cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
How Inflation Affects Macroeconomic Performance : An Agent-Based Computational Investigation
Creators: name: Ashraf, Quamrul H.
name: Gershman, Boris
name: Howitt, Peter
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: We use an agent-based computational approach to show how inflation can worsen macroeconomic performance by disrupting the mechanism of exchange in a decentralized market economy. We find that, in our model economy, increasing the trend rate of inflation above 3 percent has a substantial deleterious effect, but lowering it below 3 percent has no significant macroeconomic consequences. Our finding remains qualitatively robust to changes in parameter values and to modifications to our model that partly address the Lucas critique. Finally, we contribute a novel explanation for why cross-country regressions may fail to detect a significant negative effect of trend inflation on output even when such an effect exists in reality.
FATORES IMPULSIONADORES E INIBIDORES DE COMPETITIVIDADE: UM ESTUDO DOS AGENTES DA CADEIA PRODUTIVA DA CARNE SUÍNA NO RIO GRANDE DO SUL
Factors that promote and inhibitors of competitiveness: a study of the agents from production chain of pork in Rio Grande do Sul state
Creators: name: Oneide Sausen, Jorge
name: Sparemberger, Ariosto
name: Oneide Sausen, Jorge
name: Sparemberger, Ariosto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: Competitividade
subject: agronegócio
subject: cadeia produtiva
subject: Competitiveness
subject: agribusiness
subject: supply chain

description: Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os fatores impulsionadores e inibidores da competitividade dos agentes do sistema agroalimentar da carne suína. A pesquisa é de natureza qualitativa e se apropria do método exploratório descritivo. No que tange à coleta de informações, utiliza dados extraídos da investigação de campo, por meio de questionário aberto semiestruturado. Para a análise e tratamento dos dados utilizou-se o método da análise de conteúdo. Os resultados revelam que os principais elementos impulsionadores da competitividade estão relacionados com a estratégia competitiva da integração entre produtores e indústria frigorífica, que oferece benefícios, sobretudo em termos de coordenação da criação e abate dos animais, melhoria do controle dos insumos e da produção e redução dos custos de transações. Os principais elementos inibidores, por sua vez, relacionam-se às restrições, importações, à cultura de desconfiança da carne suína, às alterações nos preços dos insumos, à reduzida oferta do número de cortes para o mercado interno e à diminuição no valor do preço do quilo dos animais. Além disso, a pesquisa enfatiza a importância da interdependência dos elementos constitutivos da cadeia como fator determinante para a competitividade global do sistema produtivo. ----- This study aimed to identify the factors that promote and inhibitors of competitiveness from the agrifood system of pork. The research is qualitative and takes on the exploratory descriptive method. Regarding the collection of information, the research used data from field investigation through semi-structured open survey. For analysis and data processing the method of content analysis was used. The results show that the main elements that promote competitiveness are related with competitive strategy of integration between producers and meat packing industry, which offers benefits, especially in terms of coordinating the raising and slaughtering of animals, improving the control of inputs production and reduction of the transaction costs. The main elements inhibitors, in turn, are related to the import restrictions, the culture of distrust of pork, changes in input prices, the limited supply of cuts varieties for the domestic market and the decrease in the value of price kilo animal. The research also emphasizes the importance of the interdependence from constituent elements of the chain as a determinant for the overall competitiveness of the productive system.
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-878
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-878. The artifact is a decortication flake.
How Inflation Affects Macroeconomic Performance : An Agent-Based Computational Investigation
Creators: name: Ashraf, Quamrul H.
name: Gershman, Boris
name: Howitt, Peter
Publisher: name: Macroeconomic Dynamics
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: We use an agent-based computational approach to show how inflation can worsen macroeconomic performance by disrupting the mechanism of exchange in a decentralized market economy. We find that, in our model economy, increasing the trend rate of inflation above 3 percent has a substantial deleterious effect, but lowering it below 3 percent has no significant macroeconomic consequences. Our finding remains qualitatively robust to changes in parameter values and to modifications to our model that partly address the Lucas critique. Finally, we contribute a novel explanation for why cross-country regressions may fail to detect a significant negative effect of trend inflation on output even when such an effect exists in reality.
