cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Simulation of Spatial Systems with Demographic Noise
Creators: name: Weissmann, Haim
name: Shnerb, Nadav M.
name: Kessler, David A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Demographic (shot) noise in population dynamics scales with the square root of the population size. This process is very important, as it yields an absorbing state at zero field, but simulating it, especially on spatial domains, is a non-trivial task. Here we compare the results of two operator-splitting techniques suggested for simulating the corresponding Langevin equation, one by Pechenik and Levine (PL) and the other by Dornic, Chaté and Muñoz (DCM). We identify an anomalously strong bias toward the active phase in the numerical scheme of DCM, a bias which is not present in the alternative scheme of PL. This bias strongly distorts the phase diagram determined via the DCM procedure for the range of time-steps used in such simulations. We pinpoint the underlying cause in the inclusion of the diffusion, treated as an on-site decay with a constant external source, in the stochastic part of the algorithm. Treating the diffusion deterministically is shown to remove this unwanted bias while keeping the simulation algorithm stable, thus a hybrid numerical technique, in which the DCM approach to diffusion is applied but the diffusion is simulated deterministically, appears to be optimal.
Sergeant Stanley Walter Wood's Death in Service with RAF
Creators: name: Project Team, Their Finest Hour
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 430304
subject: British history
classificationCode: 430308
subject: European history (excl. British, classical Greek and Roman)
classificationCode: 430316
subject: International history

description: The contributors shared that Stanley worked at Courtaulds Mill, Panfield, Essex. They explained that Stanley married Constance Ling in September 1942, and her brother, John Frederick Ling, was killed in May 1943. The contributors stated that, four months after the death of Constance's brother, her husband Stanley was killed while serving with the Royal Air Force Bomber Command. The contributors noted that Constance did not believe that her husband had died and wrote to him quite a lot.
Polyurethane/polycaprolactone membrane grafted with conjugated linoleic acid for artificial vascular graft application
Creators: name: Tran, Nam
name: Le, An
name: Ho, Minh
name: Dang, Nhi
name: Thanh, Huong Ha Thi
name: Truong, Long
name: Huynh, Dai Phu
name: Hiep, Nguyen Thi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Constructing satisfied small-diameter vascular graft (diameter less than 6 mm) remains an unsolvable challenge in vascular tissue engineering. This study described the fabrication of electrospun polyurethane/polycaprolactone (PU/PCL) membranes chemically grafted with various densities of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) – an antithrombotic fatty acid – for making small-diameter blood vessel. Differences in mechanical, antithrombotic properties and biocompatibility of the membranes resulting from the CLA-grafting procedure were the focus of the study. Investigation of mechanical properties relevant to vascular graft application revealed that these properties of the membranes remained unaffected and satisfied clinical criteria following the CLA graft. Blood–membrane interaction assays showed that the CLA-grafted membranes mitigated the adhesion of blood cells, as well as preventing blood coagulation. These effects were also commensurate with increasing density of CLA, suggesting an effective approach to improve antithromboticity. Cellular tests suggested that CLA has an optimal density at which it promoted cell proliferation on the surface of the membranes; however, excessive presence of CLA might cause undesirable inhibition on cells. In conclusion, PU/PCL membrane grafted with CLA could be a prospective material for vascular tissue engineering with further development and investigation.
Data-based selection of creep constitutive models for high-Cr heat-resistant steel
Creators: name: Izuno, Hitoshi
name: Demura, Masahiko
name: Tabuchi, Masaaki
name: Mototake, Yoh-ichi
name: Okada, Masato
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: There are two types of creep constitutive equation, one with a steady-state term (steady-state type) and the other with no steady-state term (non-steady-state type). We applied the Bayesian inference framework in order to examine which type is supported by experimental creep curves for a Grade 91 (Gr.91) steel. The Bayesian free energy was significantly lower for the steady-state type under all the test conditions in the ranges of 50–90 MPa at 923 K, 90–160 MPa at 873 K and 170–240 MPa at 823 K, leading to the conclusion that the posterior probability was virtually 1.0. These findings mean that the experimental data supported the steady-state-type equation. The dependence of the evaluated steady-state creep rate on the applied stress indicates that there is a transition in the mechanism governing creep deformation around 120 MPa.
Time Evolution of Many-Body Localized Systems with the Flow Equation Approach
Creators: name: Thomson, S. J.
name: Schiró, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between interactions and quenched disorder can result in rich dynamical quantum phenomena far from equilibrium, particularly when many-body localization prevents the system from full thermalization. With the aim of tackling this interesting regime, here we develop a semi-analytical flow equation approach to study time evolution of strongly disordered interacting quantum systems. We apply this technique to a prototype model of interacting spinless fermions in a random on-site potential in both one and two dimensions. Key results include (i) an explicit construction of the local integrals of motion that characterize the many-body localized phase in one dimension, ultimately connecting the microscopic model to phenomenological descriptions, (ii) calculation of these quantities for the first time in two dimensions, and (iii) an investigation of the real-time dynamics in the localized phase which reveals the crucial role of $l$-bit interactions for enhancing dephasing and relaxation.
description: 5+5pages, 2+4 figures; Revised version, new results in d=2 added
Supplement of Isolation of an archaeon at the prokaryote eukaryote interface
Creators: name: Imachi, Hiroyuki
name: Nobu, Masaru K.
name: Nakahara, Nozomi
name: Morono, Yuki
name: Ogawara, Miyuki
name: Takaki, Yoshihiro
name: Takano, Yoshinori
name: Uematsu, Katsuyuki
name: Ikuta, Tetsuro
name: Ito, Motoo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Bioidversity
Taxonomy
Archaea
Euryarchaeota
Methanomicrobia
Methanomicrobiales
Methanomicrobiaceae

description: supplement of Imachi, Hiroyuki, Nobu, Masaru K., Nakahara, Nozomi, Morono, Yuki, Ogawara, Miyuki, Takaki, Yoshihiro, Takano, Yoshinori, Uematsu, Katsuyuki, Ikuta, Tetsuro, Ito, Motoo (2020): Isolation of an archaeon at the prokaryote eukaryote interface. Nature 41586: 1-23, DOI: 10.1038/s41586-019-1916-6
Additional file 1: of SMYD2 promoter DNA methylation is associated with abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) and SMYD2 expression in vascular smooth muscle cells
Creators: name: Toghill, Bradley
name: Saratzis, Athanasios
name: Freeman, Peter
name: Sylvius, Nicolas
name: Bown, Matthew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer

description: Supplemental material. (DOCX 592 kb)
Metric Perturbations of Extremal Surfaces
Creators: name: Mosk, Benjamin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Motivated by the HRRT-formula for holographic entanglement entropy, we consider the following question: what are the position and the surface area of extremal surfaces in a perturbed geometry, given their anchor on the asymptotic boundary? We derive explicit expressions for the change in position and surface area, thereby providing a closed form expression for the canonical energy. We find that a perturbation governed by some small parameter $λ$ yields an expansion of the surface area in terms of a highly non-local expression involving multiple integrals of geometric quantities over the original extremal surface.
description: Example added, see subsection 3.6 and section 6
Osteoclast and osteoblast responsive carbonate apatite coatings for biodegradable magnesium alloys
Creators: name: Hiromoto, Sachiko
name: Itoh, Sayaka
name: Noda, Naomi
name: Yamazaki, Tomohiko
name: Katayama, Hideki
name: Akashi, Takaya
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Physiology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Corrosion-control coatings which can enhance bone formation and be completely replaced by bone are attractive for biodegradable Mg alloys. Carbonate apatite (CAp) and hydroxyapatite (HAp) coatings were formed on Mg-4 wt% Y-3 wt% rare earth (WE43) alloy as a corrosion-control and bioabsorbable coating in the coating solution with various concentrations of NaHCO3. The incorporation of carbonate group in apatite structure was examined using X-ray diffraction and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Rat osteoclast precursor and MC3T3-E1 osteoblast cells were cultured on the CAp- and HAp-coated WE43 to examine the osteoclastic resorption and the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, respectively. Mg ions in the used medium were quantified to examine the corrosion-control ability. The NaHCO3 addition in the solution resulted in the formation of B-type CAp in which the phosphate group of apatite structure was substituted with the carbonate group. The osteoclastic resorption was observed only for the CAp coatings as the cracking of the coatings and the corrosion of substrate WE43 strongly localized under osteoclast cell bodies. The CAp and HAp coatings significantly enhanced the ALP activity of osteoblasts. The CAp-coated WE43 specimens showed 1/5 smaller amount of Mg ion release than the uncoated WE43 on the first day of culturing osteoblasts. For the subsequent 22 days, the Mg ion release was reduced to 1/2 by the CAp coatings. In the presence of osteoclasts, the CAp coatings showed slightly lower corrosion protectiveness than the HAp coating. It was demonstrated that the CAp coatings can be a bioabsorbable and corrosion-control coating for biodegradable Mg alloys.
NMR-TS: de novo molecule identification from NMR spectra
Creators: name: Zhang, Jinzhe
name: Terayama, Kei
name: Sumita, Masato
name: Yoshizoe, Kazuki
name: Ito, Kengo
name: Kikuchi, Jun
name: Tsuda, Koji
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy is an effective tool for identifying molecules in a sample. Although many previously observed NMR spectra are accumulated in public databases, they cover only a tiny fraction of the chemical space, and molecule identification is typically accomplished manually based on expert knowledge. Herein, we propose NMR-TS, a machine-learning-based python library, to automatically identify a molecule from its NMR spectrum. NMR-TS discovers candidate molecules whose NMR spectra match the target spectrum by using deep learning and density functional theory (DFT)-computed spectra. As a proof-of-concept, we identify prototypical metabolites from their computed spectra. After an average 5451 DFT runs for each spectrum, six of the nine molecules are identified correctly, and proximal molecules are obtained in the other cases. This encouraging result implies that de novo molecule generation can contribute to the fully automated identification of chemical structures. NMR-TS is available at https://github.com/tsudalab/NMR-TS.
Discrete scale invariance in holography revisited
Creators: name: Flory, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In 2013, Balasubramanian presented a 5+1 dimensional holographic toy model that allows for an exact solution to Einstein's equations in the bulk in which the isometries of $AdS_5$ appear to be broken to an isometry group describing a discretely scale invariant and Poincaré invariant setup [arXiv:1301.6653]. In this paper, we investigate this solution in more detail. By analytically solving the Killing equations, we prove that the full $AdS_5$ isometry group is still present, although in a somewhat hidden way. We will also comment on the prospects of finding other holographic bottom up toy models which allow for solutions with discrete scale invariance or scale invariance without conformal invariance in the future.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure, v2: Minor improvements. This is the accepted version of the following article: Fortsch.Phys. 66 (2018) no.3, 1700093, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/prop.201700093
Additional File 9:
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Cindy
name: Oakes, Melanie
name: Murakami, Taku
name: Muto, Michael
name: Berkowitz, Ross
name: Shu-Wing Ng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Differentially expressed genes from RNA sequencing analysis. Significantly increased RNA (p
Intermetallic Pd3 X (X= Ti and Zr) nanocrystals for electro-oxidation of alcohols and formic acid in alkaline and acidic media
Creators: name: Kodiyath, Rajesh
name: Ramesh, Gubbala V.
name: Manikandan, Maidhily
name: Ueda, Shigenori
name: Fujita, Takeshi
name: Abe, Hideki
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Two highly active and stable Pd-based intermetallic nanocrystals with early d-metals Pd3Ti and Pd3Zr have been developed. The nanocrystals are synthesized by co-reduction of the respective salts of Pd and Ti/Zr. Hard X-ray photoemission Spectroscopy (HAXPES) analysis of the nanocrystals indicates that the electronic properties of Pd are modified significantly, as evident from the lowering of the d-band center of Pd. The intermetallic nanocrystals dispersed in Vulcan carbon, Pd3Ti/C and Pd3Zr/C, exhibit improved electrocatalytic activity towards methanol and ethanol oxidation in an alkaline medium (0.5 M KOH), compared to those of commercially available catalysts such as Pd/C, Pt/C, and Pt3Sn/C. In addition, Pd3Ti/C and Pd3Zr/C show significantly higher activity towards the oxidation of formic acid in an acidic medium (0.5 M H2SO4), compared to those of Pd/C and Pt/C. The modification of the d-band center of Pd as a result of the alloying of Pd with the early d-metals Ti and Zr may be responsible for the enhanced catalytic activity.
Direct printing of performance tunable strain sensor via nanoparticle laser patterning process
Creators: name: Song, Ji-Hyeon
name: Kim, Ho-Jin
name: Kim, Min-Soo
name: Min, Soo-Hong
name: Wang, Yan
name: Ahn, Sung-Hoon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Flexible electronics are attractive because of flexibility and portability. The circuits are printed on flexible substrates, which are delicate and heat-sensitive. Traditional photolithography, which uses high temperatures and corrosive chemicals, easily causes damages in flexible substrates. Here, we develop a low-cost nanoparticle based laser patterning process for fabrication of flexible electronics. Nanoparticles are sintered using a low-power laser as they are selectively deposited. Copper and silver particles were successfully deposited on paper and polyethylene terephthalate substrates. The effects of process parameters on deposition performance were studied to understand the process-structure–property relationship. The thermal effects of the laser on film morphology were observed. The sensitivities of the electrical properties with respect to the porosities at different laser power densities were analysed. With different laser energy levels, the process allows for selective deposition, properties control of printed patterns, and flexible substrate cutting. The fabrications of strain sensor and kirigami electronics were demonstrated.
Active depinning of bacterial droplets: the collective surfing of Bacillus subtilis
Creators: name: Hennes, Marc
name: Tailleur, Julien
name: Charron, Gaëlle
name: Daerr, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: How systems are endowed with migration capacity is a fascinating question with implications ranging from the design of novel active systems to the control of microbial populations. Bacteria, which can be found in a variety of environments, have developed among the richest set of locomotion mechanisms both at the microscopic and collective levels. Here, we uncover experimentally a new mode of collective bacterial motility in humid environment through the depinning of bacterial droplets. While capillary forces are notoriously enormous at the bacterial scale, even capable of pinning water droplets of millimetric size on inclined surfaces, we show that bacteria are able to harness a variety of mechanisms to unpin contact lines, hence inducing a collective slipping of the colony across the surface. Contrary to flagella-dependent migration modes like swarming we show that this much faster `colony surfing' still occurs in mutant strains of \textit{Bacillus subtilis} lacking flagella. The active unpinning seen in our experiments relies on a variety of microscopic mechanisms which could each play an important role in the migration of microorganisms in humid environment.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, SI: 5 movies, 10 figures, 1 table
Further remarks on the Luo-Hou's ansatz for a self-similar solution to the 3D Euler equations
Creators: name: Sperone, Gianmarco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35C06 - 35Q31 - 76B03

description: It is shown that the self-similar ansatz proposed by T. Hou and G. Luo to describe a singular solution of the 3D axisymmetric Euler equations leads, without assuming any asymptotic condition on the self-similar profiles, to an over-determined system of partial differential equations that produces two families of solutions: a class of trivial solutions in which the vorticity field is identically zero, and a family of solutions that blow-up immediately, where the vorticity field is governed by a stationary regime. In any case, the analytical properties of these solutions are not consistent with the numerical observations reported by T. Hou and G. Luo. Therefore, this result is a refinement of the previous work published by D. Chae and T.-P. Tsai on this matter, where the authors found the trivial class of solutions under a certain decay condition of the blow-up profiles.
description: For the moment, published online in "Journal of Nonlinear Science" (Sperone, G. J Nonlinear Sci (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s00332-017-9363-8)
Unified framework to determine Gaussian states in continuous variable systems
Creators: name: Nicacio, Fernando
name: Valdés-Hernández, Andrea
name: Majtey, Ana P.
name: Toscano, Fabricio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaussian states are the backbone of quantum information protocols with continuous variable systems, whose power relies fundamentally on the entanglement between the different modes. In the case of global pure states, knowledge of the reduced states in a given bipartition of a multipartite quantum system bears information on the entanglement in such bipartition. For Gaussian states, the reduced states are also Gaussian, so there determination requires essentially the experimental determination of their covariance matrix. Here, we develop strategies to determine the covariance matrix of an arbitrary n-mode bosonic Gaussian state through measurement of the total phase acquired when appropriate metaplectic evolutions, associated with quadratic Hamiltonians, are applied. Simply one-mode metaplectic evolutions, such rotations, squeezing and shear transformations, in addition to a single two-mode rotation, allows to determine all the covariance matrix elements of a n-mode bosonic system. All the single-mode metaplectic evolutions are applied conditionally to a state in which an ancilla qubit is entangled with the n-mode system. The ancillary system provides, after measurement, the value of the total phase of each evolution. The proposed method is experimentally friendly to be implemented in the most currently used continuous variable systems.
description: 16 pages, 4 figures
Additional file 2: of Phase II study of bevacizumab, cisplatin, and docetaxel plus maintenance bevacizumab as first-line treatment for patients with advanced non-squamous non-small-cell lung cancer combined with exploratory analysis of circulating endothelial cells: Thoracic Oncology Research Group (TORG)1016
Creators: name: Ikeda, Satoshi
name: Kato, Terufumi
name: Ogura, Takashi
name: Sekine, Akimasa
name: Tsuneyuki Oda
name: Masuda, Noriyuki
name: Igawa, Satoshi
name: Katono, Ken
name: Otani, Sakiko
name: Kouzo Yamada
name: Saito, Haruhiro
name: Kondo, Tetsuro
name: Hosomi, Yukio
name: Nakahara, Yoshiro
name: Nishikawa, Masanori
name: Utumi, Keiko
name: Misumi, Yuki
name: Takeharu Yamanaka
name: Sakamaki, Kentaro
name: Okamoto, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. CEC data and treatment efficacy of 35 patients whose CEC count was measured on days 1 and 8. Abbreviations: EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; CEC, circulating endothelial cell; PR, partial response; SD, stable disease; PFS, progression-free survival; OS, overall survival. (DOCX 22Â kb)
title: Sinimori (Enregistrement n°25a de l’enquête Abidjan 1997)
Creators: name: Ploog, Katja
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Français
subject: fra

description: EPP RAN : groupe mixte (III.01), Sinimori (III.02), Les 2 cousins (III.03), Le béninois (III.04), Les moulins à histoires (III.05), cour et interview
description: enquête en milieu scolaire, par petits groupes d’enfants
Direct printing of performance tunable strain sensor via nanoparticle laser patterning process*
Creators: name: Song, Ji-Hyeon
name: Kim, Ho-Jin
name: Kim, Min-Soo
name: Min, Soo-Hong
name: Wang, Yan
name: Ahn, Sung-Hoon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Flexible electronics are attractive because of flexibility and portability. The circuits are printed on flexible substrates, which are delicate and heat-sensitive. Traditional photolithography, which uses high temperatures and corrosive chemicals, easily causes damages in flexible substrates. Here, we develop a low-cost nanoparticle based laser patterning process for fabrication of flexible electronics. Nanoparticles are sintered using a low-power laser as they are selectively deposited. Copper and silver particles were successfully deposited on paper and polyethylene terephthalate substrates. The effects of process parameters on deposition performance were studied to understand the process-structure–property relationship. The thermal effects of the laser on film morphology were observed. The sensitivities of the electrical properties with respect to the porosities at different laser power densities were analysed. With different laser energy levels, the process allows for selective deposition, properties control of printed patterns, and flexible substrate cutting. The fabrications of strain sensor and kirigami electronics were demonstrated.
Prediction of viscosity behavior in oxide glass materials using cation fingerprints with artificial neural networks
Creators: name: Hwang, Jaekyun
name: Tanaka, Yuta
name: Ishino, Seiichiro
name: Watanabe, Satoshi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel descriptor of materials, named ‘cation fingerprints’, based on the chemical formula or concentrations of raw materials and their respective properties. To test its performance, this method was used to predict the viscosity of glass materials using the experimental database INTERGLAD. Using artificial neural network models, we succeeded in predicting the temperature required for glass to have a specific viscosity within a root-mean-square error of 33.0°C. We were also able to evaluate the effect of particular target raw materials using a model trained without including the specific target raw material. The results show that cation fingerprints with a neural network model can predict some unseen combinations of raw materials. In addition, we propose a method for estimating the prediction accuracy by calculating cosine similarity of the input features of the material which we want to predict.
Sensitivity and Robustness of Quantum Spin-1/2 Rings to Parameter Uncertainty
Creators: name: O'Neil, Sean
name: Jonckheere, Edmond
name: Schirmer, Sophie
name: Langbein, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Selective transfer of information between spin-1/2 particles arranged in a ring is achieved by optimizing the transfer fidelity over a readout time window via shaping, externally applied, static bias fields. Such static control fields have properties that clash with the expectations of classical control theory. Previous work has shown that there are cases in which the logarithmic differential sensitivity of the transfer fidelity to uncertainty in coupling strength or spillage of the bias field to adjacent spins is minimized by controllers that produce the best fidelity. Here we expand upon these examples and examine cases of both classical and non-classical behavior of logarithmic sensitivity to parameter uncertainty and robustness as measured by the $μ$ function for quantum systems. In particular we examine these properties in an 11-spin ring with a single uncertainty in coupling strength or a single bias spillage.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables, accepted for 56th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (CDC) 2017
Additional file 1: Table S1. of Test-retest variability of left ventricular 4D flow cardiovascular magnetic resonance measurements in healthy subjects
Creators: name: Stoll, Victoria
name: Loudon, Margaret
name: Jonatan Eriksson
name: Malenka Bissell
name: Dyverfeldt, Petter
name: Ebbers, Tino
name: Myerson, Saul
name: Neubauer, Stefan
name: Carl- CarlhĂ¤Ll
name: Hess, Aaron
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: CMR data for scan-rescan results compared to interval scan results. (DOCX 11Â kb)
Essential structural and experimental descriptors for bulk and grain boundary conductivities of Li solid electrolytes
Creators: name: Wu, Yen-Ju
name: Tanaka, Takehiro
name: Komori, Tomoyuki
name: Fujii, Mikiya
name: Mizuno, Hiroshi
name: Itoh, Satoshi
name: Takada, Tadanobu
name: Fujita, Erina
name: Xu, Yibin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Plant Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: We present a computational approach for identifying the important descriptors of the ionic conductivities of lithium solid electrolytes. Our approach discriminates the factors of both bulk and grain boundary conductivities, which have been rarely reported. The effects of the interrelated structural (e.g. grain size, phase), material (e.g. Li ratio), chemical (e.g. electronegativity, polarizability) and experimental (e.g. sintering temperature, synthesis method) properties on the bulk and grain boundary conductivities are investigated via machine learning. The data are trained using the bulk and grain boundary conductivities of Li solid conductors at room temperature. The important descriptors are elucidated by their feature importance and predictive performances, as determined by a nonlinear XGBoost algorithm: (i) the experimental descriptors of sintering conditions are significant for both bulk and grain boundary, (ii) the material descriptors of Li site occupancy and Li ratio are the prior descriptors for bulk, (iii) the density and unit cell volume are the prior structural descriptors while the polarizability and electronegativity are the prior chemical descriptors for grain boundary, (iv) the grain size provides physical insights such as the thermodynamic condition and should be considered for determining grain boundary conductance in solid polycrystalline ionic conductors.
Stein's method using approximate zero bias couplings with applications to combinatorial central limit theorems under the Ewens distribution
Creators: name: Wiroonsri, Nathakhun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60F05, 60C05

description: We generalize the well-known zero bias distribution and the $λ$-Stein pair to an approximate zero bias distribution and an approximate $λ,R$-Stein pair, respectively. Berry Esseen type bounds to the normal, based on approximate zero bias couplings and approximate $λ,R$-Stein pairs, are obtained using Stein's method. The bounds are then applied to combinatorial central limit theorems where the random permutation has the Ewens $\mathcal{E}_θ$ distribution with $θ>0$ which can be specialized to the uniform distribution by letting $θ=1$. The family of the Ewens distributions appears in the context of population genetics in biology.
description: 30 pages
title: Konsolidierung und Konflikt
title: Regionalbericht BTI 2024 Asien und Ozeanien
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Croissant, Aurel
name: Trinn, Christoph
Publisher: name: Bertelsmann Stiftung
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/01wj9hk44
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024
Subjects: Transformation
Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung
Demokratie
Governance

description: Dieser Bericht ist Teil des Transformationsindex BTI 2024. Die regionale Analyse deckt den Zeitraum zwischen dem 1. Februar 2021 bis 31. Januar 2023 ab. Der BTI untersucht Transformationsprozesse in Richtung Demokratie und Marktwirtschaft sowie die Qualität von Regierungsführung in 137 Ländern. Mehr Informationen unter https://www.bti-project.de
title: Tela (Enregistrement n°25b de l’enquête Abidjan 1997)
Creators: name: Ploog, Katja
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Français
subject: fra

description: EPP RAN : Tela (III.06), Voyages (III.07), Les derniers garçons (III.08)
description: enquête en milieu scolaire, par petits groupes d’enfants
Deriving GENERIC from a generalized fluctuation symmetry
Creators: name: Kraaij, Richard
name: Lazarescu, Alexandre
name: Maes, Christian
name: Peletier, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Much of the structure of macroscopic evolution equations for relaxation to equilibrium can be derived from symmetries in the dynamical fluctuations around the most typical trajectory. For example, detailed balance as expressed in terms of the Lagrangian for the path-space action leads to gradient zero-cost flow. We find a new such fluctuation symmetry that implies GENERIC, an extension of gradient flow where a Hamiltonian part is added to the dissipative term in such a way as to retain the free energy as Lyapunov function.
Biocompatible and flexible paper-based metal electrode for potentiometric wearable wireless biosensing
Creators: name: Sakata, Toshiya
name: Hagio, Masami
name: Saito, Akiko
name: Mori, Yuto
name: Nakao, Masayuki
name: Nishi, Kazuhiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Space Science
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: A paper-based electrode is a very attractive component for a disposable, nontoxic, and flexible biosensor. In particular, wearable biosensors, which have recently been attracting interest, not only require these characteristics of paper-based electrodes but must also be able to detect various ions and biomolecules in biological fluids. In this paper, we demonstrate the detection ability of paper-based metal electrodes for wearable biosensors as part of a wireless potentiometric measurement system, focusing on the detection of pH and sodium ions. The paper-based metal electrodes were obtained by simply coating a silicone-rubber-coated paper sheet with a Au (/Cr) thin film by sputtering then modifying it with different functional membranes such as an oxide membrane (Ta2O5) and a fluoropolysilicone (FPS)-based Na+-sensitive membrane, corresponding to the targeted ions. Satisfactory and stable detection sensitivities of the modified paper-based Au electrodes were obtained over several weeks even when they were bent to a radius of curvature in the range of 6.5 to 25 mm, assuming use in a flexible body patch biosensor. Moreover, the Na+ concentration in a sweat sample was evaluated using the paper-based Au electrode with the FPS-based Na+-sensitive membrane in a wireless and real-time manner while the electrode was bent. Thus, owing to their complex mesh structure, flexible paper sheets should be suitable for use as potentiometric electrodes for wearable wireless biosensors.
Towards Optimality in Parallel Scheduling
Creators: name: Berg, Benjamin
name: Dorsman, Jan-Pieter
name: Harchol-Balter, Mor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To keep pace with Moore's law, chip designers have focused on increasing the number of cores per chip rather than single core performance. In turn, modern jobs are often designed to run on any number of cores. However, to effectively leverage these multi-core chips, one must address the question of how many cores to assign to each job. Given that jobs receive sublinear speedups from additional cores, there is an obvious tradeoff: allocating more cores to an individual job reduces the job's runtime, but in turn decreases the efficiency of the overall system. We ask how the system should schedule jobs across cores so as to minimize the mean response time over a stream of incoming jobs. To answer this question, we develop an analytical model of jobs running on a multi-core machine. We prove that EQUI, a policy which continuously divides cores evenly across jobs, is optimal when all jobs follow a single speedup curve and have exponentially distributed sizes. EQUI requires jobs to change their level of parallelization while they run. Since this is not possible for all workloads, we consider a class of "fixed-width" policies, which choose a single level of parallelization, k, to use for all jobs. We prove that, surprisingly, it is possible to achieve EQUI's performance without requiring jobs to change their levels of parallelization by using the optimal fixed level of parallelization, k*. We also show how to analytically derive the optimal k* as a function of the system load, the speedup curve, and the job size distribution. In the case where jobs may follow different speedup curves, finding a good scheduling policy is even more challenging. We find that policies like EQUI which performed well in the case of a single speedup function now perform poorly. We propose a very simple policy, GREEDY*, which performs near-optimally when compared to the numerically-derived optimal policy.
Genome-wide association study of handgrip strength in the Northern Chinese adult twins
Creators: name: Luo, Jia
name: Zhang, Tianhao
name: Wang, Weijing
name: Zhang, Dongfeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Currently, new loci related to handgrip strength have been identified in genome-wide association studies. However, this topic is an understudied area in the Chinese population. A total of 135 dizygotic twin pairs recruited from the Qingdao Twin Registry system were included in the present study. Using GEMMA, VEAGSE2, and PASCAL software for SNP-based analysis, gene-based analysis, and pathway-based analysis, respectively. The resulting SNPs were subjected to eQTL analysis. Although none of the loci reach the statistically significant level (p < 5 × 10−8), we found 19 SNPs exceeding the suggestive significant level (p < 1 × 10−5). After imputation, 162 SNPs reached suggestive evidence level for handgrip strength. A total of 1,118 genes reached the nominal significance level (p < 0.05) in gene-based analysis. A total of 626 potential biological pathways were associated with handgrip strength (p < 0.05). The results of eQTL analysis were mainly enriched in tissues such as the muscle-skeletal, brain, visceral fat, and brain-cortical. Genetic variants may involve in regulatory domains, functional genes, and biological pathways that mediate handgrip strength.
Dark energy from quantum gravity discreteness
Creators: name: Perez, Alejandro
name: Sudarsky, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We argue that discreteness at the Planck scale (naturally expected to arise from quantum gravity) might manifest in the form of minute violations of energy-momentum conservation of the matter degrees of freedom when described in terms of (idealized) smooth fields on a smooth spacetime. In the context of applications to cosmology such `energy diffusion' from the low energy matter degrees of freedom to the discrete structures underlying spacetime leads to the emergence of an effective dark energy term in Einstein's equations. We estimate this effect using a (relational) hypothesis about the materialization of discreteness in quantum gravity which is motivated by the strict observational constraints supporting the validity of Lorentz invariance at low energies. The predictions coming from simple dimensional analysis yield a cosmological constant of the order of magnitude of the observed value without fine tuning.
description: Typos corrected, closer to published version
Additional File 8:
Creators: name: Yamamoto, Cindy
name: Oakes, Melanie
name: Murakami, Taku
name: Muto, Michael
name: Berkowitz, Ross
name: Shu-Wing Ng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Ingenuity Pathway Analysis summary of top diseases and disorders, top canonical pathways, and top molecular and cellular functions. P-values are calculated using the right-tailed Fisher Exact Test and number of molecules are based on Ingenuity Knowledge Base with information contained in Canonical Pathways coming from specific journal articles, review articles, textbooks and HumanCyc. (DOCX 22 kb)
Dissipative particle dynamics: systematic parametrization using water-octanol partition coefficients
Creators: name: Anderson, Richard L.
name: Bray, David J.
name: Ferrante, Andrea S.
name: Noro, Massimo G.
name: Stott, Ian P.
name: Warren, Patrick B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic, top-down, thermodynamic parametrization scheme for dissipative particle dynamics (DPD) using water-octanol partition coefficients, supplemented by water-octanol phase equilibria and pure liquid phase density data. We demonstrate the feasibility of computing the required partition coefficients in DPD using brute-force simulation, within an adaptive semi-automatic staged optimization scheme. We test the methodology by fitting to experimental partition coefficient data for twenty one small molecules in five classes comprising alcohols and poly-alcohols, amines, ethers and simple aromatics, and alkanes (i.e. hexane). Finally, we illustrate the transferability of a subset of the determined parameters by calculating the critical micelle concentrations of selected alkyl ethoxylate surfactants, in good agreement with reported experimental values.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, 7 tables, RevTeX 4.1
Effect of Dy substitution in the giant magnetocaloric properties of HoB2
Creators: name: de Castro, Pedro Baptista
name: Terashima, Kensei
name: Yamamoto, Takafumi D.
name: Iwasaki, Suguru
name: Matsumoto, Ryo
name: Adachi, Shintaro
name: Saito, Yoshito
name: Takeya, Hiroyuki
name: Takano, Yoshihiko
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Recently, a massive magnetocaloric effect near the liquefaction temperature of hydrogen has been reported in the ferromagnetic material HoB2. Here we investigate the effects of Dy substitution in the magnetocaloric properties of Ho1-xDyxB2 alloys (x = 0, 0.3, 0.5, 0.7, 1.0). We find that the Curie temperature (TC) gradually increases upon Dy substitution, while the magnitude of the magnetic entropy change |ΔSM| and adiabatic temperature change ΔTad showed a gradual decrease. On the other hand, due to the presence of successive transitions in these alloys, the peak height of the above magnetocaloric properties tends to be kept in a wide temperature range, leading to a relatively robust figure of merit in a wide temperature span. These alloys could be interesting candidates for magnetic refrigeration in the temperature range of 10–60 K.