cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A New Proof for a Strong Law of Large Numbers of Kolmogorov's Type via Weak Convergence
Creators: name: Chou, Yu-Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F15, 60B10, 62F99

description: In terms of the Dirac representation of sample mean and the weak convergence of empirical distributions that holds almost surely, we construct a new proof for a strong law of large numbers of Kolmogorov's type with i.i.d. random variables $X_{1}, X_{2}, \dots$ such that $\lim_{c \to \infty}\sup_{n \in \mathbb{N}}n^{-1}\sum_{i=1}^{n}|X_{i}|\cdot \mathbb{I}_{[c,+\infty[}\circ |X_{i}| = 0$ almost surely. That each random variable $X_{i}$ is $L^{1}$ is also a conclusion. Our proof is independent of both Kolmogorov's strong law and its known proof(s), and potentially furnishes a new way to obtain a short proof of Kolmogorov's strong law.
description: More polished version, with new acknowledgements
title: Adenocarcinoma-neuroendocrine Transition Of Androgen Resistant PCa Depends On SPARC Down-regulation In Stromal Accessory Cells
Creators: name: Enriquez, Claudia
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2020

description: Adenocarcinoma-neuroendocrine differentiation of castration resistant prostate cancer often occurs in a relevant subset of patients as a mechanism of resistance to androgen deprivation and androgen-receptor targeted drugs. Tumor cell plasticity toward neuroendocrine differentiation can be sustained by signals provided by the tumour microenvironment. The matricellular protein SPARC is a crucial modulator of cancer progression and phenotype, exerting different functions depending on its tumour or stromal expression. Here, we elucidated the different contribution of tumour- or stromal-derived SPARC in prostate cancer, using the TRAMP mouse model. Interestingly, crossing TRAMP mice with Sparc-/- mice, we observed the appearance of focal areas of neuroendocrine differentiation within adenocarcinoma. The same percentage of neuroendocrine differentiation observed in Sparc-/-TRAMP mice was also observed in castrated TRAMP mice suggesting that SPARC deficiency and castration converge to the same disease outcome. Supporting this hypothesis, we found that SPARC expression in stromal cells populating TRAMP prostate was dramatically reduced after castration. Furthermore, adenocarcinoma cells acquired neuroendocrine phenotype after injection in Sparc-/- hosts. These results suggested a pivotal role for stromal-derived SPARC in limiting neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer. Accordingly, prostate cancer cell lines, independently by their own expression of SPARC, when co-cultured in presence of Sparc-deficient fibroblasts acquired neuroendocrine features. This transition occurs through the effect of IL-6, which is released by SPARC-deficient, but not proficient, fibroblasts. Indeed, molecular targeting of IL-6 receptor was able to reduce neuroendocrine differentiation both in vitro and in vivo.

 We further detailed a tumor-stroma crosstalk, triggered in TRAMP mice by castration and mimicked in vitro by co-culturing tumour cells and fibroblasts in presence of Enzalutamide, in which miR29b produced by tumour cells consequently induce Sparc down-regulation. We also identified the heat shock protein GRP78 as the primer of this tumor-stromal crosstalk leading to neuroendocrine differentiation. Accordingly, we found that the molecular targeting of GRP78 strongly reduces neuroendocrine differentiation both in vivo and in vitro.

 We were able to confirm the modulation of GRP78 and SPARC, and focal up regulation of NE markers, in paired cancer samples collected before and after androgen deprivation therapy in a small cohort of patients. Our results highlight the pivotal role of stromal components in driving neuroendocrine differentiation of prostate cancer also suggesting possible diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
A New Relation between post and pre-optimal measurement states
Creators: name: Dhara, Chirag
name: Dass, N. D. Hari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When an optimal measurement is made on a qubit and what we call an Unbiased Mixture of the resulting ensembles is taken, then the post measurement density matrix is shown to be related to the pre-measurement density matrix through a simple and linear relation. It is shown that such a relation holds only when the measurements are made in Mutually Unbiased Bases- MUB. For Spin-1/2 it is also shown explicitly that non-orthogonal measurements fail to give such a linear relation no matter how the ensembles are mixed. The result has been proved to be true for arbitrary quantum mechanical systems of finite dimensional Hilbert spaces. The result is true irrespective of whether the initial state is pure or mixed.
description: 4 pages in REVTEX
Effect of Na content and hydration on the excitation spectrum of the cobaltite Na_xCoO_2 yH_2O
Creators: name: Lemmens, P.
name: Gnezdilov, V.
name: Kovaleva, N. N.
name: Choi, K. Y.
name: Sakurai, H.
name: Takayama-Muromachi, E.
name: Takada, K.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Chou, F. C.
