cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric distortion and astrometric calibration of the JWST MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrometer
Creators: name: Patapis, Polychronis
name: Argyriou, Ioannis
name: Law, David R.
name: Glauser, Adrian M.
name: Glasse, Alistair
name: Labiano, Álvaro
name: Álvarez-Márquez, Javier
name: Kavanagh, Patrick J.
name: Gasman, Danny
name: Mueller, Michael
name: Larson, Kirsten
name: Vandenbussche, Bart
name: Lee, David
name: Klaassen, Pamela
name: Guillard, Pierre
name: Wright, Gillian S.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Medium-Resolution integral field Spectrometer (MRS) of MIRI on board JWST performs spectroscopy between 5 and 28~$μ$m. The optics of the MRS introduce substantial distortion, and this needs to be rectified in order to reconstruct the observed astrophysical scene. We use data from the JWST/MIRI commissioning and cycle 1 calibration phase, to derive the MRS geometric distortion and astrometric solution, a critical step in the calibration of MRS data. These solutions come in the form of transform matrices that map the detector pixels to spatial coordinates of a local MRS coordinate system called $α$/$β$, to the global JWST observatory coordinates V2/V3. For every MRS spectral band and each slice dispersed on the detector, the transform of detector pixels to $α$/$β$ is fit by a two-dimensional polynomial, using a raster of point source observations. A polynomial transform is used to map the coordinates from $α$/$β$ to V2/V3. We calibrated the distortion of all 198 discrete slices of the MIRI/MRS IFUs, and derived an updated Field of View (FoV) for each MRS spectral band. The precision of the distortion solution is estimated to be better than one tenth of a spatial resolution element, with a root mean square (rms) of 10 milli-arcsecond (mas) at 5 $μ$m, to 23 mas at 27 $μ$m. Finally we find that the wheel positioning repeatability causes an additional astrometric error of rms 30 mas. We have demonstrated the MRS astrometric calibration strategy and analysis enabling the calibration of MRS spectra, a critical step in the data pipeline especially for science with spatially resolved objects. The distortion calibration was folded into the JWST pipeline in Calibration Reference Data System (CRDS) context jwst\_1094.pmap. The distortion calibration precision meets the pre-launch requirement, and the estimated total astrometric uncertainty is 50 mas.
description: arXiv
Escaping the maze: a statistical sub-grid model for cloud-scale density structures in the interstellar medium
Creators: name: Buck, Tobias
name: Pfrommer, Christoph
name: Girichidis, Philipp
name: Corobean, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interstellar medium (ISM) is a turbulent, highly structured multi-phase medium. State-of-the-art cosmological simulations of the formation of galactic discs usually lack the resolution to accurately resolve those multi-phase structures. However, small-scale density structures play an important role in the life cycle of the ISM, and determine the fraction of cold, dense gas, the amount of star formation and the amount of radiation and momentum leakage from cloud-embedded sources. Here, we derive a $statistical\, model$ to calculate the unresolved small-scale ISM density structure from coarse-grained, volume-averaged quantities such as the $gas\, clumping\, factor$, $\mathcal{C}$, and mean density $\left_V$. Assuming that the large-scale ISM density is statistically isotropic, we derive a relation between the three-dimensional clumping factor, $\mathcal{C}_ρ$, and the clumping factor of the $4π$ column density distribution on the cloud surface, $\mathcal{C}_Σ$, and find $\mathcal{C}_Σ=\mathcal{C}_ρ^{2/3}$. Applying our model to calculate the covering fraction, i.e., the $4π$ sky distribution of optically thick sight-lines around sources inside interstellar gas clouds, we demonstrate that small-scale density structures lead to significant differences at fixed physical ISM density. Our model predicts that gas clumping increases the covering fraction by up to 30 per cent at low ISM densities compared to a uniform medium. On the other hand, at larger ISM densities, gas clumping suppresses the covering fraction and leads to increased scatter such that covering fractions can span a range from 20 to 100 per cent at fixed ISM density. All data and example code is publicly available at GitHub.
description: 16 pages with 8 figures, 14 pages main text with 7 figures, 1 page references, 1 page appendix with 1 figure, accepted by MNRAS on April 1st 2022
The moated site at South Park Farm, Grayswood
Creators: name: Graham, David
name: Graham, Audrey C
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2001

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 87, 127-145
description: Reports on investigations undertaken on the scheduled moated site and its environs during clearance and limited restoration work prior to opening the site to the public. There was some evidence of Saxo-Norman activity predating the construction of the moat, which had at least two main phases of development. Historical research suggests that the moat had probably been the site of the manor house of Ashurst, and geophysical and field surveys indicated the position of the buildings on the island and for the sequence of development of the site. Nineteenth-century landscaping and twentieth-century dumping had disturbed or obscured some of the earlier features.
Trajectories and Radiation of Charged Particles in the Pulsar Magnetosphere
Creators: name: Chang, Shan
name: Zhang, Li
name: Jiang, Zejun
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Trajectories and radiation of the accelerating electrons are studied in the pulsar magnetosphere approximated as the electromagnetic field of the Deutsch's solutions. Because the electrons are accelerated rapidly to ultra-relativistic velocity near the neutron star surface, the electron velocity vector (and then its trajectory) is derived from the balance between Lorentz force and radiation reaction force, which makes the pitch angle between electron trajectories and magnetic field lines nonzero in most part of the magnetosphere. In such a case, the spectral energy distributions (SEDs) of synchro-curvature radiation for the accelerating electrons with a mono-energetic form are calculated. Our results indicate that: (i) the pitch angle is the function of electron position ($r, θ, ϕ$) in the open field line regions, and increases with increasing $r$ and $θ$ as well as increasing the inclination angle; (ii) the radius of curvature becomes large along the particle trajectory, and (iii) the SED appears a double peak structure depending on the emission position, where the synchrotron radiation plays an important role in X-ray band and curvature radiation mainly works in GeV band, which is only determined by parameters $α$ and $ζ$
description: 11 pages, 8 figures. Accepted by MNRAS
Commuting operations factorise
Creators: name: Renner, Renato
name: Wolf, Ramona
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
FOS: Physical sciences

description: Consider two agents, Alice and Bob, each of whom takes a quantum input, operates on a shared quantum system $K$, and produces a quantum output. Alice and Bob's operations may commute, in the sense that the joint input-output behaviour is independent of the order in which they access $K$. Here we ask whether this commutation property implies that $K$ can be split into two factors on which Alice and Bob act separately. The question can be regarded as a "fully quantum" generalisation of a problem posed by Tsirelson, who considered the case where Alice and Bob's inputs and outputs are classical. In this case, the answer is negative in general, but it is known that a factorisation exists in finite dimensions. Here we show the same holds in the fully quantum case, i.e., commuting operations factorise, provided that all input systems are finite-dimensional.
description: arXiv
Distance to the Brick cloud using stellar kinematics
Creators: name: Martínez-Arranz, Á.
name: Schödel, R.
name: Nogueras-Lara, F.
name: Shahzamanian, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85A15

description: Context. The central molecular zone at the Galactic center is currently being studied intensively to understand how star formation proceeds under the extreme conditions of a galactic nucleus. Knowing the position of molecular clouds along the line of sight toward the Galactic center has had important implications in our understanding of the physics of the gas and star formation in the central molecular zone.It was recently claimed that the dense molecular cloud G0.253 + 0.016 (the Brick) has a distance of $\sim$7.20 kpc from the Sun. That would place it outside of the central molecular zone, and therefore of the nuclear stellar disk, but still inside the Bulge. Aims. Theoretical considerations as well as observational studies show that stars that belong to the nuclear stellar disk have different kinematics from those that belong to the inner Bulge. Therefore, we aim to constrain the distance to the Brick by studying the proper motions of the stars in the area. Results. The stellar population seen toward the nuclear stellar disk shows the following three kinematic components: 1) Bulge stars with an isotropic velocity dispersion of $\sim$3.5 micro-arc second per year; 2) eastward moving stars on the near side of the nuclear stellar disk; and 3) westward moving stars on the far side of the nuclear stellar disk. We clearly see all three components toward the comparison field. However, toward the Brick, which blocks the light from stars behind it, we can only see kinematic components 1) and 2). Conclusions. While the Brick blocks the light from stars on the far side of the nuclear stellar disk, the detection of a significant component of eastward streaming stars implies that the Brick must be located inside the nuclear stellar disk and, therefore, that it forms part of the central molecular zone.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures
Are task representations gated in macaque prefrontal cortex?
Creators: name: Flesch, Timo
name: Mante, Valerio
name: Newsome, William
name: Saxe, Andrew
name: Summerfield, Christopher
name: Sussillo, David
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
FOS: Biological sciences

description: A recent paper (Flesch et al, 2022) describes behavioural and neural data suggesting that task representations are gated in the prefrontal cortex in both humans and macaques. This short note proposes an alternative explanation for the reported results from the macaque data.
description: arXiv
Non-Transitivity of the Win Ratio and the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUC): a case for evaluating the strength of stochastic comparisons
Creators: name: Demler, Olga V.
name: Demler, Ilona A.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Methodology (stat.ME)
Performance (cs.PF)
Econometrics (econ.EM)
Statistics Theory (math.ST)
Applications (stat.AP)
FOS: Computer and information sciences
FOS: Economics and business
FOS: Mathematics

description: The win ratio (WR) is a novel statistic used in randomized controlled trials that can account for hierarchies within event outcomes. In this paper we report and study the long-run non-transitive behavior of the win ratio and the closely related Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristics Curve (AUC) and argue that their transitivity cannot be taken for granted. Crucially, traditional within-group statistics (i.e., comparison of means) are always transitive, while the WR can detect non-transitivity. Non-transitivity provides valuable information on the stochastic relationship between two treatment groups, which should be tested and reported. We specify the necessary conditions for transitivity, the sufficient conditions for non-transitivity, and demonstrate non-transitivity in a real-life large randomized controlled trial for the WR of time-to-death. Our results can be used to rule out or evaluate the possibility of non-transitivity and show the importance of studying the strength of stochastic relationships.
description: arXiv
Analysis of the Swiss urban climate over the past five years
Creators: name: Canton, Jacopo
name: Dipankar, Anurag
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: Switzerland is home to several medium to small cities, usually situated on lakes or large rivers and always in the proximity of mountains. Both size and location contribute to reducing the dominance of the urban climate over the local weather systems, e.g., lake breezes, mountain and valley winds, but the interaction between Swiss cities and the local climate has long been monitored with measurements [1]. This contribution presents a numerical analysis of the alpine country over the past five years (2017-2022). The focus is on the urban climate and urban heat island (UHI) effect. The simulations are performed with the Consortium for Small-Scale Modeling (COSMO) model at a resolution of 1.1km, with explicit convection, and are validated against measurements by the Federal Office of Meteorology and Climatology. The bulk scheme TERRA_URB [2] is employed for modelling urban areas and is provided with a 100m-resolution state-of-the-art database for the subdivision of the urban landscape into local climate zones (LCZ) [3]. Our findings show that the UHI of Swiss cities (i.e., the temperature delta between city centre and a rural reference) closely follows the weather patterns measured over the same period and does not show a net positive trend, despite the continuous urbanization of the country which is in line with the European average [4]. The number of tropical nights (i.e., nights when the temperature did not drop below 20C) and other “classic” measures show comparable trends. The only year exhibiting a clear variation is 2022, which was a record warm year for large parts of Europe. Regarding UHI the worst affected city is Zurich, with a time averaged maximum UHI of around 3C, while most other large cities have values of 2-2.5C and smaller cities between 0.5 and 2C. Lugano, the only city in our analysis south of the Alps, presents the highest number of tropical nights, followed by Geneva and Lausanne. Simulations allow us to investigate the space-dependent nature of the UHI effect, which is especially insightful for medium-small cities. We present such an analysis for the ten largest Swiss cities, providing an objective quantification of the effects caused by different LCZs and geographical features, as well as a direct intercomparison between similarly built-up areas in different cities. The seasonality of UHI as well as the influence of weather patterns on its magnitude are also analysed, completing the spatiotemporal picture of the country’s current urban climate.
Origin of supermassive black holes in massive metal-poor protoclusters
Creators: name: Schleicher, D. R. G.
name: Reinoso, B.
name: Latif, M.
name: Klessen, R. S.
name: Vergara, M. Z. C.
name: Das, A.
name: Alister, P.
name: Díaz, V. B.
name: Solar, P. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While large numbers of supermassive black holes have been detected at z>6, their origin is still essentially unclear. Numerical simulations have shown that the conditions for the classical direct collapse scenario are very restrictive and fragmentation is very difficult to be avoided. We thus consider here a more general case of a dense massive protostar cluster at low metallicity (
description: 9 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Accepted for publication with MNRAS
Covariance Estimation: Optimal Dimension-free Guarantees for Adversarial Corruption and Heavy Tails
Creators: name: Abdalla, Pedro
name: Zhivotovskiy, Nikita
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023
Subjects: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
Probability (math.PR)
FOS: Mathematics
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We provide an estimator of the covariance matrix that achieves the optimal rate of convergence (up to constant factors) in the operator norm under two standard notions of data contamination: We allow the adversary to corrupt an $η$-fraction of the sample arbitrarily, while the distribution of the remaining data points only satisfies that the $L_{p}$-marginal moment with some $p \ge 4$ is equivalent to the corresponding $L_2$-marginal moment. Despite requiring the existence of only a few moments, our estimator achieves the same tail estimates as if the underlying distribution were Gaussian. As a part of our analysis, we prove a dimension-free Bai-Yin type theorem in the regime $p > 4$.
description: arXiv
Moated Sites in Surrey: a provisional List
Creators: name: Turner, D J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 71, 89-94
description: This list of moated sites in the historic county is subject to correction and addition, but supersedes lists recently published in Surrey Archaeological Society Bulletins. Many of the sites listed no longer have any visible remains and it is certain that there are many more destroyed sites awaiting rediscovery. It is also probable that a number of moated sites identifiable in the field still await discovery – a handful of well-preserved sites and a larger number of others have been identified in the County since the Second World War.
MRI-powered Magnetic Miniature Capsule Robot with HIFU-controlled On-demand Drug Delivery
Creators: name: Tiryaki, Mehmet Efe
name: Dogangun, Fatih
name: Dayan, Cem Balda
name: Wrede, Paul
name: Sitti, Metin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided robotic systems offer great potential for new minimally invasive medical tools, including MRI-powered miniature robots. By re-purposing the imaging hardware of an MRI scanner, the magnetic miniature robot could be navigated into the remote part of the patient's body without needing tethered endoscopic tools. However, the state-of-art MRI-powered magnetic miniature robots have limited functionality besides navigation. Here, we propose an MRI-powered magnetic miniature capsule robot benefiting from acoustic streaming forces generated by MRI-guided high-intensity focus ultrasound (HIFU) for controlled drug release. Our design comprises a polymer capsule shell with a submillimeter-diameter drug-release hole that captures an air bubble functioning as a stopper. We use the HIFU pulse to initiate drug release by removing the air bubble once the capsule robot reaches the target location. By controlling acoustic pressure, we also regulate the drug release rate for multiple location targeting during navigation. We demonstrated that the proposed magnetic capsule robot could travel at high speed up to 1.13 cm/s in ex vivo porcine small intestine and release drug to multiple target sites in a single operation, using a combination of MRI-powered actuation and HIFU-controlled release. The proposed MRI-guided microrobotic drug release system will greatly impact minimally invasive medical procedures by allowing on-demand targeted drug delivery.
description: ArXiv
Influence of phosphorylation on the foamability and stability of bovine serum albumin and citrus peel pectin mixed foams
Creators: name: Shrikant Modak
name: V. Guru Krishna Kumar
name: Gupta, Sharad
name: Prachi Thareja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: We study the influence of phosphorylation on the foamability and stability of bovine serum albumin (BSA), phosphorylated BSA (pBSA), and citrus peel pectin (CPP) mixed foams as a function of BSA–CPP, pBSA–CPP mixing ratios, at a fixed solution pH of 4.5. Our results show that pBSA solutions result in more stable foams as compared with their BSA counterparts. We further show that the addition of CPP leads to BSA–CPP and pBSA–CPP complexation which increases the foamability and stability of foams as compared with protein-only foams. Also, foam stability is highest for pBSA–CPP mixed foams with mixing ratio pBSA:CPP = 1:1 due to the combined effect of pBSA–pBSA and pBSA–CPP interactions.
Merton Priory: Twelfth Century Extension
Creators: name: Green, Lionel
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 71, 95-100
description: This paper suggests that the eastern extension of the church (TQ 266 699) may have taken place in the 12th century and not the 13th as concluded from the excavations at Merton in 1921-2.
fBLS -- a fast-folding BLS algorithm
Creators: name: Shahaf, Sahar
name: Zackay, Barak
name: Mazeh, Tsevi
name: Faigler, Simchon
name: Ivashtenko, Oryna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present fBLS -- a novel fast-folding technique to search for transiting planets, based on the fast-folding algorithm (FFA), which is extensively used in pulsar astronomy. For a given lightcurve with $N$ data points, fBLS simultaneously produces all the binned phase-folded lightcurves for an array of $N_p$ trial periods. For each folded lightcurve produced by fBLS, the algorithm generates the standard BLS periodogram and statistics. The number of performed arithmetic operations is $\mathcal{O}\big(N_p\cdot\log N_p \big)$, while regular BLS requires $\mathcal{O}\big(N_p\cdot N\big)$ operations. fBLS can be used to detect small rocky transiting planets, with periods shorter than one day, a period range for which the computation is extensive. We demonstrate the capabilities of the new algorithm by performing a preliminary fBLS search for planets with ultra-short periods in the Kepler main-sequence lightcurves. In addition, we developed a simplistic signal validation scheme for vetting the planet candidates. This two-stage preliminary search identified all known ultra-short planet candidates and found three new ones.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, MNRAS accepted
Design and Development of a Lorentz Force-Based MRI-Driven Neuroendoscope
Creators: name: Phelan III, Martin Francis
name: Dogan, Nihal Olcay
name: Lazovic, Jelena
name: Sitti, Metin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: The introduction of neuroendoscopy, microneurosurgery, neuronavigation, and intraoperative imaging for surgical operations has made significant improvements over other traditionally invasive surgical techniques. The integration of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-driven surgical devices with intraoperative imaging and endoscopy can enable further advancements in surgical treatments and outcomes. This work proposes the design and development of an MRI-driven endoscope leveraging the high (3-7 T), external magnetic field of an MR scanner for heat-mitigated steering within the ventricular system of the brain. It also demonstrates the effectiveness of a Lorentz force-based grasper for diseased tissue manipulation and ablation. Feasibility studies show the neuroendoscope can be steered precisely within the lateral ventricle to locate a tumor using both MRI and endoscopic guidance. Results also indicate grasping forces as high as 31 mN are possible and power inputs as low as 0.69 mW can cause cancerous tissue ablation. These findings enable further developments of steerable devices using MR imaging integrated with endoscopic guidance for improved outcomes.
description: arXiv
Six New Compact Triply Eclipsing Triples Found With TESS
Creators: name: Rappaport, S. A.
name: Borkovits, T.
name: Gagliano, R.
name: Jacobs, T. L.
name: Kostov, V. B.
name: Powell, B. P.
name: Terentev, I.
name: Omohundro, M.
name: Torres, G.
name: Vanderburg, A.
name: Mitnyan, T.
name: Kristiansen, M. H.
name: LaCourse, D.
name: Schwengeler, H. M.
name: Kaye, T. G.
name: Pál, A.
name: Pribulla, T.
name: Bíró, I. B.
name: Csányi, I.
name: Garai, Z.
name: Zasche, P.
name: Maxted, P. F. L.
name: Rodriguez, J. E.
name: Stevens, D. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report the discovery and analysis of six new compact triply eclipsing triple star systems found with the TESS mission: TICs 37743815, 42565581, 54060695, 178010808, 242132789, and 456194776. All of these exhibit distinct third body eclipses where the inner eclipsing binary (EB) occults the third (`tertiary') star, or vice versa. We utilized the TESS photometry, archival photometric data, and available archival spectral energy distribution curves (SED) to solve for the properties of all three stars, as well as many of the orbital elements. We describe in detail our SED fits, search of the archival data for the outer orbital period, and the final global photodynamical analyses. From these analyses we find that all six systems are coplanar to within $0^\circ$ - $5^\circ$, and are viewed nearly edge on (i.e., within a couple of degrees). The outer orbital periods and eccentricities of the six systems are {$P_{\rm out}$ (days), $e$}: {68.7, 0.36}, {123, 0.16}, {60.7, 0.01}, {69.0, 0.29}, {41.5, 0.01}, {93.9, 0.29}, respectively, in the order the sources are listed above. The masses of all 12 EB stars were in the range of 0.7-1.8 M$_\odot$ and were situated near the main sequence. By contrast, the masses and radii of the tertiary stars ranged from 1.5-2.3 M$_\odot$ and 2.9-12 R$_\odot$, respectively. We use this information to estimate the occurrence rate of compact flat triple systems.
description: 28 pages, 7 figures, 16 tables; accepted for publication in MNRAS
Influence of Phosphorylation on the Foamability and Stability of Bovine Serum Albumin and Citrus Peel Pectin Mixed Foams
Creators: name: Shrikant Modak
name: Guru V. Krishnakumar
name: Gupta, Sharad
name: Prachi Thareja
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: We study the influence of phosphorylation on the foamability and stability of Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), phosphorylated BSA (pBSA) and citrus peel pectin (CPP) mixed foams as a function of BSA – CPP, pBSA – CPP mixing ratios, at a fixed solution pH of 4.5. Our results show that pBSA solutions result in more stable foams as compared to their BSA counterparts. We further show that the addition of CPP leads to BSA – CPP and pBSA – CPP complexation which increases the foamability and stability of foams as compared to protein only foams. Also, foam stability is highest for pBSA – CPP mixed foams with mixing ratio pBSA:CPP = 1:1 due to the combined effect of pBSA – pBSA and pBSA – CPP interactions.
The vegetational history of Old Hall Copse, Woking
Creators: name: Finden-Browne, Helena
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2001

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 87, 157-168
description: Results of palynological analysis and historical research are used to reconstruct the vegetational history of the moated site. Sediment samples were taken from the moat and stewponds. The moat contained evidence of medieval and later cereal cultivation and the contemporary character of the farm is predominantly grassland. The stewpond record showed evidence of Corylus coppicing over a considerable period. The relative merits of palynological and documentary evidence are considered.
Advanced superhydrophobic electroactive fluorinated polyimide and its application in anticorrosion coating
Creators: name: Tsao-Cheng Huang
name: Lu-Chen Yeh
name: Guan-Hui Lai
name: Huang, Bi-Sheng
name: Ta-I Yang
name: Sheng-Chieh Hsu
name: An-Ya Lo
name: Jui-Ming Yeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: A novel superhydrophobicelectroactive fluorinated polyimide (HEFPI) was first synthesized from aniline trimer and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride. The HEFPI could be fabricated as superhydrophobicfilm by replicated the surface of the Xanthosomasagittifolium leaves. The water contact angle of HEFPI film reaches as high as 157 ° and the superhydrophobic property of HEFPI could coat on cold-rolled steel (CRS) to prevent the metal corrosion. Electroactivity of EFPI was evaluated by performing electrochemical cyclic voltammetry study. Besides, redox catalytic capabilities of aniline trimer units existed in HEFPI main chain may induce the formation of passive metal oxide layers on the CRS electrode. The synergistic effects (hydrophobic property and passive metal oxide layers) make the HEFPI coating has great potential for advanced anticorrosion material.
Multi-Objective Evolutionary Beer Optimisation
Creators: name: al-Rifaie, Mohammad Majid
name: Cavazza, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: G.1.6; H.3.3

description: Food production is a complex process which can benefit from many optimisation approaches. However, there is growing interest in methods that support customisation of food properties to satisfy individual consumer preferences. This paper addresses the personalisation of beer properties. Having identified components of the production process for craft beers whose production tends to be less standardised, we introduce a system which enables brewers to map the desired beer properties into ingredients dosage and combination. Previously explored approaches include direct use of structural equations as well as global machine learning methods. We introduce a framework which uses an evolutionary method supporting multi-objective optimisation. This work identifies problem-dependent objectives, their associations, and proposes a workflow to automate the discovery of multiple novel recipes based on user-defined criteria. The quality of the solutions generated by the multi-objective optimiser is compared against solutions from multiple runs of the method, and those of a single objective evolutionary technique. This comparison provides a road-map allowing the users to choose among more varied options or to fine-tune one of the favourite identified solution. The experiments presented here demonstrate the usability of the framework as well as the transparency of its criteria.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures, 6 tables, GECCO
Thermocapillary-driven fluid flow within microchannels
Creators: name: Amador, Guillermo J.
name: Fatih Tabak, Ahmet
name: Ren, Ziyu
name: Alapan, Yunus
name: Yasa, Oncay
name: Sitti, Metin
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2018
Subjects: Thermocapillary
Microfluidics
Lab-on-a-chip
Marangoni flow
Thermal gradients

description: Surface tension gradients induce Marangoni flow, which may be exploited for fluid transport. At the micrometer scale, these surface-driven flows can be more significant than those driven by pressure. By introducing fluid-fluid interfaces on the walls of microfluidic channels, we use surface tension gradients to drive bulk fluid flows. The gradients are specifically induced through thermal energy, exploiting the temperature dependence of a fluid-fluid interface to generate thermocapillary flow. In this report, we provide the design concept for a biocompatible, thermocapillary microchannel capable of being powered by solar irradiation. Using temperature gradients on the order of degrees Celsius per centimeter, we achieve fluid velocities on the order of millimeters per second. Following experimental observations, fluid dynamic models, and numerical simulation, we find that the fluid velocity is linearly proportional to the provided temperature gradient, enabling full control of the fluid flow within the microchannels.
description: arXiv
Molecules in the carbon-rich protoplanetary nebula CRL 2688
Creators: name: Qiu, Jian-Jie
name: Zhang, Yong
name: Zhang, Jiang-Shui
name: Nakashima, Jun-ichi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of the carbon-rich protoplanetary nebula (PPN) CRL 2688 made with the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimetrique (IRAM) 30 m telescope in the 3mm and 2mm bands. In total, 196 transition lines belonging to 38 molecular species and isotopologues are detected, among which, to our best knowledge, 153 transition lines and 13 species are the first report for this object. Additionally, in order to contribute to future research, we have collected observational data on the molecular lines of CRL 2688 from the literature and compiled them into a single unified catalog. We find that the molecular abundance of CRL 2688 cannot be explained by the standard model of a circumstellar envelope. The implications of metal-bearing molecules on circumstellar chemistry are discussed.
description: 55 pages, 10 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJS
A comprehensive ML-based Respiratory Monitoring System for Physiological Monitoring & Resource Planning in the ICU
Creators: name: Hüser, Matthias
name: Lyu, Xinrui
name: Faltys, Martin
name: Pace, Alizée
name: Hoche, Marine
name: Hyland, Stephanie
name: Yèche, Hugo
name: Burger, Manuel
name: Merz, Tobias M.
name: Rätsch, Gunnar
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: Respiratory failure (RF) is a frequent occurrence in critically ill patients and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality as well as resource use. To improve the monitoring and management of RF in intensive care unit (ICU) patients, we used machine learning to develop a monitoring system covering the entire management cycle of RF, from early detection and monitoring, to assessment of readiness for extubation and prediction of extubation failure risk. For patients in the ICU in the study cohort, the system predicts 80% of RF events at a precision of 45% with 65% identified 10h before the onset of an RF event. This significantly improves upon a standard clinical baseline based on the SpO2/FiO2 ratio. After a careful analysis of ICU differences, the RF alarm system was externally validated showing similar performance for patients in the external validation cohort. Our system also provides a risk score for extubation failure for patients who are clinically ready to extubate, and we illustrate how such a risk score could be used to extubate patients earlier in certain scenarios. Moreover, we demonstrate that our system, which closely monitors respiratory failure, ventilation need, and extubation readiness for individual patients can also be used for ICU-level ventilator resource planning. In particular, we predict ventilator use 8-16h into the future, corresponding to the next ICU shift, with a mean absolute error of 0.4 ventilators per 10 patients effective ICU capacity.
description: medRxiv
Advanced Superhydrophobic Electroactive Fluorinated Polyimide and Its Application in Anticorrosion Coating
Creators: name: Tsao-Cheng Huang
name: Lu-Chen Yeh
name: Guan-Hui Lai
name: Huang, Bi-Sheng
name: Ta-I Yang
name: Sheng-Chieh Hsu
name: An-Ya Lo
name: Jui-Ming Yeh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: A novel superhydrophobic electroactive fluorinated polyimide (HEFPI) was firstly synthesized from aniline trimer and 4,4′-(Hexafluoroisopropylidene) diphthalic anhydride. The HEFPI could be fabricated as superhydrophobic film by replicated the surface of the Xanthosoma sagittifolium leaves. The water contact angle of HEFPI film reaches as high as 157 ° and the superhydrophobic property of HEFPI could coat on cold-rolled steel (CRS) to prevent the metal corrosion. Electroactivity of EFPI was evaluated by performing electrochemical cyclic voltammetry study. Besides, redox catalytic capabilities of aniline trimer units existed in HEFPI main chain may induce the formation of passive metal oxide layers on the CRS electrode. The synergistic effects (hydrophobic property and passive metal oxide layers) make the HEFPI coating has great potential for advanced anticorrosion material.
Estimation of the masses in the Local Group by Gradient Boosted Decision Trees
Creators: name: Carlesi, Edoardo
name: Hoffman, Yehuda
name: Libeskind, Noam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Our goal is to estimate the mass of the Local Group (LG) and the individual masses of its primary galaxies, the M31 and the Milky Way (MW). We do this by means of a supervised machine learning algorithm, the gradient boosted decision trees (GBDT) and using the observed distance and relative velocity of the two as input parameters. The GBDT is applied to a sample of 2148 mock LGs drawn from a set of 5 dark matter (DM)-only simulations, ran within the standard $Λ$CDM\ cosmological model. The selection of the mock LGs is guided by a LG model, which defines such objects. The role of the observational uncertainties of the input parameters is gauged by applying the model to an ensemble of mock LGs pairs whose observables are these input parameters perturbed by their corresponding observational errors. Finally the observational data of the actual LG is used to infer its relevant masses. Our main results are the sum and the individual masses of the MW and M31: $M_{tot} = 3.31 ^{+0.79}_{-0.67} $, $M_{MW}=1.15^{+0.25}_{-0.22}$ and $M_{M31}=2.01^{+0.65}_{-0.39} \ \ \times 10^{12}M_{\odot}$ (corresponding to the median and the 1st and 3rd quartiles). The ratio of the masses is $M_{M31}/M_{MW}=1.75^{+0.54}_{-0.28}$, where by convention the M31 is defined here to be the more massive of the two halos.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization: An Honorary Issue Dedicated to Professor Kalyanmoy Deb
Creators: name: Coello, Carlos
name: Goodman, Erik
name: Miettinen, Kaisa
name: Saxena, Dhish
name: Schütze, Oliver
name: Thiele, Lothar
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2023

description: This volume is a reprint of the Honorary Special Issue dedicated to the 60th birthday of Professor Dr. Kalyanmoy Deb, published in the journal Mathematical and Computational Applications (MCA). Kalyanmoy Deb has been a pioneer and highly impactful and influential proponent of Evolutionary Multi-objective Optimization (EMO) since 1994. He is currently a Koenig Endowed Chair Professor and University Distinguished Professor in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Michigan State University, USA, and holds additional appointments in Mechanical Engineering and in Computer Science and Engineering. Professor Deb’s research interests are in evolutionary optimization and its application in multi-objective optimization, modeling, machine learning, and in multi-objective decision making. He has been a visiting professor at various universities across the world, including IITs in India, Aalto University in Finland, the University of Skovde in Sweden, and Nanyang Technological University in Singapore. He was awarded the IEEE Evolutionary Computation Pioneer Award, the Infosys Prize, the TWAS Prize in Engineering Sciences, the CajAstur Mamdani Prize, the Distinguished Alumni Award from IIT Kharagpur, the Edgeworth Pareto Award, the Bhatnagar Prize in Engineering Sciences, and the Bessel Research Award from Germany. He is a fellow of IEEE, ASME, and three Indian science and engineering academies.
description: ISBN:978-3-0365-6980-2
description: ISBN:978-3-0365-6981-9
The Deepdene, Dorking - Rise and Decline Through Six Centuries
Creators: name: Mercer, Doris
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2008

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 71, 111-138
description: �The Destruction of the Country House was the title of an exhibition at the Victoria and Albert Museum in 1974 and the Deepdene, Dorking, demolished a few years earlier, was chosen as the subject of a brief slide sequence to illustrate the decay and final elimination of a once great and beautiful mansion. This paper describes the history of the house and its occupants
Thyroid hormone suppresses hepatocarcinogenesis via DAPK2 and SQSTM1-dependent selective autophagy
Creators: name: Hsiang-Cheng Chi
name: Shen-Liang Chen
name: Chung-Ying Tsai
name: Chuang, Wen-Yu
name: Huang, Ya-Hui
name: Tsai, Ming-Ming
name: Wu, Sheng-Ming
name: Sun, Cheng-Pu
name: Chau-Ting Yeh
name: Kwang-Huei Lin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Plant Biology

description: Recent studies have demonstrated a critical association between disruption of cellular thyroid hormone (TH) signaling and the incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. Here, we showed that disruption of TH production results in a marked increase in progression of diethylnitrosamine (DEN)-induced HCC in a murine model, and conversely, TH administration suppresses the carcinogenic process via activation of autophagy. Inhibition of autophagy via treatment with chloroquine (CQ) or knockdown of ATG7 (autophagy-related 7) via adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors, suppressed the protective effects of TH against DEN-induced hepatic damage and development of HCC. The involvement of autophagy in TH-mediated protection was further supported by data showing transcriptional activation of DAPK2 (death-associated protein kinase 2; a serine/threonine protein kinase), which enhanced the phosphorylation of SQSTM1/p62 (sequestosome 1) to promote selective autophagic clearance of protein aggregates. Ectopic expression of DAPK2 further attenuated DEN-induced hepatoxicity and DNA damage though enhanced autophagy, whereas, knockdown of DAPK2 displayed the opposite effect. The pathological significance of the TH-mediated hepatoprotective effect by DAPK2 was confirmed by the concomitant decrease in the expression of THRs and DAPK2 in matched HCC tumor tissues. Taken together, these findings indicate that TH promotes selective autophagy via induction of DAPK2-SQSTM1 cascade, which in turn protects hepatocytes from DEN-induced hepatotoxicity or carcinogenesis.
Finding magnetic north: an extraordinary magnetic field detection in Polaris and first results of a magnetic survey of classical Cepheids
Creators: name: Barron, James A.
name: Wade, Gregg A.
name: Evans, Nancy R.
name: Folsom, Colin P.
name: Neilson, Hilding. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical Cepheids are essential objects in the study of stellar evolution and cosmology; however, we know little about their magnetic properties. We report the detection of Stokes $V$ features interpreted as Zeeman signatures in four classical Cepheids using high-resolution spectropolarimetric observations obtained with ESPaDOnS at CFHT. Eight observations of $η$ Aql were acquired in 2017 covering its 7.2 d pulsation period, and single observations of Polaris, $ζ$ Gem, $δ$ Cep and RT Aur were obtained in 2020 as part of our ongoing systematic survey. We use mean circular polarization Stokes $V$ profiles generated using the Least-Squares Deconvolution procedure to diagnose Zeeman signatures and measure mean longitudinal field strengths $\langle B_{z}\rangle$. We detect magnetic signatures across all pulsation phases of $η$ Aql ($-0.89\pm0.47$ G$\,
description: 11 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
An excavation at Shoelands, Puttenham
Creators: name: Bierton, Graham
name: Hayes, Graham
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2001

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 87, 169-174
description: Reports on excavations, conducted in 1992 and 1993 on part of a presumed moated site adjacent to medieval building. Stone foundations of a building were uncovered and a series of water features were confirmed to have been fishponds.
Late Bronze/Early Iron Age settlement evidence from Manor Hospital, Epsom
Creators: name: Saunders, M J
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2001

description: Surrey Archaeological Collections, 87, 175-178
description: Reports on a field evaluation undertaken in the wake of a desk-based assessment and geophysical survey. Finds of struck flint and pottery within the LBA/EIA tradition provided evidence of occupation in the area, but only ephemeral features were recorded. A medieval moat was not found. An earthwork shown on nineteenth-century maps is thought to have been an ornamental feature.