cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Soft x-ray detection for small satellites with a commercial CMOS sensor at room temperature
Creators: name: Tammes, Steve
name: Roth, Tyler
name: Kaaret, Philip
name: DeRoo, Casey
name: Elmaleh, Abdallah
name: McChesney, Jessica L
name: Rodolakis, Fanny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor) sensors have progressed to a point where they may offer improved performance in imaging x-ray detection compared to the CCDs often used in x-ray satellites. We demonstrate x-ray detection in the soft x-ray band (250-1700 eV) by a commercially available back-illuminated Sony IMX290LLR CMOS sensor using the Advanced Photon Source at the Argonne National Laboratory. While operating the device at room temperature, we measure energy resolutions (FWHM) of 48 eV at 250 eV and 83 eV at 1700 eV which are comparable to the performance of the Chandra ACIS and the Suzaku XIS. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the IMX290LLR can withstand radiation up to 17.1 krad, making it suitable for use on spacecraft in low earth orbit.
Dry Friction Avalanches: Experiment and Robin Hood model
Creators: name: Buldyrev, Sergey V.
name: Ferrante, John
name: Zypman, Fredy R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents experimental evidence and theoretical models supporting that dry friction stick-slip is described by self-organized criticality. We use the data, obtained with a pin-on-disc tribometer set to measure lateral force to examine the variation of the friction force as a function of time. We study nominally flat surfaces of aluminum and steel. The probability distribution of force jumps follows a power law with exponents $μ$ in the range 2.2 -- 5.4. The frequency power spectrum follows a $1/{f^α}$ pattern with $α$ in the range 1 -- 2.6. In addition, we present an explanation of these power-laws observed in the dry friction experiments based on the Robin Hood model of self organized criticality. We relate the values of the exponents characterizing these power laws to the critical exponents $D$ an $ν$ of the Robin Hood model. Furthermore, we numerically solve the equation of motion of a block pulled by a spring and show that at certain spring constant values the motion is characterized by the same power law spectrum as in experiments. We propose a physical picture relating the fluctuations of the force with the microscopic geometry of the surface.
description: 25 pages, 17 figures
Lülf, Franz, Die Lima-Erklärungen über Eucharistie und Amt und deren Rezeption durch die evangelischen Landeskirchen in Deutschland
Creators: name: Coenen, Lothar
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 43 Nr. 3 (1994): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 43, Heft 3
Dynamical Realization of Macroscopic Superposition States of Cold Bosons in a Tilted Double Well
Creators: name: Carr, Lincoln D.
name: Dounas-Frazer, D. R.
name: García-March, Miguel-Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present exact expressions for the quantum sloshing of Bose-Einstein condensates in a tilted two-well potential. Tunneling is suppressed by a small potential difference between wells, or tilt. However, tunneling resonances occur for critical values of the tilt when the barrier is high. At resonance, tunneling times on the order of 10-100 ms are possible. Furthermore, such tilted resonances lead to a dynamical scheme for creating few-body NOON-like macroscopic superposition states which are protected by the many body wavefunction against potential fluctuations.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, final version, only minor changes from previous arXiv version
Selection rules of twistronic angles in 2D material flakes via dislocation theory
Creators: name: Zhu, Shuze
name: Annevelink, Emil
name: Pochet, Pascal
name: Johnson, Harley T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Interlayer rotation angle couples strongly to the electronic states of twisted van der Waals layers. However, not every angle is energetically favorable. Recent experiments on rotation-tunable electronics reveal the existence of a discrete set of angles at which the rotation-tunable electronics assume the most stable configurations. Nevertheless, a quantitative map for locating these intrinsically preferred twist angles in twisted bilayer system has not been available, posing challenges for the on-demand design of twisted electronics that are intrinsically stable at desired twist angles. Here we reveal a simple mapping between intrinsically preferred twist angles and geometry of the twisted bilayer system, in the form of geometric scaling laws for a wide range of intrinsically preferred twist angles as a function of only geometric parameters of the rotating flake on a supporting layer. We reveal these scaling laws for triangular and hexagonal flakes since they frequently appear in chemical vapor deposition growth. We also present a general method for handling arbitrary flake geometry. Such dimensionless scaling laws possess universality for all kinds of two-dimensional material bilayer systems, providing abundant opportunities for the on-demand design of intrinsic "twistronics". For example, the set of increasing magic-sizes that intrinsically prefers zero-approaching sequence of multiple magic-angles in bilayer graphene system can be revealed.
Retroviral-mediated gene transfer into the WEHI-231 B cell line
Creators: name: Krebs, Danielle L.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: B lymphocytes play an important role in the immune response against pathogens. Our laboratory is interested in the biochemistry of how antigen engagement of the B cell antigen receptor (BCR) regulates B cell activation and survival. The WEHI-231 murine B cell lymphoma is extensively used as a model system to study this process. WEHI-231 cells undergo growth arrest and apoptosis in response to BCR crosslinking and can be rescued from apoptosis by engagement of CD40. To investigate the signaling pathways that mediate these responses, a common approach is to express altered signaling proteins that may block or activate signaling pathways. We and others have previously used electroporation to express genes of interest in WEHI-231 cells. However, electroporation is an inefficient and timeconsuming method to express genes in these cells. An alternative method to express genes in WEHI-231 cells involves the use of retroviruses as a vehicle for gene transfer. One aim of this thesis was to set up retroviral-mediated gene transfer in our laboratory and optimize retroviral-mediated gene transfer into WEHI-231 cells. By testing different retroviral vectors and methods of infecting WEHI-231 cells, we have optimized this method such that 75% of the cells express the gene of interest after two days. In addition, the remaining non-infected cells can be killed with two additional days of puromycin selection. Thus, using this procedure, one can obtain a pure population of WEHI-231 cells expressing an exogenous gene in four days. In addition, we found that the optimized method of retroviral-mediated gene transfer could be used to express genes in the BAL17 B cell line but not the A20 B cell line. Since sufficient cells for biochemical experiments can now be obtained in four days as opposed to 4-6 weeks for electroporation, the retroviral-mediated gene transfer procedure reported here may expedite the study of signal transduction in B cells. A second aim of this thesis was apply the method of retroviral-mediated gene transfer to manipulate the signal transduction pathway regulated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) in WEHI-231 cells. The phospholipid products produced by PI3K regulate many downstream targets. In turn, these targets regulate diverse biological responses such as the prevention of apoptosis, cytoskeletal rearrangements and cell differentiation. PI3K is activated in response to BCR crosslinking, however the downstream targets and biological responses regulated by BCR-activated PI3K remain poorly characterized.
Fast computation of angular power spectra and covariances of high-resolution cosmic microwave background maps using the Toeplitz approximation
Creators: name: Louis, Thibaut
name: Naess, Sigurd
name: Garrido, Xavier
name: Challinor, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a simple approximation that can speed up the computation of the mode-coupling matrices, which are usually the bottleneck for computing unbiased angular power spectra, as well as their associated covariance matrices, of the cosmic microwave background temperature and polarization anisotropies. The approximation results in the speed up of the MASTER algorithm by more than an order of magnitude with very little loss of precision. We demonstrate the performance on simulations of forthcoming cosmic microwave background surveys such as the Simons Observatory and CMB-S4 for a wide variety of survey window functions.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures. The code used to produce all results of the paper is publicly available on Github
Discovery of a Magnetic White Dwarf/Probable Brown Dwarf Short-Period Binary
Creators: name: Schmidt, G. D.
name: Szkody, P.
name: Silvestri, N. M.
name: Cushing, M. C.
name: Liebert, J.
name: Smith, P. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic white dwarf SDSS J121209.31+013627.7 exhibits a weak, narrow Halpha emission line whose radial velocity and strength are modulated on a period of ~90 minutes. Though indicative of irradiation on a nearby companion, no cool continuum component is evident in the optical spectrum, and IR photometry limits the absolute magnitude of the companion to M_J > 13.37. This is equivalent to an isolated L5 dwarf, with T_eff < 1700 K. Consideration of possible evolutionary histories suggests that, until ~0.6 Gyr ago, the brown dwarf orbited a ~1.5 M_sun main seqeunce star with P ~ 1 yr, a ~ 1 AU, thus resembling many of the gaseous superplanets being found in extrasolar planet searches. Common envelope evolution when the massive star left the main sequence reduced the period to only a few hours, and ensuing angular momentum loss has further degraded the orbit. The binary is ripe for additional observations aimed at better studying brown dwarfs and the effects of irradiation on their structure.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Effects of strain, electric, and magnetic fields on lateral electron spin transport in semiconductor epilayers
Creators: name: Hruska, M.
name: Kos, S.
name: Crooker, S. A.
name: Saxena, A.
name: Smith, D. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct a spin-drift-diffusion model to describe spin-polarized electron transport in zincblende semiconductors in the presence of magnetic fields, electric fields, and off-diagonal strain. We present predictions of the model for geometries that correspond to optical spin injection from the absorption of circularly polarized light, and for geometries that correspond to electrical spin injection from ferromagnetic contacts. Starting with the Keldysh Green's function description for a system driven out of equilibrium, we construct a semiclassical kinetic theory of electron spin transport in strained semiconductors in the presence of electric and magnetic fields. From this kinetic theory we derive spin-drift-diffusion equations for the components of the spin density matrix for the specific case of spatially uniform fields and uniform electron density. We solve the spin-drift-diffusion equations numerically and compare the resulting images with scanning Kerr microscopy data of spin-polarized conduction electrons flowing laterally in bulk epilayers of n-type GaAs. The spin-drift-diffusion model accurately describes the experimental observations. We contrast the properties of electron spin precession resulting from magnetic and strain fields. Spin-strain coupling depends linearly on electron wave vector and spin-magnetic field coupling is independent of electron wave vector. As a result, spatial coherence of precessing spin flows is better maintained with strain than with magnetic fields, and the spatial period of spin precession is independent of the applied electrical bias in strained structures whereas it is strongly bias dependent for the case of applied magnetic fields.
description: 15 pages, 9 figures
How Accurate is the Quantum String Bethe Ansatz?
Creators: name: Schafer-Nameki, Sakura
name: Zamaklar, Marija
name: Zarembo, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare solutions of the quantum string Bethe equations with explicit one-loop calculations in the sigma-model on AdS(5)xS(5). The Bethe ansatz exactly reproduces the spectrum of infinitely long strings. When the length is finite, we find that deviations from the exact answer arise which are exponentially small in the string length.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; v4: typo in A.2 corrected
Simulations of Vortex Evolution and Phase Slip in Oscillatory Potential Flow of the Superfluid Component of Helium-4 Through an Aperture
Creators: name: Flaten, J. A.
name: Borden, C. T.
name: Lindensmith, C. A.
name: Zimmermann, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of semicircular quantum vortex loops in oscillating potential flow emerging from an aperture is simulated in some highly symmetrical cases. As the frequency of potential flow oscillation increases, vortex loops that are evolving so as eventually to cross all of the streamlines of potential flow are drawn back toward the aperture when the flow reverses. As a result, the escape size of the vortex loops, and hence the net energy transferred from potential flow to vortex flow in such 2 Pi phase-slip events, decreases as the oscillation frequency increases. Above some aperture-dependent and flow-dependent threshold frequency, vortex loops are drawn back into the aperture. Simulations are preformed using both radial potential flow and oblate-spheroidal potential flow.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures, sequel to cond-mat/0502037
A fundamental theorem of powerful set-valued for F-rough ring
Creators: name: Abdunabi, Faraj. A.
name: Shletie, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Mathematics (math.GM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we introduce the upper and lower approximations on the invers set-valued mapping and the approximations an established on a powerful set valued homomorphism from a ring R1 to power sets of a ring R2. Moreover, the properties of lower and upper approximations of a powerful set valued are studies. In addition, we will give a proof of the theorem of isomorphism over approximations F-rough ring as new result. However, we will prove the kernel of the powerful set-valued homomorphism is a subring of R1. Our result is introduce the first isomorphism theorem of ring as generalized the concept of the set valued mappings.
Cephalopoda
Creators: name: Groves, Lindsey T.
name: Squires, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Cephalopoda

description: CEPHALOPODA  GENERA AND HIGHER TAXA   Diptychoceras Gabb, 1869b: 143. Type species: Diptychoceras laevis Gabb, 1869b: 144–145, pl. 25, figs. 21–21b, by OD.
 Helicancylus Gabb, 1869b: 140–141. Type species: Ptychoceras aequicostatus Gabb, 1864b: 74, pl. 25, fig. 20, by monotypy. Remarks: Helicancylcus is a nomen dubium, according to Vermeulen et al. (2013: 30).
 Polorthidae Gabb, 1872a: 260 –261. Remarks: Gabb (1872a) erected this family based on examination of the bivalve Polorthus americana (Gabb), believing it to be a cephalopod and designated Polorthus as the type genus of the new family. Stephenson (1937: 60) demonstrated that P. americana is a boring bivalve.
 Ptiloteuthis Gabb, 1869b: 128. Type species: Ptiloteuthis foliatus Gabb, 1869b: 128–129, pl. 19, fig. 4, by OD. Remarks: Actually a Cretaceous insect wing, according to Rehn (1939: 1–2).
description: Published as part of Groves, Lindsey T. & Squires, Richard L., 2018, Annotated Catalog of the Fossil Invertebrates Described by, and Named for, William More Gabb (1839 - 1878), pp. 1-150 in Zootaxa 4534 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4534.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3771206
Inertial self-propelled particles
Creators: name: Caprini, Lorenzo
name: Marconi, Umberto Marini Bettolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a self-propelled particle moving in a solvent with the active Ornstein Uhlenbeck dynamics in the underdamped regime to evaluate the influence of the inertia. We focus on the properties of potential-free and harmonically confined underdamped active particles, studying how the single-particle trajectories modify for different values of the drag coefficient. In both cases, we solve the dynamics in terms of correlation matrices and steady-state probability distribution functions revealing the explicit correlations between velocity and active force. We also evaluate the influence of the inertia on the time-dependent properties of the system, discussing the mean square displacement and the time-correlations of particle positions and velocities. Particular attention is devoted to the study of the Virial active pressure unveiling the role of the inertia on this observable.
Quantum Fields on Star Graphs
Creators: name: Bellazzini, B.
name: Mintchev, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct canonical quantum fields which propagate on a star graph modeling a quantum wire. The construction uses a deformation of the algebra of canonical commutation relations, encoding the interaction in the vertex of the graph. We discuss in this framework the Casimir effect and derive the correction to the Stefan-Boltzmann law induced by the vertex interaction. We also generalize the algebraic setting for covering systems with integrable bulk interactions and solve the quantum non-linear Schroedinger model on a star graph.
description: LaTex 23+1 pages, 4 figures
NMHDECAY 2.0: An updated program for Sparticle masses, Higgs masses, couplings and decay widths in the NMSSM
Creators: name: Ellwanger, Ulrich
name: Hugonie, Cyril
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe the the improved properties of the NMHDECAY program, that is designed to compute Higgs and sparticle masses and Higgs decay widths in the NMSSM. In the version 2.0, Higgs decays into squarks and sleptons are included, accompagnied by a calculation of the squark, gluino and slepton spectrum and tests against constraints from LEP and the Tevatron. Further radiative corrections are included in the Higgs mass calculation. A link to MicrOMEGAs allows to compute the dark matter relic density, and a rough (lowest order) calculation of the BR(s -> b gamma) is performed.
description: 23 pages, names of the Higgs and Neutralino mixing mass matrices changed in order to agree with SLHA2
Gastropoda
Creators: name: Groves, Lindsey T.
name: Squires, Richard L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Mollusca
Gastropoda

description: GASTROPODA   " Ptychoris " see Gabb (1876b). Remarks: Gabb (1876b: 291) mentioned that Athleta purpuriformis (Forbes, 1846) and Athleta scrobiculata Stoliczka, 1867 –1868 might belong to a new genus, and Gabb informally suggested that it could possibly be named Ptychoris. Wenz (1943: 1322) erroneously reported that Gabb had officially named this genus, but Gabb did not describe it nor did he designate a type species.
 gracilior (Cancellaria) Carpenter in Gabb, 1869a: 50, unfigured. Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara Co. California; Pleistocene? Type Material: Type material not located (Stewart 1927: 291); holotype UCMP 15530 and paratype UCMP 15531 (Palmer 1958: 223, pl. 26, figs. 6, 7 respectively). Remarks: Gabb's description of this species was quoted from Carpenter (in lit.). Admete gracilior (Carpenter in Gabb, 1869a), according to Arnold (1903: 219, pl. 7, fig. 4).
description: Published as part of Groves, Lindsey T. & Squires, Richard L., 2018, Annotated Catalog of the Fossil Invertebrates Described by, and Named for, William More Gabb (1839 - 1878), pp. 1-150 in Zootaxa 4534 (1) on page 118, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4534.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3771206
Grammatical elicitation: Tense-aspect in main and subordinate clauses
Creators: name: Sales, Henry
name: Garvin, Karee
name: Hermalin, Noah
name: Melguy, Yevgeniy
name: Scott, Tessa
name: Wilbanks, Eric
Publisher: name: California Language Archive, University of California, Berkeley
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: mam

description: Verbs include 'open,' 'sleep,' abd 'be happy.' Lead elicitor: Eric Wilbanks. Scribe: Yevgeniy Melguy. Clean copy: Tessa Scott.
Highly Clumpy Structure of the Thermal Composite Supernova Remnant 3C391 Unveiled by Chandra
Creators: name: Chen, Yang
name: Su, Yang
name: Slane, Patrick O.
name: Wang, Q. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the internal thermal X-ray emission seen in ``thermal composite" supernova remnants is still uncertain. Chandra observation of the 3C391 shows a southeast-northwest elongated morphology and unveils a highly clumpy structure of the remnant. Detailed spatially resolved spectral analysis for the small-scale features reveals normal metal abundance and uniform temperature for the interior gas. The properties of the hot gas comparatively favor the cloudlet evaporation model as a main mechanism for the ``thermal composite" X-ray appearance, though radiative rim and thermal conduction may also be effective. A faint protrusion is found in Si and S lines out of the southwest radio border.
description: 7 pages, 4 embedded figures, in COSPAR 2004 session E1.4, "Young Neutron Stars and Supernova Remnants", Advances in Space Research, in press
Fabrizio Conca, La mia Signora. Storia di un amore bianconero
Creators: name: Vallorani, Nicoletta
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Fabrizio Conca,
La mia Signora. Storia di un amore bianconero
(Milano, Schena Editore ISBN 978-88-6806-089-3)
di Nicoletta Vallorani
description: Altre Modernità, No 14 (2015): Giocarsi l’identità: sport  e culture, il locale e il globale
La Linguistica Cognitiva: un’applicazione didattica per l’insegnamento dello spagnolo come lingua straniera
Creators: name: Paleari, Valentina
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: La Linguistica Cognitiva:un’applicazione didattica perl’insegnamento dello spagnolo comelingua stranieradi Valentina PaleariRELATORE: prof.ssa Elena LandoneCORRELATORE: prof.ssa Emilia PerassiCORSO DI LAUREA: Laurea Magistrale in Lingue e Letterature Europee ed ExtraeuropeeUNIVERSITA’: Università degli Studi di MilanoANNO ACCADEMICO: 2014-2015
description: Altre Modernità, No 14 (2015): Giocarsi l’identità: sport  e culture, il locale e il globale
CfP #15 La finzione della legge. Crimine, giustizia, fatti e finzione
Creators: name: Nicoletta Vallorani, (A Cura Di)
name: Nicoletta Di Ciolla, (A Cura Di)
name: Anna Pasolini, (A Cura Di)
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: La finzione della legge.Crimine, giustizia, fatti e finzione
description: Altre Modernità, No 14 (2015): Giocarsi l’identità: sport  e culture, il locale e il globale
CfP #16 Decolonizzazione, decolonizzazioni: ripensarne le eredità tra paradigmi teorici e rappresentazioni culturali
Creators: name: Vincenzo Russo, (A Cura Di)
Publisher: name: Università degli  Studi di Milano
Year: 2015

description: Decolonizzazione, decolonizzazioni: ripensarne le eredità tra paradigmi teorici e rappresentazioni culturali
a cura di Vincenzo Russo
description: Altre Modernità, No 14 (2015): Giocarsi l’identità: sport  e culture, il locale e il globale
Low-Energy X-ray Performance of SOI Pixel Sensors for Astronomy, "XRPIX"
Creators: name: Kodama, Ryota
name: Tsuru, Takeshi Go
name: Tanaka, Takaaki
name: Uchida, Hiroyuki
name: Kayama, Kazuho
name: Amano, Yuki
name: Takeda, Ayaki
name: Mori, Koji
name: Nishioka, Yusuke
name: Yukumoto, Masataka
name: Hida, Takahiro
name: Arai, Yasuo
name: Kurachi, Ikuo
name: Kohmura, Takayoshi
name: Hagino, Kouichi
name: Hayashida, Mitsuki
name: Kitajima, Masatoshi
name: Kawahito, Shoji
name: Yasutomi, Keita
name: Kamehama, Hiroki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have been developing a new type of X-ray pixel sensors, "XRPIX", allowing us to perform imaging spectroscopy in the wide energy band of 1-20 keV for the future Japanese X-ray satellite "FORCE". The XRPIX devices are fabricated with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor silicon-on-insulator technology, and have the "Event-Driven readout mode", in which only a hit event is read out by using hit information from a trigger output function equipped with each pixel. This paper reports on the low-energy X-ray performance of the "XRPIX6E" device with a Pinned Depleted Diode (PDD) structure. The PDD structure especially reduces the readout noise, and hence is expected to largely improve the quantum efficiencies for low-energy X-rays. While F-K X-rays at 0.68 keV and Al-K X-rays at 1.5 keV are successfully detected in the "Frame readout mode", in which all pixels are read out serially without using the trigger output function, the device is able to detect Al-K X-rays, but not F-K X-rays in the Event-Driven readout mode. Non-uniformity is observed in the counts maps of Al-K X-rays in the Event-Driven readout mode, which is due to region-to-region variation of the pedestal voltages at the input to the comparator circuit. The lowest available threshold energy is 1.1 keV for a small region in the device where the non-uniformity is minimized. The noise of the charge sensitive amplifier at the sense node and the noise related to the trigger output function are ~$18~e^-$ (rms) and ~$13~e^-$ (rms), respectively.
description: 8 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication in NIMA, proceedings of the 12th International "Hiroshima" Symposium on the Development and Application of Semiconductor Tracking Detector (HSTD12)
Jupyter meets the Earth: Enabling discovery in geoscience through interactive computing at scale
Creators: name: Pérez, Fernando
name: Hamman, Joseph
name: Larsen, Laurel
name: Paul, Kevin
name: Heagy, Lindsey
name: Holdgraf, Christopher
name: Panda, Yuvi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: geoscience
data science
climate
hydrology
geophysics
open-source
software

description: The proposal narrative for NSF Award 1928406 which is a part of the "EarthCube: Developing a Community-Driven Data and Knowledge Environment for the Geosciences" program.
Spin-drag relaxation time in one-dimensional spin-polarized Fermi gases
Creators: name: Rainis, Diego
name: Polini, Marco
name: Tosi, M. P.
name: Vignale, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin propagation in systems of one-dimensional interacting fermions at finite temperature is intrinsically diffusive. The spreading rate of a spin packet is controlled by a transport coefficient termed "spin drag" relaxation time $τ_{\rm sd}$. In this paper we present both numerical and analytical calculations of $τ_{\rm sd}$ for a two-component spin-polarized cold Fermi gas trapped inside a tight atomic waveguide. At low temperatures we find an activation law for $τ_{\rm sd}$, in agreement with earlier calculations of Coulomb drag between slightly asymmetric quantum wires, but with a different and much stronger temperature dependence of the prefactor. Our results provide a fundamental input for microscopic time-dependent spin-density functional theory calculations of spin transport in 1D inhomogeneous systems of interacting fermions.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
The grammar and acquisition of Secwepemctsín independent pronouns
Creators: name: Lai, I-Ju Sandra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Secwepemctsin, also known as Shuswap, is an endangered language spoken in the interior of British Columbia. No research dedicated to the study of Secwepemctsin pronouns is currently available. This thesis examines the independent pronouns of this language. Secwepemctsin is a radical head-marking language, and its independent pronouns function very differently from its bound pronominal clitics/affixes. This thesis provides a detailed description of the internal and external syntax of Secwepemctsin independent pronouns. They are analyzed as maximal projections that can occupy predicate positions as well as adjoin to DPs in argument positions. Binding effects follow from this analysis. Secwepemctsin independent pronouns show a strong subject orientation in third person contexts; it is the combined result of the independent pronouns' sensitivity to discourse and a subject-object asymmetry in the language: discourse familiarity is associated with syntactic positions via a mapping principle, yielding the Independent Pronoun Restriction. A semantic account of independent pronouns is provided. Secwepemctsin independent pronouns are shown to be contrastive focus when in predicate position, and contrastive topic when in argument position. Their behaviour is analyzed according to an alternative-based view of semantic theory. A case study of a child's acquisition of Secwepemctsin independent pronouns is documented, and the characteristics of her pronominal system are compared to those of an adult fluent speaker. Issues regarding language acquisition are discussed. It is found that although the child gets both Secwepemctsin and English input, her performance of Secwepemctsin is also influenced by Secwepemctsin-external and English-external factors. While this thesis investigates the technical details of Secwepemctsin syntax, it also places the study in the social context in which the language is in the process of being revived. A chapter on implications discusses the importance of providing learners of endangered languages with a positive environment in which to use the language. This chapter also points out the direction that endangered aboriginal languages may be heading, and stresses the importance of using language creatively.
Numerical scheme for evaluating the collision integrals for triple interactions in relativistic plasma
Creators: name: Prakapenia, M. A.
name: Siutsou, I. A.
name: Vereshchagin, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary interactions in relativistic plasma, such as Coulomb and Compton scattering as well as pair creation and annihilation are well known and studied in details. Triple interactions, namely relativistic bremsstrahlung, double Compton scattering, radiative pair production, triple pair production/annihilation and their inverse processes, are usually considered as emission processes in astrophysical problems, as well as in laboratory plasmas. Their role in plasma kinetics is fundamental [1]. We present a new conservative scheme for computation of Uehling-Uhlenbeck collision integral for all triple interactions in relativistic plasma based on direct integration of exact QED matrix elements. Reaction rates for thermal distributions are compared, where possible, with the corresponding analytic expressions, showing good agreement. Our results are relevant for quantitative description of relativistic plasmas out of equilibrium, both in astrophysical and laboratory conditions.
description: accepted for publication in Physics of Plasmas
The relativistic quantum Boltzmann equation near equilibrium
Creators: name: Bae, Gi-Chan
name: Jang, Jin Woo
name: Yun, Seok-Bae
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The relativistic quantum Boltzmann equation (or the relativistic Uehling-Uhlenbeck equation) describes the dynamics of single-species fast-moving quantum particles. With the recent development of the relativistic quantum mechanics, the relativistic quantum Boltzmann equation has been widely used in physics and engineering such as in the quantum collision experiments and the simulations of electrons in graphene. In spite of such importance, there has been no mathematical theory on the existence of solutions for the relativistic quantum Boltzmann equation to the best of authors' knowledge. In this paper, we prove the global existence of a unique classical solution to the relativistic Boltzmann equation for both bosons and fermions when the initial distribution is nearby a global equilibrium.
Characteristics of Large-Scale Farms, 1987
Creators: name: Reimund, Donn A.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
name: Reimund, Donn A.
name: Kalbacher, Judith Z.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Production Economics
subject: Large-scale farms
subject: regional characteristics
subject: commodities produced
subject: production expenses
subject: government payments
subject: financial performance
subject: organizational characteristics
subject: operator characteristics

description: The total number of farms in the United States declined during 1982-87, continuing a long-term trend toward fewer farms. Large-scale farms (farms with annual product sales of $500,000 or more) increased during the period, both in absolute numbers and as a percentage of all farms. Although only a small fraction of all farms, large-scale farms increased their share of land in farms from 10.5 percent in 1982 to 13.0 percent in 1987 and their share of farm product sales from 32.4 percent to 38.2 percent. This report uses 1987 (the most recent data available) and earlier Census of Agriculture data to summarize the major structural and financial characteristics of large-scale farms. The report looks at how these farms are organized and their resource base and financial situation in relation to farms in general.
ElectronicSupplementaryMaterial_ESM from Population collapse of habitat-forming species in the Mediterranean: a long-term study of gorgonian populations affected by recurrent marine heatwaves
Creators: name: Gómez-Gras, D.
name: Linares, C.
name: López-Sanz, A.
name: Amate, R.
name: Ledoux, J. B.
name: Bensoussan, N.
name: Drap, P.
name: Bianchimani, O.
name: Marschal, C.
name: Torrents, O.
name: Zuberer, F.
name: Cebrian, E.
name: Teixidó, N.
name: Zabala, M.
name: Kipson, S.
name: Kersting, D. K.
name: Montero-Serra, I.
name: Pagès-Escolà, M.
name: Medrano, A.
name: Frleta-Valić, M.
name: Dimarchopoulou, D.
name: López-Sendino, P.
name: Garrabou, J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file contains all Supplementary Tables and Figures relative to the manuscript
Anomalous specific heat jump in a two-component ultracold Fermi gas
Creators: name: Sedrakian, Armen
name: Müther, Herbert
name: Polls, Artur
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The thermodynamic functions of a Fermi gas with spin population imbalance are studied in the temperature-asymmetry plane in the BCS limit. The low temperature domain is characterized by anomalous enhancement of the entropy and the specific heat above their values in the unpaired state, decrease of the gap and eventual unpairing phase transition as the temperature is lowered. The unpairing phase transition induces a second jump in the specific heat, which can be measured in calorimetric experiments. While the superfluid is unstable against a supercurrent carrying state, it may sustain a metastable state if cooled adiabatically down from the stable high-temperature domain. In the latter domain the temperature dependence of the gap and related functions is analogous to the predictions of the BCS theory.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures. v2 includes a discussion of instabilities; v3: final version to appear in PRL
A tidal lung simulation to quantify lung heterogeneity with the Inspired Sinewave Test
Creators: name: Tran, Minh C.
name: Crockett, Douglas C.
name: Phan, Phi A.
name: Payne, Stephen J.
name: Farmery, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have created a lung simulation to quantify lung heterogeneity from the results of the inspired sinewave test (IST). The IST is a lung function test that is non-invasive, non-ionising and does not require patients' cooperation. A tidal lung simulation is developed to assess this test and also a method is proposed to calculate lung heterogeneity from IST results. A sensitivity analysis based on the Morris method and linear regression were applied to verify and to validate the simulation. Additionally, simulated emphysema and pulmonary embolism conditions were created using the simulation to assess the ability of the IST to identify these conditions. Experimental data from five pigs (pre-injured vs injured) were used for validation. This paper contributes to the development of the IST. Firstly, our sensitivity analysis reveals that the IST is highly accurate with an underestimation of about 5% of the simulated values. Sensitivity analysis suggested that both instability in tidal volume and extreme expiratory flow coefficients during the test cause random errors in the IST results. Secondly, the ratios of IST results obtained at two tracer gas oscillation frequencies can identify lung heterogeneity (ELV60/ELV180 and Qp60/Qp180). There was dissimilarity between simulated emphysema and pulmonary embolism (p < 0:0001). In the animal model, the control group had ELV60/ELV180 = 0.58 compared with 0.39 in injured animals (p < 0.0001).
Adiabatic Quantum Computation in Open Systems
Creators: name: Sarandy, M. S.
name: Lidar, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the performance of adiabatic quantum computation (AQC) under the effect of decoherence. To this end, we introduce an inherently open-systems approach, based on a recent generalization of the adiabatic approximation. In contrast to closed systems, we show that a system may initially be in an adiabatic regime, but then undergo a transition to a regime where adiabaticity breaks down. As a consequence, the success of AQC depends sensitively on the competition between various pertinent rates, giving rise to optimality criteria.
description: v2: 4 pages, 1 figure. Published version
Investigation of stimulated dynamics of vortex-matter in high-temperature superconductors
Creators: name: Chigvinadze, J. G.
name: Acrivos, J. V.
name: Ashimov, S. M.
name: Iashvili, A. A.
name: Machaidze, T. V.
name: Mamniashvili, G. I.
name: Wolf, Th.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple mechanical method for the investigation of Abrikosov vortex lattice stimulated dynamics in superconductors has been used. By this method we studied the action of pulsed magnetic fields on the vortex lattice and established the resulting change of the course of relaxation processes in the vortex matter in high-temperature superconductors. This method can be used for investigation of phase transitions in vortex matter both high-temperature and exotic superconductors.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures
Determination of gamma from charmless B^+/- -> M^0 M^+/- decays using U-spin
Creators: name: Soni, Amarjit
name: Suprun, Denis A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: U-spin multiplet approach is applied to the full set of charmless hadronic B+/- --> M0 M+/- decays for the purpose of precise extraction of the unitarity angle gamma. Each of the four data sets, P0 P+/-, P0 V+/-, V0 P+/- and V0 V+/-, with P = pseudoscalar and V = vector, can be used to yield a precise value of gamma. The crucial advantage of this method over the common SU(3) symmetry based quark-diagrammatic approach is that no assumptions regarding relative sizes of topological decay amplitudes need to be made. As a result, this method avoids an uncontrollable theoretical uncertainty that is related to the neglect of some topological diagrams (e.g., exchange and annihilation graphs) in the SU(3) approach. Application of the U-spin approach to the current data yields: gamma=54^{+12}_{-11} degrees. We find that improved measurements of phi pi+/- and K*0bar K+/- branching ratios would lead to appreciably better extraction of gamma. In this method, which is completely data driven, in a few years we should be able to obtain a model independent determination of gamma with an accuracy of O(few degrees).
description: 5 pages; minor changes, further clarification on key differences with the SU(3) approach; added references
Certifying the adiabatic preparation of ultracold lattice bosons in the vicinity of the Mott transition
Creators: name: Carcy, Cécile
name: Hercé, Gaétan
name: Tenart, Antoine
name: Roscilde, Tommaso
name: Clément, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a joint experimental and theoretical analysis to assess the adiabatic experimental preparation of ultracold bosons in optical lattices aimed at simulating the three-dimensional Bose-Hubbard model. Thermometry of lattice gases is realized from the superfluid to the Mott regime by combining the measurement of three-dimensional momentum-space densities with ab-initio quantum Monte Carlo (QMC) calculations of the same quantity. The measured temperatures across the superfluid-to-Mott transition are in agreement with isentropic lines reconstructed via QMC for the experimental parameters of interest, with a conserved entropy per particle of $S/N=0.8(1) k_{B}$. In addition, the Fisher information associated with this thermometry method shows that the latter is most accurate in the critical regime close to the Mott transition, as confirmed in the experiment. These results prove that equilibrium states of the Bose-Hubbard model - including those in the quantum-critical regime above the Mott transition - can be adiabatically prepared in cold-atom apparatus.
description: 5 pages + Supp. Mat
Centrality dependence of dilepton production via $γγ$ processes from Wigner distributions of photons in nuclei
Creators: name: Kłusek-Gawenda, Mariola
name: Schäfer, Wolfgang
name: Szczurek, Antoni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a new complete method, based on the Wigner distributions of photons, how to calculate differential distributions of dileptons created via photon-photon fusion in semicentral ($b<2R_A$) $AA$ collisions. The formalism is used to calculate different distributions of invariant mass, dilepton transverse momentum and acoplanarity for different regions of centrality. The results of calculation are compared with recent STAR, ALICE and ATLAS experimental data. Very good agreement with the data is achieved without free parameters and without including additional mechanisms such as a possible rescattering of leptons in the quark-gluon plasma.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures
A research institute for sustainable environmental and economic development in Ucluelet, British Columbia
Creators: name: Palchinski, Wayne Earl
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Due to recent closures and down sizing within the logging and fishing industry on the periphery of the Clayoquot Sound region of Vancouver Island, economic sustainability for the permanent inhabitants who depend on this activity has become sporadic and inadequate. A thriving tourist industry contributes a limited income to the area due to seasonality and offshore ownership. This project proposes a research facility that would develop diversified industries that would preserve existing ecosystems while supporting the economic rights of the inhabitants. The project would supply immediate and direct benefit to the town of Ucluelet and surrounding area through complete integration of the facilities and program into an existing economic environment. Involvement in construction and supply of materials, income from billeting students and parking, involvement in research strategy, and employment benefits from the research being done, are essential targets. The institute should operate as a satellite graduate program facility in conjunction with existing research colleges and, be the headquarters for other "satellite campsites" incrementally set up and established in the surrounding area; sites chosen for their uniqueness in ecological existence and economic viability. The outdoor nature of the academic program sets the precedence for a lifestyle that is comfortable being exposed to outdoor elements. Courtyards and work areas are created by strategic setbacks, by fragmenting and staggering the facility and by exaggerating roof overhangs and gutters necessary to channel extreme winter rains. The external circulation of the back spine of the main building suffuses throughout the site developing a central circulation core; the pivoting point for access to the administration, the research shed, the "campsite" dormitory, and for the knuckle of the institute, the central courtyard. The courtyard which evolves has public access from the walkway that starts at the public sidewalk of Peninsula Street, cuts diagonally past the main entrance at the south-western corner of the archival gallery, and continues past terraced research gardens to the seminar room. An external stairwell facilitates the final descent to Lyche Street, a public restaurant, and the proposed community hall near the government docks of Ucluelet Harbour; a linkage designed to activate and encourage pedestrian traffic at Lyche Street. The public/private overlapping of the project insures that the integration attitude is in place while presenting unique design opportunities. The building typology exploits local post and beam construction knowledge and uses common materials from local sawmills to provide a rough, unfinished cladding left subjected to weathering. The roof surface is punctuated with translucent skylights to facilitate a condition of light and life under the eaves.