cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Down-conversion of a single photon as a probe of many-body localization
Creators: name: Mehta, Nitish
name: Kuzmin, Roman
name: Ciuti, Cristiano
name: Manucharyan, Vladimir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Decay of a particle into more particles is a ubiquitous phenomenon to interacting quantum systems, taking place in colliders, nuclear reactors, or solids. In a non-linear medium, even a single photon would decay by down-converting (splitting) into lower frequency photons with the same total energy, at a rate given by Fermi's Golden Rule. However, the energy conservation condition cannot be matched precisely if the medium is finite and only supports quantized modes. In this case, the photon's fate becomes the long-standing question of many-body localization (MBL), originally formulated as a gedanken experiment for the lifetime of a single Fermi-liquid quasiparticle confined to a quantum dot. Here we implement such an experiment using a superconducting multi-mode cavity, the non-linearity of which was tailored to strongly violate the photon number conservation. The resulting interaction attempts to convert a single photon excitation into a shower of low-energy photons, but fails due to the MBL mechanism, which manifests as a striking spectral fine structure of multi-particle resonances at the cavity's standing wave mode frequencies. Each resonance was identified as a many-body state of radiation composed of photons from a broad frequency range, and not obeying the Fermi's Golden Rule theory. Our result introduces a new platform to explore fundamentals of MBL without having to control many atoms or qubits.
Chaos assisted many-body tunnelling
Creators: name: Satpathi, Urbashi
name: Ray, Sayak
name: Vardi, Amichay
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay of chaos and tunnelling between two weakly-coupled Bose-Josephson junctions. The classical phase space of the composite system has a mixed structure including quasi-integrable self-trapping islands for particles and excitations, separated by a chaotic sea. We show that the many-body dynamical tunnelling gap between macroscopic Schrödinger cat states supported by these islands is chaos-enhanced. The many-body tunnelling rate fluctuates over several orders of magnitude with small variations of the system parameters or the particle number.
description: Includes Supplemental Material
The electromagnetic duality and the 3+1D O(6) non-linear sigma model with a level-1 Wess-Zumino-Witten term
Creators: name: Huang, Yen-Ta
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that in (3+1)-D space-time dimensions, the O(6) non-linear sigma model, with a level-1 Wess-Zumino-Witten term, exhibits the electromagnetic duality. If we name the six components of the sigma field as the Neel and valence-bond-solid (VBS) order parameters, the hedgehogs of the Neel and VBS order play the role of monopole and charge. The duality corresponds to the exchange of monopole and charge hence the exchange of the Neel and VBS order. The condensation of monopole can trigger a direct Neel $\leftrightarrow$ VBS phase transition. We conjecture that the critical point is self-dual, which is a generalization of the deconfined quantum critical point in (2+1)-D. In this theory, there exist two deconfined phases where the Neel/VBS hedgehogs are massive but cost finite energy. This leads to two fractionalized phases with particles carrying fractional spin or VBS quantum numbers and gapless gauge bosons.
Anger Proneness, Gender, and the Risk of Heart Failure
Creators: name: Stearns, Sally C.
name: Kucharska-Newton, Anna M.
name: Williams, Janice E.
name: Sueta, Carla A.
name: Mosley, Thomas H.
name: Chang, Patricia P.
name: Blecker, Saul B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Evidence concerning the association of anger-proneness with incidence of heart failure is lacking.
Relationship Between Galectin-3 Levels and Mineralocorticoid Receptor Antagonist Use in Heart Failure: Analysis From HF-ACTION
Creators: name: Whellan, David J.
name: Adams, Kirkwood F.
name: Piña, Ileana L.
name: Kraus, William E.
name: Donahue, Mark P.
name: Ahmad, Tariq
name: Fiuzat, Mona
name: Schulte, Phillip J.
name: Felker, Michael
name: O’Connor, Christopher M.
name: Neely, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Galectin-3 (Gal-3) is a marker of myocardial fibrosis, and elevated levels are associated with adverse outcomes. Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) modulate cardiac fibrosis in HF patients, and have been shown to improve long term outcomes. We examined whether treatment effects from MRA use differed by Gal-3 levels in ambulatory heart failure patients enrolled in the HF-ACTION study.
Perceval: A Software Platform for Discrete Variable Photonic Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Heurtel, Nicolas
name: Fyrillas, Andreas
name: de Gliniasty, Grégoire
name: Bihan, Raphaël Le
name: Malherbe, Sébastien
name: Pailhas, Marceau
name: Bertasi, Eric
name: Bourdoncle, Boris
name: Emeriau, Pierre-Emmanuel
name: Mezher, Rawad
name: Music, Luka
name: Belabas, Nadia
name: Valiron, Benoît
name: Senellart, Pascale
name: Mansfield, Shane
name: Senellart, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce Perceval, an open-source software platform for simulating and interfacing with discrete-variable photonic quantum computers, and describe its main features and components. Its Python front-end allows photonic circuits to be composed from basic photonic building blocks like photon sources, beam splitters, phase-shifters and detectors. A variety of computational back-ends are available and optimised for different use-cases. These use state-of-the-art simulation techniques covering both weak simulation, or sampling, and strong simulation. We give examples of Perceval in action by reproducing a variety of photonic experiments and simulating photonic implementations of a range of quantum algorithms, from Grover's and Shor's to examples of quantum machine learning. Perceval is intended to be a useful toolkit for experimentalists wishing to easily model, design, simulate, or optimise a discrete-variable photonic experiment, for theoreticians wishing to design algorithms and applications for discrete-variable photonic quantum computing platforms, and for application designers wishing to evaluate algorithms on available state-of-the-art photonic quantum computers.
description: 52 pages, supplementary code in the appendices
Hamiltonian model for coupled surface and internal waves over currents and uneven bottom
Creators: name: Fan, Lili
name: Liu, Ruonan
name: Gao, Hongjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Hamiltonian model for the propagation of internal water waves interacting with surface waves, a current and an uneven bottom is examined. Using the so-called Dirichlet-Neumann operators, the water wave system is expressed in the Hamiltonian form, and thus the motions of the internal waves and surface waves are determined by the Hamiltonian formulation. Choosing an appropriate scaling of the variables and employing the Hamiltonian perturbation theory from Hamiltonian formulation of the dynamics, we derive a KdV-type equation with variable coefficients depending on the bottom topography to describe the internal waves.
A unified framework for solving a general class of conditional and robust set-membership estimation problems
Creators: name: Cerone, Vito
name: Lasserre, Jean-Bernard
name: Piga, Dario
name: Regruto, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we present a unified framework for solving a general class of problems arising in the context of set-membership estimation/identification theory. More precisely, the paper aims at providing an original approach for the computation of optimal conditional and robust projection estimates in a nonlinear estimation setting where the operator relating the data and the parameter to be estimated is assumed to be a generic multivariate polynomial function and the uncertainties affecting the data are assumed to belong to semialgebraic sets. By noticing that the computation of both the conditional and the robust projection optimal estimators requires the solution to min-max optimization problems that share the same structure, we propose a unified two-stage approach based on semidefinite-relaxation techniques for solving such estimation problems. The key idea of the proposed procedure is to recognize that the optimal functional of the inner optimization problems can be approximated to any desired precision by a multivariate polynomial function by suitably exploiting recently proposed results in the field of parametric optimization. Two simulation examples are reported to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
description: Accpeted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control (2014)
Coarsening dynamics on $\mathbb{Z}^d$ with frozen vertices
Creators: name: Damron, Michael
name: Eckner, Sinziana M.
name: Kogan, Hana
name: Newman, Charles M.
name: Sidoravicius, Vladas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study Markov processes in which $\pm 1$-valued random variables $σ_x(t), x\in \mathbb{Z}^d$, update by taking the value of a majority of their nearest neighbors or else tossing a fair coin in case of a tie. In the presence of a random environment of frozen plus (resp., minus) vertices with density $ρ^+$ (resp., $ρ^-$), we study the prevalence of vertices that are (eventually) fixed plus or fixed minus or flippers (changing forever). Our main results are that, for $ρ^+ >0$ and $ρ^- =0$, all sites are fixed plus, while for $ρ^+ >0$ and $ρ^-$ very small (compared to $ρ^+$), the fixed minus and flippers together do not percolate. We also obtain some results for deterministic placement of frozen vertices.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Schema-Based Automata Determinization
Creators: name: Niehren, Joachim
name: Sakho, Momar
name: Serhali, Antonio Al
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an algorithm for schema-based determinization of finite automata on words and of step-wise hedge automata on nested words. The idea is to integrate schema-based cleaning directly into automata determinization. We prove the correctness of our new algorithm and show that it is alway smore efficient than standard determinization followed by schema-based cleaning. Our implementation permits to obtain a small deterministic automaton for an example of an XPath query, where standard determinization yields a huge stepwise hedge automaton for which schema-based cleaning runs out of memory.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2022, arXiv:2209.09333
Ventricular Conduction Defects and the Risk of Incident Heart Failure in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Creators: name: Loehr, Laura
name: Rautaharju, Pentti M.
name: Soliman, Elsayed Z.
name: Rosamond, Wayne
name: Zhang, Zhu-Ming
name: Prineas, Ronald J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: We evaluated the risk of incident heart failure (HF) associated with various categories of ventricular conduction defects (VCD) and examined the impact of QRS duration on the risk of HF.
On the Sum of the Non-Negative Lyapunov Exponents for Some Cocycles Related to the Anderson Model
Creators: name: Binder, Ilia
name: Goldstein, Michael
name: Voda, Mircea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 82B44 (Primary), 47B36 (Secondary), 81Q10

description: We provide an explicit lower bound for the the sum of the non-negative Lyapunov exponents for some cocycles related to the Anderson model. In particular, for the Anderson model on a strip of width $ W $ the lower bound is proportional to $ W^{-ε} $, for any $ ε>0 $. This bound is consistent with the fact that the lowest non-negative Lyapunov exponent is conjectured to have a lower bound proportional to $ W^{-1} $.
Signatures of Extra Dimensions in Black Hole Jets
Creators: name: Chanson, Alexandra
name: Rodriguez, Maria J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One of the leading mechanisms powering relativistic black hole jets is the Blandford-Znajek (BZ) process. Inspired by its success we construct energy extracting models for black holes in five space-time dimensions. Here, we find solutions to the force-free electrodynamic equations representing plasma-magnetospheres for slowly rotating Myers-Perry black holes. Both, energy and angular momentum fluxes are computed for these solutions realizing power extraction from black holes in higher dimensions. Comparisons of the main features of the five-dimensional BZ models with lower four-dimensional counterparts are discussed.
Generating Tokenizers with Flat Automata
Creators: name: de Nivelle, Hans
name: Muktubayeva, Dina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.1.1; F.4.3; B.1.4; D.3.4

description: We introduce flat automata for automatic generation of tokenizers. Flat automata are a simple representation of standard finite automata. Using the flat representation, automata can be easily constructed, combined and printed. Due to the use of border functions, flat automata are more compact than standard automata in the case where intervals of characters are attached to transitions, and the standard algorithms on automata are simpler. We give the standard algorithms for tokenizer construction with automata, namely construction using regular operations, determinization, and minimization. We prove their correctness. The algorithms work with intervals of characters, but are not more complicated than their counterparts on single characters. It is easy to generate C++ code from the final deterministic automaton. All procedures have been implemented in C++ and are publicly available. The implementation has been used in applications and in teaching.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2022, arXiv:2209.09333. An implementation of flat automata can be found on: www.compiler-tools.eu
Manipulating decision making of typical agents
Creators: name: Yukalov, V. I.
name: Sornette, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: General Finance (q-fin.GN)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We investigate how the choice of decision makers can be varied under the presence of risk and uncertainty. Our analysis is based on the approach we have previously applied to individual decision makers, which we now generalize to the case of decision makers that are members of a society. The approach employs the mathematical techniques that are common in quantum theory, justifying our naming as Quantum Decision Theory. However, we do not assume that decision makers are quantum objects. The techniques of quantum theory are needed only for defining the prospect probabilities taking into account such hidden variables as behavioral biases and other subconscious feelings. The approach describes an agent's choice as a probabilistic event occurring with a probability that is the sum of a utility factor and of an attraction factor. The attraction factor embodies subjective and unconscious dimensions in the mind of the decision maker. We show that the typical aggregate amplitude of the attraction factor is $1/4$, and it can be either positive or negative depending on the relative attraction of the competing choices. The most efficient way of varying the decision makers choice is realized by influencing the attraction factor. This can be done in two ways. One method is to arrange in a special manner the payoff weights, which induces the required changes of the values of attraction factors. We show that a slight variation of the payoff weights can invert the sign of the attraction factors and reverse the decision preferences, even when the prospect utilities remain unchanged. The second method of influencing the decision makers choice is by providing information to decision makers. The methods of influencing decision making are illustrated by several experiments, whose outcomes are compared quantitatively with the predictions of our approach.
description: Latex file, 14 pages
Enhancing Standard Cardiac Rehabilitation With Stress Management Training: BACKGROUND, METHODS, AND DESIGN FOR THE ENHANCED STUDY
Creators: name: Wang, Jenny T.
name: Babyak, Michael
name: Miller, Paula
name: Hinderliter, Alan
name: Blumenthal, James A.
name: Sherwood, Andrew
name: Watkins, Lana
name: Kraus, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Enhancing Standard Cardiac Rehabilitation with Stress Management Training in Patients with Heart Disease (ENHANCED) is a randomized clinical trial (RCT) funded by the NHLBI to evaluate the effects of stress management training (SMT) on changes in biomarkers of risk and quality of life for patients enrolled in traditional exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation (CR).
Study on the characteristics of circular DNA in lymph node metastasis and non-metastatic breast cancer
Creators: name: 盖芳芳
Publisher: name: CNGB
Year: 2023
Subjects: Raw sequence reads
Genome sequencing
Monoisolate

description: In order to explore the characteristics of extrachromosomal circular DNA in the process of breast cancer metastasis and explore its potential application value. The researchers collected primary tumor tissues and matched lymph node metastasis tissues from postoperative frozen sections of 19 breast cancer volunteers, and performed circular DNA detection on these samples with the Circle-seq method. Comparing circular DNA information between primary tumor and lymph node metastatic tissue further reveals genetic alterations driving cancer genome evolution during the metastatic cascade.
Angular Momentum Transport in Proto-Neutron Stars and the Fate of Neutron Star Merger Remnants
Creators: name: Margalit, Ben
name: Jermyn, Adam S.
name: Metzger, Brian D.
name: Roberts, Luke F.
name: Quataert, Eliot
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both the core collapse of rotating massive stars, and the coalescence of neutron star (NS) binaries, result in the formation of a hot, differentially rotating NS remnant. The timescales over which differential rotation is removed by internal angular-momentum transport processes (`viscosity') has key implications for the remnant's long-term stability and the NS equation-of-state (EOS). Guided by a non-rotating model of a cooling proto-NS, we estimate the dominant sources of viscosity using an externally imposed angular velocity profile $Ω(r)$. Although the magnetorotational instability provides the dominant source of effective viscosity at large radii, convection and/or the Spruit-Tayler dynamo dominate in the core of merger remnants where $dΩ/dr \geq 0$. Furthermore, the viscous timescale in the remnant core is sufficiently short that solid body rotation will be enforced faster than matter is accreted from rotationally-supported outer layers. Guided by these results, we develop a toy model for how the merger remnant core grows in mass and angular momentum due to accretion. We find that merger remnants with sufficiently massive and slowly rotating initial cores may collapse to black holes via envelope accretion, even when the total remnant mass is less than the usually considered threshold $\approx 1.2 M_{\rm TOV}$ for forming a stable solid-body rotating NS remnant (where $M_{\rm TOV}$ is the maximum non-rotating NS mass supported by the EOS). This qualitatively new picture of the post-merger remnant evolution and stability criterion has important implications for the expected electromagnetic counterparts from binary NS mergers and for multi-messenger constraints on the NS EOS.
description: ApJ accepted version
Islands and Light Gravitons in type IIB String Theory
Creators: name: Demulder, Saskia
name: Gnecchi, Alessandra
name: Lavdas, Ioannis
name: Lust, Dieter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the setup of an evaporating black hole in AdS$_{4}$ coupled to an external bath, embedded in type IIB string theory. We study quantum extremal islands in these backgrounds, in relation to the existence of a massive graviton. Using explicit results of the microscopic embedding of AdS$_{4}$ massive gravity in string theory, we investigate whether it is possible to achieve backgrounds with extremal islands, in which the lowest lying graviton is only slightly massive. For certain regions of the microscopic parameters, the graviton mass can be computed explicitly, and we explain how it directly affects the existence and the properties of the islands. We also show that islands can in principle exist within the regime of validity of the massive gravity effective field theory. However we see via numerical computations that the existence of quantum extremal islands at zero temperature is highly constrained, also when the dilaton is allowed to vary, so that the mass of the graviton cannot be made arbitrarily light. At finite temperature, we also identify a critical parameter, above and below which islands still exist but exhibit a different behavior. Our work supports recent proposals that the unitary evolution of black holes in higher dimensions, and more precisely their Page curve, strongly relies on the presence of a massive graviton in the effective theory.
description: Updated plots, corrected typos, 1 ancillary notebook
REFINED PARTICLE SWARM OPTIMIZATION FOR ENHANCED PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER GENERATION
Creators: name: BILAL ARIF
name: MUHAMMAD MATEEN AFZAL AWAN
name: NOUMAN ASHRAF
name: MUHAMMAD USMAN
name: MUHAMMAD AHMED
name: YAEESH AHMED
name: ABDUL WADOOD
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: MPPT; Solar; Photovoltaics; Algorithms; PSO; Modified PSO.

description: Abstract

Considering the desired goal of shifting toward renewable energy by the world due to the swear issues of fossil fuel diminution that cause spiraling energy prices, and damage to the ozone layer due to the pollution caused by conventional energy-producing technologies and fuels, we have put our efforts in providing a solution to one of the most focused problems of solar renewable energy technology. Solar is one of the most focused and currently in use technology due to the reliable and free availability of the Sun as an energy source and the single-step conversion of sunlight into electricity (the most demanded form of energy) using the photoelectric effect. But its non-linear behavior bounds to avoid maximum power production due to the load. To solve the issue conventional algorithms came in and moved the operating power point to the position where maximum power could be delivered called maximum power point (MPP). However, under partial shading conditions tracking the MPP became impossible for conventional algorithms due to the disturbed power characteristic curve. The role of soft-computing algorithms begins here to efficiently track the real MPP among multiple arisen peaks in the power characteristic curve. One of the most prominent soft-computing algorithms is particle swarm optimization (PSO). It has the capability of efficiently tracking MPP but its weaknesses include complexity in structure, huge computations, hard implementation, and huge memory requirements. To overcome one or all existing weaknesses and improve the performance of the PSO algorithm we have modified its tracking strategy and found effective results. The proposed revised PSO algorithm has been evaluated on the 3S PV system, specifically designed for the comparison of conventional and proposed PSO algorithms in MATLAB/Simulink.
Prevalence of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior Among Adults With Cardiovascular Disease in the United States
Creators: name: Rosamond, Wayne D.
name: Evenson, Kelly R.
name: Butler, Eboneé N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Physical activity (PA) is recommended for primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study described the prevalence of self-reported and accelerometer-measured PA and sedentary behavior using a nationally representative sample from the United States, a subset of whom had CVD, including angina, coronary heart disease (CHD), congestive heart failure (CHF), and myocardial infarction (MI).
Nanoscale 3D tomography by in-flight fluorescence spectroscopy of atoms sputtered by a focused ion beam
Creators: name: Budnik, Garrett
name: Scott, John
name: Jiao, Chengge
name: Maazouz, Mostafa
name: Gledhill, Galen
name: Fu, Lan
name: Tan, Hark Hoe
name: Toth, Milos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Nanoscale fabrication and characterisation techniques critically underpin a vast range of fields, including materials science, nanoelectronics and nanobiotechnology. Focused ion beam (FIB) techniques are particularly appealing due to their high spatial resolution and widespread use for processing of nanostructured materials and devices. Here, we introduce FIB-induced fluorescence spectroscopy (FIB-FS) as a nanoscale technique for spectroscopic detection of atoms sputtered by an ion beam. We use semiconductor heterostructures to demonstrate nanoscale lateral and depth resolution and show that it is limited by ion-induced intermixing of nanostructured materials. Sensitivity is demonstrated qualitatively by depth-profiling of 3.5, 5 and 8 nm quantum wells, and quantitatively by detection of trace-level impurities present at parts-per-million levels. To showcase the utility of the FIB-FS technique, we use it to characterise quantum wells and Li-ion batteries. Our work introduces FIB-FS as a high-resolution, high sensitivity, 3D analysis and tomography technique that combines the versatility of FIB nanofabrication techniques with the power of diffraction-unlimited fluorescence spectroscopy. It is applicable to all elements in the periodic table, and enables real-time analysis during direct-write nanofabrication by focused ion beams.
Analyzing Robustness of Angluin's L* Algorithm in Presence of Noise
Creators: name: Khmelnitsky, Igor
name: Haddad, Serge
name: Ye, Lina
name: Barbot, Benoît
name: Bollig, Benedikt
name: Leucker, Martin
name: Neider, Daniel
name: Roy, Rajarshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Angluin's L* algorithm learns the minimal (complete) deterministic finite automaton (DFA) of a regular language using membership and equivalence queries. Its probabilistic approximatively correct (PAC) version substitutes an equivalence query by a large enough set of random membership queries to get a high level confidence to the answer. Thus it can be applied to any kind of (also non-regular) device and may be viewed as an algorithm for synthesizing an automaton abstracting the behavior of the device based on observations. Here we are interested on how Angluin's PAC learning algorithm behaves for devices which are obtained from a DFA by introducing some noise. More precisely we study whether Angluin's algorithm reduces the noise and produces a DFA closer to the original one than the noisy device. We propose several ways to introduce the noise: (1) the noisy device inverts the classification of words w.r.t. the DFA with a small probability, (2) the noisy device modifies with a small probability the letters of the word before asking its classification w.r.t. the DFA, and (3) the noisy device combines the classification of a word w.r.t. the DFA and its classification w.r.t. a counter automaton. Our experiments were performed on several hundred DFAs. Our main contributions, bluntly stated, consist in showing that: (1) Angluin's algorithm behaves well whenever the noisy device is produced by a random process, (2) but poorly with a structured noise, and, that (3) almost surely randomness yields systems with non-recursively enumerable languages.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2022, arXiv:2209.09333
Parametric Interval Temporal Logic over Infinite Words
Creators: name: Bozzelli, Laura
name: Peron, Adriano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1, F.1.1

description: Model checking for Halpern and Shoham's interval temporal logic HS has been recently investigated in a systematic way, and it is known to be decidable under three distinct semantics. Here, we focus on the trace-based semantics, where the infinite execution paths (traces) of the given (finite) Kripke structure are the main semantic entities. In this setting, each finite infix of a trace is interpreted as an interval, and a proposition holds over an interval if and only if it holds over each component state (homogeneity assumption). In this paper, we introduce a quantitative extension of HS over traces, called parametric HS (PHS). The novel logic allows to express parametric timing constraints on the duration (length) of the intervals. We show that checking the existence of a parameter valuation for which a Kripke structure satisfies a PHS formula (model checking), or a PHS formula admits a trace as a model under the homogeneity assumption (satisfiability) is decidable. Moreover, we identify a fragment of PHS which subsumes parametric LTL and for which model checking and satisfiability are shown to be EXPSPACE-complete.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2022, arXiv:2209.09333
Dynamically Induced Topological Inflation
Creators: name: Choi, Gongjun
name: Lin, Weikang
name: Yanagida, Tsutomu T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an inflation model in which the inflationary era is driven by the strong dynamics of $Sp(2)$ gauge theory. The quark condensation in the confined phase of $Sp(2)$ gauge theory generates the inflaton potential comparable to the energy of the thermal bath at the time of phase transition. Afterwards, with super-Planckian global minimum, the inflation commences at a false vacuum region lying between true vacuum regions and hence the name "topological inflation". Featured by the huge separation between the scale of the false vacuum ($V(0)^{1/4}\sim10^{15}{\rm GeV}$) and the global minimum ($\langleϕ\rangle\sim M_{P}$), the model can be consistent with CMB observables without suffering from the initial condition problem. Crucially, this is achieved without any fine-tuning of parameters in $V(ϕ)$. In addition to $Sp(2)$, this model is based on an anomaly free $Z_{6R}$ discrete $R$ symmetry. Remarkably, while all parameters are fixed by CMB observations, the model predicts a hierarchy of energy scales including the inflation scale, SUSY-breaking scale, R-symmetry breaking scale, Higgsino mass and the right-handed neutrino mass given in terms of the dynamical scale of $Sp(2)$.
description: 4 pages
A Twin Study of Metabolic Syndrome and Autonomic Tone
Creators: name: VACCARINO, VIOLA
name: LEE, FORRESTER
name: MURRAH, NANCY
name: VELEDAR, EMIR
name: GOLDBERG, JACK
name: JONES, LINDA
name: GEHI, ANIL K.
name: ASHRAF, ALI
name: LAMPERT, RACHEL
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: One possible mechanism of higher cardiovascular mortality associated with the metabolic syndrome (MetS) may be through abnormal modulation in autonomic tone.
Functional and RNA Expression Profile of Adenosine Receptor Subtypes in Mouse Mesenteric Arteries
Creators: name: Krahn, Thomas
name: Ledent, Catherine
name: Tilley, Stephen L.
name: Fil, Daniel
name: Teng, Bunyen
name: Mustafa, S. Jamal
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: Concentration–response curves (CRCs) of adenosine receptor (AR) agonists, NECA (nonspecific), CCPA (A1 specific), CGS-216870 (A2A specific), BAY 60-6583 (A2B specific), and Cl-IB-MECA (A3 specific) for mesenteric arteries (MAs) from 4 AR knockout (KO) mice (A1, A2A, A2B, and A3) and their wild type (WT) were constructed. The messenger RNA expression of MAs from KO mice and WT were also studied. Adenosine (10−5 to 10−4 M) and NECA (10−6 to 10−5 M) induced relaxation in all mice except A2B KO mice, which only showed constriction by adenosine at 10−6 to 10−4 and NECA at 10−8 to 10−5 M. The CCPA induced a significant constriction at 10−8 and 10−7 M in all mice, except A1KO. BAY 60-6583 induced relaxation (10−7 to 10−5 M) in WT and no response in A2BKO except at 10−5 M. The CRCs for BAY 60-6583 in A1, A2A, and A3 KO mice shifted to the left when compared with WT mice, suggesting an upregulation of A2B AR. No responses were noted to CGS-21680 in all mice. Cl-IB-MECA only induced relaxation at concentration greater than 10−7 M, and no differences were found between different KO mice. The CRC for Bay 60-6583 was not significantly changed in the presence of 10−5 M of L-NAME, 10−6 M of indomethacin, or both. Our data suggest that A2B AR is the predominant AR subtype and the effect may be endothelial independent, whereas A1 AR plays a significant modulatory role in mouse MAs.
Resonant Islands of Effective-One-Body Dynamics
Creators: name: Chen, Che-Yu
name: Lin, Feng-Li
name: Patel, Avani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the chaotic signatures of the geodesic dynamics of a non-spinning test particle in the effective-one-body (EOB) formalism for the inspiral process of spinning binary black holes. We first show that the second order post-Newtonian (2PN) EOB dynamics is non-integrable by demonstrating that the EOB metric does not satisfy the criterion for the existence of Carter constant. We then employ the numerical study to find the plateaus of the rotation curve, which are associated with the existence of Birkhoff islands in the Poincaré surface of section, signifying the chaotic dynamics in the system. Our results show the signatures of chaos for the EOB dynamics, especially in the regime of interest for which the Kerr bounds of the component black holes hold. We also find that chaotic behavior is more obvious as the spin parameter $a$ of the deformed EOB background metric increases. Our results can help to uncover the implications of dynamical chaos in gravitational wave astronomy. Finally, we also present some preliminary results due to corrections at 3PN order.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Improvements and references added. Accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
Alpha-1–Adrenergic Receptors in Heart Failure: The Adaptive Arm of the Cardiac Response to Chronic Catecholamine Stimulation
Creators: name: OʼConnell, Timothy D.
name: Jensen, Brian C.
name: Simpson, Paul C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Alpha-1-adrenergic receptors are G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) activated by catecholamines. The alpha-1A and alpha-1B subtypes are expressed in mouse and human myocardium, whereas the alpha-1D protein is found only in coronary arteries. There are far fewer alpha-1-ARs than beta-ARs in the non-failing heart, but their abundance is maintained or increased in the setting of heart failure, which is characterized by pronounced chronic elevation of catecholamines and b□eta-AR dysfunction. Decades of evidence from gain- and loss-of-function studies in isolated cardiac myocytes and numerous animal models demonstrate important adaptive functions for cardiac alpha-1-ARs, to include physiological hypertrophy, positive inotropy, ischemic preconditioning, and protection from cell death. Clinical trial data indicate that blocking alpha-1-ARs is associated with incident heart failure in patients with hypertension. Collectively, these findings suggest that alpha-1-AR activation might mitigate the well-recognized toxic effects of beta-ARs in the hyperadrenergic setting of chronic heart failure. Thus, exogenous cardioselective activation of alpha-1-ARs might represent a novel and viable approach to the treatment of heart failure.
Grassmannians for scattering amplitudes in 4d $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM and 3d ABJM
Creators: name: Elvang, Henriette
name: Huang, Yu-tin
name: Keeler, Cynthia
name: Lam, Thomas
name: Olson, Timothy M.
name: Roland, Samuel B.
name: Speyer, David E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Scattering amplitudes in 4d $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills theory (SYM) can be described by Grassmannian contour integrals whose form depends on whether the external data is encoded in momentum space, twistor space, or momentum twistor space. After a pedagogical review, we present a new, streamlined proof of the equivalence of the three integral formulations. A similar strategy allows us to derive a new Grassmannian integral for 3d $\mathcal{N}=6$ ABJM theory amplitudes in momentum twistor space: it is a contour integral in an orthogonal Grassmannian with the novel property that the internal metric depends on the external data. The result can be viewed as a central step towards developing an amplituhedron formulation for ABJM amplitudes. Various properties of Grassmannian integrals are examined, including boundary properties, pole structure, and a homological interpretation of the global residue theorems for $\mathcal{N}=4$ SYM.
description: 52 pages, 5 figures
Lattice gases with a point source
Creators: name: Krapivsky, P. L.
name: Stefanovic, Darko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study diffusive lattice gases with local injection of particles, namely we assume that whenever the origin becomes empty, a new particle is immediately injected into the origin. We consider two lattice gases: a symmetric simple exclusion process and random walkers. The interplay between the injection events and the positions of the particles already present implies an effective collective interaction even for the ostensibly non-interacting random walkers. We determine the average total number of particles entering into the initially empty system. We also compute the average total number of distinct sites visited by all particles, and discuss the shape of the visited domain and the statistics of visits.
Floquet-heating-induced Bose condensation in a scar-like mode of an open driven optical-lattice system
Creators: name: Schnell, Alexander
name: Wu, Ling-Na
name: Widera, Artur
name: Eckardt, André
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Periodically driven quantum systems suffer from heating via resonant excitation. While such Floquet heating guides a generic isolated system towards the infinite-temperature state, a driven open system, coupled to a thermal bath, will approach a non-equilibrium steady state. We show that the interplay of bath-induced dissipation and controlled Floquet heating can give rise to non-equilibrium Bose condensation in a mode protected from Floquet heating. In particular, we consider a one-dimensional (1D) Bose gas in an optical lattice of finite extent, which is coupled weakly to a three-dimensional thermal bath given by a second atomic species. The bath temperature $T$ lies well above the crossover temperature, below which the majority of the system's particles form a (finite-size) Bose condensate in the ground state. However, when a strong local potential modulation is switched on, which resonantly excites the system, a non-equilibrium Bose condensate is formed in a state that decouples from the drive. Our predictions, which are based on a microscopic model that is solved using kinetic equations of motion derived from Floquet-Born-Markov theory, can be probed under realistic experimental conditions.
Controller Synthesis for Timeline-based Games
Creators: name: Acampora, Renato
name: Geatti, Luca
name: Gigante, Nicola
name: Montanari, Angelo
name: Picotti, Valentino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In the timeline-based approach to planning, originally born in the space sector, the evolution over time of a set of state variables (the timelines) is governed by a set of temporal constraints. Traditional timeline-based planning systems excel at the integration of planning with execution by handling temporal uncertainty. In order to handle general nondeterminism as well, the concept of timeline-based games has been recently introduced. It has been proved that finding whether a winning strategy exists for such games is 2EXPTIME-complete. However, a concrete approach to synthesize controllers implementing such strategies is missing. This paper fills this gap, outlining an approach to controller synthesis for timeline-based games.
description: In Proceedings GandALF 2022, arXiv:2209.09333
A variational approximation scheme for radial polyconvex elasticity that preserves the positivity of Jacobians
Creators: name: Miroshnikov, Alexey
name: Tzavaras, Athanasios E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L70, 49J45, 74B20, 74H20

description: We consider the equations describing the dynamics of radial motions for isotropic elastic materials; these form a system of non-homogeneous conservation laws. We construct a variational approximation scheme that decreases the total mechanical energy and at the same time leads to physically realizable motions that avoid interpenetration of matter.
description: 29 pages
Valley spin-acoustic resonance in MoS${\bf _2}$ monolayers
Creators: name: Sonowal, K.
name: Boev, D. V.
name: Kalameitsev, A. V.
name: Kovalev, V. M.
name: Savenko, I. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The band structure of a monolayer MoS$_2$ comprises of spin-split subbands, owing to the mutual presence of broken inversion symmetry and strong spin-orbit coupling. In the conduction band, spin-valley coupled subbands cross each other at finite momenta, and they are valley-degenerate. When exposed to surface acoustic waves, the emerging strain-induced effective magnetic field can give rise to spin-flip transitions between the spin-split subbands in the vicinity of subbands crossing point, resulting in the emergence of a spin-acoustic resonance and the acoustoelectric current. An external magnetic field breaks the valley degeneracy resulting in the valley-selective splitting of spin-acoustic resonances both in surface acoustic wave absorption and acoustoelectric current.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Effects of dipolar coupling on an entanglement storage device
Creators: name: Saha, Saptarshi
name: Bhattacharyya, Rangeet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computation requires efficient long-term storage devices to preserve quantum states. An attractive candidate for such storage devices is qubits connected to a common dissipative environment. The common environment gives rise to persistent entanglements in these qubit systems. Hence these systems act efficiently as a storage device of entanglement. However, the existence of a common environment often requires the physical proximity of the qubits and hence results in direct dipolar coupling between the qubits. In this work, we investigate the total effect of the dipolar coupling on the environment-induced entanglement using a recently-proposed fluctuation-regulated quantum master equation [A. Chakrabarti and R. Bhattacharyya, Phys. Rev. A 97, 063837 (2018)]. We show that nonsecular part of the dipolar coupling results in reduced entanglement and hence less efficiency of the storage devices. We also discuss the properties of efficient storage that mitigates the detrimental effects of the dipolar coupling on the stored entanglement.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures