cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extending the range of validity of Fourier's law into the kinetic transport regime via asymptotic solution of the phonon Boltzmann transport equation
Creators: name: Péraud, Jean-Philippe M.
name: Hadjiconstantinou, Nicolas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive the continuum equations and boundary conditions governing phonon-mediated heat transfer in the limit of small but finite mean free path from asymptotic solution of the linearized Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation. Our approach uses the ratio of the mean free path to the characteristic system lengthscale, also known as the Knudsen number, as the expansion parameter to study the effects of boundaries on the breakdown of the Fourier descrition. We show that, in the bulk, the traditional heat conduction equation using Fourier's law as a constitutive relation is valid at least up to second order in the Knudsen number for steady problems and first order for time-dependent problems. However, this description does not hold within distances on the order of a few mean free paths from the boundary; this breakdown is a result of kinetic effects that are always present in the boundary vicinity and require solution of a Boltzmann boundary-layer problem to be determined. Matching the inner, boundary layer, solution to the outer, bulk, solution yields boundary conditions for the Fourier description as well as additive corrections in the form of universal kinetic boundary layers; both are found to be proportional to the bulk-solution gradients at the boundary and parametrized by the material model and the phonon-boundary interaction model (Boltzmann boundary condition). Our derivation shows that the traditional no-jump boundary condition for prescribed temperature boundaries and no-flux boundary condition for diffusely reflecting boundaries are appropriate only to zeroth order in the Knudsen number; at higher order, boundary conditions are of the jump type. We illustrate the utility of the asymptotic solution procedure by demonstrating that it can be used to predict the Kapitza resistance (and temperature jump) associated with an interface between two materials.
description: 40 pages, 8 figures; shortened the paper to make it more concise and readable; improved figures and removed unnecessary details; improved the summary of the main results; added references; improved the section on time-dependent problems
(400443) A Head
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Replication Package of "Predicting Defective Visual Code Changes in a Multi-Language AAA Video Game Project"
Creators: name: Kalvin Eng
name: Hindle, Abram
name: Senchenko, Alexander
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: visual code
defect prediction
software quality

description: This is the replication package for the paper titled: "Predicting Defective Visual Code Changes in a Multi-Language AAA Video Game Project". Visual-Code-Defect-Prediction-Analysis-replication-package.zip  contains the scripts needed for data retrieval, extraction, and analysis of the open source projects.
Enabling discovery of gravitationally lensed explosive transients: a new method to build an all-sky watch-list of groups and clusters of galaxies
Creators: name: Ryczanowski, Dan
name: Smith, Graham P.
name: Bianconi, Matteo
name: McGee, Sean
name: Robertson, Andrew
name: Massey, Richard
name: Jauzac, Mathilde
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cross-referencing a watchlist of galaxy groups and clusters with transient detections from real-time streams of wide-field survey data is a promising method for discovering gravitationally lensed explosive transients including supernovae, kilonovae, gravitational waves and gamma-ray bursts in the next ten years. However, currently there exists no catalogue of objects with both sufficient angular extent and depth to adequately perform such a search. In this study, we develop a cluster-finding method capable of creating an all-sky list of galaxy group- and cluster-scale objects out to $z\simeq1$ based on their lens-plane properties and using only existing data from wide-field infrared surveys such as VHS and UHS, and all-sky \textit{WISE} data. In testing this method, we recover 91 per cent of a sample containing known and candidate lensing objects with Einstein radii of $θ_E \geq 5\arcsec$. We also search the surrounding regions of this test sample for other groups and clusters using our method and verify the existence of any significant findings by visual inspection, deriving estimates of the false positive rate that are as low as 6 per cent. The method is also tested on simulated Rubin data from their DP0 programme, which yields complementary results of a good recovery rate of $\gtrsim 80$ per cent for $M_{200}\geq7\times10^{13}$M$_\odot$ clusters and with no false positives produced in our test region. Importantly, our method is positioned to create a watchlist in advance of Rubin's LSST, as it utilises only existing data, therefore enabling the discovery of lensed transients early within the survey's lifetime.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures. Published, MNRAS
Supplementary Methods, Tables and Figures from Disruption of skin microbiota contributes to salamander disease
Creators: name: Bletz, Molly C.
