cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantized charge-pumping in higher-order topological insulators
Creators: name: Wu, Bing-Lan
name: Guo, Ai-Min
name: Zhang, Zhi-Qiang
name: Jiang, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantized charge pumping of higher-order topological insulators (HOTIs) with edge-corner correspondences based on the combination of the rotation of in-plane magnetic field and the quantum spin Hall effect. A picture of a specific charge pumping process is uncovered with the help of the non-equilibrium Green's function method. Significantly, we demonstrate that the quantized charge pumping current is achieved without the participation of bulk states, and the charges move along the boundary of the sample. Furthermore, the effects of external parameters on the pumping current is also studied. We find that the magnitude and direction of the pumping current can be manipulated by adjusting the coupling strength between the leads and sample. Our work deepens the understanding of the charge pumping in HOTIs and extends the study of their transport properties.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Application of Benford-Newcomb Law with Base Change to Electoral Fraud Detection
Creators: name: Gueron, Eduardo
name: Pellegrini, Jeronimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62P25

description: The invariance of Benford-Newcomb law under base changing is employed to test whether or not some data follow such distribution. Taking into account the Brazilian senate election in 1994, changes in the numerical base were able to evidence probable fraud.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures
Supersymmetric many-body Euler–Calogero–Moser model
Creators: name: Krivonos, Sergey
name: Sutulin, Anton
name: Lechtenfeld, Olaf
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Particle physics
subject: Supersymmetry
subject: Superspace
subject: Physics
subject: Supersymmetry algebra
subject: Hamiltonian (quantum mechanics)
subject: Superalgebra
subject: Supercharge
subject: Many-body problem
subject: Conservation law
subject: Mathematical physics
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We explicitly construct a supersymmetric $so(n)$ spin-Calogero model with an arbitrary even number $\cal N$ of supersymmetries. It features $\frac{1}{2}{\cal N}n(n{+}1)$ rather than ${\cal N}n$ fermionic coordinates and a very simple structure of the supercharges and the Hamiltonian. The latter, together with additional conserved currents, form an $osp({\cal N}|2)$ superalgebra. We provide a superspace description for the simplest case, namely ${\cal N}{=}2$ supersymmetry. The reduction to an $\cal N$-extended supersymmetric goldfish model is also discussed.
Magnetic structure of few-nucleon systems at high momentum transfers in a $χ$EFT approach
Creators: name: Gnech, Alex
name: Schiavilla, Rocco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The five low-energy constants (LECs) in the electromagnetic current derived in chiral effective field theory ($χ$EFT) up to one loop are determined by a simultaneous fit to the $A\,$=$\,2$--3 nuclei magnetic moments and to the deuteron magnetic form factor and threshold electrodisintegration at backward angles over a wide range of momentum transfers. The resulting parametrization then yields predictions for the $^3$He/$^3$H magnetic form factors in excellent accord with the experimental values for momentum transfers ranging up to $\approx 0.8$ GeV/c, beyond the expected regime of validity of the $χ$EFT approach. The calculations are based on last-generation two-nucleon interactions including high orders in the chiral expansion and derived by Entem, Macheleidt, and Nosyk [Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 96}, 024004 (2017)] and by Piarulli {\it et al.} [Phys.\ Rev.\ C {\bf 94}, 054007 (2016)], using different $χ$EFT formulations. In the $A\,$=$\,3$ calculations, (chiral) three-nucleon interactions are also accounted for. The model dependence resulting from these different formulations of the interactions is found to be mild for momentum transfer below $\approx0.8$ GeV/c. An analysis of the convergence of the chiral expansion is also provided.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Bayesian Analysis of Multiple Harmonic Oscillations in the Solar Corona
Creators: name: Arregui, I.
name: Ramos, A. Asensio
name: Diaz, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of multiple mode harmonic kink oscillations in coronal loops enables to obtain information on coronal density stratification and magnetic field expansion using seismology inversion techniques. The inference is based on the measurement of the period ratio between the fundamental mode and the first overtone and theoretical results for the period ratio under the hypotheses of coronal density stratification and magnetic field expansion of the wave guide. We present a Bayesian analysis of multiple mode harmonic oscillations for the inversion of the density scale height and magnetic flux tube expansion, under each of the hypotheses. Then, the two models are compared using a Bayesian model comparison scheme to assess how plausible each one is, given our current state of knowledge.
