MULTIDIMENSIONAL, WAVE-FUNCTION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND COSMOLOGY.pdf
Creators: name: Bartlett, Karen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 20105 General Relativity and Gravitational Waves
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 20106 High Energy Astrophysics; Cosmic Rays
subject: 20109 Space and Solar Physics
subject: Stellar Astronomy
subject: Solar System, Solar Physics, Planets and Exoplanets
subject: 20107 Mesospheric, Ionospheric and Magnetospheric Physics
subject: 20103 Cosmology and Extragalactic Astronomy
subject: Astrophysics
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60303 Biological Adaptation
subject: Biological Engineering
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Aerospace Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: Computer Engineering
subject: 90699 Electrical and Electronic Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: Applied Computer Science
subject: 80199 Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computer Software
subject: 80111 Virtual Reality and Related Simulation
subject: 10299 Applied Mathematics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Geometry
subject: 10599 Mathematical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: 10112 Topology
subject: 20299 Atomic, Molecular, Nuclear, Particle and Plasma Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: 20499 Condensed Matter Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Physics
subject: 20404 Electronic and Magnetic Properties of Condensed Matter; Superconductivity
subject: Entropy
subject: General Relativity
subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: Quantum Mechanics
subject: Special Relativity
subject: Thermodynamics
subject: 40402 Geodynamics
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 40406 Magnetism and Palaeomagnetism
subject: Education
subject: 160304 Mortality
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Uncategorized
subject: 100699 Computer Hardware not elsewhere classified
subject: 100504 Data Communications
subject: 100499 Medical Biotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: FOS: Medical biotechnology
subject: 100705 Nanoelectronics
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: FOS: Nanotechnology
subject: 100799 Nanotechnology not elsewhere classified
subject: 100510 Wireless Communications

description: AThe Cooper pair state is responsible for superconductivity, as described in the BCS theory developed by John Bardeen, Leon Cooper, and John Schrieffer for which they shared the 1972 Nobel Prize. A Cooper pair or BCS pair is a pair of electrons (or other fermions) bound together at low temperatures in a certain manner first described in 1956 by American physicist Leon Cooper. These have some bosonic properties – properties similar to photons, gravitons and the Higgs boson. Bosons, at sufficiently low temperature, can form a Bose–Einstein condensate which is an example of macroscopic quantum phenomena (quantum behavior at the macroscopic scale, rather than at the atomic scale where quantum effects are prevalent). The best-known examples of macroscopic quantum phenomena are superfluidity and superconductivity. The fact that bosons can form a Bose–Einstein condensate which is related to superconductivity hints at superconductivity being a wave-function phenomenon. Also, the Complex Number Plane of mathematics in conjunction with the so-called Imaginary Time of physics suggests this wave-function might find practical application beyond abstract maths and could be multidimensional having "real", "imaginary" and "complex" types. The explanation of superconductivity by means of Cooper pairs confirms the validity of wave-particle duality. This article also extends the quantum scale and the wave-function to computer science and the cosmic scale - commenting on gravitational superconductivity, dark energy, dark matter, antimatter, the Big Bang and cosmological Inflation, Unification, Artificial Intelligence, and black holes. It also has a "AAAS Summary" of eLetters either extracted from, or related to, the present content - From the beginning of June til the start of July (in 2016), I got in the mood for emailing eLetters to the journal "Science", published by the AAAS (American Association for the Advancement of Science). Articles on their website offer the chance to reply to the articles in a section called eLetters. I sent 8 replies, going into some detail on my thoughts. One of the replies is a copy of a comment I made on "I Want to Break Free from Infinity" (http://vixra.freeforums.org/viewtopic.php?f=11&amp;t=773) - with a couple of paragraphs added. If you'd like to read those extra paragraphs, go to http://science.sciencemag.org/content/351/6278/1156.e-letters. To my comments about computer simulation of the Universe, the paragraphs add my thought that only 2 fundamental forces exist as well as a comment by physicist Paul Davies that "perhaps our distant descendants have reached back through time … and selected the laws of physics". My other eLetters are all longer and come from my article "MULTIDIMENSIONAL, WAVE-FUNCTION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND COSMOLOGY" - http://vixra.org/abs/1606.0293. The 1st one primarily deals with dark energy and dark matter in relation to the Complex Number Plane and higher dimensions. It's at http://science.sciencemag.org/content/347/6226/1100.e-letters The 2nd one is concerned with ideas regarding gravitational interaction of binary stars, mechanism of coronal mass ejections, sunspots and mini ice ages and "mass from gravity", plus proposals of planetary magnetic fields that use Mercury to offer an alternative to the magnetic dynamo theory. It's at http://science.sciencemag.org/content/328/5981/1018.e-letters (and there's a paragraph about coronal heating added in MULTIDIMENSIONAL, WAVE-FUNCTION SUPERCONDUCTIVITY AND COSMOLOGY). The 3rd one looks at gravitation from a new perspective, giving a "new" understanding of the force of gravity. I put the word new in quotation marks because it isn't really new - just an updating of Newtonian gravity that takes relativistic gravity into account. That eLetter's at http://science.sciencemag.org/content/240/4855/1069.e-letters And the last one's at http://science.sciencemag.org/content/343/6177/1296.e-letters. This eLetter proposes replacement of the Big Bang and cosmic Inflation by entanglement due to binary digits - and says those bits coupled with the Mobius strip and figure-8 Klein bottle can construct an infinite and eternal Steady State universe (see the eLetter to "Science" about computer simulation). The remaining 3 were written before these 5 and are called: "Negative Temperature, Pi and Carl Sagan" (http://science.sciencemag.org/content/339/6115/52.e-letters), "Planet 9 related to solar system's Grand Tack model, and to Pluto" (http://science.sciencemag.org/content/351/6271/330.e-letters) and "eLetter to Science responding to 'Hawking Slays His Own Paradox, But Colleagues Are Wary' by Charles Seife" (http://science.sciencemag.org/content/305/5684/586.e-letters). (More of my eLetters will be added.)<br>