cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Value Chain Analysis of Indigenous Vegetables from Malawi and Mozambique
Creators: name: Chagomoka, Takemore
name: Afari-Sefa, Victor
name: Pitoro, Raul
name: Chagomoka, Takemore
name: Afari-Sefa, Victor
name: Pitoro, Raul
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: African traditional vegetables
subject: commodity value chains
subject: value chain mapping
subject: marketing efficiency
subject: Micronutrient adequacy
subject: SWOT analysis

description: Several studies have shown that indigenous vegetables have high market potential and contribute substantially to household incomes. Until quite recently however, research into development of indigenous vegetables were neglected by the scientific and donor community. With a resurgence of their importance in human nutrition, there is the need to understand the interactions among various actors in the value chain so as to be able to improve marketing efficiency by adding value to produce. Based on a multistage cross-sectional primary data of 240 respondents in Malawi and Mozambique this study employed participatory evaluation and market research of wide range of indigenous vegetable value chain to identify potential outlets and target crops and, define processes of the value chains, including choice of market outlets and mode of farmer-buyer linkages. Value chain mapping was used to establish linkages among chain actors while SWOT analysis was used to identify constraints and opportunities in the value chain. In Malawi, amaranth, Ethiopian mustard and black jack are the most important indigenous vegetable while pumpkin, okra, tomato and cabbage are the most important globally important vegetables. In Mozambique, African eggplant, amaranth, jute mallow, Ethiopian mustard and wild cucumber are the most important indigenous vegetables while pumpkin, cowpea, kale, onions, tomato, cabbage, and okra are the most important exotic vegetables. The results indicate that indigenous vegetable sales contribute about 35% and 30% of the small-holders income in Malawi and Mozambique respectively. Most linkages between value chain actors are spot market transactions except for that between retailers and supermarket which are based on relationship marketing. The findings of the study also indicate that 12% of respondents in Malawi and 6% of respondents in Mozambique process their indigenous vegetables.
Compositional and orientational ordering in rod-coil diblock copolymer melts
Creators: name: Reenders, Manuel
name: Brinke, Gerrit ten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase behavior of a melt of monodisperse rod-coil diblocks is studied. We derive a Landau free energy functional for both a compositional and a nematic order parameter. The excluded volume interaction between the rod blocks is modeled by an attractive Maier-Saupe interaction. The incompatibility between rod- and coil blocks is modeled by the usual Flory-Huggins interaction. For a large volume fraction of the rods, a transition from isotropic to nematic to smectic C is observed upon decreasing the temperature, whereas for small rod volume fraction, spherical, hexagonal, and lamellar structures prevail. In the smectic C phase, the rod orientation angle with respect to the lamellar normal increases rapidly from 35 to 40 degrees close to the nematic/smectic-C phase boundary to values between 45 and 55 degrees.
description: 33pp. 8 figs (REVTeX). Typos in Eqs.(10), (28), and (B.36)-(B.39) corrected
Evidence for Gauge/Gravity Correspondence for D$p$-branes at Weak 't Hooft Coupling
Creators: name: Sekino, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider gauge/gravity correspondence for general Dp-branes with $0\le p\le 4$, namely, the duality between the (p+1)-dimensional maximally supersymmetric Yang-Mills theory and superstring theory on the near-horizon limit of the Dp-brane solution. It has been known that in the large N gauge theory at zero temperature and strong 't Hooft coupling, the two-point functions of operators corresponding to supergravity modes obey power-law, with a power different from the free-field value when $p\neq 3$. In this work, we show that the free-field result of gauge theory can be reproduced from the bulk string theory, for the two-point function of an operator Tr(Z^J), where Z is a complex combination of two scalar fields. We assume the spatial direction of worldsheet is discretized into J bits, and use the fact that these bits become independent particles when string tension is zero.
description: 5 pages
Interaction patterns determining improved information and knowledge sharing among smallholder farmers participating in field-based learning alliances in eastern Zimbabwe
Creators: name: Mashavave, T.
name: Mapfumo, P.
name: Mtambanengwe, F.
name: Chikowo, R.
name: Gwandu, T.
name: Nezomba, H.
name: Siziba, S.
name: Mashavave, T.
name: Mapfumo, P.
name: Mtambanengwe, F.
name: Chikowo, R.
name: Gwandu, T.
name: Nezomba, H.
name: Siziba, S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Farm Management
subject: adoption cycle
subject: farmer perceptions
subject: integrated soil fertility management
subject: learning alliance
subject: social network analysis

description: Limited access to timely and adequate information has been identified as a major impediment to the growth of smallholder agriculture in most parts of sub-Saharan Africa. This has negatively affected the socio-economic welfare of smallholder farmers resulting in high numbers of food insecure households. The potential of smallholder farmer social interactions for improved integrated soil fertility management (ISFM) information and knowledge access and sharing, was explored by understanding the smallholder social network structural layout and the role of social interactions on innovation learning cycle in the context of field-based learning alliances established by the Soil Fertility Consortium for Southern Africa (SOFECSA). Smallholder farmers within learning alliances had a denser network structure of social interactions. Closeness centrality indices were generally higher for participatory action research (PAR) participants than non-participants suggesting that field-based learning alliances facilitate improved social interactions subsequently shortening the innovation dissemination horizon.
Condensate statistics in interacting Bose gases: exact results
Creators: name: Carusotto, Iacopo
name: Castin, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a Quantum Monte Carlo method alternative to the Path Integral Monte Carlo method was developed for the numerical solution of the N-boson problem; it is based on the stochastic evolution of classical fields. Here we apply it to obtain exact results for the occupation statistics of the condensate mode in a weakly interacting trapped one-dimensional Bose gas. The temperature is varied across the critical region down to temperatures lower than the trap level spacing. We verify that the number-conserving Bogoliubov theory gives accurate predictions provided that the non-condensed fraction is small.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures; typo corrected in eq.5; references added
title: Compound events in Germany in 2018: drivers and case studies
Creators: name: Xoplaki, Elena
name: Ellsäßer, Florian
name: Grieger, Jens
name: Nissen, Katrin M.
name: Pinto, Joaquim G.
name: Augenstein, Markus
name: Chen, Ting-Chen
name: Feldmann, Hendrik
name: Friederichs, Petra
name: Gliksman, Daniel
name: Goulier, Laura
name: Haustein, Karsten
name: Heinke, Jens
name: Jach, Lisa
name: Knutzen, Florian
name: Kollet, Stefan
name: Luterbacher, Jürg
name: Luther, Niklas
name: Mohr, Susanna
name: Mudersbach, Christoph
name: Müller, Christoph
name: Rousi, Efi
name: Simon, Felix
name: Suarez-Gutierrez, Laura
name: Szemkus, Svenja
name: Vallejo-Bernal, Sara M.
name: Vlachopoulos, Odysseas
name: Wolf, Frederik
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Compound events
subject: Germany
subject: case studies
classificationCode: 550
subject: Geowissenschaften

description: Europe frequently experiences a wide range of extreme events and natural hazards, including heatwaves, extreme precipitation, droughts, cold spells, windstorms, and storm surges. Many of these events do not occur as single extreme events but rather show a multivariate character, known as compound events. We investigate the interactions between extreme weather events, their characteristics, and changes in their intensity and frequency, as well as uncertainties in the past, present, and future. We also explore their impacts on various socio-economic sectors in Germany and central Europe. This contribution highlights several case studies with special focus on 2018, a year marked by an exceptional sequence of compound events across large parts of Europe, resulting in severe impacts on human lives, ecosystems, and infrastructure. We provide new insights into the drivers of spatially and temporally compound events, such as heat and drought, and heavy precipitation combined with extreme winds, and their adverse effects on ecosystems and society, using large-scale atmospheric patterns. We also examine the interannual influence of droughts on surface water and the impact of water scarcity and heatwaves on agriculture and forests. We assess projected changes in compound events at different current and future global surface temperature levels, demonstrating the need for improved quantification of future extreme events to support adaptation planning. Finally, we address research gaps and future directions, stressing the importance of defining composite events primarily in terms of their impacts prior to their statistical characterisation.
Selected Aspect of the Microbreweries Boom
Creators: name: Maier, Tomas
name: Maier, Tomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Microbrewery
subject: Beer
subject: Industrial Brewery
subject: Demography
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: CAMRA.

description: This article aims to use three quantitatively stated hypotheses to determine the reasons for the rise of microbreweries in the Czech Republic, whose numbers have been growing constantly since 1991. The explanations defined by the hypotheses are concentration growth, and thus the fall in the number of units of production in the industrial brewery segment, the quantitative impact of beer consumption, and finally again a quantitatively-defined demographic aspect. The results are summarised and elaborated on in the conclusion.
Additional file 1 of Psychosocial, emotional and professional challenges faced by female healthcare professionals during the COVID-19 outbreak in Lahore, Pakistan: a qualitative study
Creators: name: Sumbal Shahbaz
name: Ashraf, Muhammad Zeshan
name: Rubeena Zakar
name: Fischer, Florian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States May/June 1993
Creators: name: Warden, Thomas
name: Warden, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: U.S. agricultural exports were virtually unchanged from a year earlier during the first 7 months of FY 1993, rising 2 percent to $26.8 billion. Agricultural imports for October 1992 to April 1993 totaled $14.6 billion, 4 percent higher than for the same period last year... About 17 percent of all U.S. agricultural production was exported in FY 1992, up from 1991's 16 percent and marking the first gain in 3 years.
A spectral stacking analysis to search for faint outflow signatures in z~6 quasars
Creators: name: Stanley, F.
name: Jolly, J. B.
name: König, S.
name: Knudsen, K. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Outflows in quasars during the early epochs of galaxy evolution are an important part of the feedback mechanisms potentially affecting the evolution of the host galaxy. However, systematic observations of outflows are only now becoming possible with the advent of sensitive mm telescopes. In this study we use spectral stacking methods to search for faint high velocity outflow signal in a sample of [C II] detected, z ~ 6 quasars. We search for broad emission line signatures from high-velocity outflows for a sample of 26 z ~ 6 quasars observed with ALMA, with a detection of the [C II] line. The observed emission lines of the sources are dominated by the host galaxy, and outflow emission is not detected for the individual sources. We use a spectral line stacking analysis developed for interferometric data to search for outflow emission. We stack both extracted spectra and the full spectral cubes. We also investigate the possibility that only a sub-set of our sample contributes to the stacked outflow emission. We find only a tentative detection of a broad emission line component in the stacked spectra. When taking a region of about 2 arcsec around the source central position of the stacked cubes, the stacked line shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.1-1.5 sigma, but the significance drops to 0.4-0.7 sigma when stacking the extracted spectra from a smaller region. The broad component can be characterised by a line width of full width half max FWHM > 700 km/s. Furthermore, we find a sub-sample of 12 sources the stack of which maximises the broad component emission. The stack of this sub-sample shows an excess emission due to a broad component of 1.2-2.5 sigma. The stacked line of these sources has a broad component of FWHM > 775 km/s. Deeper ALMA observations are necessary to confirm the presence of a broad component in the individual spectra.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication by A&A
Safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin in Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes: interim analysis from a post-marketing surveillance study
Creators: name: Kaku, Kohei
name: Chin, Rina
name: Naito, Yusuke
name: Iliev, Hristo
name: Ikeda, Rie
name: Ochiai, Kaori
name: Atsutaka Yasui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Background: Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors are effective treatments for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). We present the interim findings of an ongoing post-marketing surveillance (PMS) study in Japanese patients with T2DM receiving empagliflozin. Research design and methods: This 3-year, prospective, observational, multicenter PMS evaluated the safety and effectiveness of empagliflozin in Japanese clinical practice. Patients with T2DM who had not been treated with empagliflozin before enrollment were eligible. Assessments, including the primary endpoint of incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), were based on electronic case report forms (eCRF). Results: Of 8,180 registered patients from 1,103 sites, 7,618 patients had an eCRF including a follow-up visit and were treated (mean age, 58.8 years; 10.5% aged ≥75 years; 63.2% male; mean HbA1c, 8.01%; 41.8% with HbA1c ≥8.0%; 24.8% and 61.8% with at least mild hepatic and renal impairment, respectively). Mean treatment duration was 98.4 weeks; 644 (8.5%) patients had ≥1 ADR, including 8.5% of patients aged ≥75 years. Hypoglycemia, urinary tract infection, genital infections, volume depletion, diabetic ketoacidosis, and lower limb amputation occurred in 0.28%, 0.62%, 0.53%, 0.33%, 0%, and 0.03% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: The reported ADRs were consistent with the known safety profile of empagliflozin. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02489942.
The virtual Haken conjecture: Experiments and examples
Creators: name: Dunfield, Nathan M
name: Thurston, William P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57M05, 57M10, 57M27, 20E26, 20F05

description: A 3-manifold is Haken if it contains a topologically essential surface. The Virtual Haken Conjecture says that every irreducible 3-manifold with infinite fundamental group has a finite cover which is Haken. Here, we discuss two interrelated topics concerning this conjecture. First, we describe computer experiments which give strong evidence that the Virtual Haken Conjecture is true for hyperbolic 3-manifolds. We took the complete Hodgson-Weeks census of 10,986 small-volume closed hyperbolic 3-manifolds, and for each of them found finite covers which are Haken. There are interesting and unexplained patterns in the data which may lead to a better understanding of this problem. Second, we discuss a method for transferring the virtual Haken property under Dehn filling. In particular, we show that if a 3-manifold with torus boundary has a Seifert fibered Dehn filling with hyperbolic base orbifold, then most of the Dehn filled manifolds are virtually Haken. We use this to show that every non-trivial Dehn surgery on the figure-8 knot is virtually Haken.
description: Published by Geometry and Topology at http://www.maths.warwick.ac.uk/gt/GTVol7/paper12.abs.html
Additional file 1 of False lumen pressure estimation in type B aortic dissection using 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance: comparisons with aortic growth
Creators: name: Marlevi, David
name: Sotelo, Julio A.
name: Grogan-Kaylor, Ross
name: Ahmed, Yunus
name: Uribe, Sergio
name: Himanshu J. Patel
name: Elazer R. Edelman
name: Nordsletten, David A.
name: Burris, Nicholas S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Additional material - Appendix A (Relative pressure estimation by vWERP) and B (Reproducibility analysis).
Additional file 1 of Monthly migraine days, tablet utilization, and quality of life associated with Rimegepant – post hoc results from an open label safety study (BHV3000–201)
Creators: name: Johnston, Karissa
name: Harris, Linda
name: Powell, Lauren
name: Popoff, Evan
name: Coric, Vladimir
name: L’Italien, Gilbert
name: Schreiber, Curtis P.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Appendix I – Design of Study BHV3000-201.
title: Sulfonium-based polymethacrylamides for antimicrobial use: influence of the structure and composition†
Creators: name: Kanwal, Sidra
name: Aziz, Umer Bin Abdul
name: Quaas, Elisa
name: Achazi, Katharina
name: Klinger, Daniel
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: new antibiotics
subject: antimicrobial polymers
subject: sulfonium-based polymethacrylamides
classificationCode: 615
subject: Pharmakologie, Therapeutik

description: We are facing a shortage of new antibiotics to fight against increasingly resistant bacteria. As an alternative to conventional small molecule antibiotics, antimicrobial polymers (AMPs) have great potential. These polymers contain cationic and hydrophobic groups and disrupt bacterial cell membranes through a combination of electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. While most examples focus on ammonium-based cations, sulfonium groups are recently emerging to broaden the scope of polymeric therapeutics. Here, main-chain sulfonium polymers exhibit good antimicrobial activity. In contrast, the potential of side-chain sulfonium polymers remains less explored with structure–activity relationships still being limited. To address this limitation, we thoroughly investigated key factors influencing antimicrobial activity in side-chain sulfonium-based AMPs. For this, we combined sulfonium cations with different hydrophobic (aliphatic/aromatic) and hydrophilic polyethylene glycol (PEG) groups to create a library of polymers with comparable chain lengths. For all compositions, we additionally examined the position of cationic and hydrophobic groups on the polymer backbone, i.e. , we systematically compared same center and different center structures. Bactericidal tests against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria suggest that same center polymers are more active than different center polymers of similar clog  P . Ultimately, sulfonium-based AMPs show superior bactericidal activity and selectivity when compared to their quaternary ammonium cationic analogues.
Kinematic signatures of cluster formation from cool collapse in the Lagoon Nebula cluster NGC 6530
Creators: name: Wright, Nicholas J.
name: Parker, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the mass-dependence of the velocity dispersion of stars in the young cluster NGC 6530 to better understand how it formed. Using a large sample of members we find that the proper motion velocity dispersion increases with stellar mass. While this trend is the opposite to that predicted if the cluster were developing energy equipartition, it is in agreement with recent N-body simulations that find such a trend develops because of the Spitzer instability. In these simulations the massive stars sink to the centre of the cluster and form a self-gravitating system with a higher velocity dispersion. If the cluster has formed by the cool collapse of an initially substructured distribution then this occurs within 1-2 Myr, in agreement with our observations of NGC 6530. We therefore conclude that NGC 6530 formed from much more extended initial conditions and has since collapsed to form the cluster we see now. This cluster formation model is inconsistent with the idea that all stars form in dense, compact clusters and provides the first dynamical evidence that star clusters can form by hierarchical mergers between subclusters.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Identifying characteristic features of metabolic states using genome-scale metabolic models
Creators: name: Chaitra Sarathy
name: Breuer, Marian
name: Kutmon, Martina
name: Adriaens, Michiel E.
name: Evelo, Chris T.
name: Arts, Ilja C. W.
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2020

description: This work introduces a new tool to compare any metabolic state of interest using genome-scale metabolic models.
Additional file 1 of Feasibility of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound performed by clinicians at health centers in Tanzania
Creators: name: Kimambo, Delilah
name: Kennedy, Samuel
name: Engerasiya Kifai
name: Neema Kailembo
name: Eichberg, Christie
name: Markosky, Sarah
name: Ishan Shah
name: Powers, Eric
name: Zwerner, Peter
name: Dorman, Susan E.
name: Janabi, Mohamed
name: Bayer, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1. Figure S1: 10Q Anatomy & Physiology assessment.
Willingness to Pay for Carbon Reduction Against Climate Change: A Social Survey in Beijing, China.pdf
Creators: name: Wu, Hao
name: Zhang, Nan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we conducted a social survey focused on carbon emission reduction against climate change in Beijing, China, and employed the dichotomy questionnaire based on Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to explore the applicability of the contingent valuation on estimating maximum willingness to pay(WTP) of climate change in China. The results show that the questionnaire based on single boundary(SB) and the questionnaire based on double-boundary(DB), which estimates the average maximum willingness to pay is 213 yuan and 237 yuan per year, respectively, besides, the 95% confidence intervals for the average maximum willingness to pay are estimated to be 157 ~ 322 yuan and 169 ~ 312 yuan per year, respectively. Compared with the single-boundary, the double-boundary method can bring more information about the respondents' willingness to pay, thereby reducing the estimated confidence interval and improving the estimation accuracy of the maximum willingness to pay (WTP).
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States July/August 1993
Creators: name: Warden, Thomas
name: Warden, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Agribusiness
International Relations/Trade

description: Offsetting changes among the broad mix of commodities exported by the United States kept the total value of U.S. agricultural exports at $33.3 billion during the first 9 months of FY 1993, virtually unchanged from a year earlier. U.S. agricultural imports for October 1992-June 1993 reached $18.8 billion as a result of expanding imports of competitive products.
Design and Simulation of THz Quantum Cascade Lasers
Creators: name: Koehler, R.
name: Iotti, R. C.
name: Tredicucci, A.
name: Rossi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Strategies and concepts for the design of THz emitters based on the quantum cascade scheme are analyzed and modeled in terms of a fully three-dimensional Monte Carlo approach; this allows for a proper inclusion of both carrier-carrier and carrier-phonon scattering mechanisms. Starting from the simulation of previously published far-infrared emitters, where no population inversion is achieved, two innovative designs are proposed. The first one follows the well-established chirped-superlattice scheme whereas the second one employs a double-quantum well superlattice to allow energy relaxation through optical phonon emission. For both cases a significant population inversion is predicted at temperatures up to 80 K.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables
Twisted Vortices in a Gauge Field Theory
Creators: name: Lübcke, M.
name: Nasir, S. M.
name: Niemi, A.
name: Torokoff, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We inspect a particular gauge field theory model that describes the properties of a variety of physical systems, including a charge neutral two-component plasma, a Gross-Pitaevskii functional of two charged Cooper pair condensates, and a limiting case of the bosonic sector in the Salam-Weinberg model. It has been argued that this field theory model also admits stable knot-like solitons. Here we produce numerical evidence in support for the existence of these solitons, by considering stable axis-symmetric solutions that can be thought of as straight twisted vortex lines clamped at the two ends. We compute the energy of these solutions as a function of the amount of twist per unit length. The result can be described in terms of a energy spectral function. We find that this spectral function acquires a minimum which corresponds to a nontrivial twist per unit length, strongly suggesting that the model indeed supports stable toroidal solitons.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, title changed, minor revisions, and more references added
Minnivola Iredale 1939
Creators: name: Dijkstra, Henk H.
name: Beu, Alan G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Bivalvia
Pectinida
Pectinidae
Minnivola

description: Minnivola Iredale, 1939
 Minnivola Iredale, 1939: 363. Type species (by original designation): Minnivola isomeres Iredale, 1939 (= Ostrea pyxidata Born, 1778); Recent, Queensland.
 Diagnosis. Moderate-sized Mimachlamydini with a somewhat concave left valve and convex right valve, mimicking the appearance of Pecten; semi-circular, with auricles slightly unequal in size, byssal notch moderately deep, functional ctenolium present, radial macrosculpture present, shallowly pitted microsculpture on pre-radial area of left valve, reticulate “pseudo-shagreen” microsculpture on left valve at least in early ontogeny, weak commarginal microsculpture on right valve, and on left valve in late ontogeny. Internal rib carinae moderately prominent around ventral margin. Hinge teeth weak.
 Distribution. Miocene–Recent (Hayami, 1989: 16). Indo-West Pacific, living in the littoral zone on soft sediment.
 Discussion. Hertlein (1969: N371) placed Minnivola in the Pecten (Patinopecten) subgroup, merely based on the reticulate microsculpture of the left valve. Other morphological characters are similar to those of Pecten, although it is now clear that this is another confusing convergence resulting from similarity in life habit rather than from close phylogentic relationship. Patinopecten is currently placed in Pedinae, tribe Fortipectinini (see Kafanov, 1986; Waller, 1991, 2006a).
 The molecular phylogeny by Mahidol et al. (2007: fig. 3) placed Minnivola in the same clade as several Mimachlamys species. T. R. Waller (USNM, pers. comm. 1 July 2017) has advised us that both Minnivola and Volachlamys species have a shallowly pitted pre-radial area on the left valve, as in Mimachlamys. They also share a unique form of “pseudoshagreen” microsculpture, in which the individual cells are not closed over the outer surface to form a secondary shell surface, as occurs in true shagreen microsculpture in Pedini. In both Minnivola and Volachlamys, the internal rib carinae are weaker than in Mimachlamys species, suggesting that they occupy a primitive position in Mimachlamydini. A position within Mimachlamydini was also suggested for Volachlamys by the molecular phylogeny of Matsumoto (2003: fig. 2) and is clearly implied by the molecular phylogeny of Feng et al. (2011: figs 1–3). T. R. Waller has therefore concluded that both Minnivola and Volachlamys likely belong in Mimachlamydini, and we follow his opinon here. We have not rearranged the plates to follow this conclusion.
description: Published as part of Dijkstra, Henk H. & Beu, Alan G., 2018, Living Scallops of Australia and Adjacent Waters (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Pectinoidea: Propeamussiidae, Cyclochlamydidae and Pectinidae), pp. 113-330 in Records of the Australian Museum (Rec. Aust. Mus.) (Rec. Aust. Mus.) 70 (2) on page 294, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.70.2018.1670, http://zenodo.org/record/5299017
Loading and Cooling in an Optical Trap via Hyperfine Dark States
Creators: name: Naik, D. S.
name: Eneriz-Imaz, H.
name: Carey, M.
name: Freegarde, T.
name: Minardi, F.
name: Battelier, B.
name: Bouyer, P.
name: Bertoldi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel optical cooling scheme that relies on hyperfine dark states to enhance loading and cooling atoms inside deep optical dipole traps. We demonstrate a seven-fold increase in the number of atoms loaded in the conservative potential with strongly shifted excited states. In addition, we use the energy selective dark-state to efficiently cool the atoms trapped inside the conservative potential rapidly and without losses. Our findings open the door to optically assisted cooling of trapped atoms and molecules which lack the closed cycling transitions normally needed to achieve low temperatures and the high initial densities required for evaporative cooling.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures + supplemental material 2 pages
Additional file 2 of Association between a single mother family and childhood undervaccination, and mediating effect of household income: a nationwide, prospective birth cohort from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
Creators: name: Kuroda, Hiroyuki
name: Goto, Atsushi
name: Kawakami, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Kouji
name: Ito, Shuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2.
Additional file 2 of Feasibility of point-of-care cardiac ultrasound performed by clinicians at health centers in Tanzania
Creators: name: Kimambo, Delilah
name: Kennedy, Samuel
name: Engerasiya Kifai
name: Neema Kailembo
name: Eichberg, Christie
name: Markosky, Sarah
name: Ishan Shah
name: Powers, Eric
name: Zwerner, Peter
name: Dorman, Susan E.
name: Janabi, Mohamed
name: Bayer, Richard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 2. Figure S2: 20Q Ultrasound Images assessment.
Microscopic universality of complex matrix model correlation functions at weak non-Hermiticity
Creators: name: Akemann, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microscopic correlation functions of non-chiral random matrix models with complex eigenvalues are analyzed for a wide class of non-Gaussian measures. In the large-N limit of weak non-Hermiticity, where N is the size of the complex matrices, we can prove that all k-point correlation functions including an arbitrary number of Dirac mass terms are universal close to the origin. To this aim we establish the universality of the asymptotics of orthogonal polynomials in the complex plane. The universality of the correlation functions then follows from that of the kernel of orthogonal polynomials and a mapping of massive to massless correlators.
description: 13 pages
Revisiting pre-inflationary universe of family of $α-$attractor in loop quantum cosmology
Creators: name: Shahalam, M.
name: Ajmi, Mudhahir Al
name: Myrzakulov, R.
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we revisit the dynamics of pre-inflationary universe with a family of $α-$attractor potentials, in the framework of loop quantum cosmology, in which the big bang singularity is generically resolved purely with quantum geometric effects, and replaced by a quantum bounce. At the bounce, the background evolution is divided into two distinct classes, the first is dominated by the kinetic energy of the inflaton field and the second by the potential energy. In both classes, we find the physically viable initial conditions numerically that provide not only the slow-roll inflation, but also sufficient e-folds to be compatible with observations. In the entire range of kinetic energy dominated initial conditions (except some subsets of Models 2 and 4), the background evolution prior to reheating is always split into three different phases: bouncing, transition and slow-roll inflation. In the bouncing phase, the numerical evolution of the scale factor is independent not only of the initial data, but also the inflationary potentials, as long as it is dominated by the kinetic energy, and can be well approximated by an analytical solution, whereas in the potential energy dominated case, such approximated results do not exist. Moreover, we study the phase space analysis for a class of $α-$attractor potentials, and discuss the phase space trajectories for physically viable initial conditions of the inflaton field.
description: 18 pages, 6 caption figures, 4 tables, typos corrected
Willingness to Pay for Carbon Reduction Against Climate Change A Social Survey in Beijing China.pdf
Creators: name: Wu, Hao
name: Zhang, Nan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140205 Environment and Resource Economics
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this paper, we conducted a social survey focused on carbon emission reduction against climate change in Beijing, China, and employed the dichotomy questionnaire based on Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) to explore the applicability of the contingent valuation on estimating maximum willingness to pay(WTP) of climate change in China. The results show that the questionnaire based on single boundary(SB) and the questionnaire based on double-boundary(DB), which estimates the average maximum willingness to pay is 213 yuan and 237 yuan per year, respectively, besides, the 95% confidence intervals for the average maximum willingness to pay are estimated to be 157 ~ 322 yuan and 169 ~ 312 yuan per year, respectively. Compared with the single-boundary, the double-boundary method can bring more information about the respondents' willingness to pay, thereby reducing the estimated confidence interval and improving the estimation accuracy of the maximum willingness to pay (WTP).
MPEC 2024-B52 : 2024 BD1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2024 BD1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Simulations of Early Structure Formation: Primordial Gas Clouds
Creators: name: Yoshida, Naoki
name: Abel, Tom
name: Hernquist, Lars
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We use large cosmological simulations to study the origin of primordial star-forming clouds in a Lambda CDM universe, by following the formation of dark matter halos and the cooling of gas within them. To model the physics of chemically pristine gas, we employ a non-equilibrium treatment of the chemistry of 9 species and include cooling by molecular hydrogen. We explore the hierarchical growth of bound structures forming at redshifts z = 25 - 30 with total masses in the range 10^5 - 10^6 Msun. The complex interplay between the gravitational formation of dark halos and the thermodynamic and chemical evolution of the gas clouds compromises analytic estimates of the critical H2 fraction. Dynamical heating from mass accretion and mergers opposes relatively inefficient cooling by molecular hydrogen, delaying the production of star-forming clouds in rapidly growing halos. We also investigate the impact of photo-dissociating ultra-violet (UV) radiation on the formation of primordial gas clouds. We consider two extreme cases by first including a uniform radiation field in the optically thin limit and secondly by accounting for the maximum effect of gas self-shielding in virialized regions. In both the cases we consider, the overall impact can be described by computing an equilibrium H2 abundance for the radiation flux and defining an effective shielding factor. Based on our numerical results, we develop a semi-analytic model of the formation of the first stars, and demonstrate how it can be coupled with large N-body simulations to predict the star formation rate in the early universe.
description: Revised version accepted by ApJ. Description of semi-analytic models extended
Australiatelura Mendes 1995
Creators: name: Smith, Graeme B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Zygentoma
Ateluridae
Australiatelura

description: Australiatelura Mendes, 1995
 Atopatelura Silvestri, 1908a: 369 pro parte.
 Australiatelura Mendes, 1995: 98.
 Type species: Atopatelura kraepelini Silvestri, 1908 (original designation).
description: Published as part of Smith, Graeme B., 2016, On some Silverfish Taxa from Tasmania (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae and Nicoletiidae), pp. 45-80 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (2) on page 46, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1652, http://zenodo.org/record/5238073
title: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli-targeting phages for biofilm biocontrol in the poultry industry
Creators: name: Śliwka, Paulina
name: Sáez Moreno, David
name: Korzeniowski, Pawel
name: Milcarz, Agata
name: Kuczkowski, Maciej
name: Kolenda, Rafał
name: Koziol, Sylwia
name: Narajczyk, Magdalena
name: Roesler, Uwe
name: Tomaszewska-Hetman, Ludwika
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: APEC
subject: Colibacillosis
subject: Phages
subject: Biofilm
classificationCode: 630
subject: Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) is a principal etiologic agent of avian colibacillosis, responsible for significant economic losses in the poultry industry due to high mortality and disease treatment with antibiotics. APEC and its ability to form bioﬁlms on food and processing surfaces contributes to its persistence within farms. Bacteriophages are promising antibacterial agents for combating APEC. This study focused on characterization of the newly isolated phages UPWr_E1, UPWr_E2, and UPWr_E4 as well as the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail containing these three phages. Methods included efficiency of plating assay, transmission electron microscopy, and characterization of their resistance to different pH values and temperatures. Moreover, phage genomes were sequenced, annotated and analyzed, and were compared with previously sequenced E. coli phages. All three phages are virulent and devoid of undesirable genes for therapy. Phage UPWr_E1 belongs to the genus Krischvirus within the order Straboviridae and both UPWr_E2 and UPWr_E4 belong to the genus Tequatrovirus within the subfamily Tevenvirinae, sharing over 95 % nucleotide identity between them. For their use on poultry farms, UPWr_E phages and the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail were tested for their anti-biofilm activity on two E. coli strains – 158B (APEC) and the strong biofilm producer NCTC 17848 – on two abiotic surfaces: a 96-well microplate, a stainless steel surface, and one biotic surface, represented by lettuce leaves. The reduction of bioﬁlm formed by both strains in the 96-well microplate, on the stainless steel and lettuce leaf surface for bacteriophage treatment was very efficient, reducing biofilms by ranges of 50.2–83.6, 58.2–88.4 and 53–99.4 %, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that UPWr_E phages and the UPWr_E124 phage cocktail are promising candidates for APEC biocontrol.
Majorana and parafermion corner states from two coupled sheets of bilayer graphene
Creators: name: Laubscher, Katharina
name: Loss, Daniel
name: Klinovaja, Jelena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a setup consisting of two coupled sheets of bilayer graphene in the regime of strong spin-orbit interaction, where electrostatic confinement is used to create an array of effective quantum wires. We show that for suitable interwire couplings the system supports a topological insulator phase exhibiting Kramers partners of gapless helical edge states, while the additional presence of a small in-plane magnetic field and weak proximity-induced superconductivity leads to the emergence of zero-energy Majorana corner states at all four corners of a rectangular sample, indicating the transition to a second-order topological superconducting phase. The presence of strong electron-electron interactions is shown to promote the above phases to their exotic fractional counterparts. In particular, we find that the system supports a fractional topological insulator phase exhibiting fractionally charged gapless edge states and a fractional second-order topological superconducting phase exhibiting zero-energy $\mathbb{Z}_{2m}$ parafermion corner states, where $m$ is an odd integer determined by the position of the chemical potential.
Additional file 3 of Association between a single mother family and childhood undervaccination, and mediating effect of household income: a nationwide, prospective birth cohort from the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS)
Creators: name: Kuroda, Hiroyuki
name: Goto, Atsushi
name: Kawakami, Chihiro
name: Yamamoto, Kouji
name: Ito, Shuichi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3.
Heterolepisma Escherich 1905
Creators: name: Smith, Graeme B.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Zygentoma
Lepismatidae
Heterolepisma

description: Heterolepisma Escherich, 1905
 Heterolepisma Escherich, 1905: 63.
 Isolepisma Escherich, 1905: 61.
 Notolepisma Tillyard, 1924: 241.
 Type species. Lepisma pampeana Silvestri, 1902 by subsequent designation of Paclt, 1967: 25.
description: Published as part of Smith, Graeme B., 2016, On some Silverfish Taxa from Tasmania (Zygentoma: Lepismatidae and Nicoletiidae), pp. 45-80 in Records of the Australian Museum 68 (2) on page 58, DOI: 10.3853/j.2201-4349.68.2016.1652, http://zenodo.org/record/5238073
Blowups with log canonical singularities
Creators: name: Sankaran, G. K.
name: Santos, Francisco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14J35, 14M25, 14E99, 52B20

description: We show that the minimum weight of a weighted blow-up of $\mathbf A^d$ with $\varepsilon$-log canonical singularities is bounded by a constant depending only on $\varepsilon $ and $d$. This was conjectured by Birkar. Using the recent classification of $4$-dimensional empty simplices by Iglesias-Valiño and Santos, we work out an explicit bound for blowups of $\mathbf A^4$ with terminal singularities: the smallest weight is always at most $32$, and at most $6$ in all but finitely many cases.
description: Sections 3.3 and 3.4 are completely new, and give a proof of Conjecture 1.2 (Birkar) in the general case. Title changed to reflect the increased generality. Minor changes and restructuring in other places