The Economic Origins of the Evil Eye Belief
Creators: name: Gershman, Boris
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The evil eye belief is a widespread superstition according to which people can cause harm by a mere envious glance at coveted objects or their owners. This paper argues that such belief originated and persisted as a useful heuristic under conditions in which envy was likely to trigger destructive behavior and the avoidance of other people’s envy, effectively prescribed by the evil eye belief, was a proper response to that threat. We hypothesize that in weakly institutionalized societies wealth differentiation and vulnerability of productive assets were the key factors enabling envy-induced destructive behavior and contributing to the emergence and spread of the evil eye belief as a cultural defense mechanism. Evidence from small-scale preindustrial societies shows that there is indeed a robust positive association between the incidence of the belief and measures of wealth inequality, controlling for potential confounding factors such as patterns of spatial and cross-cultural diffusion and various dimensions of early economic development. Furthermore, the evil eye belief is more prevalent in agro-pastoral societies that tend to sustain higher levels of inequality and where vulnerable material wealth plays a dominant role in the subsistence economy.
Asteroid triple system 2001 SN263 : surfaces characteristics and dynamical environment
Creators: name: Winter, O. C.
name: Valvano, G.
name: Moura, T. S.
name: Borderes-Motta, G.
name: Amarante, A.
name: Sfair, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The (153591) 2001 SN263 asteroid system, target of the first Brazilian interplanetary space mission, is one of the known three triple systems within the population of NEAs. One of the mission objectives is to collect data about the formation of this system. The analysis of these data will help in the investigation of the physical and dynamical structures of the components (Alpha, Beta and Gamma) of this system, in order to find vestiges related to its origin. In this work, we assume the irregular shape of the 2001 SN263 system components as uniform density polyhedra and computationally investigate the gravitational field generated by these bodies. The goal is to explore the dynamical characteristics of the surface and environment around each component. Then, taking into account the rotational speed, we analyze their topographic features through the quantities geometric altitude, tilt, geopotential, slope, surface accelerations, among others. Additionally, the investigation of the environment around the bodies made it possible to construct zero-velocity curves, which delimit the location of equilibrium points. The Alpha component has a peculiar number of 12 equilibrium points, all of them located very close to its surface. In the cases of Beta and Gamma, we found four equilibrium points not so close to their surfaces. Then, performing numerical experiments around their equilibrium points, we identified the location and size of just one stable region, which is associated with an equilibrium point around Beta. Finally, we integrated a spherical cloud of particles around Alpha and identified the location on the surface of Alpha were the particles have fallen.
description: 22 pages, 16 figures
title: Imposed Silence: How a Woman Found Her Voice in a Story Written by Men
Creators: name: Schmalzhofer, Astrid
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021
Subjects: home
belonging
identity
imagined landscape
migration literature

description: This entry of the student anthology was created through a process of reflecting on a literary
seminar carried out by the Center for Inter-American Studies from the University of Graz and
was inspired by the work in Marjorie Agosín edited volume Home – An Imagined Landscape. This
article discusses how a woman found her voice in a story written by men.
Stretching Polymers in Poor and Bad Solvents: Pullout Peaks and an Unraveling Transition
Creators: name: Cooke, I. R.
name: Williams, D. R. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using analytic theory, numerical calculation and Langevin dynamics simulation we demonstrate the existence of a first order unraveling transition in the stretching of a polymer chain in a poor solvent. The chain suddenly unravels from a "tadpole" or "ball and chain" configuration, to one where the ball shrinks to zero size. In the force curve this appears as a discontinuous drop in the force. This transition occurs under the conditions of most relevance for atomic force microscope experiments, where the extension is the independent variable. Our simulations show marked hysteresis as well as many local peaks associated with the pullout of small portions of the chain.
Supplementary Material from Numerical modelling of the effect of intermittent upwelling events on plankton blooms
Creators: name: Guseva, Ksenia
name: Feudel, Ulrike
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Environmental Science
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Additional information about the model and further numerical investigations.
The Economic Origins of the Evil Eye Belief
Creators: name: Gershman, Boris
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The evil eye belief is a widespread superstition according to which people can cause harm by a mere envious glance at coveted objects or their owners. This paper argues that such belief originated and persisted as a useful heuristic under conditions in which envy was likely to trigger destructive behavior and the avoidance of other people’s envy, effectively prescribed by the evil eye belief, was a proper response to that threat. We hypothesize that in weakly institutionalized societies wealth differentiation and vulnerability of productive assets were the key factors enabling envy-induced destructive behavior and contributing to the emergence and spread of the evil eye belief as a cultural defense mechanism. Evidence from small-scale preindustrial societies shows that there is indeed a robust positive association between the incidence of the belief and measures of wealth inequality, controlling for potential confounding factors such as patterns of spatial and cross-cultural diffusion and various dimensions of early economic development. Furthermore, the evil eye belief is more prevalent in agro-pastoral societies that tend to sustain higher levels of inequality and where vulnerable material wealth plays a dominant role in the subsistence economy.
Supplementary Material from Efficient manipulation and generation of Kirchhoff polynomials for the analysis of non-equilibrium biochemical reaction networks
Creators: name: Yordanov, Pencho
name: Stelling, Jörg
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Supplementary proofs, algorithm descriptions, and computational results.
The Two Sides of Envy
Creators: name: Gershman, Boris
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The two sides of envy, destructive and constructive, give rise to qualitatively different equilibria, depending on the economic, institutional, and cultural environment. If investment opportunities are scarce, inequality is high, property rights are not secure, and social com- parisons are strong, society is likely to be in the “fear equilibrium,” in which better endowed agents underinvest in order to avoid destructive envy of the relatively poor. Otherwise, the standard “keeping up with the Joneses” competition arises, and envy is satisfied through sub- optimally high efforts. Economic growth expands the production possibilities frontier and triggers an endogenous transition from one equilibrium to the other causing a qualitative shift in the relationship between envy and economic performance: envy-avoidance behavior with its adverse effect on investment paves the way to creative emulation. From a welfare perspective, better institutions and wealth redistribution that move the society away from the low-output fear equilibrium need not be Pareto improving in the short run, as they un- leash the negative consumption externality. In the long run, such policies contribute to an increase in social welfare due to enhanced productivity growth.
The Two Sides of Envy
Creators: name: Gershman, Boris
Publisher: name: American University (Washington, D.C.)
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 38
subject: Economics

description: The two sides of envy, destructive and constructive, give rise to qualitatively different equilibria, depending on the economic, institutional, and cultural environment. If investment opportunities are scarce, inequality is high, property rights are not secure, and social com- parisons are strong, society is likely to be in the “fear equilibrium,” in which better endowed agents underinvest in order to avoid destructive envy of the relatively poor. Otherwise, the standard “keeping up with the Joneses” competition arises, and envy is satisfied through sub- optimally high efforts. Economic growth expands the production possibilities frontier and triggers an endogenous transition from one equilibrium to the other causing a qualitative shift in the relationship between envy and economic performance: envy-avoidance behavior with its adverse effect on investment paves the way to creative emulation. From a welfare perspective, better institutions and wealth redistribution that move the society away from the low-output fear equilibrium need not be Pareto improving in the short run, as they un- leash the negative consumption externality. In the long run, such policies contribute to an increase in social welfare due to enhanced productivity growth.
Isolate record for VAFB-ISO-864
Creators: name: Holloway, Corinne
Year: 1900
Subjects: subject: Santa Barbara (County)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/3486/santa-barbara-county
subject: Vandenberg Air Force Base (VAFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85469/vandenberg-air-force-base-vafb
subject: Vandenberg Space Force Base (VSFB)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/85584/vandenberg-space-force-base-vsfb
subject: California (State / Territory)
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/1484/california-state-territory
subject: Chipped Stone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/2/chipped-stone
subject: Reconnaissance / Survey
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/7/reconnaissance-survey

description: This document is the isolated find record for VAFB-ISO-864. The artifact is a decortication flake.
Titles and captions in a separate file from Diet composition and social environment determine food consumption, phenotype and fecundity in an omnivorous insect
Creators: name: Yeisson Gutiérrez
name: Fresch, Marion
name: Ott, David
name: Brockmeyer, Jens
name: Scherber, Christoph
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Nutrition is the single most important factor for individual's growth and reproduction. Consequently, the inability to reach the nutritional optimum imposes severe consequences for animal fitness. Yet, under natural conditions, organisms may face a mixture of stressors that can modulate the effects of nutritional asymmetry. For instance, stressful environments caused by intense interaction with conspecifics. Here, we subjected the house cricket Acheta domesticus to (i) either of two types of diet that have proved to affect cricket performance and (ii) simultaneously manipulated their social environment throughout their complete life cycle. We aimed to track sex-specific consequences for multiple traits during insect development throughout all life stages. Both factors affected critical life-history traits with potential population-level consequences: diet composition induced strong effects on insect development time, lifespan and fitness, while the social environment affected the number of nymphs that completed development, food consumption and whole-body lipid content. Additionally, both factors interactively determined female body mass. Our results highlight that insects may acquire and invest resources in a different manner when subjected to an intense interaction with conspecifics or when isolated. Furthermore, while only diet composition affected individual reproductive output, the social environment would determine the number of reproductive females, thus indirectly influencing population performance.
A parsec-scale radio jet launched by the central intermediate-mass black hole in the dwarf galaxy SDSS J090613.77+561015.2?
Creators: name: Yang, Jun
name: Gurvits, Leonid I.
name: Paragi, Zsolt
name: Frey, Sandor
name: Conway, John E.
name: Liu, Xiang
name: Cui, Lang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The population of intermediate-mass black holes (IMBHs) in nearby dwarf galaxies plays an important "ground truth" role in exploring black hole formation and growth in the early Universe. In the dwarf elliptical galaxy SDSS J090613.77+561015.2 (z=0.0465), an accreting IMBH has been revealed by optical and X-ray observations. Aiming to search for possible radio core and jet associated with the IMBH, we carried out very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.66 GHz. Our imaging results show that there are two 1-mJy components with a separation of about 52 mas (projected distance 47 pc) and the more compact component is located within the 1-sigma error circle of the optical centroid from available Gaia astrometry. Based on their positions, elongated structures and relatively high brightness temperatures, as well as the absence of star-forming activity in the host galaxy, we argue that the radio morphology originates from the jet activity powered by the central IMBH. The existence of the large-scale jet implies that violent jet activity might occur in the early epochs of black hole growth and thus help to regulate the co-evolution of black holes and galaxies.
description: Accepted for publication as a Letter in MNRAS
QCD Plasma Instabilities: The Nonabelian Cascade
Creators: name: Arnold, Peter
name: Moore, Guy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic plasma instabilities appear to play an important role in the early stages of quark-gluon plasma equilibration in the high energy (weak coupling) limit. Numerical studies of the growth of such instabilities from small seed fluctuations have found initial exponential growth in their energy, followed by linear growth once the associated color magnetic fields become so large that their non-abelian interaction are non-perturbative. In this paper, we use simulations to determine the nature of this linear energy growth. We find that the long-wavelength modes associated with the instability have ceased to grow, but that they cascade energy towards the ultraviolet in the form of plasmon excitations of ever increasing energy. We find a quasi-steady-state power-law distribution $f_k \propto k^{-ν}$ for this cascade, with spectral index $ν\simeq 2$.
description: 20 pages
การศึกษาแนวทางการดำเนินงานของภาครัฐในการเตรียมความพร้อม เข้าสู่สังคมผู้สูงอายุของประเทศไทย
Creators: name: ฐานริณทร์ หาญเกียรติวงศ์
Publisher: name: ชมรมวิทยาลัยนวัตกรรมการจัดการ
Year: 2023
Subjects: แนวทางการดําเนินงานของภาครัฐ
สังคมผู้สูงอายุ
คุณภาพชีวิตของผู้สูงอายุ

description: วารสารวิชาการ การจัดการภาครัฐและเอกชน, 5, 3, 1-15
Transition from big crunch to big bang in brane cosmology
Creators: name: Gerhardt, Claus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider branes $N=I\times\so$, where $\so$ is an $n$\ndash dimensional space form, not necessarily compact, in a Schwarzschild-AdS_{(n+2)} bulk $\mc N$. The branes have a big crunch singularity. If a brane is an ARW space, then, under certain conditions, there exists a smooth natural transition flow through the singularity to a reflected brane $\hat N$, which has a big bang singularity and which can be viewed as a brane in a reflected Schwarzschild-AdS_{(n+2)} bulk $\hat{\mc N}$. The joint branes $N\uu \hat N$ can thus be naturally embedded in $R^2\times \so$, hence there exists a second possibility of defining a smooth transition from big crunch to big bang by requiring that $N\uu\hat N$ forms a $C^\infty$-hypersurface in $R^2\times \so$. This last notion of a smooth transition also applies to branes that are not ARW spaces, allowing a wide range of possible equations of state.
description: 20 pages, a pdf version can also be retrieved from http://www.math.uni-heidelberg.de/studinfo/gerhardt/brane.pdf and bibtex data from http://www.math.uni-heidelberg.de/studinfo/gerhardt/bibtexcgbrane.html, v5: the results of http://arXiv.org/abs/gr-qc/0404112 have been applied to ARW branes, the introduction has been rewritten, this is the final version that will appear in Adv. Theor. Math. Physics
การบริหารจัดการขยะมูลฝอยขององค์การบริหารส่วนตำบลบางชนะ อำเภอเมือง จังหวัดสุราษฎร์ธานี
Creators: name: ณัฐวุฒิ ดวงมุสิก
Publisher: name: ชมรมวิทยาลัยนวัตกรรมการจัดการ
Year: 2023
Subjects: การบริหารจัดการขยะมูลฝอย
ผู้บริหาร
องค์การบริหารส่วนตําบลบางชนะ

description: วารสารวิชาการ การจัดการภาครัฐและเอกชน, 5, 3, 16-29
Can Rats Acquire an Olfactory Learning Set?
Creators: name: Slotnick, Burton
name: Hanford, Lillian
name: Hodos, William
Publisher: name: Journal of Experimental Psychology Animal Behavior Processes
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Experimental rats were trained on multiple two-odor discrimination tasks while controls were given repeated sessions on task one and then tested on a novel two-odor task. Experimental rats showed strong positive transfer across problems and approached errorless or near errorless learning. Control rats maintained near-perfect performance on task one, but performed at chance on initial trials when tested with novel odors. Thus, the near errorless terminal performance of experimental rats was a function their having been trained on multiple problems and was not simply the result of eliminating ‘disruptive response tendencies’ (Reid and Morris, 1992). These results support the view that when rats are trained on a series of two-odor discrimination tasks they acquire a strategy or rule that allows them to solve new problems with few or no errors.
Can Rats Acquire an Olfactory Learning Set?
Creators: name: Slotnick, Burton
name: Hanford, Lillian
name: Hodos, William
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Experimental rats were trained on multiple two-odor discrimination tasks while controls were given repeated sessions on task one and then tested on a novel two-odor task. Experimental rats showed strong positive transfer across problems and approached errorless or near errorless learning. Control rats maintained near-perfect performance on task one, but performed at chance on initial trials when tested with novel odors. Thus, the near errorless terminal performance of experimental rats was a function their having been trained on multiple problems and was not simply the result of eliminating ‘disruptive response tendencies’ (Reid and Morris, 1992). These results support the view that when rats are trained on a series of two-odor discrimination tasks they acquire a strategy or rule that allows them to solve new problems with few or no errors.
บทบาทการบริหารกิจการคณะสงฆ์ของเจ้าอาวาสในเขตอำเภอจุฬาภรณ์ จังหวัดนครศรีธรรมราช
Creators: name: พระครูประโชติอินทคุณ (อินทโชโต)
Publisher: name: ชมรมวิทยาลัยนวัตกรรมการจัดการ
Year: 2023
Subjects: บทบาท
การบริหารกิจการคณะสงฆ์

description: วารสารวิชาการ การจัดการภาครัฐและเอกชน, 5, 3, 30-40
Electronic Supplementary File from MicroCT analysis of connectivity in porous structures: optimizing data acquisition and analytical methods in the context of tissue engineering
Creators: name: Malavika Nair
name: Shepherd, Jennifer H.
name: Best, Serena M.
name: Cameron, Ruth E.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90301 Biomaterials
subject: FOS: Medical engineering
subject: 90399 Biomedical Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Complete set of data for structural measurements across the conditions studied
On the Classification of Motions of Paradoxically Movable Graphs
Creators: name: Grasegger, Georg
name: Legerský, Jan
name: Schicho, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Edge lengths of a graph are called flexible if there exist infinitely many non-congruent realizations of the graph in the plane satisfying these edge lengths. It has been shown recently that a graph has flexible edge lengths if and only if the graph has a special type of edge coloring called NAC-coloring. We address the question how to determine all possible proper flexible edge lengths from the set of all NAC-colorings of a graph. We do so using restrictions to 4-cycle subgraphs.
Observing Responses : Maintained by Good News Only? (Author Manuscript)
Creators: name: Silberberg, Alan
name: Fantino, Edmund
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Observing responses are those that produce stimuli correlated with the availability (S+) or non­availability (S−) of reinforcement but that have no influence on the actual delivery or timing of reinforcement. Prior research has shown that observing is maintained by the occasional production of the S+ (“good news”) and not by production of the equally informative S− (“bad news”). However, for both humans and rats the S− maintains observing when it is at least implicitly correlated with good news. In the present study, pigeons could obtain both good and bad news by responding during the appropriate key color. In one condition, the bad news was actually more informative about reinforcement than was the good news. Nevertheless, a preponderance of the birds’ responses was made on the nominally good­news option. The present results offer further support for the central role of good news in maintaining observing responses and are entirely consistent with the traditional conditioned­ reinforcement (or classical conditioning) interpretation of observing.
title: Questions for Emöke B’Rácz
Creators: name: Schmalzhofer, Astrid
name: B`Rácz, Emöke
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2021
Subjects: home
belonging
identity
imagined landscape
migration literature

description: This entry of the student anthology was created through a process of reflecting on a literary
seminar carried out by the Center for Inter-American Studies from the University of Graz and
was inspired by the work in Marjorie Agosín edited volume Home – An Imagined Landscape. This
chapter presents a short exchange with the author Emöke B’Rácz and the students of the seminar.
Observing Responses : Maintained by Good News Only? (Author Manuscript)
Creators: name: Silberberg, Alan
name: Fantino, Edmund
Publisher: name: HHS Public Access
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Observing responses are those that produce stimuli correlated with the availability (S+) or non­availability (S−) of reinforcement but that have no influence on the actual delivery or timing of reinforcement. Prior research has shown that observing is maintained by the occasional production of the S+ (“good news”) and not by production of the equally informative S− (“bad news”). However, for both humans and rats the S− maintains observing when it is at least implicitly correlated with good news. In the present study, pigeons could obtain both good and bad news by responding during the appropriate key color. In one condition, the bad news was actually more informative about reinforcement than was the good news. Nevertheless, a preponderance of the birds’ responses was made on the nominally good­news option. The present results offer further support for the central role of good news in maintaining observing responses and are entirely consistent with the traditional conditioned­ reinforcement (or classical conditioning) interpretation of observing.
Supplementary Material from A framework for parsing heritable information
Creators: name: Jose, Antony M.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60114 Systems Biology
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Text, 4 Figures and Figure Legends, Methods, and References.
A test of stress, cues, and re-exposure to large wins as potential reinstaters of suboptimal decision making in rats
Creators: name: Connolly, Nina P.
name: Kim, Jung S.
name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
name: Kearns, David N.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present experiment investigated potential reinstaters of suboptimal economic deci- sion making in rats. Rats were first trained on a version of the rat Gambling Task under conditions designed to promote choice of a suboptimal option that occasionally resulted in large “wins” (four sucrose pellets). In a second phase, preference for this economically suboptimal option was reduced by substantially increasing the probability of punishment when this option was chosen. Then, three events were tested for their ability to reinstate choice of the suboptimal option. A brief period of re-exposure to a high frequency of large wins significantly increased choice of the suboptimal option. The pharmacological stressor yohimbine did not reinstate suboptimal choice, but did increase impulsive action as indexed by premature responding. Presentation of cues previously associated with large wins did not alter behavior. Results suggest reinstaters of suboptimal choice may differ from reinstaters of extinguished drug- and food-seeking behavior.
Supplementary Data for "An introductory statistics module improves both student performance and perceptions"
Creators: name: Downing, Tim
name: Finlay, Emma K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: Education
subject: 130306 Educational Technology and Computing
subject: 10402 Biostatistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 10401 Applied Statistics

description: Supplementary Data for "An introductory statistics module improves both student performance and perceptions"
Electronic supplementary material from Deciphering an extreme morphology: bone microarchitecture of the hero shrew backbone (Soricidae: Scutisorex)
Creators: name: Smith, Stephanie M.
name: Angielczyk, Kenneth D.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110601 Biomechanics
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Supplementary text, five supplementary tables and ten supplementary figures with captions.
A test of stress, cues, and re-exposure to large wins as potential reinstaters of suboptimal decision making in rats
Creators: name: Connolly, Nina P.
name: Kim, Jung S.
name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
name: Kearns, David N.
Publisher: name: Frontiers in Psychology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The present experiment investigated potential reinstaters of suboptimal economic deci- sion making in rats. Rats were first trained on a version of the rat Gambling Task under conditions designed to promote choice of a suboptimal option that occasionally resulted in large “wins” (four sucrose pellets). In a second phase, preference for this economically suboptimal option was reduced by substantially increasing the probability of punishment when this option was chosen. Then, three events were tested for their ability to reinstate choice of the suboptimal option. A brief period of re-exposure to a high frequency of large wins significantly increased choice of the suboptimal option. The pharmacological stressor yohimbine did not reinstate suboptimal choice, but did increase impulsive action as indexed by premature responding. Presentation of cues previously associated with large wins did not alter behavior. Results suggest reinstaters of suboptimal choice may differ from reinstaters of extinguished drug- and food-seeking behavior.
Semiclassical Foundation of Universality in Quantum Chaos
Creators: name: Müller, Sebastian
name: Heusler, Stefan
name: Braun, Petr
name: Haake, Fritz
name: Altland, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We sketch the semiclassical core of a proof of the so-called Bohigas-Giannoni-Schmit conjecture: A dynamical system with full classical chaos has a quantum energy spectrum with universal fluctuations on the scale of the mean level spacing. We show how in the semiclassical limit all system specific properties fade away, leaving only ergodicity, hyperbolicity, and combinatorics as agents determining the contributions of pairs of classical periodic orbits to the quantum spectral form factor. The small-time form factor is thus reproduced semiclassically. Bridges between classical orbits and (the non-linear sigma model of) quantum field theory are built by revealing the contributing orbit pairs as topologically equivalent to Feynman diagrams.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures; final version published in PRL, minor changes
A two-sided but significantly beamed jet in the supercritical accretion quasar IRAS F11119+3257
Creators: name: Yang, Jun
name: Paragi, Zsolt
name: An, Tao
name: Baan, Willem A.
name: Mohan, Prashanth
name: Liu, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Highly accreting quasars are quite luminous in the X-ray and optical regimes. While, they tend to become radio quiet and have optically thin radio spectra. Among the known quasars, IRAS F11119+3257 is a supercritical accretion source because it has a bolometric luminosity above the Eddington limit and extremely powerful X-ray outflows. To probe its radio structure, we investigated its radio spectrum between 0.15 and 96.15 GHz and performed very-long-baseline interferometric (VLBI) observations with the European VLBI Network (EVN) at 1.66 and 4.93 GHz. The deep EVN image at 1.66 GHz shows a two-sided jet with a projected separation about two hundred parsec and a very high flux density ratio of about 290. Together with the best-fit value of the integrated spectral index of -1.31+/-0.02 in the optically thin part, we infer that the approaching jet has an intrinsic speed at least 0.57 times of the light speed. This is a new record among the known all kinds of super-Eddington accreting sources and unlikely accelerated by the radiation pressure. We propose a scenario in which IRAS F11119+3257 is an unusual compact symmetric object with a small jet viewing angle and a radio spectrum peaking at 0.53+/-0.06 GHz mainly due to the synchrotron self-absorption.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
FROM THE BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST TO INTERNATIONAL MARKETS: HOW CAN RESOURCES CONTRIBUTE TO THE INTERNATIONALIZATION?
Do nordeste brasileiro para o mercado internacional: Como os recursos contribuem para a internacionalização?
Creators: name: Pereira Leite, Yákara Vasconcelos
name: De Moraes, Walter Fernando Araújo
name: Salazar, Viviane Santos
name: Pereira Leite, Yákara Vasconcelos
name: De Moraes, Walter Fernando Araújo
name: Salazar, Viviane Santos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Internationalization
subject: resources
subject: qualitative research
subject: Internacionalização
subject: recursos
subject: pesquisa qualitativa

description: Strategic resources come as a facilitator in meeting the demands of the market, considering this the present research focuses on understanding: How strategic resources have influenced the internationalization process of Group FAN’s nut processing business over time? Through a retrospective study, data were collected mainly through technical visits and semi-structured interviews. The findings indicate that the organization has adopted three stages in order to become international: exportation; wholly owned subsidiary; purchasing subsidiary. It was verified that the strategic resources related to the product, the location and the entrepreneur formed the means by which it was possible to be internationalized. ----- Os recursos estratégicos podem facilitar o atendimento às demandas de mercado, considerando isso, esta investigação centra-se no seguinte problema de pesquisa: Como recursos estratégicos influenciam o processo de internacionalização do negócio de beneficiamento de amêndoas do Grupo FAN, ao longo do tempo? Por meio de um estudo de caso em retrospectiva, os dados foram coletados principalmente através de visitas técnicas e entrevistas semiestruturadas. Os resultados indicam que a organização adotou três fases, a fim de se tornar internacional: exportação; subsidiária integral; subsidiária de compra. Verificou-se que os recursos estratégicos relacionados ao produto, ao local e ao empreendedor propiciaram a internacionalização.
Cocaine can generate a stronger conditioned reinforcer than food despite being a weaker primary reinforcer
Creators: name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
name: Kearns, David
Publisher: name: Addiction Biology
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that cues associated with drug-taking behavior become extra strong motivators of behavior compared to cues paired with non-drug reinforcers. In Experiment 1, rats were trained to lever press for intravenous cocaine infusions and grain pellets. Each reinforcer was paired with a distinct audiovisual cue. When allowed to choose between these alternatives, rats chose grain on ~70–80% of trials. However, after extinguishing lever pressing, reintroduction of press-contingent cues during a test for cue-induced reinstatement generated more cocaine seeking than grain seeking (also observed on 3- and 8-week follow up tests). To examine whether the same pattern of results would occur with two non-drug reinforcers, Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 using grain and sucrose as reinforcement alternatives. Rats chose sucrose over grain on ~70–80% of choice trials and also responded more for the sucrose cue than for the grain cue on the reinstatement test. The disconnect between primary and conditioned reinforcement in Experiment 1 but not Experiment 2, suggests that drug cues may become exceptionally strong motivators of drug-seeking. These results are consistent with cue-focused theories of addiction and may offer insight into the persistent cue-driven drug-seeking behavior observed in addiction.