description: 5 pages
Performativ? Körper Raum Architektur Kunst
Creators: name: Buchert, Margitta
Publisher: name: Berlin : Jovis
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: body and space
subject: perception and cognition
subject: creativity and knowledge
subject: life worlds
subject: forms of knowledge
subject: Körper und Raum
subject: Wahrnehmung und Kognition
subject: Kreativität und Wissen
subject: Lebenswelten
subject: Wissensformen
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::720 | Architektur

description: Körper und Raum als gleichermaßen differente wie eng miteinander verflochtene Weisen der Welterschließung werden mit diesem Beitrag von Margitta Buchert als traditionsreiche Modalitäten von Wahrnehmung, Kognition und Kreation in der Architektur- und Kunstdisziplin vorgestellt. In die Komplexität des Themas wird dabei über die Skizzierung tradierter Verständnisse von Körper und Raum, intersubjektiv konstituierter sozialer Räume oder die Ambivalenz von abstraktem Modell und lebensweltlichem Moment, von Repräsentation und Präsenz, eingeführt. Die aktuelle Bedeutung von Körper und Raum zeigt sich schließlich in ihrem Wirken als Anteil und Hintergrund sowohl kreativer als auch kritischer Haltungen und Gesten, deren Reichweite nicht nur über die Grenzen der Disziplinen hinausgehen, sondern auch neue Türen zu zukunftsoffenen “Räumen des Wissens“ öffnen.
description: In this contribution by Margitta Buchert body and space are presented as equally differentiated and closely interwoven ways of understanding the world by means of traditional modalities of perception, cognition and creation in the discipline of architecture and art. The complex nature of the topic is introduced by outlining traditional understandings of body and space, intersubjectively constituted social spaces, or the ambivalence of abstract model and lifeworld moment, of representation and presence. The current significance of body and space, finally, is revealed in their impact as a part and background of both creative and critical attitudes and gestures, whose reach not only goes beyond the boundaries of disciplines, but also opens new doors to "spaces of knowledge" open to the future.
Weighted averages in population annealing: analysis and general framework
Creators: name: Ebert, Paul L.
name: Gessert, Denis
name: Weigel, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Population annealing is a powerful sequential Monte Carlo algorithm designed to study the equilibrium behavior of general systems in statistical physics through massive parallelism. In addition to the remarkable scaling capabilities of the method, it allows for measurements to be enhanced by weighted averaging, admitting to reduce both systematic and statistical errors based on independently repeated simulations. We give a self-contained introduction to population annealing with weighted averaging, generalize the method to a wide range of observables such as the specific heat and magnetic susceptibility and rigorously prove that the resulting estimators for finite systems are asymptotically unbiased for essentially arbitrary target distributions. Numerical results based on more than $10^7$ independent population annealing runs of the two-dimensional Ising ferromagnet and the Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass are presented in depth. In the latter case, we also discuss efficient ways of measuring spin overlaps in population annealing simulations.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, RevTeX4.2
Prunus persica
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P. Persica (L.) Batsch (Persica vulgaris Miller) Cat. 84. Kultiviert. Bis 1015 m: Ausserberg (Stehler), 1078 m: bei der Station Hohtenn (Becherer und Schatzmann) und 1200m: Lens (Beauverd). Selten subspontan:La Bâtiazbei Martigny(P.).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
title: Analysing mesoscale structures in economic and financial networks
Creators: name: van Lidth de Jeude, Jeroen Allard
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2019

description: Modelling, characterising and detecting the structure of complex
 networks is of primary importance to understand the
 dynamics of the systems considered. This is especially true
 for economic and financial networks, whose structural organisation
 deeply affects their resilience to shock propagation.
 Many real world networks are characterised by the presence
 of mesoscale structures: while a lot of attention has been focused
 on the community structure, many real-world networks
 are characterised by core-periphery, bow-tie and bipartite structures,
 especially so economic and financial networks. In this
 thesis we present new methods to model and detect these
 mesoscale structures. We apply these methods to characterise
 the structure of real-world economic and financial networks.
 Using maximum entropy networks encoding different levels
 of information, we model the structure of the international
 trade network and of national interbank exposures networks.
 We find that constraining local information is enough to reconstruct
 the mesoscale structure of these networks: hence,
 we introduce a new method to detect statistically significant
 bimodular structures, based on the connectivity within and
 between network modules. We also apply our method to multiplex
 networks. In particular, to unravel different types of
 corporate networks, we construct a new multilayer dataset
 of company interactions: we find that the disaggregate network
 describes a small corporate world, but that these different
 company interactions are characterised by vastly different
 topological properties.
