cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Anomalous magnetization process in frustrated spin ladders
Creators: name: Sakai, Tôru
name: Okamoto, Kiyomi
name: Okunishi, Kouichi
name: Sato, Masahiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study, at T=0, the anomalies in the magnetization curve of the S=1 two-leg ladder with frustrated interactions. We focus mainly on the existence of the $M=\Ms/2$ plateau, where $\Ms$ is the saturation magnetization. We use analytical methods (degenerate perturbation theory and non-Abelian bosonization) as well as numerical methods (level spectroscopy and density matrix renormalization group), which lead to the consistent conclusion with each other. We also touch on the $M=\Ms/4$ and $M=(3/4)\Ms$ plateaux and cusps.
description: 4 pages, 7 figures (embedded), Conference paper (Highly Frustrated Magnetism 2003, 26-30th August 2003, Grenoble, France)
Becoming a co-designer: the change in participants’ perceived self-efficacy during a co-design process
Creators: name: Wang, Yixuan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Perceived self-efficacy is an integral part of a capability set that allows participants to transform design capabilities into the functioning of doing design. However, existing research investigating the change in participants’ perceived self-efficacy during a co-design process is inadequate. Therefore, this paper aims to demonstrate the changeability of participants’ perceived self-efficacy and its changing trajectory in a co-design process. The findings are extracted from a remote co-design project with older people, employing generative toolkits and culture probes, to address loneliness in later life. It has been discovered that the participants who successfully completed the co-design process experienced an increase in their perceived self-efficacy, following a U-shaped model. Furthermore, the depth of the U-shaped curve is contingent on how well the co-design process is designed to align with participants’ embodied knowledge and skills. The findings of this paper address the inadequate discussion of the change in participants’ perceived self-efficacy in co-design methodological literature. The introduced U-shaped model can equip co-design researchers and practitioners with the ability to anticipate and prepare for potential situations arising from changes in participants’ perceived self-efficacy during co-design processes.
“We are all just humans participating”: the role of an embodied approach, virtual space and artistic media in shaping participants’ experience in a co–design process
Creators: name: Kuhlmann, Naila
name: Thomas, Aliki
name: Barnstaple, Rebecca
name: Blain-Moraes, Stefanie
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Neuroscience
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Integrating multiple perspectives is key to successful co-design, yet often hampered by communication gaps arising from different epistemological backgrounds and lived experiences. This challenge is amplified when the design problem centres around experiences that are difficult articulate in words, such as those in Parkinson’s disease (PD). To explore alternative strategies for communication between diverse PD stakeholders, Piece of Mind brought together neuroscientists, performing artists and individuals with lived experience to co-create an interdisciplinary performance grounded in scientific and experiential knowledge. Participants met on Zoom over nine months, in which creative, embodied approaches were used to share scientific concepts, facilitate discussion, and identify key issues for the performance. We built on emergent themes through virtual and in-studio collaborations, culminating in a 45-min filmed and live performance. We conducted semi-structured interviews with a subset of participants regarding their co-design experience and take-aways, to identify elements of process, space and materials contributing to its success. We found that an embodied approach, in virtual space and incorporating multiple artistic media, enabled participants to leave their comfort zones and disciplinary boundaries to engage with one another through curiosity and generosity – and consider how these conditions facilitated disparate starting points to converge towards a common goal.
Valuing the Coast: Economic Impacts of Connecticut's Maritime Industry
Creators: name: Pomeroy, Robert
name: Plesha, Nataliya
name: Muawanah, Umi
name: Pomeroy, Robert
name: Plesha, Nataliya
name: Muawanah, Umi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Connecticut
subject: Maritime Industry

description: The goal of this study was to ascertain and document the significance of the maritime industry to Connecticut’s economy. The specific objective was to estimate the total economic impact of maritime industry sectors through the use of an economic model of the Connecticut economy. This study defines the Connecticut maritime industry as including, but not limited to, shipbuilding, commercial fishing, aquaculture, tourism, recreational boating and fishing, marine manufacturing, marine engineering, port services, marine terminal operation, marine construction, marina operation, marine environmental services, and marine transportation. Because this industry buys goods and services from other industries in the state and hires local labor, its economic impacts cascade throughout the entire state economy.
title: Αποτίμηση της σεισμικής συμπεριφοράς κτιρίου φέρουσας τοιχοποιίας
title: Assessment of the seismic performance on load-bearing masonry building
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Αρβανιτίδου, Αγάπη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2021
Subjects: Σεισμική συμπεριφορά
Ανελαστική στατική ανάλυση
Μέθοδος Pushover
Ευρωκώδικας 8
ΚΑΝΕΠΕ

description: Η παρούσα πτυχιακή εργασία έχει ως αντικείμενο την αποτίμηση της σεισμικής συμπεριφοράς υφιστάμενου κτιρίου. Το κτίριο που μελετήθηκε αποτελείται από δυο ορθογώνια διώροφα κτίρια τα οποία έχουν κατασκευασθεί σε διαφορετικές χρονικές περιόδους και τα οποία έχουν ενιαίο διάφραγμα. Το παλαιότερο είναι από φέρουσα τοιχοποιία ενώ το πιο πρόσφατο από οπλισμένο σκυρόδεμα. Τα κτίρια τα έχουμε θεωρήσει ενωμένα και η ανελαστική στατική ανάλυση (pushover) θα µας βοηθήσει για την αποτίμηση της φέρουσας ικανότητας του κτιρίου.
Quantum Langevin equation
Creators: name: de Oliveira, Mário J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a Langevin equation to describe the quantum Brownian motion of bounded particles based on a distinctive formulation concerning both the fluctuation and dissipation forces. The fluctuation force is similar to that employed in the classical case. It is a white noise with a variance proportional to the temperature. The dissipation force is not restrict to be proportional to the velocity and is determined in a way as to guarantee that the stationary state is given by a density operator of the Gibbs canonical type. To this end we derived an equation that gives the time evolution of the density operator, which turns out to be a quantum Fokker-Planck-Kramers equation. The approach is applied to the harmonic oscillator in which case the dissipation force is found to be non Hermitian and proportional to the velocity and position.
Lower crustal earthquake associated with highly pressurized frictional melts
Creators: name: Zhong, Xin
name: Petley-Ragan, Arianne J.
name: Incel, Sarah H. M.
name: Dabrowski, Marcin
name: Andersen, Niels H.
name: Jamtveit, Bjørn
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Geology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Petrology
subject: Structural geology
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Earthquakes at lower crustal depths are common during continental collision. However, the coseismic weakening mechanisms required to propagate an earthquake at high pressures are poorly understood. Transient high-pressure fluids or melts have been proposed as a viable mechanism, but verifying this requires direct in situ measurement of fluid or melt overpressure along fault planes that have hosted dynamic ruptures. Here, we report direct measurement of highly overpressurized frictional melts along a seismic fault surface. Using Raman spectroscopy, we identified high-pressure quartz inclusions sealed in dendritic garnets that grew from frictional melts formed by lower crustal earthquakes in the Bergen Arcs, Western Norway. Melt pressure was estimated to be 1.8–2.3 GPa on the basis of an elastic model for the quartz-in-garnet system. This is ~0.5 GPa higher than the pressure recorded by the surrounding pseudotachylyte matrix and wall rocks. The recorded melt pressure could not arise solely from the volume expansion of melting, and we propose that it was generated when melt pressure approached the maximum principal stress in a system subject to high differential stress. The associated palaeostress field demonstrates that a strong lower crust accommodated up to 1 GPa differential stress during the compressive stage of the Caledonian orogeny.
Extraplanar Emission-Line Gas in Edge-On Spiral Galaxies. I. Deep Emission-Line Imaging
Creators: name: Miller, Scott T.
name: Veilleux, Sylvain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The extraplanar diffuse ionized gas (eDIG) in 17 nearby, edge-on disk galaxies is studied using deep Taurus Tunable Filter Halpha and [N II] lambda 6583 images and conventional interference filter Halpha + [N II] lambda 6548, 6583 images which reach flux levels generally below about 1 x 10^{-17} erg s^{-1} cm^{-2} arcsec^{-2}. [N II] lambda 6583/Halpha excitation maps are available for 10 of these objects. All but one galaxy in the sample exhibit eDIG. The contribution of the eDIG to the total Halpha luminosity is relatively constant, of order 12 +/- 4%. The Halpha scale height of the eDIG derived from a two-exponential fit to the vertical emission profile ranges from 0.4 kpc to 17.9 kpc, with an average of 4.3 kpc. This average value is noticeably larger than the eDIG scale height measured in our Galaxy and other galaxies. This difference in scale height is probably due in part to the lower flux limits of our observations. A quantitative analysis of the topology of the eDIG confirms that several galaxies in the sample have a highly structured eDIG morphology. The distribution of the eDIG emission is often correlated with the locations of the H II regions in the disk. A strong correlation is found between the star formation rate (IR luminosity) per unit disk area and the extraplanar ionized mass, providing further support for a strong connection between the disk and eDIG components in these galaxies. The excitation maps confirm that the [N II]/Halpha ratios are systematically higher in the eDIG than in the disk. More detail is given in Paper II. (abridged)
description: 34 pages + 17 jpg figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplements, Vol. 148, October 2003 issue
Convergence of Discrete Period Matrices and Discrete Holomorphic Integrals for Ramified Coverings of the Riemann Sphere
Creators: name: Bobenko, Alexander I.
name: Bücking, Ulrike
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Discrete analytic function
subject: Riemann surface
subject: Period matrix
subject: Discrete holomorphic integral
subject: Dirichlet energy
subject: Approximation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We consider the class of compact Riemann surfaces which are ramified coverings of the Riemann sphere C^. Based on a triangulation of this covering we define discrete (multivalued) harmonic and holomorphic functions. We prove that the corresponding discrete period matrices converge to their continuous counterparts. In order to achieve an error estimate, which is linear in the maximal edge length of the triangles, we suitably adapt the triangulations in a neighborhood of every branch point. Finally, we also prove a convergence result for discrete holomorphic integrals for our adapted triangulations of the ramified covering.
Facilitating co-design among older adults in a digital setting: methodological challenges and opportunities
Creators: name: Backåberg, Sofia
name: Strandberg, Susanna
name: Freeman, Georgina
name: Katz, Larry
name: Milajerdi, Homa Rafiei
name: Wylant, Barry
name: Oehlberg, Lora
name: Ekstedt, Mirjam
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Ecology
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Mental Health
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Healthy ageing is a global priority due to a growing older population, which increases the need for preventive measures and tailored technology. In health technology development, co-design is emphasised as a valuable strategy to support a person-centred approach. Co-design, a value-driven and collaborative approach, involves end users in development processes to overcome barriers connected to capability, opportunity, and motivation. While a growing number of older adults are involved in design processes, there is a deficit of suitable methodologies for achieving active involvement. Additionally, the COVID-19 pandemic necessitated a shift to developing methodological skills and tools to facilitate co-design remotely in a digital setting. Here, we draw on experiences of conducting iterative co-design workshops with a Canadian and a Swedish cohort of older adults about technology development to support mobility, balance, and confidence in daily movement. We describe and discuss methodological and ethical challenges and opportunities to provide recommendations for conducting co-design research in a digital setting with older adults (+65 years). Our recommendations include the use of live mind mapping to facilitate participation involvement, and we address the issue of ‘homework’ in co-design and the importance of setting expectations.
Cosmology in a brane-universe
Creators: name: Langlois, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This contribution presents the cosmological models with extra dimensions that have been recently elaborated, which assume that ordinary matter is confined on a surface, called brane, embedded in a higher dimensional spacetime.
description: 12 pages; Invited review talk at the JENAM 2002 workshop on "The cosmology of extra dimensions and varying fundamental constants", Porto, Portugal, September 2002
Ballistic and shift currents in the bulk photovoltaic effect theory
Creators: name: Sturman, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The bulk photovoltaic effect (BPVE) -- generation of electric currents by light in noncentrosymmetric materials in the absence of electric fields and gradients -- has been intensively investigated in the end of the last century. The outcomes including all main aspects of this phenomenon were summarized in review and books. A new upsurge of interest to the BPVE occurred recently and resulted in a flux of misleading theoretical and experimental publications centered around the so-called shift current. Numerous top-rated recent publications ignore the basic principles of charge-transport phenomena and the previous results of joined experimental-theoretical studies. Specifically, dominating (or substantial) contributions to the currents caused by asymmetry of the momentum distributions of electrons and holes are missed. The widespread starting relation for the shift current, originating from the quadratic nonlinear response theory and pretending to be omnipotent, is in fact incomplete. It ignores kinetic processes of relaxation and recombination of photo-excited electrons and leads to non-vanishing shift currents in thermal equilibrium. The goals of this methodical note is to specify and argue the benchmarks of the BPVE theory and return the studies on the right track in the interest of development of photovoltaic devices.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Optimal Measurement Protocols in Quantum Zeno Effect
Creators: name: Belan, Sergey
name: Parfenyev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The quantum Zeno effect is the prediction, going back to Alan Turing, that the decay of an unstable system can be slowed down by measuring it frequently enough. It was also noticed later that the opposite effect, i.e., enhancement of the decay due to frequent measurements, is rather common. An important question arising in this regards is how to choose the optimal measurement strategy to achieve the highest possible decay rate. Here we rigorously prove the universal optimality of the stroboscopic measurement protocol in the sense that it always provides the shortest expected decay time among all measurement procedures. However, the implementation of the stroboscopic protocol requires the knowledge of the optimal sampling period which may depend on the fine details of the quantum problem. We show that this difficulty can be overcame with the simple non-regular measurement procedures inspired by the scale-free restart strategies used to speed up the completion of random search tasks and probabilistic algorithms in computer science. Besides, our analysis reveals the universal criteria to discriminate between Zeno and anti-Zeno regimes for the unstable quantum systems under Poissonian measurements.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Towards the Design of an Interactive Machine Learning System for Qualitative Coding
Creators: name: Rietz, Tim
name: Maedche, Alexander
Publisher: name: AIS eLibrary (AISeL)
Year: 2020
Subjects: Qualitative Coding
Interactive Machine Learning
Design Science Research
Design Principles

description: Coding is an important process in qualitative research. However, qualitative coding is highly time-consuming even for small datasets. To accelerate this process, qualitative coding systems increasingly utilize machine learning (ML) to automatically recommend codes. Existing literature on ML-assisted coding reveals two major issues: (1) ML model training is not well integrated into the qualitative coding process, and (2) code recommendations need to be presented in a trustworthy way. We believe that the recently introduced concept of interactive machine learning (IML) is able to address these issues. We present an ongoing design science research project to design an IML system for qualitative coding. First, we discover several issues that hinder the success of current ML-based coding systems. Drawing on results from multiple fields, we derive meta-requirements, propose design principles and an initial prototype. Thereby, we contribute with design knowledge for the intelligent augmentation of qualitative coding systems to increase coding productivity.
PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO CULTURAL: CONTROVÉRSIAS NA MANUTENÇÃO DO PATRIMÔNIO HISTÓRICO CULTURAL, COM FOCO NA IGREJA BICENTENÁRIA NOSSA SENHORA DO BOM SUCESSO DE GUARATUBA – NO PARANÁ
Creators: name: CARLOS ALBERTO MACHADO CALDAS
name: LUCIANO RAITER
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: O objetivo desse artigo é o de discutir determinados padrões das normas exigidos pelo IPHAN, e investigar se estas exigências realmente permitem a proteção/conservação dos patrimônios históricos culturais dos bens tombados. Neste artigo a discussão gira em torno da Igreja Bicentenária de Guaratuba Pr, que, construída pelos escravos lá pelos meados de 1700 é de arquitetura religiosa colonial e apresenta uma fachada bastante simples de alvenaria, como eram as demais em todo território brasileiro, a igreja possui uma imagem de Nossa Senhora do Bom Sucesso esculpida em madeira, também é destaque uma pia batismal, toda de pedra. [...]
Polyanalytic boundary value problems for planar domains with harmonic Green function
Creators: name: Begehr, Heinrich
name: Shupeyeva, Bibinur
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Poly-analytic
subject: Cauchy-Schwarz-Pompeiu representation
subject: Green function
subject: Schwarz
subject: Dirichlet
subject: Neumann boundary value problems
subject: Admissible domain
subject: Ring domain
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: There are three basic boundary value problems for the inhomogeneous polyanalytic equation in planar domains, the well-posed iterated Schwarz problem, and further two over-determined iterated problems of Dirichlet and Neumann type. These problems are investigated in planar domains having a harmonic Green function. For the Schwarz problem, treated earlier [Ü. Aksoy, H. Begehr, A.O. Çelebi, AV Bitsadze’s observation on bianalytic functions and the Schwarz problem. Complex Var Elliptic Equ 64(8): 1257–1274 (2019)], just a modification is mentioned. While the Dirichlet problem is completely discussed for arbitrary order, the Neumann problem is just handled for order up to three. But a generalization to arbitrary order is likely.
The Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope Gamma-Ray Burst Alert System, and Observations of GRB 020813
Creators: name: Li, Weidong
name: Filippenko, Alexei V.
name: Chornock, Ryan
name: Jha, Saurabh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the technical details of the gamma-ray burst (GRB) alert system of the Katzman Automatic Imaging Telescope (KAIT) at Lick Observatory, and the successful observations of the GRB 020813 optical afterglow with this system. KAIT responds to GRB alerts robotically, interrupts its pre-arranged program, and takes a sequence of images for each GRB alert. A grid-imaging procedure is used to increase the efficiency of the early-time observations. Different sequences of images have been developed for different types of GRB alerts. With relatively fast telescope slew and CCD readout speed, KAIT can typically complete the first observation within 60 s after receiving a GRB alert, reaching a limiting magnitude of $\sim 19$. Our reduction of the GRB 020813 data taken with KAIT shows that unfiltered magnitudes can be reliably transformed to a standard passband with a precision of $\sim$5%, given that the color of the object is known. The GRB 020813 optical afterglow has an exceptionally slow early-time power-law decay index, though other light-curve parameters and the optical spectral index are fairly typical of GRBs.
