cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
W$^\pm$-boson production in p$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 8.16$ TeV and PbPb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of the W$^\pm$ bosons measured in p$-$Pb collisions at a centre-of-mass energy per nucleon$-$nucleon collision $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 8.16$ TeV and Pb$-$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.02$ TeV with ALICE at the LHC is presented. The W$^\pm$ bosons are measured via their muonic decay channel, with the muon reconstructed in the pseudorapidity region $-4 < η^μ_{\rm lab} < -2.5$ with transverse momentum $p_{\rm T}^μ> 10$ GeV/$c$. While in Pb$-$Pb collisions the measurements are performed in the forward ($2.5 < y^μ_{\rm cms} < 4$) rapidity region, in p$-$Pb collisions, where the centre-of-mass frame is boosted with respect to the laboratory frame, the measurements are performed in the backward ($-4.46 < y^μ_{\rm cms} < -2.96$) and forward ($2.03 < y^μ_{\rm cms} < 3.53$) rapidity regions. The W$^{-}$ and W$^{+}$ production cross sections, lepton-charge asymmetry, and nuclear modification factors are evaluated as a function of the muon rapidity. In order to study the production as a function of the p$-$Pb collision centrality, the production cross sections of the W$^{-}$ and W$^{+}$ bosons are combined and normalised to the average number of binary nucleon$-$nucleon collision $\langle N_\mathrm{coll} \rangle$. In Pb$-$Pb collisions, the same measurements are presented as a function of the collision centrality. Study of the binary scaling of the W$^\pm$-boson cross sections in p$-$Pb and Pb$-$Pb collisions is also reported. The results are compared with perturbative QCD (pQCD) calculations, with and without nuclear modifications of the Parton Distribution Functions (PDFs), as well as with available data at the LHC. Significant deviations from the theory expectations are found in the two collision systems, indicating that the measurements can provide additional constraints for the determination of nuclear PDF (nPDFs) and in particular of the light-quark distributions.
description: 37 pages, 12 captioned figures, 5 tables, authors from page 32, published version, figures at http://alice-publications.web.cern.ch/node/7884
Temperature dependence of Quark and Gluon condensate In The Dyson-Schwinger Equations At Finite Temperature
Creators: name: Li-Juan, Zhou
name: Bo, Zheng
name: Hong-wei, Zhong
name: Wei-xing, Ma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the Dyson-Schwinger Equations (DSEs) with zero- and finite temperature, the two quark condensate, the four quark condensate and quark gluon mixed condensate in non-perturbative QCD state are investigated by solving the DSEs respectively at zero and finite temperature. These condensates are important input parameters in QCD sum rule with zero and finite temperature and properties of hadronic study. The calculated results manifest that the three condensates are almost independent of the temperature below the critical point temperature $T_{c}$. The results also show that the chiral symmetry restoration is obtained above $T_{c}$. At the same time, we also calculate the ratio of the quark gluon mixed condensate to the two quark condensate which could be quark virtuality. The calculations show that the ratio $m^{2}_{0}(T)$ is almost flat in the region of temperature from $0$ to $T_{c}$, although there are drastic changes of the quark condensate and the quark gluon mixed condensate at this region of $T_{c}$.The predicted ratio comes out to be $m^{2}_{0}(T)= 2.41GeV^{2}$ for vacuum state at the Chiral limit, which suggests the significance that the quark gluon mixed condensate has played in OPE.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
Force-Gradient Sensing and Entanglement via Feedback Cooling of Interacting Nanoparticles
Creators: name: Rudolph, Henning
name: Delić, Uroš
name: Aspelmeyer, Markus
name: Hornberger, Klaus
name: Stickler, Benjamin A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show theoretically that feedback-cooling of two levitated, interacting nanoparticles enables differential sensing of forces and the observation of stationary entanglement. The feedback drives the two particles into a stationary, non-thermal state which is susceptible to inhomogeneous force fields and which exhibits entanglement for sufficiently strong inter-particle couplings. We predict that force-gradient sensing at the zepto-Newton per micron range is feasible and that entanglement due to the Coulomb interaction between charged particles can be realistically observed in state-of-the-art setups.
description: 14 pages, 4 figures
Internal Flows in an Evaporating Colloidal Drop
Creators: name: DU, FAN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2023
Subjects: Physical chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: This thesis investigates the flows inside an evaporating, particle-laden liquid drop using the principles of fluid mechanics. In daily life, the flows in a coffee drop leaves behind a “coffee ring” on the table after the water evaporates. This thesis has found a new fluid mechanical mechanism in the evaporating drop that not only can generate the “coffee ring”, but also can separate particles in the drop according to their properties. The finding of this thesis leads to a new understanding of the physics of evaporating drops which will lead to new technological applications.
Colossal Spin Hall Effect in Ultrathin Metallic Films
Creators: name: Herschbach, Christian
name: Fedorov, Dmitry V.
name: Gradhand, Martin
name: Mertig, Ingrid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict spin Hall angles up to 80% for ultrathin noble metal films with substitutional Bi impurities. The colossal spin Hall effect is caused by enhancement of the spin Hall conductivity in reduced sample dimension and a strong reduction of the charge conductivity by resonant impurity scattering. These findings can be exploited to create materials with high efficiency of charge to spin current conversion by strain engineering.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures
Short-Term Density Forecasting of Low-Voltage Load using Bernstein-Polynomial Normalizing Flows
Creators: name: Arpogaus, Marcel
name: Voss, Marcus
name: Sick, Beate
name: Nigge-Uricher, Mark
name: Dürr, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The transition to a fully renewable energy grid requires better forecasting of demand at the low-voltage level to increase efficiency and ensure reliable control. However, high fluctuations and increasing electrification cause huge forecast variability, not reflected in traditional point estimates. Probabilistic load forecasts take future uncertainties into account and thus allow more informed decision-making for the planning and operation of low-carbon energy systems. We propose an approach for flexible conditional density forecasting of short-term load based on Bernstein polynomial normalizing flows, where a neural network controls the parameters of the flow. In an empirical study with 363 smart meter customers, our density predictions compare favorably against Gaussian and Gaussian mixture densities. Also, they outperform a non-parametric approach based on the pinball loss for 24h-ahead load forecasting for two different neural network architectures.
The nature of hydrogen in gamma-alumina
Creators: name: Li, Yunguo
name: Lousada, Cláudio M.
name: Korzhavyic, Pavel A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gibbs free energy models are derived from the calculated electronic and phonon structure of two possible models of $γ$-alumina, a defective spinel phase and a hydrogenated spinel phase. The intrinsic vacancies and hydrogen in the two structural models give rise to a considerable configurational (residual) entropy and significantly contribute to thermodynamic stability and physical-chemical properties of $γ$-alumina, which was neglected in previous studies but considered in this work. The electronic densities of states, calculated using a hybrid functional for the two structural models of $γ$-alumina, are presented. The dynamic stability of the two phases is confirmed by full-spectrum phonon calculations. The two phases share many similarities in their electronic structure, but can be distinguished by their vibrational spectra and specific heat. The defective spinel is found to be the ground state of $γ$-alumina, while the hydrogenated spinel to be a metastable phase. However, dehydration of the metastable phase into the ground state is expected to be slow due to the low diffusion rate of H, which leaves hydrogen as a locked-in impurity in $γ$-alumina.
Ballistic transport properties in pristine-doped-pristine graphene junctions
Creators: name: Ardenghi, Juan Sebastian
name: Bechthold, Pablo
name: Gonzalez, Estela
name: Jasen, Paula
name: Juan, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the ballistic electron transport in a monolayer graphene with configurational averaged impurities, located between two clean graphene leads. It is shown that the electron transmission are strongly dependent on the concentration of impurities and the incident energy. In turn, the conductance computed using the Landauer formalism shows a similar behavior to those found in experimental works as a function of the applied voltage for different concentrations of impurities in the limit of low temperatures. In the limit of zero bias voltage, the conductance shows a minimum value which reduces to zero for high concentration of impurities which disentangle graphene sublattices. These results can be very helpful for exploring the tunneling mechanism of electrons through doped thermodynamically stable graphene.
Differential $t\bar{t}$ cross-section measurements using boosted top quarks in the all-hadronic final state with 139 fb$^{-1}$ of ATLAS data
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of single-, double-, and triple-differential cross-sections are presented for boosted top-quark pair-production in 13 $\text{TeV}$ proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. The top quarks are observed through their hadronic decay and reconstructed as large-radius jets with the leading jet having transverse momentum ($p_{\text{T}}$) greater than 500 GeV. The observed data are unfolded to remove detector effects. The particle-level cross-section, multiplied by the $t\bar{t} \rightarrow W W b \bar{b}$ branching fraction and measured in a fiducial phase space defined by requiring the leading and second-leading jets to have $p_{\text{T}} > 500$ GeV and $p_{\text{T}} > 350$ GeV, respectively, is $331 \pm 3 \text{(stat.)} \pm 39 \text{(syst.)}$ fb. This is approximately 20$\%$ lower than the prediction of $398^{+48}_{-49}$ fb by Powheg+Pythia 8 with next-to-leading-order (NLO) accuracy but consistent within the theoretical uncertainties. Results are also presented at the parton level, where the effects of top-quark decay, parton showering, and hadronization are removed such that they can be compared with fixed-order next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNLO) calculations. The parton-level cross-section, measured in a fiducial phase space similar to that at particle level, is $1.94 \pm 0.02 \text{(stat.)} \pm 0.25 \text{(syst.)}$ pb. This agrees with the NNLO prediction of $1.96^{+0.02}_{-0.17}$ pb. Reasonable agreement with the differential cross-sections is found for most NLO models, while the NNLO calculations are generally in better agreement with the data. The differential cross-sections are interpreted using a Standard Model effective field-theory formalism and limits are set on Wilson coefficients of several four-fermion operators.
description: 105 pages in total, author list starting page 88, 50 figures, 5 tables, published in JHEP. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2018-11
Supersymmetric rotating black hole spacetime tested by geodesics
Creators: name: Diemer, Valeria
name: Kunz, Jutta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the complete analytical solution of the geodesics equations in the supersymmetric BMPV spacetime \cite{Breckenridge:1996is}. We study systematically the properties of massive and massless test particle motion. We analyze the trajectories with analytical methods based on the theory of elliptic functions. Since the nature of the effective potential depends strongly on the rotation parameter $ω$, one has to distinguish between the underrotating case, the critical case and the overrotating case, as discussed by Gibbons and Herdeiro in their pioneering study \cite{Gibbons:1999uv}. We discuss various properties which distinguish this spacetime from the classical relativistic spacetimes like Schwarzschild, Reissner-Nordström, Kerr or Myers-Perry. The overrotating BMPV spacetime allows, for instance, for planetary bound orbits for massive and massless particles. We also address causality violation as analyzed in \cite{Gibbons:1999uv}.
description: 37 pages, 27 figures
Hierarchical Dirichlet Process Based Gamma Mixture Modelling for Terahertz Band Wireless Communication Channels
Creators: name: Karakoca, Erhan
name: Kurt, Güneş Karabulut
name: Görçin, Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Due to the unique channel characteristics of Terahertz (THz), comprehensive propagation channel modeling is essential to understand the spectrum and develop reliable communication systems in these bands. In this work, we propose the utilization of the hierarchical Dirichlet process Gamma mixture model (DPGMM) to characterize THz channels statistically in the absence of any prior knowledge. DPGMM provides mixture component parameters and the required number of components. A revised expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm is also proposed as a pre-step for DPGMM. Kullback-Leibler Divergence (KL-divergence) is utilized as an error metric to examine the amount of inaccuracy of the EM algorithm and DPGMM when modeling the experimental probability density functions (PDFs). DPGMM and EM algorithm are implemented over the measurements taken at frequencies between 240 GHz and 300 GHz. By comparing the results of the DPGMM and EM algorithms for the measurement datasets, we demonstrate how well the DPGMM fits the target distribution. It is shown that the proposed DPGMM can accurately describe the various THz channels as well as the EM algorithm, and its flexibility allows it to represent more complex distributions better than the EM algorithm. We also demonstrated that DPGMM can be used to model any wireless channel due to its versatility.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures
Surface flow for colonial integration in reef-building corals
Creators: name: Bouderlique, Thibault
name: Petersen, Julian
name: Faure, Louis
name: Abed-Navandi, Daniel
name: Bouchnita, Anass
name: Mueller, Benjamin
name: Nazarov, Murtazo
name: Englmaire, Lukas
name: Tesarova, Marketa
name: R. Frade, Pedro
name: Zikmund, Tomas
name: Koehne, Till
name: Kaiser, Jozef
name: Fried, Kaj
name: Wild, Christian
name: Pantos, Olga
name: Hellander, Andreas
name: Bythell, John
name: Adameyko, Igor
Publisher: name: Institute of Environmental Science and Research
Year: 2023
Subjects: Marine engineering
Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)

description: Reef-building corals are endangered animals with a complex colonial organization. Physiological mecha?nisms connecting multiple polyps and integrating them into a coral colony are still enigmatic. Using live im?aging, particle tracking, and mathematical modeling, we reveal how corals connect individual polyps and form integrated polyp groups via species-specific, complex, and stable networks of currents at their surface. These currents involve surface mucus of different concentrations, which regulate joint feeding of the colony. Inside the coral, within the gastrovascular system, we expose the complexity of bidirectional branching streams that connect individual polyps. This system of canals extends the surface area by 4-fold and might improve communication, nutrient supply, and symbiont transfer. Thus, individual polyps integrate via com?plex liquid dynamics on the surface and inside the colony.
A Study of the Attitude for e-Commerce Website of Tourist Industries Behavior in Sam Pran, Nakhon Pathom
Creators: name: Anothai Bunyaboon
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Attitude
Behavior
E-Commerce

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 579-592
Cluster sets for partial sums and partial sum processes
Creators: name: Einmahl, Uwe
name: Kuelbs, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Let $X,X_1,X_2,\ldots$ be i.i.d. mean zero random vectors with values in a separable Banach space $B$, $S_n=X_1+\cdots+X_n$ for $n\ge1$, and assume $\{c_n:n\ge1\}$ is a suitably regular sequence of constants. Furthermore, let $S_{(n)}(t),0\le t\le1$ be the corresponding linearly interpolated partial sum processes. We study the cluster sets $A=C(\{S_n/c_n\})$ and $\mathcal{A}=C(\{S_{(n)}(\cdot)/c_n\})$. In particular, $A$ and $\mathcal{A}$ are shown to be nonrandom, and we derive criteria when elements in $B$ and continuous functions $f:[0,1]\to B$ belong to $A$ and $\mathcal{A}$, respectively. When $B=\mathbb{R}^d$ we refine our clustering criteria to show both $A$ and $\mathcal{A}$ are compact, symmetric, and star-like, and also obtain both upper and lower bound sets for $\mathcal{A}$. When the coordinates of $X$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ are independent random variables, we are able to represent $\mathcal {A}$ in terms of $A$ and the classical Strassen set $\mathcal{K}$, and, except for degenerate cases, show $\mathcal{A}$ is strictly larger than the lower bound set whenever $d\ge2$. In addition, we show that for any compact, symmetric, star-like subset $A$ of $\mathbb{R}^d$, there exists an $X$ such that the corresponding functional cluster set $\mathcal{A}$ is always the lower bound subset. If $d=2$, then additional refinements identify $\mathcal{A}$ as a subset of $\{(x_1g_1,x_2g_2):(x_1,x_2)\in A,g_1,g_2\in\mathcal{K}\}$, which is the functional cluster set obtained when the coordinates are assumed to be independent.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/12-AOP827 the Annals of Probability (http://www.imstat.org/aop/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Security Incident - Attack Simulator v1
Creators: name: Kontoulis, Michael
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Simulation
Cyber-attack Vectors

description: This document describes in detail the state-of-the-art of cyber-attack testing, the purpose and the methodology for the implementation of the Security Incident / Attack Simulator component, and its relation with the other relative SPHINX deliverables and tasks. In addition, an overview of the currently selected tools that shall be used for the simulation processes is provided.
Nonparametric Representation of Neutron Star Equation of State Using Variational Autoencoder
Creators: name: Han, Ming-Zhe
name: Tang, Shao-Peng
name: Fan, Yi-Zhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new nonparametric representation of the neutron star (NS) equation of state (EoS) by using the variational autoencoder (VAE). As a deep neural network, the VAE is frequently used for dimensionality reduction since it can compress input data to a low-dimensional latent space using the encoder component and then reconstruct the data using the decoder component. Once a VAE is trained, one can take the decoder of the VAE as a generator. We employ 100,000 EoSs that are generated using the nonparametric representation method based on \citet{2021ApJ...919...11H} as the training set and try different settings of the neural network, then we get an EoS generator (trained VAE's decoder) with four parameters. We use the mass\textendash{}tidal-deformability data of binary neutron star (BNS) merger event GW170817, the mass\textendash{}radius data of PSR J0030+0451, PSR J0740+6620, PSR J0437-4715, and 4U 1702-429, and the nuclear constraints to perform the joint Bayesian inference. The overall results of the analysis that includes all the observations are $R_{1.4}=12.59^{+0.36}_{-0.42}\,\rm km$, $Λ_{1.4}=489^{+114}_{-110}$, and $M_{\rm max}=2.20^{+0.37}_{-0.19}\,\rm M_\odot$ ($90\%$ credible levels), where $R_{1.4}$/$Λ_{1.4}$ are the radius/tidal-deformability of a canonical $1.4\,\rm M_\odot$ NS, and $M_{\rm max}$ is the maximum mass of a non-rotating NS. The results indicate that the implementation of the VAE techniques can obtain the reasonable results, while accelerate calculation by a factor of $\sim$ 3\textendash10 or more, compared with the original method.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, 1 table, published in ApJ
Transformational Leadership and Good Governance Affecting the Effectiveness of Local Administrative Organizations in Wan Yai District Mukdahan Province
Creators: name: Thawit Piwpong
Publisher: name: DR.KEN Institute of Academic Development and Promotion
Year: 2022
Subjects: Transformational Leadership
Good Governance
Effectiveness of Local Administrative Organizations

description: Interdisciplinary Academic and Research Journal, 2, 5, 593-612
Thermodynamic properties of asymptotically Reissner-Nordstrom black holes
Creators: name: Hendi, Seyed Hossein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by possible relation between Born-Infeld type nonlinear electrodynamics and an effective low-energy action of open string theory, asymptotically Reissner--Nordstrom black holes whose electric field is described by a nonlinear electrodynamics (NLED) are studied. We take into account a four dimensional topological static black hole ansatz and solve the field equations, exactly, in terms of the NLED as a matter field. The main goal of this paper is investigation of thermodynamic properties of the obtained black holes. Moreover, we calculate the heat capacity and find that the nonlinearity affects the minimum size of stable black holes. We also use Legendre-invariant metric proposed by Quevedo to obtain scalar curvature divergences. We find that the singularities of the Ricci scalar in Geometrothermodynamics (GTD) method take place at the Davies points.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, to appear in Annals of Physics
Rigid and Separable Algebras in Fusion 2-Categories
Creators: name: Décoppet, Thibault D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18M20, 18N25 (Primary), 18M30, 18N10 (Secondary)

description: Rigid monoidal 1-categories are ubiquitous throughout quantum algebra and low-dimensional topology. We study a generalization of this notion, namely rigid algebras in an arbitrary monoidal 2-category. Examples of rigid algebras include $G$-graded fusion 1-categories, and $G$-crossed fusion 1-categories. We explore the properties of the 2-categories of modules and of bimodules over a rigid algebra, by giving a criterion for the existence of right and left adjoints. Then, we consider separable algebras, which are particularly well-behaved rigid algebras. Specifically, given a fusion 2-category, we prove that the 2-categories of modules and of bimodules over a separable algebra are finite semisimple. Finally, we define the dimension of a connected rigid algebra in a fusion 2-category, and prove that such an algebra is separable if and only if its dimension is non-zero.
description: A missing hypothesis was added to the statement of theorem 3.2.4
Some remarks on the Krein--von Neumann extension of different Laplacians
Creators: name: Mugnolo, Delio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47D06, 35J25

description: We discuss the Krein--von Neumann extensions of three Laplacian-type operators -- on discrete graphs, quantum graphs, and domains. In passing we present a class of one-dimensional elliptic operators such that for any $n\in \mathbb N$ infinitely many elements of the class have $n$-dimensional null space.
description: 13 pages
Development of carbon-supported metal alloy nanoparticles and single atom electrocatalysts for cathodic hydrogen and oxygen reduction reactions
Creators: name: ZHANG, FEIFEI
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Electrochemical energy storage and conversion

description: The thesis investigates nanomaterials and single atoms as electrocatalysts for electrochemical devices including electrolysers and fuel cells for efficient storage and utilisation of renewable electricity. It develops highly active and durable electrocatalysts for cost-effective production of hydrogen and hydrogen peroxide by alloying the noble metals with earth-abundant transition metals and downsizing metal nanoparticles to single atoms. The thesis advances the fundamental knowledge of designing nanostructured catalysts for energy and environmental applications.
Optical coherence tomography for characterization of nanocomposite materials
Creators: name: Schneider, Simon
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2020

description: Nanocomposite materials play an increasingly important role in various application areas, be it in an industrial, medical or everyday environment. The unique properties of nanocomposites go beyond those of conventional composite materials. Because nanoparticles have a high surface-to-volume ratio such as carbon nanotubes, they can reinforce an embedding polymer host matrix mechanically, or they enhance the electrical material conductivity. A major challenge in the development of nanoparticles and nanocomposites is the control of particle size and shape, and of the uniform dispersion of nanoparticles in the host material. Conventional characterization techniques lack either resolution, or can only inspect details of small samples. In this book, the application of optical coherence tomography (OCT) for nanocomposite and nanoparticle characterization is investigated. OCT is a threedimensional imaging method with microscopic resolution. We follow a multiscale approach: Along with imaging in the micrometre to millimetre regime, we employ a light scattering model to extend the measurement range towards nanoparticle sizes. Industrial use cases pose additional challenges to OCT systems, namely robustness, small system cost and size, and an open path towards parallelization. Photonic integrated systems comply with these requirements, and they allow a dense integration of a multitude of systems on a single chip. We design and investigate silicon photonic integrated OCT systems that comprise interferometer and balanced photodetectors on a silicon chip.
The influence of short range forces on melting along grain boundaries
Creators: name: Hüter, C.
name: Twiste, F.
name: Spatschek, R.
name: Neugebauer, J.
name: Brener, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate a model which couples diffusional melting and nanoscale structural forces via a combined nano-mesoscale description. Specifically, we obtain analytic and numerical solutions for melting processes at grain boundaries influenced by structural disjoining forces in the experimentally relevant regime of small deviations from the melting temperature. Though spatially limited to the close vicinity of the tip of the propagating melt finger, the influence of the disjoining forces is remarkable and leads to a strong modification of the penetration velocity. The problem is represented in terms of a sharp interface model to capture the wide range of relevant length scales, predicting the growth velocity and the length scale describing the pattern, depending on temperature, grain boundary energy, strength and length scale of the exponential decay of the disjoining potential. Close to equilibrium the short-range effects near the triple junctions can be expressed through a contact angle renormalisation in a mesoscale formulation. For higher driving forces strong deviations are found, leading to a significantly higher melting velocity than predicted from a purely mesoscopic description.
description: 10 pages
Wormhole solutions in the presence of nonlinear Maxwell field
Creators: name: Hendi, S. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generalizing of the Maxwell field to nonlinear electrodynamics theories, we look for the magnetic solutions. In initial approximation these models give the usual linear electrodynamics. We consider a suitable metric and investigate the properties of the solutions. Also, we use the cut-and-paste method to construct wormhole structure. We generalize the static solutions to rotating spacetime and obtain conserved quantities.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
The local standard of rest from data on young objects with account for the Galactic spiral density wave
Creators: name: Bobylev, Vadim
name: Bajkova, Anisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To estimate the peculiar velocity of the Sun with respect to the Local Standard of Rest (LSR), we used young objects in the Solar neighborhood with distance measurement errors within 10%-15%. These objects were the nearest Hipparcos stars of spectral classes O-B2.5, masers with trigonometric parallaxes measured by means of VLBI, and two samples of the youngest and middle-aged Cepheids. The most significant component of motion of all these stars is induced by the spiral density wave. As a result of using all these samples and taking into account the differential Galactic rotation, as well as the influence of the spiral density wave, we obtained the following components of the vector of the peculiar velocity of the Sun with respect to the LSR: (Uo,Vo,Wo)_{LSR}=(6.0,10.6,6.5)+\-(0.5,0.8,0.3) km/s. We have found that components of the Solar velocity are quite insensitive to errors of the distance Ro in a broad range of its values, from Ro=7.5 kpc to Ro=8.5 kpc, that affect the Galactic rotation curve parameters. In the same time, the Solar velocity components(Uo)_{LSR} and (Vo)_{LSR}$ are very sensitive to the Solar radial phase in the spiral density wave.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, 4 tables, accepted MNRAS
Lithium-ion-conducting membrane for selective lithium extraction
Creators: name: Habiba, Umma
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Inorganic materials (incl. nanomaterials)
Separation technologies

description: This thesis establishes a simple method called sol-gel dip coating for the fabrication of lithium selective ceramic thin membranes supported on a porous substrate. It identifies ways for making the lithium selective membranes using the knowledge from Lithium-ion conducting battery materials and separates lithium from other metal ions using electric potential. It introduces a new kind of membrane material for lithium extraction which may be very useful for lithium mining and recycling.
Five years of surveys for herbicide resistant weeds
Creators: name: Ngow, Zachary
name: Ando, Yuichi
name: Buddenhagen, Chris
name: Gunnarsson, Matilda
name: Hackell, Deb
name: Harvey, Ben
name: James, Trevor
name: Rolston, Phil
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300409
subject: Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)

description: Prior to the herbicide resistance surveys, 14 weed species were reported to be herbicide resistant. The arable and viticultural industries have high agrochemical usage and are believed to be at a high risk for herbicide resistant weeds.Arable farms from Canterbury, Otago, Southland, Hawkes Bay and Wairarapa; maize farms from Bay of Plenty, Waikato, Hawkes Bay and Wairarapa and vineyards from Marlborough, Canterbury, Gisborne and Hawkes Bay were surveyed for weeds from 2019-2023. Seed from weeds were collected and tested with a range of herbicides.Widespread resistance was observed for weeds already known to be resistant: ryegrass in arable farms (29% of arable farms) to group 1 and 2 herbicides, ryegrass in vineyards (40%) to glyphosate and fathen in maize (31%) to atrazine. Wild oats were observed to be resistant to group 1 and 2 herbicides in arable farms. Willow weed, poa and chickweed were resistant to group 2 herbicides in Southland arable farms. Summer grass appears to be an emerging resistant weed in Waikato maize.Several weeds were observed to be resistant for the first time in arable farms in New Zealand: sow thistles to group 2 herbicides, prairie grass to pyroxsulam and lesser canary grass to group 1 and 2 herbicides. Arable farms in the North Island had fewer resistant weed species and a lower proportion of farms with any resistant weeds (15%), than those in the South Island (49%), and vineyards in the North Island also had a lower proportion of resistant vineyards (10%), than those in the South Island (50%). Herbicide resistance was more prevalent in Waikato maize than those of other North Island regions.After five years of surveys, the number of resistant weed species recorded is now 21.
Enzymatic Biodiesel Production from Simulated Low-quality Feedstocks Using Liquid Lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0: Performance Evaluation and Lipase Recovery
Creators: name: CHANG, MUN YUEN
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Chemical engineering design

description: Biodiesel is a promising alternative fuel to fossil diesel. There has been substantial interest in using third-generation feedstock to produce biodiesel because they are economically and environmentally more favorable than refined vegetable oil. In this work, a low-cost liquid lipase Eversa® Transform 2.0 was used as a biocatalyst. A novel method to recover lipase by the addition of chitosan into the lipase solution was also studied. In summary, Eversa® Transform 2.0 is an efficient enzyme for synthesising biodiesel from feedstocks containing high FFA. The economics and sustainability of biodiesel production can be improved by applying simple enzyme recovery methods.
One-site density matrix renormalization group and alternating minimum energy algorithm
Creators: name: Dolgov, Sergey V.
name: Savostyanov, Dmitry V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 15A18, 15A69, 65F10, 65F15, 82B28, 82B20

description: Given in the title are two algorithms to compute the extreme eigenstate of a high-dimensional Hermitian matrix using the tensor train (TT) / matrix product states (MPS) representation. Both methods empower the traditional alternating direction scheme with the auxiliary (e.g. gradient) information, which substantially improves the convergence in many difficult cases. Being conceptually close, these methods have different derivation, implementation, theoretical and practical properties. We emphasize the differences, and reproduce the numerical example to compare the performance of two algorithms.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of ENUMATH 2013
D2.1 5G Security: Current Status and Future Trends
Creators: name: Millar, Grant
name: Kafchitsas, Anastasios
name: Orestis Mavrooulos
name: Kourtis, Anastasios
name: Xilouris, George
name: Christopoulou, Maria
name: Kolometsos, Stavros
name: Oca, Edgardo Montes De
name: Nguyen, Huu Nghia
name: Antonio Pastor
name: Fernandez, Sonia
name: Lopez, Diego
name: Lefebvre, Vincent
name: Chafika Benzaid
name: Taleb, Tarik
name: Othmane Hireche
name: Boukhalfa, Mohammed
name: Farooq, Muhammad
name: Yongchao, Dang
name: Gaber, Chrystel
name: Grimault, Jean-Luc
name: Chopin, Morgan
name: Vilchez, Jose Manuel Sanchez
name: Kahina Lazri
name: Vázquez-Gallego, Francisco
name: Nadal, Laia
name: Vilalta, Ricard
name: Gür, Gürkan
name: Tellenbach, Bernhard
name: Ortiz, Jordi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: This Deliverable presents the current security landscape of 5G networks, as well as the evolution of requirements and trends in 5G security. It includes a summary of the 5G threat landscape, the 5G networks classification criteria and their threat taxonomy; a description of security requirements of 5G systems, divided into domain-specific use cases, and the elicitation of security requirements from relevant stakeholders in 5G; the current status of 5G networks, the solutions state for securing 5G systems, the standardization effort in the domain of 5G security, the relevant 5G projects, and open source initiatives; and a description of future trends and technologies in 5G networks, their limitations, and gaps related to the security of 5G networks. This deliverable aims to provide a basis for the identification of use cases and the development of 5G security enablers in INSPIRE-5Gplus.
Charge rotating black string in gravitating nonlinear electromagnetic fields
Creators: name: Hendi, Seyed Hossein
name: Sheykhi, Ahmad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a new class of charged rotating black string solutions coupled to a nonlinear electromagnetic field in the background of anti-de Sitter spaces. We consider two types of nonlinear electromagnetic field namely, logarithmic and exponential forms. We investigate the geometric effects of nonlinearity parameter and find that for large $r$, these solutions recover the rotating back string solutions of Einstein-Maxwell theory. We calculate the conserved and thermodynamic quantities of the rotating black string. We also analyze thermodynamics of the spacetime and verify the validity of the first law of thermodynamics for the obtained solutions.
description: 11 pages, 3 eps figures
Frequency Coded Chipless RFID Sensors for IoT Applications
Creators: name: FATHI, PARYA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Wireless communication systems and technologies (incl. microwave and millimetrewave)

description: Chipless radio-frequency identification (RFID) sensors play a significant role in deploying the Internet of things (IoT), but they still have challenges for vast real-world implementation. This thesis investigates some of the current challenges, provides solutions for designing and fabricating low-cost, robust, bio-compatible sensors, and develops methods to enhance the detection reliability of the sensor data.
KAPITAL BOZORINI RIVOJLANTIRISHDA DIVIDEND SIYOSATINI OPTIMALLASHTIRISH
Creators: name: Ergasheva, Sarvinoz
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Aksiyadorlik jamiyatlarida dividend siyosati haqida 53-moddaning birinchi qismi O'zbekiston Respublikasining 2008-yil 31-dekabrdagi O'RQ-197 sonli Qonuni tahririda - O'zbekiston Respublikasi qonun hujjatlari to'plami, 2008-y., 52-son, 513-modda belgilab qo'yilgan.
Managing herbicide resistance – the end game
Creators: name: James, Trevor
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 300409
subject: Crop and pasture protection (incl. pests, diseases and weeds)

description: Herbicide resistance was first reported in New Zealand in 1979 when fathen (Chenopodium album) survived high rates of atrazine. Since then studies on herbicide resistance have been ad hoc and followed complaints of herbicides failing to control weeds that are normally susceptible. Between 1979 and the commencement of this research programme, ten more species were found to be resistant to one or more herbicides.The research programme initiated in 2018 with funding from MBIE Endeavour fund and various stakeholders comprised four research areas viz. RA1 Anticipaticipating herbicide resistance, RA2 Changing herbicide practices, RA3 Identifying instances of resistance and RA4 Managing herbicide resistant weeds.Key findings were: RA1 revealed that herbicide resistance is strongly correlated to agricultural intensification, fertiliser and herbicide use as well as prevalence of a weed, chromosome number and seed mass. From global data, machine learning is able to help predict resistance high-risk weed species.RA2 found the drivers of grower behaviour re herbicide use, were complex and involved personal preferences as well as farm system and industry requirements. Education on herbicide resistance needs to happen at multiple levels.RA3 Surveys carried out found much higher levels of herbicide resistance than originally anticipated and identified six new resistant weed species. Discovery of resistance mechanisms lead to the development of genetic quick tests for resistance.RA4 The development of electro-microshock technology offers a new nonchemical intervention for managing resistance weeds.Stakeholder feedback revealed that coordinated engagement with farmers destigmatized herbicide resistance, enabling necessary conversations and co-learning to take place.
Effect of Substrate Heating Strategy on Laser Directed Energy Deposited Ti-6Al-4V
Creators: name: WANG, JIEXIONG
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Additive manufacturing

description: Three substrate heating strategies have been applied to the laser directed energy deposition of Ti-6Al-4V. From experimental and numerical studies on the effects of substrate heating strategies on the in-situ temperature profile, residual stress, microstructure, and mechanical properties of deposited Ti-6Al-4V, the optimal substrate heating strategy has been recommended for the Ti-6Al-4V deposition, regarding the residual stress management and mechanical properties improvement. Furthermore, the mechanisms of residual stress formation and reduction have been established related to the in-situ temperature. The relationship between the in-situ temperature and microstructure of deposited Ti-6Al-4V has also been investigated.
Dense periodic packings of tori
Creators: name: Gabbrielli, Ruggero
name: Jiao, Yang
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dense packings of nonoverlapping bodies in three-dimensional Euclidean space are useful models of the structure of a variety of many-particle systems that arise in the physical and biological sciences. Here we investigate the packing behavior of congruent ring tori, which are multiply connected nonconvex bodies of genus 1, as well as horn and spindle tori. We analytically construct a family of dense periodic packings of unlinked tori guided by the organizing principles originally devised for simply connected solid bodies [Torquato and Jiao, PRE 86, 011102 (2012)]. We find that the horn tori as well as certain spindle and ring tori can achieve a packing density higher than the densest known packing of both sphere and ellipsoids. In addition, we study dense packings of cluster of pair-linked ring tori (i.e., Hopf links).
description: 15 pages, 7 figures
Rendering graphene supports hydrophilic with non-covalent aromatic functionalization for transmission electron microscopy
Creators: name: Pantelic, Radosav S.
name: Fu, Wangyang
name: Schoenenberger, Christian
name: Stahlberg, Henning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Amorphous carbon films have been routinely used to enhance the preparation of frozen-hydrated transmission electron microscopy (TEM) samples, either in retaining protein concentration, providing mechanical stability or dissipating sample charge. However, strong background signal from the amorphous carbon support obstructs that of the sample, and the insulating properties of amorphous carbon films preclude any efficiency in dispersing charge. Graphene addresses the limitations of amorphous carbon. Graphene is a crystalline material with virtually no phase or amplitude contrast and unparalleled, high electrical carrier mobility. However, the hydrophobic properties of graphene have prevented its routine application in Cryo-TEM. This letter reports a method for rendering graphene TEM supports hydrophilic - a convenient approach maintaining graphene's structural and electrical properties based on non-covalent, aromatic functionalization.
Data for: A hierarchical and fuzzy conspecific recognition system in predator nematodes
Creators: name: Ekino, Taisuke
name: Yoshiga, Toyoshi
name: Takeuchi-Kaneko, Yuko
name: Ichihara, Yu
name: Kanzaki, Natsumi
name: Shinya, Ryoji
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: cannibalism
chemical recognition
cuticle structure
tactile recognition
umwelt
Evolution

description: Organisms have evolved a diverse array of recognition systems; the most well-understood systems are present in the nematode species Caenorhabditis elegans and Pristionchus pacificus. Nematodes are among the largest phyla, exhibit simple locomotion, and have a common nervous system; thus, they are good model organisms for the investigation of diverse array of recognition systems. However, little is known regarding differences in recognition systems among nematode species. Here, we show that conspecific recognition systems differ among predator nematode species in terms of accuracy. Although the predator nematode Seinura caverna avoided feeding on conspecifics and related predator species, a previous study showed that the predator P. pacificus can distinguish self-progeny from the progeny of closely related strains. Furthermore, our results imply that S. caverna achieves hierarchical conspecific recognition by combining chemical cues with physical resources. A similar hierarchical conspecific recognition mechanism has not been reported in P. pacificus. Because S. caverna possesses traits that are useful in genetic studies of recognition systems, it provides a useful model for the understanding of recognition diversification at neural and genetic levels.
description: Funding provided by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691
Award Number: 20J00170Funding provided by: Japan Society for the Promotion of Science
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001691
Award Number: 22H02690Funding provided by: Japan Science and Technology Agency
Crossref Funder Registry ID: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002241
Award Number: JPMJFR210A