cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Proof Outlines as Proof Certificates: A System Description
Creators: name: Blanco, Roberto
name: Miller, Dale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We apply the foundational proof certificate (FPC) framework to the problem of designing high-level outlines of proofs. The FPC framework provides a means to formally define and check a wide range of proof evidence. A focused proof system is central to this framework and such a proof system provides an interesting approach to proof reconstruction during the process of proof checking (relying on an underlying logic programming implementation). Here, we illustrate how the FPC framework can be used to design proof outlines and then to exploit proof checkers as a means for expanding outlines into fully detailed proofs. In order to validate this approach to proof outlines, we have built the ACheck system that allows us to take a sequence of theorems and apply the proof outline "do the obvious induction and close the proof using previously proved lemmas".
description: In Proceedings WoF'15, arXiv:1511.02529
The "Natasha" networks: sex trafficking in post-cold war Europe
Creators: name: Pyclik, Jennifer M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: This study explores why sex trafficking occurs in Europe; the nature of trafficking networks; and the efforts Germany, Poland, and Ukraine have made to stop trafficking within their borders. A supply chain model is used to explain how organized crime groups structure their networks, how the groups operate through the networks, and the success and profitability of trafficking. The geographic complexity of the networks contributes to the difficulties states have in disrupting the flow of women. Although many factors explain the ease of "recruitment" of women in Eastern Europe, trafficking remains a demand-driven market due to the desire of West European men for sexual services. In order for states to decrease trafficking, they must actively work to end the demand for prostitution. This can be accomplished by adopting an abolitionist law regarding prostitution, while also strengthening anti-trafficking legislation.
Natural scene statistics mediate the perception of image complexity
Creators: name: Gauvrit, Nicolas
name: Soler-Toscano, Fernando
name: Zenil, Hector
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Humans are sensitive to complexity and regularity in patterns. The subjective perception of pattern complexity is correlated to algorithmic (Kolmogorov-Chaitin) complexity as defined in computer science, but also to the frequency of naturally occurring patterns. However, the possible mediational role of natural frequencies in the perception of algorithmic complexity remains unclear. Here we reanalyze Hsu et al. (2010) through a mediational analysis, and complement their results in a new experiment. We conclude that human perception of complexity seems partly shaped by natural scenes statistics, thereby establishing a link between the perception of complexity and the effect of natural scene statistics.
Realisability semantics of abstract focussing, formalised
Creators: name: Graham-Lengrand, Stéphane
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a sequent calculus for abstract focussing, equipped with proof-terms: in the tradition of Zeilberger's work, logical connectives and their introduction rules are left as a parameter of the system, which collapses the synchronous and asynchronous phases of focussing as macro rules. We go further by leaving as a parameter the operation that extends a context of hypotheses with new ones, which allows us to capture both classical and intuitionistic focussed sequent calculi. We then define the realisability semantics of (the proofs of) the system, on the basis of Munch-Maccagnoni's orthogonality models for the classical focussed sequent calculus, but now operating at the higher level of abstraction mentioned above. We prove, at that level, the Adequacy Lemma, namely that if a term is of type A, then in the model its denotation is in the (set-theoretic) interpretation of A. This exhibits the fact that the universal quantification involved when taking the orthogonal of a set, reflects in the semantics Zeilberger's universal quantification in the macro rule for the asynchronous phase. The system and its semantics are all formalised in Coq.
description: In Proceedings WoF'15, arXiv:1511.02529
Multiplicative-Additive Focusing for Parsing as Deduction
Creators: name: Morrill, Glyn
name: Valentín, Oriol
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Spurious ambiguity is the phenomenon whereby distinct derivations in grammar may assign the same structural reading, resulting in redundancy in the parse search space and inefficiency in parsing. Understanding the problem depends on identifying the essential mathematical structure of derivations. This is trivial in the case of context free grammar, where the parse structures are ordered trees; in the case of categorial grammar, the parse structures are proof nets. However, with respect to multiplicatives intrinsic proof nets have not yet been given for displacement calculus, and proof nets for additives, which have applications to polymorphism, are involved. Here we approach multiplicative-additive spurious ambiguity by means of the proof-theoretic technique of focalisation.
description: In Proceedings WoF'15, arXiv:1511.02529
Quality of life after stroke rehabilitation discharge: a 12-month longitudinal study
Creators: name: Schindel, Daniel
name: Schneider, Alice
name: Grittner, Ulrike
name: Jöbges, Michael
name: Schenk, Liane
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: stroke
subject: patient-reported outcome measures
subject: proxy
subject: quality of life
subject: social networks
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: PURPOSE To analyse trends in quality of life (QoL) development among older stroke patients within the first year after rehabilitation discharge, and to investigate the impact of including proxy interviews in research and practice. METHODS A prospective cohort study with follow-up at 3, 6, and 12 months with 411 patients and proxy respondents was conducted. The EUROHIS-QOL 8-item index was used to assess QoL. By performing descriptive analyses, QoL development over time was compared among subgroups. Linear mixed models were calculated to estimate mean changes from baseline to 12-month follow-up. The effects of patient characteristics and time on QoL were investigated using comprehensive mixed models. RESULTS One year after rehabilitation discharge, the majority of patients had neither maintained nor regained their initial QoL. Proxy respondents reported significantly lower QoL (22.6-29.5 points, p < 0.001). Characteristics associated with lower QoL were stroke severity, depression, and pain. Having a small social network was negatively associated with QoL (-1.66 points, 95%CI: -2.84/-0.48, p = 0.006). CONCLUSIONS Quality of life scores reported at the time of rehabilitation discharge are often not lasting. Including severely impaired patients via proxies reduces the risk of overestimating QoL outcomes. Outpatient's characteristics should be taken into account when planning therapy strategies to maintain previously achieved health goals. Regular re-assessments are required.Implications for rehabilitationThere should be an awareness that improvements in quality of life (QoL) achieved during rehabilitation are not sustainable.Regularly re-assessing pain status, psychological burden, and social network size could help clinicians to determine treatment strategies for maintaining and improving rehabilitation achievements.Conducting proxy interviews is required to assess disease burden of patients with severe stroke (e.g., non-linguistic patients).
The effect of exercise interventions on inflammatory markers in Major Depressive Disorder
Creators: name: Martin, Jason
name: Grunberg, Diana
name: Cryan, John
name: OHalloran, Ken
name: Kelleher, Eric
name: Dinan, Timothy
name: Clarke, Gerard
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences
subject: Depression
subject: Exercise
subject: inflammatory biomarkers
subject: inflammatory cytokines
subject: major depressive disorder
subject: MDD

description: The effect of exercise interventions on inflammatory markers in Major Depressive Disorder: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis
Fabula angelica, l’ombelico del sacro. Caccia, volo, ferimento, estasi e caduta tra Balzac e Apuleio: Séraphîta e Metamorfosi, V, 22-25
Creators: name: Stella, Massimo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animality
Angel
Beast
Eros
Sex
Spirituality
Shamanism
Psyche
Balzac
Apuleius

description: This essay addresses the question of the relationship between angelic-demonic nature and animality, as represented in two texts, namely the fable of Cupid and Psyche from Apuleius’ Metamorphoses and Honoré de Balzac’s Séraphîta, taken as milestones in the immemorial history of human-animal interaction which underlies the evolution of culture and religion.
Hexagonal RMnO$_3$: a model system for 2D triangular lattice antiferromagnets
Creators: name: Sim, Hasung
name: Oh, Joosung
name: Jeong, Jaehong
name: Le, Manh Duc
name: Park, Je-Geun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hexagonal RMnO$_3$ (h-RMnO$_3$) are multiferroic materials, which exhibit the coexistence of a magnetic order and ferroelectricity. Their distinction is in their geometry that both results in an unusual mechanism to break inversion symmetry, and also produces a 2D triangular lattice of Mn spins, which is subject to geometrical magnetic frustration due to the antiferromagnetic interactions between nearest neighbour Mn ions. This unique combination makes the h-RMnO$_3$ a model system to test ideas of spin-lattice coupling, particularly when the both the improper ferroelectricity and the Mn trimerisation that appears to determine the symmetry of the magnetic structure arise from the same structure distortion. In this review, we demonstrate how the use of both neutron and X-ray diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering techniques have been essential to paint this comprehensive and coherent picture of the h-RMnO$_3$.
description: 46 pages, 14 figures, submitted to Acta Crystallographica B as a feature article
Gyretes hintoni Balfour-Browne 1946
Creators: name: Colpani, Daniara
name: Benetti, Cesar João
name: Hamada, Neusa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Gyrinidae
Gyretes
Gyretes hintoni

description: Gyretes hintoni Balfour-Browne, 1946
Gyretes hintoni Balfour-Browne, 1946: 172, f. 1a (orig. descr., illustr.); Ochs 1965b: 39 (record) DISTRIBUTION: Brazil (RO).
