cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Effects of covert practice of modeling and of assertiveness on group flooding in vivo in the treatment of agoraphobia
Creators: name: Leader, Leslie G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This study investigated whether the addition of covert modeling with an assertive model (CM) and of covert assertiveness (CA) would augment the effects of prolonged group exposure in vivo in the treatment of agoraphobia. Thirty-two agoraphobic subjects were divided into three groups. One group (FL/A) received exposure augmented with CM and CA; the second group (FL) received similar exposure with placebo imagery; and the third group served as waiting-list controls. Therapy was brief, time-limited, and intensive. Each group of about five members met for three sessions evenly spaced over five days with each five-hour session including about 2-1/2 hours of in vivo exposure. Both treatment groups were encouraged to use self-paced, home-based exposure practice. Subjective self-report measures, a behavioural diary, and assessment of social performance by a significant other were used to evaluate outcome. A one month follow-up was done. Both treated groups made significant gains compared to controls at posttreatment and at follow-up. Subjective measures of anxiety and avoidance showed stronger effects than behavioural results. Marginal differences were found between treated groups with the FL/A group improving on the FL group with more total time spent away from home (and in particular when unaccompanied), and with decreased anxiety during exposure sessions. Group exposure in vivo is recommended as an efficient and effective therapy for agoraphobia.
Cosmological tests of generalized RS brane-worlds with Weyl fluid
Creators: name: Gergely, László Á.
name: Keresztes, Zoltán
name: Szabó, Gyula M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A class of generalized Randall-Sundrum type II (RS) brane-world models with Weyl fluid are confronted with the Gold supernovae data set and BBN constraints. We consider three models with different evolutionary history of the Weyl fluid, characterized by the parameter $α$. For $α=0$ the Weyl curvature of the bulk appears as dark radiation on the brane, while for $α=2$ and 3 the brane radiates, leaving a Weyl fluid on the brane with energy density decreasing slower than that of (dark) matter. In each case the contribution $Ω_d$ of the Weyl fluid represents but a few percent of the energy content of the Universe. All models fit reasonably well the Gold2006 data. The best fit model for $α=0$ is for $Ω_d=0.04$. In order to obey BBN constraints in this model however, the brane had to radiate at earlier times.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to appear in the PASCOS-07 (13th International Symposium on Particles, Strings and Cosmology) Proceedings volume
Smoothing-inspired lack-of-fit tests based on ranks
Creators: name: Hart, Jeffrey D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 62G08, 62G10, 62G20 (Primary) 62E15, 62E20, 62P10 (Secondary)

description: A rank-based test of the null hypothesis that a regressor has no effect on a response variable is proposed and analyzed. This test is identical in structure to the order selection test but with the raw data replaced by ranks. The test is nonparametric in that it is consistent against virtually any smooth alternative, and is completely distribution free for all sample sizes. The asymptotic distribution of the rank-based order selection statistic is obtained and seen to be the same as that of its raw data counterpart. Exact small sample critical values of the test statistic are provided as well. It is shown that the Pitman-Noether efficiency of the proposed rank test compares very favorably with that of the order selection test. In fact, their asymptotic relative efficiency is identical to that of the Wilcoxon signed rank and $t$-tests. An example involving microarray data illustrates the usefulness of the rank test in practice.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/193940307000000103 the IMS Collections (http://www.imstat.org/publications/imscollections.htm) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Ancient introgression in mouse lemurs (Microcebus:Cheirogaleidae) explains 20 years of phylogenetic uncertainty
Creators: name: Fauskee, Blake
name: Crowl, Andrew
name: Piatkowski, Bryan
name: Yoder, Anne
name: Tiley, George
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: phylogenetic networks
gene tree discordance
Introgression
Phylogenomics
mouse lemurs
Madagascar

description: Mouse lemurs (genus Microcebus) are a clade of approximately 26 named species of small, nocturnal primates endemic to Madagascar. The genus radiated one and ten million years ago and is morphologically cryptic, with most species having been named within the past 20 years largely based on phylogenetic analysis of short fragments of mitochondrial data. More recent work has been focused on revisiting species designations with autosomal nuclear data using more sophisticated statistical approaches. The order of speciation events in Microcebus remains contentious, particularly with regard to the placement of the M. ravelobensis clade. We investigated support for previous phylogenetic hypotheses based on available whole-genome assemblies from six species and an outgroup. We recovered over 4,000 one-to-one orthologs from these assemblies and used concatenation and coalescent species tree methods to evaluate if differences between previous studies were due to methodological differences or to limitations from too few loci. Observed gene tree discordance was high with patterns inconsistent with incomplete lineage sorting alone. Therefore, we estimated phylogenetic networks to investigate ancient introgression events that may explain observed gene tree distributions and previous phylogenetic conflicts. A network model, invoking some role for introgressive hybridization in the early evolution of Microcebus, better characterizes phylogenetic relationships than does any binary species tree. Our results provide insights into the biogeographic history of a threatened and diverse group of primates while also highlighting an important role for phylogenetic network methods in resolving cases of phylogenetic uncertainty.
description: Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number:
Funding provided by: United States Department of EnergyCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/01bj3aw27Award Number: DE-AC05–00OR22725
Funding provided by: National Science FoundationCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/021nxhr62Award Number: DEB-1354610
Funding provided by: European CommissionCrossref Funder Registry ID: https://ror.org/00k4n6c32Award Number: 101026923
PREDICTING YOUNG WOMEN'S CAREER PLANS: DO FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS FOR CHILDREN PREDICT OUTCOMES OVER AND ABOVE INSTRUMENTALITY?
Creators: name: Savela, Alexandra
Publisher: name: Digital Repository at the University of Maryland
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Counseling psychology
subject: career
subject: counseling
subject: development
subject: gender roles
subject: motherhood
subject: women

description: The present study assessed factors related to career development in a sample of undergraduate women. The roles of instrumentality, anticipated work-family conflict, and willingness to compromise career for children in the prediction of career choice traditionality, career aspirations, and occupational engagement were examined. Additionally, the moderating role of willingness to compromise career for children on the relationship between instrumentality and each career outcome was tested. Results indicated that instrumentality predicted leadership aspirations, recognition aspirations, and occupational engagement. Anticipated work-family conflict predicted career choice traditionality, leadership aspirations, and occupational engagement over and above instrumentality. Willingness to compromise career for children added to the prediction of occupational engagement after controlling for instrumentality and anticipated work-family conflict. No moderation findings were detected. Findings are discussed in terms of future research directions and in the context of career counseling with undergraduate women.
Possible re-entrant superconductivity in EuFe2As2 under pressure
Creators: name: Miclea, C. F.
name: Nicklas, M.
name: Jeevan, H. S.
name: Kasinathan, D.
name: Hossain, Z.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Gegenwart, P.
name: Geibel, C.
name: Steglich, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the temperature-pressure phase diagram of EuFe2As2 by measurements of the electrical resistivity. The antiferromagnetic spin-density-wave transition at T_0 associated with the FeAs-layers is continuously suppressed with increasing pressure, while the antiferromagnetic ordering temperature of the Eu 2+ moments seems to be nearly pressure independent up to 2.6 GPa. Above 2 GPa a sharp drop of the resistivity, ρ(T), indicates the onset of superconductivity at T_c \approx 29.5 K. Surprisingly, on further reducing the temperature ρ(T) is increasing again and exhibiting a maximum caused by the ordering of the Eu 2+ moments, a behavior which is reminiscent of re-entrant superconductivity as it is observed in the ternary Chevrel phases or in the rare-earth nickel borocarbides.
The diffusion of novelty in American higher education : the antiwar student movement
Creators: name: Le Brun, Thierry Georges
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: The study is concerned with the recurrent diffusion of novelty in American higher education. By novelty is meant any body of thought, organizational form, and spontaneous phenomenon of collective behaviour which is perceived as new by members of academic institutions. The general thesis of the work is that the dissemination of novelty typically occurs along lines of decreasing academic prestige. This view is derived from a host of porpositions about the relationship of institutional prestige with academic talent, the creation and communication of novelty, the academic marketplace, permissiveness, imitation, and embarrassment. This thesis is verified for the interinstitutional diffusion of the antiwar student movement of the nineteen sixties and early seventies. The central' hypothesis of this case study is that the more prestigious an academic institution was at the time of the birth of the movement, the sooner some of its students initially protested against American involvement in the Vietnam war. Institutional prestige, the independent variable, is operationalized in terms of "objective" indices. The dependent variable is the degree to which students in an institution were relatively earlier in initially protesting than students in other institutions. The antiwar student protests used to test the hypothesis were collected from The New York Times Index. For each institution that was reported, only the first or earliest campus protest was considered. It is assumed that the criteria governing the newspaper's selection of protests were the same for the entire duration of the movement. Two counter-hypotheses are also examined. It is proposed that the larger an institution was at the time of the birth of the movement, the less time it took for some of its students to initially protest against the American involvement in the Vietnam war. It is also hypothesized that the older the institution, the longer it took before some of its students first protested against this military participation abroad. The results provide, at best, moderate support to the main hypothesis of the case study while flatly rejecting its counter-hypotheses.
