cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Automated Source Classification using a Kohonen Network
Creators: name: Mahonen, Petri
name: Hakala, Pasi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report progress in the development of automatic star/galaxy classifier for processing images generated by large galaxy surveys like APM. Our classification method is based on neural networks using the Kohonen Self-Organizing Map approach. Our method is novel, since it does not need supervised learning, i.e. human factor, in training. The analysis presented here concentrates on separating point sources (stars) from extended ones. Using simple numerical experiments we compare our method of image classification to the more traditional (PSF-fitting) approach of DAOFIND.
description: 10 pages, self-unpacking uuencoded postscript, with 4 figures
Capra pygmea Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Capra
Capra pygmea

description: Capra pygmea [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus teretibus conicis obtusis curvis: latere incurvato rugoso.
Capra pedibus digito humano angustioribus. Syst. nat. 14. n. 4.
Cervus pusillus guineensis. Seb. mus. 1. p. 10. t. 43. f. 3.
Habitat in Guinea, India.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 69, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Thermally-driven Neutron Star Glitches
Creators: name: Link, B.
name: Epstein, R. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the thermal and dynamical response of a neutron star to a sudden perturbation of the inner crust temperature. During the star's evolution, starquakes and other processes may deposit $\gap 10^{42}$ ergs, causing significant internal heating and increased frictional coupling between the crust and the more rapidly rotating neutron superfluid the star is expected to contain. Through numerical simulation we study the propagation of the thermal wave created by the energy deposition, the induced motion of the interior superfluid, and the resulting spin evolution of the crust. We find that energy depositions of $\sim 10^{40}$ ergs produce gradual spin-ups above the timing noise level, while larger energy depositions produce sudden spin jumps resembling pulsar glitches. For a star with a temperature in the observed range of the Vela pulsar, an energy deposition of $\sim 10^{42}$ ergs produces a large spin-up taking place over minutes, similar to the Vela ``Christmas'' glitch. Comparable energy deposition in a younger and hotter ``Crab-like'' star produces a smaller spin-up taking place over $\sim 1$ day, similar to that seen during the partially time-resolved Crab glitch of 1989.
description: 21 pages plus 17 figures, uuencode compressed Postscript. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Discovery and Broad-band Follow-up of the Transient Afterglow of GRB 980703
Creators: name: Bloom, J. S.
name: Frail, D. A.
name: Kulkarni, S. R.
name: Djorgovski, S. G.
name: Halpern, J. P.
name: Marzke, R. O.
name: Patton, D. R.
name: Oke, J. B.
name: Horne, K. D.
name: Gomer, R.
name: Goodrich, R.
name: Campbell, R.
name: Moriarty-Schieven, G. H.
name: Redman, R. O.
name: Feldman, P. A.
name: Costa, E.
name: Masetti, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the discovery of the radio, infrared and optical transient coincident with an X-ray transient proposed to be the afterglow of GRB 980703. At later times when the transient has faded below detection, we see an underlying galaxy with R=22.6; this galaxy is the brightest host galaxy (by nearly 2 magnitudes) of any cosmological GRB thus far. In keeping with an established trend, the GRB is not significantly offset from the host galaxy. Interpreting the multi-wavelength data in the framework of the popular fireball model requires that the synchrotron cooling break was between the optical and X-ray bands on July 8.5 UT and that the intrinsic extinction of the transient is Av=0.9. This is somewhat higher than the extinction for the galaxy as a whole, as estimated from spectroscopy.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, and 2 tables. Submitted to the Astrophysical Journal Letters on 27 August 1998
Resonance Oscillation Of Radiative Shock Waves In Accretion Disks Around Compact Objects
Creators: name: Molteni, Diego M.
name: Sponholz, H.
name: Chakrabarti, Sandip K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend our previous numerical simulation of accretion disks with shock waves when cooling effects are also included. We consider bremsstrahlung and other power law processes: $Λ\propto T^α ρ^2$ to mimic cooling in our simulation. We employ {\it Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics} technique as in the past. We observe that for a given angular momentum of the flow, the shock wave undergoes a steady, radial oscillation with the period is roughly equal to the cooling time. Oscillations seem to take place when the disk and cooling parameters (i.e., accretion rate, cooling process) are such that the infall time from shock is of the same order as the post-shock cooling time. The amplitude of oscillation could be up to ten percent of the distance of the shock wave from the black hole when the black hole is accreting. When the accretion is impossible due to the centrifugal barrier, the amplitude variation could be much larger. Due to the oscillation, the energy output from the disk is also seen to vary quasi-periodically. We believe that these oscillations might be responsible for the quasi periodic oscillation (QPO) behaviors seen in several black hole candidates, in neutron star systems as well as dwarf novae outbursts such as SS Cygni and VW Hyi.
