cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Which biofuel market does the ethanol tariff protect? Implications for social welfare and GHG emissions
Creators: name: Crago, Christine Lasco
name: Khanna, Madhu
name: Crago, Christine Lasco
name: Khanna, Madhu
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: biofuel
subject: ethanol tariff
subject: fuel externalities

description: The ethanol tariff is one of the instruments used by the government to encourage domestic ethanol production. Existing literature analyzing the market and welfare effects of the US ethanol tariff has concluded that removing the tariff would increase social surplus and reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, due to the replacement of corn ethanol with lower cost and lower GHG intensive sugarcane ethanol. This paper re-examines these findings in the presence of a domestic cellulosic ethanol industry. The current RFS mandate requires 21 billion gallons of advanced biofuel, a portion of which could be met by any non-starch based biofuel that reduces emissions by at least 50% compared to an energy equivalent amount of gasoline. Sugarcane ethanol has been classified as an advanced biofuel, and competes for market share with domestic advanced biofuels such as cellulosic ethanol. In addition, it also competes with corn ethanol for market share in the non-advanced biofuel market. The dual market for sugarcane ethanol raises the question of which domestic biofuel market the tariff protects. Our results show that the effect of removing the tariff on social welfare and GHG emissions is ambiguous and depends on which biofuel market the tariff is protecting. If the tariff protects the corn ethanol market, its removal increases welfare and GHG emissions. However, if the tariff protects the cellulosic ethanol market, removing the tariff could increase emissions. Whether the tariff protects either the corn ethanol or cellulosic ethanol market, or both depends on the relative costs and supply elasticities of the three types of biofuel. In general, the removal of the tariff leads to an increase in social surplus, although in some cases, such as when the excess supply elasticity of sugarcane ethanol is not very elastic, net welfare could decrease when the tariff is removed. Removal of the tariff also reduces the share of domestically produced fuel, and this effect is greater when the tariff is protecting both the cellulosic and corn ethanol markets, i.e. the removal of the tariff causes a reduction in the production of both biofuels.
Additional file 1 of The use of personal health information outside the circle of care: consent preferences of patients from an academic health care institution
Creators: name: Tosoni, Sarah
name: Voruganti, Indu
name: Lajkosz, Katherine
name: Habal, Flavio
name: Murphy, Patricia
name: Wong, Rebecca K. S.
name: Willison, Donald
name: Virtanen, Carl
name: Heesters, Ann
name: Liu, Fei-Fei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary Table 1. Results of Q7-17 collapsed into 3 levels. Supplementary Table 2. Responses categorized by individual clinic, treatment stage, and gender.
Synergy in fertility forecasting: Improving forecast accuracy through model averaging
Creators: name: Shang, Han Lin
name: Booth, Heather
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 91D20

description: Accuracy in fertility forecasting has proved challenging and warrants renewed attention. One way to improve accuracy is to combine the strengths of a set of existing models through model averaging. The model-averaged forecast is derived using empirical model weights that optimise forecast accuracy at each forecast horizon based on historical data. We apply model averaging to fertility forecasting for the first time, using data for 17 countries and six models. Four model-averaging methods are compared: frequentist, Bayesian, model confidence set, and equal weights. We compute individual-model and model-averaged point and interval forecasts at horizons of one to 20 years. We demonstrate gains in average accuracy of 4-23\% for point forecasts and 3-24\% for interval forecasts, with greater gains from the frequentist and equal-weights approaches at longer horizons. Data for England \& Wales are used to illustrate model averaging in forecasting age-specific fertility to 2036. The advantages and further potential of model averaging for fertility forecasting are discussed. As the accuracy of model-averaged forecasts depends on the accuracy of the individual models, there is ongoing need to develop better models of fertility for use in forecasting and model averaging. We conclude that model averaging holds considerable promise for the improvement of fertility forecasting in a systematic way using existing models and warrants further investigation.
description: 38 pages, 5 figures, to appear at Genus: Journal of Population Sciences
Moral, claims and charter meaning : critical considerations on the primary values of Canadian constitutionalism
Creators: name: Soroski, John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Since its passage, the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms has been the subject of contention. At issue have been claims about the Charter's legitimacy, its larger character and purposes, and the meaning of its rights guarantees in the legal context. The first part of this work offers a critical consideration of the Charter claims associated with three of the most influential schools of constitutional thought in the Canadian context — the "primary values" of positivism, democracy, and community — whose advocates question the value and desireability of the Charter or suggest that its rights guarantees are best understood in constrained terms. The second part of the work suggests the merit of an alternative premise by which to assess the legitimacy and define the meaning of the Charter. The constitutional ideal of "moral agency" suggests that constitutional subjects should be understood as moral beings, and that legitimate constitutional order ought recognize this by providing means to ensure that ongoing obligations imposed by the order are capable of binding persons in their moral capacity. Rights in the strong sense are an important contribution to this end, and the Charter can be understood in this character therefore as a valuable addition to the Canadian constitutional order. At least two sources suggest the authority of the values associated with the ideal of moral agency. The meta-legitimative premises of the primary values themselves imply a recognition of constitutional subjects as moral agents, although the forms of political order their advocates endorse tend to under-realize this value. And an examination of the political practice and philosophy of Pierre Trudeau suggests that the Charter's prime mover endorsed a theory of constitutional value premised on ideas much akin to those suggested by moral agency. The central role Trudeau played in bringing the Charter into being suggests that a reading of the document as an expression of the values of moral agency is a viable one. The relevance and resonance of Trudeau's constitutional vision in the Canadian context suggests that the ideal of moral agency might be thought to represent a new Canadian "primary value".
A Whole-Farm Profitability Analysis of Organic and Conventional Cropping Systems
Creators: name: Delbridge, Timothy A.
name: Fernholz, Carmen
name: Lazarus, William F.
name: King, Robert P.
name: Delbridge, Timothy A.
name: Fernholz, Carmen
name: Lazarus, William F.
name: King, Robert P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Farm Management
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Organic Farming
subject: Profitability
subject: Farm Size
subject: Machinery Cost

description: Replaced with revised version of paper 05/26/11.
A randomized controlled trial to test the effect of an antenatal educational intervention on breastfeeding duration among primiparous women
Creators: name: Kluka, Sandra Maria
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Although the health benefits of breastfeeding have been well established, the majority of Canadian women wean prior to six months after birth. A randomized controlled trial was conducted to test the effect of an antenatal educational intervention on breastfeeding duration. The study examined how long women assigned to the intervention group (n=l 11) breastfed their infants compared to women who received usual care (n=98). Secondary outcomes of the study (i.e. maternal competence, breastfeeding confidence, maternal satisfaction, fatigue and onset of depressive symptoms) were analyzed in relation to breastfeeding duration. Primiparous women, who attended a series of antenatal classes and had decided to breastfeed their infants, were recruited. The intervention, which included completion of a pre-workshop guide and attendance at an interactive group workshop, emphasized strategies expectant mothers and their partners could use to prevent or minimize the problems most often reported as the reasons women quit breastfeeding. Strategies also were provided that have been regarded by mothers and health experts as being helpful to prolong lactation. The analysis was conducted on an intention-totreat basis. Results indicated there was no statistically significant difference between the groups regarding the proportion of women still mainly breastfeeding at 24 weeks after birth. Multivariate analyses yielded three significant predictive variables of breastfeeding duration including higher breastfeeding confidence (p=.001), non-smoking status (p=.017), and the mother receiving a visit by a community health nurse within two weeks after the infant's birth (p=.023). Implications for practice and research are discussed.
Additional file 1 of Cross-border mobility in European countries: associations between cross-border worker status and health outcomes
Creators: name: Nonnenmacher, Lucas
name: Baumann, Michèle
name: Bihan, Etienne Le
name: Askenazy, Philippe
name: Chauvel, Louis
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Dataset. Dataset used in the mother study, the French part of the Labour Force Survey for years 2013–2018. Table A1: Workers’ departments of residence by commuting status and country of destination.%. Table A2: Good/very good perceived health status and countries’ indicators in 2013, 2015, and 2017.Tables A3: Associations between health limitations and demographic background and labour status variables. Table A4: Predicted wages in €, by health index units. Table A5: Associations between health limitations demographic background and labour status variables: summary table. Table A6: Associations between commuting status and health outcomes. (Last interrogation).
Figure S1 - Biomass Box Plot from Shifting systems—prerequisites for the application of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis in soil food webs
Creators: name: Kühn, Jakob
name: Tobias, Kevin
name: Jähngen, Alexander
name: Ruess, Liliane
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Figure S1: Fresh weight (mg Ind. −1) of the Collembola Protaphorura fimata, Folsomia candida and Lepidocyrtus violaceus reared on the single diets algae (Chlorella vulgaris), bacteria (Bacillus megatherium), fungi (Chaetomium globosum), leaves (Helianthus annuus) and roots (H. annuus and Solanum tuberosum). Given are the box-plot summary statistics for data with the lower and upper quartile, representing observations outside the 9–91 percentile range. The diagrams also show the median. Significant differences (P<0.05) according to ANOVA and Tukey HSD test.
Consumer Perceptions of Sustainable Farming Practices: A Best-Worst Scenario
Creators: name: Sackett, Hillary M.
name: Shupp, Robert S.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
name: Sackett, Hillary M.
name: Shupp, Robert S.
name: Tonsor, Glynn T.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Sustainably Produced Food
subject: Consumer Perceptions
subject: Best-Worst

description: This paper uses data collected in the summer and fall of 2010 from a national, web-based survey of 1002 households to initiate the process of examining consumer inferences and valuations of food products making "sustainably produced” claims. A Best-Worst scaling framework was implemented to identify what consumers believe “sustainably produced” labels mean and their preferences for each of the individual sustainable farming practices. The best-worst survey method forces respondents to make trade-offs by simultaneously choosing the most and least preferred attributes. The measured level of concern is then applied to a ratio scale. The ability of a firm to differentiate their product hinges critically on an accurate understanding of the perceptions consumers hold regarding what a credence labelling claim implies. Building upon existing work evaluating other food attribute labels (e.g., genetically-modified products, region of origin, use of growth hormones) and the impact of consumer inferences (e.g., implicit associations made from explicitly provided information), this work begins to address gaps in the literature regarding food products with “sustainably produced” claims.
Doping-induced quantum spin Hall insulator to superconductor transition
Creators: name: Wang, Zhenjiu
name: Liu, Yuhai
name: Sato, Toshihiro
name: Hohenadler, Martin
name: Wang, Chong
name: Guo, Wenan
name: Assaad, Fakher F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A unique property of a dynamically generated quantum spin Hall state are Goldstone modes that correspond to the long-wavelength fluctuations of the spin-orbit coupling order parameter whose topological Skyrmion excitations carry charge 2$e$. Within the model considered here, upon varying the chemical potential, we observe two transitions: An s-wave superconducting order parameter develops at a critical chemical potential $μ_{c1}$, corresponding to the excitation gap of pairs of fermions, and at $μ_{c2}$ the SO(3) order parameter of the quantum spin Hall state vanishes. Using negative-sign-free, large-scale quantum Monte Carlo simulations, we show that $μ_{c1}=μ_{c2}$ within our accuracy -- we can resolve dopings away from half filling down to $δ= 0.0017$. The length scale associated with the fluctuations of the quantum spin Hall order parameter grows down to our lowest doping, suggesting either a continuous or a weakly first-order transition. Contrary to mean-field expectations, the doping versus chemical potential curve is not linear, indicating a dynamical critical exponent $z > 2$ if the transition is continuous.
description: 10 pages, 13 Figures
Food Manufacturers’ Sustainable Product Launch Strategy: Game Theory Approach
Creators: name: Satimanon, Thasanee
name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
name: Satimanon, Thasanee
name: Weatherspoon, Dave D.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: We construct the model for food manufactures’ decision making to launch a new sustainable product to the market. The main factors that influence firms to launch the new sustainable product are that consumers are willing to pay more for the sustainable product, and perceive that the conventional and the sustainable products are different. Morover, the firms has more probability to get higher profit when launching the new sustainable product if the ratio of the cost over the maximum willingness to pay for the conventional product is equal to or greater than the same ratio of the sustainable product.
Table S4 - Estimation of Diets with adjusted fat contents. from Shifting systems—prerequisites for the application of quantitative fatty acid signature analysis in soil food webs
Creators: name: Kühn, Jakob
name: Tobias, Kevin
name: Jähngen, Alexander
name: Ruess, Liliane
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Table S4: Quantitative estimation of the diet of the Collembola Folsomia candida, Protaphorura fimata and Lepidocyrtus violaceus in multi-diet setups, based on the CCs obtained from single diet experiments with adjusted values respective to fat content by using fat_adj() from the qfasar package. Given are the mean estimations (% ± s.d., n=3). Fat content for the groups as follows: Algae: 0.218g g-1 DW, bacteria: 0.021g g-1 DW, fungi: 0.039g g-1 DW, leaves: 0.042g g-1 DW, roots: 0.013g g-1 DW.
Index theoretic characterization of d-wave superconductors in the vortex state
Creators: name: Vafek, Oskar
name: Melikyan, Ashot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ index theoretic methods to study analytically the low energy spectrum of a lattice d-wave superconductor in the vortex lattice state. This allows us to compare singly quantized $hc/2e$ and doubly quantized $hc/e$ vortices, the first of which must always be accompanied by $Z_2$ branch cuts. For an inversion symmetric vortex lattice and in the presence of particle-hole symmetry we prove an index theorem that imposes a lower bound on the number of zero energy modes. Generic cases are constructed in which this bound exceeds the number of zero modes of an equivalent lattice of doubly quantized vortices, despite the identical point group symmetries. The quasiparticle spectrum around the zero modes is doubly degenerate and exhibits a Dirac-like dispersion, with velocities that become universal functions of $Δ_0/t$ in the limit of low magnetic field. For weak particle-hole symmetry breaking, the gapped state can be characterized by a topological quantum number, related to spin Hall conductivity, which generally differs in the cases of the $hc/2e$ and $hc/e$ vortex lattices.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 1 table (accepted for publication in PRL; substantially rewritten for presentation clarity; references to quantum order and visons omitted on referee's demand)
On measuring alpha in B(t)-> rho^\pm pi^\mp
Creators: name: Gronau, M.
name: Zupan, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Defining a most economical parametrization of time-dependent B-> rho^\pm pi^\mp decays, including a measurable phase alpha_{eff} which equals the weak phase alpha in the limit of vanishing penguin amplitudes, we propose two ways for determining alpha in this processes. We explain the limitation of one method, assuming only that two relevant tree amplitudes factorize and that their relative strong phase, delta_t, is negligible. The other method, based on broken flavor SU(3), permits a determination of alpha in B^0-> rho^\pm pi^\mp in an overconstrained system using also rate measurements of B^{0,+}-> K^* pi and B^{0,+}->rho K. Current data are shown to restrict two ratios of penguin and tree amplitudes, r_\pm, to a narrow range around 0.2, and to imply an upper bound |alpha_{eff} - alpha| < 15 degrees. Assuming that delta_t is much smaller than 90 degrees, we find alpha =(93\pm 16) degrees and (102 \pm 20) degrees using BABAR and BELLE results for B(t)-> rho^\pm pi^mp. Avoiding this assumption for completeness, we demonstrate the reduction of discrete ambiguities in alpha with increased statistics, and show that SU(3) breaking effects are effectively second order in r_\pm.
description: 23 pages, 2 figures, data and references updated, to be published in Phys. Rev. D
Analysis of Phase Formations and Mechanical Properties in Complex Concentrated Alloys by Machine Learning Approach
Creators: name: Xiong, Jie
name: Shi, San-Qiang
name: Zhang, Tong-Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanical properties of complex concentrated alloys (CCAs) depend on their forming phases and corresponding structures, the prediction of the phase formation for a given CCA is essential to its discovery and applications. 541 sample were collected from previous studies, comprising 61 amorphous, 164 single-phase crystalline, and 361 multi-phases crystalline CCAs. We proposed three classification models to category and understand the phase selection of CCAS. Also, a two-objective regression model was constructed to predict the hardness and compressive yield stress of CCAs. All three classification models have accuracies higher than 85%, and correlation coefficient of random forest regression model is greater than 0.9 for both of two objectives. In addition, we proposed four descriptors via multi-task SISSO method to predict the mechanical properties of CCAs, the average correlation coefficient of SISSO models is higher than 0.85. The present work demonstrates the great potential of machine learning approach in the prediction of target properties in CCAs.
Additional file 6 of Circulating tumor cells and palbociclib treatment in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: results from a translational sub-study of the TREnd trial
Creators: name: Galardi, Francesca
name: Luca, Francesca De
name: Biagioni, Chiara
name: Migliaccio, Ilenia
name: Curigliano, Giuseppe
name: Minisini, Alessandro M.
name: Bonechi, Martina
name: Moretti, Erica
name: Risi, Emanuela
name: McCartney, Amelia
name: Benelli, Matteo
name: Romagnoli, Dario
name: Cappadona, Silvia
name: Gabellini, Stefano
name: Guarducci, Cristina
name: Conti, Valerio
name: Biganzoli, Laura
name: Leo, Angelo Di
name: Malorni, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Mean number of copies of GAPDH and RB1 broken into timepoint.
Phase Transitions in Hexane Monolayers Physisorbed onto Graphite
Creators: name: Roth, M. W.
name: Pint, C. L.
name: Wexler, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the results of molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of a complete monolayer of hexane physisorbed onto the basal plane of graphite. At low temperatures the system forms a herringbone solid. With increasing temperature, a solid to nematic liquid crystal transition takes place at $T_1 = 138 \pm 2$K followed by another transition at $T_2 = 176 \pm 3$K into an isotropic fluid. We characterize the different phases by calculating various order parameters, coordinate distributions, energetics, spreading pressure and correlation functions, most of which are in reasonable agreement with available experimental evidence. In addition, we perform simulations where the Lennard-Jones interaction strength, corrugation potential strength and dihedral rigidity are varied in order to better characterize the nature of the two transitions through. We find that both phase transitions are facilitated by a ``footprint reduction'' of the molecules via tilting, and to a lesser degree via creation of gauche defects in the molecules.
description: 18 pages, eps figures embedded, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Integrating Economic Analysis with a Randomized Controlled Trial: Willingness-to-Pay for a New Maternal Nutrient Supplement
Creators: name: Adams, Katherine P.
name: Vosti, Stephen A.
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Ayifah, Emmanuel
name: Adams, Katherine P.
name: Vosti, Stephen A.
name: Lybbert, Travis J.
name: Ayifah, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Health Economics and Policy
subject: International Development
subject: Economic Development
subject: Nutrition
subject: Willingness-to-Pay

description: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy can have significant implications for a child’s prenatal growth and development, and undernutrition experienced during the prenatal period increases the risk of early childhood morbidity and mortality and can permanently impair a child’s physical growth and cognitive development. We use new data from Ghana generated using contingent valuation and experimental auction techniques to estimate willingness-to-pay (WTP) for LNS, a new nutrient supplement aimed at preventing maternal undernutrition during pregnancy. We also explore the relative importance of individual and household characteristics as well as information about the long-term benefits of preventing undernutrition on WTP. We find that WTP is positive for a large majority of individuals in our samples, and the level of WTP varies significantly with individual and household characteristics including gender, household food insecurity, and household expenditures. These findings suggest important policy implications for the development of delivery options and pricing mechanisms for LNS.
A method of online traction parameter identification and mapping
Creators: name: Kobelski, Alexander
name: Osinenko, Pavel
name: Streif, Stefan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Fuel consumption of heavy-duty vehicles such as tractors, bulldozers etc. is comparably high due to their scope of operation. The operation settings are usually fixed and not tuned to the environmental factors, such as ground conditions. Yet exactly the ground-to-propelling-unit properties are decisive in energy efficiency. Optimizing the latter would require a means of identifying those properties. This is the central matter of the current study. More specifically, the goal is to estimate the ground conditions from the available measurements, such as drive train signals, and to establish a map of those. The ground condition parameters are estimated using an adaptive unscented Kalman filter. A case study is provided with the actual and estimated ground condition maps. Such a mapping can be seen as a crucial milestone in optimal operation control of heavy-duty vehicles.
description: Accepted for publication at the IFAC WC 2020
Additional file 5 of Circulating tumor cells and palbociclib treatment in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: results from a translational sub-study of the TREnd trial
Creators: name: Galardi, Francesca
name: Luca, Francesca De
name: Biagioni, Chiara
name: Migliaccio, Ilenia
name: Curigliano, Giuseppe
name: Minisini, Alessandro M.
name: Bonechi, Martina
name: Moretti, Erica
name: Risi, Emanuela
name: McCartney, Amelia
name: Benelli, Matteo
name: Romagnoli, Dario
name: Cappadona, Silvia
name: Gabellini, Stefano
name: Guarducci, Cristina
name: Conti, Valerio
name: Biganzoli, Laura
name: Leo, Angelo Di
name: Malorni, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. RB1 and GAPDH gene expression analysis. A) distribution of GAPDH and RB1 copies number in single CTCs, B) distribution of mean number of copies of GAPDH and RB1 (tot n copies/n cells).
Expansion and Collapse in the Cosmic Web
Creators: name: Rauch, Michael
name: Becker, George D.
name: Viel, Matteo
name: Sargent, Wallace L. W.
name: Smette, Alain
name: Simcoe, Robert A.
name: Barlow, Thomas A.
name: Haehnelt, Martin G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the kinematics of the gaseous cosmic web at high redshift with Lyman alpha forest absorption in multiple QSO sightlines. Using a simple analytic model and a cosmological hydrodynamic simulation we constrain the underlying three-dimensional distribution of velocities from the observed line-of-sight distribution of velocity shear across the plane of the sky. The distribution is found to be in good agreement with the intergalactic medium (IGM) undergoing large scale motions dominated by the Hubble flow. Modeling the Lyman alpha clouds analytically and with a hydrodynamics simulation, the average expansion velocity of the gaseous structures causing the Lyman alpha forest in the lower redshift (z = 2) sample appears about 20 percent lower than the local Hubble expansion velocity. We interpret this as tentative evidence for some clouds undergoing gravitational collapse. However, the distribution of velocities is highly skewed, and the majority of clouds at redshifts from 2 to 3.8 expand typically about 5 - 20 percent faster than the Hubble flow. This behavior is explained if most absorbers in the column density range typically detectable are expanding filaments that stretch and drain into more massive nodes. We find no evidence for the observed distribution of velocity shear being significantly influenced by processes other than Hubble expansion and gravitational instability, like galactic winds. To avoid overly disturbing the IGM, winds may be old and/or limp by the time we observe them in the Lyman alpha forest, or they may occupy only an insignificant volume fraction of the IGM. (abridged)
description: 63 pages, 26 figures, AAS Latex; ApJ, in press
Towards an Effective Action for D-Branes
Creators: name: Keurentjes, Arjan
name: Koerber, Paul
name: Nevens, Stijn
name: Sevrin, Alexander
name: Wijns, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce and review several indirect methods to calculate the effective action for a single D-brane or a set of coinciding D-branes.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX, needs fortschritte.sty, contribution to the proccedings of the 37th International Symposium Ahrenshoop
Additional file 4 of Circulating tumor cells and palbociclib treatment in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: results from a translational sub-study of the TREnd trial
Creators: name: Galardi, Francesca
name: Luca, Francesca De
name: Biagioni, Chiara
name: Migliaccio, Ilenia
name: Curigliano, Giuseppe
name: Minisini, Alessandro M.
name: Bonechi, Martina
name: Moretti, Erica
name: Risi, Emanuela
name: McCartney, Amelia
name: Benelli, Matteo
name: Romagnoli, Dario
name: Cappadona, Silvia
name: Gabellini, Stefano
name: Guarducci, Cristina
name: Conti, Valerio
name: Biganzoli, Laura
name: Leo, Angelo Di
name: Malorni, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Images of a patient sample CTCs. Images of CTCs identified by A) Cell Search system, B) DEP array. C) 2-D plot RB1- droplets positive for Rb1 expression, GAPDH- droplets positive for GAPDH; RB1+ GAPDH- droplets positive for both RB1 and GAPDH.
Supplementary Material from Fatty acid metabolism and modifications in Chironomus riparius
Creators: name: Strandberg, Ursula
name: Vesterinen, Jussi
name: Ilo, Timo
name: Akkanen, Jarkko
name: Melanen, Miina
name: Kankaala, Paula
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: Data on the fatty acid composition of treatments diets and Chironomus riparius
INRA Poll: Reaching the Elites with Selective Publications
Creators: name: International Research Associates [INRA]
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2021

description: Seriousness of problems (8); products owned (34); most recent purchases (48); item costs (72); TV model (2); cable TV (2); automobile ownership (2); car make (6); body style (3); car year (3); new vs. used (3); principal driver (5); tires (2); car purchases (10); equipment owned (15); drinks served (27); most recent drinks (27); drink frequency (26); drink brands (27); liquor purchaser (1); liquor costs (1); consumption habits (2); activity participation (45); interest in hobbies (23); Wall Street Journal (13); Wall Street Journal description (1); newspaper subscription (14); Daily New York Times (13); Daily New York Times description (1); Sunday New York Times (6); Sunday New York Times description (1); artwork (3); magazine readership (80); issues read (60); magazine descriptions (20); magazine subscriptions (21); TV programs viewed (1); movies watched (21); items purchased (26); nature of purchase (25); beverages ordered (3); insurance (9); life insurance (2); investments owned (27); market value description (13); credit cards (17); business air travel (5); non-business air travel (5); traveler's checks (3); business car rental (3); non-business car rental (3); non-domestic trips (1); passport ownership (1); places travelled to (29); reason for travel (28); number of trips (28); method of travel (28); company purchases (30).
Symmetry Effect on the Dynamic Behaviors of Sandwich Beams with Periodic Face Sheets
Creators: name: Joubaneh, Eshagh Farzaneh
name: Ma, Jihong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically and demonstrate experimentally, the effect of material and geometric periodicity in face sheets on the overall dynamics of sandwich beams. By treating the two face sheets and core as separate entities using the classic sandwich plate theory (CPT), in conjunction with Bloch theorem, and solving the governing equations with the transfer matrix method (TMM) and the generalized differential quadrature method (GDQM), we obtain a low-frequency \textit{total} bandgap in which both transverse and longitudinal waves are blocked in sandwich beams with glide-reflected (GR) face sheets. On the other hand, only \textit{partial} bandgaps blocking either transverse or longitudinal waves are present in the ones with mirror-reflected (MR) face sheets. Furthermore, a combination of full-scale finite element method (FEM) simulations and experimental characterization provide unequivocal evidence of these phenomenal wave features, as well as the accuracy of our theoretical results via defining separate displacement fields in comparison with effective periodic Timoshenko beam models. Our study indicates new mechanisms to suppress low-frequency elastic waves by tuning face sheet symmetry. Our explanation of wave behaviors from a structural symmetry point of view also provides a more comprehensive understanding of the symmetry effect on wave propagation in quasi-one-dimensional structures at large.
Weakly invasive metrology: quantum advantage and physical implementations
Creators: name: Perarnau-Llobet, M.
name: Malz, D.
name: Cirac, J. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the estimation of a Hamiltonian parameter of a set of highly photosensitive samples, which are damaged after a few photons $N_{\rm abs}$ are absorbed, for a total time $T$. The samples are modelled as a two mode photonic system, where photons simultaneously acquire information on the unknown parameter and are absorbed at a fixed rate. We show that arbitrarily intense coherent states can obtain information at a rate that scales at most linearly with $N_{\rm abs}$ and $T$, whereas quantum states with finite intensity can overcome this bound. We characterise the quantum advantage as a function of $N_{\rm abs}$ and $T$, as well as its robustness to imperfections (non-ideal detectors, finite preparation and measurement rates for quantum photonic states). We discuss an implementation in cavity QED, where Fock states are both prepared and measured by coupling atomic ensembles to the cavities. We show that superradiance, arising due to a collective coupling between the cavities and the atoms, can be exploited for improving the speed and efficiency of the measurement.
description: 8+8 pages, 11 Figures. v4: minor changes, accepted in Quantum
Additional file 3 of Circulating tumor cells and palbociclib treatment in patients with ER-positive, HER2-negative advanced breast cancer: results from a translational sub-study of the TREnd trial
Creators: name: Galardi, Francesca
name: Luca, Francesca De
name: Biagioni, Chiara
name: Migliaccio, Ilenia
name: Curigliano, Giuseppe
name: Minisini, Alessandro M.
name: Bonechi, Martina
name: Moretti, Erica
name: Risi, Emanuela
name: McCartney, Amelia
name: Benelli, Matteo
name: Romagnoli, Dario
name: Cappadona, Silvia
name: Gabellini, Stefano
name: Guarducci, Cristina
name: Conti, Valerio
name: Biganzoli, Laura
name: Leo, Angelo Di
name: Malorni, Luca
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Cell lines set up of ddPCR assay. A) RB1 expression on PDS and PDR cell lines confirm the reduction of RB1 expression among PDS and PDS cell lines, *** p
Search for nonlinear memory from subsolar mass compact binary mergers
Creators: name: Ebersold, Michael
name: Tiwari, Shubhanshu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results of the search for nonlinear memory from subsolar mass binary black hole (BBH) mergers during the second observing run (O2) of the LIGO and Virgo detectors. The oscillatory chirp signal from the inspiral and merger of low mass BBHs ($M_\mathrm{Tot} \leq 0.4 M_\odot$) are at very high frequencies and fall outside the sensitivity band of the current ground-based detectors. However, the non-oscillatory memory signal during the merger saturates towards the lower frequencies and can be detected for those proposed BBHs. We show in this work that the morphology of the memory signal depends minimally upon the source parameters of the binary, thus only the overall amplitude of the signal changes and hence the result can be interpolated for extremely low mass BBH mergers. We did not find any signal which can be interpreted as a memory signal and we place upper limits on the rate of BBH mergers with $M_\mathrm{Tot} \leq 0.4 M_\odot$ for the first time.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Stress responses of juvenile salmonids to immunological challenge
Creators: name: Ackerman, Paige Adrienne
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Physiological and cellular stress responses of fish to immunological challenge were examined using an experimental approach involving whole animal and tissue culture. The first study examined effects of sub-lethal ammonia exposure on stress responses and disease susceptibility of salmonids. In seawater at a pH of 7.8, salinity of 30 g/kg, and temperature of 10-12°C, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) defines acute ammonia exposure in terms of a Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC) of 23 mg Total Ammonia Nitrogen (TAN)/L and chronic exposure as a Criteria Continuous Concentration (CCC) of 3.4 mg TAN/L. Juvenile chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) were exposed to two sub-lethal concentrations (10.0 mg TAN/L and 2.5 mg TAN/L) for a period of 10 d. Samples taken during the exposure indicate that at levels well below EPA guidelines, metabolic changes occurred that were indicative of a physiological stress response. A subsequent disease challenge using the marine pathogen Vibrio anguillarum resulted in a significant increase in mortality of fish exposed to 10 mg TAN/L compared to controls. Mortality of fish exposed to 2.5 mg TAN/L was between that of controls and fish exposed to the higher concentration. The cellular stress response as measured by heat shock protein 70 (hsp70) changed in relation to exposure concentration. Hsp70 increased in liver tissue in fish exposed to 2.5 mg TAN/L but both concentrations resulted in hsp70 decrease in head kidney, although this was only significant in fish exposed to 10.0 mg TAN/L. Results suggest that current environmental standards do not protect fish from an immunological point of view. To further investigate the relationship between hsp70 levels and disease, juvenile rainbow trout (O. mykiss) were experimentally infected with the pathogen V. anguillarum. Changes in blood pathogen levels and corresponding indicators of physiological and cellular stress were examined over a period of 8 d. Chloride ion concentrations significantly decreased by 6 d post-challenge. At this point blood pathogen concentrations had reached peak levels. Haematocrit and haemoglobin levels also changed over time. The decrease in plasma protein concentration at 6 d post challenge, indicating a probable haemodilution, was a causative factor in these changes. Plasma Cortisol and liver and head kidney hsp70 levels increased from day 3, reaching peak values 24 h prior to clinical signs of disease. Hsp70 is involved in the glucocorticoid response and the observed increase of both hsp70 and Cortisol may have functional consequences in the immune response. A simple explanation for responses to live challenge may be that infectious bacteria damage cellular components, thus altering cellular homeostasis and inducing stress proteins.
Difficult Scenarios for NMSSM Higgs Discovery at the LHC
Creators: name: Ellwanger, Ulrich
name: Gunion, John F.
name: Hugonie, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We identify scenarios not ruled out by LEP data in which NMSSM Higgs detection at the LHC will be particularly challenging. We first review the `no-lose' theorem for Higgs discovery at the LHC that applies if Higgs bosons do not decay to other Higgs bosons - namely, with L=300 fb^-1, there is always one or more `standard' Higgs detection channel with at least a 5 sigma signal. However, we provide examples of no-Higgs-to-Higgs cases for which all the standard signals are no larger than 7 sigma implying that if the available L is smaller or the simulations performed by ATLAS and CMS turn out to be overly optimistic, all standard Higgs signals could fall below 5 sigma even in the no-Higgs-to-Higgs part of NMSSM parameter space. In the vast bulk of NMSSM parameter space, there will be Higgs-to-Higgs decays. We show that when such decays are present it is possible for all the standard detection channels to have very small significance. In most such cases, the only strongly produced Higgs boson is one with fairly SM-like couplings that decays to two lighter Higgs bosons (either a pair of the lightest CP-even Higgs bosons, or, in the largest part of parameter space, a pair of the lightest CP-odd Higgs bosons). A number of representative bench-mark scenarios of this type are delineated in detail and implications for Higgs discovery at various colliders are discussed.
description: 31 pages, 5 figures
Working principles of doping-well structures for high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems
Creators: name: Chung, Yoon Jang
name: Rosales, K. A. Villegas
name: Baldwin, K. W.
name: West, K. W.
name: Shayegan, M.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppressing electron scattering is essential to achieve high-mobility two-dimensional electron systems (2DESs) that are clean enough to probe exotic interaction-driven phenomena. In heterostructures it is common practice to utilize modulation doping, where the ionized dopants are physically separated from the 2DES channel. The doping-well structure augments modulation doping by providing additional screening for all types of charged impurities in the vicinity of the 2DES, which is necessary to achieve record-breaking samples. Despite its prevalence in the design of ultra-high-mobility 2DESs, the working principles of the doping-well structure have not been reported. Here we elaborate on the mechanics of electron transfer from doping wells to the 2DES, focusing on GaAs/AlGaAs samples grown by molecular beam epitaxy. Based on this understanding we demonstrate how structural parameters in the doping well can be varied to tune the properties of the 2DES.
description: 6 pages, 5 fitures
Analyticity of the one-particle density matrix
Creators: name: Hearnshaw, Peter
name: Sobolev, Alexander V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 35B65, Secondary 35J10, 81V55

description: It is proved that the one-particle density matrix $γ(x, y)$ for multi-particle systems is analytic away from the nuclei and from the diagonal $x = y$.
description: 31 pages. Compared to the previous version, the introduction has been rewritten, presentation in Sect. 4,5 has been improved
Ludonarrative_Dissonance_Is_Storytelling.pdf
Creators: name: SERAPHINE, Frédéric
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: 120304 Digital and Interaction Design
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 170110 Psychological Methodology, Design and Analysis
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 120302 Design Innovation

description: This paper is a literature review focusing on the term “Ludonarrative Dissonance” which was coined by the game designer and scriptwriter Clint Hocking in a blog post from 2007. Through diverse blog posts and academic papers that reused the term, this essay is attempting to identify a definition of the concept that factors the different ways it can be perceived. It identifies a dichotomy of concepts that participate in creating the dissonance: the opposition between incentives and directives and how it is handled both in the narrative and ludic structures.
Spatially resolved spectral phase interferometry with isolated attosecond pulse
Creators: name: Mashiko, Hiroki
name: Chen, Ming-Chang
name: Asaga, Koji
name: Oshima, Akihiro
name: Katayama, Ikufumi
name: Takeda, Jun
name: Nishikawa, Tadashi
name: Oguri, Katsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We characterized spatially resolved spectral phase interferometry with an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP). The measured spatial-spectral interferogram and spectral interference fringe visibility show a high degree of IAPs spatial and spectral coherences. In addition, the characterized spectral-delay interferogram shows periodic temporal oscillations over the full IAP continuous spectrum, which indicates high temporal coherence. The IAP coherence over broad continuous spectral region holds potential for realizing the time-resolved IAP phase-based spectroscopy, which will contribute to exploring spatiotemporal dispersive electronic wave dynamics in the future.