cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Data-driven reduced order modelling for patient-specific hemodynamics of coronary artery bypass grafts with physical and geometrical parameters
Creators: name: Siena, Pierfrancesco
name: Girfoglio, Michele
name: Ballarin, Francesco
name: Rozza, Gianluigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work the development of a machine learning-based Reduced Order Model (ROM) for the investigation of hemodynamics in a patient-specific configuration of Coronary Artery Bypass Graft (CABG) is proposed. The computational domain is referred to left branches of coronary arteries when a stenosis of the Left Main Coronary Artery (LMCA) occurs. The method extracts a reduced basis space from a collection of high-fidelity solutions via a Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (POD) algorithm and employs Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) for the computation of the modal coefficients. The Full Order Model (FOM) is represented by the incompressible Navier-Stokes equations discretized using a Finite Volume (FV) technique. Both physical and geometrical parametrization are taken into account, the former one related to the inlet flow rate and the latter one related to the stenosis severity. With respect to the previous works focused on the development of a ROM framework for the evaluation of coronary artery disease, the novelties of our study include the use of the FV method in a patient-specific configuration, the use of a data-driven ROM technique and the mesh deformation strategy based on a Free Form Deformation (FFD) technique. The performance of our ROM approach is analyzed in terms of the error between full order and reduced order solutions as well as the speedup achieved at the online stage.
A novel evolutionary-based neuro-fuzzy task scheduling approach to jointly optimize the main design challenges of heterogeneous MPSoCs
Creators: name: Abdi, Athena
name: Salimi-Badr, Armin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, an online task scheduling and mapping method based on a fuzzy neural network (FNN) learned by an evolutionary multi-objective algorithm (NSGA-II) to jointly optimize the main design challenges of heterogeneous MPSoCs is proposed. In this approach, first, the FNN parameters are trained using an NSGA-II-based optimization engine by considering the main design challenges of MPSoCs including temperature, power consumption, failure rate, and execution time on a training dataset consisting of different application graphs of various sizes. Next, the trained FNN is employed as an online task scheduler to jointly optimize the main design challenges in heterogeneous MPSoCs. Due to the uncertainty in sensor measurements and the difference between computational models and reality, applying the fuzzy neural network is advantageous in online scheduling procedures. The performance of the method is compared with some previous heuristic, meta-heuristic, and rule-based approaches in several experiments. Based on these experiments our proposed method outperforms the related studies in optimizing all design criteria. Its improvement over related heuristic and meta-heuristic approaches are estimated 10.58% in temperature, 9.22% in power consumption, 39.14% in failure rate, and 12.06% in execution time, averagely. Moreover, considering the interpretable nature of the FNN, the frequently fired extracted fuzzy rules of the proposed approach are demonstrated.
description: in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing
Nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz and exact solutions of the su(n) spin chain with generic integrable boundaries
Creators: name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Shi, Kangjie
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nested off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method is proposed to diagonalize multi-component integrable models with generic integrable boundaries. As an example, the exact solutions of the su(n)-invariant spin chain model with both periodic and non-diagonal boundaries are derived by constructing the nested T-Q relations based on the operator product identities among the fused transfer matrices and the asymptotic behavior of the transfer matrices.
description: Published version
Globalisation and its implications on Indian State -An Evaluation
Creators: name: Dr. L. Thirupathi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Globalisation, change in a political role, Indian State, politics as a business- entity, MNCs, change in economic role, WTO.

description: Abstract  Due to the heightened interstate ties and dependence on one another, globalisation has altered the political role of the state. States were intended to be independent, but as a result of globalisation, they frequently cede their independence to agreements, coercion, and imposition. Because states now make political progression and regression simultaneously, causing states to become more developmental, this has led to increasingly identical jurisdictions across states and to power being perceived as an economic rather than political advancement. Additionally, the impact of globalisation on Indian politics has led to an imbalance between the interests of social classes and corporate interests, which has forced political regimes to implement what can be considered a "post-democratic" tactic. In the 21st century, there have been certain new developments in Indian politics that are not fully democratic. The increasing influence of business in politics has transformed politics into a commercial enterprise. In contrast to the image of politicians who have vested interests, the media does not accurately represent the voice of the people. The media in India participates in Indian politics and elections rather than only reporting on them. But my paper will throw some light on how developments in the global economy have a significant impact on the state's function and Service, stock exchanges, and, primarily, multinational franchises have all contributed to the creation of the global economy and intangible assets, imports, internet and electronic banking, and a shared currency among numerous governments, the state no longer has control over money. The adoption of certain market initiatives by nations is mostly influenced by international organisations like the WTO.
Effects of Cost of Capital on Firm Performance in Kenya
Creators: name: Nyamori Ochoki, Scolar
name: Mwabaka, Peter Mwadime
name: Ochieng Oloo, Hermans
name: Kamau, Charles
name: Finance Journal, East African
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Finance
Financial econometrics
Investment and risk management

description: This paper discusses the importance of the cost of capital and its impact on the performance of firms in Kenya. The cost of capital is affected by various factors such as interest rates, inflation, market conditions, and government policies. Financial managers use discounting cash flow techniques to evaluate capital investments, which requires the estimation of the project's cash flows and the discount rate. The article also explores the concept of capital structure and its significance in determining the cost of capital. Managers need to manage the capital structure effectively to optimize shareholder wealth and minimize the company's cost of capital. The article highlights the importance of balancing the mix of financing sources between debt and equity. High costs of capital can limit a firm's access to financing, while low costs of capital can improve a firm's investment and growth opportunities. This article concludes that the cost of capital is an essential factor that affects the performance of firms in Kenya. It impacts investment decisions, financial structure, and competitiveness in the market. Researchers suggest that managers should balance the use of debt and equity financing in an optimum manner to maximize shareholder wealth. However, the research suggests that high costs of capital can discourage firms from investing in new projects, reducing growth and profitability. Firms need to evaluate their cost of capital and consider strategies to lower it, such as improving creditworthiness or exploring alternative financing options.
Additional file 1 of Addiction to ultra-processed foods as a mediator between psychological stress and emotional eating during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Stariolo, Jasmin B.
name: Lemos, Thayane C.
name: Khandpur, Neha
name: Pereira, Mirtes G.
name: de Oliveira, Leticia
name: Mocaiber, Izabela
name: Ramos, Taiane C.
name: David, Isabel A.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1. Supplemental material.
Unidirectional coherent quasiparticles in the high-temperature rotational symmetry broken phase of AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors
Creators: name: Li, Hong
name: Zhao, He
name: Ortiz, Brenden
name: Oey, Yuzki
name: Wang, Ziqiang
name: Wilson, Stephen D.
name: Zeljkovic, Ilija
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kagome metals AV3Sb5 (where the A can stand for K, Cs, or Rb) display a rich phase diagram of correlated electron states, including superconductivity and density waves. Within this landscape, recent experiments revealed signs of a transition below approximately 35 K attributed to an electronic nematic phase that spontaneously breaks rotational symmetry of the lattice. Here, we show that rotational symmetry breaking initiates universally at a high temperature in these materials, toward the 2 x 2 charge density wave transition temperature. We do this via spectroscopic-imaging scanning tunneling microscopy and study atomic-scale signatures of electronic symmetry breaking across several materials in the AV3Sb5 family: CsV3Sb5, KV3Sb5 and Sn-doped CsV3Sb5. Below a significantly lower temperature of about 30 K, we measure quantum interference of quasiparticles, a key signature for the formation of a coherent electronic state. These quasiparticles display a pronounced unidirectional feature in reciprocal space that strengthens as the superconducting state is approached. Our experiments reveal that high-temperature rotation symmetry breaking and the charge ordering states are separated from the superconducting ground state by an intermediate-temperature regime with coherent unidirectional quasiparticles. This picture is phenomenologically different compared to that in high-temperature superconductors, shedding light on the complex nature of rotation symmetry breaking in AV3Sb5 kagome superconductors.
Additional file 3 of Should my child be given antibiotics? A systematic review of parental decision making in rural and remote locations
Creators: name: Marsh, Stephanie A.
name: Parsafar, Sara
name: Byrne, Mitchell K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3: Decision tree tools used for data screening (.docx)
Nonstabilizerness determining the hardness of direct fidelity estimation
Creators: name: Leone, Lorenzo
name: Oliviero, Salvatore F. E.
name: Hamma, Alioscia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we show how the resource theory of nonstabilizerness quantifies the hardness of direct fidelity estimation protocols. In particular, the resources needed for a direct fidelity estimation conducted on generic states, such as Pauli fidelity estimation and shadow fidelity estimation protocols, grow exponentially with the stabilizer Rényi entropy. Remarkably, these protocols are shown to be feasible only for those states that are useless to attain any quantum speedup or advantage. This result suggests the impossibility of estimating efficiently fidelity for generic states and, at the same time, leaves the window open to those protocols specialized at directly estimating the fidelity of particular states. We then extend our results to quantum evolutions, showing that the resources needed to certify the quality of the implementation of a given unitary $U$ are governed by the nonstabilizerness in the Choi state associated with $U$, which is shown to possess a profound connection with out-of-time order correlators.
Forced transport of deformable containers through narrow constrictions
Creators: name: Kusters, Remy
name: van der Heijden, Thijs
name: Kaoui, Badr
name: Harting, Jens
name: Storm, Cornelis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, numerically and analytically, the forced transport of deformable containers through a narrow constriction. Our central aim is to quantify the competition between the constriction geometry and the active forcing, regulating whether and at which speed a container may pass through the constriction and under what conditions it gets stuck. We focus, in particular, on the interrelation between the force that propels the container and the radius of the channel, as these are the external variables that may be directly controlled in both artificial and physiological settings. We present Lattice-Boltzmann simulations that elucidate in detail the various phases of translocation, and present simplified analytical models that treat two limiting types of these membrane containers: deformational energy dominated by the bending or stretching contribution. In either case we find excellent agreement with the full simulations, and our results reveal that not only the radius but also the length of the constriction determines whether or not the container will pass.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Stress accumulation versus shape flattening in frustrated, warped-jigsaw particle assemblies
Creators: name: Spivack, Isaac R.
name: Hall, Douglas M.
name: Grason, Gregory M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Geometrically frustrated assembly has emerged as an attractive paradigm for understanding and engineering assemblies with self-limiting, finite equilibrium dimensions. We propose and study a novel 2D particle based on a so-called "warped jigsaw" (WJ) shape design: directional bonds in a tapered particle favor curvature along multi-particle rows that frustrate 2D lattice order. We investigate how large-scale intra-assembly stress gradients emerge from the microscopic properties of the particles using a combination of numerical simulation and continuum elasticity. WJ particles can favor anisotropic ribbon assemblies, whose lateral width may be self-limiting depending on the relative strength of cohesive to elastic forces in the assembly, which we show to be controlled by the range of interactions and degree of shape misfit. The upper limits of self-limited size are controlled by the crossover between two elastic modes in assembly: the accumulation of shear with increasing width at small widths giving way to unbending of preferred row curvature, permitting assembly to grow to unlimited sizes. We show that the stiffness controlling distinct elastic modes is governed by combination and placement of repulsive and attractive binding regions, providing a means to extend the range of accumulating stress to sizes that are far in excess of the single particle size, which we corroborate via numerical studies of discrete particles of variable interactions. Lastly, we relate the ground-state energetics of the model to lower and upper limits on equilibrium assembly size control set by the fluctuations of width along the ribbon boundary.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, 2 appendices
Exact solution of the one-dimensional super-symmetric t-J model with unparallel boundary fields
Creators: name: Zhang, Xin
name: Cao, Junpeng
name: Yang, Wen-Li
name: Shi, Kangjie
name: Wang, Yupeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exact solution of the one-dimensional super-symmetric t-J model under generic integrable boundary conditions is obtained via the Bethe ansatz methods. With the coordinate Bethe ansatz, the corresponding R-matrix and K-matrices are derived for the second eigenvalue problem associated with spin degrees of freedom. It is found that the second eigenvalue problem can be transformed to that of the transfer matrix of the inhomogeneous XXX spin chain, which allows us to obtain the spectrum of the Hamiltonian and the associated Bethe ansatz equations by the off-diagonal Bethe ansatz method.
description: Published version. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1311.0432
R-Parity Conservation from a Top Down Perspective
Creators: name: Acharya, Bobby S.
name: Kane, Gordon L.
name: Kumar, Piyush
name: Lu, Ran
name: Zheng, Bob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by results from the LHC and dark matter searches, we study the possibility of phenomenologically viable R-parity violation in $SU(5)$ GUT models from a top-down point of view. We show that in contrast to the more model dependent bounds on the proton lifetime, the limits on neutrino masses provide a robust, stringent and complementary constraint on all $SU(5)$ GUT-based R-parity violating models. Focusing on well-motivated string/$M$ theory GUT frameworks with mechanisms for doublet-triplet splitting and a solution to the $μ/Bμ$ problems, we show that imposing the neutrino mass bounds implies that R-parity violation is disfavored. The arguments can also be generalized to minimal $SO(10)$ GUTs. An experimental observation of R-parity violation would, therefore, disfavor such classes of top-down GUT models.
description: Citations added, accepted to JHEP with minor revisions
Optimization of ordinary differential systems with hysteresis
Creators: name: Sprekels, Jürgen
name: Tiba, Dan
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Peano-type existence theorem
subject: continuous hysteresis operators
subject: Clarke's generalized gradient
subject: 34A34
subject: 34B15
subject: 49J15

description: We investigate general control problems governed by ordinary differential systems involving hysteresis operators. Our main hypotheses are of continuity type, and we discuss existence results, discretization methods, and approximation approaches.
Intelligent Sight and Sound: A Chronic Cancer Pain Dataset
Creators: name: Ordun, Catherine
name: Cha, Alexandra N.
name: Raff, Edward
name: Gaskin, Byron
name: Hanson, Alex
name: Rule, Mason
name: Purushotham, Sanjay
name: Gulley, James L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Cancer patients experience high rates of chronic pain throughout the treatment process. Assessing pain for this patient population is a vital component of psychological and functional well-being, as it can cause a rapid deterioration of quality of life. Existing work in facial pain detection often have deficiencies in labeling or methodology that prevent them from being clinically relevant. This paper introduces the first chronic cancer pain dataset, collected as part of the Intelligent Sight and Sound (ISS) clinical trial, guided by clinicians to help ensure that model findings yield clinically relevant results. The data collected to date consists of 29 patients, 509 smartphone videos, 189,999 frames, and self-reported affective and activity pain scores adopted from the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI). Using static images and multi-modal data to predict self-reported pain levels, early models show significant gaps between current methods available to predict pain today, with room for improvement. Due to the especially sensitive nature of the inherent Personally Identifiable Information (PII) of facial images, the dataset will be released under the guidance and control of the National Institutes of Health (NIH).
description: Published as conference paper at the 35th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (NeurIPS 2021) Track on Datasets and Benchmarks
Estimating binding properties of transcription factors from genome-wide binding profiles
Creators: name: Zabet, Nicolae Radu
name: Adryan, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The binding of transcription factors (TFs) is essential for gene expression. One important characteristic is the actual occupancy of a putative binding site in the genome. In this study, we propose an analytical model to predict genomic occupancy that incorporates the preferred target sequence of a TF in the form of a position weight matrix (PWM), DNA accessibility data (in case of eukaryotes), the number of TF molecules expected to be bound specifically to the DNA and a parameter that modulates the specificity of the TF. Given actual occupancy data in form of ChIP-seq profiles, we backwards inferred copy number and specificity for five Drosophila TFs during early embryonic development: Bicoid, Caudal, Giant, Hunchback and Kruppel. Our results suggest that these TFs display thousands of molecules that are specifically bound to the DNA and that, while Bicoid and Caudal display a higher specificity, the other three transcription factors (Giant, Hunchback and Kruppel) display lower specificity in their binding (despite having PWMs with higher information content). This study gives further weight to earlier investigations into TF copy numbers that suggest a significant proportion of molecules are not bound specifically to the DNA.
description: 49 pages, 28 figures, 12 tables
Magnetic phase diagrams and large magnetocaloric effects of the two-dimensional antiferromagnetic triangular lattice of Gd$^{3+}$ ions in KBaGd(BO$_3$)$_2$
Creators: name: Song, Z. M.
name: Zhao, N.
name: Ge, H.
name: Li, T. T.
name: Yang, J.
name: Wang, L.
name: Fu, Y.
name: Zhang, Y. Z.
name: Wang, S. M.
name: Mei, J. W.
name: He, H.
name: Guo, S.
name: Wu, L. S.
name: Sheng, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed study of the magnetic properties of KBaGd(BO$_3$)$_2$, in which magnetic Gd$^{3+}$ ($S=7/2$) ions form into two-dimensional triangular layers. Magnetization, specific heat and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) measurements have been performed on KBaGd(BO$_3$)$_2$ single crystals. The results show that a long-range antiferromagnetic state is established below $T_{\rm N}=0.24$ K. In zero fields, only about half of the full entropy is released at $T_{\rm N}$, indicating that not all the magnetic moments are frozen below the ordering temperature, as expected from the geometrical frustration of the triangular spin lattice. Further studies under external fields were performed down to 50 mK, and the magnetic phase diagrams are established with magnetic fields applied both within and perpendicular to the triangular plane. KBaGd(BO$_3$)$_2$ serves as an example of a two-dimensional triangular lattice with large spin values ($S=7/2$) and can be directly compared with the iso-structure KBaR(BO$_3$)$_2$ (R = Dy-Yb) family of doublet ground states, which exhibit effective spins of $S=1/2$.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Unveiling a Pump-Induced Magnon Mode via its Strong Interaction with Walker Modes
Creators: name: Rao, J. W.
name: Yao, Bimu
name: Wang, C. Y.
name: Zhang, C.
name: Yu, Tao
name: Lu, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe a power-dependent anticrossing of Walker spin-wave modes under microwave pumping when a ferrimagnet is placed in a microwave waveguide that does not support any discrete photon mode. We interpret this unexpected anticrossing as the generation of a pump-induced magnon mode that couples strongly to the Walker modes of the ferrimagnet. This anticrossing inherits an excellent tunability from the pump, which allows us to control the anticrossing via the pump power, frequency, and waveform. Further, we realize a remarkable functionality of this anticrossing, namely, a microwave frequency comb, in terms of the nonlinear interaction that mixes the pump and probe frequencies. Such a frequency comb originates from the magnetic dynamics and thereby does not suffer from the charge noise. The unveiled hybrid magnonics driven away from its equilibrium enriches the utilization of anticrossing for coherent information processing.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The US baby boom and the 1935 Social Security Act
Creators: name: Galofré-Vilà, Gregori
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: In 1935, the United States passed Social Security Act (SSA) providing financial security to American families. I use the individual census data for 1940 and 1960 to show that women from states that allowed for more social spending under the SSA had substantially more children than women from states that allowed for lower social benefits. I also use a new panel of state-level fertility by parity between 1935 and 1959 to show that family allowances were connected to first, second and third parities, but that there was a differential effect according to the different social programs and race.
Dark Matter and Dark Force in the Type-I Inert 2HDM with Local U(1)_H Gauge Symmetry
Creators: name: Ko, P.
name: Omura, Yuji
name: Yu, Chaehyun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss dark matter (DM) physics in the Type-I inert two-Higgs-doublet model (2HDM) with local U(1)_H Higgs gauge symmetry. The local U(1)_H gauge symmetry is assigned to the extra Higgs doublet in order to avoid the Higgs-mediated flavor problems, and it spontaneously breaks down to its discrete subgroup. The lightest neutral scalar component H of the U(1)_H-charged Higgs doublet, which does not have Yukawa couplings with the Standard-Model (SM) fermions, is stable because of the remnant discrete symmetry, and it interacts with the SM particles through the U(1)_H gauge boson (Z_H) exchange as well as the SM boson exchange. We first investigate the constraint on the U(1)_H gauge interaction, especially through the kinetic and mass mixing between the SM gauge bosons and the extra gauge boson. Then we discuss dark matter physics in our 2HDM: thermal relic density, and direct/indirect detections of dark matter. The additional U(1)_H gauge interaction plays a crucial role in reducing the DM thermal relic density. The most important result within the inert DM model with local U(1)_H symmetry is that ~ O(10) GeV dark matter scenario, which is strongly disfavored in the usual Inert Doublet Model (IDM) with Z_2 symmetry, is revived in our model because of newly open channels, H H -> Z_H Z_H , Z_H Z. Exotic Higgs decays, h -> Z_H Z_H, Z Z_H, would be distinctive signatures of the inert 2HDM with local U(1)_H symmetry.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, version published in JHEP
Odd-parity superconductivity from phonon-mediated pairing: Application to Cu$_x$Bi$_2$Se$_3$
Creators: name: Brydon, P. M. R.
name: Sarma, S. Das
name: Hui, Hoi-Yin
name: Sau, Jay D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the proposed topological state in Cu$_x$Bi$_2$Se$_3$, we study the possibility of phonon-mediated odd-parity superconductivity in spin-orbit coupled systems with time-reversal and inversion symmetry. For such systems, we show that, in general, pure electron-phonon coupling can never lead to a triplet state with a higher critical temperature than the leading singlet state. The Coulomb pseudopotential, which is the repulsive part of the electron-electron interaction and is typically small in weakly correlated systems, is therefore critical to stabilizing the triplet state. We introduce a chirality quantum number, which identifies the electron-phonon vertex interactions that are most favorable to the triplet channel as those that conserve chirality. Applying these results to Cu$_x$Bi$_2$Se$_3$, we find that a phonon-mediated odd-parity state may be realized in the presence of weak electronic correlations if the chirality-preserving electron-phonon vertices are much stronger than the chirality-flipping vertices.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Quantum entanglement as an aspect of pure spinor geometry
Creators: name: Kiosses, Vasilis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relying on the mathematical analogy of the pure states of a two-qubit system with four-component Dirac spinors, we provide an alternative consideration of quantum entanglement using the mathematical formulation of Cartan's pure spinors. A result of our analysis is that the Cartan equation of two qubits state is entanglement sensitive in a way that the Dirac equation for fermions is mass sensitive. The Cartan equation for unentangled qubits is reduced to a pair of Cartan equations for single qubits as the Dirac equation for massless fermions separates into two Weyl equations. Finally, we establish a correspondance between the separability condition in qubit geometry and the separability condition in spinor geometry.
description: 22 pages LaTeX. Accepted by J. of Phys. A. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:hep-th/0102049, arXiv:quant-ph/0108137, arXiv:1102.2544 by other authors
On Dynamics of Asymptotically Minimal Polynomials
Creators: name: Bayraktar, Turgay
name: Efe, Melike
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study dynamical properties of asymptotically extremal polynomials associated with a non-polar planar compact set E. In particular, we prove that if the zeros of such polynomials are uniformly bounded then their Brolin measures converge weakly to the equilibrium measure of E. In addition, if E is regular and the zeros of such polynomials are sufficiently close to E then we prove that the filled Julia sets converge to polynomial convex hull of E in the Klimek topology.
description: Minor revisions, to appear in Journal of Approximation Theory
Structural investigations in BaFe2-xRuxAs2 as a function of Ru and temperature
Creators: name: Sharma, Shilpam
name: Bharathi, A.
name: Vinod, K.
name: Sundar, C. S.
name: Srihari, V.
name: Sen, Smritijit
name: Ghosh, Haranath
name: Sinha, A. K.
name: Deb, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Synchrotron XRD measurements on powdered single crystal samples of BaFe2-xRuxAs2 samples, as a function of Ru content at room temperature. The Rietveld refinements reveal that the a-axis increases with Ru substitution, while the c-axis decreases. The variation of positional co-ordinates of As (zAs), the Fe-As bond length and the As-Fe-As bond angles have been determined from the Rietveld refinements. In the sample with x=0.1, temperature dependent XRD measurements were carried out. The results indicate that while the orthorhombicity shows the characteristic increase with decrease in temperature, the As-Fe-As bond angles, Fe-As bond length and positional co-ordinate of the As show definite anomalies close to the structural transition. First principle ab-initio simulations are performed in order to understand the experimentally observed anomalies in structural parameters. The experimental observations are discussed in the context of the simulation results.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Defluoridation by Bare Nanoadsorbents, Nanocomposites, and Nanoadsorbent Loaded Mixed Matrix Membranes
Creators: name: Chaudhary, Mohit
name: Rawat, Shweta
name: Maiti, Abhijit
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: In groundwater, excess fluoride concentration (>1.5 mg/L) is a primary concern for various countries. Nanoadsorbents have been proven to possess higher adsorption capacity than conventional adsorbents. This review aims to provide insights into recent advancements in the adsorption of fluoride using various nanoadsorbents. Nanoparticles have very high specific surface area but are usually found unsuitable for real field applications as they tend to agglomerate. They are also difficult to recover after use and pose a significant threat to the environment through leaching. These limitations have given rise to the trend of the development of nanocomposites for defluoridation. Nanocomposites often involve a polymeric matrix that serves as a medium for their homogenous dispersion. This reduces agglomeration and leaching into the surroundings without altering the original activities of the nanoadsorbent. This review classifies the fluoride nanoadsorbents into three categories: bare nanoparticles, nanocomposites with nanoparticles inside the porous matrix, and nanocomposites with nanoparticles coated with or anchored on the matrix surface. Critical analyses of the importance and shortcomings of these classes have been presented. In general, bare nanocomposites show the best fluoride adsorption performance compared to other classes of nanoadsorbents.
Radiative decay Y(4260) -> X(3872) + gamma involving hadronic molecular and charmonium components
Creators: name: Dong, Yubing
name: Faessler, Amand
name: Gutsche, Thomas
name: Lyubovitskij, Valery E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We apply a phenomenological Lagrangian approach to the radiative decay Y(4260) -> X(3872) + gamma. The Y(4260) and X(3872) resonances are considered as composite states containing both molecular hadronic and charmonium components. Having a leading molecular component in the X(3872) and a sole molecular configuration for the Y(4260) results in a prediction compatible with present data.
description: 12 pages
Algal Growth and Decomposition: Effects on Water Quality
Creators: name: Foree, Edward G.
name: Tapp, John S., Jr.
Publisher: name: Kentucky Water Resources Research Institute, University of Kentucky
Year: 1970

description: Abstract:
The chemical composition of algae grown in batch culture depends mainly on environmental conditions, nutrient availability, presence of predators, cell age, and species. The effects of nutrient availability and cell age on the composition of three unialgal cultures (algae + bacteria) and one hetergeneous culture (algae + bacteria + microscopic animals) were evaluated. The cultures were grown in batch culture under both nutrient-abundant and nutrient deficient conditions and the changes in compositions were observed. Luxurious uptake where nutrients are incorporated into cellular protoplasm at levels greater than those necessary for growth, and super-luxurious uptake, where some nutrients are stored rather than converted into algal protoplasm, were observed. The commonly used model for calculating the weight percentage of protein was inaccurate when super-luxurious uptake occurred. Composition of the cultures was generally characterized by protein synthesis during the nutrient-abundant growth phase, by a fluctuating composition during transition from nutrient-abundant to nutrient-deficient growth, and by lipid and/or carbohydrate synthesis and the establishment of a relatively constant composition during the nutrient-deficient growth phase. Two unialgal cultures accumulated carbohydrates and one accumulated lipids. Soluble extracellular substances were produced in all cultures which caused high concentrations of color.
Funding information: The work upon which this report is based was supported by funds provided by the United States Department of the Interior, Office of Water Resources Research, as authorized under the Water Resources Research Act of 1964.
Shielding Federated Learning: Robust Aggregation with Adaptive Client Selection
Creators: name: Wan, Wei
name: Hu, Shengshan
name: Lu, Jianrong
name: Zhang, Leo Yu
name: Jin, Hai
name: He, Yuanyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Federated learning (FL) enables multiple clients to collaboratively train an accurate global model while protecting clients' data privacy. However, FL is susceptible to Byzantine attacks from malicious participants. Although the problem has gained significant attention, existing defenses have several flaws: the server irrationally chooses malicious clients for aggregation even after they have been detected in previous rounds; the defenses perform ineffectively against sybil attacks or in the heterogeneous data setting. To overcome these issues, we propose MAB-RFL, a new method for robust aggregation in FL. By modelling the client selection as an extended multi-armed bandit (MAB) problem, we propose an adaptive client selection strategy to choose honest clients that are more likely to contribute high-quality updates. We then propose two approaches to identify malicious updates from sybil and non-sybil attacks, based on which rewards for each client selection decision can be accurately evaluated to discourage malicious behaviors. MAB-RFL achieves a satisfying balance between exploration and exploitation on the potential benign clients. Extensive experimental results show that MAB-RFL outperforms existing defenses in three attack scenarios under different percentages of attackers.
description: This paper has been published on the 31st International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence (IJCAI-22, Main Track, LONG Oral Presentation)
Effect of input pulse chirp on nonlinear energy deposition and plasma excitation in water
Creators: name: Milián, C.
name: Jarnac, A.
name: Brelet, Y.
name: Jukna, V.
name: Houard, A.
name: Mysyrowicz, A.
name: Couairon, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze numerically and experimentally the effect of the input pulse chirp on the nonlinear energy deposition from $5\ μ$J fs-pulses at $800$ nm to water. Numerical results are also shown for pulses at $400$ nm, where linear losses are minimized, and for different focusing geometries. Input chirp is found to have a big impact on the deposited energy and on the plasma distribution around focus, thus providing a simple and effective mechanism to tune the electron density and energy deposition. We identify three relevant ways in which plasma features may be tuned.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Managing the Access Grid - A Process View to Minimize Insider Misuse Risks
Creators: name: Meier, Stefan
name: Fuchs, Ludwig
name: Pernul, Günther
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 004 Informatik

description: It is generally agreed upon the fact that the quality of Identity- and Access Management (IAM) data such as user accounts, access privileges or consistent user representation among different security domains is low. Growing user populations in medium- and large-sized organizations lead to a so called “identity chaos” in which over-privileged employees increase the risk of insider misuse. Recent governance and compliance mandates have amplified the importance of minimizing these risks. In order to fulfill these requirements, organizations focus on implementing role-based user management. To set up a role-based access control system, they face the challenge of modeling suitable roles for their employees. In this paper we show how the role modeling process can be improved by utilizing the so called access grid, a visualization technique to incorporate human interaction into the process of role creation.
The Policy Implications of Economic Complexity
Creators: name: Hidalgo, César A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years economic complexity has grown into an active field of fundamental and applied research. Yet, despite important advances, the policy implications of economic complexity remain unclear or misunderstood. Here I organize the policy implications of economic complexity in a framework grounded on 4 Ws: what approaches, focused on identifying target activities and/or locations; when approaches, focused on timing support for related and unrelated activities; where approaches, focused on the geographic diffusion of knowledge; and who approaches, focused on the role played by agents of structural change. The goal of this paper is to provide a framework that groups, organizes, and clarifies the policy implications of economic complexity to facilitate its continued use in regional and international development.
Cross-section measurements for the production of a $Z$ boson in association with high-transverse-momentum jets in $pp$ collisions at $\sqrt{s} = 13$ TeV with the ATLAS detector
Creators: name: The ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross-section measurements for a $Z$ boson produced in association with high-transverse-momentum jets ($p_{\mathrm{T}} \geq 100$ GeV) and decaying into a charged-lepton pair ($e^+e^-,μ^+μ^-$) are presented. The measurements are performed using proton-proton collisions at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV corresponding to an integrated luminosity of $139$ fb$^{-1}$ collected by the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. Measurements of angular correlations between the $Z$ boson and the closest jet are performed in events with at least one jet with $p_{\mathrm{T}} \geq 500$ GeV. Event topologies of particular interest are the collinear emission of a $Z$ boson in dijet events and a boosted $Z$ boson recoiling against a jet. Fiducial cross sections are compared with state-of-the-art theoretical predictions. The data are found to agree with next-to-next-to-leading-order predictions by NNLOjet and with the next-to-leading-order multi-leg generators MadGraph5_aMC@NLO and Sherpa.
description: 53 pages in total, author list starting page 36, 11 figures, 4 tables, published by JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/STDM-2018-49/
A Non-parametric Bayesian Model for Detecting Differential Item Functioning: An Application to Political Representation in the US
Creators: name: Shiraito, Yuki
name: Lo, James
name: Olivella, Santiago
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A common approach when studying the quality of representation involves comparing the latent preferences of voters and legislators, commonly obtained by fitting an item-response theory (IRT) model to a common set of stimuli. Despite being exposed to the same stimuli, voters and legislators may not share a common understanding of how these stimuli map onto their latent preferences, leading to differential item-functioning (DIF) and incomparability of estimates. We explore the presence of DIF and incomparability of latent preferences obtained through IRT models by re-analyzing an influential survey data set, where survey respondents expressed their preferences on roll call votes that U.S. legislators had previously voted on. To do so, we propose defining a Dirichlet Process prior over item-response functions in standard IRT models. In contrast to typical multi-step approaches to detecting DIF, our strategy allows researchers to fit a single model, automatically identifying incomparable sub-groups with different mappings from latent traits onto observed responses. We find that although there is a group of voters whose estimated positions can be safely compared to those of legislators, a sizeable share of surveyed voters understand stimuli in fundamentally different ways. Ignoring these issues can lead to incorrect conclusions about the quality of representation.
Additional file 1 of Association between red blood cell distribution width and 30-day mortality in critically ill septic patients: a propensity score-matched study
Creators: name: Wu, Yu-Cheng
name: Chen, Hsin-Hua
name: Chao, Wen-Cheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 2 of Mesothelin- and nucleolin-specific T cells from combined short peptides effectively kill triple-negative breast cancer cells
Creators: name: Thongchot, Suyanee
name: Aksonnam, Krittaya
name: Prasopsiri, Jaturawitt
name: Warnnissorn, Malee
name: Sa-nguanraksa, Doonyapat
name: O-Charoenrat, Pornchai
name: Thuwajit, Peti
name: Yenchitsomanus, Pa-thai
name: Thuwajit, Chanitra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Cell lines used in this study and their MSLN and NCL levels.