description: 24 pages of text plus 6 figures (in tar-compressed form); Astrophysical journal (in press)
Additional file 4: of A theory-based multi-component intervention to increase reactive balance measurement by physiotherapists in three rehabilitation hospitals: an uncontrolled single group study
Creators: name: Sibley, Kathryn
name: Bentley, Danielle
name: Salbach, Nancy
name: Gardner, Paula
name: McGlynn, Mandy
name: OâHoski, Sachi
name: Shaffer, Jennifer
name: Shing, Paula
name: McEwen, Sara
name: Beauchamp, Marla
name: Hossain, Saima
name: Straus, Sharon
name: Jaglal, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Health record characteristics. (DOC 42 kb)
Additional file 1: of Society for Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (SCMR) expert consensus for CMR imaging endpoints in clinical research: part I - analytical validation and clinical qualification
Creators: name: Puntmann, Valentina
name: Valbuena, Silvia
name: Rocio Hinojar
name: Petersen, Steffen
name: Greenwood, John
name: Kramer, Christopher
name: Kwong, Raymond
name: McCann, Gerry
name: Berry, Colin
name: Nagel, Eike
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Ventricular volumes and function. Table 3i.1: Validation ex-vivo CMR cine imaging for ventricular volumes, mass and function. Table 3i.2: Reproducibility of the measurement of LV and RV in healthy volunteers. Tables 3i.3: Normal values. Table 3i.4: Outcomes studies against clinical endpoints for LV (Table A) and RV (Table B) function, mass or volumes. Table 3ii.1: Validation studies and comparative studies of strain imaging. Table 3ii.2. Reproducibility values reported for main strain measurements. Table 3ii.3: Normal values reported by different studies for main strain measurements. Table 3ii.4: Outcome studies for RWMA and strain parameters. (DOCX 101 kb)
Instability of De Sitter Spacetime induced by Quantum Conformal Anomaly
Creators: name: Matsui, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The instability of (quasi) de Sitter spacetime from quantum gravitational effects has been discussed in many works. Especially, the gravitational backreaction from quantum energy momentum tensor is crucial for understanding the low-energy description of quantum gravity and sometimes destabilize the spacetime. In this paper we discuss the (quasi) de Sitter instability from gravitational backreaction involving quantum conformal anomaly. The conformal or trace anomaly corresponds to the quantum gravitational contributions of the massless conformal fields and affects the spacetime homogeneously. First, we derive the conformal anomaly using the adiabatic (WKB) approximation and discuss the renormalization of the quantum energy momentum tensor. Then, we consider the dynamics of the Hubble parameter based on the semiclassical Einstein's equations including the cosmological constant, the conformal anomaly and the higher-derivative terms. We have clearly shown that the classical de Sitter attractor $H_{\mathrm{C}} \simeq \sqrt{Λ/{3}}$ are generally unstable from the viewpoint of the semiclassical gravity and the inflation is destabilized except for the specific conditions. Unless the fine-tuning of the conformal anomaly and the higher derivative terms, the inflation finally becomes the Planckian inflation with the Hubble scale $H \approx M_{\rm P}\equiv \sqrt{1/8πG_{N}}$ or terminates $H(t) \rightarrow 0$. The latter case suggests that the cosmic inflation could not last long and the eternal inflation scenarios are strongly constrained.
description: 30 pages, 9 figures, references added, version accepted for publication in JCAP
Numerical simulations of transitional and particle-laden viscoelastic flows
Creators: name: Lee, Sang Jin
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: The foundation for fully resolved simulations of particle-laden viscoelastic flows is presented, with detailed assessment of its various elements. The predictive capability of the viscoelastic algorithm is demonstrated in a detailed study of natural transition to turbulence in channel flow. The computations start from infinitesimally small Tollmien-Schlichting (TS) waves and track the development of the instability from the early linear stages through nonlinear amplification, secondary instability and full breakdown to turbulence. At low elasticity, the primary TS wave is more unstable than the Newtonian counterpart, and its secondary instability involves the generation of Λ-structures which are narrower in the span. As elasticity increases, the growth rate of the primary TS wave is weaker than the Newtonian value, and the spanwise size of the secondary instability becomes wider, with weaker ejection and without hairpin packets. All viscoelastic flows considered finally reach a drag-reduced turbulent state via different routes to breakdown to turbulence. Notably, at high elasticity, streamwise elongated streaks are formed and break down to turbulence via secondary instability rather than cascading hairpin packets. With the viscoelastic algorithm established, the focus is shifted to particle-laden configurations. An immersed boundary method is adopted, where the particle geometry does not conform to the grid. However, all flow scales related to the motion of particle are resolved. The no-slip condition is enforced via momentum forcing and mass conservation is ensured by introducing a mass source term. An iterative force evaluation is derived for semi-implicit discretisations of the Navier-Stokes equations, which reduces the diffusive errors near the immersed boundary. As for inter-particle interactions, the immersed boundary method is complemented with two mechanical models: a soft-sphere or repulsive potential models for particle collision and, for Newtonian fluids, a lubrication model that captures the unresolved approaching motion prior and after the collision. A number of flow simulations are presented to assess the performance of the numerical algorithm.
On the stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equations with non-smooth additive noise
Creators: name: Oh, Tadahiro
name: Pocovnicu, Oana
name: Wang, Yuzhao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 60H30

description: We study the stochastic nonlinear Schrödinger equations with additive stochastic forcing. By using the dispersive estimate, we present a simple argument, constructing a unique local-in-time solution with rougher stochastic forcing than those considered in the literature.
description: 14 pages. To appear in Kyoto J. Math
Capra gazella Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Capra
Capra gazella

description: Capra gazella [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus teretibus rectissimis longissimis: basi annulatis. Syst. nat. 14. n. 8.
Gazella indica, cornibus rectis longissimis nigris prope caput tantum annulatis. Raj. quadr. 79.
Habitat in India.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 69, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Capra cervicapra Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Capra
Capra cervicapra

description: Capra cervicapra [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus teretibus dimidiato-annulatis contortis. Syst. nat. 14. n. 7.
Gazella africana. Raj. quadr. 79.
Capri-Cerva. Kaemph. amoen. 398. t. 407. f. 1.
Habitat in India, Asia.
Color Capreoli, ventre albo, Cauda nigra.
Bezoar orientale saepe in hujus quarto ventriculo.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 69, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
New limits on a cosmological constant from statistics of gravitational lensing
Creators: name: Chiba, Masashi
name: Yoshii, Yuzuru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new limits on cosmological parameters from the statistics of gravitational lensing, based on the recently revised knowledge of the luminosity function and internal dynamics of E/S0 galaxies that are essential in lensing high-redshift QSOs. We find that the lens models using updated Schechter parameters for such galaxies, derived from the recent redshift surveys combined with morphological classification, are found to give smaller lensing probabilities than earlier calculated. Inconsistent adoption of these parameters from a mixture of various galaxy surveys gives rise to systematic biases in the results. We also show that less compact dwarf-type galaxies which largely dominate the faint part of the Schechter-form luminosity function contribute little to lensing probabilities, so that earlier lens models overestimate incidents of small separation lenses. Applications of the lens models to the existing lens surveys indicate that reproduction of both the lensing probability of optical sources and the image separations of optical and radio lenses is significantly improved in the revised lens models. The likelihood analyses allow us to conclude that a flat universe with Omega=0.3(+0.2-0.1) and Omega+Lambda=1 is most preferable, and a matter-dominated flat universe with Lambda=0 is ruled out at 98 % confidence level. These new limits are unaffected by inclusion of uncertainties in the lens properties.
description: 30 pages, 9 ps figures, AASTeX, ApJ in press
Using simulation to enhance readiness among medical emergency response team members at an elementary school
Creators: name: Bukong-Tawe, Wawa A
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2024

description: Purpose of Project: The safety of students and staff of an elementary school in medical crisis is dependent on readiness of the Medical Emergency Response Team (MERT), which might be jeopardized by infrequent training. To improve the readiness of the MERT to react to medical crisis/drills, monthly instead of annual drills were implemented for three months. This project sought to improve participants' skills, confidence, coordination, and response time in dealing with crucial medical situations at the school.Methodology: After IRB approval, ten participants volunteered and were informed of the purpose of the study, they completed a pre-General Self-Efficacy (GSE) scale. Participants received training on First aid and Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Monthly MERT drills were conducted for three months before the post-GSE scale was completed. A comparison of the pre-and post-GSE data provided an understanding of participants' readiness perceptions, experiences, and suggestions. The school-based Automated External Defibrillator (AED) checklist was used at each drill to assess protocol adherence, response time, and performance.Results: The findings of this project showed a faster, more efficient, and more organized response to the drills as participants became more familiar with the protocol, roles, and responsibilities. There was also an improvement in their self-perception, which boosted their confidence to react to medical crises/drills. A significant improvement was seen in the participant's communication and teamwork. The intervention had a meaningful impact, resulting in higher post-GSE scores than the pre-GSE, with a p-value of 0.012.Implication for Practice: The outcome of this project highlights the importance of regular drills to improve the readiness of the MERT to address medical crises in a school setting. Recommendations from this study will guide the development of policies in the school setting, thereby creating a safer school environment for students and staff.