description: PASP in press
Bounds for Distinguishing Invariants of Infinite Graphs
Creators: name: Imrich, Wilfried
name: Kalinowski, Rafał
name: Pilśniak, Monika
name: Shekarriz, Mohammad H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C15, 05C25, 05C63

description: We consider infinite graphs. The distinguishing number $D(G)$ of a graph $G$ is the minimum number of colours in a vertex colouring of $G$ that is preserved only by the trivial automorphism. An analogous invariant for edge colourings is called the distinguishing index, denoted by $D'(G)$. We prove that $D'(G)\leq D(G)+1$. For proper colourings, we study relevant invariants called the distinguishing chromatic number $χ_D(G)$, and the distinguishing chromatic index $χ'_D(G)$, for vertex and edge colourings, respectively. We show that $χ_D(G)\leq 2Δ(G)-1$ for graphs with a finite maximum degree $Δ(G)$, and we obtain substantially lower bounds for some classes of graphs with infinite motion. We also show that $χ'_D(G)\leq χ'(G)+1$, where $χ'(G)$ is the chromatic index of $G$, and we prove a similar result $χ''_D(G)\leq χ''(G)+1$ for proper total colourings. A number of conjectures are formulated.
Contemporaneous opening of the Alpine Tethys in the Eastern and Western Alps: constraints from a Late Jurassic gabbro intrusion age in the Glockner Nappe, Tauern Window, Austria
Creators: name: Gleissner, Philipp
name: Franz, Gerhard
name: Frei, Dirk
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Alpine Tethys
subject: Tauern Window
subject: Metagabbro
subject: U–Pb zircon
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: Metabasic rocks of the ophiolitic sequences of the Glockner Nappe and Eclogite Zone in the south-central Tauern Window, Austria, reveal important insights into rifting and spreading of the Alpine Tethys. U–Pb dating of magmatic zircons yields a concordant 157 ± 2 Ma crystallization age for the precursor of a coarse-grained metagabbro from the Glockner Nappe. The Late Jurassic intrusion age is coeval with mafic plutonic activity in the Western and Central Alps. Although Penninic ophiolitic sequences in tectonic windows of the Eastern Alps are usually disrupted, an ocean–continent transition setting can be reconstructed for the Glockner Nappe, similar to many ophiolites in the Liguria–Piemont domain in the Western and Central Alps. Together, these observations strongly suggest a formation in the Liguria–Piemont branch of the Alpine Tethys and are inconsistent with a formation in the Valais domain. This finding has important implications for paleogeographic reconstructions of the Penninic realm in the Eastern Alps. Whereas the Glockner Nappe metagabbro and metabasalts clearly reveal their depleted mantle origin, the metabasic rocks of the Eclogite Zone record a more complex formation history involving depleted mantle melting and crustal assimilation in a continental margin setting.
Comorbidities and psychosocial factors as correlates of self-reported falls in a nationwide sample of community-dwelling people aging with HIV in Germany
Creators: name: Drewes, Jochen
name: Ebert, Jennifer
name: Langer, Phil C.
name: Kleiber, Dieter
name: Gusy, Burkhard
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Falls
subject: Aging
subject: Geriatric syndromes
subject: HIV
subject: HIV stigma
subject: Social support
subject: Socioeconomic status
subject: Psychosocial factors
subject: 100 Philosophie und Psychologie::150 Psychologie::150 Psychologie

description: Background Falls are a frequent health problem with potentially severe consequences among the elderly. Due to the aging HIV population, there is a growing interest in falls as a geriatric syndrome in HIV research and clinical practice. Previous studies found rather high prevalences of falls in this population and focused on biomedical and demographic risk factors for falls. Psychosocial risk factors like stigma, social support or loneliness were not previously assessed as correlates of fall events in this population. Methods We assessed self-reported fall frequency in the past 12 months in a nationwide sample of 897 community-dwelling people aged 50 years or older living with HIV in Germany using a cross-sectional study design. We calculated odds of any fall for sociodemographic and HIV-related variables in bivariate analyses and for comorbidities, and psychosocial variables in bivariate and adjusted analyses. Results Eighteen percent of our participants reported at least one fall in the preceding 12 months, 12 % reported recurring falls. A lower socioeconomic status, being single and living alone were significantly associated with a higher risk for falling. An AIDS diagnosis was related to fall risk, but time since diagnosis and a detectable viral load were not. Reporting at least one comorbidity increased fall risk in our sample 2.5 times (95% CI: 1.59; 3.97). The strongest association with fall risk was found for diseases of the central nervous system, heart disease, rheumatism, osteoporosis, and chronic pain. Experienced HIV stigma (AOR: 2.11; 95% CI: 1.58; 2.83) and internalized HIV stigma (AOR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.12; 1.85), as well as social support (AOR: .92; 95% CI: .86; .99) and loneliness (AOR: 1.51; 95% CI: 1.22; 1.87) were significantly related to fall risk in bivariate and adjusted analyses. Conclusions We found a low prevalence of falls in our sample of community-dwelling people aging with HIV. Our results show evidence for a strong association between comorbidity and falling, and between psychosocial factors and falling. Especially the strong association between experienced HIV stigma and fall risk is noteworthy and adds falls to the list of health outcomes affected by HIV stigma.
On the Origin of Lyman-$α$ Blobs at High Redshift: Kinematic Evidence for a Hyperwind Galaxy at z = 3.1
Creators: name: Ohyama, Y.
name: Taniguchi, Y.
name: Kawabata, K. S.
name: Shioya, Y.
name: Murayama, T.
name: Nagao, T.
name: Takata, T.
name: Iye, M.
name: Yoshida, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present deep optical spectroscopy of an extended Ly$α$ emission-line blob located in an over-dense region at redshift $z \approx 3.1$; `blob 1' of Steidel et al. (2000). The origin of such Ly$α$ blobs has been debated for some time; two of the most plausible models are (1) that it comes from a dust-enshrouded, extreme starburst galaxy with a large-scale galactic outflow (superwind/hyperwind) or (2) that it is the cooling radiation of proto-galaxies in dark matter halos. Examination of the kinematic properties of the Ly$α$ emission-line gas should allow us to determine its nature. With this motivation, we performed optical spectroscopy of `blob 1' using the Subaru Telescope, and found that its kinematic properties can be well explained in terms of superwind activity.
description: 12 pages, including 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Active Quenching of Superconducting Nanowire Single Photon Detectors
Creators: name: Ravindran, Prasana
name: Cheng, Risheng
name: Tang, Hong
name: Bardin, Joseph C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting nanowire single photon detectors are typically biased using a constant current source and shunted in a conductance which is over an order of magnitude larger than the peak normal domain conductance of the detector. While this design choice is required to ensure quenching of the normal domain, the use of a small load resistor limits the pulse amplitude, rising-edge slew rate, and recovery time of the detector. Here, we explore the possibility of actively quenching the normal domain, thereby removing the need to shunt the detector in a small resistance. We first consider the theoretical performance of an actively quenched superconducting nanowire single photon detector and, in comparison to a passively quenched device, we predict roughly an order of magnitude improvement in the slew rate and peak voltage achieved in this configuration. The experimental performance of actively and passively quenched superconducting nanowire single photon detectors are then compared. It is shown that, in comparison to a passively quenched device, the actively quenched detectors simultaneously exhibited improved count rates, dark count rates, and timing jitter.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
Blow-up solutions to 3D Euler are hydrodynamically unstable
Creators: name: Vasseur, Alexis
name: Vishik, Misha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the interaction between the stability, and the propagation of regularity, for solutions to the incompressible 3D Euler equation. It is still unknown whether a solution with smooth initial data can develop a singularity in finite time. This article explains why the prediction of such a blow-up, via direct numerical experiments, is so difficult. It is described how, in such a scenario, the solution becomes unstable as time approaches the blow-up time.
description: 12 pages
PARTO DA VIOLÊNCIA: OS LIMITES ENTRE A CONDUTA MÉDICA NECESSÁRIA E A VIOLÊNCIA OBSTÉTRICA
Creators: name: FERNANDA MOREIRA HUDSON NASCIMENTO
name: CAIO AUGUSTO SOUZA LARA
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law

description: O tema-problema da pesquisa que se desenvolve é a violência obstétrica sofrida pelas mulheres no Brasil, muitas vezes camuflada pela liberdade médica para fazer o possível para salvar uma vida. Segundo o portal “As faces da violência obstétrica”, da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, “o termo violência obstétrica se refere aos diversos tipos de agressão a mulheres gestantes, seja no pré-natal, no parto ou pós-parto, e no atendimento de casos de abortamento”. As agressões podem ser físicas, verbais, ou até mesmo a simples recusa ao atendimento. Segundo o estudo “Mulheres brasileiras e gênero nos espaços público e privado”, feito pela Fundação Perseu Abramo em parceria com o SESC, em 2010, 1 em cada 4 mulheres no Brasil sofreram alguma forma de violência obstétrica. Mas, talvez, os dados possam ser ainda mais desconfortantes. [...]
A Characterization For 2-Self-Centered Graphs
Creators: name: Shekarriz, Mohammad Hadi
name: Mirzavaziri, Madjid
name: Mirzavaziri, Kamyar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C12, 05C69

description: A Graph is called 2-self-centered if its diameter and radius both equal to 2. In this paper, we begin characterizing these graphs by characterizing edge-maximal 2-self-centered graphs via their complements. Then we split characterizing edge-minimal 2-self-centered graphs into two cases. First, we characterize edge-minimal 2-self-centered graphs without triangles by introducing \emph{specialized bi-independent covering (SBIC)} and a structure named \emph{generalized complete bipartite graph (GCBG)}. Then, we complete characterization by characterizing edge-minimal 2-self-centered graphs with some triangles. Hence, the main characterization is done since a graph is 2-self-centered if and only if it is a spanning subgraph of some edge-maximal 2-self-centered graphs and, at the same time, it is a spanning supergraph of some edge-minimal 2-self-centered graphs.
Modeling of a MeV-scale Particle Detector Based on Organic Liquid Scintillator
Creators: name: Malyshkin, Yu. M.
name: Gangapshev, A. M.
name: Gavrin, V. N.
name: Ibragimova, T. V.
name: Kochkarov, M. M.
name: Kazalov, V. V.
name: Kudrin, D. Yu.
name: Kuzminov, V. V.
name: Lubsandorzhiev, B. K.
name: Novikova, G. Ya.
name: Petkov, V. B.
name: Sidorenkov, A. Yu.
name: Ushakov, N. A.
name: Veretenkin, E. P.
name: Voronin, D. M.
name: Yanovich, E. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detectors based on the liquid scintillator (LS) monitored by an array of photo-multiplier tubes (PMT) are often used in low energy experiments such as neutrino oscillation studies and search for dark matter. Detectors of this kind operate in an energy range spanning from hundreds of keV to a few GeV providing a few percent resolution at energies above 1 MeV and allowing to observe fine spectral features. This article gives a brief overview of relevant physical processes and introduces a new universal simulation tool LSMC (Liquid Scintillator Monte Carlo) for simulation of LS-based detectors equipped with PMT arrays. This tool is based on the Geant4 framework and provides supplementing functionality for ease of configuration and comprehensive output. The usage of LSMC is illustrated by modeling and optimization of a compact detector prototype currently being built at Baksan Neutrino Observatory.
Determination of phenolic constituents with LC-MS/MS and cytotoxicity evaluation of ‘tar’ from Pinus nigra Arnold (Pinaceae)
Creators: name: Özgen, Arzu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology

description: In folk medicine, ‘tar’ is an essential drug in every situation and is obtained from Pinus nigra Arnold (Pinaceae), which is very common in Anatolia, especially in the Mediterranean Basin. This study aims to evaluate the chemical composition and determine cytotoxicity effects on the HeLa cell line and L929 cell line of the tar. The analysis of tar by LC-MS/MS revealed ten phenolic compounds: oxalic acid, salicylic acid, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid, and 3-hydroxycinnamic acid. Besides, total phenolic content (62.31 ± 0.31 mg GAE/g) and flavonoid content (3.43 ± 0.0006 mg QE/g) were determined. Cell viability was determined by MTT analysis. Tar has a significant cytotoxicity effect on the HeLa cell line in concentrations 100, 50, 25, 12.5, and 6.25 µg/mL. IC50 value of tar on HeLa cell was 132.9 µg/mL.
The Optimal Energy Mix in Power Generation and the Contribution from Natural Gas in Reducing Carbon Emissions to 2030 and Beyond
Creators: name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Tavoni, Massimo
name: Longden, Thomas
name: Marangoni, Giacomo
name: Carraro, Carlo
name: Tavoni, Massimo
name: Longden, Thomas
name: Marangoni, Giacomo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: EU Climate Policy
subject: Energy Markets
subject: Gas Share
subject: Carbon Pricing
subject: Renewables Target

description: This paper analyses a set of new scenarios for energy markets in Europe to evaluate the consistency of economic incentives and climate objectives. It focuses in particular on the role of natural gas across a range of climate policy scenarios (including the Copenhagen Pledges and the EU Roadmap) to identify whether current trends and policies are leading to an economically efficient and, at the same time, climate friendly, energy mix. Economic costs and environmental objectives are balanced to identify the welfare-maximising development path, the related investment strategies in the energy sector, and the resulting optimal energy mix. Policy measures to support this balanced economic development are identified. A specific sensitivity analysis upon the role of the 2020 renewable targets and increased energy efficiency improvements is also carried out. We conclude that a suitable and sustained carbon price needs to be implemented to move energy markets in Europe closer to the optimal energy mix. We also highlight that an appropriate carbon pricing is sufficient to achieve both the emission target and the renewable target, without incurring in high economic costs if climate policy is not too ambitious and/or it is internationally coordinated. Finally, our results show that natural gas is the key transitional fuel within the cost-effective achievement of a range of climate policy targets.
10 D Euclidean quantum gravity on the lattice
Creators: name: Veselov, A. I.
name: Zubkov, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: 10 D Euclidean quantum gravity is investigated numerically using the dynamical triangulation approach. It has been found that the behavior of the model is similar to that of the lower dimensional models. However, it turns out that there are a few features that are not present in the lower dimensional models.
description: 3 pages, talk presented at Lattice2003
Research in Agricultural Economics 1919-1990:Seventy-two Years of Change
Creators: name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
name: Debertin, David L.
name: Pagoulatos, Angelos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1991
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: research methodology
subject: agricultural economics method
subject: quantitative technique

description: In this article, we trace the historical development of analytical (quantitative) research techniques used in empirical agricultural economics research by examining the articles in volumes of the Journal of Farm Economics (JFE) and the American Journal of Agricultural Economics (AJAE) from its inception in 1919 to 1990, a total of 72 years. We first determine for each article whether or not empirical results were obtained and then identified the particular quantitative technique employed in order to obtain the results. Then articles are classified with respect to the type of quantitative technique employed. As we reviewed the literature, we attempt to identify studies which marked the first appearance of a particular quantitative method in a JFE or AJAE article. We analyze key trends and illustrate them with a series charts to reveal changes in quantitative techniques used by researchers in writing for the JFE and AJAE. Finally, we explore the implications of these trends for future agricultural economics research.
Planet finding prospects for the Space Interferometry Mission
Creators: name: Ford, Eric B.
name: Tremaine, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) will make precise astrometric measurements that can be used to detect planets around nearby stars. We have simulated SIM observations and estimated the ability of SIM to detect planets with given masses and orbital periods and measure their orbital elements. We combine these findings with an estimate of the mass and period distribution of planets determined from radial velocity surveys to predict the number and characteristics of planets SIM would likely find. Our predictions are based on extrapolating the mass distribution of known extrasolar planets by up to a factor of 100. This extrapolation provides the best prediction we can make of the actual number of planets that SIM will detect and characterize, but may substantially over- or underestimate the frequency of Earth-mass planets, especially if these form by a different mechanism than giant planets. We find that SIM is likely to detect 1-5 planets with masses less than 3 M_Earth (depending on mission parameters). SIM would measure masses and orbits with 30% accuracy for 0-2 of these planets, but is unlikely to measure orbits with 10% accuracy for more than one of them. SIM is likely to detect 5-25 planets with mass less than 20 M_Earth, measure masses and orbits with 30% accuracy for 2-12 of these, and measure masses and orbits with 10% accuracy for 2-8 such planets. SIM is likely to find 25-160 planets of all masses, depending on the observing strategy and mission lifetime.
description: 30 pages, 12 figures, submitted
Phenacorhamdia roxoi Silva 2020
Creators: name: De Oliveira, Rianne C.
name: Ota, Renata R.
name: Deprá, Gabriel C.
name: Zawadzki, Cláudio H.
name: Pavanelli, Carla S.
name: Da Graça, Weferson J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Heptapteridae
Phenacorhamdia
Phenacorhamdia roxoi

description: Phenacorhamdia roxoi Silva, 2020: 276, fig. 1.
Paratypes: 1 lot, 2 specimens —NUP 22697, 2, 44.2−56.2 mm SL: Brazil, São Paulo, Botucatu, córrego Hortelã, rio Parapanema basin, upper rio Paraná basin, 22°55’24.0”S, 48°32’41.0”W, G.S.C. Silva, F.F. Roxo, 01 Feb 2020.
description: Published as part of De Oliveira, Rianne C., Ota, Renata R., Deprá, Gabriel C., Zawadzki, Cláudio H., Pavanelli, Carla S. & Da Graça, Weferson J., 2022, Catalog of type specimens of the fish collection of the Núcleo de Pesquisas em Limnologia, Ictiologia e Aquicultura (NUP), Universidade Estadual de Maringá Paraná, Brazil, pp. 1-43 in Zootaxa 5128 (1) on page 32, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5128.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6479497
Non-Hermitian Ring Laser Gyroscopes with Enhanced Sagnac Sensitivity
Creators: name: Hokmabadi, Mohammad P.
name: Schumer, Alexander
name: Christodoulides, Demetrios N.
name: Khajavikhan, Mercedeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gyroscopes play a crucial role in many and diverse applications associated with navigation, positioning, and inertial sensing [1]. In general, most optical gyroscopes rely on the Sagnac effect -- a relativistically induced phase shift that scales linearly with the rotational velocity [2,3]. In ring laser gyroscopes (RLGs), this shift manifests itself as a resonance splitting in the emission spectrum that can be detected as a beat frequency [4]. The need for ever-more precise RLGs has fueled research activities towards devising new approaches aimed to boost the sensitivity beyond what is dictated by geometrical constraints. In this respect, attempts have been made in the past to use either dispersive or nonlinear effects [5-8]. Here, we experimentally demonstrate an altogether new route based on non-Hermitian singularities or exceptional points in order to enhance the Sagnac scale factor [9-13]. Our results not only can pave the way towards a new generation of ultrasensitive and compact ring laser gyroscopes, but they may also provide practical approaches for developing other classes of integrated sensors.
description: 15 pages