cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Optimization of [P6,6,6,14+]3[GdCl63−] magnetic ionic liquid assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction for selective and sensitive determination of cadmium in environmental water and food
Creators: name: Doğan, Bünyamin
name: Altunay, Nail
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology

description: A simple and green hydrophobic magnetic ionic-liquid assisted dispersive liquid-liquid microextraction (MIL-DLLME) was optimized for the determination of trace cadmium (Cd (II)) in environmental and food samples by flame atomic absorption spectrophotometer. To achieve selective and sensitive extraction of Cd (II), four MILs were prepared and tested. Extraction parameters of the MIL-DLLME including pH, type and volume of the MIL, type and volume of dispersive solvent, extraction cycle, ionic strength and sample volume were investigated in detail and optimized by Box–Behnken design. Under optimum conditions, matrix effect, recovery study, intra-day and inter-day precision were performed for the MIL-DLLM. The analytical characteristics such as limit of detection, limit of quantification and pre-concentration factor were 0.17, 0.56 and 125 ng mL−1, respectively. The validation of the MIL-DLLME was evaluated by analysis of reference materials. Moreover, the accuracy of the results in the analysis of real samples was evaluated by standard addition and quantitative recoveries (91 ± 5–101 ± 2%) were achieved. The results obtained in the analysis of both reference materials and real samples showed that the MIL-DLLME has a selective applicability for cadmium.
Spectral measurement of the thermal excitation of a superconducting qubit
Creators: name: Palacios-Laloy, Agustin
name: Mallet, F.
name: Nguyen, F.
name: Ong, F.
name: Bertet, P.
name: Vion, D.
name: Esteve, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the measurement of the fluctuations of a transmon qubit through the noise spectrum of the microwave signal that measures its state. The amplitude of the Lorentzian noise power spectrum allows to determine the average qubit excitation, in agreement with the estimated thermal radiation reaching the sample. Its width yields the qubit energy relaxation rate which decreases with temperature, contrary to the predictions for a two-level system solely coupled to thermal radiation. This indicates the existence of another non-radiative energy relaxation channel for the qubit.
The ForenSeq Study (R01HG011268)
Creators: name: Robinson, Jill Oliver
name: Guerrini, Christi
Publisher: name: OSF
Year: 2024
Subjects: Golden State Killer
forensic investigative genetic genealogy
investigative genetic genealogy
long-range familial DNA searching
policy
privacy

description: NIH funded research project (R01HG011268) exploring IGG
Optimization of water washing for mitigation of 3-monochloropropane 1,2 diol ester in palm oil physical refining process
Creators: name: Yung, Yen Li
name: Lakshmanan, Shyam
name: Chu, Chi Ming
name: Tham, Heng Jin
name: Kumaresan, Sivakumar
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: The presence of 3-monochloropropane-1,2 diol ester (3-MCPDE) and glycidyl ester (GE) in processed palm oils is of concern, as these oils are widely used for edible purposes. The mitigation method studied here optimizes the removal of chloride through water washing of crude palm oil (CPO), to limit the formation of 3-MCPDE. The contaminant removal obtained via washing CPO supports the quantitative findings. By utilizing 5% water in the washing step, water-soluble chlorides in CPO are removed by up to 76%, resulting in a 71% reduction of 3-MCPDE to within statutory limits. In this study, a linear correlation was developed between the chloride and the corresponding 3-MCPDE with a correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.99. Using the correlations, 1.0 mg/kg of 3-MCPDE in refined, bleached and deodorized palm oil (RBDPO) will be obtained from CPO with 1.2 mg/kg chloride with 7% wash water usage. The study also showed minor GE reduction between 7 and 11% was attained after water washing.
Physical parameters of close binary systems: VI
Creators: name: Gazeas, K. D.
name: Niarchos, P. G.
name: Zola, S.
name: Kreiner, J. M.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New high-quality CCD photometric light curves for the W UMa-type systems V410 Aur, CK Boo, FP Boo, V921 Her, ET Leo, XZ Leo, V839 Oph, V2357 Oph, AQ Psc and VY Sex are presented. The new multicolor light curves, combined with the spectroscopic data recently obtained at David Dunlap Observatory, are analyzed with the Wilson-Devinney code to yield the physical parameters (masses, radii and luminosities) of the components. Our models for all ten systems resulted in a contact configuration. Four binaries (V921 Her, XZ Leo, V2357 Oph and VY Sex) have low, while two (V410 Aur and CK Boo) have high fill-out factors. FP Boo, ET Leo, V839 Oph and AQ Psc have medium values of the fill-out factor. Three of the systems (FP Boo, V921 Her and XZ Leo) have very bright primaries as a result of their high temperatures and large radii.
