cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Advanced finite-element methods for design and analysis of nanooptical structures: Applications
Creators: name: Burger, S.
name: Zschiedrich, L.
name: Pomplun, J.
name: Blome, M.
name: Schmidt, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An overview on recent applications of the finite-element method Maxwell-solver JCMsuite to simulation tasks in nanooptics is given. Numerical achievements in the fields of optical metamaterials, plasmonics, photonic crystal fibers, light emitting devices, solar cells, optical lithography, optical metrology, integrated optics, and photonic crystals are summarized.
Transport gap in a ν=1/3 quantum Hall system: A probe for skyrmions
Creators: name: Dethlefsen, Annelene F.
name: Haug, Rolf J.
name: Výborný, Karel
name: Čertík, Ondrej
name: Wójs, Arkadiusz
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: skyrmions
subject: IQHE
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Transport measurements of the activation gap at fractional filling factor 1/3 are compared to results of exact diagonalization, allowing identification of a small anti-skyrmion as the lowest excitation in the low-field regime. In agreement with theory, a crossover to spinless excitations at higher electron densities is observed. Two samples of different quality are investigated. A detailed description of the theoretical calculation of activation gaps is presented and features which should be taken into account are summarized: finite thickness, Landau level mixing, and comparison between different sizes of the model system and-whenever possible-also between different geometries (torus and sphere). Within the chosen model of disorder (entailing a single fit parameter) we obtain a good agreement between calculated energies and experimental results. © 2006 The American Physical Society.
Spectra and nuclear modification factor of charged hadrons produced in lead-lead collisions at sqrt(s_NN)=2.76TeV with the ATLAS detector at the LHC
Creators: name: Balek, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The measurement of charged particle spectra in heavy ion collisions is a way to study properties of hot and dense matter created in these interactions. The centrality dependence of the spectral shape is an important tool to understand the energy loss mechanism. The ATLAS detector at the LHC accumulated integrated luminosity equal to 0.15nb^{-1} of lead-lead data at 2.76TeV per nucleon-nucleon pair. Due to the excellent capabilities of the ATLAS detector, and its stable operation in 2010 and 2011 heavy ion physics runs, these data allow measurements of the charged particle spectra and their ratios in different centrality bins over a wide range of transverse momenta (0.5-150GeV) and pseudorapidity (|eta|<2.5). The measured ratio central to peripheral events shows a suppresion by a factor of 5 at pT=7GeV. At higher pT the ratio increases.
Individual project on theme "Glycine Willd." (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Mikhaylova, Mariya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Михайловой Марии Евгеньевны по теме "Glycine Willd." в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
XMM-Newton and SRG/eROSITA observations of the isolated neutron star candidate 4XMM J022141.5-735632
Creators: name: Pires, Adriana M.
name: Motch, Christian
name: Kurpas, Jan
name: Schwope, Axel D.
name: Valdes, Frank
name: Haberl, Frank
name: Traulsen, Iris
name: Tubin, Dusan
name: Becker, Werner
name: Comparat, Johan
name: Maitra, Chandreyee
name: Meisner, Aaron
name: Moustakas, John
name: Salvato, Mara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of follow-up investigations of a possible new thermally emitting isolated neutron star (INS), 4XMM J022141.5-735632, using observations from XMM-Newton and Spectrum Roentgen Gamma (SRG) eROSITA. The analysis is complemented by Legacy Survey imaging in the optical and near-infrared wavelengths. The X-ray source, the first to be targeted by XMM-Newton in an effort to identify new INS candidates from the fourth generation of the XMM-Newton serendipitous source catalogue Data Release 9 (4XMM-DR9), shows a remarkably soft energy distribution and a lack of catalogued counterparts; the very high X-ray-to-optical flux ratio virtually excludes any other identification than an INS. Within current observational limits, no significant flux variation nor change of spectral state is registered over nearly ten years. Future dedicated observations, particularly to search for pulsations, are crucial to shed further light on the nature of the X-ray source and relations to other Galactic neutron stars.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Spin-dependent shot noise enhancement in a quantum dot
Creators: name: Ubbelohde, Niels
name: Fricke, Christian
name: Hohls, Frank
name: Haug, Rolf J.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: The spin-dependent dynamical blockade was investigated in a lateral quantum dot in a magnetic field. Spin-polarized edge channels in the two-dimensional leads and the spatial distribution of Landau orbitals in the dot modulate the tunnel coupling of the quantum dot level spectrum. In a measurement of the electron shot noise we observe a pattern of super-Poissonian noise which is correlated to the spin-dependent competition between different transport channels. © 2013 American Physical Society.
Ultracold bosons in zig-zag optical lattices
Creators: name: Greschner, Sebastian
name: Santos, Luis
name: Vekua, T.
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Attractive interactions
subject: Lattice geometry
subject: Mott insulators
subject: State-of-the-art techniques
subject: Three body
subject: Two-body interactions
subject: Ultracold bosons
subject: Zig-zag
subject: Crystal lattices
subject: Optical lattices
subject: Optical materials
subject: Bosons
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Ultracold bosons in zig-zag optical lattices present a rich physics due to the interplay between frustration induced by lattice geometry, two-body interactions, and a three-body constraint. Unconstrained bosons may develop chiral superfluidity and become a Mott insulator even at vanishingly small interactions. Bosons with a three-body constraint allow for a Haldane-insulator phase in nonpolar gases, as well as pair superfluidity and density-wave phases for attractive interactions. These phases may be created and detected within the current state-of-the-art techniques. © 2013 American Physical Society.
Optimized norm-conserving Vanderbilt pseudopotentials
Creators: name: Hamann, D. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fully-nonlocal two-projector norm-conserving pseudopotentials are shown to be compatible with a systematic approach to the optimization of convergence with the size of the plane-wave basis. A new formulation of the optimization is developed, including the ability to apply it to positive-energy atomic scattering states, and to enforce greater continuity in the pseudopotential. The generalization of norm-conservation to multiple projectors is reviewed and recast for the present purposes. Comparisons among the results of all-electron and one- and two-projector norm-conserving pseudopotential calculations of lattice constants and bulk moduli are made for a group of solids chosen to represent a variety of types of bonding and a sampling of the periodic table.
Large free linear algebras of real and complex functions
Creators: name: Bartoszewicz, Artur
name: Gł\cab, Szymon
name: Paszkiewicz, Adam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A03, 28A20, 26A15

description: Let $X$ be a set of cardinality $κ$ such that $κ^ω=κ$. We prove that the linear algebra $\mathbb{R}^X$ (or $\mathbb{C}^X$) contains a free linear algebra with $2^κ$ generators. Using this, we prove several algebrability results for spaces $\mathbb{C}^\mathbb{C}$ and $\mathbb{R}^\mathbb{R}$. In particular, we show that the set of all perfectly everywhere surjective functions $f:\mathbb{C}\to\mathbb{C}$ is strongly $2^\mathfrak{c}$-algebrable. We also show that the set of all functions $f:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ whose sets of continuity points equals some fixed $G_δ$ set $G$ is strongly $2^\mathfrak{c}$-algebrable if and only if $\mathbb{R}\setminus G$ is $\mathfrak{c}$-dense in itself.
title: Meinungsbildung oder Manipulation? FPÖ-TV vs. ZIB 1
title: Ein kritischer Blick auf die politische Berichterstattung zweier Medienplattformen
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Badergruber, Luise
name: Fürst, Miriam
name: Schätz, Konstantin
name: Scheugenpflug, Maximilian
Publisher: name: Universität Salzburg
Year: 2019

description: Politics has opened up to the Internet public and uses „[…] the net as a means for simple and direct communication.“ (Grunwald 2006: S. 14, translation) Political parties present their own views directly and unfiltered via social media channels, which leads to a one-sided representation of facts. For this research project a comparison of the YouTube channel FPÖ-TV and the news programme ZIB 1 was undertaken, with regards to journalistic quality criteria as well as the presentation of images and sound. The research shows that the producers of FPÖ-TV use some quality criteria to create the impression of a news format. However, criteria that guarantee factual and reflected journalism hardly apply.
The different star-formation histories of blue and red spiral and elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Tojeiro, Rita
name: Masters, Karen L.
name: Richards, Joshua
name: Percival, Will J.
name: Bamford, Steven P.
name: Maraston, Claudia
name: Nichol, Robert C.
name: Skibba, Ramin
name: Thomas, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We study the spectral properties of intermediate mass galaxies as a function of colour and morphology. We use Galaxy Zoo to define three morphological classes of galaxies, namely early-types (ellipticals), late-type (disk-dominated) face-on spirals and early-type (bulge-dominated) face-on spirals. We classify these galaxies as blue or red according to their SDSS g-r colour and use the spectral fitting code VESPA to calculate time-resolved star-formation histories, metallicity and total starlight dust extinction from their SDSS fibre spectra. We find that red late-type spirals show less star-formation in the last 500 Myr than blue late-type spirals by up to a factor of three, but share similar star-formation histories at earlier times. This decline in recent star-formation explains their redder colour: their chemical and dust content are the same. We postulate that red late-type spirals are recent descendants of blue late-type spirals, with their star-formation curtailed in the last 500 Myrs. The red late-type spirals are however still forming stars approximately 17 times faster than red ellipticals over the same period. Red early-type spirals lie between red late-type spirals and red ellipticals in terms of recent-to-intermediate star-formation and dust content. Therefore, it is plausible that these galaxies represent an evolutionary link between these two populations. They are more likely to evolve directly into red ellipticals than red late-type spirals. Blue ellipticals show similar star-formation histories as blue spirals (regardless of type), except they have formed less stars in the last 100 Myrs. However, blue ellipticals have different dust content, which peaks at lower extinction values than all spiral galaxies.
description: To be published in MNRAS
The coexistence of the streaming instability and the vertical shear instability in protoplanetary disks: Planetesimal formation thresholds explored in two-dimensional global models
Creators: name: Schäfer, Urs
name: Johansen, Anders
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The streaming instability is a promising mechanism to induce the formation of planetesimals. Nonetheless, this process has been found in previous studies to require either a dust-to-gas surface density ratio or a dust size that is enhanced compared to observed values. Employing two-dimensional global simulations of protoplanetary disks, we show that the vertical shear instability and the streaming instability in concert can cause dust concentration that is sufficient for planetesimal formation for lower surface density ratios and smaller dust sizes than the streaming instability in isolation, and in particular under conditions that are consistent with observational constraints. This is because dust overdensities forming in pressure bumps induced by the vertical shear instability act as seeds for the streaming instability and are enhanced by it. While our two-dimensional model does not include self-gravity, we find that strong dust clumping and the formation (and dissolution) of gravitationally unstable overdensities can be robustly inferred from the evolution of the maximum or the mean dust-to-gas volume density ratio. The vertical shear instability puffs up the dust layer to an average mid-plane dust-to-gas density ratio that is significantly below unity. We therefore find that reaching a mid-plane density ratio of one is not necessary to trigger planetesimal formation via the streaming instability when it acts in unison with the vertical shear instability.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures, 2 tables; accepted for publication in A&A; comments welcome
J-PLUS: Discovery and characterisation of ultracool dwarfs using Virtual Observatory tools II. Second data release and machine learning methodology
Creators: name: Mas-Buitrago, P.
name: Solano, E.
name: González-Marcos, A.
name: Rodrigo, C.
name: Martín, E. L.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Jiménez-Esteban, F.
name: Cruz, P.
name: Ederoclite, A.
name: Ordieres-Meré, J.
name: Bello-García, A.
name: Dupke, R. A.
name: Cenarro, A. J.
name: Cristóbal-Hornillos, D.
name: Hernández-Monteagudo, C.
name: López-Sanjuan, C.
name: Marín-Franch, A.
name: Moles, M.
name: Varela, J.
name: Ramió, H. Vázquez
name: Alcaniz, J.
name: Sodré, L.
name: Angulo, R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ultracool dwarfs (UCDs) comprise the lowest mass members of the stellar population and brown dwarfs, from M7 V to cooler objects with L, T, and Y spectral types. Most of them have been discovered using wide-field imaging surveys, for which the Virtual Observatory (VO) has proven to be of great utility. We aim to perform a search for UCDs in the entire Javalambre Photometric Local Universe Survey (J-PLUS) second data release (2176 deg$^2$) following a VO methodology. We also explore the ability to reproduce this search with a purely machine learning (ML)-based methodology that relies solely on J-PLUS photometry. We followed three different approaches based on parallaxes, proper motions, and colours, respectively, using the VOSA tool to estimate the effective temperatures. For the ML methodology, we built a two-step method based on principal component analysis and support vector machine algorithms. We identified a total of 7827 new candidate UCDs, which represents an increase of about 135% in the number of UCDs reported in the sky coverage of the J-PLUS second data release. Among the candidate UCDs, we found 122 possible unresolved binary systems, 78 wide multiple systems, and 48 objects with a high Bayesian probability of belonging to a young association. We also identified four objects with strong excess in the filter corresponding to the Ca II H and K emission lines and four other objects with excess emission in the H$α$ filter. With the ML approach, we obtained a recall score of 92% and 91% in the test and blind test, respectively. We consolidated the proposed search methodology for UCDs, which will be used in deeper and larger upcoming surveys such as J-PAS and Euclid. We concluded that the ML methodology is more efficient in the sense that it allows for a larger number of true negatives to be discarded prior to analysis with VOSA, although it is more photometrically restrictive.
description: Accepted in A&A
Global conserved quantities and unfree gauge symmetry
Creators: name: Abakumova, V. A.
name: Lyakhovich, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a class of theories with unfree gauge symmetry, whose gauge parameters are restricted by differential equations. We demonstrate that such theories admit global conserved quantities, whose on-shell values are defined by asymptotics of the fields rather than Cauchy data. The global conserved quantities can be deduced proceeding from the equations restricting gauge parameters, and they are treated differently by two BRST complexes corresponding to a system with unfree gauge symmetry.
description: 6 pages, to appear in PEPAN Letters
Lie - point and variational symmetries in minisuperspace Einstein's gravity
Creators: name: Christodoulakis, T.
name: Dimakis, N.
name: Terzis, Petros A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 83Fxx

description: We consider the application of the theory of symmetries of coupled ordinary differential equations to the case of reparametrisation invariant Lagrangians quadratic in the velocities; such Lagrangians encompass all minisuperspace models. We find that, in order to acquire the maximum number of symmetry generators, one must (a) consider the lapse $N(t)$ among the degrees of freedom and (b) allow the action of the generator on the Lagrangian and/or the equations of motion to produce a multiple of the constraint, rather than strictly zero. The result of this necessary modification of the standard theory (concerning regular systems) is that the Lie - point symmetries of the equations of motion are exactly the variational symmetries (containing the time reparametrisation symmetry) plus the well known scaling symmetry. These variational symmetries are seen to be the simultaneous conformal Killing fields of both the metric and the potential, thus coinciding with the conditional symmetries defined in phase space. In a parametrisation of the lapse for which the potential becomes constant, the generators of the aforementioned symmetries become the Killing fields of the scaled supermetric and the homothetic field respectively.
description: Latex source file 20 pages, no figures
High-order isospin-dependent surface tension contribution to the fourth-order symmetry energy of finite nuclei
Creators: name: Cai, Bao-Jun
name: Wang, Rui
name: Zhang, Zhen
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relation between the fourth-order symmetry energy $E_{\rm{sym,4}}(ρ_0)$ of nuclear matter at saturation density $ρ_0$ and its counterpart $a_{\rm{sym,4}}(A)$ of finite nuclei in a semiempirical nuclear mass formula is revisited by considering the high-order isospin-dependent surface tension contribution to the latter. We derive the full expression of $a_{\rm{sym,4}}(A)$, which includes explicitly the high-order isospin-dependent surface tension effects, and find that the value of $E_{\rm{sym,4}}(ρ_0)$ cannot be extracted from the measured $a_{\rm{sym,4}}(A)$ before the high-order surface tension is well constrained. Our results imply that a large $a_{\rm{sym,4}}(A)$ value of several MeVs obtained from analyzing nuclear masses can nicely agree with the empirical constraint of $E_{\rm{sym,4}}(ρ_0)\lesssim 2$ MeV from mean-field models and does not necessarily lead to a large $E_{\rm{sym,4}}(ρ_0)$ value of $\approx 20$ MeV obtained previously without considering the high-order surface tension. Furthermore, we also give the expression for the sixth-order symmetry energy $a_{\rm{sym,6}}(A)$ of finite nuclei, which involves more nuclear matter bulk parameters and the higher-order isospin-dependent surface tension.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Minor corrections. Published version in PRC
Optical waveguide arrays: quantum effects and PT symmetry breaking
Creators: name: Joglekar, Yogesh N.
name: Thompson, Clinton
name: Scott, Derek D.
name: Vemuri, Gautam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the last two decades, advances in fabrication have led to significant progress in creating patterned heterostructures that support either carriers, such as electrons or holes, with specific band structure or electromagnetic waves with a given mode structure and dispersion. In this article, we review the properties of light in coupled optical waveguides that support specific energy spectra, with or without the effects of disorder, that are well-described by a Hermitian tight-binding model. We show that with a judicious choice of the initial wave packet, this system displays the characteristics of a quantum particle, including transverse photonic transport and localization, and that of a classical particle. We extend the analysis to non-Hermitian, parity and time-reversal ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric Hamiltonians which physically represent waveguide arrays with spatially separated, balanced absorption or amplification. We show that coupled waveguides are an ideal candidate to simulate $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric Hamiltonians and the transition from a purely real energy spectrum to a spectrum with complex conjugate eigenvalues that occurs in them.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, Invited Review for European Physics Journal - Applied Physics
DACE - Datenkompetenzzentrum für Circular Economy - Auftaktevent Aachen
Creators: name: Pickmann, Pia Carina
name: Nolte, Annalisa
name: Kell, Raphaela
name: Brüggmann, Helen
name: Berg, Holger
name: Chehadé, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Foliensatz zur regionalen Auftaktveranstaltung des Projekts DACE - Datenkompetenzzentrum für Circular Economy in Aachen.

Der spannende Austausch mit den Teilnehmer*innen hat eindrucksvoll gezeigt, wie wichtig auch der regionale Zusammenhalt für die Weiterentwicklung der Circular Economy ist. Ein besonderer Dank gilt unseren Referent*innen Mohammad Chehadé, Michael Schmitz, Holger Berg, Raphaela Kell, Helen Brüggmann, Annalisa Nolte und Pia Carina Pickmann die mit ihren Beiträgen das Event bereichert haben. 

Gefreut haben wir uns auch über die vielen Poster-Einreichungen, die den wissenschaftlichen Diskurs beleben konnten. Für einen ausführlicheren visuellen Eindruck der Veranstaltung, schaut gerne in der Galerie auf unserer Website vorbei.

https://dace-info.de/

 

English version: 

Set of slides for the regional kick-off event of the DACE project - Data Competence Center for Circular Economy in Aachen.

The exciting exchange with the participants impressively showed how important regional cohesion is for the further development of the circular economy. Special thanks go to our speakers Mohammad Chehadé, Michael Schmitz, Holger Berg, Raphaela Kell, Helen Brüggmann, Annalisa Nolte and Pia Carina Pickmann, who enriched the event with their contributions. 

We were also delighted with the many poster submissions, which enlivened the scientific discourse. For a more detailed visual impression of the event, please take a look at the gallery on our website.

https://dace-info.de/
Experimental realization of dynamo action: present status and prospects
Creators: name: Giesecke, Andre
name: Stefani, Frank
name: Gundrum, Thomas
name: Gerbeth, Gunter
name: Nore, Caroline
name: Leorat, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the last decades, the experimental study of dynamo action has made great progress. However, after the dynamo experiments in Karlsruhe and Riga, the von-Karman-Sodium (VKS) dynamo is only the third facility that has been able to demonstrate fluid flow driven self-generation of magnetic fields in a laboratory experiment. Further progress in the experimental examination of dynamo action is expected from the planned precession driven dynamo experiment that will be designed in the framework of the liquid sodium facility DRESDYN (DREsden Sodium facility for DYNamo and thermohydraulic studies). In this paper, we briefly present numerical models of the VKS dynamo that demonstrate the close relation between the axisymmetric field observed in that experiment and the soft iron material used for the flow driving impellers. We further show recent results of preparatory water experiments and design studies related to the precession dynamo and delineate the scientific prospects for the final set-up.
description: Proceedings of IAUS 294 "Solar and Astrophysical Dynamos and Magnetic Activity" Editors A.G. Kosovichev, E.M. de Gouveia Dal Pino, & Y.Yan, Cambridge University Press, to appear (2013); 6 pages 4 figures
Sieversia montana
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: A. depressus L. Cat. 77. ^ Kalkalpen der nördlichen Kette in den Distr.l und2 (Dent de Mordes bis Alpen von Montana). von JACCARD angesetzte obere Höhengrenze 2700m dürfte zu hoch sein. Keine neuen Fundorte von Belang bekanntgeworden.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Temperature-dependent electron Landé g factor and the interband matrix element of GaAs
Creators: name: Hübner, Jens
name: Döhrmann, S.
name: Hägele, D.
name: Oestreich, Michael
Publisher: name: College Park, MD : American Physical Society
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::530 | Physik

description: Very high precision measurements of the electron Landé g factor in GaAs are presented using spin-quantum beat spectroscopy at low excitation densities and temperatures ranging from 2.6 to 300 K. In colligation with available data for the temperature-dependent effective mass temperature dependence of the interband matrix element within a common five-level k⋅p theory can model both parameters consistently. A strong decrease in the interband matrix element with increasing temperature consistently closes a long lasting gap between experiment and theory and substantially improves the modeling of both parameters. © 2009 The American Physical Society.
SOFIA/HAWC+ observations of the Crab Nebula: dust properties from polarised emission
Creators: name: Chastenet, Jérémy
name: De Looze, Ilse
name: Hensley, Brandon S.
name: Vandenbroucke, Bert
name: Barlow, Mike J.
name: Rho, Jeonghee
name: Ravi, Aravind P.
name: Gomez, Haley L.
name: Kirchschlager, Florian
name: Macías-Pérez, Juan
name: Matsuura, Mikako
name: Pattle, Kate
name: Ponthieu, Nicolas
name: Priestley, Felix D.
name: Relaño, Monica
name: Ritacco, Alessia
name: Wesson, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supernova remnants (SNRs) are well-recognised dust producers, but their net dust production rate remains elusive due to uncertainties in grain properties that propagate into observed dust mass uncertainties, and determine how efficiently these grains are processed by reverse shocks. In this paper, we present a detection of polarised dust emission in the Crab pulsar wind nebula, the second SNR with confirmed polarised dust emission after Cassiopeia A. We constrain the bulk composition of the dust with new SOFIA/HAWC+ polarimetric data in band C 89 um and band D 154 um. After correcting for synchrotron polarisation, we report dust polarisation fractions ranging between 3.7-9.6 per cent and 2.7-7.6 per cent in three individual dusty filaments at 89 and 154 um, respectively. The detected polarised signal suggests the presence of large (> 0.05-0.1 um) grains in the Crab Nebula. With the observed polarisation, and polarised and total fluxes, we constrain the temperatures and masses of carbonaceous and silicate grains. We find that the carbon-rich grain mass fraction varies between 12 and 70 per cent, demonstrating that carbonaceous and silicate grains co-exist in this SNR. Temperatures range from 40 K to 70 K and from 30 K to 50 K for carbonaceous and silicate grains, respectively. Dust masses range from 10^{-4} Msol to 10^{-2} Msol for carbonaceous grains and to 10^{-1} Msol for silicate grains, in three individual regions.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 16 pages, 8 figures + 2 Appendices, 2 figures
Crystal structure of samarium-strontium-calcium orthoaluminotantalate, (Sm0.40Sr0.50Ca0.10)(Al0.70Ta0.30)O-3
Creators: name: Gesing, Thorsten M.
name: Uecker, Reinhard
name: Zheng, Wie
name: Buhl, Josef-Christian
Publisher: name: München : Oldenbourg
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: mineralogy
subject: crystallography
subject: Mineralogie
subject: Kristallographie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Al2.90Ca0.45O12Sm1.59Si2Ta1.10, tetragonal, I4 (no 82), a = 5 4174(8) angstrom, c = 7 643(2) angstrom, V = 224 3 angstrom(3), Z = 1, R-gt(F) = 0 039, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.1258, T = 298 K.
Theory of solar oscillations in the inertial frequency range: Amplitudes of equatorial modes from a nonlinear rotating convection simulation
Creators: name: Bekki, Yuto
name: Cameron, Robert H.
name: Gizon, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Several types of inertial modes have been detected on the Sun. Properties of these inertial modes have been studied in the linear regime but have not been studied in nonlinear simulations of solar rotating convection. Comparing the nonlinear simulations, the linear theory, and the solar observations is important to better understand the differences between the models and the real Sun. We wish to detect and characterize the modes present in a nonlinear numerical simulation of solar convection, in particular to understand the amplitudes and lifetimes of the modes. We developed a code with a Yin-Yang grid to carry out fully-nonlinear numerical simulations of rotating convection in a spherical shell. The stratification is solar-like up to 0.96R. The simulations cover a duration of about 15 solar years. Various large-scale modes at low frequencies are extracted from the simulation. Their characteristics are compared to those from the linear model and to the observations. Among other modes, both the equatorial Rossby modes and the columnar convective modes are seen in the simulation. The columnar convective modes contain most of the large-scale velocity power outside the tangential cylinder and substantially contribute to the heat and angular momentum transport. Equatorial Rossby modes with no radial node (n=0) are also found: They have the same spatial structures as the linear eigenfunctions. They are stochastically excited by convection and have the amplitudes of a few m/s and mode linewidths of about 20-30 nHz, which are comparable to those observed on the Sun. We also confirm the existence of the mixed modes between the equatorial Rossby modes and the columnar convective modes in our nonlinear simulation, as predicted by the linear eigenmode analysis. We also see the high-latitude mode with m=1 in our nonlinear simulation but its amplitude is much weaker than that observed on the Sun.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures, 1 table. Astronomy & Astrophysics
Crystal structure of caesium niobium tungsten bronzes, Cs-0.23(Nb0.09W0.91)O-3 andCs(0.29)(Nb0.10W0.90)O-3
Creators: name: Dey, K.R.
name: Gesing, Thorsten M.
name: Rüscher, Claus H.
name: Hussain, A.
Publisher: name: München : Oldenbourg
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: mineralogy
subject: crystallography
subject: Mineralogie
subject: Kristallographie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Cso.23Nbo.09O3Wo.91 (1) hexagonal, P63/mcm (No. 193), a = 7.3998(2) Å, c = 7.5732(2) Å, V = 359.1 Å³, Ζ = 6, wR(P) =0.062, R(P)=0.044,R(I)=0.023, R(F)=0.012, T= 293 K. Cs0.29Nb0.10O3W0.90 (2), hexagonal, P63/mcm (No. 193), a = 7.3992(2) Å, c = 7.5867(2) Å, V = 359.7 Å³, Ζ = 6, wR(P)=0.080, R(P)=0.057, R(I)=0.028, R(F)=0.014, T= 293 K.
Nuclear matrix elements for double-β decay
Creators: name: Barea, J.
name: Kotila, J.
name: Iachello, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: Direct determination of the neutrino mass through double-$β$ decay is at the present time one of the most important areas of experimental and theoretical research in nuclear and particle physics. Purpose: We calculate nuclear matrix elements for the extraction of the average neutrino mass in neutrinoless double-$β$ decay. Methods: The microscopic interacting boson model (IBM-2) is used. Results: Nuclear matrix elements in the closure approximation are calculated for $^{48}$Ca, $^{76}$Ge, $^{82}$Se, $^{96}$Zr, $^{100}$Mo, $^{110}$Pd, $^{116}$Cd, $^{124}$Sn, $^{128}$Te, $^{130}$Te, $^{148}$Nd, $^{150}$Nd, $^{154}$Sm, $^{160}$Gd, and $^{198}$Pt decay. Conclusions: Realistic predictions for the expected half-lives in neutrinoless double-$β$ decay with light and heavy neutrino exchange in terms of neutrino masses are made and limits are set from current experiments.
description: 23 pages, 13 figures; http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevC.87.014315
Thermodynamic Skewness Relation From Detailed Fluctuation Theorem
Creators: name: Salazar, Domingos S. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detailed fluctuation theorem (DFT) is a statement about the asymmetry in the statistics of the entropy production. Consequences of the DFT are the second law of thermodynamics and the thermodynamics uncertainty relation (TUR), which translate into lower bounds for the mean and variance of currents, respectively. However, far from equilibrium, mean and variance are not enough to characterize the underlying distribution of the entropy production. The fluctuations are not necessarily Gaussian (nor symmetric), which means its skewness could be nonzero. We prove that the DFT imposes a negative tight lower bound for the skewness of the entropy production as a function of the mean. As application, we check the bound in the heat exchange problem between two thermal reservoirs mediated by a qubit swap engine.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Crystal structure of manganese gallium germanium silicon oxide (garnet type), Mn-3(Ga2-yMny)(Ge3-zSiz)O-12 (y=0.6, z=0.14; y=0.44, z=0), and of manganese gallium germanium silicon oxide (braunite type), Mn(Mn6-yGay)(Si1-zGez)O-12 (y=0.7, z=0.4)
Creators: name: Wartchow, Rudolf
name: Müller, L.
name: Binnewies, Michael
Publisher: name: München : Oldenbourg
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: mineralogy
subject: crystallography
subject: Mineralogie
subject: Kristallographie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: Ga1.4Ge2.86Mn3.6O12Si0.14 (1), cubic, Ia3d (No. 230), a = 12.043(3) Angstrom, V = 1746.6 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, R-gt(F) = 0.028, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.062, T = 300 K. Ga1.56Ge3Mn3.44O12 (2), cubic, Ia3d (No. 230), a = 12.049(3) Angstrom, V = 1749.3 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, R-gt(F) = 0.023, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.052, T = 300 K. Ga0.7Ge0.4Mn6.3O12Si0.6 (3), tetragonal, I4(1)/acd (No. 142), a = 9.464(4) Angstrom, c = 18.78(3) Angstrom, V = 1682.1 Angstrom(3), Z = 8, R-gt(F) = 0.023, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.053, T = 300 K.
Detector Challenges of the strong-field QED experiment LUXE at the European XFEL
Creators: name: Ghenescu, Veta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The LUXE experiment aims at studying high-field QED in electron-laser and photon-laser interactions, with the 16.5 GeV electron beam of the European XFEL and a laser beam with power of up to 350 TW. The experiment will measure the spectra of electrons, positrons and photons in the expected range of ${10}^{-3}$ to ${10}^9$ per 1 Hz bunch crossing, depending on the laser power and focus. These measurements have to be performed in the presence of low-energy high radiation-background. To meet these challenges, for high-rate electron and photon fluxes, the experiment will use Cherenkov radiation detectors, scintillator screens, sapphire sensors as well as lead-glass monitors for backscattering off the beam-dump. A four-layer silicon-pixel tracker and a compact electromagnetic tungsten calorimeter with GaAs sensors will be used to measure the positron spectra. The layout of the experiment and the expected performance under the harsh radiation conditions, together with the test of the Cherenkov detector and the electromagnetic (EM) calorimeter performed recently at DESY, are presented. The experiment received a stage 0 critical approval (CD0) from the DESY management and is in the process of preparing its technical design report (TDR). It is expected to start running in 2025/2026.
description: 2 pages, 3 figures, Contribution to: PISA meeting, submitted to NIMA journal, LUXE proceedings number: LUXE-PROC-2022-005
Crystal structures of ethanol hemisolvates of (1S,3R,4S,8S,9R)-1N-boranyl-6'-methoxy-cinchonan-9-ol,C20H27BN2O2 center dot 1/2C(2)H(5)OH, and (1S,3S,4S,8S,9R)-1N-boranyl-10,11-didehydro-6 '-methoxy-cinchonan-9-ol, C20H25BN2O2 center dot 1/2C(2)H(5)OH
Creators: name: Wartchow, Rudolf
name: Roeper, J.S.
name: Hoffmann, H.M.R.
Publisher: name: München : Oldenbourg
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: mineralogy
subject: crystallography
subject: Mineralogie
subject: Kristallographie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::540 | Chemie

description: C21H30BN2O2.50, trigonal, R3 (no. 146), a = 26.759(5) angstrom, c = 7.431(2) angstrom, V = 4608.1 angstrom(3), Z = 9, R-gt(F) = 0.041, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.094, T = 300 K. C21H28BN2O2.50, trigonal, R3 (no. 146), a = 26.465(6) c = 7.375(2) angstrom, V = 4473.5 angstrom(3), Z = 9, R-gt(F) = 0.039, wR(ref)(F-2) = 0.062, T = 300 K.
Hartree-Fock approach to dynamical mass generation in the generalized (2+1)-dimensional Thirring model
Creators: name: Khunjua, T. G.
name: Klimenko, K. G.
name: Zhokhov, R. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The (2+1)-dimensional generalized massless Thirring model with 4-component Fermi-fields is investigated by the Hartree-Fock method. The Lagrangian of this model is constructed from two different four-fermion structures. One of them takes into account the vector$\times$vector channel of fermion interaction with coupling constant $G_v$, the other - the scalar$\times$scalar channel with coupling $G_s$. At some relation between bare couplings $G_s$ and $G_v$, the Hartree-Fock equation for self-energy of fermions can be renormalized, and dynamical generation of the Dirac and Haldane fermion masses is possible. As a result, phase portrait of the model consists of two nontrivial phases. In the first one the chiral symmetry is spontaneously broken due to dynamical appearing of the Dirac mass term, while in the second phase a spontaneous breaking of the spatial parity $\mathcal P$ is induced by Haldane mass term. It is shown that in the particular case of pure Thirring model, i.e. at $G_s=0$, the ground state of the system is indeed a mixture of these phases. Moreover, it was found that dynamical generation of fermion masses is possible for any finite number of Fermi-fields.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2111.04539
COVID-19 Pandemisinde Kronik Nörolojik Hastalıkların Tedavisinde Aksamalar
Creators: name: Şahin, Şevki
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: COVID; Neurology

description: Amaç: Dünya Sağlık Örgütü, COVID-19 pandemisi sırasında birçok ülkede kronik hastalıkları olan hastaların, sağlık hizmetlerine ve ilaçlara erişimlerinde zorluklar yaşandığını açıklamıştır. Ülkemizde ise kronik hastalığı olanların, tedavilerine olabildiğince kolay ulaşabilmeleri için yoğun önlemler alınmıştır (ilaç raporlarının uzatılması, eczaneden reçetesiz ilaç temininin sağlanması v.b. ). Ancak hastaların tedavilerinde aksamaların ne boyutta olduğuna dair bilgiler yeterli değildir. Bu bilgilerin dökümantasyonu ileride geliştirilecek takip stratejileri açısından önemlidir. Bu çalışmada ‘COVID-19 salgın sürecinde nörolojik hastalıklarda yaşam kalitesinin değerlendirilmesi’ isimli halen yürümekte olan projenin tedavide aksama ile ilgili alt parametrelerinin ön sonuçlarının paylaşılması amaçlanmıştır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışma; çok merkezli, randomize, prospektif, kesitsel, hasta veya yakınını ile yüz yüze görüşme sırasında hekim tarafından, dijital ortamda doldurulan bir anket çalışması olarak dizayn edilmiştir. Altı kronik nörolojik hastalık örneklem grubu olarak seçilmiştir (Başağrısı-BA, Parkinson hastalığı-PH, epilepsi, polinöropati-PNP, multipl skleroz-MS, inme). Bulgular: Toplam 175 hastanın kadın erkek oranı %55/45, yaş ortalaması 63±10 yıldır. Yalnız yaşama oranı %8’ dir. En sık komorbiditeler; hipertansiyon (%39) ve diyabetes mellitus (%18)’dur. Tedavide aksama hastaların %34’ünde saptanmıştır. Tedavide aksama oranları sırası ile PNP’de %30, PH’de %23, inme’de %20, başağrısında %18, epilepside %5, MS’de %4 olarak saptanmıştır. Yalnız yaşama oranı tedavisi aksayanlarda %9, tedavisi aksamayanlarda %7 olup istatiksel anlamlılık saptanmamıştır. Tedavide aksama olan grupta, yaş ortalaması 56±15 yıl, kadın/erkek oranı 31/25, eşlik eden kronik hastalık oranı %61; aksama olmayan grupta yaş ortalaması 53±17 yıl, kadın/erkek oranı 64/55, kronik hastalık oranı %55 olup, anlamlı farklılık saptanmamıştır. Sonuç: Tedavide aksama; PNP, PH ve inme gruplarında anlamlı düzeyde yüksek bulunmuştur. PNP grubunda tedavide aksamanın, intravenöz immün globulinin aylık idame dozunun alınamaması şeklinde yorumlanmıştır. PH ve inme grubunda ise fiziksel ve bilişsel bozukluklara bağlı, ilaç temini ve takibinde aksamalar olabileceği düşünülmüştür. Çalışmanın ilerleyen dönemlerinde, hasta sayısı arttıkça, daha net verilere ulaşılacaktır.
Exploring the multi-humped fission barrier of 238U via sub-barrier photofission
Creators: name: Csige, L.
name: Filipescu, D. M.
name: Glodariu, T.
name: Gulyás, J.
name: Günther, M. M.
name: Habs, D.
name: Karwowski, H. J.
name: Krasznahorkay, A.
name: Rich, G. C.
name: Sin, M.
name: Stroe, L.
name: Tesileanu, O.
name: Thirolf, P. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The photofission cross-section of 238U was measured at sub-barrier energies as a function of the gamma-ray energy using, for the first time, a monochromatic, high-brilliance, Compton-backscattered gamma-ray beam. The experiment was performed at the High Intensity gamma-ray Source (HIgS) facility at beam energies between E=4.7 MeV and 6.0 MeV and with ~3% energy resolution. Indications of transmission resonances have been observed at gamma-ray beam energies of E=5.1 MeV and 5.6 MeV with moderate amplitudes. The triple-humped fission barrier parameters of 238U have been determined by fitting EMPIRE-3.1 nuclear reaction code calculations to the experimental photofission cross section.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Customised display of large mineralogical (XRD) data: Geological advantages and applications
Creators: name: Coimbra, Rute
name: Kemna, Kilian B.
name: Rocha, Fernando
name: Horikx, Maurits
Publisher: name: Chichester : Wiley
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 3D mapping
subject: big data
subject: mineralogy
subject: sedimentary geology
subject: X-ray diffraction
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::500 | Naturwissenschaften::550 | Geowissenschaften

description: X-ray diffraction mineralogical analysis of geological sequences is a well-established procedure in both academia and industry, rendering a large volume of data in short-analytical time. Yet, standard data treatment and resulting interpretations present limitations related to the inherent complexities of natural geological materials (e.g. compositional variety, structural ordering), and are often time consuming and focussed on a very detailed inspection. Several alternatives were evaluated in terms of advantages and disadvantages to the main goal of generating a user-friendly, fast and intuitive way of processing a large volume of X-ray diffraction data. The potential of using raw X-ray diffraction data to interpret mineralogical diversity and relative phase abundances along sedimentary successions is explored here. A Python based program was tailored to assist in raw data organisation. After this automated step, a 3D surface computation renders the final result within minutes. This single-image representation can also be integrated with complementary information (sedimentary logs or other features of interest) for contrast and/or comparison in multi-proxy studies. The proposed approach was tested on a set of 81 bulk and clay-fraction diffractograms (intensity in counts per second—cps and respective angle—º2Ɵ) obtained from a Cenomanian mixed carbonate–siliciclastic stratigraphic succession, here explored by combining mineralogical (XY) and stratigraphic/geological information (Z). The main goal is to bypass preliminary data treatment, avoid time-consuming interpretation and unintended, but common, user-induced bias. Advantages of 3D modelling include fast processing and single-image solutions for large volumes of XRD data, combining mineralogical and stratigraphic information. This representation adds value by incorporating field (stratigraphic/sedimentological) information that complements and contextualises obtained mineralogical data. Limitations of using raw intensity data were evaluated by comparison with the results obtained via other standard data interpretation methods (e.g. semi-quantitative estimation). A visual and statistical contrast comparison confirmed a good equilibrium between computation speed and precision/utility of the final output. © 2022 The Authors. The Depositional Record published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of International Association of Sedimentologists.
Some steps to create a more inclusive classroom environment
Creators: name: Sosa, Karla
name: Noor, Mohamed A. F.
name: Notar, Julia
name: Eily, Ariana
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Handout with general guidelines on how to create more inclusive STEM classroom environments. It was generated as part of the programming by the Duke Biology Inclusion, Diversity, Equity and Anti-Racism (IDEA) Graduate Committee.