cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A Turbulent Constitutive Law for the Two-Dimensional Inverse Energy Cascade
Creators: name: Eyink, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a fundamental approach to a turbulent constitutive law for the 2D inverse cascade, based upon a convergent multi-scale gradient (MSG) expansion. To first order in gradients we find that the turbulent stress generated by small-scale eddies is proportional not to strain but instead to `skew-strain,' i.e. the strain tensor rotated by $45^\circ.$ The skew-strain from a given scale of motion makes no contribution to energy flux across eddies at that scale, so that the inverse cascade cannot be strongly scale-local. We show that this conclusion extends a result of Kraichnan for spectral transfer and is due to absence of vortex-stretching in 2D. This `weakly local' mechanism of inverse cascade requires a relative rotation between the principal directions of strain at different scales and we argue for this using both the dynamical equations of motion and also a heuristic model of `thinning' of small-scale vortices by an imposed large-scale strain. Carrying out our expansion to second-order in gradients, we find two additional terms in the stress that can contribute to energy cascade. The first is a Newtonian stress with an `eddy-viscosity' due to differential strain-rotation, and the second is a tensile stress exerted along vorticity contour-lines. The latter was anticipated by Kraichnan for a very special model situation of small-scale vortex wave-packets in a uniform strain field. We prove a proportionality in 2D between the mean rates of differential strain-rotation and of vorticity-gradient stretching, analogous to a similar relation of Betchov for 3D. According to this result the second-order stresses will also contribute to inverse cascade when, as is plausible, vorticity contour-lines lengthen on average by turbulent advection.
description: 24 pages, 1 figure
Strength of the Trilinear Higgs Boson Coupling in Technicolor Models
Creators: name: Doff, A.
name: Natale, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the strength of the trilinear Higgs boson coupling in technicolor (or composite) models in a model independent way. The coupling is determined as a function of a very general ansatz for the technicolor self-energy, and turns out to be equal or smaller than the one of the standard model Higgs boson depending on the dynamics of the theory. With this trilinear coupling we estimate the cross section for Higgs boson pair production at the LHC. This measurement is quite improbable in the case of a heavy standard model Higgs boson, but it will be even worse when this boson is dynamically generated.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures, Typos corrected
LAND ALLOCATION, SOIL QUALITY, AND THE DEMAND FOR IRRIGATION TECHNOLOGY
Creators: name: Green, Gareth P.
name: Sunding, David L.
name: Green, Gareth P.
name: Sunding, David L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1997
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: Economists have long argued that increasing the price of agricultural water will encourage the adoption of efficient irrigation technologies. This article considers the choice of irrigation systems conditional on prior land allocation decisions. Adoption functions for gravity and low-pressure irrigation technologies are estimated for citrus and vineyards crops using a field-level data set from California's Central Valley. Results show that the influence of land quality and water price on low-pressure technology adoption is greater for citrus than for vineyard crops. Consequently, the response of growers to changes in policy will be conditional and land allocation.
CONSUMER FOOD SAFETY CONCERNS AND FRESH PRODUCE CONSUMPTION
Creators: name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Piewthongngam, Kullapapruk
name: Qiang, Han
name: Henneberry, Shida Rastegari
name: Piewthongngam, Kullapapruk
name: Qiang, Han
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety

description: The linear approximation of an almost ideal demand system model was used to measure the impacts of prices, expenditures, and consumer food safety concerns on the consumption of 14 major fresh produce categories in the United States for the period 1970-92. The changes in fresh produce consumption due to food safety concerns was calculated. The results indicate that risk information has not had a significant impact on the consumption of most of the fresh produce items studied.
DEMAND FOR HERBICIDE IN CORN: AN ENTROPY APPROACH USING MICRO-LEVEL DATA
Creators: name: Arndt, Channing
name: Arndt, Channing
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis

description: Price responsiveness of herbicide demand in corn for farmers in Indiana's White River Basin using cross-section data from individual farms is estimated. Particular attention is paid to appropriate treatment of binding nonnegativity constraints. Estimation was first attempted using an approach to demand systems estimation suggested by Lee and Pitt. However, analytical and computational difficulties effectively preclude estimation by the Lee and Pitt approach. As an alternative, a maximum entropy (ME) approach is presented and discussed. Results from the ME estimator tentatively indicate limited response of herbicide demand to changes in own prices. The maximum entropy approach to demand systems estimation appears to have merit and warrants further attention.
DAIRY DEREGULATION AND LOW-INPUT DAIRY PRODUCTION: A BIOECONOMIC EVALUATION
Creators: name: Tozer, Peter R.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: Tozer, Peter R.
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Production Economics

description: Deregulation of the Australian dairy industry could affect the utilization of resources by milk producers and the profitability of dairy production. In this study we examine the feed mix that dairy producers use, both pastures and supplements, under partial and total deregulation. We are particularly interested in the interaction of pasture utilization and farm profitability. The results of this research demonstrate that profitable low-input dairy is constrained by the most limiting resource, feed supplied by pasture, and that the interactions between economic and biological processes are critical to farm profitability.
A STRATEGIC RATIONALE FOR CAPTIVE SUPPLIES
Creators: name: Love, H. Alan
name: Burton, Diana M.
name: Love, H. Alan
name: Burton, Diana M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Partial backward integration is prevalent in many agricultural and natural resource processing industries. A strategic rationale for partial backward integration is developed for a dominant firm with a competitive fringe purchasing from competitive input suppliers. A partially backward integrated dominant firm potentially can increase profit through production efficiency gains and through a lower price for externally purchasing input. The optimal degree of backward integration results when the dominant firm's profit from exerting monopsony market power in the external spot market equals its profit from producing raw input internally, less the incremental cost of acquiring internal raw input production capacity. Comparative statics results are consistent with recent empirical studies of the beef packing industry.
Measurement of $γ$ rays from $^6$LiF tile as an inner wall of a neutron-decay detector
Creators: name: Koga, J.
name: Ieki, S.
name: Kimura, A.
name: Kitaguchi, M.
name: Kitahara, R.
name: Mishima, K.
name: Nagakura, N.
name: Okudaira, T.
name: Otono, H.
name: Shimizu, H. M.
name: Sumi, N.
name: Takada, S.
name: Tomita, T.
name: Yamada, T.
name: Yoshioka, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A neutron lifetime measurement conducted at the Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex (J-PARC) is counting the number of electrons from neutron decays with a time projection chamber (TPC). The $γ$ rays produced in the TPC cause irreducible background events. To achieve the precise measurement, the inner walls of the TPC consist of $^6$Li-enriched lithium-fluoride ($^6$LiF) tiles to suppress the amount of $γ$ rays. In order to estimate the amount of $γ$ rays from the $^{6}{\rm LiF}$ tile, prompt gamma ray analysis (PGA) measurements were performed using germanium detectors. We reconstructed the measured $γ$-ray energy spectrum using a Monte Carlo simulation with the stripping method. Comparing the measured spectrum with a simulated one, the number of $γ$ rays emitted from the$^{6}{\rm LiF}$ tile was $(2.3^{+0.7}_{-0.3}) \times 10^{-4}$ per incident neutron. This is $1.4^{+0.5}_{-0.2}$ times the value assumed for a mole fraction of the $^{6}{\rm LiF}$ tile. We concluded that the amount of $γ$ rays produced from the $^{6}{\rm LiF}$ tile is not more twice the originally assumed value.
description: 14 pages, 11 figures, will be submitted to JINST
Constituent quark model study of light- and strange-baryon spectra
Creators: name: Valcarce, A.
name: Garcilazo, H.
name: Vijande, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the structure of the SU(3) octet and decuplet baryons employing a constituent quark model designed for the study of the baryon-baryon interaction and successfully applied to the meson spectra. The model considers through the interacting potential perturbative, one-gluon exchange, and non-perturbative, boson exchanges and confinement, aspects of the underlying theory, QCD. We solve the three-quark problem by means of the Faddeev method in momentum space. We analyze the effect of the different terms in the interaction and make contact with the use of relativistic kinematics. We find an explanation to the strong contribution of the pseudoscalar forces in the semirelativistic approach for the octet baryons. A phenomenological recipe for the regularization parameter of the one-gluon exchange is found.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Ein arabisches und äthiopisches Fragment der Schrift "De XII gemmis" des Epiphanios von Salamis
Creators: name: Weischer, Bernd Manuel
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 63 (1979): Oriens christianus, Band 63
Oxadiazoles for Covid-19?
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19
Oxadiazoles
Raltegravir
Celebrex
COX-2 inhibition
Oxolamine
Sars-cov-2
N-acetyl neuraminic acid
SARS-COV-2 spikes
Sialic acids
Pleconaril
Linoleic acid
Sialoquake
hydroxychloroquine
Sars-Cov

description: Oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic aromatic chemical compounds, having different isomeric forms. They appear in a variety of pharmaceutical drugs. Among the drugs based on the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, we find for instance an antiviral such as Raltegravir, which is used to treat HIV/AIDS. Here we will discuss Raltegravir and in-silico simulations concerning SARS-COV-2. Besides the compounds based on 1,3,4 rings, there exist those with 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings which are reported as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. One of these drugs is Oxolamine. Of this drug we will stress the fact that it is an inhibitor of the formation of N-acetylneuraminic acid, a sialic acid. In fact, the spike-protein from SARS-COV-2 is shown to bind sialic acids too. Since these acids have, at the same time, an antiviral protective role, it could be relevant to investigate carefully any ligand/protein docking property of Oxolamine (docking with human enzymes, virus enzymes and proteins). Based on the 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold, we have also the antiviral Pleconaril, that has been investigated by means of in-silico simulated interactions with SARS-COV-2 proteins. We will discuss also some news oxadiazole compounds, which are given as selective COX-2 inhibitors, antioxidant agents and inhibitors of proteins of the virus, according to in-silico simulations. Therefore, can these drugs have a possible role in the treatment of Covid-19? Or, why can't they be used for?
description: Let us stress that the main target of SARS-COV-2 is considered the ACE2 receptor. Then, is the sialic acid supporting the virus to enter the cell? A study, 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00855, that used a glyco-nanoparticle platform, reported the discovery that N-acetyl neuraminic acid has affinity toward the SARS-COV-2 spike glycoprotein, that is a glycan-binding function. However, a recent study, 10.1016/j.scib.2021.01.010, which has investigated the binding of the spikes of the virus by means of micro-arrays, tells that no binding with sialic acid residues was detected. --- see PLEASE the new version.
PATENTS, R&D, AND MARKET STRUCTURE IN THE U.S. FOOD PROCESSING INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Vasavada, Utpal
name: Gopinath, Munisamy
name: Vasavada, Utpal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This study investigates the effects of market structure and research and development (R&D) on the innovation activities of firms. Fixed and random effects count data models are estimated with firm-level data for the U.S. food processing industry. Results show a positive association between patents and R&D, and patents and market structure, suggesting that firms which exhibit noncompetitive behavior are likely to develop new products and processes. Significant intra-industry spillovers of knowledge are identified using industry R&D. For this industry, deadweight losses from imperfect competition may be offset by greater product variety and quality of food products for consumers.
Towards transformative human rights practices : a reconsideration of the role of Canadian legal institutions in achieving social justice
Creators: name: Buckley, Melina
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the tension between the evolving demand for the protection and promotion of human rights and the dissatisfaction with the legal institutions charged with these responsibilities. This problematique is examined and reconstructed with the objective of determining how Canadian legal institutions could be structured so as to more effectively contribute to the achievement of social justice. A critical theory approach is undertaken in this thesis. This method involves the development of a transformative ideal against which current practices are examined. This juxtaposition illuminates both the problems with, and the possibilities of, the courts and human rights commissions in interpreting and applying human rights norms. The transformative ideal comprises two elements. The first element postulates that the legal institutional role should be conceived as contributing to a broad and evolving discourse on human rights and responsibilities within the public sphere. The second element holds that this role should be enhanced through the development of transformative human rights practices and their integration into legal processes. The transformative ideal is constructed through a series of six discussions comprising: (1) the development of an analytical framework based on the concepts of social transformation, social justice, human rights and the right to equality; (2) an examination of the critique of the role and functions of courts and human rights commissions; (3) an elaboration of a normative account of the public sphere and discourse together with a discussion of the role of human rights norms therein; (4) a discussion of current mediation practices in the human rights context leading to the development of a normative model of transformative mediation; (5) an examination of the transformative ideal in human rights commission practices; and (6) an exploration of the transformative ideal in court practices. The thesis concludes that the transformative ideal and particularly the concept of transformative human rights practices, will assist in reform of Canadian legal institutions so as to enhance social justice.
Constraints on Cosmic Neutrino Fluxes from the ANITA Experiment
Creators: name: ANITA Collaboration
name: Barwick, S. W.
name: Beatty, J. J.
name: Besson, D. Z.
name: Binns, W. R.
name: Cai, B.
name: Clem, J. M.
name: Connolly, A.
name: Cowen, D. F.
name: Dowkontt, P. F.
name: DuVernois, M. A.
name: Evenson, P. A.
name: Goldstein, D.
name: Gorham, P. W.
name: Hebert, C. L.
name: Israel, M. H.
name: Learned, J. G.
name: Liewer, K. M.
name: Link, J. T.
name: Matsuno, S.
name: Miocinovic, P.
name: Nam, J.
name: Naudet, C. J.
name: Nichol, R.
name: Palladino, K.
name: Rosen, M.
name: Saltzberg, D.
name: Seckel, D.
name: Silvestri, A.
name: Stokes, B. T.
name: Varner, G. S.
name: Wu, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new limits on cosmic neutrino fluxes from the test flight of the Antarctic Impulsive Transient Antenna (ANITA) experiment, which completed an 18.4 day flight of a prototype long-duration balloon payload, called ANITA-lite, in early 2004. We search for impulsive events that could be associated with ultra-high energy neutrino interactions in the ice, and derive limits that constrain several models for ultra-high energy neutrino fluxes. We rule out the long-standing Z-burst model as the source for the ultra-high energy cosmic rays.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, accepted to PRL
Tunable spin Hall and spin Nernst effects in Dirac line-node semimetals XCuYAs (X=Zr, Hf; Y=Si, Ge)
Creators: name: Prasad, Babu Baijnath
name: Guo, Guang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quaternary arsenide compounds XCuYAs (X=Zr, Hf; Y= Si, Ge) belong to the vast family of the 1111-type quaternary compounds, which possess outstanding physical properties ranging from $p$-type transparent semiconductors to high-temperature Fe-based superconductors. In this paper, we study the electronic structure topology, spin Hall effect (SHE) and spin Nernst effect (SNE) in these compounds based on density functional theory calculations. First we find that the four considered compounds are Dirac semimetals with the nonsymmorphic symmetry-protected Dirac line nodes along the Brillouin zone boundary $A$-$M$ and $X$-$R$ and low density of states (DOS) near the Fermi level ($E_F$). Second, the intrinsic SHE and SNE in some of these considered compounds are found to be large. In particular, the calculated spin Hall conductivity (SHC) of HfCuGeAs is as large as -514 ($\hbar$/e)(S/cm). The spin Nernst conductivity (SNC) of HfCuGeAs at room temperature is also large, being -0.73 ($\hbar$/e)(A/m-K). Moreover, both the magnitude and sign of the SHC and SNC in these compounds can be manipulated by varying either the applied electric field direction or spin current direction. The SHE and SNE in these compounds can also be enhanced by tuning the Fermi level via chemical doping or electric gating. Finally, a detailed analysis of the band-decomposed and $k$-resolved spin Berry curvatures reveals that these large SHC and SNC as well as their notable tunabilities originate largely from the presence of a large number of spin-orbit coupling-gapped Dirac points near the Fermi level as well as the gapless Dirac line-nodes, which give rise to large spin Berry curvatures. Our findings thus suggest that the four XCuYAs compounds not only provide a valuable platform for exploring the interplay between SHE, SNE and band topology but also have promising applications in spintronics and spin caloritronics.
Lightcurves of 20--100 kilometer Kuiper Belt Objects using the Hubble Space Telescope
Creators: name: Trilling, David E.
name: Bernstein, Gary M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high precision photometry of three small and one larger Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) obtained with the Advanced Camera for Surveys onboard the Hubble Space Telescope (ACS/HST). The three small bodies are the smallest KBOs for which lightcurve measurements are available. 2003 BF91 has a diameter of 20 kilometers (assuming 10% albedo) and a 1.09 magnitude, 9.1-hour lightcurve that is feasibly explained by the rotation of an elongated, coherent body that is supported by material strength and best imagined as an icy outer Solar System analog to asteroid (243) Ida. Two other small KBOs, 2003 BG91 and 2003 BH91 (diameters 31 and 18 km, with albedo 10%), exhibit an unremarkable lightcurve and no detectable photometric variation, respectively. For the larger KBO 2000 FV53 (116 km diameter, assuming 10% albedo) we strongly detect a non-sinusoidal periodic (7.5 hours) brightness variation with a very small amplitude (0.07 mag). This KBO may be nearly spherical, a result that might not be unusual in the Kuiper Belt but would be remarkable among outer Solar System satellites of similar size. We carry out a study of possible physical states and bulk densities under the assumptions of both fluid equilibrium and finite, non-zero internal friction. The densities for the these KBOs are likely to be in the range 1--2 g/cm3, and a plausible solution for 2000 FV53 is a rubble pile of this density that is held slightly out of the minimum-energy shape by internal friction among constituent blocks that are relatively small. Our interpretation of 2000 FV53 as a pulverized but essentially primordial object and 2003 BF91 as a collisional fragment is consistent with models of collisional timescales in the outer Solar System. We compile all published KBO lightcurve data and compare our results to the larger population. [abridged]
description: AJ, in press. Tables 1-4 will be electronic only in published version but appear here in full. Figures 1,3,5 in color
Oxadiazoles for Covid-19?
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19
Oxadiazoles
Raltegravir
Celebrex
COX-2 inhibition
Oxolamine
Sars-cov-2
N-acetyl neuraminic acid
SARS-COV-2 spikes
Sialic acids
Pleconaril
Linoleic acid
Sialoquake

description: Oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic aromatic chemical compounds, having different isomeric forms. They appear in a variety of pharmaceutical drugs. Among the drugs based on the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, we find for instance an antiviral such as Raltegravir, which is used to treat HIV/AIDS. Here we will discuss Raltegravir and in-silico simulations concerning SARS-COV-2. Besides the compounds based on 1,3,4 rings, there exist those with 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings which are reported as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. One of these drugs is Oxolamine. Of this drug we will stress the fact that it is an inhibitor of the formation of N-acetylneuraminic acid, a sialic acid. In fact, the spike-protein from SARS-COV-2 is shown to bind sialic acids too. Since these acids have, at the same time, an antiviral protective role, it could be relevant to investigate carefully any docking of Oxolamine with the proteins of the virus. Based on the 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold, we have also the antiviral Pleconaril, that has been investigated by means of in-silico simulated interactions with SARS-COV-2 proteins. We will discuss also some news oxadiazole compounds, which are given as selective COX-2 inhibitors, antioxidant agents and inhibitors of proteins of the virus, according to in-silico simulations. Therefore, can these drugs have a possible role in the treatment of Covid-19? Or, why can't they be used for?
description: Let us stress that the main target of SARS-COV-2 is considered the ACE2 receptor. Then, is the sialic acid supporting the virus to enter the cell? A study, 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00855, that used a glyco-nanoparticle platform, reported the discovery that N-acetyl neuraminic acid has affinity toward the SARS-COV-2 spike glycoprotein, that is a glycan-binding function. However, a recent study, 10.1016/j.scib.2021.01.010, which has investigated the binding of the spikes of the virus by means of micro-arrays, tells that no binding with sialic acid residues was detected. --- see PLEASE the new version.
THE ADOPTION AND DIFFUSION OF LEVEL FIELDS AND BASINS
Creators: name: Anderson, David P.
name: Wilson, Paul N.
name: Thompson, Gary D.
name: Anderson, David P.
name: Wilson, Paul N.
name: Thompson, Gary D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Strategic investments in agriculture often are lumpy and irreversible, with significant impacts on operating and fixed costs. Leveling cotton fields to zero slope in central Arizona is a strategic decision made by relatively younger farmers who are farming fine-textured soils in irrigation districts with higher expected water costs. The diffusion of the technology across the region between 1968-89 appears to be both a function of institutional changes (e.g., the Groundwater Management Act of 1980, the Central Arizona Project) and the long-run expected price changes induced by these new policies.
First results from NA60 on low mass muon pair production in In-In collisions at 158 GeV/nucleon
Creators: name: Damjanovic, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NA60 experiment at the CERN SPS studies dimuon production in proton-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus collisions. The combined information from a novel vertex telescope made of radiation-tolerant silicon pixel detectors and from the muon spectrometer previously used in NA50 allows for a precise measurement of the muon vertex and a much improved dimuon mass resolution. We report on first results from the data taken for Indium-Indium collisions at 158 AGeV/nucleon in 2003, concentrating on a subsample of about 370 000 muon pairs in the mass range $<1.2$ GeV/$c^{2}$. The light vector mesons $ω$ and $ϕ$ are completely resolved, with a mass resolution of about 23 MeV/$c^{2}$ at the $ϕ$. The transverse momentum spectra of the $ϕ$ are measured over the continuous range $0
description: 9 pages, 6 figures. Plenary talk, SQM2004 conference, Cape Town, South Africa 15-20 September, 2004. To be published in Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics
A study on dual-memory architectures in incremental learning
Creators: name: Zarfsaz, Behzad Taghipour
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Catastrophic forgetting as the central issue in continual learning can be named one of the most critical and challenging issues in machine learning, which explored in the 1980s. Despite the breakneck pace of progress in computer science, it still is not mit- igated completely. This article starts with the importance of continual learning, and after explaining the fundamentals, a hybrid bio-inspired model has been introduced. This model implements incremental learning without confronting the catastrophic for- getting.Inspired by the relations between the hippocampal and neocortical regions of a biological brain, the dual memory concept stands for a composite architecture in which the knowledge acquired by short-term memory, as fast learning network, is transferred to long-term memory to fertile the ground for incremental or online learning. In this article, several experiments conducted to analyze the behavior and the productivity of this model in incremental learning, utilizing a small short-term memory.
Attosecond photoionization dynamics in the vicinity of the Cooper minima in argon
Creators: name: Alexandridi, C.
name: Platzer, D.
name: Barreau, L.
name: Busto, D.
name: Zhong, S.
name: Turconi, M.
name: Neoričić, L.
name: Laurell, H.
name: Arnold, C. L.
name: Borot, A.
name: Hergott, J. -F.
name: Tcherbakoff, O.
name: Lejman, M.
name: Gisselbrecht, M.
name: Lindroth, E.
name: L'Huillier, A.
name: Dahlström, J. M.
name: Salières, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a spectrally resolved electron interferometry technique, we measure photoionization time delays between the $3s$ and $3p$ subshells of argon over a large 34-eV energy range covering the Cooper minima in both subshells. The observed strong variations of the $3s-3p$ delay difference, including a sign change, are well reproduced by theoretical calculations using the Two-Photon Two-Color Random Phase Approximation with Exchange. Strong shake-up channels lead to photoelectrons spectrally overlapping with those emitted from the $3s$ subshell. These channels need to be included in our analysis to reproduce the experimental data. Our measurements provide a stringent test for multielectronic theoretical models aiming at an accurate description of inter-channel correlation.
EMERGING AGRICULTURAL WATER CONSERVATION PRICE INCENTIVES
Creators: name: Michelsen, Ari M.
name: Taylor, R. Garth
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: McGuckin, J. Thomas
name: Michelsen, Ari M.
name: Taylor, R. Garth
name: Huffaker, Ray G.
name: McGuckin, J. Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: Recent Bureau of Reclamation policies encourage or require irrigation districts to adopt price conservation incentives. Using unpublished survey results and new district-level information, we examine the rate structures and incentives of district water pricing. Our findings reveal that the majority of districts use fixed charges independent of the quantity of water delivered and that most conservation rate structures recently implemented are designed so that the first tier quantity allocation satisfies most crop water needs. Although other district management objectives may be satisfied, price incentives are diminished or nonexistent. The question of whether conservation is being achieved is tautological and depends on how each district defines conservation.
Two Dimensional Swarm Formation in Time-invariant External Potential: Modelling, Analysis, and Control
Creators: name: Wang, Yanran
name: Hikihara, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Clustering formation has been observed in many organisms in Nature. It has the desirable properties for designing energy efficient protocols for Wireless Senor Networks (WSNs). In this paper, we present a new approach for energy efficient WSNs protocol which investigate how cluster formation of sensors response to external time-invariant energy potential. In this approach, the necessity of data transmission to Base Station is eliminated, thereby conserving energy for WSNs. We define swarm formation topology, and estimate the curvature of external potential manifold by analyzing the change of the swarm formation in time. We also introduce a dynamic formation control algorithm for maintaining defined swarm formation topology in external potential.
ADVERTISING TRADED GOODS
Creators: name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
name: Kinnucan, Henry W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Nerlove and Waugh's theory of cooperative (generic) advertising is extended to the case of traded goods. Results suggest that trade reduces the incentive to promote by enlarging the effective supply or demand elasticity facing the industry. This is especially true in the net exporter situation where the enlarged demand elasticity (relative to the autarky case) limits the ability to shift advertising costs onto consumers. Simulations of the model using data and parameter values for the California egg industry suggest that ignoring trade prejudices benefit-cost ratios in favor of the promotion program. The upward bias, moreover, is significant even when the trade share is modest.
New Black Hole Solutions with Axial Symmetry in Einstein-Yang-Mills Theory
Creators: name: Ibadov, Rustam
name: Kleihaus, Burkhard
name: Kunz, Jutta
name: Wirschins, Marion
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct new black hole solutions in Einstein-Yang-Mills theory. They are static, axially symmetric and asymptotically flat. They are characterized by their horizon radius and a pair of integers (k,n), where k is related to the polar angle and n to the azimuthal angle. The known spherically and axially symmetric EYM black holes have k=1. For k>1, pairs of new black hole solutions appear above a minimal value of n, that increases with k. Emerging from globally regular solutions, they form two branches, which merge and end at a maximal value of the horizon radius. The difference of their mass and their horizon mass equals the mass of the corresponding regular solution, as expected from the isolated horizon framework.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
Pseudo-Darwinian evolution of physical flows in complex networks
Creators: name: Berthelot, Geoffroy
name: Tupikina, Liubov
name: Kang, Min-Yeong
name: Sapoval, Bernard
name: Grebenkov, Denis S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of complex transport networks is investigated under three strategies of link removal: random, intentional attack and "Pseudo-Darwinian" strategy. At each evolution step and regarding the selected strategy, one removes either a randomly chosen link, or the link carrying the strongest flux, or the link with the weakest flux, respectively. We study how the network structure and the total flux between randomly chosen source and drain nodes evolve. We discover a universal power-law decrease of the total flux, followed by an abrupt transport collapse. The time of collapse is shown to be determined by the average number of links per node in the initial network, highlighting the importance of this network property for ensuring safe and robust transport against random failures, intentional attacks and maintenance cost optimizations.
title: Voyager 7 Tomcat WebVoyage interface for dummies or: what will it take to customize our new user interface and remain sane?
Creators: name: Guy, Laura
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Voyager
subject: Integrated library systems (Computer systems)
subject: Libraries

description: Presented at the October 2009 meeting of the Southern Region Ex Libris User Group Conference held in Wichita Falls, Texas.
description: 67 PowerPoint slides.
Bourne_PowerAnalysis.SurvivalAnalysis.ModelTables_ESM from High temperatures drive offspring mortality in a cooperatively breeding bird
Creators: name: Bourne, Amanda R.
name: Cunningham, Susan J.
name: Spottiswoode, Claire N.
name: Ridley, Amanda R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Details from methods and results sections with supplementary figures
Statistical inference of assortative community structures
Creators: name: Zhang, Lizhi
name: Peixoto, Tiago P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop a principled methodology to infer assortative communities in networks based on a nonparametric Bayesian formulation of the planted partition model. We show that this approach succeeds in finding statistically significant assortative modules in networks, unlike alternatives such as modularity maximization, which systematically overfits both in artificial as well as in empirical examples. In addition, we show that our method is not subject to a resolution limit, and can uncover an arbitrarily large number of communities, as long as there is statistical evidence for them. Our formulation is amenable to model selection procedures, which allow us to compare it to more general approaches based on the stochastic block model, and in this way reveal whether assortativity is in fact the dominating large-scale mixing pattern. We perform this comparison with several empirical networks, and identify numerous cases where the network's assortativity is exaggerated by traditional community detection methods, and we show how a more faithful degree of assortativity can be identified.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures. Code is available at https://graph-tool.skewed.de and a HOWTO documentation at https://graph-tool.skewed.de/static/doc/demos/inference/inference.html
TESTING SEPARABILITY OF JAPANESE DEMAND FOR MEAT AND FISH WITHIN DIFFERENTIAL DEMAND SYSTEMS
Creators: name: Eales, James S.
name: Roheim, Cathy A.
name: Eales, James S.
name: Roheim, Cathy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1999
Subjects: Demand and Price Analysis

description: The separability of meat products from fish products is investigated to gain a better understanding of Japanese consumer choices in protein demand. Rather than view fish as a single homogeneous commodity, fish and seafood are categorized into several groups of products. Separability is investigated using a demand system approach in which a generalized system of demand equations is specified and used, first to identify if any of the alternative demand structures nested within the general system are appropriate for these data, and then, conditional on those results, to test separability of meats from fish products following Moschini, Moro, and Green. Results indicate that meats and fish were separable prior to 1990; however, when examined over the entire 1981-95 study period, they are not.
Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Productivity Growth of Electricity Generators
Creators: name: Murtough, Greg
name: Appels, David
name: Matysek, Anna
name: Lovell, C.A. Knox
name: Murtough, Greg
name: Appels, David
name: Matysek, Anna
name: Lovell, C.A. Knox
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: "Greenhouse Gas Emissions and the Productivity Growth of Electricity Generators" by Greg Murtough, David Appels, Anna Matysek, and C. A. Knox Lovell, was released on 18 December 2001. This paper develops and applies a measure of productivity growth that can incorporate unpriced environmental impacts. The methodology builds on the established technique of data envelopment analysis and is applied to one of the more significant environmental issues facing Australia - greenhouse gas emissions from electricity generation. The main finding of the paper is: productivity growth estimates for electricity generators can change significantly when allowance is made for greenhouse gas emissions. The paper develops an innovative statistical technique for incorporating environmental impacts in productivity estimates. It shows that accounting for greenhouse gas emissions reduces estimated productivity growth when emission intensity is rising and increases it when emission intensity is falling. In the late 1990s, changes in emission intensity (and hence the impact of emissions on estimated productivity growth) appear to have been largely driven by movements in thermal efficiency (electricity supplied per unit of fuel). The paper also found that there are regional differences in the cost (in terms of foregone output of electricity) of abating emissions. The views expressed in this paper are those of the staff involved and do not necessarily reflect those of the Productivity Commission.
Stranded Irrigation Assets
Creators: name: Roper, Heather
name: Sayers, Chris
name: Smith, Andrew
name: Roper, Heather
name: Sayers, Chris
name: Smith, Andrew
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The staff working paper "Stranded Irrigation Assets" (Roper, H., Sayers, C. and Smith, A) was released on 28 June 2006. Prior to the National Water Initiative (NWI), irrigation authorities imposed restrictions on outward trade of water entitlements partly to protect remaining irrigators against the risks and consequences of having to recover the costs of "stranded" or under-utilised assets. This could be one of a number of reasons behind low levels of permanent water trade. This paper examines ways of minimising the financial impact of stranded assets on remaining irrigators with the relaxation of trading restrictions. The aim of the project was to research the options to address the perceived adverse financial consequences of stranded irrigation assets. The authors concluded that it is not certain that proposals under the NWI to relax restrictions on permanent water trading will necessarily result in widespread stranded irrigation assets. Furthermore, stranded assets do not represent an impediment to the efficient use of infrastructure, the allocation of entitlements, or the use of water. The key findings are that instead of using the ongoing payment of access fees, "retail tagging" and "exit" fees to manage financial impacts, a more efficient approach would involve abandoning charges for renewals annuities predicated on the full replacement of existing assets; revaluing under-utilised assets "appropriately" to reflect their current economic value in use; charging to recover costs fully; and the introduction of cost differentiated charges for individual irrigators within irrigation areas. The project is part of a larger suite of Commission research on water policy, which includes modelling regional economic impacts of changes in water trade and research into irrigation externalities. It also complements the commissioned research study on rural water use and the environment. The views expressed in this paper are those of the staff involved and do not necessarily reflect those of the Productivity Commission.
Oxadiazoles for Covid-19?
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Covid-19
Oxadiazoles
Raltegravir
Celebrex
COX-2 inhibition
Oxolamine
Sars-cov-2
N-acetyl neuraminic acid
SARS-COV-2 spikes
Sialic acids
Pleconaril
Linoleic acid

description: Oxadiazoles are a class of heterocyclic aromatic chemical compounds, having different isomeric forms. They appear in a variety of pharmaceutical drugs. Among the drugs based on the 1,3,4-oxadiazole ring, we find for instance an antiviral such as Raltegravir, which is used to treat HIV/AIDS. Here we will discuss Raltegravir and in-silico simulations concerning SARS-COV-2. Besides the compounds based on 1,3,4 rings, there exist those with 1,2,4-oxadiazole rings which are reported as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents. One of these drugs is Oxolamine. Of this drug we will stress the fact that it is an inhibitor of the formation of N-acetylneuraminic acid, a sialic acid. This could be an interesting fact, since the spike-protein from SARS-COV-2 is shown to bind sialic acids too. Based on the 1,2,4-oxadiazole scaffold, we have also the antiviral Pleconaril, that has been investigated by means of in-silico simulated interactions with SARS-COV-2 proteins. We will discuss also some news oxadiazole compounds, which are given as selective COX-2 inhibitors, antioxidant agents and inhibitors of proteins of the virus, according to in-silico simulations. Therefore, can these drugs have a possible role in the treatment of Covid-19? Or, why can't they be used for?
description: Let us stress that the main target of SARS-COV-2 is considered the ACE2 receptor. Then, is the sialic acid supporting the virus to enter the cell? A study, 10.1021/acscentsci.0c00855, that used a glyco-nanoparticle platform, reported the discovery that N-acetyl neuraminic acid has affinity toward the SARS-COV-2 spike glycoprotein, that is a glycan-binding function. However, a recent study, 10.1016/j.scib.2021.01.010, which has investigated the binding of the spikes of the virus by means of micro-arrays, tells that no binding with sialic acid residues was detected. --- see PLEASE the new version.
Living, Labour and Environmental Standards and the WTO
Creators: name: Nankivell, Tom
name: Nankivell, Tom
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy
International Relations/Trade

description: The Productivity Commission staff working paper, 'Living, Labour and Environmental Standards and the WTO', by Tom Nankivell, was released in August 2003. The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an international forum in which member governments agree on rules for the conduct of international trade. There has been much debate in Australia and other developed nations in recent years about the WTO and the rules governing the multilateral trading system. Critics have charged the WTO with being an undemocratic world government, anti-developing and anti-small country, driven by the interests of global corporations, and insensitive to labour and environmental standards and cultural values. Supporters of the WTO argue that many of the criticisms reflect misunderstandings of its history, role and processes, and that the multilateral trading system has generated substantial economic benefits. This paper examines trade liberalisation and the recent debates about the WTO and their links to: living standards, income inequality and poverty; core labour standards, and the environment and environmental policies. The views expressed in this paper are those of the staff involved and do not necessarily reflect those of the Productivity Commission.
Risk Assessment 101.docx
Creators: name: Santen, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This treatise describes the use of the terms relative, absolute, excess and attributable risk. these terms are useful when describing the risks related to menopausal hormone therapy.