cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comment on 'Revisiting the phase transitions of the Dicke model'
Creators: name: Corps, Ángel L.
name: Relaño, Armando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the work of Das and Sharma [Phys. Rev. A 105, 033716 (2022)] the phase transitions of the Dicke model are studied. Its main result is that, besides the well-known quantum phase transition, excited-state quantum phase transition and thermal phase transition exhibited by the model, there exists an upper bound energy, $E_{*}$, beyond which the model ceases to exhibit quantum chaotic behavior and the structure of the eigenfunctions changes. Based on this finding, a number of well-established results about the Dicke model are called into question. We argue that this result and all its consequences are spurious numerical effects resulting from an improper truncation of the infinite-dimensional Hilbert space necessary for numerical diagonalization.
description: Comment; 5 pages, 3 figures. To appear in Phys. Rev. A
LOFAR observations of gravitational wave merger events: O3 results and O4 strategy
Creators: name: Gourdji, Kelly
name: Rowlinson, Antonia
name: Wijers, Ralph
name: Broderick, Jess
name: Shulevski, Aleksandar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electromagnetic counterparts to gravitational wave (GW) merger events hold immense scientific value, but are difficult to detect due to the typically large localisation errors associated with GW events. The Low-Frequency Array (LOFAR) is an attractive GW follow-up instrument owing to its high sensitivity, large instantaneous field of view, and ability to automatically trigger on events to probe potential prompt emission within minutes. Here, we report on 144-MHz LOFAR radio observations of three GW merger events containing at least one neutron star that were detected during the third GW observing run. Specifically, we probe 9 and 16 per cent of the location probability density maps of S190426c and S200213t, respectively, and place limits at the location of an interesting optical transient (PS19hgw/AT2019wxt) found within the localisation map of S191213g. While these GW events are not particularly significant, we use multi-epoch LOFAR data to devise a sensitive wide-field GW follow-up strategy to be used in future GW observing runs. In particular, we improve on our previously published strategy by implementing direction dependent calibration and mosaicing, resulting in nearly an order of magnitude increase in sensitivity and more uniform coverage. We achieve a uniform $5σ$ sensitivity of $870$ $μ$Jy across a single instantaneous LOFAR pointing's 21 deg$^{2}$ core, and a median sensitivity of 1.1 mJy when including the full 89 deg$^{2}$ hexagonal beam pattern. We also place the deepest transient surface density limits yet on of order month timescales for surveys between 60--340 MHz (0.017 deg$^{-2}$ above $2.0$ mJy and 0.073 deg$^{-2}$ above $1.5$ mJy).
description: Replaced with accepted version for publication in MNRAS
МЕТОДИКА ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ СПЕКТРАЛЬНОГО ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯ ОСЛАБЛЕНИЯ СВЕТА НА ПРИМЕРЕ ОЗЕР РАЗНОГО ТРОФИЧЕСКОГО СТАТУСА
Creators: name: В.И. Букатый
name: О.Б. Акулова
Publisher: name: Известия Алтайского отделения Русского географического общества
Year: 2020
Subjects: спектральный показатель ослабления света
спектральный показа-тель поглощения света желтым веществом
относительная прозрачность по диску Сек-ки
трофический статус
хлорофилл
фосфор

description: Представлены экспериментальные данные по исследованию влияния сроков хране-ния проб на изменчивость спектрального показателя ослабления света и спектрально-го показателя поглощения света желтым веществом на примере озер разного трофи-ческого статуса. Работа выполнена в 2018-2019 гг. на пресноводных озерах: Лапа, Красиловское (Алтайский край) и Телецкое (Республика Алтай). На основании резуль-татов экспериментов по исследованию динамики спектрального показателя ослабле-ния света и спектрального показателя поглощения света желтым веществом через различные промежутки времени после взятия проб в озерах и анализа погрешностей измерения можно сделать вывод, что полученные кривые остаются практически неизменными в пределах доверительных интервалов рассчитанных ошибок.
НОВЫЕ ДАННЫЕ О МАКРОЗООБЕНТОСЕ РЕКИ БОЛЬШАЯ ПЁРА
Creators: name: Д.М. Безматерных
name: О.Н. Вдовина
Publisher: name: Известия Алтайского отделения Русского географического общества
Year: 2020
Subjects: зообентос
биоиндикация
река Большая Пёра

description: В сентябре 2013, июне 2014, мае и июне 2017 гг. исследованы состав и структура сообществ донных макробеспозвоночных р. Большая Пёра (приток р. Зея, бассейн р. Амур). Донная фауна включает 48 видов из пяти классов животных. Доминирующей таксономической группой на изученных участках реки были хирономиды. На основе исследования состава и структуры макрозообентоса методами биоиндикации (индекс Шеннона, TBI, EBI, BMWP, IBGN) оценено экологическое состояние реки. Выявленные особенности сезонной динамики макрозообентоса обусловлены муссонным характе-ром функционирования экосистемы р. Б. Пёра.
Universality of local eigenvalue statistics in random matrices with external source
Creators: name: O'Rourke, Sean
name: Vu, Van
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider a random matrix of the form $W_n = M_n + D_n$, where $M_n$ is a Wigner matrix and $D_n$ is a real deterministic diagonal matrix ($D_n$ is commonly referred to as an external source in the mathematical physics literature). We study the universality of the local eigenvalue statistics of $W_n$ for a general class of Wigner matrices $M_n$ and diagonal matrices $D_n$. Unlike the setting of many recent results concerning universality, the global semicircle law fails for this model. However, we can still obtain the universal sine kernel formula for the correlation functions. This demonstrates the remarkable phenomenon that local laws are more resilient than global ones. The universality of the correlation functions follows from a four moment theorem, which we prove using a variant of the approach used earlier by Tao and Vu.
description: 32 pages; minor corrections; to appear, Random Matrices: Theory and applications
Vom Armenhaus der Welt zur (potenziellen) Weltmacht
Creators: name: Bergé, Beate
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Indien zieht als potenzielles neues „Wirtschaftswunderland“ immer mehr Aufmerksamkeit und Medieninteresse auf sich. In nur wenigen Jahren hat Indien einen erstaunlichen Imagewandel vom einstigen Armenhaus der Welt zur potenziellen Weltmacht vollzogen. Verschiedenen Prognosen zufolge hat Indien das Potenzial, bis Mitte des Jahrhunderts zu den drei reichsten Industriegesellschaften der Welt zu zählen. Mit einem neuen Selbstbewusstsein strebt Indien an, sein wachsendes politisches und wirtschaftliches Gewicht international stärker zur Geltung zu bringen und sich im 21. Jahrhundert als globale Führungs- und Wirtschaftsmacht zu etablieren. Das nach China bevölkerungsreichste Land ist zweifelsohne in der globalisierten Welt auf dem Sprung zur Weltspitze und wird von aller Welt hofiert, aber zahlreiche Herausforderungen, die seinen Aufstieg zu einer Wirtschaftsmacht gefährden, lauern im Inneren des Landes.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
XMM-Newton and Swift spectroscopy of the newly discovered very-faint X-ray transient IGR J17494-3030
Creators: name: Padilla, M. Armas
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Degenaar, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A growing group of low-mass X-ray binaries are found to be accreting at very-faint X-ray luminosities of <1E36 erg/s (2-10 keV). Once such system is the new X-ray transient IGR J17494-3030. We present Swift and XMM-Newton observations obtained during its 2012 discovery outburst. The Swift observations trace the peak of the outburst, which reached a luminosity of ~7 E35 (D/8 kpc)^2 erg/s (2-10 keV). The XMM-Newton data were obtained when the outburst had decayed to an intensity of ~ 8 E34 (D/8 kpc)^2 erg/s. The spectrum can be described by a power-law with an index of ~1.7 and requires an additional soft component with a black-body temperature of ~0.37 keV (contributing ~20% to the total unabsorbed flux in the 0.5-10 keV band). Given the similarities with high-quality spectra of very-faint neutron star low-mass X-ray binaries, we suggest that the compact primary in IGR J17494-3030 is a neutron star. Interestingly, the source intensity decreased rapidly during the ~12 hr XMM-Newton observation, which was accompanied by a decrease in inferred temperature. We interpret the soft spectral component as arising from the neutron star surface due to low-level accretion, and propose that the observed decline in intensity was the result of a decrease in the mass-accretion rate onto the neutron star.
description: 3 figures, 2 tables, accepted in MNRAS letter, in press
Weakly interacting massive particle cross section limits from LOFAR observations of dwarf spheroidal galaxies
Creators: name: Gajović, L.
name: Welzmüller, F.
name: Heesen, V.
name: de Gasperin, F.
name: Vollmann, M.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Basu, A.
name: Beck, R.
name: Schwarz, D. J.
name: Bomans, D. J.
name: Drabent, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) can self-annihilate, thus providing us with a way to indirectly detect dark matter (DM). Dwarf spheroidal (dSph) galaxies are excellent places to search for annihilation signals because they are rich in DM and background emission is low. If magnetic fields in dSph galaxies exist, the particles produced in DM annihilation emit synchrotron radiation. We used the non-detection of 150 MHz radio continuum emission from dSph galaxies with the LOw Frequency ARray (LOFAR) to derive constraints on the annihilation cross section of WIMPs in electron-positron pairs. Our main underlying assumption is that the transport of the cosmic rays can be described by the diffusion approximation, which necessitates the existence of magnetic fields. We used observations of six dSph galaxies in the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). The data were reimaged and radial profiles were generated. We also used stacking to increase the sensitivity. In order to derive upper limits on the WIMP cross section, we injected fake Gaussian sources into the data, which were then detected with 2$σ$ significance in the radial profile. These sources represent the lowest emission we would have been able to detect. We present limits from the observations of individual galaxies as well as from stacking. We explored the uncertainty due to the choice of diffusion and magnetic field parameters by constructing three different model scenarios: optimistic (OPT), intermediate (INT), and pessimistic (PES). Assuming monochromatic annihilation into electron-positron pairs, the limits from the INT scenario exclude thermal WIMPs below 20 GeV, and the limits from the OPT scenario even exclude thermal WIMPs below 70 GeV. The INT limits can compete with limits set by Fermi-LAT using $γ$-ray observations of multiple dwarf galaxies, and they are especially strong for low WIMP masses.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures
К ВОПРОСУ О РАСПРОСТРАНЕНИИ СЕРЕБРЯНОГО КАРАСЯ В ВОДНЫХ ОБЪЕКТАХ РЕСПУБЛИКИ АЛТАЙ
Creators: name: Г.А. Романенко
Publisher: name: Известия Алтайского отделения Русского географического общества
Year: 2020
Subjects: Республика Алтай
серебряный карась
среднегорья
Чуя
Телецкое озеро
озеро Теньгинское

description: В статье дается характеристика распространения серебряного карася Carassius auratus (Linnaeus, 1758) в водоемах и водотоках Республики Алтай. Провндена оценка происхождения исследованных популяций. Описано три местообитания вида, из кото-рых одно (озеро Камышовое Кош-Агачского района) отмечается впервые. Делается заключение, что расширения ареала серебряного карася в регионе происходит за счет интродукций и последующего саморасселения.
Jahr der Freundschaft
Creators: name: Zotz, Volker
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Indien und China begehen 2006 offiziell als ihr „Jahr der Freundschaft.“ Symbolträchtig wurde am 6. Juli der seit dem Krieg 1962 geschlossene Nathu-la-Pass zwischen Sikkim und Tibet wieder eröffnet. Eine Globalisierung, die freien Verkehr von Gütern zur Regel macht, lässt die in den Welthandel eingebundenen asiatischen Giganten einander näher rücken. Doch bleiben trotz der neuen Tuchfühlung schwerwiegende kulturelle Differenzen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
SynthRAD2023 Grand Challenge dataset: generating synthetic CT for radiotherapy
Creators: name: Thummerer, Adrian
name: van der Bijl, Erik
name: Galapon, Arthur Jr
name: Verhoeff, Joost JC
name: Langendijk, Johannes A
name: Both, Stefan
name: Cornelis
name: Berg, AT van den
name: Maspero, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Purpose: Medical imaging has become increasingly important in diagnosing and treating oncological patients, particularly in radiotherapy. Recent advances in synthetic computed tomography (sCT) generation have increased interest in public challenges to provide data and evaluation metrics for comparing different approaches openly. This paper describes a dataset of brain and pelvis computed tomography (CT) images with rigidly registered CBCT and MRI images to facilitate the development and evaluation of sCT generation for radiotherapy planning. Acquisition and validation methods: The dataset consists of CT, CBCT, and MRI of 540 brains and 540 pelvic radiotherapy patients from three Dutch university medical centers. Subjects' ages ranged from 3 to 93 years, with a mean age of 60. Various scanner models and acquisition settings were used across patients from the three data-providing centers. Details are available in CSV files provided with the datasets. Data format and usage notes: The data is available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260705) under the SynthRAD2023 collection. The images for each subject are available in nifti format. Potential applications: This dataset will enable the evaluation and development of image synthesis algorithms for radiotherapy purposes on a realistic multi-center dataset with varying acquisition protocols. Synthetic CT generation has numerous applications in radiation therapy, including diagnosis, treatment planning, treatment monitoring, and surgical planning.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures, 9 tables, pre-print submitted to Medical Physics - dataset. The training dataset is available on Zenodo at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7260705 from April, 1st 2023
Kinderarmut in schillernden Farben
Creators: name: Krause, Anja
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Das Kinderhilfswerk der Vereinten Nationen veröffentlicht jährlich drei wichtige Publikationen, die die Lage der Kinder weltweit aufzeigen sollen. Dazu gehört neben dem Jahresbericht (UNICEF‘s Annual Report) und einem allgemeinen Situationsbericht (The State of the World‘s Children) auch der mit vielen farbigen Graphiken versehene Bericht „Progress for Children“. Was eigentlich auf den ersten Blick das Auge erfreut und es mit seinem bunten Design anlockt, birgt die jüngsten erschütternden Statistiken und Berichte über die Ernährungssituation der Kinder weltweit: die Broschüre „Progress for Children - A Report Card on Nutrition“ von UNICEF. Besonders traurig ist demgemäß die Situation in Südasien, wo 73 Millionen Kinder untergewichtig sind.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Serie Religionen in Südasien III: Die islamische Schi’a in Südasien
Creators: name: Golzio, Karl-Heinz
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die folgende kurze Charakterisierung dreier auf dem Subkontinent vertretener Strömungen der Schi’a und ihrer vorderorientalischen Verbindungen mag illustrieren, wie facettenreich die Entwicklung – nicht zuletzt bedingt durch historische Umstände – von Religionen verlaufen kann. - Es ist nur zu gut bekannt, daß der sunnitische Islam, der sich im 11. und 12. Jh. herausgebildet hatte, vor allem durch die Eroberungen verschiedener türkischer Dynastie seit dem 11. und hauptsächlich seit dem Ende des 12. Jhs. auf dem Subkontinent heimisch geworden war. Daneben etablierten sich im Laufe der Zeit aber auch in bestimmten Regionen verschiedene Spielarten der Schi’a, also jener großen Strömung innerhalb des Islam, deren Ursprünge auf rein politische Ansprüche auf das Kalifat zurückgehen und die ihren Namen von der Bezeichnung schi’at Ali, die „Partei Alis“ herleitet, also den Parteigängern des Kalifen Ali (reg. 656-661), die aber schließlich unterlag und auch im 8. Jh. vergeblich versucht hatte, die Kalifatsansprüche der Nachkommen Alis durchzusetzen.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Knock-on damage in bilayer graphene: indications for a catalytic pathway
Creators: name: Zubeltzu, Jon
name: Chuvilin, Andrey
name: Corsetti, Fabiano
name: Zurutuza, Amaia
name: Artacho, Emilio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study by high-resolution transmission electron microscopy the structural response of bilayer graphene to electron irradiation with energies below the knock-on damage threshold of graphene. We observe that one type of divacancy, which we refer to as the butterfly defect, is formed for radiation energies and doses for which no vacancies are formed in clean monolayer graphene. By using first principles calculations based on density-functional theory, we analyze two possible causes related with the presence of a second layer that could explain the observed phenomenon: an increase of the defect stability or a catalytic effect during its creation. For the former, the obtained formation energies of the defect in monolayer and bilayer systems show that the change in stability is negligible. For the latter, ab initio molecular dynamics simulations indicate that the threshold energy for direct expulsion does not decrease in bilayer graphene as compared with monolayer graphene, and we demonstrate the possibility of creating divacancies through catalyzed intermediate states below this threshold energy. The estimated cross section agrees with what is observed experimentally. Therefore, we show the possibility of a catalytic pathway for creating vacancies under electron radiation below the expulsion threshold energy.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
Microscopic unitary description of tidal excitations in high-energy string-brane collisions
Creators: name: D'Appollonio, Giuseppe
name: Di Vecchia, Paolo
name: Russo, Rodolfo
name: Veneziano, Gabriele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The eikonal operator was originally introduced to describe the effect of tidal excitations on higher-genus elastic string amplitudes at high energy. In this paper we provide a precise interpretation for this operator through the explicit tree-level calculation of generic inelastic transitions between closed strings as they scatter off a stack of parallel Dp-branes. We perform this analysis both in the light-cone gauge, using the Green-Schwarz vertex, and in the covariant formalism, using the Reggeon vertex operator. We also present a detailed discussion of the high energy behaviour of the covariant string amplitudes, showing how to take into account the energy factors that enhance the contribution of the longitudinally polarized massive states in a simple way.
description: 58 pages
ЛАНДШАФТНО-ГЕОХИМИЧЕСКОЕ ОБСЛЕДОВАНИЕ РП-511 ДЛЯ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ ПУСКА РКН ИЗ СОСТАВА КРК «АМУР» С КОСМОДРОМА «ВОСТОЧНЫЙ»
Creators: name: А.В. Пузанов
name: С.Н. Балыкин
name: А.В. Салтыков
Publisher: name: Известия Алтайского отделения Русского географического общества
Year: 2020
Subjects: Хабаровский край
Эзоп
Дуссе-Алинь
Буреинский
Бурея
по-верхностные воды
растения
почвы

description: Приводятся результаты предварительного ландшафтно-геохимического обследо-вания района падения первой ступени ракет космического назначения из состава КРК «Амур», запускаемых с космодрома «Восточный». Объектами исследования были ос-новные компоненты ландшафта, на которые негативно может повлиять ракетно-космическая деятельность. Определяли основные свойства и состав потенциальных загрязнителей: для почвенного покрова – pH, емкость катионного обмена, содержание гумуса, ионный, гранулометрический и элементный состав; для растительного покро-ва – элементный состав; для поверхностных вод – pH, температура, содержание нефтепродуктов, ионный и элементный состав. Установлено, что все исследуемые потенциальные загрязнители компонентов ландшафта находятся на уровне предель-но-допустимых концентраций.
ОБ ИЗМЕНЧИВОСТИ СОЕДИНЕНИЙ ФОСФОРА В ВОДОХРАНИЛИЩАХ, СХОДНЫХ ПО ГИДРОЛОГИЧЕСКИМ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКАМ
Creators: name: А.А. Цхай
Publisher: name: Известия Алтайского отделения Русского географического общества
Year: 2020
Subjects: водохранилище
математическая модель
гидрология
загрязняю-щие вещества
трансформация
биогеохимический цикл

description: Объектом исследования являются экосистемы водохранилищ. Проведена оценка изменчивости и накопления фосфора в экосистемах этих водных объектов, сходных по гидрологическим характеристикам. Сопоставление данных по содержанию фосфора в Новосибирском водохранилище (которых недостаточно) с данными хорошо изученных волжских водохранилищ позволяет дополнительным образом верифицировать резуль-таты, полученные при имитационном моделировании в случае неполной и неточной информации.
Interplay of many-body interactions and quasiperiodic disorder in the all-band-flat diamond chain
Creators: name: Ahmed, Aamna
name: Roy, Nilanjan
name: Sharma, Auditya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of quasiperiodic Aubry-André (AA) disorder and interactions on a one-dimensional all-band-flat (ABF) diamond chain. We consider the application of disorder in two ways: a symmetric one, where the same disorder is applied to the top and bottom sites of a unit cell, and an antisymmetric one, where the disorder applied to the top and bottom sites are of equal magnitude but with opposite signs. The single-particle wave-packet dynamics for the clean system and when the disorder is applied symmetrically show quantum caging; in the antisymmetric case, the wave-packet spreads over the entire lattice. These results agree with our previous work, where compact localization was observed in the case of the clean system and for symmetrically disordered diamond lattices. In the presence of nearest-neighbour interactions, nonergodic phases are observed in the case of a clean system and symmetrical disorder; at higher disorder strengths, we find an MBL-like phase in the symmetric case. However, many-body non-equilibrium dynamics of the system from carefully engineered initial states exhibit quantum caging. In the antisymmetric case, a nonergodic mixed phase, a thermal phase and an MBL-like phases, respectively, are observed at low, intermediate and high disorder strengths. We observe an absence of caging and initial state dependence (except at the intermediate disorder strength) in the study of non-equilibrium dynamics.
description: 18 pages, 25 figures
Hausgemachte Probleme im Globalen Dorf
Creators: name: Rosemann, Nils
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Die Londoner „Gatorate Verschwörung“ hat erneut die weltweiten Alarmglocken schellen lassen. Neben der persönlichen Angst um die individuelle Sicherheit, rechtfertigen das Komplott zur Flugzeugentführung erneut staatliche Einschränkungen der persönlichen Freiheit im Namen der inneren Sicherheit. Vergessen war die Kritik an Tony Blairs Regierung und durch britische Gerichte festgestellte Rechtswidrigkeit seiner Antiterrorgesetze. In Amerika gewann George W. Bushs Politik fünf Prozent an Zustimmung zu seiner Politik und nachdem man den in Pakistan festgesetzten Rashid Rauf als Drahtzieher und Schlüsselfigur deklarierte, galt auch Pakistan erneut als „wichtigster Bündnispartner außerhalb der NATO“, wie einst Bush formulierte.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Local observation of pair-condensation in a Fermi gas at unitarity
Creators: name: Lingham, M. G.
name: Fenech, K.
name: Hoinka, S.
name: Vale, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present measurements of the local (homogeneous) density-density response function of a Fermi gas at unitarity using spatially resolved Bragg spectroscopy. By analyzing the Bragg response across one axis of the cloud we extract the response function for a uniform gas which shows a clear signature of the Bose-Einstein condensation of pairs of fermions when the local temperature drops below the superfluid transition temperature. The method we use for local measurement generalizes a scheme for obtaining the local pressure in a harmonically trapped cloud from the line density and can be adapted to provide any homogeneous parameter satisfying the local density approximation.
description: New version, 6 pages, 3 figures
Aspects of cubic nilpotent superfields
Creators: name: Aldabergenov, Yermek
name: Antoniadis, Ignatios
name: Chatrabhuti, Auttakit
name: Isono, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study in more detail the cubic constraints for N=1 chiral superfields proposed in the earlier work Eur. Phys. J. C 81, 523 (2021), which describe low-energy goldstino-axion dynamics in global non-linearly realized supersymmetry. We generalize the constraint (i) by gauging the abelian symmetry that shifts the axion, and (ii) to supergravity. In the former case we show that after adding the abelian gauge multiplet, the construction can be formulated as a cubic nilpotent massive vector superfield. In the latter case we find explicit solution to the constraint including contributions from the supergravity multiplet. We also propose microscopic supergravity models (with linear supersymmetry), including a toy model for the string dilaton, which give rise to the cubic constraints at low energies.
description: 31 pages, 1 figure
title: Using Micro-Simulation to Evaluate Transit Signal Priority for LRT Operations in A Downtown Environment
Creators: name: Mahmud, Faisal
Publisher: name: Old Dominion University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Transit Signal Priority or TSP is an operational strategy that facilitates the movement of transit vehicles such as buses, light rail or streetcars, through traffic-signal controlled intersections. The benefits of TSP operations include improved schedule adherence and improved transit travel times with minimal impact to normal traffic operations. New advances in Global Positioning Systems, detection and communication, and control strategies have helped overcome many problems with early systems and increased interest in implementing TSP for Light Rail Transit (LRT) and other transit operations. The increased capabilities of these advanced systems have led to a dramatic increase in operational and planned TSP deployment across the U.S.

In this study a portion of the new Tide Light Rail Transit (LRT) System in Norfolk, VA is modeled and evaluated. There are four intersections in this network that are in conflict with the Tide transit line. In order to model and evaluate the TSP operations, a micro-simulation model for the network is created in VISSIM. By using the Ring Barrier Controller (RBC) emulator within VISSIM, the control logic for TSP and No TSP scenarios is created. Since the overall goal of this study is to assess the operational benefits of TSP strategies and to compare it with a No TSP scenario, several measures of effectiveness are collected from the VISSIM output including delays and average queue lengths. Numerous simulation runs are performed under low and high traffic demand scenarios to test how the TSP strategy performs in comparison to the No TSP option.

The results show that for low volume traffic, delay is decreased in most of the intersections and average queue length is decreased in all of the intersections. On the other hand, for high volume traffic, delay is reduced in all of the intersections though average queue length is increased in only one intersection.
Area law violation for the mutual information in a nonequilibrium steady state
Creators: name: Eisler, Viktor
name: Zimboras, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the nonequilibrium steady state of an infinite chain of free fermions, resulting from an initial state where the two sides of the system are prepared at different temperatures. The mutual information is calculated between two adjacent segments of the chain and is found to scale logarithmically in the subsystem size. This provides the first example of the violation of the area law in a quantum many-body system outside a zero temperature regime. The prefactor of the logarithm is obtained analytically and, furthermore, the same prefactor is shown to govern the logarithmic increase of mutual information in time, before the system relaxes locally to the steady state.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, final version, references added
Thermal right-handed neutrino production rate in the relativistic regime
Creators: name: Laine, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production rate of right-handed neutrinos from a Standard Model plasma at a temperature above a hundred GeV is evaluated up to NLO in Standard Model couplings. The results apply in the so-called relativistic regime, referring parametrically to a mass M ~ pi T, generalizing thereby previous NLO results which only apply in the non-relativistic regime M >> pi T. The non-relativistic expansion is observed to converge for M > 15 T, but the smallness of any loop corrections allows it to be used in practice already for M > 4 T. In the latter regime any non-covariant dependence of the differential rate on the spatial momentum is shown to be mild. The loop expansion breaks down in the ultrarelativistic regime M << pi T, but after a simple mass resummation it nevertheless extrapolates reasonably well towards a result obtained previously through complete LPM resummation, apparently confirming a strong enhancement of the rate at high temperatures (which facilitates chemical equilibration). When combined with other ingredients the results may help to improve upon the accuracy of leptogenesis computations operating above the electroweak scale.
description: 37 pages. v2: clarification added; published version
Examining the Effects of COVID-19 on Business Activity and Consumer Behavior in Philadelphia
Creators: name: Gao, Peihan
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023

description: This study investigates the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on businesses and consumer sentiment in Philadelphia using Yelp data. I analyze business closure and opening rates, changes in consumer sentiment, and topic changes in re- views for both central business district (CBD) and non-CBD areas. Results show that CBD businesses experienced a higher rate of closures compared to non-CBD businesses. Additionally, I found an interesting pattern that customer ratings along with sentiments towards businesses became higher after the pandemic out- break, with a larger increase in positive reviews for CBD businesses compared to non-CBD businesses. Topic modeling revealed a shift in topics discussed in Yelp reviews, with an increased focus on safety measures and delivery/takeout options. Our findings have important implications for policymakers and businesses in Philadelphia, highlighting the need for targeted support for CBD businesses and a focus on implementing safety measures to rebuild consumer confidence.
Robust Short-term Operation of AC Power Network with Injection Uncertainties
Creators: name: Tiwari, Anamika
name: Mohapatra, Abheejeet
name: Sahoo, Soumya Ranjan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: With uncertain injections from Renewable Energy Sources (RESs) and loads, deterministic AC Optimal Power Flow (OPF) often fails to provide optimal setpoints of conventional generators. A computationally time-efficient, economical, and robust solution is essential for ACOPF with short-term injection uncertainties. Usually, applying Robust Optimization (RO) for conventional non-linear ACOPF results in computationally intractable Robust Counterpart (RC), which is undesirable as ACOPF is an operational problem. Hence, this paper proposes a single-stage non-integer non-recursive RC of ACOPF, using a dual transformation, for short-term injection uncertainties. The proposed RC is convex, tractable, and provides base-point active power generations and terminal voltage magnitudes (setpoints) of conventional generators that satisfy all constraints for all realizations of defined injection uncertainties. The non-linear impact of uncertainties on other variables is inherently modeled without using any affine policy. The proposed approach also includes the budget of uncertainty constraints for low conservatism of the obtained setpoints. Monte-Carlo Simulation (MCS) based participation factored AC power flows validate the robustness of the obtained setpoints on NESTA and case9241pegase systems for different injection uncertainties. Comparison with previous approaches indicates the efficacy of the proposed approach in terms of low operational cost and computation time.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures, 5 tables
Marmota Blumenbach 1779
Creators: name: Hoffmann, Robert S.
name: Anderson, Charles G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1993
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Sciuridae
Marmota

description: Marmota Blumenbach, 1779. Hand. Hilfsb. Nat., 1:79. TYPE SPECIES: Mus marmota Linnaeus, 1758. SYNONYMS: Arctomys Schreber, 1780; Glis Erxleben, 1777; Lagomys Storr, 1780; Lipura Storr, 1780; Marmotops Pocock, 1922. COMMENTS: Tribe Marmotini (Moore, 1959). North American species reviewed by Howell (1915); Eurasian species revised by Gromov et al. (1965); amphiberingian species reviewed by Hoffmann et al. (1979). Frase and Hoffmann (1980) provided a key to North American species.
description: Published as part of Robert S. Hoffmann & Charles G. Anderson, 1993, Order Rodentia - Family Sciuridae, pp. 419-465 in Mammal Species of the World (2 nd Edition), Washington and London :Smithsonian Institution Press on page 430, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353130
description: {"references": ["Linnaeus, C. 1758. Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classis, ordines, genera, species cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tenth ed. Vol. 1. Laurentii Salvii, Stockholm, 824 pp.", "Erxleben, J. C. P. 1777. Systema regni animalis per classes, ordines, genera, species, varietates, cum synonymia et historia animalium. Classis I. Mammalia. Weygandianis, Lipsiae, 636 pp.", "Storr, G. C. C. 1780. Prodromus methodi mammalium. Inaugeralem disputationem propositus praeside G. C. C. Storr. Respondente F. Wolffer Litteris Reissimis, Tubingae, 43 pp.", "Moore, J. C. 1959. Relationships among the living squirrels of the Sciurinae. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 118 (4): 157 - 206.", "Howell, A. H. 1915. Revision of the American marmots. North American Fauna, 37: 1 - 80.", "Gromov, I. M., D. I. Bibikov, N. I. Kalabukhov, and M. N. N. Meier. 1965. Fauna SSSR, Mlekopitayushchie, tom. 3, vyp. 2 [Fauna of the U. S. S. R. Mammals. vol. 3, No. 2]. Nazemnye belich'e [Ground Squirrels]. Nauka, Moscow-Leningrad, 467 pp. (in Russian).", "Hoffmann, R. S., J. W. Koeppl, and C. F. Nadler. 1979. The relationships of the amphiberingian marmots (Mammalia: Sciuridae). Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, University of Kansas, 83: 1 - 56.", "Frase, B., and R. S. Hoffmann. 1980. Marmota flaviventris. Mammalian Species, 135: 1 - 8."]}
Supplemental Tables for original research article: Serum follistatin is increased in thyroid cancer and associated with adversed tumor characteristics in humans
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Grigorios
name: Ghaly, Wael
name: Jagriti Upadhyay
name: Pazaitou-Panayiotou, Kalliopi
name: Mantzoros, Christos S
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Tables for original research article:Serum follistatin is increased in thyroid cancer and associated with adversed tumor characteristics in humans
Handheld device for non-contact thermometry via optically detected magnetic resonance of proximate diamond sensors
Creators: name: Abrahams, G. J.
name: Ellul, E.
name: Robertson, I. O.
name: Khalid, A.
name: Greentree, A. D.
name: Gibson, B. C.
name: Tetienne, J. -P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optically detected magnetic resonance (ODMR) spectroscopy of defect-rich semiconductors is being increasingly exploited for realising a variety of practical quantum sensing devices. A prime example is the on-going development of compact magnetometers based on the nitrogen-vacancy (NV) defect in diamond for the remote sensing of magnetic signals with high accuracy and sensitivity. In these applications, the ODMR-active material is integrated into the overall apparatus to form a self-contained sensor. However, some emerging applications require the sensing material to be in physical contact with an external object of interest, thus requiring an independent readout device. Here we present an ODMR-meter, a compact device specially designed to allow convenient, contactless monitoring of ODMR in a target object, and demonstrate its application to temperature monitoring with NV defects. Our prototype is composed of a handheld readout head (integrating all the necessary optical components and a microwave antenna) and a control box connected to a laptop computer, all made primarily from commercial off-the-shelf components. We test our device using an NV-rich bulk diamond as the object, demonstrate a temperature sensitivity of $10~{\rm mK}/\sqrt{\rm Hz}$ in static conditions, and demonstrate the feasibility of handheld operation. The limitations to measurement speed, sensitivity and accuracy are discussed. The presented device may find immediate use in medical and industrial applications where accurate thermometry is required, and can be extended to magnetic field measurements.
Angst vor Stigmatisierung
Creators: name: Siddiqui, Adnan
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Für viele Pakistaner auf der ganzen Welt war es ein Schock. Nach eigenen Angaben verhinderte die britische Polizei am 9.8. einen neuen Massenmord. Selbstmordattentäter hatten geplant, mehrere Flugzeuge auf dem Weg von London in die USA in die Luft zu sprengen. Im Zuge der Ermittlungen nahm die Londoner Polizei bereits 24 Terrorverdächtige fest, 19 von ihnen sind pakistanischer Herkunft. Auch im Juli 2005 waren Terroristen pakistanischer Abstammung an den verheerenden Anschlägen mit 52 Toten in der britischen Hauptstadt beteiligt. Nicht nur die Pakistaner in London sehen sich nun unter Generalverdacht und befürchten, dass ihr Heimatland Pakistan und ihre Landsleute nur noch in einem negativen Licht erscheinen. Diese Angst teilen auch viele Pakistaner in Deutschland. Adnan Siddiqui hat sich in der Quba-Moschee in Köln-Kalk umgehört und sich mit einigen Pakistanern unterhalten.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben
Inverse scattering of Canonical systems and their evolution
Creators: name: Melnikov, Andrey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35Q41, 47D06

description: In this work we present an analogue of the inverse scattering for Canonical systems using theory of vessels and associated to them completely integrable systems. Analytic coefficients fits into this setting, significantly expanding the class of functions for which the inverse scattering exist. We also derive an evolutionary equation, arising from canonical systems, which describes the evolution of the logarithmic derivative of the tau function, associated to these systems
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1303.5324
To Read or Not to Read: Risk and Literacy for Enslaved Americans
Creators: name: Ortiz, P. Henry
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Slave literacy
subject: Literacy
subject: Slavery

description: When antebellum slaveholders opposed slave literacy, it was primarily because they thought readers and slaves had opposing characteristics. Through lectures, threats, and commands about literacy, slaveholders conveyed that sentiment to enslaved people. Consequently, enslaved people usually concluded that pursuing literacy was too risky, leading most of them to not pursue literacy. But sometimes enslaved people became passionate about acquiring literacy and tenaciously pursued the skill. Pursuing literacy was a tradeoff: it increased enslaved people's chances of acquiring literacy, but also their chances of getting whipped. Enslaved people who pursued literacy usually did not get whipped, likely because relatively few pursued literacy and because getting help from a white was the most common way enslaved people pursued literacy. Because literacy was only of tenuous value for someone in the position of an American slave, enslaved people were smart to favor caution about pursuing literacy.
Robust formulation of Wick's theorem for computing matrix elements between Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov wavefunctions
Creators: name: Chen, Guo P.
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical difficulties associated with computing matrix elements of operators between Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov (HFB) wavefunctions have plagued the development of HFB-based many-body theories for decades. The problem arises from divisions by zero in the standard formulation of the nonorthogonal Wick's theorem in the limit of vanishing HFB overlap. In this paper, we present a robust formulation of Wick's theorem that stays well-behaved regardless of whether the HFB states are orthogonal or not. This new formulation ensures cancellation between the zeros of the overlap and the poles of the Pfaffian, which appears naturally in fermionic systems. Our formula explicitly eliminates self-interaction, which otherwise causes additional numerical challenges. A computationally efficient version of our formalism enables robust symmetry-projected HFB calculations with the same computational cost as mean-field theories. Moreover, we avoid potentially diverging normalization factors by introducing a robust normalization procedure. The resulting formalism treats even and odd number of particles on equal footing and reduces to Hartree-Fock as a natural limit. As proof of concept, we present a numerically stable and accurate solution to a Jordan-Wigner-transformed Hamiltonian, whose singularities motivated the present work. Our robust formulation of Wick's theorem is a most promising development for methods using quasiparticle vacuum states.
Greek Chicagoans and the Rise of Modern Conservatism: Daley, Agnew, and American Identity
Creators: name: Tsikitas, Arianna
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Greek-American
subject: Spiro Agnew
subject: Richard J. Daley
subject: Conservatism
subject: American Politics
subject: Chicago
subject: Bootstrap Capitalism
subject: White Ethnic
subject: Richard Nixon
subject: 1972 Election

description: This thesis explores the motivating factors that influenced Greek-Americans in Chicago to become more conservative voters in the years around Nixon's first term. The first section is an overview of Greek history in Chicago, particularly emphasizing their economic and social experiences. The second section analyzes the issues which motivated the conservative Evangelical Christian voter and compares them to Greek-American positions on said topics, arguing that as Greeks in Chicago embraced their multiculturalism, they retained and emphasized ethnic traits which supported their ascendance in white America. Intermingled within this analysis is the Mayoral reign of Richard J. Daley (1955-1977), arguing that Greek-Chicagoans' allegiance to Daley's Democratic machine as well as their embrace of the Nixon-Agnew ticket were not conflicting choices but rather showcased their traditionalism and growing suspicion of New Deal liberalism.
Supplemental Tables for original research article: Serum follistatin is increased in thyroid cancer and associated with adversed tumor characteristics in humans: a case control study
Creators: name: Panagiotou, Grigorios
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 110306 Endocrinology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Tables for original research article:Serum follistatin is increased in thyroid cancer and associated with adversed tumor characteristics in humans: a case control study
Gemischte Bilanz nach fünf Jahren
Creators: name: Bärthlein, Thomas
Publisher: name: Südasien
Year: 2022

description: Seit dem Afghanistan-Krieg in den Achtzigerjahren ist in Pakistan ein breites Spektrum militanter islamistischer Gruppierungen entstanden. Mit tatkräftiger Unterstützung durch die USA und durch den pakistanischen Geheimdienst bekämpften sie zunächst die sowjetischen Invasoren im Nachbarland. Anschließend, in den Neunzigerjahren, wurde das von Indien kontrollierte Kaschmir-Tal zu ihrem Operationsgebiet, wiederum mit Unterstützung der pakistanischen Regierung. Nach dem 11. September 2001 schloss sich Pakistans Präsident Musharraf dann dem „Krieg gegen den Terror“ an. Im Ausland wurde allerdings immer wieder bezweifelt, dass Pakistan es damit ernst meine.
description: Südasien, Bd. 26 Nr. 2/3 (2006): Wirtschaften Schreiben