cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
HUVN Investiga nº 20
Creators: name: Gonzalez-Flores, Encarnación
name: Alba-Ruiz, Ruben
name: Rodríguez Del Águila, María del Mar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Investigación
Financiación
Ensayos Clínicos
Premios
Noticias

description: El boletín HUVN Investiga número 20 contiene información sobre noticias, cursos de interés, premios, becas y tesis, proyectos y recursos humanos financiados, ensayos clínicos aprobados, artículos científicos, y mucho más. Entre los temas destacados se encuentran la obligación de poner en acceso abierto los resultados de la investigación financiada con fondos de los Presupuestos Generales del Estado, una herramienta educativa para comprender la relación entre causalidad y regresión múltiple, y una sesión informativa sobre los sexenios de investigación. También se mencionan los premios y reconocimientos obtenidos por investigadores del hospital, así como los cursos y sesiones clínicas disponibles para la comunidad hospitalaria.
description: ¡Bienvenidos al número 20 de HUVN Investiga! En este boletín mensual encontrarán noticias, cursos de interés, premios, becas y tesis, proyectos y recursos humanos financiados, ensayos clínicos aprobados, artículos científicos, y mucho más. ¡Esperamos que disfruten de la lectura y encuentren información valiosa para su labor investigativa!
(1740) Frank Youatt
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Design and Performance of the Data Acquisition System for the NA61/SHINE Experiment at CERN
Creators: name: Laszlo, Andras
name: Denes, Ervin
name: Fodor, Zoltan
name: Kiss, Tivadar
name: Kleinfelder, Stuart
name: Soos, Csaba
name: Tefelski, Dariusz
name: Tolyhi, Tamas
name: Vesztergombi, Gyorgy
name: Wyszynski, Oskar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper describes the hardware, firmware and software systems used in data acquisition for the NA61/SHINE experiment at the CERN SPS accelerator. Special emphasis is given to the design parameters of the readout electronics for the 40m^3 volume Time Projection Chamber detectors, as these give the largest contribution to event data among all the subdetectors: events consisting of 8bit ADC values from 256 timeslices of 200k electronic channels are to be read out with ~100Hz rate. The data acquisition system is organized in "push-data mode", i.e. local systems transmit data asynchronously. Techniques of solving subevent synchronization are also discussed.
description: 14 pages, 13 figures
(1741) William Henry Willans
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Structure-Function Analysis of Escherichia coli DNA Helicase I Reveals Non-overlapping Transesterase and Helicase Domains
Creators: name: Byrd, Devon R.
name: Ragonese, Heather M.
name: Matson, Steven W.
name: Sampson, Juliana K.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: TraI (DNA helicase I) is an Escherichia coli F plasmid-encoded protein required for bacterial conjugative DNA transfer. The protein is a sequence-specific DNA transesterase that provides the site- and strand-specific nick required to initiate DNA strand transfer and a 5' to 3' DNA helicase that unwinds the F plasmid to provide the single-stranded DNA that is transferred from donor to recipient. Sequence comparisons with other transesterases and helicases suggest that these activities reside in the N- and C-terminal regions of TraI, respectively. Computer-assisted secondary structure probability analysis identified a potential interdomain region spanning residues 304-309. Proteins encoded by segments of traI, whose N or C terminus either flanked or coincided with this region, were purified and assessed for catalytic activity. Amino acids 1-306 contain the transesterase activity, whereas amino acids 309-1504 contain the helicase activity. The C-terminal 252 amino acids of the 1756-amino acid TraI protein are not required for either helicase or transesterase activity. Protein and nucleic acid sequence similarity searches indicate that the occurrence of both transesterase- and helicase-associated motifs in a conjugative DNA transfer initiator protein is rare. Only two examples (other than R100 plasmid TraI) were found: R388 plasmid TrwC and R46 plasmid (pKM101) TraH, belonging to the IncW and IncN groups of broad host range conjugative plasmids, respectively. The most significant structural difference between these proteins and TraI is that TraI contains an additional region of approximately 650 residues between the transesterase domain and the helicase-associated motifs. This region is required for helicase activity.