description: 16 pages, 10 figures
Another X-ray UFO without a momentum-boosted molecular outflow. ALMA CO(1-0) observations of the galaxy pair IRAS 05054+1718
Creators: name: Bonanomi, F.
name: Cicone, C.
name: Severgnini, P.
name: Braito, V.
name: Vignali, C.
name: Reeves, J. N.
name: Sirressi, M.
name: Arroyave, I. Montoya
name: Della Ceca, R.
name: Ballo, L.
name: Dotti, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present ALMA CO(1-0) observations of the nearby LIRG galaxy pair IRAS05054+1718 with a new analysis of X-ray data collected between 2012 and 2021 using NuSTAR, Swift, and XMM-Newton. The western component of the pair, NED01, hosts a Seyfert 1.9 nucleus launching a powerful X-ray UFO. Our X-ray spectral analysis suggests the UFO could be variable or multi-component in velocity and constrains its momentum flux to $\dot p^{X-ray}_{out} \sim (4\pm2)\times 10^{34}$ gcms$^{-2}$. ALMA CO(1-0) observations include also the eastern component of the pair, a LIRG with no clear evidence for an AGN. We study the CO(1-0) kinematics in the two galaxies using the 3D-BAROLO code. In both sources, we can model the bulk of the CO(1-0) emission with rotating disks and, after subtracting the best-fit models, we detect compact residual emission at S/N=15 within $\sim3$kpc from the centre. A molecular outflow in NED01, if present, cannot be brighter than such residuals, implying an upper limit on its outflow rate of $\dot{M}^{mol}_{out} \lesssim 19\pm14~M_{\odot}~yr^{-1}$ and on its momentum rate of $\dot p^{mol}_{out} \lesssim (2.7\pm2.4) \times 10^{34}$gcms$^{-1}$. Combined with the revised energetics of the X-ray wind, we derive an upper limit on the momentum rate ratio of $\dot{p}^{mol}_{out}/\dot{p}^{X-ray}_{out}<0.67$. We discuss these results in the context of the expectations of AGN feedback models, and we propose the X-ray disk wind in NED01 has not significantly impacted the molecular gas reservoir (yet), and we can constrain its effect to be much smaller than expectations of AGN ''energy-driven'' feedback models. We also consider and discuss the hypothesis of asymmetries of the molecular disk not properly captured by the 3D-BAROLO code. Our results highlight the challenges in testing the predictions of popular AGN disk-wind feedback theories, even with good quality multi-wavelength observations.
description: Accepted by A&A
The gravitational dynamics of warped throats
Creators: name: Butcher, Neil A.
name: Saffin, Paul M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the time evolution due to gravitational dynamics of a particular spacetime commonly used in brane-cosmology and string compactifications, namely the Klebanov-Strassler geometry, which is achieved by adding a perturbation to the momentum of the static solution. We observe the effects this has on the spacetime and look for evidence of black hole formation or collapsing cycles which could lead to singular geometry. The cycles are seen to commonly re-expand after reaching a minimum value, showing the stability of the solution against perturbations which would change its size. However black holes are observed to form for certain perturbations, which could impede common uses of the throat's stable tip.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
Levamisole incorporation in fish feed – Ensuring the medication dose and avoidance of leaching into the water
Creators: name: de Freitas, Lucas Victor Pereira
name: Alponti, Ana Luísa Bigliassi
name: Damaceno, Marina Alves
name: Campanharo, Sarah Chagas
name: da Silva, Agnaldo Fernando Baldo
name: Sasanya, James Jacob
name: Rath, Susanne
name: Paschoal, Jonas Augusto Rizzato
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: Levamisole, an anthelmintic and immunostimulant drug, has been studied as a promising alternative for aquaculture use. While oral administration through feeding is the main route of administration in fish farming, no studies evaluating methods of levamisole incorporation into the feed have been reported so far. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate potential procedures for levamisole incorporation in extruded fish feed using ethyl cellulose, gelatin, or vegetable oil, to avoid drug leaching to the water during the animal’s medication. A suitable LC-MS/MS method was optimized (full factorial design), validated, and applied to evaluate the efficiency of the process, the homogeneity of the drug concentration, and the leaching rate. The method has been demonstrated to be selective, precise (RSD < 4.9%), accurate (recovery > 98.4%), and linear (r > 0.99, 125–750 mg kg−1). The incorporation procedures using the three coating agents showed high incorporation efficiency (70%) and a homogeneous drug concentration among the extruded feed pellets. A low levamisole leaching rate was verified in the feed prepared using the ethyl cellulose coating procedure (4.3% after 15 min of immersion in the water). On the other hand, fish feed coated with gelatin and oil resulted in a high leaching rate (30–35% after 15 min). Thus, this study shows that coating ethyl cellulose may be a promising procedure for levamisole incorporation in fish feed and with the potential to enhance its use in animal production while reducing environmental contamination.
Fermionic Shadow Wavefunction Variational calculations of the vacancy formation energy in $^3$He
Creators: name: Dandrea, L.
name: Pederiva, F.
name: Gandolfi, S.
name: Kalos, M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel technique well suited to study the ground state of inhomogeneous fermionic matter in a wide range of different systems. The system is described using a Fermionic Shadow wavefunction (FSWF) and the energy is computed by means of the Variational Monte Carlo technique. The general form of FSWF is useful to describe many--body systems with the coexistence of different phases as well in the presence of defects or impurities, but it requires overcoming a significant sign problem. As an application, we studied the energy to activate vacancies in solid $^3$He.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Commensurate-to-incommensurate transition of charge-density-wave order and a possible quantum critical point in pressurized kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$
Creators: name: Feng, X. Y.
name: Zhao, Z.
name: Luo, J.
name: Yang, J.
name: Fang, A. F.
name: Yang, H. T.
name: Gao, H. J.
name: Zhou, R.
name: Zheng, Guo-qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Clarifying the interplay between charge density waves (CDWs) and superconductivity is important in the kagome metal CsV$_3$Sb$_5$, and pressure ($P$) can play a crucial role. Here, we present $^{121/123}$Sb nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements under hydrostatic pressures up to 2.43 GPa in CsV$_3$Sb$_5$ single crystals. We demonstrate that the CDW gradually changes from a commensurate modulation with a star-of-David (SoD) pattern to an incommensurate one with a superimposed SoD and Tri-hexagonal (TrH) pattern stacking along the $c$-axis. Moreover, the linewidth $δν$ of $^{121/123}$Sb-NQR spectra increases with cooling down to $T_{\rm CDW}$, indicating the appearance of a short-range CDW order due to CDW fluctuations pinned by quenched disorders. The $δν$ shows a Curie-Weiss temperature dependence and tends to diverge at $P_{\rm c} \sim$ 1.9 GPa, suggesting that a CDW quantum critical point (QCP) exists at $P_{\rm c}$ where $T_{\rm c}$ shows the maximum. For $P > P_{\rm c}$, spin fluctuations are enhanced when the CDW is suppressed. Our results suggest that the maximal $T_{\rm c}$ at $P_{\rm c} \sim$ 1.9 GPa is related to the CDW QCP and the presence of spin fluctuations prevent the $T_{\rm c}$ from a rapid decrease otherwise after the CDW is completely suppressed.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Assessment of crustacean allergen detection methods: cross reactivity with edible insect samples
Creators: name: Eischeid, Anne
name: Panda, Rakhi
name: Cho, Chung
name: Stadig, Sarah
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Increased interest in consumption of insects in recent years has led to an increased focus on associated food safety concerns, and allergy is one of the most relevant. In the United States, crustacean shellfish are regulated as a major allergenic food group per the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic (FD&C) Act. Insects and crustacean shellfish are both arthropods, and clinical cross-reactivity between the two groups has been demonstrated. The goal of this work was to establish whether that clinical cross-reactivity translates into analytical cross-reactivity with detection assays targeting crustacean shellfish allergens. Edible insect samples were analyzed using four different crustacean allergen detection methods: Multi-Analyte Profiling Food Allergen Detection Assay (xMAP FADA), enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), western blot, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results indicate that the immunoassay-based xMAP FADA, ELISA, and western blot were susceptible to cross-reactivity, while the DNA-based PCR methods had minimal reactivity with insect samples. These results confirm that edible insects show analytical cross-reactivity with the immunoassays which may result in false positive detection of crustacean allergens in insect samples. Confirmation using DNA-based PCR, which shows little to no cross-reactivity, clarifies ambiguous results.
Visual question answering with contextualized commonsense knowledge
Creators: name: Chinchure, Aditya Aravind
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: There has been a growing interest in solving Visual Question Answering (VQA) tasks that require the model to reason beyond the content present in the image. In this work, we focus on questions that require commonsense reasoning. In contrast to previous methods which inject knowledge from static knowledge bases, we investigate the incorporation of contextualized knowledge using Commonsense Transformer (COMET), an existing knowledge model trained on human-curated knowledge bases. We propose a method to generate, select, and encode external commonsense knowledge alongside visual and textual cues in a new pre-trained Vision-Language-Commonsense transformer model, VLC-BERT. Through our evaluation on the knowledge-intensive OK-VQA and A-OKVQA datasets, we show that VLC-BERT is capable of outperforming existing models that utilize static knowledge bases. Furthermore, through a detailed analysis, we explain which questions benefit, and which don’t, from contextualized commonsense knowledge from COMET.
IceCube: physics, status, and future
Creators: name: Hultqvist, Klas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The IceCube observatory is the first cubic kilometre scale instrument in the field of high-energy neutrino astronomy and cosmic rays. In 2009, following five successful deployment seasons, IceCube consisted of 59 strings of optical modules in the South Pole ice, together with 118 air shower detectors in the IceTop surface array. The range of physics topics includes neutrino signals from astrophysical sources, dark matter, exotic particle physics, cosmic rays, and atmospheric neutrinos. The current IceCube status and selected results are described. Anticipated future developments are also discussed, in particular the Deep Core low energy subarray which was recently deployed.
description: Presentation at the 4th International Workshop on Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescopes
Strong-Coupling Constant at Three Loops in Momentum Subtraction Scheme
Creators: name: Chetyrkin, K. G.
name: Kniehl, B. A.
name: Steinhauser, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we compute the three-loop corrections to the $β$ function in a momentum subtraction (MOM) scheme with a massive quark. The calculation is performed in the background field formalism applying asymptotic expansions for small and large momenta. Special emphasis is devoted to the relation between the coupling constant in the MOM and $\overline{\rm{MS}}$ schemes as well as their ability to describe the phenomenon of decoupling. It is demonstrated by an explicit comparison that the $\overline{\rm{MS}}$ scheme can be consistently used to relate the values of the MOM-scheme strong-coupling constant in the energy regions higher and lower than the massive-quark production threshold. This procedure obviates the necessity to know the full mass dependence of the MOM $β$ function and clearly demonstrates the equivalence of both schemes for the description of physics outside the threshold region.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures
Physical parameters of components in close binary systems: V
Creators: name: Zola, S.
name: Kreiner, J. M.
name: Zakrzewski, B.
name: Kjurkchieva, D. P.
name: Marchev, D. V.
name: Baran, A.
name: Rucinski, S. M.
name: Ogloza, W.
name: Siwak, M.
name: Koziel, D.
name: Drozdz, M.
name: Pokrzywka, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper presents combined spectroscopic and photometric orbital solutions for ten close binary systems: CN And, V776 Cas, FU Dra, UV Lyn, BB Peg, V592 Per, OU Ser, EQ Tau, HN UMa and HT Vir. The photometric data consist of new multicolor light curves, while the spectroscopy has been recently obtained within the radial velocity program at the David Dunlap Observatory (DDO). Absolute parameters of the components for these binary systems are derived. Our results confirm that CN And is not a contact system. Its configuration is semi-detached with the secondary component filling its Roche lobe. The configuration of nine other systems is contact. Three systems (V776 Cas, V592 Per and OU Ser) have high (44-77%) and six (FU Dra, UV Lyn, BB Peg, EQ Tau, HN UMa and HT Vir) low or intermediate (8-32%) fill-out factors. The absolute physical parameters are derived.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures
PyExaFMM: an exercise in designing high-performance software with Python and Numba
Creators: name: Kailasa, Srinath
name: Wang, Tingyu
name: Barba, Lorena A.
name: Betcke, Timo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.2.2
subject: 68-04

description: Numba is a game-changing compiler for high-performance computing with Python. It produces machine code that runs outside of the single-threaded Python interpreter and that fully utilizes the resources of modern CPUs. This means support for parallel multithreading and auto vectorization if available, as with compiled languages such as C++ or Fortran. In this article we document our experience developing PyExaFMM, a multithreaded Numba implementation of the Fast Multipole Method, an algorithm with a non-linear data structure and a large amount of data organization. We find that designing performant Numba code for complex algorithms can be as challenging as writing in a compiled language.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Efficient Neural Generation of 4K Masks for Homogeneous Diffusion Inpainting
Creators: name: Schrader, Karl
name: Peter, Pascal
name: Kämper, Niklas
name: Weickert, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With well-selected data, homogeneous diffusion inpainting can reconstruct images from sparse data with high quality. While 4K colour images of size 3840 x 2160 can already be inpainted in real time, optimising the known data for applications like image compression remains challenging: Widely used stochastic strategies can take days for a single 4K image. Recently, a first neural approach for this so-called mask optimisation problem offered high speed and good quality for small images. It trains a mask generation network with the help of a neural inpainting surrogate. However, these mask networks can only output masks for the resolution and mask density they were trained for. We solve these problems and enable mask optimisation for high-resolution images through a neuroexplicit coarse-to-fine strategy. Additionally, we improve the training and interpretability of mask networks by including a numerical inpainting solver directly into the network. This allows to generate masks for 4K images in around 0.6 seconds while exceeding the quality of stochastic methods on practically relevant densities. Compared to popular existing approaches, this is an acceleration of up to four orders of magnitude.
Multifractal analysis of complex random cascades
Creators: name: Barral, Julien
name: Jin, Xiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 26A30; 28A78, 28A80

description: We achieve the multifractal analysis of a class of complex valued statistically self-similar continuous functions. For we use multifractal formalisms associated with pointwise oscillation exponents of all orders. Our study exhibits new phenomena in multifractal analysis of continuous functions. In particular, we find examples of statistically self-similar such functions obeying the multifractal formalism and for which the support of the singularity spectrum is the whole interval $[0,\infty]$.
description: 37 pages, 8 figures
Equilibrium gas-liquid-solid contact angle from density-functional theory
Creators: name: Pereira, Antonio
name: Kalliadasis, Serafim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the equilibrium of a fluid in contact with a solid boundary through a density-functional theory. Depending on the conditions, the fluid can be in one phase, gas or liquid, or two phases, while the wall induces an external field acting on the fluid particles. We first examine the case of a liquid film in contact with the wall. We construct bifurcation diagrams for the film thickness as a function of the chemical potential. At a specific value of the chemical potential, two equally stable films, a thin one and a thick one, can coexist. As saturation is approached, the thickness of the thick film tends to infinity. This allows the construction of a liquid-gas interface that forms a well defined contact angle with the wall.
description: 35 pages, 20 figures
Circumstellar water vapour in M-type AGB stars: Constraints from H2O(1_10 - 1_01) lines obtained with Odin
Creators: name: Maercker, M.
name: Schoeier, F. L.
name: Olofsson, H.
name: Bergman, P.
name: Frisk, U.
name: Hjalmarson, A
name: Justtanont, K.
name: Kwok, S.
name: Larsson, B.
name: Olberg, M.
name: Sandqvist, Aa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Spectrally resolved circumstellar H2O(1_10 - 1_01) lines have been obtained towards three M-type AGB stars using the Odin satellite. This provides additional strong constrains on the properties of circumstellar H2O and the circumstellar envelope. Methods: ISO and Odin satellite H2O line data are used as constraints for radiative transfer models. Special consideration is taken to the spectrally resolved Odin line profiles, and the effect of excitation to the first excited vibrational states of the stretching modes (nu1=1 and nu3=1) on the derived abundances is estimated. A non-local, radiative transfer code based on the ALI formalism is used. Results: The H2O abundance estimates are in agreement with previous estimates. The inclusion of the Odin data sets stronger constraints on the size of the H2O envelope. The H2O(1_10 - 1_01) line profiles require a significant reduction in expansion velocity compared to the terminal gas expansion velocity determined in models of CO radio line emission, indicating that the H2O emission lines probe a region where the wind is still being accelerated. Including the nu3=1 state significantly lowers the estimated abundances for the low-mass-loss-rate objects. This shows the importance of detailed modelling, in particular the details of the infrared spectrum in the range 3 to 6 micron, to estimate accurate circumstellar H2O abundances. Conclusions: Spectrally resolved circumstellar H2O emission lines are important probes of the physics and chemistry in the inner regions of circumstellar envelopes around asymptotic giant branch stars. Predictions for H2O emission lines in the spectral range of the upcoming Herschel/HIFI mission indicate that these observations will be very important in this context.
description: accepted in A&A, 10 pages, 8 figures
Experimental determination of complex heat transfer coefficient patterns using statistical inference
Creators: name: Bhattacharjee, Arghyanil
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: The development of thermal management and physics-based process simulation of composites has become well-established in recent years. However, the determination of the boundary conditions in the form of heat-transfer coefficients (HTCs) at the air-part and air-tool interfaces during convective heat transfer-based curing processes (like autoclaves, ovens) remain a challenge and a major source of uncertainties. Typically, physics-based approaches like simplified 1D through-thickness models or computationally intensive 3D simulation tools such as Computational Fluid Dynamics are used to estimate the HTCs. However, these deterministic methods are not equipped to capture the effect of uncertainties involved in estimating HTC values and their effects on the corresponding thermal histories of curing parts in process simulations models. The applicability of statistical inference-based models to calculate HTC distributions and associated uncertainties have been previously explored using synthetic datasets generated from finite element simulations. In this study, this validated model has been utilized on available experimental datasets to determine the most probable HTC distributions with an estimate of associated uncertainties. The HTC distributions were thereafter used in process simulation models to understand the effect of uncertainty propagation on tool-part thermal response for optimizing thermocouple placement strategy. This study also explores the development and use of virtual thermocouples, which can be used to better monitor thermal histories of complete parts during manufacturing without requiring the need for intensive instrumentation of the physical part. This work provides insight to the development of a workflow for capturing procedures of uncertainty quantification and propagation in autoclave-based curing processes of composites manufacturing.
FinnWoodlands Dataset
Creators: name: Lagos, Juan
name: Lempiö, Urho
name: Rahtu, Esa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: While the availability of large and diverse datasets has contributed to significant breakthroughs in autonomous driving and indoor applications, forestry applications are still lagging behind and new forest datasets would most certainly contribute to achieving significant progress in the development of data-driven methods for forest-like scenarios. This paper introduces a forest dataset called \textit{FinnWoodlands}, which consists of RGB stereo images, point clouds, and sparse depth maps, as well as ground truth manual annotations for semantic, instance, and panoptic segmentation. \textit{FinnWoodlands} comprises a total of 4226 objects manually annotated, out of which 2562 objects (60.6\%) correspond to tree trunks classified into three different instance categories, namely "Spruce Tree", "Birch Tree", and "Pine Tree". Besides tree trunks, we also annotated "Obstacles" objects as instances as well as the semantic stuff classes "Lake", "Ground", and "Track". Our dataset can be used in forestry applications where a holistic representation of the environment is relevant. We provide an initial benchmark using three models for instance segmentation, panoptic segmentation, and depth completion, and illustrate the challenges that such unstructured scenarios introduce.
description: Scandinavian Conference on Image Analysis 2023
U(1) slave-particle study of the finite-temperature doped Hubbard model in one and two dimensions
Creators: name: Ribeiro, P.
name: Sacramento, P. D.
name: Araujo, M. A. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One-dimensional systems have unusual properties such as fractionalization of degrees of freedom. Possible extensions to higher dimensional systems have been considered in the literature. In this work we construct a mean field theory of the Hubbard model taking into account a separation of the degrees of freedom inspired by the one-dimensional case and study the finite-temperature phase diagram for the Hubbard chain and square lattice. The mean field variables are defined along the links of the underlying lattice. We obtain the spectral function and identify the regions of higher spectral weight with the fractionalized fermionic (spin) and bosonic (charge) excitations.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures
Seasonal Trends in Marine Heatwaves Highlight Vulnerable Coastal Ecoregions and Historic Change Points in New Zealand_Supplementary Results.pdf
Creators: name: Montie, Shinae
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)

description: The objective of this research was to quantify seasonal and biogeographical trends in severity (with significance tests and regression slopes) and timing (with temporal change points) of MHW metrics across the 200 NM shelf sea region (this accompanies the 12 NM analysis in Montie et al. 2023) of New Zealand over the 1981-2021 satellite period using robust linear regressions (Hipel and McLeod 1994, Pohlert 2020, Thoral et al. 2022).
Two superconducting states with broken time-reversal symmetry in FeSe1-xSx
Creators: name: Matsuura, K.
name: Roppongi, M.
name: Qiu, M.
name: Sheng, Q.
name: Cai, Y.
name: Yamakawa, K.
name: Guguchia, Z.
name: Day, R. P.
name: Kojima, K. M.
name: Damascelli, A.
name: Sugimura, Y.
name: Saito, M.
name: Takenaka, T.
name: Ishihara, K.
name: Mizukami, Y.
name: Hashimoto, K.
name: Gu, Y.
name: Guo, S.
name: Fu, L.
name: Zhang, Z.
name: Ning, F.
name: Zhao, G.
name: Dai, G.
name: Jin, C.
name: Beare, J. W.
name: Luke, G. M.
name: Uemura, Y. J.
name: Shibauchi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-chalcogenide superconductors FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ possess unique electronic properties such as non-magnetic nematic order and its quantum critical point. The nature of superconductivity with such nematicity is important for understanding the mechanism of unconventional superconductivity. A recent theory suggested the possible emergence of a fundamentally new class of superconductivity with the so-called Bogoliubov Fermi surfaces (BFSs) in this system. However, such an {\em ultranodal} pair state requires broken time-reversal symmetry (TRS) in the superconducting state, which has not been observed experimentally. Here we report muon spin relaxation ($μ$SR) measurements in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$ superconductors for $0\le x \le 0.22$ covering both orthorhombic (nematic) and tetragonal phases. We find that the zero-field muon relaxation rate is enhanced below the superconducting transition temperature $T_{\rm c}$ for all compositions, indicating that the superconducting state breaks TRS both in the nematic and tetragonal phases. Moreover, the transverse-field $μ$SR measurements reveal that the superfluid density shows an unexpected and substantial reduction in the tetragonal phase ($x>0.17$). This implies that a significant fraction of electrons remain unpaired in the zero-temperature limit, which cannot be explained by the known unconventional superconducting states with point or line nodes. The time-reversal symmetry breaking and the suppressed superfluid density in the tetragonal phase, together with the reported enhanced zero-energy excitations, are consistent with the ultranodal pair state with BFSs. The present results reveal two different superconducting states with broken TRS separated by the nematic critical point in FeSe$_{1-x}$S$_x$, which calls for the theory of microscopic origins that account for the relation between the nematicity and superconductivity.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, typos corrected. Accepted for publication in PNAS
Sequence of penalties method to study excited states using VQE
Creators: name: Carobene, Rodolfo
name: Barison, Stefano
name: Giachero, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an extension of the Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) that leads to more accurate energy estimations and can be used to study excited states. The method is based on the introduction of a sequence of increasing penalties in the cost function. This approach does not require circuit modifications and thus can be applied with no additional depth cost. Through numerical simulations, we show that we are able to produce variational states with desired physical properties, such as total spin and charge. We assess its performance both on classical simulators and on currently available quantum devices, calculating the potential energy curves of small molecular systems in different physical configurations. Finally, we compare our method to the original VQE and to another extension, obtaining a better agreement with exact simulations for both energy and targeted physical quantities.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, published in IOP Quantum Science and Technology
In-plane magnetic field induced density wave states near quantum spin Hall phase transitions
Creators: name: Zeng, Yongxin
name: Xue, Fei
name: MacDonald, Allan H.
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Hall phase

description: We study the inﬂuence of an in-plane magnetic ﬁeld and Coulomb interactions on the physics of quantum spin Hall insulators, like those in InAs/GaSb and HgTe/CdTe quantum wells. Using a Hartree-Fock mean-ﬁeld theory approximation, we calculate phase diagrams as functions of the band gap, band hybridization, and magnetic ﬁeld strength. We show that when the band hybridization is weak, the system is unstable against the formation of density wave states. As the strength of the in-plane magnetic ﬁeld increases, the density-wave region of the phase diagram expands and distinct density-wave states appear. We discuss possible experimental implications of our results.
IEEE 802.11bn Multi-AP Coordinated Spatial Reuse with Hierarchical Multi-Armed Bandits
Creators: name: Wojnar, Maksymilian
name: Ciezobka, Wojciech
name: Kosek-Szott, Katarzyna
name: Rusek, Krzysztof
name: Szott, Szymon
name: Nunez, David
name: Bellalta, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coordination among multiple access points (APs) is integral to IEEE 802.11bn (Wi-Fi 8) for managing contention in dense networks. This letter explores the benefits of Coordinated Spatial Reuse (C-SR) and proposes the use of reinforcement learning to optimize C-SR group selection. We develop a hierarchical multi-armed bandit (MAB) framework that efficiently selects APs for simultaneous transmissions across various network topologies, demonstrating reinforcement learning's promise in Wi-Fi settings. Among several MAB algorithms studied, we identify the upper confidence bound (UCB) as particularly effective, offering rapid convergence, adaptability to changes, and sustained performance.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Some Properties of Transforms in Culture Theory
Creators: name: Ballonoff, Paul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that, in certain circumstances, systems of cultural rules may be represented by doubly stochastic matrices denoted called possibility transforms, and by certain real valued possibility densities with inner product. Using such objects we may characterize a certain problem of ethnographic and ethological description as a problem of prediction, in which observations are predicted by properties of fixed points of transforms of pure systems, or by properties of convex combinations of such pure systems. That is, ethnographic description is an application of the Birkhoff theorem regarding doubly stochastic matrices on a space whose vertices are permutations.
description: Read at International Quantum Structures Association meetings, 2008
An improved grand-potential phase-field model of solid-state sintering for many particles
Creators: name: Seiz, Marco
name: Hierl, Henrik
name: Nestler, Britta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the microstuctural evolution during the sintering process is of high relevance as it is a key part in many industrial manufacturing processes. Simulations are one avenue to achieve this understanding, especially field-resolved methods such as the phase-field method. Recent papers have shown several weaknesses in the most common phase-field model of sintering, which the present paper aims to ameliorate. The observed weaknesses are shortly recounted, followed by presenting model variations aiming to remove these deficiencies. The models are tested in the classical two-particle geometry, with the most promising model being run on large-scale three-dimensional packings to determine representative volume elements. A densification that is strongly dependent on the packing size is observed, which suggests that the model requires further improvement.
description: 24 pages, 7 figures
de Haas-van Alphen Oscillations for the Field Along c-axis in UTe2
Creators: name: Aoki, Dai
name: Sheikin, Ilya
name: McCollam, Alix
name: Ishizuka, Jun
name: Yanase, Youichi
name: Lapertot, Gerard
name: Flouquet, Jacques
name: Knebel, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We performed de Haas-van Alphen (dHvA) experiments in the spin-triplet superconductor UTe2 for magnetic field along the c-axis above 15T. Three fundamental dHvA frequencies, named alpha1, alpha2 and beta corresponding to the cross sections of cylindrical Fermi surfaces (FSs) with large cyclotron effective masses (33-43 m0) were detected. No other fundamental dHvA frequencies were detected at high frequency range, suggesting a cylindrical-shaped electron FS without connecting at the Z point of the Brillouin zone. However, the existence of small pocket FSs associated with extremely heavy masses cannot be fully excluded.
description: accepted for publication in J. Phys. Soc. Jpn. as "short notes", 3 pages, 2 figures
A bioinformatic pipeline for integration of low and high dimensional multiomic datasets
Creators: name: Doshi, Kashish
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2024

description: Follicular Lymphoma (FL) is an indolent type of Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma comprising 20% of new lymphoma diagnosis with a risk of transforming into a more aggressive B-cell disease. Although recurrent mutations in FL are informative of transformation risk, biological predictors of transformation at diagnosis remain elusive. A previous study from our laboratory identified 2 phenotypic variation patterns, using the CyTOF, that were a significant predictor of transformation risk and implied biological diversity between FL patients. More recently, we assayed 8 samples from our previous cohort using multiomic single-cell techniques to investigate the cell-intrinsic sources of diversity. However, a multiomic analysis involves integration of the high dimensional single-cell sequencing datasets with the low dimensional CyTOF data. To address this issue, a bioinformatic pipeline was developed that integrated both low and high dimensional datasets using tools developed for single-cell integration. FastMNN and SingleR demonstrated efficacy for low dimensional dataset integration and annotation transfer. High dimensional integration was demonstrated using all tools identically. These findings offer a comprehensive framework to blend tools for analyzing low-parameter CyTOF and Flow Cytometry with high-parameter single-cell sequencing, enabling a more thorough examination of biology and disease progression. Additionally, our previous study identified two phenotypic clusters that comprised 50% of all malignant cells from 155 FL cases assayed using the CyTOF. One of these clusters, referred to as MC B, phenotypically similar to Naïve B-cells and expressed surface IgM. Given that 60% of FL cases exhibit recurrent mutations in chromatin-modifying genes (CMG), we hypothesized that these mutations could affect class switch recombination (CSR) in FL. To explore this hypothesis, a novel primary B-cell CSR model was established. My findings demonstrated that the addition of the ImmunoCult supplement enabled robust proliferation and CSR in primary Naïve B-cells. Moreover, successful transduction of Naïve B-cells was achieved using a Gibbon Ape Leukemia Virus (GaLV) based lentiviral vector. However, knockdown of CMG resulted in growth arrest of the transduced cells, highlighting the need for further refinement of the B-cell model before definitive conclusions can be drawn.
Towards Tumour Graph Learning for Survival Prediction in Head & Neck Cancer Patients
Creators: name: Muller, Angel Victor Juanco
name: Mota, Joao F. C.
name: Goatman, Keith A.
name: Hoogendoorn, Corne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With nearly one million new cases diagnosed worldwide in 2020, head \& neck cancer is a deadly and common malignity. There are challenges to decision making and treatment of such cancer, due to lesions in multiple locations and outcome variability between patients. Therefore, automated segmentation and prognosis estimation approaches can help ensure each patient gets the most effective treatment. This paper presents a framework to perform these functions on arbitrary field of view (FoV) PET and CT registered scans, thus approaching tasks 1 and 2 of the HECKTOR 2022 challenge as team \texttt{VokCow}. The method consists of three stages: localization, segmentation and survival prediction. First, the scans with arbitrary FoV are cropped to the head and neck region and a u-shaped convolutional neural network (CNN) is trained to segment the region of interest. Then, using the obtained regions, another CNN is combined with a support vector machine classifier to obtain the semantic segmentation of the tumours, which results in an aggregated Dice score of 0.57 in task 1. Finally, survival prediction is approached with an ensemble of Weibull accelerated failure times model and deep learning methods. In addition to patient health record data, we explore whether processing graphs of image patches centred at the tumours via graph convolutions can improve the prognostic predictions. A concordance index of 0.64 was achieved in the test set, ranking 6th in the challenge leaderboard for this task.
description: Published by Springer as part of the HECKTOR 2022 challenge proccedings https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-031-27420-6_18