name: Lin, C. T.
name: Keimer, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a Raman scattering study on the superconducting cobaltite $Na_xCoO_2\cdot yH_2O$ as function of Na content and hydration (x$\approx$1/3, 3/4 and y$\approx$0, 2/3, 4/3). The observed phonon scattering and scattering continua are analyzed in terms of lattice strain due to the structural misfit and disorder. Hydration, due to the intercalation of one or two $H_2O$ layers, releases a part of this strain. Our Raman data suggest a connection between disorder on the partly occupied Na sites, the split off of the $a_{1g}$ level from the other $t_{2g}$ states of $Co^{4+}$ and superconductivity.
description: 10 pages, 4 figures, for further information see http://www.peter-lemmens.de
The Cosmological Optical Theorem
Creators: name: Goodhew, Harry
name: Jazayeri, Sadra
name: Pajer, Enrico
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: paper
inflation
particle physics - cosmology connection
physics of the early universe
quantum cosmology

description: Abstract: The unitarity of time evolution, or colloquially the conservation of probability, sits at the heart of our descriptions of fundamental interactions via quantum field theory. The implications of unitarity for scattering amplitudes are well understood, for example through the optical theorem and cutting rules. In contrast, the implications for in-in correlators in curved spacetime and the associated wavefunction of the universe, which are measured by cosmological surveys, are much less transparent. For fields of any mass in de Sitter spacetime with a Bunch-Davies vacuum and general local interactions, which need not be invariant under de Sitter isometries, we show that unitarity implies an infinite set of relations among the coefficients ψ n of the wavefunction of the universe with n fields, which we name Cosmological Optical Theorem. For contact diagrams, our result dictates the analytic structure of ψ n and strongly constrains its form. For example, any correlator with an odd number of conformally-coupled scalar fields and any number of massless scalar fields must vanish. For four-point exchange diagrams, the Cosmological Optical Theorem yields a simple and powerful relation between ψ3 and ψ4, or equivalently between the bispectrum and trispectrum. As explicit checks of this relation, we discuss the trispectrum in single-field inflation from graviton exchange and self-interactions. Moreover, we provide a detailed derivation of the relation between the total-energy pole of cosmological correlators and flat-space amplitudes. We provide analogous formulae for sub-diagram singularities. Our results constitute a new, powerful tool to bootstrap cosmological correlators.
Improving behavioral activation for depression
Creators: name: Stein, Aliza Tova
name: 0000-0002-0542-9864
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Behavioral activation
Depression
Guided practice
Meta-analysis

description: Major depressive disorder is the most prevalent mental health disorder and a leading cause of disability worldwide. Behavioral Activation (BA) is a parsimonious, cost-effective, and easily disseminated psychotherapy. Although efficacious, BA leaves many patients symptomatic, suggesting there is room for improvement. This dissertation aimed to contribute to the growing literature developing augmentation strategies for BA. Toward this end, I conducted (1) a meta-analysis of the efficacy of BA and (2) an experiment that aimed to test the efficacy of an in-session strategy to enhance BA outcomes. The primary aim of the meta-analysis was to examine the efficacy of BA beyond depression symptom reduction. I computed effect sizes for BA relative to control conditions for both anxiety symptoms and activation, the putative target of the intervention. Findings supported the use of BA as an intervention for patients with depression and co-occurring anxiety and as a strategy to increase activation. It is important to note, however, that study quality varied and was low on average. There was also evidence of publication bias present. Hence, there is a need for high quality efficacy studies of BA. In addition, effect sizes were modest for all three outcomes, which underscores the need for continued treatment development research. One avenue for improving activation may be through increasing homework compliance with activity scheduling. The primary aim of this experiment was to test whether briefly practicing a target activity (guided practice) during BA would result in higher homework completion compared to activity planning alone (control). Participants (N=100) were college students with depressive symptoms. All participants selected an activity to monitor for 7 days with a goal of completing the activity 5 times. Self-report questionnaires were completed at baseline and 7 days later. Consistent with hypothesis, participants assigned to the guided practice condition evidenced a higher rate of activity completion relative to those assigned to the control condition. Results provide initial support for the utility of guided practice as a strategy for improving homework compliance in BA. Together, this research documents overall efficacy of BA, and highlights specific areas for improvement.
Towards a model independent determination of the phi -> f_0 - gamma coupling
Creators: name: Boglione, M.
name: Pennington, M. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A guide to the composition of the enigmatic f_0(980) and a_0(980) states is their formation in phi-radiative decays. Precision data are becoming available from the KLOE experiment at the DAPHNE machine at Frascati, as well as results from SND and CMD-2 at VEPP-2M at Novosibirsk. We show how the coupling of the f_0(980) to this channel can be extracted from these, independently of the background provided by sigma production. To do this we use the fact that the behaviour of both the f_0(980) and sigma cannot be determined by these data alone, but is strongly constrained by experimental results from other hadronic processes as required by unitarity. We find that the resulting coupling for the phi -> gamma f_0(980) is about 10^{-4} GeV with a background that is quite unlike that assumed if unitarity is neglected. This provides an object lesson in how unitarity teaches us to add resonances. Not surprisingly the result is crucially dependent on the pole position of the f_0(980), for which there are still sizeable uncertainties. At present this leads to an uncertainty in the phi -> f_0 gamma branching ratio which can only be fixed by further precision data on the f_0(980).
description: 24 pages, 5 Postscript figures
Towards the Avoidance of Counterfeit Memory: Identifying the DRAM Origin
Creators: name: Talukder, B. M. S. Bahar
name: Menon, Vineetha
name: Ray, Biswajit
name: Neal, Tempestt
name: Rahman, Md Tauhidur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Due to the globalization in the semiconductor supply chain, counterfeit dynamic random-access memory (DRAM) chips/modules have been spreading worldwide at an alarming rate. Deploying counterfeit DRAM modules into an electronic system can have severe consequences on security and reliability domains because of their sub-standard quality, poor performance, and shorter life span. Besides, studies suggest that a counterfeit DRAM can be more vulnerable to sophisticated attacks. However, detecting counterfeit DRAMs is very challenging because of their nature and ability to pass the initial testing. In this paper, we propose a technique to identify the DRAM origin (i.e., the origin of the manufacturer and the specification of individual DRAM) to detect and prevent counterfeit DRAM modules. A silicon evaluation shows that the proposed method reliably identifies off-the-shelf DRAM modules from three major manufacturers.
The steady state of the boundary-driven multiparticle asymmetric diffusion model
Creators: name: Frassek, Rouven
name: Szécsényi, István M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the multiparticle asymmetric diffusion model (MADM) introduced by Sasamoto and Wadati with integrability preserving reservoirs at the boundaries. In contrast to the open asymmetric simple exclusion process (ASEP) the number of particles allowed per site is unbounded in the MADM. Taking inspiration from the stationary measure in the symmetric case, i.e. the rational limit, we first obtain the length 1 solution and then show that the steady state can be expressed as an iterated product of Jackson q-integrals. In the proof of the stationarity condition, we observe a cancellation mechanism that closely resembles the one of the matrix product ansatz. To our knowledge, the occupation probabilities in the steady state of the boundary-driven MADM were not available before.
description: 13 pages; v2: references added, text improved
Fighting Fire with Fire : Towards a New Park Typology
Creators: name: Tier, Alix
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2020

description: Wildfires have left their mark on the British Columbia landscape for centuries. As we continue to inhabit land closer to fire prone areas, these fires and our relationship to them will continue to shape the landscape and our communities as we know them. This project explores the role of landscape architects and designers in moving towards a new type of wildfire management that considerers both the utilitarian and experiential qualities of various management practices. While maintaining the functional value of these practices, the project investigates how the layering of different value systems including recreation, education, economic and habitat values can contribute to changing our current understanding of fire. The project moves towards a new park typology that seeks to challenge our social, cultural and ecological relationship to fire, particularly in fire prone communities of British Columbia.
On the TransPlanckian Censorship Conjecture in Holographic Cosmology
Creators: name: Bernardo, Heliudson
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this letter we discuss the implications of the recently proposed TransPlanckian Censorship Conjecture (TCC) for Holographic Cosmology. For models of holographic inflation that are dual to inverse renormalization group (RG) flows, assuming the TCC to be true, we found a bound on the running of the field theory coupling and the corresponding maximum energy scale above which the RG flow should be modified. We also discuss on the transPlanckian problem in non-geometrical holographic models.
description: 10 pages, references added
title: Enhancing survey coverage with no net increase in survey effort
Creators: name: Kloppmann, Matthias
name: Burns, Finlay
name: van Damme, Cindy
name: Ulleweit, Jens
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.The mackerel egg survey (MEGS) delivers the only fishery independent data for the assessment of Northeast Atlantic mackerel. Changes in the temporal and geographical distribution of mackerel spawning coupled with renewed discussion surrounding the spawning biology in mackerel necessitated an examination of the traditional MEGS design. During the 2007 MEGS a large expansion of the mackerel spawning area to the Northwest was observed for the first time. This raised concerns whether it would be possible to cover the entire spawning area during future surveys with the limited available ship time. As an alternative survey strategy sampling on every other standard transect was proposed in order to gain ship time to survey a much larger area in the Northwest. However, reliability of the survey results shouldn’t be affected by such modification of the survey strategy.
Evolution of compact groups from intermediate to final stages: A case study of the HI content of HCG 16
Creators: name: Jones, Michael G.
name: Verdes-Montenegro, Lourdes
name: Damas-Segovia, Ancor
name: Borthakur, Sanchayeeta
name: Yun, Min S.
name: del Olmo, Ascensión
name: Perea, Jaime
name: Román, Javier
name: Luna, Sebastián
name: Gutierrez, Diego Lopez
name: Williams, Barbara
name: Vogt, Frédéric P. A.
name: Garrido, Julián
name: Sanchez, Susana
name: Cannon, John
name: Ramírez-Moreta, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hickson Compact Group (HCG) 16 is a prototypical compact group of galaxies, apparently in an intermediate stage of evolution, where its galaxies are losing gas to the intra-group medium (IGrM). The wide variety of ongoing process in HCG 16 make it an ideal case study for exploring which processes are likely to dominate the late stages of evolution in compact groups. In order to build a coherent picture of the evolution of this group we make use of the multi-wavelength data available, but focus particularly on HI as a tracer of interactions and evolutionary phase. We reprocess archival VLA L-band data of HCG 16 using the multi-scale CLEAN algorithm to accurately recover diffuse features. Despite the clear disruption of the HI component of HCG 16 we find that it is not globally HI deficient, even though HCG 16a and b have lost the majority of their HI and almost 50% of the group's HI is in the IGrM, including a 160 kpc long tail extending towards the SE. This study indicates that in the recent past (~1 Gyr) galaxies HCG 16a and b likely underwent major interactions that unbound gas without triggering significant star formation. This gas was then swept away by a high speed, close encounter with NGC 848. The starburst events HCG 16c and d have triggered galactic winds which, in the case of HCG 16d, appears to have disrupted its HI reservoir. The tidal features still connected to these galaxies indicate that more HI will soon be lost to the IGrM, while that which remains in the discs will likely be consumed by star formation episodes. This is expected to result in a collection of gas-poor galaxies embedded in a diffuse HI structure, which will gradually be evaporated by the UV background, resembling the final stage of the evolutionary model of compact groups. This work is accompanied by a complete workflow to reproduce the final data products, intended to improve reproducibility. (Abridged)
description: Accepted for publication in A&A, 35 pages, 18 figures
Synthesis of Cu (II) and Pd (II) complexes with halogenated oxazolidinones: spectral characterization, DFT, ADMET, molecular docking, and in vitro biological studies
Creators: name: Nessaib, Mounir
name: Merazka, Hadjer
name: Bouchoucha, Afaf
name: Bensouilah, Nadjia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2025
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Medicine
Biotechnology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The present work reports the synthesis, characterization, and biological evaluation of novel copper(II) and palladium(II) complexes with a series of four halogenated oxazolidinone derivatives. The structural characterization was carried out using elemental analysis, molar conductivity, FT-IR, 1H NMR, UV-Visible and EPR spectroscopy, and thermal analysis. A computational study using DFT/B3LYP method was carried out in order to determine the structural parameters of the investigated molecules. The molecular docking study was performed to predict the interactions between the complexes and various biological targets. The results revealed that copper complexes exhibit strong antibacterial potential; the [Cu(L3)2] complex with Escherichia coli displayed the highest binding affinity which is equal to −9.26 Kcal/mol. Whereas, the palladium complexes show significant inhibition against Candida albicans and SARS-CoV-2. Antioxidant activity demonstrated that Cu(II) and Pd(II) complexes with chlorine-substituted oxazolidinone exhibit the highest antiradical activities. Moreover, in vitro antimicrobial evaluation against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as fungi, indicated that copper and palladium complexes with fluorine-substituted oxazolidinone exhibit the most potent antimicrobial effects, with inhibition zones ranging from 16 to 33 mm. The prediction pharmacokinetic properties suggest that the metal complexes possess favorable drug-like properties, positioning them as promising candidates for future drug development. New Cu (II) and Pd (II) complexes with halogenated sulfamoyloxazolidinone derivatives were synthesized and characterized. Computational studies were carried out using DFT calculations method. The antimicrobial and antiviral potential of complexes were evaluated using molecular docking. In vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of oxazolidinone complexes were realized. The pharmacokinetic properties and Drug likeness of the investigated complexes were predicted.
Adaptive and weighted optimization for efficient and robust learning
Creators: name: Xie, Yuege
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2022
Subjects: Adaptive optimization
Weighted optimization
Overparameterization
Sparse random features

description: Modern machine learning has made significant breakthroughs for scientific and technological applications and led to paradigm shifts in optimization and generalization theories. Adaptive and weighted optimization have become the workhorses behind today's machine learning applications, but there is still much to learn about why they work in practice and how we can further improve their efficiency and robustness. In this thesis, we first establish the linear convergence of adaptive optimization and then analyze the generalization error of weighted optimization. With these theoretical results, we develop efficient and robust learning algorithms to tackle real-world problems such as model sparsification, image classification, and medical image segmentation. To establish linear convergence guarantees for AdaGrad-Norm, an adaptive gradient descent algorithm, we develop a two-stage analysis framework and show that the convergence is robust to the initial learning rate. Unlike prior work, our analysis does not require knowledge of smoothness parameters or strong convexity parameters. To understand the generalization of weighted trigonometric interpolation, we derive exact expressions of the generalization error of both plain and weighted least squares estimators. Then we show how a bias towards smooth interpolants can lead to smaller generalization errors in the overparameterized regime. For efficient sparse model learning, we propose SHRIMP (Sparser Random feature model via Iterative Magnitude Pruning) to adaptively fit high-dimensional data with inherent low-dimensional structure. SHRIMP performs better than other sparse feature models under lower computational complexity while enabling feature selection and being robust to pruning rates. To further improve the computational efficiency and robustness of AdaGrad-Norm, we propose AdaLoss, an adaptive learning rate schedule that uses only the loss function instead of computing gradient norms. On top of AdaLoss, we enhance data augmentation consistency regularization with an adaptively weighted schedule (\ours) using loss information to handle volumetric medical image segmentation with both sparsely labeled and densely labeled slices. We evaluate our method on CT and MRI scans and demonstrate superior performance over several baselines.
Spontaneous dynamics of two-dimensional Leidenfrost wheels
Creators: name: Brandão, Rodolfo
name: Schnitzer, Ory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments have shown that liquid Leidenfrost drops levitated by their vapor above a flat hot surface can exhibit symmetry-breaking spontaneous dynamics (A. Bouillant et al., Nature Physics, 14 1188-1192, 2018). Motivated by these observations, we theoretically investigate the translational and rotational dynamics of Leidenfrost drops on the basis of a simplified two-dimensional model, focusing on near-circular drops small relative to the capillary length. The model couples the equations of motion of the drop, which flows as a rigid wheel, and thin-film equations governing the vapor flow, the profile of the deformable vapor-liquid interface and thus the hydrodynamic forces and torques on the drop. In contrast to previous analytical models of Leidenfrost drops levitating above a flat surface, which predict only symmetric solutions, we find that the symmetric Leidenfrost state is unstable above a critical drop radius: $R_1$ for a free drop and $R_2>R_1$ for an immobilized drop. In these respective cases, symmetry breaking is manifested in supercritical-pitchfork bifurcations into steady states of pure rolling and constant angular velocity. In further qualitative agreement with the experiments, when a symmetry-broken immobilized drop is suddenly released it initially moves at an acceleration $αg$, where $α$ is an angle characterizing the slope of the liquid-vapor profile and $g$ is the gravitational acceleration; moreover, $α$ exhibits a maximum with respect to the drop radius, at a radius increasing with the temperature difference between the surface and the drop.
title: DeepVision: Improving surveys through identification and measurement of fish inside a trawl
Creators: name: Rosen, Shale
name: Hammersland-White, Darren
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Scantrol AS and the Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway are cooperating to develop camera-based technology to identify and measure the length of fish inside a trawl. The system consists of two 1.4 megapixel colour cameras arranged in stereo; a PC for controlling the cameras and saving the images; strobed LED lights; and integrated sensors for measuring depth, pitch, roll, and heading. It can operate either in a fully autonomous mode, or stream images live to the vessel via a standard subsea coaxial cable (eg. trawl sonar cable).
Floer mini-max theory, the Cerf diagram, and the spectral invariants
Creators: name: OH, Yong-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D35, 53D40

description: The author previously defined the spectral invariants, denoted by $ρ(H;a)$, of a Hamiltonian function $H$ as the mini-max value of the action functional $Å_H$ over the Novikov Floer cycles in the Floer homology class dual to the quantum cohomology class $a$. The spectrality axiom of the invariant $ρ(H;a)$ states that the mini-max value is a critical value of the action functional $Å_H$. The main purpose of the present paper is to prove this axiom for {\it nondegenerate} Hamiltonian functions in {\it irrational} symplectic manifolds $(M,ω)$. We also prove that the spectral invariant function $ρ_a: H \mapsto ρ(H;a)$ can be pushed down to a {\it continuous} function defined on the universal ({\it étale}) covering space $\widetilde{Ham}(M,ω)$ of the group $Ham(M,ω)$ of Hamiltonian diffeomorphisms on general $(M,ω)$. For a certain generic homotopy, which we call a {\it Cerf homotopy} $\HH = \{H^s\}_{0 \leq s\leq 1}$ of Hamiltonians, the function $ρ_a \circ \HH: s \mapsto ρ(H^s;a)$ is piecewise smooth away from a countable subset of $[0,1]$ for each non-zero quantum cohomology class $a$. The proof of this nondegenerate spectrality relies on several new ingredients in the chain level Floer theory, which have their own independent interest: a structure theorem on the Cerf bifurcation diagram of the critical values of the action functionals associated to a generic one-parameter family of Hamiltonian functions, a general structure theorem and the handle sliding lemma of Novikov Floer cycles over such a family and a {\it family version} of new transversality statements involving the Floer chain map, and many others. We call this chain level Floer theory as a whole the {\it Floer mini-max theory}.
description: 74 pages; An incorrect statement in Theorem 3.7 corrected which results in partial rewriting of section 8 and 9. A new theorem, Theorem V added. A new reference [22] added
Radial instability of trapping polytropic spheres
Creators: name: Hladík, Jan
name: Posada, Camilo
name: Stuchlík, Zdeněk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We complete the stability study of general relativistic spherically symmetric polytropic perfect fluid spheres, concentrating attention to the newly discovered polytropes containing region of trapped null geodesics. We compare the methods of treating the dynamical stability based on the equation governing infinitesimal radial pulsations of the polytropes and the related Sturm-Liouville eigenvalue equation for the eigenmodes governing the pulsations, to the methods of stability analysis based on the energetic considerations. Both methods are applied to determine the stability of the polytropes governed by the polytropic index n in the whole range 0 < n < 5, and the relativistic parameter σ given by the ratio of the central pressure and energy density, restricted by the causality limit. The critical values of the adiabatic index for stability are determined, together with the critical values of the relativistic parameter σ. For the dynamical approach we implemented a numerical method which is independent on the choice of the trial function, and compare its results with the standard trial function approach. We found that the energetic and dynamic method give nearly the same critical values of σ. We found that all the configurations having trapped null geodesics are unstable according to both methods.
description: 20 pages, 18 figures. Accepted manuscript to appear in IJMPD
Ultra-processed food consumption and human health: an umbrella review of systematic reviews with meta-analyses
Creators: name: Barbaresko, Janett
name: Bröder, Janine
name: Conrad, Johanna
name: Szczerba, Edyta
name: Lang, Alexander
name: Schlesinger, Sabrina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Recently, ultra-processed foods received a lot of attention, but also criticism. Our aim was to provide an overview of the existing evidence of ultra-processed food consumption on human health. We conducted a systematic search in four databases until January 5th, 2024. Systematic reviews with meta-analyses on ultra-processed food consumption as defined by the NOVA classification system were included. The certainty of evidence was evaluated by the GRADE approach. We identified 16 publications. Moderate certainty of evidence was found for all-cause mortality (Summary Risk Ratio per 50 g: 1.02; 95% confidence Interval (CI): 1.01, 1.03), cardiovascular disease incidence and mortality (per 50 g/d: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.02, 1.06, and 1.05; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.08), type 2 diabetes incidence (per 10%: 1.12; 95% CI: 1.10, 1.13) and colorectal cancer (per 10%: 1.04; 95% CI: 1.01, 1.07). For several outcomes such as inflammatory bowel diseases, obesity, metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, mental health as well as nutrient quality, similar estimates were observed, but certainty of evidence was limited. Discussing the NOVA concept, it remains unclear whether the processing of foods leads to increased health risks or if ultra-processed food consumption is only a measure for poor diet quality.
Electronic structure of pristine and Ni-substituted LaFeO$_3$ from near edge x-ray absorption fine structure experiments and first-principles simulations
Creators: name: Timrov, Iurii
name: Agrawal, Piyush
name: Zhang, Xinyu
name: Erat, Selma
name: Liu, Riping
name: Braun, Artur
name: Cococcioni, Matteo
name: Calandra, Matteo
name: Marzari, Nicola
name: Passerone, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a joint theoretical and experimental study of the oxygen $K$-edge spectra for LaFeO$_3$ and homovalent Ni-substituted LaFeO$_3$ (LaFe$_{0.75}$Ni$_{0.25}$O$_3$), using first-principles simulations based on density-functional theory with extended Hubbard functionals and x-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) measurements. Ground-state and excited-state XANES calculations employ Hubbard on-site $U$ and inter-site $V$ parameters determined from first principles and the Lanczos recursive method to obtain absorption cross sections, which allows for a reliable description of XANES spectra in transition-metal compounds in a very broad energy range, with an accuracy comparable to that of hybrid functionals but at a substantially lower cost. We show that standard gradient-corrected exchange-correlation functionals fail in capturing accurately the electronic properties of both materials. In particular, for LaFe$_{0.75}$Ni$_{0.25}$O$_3$ they do not reproduce its semiconducting behaviour and provide a poor description of the pre-edge features at the O $K$ edge. The inclusion of Hubbard interactions leads to a drastic improvement, accounting for the semiconducting ground state of LaFe$_{0.75}$Ni$_{0.25}$O$_3$ and for a good agreement between calculated and measured XANES spectra. We show that the partial substitution of Fe for Ni affects the conduction-band bottom by generating a strongly hybridized O($2p$)-Ni($3d$) minority-spin empty electronic state. The present work, based on a consistent correction of self-interaction errors, outlines the crucial role of extended Hubbard functionals to describe the electronic structure of complex transition-metal oxides such as LaFeO$_3$ and LaFe$_{0.75}$Ni$_{0.25}$O$_3$ and paves the way to future studies on similar systems.
title: Innovations in survey and sampling design in the Chilean Crustacean Swept Area Assessments
Creators: name: Acuña, E.
name: Alarcón, R.
name: Cid, L.
name: Cortés, A.
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Three crustacean species are subject of yearly swept area assessments off Northern-Central Chile: a pandalid shrimp (Heterocarpus reedi) and two munidid squat lobsters (Cervimunida johni and Pleuroncodes monodon)
Spin vestigial orders in extended Heisenberg-Kitaev models near hidden SU(2) points: Application to Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$
Creators: name: Francini, Niccolò
name: Janssen, Lukas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The honeycomb magnet Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ has recently been argued to realize an approximate hidden SU(2) symmetry that can be understood by means of a duality transformation. Using large-scale classical Monte Carlo simulations, we study the finite-temperature phase diagram of the pertinent Heisenberg-Kitaev-$Γ$-$Γ'$ model near the hidden-SU(2)-symmetric point, in the presence of a six-spin ring exchange perturbation. At low temperatures, the model features collinear single-$\mathbf{q}$ zigzag and noncollinear triple-$\mathbf{q}$ ground states, depending on the sign of the ring exchange coupling. We show that in the vicinity of the hidden-SU(2)-symmetric point, the magnetic long-range orders melt in two stages. The corresponding finite-temperature transitions are continuous and fall into 2D Ising and 2D Potts universality classes, respectively. The two fluctuation-induced phases at intermediate temperatures spontaneously break spin rotational and lattice translational symmetries, respectively, but both leave time reversal symmetry intact. They are characterized by finite expectation values of a real, symmetric, traceless, second-rank tensor, and are naturally understood as vestigial orders of the underlying magnetic states. We identify these vestigial orders as $\mathbb{Z}_3$ spin nematic and $\mathbb{Z}_4$ spin current density wave phases, respectively. For increasing ring exchange perturbations, the width of the vestigial phases decreases, eventually giving rise to a direct first-order transition from the magnetically-ordered phase to the disordered paramagnet. We propose the $\mathbb{Z}_4$ spin current density wave phase, which is the vestigial phase of the primary triple-$\mathbf q$ magnetic order, as a natural candidate for the paramagnetic 2D long-range-ordered state observed in Na$_2$Co$_2$TeO$_6$ in a small window above the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, 1 table; v2: published version
title: Generating a biological adequate single species hake assessment in Namibia from survey data information
Creators: name: Johnsen, Espen
name: Kathena, Johannes
Publisher: name: ASC 2012 - Theme session F
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Technologies and data

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author.Merluccius capensis and M. paradoxus are morphologically very similar and were until 1960 classified as one species (Lloris et al., 2005). Accordingly, the hake catches are not registered separately by species in the Namibian commercial hake catches (Gordoa et al., 2000) and thereby prevents a biologically plausible single species stock assessment from being carried out (Butterworth and Rademeyer 2005). However, the M. capensis inhabits shallower and more northerly areas than M. Paradoxus, but overlap in some areas (Gordoa and Duerte, 1991, Burmeister 2001, Johnsen and Iilende 2007). Further, the species’ distributions are not constant and may change between years (Burmeister 2001) and season (Gordoa et al. 2006).
Testing proportional hazards for specified covariates
Creators: name: Bagdonavičius, Vilijandas
name: Levulienė, Rūta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Tests for proportional hazards assumption concerning specified covariates or groups of covariates are proposed. The class of alternatives is wide: log-hazard rates under different values of covariates may cross, approach, go away. The data may be right censored. The limit distribution of the test statistic is derived. Power of the test against approaching alternatives is given. Real data examples are considered.
description: Published at https://doi.org/10.15559/19-VMSTA129 in the Modern Stochastics: Theory and Applications (https://vmsta.org/) by VTeX (http://www.vtex.lt/)
Evolution of population with sexual and asexual reproduction in changing environment
Creators: name: He, Mingfeng
name: Ruan, Hongbo
name: Yu, Changliang
name: Yao, Lei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Using a lattice model based on Monte Carlo simulations, we study the role of the reproduction pattern on the fate of an evolving population. Each individual is under the selection pressure from the environment and random mutations. The habitat ("climate") is changing periodically. Evolutions of populations following two reproduction patterns are compared, asexual and sexual. We show, via Monte Carlo simulations, that sexual reproduction by keeping more diversified populations gives them better chances to adapt themselves to the changing environment. However, in order to obtain a greater chance to mate, the birth rate should be high. In the case of low birth rate and high mutation probability there is a preference for the asexual reproduction.
description: 11 pages including figs., for Int. J. Mod. Phys. C 15, issue 2 (2004)
Tetrapartite entanglement features of W-Class state in uniform acceleration
Creators: name: Dong, Qian
name: Torres-Arenas, Ariadna J.
name: Sun, Guo-Hua
name: Dong, Shi-Hai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the single-mode approximation, we first calculate entanglement measures such as negativity ($1-3$ and $1-1$ tangles) and von Neumann entropy for a tetrapartite W-Class system in noninertial frame and then analyze the whole entanglement measures, the residual $π_{4}$ and geometric $Π_{4}$ average of tangles. Notice that the difference between $π_{4}$ and $Π_{4}$ is very small or disappears with the increasing accelerated observers. The entanglement properties are compared among the different cases from one accelerated observer to four accelerated observers. The results show that there still exists entanglement for the complete system even when acceleration $r$ tends to infinity. The degree of entanglement is disappeared for the $1-1$ tangle case when the acceleration $r > 0. 472473$. We reexamine the Unruh effect in noninertial frames. It is shown that the entanglement system in which only one qubit is accelerated is more robust than those entangled systems in which two or three or four qubits are accelerated. It is also found that the von Neumann entropy $S$ of the total system always increases with the increasing accelerated observers, but the $S_{κξ}$ and $S_{κζδ}$ with two and three involved noninertial qubits first {\it increases} and then {\it decreases} with the acceleration parameter $r$, but they are equal to constants $1$ and $0. 811278$ respectively for zero involved noninertial qubit.
description: 8 pages, 6 figures
Forensic isoscapes based on intra-individual temporal variation of δ18O and 206Pb/207Pb in human teeth
Creators: name: Regan, Laura A.
name: Bower, Nathan W.
name: Brown, Samuel J.
name: Lundstrom, Craig C.
name: Bartov, Gideon
name: Cooney, Matthew D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Isotopic signatures used in the georeferencing of human remains are largely fixed by spatially distinct geologic and environmental processes. However, location-dependent temporal changes in these isotope ratios should also be considered when determining an individual’s provenance and/or trajectory. Distributions of the relevant isotopes can be impacted by predictable external factors such as climate change, delocalisation of food and water sources and changes in sources and uses of metals. Using Multi-Collector Inductively-Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometer (MC-ICP-MS) analyses of 206Pb/207Pb in tooth enamel and dentin from a population of 21 ± 1-year-old individuals born circa 1984 and isotope ratio mass spectrometry (IRMS) of δ18O in their enamel, we examined the expected influence of some of these factors. The resulting adjustments to the geographic distribution of isotope ratios (isoscapes) found in tooth enamel and dentin may contain additional useful information for forensic identification, but the shifts in values can also impact the uncertainty and usefulness of identifications if they are not taken into account.KEY POINTSIsoscapes of 206Pb/207Pb and δ18O used for geolocation are not static.Within a few years, the enamel and dentin of a person may exhibit measurable differences in 206Pb/207Pb even without changing locations.Changes in climatic patterns tied to rising temperatures are more significant than the direct effect of increasing temperature on δ18O fixed in tooth bioapatite.Third molar (M3) enamel mineralisation includes material incorporated from before formal amelogenesis takes place. Isoscapes of 206Pb/207Pb and δ18O used for geolocation are not static. Within a few years, the enamel and dentin of a person may exhibit measurable differences in 206Pb/207Pb even without changing locations. Changes in climatic patterns tied to rising temperatures are more significant than the direct effect of increasing temperature on δ18O fixed in tooth bioapatite. Third molar (M3) enamel mineralisation includes material incorporated from before formal amelogenesis takes place.