Determination of Low-Energy Constants of Wilson Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Herdoiza, Gregorio
name: Jansen, Karl
name: Michael, Chris
name: Ottnad, Konstantin
name: Urbach, Carsten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By matching Wilson twisted mass lattice QCD determinations of pseudoscalar meson masses to Wilson Chiral Perturbation Theory we determine the low-energy constants $W'_6$, $W'_8$ and their linear combination $c_2$. We explore the dependence of these low-energy constants on the choice of the lattice action and on the number of dynamical flavours.
description: 25 pages, 10 figures
Generalized parton distributions through universal moment parameterization: zero skewness case
Creators: name: Guo, Yuxun
name: Ji, Xiangdong
name: Shiells, Kyle
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a global analysis program for the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) based on conformal moment expansion. We apply the strategy of universal moment parameterization to fit both the collinear parton distribution functions (PDFs) from phenomenology and generalized form factors from lattice calculations, and show that the parameterization is flexible enough to accommodate these constraints. In addition, we can also fit direct lattice calculations of GPDs from large-momentum effective theory. In this work we focus on the analysis of $t$-dependent PDFs which correspond to GPDs in the $ξ\to 0$ limit. The strategy also applies to the $ξ\not =0$ region with extra parameters, and therefore can be fitted to experimental observables in the future. With a demonstrative example of fitted GPDs, we exhibit the quark transverse angular momentum densities of the proton as well as the impact parameter space distributions of quarks in both unpolarized and transversely polarized protons.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures
Very Metal-Poor Outer-Halo Stars with Round Orbits
Creators: name: Hattori, Kohei
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
name: Beers, Timothy C.
name: Carollo, Daniela
name: Lee, Young Sun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The orbital motions of halo stars in the Milky Way reflect the orbital motions of the progenitor systems in which they formed, making it possible to trace the mass-assembly history of the Galaxy. Direct measurement of three-dimensional velocities, based on accurate proper motions and line-of-sight velocities, has revealed that the majority of halo stars in the inner-halo region move on eccentric orbits. However, our understanding of the motions of distant, in-situ halo-star samples is still limited, due to the lack of accurate proper motions for these stars. Here we explore a model-independent analysis of the line-of-sight velocities and spatial distribution of a recent sample of 1865 carefully selected halo blue horizontal-branch (BHB) stars within 30 kpc of the Galactic center. We find that the mean rotational velocity of the very metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -2.0) BHB stars significantly lags behind that of the relatively more metal-rich ([Fe/H] > -2.0) BHB stars. We also find that the relatively more metal-rich BHB stars are dominated by stars with eccentric orbits, as previously observed for other stellar samples in the inner-halo region. By contrast, the very metal-poor BHB stars are dominated by stars on rounder, lower-eccentricity orbits. Our results indicate that the motion of the progenitor systems of the Milky Way that contributed to the stellar populations found within 30 kpc correlates directly with their metal abundance, which may be related to their physical properties such as gas fractions. These results are consistent with the existence of an inner/outer halo structure for the halo system, as advocated by Carollo et al. (2010).
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Letter accepted, comments welcome
title: Die Alterthümer unserer heidnischen Vorzeit
Creators: name: Weerth, Ernst Aus'm
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Die Alterthümer unserer heidnischen Vorzeit. Nach den in öffentlichen und Privatsammlungen befindlichen Originalen zusammengestellt und herausgegeben von dem römisch-germanischen Centralmuseum in Mainz, durch dessen Conservator L. Lindenschmit. Mainz 1858. Bis jetzt sind erschienen zwei Hefte in Quart jedes mit 8 lithographierten Tafeln.
Non-destructive Depth-Resolved Characterization of Residual Strain Fields in High Electron Mobility Transistors using Differential Aperture X-ray Microscopy
Creators: name: Pagan, Darren C.
name: Rasel, Md Abu Jafar
name: Lim, Rachel E.
name: Sheyfer, Dina
name: Liu, Wenjun
name: Haque, Aman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Localized residual stress and elastic strain concentrations in microelectronic devices often affect the electronic performance, resistance to thermomechanical damage, and, likely, radiation tolerance. A primary challenge for characterization of these concentrations is that they exist over sub-$μ$m length-scales, precluding their characterization by more traditional residual stress measurement techniques. Here we demonstrate the use of synchrotron X-ray -based differential aperture X-ray microscopy (DAXM) as a viable, non-destructive means to characterize these stress and strain concentrations in a depth-resolved manner. DAXM is used to map two-dimensional strain fields between source and drain in a gallium nitride (GaN) layer within high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs) with sub-$μ$m spatial resolution. Strain fields at various positions in both pristine and irradiated HEMT specimens are presented in addition to a preliminary stress analysis to estimate the distribution of various stress components within the GaN layer. $γ$-irradiation is found to significantly reduce the lattice plane spacing in the GaN along the sample normal direction which is attributed to radiation damage in transistor components bonded to the GaN during irradiation.
title: Entropy-based methods to tackle missing information in complex networks
Creators: name: Parisi, Federica
Publisher: name: IMT Alti Studi Lucca
Year: 2019

description: The work presented in this thesis focuses on an issue that
 very commonly arise when studying a network: missing information. There are many phenomena that can cause such
 a lack of knowledge, but prior to any attempt at studying
 the data, it is desirable to have a knowledge of the network
 at hand that is as complete as possible. Here I will address
 specifically two types of missing information problems, namely
 network reconstruction and link prediction. In the former case,
 the network structure is hidden, the only information we have
 access to is the size of the network and some aggregate nodespecific quantity. In the context of link prediction we face a
 different issue: there is a real underlying network that represents the phenomenon we want to study, of which we can
 only observe an incomplete version where some links are not
 present. Our goal will be to identify the most likely candidates to be the missing links and, for weighted networks,
 their intensity. Both problem will be tackled using entropybased methods, that guarantee the results to be unbiased. The
 thesis presents advancements on three major fronts. It generalizes the formalism for network reconstruction, proposing a flexible methodology that allows to include any prior
 topological knowledge and to derive a compatible, unbiased
 weighted distribution. It proposes a new approach to link
 prediction, whose key idea is to tune reconstruction models
 on the accessible portion of network to infer the partiallyobserved portion, i.e. the most likely missing links. Finally,
 in the case of weighted prediction, unlike the vast majority of
 alternative methods, it provides an explicit recipe to estimate
 the links weights, together with their confidence intervals.
A quasi-linear spin-torque nano-oscillator via enhanced negative feedback of power fluctuations
Creators: name: Lee, O. J.
name: Braganca, P. M.
name: Pribiag, V. S.
name: Ralph, D. C.
name: Buhrman, R. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report an approach to improving the performance of spin torque nano-oscillators (STNOs) that utilizes power-dependent negative feedback to achieve a significantly enhanced dynamic damping. In combination with a sufficiently slow variation of frequency with power this can result in a quasi-linear STNO, with very weak non-linear coupling of power and phase fluctuations over a range of bias current and field. An implementation of this approach that utilizes a non-uniform spin-torque demonstrates that highly coherent room temperature STNOs can be achieved while retaining a significant tunability.
Reduzierte Produkte von Halbordnungen : eine Verallgemeinerung der Shelahschen pcf-Theorie
Creators: name: Neumann, Stefan
Publisher: name: Hannover : Universität Hannover
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Set theory
subject: cardinal arithmetic
subject: pcf theory
subject: Halbordnung
subject: Idealtheorie
subject: Kardinalzahl
subject: Produkt
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::510 | Mathematik

description: [no abstract]
Design of the High Rigidity Spectrometer at FRIB
Creators: name: Noji, S.
name: Zegers, R. G. T.
name: Berg, G. P. A.
name: Amthor, A. M.
name: Baumann, T.
name: Bazin, D.
name: Burkhardt, E. E.
name: Cortesi, M.
name: DeKamp, J. C.
name: Hausmann, M.
name: Portillo, M.
name: Potterveld, D. H.
name: Sherrill, B. M.
name: Stolz, A.
name: Tarasov, O. B.
name: York, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A High Rigidity Spectrometer (HRS) has been designed for experiments at the Facility for Rare-Isotope Beams (FRIB) at Michigan State University (MSU). The HRS will allow experiments to be performed with the most exotic neutron-rich isotopes at high beam energies ($\gtrsim$100MeV/u). The HRS consists of an analysis beamline called the High-Transmission Beamline (HTBL) and the spectrometer proper called the Spectrometer Section. The maximum magnetic rigidity of the HRS is 8Tm, which corresponds to the rigidities at which rare-isotope beams are optimally produced at FRIB. The resolving power, angular acceptance, and momentum acceptance are set to match the anticipated scientific program. An ion-optical design developed for the HRS is described in detail, along with the specifications of the associated magnet and detector systems.
description: 24 pages, 26 figures, 6 tables
title: One-Pot Synthesis of Anionic (Nitrogen) and Cationic (Sulfur) Codoped High-Temperature Stable, Visible Light Active, Anatase Photocatalysts
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Pillai, Suresh
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2009

description: An efficient and straightforward method for the preparation of nitrogen and sulfur (N, S) codoped high-temperaturestable, visible light active, anatase titania is reported. For the first time simultaneous nitrogen and sulfur dopingwas achieved using a single source, ammonium sulfate [(NH4)2SO4], as the modification agent of the titaniumisopropoxide (TTIP) precursor. A stoichiometric modification of 1:8 TTIP:(NH4)2SO4composition (TNS8) wasfound to be the most effective in extending the stability of anatase to higher temperatures. This particular modificationresulted in 100% anatase at 850°C and 41% anatase at 900°C, whereas the control titania contained only 12%anatase at 700°C and completely transformed to rutile at 800°C. Codoped (N, S) titania was investigated by arange of characterization techniques including XRD, Raman spectroscopy, XPS, and FTIR. XPS indicated theexistence of nitrogen as an anion dopant and sulfur as a cation dopant within the TiO2lattice. The UV/visible andvisible light photocatalytic studies were carried out using the rhodamine 6G dye as a model system. The visiblelight photocatalytic activity of the TNS8 sample calcined at 850°C was double that of Degussa P25, and the rateconstant calculated by pseudo-first-order kinetics was 0.019 min-1for the TNS8 sample and 0.008 min-1forDegussa P25. This higher photocatalytic activity was attributable to a combination of improved anatase phasestability, higher surface area, and codoped (N, S) titania lattice. Moreover, this codoped (N, S) sample also exhibitsexcellent photocatalytic activity under UV/visible light.
Entanglement Entropy and Modular Hamiltonian of free fermion with deformations on a torus
Creators: name: He, Song
name: Liu, Zhang-Cheng
name: Sun, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we perturbatively calculate the modular Hamiltonian to obtain the entanglement entropy in a free fermion theory on a torus with three typical deforma- tions, e.g., T\bar{T} deformation, local bilinear operator deformation, and mass deformation. For T\bar{T} deformation, we find that the leading order correction of entanglement entropy is proportional to the expectation value of the undeformed modular Hamiltonian. As a check, in the high/low-temperature limit, the entanglement entropy coincides with that obtained by the replica trick in the literature. Following the same perturbative strategy, we obtain the entanglement entropy of the free fermion vacuum state up to second-order by inserting a local bilinear operator deformation in a moving mirror set- ting. In the uniformly accelerated mirror, the first-order and second-order correction of entanglement entropy vanishes in the late time limit. For mass deformation, we derive the entanglement entropy up to first-order deformation and comment on the second-order correction.
title: Kunstdenkmäler des christlichen Mittelalters in den Rheinlanden, von Ernst aus'm Weerth, Leipzig 1860
Creators: name: Lorentz, [?]
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Kunstdenkmäler des christlichen Mittelalters in den Rheinlanden, herausgegeben von Ernst aus'm Weerth. Zweiter Band. Leipzig 1860.
title: Working Report on the Status Quo of Nanomaterials Impact on Health and Environment
titleType: Other
Creators: name: Krug, Harold
Publisher: name: TU Dublin
Year: 2008

description: Nanotechnology is regarded as one of the key technologies of the future and associated with high expectations by politics, science and economy. Artificially produced nanosized particles and nanoscale system components have new properties which are of importance for the development of new products and applications. Such new properties of materials and substances result from the special properties of surfaces and interfaces and in part, from the geometric shape of the material. In theory nanoparticles (NPs) can be produced from nearly any chemical; however, most NPs that are currently in use today have been made from transition metals, silicon, carbon (single-walled carbon nanotubes; fullerenes), and metal oxides (zinc dioxide and titanium dioxide). Potentially harmful effects of nanotechnology might arise as a result of the nature of the NPs themselves, the characteristics of the products made from them, or aspects of the manufacturing process involved (Borm and Kreyling, 2004). The large surface area, crystalline structure, and reactivity of some NPs may facilitate transport in the environment or lead to harm because of their interactions with cellular material. In the case of nanomaterials, size matters, and could facilitate and exacerbate any harmful effects caused by the composition of the material. The highest risks for humans and the environment are associated with nanomaterials contained in products in the form of free particles. As long as NPs remain firmly embedded in materials, hardly any risk should be expected (Brouwer, 2004). However, it has to be clarified in these cases whether and in which form nanomaterials can be released into the environment during the production process, the use of a product, due to ageing and degradation as well as during disposal and recycling processes. Of course, also in the case of nanomaterials, environmental risk assessment should take into account their entire life cycle.
Random cascade model in the limit of infinite integral scale as the exponential of a non-stationary $1/f$ noise. Application to volatility fluctuations in stock markets
Creators: name: Muzy, J. F.
name: Baile, R.
name: Bacry, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we propose a new model for volatility fluctuations in financial time series. This model relies on a non-stationary gaussian process that exhibits aging behavior. It turns out that its properties, over any finite time interval, are very close to continuous cascade models. These latter models are indeed well known to reproduce faithfully the main stylized facts of financial time series. However, it involve a large scale parameter (the so-called "integral scale" where the cascade is initiated) that is hard to interpret in finance. Moreover the empirical value of the integral scale is in general deeply correlated to the overall length of the sample. This feature is precisely predicted by our model that turns out, as illustrated on various examples from daily stock index data, to quantitatively reproduce the empirical observations.
description: 9 Figures
Supersymmetric Galilean Electrodynamics
Creators: name: Baiguera, Stefano
name: Cederle, Lorenzo
name: Penati, Silvia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2+1 dimensions, we propose a renormalizable non-linear sigma model action which describes the $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric generalization of Galilean Electrodynamics. We first start with the simplest model obtained by null reduction of the relativistic Abelian $\mathcal{N}=1$ supersymmetric QED in 3+1 dimensions and study its renormalization properties directly in non-relativistic superspace. Despite the existence of a non-renormalization theorem induced by the causal structure of the non-relativistic dynamics, we find that the theory is non-renormalizable. Infinite dimensionless, supersymmetric and gauge-invariant terms, which combine into an analytic function, are generated at quantum level. Renormalizability is then restored by generalizing the theory to a non-linear sigma model where the usual minimal coupling between gauge and matter is complemented by infinitely many marginal couplings driven by a dimensionless gauge scalar and its fermionic superpartner. Superconformal invariance is preserved in correspondence of a non-trivial conformal manifold of fixed points where the theory is gauge-invariant and interacting.
description: 38+18 pages, 12 figures; v2: reference added
title: Ueber Trajans steinerne Donaubrücke / Die britannischen Auxiliartruppen in den römischen Donauländern, von Joseph Aschbach
Creators: name: Freudenberg, Johannes
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: Ueber Trajans steinerne Donaubrücke von Joseph Aschbach. Mit 2 Tafeln und 3 Holzschnitten. Wien. Aus der kaiserl. Hof- und Staatsdruckerei. 1858. (Besonders abgedruckt aus dem August-Hefte des III. Jahrg. der "Mittheilungen der k. k. Central-Commission zur Erforschung und Erhaltun der Baudenkmale".) 24 S. 4. Rezension zu: Die britannischen Auxiliartruppen in den römischen Donauländern. Von Joseph Aschbach. Wien 1860. 29 S. 8. (Aus dem Jahrbuch für vaterländische Geschichte, Wien 1860, besonders abgedruckt.).
Kinematics and Mass Distributions for Non-Spherical Deprojected Sérsic Density Profiles and Applications to Multi-Component Galactic Systems
Creators: name: Price, S. H.
name: Übler, H.
name: Schreiber, N. M. Förster
name: de Zeeuw, P. T.
name: Burkert, A.
name: Genzel, R.
name: Tacconi, L. J.
name: Davies, R. I.
name: Price, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using kinematics to decompose galaxies' mass profiles, including the dark matter contribution, often requires parameterization of the baryonic mass distribution based on ancillary information. One such model choice is a deprojected Sérsic profile with an assumed intrinsic geometry. The case of flattened, deprojected Sérsic models has previously been applied to flattened bulges in local star-forming galaxies (SFGs), but can also be used to describe the thick, turbulent disks in distant SFGs. Here we extend this previous work that derived density ($ρ$) and circular velocity ($v_{\rm circ}$) curves by additionally calculating the spherically-enclosed 3D mass profiles ($M_{\rm sph}$). Using these profiles, we compare the projected and 3D mass distributions, quantify the differences between the projected and 3D half-mass radii ($R_{\rm e}; r_{\rm 1/2,mass,3D}$), and present virial coefficients relating $v_{\rm circ}(R)$ and $M_{\rm sph}(
description: 16 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Jahn-Teller states mixed by spin-orbit coupling in an electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Miñarro, Alejandro S.
name: Herranz, Gervasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin-orbit coupling plays a pivotal role in condensed matter physics. For instance, spin-orbit interactions affect the magnetization and transport dynamics in solids, while spins and momenta are locked in topological matter. Alternatively, spin-orbit entanglement may play an important role in exotic phenomena, like quantum spin liquids in 4d and 5d systems. An interesting question is how electronic states mixed by spin orbit coupling interact with electromagnetic fields, which may hold potential to tune their properties and reveal interesting physics. Motivated by our recent discovery of large gyrotropic signals in some Jahn-Teller manganites, here we explore the interaction of light with spin-mixed states in a d4 transition metal. We show that spin-orbit mixing enables electronic transitions that are sensitive to circularly polarized light, giving rise to a gyrotropic response that increases with spin-orbit coupling. Interestingly, photoexcited transitions that involve spin reversal are behind such gyrotropic resonances. Additionally, we find that the interaction with the electromagnetic field depends strongly on the relative orientation of the propagation of light with respect to Jahn-Teller distortions and spin quantization. We suggest that such interactions offer the opportunity to use electromagnetic waves at optical wavelengths to entangle orbital and spin degrees of freedom. Our approach, which includes a group-theoretical treatment of spin-orbit coupling, has wide applicability and provides a versatile tool to explore the interaction of electromagnetic fields with electronic states in transition metals with arbitrary spin-orbit coupling strength and pointgroup symmetries.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
UI$_3$ -- 5f-electron magnetic van der Waals material
Creators: name: Hovančík, Dávid
name: Kratochvílová, Marie
name: Doležal, Petr
name: Bendová, Anežka
name: Pospíšil, Jiří
name: Sechovský, Vladimír
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We grew high-quality single crystals of the 5f electron van der Waals compound UI$_3$ and investigated them by measurements of specific heat and magnetization as functions of temperature and magnetic field. UI$_3$ behaves as an antiferromagnet with a first-order magnetic phase transition at the Neél temperature $T_N$ = 2.65 K. It is characterized by a sharp symmetric specific-heat peak which is gradually shifted to lower temperatures by increasing magnetic field applied along either the a- or b-axis. The behavior in magnetic fields reveals orthorhombic magnetocrystalline anisotropy with the hard magnetization direction along the c-axis. The 2-K a- and b-axis magnetization curves exhibit a metamagnetic transition at the critical field $H_c$ = 3 T and 1.8 T, respectively. In higher fields, when the long-range antiferromagnetism is suppressed by a metamagnetic transition, signs of short-range magnetic ordering of antiferromagnetic correlations in the paramagnetic state show up both in specific heat and magnetization. The anomalous S-shape field dependence of a-axis magnetization well above $H_c$ can be understood as the crossover from the correlated paramagnetic regime to the high-field polarized paramagnet. The magnetic phase diagrams for the magnetic field applied along the a- and b-axis, respectively, designed using the mentioned experimental results are presented. We have also found that the UI$_3$ crystals are easily cleavable which predisposes this material for direct investigation of 5f electron magnetism in the 2D limit on exfoliated atomically thin samples.
description: Submitted to JALCOM
Off-diagonal wormhole and black hole deformations and dark energy in two measure/bi-metric modified gravity theories
Creators: name: Gheorghiu, Tamara
name: Vacaru, Olivia
name: Vacaru, Sergiu I.
Publisher: name: Singapur : World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Black hole
subject: Cosmological solutions
subject: Dark energy
subject: Effective Einstein gravity
subject: Modified and massive gravity
subject: Off-diagonal wormhole
subject: Two measure theories
subject: Cosmology
subject: Relativity
subject: Stars
subject: Black holes
subject: Einstein gravity
subject: Measure theory
subject: Gravitation
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: We find general parameterizations for generic off-diagonal spacetime metrics and matter sources in general relativity (GR) and two measure/bi-metric modified gravity theories, MGTs, when the field equations decouple with respect to nonholonomic frames of reference. This allows us to construct various classes of exact solutions when the coefficients of the fundamental geometric/physical objects depend on all spacetime coordinates via corresponding classes of generating and integration functions and/or constants. Such (modified) spacetimes display Killing and non-Killing symmetries, describe nonlinear vacuum configurations and effective polarizations of cosmological and interaction constants. Certain examples of exact locally anisotropic wormhole and generic off-diagonal cosmological solutions are analysed for MGTs of massive and/or modified f(R,T) gravity, two measure theory etc. We conclude that considering generic off-diagonal nonlinear parametric interactions in GR it is possible to mimic various effects in massive and/or modified gravity, or to distinguish certain classes of generic modified gravity solutions which cannot be encoded in GR.
Stone-Wales defects can cause a metal-semiconductor transition in carbon nanotubes depending on their orientation
Creators: name: Partovi-Azar, P.
name: Namiranian, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been shown that the two different orientations of Stone-Wales (SW) defects, i.e. longitudinal and circumferential SW defects, on carbon nanotubes (CNTs) result in two different electronic structures. Based on density functional theory we have shown that the longitudinal SW defects do not open a bandgap near the Fermi energy, while a relatively small bandgap emerges in tubes with circumferential defects. We argue that the bandgap opening in the presence of circumferential SW defects is a consequence of long-range symmetry breaking which can spread all the way along the tube. Specifically, the distribution of contracted and stretched bond lengths due to the presence of defects, and hopping energies for low-energy electrons, i.e. the 2pz electrons, show two different patterns for the two types of defects. Interplay between the geometric features and the electronic properties of the tubes have also been studied for different defect concentrations. Considering $π$-orbital charge density, it has also been shown that the deviations of bond lengths from their relaxed length result in different doping for two defect orientations around the defects -- electron-rich for a circumferential defect and hole-rich for a longitudinal one. We have also shown that, in the tubes having both types of defects, circumferential defects would dominate and impose their electronic properties.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Equilibrium Contact Angle at the Wetted Substrate
Creators: name: Pekker, Leonid
name: Pekker, David
name: Petviashvili, Nikolai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a novel model for the steady-state contact angles of liquid droplets at the wetted substrate. The non-removable, thin liquid film covering the substrate is governed by the intermolecular forces between molecules of liquid and solid, which we describe using the standard disjoining pressure approximation. Balancing the disjoining pressure against the surface tension we find the smooth shape of the surface of the liquid. We show that we can extract an effective contact angle from the region where the film and the droplet meet. Crucially, we find that for large droplets the contact angle is independent of the droplet size. Instead, the contact angle is determined by the surface tension and the disjoining pressure parameters through a simple formula that works for both small and large contact angles. We suggest that comparing predictions of our model to experimentally measured contact angles will enable constraining the parameters of the disjoining pressure models.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Charakterisierung lebensmitteltechnologisch relevanter Amidasen aus Flammulina velutipes und Pleurotus ostreatus
Creators: name: Eisele, Nadine
Publisher: name: Hannover : Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Hydrolasen
subject: Basidiomyceten
subject: heterologe Expression
subject: Hydrolases
subject: basidiomycete
subject: heterologous expression
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: [no abstract]
Cooperative Relaying in a Poisson Field of Interferers: A Diversity Order Analysis
Creators: name: Tanbourgi, Ralph
name: Jäkel, Holger
name: Jondral, Friedrich K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work analyzes the gains of cooperative relaying in interference-limited networks, in which outages can be due to interference and fading. A stochastic model based on point process theory is used to capture the spatial randomness present in contemporary wireless networks. Using a modification of the diversity order metric, the reliability gain of selection decode-and-forward is studied for several cases. The main results are as follows: the achievable \emph{spatial-contention} diversity order (SC-DO) is equal to one irrespective of the type of channel which is due to the ineffectiveness of the relay in the MAC-phase (transmit diversity). In the BC-phase (receive diversity), the SC-DO depends on the amount of fading and spatial interference correlation. In the absence of fading, there is a hard transition between SC-DO of either one or two, depending on the system parameters.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. To be presented at ISIT 2013
title: Neue Heidelberger Jahrbücher, Heidelberg 1895
Creators: name: Mehlis, Christian
Publisher: name: University Library Heidelberg
Year: 2016

description: Rezension zu: „Neue Heidelberger Jahrbücher“, herausgeg. vom historisch-philosophischen Verein zu Heidelberg; Jahrg. V. Heft 1; 106 Seiten; Heidelberg. G. Köster 1895.
Prunus mahaleb L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P. Mahaleb L. Cat. 83 und 424. Häufig in den Distr. 1-3 und 4; fehlt in Distr. 3a. Bis 1650 m: Hofstätten bei Törbel (Stehler).
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Coulomb blockade effects in Ag/Si(111): The role of the wetting layer
Creators: name: Schmeidel, Jedrzej
name: Pfnür, Herbert
name: Tegenkamp, Christoph
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Single and double barrier structures have been realized with Ag nanostructures grown on Si(111) in combination with scanning tunneling microscopy. The series connection of a Schottky (SB) and tunneling barrier mimics a double barrier structure showing Coulomb blockade oscillations as revealed by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS). Although the SB remains in presence of a Ag√3×√3 reconstruction, the dI/dV characteristic turns into a single barrier structure. The Ag reconstruction provides a sufficiently high electron mobility capturing intrinsic defects which shortens the resistance of the SB. These results show that vertical transport properties, as measured with STS, are not only controlled by the structure and the bonding on the atomic scale, but depend strongly on the lateral properties of the interface as well. © 2009 The American Physical Society.
Zur Darstellung von Macht in der räumlichen Planung - Potenziale und Grenzen der Methode der systemischen Aufstellung
Creators: name: Levin-Keitel, Meike
name: Lelong, Bettina
name: Thaler, Thomas
Publisher: name: Heidelberg : Springer
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Macht
subject: Systemische Strukturaufstellung
subject: Räumliche Planung
subject: Netzwerkanalyse
subject: Power-Interest Grid
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::700 | Künste, Bildende Kunst allgemein::710 | Landschaftsgestaltung, Raumplanung

description: Macht ist der räumlichen Planung inhärent, insbesondere in der Entscheidungsfindung, im Entscheidungsprozess und der Umsetzung von räumlicher Planung. Jedoch scheint es besonders schwierig, nicht nur institutionalisierte Macht in Form von Hierarchieebenen, rechtlichen Instrumenten und Finanzausstattungen, sondern vielmehr den Gebrauch von Macht und reale Machtkalküle in Planungsprozessen zu analysieren und darzustellen. In diesem Beitrag wird die übertragung der Methode der systemischen Strukturaufstellung als Beitrag zur Darstellung von Machtaspekten in Planungsprozessen eingeführt. Aufbauend auf Machtkonzeptionen in Theorien und Praxis werden in einem ersten Schritt ähnliche Methoden und deren Darstellung von Machtfragen kurz erläutert. Anschließend wird die Methode der systemischen Strukturaufstellung ausführlich erklärt und dargestellt, gefolgt von einer exemplarischen Darstellung der Anwendung der Methode in Wissenschaft und Praxis. Der Beitrag endet mit einem Fazit zur Anwendung systemischer Aufstellungen in der räumlichen Planung.