cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
BioExcel Webinar #4 - Mutation free energy calculations with PMX
Creators: name: de Groot, Bert
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: webinar

description: The free energy is a central thermodynamic quantity that determines the direction of spontaneous processes. As such, they define binding affinities (association free energies) or stabilities (folding free energies). The calculation of free energies from molecular dynamics simulations has come of age and nowadays reaches remarkable accuracies, routinely achieving quantitative or semi-quantitative agreement with experimental data. One important branch of free energy calculations involve alchemical transformations such as the annihilation of particles or the mutation of
 amino acids. A challenging aspect of these calculations is the creation of associated molecular topologies. pmx provides an automated framework for the introduction of amino acid mutations in proteins. Several state of the art force fields are supported that can be used in the gromacs molecular dynamics package. An introduction into pmx installation, design and usage will be presented, along with a set of benchmark applications that illustrates its use in the prediction of mutation free energies.
title: “No era razón traerme hecho esclavo”: Pleitos por la libertad de indígenas americanos en la España del siglo XVI
Creators: name: Lillo Castañ, Víctor
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Entre 1542 y 1543, la corona española aprobó las Leyes Nuevas, un conjunto de disposiciones que prohibían esclavizar a los indígenas americanos. Estas leyes tuvieron efecto no solo en América sino también en España, donde a mediados del siglo XVI residían varios miles de indígenas esclavizados, algunos de los cuales decidieron acudir a los tribunales para luchar legalmente por su libertad. La presente nota estudia este tipo de pleitos a partir de un caso de estudio localizado en el Archivo de Indias (Sevilla).
description: Legal History Insights
NotePlayer: Engaging Jupyter Notebooks for Dynamic Presentation of Analytical Processes
Creators: name: Ouyang, Yang
name: Shen, Leixian
name: Wang, Yun
name: Li, Quan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Diverse presentation formats play a pivotal role in effectively conveying code and analytical processes during data analysis. One increasingly popular format is tutorial videos, particularly those based on Jupyter notebooks, which offer an intuitive interpretation of code and vivid explanations of analytical procedures. However, creating such videos requires a diverse skill set and significant manual effort, posing a barrier for many analysts. To bridge this gap, we introduce an innovative tool called NotePlayer, which connects notebook cells to video segments and incorporates a computational engine with language models to streamline video creation and editing. Our aim is to make the process more accessible and efficient for analysts. To inform the design of NotePlayer, we conducted a formative study and performed content analysis on a corpus of 38 Jupyter tutorial videos. This helped us identify key patterns and challenges encountered in existing tutorial videos, guiding the development of NotePlayer. Through a combination of a usage scenario and a user study, we validated the effectiveness of NotePlayer. The results show that the tool streamlines the video creation and facilitates the communication process for data analysts.
description: 20 pages, UIST 2024
LessonPlanner: Assisting Novice Teachers to Prepare Pedagogy-Driven Lesson Plans with Large Language Models
Creators: name: Fan, Haoxiang
name: Chen, Guanzheng
name: Wang, Xingbo
name: Peng, Zhenhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Preparing a lesson plan, e.g., a detailed road map with strategies and materials for instructing a 90-minute class, is beneficial yet challenging for novice teachers. Large language models (LLMs) can ease this process by generating adaptive content for lesson plans, which would otherwise require teachers to create from scratch or search existing resources. In this work, we first conduct a formative study with six novice teachers to understand their needs for support of preparing lesson plans with LLMs. Then, we develop LessonPlanner that assists users to interactively construct lesson plans with adaptive LLM-generated content based on Gagne's nine events. Our within-subjects study (N=12) shows that compared to the baseline ChatGPT interface, LessonPlanner can significantly improve the quality of outcome lesson plans and ease users' workload in the preparation process. Our expert interviews (N=6) further demonstrate LessonPlanner's usefulness in suggesting effective teaching strategies and meaningful educational resources. We discuss concerns on and design considerations for supporting teaching activities with LLMs.
description: 20 pages
A modified approach to the design of robust speed and position control of servo drives
Creators: name: Brock, Stefan
name: Deskur, Jan
name: Zawirski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 80309 Software Engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Engineering

description: In the paper a robust control of position servodrives is analysed. A modified approach to design robust speed and position controller is proposed, which leads to a trajectory of motion invariant to load torque and system parameters variations The proposed controller structure consists of nonlinear controller of position, speed and acceleration and optional sliding mode controller, operating with reference model. Simple formulas for controller settings, given in the paper, ensure good robustness even if roughly estimated system parameters are used. Performed experimental investigations verified theoretical results and prove good quality of control.
Governments' Role in Pricing Fluid Milk in the United States
Creators: name: , Economic
name: , Economic
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report: Government participation in pricing fluid milk was widely inaugurated in the early 1930's. A number of States enacted legislation to stabilize milk markets in an attempt to raise milk prices. The Federal Government entered fluid milk pricing following passage of the Agricultural Adjustment Act of 1933. The system of Federal milk orders has been steadily expanding for more than a quarter century. There were 17 milk orders in 1940, and in 1950, there were 39. By 1962, the number had increased to 83. Consolidation of several orders and termination of 2 orders reduced the number to 76 on March 1, 1965. As of this date, 20 States had laws authorizing the establishment of milk prices. In addition, a number of States without milk control laws are indirectly affecting milk prices through regulation of such trade practices as those relating to selling products below cost, price discrimination, granting discounts, or rebates. Most States with milk pricing regulations regulate trade practices to obtain compliance with resale prices. The influence of Federal and State milk pricing activities goes well beyond the areas actually controlled. About 90 percent of the milk meeting the sanitary eligibility standards for fluid use is priced under either Federal milk orders or State milk control laws. However, fluid milk prices in many markets not covered by Federal or State measures are influenced by prices established in areas under government control.
description: Reprinted from the Dairy Situation, DS-305, May 1965, by the Economic and Statistical Analysis Division, Economic Research Service.
title: Die mündliche Prüfung in den juristischen Staatsexamina: Diskriminierungspotentiale und ungenutzter Handlungsspielraum
Creators: name: Meinhof, Rahel
name: Wittmann, Laura
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 340

description: Rechts|Empirie: Legal Empirics in Europe
One Size Does Not Fit All
Creators: name: Lovin, Kristen
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: Recent Federal Circuit case law has taken an aggressive stance towards establishing jurisdiction over state law claims, finding that questions concerning hypothetical patents are sufficiently “substantial” to warrant federal jurisdiction over quintessential state law issues. Several district courts and one Federal Circuit panel have challenged this approach as excessively expansive, encouraging a reimportation of 1331’s “substantial question” formulation into 1338. This paper argues that a direct importation of 1331 substantiality is not appropriate in the patent context because history does not require a direct import, policy considerations suggest that 1331 and 1338 jurisdiction differ in important ways, and direct importation raises several pragmatic concerns. Instead, an approach that draws from the original basis of 1338’s “substantial question of federal patent law” test and then incorporates selected aspects of 1331 substantiality is more appropriate.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 14 No 1: 2012-2013
The Inexhaustible Right to Exclude Reproduction Doctrine
Creators: name: Rogers, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: The seed industry uses the combination of patent law and contract law to limit the use of patented seeds placed into the stream of commerce. This practice implicates both patent exhaustion and patent misuse. With respect to patent exhaustion, there is a dilemma: how to protect patent owners with self-replicating products while maintaining the principle of patent exhaustion. In Bowman, the Supreme Court offered a solution to the dilemma by creating a new technology-specific doctrine of patent exhaustion: the ‘inexhaustible right to exclude reproduction.’ This new doctrine simply sets the confines of the patent grant to include reproduction of an organism as infringing upon the patentee’s right to make and largely fulfills the goals of patent exhaustion and patent misuse. However, the inexhaustible right to exclude reproduction doctrine creates patent rights that move forever with self-replicating products based on how the product is used. These property restrictions that ‘run with the seeds’ might catch the unwary downstream user, inhibit trade and add transaction costs. The creation of inexhaustible patent infringement liabilities with regard to patented organisms currently results in little harm to the public. However, as the volume of sales of patented organisms increases, this doctrine will pressure downstream users to expend increasing efforts in considering patent rights before acquiring any self-replicating property for the purpose of reproduction.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 14 No 2: 2012-2013
Reduced-Rank Estimation for Ill-Conditioned Stochastic Linear Model with High Signal-to-Noise Ratio
Creators: name: Piotrowski, Tomasz
name: Yamada, Isao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reduced-rank approach has been used for decades in robust linear estimation of both deterministic and random vector of parameters in linear model y=Hx+\sqrt{epsilon}n. In practical settings, estimation is frequently performed under incomplete or inexact model knowledge, which in the stochastic case significantly increases mean-square-error (MSE) of an estimate obtained by the linear minimum mean-square-error (MMSE) estimator, which is MSE-optimal among linear estimators in the theoretical case of perfect model knowledge. However, the improved performance of reduced-rank estimators over MMSE estimator in estimation under incomplete or inexact model knowledge has been established to date only by means of numerical simulations and arguments indicating that the reduced-rank approach may provide improved performance over MMSE estimator in certain settings. In this paper we focus on the high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) case, which has not been previously considered as a natural area of application of reduced-rank estimators. We first show explicit sufficient conditions under which familiar reduced-rank MMSE and truncated SVD estimators achieve lower MSE than MMSE estimator if singular values of array response matrix H are perturbed. We then extend these results to the case of a generic perturbation of array response matrix H, and demonstrate why MMSE estimator frequently attains higher MSE than reduced-rank MMSE and truncated SVD estimators if H is ill-conditioned. The main results of this paper are verified in numerical simulations.
Intellectual Property Landscape of Material Sustainability Standards
Creators: name: Contreras, Jorge L.
name: MacManis, Charles R.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: One of the most significant factors affecting building sustainability is the sustainability of the materials used in construction. This recognition has led to the emergence of a broad range of advanced new building materials, many of which are claimed to address issues of sustainability either in their composition or the processes by which they are manufactured. The emergence of these new materials, as well as heightened public sensitivity to sustainability issues, have given rise to a burgeoning field of standards and certifications that purport to assess, measure and rate the sustainability of building materials ranging from structural elements such as masonry, drywall and flooring to interior design features such as carpeting, paint and furniture. As part of an ongoing research program to study and evaluate such materials sustainability standards (MSS), we conducted an in-depth study of nine selected MSS with to the goal of identifying intellectual property issues associated with each. These nine MSS and a summary of our observations concerning the intellectual property issues implicated by each is contained in this article. We found that the practices of manufacturers and standards development and certifying organizations in this field typically address copyright, trademark, and trade secret issues explicitly, but there is also a risk that patent issues will arise in the future.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 14 No 2: 2012-2013
The Use of Use for Patented Systems in a Single or Joint Infringement World
Creators: name: Wu, Dolly
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: Inventive technological systems for communications, networks, businesses, and manufacturing are advancing at breakneck speeds. And yet, U.S. patent laws are only beginning to catch up with and address the infringement of such patented systems. The standard for infringing “use” of a claimed system still requires further clarification, and there remain potential pitfalls for the patentee-plaintiff who asserts infringing “use.”
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 14 No 2: 2012-2013
Being Accountable is Smart: Navigating the Technical and Regulatory Landscape of AI-based Services for Power Grid
Creators: name: Volkova, Anna
name: Hatamian, Mahdieh
name: Anapyanova, Alina
name: de Meer, Hermann
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The emergence of artificial intelligence and digitization of the power grid introduced numerous effective application scenarios for AI-based services for the smart grid. Nevertheless, adopting AI in critical infrastructures presents challenges due to unclear regulations and lacking risk quantification techniques. Regulated and accountable approaches for integrating AI-based services into the smart grid could accelerate the adoption of innovative methods in daily practices and address society's general safety concerns. This paper contributes to this objective by defining accountability and highlighting its importance for AI-based services in the energy sector. It underlines the current shortcomings of the AI Act and proposes an approach to address these issues in a potential delegated act. The proposed technical approach for developing and operating accountable AI-based smart grid services allows for assessing different service life cycle phases and identifying related accountability risks.
description: Author's version of the paper for International Conference on Information Technology for Social Good (GoodIT '24), September 4--6, 2024, Bremen, Germany. It is posted here for your personal use. Not for redistribution
Ensuring the Integrity of Administrative Challenges to Patents
Creators: name: Mercado, Raymond A.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: As part of the most sweeping reform of patent law in 60 years, the America Invents Act (“AIA”) expanded administrative procedures for challenging patents, shifting more responsibility for adjudicating patent validity to the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office (“PTO”). Yet the PTO, which has limited experience administering full-blown adversarial proceedings and conducting discovery, is expected by many observers to encounter severe difficulties implementing the newly created proceedings—leaving them dangerously vulnerable to fraud and abuse. In an effort to ensure the integrity of the new proceedings, this article draws lessons from practitioners’ experience with existing patent reexamination processes. Reviewing the state of the discourse regarding the use and abuse of patent reexamination, and bringing to light hitherto ignored legislative history, the article offers the first empirical evidence concerning the nature and extent of misconduct in reexamination. Consistent with anecdotal evidence adduced in previous scholarship, data presented here from a survey of more than 100 patent practitioners reveal that 25.5% of respondents reported some form of misconduct on the part of those challenging patents in reexamination. Notably, these results are comparable to those reported in studies of misconduct in the courts, suggesting that significant levels of misbehavior at the PTO have gone undeterred and uncompensated by protections which, though available to other victims of sham litigation in the courts, are sorely lacking in the PTO context. Accordingly, it is argued that the integrity of the PTO’s administrative procedures can be ensured by a damages remedy, which would simultaneously deter misconduct and compensate patent owners when it does occur. A private right of action, this article contends, would incentivize those most attuned to impropriety (the patent owners) to come forward and take the lead in enforcing good conduct in administrative validity challenges, preserving scarce PTO resources. Strict pleading standards from the outset, among other things, can protect such a remedy from becoming a “plague” on legitimate use of opposition procedures in the way an unfettered inequitable conduct defense impaired the patent application process. The public interest in robust patent opposition procedures must be balanced with the patent owner’s right to reap the benefit of his property and the investment in research it represents.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 14 No 2: 2012-2013
Scientification of Politics or Politicization of Science
Creators: name: Lin, Ching-Fu
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2013

description: The proliferating food safety regulatory initiatives at domestic, international, and transnational levels by various actors with different perspectives have raised concerns for their important public health, international trade, and other implications. Standing as the hub of international food safety lawmaking, the Codex faces serious criticisms of its scientific soundness, legitimacy, transparency, and accountability. This paper explores the limits of Codex lawmaking structure and processes by examining whether its institutional design is adequate in terms of producing good governance. Food safety is an area of international law where political and cultural fragmentation collides with deep market integration and trade liberalization. Through a thorough analysis of the recent ractopamine dispute in the context of multilateral cooperation failure and the debates between technocracy and democracy models of legitimacy, this paper however emphasizes the forgotten role of procedural legitimacy in the current discourse, particularly mechanisms for avoiding conflicts of interest and fostering transparency.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 15 No 1: 2013-2014
title: #30 “Backlash”: Was bleibt von internationaler Rechtsprechung in Zeiten der Krise?
Creators: name: Tuchtfeld, Erik
name: Lischewski, Isabel
name: Hinselmann, Jan-Henrik
name: Eschenhagen, Philipp
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst für internationale und interdisziplinäre Rechtsforschung
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 341

description: Wenn Staaten internationale Gerichte missachten, wem oder was nützt ihre Rechtsprechung dann noch? Isabel Lischewski führt in das Gegenwartsphänomen des „Backlash“ gegen internationale Gerichtsbarkeit ein und verschafft einen Überblick über das – zur Veranschaulichung herangezogene – aktuelle Verfahren Allegations of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russische Föderation) vor dem Internationalen Gerichtshof (IGH) in Den Haag. Jan-Henrik Hinselmann spricht dann mit Andreas Kulick über das, was mindestens „bleibt“, selbst wenn internationale Rechtsprechung scheinbar verhallt. Theorie des Rechts, aber auch benachbarte Disziplinen, können helfen, für diese Fälle eine Sprache zu finden. Wir freuen uns über Lob, Anmerkungen und Kritik an ⁠podcast@voelkerrechtsblog.org⁠. Abonniert unseren Podcast ⁠via RSS⁠, über ⁠Spotify⁠ oder überall dort, wo es Podcasts gibt. Hintergrundinformationen: ⁠IGH⁠, ⁠Allegations of Genocide (Ukraine v. Russian Federation)⁠ Madsen et al, ⁠Backlash against international courts: explaining the forms and patterns of resistance to international courts⁠ Georges Abi-Saab, ⁠The International Judicial Function⁠ Charlesworth, ⁠International Law – A Discipline of Crisis⁠ Zarbiyev, ⁠On the Judge Centredness of the International Legal Self⁠ Moderation: ⁠Jan-Henrik Hinselmann, LL.M.⁠ (NYU) & ⁠Philipp Eschenhagen⁠ Grundlagen: ⁠Dr. Isabel Lischewski⁠ Interview: ⁠PD Dr. Andreas Kulick, LL.M.⁠ (NYU) (aktuell Lehrstuhlvertreter an der Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg) & ⁠Jan-Henrik Hinselmann, LL.M.⁠ (NYU) Schnitt: ⁠Daniela Rau⁠ Credits: Kirill Udovichenko, Representative of the Government of the Russian Federation in Allegations of Genocide, 1st Round of Oral Arguments by Russia, 18 September 2023 (⁠Recordings⁠ (Youtube); ⁠Transcript⁠) Kapitelmarken (02:15) Grundlagen (09:05) „Krise“ internationale Gerichtsbarkeit? (12:30) „Fixierung“ auf internationale Gerichte? (16:13) Effekte ignorierter internationaler Urteile I (anchoring; remedying) (25:55) Effekte ignorierter internationaler Urteile II (stabilizing; normalizing) (30:38) Interaktion kurz- und längerfristiger Effekte (33:22) „Außerrechtliche“ Anleihen für die Völkerrechtswissenschaft (37:10) Das Verhältnis von Theorie und Praxis im Völkerrecht (40:36) Nachgespräch
description: Völkerrechtsblog
Interplay of Traditional Methods and Machine Learning Algorithms for Tagging Boosted Objects
Creators: name: Bose, Camellia
name: Chakraborty, Amit
name: Chowdhury, Shreecheta
name: Dutta, Saunak
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interest in deep learning in collider physics has been growing in recent years, specifically in applying these methods in jet classification, anomaly detection, particle identification etc. Among those, jet classification using neural networks is one of the well-established areas. In this review, we discuss different tagging frameworks available to tag boosted objects, especially boosted Higgs boson and top quark, at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). Our aim is to study the interplay of traditional jet substructure based methods with the state-of-the-art machine learning ones. In this methodology, we would gain some interpretability of those machine learning methods, and which in turn helps to propose hybrid taggers relevant for tagging of those boosted objects belonging to both Standard Model (SM) and physics beyond the SM.
description: 35 pages, 13 figures, 1 table; Invited Review article, published in EPJ Special Topics
Sparse optimal control of a phase field system with singular potentials arising in the modeling of tumor growth
Creators: name: Sprekels, Jürgen
name: Tröltzsch, Fredi
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Sparse optimal control
subject: tumor growth models
subject: singular potentials
subject: optimality conditions
subject: 49J20
subject: 49K20
subject: 49K40
subject: 35K57
subject: 37N25

description: In this paper, we study an optimal control problem for a nonlinear system of reaction-diffusion equations that constitutes a simplified and relaxed version of a thermodynamically consistent phase field model for tumor growth originally introduced in [13]. The model takes the effect of chemotaxis into account but neglects velocity contributions. The unknown quantities of the governing state equations are the chemical potential, the (normalized) tumor fraction, and the nutrient extra-cellular water concentration. The equation governing the evolution of the tumor fraction is dominated by the variational derivative of a double-well potential which may be of singular (e.g., logarithmic) type. In contrast to the recent paper [10] on the same system, we consider in this paper sparsity effects, which means that the cost functional contains a nondifferentiable (but convex) contribution like the L1-norm. For such problems, we derive first-order necessary optimality conditions and conditions for directional sparsity, both with respect to space and time, where the latter case is of particular interest for practical medical applications in which the control variables are given by the administration of cytotoxic drugs or by the supply of nutrients. In addition to these results, we prove that the corresponding control-to-state operator is twice continuously differentiable between suitable Banach spaces, using the implicit function theorem. This result, which complements and sharpens a differentiability result derived in [10], constitutes a prerequisite for a future derivation of second-order sufficient optimality conditions.
The role of biomechanics in the formation and function of cardiac trabeculae in zebrafish embryonic hearts
Creators: name: Cairelli, Adriana Gaia
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Cardiac trabeculae are uneven ventricular muscular structures developing during early embryonic heart development at the outer ventricular curvature. The development of these structures is a mechanosensitive process, where specific forces are needed for the correct formation, and abnormal mechanical stimuli can lead to malformations and eventually embryonic death. It is important to understand the nature of the embryonic heart forces, both fluid and wall tissue stimuli, which were not well characterized. Fluid stimuli are very sensitive to fine-scale geometry and motion dynamics of the trabecular structures, and past studies have not provided sufficient considerations to these fine details. Similarly, cardiac wall tissue stresses are not well-investigated and it remains unclear if these structures can confer any biomechanical advantage to the cardiac function. The aim of this thesis is, thus, to improve our understanding of the biomechanics of cardiac trabeculae, to comprehend their role in the formation and function of the embryonic heart. My fluid-dynamics results showed that the squeezing motion of inter-trabecular spaces is the main mechanism responsible for endocardial wall shear stress (WSS) stimuli, but neither the WSS magnitude nor the oscillatory nature of WSS could distinguish the trabeculated and non-trabeculated regions in the ventricle: other factors on top of flow may be needed to stimulate trabecular formation. My solid-mechanics results suggest three functions for cardiac trabeculae: enhancing tissue deformability to facilitate cardiac pumping actions, countering high myocardial stresses with active tension while reducing myocardial stresses as structural support, and reducing spatial inhomogeneity of tissue stiffness. I further discovered that low myocardial stresses could prevent the formation of trabeculae, but drug-induced restoration of stresses can rescue their formation, suggesting the importance of tissue stresses to the formation of trabeculae. In conclusion, a complex multi-component consideration is needed to understand the biomechanics around the cardiac trabeculae in zebrafish embryonic hearts.
Assessment of the near-Sun magnetic field of the 10 March 2022 coronal mass ejection observed by Solar Orbiter
Creators: name: Koya, Shifana
name: Patsourakos, Spiros
name: Georgoulis, Manolis K.
name: Nindos, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the near-Sun axial magnetic field of a coronal mass ejection (CME) on 10 March 2022. Solar Orbiter's in situ measurements, 7.8 degrees east of the Sun-Earth line at 0.43 AU, provided a unique vantage point, along with the WIND measurements at 0.99 AU. We determine a single power-law index from near-Sun to L1, including in situ measurements from both vantage points. We tracked the temporal evolution of the instantaneous relative magnetic helicity of the source active region (AR), NOAA AR 12962. By estimating the helicity budget of the pre-and post-eruption AR, we estimated the helicity transported to the CME. Assuming a Lundquist flux-rope model and geometrical parameters obtained through the graduated cylindrical shell (GCS) CME forward modelling, we determined the CME axial magnetic field at a GCS-fitted height. Assuming a power-law variation of the axial magnetic field with heliocentric distance, we extrapolated the estimated near-Sun axial magnetic field to in situ measurements at 0.43 AU and 0.99 AU. The net helicity difference between the post-and pre-eruption AR is $(-7.1 \pm 1.2) \times 10^{41} \mathrm{Mx^{2}}$, which is assumed to be bodily transported to the CME. The estimated CME axial magnetic field at a near-Sun heliocentric distance of 0.03 AU is 2067 $\pm$ 405 nT. From 0.03 AU to L1, a single power-law falloff, including both vantage points at 0.43 AU and 0.99 AU, gives an index $-1.23 \pm 0.18$. We observed a significant decrease in the pre-eruptive AR helicity budget. Extending previous studies on inner-heliospheric intervals from 0.3 AU to $\sim$1 AU, referring to estimates from 0.03 AU to measurements at $\sim$1 AU. Our findings indicate a less steep decline in the magnetic field strength with distance compared to previous studies, but they align with studies that include near-Sun in situ magnetic field measurements, such as from Parker Solar Probe.
Gibberellic acid, chlorocholine chloride and yield increases in Zante currant
Creators: name: Considine, J. A.
name: El-Zeftawi, B. M.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: GA and CCC additively increased yield of Zante currant fruit. GA induced an increase in berry size (weight and volume) which was unaffected by CCC, while CCC offset to an appreciable extent the reduction in berry number associated with low concentrations of GA.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 2 (1971): Vitis
Nachweis von Abscisinsäure in Weinreben
Creators: name: Rapp, A.
name: Ziegler, A.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: Aus verschiedenen Teilen von Weinreben ließ sich eine Substanz isolieren, die im biologischen Test (Kressewurzel-Test, Koleoptilen-Test) starke Wachstumshemmung verursacht. Aufgrund der Rf-Werte in verschiedenen Fließmitteln, des Verhaltens im UV-Bereich sowie des IR- und Massenspektrums konnte die Verbindung einwandfrei als Abscisinsäure identifiziert werden. Die dünnschichtchromatographisch getrennte Absc isinsäure wurde durch Ermittlung der Absorption im UV-Bereich quantitativ bestimmt. Dabei zeigten sich zwischen den einzelnen Pflanzenteilen deutlit:he Unterschiede im AbscisinsäureGehalt. Bei Ruten fanden wir beispielsweise bis zu 716 γ Abscisinsäure auf 100 g Trockengewicht; im Blutungssaft konnten wir zwischen 7 und 34 γ Abscisinsäure nachweisen.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 2 (1971): Vitis
Endotrophic mycorrhiza and the nutrition of grape vines
Creators: name: Possingham, J. V.
name: Groot Obbink, J.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: The roots of grape vines collected from a number of different localities throughout the Australian continent were all infected with mycorrhiza of the vesiculararbuscular type. Similarly a range of Vitis species and hybrids and a number of V. vinifera cultivars all displayed microscopic evidence of mycorrhizal infection. The growth of vine seedlings in soils sterilized either by autoclaving or by gamma irradiation was less than in similar non-sterile soil. The vine seedlings in sterile soils were not infected with mycorrhiza while those in non sterile were. Normal growth of vine seedlings in sterile soils was obtained by inoculating them with vine roots infected with live mycorrhiza. lnoculatio!1 of vine seedlings grown in sterile soils with roots containing dead mycorrhiza (autoclaved) or with filtered soil suspensions does not stimulate their growth. The shoots of vine seedlings grown In nori-sterile soil or in sterile soils and inoculated with live mycorrhiza had a significantly higher phosphorus content than seedlings not infected with mycorrhiza. i:t is suggested that in many of the habitats in which vines are grown in Australia and in Europe vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhiza aids their nutrition.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 2 (1971): Vitis
Frame-filtered ghost imaging with a SPAD array used both as a multiple "bucket" detector and an imaging camera
Creators: name: Starovoitov, V. S.
name: Chizhevsky, V. N.
name: Mogilevtsev, D.
name: Smaliakou, A.
name: Perenzoni, M.
name: Gasparini, L.
name: Horoshko, D. B.
name: Kilin, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An approach to ghost imaging with a single SPAD array used simultaneously as a several-pixel "bucket" detector and an imaging camera is described. The key points of the approach are filtering data frames used for ghost-image reconstruction by the number of per-frame counts and superposing correlation images obtained for different "bucket" pixels. The imaging is performed in an experiment with a pseudo-thermal light source where the light intensity is so low that the dark counts have a noticeable effect on imaging. We demonstrate that the approach is capable to significantly reduce the destructive effect of dark counts on the ghost image and improve image contrast, spatial resolution, and image similarity to a reference image.
description: 11 pages, 11 figures, Copyright 2024 Optica Publishing Group. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited
Nature and occurence of yeasts in Haryana grapes and wines
Creators: name: Relan, S.
name: Vyas, S. R.
Publisher: name: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research
Year: 2017

description: More than one hundred isolates of yeasts were taken from juice, must (at different stages of fermentation) and wine prepared from seven different grape varieties grown in Haryana. The isolates fell into 6 genera and 14 species. Saccharomyces yeasts were the most frequently encountered species during the fermentation, and all but one were identified as S. cerevisiae, S. cerevisiae var. ellipsoideus, S. steineri, S. carlsbergensis and S. mellis. Schizosaccharomyces pombe, Debaryomyces vini, Candida pulcherrima, C. guilliermondii, Endomycopsis fibuliger, E. fibuliger var. monospora and E. fibuliger var. bispora were the other strains isolated. The occurrence of Schizosaccharomyces pombe and strains of Endomocopsis fibuliger is of interest in this connection when it is considered that Kloeckera apiculata and Saccharomyces oviformis have been significantly absent in Haryana grapes and musts.
description: VITIS - Journal of Grapevine Research, Vol. 10 No. 2 (1971): Vitis
Nanoscale spin rectifiers for harvesting ambient radiofrequency energy
Creators: name: Sharma, Raghav
name: Ngo, Tung
name: Raimondo, Eleonora
name: Giordano, Anna
name: Igarashi, Junta
name: Jinnai, Butsurin
name: Zhao, Shishun
name: Lei, Jiayu
name: Guo, Yong-Xin
name: Finocchio, Giovanni
name: Fukami, Shunsuke
name: Ohno, Hideo
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Radiofrequency harvesting using ambient wireless energy could be used to reduce the carbon footprint of electronic devices. However, ambient radiofrequency energy is weak (less than -20 dBm), and thermodynamic limits and high-frequency parasitic impedance restrict the performance of state-of-the-art radiofrequency rectifiers. Nanoscale spin rectifiers based on magnetic tunnel junctions have recently demonstrated high sensitivity, but suffer from a low a.c.-to-d.c. conversion efficiency (less than 1%). Here, we report a sensitive spin rectifier rectenna that can harvest ambient radiofrequency signals between -62 and -20 dBm. We also develop an on-chip co-planar waveguide-based spin rectifier array with a large zero-bias sensitivity (around 34,500 mV/mW) and high efficiency (7.81%). Self-parametric excitation driven by voltage-controlled magnetic anisotropy is a key mechanism that contributes to the performance of the spin-rectifier array. We show that these spin rectifiers can wirelessly power a sensor at a radiofrequency power of -27 dBm.
BioExcel Webinar #5 - QM/MM approaches in CPMD
Creators: name: Ippoliti, Emiliano
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: webinar

description: The CPMD code is a highly efficient massively parallel first-principles (quantum) molecular dynamics software package. It can scale up to a few million threads with extremely high efficiency. However, even with such a massively parallel approach, first-principles based simulations are limited to several hundred or, at most, a few thousand atoms. Simulations of biology-related systems will require working with hundreds of thousands of atoms at once which is not feasible using first-principles codes. This motivates the use of a multi-scale approach, in which the part of the system that is of particular interest (for instance a binding site) is treated at quantum level (QM part), while the rest of the system is handled by a classical force field (MM part). Such a hybrid QM/MM approach allows a significant decrease of the size of the computationally expensive part while keeping the ability to represent the processes that can only be treated by quantum chemistry (e.g. chemical reactions). In this webinar an introduction on the QM/MM approaches implemented in CPMD will be presented, along with their limitations and the improvements that are currently under development.
title: A grammar of Iranian Armenian
title: Parskahayeren or Iranahayeren
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Dolatian, Hossep
name: Sharifzadeh, Afsheen
name: Vaux, Bert
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: spoken Armenian
subject: Iranian Armenian
subject: Persian Armenian
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Iranian Armenian is the variety of spoken Armenian that was developed by Armenians in Tehran, Iran over the last few centuries. It has a substantial community of speakers in California. This variety or lect is called “Persian Armenian” [pɒɻskɒhɒjeɻen] or “Iranian Armenian” [iɻɒnɒhɒjeɻen] by members of the community. The present book is not a comprehensive grammar of the language. It occupies a gray zone between being a simple sketch versus a sizable grammar. We attempt to clarify the basic aspects of the language, such as its phoneme inventory, noticeable morphophonological processes, various inflectional paradigms, and some peculiar aspects of its syntax. We likewise provide a sample text of Iranian Armenian speech. Many aspects of this variety seem to be identical to Standard Eastern Armenian (SEA), so we tried to focus more on those aspects of Iranian Armenian which differ from SEA. The phonology has developed new phonemes and intonational contours due to contact with Persian. The morphophonology has grammaticalized allomorphic patterns that are phonosyntactic, meaning they reference syntactic information. Nominal morphology is largely identical to SEA but with some simplification of irregular processes. Verbal morphology is similar to SEA, but with major innovations in the aorist paradigm. The aorist or past perfective paradigm has undergone a change whereby irregular patterns have been reanalyzed as regular patterns. The syntax is largely the same as SEA, but with innovations due to contact with Persian, such as object clitics and the use of resumptive pronouns.
Toward a Neuroscience Model of Tort Law
Creators: name: Eggen, Jean M.
name: Laury, Eric J.
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2012

description: The “neuroscience revolution” has now gained the attention of legal thinkers and is poised to be the catalyst for significant changes in the law. Over the past several decades, research in functional neuroimaging has sought to explain a vast array of human thought processes and behaviors, and the law has taken notice. Although functional neuroimaging is not yet close to being a staple in the courtroom, the information acquired from these studies has been featured in a handful of cases, including a few before the United States Supreme Court. Our assertion involves the incorporation of functional neuroscience evidence in tort law related to the variety of mental states, including intent, knowledge, recklessness, and negligence. As the courts become saturated with neurimaging evidence, it is imperative to be prepared with a framework for addressing the many legal questions that the new neuroscience will pose. Our proposed neuroscience model of tort law is both simple and complex. Its simplicity lies in a workable framework for allowing the law to move forward while incorporating functional neuroimaging evidence in tort law. Its complexity is in the challenges posed by the interpretation of the neuroscience data and by extrapolation from the evidence to the legal issues. Our model is intended to commence the discourse about ways in which tort law may be improved through an understanding of, and appropriate use of, information acquired through the newest technologies of functional neuroimaging. We intend this model to provide guidance to judges and attorneys when confronted with functional neuroimaging evidence in tort cases, and we anticipate that serious consideration of the model will propel courts toward incorporating these relevant social and scientific advances into the evolving principles of tort law.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 13 No 2: 2011-2012
Broadcasting Licenses
Creators: name: Musey, J. Armand
Publisher: name: Science and Technology Law Review
Year: 2012

description: This Article examines the showdown between television broadcasters and the government in light of the FCC’s plan to reallocate currently licensed broadcast spectrum to significantly higher value mobile broadband use. The government seeks to do so in an economically, socially and legally efficient manner, and has indicated that it seeks a reallocation process that is voluntary for broadcasters. Nonetheless, any spectrum reallocation proceeding raises the question of whether, and to what extent, television broadcasters ultimately possess rights to licensed spectrum, and what type of compensation, if any, they would be owed if the FCC takes their spectrum licenses involuntarily. This Article finds that broadcasters have a very weak property rights claim over their spectrum licenses. However, broadcasters may be entitled to due process before their licenses can be taken involuntarily; they are almost certainly entitled to seek judicial review of any adverse FCC decisions. Such review would extend the already lengthy FCC rulemaking and adjudication process, and further delay spectrum reassignment. For practical political reasons, including maximizing revenue from future spectrum auctions, the most expedient way to reallocate spectrum is to incentivize the broadcasters to voluntarily participate in a reallocation plan by providing compensation beyond the legally required minimum.
description: Science and Technology Law Review, Vol 13 No 2: 2011-2012
Intersections of language rights and social justice in the Caribbean context
Creators: name: Forrester, Clive (Ed.)
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: social justice in the Caribbean context
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This volume brings together the work of six authors who explore various dimensions of language rights and how they intersect with social justice in the Caribbean context. Language rights advocacy has been an ongoing issue in Caribbean linguistics since at least the 1970s when the Society for Caribbean Linguistics was established and linguists started to turn their attention to the marginalised status of Creole languages in the region. This continued into the 1990s when dismal scores in secondary school English resulted in governments singling out Creole languages as the culprit and linguists had to get involved in shaping language policy for territories across the region. By 2011 the role of linguists was cemented in the language rights debate with the creation of the Charter on Language Rights in the Creole-speaking Caribbean. Using examples from Jamaica and St. Lucia, the current study examines the challenges that still persist ten years after the Charter, specifically in the areas of language advocacy, linguistic discrimination, and communicative hurdles in the courtroom.