cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
CTopPRM: Clustering Topological PRM for Planning Multiple Distinct Paths in 3D Environments
Creators: name: Novosad, Matej
name: Penicka, Robert
name: Vonasek, Vojtech
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a new method called Clustering Topological PRM (CTopPRM) for finding multiple homotopically distinct paths in 3D cluttered environments. Finding such distinct paths, e.g., going around an obstacle from a different side, is useful in many applications. Among others, using multiple distinct paths is necessary for optimization-based trajectory planners where found trajectories are restricted to only a single homotopy class of a given path. Distinct paths can also be used to guide sampling-based motion planning and thus increase the effectiveness of planning in environments with narrow passages. Graph-based representation called roadmap is a common representation for path planning and also for finding multiple distinct paths. However, challenging environments with multiple narrow passages require a densely sampled roadmap to capture the connectivity of the environment. Searching such a dense roadmap for multiple paths is computationally too expensive. Therefore, the majority of existing methods construct only a sparse roadmap which, however, struggles to find all distinct paths in challenging environments. To this end, we propose the CTopPRM which creates a sparse graph by clustering an initially sampled dense roadmap. Such a reduced roadmap allows fast identification of homotopically distinct paths captured in the dense roadmap. We show, that compared to the existing methods the CTopPRM improves the probability of finding all distinct paths by almost 20% in tested environments, during same run-time. The source code of our method is released as an open-source package.
description: in IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters
On-Chip Thermal Gradients Created by Radiative Cooling of Silicon Nitride Nanomechanical Resonators
Creators: name: Bouchard, Alexandre
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Radiative Cooling
Nanomechanical Resonator
Silicon Nitride
Thermal Gradient

description: Small scale renewable energy harvesting is an attractive solution to the growing need for power in remote technological applications. For this purpose, localized thermal gradients on-chip—created via radiative cooling—could be exploited to produce microscale renewable heat engines running on environmental heat. This could allow self-powering in small scale portable applications, thus reducing the need for non-renewable sources of electricity and hazardous batteries. In this work, we demonstrate the creation of a local thermal gradient on-chip by radiative cooling of a 90 nm thick freestanding silicon nitride nanomechanical resonator integrated on a silicon substrate at ambient temperature. The reduction in temperature of the thin film is inferred by tracking its mechanical resonance frequency, under high vacuum, using an optical fiber interferometer. Experiments were conducted on 15 different days during fall and summer months, resulting in successful radiative cooling in each case. Maximum temperature drops of 9.3 K and 7.1 K are demonstrated during the day and night, respectively, in close correspondence with our heat transfer model. Future improvements to the experimental setup could enhance the temperature reduction to 48 K for the same membrane, while emissivity engineering potentially yields a maximum theoretical cooling of 67 K with an ideal emitter. This thesis first elaborates a literature review on the field of radiative cooling, along with a theoretical review of relevant thermal radiation concepts. Then, a heat transfer model of the radiative cooling experiment is detailed, followed by the experimental method, apparatus, and procedures. Finally, the experimental and theoretical results are presented, along with future work and concluding remarks.
SMN Depletion has a Differential Effect on Expression of Igf1 and Trp53 in the CNS and Peripheral Tissues of Two Different Mouse Models of Spinal Muscular Atrophy
Creators: name: Donoghue, Morgan
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2023
Subjects: Spinal Muscular Atrophy
IGF-1
Trp53

description: Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease resulting in death of the lower motor neurons, muscle atrophy, and in severe cases death. Due to mutations or deletions in the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene, levels of functional SMN protein product are decreased. While SMA was previously described as a motor neuron exclusive disorder, recent evidence suggests that many tissue and cell types throughout the body are affected. The objective of our study was to outline the effects of varying levels of SMN depletion on two genes of interest, namely Insulin-like growth factor 1 (Igf-1) and Tumor suppressor protein 53 (Trp53) in multiple tissues throughout disease course. The severe Smn2B/- and mild Smn2B/-; SMN2+/- mouse models of SMA were utilized in our studies to determine the levels of mRNA expression and subsequent protein output for these two genes. We employed RT-qPCR, western blot, and ELISA experimental methods. In Smn2B/- mice, Igf-1 mRNA was substantially decreased in symptomatic liver tissue. This was accompanied by widespread decrease in IGF-1 protein in peripheral tissues. Interestingly, this depletion effect on Igf-1 was not observed in the mild mouse model. Our analysis also showed that Trp53 mRNA was dramatically increased within tibialis anterior skeletal muscle of symptomatic Smn2B/- mice, alongside an upregulation of factors involved in p53 mediated apoptosis. Once again, this effect was not observed in the mild Smn2B/-; SMN2+/- mouse model. Overall, we have demonstrated that the extent of SMN depletion, determines whether the expression of Igf-1 and Trp53 is perturbed, suggesting that disease severity is an important factor in what pathways are affected. Finally, we show that alterations in gene expression patterns or subsequent protein levels act in a tissue-specific fashion. More investigation is encouraged to highlight IGF-1’s role as a potential SMN-independent therapeutic for SMA.
Undocumented students in New Jersey: exploring validation experiences at Rutgers University-Newark
Creators: name: Sánchez Gómez, Cynthia Nancy
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: There are more than 11 million undocumented immigrants living in the United States, including young individuals, often referred to as DREAMers, who moved to this country as children and have partaken in various aspects of this nation’s society, such as their participation in higher education. Existing literature has identified barriers faced by undocumented students in higher education nationwide, including unique challenges in accessing, financing, and navigating college life. However, institutions of higher education have the autonomy to provide undocufriendly and undocuserving environments that may alleviate some of the undocumented students’ concerns that are unaddressed at the federal or state levels. This study contributes to research on undocumented students in higher education by exploring geographic and racial diversity often excluded from this type of scholarly research. My in-depth qualitative inquiry examines a racially/ethnically diverse undocumented immigrant community within the state of New Jersey. By using a Critical Race Theoretical (CRT) perspective for undocumented communities and counterstorytelling as a methodological approach, this study includes the voices of 12 undocumented undergraduate students/alumni from Rutgers University–Newark, a Minority Serving Institution (MSI) in New Jersey that makes continuous efforts in serving undocumented students. Thus, the study explored how institutional support and experiences of validation influence undocumented students’ overall college experience. Three main findings emerged from the data: (1) Undocumented college students take non-monolithic approaches to systems of power; (2) Humanity is at the center of authentic validation; and (3) Undocumented pride is a developmental process. The study presented Rutgers University-Newark as an undocuserving institution where undocumented students experienced validation through various sources.
Social Media Use During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Study on Crisis Communication in the Municipality of Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines
Creators: name: Miranda, Alliana M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Social Media
Social Media Engagement
Crisis Communication
COVID-19

description: COVID19 has brought huge effects on different fields including communication. The way people communicated at this time shifted to other communication platforms like social media. Issues, updates, and other information related to the pandemic were coursed through electronically. This study therefore explored how social media, specifically Facebook, was used as a crisis communication tool by the Municipality of Los Baños to govern during a crisis situation. It also determined how different the younger and older generation residents used social media during the pandemic. Guided by the Social Media Engagement Theory (Gangi and Wasko, 2016), a one-shot survey of 410 respondents was conducted. Results showed that the residents of Los Baños did not depend solely on the municipality's FB page as a primary tool during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, the younger generation was deeply engaged in sharing announcements that served as their primary source of information during the crisis, as well as an informational tool during the pandemic. This implies that information that can instruct the residents was shared to increase awareness that would guide their actions. On the other hand, the older generation used social media as a tool for communication rather than a source of primary information. As a tool, social media was used to appease the residents of the locale where engagement albeit moderate saw its value in governance during a crisis. Lastly, variables including engagement, interaction, and involvement and participation can be considered as significant to measure SMET.
Immunodominance in the cytotoxic T lymphocyte response to herpes simplex virus
Creators: name: Wallace., Morgan Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Evidence of Kitaev interaction in the monolayer 1T-CrTe$_2$
Creators: name: Huang, Can
name: Liu, Bingjie
name: Jiang, LingZi
name: Pan, Yanfei
name: Fan, Jiyu
name: Shi, Daning
name: Ma, Chunlan
name: Luo, Qiang
name: Zhu, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two-dimensional 1T-CrTe$_2$ has been an attractive room-temperature van der Waals magnet which has a potential application in spintronic devices. Although it was recognized as a ferromagnetism in the past, the monolayer 1T-CrTe$_2$ was recently found to exhibit zigzag antiferromagnetism with the easy axis oriented at $70^\circ$ to the perpendicular direction of the plane. Therefore, the origin of the intricate anisotropic magnetic behavior therein is well worthy of thorough exploration. Here, by applying density functional theory with spin spiral method, we demonstrate that the Kitaev interaction, together with the single-ion anisotropy and other off-diagonal exchanges, is amenable to explain the magnetic orientation in the metallic 1T-CrTe$_2$. Moreover, the Ruderman-Kittle-Kasuya-Yosida interaction can also be extracted from the dispersion calculations, which explains the metallic behavior of 1T-CrTe$_2$. Our results demonstrate that 1T-CrTe$_2$ is potentially a rare metallic Kitaev material.
Investigation of the lower airway immune environment in children with preschool wheeze
Creators: name: Cook, James William Andrew
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Preschool wheeze (PSW), occurring between the ages of one and five years, most commonly reflects acute obstruction of the distal airways. It affects 1 in 2 children by 6 years, and acute attacks in this age-group are the leading cause of hospital admission during childhood. PSW is predictive of asthma at school age, low lung function persisting into adulthood, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in later life. Current treatments to prevent attacks are limited in their effectiveness, and modification of disease progression is not possible with current treatment strategies. Abnormalities in early life pulmonary immune development, associated with adverse environmental exposures are implicated as critical in the development of PSW. However, very little is known about how the pathophysiological features and mechanisms underlying impaired lung function and airway remodelling in PSW. I hypothesised that children with PSW have a dysregulated lower airway immune environment associated with microbial dysbiosis and airway remodelling. Using bronchoalveolar lavage and bronchial biopsy samples, I compared leukocyte populations, inflammatory mediators, microbiome, airway macrophage (AM) transcriptome, and measures of airway remodelling, between severe PSW and non-wheezing control children. I found no evidence of a type 2 inflammatory responses in this cohort of children with PSW. I observed the lower airway immune environment to be neutrophilic, with an abundance of inflammatory cytokines. The neutrophilia was associated with the presence of pathogens but was not a PSW specific finding. Specific features of the PSW airway were an over-abundance of Moraxella species, a proinflammatory AM transcriptome associated with the presence of Moraxella, and increased reticular basement membrane thickness, indicative of airway remodelling. Collectively these data suggest that the lower airway immune environment is indeed dysregulated in PSW, and implicate PSW specific features such as Moraxella abundance and AM phenotypic differences as potential drivers of remodelling.
Local Analogs for High-redshift Galaxies: Resembling the Physical Conditions of the Interstellar Medium in High-redshift Galaxies
Creators: name: Bian, Fuyan
name: Kewley, Lisa
name: Dopita, Michael
name: Juneau, Stephanie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a sample of local analogs for high-redshift galaxies selected in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). The physical conditions of the interstellar medium (ISM) in these local analogs resemble those in high-redshift galaxies. These galaxies are selected based on their positions in the [OIII]/H$β$ versus [NII]/H$α$ nebular emission-line diagnostic diagram. We show that these local analogs share similar physical properties with high-redshift galaxies, including high specific star formation rates (sSFRs), flat UV continuums and compact galaxy sizes. In particular, the ionization parameters and electron densities in these analogs are comparable to those in $z\simeq2-3$ galaxies, but higher than those in normal SDSS galaxies by $\simeq$0.6~dex and $\simeq$0.9~dex, respectively. The mass-metallicity relation (MZR) in these local analogs shows $-0.2$~dex offset from that in SDSS star-forming galaxies at the low mass end, which is consistent with the MZR of the $z\sim2-3$ galaxies. We compare the local analogs in this study with those in other studies, including Lyman break analogs (LBA) and green pea (GP) galaxies. The analogs in this study share a similar star formation surface density with LBAs, but the ionization parameters and electron densities in our analogs are higher than those in LBAs by factors of 1.5 and 3, respectively. The analogs in this study have comparable ionization parameter and electron density to the GP galaxies, but our method can select galaxies in a wider redshift range. We find the high sSFR and SFR surface density can increase the electron density and ionization parameters, but still cannot fully explain the difference in ISM condition between nearby galaxies and the local analogs/high-redshift galaxies.
description: 13 pages, 11 figures, accepted by ApJ
Scattering Evidence of Positional Charge Correlations in Polyelectrolyte Complexes
Creators: name: Fang, Yan
name: Rumyantsev, Artem M.
name: Neitzel, Angelika E.
name: Liang, Heyi
name: Heller, William T.
name: Nealey, Paul F.
name: Tirrel, Matthew V.
name: de Pablo, Juan J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polyelectrolyte complexation plays an important role in materials science and biology. The internal structure of the resultant polyelectrolyte complex (PEC) phase dictates properties such as physical state, response to external stimuli, and dynamics. Small-angle scattering experiments with X-rays and neutrons have revealed structural similarities between PECs and semidilute solutions of neutral polymers, where the total scattering function exhibits an Ornstein-Zernike form. In spite of consensus among different theoretical predictions, the existence of positional correlations between polyanion and polycation charges has not been confirmed experimentally. Here, we present small-angle neutron scattering profiles where the polycation scattering length density is matched to that of the solvent to extract positional correlations among anionic monomers. The polyanion scattering functions exhibit a peak at the inverse polymer screening radius of Coulomb interactions, $q^{*} \approx 0.2 Å^{-1}$. This peak, attributed to Coulomb repulsions between the fragments of polyanions and their attractions to polycations, is even more pronounced in the calculated charge scattering function that quantifies positional correlations of all polymer charges within the PEC. Screening of electrostatic interactions by adding salt leads to the gradual disappearance of this correlation peak, and the scattering functions regain an Ornstein-Zernike form. Experimental scattering results are consistent with those calculated from the random phase approximation, a scaling analysis, and molecular simulations.
Spinning dust emission from ultrasmall silicates: emissivity and polarization spectrum
Creators: name: Hoang, Thiem
name: Vinh, Nguyen Anh
name: Lan, Nguyen Quynh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Anomalous microwave emission (AME) is an important Galactic foreground of Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB) radiation. It is believed that the AME arises from rotational emission by spinning polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the interstellar medium (ISM). In this paper, we assume that a population of ultrasmall silicate grains may exist in the ISM, and quantify rotational emissivity from these tiny particles and its polarization spectrum. We found that spinning silicate nanoparticles can produce strong rotational emission when those small grains follow a log-normal size distribution. The polarization fraction of spinning dust emission from tiny silicates increases with decreasing the dipole moment per atom ($β$) and can reach $P\sim 20\%$ for $β\sim 0.1$D at grain temperature of 60 K. We identify a parameter space $(β,Y_{Si})$ for silicate nanoparticles in which its rotational emission can adequately reproduce both the observed AME and the polarization of the AME, without violating the observational constraints by the ultraviolet extinction and polarization of starlight. Our results reveal that rotational emission from spinning silicate may be an important source of the AME.
description: 11 pages, 9 figures, submitted to ApJ
Probing the CO and methanol snow lines in young protostars. Results from the CALYPSO IRAM-PdBI survey
Creators: name: Anderl, S.
name: Maret, S.
name: Cabrit, S.
name: Belloche, A.
name: Maury, A. J.
name: André, Ph.
name: Codella, C.
name: Bacmann, A.
name: Bontemps, S.
name: Podio, L.
name: Gueth, F.
name: Bergin, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. "Snow lines", marking regions where abundant volatiles freeze out onto the surface of dust grains, play an important role for planet growth and bulk composition in protoplanetary disks. They can already be observed in the envelopes of the much younger, low-mass Class 0 protostars that are still in their early phase of heavy accretion. Aims. We aim at using the information on the sublimation regions of different kinds of ices to understand the chemistry of the envelope, its temperature and density structure, and the history of the accretion process. Methods. As part of the CALYPSO IRAM Large Program, we have obtained observations of C$^{18}$O, N$_2$H$^+$ and CH$_3$OH towards nearby Class 0 protostars with the IRAM Plateau de Bure interferometer at sub-arcsecond resolution. For four of these sources we have modeled the emission using a chemical code coupled with a radiative transfer module. Results. We observe an anti-correlation of C$^{18}$O and N$_2$H$^+$ in NGC 1333-IRAS4A, NGC 1333-IRAS4B, L1157, and L1448C, with N$_2$H$^+$ forming a ring around the centrally peaked C$^{18}$O emission due to N$_2$H$^+$ being chemically destroyed by CO. The emission regions of models and observations match for a CO binding energy of 1200 K, which is higher than the binding energy of pure CO ices ($\sim$855 K). Furthermore, we find very low CO abundances inside the snow lines in our sources, about an order of magnitude lower than the total CO abundance observed in the gas on large scales in molecular clouds before depletion sets in. Conclusions. The high CO binding energy may hint at CO being frozen out in a polar ice environment like amorphous water ice or in non-polar CO$_2$-rich ice. The low CO abundances are comparable to values found in protoplanetary disks, which may indicate an evolutionary scenario where these low values are already established in the protostellar phase. (Abbr. Version)
description: 20 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Large deviations of continuous regular conditional probabilities
Creators: name: van Zuijlen, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study product regular conditional probabilities under measures of two coordinates with respect to the second coordinate that are weakly continuous on the support of the marginal of the second coordinate. Assuming that there exists a sequence of probability measures on the product space that satisfies a large deviation principle, we present necessary and sufficient conditions for the conditional probabilities under these measures to satisfy a large deviation principle. The arguments of these conditional probabilities are assumed to converge. A way to view regular conditional probabilities as a special case of product regular conditional probabilities is presented. This is used to derive conditions for large deviations of regular conditional probabilities. In addition, we derive a Sanov-type theorem for large deviations of the empirical distribution of the first coordinate conditioned on fixing the empirical distribution of the second coordinate.
A Bootstrap Multigrid Eigensolver
Creators: name: Brannick, James
name: Cao, Shuhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58C40, 65N25, 65N30, 65N55

description: This paper introduces bootstrap multigrid methods for solving eigenvalue problems arising from the discretization of partial differential equations. Inspired by the full bootstrap algebraic multigrid (BAMG) setup algorithm that includes an AMG eigensolver, it is illustrated how the algorithm can be simplified for the case of a discretized partial differential equation (PDE), thereby developing a bootstrap geometric multigrid (BMG) approach. We illustrate numerically the efficacy of the BMG method for: (1) recovering eigenvalues having large multiplicity, (2) computing interior eigenvalues, and (3) approximating shifted indefinite eigenvalue problems. Numerical experiments are presented to illustrate the basic components and ideas behind the success of the overall bootstrap multigrid approach. For completeness, we present a simplified error analysis of a two-grid bootstrap algorithm for the Laplace-Beltrami eigenvalue problem.
Signatures for shape coexistence and shape/phase transitions in even-even nuclei
Creators: name: Bonatsos, Dennis
name: Martinou, Andriana
name: Peroulis, S. K.
name: Mertzimekis, T. J.
name: Minkov, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematics of B(E2) transition rates connecting the first excited 0+ state to the first excited 2+ state of the ground state band in even-even nuclei indicates that shape coexistence of the ground state band and the first excited K=0 band should be expected in nuclei lying within the stripes of nucleon numbers 7-8, 17-20, 34-40, 59-70, 96-112 predicted by the dual shell mechanism of the proxy-SU(3) model, avoiding their junctions, within which high deformation is expected. Systematics of the excitation energies of the first excited 0+ states in even-even nuclei show that shape coexistence due to proton-induced neutron particle-hole excitations is related to a first-order shape/phase transition from spherical to deformed shapes, while shape coexistence due to neutron-induced proton particle-hole excitations is observed along major proton shell closures.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
De Sitter Special Relativity as a Possible Reason for Conformal Symmetry and Confinement in QCD
Creators: name: Kirchbach, M.
name: Compean, C. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Conformal symmetry and color confinement in the infrared regime of QCD are interpreted by means of a conjectured deSitter $dS_4$ geometry of the internal space-time of hadrons, an assumption inspired by the hypothesis on deSitter special relativity. Within such a scenario, the interactions involving the virtual gluon and constituent quark degrees of freedom of hadrons are deduced from the Green functions of Laplace operators on the $dS_4$ geodesics. Then the conformal symmetry of QCD emerges as a direct consequence of the conformal symmetry of the $dS_4$ space-time, while the color confinement, understood as colorlessness of hadrons, appears as a consequence of the inevitable charge neutrality of the unique closed space-like manifold, the three dimensional hyper-sphere $S^3$, on whose geodesics the hadron's constituents are conjectured to reside when near rest frame. Mesons are now modelled as quarkish color-anticolor dipoles, whose free quantum motions on the aforementioned $S^3$ geodesic are perturbed by a potential generated by a gluon--anti-gluon color dipole. The potential predicted presents itself as the color charge analogue to the "curved" Coulomb potential, i.e. to the electric potential that defines a consistent electrostatic theory on a hyper-spherical surface. The advantage of this method is that it allows to establish a direct relationship of the potential parameters to the fundamental constants of QCD. We apply the model to the description of the spectra of the $a_1$ and $f_1$ mesons, and the pion electric charge form factor, finding fair agreement with data.
description: 18pages, 11 figures, 1 Table; Revised according to the published version, minor changes
title: Stabilizability Analysis of Multiple Model Control with Probabilistic
Creators: name: Suebsomran, Anan
Publisher: name: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences
Year: 2019

description: In this paper, we derive some useful necessary conditions for stabilizability of multiple model control using a bank of stabilizing state feedback controllers. The outputs of this set are weighted by their probabilities as a soft switching system and together fed back to the plant. We study quadratic stabilizability of this closed loop soft switching system for both continuous and discrete-time hybrid system. For the continuous-time hybrid system, a bound on sum of eigenvalues of is found when their derivatives of Lyapunov functions are upper bounded. For discrete-time hybrid system, a new stabilizability condition of soft switching signals is presented.
description: International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Vol 2 No 2 (2019): International Journal of Innovative Technology and Interdisciplinary Sciences - Volume 2, Issue 2
Universal dynamics and controlled switching of dissipative Kerr solitons in optical microresonators
Creators: name: Karpov, M.
name: Guo, H.
name: Lucas, E.
name: Kordts, A.
name: Pfeiffer, M. H. P.
name: Lichachev, G.
name: Lobanov, V. E.
name: Gorodetsky, M. L.
name: Kippenberg, T. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dissipative temporal Kerr solitons in optical microresonators enable to convert a continuous wave laser into a train of femtosecond pulses. Of particular interest are single soliton states, whose $\mathrm{sech}^{2}$ spectral envelope provides a spectrally smooth and low noise optical frequency comb, and that recently have been generated in crystalline, silica, and silicon-nitride resonators. Here, we study the dynamics of multiple soliton states containing ${N}$ solitons and report the discovery of a novel, yet simple mechanism which makes it possible to reduce deterministically the number of solitons, one by one, i.e. ${N\! \to\! N\!-\!1\! \to\! \dots \!\to\! 1}$. By applying weak phase modulation, we directly characterize the soliton state via a double-resonance response. The dynamical probing demonstrates that transitions occur in a predictable way, and thereby enables us to map experimentally the underlying multi-stability diagram of dissipative Kerr solitons. These measurements reveal the "lifted" degeneracy of soliton states as a result of the power-dependent thermal shift of the cavity resonance (i.e. the thermal nonlinearity). The experimental results are in agreement with theoretical and numerical analysis that incorporate the thermal nonlinearity. By studying two different microresonator platforms (integrated $\mathrm{Si_{3}N_{4}}$ microresonators and crystalline $\mathrm{MgF_{2}}$ resonators) we confirm that these effects have a universal nature. Beyond elucidating the fundamental dynamical properties of dissipative Kerr solitons the observed phenomena are also of practical relevance, providing a manipulation toolbox which enables to sequentially reduce, monitor and stabilize the number ${N}$ of solitons, preventing it from decay. Achieving reliable single soliton operation and stabilization in this manner in optical resonators is imperative to applications.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
What is Aperiodic Order?
Creators: name: Baake, Michael
name: Damanik, David
name: Grimm, Uwe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 52C23, 37B50, 81Q10

description: This article provides a brief introductory account of the theory of aperiodic order.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
The structure of almost Abelian Lie algebras
Creators: name: Avetisyan, Zhirayr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An almost Abelian Lie algebra is a non-Abelian Lie algebra with a codimension 1 Abelian ideal. Most 3-dimensional real Lie algebras are almost Abelian, and they appear in every branch of physics that deals with anisotropic media - cosmology, crystallography etc. In differential geometry and theoretical physics, almost Abelian Lie groups have given rise to some of the simplest solvmanifolds on which various geometric structures such as symplectic, Kähler, spin etc., are currently studied in explicit terms. However, a systematic study of almost Abelian Lie groups and algebras from mathematics perspective has not been carried out yet, and the present paper is the first step in addressing this wide and diverse class of groups and algebras. The present paper studies the structure and important algebraic properties of almost Abelian Lie algebras of arbitrary dimension over any field of scalars. A classification of almost Abelian Lie algebras is given. All Lie subalgebras and ideals, automorphisms and derivations, Lie orthogonal operators and quadratic Casimir elements are described exactly.
Identificação da pessoa idosa em condições de vulnerabilidade
Creators: name: Aurilene Josefa Cartaxo De Arruda Cavalcanti
name: Valdevino, Stella Costa
name: Adriano, Maria Soraya Pereira Franco
name: Araújo, Anne Karoline Cândido
name: Ramalho, Aline Silvana Pontes
name: Lucas, Amanda Maria Carneiro
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Idoso
Cuidado
Condições Vulneráveis

description: Esta cartilha foi elaborada com o objetivo de fornecer informações para facilitar a compreensão diante da identificação da pessoa idosa em condições de vulnerabilidade. Está destinada aos estudantes do curso Técnico em Cuidados de Idosos do Centro Profissional e Tecnológico-Escola Técnica de Saúde da Universidade Federal da Paraíba (CPT-ETS/UFPB). O esquema a seguir irá contribuir com noções básicas de como os cuidadores poderão seguir, para fornecer assistência de forma adequada acerca das fragilidades e prevenir possíveis agravos.
Fast and Robust Hand Tracking Using Detection-Guided Optimization
Creators: name: Sridhar, Srinath
name: Mueller, Franziska
name: Oulasvirta, Antti
name: Theobalt, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Markerless tracking of hands and fingers is a promising enabler for human-computer interaction. However, adoption has been limited because of tracking inaccuracies, incomplete coverage of motions, low framerate, complex camera setups, and high computational requirements. In this paper, we present a fast method for accurately tracking rapid and complex articulations of the hand using a single depth camera. Our algorithm uses a novel detection-guided optimization strategy that increases the robustness and speed of pose estimation. In the detection step, a randomized decision forest classifies pixels into parts of the hand. In the optimization step, a novel objective function combines the detected part labels and a Gaussian mixture representation of the depth to estimate a pose that best fits the depth. Our approach needs comparably less computational resources which makes it extremely fast (50 fps without GPU support). The approach also supports varying static, or moving, camera-to-scene arrangements. We show the benefits of our method by evaluating on public datasets and comparing against previous work.
description: 9 pages, Accepted version of paper published at CVPR 2015
Approximate Variational Estimation for a Model of Network Formation
Creators: name: Mele, Angelo
name: Zhu, Lingjiong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We develop approximate estimation methods for exponential random graph models (ERGMs), whose likelihood is proportional to an intractable normalizing constant. The usual approach approximates this constant with Monte Carlo simulations, however convergence may be exponentially slow. We propose a deterministic method, based on a variational mean-field approximation of the ERGM's normalizing constant. We compute lower and upper bounds for the approximation error for any network size, adapting nonlinear large deviations results. This translates into bounds on the distance between true likelihood and mean-field likelihood. Monte Carlo simulations suggest that in practice our deterministic method performs better than our conservative theoretical approximation bounds imply, for a large class of models.
description: 52 pages
Factors influencing lung liquid secretion and reabsorption in the ovine fetus
Creators: name: Wallace., Megan Jane
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Deliverable 10.5: Public Communication Materials Period 3
Creators: name: Cintia, Escandell García
name: Fausto, Sainz
name: Gisela, Soley
name: Julio, Pérez Torres
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Provides the Public communication materials period 3 for the CircThread project including as outcomes: a summary of the advanced communication materials developed by M36, both project online and offline media with their key messages and targeted audience, a summary of the advanced network developed following the stakeholder database implementation and advanced communication outreach.
AGN are cooler than you think: the intrinsic far-IR emission from QSOs
Creators: name: Symeonidis, M.
name: Giblin, B.
name: Page, M. J.
name: Pearson, C.
name: Bendo, G.
name: Seymour, N.
name: Oliver, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an intrinsic AGN SED extending from the optical to the submm, derived with a sample of unobscured, optically luminous (vLv(5100)>10^43.5 erg/s) QSOs at z<0.18 from the Palomar Green survey. The intrinsic AGN SED was computed by removing the contribution from stars using the 11.3um polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) feature in the QSOs' mid-IR spectra; the 1sigma uncertainty on the SED ranges between 12 and 45 per cent as a function of wavelength and is a combination of PAH flux measurement errors and the uncertainties related to the conversion between PAH luminosity and star-forming luminosity. Longwards of 20um the shape of the intrinsic AGN SED is independent of the AGN power indicating that our template should be applicable to all systems hosting luminous AGN (vLv(5100) or L_X(2-10keV) > 10^43.5 erg/s). We note that for our sample of luminous QSOs, the average AGN emission is at least as high as, and mostly higher than, the total stellar powered emission at all wavelengths from the optical to the submm. This implies that in many galaxies hosting powerful AGN, there is no `safe' broadband photometric observation (at lambda<1000um) which can be used in calculating star-formation rates without subtracting the AGN contribution. Roughly, the AGN contribution may be ignored only if the intrinsic AGN luminosity at 5100 Ang is at least a factor of 4 smaller than the total infrared luminosity (L_IR; 8-1000um) of the galaxy. Finally, we examine the implication of our work in statistical studies of star-formation in AGN host galaxies.
description: 22 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Unusual square roots in the ghost-free theory of massive gravity
Creators: name: Golovnev, Alexey
name: Smirnov, Fedor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A crucial building block of the ghost free massive gravity is the square root function of a matrix. This is a problematic entity from the viewpoint of existence and uniqueness properties. We accurately describe the freedom of choosing a square root of a (non-degenerate) matrix. It has discrete and (in special cases) continuous parts. When continuous freedom is present, the usual perturbation theory in terms of matrices can be critically ill defined for some choices of the square root. We consider the new formulation of massive and bimetric gravity which deals directly with eigenvalues (in disguise of elementary symmetric polynomials) instead of matrices. It allows for a meaningful discussion of perturbation theory in such cases, even though certain non-analytic features arise.
description: 24 pages; minor changes, final version
Entanglement harvesting for different gravitational wave burst profiles with and without memory
Creators: name: Barman, Subhajit
name: Chakraborty, Indranil
name: Mukherjee, Sajal
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present article, we study how different gravitational wave (GW) burst profiles in linearized gravity, with and without the asymptotic memory, may influence the harvesting between two static Unruh-DeWitt detectors. To this end, we investigate the following burst profiles -- Gaussian, sech-squared, Heaviside step function, and tanh. Out of these, the first two bursts contain no memory, while the latter two consist of a non-vanishing memory effect. We find that in all of these cases, entanglement harvesting is possible, and it decreases with the increasing distance between detectors and the detector transition energy. We observe that the harvesting differs qualitatively based on the presence or absence of the memory, which is prominent in a low transition energy regime. With memory, the harvesting keeps increasing with decreasing transition energy, while without memory, it tends to reach finite values. Furthermore, for the two burst profiles without memory, longer bursts correspond to greater harvesting in the low detector transition energy regime, and this characteristic is reversed for larger transition energy. Meanwhile, for the tanh-type profile with memory, harvesting is always greater for shorter bursts. We discuss various implications of our findings.
description: Some additions and clarifications, matches with the published version in JHEP
Events leading up to the June 2015 outburst of V404 Cyg
Creators: name: Bernardini, F.
name: Russell, D. M.
name: Shaw, A. W.
name: Lewis, F.
name: Charles, P. A.
name: Koljonen, K. I. I.
name: Lasota, J. P.
name: Casares, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: On 2015 June 15 the burst alert telescope (BAT) on board {\em Swift} detected an X-ray outburst from the black hole transient V404 Cyg. We monitored V404 Cyg for the last 10 years with the 2-m Faulkes Telescope North in three optical bands (V, R, and i$^{'}$). We found that, one week prior to this outburst, the optical flux was 0.1--0.3 mag brighter than the quiescent orbital modulation, implying an optical precursor to the X-ray outburst. There is also a hint of a gradual optical decay (years) followed by a rise lasting two months prior to the outburst. We fortuitously obtained an optical spectrum of V404 Cyg 13 hours before the BAT trigger. This too was brighter ($\sim1\rm\,mag$) than quiescence, and showed spectral lines typical of an accretion disk, with characteristic absorption features of the donor being much weaker. No He II emission was detected, which would have been expected had the X-ray flux been substantially brightening. This, combined with the presence of intense H$α$ emission, about 7 times the quiescent level, suggests that the disk entered the hot, outburst state before the X-ray outburst began. We propose that the outburst is produced by a viscous-thermal instability triggered close to the inner edge of a truncated disk. An X-ray delay of a week is consistent with the time needed to refill the inner region and hence move the inner edge of the disk inwards, allowing matter to reach the central BH, finally turning on the X-ray emission.
description: Accepted by ApJ Letter, 7 pages, 5 figures
Black hole information paradox without Hawking radiation
Creators: name: Nikolic, Hrvoje
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By entangling soft massless particles one can create an arbitrarily large amount of entanglement entropy that carries an arbitrarily small amount of energy. Dropping this entropy into the black hole (b.h.) one can increase the b.h. entropy by an amount that violates Bekenstein bound or any other reasonable bound, leading to a version of b.h. information paradox that does not involve Hawking radiation. Among many proposed solutions of the standard b.h. information paradox with Hawking radiation, only a few can also resolve this version without the Hawking radiation. The assumption that both versions should be resolved in the same way significantly helps to reduce the space of possible resolutions.
description: 11 pages, revised and improved, accepted for publication in Universe
A neural network emulator for the Lyman-$α$ 1D flux power spectrum
Creators: name: Cabayol-Garcia, Laura
name: Chaves-Montero, Jonás
name: Font-Ribera, Andreu
name: Pedersen, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lyman-$α$ forest offers a unique avenue for studying the distribution of matter in the high redshift universe and extracting precise constraints on the nature of dark matter, neutrino masses, and other $Λ$CDM extensions. However, interpreting this observable requires accurate modelling of the thermal and ionisation state of the intergalactic medium, and therefore resorting to computationally expensive hydrodynamical simulations. In this work, we build a neural network that serves as a surrogate model for rapid predictions of the one-dimensional \lya flux power spectrum ($P_{\rm 1D}$), thereby making Bayesian inference feasible for this observable. Our emulation technique is based on modelling $P_{\rm 1D}$ as a function of the slope and amplitude of the linear matter power spectrum rather than as a function of cosmological parameters. We show that our emulator achieves sub-percent precision across the full range of scales ($k_{\parallel }=0.1$ to 4Mpc$^{-1}$) and redshifts ($z=2$ to 4.5) considered, and also for three $Λ$CDM extensions not included in the training set: massive neutrinos, running of the spectral index, and curvature. Furthermore, we show that it performs at the 1% level for ionisation and thermal histories not present in the training set and performs at the percent level when emulating down to $k_{\parallel}$=8Mpc$^{-1}$. These results affirm the efficacy of our emulation strategy in providing accurate predictions even for cosmologies and reionisation histories that were not explicitly incorporated during the training phase, and we expect it to play a critical role in the cosmological analysis of the DESI survey.
description: 15 pages, 17 figures