cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PRELIMINARY EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE CONCERNING AN ASSET THEORY MODEL OF MARKETS FOR STORABLE AGRICULTURAL COMMODITIES
Creators: name: Orden, David
name: Orden, David
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: This paper has two objectives. The first is to summarize succinctly the concepts and operational procedure underlying the use of vector autoregression techniques. These techniques may be used either in forecasting or to obtain insights about structural relations from historical data that has been observed. The second objective is to estimate a vector autoregressive system that models agricultural price, stock and export determination in order to unravel some of the interactions characterizing the agricultural economy.
A Spatio-Temporal Kernel Density Estimation Framework for Predictive Crime Hotspot Mapping and Evaluation
Creators: name: Hu, Yujie
name: Wang, Fahui
name: Guin, Cecile
name: Zhu, Haojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Predictive hotspot mapping plays a critical role in hotspot policing. Existing methods such as the popular kernel density estimation (KDE) do not consider the temporal dimension of crime. Building upon recent works in related fields, this article proposes a spatio-temporal framework for predictive hotspot mapping and evaluation. Comparing to existing work in this scope, the proposed framework has four major features: (1) a spatio-temporal kernel density estimation (STKDE) method is applied to include the temporal component in predictive hotspot mapping, (2) a data-driven optimization technique, the likelihood cross-validation, is used to select the most appropriate bandwidths, (3) a statistical significance test is designed to filter out false positives in the density estimates, and (4) a new metric, the predictive accuracy index (PAI) curve, is proposed to evaluate predictive hotspots at multiple areal scales. The framework is illustrated in a case study of residential burglaries in Baton Rouge, Louisiana in 2011, and the results validate its utility.
Vacuum structure and electroweak phase transition in singlet scalar dark matter
Creators: name: Ghorbani, Parsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the presence of a real singlet scalar field with $\mathbb{Z}_2$ symmetry in addition to the Higgs field in the Standard Model, we analytically investigate all possible one-step and two-step electroweak phase transitions (EWPT) in the high-temperature expansion limit. In particular, we examine the possibility of a first-order phase transition in an intermediate temperature interval of the universe for two-step scenarios. In all scenarios, we provide with necessary conditions on the parameters of the model to address a first- or second-order phase transition if ever possible in the high-temperature approximation. We show that among all possible EWPT channels in this model, only the two-step phase transition $(0,0)\to(0,w)\to (v,0)$ can be of first-order type, either in the first or second step. The conditions obtained for EWPT is confronted with the dark matter (DM) and collider constraints. It is shown that the second-order one-step $(0,0)\to(v,0)$ scenario can evade the DM constraints, but it is not accessible to future colliders. The two-step first-order EWPT scenario $(0,0)\to(0,w)\to (v,0)$, except for small DM masses, is excluded by direct detection experiments XENON1T/LUX, but it is accessible in future colliders ILC/TLEP.
description: v2: 20 pages, 2 figures, section 4 on DM and collider constraints added
N-3 fatty acids as preventive and therapeutic agents in attenuating PCOS complications
Creators: name: Salek, Mina
name: Clark, Cain C. T.
name: Taghizadeh, Mohsen
name: Jafarnejad, Sadegh
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: n-3 PUFA
subject: PCOS
subject: Infertility
subject: Metabolic disorder
subject: Obesity
subject: 610

description: To our knowledge, in spite of several trials exploring the beneficial effect of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), no comprehensive evidence has investigated the effects of n-3 PUFA consumption on PCOS complications. Therefore, our aim was to conduct a review to investigate the possible effect and related mechanisms. A comprehensive systematic search was conducted in Embase, MEDLINE/PubMed, Google Scholar, and SCOPUS, to identify studies investigating n-3 fatty acids as a preventative or therapeutic agent for the attenuation of PCOS complications. Subsequently, the impact of omega-3 on PCOS, omega-3 and inflammation, omega-3 and insulin resistance, omega-3 and adipokines, omega-3 and lipid metabolism, omega-3 and endothelial function and omega-3 and hormonal factors were discussed. There are multiple mechanisms by which n-3 PUFAs may exert their beneficial effects on PCOS, including anti-obesity, glycemic and hormonal hemostasis, anti-inflammatory, regulation of adipokine production and enhancement of endothelial function. N-3 PUFAs are a promising agent in relieving complications associated with PCOS. Although most of the studies in patients with PCOS reported an improvement in most complications after administration of omega-3 supplements, there is a distinct dearth of studies investigating the dietary intake of these types of fatty acids. Moreover, favorable effects regarding the improvement of dyslipidemia, regulation of adipokines, regulation of hormonal factors and enhancement of endothelial function are limited. Therefore, more trials are warranted to investigate palatable mechanisms for clarifying the metabolic and hormonal effects of these agents in PCOS.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF AGRICULTURE-RELATED INDUSTRY IN MINNESOTA
Creators: name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Chen, Mason
name: Maki, Wilbur R.
name: Stenberg, Peter L.
name: Chen, Mason
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: This report is the third in a series on interindustry and interregional relationships and their implications for the economy of Minnesota and its substate development regions. In this report, the role and importance of agriculture-related industries in Minnesota are discussed. A total of 19 agriculture and 35 food products manufacturing industries are identified as the principal agriculture-related industries in the state and the nation. Their interindustry and interregional (Minnesota and rest-of-nation) linkages are derived for the 1977 calendar year.
A Brief Agrarian History of the Cottonwood River Watershed in Southwestern Minnesota
Creators: name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
name: Petrolia, Daniel R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: The Cottonwood River Watershed is located in southwestern Minnesota, draining 1,310 square miles of land within the Minnesota River Basin. The watershed is comprised of parts of Brown, Cottonwood, Lyon, Murray, and Redwood Counties. This essay gives a brief account of the initial European settlement of the area and the establishment of the current political boundaries. It then focuses on the major developments in agricultural production during the past 150 years, touching on the changes in landscape and wildlife due to drainage and restructuring of water bodies and the clearing of forest land.
Crossover from self-defocusing to discrete trapping in nonlinear waveguide arrays
Creators: name: Matuszewski, Michal
name: Rosberg, Christian R.
name: Neshev, Dragomir N.
name: Sukhorukov, Andrey A.
name: Mitchell, Arnan
name: Trippenbach, Marek
name: Austin, Michael W.
name: Krolikowski, Wieslaw
name: Kivshar, Yuri S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We predict a sharp crossover from nonlinear self-defocusing to discrete self-trapping of a narrow Gaussian beam with the increase of the refractive index contrast in a periodic photonic lattice. We demonstrate experimentally nonlinear discrete localization of light with defocusing nonlinearity by single site excitation in LiNbO$_3$ waveguide arrays.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
title: Current editorial challenges
title: criteria for selecting articles for publication
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Hengstler, Jan G.
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610

description: Since its foundation in 2002, Experimental and Clinical Sciences (EXCLI Journal) published more than 760 original articles and reviews, particularly in the field of cancer research (Abbastabar et al., 2018; Nojadeh et al., 2018; Karimian et al., 2018), cell biology (Li et al., 2017; Niknami et al., 2017; Ahmadi et al., 2017), toxicology (Randjelovic et al., 2017; Hassani et al., 2018; Nakhaee and Mehrpour, 2018), neurosciences (Farajdokht et al., 2017; Ebrahimi et al., 2017), drug discovery (Li et al., 2018; Khedher et al., 2017) and immunology (Fahimi et al., 2018; Sarvari et al., 2018). However, the editors are keen to keep a broad view of science and technology and also welcome manuscripts from other fields of life sciences and interdisciplinary studies. Our main criterion during the review process is the scientific quality of the study. Editors and reviewers focus particularly on whether the methods are sufficiently described, results are presented in a transparent way, have been sufficiently reproduced in independent experiments and justify the main conclusions. If this is the case, also confirmatory studies or studies reporting negative results may be published. Each manuscript should include a statement on the aim of the study and convincingly explain why the experiments are relevant. While a high degree of novelty is welcome, it is not our most important criterion in selecting manuscripts for publication.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 18 2019
ANALYZING CHANGING PRICE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN WHEAT FUTURES MARKETS
Creators: name: Strohmaier, Jay S.
name: Dahl, Reynold P.
name: Strohmaier, Jay S.
name: Dahl, Reynold P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The purpose of this paper is to determine if hedging effectiveness can be enhanced with an understanding of seasonal and interseasonal changes in relative prices between the three wheat futures markets. The specific objectives of the analysis are to address the following questions : (1) What factors have contributed to increased variability in relative prices? (2)Do seasonal patterns in relative prices exist, and if so, how reliable is such seasonality? (3)How can hard red spring wheat hedgers use changing price spreads to increase the effectiveness of their hedging programs? (4) Can fundamental factors of supply and demand be used to predict forthcoming relative prices, and thus guide hedgers in selection of the most advantageous hedging market?
Experimental Tests of Charge Symmetry Violation in Parton Distributions
Creators: name: Londergan, J. T.
name: Murdock, D. P.
name: Thomas, A. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, a global phenomenological fit to high energy data has included charge symmetry breaking terms, leading to limits on the allowed magnitude of such effects. We discuss two possible experiments that could search for isospin violation in valence parton distributions. We show that, given the magnitude of charge symmetry violation consistent with existing global data, such experiments might expect to see effects at a level of several percent. Alternatively, such experiments could significantly decrease the upper limits on isospin violation in parton distributions.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures
The Characteristic Parameter Estimation of Low Temperature Target Weak Signal Based on VanderPol-Duffing System
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 80501 Distributed and Grid Systems
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The weak signal, which is usually submerged in strong noise, is very difficult to detect for its amplitude and frequency. The dynamic properties of VanderPol-Duffing are studied in this paper. Such system can go into the chaos under certain parameters. In chaotic state the disturbance of weak periodic signals can make the system dynamic behavior change dramatically. Our research results show that the system is from period doubling state to chaotic state when the amplitude of input signal is changed. And it has a remarkable impact influence on the system dynamic performance when the input frequency is varied. The unknown frequency can be detected through counting the numbers of turning point in phase diagram. The simulation results verified that the presented method is feasible and there are a lot of theory values in the research.
5,6,7,4’-Tetramethoxyflavanone protects against neuronal degeneration induced by dexamethasone by attenuating amyloidogenesis in mice
Creators: name: Pakdeepak, Kanet
name: Chokchaisiri, Ratchanaporn
name: Tocharus, Jiraporn
name: Jearjaroen, Pranglada
name: Tocharus, Chainarong
name: Suksamrarn, Apichart
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavanon
subject: Alzheimer’s disease
subject: Amyloidogenesis
subject: Dexamethasone
subject: Neurodegeneration
subject: 610

