cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
MOESM4 of Spatiotemporal spread of sarcoptic mange in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Switzerland over more than 60 years: lessons learnt from comparative analysis of multiple surveillance tools
Creators: name: Pisano, Simone
name: Zimmermann, Fridolin
name: Rossi, Luca
name: Simon Capt
name: Akdesir, Ezgi
name: Bürki, Roland
name: Kunz, Florin
name: Origgi, Francesco
name: Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4: Table S6. Answers to the questionnaire survey on sarcoptic mange in foxes per year (<1980–2017). Table S7. Answers to the questionnaire survey on sarcoptic mange in foxes per Swiss canton (<1980–2017). Figure S8. Changes in the occurrence of foxes with mange-like lesions in districts of surveillance per surface area. Figure S9. Temporal occurrence of mange-like lesions in foxes per number of cantons and districts of surveillance (questionnaire survey <1980–2017). Figure S10. Reliability categories of sarcoptic mange diagnosis in foxes (questionnaire survey 2001–2017). Figure S11. Trends in the occurrence of mange-like lesions in foxes in Switzerland (questionnaire survey 2001–2017).
Chronic kidney disease of undetermined cause (CKDu): an exploratory study analysing associations between an emerging epidemic and environmental risk factors
Creators: name: Hamilton, Sophie Annalisa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: An epidemic of chronic kidney disease is occurring in rural communities in low-and middle-income countries. Characterised by chronic impairment of kidney function, this disease is not associated with known risk factors diabetes or hypertension and occurs primarily in communities characterised by a hot climate with reliance on agricultural work. Hypothesised environmental risk factors include heat stress, heavy metals and pesticide exposure, and low altitude. As it is unclear whether there is a unified aetiology, this disease has been termed chronic kidney disease of undetermined cause (CKDu). In this thesis I aimed to investigate whether the above environmental exposures are CKDu risk factors. Firstly, I conducted a global geographical analysis of CKDu using the global burden of disease database, modelling age-standardized death rates to highlight potential high-risk regions. To analyse CKDu at the individual level I developed a methodological framework to analyse satellite imagery and measure potable water sources and blood for heavy metals. I use Bayesian kernel machine regression (BKMR) to investigate associations between kidney function and heavy metals in blood. I analysed data from Sri Lanka and India, which are CKDu endemic, but aetiologies are unknown. Using satellite-derived data, associations between kidney function temperature, altitude, and vicinity to cropland were investigated. I then analysed data in Malawi which is suspected as high-risk based on similarities of climate and agriculture typical of endemic regions. Via a nested cross-sectional study, associations between kidney function and satellite-derived data were conducted. Heavy metals concentrations in potable water and blood samples were analysed using BKMR. Results suggest CKDu is not present in Malawi. There were no associations between temperature, altitude, heavy metals, or vicinity to cropland and reduced kidney function. BKMR showed potential interactions between reduced kidney function and low blood Cadmium concentrations. In Sri Lanka and India, elevated temperature was not associated with CKDu. However, in Sri Lanka associations were observed with agricultural work; in India vicinity to cropland was associated. My findings challenge the current hypothesis that CKDu is a heat-related disease. My environmental exposure framework can be used as a foundation for further research facilitating international comparisons of environmental risk factors for CKDu.
The role of belief systems and misperceptions in halal tourism policy: evidences from Indonesia
Creators: name: Hennida, Citra
name: Nauvarian, Demas
name: Saptari, Nabila Olivia
name: Putri, Rizky Sugianto
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Policy business management and public policy have dominated the discussion on changes and continuity in halal tourism policy formulation. However, similar results across differing cases suggest the need for a novel explanation that accounts for a socio-cultural explanation. This research aims to explore the role of belief systems and misperceptions to explain the success and failure of halal tourism policy sustainability. The case of Indonesia is the perfect laboratory for this research as the country hosts diverse strands of Islam, which are not limited to religious practice. This research utilizes qualitative comparative methodology by sampling two of Indonesia’s top halal tourism destinations, Lombok and Yogyakarta, which are chosen through maximum variation sampling based on their diversity of Islamic belief systems. Furthermore, this research found that while the two areas similarly have a segmented religious community, the institutionalized strands differ. In Yogyakarta, the moderate ruling elite has become the monarchy leading the region’s governance, while in Lombok, purist religious leaders hold political power. The differing belief systems have resulted in a polarised misperception of halal tourism that has hindered its policy implementation in different ways. This research breaks new ground in the realm of halal tourism, through the socio-cultural dimensions of policy making. Highlights belief systems, particularly for Indonesia’s diverse landscape. Yogyakarta is a city where diverse identities foster moderate Islam. In contrast, Lombok is a city dominated by pure Islamic ideology, thus forming its local perception regarding halal tourism. These contrasting contexts not only reveal complexities within the tourism sector but also highlight broader societal dynamics. The findings underscore the important relationship between policy sustainability and communal beliefs. Although political will and decentralization pose challenges, differences in local belief systems often determine the success or failure of halal tourism initiatives. This research suggests a socialization approach that is inclusive and oriented to the socio-cultural landscape. By fostering dialogue and understanding, stakeholders can face these complex challenges, paving the way for a more sustainable and inclusive halal tourism industry in Indonesia.
