cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Axial Anomaly Low Energy Tests and Instanton Vacuum Models
Creators: name: Di Salvo, E.
name: Musakhanov, M. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A low energy theorem concerning a matrix element of the QCD axial anomaly between vacuum and two-photons states is tested against different instanton models. In the chiral limit the theorem is fulfilled by the Diakonov&Petrov model, whereas it is violated by single-instanton approximations. Beyond the chiral limit the theorem, and two relations established for other matrix elements of the QCD axial anomaly between vacuum and meson states, result to be violated also by the Diakonov&Petrov model.
description: Talk given at the Conference on Perspectives in Hadronic Physics, 12-16 May 1997, Trieste. 10 pages, Latex
Oppiidae Grandjean 1953
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Oppiidae

description: Family: Oppiidae Grandjean, 1953   Graptoppia paraanalis Subias & Rodrigues, 1985
 Distribution in Georgia: Village Patardzeuli, N41.73694882 ˚ E45.248295118 ˚ 803 m a.s.l. Arable land, seven individuals coll. M. Murvanidze, 19 Jul. 2016.
 Global Distribution: Western Palaearctic
 Ecology: According to Weigmann (2006) this species mainly occurs in cultured soils.
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Klein-Gordon representation of acoustic waves and topological origin of surface acoustic modes
Creators: name: Bliokh, Konstantin Y.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, it was shown that surface electromagnetic waves at interfaces between continuous homogeneous media (e.g., surface plasmon-polaritons at metal-dielectric interfaces) have a topological origin [K. Y. Bliokh et al., Nat. Commun. 10, 580 (2019)]. This is explained by the nontrivial topology of the non-Hermitian photon helicity operator in the Weyl-like representation of Maxwell equations. Here we analyze another type of classical waves: longitudinal acoustic waves corresponding to spinless phonons. We show that surface acoustic waves, which appear at interfaces between media with opposite-sign densities, can be explained by similar topological features and the bulk-boundary correspondence. However, in contrast to photons, the topological properties of sound waves originate from the non-Hermitian four-momentum operator in the Klein-Gordon representation of acoustic fields.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, and Supplemental Material. To appear in Phys. Rev. Lett
Out of Equilibrium Dynamics of the Hopfield Model in its spin-glass phase
Creators: name: Montemurro, M. A.
name: Tamarit, F. A.
name: Stariolo, D. A.
name: Cannas, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we study numerically the out of equilibrium dynamics of the Hopfield model for associative memory inside its spin-glass phase. Besides its interest as a neural network model it can also be considered as a prototype of fully connected magnetic systems with randomness and frustration. By adjusting the ratio between the number of stored configurations $p$ and the total number of neurons $N$ one can control the phase-space structure, whose complexity can vary between the simple mean-field ferromagnet (when $p=1$) and that of the Sherrington-Kirkpatrick spin-glass model (for a properly taken limit of an infinite number of patterns). In particular, little attention has been devoted to the spin-glass phase of this model. In this work we analyse the two-time auto-correlation function, the decay of the magnetization and the distribution of overlaps between states. The results show that within the spin-glass phase of the model the dynamics exhibits ageing phenomena and presents features that suggest a non trivial breaking of replica symmetry.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures, minor typos corrected. To appear in Phys. Rev. E
Determining the burden of fungal infections in Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Pfavayi, Lorraine T.
name: Denning, David W.
name: Baker, Stephen
name: Sibanda, Elopy N.
name: Mutapi, Francisca
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/326/193
/692/699
article

description: Funder: OAK Foundation
description: Abstract: Zimbabwe currently faces several healthcare challenges, most notably HIV and associated infections including tuberculosis (TB), malaria and recently outbreaks of cholera, typhoid fever and COVID-19. Fungal infections, which are also a major public health threat, receive considerably less attention. Consequently, there is dearth of data regarding the burden of fungal diseases in the country. We estimated the burden of fungal diseases in Zimbabwe based on published literature and ‘at-risk’ populations (HIV/AIDS patients, survivors of pulmonary TB, cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and patients receiving critical care) using previously described methods. Where there was no data for Zimbabwe, regional, or international data was used. Our study revealed that approximately 14.9% of Zimbabweans suffer from fungal infections annually, with 80% having tinea capitis. The annual incidence of cryptococcal meningitis and Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV/AIDS were estimated at 41/100,000 and 63/100,000, respectively. The estimated prevalence of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVVC) was 2,739/100,000. The estimated burden of fungal diseases in Zimbabwe is high in comparison to other African countries, highlighting the urgent need for increased awareness and surveillance to improve diagnosis and management.
ZEUS Results on the Measurement and Phenomenology of $F_2$ at Low x and Low Q^2
Creators: name: ZEUS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the proton structure function $F_2$ for $0.6 < Q^2 < 17 {GeV}^2$ and $1.2 \times 10^{-5} < x <1.9 \times 10^{-3}$ from ZEUS 1995 shifted vertex data are presented. From ZEUS $F_2$ data the slopes $dF_2/d\ln Q^2$ at fixed $x$ and $d\ln F_2/d\ln(1/x)$ for $x < 0.01$ at fixed $Q^2$ are derived. For the latter E665 data are also used. The transition region in $Q^2$ is explored using the simplest non-perturbative models and NLO QCD. The data at very low $Q^2$ $\leq 0.65 {GeV}^2$ are described successfully by a combination of generalised vector meson dominance and Regge theory. From a NLO QCD fit to ZEUS data the gluon density in the proton is extracted in the range $3\times 10^{-5} < x < 0.7$. Data from NMC and BCDMS constrain the fit at large $x$. Assuming the NLO QCD description to be valid down to $Q^2\sim 1 {GeV}^2$, it is found that the $q\bar{q}$ sea distribution is still rising at small $x$ and the lowest $Q^2$ values whereas the gluon distribution is strongly suppressed.
description: 36 pages including 12 figures
Additional file 1: of Platelet-rich plasma improves therapeutic effects of menstrual blood-derived stromal cells in rat model of intrauterine adhesion
Creators: name: Siwen Zhang
name: Pingping Li
name: Zhengwei Yuan
name: Jichun Tan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology

description: Table S1. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction primer sequences. (DOCX 17 kb)
Stabilisation of an optical transition energy via nuclear Zeno dynamics in quantum dot-cavity systems
Creators: name: Nutz, Thomas
name: Androvitsaneas, Petros
name: Young, Andrew
name: Oulton, Ruth
name: McCutcheon, Dara P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effect of nuclear spins on the phase shift and polarisation rotation of photons scattered off a quantum dot-cavity system. We show that as the phase shift depends strongly on the resonance energy of an electronic transition in the quantum dot, it can provide a sensitive probe of the quantum state of nuclear spins that broaden this transition energy. By including the electron-nuclear spin coupling at a Hamiltonian level within an extended input-output formalism, we show how a photon scattering event acts as a nuclear spin measurement, which when rapidly applied leads to an inhibition of the nuclear spin dynamics via the quantum Zeno effect, and a corresponding stabilisation of the optical resonance. We show how such an effect manifests in the intensity autocorrelation $g^{(2)}(τ)$ of scattered photons, whose long-time bunching behaviour changes from quadratic decay for low photon scattering rates (weak laser intensities), to ever slower exponential decay for increasing laser intensities as optical measurements impede the nuclear spin evolution.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures
Carabodidae C. L. Koch 1837
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Carabodidae

description: Family: Carabodidae C. L. Koch 1837   Carabodes intermedius Willmann, 1951 * (Fig. 3)
 Distribution in Georgia: Udziro Tba N42.660225° E43.620267° 2834m a.s.l. Wet meadow, 25 individuals coll. Nino Todria. 11.07.2021; Shovi N42.705292° E43.681247° 1570 m a.s.l, forest meadow, 45 individuals coll. Nino Todria 03 Jul. 2021.
 Global distribution: Europe
 Ecology: Forest soils and litter
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 54, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Exchange Intervalley Scattering And Magnetic Phase Diagram Of Transition Metal Dichalcogenide Monolayers
Creators: name: Miserev, Dmitry
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
name: Loss, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze magnetic phases of monolayers of transition metal dichalcogenides that are two-valley materials with electron-electron interactions. The exchange inter-valley scattering makes two-valley systems less stable to the spin fluctuations but more stable to the valley fluctuations. We predict a first order ferromagnetic phase transition governed by the non-analytic and negative cubic term in the free energy that results in a large spontaneous spin magnetization. Finite spin-orbit interaction leads to the out-of-plane Ising order of the ferromagnetic phase. Our theoretical prediction is consistent with the recent experiment on electron-doped monolayers of MoS$_2$ reported by Roch $\textit{et al.}$ [1]. The proposed first order phase transition can also be tested by measuring the linear magnetic field dependence of the spin susceptibility in the paramagnetic phase which is a direct consequence of the non-analyticity of the free energy.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Additional file 1 of FunMappOne: a tool to hierarchically organize and visually navigate functional gene annotations in multiple experiments
Creators: name: Scala, Giovanni
name: Serra, Angela
name: Marwah, Veer
name: SaarimĂ¤Ki, Laura
name: Greco, Dario
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: FunMappOne user manual. User manual for the FunMappOne tool. (DOCX 1940 kb)
Implications of Charge Ordering for Single-Particle Properties of High-Tc Superconductors
Creators: name: Salkola, M. I.
name: Emery, V. J.
name: Kivelson, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The consequences of disordered charge stripes and antiphase spin domains for the properties of the high-temperature superconductors are studied. We focus on angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy and optical conductivity, and show that the many unusual features of the experimentally observed spectra can be understood naturally in this way. This interpretation of the data, when combined with evidence from neutron scattering and NMR, suggests that disordered and fluctuating stripe phases are a common feature of high-temperature superconductors.
description: 4 pages, figures by fax or mail
The 2021 Ebola virus outbreak in Guinea: Mistrust and the shortcomings of outbreak surveillance
Creators: name: Raab, Manuel
name: Roth, Emmanuelle
name: Nguyen, Vinh-Kim
name: Froeschl, Guenter
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Viewpoints
People and places
Biology and life sciences
Medicine and health sciences