Two physical characteristics of numerical apparent horizons
Creators: name: Booth, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article translates some recent results on quasilocal horizons into the language of $(3+1)$ general relativity so as to make them more useful to numerical relativists. In particular quantities are described which characterize how quickly an apparent horizon is evolving and how close it is to either equilibrium or extremality.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, conference proceedings loosely based on talk given at Theory Canada III (Edmonton, Alberta, 2007). V2: Minor changes in response to referees comments to improve clarity and fix typos. One reference added
Efficient computation of resonance varieties via Grassmannians
Creators: name: Lima-Filho, P.
name: Schenck, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52C35 (Primary) 13D07, 20F14 (Secondary)

description: Associated to the cohomology ring A of the complement X(A) of a hyperplane arrangement A in complex m-space are the resonance varieties R^k(A). The most studied of these is R^1(A), which is the union of the tangent cones at the origin to the characteristic varieties of the fundamental group of X. R^1(A) may be described in terms of Fitting ideals, or as the locus where a certain Ext module is supported. Both these descriptions give obvious algorithms for computation. In this note, we show that interpreting R^1(A) as the locus of decomposable two-tensors in the Orlik-Solomon ideal leads to a description of R^1(A) as the intersection of a Grassmannian with a linear space, determined by the quadratic generators of the Orlik-Solomon ideal. This method is much faster than previous alternatives.
description: 7 pages 2 figures, Macaulay2 code to implement v2: refs updated
Reducing eccentricity in black-hole binary evolutions with initial parameters from post-Newtonian inspiral
Creators: name: Husa, Sascha
name: Hannam, Mark
name: Gonzalez, Jose A.
name: Sperhake, Ulrich
name: Bruegmann, Bernd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Standard choices of quasi-circular orbit parameters for black-hole binary evolutions result in eccentric inspiral. We introduce a conceptually simple method, which is to integrate the post-Newtonian equations of motion through hundreds of orbits, and read off the values of the momenta at the separation at which we wish to start a fully general relativistic numerical evolution. For the particular case of non-spinning equal-mass inspiral with an initial coordinate separation of $D = 11M$ we show that this approach reduces the eccentricity by at least a factor of five to $e < 0.002$ as compared to using standard quasi-circular initial parameters.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table
New Curved Spacetime Dirac Equations - On the Anomalous Gyromagnetic Ratio
Creators: name: Nyambuya, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I propose three new curved spacetime versions of the Dirac Equation. These equations have been developed mainly to try and account in a natural way for the observed anomalous gyromagnetic ratio of Fermions. The derived equations suggest that particles including the Electron which is thought to be a point particle do have a finite spatial size which is the reason for the observed anomalous gyromagnetic ratio. A serendipitous result of the theory, is that, two of the equation exhibits an asymmetry in their positive and negative energy solutions the first suggestion of which is clear that a solution to the problem as to why the Electron and Muon - despite their acute similarities - exhibit an asymmetry in their mass is possible. The Mourn is often thought as an Electron in a higher energy state. Another of the consequences of three equations emanating from the asymmetric serendipity of the energy solutions of two of these equations, is that, an explanation as to why Leptons exhibit a three stage mass hierarchy is possible.
description: 8 pages, errors corrected, final form of the paper and no further changes to be made. Accepted in the Foundations of Physics Journal
Finite-temperature quantum discordant criticality
Creators: name: Tarabunga, Poetri Sonya
name: Mendes-Santos, Tiago
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
name: Dalmonte, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum statistical mechanics, finite-temperature phase transitions are typically governed by classical field theories. In this context, the role of quantum correlations is unclear: recent contributions have shown how entanglement is typically very short-ranged, and thus uninformative about long-ranged critical correlations. In this work, we show the existence of finite-temperature phase transitions where a broader form of quantum correlation than entanglement, the entropic quantum discord, can display genuine signatures of critical behavior. We consider integrable bosonic field theories in both two- and three-dimensional lattices, and show how the two-mode Gaussian discord decays algebraically with the distance even in cases where the entanglement negativity vanishes beyond nearest-neighbor separations. Systematically approaching the zero-temperature limit allows us to connect discord to entanglement, drawing a generic picture of quantum correlations and critical behavior that naturally describes the transition between entangled and discordant quantum matter.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Modified Jeans Instability Criteria for Magnetized Systems
Creators: name: Lundin, J.
name: Marklund, M.
name: Brodin, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Jeans instability is analyzed for dense magnetohydrodynamic plasmas with intrinsic magnetization, the latter due to collective electron spin effects. Furthermore, effects of electron tunneling as well as the Fermi pressure are included. It is found that the intrinsic magnetization of the plasma will enhance the Jeans instability, and can significantly modify the structure of the instability spectra. Implications and limitations of our results are discussed, as well as possible generalizations.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, submitted to Physics of Plasmas
title: Die geistigen Mütter der Armen
title: die Rolle bürgerlicher Weiblichkeit bei der Verberuflichung der Sozialen Arbeit
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Zund, Lena
Publisher: name: Hochschule für Angewandte Wissenschaften Landshut
Year: 2022

description: Die Arbeit widmet sich der Rolle der bürgerlichen Frauenbewegung und der Idee der geistigen Mütterlichkeit bei der Verberuflichung der Sozialen Arbeit im Deutschen Kaiserreich zwischen 1890 und 1919. Ausgehend von einem intersektionalen Ansatz werden die gesellschaftlichen Strukturkategorien Geschlecht und Klasse als wichtige Faktoren im Verberuflichungsprozess ausgemacht. Es wird diskutiert, welche Rolle Konflikte um Geschlechter- und Klassenverhältnisse, bürgerliche Weiblichkeit und nationale Identität im Verberuflichungsprozess spielten, wie die bürgerliche Frauenbewegung diese Konflikte bearbeitete, ob sie damit emanzipative Konfliktlösungen beförderte bzw. behinderte und was dies für den Beruf der Sozialen Arbeit in Deutschland heute bedeutet. Dafür wird der historische Kontext beleuchtet und anschließend das Verhältnis des sozialen Frauenberufs zu Geschlecht anhand der Idee der geistigen Mütterlichkeit näher betrachtet und auf seine emanzipative Wirkung hin untersucht. Ebenso werden die Klassenverhältnisse im sozialen Frauen- beruf und das Verhältnis der Sozialarbeiterinnen zu den proletarischen Adressierten mit seinen Wurzeln im bürgerlich-liberalen Denken dargestellt und auf ihre Auswirkungen hin untersucht. Zuletzt wird aufgezeigt, wie der Bezugsrahmen der deutschen Nation das Projekt des sozialen Frauenberufs prägte. Die Bearbeitung der Konflikte um Geschlecht, Klasse und nationale Identität durch den sozialen Frauenberuf eröffnete bestimmten bürgerlichen Frauen Handlungsspielräume, affirmierte jedoch gleichzeitig bestehende Geschlechter- und Klassenverhältnisse sowie nationalistische Vorstellungen. Sie stand der weiblichen sowie der proletarischen Emanzipation daher eher hinderlich als förderlich gegenüber. Für die heutige Soziale Arbeit bedeutet dies, dass eine Aufwertung oder Stärkung des Berufs nicht uneingeschränkt gefordert werden kann, sondern auf versteckte Zuschreibungen von Geschlechterrollen und auf seine Auswirkungen auf die Adressierten untersucht werden muss.
Frequency analysis of Delta Scuti stars towards the Galactic bulge
Creators: name: Netzel, H.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Soszyński, I.
name: Wrona, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have performed a frequency analysis of 10,092 Delta Scuti-type stars detected in the fourth phase of the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) towards the Galactic bulge, which is the most numerous homogeneous sample of Delta Scuti stars observed so far. The main goal was to search for stars pulsating in at least two radial modes simultaneously. We have found 3083 candidates for such stars, which is the largest set obtained to date. Among them, 2655 stars pulsate in two radial modes, 414 stars pulsate in three radial modes, and 14 stars pulsate in four radial modes at the same time. We report the identification of 221 Delta Scuti stars pulsating in the fundamental mode, first overtone, and third overtone simultaneously. We show the most populated Petersen and Bailey diagrams and discuss statistical properties of the identified frequencies based on this numerous sample. Additionally, we present theoretical predictions of period ratios for Delta Scuti stars pulsating in overtones from the fourth to the seventh.
description: 15 pages, 11 figures, 5 tables, submitted to MNRAS
A MUSE Spectro-imaging Study of the Th 28 Jet: Precession in the Inner Jet
Creators: name: Murphy, A.
name: Dougados, C.
name: Whelan, E. T.
name: Bacciotti, F.
name: Coffey, D.
name: Comerón, F.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Ray, T. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: Th 28 is a Classical T Tauri star in the Lupus 3 cloud which drives an extended bipolar jet. Previous studies of the inner jet identified signatures of rotation around the outflow axis, a key result for theories of jet launching. Thus this is an important source in which to investigate the poorly understood jet launching mechanism. We investigate the morphology and kinematics of the Th 28 micro-jets with the aim of characterizing their structure and outflow activity, using optical integral-field spectroscopy observations obtained with VLT/MUSE. We use spectro-imaging and position-velocity maps to investigate the kinematic and morphological features of the jet, and obtain a catalogue of emission lines in which the jet is visible. A Lucy-Richardson deconvolution procedure is used to differentiate the structure of the inner micro-jet region. Spatial profiles extracted perpendicular to the jet axis are fitted to investigate the jet width, opening angle and the evolution of the jet axis. We confirm the previously identified knot HHW$_{2}$ within the red-shifted jet and identify three additional knots in each lobe for the first time. We also find [O III]$λ$5007 emission from the blue-shifted micro-jet including the knot closest to the star. Proper motions for the innermost knots on each side are estimated and we show that new knots are ejected on an approximate timescale of 10-15 years. The jet axis centroids show a point-symmetric wiggle within the inner portion of both micro-jets indicating precession. We use the jet shape to measure a precession period of 8 years, with a half-opening angle < 0.6$^{\circ}$. This may provide an alternative explanation for the rotation signatures previously reported. We find the jet shape to be compatible with precession due to a brown dwarf companion orbiting at a separation $\leq$ 0.3 au.
description: Accepted by Astronomy & Astrophysics; 21 pages, 23 figures
On the reliability of linear band structure methods
Creators: name: Kontrym-Sznajd, G.
name: Samsel-Czekala, M.
name: Grechnev, G. E.
name: Sormann, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss an efficiency of various band structure algorithms in determining the Fermi surface (FS) of the paramagnetic ErGa3. The linear muffin-tin orbital (LMTO) in the atomic sphere approximation (ASA) method and three full potential (FP) codes: FP-LMTO, FP linear augmented plane wave (FLAPW), and FP local orbitals (FPLO) methods are employed. Results are compared with electron-positron (e-p) momentum densities reconstructed from two dimensional angular correlation of annihilation radiation (2D ACAR). Unexpectedly, none of used modern FP codes is able to give satisfying description of the experimental data that are in perfect agreement with LMTO-ASA results. We suspect that it can be connected with a different choice of the linearization energy.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures
Nysius cymoides (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), a potential emerging pest: overview of the information available to implement integrated pest management
Creators: name: Scaccini, Davide
name: Furlan, Lorenzo
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The present article reviews the literature on the biology, pest status and management of Nysius cymoides (Spinola) (Hemiptera: Lygaeidae), an agricultural pest that causes damage to multiple crop species in the Middle East and in Europe, where it may become an emerging pest. The polyphagy of the species and its capability to give rise to outbreaks, mainly during warm and dry periods, make the insect a major pest in a number of countries, as are other species of the same genus. Following our overview of the known aspects, Integrated Pest Management options are discussed in practical terms, with biological features and pest management of other Nysius species also being considered. In order to prevent pest infestations, an integrated framework approach also needs to consider agronomic practices such as weed cover and soil management. Future research would benefit from an assessment of proper methodologies for monitoring N. cymoides and the establishment of economic thresholds for susceptible crops and life stages based on practical parameters.
Effects of mutations and immunogenicity on outcomes of anti-cancer therapies for secondary lesions
Creators: name: Piretto, Elena
name: Delitala, Marcello
name: Kim, Peter S.
name: Frascoli, Federico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 92-10

description: Cancer development is driven by mutations and selective forces, including the action of the immune system and interspecific competition. When administered to patients, anti-cancer therapies affect the development and dynamics of tumours, possibly with various degrees of resistance due to immunoediting and microenvironment. Tumours are able to express a variety of competing phenotypes with different attributes and thus respond differently to various anti-cancer therapies. In this paper, a mathematical framework incorporating a system of delay differential equations for the immune system activation cycle and an agent-based approach for tumour-immune interaction is presented. The focus is on those metastatic, secondary solid lesions that are still undetected and non-vascularised. By using available experimental data, we analyse the effects of combination therapies on these lesions and investigate the role of mutations on the rates of success of common treatments. Findings show that mutations, growth properties and immunoediting influence therapies' outcomes in nonlinear and complex ways, affecting cancer lesion morphologies, phenotypical compositions and overall proliferation patterns. Cascade effects on final outcomes for secondary lesions are also investigated, showing that actions on primary lesions could sometimes result in unexpected clearances of secondary tumours. This outcome is strongly dependent on the clonal composition of the primary and secondary masses and is shown to allow, in some cases, the control of the disease for years.
description: 43 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables
Coulomb corrections in quasi-elastic scattering: tests of the effective-momentum approximation
Creators: name: Tjon, J. A.
name: Wallace, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Coulomb corrections for quasi-elastic scattering of electrons by nuclei are calculated using eikonal distorted waves. Corrections to the lowest-order eikonal approximation are included in order to obtain accurate results. Spin-dependent eikonal phase shifts are evaluated and they yield very small corrections to the longitudinal and transverse cross sections at electron energies of 500 MeV or higher. Because of this the Rosenbluth procedure is accurate for separation of the longitudinal and transverse response functions. The effective-momentum approximation is also found to be accurate with regard to removal of the remaining Coulomb effects from the distorted waves. Calculations are presented for electron scattering from Pb and Fe nuclei at energies of 500 MeV and 800 MeV and momentum transfers q = 550 MeV/c and 900 MeV/c.
description: 31 pages, 15 figures
Nonclassical Rotational Inertia in Single Crystal Helium
Creators: name: Clark, A. C.
name: West, J. T.
name: Chan, M. H. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that the observed nonclassical rotational inertia (NCRI) in solid helium results from the superflow of thin liquid films along interconnected grain boundaries within the sample. We have carried out new torsional oscillator measurements on large helium crystals grown under constant temperature and pressure. We observe NCRI in all samples, indicating that the phenomenon cannot be explained by a superfluid film flowing along grain boundaries.
description: 4 figures
Floquet defect solitons
Creators: name: Ivanov, Sergey K.
name: Kartashov, Yaroslav V.
name: Konotop, Vladimir V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider an array of straight nonlinear waveguides constituting a two-dimensional square lattice, with a few central layers tilted with respect to the rest of the structure. It is shown that such configuration represents a line defect, in the lattice plane, which is periodically modulated along the propagation direction. In the linear limit, such a system sustains line defect modes, whose number coincides with the number of tilted layers. In the presence of nonlinearity the branches of defect solitons propagating along the defect line bifurcate from each of the linear defect modes. Depending on the effective dispersion induced by the Floquet spectrum of the underline system the bifurcating solitons can be either bright or dark. Dynamics and stability of such solitons are studied numerically.
Half-metallic graphene nanodots
Creators: name: Hod, Oded
name: Barone, Veronica
name: Scuseria, Gustavo E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A comprehensive first-principles theoretical study of the electronic properties and half-metallic nature of finite rectangular graphene nanoribbons is presented. We identify the bisanthrene isomer of the C28H14 molecule to be the smallest polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon to present a spin polarized ground state. Even at this quantum dot level, the spins are predicted to be aligned antiferromagnetically at the two zigzag edges of the molecule. As a rule of thumb, we find that zigzag edges that are at least three consecutive units long, will present spin polarization if the width of the system is 1 nm or wider. Room temperature detectability of the magnetic ordering is predicted for molecules with zigzag edges 1 nm and longer. For the longer systems studied, spin wave structures appear in some high spin multiplicity states. Energy gap oscillations with the length of the zigzag edge are observed. The amplitude of these oscillations is found to be smaller than that predicted for infinite ribbons. The half-metallic nature of the ribbons under an external in-plane electric field is found to be preserved even for finite and extremely short systems.
description: 6 pages, 6 figures
ระบบให้น้ำแบบอัตโนมัติใช้เซลล์แสงอาทิตย์ที่ติดตามดวงอาทิตย์เป็นแหล่งพลังงาน
Creators: name: ปรีชา  มหาไม้
name: นำพร  ปัญโญใหญ่
name: ภาสวรรธน์ วัชรดำรงศักดิ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยเทคโนโลยีราชมงคลล้านนา
Year: 2014
Subjects: ระบบให้น้ำแบบอัตโนมัติ, การติดตามดวงอาทิตย์, เซลล์แสงอาทิตย์

description: 2, 8, วารสารวิชาการและวิจัย มทร.พระนคร
Suppression of spin-torque in current perpendicular to the plane spin-valves by addition of Dy cap layers
Creators: name: Maat, S.
name: Smith, N.
name: Carey, M. J.
name: Childress, J. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate that the addition of Dy capping layers in current perpendicular to the plane giant magneto-resistive spin-valves can increase the critical current density beyond which spin-torque induced instabilities are observed by about a factor of three. Current densities as high as 5e7 A/cm2 are measured provided that the electron current flows from the free to the reference layer. While Dy capped samples exhibit nonmagnetic 1/f noise, it is sufficiently small to be unimportant for read head operation at practical data rates.
description: 13 pages (manuscript form), with 5 figures. Submitted for publication
Islam, Inequality and Pre-Industrial
Comparative Development
Creators: name: Michalopoulos, Stelios
name: Naghavi, Alireza
name: Prarolo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2014
Subjects: SECS-P/01 Economia politica

description: This study explores the interaction between trade and geography in shaping the Islamic economic doctrine and in turn the comparative development of the Muslim world. We build a model where an unequal distribution of land quality in presence of trade opportunities conferred differential gains from trade across regions, fostering predatory behavior from the poorly endowed ones. We show that in such an environment it was mutually beneficial to institute an economic system of income redistribution featuring direct income transfers in return for safe passage to conduct trade. A commitment problem, however, rendered a merely static redistribution system unsustainable. Islam added a set of dynamic redistributive rules that were self-enforcing under large gains from trade and high proportions of arid land. While such principles fostered the expansion of trade within the Muslim world they limited the accumulation of wealth by the commercial elite, shaping the economic trajectory of Islamic lands in the preindustrial era.
Additional file 1 of Significantly reduced incidence and improved survival from prostate cancer over 25 years
Creators: name: Serdà-Ferrer, Bernat Carles
name: Sanvisens, Arantza
name: Fuentes-Raspall, Rafael
name: Puigdemont, Montse
name: Farré, Xavier
name: Vidal-Vila, Anna
name: Rispau-Pagès, Martí
name: Baltasar-Bagué, Alicia
name: Marcos-Gragera, Rafael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Age of diagnosis, crude and age-standardized incidence rates for PCa in Girona, 1994-2018. Table S2. Age of death, crude and age-standardized mortality rates for PCa in Girona, 1994-2018. Figure S1. Age-specific incidence and mortality rates for PCa in Girona, 1994-2018. Table S3. Five-year observed and net survival of PCa by age and period of diagnosis. Table S4. Ten-year observed and net survival of PCa according age and period of diagnosis. Figure S2. PSA requests in Girona, 2006-2018.
Thunbergioideae
Creators: name: Magnaghi, Emily B.
name: Daniel, Thomas F.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Acanthaceae

description: Key to Genera of Thunbergioideae
1a. Fruit fleshy and indehiscent (drupe); ovules 2; seeds 1 or 2.......................... 2
1b. Fruit woody and dehiscent (capsule); ovules 4; seeds up to 4......................... 3
2a. Mature ovary with 1 fertile locule (other locule rudimentary or aborted); drupe 1-seeded; pollen (4–) 5–6-colpate, colpi short (brevicolpate)............................... Mendoncia
2b. Mature ovary with 2 fertile locules; drupe 2-seeded; pollen (fide Raj 1961) 3(–4)-colpate, colpi elongate........................................................ Anomacanthus
3a. Stigma ± equally 2-lobed, each lobe again divided into 2 unequal lobes; pollen 7–9-lobate and colpate.............................................................. Meyenia
3b. Stigma funnelform to ± capitate or equally to unequally 2-lobed; pollen spiraperturate and unlobed................................................................... 4
4a. Anthers opening by longitudinal slits.................................... Thunbergia
4b. Anthers opening by apical slits or pores................................. Pseudocalyx
description: Published as part of Magnaghi, Emily B. & Daniel, Thomas F., 2017, Systematics of Mendoncia (Acanthaceae: Thunbergioideae) in the Paleotropics, pp. 37-94 in Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences 64 (3) on pages 39-40, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11066943
Drell-Yan double-spin asymmetry A_{LT} in polarized p\bar{p} collisions: Wandzura-Wilczek contribution
Creators: name: Koike, Yuji
name: Tanaka, Kazuhiro
name: Yoshida, Shinsuke
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The longitudinal-transverse spin asymmetry A_{LT} in the polarized Drell-Yan process depends on the twist-3 spin-dependent distributions of nucleon. In addition to the contributions expressed as matrix element of the twist-3 operators, these distributions contain the so-called Wandzura-Wilczek part, which is completely determined by a certain integral of the twist-2 spin-dependent parton distributions. We demonstrate that the recently obtained empirical information on the transversity distribution allows a realistic estimate of the Wandzura-Wilczek contribution to A_{LT} for the case of polarized proton-antiproton collisions. In particular, our results in the Wandzura-Wilczek approximation indicate that rather large A_{LT} can be observed in the proposed spin experiments at GSI, and its behavior as a function of dilepton mass obeys novel pattern, compared with the other double-spin asymmetries A_{TT} and A_{LL}. Our results provide a guide for testing a signal of effects originating from the twist-3 operators associated with quark-gluon correlation.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, minor modifications, typos corrected; version to appear in PLB
Dimension Six Corrections to the Vector Sector of AdS/QCD Model
Creators: name: Grigoryan, Hovhannes R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects of dimension six terms on the predictions of the holographic model for the vector meson form factors and determine the corrections to the electric radius, the magnetic and the quadrupole moments of the rho-meson. We show that the only dimension six terms which contribute nontrivially to the vector meson form factors are X^2F^2 and F^3. It appears that the effect from the former term is equivalent to the metric deformation and can change only masses, decay constants and charge radii of vector mesons, leaving the magnetic and the quadrupole moments intact. The latter term gives different contributions to the three form factors of the vector meson and changes the values of the magnetic and the quadrupole moments. The results suggest that the addition of the higher dimension terms improves the holographic model.
description: 6 pages, RevTex, revised version, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Blocks of cyclotomic Hecke algebras and Khovanov-Lauda algebras
Creators: name: Brundan, Jonathan
name: Kleshchev, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20C08

description: We construct an explicit isomorphism between blocks of cyclotomic Hecke algebras and (sign-modified) Khovanov-Lauda algebras in type A. These isomorphisms connect the categorification conjecture of Khovanov and Lauda to Ariki's categorification theorem. The Khovanov-Lauda algebras are naturally graded, which allows us to exhibit a non-trivial Z-grading on blocks of cyclotomic Hecke algebras, including symmetric groups in positive characteristic.
description: 32 pages; minor changes to section 6
Spinorial Snyder and Yang Models From Superalgebras And Noncommutative Quantum Superspaces
Creators: name: Lukierski, Jerzy
name: Woronowicz, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The relativistic Lorentz-covariant quantum space-times obtained by Snyder can be described by the coset generators of (anti) de-Sitter algebras. Similarly, the Lorentz-covariant quantum phase spaces introduced by Yang, which contain additionally quantum curved fourmomenta and quantum-deformed relativistic Heisenberg algebra, can be defined by suitably chosen coset generators of conformal algebras. We extend such algebraic construction to the respective superalgebras, which provide quantum Lorentz-covariant superspaces (SUSY Snyder model) and indicate also how to obtain the quantum relativistic phase superspaces (SUSY Yang model). In last Section we recall briefly other ways of deriving quantum phase (super)spaces and we compare the spinorial Snyder type models defining bosonic or fermionic quantum-deformed spinors.
description: 15 pages, LaTeX
Coherent network analysis for triggered gravitational wave burst searches
Creators: name: Hayama, Kazuhiro
name: Mohanty, Soumya D.
name: Rakhmanov, Malik
name: Desai, Shantanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Searches for gravitational wave bursts that are triggered by the observation of astronomical events require a different mode of analysis than all-sky, blind searches. For one, much more prior information is usually available in a triggered search which can and should be used in the analysis. Second, since the data volume is usually small in a triggered search, it is also possible to use computationally more expensive algorithms for tasks such as data pre-processing that can consume significant computing resources in a high data-volume un-triggered search. From the statistical point of view, the reduction in the parameter space search volume leads to higher sensitivity than an un-triggered search. We describe here a data analysis pipeline for triggered searches, called {\tt RIDGE}, and present preliminary results for simulated noise and signals.
description: to appear on Classical & Quantum Gravity
Using a Multicountry Learning Network to Harvest and Rapidly Spread Implementation Knowledge across Programs Aimed to Reduce Mother-to-Child Transmission of HIV and Improve Nutrition: Perspectives and Lessons Learned for Similar Large-Scale Initiatives
Creators: name: Webster, Patty D.
name: Stern, Amy F.
name: Deka, Sidhartha
name: Ismail, Anisa
name: Barker, Pierre M.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications
Year: 2019

description:
As countries pursue UNAIDS's 90-90-90 target for ending the AIDS epidemic, success is dependent on learning how to deliver effective care. We describe a learning network and mechanisms used to foster communication and sharing of ideas and results across 6 countries in the Partnership for HIV-Free Survival. The network used 2 forms of peer exchange, in-person and virtual, and a variety of knowledge management mechanisms to harvest and spread key learning. Key learning included valuable insights on how to design and convene a multicountry learning network, including top enablers of success and practical insights on the network's value. The network was instrumental in accelerating learning about improving care. Our experience shows the value of creating a quality improvement-driven, multicountry learning network to accelerate the pace of improving care systems. Government ownership and adaptation of collaborative learning efforts to the country context must be considered when designing future networks.
ENCORE: An Extended Contractor Renormalization algorithm
Creators: name: Albuquerque, A. Fabricio
name: Katzgraber, Helmut G.
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Contractor renormalization (CORE) is a real-space renormalization-group method to derive effective Hamiltionians for microscopic models. The original CORE method is based on a real-space decomposition of the lattice into small blocks and the effective degrees of freedom on the lattice are tensor products of those on the small blocks. We present an extension of the CORE method that overcomes this restriction. Our generalization allows the application of CORE to derive arbitrary effective models whose Hilbert space is not just a tensor product of local degrees of freedom. The method is especially well suited to search for microscopic models to emulate low-energy exotic models and can guide the design of quantum devices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures