cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Метод контрольного моделирования для проверки передаточной функции сложноструктурированной системы
title: Method of Control Modeling for Testing Transfer Function of a Highly Structured System
Creators: name: Музылева, Инна Васильевна
name: Языкова, Любовь Николаевна
name: Мещеряков, Виктор Николаевич
Publisher: name: Издательский центр СурГУ
Year: 2022

description: Объектом исследования являются аналитические и топологические методы расчета сложноструктурированных схем с перекрестными связями. Цель работы – обоснование метода контрольного моделирования для оценки правильности передаточной функции сложноструктурированной системы. В основе исследования лежит раздел неметрической математики, в которой заложен топологический подход к изучению сложноструктурированных систем. Исследована система, состоящая из десяти звеньев, охваченных многочисленными перекрестными связями. Смоделирована функциональная схема, состоящая из двух ветвей: исходной структуры системы и найденной по правилу Мейсона передаточной функции. На обе ветви модели подана единичная функция в качестве входного сигнала. Критерием правильности нахождения передаточной функции системы является тождественность графиков выходных сигналов двух ветвей модели. Предлагаемый метод позволяет повысить степень достоверности исследования сложноструктурированных систем.
description: The object of the study is analytical and topological methods of calculation of highly structured schemes with cross-couplings. The aim of the study is to substantiate the method of control modeling for assessment of correctness of transfer function of a highly structured system. The study is based on the branch of nonmetric mathematics that is focused on the topological approach to studying highly structured systems. A system of ten components covered with cross-couplings is analyzed. A functional scheme of two branches, the initial structure of a system and transfer function found with the Mason’s rule, is simulated. A unit function is applied to both branches as an input signal. Correct finding of a transfer function is performed by using such criterion as equality of output signals graphs of a model’s two branches. The method proposed increases the level of validity of studying highly structured systems.
The Potential of Visual, Creative Social Media Apps in the Higher Education Student Recrutiment Process
Creators: name: Tie, Andrew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: Universities and colleges--Communication systems
College students--Recruiting
Generation Z
Interactive multimedia

description: Higher education institutions (HEIs) have increasingly used social  media in an effort to strengthen recruitment practices and communication with prospective students. Whereas in the last decade, Facebook was considered the best social media site to communicate  with prospective students, that does not appear to be the case  anymore. Different apps, belonging to a category called creative outlet  apps that are based on photos or videos, now appear to be more  popular with prospective students. One such app, YouTube, is highly popular with prospective students in Generation Z, and it is already  part of most HEIs’ social media strategies. This study sought to understand how HEIs  use YouTube for recruitment purposes through the lens of featured videos and featured playlists. A content audit  gathered data from YouTube channels from 86 HEIs across the United States. A descriptive analysis of the statistics helped inform the  production of a white paper for higher education admissions or social  media employees looking to start  a YouTube channel for their unit or institution. The study found that  HEIs are largely using YouTube to post  videos but not to interact with commenters. Two-way communication should be prioritized to fully maximize YouTube’s capabilities  of  connecting with prospective students.
Responsible Blockchain: STEADI Principles and the Actor-Network Theory-based Development Methodology (ANT-RDM)
Creators: name: Li, Yibai
name: Gomaa, Ahmed
name: Li, Xiaobing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Multiagent Systems (cs.MA)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: K.6
subject: 93A16

description: This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and controversies associated with blockchain technology. It identifies technical challenges such as scalability, security, privacy, and interoperability, as well as business and adoption challenges, and the social, economic, ethical, and environmental controversies present in current blockchain systems. We argue that responsible blockchain development is key to overcoming these challenges and achieving mass adoption. This paper defines Responsible Blockchain and introduces the STEADI principles (sustainable, transparent, ethical, adaptive, decentralized, and inclusive) for responsible blockchain development. Additionally, it presents the Actor-Network Theory-based Responsible Development Methodology (ANT-RDM) for blockchains, which includes the steps of problematization, interessement, enrollment, and mobilization.
description: 19 pages, 1 figure, journal publication
(500875) Helen Cronkhite
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500877) Doris Salier
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Translating Food Supply Chain Theory to Action: A North Carolina-Based Feasibility Study of a Short, Local, and Circular System
Creators: name: Dodson, Anna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Without robust food supply chains (FSCs), people become increasingly susceptible to food insecurity and nutritional deficits.(1) Subsequently, inadequate food access and quality contribute to a variety of poor health outcomes.(2–10) North Carolina readily exemplifies the consequences of FSC misalignment. In 2020, North Carolina ranked 10th in the nation for both agricultural production and food insecurity.(11,12)  Although the food insecurity-waste paradox is a complex issue, addressing food supply chain (FSC) failures may more equitably and sustainably reconnect food production and consumption. Particularly promising subcategories of alternative food supply chains (AFSCs) include short FSCs (SFSCs), local FSCs (LFSCs), and circular FSCs (CFSCs).(13)

Methods: Between May 20th, 2022 and June 12th, 2022, I conducted an exploratory feasibility study of a short and local food supply chain among North Carolina farmers aged 18 and older who grow at least one crop that does not require processing for human consumption. Participants completed a 21-item electronic survey intended to capture their experiences selling their produce in North Carolina, with an emphasis on seasonal excess and grade B produce.  I recruited participants by email, listservs, electronic newsletters, and QR codes distributed through community-based organizations. AFSC modeling literature and publicly available North Carolina market data informed my survey questions.(14–21)

Results: Respondents were 46.7% women, 46.7% men, and 6.7% reported that both men and women operated their farm. Respondent ages ranged from 27 to 83 years old, and 80% of participants were white. Farmers owned or leased land in 12 of NC’s 100 counties. The majority of farmers qualified as “small farming operations.”(23) Farmer respondents grow over 54 different crops, with the most common across respondents being bell peppers, zucchini, kale, and tomatoes. Summer and spring were the seasons during which farmers faced the most seasonal excess. Seasonal excess among farmers was driven by disconnects between farmers and consumers. Inadequate storage and insufficient demand at local markets/grocery stores were the most frequently reported barriers or challenges reported by farmers. Seasonal excess and grade B product by percent volume varied greatly across different produce types. 

Conclusions: A clear market opportunity for an AFSC to purchase unsold seasonal excess and grade B produce in North Carolina exists. This AFSC could connect North Carolina consumers to a supply of healthy fruits and vegetables already being grown in the state. Understanding farmers’ values and feasible avenues for local AFSCs’ financial stability remain key areas of study that are not yet fully determined.
Birth experiences of women with limited English proficiency before and after the Affordable Care Act: a scoping review and proposal of evidence-informed policy solutions
Creators: name: Greenwood, Morgan Ferone
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background: The Affordable Care and Patient Protection Act (ACA) created a policy framework to strengthen protections for people with limited English proficiency (LEP) against discrimination in health care settings in the United States (US). However, patients with LEP continue to experience barriers to communication. Women with LEP face unique challenges during labor and birth, yet little is known about whether the ACA has meaningfully benefitted women with LEP in this context. 
Objectives: (1) To identify and review what is known about the birth experiences of women with LEP in the US. (2) To determine whether implementation of the ACA promoted more positive birth experiences for women with LEP than was true before implementation. (3) To determine whether the findings of objectives (1) and (2) jointly suggest further policy interventions to address the remaining barriers to a positive birth experience for women with LEP. 
Methods: I conducted a scoping review of the literature using four databases to identify studies that reported the birth experiences of women with LEP in the US. I coded the extracted results to identify commonalities among the findings. I created an analysis to contrast the key findings of studies of birth experiences before and after the implementation of the ACA. 
Results: Twenty-four studies met criteria for inclusion, capturing the birth experiences of women who were primary speakers of more than seven languages and from fourteen countries of origin. Analysis revealed four domains: Communication Barriers, Unfamiliar Contexts, Relationships and Support, and Fundamental Birth Experiences. Only two studies described birth experiences after implementation of the ACA, and findings did not differ before and after implementation. 
Conclusions: Policy interventions should target one or more domains of birth experience in order to improve the quality of care for women with LEP in the US.
(500874) Cecil [Patterson]
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Predictors of Disengagement among First-Break Psychosis Patients: A Quality Improvement Project
Creators: name: Underwood, Matthew
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: For patients with psychotic disorders, early intervention is critical in order to reduce long-term burden of disease. Specialized early intervention (SEI) services, interdisciplinary programs designed to treat patients after their first episode of psychosis (FEP), improve clinical and functional outcomes in comparison to treatment as usual.  However, poor patient retention limits the ability of these services to benefit this vulnerable population, with ~12%-53% of patients disengaging from care in such programs.  The objectives of this project are to assess what variables predict disengagement among FEP patients from SEI programs in North Carolina, and to develop a risk prediction calculator that clinicians can use to estimate a patient’s likelihood of disengagement from care.
Methods: I performed a retrospective review of information in the EPI-NC database, a quality improvement database containing information collected at four coordinated specialty care (CSC) programs in North Carolina that offer SEI services to FEP patients.  I used chi-square and ANOVA to assess for effects of individual variables on the risk of disengagement among 576 patients treated between 2006-2022 who have been discharged.  I then used multivariate logistic regression to develop a risk prediction model to calculate risk of disengagement.
Results: A total of 53% of patients in the EPI-NC database had a non-collaborative discharge, whereas 47% had a collaborative discharge.  In the final predictive model, the variables that raised likelihood of disengagement were cannabis use, arrest, black ancestry, male sex, older age at admission, no college degree, and lower rating of staff’s cultural sensitivity.  This model had acceptable fit and discriminative ability, with a P-value of < 0.01 and C-statistic of 0.72.  
Discussion: Through multivariate logistic regression modeling, I was able to construct a predictive model for risk of disengagement among FEP patients at SEI clinics.  This model indicates several key variables that contribute to risk of disengagement.  A large amount of missing data in the database resulted in reduced statistical power and a risk of bias.  This model needs to be tested and refined in a clinical setting before being implemented.
Pulsating instability and self-acceleration of fast turbulent flames
Creators: name: Poludnenko, A. Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) A series of three-dimensional numerical simulations is used to study the intrinsic stability of high-speed turbulent flames. Calculations model the interaction of a fully-resolved premixed flame with a highly subsonic, statistically steady, homogeneous, isotropic turbulence. We consider a wide range of turbulent intensities and system sizes, corresponding to the Damköhler numbers Da = 0.1-6.0. These calculations show that turbulent flames in the regimes considered are intrinsically unstable. In particular, we find three effects. 1) Turbulent flame speed develops pulsations with the observed peak-to-peak amplitude > 10 and a characteristic time scale close to a large-scale eddy turnover time. Such variability is caused by the interplay between turbulence, which continuously creates the flame surface, and highly intermittent flame collisions, which consume the flame surface. 2) Unstable burning results in the periodic pressure build-up and the formation of pressure waves or shocks, when the flame speed approaches or exceeds the speed of a Chapman-Jouguet deflagration. 3) Coupling of pressure gradients formed during pulsations with density gradients across the flame leads to the anisotropic amplification of turbulence inside the flame volume and flame acceleration. Such process, which is driven by the baroclinic term in the vorticity transport equation, is a reacting-flow analog of the mechanism underlying the Richtmyer-Meshkov instability. With the increase in turbulent intensity, the limit-cycle instability discussed here transitions to the regime described in our previous work, in which the growth of the flame speed becomes unbounded and produces a detonation.
description: 21 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to Physics of Fluids (in press)
A group theoretical version of Hilbert's theorem 90
Creators: name: Quadrelli, Claudio
name: Weigel, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: It is shown that for a normal subgroup $N$ of a group $G$, $G/N$ cyclic, the kernel of the map $N^{\mathrm{ab}}\to G^{\mathrm{ab}}$ satisfies the classical Hilbert 90 property (cf. Thm. A). As a consequence, if $G$ is finitely generated, $|G:N|
Administering a Food Frequency Questionnaire to Evaluate Pregnant Women’s Selenium Intake in Accra, Ghana: A Feasibility Study
Creators: name: Amy Amuquandoh
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: General Aim: The main aim of this study is to determine the feasibility of collecting dietary selenium (Se) consumption via administration of a dietary recall survey, specifically a food frequency questionnaire (FFQ), to pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of Korle Bu Teaching Hospital (KBTH) in Accra, Ghana.

Methods: A team of research assistants administered context-specific FFQs to pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of KBTH in Accra, Ghana. We observed and analyzed questions of feasibility related to dietary assessment, evaluation of resources, data management and coding. We are to use FFQ data analyze the burden of Se deficiency in this population using Se concentrations for each food determined by USDA FoodData Central database and selected Ghanaian foods run through inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).  

Results: We administered FFQs to 104 English-speaking pregnant women ≥ age 18 at the antenatal clinic of KBTH over a 3 day period. Of these, 100 patients were eligible for inclusion in the analysis. The average time to administer each FFQ was 11 minutes. It was most feasible to administer the surveys in the antenatal clinic waiting room prior to their visit with the clinician. The average total Se intake in this population of pregnant women was 90.4 μg/day ±50.0 μg, suggesting an above average intake of Se.

Discussion: Administration of the FFQ to pregnant women attending the antenatal clinic of KBTH was feasible: the clinic had the resources and capacity to carry out this study. The above average Se intake calculated in this study should be taken as an approximation. To appropriately estimate total dietary Se intake, it is necessary to complete FFQ validation with 24-hour recall surveys or a duplicate portion technique and Se-focused foods for intake questions.
(500876) Norah Helen Butler
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Local structure of semicrystalline P3HT films probed by nanofocused coherent x-rays
Creators: name: Kurta, Ruslan P.
name: Grodd, Linda
name: Mikayelyan, Eduard
name: Gorobtsov, Oleg Y.
name: Zaluzhnyy, Ivan A.
name: Fratoddi, Ilaria
name: Venditti, Iole
name: Russo, Maria Vittoria
name: Sprung, Michael
name: Vartanyants, Ivan A.
name: Grigorian, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an x-ray study of structural properties of semicrystalline polymer films using nanofocused x-ray beam. We applied the x-ray cross-correlation analysis (XCCA) to scattering data from blends of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) embedded with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). Spatially resolved maps of orientational distribution of crystalline domains allow us to distinguish sample regions of predominant face-on morphology,with a continuous transition to edge-on morphology. The average size of crystalline domains was determined to be of the order of 10 nm. As compared to pristine P3HT film, the P3HT/AuNPs blend is characterized by substantial ordering of crystalline domains, which can be induced by Au nanoparticles. The inhomogeneous structure of the polymer film is clearly visualized on the spatially resolved nanoscale 2D maps obtained using XCCA. Our results suggest that the observed changes of the polymer matrix within crystalline regions can be attributed to nanoconfinement in the presence of gold nanoparticles.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, 53 references
Analysis of State-Level Legislation Expanding or Improving Reproductive Health Care for Incarcerated People in the United States
Creators: name: Moss, Arielle
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Prison and jail systems in the United States are ill-equipped to provide basic reproductive health care for incarcerated people, and ongoing legislative efforts have attempted to address these concerns with varying success on state and federal levels. Because there is no standardization or mandatory oversight of the provision of reproductive health care within carceral settings, the type of care, policies, and procedures on limiting shackling during pregnancy, providing access to abortion, contraception, and menstrual hygiene products, and other essential reproductive health care varies widely from facility to facility and state to state. This paper identified legislation that expands or improves access to reproductive health care for incarcerated people in each state and developed a set of 26 criteria based on the clinical recommendations from the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) and the National Commission on Correctional Health Care (NCCHC). The 26 criteria were divided into three subgroups: reproductive health care, prenatal and postnatal care, and limits on shackling during pregnancy and postpartum. A master table of legislation in each state was created so that each law could be systematically evaluated against the 26 criteria to come up with a score out of 26. Analyzing each state’s law revealed clear legislative gaps in how each state provides reproductive and prenatal health care for incarcerated people, particularly regarding access to gynecological care, abortion and contraception, and breastfeeding support. Understanding where the legislation in each state currently stands and identifying existing gaps in reproductive health care for incarcerated people are important in informing future legislation to expand access to reproductive health care and ultimately improve maternal and fetal outcomes in carceral settings.
Social determinants associated with retention in buprenorphine treatment for opioid use disorder in US adults: A systematic review
Creators: name: Scott, Alyssa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Background: Opioid use disorder (OUD) is a growing health crisis in the United States (US), and medications for OUD have been shown to be effective in improving outcomes and reducing mortality. However, there is little understanding of how social determinants play a role in retention in treatment. Objective: To assess the association between a variety of social determinants and outpatient buprenorphine treatment retention among US adults. Methods: A systematic review with literature obtained from MEDLINE and Embase were included in this analysis. Inclusion criteria were adults >18 treated for OUD in the outpatient settings in the US. Studies had to include a measure of at least one social determinant, as well as measure the outcome of retention treatment. Only observational studies published in 2000 or later with full text published in English were included.  We used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for risk of bias assessments and the GRADE framework for strength of evidence assessments. We report a narrative synthesis, with no pooling of results, because of significant heterogeneity among exposure and outcome measures. Results: A total of 17 articles were included in this analysis. There was moderate strength of evidence that living in a rural area, identifying as Black or Hispanic, and having co-occurring substance use was associated with decreased duration of treatment retention. Strength of evidence was low for the remaining social determinant exposures. Discussion: Although previous literature has found that those living in rural areas have less access to treatment initiation, our findings suggest that those living in rural areas are at lower risk of treatment discontinuation, compared to those living in urban areas, after treatment initiation. Additionally, our findings reinforce the evidence suggesting those who are Black or Hispanic, and those with co-occurring substance use, may also benefit from interventions to improve retention in treatment for opioid use disorder. Limitations: Heterogeneity among exposures and outcomes between studies limited the ability to directly compare study results. Additionally, there were gaps in the literature, preventing assessment of factors such as food insecurity or socioeconomic status.
SHAPE-IT: Exploring Text-to-Shape-Display for Generative Shape-Changing Behaviors with LLMs
Creators: name: Qian, Wanli
name: Gao, Chenfeng
name: Sathya, Anup
name: Suzuki, Ryo
name: Nakagaki, Ken
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: H.5.2

description: This paper introduces text-to-shape-display, a novel approach to generating dynamic shape changes in pin-based shape displays through natural language commands. By leveraging large language models (LLMs) and AI-chaining, our approach allows users to author shape-changing behaviors on demand through text prompts without programming. We describe the foundational aspects necessary for such a system, including the identification of key generative elements (primitive, animation, and interaction) and design requirements to enhance user interaction, based on formative exploration and iterative design processes. Based on these insights, we develop SHAPE-IT, an LLM-based authoring tool for a 24 x 24 shape display, which translates the user's textual command into executable code and allows for quick exploration through a web-based control interface. We evaluate the effectiveness of SHAPE-IT in two ways: 1) performance evaluation and 2) user evaluation (N= 10). The study conclusions highlight the ability to facilitate rapid ideation of a wide range of shape-changing behaviors with AI. However, the findings also expose accuracy-related challenges and limitations, prompting further exploration into refining the framework for leveraging AI to better suit the unique requirements of shape-changing systems.
description: Accepted for ACM UIST 2024
(500869) Ella Susan Gibson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(500871) Ella Mary Patterson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Wie ist die aktuelle Datenlage zur Behandlung von COVID-19 mit Remdesivir?
Creators: name: COVRIIN
Publisher: name: Robert Koch-Institut
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Dieses Dokument umfasst Beobachtungen der u.g. Autoren im Umgang mit COVID-19 Erkrankten. Die Autoren möchten Ihre persönlichen Erkenntnisse daraus denjenigen Klinikern und Klinikerinnen zur Verfügung stellen, die bislang weniger Erfahrung im Umgang mit COVID-19 Erkrankten haben. Den im Folgenden dargestellten Beobachtungen und Erkenntnissen fehlt es bislang an hinreichender Evidenz. Sie sind nur für den Erfahrungsaustausch gedacht. Umfassende Hinweise zu Erkennung, Diagnostik und Therapie von Patienten mit COVID-19 erstellt von STAKOB, DGPI, DGI und DGP finden Sie auf der Internetseite des RKI unter www.rki.de/covid-19-therapie.
Stabilization of photon-number states via single-photon corrections: a first convergence analysis under an ideal set-up
Creators: name: Silveira, Hector Bessa
name: da Silva, Paulo Sergio Pereira
name: Rouchon, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a first mathematical convergence analysis of a Fock states feedback stabilization scheme via single-photon corrections. This measurement-based feedback has been developed and experimentally tested in 2012 by the cavity quantum electrodynamics group of Serge Haroche and Jean-Michel Raimond. Here, we consider the infinite-dimensional Markov model corresponding to the ideal set-up where detection errors and feedback delays have been disregarded. In this ideal context, we show that any goal Fock state can be stabilized by a Lyapunov-based feedback for any initial quantum state belonging to the dense subset of finite rank density operators with support in a finite photon-number sub-space. Closed-loop simulations illustrate the performance of the feedback law.
description: 2 figures, extended version of the IEEE CDC2015 conference paper
The Relationship Between Clinical Pharmacy and Adequate Medication Reconciliation and Acute Rejection Treatment for Renal Transplant Patients
Creators: name: Richey, Lauren
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The purpose of this systematic review is to determine how clinical transplant pharmacists affect changes in medication reconciliation and changes in rejection. A database search was done using PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Review, and clinicaltrials.gov, and the final number of papers in the review included 4 studies. Eligible studies included adult kidney transplant recipients in the US, Canada, Brazil, or Australia and were published in English. The intervention was any pharmacist-led intervention, and the outcomes of interest were number of medication reconciliations completed and number of acute rejections. Included studies show that clinical transplant pharmacist interventions contributed to more medication reconciliations, with fewer medication errors occurring. Also, there were fewer acute rejections when patients received pharmaceutical care. All data was statistically significant (p <0.05) except the data provided for one of the acute rejection studies, which had a p-value of 0.213. However, the results from this review were inconclusive given the validity of the studies included in the review and the high level of bias in each study. There is potential for pharmacist-led interventions to positively impact medication reconciliation and acute rejection in kidney transplant patients and this review emphasizes the need for future research on this topic.
title: Engineering of Bioactive Papers: Site-specific, Covalent Immobilization of Peptides and Proteins
Creators: name: Liebich, Valentina Jutta
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2023

description: Bioactive papers are of growing interest regarding point-of-care testing devices that do not require extensive analytical equipment and have with Covid-19 made their way to everyone’s household. The generation of such papers that comprise - in their simplest form - a bioactive protein presented on a cellulosic material, typically relies on four very different immobilization principles, which can be divided into covalent/non-covalent and site-specific/non-site-specific strategies. Covalent, site-specific approaches are of special demand if a uniform, site-directed distribution of the biomolecule throughout the paper substrate is required along with a stable binding. Modular, chemoenzymatic approaches enable the formation of such bonds. To the best of our knowledge, we are the first to investigate chemoenzymatic approaches for functional protein immobilization on cotton linters-based materials aimed at a versatile toolbox of strategies for the efficient and reliable generation of bioactive papers. The synthetic peptide immobilization strategies rely on: 1) highly efficient, spatially controllable phototriggered cycloaddition, 2) near to “green” oxime ligation, 3) fast reductive amination with subsequent amidation, or 4) straightforward esterification with subsequent amidation. All approaches are followed by site-specific sortase A- or microbial transglutaminase-catalyzed transamidation. These four different conjugation strategies for peptide immobilization were evaluated with respect to reproducibility and fiber loading efficiency. The two enzymes employed for protein conjugation were able to recognize the same oligoglycine peptide anchor. Both proved suitable for controlled and site-directed conjugation of substrate proteins at physiological conditions. The method was engineered to allow unidirectional and covalent immobilization of several proteins displaying different functional properties, with ramifications for application in paper-based diagnostics.
Associations between genetic liability for cannabis use with environmental exposures in the ABCD Study
Creators: name: Barzilay, Ran
name: Oh, Hans
name: Karcher, Nicole
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Psychiatry and Psychology
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences

description: The present work aims to further characterize the associations between cannabis-related polygenic risk and environmental risk factors with cannabis use initiation using Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) study data. We will examine both cannabis use and CUD genetic liability to test whether environmental associations with cannabis use vary depending on severity of cannabis PRS in the ABCD Study cohort. We will also examine interactions between cannabis genetic liability with cannabis-related environmental risk factors in associations with initiation of cannabis use.
Testing EGB gravity coupled to bumblebee field and black hole parameter estimation with EHT observations
Creators: name: Afrin, Misba
name: Ghosh, Sushant G.
name: Wang, Anzhong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general covariant Einstein-Gauss-Bonnet Gravity in Four-Dimensional (4D EGB) spacetime is shown to bypass Lovelock's theorem and is free from Ostrogradsky instability. Meanwhile, the bumblebee theory is a vector-tensor theory. It extends the Einstein--Maxwell theory that allows for the spontaneous symmetry breaking that leads to the field acquiring a vacuum expectation value, introducing Lorentz violation into the system. We investigate rotating black holes in the 4D EGB-bumblebee gravity model where Lorentz symmetry is spontaneously broken -- Kerr EGB bumblebee (KEGBB) black holes. The latest observations from the Event Horizon Telescope (EHT) of the supermassive black holes (SMBHs) M87* and Sgr A* have sparked intensified interest in the study of black hole shadows, which present a novel avenue for investigating SMBHs within the strong-field regime. Motivated by this, we model SMBHs M87* and Sgr A* as KEGBB black holes, and using the EHT observation result, for given $l$, to find earlier upper limits on the $α$ and $a$ are altered. The KEGBB and Kerr black holes are indiscernible in some parameter space, and one cannot rule out the possibility that the former may serve as strong candidates for astrophysical black holes. Employing our newly developed parameter estimation technique, we use two EHT observables -- namely, the angular diameter of the shadow, $d_{sh}$, and the axial ratio, $\mathcal{D}_A$ -- to estimate parameters of M87* and Sgr A* taking into account observational errors associated with the EHT results.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures, 2 tables. Matched to the published version
Exploratory appraisability audit of quantitative empirical studies related to implicit bias research and its limitations
Creators: name: Forscher, Patrick S.
name: Zeiler, Kathryn
name: Chin, Jason
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Law and Race
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Civil Rights and Discrimination
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: Judges
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: empirical legal research
subject: implicit bias
subject: legal research
subject: metaresearch

description: We are documenting appraisability-related characteristics of quantitative empirical studies related to implicit bias research and its limitations
Pricing Transparency: Price Variation of Common Outpatient Rhinology Procedures
Creators: name: Abiona, Vincent
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: Introduction: Evidence has shown that economic burden can limit effective health care delivery and its management, and harm patient outcomes. On January 1, 2021, the Center for Medicare & Medicaid Services (CMS) required United States hospitals to release their prices for items and services to better inform patients about what they might pay and increase market competition, ultimately driving down health care service costs and increasing affordability for all patients
Methods: I created a database of hospital-reported charges for commonly performed outpatient rhinology surgery at Otolaryngology residency-affiliated hospitals and conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the results for nasal endoscopy (CPT 31231), maxillary antrostomy (CPT 31267), and nasal septoplasty (CPT 31231).
Results: Of a sample of 121 hospitals, 118 (98%) hospitals disclosed prices, and 55% of hospitals met CMS guidelines for at least one of the three rhinology procedures. Nasal endoscopy, nasal/sinus, maxillary antrostomy, and nasal septoplasty were included in 28%, 14%, and 26% of shopping tools, respectively. Reported charges for nasal endoscopy, maxillary antrostomy, and nasal septoplasty vary widely:  $785 (range, $156-$21,449), $6,723 (range, $0-$57,932), and $6,933 (range, $0-$110,956) respectively.
Conclusion: Rhinology patients have limited ability to shop and compare prices. Disclosure of negotiated third party rates is low overall and possibly not sufficient to promote market competition and decrease procedure prices. An investigation of consumer habits would help determine which cost values are most helpful to patient decision making. Finally, an analysis of price variation over time would help further assess if price transparency is lowering price variation in common outpatient rhinology procedures.
(500872) Margaret Genista K[atherine] Patterson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
What Nutritional Interventions Exist for Indigenous Adults in Canada? A Scoping Review
Creators: name: Amson, Ashley
name: Wicklum, Sonja
name: Frehlich, Levi
name: Zhang, Jessica
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Canada
subject: First Nations
subject: Indigenous
subject: Inuit
subject: Medicine
subject: Metis
subject: Nutrition
subject: Scoping Review

description: The present scoping review aims to identify and review existing nutrition interventions for Indigenous populations in Canada. Using the findings, an accessible landscape of the programs reported on as well identified existing knowledge gaps will be provided. We aimed to answer the following question: What is the scope of published literature on nutritional interventions relating to Indigenous adults in Canada?
Exploring BERT's Capabilities to Detect English Preposition Errors
Creators: name: Dylan Elliott
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022
Subjects: Computational linguistics

description: Preposition errors are some of the most common errors created by L2 speakers. In addition, improving error correction and detection methods remains an open issue in the realm of Natural Language Processing (NLP).  This research investigates whether the bidirectional encoder representations from transformers model (BERT) has the potential to correct preposition errors accurately enough to be useful in error correction software. I used an open-source BERT model and over three hundred thousand edited sentences from Wikipedia, tagged for part of speech, where only a preposition edit had occurred. A method of error detection was devised using multi-level masking to generate suggestions based on sentence context for every prepositional environment in the test data. These suggestions were compared with the original errors in the data and their known corrections to evaluate BERT’s performance. This research finds that BERT performs strongly when the scope of its error correction is limited to preposition choice.
(500873) William Patterson
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
FAST Observations of Four Comets to Search for the Molecular Line Emissions between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz Frequencies
Creators: name: Chen, Long-Fei
name: Tsai, Chao-Wei
name: Li, Jian-Yang
name: Yang, Bin
name: Li, Di
name: Duan, Yan
name: Hsia, Chih-Hao
name: Pan, Zhichen
name: Qian, Lei
name: Quan, Donghui
name: Jiang, Xue-Jian
name: Li, Xiaohu
name: Zhao, Ruining
name: Zuo, Pei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We used the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope (FAST) to search for the molecular emissions in the L-band between 1.0 and 1.5 GHz toward four comets, C/2020 F3 (NEOWISE), C/2020 R4 (ATLAS), C/2021 A1 (Leonard), and 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko during or after their perihelion passages. Thousands of molecular transition lines fall in this low-frequency range, many attributed to complex organic or prebiotic molecules. We conducted a blind search for the possible molecular lines in this frequency range in those comets and could not identify clear signals of molecular emissions in the data. Although several molecules have been detected at high frequencies of great than 100 GHz in comets, our results confirm that it is challenging to detect molecular transitions in the L-band frequency ranges. The non-detection of L-band molecular lines in the cometary environment could rule out the possibility of unusually strong lines, which could be caused by the masers or non-LTE effects. Although the line strengths are predicted to be weak, for FAST, using the ultra-wide bandwidth receiver and improving the radio frequency interference environments would enhance the detectability of those molecular transitions at low frequencies in the future.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, accepted for publication in RAA