Apanteles prominens Liu & Chen 2020, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: He, Jun-Hua
name: Chen, Xue-Xin
name: Gupta, Ankita
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Braconidae
Apanteles
Apanteles prominens

description: Apanteles prominens Liu & Chen, sp. nov.   
(Figures 67, 102)  
 Description. Holotype. Female. Body length 3.5 mm, fore wing length 4.0 mm.   
 Head. Transverse in dorsal view, 2.0× as wide as long, 0.9× as wide as mesoscutum. Vertex between eye and posterior ocellus slightly shiny with even small punctures. Temple distinctly broad and prominent, rough with shallow punctures. Face hardly 0.8× as high as wide, dull with dense, strong punctures, sparsely pubescent, inner margin of eyes subparallel-sided. Ocelli not large, posterior tangent to anterior ocellus just touching posterior ocelli, distance between fore and hind ocellus weakly longer than diameter of hind ocellus, POL:OD:OOL=6.5:2.5:4.5. Antenna distinctly shorter than body length, weakly closely articulated, penultimate flagellomere 1.3× longer than wide.   
 Mesosoma. Length:width:height = 68.0:40.0:44.0. Disc of mesonotum relatively long, 0.9× as long as wide, shiny with small, shallow punctures, interspaces much larger than diameter of puncture, weakly rugulose-punctate at posterior end of notaulic courses. Scutellar sulcus straight, extremely narrow with sparse carinae inside. Scutellum highly shiny and polished entirely, median length distinctly longer than basal width. Lateral polished field of scutellum reaching over half length of scutellum. Propodeum dull, short, with small sparse punctures anterio-laterally, areola not defined by dense rugosity, and depressed medially, without costulae, spiracle indistinctly enclosed by keels, elsewhere slightly rough with weak rugosity. Mesopleuron shiny, most parts with dense punctures, tend to be shallow and weakly rugulose.   
 Legs. Hind femur relatively thick, 2.8× longer than wide. Hind coxa rough without punctures. Spines on outer side of third tibia less numerous. Inner spurs of hind tibia hardly half length of hind basitarsus, outer spur 1/3. Basitarsus of hind leg as long as tarsomeres 2–4 combined, claws of normal size.   
 Wings. Pterostigma 2.9× as long as its widest part. Vein 1-R1 nearly 1.3× as long as pterostigma, 4.4× as long as its distance from apex of marginal cell. Vein r arising from middle of pterostigma, slightly curved outwards, 1.4× longer than width of pterostigma, 2.6× longer than 2-SR, indistinctly angled at junction, 2-M 5/6 length of 2-SR, 1-SR indistinctly shorter than 2-SR+M, the latter weakly shorter than 2-SR, m-cu 1.8× longer than 2-SR. First discal cell of fore wing 1.2× wider than high. Second submarginal cell of hind wing 1.4× wider than high. Vein cu-a strongly curved apically. Hind wing much broader, length of 1-M distinctly shorter than distance between its distal extremity and apex of vannal lobe, and vannal lobe beyond its widest part strongly concave and hairless.   
 Metasoma. Nearly as long as mesosoma (65.0:68.0). T1 parallel-sided at apical half, abruptly converging from middle towards apex, hardly 2.0× longer than hind width, concave at basal half, turned-over part slightly shiny, rugulose-punctate, longitudinal channel narrow, relatively deep and strongly rugose, and apical tubercle polished. T2 rough, weakly rugose apically, subtriangular, 4.7× wider than long in the middle, weakly curved into T3 apically. T3 2.4× longer than T2. Tergites posterior to T2 matte, and pubescent. Hypopygium distinctly longer than apex of metasoma. Ovipositor sheath nearly 1.2× longer than length of hind tibia, much wider, hairs dense.   
 Colour. Black. Tegula black. Palpi and spurs pale yellowish. Antenna and ovipositor sheath dark brown to black. Labrum and mandible dark brown. Legs mostly dark brown to black, except apical half of fore femur, tibia and tarsus yellow, apex of mid femur, tibia, tarsus and apical fifth of hind tibia fumous. Wing membrane hyaline, C+SC+R, 1-R1 and border of pterostigma light yellowish brown, other alar veins more or less colourless, pterostigma pallid.   
 Variation. Body length 2.9–3.7 mm, fore wing length 3.7–3.9 mm.   
 Male. Body length 2.7–3.2 mm, fore wing length 3.8–3.9 mm. Similar to female mostly, except: T1 narrower and longer and antenna longer and thinner, penultimate flagellomere 3.0× longer than wide.   
 Hosts. According to the label, the parasitoid of Dioryctria rubella Hampson and Retinia cristata (Walsingham).   
 Material examined. Holotype: 1♀, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 1984.VI, Huang Xinfei, No. 845566, ex Dioryctria rubella Hampson. Paratypes: 1♀ 3♂♂, Raoping, Guangdong, 1987.VII, Chen Zepan, Nos. 896625, ex Retinia cristata (Walsingham); 1♀, Dongan, Hunan, 1954.V, Liu Yongfu, No. 5410.9, ex Dioryctria rubella Hampson; 1♀, Lishui, Zhejiang, 1981.IX, Zhu Kunyan, No. 815597; 1♀, Kaihua, Zhejiang, 1987.X.12, Zhao Jingnian, No. 900002, found in fruit of Pinus massoniana Lamb.   
 Distribution. China (Guangdong, Hunan, Zhejiang).   
 Etymology. The specific name “ prominens ” derives from the Latin, referring to distinctly broad and prominent temple.   
 Remarks. This species is similar to A. radocoxa Liu & Chen, sp. n., but differs in the following: vannal lobe beyond its widest part strongly concave (nearly straight in latter); T3 2.4× longer than T2 (1.8× in latter); and cu-a strongly curved apically (straight in latter).
description: Published as part of Liu, Zhen, He, Jun-Hua, Chen, Xue-Xin & Gupta, Ankita, 2020, The ater-group of the genus Apanteles Foerster (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Microgastrinae) from China with the descriptions of forty-eight new species, pp. 1-205 in Zootaxa 4807 (1) on pages 138-140, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4807.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3927639