cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
WISDOM Project -- XIII. Feeding molecular gas to the supermassive black hole in the starburst AGN-host galaxy Fairall 49
Creators: name: Lelli, Federico
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Bureau, Martin
name: Cappellari, Michele
name: Liu, Lijie
name: Ruffa, Ilaria
name: Smith, Mark D.
name: Williams, Thomas G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mm-Wave Interferometric Survey of Dark Object Masses (WISDOM) is probing supermassive black holes (SMBHs) in galaxies across the Hubble sequence via molecular gas dynamics. We present the first WISDOM study of a luminous infrared galaxy with an active galactic nuclei (AGN): Fairall 49. We use new ALMA observations of the CO(2-1) line with a spatial resolution of about 80 pc together with ancillary HST imaging. We reach the following results: (1) The CO kinematics are well described by a regularly rotating gas disk with a radial inflow motion, suggesting weak feedback on the cold gas from both AGN and starburst activity; (2) The dynamically inferred SMBH mass is 1.6 +/- 0.4 (rnd) +/- 0.8 (sys) x 10^8 Msun, assuming that we have accurately subtracted the AGN and starburst light contributions, which have a luminosity of about 10^9 Lsun; (3) The SMBH mass agrees with the SMBH-stellar mass relation but is about 50 times higher than previous estimates from X-ray variability; (4) The dynamically inferred molecular gas mass is 30 times smaller than that inferred from adopting the Galactic CO-to-H_2 conversion factor (X_CO) for thermalised gas, suggesting low values of X_CO; (5) the molecular gas inflow rate increases steadily with radius and may be as high as 5 Msun/yr. This work highlights the potential of using high-resolution CO data to estimate, in addition to SMBH masses, the X_CO factor and gas inflow rates in nearby galaxies.
description: 19 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
PARENTING IMPACTS ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF CHILDREN’S GRATITUDE: PATHWAYS THROUGH PARENTAL SENSITIVITY AND GRATITUDE SOCIALIZATION BEHAVIORS
Creators: name: Petrie, Rachel Cyan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: The current study addresses how sensitive parenting and parenting socialization behaviors foster children’s gratitude development. Sensitive parenting may enhance empathy, and, in turn, gratitude. Parents who are more sensitive to their children’s needs may engage in more tailored gratitude socialization behaviors, strengthening the association between these behaviors and children’s gratitude over time. These two pathways are likely complementary, each affecting the development of gratitude in children. Hypotheses were tested using longitudinal data from the Raising Grateful Children Study. Though neither parental styles nor behaviors were significant independently, results showed marginal significance for an interaction between them such that parents who engaged in both had children who showed the greatest increases in gratitude over time. Empathy was not a significant mediator between parental sensitivity and gratitude, despite significant associations between parental sensitivity, empathy, and gratitude. These results show promise for future studies into the role of parents in children’s developing gratitude.
Environmental cluster effects and galaxy evolution: The HI properties of the Abell clusters A85/A496/A2670
Creators: name: López-Gutiérrez, M. M.
name: Bravo-Alfaro, H.
name: van Gorkom, J. H.
name: Caretta, C. A.
name: Durret, F.
name: Núñez-Beltrán, L. M.
name: Jaffé, Y. L.
name: Hirschmann, M.
name: Pérez-Millán, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the impact of local environment on the transformation of spiral galaxies in three nearby ($z < 0.08$) Abell clusters: A85/A496/A2670. These systems were observed in HI with the Very Large Array, covering a volume extending beyond the virial radius and detecting 10, 58, 38 galaxies, respectively. High fractions (0.40--0.86) of bright spirals [log$(M_{*}/M_{\odot})=9-10$] are not detected in HI. We provide further evidence of environmental effects consisting in significant fractions (0.10--0.33) of abnormal objects and a number of red (passive) spirals, suggesting an ongoing process of quenching. Ram-pressure profiles, and the sample of the brightest spirals used as test particles for environmental effects, indicate that ram-pressure plays an important role in stripping and transforming late-types. Phase-space diagrams and our search for substructures helped to trace the dynamical stage of the three systems. This was used to compare the global cluster effects $vs.$ pre-processing, finding that the former is the dominating mechanism in the studied clusters. By contrasting the global distribution of HI normal $vs.$ HI disturbed spirals in the combined three clusters, we confirm the expected correlation of disturbed objects located, on average, at shorter projected radii. However, individual clusters do not necessarily follow this trend and we show that A496 and A2670 present an atypical behavior. In general we provide conclusive evidence about the dependence of the transformation of infalling spirals on the ensemble of cluster properties like mass, ICM density, dynamical stage and surrounding large-scale structure.
Regularity Theory for Elliptic PDE
Creators: name: Fernández-Real, Xavier
name: Ros-Oton, Xavier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35J15, 35B65, 35J05, 35J20, 35J60, 35R35

description: This manuscript aims to provide a self-contained introduction to the regularity theory for elliptic PDE, focusing on the main ideas rather than proving all results in their greatest generality. It can be seen as a bridge between an elementary PDE course and more advanced textbooks. This is a draft of the book "Regularity Theory for Elliptic PDE". The final version has been published in Zurich Lectures in Advanced Mathematics, EMS Press, 2022.
The First Science Results from SPHERE: Disproving the Predicted Brown Dwarf around V471 Tau
Creators: name: Hardy, A.
name: Schreiber, M. R.
name: Parsons, S. G.
name: Caceres, C.
name: Retamales, G.
name: Wahhaj, Z.
name: Mawet, D.
name: Canovas, H.
name: Cieza, L.
name: Marsh, T. R.
name: Bours, M. C. P.
name: Dhillon, V. S.
name: Bayo, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variations of eclipse arrival times have recently been detected in several post common envelope binaries consisting of a white dwarf and a main sequence companion star. The generally favoured explanation for these timing variations is the gravitational pull of one or more circumbinary substellar objects periodically moving the center of mass of the host binary. Using the new extreme-AO instrument SPHERE, we image the prototype eclipsing post-common envelope binary V471 Tau in search of the brown dwarf that is believed to be responsible for variations in its eclipse arrival times. We report that an unprecedented contrast of 12.1 magnitudes in the H band at a separation of 260 mas was achieved, but resulted in a non-detection. This implies that there is no brown dwarf present in the system unless it is three magnitudes fainter than predicted by evolutionary track models, and provides damaging evidence against the circumbinary interpretation of eclipse timing variations. In the case of V471 Tau, a more consistent explanation is offered with the Applegate mechanism, in which these variations are prescribed to changes in the quadrupole moment within the main-sequence star
Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)iron(III) molecules and its magnetic coupling with ferromagnetic surface: first-principles study
Creators: name: Jiang, Wei
name: Zhou, Miao
name: Liu, Zheng
name: Sun, Dali
name: Vardeny, Z. Valy
name: Liu, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using first-principles calculations, we have systematically investigated the structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of facial (fac-) and meridional (mer-) tris(8-hydroxyquinoline)iron(III) (Feq3) molecules and their interaction with ferromagnetic substrate. Our calculation results show that for the isolated Feq3, mer-Feq3 is more stable than the fac-Feq3; and both Feq3 isomers have a high spin-state of 5 μB as the ground state when an on-site Hubbard-U term is included to treat the highly localized Fe 3d electrons; while the standard DFT calculations produce a low spin-state of 1 μB. These magnetic behaviors can be understood by the octahedral ligand field splitting theory. Furthermore, we found that fac-Feq3 has a stronger bonding to the Co surface than mer-Feq3 and an anti-ferromagnetic coupling was discovered between Fe and Co substrate, originating from the superexchange coupling between Fe and Co mediated by the interface oxygen and nitrogen atoms. These findings suggest that Feq3 molecular films may serve as a promising spin-filter material in spintronic devices.
MANIPULATION OF VERTICAL GROUND REACTION FORCE TO DETERMINE ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN KNEE GAIT BIOMECHANICS AND ACTIVATION OF THE HAMSTRINGS AND QUADRICEPS FOLLOWING ACL RECONSTRUCTION
Creators: name: Pangilinan, Julian Allen Floresca
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2022

description: This study sought to determine associations between changes in vGRF-IP and muscle coactivation (i.e. hamstrings, quadriceps) during gait, associations between changes in CRs and changes in knee gait biomechanics, and to compare hamstring and quadriceps activation between loading conditions in ACLR individuals. 25 participants completed three loading conditions (HL, LL, Control). HL and LL elicited 5% bodyweight increases and decreases in vGRF-IP, respectively. No significant associations were detected in muscle CRs or quadriceps activation nor were associations detected between changes in CRs and changes in knee gait biomechanics when elicited by HL and LL conditions. Significantly greater hamstring activation was detected in the LL condition compared to the Control condition in Intervals 1 and 2. Acute changes in vGRF-IP did not elicit significant changes in CRs suggesting coactivation does not influence changes in knee gait biomechanics which is important in developing interventions for restoring gait post-ACLR and mitigating PTOA development.
The Impacts of Real-time Knowledge Based Personal Lighting Control on Energy Consumption, User Satisfaction and Task Performance in Offices
Creators: name: Gu, Yun
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 120199 Architecture not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Civil engineering

description: Current building design and engineering practices emphasizing on energy conservation can be improved further by developing methods focusing on building occupants’ needs and interests in conservation. Specifically, the resulting energy effective building performance improvements cannot reach the desired goals, if the resulting indoor environmental conditions do not meet thermal, visual and air quality needs of the occupants. To meet both energy conservation and human performance requirements simultaneously requires to give the occupants information regarding indoor environmental qualities and energy implications of possible individual decisions. This requires that building control components and systems must enable occupants to understand how the building operates and how their own actions meet both their needs and the energy and environmental goals of the building project.
The goal of the research and experiments of this dissertation is to explore if real-time information regarding visual comfort requirements to meet a variety of tasks and to simultaneously conserve energy, improves occupant behavior to meet both objectives. Two workplaces in Robert L. Preger Intelligent Workplace were equipped to test the performance of 60 invited participants in conducting computer based tasks and a paper based task, under three difference lighting controls:
1)      Centralized lighting control with no user choice
2)      User control of
-          blind positions for daylight shading
-          ceiling based lighting fixture luminance output level
-          task lighting: on/off
3)      User control the three components (as listed under point 2 above), with provided simultaneous information regarding energy and related CO2 emissions implications, appropriate light levels meeting tasks requirements, and best choices in order to meet both task requirements and energy conservation goals/objectives.
The main findings of the experiments are that real-time information (listed under point 3 above) enables users to meet the visual quality requirements for both computer tasks and the paper task, and to conserve significant amounts of electricity for lighting. Furthermore, the 60 invited participants were asked to identify the importance of the four types of provided information tested in point 3 above. While individual users identified the importance of different information categories, the overall assessment were considered to be significant.
Genuine tripartite entanglement of W state subject to Hawking effect of a Schwarzschild black hole
Creators: name: Wu, Shu-Min
name: Fan, Xiao-Wei
name: Huang, Xiao-Li
name: Zeng, Hao-Sheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the genuine tripartite entanglement (GTE), one-tangle and two-tangle of W state of fermionic fields in the background of a Schwarzschild black hole. We find that, with the increase of the Hawking temperature, the GTE of W state first decreases and then tends to zero, while the GTE of GHZ state first decreases and then freezes. We also find that the Hawking effect can completely destroy the two-tangle of W state, whilie one-tangle first decreases and then appears freezing phenomenon with the growth of the Hawking temperature. These results are helpful to guide us to select appropriate quantum states and quantum resources to deal with relativistic quantum information tasks.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
XMM-Newton Measurement of the Galactic Halo X-ray Emission using a Compact Shadowing Cloud
Creators: name: Henley, David B.
name: Shelton, Robin L.
name: Cumbee, Renata S.
name: Stancil, Phillip C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observations of interstellar clouds that cast shadows in the soft X-ray background can be used to separate the background Galactic halo emission from the local emission due to solar wind charge exchange (SWCX) and/or the Local Bubble (LB). We present an XMM-Newton observation of a shadowing cloud, G225.60-66.40, that is sufficiently compact that the on- and off-shadow spectra can be extracted from a single field of view (unlike previous shadowing observations of the halo with CCD-resolution spectrometers, which consisted of separate on- and off-shadow pointings). We analyzed the spectra using a variety of foreground models: one representing LB emission, and two representing SWCX emission. We found that the resulting halo model parameters (temperature $T_h \approx 2 \times 10^6$ K, emission measure $E_h \approx 4 \times 10^{-3}$ cm$^{-6}$ pc) were not sensitive to the foreground model used. This is likely due to the relative faintness of the foreground emission in this observation. However, the data do favor the existence of a foreground. The halo parameters derived from this observation are in good agreement with those from previous shadowing observations, and from an XMM-Newton survey of the Galactic halo emission. This supports the conclusion that the latter results are not subject to systematic errors, and can confidently be used to test models of the halo emission.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
The Influence of Communication Networks and Turnover on Transactive Memory Systems and Team Performance
Creators: name: Kush, Jonathan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: In this dissertation, I investigate predictors and consequences of transactive memory system (TMS) development. A transactive memory system is a shared system for encoding, storing, and recalling who knows what within a group. Groups with well-developed transactive memory systems typically perform better than groups lacking such memory systems. I study how communication enhances the development of TMS and how turnover disrupts both TMS and its relationship to group performance. More specifically, I examine how communication networks affect the amount of communication, how the structure of the communication network affects the extent to which the group members share a strong identity as a group, and how both of these factors affect a group’s TMS. I also analyze how turnover disrupts the relationship between transactive memory systems and group performance. In addition, I examine how the communication network and turnover interact to affect group performance. I analyze these effects in three laboratory studies. The controlled setting of the experimental laboratory permits me to make causal inferences about the relationship of turnover and the communication network to group outcomes. Results promise to advance theory about transactive memory systems and communication networks.
Linear-in-Frequency Optical Conductivity over a broad range in the three-dimensional Dirac semimetal candidate Ir$_2$In$_8$Se
Creators: name: Xu, S. X.
name: Pi, H. Q.
name: Li, R. S.
name: Hu, T. C.
name: Wu, Q.
name: Wu, D.
name: Weng, H. M.
name: Wang, N. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical conductivity of the new Dirac semimetal candidate Ir$_2$In$_8$Se is measured in a frequency range from 40 to 30000 cm$^{-1}$ at temperatures from 300 K down to 10 K. The measurement reveals that the compound is a low carrier density metal. We find that the real part of the conductivity $σ_1(ω)$ is linear in frequency over a broad range from 500 to 4000 cm$^{-1}$ at 300 K and varies slightly with cooling. This linearity strongly suggests the presence of three-dimensional linear electronic bands with band crossings near the Fermi level. Band structure calculations indicate the presence of type-II Dirac points. By comparing our data with the optical conductivity computed from the band structure, we conclude that the observed linear dependence mainly originates from the Dirac cones and the transition between the Dirac cones and the next lower bands. In addition, a weak energy gap feature is resolved below the charge density wave phase transition temperature in reflectivity spectra. An enhanced structure arising from the imperfect Fermi surface nesting is identified in the electronic susceptibility function, suggesting a Fermi surface nesting driven instability.
Magnetic correlations of the quasi-one-dimensional half-integer spin-chain antiferromagnets Sr$M_2$V$_2$O$_8$ ($M$ = Co, Mn)
Creators: name: Bera, A. K.
name: Lake, B.
name: Stein, W. -D.
name: Zander, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic correlations of two iso-structural quasi-one-dimensional (1D) antiferromagnetic spin-chain compounds Sr$M_2$V$_2$O$_8$ ($M$ = Co, Mn) have been investigated by magnetization and powder neutron diffraction. Two different collinear antiferromagnetic (AFM) structures, characterized by the propagation vectors, $k$ = (0 0 1) and $k$ = (0 0 0), have been found below $\sim$ 5.2 K and $\sim$ 42.2 K for the Co- and Mn-compounds, respectively. For the Mn-compound, AFM chains (along the $c$ axis) order ferromagnetically within the $ab$ plane, whereas, for the Co-compound, AFM chains order ferro-/antiferromagnetically along the $a/b$ direction. The critical exponent study confirms that the Co- and Mn-compounds belong to the Ising and Heisenberg universality classes, respectively. For both compounds, short-range spin-spin correlations are present over a wide temperature range above $T_N$. The reduced ordered moments at base temperature (1.5 K) indicate the presence of quantum fluctuations in both compounds due to the quasi-1D magnetic interactions.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, 9 tables
Additional file 6 of EphrinA5 regulates cell motility by modulating Snhg15/DNA triplex-dependent targeting of DNMT1 to the Ncam1 promoter
Creators: name: Yildiz, Can Bora
name: Kundu, Tathagata
name: Gehrmann, Julia
name: Koesling, Jannis
name: Ravaei, Amin
name: Wolff, Philip
name: Kraft, Florian
name: Maié, Tiago
name: Jakovcevski, Mira
name: Pensold, Daniel
name: Zimmermann, Olav
name: Rossetti, Giulia
name: Costa, Ivan G.
name: Zimmer-Bensch, Geraldine
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 6. Additional methods.
Why Observable Space Is Solely Three Dimensional
Creators: name: Rabinowitz, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum (and classical) binding energy considerations in n-dimensional space indicate that atoms (and planets) can only exist in three-dimensional space. This is why observable space is solely 3-dimensional. Both a novel Virial theorem analysis, and detailed classical and quantum energy calculations for 3-space circular and elliptical orbits indicate that they have no orbital binding energy in greater than 3-space. The same energy equation also excludes the possibility of atom-like bodies in strictly 1 and 2-dimensions. A prediction is made that in the search for deviations from r^-2 of the gravitational force at sub-millimeter distances such a deviation must occur at < ~ 10^-10 m (or < ~10^-12 m considering muoniom), since atoms would disintegrate if the curled up dimensions of string theory were larger than this. Callender asserts that the often-repeated claim in previous work that stable orbits are possible in only three dimensions is not even remotely established. The binding energy analysis herein avoids the pitfalls that Callender points out, as it circumvents stability issues. An uncanny quantum surprise is present in very high dimensions.
description: 12 pages
Effect of two vaccine doses in the SEIR epidemic model using a stochastic cellular automaton
Creators: name: Gabrick, Enrique C.
name: Protachevicz, Paulo R.
name: Batista, Antonio M.
name: Iarosz, Kelly C.
name: de Souza, Silvio L. T.
name: Almeida, Alexandre C. L.
name: Szezech, José D.
name: Mugnaine, Michele
name: Caldas, Iberê L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: In this work, to support decision making of immunisation strategies, we propose the inclusion of two vaccination doses in the SEIR model considering a stochastic cellular automaton. We analyse three different scenarios of vaccination: $i) unlimited doses, (ii) limited doses into susceptible individuals, and (iii) limited doses randomly distributed overall individuals. Our results suggest that the number of vaccinations and time to start the vaccination is more relevant than the vaccine efficacy, delay between the first and second doses, and delay between vaccinated groups. The scenario (i) shows that the solution can converge early to a disease-free equilibrium for a fraction of individuals vaccinated with the first dose. In the scenario (ii), few two vaccination doses divided into a small number of applications reduce the number of infected people more than into many applications. In addition, there is a low waste of doses for the first application and an increase of the waste in the second dose. The scenario (iii) presents an increase in the waste of doses from the first to second applications more than the scenario $(ii)$. In the scenario (iii), the total of wasted doses increases linearly with the number of applications. Furthermore, the number of effective doses in the application of consecutive groups decays exponentially overtime.
The Magnetostriction of Single Crystals of Silicon-Iron
Creators: name: W. James Carr
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements were made of the magnetostriction of Fe-Si alloys varying in composition of 2.5 to 8 percent silicon by weight.  Calculations were made to show how the magnetostriction constants can be obtained accurately from the measurements.

The "form effect" of the specimens was calculated and subtracted from the measured values.

For each of the alloys only two constants were found necessary to describe the strain.  For annealed material the constant h1 (in Becker's notation ) was found to be zero at about 6 wt. percent silicon and h2 to be zero at about 5 wt. percent.  Measurements on quenched crystals show that at about 9 or 10 atomic percent silicon a difference in the constant h1 from that for the annealed crystals begins to appear.  Presumably the order-disorder transformation begins at about this percentage.

In part II a survey is made of previous magnetostriction theories.  The only one susceptible to calculation is the magnetic dipole theory.  For silicon-iron this theory leads to values which are too small, but not always negligible.

In the absence of exact knowledge as to the principal cause of magnetostriction a semi-empirical theory is proposed.
Comparison of Shock-Boundary Layer Interactions in Adiabatic and Isothermal Supersonic Turbine Cascades
Creators: name: Lui, H.
name: Ricciardi, T. R.
name: Wolf, W. R.
name: Junqueira-Junior, Carlos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wall-resolved large eddy simulations are employed to investigate the shock-boundary layer interactions (SBLIs) in a supersonic turbine cascade. An analysis of the suction side separation bubbles forming due to the SBLIs is presented for adiabatic and isothermal (cooled) walls. Flow snapshots indicate that the separation bubble contracts and expands in a similar fashion for both thermal boundary conditions. However, the skin-friction coefficient distributions reveal a downstream displacement of the separation region when cooling is applied. The separation bubble is also smaller for this setup compared to the adiabatic one. A steeper pressure rise is observed for the isothermal wall downstream of the incident oblique shock, and this occurs because the incident shock wave gets closer to the blade surface when cooling is applied. The Reynolds stresses are computed to investigate the effects of wall temperature on the turbulence activity. While the levels of the tangential stresses are similar for the cases analyzed, those for the wall-normal component are higher for the cooled wall.
description: AIAA paper - aviation 2022 - Wall cooling effects of the supersonic turbine flows
Laser-induced forces on atoms during ultrafast demagnetization
Creators: name: Zhang, G. P.
name: Bai, Y. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser-induced femtosecond demagnetization has attracted a broad attention as a possible candidate for information storage technology. However, whether or not lattice vibration directly participates in demagnetization has been highly controversial over a decade. A recent electron diffraction experiment attributed the demagnetization to the polarized phonon effect, but a similar x-ray diffraction experiment attributed it to the Einstein-de Haas effect. Common to both experiments is that neither the angular momentum of the lattice nor the rotation of the sample was directly probed. Here, we report our first first-principles calculation of forces on atoms induced by an ultrafast laser during ultrafast demagnetization. We employ two complementary methods: (i) the frozen lattice with electronic excitation and (ii) frozen excitation but moving the lattice. We find that the forces on atoms start at -50 fs and peak around 30 fs. The magnitude of the force is far smaller than the empirical estimates. Within the limit of our theory, our results suggest that the polarized phonon effect and the Einstein-de Haas effect are unlikely to be the main course of demagnetization. We expect that our finding has a profound impact on the future direction of laser-induced dynamics in magnetic and quantum materials.
description: 18 pages, four figures
The Stone-Cech Compatification
Creators: name: Walker, Russell
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Stone-fiech compactification PX has been a topic of increasing study since its introduction in 1937. The algebraic content of this research is collected in the 1960 textbook, Rings of continuous Functions, by L. Gillman and M. Jerison. Here we take a more purely topological viewpoint of the Stone-Cech compactification and attempt to collect the most important results which have emerged since Rings of Continuous Functions.
The construction of pX is described in an historical perspective. The theory of Boolean algebras is developed and used as a tool, primarily in a detailed investigation of 0 IN and p 3N\IN. The relationships between a space X and its "growth" PX\X are examined, including the non-homogeneity of $X\X, the cellularity of pX\X, and mappings of pX to PX\X. The Glicksberg product theorem which characterizes the products such that 0(x X ) = x (PX^) and related results are cc cc presented. Finally, the Stone-cech compactification is studied in a categorical context.
Crystal field states of Tb3+ in the pyrochlore spin liquid Tb2Ti2O7 from neutron spectroscopy
Creators: name: Princep, A. J.
name: Walker, H. C.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Prabhakaran, D.
name: Boothroyd, A. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report time-of-flight neutron scattering measurements of the magnetic spectrum of Tb3+ in Tb2Ti2O7. The data, which extend up to 120 meV and have calibrated intensity, enable us to consolidate and extend previous studies of the single-ion crystal field spectrum. We successfully refine a model for the crystal field potential in Tb2Ti2O7 without relying on data from other rare earth titanate pyrochlores, and we confirm that the ground state is a non-Kramers doublet with predominantly |+/-4> components. We compare the model critically with earlier models.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures
Algorithm for Finding an Exact Maximum Distance in E2 with Oexp(N) Complexity: Analysis and Experimental Results
Creators: name: Skala, Vaclav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 02.60.-x, 02.30.Jr, 02.60 Dc, 89.20.Ff

description: This paper describes a novel and fast, simple and robust algorithm with O(N) expected complexity which enables to decrease run time needed to find the maximum distance of two points in E2. It can be easily modified for the E3 case in general. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated experimentally on larger different datasets in order to verify it and prove expected properties of it. Experiments proved the advantages of the proposed algorithm over the standard algorithms based on the Brute force, convex hull or convex hull diameters approaches. The proposed algorithm gives a significant speed-up to applications, when medium and large data sets are processed. It is over 10 000 times faster than the standard Brute force algorithm for 10 mil. points randomly distributed points in E2 and over 4 times faster than convex hull diameter computation. The speed-up of the proposed algorithm grows with the number of points processed.
description: This contribution was partially presented as an extended abstract at the ICNAAM 2013 conference, DOI: 10.1063/1.4826047, arXiv DOI:10.48550/arXiv.2208.04730
The rectilinear Steiner tree problem with given topology and length restrictions
Creators: name: Maßberg, Jens
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of embedding the Steiner points of a Steiner tree with given topology into the rectilinear plane. Thereby, the length of the path between a distinguished terminal and each other terminal must not exceed given length restrictions. We want to minimize the total length of the tree. The problem can be formulated as a linear program and therefore it is solvable in polynomial time. In this paper we analyze the structure of feasible embeddings and give a combinatorial polynomial time algorithm for the problem. Our algorithm combines a dynamic programming approach and binary search and relies on the total unimodularity of a matrix appearing in a sub-problem.
description: 14 pages
Two Local Volume Dwarf Galaxies Discovered in 21 cm Emission: Pisces A and B
Creators: name: Tollerud, Erik J.
name: Geha, Marla C.
name: Grcevich, Jana
name: Putman, Mary E.
name: Stern, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the discovery of two dwarf galaxies, Pisces A and B, from a blind 21 cm HI search. These were the only two galaxies found via optical imaging and spectroscopy of 22 HI clouds identified in the GALFA-HI survey as dwarf galaxy candidates. They have properties consistent with being in the Local Volume ($<10$ Mpc), and one has resolved stellar populations such that it may be on the outer edge of the Local Group ($\sim 1 \, {\rm Mpc}$ from M31). While the distance uncertainty makes interpretation ambiguous, these may be among the faintest starforming galaxies known. Additionally, rough estimates comparing these galaxies to $Λ$CDM dark matter simulations suggest consistency in number density, implying that dark matter halos likely to host these galaxies are primarily HI-rich. The galaxies may thus be indicative of a large population of dwarfs at the limit of detectability that are comparable to the faint satellites of the Local Group. Because they are outside the influence of a large dark matter halo to alter their evolution, these galaxies can provide critical anchors to dwarf galaxy formation models.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, ApJL submitted (referee comments included)
Tilt-Dependent Analysis of Diffuse X-ray Scattering from Oriented Stacks of Fluid Phase Lipid Bilayers
Creators: name: Jablin, Michael
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 20399 Classical Physics not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent simulations have indicated that the traditional Helfrich-Canham model for topographical fluctuations in fluid phase biomembranes should be enriched to include molecular tilt. Experimental evidence supporting the aforementioned enrichment is reported.
Topics in Residential Electric Demand Response
Creators: name: Horowitz, Shira R.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 99999 Engineering not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Other engineering and technologies

description: Demand response and dynamic pricing are touted as ways to empower consumers, save consumers money, and capitalize on the “smart grid” and expensive advanced meter infrastructure. In this work, I attempt to show that demand response and dynamic pricing are more nuanced. Dynamic pricing is very appealing in theory but the reality of it is less clear. Customers do not always respond to prices. Price differentials are not always large enough for customers to save money. Quantifying energy that was not used is difficult.
In chapter 2, I go into more detail on the potential benefits of demand response. I include a literature review of residential dynamic pilots and tariffs to see if there is evidence that consumers respond to dynamic rates, and assess the conditions that lead to a response.
Chapter 3 explores equity issues with dynamic pricing. Flat rates have an inherent cross-subsidy built in because more peaky customers (who use proportionally more power when marginal price is high) and less peaky customers pay the same rates, regardless of the cost they impose on the system. A switch to dynamic pricing would remove this cross subsidy and have a significant distributional impact. I analyze this distributional impact under different levels of elasticity and capacity savings.
Chapter 4 is an econometric analysis of the Commonwealth Edison RTP tariff. I show that it is extremely difficult to find the small signal of consumer response to price in all of the noise of everyday residential electricity usage.
Chapter 5 looks at methods for forecasting, measuring, and verifying demand response in direct load control of air-conditioners. Forecasting is important for system planning. Measurement and verification are necessary to ensure that payments are fair. I have developed a new, censored regression based model for forecasting the available direct load control resource. This forecast can be used for measurement and verification to determine AC load in the counterfactual where DLC is not applied. This method is more accurate than the typical moving averages used by most ISO’s, and is simple, easy, and cheap to implement.
Unbiased, High-Throughput Electron Microscopy Analysis of Experience-Dependent Synaptic Changes
Creators: name: Chandrasekaran, Santosh
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neocortical circuits can adapt to changes in sensory input by modifying the strength or number of synapses. These changes have been well-characterized electrophysiologically in primary somatosensory (barrel) cortex of rodents across different ages and with different patterns of whisker stimulation. Previous work from our lab has identified layer-specific critical periods for synaptic potentiation after selective whisker experience (SWE), where all but one row of facial whiskers has been removed. Although whole-cell patch-clamp recording methods enable a mechanistic understanding of how synaptic plasticity can occur in vivo, they are painstakingly slow, typically focus on a small number of observed events, and are focused on a single pathway or restricted anatomical area. For example, most studies of plasticity in barrel cortex have focused on analyses of experience-dependent synaptic changes in layer 4 and layer 2/3, at a single time point, but it is unclear whether such changes are limited to these layers, or whether they persist over long time periods. Here we employ an established electron-microscopic technique that selectively intensifies synaptic contacts, in combination with unbiased, automated synapse detection, to broadly explore experience-dependent changes in synaptic size and density across many neocortical layers, regions, and time periods in a high-throughput fashion. To validate the method, we focused on imaging synaptic contacts at time points surrounding the critical period for strengthening of excitatory synapses in mouse barrel cortex, and compared these to electrophysiological analyses that show a doubling of synaptic events targeting layer 2/3 pyramidal neurons following SWE. We found that the pattern of occurrence of synapses across the cortical layers is significantly different following SWE. Also, an increase in length was observed specifically in layer 3 synapses. Furthermore, we uncovered potential bidirectional plasticity in L6 synapses depending on the developmental state of circuit and a potential critical period onset for L5A synapse at PND 18. The high resolution imaging and unbiased synapse detection has enabled us to potentially tease apart synaptic changes that occur in a laminar specific fashion. This high-throughput method will facilitate analysis of experience-dependent changes in synaptic density by age, sensory experience, genotype, pharmacological treatments or behavioral training, and will enable classification of synaptic structure to identify key parameters that can be changed by these variables.
xGASS: The connection between angular momentum, mass and atomic gas fraction in nearby galaxies
Creators: name: Hardwick, Jennifer A.
name: Cortese, Luca
name: Obreschkow, Danail
name: Catinella, Barbara
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a sample of 559 disc galaxies extracted from the eXtended GALEX Arecibo SDSS Survey (xGASS) to study the connection between baryonic angular momentum, mass and atomic gas fraction in the local Universe. Baryonic angular momenta are determined by combining HI and H$_{2}$ integrated profiles with two-dimensional stellar mass surface density profiles. In line with previous work, we confirm that specific angular momentum and atomic gas fraction are tightly correlated, but we find a larger scatter than previously observed. This is most likely due to the wider range of galaxy properties covered by our sample. We compare our findings with the predictions of the analytical stability model developed by Obreschkow et al. and find that, while the model provides a very good first-order approximation for the connection between baryonic angular momentum, mass and gas fraction, it does not fully match our data. Specifically, we find that at fixed baryonic mass, the dependence of specific angular momentum on gas fraction is significantly weaker, and at fixed gas fraction, the slope of the angular momentum vs. mass relation is shallower than what was predicted by the model. The reasons behind this tension remain unclear, but we speculate that multiple factors may simultaneously play a role, all related to the fact that the model is not able to encapsulate the full diversity of galaxy properties in our sample.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Extraction of diffusion coefficients from the study of Rb release in different carbon catchers
Creators: name: Guillot, Julien
name: Roussiere, Brigitte
name: Jardin, Pascal
name: Charon, Emeline
name: Forestier-Colleoni, Ugo
name: Lafourcade, Romain
name: L'Hermite, Martine Mayne
name: Borg, Elie
name: Bosquet, Vincent
name: Brisset, Francois
name: Dong, Wenling
name: Jourdain, Stephane
name: Lebois, Matthieu
name: Thisse, Damien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: New Target-Ion Source Systems combining a target and a catcher material are developed in the radioactive beam community, in particular at GANIL, in order to maximise the yield of very short lived atoms by minimizing the atom-to-ion transformation time. The aim of this study is to characterize the release properties of 81Rb collected on two graphite catchers and two carbon nanotube catchers. The release fractions were measured at various catcher-heating temperatures and then compared to the analytical expressions relevant to each catcher. This comparison led to the extraction of the pre-exponential factor (D0) and the activation energy (Eact) involved in the diffusion coefficient of Rb for three carbon microstructures. All these data allowed to define an ideal catcher which could be made of aligned carbon nanotubes of small diameter and oriented in order to collect all the 81Rb atoms produced by the target but also to release them efficiently.
First on-sky results of ERIS at VLT
Creators: name: Kravchenko, Kateryna
name: Dallilar, Yigit
name: Absil, Olivier
name: Berbel, Alex Agudo
name: Baruffolo, Andrea
name: Bonse, Markus J.
name: Buron, Alexander
name: Cao, Yixian
name: Cortes, Angela
name: Dannert, Felix
name: Davies, Richard
name: De Rosa, Robert J.
name: Deysenroth, Matthias
name: Doelman, David S.
name: Eisenhauer, Frank
name: Esposito, Simone
name: Feuchtgruber, Helmut
name: Schreiber, Natascha Förster
name: Gao, Xiaofeng
name: Gemperlein, Hans
name: Genzel, Reinhard
name: Gillessen, Stefan
name: Ginski, Christian
name: Glauser, Adrian M.
name: Glindemann, Andreas
name: Grani, Paolo
name: Haguenauer, Pierre
name: Hartwig, Johannes
name: Hayoz, Jean
name: Heida, Marianne
name: Kenworthy, Matthew
name: Kolb, Johann
name: Kuntschner, Harald
name: Lutz, Dieter
name: Liu, Daizhong
name: MacIntosh, Mike
name: Marsset, Michaël
name: de Xivry, Gilles Orban
name: Özdemir, Hakan
name: Puglisi, Alfio
name: Quanz, Sascha P.
name: Rau, Christian
name: Riccardi, Armando
name: Schuppe, Daniel
name: Snik, Frans
name: Sturm, Eckhard
name: Tacconi, Linda
name: Taylor, William D.
name: Wiezorrek, Erich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ERIS (Enhanced Resolution Imager and Spectrograph) is a new adaptive optics instrument installed at the Cassegrain focus of the VLT-UT4 telescope at the Paranal Observatory in Chile. ERIS consists of two near-infrared instruments: SPIFFIER, an integral field unit (IFU) spectrograph covering J to K bands, and NIX, an imager covering J to M bands. ERIS has an adaptive optics system able to work with both LGS and NGS. The Assembly Integration Verification (AIV) phase of ERIS at the Paranal Observatory was carried out starting in December 2021, followed by several commissioning runs in 2022. This contribution will describe the first preliminary results of the on-sky performance of ERIS during its commissioning and the future perspectives based on the preliminary scientific results.
description: Proceeding of SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2022