cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
An eBPF-Based Trace-Driven Emulation Method for Satellite Networks
Creators: name: Tian, Weibiao
name: Li, Ye
name: Zhao, Jinwei
name: Wu, Sheng
name: Pan, Jianping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: System-level performance evaluation over satellite networks often requires a simulated or emulated environment for reproducibility and low cost. However, the existing tools may not meet the needs for scenarios such as the low-earth orbit (LEO) satellite networks. To address the problem, this paper proposes and implements a trace-driven emulation method based on Linux's eBPF technology. Building a Starlink traces collection system, we demonstrate that the method can effectively and efficiently emulate the connection conditions, and therefore provides a means for evaluating applications on local hosts.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Spin Decoherence from Hamiltonian dynamics in Quantum Dots
Creators: name: Rao, D. D. Bhaktavatsala
name: Ravishankar, V.
name: Subrahmanyam, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of a spin-1/2 particle coupled to a nuclear spin bath through an isotropic Heisenberg interaction is studied, as a model for the spin decoherence in quantum dots. The time-dependent polarization of the central spin is calculated as a function of the bath-spin distribution and the polarizations of the initial bath state. For short times, the polarization of the central spin shows a gaussian decay, and at later times it revives displaying nonmonotonic time dependence. The decoherence time scale dep ends on moments of the bath-spin distribuition, and also on the polarization strengths in various bath-spin channels. The bath polarizations have a tendency to increase the decoherence time scale. The effective dynamics of the central spin polarization is shown to be describ ed by a master equation with non-markovian features.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures Accepted for publication in Phys.Rev A
Additional file 1 of Application of the PRECEDE -PROCEED model in prevention of brucellosis focused on livestock vaccination process
Creators: name: Bahadori, Farhad
name: Ghofranipour, Fazlollah
name: Zarei, Fatemeh
name: Ziaei, Reza
name: Ghaffarifar, Saeideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Brucellosis Prevention Questionnaire (BPQ).
ODUSSEAS: Upgraded version with new reference scale and parameter determinations for 82 planet-host M dwarf stars in SWEET-Cat
Creators: name: Antoniadis-Karnavas, A.
name: Sousa, S. G.
name: Delgado-Mena, E.
name: Santos, N. C.
name: Andreasen, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims: Obtaining accurate derivations of stellar atmospheric parameters is crucial in the fields of stellar and exoplanet characterization. We present the upgraded version of our computational tool ODUSSEAS with a new reference scale applied to derive $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and [Fe/H] values for M dwarfs.
 Methods: The new reference dataset of ODUSSEAS consists of $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ values based on interferometry, and [Fe/H] values derived by applying updated values for the parallaxes. These reference parameters are related to the pseudo-equivalent widths (EWs) of more than 4000 stellar absorption lines. The machine learning Python "scikit learn" package creates models to determine the stellar parameters for subsequent analysis.
 Results: We determined $T_{\mathrm{eff}}$ and [Fe/H] values for 82 planet-host stars in SWEET-Cat. We demonstrate that our new version of ODUSSEAS is capable of determining the parameters with a greater accuracy than the original by comparing our results to other methods in literature. We also compared our parameters for the same stars by measuring their spectra obtained from several instruments, showing the consistency of our determinations with standard deviation of 30 K and 0.03 dex. Finally, we examined the correlation among planetary mass and stellar metallicity, confirming prior evidence indicating that massive planets mainly form around metal-rich stars in the case of M dwarfs as well.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures, Accepted by A&A
Towards physically motivated proofs of the Poincare' and geometrization conjectures
Creators: name: Kholodenko, Arkady L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Although the Poincare' and the geometrization conjectures were recently proved by Perelman, the proof relies heavily on properties of the Ricci flow previously investigated in great detail by Hamilton. Physical realization of such a flow can be found, for instance, in the work by Friedan (Ann.Phys.163(1985)318-419). In his work the renormalization group flow for a nonlinear sigma model in 2+e dimensions was obtained and studied. For e=0, by approximating the beta function for such a flow by the lowest order terms in the sigma model coupling constant, the equations for Ricci flow are obtained. In view of such an approximation, the existence of this type of flow in nature is questionable. In this work, we find totally independent justification for the existence of Ricci flows in nature. This is achieved by developing a new formalism extending the results of 2d CFT to 3 and higher dimensions. Equations describing critical dynamics of these CFT's are examples of the Yamabe and Ricci flows realizable in nature. Although in the original works by Perelman some physically motivated arguments can be found, their role in his proof remain either nonexistent or obscure. In this paper, steps are made toward making these arguments more explicit thus creating an opportunity for developing alternative, more physically motivated, proofs of the Poincare' and geometrization conjectures.