name: Kelly, Moira
name: Pinto, Joana Sabino
name: Bales, Emma
name: Praet, Sarah Van
name: Bert, Wim
name: Boyen, Filip
name: Vences, Miguel
name: Steinfartz, Sebastian
name: Pasmans, Frank
name: Martel, An
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Health Care
subject: Diseases
subject: 111706 Epidemiology
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: This document contains all supplementary material associated with this paper
THOR - The HI, OH, Recombination Line Survey of the Milky Way - The pilot study: HI observations of the giant molecular cloud W43
Creators: name: Bihr, S.
name: Beuther, H.
name: Ott, J.
name: Johnston, K. G.
name: Brunthaler, A.
name: Anderson, L. D.
name: Bigiel, F.
name: Carlhoff, P.
name: Churchwell, E.
name: Glover, S. C. O.
name: Goldsmith, P. F.
name: Heitsch, F.
name: Henning, T.
name: Heyer, M. H.
name: Hill, T.
name: Hughes, A.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Linz, H.
name: Longmore, S. N.
name: McClure-Griffiths, N. M.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Motte, F.
name: Nguyen-Lu'o'ng, Q.
name: Plume, R.
name: Ragan, S. E.
name: Roy, N.
name: Schilke, P.
name: Schneider, N.
name: Smith, R. J.
name: Stil, J. M.
name: Urquhart, J. S.
name: Walsh, A. J.
name: Walter, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To study the atomic, molecular and ionized emission of Giant Molecular Clouds (GMCs), we have initiated a Large Program with the VLA: 'THOR - The HI, OH, Recombination Line survey of the Milky Way'. We map the 21cm HI line, 4 OH lines, 19 H_alpha recombination lines and the continuum from 1 to 2 GHz of a significant fraction of the Milky Way (l=15-67deg, |b|<1deg) at ~20" resolution. In this paper, we focus on the HI emission from the W43 star-formation complex. Classically, the HI 21cm line is treated as optically thin with column densities calculated under this assumption. This might give reasonable results for regions of low-mass star-formation, however, it is not sufficient to describe GMCs. We analyzed strong continuum sources to measure the optical depth, and thus correct the HI 21cm emission for optical depth effects and weak diffuse continuum emission. Hence, we are able to measure the HI mass of W43 more accurately and our analysis reveals a lower limit of M=6.6x10^6 M_sun, which is a factor of 2.4 larger than the mass estimated with the assumption of optically thin emission. The HI column densities are as high as N(HI)~150 M_sun/pc^2 ~ 1.9x10^22 cm^-2, which is an order of magnitude higher than for low mass star formation regions. This result challenges theoretical models that predict a threshold for the HI column density of ~10 M_sun/pc^2, at which the formation of molecular hydrogen should set in. By assuming an elliptical layered structure for W43, we estimate the particle density profiles. While at the cloud edge atomic and molecular hydrogen are well mixed, the center of the cloud is strongly dominated by molecular hydrogen. We do not identify a sharp transition between hydrogen in atomic and molecular form. Our results are an important characterization of the atomic to molecular hydrogen transition in an extreme environment and challenges current theoretical models.
Anti-Markovnikov Hydroamination of Alkenes Catalyzed by an Organic Photoredox System
Creators: name: Nicewicz, David A.
name: Nguyen, Tien M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Herein we report a metal-free method for the direct anti-Markovnikov hydroamination of unsaturated amines. Irradiation of the amine substrates with visible light in the presence of catalytic quantities of easily synthesized 9-mesityl-10-methylacridinium tetrafluoroborate and thiophenol as a hydrogen atom donor furnished the nitrogen containing heterocycles with complete regio-control. Two examples of in termolecular anti-Markovnikov alkene hydroamination are also disclosed.
A Thesis Submitted to the School of Public Health at Addis Ababa University in the Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Masters of public health in Health Economics
Creators: name: Amanuel Lulu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Background: Early diagnosis of HIV virus is a determinant for effective treatment of the disease with less costs than a late treatment. Mobile based VCT as part of community HIV testing and counselling service is suited to highly populated settings. Recently the world has agreement on UNAIDS 90-90-90 goals to achieve 90% of people living with HIV to know their HIV status by 2020 and end the AIDS epidemic by 2030. Despite the agreement, HIV testing and counselling continues to be undertaken predominantly in health facilities, even if there is strong evidence on clients’ preference to test in the community. Hence, empirically studied cost-effective HIV testing and counselling model is desirable to achieve the goal.

Objective: The objective of this study is to describe the cost and compare the cost-effectiveness of Facility, Standalone and Mobile based VCT in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
Asymmetric Synthesis of the Aminocyclitol Pactamycin, a Universal Translocation Inhibitor
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Malinowski, Justin T.
name: Sharpe, Robert J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: An asymmetric total synthesis of the aminocyclopentitol pactamycin is described, which delivers the title compound in 15 steps from 2,4-pentanedione. Critical to this approach was the exploitation of a complex symmetry-breaking reduction strategy to assemble the C1, C2, and C7 relative stereochemistry within the first four steps of the synthesis. Multiple iterations of this reduction strategy are described, and a thorough analysis of stereochemical outcomes is detailed. In the final case, an asymmetric Mannich reaction was developed to install a protected amine directly at the C2 position. Symmetry-breaking reduction of this material gave way to a remarkable series of stereochemical outcomes leading to the title compound without recourse to non-strategic downstream manipulations. This synthesis is immediately accommodating to the facile preparation of structural analogs.
On the regularity issues of a class of drift-diffusion equations with nonlocal diffusion
Creators: name: Miao, Changxing
name: Xue, Liutang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 76D03, 35Q35, 35Q86

description: In this paper we address the regularity issues of drift-diffusion equation with nonlocal diffusion, where the diffusion operator is in the realm of stable-type Lévy operator and the velocity field is defined from the considered quantity by a zero-order pseudo-differential operator. Through using the method of nonlocal maximum principle in a unified way, we prove the eventual regularity result in the supercritical type cases and the global regularity at some logarithmically supercritical cases. The feature of these results is that the time after which the solution is smoothly regular in the supercritical type cases can be evaluated explicitly.
description: 38 pages
Wireless Powered Communication Networks: An Overview
Creators: name: Bi, Suzhi
name: Zeng, Yong
name: Zhang, Rui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Wireless powered communication network (WPCN) is a new networking paradigm where the battery of wireless communication devices can be remotely replenished by means of microwave wireless power transfer (WPT) technology. WPCN eliminates the need of frequent manual battery replacement/recharging, and thus significantly improves the performance over conventional battery-powered communication networks in many aspects, such as higher throughput, longer device lifetime, and lower network operating cost. However, the design and future application of WPCN is essentially challenged by the low WPT efficiency over long distance and the complex nature of joint wireless information and power transfer within the same network. In this article, we provide an overview of the key networking structures and performance enhancing techniques to build an efficient WPCN. Besides, we point out new and challenging future research directions for WPCN.
description: The paper has been accepted for publication by IEEE Wireless Communications Mgazine
Supplementary material from Combined exposure to sublethal concentrations of an insecticide and a fungicide affect feeding, ovary development and longevity in a solitary bee.
Creators: name: Sgolastra, Fabio
name: Arnan, Xavier
name: Cabbri, Riccardo
name: Isani, Gloria
name: Medrzycki, Piotr
name: Teper, Dariusz
name: Bosch, Jordi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pollinators in agroecosystems are often exposed to pesticide mixtures. Even at low concentrations, the effects of these mixtures on bee populations are difficult to predict due to potential synergistic interactions. In this paper, orally exposed newly emerged females of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis to environmentally realistic levels of clothianidin (neonicotinoid insecticide) and propiconazole (fungicide), singly and in combination. The amount of feeding solution consumed was highest in bees exposed to the neonicotinoid, and lowest in bees exposed to the pesticide mixture. Ovary maturation and longevity of bees of the neonicotinoid and the fungicide treatments did not differ from those of control bees. By contrast, bees exposed to the pesticide mixture showed slow ovary maturation and decreased longevity. We found a synergistic interaction between the neonicotinoid and the fungicide on survival probability. We also found an interaction between treatment and emergence time (an indicator of physiological condition) on longevity. Longevity was negatively correlated to physiological condition only in the fungicide and the mixture treatments. Delayed ovary maturation and premature death imply a shortened nesting period (highly correlated to fecundity in Osmia). Our findings provide a mechanism to explain the observed dynamics of solitary bee populations exposed to multiple chemical residues in agricultural environments.
Uwe Michas, Befestigungsanlagen zwischen Havel und Oder im Hoch- und Spätmittelalter
Creators: name: Biermann, Felix
Publisher: name: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Year: 2022

description: Rezension zu: Uwe Michas, Befestigungsanlagen zwischen Havel und Oder im Hoch- und Spätmittelalter, Zusammenfassende Untersuchungen für das 12. bis 16. Jh. auf dem Barnim und dem Nordteltow (Materialien zur Archäologie in Brandenburg, 10). Rahden/Westf.: Verlag Marie Leidorf 2016. 134 Seiten, 83 Abbildungen, 19 Tafeln. ISBN 978-3-86757-320-7, ISSN 1866-6744.
description: Burgen und Schlösser - Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege, Bd. 58 Nr. 1 (2017): Burgen und Schlösser. Zeitschrift für Burgenforschung und Denkmalpflege
Ultrafast Switching of Antiferromagnets via Spin-transfer Torque
Creators: name: Cheng, Ran
name: Daniels, Matthew W.
name: Zhu, Jian-Gang
name: Xiao, Di
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Picosecond switching of the staggered antiferromagnetic order is shown to be realizable through spin-transfer torques from a short current pulse. The coupled dynamics of sublattice magnetization is mapped onto a classical pendulum subject to gravity and a driving pulse, where switching occurs if the pendulum acquires sufficient kinetic energy during the pulse to overcome the maximum of the effective gravity potential. The optimal switching scheme is explored through the dependence of switch angle and magnetic loss on the duration and strength of the current pulse. The physics discussed here provides a general route towards multi-functional THz applications via the spin-transfer torque in antiferromagnetic materials.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
(400440) Mary Day
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Supplementary material from Combined exposure to sublethal concentrations of an insecticide and a fungicide affect feeding, ovary development and longevity in a solitary bee
Creators: name: Sgolastra, Fabio
name: Arnan, Xavier
name: Cabbri, Riccardo
name: Isani, Gloria
name: Medrzycki, Piotr
name: Teper, Dariusz
name: Bosch, Jordi
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Pollinators in agroecosystems are often exposed to pesticide mixtures. Even at low concentrations, the effects of these mixtures on bee populations are difficult to predict due to potential synergistic interactions. We orally exposed newly emerged females of the solitary bee Osmia bicornis to environmentally realistic levels of clothianidin (neonicotinoid insecticide) and propiconazole (fungicide), singly and in combination. The amount of feeding solution consumed was highest in bees exposed to the neonicotinoid, and lowest in bees exposed to the pesticide mixture. Ovary maturation and longevity of bees of the neonicotinoid and the fungicide treatments did not differ from those of control bees. By contrast, bees exposed to the pesticide mixture showed slow ovary maturation and decreased longevity. We found a synergistic interaction between the neonicotinoid and the fungicide on survival probability. We also found an interaction between treatment and emergence time (an indicator of physiological condition) on longevity. Longevity was negatively correlated to physiological condition only in the fungicide and the mixture treatments. Delayed ovary maturation and premature death imply a shortened nesting period (highly correlated to fecundity in Osmia). Our findings provide a mechanism to explain the observed dynamics of solitary bee populations exposed to multiple chemical residues in agricultural environments.
Catalytic Enantioselective Cyclization and C3-Fluorination of Polyenes
Creators: name: Gagne, Michel R.
name: Cochrane, Nikki A.
name: Nguyen, Ha
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: (xylyl-phanephos)Pt2+ in combination with XeF2 mediates the consecutive diastereoselective cation-olefin cyclization/fluorination of polyene substrates. Isolated yields were typically in the 60s while enantioselectivies reached as high as 87%. The data are consistent with a stereoretentive fluorination of a P2Pt-alkyl cation intermediate.
Three-pion exchange nucleon-nucleon potentials with virtual $Δ$-isobar excitation
Creators: name: Kaiser, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nucleon-nucleon interaction arising from the exchange of three pions and the excitation of $Δ(1232)$-isobars in intermediate states is studied. Approximating the $Δ$-propagator by the inverse $Δ$N mass-splitting, analytical expressions are derived for the spectral-functions of the isoscalar and isovector central, spin-spin and tensor NN-potentials in momentum-space. A trans- lation of the spectral-functions into coordinate-space potentials reveals that the main effect of these specific exchange and excitation mechanisms is a repulsive isoscalar central NN-potential.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
(400441) Frederick Francis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Determining modes for the surface Quasi-Geostrophic equation
Creators: name: Cheskidov, Alexey
name: Dai, Mimi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 37L30

description: We introduce a determining wavenumber for the surface quasi-geostrophic (SQG) equation defined for each individual trajectory and then study its dependence on the force. While in the subcritical and critical cases this wavenumber has a uniform upper bound, it may blow up when the equation is supercritical. A bound on the determining wavenumber provides determining modes, which in some sense measure the number of degrees of freedom of the flow, or resolution needed to describe a solution to the SQG equation.
description: 25 pages
Supplementary Material to Structural and temporal patterns of the first global trading market.
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Ana Sofia
name: Pinheiro, Flávio L.
name: Santos, Francisco C.
name: Polónia, Amélia
name: Pacheco, Jorge M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20304 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional Data description and analysis comprising 12 pages, 7 Figures and 2 Tables
title: Local Deformation of Glasses is Mediated by Rigidity Fluctuation on Nanometer Scale
Creators: name: Benzine, Omar
name: Bruns, Sebastian
name: Pan, Zhiwen
name: Durst, Karsten
name: Wondraczek, Lothar
Publisher: name: Wiley-VCH
Year: 2024

description: Microscopic deformation processes determine defect formation on glass surfaces and, thus, the material's resistance to mechanical failure. While the macroscopic strength of most glasses is not directly dependent on material composition, local deformation and flaw initiation are strongly affected by chemistry and atomic arrangement. Aside from empirical insight, however, the structural origin of the fundamental deformation modes remains largely unknown. Experimental methods that probe parameters on short or intermediate length-scale such as atom–atom or superstructural correlations are typically applied in the absence of alternatives. Drawing on recent experimental advances, spatially resolved Raman spectroscopy is now used in the THz-gap for mapping local changes in the low-frequency vibrational density of states. From direct observation of deformation-induced variations on the characteristic length-scale of molecular heterogeneity, it is revealed that rigidity fluctuation mediates the deformation process of inorganic glasses. Molecular field approximations, which are based solely on the observation of short-range (interatomic) interactions, fail in the prediction of mechanical behavior. Instead, glasses appear to respond to local mechanical contact in a way that is similar to that of granular media with high intergranular cohesion.
Diametric Stereocontrol in Dynamic Catalytic Reduction of Racemic Acyl Phosphonates: Divergence from α-Keto Ester Congeners
Creators: name: Johnson, Jeffrey S.
name: Corbett, Michael T.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: An unexpected dichotomy was observed in the Ru-catalyzed asymmetric transfer hydrogenation of acyl phosphonates: reduction proceeded from the opposite face relative to that observed in the analogous reduction of α-keto esters. The first highly selective catalytic hydrogenation of acyl phosphonates was utilized in the dynamic kinetic resolution of α-aryl acyl phosphonates providing β-stereogenic α-hydroxy phosphonic acid derivatives.
Characteristic numbers, Jiang subgroup and non-positive curvature
Creators: name: Li, Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57R20, 58C30, 32Q05

description: By refining an idea of Farrell, we present a sufficient condition in terms of the Jiang subgroup for the vanishing of signature and Hirzebruch's $χ_y$-genus on compact smooth and Kähler manifolds respectively. Along this line we show that the $χ_y$-genus of a non-positively curved compact Kähler manifold vanishes when the center of its fundamental group is non-trivial, which partially answers a question of Farrell. Moreover, in the latter case all the Chern numbers vanish whenever its complex dimension is no more than $4$, which also provides some evidence to a conjecture proposed by the author and Zheng.
description: 14 pages
Ensuring the Safety of Uncertified Linear State-Feedback Controllers via Switching
Creators: name: Lu, Yiwen
name: Mo, Yilin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Sustained research efforts have been devoted to learning optimal controllers for linear stochastic dynamical systems with unknown parameters, but due to the corruption of noise, learned controllers are usually uncertified in the sense that they may destabilize the system. To address this potential instability, we propose a "plug-and-play" modification to the uncertified controller which falls back to a known stabilizing controller when the norm of the state exceeds a certain threshold. We show that the switching strategy enhances the safety of the uncertified controller by making the linear-quadratic cost bounded even if the underlying linear feedback gain is destabilizing. We also prove the near-optimality of the proposed strategy by quantifying the maximum performance loss caused by switching as asymptotically negligible. Finally, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed switching strategy using simulation on an industrial process example.
Signatures of Young Star Formation Activity Within Two Parsecs of Sgr A*
Creators: name: Yusef-Zadeh, F.
name: Wardle, M.
name: Sewilo, M.
name: Roberts, D. A.
name: Smith, I.
name: Arendt, R.
name: Cotton, W.
name: Lacy, J.
name: Martin, S.
name: Pound, M. W.
name: Rickett, M.
name: Royster, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present radio and infrared observations indicating on-going star formation activity inside the $\sim2-5$ pc circumnuclear ring at the Galactic center. Collectively these measurements suggest a continued disk-based mode of on-going star formation has taken place near Sgr A* over the last few million years. First, VLA observations with spatial resolution 2.17$"\times0.81"$ reveal 13 water masers, several of which have multiple velocity components. The presence of interstellar water masers suggests gas densities that are sufficient for self-gravity to overcome the tidal shear of the 4$\times10^6$ \msol\, black hole. Second, SED modeling of stellar sources indicate massive YSO candidates interior to the molecular ring, supporting in-situ star formation near Sgr A* and appear to show a distribution similar to that of the counter-rotating disks of $\sim$100 OB stars orbiting Sgr A*. Some YSO candidates (e.g., IRS~5) have bow shock structures suggesting that they have have gaseous disks that are phototoevaporated and photoionized by the strong radiation field. Third, we detect clumps of SiO (2-1) and (5-4) line emission in the ring based on CARMA and SMA observations. The FWHM and luminosity of the SiO emission is consistent with shocked protostellar outflows. Fourth, two linear ionized features with an extent of $\sim0.8$ pc show blue and redshifted velocities between $+50$ and $-40$ \kms, suggesting protostellar jet driven outflows with mass loss rates of $\sim5\times10^{-5}$ solar mass yr$^{-1}$. Finally, we present the imprint of radio dark clouds at 44 GHz, representing a reservoir of molecular gas that feeds star formation activity close to Sgr A*.
description: 38 pages, 10 figures, ApJ (in press)
ELIXIR Training Platform 2024-26 Work Plan
Creators: name: Eva, Alloza
name: Jessica, Lindvall
name: Fotis E, Psomopoulos
name: Manthos, Pitoulias
name: Peter, Maccallum
name: Katharina F, Heil
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Work Programme
Research Infrastructure
Training

description: This document is the ELIXIR Training Platform (TrP) work plan 2024-26. It describes planned activities, involved institutes, individuals and linked deliverables and milestones. 

The ELIXIR Training Platform (TrP) is building a network of training resources and services, aiming for collaboration, visibility, and standardisation. SPLASH, a digital hub, showcases core services like TeSS, enhancing the training life cycle. Work Packages focus on infrastructure, guidelines, and Train-the-Trainer resources. Collaboration across ELIXIR entities is essential, as are standardised guidelines and a supportive community for knowledge sharing. The project's success will transform training delivery within the community.

This document shows the work plan version as approved by the ELIXIR Board in November 2023.
(400442) George Francis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Comparison of the relative efficacy of different biologics in different body areas in patients with moderate to severe psoriasis receiving biologics and tofacitinib in phase 3 randomized controlled trials: a 15-year single-center experience
Creators: name: Yeh, Chen-Pu
name: Huang, Yi-Wei
name: Tsai, Tsen-Fang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Focal resistant plaques are still common despite the use of biologics for psoriasis. significant impact on quality of life. We compared the relative efficacy of different biologics and tofacitinib in different body areas in 177 Asian patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis in 10 biologics or tofacitinib trials conducted between 2004 and 2019. Pooled data were analyzed at weeks 12–16 and weeks 44–52, respectively, for total and four regional PASI 75, 90, and 100 responses. The result showed that secukinumab, ixekizumab, guselkumab, and risankizumab had more favorable efficacy, followed by adalimumab, ustekinumab, and tofacitinib, while etanercept showed the least efficacy. The regional PASI response peaked early in the head area with subsequent decline, while the lower extremities improved slowly. At week 52, the head and neck and lower extremities were less likely to achieve PASI responses compared to the trunk and upper extremities. The treatment responses of different body regions of biologics and tofacitinib were in line with the overall response. However, the head region responds fast, but total clearance at 52 weeks was similarly lower as the leg region. More subjects and prospective studies may be required to compare the efficacy of different biologics in different body regions.