description: Funder: Medizinischen Fakultät, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100009401
description: Funder: Cambridge Commonwealth, European and International Trust; funder-id: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100003343
Team NimbRo at MBZIRC 2017: Fast Landing on a Moving Target and Treasure Hunting with a Team of MAVs
Creators: name: Beul, Marius
name: Nieuwenhuisen, Matthias
name: Quenzel, Jan
name: Rosu, Radu Alexandru
name: Horn, Jannis
name: Pavlichenko, Dmytro
name: Houben, Sebastian
name: Behnke, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Mohamed Bin Zayed International Robotics Challenge (MBZIRC) 2017 has defined ambitious new benchmarks to advance the state-of-the-art in autonomous operation of ground-based and flying robots. This article covers our approaches to solve the two challenges that involved micro aerial vehicles (MAV). Challenge 1 required reliable target perception, fast trajectory planning, and stable control of an MAV in order to land on a moving vehicle. Challenge 3 demanded a team of MAVs to perform a search and transportation task, coined "Treasure Hunt", which required mission planning and multi-robot coordination as well as adaptive control to account for the additional object weight. We describe our base MAV setup and the challenge-specific extensions, cover the camera-based perception, explain control and trajectory-planning in detail, and elaborate on mission planning and team coordination. We evaluated our systems in simulation as well as with real-robot experiments during the competition in Abu Dhabi. With our system, we-as part of the larger team NimbRo-won the MBZIRC Grand Challenge and achieved a third place in both subchallenges involving flying robots.
Logical disagreement : an epistemological study
Creators: name: Andersen, Frederik J.
Publisher: name: The University of St Andrews
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Disagreement
subject: Logical disagreement
subject: Epistemology of disagreement
subject: Peer disagreement
subject: Deep disagreement
subject: Epistemology of logic
subject: BD161.A6
subject: Knowledge, Theory of
subject: Social epistemology
subject: Verbal self-defense--Philosophy
subject: Logic--Philosophy

description: While the epistemic signiﬁcance of disagreement has been a popular topic in epistemology for at least a decade, little attention has been paid to logical disagreement. This monograph is meant as a remedy. The text starts with an extensive literature review of the epistemology of (peer) disagreement and sets the stage for an epistemological study of logical disagreement. The guiding thread for the rest of the work is then three distinct readings of the ambiguous term ‘logical disagreement’. Chapters 1 and 2 focus on the Ad Hoc Reading according to which logical disagreements occur when two subjects take incompatible doxastic attitudes toward a speciﬁc proposition in or about logic. Chapter 2 presents a new counterexample to the widely discussed Uniqueness Thesis. Chapters 3 and 4 focus on the Theory Choice Reading of ‘logical disagreement’. According to this interpretation, logical disagreements occur at the level of entire logical theories rather than individual entailment-claims. Chapter 4 concerns a key question from the philosophy of logic, viz., how we have epistemic justiﬁcation for claims about logical consequence. In Chapters 5 and 6 we turn to the Akrasia Reading. On this reading, logical disagreements occur when there is a mismatch between the deductive strength of one’s background logic and the logical theory one prefers (oﬃcially). Chapter 6 introduces logical akrasia by analogy to epistemic akrasia and presents a novel dilemma. Chapter 7 revisits the epistemology of peer disagreement and argues that the epistemic signiﬁcance of central principles from the literature are at best deﬂated in the context of logical disagreement. The chapter also develops a simple formal model of deep disagreement in Default Logic, relating this to our general discussion of logical disagreement. The monograph ends in an epilogue with some reﬂections on the potential epistemic signiﬁcance of convergence in logical theorizing.
Ameronothridae Willmann 1931
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Ameronothridae

description: Family: Ameronothridae Willmann, 1931   Ameronothrus sp. *
 Distribution in Georgia: Udziro Tba N42.660225° E43.620267° 2834m a.s.l. Wet meadow, one individual coll. Nino Todria. 11 Jul. 2021.
 Ecology: Marine or freshwater littoral zones (Behan-Pelletier & Eamer 2007)
 Remark: The mite could not be identified to the species level as it was damaged, however, we included it in the species list since this is the first report of the genus Ameronothrus in Georgia. Ameronothrus oblongus Sitnikova, 1975 is reported from Caucasus, Teberda (Shtanchaeva & Subías 2010).
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 55, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Examining determinants of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Togo
Creators: name: Head, Michael
name: Brackstone, Ken
name: Akinocho, Herve
name: Atengble, Kirchuffs
name: Boateng, Laud Ampomah
name: osei, kingsley
name: Nuamah, Kwabena
name: Fantognon, Jean-Paul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: This policy brief analyses data collected in Togo shortly before vaccines were officially approved. We conducted a nationally representative telephone survey in Togo (N = 1,558) throughout December 2020, prior to COVID-19 vaccines arriving in Togo.
In our analyses, we operationalised vaccine hesitancy as respondents who answered ‘no’ and ‘I don’t know’ to the question: “When a COVID-19 vaccine becomes available to you, would you like to get vaccinated?”
Rates of vaccine hesitancy was fairly high, with 67.7% of the Togolese respondents said that they were willing to be vaccinated against COVID-19 when offered the opportunity, 25.7% said they were not, and 6.6% were undecided.
Among the 25.7% of respondents who reported unwillingness to be vaccinated, we asked further questions about their reasons for this. Within this hesitant population, reasons included believing the vaccine to be dangerous (90.6%), government mistrust (40.7%), pharmaceutical mistrust (15.6%), believing that COVID-19 is not severe enough (7.8%), and other reasons such as not having enough information about the vaccine (25.5%).
We hope that our findings provide useful insight into the socioeconomic and psychological factors associated with COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Togo.
Transition Metal Dissolution and Degradation in NMC811-Graphite Electrochemical Cells
Creators: name: Ruff, Zachary
name: Xu, Chao
name: Grey, Clare P.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Batteries and Energy Storage

description: Nickel-rich lithium nickel-manganese-cobalt oxide cathodes, in particular Li(Ni0.8Mn0.1Co0.1)O2 (NMC811), are currently being commercialized as next generation cathode materials, due to their increased capacities compared to current materials. Unfortunately, the higher nickel content has been shown to accelerate cell degradation and a better understanding is needed to maximize cell lifetimes. NMC811/graphite cells were tested under stressed conditions (elevated temperature and cell voltages) to accelerate degradation focusing on transition metal (TM) dissolution from the cathode. Increasing the cell temperature, upper cut-off voltage (UCV) and number of cycles all accelerated capacity fade and diffraction studies showed that under stressed conditions, additional degradation mechanisms beyond lithium loss to the SEI are present. Significant TM dissolution and subsequent deposition on the graphite anode is seen, particularly at stressed conditions. The concentration of TMs in the electrolyte remained invariant with cycling conditions, presumably reflecting the limited solubility of these ions and emphasizing the role that TM deposition on the anode plays in continuing to drive dissolution. Significant deposits of metals from the cell casings and current collectors were also detected at all cycling conditions, indicating that corrosion and metal leaching can be as important as TM dissolution from the active material in some cell formats.
Metal-insulator transition in three dimensional Anderson model: universal scaling of higher Lyapunov exponents
Creators: name: Markos, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical studies of the Anderson transition are based on the finite-size scaling analysis of the smallest positive Lyapunov exponent. We prove numerically that the same scaling holds also for higher Lyapunov exponents. This scaling supports the hypothesis of the one-parameter scaling of the conductance distribution. From the collected numerical data for quasi one dimensional systems up to the system size 24 x 24 x infinity we found the critical disorder 16.50 < Wc < 16.53 and the critical exponent 1.50 < ν< 1.54. Finite-size effects and the role of irrelevant scaling parameters are discussed.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Neutralino Annihilation into Two Photons
Creators: name: Bern, Z.
name: Gondolo, P.
name: Perelstein, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the annihilation cross-section of two neutralinos at rest into two photons, which is of importance for the indirect detection of neutralino dark matter in the galactic halo through a quasi-monochromatic gamma-ray line. We include all diagrams to one-loop level in the minimal supersymmetric extension of the standard model. We use the helicity formalism, the background-field gauge, and an efficient loop-integral reduction method. We confirm the result recently obtained by Bergstrom and Ullio in a different gauge, which disagrees with other published calculations.
description: Latex, 12 pages
Incremental Principal Component Analysis Exact implementation and continuity corrections
Creators: name: Lippi, Vittorio
name: Ceccarelli, Giacomo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: S2H25

description: This paper describes some applications of an incremental implementation of the principal component analysis (PCA). The algorithm updates the transformation coefficients matrix on-line for each new sample, without the need to keep all the samples in memory. The algorithm is formally equivalent to the usual batch version, in the sense that given a sample set the transformation coefficients at the end of the process are the same. The implications of applying the PCA in real time are discussed with the help of data analysis examples. In particular we focus on the problem of the continuity of the PCs during an on-line analysis.
description: accepted at http://www.icinco.org/
Approximate Bayesian Computation of radiocarbon and paleoenvironmental record shows population resilience on Rapa Nui (Easter Island)
Creators: name: DiNapoli, Robert J.
name: Crema, Enrico R.
name: Lipo, Carl P.
name: Rieth, Timothy M.
name: Hunt, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/158/2462
/704/844
/706/689/19/27
/141
/139
article

description: Abstract: Examining how past human populations responded to environmental and climatic changes is a central focus of the historical sciences. The use of summed probability distributions (SPD) of radiocarbon dates as a proxy for estimating relative population sizes provides a widely applicable method in this research area. Paleodemographic reconstructions and modeling with SPDs, however, are stymied by a lack of accepted methods for model fitting, tools for assessing the demographic impact of environmental or climatic variables, and a means for formal multi-model comparison. These deficiencies severely limit our ability to reliably resolve crucial questions of past human-environment interactions. We propose a solution using Approximate Bayesian Computation (ABC) to fit complex demographic models to observed SPDs. Using a case study from Rapa Nui (Easter Island), a location that has long been the focus of debate regarding the impact of environmental and climatic changes on its human population, we find that past populations were resilient to environmental and climatic challenges. Our findings support a growing body of evidence showing stable and sustainable communities on the island. The ABC framework offers a novel approach for exploring regions and time periods where questions of climate-induced demographic and cultural change remain unresolved.
Scutoverticidae Grandjean 1954
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Scutoverticidae

description: Family: Scutoverticidae Grandjean, 1954   Lamellovertex caelatus (Berlese, 1895) * (Fig. 4)
 Distribution in Georgia: Tsavkisi. Soil from natural meadow. N 41.68618 ˚ E 44.746342 ˚ 903 m a.s.l. Two individuals collected by M. Murvanidze, 12 Jun.2021.
 Global distribution: Palaearctic
 Ecology: Dry soils
 Remark: Previous records of L. caelatus in Caucasus are known from Novorosyisk and Northern Osetia (Shtanchaeva & Subías 2010). Georgian findings confirm the preference of this species to dry soils and mosses (Ayyldiz et al. 2005; Bernini 1976; Krisper et al 2002; Weigmann 2006), while Shtanchaeva and Netuzhilin (2003) refer to previous findings in soil litter.
 Hypovertex saxicola Sitnikova, 1975 *
 Distribution in Georgia: Tsavkisi. Soil from natural meadow. N41.686816 ˚ E44.736348 ˚ 1095m a.s.l. One individual collected by M. Murvanidze, 14 Aug. 2022.
 Global distribution: Southern Palaearctic
 Ecology: Dry montane soils
 Remark: New record for Georgia. Previous finding in Caucasus refers to the original species description by Sitnikova (1975) in Northern Osetia which was included in the identification key of palaearctic oribatid mites by Ghilarov & Krivolutsky (1975). Later, the author provided a more detailed description of the species and specified the sampling location of the type species—soil under Juniper shrubs close to Gizeldon River at 1400 m a.s.l. (Sitnikova 1980).
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 56, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Kinetic induced phase transition
Creators: name: Trimper, Steffen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An Ising model with local Glauber dynamics is studied under the influence of additional kinetic restrictions for the spin-flip rates depending on the orientation of neighboring spins. Even when the static interaction between the spins is completely eliminated and only an external field is taken into account the system offers a phase transition at a finite value of the applied field. The transition is realized due to a competition between the activation processes driven by the field and the dynamical rules for the spin-flips. The result is based on a master equation approach in a quantum formulation.
description: 13 pages
Behavioural responses to Covid-19 health certification: a rapid review
Creators: name: Drury, John
name: Mao, Guanlan
name: John, Ann
name: Kamal, Atiya
name: Rubin, G. James
name: Stott, Clifford
name: Vandrevala, Tushna
name: Marteau, Theresa M.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Research
Covid-19
SARS-CoV-2
Covid-status certification
Health certification
Vaccine passport
Mandatory vaccination
Vaccination certificate
Immunity certificate
Immunity passport
Health passport

description: Abstract: Background: Covid-status certification – certificates for those who test negative for the SARS-CoV-2 virus, test positive for antibodies, or who have been vaccinated against SARS-CoV-2 – has been proposed to enable safer access to a range of activities. Realising these benefits will depend in part upon the behavioural and social impacts of certification. The aim of this rapid review was to describe public attitudes towards certification, and its possible impact on uptake of testing and vaccination, protective behaviours, and crime. Method: A search was undertaken in peer-reviewed databases, pre-print databases, and the grey literature, from 2000 to December 2020. Studies were included if they measured attitudes towards or behavioural consequences of health certificates based on one of three indices of Covid-19 status: test-negative result for current infectiousness, test-positive for antibodies conferring natural immunity, or vaccination(s) conferring immunity. Results: Thirty-three papers met the inclusion criteria, only three of which were rated as low risk of bias. Public attitudes were generally favourable towards the use of immunity certificates for international travel, but unfavourable towards their use for access to work and other activities. A significant minority was strongly opposed to the use of certificates of immunity for any purpose. The limited evidence suggested that intention to get vaccinated varied with the activity enabled by certification or vaccination (e.g., international travel). Where vaccination is seen as compulsory this could lead to unwillingness to accept a subsequent vaccination. There was some evidence that restricting access to settings and activities to those with antibody test certificates may lead to deliberate exposure to infection in a minority. Behaviours that reduce transmission may decrease upon health certificates based on any of the three indices of Covid-19 status, including physical distancing and handwashing. Conclusions: The limited evidence suggests that health certification in relation to COVID-19 – outside of the context of international travel – has the potential for harm as well as benefit. Realising the benefits while minimising the harms will require real-time evaluations allowing modifications to maximise the potential contribution of certification to enable safer access to a range of activities.
Effects of multiple scattering on angle-independent structural color in disordered colloidal materials
Creators: name: Hwang, Victoria
name: Stephenson, Anna B.
name: Magkiriadou, Sofia
name: Park, Jin-Gyu
name: Manoharan, Vinothan N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Disordered packings of colloidal spheres show angle-independent structural color when the particles are on the scale of the wavelength of visible light. Previous work has shown that the positions of the peaks in the reflectance spectra can be predicted accurately from a single-scattering model that accounts for the effective refractive index of the material. This agreement shows that the main color peak arises from short-range correlations between particles. However, the single-scattering model does not quantitatively reproduce the observed color: the main peak in the reflectance spectrum is much broader and the reflectance at low wavelengths is much larger than predicted by the model. We use a combination of experiment and theory to understand these features. We find that one significant contribution to the breadth of the main peak is light that is scattered, totally internally reflected from the boundary of the sample, and then scattered again. The high reflectance at low wavelengths also results from multiple scattering but can be traced to the increase in the scattering cross-section of individual particles with decreasing wavelength. Both of these effects tend to reduce the saturation of the structural color, which limits the use of these materials in applications. We show that while the single-scattering model cannot reproduce the observed saturations, it can be used to design materials in which multiple scattering is suppressed and the color saturated, even in the absence of absorbing components.
Combining organic livestock and bioenergy production
Creators: name: Smith, Jo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: AGFORWARD
short rotation coppice
organic
bioenergy

description: Agricultural land is subject to many competing demands: for increased food production to meet the needs of a growing
world population; for bioenergy production from biomass crops such as short rotation coppice (SRC) to meet renewable energy targets; and the demand for agricultural land to protect the environment including soil, water and air quality, reducing climate change, and supporting biodiversity. This AGFORWARD technical note describes an innovative agroforestry system in the UK that combines energy production from SRC with livestock production.
Cluster analysis of homicide rates in the Brazilian state of Goias from 2002 to 2014
Creators: name: Sousa, Samuel Bruno da Silva
name: Del-Fiaco, Ronaldo de Castro
name: Berton, Lilian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Homicide mortality is a worldwide concern and has occupied the agenda of researchers and public managers. In Brazil, homicide is the third leading cause of death in the general population and the first in the 15-39 age group. In South America, Brazil has the third highest homicide mortality, behind Venezuela and Colombia. To measure the impacts of violence it is important to assess health systems and criminal justice, as well as other areas. In this paper, we analyze the spatial distribution of homicide mortality in the state of Goias, Center-West of Brazil, since the homicide rate increased from 24.5 per 100,000 in 2002 to 42.6 per 100,000 in 2014 in this location. Moreover, this state had the fifth position of homicides in Brazil in 2014. We considered socio-demographic variables for the state, performed analysis about correlation and employed three clustering algorithms: K-means, Density-based and Hierarchical. The results indicate the homicide rates are higher in cities neighbors of large urban centers, although these cities have the best socioeconomic indicators.
Phenopelopidae Petrunkevich 1955
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Phenopelopidae

description: Family: Phenopelopidae Petrunkevich, 1955   Eupelops hirtus (Berlese, 1916)
 Distribution in Georgia: Javakheti plateau. N41.294489 ˚ E43.538343 ˚ 2293m a.s.l. two individuals, coll. L. Mumladze, 16 Sep. 2018 (Murvanidze et al. 2019).
 Global distribution: Holarctic
 Ecology: Acidic forest soils
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on pages 56-57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
title: If You Build It, Will It Collapse? Roadblocks to Building a Regional Repository Community
Creators: name: Jerome, Erin
name: Palmer, Lisa A.
name: Reznik-Zellen, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Professional/staff development Scholarly Communication Technology and Tools
subject: institutional repositories
subject: user groups
subject: community building
subject: New England
subject: Library and Information Science

description: Background: In July 2017 the authors organized a regional user group meeting for librarians who use or were considering Digital Commons, the popular hosted institutional repository platform from bepress. It had been many years since this group had been brought together. Bepress sponsored the meeting and sent a product consultant to participate. The organizers hoped to make this an annual event, and also broaden the scope to all repository platforms. By all accounts, the well-attended New England Digital Commons User Group Meeting was a success and evaluations were positive. Just five days later, however, bepress announced that the company had been purchased by Elsevier [1], shocking Digital Commons customers and the worldwide community of scholarly communication librarians and open access advocates. In the wake of this game-changing development, the positive energy generated from the meeting abruptly evaporated, to be replaced by feelings of outrage, disappointment, loss of control, and paralysis. Objective: The objective of this poster is to foster meaningful dialogue about community building in an academic landscape where the ground is shifting rapidly. Questions for attendees: Were you affected by the by the Elsevier acquisition of bepress? How can librarians in the New England region support each other in their respective efforts to manage institutional repositories? What is a good next step for the user group organizers to move forward and build this community? How can community members from larger institutions support those in smaller institutions? Can anything be learned from community building in other areas of librarianship? How could/should this community help support the implementation/use of more open source repository platforms? How do/should/could nation-wide initiatives such as 2.5% Commitment influence regional/institutional efforts in the institutional repository space? [1] https://scholarlykitchen.sspnet.org/2017/08/02/elsevier-acquires-bepress/
description: In the wake of the Elsevier acquisition of bepress, regional Digital Commons users in the New England region try to build and sustain the community they began to reestablish in the summer of 2017.
Lesions of abdominal connectives reveal a conserved organization of the calling song central pattern generator (CPG) network in different cricket species
Creators: name: Lin, Chu-Cheng
name: Hedwig, Berthold
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Original Paper
Abdominal ganglia
Lesions
Central pattern generation
Calling song
Cricket

description: Abstract: Although crickets move their front wings for sound production, the abdominal ganglia house the network of the singing central pattern generator. We compared the effects of specific lesions to the connectives of the abdominal ganglion chain on calling song activity in four different species of crickets, generating very different pulse patterns in their calling songs. In all species, singing activity was abolished after the connectives between the metathoracic ganglion complex and the first abdominal ganglion A3 were severed. The song structure was lost and males generated only single sound pulses when connectives between A3 and A4 were cut. Severing connectives between A4 and A5 had no effect in the trilling species, it led to an extension of chirps in a chirping species and to a loss of the phrase structure in two Teleogryllus species. Cutting the connectives between A5 and A6 caused no or minor changes in singing activity. In spite of the species-specific pulse patterns of calling songs, our data indicate a conserved organisation of the calling song motor pattern generating network. The generation of pulses is controlled by ganglia A3 and A4 while A4 and A5 provide the timing information for the chirp and/or phrase structure of the song.
Barriers and solutions to improving nutrition among fire academy recruits: a qualitative assessment
Creators: name: Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes
name: Jin, Qi
name: Rainey, David
name: Coyle, Maria
name: Kales, Stefanos N.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The primary health concerns among US firefighters are cardiovascular disease, cancer, and depression and occur in an occupational setting where dietary habits are suboptimal. To understand if a diet or lifestyle modification works in a fire academy training setting, it is important to evaluate the cultural barriers and challenges that might be faced. A semi-structured telephone interview method followed by a focus group was used to gather common themes among fire service leaders. Twelve leaders participated in the telephonic interviews and a subset of five in the subsequent group session. Five main themes were identified. The study identified a need for staff and recruits to develop a cohesive culture that facilitates long-term change. Participants reported that incentives for good choices and the elimination of certain poor choices from the food environment would promote healthier choices. The study supports an intervention using education of fire recruits and modifications of the fire academy food environment.
Milky Way tomography with the SkyMapper Southern Survey: I: Atmospheric parameters and distances of one million red giants
Creators: name: Huang, Y.
name: Chen, B. -Q.
name: Yuan, H. -B.
name: Zhang, H. -W.
name: Xiang, M. -X.
name: Wang, C.
name: Wang, H. -F.
name: Wolf, C.
name: Liu, G. -C.
name: Liu, X. -W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accurate determinations of atmospheric parameters (effective temperature $T_{\rm eff}$, surface gravity log $g$ and metallicity [Fe/H]) and distances for large complete samples are of vital importance for various Galactic studies. We have developed a photometric method to select red giant stars and estimate their atmospheric parameters from the photometric colors provided by the SkyMapper Southern Survey (SMSS) data release (DR) 1.1, using stars in common with the LAMOST Galactic spectroscopic surveys as a training set. Distances are estimated with two different approaches: one based on the Gaia DR2 parallaxes for nearby ($d \leq 4.5$ kpc) bright stars and another based on the absolute magnitudes predicted by intrinsic color $(g-i)_0$ and photometric metallicity [Fe/H] for distant ($d > 4.5$ kpc) faint stars. Various tests show that our method is capable of delivering atmospheric parameters with a precision of $\sim$80 K for $T_{\rm eff}$, $\sim$0.18 dex for [Fe/H] and $\sim$0.35 dex for log $g$, but with a significant systematic error at log $g \sim$ 2.3. For distances delivered from $(g-i)_0$ and photometric [Fe/H], our test with the member stars of globular clusters show a median uncertainty of 16 per cent with a negligible zero-point offset. Using this method, atmospheric parameters and distances of nearly one million red giant stars are derived from SMSS DR1.1. Proper motion measurements from Gaia DR2 are available for almost all of the red giant stars, and radial velocity measurements from several large spectroscopic surveys are available for 44 per cent of these. This sample will be accessible online at https://yanghuang0.wixsite.com/yangh/research .
description: Accepted for ApJS, 19 pages, 20 figures, 7 tables; the full catalog now is accessible online at https://yanghuang0.wixsite.com/yangh/research
Haplozetidae Grandjean 1936
Creators: name: Murvanidze, Maka
name: Todria, Nino
name: Maraun, Mark
name: Mumladze, Levan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Haplozetidae

description: Family: Haplozetidae Grandjean, 1936   Podoribates longipes (Berlese, 1887) *
 Distribution in Georgia: Surami Pass. Mixed forest with artificial pine plantations. Soil. N42.025949 ˚ E43.499230 ˚ 947 m. a.s.l. One individual, coll. L. Mumladze 29 Aug. 2016.
 Global distribution: Holarctic
 Ecology: Broadleaved forest soils
description: Published as part of Murvanidze, Maka, Todria, Nino, Maraun, Mark & Mumladze, Levan, 2023, Annotated checklist of Georgian oribatid mites-II, pp. 50-62 in Zootaxa 5227 (1) on page 57, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5227.1.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7518216
Microwave assisted cross-coupling reactions using palladium nanoparticles in aqueous media
Creators: name: Dhara, Kalyan
name: Bibudha Parasar
name: Patil, Avinash J.
name: Jyotirmayee Dash
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Glucose stabilized palladium nanoparticles (PdNPs) have been prepared and the application of NPs in catalyzing both Suzuki and Heck reactions has been explored in aqueous media under microwave conditions. Both electron-rich and electron-deficient aryl halides can be coupled with a variety of boronic acids and styrene to access a wide variety of biaryl compounds and substituted alkenes in good to excellent yields. The catalyst can be recycled and reused four times with minimally affecting the morphology and efficiency of the nanoparticles. A plausible reaction mechanism has been proposed.