cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Catching Disruption: Regulating Corporate Venture Capital
Creators: name: Fan, Jennifer S.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Venture capital
subject: Corporations--Finance
subject: Corporate governance
subject: Risk assessment

description: Sesame Street, Walgreens, 7-Eleven, General Motors, Campbell Soup—these are not the names of companies that come to mind when thinking about the startup world. Yet, each of these companies started its own corporate venture capital arm in the last eight years. Corporate venture capital (“CVC”)—equity investments in external startups made by corporations or investment entities designated by corporations—no longer play a minor role in venture capital; they have become an influential force in the field. Business scholars have been at the forefront of studying this newly powerful phenomenon. Thus far, however, legal scholars have overlooked CVCs. Legal scholars—and many in the venture capital community—see only two players: traditional venture capital firms and entrepreneurs. The failure to appreciate the significance of CVCs as a third major player impoverishes theoretical and practical accounts of venture capital. This Article reframes the legal discussion of venture capital to incorporate key shifts wrought by CVCs in areas from corporate governance to risk allocation.
Dynamics of Random Graphs with Bounded Degrees
Creators: name: Ben-Naim, E.
name: Krapivsky, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We investigate the dynamic formation of regular random graphs. In our model, we pick a pair of nodes at random and connect them with a link if both of their degrees are smaller than d. Starting with a set of isolated nodes, we repeat this linking step until a regular random graph, where all nodes have degree d, forms. We view this process as a multivariate aggregation process, and formally solve the evolution equations using the Hamilton-Jacoby formalism. We calculate the nontrivial percolation thresholds for the emergence of the giant component when d>=3. Also, we estimate the number of steps until the giant component spans the entire system and the total number of steps until the regular random graph forms. These quantities are non self-averaging, namely, they fluctuate from realization to realization even in the thermodynamic limit.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables
The First Galaxies: Assembly with Black Hole Feedback
Creators: name: Jeon, Myoungwon
name: Pawlik, Andreas H.
name: Greif, Thomas H.
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Bromm, Volker
name: Milosavljevic, Milos
name: Klessen, Ralf S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how the first galaxies were assembled under feedback from the accretion onto a central black hole (BH) that is left behind by the first generation of metal-free stars through self-consistent, cosmological simulations. X-ray radiation from the accretion of gas onto BH remnants of Population III (Pop III) stars, or from high-mass X-ray binaries (HMXBs), again involving Pop III stars, influences the mode of second generation star formation. We track the evolution of the black hole accretion rate and the associated X-ray feedback starting with the death of the Pop III progenitor star inside a minihalo and following the subsequent evolution of the black hole as the minihalo grows to become an atomically cooling galaxy. We find that X-ray photoionization heating from a stellar-mass BH is able to quench further star formation in the host halo at all times before the halo enters the atomic cooling phase. X-ray radiation from a HMXB, assuming a luminosity close to the Eddington value, exerts an even stronger, and more diverse, feedback on star formation. It photoheats the gas inside the host halo, but also promotes the formation of molecular hydrogen and cooling of gas in the intergalactic medium and in nearby minihalos, leading to a net increase in the number of stars formed at early times. Our simulations further show that the radiative feedback from the first BHs may strongly suppress early BH growth, thus constraining models for the formation of supermassive BHs.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
An Algebra for Integration and Analysis of Ponder2 Policies
Creators: name: Zhao, Hang
name: Lobo, Jorge
name: Bellovin, Steven Michael
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Traditional policies often focus on access control requirement and there have been several proposals to define access control policy algebras to handle their compositions. Recently, obligations are increasingly being expressed as part of security policies. However, the compositions and interactions between these two have not yet been studied adequately. In this paper, we propose an algebra capturing both authorization and obligation policies. The algebra consists of two policy constants and six basic operations. It provides language independent mechanisms to manage policies. As a concrete example, we instantiate the algebra for the Ponder2 policy language.
Business Model Development
Creators: name: Moreau, Laurine
name: Rinaldi, Raphaël
name: Mazzon, Enrico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This deliverable related to Task 8.1 – WP8 will collect the different business models for each of the use cases that will be triggered by the project execution. These business models will evaluate the pros and cons of implementing them depending on different boundary conditions and demo-sites. The deliverable will include the exploitation routes of the innovations developed in the FLEXIGRID project. The deliverable will be updated during the project at month 24, 36 and 48.
IMPROVING METHODOLOGY FOR TEACHING ENGLISH IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS BASED ON INNOVATIVE APPROACHES
Creators: name: Iskandarova, Mokhira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This paper explores innovative approaches to English language teaching (ELT) in higher education institutions, focusing on how modern pedagogical strategies and technological advancements can enhance language acquisition. In response to evolving educational needs, this article examines various innovations in ELT methodology, including task-based learning, flipped classrooms, blended learning, and the use of technology. By investigating current trends and best practices, the paper outlines how these innovative methods can foster more engaging, effective, and learner-centered environments, ultimately improving students' proficiency and communicative skills in English.
Additional file 1 of Nanobody-based trispecific T cell engager (Nb-TriTE) enhances therapeutic efficacy by overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression
Creators: name: Ding, Ziqiang
name: Sun, Shuyang
name: Wang, Xuan
name: Yang, Xiaomei
name: Shi, Wei
name: Huang, Xianing
name: Xie, Shenxia
name: Mo, Fengzhen
name: Hou, Xiaoqiong
name: Liu, Aiqun
name: Jiang, Xiaobing
name: Tang, Zhuoran
name: Lu, Xiaoling
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Nanobody-based trispecific T cell engager (Nb-TriTE) enhances therapeutic efficacy by overcoming tumor-mediated immunosuppression.
Azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles at high transverse momenta in PbPb collisions at sqrt(s[NN]) = 2.76 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The azimuthal anisotropy of charged particles in PbPb collisions at nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy of 2.76 TeV is measured with the CMS detector at the LHC over an extended transverse momentum (pt) range up to approximately 60 GeV. The data cover both the low-pt region associated with hydrodynamic flow phenomena and the high-pt region where the anisotropies may reflect the path-length dependence of parton energy loss in the created medium. The anisotropy parameter (v2) of the particles is extracted by correlating charged tracks with respect to the event-plane reconstructed by using the energy deposited in forward-angle calorimeters. For the six bins of collision centrality studied, spanning the range of 0-60% most-central events, the observed v2 values are found to first increase with pt, reaching a maximum around pt = 3 GeV, and then to gradually decrease to almost zero, with the decline persisting up to at least pt = 40 GeV over the full centrality range measured.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
Trends in Antihypertensive Medication Discontinuation and Low Adherence Among Medicare Beneficiaries Initiating Treatment From 2007 to 2012
Creators: name: Tajeu, Gabriel S.
name: Kent, Shia T.
name: Kronish, Ian M.
name: Huang, Lei
name: Krousel-Wood, Marie
name: Bress, Adam P.
name: Shimbo, Daichi
name: Munter, Paul
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Patient compliance
Hypertension
Hypotensive agents
Medicare beneficiaries
Epidemiology

description: Low antihypertensive medication adherence is common. During recent years, the impact of low medication adherence on increased morbidity and healthcare costs has become more recognized, leading to interventions aimed at improving adherence. We analyzed a 5% sample of Medicare beneficiaries initiating antihypertensive medication between 2007 and 2012 to assess whether reductions occurred in discontinuation and low adherence. Discontinuation was defined as having no days of antihypertensive medication supply for the final 90 days of the 365 days after initiation. Low adherence was defined as having a proportion of days covered <80% during the 365 days after initiation among beneficiaries who did not discontinue treatment. Between 2007 and 2012, 41 135 Medicare beneficiaries in the 5% sample initiated antihypertensive medication. Discontinuation was stable during the study period (21.0% in 2007 and 21.3% in 2012; P-trend=0.451). Low adherence decreased from 37.4% in 2007 to 31.7% in 2012 (P-trend<0.001). After multivariable adjustment, the relative risk of low adherence for beneficiaries initiating treatment in 2012 versus in 2007 was 0.88 (95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.92). Low adherence was more common among racial/ethnic minorities, beneficiaries with Medicaid buy-in (an indicator of low income), and those with polypharmacy, and was less common among females, beneficiaries initiating antihypertensive medication with multiple classes or a 90-day prescription fill, with dementia, a history of stroke, and those who reached the Medicare Part D coverage gap in the previous year. In conclusion, low adherence to antihypertensive medication has decreased among Medicare beneficiaries; however, rates of discontinuation and low adherence remain high.
Architectural Drawing of Outdoor Landscape, c. 1940
Creators: name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This architectural drawing shows an outdoor landscape, c. 1940
Advances in terahertz frequency combs
Creators: name: Stead, Robert A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Following a review of the theory of terahertz generation via optical rectification in nonlinear crystals, a method for enhancing the nonlinear conversion efficiency of this process is proposed. A nonlinear crystal is placed at the intracavity focus of a passive optical resonator, which is seeded by an ytterbium-doped fibre laser. Models of this arrangement indicate that an enhancement of the optical field of several orders of magnitude is possible. As the difference frequency radiation produced through the optical rectification process results from a mixing of the spectral components of the optical field, one expects a corresponding increase in the terahertz field. We present a design of optical resonator that compensates for the large group velocity dispersion of the nonlinear crystal. Our experimental results indicate that below bandgap absorption in the crystal severely limits the resulting enhancement of the optical field, and hence the terahertz field one would expect from this nonlinear process. A scanning-delay terahertz time-domain spectrometer has been constructed, using a gallium phosphide guiding structure to increase the interaction length of the optical and terahertz fields, thereby increasing the terahertz power produced. Our experiment demonstrates 20 dB signal to noise ratio over the spectral range of 0.5-1 THz. We propose a method for increasing the spectral resolution, whilst simultaneously reducing the required data acquisition time of such a terahertz spectrometer, through the use of two femtosecond optical frequency combs. One of these fields drives the nonlinear optical rectification process, whilst the second serves as a sampling local oscillator field to probe the terahertz field via electro-optic sampling in a second nonlinear crystal. By precisely controlling the relative pulse repetition rates of the two oscillators, we show that the full spectral content of the terahertz field can be acquired at rf frequencies, and without the slow mechanical delay lines associated with conventional terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. Finally, we present experimental efforts towards the demonstration of this technique, and show that, to be effective, steps must be taken to increase the strength of the expected rf signal over that of the measurement noise floor.
Specialized Orthonormal Frames and Embedding
Creators: name: Estabrook, Frank B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss some specializations of the frames of flat orthonormal frame bundles over geometries of indefinite signature, and the resulting symmetries of families of embedded Riemannian or pseudo-Riemannian geometries. The specializations are closed sets of linear constraints on the connection 1-forms of the framing. The embeddings can be isometric, as in minimal surfaces or Regge-Teitelboim gravity, or torsion-free, as in Einstein vacuum gravity. Involutive exterior differential systems are given, and their Cartan character tables calculated to express the well-posedness of the underlying partial differential embedding and specialization equations.
Grounding Innovation: How Ex-Ante Prohibitions and Ex-Post Allowances Impede Commercial Drone Use
Creators: name: Ravich, Timothy M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Drone aircraft--Law and legislation
subject: Technology and state
subject: Internet of things
subject: Technological innovations--Government policy

description: Unmanned aerial vehicles—”UAVs” or “drones”—are increasingly becoming a mainstream commercial phenomenon and tool for a vast range of commercial consumer, prosumer, and professional activities. Given advances in automation and miniaturization generally—and flight control stability and autopilot systems specifically—anyone can now fly in any airspace at any time by operating hand-held fixed-wing aircraft or quadcopters with little more than an ordinary smartphone or tablet. As such, sales of store-bought drones number in the millions, corresponding to the wide range of civil applications and value propositions that UAVs offer. Though civil drones are an attractive business investment, substantial regulatory headwinds confront the drone industry as startups endeavor to get to market and scale quickly. This is so notwithstanding—or perhaps even because of—the celebrated abilities of most small UAVs to fly boundlessly and collect and record information from nearly any vantage point. Drones are a classically disruptive technology of social, economic, and legal norms. Their operations raise novel and valid concerns in many of these areas, particularly in terms of safety and privacy. Consequently, regulators have responded—and they should. But federal, state, and local lawmakers alike have responded with policy interventions that are too often premature (or untimely) and overly rigid, discouraging the many beneficial uses of UAV technology. In fact, on the basis of ephemeral fears rather than data, regulators initially put in place overbroad and permission-based restraints that were tantamount to a de facto ban on all drone operations. This Article critiques the underlying thinking and approach that federal regulators have taken with respect to civil drones and argues that commercial UAVs should be a “permissionless innovation.” This Article posits that a better alternative to a top-down, ex-anteregulatory scheme is to broadly allow commercial UAVs and to deal with careless or reckless or nefarious operators and operations on a case-by-case, ex-postbasis. In doing so, this Article aims to present lessons learned in the context of commercial UAVs so that inefficiencies and paternalistic rulemaking can be avoided in the regulation of other innovations associated with the Internet of Things, including urban air mobility and electric vertical-takeoff-and-landing technologies—otherwise known as flying cars—that are just around the corner.
Priority-based task reassignments in hierarchical 2D mesh-connected systems using tableaux
Creators: name: Kim, Dohan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Task reassignments in 2D mesh-connected systems (2D-MSs) have been researched for several decades. We propose a hierarchical 2D mesh-connected system (2D-HMS) in order to exploit the regular nature of a 2D-MS. In our approach priority-based task assignments and reassignments in a 2D-HMS are represented by tableaux and their algorithms. We show how task relocations for a priority-based task reassignment in a 2D-HMS are reduced to a jeu de taquin slide.
description: Preprint of an article published in Discrete Mathematics, Algorithms and Applications Vol. 6, No. 2 (2014) 1450022 (16 pages), (c) World Scientific Publishing Company, DOI: 10.1142/S1793830914500220
Blueprint of a Portion of Stony Brook Village, Duncan MacD. Little, c. 1940
Creators: name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This architectural drawing shows a portion of Stony Brook Village made for or done by Duncan MacD. Little Insurance Broker
Influence of baryons on the orbital structure of dark matter haloes
Creators: name: Bryan, S. E.
name: Mao, S.
name: Kay, S. T.
name: Schaye, J.
name: Vecchia, C. Dalla
name: Booth, C. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the dynamical signatures imprinted by baryons on dark matter haloes during the formation process using the OverWhelmingly Large Simulations (OWLS), a set of state-of-the-art high-resolution cosmological hydrodynamical simulations. We present a detailed study of the effects of the implemented feedback prescriptions on the orbits of dark matter particles, stellar particles and subhaloes, analysing runs with no feedback, with stellar feedback and with feedback from supermassive black holes. We focus on the central regions (0.25 r_{200}) of haloes with virial masses ~ 6 x 10^{13} (~ 7 x 10^{11}) Msun/h at z = 0(2). We also investigate how the orbital content (relative fractions of the different orbital types) of these haloes depends on several key parameters such as their mass, redshift and dynamical state. The results of spectral analyses of the orbital content of these simulations are compared, and the change in fraction of box, tube and irregular orbits is quantified. Box orbits are found to dominate the orbital structure of dark matter haloes in cosmological simulations. There is a strong anticorrelation between the fraction of box orbits and the central baryon fraction. While radiative cooling acts to reduce the fraction of box orbits, strong feedback implementations result in a similar orbital distribution to that of the dark matter only case. The orbital content described by the stellar particles is found to be remarkably similar to that drawn from the orbits of dark matter particles, suggesting that either they have forgotten their dynamical history, or that subhaloes bringing in stars are not biased significantly with respect to the main distribution. The orbital content of the subhaloes is in broad agreement with that seen in the outer regions of the particle distributions.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Perceived clinician-patient communication in the emergency department and subsequent post-traumatic stress symptoms in patients evaluated for acute coronary syndrome
Creators: name: Chang, Bernard
name: Sumner, Jennifer A.
name: Haerizadeh, Myrta
name: Carter, Eileen J.
name: Edmondson, Donald E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Emergency medical services
Post-traumatic stress disorder--Patients
Physician and patient
Emergency medical personnel

description: Objectives: Evaluation for a potentially life-threatening cardiac event in the emergency department (ED) is a stressful experience that can result in symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder, which are associated with increased risk of morbidity and mortality in patients. No study has tested whether good clinician–patient communication in the ED is associated with better psychological outcomes in these individuals and whether it can mitigate other risk factors for post-traumatic stress symptoms (PSS) such as perception of life threat and vulnerability in the ED.

Methods: Data were analysed from 474 participants in the Reactions to Acute Care and Hospitalization (REACH) study, an observational cohort study of ED predictors of medical and psychological outcomes after evaluation for suspected acute coronary syndrome. Participants were recruited from November 2013 to January 2015 at a single-site academic medical centre (New York-Presbyterian-Columbia University Medical Center). Participants reported threat perceptions in the ED and provided information on their perceptions of clinician–patient communication using the Interpersonal Process of Care Survey. PSS were assessed using the Acute Stress Disorder Scale during follow-up.

Results: 474 subjects were enrolled in the study. Median length of follow-up was 3 days after ED presentation, range 0–30 days, 80% within 8 days. Perceptions of good clinician–patient communication in the ED were associated with lower PSS, whereas increased threat perception was associated with higher PSS. A significant interaction between clinician–patient communication and threat perception on PSS suggested that patients with higher threat perception benefited most from good clinician–patient communication.

Conclusion: Our study found an association between good clinician–patient communication in the ED during evaluation of potentially life-threatening cardiac events and decreased subsequent post-traumatic stress reactions. This association is particularly marked for patients who perceive the greatest degree of life threat and vulnerability during evaluation.
Coherent control of mesoscopic superpositions in a diatomic molecule
Creators: name: Ghosh, Suranjana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A phase controlled wave packet, recently used in experiment of wave packet interferometry of adiatomic molecule, is investigated to obtain mesoscopic superposition structures, useful in quantum metrology. This analysis provides a new way of obtaining sub-Planck scale structures at smaller time scale of revival dynamics. We study a number of situations for delineating the smallest interference structures and their control by tailoring the relative phase between two subsidiary wave packets. We also find the most appropriate state, so far, for high precision parameter estimation in a system of diatomic molecule.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
RAQAMLI EGIZAK (DIGITAL TWIN) TEXNOLOGIYALARINING SANOAT VA ENERGETIKA SOHASIDA QO'LLANILISH
Creators: name: Qodirov, Farrux
name: Turayeva, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Raqamli egizak (Digital Twin) texnologiyalari sanoat va energetika sohalarida keng qo‘llanilmoqda. Bu texnologiya haqiqiy ob'ektlar yoki tizimlarning raqamli nusxalarini yaratish orqali, ularning ishlashini simulyatsiya qilish, monitoring qilish, tahlil qilish va optimallashtirish imkonini beradi.Bu maqola sanoat va energetika sohalarida raqamli egizak texnologiyalarining imkoniyatlarini kengaytiradi va ularning kelajakdagi rivojlanish tendensiyalarini ko‘rsatadi.
title: Seasonal migration of salmonids in the Great Lakes interpreted from coded-wire-tag recoveries
Creators: name: Adlerstein, Sara
name: Rutherford, Edward
name: Clapp, David
name: Claramunt, Randy
name: Johnson, James
Publisher: name: ASC 2009 - Theme session J
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.In the Laurentian Great Lakes, introduced Pacific salmonids are dominant pelagic predators and support valuable recreational fisheries. General declines in stocks during the 1980s prompted mass-tagging programs to investigate movements, and to inform assessments and stocking. Millions of smolts implanted with coded-wire-tags (CWTs) were released and recovered from fisheries, surveys, and weirs. In this paper, we consolidate and refine our previous analysis of Chinook salmon movements in lakes Michigan and Huron where we investigated feasibility of using CWT recoveries from different sources to study movements and analyzed seasonal movements in lakes Huron and Michigan. We based our study on recoveries from recreational fisheries and used Generalized Linear Models, and used recoveries from all sources to complement the analysis. We modeled recoveries by fishing trips to estimate spatially and temporally explicit abundance indices, and accounted for efficiency among recovery sources (charterboat reports, creel-clerk interviews, and dedicated-tag collections). Results show the feasibility of using recovery data from recreational fisheries to study movement. Since variation in recovery levels among recovery sources was significant, and larger than temporal or spatial variation, studies based on CWT recoveries need to consider efficiency to avoid biases. Distribution of tagged fish indicated displacements from southern areas towards the north from spring through summer, from inshore to offshore areas during summer, and back to near original stocking sites in the fall as spawning season approached. Movement patterns coincided with favorable water temperatures and prey distributions, and there were similarities with the published accounts of movement patterns exhibited by Chinook salmon in the Pacific Ocean from which Great Lakes populations originated. Seasonal changes in Chinook salmon distribution influence recreational fisheries, and stocking strategies should consider influences of movement patterns on fishing opportunities. Thus, our results have implications for fisheries management and also for tagging study design in the region and other large-scale systems.
The effects of estrogens and hormone replacement therapy on adult hippocampal neurogenesis and cognition in young and middle-aged female rats.
Creators: name: Barha, Cindy
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: In women, age-associated decline in cognitive functioning is associated with the onset of menopause, which is the cessation of ovarian functioning and leads to dramatic reduction in circulating levels of ovarian hormones including estradiol. Estrogens have been implicated as possible therapeutic agents for improving cognition in postmenopausal women and have been linked to neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer’s disease. However, the utility of replacement with estrogens has recently been questioned in the literature. The experiments in this thesis aimed to determine the effects of replacement with different estrogens on hippocampus-dependent learning and memory and hippocampal neurogenesis in female rats, and whether these effects were dependent on different factors, including length of exposure, type of estrogens, dose of estrogens, type of memory system examined, age of subjects, and previous reproductive experience. The main findings of the experiments presented in this thesis are that hormone replacement therapy and estrone negatively impact hippocampus-dependent learning and memory (Chapters 2 and 4; Barha and Galea, in press; Barha et al., 2010), whereas other estrogens can improve hippocampus-dependent learning and memory (Chapter 4; Barha et al., 2010). Additionally, hormone replacement therapy alters hippocampal neurogenesis and decreases new neuronal activation in the dentate gyrus, which may account for impairments seen in memory functioning (Chapter 2; Barha and Galea, in press). Naturally occurring estrogens also differentially increase cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus in adult and middle-aged female rats (Chapters 3, 5; Barha et al., 2009; Barha and Galea, 2011), and this effect is dependent on previous reproductive experience in middle-aged females (Chapter 5; Barha and Galea, 2011). Thus, taken together the results from these experiments suggest that some estrogens increase while other estrogens decrease hippocampal neurogenesis and hippocampus-dependent learning and memory. These findings have important implications for determining which alternative forms of estrogens to incorporate into hormone therapy treatments in the future. Furthermore, the findings from this thesis provide new insights into our understanding of the mechanisms and function of adult neurogenesis in the female rat.
Anomaly Detection over Noisy Data Using Learned Probability Distributions
Creators: name: Eskin, Eleazar
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2000
Subjects: Computer science

description: Intrusion detection systems (IDSs) must maximize the realization of security goals while minimizing costs. In this paper, we study the problem of building cost-sensitive intrusion detection models. We examine the major cost factors associated with an IDS, which include development cost, operational cost, damage cost due to successful intrusions, and the cost of manual and automated response to intrusions. These cost factors can be qualified according to a defined attack taxonomy and site-specific security policies and priorities. We define cost models to formulate the total expected cost of an IDS. We present cost-sensitive machine learning techniques that can produce detection models that are optimized for user-defined cost metrics. Empirical experiments show that our cost-sensitive modeling and deployment techniques are effective in reducing the overall cost of intrusion detection.
New team, new opportunities? The influence of a job change on well-being, social relationships and job satisfaction: A longitudinal survey study
Creators: name: Uhlmann, Lena Marie
Publisher: name: PsychArchives
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Job change
subject: Career transitions
subject: Wellbeing
subject: Social identity
subject: Social relationships
subject: Job satisfaction
subject: Longitudinal study
subject: Workplace adjustment
subject: SIMIC (Social Identity Model of Identity Change)
subject: Work- and Organizational psychology
subject: Identity change
subject: Professional change
subject: Occupational identity
subject: Organizational identity
subject: 150

description: Job changes are among the most formative events in professional life - they open up new opportunities, but also pose exciting challenges in terms of reorientation. The Social Identity Model of Identity Change (SIMIC, Haslam et al., 2021) provides a theoretical foundation for researching job changes, by emphasizing the influence of changes in social group memberships on psychological well-being during life-changing events. The aim of the study presented here is to analyze the effects of a job change on well-being, social relationships, job satisfaction, as well as occupational and organizational identity, and to compare these with the experiences of people who have been working in the same job for a longer period of time. To our knowledge it is also the first study to apply the SIMIC to job transitions. At baseline (T1) the study included 435 participants in in the job change group (people who had changed their job within the last three months) and 176 people in the control group (people, who had not changed their job in over two years). Some participants had to be removed due to inferior data quality, so we invited a total of 548 people to the second wave. Of these, 257 people in the job change group and 145 people from the control group took part in the second wave. Data collection for the third wave is still ongoing. A three- wave longitudinal survey study was conducted with each time point 8 weeks apart. Da will be analyzed using independent samples t-tests, a Structural Equation Model (SEM), a Latent Growth Model (LGM), bivariate correlations and a MANOVA.
Blueprint of Shopping Center Basement Floor, Stony Brook, 1940
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the basement floor plans of a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Building for D.T. Bayles & Son.
Meson-exchange currents and quasielastic antineutrino cross sections in the SuperScaling Approximation
Creators: name: Amaro, J. E.
name: Barbaro, M. B.
name: Caballero, J. A.
name: Donnelly, T. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate quasielastic double-differential antineutrino cross sections obtained in a phenomenological model based on the superscaling behavior of electron scattering data and estimate the contribution of the vector meson-exchange currents in the 2p-2h sector. We show that the impact of meson-exchange currents for charge-changing antineutrino reactions is much larger than in the neutrino case.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Tunneling anisotropic spin galvanic effect
Creators: name: Fleury, Geneviève
name: Barth, Michael
name: Gorini, Cosimo
Publisher: name: Universität Regensburg
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 530 Physik

description: We show that pure spin injection from a magnetic electrode into an inversion symmetry-broken system composed of a tunnel barrier and a metallic region generates a transverse charge current. Such a tunneling spin galvanic conversion is robust to disorder and nonlocal, i.e., injection and detection contacts do not coincide, and is strongly anisotropic whenever the internal spin-orbit field has a nontrivial angular dependence. The anisotropy shows up in linear response, contrary to what happens in bulk conversion setups lacking tunneling elements. This is particularly relevant for spin-charge conversion at oxide interfaces, where both the tunnel barrier and the receiving low-dimensional metallic system host effective spin-orbit fields with complex angular symmetries.
Blueprint of Shopping Center Plans, Stony Brook, June 17, 1941
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows plans for: the ground floor, cellar spaces, and second floor of "Unit C" in a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Building for D.T. Bayles & Son.
Association of social support during emergency department evaluation for acute coronary syndrome with subsequent posttraumatic stress symptoms
Creators: name: Homma, Kirsten E.
name: Chang, Bernard
name: Shaffer, Jonathan A.
name: Toledo, Barvina
name: Hefele, Brooke
name: Dalrymple, Nathan
name: Edmondson, Donald E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Social networks
Cardiovascular emergencies
Emergency medical services--Evaluation
Post-traumatic stress disorder--Patients
Clinical health psychology

description: We examined the associations of different aspects of social support during emergency department (ED) evaluation for an acute cardiac event with perceptions of threat in the ED and subsequent posttraumatic stress symptoms (PSS) in 484 patients. Participants were enrolled in the ED where they reported on their perceptions of threat in the ED. Social support in the ED and PSS were assessed at inpatient bedside or by telephone a median of 3 days later. Positive aspects of social support were not associated with subsequent PSS. Anxiety-provoking social support was significantly associated with increased PSS at follow-up. Greater ED threat perception partially mediated that relationship.
Mean-field analysis of the majority-vote model broken-ergodicity steady state
Creators: name: Tilles, Paulo F. C.
name: Fontanari, Jose F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically a variant of the one-dimensional majority-vote model in which the individual retains its opinion in case there is a tie among the neighbors' opinions. The individuals are fixed in the sites of a ring of size $L$ and can interact with their nearest neighbors only. The interesting feature of this model is that it exhibits an infinity of spatially heterogeneous absorbing configurations for $L \to \infty$ whose statistical properties we probe analytically using a mean-field framework based on the decomposition of the $L$-site joint probability distribution into the $n$-contiguous-site joint distributions, the so-called $n$-site approximation. To describe the broken-ergodicity steady state of the model we solve analytically the mean-field dynamic equations for arbitrary time $t$ in the cases n=3 and 4. The asymptotic limit $t \to \infty$ reveals the mapping between the statistical properties of the random initial configurations and those of the final absorbing configurations. For the pair approximation ($n=2$) we derive that mapping using a trick that avoids solving the full dynamics. Most remarkably, we find that the predictions of the 4-site approximation reduce to those of the 3-site in the case of expectations involving three contiguous sites. In addition, those expectations fit the Monte Carlo data perfectly and so we conjecture that they are in fact the exact expectations for the one-dimensional majority-vote model.
Poverty Dynamics in Ghana: Evidence from Monetary and Non-Monetary Poverty
Creators: name: Arthur, Samuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Poverty, Poverty Dynamics, Monetary Poverty, Non-Monetary Poverty

description: Poverty and the fight to overcome it is far from over in Sub-Saharan Africa where more than half of the world’s poor is found. Even though Ghana has made great strides in combating the problem of poverty, the battle is yet to be won in the country given the multidimensional nature of the problem. This study analysed poverty dynamics in Ghana using both monetary and nonmonetary measures of poverty for the period 2009 to 2014. Using a panel of 4,366 household heads interviewed in the first two-waves of the Ghana National Socioeconomic Survey database, the study draws a distinction between chronic and transient poverty using both monetary and non-monetary measures and assessed the relationships that exist between the two phenomena. The results showed that whereas the chronic monetary poor for the period stood at 9.3 per cent, the chronic non-monetary poor for the data ranged between 74 per cent and 1.6 per cent for different non-monetary variables. Using a multinomial logit regression, the study discovered that the dynamics of poverty are driven by household demographic characteristics, human capital, economic, geographic and asset-related factors. The results revealed the different magnitude of factors underpinning the movement in and out of poverty are different for transient and chronic poverty in Ghana. The results of the monetary poverty measures were also compared with the results of non-monetary poverty measures and showed that monetary poverty does not exactly predict all the various aspects of non-monetary poverty and depending on the number of deprivations a household suffers from, different factors determine the deprivations. The study recommended separate policies to fight monetary poverty and nonmonetary poverty. The study further, recommended that four of the non-monetary poverty deprivations, children’s nutritional status, adults’ nutritional status, adults’ schooling and sanitation should be given more attention as they showed an upward trend in the study period. Again, realizing that the determinants of chronic and transient poverty were different, the study recommended different and appropriate short and long-term policies to deal with each.
description: This Thesis is Submitted to the University of Ghana, Legon in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirement for the Award of a Phd in Development Studies Degree
Lobsters, Hot Air Balloons, and the Hometown Tax: A Japanese Model for Revitalizing Rural Economies in the United States
Creators: name: Kanzawa, Janet W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Municipal government
subject: Local taxation
subject: Gifts
subject: Japanese--Economic conditions

description: Many municipalities in the United States are short of the tax revenue they need and have had to cut spending on public goods, which has lowered the quality of life for their residents. Municipalities in Japan face the same problem. Japan has developed an effective method for raising tax revenue for local governments and revitalizing languishing economies. Japan’s “Hometown Tax” system empowers taxpayers to divert tax revenue from affluent urban governments to struggling rural governments, stimulates small businesses and enables rural governments to be more autonomous and financially independent. Under the Hometown Tax, a taxpayer that makes a charitable contribution to a local government receives a tax deduction and credit amounting to almost the entire value of the charitable contribution. At almost no extra cost, the taxpayer can select a Return Gift to receive from a local business in the region. Return Gifts range from deliveries of fresh locally-caught lobsters to vouchers for hot air balloon rides, and are listed on online portals that connect taxpayers to municipal and prefectural governments throughout Japan. The online portals have also become donation channels for regions experiencing natural disasters. Implementing a Hometown Tax system in the United States would require the addition of state and municipal tax credits, and allowing for Return Gift selection would require the modification of U.S. quid pro quo contribution law. A Hometown Tax has risks, and could result in an excessive diversion of tax revenue from urban to rural governments. This Note concludes that, given its potential to enable struggling municipalities to prosper, increase the demand for goods produced by small businesses, and further the financial independence of local governments, the United States should consider instituting some variation of a Hometown Tax system.
Shape, transverse size, and charged-hadron multiplicity of jets in pp collisions at sqrt(s) = 7 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of jet characteristics from inclusive jet production in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV are presented. The data sample was collected with the CMS detector at the LHC during 2010 and corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 36 inverse picobarns. The mean charged hadron multiplicity, the differential and integral jet shape distributions, and two independent moments of the shape distributions are measured as functions of the jet transverse momentum for jets reconstructed with the anti-kT algorithm. The measured observables are corrected to the particle level and compared with predictions from various QCD Monte Carlo generators.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI. Supplementary data tables available
Blueprint of Shopping Center Ground Floor, Stony Brook, c. 1940
Creators: name: Smythe, Richard Haviland
name: Melville, Ward, 1887-1977
name: Organization, Ward Melville Heritage
name: Stony Brook Community Fund
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: Stony Brook
Sketches
Blueprints
Plans
Architects
Shopping centers
Architectural drawings
Stores & shops

description: This blueprint shows the ground floor plans of a shopping center located in Stony Brook, L. I. This plan was completed by architect Richard Haviland Smythe, located at 681 fifth avenue, New York. Building for D.T. Bayles & Son.