The strong correlation between post-starburst fraction and environment
Creators: name: Paccagnella, A.
name: Vulcani, B.
name: Poggianti, B. M.
name: Moretti, A.
name: Fritz, J.
name: Gullieuszik, M.
name: Fasano, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine a magnitude limited (M_B< -18.7) sample of post-starburst (PSB) galaxies at 0.03
description: MNRAS in press
Boundary layer receptivity to freestream disturbances
Creators: name: Bosworth, Richard
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2016

description: Transition of fluid flow from a laminar to turbulent state has been studied extensively for over a century, beginning with experiments carried out by Osborne Reynolds in 1883. Theoretical, experimental and numerical techniques have advanced and ever more accurate measurements of the transition process have taken place; however, there still remains much to understand regarding the origins of boundary-layer instabilities - in other words, the ‘receptivity’ of the boundary layer to initial perturbations. The present work considers experimentally the receptivity process for the Blasius boundary layer formed over a flat plate at zero incidence. Two types of interaction are studied, both forced by a two-dimensional harmonic disturbance within the freestream. The first considers the receptivity of the boundary layer to the excitation of Tollmien-Schlichting waves at localised roughness while the second considers the excitation of streaky structures within the boundary layer at high-amplitudes of the freestream forcing. Two-dimensional Tollmien-Schlichting waves are shown to be excited only in the presence of a roughness element placed on the plate surface. Results of previous experiments regarding Tollmien-Schlichting wave excitation at localised roughness are corroborated and theoretical works are further validated. Although the forcing does not resemble the ‘optimal perturbations’ for exciting streaks within boundary layers, it is found that streaks are excited within the boundary layer for forcing amplitudes in excess of 0.5% and their growth and characteristics are found and compared with other experimental and theoretical results. It is shown that TS waves, once excited, cause transition at much smaller amplitudes but that they are noticeably more difficult to excite than streaks within the boundary layer.
Additional file 3: of A theory-based multi-component intervention to increase reactive balance measurement by physiotherapists in three rehabilitation hospitals: an uncontrolled single group study
Creators: name: Sibley, Kathryn
name: Bentley, Danielle
name: Salbach, Nancy
name: Gardner, Paula
name: McGlynn, Mandy
name: OâHoski, Sachi
name: Shaffer, Jennifer
name: Shing, Paula
name: McEwen, Sara
name: Beauchamp, Marla
name: Hossain, Saima
name: Straus, Sharon
name: Jaglal, Susan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Computational Biology

description: Questionnaire. (DOC 85 kb)
Mode switching in the nearby Mira-like variable R Doradus
Creators: name: Bedding, T. R.
name: Zijlstra, A. A.
name: Jones, A.
name: Foster, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss visual observations spanning nearly 70 years of the nearby semiregular variable R Doradus. Using wavelet analysis, we show that the star switches back and forth between two pulsation modes having periods of 332 days and about 175 days, the latter with much smaller amplitude. Comparison with model calculations suggests that the two modes are the first and third radial overtone, with the physical diameter of the star making fundamental mode pulsation unlikely. The mode changes occur on a timescale of about 1000 d, which is too rapid be related to a change in the overall thermal structure of the star and may instead be related to weak chaos. The Hipparcos distance to R Dor is 62.4 +/- 2.8 pc which, taken with its dominant 332-day period, places it exactly on the period-luminosity relation of Miras in the Large Magellanic Cloud. Our results imply first overtone pulsation for all Miras which fall on the P-L relation. We argue that semiregular variables with long periods may largely be a subset of Miras and should be included in studies of Mira behaviour. The semiregulars may contain the immediate evolutionary Mira progenitors, or stars may alternate between periods of semiregular and Mira behaviour.
description: 12 pages, latex with figures, accepted by MNRAS
Capra dorcas Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Capra
Capra dorcas

description: Capra dorcas [spec. nov.]
C. cornibus teretibus perfecte annulatis contortis. Syst. nat. 14. n. 9.
Gazella africana, cornibus brevibus ab imo ad summum fere annulatis, circa medium inflexis. Raj. quadr. 80.
Habitat in Africa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 69, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Strengthening weak measurements of qubit out-of-time-order correlators
Creators: name: Dressel, Justin
name: Alonso, José Raúl González
name: Waegell, Mordecai
name: Halpern, Nicole Yunger
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For systems of controllable qubits, we provide a method for experimentally obtaining a useful class of multitime correlators using sequential generalized measurements of arbitrary strength. Specifically, if a correlator can be expressed as an average of nested (anti)commutators of operators that square to the identity, then that correlator can be determined exactly from the average of a measurement sequence. As a relevant example, we provide quantum circuits for measuring multiqubit out-of-time-order correlators using optimized control-Z or ZX-90 two-qubit gates common in superconducting transmon implementations.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, published version
Period derivative of the M15 X-ray Binary AC211/X2127+119
Creators: name: Homer, L.
name: Charles, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have combined Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer observations of X2127+119, the low-mass X-ray binary in the globular cluster M15, with archival X-ray lightcurves to study the stability of the 17.1 hr orbital period. We find that the data cannot be fit by the Ilovaisky (1993) ephemeris, and requires either a 7sigma change to the period or a period derivative Pdot/P~9x10e-7 per year. Given its remarkably low L_X/L_opt such a Pdot lends support to models that require super-Eddington mass transfer in a q~1 binary.
description: 11 pages, 3 figures, to be published in New Astronomy
Quantum probe of an on-chip broadband interferometer for quantum microwave photonics
Creators: name: Eder, P.
name: Ramos, T.
name: Goetz, J.
name: Fischer, M.
name: Pogorzalek, S.
name: Martínez, J. Puertas
name: Menzel, E. P.
name: Loacker, F.
name: Xie, E.
name: Garcia-Ripoll, J. J.
name: Fedorov, K. G.
name: Marx, A.
name: Deppe, F.
name: Gross, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum microwave photonics aims at generating, routing, and manipulating propagating quantum microwave fields in the spirit of optical photonics. To this end, the strong nonlinearities of superconducting quantum circuits can be used to either improve or move beyond the implementation of concepts from the optical domain. In this context, the design of a well-controlled broadband environment for the superconducting quantum circuits is a central task. In this work, we place a superconducting transmon qubit in one arm of an on-chip Mach-Zehnder interferometer composed of two superconducting microwave beam splitters. By measuring its relaxation and dephasing rates we use the qubit as a sensitive spectrometer at the quantum level to probe the broadband electromagnetic environment. At high frequencies, this environment can be well described by an ensemble of harmonic oscillators coupled to the transmon qubit. At low frequencies, we find experimental evidence for colored quasi-static Gaussian noise with a high spectral weight, as it is typical for ensembles of two-level fluctuators. Our work paves the way towards possible applications of propagating microwave photons, such as emulating quantum impurity models or a novel architecture for quantum information processing.
Failure of conductance quantization in two-dimensional topological insulators due to non-magnetic impurities
Creators: name: Novelli, Pietro
name: Taddei, Fabio
name: Geim, Andre K.
name: Polini, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite topological protection and the absence of magnetic impurities, two-dimensional topological insulators display quantized conductance only in surprisingly short channels, which can be as short as 100 nm for atomically thin materials. We show that the combined action of short-range nonmagnetic impurities located near the edges and on site electron-electron interactions effectively creates noncollinear magnetic scatterers, and, hence, results in strong backscattering. The mechanism causes deviations from quantization even at zero temperature and for a modest strength of electron-electron interactions. Our theory provides a straightforward conceptual framework to explain experimental results, especially those in atomically thin crystals, plagued with short-range edge disorder.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures, 5 appendices
The Structure of Cold Dark Matter Halos
Creators: name: Navarro, Julio F.
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: White, Simon D. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use N-body simulations to investigate the structure of dark halos in the standard Cold Dark Matter cosmogony. Halos are excised from simulations of cosmologically representative regions and are resimulated individually at high resolution. We study objects with masses ranging from those of dwarf galaxy halos to those of rich galaxy clusters. The spherically averaged density profiles of all our halos can be fit over two decades in radius by scaling a simple ``universal'' profile. The characteristic overdensity of a halo, or equivalently its concentration, correlates strongly with halo mass in a way which reflects the mass dependence of the epoch of halo formation. Halo profiles are approximately isothermal over a large range in radii, but are significantly shallower than $r^{-2}$ near the center and steeper than $r^{-2}$ near the virial radius. Matching the observed rotation curves of disk galaxies requires disk mass-to-light ratios to increase systematically with luminosity. Further, it suggests that the halos of bright galaxies depend only weakly on galaxy luminosity and have circular velocities significantly lower than the disk rotation speed. This may explain why luminosity and dynamics are uncorrelated in observed samples of binary galaxies and of satellite/spiral systems. For galaxy clusters, our halo models are consistent both with the presence of giant arcs and with the observed structure of the intracluster medium, and they suggest a simple explanation for the disparate estimates of cluster core radii found by previous authors. Our results also highlight two shortcomings of the CDM model. CDM halos are too concentrated to be consistent with the halo parameters inferred for dwarf irregulars, and the predicted abundance of galaxy halos is larger than the observed abundance of galaxies.
description: compressed and uuencoded PS file. 22 pages including 14 figures. 447875 bytes. Submitted to ApJ on August 1, 1995
Additional file 2 of Genotyping and plant-derived glycan utilization analysis of Bifidobacterium strains from mother-infant pairs
Creators: name: Kan, Zeyu
name: Luo, Baolong
name: Cai, Jingjing
name: Zhang, Yan
name: Tian, Fengwei
name: Ni, Yongqing
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 2.
Limits on the X-ray emission from several hyperluminous IRAS galaxies
Creators: name: Wilman, R. J.
name: Fabian, A. C.
name: Cutri, R. M.
name: Crawford, C. S.
name: Brandt, W. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report long, pointed ROSAT HRI observations of the hyperluminous galaxies IRAS F00235+1024, F12514+1027, F14481+4454 and F14537+1950. Two of them are optically classified as Seyfert-like. No X-ray sources are detected at the positions of any of the objects, with a mean upper limit L(X)/L(Bol) of 2.3 times 10^-4. This indicates that any active nuclei are either atypically weak at X-ray wavelengths or obscured by column densities N(H)>10^23 cm^-2. They differ markedly from `ordinary' Seyfert 2 galaxies, bearing a closer resemblance in the soft X-ray band to composite Seyfert 2 galaxies or to some types of starburst.
description: 4 pages, 1 figure. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Baryon clustering at the critical line and near the hypothetical critical point in heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Shuryak, Edward
name: Torres-Rincon, Juan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study clustering of baryons at the freeze-out point of relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Using a Walecka-Serot model for the nucleon-nucleon (NN) interaction we analyze how the modified/critical $σ$ mode---responsible for the NN attraction---allows for clustering of nucleons when the system is close to a possible critical point of QCD. We investigate clusters of few nucleons, and also the internal cluster configuration when the system is long lived. For realistic heavy-ion collisions we study to how extend such clusters can be formed in a finite time, and perform the statistical analysis of cumulants and higher-order moments (skewness and kurtosis) for collisions at the Beam Energy Scan of RHIC.
description: l additions: (i) about small clusters with 4 nucleons, contributing to He4 production; (ii) inter-baryon potential from functional renormalization group results
title: What Makes an Employer?
Creators: name: Caliendo, Marco
name: Fossen, Frank M.
name: Kritikos, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: Universität Potsdam
Year: 2019

description: As the policy debate on entrepreneurship increasingly centers on firm growth in terms of job creation, it is important to better understand which variables influence the first hiring decision and which ones influence the subsequent survival as an employer. Using the German Socio-economic Panel (SOEP), we analyze what role individual characteristics of entrepreneurs play in sustainable job creation. While human and social capital variables positively influence the hiring decision and the survival as an employer in the same direction, we show that none of the personality traits affect the two outcomes in the same way. Some traits are only relevant for survival as an employer but do not influence the hiring decision, other traits even unfold a revolving door effect, in the sense that employers tend to fail due to the same characteristics that positively influenced their hiring decision.
description: CEPA Discussion Papers, 13
Fluctuations of work cost in optimal generation of correlations
Creators: name: McKay, Emma
name: Rodriguez-Briones, Nayeli A.
name: Martin-Martinez, Eduardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of work cost fluctuations on optimal protocols for the creation of correlations in quantum systems. We analyze several notions of work fluctuations to show that even in the simplest case of two free qubits, protocols that are optimal in their work cost (such as the one developed by Huber et al. [NJP 17, 065008 (2015)]) suffer work cost fluctuations that can be much larger than the work cost. We discuss the implications of this fact in the application of such protocols and suggest that, depending on the implementation, protocols that are sub-optimal in their work cost could beat optimal protocols in some scenarios. This highlights the importance of assessing the dynamics of work fluctuations in quantum thermodynamic protocols.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures. RevTeX 4.1. V2: Updated with latest content and also match published version
Hadrons of N=2 Supersymmetric QCD in Four Dimensions from Little String Theory
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
name: Yung, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It was recently shown that non-Abelian vortex strings supported in a version of four-dimensional N=2 supersymmetric QCD (SQCD) become critical superstrings. In addition to four translational moduli, non-Abelian strings under consideration have six orientational and size moduli. Together they form a ten-dimensional target space required for a superstring to be critical, namely, the product of the flat four-dimensional space and conifold -- a non-compact Calabi-Yau threefold. In this paper we report on further studies of low-lying closed string states which emerge in four dimensions and identify them as hadrons of our four-dimensional N=2 SQCD. We use the approach based on "little string theory," describing critical string on the conifold as a non-critical $c=1$ string with the Liouville field and a compact scalar at the self-dual radius. In addition to massless hypermultiplet found earlier we observe several massive vector multiplets and a massive spin-2 multiplet, all belonging to the long (non-BPS) representations of N=2 supersymmetry in four dimensions. All the above states are interpreted as baryons formed by a closed string with confined monopoles attached. Our construction presents an example of a "reverse holography."
description: 43 pp, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1704.00825 V.2: an explanatory remark added. V.3: A remark added in Sec. 3.1; References 26 and 27 added. The final version accepted for publication in PRD
FU Orionis resolved by infrared long baseline interferometry at a 2-AU scale
Creators: name: Malbet, F.
name: Berger, J. -P.
name: Colavita, M. M.
name: Koresko, C. D.
name: Beichman, C.
name: collaboration, The PTI
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first infrared interferometric observations of a young stellar object with a spatial projected resolution better than 2 AU. The observations were obtained with the Palomar Testbed Interferometer. FU Ori exhibits a visibility of V^2 =0.72 +/- 0.07 for a 103 +/- 5 m projected baseline at lambda = 2.2 microns. The data are consistent on the spatial scale probed by PTI both with a binary system scenario (maximum magnitude difference of 2.7 +/- 0.5 mag and smallest separation of 0.35 +/- 0.05 AU) and a standard luminous accretion disk model (approx. accretion rate of 6e-5 Mo/yr) where the thermal emission dominates the stellar scattering, and inconsistent with a single stellar photosphere.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in ApJL
Capra grimmia Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Artiodactyla
Bovidae
Capra
Capra grimmia

description: Capra grimmia [spec. nov.]
C. capite fasciculo tophoso, cavitate infra oculos. Syst. nat. 14. n. 10.
Capra sylvestris africana grimmii. Raj. quadr. 80.
Habitat in Africa.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 70, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
title: D'r Maischter hett gewunne!
Creators: name: Bastian, Ferdinand
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2022

description: TEI version for play in Alsatian. Play subtitle: Schwank in aam Akt
Assessing Big-Bang Nucleosynthesis
Creators: name: Copi, Craig J.
name: Schramm, David N.
name: Turner, Michael S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Systematic uncertainties in the light-element abundances and their evolution make a rigorous statistical assessment difficult. However, using Bayesian methods we show that the following statement is robust: the predicted and measured abundances are consistent with 95\% credibility only if the baryon-to-photon ratio is between $2\times 10^{-10}$ and $6.5\times 10^{-10}$ and the number of light neutrino species is less than 3.9. Our analysis suggests that the $^4$He abundance may have been systematically underestimated.
description: 7 pages, LaTeX(2.09), 6 postscript figures (attached). A postscript version with figures can be found at ftp://astro.uchicago.edu/pub/astro/copi/assessing_BBN . (See the README file for details)
Nuclear recoil spectroscopy of levitated particles
Creators: name: Malyzhenkov, Alexander
name: Lebedev, Vyacheslav
name: Castro, Alonso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new method for the detection and characterization of nuclear decay processes. Specifically, we describe how nuclear decay recoil can be observed within small particles levitated in an optical trap with high positional resolution. Precise measurements of the magnitude of each recoil as well as their rate of occurrence can provide accurate information about the isotopic composition of a radioactive sample. We expect that this new technique for nuclear material characterization will be especially useful in the area of nuclear forensic analysis.
Additional file 1 of The role of mentoring, supervision, coaching, teaching and instruction on professional identity formation: a systematic scoping review
Creators: name: Toh, Rachelle Qi En
name: Koh, Kai Kee
name: Lua, Jun Kiat
name: Wong, Ruth Si Man
name: Quah, Elaine Li Ying
name: Panda, Aiswarya
name: Ho, Chong Yao
name: Lim, Nicole-Ann
name: Ong, Yun Ting
name: Chua, Keith Zi Yuan
name: Ng, Victoria Wen Wei
name: Wong, Sabine Lauren Chyi Hui
name: Yeo, Luke Yu Xuan
name: See, Sin Yee
name: Teo, Jolene Jing Yin
name: Renganathan, Yaazhini
name: Chin, Annelissa Mien Chew
name: Krishna, Lalit Kumar Radha
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Appendix A. Tabulated Summaries
Surface Energy Heterogeneity Mapping of Pharmaceutical Solids by Inverse Gas Chromatography
Creators: name: Smith, Robert
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2015

description: The surface energetics of model pharmaceutical powders, were D-mannitol (Ph Eur Pearlitol® 160C, Roquette, France), Racemic Ibuprofen (2-(4-isobutylphenyl)propionic acid) (Shasun, London, U.K.), Aspirin (acetyl salicyclic acid) (Sigma-Aldrich, Poole, U.K.) and Paracetamol (p-hydroxyacetanilide) (98% Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO) were evaluated using a Finite Dilution Inverse Gas Chromatography FD-IGC technique. This yielded heterogeneous surface energy distributions, which provided a continuum of energies with surface coverage. These measurements were then analysed using novel computational methods of deconvolution, to better understand the effects of heterogeneity on the fundamental site contributions to surface energetics. The modelling approach developed branches into several components: Dispersive and Specific Energetics Modelling. The Dispersive component further expanded to Iterative and Analytical forms, with extensions to both. Physical mixtures of heterogeneous unsilanised and homogeneous Methyl-silane modified Mannitol, in both blended and unblended configurations, as well as blended mixtures of two homogeneous species, Methyl-silane and Fluoro-silane modified Mannitol, were measured to investigate the effect of mixing on surface energetics measured by FD-IGC. Mannitol was used as its functionalisation allowed for the production of markedly different energy profiles with a negligible effect on surface area and mechanical properties allowing for accurate knowledge of the amount of each surface used. The effect of mixed surface chemistry was also investigated to further understand the root cause of energetic heterogeneity measured by FD-IGC, this was achieved by the dual species silanisation of Mannitol using both Methyl- and Fluoro-Silane species, this was found to produce a heterogeneity distribution bound between the energies of the two silane species used in isolation. Further, this was investigated by the induction of a heterogeneity in a homogeneous polymeric material, Polyethylene, through surface modification with Sulfuric Acid. Finally the computational approaches developed were applied to the 3 polymorphic forms of a common pharmaceutical excipient Mannitol to investigate the effects of polymorphism on surface energetics. This showed that the different polymorphs exhibit extremely different energetic behaviour, further results for a mixed-polymorph suggest that it may be possible to infer energetic contributions of unknown quantities. Such information can be used to possibly screen for unwanted polymorphic contributions and also to find more appropriate polymorphic forms for pharmaceutic uses in terms of adhesive and dissolution properties as affected by surface energetics.
Naringenin Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Kidney and Lung Injuries in Mice: Decisive Role of IL-1β, IL-6, IL8, and TNF-α
Creators: name: M.A. Al-Dabbagh
name: H.B. Sahib
Publisher: name: Opera Medica et Physiologica
Year: 2024
Subjects: cytokine storm
inflammation
lipopolysaccharide
naringenin
lung injury
kidney injury.

description: Cytokine storms are a major contributor to acute respiratory failure, causing numerous organ dysfunction, including kidney damage, as a result of inflammation-induced tubular injury, particularly evident in COVID-19 infections. This occurrence poses a global health risk. Experimental evidence suggests that naringenin, a natural flavonoid, has a variety of biological activities. The present study was conducted to examine the protective effects of naringenin in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced lung and kidney injuries in mice and determine its relationship with the suppression of pro-inflammatory mediators. Forty-eight Swiss albino male mice were divided into four groups. Group I received 0.9% normal saline, Group II received 5 mg/kg LPS only, and Groups III and IV received 50 or 100 mg/kg naringenin, respectively, one hour before LPS administration. The effects of naringenin, vehicle, or LPS administration on mortality rate, pro-inflammatory cytokine (IL-6, IL-1, IL-8, and TNF-α) levels, and lung/renal histological changes were evaluated after 48 hours. The results showed that the naringenin-treated groups exhibited a significant (p ≤ 0.01) reduction in pro-inflammatory cytokine levels compared to Group II. Histological examinations revealed that mice in Group II displayed significant (p ≤ 0.01) lung and renal tissue injuries, while Groups III and IV exhibited a significant (p ≤ 0.01) reduction in pulmonary and renal injuries, as demonstrated by improved macroscopic scores and reduced mortality. The findings of this study strongly suggest that naringenin has potent protective effects in mice against LPS-induced lung damage and associated kidney dysfunction. Consequently, naringenin has promise as a human anti-cytokine storm therapeutic agent.