description: Published as part of Colpani, Daniara, Benetti, Cesar João & Hamada, Neusa, 2014, A Checklist of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) of Brazil, pp. 185-213 in Zootaxa 3889 (2) on page 197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/230123
Circulating Long Non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) as a Diagnostic Biomarker for Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Creators: name: Permana, Putu
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nucleic Acids, Nucleotides, and Nucleosides
subject: Chemicals and Drugs
subject: Respiratory Tract Diseases
subject: Diseases
subject: Diagnosis
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment
subject: Bacterial Infections and Mycoses
subject: Diagnosis
subject: lncRNA
subject: Meta Analysis
subject: Systematic Review
subject: Tuberculosis

description: Systematic Review and Meta Analysis
Attenuation of the unsteady loading on a high-rise building using active control
Creators: name: Hu, Xiao
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: The present work numerically investigates the 3D ﬂow structures around a canonical high-rise building immersed in an atmospheric boundary layer at diﬀerent oncoming wind angles, using wall-resolved large eddy simulations. The switching between two vortex shedding modes is explored, and the influence of the atmospheric boundary layer on suppressing symmetric vortex shedding is identified. It is shown that the antisymmetric vortex shedding mode is prevalent in the near wake behind the building, with strong coherence between the periodic fluctuations of the building side force and the antisymmetric vortex shedding mode demonstrated. Exploiting this idea, active flow control strategies are designed to alleviate the aerodynamic side-force fluctuations. Two feedback control strategies are then developed to attenuate the building’s unsteady loading when the oncoming flow is normal to the wider side of the building, using pressure sensing on just a single building wall. The sensor response to synthetic jet actuation along the two ‘leading edges’ of the building is characterised using system identification. Both the designed linear controller and the least mean square adaptive controller attenuate successfully the side-force fluctuations when implemented in simulations. The linear controller exhibits better performance, and its effect on the flow field is to delay the formation of dominant vortices and increase the extent of the recirculation region. Motivated by the eﬀect of the downwash ﬂow on the near wake of the building, an open-loop active control in the form of a synthetic jet located on the top surface is then considered. The aim is again to suppress side force fluctuations, this time exploring whether the simpler control setup can be effective across a wide range of oncoming wind angles. The behaviour of the synthetic jet and its eﬀect on the building’s unsteady side force, time-averaged ﬂow fields and unsteady ﬂow structures are investigated numerically. The synthetic jet actuation is found to reduce the side-force ﬂuctuation of the building, enhance the downwash ﬂow and successfully attenuate the antisymmetric vortex shedding. Finally, the possibility of using a robust feedback control strategy mitigating the unsteady loading of a high-rise building exposed to differing oncoming wind directions is explored. A reference linear open-loop transfer function is identified, and the differences between the reference open-loop system and open-loop transfer functions for different oncoming wind angles are assessed by v-gap. An H loop-shaping feedback controller is then designed and achieves the attenuation of the building’s side-force fluctuations for differing oncoming wind angles. This work can provide a theoretical basis for the practical application of novel active control approaches to attenuating the side-force ﬂuctuation of the high-rise building exposed to differing oncoming wind directions.
Gyretes hoffmanni Ochs 1934
Creators: name: Colpani, Daniara
name: Benetti, Cesar João
name: Hamada, Neusa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Gyrinidae
Gyretes
Gyretes hoffmanni

description: Gyretes hoffmanni Ochs, 1934
Gyretes hoffmanni Ochs, 1934: 147, f.9 (orig. descr., illustr.); 1948: 567 (checklist); 1951: 75 (descr.); 1966: 453, 460 (descr.); Blackwelder 1944: 82 (checklist)
DISTRIBUTION: Brazil (SC, SP).
description: Published as part of Colpani, Daniara, Benetti, Cesar João & Hamada, Neusa, 2014, A Checklist of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) of Brazil, pp. 185-213 in Zootaxa 3889 (2) on page 197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/230123
The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: First Direct Measurements of the >10 keV X-Ray Luminosity Function for Active Galactic Nuclei at z>0.1
Creators: name: Aird, J.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Civano, F.
name: Del-Moro, A.
name: Hickox, R. C.
name: Lansbury, G. B.
name: Mullaney, J. R.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Luo, B.
name: Stern, D.
name: Treister, E.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Assef, R.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Brightman, M.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Forster, K.
name: Balokovic, M.
name: Grefenstette, B. W.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Koss, M.
name: LaMassa, S. M.
name: Madsen, K. K.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Saez, C.
name: Urry, C. M.
name: Wik, D. R.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first direct measurements of the rest-frame 10-40 keV X-ray luminosity function (XLF) of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) based on a sample of 94 sources at 0.1 < z <3, selected at 8-24 keV energies from sources in the NuSTAR extragalactic survey program. Our results are consistent with the strong evolution of the AGN population seen in prior, lower-energy studies of the XLF. However, different models of the intrinsic distribution of absorption, which are used to correct for selection biases, give significantly different predictions for the total number of sources in our sample, leading to small, systematic differences in our binned estimates of the XLF. Adopting a model with a lower intrinsic fraction of Compton-thick sources and a larger population of sources with column densities N_H ~ 10^{23-24} /cm2 or a model with stronger Compton reflection component (with a relative normalization of R ~ 2 at all luminosities) can bring extrapolations of the XLF from 2-10 keV into agreement with our NuSTAR sample. Ultimately, X-ray spectral analysis of the NuSTAR sources is required to break this degeneracy between the distribution of absorbing column densities and the strength of the Compton reflection component and thus refine our measurements of the XLF. Furthermore, the models that successfully describe the high-redshift population seen by NuSTAR tend to over-predict previous, high-energy measurements of the local XLF, indicating that there is evolution of the AGN population that is not fully captured by the current models.
