cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Properties and Evolution of the Redback Millisecond Pulsar Binary PSR J2129-0429
Creators: name: Bellm, Eric C.
name: Kaplan, David L.
name: Breton, Rene P.
name: Phinney, E. Sterl
name: Bhalerao, Varun B.
name: Camilo, Fernando
name: Dahal, Sumit
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Drake, Andrew J.
name: Hessels, J. W. T.
name: Laher, Russ R.
name: Levitan, David B.
name: Lewis, Fraser
name: Mahabal, Ashish A.
name: Ofek, Eran O.
name: Prince, Thomas A.
name: Ransom, Scott M.
name: Roberts, Mallory S. E.
name: Russell, David M.
name: Sesar, Branimir
name: Surace, Jason A.
name: Tang, Sumin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: PSR J2129-0429 is a "redback" eclipsing millisecond pulsar binary with an unusually long 15.2 hour orbit. It was discovered by the Green Bank Telescope in a targeted search of unidentified Fermi gamma-ray sources. The pulsar companion is optically bright (mean $m_R = 16.6$ mag), allowing us to construct the longest baseline photometric dataset available for such a system. We present ten years of archival and new photometry of the companion from LINEAR, CRTS, PTF, the Palomar 60-inch, and LCOGT. Radial velocity spectroscopy using the Double-Beam Spectrograph on the Palomar 200-inch indicates that the pulsar is massive: $1.74\pm0.18 M_\odot$. The G-type pulsar companion has mass $0.44\pm0.04 M_\odot$, one of the heaviest known redback companions. It is currently 95\% Roche-lobe filling and only mildly irradiated by the pulsar. We identify a clear 13.1 mmag yr$^{-1}$ secular decline in the mean magnitude of the companion as well as smaller-scale variations in the optical lightcurve shape. This behavior may indicate that the companion is cooling. Binary evolution calculations indicate that PSR J2129-0429 has an orbital period almost exactly at the bifurcation period between systems that converge into tighter orbits as black widows and redbacks and those that diverge into wider pulsar--white dwarf binaries. Its eventual fate may depend on whether it undergoes future episodes of mass transfer and increased irradiation.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures. Submitted to ApJ
AI-powered CCTV cameras are the future of security and surveillance, How Presear Softwares deliver advanced CCTV video analytics softwares as a hybrid software package minimizing your cost
Creators: name: Tripathy, Abhijit
name: Vedangini Singh
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Aritificial Intelligence
CCTV Technology
Video Analytics
Image Processing
Hybrid Software System

description: Everybody knows that the normal CCTV cameras provide one of the best security and surveillance systems, with some manual work to be done like appointing someone in front of your computer screen 24 x 7 to check the security and a manual alert system with less accuracy. But the question is, how can Artificial Intelligence(AI) enhance the quality of your entire surveillance system. AI-powered CCTV cameras deliver advanced analytical functions like theft detection, vehicle detection, face detection, person detection, people counting, traffic counting, license plate recognition (LPR), weapons detection and behavioural analytics. Advanced video analytics software is built into the camera and recorder, which then enables artificial intelligence functions. The prepared AI model can be integrated further into a hybrid system which can be installed on desktops, android applications, iOS applications and even in smartwatches.
Creating thermal distributions from diabatic excitations in ion-trap-based quantum simulation
Creators: name: Lim, M. H.
name: Yoshimura, B. T.
name: Freericks, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The goal of adiabatic ground-state preparation is to start a simple quantum system in its ground state and adiabatically evolve the Hamiltonian to a complex one, maintaining the ground state throughout the evolution. In ion-trap-based quantum simulations, coherence times are too short to allow for adiabatic evolution for large chains, so the system evolves diabatically, creating excitations to higher energy states. Because the probability for diabatic excitation depends exponentially on the excitation energy and because the thermal distribution also depends exponentially on the excitation energy, we investigate whether the diabatic excitation can create a thermal distribution; as this could serve as an alternative for creating thermal states of complex quantum systems without requiring contact with a heat bath. In this work, we explore this relationship and determine situations where diabatic excitation can approximately create such a thermal state.
description: (11 pages, 4 figures)
Anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease: addressing barriers to long-term therapy
Creators: name: Srinivasan, Ashish
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Gastroenterology and hepatology
Clinical pharmacology and therapeutics
Traditional, complementary and integrative medicine not elsewhere classified

description: Anti-TNF agents represent important therapeutics in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis; however, there are barriers to their long-term use. First, anti-TNF agents represent a major driver of healthcare expenditure, highlighting the need to consider cost-effective alternatives such as biosimilars. Second, a subset of patients that initially respond to anti-TNF therapy subsequently lose response. Hence, this thesis describes strategies that prioritise quality use of medicines to address these barriers by promoting the uptake of biosimilar medicines to realise substantial cost savings for Australian healthcare payers, and adopting innovative ‘virtual’ models-of-care and novel anti-TNF dosing strategies to improve clinical outcomes following loss of response.
Integral Facade Construction
Creators: name: Klein, Tillmann
Publisher: name: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment
Year: 2013

description: Curtain wall constructions are one of the most applied facade constructions today. Independently attached to the primary load bearing structure of the building they protect the building’s interior from external climate conditions and allow great design freedom. With continuously rising requirements in terms of energy savings the constructional principle has reached its limits and strategies for improvement are needed. Incrementally evolved over time it is closely related to the architectural design and building processes. Based on literature research and stakeholder interviews the dissertation maps out the traditional and craftsmanship related facade design and construction process currently employed. In a next step, future challenges for facade constructions to cope with a changing market environment are identified. A facade function tree is developed and the theory of product architecture is applied to create a comparative basis for analysing different historical and contemporary facade products and systems. The function tree as well as the analysis clearly show how the fragmented market structures has influenced contemporary facade construction and leads to extremely modular product architectures. Numerous case studies for a new approach are conducted and summarised in several matrices. The case studies show how different modular and integral constructional strategies can respond to the future challenges. The pros and cons of different facade solutions, their potential for innovation and robustness in terms of market conditions are investigated. The dissertation concludes that a greater diversity of fa.ade types with a more integral construction is needed to meet the sometimes conflicting future challenges. If this can be realised, a greater diversity of more integral design and construction processes will evolve simultaneously. The role of the different stakeholders will change and a new way of educating architects or facade specialists will be required in order to meet the needs of the future building market: Away from a purely application oriented towards a product architecture driven approach, which clearly includes the implications of facade product architecture on the structure of the design and construction process.
description: A+BE | Architecture and the Built Environment, No. 3 (2013): Integral Facade Construction
Far-Infrared Dust Temperatures and Column Densities of the MALT90 Molecular Clump Sample
Creators: name: Guzmán, Andrés E.
name: Sanhueza, Patricio
name: Contreras, Yanett
name: Smith, Howard A.
name: Jackson, James M.
name: Hoq, Sadia
name: Rathborne, Jill M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present dust column densities and dust temperatures for $\sim3000$ young high-mass molecular clumps from the Millimetre Astronomy Legacy Team 90 GHz (MALT90) survey, derived from adjusting single temperature dust emission models to the far-infrared intensity maps measured between 160 and 870 \micron\ from the Herschel/Hi-Gal and APEX/ATLASGAL surveys. We discuss the methodology employed in analyzing the data, calculating physical parameters, and estimating their uncertainties. The population average dust temperature of the clumps are: $16.8\pm0.2$ K for the clumps that do not exhibit mid-infrared signatures of star formation (Quiescent clumps), $18.6\pm0.2$ K for the clumps that display mid-infrared signatures of ongoing star formation but have not yet developed an HII region (Protostellar clumps), and $23.7\pm0.2$ and $28.1\pm0.3$ K for clumps associated with HII and photo-dissociation regions, respectively. These four groups exhibit large overlaps in their temperature distributions, with dispersions ranging between 4 and 6 K. The median of the peak column densities of the Protostellar clump population is $0.20\pm0.02$ gr cm$^{-2}$, which is about 50% higher compared to the median of the peak column densities associated with clumps in the other evolutionary stages. We compare the dust temperatures and column densities measured toward the center of the clumps with the mean values of each clump. We find that in the Quiescent clumps the dust temperature increases toward the outer regions and that they are associated with the shallowest column density profiles. In contrast, molecular clumps in the Protostellar or HII region phase have dust temperature gradients more consistent with internal heating and are associated with steeper column density profiles compared with the Quiescent clumps.
description: 41 pages, 9 figures, accepted in ApJ
Critical Case Studies of District-Level Equity Leaders in Public Schools
Creators: name: Maier, Meredith
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: A collection of three case studies on District-level Equity Leaders (DELs), this study aims to fill the current void in the research on DELs and equity work at the district level in public schools, using a Critical Race Theory (CRT) lens. The study’s primary focus is to document the lived experiences of individuals in this work and how they understand and fulfill their roles - especially in the context of current educational, social, and political spheres. This includes 1) how they define their positions and implement their vision for their positions, 2) how they respond to barriers and/or setbacks they encounter, 3) how their experiences are similar or different across districts, and 4) how the CRT tenets most commonly found in education –permanence of racism, interest convergence, Whiteness as property, counternarratives versus majoritarian narratives, critique of liberalism, and intersectionality (Capper, 2015) – manifest in and/or impact district level equity leadership roles.
      This study concludes that DELs featured in the research all operationalize a CRT framework that manifests both implicitly and explicitly in the work they do each day to further their visions for their districts and to mobilize a response to the barriers and setbacks they encounter. The participants all bring passion, personal motivation, and a strong connection to equity related work in their districts. Their job descriptions, daily responsibilities, and duties are impactful only because each of these men is tied deeply to the importance of equity, grounded in their foundations in academic research, their own lived experiences, and their desire to end inequity in schools.
      Despite differences in district, years of experience, personality, and personal approach to the work, these DELs are remarkably similar in the implementation of their vision for their roles, the barriers and challenges they experience, and regarding the impacts of CRT within their district-level equity work. The design of professional development, specialized programming, policy creation and reform, and emphasis on engaging their district communities are cornerstones of their work, but these efforts do not always mitigate the pervasive nature of bias, politics and power dynamics, changes in leadership, and the emotional toll these leaders experience.
DHIGLS: DRAO H I Intermediate Galactic Latitude Survey
Creators: name: Blagrave, K.
name: Martin, P. G.
name: Joncas, G.
name: Kothes, R.
name: Stil, J.
name: Miville-Deschenes, M. -A.
name: Lockman, Felix J.
name: Taylor, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of Galactic H I gas for seven targeted regions at intermediate Galactic latitude are presented at 1' angular resolution using data from the DRAO Synthesis Telescope (ST) and the Green Bank Telescope (GBT). The DHIGLS data are the most extensive arcminute resolution measurements of the diffuse atomic interstellar medium beyond those in the Galactic plane. The acquisition, reduction, calibration, and mosaicking of the DRAO ST data and the cross calibration and incorporation of the short-spacing information from the GBT are described. The high quality of the resulting DHIGLS products enables a variety of new studies in directions of low Galactic column density. We analyze the angular power spectra of maps of the integrated H I emission (column density) from the data cubes for several distinct velocity ranges. Fitting power spectrum models based on a power law, but including the effects of the synthesized beam and noise at high spatial frequencies, we find exponents ranging from -2.5 to -3.0.. Power spectra of maps of the centroid velocity for these components give similar results. These exponents are interpreted as being representative of the 3D density and 3D velocity fields of the atomic gas, respectively. We find evidence for dramatic changes in the H I structures in channel maps over even small changes in velocity. This narrow line emission has counterparts in absorption spectra against bright background radio sources, quantifying that the gas is cold and dense and can be identified as the cold neutral medium phase. Fully reduced DHIGLS H I data cubes and other data products are available at www.cita.utoronto.ca/DHIGLS.
description: Improved structure of paper. 33 pages, 42 figures, accepted to ApJ
Synthesis and crystallographic characterization of [2,2-bis­(η5-penta­methyl­cyclo­penta­dien­yl)-3,4-bis(tri­methyl­sil­yl)-2-zircona­furan-5-one-κO5]triisobutyl­aluminium
Creators: name: Burlakov, Vladimir V.
name: Bogdanov, Vyacheslav S.
name: Arndt, Perdita
name: Spannenberg, Anke
name: Rosenthal, Uwe
name: Beweries, Torsten
name: Shur, Vladimir B.
Publisher: name: Chester : International Union of Crystallography
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: crystal structure
subject: triisobutylaluminium
subject: zirconium metallocene
subject: zwitterionic enolate complex
subject: 530

description: The crystal structure of the title zwitterionic zirconocene complex containing a furan­one unit, [AlZr(C10H15)2(C4H9)3(C9H18O2Si2)], is reported. On reacting a zircona­furan­one with two equivalents of HAl(i-Bu)2, disproportionation of the Lewis acid results in the formation of a triiso­butyl­aluminium fragment, Al(i-Bu)3, which coordinates to the exocyclic carbonyl O atom of the zircona­furan­one ring. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction reveals that the zircona­furan­one ring remains intact with coordination of the aluminium to the exocyclic O atom. One of the i-butyl groups is disordered over two sets of sites, with an occupancy ratio of 0.731 (3):0.269 (3).
Enzyme Activity by Design: An Artificial Rhodium Hydroformylase for Linear Aldehydes
Creators: name: Jarvis, Amanda G.
name: Obrecht, Lorenz
name: Deuss, Peter J.
name: Laan, Wouter
name: Gibson, Emma K.
name: Wells, Peter P.
name: Kamer, Paul C. J.
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: artificial metalloenzymes
subject: catalyst design
subject: hydroformylation
subject: phosphines
subject: rhodium
subject: 540

description: Artificial metalloenzymes (ArMs) are hybrid catalysts that offer a unique opportunity to combine the superior performance of natural protein structures with the unnatural reactivity of transition-metal catalytic centers. Therefore, they provide the prospect of highly selective and active catalytic chemical conversions for which natural enzymes are unavailable. Herein, we show how by rationally combining robust site-specific phosphine bioconjugation methods and a lipid-binding protein (SCP-2L), an artificial rhodium hydroformylase was developed that displays remarkable activities and selectivities for the biphasic production of long-chain linear aldehydes under benign aqueous conditions. Overall, this study demonstrates that judiciously chosen protein-binding scaffolds can be adapted to obtain metalloenzymes that provide the reactivity of the introduced metal center combined with specifically intended product selectivity.
Relations between Structure, Activity and Stability in C3N4 Based Photocatalysts Used for Solar Hydrogen Production
Creators: name: Sivasankaran, Ramesh P.
name: Rockstroh, Nils
name: Hollmann, Dirk
name: Kreyenschulte, Carsten R.
name: Agostini, Giovanni
name: Lund, Henrik
name: Acharjya, Amitava
name: Rabeah, Jabor
name: Bentrup, Ursula
name: Junge, Henrik
name: Thomas, Arne
name: Brückner, Angelika
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: AgIn5S8
subject: C3N4
subject: In situ-EPR
subject: Photocatalytic hydrogen production
subject: TEM
subject: XPS
subject: 540

description: Solar hydrogen production from water could be a sustainable and environmentally friendly alternative to fossil energy carriers, yet so far photocatalysts active and stable enough for large-scale applications are not available, calling for advanced research efforts. In this work, H2 evolution rates of up to 1968 and 5188 μmol h−1 g−1 were obtained from aqueous solutions of triethanolamine (TEOA) and oxalic acid (OA), respectively, by irradiating composites of AgIn5S8 (AIS), mesoporous C3N4 (CN, surface area >150 m2/g) and ≤2 wt.% in-situ photodeposited Pt nanoparticles (NPs) with UV-vis (≥300 nm) and pure visible light (≥420 nm). Structural properties and electron transport in these materials were analyzed by XRD, STEM-HAADF, XPS, UV-vis-DRS, ATR-IR, photoluminescence and in situ-EPR spectroscopy. Initial H2 formation rates were highest for Pt/CN, yet with TEOA this catalyst deactivated by inclusion of Pt NPs in the matrix of CN (most pronounced at λ ≥ 300 nm) while it remained active with OA, since in this case Pt NPs were enriched on the outermost surface of CN. In Pt/AIS-CN catalysts, Pt NPs were preferentially deposited on the surface of the AIS phase which prevents them from inclusion in the CN phase but reduces simultaneously the initial H2 evolution rate. This suggests that AIS hinders transport of separated electrons from the CN conduction band to Pt NPs but retains the latter accessible by protons to produce H2.
Leptogenesis scenarios for natural SUSY with mixed axion-higgsino dark matter
Creators: name: Bae, Kyu Jung
name: Baer, Howard
name: Serce, Hasan
name: Zhang, Yi-Fan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supersymmetric models with radiatively-driven electroweak naturalness require light higgsinos of mass ~ 100-300 GeV. Naturalness in the QCD sector is invoked via the Peccei-Quinn (PQ) axion leading to mixed axion-higgsino dark matter. The SUSY DFSZ axion model provides a solution to the SUSY mu problem and the Little Hierarchy μ<< m_{3/2} may emerge as a consequence of a mismatch between PQ and hidden sector mass scales. The traditional gravitino problem is now augmented by the axino and saxion problems, since these latter particles can also contribute to overproduction of WIMPs or dark radiation, or violation of BBN constraints. We compute regions of the T_R vs. m_{3/2} plane allowed by BBN, dark matter and dark radiation constraints for various PQ scale choices f_a. These regions are compared to the values needed for thermal leptogenesis, non-thermal leptogenesis, oscillating sneutrino leptogenesis and Affleck-Dine leptogenesis. The latter three are allowed in wide regions of parameter space for PQ scale f_a~ 10^{10}-10^{12} GeV which is also favored by naturalness: f_a~ \sqrt{μM_P/λ_μ}\sim 10^{10}-10^{12} GeV. These f_a values correspond to axion masses somewhat above the projected ADMX search regions.
description: 25 pages with 14 .png figures
Data extracted from the Implications for Research sections of reviews from two Cochrane Review Groups
Creators: name: Treweek, Shaun
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Data extracted from the Implications for Research section of reviews from two Cochrane Review Groups

description: Examination of the Implications for Research in reviews published by the Cochrane Schizophrenia and Multiple Sclerosis Review Groups
Convenient and General Zinc-Catalyzed Borylation of Aryl Diazonium Salts and Aryltriazenes under Mild Conditions
Creators: name: Qi, Xinxin
name: Jiang, Li-Bing
name: Zhou, Chao
name: Peng, Jin-Bao
name: Wu, Xiao-Feng
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH-Verl.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: arylboronates
subject: aryldiazonium salts
subject: aryltriazenes
subject: borylation
subject: zinc catalysis
subject: 540

description: A convenient and general zinc-catalyzed borylation of aryl diazonium salts and aryltriazenes has been developed. With bis- (pinacolato)diboron as the borylation reagent, aryldiazonium tetrafluoroborate salts and aryltriazenes were transformed into the corresponding arylboronates in moderate to excellent yields under mild conditions. As a convenient and practical methodology, no additional ligands, base, or any other additives are required here.
Synthesis of C2-Symmetric Diphosphormonoamidites and Their Use as Ligands in Rh-Catalyzed Hydroformylation: Relationships between Activity and Hydrolysis Stability
Creators: name: Morales Torres, Galina
name: Behrens, Stephan
name: Michalik, Dirk
name: Selent, Detlef
name: Spannenberg, Anke
name: Lühr, Susan
name: Dyballa, Katrin Marie
name: Franke, Robert
name: Börner, Armin
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH-Verl.
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: diphosphoramidites
subject: hydroformylation
subject: regioselectivity
subject: rhodium
subject: structure–activity relationships
subject: 540

description: A series of diphosphoramidites has been synthetized with a piperazine, homopiperazine, and an acyclic 1,2-diamine unit in the backbone. New compounds were tested alongside related N-acyl phosphoramidites as ligands in the Rh-catalyzed hydroformylation of n-octenes to investigate their influence on the activity and regioselectivity. A subsequent study of their hydrolysis stability revealed that the most stable ligands induced the highest activity in the catalytic reaction.
Pseudoryssomus Gordon 1974
Creators: name: Almeida, Lúcia M.
name: Santos, Paula B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Coccinellidae
Pseudoryssomus

description: Pseudoryssomus Gordon, 1974
Pseudoryssomus Gordon, 1974: 149 –153 (original description; morphological details); Almeida & Lima, 1995: 702 (key).
Type species: Pseudoryssomus formosus Gordon, 1974.
Diagnosis. Oryssomini with antenna 10-segmented; all tibiae widened, flattened, angulated on external margin near base; postcoxal line complete; female genitalia with genital plate elongate; spermatheca simple, curved. For more details see Gordon (1974).
description: Published as part of Almeida, Lúcia M. & Santos, Paula B., 2014, Synopsis of Oryssomini Gordon (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) from the Neotropical region with new species of Oryssomus Mulsant, Pseudoryssomus Gordon and Gordonoryssomus Almeida & Lima, pp. 42-68 in Zootaxa 3846 (1) on page 52, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/250860
A Device for Vibrotactile Stimulus Delivery in Magnetic Environments
Creators: name: Kirsch, Bryan
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biomedical engineering

description: Currently, the most accurate and precise method to deliver a vibrotactile stimulus is via the use of a voice coil actuator (VCA). Because the VCA uses a coil of wire contained in a magnetic field, this system cannot be used in imaging systems that rely on the use of magnetic fields. Thus, an alternative device is needed that can be used to deliver tactile stimuli in magnetic fields such as those generated by Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and Magnetoencephalography (MEG) systems. For this reason, a novel stimulus device was designed to deliver vibrotactile stimuli with variable amplitudes (up to 2mm peak-to-peak) and frequencies (ranging from 25Hz up to 200Hz) as these are the optimal stimuli for evoking activity in somatosensory cortex. To accomplish this, a system using a high-voltage op-amp and piezoelectric actuator was designed to deliver precise and accurate stimuli to the skin without being impacted by the surrounding magnetic field. Additionally, the device was designed with the intention of keeping all sensitive electronics at a safe distance from the magnetic imaging systems.
Ontology-Based Representation for Accessible OpenCourseWare Systems
Creators: name: Elias, Mirette
name: Lohmann, Steffen
name: Auer, Sören
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI Publ.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: ACCESSIBLE
subject: IMS AfA
subject: OCW
subject: Ontologies
subject: OpenCourseWare
subject: Web accessibility
subject: 004

description: OpenCourseWare (OCW) systems have been established to provide open educational resources that are accessible by anyone, including learners with special accessibility needs and preferences. We need to find a formal and interoperable way to describe these preferences in order to use them in OCW systems and retrieve relevant educational resources. This formal representation should use standard accessibility definitions of OCW that can be reused by other OCW systems to represent accessibility concepts. In this article, we present an ontology to represent the accessibility needs of learners with respect to the IMS AfA specifications. The ontology definitions together with rule-based queries are used to retrieve relevant educational resources. Related to this, we developed a user interface component that enables users to create accessibility profiles representing their individual needs and preferences based on our ontology. We evaluated the approach with five examples profiles.
Like-likes-Like: Cooperative Hydrogen Bonding Overcomes Coulomb Repulsion in Cationic Clusters with Net Charges up to Q=+6e
Creators: name: Niemann, Thomas
name: Stange, Peter
name: Strate, Anne
name: Ludwig, Ralf
Publisher: name: Weinheim : Wiley-VCH Verl.
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: hydrogen bonding
subject: ionic bonding
subject: natural bond orbital analysis
subject: spectroscopy
subject: theoretical chemistry
subject: 540

description: Quantum chemical calculations have been employed to study kinetically stable cationic clusters, wherein the monovalent cations are trapped by hydrogen bonding despite strongly repulsive electrostatic forces. We calculated linear and cyclic clusters of the hydroxy-functionalized cation N-(3-hydroxypropyl) pyridinium, commonly used as cation in ionic liquids. The largest kinetically stable cluster was a cyclic hexamer that very much resembles the structural motifs of molecular clusters, as known for water and alcohols. Surprisingly, strong cooperative hydrogen bonds overcome electrostatic repulsion and result in cationic clusters with a high net charge up to Q=+6e. The structural, spectroscopic, and electronic signatures of the cationic and related molecular clusters of 3-phenyl-1-propanol could be correlated to NBO parameters, supporting the existence of “anti-electrostatic” hydrogen bonds (AEHB), as recently suggested by Weinhold. We also showed that dispersion forces enhance the cationic cluster formation and compensate the electrostatic repulsion of one additional positive charge.
Human health risk evaluation of a microwave-driven atmospheric plasma jet as medical device
Creators: name: Lehmann, A.
name: Pietag, F.
name: Arnold, T.
Publisher: name: Amsterdam [u.a.] : Elsevier
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric plasma
subject: Plasma medicine
subject: 610

description: Purpose: The aim of this study was the characterisation of a microwave-driven atmospheric plasma jet (APJ) dedicated for medical applications. The scientific focus includes harmless sterilization of surfaces and therapeutic treatments in dentistry. Methodes: The plasma was investigated with respect to potential health risks for human beings, which could occur especially by the gas temperature, heat flow, patient leakage current, UV emission and ozone emission from the plasma jet, according to DIN SPEC 91315:2014-06 (General requirements for plasma sources in medicine) [1]. Results: The results of the experiments indicate a high potential of the plasma jet to be used as a medical device exhibiting low gas temperatures up to 34 °C. The calculated leakage currents are mostly below the 10 μA threshold. The limiting UV exposure duration for the APJ with a calculated maximum effective irradiance of 2.6 μW/cm2 is around 19 min, based on the exposure limits of the international commission on non-ionizing radiation protection guidelines (ICNIRP) [2]. A significant ozone concentration was observed mainly in the axial effluent gas flow. Ozone concentration strongly decreases with increasing distance from the plasma source exit nozzle. Conclusion: The investigated APJ exhibits physical properties that might not constitute health risks to humans, e.g. during treatment in dentistry. Thus, the APJ shows a high potential for application as a device in dental therapy.
Curating Scientific Information in Knowledge Infrastructures
Creators: name: Stocker, Markus
name: Paasonen, Pauli
name: Fiebig, Markus
name: Zaidan, Martha A.
name: Hardisty, Alex
Publisher: name: Paris : CODATA
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Data interpretation
subject: Data science
subject: Data use
subject: Environmental knowledge infrastructures
subject: Environmental research infrastructures
subject: Informatics
subject: Linked data
subject: Semantic information
subject: 500

description: Interpreting observational data is a fundamental task in the sciences, specifically in earth and environmental science where observational data are increasingly acquired, curated, and published systematically by environmental research infrastructures. Typically subject to substantial processing, observational data are used by research communities, their research groups and individual scientists, who interpret such primary data for their meaning in the context of research investigations. The result of interpretation is information—meaningful secondary or derived data—about the observed environment. Research infrastructures and research communities are thus essential to evolving uninterpreted observational data to information. In digital form, the classical bearer of information are the commonly known “(elaborated) data products,” for instance maps. In such form, meaning is generally implicit e.g., in map colour coding, and thus largely inaccessible to machines. The systematic acquisition, curation, possible publishing and further processing of information gained in observational data interpretation—as machine readable data and their machine readable meaning—is not common practice among environmental research infrastructures. For a use case in aerosol science, we elucidate these problems and present a Jupyter based prototype infrastructure that exploits a machine learning approach to interpretation and could support a research community in interpreting observational data and, more importantly, in curating and further using resulting information about a studied natural phenomenon.
Related carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella isolates detected in both a hospital and associated aquatic environment in Sweden
Creators: name: Khan, Faisal Ahmad
name: Hellmark, Bengt
name: Ehricht, Ralf
name: Söderquist, Bo
name: Jass, Jana
Publisher: name: Berlin ; Heidelberg ; New York : Springer
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Antimicrobial resistance
subject: Carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae
subject: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase
subject: Klebsiella oxytoca
subject: Klebsiella pneumoniae
subject: Multidrug resistance
subject: 610

description: Carbapenem antibiotics are one of the last-resort agents against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. The occurrence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) in wastewater and aquatic environments is an indication of MDR bacteria in the community. This study evaluated CPE in aquatic environments and compared them to the local hospital isolates in Sweden. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses of antibiotic resistance of environmental and clinical CPE were performed. The relatedness of the isolates and possible clonal dissemination was evaluated using phylogenetic and phyloproteomic analysis. Klebsiella oxytoca carrying carbapenemase genes (blaVIM-1, blaIMP-29) were isolated from wastewater and the recipient river, while K. oxytoca (blaVIM-1) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (blaVIM-1, blaOXA-48, blaNDM-1, blaKPC-3) were isolated from patients at the local clinics or hospital. The K. oxytoca classified as sequence type 172 (ST172) isolated from the river was genotypically related to two clinical isolates recovered from patients. The similarity between environmental and clinical isolates suggests the dispersion of blaVIM-1 producing K. oxytoca ST172 from hospital to aquatic environment and the likelihood of its presence in the community. This is the first report of CPE in aquatic environments in Sweden; therefore, surveillance of aquatic and hospital environments for CPE in other urban areas is important to determine the major transfer routes in order to formulate strategies to prevent the spread of MDR bacteria.
A Brief Review of New Fiber Microsphere Geometries
Creators: name: Delgado Gomes, André
name: Silva Monteiro, Catarina
name: Silveira, Beatriz
name: Frazão, Orlando
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Fabry-Perot interferometer
subject: Microsphere
subject: Optical fiber sensors
subject: Random signal
subject: 530

description: A brief review of new fiber microsphere geometries is presented. Simple microspheres working as Fabry–Perot cavities are interrogated in reflection and in transmission. Two microspheres were also spliced together, and subjected to different physical parameters. These structures are an alternative solution for load measurement and, when read in transmission, it is also possible to apply strain. Moreover, the structure is capable of being used under extreme ambient temperatures up to 900 °C. Random signal in cleaved microspheres was demonstrated with the possibility of using it for random laser or sensing applications. All this work was developed at the Centre for Applied Photonics, INESC TEC.
Ruling out the light WIMP explanation of the galactic 511 keV line
Creators: name: Wilkinson, Ryan J.
name: Vincent, Aaron C.
name: Boehm, Celine
name: McCabe, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Over the past few decades, an anomalous 511 keV gamma-ray line has been observed from the centre of the Milky Way. Dark matter (DM) in the form of light weakly interacting massive particles (WIMPs) annihilating into electron-positron pairs has been one of the leading hypotheses of the observed emission. Given the small required cross section, a further coupling to lighter particles is required to produce the correct relic density. Here, we derive constraints from the Planck satellite on light WIMPs that were in equilibrium with either the neutrino or electron sector in the early universe. For the neutrino sector, we obtain a lower bound on the WIMP mass of 4 MeV for a real scalar and 10 MeV for a Dirac fermion DM particle, at 95% CL. For the electron sector, we find even stronger bounds of 7 and 11 MeV, respectively. Using these results, we show that, in the absence of additional ingredients such as dark radiation, the light thermally produced WIMP explanation of the 511 keV excess is strongly disfavoured by the latest cosmological data. This suggests an unknown astrophysical or more exotic DM source of the signal.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures. v3: Matches version in PRD
Evolution of high-temperature superconductivity from low-Tc phase tuned by carrier concentration in FeSe thin flakes
Creators: name: Lei, B.
name: Cui, J. H.
name: Xiang, Z. J.
name: Shang, C.
name: Wang, N. Z.
name: Ye, G. J.
name: Luo, X. G.
name: Wu, T.
name: Sun, Z.
name: Chen, X. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In contrast to bulk FeSe superconductor, heavily electron-doped FeSe-derived superconductors show relatively high Tc without hole Fermi surfaces and nodal superconducting gap structure, which pose great challenges on pairing theories in the iron-based superconductors. In the heavily electron-doped FeSe-based superconductors, the dominant factors and the exact working mechanism that is responsible for the high Tc need to be clarified. In particular, a clean control of carrier concentration remains to be a challenge for revealing how superconductivity and Fermi surface topology evolves with carrier concentration in bulk FeSe. Here, we report the evolution of superconductivity in the FeSe thin flake with systematically regulated carrier concentrations by liquid-gating technique. High-temperature superconductivity at 48 K can be achieved only with electron doping tuned by gate voltage in FeSe thin flake with Tc less than 10 K. This is the first time to achieve such a high temperature superconductivity in FeSe without either epitaxial interface or external pressure. It definitely proves that the simple electron-doping process is able to induce high-temperature superconductivity with Tc as high as 48 K in bulk FeSe. Intriguingly, our data also indicates that the superconductivity is suddenly changed from low-Tc phase to high-Tc phase with a Lifshitz transition at certain carrier concentration. These results help us to build a unified picture to understand the high-temperature superconductivity among all FeSe-derived superconductors and shed light on further pursuit of higher Tc in these materials.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Selective area growth of AlGaN nanopyramid arrays on graphene by metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy
Creators: name: Munshi, A. Mazid
name: Kim, Dong-Chul
name: Heimdal, Carl Philip
name: Heilmann, Martin
name: Christiansen, Silke H.
name: Vullum, Per Erik
name: Van Helvoort, Antonius T. J.
name: Weman, Helge
Publisher: name: Melville, NY : American Inst. of Physics
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Aluminum alloys
subject: Aluminum gallium nitride
subject: Gallium alloys
subject: Graphene
subject: III-V semiconductors
subject: Lattice mismatch
subject: Nitrides
subject: Optoelectronic devices
subject: Organometallics
subject: Semiconductor alloys
subject: Substrates
subject: Thermal expansion
subject: Van der Waals forces
subject: Whispering gallery modes
subject: Wide band gap semiconductors
subject: 530

description: Wide-bandgap group III-nitride semiconductors are of special interest for applications in ultraviolet light emitting diodes, photodetectors, and lasers. However, epitaxial growth of high-quality III-nitride semiconductors on conventional single-crystalline substrates is challenging due to the lattice mismatch and differences in the thermal expansion coefficients. Recently, it has been shown that graphene, a two-dimensional material, can be used as a substrate for growing high-quality III-V semiconductors via quasi-van der Waals epitaxy and overcome the named challenges. Here, we report selective area growth of AlGaN nanopyramids on hole mask patterned single-layer graphene using metal-organic vapor phase epitaxy. The nanopyramid bases have a hexagonal shape with a very high nucleation yield. After subsequent AlGaN/GaN/AlGaN overgrowth on the six {10 (1) over bar1} semi-polar side facets of the nanopyramids, intense room-temperature cathodoluminescence emission is observed at 365 nm with whispering gallery-like modes. This work opens up a route for achieving III-nitride opto-electronic devices on graphene substrates in the ultraviolet region for future applications.
Integrated Energy System Optimization Based on Standardized Matrix Modeling Method
Creators: name: Li, Jingchao
name: Ying, Yulong
name: Lou, Xingdan
name: Fan, Juanjuan
name: Chen, Yunlongyu
name: Bi, Dongyuan
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Bladder cancer
subject: K-nearest neighbor classification (kNN)
subject: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)
subject: Principal component analysis (PCA)
subject: Raman spectroscopy (RS)
subject: 600

description: Aiming at the optimization of an integrated energy system, a standardized matrix modeling method and optimization method for an integrated energy system is proposed. Firstly, from the perspective of system engineering, the energy flow between energy conversion devices is used as a state variable to deal with nonlinear problems caused by the introduction of scheduling factors, and a standardized matrix model of the integrated energy system is constructed. Secondly, based on the proposed model, the structural optimization (i.e., energy flow structure and equipment type), design optimization (i.e., equipment capacity and quantity), and operation optimization for the integrated energy system can be achieved. The simulation case studies have shown that the proposed integrated energy system standardized matrix modeling method and optimization method are both simple and efficient, and can be effectively used to decide the system components and their interconnections, and the technical characteristics and daily operating strategy of the system components.
Microparticle Manipulation and Imaging through a Self-Calibrated Liquid Crystal on Silicon Display
Creators: name: Zhang, Haolin
name: Lizana, Angel
name: Van Eeckhout, Albert
name: Turpin, Alex
name: Ramirez, Claudio
name: Iemmi, Claudio
name: Campos, Juan
Publisher: name: Basel : MDPI
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Calibration
subject: Diffractive optics
subject: Holography
subject: Liquid Crystal on Silicon display
subject: Optical manipulation
subject: Phase modulation
subject: 600

description: We present in this paper a revision of three different methods we conceived in the framework of liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS) display optimization and application. We preliminarily demonstrate an LCoS self-calibration technique, from which we can perform a complete LCoS characterization. In particular, two important characteristics of LCoS displays are retrieved by using self-addressed digital holograms. On the one hand, we determine its phase-voltage curve by using the interference pattern generated by a digital two-sectorial split-lens configuration. On the other hand, the LCoS surface profile is also determined by using a self-addressed dynamic micro-lens array pattern. Second, the implementation of microparticle manipulation through optical traps created by an LCoS display is demonstrated. Finally, an LCoS display based inline (IL) holographic imaging system is described. By using the LCoS display to implement a double-sideband filter configuration, this inline architecture demonstrates the advantage of obtaining dynamic holographic imaging of microparticles independently of their spatial positions by avoiding the non-desired conjugate images.
Small-scale aid's contribution to long-term tsunami recovery
Creators: name: Nelson, Stephanie Caves
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: The December 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami was followed by a "second tsunami" of international development aid that has subsequently become part of the economic and social fabric of southern Thailand. This research examines the contribution of small-scale international aid efforts toward long-term recovery through the engagement with the tourism sector in the Phang Nga province of Thailand. Two case studies provide insight into how international aid organizations envision economic recovery, how they engage with and impact the local community, and finally how they challenge current models for recovery.
How to minimize dye-induced perturbations while studying biomembrane structure and dynamics: PEG linkers as a rational alternative
Creators: name: Mobarak, Edouard
name: Javanainen, Matti
name: Kulig, Waldemar
name: Honigmann, Alf
name: Sezgin, Erdinc
name: Aho, Noora
name: Eggeling, Christian
name: Rog, Tomasz
name: Vattulainen, Ilpo
Publisher: name: Amsterdam : Elsevier
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Atomistic simulation
subject: Fluorescent probe
subject: Lipid membrane
subject: Molecular dynamics simulation
subject: PEG linker
subject: Super-resolution microscopy
subject: 570

description: Organic dye-tagged lipid analogs are essential for many fluorescence-based investigations of complex membrane structures, especially when using advanced microscopy approaches. However, lipid analogs may interfere with membrane structure and dynamics, and it is not obvious that the properties of lipid analogs would match those of non-labeled host lipids. In this work, we bridged atomistic simulations with super-resolution imaging experiments and biomimetic membranes to assess the performance of commonly used sphingomyelin-based lipid analogs. The objective was to compare, on equal footing, the relative strengths and weaknesses of acyl chain labeling, headgroup labeling, and labeling based on poly-ethyl-glycol (PEG) linkers in determining biomembrane properties. We observed that the most appropriate strategy to minimize dye-induced membrane perturbations and to allow consideration of Brownian-like diffusion in liquid-ordered membrane environments is to decouple the dye from a membrane by a PEG linker attached to a lipid headgroup. Yet, while the use of PEG linkers may sound a rational and even an obvious approach to explore membrane dynamics, the results also suggest that the dyes exploiting PEG linkers interfere with molecular interactions and their dynamics. Overall, the results highlight the great care needed when using fluorescent lipid analogs, in particular accurate controls.