description: Long-term exposure to high glucocorticoid levels induces memory impairment and neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) by increasing the expression of amyloid β and tau hyperphosphorylation (pTau). Previous studies showed beneficial effects of flavonoids in neurodegenerative models. 5,6,7,4'-tetramethoxyflavanone (TMF) is one of the active ingredients in Chromolaena odorata (L.), which R. M. King and H. Rob discovered in Thailand. This study focused on the effects of TMF on dexamethasone (DEX)-induced neurodegeneration, amyloidogenesis, pTau expression, neuron synaptic function, and cognitive impairment and the potential mechanisms involved. Mice were intraperitoneally administered DEX for 28 days before being treated with TMF for 30 days. The mice were randomly divided into six groups (twelve mice per group): control; TMF administration (40 mg/kg); pioglitazone administration (20 mg/kg); DEX administration (60 mg/kg); DEX administration plus TMF; and DEX administration plus pioglitazone. Behavioral tests showed that TMF significantly attenuated the memory impairment triggered by DEX. Consistently, TMF reduced DEX-induced amyloid beta production by reducing the expression of beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) and presenilin 1 (PS1), whereas it increased the gene expression of a disintegrin and metalloprotease 10 (ADAM10). TMF treatment also decreased pTau expression, inhibited phosphonuclear factor-kappa B (pNF-kB) and inhibited glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) activity by increasing GSK3 phosphorylation (pGSK3). In addition, TMF also improved synaptic function by increasing the expression of synaptophysin (Syn) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95) while decreasing acetylcholine esterase activity. Conclusively, TMF provided neuroprotection against DEX-induced neurodegeneration. These findings suggest that TMF might have potential as a therapeutic drug for AD.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
PERSPECTIVES ON FUTURE RESEARCH IN CENTRAL AND EASTERN EUROPEAN TRANSITION AGRICULTURE
Creators: name: Lerman, Zvi
name: Lerman, Zvi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Development

description: Measuring the Progress Toward Market is proposed as the unifying theme for the next stage of transition research. The main areas included in the research agenda focus on land ownership and land markets, changes in farming structure and farm organization, agricultural labor adjustment, introduction of hard budget constraints and real bankruptcy procedures. The emergence of functioning market services should be studied in the perspective of demonopolization and competition, with special emphasis on development of service cooperatives.
FAMILY COMPOSITION AND OFF-FARM PARTICIPATION DECISIONS IN ISRAELI FARM HOUSEHOLDS
Creators: name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Kimhi, Ayal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: This paper studies the dependence of the off-farm participation behavior of farm operators and their spouses on the demographic composition of the household. Specifically, we focus on farm families without parents, siblings or partners, and examine the effects of the existence and work decisions of elderly children of the farm couple. We find that both the father and the mother tend to reduce their participation in off-farm work as the number of elderly children rises. This result holds even after controlling for observed characteristics. We also find that the effect of elderly children stems from considerations related to both farm production and household production.
Common transcriptional programs and the role of chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 20 (CCL20) in cell migration of cholangiocarcinoma
Creators: name: Win Maung, Hay Mar
name: Chan-On, Waraporn
name: Kunkeaw, Nawapol
name: Khaenam, Prasong
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: CCL20
subject: CCR6
subject: Cholangiocarcinoma (CCA)
subject: Microarray
subject: Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT)
subject: Cell migration
subject: 610

description: The incidence of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) has risen in many countries, but there is still no appropriate screening and treatment available. The growing number of microarray data published todays can be a powerful resource for the discovery of biomarkers to tackle challenges in the management of CCA. This study analyzed multiple microarray datasets to identify the common transcriptional networks in CCA and select a possible biomarker for functional study in CCA cell lines. A systematic searching identified 4 microarray datasets from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) repository and PubMed articles. Differential expression analysis between tumor and normal tissues was performed in each dataset. In order to characterize the common expression pattern, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) from all datasets were combined and visualized by hierarchical clustering and heatmap. Gene enrichment analysis performed in each cluster revealed that over-expressed DEGs were enriched in cell cycle, cell migration and response to cytokines while under-expressed DEGs were enriched in metabolic processes such as oxidation-reduction, lipid, and drug. To explain tumor characteristics, genes enriched in cell migration and response to cytokines were further investigated. Among these genes, CCL20 was selected for functional study because its role has never been studied in CCA. Moreover, its signaling may be regulated by disrupting its only receptor, CCR6. Treatment with recombinant CCL20 induced higher cell migration and increased expression of N-cad. In contrast, knockdown of CCR6 by siRNA reduced cell migration ability and decreased N-cadherin level. Altogether, these results suggested the contribution of CCL20/CCR6 signaling in cell migration through epithelial-mesenchymal transition process. Thus, CCL20/CCR6 signaling might be a target for the management of CCA.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
CORRUPTION AND OPENNESS
Creators: name: Neeman, Zvika
name: Paserman, Daniele
name: Simhon, Avi
name: Neeman, Zvika
name: Paserman, Daniele
name: Simhon, Avi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: International Development
subject: Corruption
subject: Growth
subject: Openness

description: We consider a neoclassical growth model with endogenous corruption. Corruption and wealth, which are co-determined in equilibrium, are shown to be negatively correlated. Richer countries tend to be less corrupt, and corrupt economies tend to be poorer. This observation gives rise to the following puzzle: If poorer countries do indeed experience higher levels of corruption, and if indeed as suggested by a number of empirical studies corruption hampers growth, then how did rich countries, who were poor once, become rich? Our answer is simple. In the past, economies were mostly "closed" in the sense that it was difficult to transfer illicit money outside of the economy. In contrast, today's economies are mostly open. In the relatively closed economies of the 19th century, the gains from corruption remained inside the country and became part of the economy's productive capital. In contrast, in today's open economies, corrupt agents smuggle stolen money abroad depleting their country's stock of capital. We confirm this intuitive explanation by testing the hypothesis that the effect of corruption on wealth depends on the economy's degree of openness using cross-country data.
THE IDENTIFICATION OF ENEMY INTENTIONS THROUGH OBSERVATION OF LONG LEAD-TIME MILITARY PREPARATIONS
Creators: name: Lipow, Jonathan
name: Plessner, Yakir
name: Lipow, Jonathan
name: Plessner, Yakir
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: International Relations/Trade

description: Intuitively, we would expect that an increase in the military preparations of potential enemies imply that the rival perceives an increase in the likelihood of future conflict. In this paper, we present a simple model that suggests that, surprisingly, the relationship is ambiguous. We find that (a) the specification of the social utility function; and (b) the rate of substitution between long and short lead-time preparations in the production of defense capability play a role in determining whether rivals respond to an increased future threat, by increasing or decreasing their long lead-time preparations.
RNA-protein correlation of liver toxicity markers in HepaRG cells
Creators: name: Braeuning, Albert
name: Mentz, Almut
name: Schmidt, Felix F.
name: Albaum, Stefan P.
name: Planatscher, Hannes
name: Kalinowski, Jörn
name: Joos, Thomas O.
name: Poetz, Oliver
name: Lichtenstein, Dajana
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Liver toxicity
subject: In vitro testing
subject: Hepatocytes
subject: Relative potency factors
subject: Omics
subject: 610

description: The liver is a main target organ for the toxicity of many different compounds. While in general, in vivo testing is still routinely used for assessing the hepatotoxic potential of test chemicals, the use of in vitro models offers advantages with regard to throughput, consumption of resources, and animal welfare aspects. Using the human hepatoma cell line HepaRG, we performed a comparative evaluation of a panel of hepatotoxicity marker mRNAs and proteins after exposure of the cells to 30 different pesticidal active compounds comprising herbizides, fungicides, insecticides, and others. The panel of hepatotoxicity markers included nuclear receptor target genes, key players of fatty acid and bile acid metabolism-related pathways, as well as recently identified biomarkers of drug-induced liver injury. Moreover, marker genes and proteins were identified, for example, S100P, ANXA10, CYP1A1, and CYP7A1. These markers respond with high sensitivity to stimulation with chemically diverse test compounds already at non-cytotoxic concentrations. The potency of the test compounds, determined as an overall parameter of their ability to deregulate marker expression in vitro, was very similar between the mRNA and protein levels. Thus, this study does not only characterize the response of human liver cells to 30 different pesticides but also demonstrates that hepatotoxicity testing in human HepaRG cells yields well comparable results at the mRNA and protein levels. Furthermore, robust hepatotoxicity marker genes and proteins were identified in HepaRG cells.
description: EXCLI Journal;Vol. 19 2020
Morphological and spectral study of 4FGL J1115.1-6118 in the region of the young massive stellar cluster NGC 3603
Creators: name: Saha, L.
name: Domínguez, A.
name: Tibaldo, L.
name: Marchesi, S.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Lemoine-Goumard, M.
name: López, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a detailed study of an unidentified gamma-ray source located in the region of the compact stellar cluster NGC 3603. This is a star-forming region (SFR) powered by a massive cluster of OB stars. A dedicated analysis of about 10 years of data from 10 GeV - 1 TeV, provided by the Large Area Telescope (LAT) onboard the Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, yields the detection of a pointlike source at a significance of 9$σ$. The source photon spectrum can be described by a power-law model with best fit spectral index of $2.35 \pm 0.03$. In addition, the analysis of a deep Chandra image in the 0.5 - 7 keV band reliably rules out an extragalactic origin for the gamma rays. We also conclude that the broadband spectral energy distribution of the point source can be explained well with both leptonic and hadronic models. No firm evidence of association with any other classes of known gamma-ray emitters is found, therefore we speculate that 4FGL J1115.1-6118 is a gamma-ray emitting SFR.
description: 16 pages, 9 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to ApJ
Dynamical coupled-channel study of K+ Lambda photoproduction
Creators: name: Juliá-Díaz, B.
name: Saghai, B.
name: Tabakin, F.
name: Chiang, W. -T.
name: Lee, T. -S. H.
name: Li, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results for the reaction gamma p --> K+ Lambda, studied within a constituent quark model and a dynamical coupled-channel approach, are presented and compared with recent data. Issues related to the search for missing baryon resonances are briefly discussed and the role played by a third S_{11} resonance is underlined.
description: To appear in the proceedings of BARYONS 2004, Palaiseau, France, 25-29 Oct 2004
PLOT SIZE AND MAIZE PRODUCTIVITY IN ZAMBIA: THE INVERSE RELATIONSHIP RE-EXAMINED
Creators: name: Kimhi, Ayal
name: Kimhi, Ayal
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Maize Yield
subject: Plot Size
subject: Inverse Relationship
subject: Recursive Decisions
subject: Two-stage Estimation
subject: Two-sided Tobit
subject: Selectivity Correction

description: Agricultural productivity is known to decline with farm size in many developing countries. This may be a result of market imperfections, such as missing rural labor markets. On the other hand, there may be economies of scale in farming, due, for instance, to the importance of lumpy inputs. Hence, it is not theoretically obvious that the inverse relationship prevails in all situations. Indeed, several studies found non-monotonic relationships between productivity and farm size, with productivity decreasing with size up to a certain size and increasing beyond that point. This paper examines the relationship between Maize productivity and plot size in Zambia. If offers a unique empirical approach. First, it focuses on Maize, which is the major crop on small and medium size farms in Zambia, but also accounts for the endogenous determination of the size of the plot devoted to Maize. Previous studies used total farm size or harvested area. Second, it corrects for selectivity into Maize cultivation. Third, it controls for differences in land quality and weather conditions across districts. Finally, it offers a structural interpretation of the above framework by modeling farm decisions in two recursive stages, where land is first allocated to the different crops based on the information set of the farmers at the time of planting, and the yield is affected by subsequent application of inputs, the quantities of which may depend on additional information that is revealed after planting. We use this recursive structure and the differences in the information sets over time to identify the model. The results show that the endogeneity of plot size is very important in this analysis. When considering plot size as an exogenous explanatory variable, we find a monotonic positive relationship between the yield of Maize and plot size, indicating that economies of scale are dominant throughout the plot size distribution. However, when we correct for the endogeneity of plot size, we find that the inverse relationship dominates the economies of scale in all plots up to 3 hectares, which constitute 86% of our sample. These results suggest that market imperfections should be targeted by any policy aimed at increasing Maize productivity in Zambia.
Automated Delineation of Hospital Service Areas and Hospital Referral Regions by Modularity Optimization
Creators: name: Hu, Yujie
name: Wang, Fahui
name: Xierali, Imam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Objective. To develop an automated, data-driven, and scale-flexible method to delineate HSAs and HRRs that are up-to-date, representative of all patients, and have the optimal localization of hospital visits. Data Sources. The 2011 State Inpatient Database (SID) in Florida from the Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP). Study Design. A network optimization method was used to redefine HSAs and HRRs by maximizing patient-to-hospital flows within each HSA/HRR while minimizing flows between them. We first constructed as many HSAs/HRRs as existing Dartmouth units in Florida, and then compared the two by various metrics. Next, we sought to derive the optimal numbers and configurations of HSAs/HRRs that best reflect the modularity of hospitalization patterns in Florida. Principal Findings. The HSAs/HRRs by our method are favored over the Dartmouth units in balance of region size and market structure, shape, and most importantly, local hospitalization. Conclusions. The new method is automated, scale-flexible, and effective in capturing the natural structure of healthcare system. It has great potential for applications in delineating other healthcare service areas or in larger geographic regions.
The Felt Body ('Leib')
Creators: name: Schmitz, Hermann
Publisher: name: Online Encyclopedia Philosophy of Nature
Year: 2021

description: The uniquely German expression ‘Leib’, which in everyday language refers to the felt or living body, has gained importance in modern philosophy due to a dissatisfaction with the traditional bifurcation of the human being into body and soul (alternately mind, or mental contents). On this traditional view, the soul is conceived as a separate inner sphere that is connected to the world only by the body. While the body is plain to view to the conscious subject, it is nonetheless separated from it as an object of observation, reflection and use. Neither of these aspects is suited to explaining the immediate affectedness with which reality is encountered by human beings – the soul is too remote and encapsulated; the body is too distant. In the human being we seek an intersection for that which immediately takes hold of one, in particular also spatially, and for this we need the felt body, which in embodied affectedness is open to that which takes hold of and forces the human being to become aware of itself, be it purely by feeling or also aided by reflection. This is so because it is hit by something that throws it back upon itself. For this reason, the identification of the human being with the felt body is characteristic of the modern philosophy of embodiment, because it is through the felt body that one becomes aware of oneself.
description: Online Encyclopedia Philosophy of Nature, 2019
What drives stocks during the Corona-crash? News attention vs. rational expectation
Creators: name: Engelhardt, Nils
name: Krause, Miguel
name: Neukirchen, Daniel
name: Posch, Peter
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Corona-crash
subject: News attention
subject: Investor expectation
subject: 330

description: We explore if the corona-crash 2020 was driven by news attention or rational expectations about the pandemic’s economic impact. Using a sample of 64 national stock markets covering 94% of the world’s GDP, we find the stock markets’ decline to be mainly associated with higher news attention and less with rational expectation. We estimate the economic cost from the news hype to amount to USD 3.5 trillion for the US and USD 200 billion on average for the rest of the G8 countries.
description: Sustainability;12(12)
Rate Allocation Algorithm with Successive Refinement in Peer-to-Peer Networks
Creators: name: Lu, Mi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 100503 Computer Communications Networks
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce a new across-peer rate allocation algorithm with successive refinement to improve the video transmission performance in P2P networks, based on the combination of multiple description coding and network coding. Successive refinement is implemented through layered multiple description codes. The algorithm is developed to maximize the expected video quality at the receivers by partitioning video bitstream into different descriptions depending on different bandwidth conditions of each peer. Adaptive rate partition adjustment is applied to ensure the real reflection of the packet drop rate in the network. Also the granularity is changed to the scale of atomic blocks instead of stream rates in prior works. Through simulation results we show that the algorithm outperforms prior algorithms in terms of video playback quality at the peer ends, and helps the system more adjustable to the peer dynamics.
RESOURCE EXPLOITATION, BIODIVERSITY LOSS AND ECOLOGICAL EVENTS
Creators: name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
name: Tsur, Yacov
name: Zemel, Amos
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: ecosystem
subject: resource management
subject: event uncertainty
subject: biodiversity
subject: extinction

description: We study the management of a natural resource that supports ecosystems as well as human needs. The reduction in the resource base introduces a threat of occurrence of catastrophic ecological events, such as the sudden collapse of the national habitat that lead to severe loss of biodiversity. The event occurrence conditions involve uncertainty of various types, and the distinction among these types affects the optimal exploitation policies. When uncertainty is due to our ignorance of some aspects of the underlying ecology, the isolated equilibrium states characterizing optimal exploitation for many renewable resource problems become equilibrium intervals. Events triggered by genuinely stochastic environmental conditions maintain the structure of isolated equilibria, but the presence of event uncertainty shifts these equilibrium states relative to their position when occurrence conditions are known with certainty.
Electromagnetic interactions of higher dimensional quantum Hall droplets
Creators: name: Karabali, Dimitra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a $W_{N}$-gauge theory to describe electromagnetic interactions of spinless fermions in the lowest Landau level, where the $W_{N}$ transformations are nonlinear realizations of U(1) gauge transformations, we construct the effective action describing electromagnetic interactions of a higher dimensional quantum Hall droplet. We also discuss how this is related to the Abelian Seiberg-Witten map. Explicit calculations are presented for the quantum Hall effect on ${\bf CP}^k$ with U(1) background magnetic field. The bulk action is a Kähler-Chern-Simons term whose anomaly is cancelled by a boundary contribution so that gauge invariance is explicitly satisfied.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX, typos corrected, minor additions
REGULATING IRRIGATION VIA BLOCK-RATE PRICING: AN ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Bar-Shira, Ziv
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Simhon, Avi
name: Bar-Shira, Ziv
name: Finkelshtain, Israel
name: Simhon, Avi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Block-Rate Pricing
subject: Irrigation
subject: C13
subject: Q15
subject: Q28

description: In this paper, we adapt Burtless and Hausman's (1978) methodology in order to estimate farmer's demand for irrigation water under increasing block-rate tariffs and empirically assess its effect on aggregate demand and inter-farm allocation efficiency. This methodology overcomes the technical challenges raised by increasing block rate pricing and accounts for both observed and unobserved technological heterogeneity among farmers. Employing a micro panel data documenting irrigation levels and prices in 185 Israeli agricultural communities in the period 1992-1997 we estimate water demand elasticity at -0.3 in the short run (the effect of a price change on demand within a year of implementation) and -0.46 in the long run. We also find that, in accordance with common belief, switching from a single to a block price regime, yields a 7% reduction in average water use while maintaining the same average price. However, based on our simulations we estimate that the switch to block prices will result in a loss of approximately 1% of agricultural output due to inter-farm allocation inefficiencies.
Comment on "Domain Structure in a Superconducting Ferromagnet"
Creators: name: Sonin, E. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: According to Faure and Buzdin [Phys. Rev. Lett. 94, 187202 (2005)], in a superconducting ferromagnet a domain structure with a period small compared with the London penetration depth can arise. They claim that this contradicts to the conclusion of Sonin [Phys. Rev. B, 66, 100504 (2002)] that ferromagnetic domain structure in the Meissner state of a superconducting ferromagnet is absent in equilibrium. This contradiction is imaginary, based on misinterpretation of the results of these two papers.
description: 1 page, no figures, final version published in Phys.Rev.Lett
NEUROCIÊNCIA, ARQUITETURA E TRANSTORNO DO ESPECTRO AUTISTA (TEA): COMO A NEUROCIÊNCIA APLICADA À ARQUITETURA PODE CONTRIBUIR PARA A ACEITAÇÃO DO DIAGNÓSTICO DE TEA PELAS FAMÍLIAS DE INDIVÍDUOS AUTISTAS
Creators: name: Meletti Barbosa, Regina Maria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Neuroscience; Architecture; Autism; Brain; ASD

description: This paper aims to discuss, through a review of existing literature, how Neuroscience and Cognitive Science can contribute to the work of architects and interior designers in creating residential environments conducive to integrating individuals with autism into their families. The number of autism diagnoses in children has been on the rise due to increased awareness and dissemination of knowledge about the disorder. According to the latest statistics released by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2020), 1 in 36 children up to 8 years old is diagnosed with autism in the United States. Moreover, it is believed that there are over 70 million people with autism worldwide (UN, 2022). Despite these almost epidemic numbers, very few building codes and construction guidelines include autism in their discussions about accessibility, inclusion, and universal design (Mostafa, 2008). Additionally, it remains challenging for family members of individuals with autism to receive and accept the diagnosis. The fact is that the family environment is the first social level to which the individual with autism is exposed, and it is also where they will experience their first prejudices, stemming from lack of information, unpreparedness, shame, denial, or despair. The harmony of the family environment is essential for all members to enjoy the benefits of a sensorially pleasing home, preserving their well-being and enabling them to support the individual with autism in managing sensory crises, adapting to space, and interacting with people in their surroundings.
Disturbance of the regenerative effect by use of milling tools modified with asymmetric dynamic properties
Creators: name: Baumann, Jonas
name: Wirtz, Andreas
name: Siebrecht, Tobias
name: Biermann, Dirk
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Dynamics
subject: Milling
subject: Cutting tool
subject: 620
subject: 670
subject: Maschinendynamik
subject: Fräsmaschine
subject: Spanende Werkzeugmaschine

description: Milling processes are often limited by self-excited vibrations of the tool or workpiece, generated by the regenerative effect, especially when using long cantilevered tools or machining thin-walled workpieces. The regenerative effect arises from a periodic modulation of the uncut chip thickness within the frequencies of the eigenmodes, which results in a critical excitation in the consecutive cuts or tooth engagements. This paper presents a new approach for disturbing the regenerative effect by using milling tools which are modified with asymmetric dynamic properties. A four-fluted milling tool was modified with parallel slots in the tool shank in order to establish asymmetric dynamic characteristics or different eigenfrequencies for consecutive tooth engagements, respectively. Measurements of the frequency response functions at the tool tip showed a decrease in the eigenfrequencies as well as an increase in the dynamic compliance in the direction of the grooves. Milling experiments with a constant width of cut and constantly increasing axial depth of cut indicated a significant increase in the stability limit for the specific preparations of up to 69%.
description: J. Manuf. Mater. Process.;4(3)
Grezhausen und seine Kapelle St. Bernhardus
Creators: name: Brauchle, Josef
Publisher: name: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V.
Year: 2024

description: Unser Münster / Die Informationsschrift des Münsterbauvereins Breisach e.V., Nr. 61 (2023): Unser Münster: Sakrale Kunst, Licht und Raum
CAN INCOME EQUALITY INCREASE COMPETITIVENESS?
Creators: name: Fishman, Arthur
name: Simhon, Avi
name: Fishman, Arthur
name: Simhon, Avi
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Search
subject: Price Dispersion
subject: Income Inequality

description: This paper explores the relationship between income distribution, prices, production efficiency and aggregate output in a decentralized search economy. We show that income distribution determines how competitive the market is, and thereby affects production efficiency and aggregate output. It is shown that it is generally possible to engineer a judicious transfer of income from high to low income individuals which simultaneously increases income equality, competitiveness, and aggregate output.
Electromagnetic control of valley splitting in ideal and disordered Si quantum dots
Creators: name: Hosseinkhani, Amin
name: Burkard, Guido
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In silicon spin qubits, the valley splitting must be tuned far away from the qubit Zeeman splitting to prevent fast qubit relaxation. In this work, we study in detail how the valley splitting depends on the electric and magnetic fields as well as the quantum dot geometry for both ideal and disordered Si/SiGe interfaces. We theoretically model a realistic electrostatically defined quantum dot and find the exact ground and excited states for the out-of-plane electron motion. This enables us to find the electron envelope function and its dependence on the electric and magnetic fields. For a quantum dot with an ideal interface, the slight cyclotron motion of electrons driven by an in-plane magnetic field slightly increases the valley splitting. Importantly, our modeling makes it possible to analyze the effect of arbitrary configurations of interface disorders. In agreement with previous studies, we show that interface steps can significantly reduce the valley splitting. Interestingly, depending on where the interface steps are located, the magnetic field can increase or further suppress the valley splitting. Moreover, the valley splitting can scale linearly or, in the presence of interface steps, non-linearly with the electric field.
description: 13+3 pages, 14 figures
Incommensurate magnetic response in cuprate perovskites
Creators: name: Sherman, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The incommensurate magnetic response of the normal-state cuprate perovskites is interpreted based on Mori's memory function approach and the t-J model of Cu-O planes. In agreement with experiment the calculated dispersion of the susceptibility maxima has the shape of two parabolas with upward and downward branches which converge at the antiferromagnetic wave vector. The maxima are located at $({1/2},{1/2}\pmδ)$, $({1/2}\pmδ,{1/2})$ and at $({1/2}\pmδ,{1/2}\pmδ)$, $({1/2}\pmδ,{1/2}\mpδ)$ in the lower and upper parabolas, respectively. The upper parabola reflects the dispersion of magnetic excitations of the localized Cu spins, while the lower parabola arises due to a dip in the spin-excitation damping at the antiferromagnetic wave vector. For moderate doping this dip stems from the weakness of the interaction between the spin excitations and holes near the hot spots.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Relaxation and persistent oscillations of the order parameter in the non-stationary BCS theory
Creators: name: Yuzbashyan, Emil A.
name: Tsyplyatyev, Oleksandr
name: Altshuler, Boris L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We determine the limiting dynamics of a fermionic condensate following a sudden perturbation for various initial conditions. We demonstrate that possible initial states of the condensate fall into two classes. In the first case, the order parameter asymptotes to a constant value. The approach to a constant is oscillatory with an inverse square root decay. This happens, e.g., when the strength of pairing is abruptly changed while the system is in the paired ground state and more generally for any nonequilibrium state that is in the same class as the ground state. In the second case, the order parameter exhibits persistent oscillations with several frequencies. This is realized for nonequilibrium states that belong to the same class as excited stationary states. Our classification of initial states extends the concept of excitation spectrum to nonequilibrium regime and allows one to predict the evolution without solving equations of motion.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures