cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Bayesian Joint Modeling of Longitudinal and Time-to-Event Data with Application to Alzheimer's Disease
Creators: name: Wang, Yamin
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In many longitudinal epidemiological and clinical studies, it is routine to collect multiple repeated measures, as well as one or multiple time-to-event outcomes. The follow-ups are usually long enough to measure some aspects of the disease. It would be interesting and appropriate to link the longitudinal marker trajectories in a joint model approach in association with the time-to-event outcomes for valid inferences. The joint modeling method has attracted increasing attention in the statistical field recently and many extensions have been explored. In this dissertation, several research topics related to joint modeling of the longitudinal and time-to-event data were investigated. The first part of the work was to construct the Bayesian joint models based on two different linking structures: latent class framework and shared random effects framework. Both single and bivariate longitudinal outcomes were considered. The second part of this work was to propose a joint model with a random changepoint for the non-linear longitudinal marker trajectories. We investigated 5 different formulations to characterize the transition zone for the changepoint data. We further extended the model for a bivariate longitudinal data with correlated changepoints and took into account the competing risks and interval censor in the survival model, which is methodologically challenging. We adopted Bayesian approach for statistical inference and the proposed methodologies were evaluated based on simulation studies. The motivational application for this study is based on the Memory and Aging Project of Rush University Medical Center. Alzheimer’s disease, like many other chronic diseases, is a neurodegenerative disease involving a long-term process of cognitive decline and motor dysfunction which often begin before the disease diagnosis. The statistical methodological development in this dissertation aims for a better understanding of the natural history of pre-dementia cognitive aging, motor function change and time to Alzheimer’s disease by joint modelling these outcomes together for more insightful and valid statistical inferences.
Standing in the Gap: Black Educators Speak on Black Students, Disproportionality, and Special Education
Creators: name: Dorsey, Catrina
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This narrative inquiry highlights the voices of eight Black educators who serve Black public-school students receiving special education services. Sixteen interviews were conducted, and grounded theory analytic procedures were applied to examine participants’ professional experiences with factors related to disproportionality. Participants also explained how they characterize their professional agency and identified nine social and institutional structures they commonly confront in their efforts to serve as professional advocates, cultural mediators, culturally responsive practitioners, and role models for their students. Considerations for future research and recommended changes in practice are discussed.
title: The rise of grassroots voices : Chinese urban identity and independent filmmaking in the post-1989 era
Creators: name: Deng, Huimin
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2020

description: At the beginning of the 1990s, independent Chinese fiction and documentary film works made their first step, marking the rise of Chinese Sixth Generation cinema. Faced with the dominant communist state ideology and commercial values, both the two film types remained “marginal” and even “underground” in Chinese film history. Thus, the purpose of this thesis is to figure out what cinematic subjects and film aesthetics make them an anomaly in relation to Chinese official and commercial cinema. Regardless of their different film types, this study uses the theories of intertextuality to deal with the iconographic signs and film codes shared by them. I shall argue that in the post-1989 era independent Chinese filmmakers root the two film types in marginal urban groups and jishizhuyi [on-the-scene realism]. On the one hand, they concentrate on urbanites’ sufferings against the background of the oppressive political environment and the social upheaval of China’s reform age. On the other hand, they introduce jishizhuyi and neorealism aesthetics to represent social reality, refusing to dissimulate the cruelty of reality. Under the enlightenment of intertextuality, this thesis provides a new angle of view on what and how contemporary Chinese urban identity is shaped in multiple Chinese independent film works. It also exposes the establishment of independent Chinese filmmakers’ speaking rights in the struggle against the official and commercial system.
Discovery of deep eclipses in the cataclysmic variable ZTF17aaaeefu (2MASS J00594349+6454419)
Creators: name: Kozhevnikov, V. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I performed photometric observations of the cataclysmic variable candidate ZTF17aaaeefu and discovered very deep eclipses. The observations were obtained over 8 nights covering 7 months. The eclipse profile is similar to the eclipse profiles observed in other cataclysmic variables. During the observations, ZTF17aaaeefu showed brightness changes resembling dwarf nova outbursts and quiescent states. When ZTF17aaaeefu was bright (16.0-16.2 mag), the average eclipse depth was 2.50+/-0.18 mag. When ZTF17aaaeefu was faint (17.2-17.4 mag), the average eclipse depth was 1.45+/-0.06 mag. However, these differences in the eclipse depth may be mainly caused by the contaminating effect of three faint stars around ZTF17aaaeefu. In both cases, the average width of the prominent parts of the eclipses was the same and was about 30 min. Due to the large coverage of observations, I measured the orbital period with high precision, Porb=0.18821155+/-0.00000014 d. I derived the eclipse ephemeris, the validity time of which is 700 years in accordance with the precision of the orbital period. This ephemeris can be used for future studies of the orbital period changes. Because ZTF17aaaeefu has a long orbital period, this cataclysmic variable is of interest for determining the masses of its stellar components. In future radial velocity measurements, my precise eclipse ephemeris may be useful for determining the orbital phases.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Astrophysics and Space Science
Macroscopic electro-optical modulation of solution-processed molybdenum disulfide
Creators: name: Liu, Songwei
name: Wen, Yingyi
name: Pei, Jingfang
name: Fan, Xiaoyue
name: Zhou, Yongheng
name: Liu, Yang
name: Ng, Ling-Kiu
name: Lin, Yue
name: Ma, Teng
name: Zhang, Panpan
name: Chen, Xiaolong
name: Wang, Gang
name: Hu, Guohua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) has drawn great interest for tunable photonics and optoelectronics advancement. Its solution processing, though scalable, results in randomly networked ensembles of discrete nanosheets with compromised properties for tunable device fabrication. Here, we show via density-functional theory calculations that the electronic structure of the individual solution-processed nanosheets can be modulated by external electric fields collectively. Particularly, the nanosheets can form Stark ladders, leading to variations in the underlying optical transition processes and thus, tunable macroscopic optical properties of the ensembles. We experimentally confirm the macroscopic electro-optical modulation employing solution-processed thin-films of MoS2 and ferroelectric P(VDF-TrFE), and prove that the localized polarization fields of P(VDF-TrFE) can modulate the optical properties of MoS2, specifically, the optical absorption and photoluminescence on a macroscopic scale. Given the scalability of solution processing, our results underpin the potential of electro-optical modulation of solution-processed MoS2 for scalable tunable photonics and optoelectronics. As an illustrative example, we successfully demonstrate solution-processed electro-absorption modulators.
description: Manuscript 14 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary Materials 10 pages 5 figures
The design and commissioning of the MICE upstream time-of-flight system
Creators: name: Bertoni, R.
name: Blondel, A.
name: Bonesini, M.
name: Cecchet, G.
name: de Bari, A.
name: Graulich, J. S.
name: Kharadzov, Y.
name: Rayner, M.
name: Rusinov, I.
name: Tsenov, R.
name: Terzo, S.
name: Verguilov, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the MICE experiment at RAL the upstream time-of-flight detectors are used for particle identification in the incoming muon beam, for the experiment trigger and for a precise timing (sigma_t ~ 50 ps) with respect to the accelerating RF cavities working at 201 MHz. The construction of the upstream section of the MICE time-of-flight system and the tests done to characterize its individual components are shown. Detector timing resolutions ~50-60 ps were achieved. Test beam performance and preliminary results obtained with beam at RAL are reported.
description: accepted on Nuclear Instruments and Methods A
NanoSpotTM collector for aerosol sample collection for direct microscopy and spectroscopy analysis
Creators: name: Zervaki, Orthodoxia
name: Stump, Braden
name: Keady, Patricia
name: Dionysiou, Dionysios D.
name: Kulkarni, Pramod
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We describe design and characterization of an aerosol NanoSpotTM collector, designed for collection of airborne particles on a microscopy substrate for direct electron and optical microscopy, and laser spectroscopy analysis. The collector implements a water-based, laminar-flow, condensation growth technique, followed by impaction onto an optical/electron microscopy substrate or a transmission electron microscopy grid for direct analysis. The compact design employs three parallel growth tubes allowing a sampling flow rate of 1.2 L min−1. Each growth tube consists of three-temperature regions, for controlling the vapor saturation profile and exit dew point. Following the droplet growth, the three streams merge into one flow and a converging nozzle enhances focusing of grown droplets into a tight beam, prior to their final impaction on the warm surface of the collection substrate. Experiments were conducted for the acquisition of the size-dependent collection efficiency and the aerosol concentration effect on the NanoSpotTM collector. Particles as small as 7 nm were activated and collected on the electron microscopy stub. The collected particle samples were analyzed using electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy for the acquisition of the particle spatial distribution, the spot sample uniformity, and the analyte concentration. A spot deposit of approximately 0.7-mm diameter is formed for particles over a broad particle diameter range, for effective coupling with microscopic and spectroscopic analysis. Finally, the NanoSpotTM collector’s analytical measurement sensitivity for laser Raman analysis and counting statistics for fiber count measurement using optical microscopy were calculated and were compared with those of the conventional aerosol sampling methods. Copyright © 2023 American Association for Aerosol Research
Arts-Based Appreciative Inquiry with Artists Labeled with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities
Creators: name: Miller, Sara Michelle
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In alignment with self-advocates and the self-advocacy movement, this project begins with an assumption that people labeled/with intellectual or developmental disability (IDD) have important insight and agency in their lives, situating them as not only capable, but also essential in the evaluation and improvement of the programs in which they engage. This dissertation explores the experiences and perspectives of a small group of artists labeled/with IDD in a community-based studio setting. Using online inclusive methods and arts-based appreciative inquiry, a participatory program-evaluation framework, the project aims to: 1) understand what the artists value about and want for the future of their studio community; and 2) evaluate the efficacy of art-based appreciative inquiry to include artists labeled/with IDD in evaluation of their studio programming. The artists contribute both stories and artwork that illustrate what is important to them about their studio experiences, which includes the people at the studio, both staff and other artists labeled/with IDD, and the ability to create their artwork, artwork using materials and themes that the artists choose. In the future, the artists desire more opportunities for social connection including exhibitions and parties, to have more money, to get out into the community more, and to have more choices and options in terms of materials and training in the arts. The artists’ accounts position them as contributing members of a socially connected studio community, challenging historical framings of people labeled/with IDD as lacking social awareness and inviting exploration into the relationship between impairment, collaboration and IDD. Their desires for more social connection and community inclusion point to their valuable insider knowledge about the strengths and needs of the studio community. The study supports future research using arts based appreciative inquiry that is more inclusive and artist-driven to include artists in evaluation of studio programs.
Phenomenology of the Invisible Universe
Creators: name: Peebles, P. J. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmology is operating now on a well established and tightly constraining empirical basis. The relativistic LambdaCDM hot big bang theory is consistent with all the present tests; it has become the benchmark. But the many open issues in this subject make it reasonable to expect that a more accurate cosmology will have more interesting physics in the invisible sector of the universe, and maybe also in the visible part.
description: Proceedings of 'Invisible Universe International Conference', Paris, June 29- July 3, 2009
Smart Cities: Análise do Vazio Urbano no Centro de Aracaju/Sergipe
Creators: name: Teixeira, João Vitor Souza
name: Dantas, John Álex de Melo
name: Porto, Renata Maria Abrantes Baracho
Publisher: name: Labfront/UEMG
Year: 2023

description: A expansão urbana demasiada constituída pelo atual planejamento urbano e intensificada pela especulação imobiliária é uma das grandes preocupações enfrentadas pelas cidades, que também sofrem com o esvaziamento urbano de zonas consolidadas, seja pelo abandono de edificações, terrenos vagos ou subutilização do lote. Desta maneira, surge o termo vazio urbano. Por outro lado, o mundo avança tecnologicamente, logo, para acompanhar esse progresso o conceito da smart city obtém campo, da mesma forma sendo uma resposta aos problemas sociais, econômicos e ambientais que as cidades confrontam, principalmente para esse trabalho, como forma de contornar a questão dos vazios urbanos. Dessarte, o conseguinte artigo estuda a cidade de Aracaju/Sergipe que enfrenta o esvaziamento da sua zona consolidada, trazendo como contrapartida a concepção acerca da smart city, como meio catalizador no aprimoramento do seu potencial construtivo, na melhoria da eficiência energética e na sua sustentabilidade.
Doublets and Double Peaks: Late-Time [O I] 6300, 6364 Line Profiles of Stripped-Envelope, Core-Collapse Supernovae
Creators: name: Milisavljevic, D.
name: Fesen, R.
name: Gerardy, C.
name: Kirshner, R.
name: Challis, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present optical spectra of SN 2007gr, SN 2007rz, SN 2007uy, SN 2008ax, and SN 2008bo obtained in the nebular phase when line profiles can lead to information about the velocity distribution of the exploded cores. We compare these to 13 other published spectra of stripped-envelope core-collapse supernovae (Type IIb, Ib, and Ic) to investigate properties of their double-peaked [O I] 6300, 6364 emission. These 18 supernovae are divided into two empirical line profile types: (1) profiles showing two conspicuous emission peaks nearly symmetrically centered on either side of 6300 Angstroms and spaced approximately 64 Angstroms apart, close to the wavelength separation between the [O I] 6300, 6364 doublet lines, and (2) profiles showing asymmetric [O I] line profiles consisting of a pronounced emission peak near 6300 Angstroms plus one or more blueshifted emission peaks. Examination of these emission profiles, as well as comparison with profiles in the lines of [O I] 5577, O I 7774, and Mg I] 4571, leads us to conclude that neither type of [O I] double-peaked profile is necessarily the signature of emission from front and rear faces of ejecta arranged in a toroidal disk or elongated shell geometry as previously suggested. We propose possible alternative interpretations of double-peaked emission for each profile type, test their feasibility with simple line-fitting models, and discuss their strengths and weaknesses. The underlying cause of the observed predominance of blueshifted emission peaks is unclear, but may be due to internal scattering or dust obscuration of emission from far side ejecta.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures; new data and revisions to text and figures; matches version to be published in ApJ
A perspective of twisted photonic structures
Creators: name: Chen, Jialin
name: Lin, Xiao
name: Chen, Mingyuan
name: Low, Tony
name: Chen, Hongsheng
name: Dai, Siyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Moire superlattices-twisted van der Waals (vdW) structures with small angles-are attracting increasing attention in condensed matter physics, due to important phenomena revealed therein, including unconventional superconductivity, correlated insulating states, and ferromagnetism. Moire superlattices are typically comprised of atomic layers of vdW materials where the exotic physics arises from the quantum electronic coupling between adjacent atomic layers. Recently, moire electronics has motivated their photonic counterparts. In addition to vdW materials, twisted photonic systems can also be comprised of metamaterials, metasurfaces, and photonic crystals, mediated by interlayer electromagnetic coupling instead. The interplay between short-ranged interlayer quantum and long-ranged electromagnetic coupling in twisted structures are expected to yield rich phenomena in nano-optics. This perspective reviews recent progress in twisted structures for nanophotonics and outlooks emerging topics, opportunities, fundamental challenges, and potential applications.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures The following article has been accepted by Applied Physics Letters. After it is published, it will be found at https://aip.scitation.org/journal/apl
We carry the light, comprising : i) Writing in lockdown: exploring the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on writers' creativity, ii) We carry the light, a family novel set in Scotland during the pandemic
Creators: name: Muetzelfeldt, Laura
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Creative writing
subject: Covid-19
subject: Lockdown
subject: Pandemic
subject: Writer's block
subject: Creativity
subject: Pro-c creativity
subject: Fiction
subject: Writers
subject: Writing
subject: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020-, in literature
subject: COVID-19 Pandemic, 2020---Influence
subject: Creative writing--21st century
subject: Creation (Literary, artistic, etc.)--Psychological aspects
subject: Writer's block

description: This paper examines the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on writers’ practice during the periods that social distancing restrictions were in place. The study focuses on – but is not limited to – the first UK lockdown, which began on 23rd March 2020. Structured interviews were conducted with five writers, with an additional person responding to the questions in writing. This group included writers of fiction and non-fiction, as well as poets. Interviewees were at various points of their careers, ranging from an undergraduate creative writing student to a prize-winning author who has been publishing for over thirty years. Through these interviews, the impact of the pandemic on writing was explored in three main areas: the impact of emotions on the writing process; the effect Covid had on conditions needed for writing; and the ability of writers to find and/or act on inspiration. Incorporating evidence from these interviews – as well as from writing anthologies, newspaper articles, and literature relating to the pandemic – this study demonstrates that the pandemic did have a noticeable impact on writers’ creativity. Although two writers wrote more during lockdown, nearly all described the negative impact emotions had on their ability and/or motivation to write. Where the pandemic disrupted the conditions they need to write, writers wrote nothing, or significantly less than pre-pandemic; writers whose children lived with them during this time were most affected. Some noticed a negative correlation between finding/acting on inspiration and social distancing restrictions. Writers reflected on the impact of the pandemic and were able to identify positive and negative aspects that were a result of the restrictions, such as the benefits in terms of inclusion at literary events. The findings presented in the final section show the importance of learning from and recording the pandemic through writing.
The use of transmission electron microscopy with scanning mobility particle size spectrometry for an enhanced understanding of the physical characteristics of aerosol particles generated with a flow tube reactor
Creators: name: Tackman, Emma C.
name: Higgins, Devon N.
name: Kerecman, Devan E.
name: Ott, Emily-Jean E.
name: Johnston, Murray V.
name: Freedman, Miriam Arak
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Aerosol particles are found throughout the atmosphere with considerable variety in morphological characteristics and chemical composition. Identifying and characterizing these particle attributes is a significant step toward improving our understanding of atmospheric chemistry. Many methods exist for measuring the size and spreading of Aitken mode particles, but there are few studies rigorously comparing the results generated between approaches in this field. Here, we compare two methods for assessing aerosol particles – scanning mobility particle size spectrometry (SMPS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Aitken mode particles consisting of salt seed particles and seed particles coated with α-pinene secondary organic material were produced in a flow tube reactor. The same populations of particles were analyzed using both techniques to facilitate direct comparison. For ammonium sulfate particles impacted onto carbon and Si TEM substrates, diameters increased by +0% to +30% when compared to the suspended electrical mobility diameters, an unexpectedly wide range for a single component system. Coated particles had unpredictable diameter differences, sometimes evaluated at larger and sometimes smaller sizes after impaction when compared to the corresponding SMPS electrical mobility diameter, from −34% to +60%. While all particles were generally round in shape, variation in particle morphology was also observed in coated samples. Between 0% and 98% of particles displayed obvious phase separation suggesting more population-level diversity than expected from these particle generation processes. Characterizing the differences between TEM and SMPS results better elucidates the role of a substrate where present and shows nonequivalence in particle size distributions obtained from different instruments. Copyright © 2023 American Association for Aerosol Research
The SRG/eROSITA All-Sky Survey: View of the Virgo Cluster
Creators: name: McCall, Hannah
name: Reiprich, Thomas H.
name: Veronica, Angie
name: Pacaud, Florian
name: Sanders, Jeremy
name: Edler, Henrik W.
name: Brüggen, Marcus
name: Bulbul, Esra
name: de Gasparin, Francesco
name: Gatuzz, Efrain
name: Liu, Ang
name: Merloni, Andrea
name: Migkas, Konstantinos
name: Zhang, Xiaoyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As the closest galaxy cluster, the Virgo Cluster is an exemplary environment for the study of the large-scale filamentary structure and physical effects that are present in cluster outskirts but absent from the more easily studied inner regions. Here, we present an analysis of the SRG/eROSITA data from five all-sky surveys. eROSITA allows us to resolve the entire Virgo cluster and its outskirts on scales between 1 kpc and 3 Mpc, covering a total area on the sky of about 25$^\circ$ by 25$^\circ$. We utilized image manipulation techniques and surface brightness profiles to search for extended emission, surface brightness edges, and features in the outskirts. We employed a method of comparing mean and median profiles to measure gas clumping out to and beyond the virial radius. Surface brightness analysis of the cluster and individual sectors of the cluster reveal the full extent of previously identified cold fronts to the north and south. The emissivity bias due to gas clumping, which we quantify over three orders of magnitude in the radial range, is found to be mild, consistent with previous findings. We find uniform clumping measurements in all directions, with no enhancements along candidate filaments. We find an estimated virial gas mass of $M_{\mathrm{gas},r
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, Accepted by A&A
title: Resultados en el diagnóstico integral del cáncer de mama
Creators: name: Guirado Blázquez, Marta
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast
subject: Mammography
subject: MR
subject: Ultrasound
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Screening
subject: Neoplasia

description: Objetivos
Material y método
Resultados
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivos:
El objetivo de nuestro estudio ha sido evaluar las técnicas diagnósticas empleadas en el cribado del cáncer de mama (mamografía y / o ecografía) partiendo de los casos de cáncer de mama diagnosticados en nuestro centro,
considerando la...
Two-photon lasing by a single quantum dot in a high-Q microcavity
Creators: name: del Valle, Elena
name: Zippilli, Stefano
name: Laussy, Fabrice P.
name: Gonzalez-Tudela, Alejandro
name: Morigi, Giovanna
name: Tejedor, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate theoretically two-photon processes in a microcavity containing one quantum dot in the strong coupling regime. The cavity mode can be tuned to resonantly drive the two-photon transition between the ground and the biexciton states, while the exciton states are far-off resonance due to the biexciton binding energy. We study the steady state of the quantum dot and cavity field in presence of a continuous incoherent pumping. We identify the regime where the system acts as two-photon emitter and discuss the feasibility and performance of realistic single quantum dot devices for two-photon lasing.
description: 16 pages, 15 figures; one appendix added; version published in PRB
Modeling of silica synthesis in a laminar flame by coupling an extended population balance model with computational fluid dynamics
Creators: name: Tsagkaridis, Malamas
name: Rigopoulos, Stelios
name: Papadakis, George
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: In the present study, we propose a novel extended population balance equation (PBE) model for aggregation and sintering and couple it with computational fluid dynamics (CFD) to investigate synthesis of silica nanoparticles in a laminar diffusion flame. The extended PBE includes finite-rate sintering of primary particles by solving the PBE together with a transport equation for the number concentration of primary particles. In the process simulated, the particles are formed via the oxidation of a vapor precursor, hexamethyldisiloxane (HMDSO), and the aerosol processes include nucleation, condensation, aggregation and sintering. The model is validated with detailed experimental in-situ SAXS data found in the literature and is also compared with a monodisperse and a two-PBE approach. Good agreement is found between the extended one-PBE and two-PBE models, while both of them provide a substantial improvement over the monodisperse one. Furthermore, the coupled CFD-PBE simulation with the extended one-PBE model reduces substantially the computational time as compared with the two-PBE model and requires less than twice the time needed for the monodisperse model. Excellent agreement is found between numerical predictions and experimental data for temperature along the centerline and reasonably good agreement is found between numerical predictions and SAXS data for primary particle diameters. While results for the particle number concentration are in qualitative agreement with the experimental data, the particle formation rate is overpredicted, leading to an overestimation of the number concentration of the primary particles. This is attributed to uncertainties in the experimental data and precursor decomposition kinetics.
Extended Slow-Roll Conditions and Primordial Fluctuations: Multiple Scalar Fields and Generalized Gravity
Creators: name: Chiba, Takeshi
name: Yamaguchi, Masahide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As an extension of our previous study, we derive slow-roll conditions for multiple scalar fields which are non-minimally coupled with gravity and for generalized gravity theories of the form $f(ϕ,R)$. We provide simple formulae of the spectral indices of scalar/tensor perturbations in terms of the slow-roll parameters.
description: 15 pages, to appear in JCAP
Dark energy from quantum fluctuations
Creators: name: Broda, Bogusław
name: Szanecki, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived the quantum vacuum pressure P_vac as a primary entity, removing a trivial and a gauge terms from the cosmological constant-like part (the zeroth term) of the effective action for a free matter field. The quantum vacuum energy density G_vac appears a secondary entity, but both are of expected order. Moreover P_vac and G_vac are dynamical, and therefore they can be used in the Einstein equations. In particular, they could dynamically support holographic dark energy model as well as the `thermodynamic' one.
description: 4 pages (in AdP style), 2 references added, prepared for the proceedings of the Grassmannian Conference in Fundamental Cosmology (Grasscosmofun'09), 14-19 September 2009, Szczecin, Poland
Ambivalent and Consistent Relationships: The Role of Personal Networks in Cases of Domestic Violence
Creators: name: Bellotti, Elisa
name: Boethius, Susanne
name: Akerstrom, Malin
name: Hyden, Margareta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Social networks are usually considered as positive sources of social support, a role which has been extensively studied in the context of domestic violence. To victims of abuse, social networks often provide initial emotional and practical help as well useful information ahead of formal institutions. Recently, however, attention has been paid to the negative responses of social networks. In this article, we advance the theoretical debate on social networks as a source of social support by moving beyond the distinction between positive and negative ties. We do so by proposing the concepts of relational ambivalence and consistency, which describe the interactive processes by which people, intentionally or inadvertently, disregard or align with each other role relational expectations, therefore undermining or reinforcing individual choices of action. We analyse the qualitative accounts of nineteen female victims of domestic violence in Sweden, who described the responses of their personal networks during and after the abuse. We observe how the relationships embedded in these networks were described in ambivalent and consistent terms, and how they played a role in supporting or undermining women in reframing their loving relationships as abusive; in accounting or dismissing perpetrators responsibilities for the abuse; in relieving women from role expectations and obligations or in burdening them with further responsibilities; and in supporting or challenging their pathways out of domestic abuse. Our analysis suggests that social isolation cannot be considered a simple result of a lack of support but of the complex dynamics in which support is offered and accepted or withdrawn and refused.
MOND and the dark baryons
Creators: name: Tiret, O.
name: Combes, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider for the first time the implications on the modified gravity MOND model of galaxies, of the presence of dark baryons, under the form of cold molecular gas in galaxy discs. We show that MOND models of rotation curves are still valid and universal, but the critical acceleration a0 separating the Newtonian and MONDian regimes has a lower value. We quantify this modification, as a function of the scale factor c between the total gas of the galaxy and the measured atomic gas. The main analysis concerns 43 resolved rotation curves and allows us to find the best pair (a0 = 0.96 10e-10 m.s-2, c = 3), which is also compatible to the one obtained from a second method by minimizing the scatter in the baryonic Tully-Fisher relation.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, accepted in A&A
title: Papel de la TCMD Y RMN en el diagnóstico de lesiones quísticas del páncreas
Creators: name: Vivas Escalona, María Valentina
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Neoplasia
subject: Cysts
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Oncology
subject: Pancreas
subject: Abdomen

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir los hallazgos radiológicos y el diagnóstico diferencial de las lesiones quísticas del páncreas en la tomografía computerizada multidetector (TCMD) y la resonancia magnética (RM),
correlacionando los hallazgos con la anatomía...
Synchrotron Constraints on a Hybrid Cosmic-Ray and Thermally-Driven Galactic Wind
Creators: name: Everett, John E.
name: Schiller, Quintin G.
name: Zweibel, Ellen G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic rays and magnetic fields can substantially impact the launching of large-scale galactic winds. Many researchers have investigated the role of cosmic rays; our group previously showed that a cosmic-ray and thermally-driven wind could explain soft X-ray emission towards the center of the Galaxy. In this paper, we calculate the synchrotron emission from our original wind model and compare it to observations; the synchrotron data shows that earlier assumptions about the launching conditions of the wind must be changed: we are required to improve that earlier model by restricting the launching region to the domain of the inner "Molecular Ring", and by decreasing the magnetic field strength from the previously assumed maximum strength. With these physically-motived modifications, we find that a wind model can fit both the radio synchrotron and the X-ray emission, although that model is required to have a higher gas pressure and density than the previous model in order to reproduce the observed X-ray emission measure within the smaller `footprint'. The drop in magnetic field also decreases the effect of cosmic-ray heating, requiring a higher temperature at the base of the wind than the previous model.
description: 13 pages, 10 figures; accepted to ApJ
title: Evaluación de las prótesis articulares mediante RX simple. Kit de supervivencia  para el radiólogo.
Creators: name: Diez Renovales, Fernando
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Musculoskeletal bone
subject: Conventional radiography

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Describir e ilustrar con imágenes desde el punto de vista de la radiología simple la apariencia de los dispositivos prótesicos más habitualmente empleados en la actualidad Familiarizarnos con las referencias anatómicas útiles para valorar el...
Effect of Socioeconomic Adversity on Mother-Infant Interaction
Creators: name: Kim, Hyungkyung
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2021
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Mothers facing socioeconomic adversity may show suboptimal quality of mother-infant (MI) interaction, a vital factor influencing child development. However, little is known about how socioeconomic status (SES) measures reflecting socioeconomic adversity influence MI interaction because the association between socioeconomic adversity and MI interaction is complex. Therefore, this study investigated how four SES measures (income-to-needs ratio, education, marital status, and neighborhood environment) variously influenced MI interaction as well as the potential mediating and moderating roles of maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms and social support in the pathways by which those measures affected MI interaction. The cross-sectional correlational study was conducted using data from the Family Life Project; the sample consisted of 1,198 mother-infant dyads (infant mean age: 7.72 months). Structural equation modeling was employed to test the hypothesized mediation models, and PROCESS analyses and the Johnson-Neyman technique were applied to evaluate the moderating roles of social support. Findings indicated that maternal education level, marital status, and neighborhood environment had direct effects on maternal parenting behavior during MI interaction; additionally, neighborhood environment had indirect effects on infant behavior during MI interaction through the effects of maternal depressive and anxiety symptoms. Moreover, neighborhood environment showed a significant indirect effect on infant negative mood through the effects of social support. Furthermore, among all the subscales of social support (community involvement, friendship, family, and intimate relationships), only social support from intimate relationships moderated the associations among SES measures, maternal psychological well-being, and MI interaction. Specifically, social support from intimate relationships moderated the effect of single parenthood on maternal positive engagement as well as the effect of neighborhood environment on maternal anxiety symptoms. The results highlight the importance of interpersonal and contextual factors extending beyond individual-level factors in improving MI interaction for families facing socioeconomic adversity. Not only are individual-level interventions needed to enhance the quality of MI interaction, but public policies should also be implemented to improve neighborhood conditions for mothers and infants experiencing socioeconomic adversity. In development of such policies, the possibility should be considered that social support as well as neighborhood environment plays an important role in MI interaction.
Multiway Junction Conditions: Booklets and Webs
Creators: name: Shen, Jia-Yin
name: Peng, Cheng
name: Li, Li-Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Junction conditions play a crucial role in constructing new gravity solutions. In this paper, we derive the junction condition for gluing together an arbitrary number of spacetimes along a common interface. We develop a geometric technique of reverse extension and provide precise definitions of geometric quantities at the interface. This leads to a geometric derivation of the multiway junction condition. As a cross-check, we independently re-derive the junction condition by varying the action of some specific gravitational models including both Einstein gravity and dilaton gravity. We demonstrate that the junction condition is invariant under a change of frames, and the form of the junction condition is the same for both spacelike and timelike interfaces.
description: 33 pages,7 figures
title: Videofluoroscopia de la deglución: técnica
Creators: name: Cigarrán Sexto, Helena
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Swallowing disorders
subject: Contrast agent-oral
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Head and neck

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
La prevalencia de la disfagia orofaríngea en pacientes con enfermedades neurológicas y asociadas al envejecimiento es muy elevada y poco conocida.
Estosenfermos presentan un elevado riesgo de padecer neumonías por...
Visual intrusions resulting from the presence of motor vehicles in urban residential areas
Creators: name: Park, Donald F.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Visual intrusions are a consequence of the presence of motor vehicles in urban residential areas. Measuring the community's level of annoyance to the negative images of vehicles, determining the capacity of the visual environment to accommodate vehicles, and introducing standards of visual quality for the appearance of a neighbourhood are tasks in which urban planners should become involved. In the study of visual vehicular disturbances, literature was reviewed and a case study was undertaken. A questionnaire was organized and administered in three Vancouver residential areas so as to obtain attitudinal and factual information. Attitudinal responses were elicited in regard to the resident's actual environment and to certain standard environments portrayed in photographs. A data analysis involved correlations between variables which were hypothesized to be associated. The main conclusions from the research were, first that residents, when asked directly, do appear to be annoyed by the unattractiveness of vehicles in the residential environment. However, residents do not appear to be sensitive to the importance of visual intrusions as a problem when compared to other adverse vehicular effects. Second, the correlation coefficients were either not statistically significant or not high enough to be conclusive in support of the hypothesized associations between levels of annoyance and (l.) socio-economic status, (2) motor vehicle activity, and (3) effectiveness of visual screening structures. Third, and finally, the visual-capacity of the residential environment to accommodate motor vehicles was perceived to be higher by communities of lower socio-economic status. Because of the uncertain future use of motor vehicles, particularly in light of fuel shortages and rising insurance costs for vehicles, and the high public expenditures required for physical alterations to reorganize vehicular movements and parking facilities, "short-term", "wait and see", "bandaid" type approaches are recommended to mitigate the problem of visual intrusions. A planning alternative whereby accessibility is maintained while measures are -taken to enhance the visual quality leads to an implementing proposal such as visual screening structures.
Postshock turbulence and diffusive shock acceleration in young supernova remnants
Creators: name: Marcowith, A.
name: Casse, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The present article investigates magnetic amplification in the upstream medium of SNR blast wave through both resonant and non-resonant regimes of the streaming instability. It aims at a better understanding of the diffusive shock acceleration (DSA) efficiency considering various relaxation processes of the magnetic fluctuations in the downstream medium. Multi-wavelength radiative signatures coming from the SNR shock wave are used in order to put to the test the different downstream turbulence relaxation models. We confirm the result of Parizot et al (2006) that the maximum CR energies should not go well beyond PeV energies in young SNRs where X-ray filaments are observed. In order to match observational data, we derive an upper limit on the magnetic field amplitude insuring that stochastic particle reacceleration remain inefficient. Considering then, various magnetic relaxation processes, we present two necessary conditions to achieve efficient acceleration and X-ray filaments in SNRs: 1/the turbulence must fulfil the inequality $2-β-δ_{\rm d} \ge 0$ where $β$ is the turbulence spectral index while $δ_d$ is the relaxation length energy power-law index; 2/the typical relaxation length has to be of the order the X-ray rim size. We identify that Alvénic/fast magnetosonic mode damping does fulfil all conditions while non-linear Kolmogorov damping does not. Confronting previous relaxation processes to observational data, we deduct that among our SNR sample, the older ones (SN1006 & G347.3-0.5) fail to verify all conditions which means that their X-ray filaments are likely controlled by radiative losses. The younger SNRs, Cas A, Tycho and Kepler, do pass all tests and we infer that the downstream magnetic field amplitude is lying in the range of 200-300 $μ$ Gauss.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, Astronomy & Astrophysics (in press). Version 2 uploaded - 03/06/2010