Light-wave coherent control of the insulator-to-metal transition in a strongly correlated material
Creators: name: Molinero, Eduardo B.
name: Silva, Rui E. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The use of intense tailored light fields is the perfect tool to achieve ultrafast control of electronic properties in quantum materials. Among them, Mott insulators are materials in which strong electron-electron interactions drive the material into an insulating phase. When shinning a Mott insulator with a strong laser pulse, the electric field may induce the creation of doublon-hole pairs, triggering an insulator-to-metal phase transition. In this work, we take advantage of the threshold character of this insulator-to-metal transition and we propose a pump-probe scheme that consists of a mid-infrared laser pulse and a train of short pulses separated by half-period of the mid-infrared with alternating phases. By varying the time-delay between the two pulses and the internal carrier envelope phase of the short pulses, we achieve control of the phase transition, which leaves its fingerprint at its high harmonic spectrum.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Direct Catalytic Anti-Markovnikov Addition of Carboxylic Acids to Alkenes
Creators: name: Perkowski, Andrew J.
name: Nicewicz, David A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A direct catalytic anti-Markovnikov addition of carboxylic acids to alkenes is reported. The catalyst system is comprised of the Fukuzumi acridinium photooxidant (1) and a substoichiometric quantity of a hydrogen atom donor. Oxidizable olefins such as styrenes, trisubstituted aliphatic alkenes, and enamides can be employed along with a variety of carboxylic acids to afford the anti-Markovnikov addition adducts exclusively. A deuterium-labeling experiment lends insight to the potential mechanism.
(400439) Robert (Jnr) Francis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Mg 2+ Binds to the Surface of Thymidylate Synthase and Affects Hydride Transfer at the Interior Active Site
Creators: name: Sapienza, Paul J.
name: Kohen, Amnon
name: Stroud, Robert M.
name: Luzum, Calvin
name: Wang, Zhen
name: Lee, Andrew L.
name: Abeysinghe, Thelma
name: Finer-Moore, Janet S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Thymidylate synthase (TSase) produces the sole intracellular de novo source of thymidine (i.e. the DNA base T) and thus is a common target for antibiotic and anticancer drugs. Mg2+ has been reported to affect TSase activity, but the mechanism of this interaction has not been investigated. Here we show that Mg2+ binds to the surface of Escherichia coli TSase and affects the kinetics of hydride transfer at the interior active site (16 Å away). Examination of the crystal structures identifies a Mg2+ near the glutamyl moiety of the folate cofactor, providing the first structural evidence for Mg2+ binding to TSase. The kinetics and NMR relaxation experiments suggest that the weak binding of Mg2+ to the protein surface stabilizes the closed conformation of the ternary enzyme complex and reduces the entropy of activation on the hydride transfer step. Mg2+ accelerates the hydride transfer by ca. 7-fold but does not affect the magnitude or temperature-dependence of the intrinsic kinetic isotope effect. These results suggest that Mg2+ facilitates the protein motions that bring the hydride donor and acceptor together, but it does not change the tunneling ready state of the hydride transfer. These findings highlight how variations in cellular Mg2+ concentration can modulate enzyme activity through long-range interactions in the protein, rather than binding at the active site. The interaction of Mg2+ with the glutamyl-tail of the folate cofactor and nonconserved residues of bacterial TSase may assist in designing antifolates with poly-glutamyl substitutes as species-specific antibiotic drugs.
Supplementary Material to Structural and temporal patterns of the first global trading market
Creators: name: Ribeiro, Ana Sofia
name: Pinheiro, Flávio L.
name: Santos, Francisco C.
name: Polónia, Amélia
name: Pacheco, Jorge M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20304 Thermodynamics and Statistical Physics
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 80201 Analysis of Algorithms and Complexity
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional Data description and analysis comprising 12 pages, 7 Figures and 2 Tables
Mapping of Low-Frequency Raman Modes in CVD-Grown Transition Metal Dichalcogenides: Layer Number, Stacking Orientation and Resonant Effects
Creators: name: OBrien, Maria
name: McEvoy, Niall
name: Hanlon, Damien
name: Hallam, Toby
name: Coleman, Jonathan N.
name: Duesberg, Georg S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Layered inorganic materials, such as the transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), have attracted much attention due to their exceptional electronic and optical properties. Reliable synthesis and characterization of these materials must be developed if these properties are to be exploited. Herein, we present low-frequency Raman analysis of MoS2, MoSe2, WSe2 and WS2 grown by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). Raman spectra are acquired over large areas allowing changes in the position and intensity of the shear and layer-breathing modes to be visualized in maps. This allows detailed characterization of mono- and few-layered TMDs which is complementary to well-established (high-frequency) Raman and photoluminescence spectroscopy. This study presents a major stepping stone in fundamental understanding of layered materials as mapping the low-frequency modes allows the quality, symmetry, stacking configuration and layer number of 2D materials to be probed over large areas. In addition, we report on anomalous resonance effects in the low-frequency region of the WS2 Raman spectrum.
The association between the use of sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor and the risk of diabetic retinopathy and other eye disorders: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Ma, Yunke
name: Lin, Chu
name: Cai, Xiaoling
name: Hu, Suiyuan
name: Zhu, Xingyun
name: Lv, Fang
name: Yang, Wenjia
name: Ji, Linong
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: To assess the association between the use of sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitor (SGLT2i) and the incidence of diabetic retinopathy (DR). PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Clinicaltrial.gov were searched from inception to October 2021. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with reports of incidence of DR and other eye disorders between SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i users with type 2 diabetes mellitus were included. In general, the incidences of DR were comparable between SGLT2i and non-SGLT2i users (OR = 0.80, 95%CI 0.61 to 1.06, P = 0.12). However, compared with non-SGLT2i users, the incidence of DR was significantly reduced in SGLT2i users with diabetes duration less than 10 years (OR = 0.32, 95%CI 0.13 to 0.76, P = 0.01). Weight reduction in SGLT2i users was associated with a decreased risk of retinal detachment. Moreover, longer study duration was associated with lower incidence of cataract and retinal vasculopathy in SGLT2i users. In general, the use of SGLT2i was not associated with the incidence of DR. However, a reduced risk of DR was observed in SGLT2i users with diabetes duration less than 10 years. An early initiation of SGLT2i might be more likely to provide with ocular benefits.
Censored Quantile Regression Neural Networks for Distribution-Free Survival Analysis
Creators: name: Pearce, Tim
name: Jeong, Jong-Hyeon
name: Jia, Yichen
name: Zhu, Jun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers doing quantile regression on censored data using neural networks (NNs). This adds to the survival analysis toolkit by allowing direct prediction of the target variable, along with a distribution-free characterisation of uncertainty, using a flexible function approximator. We begin by showing how an algorithm popular in linear models can be applied to NNs. However, the resulting procedure is inefficient, requiring sequential optimisation of an individual NN at each desired quantile. Our major contribution is a novel algorithm that simultaneously optimises a grid of quantiles output by a single NN. To offer theoretical insight into our algorithm, we show firstly that it can be interpreted as a form of expectation-maximisation, and secondly that it exhibits a desirable `self-correcting' property. Experimentally, the algorithm produces quantiles that are better calibrated than existing methods on 10 out of 12 real datasets.
description: Published in NeurIPS 2022
Nickel(II) Dithiocarbamate Complexes Containing Sulforhodamine B as Fluorescent Probes for Selective Detection of Nitrogen Dioxide
Creators: name: Krishnakumar, Saarangan
name: Wang, Suhua
name: Yu, Huan
name: Huang, Leaf
name: Yan, Yan
name: Ramishetti, Srinivas
name: Huang, Dejian
name: Deng, Lih-Wen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: We synthesized the Ni(II) complexes with dithiocarbamate ligand derived from ortho and para isomers sulforhodamine B fluorophores and demonstrated they are highly selective in reaction with nitrogen dioxide (NO2). Comparing to the para isomer, the ortho isomer showed much greater fluorescence increase upon reaction with nitrogen dioxide, which led to oxidation and de-complexation of dithiocarbamate ligand from Ni(II). We applied this probe for visual detection of 1 ppm nitrogen dioxide in gas phase and fluorescence imaging of NO2 in macrophage cells treated with nitrogen oxide donor.
(400437) Robert Francis
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.