cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Single-molecule time-resolved spectroscopy in a tunable STM nanocavity
Creators: name: Doležal, Jiří
name: Sagwal, Amandeep
name: Ferreira, Rodrigo Cezar de Campos
name: Švec, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spontaneous fluorescence rates of single-molecule emitters are typically on the order of nanoseconds. However coupling them with plasmonic nanostructures can substantially increase their fluorescence yields. The confinement between the tip and sample of a scanning tunneling microscope creates a tunable nanocavity, an ideal platform for exploring the yields and excitation decay rates of single-molecule emitters depending on the coupling strength to the nanocavity. With this setup we estimate the excitation lifetimes from the direct time-resolved measurements of the fluorescence decays of phthalocyanine adsorbates, decoupled from the metal substrates by ultrathin NaCl layers. It is found that nanosecond-range lifetimes prevail for the emitters away from the nanocavity, whereas for the tip approached to a molecule, we find a substantial effect of the nanocavity coupling, which reduces the lifetimes to a few picoseconds. An analysis is performed to investigate the crossover between the far-field and tip-enhanced photoluminescence regimes. This approach overcomes the drawbacks associated with the estimation of lifetimes for single molecules from their respective emission linewidths.
Si Nanowire - Array Source Gated Transistors
Creators: name: Opoku, Charles
name: Sporea, Radu
name: Stolojan, Vlad
name: Silva, Ravi
name: Shkunov, Maxim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Solution processed field-effect transistors based on single crystalline silicon nanowires (Si NWs) with metal Schottky contacts are demonstrated. The semiconducting layer was deposited from a nanowire ink formulation at room temperature. The devices with 230nm thick SiO2 gate insulating layers show excellent output current-voltage characteristics with early saturation voltages under 2 volts, constant saturation current and exceptionally low dependence of saturation voltage with the gate field. Operational principles of these devices are markedly different from traditional ohmic-contact field-effect transistors (FETs), and are explained using the source-gated transistor (SGT) concept in which the semiconductor under the reverse biased Schottky source barrier is depleted leading to low voltage pinch-off and saturation of drain current. Device parameters including activation energy are extracted at different temperatures and gate voltages to estimate the Schottky barrier height for different electrode materials to establish transistor performance - barrier height relationships. Numerical simulations are performed using 2D thin-film approximation of the device structures at various Schottky barrier heights. Without any adjustable parameters and only assuming low p-doping of the transistor channel, the modelled data show exceptionally good correlation with the measured data. From both experimental and simulation results, it is concluded that source-barrier controlled nanowire transistors have excellent potential advantages compared with a standard FET including mitigation of short-channel effects, insensitivity in device operating currents to device channel length variation, higher on/off ratios, higher gain, lower power consumption and higher operational speed for solution processable and printable nanowire electronics.
description: main text: 9 figures, 1 table ; supporting information: 4 figures, 1 table
Infrared spectra of the water-CO2 complex in the 4.3-3.6 micron region and determination of the ground state tunneling splitting for HDO-CO2
Creators: name: Gartner, T.
name: Lauzin, C.
name: McKellar, A. R. W.
name: Moazzen-Ahmadi, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spectra of water-CO2 dimers are studied using a tunable mid-infrared source to probe a pulsed slit jet supersonic expansion. H2O-CO2 and D2O-CO2 are observed in the CO2 nu3 fundamental region (~2350 cm-1), D2O-CO2 is also observed in the D2O nu3 fundamental region (~2790 cm-1), and HDO-CO2 is observed in the HDO O-D stretch fundamental region (~2720 cm-1), all for the first time in these regions. Analysis of the spectra yields excited state rotational parameters and vibrational shifts. They also yield the first experimental values of the ground state internal rotation tunneling splittings for D2O-CO2 (0.003 cm-1) and HDO-CO2 (0.0234 cm-1). The latter value is a direct determination made possible by the reduced symmetry of HDO-CO2. These results provide stringent and easily interpreted tests for theoretical water - CO2 potential energy surface calculations.
description: 19 pages, 6 figure and 5 tables
Overexpression of the WAPO-A1 gene increases the number of spikelets per spike in bread wheat.
Creators: name: Wittern, Lukas M
name: Barrero, Jose M
name: Bovill, William D
name: Verbyla, Klara L
name: Hughes, Trijntje
name: Swain, Steve M
name: Steed, Gareth
name: Webb, Alex AR
name: Gardner, Keith
name: Greenland, Andy
name: Jacobs, John
name: Frohberg, Claus
name: Schmidt, Ralf-Christian
name: Cavanagh, Colin
name: Rohde, Antje
name: Davey, Mark W
name: Hannah, Matthew A
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2022
Subjects: Article
/631/449/447
/631/449/711
/631/449/2653
/631/449/2491
article

description: Funder: BASF; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/100004349
description: Funder: BASF / CSIRO collaboration
description: Two homoeologous QTLs for number of spikelets per spike (SPS) were mapped on chromosomes 7AL and 7BL using two wheat MAGIC populations. Sets of lines contrasting for the QTL on 7AL were developed which allowed for the validation and fine mapping of the 7AL QTL and for the identification of a previously described candidate gene, WHEAT ORTHOLOG OF APO1 (WAPO1). Using transgenic overexpression in both a low and a high SPS line, we provide a functional validation for the role of this gene in determining SPS also in hexaploid wheat. We show that the expression levels of this gene positively correlate with SPS in multiple MAGIC founder lines under field conditions as well as in transgenic lines grown in the greenhouse. This work highlights the potential use of WAPO1 in hexaploid wheat for further yield increases. The impact of WAPO1 and SPS on yield depends on other genetic and environmental factors, hence, will require a finely balanced expression level to avoid the development of detrimental pleiotropic phenotypes.
Attraction-induced jamming in the flow of foam through a channel
Creators: name: Menon, Karthik
name: Govindarajan, Rama
name: Tewari, Shubha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the flow of a pressure-driven foam through a straight channel using numerical simulations, and examine the effects of a tuneable attractive potential between bubbles. This potential, which accounts for the effects of disjoining pressure in the liquid films between separating bubbles, is shown here to introduce jamming and stick-slip flow in a straight channel. We report on the behaviour of these new regimes by varying the strength of the attractive potential. It is seen that there is a force threshold below which the flow jams, and on increasing the driving force, a cross over from intermittent (stick-slip) to smooth flow is observed. This threshold force below which the foam jams increases linearly with the strength of the attractive potential. By examining the spectra of energy fluctuations, we show that stick-slip flow is characterized by low frequency rearrangements and strongly local behaviour, whereas steady flow shows a broad spectrum of energy drop events and collective behaviour. Our work suggests that the stick-slip and the jamming regimes occur due to the increased stabilization of contact networks by the attractive potential - as the strength of attraction is increased, bubbles are increasingly trapped within networks, and there is a decrease in the number of contact changes.
description: Supplementary materials available upon request - movies comparing the evolution of contact force networks as well as the fluctuations of elastic energy with the flow, for steady as well as stick-slip flow regimes
The Largest Fullerene
Creators: name: Gatchell, Michael
name: Zettergren, Henning
name: Hansen, Klavs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fullerenes are lowest energy structures for gas phase all-carbon particles for a range of sizes, but graphite remains the lowest energy allotrope of bulk carbon. This implies that the lowest energy structure changes nature from fullerenes to graphite or graphene at some size and therefore, in turn, implies a limit on the size of free fullerenes as ground state structures. We calculate this largest stable single shell fullerene to be of size $N=1\times10^4$, using the AIREBO effective potential. Above this size fullerene onions are more stable, with an energy per atom that approaches graphite structures. Onions and graphite have very similar ground state energies, raising the intriguing possibility that fullerene onions could be the lowest free energy states of large carbon particles in some temperature range.
Climate Services And Their Role In Long-Term Business Strategy
Creators: name: Aarnes, Øivin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Blue-Action
blue growth
improved predictions
weather predictions
climate services
business strategy
climate service innovation
climate resilience
Arctic
climate action
extreme events
polar lows
shipping

description: Several Blue-Action partners attended and contributed to the 2017 Arctic Circle event in Reykjavik, Iceland, 13- 15 October 2017. More information about the event and full programme: http://www.arcticcircle.org/

These are the sessions we have been contributing to: http://www.blue-action.eu/index.php?id=4011
description: We are on Twitter! @BG10Blueaction
Spectrum of secondary electrons emitted during the nuclear $β^{-}$-decay of the tritium atom
Creators: name: Frolov, Alexei M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ionization of the final ${}^{3}$He$^{+}$ ion during the nuclear $β^{-}$-decay of the tritium atom is discussed. The velocity spectrum of the emitted secondary electrons is derived in the explicit form. Our method allows to determine the relative and absolute probabilities of formation of the final states in few-electron atoms which include `free' secondary electrons moving with different velocities. \noindent PACS number(s): 23.40.-s, 12.20.Ds and 14.60.Cd
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1511.06475
Competing spin-glass and spin-fluctuation states in NdxPr4-xNi3O8
Creators: name: Huangfu, Shangxiong
name: Guguchia, Zurab
name: Shang, Tian
name: Lin, Hai
name: Liu, Huanlong
name: Zhang, Xiaofu
name: Luetkens, Hubertus
name: Schilling, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neodymium nickelates have attracted research interest due to their strongly correlated behaviour and remarkable magnetic properties. More importantly, superconductivity has recently been confirmed in thin-film samples of Sr-doped NdNiO2, bringing the layered rare earth nickel oxides into the research spotlight. In this report, we present results on a series of NdNiO2 analogues, NdxPr4-xNi3O8 (x = 0.1, 0.25, 1, 2, and 4) obtained by topotactic reduction, in which we observe systematic changes in the magnetic behaviour. As the Nd3+ content increases, the initially large spin-freezing region with magnetic frustration becomes smaller and gradually shifts to low temperatures, while the magnetic response gradually increases. The muon-spin spectroscopy measurements on Nd4Ni3O8 show that this phenomenon is likely due to the enhancement of spin fluctuations in NdxPr4-xNi3O8, which weakens the spin frustration behaviour for high Nd3+ contents and at low temperatures. These spin fluctuations can be caused by both Nd and Ni ions and could be one of the factors determining the occurrence of possible superconductivity.
description: 21 pages 10 figures
The VORTEX coronagraphic test bench
Creators: name: Jolivet, Aissa
name: Piron, Pierre
name: Huby, Elsa
name: Absil, Olivier
name: Delacroix, Christian
name: Mawet, Dimitri
name: Surdej, Jean
name: Habraken, Serge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we present the infrared coronagraphic test bench of the University of Liège named VODCA (Vortex Optical Demonstrator for Coronagraphic Applications). The goal of the bench is to assess the performances of the Annular Groove Phase Masks (AGPMs) at near- to mid-infrared wavelengths. The AGPM is a subwavelength grating vortex coronagraph of charge two (SGVC2) made out of diamond. The bench is designed to be completely achromatic and will be composed of a super continuum laser source emitting in the near to mid-infrared, several parabolas, diaphragms and an infrared camera. This way, we will be able to test the different AGPMs in the M, L, K and H bands. Eventually, the bench will also allow the computation of the incident wavefront aberrations on the coronagraph. A reflective Lyot stop will send most of the stellar light to a second camera to perform low-order wavefront sensing. This second system coupled with a deformable mirror will allow the correction of the wavefront aberrations. We also aim to test other pre- and/or post-coronagraphic concepts such as optimal apodization.
MAD Adaptive Optics Imaging of High Luminosity Quasars: A Pilot Project
Creators: name: Liuzzo, E.
name: Falomo, R.
name: Paiano, S.
name: Treves, A.
name: Uslenghi, M.
name: Arcidiacono, C.
name: Baruffolo, A.
name: Diolaiti, E.
name: Farinato, J.
name: Lombini, M.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Ragazzoni, R.
name: Brast, R.
name: Donaldson, R.
name: Kolb, J.
name: Marchetti, E.
name: Tordo, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present near-IR images of five luminous quasars at z~2 and one at z~4 obtained with an experimental adaptive optics instrument at the ESO Very Large Telescope. The observations are part of a program aimed at demonstrating the capabilities of multi-conjugated adaptive optics imaging combined with the use of natural guide stars for high spatial resolution studies on large telescopes. The observations were mostly obtained under poor seeing conditions but in two cases. In spite of these non optimal conditions, the resulting images of point sources have cores of FWHM ~0.2 arcsec. We are able to characterize the host galaxy properties for 2 sources and set stringent upper limits to the galaxy luminosity for the others. We also report on the expected capabilities for investigating the host galaxies of distant quasars with adaptive optics systems coupled with future Extremely Large Telescopes. Detailed simulations show that it will be possible to characterize compact (2-3 kpc) quasar host galaxies for QSOs at z = 2 with nucleus K-magnitude spanning from 15 to 20 (corresponding to absolute magnitude -31 to -26) and host galaxies that are 4 mag fainter than their nuclei.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted for pubblication in The Astronomical Journal
Resolving negative cross section of quarkonium hadroproduction using soft gluon factorization
Creators: name: Chen, An-Ping
name: Ma, Yan-Qing
name: Meng, Ce
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was found that, using nonrelativistic QCD factorization, the predicted $χ_{cJ}$ hadroproduction cross section at large $p_T$ can be negative. The negative cross sections originate from terms proportional to plus function in ${^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}P_{J}^{[1]}}$ channels, which are remnants of the infrared subtraction in matching the ${^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}P_{J}^{[1]}}$ short-distance coefficients. In this article, we find that the above terms can be factorized into the nonperturbative ${^{3}\hspace{-0.6mm}S_{1}^{[8]}}$ soft gluon distribution function in the soft gluon factorization (SGF) framework. Therefore, the problem can be naturally resolved in SGF. With an appropriate choice of nonperturbative parameters, the SGF can indeed give positive predictions for $χ_{cJ}$ production rates within the whole $p_T$ region. The production of $ψ(2S)$ is also discussed, and there is no negative cross section problem.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures
Bitcoin's Carbon Footprint Revisited: Proof of Work Mining for Renewable Energy Expansion
Creators: name: Ibañez, Juan Ignacio
name: Freier, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite their potential in many respects, blockchain and distributed ledger technology (DLT) technology have been the target of criticism for the energy intensity of the proof-of-work (PoW) consensus algorithm in general and of Bitcoin mining in particular. However, mining is also believed to have the potential to drive net decarbonization and renewable penetration in the energy grid by providing ancillary and other services. In this paper, we systematize the state of the art in this regard. Although not completely absent from the literature, the extent to which flexible load response (FLR) through PoW mining may support grid decarbonization remains insufficiently studied and hence contested. We approach this research gap by systematizing both the strengths and the limitations of mining to provide FLR services for energy grids. We find that a net-decarbonizing effect led by renewable-based mining is indeed plausible.
description: A previous version of this paper was titled "Can Bitcoin Stop Climate Change? Proof of Work, Energy Consumption and Carbon Footprint (SoK)"
Thermo-magnetic properties of the magnetocaloric layered materials based upon FeMnAsP: a Green function-method approach
Creators: name: Schilling, Osvaldo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The compounds FeMnAsxP1-x are very promising as far as commercial applications of the magnetocaloric effect are concerned. However, the theoretical literature on magnetocaloric materials still adopts simple molecular-field models in the description of important properties like the entropy variation that accompanies applied isothermal magnetic field cycling, for instance. We apply a Green function theoretical treatment for such analysis. The advantages of such approach are well-known since the details of the crystal structure are incorporated in the model, as well as a precise description of correlations between spins of the transition metal ions can be obtained. For the sake of simplcity we adopt a simple one-exchange parameter Heisenberg model, and the observed first-order phase transitions are reproduced by the introduction of a biquadratic term in the hamiltonian. Good agreement with experimental magnetocaloric data for FeMnAsxP1-x compounds is obtained, as well as an agreement with the magnetic field dependence for these properties predicted from the Landau theory of continuous phase transitions.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures
Sorting motile rods by activity
Creators: name: Kumar, Nitin
name: Soni, Harsh
name: Gupta, Rahul Kumar
name: Ramaswamy, Sriram
name: Sood, A. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show, through experiments and simulations, that geometrically polar granular rods, rendered active by the transduction of vertical vibration, undergo a collective trapping phase transition in the presence of a V-shaped obstacle when the opening angle drops below a threshold value. We propose a mechanism that accounts qualitatively for the transition, based on the cooperative reduction of angular noise with increasing area fraction. We exploit the sensitivity of trapping to the persistence of directed motion to sort particles based on the statistical properties of their activity.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, Supplementary videos: http://www.tifrh.res.in/tcis/events/sriram_videos/Sorting_rods_supplementary/
Creating Simplified 3D Models with High Quality Textures
Creators: name: Liu, Song
name: Li, Wanqing
name: Ogunbona, Philip
name: Chow, Yang-Wai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper presents an extension to the KinectFusion algorithm which allows creating simplified 3D models with high quality RGB textures. This is achieved through (i) creating model textures using images from an HD RGB camera that is calibrated with Kinect depth camera, (ii) using a modified scheme to update model textures in an asymmetrical colour volume that contains a higher number of voxels than that of the geometry volume, (iii) simplifying dense polygon mesh model using quadric-based mesh decimation algorithm, and (iv) creating and mapping 2D textures to every polygon in the output 3D model. The proposed method is implemented in real-time by means of GPU parallel processing. Visualization via ray casting of both geometry and colour volumes provides users with a real-time feedback of the currently scanned 3D model. Experimental results show that the proposed method is capable of keeping the model texture quality even for a heavily decimated model and that, when reconstructing small objects, photorealistic RGB textures can still be reconstructed.
description: 2015 International Conference on Digital Image Computing: Techniques and Applications (DICTA), Page 1 - 8
Topologically protected modes in non-equilibrium stochastic systems
Creators: name: Murugan, Arvind
name: Vaikuntanathan, Suriyanarayanan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-equilibrium driving of biochemical reactions is believed to enable their robust functioning despite the presence of thermal fluctuations and other sources of disorder. Such robust functions include sensory adaptation, enhanced enyzmatic specificity and maintenance of coherent oscillations. Non-equilibrium biochemical reactions can be modeled as a master equation whose rate constants break detailed balance. We find that non equilibrium fluxes can support topologically protected boundary modes that resemble similar modes in electronic and mechanical systems. We show that when a biochemical network can be decomposed into two ordered bulks that meet at a possibly disordered interferace, the ordered bulks can be each associated with a topologically invariant winding number. If the winding numbers are mismatched, we are guaranteed that the steady state distribution is localized at the interface between the bulks, even in the presence of strong disorder in reaction rates. We argue that our work provides a framework for how biochemical systems can use non equilibrium driving to achieve robust function.
