Anastrepha protuberans Norrbom & Korytkowski, 2012, new species
Creators: name: Norrbom, Allen L.
name: Korytkowski, Cheslavo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2012
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tephritidae
Anastrepha
Anastrepha protuberans

description: Anastrepha protuberans, new species
Figs. 22, 23, 37, 38, 57, 58, 78, 92, 108, 109
Diagnosis. Anastrepha protuberans differs from most other species of Anastrepha in having the facial carina produced dorsally, slightly ventral to the level of the antenna base. In this regard it resembles A. apicata Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. cocorae Norrbom & Korytkowski, A. atrox Aldrich (to which it runs in the key of Steyskal (1977)), A. integra (Loew), A. magnicurva Norrbom & Korytkowski, and A. willei Korytkowski. It differs from the first two species in having vein M strongly curved apically, and from the other species in having the postpronotal lobe, notopleuron, and scutum mostly nonmicrotrichose. It differs further from A. integra in having vein R2+3 strongly sinuous, and the aculeus tip longer (0.45–0.49 mm long vs. 0.35 in A. integra). Additionally, the eversible membrane has one row of distinctly larger denticles, whereas in A. integra the difference in size of the rows of denticles is more gradual. Anastrepha protuberans resembles A. parallela (Wiedemann) in wing pattern and venation, but differs in the shape of the facial carina (not produced in A. parallela), paler setae, longer terminalia (oviscape 7.81–9.35 mm long, 1.91–2.02 times mesonotum length vs. 4.74–5.50 mm long, 1.13–1.24 time mesonotum length in A. parallela), fewer denticles on the eversible membrane (15–25 vs. 30–45 in A. parallela), and a longer aculeus tip (0.25–0.33 mm in A. parallela).
Description. Mostly yellow to orange. Setae red brown, occasionally dark red brown on head.
Head (Figs. 22, 23): Yellow to orange except brown ocellar tubercle. 3 frontal setae; 2 orbital setae, posterior seta well developed. Ocellar seta weak, 1.5 times as long as ocellar tubercle. Facial carina, in profile, strongly produced just ventral to level of antenna base, sometimes with pair of short, irregular grooves. Antenna not extended to ventral facial margin. Palpus in lateral view dorsally curved, evenly setulose.
Thorax: Mostly yellow to orange, with following areas white (based on Ecuador male paratype, not differentiated in other type specimens): postpronotal lobe and lateral margin of scutum bordering it; sublateral scutal vitta from transverse suture to posterior margin, including base of intra-alar seta; entire scutellum; dorsal margins of anepisternum and katepisternum; katepimeron; and most of anatergite and katatergite. Medial scutal vitta not apparent, probably absent. Subscutellum and mediotergite entirely orange. Mesonotum 4.09–4.74 mm long. Postpronotal lobe, except medial margin, notopleuron, and scutum, except postsuturally lateral to level of supra-alar seta, nonmicrotrichose; scutellum microtrichose on disc, nonmicrotrichose on sides; scutal setulae orange. Chaetotaxy typical for genus. Katepisternal seta at most half as long as anepisternal seta, but much weaker, pale orange.
Legs: Entirely yellow to orange.
Wing (Figs. 37, 38): Length 9.97–11.87 mm, width 3.63–4.21 mm, ratio 2.75–2.82. Apex of vein R1 at 0.59–0.60 wing length, aligned with or slightly distal to level of anterior end of crossvein r–m. Cell c 1.13–1.21 times as long as pterostigma; pterostigma 5.41–6.06 times as long as wide. Vein R2+3 strongly sinuous, especially in male in which distal bend is closely approximate to basal curve of distal section of vein R4+5. Crossvein r–m at 0.68–0.71 distance from bm–cu to dm–cu on vein M. Vein M strongly curved apically; cell r4+5 0.63–0.75 times as wide at apex as at level of dm–cu. Cell bcu with distal lobe moderately long, length of bcu 1.61–1.70 times as long as anterior margin, lobe 0.85–0.95 times as long as vein A1+Cu2. Wing pattern mostly orange and moderate brown. C-band mostly orange, sometimes paler in cells bc and c, darker orange brown to moderate brown in pterostigma and with brown streak in cell br. C-band and S-band connected along costa by diffuse yellow area in cell r1, broadly separated along veins R2+3 and R4+5 by hyaline band extended from cell bm. Basal hyaline area in cell dm small to moderate sized. Basal half of S-band mostly orange, posterodistal margin brown, very broadly in cell cu1, without or with very weak incision in cell cu1, proximal margin narrowly brown in radial cells; distal section orange brown and moderate brown, relatively broad, at apex of vein R2+3 0.75–0.76 times width of cell r2+3, extended to or narrowly separated from apex of vein M; hyaline area proximal to apex of band extending almost to or usually to vein R2+3. V-band complete, mostly brown except most of proximal arm in cell r4+5 and narrowly bordering dm–cu and proximal margin of distal arm in cell r4+5 orange; proximal arm separated from S-band, on posterior margin extended at least two-thirds distance to vein A1+Cu2; distal arm connected to proximal arm; cell r4+5 with or without diffuse hyaline area between V-band and vein M. Between S-band and V-band cell dm entirely microtrichose (1 Venezuelan male) or usually with small nonmicrotrichose area posteriorly and cell cu1 entirely microtrichose.
Abdomen: Mostly orange, without brown markings. Setulae orange.
Male terminalia (Figs. 108, 109): Lateral surstylus relatively short, extended beyond prensisetae by 1–2 times length of prensiseta; in lateral view slightly posteriorly curved, rapidly tapering to relatively blunt apex; in posterior view broadly triangular, lateral and medial margins convex. Proctiger with ventral and lateral sclerotized areas connected but lateral areas separate dorsally. Phallus 12.6–12.9 mm long, 2.72–2.84 times as long as mesonotum.
Female terminalia: Oviscape 7.81–9.35 mm long, 1.91–2.02 times as long as mesonotum, straight in lateral view, entirely orange brown; spiracle at basal 0.19–0.21. Eversible membrane (Figs. 57, 58) with 1 row of 11–13 very large stout hooklike denticles, distinctly larger than distal row of 7 smaller denticles, and 1–2 rows of more proximal denticles, in suboval pattern. Aculeus (Fig. 78) slightly ventrally curved in lateral view, 7.66–9.35 mm long, 0.98–1.00 times as long as oviscape, in ventral view base expanded, 0.21–0.24 mm wide; shaft nearly parallel-sided, 0.12–0.13 mm wide at midlength; tip (Fig. 92) 0.45–0.49 mm long, 0.05–0.06 times aculeus length, 0.13–0.16 mm wide, 3.06–3.46 times as long as wide, elongate triangular with blunt apex, 0.08–0.09 mm wide in lateral view, 0.56–0.62 times ventral width. Spermathecae elongate ovoid.
Distribution. Anastrepha protuberans is known from Guyana, Venezuela, and eastern Ecuador (Orellana).
Biology. The host plants and other aspects of the biology of this species are unknown.
Type data. Holotype Ƥ (USNM USNMENT 00216630), GUYANA: “Br. Guiana ”, Bartica, 6–12 Apr 1901, H. S. Parish. Paratypes: GUYANA: “ BRIT. GUIANA N[orth]. W[est]. D[istrict]., Mabaruma, T. W. Whitingham, “Pres. by Imp. Inst. Ent. 1939-563.”, 1Ƥ (BMNH); Bartica, 30 Apr 1901, 13 (MCZ USNMENT 00104589); Bartica, 15 May 1901, 13 (ANSP USNMENT 00104590). ECUADOR: Orellana: Reserva Etnica Waorani, Onkone Gare Camp, 1 km S, Transect Ent., 0°39'10"S 76°26'W, transect 9, station 7, 220 m., insecticidal fogging, terra firme forest, 23 Jun 1996, T. L. Erwin et al. Project MAXUS Lot 1607, 13 (USNM USNMENT 00054605). VENEZUELA: Bolívar: Caura Valley, 13 (MCZ USNMENT 00104592) 13 (USNM USNMENT 00104591).
Etymology. This name is derived from the Latin “protubero” meaning swelling or bulge, in reference to the produced facial carina.
Comments. This species belongs to the mucronota group (Norrbom et al. 1999b).
description: Published as part of Norrbom, Allen L. & Korytkowski, Cheslavo A., 2012, New species of Anastrepha (Diptera: Tephritidae), with a key for the species of the megacantha clade, pp. 510-552 in Zootaxa 3478 on pages 521-523, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.282325