric microbial communities in addition to the assessment of phenotypes central to cardiometabolic health was conducted under baseline nutritional conditions and in response to diets varying in atherogenic nutrient (fat, cholesterol, cholic acid) composition. These studies revealed strain-driven differences in enteric microbial communities which were retained with dietary intervention. Diet–strain interactions were seen for a core group of cardiometabolic-related microbial taxa. In conclusion, these studies highlight diet and genetically regulated cardiometabolic-related microbial taxa. Furthermore, we demonstrate the progenitor model is useful for nutrigenomic-based studies and screens seeking to investigate the interaction between genetic background and the phenotypic and microbial response to diet.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00335-014-9540-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
The Collaborative Cross as a Resource for Modeling Human Disease: CC011/Unc, a New Mouse Model for Spontaneous Colitis
Creators: name: Miller, Darla R.
name: Morgan, Andrew P.
name: Godfrey, Virginia L.
name: Christensen, Alexis M.
name: de Villena, Fernando Pardo-Manuel
name: Rogala, Allison R.
name: Gooch, Terry J.
name: Bell, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an immune-mediated condition driven by improper responses to intestinal microflora in the context of environmental and genetic background. GWAS in humans have identified many loci associated with IBD, but animal models are valuable for dissecting the underlying molecular mechanisms, characterizing environmental and genetic contributions and developing treatments. Mouse models rely on interventions such as chemical treatment or introduction of an infectious agent to induce disease. Here, we describe a new model for IBD in which the disease develops spontaneously in 20-week-old mice in the absence of known murine pathogens. The model is part of the Collaborative Cross and came to our attention due to a high incidence of rectal prolapse in an incompletely inbred line. Necropsies revealed a profound proliferative colitis with variable degrees of ulceration and vasculitis, splenomegaly and enlarged mesenteric lymph nodes with no discernible anomalies of other organ systems. Phenotypic characterization of the CC011/Unc mice with homozygosity ranging from 94.1 to 99.8% suggested that the trait was fixed and acted recessively in crosses to the colitis-resistant C57BL/6J inbred strain. Using a QTL approach, we identified four loci, Ccc1, Ccc2,Ccc3 and Ccc4 on chromosomes 12, 14, 1 and 8 that collectively explain 27.7% of the phenotypic variation. Surprisingly, we also found that minute levels of residual heterozygosity in CC011/Unc have significant impact on the phenotype. This work demonstrates the utility of the CC as a source of models of human disease that arises through new combinations of alleles at susceptibility loci.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s00335-013-9499-2) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Boeckella major (Copepoda: Calanoida): a predator in Australian ephemeral pools
Creators: name: Green, John D
name: Shiel, Russell J
name: Littler, Ray A
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Small ephemeral pools in the Murray-Darling basin, Australia, that dry annually lack fish and are dominated by microfauna. Community size structures and species diversity are very variable and many ponds contain one or more of the large calanoid copepods, Boeckella major, Boeckella pseudochelae and Hemiboeckella searli. Gut content analysis showed that these species were omnivores with B, major being the most carnivorous and B. pseudochelae the least. B. major guts contained 21 animal taxa (cladocerans, calanoid and cyclopoid copepodids, nauplii and rotifers), H. searli contained 15 taxa (calanoid, cyclopoid and harpacticoid copepods, nauplii and rotifers) and B. pseudochelae 8 taxa (small cladocerans, nauplii and rotifers). Mean numbers of animals per gut differed significantly between the large calanoids and in B. major, B. pseudochelae and H. searli were, respectively, 2.9, 0.6 and 0.2. In B. major "Rotifers" were positively selected, "Copepodites" and "Others" neutrally selected and "Cladocera" and "Nauplii" negatively preferred. In H. searli "Copepodites", "Nauplii" and "Rotifers" were neutrally selected, and "Others" negatively preferred. B. pseudochelae showed negative preference for "Cladocera", "Nauplii" and "Others", and "Rotifers" were neutrally selected. At sites containing B. major, species diversity was significantly reduced and community size structure (measured as mean and median log-length, % of sizes >500 mu m) was significantly larger than it was at sites lacking large calanoids or with only B. pseudochelae and H. searli. It is hypothesised that predation by B. major may be an important force structuring the communities of these habitats.
Lower low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels are associated with Parkinson's disease
Creators: name: Xiang, Dong
name: Woodard, Jennifer L.
name: Wang, Yi-Zhe
name: Chen, Honglei
name: Miller, William C.
name: Poole, Charles
name: Huang, Xuemei
name: Mailman, Richard B.
name: Chen, Peter C.
name: Murrow, Richard W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The apolipoprotein E (APOE) ε2 allele has been associated with both Parkinson’s disease (PD) and lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C). The study is to test the hypothesis that lower LDL-C may be associated with PD. This case-control study used fasting lipid profiles obtained from 124 PD cases and 110 controls, the PD cases recruited from consecutive cases presenting at our tertiary Movement Disorder Clinic, and controls recruited from the spouse populations of the same clinic. Multivariate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from unconditional logistic regressions, adjusting for age, gender, smoking status, and use of cholesterol-lowering agents. Lower LDL-C concentrations were associated with a higher prevalence of PD. Compared with participants with the highest LDL-C (≥139 mg/dL), the OR was 2.2 (95% CI 0.9–5.1) for participants with LDL-C of 115–138, 3.5 (95% CI 1.6–8.1) for LDL-C of 93–114, and 2.6 (95% CI 1.1 – 5.9) for LDL-C ≤ 92. Interestingly, use of cholesterol lowering drugs or just statins was related to lower PD prevalence. Our data provide preliminary evidence that low LDL-C may be associated with higher occurrence of PD, and/or that statin use may lower PD occurrence; either of which findings warrant further investigations.
Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering data for Ruddlesden-Popper and reduced Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates
Creators: name: Fabbris, G.
name: Meyers, D.
name: Shen, Y.
name: Bisogni, V.
name: Zhang, J.
name: Mitchell, J. F.
name: Norman, M. R.
name: Johnston, S.
name: Feng, J.
name: Chiuzbaian, G. S.
name: Nicolaou, A.
name: Jaouen, N.
name: Dean, M. P. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ruddlesden-Popper and reduced Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates are intriguing candidates for mimicking the properties of high-temperature superconducting cuprates. The degree of similarity between these nickelates and cuprates has been the subject of considerable debate. Resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) has played an important role in exploring their electronic and magnetic excitations, but these efforts have been stymied by inconsistencies between different samples and the lack of publicly available data for detailed comparison. To address this issue, we present open RIXS data on La4Ni3O10 and La4Ni3O8.
description: Data descriptor article; accepted in Scientific Data; 8 pages; 6 figures
Event-by-event simulation of a quantum delayed-choice experiment
Creators: name: Donker, Hylke C.
name: De Raedt, Hans
name: Michielsen, Kristel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum delayed-choice experiment of Tang et al. [Nature Photonics 6 (2012) 600] is simulated on the level of individual events without making reference to concepts of quantum theory or without solving a wave equation. The simulation results are in excellent agreement with the quantum theoretical predictions of this experiment. The implication of the work presented in the present paper is that the experiment of Tang et al. can be explained in terms of cause-and-effect processes in an event-by-event manner.
description: Computer Physics Communications 2014
A Drift-Diffusion Equation for Charge Transport in Inhomogeneous Materials
Creators: name: Liemant, Alfred
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: charge carriers transport
subject: hopping processes
subject: 60K35
subject: 82B44

description: From a hopping rate equation for disordered materials we derive a macroscopic drift-diffusion equation. For this purposes two space-time scales are simultaneously considered. The microscopic dynamics is characterized by the distribution of localized states and the hopping rate. On the macroscopic space scale both the hopping rate and the disordered material are allowed to be inhomogeneous.
Modeling the dynamics of single-bubble sonoluminescence
Creators: name: Vignoli, Lucas L.
name: de Barros, Ana L. F.
name: Thomé, Roberto C. A.
name: Nogueira, A. L. M. A.
name: Paschoal, Ricardo C.
name: Rodrigues, Hilario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sonoluminescence (SL) is the phenomenon in which acoustic energy is (partially) transformed into light. It may occur by means of many or just one bubble of gas inside a liquid medium, giving rise to the terms multi-bubble- and single-bubble sonoluminescence (MBSL and SBSL). In the last years some models have been proposed to explain this phenomenon, but there is still no complete theory for the light emission mechanism (especially in the case of SBSL). In this work, we will not address this more complicated particular issue, but only present a simple model describing the dynamical behaviour of the sonoluminescent bubble, in the SBSL case. Using simple numerical techniques within the software Matlab, we discuss solutions considering various possibilities for some of the parameters involved: liquid compressibility, superficial tension, viscosity, and type of gas. The model may be used as an introductory study of sonoluminescence in physics courses at undergraduate or graduate levels, as well as a quite clarifying example of a physical system exhibiting large nonlinearity.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. European Journal of Physics (2013)
A Recommended Scale for Cognitive Screening in Clinical Trials of Parkinson’s Disease
Creators: name: Litvan, Irene
name: Goldman, Jennifer
name: Tröster, Alexander I.
name: Uc, Ergun Y.
name: Frei, Karen
name: Levin, Bonnie
name: Amick, Melissa M.
name: Gitelman, Darren
name: Brandt, Jason
name: Camicioli, Richard
name: Chou, Kelvin L.
name: Simuni, Tanya
name: Marsh, Laura
name: Growdon, John
name: Hurtig, Howard I.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Cognitive impairment is common in Parkinson’s disease (PD). There is a critical need for a brief, standard cognitive screening measure for use in PD trials whose primary focus is not on cognition.
Dissolved organic matter and phosphorus leached from fresh and 'terrestrially' aged river red gum leaves: implications for assessing river–floodplain interactions
Creators: name: Baldwin, D. S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

1. The rates of leaching, speciation and bioavailability of dissolved organic matter (DOM) and dissolved phosphorus (P) leached from fresh leaves of the river redgum, Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh, were compared to those from leaves which had been aged on the flood plain for 5_months. The DOM and P leaching rates from microbially inhibited aged leaves were first-order with respect to leaf quantity. The kinetics of DOM and P leaching from fresh leaves were more complex; DOM leaching from fresh leaves appeared to be self-inhibitory, while P leaching from leaves was potentially enzymatically mediated.2. The speciation and microbial bioavailability of DOM from fresh and aged leaves were completely different. At lower leaf biomass, almost all the DOM from fresh leaves was utilized by an introduced microbial consortium; at higher biomass, microbial utilization appeared to be nutrient limited. Conversely, only about 30% of the DOM leached from aged leaves was utilized by the introduced microbial consortium during the course of the experiment. The difference in microbial utilization could be a result of changes in DOM speciation as a consequence of terrestrial ageing.3. Weak-anion exchange chromatograms of microbially inhibited fresh leaf extracts showed numerous (unassigned) DOM peaks, most of which could be used by the microbial consortium present. The weak-anion exchange chromatograms of sterile aged leaves showed only three broad peaks and a number of smaller spikes. Only one of the broad peaks could be utilized by the microbial consortium.4. Phosphorus speciation was also determined by weak-anion exchange chromatography. Most of the P leached from both fresh and aged leaves was free orthophosphate, and therefore, readily available. Two organic-P species leached from microbially inhibited fresh leaves were also found to be readily available to the microbiota.
Definition and classification of hyperkinetic movements in childhood
Creators: name: Kornblau, Barbara
name: Singer, Harvey S.
name: Swoboda, Kathy J.
name: Collins, Abigail
name: Fowler, Eileen
name: Lehman, Rebecca K.
name: Butler, Erin E.
name: Michaels, Margaret Barry
name: Krosschell, Kristin J.
name: Malanga, C. J.
name: Dayanidhi, Sudarshan
name: Gormley, Mark E.
name: Gorman, Sharon L.
name: Mink, Jonathan W.
name: Pearson, Toni S.
name: Chen, Daofen
name: Jinnah, H. A.
name: Fehlings, Darcy L.
name: Mesterman, Ronit
name: Chen, Robert
name: Valero-Cuevas, Francisco
name: Gilbert, Donald L.
name: Ben-Pazi, Hilla
name: Forssberg, Hans
name: Hallett, Mark
name: Rose, Jessica
name: Russman, Barry S.
name: Lang, Anthony E.
name: Alter, Katharine
name: Sternad, Dagmar
name: MacKinnon, Colum
name: Sanger, Terence D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Hyperkinetic movements are unwanted or excess movements that are frequently seen in children with neurologic disorders. They are an important clinical finding with significant implications for diagnosis and treatment. However, the lack of agreement on standard terminology and definitions interferes with clinical treatment and research. We describe definitions of dystonia, chorea, athetosis, myoclonus, tremor, tics, and stereotypies that arose from a consensus meeting in June 2008 of specialists from different clinical and basic science fields. Dystonia is a movement disorder in which involuntary sustained or intermittent muscle contractions cause twisting and repetitive movements, abnormal postures, or both. Chorea is an ongoing random-appearing sequence of one or more discrete involuntary movements or movement fragments. Athetosis is a slow, continuous, involuntary writhing movement that prevents maintenance of a stable posture. Myoclonus is a sequence of repeated, often non-rhythmic, brief shock-like jerks due to sudden involuntary contraction or relaxation of one or more muscles. Tremor is a rhythmic back-and-forth or oscillating involuntary movement about a joint axis. Tics are repeated, individually recognizable, intermittent movements or movement fragments that are almost always briefly suppressible and are usually associated with awareness of an urge to perform the movement. Stereotypies are repetitive, simple movements that can be voluntarily suppressed. We provide recommended techniques for clinical examination and suggestions for differentiating between the different types of hyperkinetic movements, noting that there may be overlap between conditions. These definitions and the diagnostic recommendations are intended to be reliable and useful for clinical practice, communication between clinicians and researchers, and for the design of quantitative tests that will guide and assess the outcome of future clinical trials.
Additional file 2 of Validation of retail food outlet data from a Danish government inspection database
Creators: name: Bernsdorf, Kamille Almer
name: Bøggild, Henrik
name: Aadahl, Mette
name: Toft, Ulla
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2. List of search terms and characteristics for identification, location and classification of food outlets in the Smiley Register; Search terms are mainly given for the moderate definitions. Further, search terms are given for coffee shops that are included in the broad definitions of restaurants and fast food.
File Sharing for: WES-2023-49 - Sensitivity Analysis of Numerical Modeling Input Parameters on Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Loads
Creators: name: Wiley, Will
name: Jonkman, Jason
name: Robertson, Amy
name: Shaler, Kelsey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: OpenFAST; floating offshore wind turbine; sensitivity

description: The files correspond to the 2023 Wind Energy Science paper: "Wiley, W., Jonkman, J., Robertson, A., and Shaler, K.: Sensitivity Analysis of Numerical Modeling Input Parameters on Floating Offshore Wind Turbine Loads, Wind Energ. Sci., https://doi.org/10.5194/wes-2023-49, 2023." All plots from the paper are provided in a pickle file format for open access to the resulting data. The OpenFAST and TurbSim input files are provided for the nominal values of all variable input parameters for the below-rated wind condition.
The evolutionary sequence of active galactic nuclei as the result of close galaxy interactions
Creators: name: Koulouridis, Elias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN)
Galaxy interactions
Starburst
X-rays
Clusters of galaxies

description: The purpose of the present thesis is to bring out the similarities and the differences of the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN), by studying the environment of Seyfert and of Bright IRAS galaxies (BIRG, which in their majority are Starburst and Sy2 galaxies) and compare it with the environment of normal (non-active) galaxies. The Starburst/AGN connection is also studied and the spectroscopic analysis and classification of all the neighbouring galaxies of Seyferts and BIRGs is included, in an attempt to find the expected bidirectional relation between interacting galaxies. We propose an evolutionary scenario, which includes all types of active galaxies present in the local universe. The last part approaches the problem from a different angle, that of the galaxy clusters. In this case the selection of the AGNs is based on their X-ray emission, using data from the XMM-Newton satellite. Finally, we compare our findings with optical data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey.
Coherent beam-beam mode in the LHC
Creators: name: Buffat, X.
name: Calaga, R.
name: Giachino, R.
name: Herr, W.
name: Papotti, G.
name: Pieloni, T.
name: White, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of single bunch beam-beam coherent modes during dedicated experiments in the LHC are presented. Their role in standard operation for physics is discussed and, in particular, candidates of beam-beam coherent mode driven unstable by the machine impedance are presented.
description: 4 pages, contribution to the ICFA Mini-Workshop on Beam-Beam Effects in Hadron Colliders, CERN, Geneva, Switzerland, 18-22 Mar 2013
Combined R2* and Diffusion Tensor Imaging Changes in the Substantia Nigra in Parkinson's Disease
Creators: name: Lewis, Mechelle M.
name: Shaffer, Michele L.
name: Yang, Qing X.
name: Huang, Xuemei
name: Sen, Suman
name: Styner, Martin
name: Du, Guangwei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Recent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies suggest increased transverse relaxation rate (R2*) and reduced diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fractional anisotropy (FA) values in the SN in PD. The R2* and FA changes may reflect different aspects of PD-related pathological processes (i.e., tissue iron deposition and microstructure disorganization). This study investigated the combined changes of R2* and FA in the SN in PD.
Photometric study of the late-time near-infrared plateau in Type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Deckers, M.
name: Graur, O.
name: Maguire, K.
name: Shingles, L.
name: Brennan, S. J.
name: Anderson, J. P.
name: Burke, J.
name: Chen, T. -W.
name: Galbany, L.
name: Grayling, M. J. P.
name: Gutiérrez, C. P.
name: Harvey, L.
name: Hiramatsu, D.
name: Howell, D. A.
name: Inserra, C.
name: Killestein, T.
name: McCully, C.
name: Müller-Bravo, T. E.
name: Nicholl, M.
name: Newsome, M.
name: Gonzalez, E. Padilla
name: Pellegrino, C.
name: Terreran, G.
name: Terwel, J. H.
name: Toy, M.
name: Young, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an in-depth study of the late-time near-infrared plateau in Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia), which occurs between 70-500 d. We double the existing sample of SNe Ia observed during the late-time near-infrared plateau with new observations taken with the Hubble Space Telescope, Gemini, New Technology Telescope, the 3.5m Calar Alto Telescope, and the Nordic Optical Telescope. Our sample consists of 24 nearby SNe Ia at redshift < 0.025. We are able to confirm that no plateau exists in the Ks band for most normal SNe Ia. SNe Ia with broader optical light curves at peak tend to have a higher average brightness on the plateau in J and H, most likely due to a shallower decline in the preceding 100 d. SNe Ia that are more luminous at peak also show a steeper decline during the plateau phase in H. We compare our data to state-of-the-art radiative transfer models of nebular SNe Ia in the near-infrared. We find good agreement with the sub-Mch model that has reduced non-thermal ionisation rates, but no physical justification for reducing these rates has yet been proposed. An analysis of the spectral evolution during the plateau demonstrates that the ratio of [Fe II] to [Fe III] contribution in a near-infrared filter determines the light curve evolution in said filter. We find that overluminous SNe decline slower during the plateau than expected from the trend seen for normal SNe Ia
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Effects of hydrological variation and planktivorous competition on macroinvertebrate community structure in experimental billabongs
Creators: name: Nielsen, D. L
name: Hillman, T. J
name: Smith, F. J
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

1. To study two factors which are predicted as causing changes to community structure in cut-off meanders (colloquially known in Australia as billabongs, a term of aboriginal origin), 16 experimental billabongs were constructed. These were designed to test two hypotheses: (a) that the structure of macrophyte and invertebrate communities within billabongs is altered by changing the pattern of flooding; and (b) that the presence of small planktivorous fish alters invertebrate community structure and diversity within billabongs.2. An increase in the duration of flooding seems to favour animals better adapted to a greater availability of macrophyte habitat. Changing the seasonality of flooding resulted in prolonging of the time water was available over the summer months.3. The presence of a planktivorous fish appears to affect macroinvertebrate communities through competition with other planktivores. Variable top-down pressure may create differing successional patterns and ultimately different communities at lower trophic levels.
Dominating Scale-Free Networks Using Generalized Probabilistic Methods
Creators: name: Molnár, F.
name: Derzsy, N.
name: Czabarka, É.
name: Székely, L.
name: Szymanski, B. K.
name: Korniss, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study ensemble-based graph-theoretical methods aiming to approximate the size of the minimum dominating set (MDS) in scale-free networks. We analyze both analytical upper bounds of dominating sets and numerical realizations for applications. We propose two novel probabilistic dominating set selection strategies that are applicable to heterogeneous networks. One of them obtains the smallest probabilistic dominating set and also outperforms the deterministic degree-ranked method. We show that a degree-dependent probabilistic selection method becomes optimal in its deterministic limit. In addition, we also find the precise limit where selecting high-degree nodes exclusively becomes inefficient for network domination. We validate our results on several real-world networks, and provide highly accurate analytical estimates for our methods.
MDS task force on mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Critical review of PD-MCI
Creators: name: Litvan, Irene
name: Tröster, Alexander I.
name: Mollenhauer, Brit
name: Goldman, Jennifer G.
name: Adler, Charles H.
name: Kulisevsky, Jaime
name: Rodriguez-Oroz, Maria C.
name: Aarsland, Dag
name: Weintraub, Daniel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: There is controversy regarding the definition and characteristics of mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson’s disease.
RXJ0437+00: Constraining Dark Matter with Exotic Gravitational Lenses
Creators: name: Lagattuta, David J.
name: Richard, Johan
name: Ebeling, Harald
name: Basto, Quentin
name: Cerny, Catherine
name: Edge, Alastair
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
name: Mahler, Guillaume
name: Massey, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first strong-gravitational-lensing analysis of the galaxy cluster RXJ0437.1+0043 (RXJ0437; z = 0.285). Newly obtained, deep MUSE observations, Keck/MOSFIRE near-infrared spectroscopy, and Hubble Space Telescope SNAPshot imaging reveal 13 multiply imaged background galaxies, three of them (at z=1.98, 2.97, and 6.02, respectively) in hyperbolic umbilic (H-U) lensing configurations. The H-U images are located only 20 -- 50 kpc from the cluster centre, i.e., at distances well inside the Einstein radius where images from other lens configurations are demagnified and often unobservable. Extremely rare (only one H-U lens was known previously) these systems are able to constrain the inner slope of the mass distribution -- and unlike radial arcs, the presence of H-U configurations is not biased towards shallow cores. The galaxies lensed by RXJ0437 are magnified by factors ranging from 30 to 300 and (in the case of H-U systems) stretched nearly isotropically. Taking advantage of this extreme magnification, we demonstrate how the source galaxies in H-U systems can be used to probe for small-scale ($\sim 10^{9} M_{\odot}$) substructures, providing additional insight into the nature of dark matter.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables (including 1 in an appendix). Accepted in MNRAS
Improved Numerical Methods for the Simulation of Microwave Circuits
Creators: name: Hebermehl, Georg
name: Heinrich, Wolfgang
name: Schlundt, Rainer
name: Zscheile, Horst
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Maxwellian equations
subject: boundary value problem
subject: finite-volume method
subject: eigenvalue problem
subject: system of linear algebraic equations
subject: 35Q60
subject: 35L20
subject: 65N22
subject: 65F10
subject: 65F15

description: The scattering matrix describes monolithic microwave integrated circuits that are connected to transmission lines in terms of their wave modes. Using a finite-volume method the corresponding boundary value problem of Maxwell's equations can be solved by means of a two-step procedure. An eigenvalue problem for non-symmetric matrices yields the wave modes. The eigenfunctions determine the boundary values at the ports of the transmission lines for the calculation of the fields in the three dimensional structure. The electromagnetic fields and the scattering matrix elements are achieved by the solution of large-scale systems of linear equations with indefinite symmetric matrices. Improved numerical solutions for the time and memory consuming problems are treated in this paper. The numerical effort could be reduced considerably.
The Role for the Inner Disk in Mass Accretion to the Star in the Early Phase of Star Formation
Creators: name: Ohtani, Takuya
name: Kimura, Shigeo S.
name: Tsuribe, Toru
name: Vorobyov, Eduard I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A physical mechanism that drives FU Orionis-type outbursts is reconsidered. We study the effect of inner part of a circumstellar disk covering a region from near the central star to the radius of approximately $5$ AU (hereafter, the inner disk). Using the fluctuated mass accretion rate onto the inner disk $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$, we consider the viscous evolution of the inner disk and the time variability of the mass accretion rate onto the central star $\dot{M}_{\rm in}$ by means of numerical calculation of an unsteady viscous accretion disk in a one-dimensional axisymmetric model. First, we calculate the evolution of the inner disk assuming an oscillating $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$. It is shown that the time variability of $\dot{M}_{\rm in}$ does not coincide with $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$ due to viscous diffusion. Second, we investigate the properties of spontaneous outbursts with temporally constant $\dot{M}_{\rm out}$. Outburst occur only in a limited range of mass accretion rates onto the inner disk $10^{-10}
description: 20 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in PASJ
Parallelized numerical methods for large systems of differential-algebraic equations in industrial application
Creators: name: Borchardt, Jürgen
name: Grund, Friedrich
name: Horn, Dietmar
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Systems of differential-algebraic equations
subject: Block partitioned systems
subject: Newton-type methods
subject: Gaussian elimination
subject: Sparse-matrix techniques
subject: Parallelization
subject: Electric circuit simulation
subject: Chemical process simulation.
subject: 65Y05
subject: 65L05
subject: 65H10
subject: 65F50
subject: 80A30
subject: 92E20

description: Based on a hierarchical modular modeling the large nonlinear systems of differential algebraic equations arising from industrial applications in electric circuit simulation or in dynamic process simulation of chemical plants can be structured into subsystems. Parallelized numerical methods for solving such systems are considered at the level of nonlinear and linear equations. Merging subsystems to blocks and extending the systems of nonlinear equations resulting from backward differentiation formulas block-structured Newton-type methods can be used for their solution on parallel computers. A parallelized Gaussian elimination method using pseudo code techniques for the LU-factorization of the large sparse systems of linear equations is implemented. The methods are successfully used on parallel and vector computers for the time domain simulation of VLSI circuits as well as for the dynamic process simulation of complex chemical production plants.
Resource Letter TTSM-1: Teaching thermodynamics and statistical mechanics in introductory physics, chemistry, and biology
Creators: name: Dreyfus, Benjamin W.
name: Geller, Benjamin D.
name: Meltzer, David E.
name: Sawtelle, Vashti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This Resource Letter draws on discipline-based education research from physics, chemistry, and biology to collect literature on the teaching of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics in the three disciplines. While the overlap among the disciplinary literatures is limited at present, we hope this Resource Letter will spark more interdisciplinary interaction.
description: The first two authors contributed equally to this work
Can we observe the ion-neutral drift velocity in prestellar cores?
Creators: name: Tritsis, Aris
name: Basu, Shantanu
name: Federrath, Christoph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given the low ionization fraction of molecular clouds, ambipolar diffusion is thought to be an integral process in star formation. However, chemical and radiative-transfer effects, observational challenges, and the fact that the ion-neutral drift velocity is inherently very small render a definite detection of ambipolar diffusion extremely non-trivial. Here, we study the ion-neutral drift velocity in a suite of chemodynamical, non-ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD), two-dimensional axisymmetric simulations of prestellar cores where we alter the temperature, cosmic-ray ionization rate, visual extinction, mass-to-flux ratio, and chemical evolution. Subsequently, we perform a number of non-local thermodynamic equilibrium (non-LTE) radiative-transfer calculations considering various idealized and non-idealized scenarios in order to assess which factor (chemistry, radiative transfer and/or observational difficulties) is the most challenging to overcome in our efforts to detect the ion-neutral drift velocity. We find that temperature has a significant effect in the amplitude of the drift velocity with the coldest modelled cores (T = 6 K) exhibiting drift velocities comparable to the sound speed. Against expectations, we find that in idealized scenarios (where two species are perfectly chemically co-evolving) the drift velocity ``survives" radiative-transfer effects and can in principle be observed. However, we find that observational challenges and chemical effects can significantly hinder our view of the ion-neutral drift velocity. Finally, we propose that $\rm{HCN}$ and $\rm{HCNH^+}$, being chemically co-evolving, could be used in future observational studies aiming to measure the ion-neutral drift velocity.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Exploring the influence of synchronous in-group chants & identity fusion on parochial altruism among soccer fans
Creators: name: Bortolini, Tiago
name: Fischer, Ronald
name: Newson, Martha
name: Moll, Francisco
name: Latgé, Sofia
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Other Psychology
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Biological Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This registration includes the conceptual background, hypothesis, predictions and proposed analysis for an online study on how the formidability of (football) synchronous chants is perceived in comparison to asynchronous chants and its potential effects on pro/anti-social behavior.
La rilevanza delle narrazioni e dei posizionamenti nello studio dell’interculturale
Creators: name: Amadasi, Sara
Publisher: name: Universita' degli Studi di Salerno
Year: 2021
Subjects: Non-essentialism
Intercultural
Interaction

description: The purpose of this work is to contribute to the study of the intercultural by associating the intercultural with the concepts of narrative and positioning. In the last decades, the analysis of intercultural communication has privileged an essentialist understanding of culture, iden-tity and cultural differences. Following a non-essentialist approach, this paper focuses on the intercultural rather than the more common label of ‘intercultural communication’ in or-der to pull away from an established perspective which sees individuals as guided, in their behaviour and choices, by their national and cultural belonging. By doing this, the concepts of narratives and positionings become extremely relevant as they permit to observe interac-tions as contingent events where individuals make choices on the basis of contextual inter-actional elements and personal needs. Moreover, these concepts permit to look at culture as a set of meanings under ongoing changes and which are related to the negotiations occur-ring between participants in a specific social event. In these negotiations, the agency of par-ticipants is a key element for the (inter)cultural everyday creativity
Additional file 1 of Repellent activity against Anopheles gambiae of the leaves of nesting trees in the Sebitoli chimpanzee community of Kibale National Park, Uganda
Creators: name: Lacroux, Camille
name: Pouydebat, Emmanuelle
name: Rossignol, Marie
name: Durand, Sophie
name: Aleeje, Alfred
name: Asalu, Edward
name: Chandre, Fabrice
name: Krief, Sabrina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Result of the spatial repellency assays for the 20 trees species. Table S2. Result of the contact irritancy assays for the 20 trees species. Table S3. Result of the toxicity assays for the 20 trees species.
Fish, flows and flood plains: Links between freshwater fishes and their environment in the Murray-Darling River System, Australia
Creators: name: Humphries, Paul
name: King, Alison J
name: Koehn, John D
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: La Trobe University Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering Murray Darling Freshwater Research Centre

MDFRC item.

Knowledge of the biology of native fishes of the Murray-Darling Basin is based largely on studies conducted under hatchery conditions and on a limited number of recreationally important species. From observations that increases in water level in aquaculture ponds initiate spawning in some species, and from limited studies of wild fishes and studies in overseas floodplain river systems, a perception has emerged of the importance of flooding and the flood plain in the life cycles of Murray-Darling fishes in general. However, there is little confirmatory evidence of the use of temporary floodplain habitats by larvae, juveniles or adults. The significance of in-channel habitats, especially for rearing, has received little attention. Murray-Darling fish species can be placed into three life history modes, based mainly on spawning style and time and developmental intervals of larvae at first feeding. Fish in each group may be able to take advantage of floods if the timing is right and prey are plentiful, however, the larvae of some species are able to recruit under non-flood conditions within the main river channel. This forms the basis of the low flow recruitment hypothesis, which attempts to explain why some species spawn during the warmest months and lowest flows and how they are able to recruit under these conditions. This hypothesis is then placed in the context of the current state of knowledge of the relationships between flow and the biology of Murray-Darling fishes, specifically cues for spawning, movement and recruitment. The lack of widespread evidence for floodplain use by any life history interval of fish may be due to a paucity of study, however, there are some fundamental factors, such as the predictability of timing and duration of high flow events as well as the lack of coincidence of high flows and high temperatures in some regions of the Basin, which may be important in determining the use of floodplain habitats by fish.
Diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease: Movement Disorder Society Task Force guidelines
Creators: name: Litvan, Irene
name: Tröster, Alexander I.
name: Schmand, Ben A.
name: Kulisevsky, Jaime
name: Williams-Gray, Caroline H.
name: Barker, Roger A.
name: Petersen, Ronald C.
name: Goldman, Jennifer G.
name: Aarsland, Dag
name: Marder, Karen
name: Rodriguez-Oroz, Maria C.
name: Mollenhauer, Brit
name: Adler, Charles H.
name: Weintraub, Daniel
name: Emre, Murat
name: Burn, David J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Mild cognitive impairment is common in nondemented Parkinson’s disease (PD) patients and may be a harbinger of dementia. In view of its importance, the Movement Disorder Society commissioned a task force to delineate diagnostic criteria for mild cognitive impairment in PD. The proposed diagnostic criteria are based on a literature review and expert consensus. This article provides guidelines to characterize the clinical syndrome and methods for its diagnosis. The criteria will require validation, and possibly refinement, as additional research improves our understanding of the epidemiology, presentation, neurobiology, assessment, and long-term course of this clinical syndrome. These diagnostic criteria will support future research efforts to identify at the earliest stage those PD patients at increased risk of progressive cognitive decline and dementia who may benefit from clinical interventions at a predementia stage.
Reflections of Eulerian Shock Waves at Moving Adiabatic Boundaries
Creators: name: Dreyer, Wolfgang
name: Kunik, Matthias
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Kinetic theory od gases
subject: Extended Thermodynamics
subject: Maximum Entropy Principle
subject: Shock Waves
subject: 82C40
subject: 76P05
subject: 65P05
subject: 76L05

description: This study solves the initial and boundary value problem for the Euler equations of gases. The boundaries are allowed to move and are assumed to be adiabatic. In addition we shall discuss that isothermal walls are not possible within the Euler theory. We do not formulate the boundary conditions in terms of the macroscopic basic variables mass density, velocity and temperature. Instead we consider the underlying kinetic picture which exhibits the interaction of the gas atoms with the boundaries. Hereby the advantage is offered to formulate the boundary conditions in a very suggestive manner. This procedure becomes possible, because we approach the solution of the Euler equations by the following limit: We rely on the moment representation of the macroscopic basic variables, and in order to obtain the temporal development of the phase density, we decompose a given macroscopic time interval into periods of free flight of the gas atoms. These periods of duration TME are interrupted by a maximization of entropy, thus introducing a simulation of the interatomic interaction. In [2] we have shown that the Euler equations may be established in the limit TME → 0.
Spin-dependent recombination at arsenic donors in ion-implanted silicon
Creators: name: Franke, David P.
name: Ostuka, Manabu
name: Matsuoka, Takashi
name: Vlasenko, Leonid S.
name: Vlasenko, Marina P.
name: Brandt, Martin S.
name: Itoh, Kohei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-dependent transport processes in thin near-surface doping regions created by low energy ion implantation of arsenic in silicon are detected by two methods, spin-dependent recombination (SDR) using microwave photoconductivity and electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) monitoring the DC current through the sample. The high sensitivity of these techniques allows the observation of the magnetic resonance in particular of As in weak magnetic fields and at low resonance frequencies (40-1200 MHz), where high-field-forbidden transitions between the magnetic substates can be observed due to the mixing of electron and nuclear spin states. Several implantation-induced defects are present in the samples studied and act as spin readout partner. We explicitly demonstrate this by electrically detected electron double resonance experiments and identify a pair recombination of close pairs formed by As donors and oxygen-vacancy centers in an excited triplet state (SL1) as the dominant spin-dependent process in As-implanted Czochralski-grown Si.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures