Cyriocosmus nicholausgordoni Kaderka 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Kaderka, Radan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Araneae
Theraphosidae
Cyriocosmus
Cyriocosmus nicholausgordoni

description: Cyriocosmus nicholausgordoni sp. nov.
(Figures 17 – 19, 28c, 32c, d, 35b, Tables 11, 12)
Types
Male holotype (SMFD) from Venezuela, State of Amazonas, Puerto Ayacucho, Pozo Crystal (inside fallen rotten damp log), 15 February 1995, R. C. West col.; one female paratype (SMFD), the same data as in the male holotype.
Etymology
The specific name is a patronym in honour of the late Nick Gordon. Nick Gordon found this new species together with the collector while making a documentary about tarantulas.
Diagnosis
Cyriocosmus nicholausgordoni sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other congeners, except C. leetzi Vol, 1999, by its reddish-brown carapace with the black caput and seven radially arranged black spots in the thoracic area, and by the presence of the dark longitudinal ventral band. Males have short paraembolic apophysis and weakly developed prolateral superior keel in palpal bulb morphology, female spermathecae have a caliciform extension and convex basal plates. From C. leetzi it differs by the black femora without whitish longitudinal stripes on the dorsal face and the presence of the fourth pair of very narrow lateral stripes near spinnerets. Males also differ by the absence of retrolateral process in palpal tibia, instead there is only a cluster of numerous spiniform setae.
Distribution (Figure 36)
Known only from the type locality. The region is originally covered with the Amazon rainforest.
Description
Male (SMFD) (Figures 17a, 18a – d, 19e, 28c, 32c, d, 35b): Total length: 16.7, carapace length 7.9, width 6.8, chelicerae with 8 teeth on promargin. Cheliceral teeth pattern from basal end: right side: vV-VVVVVV, 1 small and 7 big teeth. Left side: vV-VVVVVV, 1 small and 7 big teeth. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances (Figure 19e): AME 0.33 (circular), ALE 0.32 (oval), PME 0.22 (oval), PLE 0.31 (oval), AME – AME 0.17, AME – ALE 0.10, PME – PME 0.64, PME – PLE 0.03, ALE – PLE 0.12, AME – PME 0.06, OQ length 0.637, width 1.235. Ocular tubercle: length 1.092, width 1.235. Clypeus absent. Fovea transverse, straight, width 0.78, 5.45 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.04, width 1.35, anterior third with 45 cuspules, maxilla with 147 – 149 cuspules in anterior basal half. Sternum length 4.05, width 3.15, three pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.26, 0.44 from edge of sternum), coxae II and coxae I. Leg pattern: IV>I>II>III. Incrassate leg segments: slightly incrassate femur III.
Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I 100%, metatarsi II 80%, metatarsi III 50%, metatarsi IV 35% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I integral, in tarsi II divided by longitudinal line of setae, in tarsi III divided by narrow longitudinal band of setae, in tarsi IV divided by wide longitudinal band of setae.
Spination: femora I d 0-0-1, II d 0-0-1, III p 0-0-1, d 0-0-1, IV 0 and femora of palp d 0-0- 1; patellae I – IV and patellae of palp 0; tibiae I v 0-1-0, p 0-0-1, r 0-0-1, II v 1-1-3, p 0-1-0, III v 2-2-2 (apical), p 0-2-1, r 1-1-1, IV v 2-1-3 (apical), r 0-1-1 and tibiae of palps 0; metatarsi I v 0-0-1 (apical), II v 2-0-1, p 0-1-0, III v 1-1-1, p 2-2-2, r 0-0-1, IV v 1-1-1 (apical), p 1-3-2 (apical), r 0-1-2 (apical), tarsi I – IV and tarsi of palps 0.
Palpal organ as in Figure 32c, d, embolus with short PA reaching approximately one sixth of embolus, smooth PS keel is not fused with PA. Tegulum with distinct granulated TP, projecting prolaterally. Retrolateral face of cymbium with basal field of spiniform setae. Protuberance on retrolateral face of palpal tibia is absent, instead there is only a cluster of numerous spiniform setae (Figure 18c, d). Two unequal subapical apophyses are present on tibia I (Figure 28c): a longer retrolateral tibial apophysis with single subapical spine on dorsal side, a shorter prolateral tibial apophysis with single, welldeveloped retrolateral basal spine reaching approximately two-thirds of its length. Metatarsus I not sigmoidly curved and without basal or median protuberance on retrolateral face. Metatarsus I flexion is between both tibial apophyses.
Abdomen: urticating setae of type III are located in central patch. PLS: length 3.69, basal segment 1.30, middle segment 0.83, apical segment 1.56, all digitiform. PMS: 0.73.
Coloration and covering setae: dorsal view (Figures 17a, 18a): carapace reddishbrown with black caput and seven radially arranged black spots in thoracic area, coxae and trochantera reddish-brown, femora black, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi black with longitudinal whitish stripes, tarsi black, chelicerae dorsally covered with whitish pubescence. Patellae I, II and palpal patella with two longitudinal stripes, patellae III, IV with two unequal diagonal stripes. Abdomen black with central reddish-brown patch of urticating setae and three pairs of clear lateral stripes, basally joined, the second and the third pair is joined with central patch. The fourth pair of very narrow stripes is located near spinnerets. Length of central patch: 3.46, width 3.26. Ventral view (Figure 18b): labium, sternum, coxae and trochantera reddish-brown, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi dark grey. Abdomen ventrally with dark longitudinal band. Spinnerets fawn.
Female (SMFD) (Figures 17b, 19a – 19d, 35b): Total length: 21.5, carapace length 10.0, width 7.8, chelicerae with 9 – 10 teeth on promargin. Cheliceral teeth pattern from basal end: right side: vvvvvvVVV, 6 small and 3 big teeth. Left side: vvvvvvVVVv, 7 small and 3 big teeth. Anterior eye row slightly procurved, posterior eye row recurved. Eye sizes and interdistances (Figure 19d): AME 0.38 (circular), ALE 0.38 (oval), PME 0.26 (oval), PLE 0.29 (oval), AME – AME 0.20, AME – ALE 0.13, PME – PME 0.74, PME – PLE 0.05, ALE – PLE 0.17, AME – PME 0.11, OQ length 0.74, width 1.46. Ocular tubercle: length 1.27, width 1.46, clypeus absent. Fovea transverse, straight, width 1.3, 7.0 from anterior edge of carapace. Labium length 1.30, width 1.85, anterior third with 36 cuspules, maxillae with 159 – 163 cuspules. Sternum length 5.0, width 4.2, with three visible pairs of sternal sigilla located near coxae III (length 0.42, 0.68 from edge of sternum), coxae II (length 0.46, 0.44 from edge of sternum) and coxae I. Leg pattern: IV>I>II>III. All leg segments uniform.
Scopulae: All tarsi 100% densely scopulate, metatarsi I 90%, metatarsi II 70%, metatarsi III 60%, metatarsi IV 30% scopulate. Tarsal scopulae I, II integral, only with thin longitudinal line of setae, tarsal scopulae III, IV divided by longitudinal band of setae.
Spination: femora II – IV and femora of palps 0, femora I d 0-0-1; patellae I – IV and patellae of palps 0; tibiae I-II 0, III v 0-0-2 (apical), p 0-1-0, r 1-1-0, IV v 0-1-2 (apical), r 0-0- 1 and tibiae of palps v 0-0-2 (apical); metatarsi I v 0-0-1 (apical), II v 1-0-1 (apical), III v 1-0-2 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-2-1, IV v 1-2-3 (apical), p 0-1-1, r 0-1-1, tarsi I – IV and tarsi of palps 0.
Spermathecae (Figure 35b): two separated spiral seminal receptacles, distally terminated with caliciform extension, basally with convex sclerotized plates.
Abdomen: urticating setae of type III are located in central U-shaped patch. PLS (damaged): length 4.9, basal segment 1.46, middle segment 1.33, apical segment 2.11, all digitiform. PMS: 0.94.
Coloration and covering setae: dorsal view (Figures 17b, 19a): carapace reddishbrown with black caput and seven radially arranged, fused black spots in thoracic area, coxae and trochantera reddish-brown, femora black with only triangular spot at apex, patellae, tibiae and metatarsi black with whitish longitudinal stripes. Tarsi black. Patellae I, II with two longitudinal stripes, patellae III, IV with two unequal diagonal stripes. Abdomen (Figure 19c) black except central U-shaped reddish-brown patch and three pairs of clear reddish-brown lateral stripes, joined both basally and apically with central U-shaped patch, complemented by fourth pair of very narrow stripes near spinnerets. Length of central patch: 6.7, width 4.5. Ventral view (Figure 19b): labium, sternum, coxae and trochantera reddish-brown, femora, patellae, tibiae, metatarsi and tarsi dark grey. Abdomen ventrally with dark longitudinal band.
description: Published as part of Kaderka, Radan, 2015, The Neotropical genus Cyriocosmus Simon, 1903 and new species from Peru, Brazil and Venezuela (Araneae: Theraphosidae: Theraphosinae), pp. 393-465 in Journal of Natural History 50 on pages 427-433, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2015.1076082, http://zenodo.org/record/3985428