cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wilson Loops and Chiral Correlators on Squashed Spheres
Creators: name: Fucito, Francesco
name: Morale, Jose Francisco
name: Poghossian, Rubik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After a very brief recollection of how my scientific collaboration with Ugo started, in this talk I will present some recent results obtained with localization: the deformed gauge theory partition function $Z(\vecτ|q)$ and the expectation value of circular Wilson loops $W$ on a squashed four-sphere will be computed. The partition function is deformed by turning on $τ_J \,{\rm tr} \, Φ^J$ interactions with $Φ$ the ${\cal N}=2$ superfield. For the ${\cal N}=4$ theory SUSY gauge theory exact formulae for $Z$ and $W$ in terms of an underlying $U(N)$ interacting matrix model can be derived thus replacing the free Gaussian model describing the undeformed ${\cal N}=4$ theory. These results will be then compared with those obtained with the dual CFT according to the AGT correspondence. The interactions introduced previously are in fact related to the insertions of commuting integrals of motion in the four-point CFT correlator and the chiral correlators are expressed as $τ$-derivatives of the gauge theory partition function on a finite $Ω$-background.
description: talk delivered at the conference "Interactions between Geometry and Physics", Guaraja, Sao Paulo, August 17-22, 2015
Cardiotoxicity drug screening based on whole-panel intracellular recording
Creators: name: Liu, Chun
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2023
Subjects: Toxicology (incl. clinical toxicology)

description: Unintended binding of small-molecule drugs to ion channels affects electrophysiological properties of car- diomyocytes and potentially leads to arrhythmia and heart failure. The waveforms of intracellular action po- tentials reflect the coordinated activities of cardiac ion channels and serve as a reliable means for assessing drug toxicity, but the implementation is limited by the low throughput of patch clamp for intracellular recording measurements. In the last decade, several new technologies are being developed to address this challenge. We recently developed the nanocrown electrode array (NcEA) technology that allows robust, parallel, and long- duration recording of intracellular action potentials (iAPs). Here, we demonstrate that NcEAs allow compari- son of iAP waveforms before and after drug treatment from the same cell. This self-referencing comparison not only shows distinct drug effects of sodium, potassium, and calcium blockers, but also reveals subtle differences among three subclasses of sodium channel blockers with sub-millisecond accuracy. Furthermore, self-referencing comparison unveils heterogeneous drug responses among different cells. In our study, whole-panel simultaneous intracellular recording can be reliably achieved with ~94% success rate. The average duration of intracellular recording is ~30 min and some last longer than 2 h. With its high reliability, long recording duration, and easy- to-use nature, NcEA would be useful for iAP-based preclinical drug screening.
One-dimensional magnetic order in the metal-organic framework Tb(HCOO)3
Creators: name: Harcombe, Daniel R.
name: Welch, Philip G.
name: Manuel, Pascal
name: Saines, Paul J.
name: Goodwin, Andrew L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combination of variable-temperature neutron scattering, reverse Monte Carlo analysis and direct Monte Carlo simulation is used to characterise the emergence of magnetic order in the metal--organic framework (MOF) Tb(HCOO)$_3$ over the temperature range 100 K to 1.6 K $=T_{\rm N}$. We show that the magnetic transition at $T_{\rm N}$ involves one-dimensional ferromagnetic ordering to a partially-ordered state related to the triangular Ising antiferromagnet. In this phase, the direction of magnetisation of ferromagnetic chains tends to alternate between neighbouring chains but this alternation is frustrated and is not itself ordered. In neutron scattering measurements this partial order gives rise to Bragg-like peaks, which cannot be interpreted using conventional magnetic crystallography without resort to unphysical spin models. The existence of low-dimensional magnetic order in Tb(HCOO)$_3$ is stabilised by the contrasting strength of inter- and intra-chain magnetic coupling, itself a consequence of the underlying MOF architecture. Our results demonstrate how MOFs may provide an attractive if as yet under-explored platform for the realisation and investigation of low-dimensional physics.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Prospects for Quantum Computing with an Array of Ultracold Polar Paramagnetic Molecules
Creators: name: Karra, Mallikarjun
name: Sharma, Ketan
name: Friedrich, Bretislav
name: Kais, Sabre
name: Herschbach, Dudley
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Arrays of trapped ultracold molecules represent a promising platform for implementing a universal quantum computer. DeMille has detailed a prototype design based on Stark states of polar $^1Σ$ molecules as qubits. Herein, we consider an array of polar $^2Σ$ molecules which are, in addition, inherently paramagnetic and whose Hund's case (b) free-rotor states are Bell states. We show that by subjecting the array to combinations of concurrent homogeneous and inhomogeneous electric and magnetic fields, the entanglement of the array's Stark and Zeeman states can be tuned and the qubit sites addressed. Two schemes for implementing an optically controlled CNOT gate are proposed and their feasibility discussed in the face of the broadening of spectral lines due to dipole-dipole coupling and the inhomogeneity of the electric and magnetic fields.
description: 23 Pages, 11 figures, Submitted to Journal of Chemical Physics
Effect of Cu(In,Ga)Se2 Film Thickness on Solar Cell Performance
Creators: name: Cao, Z.Y.
name: Ma, X.F.
name: Wang, X.S.
name: Xu, C.M.
name: Chen, M.B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2908-2910
description: Cu(In,Ga)Se2 (CIGS) absorber layers ranging from 2.6 μm to 0.4 μm in thickness were deposited by
co-evaporation. The CIGS layer thickness was measured with a profilometer, and a field emission scanning electron
microscope was used for studying the morphology of the films. The structure of complete solar cell was
Ag/ZnO:Al/ZnO/CdS/CIGS/Mo/glass. A total cell area of 1.44 cm2 was defined by mechanical scribing. The I-V
curves of the solar cells were measured under AM 0 global spectrum for 1353 W/m2 irradiance at 25 . The solar
cells were also characterized by external quantum efficiency measurement. Device efficiency of 9.8 % at 2.6-μmthick
CIGS layer and 2.9 % at 0.4 μm were achieved.
Atlas of Exosomal microRNAs Secreted From Human iPSC-Derived Cardiac Cell Types
Creators: name: Liu, Chun
Publisher: name: Health Research Alliance
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cardiology (incl. cardiovascular diseases)

description: Cardiac-derived exosomes have received intense interest for their roles in para- crine communications and regenerative therapies. However, current under- standing of how exosomes mediate cellular signaling is incomplete, in part because the contents of exosomes from different cardiac cell types are poorly de- fined. To learn what signals cardiac cells release, we examined the microRNA (miR- NA) compositions secreted in exosomes from human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) and 3 major iPSC-derived cardiac cell types.
Ground-based near-UV observations of 15 transiting exoplanets: Constraints on their atmospheres and no evidence for asymmetrical transits
Creators: name: Turner, Jake D.
name: Pearson, Kyle A.
name: Biddle, Lauren I.
name: Smart, Brianna M.
name: Zellem, Robert T.
name: Teske, Johanna K.
name: Hardegree-Ullman, Kevin K.
name: Griffith, Caitlin C.
name: Leiter, Robin M.
name: Cates, Ian T.
name: Nieberding, Megan N.
name: Smith, Carter-Thaxton W.
name: Thompson, Robert M.
name: Hofmann, Ryan
name: Berube, Michael P.
name: Nguyen, Chi H.
name: Small, Lindsay C.
name: Guvenen, Blythe C.
name: Richardson, Logan
name: McGraw, Allison
name: Raphael, Brandon
name: Crawford, Benjamin E.
name: Robertson, Amy N.
name: Tombleson, Ryan
name: Carleton, Timothy M.
name: Towner, Allison P. M.
name: Walker-LaFollette, Amanda M.
name: Hume, Jeffrey R.
name: Watson, Zachary T.
name: Jones, Christen K.
name: Lichtenberger, Matthew J.
name: Hoglund, Shelby R.
name: Cook, Kendall L.
name: Crossen, Cory A.
name: Jorgensen, Curtis R.
name: Thompson, James M. Romine Alejandro R.
name: Villegas, Christian F.
name: Wilson, Ashley A.
name: Sanford, Brent
name: Taylor, Joanna M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Transits of exoplanets observed in the near-UV have been used to study the scattering properties of their atmospheres and possible star-planet interactions. We observed the primary transits of 15 exoplanets (CoRoT-1b, GJ436b, HAT-P-1b, HAT-P-13b, HAT-P-16b, HAT-P-22b, TrES-2b, TrES-4b, WASP-1b, WASP-12b, WASP-33b, WASP-36b, WASP-44b, WASP-48b, and WASP-77Ab) in the near-UV and several optical photometric bands to update their planetary parameters, ephemerides, search for a wavelength dependence in their transit depths to constrain their atmospheres, and determine if asymmetries are visible in their light curves. Here we present the first ground-based near-UV light curves for 12 of the targets (CoRoT-1b, GJ436b, HAT-P-1b, HAT-P-13b, HAT-P-22b, TrES-2b, TrES-4b, WASP-1b, WASP-33b, WASP-36b, WASP-48b, and WASP-77Ab). We find that none of the near-UV transits exhibit any non-spherical asymmetries, this result is consistent with recent theoretical predictions by Ben-Jaffel et al. and Turner et al. The multi-wavelength photometry indicates a constant transit depth from near-UV to optical wavelengths in 10 targets (suggestive of clouds), and a varying transit depth with wavelength in 5 targets (hinting at Rayleigh or aerosol scattering in their atmospheres). We also present the first detection of a smaller near-UV transit depth than that measured in the optical in WASP-1b and a possible opacity source that can cause such radius variations is currently unknown. WASP-36b also exhibits a smaller near-UV transit depth at 2.6$σ$. Further observations are encouraged to confirm the transit depth variations seen in this study.
description: 35 pages, 16 tables, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS (March 8, 2016). Light curves are available online. Updated EXOMOP (transit modeling software) and is also available online
Low Temperature Growth of Cu-Deficient CuInTe2 Thin Films for Narrow Bandgap Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mise, T.
name: Nakada, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3062-3065
description: Cu-deficient CuInTe2 thin films were deposited onto soda-lime glass (SLG) substrates by using a
molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) system. Microstructural properties were examined by means of scanning electron
microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The substrate temperature (Tsub) dependence of film properties
was investigated in the range of 100–400°C. Large-grain CuIn3Te5 thin films with a defect chalcopyrite structure
were dominantly grown at 200–400°C. Preferred (112) orientation was observed even at the low substrate
temperature of 200°C. The optical bandgaps of these films were determined to be 1.02–1.05 eV from transmission
and reflection measurements. The electrical properties of the films were significantly depended on the substrate
temperatures. The preliminary solar cells fabricated using CuIn3Te5 thin films grown at 200°C yielded an efficiency
of 4.6% with Voc = 318 mV, Jsc = 29.0 mA/cm2 and FF = 0.504.
Picosecond Laser Structuring for the Monolithic Serial Interconnection of CIS Solar Cells
Creators: name: Huber, H.P.
name: Englmaier, M.
name: Hellwig, C.
name: Heise, G.
name: Kemnitzer, M.
name: Kuznicki, T.
name: Menhard, C.
name: Brenning, R.
name: Heiß, A.
name: Vogt, H.
name: Palm, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3066-3071
description: The production of CIS (Cu(In,Ga)(S,Se)2 ) thin film solar cells is still employing some mechanical
steps of structuring, where thin layers with a thickness of approximately 1 μm are selectively separated by so called
pattern 1, 2 and 3 (P1, P2 and P3) for the monolithic serial interconnection.
In this paper we report on selective structuring by direct and indirect induced picosecond laser ablation, both non
thermodynamic ablation methods occurring at lower applied fluences than needed for heating melting and
evaporation. We demonstrate that the Mo back electrode layer can be structured with a P1 process speed of more than
4000 mm/s without detectable residues and damages by direct induced laser ablation exhibiting a nonthermodynamic
nature. The ZnO front electrode film can be line separated with P3 speeds up to several 1000 mm/s
by indirect induced laser ablation, also a non thermodynamic process.
The CIS absorber layer is structured by standard direct laser ablation at higher energy densities up to 200 mm/s
indicating thermodynamic behavior.
The validation of the processes P1 and P2 for the functionality within a CIS solar cell; as well as the first validation
results for the P3 process will be presented. Our results indicate that ps-laser ablation processes are compatible to the
module manufacturing process, reduction of pattern area by application of ps laser processing should increase the
overall CIS solar module efficiency.
Innovative High Throughput Industrial Solar Cell Manufacturing Inline Diffusion Process Optimisation via Low Cost PSG Layer Inspection Method
Creators: name: Zhao, J.
name: Winderbaum, S.
name: Mrcarica, M.
name: Vetter, E.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1305-1308
description: The PSG layer growth and removal is a critical process step in the crystalline silicon solar cell
production process. Due to the physical setup of in line doper and diffusion systems, high levels of uniformity can be
achieved reaching standard deviation on and below the order of 1 Ohm/square for a 65 Ohm emitter. However using
an in line doper limits the minimum amount of liquid dopant source in order to achieve the uniformity requirements
of a high efficiency solar cell and that in turn raises the surface dopant concentration and the Phosphorous
concentration in the PSG layer itself making it more difficult to remove completely. This will have a direct impact on
the blue wavelength response and cell efficiency. In general SIMS measurement are traditionally used for measuring
surface and depth dopant profiles, however this method is not ready available in most production facilities, hence we
develop a simple and practical method to optimize this PSG layer using ellipsometry for process optimization.
Screen-Printed Boron Diffusion Source for Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell Fabrication
Creators: name: Suzuki, S.
name: Dhamrin, M.
name: Ban, N.
name: Al-Daby, G.
name: Ogawa, K.
name: Suzuki, H.
name: Yoshiba, S.
name: Furuichi, K.
name: Kamisako, K.
name: Sato, H.
name: Katsuma, K.
name: Kato, K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2445-2447
description: Novel boron paste for emitter and back surface field (BSF) is introduced. The boron paste is finely
printed on textured n- and p-type multicrystalline silicon wafers. The boron contents were adjusted to form excellent
emitter quality and insure at the same time the reproducibility of emitter formation. The emitter sheet resistance
decreased with increasing the diffusion temperature, duration and boron contents in the paste. In addition BSF with
low sheet resistance of about 20 /sq was realized. This boron paste can provide the industry with the cheapest
possible way to form the back contact solar cell without the need of complicated masking process.
Back Contact Molybdenum Layers DC Sputtered on Flexible Upilex® and Kapton® Films for Photovoltaic Applications
Creators: name: Bollero, A.
name: García, C.
name: Zuzek Rozman, K.
name: McGuiness, P.
name: De Abajo, J.
name: Gutiérrez, M.T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2911-2913
description: Molybdenum (Mo) films with a thickness of about 1 μm were room temperature sputtered onto
Upilex® films of 50 μm in thickness. Mo films on Kapton® substrates were prepared for comparison purposes. The
influence of the preparation parameters on the morphological, electrical and optical properties of the resulting Mo
films was systematically studied. In particular, the DC power was varied between 20 and 50 W, and the working gas
pressure was maintained constant during the films preparation with values ranging from 0.7 to 1.2 Pa. As a general
trend, an increase in the DC power and/or working gas pressure, in the considered ranges, resulted in Mo films with a
more homogeneous microstructure and an improved optical reflectance. Heat treatment of the films at a temperature
of 400ºC, comparable to that typically used in the preparation of the CIGS absorber film, was carried out to
investigate their thermal stability. A maximum reflectance value of about 80% and a resistivity of 35 μI.cm were
obtained for an annealed Mo/Upilex® structure prepared at 50 W/1.2 Pa.
A Rolling PID Control Approach and its Applications
Creators: name: Zhou, Xiaojun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The canonical proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control approach has been widely used in industrial application due to their simplicity and ease of use. However, its corresponding controller parameters are hard to be adjusted, especially for nonlinear systems. The optimization-based method provides a general framework to find optimal PID controller parameters; nevertheless, several disadvantages exist, for example, it is nontrivial to select an appropriate sample size and it is necessary to obtain the global optimal solution but the optimization problem is non-convex, making it hard to achieve. To alleviate the aforementioned limitations, a rolling PID control approach is proposed in this study, in which, at each rolling period, the PID controller parameters are updated using observable data, which can be classified to data-driven control method. The effectiveness of the proposed approach has been validated by experiments.
Uranium distribution in the Variscan Basement of Northeastern Sardinia
Creators: name: Kaçeli, Xhixha M.
name: Albèri, M.
name: Baldoncini, M.
name: Bezzon, G. P.
name: Buso, G. P.
name: Callegari, I.
name: Casini, L.
name: Cuccuru, S.
name: Fiorentini, G.
name: Guastaldi, E.
name: Mantovani, F.
name: Mou, L.
name: Oggiano, G.
name: Puccini, A.
name: Alvarez, C. Rossi
name: Strati, V.
name: Xhixha, G.
name: Zanon, A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed map of the uranium distribution and its uncertainties in the Variscan Basement of Northeastern Sardinia (VBNS) at a scale 1:100,000. An area of 2100 km2 was investigated by means of 535 data points obtained from laboratory and in situ gamma-ray spectrometry measurements. These data volume corresponds to the highest sampling density of the European Variscides, aimed at studying the genetic processes of the upper crust potentially triggered by an enrichment of radiogenic heat-producing elements. For the first time the Kriging with Variance of Measurement Error method was used to assign weights to the input data which are based on the degree of confidence associated to the measurements obtained with different gamma-ray spectrometry techniques. A detailed tuning of the model parameters for the adopted Experimental Semi-Variogram led to identify a maximum distance of spatial variability coherent to the observed tendency of the experimental data. We demonstrate that the obtained uranium distribution in the VBNS, characterized by several calc-alkaline plutons emplaced within migmatitic massifs and amphibolite-facies metamorphic rocks, is an excellent benchmark for the study of 'hot' collisional chains. The uranium map of VBNS, and in particular the Arzachena minor pluton, confirms the emplacement model based on the recognition of the different petrological associations characterizing the Variscan magmatic processes in the Late Paleozoic. Furthermore, the presented model of the uranium content of the geological bedrock is a potential baseline for future mapping of radon-prone areas.
description: 16 pages, 6 Figures, 1 Map
11-Month Power Output Variability Study of a PV System Fleet in New Jersey
Creators: name: Golnas, A.
name: Bryan, J.M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3890-3893
description: With the cost of PV modules and balance-of-systems being driven lower, the “grid-parity” milestone
seems within reach, but unanswered questions remain regarding the grid integration of energy resources with
stochastic variability. The mitigation of such variability by means of geographic dispersion has long been argued by
the wind and the solar industries. In this work we present an analysis of output variability over 11 months across PV
systems operated by SunEdison in the distribution grid of New Jersey. We have measured the AC power output from
system ensembles of equal aggregate nameplate capacity but different composition and compared metrics
characterizing the probability distribution of power deltas between consecutive intervals of 1, 10, and 60-minute
duration. We show that ensembles consisting of many small geographically-dispersed, similarly-sized systems
exhibit significantly smaller variability compared to those containing large plants. The probability distributions show
a relative abundance of extreme values compared to a normal distribution but 95% of the deltas are smaller than
1/10th of the aggregate PV nameplate capacity, thereby supporting the view that electric grids can support PV
penetrations of 20-30% without additional reserves.
Optical and Electrical Characterization of Silicon Heterojunctions with n-Type Multicrystalline Substrate : Towards a Low Cost Solar Cell
Creators: name: Favre, W.
name: Pareige, C.
name: Kleider, J.-P.
name: Labrune, M.
name: Roca I Cabarrocas, P.
name: Schutz-Kuchly, T.
name: Veschetti, Y.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2596-2599
description: Silicon heterojunction solar cells are attractive since they combine high efficiency and can reduce
fabrication cost thanks to processes performed at low temperature (200°C), such as PECVD. High quality n-type
monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) wafers can have bulk minority carrier lifetimes of several ms, and deposition of
hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si :H) provides outstanding passivation properties. However, the cost of high purity
monocrystalline material is a limiting factor to the development of the a-Si:H/c-Si technology. In parallel, the
development of new fabrication techniques for solar grade multicrystalline silicon (mc-Si) ingots have helped to improve
the bulk lifetime of the mc-Si wafers that can be higher than 300μs, with lower production costs than for c-Si ingots. In
this context, studies are led to realize silicon heterojunctions with such mc-Si substrates. Effective lifetime of the
minority carriers after passivation obtained by quasi steady-state photoconductance (QSSPC), modulated
photoluminescence (MPL) and microwave photoconductance decay (μ-PCD) are discussed.
Pyrosol Deposited AlOx as Surface Passivation for Si Solar Cells
Creators: name: Untila, G.
name: Kost, T.
name: Chebotareva, A.
name: Zaks, M.
name: Sitnikov, A.
name: Solodukha, O.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2592-2595
description: Our group pioneered in applying the ultrasonic spray pyrolysis (pyrosol) method to synthesize thin
aluminum oxide AlOx films for surface passivation of crystalline silicon (c-Si). Passivation quality of AlOx was
investigated for the rear highly doped p+ surface passivation of (n+pp+)c-Si solar cells. Films with a thickness of
~100 nm were deposited at a deposition temperature of 400 °C using a film forming solutions (FFS) based on a
mixture of aluminium acetylacetonate in methanol. A deposition rate of ~50 nm/min was achieved, significantly
higher than atomic layer deposition (ALD). The level of p+ surface passivation in this study was determined from
measured rear internal quantum efficiency (IQE) curves. It has been found that the addition of water in FFS as
well as the etching of the p+ surface significantly improved the passivation quality of the pyrosol AlOx. Rear IQE
of ~95%, corresponding to the effective surface recombination velocity value of about 70 cm/s was achieved on
highly boron-doped (~1020 cm-3) p-type surface.
Influence of Shunt Resistance, Series Resistance and Recombination-Current on the Weak Light Performance of Industrial Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Mueller, M.
name: Isenberg, J.
name: Hund, B.
name: Beyer, H.G.
name: Sedlacek, M.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2604-2606
description: The understanding of the weak light performance of present-day industrial silicon solar cells is of high
importance for the energy performance of solar modules. For this reason, the weak light performance of a variety of
industrial silicon solar cells was investigated. I/V curves were traced for various irradiance levels from E=0-
1000W/m² in the solar simulator of the Q-Cells lab. Based on these data, it was tried to identify the significant cell
parameters, that effect the weak light performance. Besides the confirmation, that the shunt resistance RP and series
resistance RS are important parameters, a third parameter was identified as beeing correlated with the differences of
the weak light (below E<300W/m²) performance of solar cells showing similar resistances. This parameter
characterizes the recombination-current of the two-diode model at an operation point close to or at the MPP. It can be
determined from measured dark IV-characteristics.
Development and Characterisation of Self-Aligned Selective Emitter Process for mc-Si Solar Cells Using Commercial PECVD Batch Reactor
Creators: name: Khandelwal, R.
name: Windgassen, H.
name: Safiei, A.
name: Pletzer, T.M.
name: Bleidiessel, R.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Solar Cell Improvements

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1224-1228
description: Plasma etching offers one of the most valuable possibilities to fabricate selective emitter patterns for
large area crystalline solar cells on an industrial scale. For similar application we have used a PECVD commercial
batch reactor for plasma etching experiments to reduce the junction depth. The investigated process makes use of
commercially available screen printed silver paste as an etch barrier while same time serving as the front side
metallisation and hence the final selective emitter solar cell does not need any alignment steps. We succeeded in
finding suitable set of plasma etching parameters which can etch-back the heavily diffused emitter having
Rsheet~33 Ω/sq to Rsheet~100 Ω/sq with acceptable uniformity. We have performed a systematic characterisation
during process development which includes sheet resistance measurements/mapping over the full area,
electrochemical capacitance voltage (ECV) measurements to monitor doping and etch-back emitter profiles and
emitter saturation current density (J0e) measurements to study the influence of plasma induced damage to the emitter.
Preliminary results indicate improved blue response (gain in IQE) and hence improved solar cell performance for the
self-aligned selective emitter (SASE) solar cells compared to solar cells having homogeneous emitter.
Effect of Structural Variation in Cadmium Telluride Thin Film Solar Cells from Numerical Analysis
Creators: name: Matin, M.A.
name: Amin, N.
name: Islam, A.
name: Sopian, K.
name: Chong, K.K.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CdTe Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3072-3076
description: Polycrystalline cadmium telluride (CdTe) is regarded as one of the leading photovoltaic (PV) materials
as it has the ideal and direct bandgap of 1.45 eV, with high optical absorption coefficient over 5×105/cm. The main
technical issue of the CdTe cells is related to the stable back contact. Numerical modeling is increasingly being used
to obtain insight into the details of the physical operation of thin-film solar cells. A numerical analysis has been
performed using AMPS-1D simulator to explore the possibility of high efficiency and stable CdS/CdTe cell among
four different cell structures with tin oxide (SnO2) as front contact layer, and Cu, ZnTe/Al, Sb2Te3/Mo and As2Te3/Al
as back contact material. We investigated the viability of 1 m thin CdTe absorber layer together with three possible
back contact buffer layer to reduce minority carrier recombination loss at the back contact for thinner CdTe cells.
Higher band-gap material like ZnTe and low bandgap material like Sb2Te3 and As2Te3 were inserted to create a back
surface buffer/reflector (BSR) to inhibit the minority carrier loss. It was found that the proposed structure D
(SnO2/CdS/CdSxTe1-x/CdTe/As2Te3/Al) produced the best conversion efficiency of 17.6%, however, the proposed
structure C (SnO2/CdS/Cd SxTe1-x/CdTe/Sb2Te3/Mo) showed better stability at the higher operating temperatures.
This analysis shows that SnO2 front contact with ZnTe/Al, Sb2Te3/Mo and As2Te3/Al back contact are suitable for
higher efficiency (>16.8%) and more stable ultra thin CdS/CdTe based cells. Moreover, it was found that the
normalized efficiency of the cells with BSR linearly decreased at the temperature gradient of -0.2%/°C.
PV and Fire Brigade Safety: No Panic, but Realistic Assessment of Danger and Possible Countermeasures
Creators: name: Häberlin, H.
name: Borgna, L.
name: Schärf, P.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3913-3921
description: Recently it was reported in several media that some fire brigades do not dare any more to fight against fires
at houses with PV, as at such PV plants even at night under faint illumination (e.g. the light of the full moon or the
searchlight of the fire brigade) there would be a lethal electrical shock hazard due to high DC voltages. This is
exaggerated and based on a lack of knowledge of the properties of PV plants and the hazard due to the DC currents
present in such plants. In this contribution we try to supply the necessary information for a realistic assessment of the
danger that actually exists in such plants. Technical solutions for a reduction of this danger and their consequences for
the operation of PV plants are also discussed. By marking all houses with PV plants with a special identification plate
and by special training for officers of the fire brigade, an appropriate assessment of the effective danger and an
appropriate fight against the fire should be possible.
Evaluation of Large-Scale Power Conditioner in Hokuto Mega-Solar System
Creators: name: Konishi, H.
name: Iwato, T.
name: Kudou, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3908-3912
description: About 2MW PV system has been constructed in Hokuto to verify grid stabilization with a large-scale
PV system. In order to connect it to an existing extra-high voltage AC grid effectively and operate stably, the 400kW
large-scale power conditioner (LS-PCS) with the functions, which is voltage fluctuation suppression, harmonics
current suppression, and fault-ride-through, has been developed. A modification of key control systems of the LSPCS
were carried out to get PV generation power with high efficiency. In this paper, the project outline and the test
and measured results are shown and discussed.
From Small-Area Cell to Large-Area Module Performance - Role of Inhomogeneities in Thin Film Photovoltaics
Creators: name: Topic, M.
name: Brecl, K.
name: Sites, J.R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3054-3057
description: Simulations using a two-dimensional model in PSpice have been used to examine the loss mechanisms
from small-area microcells to monolithically integrated solar cells and whole thin-film modules. The study is based
on CIGS cells and modules, starting with loss analysis in the homogeneous cell made of the baseline microcells. The
conversion efficiency strongly depends on the sheet resistance of front transparent conductive oxide and monolithic
contact area losses. Performance of cells with a single deteriorated microcell depends primarily on the type of defect
and its strength. A shunted microcell almost linearly decreases the subcell’s efficiency with the increase of shunt’s
conductivity, while a weak-diode/low-Voc microcell does not affect the performance until a voltage-decrease
treshhold of 200 mV is exceeded. For lower-voltage weak-diodes, efficiency decreases significantly. Distribution of
weak-diode microcells only slightly affects the cell’s efficiency, while the distribution of shunts affects it more
strongly.
Tuning a Strain-Induced Orbital Selective Mott Transition in Epitaxial VO$_2$
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Shantanu
name: Quackenbush, N. F.
name: Paik, H.
name: Schlueter, C.
name: Lee, T. -L.
name: Schlom, D. G.
name: Piper, L. F. J.
name: Lee, Wei-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present evidence of strain-induced modulation of electron correlation effects and increased orbital anisotropy in the rutile phase of epitaxial VO$_2$/TiO$_2$ films from hard x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and soft V L-edge x-ray absorption spectroscopy, respectively. By using the U(1) slave spin formalism, we further argue that the observed anisotropic correlation effects can be understood by a model of orbital selective Mott transition at a filling that is non-integer, but close to the half-filling. Because the overlaps of wave functions between $d$ orbitals are modified by the strain, orbitally-dependent renormalizations of the bandwidths and the crystal fields occur with the application of strain. These renormalizations generally result in different occupation numbers in different orbitals. We find that if the system has a non-integer filling number near the half-filling such as for VO$_2$, certain orbitals could reach an occupation number closer to half-filling under the strain, resulting in a strong reduction in the quasiparticle weight $Z_α$ of that orbital. Moreover, an orbital selective Mott transition, defined as the case with $Z_α = 0$ in some, but not all orbitals, could be accessed by epitaxial strain-engineering of correlated electron systems.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures. First two authors contribute equally
Influence of the Wafer Resistivity on the Temperature Coefficients of Industrial Silicon Solar Cells and on the Expected Performance Behaviour
Creators: name: Mueller, M.
name: Schulze, A.
name: Isenberg, J.
name: Hund, B.
name: Beyer, H.G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2600-2603
description: The usage of recycled silicon material and alternative silicon feedstock (umg-Si) for the production of
multicrystalline Si wafers may result in higher net doping concentrations i.e. lower resistivities. The need for an
investigation of the influence of the material property on the performance of solar cells derived from the wafers is
obvious. To investigate the impact of different wafer resistivities on the temperature coefficients of the solar cells,
wafers from several ingots with different resistivities were chosen and processed to solar cells. Four-point-probe
measurements of the wafers and IV-measurements of the solar cells at cell temperatures between TC=10°C to
TC=65°C were carried out. The calculated temperature coefficients were compared with PC1D simulations. It was
observed, that solar cells of lower resistivity can expect less loss in efficiency with increasing cell temperature TC.
The tendency of an increased temperature coefficient of the efficiency for lower wafer resistivities could be
theoretically confirmed with the simulation results. An energy yield optimised solar cell adjusted by the wafer
resistivity could have a gain in energy yield of about 1% for hot climates as was shown by theoretical predictions
based on a two-diode model.
Towards 17% Efficient Multicrystalline Solar Grade Silicon Solar Cells
Creators: name: Peter, K.
name: Kopecek, R.
name: Enebakk, E.
name: Soiland, A.-K.
name: Grandum, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 2607-2611
description: After the launch of the Elkem Solar production plant in August 2009 multicrystalline solar grade
silicon solar cells from metallurgical process route have been investigated. The industrially applicable solar cell
process was consequently further developed especially with regard to phosphorous gettering to improve the cell
efficiency towards 17%. The characterization of the devices included light induced degradation (LID), breakdown
voltage measurements and defect mapping by SPV technique. In Addition small Cz-Si test ingots have been
investigated to further understand the impact of compensation and related reduced majority carrier mobilities. The
high minority carrier lifetimes were correlated with the minority carrier diffusivities. The phenomena, that
phosphorous in compensated silicon seems to prevent BO2i complex formation, has been discussed recently by
different research groups in several contributions. Our low temperature PL measurements strongly support the
existence of such a boron/phosphorous interaction.
Electrodeposition of Transparent Conductive ZnO Layer as a New Process for High Efficiency CIGS Thin Film Solar Cells
Creators: name: Rousset, J.
name: Saucedo, E.
name: Herz, K.
name: Lincot, D.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Thin Films Solar Cells
CIS and Other (II-VI) Ternary Thin Film Solar Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 3058-3061
description: Electrodeposition of zinc oxide layers has been carried out in simple aqueous solutions at 80°C in two different
electrolytes. An electrolyte containing only Zn(NO3)2 has been shown to produce very weakly doped layer (ND < 1018 cm-3).
On the contrary the layer synthesized in a chlorine ions containing electrolyte presents a high free carrier concentration.
During the growth, chlorine is incorporated in the ZnO lattice and act as doping agent in substitution of oxygen atoms (ClO).
The physical properties (transparency, conductivity...) of this Cl-doped ZnO match well with those needed for PV front
contact applications. CIGS based solar cells have been terminated with this layer with good success; high efficiencies up to
15.8 % have been reached.
Tripterion philoderma R. W. Holmes, Nagasawa & Takano 1993
Creators: name: Frankovich, Thomas A.
name: Ashworth, Matt P.
name: Sullivan, Michael J.
name: Veselá, Jana
name: Stacy, Nicole I.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Chromista
Ochrophyta
Bacillariophyceae
Cymbellales
Rhoicospheniaceae
Tripterion
Tripterion philoderma

description: Tripterion philoderma Holmes, Nagasawa & Takano (Fig. 32)
LM morphology: Valve morphometrics are as follows: length 8.5–28.0 μm, maximum width 2.0–4.0 μm, length-to-width ratio 3.3–7.5, n = 75. The transapical striae are radiate in the middle of the valve, 22–26 in 10 μm, n = 34, becoming parallel to slightly convergent at the apices, up to 29 in 10 μm, n = 34. Copulae are open at one end and do not have septa (arrows in Fig. 32).
 Type:— SOUTH AFRICA. Milnerton, specimens from the teeth of Mesoplodon layardii (strap-toothed whale), 33° 52’ S 18° 29’ E, R. W. Holmes, 6 April 1978 (holotype ANSP! GC 17182a).
description: Published as part of Frankovich, Thomas A., Ashworth, Matt P., Sullivan, Michael J., Veselá, Jana & Stacy, Nicole I., 2016, Medlinella amphoroidea gen. et sp. nov. (Bacillariophyta) from the neck skin of Loggerhead sea turtles (Caretta caretta), pp. 101-114 in Phytotaxa 272 (2) on page 109, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.272.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13647233
A Density Functional Theory Investigation of Carboranethiol Self-Assembled Monolayer on Au(111)
Creators: name: Mete, Ersen
name: Yılmaz, Ayşen
name: Danışman, M. Fatih
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isolated and full monolayer adsorption of various carboranethiol (C$_2$B$_{10}$H$_{12}$S) isomers on gold (111) surface have been investigated using both the standard and van der Waals density functional theoretical calculations. The effect of differing molecular dipole moment orientations on the low energy adlayer geometries, the binding characteristics and the electronic properties of the self-assembled monolayers of these isomers have been studied. Specifically, the binding energy and work function changes associated with different molecules show a correlation with their dipole moments. The adsorption is favored for the isomers with dipole moments parallel to the surface. Of the two possible unit cell structures, the (5$\times$5) was found to be more stable than the ($\sqrt{19}\times\sqrt{19}$)R23.4$^o$ one.
description: 22 pages, 6 figures and 3 tables
Energy Management Strategies for Optimal Charging of Electrical Vehicles with Photovoltaic Production
Creators: name: Guillou, H.
name: Cung, V.D.
name: Ha, D.L.
name: Jacomino, M.
name: Merten, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2011
Subjects: PV Systems
Large PV Power Plants and Distributed PV: System Aspects and Grid Connection

description: 26th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 3885-3889
description: Pushed by the need of clean energy sources as well as means of environment-friendly
transportation, photovoltaic energy and the electrical vehicles are two emerging vectors towards a more
sustainable future. For this purpose, the solar mobility concept has been developed: Aim is to facilitate the
massive grid integration of PV and to minimize the impact of electric vehicles on the grid. These vehicles can be
charge with PV to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, but they can also their battery system to provide grid
services. Key element for the solar mobility is the energy management system, which is discussed in this paper.
The first works will concern the charge the electrical vehicles thanks to the photovoltaic with the implementation
of the concept of shifting charge. Two models in Mixed Integer Programming have been proposed. The results
obtained by this optimization are presented.
Parameter fitting in three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with various regularizations
Creators: name: Kohyama, Hiroaki
name: Kimura, Diji
name: Inagaki, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the three-flavor Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model with various regularization procedures. We perform parameter fitting in each regularization and apply the obtained parameter sets to evaluate various physical quantities, several light meson masses, decay constant and the topological susceptibility. The model parameters are adopted even at very high cutoff scale compare to the hadronic scale to study the asymptotic behavior of the model. It is found that all the regularization methods except for the dimensional one actually lead reliable physical predictions for the kaon decay constant, sigma meson mass and topological susceptibility without restricting the ultra-violet cutoff below the hadronic scale.
description: 22 pages, 10 figures