Cocaine can generate a stronger conditioned reinforcer than food despite being a weaker primary reinforcer
Creators: name: Tunstall, Brendan J.
name: Kearns, David
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present study aimed to test the hypothesis that cues associated with drug-taking behavior become extra strong motivators of behavior compared to cues paired with non-drug reinforcers. In Experiment 1, rats were trained to lever press for intravenous cocaine infusions and grain pellets. Each reinforcer was paired with a distinct audiovisual cue. When allowed to choose between these alternatives, rats chose grain on ~70–80% of trials. However, after extinguishing lever pressing, reintroduction of press-contingent cues during a test for cue-induced reinstatement generated more cocaine seeking than grain seeking (also observed on 3- and 8-week follow up tests). To examine whether the same pattern of results would occur with two non-drug reinforcers, Experiment 2 replicated Experiment 1 using grain and sucrose as reinforcement alternatives. Rats chose sucrose over grain on ~70–80% of choice trials and also responded more for the sucrose cue than for the grain cue on the reinstatement test. The disconnect between primary and conditioned reinforcement in Experiment 1 but not Experiment 2, suggests that drug cues may become exceptionally strong motivators of drug-seeking. These results are consistent with cue-focused theories of addiction and may offer insight into the persistent cue-driven drug-seeking behavior observed in addiction.
Extended H$α$ over compact far-infrared continuum in dusty submillimeter galaxies -- Insights into dust distributions and star-formation rates at $z\sim2$
Creators: name: Chen, Chian-Chou
name: Harrison, C. M.
name: Smail, I.
name: Swinbank, A. M.
name: Turner, O. J.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Rivera, G. Calistro
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Cooke, E. A.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: Dunlop, J. S.
name: Farrah, D.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Schinnerer, E.
name: Simpson, J. M.
name: Thomson, A. P.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using data from ALMA and near-infrared (NIR) integral field spectrographs including both SINFONI and KMOS on the VLT, we investigate the two-dimensional distributions of H$α$ and rest-frame far-infrared (FIR) continuum in six submillimeter galaxies at $z\sim2$. At a similar spatial resolution ($\sim$0.5" FWHM; $\sim$4.5 kpc at $z=2$), we find that the half-light radius of H$α$ is significantly larger than that of the FIR continuum in half of the sample, and on average H$α$ is a median factor of $2.0\pm0.4$ larger. Having explored various ways to correct for the attenuation, we find that the attenuation-corrected H$α$-based SFRs are systematically lower than the IR-based SFRs by at least a median factor of $3\pm1$, which cannot be explained by the difference in half-light radius alone. In addition, we find that in 40% of cases the total $V$-band attenuation ($A_V$) derived from energy balance modeling of the full ultraviolet(UV)-to-FIR spectral energy distributions (SEDs) is significantly higher than that derived from SED modeling using only the UV-to-NIR part of the SEDs, and the discrepancy appears to increase with increasing total infrared luminosity. Finally, considering all our findings along with the studies in the literature, we postulate that the dust distributions in SMGs, and possibly also in less IR luminous $z\sim2$ massive star-forming galaxies, can be decomposed into three main components; the diffuse dust heated by older stellar populations, the more obscured and extended young star-forming HII regions, and the heavily obscured central regions that have a low filling factor but dominate the infrared luminosity in which the majority of attenuation cannot be probed via UV-to-NIR emissions.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures, A&A in press
Differential effects of a food­based conditioned inhibitor on food­ or cocaine­seeking behavior
Creators: name: Lombas, Andrés S.
name: Kearns, David N.
name: Weiss, Stanley J.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The present experiment compared the effects of a food-based conditioned inhibitor on food seeking vs. cocaine seeking behavior. In two groups of rats, the A+/AB− Pavlovian conditioned inhibition procedure was used to create a conditioned inhibitor for food. Then, for one group of rats (Food–Food Group), a click stimulus was established as an operant discriminative stimulus (SD) for food-­reinforced lever pressing. In the other group (Food–Cocaine Group), the click was established as an SD for cocaine self­ administration. In testing, the putative inhibitor for food was simultaneously presented with the click for the first time in both groups. In the Food–Food Group, the food­-based inhibitor suppressed responding occasioned by the click significantly more than did a neutral control stimulus. In contrast, in the Food–Cocaine Group, there was no difference in the amount of suppression produced by the food-­based inhibitor and the control stimulus. These results suggest that the effects of food­-based Pavlovian conditioned inhibitors are specific for food-­motivated behavior and do not easily transfer to cocaine­ motivated behavior.