Change in metabolic rate over time from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon.
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S2. The maximum resting metabolic rate was measured before leg loss, 1 minute after, 1 hour after and 24 hours after leg loss in a subset of males. The graph displays the metabolic rate and how this decreased after 24 hours. Resting Metabolic rate (y-axis) is body-mass corrected (i.e. least-square means of the linear regression of body mass with metabolic rate). Comparisons between pre-leg removal RMR and 24hr RMR reveal significant drop in RMR in males (GLM: Walds χ2 = 3.14, df =3,39, p = 0.035; error bars display standard errors).
(1736) John Jones
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(1738) William Eustace Firth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Comparison of the largest and smallest males metabolic rate and leg mass from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon.
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: a) We took the upper and lower quartile of males based on total body mass, and categorized these as males as ‘large’ or ‘small’ respectively. The largest quartile of males (average leg mass is 6.8% of body mass, n=13) and the smallest quartile of males (average leg mass is 5.3% of body mass, n=12) differed in relative leg mass (GLM: Walds χ2 = 4.73, df = 1, 21, p=0.04; Figure S1, Note: error bars display standard errors). b) The largest males had the largest drop in mass-specific RMR after leg loss compared to small males (GLM: Walds χ2 =4.29, df = 1, 23, p=0.03) but still not as large as predicted based on the relatively larger size of the leg (see Figure 3).
The Swift X-ray Telescope Cluster Survey III: Cluster Catalog from 2005-2012 Archival Data
Creators: name: Liu, Teng
name: Tozzi, Paolo
name: Tundo, Elena
name: Moretti, Alberto
name: Rosati, Piero
name: Wang, Jun-Xian
name: Tagliaferri, Gianpiero
name: Campana, Sergio
name: Giavalisco, Mauro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Swift X-ray Cluster Survey (SWXCS) catalog obtained using archival data from the X-ray telescope (XRT) on board the Swift satellite acquired from 2005 to 2012, extending the first release of the SWXCS. The catalog provides positions, soft fluxes, and, when possible, optical counterparts for a flux-limited sample of X-ray group and cluster candidates. We consider the fields with Galactic latitude |b| > 20 degree to avoid high HI column densities. We discard all of the observations targeted at groups or clusters of galaxies, as well as particular extragalactic fields not suitable to search for faint extended sources. We finally select ~3000 useful fields covering a total solid angle of ~400 degree^2. We identify extended source candidates in the soft-band (0.5-2keV) images of these fields using the software EXSdetect, which is specifically calibrated for the XRT data. Extensive simulations are used to evaluate contamination and completeness as a function of the source signal, allowing us to minimize the number of spurious detections and to robustly assess the selection function. Our catalog includes 263 candidate galaxy clusters and groups down to a flux limit of 7E-15 erg/cm^2/s in the soft band, and the logN-logS is in very good agreement with previous deep X-ray surveys. The final list of sources is cross-correlated with published optical, X-ray, and SZ catalogs of clusters. We find that 137 sources have been previously identified as clusters, while 126 are new detections. Currently, we have collected redshift information for 158 sources (60% of the entire sample). Once the optical follow-up and the X-ray spectral analysis of the sources are complete, the SWXCS will provide a large and well-defined catalog of groups and clusters of galaxies to perform statistical studies of cluster properties and tests of cosmological models.
description: 41 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables, published on ApJS in Jan 2015
Temporal Separation of Vesicle Release from Vesicle Fusion during Exocytosis
Creators: name: Wightman, R. Mark
name: Troyer, Kevin P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: During exocytosis, vesicles in secretory cells fuse with the cellular membrane and release their contents in a Ca2+-dependent process. Release occurs initially through a fusion pore, and its rate is limited by the dissociation of the matrix-associated contents. To determine whether this dissociation is promoted by osmotic forces, we have examined the effects of elevated osmotic pressure on release and extrusion from vesicles at mast and chromaffin cells. The identity of the molecules released and the time course of extrusion were measured with fast scan cyclic voltammetry at carbon fiber microelectrodes. In external solutions of high osmolarity, release events following entry of divalent ions (Ba2+ or Ca2+) were less frequent. However, the vesicles appeared to be fused to the membrane without extruding their contents, since the maximal observed concentrations of events were less than 7% of those evoked in isotonic media. Such an isolated, intermediate fusion state, which we term "kiss-and-hold," was confirmed by immunohistochemistry at chromaffin cells. Transient exposure of cells in the kiss and hold state to isotonic solutions evoked massive release. These results demonstrate that an osmotic gradient across the fusion pore is an important driving force for exocytotic extrusion of granule contents from secretory cells following fusion pore formation.
