cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tropical climate influences on drought variability over Java, Indonesia
Creators: D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Smerdon, Jason E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Oceanography
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences

description: We investigate relationships between Indonesian drought, the state of the equatorial Indian Ocean, and ENSO using three instrumental indices spanning 1884-1997 A.D.: 1. EQWIN, a zonal wind index for the equatorial Indian Ocean; 2. the Dipole Mode Index (DMI), an indicator of the Indian Ocean SST gradient; and 3. tropical Pacific Niño-3.4 SSTs. A regression model of the Java Sep-Dec Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) using a combination of these indices provides significant predictive skill (ar^2 = 0.50). Both the DMI and EQWIN correlate strongly with Java droughts (r = 0.71 and 0.66, respectively), but weakly with wet events (r = 0.21 and 0.18, respectively), while the Niño SST index correlates moderately with both dry and wet events (r = 0.31 and 0.36, respectively). Our findings indicate that Java droughts are intensified during El Niños that coincide with negative EQWIN conditions, which are also linked to a strengthened Indian monsoon.
title: Participant Perceptions of Range Rider Programs Used to Mitigate Wolf-Livestock Conflicts in the Western United States
Creators: name: Parks, Molly
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Range Rider Programs (RRPs) are one example of a proactive non-lethal tool that has been implemented in western United States to mitigate gray wolf (Canis lupus) and livestock conflicts. Because RRPs are an emerging non-lethal tool that little is known about, I selected a qualitative research approach to examine participant perceptions to further contemporary understanding of how these efforts are implemented and potential benefits. I surveyed 51 participants from 17 Range Rider Programs (RRPs) in Montana, Washington, and Oregon to determine participant perceptions regarding effectiveness of RRPs as a non-lethal approach to mitigate wolf-conflicts.
I developed a RRPs typology based on information provided by the participants interviewed. The typology identified 3 versions of RRPs programs that revolved around the role of the range rider. These roles included: 1) livestock monitoring, 2) wolf surveillance, and 3) livestock herding. The RRPs, although diverse in operations, shared traits exemplified by community-based conservation programs.
Interview responses suggested a RRP’s primary contribution may not be a direct reduction in livestock depredation by wolves, but instead a collection of indirect technical and socio-political benefits. To improve current RRPs and develop future efforts, programs should be realistic in expectations and the sponsors must work closely with rancher participants to develop an adaptive program that meets their needs, maintains transparent and frequent communication, and provides a forum for feedback.
Measurements of branching fraction ratios and CP asymmetries in B+/- ->D_CP K+/- decays in hadron collisions
Creators: name: CDF Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reconstruct B+/- -> D K+/- decays in a data sample collected by the CDF II detector at the Tevatron collider corresponding to 1 fb-1 of integrated luminosity. We select decay modes where the D meson decays to either K- pi+ (flavor eigenstate) or K- K+, pi- pi+ (CP-even eigenstates), and measure the direct CP asymmetry A_CP+ = 0.39 +/- 0.17(stat) +/- 0.04(syst), and the double ratio of CP-even to flavor eigenstate branching fractions R_CP+ = 1.30 +/- 0.24(stat) +/- 0.12(syst). These measurements will improve the determination of the CKM angle gamma. They are performed here for the first time using data from hadron collisions.
title: Image Blur Detection with Two-Dimensional Haar Wavelet Transform
Creators: name: Andhavarapu, Sarat Kiran
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Efficient detection of image blur and its extent is an open research problem in computer vision. Image blur has a negative impact on image quality. Blur is introduced into images due to various factors including limited contrast, improper exposure time or unstable device handling. Toward this end, an algorithm is presented for image blur detection with the use of Two-Dimensional Haar Wavelet transform (2D HWT). The algorithm is experimentally compared with two other image blur detection algorithms frequently cited in the literature. When evaluated over a sample of images, the algorithm performed on par or better than the two other blur detection algorithms.
title: Continuous Unbonded Post-Tensioned Members: Quantifying Strand Stress Increase
Creators: name: Six, Philip D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Unbonded post-tensioning tendons are an efficient and cost effective method of reinforcing concrete floor slabs, slabs-on-grade, parking garages, and bridge structures. However, the behavior of these structures is not well understood. There is concern that due to the lack of a significant amount of reliable research data on specimens reinforced in this manner, the commonly used design methods tend to significantly under-predict the strength. Four large, scaled, floor slab sections were constructed and destructively tested with the intent of more accurately understanding the strength of specimens reinforced with this method. Four test specimens represent a significant percentage of the current body of reliable research in this field. In order to accurately predict the design strength of these members, it is necessary to predict the increase in the reinforcing strand stress when the member is loaded to a flexural failure. This increase in strand stress was measured on each of the four laboratory tests which were performed. This allowed the strength of these concrete members to be more accurately predicted, and it was observed that the current design methods are significantly under-predicting this increase in strand stress as well as the flexural capacity of the members. The behavior of the deflection of the slabs in relation to the applied load was also analyzed, as well as the cracking behaviors. The four test specimens were combined with the available body of research data to complete the largest known database of members reinforced in this manner.
Additional file 3 of Binding proteins of destruxin A from Metarhizium against insect cell
Creators: name: Wang, Jingjing
name: Weng, Qunfang
name: Zhang, Ke
name: Hu, Qiongbo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figure S1. Protein interaction analysis by STRING database (left) and KEGG pathway clustering analysis (right) in cell lysis group candidate proteins. Figure S2. Protein interaction analysis by STRING database (left) and KEGG pathway clustering analysis (right) in live cell group candidate proteins. Figure S3. Expression and purification of candidate protein. Figure S4. Detailed SPR results of interaction of DA with candidate proteins.
title: Virulence Evolution of Fungal Pathogens in Social and Solitary Bees with an Emphasis on Multiple Infections
Creators: name: Klinger, Ellen G.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: The health of pollinators, especially bees, is of the utmost importance to success of many agricultural ecosystems. Microorganisms can cause diseases in bees; such microbes are pathogenic. The ability of a pathogen to cause harm to its host (such as a bee) is termed its virulence. Studying the evolution of different levels of virulence can lead researchers to a better understanding of pathogens, and potentially predict how much harm a pathogen can cause in the future. We studied the evolution of virulence levels for a fungal disease of bees. This group of fungi is composed of 28 species, and some cause a disease in bees called chalkbrood while others do not. Using what we know about virulence evolution we wanted to see if the pathogens could infect all bees, if the pathogens varied in virulence when infecting at the same time as another pathogen, and if solitary bees had any behavioral adaptations that might increase or decrease chalkbrood infection.
By using DNA sequences, the relationship between the genetic structures of each of the fungal species was studied, and we found that pathogens of solitary bees grouped together while pathogens of social bees (honey bees) were not part of this group. We then found that a solitary bee pathogen did not infect honey bees very well, and vice versa. The nuances of the relationship between two solitary bee pathogens were examined more closely to determine how the two pathogens interact in this bee. In this case, under varying conditions of infection, one pathogen always maintained a similar level of virulence and spore production, while the other pathogen varied in these measures. In addition, when doses of these fungi were fed to bee larvae at different times, more bees survived than when the doses were given at the same time, suggesting that bee immune responses are very important. Finally, we found no evidence of any specific behaviors of solitary bees exposed to infective spores that would suggest these bees have behaviors that are evolved to alter chalkbrood levels in populations.
Primordial density perturbations with running spectral index: impact on non-linear cosmic structures
Creators: name: Fedeli, C.
name: Finelli, F.
name: Moscardini, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (abridged) We explore the statistical properties of non-linear cosmic structures in a flat $Λ$CDM cosmology in which the index of the primordial power spectrum for scalar perturbations is allowed to depend on the scale. Within the inflationary paradigm, the running of the scalar spectral index can be related to the properties of the inflaton potential, and it is hence of critical importance to test it with all kinds of observations, which cover the linear and non-linear regime of gravitational instability. We focus on the amount of running $α_{\mathrm{S},0}$ allowed by an updated combination of CMB anisotropy data and the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. Our analysis constrains $α_{\mathrm{S},0} = -0.051^{+0.047}_{-0.053}$ $(-0.034^{+0.039}_{-0.040})$ at 95% Confidence Level when (not) taking into account primordial gravitational waves in a ratio as predicted by canonical single field inflation, in agreement with other works. For the cosmological models best fitting the data both with and without running we studied the abundance of galaxy clusters and of rare objects, the halo bias, the concentration of dark matter halos, the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation, the power spectrum of cosmic shear, and the Integrated Sachs-Wolfe effect. We find that counting galaxy clusters in future X-ray and Sunyaev-Zel'dovich surveys could discriminate between the two models, more so if broad redshift information about the cluster samples will be available. Likewise, measurements of the power spectrum of cosmological weak lensing as performed by planned all-sky optical surveys such as EUCLID could detect a running of the primordial spectral index, provided the uncertainties about the source redshift distribution and the underlying matter power spectrum are well under control.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables. Accepted for publication on MNRAS
Cost optimization of a structural roof system
Creators: name: Russell, Alan David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The object of this investigation is to develop a procedure for the optimization of a roof system to yield minimum cost. The roof system is composed of parallel chord, steel trusses, with purlins and decking. The variables considered are geometry, topology, and member size. The optimal values of the geometry and topology variables are determined by the application of Box's Complex Method. A fully stressed design criterion is used in selecting the member sizes. It is shown that the optimization scheme always converges to a low cost region, although not necessarily to the global optimum. A cost model is developed that includes member-related costs and weight-related costs. Parameter studies demonstrate the importance of selecting the proper ratios of fixed and weight-related costs.
title: Long-term Study of Crowdfunding Platform: Predicting Project Success and Fundraising Amount
Creators: name: Chung, Jinwook
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Crowdfunding that is the combination word of crowdsourcing and funding makes people can start a business easily. Legislating JOBS act in US played a major role in removing restricted barriers of crowdfunding on public offerings of fence and private funds for small business. The growth speed of crowdfunding takes some beating. Through Kickstarter that is a popular crowdfunding platform and being considered the typical case of crowdfunding, 480 million dollars and more than half a billion dollars were invested in about 19 thousand and 22 projects for 2013 and 2014 respectively. But in spite of the rapid growth, the successful rate of projects at large is decreasing because of imprudent project launching. People just imagine a success story of some triumphant projects without any kind of preparedness when they launch a project. Up to now most of papers researched based on Kickstarter platform because it is the biggest crowdfunding site. But there is no research paper studying with the entire data yet. So, we gathered all the project's main pages in Kickstarter that are finished whether a project is funded or not from its launched date on 2009 to September, 2014. And we also collected all users' profile pages including initiators and backers. The goal of this research project is to analyze evolution of projects and users, investigate techniques and predict successfully funded projects and expected pledged funding levels, and providing intelligent search and discovery based on time series patterns of projects. To successfully achieve the goal, we propose to analyze all projects and users in Kickstarter toward understanding evolution of them over time and thus develop statistical models to automatically predict successfully funded projects and expected funding level. We used as many features as possible such as features being obtainable from text (project main, reward and biography description). Our result will be very helpful for people especially a person preparing a crowdfunding project to fulfill a dream.
Additional file 1 of A novel clinical diagnostic marker predicting the relationship between visceral adiposity and renal function evaluated by estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in the Chinese physical examination population
Creators: name: Xu, Yanping
name: Wang, Xin Yi
name: Liu, Haiping
name: Jin, Dongzhen
name: Song, Xiaoxiao
name: Wang, Shengyao
name: Zhou, Xinhe
name: Shi, Mengte
name: Zheng, Chao
name: Su, Xiaoyou
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Cell Biology
Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Flowchart of the selection process of eligible participants. Table S1. Sensitivity analysis of some missing variables before and after filling. Table S2. Clinical and demographic characteristics of patients with renal function impairment of different sexes. Figure S2. Subgroup analysis for the risk of eGFR<90.
Observation of Elastic Doublon Decay in the Fermi-Hubbard Model
Creators: name: Strohmaier, Niels
name: Greif, Daniel
name: Jördens, Robert
name: Tarruell, Leticia
name: Moritz, Henning
name: Esslinger, Tilman
name: Sensarma, Rajdeep
name: Pekker, David
name: Altman, Ehud
name: Demler, Eugene
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the decay of highly excited states of ultracold fermions in a three-dimensional optical lattice. Starting from a repulsive Fermi-Hubbard system near half filling, we generate additional doubly occupied sites (doublons) by lattice modulation. The subsequent relaxation back to thermal equilibrium is monitored over time. The measured doublon lifetime covers two orders of magnitude. In units of the tunneling time h/J it is found to depend exponentially on the ratio of on-site interaction energy U to kinetic energy J. We argue that the dominant mechanism for the relaxation is a high order scattering process involving several single fermions as scattering partners. A many-body calculation is carried out using diagrammatic methods, yielding good agreement with the data.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, published version
Varying boreal forest response to Arctic environmental change at the Firth River, Alaska
Creators: Andreu Hayles, Laia
D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Anchukaitis, Kevin
Beck, Peter S. A.
Frank, David
Goetz, Scott
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Climatic changes

description: The response of boreal forests to anthropogenic climate change remains uncertain, with potentially significant impacts for the global carbon cycle, albedo, canopy evapotranspiration and feedbacks into further climate change. Here, we focus on tree-ring data from the Firth River site at treeline in northeastern Alaska, in a tundra–forest transition region where pronounced warming has already occurred. Both tree-ring width (TRW) and maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies were developed to identify the nature of tree growth and density responses to climatic and environmental changes in white spruce (Picea glauca), a dominant Arctic treeline species. Good agreement was found between the interannual fluctuations in the TRW chronology and summer temperatures from 1901 to 1950, whereas no significant relationships were found from 1951 to 2001, supporting evidence of significant divergence between TRW and summer temperature in the second half of the 20th century. In contrast to this unstable climatic response in the TRW record, the high frequency July–August temperature signal in the MXD series seems reasonably stable through the 20th century. Wider and denser rings were more frequent during the 20th century, particularly after 1950, than in previous centuries. Finally, comparison between the tree-ring proxies and a satellite-derived vegetation index suggests that TRW and MXD correlate with vegetation productivity at the landscape level at different times of the growing season.
title: Organizational Adaptation in Local Stormwater Governance
Creators: name: Armstrong, Andrea
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Much of the past research and policy analysis on issues of western water has focused on inter-basin river agreements, large infrastructure that captures and distributes water, and conflict between agricultural and urban water demands. My dissertation asks a set of different questions:
How is water governed and managed within communities of Utah?
How are the organizations that manage water responding to changes in population, water availability, and water quality policy?
The answers to these questions are essential for understanding the ways in which changes to water quantity and quality will be addressed in the present and coming years. To better understand the ways in which local water management organizations, including irrigation groups and municipalities, manage water in Utah, I conducted three major types of research activities. First, in 2013, I attended 18 meetings of local water management organizations and conducted 18 interviews of organization representatives that managed water within the Heber and Cache Valleys of northern Utah. In 2014, I built upon the knowledge learned in the 2013 observations and interviews, and conducted an online survey of stormwater managers throughout the state of Utah. To build upon survey responses, I then conducted 30 follow-up interviews of stormwater managers that represented municipal stormwater programs. This research was funded with a combination of support from the National Science Foundation’s iUTAH EPSCoR project (iutahepscor.org) and funds from the Utah Storm Water Advisory Committee, a group that represents municipal stormwater programs at the state level.
My findings suggest that local water management organizations are already responding to growth and expansion in urban land use, rising uncertainties in water supplies, and shifting responsibilities for stormwater governance and management toward local governments. To cope with these changes, organizations are using a combination of strategies, including working with private consultants and collaborating with one another. With increasing pressures from environmental change and added responsibilities through decentralized water policies, it is expected that these adaptive strategies will persist or even spread to other local water management organizations yet to take on these behaviors.
title: Arsenic Release from Dechlorination Remediation Processes of Biostimulation and Bioaugmentation
Creators: name: Smith, Suzy
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Arsenic (As), a known carcinogen, is a groundwater contaminant in many parts of the world. Arsenic contamination is enhanced through carbon addition, such as biostimulation, a remediation process, which has been used to remove trichloroethylene (TCE) from sediment and groundwater. Two studies were designed to evaluate the effect of different carbon sources on the removal of TCE through dechlorination and on As solubilization and mobilization in response to carbon addition.
The first set of columns (15.2 cm diameter, 183 cm long) used whey, Newman Zone® standard surfactant emulsified oil, Newman Zone® nonionic surfactant emulsified oil, and no carbon controls as carbon and energy sources and were fed for 7.5 years. The second set (7.62 cm diameter and length) used whey, lactate, and no carbon control as carbon sources with columns being dismantled and analyzed over a 5-month time period.
These studies showed that reducing conditions, caused by the carbon sources, was the driving force for As mobilization as As(V) was reduced to the more mobile As(III). Total As mass in the sediment was lost with all carbon treatments within the first study with whey having a greater loss; however, within the second study, both whey and lactate treatments had the same extent of As mass loss over time. The results also indicated that some As could be attenuating with carbonates or other highly soluble minerals.
Classification of IIB backgrounds with 28 supersymmetries
Creators: name: Gran, U.
name: Gutowski, J.
name: Papadopoulos, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that all IIB backgrounds with strictly 28 supersymmetries are locally isometric to the plane wave solution of arXiv:hep-th/0206195. Moreover, we demonstrate that all solutions with more than 26 supersymmetries and only 5-form flux are maximally supersymmetric. The N=28 plane wave solution is a superposition of the maximally supersymmetric IIB plane wave with a heterotic string solution. We investigate the propagation of strings in this background, find the spectrum and give the string light-cone Hamiltonian.
description: 30 pages, typos corrected
title: Linking Marital and Parenting Quality in Parents of Early Adolescents
Creators: name: Sheldon, Megan L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Parents have a great influence on the lives of their children, even as children develop into adolescents seeking independent identity. Families may find the transition of their children into adolescence difficult as they renegotiate their parenting strategies to allow for their children’s growing desire for independence. Because marital quality has been found to be related to parenting outcomes, the link between the parental and marital roles of a married couple becomes important to understand during the transition of their children into adolescents.
The present study uses the Inventory of Father (Parent) Involvement, Social Connectedness Scale, Quality Marriage Index, Couple Commitment Inventory, and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression scale (CES-D). In order to more fully understand how marital quality is linked to parenting quality, this study focused on families that had married parents with early adolescent children.
The study had three main goals: (1) to examine predictors of parents’ perceptions of their marital quality and commitment, (2) to examine the associations among marital quality indicators and perceived parenting quality, and (3) to include early adolescent children’s, mothers,’ and fathers’ perceptions of parenting quality. These findings could be used to identify family process or dysfunction.
The results of this study indicate that mothers and fathers who have higher household income and fewer depressive symptoms are more likely to have higher quality and more committed marriages than mothers and fathers with lower household incomes and more depressive symptoms. Mothers and fathers who were involved with their early adolescent children reported higher marital commitment than those who were less involved. Fathers who felt connected to their adolescent were also more likely to rate their marital quality more highly than fathers who felt less connected. Adolescent perceptions of high father involvement were more likely when fathers reported high martial quality and commitment. Examining parenting quality from these multiple perspectives may have valuable implications for teaching extension and community classes on marital, parenting, and adolescent development topics.
Warped and eccentric discs around black holes
Creators: name: Ogilvie, Gordon I.
name: Ferreira, Barbara T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Accretion discs around black holes in X-ray binary stars are warped if the spin axis of the black hole is not perpendicular to the binary orbital plane. They can also become eccentric through an instability involving a resonance with the binary orbit. Depending on the thickness of the disc and the efficiency of dissipative processes, these global deformations may be able to propagate into the innermost part of the disc in the form of stationary bending or density waves. We describe the solutions in the linear regime and discuss the conditions under which a warp or eccentricity is likely to produce significant activity in the inner region, which may include the excitation of quasi-periodic oscillations.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures; accepted for inclusion in the proceedings of "Cool Discs, Hot Flows: The Varying Faces of Accreting Compact Objects," ed. M. Axelsson (New York: AIP)
title: Predicting Resistance and Stability of Vegetation in Floodplains
Creators: name: Werth, David E.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1997

description: To calculate flow or depth in a waterway, it is necessary to accurately determine the flow resistance. Past research has made considerable progress in predicting the roughness of nonvegetated uniform channels based on both theoretical and experimental investigations. However, to determine the flow resistance associated with vegetated compound flow channels and floodplains, the effects of the vegetation must be considered.
Recent advancements have led to greater understanding of the effects of partially submerged uniform vegetation in a waterway. However, to accurately determine flow resistance, it is imperative that the effects of both submerged and partially submerged vegetation be taken into account. It is also critical to account for the effects of multiple species and densities of vegetation throughout the waterway.
Extensive testing of both partially submerged and fully submerged vegetation was completed in the laboratory. Multiple species were tested together to represent various ecosystems commonly found in floodplains throughout the country. Results of the testing show that both geometric and biomechanical properties of the plants must be accounted for when determining vegetation resistance. Methods and procedures were developed to quantify these properties. Equations were also developed that provide a basis by which to quantify vegetation resistance.
The results of this study were compared to several sets of actual field data. The resistance values predicted by the equations were very close to those measured in the field. Use of the developed equations and procedures now provides those involved in the field of flood control a far more accurate tool by which to predict vegetation resistance than was previously available.
Analysis of wastewater injection and prospect regions for induced seismicity in the Texas Panhandle, USA
Creators: name: Acevedo, Juan Pablo
name: 0000-0001-7700-9423
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Induced seismicity
Wastewater injection
Saltwater disposal
Enhanced oil recovery
Depth-to-basement
Earthquakes
Texas Panhandle
Oil and gas
Anadarko Basin
Amarillo-Wichita Uplift
Cimarron Arch-Keyes Dome
Seismicity
Injection volumes
Prospect regions

description: Subsurface injection of wastewater co-produced alongside oil and gas (O&G) has been linked to an increasing number of earthquake events throughout the southern mid-continent of the United States. In Texas, the average count of seismic events per year have risen over the past decade. This study aims to compare injection of produced water into the subsurface and increased number of earthquakes in the Panhandle Region of Texas. For this study, saltwater disposal and enhanced oil recovery through underground injection control (UIC) wells in the Texas Panhandle were analyzed from 1983-2018. During this same period, a total of 64 earthquakes of M ≥ 2.5 were recorded. The average earthquake rates increased from 1.21 events per year (1983-2007) to 3.50 events per year (2008-2018). A total of 1,926 active UIC wells in the Texas Panhandle were identified from the Railroad Commission of Texas database during the study period. This research identified 54 geologic stratigraphic formations present in the region and focused on the 34 target formations into which wastewater was injected. Cumulative UIC volumes were found to be localized by geographic regions and geologic formations, where a total of 2.26 billion barrels (Bbbls, where 1 barrel = 159 liters) of wastewater were injected. Approximately 87% of the total disposal volume (1.96 Bbbls) was injected into seven geologic formations, including the igneous Precambrian basement; another 27 formations received less than 100 million barrels (MMbbls) each. Monthly UIC rates in the Panhandle fluctuated in time, similar to overall O&G industry activity. From this analysis, 61% of earthquake events are considered to be possibly or probably induced by a combination of UIC and O&G practices. Additionally, this research identified regions at risk of potentially hosting future earthquakes induced by current UIC and O&G operations. Understanding how and where UIC practices and O&G operations are affecting seismicity rates in the State of Texas can allow researchers and regulators propose strategies to reduce or mitigate negative externalities such as induced seismicity.
title: Catalytic Pyrolysis of Olive Mill Wastewater Sludge
Creators: name: Abdellaoui, Hamza
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: Olive mill wastewater sludge (OMWS) is the solid residue that remains in the evaporation ponds after evaporation of the majority of water in the olive mill wastewater (OMW). OMWS is a major environmental pollutant in the olive oil producing regions. Approximately 41.16 wt. % of the OMWS was soluble in hexanes (HSF). The fatty acids in this fraction consist mainly of oleic and palmitic acid. Catalytic pyrolysis of the OMWS over red mud and HZSM-5 has been demonstrated to be an effective technology for converting this waste material into fuel. Red mud-catalyzed pyrolysis gave higher organics yields than the HZSM-5 catalysis. The viscosity as well as the oxygen content of the catalytic pyrolysis oils were significantly lower than those of the non-catalytic oil. The reaction pathways of red mud and HZSM-5 were different. The catalytic pyrolysis of the HSF gave an acidic oil with low viscosity and high energy content, and was nitrogen and sulfur free, whereas the catalytic pyrolysis of the solid residue after hexanes extraction (SR) gave an oil with higher viscosity, close to neutral pH, lower energy content, and had high nitrogen content and traces of sulfur.
Calabi-Yau manifolds with $B$-fields
Creators: name: Witt, Frederik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Qxx (53Cxx)

description: In recent work N. Hitchin introduced the concept of "generalised geometry". The key feature of generalised structures is that that they can be acted on by both diffeomorphisms and 2-forms, the so-called $B$-fields. In this lecture, we give a basic introduction and explain some of the fundamental ideas. Further, we discuss some examples of generalised geometries starting from the usual notion of a Calabi-Yau manifold, as well as applications to string theory.
description: 19 pages
Volcanic Cooling Signal in Tree Ring Temperature Records for the Past Millennium
Creators: D'Arrigo, Rosanne Dorothy
Wilson, Robert J.
Anchukaitis, Kevin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Dendrochronology
Paleoclimatology
Volcanic eruptions

description: Tree rings are an important proxy for understanding the timing and environmental consequences of volcanic eruptions as they are precisely dated at annual resolution and, particularly in tree line regions of the world, sensitive to cold extremes that can result from climatically significant volcanic episodes. Volcanic signals have been detected in ring widths and by the presence of frost-damaged rings, yet are often most clearly and quantitatively represented within maximum latewood density series. Ring width and density reconstructions provide quantitative information for inferring the variability and sensitivity of the Earth's climate system on local to hemispheric scales. After a century of dendrochronological science, there is no evidence, as recently theorized, that volcanic or other adverse events cause such severely cold conditions near latitudinal tree line that rings might be missing in all trees at a given site in a volcanic year (“stand-wide” missing rings), resulting in misdating of the chronology. Rather, there is a clear indication of precise dating and development of rings in at least some trees at any given site, even under adverse cold conditions, based on both actual tree ring observations and modeling analyses. The muted evidence for volcanic cooling in large-scale temperature reconstructions based at least partly on ring widths reflects several factors that are completely unrelated to any misdating. These include biological persistence of such records, as well as varying spatial patterns of response of the climate system to volcanic events, such that regional cooling, particularly for ring widths rather than density, can be masked in the large-scale reconstruction average.
The Spin of the Black Hole in the Soft X-ray Transient A0620--00
Creators: name: Gou, Lijun
name: McClintock, Jeffrey E.
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Narayan, Ramesh
name: Cantrell, Andrew G.
name: Bailyn, Charles D.
name: Orosz, Jerome A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During its yearlong outburst in 1975--76, the transient source A0620--00 reached an intensity of 50 Crab, an all-time record for any X-ray binary. The source has been quiescent since. We recently determined accurate values for the black hole mass, orbital inclination angle and distance. Building on these results, we have measured the radius of the inner edge of the accretion disk around the black hole primary by fitting its thermal continuum spectrum to our version of the relativistic Novikov-Thorne thin-disk model. We have thereby estimated the spin of the black hole. Although our spin estimate depends on a single high quality spectrum, which was obtained in 1975 by OSO-8, we are confident of our result because of the consistent values of the inner-disk radius that we have obtained for hundreds of observations of other sources: H1743-322, XTE J1550-564, and notably LMC X-3. We have determined the dimensionless spin parameter of the black hole to be a*=0.12+/-0.19, with a*<0.49 and a*>-0.59 at the 3 sigma level of confidence. This result takes into account all sources of observational and model-parameter uncertainties. Despite the low spin, the intensity and properties of the radio counterpart, both in outburst and quiescence, attest to the presence of a strong jet. If jets are driven by black hole spin, then current models indicate that jet power should be a steeply increasing function of a*. Consequently, the low spin of A0620--00 suggests that its jet may be disk-driven.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures, ApJL in press
title: Η Αρχιτεκτονική μέσα από τα μάτια των πολεμικών τεχνών - “Σχεδιάζοντας μέσα από την κίνηση”
title: Architecture through the eyes of martial arts - "Drawing through movement"
Creators: name: Γρηγοριου Μιχαηλ
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2021

description: Οι πολεμικές τέχνες, πρόκειται να χρησιμοποιηθούν ως μεταφορά για την κατανόηση της Αρχιτεκτονικής. Αυτή θεωρείται μια απλή προσέγγιση για να κατανοήσουμε μια μορφή τέχνης μέσω μιας άλλης. Βοηθά να δούμε την Αρχιτεκτονική από μια νέα γωνία.
Στο πλαίσιο αυτής της ερευνητικής εργασίας, έχει παρατηρηθεί μια ενδιαφέρουσα πορεία για την περαιτέρω κατανόηση των άυλων πτυχών της Αρχιτεκτονικής δημιουργίας μέσω της πολεμικής τέχνης. Παρατηρείται ότι, ανεξάρτητα από το πόσο διαφορετικό είναι το τελικό προϊόν, οι πολεμικές τέχνες και η Αρχιτεκτονική εξαπλώνονται σε μεγάλο εύρος, μιας και οι αρχές που μοιράζονται από κοινού πηγάζουν το δίχως άλλο, από τις έννοιες του χώρου και του σώματος. Επίσης, ως μεθοδολογικά εργαλεία θα χρησιμοποιηθούν ο χορός και η έννοια της ισορροπίας. Ο χορός ως μια αδιαμφησβήτητη μορφή τέχνης, η οποία συσχετίζει το σώμα, την κίνηση και τον χώρο, και το δίπολο φως – σκιάς από την επίδραση που έχει στον ανθρώπινο ψυχισμό, υποθέτουμε ότι μπορούν να μας δώσουν τα εργαλεία με τα οποία μπορούμε να θεωρήσουμε και τις πολεμικές τέχνες ως τέχνες.
Συνεπώς, η προσωρινή μετακίνηση σε κάποιο άλλο πεδίο έρευνας, όπως οι πολεμικές τέχνες, το οποίο εξίσου πραγματεύεται, διαμορφώνει και μεταπλάθει το χώρο και το σώμα συνίσταται αναγκαία, προκειμένου να χαραχτούν νέες πορείες και να εξαχθούν συμπεράσματα.
description: Martial arts are to be used as a metaphor for understanding Architecture. This is considered a simple approach to understanding one art form through another. It helps to look at Architecture from a new angle.
In the context of this research work, an interesting path has been observed for the further understanding of the intangible aspects of Architectural creation through martial arts. It is observed that, no matter how different the final product is, martial arts and Architecture spread to a wide extent, since the principles that are shared together stem from the concepts of space and body. Also, dance and the concept of balance will be used as methodological tools. Dance as an indisputable art form, which correlates the body, movement and space, and the dipole light-shadow from the effect it has on the human psyche, we assume that they can give us the tools with which we can consider and martial arts as arts.
Therefore, the temporary move to another field of research, such as martial arts, which equally deals with, shapes and transforms space and the body, is necessary in order to chart new paths and draw conclusions.
Epsilon Systems on Geometric Crystals of Type $A_n$
Creators: name: Nakashima, Toshiki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B37; 17B67

description: We introduce an epsilon system on a geometric crystal of type $A_n$, which is a certain set of rational functions with some nice properties. We shall show that it is equipped with a product structure and that it is invariant under the action of tropical R maps.
The influence of impermeable cores on the seismic behaviour of earth dams
Creators: name: Serff, Norman John
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: The influence of an impermeable clay core on the static and dynamic behaviour of an earth dam is investigated. The cores used are of two types, central core and upstream sloping core. Recommendations are made on the suitability of each type of core for dams in areas subject, to seismic activity. The finite element method of analysis is used and the material is assumed to behave in a viscoelastic manner. The sloping core dam is found to be less desirable than the central core dam for earthquake regions because of the unfavourable stress distributions in the upper part of the dam. Static tensile stresses develop in this region, which do not occur in the central core dam, and the extent of these stresses is increased when the dynamic stresses due to the earthquake are superimposed. The accelerations, which increase with elevation in the dam, indicating the necessity of using a variable seismic coefficient, are higher in the sloping core dam than in the central core dam. It is found that the first mode, the only mode that approximates a shear mode, contributes the major share to the dynamic response of the dam. The finite element method is shown to be sensitive to irregularities in the subdivision of the dam into finite elements.
title: The Underground Gang: Cyclist Group Identity as Expressed Through Folk Art, Folk Events, Narratives, and Community Spaces
Creators: name: Christiansen, Anna P.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2015

description: This thesis is a study of the “underground” cycling community in Ogden, Utah. Countercultural cycling micro-communities exist across the United States, if not the world, but have not yet been thoroughly studied by folklorists. This research establishes a foundational understanding of the nature of underground cycling culture, particularly in relation to identity. Using folkloric definitions of identity and subculture as my foundation, I examine four different facets of cyclist activities: folk art, folk events, narratives, and the community’s use of space. These four facets provide a variety of lenses through with to examine actualized, expressive cyclist behavior. Each facet also illustrates the different levels (personal, community, and global) at which identity is performed.
The most personal performances of cyclist identity are through the folk art of modified bicycles. Modifications tend to reflect the personality of the cyclist, and consequently a bicycle comes to hold much symbolism for the cyclist. The communitylevel studies consisted of examining group events where I observed how the group interacted with itself. The performance and participation in activities are what constitutes an actual cycling community, rather than a series of individual cyclists.
The examination of narratives moves outward to contextualize the cycling microcommunity within the larger Ogden community. This chapter explores the role of conflict, illustrates how cyclists think of themselves, and illustrates how cyclists define themselves in opposition to motorists.
The community spaces examination looks at the use of physical space versus digital space. These spaces illustrate how the community behaves amongst itself versus how the community behaves amongst the larger, online, Utah cycling community. The physical space reflected the creativity and utilitarian needs of the group. The restrictive digital spaces manage to be expressive through images and language. Internal group conflict occurs more often online, however, due to infractions of implicit group etiquette, possibly as a symptom of a less personal form of interaction.
The marginalized, cyclist identity seemed to hold the greatest rewards at the more intimate, personal levels. Moving outward towards broader community-level contests, cyclist identity seems to become a source of conflict.
Quantum oscillations in the anomalous phase in Sr3Ru2O7
Creators: name: Mercure, J. -F.
name: Goh, S. K.
name: O'Farrell, E. C. T.
name: Perry, R. S.
name: Sutherland, M. L.
name: Rost, A.
name: Grigera, S. A.
name: Borzi, R. A.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Mackenzie, A. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report measurements of quantum oscillations detected in the putative nematic phase of Sr3Ru2O7. Significant improvements in sample purity enabled the resolution of small amplitude dHvA oscillations between two first order metamagnetic transitions delimiting the phase. Two distinct frequencies were observed, and their amplitudes follow the normal Lifshitz-Kosevich profile. The Fermi surface sheets seem to correspond to a subset of those detected outside the phase. Variations of the dHvA frequencies are explained in terms of a chemical potential shift produced by reaching a peak in the density of states, and an anomalous field dependence of the oscillatory amplitude provides information on domains.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures