cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Individual and Social Optima of Rural Land Allocation by Stakeholders: A Case Study on Eco-fragile Areas of Nothern China
Creators: name: Liu, Min
name: Heijman, Wim
name: Zhu, Xueqin
name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Liu, Min
name: Heijman, Wim
name: Zhu, Xueqin
name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Huang, Jikun
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper analyses the degree of divergences among different groups of stakeholders in allocation of the four types of rural land: cultivated, range, forest and other land, and the optimal allocation from the social perspective of balancing economic and ecological benefits. The preference of stakeholders stemming from stakeholders’ different ecological and economic interests on four types of rural land was quantified by the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Weights for stakeholders in the social welfare function were derived for three social-economic scenarios. Welfare economics was employed then to determine the ‘individual’ or ‘private’ optimal allocation of each stakeholder by maximizing its utility function, and social optimal allocation by maximizing the social welfare function. A county located in the eco-fragile areas of Northern China was taken as a case to present the empirical analysis. Our results provide policy insights on how to regulate the divergences and achieve an efficient allocation of rural land.
Handlungsempfehlungen zum Solarkataster Bremen - Ergebnisse einer exemplarischen Überprüfung des Solarkatasters Bremen in Neu-Schwachhausen
Creators: name: Schwarz, Timmy
name: Gerling, Yannick Elias
name: Knies, Jürgen
Publisher: name: Hochschule Bremen
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Solarkataster
subject: Solardachkataster
subject: Energiewende
subject: GIS
subject: 620

description: Zur Beantwortung von Forschungsfragen wird auch im Kontext der energiewende soweit vorhanden auf bereits öffentlich zugängliche Geodaten zurückgegriffen. Im Kontext des Projektes wärmewende Nordwest wurde das Bremer Solardachkataster genutzt. Im Zuge der konkreten Potenzialermittlung eines Beispielquartiers in Bremen (Neu-Schwachhausen) fielen Abweichungen zwischen den Aussagen des Solarkatasters und den realen Gegebenheiten auf. Aus diesem Grund wurde eine systematische Überprüfung im Projektgebiet durchgeführt. So sind Abweichungen hinsichtlich der Eignung auf Grund konkreter, realer Dachsituationen wie Aufbauten und Dachfenster zu Tage getreten. Auch offensichtliche Sanierungserfordernisse bei schlechtem Zustand vereinzelter Dächer konnten beobachtet werden. Als mögliche Gründe wurden verschiedene Ursachen identifiziert, wie bspw. fehlerhaft abgebildete Dachgeometrien, nicht berücksichtigte Dachauf- und -ausbauten sowie irrtümlich als Dachflächen registrierte Dachterrassen und Balkone. Auch wenn Ausreißerwerte und zwischenzeitlich feststellbare, bereits vorhandene PV-/Solarthermieanlagen außer Acht gelassen werden, sind die Unterschiede zwischen den Aussagen des Katasters und real feststellbaren Gegebenheiten signifikant. Dies spricht für eine Aktualisierung und regelmäßige Fortschreibung des Solardachkatasters in Bremen, ggf. sogar mit einer Ergänzung von Informationen durch Hauseigentümerinnen und Hauseigentümer selbst. Ein qualitativ hochwertiges Solarkataster bietet eine verlässliche Beratungsgrundlage für interessierte Bürgerinnen und Bürger. Zugleich stellt dieses eine wichtige Datengrundlage für die strategische Planung der Energiewende in Bremen dar. Es unterstützt damit die kommunale Wärmeplanung, bis hin zu konkreten Quartiersentwicklungen.
Return of the moth: rethinking the effect of climate on insect outbreaks
Creators: name: Büntgen, Ulf
name: Liebhold, Andrew
name: Nievergelt, Daniel
name: Wermelinger, Beat
name: Roques, Alain
name: Reinig, Frederick
name: Krusic, Paul J.
name: Piermattei, Alma
name: Egli, Simon
name: Cherubini, Paolo
name: Esper, Jan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Global Change Ecology–Original Research
European Alps
Dendroecology
Insect outbreaks
North Atlantic Oscillation
Population cycles
Zeiraphera diniana or griseana