Hypotheses on the energetic cost of a weapon from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S3: We suggest 4 hypotheses on the metabolic cost of a weapon as size increases. 1) Isometry - metabolic cost of weapon scales in direct proportion to mass (slope =1) 2) Typical allometry - that the metabolic cost of the weapon decreases consistent with the general scaling of metabolic rate and body size (slope =0.75). 3) Cost minimization – the cost of weapons decrease (more than typically) for larger weapons. 4) Expensive weapons – that the metabolic cost of weapons increases with the size of a weapon.
(1735) John Crossley
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The F XX LF Motif Mediates Androgen Receptor-specific Interactions with Coregulators
Creators: name: He, Bin
name: Lee, Lori W.
name: Minges, John T.
name: Wilson, Elizabeth M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The androgen receptor (AR) activation function 2 region of the ligand binding domain binds the LXXLL motifs of p160 coactivators weakly, engaging instead in an androgen-dependent, interdomain interaction with an FXXLF motif in the AR NH(2) terminus. Here we show that FXXLF motifs are present in previously reported AR coactivators ARA70/RFG, ARA55/Hic-5, and ARA54, which account for their selection in yeast two-hybrid screens. Mammalian two-hybrid assays, ligand dissociation rate studies, and glutathione S-transferase adsorption assays indicate androgen-dependent selective interactions of these FXXLF motifs with the AR ligand binding domain. Mutagenesis of residues within activation function 2 indicates distinct but overlapping binding sites where specificity depends on sequences within and flanking the FXXLF motif. Mutagenesis of the FXXLF motifs eliminated interaction with the ligand binding domain but only modestly reduced AR coactivation in transcription assays. The studies indicate that the FXXLF binding motif is specific for the AR and mediates interactions both within the AR and with coregulatory proteins.
Critical Slowing Down of the Charge Carrier Dynamics at the Mott Metal-Insulator Transition
Creators: name: Hartmann, B.
name: Zielke, D.
name: Polzin, J.
name: Sasaki, T.
name: Müller, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the dramatic slowing down of the charge carrier dynamics in a quasi-two-dimensional organic conductor, which can be reversibly tuned through the Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT). At the finite-temperature critical endpoint we observe a divergent increase of the resistance fluctuations accompanied by a drastic shift of spectral weight to low frequencies, demonstrating the critical slowing down of the order parameter (doublon density) fluctuations. The slow dynamics is accompanied by non-Gaussian fluctuations, indicative of correlated charge carrier dynamics. A possible explanation is a glassy freezing of the electronic system as a precursor of the Mott MIT.
Lithium-ion Battery Explosion Aerosols: Morphology and Elemental Composition
Creators: name: Barone, Teresa L.
name: Dubaniewicz, Thomas H.
name: Friend, Sherri A.
name: Zlochower, Isaac A.
name: Bugarski, Aleksandar D.
name: Rayyan, Naseem S.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Aerosols emitted by the explosion of lithium-ion batteries were characterized to assess potential exposures. The explosions were initiated by activating thermal runaway in three commercial batteries: (1) lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (NMC), (2) lithium iron phosphate (LFP), and (3) lithium titanate oxide (LTO). Post-explosion aerosols were collected on anodisc filters and analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The SEM and EDS analyses showed that aerosol morphologies and compositions were comparable to individual grains within the original battery materials for the NMC cell, which points to the fracture and ejection of the original battery components during the explosion. In contrast, the LFP cell emitted carbonaceous cenospheres, which suggests aerosol formation by the decomposition of organics within molten microspheres. LTO explosion aerosols showed characteristics of both types of emissions. The abundance of elements from the anode, cathode, and separator in respirable aerosols underscored the need for the selection of low-toxicity battery materials due to potential exposures in the event of battery thermal runaway.
Critical Analysis of Patent on the Life Forms
Creators: name: Wasiq, Mohammad Rasikh
name: Akhlaqi, Sayed Ershad Sadat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Intellectual property law
Property law (excl. intellectual property law)

description: This article describes and analyses the various legal regimes governing intellectual property rights in the protection of life forms, the patent on life forms, and plant varieties and sets forth regulatory options for national governments to protect plant varieties while achieving other public policy objectives relating to plant genetic resources. A patent can be understood as an IPR relating to inventions and is the grant of exclusive right, for a limited period, provided by the Government to the patentee, in exchange of full disclosure of his invention, for excluding others, from making, using, selling, importing the patented product or process producing that product for those purposes.
The N Termini of Focal Adhesion Kinase Family Members Regulate Substrate Phosphorylation, Localization, and Cell Morphology
Creators: name: Dunty, Jill M.
name: Schaller, Michael D.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The focal adhesion kinase (FAK) and cell adhesion kinase beta (CAKbeta, PYK2, CADTK, RAFTK) are highly homologous FAK family members, yet clearly have unique roles in the cell. Comparative analyses of FAK and CAKbeta have revealed intriguing differences in their activities. These differences were investigated further through the characterization of a set of FAK/CAKbeta chimeric kinases. CAKbeta exhibited greater catalytic activity than FAK in vitro, providing a molecular basis for differential substrate phosphorylation by FAK and CAKbeta in vivo. Furthermore, the N terminus may regulate catalytic activity since chimeras containing the FAK N terminus and CAKbeta catalytic domain exhibited a striking high level of catalytic activity and substrate phosphorylation. Unexpectedly, a modulatory role for the N termini in subcellular localization was also revealed. Chimeras containing the FAK N terminus and CAKbeta C terminus localized to focal adhesions, whereas chimeras containing the N and C termini of CAKbeta did not. Finally, prominent changes in cell morphology were induced upon expression of chimeras containing the CAKbeta N terminus, which were not associated with apoptotic cell death, cell cycle progression delay, or changes in Rho activity. These results demonstrate novel regulatory roles for the N terminus of FAK family kinases.
Change in metabolic rate over time from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: Figure S2. The maximum resting metabolic rate was measured before leg loss, 1 minute after, 1 hour after and 24 hours after leg loss in a subset of males. The graph displays the metabolic rate and how this decreased after 24 hours. Resting Metabolic rate (y-axis) is body-mass corrected (i.e. least-square means of the linear regression of body mass with metabolic rate). Comparisons between pre-leg removal RMR and 24hr RMR reveal significant drop in RMR in males (GLM: Walds χ2 = 3.14, df =3,39, p = 0.035; error bars display standard errors).
The Processing of Holliday Junctions by BLM and WRN Helicases Is Regulated by p53
Creators: name: Zhang, Ran
name: Griffith, Jack D.
name: Spillare, Elisa A.
name: Shen, Jiang Cheng
name: Brosh Jr., Robert M.
name: Loeb, Lawrence A.
name: Mazur, Sharlyn J.
name: Linke, Steven P.
name: Appella, Ettore
name: Subramanian, Deepa
name: Bohr, Vilhelm A.
name: Li, Ji Ang
name: Harris, Curtis C.
name: Hickson, Ian D.
name: Karmakar, Parimal
name: Yang, Qin
name: Wang, Xin Wei
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: BLM, WRN, and p53 are involved in the homologous DNA recombination pathway. The DNA structure-specific helicases, BLM and WRN, unwind Holliday junctions (HJ), an activity that could suppress inappropriate homologous recombination during DNA replication. Here, we show that purified, recombinant p53 binds to BLM and WRN helicases and attenuates their ability to unwind synthetic HJ in vitro. The p53 248W mutant reduces abilities of both to bind HJ and inhibit helicase activities, whereas the p53 273H mutant loses these abilities. Moreover, full-length p53 and a C-terminal polypeptide (residues 373-383) inhibit the BLM and WRN helicase activities, but phosphorylation at Ser(376) or Ser(378) completely abolishes this inhibition. Following blockage of DNA replication, Ser(15) phospho-p53, BLM, and RAD51 colocalize in nuclear foci at sites likely to contain DNA replication intermediates in cells. Our results are consistent with a novel mechanism for p53-mediated regulation of DNA recombinational repair that involves p53 post-translational modifications and functional protein-protein interactions with BLM and WRN DNA helicases.
Development of characteristic airway bifurcations in cystic fibrosis
Creators: name: Bass, Karl
name: Thomas, Morgan L.
name: de Corput, Mariette P. C. Kemner-van
name: Tiddens, Harm A. W. M.
name: Longest, P. Worth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The objective of this study was to develop mathematically described characteristic tracheobronchial bifurcations that are representative of aerosol transport and deposition in the intermediate airways of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), where bronchiectasis is a major contributor to changes in lung anatomy. Realistic airway models in the region of bifurcations B4-B7 were extracted from CT scans of children that were scored as having either low (CT-Low) or moderate (CT-Mod) CF lung disease and served as a basis for comparison with characteristic models. Aerosol deposition characteristics in these CT-extracted models were compared with a previously developed baseline stochastic individual path model (Baseline SIP), based on mathematically defined physiologically realistic bifurcations (PRBs), and new characteristic PRB geometries with modifications made to account for the CF disease state. The Baseline SIP models provided a poor approximation of aerosol deposition in the scan-extracted geometries, as expected. In contrast, the new characteristic (modified) PRB geometries adequately captured deposition consistent with the scan-extracted geometries across the two disease states considered for multiple particle sizes and inhalation flow rates. This was surprising considering that the modified PRB geometries, which can be mathematically specified, only captured an expanded bifurcation region and extended carinal curvature, both representative of bronchiectasis, and neglected asymmetry, surface roughness and non-circular branch cross-sections. In conclusion, the new characteristic PRB geometries adequately captured the deposition characteristics of scan-extracted airway models and can be implemented to represent airway structures in the intermediate and likely deeper lung regions of children with CF for future complete-airway modeling studies. Copyright © 2021 American Association for Aerosol Research
Development of Characteristic Airway Bifurcations in Cystic Fibrosis
Creators: name: Bass, Karl
name: Thomas, Morgan L.
name: de Corput, Mariette P. C. Kemner-van
name: Tiddens, Harm A. W. M.
name: Longest, P. Worth
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry

description: The objective of this study was to develop mathematically described characteristic tracheobronchial bifurcations that are representative of aerosol transport and deposition in the intermediate airways of children with cystic fibrosis (CF), where bronchiectasis is a major contributor to change in lung anatomy. Realistic airway models in the region of bifurcations B4-B7 were extracted from CT scans of children that were scored as having either low (CT-Low) or moderate (CT-Mod) lung disease and served as a basis for comparison with characteristic models. Aerosol deposition characteristics in these CT-extracted models were compared with a previously developed baseline stochastic individual path model (Baseline SIP), based on mathematical physiologically realistic bifurcations (PRBs), and new characteristic PRB geometries with modifications made to account for the CF disease state. The Baseline SIP models provided a poor approximation of aerosol deposition in the scan-extracted geometries, as expected. In contrast, the new characteristic (modified) PRB geometries adequately captured deposition consistent with the scan-extracted geometries across the two disease states considered for multiple particle sizes and inhalation flow rates. This was surprising considering that the modified PRB geometries, which can be mathematically specified, only captured an expanded bifurcation region and extended carinal curvature, both representative of bronchiectasis, and neglected asymmetry, surface roughness and non-circular branch cross-sections. In conclusion, the new characteristic PRB geometries adequately captured the deposition characteristics of scan-extracted airway models and can be implemented to represent airway structures in the intermediate and likely deeper lung regions of children with CF for future complete-airway modeling studies.
Quantification of cooking organic aerosol in the indoor environment using aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometers
Creators: name: Katz, Erin F.
name: Guo, Hongyu
name: Campuzano-Jost, Pedro
name: Day, Douglas A.
name: Brown, Wyatt L.
name: Boedicker, Erin
name: Pothier, Matson
name: Lunderberg, David M.
name: Patel, Sameer
name: Patel, Kanan
name: Hayes, Patrick L.
name: Avery, Anita
name: Ruiz, Lea Hildebrandt
name: Goldstein, Allen H.
name: Vance, Marina E.
name: Farmer, Delphine K.
name: Jimenez, Jose L.
name: DeCarlo, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: The Aerodyne aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) is used extensively to study the composition of non-refractory submicron aerosol composition during atmospheric field studies. During two recent studies of indoor environments, HOMEChem and ATHLETIC, the default ambient organic aerosol AMS quantification parameters resulted in a large discrepancy with co-located instruments while sampling cooking organic aerosol (COA). Instruments agreed within uncertainty estimates during all other sampling periods. Assuming a collection efficiency (CE) of unity, adjustments to the AMS relative ionization efficiency (RIE) were required to reach agreement with co-located instruments. The range of RIECOA observed (ATHLETIC: RIECOA = 4.26–4.96, HOMEChem: RIECOA = 4.70–6.50) was consistent with RIE measured in the laboratory for cooking-specific molecules. These results agree with prior AMS studies which have indicated that more oxidized outdoor ambient organic aerosol has a relatively constant RIE of 1.4 ± 0.3 while more reduced organics have higher RIE. The applicability of a higher RIE was considered for two ambient datasets, and agreement between the AMS and co-located instruments improved when an increased response factor (RIE × CE) was applied to positive matrix factorization-derived primary organic aerosol (POA). Based on the observations presented here and the literature, we recommend AMS users consider applying RIECOA=4.2 to source and indoor studies of COA and evaluate a higher POA response factor of the order of ∼1.5 in outdoor studies at urban background sites, and ∼2 at sites impacted by fresh sources. This study aims to improve AMS quantification methodology for reduced POA and highlights the importance of careful intercomparisons in field studies.
(1737) Algernon Freeman Firth
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Using an inkjet aerosol generator to study particle bounce in optical particle counters
Creators: name: Iida, Kenjiro
name: Sakurai, Hiromu
name: Auderset, Kevin
name: Vasilatou, Konstantina
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: The overall counting performance of two optical particle counters (OPCs), which had a sampling flowrate of 28.3 L/min, was evaluated. An inkjet aerosol generator (IAG) was used to generate at a constant rate monodisperse test particles in the size range of 0.3–10 µm. The effect of particle phase on the counting efficiency (CE) of the two OPCs (RION KC-31 and Lighthouse Solair 1100) was characterized. Lactose monohydrate (LM) and sodium chloride (NaCl) particles were used as the solid particles. The particles of a water-soluble ionic liquid were used as the liquid particles. The CEs were evaluated for polystyrene latex (PSL) particles using a parallel comparison method. The CE of each of the two OPCs measured for solid particles was different from that measured for liquid particles. With liquid particles, the CE decreased over the micrometer range indicating that the particles had deposited on a surface within the OPC. Each CE had a sharp minimum for LM particles when the aerodynamic diameter of the particles, da, was in the 2.5–2.6 µm range. The probability of particle bounce was evaluated using other experiments, and the results suggested that solid particles whose da was in the 2.6–2.9 µm range would bounce off at the inner surface of the focusing segment of the OPC, located upstream of the optical system. The CEs measured when using NaCl and PSL particles were close to unity and did not decrease over a few micrometer range; however, these particles also would bounce off.
Light-Front Spin-1 Model: Parameters Dependence
Creators: name: Mello, Clayton S.
name: da Silva, Anacé N.
name: de Melo, J. P. B. C.
name: Frederico, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the structure of the $ρ$-meson within a light-front model with constituent quark degrees of freedom. We calculate electroweak static observables: magnetic and quadrupole moments, decay constant and charge radius. The prescription used to compute the electroweak quantities is free of zero modes, which makes the calculation implicitly covariant. We compare the results of our model with other ones found in the literature. Our model parameters give a decay constant close to the experimental one.
description: Use Latex, 5 pages and 3 figures eps; Published in Few-Body Systems (2015), February 2015
The Putative Vitamin K-dependent γ-Glutamyl Carboxylase Internal Propeptide Appears to Be the Propeptide Binding Site
Creators: name: Tie, Jian Ke
name: Straight, David L.
name: Jin, Da Yun
name: Presnell, Steven R.
name: Stafford, Darrel W.
name: Lin, Pen Jen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: The vitamin K-dependent gamma-glutamyl carboxylase binds an 18-amino acid sequence usually attached as a propeptide to its substrates. Price and Williamson (Protein Sci. (1993) 2, 1997-1998) noticed that residues 495-513 of the carboxylase shares similarity with the propeptide. They suggested that this internal propeptide could bind intramolecularly to the propeptide binding site of carboxylase, thereby preventing carboxylation of substrates lacking a propeptide recognition sequence. To test Price's hypothesis, we created nine mutant enzyme species that have single or double mutations within this putative internal propeptide. The apparent K(d) values of these mutant enzymes for human factor IX propeptide varied from 0.5- to 287-fold when compared with that of wild type enzyme. These results are consistent with the internal propeptide hypothesis but could also be explained by these residues participating in propeptide binding site per se. To distinguish between the two alternative hypotheses, we measured the dissociation rates of propeptides from each of the mutant enzymes. Changes in an internal propeptide should not affect the dissociation rates, but changes to a propeptide binding site may affect the dissociation rate. We found that dissociation rates varied in a manner consistent with the apparent K(d) values measured above. Furthermore, kinetic studies using propeptide-containing substrates demonstrated a correlation between the affinity for propeptide and V(max). Taken together, our results indicated that these mutations affected the propeptide binding site rather than a competitive inhibitory internal propeptide sequence. These results agree with our previous observations, indicating that residues in this region are involved in propeptide binding.
Transcript Cleavage by Thermus thermophilus RNA Polymerase: EFFECTS OF GreA AND ANTI-GreA FACTORS
Creators: name: Hartsch, Thomas
name: Erie, Dorothy A.
name: Hogan, Brian P.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: All known multisubunit RNA polymerases possess the ability to endonucleolytically degrade the nascent RNA transcript. To gain further insight into the conformational changes that govern transcript cleavage, we have examined the effects of certain anions on the intrinsic transcript cleavage activity of Thermus thermophilus RNA polymerase. Our results indicate that the conformational transitions involved in transcript cleavage, and therefore backtracking, are anion-dependent. In addition to characterizing the intrinsic cleavage activity of T. thermophilus RNA polymerase, we have identified, cloned, and expressed a homolog of the prokaryotic transcript cleavage factor GreA from the extreme thermophiles, T. thermophilus and Thermus aquaticus. The thermostable GreA factors contact the 3'-end of RNA, stimulate the intrinsic cleavage activity of T. thermophilus RNA polymerase, and increase the k(app) of the cleavage reaction 25-fold. In addition, we have identified a novel transcription factor in T. thermophilus and T. aquaticus that shares a high degree of sequence similarity with GreA, but has several residues that are not conserved with the N-terminal "basic patch" region of GreA. This protein, Gfh1, functions as an anti-GreA factor in vitro by reducing intrinsic cleavage and competing with GreA for a binding site on the polymerase.
Matrix product formula for Macdonald polynomials
Creators: name: Cantini, Luigi
name: de Gier, Jan
name: Wheeler, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We derive a matrix product formula for symmetric Macdonald polynomials. Our results are obtained by constructing polynomial solutions of deformed Knizhnik--Zamolodchikov equations, which arise by considering representations of the Zamolodchikov--Faddeev and Yang--Baxter algebras in terms of $t$-deformed bosonic operators. These solutions form a basis of the ring of polynomials in $n$ variables, whose elements are indexed by compositions. For weakly increasing compositions (anti-dominant weights), these basis elements coincide with non-symmetric Macdonald polynomials. Our formulas imply a natural combinatorial interpretation in terms of solvable lattice models. They also imply that normalisations of stationary states of multi-species exclusion processes are obtained as Macdonald polynomials at $q=1$.
description: 27 pages; typos corrected, references added and some better conventions adopted in v2
Intellectual Property Rights Protection: a bird's-eye view in Afghanistan
Creators: name: Wasiq, Mohammad Rasikh
name: Sadat Nasiri, Sayed Mahdi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Property law (excl. intellectual property law)
Intellectual property law

description: The study aims to analyse and identify the loopholes in trade and IPR in Afghanistan. Hence the study shall be doctrinal research. Under doctrinal research, a blend of the following techniques has been used to achieve the research objectives. The data and information for the study shall be based on primary and secondary data collection methods. Primary data will be obtained from the Afghanistan constitution and statutory laws, WTO and TRIPS Agreement; secondary data will be obtained from research papers, journals, magazines, websites and annual publications of the UN, WTO and TRIPS Council. The scheme of the present is limited to highlighting the IPR and trade status of Afghanistan before August 2021.
Comparison of the largest and smallest males metabolic rate and leg mass from The hidden cost of sexually selected traits: the metabolic expense of maintaining a sexually selected weapon
Creators: name: Ummat Somjee
name: H. Arthur Woods
name: Duell, Meghan
name: Miller, Christine W.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour

description: a) We took the upper and lower quartile of males based on total body mass, and categorized these as males as ‘large’ or ‘small’ respectively. The largest quartile of males (average leg mass is 6.8% of body mass, n=13) and the smallest quartile of males (average leg mass is 5.3% of body mass, n=12) differed in relative leg mass (GLM: Walds χ2 = 4.73, df = 1, 21, p=0.04; Figure S1, Note: error bars display standard errors). b) The largest males had the largest drop in mass-specific RMR after leg loss compared to small males (GLM: Walds χ2 =4.29, df = 1, 23, p=0.03) but still not as large as predicted based on the relatively larger size of the leg (see Figure 3).
Werner Protein Is a Target of DNA-dependent Protein Kinase in Vivo and in Vitro , and Its Catalytic Activities Are Regulated by Phosphorylation
Creators: name: Sommers, Joshua A.
name: Brosh Jr., Robert M.
name: Snowden, Carey M.
name: Bohr, Vilhelm A.
name: Lees Miller, Susan P.
name: Piotrowski, Jason
name: Ramsden, Dale A.
name: Karmakar, Parimal
name: Cheng, Wen Hsing
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2002

description: Human Werner Syndrome is characterized by early onset of aging, elevated chromosomal instability, and a high incidence of cancer. Werner protein (WRN) is a member of the recQ gene family, but unlike other members of the recQ family, it contains a unique 3'-->5' exonuclease activity. We have reported previously that human Ku heterodimer interacts physically with WRN and functionally stimulates WRN exonuclease activity. Because Ku and DNA-PKcs, the catalytic subunit of DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK), form a complex at DNA ends, we have now explored the possibility of functional modulation of WRN exonuclease activity by DNA-PK. We find that although DNA-PKcs alone does not affect the WRN exonuclease activity, the additional presence of Ku mediates a marked inhibition of it. The inhibition of WRN exonuclease by DNA-PKcs requires the kinase activity of DNA-PKcs. WRN is a target for DNA-PKcs phosphorylation, and this phosphorylation requires the presence of Ku. We also find that treatment of recombinant WRN with a Ser/Thr phosphatase enhances WRN exonuclease and helicase activities and that WRN catalytic activity can be inhibited by rephosphorylation of WRN with DNA-PK. Thus, the level of phosphorylation of WRN appears to regulate its catalytic activities. WRN forms a complex, both in vitro and in vivo, with DNA-PKC. WRN is phosphorylated in vivo after treatment of cells with DNA-damaging agents in a pathway that requires DNA-PKcs. Thus, WRN protein is a target for DNA-PK phosphorylation in vitro and in vivo, and this phosphorylation may be a way of regulating its different catalytic activities, possibly in the repair of DNA dsb.