cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Admissible Transformations and Normalized Classes of Nonlinear Schroedinger Equations
Creators: name: Popovych, Roman O.
name: Kunzinger, Michael
name: Eshraghi, Homayoon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35A30, 35Q55, 58J70, 35C05

description: The theory of group classification of differential equations is analyzed, substantially extended and enhanced based on the new notions of conditional equivalence group and normalized class of differential equations. Effective new techniques are proposed. Using these, we exhaustively describe admissible point transformations in classes of nonlinear (1+1)-dimensional Schroedinger equations, in particular, in the class of nonlinear (1+1)-dimensional Schroedinger equations with modular nonlinearities and potentials and some subclasses thereof. We then carry out a complete group classification in this class, representing it as a union of disjoint normalized subclasses and applying a combination of algebraic and compatibility methods. Moreover, we introduce the complete classification of (1+2)-dimensional cubic Schroedinger equations with potentials. The proposed approach can be applied to studying symmetry properties of a wide range of differential equations.
description: 42 pages, extended version, the group classification of (1+2)-dimensional cubic Schroedinger equations with potentials was added
Do most planetary nebulae derive from binaries? I Population synthesis model of the galactic planetary nebula population produced by singlestars and binaries
Creators: name: Moe, Maxwell
name: De Marco, Orsola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a population synthesis calculation to derive the total number of planetary nebulae (PN) in the Galaxy that descend from single stars and stars in binary systems. Using the most recent literature results on galactic and stellar formation as well as stellar evolution, we predict the total number of galactic PNe with radii <0.9 pc to be (46,000 +/- 13,000). We do not claim this to be the complete population, since there can be visible PNe with radii larger than this limit. However, by taking this limit, we make our predicted population inherently comparable to the observationally-based value of Peimbert, who determined (7200 +/- 1800) PNe should reside in the Galaxy today. Our prediction is discrepant with the observations at the 2.9-sigma level, a disagreement which we argue is meaningful in view of our specific treatment of the uncertainty. We conclude that it is likely that only a subset of the stars thought to be capable of making a visible PN, actually do. In the second paper in this series, an argument will be presented that the bulk of the galactic PN population might be better explained if only binaries produce PNe. The predicted PN formation rate density from single stars and binaries is (1.1 +/- 0.5) x 10^{-12} PN/yr per cubic pc in the local neighborhood. This number is lower than the most recent PN birthrate density estimates of 2.1 x 10^{-12} PN/yr per cubic pc, which are based on local PN counts and the PN distance scale, but more in line with the white dwarf birthrate densities determined by Liebert et al. ((1.0 +/- 0.25) x 10^{-12} WD/yr per cubic pc). The predicted PN birthrate density will be revised down, if we assume that only binaries make PNe. This revision will imply that the PN distance scale has to be revised to larger values.
description: 52 pages (referee format), 14 figures. Accepted by ApJ
title: Stock identification of Atlantic herring in the Northeast Atlantic based on otolith shape
Creators: name: Libungan, Lísa Anne
name: Óskarsson, Guðmundur Jóhann
name: Pálsson, Snæbjörn
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Otolith shape variation of seven herring stocks in the Northeast Atlantic and Canada was studied to see if otolith shape can be used to discriminate the stocks. The otolith shape was obtained using quantitative shape analysis, transformed with Wavelet and analysed with multivariate methods. Otolith shape differences were detected among the seven stocks, which could be traced to three morphological structures. These shape differences could discriminate between Icelandic summer spawners and Norwegian spring spawners, which are known to mix at feeding grounds east of Iceland. This study provides a method which can be used as a discriminating tool for stock identification of Atlantic herring and the technique can be applied to other fish species as well.
The importance of education in comprehending and judging technology
Creators: name: Scotognella, Francesco
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Technology, in its broadest sense, is the greatest resource of the human species. If philosophers contemplate the cosmos in its entirety, they do so by using a wide range of technical tools, developed over the course of human history. Moreover, as part of the cosmos, philosophers contemplate technology itself: not only the development of technology, but also the reason for its use and how it is passed on to future generations. Education therefore assumes a central role in the existence of humankind. While in the first instance the task of education is the transmission of technical skills, in the second instance it is perhaps more important to educate to judge technology and technological progress. Judging technology is crucial whenever progress leads to new gaps in the normative system and value system of a human society.
description: La tecnica, nella sua accezione più ampia, è la più grande risorsa della specie umana. Se i filosofi contemplano il cosmo nella sua interezza, essi lo fanno utilizzando una gamma ampia di strumenti tecnici, sviluppati nel corso della storia dell’umanità. Inoltre, come parte del cosmo, i filosofi contemplano la tecnologia stessa: non solo lo sviluppo della tecnica, ma anche la ragione del suo utilizzo e la modalità di trasmissione della tecnica alle generazioni future. L’educazione assume pertanto un ruolo centrale nell’esistenza dell’umanità. Se in prima battuta il compito educativo è la trasmissione delle capacità tecnica, in seconda battuta è forse più importante educare a giudicare la tecnica e il progresso tecnologico. Un giudizio sulla tecnica è fondamentale ogni volta che il progresso porta a nuovi vuoti nel sistema normativo e nel sistema di valori di una società umana.
Direitos de publicação secundária na UE: a via legislativa para o Acesso Aberto
Creators: name: Santos, Eduardo
name: Derfoufi, Oumaima
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão Comunicação I, da 15ª Conferência Lusófona de Ciência Aberta, na Escola Superior de Enfermagem do Porto (ESEP), de 01 a 04 de outubro de 2024.
Σύγχρονο διαχειριστικό πλαίσιο για την αντιμετώπιση της Θαλάσσιας ρύπανσης από πλοία στη περιοχή της Μαύρης Θάλασσας:
Creators: name: Παπαγιάννης, Νικόλαος-Αλέξανδρος Λεωνίδα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Θαλάσσια ρύπανση
Διαχειριστικό πλαίσιο
Μαύρη Θάλασσα
Maritime pollution
Managerial framework
Black Sea

description: Γενικός συλλογιστικός στόχος της διατριβής αποτελεί η ανάδειξη του φαινομένου της θαλάσσιας ρύπανσης στη Μαύρη Θάλασσα από τη σκοπιά της ναυτιλιακής δραστηριότητας, καθώς και των σύγχρονων τρόπων/μεθόδων/πρακτικών που μπορούν να υιοθετηθούν, στη λογική διαμόρφωσης ενός σύγχρονου διαχειριστικού πλαισίου για την αντιμετώπισή της. Αρχικά έγινε μία ποιοτική και ποσοτική παρουσίαση στοιχείων αναφορικά με τη θαλάσσια ρύπανση. Η ατυχηματική και η λειτουργική ρύπανση εξετάστηκε μεμονωμένα με στατιστική επεξεργασία των διαθέσιμων στοιχείων. Ακολούθησε ανασκόπηση της διεθνούς νομοθεσίας αναφορικά με τα ζητήματα που άπτονται της θαλάσσιας προστασίας. Αναλύθηκαν στη συνέχεια, οι διάφοροι τρόποι πρόληψης & αποφυγής ρύπανσης (τεχνολογικοί & νομοθετικοί). Έγινε επίσης μία ειδικότερη διερεύνηση σε πρακτικές βασισμένες στην αγορά (Market-Based Methods). Τέλος αναλύθηκε η υφιστάμενη κατάσταση της περιοχής μελέτης όσων αφορά τις θαλάσσιες μεταφορές (με περιγραφικά, ποσοτικά στοιχεία και στατιστική ανάλυση αυτών). Ταυτόχρονα παρουσιάστηκε το ισχύον διαχειριστικό πλαίσιο αντιμετώπισης της θαλάσσιας ρύπανσης στην ευρύτερη περιοχή καθώς ακολούθησε η αξιολόγησή του.
description: The general objective of the thesis is to highlight the problem of marine pollution in the Black Sea in terms of maritime activity, as well as adopting modern ways / methods / practices into forming a modern managerial framework of its prevention and solution. It began with a qualitative and quantitative data presentation on maritime pollution. Ships’ accidental and operational pollution were examined separately, accompanied by statistical analysis of available data. It went on with a review of international law regarding the issues related to maritime protection. Various ways of preventing and avoiding maritime pollution (technological and legislative) were presented afterwards. A thorough survey of market-based practices also took place. Finally the research was focused upon analyzing the current situation in Black Sea regarding marine transport (presenting descriptive, quantitative data and their statistical analysis). Simultaneously, the current managerial framework of preventing and coping with maritime pollution in the region was presented, which was followed by its assessment.
Computing Equilibria of Prediction Markets via Persuasion
Creators: name: Anunrojwong, Jerry
name: Chen, Yiling
name: Waggoner, Bo
name: Xu, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the computation of equilibria in prediction markets in perhaps the most fundamental special case with two players and three trading opportunities. To do so, we show equivalence of prediction market equilibria with those of a simpler signaling game with commitment introduced by Kong and Schoenebeck (2018). We then extend their results by giving computationally efficient algorithms for additional parameter regimes. Our approach leverages a new connection between prediction markets and Bayesian persuasion, which also reveals interesting conceptual insights.
Θεσμική προστασία και διαχείριση του πολιτιστικού περιβάλλοντος
Creators: name: Κτενίδου, Δέσποινα Ευστράτιου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2010
Subjects: Μνημείο
Προστασία
Διαχείριση
Monument
Protection
Management

description: Το αντικείμενο της διπλωματικής εργασίας αφορά στην έρευνα του κανονιστικού πλαισίου και του συνόλου των διαδικασιών που διέπουν την προστασία και διαχείριση των στοιχείων της Πολιτιστικής Κληρονομιάς στην Ελλάδα. Εστιάζεται κυρίως σε Μνημεία και Αρχαιολογικούς Χώρους και αποπειράται να ακολουθήσει μιας τέτοιας φύσης πολιτιστικό αγαθό από τη στιγμή που η πολιτεία θα επιλέξει τη θεσμοθετημένη προστασία του, μέχρι που μέσα από τη διαδικασία συντήρησης, ανάδειξης και ένταξης του στη σημερινή πραγματικότητα θα αποδοθεί για ανεμπόδιστη πρόσβαση και χρήση στον πολίτη. Κάτω από αυτήν την προσέγγιση εξετάζεται ο βαθμός και η φύση της παρεχόμενης προστασίας μέσω του Συντάγματος, των Διεθνών Συμβάσεων, του Αρχαιολογικού Νόμου και του Χωροταξικού και Πολεοδομικού σχεδιασμού. Ερευνώνται επίσης οι διαδικασίες και το θεσμικό υπόβαθρο υλοποίησης Αρχαιολογικών Έργων καθώς και οι δομές διοίκησης και διαχείρισης τους. Τέλος εξετάζεται η εφαρμογή της Κοινοτικής Πολιτικής στην Ελλάδα, σε συσχετισμό με την Εθνική Αναπτυξιακή Στρατηγική για τον τομέα του πολιτισμού και αποτιμώνται τα αποτελέσματα των διαρθρωτικών παρεμβάσεων των ΚΠΣ, έτσι όπως αυτά αποτυπώνονται μέσα από τα συγχρηματοδοτούμενα Επιχειρησιακά προγράμματα.
description: The objective of this thesis is in regard to the investigation of the regulatory framework and the set of procedures which govern the protection and management aspects of cultural heritage in Greece. It focuses mainly on monuments and archaeological sites and attempts to follow such a natural cultural asset from the moment the state selects its statutory protection, until it is delivered to the public for unimpeded access through the process of maintenance, enhancement and integration of the current situation. Under this approach, the extent and the nature of the offered protection from the Constitution, the international conventions, the law framework governing archaeological sites and spatial planning are examined. Moreover, the procedures and the institutional background for the implementation of archaeological projects as well as their management and governance structures are investigated. Finally, the implementation of Community policies in Greece in relation to the National Development Strategy for the cultural sector is examined. The effects of structural interventions of the Community Support Frameworks (CSFs) as these are reflected in the co-financed Operational Programmes are assessed as well.
A union of spheres representation for 3D objects
Creators: name: Ranjan, Vishwa
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Reconstruction of an object from a set of points sampled from its boundary is an important problem in graphics and vision. Several methods exist to compute and display surface (e.g., polygonal) and volumetric (e.g., polyhedral) models of objects from the boundary points. In order to display, transform, and compare objects, it is often convenient or necessary to use different representations of objects. Basic desired properties of representations of objects are efficiency of computation, storage, and display. Other important properties include stability (small changes in the data, such as noise or small distortions, cause small changes in the model), the ability to determine the similarities between two data sets, and the computation of simplified models. A survey of common representations of objects (e.g., surface, octrees, etc.) shows that some important properties are lacking in these representations. In this thesis we study a union of spheres representation (UoS) for the volume enclosed by an object's boundary. We present algorithms to generate stable union of spheres models of objects from various sources of data, such as volumetric data (e.g., data from CT or MRI scanners), range data, and other existing models. The spheres can be simplified to obtain multi-scale models. We present a method to establish correspondence between two objects using their union of spheres models and use this to calculate distances between objects, to register objects, and to interpolate between objects. This establishes a measure to study and compare such models. Examples with simple and complex objects show how this measure corresponds closely to the intuitive human understanding of shape.
Circumnuclear Star Clusters in the Galaxy Merger NGC 6240, Observed with Keck Adaptive Optics and HST
Creators: name: Pollack, L. K.
name: Max, C. E.
name: Schneider, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss images of the central ~10 kpc (in projection) of the galaxy merger NGC 6240 at H and K' bands, taken with the NIRC2 narrow camera on Keck II using natural guide star adaptive optics. We detect 28 star clusters in the NIRC2 images, of which only 7 can be seen in the similar-spatial-resolution, archival WFPC2 Planetary Camera data at either B or I bands. Combining the NIRC2 narrow camera pointings with wider NICMOS NIC2 images taken with the F110W, F160W, and F222M filters, we identify a total of 32 clusters that are detected in at least one of these 5 infrared (lambda > 1 micron) bandpasses. By comparing to instantaneous burst, stellar population synthesis models (Bruzual & Charlot 2003), we estimate that most of the clusters are consistent with being ~15 Myr old and have photometric masses ranging from 7E5 M_sun to 4E7 M_sun. The total contribution to the star formation rate (SFR) from these clusters is approximately 10 M_sun/year, or ~10% of the total SFR in the nuclear region. We use these newly discovered clusters to estimate the extinction toward NGC 6240's double nuclei, and find values of A_V as high as 14 magnitudes along some sightlines, with an average extinction of A_V~7 mag toward sightlines within ~3 arcsec of the double nuclei.
description: 37 pages, 9 figures; Accepted for publication by ApJ
Μεσαιωνική κεραμική από τον Μόχλο Ανατολικής Κρήτης:
Creators: name: Κωνσταντινίδου, Σόνια Σάββα
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Μεσαιωνική
Κεραμική
Μόχλος
Medieval
Pottery
Mochlos

description: Η κύρια μεταπτυχιακή εργασία πραγματεύεται την κεραμική της μεσαιωνικής περιόδου από το Μόχλο, τη νησίδα στο νομό Λασιθίου Ανατολικής Κρήτης. Τα παραδείγματα ποικίλουν και είτε πρόκειται για ακέραια (ή σχεδόν ακέραια) αγγεία, είτε για όστρακα που βοηθούν στην αναγνώριση ενός τύπου. Η εργασία διαρθρώνεται σε τέσσερα κεφάλαια με επιμέρους ενότητες. Το πρώτο κεφάλαιο περιλαμβάνει το ιστορικό πλαίσιο, μια αναφορά στη βυζαντινή και μεσαιωνική παρουσία στην ανατολική Κρήτη, τη γνωριμία με τη θέση η οποία έως τώρα ήταν γνωστή για τους πρωτομινωικούς ή και για τους υστερομινωικούς οικισμούς της και τέλος την ανασκαφική ιστορία της. Στο δεύτερο κεφάλαιο περιγράφεται η μέθοδος μελέτης, δίνονται γενικές πληροφορίες για τον πηλό ως υλικό προς επεξεργασία και αναλύονται οι επιμέρους ομάδες και τα είδη πηλών που αναγνωρίστηκαν κατά τη μελέτη. Στο τέλος παρατίθεται υπόμνημα το οποίο λειτουργεί επεξηγηματικά κυρίως για στοιχεία του καταλόγου. Στο τρίτο κεφάλαιο αναλύονται όλοι οι τύποι αγγείων που μας απασχόλησαν (επιτραπέζιων, μεταφορικών και αποθηκευτικών αγγείων) και πιο συγκεκριμένα: οι αμφορείς, οι κανάτες και οι στάμνες, οι λεκάνες, τα αποθηκευτικά αγγεία, τα μαγειρικά σκεύη και τέλος η εφυαλωμένη κεραμική. Κάθε κατηγορία και τύπος συνοδεύεται από κατάλογο αγγείων με αύξουσα σειρά. Στα συμπεράσματα της μελέτης (τέταρτο κεφάλαιο) επιχειρείται: η απόδειξη της σχέσης του Μόχλου με τη βόρεια ακτή και ταυτόχρονα η σύνδεσή του Μόχλου με τις υπόλοιπες θέσεις της Ανατολικής Κρήτης καθώς και ολόκληρης της νήσου. Στο τέλος του τόμου παρατίθενται η βιβλιογραφία, πίνακες, χάρτες, εικόνες και συντομογραφίες που χρησιμοποιήθηκαν. Η εργασία συνοδεύεται από τόμο-παράρτημα με τα σχέδια και τις φωτογραφίες των παραδειγμάτων. Η μελέτη και η καταγραφή του υλικού οδήγησαν στην αναγνώριση και διάκριση συγκεκριμένων ομάδων οι οποίες καθορίστηκαν με κριτήρια την ποιότητα και τη σύσταση του πηλού. Στις περισσότερες περιπτώσεις ο διαχωρισμός έχει ως βασικό κριτήριο το χρώμα του πηλού και οι υποκατηγορίες την σκληρότητα, τις προσμείξεις και την ύπαρξη μαρμαρυγίας (mica). Ο Κατάλογος Munsell χρησιμοποιείται για την αντιστοίχιση των χρωμάτων του πηλού και η τυπολογία για την κατηγοριοποίηση των αγγείων είναι αυτή που διαμορφώθηκε από τον Hayes για την ανασκαφή του Saraçhane στην Κωνσταντινούπολη. Στόχος και σκοπός της συγκεκριμένης εργασίας σίγουρα δεν ήταν ο προσδιορισμός νέων τύπων αγγείων αλλά: η καταγραφή, η περιγραφή και η ενασχόληση με την κεραμική αυτής της περιόδου από το Μόχλο.
description: The master’s thesis has as subject the medieval pottery from Mochlos, a small island at Lasithi, Eastern Crete. The types of vessels belong to the categories of amphorae, cooking pots, storage vessels, table ware and glazed pottery. The given examples vary and either consider whole vessels or sherds that contribute at the recognition of a type.
In vitro μελέτη της αντοχής στην τάση εφελκυσμού 4 τύπων συνδετικών συσκευών για θωρακικούς σωλήνες:
Creators: name: Ψαθάς, Ιωάννης Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Ειδίκευση στη Χειρουργική
στην Αναισθησιολογία-Εντατική
Ζώων συντροφιάς
Specialization in Surgery
in Anesthesiology-Intensive care
in companion animal

description: Στην παρούσα εργασία γίνεται σύγκριση 4 διαφορετικών συνδετικών συσκευών σωλήνα θώρακος με σκοπό την εξαγωγή συμπερασμάτων για την ασφαλέστερη συνδετική συσκευή που προσαρμόζεται στο σωλήνα θώρακος και επομένως την αποτελεσματικότερη πρόληψη επιπλοκών κατά την τοποθέτηση αυτών των σωλήνων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, εξετάστηκαν 4 ομάδες διαφορετικών συνδετικών συσκευών, αποτελούμενες από 10 δείγματα η καθεμία, που προσαρμόστηκαν στον ίδιο σωλήνα θώρακος. Οι ομάδες που συμμετείχαν ήταν: 1) Luer Wire (LW), 2) Luer Lock Wire (LLW), 3) Lopez Short (LS) και 4) Lopez Long (LL) σύμφωνα με τον τύπο συσκευής που χρησιμοποιήθηκε (Luer ή Lopez Valve) καθώς και την παρουσία ή μη ορθοπαιδικού σύρματος (wire, W). Το πειραματικό σκέλος διενεργήθηκε In vitro και τα δείγματα ελέγχθηκαν στην αξονική τάση εφελκυσμού σε ειδικό δυναμόμετρο τύπου Instron. Με βάση τη στατιστική ανάλυση σημαντικές διαφορές βρέθηκαν μεταξύ των ομάδων LW-LS (P=0.001), LLW-LS (P<0.0005) και LLW-LL (P<0.0005). Σύμφωνα με τα παραπάνω αποτελέσματα ο ασφαλέστερος τύπος συνδετικών συσκευών για την πρόληψη επιπλοκών αποδεικνύεται ο LLW.
description: In the present study axial distraction applied in four different types of connecting devices attached to a thoracostomy tube was studied until failure occurred. Four groups of connecting devices entered the study consisting of 10 samples each: 1) Luer Wire (LW), 2) Luer Lock Wire (LLW), 3) Lopez Short (LS) and 4) Lopez Long (LL), based on the type of connecting device (Luer, Luer lock or Lopez Valve) and of the presence or not of tension band wire (W). All groups were attached to the same type of thoracostomy tube. Force and displacement to failure and failure mode were recorded and compared between techniques and materials. Our hypothesis was that LL group may have similar failure mode compared to groups LW and LLW. The axial distraction of the samples was examined by Instron dynamometer, in vitro. Significant differences between groups LW-LS (P=0.001), LLW-LS (P<0.0005) and LLW-LL (P<0.0005) were recorded. Based in the present study the safest type of the connecting device, was LLW for use in thoracostomy tubes in small animal clinical practice.
Deep Metric Learning-based Image Retrieval System for Chest Radiograph and its Clinical Applications in COVID-19
Creators: name: Zhong, Aoxiao
name: Li, Xiang
name: Wu, Dufan
name: Ren, Hui
name: Kim, Kyungsang
name: Kim, Younggon
name: Buch, Varun
name: Neumark, Nir
name: Bizzo, Bernardo
name: Tak, Won Young
name: Park, Soo Young
name: Lee, Yu Rim
name: Kang, Min Kyu
name: Park, Jung Gil
name: Kim, Byung Seok
name: Chung, Woo Jin
name: Guo, Ning
name: Dayan, Ittai
name: Kalra, Mannudeep K.
name: Li, Quanzheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, deep learning-based image analysis methods have been widely applied in computer-aided detection, diagnosis and prognosis, and has shown its value during the public health crisis of the novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Chest radiograph (CXR) has been playing a crucial role in COVID-19 patient triaging, diagnosing and monitoring, particularly in the United States. Considering the mixed and unspecific signals in CXR, an image retrieval model of CXR that provides both similar images and associated clinical information can be more clinically meaningful than a direct image diagnostic model. In this work we develop a novel CXR image retrieval model based on deep metric learning. Unlike traditional diagnostic models which aims at learning the direct mapping from images to labels, the proposed model aims at learning the optimized embedding space of images, where images with the same labels and similar contents are pulled together. It utilizes multi-similarity loss with hard-mining sampling strategy and attention mechanism to learn the optimized embedding space, and provides similar images to the query image. The model is trained and validated on an international multi-site COVID-19 dataset collected from 3 different sources. Experimental results of COVID-19 image retrieval and diagnosis tasks show that the proposed model can serve as a robust solution for CXR analysis and patient management for COVID-19. The model is also tested on its transferability on a different clinical decision support task, where the pre-trained model is applied to extract image features from a new dataset without any further training. These results demonstrate our deep metric learning based image retrieval model is highly efficient in the CXR retrieval, diagnosis and prognosis, and thus has great clinical value for the treatment and management of COVID-19 patients.
description: Aoxiao Zhong and Xiang Li contribute equally to this work
title: Comparative analysis of the blue whiting diet in the Barents, Norwegian Seas and the area west of the British Isles (1998-2012)
Creators: name: Dolgov, Andrey V.
name: Prokopchuk, Irina P.
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Analysis of the blue whiting diet in the North-Eastern Atlantic (the Barents and Norwegian Seas and the area west of the British Isles) was carried out. It was based on quantitative data obtained in 1998-2012. Spatial peculiarities in the feed composition and feeding intensity of blue whiting were discussed. The studies showed that blue whiting predominantly fed on plankton in the Norwegian Sea, whereas more intensive feeding on a large number of fish preys was observed in the area of the British Isles and the Barents Sea. The feeding migration of blue whiting to the Barents Sea can be considered as an adaptive mechanism for better consumption of food resources.
Self-Control of Traffic Lights and Vehicle Flows in Urban Road Networks
Creators: name: Lämmer, Stefan
name: Helbing, Dirk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on fluid-dynamic and many-particle (car-following) simulations of traffic flows in (urban) networks, we study the problem of coordinating incompatible traffic flows at intersections. Inspired by the observation of self-organized oscillations of pedestrian flows at bottlenecks [D. Helbing and P. Molnár, Phys. Eev. E 51 (1995) 4282--4286], we propose a self-organization approach to traffic light control. The problem can be treated as multi-agent problem with interactions between vehicles and traffic lights. Specifically, our approach assumes a priority-based control of traffic lights by the vehicle flows themselves, taking into account short-sighted anticipation of vehicle flows and platoons. The considered local interactions lead to emergent coordination patterns such as ``green waves'' and achieve an efficient, decentralized traffic light control. While the proposed self-control adapts flexibly to local flow conditions and often leads to non-cyclical switching patterns with changing service sequences of different traffic flows, an almost periodic service may evolve under certain conditions and suggests the existence of a spontaneous synchronization of traffic lights despite the varying delays due to variable vehicle queues and travel times. The self-organized traffic light control is based on an optimization and a stabilization rule, each of which performs poorly at high utilizations of the road network, while their proper combination reaches a superior performance. The result is a considerable reduction not only in the average travel times, but also of their variation. Similar control approaches could be applied to the coordination of logistic and production processes.
The impact of the Sakata model
Creators: name: Okun, L. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the Sakata model is described on the basis of personal recollections, proceedings of international conferences on high energy physics and some journal articles.
description: 17 pages. To be published in the Proceedings of the International Symposium PNLambda50 `The Jubilee of the Sakata Models'. November 25-26, 2006, Nagoya University, Japan
On the faint end of the high redshift AGN luminosity function
Creators: name: Shankar, Francesco
name: Mathur, Smita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the results of recent optical surveys we conclude that the {\it non}-detection of quasars down to faint magnitudes implies a significant flattening of the high redshift (z~6) optical active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity function for M_{1450}>-24.7. We find that all the data are consistent with a faint-end slope for the optical AGN luminosity function of β=-2.2 and β=-2.8, at the 90% and 99% confidence level respectively, flatter than the bright-end slope of β'~ -3.2. We also show that X-ray deep surveys have probed even fainter magnitudes than the optical ones yielding more significant constraints on the shallow faint-end slope of the optical luminosity function. The inclusion of Type II AGN candidates, detected in the Chandra deep fields, hints towards an higher normalization for the total AGN luminosity function, if these sources lie at 5
description: 19 pages, 5 figures, revised version for ApJ
Predicting Defective Lines Using a Model-Agnostic Technique
Creators: name: Wattanakriengkrai, Supatsara
name: Thongtanunam, Patanamon
name: Tantithamthavorn, Chakkrit
name: Hata, Hideaki
name: Matsumoto, Kenichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Defect prediction models are proposed to help a team prioritize source code areas files that need Software QualityAssurance (SQA) based on the likelihood of having defects. However, developers may waste their unnecessary effort on the whole filewhile only a small fraction of its source code lines are defective. Indeed, we find that as little as 1%-3% of lines of a file are defective. Hence, in this work, we propose a novel framework (called LINE-DP) to identify defective lines using a model-agnostic technique, i.e., an Explainable AI technique that provides information why the model makes such a prediction. Broadly speaking, our LINE-DP first builds a file-level defect model using code token features. Then, our LINE-DP uses a state-of-the-art model-agnostic technique (i.e.,LIME) to identify risky tokens, i.e., code tokens that lead the file-level defect model to predict that the file will be defective. Then, the lines that contain risky tokens are predicted as defective lines. Through a case study of 32 releases of nine Java open source systems, our evaluation results show that our LINE-DP achieves an average recall of 0.61, a false alarm rate of 0.47, a top 20%LOC recall of0.27, and an initial false alarm of 16, which are statistically better than six baseline approaches. Our evaluation shows that our LINE-DP requires an average computation time of 10 seconds including model construction and defective line identification time. In addition, we find that 63% of defective lines that can be identified by our LINE-DP are related to common defects (e.g., argument change, condition change). These results suggest that our LINE-DP can effectively identify defective lines that contain common defectswhile requiring a smaller amount of inspection effort and a manageable computation cost.
A two-zone blazar radiation model for "orphan" neutrino flares
Creators: name: Xue, Rui
name: Liu, Ruo-Yu
name: Wang, Ze-Rui
name: Ding, Nan
name: Wang, Xiang-Yu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the 2014-2015 neutrino flare associated with the blazar TXS 0506+056 and a recently discovered muon neutrino event IceCube-200107A in spatial coincidence with the blazar 4FGL J0955.1+3551, under the framework of a two-zone radiation model of blazars where an inner/outer blob close to/far from the supermassive black hole are invoked. An interesting feature that the two sources share in common is that no evidence of GeV gamma-ray activity is found during the neutrino detection period, probably implying a large opacity for GeV gamma rays in the neutrino production region. In our model, continuous particle acceleration/injection takes place in the inner blob at the jet base, where the hot X-ray corona of the supermassive black hole provides target photon fields for efficient neutrino production and strong GeV gamma-ray absorption. We show that this model can self-consistently interpret the neutrino emission from both two blazars in a large parameter space. In the meantime, the dissipation processes in outer blob are responsible for the simultaneous multi-wavelength emission of both sources. In agreement with previous studies of TXS 0506+056 and, an intense MeV emission from the induced electromagnetic cascade in the inner blob is robustly expected to accompany the neutrino flare in our model could be used to test the model with the next-generation MeV gamma-ray detector in the future.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, accepted in ApJ
A Variational Level Set Approach for Surface Area Minimization of Triply Periodic Surfaces
Creators: name: Jung, Youngjean
name: Chu, Kevin T.
name: Torquato, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 49Q10

description: In this paper, we study triply periodic surfaces with minimal surface area under a constraint in the volume fraction of the regions (phases) that the surface separates. Using a variational level set method formulation, we present a theoretical characterization of and a numerical algorithm for computing these surfaces. We use our theoretical and computational formulation to study the optimality of the Schwartz P, Schwartz D, and Schoen G surfaces when the volume fractions of the two phases are equal and explore the properties of optimal structures when the volume fractions of the two phases not equal. Due to the computational cost of the fully, three-dimensional shape optimization problem, we implement our numerical simulations using a parallel level set method software package.
description: 28 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables
DeepTriage: Automated Transfer Assistance for Incidents in Cloud Services
Creators: name: Pham, Phuong
name: Jain, Vivek
name: Dauterman, Lukas
name: Ormont, Justin
name: Jain, Navendu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As cloud services are growing and generating high revenues, the cost of downtime in these services is becoming significantly expensive. To reduce loss and service downtime, a critical primary step is to execute incident triage, the process of assigning a service incident to the correct responsible team, in a timely manner. An incorrect assignment risks additional incident reroutings and increases its time to mitigate by 10x. However, automated incident triage in large cloud services faces many challenges: (1) a highly imbalanced incident distribution from a large number of teams, (2) wide variety in formats of input data or data sources, (3) scaling to meet production-grade requirements, and (4) gaining engineers' trust in using machine learning recommendations. To address these challenges, we introduce DeepTriage, an intelligent incident transfer service combining multiple machine learning techniques - gradient boosted classifiers, clustering methods, and deep neural networks - in an ensemble to recommend the responsible team to triage an incident. Experimental results on real incidents in Microsoft Azure show that our service achieves 82.9% F1 score. For highly impacted incidents, DeepTriage achieves F1 score from 76.3% - 91.3%. We have applied best practices and state-of-the-art frameworks to scale DeepTriage to handle incident routing for all cloud services. DeepTriage has been deployed in Azure since October 2017 and is used by thousands of teams daily.
Constraining low scale dark hypercharge symmetry at spallation, reactor and Dark Matter direct detection experiments
Creators: name: Majumdar, Anirban
name: Papoulias, Dimitrios K.
name: Prajapati, Hemant
name: Srivastava, Rahul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus (CE$ν$NS) and elastic neutrino-electron scattering (E$ν$ES) data are exploited to constrain ``chiral'' $U(1)_{X}$ gauged models with light vector mediator mass. These models fall under a distinct class of new symmetries called dark hypercharge symmetries. A key feature is the fact that the $Z'$ boson can couple to all Standard Model fermions at tree level, with the $U(1)_X$ charges determined by the requirement of anomaly cancellation. Notably, the charges of leptons and quarks can differ significantly depending on the specific anomaly cancellation solution. As a result, different models exhibit distinct phenomenological signatures and can be constrained through various experiments. In this work, we analyze the recent data from the COHERENT experiment, along with results from dark matter (DM) direct detection experiments such as XENONnT, LUX-ZEPLIN, and PandaX-4T, and place new constraints on three benchmark models. Additionally, we set constraints from a performed analysis of TEXONO data and discuss the prospects of improvement in view of the next-generation DM direct detection DARWIN experiment.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures, 3 tables, V2: references added, matches with the published version in PRD
Towards Long-term Fairness in Recommendation
Creators: name: Ge, Yingqiang
name: Liu, Shuchang
name: Gao, Ruoyuan
name: Xian, Yikun
name: Li, Yunqi
name: Zhao, Xiangyu
name: Pei, Changhua
name: Sun, Fei
name: Ge, Junfeng
name: Ou, Wenwu
name: Zhang, Yongfeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: As Recommender Systems (RS) influence more and more people in their daily life, the issue of fairness in recommendation is becoming more and more important. Most of the prior approaches to fairness-aware recommendation have been situated in a static or one-shot setting, where the protected groups of items are fixed, and the model provides a one-time fairness solution based on fairness-constrained optimization. This fails to consider the dynamic nature of the recommender systems, where attributes such as item popularity may change over time due to the recommendation policy and user engagement. For example, products that were once popular may become no longer popular, and vice versa. As a result, the system that aims to maintain long-term fairness on the item exposure in different popularity groups must accommodate this change in a timely fashion. Novel to this work, we explore the problem of long-term fairness in recommendation and accomplish the problem through dynamic fairness learning. We focus on the fairness of exposure of items in different groups, while the division of the groups is based on item popularity, which dynamically changes over time in the recommendation process. We tackle this problem by proposing a fairness-constrained reinforcement learning algorithm for recommendation, which models the recommendation problem as a Constrained Markov Decision Process (CMDP), so that the model can dynamically adjust its recommendation policy to make sure the fairness requirement is always satisfied when the environment changes. Experiments on several real-world datasets verify our framework's superiority in terms of recommendation performance, short-term fairness, and long-term fairness.
title: Schooling dynamics of Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) in the Norwegian Sea using multibeam sonar
Creators: name: Diaz, Justine E.
name: Nøttestad, Leif
name: Pena, Hector
name: Huse, Geir
name: Fernö, Anders
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session N
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Pressures, impacts, conservation, and management

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Pelagic fish in the Norwegian Sea perform seasonal migrations from overwintering, via spawning, to feeding grounds. Northeast Atlantic mackerel (Scomber scombrus) are highly migratory, fast-swimming, and an obligate schooling fish. Mackerel schooling dynamics in nature is unknown because they lack a swimbladder, resulting in a weak acoustic signature, and therefore are difficult to detect in the summer when in loose schools. However, high frequency omnidirectional SONAR is capable of detecting mackerel in the acoustic echosounder blind zone close to the surface. Mackerel schooling dynamics were studied in relation to temperature, zooplankton abundance and density of conspecifics in four geographically separate regions of the Norwegian Sea during summer. The thermocline depth had a profound influence on the depth distribution of schools. Mackerel were found shallower than 40 m depth where the temperature was at least 6° C. The fish generally swam north except for in the SW region, coinciding well with prevailing current directions. Fish were significantly larger in the north than in the south, and plankton abundance was higher in the west than in the east. The observed school dynamics in relation to abiotic and biotic factors were explained in terms of mackerel ecology during the summer feeding migration.
Impact of Power Supply Noise on Image Sensor Performance in Automotive Applications
Creators: name: Gilroy, Shane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Hardware Architecture (cs.AR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision Systems are quickly becoming a large component of Active Automotive Safety Systems. In order to be effective in critical safety applications these systems must produce high quality images in both daytime and night-time scenarios in order to provide the large informational content required for software analysis in applications such as lane departure, pedestrian detection and collision detection. The challenge in capturing high quality images in low light scenarios is that the signal to noise ratio is greatly reduced, which can result in noise becoming the dominant factor in a captured image, thereby making these safety systems less effective at night. Research has been undertaken to develop a systematic method of characterising image sensor performance in response to electrical noise in order to improve the design and performance of automotive cameras in low light scenarios. The root cause of image row noise has been established and a mathematical algorithm for determining the magnitude of row noise in an image has been devised. An automated characterisation method has been developed to allow performance characterisation in response to a large frequency spectrum of electrical noise on the image sensor power supply. Various strategies of improving image sensor performance for low light applications have also been proposed from the research outcomes.
Glauber Modeling in High Energy Nuclear Collisions
Creators: name: Miller, Michael L.
name: Reygers, Klaus
name: Sanders, Stephen J.
name: Steinberg, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a review of the theoretical background, experimental techniques, and phenomenology of what is called the "Glauber Model" in relativistic heavy ion physics. This model is used to calculate "geometric" quantities, which are typically expressed as impact parameter (b), number of participating nucleons (N_part) and number of binary nucleon-nucleon collisions (N_coll). A brief history of the original Glauber model is presented, with emphasis on its development into the purely classical, geometric picture that is used for present-day data analyses. Distinctions are made between the "optical limit" and Monte Carlo approaches, which are often used interchangably but have some essential differences in particular contexts. The methods used by the four RHIC experiments are compared and contrasted, although the end results are reassuringly similar for the various geometric observables. Finally, several important RHIC measurements are highlighted that rely on geometric quantities, estimated from Glauber calculations, to draw insight from experimental observables. The status and future of Glauber modeling in the next generation of heavy ion physics studies is briefly discussed.
description: 43 pages, 26 figures, submitted to Annual Review of Nuclear and Particle Science
Simplicity of C*-algebras associated to higher-rank graphs
Creators: name: Robertson, David I.
name: Sims, Aidan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46L05

description: We prove that if Λis a row-finite k-graph with no sources, then the associated C^*-algebra is simple if and only if Λis cofinal and satisfies Kumjian and Pask's Condition (A). We prove that Condition (A) is equivalent to a suitably modified version of Robertson and Steger's original nonperiodicity condition (H3) which in particular involves only finite paths. We also characterise both cofinality and aperiodicity of Λin terms of ideals in C^*(Λ).
description: 9 pages, 1 figure. Numbering of environments and enumeration style changed to match published version. Author contact details updated
Surface-plasmon based dispersive detection and spectroscopy of ultracold atoms
Creators: name: Mildner, Matthias
name: Zimmermann, Claus
name: Slama, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper reports on the optical detection and spectroscopy of ultracold atoms near a gold surface. A probe light field is used to excite surface plasmon polaritons. The refractive index of the atomic gas shifts the plasmon resonance and changes the reflected light power. Thus, the sensitivity of the detection is plasmonically enhanced. Absorption of photons from the evanescent wave is avoided by detuning the laser from atomic resonance which makes the detection scheme potentially nondestructive. The spectrum of the signal is determined by a Fano resonance. We show that atoms can be detected nondestructively with single atom resolution for typical parameters in cold atom experiments. Thus, the method is suitable for quantum nondemolition measurements of matter wave amplitudes. Experimentally, we measure a technically-limited sensitivity of 30 atoms and extend the detection scheme to dispersively image the atom cloud near the surface.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures