cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hardware-efficient Variational Quantum Eigensolver for Small Molecules and Quantum Magnets
Creators: name: Kandala, Abhinav
name: Mezzacapo, Antonio
name: Temme, Kristan
name: Takita, Maika
name: Brink, Markus
name: Chow, Jerry M.
name: Gambetta, Jay M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computers can be used to address molecular structure, materials science and condensed matter physics problems, which currently stretch the limits of existing high-performance computing resources. Finding exact numerical solutions to these interacting fermion problems has exponential cost, while Monte Carlo methods are plagued by the fermionic sign problem. These limitations of classical computational methods have made even few-atom molecular structures problems of practical interest for medium-sized quantum computers. Yet, thus far experimental implementations have been restricted to molecules involving only Period I elements. Here, we demonstrate the experimental optimization of up to six-qubit Hamiltonian problems with over a hundred Pauli terms, determining the ground state energy for molecules of increasing size, up to BeH2. This is enabled by a hardware-efficient variational quantum eigensolver with trial states specifically tailored to the available interactions in our quantum processor, combined with a compact encoding of fermionic Hamiltonians and a robust stochastic optimization routine. We further demonstrate the flexibility of our approach by applying the technique to a problem of quantum magnetism. Across all studied problems, we find agreement between experiment and numerical simulations with a noisy model of the device. These results help elucidate the requirements for scaling the method to larger systems, and aim at bridging the gap between problems at the forefront of high-performance computing and their implementation on quantum hardware.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures in main text. 18 pages, 9 figures in supplementary information
Semantic Jitter: Dense Supervision for Visual Comparisons via Synthetic Images
Creators: name: Yu, Aron
name: Grauman, Kristen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Distinguishing subtle differences in attributes is valuable, yet learning to make visual comparisons remains non-trivial. Not only is the number of possible comparisons quadratic in the number of training images, but also access to images adequately spanning the space of fine-grained visual differences is limited. We propose to overcome the sparsity of supervision problem via synthetically generated images. Building on a state-of-the-art image generation engine, we sample pairs of training images exhibiting slight modifications of individual attributes. Augmenting real training image pairs with these examples, we then train attribute ranking models to predict the relative strength of an attribute in novel pairs of real images. Our results on datasets of faces and fashion images show the great promise of bootstrapping imperfect image generators to counteract sample sparsity for learning to rank.
Quantitative stability estimates for Fokker-Planck equations
Creators: name: Li, Huaiqian
name: Luo, Dejun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q84, 60H10

description: We consider the Fokker--Planck equations with irregular coefficients. Two different cases are treated: in the degenerate case, the coefficients are assumed to be weakly differentiable, while in the non-degenerate case the drift satisfies only the Ladyzhenskaya--Prodi--Serrin condition. Using Trevisan's superposition principle which represents the solution as the marginal of the solution to the martingale problem of the diffusion operator, we establish quantitative stability estimates for the solutions of Fokker--Planck equations.
description: 35 pages
The Burden of Hepatitis B, Hepatitis C, and Human Immunodeficiency Viruses in Ovarian Cancer Patients in Nairobi, Kenya
Creators: name: Wanyama, Francis Mugeni
name: Tauber, Rudolf
name: Mokomba, Alfred
name: Nyongesa, Catherine
name: Blanchard, Véronique
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ovarian cancer
subject: hepatitis B virus
subject: human immunodeficiency virus
subject: hepatitis C virus
subject: seroprevalence
subject: chemotherapy
subject: Kenya
subject: sub-Saharan Africa
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Ovarian cancer (OC) is a gynecological malignancy characterized by high morbidity and mortalities due to late-stage diagnosis because accurate early diagnostic biomarkers are lacking. Testing of Hepatitis B virus (HBV), Hepatitis C virus (HCV), and Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections in OC patients is pertinent in light of the emerging evidence of their contribution to poor prognosis. We, for the first time, investigated the prevalence of HBV, HCV, and HIV infections in a Kenyan cohort of OC to inform optimal management. We recruited a cohort of women above 18 years of age, comprising 86 OC patients and 50 healthy controls. Participants' blood samples were serologically screened for HBV, HCV, and HIV. We found seroprevalence rates of 29.1%, 26.7%, and 1.2% for HBV, HIV, and HCV, respectively, in OC patients. The healthy control group had HBV and HIV seroprevalence rates of 3.9% for each with no positive HCV case. HBV/HIV coinfection was noted only in the OC group with a positivity rate of 17.4%. In summary, we found higher HBV and HIV seroprevalence in Kenyan OC patients compared to the healthy control group, whereas HCV prevalence was reflective of the general population. Hence, we recommend screening for HBV and HIV among OC patients destined for anticancer treatment.
Study Habits - Some Essential Tips.pdf
Creators: name: Inyang, Mary  Imo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 399999
subject: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Learners neglect study habits at a price. The price is under achievement or out right failure. Habits consists of acts or patterns of behaviour that automatically manifest itself and occurs spontaneously with little concentration of conscious thought (Denga,2000). Habit is acquired, so could be learned or unlearned…
Topological Magnon Bands and Unconventional Thermal Hall Effect on the Frustrated Honeycomb and Bilayer Triangular Lattice
Creators: name: Owerre, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the conventional ferromagnetic systems, topological magnon bands and thermal Hall effect are due to the Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI). In principle, however, the DMI is either negligible or it is not allowed by symmetry in some quantum magnets. Therefore, we expect that topological magnon features will not be present in those systems. In addition, quantum magnets on the triangular-lattice are not expected to possess topological features as the DMI or spin-chirality cancels out due to equal and opposite contributions from adjacent triangles. Here, however, we predict that the isomorphic frustrated honeycomb-lattice and bilayer triangular-lattice antiferromagnetic system will exhibit topological magnon bands and topological thermal Hall effect in the absence of an intrinsic DMI. These unconventional topological magnon features are present as a result of magnetic-field-induced non-coplanar spin configurations with nonzero scalar spin chirality. The relevance of the results to realistic bilayer triangular antiferromagnetic materials are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures. Final version to be published in J. Phys.: Condens. Mat
Analysis of Coined Quantum Walks with Renormalization
Creators: name: Boettcher, Stefan
name: Li, Shanshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce a new framework to analyze quantum algorithms with the renormalization group (RG). To this end, we present a detailed analysis of the real-space RG for discrete-time quantum walks on fractal networks and show how deep insights into the analytic structure as well as generic results about the long-time behavior can be extracted. The RG-flow for such a walk on a dual Sierpinski gasket and a Migdal-Kadanoff hierarchical network is obtained explicitly from elementary algebraic manipulations, after transforming the unitary evolution equation into Laplace space. Unlike for classical random walks, we find that the long-time asymptotics for the quantum walk requires consideration of a diverging number of Laplace-poles, which we demonstrate exactly for the closed form solution available for the walk on a 1d-loop. In particular, we calculate the probability of the walk to overlap with its starting position, which oscillates with a period that scales as $N^{d_{w}^{Q}/d_{f}}$ with system size $N$. While the largest Jacobian eigenvalue $λ_{1}$ of the RG-flow merely reproduces the fractal dimension, $d_{f}=\log_{2}λ_{1}$, the asymptotic analysis shows that the second Jacobian eigenvalue $λ_{2}$ becomes essential to determine the dimension of the quantum walk via $d_{w}^{Q}=\log_{2}\sqrt{λ_{1}λ_{2}}$. We trace this fact to delicate cancellations caused by unitarity. We obtain identical relations for other networks, although the details of the RG-analysis may exhibit surprisingly distinct features. Thus, our conclusions -- which trivially reproduce those for regular lattices with translational invariance with $d_{f}=d$ and $d_{w}^{Q}=1$ -- appear to be quite general and likely apply to networks beyond those studied here.
description: 9 pages, revtex4, 3 figures, for related information, see http://www.physics.emory.edu/faculty/boettcher/
Coexistence of magnetic order and valence fluctuations in the Kondo lattice system Ce$_2$Rh$_3$Sn$_5$
Creators: name: Gamża, Monika Barbara
name: Gumeniuk, Roman
name: Burkhardt, Ulrich
name: Schnelle, Walter
name: Rosner, Helge
name: Leithe-Jasper, Andreas
name: Ślebarski, Andrzej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: J.2
subject: 82D40

description: We report on the electronic band structure, structural, magnetic and thermal properties of Ce$_2$Rh$_3$Sn$_5$. Ce $L_{\mathrm{III}}$-edge XAS spectra give direct evidence for an intermediate valence behaviour. Thermodynamic measurements reveal magnetic transitions at $T_{\mathrm{N1}}\approx$ 2.9 K and $T_{\mathrm{N2}}\approx$ 2.4 K. Electrical resistivity shows behaviour typical for Kondo lattices. The coexistence of magnetic order and valence fluctuations in a Kondo lattice system we attribute to a peculiar crystal structure in which Ce ions occupy two distinct lattice sites. Analysis of the structural features of Ce$_2$Rh$_3$Sn$_5$, together with results of electronic band structure calculations and thermodynamic data indicate that Ce2 ions are in an intermediate valence state with the ground state electronic configuration close to 4$f^0$, whereas Ce1 ions are trivalent (4$f^1$) and contribute to the low temperature magnetic ordering. Thus, our joined experimental and theoretical investigations classify Ce$_2$Rh$_3$Sn$_5$ as a multivalent charge-ordered system.
description: 12 pages with 10 figures (main manuscript) and 2 pages with 2 figures (supplementary information)
Practical Advantages of Almost-Balanced-Weak-Values Metrological Techniques
Creators: name: Martínez-Rincón, Julián
name: Chen, Zekai
name: Howell, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Precision measurements of ultra-small linear velocities of one of the mirrors in a Michelson interferometer are performed using two different weak-values techniques. We show that the technique of Almost-Balanced Weak Values (ABWV) offers practical advantages over the technique of Weak-Value Amplification (WVA), resulting in larger signal-to-noise ratios and the possibility of longer integration times due to robustness to slow drifts. As an example of the performance of the ABWV protocol we report a velocity sensitivity of 60 fm/s after 40 hours of integration time. The sensitivity of the Doppler shift due to the moving mirror is of 150 nHz.