Overlapping Circles Grid Drawn with Compass and Straightedge on an Egyptian Artifact of 14th Century BC
Creators: name: Sparavigna, Amelia Carolina
name: Baldi, Mauro Maria
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The study of the mathematics and geometry of ancient civilizations is a task which seems to be very difficult or even impossible to fulfil, if few written documents, or none at all, had survived from the past. However, besides the direct information that we can have from written documents, we can gain some indirect evidence on mathematics and geometry also from the analysis of the decorations we find on artifacts. Here, for instance, we will show that ancient Egyptians were able of making geometric constructions using compass and straightedge, quite before the Greek Oenopides of Chois, who lived around 450 BC, had declared some of their basic principles. In fact, a wood panel covered by an overlapping circles grid pattern, found in the tomb of Kha, an architect who served three kings of 18th Dynasty (1400-1350 BC), evidences that some simple constructions with compass and straightedge were used in ancient Egypt about nine centuries before Oenopides' time.
description: History of Science, History of Geometry
SESSIT - Socio-Ecological System Interaction Tool
Creators: name: Helin, Janne
name: Gulbinas, Justas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: UNISECO H2020 project
Socio-ecological systems
SESSIT
agro-ecological farming
sustainability tool

description: https://panda.maps.arcgis.com/apps/MapSeries/index.html?appid=ccd71365171a43ab9c9b7de1de6d4e7b Presentation at the UNISECO H2020 Final Conference, 18-19 March 2021
 https://uniseco-project.eu/final-conference UNISECO is a European research project aiming to develop innovative approaches to enhance the understanding of socio-economic and policy drivers and barriers for further development and implementation of agro-ecological practices in EU farming systems. Learn more about the project: https://uniseco-project.eu/ This project has received funding from the European Union's H2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 773901.
Recipe for single-pair-Weyl-points phonons carrying the same chiral charges
Creators: name: Ding, Guangqian
name: Xie, Chengwu
name: Bai, Jingbo
name: Cheng, Zhenxiang
name: Wang, Xiaotian
name: Wu, Weikang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, Wang et al. [Phys. Rev. B, 106, 195129 (2022)] challenged a widely held belief in the field of Weyl physics, demonstrating that single-pair-Weyl-points (SP-WPs) can exist in nonmagnetic spinless systems, contrary to previous assumptions that they could only exist in magnetic systems. Wang et al. observed that the SP-WPs with opposite and even chiral charges (i.e., |C| = 2 or 4) could also exist in nonmagnetic spinless systems. In this Letter, we present a novel finding in which SP-WPs have a partner, namely a charged nodal surface, in nonmagnetic spinless systems. In contrast to previous observations, we show that the SP-WPs can have uneven chiral charges (i.e., |C| = 1). We identify 6 (out of 230) space groups (SGs) that contain such SP-WPs by searching the encyclopedia of emergent particles in three-dimensional crystals. Our finds were confirmed through the phonon spectra of two specific materials Zr3O (with SG 182) and NaPH2NO3 (with SG 173). This discovery broadens the range of materials that can host SP-WPs and applies to other nonmagnetic spinless crystals.
A large deformation model for quasi-static to high strain rate response of a rate-stiffening soft polymer
Creators: name: Konale, Aditya
name: Ahmed, Zahra
name: Wanchoo, Piyush
name: Srivastava, Vikas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polyborosiloxane (PBS) is an important rate-stiffening soft polymer with dynamic, reversible crosslinks used in applications ranging from self-healing sensing and actuation to body and structural protection. Its highly rate-dependent response, especially for impact-mitigating structures, is important. However, the large strain response of PBS has not been characterized over quasi-static to high strain rates. Currently, there are no constitutive models that can predict the strongly rate-dependent large-deformation elastic-viscoplastic response of PBS. To address this gap, we have developed a microstructural physics motivated constitutive model for PBS and similar soft polymers and polymer gels with dynamic crosslinks to predict their large strain, non-linear loading-unloading, and significantly rate-dependent response. We have conducted compression experiments on PBS up to true strains of $\sim$125$\%$ over a wide strain rate range of 10$^{-3}$ s$^{-1}$ to 10$^{3}$ s$^{-1}$. The model reasonably accurately captures the response of PBS over six decades of strain rates. We propose boron-oxygen coordinate-bond dynamic crosslinks with macroscopic relaxation timescale $τ\approx 3$ s and temporary entanglement lockups at high strain rates acting as crosslinks with $τ\approx 0.0005$ s as the two types of crosslink mechanisms in PBS. We have outlined a numerical update procedure to evaluate the convolution-like time integrals arising from dynamic crosslink kinetics. Experiments involving three-dimensional inhomogeneous deformations were used to verify the predictive capabilities of our model and its finite element implementation. The modeling framework can be adopted for other dynamically crosslinked rate-stiffening soft polymers and polymer gels that are microstructurally similar to PBS.
Centrosymmetric-noncentrosymmetric Structural Phase Transition in Quasi one-dimensional compound, (TaSe$_4$)$_3$I
Creators: name: Bera, Arnab
name: Rom, Samir
name: Pradhan, Suman Kalyan
name: Bera, Satyabrata
name: Kalimuddin, Sk
name: Saha-Dasgupta, Tanusri
name: Mondal, Mintu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (TaSe$_4$)$_3$I, a compound belonging to the family of quasi-one-dimensional transition-metal tetrachalcogenides, has drawn significant attention due to a recent report on possible coexistence of two antagonistic phenomena, superconductivity and magnetism below 2.5~K (Bera et. al, arXiv:2111.14525). Here, we report a structural phase transition of the trimerized phase at temperature, $T~\simeq$~145~K using Raman scattering, specific heat, and electrical transport measurements. The temperature-dependent single-crystal X-ray diffraction experiments establish the phase transition from a high-temperature centrosymmetric to a low-temperature non-centrosymmetric structure, belonging to the same tetragonal crystal family. The first-principle calculation finds the aforementioned inversion symmetry-breaking structural transition to be driven by the hybridization energy gain due to the off-centric movement of the Ta atoms, which wins over the elastic energy loss.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures, Under review as a regular article
Coupled-cluster theory for trapped bosonic mixtures
Creators: name: Bhowmik, Anal
name: Alon, Ofir E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a coupled-cluster theory for bosonic mixtures of binary species in external traps, providing a promising theoretical approach to demonstrate highly accurately the many-body physics of mixtures of Bose-Einstein condensates. The coupled-cluster wavefunction for the binary species is obtained when an exponential cluster operator $e^T$, where $T=T^{(1)}+T^{(2)}+T^{(12)}$ and $T^{(1)}$ accounts for excitations in species-1, $T^{(2)}$ for excitations in species-2, and $T^{(12)}$ for combined excitations in both species, acts on the ground state configuration prepared by accumulating all bosons in a single orbital for each species. We have explicitly derived the working equations for the bosonic mixtures by truncating the cluster operator upto the single and double excitations and using an arbitrary sets of orthonormal orbitals for each of the species. Further, the comparatively simplified version of the working equations are formulated using the Fock-like operators. Finally, using an exactly solvable many-body model for bosonic mixtures that exists in the literature allows us to implement and test the performance and accuracy of the coupled-cluster theory for situations with balanced as well as imbalanced boson numbers and for weak to moderately strong intra- and inter-species interaction strengths. The comparison between our computed results using coupled-cluster theory with the respective analytical exact results displays remarkable agreement exhibiting excellent success of the coupled-cluster theory for bosonic mixtures. All in all, the correlation exhaustive coupled-cluster theory shows encouraging results and it could be a promising approach in paving the way for high-accuracy modelling of various bosonic mixture systems.
description: 45 pages and 5 captioned figures
State-specific ion mobilities of Lr^+ (Z = 103) in helium
Creators: name: Ramanantoanina, Harry
name: Borschevsky, Anastasia
name: Block, Michael
name: Viehland, Larry
name: Laatiaoui, Mustapha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ion mobilities of Lr^+ (Z = 103) and of its lighter chemical homolog Lu^+ (Z = 71) in helium were calculated for the ground state ^1S_0 and the lowest metastable state ^3D_1. To this end we applied the multi-reference configuration interaction (MRCI) method to calculate the ion-atom interaction potentials in the different states. The Gram-Charlier approach to solving the Boltzmann equation was used to deduce the mobilities of the different electronic states, based on the calculated interaction potentials. We found that the zero-field ion mobilities are similar for the Lr^+ and Lu^+ ions. In addition, the ion mobilities of the different states are substantially different for temperatures above 100K. The relative differences between the mobilities of the ground and excited states at room temperature are about 15\% and 13\% for Lu^+ and Lr^+ ions, respectively, which should be sufficiently large enough to enable laser resonance chromatography (LRC) of these ions.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, 4 tables
Weak-coupling superconductivity in a strongly correlated iron pnictide
Creators: name: Charnukha, A.
name: Post, K. W.
name: Thirupathaiah, S.
name: Pröpper, D.
name: Wurmehl, S.
name: Roslova, M.
name: Morozov, I.
name: Büchner, B.
name: Yaresko, A. N.
name: Boris, A. V.
name: Borisenko, S. V.
name: Basov, D. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Iron-based superconductors have been found to exhibit an intimate interplay of orbital, spin, and lattice degrees of freedom, dramatically affecting their low-energy electronic properties, including superconductivity. Albeit the precise pairing mechanism remains unidentified, several candidate interactions have been suggested to mediate the superconducting pairing, both in the orbital and in the spin channel. Here, we employ optical spectroscopy (OS), angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), ab initio band-structure, and Eliashberg calculations to show that nearly optimally doped NaFe$_{0.978}$Co$_{0.022}$As exhibits some of the strongest orbitally selective electronic correlations in the family of iron pnictides. Unexpectedly, we find that the mass enhancement of itinerant charge carriers in the strongly correlated band is dramatically reduced near the $Γ$ point and attribute this effect to orbital mixing induced by pronounced spin-orbit coupling. Embracing the true band structure allows us to describe all low-energy electronic properties obtained in our experiments with remarkable consistency and demonstrate that superconductivity in this material is rather weak and mediated by spin fluctuations.
description: Open access article available online at http://www.nature.com/articles/srep18620
Nested solitons in two-field fuzzy dark matter
Creators: name: Luu, Hoang Nhan
name: Mocz, Philip
name: Vogelsberger, Mark
name: May, Simon
name: Borrow, Josh
name: Tye, S. -H. Henry
name: Broadhurst, Tom
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dark matter as scalar particles consisting of multiple species is well motivated in string theory where axion fields are ubiquitous. A two-field fuzzy dark matter (FDM) model features two species of ultralight axion particles with different masses, $m_1 \neq m_2$, which is extended from the standard one-field model with $m_a \sim 10^{-22}\,{\rm eV}$. Here we perform numerical simulations to explore the properties of two-field FDM haloes. We find that the central soliton has a nested structure when $m_2 \gg m_1$, which is distinguishable from the generic flat-core soliton in one-field haloes. However, the formation of this nested soliton is subject to many factors, including the density fraction and mass ratio of the two fields. Finally, we study non-linear structure formation in two-field cosmological simulations with self-consistent initial conditions and find that the small-scale structure in two-field cosmology is also distinct from the one-field model in terms of DM halo counts and soliton formation time.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures. Published version
Planogram Compliance Checking Based on Detection of Recurring Patterns
Creators: name: Liu, Song
name: Li, Wanqing
name: Davis, Stephen
name: Ritz, Christian
name: Tian, Hongda
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, a novel method for automatic planogram compliance checking in retail chains is proposed without requiring product template images for training. Product layout is extracted from an input image by means of unsupervised recurring pattern detection and matched via graph matching with the expected product layout specified by a planogram to measure the level of compliance. A divide and conquer strategy is employed to improve the speed. Specifically, the input image is divided into several regions based on the planogram. Recurring patterns are detected in each region respectively and then merged together to estimate the product layout. Experimental results on real data have verified the efficacy of the proposed method. Compared with a template-based method, higher accuracies are achieved by the proposed method over a wide range of products.
description: Accepted by MM (IEEE Multimedia Magazine) 2016
Galesus (Schizogalesus) turneri var. carinaticeps Nixon 1930
Creators: name: Notton, David G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diapriidae
Galesus
Galesus turneri
Galesus (schizogalesus) turneri var. carinaticeps nixon, 1930: 401

description: Galesus (Schizogalesus) turneri var. carinaticeps Nixon, 1930: 401, 402, 410.
Valid name
Coptera carinaticeps (Nixon, 1930).
Summary of types
Syntype ♀, BMNH number 9.671. Syntype ♂, BMNH number 9.671b. Syntype ♂.
Primary type data
Type; Mossel Bay/ Cape Province / October 1921; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1921-450; Galesus / turneri Nixon / v. carinaticeps / Nixon/ ♀ type 1930 (syntype ♀). Type; Mossel Bay/ Cape Province / 15-31.vii.1921; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1921-315; Galesus / turneri Nixon / v. carinaticeps / Nixon/ ♂ type 1930 (syntype ♂). Paratype; Port St. John/ Pondoland/ Sept. 1923; S.Africa/ R.E.Turner/ Brit. Mus./ 1923-510; Galesus / turneri Nixon / v. carinaticeps / Nixon/ ♂ paratype 1930/ G.Nixon det. (syntype ♂).
Type locality
South Africa, Western Cape Province, Mossel Bay, but evidently including Eastern Cape Province, Port St Johns.
Remarks
There are one female and two males agreeing with Nixon’s description and labelled by him as Galesus turneri v. carinaticeps. Of these, two are labelled as “type” and the third as “ paratype ”; however, since neither a unique holotype or lectotype has yet been fixed, all of the type series is syntypic (Article 73.2). The specimen labelled as “ paratype ” is from Port St John, not Mossel Bay; however, this appears to be a lapsus by Nixon. It appears he included it in the description since he referred to two males, so it is not excluded here from the type series. The two syntypes labelled as “type” are mounted on card points, the other is mounted on a card.
description: Published as part of Notton, David G., 2014, A catalogue of the types of Diapriinae (Hymenoptera, Diapriidae) at the Natural History Museum, London, pp. 1-123 in European Journal of Taxonomy 75 on page 91, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.75, http://zenodo.org/record/3862773
Exploring the role of epistemic beliefs and self-questioning in student understanding of undergraduate cost accounting
Creators: name: GREGORY PETER VAN MOURIK
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Education
subject: 150105 Management Accounting
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This thesis contributes thinking-centred models of knowledge and learning. Knowledge is modelled as comprising three types of idea indicative of different ways of thinking. Learning is modelled as comprising a range of different types of thinking deployed in each of four phases of a sense-making process. The thesis researches a pedagogy designed to be congruent with these models with the aims of changing students’ beliefs about cost accounting and developing the professional skills to deal with real world uncertainty. Finally, it explores the role and interactions of epistemic beliefs with students’ perceptions and behaviours in response to the redesigned pedagogy.
Analytic Solution for the Revised Helicity Evolution at Small $x$ and Large $N_c$: New Resummed Gluon-Gluon Polarized Anomalous Dimension and Intercept
Creators: name: Borden, Jeremy
name: Kovchegov, Yuri V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an exact analytic solution of the revised small-$x$ helicity evolution equations derived recently. The equations we solve are obtained in the large-$N_c$ limit (with $N_c$ the number of quark colors) and are double-logarithmic (summing powers of $α_s \ln^2(1/x)$ with $α_s$ the strong coupling constant and $x$ the Bjorken $x$ variable). Our solution provides small-$x$, large-$N_c$ expressions for the flavor-singlet quark and gluon helicity parton distribution functions (PDFs) and for the $g_1$ structure function, with their leading small-$x$ asymptotics given by \begin{align} ΔΣ(x, Q^2) \sim ΔG (x, Q^2) \sim g_1 (x, Q^2) \sim \left( \frac{1}{x} \right)^{α_h} , \notag \end{align} where the exact analytic expression we obtain for the intercept $α_h$ can be approximated by $α_h = 3.66074 \, \sqrt{\frac{α_s \, N_c}{2 π}}$. Our solution also yields an all-order (in $α_s$) resummed small-$x$ anomalous dimension $Δγ_{GG} (ω)$ which agrees with all the existing fixed-order calculations (to three loops). Notably, our anomalous dimension is different from that obtained in the infrared evolution equation framework developed earlier by Bartels, Ermolaev, and Ryskin (BER), with the disagreement starting at four loops. Despite the previously reported agreement at two decimal points based on the numerical solution of the same equations, the intercept of our large-$N_c$ helicity evolution and that of BER disagree beyond that precision, with the BER intercept at large $N_c$ given by a different analytic expression from ours with the numerical value of $α_h^{BER} = 3.66394 \, \sqrt{\frac{α_s \, N_c}{2 π}}$. We speculate on the origin of this disagreement.
description: 22 pages, 3 figures
An ABA-GA bistable switch can account for natural variation in the variability of Arabidopsis seed germination time.
Creators: name: Abley, Katie
name: Formosa-Jordan, Pau
name: Tavares, Hugo
name: Chan, Emily Yt
name: Afsharinafar, Mana
name: Leyser, Ottoline
name: Locke, James Cw
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021

description: Genetically identical plants growing in the same conditions can display heterogeneous phenotypes. Here we use Arabidopsis seed germination time as a model system to examine phenotypic variability and its underlying mechanisms. We show extensive variation in seed germination time variability between Arabidopsis accessions and use a multiparent recombinant inbred population to identify two genetic loci involved in this trait. Both loci include genes implicated in modulating abscisic acid (ABA) sensitivity. Mutually antagonistic regulation between ABA, which represses germination, and gibberellic acid (GA), which promotes germination, underlies the decision to germinate and can act as a bistable switch. A simple stochastic model of the ABA-GA network shows that modulating ABA sensitivity can generate the range of germination time distributions we observe experimentally. We validate the model by testing its predictions on the effects of exogenous hormone addition. Our work provides a foundation for understanding the mechanism and functional role of phenotypic variability in germination time.
A technique for constraining the driving scale of turbulence and a modified Chandrasekhar-Fermi method
Creators: name: Cho, Jungyeon
name: Yoo, Hyunju
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Chandrasekhar-Fermi method is a powerful technique for estimating the strength of the mean magnetic field projected on the plane of the sky. In this paper, we present a technique for improving the Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, in which we take into account the averaging effect arising from independent eddies along the line of sight . In the conventional Chandrasekhar-Fermi method, the strength of fluctuating magnetic field divided by $\sqrt{4 π\barρ}$, where $\barρ$ is average density, is assumed to be comparable to the line-of-sight velocity dispersion. This however is not true when the driving scale of turbulence $L_f$, i.e. the outer scale of turbulence, is smaller than the size of the system along the line of sight $L_{los}$. In fact, the conventional Chandrasekhar-Fermi method over-estimates the strength of the mean plane-of-the-sky magnetic field by a factor of $\sim \sqrt{ L_{los}/L_f}$. We show that the standard deviation of centroid velocities divided by the average line-of-sight velocity dispersion is a good measure of $\sqrt{ L_{los}/L_f}$, which enables us to propose a modified Chandrasekhar-Fermi method.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, ApJ accepted