Peltidocylapus : Carvalho & Fontes 1968
Creators: name: Wolski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Miridae
Peltidocylapus

description: Peltidocylapus Carvalho
Peltidocylapus Poppius, 1909: 11 (new genus). Type species: Peltidocylapus rugosus (Distant, 1883) (designated by Carvalho 1957).
Peltidocylapus: Carvalho & Fontes 1968: 274 (diagnosis), 275; Schuh 1995: 32 (catalog), 2002–2013 (catalog online); Gorczyca 2000: 48 (list), 2006a: 17 (catalog); Wolski 2017 (406) (key to genera of worldwide Cylapini).
Cylapus (Peltidocylapus): Bergroth 1920: 71 (list); Carvalho, 1957: 31 (catalog).
Diagnosis. Recognized by the following set of features: pronotum covered with fine, short, recumbent and/or semirecumbent setae (Figs 7d, e, 11g, m, n); ostiolar peritreme broad and moderately raised above evaporative areas (Figs 10d, 11i); scutellum usually with broad, longitudinal, more or less developed swelling medially (Figs 4 a–d, 6, 7d, 11g, m); mesepimeron impunctate (Figs 10d, 11i); left paramere C-shaped, apical process usually with more or less developed outgrowth dorso-basally (Figs 12m, n, s, t, 13d, e, j, k, p, q, 14c, d, i, j); right paramere sickle–shaped (12o, u, 13f, l, r, 14e, k, q, u); endosoma usually without sclerites, only with sclerotized lobe (Figs 12j–l, p–r, 13a–c, g–i, m–o, 14a, b, f, g, l–n), rarely endosoma furnished with sclerites (Fig. 14r); distal sclerotized part of ductus seminis usually strongly enlarged, caliciform, with dorsal portion weakly sclerotized, transparent (Figs 12j, k, p, q, 13a, g, m, 14a, f, l), rarely endosoma with small distal portion of ductus seminis (Fig. 14r); bursa copulatrix ovoid (Figs 18a–c, 19a, b, d, e); sclerotized rings paired, well-developed, occupying most of bursa copulatrix, usually kidneyshaped (Figs 18b, c, 19a, b, d); lateral oviducts thick (Figs 18a, c, 19a, d); vermiform gland originating from area situated weakly below lateral oviducts (Figs 18a, c, 19a, e); ventral labiate with broad, well-developed sclerotization (Figs 18d, 19c); posterior wall of bursa copulatrix membranous (Fig. 19f).
Redescription. Female. COLORATION. Dorsum usually uniformly dark brown to black (Figs 4–6). TEXTURE AND VESTITURE. Dorsum deeply and densely punctate (Figs 4–6, 11g, m). Head. Matte; covered with short, sparse, semi -recumbent setae; antennal segment I covered with several semi -recumbent setae; segment II from shiny and glabrous to matte and covered with short, relatively dense, semi recumbent setae; segments III and IV covered with semi recumbent, short, moderately dense setae. Thorax. Pronotum. Covered with relatively dense, short, recumbent setae; calli usually impunctate, rarely weakly punctate; posterior lobe densely punctate (Figs 4–6, 11 gm m). Scutellum. Covered with short, sparse recumbent setae or with long, semi-recumbent or erect setae (Figs 11h, l). Thoracic pleura. Covered with fine, sparse to dense setae; proepisternum impunctate, shiny; proepimeron punctate; remaining pleura smooth to rugose (Figs 10d, 11i). Hemelytron. Punctate, covered with fine, sparse to dense setae (Figs 4–6, 11g, m). Abdomen. Covered with short, semi-recumbent setae. STRUCTURE. Macropterous; body usually elongate, rarely elongate oval (Figs 4–6). Head. Vertex not carinate posteriorly (Figs 11g, m), medial, longitudinal sulcus strongly developed, vertex V-shaped in anterior view; eyes strongly pedunculate; clypeus moderately convex, its base distinctly removed from ventral margin of eye; antennal fossa strongly removed from suture between maxillary and mandibular plates (Figs 8c–h, 9a, g); antenna longer than body length, thread-like; antennal segment I weakly broadened toward apex; antennal segment II mostly cylindrical, weakly and narrowly broadened basally, weakly broadened toward apex; segments III and IV filiform (Figs 4–6, 7d, e); labium thick, reaching abdominal segments II or III (Fig. 7d, 11n). Thorax. Pronotum. Collar relatively narrow, depressed, separated by shallow sulcus; calli distinct, moderately convex, divided by distinct, longitudinal sulcus; posterior lobe flat or with more less distinct swelling medially; lateral margin not carinate (Figs 4– 6, 11n). Mesoscutum and scutellum. Mesoscutum weakly convex; scutellum with distinct, longitudinal swelling medially (Figs 4–6, 7d, 11g, m). Thoracic pleura. Mesepimeral spiracle with weakly developed evaporative bodies; metepisternum with broad evaporative bodies occupying ventral portion of segment; ostiolar peritreme placed medially on metepisternum, moderately raised above surface of evaporative areas, oval, blunt; metepisternum with distinct posterior carina (Figs 10d, 11i). Legs. Long, metafemur longest (Figs 4c, 5a, d, 6a 7d); tarsus with tarsomere II and III tarsomeres combined twice as long as tarsomere I (Figs 10j, 11o). Abdomen. Genitalia. Bursa copulatrix ovoid (Figs 18a–c, 19a, b, d, e); sclerotized rings paired, well-developed, occupying most of bursa copulatrix, kidney-shaped (Figs 18b, c, 19a, b, d); lateral oviducts thick (Figs 18a, c, 19a, d); vermiform gland originating from area situated weakly below lateral oviducts (Figs 18a, c, 19a, e); ventral labiate with broad, well-developed sclerotization (Figs 18d, 19c); posterior wall of bursa copulatrix membranous (Fig. 19f).
Male. Like female in coloration, structure, texture, and vestiture. Genitalia. Theca well sclerotized; endosoma usually with ductus seminis short and thick, distal, sclerotized portion of ductus seminis strongly developed, caliciform, dorsal portion weakly sclerotized, transparent (Figs 12j–l, p–r, 13a, g, m, 14a, f, l), rarely ductus seminis moderately thickened and relatively long, distal, sclerotized portion of ductus seminis relatively small (Fig. 14r); endosoma membranous, usually without sclerotized appendages (Figs 12p, 13a, 14a, b, f, g), sometimes with sclerotized, serrate lobe apically (12j, l, 13g, h, m, n, 14l–n), rarely endosoma with long sclerotized appendages (Figs 14r); left paramere C-shaped, apical process usually with baso-dorsal, more or less developed outgrowth (12m, n, s, t, 13d, e, j, k, p, q, 14c, d, i, j); right paramere sickle-shaped (Figs 12o, u, 13f, l, r, 14e, k, q, u).
Remarks. Peltidocylapus as here defined is most like Valdasus Stal in sharing the character of the metathoracic ostiolar peritreme characteristic of being oval, relatively broad, and moderately raised above the evaporative areas. In Amapacylapus and Cylapus, the ostiolar peritreme is strongly raised above evaporative area and is either narrow and ear-like (Amapacylapus) or arcuate and sharply pointed (Cylapus) (Wolski 2017; Wolski et al. 2020). Peltidocylapus can be easily distinguished from Valdasus by the pronotum being covered with short, recumbent or semi-recumbent setae (erect and long in Valdasus) and the impunctate mesepimeron (rugo-punctate or punctate in Valdasus). Both the equally weighted and the implied weight analyses presented in this paper recovered a grouping composed of taxa belonging to Peltidocylapus and Valdasus, and the IW analysis showed a sister group relationship of both genera (Fig. 2). In contrast, the EW analysis recovered a polyphyletic Peltidocylapus and an unresolved position of Valdasus (Fig. 1), which casts doubt on the taxonomic arrangement presented in the present paper. In this scenario Peltidocylapus spinosus sp. nov. receives an uncertain position within the clade Peltidocylapus + Valdasus. This is the only analyzed Peltidocylapus species having the endosoma with the sclerites (Fig. 14r). Remaining taxa included in the analysis possess an endosoma without sclerites (Figs 12j, 13a) and this character was shown to unite these species in the EW analysis (Fig. 2). Unfortunately, I was not able to study the female and male genitalia of P. cerbereus, P. festinabundus, P. nubilus, P. picatus or P. politus, and therefore they were not included in the analysis. Future exploration of the genitalic structures of these taxa will give more complete data and allow for better understanding of the relationships within Peltidocylapus and providing a more stable classification of the genus.
Key to species of Peltidocylapus
1. Scutellum yellow (Fig. 5e)................................................ Peltidocylapus politus (Poppius, 1909)
- Scutellum brown to black (Figs 4, 5a–d, 6)................................................................. 2
2. Total length greater than 5.0 mm......................................................................... 3
- Body smaller than 5.0 mm............................................................................. 11
3. Pronotum with broad, yellow tinged stripe on each lateral margin (Fig. 4e); hemelytron dark brown with yellow stripes on clavus and corium (Fig. 4e)......................................... Peltidocylapus festinabundus (Bergroth, 1922)
- Pronotum uniformly black (Figs 4a, b, d, 5c, 6); hemelytron dark brown, with large black areas (Figs 4a, b, d, 5c, 6)...... 4
4. Posterior lobe of pronotum flat (Fig. 6d); endosoma with four strongly developed sclerites (Fig. 14r).............................................................................................. Peltidocylapus spinosus sp. nov.
- Posterior lobe of pronotum with longitudinal swelling medially (Figs 4a, b, d, 5c, 6a–c, 11g, m); endosoma without any sclerites (Figs 12j, l, p, r, 13a–c, g–i, m–o, 14a, b, f, g, l–n), or sometimes with sclerotized lobe apically (Figs 12l, 13g –h, 14l)...... 5
5. Antennal segment II with relatively broad, apical, white annulation that is as wide as half of interocular distance (Figs 6a, b); clavus with short, longitudinal yellow whitish patch subapically (Figs 6a, b); lateral outgrowth on basal portion of left paramere apical process short in dorsal view (Figs 14c, d, i, j); distal part of ductus seminis short, occupying not more than one-third of endosoma (Figs 14a, b, f–h), its ventro-apical margin with medial incision (Figs 14b, h)............................. 6
- Antennal segment II with narrow white annulation on apex, much narrower than half of interocular distance (Figs 4a, b, d, 5c, 6c, 7d); clavus without yellow patch (Figs 4a, b, d, 5c, 6c); distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma more or less caliciform, long, occupying half of endosoma length, its ventro-apical margin straight or weakly convex (Figs 12l, r, 13b, o, 14n). ................................................................................................... 7
6. Ventro-apical margin of ductus seminis inside endosoma with deep incision (Fig. 14b)..... Peltidocylapus rugosus (Distant)
- Ventro-apical margin of distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma with shallow incision (Fig. 14h)..................
1 Peltidocylapus tapirapensis Carvalho & Rosas, 1968 is not included in the key. See discussion under the species for further details......................................................................... Peltidocylapus scutellaris Poppius
7. Medial, convex part of scutellum with long, erect setae (as in Fig. 11l)............................................8
- Medial, convex part of scutellum practically glabrous or with short, semi-recumbent setae (as in Fig. 11h)............... 9
8. Apical process of left paramere with distinctly developed lateral outgrowth (Figs 13d, e)..................................................................................................... Peltidocylapus ecuadorensis sp. nov.
- Apical process of left paramere without any lateral outgrowth (Figs 14o, p)............... Peltidocylapus simplex sp. nov.
9. Distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma nearly rectangular and lateral margins very weakly arcuate (Figs 13m, o).............................................................................. Peltidocylapus parallelus sp. nov.
- Distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma caliciform (Figs 12j, p).......................................... 10
10. Lateral outgrowth of left paramere apical process when viewed dorsally is thin and, strongly curved (Figs 12t); right paramere with apical process relatively long, arcuate (Fig. 12u); medial portion of distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma with long sclerotization (Figs 12p, q)..................................................... Peltidocylapus caudatus sp. nov.
- Lateral process of left paramere apical process, when viewed dorsally is, thick, weakly curved, and almost straight (Fig. 12n); right paramere with apical process short, almost straight (Fig. 12o); medial portion of distal part of ductus seminis inside endosoma without any sclerotization (Fig. 12j, k).................................... Peltidocylapus calyciformis sp. nov.
11. Basal half of corium yellow (Fig. 5b)............................................ Peltidocylapus pallidus sp. nov.
- Basal half of corium black, dark brown or light castaneous (Figs 4c, 5a, d)....................................... 12
12. Corium with yellow patches, scutellum with yellow patch apically (Fig. 5d; Carvalho & Fontes 1968: fig. 1)............ 13
- Corium uniformly dark brown or light castaneous, apex of scutellum without yellow patch (Figs 4c, 5a)............... 14
13. Corium with two yellow patches medially and apically, patch on apex of scutellum broad (Fig. 5d)........................................................................................... Peltidocylapus picatus (Distant, 1893)
- Corium with a single, semilunar patch medially, patch on apex of scutellum narrow (Carvalho & Fontes 1968: fig. 1)................................................................ Peltidocylapus carmelitanus Carvalho & Fontes, 1968
14. Basolateral angle of scutellum without distinct yellow patch; antennal segment II uniformly dark brown (Fig. 5a)............................................................................... Peltidocylapus nubilus (Distant, 1893)
- Basolateral angle of scutellum with distinct yellow patch; antennal segment II with white annulation apically (Fig. 4c)......................................................................... Peltidocylapus cerbereus (Distant, 1883)
description: Published as part of Wolski, Andrzej, 2021, Revised classification of the New World Cylapini (Heteroptera: Miridae: Cylapinae): taxonomic review of the genera Cylapinus, Cylapoides and Peltidocylapus and a morphology-based phylogenetic analysis of tribe Cylapini, pp. 1-66 in Zootaxa 5074 (1) on pages 36-38, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5074.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5760387