description: 14 pages, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Putti e fiamme aggettivi dell’angelo. O della libertà della forma nella regola del ruolo dell’ornamento, nell’arte fiorentina del Quattrocento
Creators: name: Perfetti, Filippo
Publisher: name: La Rivista di Engramma
Year: 2022
Subjects: Sandro Botticelli
Ornament
Putto
Spiritello
Donatello

description: The contribution traces the parallelism of meaning between the form of the flame and the form of the spiritello in relation to the figure of the angel in 15th-century in Florence. The correspondence of meaning, based on iconological criteria, turns into an investigation of a formal character to see the alternation of the motif of the flame and that of the spiritello in works of art, finding as a point of intersection and departure for the analysis Sandro Botticelli’s illustration for Canto XXX of Dante’s Commedia. Following the path of the introduction of the figure of the spiritello and the use of the flame in the Florentine context of the time, it is defined how their similarity is first and foremost due to their ornamental use. Indeed, it is precisely in the ornament that the permutation of form between flame and putto is possible, and vice versa, in the permanence of their symbolic meaning. The role of every ornament is to be adjective to its object; flame and putto are in this sense adjectives of the angel.
Gender and Compliance
Creators: name: Süer, Müge
name: Balleyer, Anna
name: Cerutti, Nicola
name: Friedrichsen, Jana
name: Seres, Gyula
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Behavioral Economics
subject: Economics
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: compliance
subject: gender

description: Using two online experiments, we want to investigate the gender differences in public recommendation compliance behavior and whether the expectations regarding compliance behavior are already gendered, independent of the context.
Ecological systems contributors to depression and anxiety symptoms in a national sample of adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic
Creators: name: Thorpe, Daneele
name: Mirhashem, Rebecca
name: Shen, Jenny
name: Roulston, Chantelle
name: Fox, Kathryn
name: Schleider, Jessica
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: This secondary, exploratory analysis will use baseline (pre-intervention) data collected from a previous study, Project COPE (https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04634903). This study will examine the association between microsystem, mesosystem, and exosystem factors and adolescents' (13-16) depressive and anxiety symptoms. This project is guided by Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory of child development and the Dimensional Model of Adversity and Psychopathology (DMAP) frameworks which support the need to look at various dimensions of neighborhood level factors on youth’s development and well-being. In addition to using self report symptoms of exposure to adversity, peer victimization, and mental health symptoms, we will also access publicly available information on incidents of violent crime, and resources using the Child Opportunity Index.
Food production and energy: how will high gas prices affect the North Carolina food supply?
Creators: name: Cho, Kyung Bok
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2006

description: The modern food production industry depends heavily on fossil fuels at all steps of the process to make food cheap, abundant and available. But prices for oil, natural gas and coal have been edging upward for the past few years. The continuous increase in energy prices has raised production costs across the industry, and businesses have begun to pass on the costs to the consumer. Some experts say that the food industry's reliance on cheap fossil fuels could eventually cripple the system. This series of articles examines the effect of higher energy prices on farming, processing, distribution, restaurants, retail and the purchasing decisions of consumers. It finds that individual farmers are the hardest hit so far and that it may be too early to say with certainly what will happen to the average consumer. Meanwhile, efforts are being made to lessen the reliance on fossil fuels by developing alternative energy sources
Belief in school meritocracy and self-esteem (DISESTEEM): correlational replication
Creators: name: Sicard, Alyson
name: Darnon, Céline
name: Martinot, Delphine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: In this document, we preregister the statistical analysis that will be conducted on correlational data to test, on a different sample, the previously registered hypotheses regarding the influence of belief in school meritocracy on the strength of the relationship between academic performance, self-esteem and psychological disengagement (see experimental study’s registration). These analyses are an attempt to replicate the effects obtained in the experimental study with a new sample of students.
Optimization of anemia treatment in hemodialysis patients via reinforcement learning
Creators: name: Escandell-Montero, Pablo
name: Chermisi, Milena
name: Martínez-Martínez, José M.
name: Gómez-Sanchis, Juan
name: Barbieri, Carlo
name: Soria-Olivas, Emilio
name: Mari, Flavio
name: Vila-Francés, Joan
name: Stopper, Andrea
name: Gatti, Emanuele
name: Martín-Guerrero, José D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Objective: Anemia is a frequent comorbidity in hemodialysis patients that can be successfully treated by administering erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs). ESAs dosing is currently based on clinical protocols that often do not account for the high inter- and intra-individual variability in the patient's response. As a result, the hemoglobin level of some patients oscillates around the target range, which is associated with multiple risks and side-effects. This work proposes a methodology based on reinforcement learning (RL) to optimize ESA therapy. Methods: RL is a data-driven approach for solving sequential decision-making problems that are formulated as Markov decision processes (MDPs). Computing optimal drug administration strategies for chronic diseases is a sequential decision-making problem in which the goal is to find the best sequence of drug doses. MDPs are particularly suitable for modeling these problems due to their ability to capture the uncertainty associated with the outcome of the treatment and the stochastic nature of the underlying process. The RL algorithm employed in the proposed methodology is fitted Q iteration, which stands out for its ability to make an efficient use of data. Results: The experiments reported here are based on a computational model that describes the effect of ESAs on the hemoglobin level. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated and compared with the well-known Q-learning algorithm and with a standard protocol. Simulation results show that the performance of Q-learning is substantially lower than FQI and the protocol. Conclusion: Although prospective validation is required, promising results demonstrate the potential of RL to become an alternative to current protocols.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures
Categorical bias in aging
Creators: name: Zhou, Cherie
name: Markaki, Maria
name: Mathot, Sebastiaan
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cognitive Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: categorization; visual working memory; categorical representation

description: This study investigates whether the extent to which visual working memory contents are represented categorically changes with age.
השפעת איום האגו על האשמת קורבן בקרב גברים ונשים
Creators: name: Bonar, Shaked
name: Shimshi, Stav
name: maya, asheri
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: #victimblame #threatenego

description: במסגרת קורס פסיכולוגיה ניסויית בתואר ראשון בפסיכולוגיה באוניברסיטת תל אביב אנו עורכות ניסוי לבדוק האם יש השפעה של איום על האגו על האשמת קורבן בקרב נשים וגברים. זוהי ההרשמה המוקדמת שלנו במסגרת המחקר בקורס. במחקרים קודמים נמצא כי סיבה אפשרית להאשמת הקורבן היא טעות הייחוס הבסיסית. בחרנו להמשיך לחקור את האשמת הקורבן מתוך עניין רב בגורמים לתופעה שנצפית רבות בימינו. לאחר קריאת מאמרים וספרות בנושא, גילינו כי לתופעה 2 תיאוריות עיקריות המסבירות אותה: השערת העולם הצודק ו"Defensive Attribution Hypothesis", לפיה מידת האשמה שנייחס לקורבן/תוקף תלויה בדמיון שלו/ה אלינו. לצד אלו, ישנם מספר גורמים שנמצאו כקשורים למידת האשמת הקורבן, ביניהם מגדר, ציות לתפקידים מגדריים, שכרות הקורבן ומידת האמונה במיתוסים על אונס. אנו מעוניינות לחקור אודות גורם נוסף שעלול להשפיע על האשמת הקורבן, והוא איום על האגו. נבדוק האם איום על האגו משפיע על האשמת הקורבן בקרב נשים לגברים. החלוקה לגברים ונשים היא קריטית: גברים נוטים להאשים קורבן יותר מנשים. בנוסף, בהקשרי איום על האגו נמצא כי הם בעלי הערכה עצמית גבוהה מנשים, ובעלי נטייה גבוהה יותר לאלימות.
The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Overview and Catalog from the COSMOS Field
Creators: name: Civano, F.
name: Hickox, R. C.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Mullaney, J. R.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: LaMassa, S. M.
name: Aird, J.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Del-Moro, A.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Forster, K.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Grefenstette, B. W.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Lansbury, G. B.
name: Luo, B.
name: Madsen, K.
name: Saez, C.
name: Stern, D.
name: Treister, E.
name: Urry, M. C.
name: Wik, D. R.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To provide the census of the sources contributing to the X-ray background peak above 10 keV, NuSTAR is performing extragalactic surveys using a three-tier "wedding cake" approach. We present the NuSTAR survey of the COSMOS field, the medium sensitivity and medium area tier, covering 1.7 deg2 and overlapping with both Chandra and XMM-Newton data. This survey consists of 121 observations for a total exposure of ~3 Ms. To fully exploit these data, we developed a new detection strategy, carefully tested through extensive simulations. The survey sensitivity at 20% completeness is 5.9, 2.9 and 6.4 x 10^-14 erg/cm2/s in the 3-24 keV, 3-8 keV and 8-24 keV bands, respectively. By combining detections in 3 bands, we have a sample of 91 NuSTAR sources with 10^42 -10^45.5 erg/s luminosities and redshift z=0.04-2.5. Thirty two sources are detected in the 8-24 keV band with fluxes ~100 times fainter than sources detected by Swift-BAT. Of the 91 detections, all but four are associated with a Chandra and/or XMM-Newton point-like counterpart. One source is associated with an extended lower energy X-ray source. We present the X-ray (hardness ratio and luminosity) and optical-to-X-ray properties. The observed fraction of candidate Compton-thick AGN measured from the hardness ratio is between 13-20%. We discuss the spectral properties of NuSTAR J100259+0220.6 (ID 330) at z=0.044, with the highest hardness ratio in the entire sample. The measured column density exceeds 10^24 /cm2, implying the source is Compton-thick. This source was not previously recognized as such without the >10 keV data.
description: 20 pages, published in the Astrophysical Journal
Dust processing in elliptical galaxies
Creators: name: Hirashita, Hiroyuki
name: Nozawa, Takaya
name: Villaume, Alexa
name: Srinivasan, Sundar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconsider the origin and processing of dust in elliptical galaxies. We theoretically formulate the evolution of grain size distribution, taking into account dust supply from asymptotic giant branch (AGB) stars and dust destruction by sputtering in the hot interstellar medium (ISM), whose temperature evolution is treated by including two cooling paths: gas emission and dust emission (i.e. gas cooling and dust cooling). With our new full treatment of grain size distribution, we confirm that dust destruction by sputtering is too efficient to explain the observed dust abundance even if AGB stars continue to supply dust grains, and that, except for the case where the initial dust-to-gas ratio in the hot gas is as high as $\sim 0.01$, dust cooling is negligible compared with gas cooling. However, we show that, contrary to previous expectations, cooling does not help to protect the dust; rather, the sputtering efficiency is raised by the gas compression as a result of cooling. We additionally consider grain growth after the gas cools down. Dust growth by the accretion of gas-phase metals in the cold medium increase the dust-to-gas ratio up to $\sim 10^{-3}$ if this process lasts >10/(n_H/10^3 cm^{-3}) Myr, where $n_\mathrm{H}$ is the number density of hydrogen nuclei. We show that the accretion of gas-phase metals is a viable mechanism of increasing the dust abundance in elliptical galaxies to a level consistent with observations, and that the steepness of observed extinction curves is better explained with grain growth by accretion.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A human-factors approach to capture medical device safety, performance and usability
Creators: name: Tase, Arkeliana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2022

description: Advances in medical technology including computer aided and robotic surgery, digital health and increased use of portable devices have improved patient care in both hospital and home environments. These advancements have brought an increased level of complexity in patient care with new challenges to both patients and clinicians. The available performance data on medical devices (MD) is scarce and of variable quality despite work from regulatory bodies, with multiple associated challenges and lack of effective systems in place for its collection. This research used human factor methods to address i) the current state of safety and performance data availability for MDs and ii) methods of capturing safety and usability data in hospital and home environments by using human factor methods. Part A of this thesis concentrated on hospital based devices whilst Part B addressed home use MDs. End user experiences were utilised throughout to gain an understanding of the current system including its challenges and reasons leading to lack of data. Patients, clinicians, manufacturers, human factor specialists and MHRA were involved at all stages of this research. The studies led to the developments of the pathway map to reporting and information transfer in operating theatres and furthermore the development and initial evaluation of the MD-PRS concept (Medical Device Performance Reporting System) as a single dedicated method of reporting all MD malfunctions/ failures. The My-VID usability tool (My Voice in Design) was developed and evaluated as a method for collecting usability data directly from patients on home use MDs. In conclusion, this thesis used human factor methods to better understand the current system of data collection, available data sources on MDs and challenges faced prior to developing methods for improvement, based on end user experiences . Finally, methods of applying this research to clinical practice were addressed in the final chapter.
The NuSTAR Extragalactic Surveys: Initial Results and Catalog from the Extended Chandra Deep Field South
Creators: name: Mullaney, J. R.
name: Del-Moro, A.
name: Aird, J.
name: Alexander, D. M.
name: Civano, F. M.
name: Hickox, R. C.
name: Lansbury, G. B.
name: Ajello, M.
name: Assef, R.
name: Ballantyne, D. R.
name: Balokovic, M.
name: Bauer, F. E.
name: Brandt, W. N.
name: Boggs, S. E.
name: Brightman, M.
name: Christensen, F. E.
name: Comastri, A.
name: Craig, W. W.
name: Elvis, M.
name: Forster, K.
name: Gandhi, P.
name: Grefenstette, B. W.
name: Hailey, C. J.
name: Harrison, F. A.
name: Koss, M.
name: LaMassa, S. M.
name: Luo, B.
name: Madsen, K. K.
name: Puccetti, S.
name: Saez, C.
name: Stern, D.
name: Treister, E.
name: Urry, C. M.
name: Wik, D. R.
name: Zappacosta, L.
name: Zhang, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present initial results and the source catalog from the NuSTAR survey of the Extended Chandra Deep Field South (hereafter, ECDFS) - currently the deepest contiguous component of the NuSTAR extragalactic survey program. The survey covers the full ~30 arcmin x 30 arcmin area of this field to a maximum depth of ~360 ks (~220 ks when corrected for vignetting at 3-24 keV), reaching sensitivity limits of ~1.3 x 10^-14 erg/cm2/s (3-8 keV), ~3.4 x 10^-14 erg/cm2/s (8-24 keV) and ~3.0 x 10^-14 erg/cm2/s (3-24 keV). Fifty four (54) sources are detected over the full field, although five of these are found to lie below our significance threshold once contaminating flux from neighboring (i.e., blended) sources is taken into account. Of the remaining 49 that are significant, 19 are detected in the 8-24 keV band. The 8-24 keV to 3-8 keV band ratios of the twelve sources that are detected in both bands span the range 0.39-1.7, corresponding to a photon index range of Gamma ~ 0.5-2.3, with a median photon index of 1.70 +/- 0.52. The redshifts of the 49 sources in our main sample span the range z = 0.21-2.7, and their rest-frame 10-40 keV luminosities (derived from the observed 8-24 keV fluxes) span the range L(10-40 keV) ~ (0.7-300) x 10^43 erg/s, sampling below the "knee" of the X-ray luminosity function out to z ~ 0.8-1. Finally, we identify one NuSTAR source that has neither a Chandra nor an XMM-Newton counterpart, but that shows evidence of nuclear activity at infrared wavelengths, and thus may represent a genuine, new X-ray source detected by NuSTAR in the ECDFS.
description: 20 pages, published in the Astrophysical Journal
Gyretes hoffmanni subsp. aemulus Ochs 1934
Creators: name: Colpani, Daniara
name: Benetti, Cesar João
name: Hamada, Neusa
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Gyrinidae
Gyretes
Gyretes hoffmanni
Gyretes hoffmanni aemulus ochs, 1934

description: Gyretes hoffmanni aemulus Ochs, 1934
Gyretes hoffmanni f. aemulus Ochs, 1934: 148 (orig. descr.); 1948: 567 (checklist) Gyretes hoffmanni f. aemula Ochs: Blackwelder 1944: 82 (checklist, aponym) Gyretes hoffmanni aemulus Ochs: Ochs 1966: 460 (n. comb.) DISTRIBUTION: Brazil (SC).
description: Published as part of Colpani, Daniara, Benetti, Cesar João & Hamada, Neusa, 2014, A Checklist of the Gyrinidae (Coleoptera: Adephaga) of Brazil, pp. 185-213 in Zootaxa 3889 (2) on page 197, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3889.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/230123
A Bigger Part of Our Life is Connected to Food: Older Adult Food Memories and Food Realities
Creators: name: Davidson, Sandra Katharine
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: Folklore

description: The symbolic importance of food--its power to connect us to others in our community, past and present--is important to older adults. This thesis examines the symbolic importance of food to four diverse older adults in Chapel Hill, North Carolina. Powerful notions of personal biography and identity are crafted through their stories about food memories, stories about making food, and stories about food and their community of peers. Food connects them to formative childhood memories and experiences. Food enables them to perform significant familial roles at this stage in their life. Food functions as a symbol of how one chooses to age and perceives one's peers in the aging process. These seniors have complex food philosophies deeply shaped by childhood memories, gender, race, ethnicity, and an awareness of their life stage, and reveal that the symbolic significance of food becomes an expression of how a person experiences aging.
ManyPrimates
Creators: name: Bohn, Manuel
name: Schmitt, Vanessa
name: Sanchez-Amaro, Alejandro
name: Keupp, Stefanie
name: Hopper, Lydia
name: Völter, Christoph
name: Altschul, Drew
name: Fischer, Julia
name: Fichtel, Claudia
name: Beran, Michael
name: Kano, Fumihiro
name: Call, Josep
name: Watzek, Julia
name: Joly, Marine
name: Hernandez-Aguilar, R.
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Animal Studies
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: Collaboration project connecting primate researchers all over the world
Trading in Notions of Native: Tourist Art and Authenticity at Cameron Trading Post
Creators: name: Moen, Kelsey
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: Cameron Trading Post, on the Navajo reservation in Arizona, is a major tourist destination that draws thousands of visitors monthly. Comprised of a restaurant, Fine Art Gallery, gift shop, and hotel, Cameron sells viewers the chance to experience Southwest Native American culture by advertising an “authentic experience.” Through the lens of visual culture theories, this paper examines the role notions of authenticity play at Cameron, the specific objects being sold, especially the kachina and the narratives of authenticity that are used to sell them, and the economic-historical contexts surrounding the objects and their creators. Scholars working in the field of material culture have challenged the perception that tourist art is a benign, dismissible genre.  Cameron’s tourist art provides a case study to consider the dynamic and impactful role tourist art can have in the political and social power dynamics of encounters with Native American culture.
