cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Maintaining large weight losses: The role of behavioral and psychological factors.
Creators: name: Phelan, Suzanne
name: Papandonatos, George
name: Tate, Deborah F.
name: Wing, Rena R.
name: McCaffery, Jeanne
name: Gorin, Amy A.
name: Fava, Joseph L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: Few studies have examined predictors of weight regain after significant weight losses. This prospective study examined behavioral and psychological predictors of weight regain in 261 individuals who had lost an average of 18.2 ± 7.4 % of their initial body weight and completed an 18-month randomized, controlled trial of weight regain prevention comparing a newsletter control condition with self-regulation interventions delivered either face-to-face or via the Internet. Linear mixed effect models were used to examine behavioral and psychological predictors of weight regain, both as main effects and as interactions with treatment group. These analyses showed that decreases in physical activity were related to weight regain across all three groups, and that increased frequency of self-weighing was equally protective in the two intervention groups, but not in the control. Changes in psychological parameters, including increases in depressive symptoms, disinhibition, and hunger, were also related to weight regain in all groups. Although the impact of changes in restraint was greatest in the Internet group and weakest in face-to-face, the face-to-face group was the only group with increases (rather than decreases) in restraint over time, and consequent decreases in their magnitude of weight regain. Future programs for weight loss maintenance should focus on maintaining physical activity and frequent self-weighing, and include stronger components to modify psychological parameters.
A metal-rich elongated structure in the core of the group NGC4325
Creators: name: Laganá, T. F
name: Lovisari, L.
name: Martins, L.
name: Lanfranchi, G. A.
name: Capelato, H. V.
name: Schellenberger, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used X-ray 2D spectrally resolved maps to resolve structure in temperature and metal abundance. To perform stellar population analysis we applied the spectral fitting technique with STARLIGHT to the optical spectrum of the central galaxy. We simulated the chemical evolution of the central galaxy. While the temperature, pseudo-pressure, and pseudo-entropy maps showed no inhomogeneities, the iron spatial distribution shows a filamentary structure in the core of this group, which is spatially correlated with the central galaxy, suggesting a connection between the two. The analysis of the optical spectrum of the central galaxy showed no contribution by any recent AGN activity. Using the star formation history as input to chemical evolution models, we predicted the iron and oxygen mass released by supernovae (SNe) winds in the central galaxy up to the present time. Comparing the predicted amount of mass released by the NGC4325 galaxy to the ones derived through X-ray analysis we conclude that the winds from the central galaxy alone play a minor role in the IGM metal enrichment of this group inside r2500. The SNe winds are responsible for no more than 3% of it and of the iron mass and 21% of the oxygen mass enclosed within r2500. Our results suggest that oxygen has been produced in the early stages of the group formation, becoming well mixed and leading to an almost flat profile. Instead, the iron distribution is centrally peaked, indicating that this element is still being added to the IGM specifically in the core by the SNIa. A possible scenario to explain the elongated iron-rich structure in the core of the NGC4325 is a past AGN activity, in which our results suggest an episode older than ~10^7-10^8 yrs and younger than 5x10^8.
description: accepted for publication in A&A, 15 pages, 11 figures
KPZ formula derived from Liouville heat kernel
Creators: name: Berestycki, Nathanaël
name: Garban, Christophe
name: Rhodes, Rémi
name: Vargas, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60J70, 35K08, 81T40, 60J55, 60J60

description: In this paper, we establish the Knizhnik--Polyakov--Zamolodchikov (KPZ) formula of Liouville quantum gravity, using the heat kernel of Liouville Brownian motion. This derivation of the KPZ formula was first suggested by F. David and M. Bauer in order to get a geometrically more intrinsic way of measuring the dimension of sets in Liouville quantum gravity. We also provide a careful study of the (no)-doubling behaviour of the Liouville measures in the appendix, which is of independent interest.
description: 22 pages
Validation and atmospheric exploration of the sub-Neptune TOI-2136b around a nearby M3 dwarf
Creators: name: Kawauchi, K.
name: Murgas, F.
name: Palle, E.
name: Narita, N.
name: Fukui, A.
name: Hirano, T.
name: Parviainen, H.
name: Ishikawa, H. T.
name: Watanabe, N.
name: Esparaza-Borges, E.
name: Kuzuhara, M.
name: Orell-Miquel, J.
name: Krishnamurthy, V.
name: Mori, M.
name: Kagetani, T.
name: Zou, Y.
name: Isogai, K.
name: Livingston, J. H.
name: Howell, S. B.
name: Crouzet, N.
name: de Leon, J. P.
name: Kimura, T.
name: Kodama, T.
name: Korth, J.
name: Kurita, S.
name: Laza-Ramos, A.
name: Luque, R.
name: Madrigal-Aguado, A.
name: Miyakawa, K.
name: Morello, G.
name: Nishiumi, T.
name: Rodríguez, G. E. F.
name: Sánchez-Benavente, M.
name: Stangret, M.
name: Teng, H.
name: Terada, Y.
name: Gnilka, C. L.
name: Guerrero, N.
name: Harakawa, H.
name: Hodapp, K.
name: Hori, Y.
name: Ikoma, M.
name: Jacobson, S.
name: Konishi, M.
name: Kotani, T.
name: Kudo, T.
name: Kurokowa, T.
name: Kusakabe, N.
name: Nishikawa, J.
name: Omiya, M.
name: Serizawa, T.
name: Tamura, M.
name: Ueda, A.
name: Vievard, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NASA space telescope $TESS$ is currently in the extended mission of its all-sky search for new transiting planets. Of the thousands of candidates that TESS is expected to deliver, transiting planets orbiting nearby M dwarfs are particularly interesting targets since they provide a great opportunity to characterize their atmospheres by transmission spectroscopy. We aim to validate and characterize the new sub-Neptune-sized planet candidate TOI-2136.01 orbiting a nearby M dwarf ($d = 33.36 \pm 0.02$ pc, $T_{eff} = 3373 \pm 108$ K) with an orbital period of 7.852 days. We use TESS data, ground-based multicolor photometry, and radial velocity measurements with the InfraRed Doppler (IRD) instrument on the Subaru Telescope to validate the planetary nature of TOI-2136.01 and estimate the stellar and planetary parameters. We also conduct high-resolution transmission spectroscopy to search for helium in its atmosphere. We confirmed that TOI-2136.01 (now named as TOI-2136b) is a bona fide planet with a planetary radius of $R_p = 2.2 \pm 0.07$ $R_{Earth}$ and a mass of $M_p = 4.7^{+3.1}_{-2.6}$ $M_{Earth}$. We also search for helium 10830 Å absorption lines and place an upper limit on the equivalent width of $<$ 7.8 mÅ and on the absorption signal of $<$ 1.44 % with 95 % confidence. TOI-2136b is a sub-Neptune transiting a nearby and bright star (J=10.8) and is a potentially hycean planet, which is a new class of habitable planets with large oceans under a H$_2$-rich atmosphere, making it an excellent target for atmospheric studies to understand the formation, evolution, and habitability of the small planets.
description: 19 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Prevalence estimation and validation of new instruments in psychiatric research: An application of latent class analysis and sensitivity analysis.
Creators: name: Gaynes, Bradley N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Prevalence and validation studies rely on imperfect reference standard (RS) diagnostic instruments which can bias prevalence and test characteristic estimates. We illustrate two methods to account for RS misclassification. Latent class analysis (LCA) combines information from multiple imperfect measures of an unmeasurable “latent” condition to estimate sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of each measure. Simple algebraic sensitivity analysis (SA) uses researcher-specified RS misclassification rates to correct prevalence and test characteristic estimates, and can succinctly summarize a range of scenarios with Monte Carlo simulation. We applied LCA to a validation study of a new substance use disorder (SUD) screener and a larger prevalence study. A traditional validation study analysis that assumed an error-free RS (SCID) estimated the screener had 86% Se/75% Sp. Validation study estimates from LCA were 91% Se/81% Sp (screener) and 73% Se/98% Sp (SCID). SA in the prevalence study suggested the prevalence of SUD was underestimated by 22% by assuming the SCID to be error-free. LCA and SA can assist investigators in relaxing the unrealistic assumption of perfect RSs in reporting prevalence and validation study results.
Long-term Optical Observations of the Be/X-ray Binary X Per
Creators: name: Li, Hui
name: Yan, Jingzhi
name: Zhou, Jianeng
name: Liu, Qingzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the optical spectroscopic observations of X Per from 1999 to 2013 with the 2.16m telescope at Xinglong Station and the 2.4m telescope at Lijiang station, National Astronomical Observatories of China. Combining with the public optical photometric data, we find certain epochs of anti-correlations between the optical brightness and the intensity of the Hα and HeI 6678 lines, which may be attributed to the mass ejections from the Be star. Alternative explanations are however also possible. The variability of FeII 6317 line in the spectra of X Per might be also caused by the shocked waves formed after the mass ejections from the Be star. The X-ray activities of the system might also be connected with the mass ejection events from the Be star. When the ejected materials were transported from the surface of the Be star to the orbit of neutron star, an X-ray flare could be observed in its X-ray light curves. We use the neutron star as a probe to constrain the motion of the ejected material in the circumstellar disk. With the diffusion time of the ejected material from the surface of Be star to the orbit of neutron star, the viscosity parameter α of the circumstellar disk is estimated to be 0.39 and 0.28 for the different time, indicating that the disk around Be star may be truncated by the neutron star at the 2:1 resonance radius and Type I X-ray outburst is unlikely to be observed in X Per.
description: 24 pages, 5 figure, 1 table
Randomized controlled trial of a family cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention for children of depressed parents.
Creators: name: Sterba, Sonya K.
name: Roberts, Lori
name: Garai, Emily
name: Reeslund, Kristen L.
name: Fear, Jessica M.
name: Compas, Bruce E.
name: Forehand, Rex
name: Roland, Erin
name: Potts, Jennifer
name: Champion, Jennifer E.
name: Cole, David A.
name: Merchant, Mary Jane
name: Hardcastle, Emily
name: Keller, Gary
name: McKee, Laura
name: Rakow, Aaron
name: Coffelt, Nicole
name: Colletti, Christina J. M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: A family cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention for parents with a history of depression and their 9–15-year-old children was compared with a self-study written information condition in a randomized clinical trial (n = 111 families). Outcomes were assessed at postintervention (2 months), after completion of 4 monthly booster sessions (6 months), and at 12-month follow-up. Children were assessed by child reports on depressive symptoms, internalizing problems, and externalizing problems; by parent reports on internalizing and externalizing problems; and by child and parent reports on a standardized diagnostic interview. Parent depressive symptoms and parent episodes of major depression also were assessed. Evidence emerged for significant differences favoring the family group intervention on both child and parent outcomes; strongest effects for child outcomes were found at the 12-month assessment with medium effect sizes on most measures. Implications for the prevention of adverse outcomes in children of depressed parents are highlighted.
Achieving non-linear models for δ Scuti stars
Creators: name: Rodríguez Sánchez, Miriam
name: Lares Martiz, Mariel
name: Moya, Andrés
name: Pascual Granado, Javier
name: Mirouh, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Complete codes describing the oscillations inside a star have always been difficult to attain due to the complex physics related to oscillations, especially for δ Scuti stars, which are known for their rich power spectra. Non-linear models are scarce, far from being complete and have focused on Cepheids and RR Lyrae. In this presentation, we describe the current progress in the development of a complete non-linear code for solving the equations describing the oscillations. The non-linearized equations have been derived from the fundamental equations of hydrodynamics by expanding them up to second order in perturbations in terms of the displacement vector. The scheme presented in Unno et al. (1979) and Aerts et al. (2010) was followed assuming no rotation, no magnetic fields, no viscosity, no adiabaticity and no turbulent convection. Some challenging cross-terms appeared, which prevented us from solving the equations numerically in the classical way of separating the equations into two independent (radial and horizontal) parts. To address this, we adopted the following strategy: solve the classical set of linear adiabatic equations; evaluate the non-linear terms; analyze the results to distinguish those that were essential and which were not; and, finally, the equations were solved with the most significant terms. In summary, this is a remarkable approach to the long sought-after non-linear models that will allow to further investigate the complicated physics of pulsations.
On-sky vibration environment for the Gemini Planet Imager and mitigation effort
Creators: name: Hartung, Markus
name: Hayward, Tom
name: Saddlemyer, Les
name: Poyneer, Lisa
name: Cardwell, Andrew
name: Cavedoni, Chas
name: Cho, Myung
name: Chilcote, Jeffrey K.
name: Collins, Paul
name: Dillon, Darren
name: Galvez, Ramon
name: Gausachs, Gaston
name: Goodsell, Stephen
name: Guesalaga, Andres
name: Hibon, Pascal
name: Larkin, James
name: Macintosh, Bruce
name: Palmer, Dave
name: Sadakuni, Naru
name: Savransky, Dmitry
name: Serio, Andrew
name: Rantakyro, Fredrik
name: Wallace, Kent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) entered on-sky commissioning and had its first-light at the Gemini South (GS) telescope in November 2013. GPI is an extreme adaptive optics (XAO), high-contrast imager and integral-field spectrograph dedicated to the direct detection of hot exo-planets down to a Jupiter mass. The performance of the apodized pupil Lyot coronagraph depends critically upon the residual wavefront error (design goal of 60 nm RMS with 5 mas RMS tip/tilt), and therefore is most sensitive to vibration (internal or external) of Gemini's instrument suite. Excess vibration can be mitigated by a variety of methods such as passive or active dampening at the instrument or telescope structure or Kalman filtering of specific frequencies with the AO control loop. Understanding the sources, magnitudes and impact of vibration is key to mitigation. This paper gives an overview of related investigations based on instrument data (GPI AO module) as well as external data from accelerometer sensors placed at different locations on the GS telescope structure. We report the status of related mitigation efforts, and present corresponding results.
description: 12 pages,8 figures, Proc. SPIE 9148 (2014)
The Effect of FM Inter-ladder coupling in spin-1/2 AFM two-Leg Ladders in the presence of a magnetic field: Quantum Monte Carlo Study
Creators: name: Jahangiri, J.
name: Hadipour, H.
name: Mahdavifar, S.
name: Farjami, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effect of inter-ladder ferromagnetic (FM) coupling in spin-1/2 two-leg ladders with antiferromagnetic (AFM) legs and rungs interactions using the stochastic series expansion quantum Monte Carlo. We have compared the results with the experimental measurement on Sr$_{14-x}$Ca$_{x}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$ cuprate which is the candidate for spin-1/2 AFM two-leg ladders with FM inter-ladder interaction. A remarkable asymptotic behavior of susceptibility is observed at very low temperature. In the absence of the magnetic field, thermodynamic behavior of an individual spin-1/2 two-leg ladder is similar to coupled one up to $-0.5J_{leg}$ interaction. But, the gaped phase is not clear in the $J_{in}=-0.2 J_{leg}$ of FM coupled two-leg ladder even at low magnetic fields, which shows that the inter-ladder FM interaction can induce a new quantum ordered gapless phase at zero temperature.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures, Submitted
The XMM Cluster Survey analysis of the SDSS DR8 redMaPPer Catalogue: Implications for scatter, selection bias, and isotropy in cluster scaling relations
Creators: name: Giles, P. A.
name: Romer, A. K.
name: Wilkinson, R.
name: Bermeo, A.
name: Turner, D. J.
name: Hilton, M.
name: Upsdell, E. W.
name: Rooney, P. J.
name: Bhargava, S.
name: Ebrahimpour, L.
name: Farahi, A.
name: Mann, R. G.
name: Manolopoulou, M.
name: Mayers, J.
name: Vergara, C.
name: Viana, P. T. P.
name: Collins, C. A.
name: Hollowood, D.
name: Jeltema, T.
name: Miller, C. J.
name: Nichol, R. C.
name: Noorali, R.
name: Splettstoesser, M.
name: Stott, J. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we present the X-ray analysis of SDSS DR8 redMaPPer (SDSSRM) clusters using data products from the $XMM$ Cluster Survey (XCS). In total, 1189 SDSSRM clusters fall within the $XMM$-Newton footprint. This has yielded 456 confirmed detections accompanied by X-ray luminosity ($L_{X}$) measurements. Of the detected clusters, 382 have an associated X-ray temperature measurement ($T_{X}$). This represents one of the largest samples of coherently derived cluster $T_{X}$ values to date. Our analysis of the X-ray observable to richness ($λ$) scaling relations has demonstrated that scatter in the $T_{X}-λ$ relation is roughly a third of that in the $L_{X}-λ$ relation, and that the $L_{X}-λ$ scatter is intrinsic, i.e. will not be significantly reduced with larger sample sizes. Our analysis of the scaling relation between $L_{X}$ and $T_{X}$ has shown that the fits are sensitive to the selection method of the sample, i.e. whether the sample is made up of clusters detected "serendipitously" compared to those deliberately targeted by $XMM$. These differences are also seen in the $L_{X}-λ$ relation and, to a lesser extent, in the $T_{X}-λ$ relation. Exclusion of the emission from the cluster core does not make a significant impact to the findings. A combination of selection biases is a likely, but as yet unproven, reason for these differences. Finally, we have also used our data to probe recent claims of anisotropy in the $L_{X}-T_{X}$ relation across the sky. We find no evidence of anistropy, but stress that this may be masked in our analysis by the incomplete declination coverage of the SDSS DR8 sample.
description: 23 pages, 20 figures, Accepted for publication to MNRAS
Structure and Measurement of Depression in Youth: Applying Item Response Theory to Clinical Data
Creators: name: Forehand, Rex
name: Cole, David A.
name: Martin, Nina C.
name: Curry, John F.
name: Hyde, Janet S.
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Rohde, Paul
name: Essex, Marilyn J.
name: Stark, Kevin D.
name: Slattery, Marcia J.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Compas, Bruce E.
name: Cai, Li
name: Goodyer, Ian M.
name: Garber, Judy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Goals of the paper were to use item response theory (IRT) to assess the relation of depressive symptoms to the underlying dimension of depression and to demonstrate how IRT-based measurement strategies can yield more reliable data about depression severity than conventional symptom counts. Participants were 3403 clinic and nonclinic children and adolescents from 12 contributing samples, all of whom received the Kiddie Schedule of Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for school-aged children. Results revealed that some symptoms reflected higher levels of depression and were more discriminating than others. Results further demonstrated that utilization of IRT-based information about symptom severity and discriminability in the measurement of depression severity can reduce measurement error and increase measurement fidelity.
Attendance and substance use outcomes for the Seeking Safety program: Sometimes less is more.
Creators: name: Ruglass, Lesia
name: Morgan-Lopez, Antonio A.
name: Hien, Denise A.
name: Nunes, Edward V.
name: Cohen, Lisa
name: Saavedra, Lissette M.
name: Campbell, Aimee N. C.
name: Wu, Elwin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: This study uses data from the largest effectiveness trial to date on treatment of co-occurring posttraumatic stress and substance use disorders, using advances in statistical methodology for modeling treatment attendance and membership turnover in rolling groups.
Die Öffnungen des "Rechtskodex der Ostkirchen" in Richtung Ökumene
Creators: name: Kaptijn, Astrid
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 3
Criminal justice involvement, trauma, and negative affect in Iraq and Afghanistan war era veterans.
Creators: name: Beckham, Jean C.
name: Newton, Virginia M.
name: Johnson, Sally C.
name: Elbogen, Eric B.
name: Vasterling, Jennifer J.
name: Wagner, H. Ryan
name: Straits-Troster, Kristy
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Although criminal behavior in veterans has been cited as a growing problem, little is known about why some veterans are at increased risk for arrest. Theories of criminal behavior postulate that people who have been exposed to stressful environments or traumatic events and who report negative affect such as anger and irritability are at increased risk of antisocial conduct. We thus hypothesized that veterans with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or traumatic brain injury (TBI) who report anger/irritability would show higher rates of criminal arrests. To test this, we examined data in a national survey of N=1388 Iraq and Afghanistan War Era Veterans. We found that 9% of respondents reported arrests since returning home from military service. Most arrests were associated with nonviolent criminal behavior resulting in incarceration for less than two weeks. Unadjusted bivariate analyses revealed that veterans with probable PTSD or TBI who reported anger/irritability were most likely to be arrested. In multivariate analyses, arrests were found to be significantly related to younger age, male gender, having witnessed family violence, prior history of arrest, alcohol/drug misuse, and PTSD with high anger/irritability but were not significantly related to combat exposure or TBI. Findings show that a subset of veterans with PTSD and negative affect may be at increased risk of criminal arrest. Since arrests are more strongly linked to substance abuse and criminal history, clinicians should also consider non-PTSD factors when evaluating and treating veterans with criminal justice involvement.
Für eine ökumenische Auslegung de Codex Iuris Canonici der lateinischen katholischen Kirche
Creators: name: Borras, Alphonse
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 3
Near-Optimal Virtual Machine Packing Based on Resource Requirement of Service Demands Using Pattern Clustering
Creators: name: Siahmargooei, Yaghoob
name: Akbari, Mohammad Kazem
name: Golpayegani, Seyyed Alireza Hashemi
name: Sharifian, Saeed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Upon the expansion of Cloud Computing and the positive outlook of organizations with regard to the movements towards using cloud computing and their expanding utilization of such valuable processing method, as well as the solutions provided by the cloud infrastructure providers with regard to the reduction of the costs of processing resources, the problem of organizing resources in a cloud environment gained a high importance. One of the major preoccupations of the minds of cloud infrastructure clients is their lack of knowledge on the quantity of their required processing resources in different periods of time. The managers and technicians are trying to make the most use of scalability and the flexibility of the resources in cloud computing. The main challenge is with calculating the amount of the required processing resources per moment with regard to the quantity of incoming requests of the service. Through deduction of the accurate amount of these items, one can have an accurate estimation of the requests per moment. This paper aims at introducing a model for automatic scaling of the cloud resources that would reduce the cost of renting the resources for the clients of cloud infrastructure. Thus, first we start with a thorough explanation of the proposal and the major components of the model. Then through calculating the incomings of the model through clustering and introducing the way that each of these components work in different phases,...
Formation and Morphology of the First Galaxies in the Cosmic Morning
Creators: name: Park, Changbom
name: Lee, Jaehyun
name: Kim, Juhan
name: Jeong, Donghui
name: Pichon, Christophe
name: Gibson, Brad K.
name: Snaith, Owain N.
name: Shin, Jihye
name: Kim, Yonghwi
name: Dubois, Yohan
name: Few, C. Gareth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the formation and morphological evolution of the first galaxies in the cosmic morning ($10 \gtrsim z \gtrsim 4$) using the Horizon Run 5 (HR5) simulation. For galaxies above the stellar mass $M_{\star, {\rm min}} = 2\times 10^9\,M_{\odot}$, we classify them into disk, spheroid, and irregular types according to their asymmetry and stellar mass morphology. We find that about 2/3 of the galaxies have a Sérsic index $< 1.5$, reflecting the dominance of disk-type morphology in the cosmic morning. The rest are evenly distributed as incidental and transient irregulars or spheroids. These fractions are roughly independent of redshift and stellar mass up to $\sim10^{10}\,M_{\odot}$. Almost all the first galaxies with $M_{\star}> M_{\star, {\rm min}}$ at $z>4$ form at initial peaks of the matter density field. Large-scale structures in the universe emerge and grow like cosmic rhizomes as the underlying matter density fluctuations grow and form associations of galaxies in rare overdense regions and the realm of the galactic world is stretched into relatively lower-density regions along evolving filaments. The cosmic web of galaxies forms at lower redshifts when most rhizomes globally percolate. The primordial angular momentum produced by the induced tidal torques on protogalactic regions is correlated with the internal kinematics of galaxies and tightly aligned with the angular momentum of the total galaxy mass. The large-scale tidal field imprinted in the initial conditions seems responsible for the dominance of disk morphology, and for the tendency of galaxies to re-acquire a disk post-distortion.
description: 26 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Generalizability of evidence-based assessment recommendations for pediatric bipolar disorder.
Creators: name: Feeny, Norah C.
name: Jenkins, Melissa M.
name: Findling, Robert L.
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Bipolar disorder is frequently clinically diagnosed in youths who do not actually satisfy DSM-IV criteria, yet cases that would satisfy full DSM-IV criteria are often undetected clinically. Evidence-based assessment methods that incorporate Bayesian reasoning have demonstrated improved diagnostic accuracy, and consistency; however, their clinical utility is largely unexplored. The present study examines the effectiveness of promising evidence-based decision-making compared to the clinical gold standard. Participants were 562 youth, ages 5-17 and predominantly African American, drawn from a community mental health clinic. Research diagnoses combined semi-structured interview with youths’ psychiatric, developmental, and family mental health histories. Independent Bayesian estimates relied on published risk estimates from other samples discriminated bipolar diagnoses, Area Under Curve=.75, prs =.30. Agreement about an evidence-based assessment intervention “threshold model” (wait/assess/treat) had K=.24, pr=.81, p
The role of correlated hopping in many-body physics of flat-band systems: Nagaoka ferromagnetism
Creators: name: Westerhout, Tom
name: Katsnelson, Mikhail I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In narrow-band systems, correlated contribution to effective hopping becomes important, and one needs to carefully consider three types of hopping processes: between doubly and singly occupied sites, between singly occupied and empty sites, and between doubly occupied and empty or two singly occupied sites. All three hopping parameters cannot vanish simultaneously, and one should specify for which of these processes the band becomes flat. By means of exact diagonalization of finite systems we demonstrate that three hoppings play qualitatively different roles in many-body effects, in particular, in the formation of half-metallic ferromagnetic (Nagaoka) states.
description: v3: minor corrections after acceptance for publication; v2: fix definitions of hoppings, update figures, add connection to real materials; v1: 5 pages, 1 figure in the main text, 1 figure in the supplemental information
Cold gas in group-dominant elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: O'Sullivan, E.
name: Combes, F.
name: Hamer, S.
name: Salomé, P.
name: Babul, A.
name: Raychaudhury, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present IRAM 30m telescope observations of the CO(1-0) and (2-1) lines in a sample of 11 group-dominant elliptical galaxies selected from the CLoGS nearby groups sample. Our observations confirm the presence of molecular gas in 4 of the 11 galaxies at >4 sigma significance, and combining these with data from the literature we find a detection rate of 43+-14%, comparable to the detection rate for nearby radio galaxies, suggesting that group-dominant ellipticals may be more likely to contain molecular gas than their non-central counterparts. Those group-dominant galaxies which are detected typically contain ~2x10^8 Msol of molecular gas, and although most have low star formation rates (<1 Msol/yr) they have short depletion times, indicating that the gas must be replenished on timescales ~100 Myr. Almost all of the galaxies contain active nuclei, and we note while the data suggest that CO may be more common in the most radio-loud galaxies, the mass of molecular gas required to power the active nuclei through accretion is small compared to the masses observed. We consider possible origin mechanisms for the gas, through cooling of stellar ejecta within the galaxies, group-scale cooling flows, and gas-rich mergers, and find probable examples of each type within our sample, confirming that a variety of processes act to drive the build up of molecular gas in group-dominant ellipticals.
description: 9 pages, 5 postscript figures, 4 tables, accepted by A&A. Revised throughout in response to referee's comments, including updates to Table 1 and Figure 4, and addition of Figure 5
Nonsuicidal self-injury as a time-invariant predictor of adolescent suicide ideation and attempts in a diverse community sample.
Creators: name: Guan, Karen
name: Fox, Kathryn R.
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Longitudinal data on adolescent self-injury are rare. Little is known regarding the associations between various forms of self-injurious thoughts and behaviors over time, particularly within community samples that are most relevant for prevention efforts. This study examined NSSI as a time-invariant, prospective predictor of adolescent suicide ideation, threats or gestures, and attempts over a 2.5 year interval.
A primality criterion based on a Lucas' congruence
Creators: name: Mestrovic, Romeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11A51, 11A07, 05A10, 11B65

description: Let $p$ be a prime. In 1878 É. Lucas proved that the congruence $$ {p-1\choose k}\equiv (-1)^k\pmod{p}$$ holds for any nonnegative integer $k\in\{0,1,\ldots,p-1\}$. The converse statement was given in Problem 1494 of {\it Mathematics Magazine} proposed in 1997 by E. Deutsch and I.M. Gessel. In this note we generalize this converse assertion by the following result: If $n>1$ and $q>1$ are integers such that $$ {n-1\choose k}\equiv (-1)^k \pmod{q}$$ for every integer $k\in\{0,1,\ldots, n-1\}$, then $q$ is a prime and $n$ is a power of $q$.
description: 6 pages
Microplastic content of over-the-counter toothpastes – A systematic review
Creators: name: Chengappa, Kavery
name: Rao, Ashwini
name: KS, Aparna
name: jodalli, praveen
name: Shenoy, Ramya
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other biological sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Contains Protocol, PRISMA flowchart and PRISMA checklist
Image reconstruction algorithms in radio interferometry: from handcrafted to learned regularization denoisers
Creators: name: Terris, Matthieu
name: Dabbech, Arwa
name: Tang, Chao
name: Wiaux, Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce a new class of iterative image reconstruction algorithms for radio interferometry, at the interface of convex optimization and deep learning, inspired by plug-and-play methods. The approach consists in learning a prior image model by training a deep neural network (DNN) as a denoiser, and substituting it for the handcrafted proximal regularization operator of an optimization algorithm. The proposed AIRI (``AI for Regularization in radio-interferometric Imaging'') framework, for imaging complex intensity structure with diffuse and faint emission from visibility data, inherits the robustness and interpretability of optimization, and the learning power and speed of networks. Our approach relies on three steps. Firstly, we design a low dynamic range training database from optical intensity images. Secondly, we train a DNN denoiser at a noise level inferred from the signal-to-noise ratio of the data. We use training losses enhanced with a nonexpansiveness term ensuring algorithm convergence, and including on-the-fly database dynamic range enhancement via exponentiation. Thirdly, we plug the learned denoiser into the forward-backward optimization algorithm, resulting in a simple iterative structure alternating a denoising step with a gradient-descent data-fidelity step. We have validated AIRI against CLEAN, optimization algorithms of the SARA family, and a DNN trained to reconstruct the image directly from visibility data. Simulation results show that AIRI is competitive in imaging quality with SARA and its unconstrained forward-backward-based version uSARA, while providing significant acceleration. CLEAN remains faster but offers lower quality. The end-to-end DNN offers further acceleration, but with far lower quality than AIRI.
description: To match revision for MNRAS publication. The new version includes the development of, and benchmarking with, a pure end-to-end DNN approach
Modelling vaporous cavitation on fluid transients
Creators: name: Shu, Jian-Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive study of the problem of modelling vaporous cavitation in transmission lines is presented. The two-phase homogeneous equilibrium vaporous cavitation model which has been developed is compared with the conventional column separation model. The latter predicts unrealistically high pressure spikes because of a conflict arising from the prediction of negative cavity sizes if the pressure is not permitted to fall below the vapour pressure, or the prediction of negative absolute pressures if the cavity size remains positive. This is verified by a comparison of predictions with previously published experimental results on upstream, midstream and downstream cavitation. The new model has been extended to include frequency-dependent friction. The characteristics predicted by the frequency-dependent friction model show close correspondence with experimental data.
Black Hole Shadow with Soft Hair
Creators: name: Lin, Feng-Li
name: Patel, Avani
name: Pu, Hung-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Light bending by the strong gravity around the black hole will form the so-called black hole shadow, the shape of which can shed light on the structure of the near-horizon geometry to possibly reveal novel physics of strong gravity and black hole. In this work, we adopt both analytical and ray-tracing methods to study the black hole shadow in the presence of the infrared structure of gravity theory, which manifests the asymptotic symmetries of spacetime as the supertranslation soft hairs of the black hole. Though the black hole metrics with and without the soft hair are related by large gauge transformations, the near horizon geometries relevant for the shape of the shadow are quite different. Moreover, the Hamiltonian for the geodesic seems intrinsically different, i.e., the loss of separability due to the breaking of spherical symmetry by soft hair. By applying ray-tracing computations, we find that the soft hair, although not affecting the shape of the shadow, may change the average size and position of the shadow. Images resulting from soft hair black holes with surrounding accretion flows are also discussed.
description: 28 pages, 11 figures, including analytical calculation of shadow without any change in final conclusion, matches with the version accepted by JHEP
Low vision devices for age-related macular degeneration: a systematic review
Creators: name: Macnamara, Anne
name: Chen, Celia S.
name: Davies, Andrew
name: Sloan, Charlotte
name: Loetscher, Tobias
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy

description: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a degenerative condition impacting central vision. Evaluating the effectiveness of low vision devices provides empirical evidence on how devices can rehabilitate and overcome deficits caused by AMD. This evidence could help to facilitate discussion on necessary future improvements to vision enhancement technology. A systematic review of the literature was conducted on low vision device use in AMD populations. Relevant peer-reviewed research articles from six databases were screened. The findings of thirty-five studies revealed a significant positive impact of low vision devices leading to improvements in visual acuity, reading performance, facial recognition, and more. While the studies were found to have moderate risks of bias, a GRADE assessment of the evidence suggested the certainty of the evidence was low-moderate. Simple hand-held low vision devices (e.g., magnifiers) appear to currently have greater preferential support than newer visual enhancement technology (e.g., head mounted devices). Financial, comfort or usability reasons may influence preferences more than performance-based findings. However, there is a lack of studies examining newer technologies in AMD populations, which future research should address. Moreover, given the presence of bias across the studies and limited controlled experiments, confidence in the results may be low. Most studies indicated that low vision devices have positive impacts on reading and visual performance. But, even though they are reported to be a valuable asset to AMD populations, more rigorous research is required to draw conclusive evidence. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONLow vision devices can improve patient outcomes (e.g., vision, reading ability) for age-related macular degeneration populations.A multidisciplinary combination of low vision devices and rehabilitative services (i.e., eccentric viewing training, counselling, education) may enhance quality of life. Low vision devices can improve patient outcomes (e.g., vision, reading ability) for age-related macular degeneration populations. A multidisciplinary combination of low vision devices and rehabilitative services (i.e., eccentric viewing training, counselling, education) may enhance quality of life.
Portability of a screener for pediatric bipolar disorder to a diverse setting.
Creators: name: Youngstrom, Eric A.
name: Demeter, Christine
name: Freeman, Andrew J.
name: Youngstrom, Jennifer Kogos
name: Frazier, Thomas W.
name: Findling, Robert L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Robust screening measures that perform well in different populations could help improve the accuracy of diagnosis of pediatric bipolar disorder. Changes in sampling could influence the performance of items and potentially influence total scores enough to alter the predictive utility of scores. Additionally, creating a brief version of a measure by extracting items from a longer scale might cause differential functioning due to context effects. The current study examines both sampling and context effects of a brief measure of pediatric mania. Caregivers of 813 youths completed the parent-report General Behavior Inventory (PGBI) at an academic medical center enriched for mood disorders. Caregivers of 481 youth completed the PGBI at a community mental health center. Caregivers of 799 youth completed 10 items extracted from the PGBI at a community setting. Caregivers of 159 youth completed both versions of the PGBI and a semi-structured diagnostic interview. Differential item functioning indicated that across samples some items functioned differently; however, total observed scores were similar across all levels of mania. Receiver Operating Characteristic analysis indicated that the ten extracted items discriminated bipolar from non-bipolar as well as when the items were embedded within the full measure. Findings suggest that the extracted items perform similarly to the embedded items in the community setting. Measurement properties appear sufficiently robust across settings to support clinical applications.
Simulating continuous symmetry models with discrete ones
Creators: name: Catalano, Alberto Giuseppe
name: Brtan, Daria
name: Franchini, Fabio
name: Giampaolo, Salvatore Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Especially in one dimension, models with discrete and continuous symmetries display different physical properties, starting from the existence of long-range order. In this work, we that, by adding topological frustration, an antiferromagnetic $XYZ$ spin chain, characterized by a discrete local symmetry, develops a region in parameter space which mimics the features of models with continuous symmetries. For instance, frustration closes the mass gap and we describe a continuous crossover between ground states with different quantum numbers, a finite (Fermi) momentum for low energy states, and the disappearance of the finite order parameter. Moreover, we observe non-trivial ground state degeneracies, non-vanishing chirality and a singular foliation of the ground state fidelity . Across the boundary between this chiral region and the rest of the phase diagram any discontinuity in the energy derivatives vanishes in the thermodynamic limit.
Der Vorrang der Wort-Gottes-Verkündigung, der Liturgie und der Diakonie vor der Lehre
Creators: name: Schulz, Hans-Joachim
Publisher: name: Concilium
Year: 1970

description: Concilium, Bd. 37 Nr. 3 (2001): Concilium: Internationale Zeitschrift für Theologie, Band 37, Heft 3
Spectrally accurate solutions to inhomogeneous elliptic PDE in smooth geometries using function intension
Creators: name: Stein, David B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a spectrally accurate embedded boundary method for solving linear, inhomogeneous, elliptic partial differential equations (PDE) in general smooth geometries, focusing in this manuscript on the Poisson, modified Helmholtz, and Stokes equations. Unlike several recently proposed methods which rely on function extension, we propose a method which instead utilizes function `intension', or the smooth truncation of known function values. Similar to those methods based on extension, once the inhomogeneity is truncated we may solve the PDE using any of the many simple, fast, and robust solvers that have been developed for regular grids on simple domains. Function intension is inherently stable, as are all steps in the proposed solution method, and can be used on domains which do not readily admit extensions. We pay a price in exchange for improved stability and flexibility: in addition to solving the PDE on the regular domain, we must additionally (1) solve the PDE on a small auxiliary domain that is fitted to the boundary, and (2) ensure consistency of the solution across the interface between this auxiliary domain and the rest of the physical domain. We show how these tasks may be accomplished efficiently (in both the asymptotic and practical sense), and compare convergence to several recent high-order embedded boundary schemes.