cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dysplasia grading of colorectal polyps through CNN analysis of WSI
Creators: name: Perlo, Daniele
name: Tartaglione, Enzo
name: Bertero, Luca
name: Cassoni, Paola
name: Grangetto, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Colorectal cancer is a leading cause of cancer death for both men and women. For this reason, histopathological characterization of colorectal polyps is the major instrument for the pathologist in order to infer the actual risk for cancer and to guide further follow-up. Colorectal polyps diagnosis includes the evaluation of the polyp type, and more importantly, the grade of dysplasia. This latter evaluation represents a critical step for the clinical follow-up. The proposed deep learning-based classification pipeline is based on state-of-the-art convolutional neural network, trained using proper countermeasures to tackle WSI high resolution and very imbalanced dataset. The experimental results show that one can successfully classify adenomas dysplasia grade with 70% accuracy, which is in line with the pathologists' concordance.
MOND Prediction for the Velocity Dispersion of the `Feeble Giant' Crater II
Creators: name: McGaugh, Stacy S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crater II is an unusual object among the dwarf satellite galaxies of the Local Group in that it has a very large size for its small luminosity. This provides a strong test of MOND, as Crater II should be in the deep MOND regime ($g_{in} \approx 34\;\mathrm{km}^2\,\mathrm{s}^{-2}\,\mathrm{kpc}^{-1} \ll a_0 = 3700\;\mathrm{km}^2\,\mathrm{s}^{-2}\,\mathrm{kpc}^{-1}$). Despite its great distance ($\approx 120$ kpc) from the Milky Way, the external field of the host ($g_{ex} \approx 282\; \mathrm{km}^2\,\mathrm{s}^{-2}\,\mathrm{kpc}^{-1}$) comfortably exceeds the internal field. Consequently, Crater II should be subject to the external field effect, a feature unique to MOND. This leads to the prediction of a very low velocity dispersion: $σ_{efe} = 2.1^{+0.9}_{-0.6}\;\mathrm{km}\,\mathrm{s}^{-1}$.
description: 5 pages, no figures. Minor changes made for consistency with the version accepted for publication in ApJ Letters. My expectation for the velocity dispersion in LCDM is 17 km/s. Other predictions are solicited
Early Devonian Turbidite sedimentation along the eastern margin of Melbourne Terrane
Creators: name: Nas, Dharmasatria.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Proton and neutron exchange as a prelude to fusion at near-barrier energies
Creators: name: Johnstone, J. E.
name: Singh, Varinderjit
name: Giri, R.
name: Hudan, S.
name: Vadas, J.
name: deSouza, R. T.
name: Ackermann, D.
name: Chbihi, A.
name: Hourdille, Q.
name: Abbott, A.
name: Balhoff, C.
name: Hannaman, A.
name: McIntosh, A. B.
name: Sorensen, M.
name: Tobin, Z.
name: Wakhle, A.
name: Yennello, S. J.
name: Famiano, M. A.
name: Brown, K. W.
name: Santamaria, C.
name: Lubian, J.
name: Soler, H. O.
name: Carlson, B. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic examination of fusion for $^{39,41,45,47}$K + $^{28}$Si and $^{36,44}$Ar + $^{28}$Si provides insight into the impact of neutron and proton exchange on fusion for nuclei at and near the N=20 and N=28 shells. Comparison of the reduced excitation functions reveals a marked difference between the behavior of open-shell and closed-shell systems. While coupled channels calculations provide a good description for the closed-shell nuclei they significantly under-predict the fusion cross-section for open-shell nuclei. The observed trends are examined in the context of a potential energy surface, including shell effects, and multi-nucleon exchange with consideration of Pauli-blocking.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Measuring a transmon qubit in circuit QED: dressed squeezed states
Creators: name: Khezri, Mostafa
name: Mlinar, Eric
name: Dressel, Justin
name: Korotkov, Alexander N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using circuit QED, we consider the measurement of a superconducting transmon qubit via a coupled microwave resonator. For ideally dispersive coupling, ringing up the resonator produces coherent states with frequencies matched to transmon energy states. Realistic coupling is not ideally dispersive, however, so transmon-resonator energy levels hybridize into joint eigenstate ladders of the Jaynes-Cummings type. Previous work has shown that ringing up the resonator approximately respects this ladder structure to produce a coherent state in the eigenbasis (a dressed coherent state). We numerically investigate the validity of this coherent state approximation to find two primary deviations. First, resonator ring-up leaks small stray populations into eigenstate ladders corresponding to different transmon states. Second, within an eigenstate ladder the transmon nonlinearity shears the coherent state as it evolves. We then show that the next natural approximation for this sheared state in the eigenbasis is a dressed squeezed state, and derive simple evolution equations for such states using a hybrid phase-Fock-space description.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures; v2 published version
Level spectroscopy in a two-dimensional quantum magnet: Linearly dispersing spinons at the deconfined quantum critical point
Creators: name: Suwa, Hidemaro
name: Sen, Arnab
name: Sandvik, Anders W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the level structure of excitations at the "deconfined" critical point separating antiferromagnetic and valence-bond-solid phases in two-dimensional quantum spin systems using the $J$-$Q$ model as an example. Energy gaps in different spin ($S$) and momentum (${\bf k}$) sectors are extracted from imaginary-time correlation functions obtained in quantum Monte Carlo simulations. We find strong quantitative evidence for deconfined linearly dispersing spinons with gapless points at ${\bf k}=(0,0)$, $(π,0)$, $(0,π)$, and $(π,π)$, as inferred from two-spinon excitations ($S=0$ and $S=1$ states) around these points. We also observe a duality between singlet and triplet excitations at the critical point and inside the ordered phases, in support of an enhanced symmetry, possibly SO(5).
description: 9 pages with 13 figures
title: Using Class-Level Static Properties to Predict Object Lifetimes
Creators: name: Nicolas Marion, Sebastien
Publisher: name: University of Kent
Year: 2023

description: Today, most modern programming languages such as C # or Java use an automatic memory management system also known as a Garbage Collector (GC). Over the course of program execution, new objects are allocated in memory, and some older objects become unreachable (die). In order for the program to keep running, it becomes necessary to free the memory of dead objects; this task is performed periodically by the GC. Research has shown that most objects die young and as a result, generational collectors have become very popular over the years. Yet, these algorithms are not good at handling long-lived objects. Typically, long-lived objects would first be allocated in the nursery space and be promoted (copied) to an older generation after surviving a garbage collection, hence wasting precious time. By allocating long-lived and immortal objects directly into infrequently or never collected regions, pretenuring can reduce garbage collection costs significantly. Current state of the art methodology to predict object lifetime involves off-line profiling combined with a simple, heuristic classification. Profiling is slow (can take days), requires gathering gigabytes of data that need to be analysed (can take hours), and needs to be repeated for every previously unseen program. This thesis explores the space of lifetime predictions and shows how object lifetimes can be predicted accurately and quickly using simple program characteristics gathered within minutes. Following an innovative methodology introduced in this thesis, object lifetime predictions are fed into a specifically modified Java virtual machine. Performance tests show gains in GC times of as much as 77% for the “SPEC jvm98” benchmarks, against a generational copying collector.
Optically switched magnetism in photovoltaic perovskite CH$_3$NH$_3$(Mn:Pb)I$_3$
Creators: name: Náfrádi, B.
name: Szirmai, P.
name: Spina, M.
name: Lee, H.
name: Yazyev, O. V.
name: Arakcheeva, A.
name: Chernyshov, D.
name: Gibert, M.
name: Forró, L.
name: Horváth, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The demand for ever-increasing density of information storage and speed of manipulation boosts an intense search for new magnetic materials and novel ways of controlling the magnetic bit. Here, we report the synthesis of a ferromagnetic photovoltaic CH$_3$NH$_3$(Mn:Pb)I$_3$ material in which the photo-excited electrons rapidly melt the local magnetic order through the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interactions without heating up the spin system. Our finding offers an alternative, very simple and efficient way of optical spin control, and opens an avenue for applications in low power, light controlling magnetic devices.
Vegetative propagation of selected horticulturally important species
Creators: name: Thomson, Graeme E.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Temporal Energy Analysis of Symbol Sequences for Fiber Nonlinear Interference Modelling via Energy Dispersion Index
Creators: name: Wu, Kaiquan
name: Liga, Gabriele
name: Sheikh, Alireza
name: Willems, Frans M. J.
name: Alvarado, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The stationary statistical properties of independent, identically distributed (i.i.d.) input symbols provide insights on the induced nonlinear interference (NLI) during fiber transmission. For example, kurtosis is known to predict the modulation format-dependent NLI. These statistical properties can be used in the design of probabilistic amplitude shaping (PAS), which is a popular scheme that relies on an amplitude shaper for increasing spectral efficiencies of fiber-optic systems. One property of certain shapers used in PAS -- including constant-composition distribution matchers -- that is often overlooked is that a time-dependency between amplitudes is introduced. This dependency results in symbols that are non-i.i.d., which have time-varying statistical properties. Somewhat surprisingly, the effective signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in PAS has been shown to increase when the shaping blocklength decreases. This blocklength dependency of SNR has been attributed to time-varying statistical properties of the symbol sequences, in particular, to variation of the symbol energies. In this paper, we investigate the temporal energy behavior of symbol sequences, and introduce a new metric called energy dispersion index (EDI). EDI captures the time-varying statistical properties of symbol energies. Numerical results show strong correlations between EDI and effective SNR, with absolute correlation coefficients above 99% for different transmission distances.
Nondegenerate internal squeezing: an all-optical, loss-resistant quantum technique for gravitational-wave detection
Creators: name: Gardner, James W.
name: Yap, Min Jet
name: Adya, Vaishali
name: Chua, Sheon
name: Slagmolen, Bram J. J.
name: McClelland, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of kilohertz-band gravitational waves promises discoveries in astrophysics, exotic matter, and cosmology. To improve the kilohertz quantum noise-limited sensitivity of interferometric gravitational-wave detectors, we investigate nondegenerate internal squeezing: optical parametric oscillation inside the signal-recycling cavity with distinct signal-mode and idler-mode frequencies. We use an analytic Hamiltonian model to show that this stable, all-optical technique is tolerant to decoherence from optical detection loss and that it, with its optimal readout scheme, is feasible for broadband sensitivity enhancement.
description: v2, 7 pages, 5 figures. Accepted on July 11 2022 as a Letter in Phys. Rev. D
N.M.R. studies of selected organic compounds
Creators: name: Woolcock, Mark Leonard.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Deformed spin-$\frac12$ square lattice in antiferromagnetic NaZnVOPO$_4$(HPO$_4$)
Creators: name: Guchhait, S.
name: Ambika, D. V.
name: Ding, Qing-Ping
name: Uhlarz, M.
name: Furukawa, Y.
name: Tsirlin, A. A.
name: Nath, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the structural and magnetic properties of a new spin-$\frac12$ antiferromagnet NaZnVOPO$_4$(HPO$_4$) studied via x-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility, high-field magnetization, specific heat, and $^{31}$P nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) measurements, as well as density-functional band-structure calculations. While thermodynamic properties of this compound are well described by the $J_1-J_2$ square-lattice model, \textit{ab initio} calculations suggest a significant deformation of the spin lattice. From fits to the magnetic susceptibility we determine the averaged nearest-neighbor and second-neighbor exchange couplings of $\bar J_1\simeq -1.3$ K and $\bar J_2\simeq 5.6$ K, respectively. Experimental saturation field of 15.3\,T is consistent with these estimates if 20\% spatial anisotropy in $J_1$ is taken into account. Specific heat data signal the onset of a magnetic long-range order at $T_{\rm N} \simeq 2.1$ K, which is further supported by a sharp peak in the NMR spin-lattice relaxation rate. The NMR spectra mark the superposition of two P lines due to two noneqivalent P sites where the broad line with the strong hyperfine coupling and short $T_1$ is identified as the P(1) site located within the magnetic planes, while the narrow line with the weak hyperfine coupling and long $T_1$ is designated as the P(2) site located between the planes.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures
Using Interstellar Clouds to Search for Galactic PeVatrons: Gamma-ray Signatures from Supernova Remnants
Creators: name: Mitchell, A. M. W.
name: Rowell, G. P.
name: Celli, S.
name: Einecke, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interstellar clouds can act as target material for hadronic cosmic rays; gamma rays subsequently produced through inelastic proton-proton collisions and spatially associated with such clouds can provide a key indicator of efficient particle acceleration. However, even in the case that particle acceleration proceeds up to PeV energies, the system of accelerator and nearby target material must fulfil a specific set of conditions in order to produce a detectable gamma-ray flux. In this study, we rigorously characterise the necessary properties of both cloud and accelerator. By using available Supernova Remnant (SNR) and interstellar cloud catalogues, we produce a ranked shortlist of the most promising target systems, those for which a detectable gamma-ray flux is predicted, in the case that particles are accelerated to PeV energies in a nearby SNR. We discuss detection prospects for future facilities including CTA, LHAASO and SWGO; and compare our predictions with known gamma-ray sources. The four interstellar clouds with the brightest predicted fluxes >100 TeV identified by this model are located at (l,b) = (333.46,-0.31), (16.97,0.53), (110.43,1.89) and (336.73,-0.98). These clouds are consistently bright under a range of model scenarios, including variation in the diffusion coefficient and particle spectrum. On average, a detectable gamma-ray flux is more likely for more massive clouds; systems with lower separation distance between the SNR and cloud; and for slightly older SNRs.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Revised version. 27 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables
Die-out Probability in SIS Epidemic Processes on Networks
Creators: name: Liu, Qiang
name: Van Mieghem, Piet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An accurate approximate formula of the die-out probability in a SIS epidemic process on a network is proposed. The formula contains only three essential parameters: the largest eigenvalue of the adjacency matrix of the network, the effective infection rate of the virus, and the initial number of infected nodes in the network. The die-out probability formula is compared with the exact die-out probability in complete graphs, Erdős-Rényi graphs, and a power-law graph. Furthermore, as an example, the formula is applied to the $N$-Intertwined Mean-Field Approximation, to explicitly incorporate the die-out.
description: Version2: 10 figures, 11 pagers. Corrected typos; simulation results of ER graphs and a power-law graph are added. Accepted by the 5th International Workshop on Complex Networks and their Applications, November 30 - December 02, 2016, Milan, Italy
Characterization and minimization of the half-integer stop band with space charge in a hadron synchrotron
Creators: name: Rabusov, Dmitrii
name: Oeftiger, Adrian
name: Boine-Frankenheim, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In any hadron synchrotron, the half-integer resonance is among the strongest effects limiting the achievable maximum beam intensity. The heavy-ion superconducting synchrotron SIS100, currently under construction at GSI, should provide intense beams for the future FAIR experiments. Using SIS100 as an example, this paper develops a quantitative framework for characterizing the half-integer stop band for realistic, Gaussian-like distributed bunched beams. This study identifies the tune areas affected by the gradient-error-induced half-integer resonance for varying space charge strengths. A key insight of our analysis is that, for bunched beams a relatively small gradient error can result in a large half-integer stop band width. The achievable maximum bunch intensity, often referred to as space charge limit, is thus reduced significantly. This contrasts the findings in existing studies in literature based on more simplified beam distributions. The reason for discrepancy is identified in the increasing stop band width for Gaussian distributions when space charge becomes stronger, which appears on longer time scales as relevant for synchrotrons. The role of synchrotron motion in providing continuous emittance growth across the bunch is scrutinized. To minimize the half-integer stop band for a bunched beam, and hence increase the space charge limit, lattice corrections are applied: Including space charge in the optimization procedure recovers results equivalent to conventional lattice correction. Therefore, we find that conventional correction tools are well suited to increase the gradient-error-induced space charge limit of synchrotrons.
EnD: Entangling and Disentangling deep representations for bias correction
Creators: name: Tartaglione, Enzo
name: Barbano, Carlo Alberto
name: Grangetto, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Artificial neural networks perform state-of-the-art in an ever-growing number of tasks, and nowadays they are used to solve an incredibly large variety of tasks. There are problems, like the presence of biases in the training data, which question the generalization capability of these models. In this work we propose EnD, a regularization strategy whose aim is to prevent deep models from learning unwanted biases. In particular, we insert an "information bottleneck" at a certain point of the deep neural network, where we disentangle the information about the bias, still letting the useful information for the training task forward-propagating in the rest of the model. One big advantage of EnD is that we do not require additional training complexity (like decoders or extra layers in the model), since it is a regularizer directly applied on the trained model. Our experiments show that EnD effectively improves the generalization on unbiased test sets, and it can be effectively applied on real-case scenarios, like removing hidden biases in the COVID-19 detection from radiographic images.
Foundations of Boij-Söderberg Theory for Grassmannians
Creators: name: Ford, Nic
name: Levinson, Jake
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 13D02 (Primary), 14F05, 05E10, 05A15 (Secondary)

description: Boij-Söderberg theory characterizes syzygies of graded modules and sheaves on projective space. This paper continues earlier work with S. Sam, extending the theory to the setting of $GL_k$-equivariant modules and sheaves on Grassmannians. Algebraically, we study modules over a polynomial ring in $k n$ variables, thought of as the entries of a $k \times n$ matrix. We give equivariant analogues of two important features of the ordinary theory: the Herzog-Kühl equations and the pairing between Betti and cohomology tables. As a necessary step, we also extend previous results, concerning the base case of square matrices, to cover complexes other than free resolutions. Our statements specialize to those of ordinary Boij-Söderberg theory when $k=1$. Our proof of the equivariant pairing gives a new proof in the graded setting: it relies on finding perfect matchings on certain graphs associated to Betti tables. Finally, we give preliminary results on $2 \times 3$ matrices, exhibiting certain classes of extremal rays on the cone of Betti tables.
description: 33 pages; comments welcome. v2 has minor revisions and one corrected statement on simple Betti tables in the final section
Natural arsenic contamination of Holocene alluvial aquifers by linked tectonic, weathering, and microbial processes
Creators: name: Saunders, James A.
name: Lee, Mingkuo
name: Uddin, Ashraf
name: Mohammad, S
name: Wilkin, Richard T.
name: Fayek, Mostafa
name: Korte, Nic E.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2005
Subjects: arsenic
weathering
glaciers
groundwater
bacteria
Bangladesh

description: Linked tectonic, geochemical, and biologic processes lead to natural arsenic contamination of groundwater in Holocene alluvial aquifers, which are the main threat to human health around the world. These groundwaters are commonly found a long distance from their ultimate source of arsenic, where chemical weathering of As-bearing minerals occurs. We propose a GBH-As'' model that ties together all of the important tectonic, biologic, and hydrologic processes that cause natural As release in groundwater in Holocene terrestrial deposits. Processes highlighted by the GBH-As'' model can explain the movement of arsenic from lithosphere to hydrosphere. However, we propose a factor that has increased dissolved As concentrations in Holocene aquifers to levels where human health is threatened: mechanical weathering associated with Pleistocene glaciation. Our model invokes erosion of mountain belts aided by glaciers, transport of arsenic by surface waters, adsorption of As by stream sediments, and deposition of stream sediments and organic matter in alluvial deposits. Subsequently, Fe(III)-reducing bacteria present in alluvial aquifers cause the release of sorbed As to groundwater under moderately reducing conditions.
The regioselectivity of metal catalysed hydrocyanation and hydroformylation reactions
Creators: name: Suh, Geumhee.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Schaberg, Paul Willibald: Einiges über die Entwicklung der Diasporaarbeit und den Sozietäten der Brüdergemeine im Freistaat Sachsen, der Lausitz und ihrer Umgebung
Creators: name: Meyer, Dietrich
Publisher: name: Unitas Fratrum
Year: 1970

description: Unitas Fratrum, Bd. 41 (1997): Unitas Fratrum, Band 41
title: Anarchitext. Andreas Neumeisters Poetik und sein erzähltes Bauen in Könnte Köln sein
Creators: name: Meywirth, Anna-Carina
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 800
subject: Neumeister, Andreas
subject: Architektur
subject: Poetik

description: Zugleich: Dissertation, Universität Kassel, 2021
description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
HateBR: A Large Expert Annotated Corpus of Brazilian Instagram Comments for Offensive Language and Hate Speech Detection
Creators: name: Vargas, Francielle Alves
name: Carvalho, Isabelle
name: de Góes, Fabiana Rodrigues
name: Benevenuto, Fabrício
name: Pardo, Thiago Alexandre Salgueiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the severity of the social media offensive and hateful comments in Brazil, and the lack of research in Portuguese, this paper provides the first large-scale expert annotated corpus of Brazilian Instagram comments for hate speech and offensive language detection. The HateBR corpus was collected from the comment section of Brazilian politicians' accounts on Instagram and manually annotated by specialists, reaching a high inter-annotator agreement. The corpus consists of 7,000 documents annotated according to three different layers: a binary classification (offensive versus non-offensive comments), offensiveness-level classification (highly, moderately, and slightly offensive), and nine hate speech groups (xenophobia, racism, homophobia, sexism, religious intolerance, partyism, apology for the dictatorship, antisemitism, and fatphobia). We also implemented baseline experiments for offensive language and hate speech detection and compared them with a literature baseline. Results show that the baseline experiments on our corpus outperform the current state-of-the-art for the Portuguese language.
description: Published at LREC 2022 Proceedings
Spectrum in the presence of brane-localized mass on torus extra dimensions
Creators: name: Sakamura, Yutaka
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The lightest mass eigenvalue of a six-dimensional theory compactified on a torus is numerically evaluated in the presence of the brane-localized mass term. The dependence on the cutoff scale $Λ$ is non-negligible even when $Λ$ is two orders of magnitude above the compactification scale, which indicates that the mass eigenvalue is sensitive to the size of the brane, in contrast to five-dimensional theories. We obtain an approximate expression of the lightest mass in the thin brane limit, which well fits the numerical calculations, and clarifies its dependence on the torus moduli parameter $τ$. We find that the lightest mass is typically much lighter than the compactification scale by an order of magnitude even in the limit of a large brane mass.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, published version in JHEP
Gamma-Ray Bursts, Supernovae Ia and Baryon Acoustic Oscillations: a binned cosmological analysis
Creators: name: Dainotti, Maria Giovanna
name: Sarracino, Giuseppe
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmological probes at any redshift are necessary to reconstruct consistently the cosmic history. Studying properly the tension on the Hubble constant, $H_0$, obtained by Supernovae Type Ia (SNe Ia) and the Planck measurements of the Cosmic Microwave Background Radiation would require complete samples of distance indicators at any epoch. Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs) are necessary for the aforementioned task because of their huge luminosity that allows us to extend the cosmic ladder at very high redshifts. However, using GRBs alone as standard candles is challenging because their luminosity varies widely. To this end, we choose a reliable correlation for GRBs with a very small intrinsic scatter: the so-called fundamental plane correlation for GRB afterglows corrected for selection biases and redshift evolution. We choose a well-defined sample: the platinum sample, composed of 50 Long GRBs. To further constrain cosmological parameters, we use Baryon Acoustic Oscillations (BAOs) given their reliability as standard rulers. Thus, we have applied GRBs, SNe Ia, and BAOs in a binned analysis in redshifts so that GRBs' contribution is fully included in the last redshift bin, which reaches $z=5$. We use the fundamental plane correlation together with SNe Ia and BAOs, to constrain $H_0$ and the density matter today, $Ω_{M}$. This methodology allows us to assess the role of GRBs combined with SNe Ia and BAOs. We have obtained results for $H_0$ and $Ω_{M}$ using GRBs+ SNe Ia+BAOs with better precision than the SNe Ia alone for every bin, thus confirming the beneficial role of BAOs and GRBs added together. In addition, consistent results between GRBs+ SNe Ia +BAOs are obtained when compared with the SNe Ia +BAOs, showing the importance of GRBs since the distance ladder is extended up to $z=5$ with a similar precision obtained with other probes without including the GRBs.
description: 32 Pages, 9 Figures, 7 Tables, accepted for publication by PASJ
Microplastica
Creators: name: Seccombe, Erica
Publisher: name: Wagga Wagga Art Gallery
Year: 2017

description: Microplastica is the result of the Seccombe's exploration of (3D) micro-X-ray Computed Tomography (Micro-CT) of a miniature toy plastic octopus, and is part of a series of work entitled Nanoplastica.
Impact Gardening as a Constraint on the Age, Source, and Evolution of Ice on Mercury and the Moon
Creators: name: Costello, Emily S.
name: Ghent, Rebecca R.
name: Hirabayashi, Masatoshi
name: Lucey, Paul G.
Publisher: name: American Geophysical Union
Year: 2020
Subjects: impact gardening
ice
polar regions
Moon
Mercury

description: We update an analytic impact gardening model (Costello et al., 2018, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2018.05.023) to calculate the depth gardened by impactors on the Moon and Mercury and assess the implications of our results for the age, extent, and source of water ice deposits on both planetary bodies. We show that if the water presently on the Moon has a primordial origin, it may have been 4-15 m thick. If ice deposits are buried, they may be as shallow as 3 cm or as deep as 10 m and provide a gradient of probability for ice gardened into a column. Our calculations for gardening on Mercury show that thermal lag deposits will be reworked into the background over 200 Myr, and, thus, the most recent large-scale deposition of ice on Mercury must have occurred no more than 200 Myr ago. We also find that gardening mixes incremental layers of ice with underlying regolith and prevents the growth of pure ice deposits by continuous supply. We conclude that ice deposits on the Moon and Mercury are likely the result of sudden and voluminous deposition. Plain Language Summary The Moon and Mercury have water ice in permanently shadowed regions at their poles; however, while Mercury's poles are rich in water ice, the Moon's are relatively sparse. Impact cratering mixes surface material, bringing buried ice upward to a relatively hostile surface in a process called impact gardening. We apply a revised impact gardening model to investigate the depth from which ice is mixed upward by impacts as a function of time and discover the following: (1) Ice on the Moon may have been mixed with underlying regolith or buried under many meters of dry regolith; (2) the most recent large-scale delivery of water to Mercury happened no more than 200 Myr ago; (3) what ice exists at the poles of the Moon and Mercury was probably delivered suddenly and voluminously; and (4) the differences between the abundance of water ice on the Moon and Mercury will only become more pronounced with time as impact gardening destroys surface ice on the Moon and only scratches the surface of Mercury's extensive deposits.
Distilling and Transferring Knowledge via cGAN-generated Samples for Image Classification and Regression
Creators: name: Ding, Xin
name: Wang, Yongwei
name: Xu, Zuheng
name: Wang, Z. Jane
name: Welch, William J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Knowledge distillation (KD) has been actively studied for image classification tasks in deep learning, aiming to improve the performance of a student based on the knowledge from a teacher. However, applying KD in image regression with a scalar response variable has been rarely studied, and there exists no KD method applicable to both classification and regression tasks yet. Moreover, existing KD methods often require a practitioner to carefully select or adjust the teacher and student architectures, making these methods less flexible in practice. To address the above problems in a unified way, we propose a comprehensive KD framework based on cGANs, termed cGAN-KD. Fundamentally different from existing KD methods, cGAN-KD distills and transfers knowledge from a teacher model to a student model via cGAN-generated samples. This novel mechanism makes cGAN-KD suitable for both classification and regression tasks, compatible with other KD methods, and insensitive to the teacher and student architectures. An error bound for a student model trained in the cGAN-KD framework is derived in this work, providing a theory for why cGAN-KD is effective as well as guiding the practical implementation of cGAN-KD. Extensive experiments on CIFAR-100 and ImageNet-100 show that we can combine state of the art KD methods with the cGAN-KD framework to yield a new state of the art. Moreover, experiments on Steering Angle and UTKFace demonstrate the effectiveness of cGAN-KD in image regression tasks, where existing KD methods are inapplicable.
Matrix isolation infra-red studies of butatrienone
Creators: name: Koltay, Anita Claire.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Predictions of Astrometric Jitter for Sun-like Stars. III. Fast Rotators
Creators: name: Sowmya, K.
name: Nèmec, N. -E.
name: Shapiro, A. I.
name: Işık, E.
name: Krivova, N. A.
name: Solanki, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A breakthrough in exoplanet detections is foreseen with the unprecedented astrometric measurement capabilities offered by instrumentation aboard Gaia space observatory. Besides, astrometric discoveries of exoplanets are expected from the planned space mission, Small-JASMINE. In this setting, the present series of papers focuses on estimating the effect of magnetic activity of G2V-type host stars on the astrometric signal. This effect interferes with the astrometric detections of Earth-mass planets. While the first two papers considered stars rotating at the solar rotation rate, this paper focuses on stars having solar effective temperature and metallicity but rotating faster than the Sun, and consequently more active. By simulating the distribution of active regions on such stars using the Flux Emergence And Transport model, we show that the contribution of magnetic activity to the astrometric measurements becomes increasingly significant with increasing rotation rates. We further show that the jitter for the most variable periodic Kepler stars is high enough to be detected by Gaia. Furthermore, due to a decrease in the facula-to-spot area ratio for more active stars, the magnetic jitter is found to be spot-dominated for rapid rotators. Our simulations of the astrometric jitter has the potential to aid the interpretation of data from Gaia and upcoming space astrometry missions.
description: 21 pages, 20 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Phonon helicity and Nieh-Yan Anomaly in the Kramers-Weyl semimetals of Chiral Crystals
Creators: name: Liu, Chao-Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nieh-Yan anomaly describes the non-conservation of chiral charges induced by the coupling between Dirac fermions and torsion fields. Since the torsion field is beyond general relativity, this effect remains hypothetical and its relevance to our universe is unclear in the context of high-energy physics. In this work, we propose that the phonons can induce a torsion field for the Kramers-Weyl fermions through electron-phonon interaction in a non-magnetic chiral crystal, thus leading to the occurrence of the Nieh-Yan anomaly in this condensed matter system. As a consequence, the Nieh-Yan term can strongly influence the phonon dynamics and lead to the helicity of acoustic phonons, namely, two transverse phonon modes mix with each other to form a circular polarization with a non-zero angular momentum at a finite phonon momentum and the phonon angular momentum reverses its sign for opposite momenta due to time reversal symmetry. The phonon helicity can be probed through measuring the total phonon angular momentum driven by a temperature gradient.
description: 34 pages, 3 figures
Committed choice logic programming languages
Creators: name: Yee, Chut Ngeow.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Disappearance of the Mach Cone in heavy ion collisions
Creators: name: Nattrass, Christine
name: Sharma, Natasha
name: Mazer, Joel
name: Stuart, Meghan
name: Bejnood, Aram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of di-hadron correlations using recently developed methods for background subtraction which allow for higher precision measurements with fewer assumptions about the background. These studies indicate that low momentum jets interacting with the medium do not equilibrate with the medium, but rather that interactions with the medium lead to more subtle increases in their widths and fragmentation functions, consistent with observations from studies of higher momentum fully reconstructed jets. The away-side shape is not consistent with a Mach cone.
Nonreciprocal Nongyrotropic Magnetless Metasurface
Creators: name: Taravati, Sajjad
name: Khan, Bakhtiar A.
name: Gupta, Shulabh
name: Achouri, Karim
name: Caloz, Christophe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a nonreciprocal nongyrotropic magnetless metasurface. In contrast to previous nonreciprocal structures, this metasurface does not require a biasing magnet, and is therefore lightweight and amenable to integrated circuit fabrication. Moreover, it does not induce Faraday rotation, and hence does not alter the polarization of waves, which is a desirable feature in many nonreciprocal devices. The metasurface is designed according to a Surface-Circuit-Surface (SCS) architecture and leverages the inherent unidirectionality of transistors for breaking time reversal symmetry. Interesting features include transmission gain as well as broad operating bandwidth and angular sector operation. It is finally shown that the metasurface is bianisotropic in nature, with nonreciprocity due to the electric-magnetic coupling parameters, and structurally equivalent to a moving uniaxial metasurface.
$\mathbb{Z}_k^{(r)}$-Algebras, FQH Ground States, and Invariants of Binary Forms
Creators: name: Pakatchi, Hamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A prominent class of model FQH ground states is those realized as correlation functions of $\mathbb{Z}_k^{(r)}$-algebras. In this paper, we study the interplay between these algebras and their corresponding wavefunctions. In the hopes of realizing these wavefunctions as a unique densest zero energy state, we propose a generalization for the projection Hamiltonians. Finally, using techniques from invariants of binary forms, an ansatz for computation of correlations $\langleψ(z_1)\cdotsψ(z_{2k})\rangle \prod_{i
The ALMA REBELS Survey: The Cosmic HI Gas Mass Density in Galaxies at $z\approx 7$
Creators: name: Heintz, K. E.
name: Oesch, P. A.
name: Aravena, M.
name: Bouwens, R. J.
name: Dayal, P.
name: Ferrara, A.
name: Fudamoto, Y.
name: Graziani, L.
name: Inami, H.
name: Sommovigo, L.
name: Smit, R.
name: Stefanon, M.
name: Topping, M.
name: Pallottini, A.
name: van der Werf, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The neutral atomic gas content of individual galaxies at large cosmological distances has until recently been difficult to measure due to the weakness of the hyperfine HI 21-cm transition. Here we estimate the HI gas mass of a sample of main-sequence star-forming galaxies at $z\sim 6.5 - 7.8$ surveyed for [CII]$-158μ$m emission as part of the Reionization Era Bright Emission Line Survey (REBELS), using a recent calibration of the [CII]-to-HI conversion factor. We find that the HI gas mass excess in galaxies increases as a function of redshift, with an average of $M_{\rm HI} / M_\star \approx 10$, corresponding to HI gas mass fractions of $f_{\rm HI} = M_{\rm HI} / (M_\star + M_{\rm HI}) = 90\%$, at $z\approx 7$. Based on the [CII]-$158μ$m luminosity function (LF) derived from the same sample of galaxies, we further place constraints on the cosmic HI gas mass density in galaxies ($ρ_{\rm HI}$) at this redshift, which we measure to be $ρ_{\rm HI} = 7.1^{+6.4}_{-3.0} \times 10^{6}\,M_{\odot}\,{\rm Mpc^{-3}}$. This estimate is substantially lower by a factor of $\approx 10$ than that inferred from an extrapolation of damped Lyman-$α$ absorber (DLA) measurements, and largely depend on the exact [CII] LF adopted. However, we find this decrease in $ρ_{\rm HI}$ to be consistent with recent simulations and argue that this apparent discrepancy is likely a consequence of the DLA sightlines predominantly probing the substantial fraction of HI gas in high-$z$ galactic halos, whereas [CII] traces the HI in the ISM associated with star formation. We make predictions for this build-up of neutral gas in galaxies as a function of redshift, showing that at $z\gtrsim 5$ only $\approx 10\%$ of the cosmic HI gas content is confined in galaxies and associated with the star-forming ISM.
description: The accepted version of the manuscript in press for ApJL
Extremely fast orbital decay of the black hole X-ray binary Nova Muscae 1991
Creators: name: Hernández, J. I. González
name: Suárez-Andrés, L.
name: Rebolo, R.
name: Casares, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new medium-resolution spectroscopic observations of the black hole X-ray binary Nova Muscae 1991 taken with X-Shooter spectrograph installed at the 8.2m-VLT telescope. These observations allow us to measure the time of inferior conjunction of the secondary star with the black hole in this system that, together with previous measurements, yield an orbital period decay of $\dot P=-20.7\pm12.7$ ms yr$^{-1}$ ($-24.5\pm15.1$ $μ$s per orbital cycle). This is significantly faster than those previously measured in the other black hole X-ray binaries A0620-00 and XTE J1118+480. No standard black hole X-ray binary evolutionary model is able to explain this extremely fast orbital decay. At this rate, the secondary star would reach the event horizon (as given by the Schwarzschild radius of about 32 km) in roughly 2.7 Myr. This result has dramatic implications on the evolution and lifetime of black hole X-ray binaries.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS Letters