cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
High-Throughput Screening for Small-Molecule Inhibitors of LARG-Stimulated RhoA Nucleotide Binding via a Novel Fluorescence Polarization Assay
Creators: name: Sondek, J.
name: Rojas, R. J.
name: Evelyn, C. R.
name: Ferng, T.
name: Larsen, M. J.
name: Neubig, R. R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Guanine nucleotide-exchange factors (GEFs) stimulate guanine nucleotide exchange and the subsequent activation of Rho-family proteins in response to extracellular stimuli acting upon cytokine, tyrosine kinase, adhesion, integrin, and G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs). Upon Rho activation, several downstream events occur, such as morphological and cytokskeletal changes, motility, growth, survival, and gene transcription. The RhoGEF Leukemia-Associated RhoGEF (LARG) is a member of the Regulators of G-protein Signaling Homology Domain (RH) family of GEFs originally identified as a result of chromosomal translocation in acute myeloid leukemia. Using a novel fluorescence polarization guanine nucleotide binding assay utilizing BODIPY-Texas Red-GTPγS (BODIPY-TR-GTPγS), we performed a ten-thousand compound high-throughput screen for inhibitors of LARG-stimulated RhoA nucleotide binding. Five compounds identified from the high-throughput screen were confirmed in a non-fluorescent radioactive guanine nucleotide binding assay measuring LARG-stimulated [35S] GTPγS binding to RhoA, thus ruling out non-specific fluorescent effects. All five compounds selectively inhibited LARG-stimulated RhoA [35S] GTPγS binding, but had little to no effect upon RhoA or Gαo [35S] GTPγS binding. Therefore, these five compounds should serve as promising starting points for the development of small molecule inhibitors of LARG-mediated nucleotide exchange as both pharmacological tools and therapeutics. In addition, the fluorescence polarization guanine nucleotide binding assay described here should serve as a useful approach for both high-throughput screening and general biological applications.
Quasi-two-dimensional Fermi gases at finite temperature
Creators: name: Fischer, Andrea M.
name: Parish, Meera M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a Fermi gas with short-range attractive interactions that is confined along one direction by a tight harmonic potential. For this quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) Fermi gas, we compute the pressure equation of state, radio frequency spectrum, and the superfluid critical temperature $T_c$ using a mean-field theory that accounts for all the energy levels of the harmonic confinement. Our calculation for $T_c$ provides a natural generalization of the Thouless criterion to the quasi-2D geometry, and it correctly reduces to the 3D expression derived from the local density approximation in the limit where the confinement frequency $ω_z \to 0$. Furthermore, our results suggest that $T_c$ can be enhanced by relaxing the confinement and perturbing away from the 2D limit.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
The impact of oceanic heat transport on the atmospheric circulation
Creators: name: Knietzsch, Marc-Andre
name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Lunkeit, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general circulation model of intermediate complexity with an idealized earthlike aquaplanet setup is used to study the impact of changes in the oceanic heat transport on the global atmospheric circulation. Focus is put on the Lorenz energy cycle and the atmospheric mean meridional circulation. The latter is analysed by means of the Kuo-Eliassen equation. The atmospheric heat transport compensates the imposed oceanic heat transport changes to a large extent in conjunction with significant modification of the general circulation. Up to a maximum about 3PW, an increase of the oceanic heat transport leads to an increase of the global mean near surface temperature and a decrease of its equator-to-pole gradient. For larger transports, the gradient is reduced further but the global mean remains approximately constant. This is linked to a cooling and a reversal of the temperature gradient in the tropics. A larger oceanic heat transport leads to a reduction of all reservoirs and conversions of the Lorenz energy cycle but of different relative magnitude for the individual components. The available potential energy of the zonal mean flow and its conversion to eddy available potential energy are affected most. Both Hadley and Ferrel cell show a decline for increasing oceanic heat transport with the Hadley cell being more sensitive. Both cells exhibit a poleward shift of their maxima, and the Hadley cell broadens for larger oceanic transports. The partitioning by means of the Kuo-Eliassen equation reveals that zonal mean diabatic heating and friction are the most important sources for changes of the Hadley cell while the behaviour of the Ferrell cell is mostly controlled by friction.
Tuning Nonequilibrium Phase Transitions with Inertia
Creators: name: Omar, Ahmad K.
name: Klymko, Katherine
name: GrandPre, Trevor
name: Geissler, Phillip L.
name: Brady, John F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In striking contrast to equilibrium systems, inertia can profoundly alter the structure of active systems. Here, we demonstrate that driven systems can exhibit effective equilibrium-like states with increasing particle inertia, despite rigorously violating the fluctuation-dissipation theorem. Increasing inertia progressively eliminates motility-induced phase separation and restores equilibrium crystallization for active Brownian spheres. This effect appears to be general for a wide class of active systems, including those driven by deterministic time-dependent external fields, whose nonequilibrium patterns ultimately disappear with increasing inertia. The path to this effective equilibrium limit can be complex, with finite inertia sometimes acting to accentuate nonequilibrium transitions. The restoration of near equilibrium statistics can be understood through the conversion of active momentum sources to passive-like stresses. Unlike truly equilibrium systems, the effective temperature is now density dependent, the only remnant of the nonequilibrium dynamics. This density-dependent temperature can in principle introduce departures from equilibrium expectations, particularly in response to strong gradients. Our results provide additional insight into the effective temperature ansatz while revealing a mechanism to tune nonequilibrium phase transitions.
A method for approximating optimal statistical significances with machine-learned likelihoods
Creators: name: Arganda, Ernesto
name: Marcano, Xabier
name: Lozano, Víctor Martín
name: Medina, Anibal D.
name: Perez, Andres D.
name: Szewc, Manuel
name: Szynkman, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine-learning techniques have become fundamental in high-energy physics and, for new physics searches, it is crucial to know their performance in terms of experimental sensitivity, understood as the statistical significance of the signal-plus-background hypothesis over the background-only one. We present here a simple method that combines the power of current machine-learning techniques to face high-dimensional data with the likelihood-based inference tests used in traditional analyses, which allows us to estimate the sensitivity for both discovery and exclusion limits through a single parameter of interest, the signal strength. Based on supervised learning techniques, it can perform well also with high-dimensional data, when traditional techniques cannot. We apply the method to a toy model first, so we can explore its potential, and then to a LHC study of new physics particles in dijet final states. Considering as the optimal statistical significance the one we would obtain if the true generative functions were known, we show that our method provides a better approximation than the usual naive counting experimental results.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures; matches version published in Eur. Phys. J. C
Inhibitors of RecA Activity Discovered by High-Throughput Screening: Cell-Permeable Small Molecules Attenuate the SOS Response in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Smith, G. R.
name: Gromova, A. V.
name: Hadimani, M. B.
name: Hughes, M. A.
name: Wigle, T. J.
name: Singleton, S. F.
name: Sexton, J. Z.
name: Yeh, L.-A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The phenomenon of antibiotic resistance has created a need for the development of novel antibiotic classes with non-classical cellular targets. Unfortunately, target-based drug discovery against proteins considered essential for in vitro bacterial viability has yielded few new therapeutic classes of antibiotics. Targeting the large proportion of genes considered nonessential that have yet to be explored by HTS, e.g., RecA, can complement these efforts. Recent evidence suggests that RecA-controlled processes are responsible for tolerance to antibiotic chemotherapy and are involved in pathways that ultimately lead to full-fledged antibiotic resistance. Therefore inhibitors of RecA may serve as therapeutic adjuvants in combination chemotherapy of bacterial infectious diseases. Towards the goal of validating RecA as a novel target in the chemotherapy of bacterial infections, we have screened 35,780 small molecules against RecA. In total, 80 small molecules were identified as primary hits and could be clustered in six distinct chemotype clades. The most potent class of hits was further examined, and one member compound was found to inhibit RecA-mediated strand exchange and prevent ciprofloxacin-induced SOS expression in Escherichia coli. This compound represents the first small molecule demonstrating an ability to inhibit the bacterial SOS response in live bacterial cell cultures.
SODA: a TypeScript/JavaScript Library for Visualizing Biological Sequence Annotation
Creators: name: Roddy, Jack W.
name: Lesica, George T.
name: Wheeler, Travis J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We present SODA, a lightweight and open-source visualization library for biological sequence annotations that enables straightforward development of flexible, dynamic, and interactive web graphics. SODA is implemented in TypeScript and can be used as a library within TypeScript and JavaScript.
20 cm VLA Radio-Continuum Study of M31 - Images and Point Source Catalogues DR2: Extraction of a supernova remnant sample
Creators: name: Galvin, T. J.
name: Filipovic, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present Data Release 2 of the Point Source Catalogue created from a series of previously constructed radio-continuum images of M31 at lambda=20 cm (nu=1.4 GHz) from archived VLA observations. In total, we identify a collection of 916 unique discrete radio sources across the field of M31. Comparing these detected sources to those listed by Gelfand et al. (2004) at lambda=92 cm, the spectral index of 98 sources has been derived. The majority (73%) of these sources exhibit a spectral index of alpha
Statistical properties of Barkhausen noise in amorphous ferromagnetic films
Creators: name: Bohn, F.
name: Corrêa, M. A.
name: Carara, M.
name: Papanikolaou, S.
name: Durin, G.
name: Sommer, R. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the statistical properties of the Barkhausen noise in amorphous ferromagnetic films with thicknesses in the range between $100$ and $1000$ nm. From Barkhausen noise time series measured with the traditional inductive technique, we perform a wide statistical analysis and establish the scaling exponents $τ$, $α$, $1/σνz$, and $\vartheta$. We also focus on the average shape of the avalanches, which gives further indications on the domain wall dynamics. Based on experimental results, we group the amorphous films in a single universality class, characterized by scaling exponents $τ\sim 1.27$, $α\sim 1.5$, $1/σνz \sim \vartheta \sim 1.77$, values similar to that obtained for several bulk amorphous magnetic materials. Besides, we verify that the avalanche shape depends on the universality class. By considering the theoretical models for the dynamics of a ferromagnetic domain wall driven by an external magnetic field through a disordered medium found in literature, we interpret the results and identify an experimental evidence that these amorphous films, within this thickness range, present a typical three-dimensional magnetic behavior with predominant short-range elastic interactions governing the domain wall dynamics. Moreover, we provide experimental support for the validity of a general scaling form for the average avalanche shape for non-mean-field systems.
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1307.1154
Two Gα i1 Rate-Modifying Mutations Act in Concert to Allow Receptor-Independent, Steady-State Measurements of RGS Protein Activity
Creators: name: Lowery, Robert G.
name: Zielinski, Thomas
name: Siderovski, David P.
name: Hutsell, Stephanie Q.
name: Koeff, Mark D.
name: Kimple, Adam J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: RGS proteins are critical modulators of G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling given their ability to deactivate Gα subunits via “GTPase-accelerating protein” (GAP) activity. Their selectivity for specific GPCRs makes them attractive therapeutic targets. However, measuring GAP activity is complicated by slow GDP release from Gα and lack of solution-phase assays for detecting free GDP in the presence of excess GTP. To overcome these hurdles, we developed a Gαi1 mutant with increased GDP dissociation and decreased GTP hydrolysis, enabling detection of GAP activity using steady-state GTP hydrolysis. Gαi1(R178M/A326S) GTPase activity was stimulated 6~12 fold by RGS proteins known to act on Gαi subunits, and not affected by those unable to act on Gαi, demonstrating that the Gα/RGS domain interaction selectivity was not altered by mutation. Gαi1(R178M/A326S) interacted with RGS proteins with expected binding specificity and affinities. To enable non-radioactive, homogenous detection of RGS protein effects on Gαi1(R178M/A326S), we developed a Transcreener® fluorescence polarization immunoassay based on a monoclonal antibody that recognizes GDP with greater than 100-fold selectivity over GTP. Combining Gαi1(R178M/A326S) with a homogenous, fluorescence-based GDP detection assay provides a facile means to explore the targeting of RGS proteins as a new approach for selective modulation of GPCR signaling.
Handbok and vägledande material för implementeringen av QualiTePE  ramverk och verktyg
Creators: name: Lundvall, Suzanne
name: Fröberg, Andreas
name: Bergentoft, Heléne
name: Crapa, Angelo
name: Langer, Wiebke
name: Herrmann, Christian
name: Gerlach, Erin
name: Cools, Wouter
name: Adamakis, Manolis
name: Slingerland, Menno
name: Borghouts, Lars
name: Costa, João
name: O'Brien, Wesley
name: Lemling, Alina
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Strävan efter kvalitet och excellens har blivit alltmer angeläget i en era av kontinuerlig innovation och förändring. QualiTePE-ramverket tillgodoser detta behov och erbjuder ett heltäckande tillvägagångssätt för att förbättra kvaliteten i undervisningen i ämnet idrott och hälsa (idh).

Den här handboken är en praktisk guide för implementering av QualiTePE:s ramverk och dess verktyg, med avsikt att förbättra dagliga undervisningsmetoder. Det förenklar komplexiteten i att leverera idh av hög kvalitet, ger praktiska insikter, steg-för-steg-vägledning och stöd för att ge individer, team och organisationer möjlighet att nå excellens i idh.
Manipulating Mitochondrial Integrity In a Parkinson's Disease Model
Creators: name: Chen, Jingwei
Publisher: name: Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa
Year: 2022
Subjects: Parkinson's Disease
Mitochondria
Neurodegeneration
Cell Stress
OPA1

description: Mitochondrial dysfunction has been identified as a key factor in the progression of Parkinson's disease. Mitochondrial dysfunction has been shown to induce stress pathways, leading to neuronal dysfunction and cell death. Our lab has previously identified that, in neurons, reconfiguring the mitochondria using supercomplex assembly factors is protective against excitotoxic stress. For this thesis, we sought to characterize the stress pathways and synaptic impairment in an in vitro mitochondrial dysfunction model. Then, to determine if we can rescue the deficits shown, we manipulated mitochondrial integrity using the inner mitochondrial membrane targeted isoform of MCL1, which has previously been shown to regulate cristae structure and mitochondrial supercomplex assembly. We demonstrate that the integrated stress response is activated upon mitochondrial dysfunction. Next, we show mitochondrial dysfunction leads to a downregulation of synaptic genes involved in neurotransmission. Finally, our results show that both the antiapoptotic outer mitochondrial membrane-targeted isoform, and MCL1-Matrix are able to prevent cell death in response to mitochondrial dysfunction; however, MCL1-Matrix confers greater reduction in ISR activation and reactive oxygen species production. These data suggest that manipulating mitochondrial integrity, using MCL1-Matrix, confers a broad protective effect against neuronal stressors and may be used as a novel approach to preventing Parkinson's disease.
Development and Validation of a High-Throughput Intrinsic ATPase Activity Assay for the Discovery of MEKK2 Inhibitors
Creators: name: Johnson, Gary L.
name: Hughes, Mark A.
name: Ahmad, Syed
name: Scott, John E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The kinase MEKK2 (MAP3K2) has recently been implicated in tumor growth and metastasis. Thus, selective inhibition of MEKK2 may be a novel strategy for cancer therapy. In order to identify inhibitors of MEKK2 kinase activity, we have developed a novel activity assay for MEKK2 based on the discovery that recombinant purified MEKK2 has intrinsic ATPase activity. This MEKK2 ATPase assay was validated for enzyme identity and enzymatic purity by multiple methods including mass spectrometry analysis, testing different sources of MEKK2 and comparing ATPase assay IC50 data for multiple inhibitors to literature values and to IC50 data generated using MEKK2 binding and transphosphorylation assays. Taken together, these data indicated that genuine MEKK2 activity was being measured in this assay and no other ATPases contributed to the signal. A miniaturized version of the assay was validated for high throughput screening and compound libraries were screened. The screening hits generated comparable potencies in the MEKK2 intrinsic ATPase, binding and transphosphorylation assays. We identified a novel MEKK2 inhibitor and confirmed that crizotinib and bosutinib are potent in vitro inhibitors of MEKK2 activity with IC50 values of <100 nM. Thus, this assay has utility for the discovery of small molecule inhibitors of MEKK2 activity.
Highly anisotropic geometrical Hall effect via f-d exchange fields in doped pyrochlore molybdates
Creators: name: Fukuda, Hikaru
name: Ueda, Kentaro
name: Kaneko, Yoshio
name: Kurihara, Ryosuke
name: Miyake, Atsushi
name: Karube, Kosuke
name: Tokunaga, Masashi
name: Taguchi, Yasujiro
name: Tokura, Yoshinori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When a conduction electron couples with a non-coplanar localized magnetic moment, the realspace Berry curvature is exerted to cause the geometrical Hall effect, which is not simply proportional to the magnetization. So far, it has been identified in the case mostly where the non-coplanar magnetic order is present on the sublattice of conduction electrons. Here, we demonstrate that the geometrical Hall effect shows up even without long-range magnetic order of conduction electrons, as induced by non-coplanar exchange fields from the localized magnetic moments, in hole-doped phyrochlore molybdates. We find that the geometrical Hall effect is markedly anisotropic with respect to the applied magnetic field direction, which is in good accordance with the field-dependent magnitude and sign change of the real-space scalar spin chirality of local Tb moments. These results may facilitate the understanding of emergent electromagnetic responses induced by the Kondo-like coupling between conduction electrons and local spins in a broad material class.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Completely m-full ideals and componentwise linear ideals
Creators: name: Harima, Tadahito
name: Watanabe, Junzo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We show that the class of completely m-full ideals coincides with the class of componentwise linear ideals in a polynomial ring over an infinite field.
description: 12 pages
Contribution of exclusive $(π^0π^0, π^0η, ηη)γ$ channels to the leading order HVP of the muon $g-2$
Creators: name: Gutiérrez-Santiago, J. L.
name: López-Castro, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We evaluate the contributions of $(π^0π^0, π^0η, ηη)γ$ exclusive channels to the dispersion integral of the leading order HVP of the muon anomalous magnetic moment. These channels are included in some way in previous evaluations of the $π^0ω, ηω$ and $ηϕ$ contributions to $a_μ^{\rm had, LO}$, where the vector resonances (decaying into $π^0/η+ γ$) are assumed to be on-shell. Since the separation of resonance and background contributions in a given observable is, in general, a model-dependent procedure, here we use pseudoscalar mesons and the photon as the $in$ and $out$ states of the $e^+e^- \to (π^0π^0, π^0η, ηη)γ$ $S$-matrix, such that the cross section contains the interferences among different contributing to the amplitudes. We find $a^{\rm had, LO}_μ(P^0_1P^0_2γ)=(1.13\pm 0.13 ) \times 10^{-10}$, where uncertainties stem mainly from vector meson dominance model parameters. Improved experimental studies of these exclusive channels in the whole range below 2 GeV would reduce model-dependency.
Nontrivial quantum geometry of degenerate flat bands
Creators: name: Mera, Bruno
name: Mitscherling, Johannes
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The importance of the quantum metric in flat-band systems has been noticed recently in many contexts such as the superfluid stiffness, the dc electrical conductivity, and ideal Chern insulators. Both the quantum metric of degenerate and nondegenerate bands can be naturally described via the geometry of different Grassmannian manifolds, specific to the band degeneracies. Contrary to the (Abelian) Berry curvature, the quantum metric of a degenerate band resulting from the collapse of a collection of bands is not simply the sum of the individual quantum metrics. We provide a physical interpretation of this phenomenon in terms of transition dipole matrix elements between two bands. By considering a toy model, we show that the quantum metric gets enhanced, reduced, or remains unaffected depending on which bands collapse. The dc longitudinal conductivity and the superfluid stiffness are known to be proportional to the quantum metric for flat-band systems, which makes them suitable candidates for the observation of this phenomenon.
description: 6+15 pages (including Supplemental Material), 2+2 figures; closer to published version
Two New Halo Debris Streams in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey
Creators: name: Grillmair, Carl J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using photometry from Data Release 10 of the northern footprint of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey, we detect two new stellar streams with lengths of between $25\arcdeg$ and $50\arcdeg$. The streams, which we designate Hermus and Hyllus, are at distances of between 15 and 23 kpc from the Sun and pass primarily through Hercules and Corona Borealis. Stars in the streams appear to be metal poor, with [Fe/H] $\sim -2.3$, though we cannot rule out metallicities as high as [Fe/H] = -1.2. While Hermus passes within $1\arcdeg$ (in projection) of the globular cluster NGC 6229, a roughly one magnitude difference in distance modulus, combined with no signs of connecting with NGC 6229's Roche lobe, argue against any physical association between the two. Though the two streams almost certainly had different progenitors, similarities in preliminary orbit estimates suggest that those progenitors may themselves have been a product of a single accretion event.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Thermodynamics of Quantum Measurement and the Demon's Arrow of Time
Creators: name: Yanik, Kagan
name: Bhandari, Bibek
name: Manikandan, Sreenath K.
name: Jordan, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the thermodynamic aspects of a single qubit based device, powered by weak quantum measurements, and feedback controlled by a quantum Maxwell's demon. We discuss both discrete and time-continuous operation of the measurement based device at finite temperature of the reservoir. In the discrete example where a demon acquires information via discrete weak measurements, we find that the thermodynamic variables including the heat exchanged, extractable work, and the entropy produced are completely determined by an information theoretic measure of the demon's perceived arrow of time. We also discuss a realistic time-continuous operation of the device where the feedback is applied after a sequence of weak measurements. In the time-continuous limit, we derive the exact finite-time statistics of work, heat and entropy changes along individual quantum trajectories of the quantum measurement process, and relate them to the demon's arrow of time.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
10 key problems in stellar dynamics: in retrospect
Creators: name: Gurzadyan, V. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This list of 10 problems and their subsequent discussion by prominent scholars at the workshop in Geneva Observatory, 1993, were published in Lecture Notes in Physics, 1994, not too reachable now. The problems cover Theory, Computer Simulations (including regarding Lyapunov exponents and the search of codes radically differing from standard N-body ones) and Observations. The elapsed 20 year period enables to reveal the occurred developments, if any, on each problem and the validity of predictions made by experts.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Addressable quantum gates
Creators: name: Arrighi, Pablo
name: Cedzich, Christopher
name: Costes, Marin
name: Rémond, Ulysse
name: Valiron, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We extend the circuit model of quantum computation so that the wiring between gates is soft-coded within registers inside the gates. The addresses in these registers can be manipulated and put into superpositions. This aims at capturing indefinite causal orders and making their geometrical layout explicit: we express the quantum switch and the polarizing beam-splitter within the model. In this context, our main contribution is a full characterization of the anonymity constraints. Indeed, the names used as addresses should not matter beyond the wiring they describe, i.e. quantum evolutions should commute with "renamings". We show that these quantum evolutions can still act non-trivially upon the names. We specify the structure of "nameblind" matrices.
description: 40 pages, 16 figures, published version
Über Ärztemoral im Krieg und internationales Ärzterecht (19.10.1953)
Creators: name: Pius XII., Papst
Publisher: name: Herder Korrespondenz
Year: 1970

description: Herder Korrespondenz, Bd. 8 Nr. 3 (1953): Herder Korrespondenz, Band 8, Heft 3
Gauge Invariance and Equations of Motion for Closed String Modes
Creators: name: Sathiapalan, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We continue earlier discussions on the exact renormalization group and loop variables on the string world sheet for closed and open string backgrounds. The world sheet action with a UV regulator is written in a generally background covariant way by introducing a background metric. It is shown that the renormalization group gives background covariant equations of motion - this is the gauge invariance of the graviton. Interaction is written in terms of gauge invariant and generally covariant field strength tensors. The basic idea is to work in Riemann normal coordinates and covariantize the final equation. It turns out that the equations for massive modes are gauge invariant only if the space time curvature of the (arbitrary) background is zero. The exact RG equations give quadratic equations of motion for all the modes {\em including} the physical graviton. The level $(2,\bar 2)$ massive field equations are used to illustrate the techniques. At this level there are mixed symmetry tensors. Gauge invariant interacting equations can be written down. In flat space an action can also be written for the free theory.
description: 41 pages
Heterogeneous Treatment Effect Estimation using machine learning for Healthcare application: tutorial and benchmark
Creators: name: Ling, Yaobin
name: Upadhyaya, Pulakesh
name: Chen, Luyao
name: Jiang, Xiaoqian
name: Kim, Yejin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Developing new drugs for target diseases is a time-consuming and expensive task, drug repurposing has become a popular topic in the drug development field. As much health claim data become available, many studies have been conducted on the data. The real-world data is noisy, sparse, and has many confounding factors. In addition, many studies have shown that drugs effects are heterogeneous among the population. Lots of advanced machine learning models about estimating heterogeneous treatment effects (HTE) have emerged in recent years, and have been applied to in econometrics and machine learning communities. These studies acknowledge medicine and drug development as the main application area, but there has been limited translational research from the HTE methodology to drug development. We aim to introduce the HTE methodology to the healthcare area and provide feasibility consideration when translating the methodology with benchmark experiments on healthcare administrative claim data. Also, we want to use benchmark experiments to show how to interpret and evaluate the model when it is applied to healthcare research. By introducing the recent HTE techniques to a broad readership in biomedical informatics communities, we expect to promote the wide adoption of causal inference using machine learning. We also expect to provide the feasibility of HTE for personalized drug effectiveness.
description: 52 pages, 8 figures
Complementarity and causal propagation of decoherence by measurement in relativistic quantum field theories
Creators: name: Hidaka, Yoshimasa
name: Iso, Satoshi
name: Shimada, Kengo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement generation by Newtonian gravitational potential between objects has been widely discussed to reveal the quantum nature of gravity. In this paper, we perform a quantum field theoretical analysis of a slightly modified version of the gedanken experiment by Mari and co-workers. We show that decoherence due to the presence of a detector propagates with the speed of light in terms of a retarded Green's function, as it should be consistent with causality of relativistic field theories. The quantum nature of fields, such as quantum fluctuations or emission of gravitons expressed in terms of the Keldysh Green's function also play important roles in the mechanism of decoherence due to on-shell particle creation. We also discuss the trade-off relation between the visibility of the interference and the distinguishability of the measurement, known as the wave particle duality, in our setup.
description: Version published in PRD
High-Throughput Screen Identifies Cyclic Nucleotide Analogs That Inhibit Prostatic Acid Phosphatase
Creators: name: Mott, Bryan T.
name: McCoy, Eric S.
name: Jadhav, Ajit
name: Zylka, Mark J.
name: Maloney, David J.
name: Simeonov, Anton
name: Lea, Wendy A.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The secretory and transmembrane isoforms of Prostatic acid phosphatase (PAP) can dephosphorylate extracellular adenosine 5′-monophosphate (AMP) to adenosine, classifying PAP as an ectonucleotidase. Currently, there are no compounds that inhibit PAP in living cells. To identify small molecule modulators of PAP, we used a 1,536-well based quantitative high-throughput fluorogenic assay to screen the Library of Pharmacologically Active Compounds (LOPAC1280) arrayed as eight-concentration dilution series. This fluorogenic assay used difluoro-4-methylumbelliferyl phosphate (DiFMUP) as substrate and collected data in kinetic mode. Candidate hits were subsequently tested in an orthogonal absorbance-based biochemical assay that used AMP as substrate. From these initial screens, three inhibitors of secretory human (h) and mouse (m)PAP were identified: 8-(4-chlorophenylthio) cAMP (pCPT-cAMP), calmidazolium chloride and nalidixic acid. These compounds did not inhibit recombinant alkaline phosphatase. Of these compounds, only pCPT-cAMP and a related cyclic nucleotide analog [8-(4-chlorophenylthio) cGMP; pCPT-cGMP] inhibited the ectonucleotidase activity of transmembrane PAP in a cell-based assay. These cyclic nucleotides are structurally similar to AMP but cannot be hydrolyzed by PAP. In summary, we identified two cyclic nucleotide analogs that inhibit secretory and transmembrane PAP in vitro and in live cells.
THE EFFECTS OF CULTURAL DIMENSIONS ON SERVICE QUALITY
CUSTOMER ENGAGEMENT
CUSTOMER SATISFACTION AND CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN MULTI-NATIONAL AIRLINE SECTORS
Creators: name: Umawasee SRIBOONLUE
Publisher: name: Asian Administration and Management Review
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cultural Dimensions
Service Quality
Customer Engagement
Satisfacton
Loyalty

description: Asian Administration and Management Review, 5, 2, 12-23
Asymptotic stability of solitary waves for the 1D cubic-quintic Schrödinger equation with no internal mode
Creators: name: Martel, Yvan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For the Schrödinger equation with a cubic-quintic, focusing-defocusing nonlinearity in one space dimension, we prove the asymptotic stability of solitary waves for a large range of admissible frequencies. For this model, the linearized problem around the solitary waves does not have internal mode nor resonance.
Inhibitors of Streptococcus pneumoniae Surface Endonuclease EndA Discovered by High-Throughput Screening Using a PicoGreen Fluorescence Assay
Creators: name: Peterson, Eliza J. R.
name: Midon, Marika
name: Janzen, William P.
name: Singleton, Scott F.
name: Pingoud, Alfred
name: Pedersen, Lars C.
name: Moon, Andrea F.
name: Kireev, Dmitri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The human commensal pathogen, Streptococcus pneumoniae, expresses a number of virulence factors that promote serious pneumococcal diseases, resulting in significant morbidity and mortality worldwide. These virulence factors may give S. pneumoniae the capacity to escape immune defenses, resist antimicrobial agents, or a combination of both. Virulence factors also present possible points of therapeutic intervention. The activities of the surface endonuclease, EndA, allow S. pneumoniae to establish invasive pneumococcal infection. EndA’s role in DNA uptake during transformation contributes to gene transfer and genetic diversitifcation. Moreover, EndA’s nuclease activity degrades the DNA backbone of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), allowing pneumococcus to escape host immune responses. Given its potential impact on pneumococcal pathogenicity, EndA is an attractive target for novel antimicrobial therapy. Herein, we describe the development of a high-throughput screening assay for the discovery of nuclease inhibitors. Nuclease-mediated digestion of double-stranded DNA was assessed using fluorescence intensity changes of the DNA dye ligand, PicoGreen. Under optimized conditions, the assay provided robust and reproducible activity data (Z'=0.87) and was used to screen 4727 small molecules against an imidazole-rescued variant of EndA. In total, 10 small molecules were confirmed as novel EndA inhibitors that may have utility as research tools for understanding pneumococcal pathogenesis, and ultimately drug discovery.
Development of a High-Throughput Screening Assay to Identify Inhibitors of the Lipid Kinase PIP5K1C
Creators: name: Janzen, William P.
name: Zylka, Mark J.
name: Wright, Brittany D.
name: Hull-Ryde, Emily A.
name: Stashko, Michael
name: Simpson, Catherine
name: Kireev, Dmitri
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: Phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases (PIP5Ks) regulate a variety of cellular processes including signaling through G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), endocytosis, exocytosis, and cell migration. These lipid kinases synthesize phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) from phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate [PI(4)P]. Since small molecule inhibitors of these lipid kinases did not exist, molecular and genetic approaches were predominantly used to study PIP5K1 regulation of these cellular processes. Moreover, standard radioisotope-based lipid kinase assays cannot be easily adapted for high-throughput screening. Here, we report a novel high-throughput microfluidic mobility shift assay to identify inhibitors of PIP5K1C. This assay utilizes fluorescently labeled phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate as the substrate and recombinant human PIP5K1C. Our assay exhibited high reproducibility, had a calculated ATP Km of 15 µM, performed with z’ values >0.7, and was used to screen a kinase-focused library of ~4,700 compounds. From this screen, we identified several potent inhibitors of PIP5K1C, including UNC3230, a compound that we recently found can reduce nociceptive sensitization in animal models of chronic pain. This novel assay will allow continued drug discovery efforts for PIP5K1C and can be easily adapted to screen additional lipid kinases.
Magnetic Alignment of Microelements Containing Cultured Neuronal Networks for High-Throughput Screening
Creators: name: Gordon, Kent R.
name: Taylor, Anne Marion
name: Wang, Yuli
name: Allbritton, Nancy L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015

description: High-throughput screening (HTS) on neurons presents unique difficulties because they are postmitotic, limited in supply, and challenging to harvest from animals or generate from stem cells. These limitations have hindered neurological drug discovery, leaving an unmet need to develop cost-effective technology for HTS using neurons. Traditional screening methods use up to 20,000 neurons per well in 384-well plates. To increase throughput, we use “microraft” arrays, consisting of 1600 square, releasable, paramagnetic, polystyrene microelements (microrafts), each providing a culture surface for 500–700 neurons. These microrafts can be detached from the array and transferred to 384-well plates for HTS; however, they must be centered within wells for automated imaging. Here, we developed a magnet array plate, compatible with HTS fluid-handling systems, to center microrafts within wells. We used finite element analysis to select an effective size of the magnets and confirmed that adjacent magnetic fields do not interfere. We then experimentally tested the plate’s centering ability and found a centering efficiency of 100%, compared with 4.35% using a flat magnet. We concluded that microrafts could be centered after settling randomly within the well, overcoming friction, and confirmed these results by centering microrafts containing hippocampal neurons cultured for 8 days.
Two ultracold highly magnetic atoms in a one-dimensional harmonic trap
Creators: name: Suchorowski, Michał
name: Dawid, Anna
name: Tomza, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the properties of two interacting ultracold highly magnetic atoms trapped in a one-dimensional harmonic potential. The atoms interact via an anisotropic long-range dipole-dipole interaction, which in one dimension effectively can be modeled by the contact interaction. We investigate the interplay of the external magnetic field, the spin-spin interaction, and the trapping potential and how they affect the magnetization of the system. We show the role of indistinguishability and symmetries in the dynamics by studying the time evolution of the observables that could be measured experimentally. The presented model may depict the on-site interaction of the extended Hubbard models, therefore giving a better understanding of the fundamental building block of the respective many-body quantum simulators.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
CORPORATE LANGUAGE TO REVEAL RELATIONSHIP-ORIENTED CULTURAL DIFFERENCE ACCEPTANCE INFLUENCING COMMUNICATION PERFORMANCE: ELECTRONIC INDUSTRY EMPLOYEES
Creators: name: Bubpha THANUTTAMANON
Publisher: name: Asian Administration and Management Review
Year: 2022
Subjects: Corporate Language
Relationship-Oriented Cultural Difference Acceptance
Communication Performance
Electronic Industry Employees

description: Asian Administration and Management Review, 5, 2, 24-36
Learning What to Memorize: Using Intrinsic Motivation to Form Useful Memory in Partially Observable Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Demir, Alper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reinforcement Learning faces an important challenge in partial observable environments that has long-term dependencies. In order to learn in an ambiguous environment, an agent has to keep previous perceptions in a memory. Earlier memory based approaches use a fixed method to determine what to keep in the memory, which limits them to certain problems. In this study, we follow the idea of giving the control of the memory to the agent by allowing it to have memory-changing actions. This learning mechanism is supported by an intrinsic motivation to memorize rare observations that can help the agent to disambiguate its state in the environment. Our approach is experimented and analyzed on several partial observable tasks with long-term dependencies and compared with other memory based methods.
description: Acknowledgements are added. Appl Intell (2023)
Managed aquifer recharge as an integrated water resource management tool a case study in semi-arid Sudan
Creators: name: Hassan Mohamed Elamen, Mohamed
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 40603 Hydrogeology
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: Documentation of the use of Managed Aquifer Recharge (MAR) to improve access to water in eastern Sudan through a community-led IWRM development program. Presented at the 10th International Symposium on Managed Aquifer Recharge (ISMAR10)
Outcome- and Auxiliary-Dependent Subsampling and Its Statistical Inference
Creators: name: Zhou, Haibo
name: Wang, Xiaofei
name: Wu, Yougui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: The performance of a biomarker predicting clinical outcome is often evaluated in a large prospective study. Due to high costs associated with bioassay, investigators need to select a subset from all available patients for biomarker assessment. We consider an outcome- and auxiliary-dependent subsampling (OADS) scheme, in which the probability of selecting a patient into the subset depends on the patient’s clinical outcome and an auxiliary variable. We proposed a semiparametric empirical likelihood method to estimate the association between biomarker and clinical outcome. Asymptotic properties of the estimator are given. Simulation study shows that the proposed method outperforms alternative methods.
Size dependent crush analysis of lithium orthosilicate pebbles
Creators: name: Annabattula, Ratna Kumar
name: Kolb, Matthias
name: Gan, Yixiang
name: Rolli, Rolf
name: Kamlah, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Crushing strength of the breeder materials (lithium orthosilicate, $\rm{Li_4SiO_4}$ or OSi) in the form of pebbles to be used for EU solid breeder concept is investigated. The pebbles are fabricated using a melt-spray method and hence a size variation in the pebbles produced is expected. The knowledge of the mechanical integrity (crush strength) of the pebbles is important for a successful design of breeder blanket. In this paper, we present the experimental results of the crush (failure) loads for spherical OSi pebbles of different diameters ranging from $250~μ$m to $800~μ$m. The ultimate failure load for each size shows a Weibull distribution. Furthermore, the mean crush load increases with increase in pebble diameter. It is also observed that the level of opacity of the pebble influences the crush load significantly. The experimental data presented in this paper and the associated analysis could possibly help us to develop a framework for simulating a crushable polydisperse pebble assembly using discrete element method.
description: 4 Figures, 8 pages