cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Improved early-warning estimates of luminosity distance and orbital inclination of compact binary mergers using higher modes of gravitational radiation
Creators: name: Singh, Mukesh Kumar
name: Divyajyoti
name: Kapadia, Shasvath J.
name: Shaikh, Md Arif
name: Ajith, Parameswaran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The pre-merger (early-warning) gravitational-wave (GW) detection and localization of a compact binary merger would enable astronomers to capture potential electromagnetic (EM) emissions around the time of the merger, thus shedding light on the complex physics of the merger. While early detection and sky localization are of primary importance to the multimessenger follow-up of the event, improved estimates of luminosity distance and orbital inclination could also provide insights on the observability of the EM emission. In this work, we demonstrate that the inclusion of higher modes of gravitational radiation, which vibrate at higher multiples of the orbital frequency than the dominant mode, would significantly improve the earlywarning estimates of the luminosity distance and orbital inclination of the binary. This will help astronomers to better determine their follow-up strategy. Focusing on future observing runs of the ground-based GW detector network [O5 run of LIGOVirgo-KAGRA, Voyager, and third-generation (3G) detectors], we show that for a range of masses spanning the neutron-star black-hole binaries that are potentially EM-bright, the inclusion of higher modes improve the luminosity distance estimates by a factor of ~ 1 - 1.5 (1.1 - 2) [1.1 - 5] for the O5 (Voyager) [3G] observing scenario, 45 (45) [300] seconds before the merger for the sources located at 100 Mpc. There are significant improvements in orbital inclination estimates as well. We also investigate these improvements with varying sky-location and polarization angle. Combining the luminosity distance uncertainties with localization skyarea estimates, we find that the number of galaxies within localization volume is reduced by a factor of ~ 1 - 2.5 (1.2 - 4) [1.2 - 10] with the inclusion of higher modes at early-warning time of 45 (45) [300] seconds in O5 (Voyager) [3G].
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Habitable planet formation around low-mass stars: Rapid accretion, rapid debris removal and the essential contribution of external giants
Creators: name: Clement, Matthew S.
name: Quintana, Elisa V.
name: Quarles, Billy L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years a paradigm shift has occurred in exoplanet science, wherein low-mass stars are increasingly viewed as a foundational pillar of the search for potentially habitable worlds in the solar neighborhood. However, the formation processes of this rapidly accumulating sample of planet systems are still poorly understood. Moreover, it is unclear whether tenuous primordial atmospheres around these Earth-analogs could have survived the intense epoch of heightened stellar activity that is typical for low-mass stars. We present new simulations of in-situ planet formation across the M-dwarf mass spectrum, and derive leftover debris populations of small bodies that might source delayed volatile delivery. We then follow the evolution of this debris with high-resolution models of real systems of habitable zone planets around low-mass stars such as TRAPPIST-1, Proxima Centauri and TOI-700. While debris in the radial vicinity of the habitable zone planets is removed rapidly, thus making delayed volatile delivery highly unlikely, we find that material ubiquitously scattered into an exo-asteroid belt region during the planet formation process represents a potentially lucrative reservoir of icy small bodies. Thus, the presence of external ~Neptune-Saturn mass planets capable of dynamically perturbing these asteroids would be a sign that habitable zone worlds around low-mass stars might have avoided complete desiccation. However, we also find that such giant planets significantly limit the efficiency of asteroidal implantation during the planet formation process. In the coming decade, long-baseline radial velocity studies and Roman Space Telescope microlensing observations will undoubtedly further constrain this process.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in ApJ
Supplementary Information from Transoceanic origin of microendemic and flightless New Caledonian weevils
Creators: name: Toussaint, Emmanuel F. A.
name: Tänzler, Rene
name: Balke, Michael
name: Riedel, Alexander
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 60301 Animal Systematics and Taxonomy
subject: 60310 Plant Systematics and Taxonomy

description: see page 1 for caption of appendices 1-6
A Power Series Approximation in Symmetry Projected Coupled Cluster Theory
Creators: name: Song, Ruiheng
name: Henderson, Thomas M.
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Projected Hartree-Fock theory provides an accurate description of many kinds of strong correlations but does not properly describe weakly-correlated systems. On the other hand, single-reference methods such as configuration interaction or coupled cluster theory can handle weakly-correlated problems but cannot properly account for strong correlations. Ideally, we would like to combine these approaches in a symmetry-projected coupled cluster approach, but this is far from straightforward. In this work, we provide an alternative formulation to identify the so-called disentangled cluster operators which arise when we combine these two methodological strands. Our formulation shows promising results for model systems and small molecules.
Top-K Pairwise Ranking: Bridging the Gap Among Ranking-Based Measures for Multi-Label Classification
Creators: name: Wang, Zitai
name: Xu, Qianqian
name: Yang, Zhiyong
name: Wen, Peisong
name: He, Yuan
name: Cao, Xiaochun
name: Huang, Qingming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-label ranking, which returns multiple top-ranked labels for each instance, has a wide range of applications for visual tasks. Due to its complicated setting, prior arts have proposed various measures to evaluate model performances. However, both theoretical analysis and empirical observations show that a model might perform inconsistently on different measures. To bridge this gap, this paper proposes a novel measure named Top-K Pairwise Ranking (TKPR), and a series of analyses show that TKPR is compatible with existing ranking-based measures. In light of this, we further establish an empirical surrogate risk minimization framework for TKPR. On one hand, the proposed framework enjoys convex surrogate losses with the theoretical support of Fisher consistency. On the other hand, we establish a sharp generalization bound for the proposed framework based on a novel technique named data-dependent contraction. Finally, empirical results on benchmark datasets validate the effectiveness of the proposed framework.
Two new flavonoids from Artemisia argyi with their anticoagulation activities
Creators: name: Jie-Li Lv
name: Li, Zhen-Zhen
name: Lai-Bin Zhang
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: A new flavone glycoside, eupatilin 7-O-β-d-glucopyranoside (1) and a new flavone, 5,6,2′,4′-tetrahydroxy-7,5′-dimethoxyflavone (2), were isolated from Artemisia argyi. Their structures were unambiguously elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis. Both flavonoids were evaluated for in vitro anticoagulation activities. Compound 1 significantly extended thrombin time. Compound 2 had obvious effect in increasing prothrombin time.
The Quantile Solidarity approach for the parsimonious regionalization of flow duration curves
Creators: name: Poncelet, Carine
name: Vazken Andréassian
name: Oudin, Ludovic
name: Perrin, Charles
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper presents a novel method to estimate flow duration curves (FDCs) for ungauged catchments with permanent flow. It is based on a dataset of 521 catchments located throughout France. The method consists in a three-step procedure called the Quantile Solidarity (QS) approach. First, a regression-based model is built to estimate FDCs in ungauged catchments, linking each flow quantile independently to physical descriptors. The second step involves imposing the continuity of the regression-based model parameters along the quantiles (hence quantile solidarity) to obtain a large reduction in the number of parameters used to estimate the FDC. The last step consists in spatially interpolating the model residuals to further improve the performance of the FDC estimation. The QS approach yields a robust and parsimonious FDC estimation without any loss in simulation efficiency and ensures strictly monotonic FDCs.EDITOR A. Castellarin ASSOCIATE EDITOR A. Efstratiadis EDITOR A. Castellarin ASSOCIATE EDITOR A. Efstratiadis
World political map from OpenStreetMap data
Creators: name: Dražen Tutić
name: Jogun, Tomislav
name: Divjak, Ana Kuveždić
name: Horvat, Martina Triplat
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Ecology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The paper presents the development of an automated procedure for creating a small-scale world political map from OpenStreetMap (OSM) data, and the map itself. A novel approach was used for cartographic processing, while the fitness for use of OSM data for this task was evaluated. It was anticipated and shown that creating a world political map from OSM data is a methodologically and technologically demanding task. The result was a political map of the world at a scale of 1:30,000,000, showing independent states, dependencies and areas of special sovereignty as in the OSM data set, with no adaptation to specific political recognition issues. A high degree of automation built on open-source software was achieved. The resulting map is an intermediate stage of production, requiring modest manual intervention for the final map. By allocating a code to the community (http://github.com/GEOF-OSGL/OSMPoliticalMap), we have provided opportunities for its continuing development.
Multi-direction and Multi-scale Pyramid in Transformer for Video-based Pedestrian Retrieval
Creators: name: Zang, Xianghao
name: Li, Ge
name: Gao, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In video surveillance, pedestrian retrieval (also called person re-identification) is a critical task. This task aims to retrieve the pedestrian of interest from non-overlapping cameras. Recently, transformer-based models have achieved significant progress for this task. However, these models still suffer from ignoring fine-grained, part-informed information. This paper proposes a multi-direction and multi-scale Pyramid in Transformer (PiT) to solve this problem. In transformer-based architecture, each pedestrian image is split into many patches. Then, these patches are fed to transformer layers to obtain the feature representation of this image. To explore the fine-grained information, this paper proposes to apply vertical division and horizontal division on these patches to generate different-direction human parts. These parts provide more fine-grained information. To fuse multi-scale feature representation, this paper presents a pyramid structure containing global-level information and many pieces of local-level information from different scales. The feature pyramids of all the pedestrian images from the same video are fused to form the final multi-direction and multi-scale feature representation. Experimental results on two challenging video-based benchmarks, MARS and iLIDS-VID, show the proposed PiT achieves state-of-the-art performance. Extensive ablation studies demonstrate the superiority of the proposed pyramid structure. The code is available at https://git.openi.org.cn/zangxh/PiT.git.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics
Orbital Evolution of Close-in Super-Earths Driven by Atmospheric Escape
Creators: name: Fujita, Naho
name: Hori, Yasunori
name: Sasaki, Takanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The increasing number of super-Earths close to their host stars revealed a scarcity of close-in small planets with 1.5-2.0$\,R_\oplus$ in the radius distribution of ${\it Kepler}$ planets. The atmospheric escape of super-Earths by photoevaporation can explain the origin of the observed "radius gap." Many theoretical studies considered the in-situ mass loss of a close-in planet. Planets that undergo the atmospheric escape, however, move outward due to the change in the orbital angular momentum of their star-planet systems. In this study, we calculate the orbital evolution of an evaporating super-Earth with a H$_2$/He atmosphere around FGKM-type stars under a stellar X-ray and extreme UV irradiation (XUV). The rate of increase in the orbital radius of an evaporating planet is approximately proportional to that of the atmospheric mass loss during a high stellar XUV phase. We show that super-Earths with a rocky core of $\lesssim$ 10$\,M_\oplus$ and a H$_2$/He atmosphere at $\lesssim$ 0.03-0.1$\,$au ($\lesssim$ 0.01-0.03$\,$au) around G-type stars (M-type stars) are prone to the outward migration driven by photoevaporation. Although the changes in the orbits of the planets would be small, they would rearrange the orbital configurations of compact, multi-planet systems, such as the TRAPPIST-1 system. We also find that the radius gap and the so-called "Neptune desert" in the observed population of close-in planets around FGK-type stars still appear in our simulations. On the other hand, the observed planet population around M-type stars can be reproduced only by a high stellar XUV luminosity model.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Life Cycle Analysis of Low Carbon Roller Compacted Concrete Pavements
Creators: name: Telford, Alex
name: Rengaraju, Sripriya
name: Mohammed, Haneen
name: Nassar, Ahmed
name: Al-Tabbaa, Abir
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2024
Subjects: Roller compacted concrete, life cycle analysis, cement replacement, non-virgin aggregates, global warming potential, abiotic depletion

description: Roller compacted concrete (RCC) is a zero-slump concrete with lower ordi-nary Portland cement (OPC) content and water/cement, and a higher propor-tion of aggregates than conventional concrete. Life cycle analysis (LCA) was performed with a cradle-to-gate system boundary to compare the impacts of continuously reinforced concrete pavements (CRCP) and RCC pavements per mile of dual carriageway. RCC pavements have less than half of the en-vironmental impact of CRCP due to lower thickness of RCC pavement lifts and lower quantity of OPC. Construction processes contributed to only a very small proportion of the total environmental load for both pavement types. In RCC pavements, notable reductions in the GWP were observed with partial replacement of cement. Compared to fly ash and ground granu-lated blast furnace slag, limestone calcined clay cement has the lowest CO2e emissions for concretes with similar compressive strength, due to its shorter transport distances. The benefits of using recycled concrete aggregates and reclaimed asphalt pavement aggregates in RCC pavements were outweighed by their long transport distances. The geographic availability of materials is critical to consider when replacing OPC and natural aggregates to reduce RCC pavement environmental impacts.
Thermal processing of Jupiter Family Comets during their chaotic orbital evolution
Creators: name: Gkotsinas, Anastasios
name: Guilbert-Lepoutre, Aurélie
name: Raymond, Sean N.
