cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Solar sail with superconducting circular current-carrying wire
Creators: name: Kezerashvili, Vladimir Ya.
name: Kezerashvili, Roman Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Popular Physics (physics.pop-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Background: A solar sail presents a large sheet of low areal density membrane and is the most elegant propellant-less propulsion system for the future exploration of the Solar System and beyond. By today the study on sail membrane deployment strategies has attracted considerable attention. Goal: In this work we present an idea of the deployment and stretching of the circular solar sail. We consider the superconducting current loop attached to the thin membrane %to develop a new (method) approach of deployment of a solar sail and and predict that a superconducting current loop can deploy and stretch the circular solar sail membrane. Method: In the framework of a strict mathematical approach based on the classical electrodynamics and theory of elasticity the magnetic field induced by the superconducting current loop and elastic properties of a circular solar sail membrane and wire loop are analyzed. The formulas for the wire and sail membrane stresses and strains caused by the current in the superconducting wire are derived. Results: The obtained analytical expressions can be applied to a wide range of solar sail sizes. Numerical calculations for the sail of radius of 5 m to 150 m made of CP1 membrane of the thickness of 3.5 $μm$ attached to Bi$-$2212 superconducting wire with the cross-section radius of 0.5 mm to 10 mm are presented. Calculations are performed for the engineering current densities of 100 A/mm$^{2}$ to 1000 A/mm$^{2}$. Conclusion: Our calculations demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed idea for the solar sail deployment for the future exploration of the deep space by means of the light pressure propellant.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures
Additional file 1: of Progenitor cell mobilisation and recruitment in pulmonary arteries in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Creators: name: Tura-Ceide, Olga
name: Pizarro, Sandra
name: Jéssica García-Lucio
name: Ramírez, Josep
name: Molins, Laureano
name: Blanco, Isabel
name: Torralba, Yolanda
name: Sitges, Marta
name: Bonjoch, Cristina
name: Peinado, Victor
name: Barberà, Joan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Plant Biology

description: Figure S1. Immunolocalization of CD45+ and CD133+cells in pulmonary arteries. (a) Representative micrograph of a transversal section of a pulmonary artery (around 2 mm diameter) stained with a monoclonal antibody against CD45 (arrows are showing positive cells in the intima layer). (b) Representative micrograph of a transversal section of a pulmonary artery stained with a monoclonal antibody against CD133 (arrows are showing positive cells in the intima and sometimes in the media layer). (PDF 706 kb)
Layered patterns in reaction-diffusion models with Perona-Malik diffusions
Creators: name: De Luca, Alessandra
name: Folino, Raffaele
name: Strani, Marta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we deal with a reaction-diffusion equation in a bounded interval of the real line with a nonlinear diffusion of Perona-Malik's type and a balanced bistable reaction term. Under very general assumptions, we study the persistence of layered solutions, showing that it strongly depends on the behavior of the reaction term close to the stable equilibria $\pm1$, described by a parameter $θ>1$. If $θ\in(1,2)$, we prove existence of steady states oscillating (and touching) $\pm1$, called $compactons$, while in the case $θ=2$ we prove the presence of $metastable$ $solutions$, namely solutions with a transition layer structure which is maintained for an exponentially long time. Finally, for $θ>2$, solutions with an unstable transition layer structure persist only for an algebraically long time.
description: 41 pages,7 figures
Dual Cross-Linked Chitosan Microspheres Formulated with Spray-Drying Technique for the Sustained Release of Levofloxacin
Creators: name: Zhou, Jing
name: Chen, Yuanyuan
name: Luo, Mengmeng
name: Deng, Fen
name: Lin, Sen
name: Wu, Wencan
name: Li, Guqiang
name: Nan, Kaihui
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biophysics
Biochemistry
Space Science
Medicine
Pharmacology
Biotechnology
Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Objective: This study was aimed to develop sustained drug release from levofloxacin (LF) loaded chitosan (CS) microspheres for treating ophthalmic infections. Significance: Dual cross-linked chitosan microspheres developed by the spray-drying technique displays significantly higher level of sustained drug release compared with non-cross-linked CS microspheres. Methods: LF-loaded CS microspheres were prepared using the spray-drying technique, and then solidified with tripolyphosphate (TPP) and glutaraldehyde (GA) as dual cross-linking agents. The microspheres were characterized by surface morphology, size distribution, zeta potential, encapsulation efficiency and drug release profiles in vitro. The drug quantification was verified and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The structural interactions of the CS with LF were studied with Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The effect of various influencing excipients in the formulation of the dual cross-linked CS microspheres on drug encapsulation efficiency and the drug release profiles were extensively investigated. Result: The microspheres demonstrated high encapsulation efficiency (72.4 ∼ 98.55%) and were uniformly spherical with wrinkled surface. The mean particle size was between 1020.7 ± 101.9 and 2381.2 ± 101.6 nm. All microspheres were positively charged (zeta potential ranged from 31.1 ± 1.32 to 42.81 ± 1.55 mV). The in vitro release profiles showed a sustained release of the drug and it was remarkably influenced by the cross-linking process. Conclusion: This novel spray-drying technique we have developed is suitable for manufacturing LF-loaded CS microspheres, and thus could serve as a potential platform for sustained drug release for effective therapeutic application in ocular infections.
Stochastic semiclassical gravity
Creators: name: Martin, Rosario
name: Verdaguer, Enric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the first part of this paper, we show that the semiclassical Einstein-Langevin equation, introduced in the framework of a stochastic generalization of semiclassical gravity to describe the back reaction of matter stress-energy fluctuations, can be formally derived from a functional method based on the influence functional of Feynman and Vernon. In the second part, we derive a number of results for background solutions of semiclassical gravity consisting of stationary and conformally stationary spacetimes and scalar fields in thermal equilibrium states. For these cases, fluctuation-dissipation relations are derived. We also show that particle creation is related to the vacuum stress-energy fluctuations and that it is enhanced by the presence of stochastic metric fluctuations.
description: 26 pages, RevTeX, no figures
Niladmirara Fedotova 2018, gen. n.
Creators: name: Fedotova, Z. A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Cecidomyiidae
Niladmirara

description: Key to species of the genus Niladmirara gen. n. (by males)
 1. Gonostyles with claw round apically (Figs 1, 23). Basal margin of genitalia with medial excision (Fig. 1). Parameres much longer than gonocoxites. Aedeagus with large basal swollen, prolonging far behind genitalia. Neck F5 1.7 times as long as burrel-shaped basal enlargement. Antennae 2+16-17 segments. Empodium as long as tarsal claw (Fig. 6, 7) or longer one. Body length 1.43 mm; length of wing 2.18 mm ……….......……………...……………................................... N. metula sp. n.
– Gonostylus with very thin small pointed claw (Figs 10, 20, 24). Basal margin of genitalia is round (Figs 10, 24). Parameres shorter than gonocoxites. Rod of aedeagus reaches the base of genitaia (Fig. 24) or slightly longer one (Figs 10). Neck F5 1.2 or 1.8 times as long as basal enlargement (Fig. 11).......................... 2
 2. Projections of parameres almost equal length (Fig. 24). Antennae 2+22-23 segments, apical flagellomere cone shaped. Neck of middle flagellomeres 1.2 times as long as subcylindric basal enlargement. Empodium longer than tarsal claw. Length of wing 3.2 mm.................................................................................. …………............................... N. mucronata (Mamaev et Zaitzev, 1998), comb. n.
 – One from projections of parameres much longer than other (Fig. 10). Antennae 2+15-16 segments, terminal flagellomere with round apex (Fig. 18). Neck F5 1.8 times as long as barrel-shaped basal enlargement (Fig. 17). Empodium shorter than tarsal claw (Fig. 15). Body length 1.58 mm; length of wing 2.46 mm ………. ……………………………………..…….............................. N. devergentia sp. n.
description: Published as part of Fedotova, Z. A., 2018, New taxa of the gall midges of the tribe Asynaptini (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae, Porricondylinae) from the Russian Far East, pp. 1-12 in Far Eastern Entomologist 362 on pages 9-10, DOI: 10.25221/fee.362.1, http://zenodo.org/record/7164187
Topological phase diagrams of in-plane field polarized Kitaev magnets
Creators: name: Chern, Li Ern
name: Castelnovo, Claudio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While the existence of a magnetic field induced quantum spin liquid in Kitaev magnets remains under debate, its topological properties often extend to proximal phases where they can lead to unusual behaviors of both fundamental and applied interests. Subjecting a generic nearest neighbor spin model of Kitaev magnets to a sufficiently strong in-plane magnetic field, we study the resulting polarized phase and the associated magnon excitations. In contrast to the case of an out-of-plane magnetic field where the magnon band topology is enforced by symmetry, we find that it is possible for topologically trivial and nontrivial parameter regimes to coexist under in-plane magnetic fields. We map out the topological phase diagrams of the magnon bands, revealing a rich pattern of variation of the Chern number over the parameter space and the field angle. We further compute the magnon thermal Hall conductivity as a weighted summation of Berry curvatures, and discuss experimental implications of our results to planar thermal Hall effects in Kitaev magnets.
description: 7+12 pages, 4+5 figures, 1+0 table; published version
title: Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft
Creators: name: :None
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: 05

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020
A Reciprocity Relation for WP-Bailey Pairs
Creators: name: Laughlin, James Mc
name: Zimmer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 33D15, 11B65, 05A19

description: We derive a new general transformation for WP-Bailey pairs by considering the a certain limiting case of a WP-Bailey chain previously found by the authors, and examine several consequences of this new transformation. These consequences include new summation formulae involving WP-Bailey pairs. Other consequences include new proofs of some classical identities due to Jacobi, Ramanujan and others, and indeed extend these identities to identities involving particular specializations of arbitrary WP-Bailey pairs.
description: 17 pages
Dictionary-based Online-adaptive Structure-preserving Model Order Reduction for Parametric Hamiltonian Systems
Creators: name: Herkert, Robin
name: Buchfink, Patrick
name: Haasdonk, Bernard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Classical model order reduction (MOR) for parametric problems may become computationally inefficient due to large sizes of the required projection bases, especially for problems with slowly decaying Kolmogorov n-widths. Additionally, Hamiltonian structure of dynamical systems may be available and should be preserved during the reduction. In the current presentation, we address these two aspects by proposing a corresponding dictionary-based, online-adaptive MOR approach. The method requires dictionaries for the state-variable, non-linearities and discrete empirical interpolation (DEIM) points. During the online simulation, local basis extensions/simplifications are performed in an online-efficient way, i.e. the runtime complexity of basis modifications and online simulation of the reduced models do not depend on the full state dimension. Experiments on a linear wave equation and a non-linear Sine-Gordon example demonstrate the efficiency of the approach.
description: 29 pages, 13 figures
The effects of interface morphology on Schottky barrier heights: a case study on Al/GaAs(001)
Creators: name: Ruini, Alice
name: Resta, Raffaele
name: Baroni, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The problem of Fermi-level pinning at semiconductor-metal contacts is readdressed starting from first-principles calculations for Al/GaAs. We give quantitative evidence that the Schottky barrier height is very little affected by any structural distortions on the metal side---including elongations of the metal-semiconductor bond (i.e. interface strain)---whereas it strongly depends on the interface structure on the semiconductor side. A rationale for these findings is given in terms of the interface dipole generated by the ionic effective charges.
description: 5 pages, latex file, 2 postscript figures automatically included
Permutation Invariant Encodings for Quantum Machine Learning with Point Cloud Data
Creators: name: Heredge, Jamie
name: Hill, Charles
name: Hollenberg, Lloyd
name: Sevior, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum Computing offers a potentially powerful new method for performing Machine Learning. However, several Quantum Machine Learning techniques have been shown to exhibit poor generalisation as the number of qubits increases. We address this issue by demonstrating a permutation invariant quantum encoding method, which exhibits superior generalisation performance, and apply it to point cloud data (three-dimensional images composed of points). Point clouds naturally contain permutation symmetry with respect to the ordering of their points, making them a natural candidate for this technique. Our method captures this symmetry in a quantum encoding that contains an equal quantum superposition of all permutations and is therefore invariant under point order permutation. We test this encoding method in numerical simulations using a Quantum Support Vector Machine to classify point clouds drawn from either spherical or toroidal geometries. We show that a permutation invariant encoding improves in accuracy as the number of points contained in the point cloud increases, while non-invariant quantum encodings decrease in accuracy. This demonstrates that by implementing permutation invariance into the encoding, the model exhibits improved generalisation.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
The Quantum Collapse and the Birth of a New Universe
Creators: name: Fil'chenkov, M. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational collapse and the birth of a new universe are considered in terms of quantum mechanics. Transitions from annihilation of matter to deflation in the collapse and from inflation to creation of matter in the birth of a universe are considered. The creation of a new universe takes place in another space-time since beyond the event horizon the time coordinate is inextensible for an external observer. A reasonable probability of this creation is obtainable only for miniholes. The major part of the mass of such collapsing compact objects as stars, quasars and active nuclei of galaxies remains confined in the potential well near the vacuum state.
description: 9 pages, no figures, LaTeX, to appear in Phys. Lett. B
Nonsteady condensation and evaporation waves
Creators: name: Inomoto, Osamu
name: Kai, Shoichi
name: Malomed, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study motion of a phase transition front at a constant temperature between stable and metastable states in fluids with the universal Van der Waals equation of state (which is valid sufficiently close to the fluid's critical point). We focus on a case of relatively large metastability and low viscosity, when it can be shown analytically that no steadily moving phase-transition front exists. Numerically simulating a system of the one-dimensional Navier-Stokes and continuity equations, we find that, in this case, the nonsteady phase-transition front emits acoustic shocks in forward and backward directions. Through this mechanism, the front drops its velocity and eventually comes to a halt. The acoustic shock wave may shuttle, bouncing elastically from the system's edge and strongly inelastically from the phase transition front. Nonsteady rarefaction shock waves appear in the shuttle process, despite the fact that the model does not admit steady rarefaction waves propagating between stationary states. If the viscosity is below a certain threshold, an instability sets in, driving the system into a turbulent state. This work was supported by the Japan Society for Promotion of Science.
description: revtex text file and four eps files with figures. Physical Review Letters, in press
title: Der Tanz der Tapuya: Zur kulturellen Codierung von Hautfarben in der frühen Neuzeit
Creators: name: Burschel, Peter
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 306

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 17
The Case for a Positive Cosmological Lambda-term
Creators: name: Sahni, Varun
name: Starobinsky, Alexei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent observations of Type 1a supernovae indicating an accelerating universe have once more drawn attention to the possible existence, at the present epoch, of a small positive Lambda-term (cosmological constant). In this paper we review both observational and theoretical aspects of a small cosmological Lambda-term. We discuss the current observational situation focusing on cosmological tests of Lambda including the age of the universe, high redshift supernovae, gravitational lensing, galaxy clustering and the cosmic microwave background. We also review the theoretical debate surrounding Lambda: the generation of Lambda in models with spontaneous symmetry breaking and through quantum vacuum polarization effects -- mechanisms which are known to give rise to alarge value of Lambda hence leading to the `cosmological constant problem'. More recent attempts to generate a small cosmological constant at the present epoch using either field theoretic techniques, or by modeling a dynamical Lambda-term by scalar fields are also extensively discussed. Anthropic arguments favouring a small cosmological constant are briefly reviewed. A comprehensive bibliography of recent work on Lambda is provided.
description: 84 pages, latex, 17 figures. Revised and updated. More material added including a new section and several new figures. Invited review article, to appear in: International Journal of Modern Physics D
Spectral Subspaces of Sturm-Liouville Operators and Variable Bandwidth
Creators: name: Celiz, Mark Jason
name: Gröchenig, Karlheinz
name: Klotz, Andreas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A36, 34B24, 34L05, 34L25, 46B15, 46E22

description: We study spectral subspaces of the Sturm-Liouville operator $f \mapsto -(pf')'$ on $\mathbb{R}$, where $p$ is a positive, piecewise constant function. Functions in these subspaces can be thought of as having a local bandwidth determined by $1/\sqrt{p}$. Using the spectral theory of Sturm-Liouville operators, we make the reproducing kernel of these spectral subspaces more explicit and compute it completely in certain cases. As a contribution to sampling theory, we then prove necessary density conditions for sampling and interpolation in these subspaces and determine the critical density that separates sets of stable sampling from sets of interpolation.
A Concrete Model for the Quantum Permutation Group on 4 Points
Creators: name: Faroß, Nicolas
name: Weber, Moritz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 2019, Jung-Weber gave an example of a concrete magic unitary $M$, which defines a $C^*$-algebraic model of the quantum permutation group $S_4^+$. We show with the help of a computer that there exist no polynomials up to degree $50$ separating the entries of $M$ from the generators of $C(S_4^+)$. This indicates that the magic unitary $M$ might already define a faithful model of $S_4^+$.
Space-compatible cavity-enhanced single-photon generation with hexagonal boron nitride
Creators: name: Vogl, Tobias
name: Lecamwasam, Ruvi
name: Buchler, Ben C.
name: Lu, Yuerui
name: Lam, Ping Koy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sources of pure and indistinguishable single-photons are critical for near-future optical quantum technologies. Recently, color centers hosted by two-dimensional hexagonal boron nitride (hBN) have emerged as a promising platform for high luminosity room temperature single-photon sources. Despite the brightness of the emitters, the spectrum is rather broad and the single-photon purity is not sufficient for practical quantum information processing. Here, we report integration of such a quantum emitter hosted by hBN into a tunable optical microcavity. A small mode volume of the order of $λ^3$ allows us to Purcell enhance the fluorescence, with the observed excited state lifetime shortening. The cavity significantly narrows the spectrum and improves the single-photon purity by suppression of off-resonant noise. We explore practical applications by evaluating the performance of our single-photon source for quantum key distribution and quantum computing. The complete device is compact and implemented on a picoclass satellite platform, enabling future low-cost satellite-based long-distance quantum networks.
Bird's-Eye-View Panoptic Segmentation Using Monocular Frontal View Images
Creators: name: Gosala, Nikhil
name: Valada, Abhinav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Bird's-Eye-View (BEV) maps have emerged as one of the most powerful representations for scene understanding due to their ability to provide rich spatial context while being easy to interpret and process. Such maps have found use in many real-world tasks that extensively rely on accurate scene segmentation as well as object instance identification in the BEV space for their operation. However, existing segmentation algorithms only predict the semantics in the BEV space, which limits their use in applications where the notion of object instances is also critical. In this work, we present the first BEV panoptic segmentation approach for directly predicting dense panoptic segmentation maps in the BEV, given a single monocular image in the frontal view (FV). Our architecture follows the top-down paradigm and incorporates a novel dense transformer module consisting of two distinct transformers that learn to independently map vertical and flat regions in the input image from the FV to the BEV. Additionally, we derive a mathematical formulation for the sensitivity of the FV-BEV transformation which allows us to intelligently weight pixels in the BEV space to account for the varying descriptiveness across the FV image. Extensive evaluations on the KITTI-360 and nuScenes datasets demonstrate that our approach exceeds the state-of-the-art in the PQ metric by 3.61 pp and 4.93 pp respectively.
description: 17 pages, 13 figures, Accepted for publication in the IEEE Robotics and Automation Letters (RA-L)
title: Zirkuläre Kausalität - ein Ausgangspunkt zur Entschlüsselung des Ursprungs des Lebens
Creators: name: Kirschning, Andreas
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 547

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 41
title: Ein vereinheitlichter nichtlinearer Ansatz zur Strukturanalyse von Balken- und Schalentragwerken
Creators: name: Gebhardt, Cristian
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 620

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 50
Principal models on a solvable group with nonconstant metric
Creators: name: Hlavaty, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Field equations for generalized principle models with nonconstant metric are derived and ansatz for their Lax pairs is given. Equations that define the Lax pairs are solved for the simplest solvable group. The solution is dependent on one free variable that can serve as the spectral parameter. Painleve analysis of the resulting model is performed and its particular solutions are found
description: 8 pages, Latex2e, no figures
Additional file 1: of Phylogenetic mapping of scale nanostructure diversity in snakes
Creators: name: Arrigo, Marcelle
name: Vilaca, Luis Oliveira
name: Fofonjka, Anamarija
name: Achyuthan Srikanthan
name: Debry, Adrien
name: Milinkovitch, Michel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology

description: Table S1. Characters and their states for every species studied. Subspecies removed from the phylogenetic mapping analyses are indicated with an asterisk. Cell shape: 0 = wide, 1 = polygonal; Border elevation: 0 = levelled, 1 = elevated, 2 = high; Cell border: 0 = regular, 1 = short digits, 2 = mild digits, 3 = long digits, 4 = sawteeth; Cell surface: 0 = smooth, 1 = holes, 2 = straight channels, 3 = labyrinthine channels; Ridge: 0 = absent, 1 = present; Life habit: 0 = aquatic, 1 = terrestrial, 2 = fossorial, 3 = arboreal. The same character matrix, as well as one SEM image of the corresponding species is available in a MySQL relational database at https://snake-nanogratings.lanevol.org . (PDF 618 kb)
Convolution of multifractals and the local magnetization in a random field Ising chain
Creators: name: Nowotny, Thomas
name: Behn, Ulrich
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The local magnetization in the one-dimensional random-field Ising model is essentially the sum of two effective fields with multifractal probability measure. The probability measure of the local magnetization is thus the convolution of two multifractals. In this paper we prove relations between the multifractal properties of two measures and the multifractal properties of their convolution. The pointwise dimension at the boundary of the support of the convolution is the sum of the pointwise dimensions at the boundary of the support of the convoluted measures and the generalized box dimensions of the convolution are bounded from above by the sum of the generalized box dimensions of the convoluted measures. The generalized box dimensions of the convolution of Cantor sets with weights can be calculated analytically for certain parameter ranges and illustrate effects we also encounter in the case of the measure of the local magnetization. Returning to the study of this measure we apply the general inequalities and present numerical approximations of the D_q-spectrum. For the first time we are able to obtain results on multifractal properties of a physical quantity in the one-dimensional random-field Ising model which in principle could be measured experimentally. The numerically generated probability densities for the local magnetization show impressively the gradual transition from a monomodal to a bimodal distribution for growing random field strength h.
description: An error in figure 1 was corrected, small additions were made to the introduction and the conclusions, some typos were corrected, 24 pages, LaTeX2e, 9 figures
Single-stage Multi-human Parsing via Point Sets and Center-based Offsets
Creators: name: Chu, Jiaming
name: Jin, Lei
name: Xing, Junliang
name: Zhao, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This work studies the multi-human parsing problem. Existing methods, either following top-down or bottom-up two-stage paradigms, usually involve expensive computational costs. We instead present a high-performance Single-stage Multi-human Parsing (SMP) deep architecture that decouples the multi-human parsing problem into two fine-grained sub-problems, i.e., locating the human body and parts. SMP leverages the point features in the barycenter positions to obtain their segmentation and then generates a series of offsets from the barycenter of the human body to the barycenters of parts, thus performing human body and parts matching without the grouping process. Within the SMP architecture, we propose a Refined Feature Retain module to extract the global feature of instances through generated mask attention and a Mask of Interest Reclassify module as a trainable plug-in module to refine the classification results with the predicted segmentation. Extensive experiments on the MHPv2.0 dataset demonstrate the best effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed method, surpassing the state-of-the-art method by 2.1% in AP50p, 1.0% in APvolp, and 1.2% in PCP50. In particular, the proposed method requires fewer training epochs and a less complex model architecture. We will release our source codes, pretrained models, and online demos to facilitate further studies.
Impact of binary interaction on the evolution of blue supergiants
Creators: name: Farrell, Eoin
name: Groh, Jose
name: Meynet, Georges
name: Kudritzki, Rolf
name: Eldridge, J. J.
name: Georgy, Cyril
name: Ekström, Sylvia
name: Yoon, Sung-Chul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large fraction of massive stars evolve in interacting binary systems, which dramatically modifies the outcome of stellar evolution. We investigated the properties of blue supergiants in binary systems and whether they are suitable for extragalactic distance determinations using the flux-weighted gravity luminosity relationship (FGLR). This is a relationship between the absolute bolometric magnitude $M_{\rm bol}$ and the spectroscopically determined flux-weighted gravity $g_{\rm F} = g/T^4_{\rm eff}$. We computed a grid of binary stellar evolution models with MESA and use the v2.1 BPASS models to examine whether they are compatible with the relatively small scatter shown by the observed relationship. Our models have initial primary masses of 9 - 30 $M_\odot$, initial orbital periods of 10 - 2511 days, mass ratio $q$ = 0.9, and metallicity $Z$ = 0.02. We find that the majority of primary stars that produce blue supergiant stages are consistent with the observed FGLR, with a small offset towards brighter bolometric magnitudes. In between 1\% - 24\% of cases, binary evolution may produce blue supergiants after a mass transfer episode, that lie below the observed FGLR. A small number of such stars have been found in extragalactic FGLR studies, suggesting that they may have evolved through binary interaction. Some models with shorter periods could resemble blue hypergiants and LBVs. We used CMFGEN radiative transfer models to investigate the effects of unresolved secondaries on diagnostics for $T_{\rm eff}$ and $g$, and the biases on the determination of interstellar reddening and $M_{\rm bol}$. We find that the effects are small and within the observed scatter, but could lead to a small overestimate of the luminosity, of $T_{\rm eff}$ and of $g$ for extreme cases. We conclude that the observed FGLR can, in principle, be well reproduced by close binary evolution models.
description: 15 pages, 12 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
MOESM1 of Hormesis effects of phosphorus on the viability of Chlorella regularis cells under nitrogen limitation
Creators: name: Fu, Liang
name: Li, Qingcheng
name: Yan, Ge
name: Zhou, Dandan
name: Crittenden, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. The COD and DIN consumptions during C. regularis growth with different P concentrations. Error bars represent standard deviation values, which were obtained based on triplicate measurements.
Gillmeria pallidactyla
Creators: name: Ustjuzhanin, P. Ya.
name: Kovtunovich, V. N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Pterophoridae
Gillmeria
Gillmeria pallidactyla

description: Gillmeria pallidactyla (Haworth, 1811)   MATERIAL EXAMINED. Khakhassia: M. Syiya, 17–18.VII 1998, 3♂ (V. Zinchenko).
DISTRIBUTION. Temperate zone of the Palaearctic; North America.
description: Published as part of Ustjuzhanin, P. Ya. & Kovtunovich, V. N., 2018, The fauna of plume moths (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) of the Republic of Khakassia, pp. 21-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 362 on page 22, DOI: 10.25221/fee.362.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7168479
Higher-form Symmetries under Weak Measurement
Creators: name: Su, Kaixiang
name: Myerson-Jain, Nayan
name: Wang, Chong
name: Jian, Chao-Ming
name: Xu, Cenke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to address the following question: if we start with a quantum state with a spontaneously broken higher-form symmetry, what is the fate of the system under weak local quantum measurements? We demonstrate that under certain conditions, a phase transition can be driven by weak measurements, which suppresses the spontaneous breaking of the 1-form symmetry and weakens the 1-form symmetry charge fluctuation. We analyze the nature of the transitions employing the tool of duality, and we demonstrate that some of the transitions driven by weak measurement enjoy a line of fixed points with self-duality.
description: 14 pages, 2 figure
Categorization by a three-state attractor neural network
Creators: name: Dominguez, D. R. C.
name: Bollé, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantitative Biology (q-bio)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The categorization properties of an attractor network of three-state neurons which infers three-state concepts from examples are studied. The evolution equations governing the parallel dynamics at zero temperature for the overlap between the state of the network and the examples, the state of the network and the concepts as well as the neuron activity are discussed in the limit of extreme dilution. A transition from a retrieval region to a categorization region is found when the number of examples or their correlations are increased. If the pattern activity is small enough, the examples (concepts) are very well retrieved (categorized) for an appropriate choice of the zero-activity threshold of the neurons.
description: 17 pages incl. figures, LaTeX, uses epsfig.sty
Entanglement monogamy via multivariate trace inequalities
Creators: name: Berta, Mario
name: Tomamichel, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropy is a fundamental concept in quantum information theory that allows to quantify entanglement and investigate its properties, for example its monogamy over multipartite systems. Here, we derive variational formulas for relative entropies based on restricted measurements of multipartite quantum systems. By combining these with multivariate matrix trace inequalities, we recover and sometimes strengthen various existing entanglement monogamy inequalities. In particular, we give direct, matrix-analysis-based proofs for the faithfulness of squashed entanglement by relating it to the relative entropy of entanglement measured with one-way local operations and classical communication, as well as for the faithfulness of conditional entanglement of mutual information by relating it to the separably measured relative entropy of entanglement. We discuss variations of these results using the relative entropy to states with positive partial transpose, and multipartite setups. Our results simplify and generalize previous derivations in the literature that employed operational arguments about the asymptotic achievability of information-theoretic tasks.
description: 22 pages; v2: published version
A Godel-Friedman cosmology?
Creators: name: Carneiro, Saulo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on the mathematical similarity between the Friedman open metric and Godel's metric in the case of nearby distances, we investigate a new scenario for the Universe's evolution, where the present Friedman universe originates from a primordial Godel universe by a phase transition during which the cosmological constant vanishes. Using Hubble's constant and the present matter density as input, we show that the radius and density of the primordial Godel universe are close, in order of magnitude, to the present values, and that the time of expansion coincides with the age of the Universe in the standard Friedman model. In addition, the conservation of angular momentum provides, in this context, a possible origin for the rotation of galaxies, leading to a relation between the masses and spins corroborated by observational data.
description: Extended version, accepted for publication in Physical Review D
title: Georg Simmel und seine Wiederentdeckung als Philosoph: Aktuelles aus der Forschung
Creators: name: Karafyllis, Nicole
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 10

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 60
Additional file 1: of Real-life assessment of aripiprazole monthly (Abilify Maintena) in schizophrenia: a Canadian naturalistic non-interventional prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Mustafa, Sally
name: Bougie, Joanna
name: Miguelez, Maia
name: Guerline Clerzius
name: Rampakakis, Emmanouil
name: Proulx, Jean
name: Malla, Ashok
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Adherence rate to AOM from first to last injection. (DOCX 14 kb)
title: CRISPR/Cas: Entdeckung, Funktion, Chancen und Herausforderungen: Eine Einführung in die Thematik
Creators: name: Steinert, Michael
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 576

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 75
Gillmeria stenoptiloides
Creators: name: Ustjuzhanin, P. Ya.
name: Kovtunovich, V. N.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Pterophoridae
Gillmeria
Gillmeria stenoptiloides

description: Gillmeria stenoptiloides (Filipjev, 1927)   MATERIAL EXAMINED. Khakhassia: Shira, 21–24.VI 2011, 1♂ (K. Tomkovich).
DISTRIBUTION. Siberia, Russian Far East, Mongolia, China, Japan (Honshu).
description: Published as part of Ustjuzhanin, P. Ya. & Kovtunovich, V. N., 2018, The fauna of plume moths (Lepidoptera: Pterophoridae) of the Republic of Khakassia, pp. 21-24 in Far Eastern Entomologist 362 on page 22, DOI: 10.25221/fee.362.4, http://zenodo.org/record/7168479
Existence and stability of solitary waves to the rotation-Camassa-Holm equation
Creators: name: Tong, Hao
name: Yang, Shaojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q35, 35Q51

description: In this paper, we investigate existence and stability of solitary waves to the rotation-Camassa-Holm equation which can be considered as a model in the shallow water for the long-crested waves propagating near the equator with effect of the Coriolis force due to the Earths rotation. We prove existence of solitary waves by performing a phase plane analysis. Moreover, utilizing the approach proposed by Grillakis-Shatah-Strauss, we prove stability of solitary waves.
title: Laudatio zur Verleihung der Carl Friedrich Gauß-Medaille der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft an Frau Professorin Emmanuell Charpentier
Creators: name: Heinz, Dirk
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 54

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 82
Adaptive Estimation-Based Safety-Critical Cruise Control of Vehicular Platoons
Creators: name: Bohara, Vishrut
name: Farzan, Siavash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Optimal cruise control design can increase highway throughput and vehicle safety in traffic flow. In most heterogeneous platoons, the absence of vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication poses challenges in maintaining system stability and ensuring a safe inter-vehicle distance. This paper presents an adaptive estimation-based control design for adaptive cruise control (ACC) that reliably estimates the states of the preceding vehicle while ensuring the autonomous vehicle operates within a safe region. Lyapunov functions and Control Barrier Functions (CBFs) are employed to design a safety-critical controller that guarantees safety despite potential estimation errors. The proposed unified control formulation addresses limitations in the existing cruise control solutions by simultaneously ensuring safety, stability, and optimal performance. The estimator-controller framework is implemented in scenarios with and without vehicle-to-vehicle communication, demonstrating successful performance in maintaining platoon safety and stability. Additionally, physics engine-based simulations reinforce both the practical viability of the proposed control framework in real-world situations and the controller's adeptness at maintaining safety amidst realistic operating conditions.
description: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology (TVT)
title: Lässt sich erweitertes Zusammenwirken zwischen Menschen und intelligenten Maschinen empirisch feststellen?: Überlegungen zur Adaptierung des Turing-Tests
Creators: name: Haux, Reinhold
Publisher: name: Cuvillier
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Jahrbuch der BWG
subject: Brunsvicensien der Universitätsbibliothek Braunschweig
subject: 003
subject: 610

description: Jahrbuch der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020Jahrbuch 2020 der Braunschweigischen Wissenschaftlichen Gesellschaft, vol. 2020, p. 99
The Training Process of Many Deep Networks Explores the Same Low-Dimensional Manifold
Creators: name: Mao, Jialin
name: Griniasty, Itay
name: Teoh, Han Kheng
name: Ramesh, Rahul
name: Yang, Rubing
name: Transtrum, Mark K.
name: Sethna, James P.
name: Chaudhari, Pratik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop information-geometric techniques to analyze the trajectories of the predictions of deep networks during training. By examining the underlying high-dimensional probabilistic models, we reveal that the training process explores an effectively low-dimensional manifold. Networks with a wide range of architectures, sizes, trained using different optimization methods, regularization techniques, data augmentation techniques, and weight initializations lie on the same manifold in the prediction space. We study the details of this manifold to find that networks with different architectures follow distinguishable trajectories but other factors have a minimal influence; larger networks train along a similar manifold as that of smaller networks, just faster; and networks initialized at very different parts of the prediction space converge to the solution along a similar manifold.