cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The evolutionary dynamics of extrachromosomal DNA in human cancers
Creators: name: Lange, Joshua T.
name: Rose, John C.
name: Chen, Celine Y.
name: Pichugin, Yuriy
name: Xie, Liangqi
name: Tang, Jun
name: Hung, King L.
name: Yost, Kathryn E.
name: Shi, Quanming
name: Erb, Marcella L.
name: Rajkumar, Utkrisht
name: Wu, Sihan
name: Taschner-Mandl, Sabine
name: Bernkopf, Marie
name: Swanton, Charles
name: Liu, Zhe
name: Huang, Weini
name: Chang, Howard Y.
name: Bafna, Vineet
name: Henssen, Anton G.
name: Werner, Benjamin
name: Mischel, Paul S.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ecDNA
subject: extrachromosomal inheritance
subject: oncogenes
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Oncogene amplification on extrachromosomal DNA (ecDNA) is a common event, driving aggressive tumor growth, drug resistance and shorter survival. Currently, the impact of nonchromosomal oncogene inheritance-random identity by descent-is poorly understood. Also unclear is the impact of ecDNA on somatic variation and selection. Here integrating theoretical models of random segregation, unbiased image analysis, CRISPR-based ecDNA tagging with live-cell imaging and CRISPR-C, we demonstrate that random ecDNA inheritance results in extensive intratumoral ecDNA copy number heterogeneity and rapid adaptation to metabolic stress and targeted treatment. Observed ecDNAs benefit host cell survival or growth and can change within a single cell cycle. ecDNA inheritance can predict, a priori, some of the aggressive features of ecDNA-containing cancers. These properties are facilitated by the ability of ecDNA to rapidly adapt genomes in a way that is not possible through chromosomal oncogene amplification. These results show how the nonchromosomal random inheritance pattern of ecDNA contributes to poor outcomes for patients with cancer.
Penetration Testing in Agile Software Development Projects
Creators: name: Tomanek, Martin
name: Klima, Tomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Agile development methods are commonly used to iteratively develop the information systems and they can easily handle ever-changing business requirements. Scrum is one of the most popular agile software development frameworks. The popularity is caused by the simplified process framework and its focus on teamwork. The objective of Scrum is to deliver working software and demonstrate it to the customer faster and more frequent during the software development project. However the security requirements for the developing information systems have often a low priority. This requirements prioritization issue results in the situations where the solution meets all the business requirements but it is vulnerable to potential security threats. The major benefit of the Scrum framework is the iterative development approach and the opportunity to automate penetration tests. Therefore the security vulnerabilities can be discovered and solved more often which will positively contribute to the overall information system protection against potential hackers. In this research paper the authors propose how the agile software development framework Scrum can be enriched by considering the penetration tests and related security requirements during the software development lifecycle. Authors apply in this paper the knowledge and expertise from their previous work focused on development of the new information system penetration tests methodology PETA with focus on using COBIT 4.1 as the framework for management of these tests, and on previous work focused on tailoring the project management framework PRINCE2 with Scrum.
Antioxidant capacity and phenolic total content in 'Fuerte' avocado submitted to hydrothermal treatment
Creators: name: Daiuto, E.R.
name: Fumes, J.G.F.
name: Vieites, R.L.
name: Cabia, N.C.
name: De Castro, R.S.D.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Avocados possess high nutritional value with proven effectiveness in preventing cardiovascular diseases, attributed primarily to their unsaturated fatty acids content. This fruit is also rich in carotenoids and vitamins, particularly vitamin E. This work evaluates the antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content of hydrothermally-treated Fuerte avocado. Fruits were selected and hydrothermally treated at 45oC for 5, 10, 15 and 20 min. They were then stored in a refrigerator (10 ± 1oC and 90±5% relative humidity) and evaluated over a 15-day period. The total phenolic content increased up to the sixth day of storage, and decreased thereafter, without differences between the treatments. The percentage of antioxidant capacity of the control and the hydrothermally-treated samples for 5 and 10 min increased during storage. Untreated fruits showed the highest percentage of antioxidant capacity. However, the antioxidant capacity of avocado fruits subjected to these treatments declined starting on the twelfth day of storage, possibly due to the fruits’ senescence. Hydrothermal treatments for 15 and 20 min delayed fruit senescence while the antioxidant capacity continued to increase up to the fifteenth day of storage. No significant correlation was found between antioxidant capacity and total phenolic content. The antioxidant capacity of ripe Fuerte avocado was higher than that of unripe or overripe avocado.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 2 (2011)
The KSHV K1 Protein Modulates AMPK Function to Enhance Cell Survival
Creators: name: Damania, Blossom
name: Bhende, Prasana M.
name: Anders, Penny M.
name: Zhang, Zhigang
name: Giffin, Louise
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Kaposi’s sarcoma herpesvirus (KSHV) is the etiologic agent of Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS) as well as two lymphoproliferative diseases, primary effusion lymphoma and multicentric Castleman’s disease. KSHV encodes viral proteins, such as K1, that alter signaling pathways involved in cell survival. Expression of K1 has been reported to transform rodent fibroblasts, and K1 transgenic mice develop multiple tumors, suggesting that K1 has an important role in KSHV pathogenesis. We found that cells infected with a KSHV virus containing a WT K1 gene had a survival advantage under conditions of nutrient deprivation compared to cells infected with KSHV K1 mutant viruses. 5’ adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) responds to nutrient deprivation by maintaining energy homeostasis, and AMPK signaling has been shown to promote cell survival in various types of cancers. Under conditions of AMPK inhibition, we also observed that cells infected with KSHV containing a WT K1 gene had a survival advantage compared to KSHV K1 mutant virus infected cells. To explore the underpinnings of this phenotype, we identified K1-associated cellular proteins by tandem affinity purification and mass spectrometry. We found that the KSHV K1 protein associates with the gamma subunit of AMPK (AMPKγ1). We corroborated this finding by independently confirming that K1 co-immunoprecipitates with AMPKγ1. Co-immunoprecipitations of wild-type K1 (K1WT) or K1 domain mutants and AMPKγ1, revealed that the K1 N-terminus is important for the association between K1 and AMPKγ1. We propose that the KSHV K1 protein promotes cell survival via its association with AMPKγ1 following exposure to stress.
KOBEsim: improving RV detection through efficient scheduling
Creators: name: Balsalobre-Ruza, Olga
name: Lillo-Box, Jorge
name: Berihuete, Ángel
name: Team, The KOBE
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Exoplanets
Radial Velocity
Bayesian Statistics
CARMENES
KOBE

description: The KOBEsim algorithm is a Bayesian-based strategy for the detection of planets in radial velocity (RV) surveys written in Python. It is developed within the KOBE (K-dwarfs Orbited By habitable Exoplanets) experiment, aiming at maximizing the detection of rocky exoplanets potentially habitable orbiting K-dwarfs. After gathering the first data, KOBEsim targets the predominant orbital period and finds the optimum next observing date to maximize the efficiency of confirming or discarding that signal. This new approach has demonstrated to improve nearly 50 % the detection efficiency in comparison with a conventional strategy of monotonic cadence.
Growth reduction in root-restricted tomato plants is linked to photosynthetic impairment and starch accumulation in the leaves
Creators: name: Mugnai, S.
name: Al-Debei, H.S.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: The mechanisms responsible for reduced shoot growth due to restricted root growth is still not fully understood. Therefore, this investigation was planned to determine the morphological and physiological changes induced in response to root restriction conditions and to determine the time frame within which these changes occurred. In particular, this research aims to evaluate the effect of root restriction on growth, leaf gas exchange parameters, carbohydrate production and water relations in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.). Our results show that growth reduction by root restriction is mainly linked to a photosynthetic impairment, caused by a concurrent limited stomatal conductance (probably driven by stomatal factors and hormonal substances) together with a strong accumulation of starch in the tissues, which led to a feedback inhibition of the photosynthetic process.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 2 (2011)
Pollen characteristics, pollination behaviour and pollinizer compatibility of some exotic and indigenous almond [Prunus dulcis (Miller) D.A. Webb] genotypes
Creators: name: Sharma, G.
name: Sharma, N.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Pollination is the most critical and complex part of fruit production, particularly in cross pollinated crops like almond, and it is affected by pollen characteristics. In the present study 100% pollen viability was observed when stained by acetocarmine for all considered genotypes, except GP-17 (99%). Optimum stigma receptivity was observed for two days before anthesis, on the day of anthesis and one day afterwards all the stigmas remained receptive. In open pollination, maximum fruit set was noted in Primorskij (32.37%) with mini- mum in Makhdoom (17.96%). No fruit set was observed in any of the genotypes by self-pollination, confirming the self-incompatible nature of all tested genotypes. In cross pollination, fruit set was found between 0.00 and 42.84% for different cross combinations. Makhdoom, Pranyaj, Shalimar, Waris, Nonpareil, Waris, Waris and Shalimar yielded maximum fruits when cross-pollinated with IXl, Merced, Drake, Primorskij, Pranyaj, Nonpareil, Shalimar, Makhdoom and Waris, respectively. No pollen tube growth was observed in the style when genotypes were crossed with their own pollen. In crosses between IXL and Nonpareil, pollen tube growth was arrested in the styles. In compatible crosses, the pollen tube reached the base of the style after different times following pollination.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Spin and thermal conductivity in classical disordered spin chain
Creators: name: Jenčič, Boštjan
name: Prelovšek, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transport quantities of the classical spin chain with the quenched disorder in the antiferromagnetic coupling $J_i$ are evaluated using the dynamical simulation at finite temperatures $T>0$ . Since the classical model is nonintegrable, spin and thermal conductivities remain finite even in the pure case. On the other hand, the role of disorder becomes crucial at low $T $ leading to a vanishing transport due to the Anderson localization within the linearized regime. The crossover from the insulator to the conductor appears both for the spin and thermal transport at quite low $T^* \ll J$. Still the many-body localization regime at $T>0$ evidenced by extremely short mean free paths can be strongly enhanced by introducing into the model an additional staggered field.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Low-$Q^2$ elastic electron-proton scattering using a gas jet target
Creators: name: Wang, Y.
name: Bernauer, J. C.
name: Schlimme, B. S.
name: Achenbach, P.
name: Aulenbacher, S.
name: Ball, M.
name: Biroth, M.
name: Bonaventura, D.
name: Bosnar, D.
name: Brand, P.
name: Caiazza, S.
name: Christmann, M.
name: Cline, E.
name: Denig, A.
name: Distler, M. O.
name: Doria, L.
name: Eckert, P.
name: Esser, A.
name: Friscic, I.
name: Gagneur, S.
name: Geimer, J.
name: Grieser, S.
name: Gulker, P.
name: Herrmann, P.
name: Hoek, M.
name: Kegel, S.
name: Kelsey, J.
name: Klag, P.
name: Khoukaz, A.
name: Kohl, M.
name: Kolar, T.
name: Lauß, M.
name: Leßmann, L.
name: Littich, M.
name: Lunkenheimer, S.
name: Marekovic, J.
name: Markus, D.
name: Mauch, M.
name: Merkel, H.
name: Mihovilovic, M.
name: Milner, R. G.
name: Muller, J.
name: Muller, U.
name: Petrovic, T.
name: Pochodzalla, J.
name: Rausch, J.
name: Schlaadt, J.
name: Schurg, H.
name: Sfienti, C.
name: Sirca, S.
name: Spreckels, R.
name: Stengel, S.
name: Stottinger, Y.
name: Szyszka, C.
name: Thiel, M.
name: Vestrick, S.
name: Vidal, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we describe an experiment measuring low-$Q^2$ elastic electron-proton scattering using a newly developed cryogenic supersonic gas jet target in the A1 three-spectrometer facility at the Mainz Microtron. We measured the proton electric form factor within the four-momentum transfer range of $0.01\le Q^2 \le 0.045(\text{GeV/c})^2$. The experiment showed consistent results with the existing measurements. The data we collected demonstrated the feasibility of the gas jet target and the potential of future scattering experiments using high-resolution spectrometers with this gas jet target.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
New Supersymmetric Localizations from Topological Gravity
Creators: name: Bae, Jinbeom
name: Imbimbo, Camillo
name: Rey, Soo-Jong
name: Rosa, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric field theories can be studied exactly on suitable off-shell supergravity backgrounds. We show that in two dimensions such backgrounds are identifiable with BRST invariant backgrounds of topological gravity coupled to an abelian topological gauge multiplet. This latter background is required for the consistent coupling of the topological `matter' YM theory to topological gravity. We make use of this topological point of view to obtain, in a simple and straightforward way, a complete classification of localizing supersymmetric backgrounds in two dimensions. The BRST invariant topological backgrounds are parametrized by both Killing vectors and $S^1$-equivariant cohomology of the 2-dimensional world-sheet. We reconstruct completely the supergravity backgrounds from the topological data: some of the supergravity fields are twisted versions of the topological backgrounds, but others are "composite", i.e. they are non-linear functionals of them. We recover all the known localizing 2-dimensional backgrounds and (infinitely) many more that have not been explored so far. We show that the supersymmetric $Ω$-deformation is nothing but the background value of the ghost-for-ghost of topological gravity, a result which holds for other dimensions too. The new localizing backgrounds are characterized by non-trivial fluxes for both the graviphotons of the supergravity multiplet.
description: 45 pages, 2 figures, revised introduction, version published on JHEP
The Prostaglandin E2-EP3 Receptor Axis Regulates Anaplasma phagocytophilum-Mediated NLRC4 Inflammasome Activation
Creators: name: Carlyon, Jason A.
name: Velayutham, Thangam S.
name: Pedra, Joao H. F.
name: VieBrock, Lauren
name: Shaw, Dana K.
name: Carbonetti, Nicholas H.
name: Bonventre, Joseph V.
name: Kotsyfakis, Michail
name: Perkins, Darren J.
name: Rodino, Kyle G.
name: Sutterwala, Fayyaz S.
name: Wang, Xiaowei
name: Shirey, Kari Ann
name: Rayamajhi, Manira
name: Evans, Sean M.
name: Miao, Edward A.
name: Scanlon, Karen M.
name: Hammond, Holly L.
name: McBride, Jere W.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Rickettsial agents are sensed by pattern recognition receptors but lack pathogen-associated molecular patterns commonly observed in facultative intracellular bacteria. Due to these molecular features, the order Rickettsiales can be used to uncover broader principles of bacterial immunity. Here, we used the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, the agent of human granulocytic anaplasmosis, to reveal a novel microbial surveillance system. Mechanistically, we discovered that upon A. phagocytophilum infection, cytosolic phospholipase A2 cleaves arachidonic acid from phospholipids, which is converted to the eicosanoid prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) via cyclooxygenase 2 (COX2) and the membrane associated prostaglandin E synthase-1 (mPGES-1). PGE2-EP3 receptor signaling leads to activation of the NLRC4 inflammasome and secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. Importantly, the receptor-interacting serine/threonine-protein kinase 2 (RIPK2) was identified as a major regulator of the immune response against A. phagocytophilum. Accordingly, mice lacking COX2 were more susceptible to A. phagocytophilum, had a defect in IL-18 secretion and exhibited splenomegaly and damage to the splenic architecture. Remarkably, Salmonella-induced NLRC4 inflammasome activation was not affected by either chemical inhibition or genetic ablation of genes associated with PGE2 biosynthesis and signaling. This divergence in immune circuitry was due to reduced levels of the PGE2-EP3 receptor during Salmonella infection when compared to A. phagocytophilum. Collectively, we reveal the existence of a functionally distinct NLRC4 inflammasome illustrated by the rickettsial agent A. phagocytophilum.
Radiation-induced chromosomal aberrations in grape Phylloxera
Creators: name: Makee, H.
name: Tafesh, N.
name: Idris, I.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Chromosomal aberrations in phylloxera females induced by different doses of gamma irradiation were detected. The results showed that the chromosomes of all tested embryos of irradiated phylloxera had aberrations, regardless of dose. When phylloxera nymphs were irradiated, the chromosomal number on the metaphase plate of some embryos’ cells was increased. The result indicated that the chromosomal aberrations influenced the mortality, longevity and reproduction of phylloxera. Eight autosomal chromosomes were identified according to their length. Additionally, the karyotype of irradiated and unirradiated populations of local phylloxera strain was defined.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Small‐scale heterogeneity shapes grassland diversity in low‐to‐intermediate resource environments
Creators: name: Olagoke, Adewole
name: Jeltsch, Florian
name: Tietjen, Britta
name: Berger, Uta
name: Ritter, Hagen
name: Maaß, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: agent‐based modeling
subject: below‐ground resource heterogeneity
subject: individual‐based modeling
subject: niche separation
subject: plant diversity
subject: species co‐existence
subject: trait‐based approach
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Questions Soil resource heterogeneity influences the outcome of plant–plant interactions and, consequently, species co-existence and diversity patterns. The magnitude and direction of heterogeneity effects vary widely, and the processes underlying such variations are not fully understood. In this study, we explored how and under what resource conditions small-scale heterogeneity modulates grassland plant diversity. Location Oderhänge Mallnow, Potsdam, Brandenburg, Germany. Methods We expanded the individual-based plant community model (IBC-grass) to incorporate dynamic below-ground resource maps, simulating spatial heterogeneity of resource availability. Empirical centimeter-scale data of soil C/N ratio were integrated into the model, accounting for both configurational and compositional heterogeneity. We then analyzed the interplay between small-scale heterogeneity and resource availability on the interaction and co-existence of plant species and overall diversity. Results Our results showed significant differences between the low- and high-resource scenarios, with both configurational and compositional heterogeneity having a positive effect on species richness and Simpson's diversity, but only under low-resource conditions. As compositional heterogeneity in the fine-scale C/N ratio increased, we observed a positive shift in Simpson's diversity and species richness, with the highest effects at the highest level of variability tested. We observed little to no effect in nutrient-rich scenarios, and a shift to negative effects at the intermediate resource level. The study demonstrates that site-specific resource levels underpin how fine-scale heterogeneity influences plant diversity and species co-existence, and partly explains the divergent effects recorded in different empirical studies. Conclusions This study provides mechanistic insights into the complex relationship between resource heterogeneity and diversity patterns. It highlights the context-dependent effects of small-scale heterogeneity, which can be positive under low-resource, neutral under high-resource, and negative under intermediate-resource conditions. These findings provide a foundation for future investigations into small-scale heterogeneity–diversity relationships, contributing to a deeper understanding of the processes that promote species co-existence in plant communities.
NEOROCKS Characterization Program of Near-Earth Asteroids Previously Observed with Radar
Creators: name: de León, Julia
name: Licandro, Javier
name: Popescu, Marcel
name: Medeiros, Hissa
name: Morate, David
name: Pinilla-Alonso, N.
name: Pérez-Toledo, Fabricio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Asteroids
Observations
Solar System
NEOROCKS

description: The NEO Rapid Observation, Characterization and Key Simulations (NEOROCKS) project is funded (2020-2023) through the H2020 European Commission program to improve our knowledge on near-Earth objects by connecting expertise in performing small body astronomical observations and the related modeling needed to derive their dynamical and physical properties. The Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC), and in particular members of the Solar System Group, participate in the NEOROCKS project and currently lead one specific task: to collect observational data, mainly in the visible wavelengths, of NEAs that have been observed in the past using the Arecibo Planetary Radar. In this work we present preliminary results, focusing on those targets having high signal-to-noise ration radar data.
Calibration sources for the LEGEND-200 experiment
Creators: name: Baudis, L.
name: Benato, G.
name: Bond, E. M.
name: Chiu, P. -J.
name: Elliott, S. R.
name: Massarczyk, R.
name: Meijer, S.
name: Müller, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the search for a monochromatic peak as the signature of neutrinoless double beta decay an excellent energy resolution and an ultra-low background around the $Q$-value of the decay are essential. The LEGEND-200 experiment performs such a search with high-purity germanium detectors enriched in $^{76}$Ge immersed in liquid argon. To determine and monitor the stability of the energy scale and resolution of the germanium diodes, custom-made, low-neutron emission $^{228}$Th sources are regularly deployed in the vicinity of the crystals. Here we describe the production process of the 17 sources available for installation in the experiment, the measurements of their alpha- and gamma-activities, as well as the determination of the neutron emission rates with a low-background LiI(Eu) detector operated deep underground. With a flux of $\left( 4.27 \pm 0.60_{\rm stat} \pm 0.92_{\rm syst} \right) \times 10^{-4} ~\text{n / (kBq$\cdot$s)}$, approximately one order of magnitude below that of commercial sources, the neutron-induced background rate, mainly from the activation of $^{76}$Ge, is negligible compared to other background sources in LEGEND-200.
description: 13 pages + references; typos corrected, comments from journal referee's implemented
Towards Complementary Characterization of the Chemical Bond
Creators: name: Hendzel, Maciej
name: Fidrysiak, Maciej
name: Spałek, Józef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A precise discussion of a single bond requires consideration of two-particle wave function for the particles involved. Here we define and determine rigorously the intrinsic covalency and connected characteristics on the canonical example of \ch{H2} molecule. This is achieved by starting from analytic form for the two--particle wave function for electrons forming the bond, in which we single out the atomic contribution (\textit{atomicity}) in an unequivocal manner. The presence the of atomicity and ionicity factors complements the existing attributes of the bond. In this way, a gradual evolution of the molecular state to its two-atomic correspondant is traced systematically with increasing interatomic distance. In effect, a direct relation to the onset of incipient Mott-Hubbard atomicity (\textit{Mottness}) to the intrinsic covalency and ionicity is established. This goal is achieved by combining the single--particle wave function readjustment with a simultaneous determination of two--particle states in the particle (second--quantization) representation.
Generalized hydrodynamics of the repulsive spin-$\frac{1}{2}$ Fermi gas
Creators: name: Scopa, Stefano
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
name: Piroli, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study non-homogeneous quantum quenches in a one-dimensional gas of repulsive spin-$1/2$ fermions, as described by the integrable Yang-Gaudin model. By means of generalized hydrodynamics (GHD), we analyze in detail the real-time evolution following a sudden change of the confining potential. We consider in particular release protocols and trap quenches, including a version of the quantum Newton's cradle. At zero temperature, we employ a simplified phase-space hydrodynamic picture to characterize the dynamics of the particle- and spin-density profiles. Away from zero temperatures, we perform a thorough numerical study of the GHD equations, and provide quantitative predictions for different values of the temperature, external magnetic field, and chemical potential. We highlight the qualitative features arising due to the multi-component nature of the elementary excitations, discussing in particular effects of spin-charge separation and dynamical polarization.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; v2:minor changes
Scale of Emotional Development – Short: reliability and validity in adults with intellectual disability
Creators: name: Flachsmeyer, M.
name: Sterkenburg, P.
name: Barrett, B.
name: Zaal, S.
name: Vonk, J.
name: Morisse, F.
name: Gaese, F.
name: Heinrich, Manuel
name: Sappok, T.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: assessment
subject: emotional development
subject: intellectual disability
subject: mental disorders
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Intellectual disability (ID) is often associated with delays in emotional development (ED). The Scale of Emotional Development – Short (SED-S) was developed to assess the level of ED and to adapt treatment and care accordingly. Methods In a sample of 724 adults from five study sites in three countries, a confirmatory factor analysis with a one-factor model was conducted on the entire dataset as well as in different subgroups. Furthermore, internal consistency was investigated using Cronbach's alpha. Results The confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a single-factor model fits the SED-S data well. The subgroup analyses revealed good model fit, regardless of the severity of ID and irrespective of sex or the presence of autism spectrum disorder or psychiatric disorders. Internal consistency was excellent for the entire sample (Cronbach's alpha = 0.93) and various subgroups (0.869–0.938). Conclusion The results of this study suggest that the SED-S is psychometrically sound and can be used to assess the level of ED in adults with ID.
Growing spinach in a floating system with different volumes of aerated or non-aerated nutrient solution
Creators: name: Lenzi, A.
name: Baldi, A.
name: Tesi, R.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Vegetables grown in a floating system may encounter problems of hypoxia at root level, especially in the summer when temperature is high. Depending on the species, oxygen deficiency may cause a lower yield due to a reduction in water and mineral uptake by the plants. On the other hand, plants under oxygen stress may reduce nitrate accumulation, thus ameliorating produce quality. In the present work spinach was grown in summer and autumn in a floating system in different volumes (252, 126 and 60 l per m2 of cultivated area) of aerated or non aerated nutrient solution. Aeration kept oxygen concentration at 7-8 mg l-1 while in the non aerated solution oxygen decreased gradually reaching at harvest, on average, values of 1.92 mg l-1 and 2.83 mg l 1 in summer and autumn respectively. Such levels of hypoxia did not affect yield and did not reduce nitrate accumulation either. On the contrary, in the summer cycle leaf nitrate content was significantly lower when the nutrient solution was aerated. Reduction of the volume of the solution to 60 l m-2 of cultivated area induced a decrease in nitrate accumulation without negative effect on yield. No significant aeration x volume interaction was observed.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Probing early universe through redshifted 21-cm signal: Modelling and observational challenges
Creators: name: Shaw, Abinash Kumar
name: Chakraborty, Arnab
name: Kamran, Mohd
name: Ghara, Raghunath
name: Choudhuri, Samir
name: Ali, Sk. Saiyad
name: Pal, Srijita
name: Ghosh, Abhik
name: Kumar, Jais
name: Dutta, Prasun
name: Sarkar, Anjan Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The redshifted 21-cm radiation from the atomic hydrogen (HI) provides an excellent direct probe to study the evolution of HI in IGM and thus reveal the nature of the first luminous objects, their evolution and role during Cosmic Dawn (CD) and Epoch of Reionization (EoR), and formation and evolution of the structures thereafter. Direct mapping of the HI density during the CD-EoR is rather difficult with the current and future instruments due to large foreground and other observational contamination. The first detection of this redshifted HI signal is planned through statistical estimators. Given the utmost importance of the detection and analysis of the redshifted 21-cm signal, physics of CD-EoR is one of the objectives of the upcoming SKA-Low telescope. This paper summarizes the collective effort of Indian astronomers to understand the origin of the redshifted 21-cm signal, sources of first ionizing photons, their propagation through the IGM, various cosmological effects on the expected 21-cm signal, various statistical measures of the signal like power spectrum, bispectrum, etc. A collective effort on detection of the signal by developing estimators of the statistical measures with rigorous assessment of their expected uncertainties, various challenges like that of the large foreground emission and calibration issues are also discussed. Various versions of the detection methods discussed here have also been used in practice with the GMRT with successful assessment of the foreground contamination and upper limits on the matter density in EoR and post-EoR. The collective efforts compiled here has been a large part of the global effort to prepare proper observational technique and analysis procedure for the first light of the CD-EoR through the SKA-Low.
description: 37 pages, 26 figures, Review article, Accepted for publication in the Special Issue of Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy on "Indian Participation in the SKA"
Direction-dependent coupling between a nanofiber-guided light field and a two-level atom with an electric quadrupole transition
Creators: name: Kien, Fam Le
name: Chormaic, Sile Nic
name: Busch, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the directional dependence of the coupling between a nanofiber-guided light field and a two-level atom with an electric quadrupole transition. We examine the situation where the atom lies on the fiber transverse axis $x$, the quantization axis for the atomic internal states is the other orthogonal transverse axis $y$, the atomic upper and lower levels are the magnetic sublevels $M'$ and $M$ of hyperfine-structure levels of an alkali-metal atom, and the field is in a quasilinearly polarized fundamental guided mode HE$_{11}$ with the polarization $ξ=x$ or $y$. We find that the absolute value of the quadrupole Rabi frequency depends on the propagation direction of the light field in the cases of ($M'-M=\pm1$, $ξ=y$) and ($M'-M=\pm2$, $ξ=x$). We show that the directional dependence of the coupling leads to the directional dependence of spontaneous emission into guided modes. We find that the directional dependence of the atom-field coupling in the case of quadrupole transitions is not entirely due to spin-orbit coupling of light: there are some other contributions resulting from the gradient of the spatial phase factor of the field.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2205.12440
Photoselective shade nets reducing postharvest decay development in pepper fruits
Creators: name: Goren, A.
name: Alkalia-Tuvia, S.
name: Perzelan, Y.
name: Aharon, Z.
name: Fallik, E.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: During two-year studies, we evaluated the influence of photoselective coloured shade nets on the quality of fresh harvested pepper fruits (Capsicum annuum) after prolonged storage and shelf life simulation. Pepper cultivar ‘Romans’ grown in a semi arid region under 35% pearl and yellow shade nets significantly maintained better pepper fruit quality after 16 days at 7°C plus three days at 20°C, mainly by reducing decay incidence during two consecutive years (2008 and 2009), compared to commercial black and red nets. No significant differences were observed in percentage of weight loss, firmness and total soluble solids in fruit harvested under the different coloured shade nets. The skin colour of fruit harvested under Pearl net was significantly lighter than that of fruit harvested under red and black shade nets and this fact can be associated with inhibition of fruit ripening during growth. After storability and shelf life simulation however skin colour was red to dark red under all shade nets. Pearl and yellow shade nets significantly reduced Alternaria spp. population in the field, which was evaluated with Alternaria-selective growing medium. The highest Alternaria population was found under red shade net. The significant low decay incidence in fruit harvested under pearl and yellow shade nets can be explained by the low inoculum level of Alternaria spp. in the field, and inhibition of fungal sporulation, and/or by a slowing of fruit ripening during its growth, reducing fruit susceptibility to fungal infection in the field due to the scattered light, its quality and the ratio between the light spectrum under the two shade nets.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Fibrous root distribution in Pineapple orange trees under semi- arid irrigated ecosystem
Creators: name: Dalal, R.P.S.
name: Thakur, A.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: The root distribution pattern of 17-year-old pineapple orange trees budded on Rough lemon, Cleopatra and Troyer citrange rootstocks were studied by root excavation method at four radial distances, 0-75, 75-150, 150-225 and 225-300 cm from tree trunk, and at three depths, 0-15, 15-30 and 30-60 cm. Fibrous root length density (FRLD) and fibrous root length percentage differed significantly at various depths and radial distances among rootstocks. FRLD was closer to tree trunk on both horizontal and vertical planes. Root density decreased from 0.183 to 0.084, 1.051 to 0.238 and 0.238 to 0.095 cm.cm-3 from 0-15 cm to 30-60 cm depth within 0-75 cm radial distances from tree trunk in trees on Rough lemon, Cleopatra and Troyer citrange, respectively. Cleopatra contains the highest 0.231 cm.cm-3 FRLD as compared to 0.051 cm.cm-3 in Rough lemon and Troyer citrange. Troyer citrange has intensive lateral root development with 84% fibrous roots (FR) within 75 cm radial distance, whereas Rough lemon and Troyer has an appreciable amount up to 225 cm distance (extensive lateral). Cleopatra contained 57% FR in upper soil layer (0-15 cm) (intensive vertical). In Rough lemon and Troyer 54% FR are confined to lower depth 15-60 cm (extensive vertical root development). Troyer and Rough lemon had the same vertical, whereas Rough lemon and Cleopatra showed the same horizontal rooting pattern under arid irrigated ecosystem. Thus, irrigation depth and fertilizer placement should be critically rootstock specific.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)
Reciprocal link for a coupled Camassa-Holm type equation
Creators: name: Li, Nianhua
name: Zhang, Jinshun
name: Wu, Lihua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A coupled Camassa-Holm type equation is linked to the first negative flow of a modified Drinfeld-Sokolov III hierarchy by a transformation of reciprocal type. Meanwhile the Lax pair and bi-Hamiltonian structure behaviors of this coupled Camassa-Holm type equation under change of variables are analyzed.
Three Examples in the Dynamical Systems Theory
Creators: name: Sevryuk, Mikhail B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R17, 53D12, 37C15

description: We present three explicit curious simple examples in the theory of dynamical systems. The first one is an example of two analytic diffeomorphisms $R$, $S$ of a closed two-dimensional annulus that possess the intersection property but their composition $RS$ does not ($R$ being just the rotation by $π/2$). The second example is that of a non-Lagrangian $n$-torus $L_0$ in the cotangent bundle $T^\ast{\mathbb T}^n$ of ${\mathbb T}^n$ ($n\geq 2$) such that $L_0$ intersects neither its images under almost all the rotations of $T^\ast{\mathbb T}^n$ nor the zero section of $T^\ast{\mathbb T}^n$. The third example is that of two one-parameter families of analytic reversible autonomous ordinary differential equations of the form $\dot{x}=f(x,y)$, $\dot{y}=μg(x,y)$ in the closed upper half-plane $\{y\geq 0\}$ such that for each family, the corresponding phase portraits for $0<μ<1$ and for $μ>1$ are topologically non-equivalent. The first two examples are expounded within the general context of symplectic topology.
Multi‐Channel Lanthanide Nanocomposites for Customized Synergistic Treatment of Orthotopic Multi‐Tumor Cases
Creators: name: Liu, Yuxin
name: Zhu, Xingjun
name: Wei, Zheng
name: Wu, Kefan
name: Zhang, Junfang
name: Mutti, Francesco G.
name: Zhang, Hong
name: Loeffler, Felix F.
name: Zhou, Jing
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Drug Release
subject: Fluorescent Probes
subject: Lanthanide-Doped Nanoparticles
subject: Synergistic Therapy
subject: Temperature Sensing
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Simultaneous photothermal ablation of multiple tumors is limited by unpredictable photo-induced apoptosis, caused by individual intratumoral differences. Here, a multi-channel lanthanide nanocomposite was used to achieve tailored synergistic treatment of multiple subcutaneous orthotopic tumors under non-uniform whole-body infrared irradiation prescription. The nanocomposite reduces intratumoral glutathione by simultaneously activating the fluorescence and photothermal channels. The fluorescence provides individual information on different tumors, allowing customized prescriptions to be made. This enables optimal induction of hyperthermia and dosage of chemo drugs, to ensure treatment efficacy, while avoiding overtherapy. With an accessional therapeutic laser system, customized synergistic treatment of subcutaneous orthotopic cancer cases with multiple tumors is possible with both high efficacy and minimized side effects.
Solar Orbiter and SDO Observations, and Bifrost MHD Simulations of Small-scale Coronal Jets
Creators: name: Panesar, Navdeep K.
name: Hansteen, Viggo H.
name: Tiwari, Sanjiv K.
name: Cheung, Mark C. M.
name: Berghmans, David
name: Müller, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report high-resolution, high-cadence observations of five small-scale coronal jets in an on-disk quiet Sun region observed with Solar Orbiter's EUI/\hri\ in 174 Å. We combine the \hri\ images with the EUV images of SDO/AIA and investigate magnetic setting of the jets using co-aligned line-of-sight magnetograms from SDO/HMI. The \hri\ jets are miniature versions of typical coronal jets as they show narrow collimated spires with a base brightening. Three out of five jets result from a detectable minifilament eruption following flux cancelation at the neutral line under the minifilament, analogous to coronal jets. To better understand the physics of jets, we also analyze five small-scale jets from a high-resolution Bifrost MHD simulation in synthetic \FeIX/\FeX\ emissions. The jets in the simulation reside above neutral lines and four out of five jets are triggered by magnetic flux cancelation. The temperature maps show the evidence of cool gas in the same four jets. Our simulation also shows the signatures of opposite Doppler shifts (of the order of $\pm$10s of \kms) in the jet spire, which is evidence of untwisting motion of the magnetic field in the jet spire. The average jet duration, spire length, base width, and speed in our observations (and in synthetic \FeIX/\FeX\ images) are 6.5$\pm$4.0 min (9.0$\pm$4.0 min), 6050$\pm$2900 km (6500$\pm$6500 km), 2200$\pm$850 km, (3900$\pm$2100 km), and 60$\pm$8 \kms\ (42$\pm$20 \kms), respectively. Our observation and simulation results provide a unified picture of small-scale solar coronal jets driven by magnetic reconnection accompanying flux cancelation. This picture also aligns well with the most recent reports of the formation and eruption mechanisms of larger coronal jets.
description: 15 pages, 9 Figures, 1 Table, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Multi-transitional SHAPEMOL modelling of M1-92: the discovery of a shock excited hot molecular component
Creators: name: Domínguez-Salamanca, Ismael
name: Alcolea, Javier
name: Bujarrabal, Valentín
name: Santander-García, Miguel
name: Agúndez, Marcelino
name: Castro-Carrizo, Arancha
name: Desmurs, Jean-François
name: Sánchez Contreras, Carmen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: post-AGBs
pPNe
mass-loss
mm-interferometry
stellar evolution
M1-92

description: M1-92, a.k.a. Minkoski's Footprint nebula, is a pre-planetary nebula (pPN) well studied at a wide range of wavelengths (from cm-radio waves to the optical). We have used NOEMA maps and single-dish data from CO isotopologues to model M1-92 with SHAPE and SHAPEMOL in order to obtain more information about the nebula and its evolution.
description: {"references": ["Alcolea, J., Ag\u00fandez, M., Bujarrabal, V., et al. (2022). M1-92 Revisited: New Findings and Open Questions: New NOEMA Observations of Minkowski's Footprint. Galaxies, 10(2): 47. doi:10.3390/galaxies10020047.", "B\u00f6hm, K.-H. & Solf, J. (1994). A Sub-Arcsecond--Scale Spectroscopic Study of the Complex Mass Outflows in the Vicinity of T Tauri. Astrophysical Journal, 430: 277. doi:10.1086/174402", "Bujarrabal, V., Alcolea, J., Neri, R., et al. (1997). The mass and temperature distribution in the protoplanetary nebula M1-92: 13CO interferometric observations. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 320: 540-522.", "Santander-Garc\u00eda, M., Bujarrabal, V., Koning, N., et al. (2015). SHAPEMOL: a 3D code for calculating CO line emission in planetary and protoplanetary nebulae. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 573: A56. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201322348", "Steffen, W., Koning, N., Wenger, S., et al. (2007). Shape: A 3D Modeling Tool for Astrophysics. IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, 6:1. doi:10.48550/arXiv.1003.2012"]}
Foliar application of molybdenum: effects on yield quality of the grapevine Sangiovese (Vitis vinifera L.)
Creators: name: Masi, E.
name: Boselli, M.
Publisher: name: Advances in Horticultural Science
Year: 2013

description: Field experiments with Sangiovese vines were carried out in the Chianti Classico region over a period of two years to examine the effect of molybdenum (Mo) foliar sprays on nutrient composition of leaves, petioles and berries, leaf gas exchanges, must composition, total yield, bunch size and pruning weight. Two Mo foliar doses and time sprays (Mox1: one application in early flowering; Mox3: three applications in early flowering, early fruit set and veraison) were applied. Basal sample of petioles, leaves and berries collected at fruit set (except berries), veraison and harvest for mineral analyses showed not relevant interactions between Mo and the main macro and micronutrients. Leaf gas exchanges monitored after the applications, as well as SPAD units, showed a higher activity in the Mox3-treated vines. Increased vigour was also confirmed by the slightly higher total yield, bunch size and pruning weight, as well as the delay in fruit maturation (lower sugar and polyphenol contents at harvest). No relevant discrepancy between Mox1 and the control was found, except for higher soluble solid and yeast-assimilable nitrogen contents (YANC) in the treated vines. YANC was positively influenced also in the Mox3 vines, however with no significant differences towards the Mox1 treatment. The application of Mo as a useful tool to stimulate nitrogen metabolism, as well as indications about dose and time of Mo application, are discussed.
description: Advances in Horticultural Science, Vol 25 No 1 (2011)