Narrow-line single-molecule transducer between electronic circuits and surface plasmons
Creators: name: Chong, Michael C.
name: Reecht, Gaël
name: Bulou, Hervé
name: Boeglin, Alex
name: Scheurer, Fabrice
name: Mathevet, Fabrice
name: Schull, Guillame
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A molecular wire containing an emitting molecular center is controllably suspended between the plasmonic electrodes of a cryogenic scanning tunneling microscope. Passing current through this circuit generates an ultra narrow-line emission at an energy of ? 1.5 eV which is assigned to the fluorescence of the molecular center. Control over the linewidth is obtained by progressively detaching the emitting unit from the surface. The recorded spectra also reveal several vibronic peaks of low intensities that can be viewed as a fingerprint of the emitter. Surface-plasmon localized at the tip-sample interface are shown to play a major role on both excitation and emission of the molecular excitons.
The coupon collector's problem, the cover time problem, and the first passage time problem
Creators: name: Maziya, Mafukazi Gcina
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: This thesis investigates a generalisation of the coupon collector’s problem, and its implications for cover times of random walks. The generalisation allows one to adjust the rate at which coupons are drawn, and therefore dynamically slow down or speed up coupon collection. The motivation for studying a dynamic coupon collector is to probe the robustness of coupon collecting statistics. An old result of Erdős and Rényi established that the coupon collection time of the original model follows Gumbel statistics with a mean collection time scaling as N ln N , for N coupons. By solving our generalised model exactly, we show that the Gumbel distribution is but one of a family of distributions, following the statistics of sums of weighted exponentials, and that the mean collection time is, generally, a power-law in N with an adjustable exponent. Building on the work of Aldous and Belius, we transfer the results of our generalised coupon collector to transient random walks on regular lattices. The cover times, closely analogous to coupon collection times, essentially follow the same statistics, as confirmed by simulations. Curiously, we identify one anomalous result for an accelerated cover time in three dimensions, with possible connections to random matrix theory. We also closely investigate one-dimensional cover, since it can be treated analytically in detail via the diffusion equation. Thus we consider covering a one-dimensional interval with Poissonian resetting. We derive the position at which cover completes, and describe the effect of resetting. Finally, we make initial steps towards a field-theory of cover processes. Ultimately, these powerful methods will, we hope, provide additional insight into cover processes that are either dynamically adjusted or reset.
LCODE: a parallel quasistatic code for computationally heavy problems of plasma wakefield acceleration
Creators: name: Sosedkin, Alexander
name: Lotov, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: LCODE is a freely-distributed quasistatic 2D3V code for simulating plasma wakefield acceleration, mainly specialized at resource-efficient studies of long-term propagation of ultrarelativistic particle beams in plasmas. The beam is modeled with fully relativistic macro-particles in a simulation window copropagating with the light velocity; the plasma can be simulated with either kinetic or fluid model. Several techniques are used to obtain exceptional numerical stability and precision while maintaining high resource efficiency, enabling LCODE to simulate the evolution of long particle beams over long propagation distances even on a laptop. A recent upgrade enabled LCODE to perform the calculations in parallel. A pipeline of several LCODE processes communicating via MPI (Message-Passing Interface) is capable of executing multiple consecutive time steps of the simulation in a single pass. This approach can speed up the calculations by hundreds of times.
title: Gain and Pain of a Reliable Delay Model
Creators: name: Maier, Jürgen
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2021
Subjects: glitch propagation
pulse degradation
faithful digital timing simulation
metastability analysis

description: Date of Conference: 1-3 Sept. 2021
description: In this paper we evaluate a promising delay estimation method, the Involution Delay Model. We apply it to three simple circuits (a combinatorial loop, an SR latch and an adder), interpret the delivered results and determine realistic overhead estimations. Comparisons to analog SPICE simulations reveal ﬁne-grained behavioral coverage, whereat the commonly used digital inertial delay model shows severe shortcomings. Overall, the Involution Delay Model is able to identify a wide range of malicious behavior and is thus a viable upgrade to available delay models in modern digital timing simulation tools.
Self-testing in parallel
Creators: name: McKague, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Self-testing allows us to determine, through classical interaction only, whether some players in a non-local game share particular quantum states. Most work on self-testing has concentrated on developing tests for small states like one pair of maximally entangled qubits, or on tests where there is a separate player for each qubit, as in a graph state. Here we consider the case of testing many maximally entangled pairs of qubits shared between two players. Previously such a test was shown where testing is sequential, i.e., one pair is tested at a time. Here we consider the parallel case where all pairs are tested simultaneously, giving considerably more power to dishonest players. We derive sufficient conditions for a self-test for many maximally entangled pairs of qubits shared between two players and also two constructions for self-tests where all pairs are tested simultaneously.
description: 22 pages