description: 46 pages, revised
กระบวนการพัฒนาความเข้มแข็งของสภาพลเมือง
Creators: name: ปิยะนันท์ ทรงสุนทรวัฒน์
Publisher: name: หจก.เลิศศิลป์ สาส์ณ โฮลดิ้ง
Year: 2562
Subjects: กระบวนการ, การพัฒนาความเข้มแข็ง, สภาพลเมือง (The strong development, Civic council)

description: วารสารชุมชนวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครราชสีมา, 13, 2, 113-126
Additional file 2 of Application of the PRECEDE -PROCEED model in prevention of brucellosis focused on livestock vaccination process
Creators: name: Bahadori, Farhad
name: Ghofranipour, Fazlollah
name: Zarei, Fatemeh
name: Ziaei, Reza
name: Ghaffarifar, Saeideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Educational lesson plans.
Measurements of Solar Differential Rotation Using the Century Long Kodaikanal Sunspot Data
Creators: name: Jha, Bibhuti Kumar
name: Priyadarshi, Aditya
name: Mandal, Sudip
name: Chaterjee, Subhamoy
name: Banerjee, Dipankar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The rotational profile of the Sun is considered to be one of the key inputs in a solar dynamo model. Hence, precise and long-term measurements of this quantity is important for our understanding of solar magnetism and its variability. In this study, we use the newly digitized, white light sunspot data (1923 -- 2011) from Kodaikanal Solar Observatory (KoSO) to derive the solar rotation profile. An automated correlation based sunspot tracking algorithm is implemented to measure the rotation parameters, $A$, the equatorial rotation rate and $B$, the latitudinal gradient. Our measurements of $A=14.381\pm0.004$ and $B=-2.72\pm0.04$ compare well with previous studies. In our analysis, we find that the bigger sunspots (with area $>$400~$μ$Hem) rotate slower than the smaller ones. At the same time, we do not find any variation in the rotation rates between activity extremes, i.e solar maxima and minima. Lastly, we employ our tracking algorithm on the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) data and compare the MDI results with our KoSO values.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures, accepted for publication in Solar Physics
BAYESIAN HIERARCHICAL MODELING FOR FORECASTING HEALTH RESOURCE ALLOCATION IN GHANA'S RURAL HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
Creators: name: A. Dinesh Kumar & Jerryson Ameworgbe Gidisu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: This study addresses the urgent need for accurate health resource forecasting in Ghana’s rural healthcare system, where over 60% of districts experience quarterly stockouts of essential medications and a doctor-to-population ratio as low as 1:11,000. To tackle these challenges, the study applies Bayesian Hierarchical Modeling (BHM), which integrates spatial heterogeneity, temporal variability, and prior data to forecast drug supply, personnel deployment, and equipment distribution. Using secondary data from 2020-2024 across five representative rural districts, the study employed spatial, temporal, and spatio-temporal Bayesian models. Statistical tests revealed significant results: a paired t-test for spatial effects showed t(4) = 6.45, p< 0.01; ANOVA for seasonal personnel deployment yielded F(3,16) = 5.62, p = 0.008; and integrating prior information improved equipment forecast accuracy from 72% to 78% (t(8) = 3.87, p = 0.005). The model achieved 84% forecast accuracy for antimalarials, with RMSE values as low as 3.2. A multiple regression model indicated that equipment efficiency (β = 0.58, p< 0.01), doctor-to-population ratio (β = 0.34, p = 0.04), and seasonal deployment (β = 0.28, p = 0.06) together explained 63% (R² = 0.63) of the variance in resource utilization. A strong correlation (r = 0.93) between equipment efficiency and utilization affirms the model’s predictive power. These findings underscore the necessity of dynamic, localized, and evidence-based forecasting systems. The research recommends embedding BHM into national health information platforms to enable real-time, district-level planning. It also advocates for investments in data infrastructure and personnel training to sustain model-driven resource equity across rural Ghana.
การสังเคราะห์องค์ประกอบและการพัฒนาตัวบ่งชี้ภาวะผู้นำของผู้บริหารศูนย์การศึกษาพิเศษ สังกัดสำนักงานคณะกรรมการการศึกษาขั้นพื้นฐาน
Creators: name: รังสิสวุฒิ สุวรรณ์โรจน
Publisher: name: หจก.เลิศศิลป์ สาส์ณ โฮลดิ้ง
Year: 2562
Subjects: การสังเคราะห์องค์ประกอบและการพัฒนาตัวบ่งชี้, ภาวะผู้นำ, ผู้บริหารศูนย์การศึกษาพิเศษ, องค์ประกอบภาวะผู้นำ (Factor synthesis and indicator developmeat, Leadership, Administrator of special education center, Leadership components)

description: วารสารชุมชนวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครราชสีมา, 13, 2, 127-140
วิวัฒนาการของห้องน้ำที่ส่งผลต่อการแสดงนาฏยศิลป์สร้างสรรค์
Creators: name: ภคพร หอมนาน
Publisher: name: หจก.เลิศศิลป์ สาส์ณ โฮลดิ้ง
Year: 2562
Subjects: วิวัฒนาการ, ห้องน้ำ, การสร้างสรรค์นาฏยศิลป์ (Evolution, Lavatory/Bathroom, Thai classical dance creation)

description: วารสารชุมชนวิจัย มหาวิทยาลัยราชภัฏนครราชสีมา, 13, 2, 141-152
Phytoplankton temporal strategies increase entropy production in a marine food web model
Creators: name: Vallino, Joseph J.
name: Tsakalakis, Ioannis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We develop a trait-based model founded on the hypothesis that biological systems evolve and organize to maximize entropy production by dissipating chemical and electromagnetic potentials over longer time scales than abiotic processes by implementing temporal strategies. A marine food web consisting of phytoplankton, bacteria and consumer functional groups is used to explore how temporal strategies, or the lack there of, change entropy production in a shallow pond that receives a continuous flow of reduced organic carbon plus inorganic nitrogen and illumination from solar radiation with diel and seasonal dynamics. Results show that a temporal strategy that employs an explicit circadian clock produces more entropy than a passive strategy that uses internal carbon storage or a balanced growth strategy that requires phytoplankton to grow with fixed stoichiometry. When the community is forced to operate at high specific growth rates near 2 d-1, the optimization-guided model selects for phytoplankton ecotypes that exhibit complementary for winter versus summer environmental conditions to increase entropy production. We also present a new type of trait-based modeling where trait values are determined by maximizing entropy production rather than by random selection.
description: 39 pp. including Supplementary Material, 6 Figures
A Keck Survey for Gravitationally-Lensed Lyman-alpha Emitters in the Redshift Range 8.5 < z < 10.4: New Constraints on the Contribution of Low Luminosity Sources to Cosmic Reionization
Creators: name: Stark, Daniel P.
name: Ellis, Richard S.
name: Richard, Johan
name: Kneib, Jean-Paul
name: Smith, Graham P.
name: Santos, Michael R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss new observational constraints on the abundance of faint high redshift Lyman-alpha emitters secured from a deep Keck near-infrared spectroscopic survey which utilizes the strong magnification provided by lensing galaxy clusters at intermediate redshift (z=0.2-0.5). In each of 9 clusters we have undertaken a systematic `blind' search for line emission with NIRSPEC in the J-band within carefully-selected regions which offer very high magnifications (>10-50x) for background sources with redshifts z~10. The high magnification enables the detection of emission at unprecedented limits (10^41 - 10^42 erg/s), much fainter than those of conventional narrow band imaging and other spectroscopic searches. As the comoving volumes probed are small, our survey is designed to address the important question of whether intrinsically feeble star forming galaxies could provide the dominant ionizing flux at z~10. Our survey has yielded six promising (>5 sigma) candidate Lyman-alpha emitters which lie between z=8.7 and z=10.2. While the predicted reionization photon budget depends upon a large number of physical assumptions, our first glimpse at the z~10 Universe suggests that low luminosity star-forming galaxies contribute a significant proportion of the UV photons necessary for cosmic reionization. [Abridged]
description: Submitted to ApJ, with changes to reflect referee's comments, 27 pages, 12 figures, for higher resolution figures, see http://www.astro.caltech.edu/~dps/papers/nirscrit.pdf
Bioindication of atmospheric heavy metals in the lower Fraser Valley, B.C., Canada
Creators: name: Pott, Ute
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The atmospheric heavy metal content of the Fraser Valley, B.C., Canada was assessed for 1993 by analyzing lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, zinc, and manganese content in 62 samples of the common woodland moss Isothecium stoloniferum Brid. Lead, cadmium, nickel and zinc showed a correlated regional distribution with high values in the western more urbanized areas and lower values in the rural eastern areas. Chromium and manganese exhibited a less distinct distribution pattern. Highest values were recorded for the North Shore Mountains relating to increased precipitation and pollutant transport by the local wind pattern from industrial areas in the Port Moody, Burnaby area, where metal readings reached another maximum. Relationships of these findings to population density, land use, traffic and industrial activity were investigated. Historical changes of metal levels in the ambient air of the study area since the early 1960s were examined through analysis of moss specimens from the U.B.C. herbarium. Metal pollution patterns were established for the periods 1960 - 1966 and 1975 - 1980. In addition, changes in metal levels in moss samples from three sites with a continuous collection record since the 1960's are described. A general decline in atmospheric levels for lead, cadmium, chromium, nickel, and zinc was found. The observed decrease reflected the reduction of heavy industries in the area, abandonment of leaded gasoline and the change from oil to gas and elecuicity for space heating. Reduction in atmospheric metals, as determined by the moss method, reflected the general decline in particulate .emission, as determined by the GVRD direct air sampling program. Manganese levels, in contrast, have increased since the 1960s, which might be attributed to the addition of Methylcyclopentadienyl manganese tricarbonyl (MMT) to gasoline, replacing the leaded antiknock additives. Comparisons were made to recent metal levels and historical changes reported from European 'moss method' studies. The potential of the 'moss method' to be used for general air quality assessments was investigated, by comparison to direct air quality measurements of various pollutants and a general air quality index.
Phonon-assisted transport through double-dot Aharonov-Bohm interferometer in the Kondo regime
Creators: name: Florków, P. P.
name: Krychowski, D.
name: Lipiński, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effect of electron-phonon coupling on transport through a pair of strongly correlated quantum dots embedded in the Aharonov-Bohm ring is considered in the mean field slave boson Kotliar-Ruckenstein approach. It is shown that coupling with phonons opens transport gap in the region of double occupancy. Low-bias conductance and thermopower provide information on electron-phonon coupling strength.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 3 of Application of the PRECEDE -PROCEED model in prevention of brucellosis focused on livestock vaccination process
Creators: name: Bahadori, Farhad
name: Ghofranipour, Fazlollah
name: Zarei, Fatemeh
name: Ziaei, Reza
name: Ghaffarifar, Saeideh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. Educational material, including scenarios and pictures for discussion.
CyberCortex.AI: An AI-based Operating System for Autonomous Robotics and Complex Automation
Creators: name: Grigorescu, Sorin
name: Zaha, Mihai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Operating Systems (cs.OS)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The underlying framework for controlling autonomous robots and complex automation applications are Operating Systems (OS) capable of scheduling perception-and-control tasks, as well as providing real-time data communication to other robotic peers and remote cloud computers. In this paper, we introduce CyberCortex AI, a robotics OS designed to enable heterogeneous AI-based robotics and complex automation applications. CyberCortex AI is a decentralized distributed OS which enables robots to talk to each other, as well as to High Performance Computers (HPC) in the cloud. Sensory and control data from the robots is streamed towards HPC systems with the purpose of training AI algorithms, which are afterwards deployed on the robots. Each functionality of a robot (e.g. sensory data acquisition, path planning, motion control, etc.) is executed within a so-called DataBlock of Filters shared through the internet, where each filter is computed either locally on the robot itself, or remotely on a different robotic system. The data is stored and accessed via a so-called Temporal Addressable Memory (TAM), which acts as a gateway between each filter's input and output. CyberCortex AI has two main components: i) the CyberCortex AI inference system, which is a real-time implementation of the DataBlock running on the robots' embedded hardware, and ii) the CyberCortex AI dojo, which runs on an HPC computer in the cloud, and it is used to design, train and deploy AI algorithms. We present a quantitative and qualitative performance analysis of the proposed approach using two collaborative robotics applications: i) a forest fires prevention system based on an Unitree A1 legged robot and an Anafi Parrot 4K drone, as well as ii) an autonomous driving system which uses CyberCortex AI for collaborative perception and motion control.
Meixner polynomials and random partitions
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Olshanski, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 60C05; 60G55; 33C45

description: The paper deals with a 3-parameter family of probability measures on the set of partitions, called the z-measures. The z-measures first emerged in connection with the problem of harmonic analysis on the infinite symmetric group. They are a special and distinguished case of Okounkov's Schur measures. It is known that any Schur measure determines a determinantal point process on the 1-dimensional lattice. In the particular case of z-measures, the correlation kernel of this process, called the discrete hypergeometric kernel, has especially nice properties. The aim of the paper is to derive the discrete hypergeometric kernel by a new method, based on a relationship between the z-measures and the Meixner orthogonal polynomial ensemble. The present paper can be viewed as an introduction to another our paper where the same approach is applied to studying a dynamical model related to the z-measures (Markov processes on partitions, Prob. Theory Rel. Fields 135 (2006), 84-152; arXiv: math-ph/0409075).
description: AMSTeX, 27 pages, to appear in Moscow Mathematical Journal
Gauge/String Duality in Confining Theories
Creators: name: Edelstein, Jose D.
name: Portugues, Ruben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the content of a set of lectures given at the XIII Jorge Andre Swieca Summer School on Particles and Fields, held in Campos do Jordao, Brazil in January 2005. They intend to be a basic introduction to the topic of gauge/gravity duality in confining theories. We start by reviewing some key aspects of the low energy physics of non-Abelian gauge theories. Then, we present the basics of the AdS/CFT correspondence and its extension both to gauge theories in different spacetime dimensions with sixteen supercharges and to more realistic situations with less supersymmetry. We discuss the different options of interest: placing D-branes at singularities and wrapping D-branes in calibrated cycles of special holonomy manifolds. We finally present an outline of a number of non-perturbative phenomena in non-Abelian gauge theories as seen from supergravity.
description: 70 pages, 8 figures, Lectures given at XIII Jorge Andre Swieca Summer School on Particle and Fields, Campos do Jordao, Brazil, January 2005; v2: several explanations were expanded and improved while an oversight, some typos and the list of references were corrected; v3: minor amendments and a few references added; v4: citations added, final version
Additional file 1 of Proteome and secretome profiling of zinc availability in Cryptococcus neoformans identifies Wos2 as a subtle influencer of fungal virulence determinants
Creators: name: Ball, B.
name: Woroszchuk, E.
name: Sukumaran, A.
name: West, H.
name: Afaq, A.
name: Carruthers-Lay, D.
name: Muselius, B.
name: Gee, L.
name: Langille, M.
name: Pladwig, S.
name: Kazi, S.
name: Hendriks, A.
name: Geddes-McAlister, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
On Conditions for Convergence to Consensus
Creators: name: Lorenz, Jan
name: Lorenz, Dirk A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A new theorem on conditions for convergence to consensus of a multiagent time-dependent time-discrete dynamical system is presented. The theorem is build up on the notion of averaging maps. We compare this theorem to results by Moreau (IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control, vol. 50, no. 2, 2005) about set-valued Lyapunov theory and convergence under switching communication topologies. We give examples that point out differences of approaches including examples where Moreau's theorem is not applicable but ours is. Further on, we give examples that demonstrate that the theory of convergence to consensus is still not complete.
description: 5 pages, 2 columns, example added
Automatic CAD-RADS Scoring Using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Denzinger, Felix
name: Wels, Michael
name: Breininger, Katharina
name: Gülsün, Mehmet A.
name: Schöbinger, Max
name: André, Florian
name: Buß, Sebastian
name: Görich, Johannes
name: Sühling, Michael
name: Maier, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) has established its role as a non-invasive modality for the diagnosis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The CAD-Reporting and Data System (CAD-RADS) has been developed to standardize communication and aid in decision making based on CCTA findings. The CAD-RADS score is determined by manual assessment of all coronary vessels and the grading of lesions within the coronary artery tree. We propose a bottom-up approach for fully-automated prediction of this score using deep-learning operating on a segment-wise representation of the coronary arteries. The method relies solely on a prior fully-automated centerline extraction and segment labeling and predicts the segment-wise stenosis degree and the overall calcification grade as auxiliary tasks in a multi-task learning setup. We evaluate our approach on a data collection consisting of 2,867 patients. On the task of identifying patients with a CAD-RADS score indicating the need for further invasive investigation our approach reaches an area under curve (AUC) of 0.923 and an AUC of 0.914 for determining whether the patient suffers from CAD. This level of performance enables our approach to be used in a fully-automated screening setup or to assist diagnostic CCTA reading, especially due to its neural architecture design -- which allows comprehensive predictions.
description: Published at MICCAI 2020
An Earth-Mass Planet and a Brown Dwarf in Orbit Around a White Dwarf
Creators: name: Zhang, Keming
name: Zang, Weicheng
name: El-Badry, Kareem
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Bloom, Joshua S.
name: Agol, Eric
name: Gaudi, B. Scott
name: Konopacky, Quinn
name: LeBaron, Natalie
name: Mao, Shude
name: Terry, Sean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Terrestrial planets born beyond 1-3 AU have been theorized to avoid being engulfed during the red-giant phases of their host stars. Nevertheless, only a few gas-giant planets have been observed around white dwarfs (WDs) -- the end product left behind by a red giant. Here we report on evidence that the lens system that produced the microlensing event KMT-2020-BLG-0414 is composed of a WD orbited by an Earth-mass planet and a brown dwarf (BD) companion, as shown by the non-detection of the lens flux using Keck Adaptive Optics (AO). From microlensing orbital motion constraints, we determine the planet to be a $1.9\pm0.2$ Earth-mass ($M_\oplus$) planet at a physical separation of $2.1\pm0.2$ au from the WD during the event. By considering the system evolutionary history, we determine the BD companion to have a projected separation of 22 au from the WD, and reject an alternative model that places the BD at 0.2 au. Given planetary orbital expansion during the final evolutionary stages of the host star, this Earth-mass planet may have existed in an initial orbit close to 1 au, thereby offering a glimpse into the possible survival of planet Earth in the distant future.
description: Accepted. 25 pages, 7 figures, 4 tables
NGC 5011C: an overlooked dwarf galaxy in the Centaurus A group
Creators: name: Saviane, Ivo
name: Jerjen, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We report the discovery of a previously unnoticed member of the Centaurus A Group, NGC 5011C. While the galaxy is a well known stellar system listed with a NGC number its true identity remained hidden because of coordinate confusion and wrong redshifts in the literature. NGC 5011C attracted our attention since, at a putative distance of 45.3 Mpc, it would be a peculiar object having a very low surface brightness typical of a dwarf galaxy, and at the same time having the size of an early-type spiral or S0 galaxy. To confirm or reject this peculiarity, our immediate objective was to have the first reliable measurement of its recession velocity. The observations were carried out with EFOSC2 at the 3.6m ESO telescope. We found that NGC 5011C has indeed a low redshift of v_sun=647+/-96 km/sec and thus is a nearby dwarf galaxy rather than a member of the distant Centaurus cluster as believed for the past 23 years. Rough distance estimates based on photometric parameters also favor this scenario. As a byproduct of our study we update the redshift for NGC 5011B at v_sun=3227+/-50 km/sec. Applying population synthesis techniques, we find that NGC 5011B has a luminosity-weighted age of 4+/-1 Gyr and a solar metallicity, and that the luminosity-weighted age and metallicity of NGC 5011C are 0.9+/-0.1 Gyr and 1/5 solar. Finally we estimate a stellar mass of NGC 5011C comparable to that of dwarf spheroidal galaxies in the Local Group.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, accepted by the Astronomical Journal
Progress in Solar Cycle Predictions: Sunspot Cycles 24-25 in Perspective
Creators: name: Nandy, Dibyendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamic activity of the Sun -- sustained by a magnetohydrodynamic dynamo mechanism working in its interior -- modulates the electromagnetic, particulate and radiative environment in space. While solar activity variations on short timescale create space weather, slow long-term modulation forms the basis of space climate. Space weather impacts diverse space-reliant technologies while space climate influences planetary atmospheres and climate. Having prior knowledge of the Sun's activity is important in these contexts. However, forecasting solar-stellar magnetic activity has remained an outstanding challenge. In this review, predictions for sunspot cycle 24 and the upcoming cycle 25 are summarized, and critically assessed. The analysis demonstrates that while predictions based on diverse techniques disagree across solar cycles 24--25, physics-based predictions for solar cycle 25 have converged and indicates a weak sunspot cycle 25. It is argued that this convergence in physics-based predictions is indicative of progress in the fundamental understanding of solar cycle predictability. Based on this understanding, resolutions to several outstanding questions related to solar cycle predictions are discussed.
description: Review draft soliciting community feedback. Currently under refereeing. Request comments if any to corresponding author within 15 September 2020
Additional file 2 of Proteome and secretome profiling of zinc availability in Cryptococcus neoformans identifies Wos2 as a subtle influencer of fungal virulence determinants
Creators: name: Ball, B.
name: Woroszchuk, E.
name: Sukumaran, A.
name: West, H.
name: Afaq, A.
name: Carruthers-Lay, D.
name: Muselius, B.
name: Gee, L.
name: Langille, M.
name: Pladwig, S.
name: Kazi, S.
name: Hendriks, A.
name: Geddes-McAlister, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2.
Optimizing Compound Retrieval Systems
Creators: name: Oosterhuis, Harrie
name: Jagerman, Rolf
name: Qin, Zhen
name: Wang, Xuanhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern retrieval systems do not rely on a single ranking model to construct their rankings. Instead, they generally take a cascading approach where a sequence of ranking models are applied in multiple re-ranking stages. Thereby, they balance the quality of the top-K ranking with computational costs by limiting the number of documents each model re-ranks. However, the cascading approach is not the only way models can interact to form a retrieval system.
 We propose the concept of compound retrieval systems as a broader class of retrieval systems that apply multiple prediction models. This encapsulates cascading models but also allows other types of interactions than top-K re-ranking. In particular, we enable interactions with large language models (LLMs) which can provide relative relevance comparisons. We focus on the optimization of compound retrieval system design which uniquely involves learning where to apply the component models and how to aggregate their predictions into a final ranking. This work shows how our compound approach can combine the classic BM25 retrieval model with state-of-the-art (pairwise) LLM relevance predictions, while optimizing a given ranking metric and efficiency target. Our experimental results show optimized compound retrieval systems provide better trade-offs between effectiveness and efficiency than cascading approaches, even when applied in a self-supervised manner.
 With the introduction of compound retrieval systems, we hope to inspire the information retrieval field to more out-of-the-box thinking on how prediction models can interact to form rankings.
description: SIGIR 2025
Very High Energy Observations of Gamma-Ray Burst Locations with the Whipple Telescope
Creators: name: Horan, D.
name: Atkins, R. W.
name: Badran, H. M.
name: Blaylock, G.
name: Bradbury, S. M.
name: Buckley, J. H.
name: Byrum, K. L.
name: Celik, O.
name: Chow, Y. C. K.
name: Cogan, P.
name: Cui, W.
name: Daniel, M. K.
name: Perez, I. de la Calle
name: Dowdall, C.
name: Falcone, A. D.
name: Fegan, D. J.
name: Fegan, S. J.
name: Finley, J. P.
name: Fortin, P.
name: Fortson, L. F.
name: Gillanders, G. H.
name: Grube, J.
name: Gutierrez, K. J.
name: Hall, J.
name: Hanna, D.
name: Holder, J.
name: Hughes, S. B.
name: Humensky, T. B.
name: Kenny, G. E.
name: Kertzman, M.
name: Kieda, D. B.
name: Kildea, J.
name: Krawczynski, H.
name: Krennrich, F.
name: Lang, M. J.
name: LeBohec, S.
name: Maier, G.
name: Moriarty, P.
name: Nagai, T.
name: Ong, R. A.
name: Perkins, J. S.
name: Petry, D.
name: Quinn, J.
name: Quinn, M.
name: Ragan, K.
name: Reynolds, P. T.
name: Rose, H. J.
name: Schroedter, M.
name: Sembroski, G. H.
name: Steele, D.
name: Swordy, S. P.
name: Toner, J. A.
name: Valcarcel, L.
name: Vassiliev, V. V.
name: Wagner, R. G.
name: Wakely, S. P.
name: Weekes, T. C.
name: White, R. J.
name: Williams, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gamma-ray burst (GRB) observations at very high energies (VHE, E > 100 GeV) can impose tight constraints on some GRB emission models. Many GRB afterglow models predict a VHE component similar to that seen in blazars and plerions, in which the GRB spectral energy distribution has a double-peaked shape extending into the VHE regime. VHE emission coincident with delayed X-ray flare emission has also been predicted. GRB follow-up observations have had high priority in the observing program at the Whipple 10m Gamma-ray Telescope and GRBs will continue to be high priority targets as the next generation observatory, VERITAS, comes on-line. Upper limits on the VHE emission, at late times (>~4 hours), from seven GRBs observed with the Whipple Telescope are reported here.
description: Accepted for publication in the January 20, 2007 volume of the Astrophysical Journal, 655, 396
RePlay: a Recommendation Framework for Experimentation and Production Use
Creators: name: Vasilev, Alexey
name: Volodkevich, Anna
name: Kulandin, Denis
name: Bysheva, Tatiana
name: Klenitskiy, Anton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Using a single tool to build and compare recommender systems significantly reduces the time to market for new models. In addition, the comparison results when using such tools look more consistent. This is why many different tools and libraries for researchers in the field of recommendations have recently appeared. Unfortunately, most of these frameworks are aimed primarily at researchers and require modification for use in production due to the inability to work on large datasets or an inappropriate architecture. In this demo, we present our open-source toolkit RePlay - a framework containing an end-to-end pipeline for building recommender systems, which is ready for production use. RePlay also allows you to use a suitable stack for the pipeline on each stage: Pandas, Polars, or Spark. This allows the library to scale computations and deploy to a cluster. Thus, RePlay allows data scientists to easily move from research mode to production mode using the same interfaces.
Selective orbital imaging of excited states with x-ray spectroscopy: the example of $α$-MnS
Creators: name: Amorese, A.
name: Leedahl, B.
name: Sundermann, M.
name: Gretarsson, H.
name: Hu, Z.
name: Lin, H. -J.
name: Chen, C. T.
name: Schmidt, M.
name: Borrmann, H.
name: Grin, Yu.
name: Severing, A.
name: Haverkort, M. W.
name: Tjeng, L. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Herein we show that non-resonant inelastic x-ray scattering involving an $s$ core level is a powerful spectroscopic method to characterize the excited states of transition metal compounds. The spherical charge distribution of the $s$ core hole allows the orientational dependence of the intensities of the various spectral features to produce a spatial charge image of the associated multiplet states in a straightforward manner, thereby facilitating the identification of their orbital character. In addition, the $s$ core hole does not add an extra orbital angular momentum component to the multiplet structure so that the well-established Sugano-Tanabe-Kamimura diagrams can be used for the analysis of the spectra. For $α$-MnS we observe the spherical charge density corresponding to its high spin $3d^5$ ($^6A_1$) ground state configuration and we were able to selectively image its excited states and identify them as $t_{2g}$ ($^5T_2$) and $e_g$ ($^5E$) with an energy splitting $10Dq$ of 0.78\,eV.
Additional file 3 of Proteome and secretome profiling of zinc availability in Cryptococcus neoformans identifies Wos2 as a subtle influencer of fungal virulence determinants
Creators: name: Ball, B.
name: Woroszchuk, E.
name: Sukumaran, A.
name: West, H.
name: Afaq, A.
name: Carruthers-Lay, D.
name: Muselius, B.
name: Gee, L.
name: Langille, M.
name: Pladwig, S.
name: Kazi, S.
name: Hendriks, A.
name: Geddes-McAlister, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3.
Infrared Nebulae Around Young Stellar Objects
Creators: name: Connelley, Michael S.
name: Reipurth, Bo
name: Tokunaga, Alan T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a K-band atlas of 106 reflection nebulae, 41 of which are new discoveries. We observed these nebulae with the UH 2.2 m telescope in the course of an imaging survey of 197 objects that were selected to be nearby young Class I sources. K-band images and flux calibrated surface brightness contour plots of each nebula are presented. We found that the near-IR luminosities and physical sizes of the nebulae increase with the bolometric luminosity of the illuminating sources. Only 22 nebulae, about 10% of these candidate Class I sources, have indications of shocked H_2 emission. The great variety of nebulae that we observed prevented us from classifying them based on morphology. However, we note that as the spectral index decreases, the central star is more frequently visible at K-band and the flux from the central star tends to be dominant over the flux from the nebula. For objects that have a higher spectral index, most of the K-band flux is from the reflection nebula, and the central star is less frequently visible. The nebula around IRAS 05450+0019 has a unique morphology, and we speculate that it may be an example of a disk shadow being projected into the surrounding cloud. We present J, H, and K-band images of this object with surface brightness contours, as well as its SED from 1.2 microns to 100 microns.
description: 79 pages, 33 figures
Additional file 5 of Proteome and secretome profiling of zinc availability in Cryptococcus neoformans identifies Wos2 as a subtle influencer of fungal virulence determinants
Creators: name: Ball, B.
name: Woroszchuk, E.
name: Sukumaran, A.
name: West, H.
name: Afaq, A.
name: Carruthers-Lay, D.
name: Muselius, B.
name: Gee, L.
name: Langille, M.
name: Pladwig, S.
name: Kazi, S.
name: Hendriks, A.
name: Geddes-McAlister, J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5.
Image processing
Creators: name: Chan, Andy Bing-Bill
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, we consider the restoration of multiple grey levels image. The problem is to clean up or restore the dirty picture, that is, to construct an estimate of the true image from a noisy picture of that true image. Following a method proposed by Meloche and Zamar (1994), we estimate the colour at each site by a function of the data available in a neighbourhood of that site. In this approach, the local characteristics of that image, that is, the frequency with which each pattern appears in the true unobserved image are particularly important. We will propose a family of unbiased estimates of the pattern distribution and the noise level which are used in the restoration process. We will use our estimates of the pattern distribution in an attempt to select the best neighbourhood shape for the restoration process.
The nonperturbative closed string tachyon vacuum to high level
Creators: name: Moeller, Nicolas
name: Yang, Haitang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the action of closed bosonic string field theory at quartic order with fields up to level ten. After level four, the value of the potential at the minimum starts oscillating around a nonzero negative value, in contrast with the proposition made in [5]. We try a different truncation scheme in which the value of the potential converges faster with the level. By extrapolating these values, we are able to give a rather precise value for the depth of the potential.
description: 24 pages. v2: typos corrected, clarified extrapolation in scheme B, and added extrapolated tachyon and dilaton vev's at the end of Section 3
The Three Hundred: The existence of massive dark matter-deficient satellite galaxies in cosmological simulations
Creators: name: Contreras-Santos, Ana
name: Buitrago, Fernando
name: Knebe, Alexander
name: Rasia, Elena
name: Pearce, Frazer R.
name: Cui, Weiguang
name: Power, Chris
name: Winstanley, Jordan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The observation of a massive galaxy with an extremely low dark matter content (i.e. NGC 1277) has posed questions about how such objects form and evolve in a hierarchical universe. We here report on the finding of several massive, dark matter-deficient galaxies in a set of 324 galaxy clusters theoretically modelled by means of full-physics hydrodynamical simulations. We first focus on two example galaxies selected amongst the most massive and dark matter-deficient ones. By tracing the evolution of these galaxies, we find that their lack of dark matter is a result of multiple pericentre passages. While orbiting their host halo, tidal interactions gradually strip away dark matter while preserving the stellar component. A statistical analysis of all massive satellite galaxies in the simulated clusters shows that the stellar-to-total mass ratio today is strongly influenced by the number of orbits and the distance at pericentres. Galaxies with more orbits and closer pericentres are more dark matter-deficient. Additionally, we find that massive, dark matter-deficient galaxies at the present day are either the remnants of very massive galaxies at infall or former central galaxies of infalling groups. We conclude that such massive yet dark matter-deficient galaxies exist and are natural by-products of typical cluster galaxy evolution, with no specific requirement for an exotic formation scenario.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics