cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Synthesis and characterization of novel biosourced building blocks from isosorbide
Creators: name: M’sahel, Malek
name: Elmahdi, Ayoub
name: Medimagh, Raouf
name: Drockenmuller, Eric
name: Mongia Said Zina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: New biosourced unprotected diols were prepared by acylation reaction of aminoalcohol based on 1,4:3,6-dianhydrosorbitol (Isosorbide Is) with several aliphatic and aromatic diacyl chlorides (sebacoyl, adipoyl, and terephthaloyl). Optimization of reaction conditions (solvent, base nature, and addition mode) has been investigated with protected alcohols. The use of hindered bases was needful to ensure the selectivity of the addition reaction when starting from unprotected aminoalcohol, and selectively led to bis amides products with good yields. 1D and 2D NMR techniques were used to ascertain the structures of the unprecedented monomers. These novel building blocks were successfully polymerized using succinic and terephthalic spacers and studied by NMR and DSC techniques.
The effects of molecular weight and thermal decomposition on the sensitivity of a thermal desorption aerosol mass spectrometer
Creators: name: D. M. Murphy
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Science Policy

description: In free molecular flow the slower speed of heavier molecules means that they spend more time in the ion source of a mass spectrometer. Hence the sensitivity of the thermal desorption mass spectrometers such as the Aerodyne Aerosol Mass Spectrometer (AMS) should include a term that scales as the square root of the molecular weight. Thermal decomposition on the vaporizer reduces the molecular weight prior to ionization and changes electron impact cross-sections. Thermal decomposition therefore has the potential to change the sensitivity, in some cases by more than a factor of three. Current AMS calibrations that rely upon an ammonium nitrate calibration and scaling for other components with a relative ionization efficiency may overestimate the concentration of large, thermally stable molecules and underestimate small or thermally unstable molecules. The overall sensitivity of the AMS to organics includes a partial cancellation of these effects. There is an incomplete understanding of the vaporization process, including that of ammonium nitrate.
Supporting information from Scared to evolve? Non-consumptive effects drive rapid adaptive evolution in a natural prey population
Creators: name: Zhang, Chao
name: Goitom, Eyerusalem
name: Brans, Kristien
name: De Meester, Luc
name: Stoks, Robby
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology

description: The detailed methods and some results were shown in the supporting information.
Insight into the interaction of antitubercular and anticancer compound clofazimine with human serum albumin: spectroscopy and molecular modelling
Creators: name: Ajmal, Mohammad Rehan
name: Zaidi, Nida
name: Alam, Parvez
name: Nusrat, Saima
name: Mohd Khursheed Siddiqi
name: Badr, Gamal
name: Mahmoud, Mohamed H.
name: Khan, Rizwan Hasan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The binding of clofazimine to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by applying optical spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence quenching data revealed that clofazimine binds to protein with binding constant in the order of 104 M−1, and with the increase in temperature, Stern–Volmer quenching constants gradually decreased indicating quenching mode to be static. The UV–visible spectra showed increase in absorbance upon interaction of HSA with clofazimine which further reveals formation of the drug–albumin complex. Thermodynamic parameters obtained from fluorescence data indicate that the process is exothermic and spontaneous. Forster distance (Ro) obtained from fluorescence resonance energy transfer is found to be 2.05 nm. Clofazimine impelled rise in α-helical structure in HSA as observed from far-UV CD spectra while there are minor alterations in tertiary structure of the protein. Clofazimine interacts strongly with HSA inducing secondary structure in the protein and slight alterations in protein topology as suggested by dynamic light scattering results. Moreover, docking results indicate that clofazimine binds to hydrophobic pocket near to the drug site II in HSA.
Production of a YY Male Brook Trout Broodstock for Potential Eradication of Undesired Brook Trout Populations
Creators: name: Schill, Daniel J.
name: Heindel, Jeff A.
name: Campbell, Matthew R.
name: Meyer, Kevin A.
name: Mamer, Elizabeth R. J. M.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Brook Trout Salvelinus fontinalis introduced outside of their native range often negatively impact native aquatic fauna or provide marginal fisheries and are frequently targeted for manual or piscicide removal in lakes and streams. Unfortunately, complete eradication of exotic Brook Trout populations via these methods is rarely achieved; new approaches are needed. A potential alternative is a Trojan Y Chromosome (TYC) program in which hatchery-produced genetically YY male fish would be regularly released into an undesired population over time, skewing the population towards 100% males, theoretically resulting in wild population extirpation. We developed two genetic sex markers for Brook Trout and employed juvenile sex reversal methods commonly used in commercial aquaculture to develop a YY broodstock that can produce offspring for possible future use as biological control agents. Our search for genetic sex markers proved successful, with genotypic sex determination for two assays matching the observed phenotype for 90 out of 90 individuals. In the first phase of the program, estradiol-infused feed readily feminized genetic XY males into neofemales (FXY fish) at a high rate (99.6%; n = 224). Survival of progeny from such egg-laying FXY fish averaged 88% to eye-up and 91% from eye-up to ponding, values similar to untreated Brook Trout reared at the same facility. In the second program phase, we cultured both sperm- and egg-producing supermales (YY fish), a vital step towards development of TYC technology on a large aquaculture scale. Results showed that, in the hatchery, estradiol treatment does not reduce Brook Trout growth. This study demonstrates that hatchery production of a YY Brook Trout broodstock is feasible, modest in cost (less than US$10,000), and can be completed in 4 years. Although several hurdles remain before a full-scale stocking program could occur, we believe that future work on the TYC strategy for Brook Trout is warranted. Received July 13, 2015; accepted September 22, 2015
The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: a scoping review
Creators: name: Dickson-Swift, Virginia
name: Kangutkar, Tejashree Shashank
name: Knevel, R
name: Down, Sarah
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 3203
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Poor oral health due to dental caries is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. It has a significant impact on individuals across the lifespan and is a leading cause of preventable hospitalizations. The impacts of COVID-19 on oral health at the practice level are well documented, but gaps in understanding the impact on individual oral health remain. This review addresses this gap. Methods: Using a JBI scoping review process we mapped and summarized the evidence to identify the impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health. Key search terms were developed, and searches were undertaken by an experienced research librarian. Results: The 85 included studies were conducted in 23 countries from 5 regions across the world classified using the United Nations Geoscheme system. The majority (82/85) were quantitative, 2 were reviews and there was one qualitative interview study. Cross-sectional surveys were the most common data collection approach followed by an analysis of clinical data, analysis of internet trends and other online methods. Five key areas were identified including changes to the provision of emergency dental services, provision of routine oral health services, oral hygiene maintenance at home, changes in dietary preferences, alternative models of dental provision and help-seeking and attitudes towards dental care in the future. Conclusions: This scoping review has demonstrated that the pandemic has impacted on oral health at the individual level. It is important that we are aware of these impacts and ensure that support systems are in place to overcome future periods where access to dental care might be compromised. The provision of preventive care remains a vital first step in ensuring good overall oral health as is paramount during periods where access to dental treatment might be limited.
Recovery outcomes of schizophrenia patients treated with paliperidone palmitate in a community setting: patient and provider perspectives on recovery
Creators: name: Williams, Wesley
name: McKinney, Christopher
name: Martinez, Larry
name: Benson, Carmela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of paliperidone palmitate long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic on recovery-oriented mental health outcomes from the perspective of healthcare providers and patients during the treatment of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Methods: Archival data for patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder receiving ≥6 months of paliperidone palmitate LAI were retrieved from the electronic medical records system at the Mental Health Center of Denver. Mental health recovery was assessed from both a provider’s (Recovery Markers Inventory [RMI]) and patient’s (Consumer Recovery Measure [CRM]) perspective. A three-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) was utilized to determine changes in CRM and RMI scores by including independent variables in the models: intercept, months from treatment (slope), treatment time period (pretreatment and treatment), age, gender, primary diagnosis, substance abuse diagnosis, concurrent medications, and adherence to paliperidone palmitate LAI. Results: A total of 219 patients were identified and included in the study. Results of the final three-level HLMs indicated an overall increase in CRM scores (p p p Limitations: This study contained a retrospective, non-comparative design, and did not adjust for multiplicity Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that changes in recovery-oriented mental health outcomes can be detected following the administration of a specific antipsychotic treatment in persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Furthermore, patients receiving paliperidone palmitate LAI can effectively improve recovery-oriented outcomes, thereby supporting the drug’s use as schizophrenia treatment from a recovery-oriented perspective.
Supplementary methods and tables from Individual variation and plasticity in the infant-directed communication of orang-utan mothers
Creators: name: Fröhlich, Marlen
name: van Schaik, Carel P.
name: van Noordwijk, Maria A.
name: Knief, Ulrich
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 170299 Cognitive Science not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Supplementary methods and tables
Insight into the Interaction of antitubercular and anticancer compound Clofazimine with Human Serum Albumin: spectroscopy and molecular modelling
Creators: name: Ajmal, Mohammad Rehan
name: Zaidi, Nida
name: Alam, Parvez
name: Badr, Gamal
name: Mahmoud, Mohamed H.
name: Khan, Rizwan Hasan
name: Nusrat, Saima
name: Mohd Khursheed Siddiqi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biological Sciences
Chemistry
Pharmacology
Physics
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: The binding of clofazimine to human serum albumin (HSA) was investigated by applying optical spectroscopy and molecular docking methods. Fluorescence quenching data revealed that clofazimine bind to protein with binding constant in the order of 104 M−1, with the increase in temperature Stern-Volmer quenching constants gradually decreased indicating quenching mode to be static. The UV-visible spectra showed increase in absorbance upon interaction of HSA with clofazimine which further reveals formation of the drug albumin complex. Thermodynamic parameters obtained from fluorescence data indicate that process is exothermic and spontaneous. Forster distance (Ro) obtained from fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is found to be 2.05nm.Clofazimine impelled rise in α-helical structure in HSA as observed from far-UV CD spectra while there are minor alterations in tertiary structure of the protein. Clofazimine interacts strongly with HSA inducing secondary structure in the protein and slight alterations in protein topology as suggested by Dynamic light scattering results. Moreover docking results indicate clofazimine binds to hydrophobic pocket near to the drug site II in HSA.
The impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health: a scoping review
Creators: name: Dickson-Swift, Virginia
name: Kangutkar, T
name: Knevel, R
name: Down, S
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3203
subject: Dentistry
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Poor oral health due to dental caries is one of the most prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide. It has a significant impact on individuals across the lifespan and is a leading cause of preventable hospitalizations. The impacts of COVID-19 on oral health at the practice level are well documented, but gaps in understanding the impact on individual oral health remain. This review addresses this gap. Methods: Using a JBI scoping review process we mapped and summarized the evidence to identify the impact of COVID-19 on individual oral health. Key search terms were developed, and searches were undertaken by an experienced research librarian. Results: The 85 included studies were conducted in 23 countries from 5 regions across the world classified using the United Nations Geoscheme system. The majority (82/85) were quantitative, 2 were reviews and there was one qualitative interview study. Cross-sectional surveys were the most common data collection approach followed by an analysis of clinical data, analysis of internet trends and other online methods. Five key areas were identified including changes to the provision of emergency dental services, provision of routine oral health services, oral hygiene maintenance at home, changes in dietary preferences, alternative models of dental provision and help-seeking and attitudes towards dental care in the future. Conclusions: This scoping review has demonstrated that the pandemic has impacted on oral health at the individual level. It is important that we are aware of these impacts and ensure that support systems are in place to overcome future periods where access to dental care might be compromised. The provision of preventive care remains a vital first step in ensuring good overall oral health as is paramount during periods where access to dental treatment might be limited.
Recovery outcomes of schizophrenia patients treated with paliperidone palmitate in a community setting: patient and provider perspectives on recovery
Creators: name: Williams, Wesley
name: McKinney, Christopher
name: Martinez, Larry
name: Benson, Carmela
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of paliperidone palmitate long-acting injectable (LAI) antipsychotic on recovery-oriented mental health outcomes from the perspective of healthcare providers and patients during the treatment of patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Methods: Archival data for patients with a primary diagnosis of schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder receiving ≥6 months of paliperidone palmitate LAI were retrieved from the electronic medical records system at the Mental Health Center of Denver. Mental health recovery was assessed from both a provider’s (Recovery Markers Inventory [RMI]) and patient’s (Consumer Recovery Measure [CRM]) perspective. A three-level hierarchical linear model (HLM) was utilized to determine changes in CRM and RMI scores by including independent variables in the models: intercept, months from treatment (slope), treatment time period (pretreatment and treatment), age, gender, primary diagnosis, substance abuse diagnosis, concurrent medications, and adherence to paliperidone palmitate LAI. Results: A total of 219 patients were identified and included in the study. Results of the final three-level HLMs indicated an overall increase in CRM scores (p p p Limitations: This study contained a retrospective, non-comparative design, and did not adjust for multiplicity Conclusions: The current study demonstrates that changes in recovery-oriented mental health outcomes can be detected following the administration of a specific antipsychotic treatment in persons with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders. Furthermore, patients receiving paliperidone palmitate LAI can effectively improve recovery-oriented outcomes, thereby supporting the drug’s use as schizophrenia treatment from a recovery-oriented perspective.
title: Candidature CHIN Mohammed Bougroum
Creators: name: Bougroum, Mohammed
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Candidature de Mohammed Bougroum pour un séjour de recherche, dans le cadre du LabexMed.
Demographic and psychosocial factors associated with recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among trans and gender diverse people in Australia
Creators: name: Hill, Adam
name: Cook, T
name: McNair, R
name: Amos, Natalie
name: Carman, Marina
name: Hartland, E
name: Lyons, Anthony
name: Bourne, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: Introduction: Correlates of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts among a large cross-section of trans and gender diverse populations in Australia were examined. Methods: A national survey was conducted that included 1466 trans and gender diverse participants aged 18+ years. Multivariable regressions identified factors associated with recent suicidal ideation and suicide attempts. Results: Overall, 62.4% reported suicidal ideation and 9.5% suicide attempt in the past 12 months. The likelihood of suicidal ideation was higher for younger participants or those who felt treated unfairly or socially excluded due to their gender identity in the past 12 months. It was lower for those with a postgraduate degree, who felt accepted by family or work, or who felt their gender identity was respected when accessing a mainstream medical clinic in the past 12 months. The likelihood of suicide attempts was greater for those aged younger or who had recently experienced sexual harassment based on their sexual orientation or gender identity, and lower for those who were non-binary. Conclusion: Urgent attention for suicide prevention is necessary for trans and gender diverse communities. These findings point to a range of risk and protective factors, which may help inform the targeting and design of suicide prevention strategies.
Self-help mobile messaging intervention for depression among older adults in resource-limited settings: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Scazufca, Marcia
name: Nakamura, Carina Akemi
name: Seward, Nadine
name: Didone, Thiago Vinicius Nadaleto
name: Moretti, Felipe Azevedo
name: Oliveira da Costa, Marcelo
name: Souza, Caio Hudson Queiroz de
name: Macias de Oliveira, Gabriel
name: Souza dos Santos, Monica
name: Aragoni Pereira, Luara
name: Mendes de Sá Martins, Mariana
name: VAN DE VEN, PEPIJN
name: Hollingworth, William
name: Peters, Tim J.
name: Araya, Ricardo
Publisher: name: University of Limerick
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 42
subject: Health sciences
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Scalable solutions to treat depression in older adults in low-resourced settings are urgently needed. The PRODIGITAL-D pragmatic, single-blind, two-arm, individually randomized controlled trial assessed the effectiveness of a mobile messaging psychosocial intervention in improving depressive symptomatology among older adults in socioeconomically deprived areas of Guarulhos, Brazil. Older adults (aged 60+ years) registered with 24 primary care clinics and identifed with depressive symptomatology (9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) scores ≥ 10) received the 6-week Viva Vida intervention based on psychoeducation and behavioral activation (n = 298) or a single message (n = 305). No health professional support was ofered. The primary outcome was improvement from depressive symptomatology (PHQ-9 < 10) at 3 months. Of the 603 participants enrolled (mean age = 65.1 years; 451 (74.8%) women), 527 (87.4%) completed the follow-up assessment. In the intervention arm, 109 of 257 (42.4%) participants had an improved depressive symptomatology, compared with 87 of 270 (32.2%) participants in the control arm (adjusted odds ratio = 1.57; 95% confdence interval = 1.07–2.29; P = 0.019). No severe adverse events related to trial participation were observed. These results demonstrate the usefulness of a digital messaging psychosocial intervention in the short-term improvement from depressive symptomatology that can potentially be integrated into primary care programs for treating older adults with depression. Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials registration: ReBEC (RBR-4c94dtn).
Why So Serious? An Attempt to Mitigate the Short-Term Harmful Effects of the Film Joker on Prejudice toward People with Mental Illness
Creators: name: Poulgrain, JW
name: Bremner, NM
name: Zimmerman, H
name: Jao, CW
name: Winter, Taylor
name: Riordan, Benjamin
name: Bizumic, B
name: Hunter, J
name: Scarf, D
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: The media perpetuates many harmful stereotypes about people with mental illness. In two studies, we demonstrate the impact of negative media portrayals of mental illness on prejudice and attempt to mitigate these negative effects. Specifically, in Study 1, participants watched the movie Joker, a recent film which associates mental illness with violent behavior, or a control film (Terminator). Participants completed the Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness (PPMI) scale before and after viewing their respective films. The PPMI consists of four dimensions: fear/avoidance (i.e., wanting to avoid people with mental illness), malevolence (i.e., viewing people with mental illness as inferior), authoritarianism (i.e., preference for control over people with mental illness), and unpredictability (i.e., the behavior of people with mental illness is unreliable). We hypothesized that participants who watched the film Joker would display an increase in their fear/avoidance of people with mental illness and their support for authoritarian approaches to their treatment. Consistent with these hypotheses, participants who viewed Joker displayed a significant increase in the fear/avoidance and authoritarian subscales of the PPMI, relative to participants that watched Terminator. In Study 2, in an attempt to mitigate the impact of Joker on prejudice towards people with mental illness, directly after the film we displayed educational and counter-stereotypical statements on-screen that challenged the view that people with mental illness are violent. A control group viewed Joker without these statements. Identical to Study 1, all participants completed the PPMI scale before and after viewing the film. We hypothesized that participants who viewed Joker with the statements would display lower prejudice relative to the control condition. Unfortunately, participants in the experimental and control conditions displayed a comparable increase in prejudice. Together, these studies confirm the negative effect of media portrayals of mental illness (as depicted in Joker) and demonstrate that these effects are not easily mitigated.
Facile and convenient synthesis of 2,4-disubstituted and 2,3,4-trisubstituted 1,3-thiazoles
Creators: name: Hassan, Alaa A.
name: Shaaban K. Mohamed
name: Nasr K. Mohamed
name: El-Shaieb, Kamal M.A.
name: Abdel-Aziz, Ahmed T.
name: Mague, Joel T.
name: Akkurt, Mehmet
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: An efficient route for the synthesis of (E)-2-(2-(2-nitrobenzylidene)-hydrazinyl)-4-phenylthiazol-3-ium bromide, (E)-2-(2(substituted benzylidene)hydrazinyl)-4-phenylthiazoles and (E)-4-(4-bromophenyl)-2-(cycloalkylidenehydrazono)-3-phenyl-2,3-dihydrothiazoles by reaction of 1-aryl-2-bromoethanones with 2-(1-substituted methylidene)hydrazinecarbothioamides and cycloalkylidene-N-phenyl-hydrazinecarbothioamides. The structure of the products has been confirmed by using IR, NMR, mass spectrometry and single-crystal X-ray analyses.
Reproductive Failure Impacts on Retained Beef Heifer Profitability
Creators: name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: DeLong, Karen L.
name: Griffith, Andrew P.
name: Boyer, Christopher N.
name: DeLong, Karen L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: reproductive
subject: failure
subject: impacts
subject: retained
subject: beef
subject: heifer
subject: profitability

description: The lifeblood of most cow-calf operations is the females that make up the herd. Cow-calf producers make culling and retention decisions on a regular basis that influence profitability. The decision to cull a cow, or to add a female to the herd, is largely based on the animal’s structural integrity (i.e., feet, udder), disposition, expected reproductive success, and expected profitability. Thus, there is a certain risk related to cattle prices, cow reproductive efficiency, and calf performance. Cow-calf producers have several alternatives when it comes to replacing a culled cow, including purchasing open heifers, bred heifers or mature cows. However, the most common option is retaining female calves for replacement heifers (U.S. Department of Agriculture [USDA], 2009). Retaining calves from one’s own operation is common because the producer has the advantage of knowing the heifers’ genetics, reducing herd exposure to disease from off-farm animals, and no cash expense for the purchase of external heifers. Despite reducing certain risks by retaining one’s own animals, retaining and developing heifers to place back in the breeding herd is still a large and risky investment that will impact long-term profitability of the operation (Mathews and Short, 2001). Many cattle producers recognize that open/late calving cows impact profitability (USDA, 2009). To be more specific, open cows due to failed pregnancy, abortions and calf death contribute to costs but do not generate revenue. Deciding to cull or retain a female that failed to produce a calf impacts long-run profits. The research objective of this study was to determine how reproductive failure impacts the profitability of raising replacement beef heifers in Tennessee in a spring and fall calving season. Results in this report could benefit producers by showing the economic implications of selecting replacement heifers based on fertility and ability to contribute to the herd.
title: 02_0899
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Why So Serious? An Attempt to Mitigate the Short-Term Harmful Effects of the Film Joker on Prejudice toward People with Mental Illness
Creators: name: Poulgrain, JW
name: Bremner, NM
name: Zimmerman, H
name: Jao, CW
name: Winter, T
name: Riordan, Benjamin
name: Bizumic, B
name: Hunter, J
name: Scarf, D
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 5202
subject: Biological psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology

description: The media perpetuates many harmful stereotypes about people with mental illness. In two studies, we demonstrate the impact of negative media portrayals of mental illness on prejudice and attempt to mitigate these negative effects. Specifically, in Study 1, participants watched the movie Joker, a recent film which associates mental illness with violent behavior, or a control film (Terminator). Participants completed the Prejudice towards People with Mental Illness (PPMI) scale before and after viewing their respective films. The PPMI consists of four dimensions: fear/avoidance (i.e., wanting to avoid people with mental illness), malevolence (i.e., viewing people with mental illness as inferior), authoritarianism (i.e., preference for control over people with mental illness), and unpredictability (i.e., the behavior of people with mental illness is unreliable). We hypothesized that participants who watched the film Joker would display an increase in their fear/avoidance of people with mental illness and their support for authoritarian approaches to their treatment. Consistent with these hypotheses, participants who viewed Joker displayed a significant increase in the fear/avoidance and authoritarian subscales of the PPMI, relative to participants that watched Terminator. In Study 2, in an attempt to mitigate the impact of Joker on prejudice towards people with mental illness, directly after the film we displayed educational and counter-stereotypical statements on-screen that challenged the view that people with mental illness are violent. A control group viewed Joker without these statements. Identical to Study 1, all participants completed the PPMI scale before and after viewing the film. We hypothesized that participants who viewed Joker with the statements would display lower prejudice relative to the control condition. Unfortunately, participants in the experimental and control conditions displayed a comparable increase in prejudice. Together, these studies confirm the negative effect of media portrayals of mental illness (as depicted in Joker) and demonstrate that these effects are not easily mitigated.
Ozonated Mineral Oil: Preparation, Characterization and Evaluation of the Microbicidal Activity
Creators: name: Iorio, Fernanda B. R. D.
name: Liberatore, Ana M. A.
name: Koh, Ivan H. J.
name: Choyu Otani
name: Camilo, Fernanda F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: The ozonation of vegetable oils has been studied, since the produced ointments have antibacterial and fungicidal activities. However, the ozonation of mineral oils has not been reported in the literature yet, opening an interesting field for examination. In this work, we have shown the ozonation of a commercial mineral oil (Nujol). The main goal was to produce oils containing free ozone, so that this gas could act as antimicrobial agent. It was found that in Nujol, ozone remains for at least 40 days and in the sample ozonized for 15 h its concentration was 7.5 mg mL−1. Neat Nujol showed no antimicrobial activity against the tested microorganisms, however, when ozonated it showed antimicrobial activity against Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli.
Clinician knowledge and attitudes of mental health advance statements in Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: James, Russell
name: Maude, Phillip
name: Searby, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Embedded into Victoria's mental health legislation as part of the 2014 Mental Health Act suite of reforms, advance statements are designed to convey an individuals' preferences for treatment during times when the ability to communicate or make decisions may be impaired. This study investigated Victorian mental health clinicians' knowledge and attitudes of advance statements as well as their experience with training and implementation. We used an online Qualtrics survey of Victorian mental health clinicians (n = 190) to achieve this aim. Instrument validity was determined using the Content Validity Index (CVI) with field experts rating each item for relevance. A value of 80% or higher was sought and computed for each individual item on the scale, as well as for the overall scale. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was conducted to determine internal consistency reliability with a value of α = 0.721 for the survey, suggesting that the scale had acceptable internal consistency and reliability. Despite widespread support and positive attitudes towards advance statements existing among mental health clinician participants, the level of knowledge and perception of barriers continues to significantly affect the wide-spread uptake of advance statements. The quality and extent of training in legal and clinical aspects of advance statement varied widely among the study participants, with the quality and benefits of the training affecting participant reported confidence level as well as their practical experience with advance statements. Three recommendations can be made: that advance statements are embed into routine mental health practice to identify individuals who have existing advance statements and support those who do not to prepare one; that regular co-produced and facilitated training be provided to increase understanding, promotion, and overall use and uptake of advance statements; and finally, for local mental health service to develop a culture for positive engagement and promotion of autonomy through inclusive practices around decision-making.
Clinician knowledge and attitudes of mental health advance statements in Victoria, Australia
Creators: name: James, R
name: Maude, Phillip
name: Searby, Adam
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education
classificationCode: 4205
subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Embedded into Victoria's mental health legislation as part of the 2014 Mental Health Act suite of reforms, advance statements are designed to convey an individuals' preferences for treatment during times when the ability to communicate or make decisions may be impaired. This study investigated Victorian mental health clinicians' knowledge and attitudes of advance statements as well as their experience with training and implementation. We used an online Qualtrics survey of Victorian mental health clinicians (n = 190) to achieve this aim. Instrument validity was determined using the Content Validity Index (CVI) with field experts rating each item for relevance. A value of 80% or higher was sought and computed for each individual item on the scale, as well as for the overall scale. The Cronbach's Alpha coefficient was conducted to determine internal consistency reliability with a value of α = 0.721 for the survey, suggesting that the scale had acceptable internal consistency and reliability. Despite widespread support and positive attitudes towards advance statements existing among mental health clinician participants, the level of knowledge and perception of barriers continues to significantly affect the wide-spread uptake of advance statements. The quality and extent of training in legal and clinical aspects of advance statement varied widely among the study participants, with the quality and benefits of the training affecting participant reported confidence level as well as their practical experience with advance statements. Three recommendations can be made: that advance statements are embed into routine mental health practice to identify individuals who have existing advance statements and support those who do not to prepare one; that regular co-produced and facilitated training be provided to increase understanding, promotion, and overall use and uptake of advance statements; and finally, for local mental health service to develop a culture for positive engagement and promotion of autonomy through inclusive practices around decision-making.
Roles of DNA helicases and Exo1 in the avoidance of mutations induced by Top1-mediated cleavage at ribonucleotides in DNA
Creators: name: Hengyao Niu
name: Potenski, Catherine J.
name: Epshtein, Anastasiya
name: Sung, Patrick
name: Klein, Hannah L.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The replicative DNA polymerases insert ribonucleotides into DNA at a frequency of approximately 1/6500 nucleotides replicated. The rNMP residues make the DNA backbone more susceptible to hydrolysis and can also distort the helix, impeding the transcription and replication machineries. rNMPs in DNA are efficiently removed by RNaseH2 by a process called ribonucleotides excision repair (RER). In the absence of functional RNaseH2, rNMPs are subject to cleavage by Topoisomerase I, followed by further processing to result in deletion mutations due to slippage in simple DNA repeats. The topoisomerase I-mediated cleavage at rNMPs results in DNA ends that cannot be ligated by DNA ligase I, a 5′OH end and a 2′–3′ cyclic phosphate end. In the budding yeast, the mutation level in RNaseH2 deficient cells is kept low via the action of the Srs2 helicase and the Exo1 nuclease, which collaborate to process the Top1-induced nick with subsequent non-mutagenic gap filling. We have surveyed other helicases and nucleases for a possible role in reducing mutagenesis at Top1 nicks at rNMPs and have uncovered a novel role for the RecQ family helicase Sgs1 in this process.
Conservation Practices With Greater Benefits to Farmers and Ranchers Have Higher EQIP Completion Rates
Creators: name: Wallander, Steven
name: Claassen, Roger
name: Wallander, Steven
name: Claassen, Roger
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: conservation
subject: technology
subject: Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP)
subject: farmers
subject: ranchers

description: In the Environmental Quality Incentives Program (EQIP), farmers and ranchers sign contracts to implement selected conservation practices on specific areas of their operations. After the practices are completed, the participants receive financial assistance payments. Sometimes practices are not completed as planned, and the financial assistance is reallocated to other practices or other contracts. Recent ERS research found that practices that are less likely to be completed tend to have higher additionality, the estimated percentage of participants who adopted the practice only because of financial incentives.
Availability and readiness of healthcare facilities and their effects on long-acting modern contraceptive use in Bangladesh: analysis of linked data
Creators: name: Khan, Md Nuruzzaman
name: Akter, Shahinoor
name: Islam, Md
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 4206
subject: Public health
classificationCode: 4203
subject: Health services and systems

description: Aim: Increasing access to long-acting modern contraceptives (LMAC) is one of the key factors in preventing unintended pregnancy and protecting women’s health rights. However, the availability and accessibility of health facilities and their impacts on LAMC utilisation (implant, intrauterine devices, sterilisation) in low- and middle-income countries is an understudied topic. This study aimed to examine the association between the availability and readiness of health facilities and the use of LAMC in Bangladesh. Methods: In this survey study, we linked the 2017/18 Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey data with the 2017 Bangladesh Health Facility Survey data using the administrative-boundary linkage method. Mixed-effect multilevel logistic regressions were conducted. The sample comprised 10,938 married women of 15–49 years age range who were fertile but did not desire a child within 2 years of the date of survey. The outcome variable was the current use of LAMC (yes, no), and the explanatory variables were health facility-, individual-, household- and community-level factors. Results: Nearly 34% of participants used LAMCs with significant variations across areas in Bangladesh. The average scores of the health facility management and health facility infrastructure were 0.79 and 0.83, respectively. Of the facilities where LAMCs were available, 69% of them were functional and ready to provide LAMCs to the respondents. The increase in scores for the management (adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 1.59; 95% CI, 1.21–2.42) and infrastructure (aOR, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.01–1.69) of health facilities was positively associated with the overall uptake of LAMC. For per unit increase in the availability and readiness scores to provide LAMC at the nearest health facilities, the aORs for women to report using LAMC were 2.16 (95% CI, 1.18–3.21) and 1.74 (95% CI, 1.15–3.20), respectively. A nearly 27% decline in the likelihood of LAMC uptake was observed for every kilometre increase in the average regional-level distance between women’s homes and the nearest health facilities. Conclusion: The proximity of health facilities and their improved management, infrastructure, and readiness to provide LAMCs to women significantly increase their uptake. Policies and programs should prioritise improving health facility readiness to increase LAMC uptake.
A Bayesian Approach to More Stable Estimates of Group-Level Effects in Contextual Studies
Creators: name: Lüdtke, Oliver
name: Robitzsch, Alexander
name: Zitzmann, Steffen
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Science Policy
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Biotechnology

description: Multilevel analyses are often used to estimate the effects of group-level constructs. However, when using aggregated individual data (e.g., student ratings) to assess a group-level construct (e.g., classroom climate), the observed group mean might not provide a reliable measure of the unobserved latent group mean. In the present article, we propose a Bayesian approach that can be used to estimate a multilevel latent covariate model, which corrects for the unreliable assessment of the latent group mean when estimating the group-level effect. A simulation study was conducted to evaluate the choice of different priors for the group-level variance of the predictor variable and to compare the Bayesian approach with the maximum likelihood approach implemented in the software Mplus. Results showed that, under problematic conditions (i.e., small number of groups, predictor variable with a small ICC), the Bayesian approach produced more accurate estimates of the group-level effect than the maximum likelihood approach did.