cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High energy absorption efficiency of thin-walled conical corrugation tubes mimicking coconut tree configuration
Creators: name: Ha, Ngoc San
name: Lu, Guoxing
name: Xiang, Xinmei
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In this study, a new tubular corrugated configuration mimicking the coconut tree profile, here named “conical corrugation tube” (CCT), was proposed, in an attempt to enhance the energy absorption, minimize the initial peak crushing force, and stabilize the crushing process. The effects of geometrical features, especially tapered angle and wavelength of CCTs on the deformation mode and energy absorption characteristics, were investigated through a series of numerical simulations. The results showed that the deformation modes of CCTs could be mainly classified into four modes, which were clearly influenced by the tapered angle and the wavelength of the CCTs. Moreover, the initial peak force of the CCTs was reduced significantly compared with that of the circular straight tube and the tapered tube. In addition, the undulation of the load-carrying capacity parameter, which is used to evaluate the stability of the crushing force, is minimized, and the CCTs produced smoother force-displacement curves compared with the circular straight tube and the tapered tube. Finally, a theoretical model was proposed to predict the mean crushing force of CCTs under dynamic impact loading. The theoretical results showed a good agreement with the numerical results.
Lead and/or Lead Oxide Nanoparticle Generation for Inhalation Experiments
Creators: name: Moravec, Pavel
name: Jiri Smolik
name: Ondráček, Jakub
name: Vodička, Petr
name: Fajgar, Radek
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Physics
subject: Biophysics

description: A method of the continual generation of lead or lead oxide nanoparticles for potential subsequent inhalation experiments with laboratory animals was investigated. We examined the thermal decomposition and oxidation of lead bis(2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptanedionate) in an externally heated tube reactor as well as the evaporation and condensation of metallic lead. The particle production dependence on experimental conditions was investigated using a scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS), and the particle characteristics were studied using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), high resolution TEM (HRTEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS), elemental and organic carbon analysis (EC/OC), X-ray photoelectron spectrometry (XPS) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) methods. The evaporation/condensation was evaluated as being the most suitable for inhalation experiments due to its simplicity, high production rate and the well-defined composition of the nanoparticles.
Sharp Threshold Detection Based on Sup-norm Error Rates in High-dimensional Models
Creators: name: Callot, Laurent
name: Caner, Mehmet
name: Kock, Anders Bredahl
name: Riquelme, Juan Andres
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We propose a new estimator, the thresholded scaled Lasso, in high dimensional threshold regressions. First, we establish an upper bound on the ℓ∞ estimation error of the scaled Lasso estimator of Lee et al. (2015). This is a non-trivial task as the literature on high-dimensional models has focused almost exclusively on ℓ1 and ℓ2 estimation errors. We show that this sup-norm bound can be used to distinguish between zero and non-zero coefficients at a much finer scale than would have been possible using classical oracle inequalities. Thus, our sup-norm bound is tailored to consistent variable selection via thresholding. Our simulations show that thresholding the scaled Lasso yields substantial improvements in terms of variable selection. Finally, we use our estimator to shed further empirical light on the long running debate on the relationship between the level of debt (public and private) and GDP growth.
Infant peripheral blood repetitive element hypomethylation associated with antiretroviral therapy in utero
Creators: name: Marsit, Carmen J
name: Brummel, Sean S
name: Kacanek, Deborah
name: Seage, George R
name: Spector, Stephen A
name: Armstrong, David A
name: Lester, Barry M
name: Rich, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: The use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy and delivery is generally considered safe. However, vigilant assessment of potential risks of these agents remains warranted. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation are considered potential mechanisms linking the in utero environment with long-term health outcomes. Few studies have examined the epigenetic effects of prenatal exposure to pharmaceutical agents, including antiretroviral therapies, on children. In this study, we examined the methylation status of the LINE-1 and ALU-Yb8 repetitive elements as markers of global DNA methylation alteration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from newborns participating in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study SMARTT cohort of HIV-exposed, cART-exposed uninfected infants compared to a historical cohort of HIV-exposed, antiretroviral-unexposed infants from the Women and Infants Transmission Study Cohort. In linear regression models controlling for potential confounders, we found the adjusted mean difference of AluYb8 methylation of the cART-exposed compared to the -unexposed was −0.568 (95% CI: −1.023, −0.149) and for LINE-1 methylation was −1.359 (95% CI: −1.860, −0.857). Among those exposed to cART, subjects treated with atazanavir (ATV), compared to those on other treatments, had less AluYb8 methylation (−0.524, 95% CI: −0.025, −1.024). Overall, these results suggest a small but statistically significant reduction in the methylation of these repetitive elements in an HIV-exposed, cART-exposed cohort compared to an HIV-exposed, cART-unexposed historic cohort. The potential long-term implications of these differences are worthy of further examination.
title: The Covid-19 Pandemic as a Test Case of Cultural Values
title: Reconstructing China’s Nationalist Discourse in Social Media
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Bogen, Cornelia
Publisher: name: IOA / BIGS-OAS
Year: 2023
Subjects: China
Covid-19 pandemic
public discourse
cultural values
Confucianism
nationalism
social media
health (crisis) communication
critical digital social research

description: A variety of nationalisms are said to have emerged worldwide since the Covid-19 pandemic; however, scholars struggle to determine the mutual impact of nationalism and the pandemic, and they do not agree on what constitutes Chinese nationalism in particular. China’s national narratives of the 1990s and digital nationalism in the first decades of the 21st century have highlighted the unique characteristics of Chinese culture, so it comes as a surprise that the vast body of research about China’s Covid-19 pandemic nationalism has not yet determined the specific role cultural factors played in fostering nationalist sentiment. Hence, this article first uses the concept of national identity in Blank et al. as an analysis grid in its literature review to reconstruct a potential shift from patriotism to nationalism within China’s Covid-19 discourse and explore the political and cultural factors that allegedly impacted the handling of the crisis by different countries. Second, a thematic analysis of a randomly selected sample of Chinese media articles and social media posts published in 2020 and 2021 aims to carve out the specific set of values that various Chinese discourse participants – ranging from the political and social elite to ordinary internet users – proclaim to be the reason why China succeeded to contain the first wave of the epidemic.
 This literature review shows that the patriotic media campaign, launched after the official announcement of the epidemic, was led by the Chinese Communist Party to counteract Chinese public criticism of media censorship during the outbreak and maintain political stability. After the epidemic became a pandemic and China had successfully contained the first wave, Chinese internet users, as well as political and social elites, jointly engaged in the constructionof a nationalist narrative to counteract international anti-Chinese discourse. Furthermore, this thematic analysis of Chinese social media discourse show cases how Chinese online publics ideologically constructed themselves as a homogeneous group defined by descent, race, and culture. This nourished nationalistic sentiment and helped to establish a boundary to the external other by ascribing the failure of foreign countries to contain the disease to their lack of certain Confucian values. In doing so, Chinese discourse evoked centuries-old Western orientalist stereotypes on ‘Confucianist collectivism’ that they used to foster nationalism while rejecting international criticism. Othering narratives in the pandemic discourse of China and liberal Western countries were based on nationalism, culturalism, racism, and the larger ‘orientalist’ idea of China versus ‘the West’ as homogeneous, transnational and imagined communities.
Differential DNA methylation identified in the blood and retina of AMD patients
Creators: name: Oliver, Verity F
name: Jaffe, Andrew E
name: Song, Jin
name: Guohua Wang
name: Pingwu Zhang
name: Branham, Kari E
name: Swaroop, Anand
name: Eberhart, Charles G
name: Zack, Donald J
name: Qian, Jiang
name: Shannath L Merbs
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine

description: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in the western world. While genetic studies have linked both common and rare variants in genes involved in regulation of the complement system to increased risk of development of AMD, environmental factors, such as smoking and nutrition, can also significantly affect the risk of developing the disease and the rate of disease progression. Since epigenetics has been implicated in mediating, in part, the disease risk associated with some environmental factors, we investigated a possible epigenetic contribution to AMD. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of blood from AMD patients and controls. No differential methylation site reached genome-wide significance; however, when epigenetic changes in and around known GWAS-defined AMD risk loci were explored, we found small but significant DNA methylation differences in the blood of neovascular AMD patients near age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2), a top-ranked GWAS locus preferentially associated with neovascular AMD. The methylation level of one of the CpG sites significantly correlated with the genotype of the risk SNP rs10490924, suggesting a possible epigenetic mechanism of risk. Integrating genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of retina samples with and without AMD together with blood samples, we further identified a consistent, replicable change in DNA methylation in the promoter region of protease serine 50 (PRSS50). These methylation changes may identify sites in novel genes that are susceptible to non-genetic factors known to contribute to AMD development and progression.
Neutral hydrogen in the distant Universe
Creators: name: Sadler, Elaine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: I will outline the exciting opportunities for studies of neutral hydrogen in local and distant galaxies opened up by the new Australian SKA Pathfinder (ASKAP) telescope. ASKAP's large (30 square degree) field of view, wide spectral bandpass and radio-quiet site provide a powerful new capability for large-area HI absorption surveys of galaxies in the redshift range 0 < z < 1. I will show a range of results from observations carried out during ASKAP commissioning, including detections of both intervening and associated 21cm HI absorption, and discuss their astrophysical implications. I also hope to present some of the first results from a pilot survey of 1000 square degrees of sky to be carried out with the full 36-dish ASKAP telescope in late 2019.
Hi-KIDS: The HI KOALA IFS dwarf galaxy survey
Creators: name: Lopez-Sanchez, Angel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: In this talk I will present the first scientific results provided by the HI KOALA IFS dwarf galaxy survey. We are obtaining deep 2D spectroscopic data of a sample of nearby gas-rich galaxies (for which we already have the interferometric HI data) using both KOALA+AAOmega at the AAT and MUSE at ESO's VLT. We study the properties of the ionised gas, its kinematics and chemical content, as well as the kinematics is the stars and the properties of the stellar populations. We compare with the results obtained from HI data. The combined optical and radio data for HI-KIDS galaxies (around 74 objects observed so far) will be publicly available as a legacy in AAO's Data Central.
Ambiente virtual para el aprendizaje del estudiante de medicina humana
Creators: name: Sucari-Callohuanca, Fredy Ivan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Estudiante de medicina humana
Clase virtual

description: Durante el aislamiento social obligatorio (cuarentena) debido a la pandemia del COVID-19, todas las universidades cerraron a fin de disminuir la posibilidad de contagio en sus estudiantes. Al reinicio de las actividades académicas postcuarentena, muchas universidades están optando por realizar sus actividades de forma virtual. La mayoría de las escuelas profesionales tienen pocas limitaciones. Sin embargo, la educación en ciencias de la salud requiere de la práctica y el debate de información. En esta presentación se desarrollan las ventajas y desventajas del nuevo ambiente virtual para el aprendizaje del estudiante de medicina humana. Se propone modelos de usos de tecnologías para un mejor desarrollo y aprovechamiento del estudio de forma vitual.
New searches for high-redshift radio galaxies using the MWA GLEAM survey
Creators: name: Broderick, Jess
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: High-redshift radio galaxies (HzRGs; e.g. review by Miley & De Breuck 2008) are vital probes of massive galaxy formation and evolution. Low-radio-frequency-selected samples have considerable potential in finding more of these rare objects (e.g. the recent discovery of the most distant radio galaxy known at z=5.72; Saxena et al. 2018). Drouart et al. (in prep.) have developed a novel selection technique for efficiently finding HzRGs, making use of spectral curvature at low radio frequencies, along with a standard cut in near-infrared K-band magnitude. This approach has already resulted in the discovery of the second-most distant radio galaxy known, at z=5.55. In this talk, I will present initial results from an ongoing project to extend the Drouart et al. study over much wider areas, and to radio flux density levels an order of magnitude fainter. In particular, we make use of an updated catalogue from the Galactic and Extragalactic All-sky Murchison Widefield Array survey (MWA GLEAM Year 1 + Year 2; Franzen et al. in prep.), as well as near-infrared K-band data from the ESO VISTA Kilo-degree Infrared Galaxy survey (VIKING; Edge et al. 2013). I will describe efforts to refine the selection process using both the above described data, as well as additional multi-wavelength data sets. I will also discuss the prospects of further opening up new parameter space by finding more HzRGs with radio luminosities similar to, and fainter than, the Saxena et al. (2018) discovery. Identifying radio galaxies above z > 6 (i.e. during the Epoch of Reionisation) would enable many exciting scientific opportunities, and I will conclude with some thoughts on this topic.
Brønsted Acid–Catalyzed Friedel–Crafts Reaction of Indoles to α-Ketimino Esters
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Hui
name: Qin-Xin Lou
name: Yan-Xue Chen
name: Kang-Kang Tang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: Friedel–Crafts reaction of indoles to aromatic α-ketimino esters was found to be catalyzed by camphorsulfonic acid with good yields (up to 98%) under ambient temperature. This process provides an efficient method for the synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives that bear quaternary carbon centers.
title: Development and Experiments on a Batch-Type Solar Roaster—An Innovative Decentralized System for Coffee Roasting
Creators: name: Majeed, Faizan
name: Raza, Ali
name: Munir, Anjum
name: Hensel, Oliver
Publisher: name: Universität Kassel
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: renewable energy
subject: Scheffler concentrator reflector
subject: batch-type solar roaster
subject: response surface methodology
subject: coffee roasting
subject: 600
subject: 630
subject: Erneuerbare Energien
subject: Konzentrator
subject: Reflektor
subject: Kaffeeverarbeitung

description: Gefördert durch den Publikationsfonds der Universität Kassel
FX Swap Explained
Creators: name: Yang, Alex
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: FX swap, FX forward, currency swap, currency forward, FX swap valuation

description: An FX swap agreement is a contract in which both parties agree to exchange one currency for another currency at a spot FX rate. The agreement also stipulates to re-exchange the same amounts at a certain future date also at a swap FX rate.
description: https://ia804500.us.archive.org/24/items/fx-swap-23/FxSwap-archive.pdf
MPEC 2024-E90 : 2021 LX43
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Phosphine-Free Suzuki Cross-Coupling Reaction Using an Efficient and Reusable Pd Catalyst in an Aqueous Medium Under Microwave Irradiation
Creators: name: Silva, Joaquim F. M. Da
name: Perez, Andres F. Yepes
name: Almeida, Natália P. De
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Earth and Environmental Sciences
Cell Biology
Physics
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: We report here an improved, highly efficient and general method for the ligand-free Suzuki cross-coupling reaction to the synthesis of biaryls, bipyridyls, thienylpyridine and allylphenols. Microwave irradiation of (het)aryl halides and (hetaryl, allyl)arylboronic acid N-methyl-iminodiacetic acid (MIDA) ester, using polyurea microencapsulated palladium catalyst (Pd EnCat 30) gave the coupling adducts 1a-x in excellent yields in just 10-18 min.
From High Redshift Sub-millimeter Galaxies to Early Types in the Local Universe
Creators: name: Rizzo, Francesca
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The extreme astrophysical processes and conditions that characterise the early Universe are expected to result in galaxies that are dynamically different from those observed today. This is because the strong effects associated with mergers and stellar feedback should lead to the majority of young star-forming galaxies being dynamically hot, chaotic and strongly unstable. I want to present the discovery of a dynamically cold, but highly star-forming, rotating disk galaxy at redshift 4.2. This is a gravitationally lensed dusty starburst, with global star-forming properties in agreement with current numerical simulations and observations of its galaxy population. However, the unique spatial resolution of ~60 pc, achieved by combining ALMA and gravitational magnification, reveals a ratio of rotational-to-random motions of V/σ ~ 10, which is four times larger than expected from the state-of-art numerical simulations at this epoch, but similar to spiral galaxies in the local Universe. In addition, this galaxy has a bulge-to-total-mass ratio of 0.4 and a rotation curve with the typical shape of nearby centrally bulge-dominated spiral galaxies. This result requires galaxy evolution models to produce dynamically cold galaxies, not characterised by large turbulent motions and violent instabilities, already at early times. Furthermore, I will show preliminary results on the dynamical analysis on a larger sample of starburst galaxies at z > 4.
Large scale Active Galactic Nuclei monitoring for Changing Looks
Creators: name: Wei Jeat (Jack) Hon
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Changing-Look AGN (or CLAGN) are low-luminosity AGN that change their type classification on surprisingly short timescales down to a year. Random chance may thus decide whether they appear as AGN or not, and their duty cycle has yet to be constrained, due to the low number of known CLAGN. This could also have an impact on studies of AGN feedback in the low-luminosity regime. Progress relies on finding a complete sample of such objects and on large-scale monitoring of low-luminosity AGN. Searches in databases have revealed less than 100 CLAGN. Many search methods produce incomplete samples due to low cadence and lack of spectral data. In this talk we present our methods and newly identified CLAGN. Finally, we propose high cadence spectroscopy of known Seyfert galaxies as well as large-scale photometric surveys to track colour changes in galaxy cores.
Predicting the Resolved Wallaby Velocity Function
Creators: name: Spekkens, Kristine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The velocity function of local galaxies -- their number density as a function of their rotation velocity -- is a key statistical constraint on cosmological galaxy formation because its properties depend on both the dark matter halo velocity function as well as on how galaxies of different masses are embedded in those halos. The HI velocity function is particularly powerful in this context because the extended HI layers of disk galaxies contain most of their angular momentum. HI velocity functions have insofar been measured from spatially unresolved single-dish surveys, but their interpretation is complicated by the unknown spatial distribution of the gas within each galaxy: this is particularly true at the low-V end, where hypotheses to explain the strong discrepancy from the collisionless dark matter halo relation range from blaming measurement errors, to invoking large non-circular flows, to positing that the narrow HI widths of many local disk galaxies belie high masses. The ASKAP Wallaby survey is set to revolutionize this field by delivering the first HI velocity function built from spatially resolved observations over a cosmological volume. The properties of that velocity function, however, depend both on the galaxy population resolved by Wallaby and how reliably the detections can be kinematically modelled. We generate the first detailed predictions for the resolved Wallaby velocity function by simulating realistic HI detections and assessing how well they can be modelled with available tools. We predict that axisymmetric HI disks resolved by as few as 3.5 beams across their major axes can be reliably modelled at most inclinations, and therefore that Wallaby will measure the resolved galaxy velocity function down to VHI~30 km/s. This talk will review the velocity function as a probe of cosmological galaxy formation, present our predictions for Wallaby, and discuss the implications of those predictions for constraining how nearby galaxies are embedded in their parent halos.
Multifractal analysis of solar flare indices and their horizontal visibility graphs
Creators: name: Yu, Z. G.
name: Anh, Vo
name: Eastes, R.
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The multifractal properties of the daily solar X-ray brightness, XlO 2 and XsO2, during the period from 1 January 1986 to 31 December 2007 which includes two solar cycles are examined using the universal multifractal approach and multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis. Then we convert these time series into networks using the horizontal visibility graph technique. Multifractal analysis of the resulting networks is performed using an algorithm proposed by us. The results from the multifractal analysis show that multifractality exists in both raw daily time series of X-ray brightness and their horizontal visibility graphs. It is also found that the empirical KO 2(qO2) curves of raw time series can be fitted by the universal multifractal model. The numerical results on the raw data show that the Solar Cycle 23 is weaker than the Solar Cycle 22 in multifractality. The values of hO2(2) from multifractal detrended fluctuation analysis for these time series indicate that they are stationary and persistent, and the correlations in the time series of Solar Cycle 23 are stronger than those for Solar Cycle 22. Furthermore, the multifractal scaling for the networks of the time series can reflect some properties which cannot be picked up by using the same analysis on the original time series. This suggests a potentially useful method to explore geophysical data.
The physics of gas accretion onto halos and galaxies: insight from cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Wright, Ruby
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The accumulation of matter on halo-scales directly feeds the processes which govern the evolution of galaxies over cosmic time. Gas accretion on these scales, to first order, is set by the balance between gravitation and pressure-support, this balance being non-trivial to model and heavily dependent on the state of each individual system. In a Lambda-CDM universe, we expect the picture for dark matter build-up to be much more steady and predictable, due to the lack of self-interaction. To explore these ideas in a theoretical context, we make use of a collection of 25Mpc EAGLE hydrodynamical simulations to investigate (1) the breakdown of accretion modes over cosmic time (in particular, contrasting gas and dark matter accretion), and (2) the effect of physical models on matter accretion, by comparing accretion to halos on a range of scales and simulations that implement cooling and stellar/AGN feedback to varying extents. We find that dark matter is preferentially accumulated in halos via mergers compared to pristine and recycled cosmological modes of accretion, especially for high mass halos, Mhalo > 10^12.5 Msun at late times. In comparison, baryon accumulation in halos is more likely to be of cosmological origin, rather than mergers. We also find that the breakdown of accretion into different modes is heavily dependent on model physics. Our results have important implications on analytic and semi-analytic treatments of galaxy evolution, highlighting the need to treat dark matter and baryons individually.
Differential DNA Methylation Identified in the Blood and Retina of AMD Patients
Creators: name: Oliver, Verity F
name: Jaffe, Andrew E
name: Song, Jin
name: Guohua Wang
name: Pingwu Zhang
name: Branham, Kari E
name: Swaroop, Anand
name: Eberhart, Charles G
name: Zack, Donald J
name: Qian, Jiang
name: Shannath L Merbs
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cancer
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Medicine

description: Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is a major cause of blindness in the western world. While genetic studies have linked both common and rare variants in genes involved in regulation of the complement system to increased risk of development of AMD, environmental factors, such as smoking and nutrition, can also significantly affect the risk of developing the disease and the rate of disease progression. Since epigenetics has been implicated in mediating, in part, the disease risk associated with some environmental factors, we investigated a possible epigenetic contribution to AMD. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of blood from AMD patients and controls. No differential methylation site reached genome-wide significance; however, when epigenetic changes in and around known GWAS-defined AMD risk loci were explored, we found small but significant DNA methylation differences in the blood of neovascular AMD patients near age-related maculopathy susceptibility 2 (ARMS2), a top-ranked GWAS locus preferentially associated with neovascular AMD. The methylation level of one of the CpG sites significantly correlated with the genotype of the risk SNP rs10490924, suggesting a possible epigenetic mechanism of risk. Integrating genome-wide DNA methylation analysis of retina samples with and without AMD together with blood samples, we further identified a consistent, replicable change in DNA methylation in the promoter region of protease serine 50 (PRSS50). These methylation changes may identify sites in novel genes that are susceptible to non-genetic factors known to contribute to AMD development and progression.
title: Reconstruction of Total Bone Defects following Resection of Malignant Tumors of the Upper Extremity with 3D Printed Prostheses: Presentation of Two Patients with a Follow-Up of Three Years
Creators: name: Ackmann, Thomas
name: Klingebiel, Sebastian
name: Gosheger, Georg
name: Rachbauer, Anna
name: Theil, Jan-Christoph
name: Andreou, Dimosthenis
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Wide tumor resection is the local treatment of choice for patients with primary malignant bone tumors and a prerequisite for long-term survival. We present two patients that underwent total bone resection in the upper limb because of primary malignant bone tumors. The defects were then reconstructed by a 3D printed prosthesis, a procedure that, to our knowledge, has not been reported for bone defects of the upper extremity so far. Complete resection of the affected bone was required in a five-year-old girl with a high-grade osteoblastic osteosarcoma of the humerus and a 53-year-old man with a dedifferentiated leiomyosarcoma of the radius, due to the tumor’s extent. Following neoadjuvant chemotherapy, resection of the entire affected humerus including the axillary nerve took place in the first case and the entire affected radius including parts of the radial nerve in the second case. Approximately three years after surgery, both patients are alive and pain-free. Despite a postoperative drop hand that affected the now 56-year-old man, he is able to carry out everyday activities such as brushing his teeth, writing, and eating. The now eight-year-old girl is also able to engage in normal activities with her left arm such as eating and carrying lightweight objects. Both patients are tumor-free to date.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Infant Peripheral Blood Repetitive Element Hypomethylation Associated with Antiretroviral Therapy in utero
Creators: name: Marsit, Carmen J
name: Brummel, Sean S
name: Kacanek, Deborah
name: Seage, George R
name: Spector, Stephen A
name: Armstrong, David A
name: Lester, Barry M
name: Rich, Kenneth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Medicine

description: The use of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) to prevent HIV mother-to-child transmission during pregnancy and delivery is generally considered safe. However, vigilant assessment of potential risks of these agents remains warranted. Epigenetic changes including DNA methylation are considered potential mechanisms linking the in utero environment with long-term health outcomes. Few studies have examined the epigenetic effects of prenatal exposure to pharmaceutical agents, including antiretroviral therapies, on children. In this study, we examined the methylation status of the LINE-1 and ALU-Yb8 repetitive elements as markers of global DNA methylation alteration in peripheral blood mononuclear cells obtained from newborns participating in the Pediatric HIV/AIDS Cohort Study SMARTT of HIV-exposed, cART-exposed uninfected infants compared to a historical cohort of HIV-exposed, antiretroviral-unexposed infants from the Women and Infants Transmission Study Cohort. In linear regression models controlling for potential confounders, we found the adjusted mean difference of AluYb8 methylation of the cART-exposed compared to the -unexposed was −0.568 (95% CI: −1.023, −0.149) and for LINE-1 methylation was −1.359 (95% CI: −1.860, −0.857). Among those exposed to cART, subjects treated with atazanavir (ATV), compared to those on other treatments, had less AluYb8 methylation (−0.524, 95% CI: −0.025, −1.024). Overall, these results suggest a small but statistically significant reduction in the methylation of these repetitive elements in an HIV-exposed, cART-exposed cohort compared to an HIV-exposed, cART-unexposed historic cohort. The potential long-term implications of these differences are worthy of further examination.
title: Biowissenschaftler als Akteure in Menschenversuchen zur Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Zum Verantwortungsproblem biomedizinischer Forschung
Creators: name: von Schwerin, Alexander
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nationalsozialismus
subject: Biowissenschaften
subject: Menschenversuch
subject: Verantwortung
subject: Nachtsheim, Hans
subject: Rajewsky, Boris
subject: 000
subject: 570
subject: 940

description: Der Beitrag problematisiert Beispiele biomedizinischer Forschung mit Blick auf Rolle und Verantwortung der involvierten Biowissenschaftler in der Zeit des Nationalsozialismus. Die Beispiele geben darüber hinaus Anlass, biomedizinische Forschung allgemeiner und hinsichtlich ihrer epistemischen Eigendynamik zu hinterfragen, inwieweit der Modellversuch am Tier kein Ersatz für den Versuch am Menschen ist, sondern diesen gerade voraussetzt. Das erste Beispiel behandelt die Experimente an Kindern aus einer psychiatrischen Einrichtung unter Leitung des Genetikers Hans Nachtsheim (1890 –1979) im Jahr 1943, die mit Forschung am Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Anthropologie, menschliche Erblehre und Eugenik in Verbindung standen und im Umfeld der nationalsozialistischen Krankenmorde stattfanden. Das zweite Beispiel untersucht Versuche des Biophysikers Boris Rajewsky (1893 –1974) vom Kaiser-Wilhelm-Institut für Biophysik in Frankfurt (Main) mit Patientinnen und Patienten einer Kureinrichtung im Kurort Oberschlema zwischen 1942 und 1944 im Zusammenhang der militärischen Erforschung radioaktiver Stoffe.
description: The article problematizes examples of biomedical research with a view to the role and responsibility of the bioscientists involved during the National Socialist era. The examples also provide an opportunity to question biomedical research in general and with regard to its own epistemic dynamics, to what extent model experiments on animals are not a substitute for experiments on humans, but in fact presuppose them. The first example deals with the experiments on children from a psychiatric institution under the direction of the geneticist Hans Nachtsheim (1890 –1979) in 1943, which were connected with research at the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute for Anthropology, Human Heredity and Eugenics and took place in the context of the National Socialist murder of the sick. The second example examines experiments carried out by the biophysicist Boris Rajewsky (1893 –1974) from the Kaiser Wilhelm Institute of Biophysics in Frankfurt (Main) on patients at a health resort in Oberschlema between 1942 and 1944 in connection with military research into radioactive substances.
description: Politik in der Wissenschaft: Zur Evaluierung von „NS-Belastung“ in wissenschaftlichen Kontexten, p. 117
Simulated differential observations: Probing the DA and EoR with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich
Creators: name: Takalana, Charles
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Probing the Dark ages (DA) and the Epoch of reionization (EoR), remains one of the challenges facing modern cosmology. Numerous probes have been proposed for exploration of these epochs and efforts are already under-way to detect signatures from them through observations of the 21cm cosmological signal, which corresponds to the 21cm transition of atomic hydrogen. Recently the EDGES collaboration claimed the detection of an absorption feature of the global 21cm background signal centered at 78 MHz. When compared to the standard 21cm models this feature appears at the correct frequency (corresponding to a redshift range of z = (15-20)) but it is larger by a factor of about two in amplitude. This work explores a recently proposed probe for the DA and EoR called the SZE-21cm, we simulate differential observations towards and away galaxy clusters using the standard 21cm models. The SZE-21cm presents advantages as it is a differential measure of the CMB spectrum on and off an area of the sky containing the cosmic structure under study, it is as a result not affected by large-scale foregrounds in observations at low-frequency. We show that observations of SZE-21cm can be carried out with radio interferometers at frequencies between 50 MHz and 250 MHz and used to establish the global properties of the 21cm background spectrum. Noting that detection towards an individual cluster may be challenging we demonstrate how computing the signal for multiple cluster samples may be beneficial and further propose the use of the SZE-21cm to test results of current and upcoming experiments such as EDGES.
Brønsted Acid Catalyzed Friedel-Crafts Reaction of Indoles to α-Ketimino Esters
Creators: name: Yang, Jin-Hui
name: Qin-Xin Lou
name: Yan-Xue Chen
name: Kang-Kang Tang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biochemistry

description: Friedel-Crafts reaction of indoles to aromatic α-ketimino esters was found to be catalyzed by camphorsulfonic acid with high yields (up to 98%) under ambient temperature. This process provides an efficient method for the synthesis of unnatural amino acid derivatives that bearing quaternary carbon centers.
Klystron prototype completed and validated
Creators: name: I.FAST WP11 members
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The initiative to design and build a high efficiency klystron to be used in the LHC as a demonstrator was launched in 2018. Simulation packages developed at CERN predicted a beam to  RF power efficiency of 70% for a new optimized CERN design, using the same power converter and infrastructure in use in the LHC. A collaboration with THALES (FR), the manufacturer of the original klystron was established to convert one unit that is currently in use in LHC into a high-efficiency model, while reusing most of the ancillary systems like the solenoid, support frame, output coaxial  to waveguide transition gun. The new model is fully compatible with the installation at CERN without major modifications, so it can be used as a spare for the LHC machine.

The final performance of the tube allows for a higher RF power generated from the same power consumption. This opens the possibility to use it for the high luminosity upgrade of the current LHC
Quiescent carbon in the CGM of high redshift radio galaxies
Creators: name: Breuck, Carlos De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: The circum-galactic medium (CGM) is the location where galaxies directly interact with their environment through accretion and feedback events. These reservoirs can cover scales of several 100s of kpc, and are mostly studied in the optical through bright emission lines such as Lyman-alpha tracing their ionized gas. However, these optical/near-IR observations are likely missing an important part of the picture. I will present ALMA observations of the atomic carbon line [CI] in a sample of nine radio galaxies at redshifts 2 to 4.5. While some of these show broad [CI] lines up to 1000 km/s likely powered by the central AGN, we also find several examples of intriguingly narrow 50-120 km/s [CI] lines in the haloes of these massive galaxies. We compare these with our VLT/MUSE observations of the same galaxies, showing that the narrow [CI] gas detected by ALMA is tracing at least as much gas the ionized gas. Our [CI] detections reach beyond the regions where the radio jets have stirred up the gas kinematics, and therefore seem to trace the elusive CGM gas reservoirs from which these massive galaxies are forming. Future ALMA observations of other redshifted fine structure lines (e.g. [CII]158um, [NII]122/205, [OI]63/145um, [OIII]52/88um) should open up a new diagnostics of the physical conditions (density, ionization, metallicity) in the CGM at their epoch of formation.
title: „NS-Belastung“ unter Akademiemitgliedern. Strategien der (Neu-) Ausrichtung im Nationalsozialismus am Beispiel der Psychiatrisch- Neurologischen Sektion der Leopoldina
Creators: name: Rotzoll, Maike
Publisher: name: MyCoRe Community
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nationalsozialismus
subject: NS-Belastung
subject: Kaiserlich Leopoldinisch-Carolinische Deutsche Akademie der Naturforscher
subject: Mitglied
subject: Medizin
subject: Verbrechen
subject: Arzt
subject: Wissenschaftler
subject: Kollektive Biographie
subject: 000
subject: 610
subject: 940

description: Der Beitrag untersucht an einer Gruppe von Neurologen, Psychiatern und Psychologen, Mitgliedern der Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher Leopoldina im Zeitraum zwischen 1933 und 1945, die Positionierung von Ärzten und Wissenschaftlern zu den sich im Nationalsozialismus ergebenden Möglichkeiten und Spielräumen sowie deren Nutzung beispielsweise durch Kooperation mit dem NS-Regime oder veränderte Forschungsthemen. Es ergibt sich ein weites Spektrum der Reaktionsformen bis in die Alltagspraxis und Alltagsforschung mit Übergängen zu den Medizinverbrechen (Zwangssterilisation, Patientenmorde, verbrecherische Forschung am Menschen). Es wird versucht, die unterschiedlichen Reaktionsformen durch eine kollektive Biographie jener Gruppe und durch eine Typologie mit den fünf Typen „Nestoren“, „führende Männer“, „Praktiker“, „Ideologen“ und „Spezialisten“ zu erschließen.
description: With a group of neurologists, psychiatrists and psychologists, members of the German Academy of Natural Sciences Leopoldina between 1933 and 1945, the paper examines the positioning of doctors and scientists to the opportunities and leeway that arise in National Socialism and their exploitation for example through cooperation with the Nazi regime or changed research topics. The contribution reveals a wide spectrum of reaction forms up to everyday practice and research as well as transitions to medical crimes (forced sterilization, “euthanasia”, coercive research). An attempt is made to analyse the different forms of reaction through a collective biography of that group ad by means of a corresponding typology with the five types “Nestors”, “Leaders”, “Practitioners”, “Ideologists” and “Specialists”.
description: Politik in der Wissenschaft: Zur Evaluierung von „NS-Belastung“ in wissenschaftlichen Kontexten, p. 141
Reaction Mechanism for the Formation of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) During Coke Oxidation in Fluidized Catalytic Cracking Units
Creators: name: Sree Vidya Chaparala
name: Abhijeet Raj
name: Chung, Suk Ho
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biophysics

description: Fluidized catalytic cracking (FCC) units in refineries process heavy feedstock obtained from crude oil distillation. While cracking feed, catalysts get deactivated due to coke deposition. During catalyst regeneration by burning coke in air, nitrogen oxides (NOx) are formed. The increase in nitrogen content in feed over time has resulted in increased NOx emissions. To predict NOx concentration in flue gas, a reliable model for FCC regenerators is needed that requires comprehensive understanding and accurate kinetics for NOx formation. Based on the nitrogen-containing functional groups on coke, model molecules are selected to study reactions between coke-bound nitrogen and O2 to form NO and NO2 using density functional theory. The reaction kinetics for the proposed pathways are evaluated using transition state theory. It is observed that the addition of O2 on coke is favored only when the free radical is present on the carbon atom instead of nitrogen atom. Thus, NOx formation during coke oxidation does not result from the direct attack by O2 on N atoms of coke, but from the transfer of an O atom to N from a neighboring site. The low activation energies required for NO formation indicate that it is more likely to form than NO2 during coke oxidation. The favorable pathways for NOx formation that can be used in FCC models are identified.