name: Nesvorný, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Evidence for cometary activity beyond Jupiter and Saturn's orbits -- such as that observed for Centaurs and long period comets -- suggests that the thermal processing of comet nuclei starts long before they enter the inner Solar System, where they are typically observed and monitored. Such observations raise questions as to the depth of unprocessed material, and whether the activity of JFCs can be representative of any primitive material. Here we model the coupled thermal and dynamical evolution of Jupiter Family Comets (JFCs), from the moment they leave their outer Solar System reservoirs until their ejection into interstellar space. We apply a thermal evolution model to a sample of simulated JFCs obtained from dynamical simulations (arXiv:1706.07447) that successfully reproduce the orbital distribution of observed JFCs. We show that due to the stochastic nature of comet trajectories toward the inner solar system, all simulated JFCs undergo multiple heating episodes resulting in significant modifications of their initial volatile contents. A statistical analysis constrains the extent of such processing. We suggest that primordial condensed hypervolatile ices should be entirely lost from the layers that contribute to cometary activity observed today. Our results demonstrate that understanding the orbital (and thus, heating) history of JFCs is essential when putting observations in a broader context.
description: 30 pages, 10 figures, to be published in ApJ
Enhanced light collection from a gallium nitride color center using a near index-matched solid immersion lens
Creators: name: Bishop, S. G.
name: Hadden, J. P.
name: Hekmati, R.
name: Cannon, J. K.
name: Langbein, W. W.
name: Bennett, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Among the wide-bandgap compound semiconductors, gallium nitride is the most widely available material due to its prevalence in the solid state lighting and high-speed/high-power electronics industries. It is now known that GaN is one of only a handful of materials to host color centers that emit quantum light at room temperature. In this paper, we report on a bright color center in a semi-polar gallium nitride substrate, emitting at room temperature in the near-infrared. We show that a hemispherical solid immersion lens, near index matched to the semiconductor, can be used to enhance the photon collection efficiency by a factor of $4.3\pm0.1$, whilst improving the lateral resolution by a factor equal to the refractive index of the lens.
Cartoon versus traditional self-study handouts for medical students: CARTOON randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Detajin Junhasavasdikul
name: Kanokporn Sukhato
name: Suthan Srisangkaew
name: Nawanan Theera-Ampornpunt
name: Thunyarat Anothaisintawee
name: Dellow, Alan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Objective: The objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of a “cartoon-style” handout with a “traditional-style” handout in a self-study assignment for preclinical medical students. Methods: Third-year medical students (n = 93) at the Faculty of Medicine Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, took a pre-learning assessment of their knowledge of intercostal chest drainage. They were then randomly allocated to receive either a “cartoon-style” or a “traditional-style” handout on the same topic. After studying these over a 2-week period, students completed a post-learning assessment and estimated their levels of reading completion. Results: Of the 79 participants completing the post-learning test, those in the cartoon-style group achieved a score 13.8% higher than the traditional-style group (p = 0.018). A higher proportion of students in the cartoon-style group reported reading ≥75% of the handout content (70.7% versus 42.1%). In post-hoc analyses, students whose cumulative grade point averages (GPA) from previous academic assessments were in the middle and lower range achieved higher scores with the cartoon-style handout than with the traditional one. In the lower-GPA group, the use of a cartoon-style handout was independently associated with a higher score. Conclusions: Students given a cartoon-style handout reported reading more of the material and achieved higher post-learning test scores than students given a traditional handout.
The CLC-UKET Dataset: Benchmarking Case Outcome Prediction for the UK Employment Tribunal
Creators: name: Steffek, Matthias
name: Xie, Huiyuan
name: Ribeiro De Faria, Joana
name: Carter, Christine
name: Rutherford, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2024

description: This paper explores the intersection of tech- nological innovation and access to justice by developing a benchmark for predicting case outcomes in the UK Employment Tribunal (UKET). To address the challenge of extensive manual annotation, the study employs a large language model (LLM) for automatic annota- tion, resulting in the creation of the CLC-UKET dataset. The dataset consists of approximately 19,000 UKET cases and their metadata. Com- prehensive legal annotations cover facts, claims, precedent references, statutory references, case outcomes, reasons and jurisdiction codes. Fa- cilitated by the CLC-UKET data, we examine a multi-class case outcome prediction task in the UKET. Human predictions are collected to establish a performance reference for model comparison. Empirical results from baseline models indicate that finetuned transformer mod- els outperform zero-shot and few-shot LLMs on the UKET prediction task. The performance of zero-shot LLMs can be enhanced by integrat- ing task-related information into few-shot ex- amples. We hope that the CLC-UKET dataset, along with human annotations and empirical findings, can serve as a valuable benchmark for employment-related dispute resolution.
Near-Infrared Proper Motion Surveys
Creators: name: Smith, Leigh Charles
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2016
Subjects: catalogues
proper motions
parallaxes
binaries
low-mass stars
brown dwarfs
white dwarfs
stellar kinematics and dynamics
solar neighbourhood

description: I present the development of two near infrared proper motion pipelines for high resolution near infrared data from UKIDSS and the VISTA VVV survey. The UKIDSS pipeline is capable of accuracies of order 5 − 10 mas yr−1 for bright sources with the largest epoch baselines (∼ 8 years). The VVV pipeline reaches 1 − 2 mas yr−1 proper motion precision at the bright end and parallax measurements at ∼ 1 mas precision. It will be possible to improve upon the VVV astrometric precision due to increases in data volume and further pipeline development. I have used the proper motion pipelines to generate three near infrared proper motion catalogues of the UKIDSS LAS and GPS and the VVV survey. The LAS proper motion catalogue covers 1500 deg2 at high Galactic latitudes and contains approximately 15 million sources with two J band epochs. The GPS proper motion catalogue covers 1500 deg2 of the northern Galactic plane and contains approximately 400 million sources with two K band epochs. The VVV proper motion catalogue covers 560 deg2 of the Galactic bulge and disc and contains approximately 200 million sources with between 50 and 150 Ks band epochs. I have also produced a preliminary 5σ parallax catalogue containing 3403 VVV sources. The LAS and GPS proper motion catalogues have been used by myself and other authors to identify and study many new examples of high proper motion stars, brown dwarfs, ul-tracool dwarf benchmark candidates, cool white dwarfs, substellar subdwarfs and nearby sources within < 25 pc. These catalogues remain far from fully exploited and will be a useful resource for future research by the astronomical community. Exploitation of the VVV proper motion catalogue is still in its infancy, yet it has already generated large numbers of new high proper motion sources. These include new brown dwarf candi-dates, important benchmark objects, and nearby sources which have previously avoided detection. Parallax results from the VVV pipeline will be useful to improve low mass star/ultracool dwarf luminosity functions, significantly increasing the numbers of brown dwarfs with known parallaxes and illustrates how general purpose multi-epoch wide area surveys can generate parallaxes. Finally, I discuss the long term usefulness of such catalogues in the Gaia era and how they might be exploited in the future.
Classification of X-ray Flare Driven Chemical Variability in Protoplanetary Disks
Creators: name: Waggoner, Abygail R.
name: Cleeves, L. Ilsedore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Young stars are highly variable in the X-ray regime. In particular, bright X-ray flares can substantially enhance ionization in the surrounding protoplanetary disk. Since disk chemical evolution is impacted by ionization, X-ray flares have the potential to fundamentally alter the chemistry of planet forming regions. We present 2D disk chemical models that incorporate a stochastic X-ray flaring module, named \xgen, and examine the flares' overall chemical impact compared to models that assume a constant X-ray flux. We examine the impact of 500 years of flaring events and find global chemical changes on both short time scales (days) in response to discrete flaring events and long time-scales (centuries) in response to the cumulative impact of many flares. Individual X-ray flares most strongly affect small gas-phase cations, where a single flare can temporarily enhance the abundance of species such as H$_3^+$, HCO$^+$, CH$_3^+$, and C$^+$. We find that flares can also drive chemistry out of "steady state" over longer time periods, where the disk-integrated abundance of some species, such as O and O$_2$, changes by a few percent over the 500 year model. We also explore whether the specific history of X-ray flaring events (randomly drawn but from the same energy distribution) impacts the chemical evolution and find that it does not. Finally, we examine the impact of X-ray flares on the electron fraction. While most molecules modeled are not highly sensitive to flares, certain species, including observable molecules, are very reactive to the dynamic environment of a young star.
description: 19 pages, 14 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Additional file 1 of The effects of BMMSC treatment on lung tissue degeneration in elderly macaques
Creators: name: Yang, Yu-kun
name: Li, Ye
name: Wang, Yan-ying
name: Ruan, Guang-ping
name: Tian, Chuan
name: Wang, Qiang
name: He, Huan-yu
name: Zhu, Gao-hong
name: Fang, Dong
name: Wang, Mao
name: Zhu, Xiang-qing
name: Pan, Xing-hua
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Preparation and identification of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells of macaque
Using Multiple Emission Line Ratios to Constrain the Slope of the Dust Attenuation Law
Creators: name: Prescott, Moire K. M.
name: Finlator, Kristian M.
name: Cleri, Nikko J.
name: Trump, Jonathan R.
name: Papovich, Casey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility and practical limitations of using a three-line approach to measure both the slope and normalization of the dust attenuation law in individual galaxies. To do this, we focus on a sample of eleven galaxies with existing ground-based Balmer H$α$ and H$β$ measurements from slit spectra, plus space-based grism constraints on Paschen-$β$. When accounting for observational uncertainties, we show that one galaxy has a well-constrained dust law slope and normalization in the range expected from theoretical arguments; this galaxy therefore provides an example of what may be possible in the future. However, most of the galaxies are best-fit by unusually steep or shallow slopes. We then explore whether additional astrophysical effects or observational biases could explain the elevated Paschen-$β$/H$α$ ratios driving these results. We find that galaxies with high Paschen-$β$/H$α$ ratios may be explained by slightly sub-unity covering fractions ($>$97%). Alternatively, differing slit losses for different lines can have a large impact on the results, emphasizing the importance of measuring all three lines with a consistent spectroscopic aperture. We conclude that while the three-line approach to constraining the shape of the dust attenuation law in individual galaxies is promising, deep observations and a consistent observational strategy will be required to minimize observational biases and to disentangle the astrophysically interesting effect of differing covering fractions. The James Webb Space Telescope will provide more sensitive measurements of Balmer and Paschen lines for galaxies at $z\approx0.3-2$, enabling uniform constraints on the optical-infrared dust attenuation law and its intrinsic variation.
description: 7 figures, 3 tables, accepted to ApJ
Development and application of an automated subcatchment generator for SWMM using open data
Creators: name: Warsta, Lassi
name: Niemi, Tero J.
name: Taka, Maija
name: Krebs, Gerald
name: Haahti, Kersti
name: Koivusalo, Harri
name: Kokkonen, Teemu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: An open source subcatchment generator program was developed for the Stormwater Management Model (SWMM) to automate tedious stages in the model construction process. The generator divides the investigated area into subcatchments using a uniform computation grid and connects the grid cells together and to the underlying stormwater network. The system was tested by applying it to two small urban catchments with different fractions of impervious surfaces in Helsinki, Finland, using mostly openly available data. The simulated discharge results were compared to measured data and to results obtained from manually built models. The proposed system significantly accelerated the setup of a SWMM modelling project, as the routing between the subcatchments as well as the subcatchment slopes and flow widths were directly derived from the computation grid. Automatically generated and manually constructed SWMM models produced discharge results that differed only slightly from each other.
Assessing the Influence of Input Magnetic Maps on Global Modeling of the Solar Wind and CME-driven Shock in the 2013 April 11 Event
Creators: name: Jin, Meng
name: Nitta, Nariaki V.
name: Cohen, Christina M. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past decade, significant efforts have been made in developing physics-based solar wind and coronal mass ejection (CME) models, which have been or are being transferred to national centers (e.g., SWPC, CCMC) to enable space weather predictive capability. However, the input data coverage for space weather forecasting is extremely limited. One major limitation is the solar magnetic field measurements, which are used to specify the inner boundary conditions of the global magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) models. In this study, using the Alfven wave solar model (AWSoM), we quantitatively assess the influence of the magnetic field map input (synoptic/diachronic vs. synchronic magnetic maps) on the global modeling of the solar wind and the CME-driven shock in the 2013 April 11 solar energetic particle (SEP) event. Our study shows that due to the inhomogeneous background solar wind and dynamical evolution of the CME, the CME-driven shock parameters change significantly both spatially and temporally as the CME propagates through the heliosphere. The input magnetic map has a great impact on the shock connectivity and shock properties in the global MHD simulation. Therefore this study illustrates the importance of taking into account the model uncertainty due to the imperfect magnetic field measurements when using the model to provide space weather predictions.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in Space Weather
A 16 au Binary in the Class 0 Protostar L1157 MMS
Creators: name: Tobin, John J.
name: Cox, Erin G.
name: Looney, Leslie W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLA observations toward the Class 0 protostar L1157 MMS at 6.8 mm and 9 mm with a resolution of ~0.04" (14 au). We detect two sources within L1157 MMS and interpret these sources as a binary protostar with a separation of ~16 au. The material directly surrounding the binary system within the inner 50 au radius of the system has an estimated mass of 0.11 M_sun, calculated from the observed dust emission. We interpret the observed binary system in the context of previous observations of its flattened envelope structure, low rates of envelope rotation from 5000 to 200 au scales, and an ordered, poloidal magnetic field aligned with the outflow. Thus, L1157 MMS is a prototype system for magnetically-regulated collapse and the presence of a compact binary within L1157 MMS demonstrates that multiple star formation can still occur within envelopes that likely have dynamically important magnetic fields.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures, 4 tables, accepted to ApJ
Children's conversations with their friends about living with a parent experiencing mental distress: An IPA Study
Creators: name: Oliver, Sarah
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2018
Subjects: Parental mental distress
Interpretative phenomenological analysis (IPA)
Peer Support
Young People's Experiences

description: Background and Aims Estimates suggest more than three million children and young people (CYP) live with a parent experiencing mental distress (PEMD). It is suggested that CYP are often left to make sense of the uncertain nature of mental distress on their own. Furthermore, the existence of stigma can silence CYP and their families, as they try and hide from the view of others. CYP have voiced their desire for support. However, there are few services available to them in the UK, despite developments in policy highlighting the need for support. As CYP grow up, greater emphasis gets placed on relationships with friends. Therefore, CYP’s peer group may provide a valuable source of support. This research aims to explore how CYP living with a PEMD gaining support from their friends. Methodology This research used a qualitative design to explore CYP’s lived experiences. A purposive sample of six CYP who were living with a PEMD were recruited. CYP were invited to take part in semi-structured interviews, which were then transcribed. Analysis and Findings The interviews were analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA). The analysis revealed three superordinate themes: ‘Fitting the puzzle together’, ‘Finding the experience of talking risky’, and ‘Coping with the up and down rollercoaster’. The findings support research recognising the importance of understanding mental distress, but CYP’s accounts in this study provide further insight into the intricacies of what is meant by understanding. Furthermore, the research brings to light the challenges that CYP face when trying to build trusting relationships, in order to confide in their friends about their parent’s experience of mental distress. Clinical implications, including recommendations for possible interventions are discussed and suggestions for future research are made.
Blue Stragglers as tracers of the dynamical state of two clusters in the Small Magellanic Cloud: NGC 339 and NGC 419
Creators: name: Dresbach, Francesca
name: Massari, Davide
name: Lanzoni, Barbara
name: Ferraro, Francesco R.
name: Dalessandro, Emanuele
name: Raso, Silvia
name: Bellini, Andrea
name: Libralato, Mattia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The level of central segregation of Blue Straggler stars proved to be an excellent tracer of the dynamical evolution of old star clusters (the so-called "dynamical clock"), both in the Milky Way and in the Large Magellanic Cloud. The $A^{+}$ parameter, used to measure the Blue Stragglers degree of segregation, has in fact been found to strongly correlate with the parent cluster central relaxation time. Here we studied the Blue-Straggler population of two young stellar systems in the Small Magellanic Cloud, namely NGC 339 (which is 6 Gyr old) and NGC 419 (with an age of only 1.5 Gyr), in order to study their dynamical state. Thanks to multi-epoch, high angular resolution Hubble Space Telescope observations available for both clusters, we took advantage of the stellar proper motions measured in the regions of the two systems and we selected a population of likely cluster members, removing the strong contamination from Small Magellanic Cloud stars. This enabled us to study, with unprecedented accuracy, the radial distribution of Blue Stragglers in these two extragalactic clusters and to measure their dynamical age. As expected for such young clusters, we found that both systems are poorly evolved from the dynamical point of view, also fully confirming that the $A^{+}$ parameter is a sensitive "clock hand" even in the dynamically-young regime.
description: 12 pages,11 figures, Accepted for publication by ApJ
Trainee Clinical Psychologists' Experiences of Personal Therapy and Its Relationship to Development Across Training: A Grounded Theory Study
Creators: name: Malpass, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: UH Research Archive
Year: 2018
Subjects: Personal Therapy
Clinical Psychology Training
Trainee Clinical Psychologist
Reflective Practice
Therapy
Training

description: Although it is not a professional requirement, research shows that some Trainee Clinical Psychologists (CPs) access PT (PT) whilst training (Nel, Pezzolesi & Stott, 2012). CPs’ practice is moving towards the Reflective-Scientist-Practitioner Model, therefore identifying ways that CPs may develop reflective skills is required. Most other therapeutic trainings have PT as a requirement (Malikiosi-Loizos 2013), which is suggested as a method of developing reflective skills (Lavender, 2003; Wigg Cushway & Neal, 2011). Little research has investigated the use of PT by Trainee CPs. The current study explored processes by which 12 Trainee CPs experienced their own (PT), and how these processes related to their development whilst training. Participants were interviewed using single, semi-structured interviews. Data was analysed using Constructivist Grounded Theory (Charmaz, 2014). Two models were constructed, these described participants’ decision to access PT mediated by anticipating or experiencing distress and learning about the self through PT. Participants seemed to develop and learn about themselves in three domains; 1) Learning about me: Personally; 2) Learning about me: Professionally; and 3) Learning about me: Being a client. I understand this development occurred through the continuous process of participants taking a dilemma to PT, reflecting upon the dilemma, and thereby acquiring a different understanding of themselves. These experiences apparently permit participants to integrate personal attributes into their professional identities and to model positive experiences from their own therapy in their practice. The results support PT as a method of developing competencies required within the Reflective Practitioner Model, implying that the use of PT for Trainee CPs should be considered within professional training. Furthermore, participants described emotional struggles during training which they perceived, according to professional discourses, to be unacceptable. This implies that evaluating formal and informal support systems for Trainee CPs is essential.
Observability of superconductivity in Sr-doped Bi2Se3 at the surface using scanning tunneling microscope
Creators: name: Bagchi, Mahasweta
name: Brede, Jens
name: Ando, Yoichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superconducting materials family of doped Bi2Se3 remains intensively studied in the field of condensed matter physics due to strong experimental evidence for topologically non-trivial superconductivity in the bulk. However, at the surface of these materials, even the observation of superconductivity itself is still controversial. We use scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) down to 0.4 K to show that on the surface of bulk superconducting SrxBi2Se3, no gap in the density of states is observed around the Fermi energy as long as clean metallic probe tips are used. Nevertheless, using scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray analysis, we find that micron-sized flakes of SrxBi2Se3 are easily transferred from the sample onto the STM probe tip and that such flakes consistently show a superconducting gap in the density of states. We argue that the superconductivity in SrxBi2Se3 crystals does not extend to the surface when the topological surface state (TSS) is intact, but in micro-flakes the TSS has been destroyed due to strain and allows the superconductivity to extend to the surface. To understand this phenomenon, we propose that the local electric field, always found in electron doped Bi2Se3 in the presence of the TSS due to an intrinsic upward band bending, works against superconductivity at the surface.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Materials
Embedded Young Massive Star Clusters in the Antennae Merger
Creators: name: He, Hao
name: Wilson, Christine
name: Brunetti, Nathan
name: Finn, Molly
name: Bemis, Ashley
name: Johnson, Kelsey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The properties of young massive clusters (YMCs) are key to understanding the star formation mechanism in starburst systems, especially mergers. We present ALMA high-resolution ($\sim$10 pc) continuum (100 and 345 GHz) data of YMCs in the overlap region of the Antennae galaxy. We identify 6 sources in the overlap region, including two sources that lie in the same giant molecular cloud (GMC). These YMCs correspond well with radio sources in lower resolution continuum (100 and 220 GHz) images at GMC scales ($\sim$60 pc). We find most of these YMCs are bound clusters through virial analysis. We estimate their ages to be $\sim$1 Myr and to be either embedded or just beginning to emerge from their parent cloud. We also compare each radio source with Pa$β$ source and find they have consistent total ionizing photon numbers, which indicates they are tracing the same physical source. By comparing the free-free emission at $\sim$10 pc scale and $\sim$60 pc scale, we find that $\sim$50% of the free-free emission in GMCs actually comes from these YMCs. This indicates that roughly half of the stars in massive GMCs are formed in bound clusters. We further explore the mass correlation between YMCs and GMCs in the Antennae and find it generally agrees with the predictions of the star cluster simulations. The most massive YMC has a stellar mass that is 1% - 5% of its host GMC mass.
description: 20 pages, 11 figures; accepted for publication in ApJ; added adjunct affliation
Phenotypic variation in root development of 162 soybean accessions under hypoxia condition at the seedling stage
Creators: name: Suematsu, Keisuke
name: Abiko, Tomomi
name: Nguyen, Van Loc
name: Mochizuki, Toshihiro
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Soybean is often damaged by hypoxia caused by waterlogging at the seedling stage. Hypoxia severely inhibits root development and retards plant growth. We aimed to clarify phenotypic variation in root development under hypoxia condition at the seedling stage using diverse soybean accessions. Root development in 162 accessions was evaluated in hydroponic culture. Substantial changes under hypoxia were investigated by means of WinRHIZO analysis before and after the treatment. We found significant phenotypic variation in hypoxia tolerance in root among the 162 accessions. Principal-components analysis indicated an association between hypoxia tolerance and the country of origin. We found three new accessions which have a high ability to develop roots under hypoxia (Kokubu 7, Maetsue zairai 90B, and Yahagi). Root development in selected accessions was also evaluated in soil culture. Root development levels in hydroponic and soil culture were significantly correlated. These results will provide important information on waterlogging damage in regions where waterlogging occurs. The three accessions with hypoxia-tolerant roots might be useful for genetic improvement of waterlogging tolerance of modern soybean varieties.