Purpurata iopasalis Xue & Lu & Du 2024, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Xue, Xin-Lei
name: Lu, Xiao-Qiang
name: Du, Xi-Cui
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Crambidae
Purpurata
Purpurata iopasalis

description: Purpurata iopasalis (Walker, 1859) comb. nov.
Figs 7, 14, 14 a – c
Botys iopasalis Walker, 1859: 652. Type locality: India (Hindustan). Type depository: NHMUK.
Boty boteralis Walker, 1859: 716. Type locality: Malaysia (Sarawak).
Sylepta [sic] marcidalis Swinhoe, 1906: 382.
Pleuroptya iopasalis: Inoue 1982: 1: 343, 2: 234, 454.
Patania clava Xu & Du, 2016: 130, figs 1–4, 9–10. Syn. nov. Type locality: China (Hainan).
Material examined.
Holotype of Patania clava • 1 ♂, China, Hainan Prov., Diaoluo Mountain, alt. 900 m, 23 May 2014, Li-Jun Xu & Dan Xu leg., genitalia slide number XD 15056. Paratype of P. clava • 1 ♀, same data as holotype, genitalia slide number XD 15050.
Additional material.
China • Hainan Prov., 1 ♂, Wuzhi Mountain, alt. 795 m, 20 May 2014, Li-Jun Xu & Dan Xu leg., genitalia slide no.: XXL 23277.
Diagnosis.
This species is similar to P. obfuscalis in appearance, but can be distinguished by the larger size (forewing length 13.0–19.0 mm, wingspan 33.0–35.0 mm), antenna with ventral cilia approximately as long as flagellomere diameter in male, postmedial line of fore and hind wings punctiform between M 2 and CuA 2 (Fig. 7); uncus nearly triangular (Fig. 14), gnathos thick, finger-like (Fig. 14 a), costa of valva without a cluster of setae medially, fibula densely covered with setae (Fig. 14 b), phallus posteriorly with a nail head-like protruding sclerite (Fig. 14 c) in male genitalia (Fig. 14); ductus bursae ~ 4 × length of corpus bursae, signum absent in female genitalia. In P. obfuscalis, the forewing length is 8.0–15.0 mm and wingspan is 25.0–33.0 mm, the ventral cilia of antenna is ~ 1 / 3 length of flagellomere diameter in male, the postmedial lines of the fore and hind wings are dentate between M 2 and CuA 2 (Fig. 6). In male genitalia, the uncus of P. obfuscalis is semicircular (Fig. 12), the gnathos is reduced to a narrow band (Fig. 12 a), the costa of valva bears a cluster of long setae medially (Fig. 12), the fibula bears setae medially (Fig. 12 b), the phallus posteriorly has a finger-like protruding sclerite (Fig. 12 c); in female genitalia, the ductus bursae is ~ 2 × as long as the corpus bursae and a rounded signum is present (Fig. 13).
Distribution.
China (Yunnan, Hainan, Fujian, Guangdong, Taiwan) (Lu and Guan 1953; Xu and Du 2016), Japan, Indonesia, India, Myanmar, Sri Lanka, Malaysia, Thailand, Timor Leste, Philippines, Caroline Islands, Papua New Guinea, Pakistan, Australia (Hampson 1896; Shibuya 1928, 1929; Klima 1939; Inoue 1982; Wang and Speidel 2000).
Remarks.
The uncus and fibula of this species are narrower than in other species of this genus. We found that the external morphology and male genitalia characters of Patania clava were the same as those of Purpurata iopasalis. Their distinctive characters were that the postmedial lines of the fore and hind wings were punctiform between M 2 and CuA 2, the gnathos was thick finger-like and setose apically (Walker 1859; Inoue 1982, Yamanaka 1998; Xu and Du 2016). Therefore, Patania clava is synonymized with Botys iopasalis. For a detailed description of this species see Walker (1859) and Xu and Du (2016). Moreover, Xu and Du (2016) described that the labial palpus of Patania clava was pale yellow with a brown patch near the base, while we observed that this species had a subapical brown spot beside this basal spot, and the subapical brown spot was obscured in some individuals.
description: Published as part of Xue, Xin-Lei, Lu, Xiao-Qiang & Du, Xi-Cui, 2024, The new genus Purpurata (Lepidoptera, Crambidae, Spilomelinae), with descriptions of two new species from China, pp. 175-194 in ZooKeys 1219 on pages 175-194, DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.1219.131102