cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Comparative Physicochemical Evaluation of Biofield Treated Phosphate Buffer Saline and Hanks Balanced Salt Medium
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Phosphate buffer saline (PBS) has numerous biological and pharmaceutical applications. Hank buffer salt (HBS) has been used as a medium for tissue culture applications. This research study was aimed to investigate the influence of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment on physicochemical properties of the PBS and HBS. The study was executed in two group’s i.e. control and treated. The control group was kept aside as control and treated group had received the biofield energy treatment. The control and treated samples were further characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The XRD analysis indicated the increase in crystallite size by 5.20% in treated PBS as compared to the control. Similarly, the treated HBS also showed increase in crystallite size by 3.20% with respect to the control. Additionally, the treated PBS showed an increase in Bragg’s angle (2θ) as compared to the control sample. However, a decrease in Bragg’s angle of XRD peaks of the treated sample was noticed in the treated HBS. The DSC analysis of the control PBS showed melting temperature at 224.84°C; however melting temperature was not observed in the treated sample. However, DSC analysis of the treated HBS showed an increase in melting temperature (152.83°C) in comparison with the control (150.60°C). Additionally, the latent heat of fusion of the treated HBS was increased substantially by 108.83% as compared to the control. The TGA thermogram of the treated PBS showed an increase in onset of thermal degradation (212°C) as compared to the control (199°C). Whereas, the treated HBS showed less weight loss comparing with the control sample. This indicated the increase in thermal stability of the both the treated PBS and HBS samples. The FT-IR spectroscopic analysis of treated PBS showed alterations in the frequency of the functional groups such as O-H, C-H, P=O, O=P-OH, and P-OH as compared to the control. Additionally, the FT-IR spectrum of the treated HBS showed increase in frequency of calcium chloride phase (1444→1448 cm-1) as compared to the control sample. Altogether, it was observed that biofield energy treatment had caused physical, thermal and spectral changes in the treated samples as compared to the control. It is assumed that biofield energy treated PBS and HBS could be a good prospect for biological and tissue culture applications.
Physical, Atomic and Thermal Properties of Biofield Treated Lithium Powder
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Physics

description: Lithium has gained extensive attention in medical science due to mood stabilizing activity. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on physical, atomic, and thermal properties of lithium powder. The lithium powder was divided into two parts i.e., control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treatment part received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated lithium powder samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Thermogravimetric analysis-differential thermal analysis (TGA-DTA), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). XRD data showed that lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, atomic weight, and nuclear charge per unit volume of lithium were altered after biofield treatment. The crystallite size of treated lithium was increased by 75% as compared to control. DSC analysis exhibited an increase in melting temperature of treated lithium powder upto 11.2% as compared to control. TGA-DTA analysis result showed that oxidation temperature, which found after melting point, was reduced upto 285.21°C in treated lithium as compared to control (358.96°C). Besides, SEM images of control and treated lithium samples showed the agglomerated micro particles. Moreover, FT-IR analysis data showed an alteration in absorption band (416→449 cm-1) in treated lithium sample after biofield treatment as compared to control. Overall, data suggested that biofield treatment has significantly altered the physical, atomic, and thermal properties of lithium powder.
E04039: Coptic document from Aphrodito (Upper Egypt) concerning the receipt of a rent payment for land, issued by a deacon of a church dedicated to *Kollouthos (presumably the physician and martyr of Antinoopolis, S00641); datable to the 7th/8th century.
Creators: name: Gschenke
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: KSB 1 243

In this document a deacon is acting on behalf of the legal body (dikaion) of a church dedicated to Kollouthos issuing a receipt for a rent payment received.
Lines 1–5 read as follows:

⳨ ⲡⲇⲓⲕⲁⲓⲟⲛ ⲛⲫⲁⲅⲓⲟⲥ ⲕⲟⲗⲗⲟⲩⲑⲉ ⲛⲧⲡⲩⲗⲏ ϩⲓⲧⲟⲟⲧ ⲁⲛⲟⲕ ⲅⲣⲏⲅⲟⲣⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲓⲉⲗⲁⲭ(ⲓⲥ)ⲧ(ⲟⲥ) ⲛⲇⲓⲁⲕⲟ(ⲛⲟⲥ) ⲉⲓⲥϩⲁⲓ ⲛⲯⲁϩ ⲗⲟⲩⲗⲟⲩ
ⲯⲁ ⲛⲗⲁⲭⲁⲛⲉ ϫⲉ ⲁϫⲓ

‘The legal body (dikaion) of saint Kollouthos at the gate, through me, Gregorios, the least deacon, I am writing to the master Loulou, the vegetable seller. I have received …’

