cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Made-to-Measure models of the Galactic Box/Peanut bulge: stellar and total mass in the bulge region
Creators: name: Portail, M.
name: Wegg, C.
name: Gerhard, O.
name: Martinez-Valpuesta, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct dynamical models of the Milky Way's Box/Peanut (B/P) bulge, using the recently measured 3D density of Red Clump Giants (RCGs) as well as kinematic data from the BRAVA survey. We match these data using the NMAGIC Made-to-Measure method, starting with N-body models for barred discs in different dark matter haloes. We determine the total mass in the bulge volume of the RCGs measurement (+-2.2 x +- 1.4 x +- 1.2 kpc) with unprecedented accuracy and robustness to be 1.84 +- 0.07 x10^10 Msun. The stellar mass in this volume varies between 1.25-1.6 x10^10 Msun, depending on the amount of dark matter in the bulge. We evaluate the mass-to-light and mass-to-clump ratios in the bulge and compare them to theoretical predictions from population synthesis models. We find a mass-to-light ratio in the K-band in the range 0.8-1.1. The models are consistent with a Kroupa or Chabrier IMF, but a Salpeter IMF is ruled out for stellar ages of 10 Gyr. To match predictions from the Zoccali IMF derived from the bulge stellar luminosity function requires about 40% or 0.7 x10^10 Msun dark matter in the bulge region. The BRAVA data together with the RCGs 3D density imply a low pattern speed for the Galactic B/P bulge of 25-30 km.s-1.kpc-1. This would place the Galaxy among the slow rotators (R >= 1.5). Finally, we show that the Milky Way's B/P bulge has an off-centred X structure, and that the stellar mass involved in the peanut shape accounts for at least 20% of the stellar mass of the bulge, significantly larger than previously thought.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Imaging Genetic Based Mediation Analysis for Human Cognition
Creators: name: Liu, Rongjie
name: Chen, Tingan
name: Mandal, Abhishek
name: Zhu, Hongtu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The brain connectome maps the structural and functional connectivity that forms an important neurobiological basis for the analysis of human cognitive traits while the genetic predisposition and our cognition ability are frequently found in close association. The issue of how genetic architecture and brain connectome causally affect human behaviors remains unknown. To seek for the potential causal relationship, in this paper, we carried out the causal pathway analysis from single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) data to four common human cognitive traits, mediated by the brain connectome. Specifically, we selected 942 SNPs that are significantly associated with the brain connectome, and then estimated the direct and indirect effect on the human traits for each SNP. We found out that a majority of the selected SNPs have significant direct effects on human traits and discussed the trait-related brain regions and their implications.
(500300) Edward May
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Risk of SARS-CoV-2 Infection Among People Living With HIV in Wuhan, China
Creators: name: Tang, Weiming
name: Liu, Yanbin
name: Liang, Ke
name: Wu, Songjie
name: Guo, Wei
name: Wu, Mengmeng
name: Marley, Gifty
name: Zhang, Xiaoxia
name: Ming, Fangzhao
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background In the era of the COVID-19 pandemic, people living with HIV (PLWH) face more challenges. However, it is unclear if PLWH is more susceptible to the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection than HIV-negative individuals. This study aimed to explore the prevalence of the SARS-CoV-2 infection and the associated risk factors among PLWH. Methods From 1 to 30 May 2020, we conducted a cross-sectional survey that enrolled 857 PLWH and 1,048 HIV-negative individuals from the Wuchang district in Wuhan, China. Our data analysis compared the rate of the SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH and HIV-negative participants, and the proportions of symptomatic patients and asymptomatic infectors between the two groups. We also assessed the risk factors associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH.ResultsOverall, 14/857 (1.6%) PLWH and 68/1,048 (6.5%) HIV-negative participants were infected with SARS-CoV-2. Among the SARS-CoV-2-infected PLWH participants, 6/14 (42.8%) were symptomatic patients, 4/14 (28.6%) were SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid-positive asymptomatic infectors, and 4/14 (28.6%) were serology-positive asymptomatic infectors. Among the infected HIV-negative participants, 5/68 (7.4%) patients were symptomatic and 63/68 (92.6%) were serology-positive asymptomatic infectors. The rate of the SARS-CoV-2 infection was lower among the PLWH than in the HIV-negative group (1.96% vs. 5.74%, p = 0.001) and the rate of morbidity among the symptomatic patients was similar between the two groups (p = 0.107). However, there were more serology-positive asymptomatic infectors among the infected HIV-negative participants than among the infected PLWH (0.54% vs. 5.46%, p = 0.001). Furthermore, being 50 years or older (aOR = 4.50, 95% CI: 1.34–15.13, p = 0.015) and having opportunistic infections (aOR = 9.59, 95% CI: 1.54–59.92, p = 0.016) were associated with an increased risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH. Conclusions PLWH has more varied forms of the SARS-CoV-2 infection than the HIV-negative population and should, therefore, undertake routine screening to avoid late diagnosis. Also, older age (≥50 years) and having opportunistic infections increase the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infection among PLWH.
Early Post-Vaccination Gene Signatures Correlate With the Magnitude and Function of Vaccine-Induced HIV Envelope-Specific Plasma Antibodies in Infant Rhesus Macaques
Creators: name: Tomai, Mark
name: Permar, Sallie R.
name: Pollara, Justin
name: Hudgens, Michael G.
name: Curtis, Alan D.
name: Fouda, Genevieve
name: De Paris, Kristina
name: Van Rompay, Koen K. A.
name: Cross, Kaitlyn A.
name: Hanke, Tomáš
name: Vijayan, K. K. Vidya
name: Fox, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: A better understanding of the impact of early innate immune responses after vaccine priming on vaccine-elicited adaptive immune responses could inform rational design for effective HIV vaccines. The current study compared the whole blood molecular immune signatures of a 3M-052-SE adjuvanted HIV Env protein vaccine to a regimen combining the adjuvanted Env protein with simultaneous administration of a modified Vaccinia Ankara vector expressing HIV Env in infant rhesus macaques at days 0, 1, and 3 post vaccine prime. Both vaccines induced a rapid innate response, evident by elevated inflammatory plasma cytokines and altered gene expression. We identified 25 differentially-expressed genes (DEG) on day 1 compared to day 0 in the HIV protein vaccine group. In contrast, in the group that received both the Env protein and the MVA-Env vaccine only two DEG were identified, implying that the MVA-Env modified the innate response to the adjuvanted protein vaccine. By day 3, only three DEG maintained altered expression, indicative of the transient nature of the innate response. The DEG represented immune pathways associated with complement activation, type I interferon and interleukin signaling, pathogen sensing, and induction of adaptive immunity. DEG expression on day 1 was correlated to Env-specific antibody responses, in particular antibody-dependent cytotoxicity responses at week 34, and Env-specific follicular T helper cells. Results from network analysis supported the interaction of DEG and their proteins in B cell activation. These results emphasize that vaccine-induced HIV-specific antibody responses can be optimized through the modulation of the innate response to the vaccine prime.
The ER-Mitochondria Interface as a Dynamic Hub for T Cell Efficacy in Solid Tumors
Creators: name: Hunt, Elizabeth G.
name: Thaxton, Jessica E.
name: Andrews, Alex M.
name: Larsen, Sydney R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a large continuous membranous organelle that plays a central role as the hub of protein and lipid synthesis while the mitochondria is the principal location for energy production. T cells are an immune subset exhibiting robust dependence on ER and mitochondrial function based on the need for protein synthesis and secretion and metabolic dexterity associated with foreign antigen recognition and cytotoxic effector response. Intimate connections exist at mitochondrial-ER contact sites (MERCs) that serve as the structural and biochemical platforms for cellular metabolic homeostasis through regulation of fission and fusion as well as glucose, Ca2+, and lipid exchange. Work in the tumor immunotherapy field indicates that the complex interplay of nutrient deprivation and tumor antigen stimulation in the tumor microenvironment places stress on the ER and mitochondria, causing dysfunction in organellar structure and loss of metabolic homeostasis. Here, we assess prior literature that establishes how the structural interface of these two organelles is impacted by the stress of solid tumors along with recent advances in the manipulation of organelle homeostasis at MERCs in T cells. These findings provide strong evidence for increased tumor immunity using unique therapeutic avenues that recharge cellular metabolic homeostasis in T cells.
Personalizing human-agent interaction through cognitive models
Creators: name: Schürmann, Tim
name: Beckerle, Philipp
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Personalization
subject: Cognitive modeling
subject: Human-agent interaction
subject: Behavior prediction/generation
subject: Interaction adaption
subject: 620

description: Cognitive modeling of human behavior has advanced the understanding of underlying processes in several domains of psychology and cognitive science. In this article, we outline how we expect cognitive modeling to improve comprehension of individual cognitive processes in human-agent interaction and, particularly, human-robot interaction (HRI). We argue that cognitive models offer advantages compared to data-analytical models, specifically for research questions with expressed interest in theories of cognitive functions. However, the implementation of cognitive models is arguably more complex than common statistical procedures. Additionally, cognitive modeling paradigms typically have an explicit commitment to an underlying computational theory. We propose a conceptual framework for designing cognitive models that aims to identify whether the use of cognitive modeling is applicable to a given research question. The framework consists of five external and internal aspects related to the modeling process: research question, level of analysis, modeling paradigms, computational properties, and iterative model development. In addition to deriving our framework from a concise literature analysis, we discuss challenges and potentials of cognitive modeling. We expect cognitive models to leverage personalized human behavior prediction, agent behavior generation, and interaction pretraining as well as adaptation, which we outline with application examples from personalized HRI.
description: Front. Psychol.;11
Asymmetric Landau bands due to spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Erlingsson, Sigurdur I.
name: Manolescu, Andrei
name: Marinescu, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Landau bands obtained in a two-dimensional lateral semiconductor superlattice with spin-orbit coupling (SOC) of the Rashba/Dresselhaus type, linear in the electron momentum, placed in a tilted magnetic field, do not follow the symmetry of the spatial modulation. Moreover, this phenomenology is found to depend on the relative tilt of magnetic field and on the SOC type: a) when only Rashba SOC exists and the magnetic field is tilted in the direction of the superlattice b) Dresselhaus SOC exists and the magnetic field is tilted in the direction perpendicular to the superlattice. Consequently, measurable properties of the modulated system become anisotropic in a tilted magnetic field when the field is conically rotated around the $z$ axis, at a fixed polar angle, as we demonstrate by calculating the resistivity and the magnetization.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Neuartiger CMOS-kompatibler nanostrukturierter Vakuumsensor
Creators: name: Giebel, Friederike
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: MEMS
subject: Sensorik
subject: Vakuumelektronik
subject: Gaselektronik
subject: Nanotechnologie
subject: Adsorption
subject: Ladungsträgerbeweglichkeit
subject: Wasserstoffversprödung
subject: 620
subject: MEMS
subject: Adsorption
subject: Sensorik, Elektronik

description: Während Mikro- und Nanosensoren in einigen Sensorkategorien bekanntermaßen seit Jahren zum Stand der Technik gehören und Teil des täglichen Lebens sind, werden im Bereich der Vakuummeter weiterhin überwiegend herkömmliche Sensoren und Messgeräte verwendet. Obwohl zahlreiche wissenschaftliche Arbeiten aus den vergangenen Jahrzehnten die Entwicklung von Mikro- und Nano-Vakuumsensoren thematisieren, haben diese sich bisher noch nicht gegen herkömmliche Messzellen durchgesetzt. In diesem Buch wird daher ein neuartiges Konzept zur Entwicklung miniaturisierter Vakuumsensoren vorgestellt, das sich die physikalischen Besonderheiten einer Mikrostruktur zunutze macht. Aus der theoretischen Betrachtung der physikalischen Mechanismen in einer miniaturisierten Gasstrecke werden zwei analytische Modelle entwickelt, die den Stromfluss zwischen zwei großflächigen Elektroden in geringem Abstand beschreiben. Hergestellt wird der Sensorchip mittels CMOS-kompatibler Prozessschritte aus der Planartechnologie und zeichnet sich durch eine gute Empfindlichkeit über einen Druckbereich von mehr als sieben Größenordnungen bei geringer Leistungsaufnahme aus. Es werden die Ergebnisse der Charakterisierung verschiedener nanostrukturierter Sensorchips erläutert und die Vergleichbarkeit mit anderen aktuellen Ansätzen zur Entwicklung von MEMS-Vakuumsensoren diskutiert.
Replication Archive for "Why is Mommy So Stressed? Estimating the Immediate Impact of the COVID-19 Shock on Parental Attachment to the Labor Market and the Double Bind of Mothers
Creators: name: Heggeness, Misty L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: labor supply
parenthood
gender

description: This replication archive contains three files. A public use CPS file for January-May of 2019 and 2020, a file of dates for state school closures and stay-at-home orders, and a Stata .do file that reproduces the results in the referenced paper.
Singular cosmological evolution using canonical and phantom scalar fields
Creators: name: Nojiri, Shin'ichi
name: Odintsov, S. D.
name: Oikonomou, V. K.
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that finite time singularities of Type IV can be consistently incorporated in the Universe's cosmological evolution, either appearing in the inflationary era, or in the late-time regime. While using only one scalar field instabilities can in principle occur at the time of the phantom-divide crossing, when two fields are involved we are able to avoid such instabilities. Additionally, the two-field scalar-tensor theories prove to be able to offer a plethora of possible viable cosmological scenarios, at which various types of cosmological singularities can be realized. Amongst others, it is possible to describe inflation with the appearance of a Type IV singularity, and phantom late-time acceleration which ends in a Big Rip. Finally, for completeness, we also present the Type IV realization in the context of suitably reconstructed $F(R)$ gravity.
description: Revised version, to appear in JCAP
SNIa Host Galaxy Properties and the Dust Extinction Distribution
Creators: name: Holwerda, B. W.
name: Reynolds, A.
name: Smith, M.
name: Kraan-Korteweg, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernovae Type Ia display a complex relation with their host galaxies. An important prior to the fit of the supernovae's lightcurve is the distribution of host galaxy extinction values that can be encountered. The SDSS-SN project has published light curve fits using both MLCS2k2 and SALT2. We use the former fits extinction parameter ($A_V$) to map this distribution of extinction values. We explore the dependence of this distribution on four observables; the inclination of the host galaxy disk, radial position of the supernova, redshift of the supernova and host, and the level of star-formation in the host galaxy. The distribution of $A_V$ values encountered by supernovae is typically characterised by: $\rm N_0 ~ e^{-A_V/τ}$, with $τ$= 0.4 or 0.33. We find that the inclination correction using an infinitely thin disk for the SNIa is sufficient, resulting in similar exponential $A_V$ distributions for high- and low-inclination disks. The $A_V$ distribution also depends on the radial position in the disk, consistent with previous results on the transparency of spiral disks. The distribution of $A_V$ values narrows with increased star-formation, possibly due to the destruction or dispersion of the dusty ISM by stellar winds prior to the ignition of the supernova. In future supernova searches, certainly the inclination of the host galaxy disk, should be considered in the construction of the \av \ prior with $τ=0.4/cos(i)$ as the most likely prior in each individual host galaxy's case.
description: 10 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication by MNRAS
Relationship Between Game-Based Learning and Mathematics Achievement of Grade Seven Students in a Middle Secondary School in Bhutan
Creators: name: Jigme, Karma
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2017
Subjects: Attitude Toward Mathematics
Game-based Learning
Mathematics Achievement
การเรียนรู้ผ่านเกม
ผลสัมฤทธิ์ทางการเรียนวิชาคณิตศาสตร์
เจตคติที่มีต่อวิชาคณิตศาสตร์

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 11, 1, 1-12
Adolescent Binge Alcohol Enhances Early Alzheimer’s Disease Pathology in Adulthood Through Proinflammatory Neuroimmune Activation
Creators: name: Nikolova, Viktoriya D.
name: Coleman, Leon G.
name: Vetreno, Ryan P.
name: Rohlman, Aaron
name: Moy, Sheryl S.
name: David, Emeraghi
name: Barnett, Alexandra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Epidemiological studies suggest that heavy alcohol use early in life is associated with increased risk for Alzheimer’s disease (AD). However, mechanisms connecting AD with alcohol use have not been identified. Both heavy alcohol use and AD feature increased proinflammatory signaling. Therefore, we hypothesized that adolescent binge ethanol would increase AD molecular and behavioral pathology in adulthood through proinflammatory signaling. The 3xTg-AD mouse model (APPSwe, tauP301, Psen1tm1Mpm) which features amyloid (Aβ) and tau pathology beginning at 6–12 months underwent adolescent intermittent ethanol (AIE, 5 g/kg/d, i.g., P25-55) with assessment of AD pathologic mediators at P200. A second group of mice received AIE +/− minocycline (30 mg/kg/d, IP) followed by behavioral testing in adulthood. Behavioral testing and age of testing included: locomotor activity and exploration (27–28 weeks), novel object recognition (NORT, 28-30 weeks), 3-chamber sociability and social memory (29–31 weeks), prepulse inhibition (PPI, 30–32 weeks), Morris Water Maze with reversal (MWM, 31–35 weeks), and Piezo sleep monitoring (35–37 weeks). We found that AIE increased levels of neurotoxic Aβ1–42 in adult female hippocampus as well as intraneuronal Aβ1–42 in amygdala and entorhinal cortex. Phosphorylated tau at residue Thr181 (p-tau-181) was also increased in female hippocampus by AIE. Several proinflammatory genes were persistently increased by AIE in the female hippocampus, including IL-1β, MCP-1, IL-6, and IFNα. Expression of these genes was strongly correlated with the levels of Aβ1–42 and p-tau-181 in hippocampus. AIE caused persistent decreases in locomotor activity (open-field and NORT habituation) and increased anxiety-like behavior (thigmotaxis) while reducing memory retention. Treatment with the anti-inflammatory compound minocycline during AIE blocked persistent increases in Aβ1–42 in amygdala and p-tau-181 in hippocampus, and prevented AIE-induced thigmotaxis and memory loss. Together, these data find that adolescent binge ethanol enhances AD molecular and behavioral pathology in adulthood through proinflammatory signaling. Blockade of proinflammatory signaling during ethanol exposure prevents ethanol-induced effects on pathologic accumulation of AD-associated proteins and persistent behavior changes relevant to human AD.
A New Channel for the Formation of Kinematically Decoupled Cores in Early-type galaxies
Creators: name: Tsatsi, Athanasia
name: Macciò, Andrea V.
name: van de Ven, Glenn
name: Moster, Benjamin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the formation of a Kinematically Decoupled Core (KDC) in an elliptical galaxy, resulting from a major merger simulation of two disk galaxies. We show that although the two progenitor galaxies are initially following a prograde orbit, strong reactive forces during the merger can cause a short-lived change of their orbital spin; the two progenitors follow a retrograde orbit right before their final coalescence. This results in a central kinematic decoupling and the formation of a large-scale (~2 kpc radius) counter-rotating core (CRC) at the center of the final elliptical-like merger remnant (M*=1.3x10^11 Msun), while its outer parts keep the rotation direction of the initial orbital spin. The stellar velocity dispersion distribution of the merger remnant galaxy exhibits two symmetrical off-centered peaks, comparable to the observed "2-sigma galaxies". The KDC/CRC consists mainly of old, pre-merger population stars (older than 5 Gyr), remaining prominent in the center of the galaxy for more than 2 Gyr after the coalescence of its progenitors. Its properties are consistent with KDCs observed in massive elliptical galaxies. This new channel for the formation of KDCs from prograde mergers is in addition to previously known formation scenarios from retrograde mergers and can help towards explaining the substantial fraction of KDCs observed in early-type galaxies.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
A High-Throughput Toxicity Screen of 42 Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFAS) and Functional Assessment of Migration and Gene Expression in Human Placental Trophoblast Cells
Creators: name: Blake, Bevin E.
name: Rickard, Brittany P.
name: Fenton, Suzanne E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have become ubiquitous environmental contaminants that have been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes in women and experimental research models. Adverse developmental and reproductive outcomes have been investigated for relatively few PFAS, and such studies are not scalable to address the thousands of unique chemical structures. As the placenta has been reported as a PFAS target tissue, the human placental trophoblast JEG-3 cell line was employed in a high-throughput toxicity screen (HTTS) to evaluate the effects of 42 unique PFAS on viability, proliferation, and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). HTTS concentration-response curve fitting determined EC50 values for 79% of tested compounds for at least one of the three endpoints. Trophoblast migratory potential was evaluated for a subset of six prioritized PFAS using a scratch wound assay. Migration, measured as the percent of wound closure after 72 h, was most severely inhibited by exposure to 100 µM perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA; 72% closure), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS; 57% closure), or ammonium perfluoro-2-methyl-3-oxahexanoate (GenX; 79% closure). PFOA and GenX were subsequently evaluated for disrupted expression of 46 genes reported to be vital to trophoblast health. Disrupted regulation of oxidative stress was suggested by altered expression of GPEX1 (300 µM GenX and 3 µM GenX), GPER1 (300 µM GenX), and SOD1 and altered cellular response to xenobiotic stress was indicated by upregulation of the placental efflux transporter, ABCG2 (300 µM GenX, 3 µM GenX, and 100 µM PFOA). These findings suggest the placenta is potentially a direct target of PFAS exposure and indicate that trophoblast cell gene expression and function are disrupted at PFAS levels well below the calculated cytotoxicity threshold (EC50). Future work is needed to determine the mechanism(s) of action of PFAS towards placental trophoblasts.
ADABIYOTDA SEMIOTIKA VA RAMZLAR
Creators: name: Norova, Mexri
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: ushbu tezisda semiotika, semiotikaning tabiati hamda adabiyotdagi ramzlar haqida ma'lumotlar berilgan. Semiotika va belgilarning turlari, ularning turli sohalardagi ahamyati, bundan tashqari adabiyot sohasida semiotika va ramzlar o'rtasidagi munosabatni ko'rishimiz mumkin
(500008) George Price Greenfield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500018) Wm Greenfield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Editorial: Genetics and Molecular Mechanisms of Oral and Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Creators: name: Wu, Di
name: Wang, Die
name: Li, Shuaize
name: Qiao, Bin
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common histopathological type of oral cancer,
with typical characteristics of low 5-year survival rate and poor prognosis (1, 2). Importantly, there
are many factors affecting its occurrence and progression, in which genome alterations are critical
indicators of the proper diagnosis and treatment (3). Carcinogenesis is a multi-step process, which
involves the accumulation of genetic and epigenetic changes of oncogenes or tumor suppressor
genes (4).Therefore, better understanding of the genetic and molecular disorders of the disease is the
key to early diagnosis, appropriate treatment and improving the prognosis of patients.
Impact of Federal, State, and Local Housing Policies on Disparities in Cardiovascular Disease in Black/African American Men and Women: From Policy to Pathways to Biology
Creators: name: Winn, Robert A.
name: Sanchez-Pino, Maria Dulfary
name: Jones, Veronica
name: Ochoa, Augusto C.
name: Miranda-Carboni, Gustavo
name: Wright, Nikita
name: Tolbert, Nora
name: Dietze, Eric C.
name: Martinez, Ernest
name: George, Sophia
name: Erhunmwunsee, Loretta
name: Seewaldt, Victoria L.
name: Hyslop, Terry
name: Sistrunk, Christopher
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Racist and discriminatory federal, state, and local housing policies significantly contribute to disparities in cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality for individuals that self-identify as Black or African American. Here we highlight three key housing policies – “redlining,” zoning, and the construction of highways – which have wrought a powerful, sustained, and destructive impact on cardiovascular health in Black/African American communities. Redlining and highway construction policies have restricted access to quality health care, increased exposure to carcinogens such as PM2.5, and increased exposure to extreme heat. At the root of these policy decisions are longstanding, toxic societal factors including racism, segregation, and discrimination, which also serve to perpetuate racial inequities in cardiovascular health. Here, we review these societal and structural factors and then link them with biological processes such as telomere shortening, allostatic load, oxidative stress, and tissue inflammation. Lastly, we focus on the impact of inflammation on the immune system and the molecular mechanisms by which the inflamed immune microenvironment promotes the formation of atherosclerotic plaques. We propose that racial residential segregation and discrimination increases tissue inflammation and cytokine production, resulting in dysregulated immune signaling, which promotes plaque formation and cardiovascular disease. This framework has the power to link structural racism not only to cardiovascular disease, but also to cancer.
The quantum eraser does not always erase
Creators: name: Cardoso, António
name: Cordovil, João L.
name: Croca, José R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we will first look at a particular quantum eraser setup to show that this type of experiments can be understood in an intuitive manner if we are willing to take a complex nonlinear approach, without the need to invoke Niels Bohr's complementarity or quantum entanglement between two particles. We will then discuss a recent experiment of the same type that does not erase the interference pattern when which-path information is available, and argue that this result is in clear contradiction with the orthodox interpretation of quantum mechanics but perfectly understandable in the framework of nonlinear quantum physics.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures
Systematics of nucleon density distributions and neutron skin of nuclei
Creators: name: Seif, W. M.
name: Mansour, Hesham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Proton and neutron density profiles of 760 nuclei in the mass region of A=16-304are analyzed using the Skyrme energy density for the parameter set SLy4. Simple formulae are obtained to fit the resulting radii and diffuseness data. These formulae may be useful to estimate the values of the unmeasured radii, and especially in extrapolating charge radius values for nuclei which are far from the valley of stability or to perform analytic calculations for bound and/or scattering problems. The obtained neutron and proton root-mean-square radii and the neutron skin thicknesses are in agreement with the available experimental data.
description: 14 pages,5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1003.5225 by other authors
(500019) Charlotte [Greenfield]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Non-monotonicity of trace distance under tensor products
Creators: name: Maziero, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The trace distance (TD) possesses several of the good properties required for a faithful distance measure in the quantum state space. Despite its importance and ubiquitous use in quantum information science, one of its questionable features, its possible non-monotonicity under taking tensor products of its arguments (NMuTP), has been hitherto unexplored. In this article we advance analytical and numerical investigations of this issue considering different classes of states living in a discrete and finite dimensional Hilbert space. Our results reveal that although this property of TD does not shows up for pure states and for some particular classes of mixed states, it is present in a non-negligible fraction of the regarded density operators. Hence, even though the percentage of quartets of states leading to the NMuTP drawback of TD and its strength decrease as the system's dimension grows, this property of TD must be taken into account before using it as a figure of merit for distinguishing mixed quantum states.
Conference Abstract - In Their Own Words: Young Adults Perceptions of Health and Health Enhancing Behaviours
Creators: name: McCaffrey, Tracy
name: Molenaar, Annika
name: Choi, Tammie
name: Brennan, Linda
name: Shinyi Chin
name: Reid, Mike
name: Truby, Helen
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 111199 Nutrition and Dietetics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 150502 Marketing Communications
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150599 Marketing not elsewhere classified
subject: 111104 Public Nutrition Intervention

description: Conference abstract titled 'In Their Own Words: Young Adults Perceptions of Health and Health Enhancing Behaviours'.
Presented by Dr. Tracy McCaffrey at the 18th meeting of the International Society of Behavioural Nutrition and Physical Activity (ISBNPA), in Prague, Czech Republic, held on the 4th-7th of June 2019.
A link to the conference poster is found below (Molenaar et al, 2019, DOI 10.26180/5db8e7872284c)
Sensory Experiences and Children With Severe Disabilities: Impacts on Learning
Creators: name: Agostine, Susan
name: D'Ardenne, Charna
name: Erickson, Karen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The human sensory system is continuously engaged in experiencing and interpreting every interaction with other living beings, objects, and the environment. The purpose of this article is to describe the impact limited opportunities for rich sensory experiences have on students with severe disabilities in two middle school classrooms situated in a public separate school in the southeastern USA. The study employed a postcritical ethnographic approach and grounded theory thematic analysis of fieldnotes gathered over a two-year period. Three major themes supported by the data are presented and discussed in depth. They are: (a) students are afforded limited sensory rich experiences, (b) everyday routines make students passive recipients to school, and (c) instructional approaches result in little interaction with extended periods of waiting. The implications of the findings for improved sensory experiences and possible future directions are described.
A Study of Cultural Differences Between Thai and Japanese Language Teachers in the Secondary Schools of Educational Service Area Offices 3 and 4: Hofstede’s Cultural Dimensions Theory
Creators: name: Hashi, Tomoko
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2017
Subjects: Hofstede’s cultural dimensions
Japanese language teacher
secondary schools in Thailand
ครูสอนภาษาชาวญี่ปุ่น
มิติความหลากหลายทางวัฒนธรรมธรรมของฮอฟสเตด
โรงเรียนมัธยมศึกษาในประเทศไทย

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 11, 1, 13-25
การเตรียมความพร้อมด้านทักษะด้านสารสนเทศ สื่อ และเทคโนโลยีสู่ความเป็นอาเซียน ของนักศึกษามหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครศรีธรรมราช
Creators: name: กรวรรณ สืบสม
Publisher: name: ศูนย์สนับสนุนและพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน มหาวิทยาลัยรังสิต
Year: 2017
Subjects: Asian Community
Attitude
Attitude, Awareness, Asian Community
Awareness
Information Technology
ความตระหนักรู้
ประชาคมอาเซียน
เจตคติ
เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ

description: วารสารพัฒนาการเรียนการสอน, 11, 1, 26-38
(500004) Eliza Greenfield
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Hemingway et al. ESM from Economic foraging in a floral marketplace: Asymmetrically dominated decoy effects in bumblebees
Creators: name: Hemingway, Claire T.
name: DeVore, Jennie
name: Muth, Felicity
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310399
subject: Ecology not elsewhere classified

description: electronic supplementary material
ANIR : Atacama Near-Infrared Camera for the 1.0-m miniTAO Telescope
Creators: name: Konishi, Masahiro
name: Motohara, Kentaro
name: Tateuchi, Ken
name: Takahashi, Hidenori
name: Kitagawa, Yutaro
name: Kato, Natsuko
name: Sako, Shigeyuki
name: Uchimoto, Yuka K.
name: Toshikawa, Koji
name: Ohsawa, Ryou
name: Yamamuro, Tomoyasu
name: Asano, Kentaro
name: Ita, Yoshifusa
name: Kamizuka, Takafumi
name: Komugi, Shinya
name: Koshida, Shintaro
name: Manabe, Sho
name: Matsunaga, Noriyuki
name: Minezaki, Takeo
name: Morokuma, Tomoki
name: Nakashima, Asami
name: Takagi, Toshinobu
name: Tanabé, Toshihiko
name: Uchiyama, Mizuho
name: Aoki, Tsutomu
name: Doi, Mamoru
name: Handa, Toshihiro
name: Kato, Daisuke
name: Kawara, Kimiaki
name: Kohno, Kotaro
name: Miyata, Takashi
name: Nakamura, Tomohiko
name: Okada, Kazushi
name: Soyano, Takao
name: Tamura, Yoichi
name: Tanaka, Masuo
name: Tarusawa, Ken'ichi
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a near-infrared camera called ANIR (Atacama Near-InfraRed camera) for the University of Tokyo Atacama Observatory 1.0m telescope (miniTAO) installed at the summit of Cerro Chajnantor (5640 m above sea level) in northern Chile. The camera provides a field of view of 5'.1 $\times$ 5'.1 with a spatial resolution of 0".298 /pixel in the wavelength range of 0.95 to 2.4 $μ$m. Taking advantage of the dry site, the camera is capable of hydrogen Paschen-$α$ (Pa$α$, $λ=$1.8751 $μ$m in air) narrow-band imaging observations, at which wavelength ground-based observations have been quite difficult due to deep atmospheric absorption mainly from water vapor. We have been successfully obtaining Pa$α$ images of Galactic objects and nearby galaxies since the first-light observation in 2009 with ANIR. The throughputs at the narrow-band filters ($N1875$, $N191$) including the atmospheric absorption show larger dispersion (~10%) than those at broad-band filters (a few %), indicating that they are affected by temporal fluctuations in Precipitable Water Vapor (PWV) above the site. We evaluate the PWV content via the atmospheric transmittance at the narrow-band filters, and derive that the median and the dispersion of the distribution of the PWV are 0.40+/-0.30 mm for $N1875$ and 0.37+/-0.21 mm for $N191$, which are remarkably smaller (49+/-38% for $N1875$ and 59+/-26% for $N191$) than radiometry measurements at the base of Cerro Chajnantor (5100 m alt.). The decrease in PWV can be explained by the altitude of the site when we assume that the vertical distribution of the water vapor is approximated at an exponential profile with scale heights within 0.3-1.9 km (previously observed values at night). We thus conclude that miniTAO/ANIR at the summit of Cerro Chajnantor indeed provides us an excellent capability for a "ground-based" Pa$α$ observation.
description: 14 pages, 12 figures, 5 tables, Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan (in press)
Medication Non-adherence and Condomless Anal Intercourse Increased Substantially During the COVID-19 Pandemic Among MSM PrEP Users: A Retrospective Cohort Study in Four Chinese Metropolises
Creators: name: Gao, Yangyang
name: Chen, Yaokai
name: Huang, Xiaojie
name: Wang, Zixin
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Jia, Le
name: Hu, Qinghai
name: Chu, Zhenxing
name: Xu, Junjie
name: Wang, Hongyi
name: Zhang, Lukun
name: Wang, Hui
name: Leuba, Sequoia I.
name: CROPrEP Study Team
name: Shang, Hong
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: BackgroundThe coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has impacted HIV prevention strategies globally. However, changes in pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) adherence and HIV-related behaviors, and their associations with medication adherence among men who have sex with men (MSM) PrEP users remain unclear since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsA Retrospective Cohort Study of HIV-negative MSM PrEP users was conducted in four Chinese metropolises from December 2018 to March 2020, assessing the changes in PrEP adherence and HIV-related behaviors before and during the COVID-19. The primary outcome was poor PrEP adherence determined from self-reported missing at least one PrEP dose in the previous month. We used multivariable logistic regression to determine factors correlated with poor adherence during COVID-19.ResultsWe enrolled 791 eligible participants (418 [52.8%] in daily PrEP and 373 [47.2%] in event-driven PrEP). Compared with the data conducted before the COVID-19, the proportion of PrEP users decreased from 97.9 to 64.3%, and the proportion of poor PrEP adherence increased from 23.6 to 50.1% during the COVID-19 [odds ratio (OR) 3.24, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.62–4.02]. While the percentage of condomless anal intercourse (CAI) with regular partners (11.8 vs. 25.7%) and with casual partners (4.4 vs. 9.0%) both significantly increased. The proportion of those who were tested for HIV decreased from 50.1 to 25.9%. Factors correlated with poor PrEP adherence during the COVID-19 included not being tested for HIV (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 1.38 [95% CI: 1.00, 1.91]), using condoms consistently with regular partners (vs. never, aOR = 2.19 [95% CI: 1.16, 4.13]), and being married or cohabitating with a woman (vs. not married, aOR = 3.08 [95% CI: 1.60, 5.95]).ConclusionsIncreased poor PrEP adherence and CAI along with the decrease in HIV testing can lead to an increase in HIV acquisition and drug resistance to PrEP. Targeted interventions are needed to improve PrEP adherence and HIV prevention strategies.
Adaptive Multimodal Neuroimage Integration for Major Depression Disorder Detection
Creators: name: Liu, Mingxia
name: Li, Long
name: Qiao, Lishan
name: Wang, Qianqian
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is one of the most common mental health disorders that can affect sleep, mood, appetite, and behavior of people. Multimodal neuroimaging data, such as functional and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, have been widely used in computer-aided detection of MDD. However, previous studies usually treat these two modalities separately, without considering their potentially complementary information. Even though a few studies propose integrating these two modalities, they usually suffer from significant inter-modality data heterogeneity. In this paper, we propose an adaptive multimodal neuroimage integration (AMNI) framework for automated MDD detection based on functional and structural MRIs. The AMNI framework consists of four major components: (1) a graph convolutional network to learn feature representations of functional connectivity networks derived from functional MRIs, (2) a convolutional neural network to learn features of T1-weighted structural MRIs, (3) a feature adaptation module to alleviate inter-modality difference, and (4) a feature fusion module to integrate feature representations extracted from two modalities for classification. To the best of our knowledge, this is among the first attempts to adaptively integrate functional and structural MRIs for neuroimaging-based MDD analysis by explicitly alleviating inter-modality heterogeneity. Extensive evaluations are performed on 533 subjects with resting-state functional MRI and T1-weighted MRI, with results suggesting the efficacy of the proposed method.