MOESM3 of Spatiotemporal spread of sarcoptic mange in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Switzerland over more than 60 years: lessons learnt from comparative analysis of multiple surveillance tools
Creators: name: Pisano, Simone
name: Zimmermann, Fridolin
name: Rossi, Luca
name: Simon Capt
name: Akdesir, Ezgi
name: Bürki, Roland
name: Kunz, Florin
name: Origgi, Francesco
name: Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Table S5. Spatiotemporal distribution of foxes with sarcoptic mange and rabies (1967–1990). Figure S5. Foxes with sarcoptic mange analysed per year at the SRC. Figure S6. Spatiotemporal distribution of foxes with sarcoptic mange and/or rabies (1967–1990). Figure S7. Sarcoptic mange and rabies spread in Switzerland (1967–1992).
The Scattering Map on Oppenheimer--Snyder Spacetime
Creators: name: Alford, Frederick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we analyse the boundedness of solutions $ϕ$ of the wave equation in the Oppenheimer--Snyder model of gravitational collapse in both the case of a reflective dust cloud and a permeating dust cloud. We then proceed to define the scattering map on this space-time, and look at the implications of our boundedness results on this scattering map. Specifically, it is shown that the energy of $ϕ$ remains uniformly bounded going forward in time and going backwards in time for both the reflective and the permeating cases, and it is then shown that the scattering map is bounded going forwards, but not backwards, and is therefore not surjective onto the space of finite energy on $\mathcal{I}^+\cup\mathcal{H}^+$. Thus there does not exist a backwards scattering map from finite energy radiation fields on $\mathcal{I}^+\cup\mathcal{H}^+$ to finite energy radiation fields on $\mathcal{I}^-$. We will then contrast this with the situation for scattering in pure Schwarzschild.
title: Indirect Effects of Microplastic-Contaminated Soils on Adjacent Soil Layers
title: Vertical Changes in Soil Physical Structure and Water Flow
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kim, Shin Woong
name: Liang, Yun
name: Zhao, Tingting
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: aggregates
subject: fibers
subject: films
subject: heterogeneous pollution
subject: water path
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Previous microplastic research under laboratory conditions has focused on microplastics that are homogeneously mixed into test media, in order to maximize test reproducibility and uniform bio-accessibility. Here we specifically focused on testing the idea that microplastics in soil could affect adjacent soil layers not containing microplastic themselves. We included two different microplastics (low-density polyethylene films and polyacrylonitrile fibers) and carried out a soil column test consisting of three different vertical layers (0–3 cm, top, control soil; 3–6 cm, middle, microplastic-containing soil; 6–9 cm, bottom, control soil). Our study shows that microplastic-containing soil layers can act as an anthropogenic barrier in the soil column, interrupting the vertical water flow. These changes directly affected the water content of adjacent layers, and changes in the proportion of soil aggregate sizes occurred for each depth of the soil columns. We also observed that these physical changes trigger changes in soil respiration, but do not translate to effects on enzyme activities. These results imply that the soil environment in non-contaminated parts of the soil can be altered by microplastic contamination in adjacent layers, as might occur for example during ploughing on agricultural fields. More generally, our results highlight the need to further examine effects of microplastic in experiments that do not treat this kind of pollution as uniformly distributed.
Study of Beam Energy Spectrum Measurement in the NLC Extraction Line
Creators: name: Nosochkov, Y.
name: Raubenheimer, T. O.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The NLC extraction line provides a secondary focal point with a low beta function and 2 cm dispersion which can be used for measurement of the beam energy spectrum. In this study, tracking simulations were performed to transport the 0.5 TeV electron beam from the Interaction Point (IP) to the secondary focus (SF), ``measure'' the resultant transverse beam profile and reconstruct the disrupted IP energy spread. In the simulation, the obtained energy spectrum reproduced the initial IP spread reasonably well, especially with the vertical dispersion at SF which provides larger ratio of dispersion to the betatron beam size.
description: PAC2001, 4 pages
One hundred years of phase polymorphism research in locusts
Creators: name: Pflüger, Hans-Joachim
name: Bräunig, Peter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Locust polyphenism
subject: Biogenic amines
subject: Motor and sensory behaviour
subject: Chemical ecology
subject: Gene expression
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::571 Physiologie und verwandte Themen

description: One hundred years ago in 1921, Sir Boris Uvarov recognized that two locust species are one species but appearing in two different phases, a solitarious and a gregarious phase. As locust swarms are still a big problem affecting millions of people, basic research has tried to understand the causes for the transition between phases. This phenomenon of phase polymorphism, now called polyphenism, is a very complex multifactorial process and this short review will draw attention to this important aspect of insect research.
MERLIN observations of Stephan's Quintet
Creators: name: Xanthopoulos, E.
name: Muxlow, T. W. B.
name: Thomasson, P.
name: Garrington, S. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present MERLIN L-band images of the compact galaxy group, Stephan's Quintet. The Seyfert 2 galaxy, NGC 7319, the brightest member of the compact group, is seen to have a triple radio structure typical of many extra-galactic radio sources which have a flat spectrum core and two steep spectrum lobes with hot spots. The two lobes are asymmetrically distributed on opposite sides of the core along the minor axis of the galaxy. Ultraviolet emission revealed in a high resolution HRC/ACS HST image is strongly aligned with the radio plasma and we interpret the intense star formation in the core and north lobe as an event induced by the collision of the north radio jet with over-dense ambient material. In addition, a re-mapping of archive VLA L-band observations reveals more extended emission along the major axis of the galaxy which is aligned with the optical axis. Images formed from the combined MERLIN and archive VLA data reveal more detailed structure of the two lobes and hot spots.
description: Completely revised version with new HST data included, to appear in MNRAS
MOESM1 of Effect of mild hypothermia on lung injury after cardiac arrest in swine based on lung ultrasound
Creators: name: Chunshuang Wu
name: Jiefeng Xu
name: Xiaohong Jin
name: Qijiang Chen
name: Zilong Li
name: Zhang, Mao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Coronary perfusion pressure during CPR.
Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) uncicurva Pandelle 1896
Creators: name: Whitmore, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Sarcophagidae
Sarcophaga
Sarcophaga uncicurva

description: Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) uncicurva Pandellé, 1896
(Figs 19–20)
 Sarcophaga uncicurva Pandellé, 1896: 183. Type locality: France, Var, Hyères.
 Type material examined. Lectotype ♂: ♂ / S497 // Sarcophaga uncicurva / Pandellé, 1896 / LEPTOTIPO [sic!] / Desig. Peris et al. / Bol. R. Soc. Esp. Hist. Nat. (MNHN) (cf. Pape 2004b).
 Material from Sardinia. A11: 13.IX.2006, 0\1. S2: 13–27.VI.2006, 1\0. W03: 24.III.2004, 2\0. W04: 10–25.VII.2004, 2\0.
 Additional material. Italy. Calabria: Cosenza prov., Villapiana, beach, 18.V.1998, PC MM, 4\0. Latium: Latina prov., Capo Circeo, spiaggia sud [= south beach], 21.IX.1939, NC, 1\0 (MZUR). Sicily: Agrigento prov., Torre Salsa, dune [= dunes], 22.V.2004, PC DB GN DW, 4\3.
 Chorotype. W-Mediterranean.
 Italian distribution. Calabria (Böttcher 1913b); Latium (Saccà & Rivosecchi 1953); Lombardy (Böttcher 1913b, doubtful); Sardinia; Sicily (Böttcher 1913b); Tuscany (Verity 1918; Saccà & Rivosecchi 1953). Saccà and Rivosecchi (1953) recorded this species also from the Marches, but the specimen (in MZUR) belongs to an undescribed species closely related to S. thirionae. Böttcher’s (1913b:127) illustration of S. uncicurva does not correspond to Pandellé’s species (see above), so his record from Pavia (Lombardy) should be considered doubtful.
 Biology. A parasitoid of Eobania vermiculata (Müller), Theba pisana (Gastropoda: Helicidae) and Cernuella virgata (Gastropoda: Hygromiidae) (cf. Coupland & Barker 2004).
 Remarks. New to Sardinia. Not yet recorded from Corsica (Pape 2004a).
description: Published as part of Whitmore, Daniel, 2009, A review of the Sarcophaga (Heteronychia) (Diptera: Sarcophagidae) of Sardinia *, pp. 566-588 in Zootaxa 2318 on page 584
Geometric optimization using nonlinear rotation-invariant coordinates
Creators: name: Sassen, Josua
name: Heeren, Behrend
name: Hildebrandt, Klaus
name: Rumpf, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 65D18, 65K10, 65D17, 74S30

description: Geometric optimization problems are at the core of many applications in geometry processing. The choice of a representation fitting an optimization problem can considerably simplify solving the problem. We consider the Nonlinear Rotation-Invariant Coordinates (NRIC) that represent the nodal positions of a discrete triangular surface with fixed combinatorics as a vector that stacks all edge lengths and dihedral angles of the mesh. It is known that this representation associates a unique vector to an equivalence class of nodal positions that differ by a rigid body motion. Moreover, integrability conditions that ensure the existence of nodal positions that match a given vector of edge lengths and dihedral angles have been established. The goal of this paper is to develop the machinery needed to use the NRIC for solving geometric optimization problems. First, we use the integrability conditions to derive an implicit description of the space of discrete surfaces as a submanifold of an Euclidean space and a corresponding description of its tangent spaces. Secondly, we reformulate the integrability conditions using quaternions and provide explicit formulas for their first and second derivatives facilitating the use of Hessians in NRIC-based optimization problems. Lastly, we introduce a fast and robust algorithm that reconstructs nodal positions from almost integrable NRIC. We demonstrate the benefits of this approach on a collection of geometric optimization problems. Comparisons to alternative approaches indicate that NRIC-based optimization is particularly effective for problems involving near-isometric deformations.
Supplementary material from A reactor for in situ, time-resolved neutron diffraction studies of microwave-induced rapid solid state chemical reactions
Creators: name: McFadzean, Ross George Bell
name: Smith, Ronald
name: Drysdale, Timothy David
name: Gregory, Duncan
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 340299
subject: Inorganic chemistry not elsewhere classified

description: Supp_FINAL.docx
MOESM2 of Spatiotemporal spread of sarcoptic mange in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes) in Switzerland over more than 60 years: lessons learnt from comparative analysis of multiple surveillance tools
Creators: name: Pisano, Simone
name: Zimmermann, Fridolin
name: Rossi, Luca
name: Simon Capt
name: Akdesir, Ezgi
name: BĂźrki, Roland
name: Kunz, Florin
name: Origgi, Francesco
name: Ryser-Degiorgis, Marie-Pierre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table S3. Cantonal occurrence of sarcoptic mange in foxes examined in the framework of general health surveillance for wildlife at the FIWI (1958â 2018). Table S4. Yearly occurrence of sarcoptic mange in foxes examined at the FIWI. Figure S1. Monthly distribution of foxes with mange-like lesions examined at the FIWI. Figure S2. Number of foxes found dead and culled in Switzerland and of foxes examined per year at the FIWI. Figure S3. Number of foxes examined per period at the FIWI. Figure S4. Spatiotemporal distribution of foxes with sarcoptic mange examined at the FIWI (1958â 2017).
A no-thin-air memory model for programming languages
Creators: name: Pichon-Pharabod, Jean Yves Alexis
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: concurrency
relaxed memory models
C/C++

description: Many hardware and compiler optimisations introduced to speed up single-threaded programs also introduce additional, sometimes surprising, behaviours for concurrent programs with shared mutable state. How many of these extra behaviours occur in practice depends on the combination of the hardware, compiler, runtime, etc. that make up the platform. A memory model, which prescribes what values each read of a concurrent program can read, allows programmers to determine whether a program behaves as expected without having to worry about the details of the platform. However, capturing these behaviours in a memory model without also including undesirable "out-of-thin-air" behaviours that do not occur in practice has proved elusive. The memory model of C and C++ allows out-of-thin-air behaviour, while the Java memory model fails to capture some behaviours that are introduced in practice by compiler optimisations. In this thesis, we propose a memory model that forbids out-of-thin-air behaviour, yet allows the behaviours that do occur. Our memory model follows operational intuitions of how the hardware and compilers operate. We illustrate that it behaves as desired on a series of litmus tests. We show that it captures at least some of the expected behaviours, that it forms an envelope around some common compiler optimisations, and that it is implementable on common hardware using the expected compilation schemes. We also show that it supports some established programming idioms.
description: EPSRC Programme Grant REMS: Rigorous Engineering for Mainstream Systems, EP/K008628/1 Computer Laboratory Premium Research Studentship
Distribution of the largest eigenvalues of the Levi - Smirnov ensemble
Creators: name: Wieczorek, Waldemar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the distribution of the k-th largest eigenvalue in the random matrix Levi-Smirnov (LSE) ensemble, using the spectral dualism between LSE and chiral Gaussian Unitary Ensemble (GUE). Then we reconstruct universal spectral oscillations and we investigate an asymptotic behavior of the spectral distribution.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, Latex
Age and Hydration of Competing Horses Influence the Outcome of Elite 160 km Endurance Rides
Creators: name: Bollinger, Lena
name: Bartel, Alexander
name: Küper, Alina
name: Weber, Corinna
name: Gehlen, Heidrun
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: endurance horse
subject: endurance riding
subject: World Championship
subject: long-distance riding
subject: infusion
subject: risk factor
subject: elimination
subject: age requirements equestrian sports
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: High elimination rates and the concern for horse welfare are important issues in endurance riding. An improved understanding of the causes of elimination could increase completion rates in this sport. We have identified pre-ride risk factors that allow an assessment of potential elimination before the ride. A longitudinal cohort study was performed among 49 healthy horses competing in the 160 km endurance ride at the 2016 World Championship of Endurance Riding in Samorin/Slovakia. Blood samples were drawn before the ride. For statistical evaluation, horses were categorized in three groups: finishers, lame and metabolically eliminated horses. Risk factors were calculated for each group using multinomial logistic regression. A 1% increase in hematocrit levels was associated with a higher OR for elimination (lameness: OR 1.26, p = 0.017; metabolic: OR 1.34, p = 0.010). Furthermore, increased potassium values correlated negatively with the race outcome. For a 1 mmol/l increase in potassium, the lameness OR was 4.21, p = 0.039 and metabolic OR was 1.15, p = 0.848. Eight-year-old horses had a 100% elimination rate and survival analyses showed a significantly higher hazard for elimination (p = 0.025). We thus conclude that age and hydration affect the outcome of elite endurance rides. Further investigation of age as a risk factor seems to be clinically relevant and adjustments of FEI qualification modes may be appropriate.
Doppler tomography as a tool for detecting exoplanet atmospheres
Creators: name: Watson, Christopher
name: de Mooij, Ernst
name: Steeghs, Danny
name: Marsh, Tom
name: Brogi, Matteo
name: Gibson, Neale
name: Matthews, Shannon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution Doppler spectroscopy is a powerful tool for identifying molecular species in the atmospheres of both transiting and non-transiting exoplanets. Currently, such data is analysed using cross-correlation techniques to detect the Doppler shifting signal from the orbiting planet. In this paper we demonstrate that, compared to cross-correlation methods currently used, the technique of Doppler tomography has improved sensitivity in detecting the subtle signatures expected from exoplanet atmospheres. This is partly due to the use of a regularizing statistic, which acts to suppress noise, coupled to the fact that all the data is fit simultaneously. In addition, we show that the technique can also effectively suppress contanimating spectral features that may arise due to overlapping lines, repeating line patterns, or the use of incorrect linelists. These issues can confuse conventional cross-correlation approaches, primarily due to aliasing issues inherent in such techniques, whereas Doppler tomography is less susceptible to such effects. In particular, Doppler tomography shows exceptional promise for simultaneously detecting multiple line species (e.g. isotopologues), even when there are high contrasts between such species -- and far outperforms current CCF analyses in this respect. Finally, we demonstrate that Doppler tomography is capable of recovering molecular signals from exoplanets using real data, by confirming the strong detection of CO in the atmosphere of Tau Boo b. We recover a signal with a planetary radial velocity semi-amplitude Kp = 109.6 +/- 2.2 km/s, in excellent agreement with the previously reported value of 110.0 +/- 3.2 km/s.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
A review of agricultural production risk in the developing world
Creators: name: Hurley, Terrance M.
name: Hurley, Terrance M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Production Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: Development
subject: Production Risk
subject: Risk Attitudes

description: Many of the poor in the developing world rely on agriculture for their livelihood. Unfortunately, agricultural production is inherently risky, which puts these farmers at risk of not being able to meet even their basic subsistence needs. Therefore, understanding these farmers’ attitudes towards and responses to production risk is an important piece of the puzzle for designing effective interventions to help them overcome poverty. The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the empirical literature that investigates farmers’ risk attitudes and responses to production risk in developing countries. Some attention is given to the implications of production risk for the uptake and use of new technologies. The paper also provides a review of the theoretical foundations that have guided the bulk of this research. Finally, the paper discusses several opportunities for furthering the knowledge gained to date.
Trichrysis Lichtenstein 1876
Creators: name: Strumia, Franco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2009
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Chrysididae
Trichrysis

description: Key to Mediterranean species of Trichrysis
1 Discoidal cell on forewing present, distal margin of TIII with a median tooth............................................................ 2
 - Discoidal cell on forewing absent, distal margin of TIII rounded ...................................................Chrysidea Bischoff 2 Facial brow ending above middle of compound eye height ............................................................................ T. cyanea
- Facial brow ending at middle of compound eye height (Fig. 10)................................................................................. 3
 3 Space between teeth of T III straight or slightly concave (Fig. 9) ................................................................... T. lacerta
 - Space between teeth of T III straight or convex (Figs 5, 6).......................................................................................... 4
 4 Punctures on tergites strong and of the same size as on notum, space between teeth of T III moderately convex (Fig. 6), compound eye without a carina all around, black spots on SII very close together, nearly fused and touching...... ...................................................................................................................................................................... T. scioensis
 - Space between teeth of T III strongly convex (Fig. 5), carina present all around the compound eye (Fig. 7), the two black spots on TII small, transverse and well separated ......................................................................... T. baratzsensis
description: Published as part of Strumia, Franco, 2009, Trichrysis baratzsensis sp. nov. (Hymenoptera: Chrysididae) from Sardinia *, pp. 589-595 in Zootaxa 2318 on pages 591-592
Re $A_0$ and Re $A_2$ from Quenched Lattice QCD
Creators: name: Cristian, Calin R.
name: Collaboration, RBC
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used domain wall fermions to calculate $K \to π$ and $K \to 0$ matrix elements which can be used to study the $ΔI = 1/2$ rule for K decays in the Standard Model. Nonlinearities in the $ΔI = 3/2$ matrix elements due to chiral logarithms are explored and the subtractions needed for the $ΔI = 1/2$ matrix elements are discussed. Using renormalization factors calculated using non-perturbative renormalization then yields values for real $A_0$ and $A_2$. We present the details of our quenched $16^3 \times 32 \times 16$, $β= 6.0$, $M_5 = 1.8$ simulation, where a previous calculation showed that the finite $L_s$ chiral symmetry breaking effects are small ($m_{\rm res} \approx 4 \rm MeV$).
description: Lattice 2001(hadronic matrix elements), 3 pages, 4 figures
NLC Beam Properties and Extraction Line Performance with Beam Offset at IP
Creators: name: Nosochkov, Y.
name: Raubenheimer, T. O.
name: Thompson, K. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Properties of the disrupted NLC beam at the Interaction Point (IP) and particle loss in the extraction line are analyzed as a function of beam-to-beam position and angular offset at IP. The simulations show that disruption and beam loss maximize when the vertical beam separation at IP is about 20 times the rms vertical beam size. The horizontal offset does not increase the disruption and the beam loss. The angular offsets cause particle loss in the extraction line mainly because of the beam orbit oscillations.
description: PAC2001, 4 pages
title: Eine Portion Angespanntheit gegen Reality
Creators: name: Ilić, Matija
Publisher: name: Fachinformationsdienst Slavistik
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Napet šou Šelić, Marko
subject: 491.8

description: Hoffe nicht und verzweifle nicht. Im Prinzip hängt nichts von dir selber ab. Hoffnung und Verzweiflung sind ein und dasselbe, nur von verschiedenen Seiten betrachtet. Deshalb ist die anhaltende Angespanntheit der beste Zustand, in dem man sich befinden kann. Mit seiner “Napet šou”(dt.: „Angespannte Show“) macht sich der serbische Hip-Hop-Schriftsteller Marko Šelić aka Marčelo bereit für das, was kommt.
description: novinkigegengelesen
The role of glycosaminoglycans in vascular stiffness and non-osmotic sodium storage
Creators: name: Connolly, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: Glycosaminoglycans
Vascular stiffness
Hypertension
Non-osmotic sodium storage
Skin
Sodium
Aorta

description: The goal of this thesis was to investigate the interplay between sodium, glycosaminoglycans, vascular stiffness, and hypertension. In contrast to the traditional view of salt-dependent hypertension, recent studies have found that sodium accumulation can occur without commensurate fluid retention. Researchers hypothesise that this sodium is stored non-osmotically via association with negatively charged glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) in the extracellular matrix. The interaction of sodium and GAGs, the influence of sodium on GAG production, and the ability of GAGs to affect vascular stiffness are of key interest. This thesis first investigates the link between hypertension, vascular stiffness, and GAGs in ex vivo human aortae. Aortae from hypertensive donors were found to be stiffer than normotensive controls even after controlling for both pressure and age, a novel finding in humans. In these aortae, hypertension was associated with GAG remodelling, but not with changes in total GAG content. Next, an interventional rat study is presented to examine the effects of dietary salt on vascular stiffness and GAGs, and to distinguish between salt-dependent and blood pressure-dependent effects. In vivo vascular stiffness was found to be salt-dependent but pressure-independent, with ex vivo stiffness unaffected by salt. Ex vivo stiffness was also independent of aortic GAG content, similar to the human aortae described previously. GAG content in the skin was both salt-dependent and pressure-dependent. Finally, this thesis closes with an interventional study in humans. This study was designed to examine the effects of diuretic-induced salt loss on sodium storage, GAGs, and haemodynamics. An eight-day diuretic course corresponded to a ~10% reduction in skin sodium content, without associated water loss or cardiovascular changes. GAG mRNA expression was decreased in the skin, suggesting reduced GAG content. Pilot work from this study supports the use of 23Na MRI as a non-invasive measurement of skin sodium, but only for pre- vs post-treatment comparisons rather than absolute quantification. In conclusion, this thesis demonstrates that both salt and blood pressure influence GAG accumulation and distribution, but that GAGs do not directly affect vascular stiffness. However, GAGs do play a direct role in osmotically inactive sodium storage, which may modulate development of hypertension.
description: Cambridge Overseas Trust Translational Medicine and Therapeutics programme (TMAT) Division of Clinical Pharmacology
Additional file 1 of Risk for cardiovascular disease associated with metabolic syndrome and its components: a 13-year prospective study in the RIVANA cohort
Creators: name: Guembe, María J.
name: Fernandez-Lazaro, Cesar I.
name: Sayon-Orea, Carmen
name: Toledo, Estefanía
name: Moreno-Iribas, Conchi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix S1. Diagnostic criteria for endpoints of the study. Appendix S2. Percentages of imputed information for imputed variables. Appendix S3. Causes of death, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, other cardiovascular causes, other non-cardiovascular causes, cancer, and unknown causes, among the participants of the Rivana (Vascular Risk in Navarre) cohort (n = 3,976). Appendix S4. Kaplan-Meier estimates of the cumulative incidence of A) myocardial infarction, B) stroke, C) mortality from cardiovascular causes, and D) all-cause mortality according to the number of metabolic syndrome traits (0-1 trait, 2 traits, 3 traits, 4 traits, and 5 traits) in the Rivana cohort (n = 3,976).
‘We the heads of state …’: Pitfalls of global constitutional practice
Creators: name: Kuntz, Friederike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: constituent power
subject: constituted power
subject: global constitutionalization
subject: heads of state
subject: history
subject: practice
subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: Constitutions are social and historical artefacts that take part in the government of humans. Based on a comparison of how contemporary ‘global’ and historical ‘local’ constitutional documents establish power relations between ‘humans’ and their ‘government’, this article suggests that both types of documents involve different constitutive logics. Global constitutional documents create a ‘new normativity’ – a reversed constitution – that turns the historical relationship between pouvoir constituant and pouvoir constitué on its head. Such documents shift the primary responsibility for human rights from governments to humans. Research in the academic field of global constitutionalism omits this constitutional reconfiguration. By offering a more historically sensitive and reflexive account of constitutionalization, the field of global constitutionalism can realize an as yet unexplored critical potential.
The complex X-ray spectrum of the supersoft source MR Vel
Creators: name: Bearda, Henk
name: Hartmann, Wouter
name: Ebisawa, Ken
name: Heise, John
name: Kaastra, Jelle
name: van der Meer, Rob
name: Verbunt, Frank
name: Motch, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the X-ray spectrum of MR Vel/RXJ0925.7-4758 obtained with the Medium Energy Grating spectrometer of the Chandra X-ray Telescope. The simplest models used by earlier authors, stellar atmospheres in combination with a thermal plasma in collisional ionization equilibrium, cannot explain the spectrum. Neither does a photo-ionized plasma. We identify P Cygni profiles of Fe XVII and O VIII, from which we conclude that these lines arise in a wind. We conclude that major uncertainty exists about the bolometric luminosity of MR Vel, and perhaps of supersoft sources in general, so that the theoretical prediction that this luminosity derives from steady nuclear burning cannot be verified.
description: accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics, 6 pages, 2 figures
Sulphur abundances in disk stars: a correlation with silicon
Creators: name: Chen, Y. Q.
name: Nissen, P. E.
name: Zhao, G.
name: Asplund, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed new determinations of sulphur and silicon abundances for a sample of 26 disk stars based on high-resolution, high signal-to-noise spectra. The results indicate a solar [S/Fe] for [Fe/H] >-0.3, below which [S/Fe] increases to ~0.25 dex at [Fe/H] =-1.0. We find that there is a good correlation between [S/H] and [Si/H], indicating the same nucleosynthetic origin of the two elements. It seems that the ratio of sulphur to silicon does not depend on metallicity for [Fe/H]> -1.0. The implications of these results on models for the nucleosynthesis of alpha-capture elements and the chemical evolution of the Galaxy are discussed.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted by A&A
Limits on cosmological variation of quark masses and strong interaction
Creators: name: Dmitriev, V. F.
name: Flambaum, V. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss limits on variation of $(m_q/Λ_{QCD})$. The results are obtained by studying $n-α$-interaction during Big Bang, Oklo natural nuclear reactor data and limits on variation of the proton $g$-factor from quasar absorpion spectra.
description: 5 pages, RevTex
MOESM1 of Biomass and dominance of conservative species drive above-ground biomass productivity in a mediterranean-type forest of Chile
Creators: name: Ayma-Romay, Ariel
name: Bown, Horacio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 1: Online Resource 1. Relative basal area of tree species across 12 plots in the National Reserve Roblería de los Cobres de Loncha (Chile). Online Resource 2. Wood density of nine tree species of the Chilean mediterranean-type matorral. Online Resource 3. Analyzing linear and nonlinear relationships of biotic and abiotic variables with AGBP. Online Resource 4. Simple pairwise linear regressions analyzing the effect of species diversity, vegetation quantity, species relative abundance and soil resources availability on above-ground biomass productivity of the mediterranean-type matorral of Chile. Online Resource 5. Backward elimination procedure for selecting variables explaining above-ground biomass through multiple linear regressions. Online Resources 6. Pairwise correlation matrix among independent variables.
What is the minimum CHSH score certifying that a state resembles the singlet?
Creators: name: Valcarce, Xavier
name: Sekatski, Pavel
name: Orsucci, Davide
name: Oudot, Enky
name: Bancal, Jean-Daniel
name: Sangouard, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A quantum state can be characterized from the violation of a Bell inequality. The well-known CHSH inequality for example can be used to quantify the fidelity (up to local isometries) of the measured state with respect to the singlet state. In this work, we look for the minimum CHSH violation leading to a non-trivial fidelity. In particular, we provide a new analytical approach to explore this problem in a device-independent framework, where the fidelity bound holds without assumption about the internal working of devices used in the CHSH test. We give an example which pushes the minimum CHSH threshold from $\approx2.0014$ to $\approx2.05,$ far from the local bound. This is in sharp contrast with the device-dependent (two-qubit) case, where entanglement is one-to-one related to a non-trivial singlet fidelity. We discuss this result in a broad context including device-dependent/independent state characterizations with various classical resources.
description: 15 pages (7+8), 2 figures
1/M correction to quenched QCD with non-zero baryon density
Creators: name: Aarts, Gert
name: Kaczmarek, Olaf
name: Karsch, Frithjof
name: Stamatescu, Ion-Olimpiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the κ^2 corrections to the quenched limit of μ>0 QCD. We use an improved reweighting procedure.
description: Lattice2001(hightemp), 3 pages
XY ring-exchange model on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Balents, Leon
name: Paramekanti, Arun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study ring-exchange models for bosons or XY-spins on the triangular lattice. A four-spin exchange leads to a manifold of ground states with gapless excitations and critical power-law correlations. With a nearest-neighbour exchange, fluctuations select a four-fold ferrimagnetically ordered ground state with a small spin/superfluid stiffness which breaks the global U(1) and translational symmetry. We explore consequences for phase transitions at finite temperature and in an in-plane magnetic field.
description: 9 pgs (RevTeX), 4 figs
Structural and functional brain plasticity for statistical learning
Creators: name: Karlaftis, Vasileios Misak
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2018
Subjects: statistical learning
brain plasticity
cortico-striatal circuits
Diffusion Tensor Imaging
resting-state fMRI
graph theory
decision strategy
matching
maximization
PLS regression
tractography
ICA

description: Extracting structure from initially incomprehensible streams of events is fundamental to a range of human abilities: from navigating in a new environment to learning a language. These skills rely on our ability to extract spatial and temporal regularities, often with minimal explicit feedback, that is known as statistical learning. Despite the importance of statistical learning for making perceptual decisions, we know surprisingly little about the brain circuits and how they change when learning temporal regularities. In my thesis, I combine behavioural measurements, Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) and resting-state fMRI (rs-fMRI) to investigate the structural and functional circuits that are involved in statistical learning of temporal structures. In particular, I compare structural connectivity as measured by DTI and functional connectivity as measured by rs-fMRI before vs. after training to investigate learning-dependent changes in human brain pathways. Further, I combine the two imaging modalities using graph theory and regression analyses to identify key predictors of individual learning performance. Using a prediction task in the context of sequence learning without explicit feedback, I demonstrate that individuals adapt to the environment’s statistics as they change over time from simple repetition to probabilistic combinations. Importantly, I show that learning of temporal structures relates to decision strategy that varies among individuals between two prototypical distributions: matching the exact sequence statistics or selecting the most probable outcome in a given context (i.e. maximising). Further, combining DTI and rs-fMRI, I show that learning-dependent plasticity in dissociable cortico-striatal circuits relates to decision strategy. In particular, matching relates to connectivity between visual cortex, hippocampus and caudate, while maximisation relates to connectivity between frontal and motor cortices and striatum. These findings have potential translational applications, as alternate brain routes may be re-trained to support learning ability when specific pathways (e.g. memory-related circuits) are compromised by age or disease.
description: This work was supported by grants to Professor Zoe Kourtzi from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (H012508 and BB/P021255/1), the Leverhulme Trust (RF-2011-378), the Alan Turing Institute (TU/B/000095), the Wellcome Trust (205067/Z/16/Z) and the [European Community's] Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under agreement PITN-GA-2011-290011, and to Dr Andrew E Welchman from the Wellcome Trust (095183/Z/10/Z) and the [European Community's] Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-2013] under agreement PITN-GA-2012-316746.