cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Scaling ansatz with texture zeros in linear seesaw
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Mainak
name: Devi, H. Zeen
name: Ghosal, Ambar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate scaling ansatz with texture zeros within the framework of linear seesaw mechanism. In this variant of seesaw mechanism a simplified expression of effective neutrino mass matrix $m_ν$ containing two Dirac type matrices ($m_D$ and $m_{DS}$) and one Majorana type matrix ($m_{RS}$) is obtained by virtue of neglecting the global $U(1)_L$ symmetry breaking term in the mass term of the Lagrangian. Along with the charged lepton mass matrix, the matrix $m_{RS}$ too, is chosen in a diagonal basis whereas a scaling relation is incorporated in $m_D$ and $m_{DS}$ with different scale factors. Our goal in this work is to achieve a completely phenomenologically acceptable $m_ν$ generated by combinations of $m_D$ and $m_{DS}$ containing least number of independent parameters or maximum number of zeros. At the end of the numerical analysis it is found that number of zeros in any of the constituent Dirac type matrices ($m_D$ and $m_{DS}$) of $m_ν$ cannot be greater than six in order to meet the phenomenological requirements. The hierarchy obtained here is normal and also the values of the two parameters sum mass ($\sum m_i$) and $|m_{ν_{ee}}|$ are below the present experimental lower limit.
description: 18 pages, 10 tables, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Laser excited super resolution thermal imaging for nondestructive inspection of internal defects
Creators: name: Ahmadi, Samim
name: Lecompagnon, Julien
name: Hirsch, Philipp Daniel
name: Burgholzer, Peter
name: Jung, Peter
name: Caire, Giuseppe
name: Ziegler, Mathias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A photothermal super resolution technique is proposed for an improved inspection of internal defects. To evaluate the potential of the laser-based thermographic technique, an additively manufactured stainless steel specimen with closely spaced internal cavities is used. Four different experimental configurations in transmission, reflection, stepwise and continuous scanning are investigated. The applied image post-processing method is based on compressed sensing and makes use of the block sparsity from multiple measurement events. This concerted approach of experimental measurement strategy and numerical optimization enables the resolution of internal defects and outperforms conventional thermographic inspection techniques.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 162.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 07.07.1994, 06:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Strong decay of the heavy tensor mesons with QCD sum rules
Creators: name: Wang, Zhi-Gang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the article, we calculate the hadronic coupling constants $G_{D_2^*Dπ}$, $G_{D_{s2}^*DK}$, $G_{B_2^*Bπ}$, $G_{B_{s2}^*BK}$ with the three-point QCD sum rules, then study the two body strong decays $D_2^*(2460)\to Dπ$, $D_{s2}^*(2573)\to DK$, $B_2^*(5741)\to Bπ$, $B_{s2}^*(5840)\to BK$, and make predictions to be confronted with the experimental data in the future.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Quadratic nonseparable resource allocation problems with generalized bound constraints
Creators: name: Uiterkamp, Martijn H. H. Schoot
name: Gerards, Marco E. T.
name: Hurink, Johann L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a quadratic nonseparable resource allocation problem that arises in the area of decentralized energy management (DEM), where unbalance in electricity networks has to be minimized. In this problem, the given resource is allocated over a set of activities that is divided into subsets, and a cost is assigned to the overall allocated amount of resources to activities within the same subset. We derive two efficient algorithms with $O(n\log n)$ worst-case time complexity to solve this problem. For the special case where all subsets have the same size, one of these algorithms even runs in linear time given the subset size. Both algorithms are inspired by well-studied breakpoint search methods for separable convex resource allocation problems. Numerical evaluations on both real and synthetic data confirm the theoretical efficiency of both algorithms and demonstrate their suitability for integration in DEM systems.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 250.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 12.10.1994, 09:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Probing chemical freeze-out criteria in relativistic nuclear collisions with coarse grained transport simulations
Creators: name: Reichert, Tom
name: Inghirami, Gabriele
name: Bleicher, Marcus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a novel approach based on elastic and inelastic scattering rates to extract the hyper-surface of the chemical freeze-out from a hadronic transport model in the energy range from E$_\mathrm{lab}=1.23$ AGeV to $\sqrt{s_\mathrm{NN}}=62.4$ GeV. For this study, the Ultra-relativistic Quantum Molecular Dynamics (UrQMD) model combined with a coarse-graining method is employed. The chemical freeze-out distribution is reconstructed from the pions through several decay and re-formation chains involving resonances and taking into account inelastic, pseudo-elastic and string excitation reactions. The extracted average temperature and baryon chemical potential are then compared to statistical model analysis. Finally we investigate various freeze-out criteria suggested in the literature. We confirm within this microscopic dynamical simulation, that the chemical freeze-out at all energies coincides with $\langle E\rangle/\langle N\rangle\approx1$ GeV, while other criteria, like $s/T^3=7$ and $n_\mathrm{B}+n_\mathrm{\bar{B}}\approx0.12$ fm$^{-3}$ are limited to higher collision energies.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
1981 Census: Aggregate Data; Great Britain
Great Britain
Creators: name: General Register Office (Scotland), Census Branch
name: Censuses, Office Of Population
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2020

description: The aggregate data produced as outputs from censuses in Great Britain provide information on a wide range of demographic and socio-economic characteristics. They are predominantly a collection of aggregated or summary counts of the numbers of people or households resident in specific geographical areas possessing particular characteristics.

 Data can be accessed through Casweb.

 Citation: Office of Population Censuses and Surveys ; Registrar General for Scotland (2000): 1981 Census aggregate data (Edition: 2000). UK Data Service. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1981-1
1971 Census: Aggregate Data; Great Britain
Great Britain
Creators: name: General Register Office (Scotland), Census Branch
name: Censuses, Office Of Population
Publisher: name: UK Data Service
Year: 2020

description: The aggregate data produced as outputs from censuses in Great Britain provide information on a wide range of demographic and socio-economic characteristics. They are predominantly a collection of aggregated or summary counts of the numbers of people or households resident in specific geographical areas possessing particular characteristics.

Data can be accessed through Casweb.

Citation: Registrar General for England and Wales; General Register Office Scotland (2002): 1971 Census aggregate data (Edition: 2002). UK Data Service. DOI: https://doi.org/10.5257/census/aggregate-1971-1
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 6.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 13.01.1994, 12:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
An Asymptotic Analysis of Localized 3-D Spot Patterns for Gierer-Meinhardt Model: Existence, Linear Stability and Slow Dynamics
Creators: name: Gomez, Daniel
name: Ward, Michael J.
name: Wei, Juncheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Localized spot patterns, where one or more solution components concentrates at certain points in the domain, are a common class of localized pattern for reaction-diffusion systems, and they arise in a wide range of modeling scenarios. In an arbitrary bounded 3-D domain, the existence, linear stability, and slow dynamics of localized multi-spot patterns is analyzed for the well-known singularly perturbed Gierer-Meinhardt (GM) activator-inhibitor system in the limit of a small activator diffusivity $\varepsilon^2\ll 1$. Our main focus is to classify the different types of multi-spot patterns, and predict their linear stability properties, for different asymptotic ranges of the inhibitor diffusivity $D$. For the range $D={\mathcal O}(\varepsilon^{-1})\gg 1$, although both symmetric and asymmetric quasi-equilibrium spot patterns can be constructed, the asymmetric patterns are shown to be always unstable. On this range of $D$, it is shown that symmetric spot patterns can undergo either competition instabilities or a Hopf bifurcation, leading to spot annihilation or temporal spot amplitude oscillations, respectively. For $D={\mathcal O}(1)$, only symmetric spot quasi-equilibria exist and they are linearly stable on ${\mathcal O}(1)$ time intervals. On this range, it is shown that the spot locations evolve slowly on an ${\mathcal O}(\varepsilon^{-3})$ time scale towards their equilibrium locations according to an ODE gradient flow, which is determined by a discrete energy involving the reduced-wave Green's function. The central role of the far-field behavior of a certain core problem, which characterizes the profile of a localized spot, for the construction of quasi-equilibria in the $D={\mathcal O}(1)$ and $D={\mathcal O}(\varepsilon^{-1})$ regimes, and in establishing some of their linear stability properties, is emphasized.
description: 26 pages, 13 figures
On a reduction for a class of resource allocation problems
Creators: name: Uiterkamp, Martijn H. H. Schoot
name: Gerards, Marco E. T.
name: Hurink, Johann L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the resource allocation problem (RAP), the goal is to divide a given amount of resource over a set of activities while minimizing the cost of this allocation and possibly satisfying constraints on allocations to subsets of the activities. Most solution approaches for the RAP and its extensions allow each activity to have its own cost function. However, in many applications, often the structure of the objective function is the same for each activity and the difference between the cost functions lies in different parameter choices such as, e.g., the multiplicative factors. In this article, we introduce a new class of objective functions that captures the majority of the objectives occurring in studied applications. These objectives are characterized by a shared structure of the cost function depending on two input parameters. We show that, given the two input parameters, there exists a solution to the RAP that is optimal for any choice of the shared structure. As a consequence, this problem reduces to the quadratic RAP, making available the vast amount of solution approaches and algorithms for the latter problem. We show the impact of our reduction result on several applications and, in particular, we improve the best known worst-case complexity bound of two important problems in vessel routing and processor scheduling from $O(n^2)$ to $O(n \log n)$.
On the origin of the narrow peak and the isospin symmetry breaking of the $X$(3872)
Creators: name: Takeuchi, Sachiko
name: Shimizu, Kiyotaka
name: Takizawa, Makoto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $X$(3872) formation and decay processes in the $B$-decay are investigated by a $c\bar c$-two-meson hybrid model. The two-meson state consists of the $D^0{\bar D}^*{}^0$, $D^+D^{*-}$, $J/ψρ$, and $J/ψω$ channels. The energy-dependent decay widths of the $ρ$ and $ω$ mesons are introduced. The $D$-${\bar D}^*$ interaction is taken to be consistent with a lack of the $B{\bar B}^*$ bound state. The coupling between the $D{\bar D}^*$ and $J/ψρ$ or the $D{\bar D}^*$ and $J/ψω$ channels is obtained from a quark model. The $c{\bar c}$-$D{\bar D}^*$ coupling is taken as a parameter to fit the $X$(3872) mass. The spectrum is calculated up to 4 GeV. It is found that very narrow $J/ψρ$ and $J/ψω$ peaks appear around the $D^0{\bar D}^*{}^0$ threshold. The size of the $J/ψπ^3$ peak we calculated is 1.29-2.38 times as large as that of the $J/ψπ^2$. The isospin symmetry breaking in the present model comes from the mass difference of the charged and neutral $D$ and $D^*$ mesons, which gives a sufficiently large isospin mixing to explain the experiments. It is also found that values of the ratios of the transfer strengths can give the information on the $X$(3872) mass or the size of the $c{\bar c}$-$D{\bar D}^*$ coupling.
description: 33 pages, 12 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 236.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 27.09.1994, 08:45, erstellt von Michele Bianda, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Demand Forecast for Sim Cards Replacement in a Mobile Phone Distribution Company from Mexico
Creators: name: Bueno-Pascual, Felix Eduardo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 350909
subject: Supply chains
classificationCode: 350999
subject: Transportation, logistics and supply chains not elsewhere classified

description: This case study was carried out in a small authorized Mexican distribution company of chips for mobile phones, located in Mexico City, and its main objective is to increase forecasting accuracy to fulfil customer orders whilst delivery costs from the supplier to the customers are reduced. Currently, there is a competitive market due to presence of many competitors and to the entrance of new ones, as well as the pandemic environment. The company is facing pressures from its customers, who, as result of the increased demand uncertainty, require shorter delivery times compared with those previous the pandemic situation. To continue in the market, the company needs to increase the efficiency and effectiveness of its inventory, but since its forecasts are based on experience, sometimes they have high peaks in inventory and sometimes out-of-stocks, which negatively impacts profits; moreover, it takes at least three days to receive chips from suppliers and one day to activate and top-up the chips, taking at least four days to deliver to the customers. Hence, to help the company to improve demand forecasts and reduce costs for this company, it was used traditional forecasting methods, such as minimum squares, weighted moving average, Brown, Holt, and Winter (even and odd) to identify which of them best fit and that can be used to forecast next month demands, based on historical data. Mean Absolute Percentage Error, Mean Square Error, and Mean Absolute Deviation were used to identify the best model. As the analysis result, Holt method was the best model to be used for forecasting purposes, with a mean absolute deviation of 0.0103, a mean square error 0f 0.0002, and a mean absolute deviation of 0.001%, helping to the company to plan better, using a mathematical model, and reducing costs while increasing the customer satisfaction. Finally, with this application, it was highlighted the importance of using forecasting models to improve inventory of finished goods.
Observation of nonreciprocal magneto-optical scattering in nonencapsulated few-layered CrI3
Creators: name: Liu, Zhen
name: Guo, Kai
name: Hu, Guangwei
name: Shi, Zhongtai
name: Li, Yue
name: Zhang, Linbo
name: Chen, Haiyan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Zhou, Peiheng
name: Lu, Haipeng
name: Lin, Miao-Ling
name: Liu, Sizhao
name: Cheng, Yingchun
name: Liu, Xue Lu
name: Xie, Jianliang
name: Bi, Lei
name: Tan, Ping-Heng
name: Deng, Longjiang
name: Qiu, Cheng-Wei
name: Peng, Bo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magneto-optical effect refers to a rotation of polarization plane, which has been widely studied in traditional ferromagnetic metal and insulator films and scarcely in two-dimensional layered materials. Here we uncover a new nonreciprocal magneto-inelastic light scattering effect in ferromagnetic few-layer CrI3. We observed a rotation of the polarization plane of inelastic light scattering between -20o and +60o that are tunable by an out-of-plane magnetic field from -2.5 to 2.5 T. It is experimentally observed that the degree of polarization can be magnetically manipulated between -20% and 85%. This work raises a new magneto-optical phenomenon and could create opportunities of applying 2D ferromagnetic materials in Raman lasing, topological photonics, and magneto-optical modulator for information transport and storage.
Baryogenesis from Strong CP Violation and the QCD Axion
Creators: name: Servant, Geraldine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The strong CP-violating parameter is small today as indicated by constraints on the neutron electric dipole moment. In the early universe, the QCD axion has not yet relaxed to its QCD-cancelling minimum and it is natural to wonder whether this large CP violation could be responsible for baryogenesis. We show that strong CP violation from the QCD axion can be responsible for the matter antimatter asymmetry of the universe in the context of cold electroweak (EW) baryogenesis if the EW phase transition is delayed below the GeV scale. This can occur naturally if the Higgs couples to a O(100) GeV dilaton, as expected in some models where the Higgs is a pseudo-Nambu Goldstone boson of a new strongly interacting sector at the TeV scale. The only new relevant ingredients beyond the Standard Model in our framework are the QCD axion and an EW scale dilaton-like scalar field. The existence of such a second scalar resonance with a mass and properties similar to the Higgs boson will soon be tested at the LHC. In this context, the QCD axion would not only solve the strong CP problem, but also the matter anti-matter asymmetry and dark matter.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures; v3: This is the long version of the letter to appear in PRL. More detailed and clarified discussion of cosmological evolution, improved plots (2 new figures), DM section added, conclusions unchanged
A Survey on Machine Learning from Few Samples
Creators: name: Lu, Jiang
name: Gong, Pinghua
name: Ye, Jieping
name: Zhang, Jianwei
name: Zhang, Changshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Few sample learning (FSL) is significant and challenging in the field of machine learning. The capability of learning and generalizing from very few samples successfully is a noticeable demarcation separating artificial intelligence and human intelligence since humans can readily establish their cognition to novelty from just a single or a handful of examples whereas machine learning algorithms typically entail hundreds or thousands of supervised samples to guarantee generalization ability. Despite the long history dated back to the early 2000s and the widespread attention in recent years with booming deep learning technologies, little surveys or reviews for FSL are available until now. In this context, we extensively review 300+ papers of FSL spanning from the 2000s to 2019 and provide a timely and comprehensive survey for FSL. In this survey, we review the evolution history as well as the current progress on FSL, categorize FSL approaches into the generative model based and discriminative model based kinds in principle, and emphasize particularly on the meta learning based FSL approaches. We also summarize several recently emerging extensional topics of FSL and review the latest advances on these topics. Furthermore, we highlight the important FSL applications covering many research hotspots in computer vision, natural language processing, audio and speech, reinforcement learning and robotic, data analysis, etc. Finally, we conclude the survey with a discussion on promising trends in the hope of providing guidance and insights to follow-up researches.
description: 30 pages, Accepted by Pattern Recognition, 2023
3D PIC Simulations for Relativistic Jets with a Toroidal Magnetic Field
Creators: name: Meli, A.
name: Nishikawa, K.
name: Koehn, C.
name: Dutan, I.
name: Mizuno, Y.
name: Kobzar, O.
name: MacDonald, N.
name: Gomez, J. L.
name: Hirotani, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have investigated how kinetic instabilities such as the Weibel instability (WI), the mushroom instability (MI), and the kinetic Kelvin-Helmholtz instability (kKHI) are excited in jets without and with a toroidal magnetic field, and how such instabilities contribute to particle acceleration. In this work we use a new jet injection scheme where an electric current is self-consistently generated at the jet orifice by the jet particles which produce the toroidal magnetic field. We perform five different simulations for a sufficiently long time to examine the non-linear effects of the jet evolution. We inject unmagnetized e^{\pm} and e^{-} - p^{+} (m_p/m_e = 1836), as well as magnetized e^{\pm} and e^{-} - i^{+} (m_i/m_e = 4) jets with a top-hat jet density profile into an unmagnetized ambient plasmas of the same species. We show that WI, MI, and kKHI excited at the linear stage, generate a non-oscillatory x-component of the electric field accelerating and decelerating electrons. We find that the two different jet compositions (e^{\pm} and e^{-} - i^{+}) display different instability modes respectively. Moreover, the magnetic field in the non-linear stage generated by different instabilities is dissipated and reorganized into new topologies. A 3D magnetic field topology depiction indicates possible reconnection sites in the non-linear stage where the particles are significantly accelerated by the dissipation of the magnetic field associated to a possible reconnection event.
description: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2023, 519, 4, 5410-5426 (DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac3474)
Superconductivity and structural distortion in BaPt$_2$As$_2$
Creators: name: Jiang, W. B.
name: Guo, C. Y.
name: Weng, Z. F.
name: Wang, Y. F.
name: Chen, Y. H.
name: Chen, Y.
name: Pang, G. M.
name: Shang, T.
name: Lu, X.
name: Yuan, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We successfully synthesized the BaPt$_2$As$_2$ single crystals and studied their structural and physical properties at low temperatures. BaPt$_2$As$_2$ crystallizes in the CaBe$_2$Ge$_2$-type tetragonal structure (P4/nmm) at room temperature and undergoes a first-order structural transition at $T_S\simeq 275$ K, which is likely associated with a charge-density-wave (CDW) instability. BCS-type superconductivity with two subsequent transitions at $T_{c1}=1.67$K and $T_{c2}$=1.33K are observed in this compound. Thus, BaPt$_2$As$_2$ may serve as a new system for studying the interplay of superconductivity and the CDW order.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures, minor revision
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 145.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 20.06.1994, 13:00, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 3.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Cycles of interactions in multi-gravity theories
Creators: name: Scargill, James H. C.
name: Noller, Johannes
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we study multi-gravity (multi-metric and multi-vielbein) theories in the presence of cycles of interactions (cycles in the so-called `theory graph'). It has been conjectured that in multi-metric theories such cycles lead to the introduction of a ghost-like instability, which, however, is absent in the multi-vielbein version of such theories. In this paper we answer this question in the affirmative by explicitly demonstrating the presence of the ghost in such multi-metric theories in the form of dangerous higher derivative terms in the decoupling limit Lagrangian; we also explain why these terms are absent in the vielbein version of these theories. Finally we discuss the ramifications of our result on the dimensional deconstruction paradigm, which would seek an equivalence between such theories and a truncated Kaluza-Klein theory, and find that the impediment to taking the continuum limit due to a low strong-coupling scale is exacerbated by the presence of the ghost, when these theories are constructed using metrics.
description: 25 pages; v2: corrected an error in section 5.3.1 which changes slightly the conclusions of that subsection; expanded section 6.1 to include derivation of the scaling of the cutoff; version published in JHEP
Interplay of localized and itinerant behavior in the one-dimensional Kondo-Heisenberg model
Creators: name: Xie, Neng
name: Yang, Yi-feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the density matrix renormalization group method to study the interplay of the localized and itinerant behaviors in the one-dimensional Kondo-Heisenberg model. We find signatures of simultaneously localized and itinerant behaviors of the local spins and attribute this duality to their simultaneous entanglement within the spin chain and with conduction electrons due to incomplete hybridization. We propose a microscopic definition of the hybridization parameter that measures this "partial" itinerancy. Our results provide a microscopic support for the dual nature of f-electrons and the resulting two-fluid behavior widely observed in heavy electron materials.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 177.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 22.07.1994, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Vanishing Higgs potential at the Planck scale in a singlet extension of the standard model
Creators: name: Haba, Naoyuki
name: Ishida, Hiroyuki
name: Kaneta, Kunio
name: Takahashi, Ryo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the realization of a vanishing effective Higgs potential at the Planck scale, which is required by the multiple-point criticality principle (MPCP), in the standard model with singlet scalar dark matter and a right-handed neutrino. We find the scalar dark matter and the right-handed neutrino play crucial roles for realization of the MPCP, where a neutrino Yukawa becomes effective above the Majorana mass of the right-handed neutrino. Once the top mass is fixed, the MPCP at the (reduced) Planck scale and the suitable dark matter relic abundance determine the dark matter mass, $m_S$, and the Majorana mass of the right-handed neutrino, $M_R$, as $8.5~(8.0)\times10^2~{\rm GeV}\leq m_S\leq1.4~(1.2)\times10^3~{\rm GeV}$ and $6.3~(5.5)\times10^{13}~{\rm GeV}\leq M_R\leq1.6~(1.2)\times10^{14}~{\rm GeV}$ within current experimental values of the Higgs and top masses. This scenario is consistent with current dark matter direct search experiments, and will be checked by future experiments such as LUX with further exposure and/or the XENON1T.
description: 11 pages, 14 figures, published version
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 38.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 18.02.1994, 08:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Ultimate photo-induced Kerr rotation achieved in semiconductor microcavities
Creators: name: Cherbunin, R. V.
name: Vladimirova, M.
name: Kavokin, K. V.
name: Mikhailov, A. V.
name: Kopteva, N. E.
name: Lagoudakis, P. G.
name: Kavokin, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photoinduced Kerr rotation by more than $π/2$ radians is demonstrated in planar quantum well microcavity in the strong coupling regime. This result is close to the predicted theoretical maximum of $π$. It is achieved by engineering microcavity parameters such that the optical impedance matching condition is reached at the smallest negative detuning between exciton resonance and the cavity mode. This ensures the optimum combination of the exciton induced optical non-linearity and the enhancement of the Kerr angle by the cavity. Comprehensive analysis of the polarization state of the light in this regime shows that both renormalization of the exciton energy and the saturation of the excitonic resonance contribute to the observed optical nonlinearities.
description: Shortened version prepared to submit in Phys. Rev. Letters
Mirrors for X-ray telescopes: Fresnel diffraction-based computation of point spread functions from metrology
Creators: name: Raimondi, Lorenzo
name: Spiga, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The imaging sharpness of an X-ray telescope is chiefly determined by the optical quality of its focusing optics, which in turn mostly depends on the shape accuracy and the surface finishing of the grazing-incidence X-ray mirrors that compose the optical modules. To ensure the imaging performance during the mirror manufacturing, a fundamental step is predicting the mirror point spread function (PSF) from the metrology of its surface. Traditionally, the PSF computation in X-rays is assumed to be different depending on whether the surface defects are classified as figure errors or roughness. [...] The aim of this work is to overcome this limit by providing analytical formulae that are valid at any light wavelength, for computing the PSF of an X-ray mirror shell from the measured longitudinal profiles and the roughness power spectral density (PSD), without distinguishing spectral ranges with different treatments. The method we adopted is based on the Huygens-Fresnel principle for computing the diffracted intensity from measured or modeled profiles. In particular, we have simplified the computation of the surface integral to only one dimension, owing to the grazing incidence that reduces the influence of the azimuthal errors by orders of magnitude. The method can be extended to optical systems with an arbitrary number of reflections - in particular the Wolter-I, which is frequently used in X-ray astronomy - and can be used in both near- and far-field approximation. Finally, it accounts simultaneously for profile, roughness, and aperture diffraction. We describe the formalism with which one can self-consistently compute the PSF of grazing-incidence mirrors, [...] Finally, we validate this by comparing the simulated PSF of a real Wolter-I mirror shell with the measured PSF in hard X-rays.
description: Final version with typos corrected
A class of invisible axion models with FCNCs at tree level
Creators: name: Celis, Alejandro
name: Fuentes-Martin, Javier
name: Serodio, Hugo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We build a class of invisible axion models with tree-level Flavor Changing Neutral Currents completely controlled by the fermion mixing matrices. The scalar sector of these models contains three-Higgs doublets and a complex scalar gauge singlet, with the same fermionic content than the Standard Model. A horizontal Peccei-Quinn symmetry provides a solution to the strong CP problem and predicts the existence of a very light and weakly coupled pseudo-Goldstone boson, the invisible axion or familon. A phenomenological analysis is performed taking into account familon searches in rare kaon and muon decays, astrophysical considerations and axion searches via axion-photon conversion. Drastic differences are found in the axion properties of different models due to the strong hierarchy of the CKM matrix, making some of the models considered much more constrained than others. We also obtain that a rich variety of these models avoid the domain wall problem. A possible mechanism to protect the solution to the strong CP problem against gravitational effects is also discussed.
description: 64 pages, 9 tables, 3 figures. Discussion extended and references added. Matching the journal version
Surface waves at an interface separating two saturated porous media
Creators: name: Edelman, Inna
name: Wilmanski, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: partial differential equations
subject: waves in porous media
subject: 35C20
subject: 35L50
subject: 73D20

description: Surface waves at an interface between two saturated porous media of different structure are investigated. Existence and peculiarities of surface wave propagation are revealed. Four types of surface waves are proven to be possible: true Stoneley surface wave propagating almost without dispersion, leaky slow pseudo-Stoneley wave, leaky generalized Rayleigh wave, and one more new leaky mode. True Stoneley, leaky pseudo-Stoneley, and generalized Rayleigh waves are similar to those waves, which exist at an interface between a saturated porous medium and a liquid. Existence of generalized Rayleigh wave or new mode depends crucially on the parameters of the skeletons.
Structure adaptive approach for dimension reduction
Creators: name: Hristache, Marian
name: Juditsky, Anatoli
name: Polzehl, Jörg
name: Spokoiny, Vladimir
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: dimension-reduction
subject: multi-index model
subject: index space
subject: average derivative estimation
subject: structural adaptation
subject: 62G05
subject: 62H40
subject: 62G20

description: We propose a new method of effective dimension reduction for a multi-index model which is based on iterative improvement of the family of average derivative estimates. The procedure is computationally straightforward and does not require any prior information about the structure of the underlying model. We show that in the case when the effective dimension m of the index space does not exceed 3, this space can be estimated with the rate n-1/2 under rather mild assumptions on the model.
In-Situ Visualization of Long-Range Defect Interactions at the Edge of Melting
Creators: name: Dresselhaus-Marais, Leora E.
name: Winther, Grethe
name: Howard, Marylesa
name: Gonzalez, Arnulfo
name: Breckling, Sean R.
name: Yildirim, Can
name: Cook, Philip K.
name: Kutsal, Mustafacan
name: Simons, Hugh
name: Detlefs, Carsten
name: Eggert, Jon H.
name: Poulsen, Henning Friis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Connecting a bulk material's microscopic defects to its macroscopic properties is an age-old problem in materials science. Long-range interactions between dislocations (line defects) are known to play a key role in how materials deform or melt, but we lack the tools to connect these dynamics to the macroscopic properties. We introduce time-resolved dark-field X-ray microscopy to directly visualize how dislocations move and interact over hundreds of micrometers, deep inside bulk aluminum. With real-time movies, we reveal the thermally-activated motion and interactions of dislocations that comprise a boundary, and show how weakened binding forces inhomogeneously destabilize the structure at 99% of the melting temperature. Connecting dynamics of the microstructure to its stability, we provide important opportunities to guide and validate multiscale models that are yet untested.
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 113.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 10.05.1994, 07:30, erstellt von Sergio Cortesi, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Sonnenfleckenzeichnung Nr. 151.
Zeichnung von Flecken und Fackelflächen zur Ermittlung der Sonnenaktivität am 26.06.1994, 08:30, erstellt von Andrea Manna, Sonnenobservatorium Specola Solare Ticinese in Locarno
Creators: name: Observatorium Specola Solare Ticinese Locarno (1957 bis 1980 Teil der Eidgenössischen Sternwarte der ETH Zürich)
Publisher: name: [s.n.]
Year: 1994

description: Bleistiftzeichnung mit schwarzer Farbe und Bleistift, erstellt als Projektionsbildzeichnung für die Beobachtungen in Locarno-Monti auf einem eigenen Vordruck. Instrument: Zeiss-Coudé-Refraktor mit 15 cm Öffnung und 225 cm Brennweite. Bildqualität (SIDC): 4.
Die Beobachtungen zu Einzelflecken und zu Sonnenfleckengruppen wurden auf dem Vordruck eingetragen. Zusätzlich sind zuhanden der späteren statistischen Verarbeitung die Angaben für die Bestimmung der Fleckenrelativzahl notiert.
Beobachtungstätigkeit unter eigenständiger Leitung (Associazione Specola Solare Ticinese ASST)
Numerical study of a stochastic particle method for homogeneous gas phase reactions
Creators: name: Kraft, Markus
name: Wagner, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Weierstrass Institute
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Stochastic particle method
subject: combustion
subject: convergence
subject: efficiency
subject: 65C35
subject: 60K40

description: In this paper we study a stochastic particle system that describes homogeneous gas phase reactions of a number of chemical species. First we introduce the system as a Markov jump process and discuss how relevant physical quantities are represented in terms of appropriate random variables. Then, we show how various deterministic equations, used in the literature, are derived from the stochastic system in the limit when the number of particles goes to infinity. Finally, we apply the corresponding stochastic algorithm to a toy problem, a simple formal reaction mechanism, and to a real combustion problem. This problem is given by the isothermal combustion of a homogeneous mixture of hepthane and air modelled by a detailed reaction mechanism with 107 chemical species and 808 reversible reactions. Heptane as described in this chemical mechanism serves as model-fuel for different types of internal combustion engines. In particular, we study the order of convergence with respect to the number of simulation particles, and illustrate the limitations of the method.
Biorthogonal quantum criticality in non-Hermitian many-body systems
Creators: name: Sun, Gaoyong
name: Tang, Jia-Chen
name: Kou, Su-Peng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop the perturbation theory of the fidelity susceptibility in biorthogonal bases for arbitrary interacting non-Hermitian many-body systems with real eigenvalues. The quantum criticality in the non-Hermitian transverse field Ising chain is investigated by the second derivative of ground-state energy and the ground-state fidelity susceptibility. We show that the system undergoes a second-order phase transition with the Ising universal class by numerically computing the critical points and the critical exponents from the finite-size scaling theory. Interestingly, our results indicate that the biorthogonal quantum phase transitions are described by the biorthogonal fidelity susceptibility instead of the conventional fidelity susceptibility.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Band structure of magnonic crystals with defects: Brillouin spectroscopy and micromagnetic simulations
Creators: name: Di, Kai
name: Zhang, Vanessa Li
name: Kuok, Meng Hau
name: Lim, Hock Siah
name: Ng, Ser Choon
name: Narayanapillai, Kulothungasagaran
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Brillouin spectroscopy, the first observation has been made of the band structures of nanostructured defect magnonic crystals. The samples are otherwise one-dimensional periodic arrays of equal-width Ni80Fe20 and cobalt nanostripes, where the defects are stripes of a different width. A dispersionless defect branch emerges within the bandgap with a frequency tunable by varying the defect stripe width, while the other branches observed are similar to those of a defect-free crystal. Micromagnetic and finite-element simulations performed unveil additional tiny bandgaps and the frequency-dependent localization of the defect mode in the vicinity of the defects.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures