cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Phonon thermal Hall effect in non-magnetic Y$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$
Creators: name: Sharma, Rohit
name: Valldor, Martin
name: Lorenz, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an investigation of the phonon thermal Hall effect in single crystal samples of Y$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$, Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$, and DyYTi$_2$O$_7$. We measured the field-linear thermal Hall effect in all three samples. The temperature dependence of thermal Hall conductivities shows a peak around 15 K, which coincides with the peak positions of the longitudinal thermal conductivities. The temperature-dependent longitudinal thermal conductivities indicates that phonons dominate thermal transport in all three samples. However, the presence of Dy$^{3+}$ magnetic ions introduces significant effects on the field dependence of longitudinal thermal conductivities. The thermal Hall ratio is sizeable in all three samples and consistent with the values reported for other insulating materials exhibiting a phononic thermal Hall effect, though their exact underlying mechanism remains yet to be identified. The thermal Hall ratio is nearly the same for $\rm Y_2Ti_2O_7$ and DyYTi$_2$O$_7$, and slightly larger for Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$, suggesting that magnetic impurities are less significant in generating the phononic thermal Hall effect. Our observations of the phononic thermal Hall effect support an intrinsic origin in Y$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$, but suggest a combination of intrinsic and extrinsic effects in Dy$_2$Ti$_2$O$_7$ and DyYTi$_2$O$_7$.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Note on scalar-graviton and scalar-photon-graviton amplitudes
Creators: name: Zhou, Kang
name: Zhou, Guo-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this short note, we propose an algorithm based on the expansions of amplitudes, the dimensional reduction technic and the differential operators, to calculate the tree level scalar-graviton amplitudes with two massive scalars, as well as the tree level scalar-photon-graviton amplitudes with two massive scalars and one photon. While applying the unitarity method, these amplitudes are necessary inputs for the calculation of post-Newtonian and post-Minkowskian expansions in general relativity for two massive charged objects interact with gravity and electromagnetic field.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
794: Autograph Book 1916 (Kettle)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The autograph book was my grandmother's. At the time I believe she was a cook at Holly Trees in Colchester. She collected a number of autographs from family, friends and soldiers who were in Colchester in 1916. I have over the years tried to trace the soldiers without much luck.
Hedonic Pricing of Dairy Bulls - An Alternative Index of Genetic Merit
Creators: name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
name: Richards, Timothy J.
name: Jeffrey, Scott R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study investigates the use of hedonic pricing to identify the value of relevant production and type traits for dairy bulls in Alberta. A hedonic pricing model is estimated that models semen price as a function of individual production and longevity characteristics for a sample of Holstein bulls. This model corrects for sources of statistical bias in the data (i.e., censored data and endogenous supply problems). The results suggest that the most important characteristics in valuing dairy bulls are milk volume, protein and fat content, general conformation, body capacity, the popularity of the bull, and the probability that the bull's semen may be in short supply. This methodology may be used to establish a method of forecasting semen prices for newly proven bulls. The valuation procedure may be easily updated and adjusted as producers' breeding objectives change over time due to the changing economic environment. Further extensions of this method may be done to incorporate other characteristics and/or to assess shifts in producer breeding objectives over time. The results of this analysis suggest that hedonic pricing may be a superior method of placing a value on production and type characteristics for dairy bulls than the Lifetime Profit Index, currently being used by the Canadian dairy industry.
Trempelas, Panagiotis N., Dogmatik der Orthodoxen Katholischen Kirche
Creators: name: Slenczka, Reinhard
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 9 Nr. 3 (1960): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 9, Heft 3
Entanglement entropy, black holes and holography
Creators: name: Buniy, R.
name: Hsu, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We observe that the entanglement entropy resulting from tracing over a subregion of an initially pure state can grow faster than the surface area of the subregion (indeed, proportional to the volume), in contrast to examples studied previously. The pure states with this property have long-range correlations between interior and exterior modes and are constructed by purification of the desired density matrix. We show that imposing a no-gravitational collapse condition on the pure state is sufficient to exclude faster than area law entropy scaling. This observation leads to an interpretation of holography as an upper bound on the realizable entropy (entanglement or von Neumann) of a region, rather than on the dimension of its Hilbert space.
description: 4 pages, revtex
Canadian Dairy Demand
Creators: name: Veeman, Michele M.
name: Peng, Yanning
name: Veeman, Michele M.
name: Peng, Yanning
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The Canadian dairy industry faces a changing market environment as processors react to apparent shifts in consumers' preferences, consumers react to an altered mix of products on retail dairy shelves, and industry adjusts to potential pressures of competition and the challenge of new market opportunities under the impetus of changes arising from international trade. The purpose of this study is to derive a set of updated and disaggregated estimates of demand for major dairy products in a manner consistent with the economic theory of consumer behaviour. These estimates are necessary for policy models, policy analysis and forecasting. Previously dairy demand estimates were only available for broad product groupings such as fluid milk, butter, all cheese and "all other dairy products". For this study, four weakly separable groupings of major dairy products and related foods are specified. These are milk and other beverages, fats and oils, dairy dessert and related products and cheeses and apparent substitutes. Skim milk powder is assessed not to be a member of any of these groups but is hypothesized to be a member of a fifth dairy subgroup of dairy protein products. Due to data limitations, it was necessary to follow a single-equation approach for this product. The appropriateness of each product grouping was assessed by a two-stage test. First, each subgroup was tested using non-parametric tests of the axioms of revealed preference, as a means of inferring whether or not choices within each subgrouping are consistent with constrained utility maximization. Second, parametric assessment of each subgroup gave further evidence regarding the appropriateness of the groupings in terms of whether the estimated demand parameters are relatively stable and plausible. Based on satisfactory performance in these tests, parametric analyses for each subgroup were conducted using the linearized version of the almost ideal demand system, incorporating appropriate seasonality and habit formation variables. Estimates of own-price, cross-price and expenditure elasticities of demand are derived and presented. In general these seem plausible. Signs on the own-price elasticity estimates are as expected; the magnitudes appear to be reasonable. As expected, the majority of the specified foods are price-inelastic. However, butter, cooking/salad oil and other cheese appear to be price-elastic. Yogurt, concentrated milk and ice cream are fairly expenditure elastic while the two cheese types and butter appear slightly expenditure elastic.
Morris-Thorne-type wormhole with global monopole charge and the energy conditions
Creators: name: Goswami, Jaydeep
name: Rahman, Hafizur
name: Sikdar, Rimi
name: Parvin, Rina
name: Ahmed, Faizuddin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate Morris-Thorne-type wormholes with global monopole charge using various shape function forms known in the literature. We solve the Einstein field equations incorporating an anisotropic energy-momentum tensor and obtain different physical quantities associated with the matter-content. A crucial aspect of this study is the non-exotic matter distribution, examined through the evaluation of energy conditions, and exploring how different shape functions impact these conditions. Additionally, the anisotropy parameter is calculated to quantify the extent of attractive or repulsive behavior. Our study demonstrates that for different types of shape function forms, the energy conditions are influenced by the global monopole parameter. Our findings provide valuable insights for further theoretical explorations of these fascinating hypothetical structures in the realm of general relativity and beyond.
description: 34 pages, 28 figures, 5 tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1907.06726 by other authors
Microlensing of Circumstellar Disks
Creators: name: Zheng, Zheng
name: Ménard, Brice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the microlensing effects on a source star surrounded by a circumstellar disk, as a function of wavelength. The microlensing light curve of the system encodes the geometry and surface brightness profile of the disk. In the mid- and far-infrared, the emission of the system is dominated by the thermal emission from the cold dusty disk. For a system located at the Galactic center, we find typical magnifications to be of order 10-20% or higher, depending on the disk surface brightness profile, and the event lasts over one year. At around 20 microns, where the emission for the star and the disk are comparable, the difference in the emission areas results in a chromatic microlensing event. Finally, in the near-infrared and visible, where the emission of the star dominates, the fraction of star light directly reflected by the disk slightly modifies the light curve of the system which is no longer that of a point source. In each case, the corresponding light curve can be used to probe some of the disk properties. A fraction of 0.1% to 1% optical microlensing events are expected to be associated with circumstellar disk systems. We show that the lensing signal of the disk can be detected with sparse follow-up observations of the next generation space telescopes. While direct imaging studies of circumstellar disks are limited to the solar neighborhood, this microlensing technique can probe very distant disk systems living in various environments and has the potential to reveal a larger diversity of circumstellar disks.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
The Quantum-Classical Transition: The Fate of the Complex Structure
Creators: name: Marmo, G
name: Scolarici, G
name: Simoni, A
name: Ventriglia, F
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to Dirac, fundamental laws of Classical Mechanics should be recovered by means of an "appropriate limit" of Quantum Mechanics. In the same spirit it is reasonable to enquire about the fundamental geometric structures of Classical Mechanics which will survive the appropriate limit of Quantum Mechanics. This is the case for the symplectic structure. On the contrary, such geometric structures as the metric tensor and the complex structure, which are necessary for the formulation of the Quantum theory, may not survive the Classical limit, being not relevant in the Classical theory. Here we discuss the Classical limit of those geometric structures mainly in the Ehrenfest and Heisenberg pictures, i.e. at the level of observables rather than at the level of states. A brief discussion of the fate of the complex structure in the Quantum-Classical transition in the Schroedinger picture is also mentioned.
description: 19 pages
Scattering of electron from a disk in 2D electron gas: full cross section, transport cross section, and the interaction correction
Creators: name: Foulk, Nathan L.
name: Raikh, M. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is known that the presence of the Fermi sea modifies the scattering of an electron from a point-like impurity. This is due to the Friedel oscillations of the electron density around the impurity. These oscillations create an additional scattering potential for incident electrons. The closer the energy of the incident electron to the Fermi level, the stronger the additional scattering. We study this effect for the case when the impurity is not point-like but rather a hard disk, with a radius much bigger than the de Broglie wavelength. We start with a careful examination of the full and transport cross sections from an extended target. Both cross sections approach their limiting values upon increasing the wave vector of the incident electron. We establish that the transport cross section saturates much faster than the full cross section. With regard to the interaction correction, we establish that it vanishes for the full cross section, while for the transport cross section, it is enhanced compared to the case of a point-like scatterer.
834: Autograph Book 1916 (J R Bartlett 2)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The autograph book was my grandmother's. At the time I believe she was a cook at Holly Trees in Colchester. She collected a number of autographs from family, friends and soldiers who were in Colchester in 1916. I have over the years tried to trace the soldiers without much luck.
A wide class of four point functions of BPS operators in N=4 SYM at order g^4
Creators: name: D'Alessandro, Marco
name: Genovese, Luigi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The calculation of a large family of four point functions of general BPS operators in N=4 SYM is reduced to the evaluation of colour contractions. For 1/2 BPS operators O_Δthe explicit results at order g^4 for the function < O_n O_2 O_n O_2 > are given up to n=6. The OPE of the general result is performed up to the second order in the short distance expansion parameter. Two examples are given, in which the mixing of the operators in the intermediate channel can be resolved using four point functions computed by this method.
description: 25 pages, LaTeX, uses feynmp
Policies for Promoting Public Goods in Agriculture
Creators: name: Romstad, Eirik
name: Romstad, Eirik
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Multi-product production
subject: public goods
subject: agriculture
subject: principal-agent models
subject: resource allocation
subject: policy

description: The ongoing negotiations of the World Trade Organization (WTO) on agriculture has triggered an increased interest in the linkages between commodity production and public goods in agriculture. This paper takes a closer look at this issue. Particular emphasis is placed on production economics and policy design issues. Production is placed in a multi-product multi-input setting. The provision of public goods from agriculture is analyzed utilizing a principle-agent framework. Particular emphasis is placed on issues pertaining to incentive compatibility, informational aspects and the participation constraint. Public finance aspects of various policies are also addressed. Price supports are of particular interest as they are widely used in European agriculture. This makes analyses of price supports particularly relevant.
888: Alexander 'Sandy' Nimmo McClymont (photograph; diary; postcard)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: Sandy, son of Alexander McClymont and Isabella Stewart Nimmo of Maybole, Ayrshire, was called up for service in June 1916. His attestation papers suggest he had enlisted in December 1915, but not been called up until the following year, so it is likely that he enlisted under the Derby Scheme.

On joining the army he left behind a wife Mary Wallace and two young sons Alexander (b.1909) and William Wallace (b. 1912). Sandy became a sapper in the 474th Field Company of the Royal Engineers which was attached to the 48th (South Midland) Division. The Division were involved in key battles on the Western Front including the Somme and Passchendaele. On 10 November 1917 the Division received orders to move to Italy. There they were involved in fighting on the Asiago Plateau (15-16 June 1918). They also took part in the Battle of the Vittoria Veneto (1-4 November, at Val d’Assa rather than the Vittoria Veneto itself) and notably captured a German officer, three Divisional commanders and about 14 battalions. An armistice was declared here on 4 November 1918. Sandy was demobilised in February 1919.
Does presence of social media plugins in a journal website result in higher social media attention of its research publications
Creators: name: Karmakar, Mousumi
name: Banshal, Sumit Kumar
name: Singh, Vivek Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social media platforms have now emerged as an important medium for wider dissemination of research articles; with authors, readers and publishers creating different kinds of social media activity about the article. Some research studies have even shown that articles that get more social media attention may get higher visibility and citations. These factors are now persuading journal publishers to integrate social media plugins in their webpages to facilitate sharing and dissemination of articles in social media platforms. Many past studies have analyzed several factors (like journal impact factor, open access, collaboration etc.) that may impact social media attention of scholarly articles. However, there are no studies to analyze whether the presence of social media plugin in a journal could result in higher social media attention of articles published in the journal. This paper aims to bridge this gap in knowledge by analyzing a sufficiently large-sized sample of 99,749 articles from 100 different journals. Results obtained show that journals that have social media plugins integrated in their webpages get significantly higher social media mentions and shares for their articles as compared to journals that do not provide such plugins. Authors and readers visiting journal webpages appear to be a major contributor to social media activity around articles published in such journals. The results suggest that publishing houses should actively provide social media plugin integration in their journal webpages to increase social media visibility (altmetric impact) of their articles.
description: in press
Robust Preference for Dynamical Dark Energy in DESI BAO and SN Measurements
Creators: name: Giarè, William
name: Najafi, Mahdi
name: Pan, Supriya
name: Di Valentino, Eleonora
name: Firouzjaee, Javad T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements released by DESI, when combined with Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) data from Planck and two different samples of Type Ia supernovae (Pantheon-Plus and DESY5) reveal a preference for Dynamical Dark Energy (DDE) characterized by a present-day quintessence-like equation of state that crossed into the phantom regime in the past. A core ansatz for this result is assuming a linear Chevallier-Polarski-Linder (CPL) parameterization $w(a) = w_0 + w_a (1-a)$ to describe the evolution of the DE equation of state (EoS). In this paper, we test if and to what extent this assumption impacts the results. To prevent broadening uncertainties in cosmological parameter inference and facilitate direct comparison with the baseline CPL case, we focus on 4 alternative well-known models that, just like CPL, consist of only two free parameters: the present-day DE EoS ($w_0$) and a parameter quantifying its dynamical evolution ($w_a$). We demonstrate that the preference for DDE remains robust regardless of the parameterization: $w_0$ consistently remains in the quintessence regime, while $w_a$ consistently indicates a preference for a dynamical evolution towards the phantom regime. This tendency is significantly strengthened by DESY5 SN measurements. By comparing the best-fit $χ^2$ obtained within each DDE model, we notice that the linear CPL parameterization is not the best-fitting case. Among the models considered, the EoS proposed by Barboza and Alcaniz consistently leads to the most significant improvement.
description: 44 pages, 7 figures, 7 tables. V2: additional references, more details and discussion on the results and their interpretation, added a new Appendix presenting additional constraints on interesting properties of the DE EoS across the different models analyzed. Version accepted for publication in JCAP
Accretion-powered Stellar Winds as a Solution to the Stellar Angular Momentum Problem
Creators: name: Matt, Sean
name: Pudritz, Ralph E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the angular momentum extracted by a wind from a pre-main-sequence star to the torques arising from the interaction between the star and its Keplerian accretion disk. We find that the wind alone can counteract the spin-up torque from mass accretion, solving the mystery of why accreting pre-main-sequence stars are observed to spin at less than 10% of break-up speed, provided that the mass outflow rate in the stellar winds is ~10% of the accretion rate. We suggest that such massive winds will be driven by some fraction $ε$ of the accretion power. For observationally constrained typical parameters of classical T-Tauri stars, $ε$ needs to be between a few and a few tens of percent. In this scenario, efficient braking of the star will terminate simultaneously with accretion, as is usually assumed to explain the rotation velocities of stars in young clusters.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letters
Insecurity of Property Rights and Matching in the Tenancy Market
Creators: name: Macours, Karen
name: Macours, Karen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: insecurity of property rights
subject: land markets
subject: matching

description: This paper analyzes the functioning of land rental markets in the Dominican Republic using a new data set collected specifically to characterize the entire market. We analyze the choice of the landlords and the tenants in the search for the optimal partner. We show how insecure property rights leads to segmentation in the tenancy markets along socio-economic group and hence severely limits access to land for the rural poor.
Fermions in Optical Lattices across Feshbach Resonance
Creators: name: Diener, Roberto B.
name: Ho, Tin-Lun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We point out that the recent experiments at ETH \cite{Esslinger} on fermions in optical lattices, where a band insulator evolves continuously into states occupying many bands as the system is swept adiabatically across Feshbach resonance, have implications on a wide range of fundamental issues in condensed matter. We derive the effective Hamiltonian of these systems, obtain expressions for their energies and band populations, and point out the increasing quantum entanglement of the ground state during the adiabatic sweep. Our results also explains why only specific regions in $k$-space can be populated after the sweep as found in ref. \cite{Esslinger}.
Biases in galaxy cluster velocity dispersion and mass estimates in the small number of galaxies regime
Creators: name: Ferragamo, A.
name: Rubiño-Martín, J. A.
name: Betancort-Rijo, J.
name: Munari, E.
name: Sartoris, B.
name: Barrena, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study of the statistical properties of three velocity dispersion and mass estimators, namely biweight, gapper and standard deviation, in the small number of galaxies regime ($N_{\rm gal} \le 75$). Using a set of 73 numerically simulated galaxy clusters, we characterise the statistical bias and the variance for the three estimators, both in the determination of the velocity dispersion and the dynamical mass of the clusters via the $σ-M$ relation. The results are used to define a new set of unbiased estimators, that are able to correct for those statistical biases with a minimal increase of the associated variance. The numerical simulations are also used to characterise the impact of velocity segregation in the selection of cluster members, and the impact of using cluster members within different physical radii from the cluster centre. The standard deviation is found to be the lowest variance estimator. The selection of galaxies within the sub-sample of the most massive galaxies in the cluster introduces a $2\,$\% bias in the velocity dispersion estimate when calculated using a quarter of the most massive cluster members. We also find a dependence of the velocity dispersion estimate on the aperture radius as a fraction of $R_{200}$, consistent with previous results. The proposed set of unbiased estimators effectively provides a correction of the velocity dispersion and mass estimates from all those effects in the small number of cluster members regime. This is tested by applying the new estimators to a subset of simulated observations. Although for a single galaxy cluster the statistical and physical effects discussed here are comparable or slightly smaller than the bias introduced by interlopers, they will be of relevance when dealing with ensemble properties and scaling relations for large cluster samples (Abridged).
description: accepted for publication in A&A
Evaluating Household Leisure Behaviour of Rural Tourism in Japan
Creators: name: Ohe, Yasuo
name: Ohe, Yasuo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: rural tourism
subject: home production
subject: service goods
subject: rural infrastructure
subject: leisure behaviour

description: Understanding the demand profile of rural tourism is a necessary condition for the successful diversification of any rural economy. Although descriptive analyses have been conducted on this issue, a more generalised framework is required that allows us to explore economic analyses. This paper evaluates the leisure behaviour of households that have a preference for rural tourism in Japan. First, we give conceptual consideration to the notion that leisure behaviour should be regarded as a form of a home production and explain that households that undertake rural tourism have undergone an upward shift in the home production function to realise a higher utility level. We propose that a preference for rural recreation causes this shift by improving the efficiency of the home production of leisure. Second, as an actual behaviour of rural tourism, the characteristics of visitors to pick-your-own farms were statistically tested using data from a nationwide survey on tourism. Finally, the rural preference function was estimated. The results revealed that the profile of households showing a preference for rural tourism demonstrated both up-market and niche market characteristics, which mirrored findings in European countries emphasizing the importance of a higher academic background, stronger orientation towards outdoor recreation, and greater discrimination with respect to the quality of services and goods received. Preference for rural recreation can be enhanced through the provision of authentic, high quality service and goods and the preservation of the rural environment. Therefore, there will be an increased demand for a farm policy that integrates both agricultural and rural measures.
Focussing on Consumer Attention: Price-Quality Relationships and Reputation Indicators
Creators: name: Schamel, Guenter
name: Schamel, Guenter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: food and beverages
subject: consumer economics
subject: regional and producer reputation

description: In Germany, the focus of agricultural policy is now "the consumer". In the aftermath of the BSE crisis, farmers are encouraged to produce higher quality "ecological" food for which consumers are willing to pay more. Food is an experience good and quality signals are becoming a more important determinant of the prices received. However, given consumers' cognitive limitations, all signals can not receive equal attention. We argue that consumer attention to product quality signals increases with its producer's quality performance, and given attention spillovers (collective reputation), with the expertise of associated producers. Over time, collective reputations should have an effect on price when attention (or quality performance) is low, but should lose their impact as attention increases. We illustrate our consumer attention argument with an empirical application of wine producers and regions and draw some conclusions for the new consumer oriented agri-food policy in Germany.
The emergence of coherence in complex networks of heterogeneous dynamical systems
Creators: name: Restrepo, Juan G.
name: Ott, Edward
name: Hunt, Brian R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a general theory for the onset of coherence in collections of heterogeneous maps interacting via a complex connection network. Our method allows the dynamics of the individual uncoupled systems to be either chaotic or periodic, and applies generally to networks for which the number of connections per node is large. We find that the critical coupling strength at which a transition to synchrony takes place depends separately on the dynamics of the individual uncoupled systems and on the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of the coupling network. Our theory directly generalizes the Kuramoto model of equal strength, all-to-all coupled phase oscillators to the case of oscillators with more realistic dynamics coupled via a large heterogeneous network.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Published version
790: Autograph Book from 1916 (Rifleman Knight)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The autograph book was my grandmother's. At the time I believe she was a cook at Holly Trees in Colchester. She collected a number of autographs from family, friends and soldiers who were in Colchester in 1916. I have over the years tried to trace the soldiers without much luck.
On a generalized three-parameter Wright function of the Le Roy type
Creators: name: Garrappa, Roberto
name: Rogosin, Sergei
name: Mainardi, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33E12

description: Recently S. Gerhold and R. Garra-F. Polito independently introduced a new function related to the special functions of Mittag-Leffler family. This function is a generalization of the function studied by E. Le Roy in the period 1895-1905 in connection with the problem of analytic continuation of power series with a finite radius of convergence. In our note we obtain two integral representations of this special function, calculate its Laplace transform, determine an asymptotic expansion of this function on the negative semi-axis (in the case of an integer third parameter $γ$) and provide its continuation to the case of a negative first parameter $α$. An asymptotic result is illustrated by numerical calculations. Discussion on possible further studies and open questions are also presented.
Remark about Non-BPS Dp-Brane at the Tachyon Vacuum Moving in Curved Background
Creators: name: Kluson, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to the study of the dynamics of a non-BPS Dp-brane at the tachyon vacuum that moves in the curved background.
description: 20 pages
Food Reserve Stocks and Critical Food Shortages - a Proposal Based on the Needs of Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Lind, Kim Martin
name: Lind, Kim Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food
subject: stocks
subject: shortages
subject: uncertainty
subject: Sub-Saharan Africa

description: This working paper examines the food security policy, where food security means ensuring an adequate supply of food for hungry people. In particular, the recommendations of FAO are being used as a measuring rod against which food security policies are assessed. By means of FAO's database a statistical analysis of all Sub-Saharan Africa countries with respect to measuring the incidence and severity of critical food shortages are carried out. Stock policies seem to have been the answer when issues of ensuring adequate supplies have surfaced. In the paper, an estimate of the costs of keeping stocks is provided, and the costs are quite staggering. Based on the statistical analysis an estimate of the number and volume of acute food shortages per year in Sub-Saharan Africa is achieved. Upon this number a much cheaper alternative to keeping stocks for security purposes is proposed. It is proposed that a financial fund is set up with the sole purpose of purchasing grains on the open market when acute food shortages occur. In order for the fund to achieve its goals it must be completely independent of politics, and the financing and replenishing of the fund must be automatic. The advantages are that a lot of costs are saved which could be used to improve food security policies in developing countries. Furthermore, the supply of food aid is done via a global fund, and is not the result of political considerations in donor (big exporting) countries. The reservations voiced by some developing countries that further liberalisations in agricultural policies in the WTO round of negotiations could jeopardise food security is answered by this fund. Liberalisations of agricultural policies may lead to lower food stocks in the big exporting countries, but the proposed financial fund does not rely on such stocks. It is found that the purchases the fund would have to conduct only comprise a small fraction of the world trade in cereals.
Method to search for inspiraling planetary-mass ultra-compact binaries using the generalized frequency-Hough transform in LIGO O3a data
Creators: name: Miller, Andrew L.
name: Aggarwal, Nancy
name: Clesse, Sebastien
name: De Lillo, Federico
name: Sachdev, Surabhi
name: Astone, Pia
name: Palomba, Cristiano
name: Piccinni, Ornella J.
name: Pierini, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves from sub-solar mass primordial black holes could be detected in LIGO, Virgo and KAGRA data. Here, we apply a method originally designed to look for rapidly spinning-down neutron stars, the generalized frequency-Hough transform, to search for planetary-mass primordial black holes using data from the first half of the third observing run of advanced LIGO. In this companion paper to arXiv:2402.19468, in which the main results of our search are presented, we delve into the details of the search methodology, the choices we have made regarding the parameter space to explore, the follow-up procedure we use to confirm or reject possible candidates returned in our search, and a comparison of our analytic procedure of generating upper limits to those obtained through injections.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures -- comments welcome! A portion of this article draws from the appendix of arXiv:2402.19468v1, which is not present in the latest version (v2)
Crop Research Incentives in a Privatized Industry: A Stochastic Approach
Creators: name: Malla, Stavroula
name: Gray, Richard S.
name: Malla, Stavroula
name: Gray, Richard S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: search process
subject: stochastic process
subject: biotechnology
subject: IPRs
subject: applied R&D
subject: basic R&D
subject: imperfect competition
subject: differentiated products
subject: heterogeneous producers.

description: We model today's privatized crop research industry as a small number of firms, developing and selling differentiated products to heterogeneous producers. Crop variety research is modeled as a search process, which allows us to differentiate between applied and basic research and recognize research as a stochastic process. We use the framework to develop a number of propositions regarding private research incentives, the spillovers of knowledge, and the impact of public policy. The results suggest an underinvestment in research even when property rights have been established.
The Effects of Reionization on Lyman-alpha Galaxy Surveys
Creators: name: Furlanetto, Steven R.
name: Zaldarriaga, Matias
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for Lyman-alpha emission lines are among the most effective ways to identify high-redshift galaxies. They are particularly interesting because they probe not only the galaxies themselves but also the ionization state of the intergalactic medium (IGM). The observed line strengths depend on the amount by which each photon is able to redshift away from line center before encountering neutral gas and hence on the size distribution of HII regions surrounding the sources. Here, we use an analytic model of that size distribution to study the effects of reionization on the luminosity function of Lyman-alpha emitters and their observed spatial distribution. Our model includes the clustering of high-redshift galaxies and thus contains ionized bubbles much larger than those expected around isolated galaxies. As a result, Lyman-alpha emitting galaxies remain visible earlier in reionization: we expect the number counts to decline by only a factor ~2 (or 10) when the mean ionized fraction falls to x_i~0.75 (or 0.5) in the simplest model. Moreover, the absorption is not uniform across the sky: galaxies remain visible only if they sit inside large bubbles, which become increasingly rare as x_i decreases. Thus, the size distribution also affects the apparent clustering of Lyman-alpha selected galaxies. On large scales, it traces that of the large bubbles, which in our model are more biased than the galaxies. On small scales, the clustering increases rapidly as x_i decreases because large HII regions surround strong galaxy overdensities, so a survey automatically selects only those galaxies with neighbours. The transition between these two regimes occurs at the characteristic bubble size. Hence, large Lyman-alpha galaxy surveys have the potential to measure directly the size distribution of HII regions during reionization.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, in press at MNRAS (minor changes in response to referee's comments)
Moral rights of authors in international copyright of the 21st century : time for consolidation?
Creators: name: Radkova, Lenka
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis provides an insight into the current position of moral rights of authors and outlines the perspectives of the doctrine of moral rights in international copyright regime of the 21st century. Such survey is particularly urgent at a time when the doctrine of droit moral, one of the most contentious and controversial issues in copyright, is now in an international spotlight again. The recent decade has seen two contradictory trends in the field of international copyright. The 1994 Uruguay Round saw the emergence of new global intellectual property regime, embodied in the TRIPs Agreement, which elevates copyright into a new stage of development by linking it for the first time with international trade and technology and by substantially widening the scope of its governance. However, this new instrument is almost exclusively concerned with protecting the rights belonging to owners, endorsing the 'sanctity of property', but practically eliminating the protection of the original creators' non-economic, moral rights. Against this background, the 1990's have witnessed an unprecedented commitment to the protection of artist's moral rights in countries that in the past were the strongest opponents of any such notion within their copyright regimes. The question of moral rights has always been considered an issue where a wider international consensus is impossible due to the traditional rift between civil law's authors' rights and common law's copyright philosophies. However, in a world where the protection of intellectual property is increasingly viewed on an international basis - of necessity, because of technological and economic developments - a global consensus on this issue is inevitable. By reviewing the justificatory schemata underlying the doctrine of droit moral and by analyzing the recent statutory developments in several common law jurisdictions in this arena, as well as the concession made by moral rights-devout civilian jurisdictions, this thesis shows that the gap between the two systems is no longer insurmountable. The analysis reveals that despite the underlying philosophical differences, a substantial degree of convergence of copyright and author's rights is occurring, and outlines the sites of consolidation which can serve as a basis for a possible future international agreement on this issue.
Preservation of Bio-Diversity, Heterogeneity of Farm Practices and Payments for Cultural Landscapes under Inhomogeneous Natural Conditions
Creators: name: Nuppenau, Ernst-August
name: Nuppenau, Ernst-August
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: bio-diversity
subject: natural conditions
subject: diversity in farming
subject: payments for nature

description: The paper explores the question of diversity in agricultural practice as related to bio-diversity and landscape appearance. It starts with the observation that, in the past, diverse natural conditions have considerably impacted on adapted modes of agricultural production, more than today, and that previously performed farm practices were strongly affiliated with specific natural conditions. These practices positively contributed to a motified, diverse and man-made environment which is frequently considered a beautiful landscape. This has changed dramatically. Particularly, where the European countryside is regarded a natural heritage, today, the public seems to be worried about modern farm practices. After the adoption of modern techniques, farmers prefer to apply unified production technologies and tend to set-up uniform farm structures and product mixes as well as land cultivation practices based on purchased inputs. Farm operations equalise natural conditions and contribute to uniform land rents. However, a rising public concern for the preservation of bio-diversity is asking for change and new measures. Additional to regulations on farm practices governments seek to compensate farmers for nature preservation and production of bio-diversity. Presuming that high biodiversity is dependent on diversity in agricultural practice and landscape appearance due to preserved natural conditions, the paper develops a model that links payments to diversity in farm practice and natural conditions. The applied model is landscape-oriented and classifies farm behaviour according to agronomic conditions. A reference system for a unified technology is presented and implications for payments are discussed using a behavioural approach. This behavioural approach focuses on regional dynamics in natural condition as major determinants for bio-diversity and payments as determinants for farm practices. Payments are directed to re-establish diversity in farm practices, counteract current technology dominance, and assure a new exposure to nature, though only partly. Diversity becomes prevalent; notably according to an economic calculus of costs and benefits from taxpayers' point of view.
pi pi scattering, pion form factors and chiral perturbation theory
Creators: name: Colangelo, Gilberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss recent progress in our understanding of the pi pi scattering amplitude at low energy thanks to the combined use of chiral perturbation theory and dispersion relations. I also comment on the criticism raised by Pelaez and Yndurain on this work.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Invited talk at the "Quark Confinement and the Hadron Spectrum" VI Conference, Villasimius, Sardinia, Italy, 21-25 September 2004
792: Autograph Book from 1916 (Rifleman Knight 2)
Creators: name: Project Team, Lest We Forget
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The autograph book was my grandmother's. At the time I believe she was a cook at Holly Trees in Colchester. She collected a number of autographs from family, friends and soldiers who were in Colchester in 1916. I have over the years tried to trace the soldiers without much luck.