(Text: M. Hasitzka, trans. G. Schenke)
Antibiogram Typing and Biochemical Characterization of Klebsiella pneumoniae after Biofield Treatment
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Biology

description: Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) is a common nosocomial pathogen causing respiratory tract (pneumoniae) and blood stream infections. Multidrug-resistant (MDR) isolates of K. pneumoniae infections are difficult to treat in patients in health care settings. Aim of the present study was to determine the impact of Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment on four MDR clinical lab isolates (LS) of K. pneumoniae (LS 2, LS 6, LS 7, and LS 14). Samples were divided into two groups i.e. control and biofield treated. Control and treated groups were analyzed for antimicrobial susceptibility pattern, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), biochemical study and biotype number using MicroScan Walk-Away® system. The analysis was done on day 10 after biofield treatment as compared with control group. Antimicrobial sensitivity assay showed that there was 46.42% alteration in sensitivity of tested antimicrobials in treated group of MDR K. pneumonia isolates. MIC results showed an alteration in 30% of tested antimicrobials out of thirty after biofield treatment in clinical isolates of K. pneumoniae. An increase in antimicrobial sensitivity and decrease in MIC value was reported (in LS 6) in case of piperacillin/tazobactam and piperacillin. Biochemical study showed a 15.15% change in biochemical reactions as compared to control. A significant change in biotype numbers were reported in all four clinical isolates of MDR K. pneumoniae after biofield treatment as compared to control group. On the basis of changed biotype number after biofield treatment, new organism was identified as Enterobacter aerogenes in LS 2 and LS 14. These results suggest that biofield treatment has a significant effect on altering the antimicrobial sensitivity, MIC values, biochemical reactions and biotype number of multidrug-resistant isolates of K. pneumoniae.
Fourier Transform Infrared and Ultraviolet-Visible Spectroscopic Characterization of Ammonium Acetate and Ammonium Chloride: Impact of Biofield Treament
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride are the white crystalline solid inorganic compounds having wide application in synthesis and analytical chemistry. The aim of present study was to evaluate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of inorganic salt like ammonium acetate and ammonium chloride. The study was performed in two groups of each compound i.e., control and treatment. Treatment groups were received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, control and treated groups were evaluated using Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. FT-IR spectrum of treated ammonium acetate showed the shifting in wavenumber of vibrational peaks with respect to control. Like, the N-H stretching was shifted from 3024-3586 cm-1 to 3033-3606 cm-1, C-H stretching from 2826-2893 cm-1 to 2817-2881 cm-1, C=O asymmetrical stretching from 1660-1702 cm-1 to 1680-1714 cm-1, N-H bending from 1533-1563 cm-1 to 1506-1556 cm-1 etc. Treated ammonium chloride showed the shifting in IR frequency of three distinct oscillation modes in NH4 ion i.e., at ν1, 3010 cm-1 to 3029 cm-1; ν2, 1724 cm-1 to 1741 cm-1; and ν3, 3156 cm-1 to 3124 cm-1. The N-Cl stretching was also shifted to downstream region i.e., from 710 cm-1 to 665 cm-1 in treated ammonium chloride. UV spectrum of treated ammonium acetate showed the absorbance maxima (λmax) at 258.0 nm that was shifted to 221.4 nm in treated sample. UV spectrum of control ammonium chloride exhibited two absorbance maxima (λmax) i.e., at 234.6 and 292.6 nm, which were shifted to 224.1 and 302.8 nm, respectively in treated sample.

Overall, FT-IR and UV data of both compounds suggest an impact of biofield treatment on atomic level i.e., at force constant, bond strength, dipole moments and electron transition energy between two orbitals of treated compounds as compared to respective control.
Potential Impact of BioField Treatment on Atomic and Physical Characteristics of Magnesium
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Magnesium (Mg), present in every cell of all living organisms, is an essential nutrient and primarily responsible for catalytic reaction of over 300 enzymes. The aim of present study was to evaluate the effect of biofield treatment on atomic and physical properties of magnesium powder. Magnesium powder was divided into two parts denoted as control and treatment. Control part was remained as untreated and treatment part received biofield treatment. Both control and treated magnesium samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), surface area and particle size analyzer. XRD data showed that biofield treatment has altered the lattice parameter, unit cell volume, density, atomic weight, and nuclear charge per unit volume of treated magnesium powder, as compared to control. In addition, the crystallite size of treated magnesium was significantly reduced up to 16.70, 16.70, and 28.59% on day 7, 41 and 63 respectively as compared to control. Besides this, the surface area of treated magnesium powder was increased by 36.5 and 10.72% on day 6 and 72 respectively, whereas it was reduced by 32.77% on day 92 as compared to control. In addition, biofield treatment has also altered the particle sizes d10, d50, and d99 (size, below which 10, 50, and 99% particles were present, respectively) as compared to control. Overall, data suggest that biofield treatment has substantially altered the atomic and physical properties of treated magnesium powder.
Biofield Treatment: A Potential Strategy for Modification of Physical and Thermal Properties of Indole
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Indole compounds are important class of therapeutic molecules, which have excellent pharmaceutical applications. The objective of present research was to investigate the influence of biofield treatment on physical and thermal properties of indole. The study was performed in two groups (control and treated). The control group remained as untreated, and biofield treatment was given to treated group. The control and treated samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. XRD study demonstrated the increase in crystalline nature of treated indole as compared to control. Additionally, the treated indole showed increase in crystallite size by 2.53% as compared to control. DSC analysis of treated indole (54.45ºC) showed no significant change in melting temperature (Tm) in comparison with control sample (54.76ºC). A significant increase in latent heat of fusion (ΔH) by 30.86% was observed in treated indole with respect to control. Derivative thermogravimetry (DTG) of treated indole showed elevation in maximum thermal decomposition temperature (Tmax) 166.49ºC as compared to control (163.37ºC). This was due to increase in thermal stability of indole after biofield treatment. FT-IR analysis of treated indole showed increase in frequency of N-H stretching vibrational peak by 6 cm-1 as compared to control sample. UV spectroscopy analysis showed no alteration in absorption wavelength (λmax) of treated indole with respect to control. The present study showed that biofield has substantially affected the physical and thermal nature of indole.
Additional file 7 of LUSTR: a new customizable tool for calling genome-wide germline and somatic short tandem repeat variants
Creators: name: Lu, Jinfeng
name: Toro, Camilo
name: Adams, David R.
name: Moreno, Cristiane Araujo Martins
name: Lee, Wan-Ping
name: Leung, Yuk Yee
name: Harms, Mathew B.
name: Vardarajan, Badri
name: Heinzen, Erin L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7: Supplementary Table 1. a Performance of LUSTR in identification of STR variants in GIAB database (Ashkenazim Trio). b Performance of LUSTR in identification of STR variants in GIAB database (Chinese Trio). Supplementary Table 2. a Evaluation of candidate STR expansions by LUSTR unbiased whole genome scan for subject 2. b Evaluation of candidate STR expansions by LUSTR unbiased whole genome scan for subject 3. Supplementary Table 3. a RFC1 expansion calls by LUSTR with alternative references for subject 2. b RFC1 expansion calls by LUSTR with alternative references for subject 3. Supplementary Table 4. Comparison among LUSTR, ExpansionHunter, and GangSTR
E04040: Coptic inscription on nummulitic limestone, presumably from Middle Egypt, with a long invocation to a large number of saints including *Mary (Mother of Christ, S00033), *Michael (the Archangel, S00181), *Adam (S00772), the *Patriarchs (S00138) and *Apostles (S00084), the martyrs Apa *Viktor (son of Romanos, Egyptian martyr, S00749), Apa *Phoibammon (soldier and martyr of Assiut, S00080), Apa *Paul (the first anchorite, S00089) and his brothers, as well as list of holy monastic figures, such as Apa *Apollo, Apa *Anoup, and Apa *Phib (monks and monastic founders, S00774), Apa *Patermoute (S01222), Apa *Proou, and all the saints. Datable to the 6th/9th century.
Creators: name: Bryan
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: KSB 1 416

The inscription mentions a man from Aqfahs in Middle Egypt and includes in its invocation the three saints Apollo, Anoup, and Phib celebrated at Bawit (Middle Egypt) which makes this a likely place of origin.

The last lines are very fragmentary, but lines 1–11 read as follows:

ⲁⲡⲁ ⲓⲟⲩⲗⲓⲟⲥ ⲡⲣⲙ ⲕⲃⲉϩⲥ
+ ⲡⲓⲱⲧ ⲡϣⲏⲣⲉ ⲡⲉⲡⲛⲁ ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲧⲉⲙⲁⲁⲩ ⲙⲁⲣⲓⲁ ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲙⲓⲭⲁⲏⲗ ⲡⲉⲛⲉⲓⲱⲧ ⲁⲇⲁⲙ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟⲧⲉ ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲣⲓⲁⲣⲭⲏⲥ ⲛⲁⲡⲟⲥⲧⲟⲗⲟⲥ
ⲙⲙⲁⲣⲧⲏⲣⲟⲥ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲃⲓⲕⲧⲱⲣ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲟⲓⲃⲁⲙⲙⲱⲛ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲉ ⲙⲛ ⲛⲉϥⲥⲛⲏⲩ ⲛⲉⲛⲉⲓⲟⲧ ⲙⲛ ⲛⲟϭ ⲛⲣⲱⲙⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲡⲟⲗⲗⲱ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲁⲛⲟⲩⲡ
ⲁⲡⲁ ⲫⲓⲃ ϫⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲁⲧⲉⲣⲙⲟⲩⲧⲉ ⲁⲡⲁ ⲡⲣ[ⲱⲟⲩ ⲙⲛ] ⲛⲉⲧⲟⲩⲁⲁⲃ ⲧⲏⲣⲟⲩ [

‘Apa Ioulios, the man of Aqfahs.
Father, Son, and Holy Spirit, Mother Mary and our father Michael, our father Adam and our fathers the patriarchs and the apostles, the martyrs Apa Viktor, Apa Phoibammon, and Apa Paule with his brothers, our (monastic) fathers and elders, Apa Apollo, Apa Anoup, and Apa Phib, also Apa Patermoute, Apa Pr[ou and] all the saints […’

(Text: M. Hasitzka, trans.: G. Schenke)
E04041: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.41), recounts how a girl, bound with chains and shackles and unable to participate at the feast of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in November 584, first escaped captivity, and then was freed completely when she reached the church of Martin in Tours. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 584/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.41

Summary:

A girl, the daughter of freed parents, was unjustly enslaved by her patron’s sons; because she did not agree to do any work for her masters, she was bound with chains and shackles. While she was weeping because she was not present at the festival of Martin, the stocks on her feet were split. She escaped and went to the church of Martin. As soon as her feet touched the threshold of the church, the chains were broken and she was free again.

Text: Krusch 1969, 192. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Additional file 8 of LUSTR: a new customizable tool for calling genome-wide germline and somatic short tandem repeat variants
Creators: name: Lu, Jinfeng
name: Toro, Camilo
name: Adams, David R.
name: Moreno, Cristiane Araujo Martins
name: Lee, Wan-Ping
name: Leung, Yuk Yee
name: Harms, Mathew B.
name: Vardarajan, Badri
name: Heinzen, Erin L.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 8. Full list of Undiagnosed Disease Network members.
E04043: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.43), recounts how, when he was travelling, two of his servants were healed after he gave them, mixed with water, dust from the tomb of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050); AD 584/585. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 584/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.43

Summary:

While Gregory was travelling, two of his servants who served among the stewards for the horses became ill. Gregory ordered them to drink dust (pulvus), mixed with water, that he had taken in a box (capsella) from the tomb of Martin. Soon both recovered.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Clinical Presentation Of Malnourished Patients With Pneumonia Requiring Prolonged Ventilatory Support
Creators: name: Johar, Dina
name: Day, Andrew G
name: Ziegler, Ekhard E
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015

description: Introduction: Prolonged exposure to oxygen during ventilatory support is likely to generate physiological abnormalities in the lungs of critically ill infants with bronchopneumonia. The induced physiological changes could impact the growth of young infants and could promote morbidity and mortality of susceptible patients. Methods: We assessed the impact of prolonged exposure to oxygen on the clinical course of infectious pneumonia, nutritional status, relative growth and lung functions of newborn and young infants who were treated for severe pneumonia and required ventilatory support (G1, N=38). Ventilated patients were studied longitudinally to assess the association of weight/height for age z-scores with blood proteins, the ferroxidase enzyme ceruloplasmin oxidase (Cer) and copper (Cu) in plasma. The relationship of prolonged ventilation with severity of infection and type of feeding compared with non-ventilated patients (G2, N=19) and healthy controls (C, N=18) was assessed.Results: On admission patients exhibited statistically lower blood protein, Cer and Cu levels compared to C. Prolonged exposure to oxygen in G1 patients induced a steady state of hypoalbuminemia compared to zero time. The groups differed with regard to growth characteristics, with patients in G1 having consistently, but not significantly, lower z-scores than G2. Although not statistically significant, both fever and death were more common among G1 patients compared to G2 patients (p=0.14 and p=0.25 respectively). Recurrent infection rates and duration of ventilation were consistently worse among patients with indicators of malnutrition. Eighty % of ricketic patients required oxygen therapy compared to 20% who did not require oxygen therapy. Conclusion: The sample of children with pneumonia is small and therefore caution should be exercised in making conclusion.
description: Child Health Research Day: Genetics & Ethics in Child Health Research and Clinical Care. Frederic Gaspard Theatre, Bannatyne Campus, University of Manitoba Faculty of Medicine. Winnipeg, MB, Canada. http://chrim.ca/events/event/child-health-research-day
SOLVING SECOND KIND SINGULAR INTEGRAL EQUATIONS USING CHEBYSHEV POLYNOMIALS
Creators: name: Benjamin, O'Connor
name: Margaret, Hayes
Publisher: name: American serial
Year: 2024
Subjects: Singular integral equations, singular kernel, Cauchy singularity, Chebyshev polynomial, weight function accuracy.

description: A numerical developed technique to solve Fredholm integral equation of the second kind with separable singular kernel is proposed. This technique relies on the truncated expansion functions of the kernels in the finite series of the weighted Chebyshev polynomials of first, second, third, and fourth kinds. Three numerical examples are presented for verification and validation of the developed technique. The results showed that even with small n, the numerical results are accurate
Additional file 1 of Does social capital aid in leveling the income gradient in child mental health? A structural analysis of the left-behind and not-left-behind Chinese children
Creators: name: Gu, Lijuan
name: Yang, Linsheng
name: Li, Hairong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table A.1. Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale for Children (CES-DC). Table A.2. Indicators of neighborhood social capital components.
E04044: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.44), recounts how Mallulf, a citizen of the territory of Tours with crippled hands and feet, was healed after he was brought to the church of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours; AD 584/585. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 584/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.44

Summary:

Mallulf, a citizen of the territory of Tours, endured a long illness and his hands and feet were twisted. In the sixth year of his illness he was brought to the church of Martin. After praying there, he recovered.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Additional file 2 of Digital health and Clinical Patient Management System (CPMS) platform utility for data sharing of neuromuscular patients: the Italian EURO-NMD experience
Creators: name: Fortunato, Fernanda
name: Bianchi, Francesca
name: Ricci, Giulia
name: Torri, Francesca
name: Gualandi, Francesca
name: Neri, Marcella
name: Farnè, Marianna
name: Giannini, Fabio
name: Malandrini, Alessandro
name: Volpi, Nila
name: Lopergolo, Diego
name: Silani, Vincenzo
name: Ticozzi, Nicola
name: Verde, Federico
name: Pareyson, Davide
name: Fenu, Silvia
name: Bonanno, Silvia
name: Nigro, Vincenzo
name: Peduto, Cristina
name: D’Ambrosio, Paola
name: Zeuli, Roberta
name: Zanobio, Mariateresa
name: Picillo, Esther
name: Servidei, Serenella
name: Primiano, Guido
name: Sancricca, Cristina
name: Sciacco, Monica
name: Brusa, Roberta
name: Filosto, Massimiliano
name: Cotti Piccinelli, Stefano
name: Pegoraro, Elena
name: Mongini, Tiziana
name: Solero, Luca
name: Gadaleta, Giulio
name: Brusa, Chiara
name: Minetti, Carlo
name: Bruno, Claudio
name: Panicucci, Chiara
name: Sansone, Valeria A.
name: Lunetta, Christian
name: Zanolini, Alice
name: Toscano, Antonio
name: Pugliese, Alessia
name: Nicocia, Giulia
name: Bertini, Enrico
name: Catteruccia, Michela
name: Diodato, Daria
name: Atalaia, Antonio
name: Evangelista, Teresinha
name: Siciliano, Gabriele
name: Ferlini, Alessandra
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2 Organization and structure of the training course
sj-pdf-3-hol-10.1177_0959683620988051 – Supplemental material for Long-term and recent ecohydrological dynamics of patterned peatlands in north-central Quebec (Canada)
Creators: name: Robitaille, Mylène
name: Garneau, Michelle
name: Bellen, Simon Van
name: Sanderson, Nicole K
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Geography
History

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-hol-10.1177_0959683620988051 for Long-term and recent ecohydrological dynamics of patterned peatlands in north-central Quebec (Canada) by Mylène Robitaille, Michelle Garneau, Simon van Bellen and Nicole K Sanderson in The Holocene
E04045: Floor-mosaic with a Greek inscription invoking the protection of Christ 'through the faith of the (First?) Saints'. Found at Khirbet Samra on the east shore of the sea of Galilee, near Gadara (Roman province of Palaestina II). Probably 5th-7th c.
Creators: name: Pnowakowski
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Framed floor-mosaic panel, set at the west end of the carpet mosaic of the nave. The inscription, as seen in the photograph, reads as follows:

 + ΗΙΡΗΝΗΤΟΥCΩΤΗΡΟCΗΜΩΝΧΥ
 ΗΥΠΕΡΕΧΟΥCΑΠΑΝΤΑΝΟΥCΟΝ
 ΝΛΗΝΖΟCΑΗΠΑCΗCΟΦΙΑΠΝΕΥΜΑΤΟC
ΚΑΙΕΝΠΙCΤΙΤΟΝΑΑΓΙΩΝΤΑCΙCΟΔΟΥC
 ΚΑΙΕΙΡΗΝΕΞΟΔΟΥCΥΜΩΝΕΝΚΥΡΙ
(small bird) ΑΜΗΝ (ivy leaf)

Based on his examination of the panel, Vassilios Tzaferis argues that some lines were restored in Antiquity by a mosaicist who inserted superfluous letters and incorrect words into a slightly different, original text. Tzaferis offers the following reconstruction of the original inscription:

+ ἡ ἰρήνη τοῦ Σωτῆρος ἡμῶν Χ(ριστο)ῦ
ἡ ὑπερέχουσα πάντα νοῦ{σο}ν
, πάσῃ σοφίᾳ πνεύματος
καὶ ἐν πίστι τõν Α (= πρώτων?) ἁγίων, τὰς ἰσόδους
καὶ ἐξόδους ὑμῶν ἐν Κυρί(ῳ)
(small bird) ἀμήν (ivy leaf)

2. ΠΑΝΤΑΝΟΥCON mosaic: apparently restored by an ancient mosaicist instead of ΠΑΝΤΑΝΟΥΝ, πάντα νοῦν Tzaferis' reconstruction, πανταοῦ σόν the Ovadiahs || 3. ΝΛΗΝΖΟCAH mosaic: again wrong ancient restoration, , πάσῃ σοφίᾳ Tzaferis' reconstruction, .......ἡ πᾶσ σοφία the Ovadiahs, πασσοφία SEG || 4. ΚΑΙΕΝΠΙCΤΙΤΟΝΑ·ΑΓΙΩΝ mosaic, ἐν πίστι τõν α΄ (= πρώτων?) ἁγίων Tzaferis, ἐν πίστι τõν ἁγίων Meimaris, supported by Pleket in SEG, καὶ ἐν τη σπ (= σπ(ουδῇ)? Bingen in SEG) τν (πρῶτων) the Ovadiahs || 5. ΚΑΙΕΙΡΗΝΕΞ mosaic, καὶ τὰς ἐξόδους Tzaferis' reconstruction, καὶ εἰρήν(η) ἐξόδους ὑμῶν, ν Κύρι[ε] the Ovadiahs

'The peace of Our Saviour Christ, which passeth all understanding, shall protect by every wisdom of the Spirit and in the faith of the First (?) Saints thy comings-in and thy goings-out in the Lord. Amen.'

Text: Tzaferis 1993, no. 3, modified. Translation: V. Tzaferis, lightly adapted.
E04046: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.45), explains why he is not always able to record the names of those who have received miracles; he then tells how a man from Bourges (central Gaul), whose hands were disabled when he sought to mend a fence on a Sunday, came to the feast of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours in July 585, and was healed. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 585/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.45

Et ne ob hoc cuiquam quae referuntur videantur incredibilia, quia nomina singulorum non sunt in paginis praenotata, facit hoc haec causa, quia, cum a sancto Dei incolomitati fuerint redditi, statim recedunt et aliquotiens ita clam redeunt, ut, si dici fas est, a nemine videantur. Cumque rumor surrexerit, beati antestitis apparuisse virtutem, vocatis ad nos custodibus aedis, quae sunt acta cognoscimus; nomina tamen non semper ab his discimus. Illos vero plerumque nominatim scribimus, quos videre potuerimus, aut ipsi discutimus.

'And lest these miracles that are described seem unbelievable to anyone because the names of the individual people are not recorded in these pages, there is a reason for this: when these people have been restored to health by this saint of God, immediately they depart and sometimes leave so quietly that, if I may say so, no one sees them. Whenever a rumour arises that the power of the blessed bishop has appeared, I summon the custodians of the church and learn what has happened; but I do not always learn the names from these custodians. But often I do record by name those people whom I was able to see or with whom I talked.'

In the second part of the chapter Gregory describes how a man from Bourges, who had wished to repair a fence around his crop on a Sunday, had his hands disabled. When he came to the festival of Martin, the fingers of both his hands were straightened.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Translation: Van Dam 1993, 276-277, lightly modified (= de Nie 2015, 739). Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
sj-pdf-1-tai-10.1177_2049936120981526 – Supplemental material for The role of faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond Clostridioides difficile infection
Creators: name: Goldenberg, Simon D.
name: Merrick, Blair
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111099 Nursing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 111403 Paediatrics
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 111599 Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111799 Public Health and Health Services not elsewhere classified
subject: 110203 Respiratory Diseases

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-tai-10.1177_2049936120981526 for The role of faecal microbiota transplantation: looking beyond Clostridioides difficile infection by Simon D. Goldenberg and Blair Merrick in Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease
E04047: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.46), recounts how a woman from the territory of Poitiers (western Gaul), whose arm was crippled, came to the tomb of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours and was healed twice, on the second occasion having her freedom bought by the shrine; AD 585. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 585/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.46

Summary:

A woman slave from the territory of Poitiers, whose arm had withered when her ligaments stiffened, came to the tomb of Martin. She was healed after she spent the night praying and keeping vigils. She was, however, then subjected to slavery by her masters and the disability returned. She came again to the shrine and was again cured. Her masters came to take her away, but accepted payment from the saint (accepto de rebus sancti pretio), and she was freed.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Additional file 1 of A dry polymer nanocomposite transcutaneous electrode for functional electrical stimulation
Creators: name: Marquez-Chin, Melissa
name: Saadatnia, Zia
name: Sun, Yu-Chen
name: Naguib, Hani E.
name: Popovic, Milos R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Each individual participant’s comfort ratings for each combination of electrode–stimulator. 0= most comfortable and 10= most uncomfortable. The darker colors indicate higher comfort. Figure S2. Each individual participant’s normalized torques for each combination of electrode–stimulator. The darker colors indicate higher torque. Figure S3. Each individual participant’s reported sensations for each combination of electrode–stimulator. Darker colors indicate the sensation was more highly perceived. Figure S4. 3D-plots showing average amount of torque generated vs. comfort rating vs. intensity of stimulation used at each intensity level. Figure S5. Questionnaire used to describe sensations felt during stimulation.
sj-pdf-1-hsb-10.1177_0022146520984136 – Supplemental material for Changes in Mental Health and Treatment, 1997–2017
Creators: name: Johnson, Amy L.
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-hsb-10.1177_0022146520984136 for Changes in Mental Health and Treatment, 1997–2017 by Amy L. Johnson in Journal of Health and Social Behavior
E04048: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.47), recounts how a man in Soissons (north-east Gaul) was imprisoned for debt but freed after he prayed to *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) as relics of the saint were passing by the prison; AD 585. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 585/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.47

Summary:

In the territory of Soissons there was a man who was confined to prison after he was unable to pay back a debt. The creditor fettered the man tightly in chains and denied him food and drink. When relics of Martin, which were being brought to a district in Soissons (in Suessionicum pagum), passed by on the street, the man prayed to the saint, was freed from his chains, and entered a church. Devout people paid his debt.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Table S1 - Supplemental material for The International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery Expert Consensus Statement on Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Propensity-Matched Studies
Creators: name: Thourani, Vinod H.
name: J. James Edelman
name: Holmes, Sari D.
name: Nguyen, Tom C.
name: Carroll, John
name: Mack, Michael J.
name: Kapadia, Samir
name: Tang, Gilbert H. L.
name: Susheel Kodali
name: Kaneko, Tsuyoshi
name: Meduri, Christopher U.
name: Forcillo, Jessica
name: Ferdinand, Francis D.
name: Fontana, Gregory
name: Suwalski, Piotr
name: Kiaii, Bob
name: Balkhy, Husam
name: Joerg Kempfert
name: Cheung, Anson
name: Borger, Michael A.
name: Reardon, Michael
name: Leon, Martin B.
name: Popma, Jeffrey J.
name: Ad, Niv
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110323 Surgery
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, Table S1, for The International Society for Minimally Invasive Cardiothoracic Surgery Expert Consensus Statement on Transcatheter and Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low- and Intermediate-Risk Patients: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized and Propensity-Matched Studies by Vinod H. Thourani, J. James Edelman, Sari D. Holmes, Tom C. Nguyen, John Carroll, Michael J. Mack, Samir Kapadia, Gilbert H. L. Tang, Susheel Kodali, Tsuyoshi Kaneko, Christopher U. Meduri, Jessica Forcillo, Francis D. Ferdinand, Gregory Fontana, Piotr Suwalski, Bob Kiaii, Husam Balkhy, Joerg Kempfert, Anson Cheung, Michael A. Borger, Michael Reardon, Martin B. Leon, Jeffrey J. Popma and Niv Ad in Innovations: Technology and Techniques in Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery
E04049: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.48), recounts how a blind woman came to the tomb of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours, during his feast in November 585, and her sight was restored. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 585/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.48

Summary:

A blind woman who heard of Martin's miracles came to his church during his festival. After she prayed, she was healed.

Text: Krusch 1969, 193. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
E04050: Gregory of Tours, in his Miracles of Martin (3.49), recounts how a disabled boy was healed at the tomb of *Martin (ascetic and bishop of Tours, ob. 397, S00050) in Tours, during his feast in November 585. Written in Latin in Tours (north-west Gaul), 585/588.
Creators: name: Kwojtalik
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2017
Subjects: History

description: Gregory of Tours, Miracles of Martin (Libri de virtutibus sancti Martini episcopi) 3.49

Summary:

During the festival of Martin, a deaf, blind and paralysed boy was cured after he came to the holy place.

Text: Krusch 1969, 194. Summary: Katarzyna Wojtalik.
Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_1073274821989315 - Gender Differences in Concerns About Participating in Cancer Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Creators: name: Fox, Louis
name: Wylie, Harriet
name: Cahill, Fee
name: Haire, Anna
name: Saran Green
name: Kibaru, Joyce
name: Hartley, Catherine
name: Sullivan, Richard
name: Hemelrijck, Mieke Van
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 111299 Oncology and Carcinogenesis not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental Material, sj-pdf-1-ccx-10.1177_1073274821989315 for Gender Differences in Concerns About Participating in Cancer Research During the COVID-19 Pandemic by Louis Fox, Harriet Wylie, Fee Cahill, Anna Haire, Saran Green, Joyce Kibaru, Catherine Hartley, Richard Sullivan and Mieke Van Hemelrijck in Cancer Control
sj-pdf-3-jbx-10.1177_2472555220980696 – Supplemental material for High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry for Hit Identification: Current Landscape and Future Perspectives
Creators: name: McLaren, David G.
name: Shah, Vinit
name: Wisniewski, Thomas
name: Ghislain, Lucien
name: Liu, Chang
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Saldanha, S. Adrian
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-3-jbx-10.1177_2472555220980696 for High-Throughput Mass Spectrometry for Hit Identification: Current Landscape and Future Perspectives by David G. McLaren, Vinit Shah, Thomas Wisniewski, Lucien Ghislain, Chang Liu, Hui Zhang and S. Adrian Saldanha in SLAS Discovery
sj-pdf-1-aic-10.1177_0310057X20968841 - Supplemental material for A survey of self-reported use of cricoid pressure amongst Australian and New Zealand anaesthetists: Attitudes and practice
Creators: name: Mistry, Ravi
name: Frei, Daniel R
name: Badenhorst, Chris
name: Broadbent, James
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 110305 Emergency Medicine
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-aic-10.1177_0310057X20968841 for A survey of self-reported use of cricoid pressure amongst Australian and New Zealand anaesthetists: Attitudes and practice by Ravi Mistry Conceptualization Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Writing original draft Writing review editing Daniel R Frei Conceptualization Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Writing original draft Writing review editing ChrisBadenhorst Formal analysis Investigation Methodology Writing original draft Writing review editing James Broadbent Formal analysis Methodology Writing review editing in Anaesthesia and Intensive Care
Additional file 1 of Contraceptive dynamics among women with disabilities of reproductive age in Ethiopia: systematic review
Creators: name: Anshebo, Abebe Alemu
name: Markos, Yilma
name: Behera, Sujit
name: Gopalan, Natarajan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Science Policy
Cancer

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary file 1. Data searching strategies.
sj-pdf-2-anp-10.1177_0004867420985247 – Supplemental material for Incarceration among adults living with psychosis in Indigenous populations in Cape York and the Torres Strait
Creators: name: Charlson, Fiona
name: Gynther, Bruce
name: Obrecht, Karin
name: Heffernan, Ed
name: David, Michael
name: Young, Jesse T
name: Hunter, Ernest
Publisher: name: SAGE Journals
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 170199 Psychology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 110319 Psychiatry (incl. Psychotherapy)
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Neuroscience

description: Supplemental material, sj-pdf-2-anp-10.1177_0004867420985247 for Incarceration among adults living with psychosis in Indigenous populations in Cape York and the Torres Strait by Fiona Charlson, Bruce Gynther, Karin Obrecht, Ed Heffernan, Michael David, Jesse T Young and Ernest Hunter in Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry
Spectroscopic Characterization of Disulfiram and Nicotinic Acid after Biofield Treatment
Creators: name: Trivedi, Dahryn
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Disulfiram is being used clinically as an aid in chronic alcoholism, while nicotinic acid is one of a B-complex vitamin that has cholesterol lowering activity. The aim of present study was to investigate the impact of biofield treatment on spectral properties of disulfiram and nicotinic acid. The study was performed in two groups i.e., control and treatment of each drug. The treatment groups were received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield treatment. Subsequently, spectral properties of control and treated groups of both drugs were studied using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) and Ultraviolet-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic techniques. FT-IR spectrum of biofield treated disulfiram showed the shifting in wavenumber of C-H stretching from 1496 to 1506 cm-1 and C-N stretching from 1062 to 1056 cm-1. The intensity of S-S dihedral bending peaks (665 and 553 cm-1) was also increased in biofield treated disulfiram sample, as compared to control. FT-IR spectra of biofield treated nicotinic acid showed the shifting in wavenumber of C-H stretching from 3071 to 3081 cm-1 and 2808 to 2818 cm-1. Likewise, C=C stretching peak was shifted to higher frequency region from 1696 cm-1 to 1703 cm-1 and C-O (COO-) stretching peak was shifted to lower frequency region from 1186 to 1180 cm-1 in treated nicotinic acid.

UV spectrum of control and biofield treated disulfiram showed similar pattern of UV spectra. Whereas, the UV spectrum of biofield treated nicotinic acid exhibited the shifting of absorption maxima (λmax) with respect of control i.e., from 268.4 to 262.0 nm, 262.5 to 256.4, 257.5 to 245.6, and 212.0 to 222.4 nm.

Over all, the FT-IR and UV spectroscopy results suggest an impact of biofield treatment on the force constant, bond strength, and dipole moments of treated drugs such as disulfiram and nicotinic acid that could led to change in their chemical stability as compared to control.
Spectral and Thermal Properties of Biofield Energy Treated Cotton
Creators: name: Trivedi, Dahryn
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: Cotton has widespread applications in textile industries due its interesting physicochemical properties. The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of biofield energy treatment on the spectral, and thermal properties of the cotton. The study was executed in two groups namely control and treated. The control group persisted as untreated, and the treated group received Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The control and treated cotton were characterized by different analytical techniques such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and CHNSO analysis. DSC analysis showed a substantial increase in exothermic temperature peak of the treated cotton (450 ºC) as compared to the control sample (382ºC). Additionally, the enthalpy of fusion (ΔH) was significantly increased by 86.47% in treated cotton. The differential thermal analysis (DTA) analysis showed an increase in thermal decomposition temperature of treated cotton (361ºC) as compared to the control sample (358ºC). The result indicated the increase in thermal stability of the treated cotton in comparison with the control. FT-IR analysis showed an alterations in –OH stretching (3408→3430 cm-1), carbonyl stretching peak (1713-1662 cm-1), C-H bending (1460-1431 cm-1), -OH bending (580-529 cm-1) and –OH out of plane bending (580-529 cm-1) of treated cotton with respect to the control sample. CHNSO elemental analysis showed a substantial increase in the nitrogen percentage by 19.16% and 2.27% increase in oxygen in treated cotton as compared to the control. Overall, the result showed significant changes in spectral and thermal properties of biofield energy treated cotton. It is assumed that biofield energy treated cotton might be interesting for textile applications.
Influence of Biofield Energy Treatment on Isotopic Abundance Ratio in Aniline Derivatives
Creators: name: Branton, Alice
Publisher: name: SMN - The ScienceMedia Network
Year: 2017
Subjects: Natural Sciences
Chemistry

description: The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of biofield energy treatment on the isotopic abundance of 13C/12C or 2H/1H or 15N/14N ≡ (PM+1)/PM in aniline; and (PM+1)/PM and 81Br/79Br ≡ (PM+2)/PM in 4-bromoaniline using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). Aniline and 4-bromoaniline samples were divided into two parts: control and treated. The control part remained as untreated, while the treated part was subjected to Mr. Trivedi’s biofield energy treatment. The treated samples were subdivided in three parts named as T1, T2, and T3 for aniline and four parts named as T1, T2, T3, and T4 for 4-bromoaniline. The GC-MS data revealed that the isotopic abundance ratio of (PM+1)/PM in aniline was increased from -40.82%, 30.17% and 73.12% in T1, T2 and T3 samples respectively. However in treated samples of 4-bromoaniline the isotopic abundance ratio of PM+1/PM was increased exponentially from -4.36 % (T1) to 368.3% (T4) as compared to the control. A slight decreasing trend of the isotopic ratio of (PM+2)/ PM in 4-bromoaniline was observed after biofield energy treatment. The GC-MS data suggests that the biofield energy treatment has significantly increased the isotopic abundance of 2H, 13C and 15N in the treated aniline and 4-bromoaniline, while slight decreased the isotopic abundance of 81Br in treated 4-bromoaniline as compared to their respective control.