cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
GREEN'S FUNCTION METHODS FOR THE POLYHARMONIC EQUATION
Creators: name: Montemezzi, Marco Antonio
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 49
subject: Mathematical sciences

description: The solution of the polyharmonic equation $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u = 0 in a domain D, with conditions u = f$\sb0$ and normal derivatives ${\partial{\rm u}\over\partial\nu}$ = ${\rm f}\sb1,\dots,{\partial\sp{\rm m-1}{\rm u}\over\partial\nu\sp{\rm m-1}}$ = ${\rm f\sb{m-1}}$ on the boundary $\partial$D, is considered. The solution for two-dimensional domains is first obtained by the Green's function method. Green's second and third identities for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u are derived and used to show uniqueness of the solution. A polyharmonic Green's function G$\sb{\rm m}$(Q,P) is defined which eliminates nonprescribed boundary terms from Green's third identity for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u. This allows the value of a polyharmonic function at a point P of D to be represented by a line integral in terms of the given boundary data on $\partial$D. The symmetry of G$\sb{\rm m}$(Q,P) in Q and P is demonstrated. The polyharmonic Green's functions for the half-plane and for the disk are constructed for arbitrary m, and the invariance of their sign is proved. Solutions of the polyharmonic boundary value problem for the right half-plane and for the disk for m = 1, 2, 3, 4 are exhibited. The solutions of the polyharmonic boundary value problem for the right half-plane and for the disk are then also derived by a direct method, which avoids the use of the Green's functions. This method is based on a generalization, in complex form, of formulas first given by E. Goursat. For the right half-plane, a solution is obtained for arbitrary m; for the disk, solutions for m = 1, 2, 3 are displayed. The Green's functions and solution formulas for the biharmonic equation are also constructed for the half-hyperspace x$\sb{\rm n} >$ 0 and for hypersphere. A kernel function for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u = 0 is defined for m even and m = 1, and calculated for the disk for m = 1, 2, 4. For m = 1 and m = 2, the kernel function for the disk is expanded in a convergent bilinear series of harmonic functions which are orthonormal and complete with respect to an appropriately prescribed scalar product.
String Theory on Parallelizable PP-Waves
Creators: name: Sadri, Darius
name: Sheikh-Jabbari, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The most general parallelizable pp-wave backgrounds which are non-dilatonic solutions in the NS-NS sector of type IIA and IIB string theories are considered. We demonstrate that parallelizable pp-wave backgrounds are necessarily homogeneous plane-waves, and that a large class of homogeneous plane-waves are parallelizable, stating the necessary conditions. Such plane-waves can be classified according to the number of preserved supersymmetries. In type IIA, these include backgrounds preserving 16, 18, 20, 22 and 24 supercharges, while in the IIB case they preserve 16, 20, 24 or 28 supercharges. An intriguing property of parallelizable pp-wave backgrounds is that the bosonic part of these solutions are invariant under T-duality, while the number of supercharges might change under T-duality. Due to their α' exactness, they provide interesting backgrounds for studying string theory. Quantization of string modes, their compactification and behaviour under T-duality are studied. In addition, we consider BPS $Dp$-branes, and show that these $Dp$-branes can be classified in terms of the locations of their world volumes with respect to the background $H$-field.
description: Latex file, no figures, 41 pages; v4: Typos corrected, References added. The version to appear in JHEP
Circulocercopis fasciatus Liang & Webb 2002, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liang, A. - P.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cercopidae
Circulocercopis
Circulocercopis fasciatus

description: Circulocercopis fasciatus sp. nov.
(®gures 27±31)
Length: 5.8±6.2 mm, 6.6±7.0 mm.
Colour as in generic description with head and pronotum (®gure 27) with brown transverse bands and vertex with medial length 0.7 times narrowest transocular width.
Male genitalia with subgenital plate (®gure 28) with basal expanded area very small and apical process very elongate; style (®gure 29) with dorsal process apical, dorsal lobe broad; aedeagal shaft (®gure 31) strongly coiled apically.
 Etymology. This species is named for the distinct brown fasciae on vertex and pronotum.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE:, Vietnam: Dalat, 6 km S., 1400±1500 m, 9 June to 7 July 1961 (N. R. Spencer) (BPBM). PARATYPES: Vietnam: 2, same data as holotype; 1, 1, same data as holotype, but collected at light; 4, 3, Dalat, 1500 m, 26± 27 September 1960 (C. M. Yoshimoto); 1, Fyan, 900±1000 m, 11 July to 9 August 1961 (N. R. Spencer) (BPBM, BMNH). Laos: 1, Sedone Province, Paksong, light, 17 May 1965 (P. D. Ashlock) (BPBM). China: 3, Yunnan, Pingbian, Mt Daweishan, 1500 m, 19, 22 June 1956 (K.- R. Huang et al.); 1, Xishuangbanna, Menghai, 1200±1600 m, 20 July 1958 (F.-J. Pu) (IZCAS).
 Distribution. Vietnam, Laos, southwestern China (Yunnan).
 Remarks. This species can be distinguished by the brown fasciae on the head and thorax and by the shape of the male genitalia as noted above.
description: Published as part of Liang, A. - P. & Webb, M. D., 2002, New taxa and revisionary notes in Rhinaulacini spittlebugs from southern Asia (Homoptera: Cercopidae), pp. 729-756 in Journal of Natural History 36 (6) on pages 738-740, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062336, http://zenodo.org/record/4757353
X-Ray Endovascular Treatment of “Critical” Thromboembolism of the Pulmonary Artery in Patients with Acute Cerebral Blood Circulation by Hemorrhagic Type
Creators: name: S.A. Fеdorov
name: A.P. Medvedev
name: A.M. Khomenko
name: Yu.D. Brichkin
name: A.V. Deryugina
name: L.M. Tselousova
name: V.V. Pichugin
name: S.A. Zhurko
name: S. Kulkarni
name: D.A. Danilova
Publisher: name: Opera Medica et Physiologica
Year: 2021
Subjects: catheter endovascular fragmentation of blood clots
critical PE
hemorrhagic stroke.

description: Purpose of the study: substantiation of indications and assessment of results X-ray endovascular treatment of "critical" PE in patients with acute hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident. Material and methods: the study included 47 patients with acute violation of cerebral circulation for hemorrhagic and mixed types complicated by massive pulmonary thromboembolism of high risk, with "critical" manifestations of right ventricular failure. Depending on the method of PE treatment used, the patients were divided into 2 groups: the study group (17 people), in which endovascular mechanical fragmentation of thromboembols was performed, and the control group (30 people), in which only basic intensive therapy was used. Results: patients of the study group underwent thromboembolic fragmentation in order to transfer embolism of the trunk and the main branches into embolism of smaller branches of the pulmonary artery. Technical success of the procedure (destruction of the central thromboembolus) was achieved in 100% of the cases. 14 patients (82.4%) showed positive clinical dynamics in the form of an improvement in the general condition, a decrease in pressure in the pulmonary artery, and a decrease in the volume of the lesion of the pulmonary bed according to CT angiography. Three patients (17.6%) died in the early postoperative period. In the control group of 30 patients, 25 patients died, hospital mortality was 83.3%. Conclusion: the method of catheter endovascular fragmentation of thrombi for the treatment of "critical" pulmonary embolism in patients with acute hemorrhagic cerebrovascular accident leads to a rapid and safe decrease in pulmonary artery pressure.
COVID-19 Working Paper: The COVID-19 Pandemic and Changes in Greenfield Foreign Direct Investment in Africa
Creators: name: Farris, Jarrad
name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Johnson, Michael E.
name: Farris, Jarrad
name: Morgan, Stephen
name: Johnson, Michael E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: COVID-19
subject: Coronavirus pandemic
subject: Africa
subject: FDI
subject: greenfield foreign direct investment
subject: fiscal policy
subject: USDA
subject: U.S. Department of Agriculture
subject: ERS
subject: Economic Research Service

description: Africa is expected to be a key emerging market for international trade and investment due to rising consumer incomes and a population that is projected to double in size by 2050. However, the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic led to major disruptions to markets and incomes in Africa that may have altered companies’ investment decisions. This paper addresses this issue by evaluating how the COVID-19 pandemic may have shifted trends in greenfield foreign direct investment (GFDI) in the region. The authors examined changes in the magnitude and composition of GFDI in Africa coinciding with the pandemic. The authors found that the onset of the pandemic in 2020 is associated with a large drop in GFDI in Africa. This reduction has been relatively persistent—while GFDI in Africa increased moderately in 2021 relative to 2020, it remains below historical levels. The authors also found substantial sector-specific variations coinciding with the pandemic. For example, GFDI in the food and beverages sector declined 34 percent in 2020 (relative to its 2010–19 annual average), while the communications sector experienced a more than 100-percent increase in 2020 GFDI. Finally, the authors found no association between countries’ differing COVID-19 fiscal policy responses and GFDI in the short term.
A naturally emerging bivariate Mittag-Leffler function and associated fractional-calculus operators
Creators: name: Fernandez, Arran
name: Kürt, Cemaliye
name: Özarslan, Mehmet Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define an analogue of the classical Mittag-Leffler function which is applied to two variables, and establish its basic properties. Using a corresponding single-variable function with fractional powers, we define an associated fractional integral operator which has many interesting properties. The motivation for these definitions is twofold: firstly their link with some fundamental fractional differential equations involving two independent fractional orders, and secondly the fact that they emerge naturally from certain applications in bioengineering.
title: Example-based learning in heuristic domains: can using relevant content knowledge support the effective allocation of intrinsic, extraneous, and germane cognitive load?
Creators: name: Udvardi-Lakos, Nina
name: Weirich, Marlene
name: Asbrand, Julia
name: Renkl, Alexander
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: worked examples
subject: example-based learning
subject: exemplifying domain
subject: argumentation
subject: cognitive load theory
subject: skill acquisition
subject: 150 Psychologie

description: Introduction: Worked examples support initial skill acquisition. They often show skill application on content knowledge from another, “exemplifying” domain (e.g., argumentation skills have to be applied to some contents). Although learners’ focus should remain on the skill, learners need to understand the content knowledge to benefit from worked examples. Previous studies relied on exemplifying domains that are familiar and contain simple topics, to keep learners’ focus on skill acquisition. Aim: We examined whether using a relevant exemplifying domain would allow learners to acquire both skills and content knowledge simultaneously, or whether relevant content distracts from the main learning goal of skill acquisition. Methods and results: In a training study with 142 psychology students, we used example-based learning materials with an exemplifying domain that was either relevant or irrelevant for participants’ course outcomes. We assessed cognitive load, declarative knowledge about skills and course-related content knowledge, and argumentation quality. Incorporating relevant content knowledge in worked examples did not reduce learning outcomes compared to a condition using an irrelevant exemplifying domain. Discussion: Contrary to previous research, the results suggest that worked examples with a relevant exemplifying domain could possibly be an efficient teaching method for fostering skills and content knowledge simultaneously.
GREEN'S FUNCTION METHODS FOR THE POLYHARMONIC EQUATION
Creators: name: Montemezzi, Marco Antonio
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The solution of the polyharmonic equation $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u = 0 in a domain D, with conditions u = f$\sb0$ and normal derivatives ${\partial{\rm u}\over\partial\nu}$ = ${\rm f}\sb1,\dots,{\partial\sp{\rm m-1}{\rm u}\over\partial\nu\sp{\rm m-1}}$ = ${\rm f\sb{m-1}}$ on the boundary $\partial$D, is considered. The solution for two-dimensional domains is first obtained by the Green's function method. Green's second and third identities for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u are derived and used to show uniqueness of the solution. A polyharmonic Green's function G$\sb{\rm m}$(Q,P) is defined which eliminates nonprescribed boundary terms from Green's third identity for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u. This allows the value of a polyharmonic function at a point P of D to be represented by a line integral in terms of the given boundary data on $\partial$D. The symmetry of G$\sb{\rm m}$(Q,P) in Q and P is demonstrated. The polyharmonic Green's functions for the half-plane and for the disk are constructed for arbitrary m, and the invariance of their sign is proved. Solutions of the polyharmonic boundary value problem for the right half-plane and for the disk for m = 1, 2, 3, 4 are exhibited. The solutions of the polyharmonic boundary value problem for the right half-plane and for the disk are then also derived by a direct method, which avoids the use of the Green's functions. This method is based on a generalization, in complex form, of formulas first given by E. Goursat. For the right half-plane, a solution is obtained for arbitrary m; for the disk, solutions for m = 1, 2, 3 are displayed. The Green's functions and solution formulas for the biharmonic equation are also constructed for the half-hyperspace x$\sb{\rm n} >$ 0 and for hypersphere. A kernel function for $\Delta\sp{\rm m}$u = 0 is defined for m even and m = 1, and calculated for the disk for m = 1, 2, 4. For m = 1 and m = 2, the kernel function for the disk is expanded in a convergent bilinear series of harmonic functions which are orthonormal and complete with respect to an appropriately prescribed scalar product.
Circulocercopis sinuatus Liang & Webb 2002, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liang, A. - P.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cercopidae
Circulocercopis
Circulocercopis sinuatus

description: Circulocercopis sinuatus sp. nov.
(®gures 6±10)
Length: 5.8±6.0 mm, 6.8 mm.
External characters as in generic description with head and pronotum with brown transverse bands and markings on fore wings indistinct; vertex with medial length 0.9 times narrowest transocular width.
Male genitalia with subgenital plate (®gure 7) with expanded basal area similar in length to apical process; style (®gure 10) with dorsal process subapical, dorsal lobe acuminate; aedeagal shaft in lateral aspect (®gure 6) with ®liform distal half sinuate.
 Etymology. This species is named based on the shape of its aedeagal shaft.
 Material examined. HOLOTYPE:, China: Guangxi, Napo, Defu, 1300 m, 16 August 1998 (T.- L. He) (IZCAS). PARATYPES: China: 1, same data as holotype; 1, same data as holotype, except, 15 August 1998 (W.-Z. Li); 1, same data except, 15 August 1998 (F.-S. Huang) (IZCAS, BMNH).
 Distribution. South-west China (south Guangxi).
 Remarks. This species can be distinguished by its longer vertex and sinuate rather than apically coiled aedeagal shaft.
description: Published as part of Liang, A. - P. & Webb, M. D., 2002, New taxa and revisionary notes in Rhinaulacini spittlebugs from southern Asia (Homoptera: Cercopidae), pp. 729-756 in Journal of Natural History 36 (6) on page 740, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062336, http://zenodo.org/record/4757353
Anisotropies in Ultrahigh Energy Cosmic Rays
Creators: name: Swain, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present status of anisotropy studies for the highest energy cosmic rays is presented including the first full sky survey. Directions and prospects for the future are also discussed in light of new statistical methods and the last quantities of data expected in the near future from the Pierre Auger Observatory.
description: Invited talk at the 10th Marcel Grossmann Meeting in Rio de Janeiro, 20-26 July 2003
Kanozata Matsumura 1940
Creators: name: Liang, A. - P.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cercopidae
Kanozata

description: Kanozata Matsumura
 Kanozata Matsumura, 1940: 67. Type species: K. arisana Matsumura 1940, by original designation.
 Remarks. Previously this genus was known only from its type species, but three other species are tentatively included here. Two of these, K. contermina (Distant) and K. shillongana (Distant), were originally described in Au W dus, a genus characterized by its sulcate fore tibia which is lacking in these two species. Based on the absence of the sulcus on the fore tibia Lallemand (1949) questioned the placement of shillonganus and Chou et al. (1988) transferred it to Stenaulophrys. Despite the diOEerences between arisana and the other three species (see key) all have similar male genitalia (®gures 1, 2) with an elongate pygofer, strongly recurved and elongate aedeagal shaft and caliper-like, lanceolate subgenital plates with narrow base and membranous outer margin.
description: Published as part of Liang, A. - P. & Webb, M. D., 2002, New taxa and revisionary notes in Rhinaulacini spittlebugs from southern Asia (Homoptera: Cercopidae), pp. 729-756 in Journal of Natural History 36 (6) on page 740, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062336, http://zenodo.org/record/4757353
U.S. Agricultural Exports to Colombia: Rising Sales in Response to Trade Liberalization and Changing Consumer Trends
Creators: name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Puerto, Sergio
name: Zahniser, Steven
name: Li, Jie
name: Gomez, Miguel I.
name: Puerto, Sergio
name: Zahniser, Steven
name: Li, Jie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: International Development
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Production Economics
subject: Public Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Colombia
subject: United States
subject: agricultural trade
subject: food trade
subject: Colombia-U.S. Trade Promotion Agreement
subject: TPA
subject: consumer trends,
subject: corn
subject: soybeans
subject: pork
subject: wheat
subject: distillers’ dried grains with solubles
subject: DDGS
subject: rice
subject: ethanol
subject: bottled water
subject: cheese

description: This report explores the performance of U.S. agricultural exports to Colombia over the past decade (2009-19), giving emphasis to leading product categories that show opportunities for further export expansion. Increasing income, an expanding middle class, and dietary changes have led to greater demand for the types of agricultural products imported from the United States. These products include not only bulk commodities (such as grains, oilseeds, and meat) but also less traditional imports—such as pack-aged food, fuel ethanol, and convenience-store items. This process has been facilitated by the Colombia-U.S. Trade Promotion Agreement (TPA), allowing for substantial gains in the market share of U.S. agricultural suppliers in Colombian food consumption. The impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic on Colombian agricultural trade is not comprehensively addressed in this report. However, our analysis highlights the market opportunities that showed promise for Colombia’s foreign and domes-tic agricultural suppliers prior to the pandemic as a benchmark for policymaking and future research.
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MULTINATIONAL INVESTMENT ON THE KOREAN ECONOMY
Creators: name: Moon, Seong Rae
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Over the last two and half decades, the role of multinational investment in the development process of host less developed countries (LDC's) has long been a subject of controversy. This study is intended to examine the performances of multinational investment in Korea and to evaluate its contribution to the Korean economy. Like other LDC's, the Korean government has been enthusiastic in attracting multinational investment. However, the Korean government has tried to remedy the perceived abuses of multinationals and thereby to maximize the contribution of multinationals to Korea's economic development. Due to such efforts, it appears that multinationals have contributed to increasing the level of employment in Korea. Indeed, multinationals have had a greater absorptive capacity for unskilled labor than indigenous Korean firms in many export-oriented industries such as textiles and electronics. As for the effect on the market structure, it appears that multinationals have not increased market concentration significantly in Korea. Although multinationals have captured an increasing percentage of the domestic market in some industries such as other chemicals, basic metals, and transportations, they nevertheless have started to give up a certain percentage of the domestic markets in many other export-oriented industries. Regarding the effect on domestic investment, which is the main topic of this dissertation, it also appears that multinationals have contributed to capital formation for investment in Korea. Relatively, multinationals have been unimportant sources of capital inflows in Korea. Also they finance a very small proportion of their capital requirement from local sources in Korea. At the same time, it is also observed that multinationals have not taken out more than they have put in. Furthermore, the regression results based on the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) show that multinationals have contributed to supplementing domestic investment by not increasing domestic consumption significantly. Despite the indications of overall benefits from multinational investment, however, several policies are needed for the more efficient inducement of multinational investment and for the maximum contribution of such investment to the Korean economy: Limited open door policy, further simplification of investment procedures, diversification of investing countries, simplification of investment incentives, and the maintenance of political stability.
A domain wall description of brane inflation and observational aspects
Creators: name: Neves, R. M. P.
name: Santos, F. F.
name: Brito, F. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a brane cosmology scenario by taking an inflating 3D domain wall immersed in a five-dimensional Minkowski space in the presence of a stack of $N$ parallel domain walls. They are static BPS solutions of the bosonic sector of a 5D supergravity theory. However, one can move towards each other due to an attractive force in between driven by bulk particle collisions and {\it resonant tunneling effect}. The accelerating domain wall is a 3-brane that is assumed to be our inflating early Universe. We analyze this inflationary phase governed by the inflaton potential induced on the brane. We compute the slow-roll parameters and show that the spectral index and the tensor-to-scalar ratio are within the recent observational data.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure; version published in PLB
Cauchy horizons in Gowdy space times
Creators: name: Chruściel, Piotr T.
name: Lake, Kayll
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyse exhaustively the structure of \emph{non-degenerate} Cauchy horizons in Gowdy space-times, and we establish existence of a large class of non-polarized Gowdy space-times with such horizons. Added in proof: Our results here, together with deep new results of H. Ringström (talk at the Miami Waves conference, January 2004), establish strong cosmic censorship in (toroidal) Gowdy space-times.
description: 25 pages Latex. Further information at http://grtensor.org/gowdy/
ECONOMIC IMPACT OF MULTINATIONAL INVESTMENT ON THE KOREAN ECONOMY
Creators: name: Moon, Seong Rae
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 35
subject: Commerce, management, tourism and services

description: Over the last two and half decades, the role of multinational investment in the development process of host less developed countries (LDC's) has long been a subject of controversy. This study is intended to examine the performances of multinational investment in Korea and to evaluate its contribution to the Korean economy. Like other LDC's, the Korean government has been enthusiastic in attracting multinational investment. However, the Korean government has tried to remedy the perceived abuses of multinationals and thereby to maximize the contribution of multinationals to Korea's economic development. Due to such efforts, it appears that multinationals have contributed to increasing the level of employment in Korea. Indeed, multinationals have had a greater absorptive capacity for unskilled labor than indigenous Korean firms in many export-oriented industries such as textiles and electronics. As for the effect on the market structure, it appears that multinationals have not increased market concentration significantly in Korea. Although multinationals have captured an increasing percentage of the domestic market in some industries such as other chemicals, basic metals, and transportations, they nevertheless have started to give up a certain percentage of the domestic markets in many other export-oriented industries. Regarding the effect on domestic investment, which is the main topic of this dissertation, it also appears that multinationals have contributed to capital formation for investment in Korea. Relatively, multinationals have been unimportant sources of capital inflows in Korea. Also they finance a very small proportion of their capital requirement from local sources in Korea. At the same time, it is also observed that multinationals have not taken out more than they have put in. Furthermore, the regression results based on the Two Stage Least Square (2SLS) show that multinationals have contributed to supplementing domestic investment by not increasing domestic consumption significantly. Despite the indications of overall benefits from multinational investment, however, several policies are needed for the more efficient inducement of multinational investment and for the maximum contribution of such investment to the Korean economy: Limited open door policy, further simplification of investment procedures, diversification of investing countries, simplification of investment incentives, and the maintenance of political stability.
Non-Local Network Coding in Interference Channels
Creators: name: Yun, Jiyoung
name: Rai, Ashutosh
name: Bae, Joonwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a network, a channel introduces correlations to the parties that aim to establish a communication protocol. In this work, we present a framework of non-local network coding by exploiting a Bell scenario and show the usefulness of non-local and quantum resources in network coding. Two-sender and two-receiver interference channels are considered, for which network coding is characterized by two-input and four-outcome Bell scenarios. It is shown that non-signaling (quantum) correlations lead to strictly higher channel capacities in general than quantum (local) correlations. It is also shown that, however, more non-locality does not necessarily imply a higher channel capacity. The framework can be generally applied to network communication protocols.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures
COMPARISON OF READING AND LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT IN STRUCTURED AND CONVENTIONAL ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE PROGRAMS IN DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DEPENDENTS SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Nevarez, Hector O.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the reading and language achievement of two samples of students with limited English proficiency in grades two through five enrolled in the English as a Second Language (ESL) Program in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools; one sample in a program structured in terms of the Administrative Guidelines for the English as a Second Language Program in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools and the other along conventional lines (where the "administrative guidelines" had not been implemented). The following hypothesis was tested in the study: The academic achievement in English and/or language, as measured by the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills of students in grades two through twelve enrolled in structured and conventional ESL programs in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS) overseas does not differ significantly. Operationally this hypothesis was tested as eight separate hypotheses, each dealing with one dimension of English and/or language: word attack, vocabulary, reading comprehension, total reading achievement, spelling, language mechanics, language expression, and total language achievement. Results obtained on the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills by 308 students in grades two through five in the DoDDS Germany region were used by the researcher in evaluating the academic achievement of students in the structured and conventional ESL program on the eight English language dimensions tested. The Statistical Analysis System was used for hypothesis testing; appropriate comparisons of the significance of differences between pairs of means were accomplished through the use of multiple t -tests. Six of the eight null hypotheses tested were rejected in favor of the alternate hypotheses which stated that there would be significant differences between the two groups. The students in the structured ESL program had significantly higher mean scores (.05 level) on six of the eight dimensions tested. These results lead the researcher to conclude that the difference in the mean scores indicating greater achievement by students in the structured ESL program did not occur by chance and can be attributed, in part, to the use of the "administrative guidelines" in structuring the ESL program.
The Kaon B-Parameter in Staggered Chiral Perturbation Theory
Creators: name: Van de Water, Ruth S.
name: Sharpe, Stephen R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the kaon B-parameter, B_K, to next-to-leading order in staggered chiral perturbation theory. We extend the usual power counting to include the effects of using perturbative (rather than non-perturbative) matching factors. Taste breaking enters through the O(a^2) terms in the effective action, through mixing with higher-dimension operators, and through the truncation of matching factors. These effects cause mixing with several additional operators, complicating the chiral and continuum extrapolations. We summarize the results here; all details can be found in hep-lat/0507012.
description: 6 pages, talk presented at Lattice 2005 (weak matrix elements)
Urban Connector Year 3: Field Tests - Survey Instruments
Creators: name: Cheu, Ruey Long
name: Villanueva-Rosales, Natalia
name: Nunez-Mchiri, Guillermina Gina
name: Chow, Joseph Y. J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: seniors, mobility, smartphone application

description: This file consists of (1) NY UC beta version pre-beta test survey instrument for the City of New York, in English; (2) UC Release Candidate 1.0 field test Travel Log survey instrument, in English and Spanish; (3) UC Release Candidate 1.0 field text Exit Survey questionnaire survey instrument, in English and Spanish.
Evolving Losses for Unsupervised Video Representation Learning
Creators: name: Piergiovanni, AJ
name: Angelova, Anelia
name: Ryoo, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a new method to learn video representations from large-scale unlabeled video data. Ideally, this representation will be generic and transferable, directly usable for new tasks such as action recognition and zero or few-shot learning. We formulate unsupervised representation learning as a multi-modal, multi-task learning problem, where the representations are shared across different modalities via distillation. Further, we introduce the concept of loss function evolution by using an evolutionary search algorithm to automatically find optimal combination of loss functions capturing many (self-supervised) tasks and modalities. Thirdly, we propose an unsupervised representation evaluation metric using distribution matching to a large unlabeled dataset as a prior constraint, based on Zipf's law. This unsupervised constraint, which is not guided by any labeling, produces similar results to weakly-supervised, task-specific ones. The proposed unsupervised representation learning results in a single RGB network and outperforms previous methods. Notably, it is also more effective than several label-based methods (e.g., ImageNet), with the exception of large, fully labeled video datasets.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1906.03248
COMPARISON OF READING AND LANGUAGE ACHIEVEMENT IN STRUCTURED AND CONVENTIONAL ENGLISH AS A SECOND LANGUAGE PROGRAMS IN DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE DEPENDENTS SCHOOLS
Creators: name: Nevarez, Hector O.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3903
subject: Education systems

description: The purpose of this study was to compare the reading and language achievement of two samples of students with limited English proficiency in grades two through five enrolled in the English as a Second Language (ESL) Program in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools; one sample in a program structured in terms of the Administrative Guidelines for the English as a Second Language Program in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools and the other along conventional lines (where the "administrative guidelines" had not been implemented). The following hypothesis was tested in the study: The academic achievement in English and/or language, as measured by the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills of students in grades two through twelve enrolled in structured and conventional ESL programs in the Department of Defense Dependents Schools (DoDDS) overseas does not differ significantly. Operationally this hypothesis was tested as eight separate hypotheses, each dealing with one dimension of English and/or language: word attack, vocabulary, reading comprehension, total reading achievement, spelling, language mechanics, language expression, and total language achievement. Results obtained on the Comprehensive Tests of Basic Skills by 308 students in grades two through five in the DoDDS Germany region were used by the researcher in evaluating the academic achievement of students in the structured and conventional ESL program on the eight English language dimensions tested. The Statistical Analysis System was used for hypothesis testing; appropriate comparisons of the significance of differences between pairs of means were accomplished through the use of multiple t -tests. Six of the eight null hypotheses tested were rejected in favor of the alternate hypotheses which stated that there would be significant differences between the two groups. The students in the structured ESL program had significantly higher mean scores (.05 level) on six of the eight dimensions tested. These results lead the researcher to conclude that the difference in the mean scores indicating greater achievement by students in the structured ESL program did not occur by chance and can be attributed, in part, to the use of the "administrative guidelines" in structuring the ESL program.
Analysis and simulation of the operational capacity of a rail motorway terminal
Creators: name: Gimeno, Antonio
name: Larrodé, Emilio
name: Escobar, Jaime
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Mental Health

description: This work aims to analyze the factors that influence the operational time at a railway-motorway intermodal terminal, with a specific focus on the loading and unloading of trains with semi-trailers. This operation is commonly referred to as a rail motorway intermodal process. The terminal under analysis is the Zaragoza-PLAZA intermodal terminal, located in Zaragoza, Spain. Using AnyLogic® PLE, a discrete event and block-based logic simulation software, a model is developed to realistically simulate the terminal's operations, offering potential improvements. The model enables observation of the terminal's behavior by modifying certain parameters. The results obtained can be directly applied to the existing terminal for performance enhancements. Finally, a sensitivity analysis of the model is conducted, allowing us to assess how various factors influence the terminal's operations.
THE CONFLICT OVER THE MOVEMENT TOWARD A NEW WORLD INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ORDER (USSR)
Creators: name: Thomas, V. Alexander
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: This study analyzes the major events in the "movement" toward a New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) from 1973 through 1980 to understand the nature of the conflict over it. The NWICO movement, promoted by the Non-Aligned Third World countries and supported by the Soviet bloc states, was resisted by the Western bloc as it challenged Western hegemony in the world information and communication system and thus created conflicts. The major sources of conflict were: the opposing ideological principles of "free flow" versus "free and balanced flow" of information: the efforts of the movement's proponents to formulate a new paradigm for the world information and communication system as well as an alternative-parallel system, and to change the specific material conditions such as the redistribution of the radio spectrum; the use of UNESCO for the promotion of the movement; the process of institutionalization and legitimation of the movement; and the Non-Aligned bloc's activities in developing the movement as an international entity. It was the conflict between the contending parties that propelled and shaped the movement, which developed through a process of conflicts. The conflict was multi-dimensional; the major conflict was between the proponents and the opponents of the movement while there were also planes of conflict among the proponents and among the opponents. The basic character of the movement was thus conflictual. Both of the superpower blocs stand to lose some of their privileges in the event of a new order. Therefore Soviet bloc support for the movement may not be consistent. The NWICO movement was an elitist one. The events in the movement constituted its stages of development. The efforts by the movement's proponents, in Gramscian terms, were the moves in the war of position against hegemony. The proponents were successful in gaining concessions from the hegemonic bloc and achieving the institutionalization and legitimation of the NWICO movement. The movement helped to formulate a new definition of social reality in the world information and communication system, as opposed to that of hegemony. The NWICO movement appears to be the antithesis to the existing order.
Kanozata contermina Liang & Webb 2002, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Liang, A. - P.
name: Webb, M. D.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2002
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cercopidae
Kanozata
Kanozata contermina

description: Kanozata contermina (Distant), comb. nov.
 (®gures 45±51) Au W dus conterminus Distant, 1916: 205. Lectotype, here designated, India (BMNH) [examined].
 Material examined. LECTOTYPE, here designated, India: [small round white label with red margin]`Type; Assam-Bhutan Frontier, Mangaldai Dist. N.E., 31.xii.[19]10, S.W. Kemp; [Distant’ s handwriting] Au W dus conterminu s Dist. Type’ (BMNH).
 India: 1, Assam, Margherita (W. Doherty, Ind. Mus.), 9429 8; 1, Mizoram, Lunglei, 22 November 1981 (C. S. Wesley) (both in BMNH). Nepal: 1, 1, Bagmati, Phulchoki, Godavari, 20 August [19]75 (S. Takagi) (HU). Thailand: 2, S.W. Chiang Mai, Doi Suthep, 3400 ft, 1 December 1985 (K. A. Spencer) (NMW. Z. 1981-086) (NMGW).
 Distribution. North-east India, Nepal (new record) and north Thailand (new record).
description: Published as part of Liang, A. - P. & Webb, M. D., 2002, New taxa and revisionary notes in Rhinaulacini spittlebugs from southern Asia (Homoptera: Cercopidae), pp. 729-756 in Journal of Natural History 36 (6) on page 741, DOI: 10.1080/00222930110062336, http://zenodo.org/record/4757353
Convergence of Discrete MDL for Sequential Prediction
Creators: name: Poland, Jan
name: Hutter, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: I.2.6; E.4; G.3

description: We study the properties of the Minimum Description Length principle for sequence prediction, considering a two-part MDL estimator which is chosen from a countable class of models. This applies in particular to the important case of universal sequence prediction, where the model class corresponds to all algorithms for some fixed universal Turing machine (this correspondence is by enumerable semimeasures, hence the resulting models are stochastic). We prove convergence theorems similar to Solomonoff's theorem of universal induction, which also holds for general Bayes mixtures. The bound characterizing the convergence speed for MDL predictions is exponentially larger as compared to Bayes mixtures. We observe that there are at least three different ways of using MDL for prediction. One of these has worse prediction properties, for which predictions only converge if the MDL estimator stabilizes. We establish sufficient conditions for this to occur. Finally, some immediate consequences for complexity relations and randomness criteria are proven.
description: 17 pages
The barley immune receptor Mla recognizes multiple pathogens and contributes to host range dynamics.
Creators: name: Bettgenhaeuser, Jan
name: Hernández-Pinzón, Inmaculada
name: Dawson, Andrew M
name: Gardiner, Matthew
name: Green, Phon
name: Taylor, Jodie
name: Smoker, Matthew
name: Ferguson, John N
name: Emmrich, Peter
name: Hubbard, Amelia
name: Bayles, Rosemary
name: Waugh, Robbie
name: Steffenson, Brian J
name: Wulff, Brande B H
name: Dreiseitl, Antonín
name: Ward, Eric R
name: Moscou, Matthew J
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Funder: Gatsby Charitable Foundation
description: Crop losses caused by plant pathogens are a primary threat to stable food production. Stripe rust (Puccinia striiformis) is a fungal pathogen of cereal crops that causes significant, persistent yield loss. Stripe rust exhibits host species specificity, with lineages that have adapted to infect wheat and barley. While wheat stripe rust and barley stripe rust are commonly restricted to their corresponding hosts, the genes underlying this host specificity remain unknown. Here, we show that three resistance genes, Rps6, Rps7, and Rps8, contribute to immunity in barley to wheat stripe rust. Rps7 cosegregates with barley powdery mildew resistance at the Mla locus. Using transgenic complementation of different Mla alleles, we confirm allele-specific recognition of wheat stripe rust by Mla. Our results show that major resistance genes contribute to the host species specificity of wheat stripe rust on barley and that a shared genetic architecture underlies resistance to the adapted pathogen barley powdery mildew and non-adapted pathogen wheat stripe rust.
THE CONFLICT OVER THE MOVEMENT TOWARD A NEW WORLD INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION ORDER (USSR)
Creators: name: Thomas, V. Alexander
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 47
subject: Language, communication and culture

description: This study analyzes the major events in the "movement" toward a New World Information and Communication Order (NWICO) from 1973 through 1980 to understand the nature of the conflict over it. The NWICO movement, promoted by the Non-Aligned Third World countries and supported by the Soviet bloc states, was resisted by the Western bloc as it challenged Western hegemony in the world information and communication system and thus created conflicts. The major sources of conflict were: the opposing ideological principles of "free flow" versus "free and balanced flow" of information: the efforts of the movement's proponents to formulate a new paradigm for the world information and communication system as well as an alternative-parallel system, and to change the specific material conditions such as the redistribution of the radio spectrum; the use of UNESCO for the promotion of the movement; the process of institutionalization and legitimation of the movement; and the Non-Aligned bloc's activities in developing the movement as an international entity. It was the conflict between the contending parties that propelled and shaped the movement, which developed through a process of conflicts. The conflict was multi-dimensional; the major conflict was between the proponents and the opponents of the movement while there were also planes of conflict among the proponents and among the opponents. The basic character of the movement was thus conflictual. Both of the superpower blocs stand to lose some of their privileges in the event of a new order. Therefore Soviet bloc support for the movement may not be consistent. The NWICO movement was an elitist one. The events in the movement constituted its stages of development. The efforts by the movement's proponents, in Gramscian terms, were the moves in the war of position against hegemony. The proponents were successful in gaining concessions from the hegemonic bloc and achieving the institutionalization and legitimation of the NWICO movement. The movement helped to formulate a new definition of social reality in the world information and communication system, as opposed to that of hegemony. The NWICO movement appears to be the antithesis to the existing order.