Quenching preheating by light fields
Creators: name: Czerwińska, Olga
name: Enomoto, Seishi
name: Lalak, Zygmunt
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we investigate the role of additional light fields not directly coupled to the background during preheating. We extend our previous study that proved that the production of particles associated with such fields can be abundant due to quantum corrections, even for the massless states. We also obtain the expression for the occupation number operator in terms of interacting fields which includes the non-linear effects important for non-perturbative particle production. We show that adding too many light degrees of freedom without direct interactions with the background might attenuate or even quench preheating as the result of backreaction effects.
The Features of Public Service of Street Level Organizational Bureaucracy: Thinking Perspective Across Sociological Paradigms
Creators: name: Supwat Papassarakan
Publisher: name: School of Public Administration, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Street level organizational bureaucracy
public service
sociological paradigms

description: Journal of Public and Private Management, 28, 1, 47
Transition rate and gravitational wave spectrum from first-order QCD phase transitions
Creators: name: Shao, Jingdong
name: Mao, Hong
name: Huang, Mei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the gravitational wave spectrum induced by first-order QCD phase transitions including the deconfinement phase transition in the pure gluon system and Friedberg-Lee model, and chiral phase transition in the quark-meson model and Polyakov quark-meson model. The gravitational wave power spectra are sensitive to the phase transition rate $β/H$. All QCD models predict a rather large phase transition rate in the order of $β/H\sim10^4$ at high temperature region, and the produced gravitational waves lie in the peak frequency region of $10^{-4}-0.01 {\rm Hz}$, corresponding to an energy spectrum in the range of $10^{-8}-10^{-7}$, which can be detected by LISA and Taiji. If a high baryon density is generated through Affleck-Dine baryogenesis or other mechanisms, the baryon chemical potential significantly reduces the phase transition rate, potentially dropping it to the order of $β/H\sim 10^1$, leading to the production of nanohertz gravitational waves. Furthermore, a critical quark chemical potential exists with a zero phase transition rate $β/H=0$, indicating that the false vacuum will not decay, thus supporting the formation of primordial quark nuggets in the early universe.
description: 17 pages
Red clump stars and Gaia: Calibration of the standard candle using a hierarchical probabilistic model
Creators: name: Hawkins, Keith
name: Leistedt, Boris
name: Bovy, Jo
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Distances to individual stars in our own Galaxy are critical in order to piece together the nature of its velocity and spatial structure. Core helium burning red clump (RC) stars have similar luminosities, are abundant throughout the Galaxy, and thus constitute good standard candles. We build a hierarchical probabilistic model to quantify the quality of RC stars as standard candles using parallax measurements from the first Gaia data release. A unique aspect of our methodology is to fully account for (and marginalize over) parallax, photometry, and dust corrections uncertainties, which leads to more robust results than standard approaches. We determine the absolute magnitude and intrinsic dispersion of the RC in 2MASS bands J, H, Ks, Gaia G band, and WISE bands W1, W2, W3, and W4. We find that the absolute magnitude of the RC is $-1.61 \pm$ 0.01 (in Ks), $+0.44 \pm$ 0.01 (in G) , $-0.93 \pm$ 0.01 (in J), $-1.46 \pm$ 0.01 (in H), $-1.68 \pm$ 0.02 (in W1), $-1.69\pm$ 0.02 (in W2), $-1.67 \pm$ 0.02 (in W3), $1.76 \pm$ 0.01 mag (in W4). The mean intrinsic dispersion is $\sim 0.17 \pm$ 0.03 mag across all bands (yielding a typical distance precision of $\sim$ 8%). Thus RC stars are reliable and precise standard candles. In addition, we have also re-calibrated the zero point of the absolute magnitude of the RC in each band, which provide a benchmark for future studies to estimate distances to RC stars. Finally, the parallax error shrinkage in the hierarchical model outlined in this work can be used to obtain more precise parallaxes than Gaia for the most distant RC stars across the Galaxy.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, Accepted in MNRAS
Herschel and Hubble study of a lensed massive dusty starbursting galaxy at $z\sim3$
Creators: name: Nayyeri, H.
name: Cooray, A.
name: Jullo, E.
name: Riechers, D. A.
name: Leung, T. K. D.
name: Frayer, D. T.
name: Gurwell, M. A.
name: Harris, A. I.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Negrello, M.
name: Oteo, I.
name: Amber, S.
name: Baker, A. J.
name: Calanog, J.
name: Casey, C. M.
name: Dannerbauer, H.
name: De Zotti, G.
name: Eales, S.
name: Fu, H.
name: Michałowski, M. J.
name: Timmons, N.
name: Wardlow, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of combined deep Keck/NIRC2, HST/WFC3 near-infrared and Herschel far infrared observations of an extremely star forming dusty lensed galaxy identified from the Herschel Astrophysical Terahertz Large Area Survey (H-ATLAS J133542.9+300401). The galaxy is gravitationally lensed by a massive WISE identified galaxy cluster at $z\sim1$. The lensed galaxy is spectroscopically confirmed at $z=2.685$ from detection of $\rm {CO (1 \rightarrow 0)}$ by GBT and from detection of $\rm {CO (3 \rightarrow 2)}$ obtained with CARMA. We use the combined spectroscopic and imaging observations to construct a detailed lens model of the background dusty star-forming galaxy (DSFG) which allows us to study the source plane properties of the target. The best-fit lens model provide magnification of $μ_{\rm star}=2.10\pm0.11$ and $μ_{\rm dust}=2.02\pm0.06$ for the stellar and dust components respectively. Multi-band data yields a magnification corrected star formation rate of $1900(\pm200)\,M_{\odot}{\rm yr^{-1}}$ and stellar mass of $6.8_{-2.7}^{+0.9}\times10^{11}\,M_{\odot}$ consistent with a main sequence of star formation at $z\sim2.6$. The CO observations yield a molecular gas mass of $8.3(\pm1.0)\times10^{10}\,M_{\odot}$, similar to the most massive star-forming galaxies, which together with the high star-formation efficiency are responsible for the intense observed star formation rates. The lensed DSFG has a very short gas depletion time scale of $\sim40$ Myr. The high stellar mass and small gas fractions observed indicate that the lensed DSFG likely has already formed most of its stellar mass and could be a progenitor of the most massive elliptical galaxies found in the local Universe.
description: 15 Pages, 10 Figures, 2 Tables. Accepted to the Astrophysical Journal
Eigenmodes of Neel skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic films
Creators: name: Zhang, Vanessa Li
name: Hou, Chen Guang
name: Di, Kai
name: Lim, Hock Siah
name: Ng, Ser Choon
name: Pollard, Shawn David
name: Yang, Hyunsoo
name: Kuok, Meng Hau
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The static and dynamic states of Néel skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic films with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) have been micromagnetically simulated as functions of the interfacial DMI strength and applied static magnetic field. Findings reveal that while the breathing, counterclockwise (CCW) and clockwise (CW) rotational eigenmodes exist in the skyrmion lattice (SkL) phase, only the first two modes are present in the isolated skyrmion (ISk) phase. Additionally, the eigenfrequency of the CCW mode is insensitive to the magnetic-field driven SkL-ISk phase transition, and the inter-skyrmion interaction is largely responsible for exciting the CW mode in the SkL phase. The findings provide physical insight into the dynamics of the phase transition and would be of use to potential skyrmion-based microwave applications.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
Naturally realized two dark Z's near the electroweak scale
Creators: name: Kim, Jihn E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Chiral representations are the key in obtaining light fermions from some ultra-violet completed theories. The well-known chiral example is one family set of fifteen chiral fields in the standard model. We find a new chiral theory SU(2)$_{\rm dark}\times$U(1)$_Q$ with sixteen chiral fields, which does not have any gauge and gravitational anomalies. The group SU(2)$_{\rm dark}\times$U(1)$_Q$ may belong to the dark sector, and we present a derivation of the spectrum from the E$_8\times$E$_8'$ hetrotic string. Necessarily, there appear two degrees at low energy: two dark Z's, or a dark Z plus a dark-photon. Being chiral, there is a chance to probe this theory at TeV accelerators. Since the model belongs to the dark sector, the way to probe it is through the kinetic mixing.
description: 13 pages with 1 figure
Cryogenic magnetic coil and superconducting magnetic shield for neutron electric dipole moment searches
Creators: name: Slutsky, S.
name: Swank, C. M.
name: Biswas, A.
name: Carr, R.
name: Escribano, J.
name: Filippone, B. W.
name: Griffith, W. C.
name: Mendenhall, M.
name: Nouri, N.
name: Osthelder, C.
name: Galván, A. Pérez
name: Picker, R.
name: Plaster, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A magnetic coil operated at cryogenic temperatures is used to produce spatial, relative field gradients below 6 ppm/cm, stable for several hours. The apparatus is a prototype of the magnetic components for a neutron electric dipole moment (nEDM) search, which will take place at the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) at Oak Ridge National Laboratory using ultra-cold neutrons (UCN). That search requires a uniform magnetic field to mitigate systematic effects and obtain long polarization lifetimes for neutron spin precession measurements. This paper details upgrades to a previously described apparatus, particularly the introduction of super-conducting magnetic shielding and the associated cryogenic apparatus. The magnetic gradients observed are sufficiently low for the nEDM search at SNS.
description: 26 pages, 19 figures; significant updates in response to referee comments. Reworked Section 3.2 for clarity. Added several Figures for clarity, and indicated orientation better in many Figures. Fixed typographical problems. Updated an author's attribution to reflect current place of work. Updated conclusions to better indicate future steps needed
Relationship Between Public Good Governance Indicators and Public Performance in Doing Business Facilitation: A Correlation Study
Creators: name: Thanaporn Tengratanaprasert
Publisher: name: School of Public Administration, National Institute of Development Administration (NIDA)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Public Good Governance Indicators
Integrity and Transparency Assessment
Digital Government Readiness
World Governance Index
Doing Business Facilitation

description: Journal of Public and Private Management, 28, 1, 89
Measurements of the pp to W gamma gamma and pp to Z gamma gamma cross sections and limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements are presented of W gamma gamma and Z gamma gamma production in proton-proton collisions. Fiducial cross sections are reported based on a data sample corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 19.4 inverse femtobarns collected with the CMS detector at a center-of-mass energy of 8 TeV. Signal is identified through the W to l nu and Z to ll decay modes, where l is a muon or an electron. The production of W gamma gamma and Z gamma gamma, measured with significances of 2.6 and 5.9 standard deviations, respectively, is consistent with standard model predictions. In addition, limits on anomalous quartic gauge couplings in W gamma gamma production are determined in the context of a dimension-8 effective field theory.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference and DOI. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/SMP-15-008 (CMS Public Pages)
title: Σακχαρώδης Διαβήτης στην Κύηση και Επιπτώσεις στο Έμβρυο – Νεογνό. Συστηματική Ανασκόπηση
title: Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Effects on the Fetus – Newborn. A Systematic Review
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Καρουτσέρη, Αικατερίνη
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Σακχαρώδης διαβήτης στην κύηση

description: Συστηματική Ανασκόπηση
description: Ο Σακχαρώδης Διαβήτης κύησης (ΣΔΚ) αφορά μία παθολογική διαταραχή σχετικά με την ανοχή στους υδατάνθρακες. Ο ίδιος, παρουσιάζεται στο δεύτερο μισό της εγκυμοσύνης που φανερώνεται μια φυσιολογική αντίσταση στην ινσουλίνη, ως αποτέλεσμα της αποτυχίας έκκρισης του δευτέρου κυττάρου, για ανταπόκρισή του στο στρες του μεταβολισμού. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, αναφέρεται στις διαταραχές του μεταβολισμού των υδατανθράκων, που αφορούν την υπεργλυκαιμία. Σχετίζεται με ανεπάρκεια στην διάχυση της ινσουλίνης και με αντίσταση στην δράση της ορμόνης. Ο ΣΔΚ επηρεάζει τόσο την μητέρα, όσο και το έμβρυο. Αυτή η παθολογική κατάσταση ενέχει επιπλοκές στην κύηση, όπως είναι μια ενδεχόμενη προωρότητα ή ο ενδομήτριος θάνατος, παρ’ όλα αυτά ο θηλασμός δεν επηρεάζεται. Τέλος, είναι σημαντική όχι μόνη η πρόληψη, αλλά και η έγκαιρη και έγκυρη διάγνωση του ΣΔΚ για την πρόωρη αντιμετώπιση επικείμενων κινδύνων για τη μητέρα και το έμβρυο.
Charted Metropolis Light Transport
Creators: name: Pantaleoni, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.7

description: In this manuscript, inspired by a simpler reformulation of primary sample space Metropolis light transport, we derive a novel family of general Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms called charted Metropolis-Hastings, that introduces the notion of sampling charts to extend a given sampling domain and making it easier to sample the desired target distribution and escape from local maxima through coordinate changes. We further apply the novel algorithms to light transport simulation, obtaining a new type of algorithm called charted Metropolis light transport, that can be seen as a bridge between primary sample space and path space Metropolis light transport. The new algorithms require to provide only right inverses of the sampling functions, a property that we believe crucial to make them practical in the context of light transport simulation. We further propose a method to integrate density estimation into this framework through a novel scheme that uses it as an independence sampler.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures - to be published in the SIGGRAPH 2017 proceedings
Joint Multichannel Deconvolution and Blind Source Separation
Creators: name: Jiang, Ming
name: Bobin, Jérôme
name: Starck, Jean-Luc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Blind Source Separation (BSS) is a challenging matrix factorization problem that plays a central role in multichannel imaging science. In a large number of applications, such as astrophysics, current unmixing methods are limited since real-world mixtures are generally affected by extra instrumental effects like blurring. Therefore, BSS has to be solved jointly with a deconvolution problem, which requires tackling a new inverse problem: deconvolution BSS (DBSS). In this article, we introduce an innovative DBSS approach, called DecGMCA, based on sparse signal modeling and an efficient alternative projected least square algorithm. Numerical results demonstrate that the DecGMCA algorithm performs very well on simulations. It further highlights the importance of jointly solving BSS and deconvolution instead of considering these two problems independently. Furthermore, the performance of the proposed DecGMCA algorithm is demonstrated on simulated radio-interferometric data.
Design of a Nondestructive Two-in-One Instrument for Measuring the Polarization and Energy Spectrum at an X-ray FEL Facility
Creators: name: Zhang, Qingmin
name: Deng, Bangjie
name: Chen, Yuanmiaoliang
name: Liu, Bochao
name: Chen, Shaofei
name: Fan, Jinquan
name: Feng, Lie
name: Deng, Haixiao
name: Liu, Bo
name: Wang, Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The free electron laser (FEL), as a next-generation light source, is an attractive tool in scientific frontier research because of its advantages of full coherence, ultra-short pulse duration, and controllable polarization. Owing to the demand of real-time bunch diagnosis during FEL experiments, precise nondestructive measurements of the polarization and X-ray energy spectrum using one instrument are preferred. In this paper, such an instrument based on the electron time-of-flight technique is proposed. By considering the complexity and nonlinearity, a numerical model in the framework of Geant4 has been developed for optimization. Taking the Shanghai Soft X-ray FEL user facility as an example, its measurement performances' dependencies on the critical parameters were studied systematically, and, finally, an optimal design was obtained, achieving resolutions of 0.5% for the polarization degree and 0.3 eV for the X-ray energy spectrum.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures, Design of a Nondestructive Two-in-One Instrument for Measuring the Polarization and Energy Spectrum at an X-ray FEL Facility. Accepted by JINST
title: Εικονογράφιση Βιβλίου για Εφήβους
title: Illoustrating a book for teenagers
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Βουτσίνος, Μιχαήλ
Publisher: name: Πανεπιστήμιο Δυτικής Αττικής
Year: 2023
Subjects: Βιβλίο
Εικονογράφηση

description: https://youtu.be/4aE8ED36bn8 το link για το βίνετο παρουσίασης
description: Ένα πρωτότυπο και ευχάριστο εκπαιδευτικό βιβλίο δραστηριοτήτων για εφήβους, συνδυάζοντας ένα μαγικό κόσμο με γρίφους, μαθηματικά και φυσική, με στόχο την βελτίωση της κριτικής σκέψης, κρατώντας αναλλοίωτο το ενδιαφέρον του αναγνώστη.
Magnetic Domain Walls as Hosts of Spin Superfluids and Generators of Skyrmions
Creators: name: Kim, Se Kwon
name: Tserkovnyak, Yaroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A domain wall in a magnet with easy-axis anisotropy is shown to harbor spin superfluid associated with its spontaneous breaking of the U(1) spin-rotational symmetry. The spin superfluid is shown to have several topological properties, which are absent in conventional superfluids. First, the associated phase slips create and destroy skyrmions to obey the conservation of the total skyrmion charge, which allows us to use a domain wall as a generator and detector of skyrmions. Secondly, the domain wall engenders the emergent magnetic flux for magnons along its length, which are proportional to the spin supercurrent flowing through it, and thereby provides a way to manipulate magnons. Thirdly, the spin supercurrent can be driven by the magnon current traveling across it owing to the spin transfer between the domain wall and magnons, leading to the magnonic manipulation of the spin superfluid. The theory for superfluid spin transport within the domain wall is confirmed by numerical simulations.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, 3 pages of supplemental material. Accepted for publication in PRL
Persistent current and zero-energy Majorana modes in a p-wave disordered superconducting ring
Creators: name: Nava, Andrea
name: Giuliano, Rosa
name: Campagnano, Gabriele
name: Giuliano, Domenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the emergence of zero-energy Majorana modes in a disordered finite-length p-wave one-dimensional superconducting ring, pierced by a magnetic flux $Φ$ tuned at an appropriate value $Φ=Φ_*$. In the absence of fermion parity conservation, we evidence the emergence of the Majorana modes by looking at the discontinuities in the persistent current $I[Φ]$ at $Φ=Φ_*$. By monitoring the discontinuities in $I[Φ]$, we map out the region in parameter space characterized by the emergence of Majorana modes in the disordered ring.
description: 22 pages, 12 .eps figures
Validity of black hole complementarity in an accelerating Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Kim, Wontae
name: Nam, Mungon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Black hole complementarity has been well understood in spherically symmetric black holes. To study its validity for an accelerating Schwarzschild black hole, which has a preferred direction, we perform the thought experiment proposed by Susskind and Thorlacius and further investigate the criteria set by Hayden and Preskill. First, we derive thermodynamic quantities that satisfy the first law of thermodynamics. Using these quantities, we conduct thought experiments based on the Page time and the scrambling time, which show that black hole complementarity remains valid, although the energy required for the duplication of information depends on the angle due to the axisymmetric metric.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure. updated to match published version
"ANA-SUSY-2018-17.cxx" of "Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using $\sqrt(s) = 13$ TeV proton$-$proton collisions recorded by ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2021

description: Turht level code that computes acceptances for the signal regions using the SimpleAnalysis framework.
description: No data abstract available.
Archiving by Contextuality: the example of «Wing Commander»
Creators: name: Wildi, Tobias
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Archiving, Digital Preservation, Computer Games

description: As computer games become to play an increasingly prominent role in our cultural heritage, there is a growing need to preserve and provide access to artifacts. The challenge of preserving digital games is complex, requiring the integration of technological as well as archival considerations. Games cannot be understood as isolated pieces of software but must be put into the broader context of their computer architecture and the economic and social impact they had over time. In this presentation I want to show two things by using the game «Wing Commander». First, how the PREMIS standard and other metadata can be used to contextualise a software artefact to such an extent that an emulator can be automatically configured at any later point in time with the help of this metadata to get the original program code running again. Secondly, how the new Records in Contexts (RiC) standard can be used to create a descriptive semantic network to document the economic and social context of the game in its entirety. This includes actors such as software developers, distributors, or game magazines. It also includes the game's development in several iterations from 1990 to the last version in 2007, and the game's own story of a young fighter pilot, with many parallels to popular movies as well as to real historic events such as the first Iraq war in the early 1990s. My aim is to use semantic technologies and linked data to show how archival contextualisation in a literary archive could provide a reliable basis for understanding and maintaining the «playability» of an object as complex and diverse as a computer game.
Symbiotic status alters fungal eco-evolutionary offspring trajectories
Creators: name: Aguilar-Trigueros, Carlos A.
name: Krah, Franz-Sebastian
name: Cornwell, William K.
name: Zanne, Amy E.
name: Abrego, Nerea
name: Anderson, Ian C.
name: Hempel, Stefan
name: Lammel, Daniel R.
name: Veresoglou, Stavros D.
name: Rillig, Matthias C.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: functional ecology
subject: fungi
subject: life-history
subject: offspring size
subject: symbiosis
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Despite host-fungal symbiotic interactions being ubiquitous in all ecosystems, understanding how symbiosis has shaped the ecology and evolution of fungal spores that are involved in dispersal and colonization of their hosts has been ignored in life-history studies. We assembled a spore morphology database covering over 26,000 species of free-living to symbiotic fungi of plants, insects and humans and found more than eight orders of variation in spore size. Evolutionary transitions in symbiotic status correlated with shifts in spore size, but the strength of this effect varied widely among phyla. Symbiotic status explained more variation than climatic variables in the current distribution of spore sizes of plant-associated fungi at a global scale while the dispersal potential of their spores is more restricted compared to free-living fungi. Our work advances life-history theory by highlighting how the interaction between symbiosis and offspring morphology shapes the reproductive and dispersal strategies among living forms.
"MJ0L_SLHA_Files.tar.gz" of "Search for new phenomena in final states with large jet multiplicities and missing transverse momentum using $\sqrt(s) = 13$ TeV proton$-$proton collisions recorded by ATLAS in Run 2 of the LHC"
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: HEPData
Year: 2021

description: SLHA files for a single point in each of the signal models (gluino decay through two-step cascade, gluino decay via RPV coupling and gluino decay to off-shell top quarks and the LSP).
description: No data abstract available.
Relation Between Oceanic Plate Structure, Patterns of Interplate Locking and Microseismicity in the 1922 Atacama Seismic Gap
Creators: name: González-Vidal, Diego
name: Moreno, Marcos
name: Sippl, Christian
name: Baez, Juan Carlos
name: Ortega-Culaciati, Francisco
name: Lange, Dietrich
name: Tilmann, Frederik
name: Socquet, Anne
name: Bolte, Jan
name: Hormazabal, Joaquin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Atacama 1922 seismic gap
subject: Chile
subject: GNSS
subject: interplate locking
subject: locking degree
subject: seismic catalog
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::550 Geowissenschaften, Geologie::550 Geowissenschaften

description: We deployed a dense geodetic and seismological network in the Atacama seismic gap in Chile. We derive a microseismicity catalog of >30,000 events, time series from 70 GNSS stations, and utilize a transdimensional Bayesian inversion to estimate interplate locking. We identify two highly locked regions of different sizes whose geometries appear to control seismicity patterns. Interface seismicity concentrates beneath the coastline, just downdip of the highest locking. A region with lower locking (27.5°S–27.7°S) coincides with higher seismicity levels, a high number of repeating earthquakes and events extending toward the trench. This area is situated where the Copiapó Ridge is subducted and has shown previous indications of both seismic and aseismic slip, including an earthquake sequence in 2020. While these findings suggest that the structure of the downgoing oceanic plate prescribes patterns of interplate locking and seismicity, we note that the Taltal Ridge further north lacks a similar signature.
Disorder induced transitions in resonantly driven Floquet Topological Insulators
Creators: name: Titum, Paraj
name: Lindner, Netanel H.
name: Refael, Gil
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the effects of disorder in Floquet topological insulators (FTIs) occurring in semiconductor quantum wells. Such FTIs are induced by resonantly driving a transition between the valence and conduction band. We show that when disorder is added, the topological nature of such FTIs persists as long as there is a mobility gap at the resonant quasi-energy. For strong enough disorder, this gap closes and all the states become localized as the system undergoes a transition to a trivial insulator. Interestingly, the effects of disorder are not necessarily adverse: we show that in the same quantum well, disorder can also induce a transition from a trivial to a topological system, thereby establishing a Floquet Topological Anderson Insulator (FTAI). We identify the conditions on the driving field necessary for observing such a transition.
description: 18 pages, 13 figures
Stopping time convergence for processes associated with Dirichlet forms
Creators: name: Baxter, J. R.
name: Hernandez, M. Nielsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60J45

description: Convergence is proved for solutions of Dirichlet problems in regions with many small excluded sets (holes), as the holes become smaller and more numerous. The problem is formulated in the context of Markov processes associated with general Dirichlet forms, for random and nonrandom excluded sets. Sufficient conditions are given under which the sequence of entrance times or hitting times of the excluded sets converges in the stable topology. Convergence in the stable topology is a strengthened form of convergence in distribution, introduced by Renyi. Stable convergence of the entrance times implies convergence of the solutions of the corresponding Dirichlet problems. Some additional results are given in a supplement on random center models.
description: Fixed some typos which were introduced while "de-macroing"
Converging theories on dreaming: Between Freud, predictive processing, and psychedelic research
Creators: name: Koslowski, Michael
name: Haas, Max-Pelgrom De
name: Fischmann, Tamara
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: dreaming
subject: predictive processing
subject: prior
subject: dream coding
subject: psychedelics
subject: psychoanalytical
subject: consciousness
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Dreams are still an enigma of human cognition, studied extensively in psychoanalysis and neuroscience. According to the Freudian dream theory and Solms' modifications of the unconscious derived from it, the fundamental task of meeting our emotional needs is guided by the principle of homeostasis. Our innate value system generates conscious feelings of pleasure and unpleasure, resulting in the behavior of approaching or withdrawing from the world of objects. Based on these experiences, a hierarchical generative model of predictions (priors) about the world is constantly created and modified, with the aim to optimize the meeting of our needs by reducing prediction error, as described in the predictive processing model of cognition. Growing evidence from neuroimaging supports this theory. The same hierarchical functioning of the brain is in place during sleep and dreaming, with some important modifications like a lack of sensual and motor perception and action. Another characteristic of dreaming is the predominance of primary process thinking, an associative, non-rational cognitive style, which can be found in similar altered states of consciousness like the effect of psychedelics. Mental events that do not successfully fulfill an emotional need will cause a prediction error, leading to conscious attention and adaptation of the priors that incorrectly predicted the event. However, this is not the case for repressed priors (RPs), which are defined by the inability to become reconsolidated or removed, despite ongoing error signal production. We hypothesize that Solms' RPs correspond with the conflictual complexes, as described by Moser in his dream formation theory. Thus, in dreams and dream-like states, these unconscious RPs might become accessible in symbolic and non-declarative forms that the subject is able to feel and make sense of. Finally, we present the similarities between dreaming and the psychedelic state. Insights from psychedelic research could be used to inform dream research and related therapeutic interventions, and vice versa. We propose further empirical research questions and methods and finally present our ongoing trial "Biological Functions of Dreaming" to test the hypothesis that dreaming predicts intact sleep architecture and memory consolidation, via a lesion model with stroke patients who lost the ability to dream.
Weingarten calculus via orthogonality relations: new applications
Creators: name: Collins, Benoît
name: Matsumoto, Sho
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weingarten calculus is a completely general and explicit method to compute the moments of the Haar measure on compact subgroups of matrix algebras. Particular cases of this calculus were initiated by theoretical physicists -- including Weingarten, after whom this calculus was coined by the first author, after investigating it systematically. Substantial progress was achieved subsequently by the second author and coworkers, based on representation theoretic and combinatorial techniques. All formulas of `Weingarten calculus' are in the spirit of Weingarten's seminal paper [W78]. However, modern proofs are very different from Weingarten's initial ideas. In this paper, we revisit Weingarten's initial proof and we illustrate its power by uncovering two new important applications: (i) a uniform bound on the Weingarten function, that subsumes existing uniform bounds, and is optimal up to a polynomial factor, and (ii) an extension of Weingarten calculus to symmetric spaces and conceptual proofs of identities established by the second author.
description: 30 pages, accepted for publication in ALEA: Lat. Am. J. Probab. Math. Stat