description: Abstract: The sudden interruption of recurring larch budmoth (LBM; Zeiraphera diniana or griseana Gn.) outbreaks across the European Alps after 1982 was surprising, because populations had regularly oscillated every 8–9 years for the past 1200 years or more. Although ecophysiological evidence was limited and underlying processes remained uncertain, climate change has been indicated as a possible driver of this disruption. An unexpected, recent return of LBM population peaks in 2017 and 2018 provides insight into this insect’s climate sensitivity. Here, we combine meteorological and dendrochronological data to explore the influence of temperature variation and atmospheric circulation on cyclic LBM outbreaks since the early 1950s. Anomalous cold European winters, associated with a persistent negative phase of the North Atlantic Oscillation, coincide with four consecutive epidemics between 1953 and 1982, and any of three warming-induced mechanisms could explain the system’s failure thereafter: (1) high egg mortality, (2) asynchrony between egg hatch and foliage growth, and (3) upward shifts of outbreak epicentres. In demonstrating that LBM populations continued to oscillate every 8–9 years at sub-outbreak levels, this study emphasizes the relevance of winter temperatures on trophic interactions between insects and their host trees, as well as the importance of separating natural from anthropogenic climate forcing on population behaviour.
MOESM1 of Texture modified diet in German nursing homes: availability, best practices and association with nursing home characteristics
Creators: name: Burger, Carina
name: Kiesswetter, Eva
name: Alber, Rowena
name: Pfannes, Ulrike
name: Arens-Azevedo, Ulrike
name: Volkert, Dorothee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Questionnaire that was used for the survey.Â (DOCX 84 kb)
Dual wavefunctions in two-dimensional quantum mechanics
Creators: name: Hojman, Sergio A.
name: Asenjo, Felipe A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that the Schrodinger equation for a large family of pairs of two-dimensional quantum potentials possess wavefuctions for which the amplitude and the phase are interchangeable, producing two different solutions which are dual to each other. This is a property of solutions with vanishing Bohm potential. These solutions can be extended to three-dimensional systems. We explicitly calculate dual solutions for physical systems, such as the repulsive harmonic oscillator and the two-dimensional hydrogen atom. These dual wavefunctions are also solutions of an analogue optical system in the eikonal limit. In this case, the potential is related to the refractive index, allowing the study of this two-dimensional dual wavefunction solutions with an optical (analogue) system.
Tragedy of the commons or tragedy of privatisation? The impact of land tenure reform on grassland condition in Inner Mongolia, China
Creators: name: Liu, Min
name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Heijman, Wim
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Deng, Xiangzheng
name: Liu, Min
name: Dries, Liesbeth
name: Heijman, Wim
name: Huang, Jikun
name: Deng, Xiangzheng
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: land tenure
subject: private use
subject: grassland condition
subject: fixed effects
subject: panel data

description: This paper analyses the degree of divergences among different groups of stakeholders in allocation of the four types of rural land: cultivated, range, forest and other land, and the optimal allocation from the social perspective of balancing economic and ecological benefits. The preference of stakeholders stemming from stakeholders’ different ecological and economic interests on four types of rural land was quantified by the Analytic Hierarchy Process. Weights for stakeholders in the social welfare function were derived for three social-economic scenarios. Welfare economics was employed then to determine the ‘individual’ or ‘private’ optimal allocation of each stakeholder by maximizing its utility function, and social optimal allocation by maximizing the social welfare function. A county located in the eco-fragile areas of Northern China was taken as a case to present the empirical analysis. Our results provide policy insights on how to regulate the divergences and achieve an efficient allocation of rural land.
1WGAJ1216.9+3743: Chandra Finds an Extremely Steep Ultraluminous X-ray Source
Creators: name: Cagnoni, I.
name: Turolla, R.
name: Treves, A.
name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Kim, D. W.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Celotti, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of a new ultraluminous X-ray source (ULX) in the nearby galaxy NGC 4244 from Chandra archival data. The source, 1WGAJ1216.9+3743, is one of the least luminous and softest ULXs discovered so far. Its X-ray spectrum is the best available for a representative of the soft ULXs, a class of sources recently discovered by Chandra and XMM-Newton. 1WGAJ1216.9+3742 appears point-like in the Chandra image and has a complex spectral shape: a multicolor disk model, suitable for brighter ULXs, is inadequate for this source. 1WGAJ1216.9+3743 spectrum is heavily absorbed (NH ~ (1-4)E21 cm^-2),and very soft. The best-fit power-law model gives a photon index ~ 5 and implies a luminosity L(0.5-10 keV) ~ 1E39 erg/s. A comparison with previous detections shows that, despite the variability displayed by the source during the Chandra observation, 1WGAJ1216.9+3743 count rate, spectral shape and absorption are practically unchange over a 9-year period. We performed also deep optical imaging of the field containing the X-ray source, and found a possible R ~ 23.7 counterpart.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, emulateapj5 style, accepted version, scheduled for ApJ v582 n2 January 10, 2003 issue
Is fertilizer use really suboptimnal in sub-Saharan Africa? The case of rice in Nigeria
Creators: name: Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis
name: Liverpool-Tasie, Lenis
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Fertilizer profitability
subject: rice
subject: marginal physical product
subject: political economy
subject: Nigeria
subject: Africa

description: This article revisits a conventional wisdom that inorganic fertilizer use across sub Saharan Africa is too low. This assumes that it is profitable to use rates higher than observed. The paper exploits the political economy of fertilizer access in Nigeria to obtain consistent estimates of the effects of applied nitrogen on rice production. We find the yield response to applied nitrogen to be marginal in the main rice growing farming system. Farmer behavior is not inconsistent with profitability which is limited by a low yield response to fertilizer, high transportation costs and low selling prices for rice in rural areas.
MOESM2 of Texture modified diet in German nursing homes: availability, best practices and association with nursing home characteristics
Creators: name: Burger, Carina
name: Kiesswetter, Eva
name: Alber, Rowena
name: Pfannes, Ulrike
name: Arens-Azevedo, Ulrike
name: Volkert, Dorothee
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 2: Table containing the availability of the different combinations of TM-levels.Â (DOCX 12 kb)
Farmres' Perceived Cost of Land Use restrictions: A Simulated Purchasing Decision Using Dscrete Choice Experiments
Creators: name: Lizin, Sebastien
name: Van Passel, Steven
name: Schreurs, Eloi
name: Lizin, Sebastien
name: Van Passel, Steven
name: Schreurs, Eloi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Land Economics/Use

description: This paper reports on the findings from discrete choice experiments designed to estimate farmers’ perceived costs of land use restrictions, i.e. crop restrictions, additional fertilizing restrictions, and usage restrictions, as opposed to having no such restrictions. To this end, hypothetical land purchasing decisions were simulated based on the information about productivity, lot size, distance to other land, driving time to home, land use restrictions, and price. Farmers from the Campine area (Belgium) were invited to participate in the survey as the agricultural land in this region still faces the effects of historical heavy metal contamination resulting in crop restrictions. For identical pieces of land, we estimate the perceived cost, calculated as a change in the consumer surplus due to having a land use restriction, to be about 46,000 €/ha for the crop restriction, 50,000 €/ha for the usage restriction, and 70,000 €/ha for the fertilizing restrictions.
Harmonic analysis on the infinite-dimensional unitary group and determinantal point processes
Creators: name: Borodin, Alexei
name: Olshanski, Grigori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The infinite-dimensional unitary group U(infinity) is the inductive limit of growing compact unitary groups U(N). In this paper we solve a problem of harmonic analysis on U(infinity) stated in the previous paper math/0109193. The problem consists in computing spectral decomposition for a remarkable 4-parameter family of characters of U(infinity). These characters generate representations which should be viewed as analogs of nonexisting regular representation of U(infinity). The spectral decomposition of a character of U(infinity) is described by the spectral measure which lives on an infinite-dimensional space Omega of indecomposable characters. The key idea which allows us to solve the problem is to embed Omega into the space of point configurations on the real line without 2 points. This turns the spectral measure into a stochastic point process on the real line. The main result of the paper is a complete description of the processes corresponding to our concrete family of characters. We prove that each of the processes is a determinantal point process. That is, its correlation functions have determinantal form with a certain kernel. Our kernels have a special `integrable' form and are expressed through the Gauss hypergeometric function. In simpler situations of harmonic analysis on infinite symmetric group and harmonic analysis of unitarily invariant measures on infinite hermitian matrices similar results were obtained in our papers math/9810015, math/9904010, math-ph/0010015.
description: AMSTeX, 88 pages
Inhibiting Mycobacterium tuberculosis CoaBC by targeting an allosteric site
Creators: name: Mendes, Vitor
name: Green, Simon R.
name: Evans, Joanna C.
name: Hess, Jeannine
name: Blaszczyk, Michal
name: Spry, Christina
name: Bryant, Owain
name: Cory-Wright, James
name: Chan, Daniel S-H.
name: Torres, Pedro H. M.
name: Wang, Zhe
name: Nahiyaan, Navid
name: O’Neill, Sandra
name: Damerow, Sebastian
name: Post, John
name: Bayliss, Tracy
name: Lynch, Sasha L.
name: Coyne, Anthony G.
name: Ray, Peter C.
name: Abell, Chris
name: Rhee, Kyu Y.
name: Boshoff, Helena I. M.
name: Barry, Clifton E.
name: Mizrahi, Valerie
name: Wyatt, Paul G.
name: Blundell, Tom L.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/45/607
/631/154
/631/535/1266
/82/83
/145
/45/41
/49/98
article

description: Funder: Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation)
description: Abstract: Coenzyme A (CoA) is a fundamental co-factor for all life, involved in numerous metabolic pathways and cellular processes, and its biosynthetic pathway has raised substantial interest as a drug target against multiple pathogens including Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The biosynthesis of CoA is performed in five steps, with the second and third steps being catalysed in the vast majority of prokaryotes, including M. tuberculosis, by a single bifunctional protein, CoaBC. Depletion of CoaBC was found to be bactericidal in M. tuberculosis. Here we report the first structure of a full-length CoaBC, from the model organism Mycobacterium smegmatis, describe how it is organised as a dodecamer and regulated by CoA thioesters. A high-throughput biochemical screen focusing on CoaB identified two inhibitors with different chemical scaffolds. Hit expansion led to the discovery of potent and selective inhibitors of M. tuberculosis CoaB, which we show to bind to a cryptic allosteric site within CoaB.
Rejoinder on: Minimal penalties and the slope heuristics: a survey
Creators: name: Arlot, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This text is the rejoinder following the discussion of a survey paper about minimal penalties and the slope heuristics (Arlot, 2019. Minimal penalties and the slope heuristics: a survey. Journal de la SFDS). While commenting on the remarks made by the discussants, it provides two new results about the slope heuristics for model selection among a collection of projection estimators in least-squares fixed-design regression. First, we prove that the slope heuristics works even when all models are significantly biased. Second, when the noise is Gaussian with a general dependence structure, we compute expectations of key quantities, showing that the slope heuristics certainly is valid in this setting also.
A common protocol for the simultaneous processing of multiple clinically relevant bacterial species for whole genome sequencing
Creators: name: Raven, Kathy E.
name: Girgis, Sophia T.
name: Akram, Asha
name: Blane, Beth
name: Leek, Danielle
name: Brown, Nicholas
name: Peacock, Sharon J.
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/631/208/325/2482
/692/699/255/1318
/692/700/478
/631/326
/631/337
article

description: Abstract: Whole-genome sequencing is likely to become increasingly used by local clinical microbiology laboratories, where sequencing volume is low compared with national reference laboratories. Here, we describe a universal protocol for simultaneous DNA extraction and sequencing of numerous different bacterial species, allowing mixed species sequence runs to meet variable laboratory demand. We assembled test panels representing 20 clinically relevant bacterial species. The DNA extraction process used the QIAamp mini DNA kit, to which different combinations of reagents were added. Thereafter, a common protocol was used for library preparation and sequencing. The addition of lysostaphin, lysozyme or buffer ATL (a tissue lysis buffer) alone did not produce sufficient DNA for library preparation across the species tested. By contrast, lysozyme plus lysostaphin produced sufficient DNA across all 20 species. DNA from 15 of 20 species could be extracted from a 24-h culture plate, while the remainder required 48–72 h. The process demonstrated 100% reproducibility. Sequencing of the resulting DNA was used to recapitulate previous findings for species, outbreak detection, antimicrobial resistance gene detection and capsular type. This single protocol for simultaneous processing and sequencing of multiple bacterial species supports low volume and rapid turnaround time by local clinical microbiology laboratories.
Common Shocks, Uncommon Effects: Food Price Inflation across the EU
Creators: name: Lloyd, Tim
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Zvogu, Evious
name: Lloyd, Tim
name: McCorriston, Steve
name: Zvogu, Evious
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: Food Inflation
subject: Structural Vector Autoregressive Models
subject: Commodity Pass-Through

description: Against the backdrop of recent price spikes on world commodity markets, retail food inflation has varied considerably across EU Member States despite the existence of a range of common policies and, for some Member States, a common currency. In this paper, we investigate the extent and potential causes of the differences in the experience of food inflation through the lens of a single welldefined product chain in 11 EU Member States. Using a structural VAR framework, we find that the contribution of world prices to the behaviour of retail bread prices shows significant differences across the EU Member States we cover. Differences in the functioning of the food sector (particularly barriers to competition and vertical control) appear to be correlated with the role played world prices, highlighting the importance of such structural features in commodity price transmission.
Carnot cycle for an oscillator
Creators: name: Arnaud, J.
name: Chusseau, L.
name: Philippe, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Carnot established in 1824 that the efficiency of cyclic engines operating between a hot bath at absolute temperature $T_{hot}$ and a bath at a lower temperature $T_{cold}$ cannot exceed $1-T_{cold}/T_{hot}$. We show that linear oscillators alternately in contact with hot and cold baths obey this principle in the quantum as well as in the classical regime. The expression of the work performed is derived from a simple prescription. Reversible and non-reversible cycles are illustrated. The paper begins with historical considerations and is essentially self-contained.
description: 19 pages, 3 figures, sumitted to European Journal of Physics Changed content: Fluctuations are considered
Report: Counting spectacled eiders in the Bering Sea in low sea ice conditions and summary of previous winter surveys
Creators: name: Rizzolo, Daniel
name: Stellrecht, Neesha
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2021
Subjects: biota, environment, eiders, Spectacled Eiders, monitoring, Population and Habitat Evaluation/Projection

description: This USFWS internal report describes the problem of surveying spectacled eiders on their wintering area under conditions of low sea. Low sea ice conditions are not amenable to the photographic census approached used in previous winter surveys because flocks of eiders are too large and difficult to photograph when not confined by openings in the sea ice. This report was written to inform a discussion between personnel in Ecological Services in Fairbanks and Migratory Bird Management in Anchorage of an alternative photographic sampling approach similar to what the Migratory Bird Management program uses with Black Brant Geese along the Alaska Peninsula. This report does not develop or describe the photo sampling approach, it only describes the problem. This report also summarizes all past winter survey (exploratory surveys and quantitative surveys) conducted by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Services based on project reports written by Bill Larned.
R output final counts: tabulation of total SPEI observed during March 2020 aerial survey
Creators: name: Rizzolo, Daniel
name: Stellrecht, Neesha
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2021
Subjects: biota, environment, eiders, Spectacled Eiders, monitoring, Population and Habitat Evaluation/Projection

description: Output from script for Program R (version 3.6.1) file &quot;count_SPEI_winter_survey2020_20210707.R&quot; that includes summaries of: image resolution categories, spectacled eider counts (in CVAT photos, ImageJ photos, Visual counts, Overall total), spectacled eider lock size , percent white plumage spectacled eider by flock and averaged across flocks.
Prediction of Protein Secondary Structures From Conformational Biases
Creators: name: Hoang, Trinh Xuan
name: Cieplak, Marek
name: Banavar, Jayanth R.
name: Maritan, Amos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We use LINUS, a procedure developed by Srinivasan and Rose, to provide a physical interpretation of and to predict the secondary structures of proteins. The secondary structure type at a given site is identified by the largest conformational bias during short time simulations. We examine the rate of successful prediction as a function of temperature and the interaction window. At high temperatures, there is a large propensity for the establishment of $β$-strands whereas $α$-helices appear only when the temperature is lower than a certain threshold value. It is found that there exists an optimal temperature at which the correct secondary structures are predicted most accurately. We find that this temperature is close to the peak temperature of the specific heat. Changing the interaction window or carrying out longer simulations approaching equilibrium lead to little change in the optimal success rate. Our findings are in accord with the observation by Srinivasan and Rose that the secondary structures are mainly determined by local interactions and they appear in the early stage of folding.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures, to appear in Proteins
Shifting uncertainty intolerance: methylphenidate and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
Creators: name: Mandali, Alekhya
name: Sethi, Arjun
name: Cercignani, Mara
name: Harrison, Neil A.
name: Voon, Valerie
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/692/53/2423
/631/477/2811
/692/699/476/1311
article

description: Abstract: Risk evaluation is a critical component of decision making. Risk tolerance is relevant in both daily decisions and pathological disorders such as attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), where impulsivity is a cardinal symptom. Methylphenidate, a commonly prescribed drug in ADHD, improves attention but has mixed reports on risk-based decision making. Using a double-blinded placebo protocol, we studied the risk attitudes of ADHD patients and age-matched healthy volunteers while performing the 2-step sequential learning task and examined the effect of methylphenidate on their choices. We then applied a novel computational analysis using the hierarchical drift–diffusion model to extract parameters such as threshold (‘a’—amount of evidence accumulated before making a decision), drift rate (‘v’—information processing speed) and response bias (‘z’ apriori bias towards a specific choice) focusing specifically on risky choice preference. Critically, we show that ADHD patients on placebo have an apriori bias towards risky choices compared to controls. Furthermore, methylphenidate enhanced preference towards risky choices (higher apriori bias) in both groups but had a significantly greater effect in the patient population independent of clinical scores. Thus, methylphenidate appears to shift tolerance towards risky uncertain choices possibly mediated by prefrontal dopaminergic and noradrenergic modulation. We emphasise the utility of computational models in detecting underlying processes. Our findings have implications for subtle yet differential effects of methylphenidate on ADHD compared to healthy population.
On some distributed scheduling algorithms for wireless networks with hypergraph interference models
Creators: name: Ganesan, Ashwin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: It is shown that the performance of the maximal scheduling algorithm in wireless ad hoc networks under the hypergraph interference model can be further away from optimal than previously known. The exact worst-case performance of this distributed, greedy scheduling algorithm is analyzed.
description: IEEE Transactions on Information Theory, accepted/to appear
Standard Operating Procedure: 2020 spectacled eider winter survey
Creators: name: Rizzolo, Daniel
name: Stellrecht, Neesha
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2021
Subjects: biota, environment, eiders, Spectacled Eiders, monitoring, Population and Habitat Evaluation/Projection

description: To determine winter population size and late winter distribution, we conducted an aerial survey of the Bering Sea wintering area of Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri). This document describes methods used during the March 2020 aerial survey.
The N-terminal Acetylation of α-Synuclein Changes the Affinity for Lipid Membranes but not the Structural Properties of the Bound State
Creators: name: Runfola, Matteo
name: De Simone, Alfonso
name: Vendruscolo, Michele
name: Dobson, Christopher M.
name: Fusco, Giuliana
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Article
/631/45/470/2284
/631/45/535/878
/82/6
article

description: Funder: Centre for Misfolding Diseases
description: Funder: Parkinson's UK
description: Funder: Cambridge University | St. John's College, University of Cambridge Centre for Misfolding Diseases
description: Abstract: The aggregation of α-synuclein (αS), a protein abundant at presynaptic terminals, is associated with a range of highly debilitating neurodegenerative conditions, including Parkinson’s disease (PD), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) and multiple system atrophy (MSA). Emerging evidence indicates that the interaction of αS with lipid membranes defines both its physiological function and pathological effects. The characterisation of the modes of membrane binding by αS is therefore crucial to clarify the balance between normal and aberrant behaviour of this protein. Here we used solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) spectroscopy to probe the nature of the N-terminally acetylated form of αS (NTAc-αS) bound to synaptic-like lipid vesicles. This post-translational modification is prevalent for the physiological form of αS and modulates the binding to lipid bilayers. By probing the structure, dynamics and membrane topology of NTAc-αS, we found that N-terminal acetylation does not alter significantly the conformational and topological properties of the membrane-bound state of αS, despite increasing its propensity for binding. Taken together, our data and previous characterisations of the cytosolic state of NTAc-αS clarify that the role of the N-terminal acetylation is to regulate the binding affinity of αS for synaptic vesicles without altering the structural properties of the bound state.
Simultaneous individual and dipolar collective properties in binary assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles
Creators: name: Sánchez, Elena H.
name: Vasilakaki, Marianna
name: Lee, Su Seong
name: Normile, Peter S.
name: Muscas, Giuseppe
name: Murgia, Massimiliano
name: Andersson, Mikael S.
name: Singh, Gurvinder
name: Mathieu, Roland
name: Nordblad, Per
name: Ricci, Pier Carlo
name: Peddis, Davide
name: Trohidou, Kalliopi N.
name: Nogués, Josep
name: De Toro, José A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applications based on aggregates of magnetic nanoparticles are becoming increasingly widespread, ranging from hyperthermia to magnetic recording. However, although some uses require a collective behavior, other need a more individual-like response, the conditions leading to either of these behaviors are still poorly understood. Here we use nanoscale-uniform binary random dense mixtures with different proportions of oxide magnetic nanoparticles with low$/$high anisotropy as a valuable tool to explore the crossover from individual to collective behavior. Two different anisotropy scenarios have been studied in two series of binary compacts: M1, comprising maghemite ($γ$-Fe$_2$O$_3$) nanoparticles of different sizes (9.0 nm $/$ 11.5 nm) with barely a factor of 2 between their anisotropy energies and M2, mixing equally-sized pure maghemite (low-anisotropy) and Co-doped maghemite (high-anisotropy) nanoparticles with a large difference in anisotropy energy (ratio $>$ 8). Interestingly, while the M1 series exhibits collective behavior typical of strongly-coupled dipolar systems, the M2 series presents a more complex scenario where different magnetic properties resemble either "individual-like" or "collective", crucially emphasizing that the collective character must be ascribed to specific properties and not to the system as a whole. The strong differences between the two series, offer new insight (systematically ratified by simulations) into the subtle interplay between dipolar interactions, local anisotropy and sample heterogeneity, to determine the behavior of dense assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles.
description: 43 pages, 8 figures, 1 table; submitted to "Chemistry of Materials" on 14-Aug-2019 (Manuscript ID: cm-2019-032685); status on 30-Sept-2019: still under review
Field-Induced Magnetic Ordering in the Quantum Spin System KCuCl$_3$
Creators: name: Oosawa, A.
name: Takamasu, T.
name: Tatani, K.
name: Abe, H.
name: Tsujii, N.
name: Suzuki, O.
name: Tanaka, H.
name: Kido, G.
name: Kindo, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: KCuCl$_3$ is a three-dimensional coupled spin-dimer system and has a singlet ground state with an excitation gap $Δ/k_{\rm B}=31$ K. High-field magnetization measurements for KCuCl$_3$ have been performed in static magnetic fields of up to 30 T and in pulsed magnetic fields of up to 60 T. The entire magnetization curve including the saturation region was obtained at $T=1.3$ K. From the analysis of the magnetization curve, it was found that the exchange parameters determined from the dispersion relations of the magnetic excitations should be reduced, which suggests the importance of the renormalization effect in the magnetic excitations. The field-induced magnetic ordering accompanied by the cusplike minimum of the magnetization was observed as in the isomorphous compound TlCuCl$_3$. The phase boundary was almost independent of the field direction, and is represented by the power law. These results are consistent with the magnon Bose-Einstein condensation picture for field-induced magnetic ordering.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 9 eps files, revtex style
MOESM2 of Enhancing community preparedness: an inventory and analysis of disaster citizen science activities
Creators: name: Ramya Chari
name: Sayers, Elizabeth Petrun
name: Sohaela Amiri
name: Leinhos, Mary
name: Kotzias, Virginia
name: Madrigano, Jaime
name: Thomas, Erin
name: Carbone, Eric
name: Uscher-Pines, Lori
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Search terms employed in peer-reviewed literature database searches.
IFOP Study of Public Opinion
Creators: name: Institut Francais D'Opinion Publique
Publisher: name: Roper Center for Public Opinion Research
Year: 2022

description: Political figures (1); Mr. Chirac's government and Mr. Jean-Jacques Servan-Schreiber's exclusion (1); legislative elections (1); the Palestinian Liberation Organization (2); liquidation of the State of Israel (1); Palestinian commandos (2); sun creams (2); nudity at beaches (1); beer (3).
Uncomputability of Phase Diagrams
Creators: name: Bausch, Johannes
name: Cubitt, Toby S.
name: Watson, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 03D35, 68Q17, 81V70, 82B26

description: The phase diagram of a material is of central importance to describe the properties and behaviour of a condensed matter system. We prove that the general task of determining the quantum phase diagram of a many-body Hamiltonian is uncomputable, by explicitly constructing a one-parameter family of Hamiltonians for which this is the case. This work builds off recent results from Cubitt et al. and Bausch et al., proving undecidability of the spectral gap problem. However, in all previous constructions, the Hamiltonian was necessarily a discontinuous function of its parameters, making it difficult to derive rigorous implications for phase diagrams or related condensed matter questions. Our main technical contribution is to prove undecidability of the spectral gap for a continuous, single-parameter family of translationally invariant, nearest-neighbour spin-lattice Hamiltonians on a 2D square lattice: $H(φ)$ where $φ\in \mathbb R$. As well as implying uncomputablity of phase diagrams, our result also proves that undecidability can hold for a set of positive measure of a Hamiltonian's parameter space, whereas previous results only implied undecidability on a zero measure set.
description: 63 pages, 6 figures
Selection Games on Continuous Functions
Creators: name: Caruvana, Christopher
name: Holshouser, Jared
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Topology (math.GN)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 54C35, 54D20

description: In this paper we study the selection principle of closed discrete selection, first researched by Tkachuk in [13] and strengthened by Clontz, Holshouser in [3], in set-open topologies on the space of continuous real-valued functions. Adapting the techniques involving point-picking games on \(X\) and \(C_p(X)\), the current authors showed similar equivalences in [1] involving the compact subsets of \(X\) and \(C_k(X)\). By pursuing a bitopological setting, we have touched upon a unifying framework which involves three basic techniques: general game duality via reflections (Clontz), general game equivalence via topological connections, and strengthening of strategies (Pawlikowski and Tkachuk). Moreover, we develop a framework which identifies topological notions to match with generalized versions of the point-open game.
description: 21 page, 4 figures
Heat and Charge Transport Properties of MgB2
Creators: name: Schneider, Matthias
name: Lipp, Dieter
name: Gladun, Alexander
name: Zahn, Peter
name: Handstein, Axel
name: Fuchs, Guenter
name: Drechsler, Stefan-Ludwig
name: Richter, Manuel
name: Mueller, Karl-Hartmut
name: Rosner, Helge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A polycrystalline sample of the MgB_2 superconductor was investigated by measurements of the electrical resistivity, the thermopower and the thermal conductivity in the temperature range between 1.8K and 300K in zero magnetic field. The electrical resistivity shows a superconducting transition at T_c=38.7K and, similarly to borocarbides, a T^2.4 behaviour up to 200K. The electron diffusion thermopower and its bandstructure-derived value indicate the dominant hole character of the charge carriers. The total thermopower can be explained by the diffusion term renormalized by a significant electron-phonon interaction and a phonon drag term. In the thermal conductivity, for decreasing temperature, a significant decrease below T_c is observed resulting in a T^3 behaviour below 7K. The reduced Lorenz number exhibits values smaller than 1 and a characteristic minimum which resembles the behaviour of non-magnetic borocarbides.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures; added references and minor changes; accepted for publication in Physica C
A modified Delphi study to identify the features of high quality measurement plans for healthcare improvement projects
Creators: name: Woodcock, Thomas
name: Adeleke, Yewande
name: Goeschel, Christine
name: Pronovost, Peter
name: Dixon-Woods, Mary
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2020
Subjects: Research Article
Data collection, quality, and reporting
Measurement
Quality improvement
Quality measurement
Delphi technique

description: Funder: The Health Foundation
description: Funder: National Institute for Health Research
description: Abstract: Background: The design and execution of measurement in quality improvement (QI) initiatives is often poor. Better guidance on “what good looks like” might help to mitigate some of the problems. We report a consensus-building process that sought to identify which features are important to include in QI measurement plans. Methods: We conducted a three-stage consensus-building approach: (1) identifying the list of features of measurement plans that were potential candidates for inclusion based on literature review and the study team’s experience; (2) a two-round modified Delphi exercise with a panel of experts to establish consensus on the importance of these features; and (3) a small in-person consensus group meeting to finalise the list of features. Results: A list of 104 candidate questions was generated. A panel of 19 experts in the Delphi reviewed these questions and produced consensus on retaining 46 questions in the first round and on a further 22 in the second round. Thematic analysis of open text responses from the panellists suggested a number of areas of debate that were explicitly considered by the consensus group. The exercise yielded 74 questions (71% of 104) on which there was consensus in five categories of measurement relating to: design, data collection and management, analysis, action, and embedding. Conclusions: This study offers a consensus-based view on the features of a good measurement plan for a QI project in healthcare. The results may be of use to QI teams, funders and evaluators, but are likely to require further development and testing to ensure feasibility and usefulness.
Transition rates via Bethe ansatz for the spin-1/2 Heisenberg chain
Creators: name: Biegel, Daniel
name: Karbach, Michael
name: Muller, Gerhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the exact determinantal representation derived by Kitanine, Maillet, and Terras for matrix elements of local spin operators between Bethe wave functions of the one-dimensional s=1/2 Heisenberg model to calculate and numerically evaluate transition rates pertaining to dynamic spin structure factors. For real solutions z_1,...,z_r of the Bethe ansatz equations, the size of the determinants is of order r x r. We present applications to the zero-temperature spin fluctuations parallel and perpendicular to an external magnetic field.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures and LaTeX-svjour class
title: HERBERT KUNTZE
title: 8. Februar 1930 bis 29. Mai 1995
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Blankenburg, Joachim
name: Scheffer, Bernhard
Publisher: name: FID GEO
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: 553.21
subject: Moor
subject: Torf
subject: Nachruf
subject: obituary
subject: FID-GEO-DE-7

description: In memoriam Prof. Dr. Herbert Kuntze (8. Februar 1930 bis 29. Mai 1995).
Standard Operating Procedure: Annotating digital photographs to count spectacled eiders using ImageJ and CVAT software
Creators: name: Rizzolo, Daniel
name: Stellrecht, Neesha
Publisher: name: U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Year: 2021
Subjects: biota, environment, eiders, Spectacled Eiders, monitoring, Population and Habitat Evaluation/Projection

description: To determine winter population size and late winter distribution, we conducted an aerial survey of the Bering Sea wintering area of Spectacled Eiders (Somateria fischeri). During the aerial survey, the photographer (Timothy Bowman) took oblique photographs of 85 flocks. A subset of the best quality digital images were used for annotation and counting in digital image annotation software. Digital image files taken during the aerial survey (JPG format) were annotated using either ImageJ or Computer Vision Annotation Tool (CVAT) software, respectively. This document describes how to identify and annotate targets of interest (birds and mammals, with the primary focus on spectacled eiders) in digital photos using ImageJ and CVAT software.
MOESM1 of Vaccination or mass drug administration against schistosomiasis: a hypothetical cost-effectiveness modelling comparison
Creators: name: Collyer, Benjamin
name: Turner, Hugo
name: T. Hollingsworth
name: Keeling, Matt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Egg output data. Normalised mean egg output from our transition model at equilibrium (red, shaded area represents 95% credible interval) and empirical data from Matithini, Kenya [48, 55]. Table S1. Worldwide distribution of schistosomiasis; countries requiring preventative chemotherapy (2016) and their GDP per capita for production of weighted mean GDP per capita used to generate costs [56]. Table S2. Parameters and values used to estimate MDA programme costs, generated from median values in Fitzpatrick et al. study [50, 52]. GDP per capita value is the mean GDP per capita across countries with endemic schistosomiasis weighted by population (see Table S1). Figure S2. High transmission setting: incremental cost-effectiveness diagrams across differing vaccine protection lengths (columns) and relative vaccination costs (rows), for MDA and vaccination-based strategies (points). Radial gridlines (grey) indicate equal cost-efficacy (i.e. the same number of infection years averted per dollar). The cost per vaccination represents the full course of vaccine (not per dose and including delivery). Figure S3. High transmission setting: incremental cost-effectiveness diagrams across differing vaccine protection lengths (columns) and relative vaccination costs (rows), for MDA and vaccination-based strategies (points). Radial gridlines (grey) indicate equal cost-efficacy (i.e. the same number of infection years averted per dollar). The cost per vaccination represents the full course of vaccine (not per dose and including delivery).
Clustering Evolution Between z=1 And Today
Creators: name: Phleps, S.
name: Meisenheimer, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an investigation of clustering evolution of field galaxies between a redshift of z\~1 and the present epoch. The current analysis relies on a sample of ~14000 galaxies in two fields of the COMBO-17 survey. The redshift distribution extends to z~1.1. The amplitude of the three-dimensional correlation function can be estimated by means of the projected correlation function w(r_p). The validity of the deprojection was tested on the Las Campanas Redshift Survey (LCRS). In a flat cosmology with non-zero cosmological constant for bright galaxies (M_B
description: Proceedings of "The Evolution of Galaxies III. From Simple Approaches to Self-Consistent Models", a conference held in Kiel, Germany, July 16-20, 2002