cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Combining Biophysical and Price Simulations to Assess the Economics of Long-Term Crop Rotations
Creators: name: Murray-Prior, Roy B.
name: Whish, J.
name: Carberry, Peter S.
name: Dalgleish, N.
name: Murray-Prior, Roy B.
name: Whish, J.
name: Carberry, Peter S.
name: Dalgleish, N.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Biophysical simulation models (e.g. APSIM) using historical rainfall data are increasingly being used to provide yield and other data on crop rotations in various regions of Australia. However, to analyse the economics of these rotations it is desirable to incorporate the other main driver of profitability, price variation. Because the context was that APSIM was being used to simulate an existing trial site being monitored by a farmer group Gross Margin output was considered most appropriate. Long-run rotational gross margins were calculated for the various rotations with yields (and other physical outputs) derived from APSIM simulations over a period of 100+ years and prices simulated in @Risk based on subjective triangular price distributions elicited from farmers in the group. Rotations included chickpeas, cotton, lucerne, sorghum, wheat and different lengths of fallow. Output presented to the farmers included mean annual gross margins and distributions of gross margins presented as probability distributions, cumulative probability distributions and box and whisker plots. Cotton rotations were the most profitable but had greater declines in soil fertility and greater drainage out of the root zone.
General-relativistic perturbation equations for the dynamics of elastic deformable astronomical bodies expanded in terms of generalized spherical harmonics
Creators: name: Xu, Chongming
name: Wu, Xuejun
name: Soffel, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In our previous paper, based on the Carter & Quintana framework and the Damour-Soffel-Xu scheme, we deduced a complete and closed set of post-Newtonian dynamical equations for elastically deformable astronomical bodies. In this paper, we expand the general relativistic perturbation equations of elastic deformable bodies (field equations, stress-strain relation, Euler equation) in terms of Generalized Spherical Harmonics. This turns the set of complicated partial differential equations into a set of ordinary differential equations. This will be useful for numerical applications that mainly deal with the global dynamics of the Earth.
description: 11 pages
Estate Planning and Farm Transfer in a Changing Legislative Environment: North Carolina, U.S.A. an Example
Creators: name: Van Der Hoeven, Guido
name: Van Der Hoeven, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Farm Management

description: Since the enactment of the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001, owners and operators of farms and ranches have opportunities to evaluate new estate planning strategies for the transfer of farm businesses to subsequent generations. However, with provisions of the Act to be phased in over several years, consideration must be given to having a "staged" estate plan. Under provisions of the current law, estate tax is repealed in the year 2010, but if Congress does not act, the legislation sunsets and returns to prior law January 1, 2011. This fact provides planning challenges for owners and operators of farms and ranches as the phase-in of provisions, the repeal in 2010, and the return to prior law relative to estate planning and business inter-generational transfer of property. This paper investigates the planning process and options available as they relate to a family-owned property in North Carolina, USA. Plans made must take into consideration the dynamics of a changing legislative environment, special-use valuation of land, opportunity cost of alternative uses for land, and off-farm heirs.
Governance Regulations DAT-, MAP-, SIM- and K- CORE of the SPARC Data and Resource Center (SPARC DRC)
Creators: name: SPARC Data And Resource Center
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Governance, SPARC

description: Document describing governance organization and process for the Data and Resource Center of the Stimulating Peripheral Activity to Relieve Conditions (SPARC) program. SPARC is funded by the US National Institutes of Health with the goal of accelerating development of therapeutic devices and identification of neural targets for bioelectronic medicine.The DRC operates the SPARC Portal providing data sets and computational tools to the community.
Assessing wildfire radiative power and pollution in the Amazon Basin
Creators: name: Correia, Alexandre
name: Nobrega, Thiago F
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Amazon
fire radiative power
GOES-16
GHG
green house gases
wildfire

description: A Master of Science project submitted to the Graduate Program at the Institute of Physics, University of Sao Paulo, on behalf of Mr Thiago F Nobrega.
Additional file 1 of Indigenous perspectives on wellness and health in Canada: study protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Thiessen, K.
name: M. Haworth-Brockman
name: R. Stout
name: P. Moffitt
name: J. Gelowitz
name: J. Schneider
name: L. Demczuk
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P checklist.
title: Identification of the Optimal Passenger Car Vehicle Fleet Transition for Mitigating the Cumulative LifeCycle Greenhouse Gas Emissions until 2050
Creators: name: Blat Belmonte, Benjamin
name: Esser, Arved
name: Weyand, Steffi
name: Franke, Georg
name: Schebek, Liselotte
name: Rinderknecht, Stephan
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: We present an optimization model for the passenger car vehicle fleet transition—the time-dependent fleet composition—in Germany until 2050. The goal was to minimize the cumulative greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions of the vehicle fleet taking into account life-cycle assessment (LCA) data. LCAs provide information on the global warming potential (GWP) of different powertrain concepts. Meta-analyses of batteries, of different fuel types, and of the German energy sector are conducted to support the model. Furthermore, a sensitivity-analysis is performed on four key influence parameters: the battery production emissions trend, the German energy sector trend, the hydrogen production path trend, and the mobility sector trend. Overall, we draw the conclusion that—in any scenario—future vehicles should have a plug-in option, allowing their usage as fully or partly electrical vehicles. For short distance trips, battery electric vehicles (BEVs) with a small battery size are the most reasonable choice throughout the transition. Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) powered by compressed natural gas (CNG) emerge as promising long-range capable solution. Starting in 2040, long-range capable BEVs and fuel cell plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (FCPHEVs) have similar life-cycle emissions as PHEV-CNG.
Haile, Getatchew: A Catalogue of Ethiopian Manuscripts microfilmed for the Ethiopian Manuscript Microfilm Library, Assid Ababa and for the Hill Monastic Manuscript Library, Collegeville
Creators: name: Kropp, Manfred
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 90 (2006): Oriens christianus, Band 90
Quantum Computation Beyond the "Standard Circuit Model"
Creators: name: Chatzisavvas, K. Ch.
name: Daskaloyannis, C.
name: Panos, C. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Construction of explicit quantum circuits follows the notion of the "standard circuit model" introduced in the solid and profound analysis of elementary gates providing quantum computation. Nevertheless the model is not always optimal (e.g. concerning the number of computational steps) and it neglects physical systems which cannot follow the "standard circuit model" analysis. We propose a computational scheme which overcomes the notion of the transposition from classical circuits providing a computation scheme with the least possible number of Hamiltonians in order to minimize the physical resources needed to perform quantum computation and to succeed a minimization of the computational procedure (minimizing the number of computational steps needed to perform an arbitrary unitary transformation). It is a general scheme of construction, independent of the specific system used for the implementation of the quantum computer. The open problem of controllability in Lie groups is directly related and rises to prominence in an effort to perform universal quantum computation.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Relationship between internet addiction and sleep disturbance in high school students: a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Tokiya, Mikiko
name: Itani, Osamu
name: Otsuka, Yuichiro
name: Kaneita, Yoshitaka
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Questions regarding daily-life habits. We present questions and responses from the survey form.
Universal fitting formulae for baryon oscillation surveys
Creators: name: Blake, Chris
name: Parkinson, David
name: Bassett, Bruce
name: Glazebrook, Karl
name: Kunz, Martin
name: Nichol, Robert C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The next generation of galaxy surveys will attempt to measure the baryon oscillations in the clustering power spectrum with high accuracy. These oscillations encode a preferred scale which may be used as a standard ruler to constrain cosmological parameters and dark energy models. In this paper we present simple analytical fitting formulae for the accuracy with which the preferred scale may be determined in the tangential and radial directions by future spectroscopic and photometric galaxy redshift surveys. We express these accuracies as a function of survey parameters such as the central redshift, volume, galaxy number density and (where applicable) photometric redshift error. These fitting formulae should greatly increase the efficiency of optimizing future surveys, which requires analysis of a potentially vast number of survey configurations and cosmological models. The formulae are calibrated using a grid of Monte Carlo simulations, which are analyzed by dividing out the overall shape of the power spectrum before fitting a simple decaying sinusoid to the oscillations. The fitting formulae reproduce the simulation results with a fractional scatter of 7% (10%) in the tangential (radial) directions over a wide range of input parameters. We also indicate how sparse-sampling strategies may enhance the effective survey area if the sampling scale is much smaller than the projected baryon oscillation scale.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
MODELLIERUNG VON "POLICY OUTPUT" UND "INSTITUTIONAL CHOICE" IN INTERNATIONALEN UMWELTREGIMEN: Ein Einfaches Polit-Okonomisches Gleichgewichtsmodel
Creators: name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy

description: Ein einfaches polit-ökonomisches Gleichgewichtsmodell
Mean field baryon magnetic moments and sumrules
Creators: name: Bagchi, Manjari
name: Daw, Sukanta
name: Dey, Mira
name: Dey, Jishnu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New developments have spurred interest in magnetic moments ($μ$-s) of baryons. The measurement of some of the decuplet $μ$-s and the findings of new sumrules from various methods are partly responsible for this renewed interest. Our model, inspired by large colour approximation, is a relativistic self consistent mean field description with a modified Richardson potential and is used to describe the $μ$-s and masses of all baryons with up (u), down (d) and strange (s) quarks. We have also checked the validity of the Franklin sumrule (referred to as CGSR in the literature) and sumrules of Luty, March-Russell and White. We found that our result for sumrules matches better with experiment than the non-relativistic quark model prediction. We have also seen that quark magnetic moments depend on the baryon in which they belong while the naive quark model expects them to be constant.
description: 7 pages, no figure, uses epl.cls
Fermi-Bose mapping for one-dimensional Bose gases
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Girardeau, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional Bose gases are considered, interacting either through the hard-core potentials or through the contact delta potentials. Interest in these gases gained momentum because of the recent experimental realization of quasi-one-dimensional Bose gases in traps with tightly confined radial motion, achieving the Tonks-Girardeau (TG) regime of strongly interacting atoms. For such gases the Fermi-Bose mapping of wavefunctions is applicable. The aim of the present communication is to give a brief survey of the problem and to demonstrate the generality of this mapping by emphasizing that: (i) It is valid for nonequilibrium wavefunctions, described by the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, not merely for stationary wavefunctions. (ii) It gives the whole spectrum of all excited states, not merely the ground state. (iii) It applies to the Lieb-Liniger gas with the contact interaction, not merely to the TG gas of impenetrable bosons.
description: Brief review, Latex file, 15 pages
The political power of words : "democracy" and political strategies in the United States and France (1776-1871)
Creators: name: Dupuis-Déri, Francis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: For more than two thousand years, "democracy" had referred to chaos, violence, irrationality and the tyranny of the mob. Almost all the principal founders of what we now call the "democratic" systems of the United States and France openly and proudly proclaimed their opposition to "democracy." "Democracy" was a term which, for them, had a disparaging connotation. Thus, the term "democracy" was an effective weapon for undermining the legitimacy of a political actor, faction or platform. Despite this inauspicious beginning, political leaders gradually became defenders and promoters of "democracy" (around 1830-40). The shift may be explained by the birth of the official parties in the United States and by the introduction of Universal suffrage (for adult males) in France. The word "democracy" was consciously employed to induce the people into believing that the politicians cared about representing their wishes and interests. In both cases—the United States and France—political factions competed for control of the term "democracy" and even openly acknowledged the existence of this semantic competition. It may be said, therefore, that it is mainly due to successful propaganda that we use the label "democracy" today to characterize the American and the French regimes.
REPORT DEL BIOBLITZ ALL'OASI DEI GHIRARDI (PARMA)
Creators: name: Cabrini, Riccardo
name: Monterastrelli, Elisa
name: Mori, Emiliano
name: Letardi, Agostino
name: Rivola, Alessio
name: Barbato, Debora
name: Mazza, Giuseppe
name: Ancillotto, Leonardo
name: Nerva, Luca
name: Picchi, Malayka Samantha
name: Fornaroli, Riccardo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bioblitz
Biodiversity
Inventory
Citizen science

description: Un BioBlitz è un evento che si concentra sul cercare e identificare il maggior numero di specie possibile in una determinata area nell’arco di 24 ore. L'obiettivo primario di un BioBlitz è quello di ottenere un conteggio complessivo degli organismi che vivono in un luogo, coinvolgendo personale specializzato e cittadini interessati (famiglie, bambini, studenti). I partecipanti acquisiscono competenze e conoscenze in campo ecologico, e sviluppano una connessione più forte con l’ambiente che li circonda. Un BioBlitz ha lo scopo di promuovere e migliorare le conoscenze sugli habitat naturali locali da parte del grande pubblico, facilitando l’accettazione di campagne di conservazione e gestione della biodiversità. In questo report descriviamo i risultati del Bioblitz organizzato nell''Oasi dei Ghirardi", Riserva Naturale Regionale che include un Sito d'Importanza Comunitaria nei Comuni di Borgo Val di Taro e Albareto (Pr), a circa un’ora di distanza dalla città di Parma, ed è compresa nel sistema delle Oasi del WWF Italia. A ridosso della dorsale appenninica, l'area si estende per circa 600 ettari, ospita habitat rarissimi ed un paesaggio incantevole. A BioBlitz is an event that focuses on looking for and identifying as many species as possible in a given area within 24 hours. The main aim of a BioBlitz is to obtain an overall count of the organisms that live in a place, involving scientists and interested citizens (families, children, students). The participants acquire skills and knowledge in the ecological field, and develop a stronger connection with the environment around them. A BioBlitz aims to promote and improve knowledge of local natural habitats by the general public, facilitating the acceptance of biodiversity conservation and management campaigns. This report describes the results of the Bioblitz organised in the "Oasi dei Ghirardi", a Regional Natural Reserve including a Site of Community Importance, located in the Municipalities of Borgo Val di Taro and Albareto (Pr), about a now away from the city of Parma, and is included in the WWF Italy Oasis system. Close to the Apennine ridge, the area extends for about 600 hectares, hosts rare habitats and an enchanting landscape.
The possible origin of the higher magnetic phase transition in RuSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 (Ru-1222)
Creators: name: Felner, I.
name: Galstyan, E.
name: Nowik, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two magnetic transitions are observed in the magneto-superconducting RuEu2-xCexSr2Cu2O10 (Ru-1222), at TM 160 K and TM2~80 K. Below TM2 the Ru moments are weak-ferromagnetically ordered and wide ferromagnetic hysteresis loops are observed, they become narrow and disappear at ~ 60-70 K. Above TM2, (i) small antiferromagnetic-like hysteresis loops reappear with a peak in the coercive fields around 120 K. (ii) A small peak at ~120 K is also observed in the dc and ac susceptibility curves. The two phenomena are absent in the non-SC x=1 samples. For x<1, the decrease of the Ce4+ content, is compensated by non-homogeneous oxygen depletion, which may induce a reduction of Ru5+ ions to Ru4+. The higher ordering temperature, TM, which does not change with x, may result from Ru4+ rich clusters, in which the Ru4+-Ru4+ exchange interactions are stronger than the Ru5+-Ru5+ interactions. In the superconducting Ru1-xMoxSr2Eu1.5Ce0.5Cu2O10 (x=0-0.4) system, TM2 shifts to low temperature with x (14 K for x=0.4), whereas TM is not affected by the Mo content, indicating again that TM may not correspond to the main phase. Two scenarios are suggested to explain the magnetic phenomena at TM2
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
Radio Spectral Index Variations of the SNR HB3
Creators: name: Tian, Wenwu
name: Leahy, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present images of the SNR HB3 at both 408 MHz and 1420 MHz from the Canadian Galactic Plane Survey mainly based on data from the Synthesis Telescope of the Dominion Radio Astrophysical Observatory. We reproduce the 100m-Effelsberg HB3 image at 2695 MHz at large scale, and find that there exists a background emission gradient across the HB3 area. Based on our analysis of background emission and the boundary between W3 and HB3, we give HB3's flux density as 68.6 +/- 11.5 Jy at 408 MHz and 44.8 +/- 12.0 Jy at 1420 MHz, after subtracting flux from compact sources within HB3. The integrated flux-density-based spectral index between 408 MHz and 1420 MHz is 0.34 +/- 0.15. The averaged T-T plot spectral index using all subareas is 0.36. Our measurement values are less than a previously published value of 0.6. The 408-1420 MHz spectral index varies spatially in HB3 in the range 0.1 to 0.7. We investigate the data used by previous authors, and consider more data at 232 MHz, 3650 MHz and 3900 MHz which are not included in previous calculations. There is evidence for two spectral indices for HB3 in the radio band, i.e., 0.63 (38 - 610 MHz) and 0.32 (408 - 3900 MHz). This is consistent with the spatial variations: the low frequency data mainly reflects the steeper indices and the high frequency data mainly reflects the flatter indices.
description: 8 pages, 4 tables, 3 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
The jet power, radio loudness and black hole mass in radio loud AGNs
Creators: name: Liu, Yi
name: Jiang, Dong Rong
name: Gu, Min Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The jet formation is thought to be closely connected with the mass of central supermassive black hole in Active Galactic Nuclei. The radio luminosity commonly used in investigating this issue is merely an indirect measure of the energy transported through the jets from the central engine, and severely Doppler boosted in core-dominated radio quasars. In this work, we investigate the relationship between the jet power and black hole mass, by estimating the jet power using extrapolated extended 151 MHz flux density from the VLA 5 GHz extended radio emission, for a sample of 146 radio loud quasars complied from literature. After removing the effect of relativistic beaming in the radio and optical emission, we find a significant intrinsic correlation between the jet power and black hole mass. It strongly implies that the jet power, so as jet formation, is closely connected with the black hole mass.To eliminate the beaming effect in the conventional radio loudness, we define a new radio loudness as the ratio of the radio extended luminosity to the optical luminosity estimated from the broad line luminosity.In a tentatively combined sample of radio quiet with our radio loud quasars, the apparent gap around the conventional radio loudness R=10 is not prominent for the new-defined radio loudness. In this combined sample, we find a significant correlation between the black hole mass and new-defined radio loudness.
description: 35 pages, 10 figures. accepted by ApJ
DIE LOGIK DES ENTSCHEIDENS IM EU-SYSTEM
Creators: name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Pappi, Franz Urban
name: Henning, Christian H.C.A.
name: Pappi, Franz Urban
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Theoretical conception and empirical application to the European Union
Current-induced magnetization switching in CoTb amorphous single layer
Creators: name: Zhang, R. Q.
name: Liao, L. Y.
name: Chen, X. Z.
name: Xu, T.
name: Cai, L.
name: Guo, M. H.
name: Bai, Hao
name: Sun, L.
name: Xue, F. H.
name: Su, J.
name: Wang, X.
name: Wan, C. H.
name: Bai, Hua
name: Song, Y. X.
name: Chen, R. Y.
name: Chen, N.
name: Jiang, W. J.
name: Kou, X. F.
name: Cai, J. W.
name: Wu, H. Q.
name: Pan, F.
name: Song, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate spin-orbit torque (SOT) switching of amorphous CoTb single layer films with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy (PMA). The switching sustains even the film thickness is above 10 nm, where the critical switching current density keeps almost constant. Without the need of overcoming the strong interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction caused by the heavy metal, a quite low assistant field of ~20 Oe is sufficient to realize the fully switching. The SOT effective field decreases and undergoes a sign change with the decrease of the Tb-concentration, implying that a combination of the spin Hall effect from both Co and Tb as well as an asymmetric spin current absorption accounts for the SOT switching mechanism. Our findings would advance the use of magnetic materials with bulk PMA for energy-efficient and thermal-stable non-volatile memories, and add a different dimension for understanding the ordering and asymmetry in amorphous thin films.
description: 17 pages, 4 figures, Phys. Rev. B 101, 214418 (2020)
Metal-insulator transition in PrRu$_4$P$_{12}$ and SmRu$_4$P$_{12}$ investigated by optical spectroscopy
Creators: name: Matsunami, M.
name: Chen, L.
name: Takimoto, M.
name: Okamura, H.
name: Nanba, T.
name: Sekine, C.
name: Shirotani, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electronic structures of the filled-skutterudite compounds PrRu$_4$P$_{12}$ and SmRu$_4$P$_{12}$, which undergo a metal-insulator transition (MIT) at $T_{\rm MI}$ = 60 K and 16 K, respectively, have been studied by means of optical spectroscopy. Their optical conductivity spectra develop an energy gap of $\sim$ 10 meV below $T_{\rm MI}$. The observed characteristics of the energy gap are qualitatively different from those of the Kondo semiconductors. In addition, optical phonon peaks in the spectra show anomalies upon the MIT, including broadening and shifts at $T_{\rm MI}$ and an appearance of new peaks below $T_{\rm MI}$. These results are discussed in terms of density waves or orbital ordering previously predicted for these compounds.
description: 4pages, 4figures, submitted to Physical Review B
Resonant quantum tunneling of spin chains in a three-dimensionnal magnetically ordered state
Creators: name: Lhotel, E.
name: Khatsko, E. N.
name: Paulsen, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that resonant quantum tunneling of the magnetization, until now observed only in zero-dimensional (0D) cluster systems, occurs in the molecular Ising spin chain $[(CH_3)_3NH]CoCl_3\cdot 2H_2O$, which orders as a canted 3D-antiferromagnet at $T_C=4.15 K$. We present three features that prove unambigously the existence of resonant quantum tunneling below $0.3 K$ ($T_C/12$): Temperature independent relaxation of the magnetization, speeding up of the relaxation at a well defined field ($1025 Oe$) and increase of the magnetization each time this field is crossed during a succession of minor hysteresis loops. A mechanism is proposed to describe the behavior based on a simple model of 0D domain wall nucleation.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures revised version
[Fotoalbum]
Creators: name: (:Unas)
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1919

description: Albumet inneholder bilder av Trondheim, Bymarka, Kopperå, Hadseløya, Trollheimen, Rindal, Bjørnstad, Avsløringen av Olav Tryggvason-monumentet 18.09.1921, Jernbaneulykken ved Nidareid, Tyskland, Gråkallen, Jensvold, interiør Jomfrugata 4, Panamakanalen, Kongsvold, Vassfjellet m.m.
The Integration of Rural Households into Ruminant Livestock Industries in China
Creators: name: Waldron, Scott A.
name: Brown, Colin G.
name: Longworth, John W.
name: Waldron, Scott A.
name: Brown, Colin G.
name: Longworth, John W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: China
subject: rural development
subject: livestock
subject: markets
subject: vertical integration

description: A major determinant of rural development in China is the way by which rural households integrate with rural industries. Three forms of integration - market integration, vertical integration and integration through local groups - are investigated. Policy measures that may facilitate household integration, household specialisation and market segmentation are identified. Findings for the ruminant livestock sector are widely applicable to other agricultural industries in China.
The CP asymmetry in B^0(t) -> K_S π^0 γin the Standard Model
Creators: name: Grinstein, Benjamin
name: Pirjol, Dan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The time-dependent CP asymmetry in exclusive B^0(t) -> K^{*0}γdecays has been proposed as a probe of new physics in B decays. Recently, this method was extended to radiative decays into multibody hadronic final states such as B^0(t)-> K_Sπ^0γand B^0(t)-> π^+π^-γ. The CP asymmetry in these decays vanishes to the extent that the photon is completely polarized. In the Standard Model, the photon emitted in b-> sγhas high left-handed polarization, but right-handed contamination enters already at leading order in Λ/m_b even for vanishing light quark masses. We compute here the magnitude of this effect and the time dependent CP asymmetry parameter S_{K_S π^0γ}. We find that the Standard Model can easily accomodate values of S as large as 10%, but a precise value cannot be obtained at present because of strong interactions uncertainties.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Final version to appear in Physical Review D
Projection Operator Formalisms and the Nuclear Shell Model
Creators: name: Jennings, B. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shell model solve the nuclear many-body problem in a restricted model space and takes into account the restricted nature of the space by using effective interactions and operators. In this paper two different methods for generating the effective interactions are considered. One is based on a partial solution of the Schrodinger equation (Bloch-Horowitz or the Feshbach projection formalism) and other on linear algebra (Lee-Suzuki). The two methods are derived in a parallel manner so that the difference and similarities become apparent. The connections with the renormalization group are also pointed out.
description: 4 pages, no figures
Implications of Halo Inside-out Growth on the X-Ray Properties of Nearby Galaxy Systems within the Preheating Scenario
Creators: name: Solanes, Jose M.
name: Manrique, Alberto
name: Gonzalez-Casado, Guillermo
name: Salvador-Sole, Eduard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an entirely analytic model for a preheated, polytropic intergalactic medium in hydrostatic equilibrium within a NFW dark halo potential in which the evolution of the halo structure between major merger events proceeds inside-out by accretion. This model is used to explain, within a standard $Λ$CDM cosmogony, the observed X-ray properties of nearby relaxed, non-cooling flow groups and clusters of galaxies. We find that our preferred solution to the equilibrium equations produces scaling relations in excellent agreement with observations, while simultaneously accounting for the typical structural characteristics of the distribution of the diffuse baryons. In the class of preheating models, ours stands out because it offers a unified description of the intrahalo medium for galaxy systems with total masses above $\sm 2\times 10^{13}$\msun, does not produce baryonic configurations with large isentropic cores, and reproduces faithfully the observed behavior of the gas entropy at large radii. All this is achieved with a moderate level of energy injection of about half a keV, which can be easily accommodated within the limits of the total energy released by the most commonly invoked feedback mechanisms, as well as with a polytropic index of 1.2, consistent with both many observational determinations and predictions from high-resolution gas-dynamical simulations of non-cooling flow clusters. More interestingly, our scheme offers a physical motivation for the adoption of this specific value of the polytropic index, as it is the one that best ensures the conservation after halo virialization of the balance between the total specific energies of the gas and dark matter components for the full range of masses investigated.
description: 18 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
A Review of the Recent Development in Machining Parameter Optimization
Creators: name: Soori, Mohsen
name: Asmael, Mohammed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 91001 CAD/CAM Systems
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description:
MoreAbstract and figuresThe optimization process is applied to the machining operations in order to provide continual improvement in accuracy and quality of produced parts. The effects of machining parameters in milling operations such as spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate are investigated in order to minimize the surface roughness as well as time of machining process. The effective machining parameters such as depth of cut, feed rate and spindle speed in turning operations are investigated to minimize the surface roughness as well as time of machining process. Also, machining parameters such as peak current, gap voltage, duty cycle and pulse on time in Electro Discharge Machining (EDM) operations can be optimized in order to obtain the optimized material removal rate, tool wear and surface roughness in part production process. To improve material removal rate, surface roughness, and spark gap in part production process using the wire EDM operations, machining parameters such as spark on time, spark off time, input current are studied and optimized. To calculate optimized machining parameters, different optimization methods such as Taguchi method, fuzzy logic algorithm, artificial intelligence, genetic algorithm, artificial neural networks, artificial bee colony algorithm, ant colony optimization and harmony search algorithm are used. As a result, time and cost of accurate production can be analyzed and decrease to increase productivity in part production process using machining operations. In this paper, a review of machining parameter optimization is presented and future research works are also suggested. The main aim of the study is reviewing the challenges and limitation of the optimization techniques used in optimizing machining parameters. It has been observed that the research filed can be moved forward by reviewing and analyzing recent achievements in the published papers.
The Economics of Natural Disasters - Implications and Challenges for Food Security
Creators: name: De Haen, Hartwig
name: Hemrich, Gunter
name: De Haen, Hartwig
name: Hemrich, Gunter
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A large and growing share of the world's poor lives under conditions in which high hazard risk coincides with high vulnerability. In the last decade, natural disasters claimed 79,000 lives each year and affected more than 200 million people, with damages amounting to almost US $ 70 billion annually. Experts predict that disasters will become even more frequent and their impact more severe, expecting a five-fold global cost increase over the next fifty years, mainly due to climate change and a further concentration of the world's population in vulnerable habitats. The paper argues that in order to mitigate disaster impact on poor population groups, development policy and disaster management need to become mutually supportive. Focusing on challenges disasters pose to food security, it proposes that in disaster-prone locations measures to improve disaster resilience should be an integral part of food security policies and strategies. It expands the twin-track approach to hunger reduction to a "triple track approach", giving due attention to cross-cutting disaster risk management measures. Practical areas requiring more attention include risk information and analysis; land use planning; upgrading physical infrastructures; diversification and risk transfer mechanisms. Investments in reducing disaster risk will be most needed where both hazard risk and vulnerability are high. As agriculture is particularly vulnerable to disaster risk, measures to reduce this vulnerability, i. e. protecting agricultural lands, water and other assets, should get greater weight in development strategies and food security policies. Investing in disaster resilience involves trade-offs. Identifying the costs, benefits and trade -offs involved will be a prominent task of agricultural economists.
CINECA_Query expansion service_D1.2
Creators: name: Tanzer, Romain
name: Naderi, Nona
name: Teodoro, Douglas
name: Mottaz, Anais
name: Ruch, Patrick
name: Dursi, Jonathan
name: Rambla de Argila, Jordi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: query expansion, discoverability, federated queries, patient-level data

description: CINECA aims to support federated queries and analyses of distributed cohorts across continents. But human health datasets are extremely diverse; many different types of data are collected for many different kinds of health studies by many different health research communities. As a result, different cohort datasets often use different ontologies to describe similar kinds of entities, or represent concepts, such as genomic variation differently. CINECA must span this diversity of data representations in order to achieve its goals of connecting health research cohort data. The work of WP3 partially addresses discoverability of datasets by defining a standard minimal cohort-level data representation which will be common across all cohorts; but that does not address cohort-level data that falls outside of the minimal common data model, nor does it address the representation of patient-level data. WP1’s role is to design and deploy API access to both cohort- and patient-level data, and a fundamental functionality of the infrastructure is to allow the user to find the appropriate dataset independently of the ontology used to map locally the different cohorts or indifferently of the format and syntax used to describe the variants.  This report describes the work done on query expansion, by implementing and demonstrating a query expansion service API that improves findability and searchability of distributed cohort data. Multiple kinds of query expansions are available for enabling further data integration and interoperability, including horizontal expansion, i.e., across ontological systems, and vertical expansion, i.e., within sublevels of the same ontological resource.
Kulthöhlen. Funde – Deutungen – Fakten
Creators: name: Peter-Röcher, Heidi
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: Kulthöhlen. Funde — Deutungen — Fakten Ausstellung der Naturhistorischen Gesellschaft Nürnberg e.V., Abteilung für Vorgeschichte, Dezember 1996 - August 1997. Herausgegeben von Christine Bockisch-Bräuer und John P. Zeitler. Naturhistorische Gesellschaft Nürnberg e.V., Abteilung für Vorgeschichte (Nürnberg 1996). 117 Seiten mit zahlreichen Abbildungen
description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 31 (1999)
A Cost-Effectiveness Study of Animal Disease Eradication Strategies: Foot-and-Mouth Disease in Ireland
Creators: name: Dillon, Emma J.
name: Dillon, Emma J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Foot-and-Mouth disease
subject: control strategies
subject: transboundary animal diseases
subject: emergency vaccination
subject: computer simulation
subject: cost-effectiveness

description: The primary focus of this poster paper is to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of alternative control strategies for a number of simulated outbreaks of Foot-and-Mouth disease (FMD) in four agriculturally diverse Irish regions, examining for the first time, the potential role of emergency vaccination in the country. With the increasing threat of transboundary animal diseases due to globalisation, wider market integration and increased animal movement it is important that such an evaluation of control and eradication strategies be undertaken and contingency plans be put in place. The new EU Directive (2003/85/EC) on FMD control permits the use of emergency vaccination as part of an FMD control strategy. The slaughter of infected animals and "dangerous contacts" (susceptible animals on epidemiologically linked holdings) remains the principal tool for tackling an outbreak, but the potential use of vaccination as an adjunct to the basic culling policy is now being considered. Using an integrated approach, combining an epidemiological model and an economic model, alternative control strategies are compared here during hypothetical outbreaks using a computer-simulation model and their cost-effectiveness assessed. The study provides outputs in terms of a range of epidemiological, economic and resource requirement measures under a wide range of different scenarios for each of the alternative control strategies.
Creating Ioffe-Pritchard micro-traps from permanent magnetic film with in-plane magnetization
Creators: name: Barb, I.
name: Gerritsma, R.
name: Xing, Y. T.
name: Goedkoop, J. B.
name: Spreeuw, R. J. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present designs for Ioffe-Pritchard type magnetic traps using planar patterns of hard magnetic material. Two samples with different pattern designs were produced by spark erosion of 40 $μ$m thick FePt foil. The pattern on the first sample yields calculated axial and radial trap frequencies of 51 Hz and 6.8 kHz, respectively. For the second sample the calculated frequencies are 34 Hz and 11 kHz. The structures were used successfully as a magneto-optical trap for $^{87}$Rb and loaded as a magnetic trap. A third design, based on lithographically patterned 250 nm thick FePt film on a Si substrate, yields an array of 19 traps with calculated axial and radial trap frequencies of 1.5 kHz and 110 kHz, respectively.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures Revised and accepted for EPJD, improved pictures
South Atlantic continental margins of Africa: a comparison of the tectonic vs climate interplay on the evolution of equatorial west Africa and SW Africa margins
Creators: name: Seranne, Michel
name: Anka, Zahie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The comparative review of 2 representative segments of Africa continental margin: the equatorial western Africa and the SW Africa margins, helps in analysing the main controlling factors on their development. Early Cretaceous active rifting S of the Walvis Ridge resulted in the formation of the SW Africa volcanic margin. The non-volcanic rifting N of the Walvis ridge, led to the formation of the equatorial western Africa margin, with thick and extensive, synrift basins. Regressive erosion of SW Africa prominent shoulder uplift accounts for high clastic sedimentation rate in Late Cretaceous - Eocene, while dominant carbonate production on equatorial western Africa shelf suggests little erosion of a low hinterland. The early Oligocene climate change had contrasted response in both margins. Emplacement of the Congo deep-sea fan reflects increased erosion in equatorial Africa, under the influence of wet climate, whereas establishment of an arid climate over SW Africa induced a drastic decrease of denudation, and thus reduced sedimentation on the margin. Neogene emplacement of the African superswell beneath S. Africa renewed onshore uplift on both margins, but it accelerated erosion only in the Congo catchment, due to wetter climate. Neogene high sedimentation rate reactivated gravitational tectonics that had remained quiescent since late Cretaceous.
Economies of Scale and Endogenous Market Structures in International Grain Trade
Creators: name: Scoppola, Margherita
name: Scoppola, Margherita
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: A large body of literature has examined international grain trade in imperfectly competitive models. The model developed in this paper differs from previous ones, since it specifically considers the export strategies used by multinational firms, which maintain a direct control over all importing/exporting functions; this strategy requires high fixed cost but allows firms to avoid the transactions costs arising from negotiating with downstream operators. The model considers a multinational firm and a state trading enterprises competing on a foreign market in a two-stage duopoly framework; while the Ste is assumed to export only indirectly, the multinational firm chooses between indirect and direct exports, according to the relative values of transaction and fixed costs. The results of the game are examined by using numerical examples. The examples show that external shocks on export markets affecting the relative values of transaction and fixed costs of the international grain trading, may result in a change of market structures and, consequently, of market shares. These effects depend on the initial market structure. The assumption that there is a gap between firms' domestic costs does not significantly change the outcome of the game. The effect of a worsening of the Ste's competitive position, in relation to that of the multinational, depends again on the starting market structure. On the whole, the analytical framework developed herein has a number of interesting policy implications for the ongoing WTO negotiations in the DDA round about the possible effects of regulating Ste.
Growth and surface alloying of Fe on Pt(997)
Creators: name: Lee, Tae-Yon
name: Sarbach, Samuel
name: Kuhnke, Klaus
name: Kern, Klaus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The growth of ultra-thin layers of Fe on the vicinal Pt(997) surface is studied by thermal energy He atom scattering (TEAS) and Auger electron spectroscopy (AES) in the temperature range between 175K and 800K. We find three distinct regimes of qualitatively different growth type: Below 450K the formation of a smooth first monolayer, at and above 600K the onset of bulk alloy formation, and at intermediate temperature 500K - 550K the formation of a surface alloy. Monatomic Fe rows are observed to decorate the substrate steps between 175K and 500K. The importance of the high step density is discussed with respect to the promotion of smooth layer growth and with respect to the alloying process and its kinetics.
M.M. Rind (Hrsg.), Von Keltenkriegern und Kirchenmäusen. Archäologie im Landkreis Kelheim 1994-1996
Creators: name: Innerhofer, Florian
Publisher: name: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica
Year: 2024

description: Rezension zu: M.M. Rind (Hrsg.), Von Keltenkriegern und Kirchenmäusen. Archäologie im Landkreis Kelheim 1994-1996 Archäologie im Landkreis Kelheim Bd. 2. Universitätsverlag Regensburg 1997. 224 Seiten, zahlr. Abbildungen
description: Acta Praehistorica et Archaeologica, Bd. 31 (1999)