cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Changes in Food Consumption and Expenditures in 01/01 Low-Income American Households During the 1980's
Creators: name: Lutz, Steven M.
name: Smallwood, David M.
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Hama, Mary Y.
name: Lutz, Steven M.
name: Smallwood, David M.
name: Blaylock, James R.
name: Hama, Mary Y.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: food at home
subject: 21-meal-equivalent person
subject: socioeconomic and demographic characteristics
subject: Nationwide Food Consumption Survey

description: Annual per-person consumption of dairy products, poultry, fish and shellfish, fresh fruits and vegetables, frozen vegetables, fruit and vegetable juices, and beverages rose in low-income households during the 1980's. Consumption of fats and oils, flours and cereals, bakery products, red meats, eggs, sugars and sweets, and canned vegetables fell. Annual per-person spending, when adjusted for inflation. declined for almost all major food groups. This bulletin presents information on the quantity and dollar value of food consumption in low-income American households for 1977-78. 1979-80, and 1987-88 by selected socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. Major changes over the decade are tabulated fro 65 major food groups and compared with other studies to gain further insights into possible explanations for the consumption shifts.
Retinal thickness in adults with Down's syndrome: Relationship with age, cognition and dementia
Creators: name: Walpert, Madeleine Jane
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Down's syndrome
Alzheimer's disease
Retina
Dementia
Optical coherence tomography

description: People with Down’s syndrome (DS) are known to experience premature ageing and have a high propensity for clinical diagnosis of dementia due to Alzheimer’s disease (AD). In DS there is a unique and natural model of over-expression of amyloid-beta (Aβ) protein, the accumulation of which is proposed to be the central early event in the pathogenesis of AD. In DS, AD neuropathology is universally seen in the brain from the fourth decade. Identifying biomarkers are essential to the evaluation of future treatment trials. The retina has been shown to experience changes in patients with AD, such as retinal thinning, compared to age-matched controls. As an extension of the brain, the retina can be quickly and non-invasively imaged and may provide a proxy measure of brain changes in AD. Using optical coherence tomography (OCT), cross-sectional retinal examinations were completed in 50 people with DS aged 18 years and over. Comparisons between retinal thickness of the DS and control groups were examined, as well as the effect of age on thickness in both groups. For the DS group, further investigations were made into the relationships between retinal thickness and (i) cognitive performance, (ii) diagnosis of dementia, (iii) cortical thickness and, (iv) presence of Aβ binding in the brain. Contrary to expectations, people with DS had thicker retina compared to age-matched controls. In addition, normal age-related retinal thinning was not seen in the DS group. People with DS have a life-long overproduction of Aβ, deposits of which have been previously imaged in the retina. Aβ may be responsible both directly, through physical mass, and indirectly through inflammation as a response to Aβ, for increased retinal thickness in people with DS. Consequently, retinal thickness in DS may be a proxy measure of Aβ deposition in the retina. As part of a collaborative study, brain Aβ binding was measured using positron emission tomography neuroimaging in a subset of the DS group. Individuals with positive Pittsburgh compound [11C]-PIB (PIB) binding to Aβ displayed a trend towards having thinner retina than those with negative PIB binding. These results indicate that a shift towards thinning retina in people DS may reflect changes in brain pathology. Future studies are discussed which aim to investigate Aβ and Aβ driven pathology in the retina.
description: Funding provided by Stevenage Bioscience Catalyst and Alzheimer's Research UK
Cosmological constraints from evaporations of primordial black holes
Creators: name: Bugaev, E. V.
name: Konishchev, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formula for the initial mass spectrum of primordial black holes (PBHs), which can be used for a general case of the scale dependent spectral index, and for a wide class of models of the gravitational collapse, is derived. The derivation is based on the Press and Schechter formalism. The comparative analysis of different types of initial mass spectra used in concrete calculations is carried out. It is shown that densities of background radiations ($ν$, $γ$) from PBH evaporations depend rather strongly on a type of the gravitational collapse and on a taking into account the spread of horizon masses at which PBHs can form. Constraints on parameters of the primordial density perturbation amplitudes based on PBH evaporation processes and on atmospheric and solar neutrino data are obtained.
description: 20 pages (including 8 figures)
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 337
Creators: name: Rorholm, Niels
name: Downing, L. J.
name: Engene, Selmer A.
name: Rorholm, Niels
name: Downing, L. J.
name: Engene, Selmer A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries

description: Corn, Oats, and Hay Costs are Nearly Equal
Modified deformation behaviour of self-ion irradiated tungsten: A combined nano-indentation, HR-EBSD and crystal plasticity study
Creators: name: Das, Suchandrima
name: Yu, Hongbing
name: Mizohata, Kenichiro
name: Tarleton, Edmund
name: Hofmann, Felix
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Predicting the dramatic changes in material properties caused by irradiation damage is key for the design of future nuclear fission and fusion reactors. Self-ion implantation is an attractive tool for mimicking the effects of neutron irradiation. However, the damaged layer of implanted samples is only few microns thick, making it difficult to estimate macroscopic properties. Here we address this challenge using a combination of experimental and modelling techniques. We concentrate on self-ion-implanted tungsten, the front-runner for fusion armour components and a prototypical bcc material. To capture dose-dependent evolution of properties, we experimentally characterise samples with damage levels from 0.01 to 1 dpa. Spherical nano-indentation of <001> grains shows hardness increasing up to a dose of 0.032 dpa, beyond which it saturates. AFM measurements show pile-up increasing up to the same dose, beyond which large pile-up and slip-steps are seen. Based on the observations we develop a crystal plasticity (CPFE) model for the irradiated material. It captures irradiation-induced hardening followed by strain-softening through interaction of irradiation-defects and gliding dislocations. Shear resistance of irradiation-defects is derived from TEM observations of similarly irradiated samples. Nano-indentation of pristine and implanted tungsten of doses 0.01, 0.1, 0.32 and 1 dpa is simulated. Two model parameters are fitted to the experimental results of the 0.01 dpa sample and are kept unchanged for all other doses. Peak load, indent surface profiles and damage saturation predicted by the CPFE model closely match experimental observations. Predicted lattice distortions and dislocation distributions around indents agree with corresponding measurements from HR-EBSD. Finally, the CPFE model is used to predict the macroscopic stress-strain response of similarly irradiated bulk tungsten material.
The Hubble constant tension with next-generation galaxy surveys
Creators: name: Bengaly, Carlos A. P.
name: Clarkson, Chris
name: Maartens, Roy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rate at which the universe is expanding today is a fundamental parameter in cosmology which governs our understanding of structure formation and dark energy. However, current measurements of the Hubble constant, $H_0$, show a significant tension ($\sim 4-6σ$) between early- and late-Universe observations. There are ongoing efforts to check the diverse observational results and also to investigate possible theoretical ways to resolve the tension~-- which could point to radical extensions of the standard model. Here we demonstrate the potential of next-generation spectroscopic galaxy surveys to shed light on the Hubble constant tension. Surveys such as those with Euclid and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA) are expected to reach sub-percent precision on Baryon Acoustic Oscillation (BAO) measurements of the Hubble parameter, with a combined redshift coverage of $0.1
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. JCAP accepted
Tunneling density of states in a Y junction of Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid wires: A density matrix renormalization group study
Creators: name: Roy, Monalisa Singh
name: Kumar, Manoranjan
name: Das, Sourin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that the pristine bulk of an interacting one-dimensional system in Tomonaga-Luttinger liquid (TLL) phase shows power law suppression of quasi-particle tunneling amplitude for all values of TLL parameter $g$, in the zero energy limit. We perform a density matrix renormalization group (DMRG) study of a fully symmetric Y junction of TLL wires and observe an anomalous enhancement of the tunneling density of states (TDOS) in the vicinity of the junction for both (a) interacting bosons case and (b) interacting fermions case, when $g>1$. We also observe suppression of TDOS for $g<1$ for both bosonic and fermionic cases. We find that the TDOS enhancements follow different power laws for bosonic and fermionic cases which suggests that these represent distinct fixed points, owing to statistical correlations which play an important role at the Y junction. Analysis of static conductance for the junction indicates that the fixed point for $1
description: 9 pages, 5 figures. A new section (III C) on length scale of the TDOS enhancement has been added
Fast Manipulability Maximization Using Continuous-Time Trajectory Optimization
Creators: name: Marić, Filip
name: Limoyo, Oliver
name: Petrović, Luka
name: Ablett, Trevor
name: Petrović, Ivan
name: Kelly, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A significant challenge in manipulation motion planning is to ensure agility in the face of unpredictable changes during task execution. This requires the identification and possible modification of suitable joint-space trajectories, since the joint velocities required to achieve a specific endeffector motion vary with manipulator configuration. For a given manipulator configuration, the joint space-to-task space velocity mapping is characterized by a quantity known as the manipulability index. In contrast to previous control-based approaches, we examine the maximization of manipulability during planning as a way of achieving adaptable and safe joint space-to-task space motion mappings in various scenarios. By representing the manipulator trajectory as a continuous-time Gaussian process (GP), we are able to leverage recent advances in trajectory optimization to maximize the manipulability index during trajectory generation. Moreover, the sparsity of our chosen representation reduces the typically large computational cost associated with maximizing manipulability when additional constraints exist. Results from simulation studies and experiments with a real manipulator demonstrate increases in manipulability, while maintaining smooth trajectories with more dexterous (and therefore more agile) arm configurations.
description: In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS'19), Macau, China, Nov. 4-8, 2019
Critical behaviors of high-degree adaptive and collective-influence percolation
Creators: name: Kim, Jung-Ho
name: Kim, Soo-Jeong
name: Goh, K. -I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How the giant component of a network disappears under attacking nodes or links addresses a key aspect of network robustness, which can be framed into percolation problems. Various strategies to select the node to be deactivated have been studied in the literature; for instance, a simple random failure or high-degree adaptive (HDA) percolation. Recently a new attack strategy based on a quantity called collective-influence (CI) has been proposed from the perspective of optimal percolation. By successively deactivating the node having the largest CI-centrality value, it was shown to be able to dismantle a network more quickly and abruptly than many of the existing methods. In this paper, we focus on the critical behaviors of the percolation processes following degree-based attack and CI-based attack on random networks. Through extensive Monte Carlo simulations assisted by numerical solutions, we estimate various critical exponents of the HDA percolation and those of the CI percolations. Our results show that these attack-type percolation processes, despite displaying apparently more abrupt collapse, nevertheless exhibit standard mean-field critical behaviors at the percolation transition point. We further discover an extensive degeneracy in top-centrality nodes in both processes, which may provide a hint for understanding the observed results
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
On Extensions of Partial Isomorphisms
Creators: name: Etedadialiabadi, Mahmood
name: Gao, Su
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 03C13, 03C55, Secondary 20E06, 20E26

description: In this paper we study a notion of HL-extension (HL standing for Herwig--Lascar) for a structure in a finite relational language $\mathcal{L}$. We give a description of all finite minimal HL-extensions of a given finite $\mathcal{L}$-structure. In addition, we study a group-theoretic property considered by Herwig--Lascar and show that it is closed under taking free products. We also introduce notions of coherent extensions and ultraextensive $\mathcal{L}$-structures and show that every countable $\mathcal{L}$-structure can be extended to a countable ultraextensive structure. Finally, it follows from our results that the automorphism group of any countable ultraextensive $\mathcal{L}$-structure has a dense locally finite subgroup.
description: 20 pages
Rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates in anharmonic potentials
Creators: name: Kavoulakis, George
name: Baym, Gordon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rapidly rotating Bose-Einstein condensates confined in anharmonic traps can exhibit a rich variety of vortex phases, including a vortex lattice, a vortex lattice with a hole, and a giant vortex. Using an augmented Thomas-Fermi variational approach to determine the ground state of the condensate in the rotating frame -- valid for sufficiently strongly interacting condensates -- we determine the transitions between these three phases for a quadratic-plus-quartic confining potential. Combining the present results with previous numerical simulations of small rotating condensates in such anharmonic potentials, we delineate the general structure of the zero temperature phase diagram.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Additional file 1 of Comparative genomic analysis revealed genetic divergence between Bifidobacterium catenulatum subspecies present in infant versus adult guts
Creators: name: Liu, Jiaqi
name: Li, Weicheng
name: Yao, Caiqing
name: Yu, Jie
name: Zhang, Heping
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: TableS1. General information of B. catenulatum genomes.
On the insufficiency of entropic inequalities for detecting non-classicality in the Bell causal structure
Creators: name: Vilasini, V.
name: Colbeck, Roger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical and quantum physics impose different constraints on the joint probability distributions of observed variables in a causal structure. These differences mean that certain correlations can be certified as non-classical, which has both foundational and practical importance. Rather than working with the probability distribution itself, it can instead be convenient to work with the entropies of the observed variables. In the Bell causal structure with two inputs and outputs per party, a technique that uses entropic inequalities is known that can always identify non-classical correlations. Here we consider the analogue of this technique in the generalization of this scenario to more outcomes. We identify a family of non-classical correlations in the Bell scenario with two inputs and three outputs per party whose non-classicality cannot be detected through the direct analogue of the previous technique. We also show that use of Tsallis entropy instead of Shannon entropy does not help in this case. Furthermore, we give evidence that natural extensions of the technique also do not help. More precisely, our evidence suggests that even if we allow the observed correlations to be post-processed according to a natural class of non-classicality non-generating operations, entropic inequalities for either the Shannon or Tsallis entropies cannot detect the non-classicality, and hence that entropic inequalities are generally not sufficient to detect non-classicality in the Bell causal structure. In addition, for the bipartite Bell scenario with two inputs and three outputs we find the vertex description of the polytope of non-signalling distributions that satisfy all of the CHSH-type inequalities, which is one of the main regions of investigation in this work.
description: 14+7 pages, 3 figures, v2: new results added and parts of the text restructured, v3: version accepted for publication (title differs from published version due to editorial convention)
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 340
Creators: name: Olson, Robert E.
name: Dowell, Austin A.
name: Olson, Robert E.
name: Dowell, Austin A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1952
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Six Methods of Pricing Slaughter Hogs Compared
Cohomologies of Kleinian 4-group
Creators: name: Drozd, Yuriy
name: Plakosh, Andriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20J06

description: We calculate explicitly the cohomologies of all $G$-lattices, where $G$ is the Kleinian $4$-group.
description: 7 pages
Simulating dynamical fermions with smeared links
Creators: name: Hasenfratz, A.
name: Knechtli, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Smearing the gauge links of dynamical configurations removes small scale unphysical vacuum fluctuations and thus improves the chiral properties of lattice fermions. Recently we proposed the hypercubic smearing (HYP) that improves the flavor symmetry of staggered fermions by an order of magnitude with only minimal distortions at small distances. We describe a new algorithm to simulate dynamical HYP fermions based on the standard pure gauge overrelaxation and heatbath updates. The algorithm has been used to simulate four and two flavors of staggered fermions. Unlike standard dynamical simulation techniques, this algorithm does not loose efficiency at small quark masses.
description: 3 pages, Lattice2001(algorithms)
Studying the direct effects of forces on embryonic stem cell behaviour
Creators: name: Verstreken, Christophe VCM
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: pluripotency
forces
stem cells
biophysics
granular physics

description: Cells experience different mechanical cues from their local environment, including shear flow, forces applied by neighbouring cells, and substrate stiffness. These external signals influence cell behaviour, also in embryonic stem (ES) cells, where they could potentially affect pluripotency or differentiation. The precise effects of external forces on ES cells are confounded by forces inducing secondary changes to attachment or cell-cell signalling, which themselves can also influence cell behaviour. In this study we developed a set-up to attach cells to elastic membranes using a novel functionalisation technique, and exposed them to single or cyclic stretch. We used this method to study the mechanosensitive response of ES cells. We found that stretching caused an immediate increase in the concentration of intracellular calcium, followed by a rapid decrease in some cells. On timescales of 1 - 2 h, stretching induced an increase in the expression of the immediate and early genes, but then cells became temporarily insensitive to subsequent mechanical signals. Stretching did not have a substantial impact on pluripotency and differentiation, as we showed using gene expression studies and a Rex1 reporter. To study how ES cells' susceptibility to mechanical signals depended on media condition, stretch duration and stretch type, we performed RNA sequencing and used gene ontology techniques to investigate the involvement of specific pathways. We found that forces have a broad impact on the overall transcriptome that is highly culture media-dependent. However, a core transcriptional response, including the biosynthesis of membrane components and stress pathways, was largely preserved across the different conditions. We supplemented our experimental findings with a conceptual model of force propagation in disordered environments, such as the nucleus of a cell. Using computational simulations, we studied how the large-scale behaviour of a disordered system depends on the microscopic structure. Contrary to common wisdom, we showed that disordered systems exhibit both positive and negative Poisson's ratios with equal probability. Overall, on short timescales, stretching affected ES cells' calcium concentration and transcription. On longer timescales, ES cells' response was small in magnitude but broad in scope, with limited effects on pluripotency. As such, our results suggest that mechanosensitivity in ES cells is mediated primarily by tissue-wide changes to morphology and attachment.
description: EPSRC Studentship, Oliver Gatty Studentship
Evaluation of various planar gaseous detectors with CsI photocathodes for the detection of primary scintillation light from noble gases
Creators: name: Periale, L.
name: Peskov, V.
name: Carlson, P.
name: Francke, T.
name: Iacobaeus, C.
name: Pavlopoulos, P.
name: Pietropaolo, F.
name: Sokolova, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Noble gases and liquids are excellent scintillators and this opens a unique opportunity to directly detect the primary scintillation light produced in these media by photons or particles. This signal can be used for several purposes, for example as a start signal for TPCs or for particles identification. Usually photomultipliers (PMs) are used for the detection of the scintillation light. In our previous work we have demonstrated that costly PMs could be replaced by gaseous detectors with CsI photocathodes . Such detectors have the same quantum efficiency as the best PMs but at the same time are cheap, simple and have high position and time resolutions. The aim of this work is to evaluate various planar type gaseous detectors with CsI photocahodes in order to choose the best one for the detection of the primary scintillation light from noble gases and liquids.
Incorporating Occupant Behaviour and Comfort in Domestic Energy Retrofit
Creators: name: Ben, Hui
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Energy retrofit
Occupant behaviour
Domestic buildings
Comfort
Household archetypes

description: While a large energy saving potential exists in domestic retrofit to meet the UK Government’s goal of carbon emissions reduction through the Climate Change Act 2008, the complexity of occupant behaviour and comfort needs often prevents the seemingly achievable retrofit targets from being reached. These real-life complexities contrast starkly with the standardised and simplistic behavioural profiles currently used in energy modelling to generate retrofit recommendations. The provision of more detailed information concerning behaviour and comfort needs can help improve energy consumption predictions and enable policy interventions to respond to different household types while maintaining a comfortable indoor environment for occupants. This research combines both social and technical methods to develop a tailored approach for domestic retrofit using household archetypes. An archetype is a typical example of households sharing similar behavioural patterns and dwelling physical characteristics. On the one hand, it uses first-hand interviews and household surveys to understand people’s social practices and patterns of behaviour. From these surveys, key household types based on household behaviours and dwelling characteristics are identified. On the other hand, the energy performance of buildings is monitored, and a model is developed incorporating these distinct household types to determine energy use. This modelling increases the accuracy of predictions concerning which retrofit strategies are most effective for each household type. The use of household archetypes to analyse energy and cost implications can bring about significant savings compared to the conventional approach, which treats occupancy and behaviour in a homogeneous manner. Overall, this research suggests that a tailored approach, incorporating human behaviour, to domestic retrofit can considerably improve energy savings without compromising occupant comfort.
description: Cambridge Trust, Wolfson College Cambridge, Lundgren Research Awards, GBCET Chinese Student Awards and Henry Lester Trust Award
The internal structure and formation of early-type galaxies: the gravitational--lens system MG2016+112 at z=1.004
Creators: name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Koopmans, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] We combine our measurements of the velocity dispersion and the surface brightness profile of the lens galaxy D in the system MG2016+112 (z=1.004) with constraints from gravitational lensing to study its internal mass distribution. We find that: (i) dark matter accounts for >50% of the total mass within the Einstein radius (99% CL), excluding at the 8-sigma level that mass follows light inside the Einstein radius with a constant mass-to-light ratio (M/L). (ii) the total mass distribution inside the Einstein radius is well-described by a density profile ~r^-gamma' with an effective slope gamma'=2.0+-0.1+-0.1, including random and systematic uncertainties. (iii) The offset of galaxy D from the local Fundamental Plane independently constrains the stellar M/L, and matches the range derived from our models, leading to a more stringent lower limit of >60% on the fraction of dark matter within the Einstein radius (99%CL). Under the assumption of adiabatic contraction, the inner slope of the dark matter halo before the baryons collapsed is gamma_i<1.4 (68 CL), marginally consistent with the highest-resolution cold dark matter simulations that indicate gamma_i~1.5. This might indicate that either adiabatic contraction is a poor description of E/S0 formation or that additional processes play a role as well. Indeed, the apparently isothermal density distribution inside the Einstein radius, is not a natural outcome of adiabatic contraction models, where it appears to be a mere coincidence. By contrast, we argue that isothermality might be the result of a stronger coupling between luminous and dark-matter, possibly the result of (incomplete) violent relaxation processes. Hence, we conclude that galaxy D appears already relaxed 8 Gyr ago.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, ApJ, in press, minor changes
title: 01_1479
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Social disparities in the epidemiology and treatment of substance-related use disorders in the United States, 2002-16
Creators: name: Yang, Justin Christopher
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: addiction
mental health
epidemiology
substance use disorders
health equity

description: Although substance use disorders have long been considered a public health problem, new developments in the supply, trade, and misuse or abuse of substances have prompted researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to cast a more critical eye towards their root causes in order to develop more effective drug policy. While historical approaches to substance use disorders have primarily focused on abstinence and law enforcement approaches to stem the illicit production and supply of controlled substances, more recent research and practice has led to policy based on the harm reduction paradigm which seeks to mitigate the harm from substance abuse and misuse rather than eliminating use altogether as a goal. Yet, there has been a growing recognition that harm reduction alone is insufficient to address the rapidly evolving problem of substance use disorders in society, particularly considering new literature from medical sociology which has underscored the importance of identifying and addressing disparities in health outcomes based upon social determinants. As such, this dissertation seeks to contribute to our understanding of the scale of substance use disorders among adults in the United States by analysing social disparities in the epidemiology and, using the opioid epidemic as a case study, treatment of substance use disorders with the intention of highlighting potential areas for intervention and policy development. Drawing upon administrative datasets funded and maintained by the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, specifically the National Survey for Drug Use and Health, the National Survey of Substance Treatment Services, and the Treatment Episode Data Set, I examine disparities in the prevalence of substance use disorders in the United States and expressed unmet need for mental health treatment. Using the opioid epidemic as a case study for the treatment of substance use disorders, I examine disparities in service provision among substance abuse treatment facilities as well as disparities in receipt of medication-assisted therapy among admitted patients. I also present an analysis of substance use disorders in England and Wales drawn from the Crime Survey for England and Wales for context. The findings of these analyses are presented with an overarching aim of informing sound policy and practice with respect to substance-related use disorders.
On the Possibility of Optical Unification in Heterotic Strings
Creators: name: Cleaver, Gerald
name: Desai, Virendra
name: Hanson, Heather
name: Perkins, John
name: Robbins, David
name: Shields, Scot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently J. Giedt discussed a mechanism, entitled optical unification, whereby string scale unification is facilitated via exotic matter with intermediate scale mass. This mechanism guarantees that a virtual MSSM unification below the string scale is extrapolated from the running of gauge couplings upward from M_Z^o when an intermediate scale desert is assumed. In this letter we explore the possibility of optical unification within the context of weakly coupled heterotic strings. In particular, we investigate this for models of free fermionic construction containing the NAHE set of basis vectors. This class is of particular interest for optical unification, because it provides a standard hypercharge embedding within SO(10), giving the standard k_Y = 5/3 hypercharge level, which was shown necessary for optical unification. We present a NAHE model for which the set of exotic SU(3)_C triplet/anti-triplet pairs, SU(2)_L doublets, and non-Abelian singlets with hypercharge offers the possibility of optical unification. Whether this model can realize optical unification is conditional upon these exotics not receiving Fayet-Iliopoulos (FI) scale masses when a flat direction of scalar vacuum expectation values is non-perturbatively chosen to cancel the FI D-term, xi, generated by the anomalous U(1)-breaking Green-Schwarz-Dine-Seiberg-Wittten mechanism. A study of perturbative flat directions and their phenomenological implications for this model is underway. This paper is a product of the NFS Research Experiences for Undergraduates and the NSF High School Summer Science Research programs at Baylor University.
description: 16 pages. Standard Latex
The effects of cosmic rays on the formation of Milky Way-mass galaxies in a cosmological context
Creators: name: Buck, Tobias
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
name: Pakmor, Rüdiger
name: Grand, Robert J. J.
name: Springel, Volker
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the impact of cosmic rays (CR) and different modes of CR transport on the properties of Milky Way-mass galaxies in cosmological magneto-hydrodynamical simulations in the context of the AURIGA project. We systematically study how advection, anisotropic diffusion and additional Alfvén-wave cooling affect the galactic disc and the circum-galactic medium (CGM). Global properties such as stellar mass and star formation rate vary little between simulations with and without various CR transport physics, whereas structural properties such as disc sizes, CGM densities or temperatures can be strongly affected. In our simulations, CRs affect the accretion of gas onto galaxies by modifying the CGM flow structure. This alters the angular momentum distribution which manifests itself as a difference in stellar and gaseous disc size. The strength of this effect depends on the CR transport model: CR advection results in the most compact discs while the Alfvén-wave model resembles more the AURIGA model. The advection and diffusion models exhibit large ($r\sim50$ kpc) CR pressure-dominated gas haloes causing a smoother and partly cooler CGM. The additional CR pressure smoothes small-scale density peaks and compensates for the missing thermal pressure support at lower CGM temperatures. In contrast, the Alfvén-wave model is only CR pressure dominated at the disc-halo interface and only in this model the gamma-ray emission from hadronic interactions agrees with observations. In contrast to previous findings, we conclude that details of CR transport are critical for accurately predicting the impact of CR feedback on galaxy formation.
description: accepted by MNRAS, 26 pages (5 appendix), 20 figures (5 appendix)
title: Das Leben eines bedeutsamen Unbedeutenden
Creators: name: Koifman, Julia
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Burnaja žizn' Lazika Rojtšvaneca Erenbug, Il'ja Grigor'evič
subject: Das bewegte Leben des Lasik Roitschwantz Ehrenburg, Ilja Grigor'evič
subject: 491.8

description: Es war einmal ein kleiner Lazik, der ging hinaus in die weite Welt und schlängelte sich so mir nichts, dir nichts unbeschadet durch die Scherben ihrer zerberstenden Fassaden. Il’ja Ėrenburgs lange Zeit in Vergessenheit geratener Roman “Burnaja žizn’ Lazika Rojtšvaneca” (“Das bewegte Leben des Lasik Roitschwantz”) ist 2016 schelmisch wie sein Protagonist ohne jegliche Erlaubnis der Parteigenossen von den Toten auferstanden.
description: novinkigegengelesen
Fluctuations of work in realistic equilibrium states of quantum systems with conserved quantities
Creators: name: Mur-Petit, J.
name: Relaño, A.
name: Molina, R. A.
name: Jaksch, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The out-of-equilibrium dynamics of quantum systems is one of the most fascinating problems in physics, with outstanding open questions on issues such as relaxation to equilibrium. An area of particular interest concerns few-body systems, where quantum and thermal fluctuations are expected to be especially relevant. In this contribution, we present numerical results demonstrating the impact of conserved quantities (or 'charges') in the outcomes of out-of-equilibrium measurements starting from realistic equilibrium states on a few-body system implementing the Dicke model.
description: 12 pages, 1 fig. Contribution to Proceedings of the 24th European Conference on Few-Body Problems in Physics (EFB24). Matches journal version published under CC BY 4.0
Pulsating or not? A search for hidden pulsations below the red edge of the ZZ instability strip
Creators: name: Kotak, Rubina
name: van Kerkwijk, Marten H.
name: Clemens, J. Christopher
name: Bida, Tom A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The location of the red edge of the ZZ Ceti instability strip is defined observationally as being the lowest temperature for which a white dwarf with a H-rich atmosphere (DA) is known to exhibit periodic brightness variations. Whether this cut-off in flux variations is actually due to a cessation of pulsation or merely due to the attenuation of any variations by the convection zone, rendering them invisible, is not clear. The latter is a theoretical possibility because with decreasing effective temperature, the emergent flux variations become an ever smaller fraction of the amplitude of the flux variations in the interior. In contrast to the flux variations, the visibility of the velocity variations associated with the pulsations is not thought to be similarly affected. Thus, models imply that were it still pulsating, a white dwarf just below the observed red edge should show velocity variations. In order to test this possibility, we used time-resolved spectra of three DA white dwarfs that do not show photometric variability, but which have derived temperatures only slightly lower than the coolest ZZ Ceti variables. We find that none of our three targets show significant periodic velocity variations, and set 95% confidence limits on amplitudes of 3.0, 5.2, and 8.8km/s. Thus, for two out of our three objects, we can rule out velocity variations as large as 5.4km/s observed for the strongest mode in the cool white dwarf pulsator ZZ Psc. In order to verify our procedures, we also examined similar data of a known ZZ Ceti, HL Tau 76. Applying external information from the light curve, we detect significant velocity variations for this object with amplitudes of up to 4km/s, making it only the third DAV for which velocity variations have been measured. (abridged)
description: 8 pages, 4 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Anisotropic pseudo-potential for polarized dilute quantum gases
Creators: name: Derevianko, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anisotropic pseudopotential relevant to collisions of two particles polarized by external field is rigorously derived and its properties are investigated. Such low-energy pseudopotential may be useful in describing collective properties of dilute quantum gases, such as molecules polarized by electric field or metastable $^3P_2$ atoms polarized by magnetic field. The pseudopotential is expressed in terms of reactance (K--) matrix and derivatives of Dirac delta-function. In most applications it may be represented as a sum of traditional spherically-symmetric contact term and anisotropic part. The former contribution may be parameterized by a generalized scattering length. The anisotropic part of pseudopotential may be characterized by off-diagonal scattering length for dipolar interactions and off-diagonal scattering volume for quadrupolar interactions. Two-body matrix element of the pseudopotential in a basis of plane waves is also derived.
description: 1 Fig, submitted to Phys. Rev. A
SU(2) channels the cancellation of K3 BPS states
Creators: name: Taormina, Anne
name: Wendland, Katrin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The conformal field theoretic elliptic genus, an invariant for N=(2,2) superconformal field theories, counts the BPS states in any such theory with signs, according to their bosonic or fermionic nature. For K3 theories, this invariant is the source of the Mathieu Moonshine phenomenon. There, the net number of quarter BPS states is positive for any conformal dimension above the massless threshold, but it may arise after cancellation of the contributions of an equal number of bosonic and fermionic BPS states present in non-generic theories, as is the case for the class of Z2-orbifolds of toroidal SCFTs. Nevertheless, the space H-roof of all BPS states that are generic to such orbifold theories provides a convenient framework to construct a particular generic space of states of K3 theories. We find a natural action of the group SU(2) on a subspace of H-roof which is compatible with the cancellations of contributions from the corresponding non-generic states. In fact, we propose that this action channels those cancellations. As a by-product, we find a new subspace of the generic space of states in H-roof.
description: 33 pages, 5 tables; minor typos corrected;references added
The QCD String Spectrum and Conformal Field Theory
Creators: name: Juge, K. J.
name: Kuti, J.
name: Morningstar, C. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The low energy excitation spectrum of the critical Wilson surface is discussed between the roughening transition and the continuum limit of lattice QCD. The fine structure of the spectrum is interpreted within the framework of two-dimensional conformal field theory.
description: Lattice2001 (confinement),3 pages,1 figure,uses espcrc2.sty
Sharing code
Creators: name: Englund, Markus
Publisher: name: National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS)
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 460599
subject: Data management and data science not elsewhere classified

description: This talk presented good practices for sharing source code that underlies scientific software. It was delivered during the course Introduction to Data Management Practices for National Genomics Infrastructure organised by NBIS Data Management team in May 2024.The target audience is research infrastructure staff at a data producing sequencing facility. ​​The objective was that every attendant at the end of the talk should be able to:Describe some good code management practices, especially related to sharing codeBe able to start implementing some of the practices in his/her organisation (or in his/her own work)
Sharing code
Creators: name: Englund, Markus
Publisher: name: National Bioinformatics Infrastructure Sweden (NBIS)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 460599
subject: Data management and data science not elsewhere classified

description: This talk presented good practices for sharing source code that underlies scientific software. It was delivered during the course Introduction to Data Management Practices for National Genomics Infrastructure organised by NBIS Data Management team in September 2023. The target audience is research infrastructure staff at a data producing sequencing facility. ​​The objective was that every attendant at the end of the talk should be able to:Describe some good code management practices, especially related to sharing codeBe able to start implementing some of the practices in his/her organisation (or in his/her own work)