cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: State Aid, the Criterion of State Resources and Renewable Energy Support Mechanisms: Fresh Wind from Luxembourg in EEG 2012
Creators: name: Vasbeck, Daniel
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: State aid
subject: Art. 107, para. 1, TFEU
subject: concept of State aid
subject: EEG 2012
subject: involvement of State resources
subject: renewable energy support mechanisms

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 629-640
description: European Forum Insight of 21 June 2019
description: I. Introduction. - II. Brief overview of the criterion of State resources. - III. The main characteristics of the EEG 2012. - IV. The reasoning of the Court of Justice. - IV.1. Assimilation of the EEG surcharge to a levy. - IV.2. Dominant Influence of the public authorities over the EEG surcharge. - IV.3. Action of the TSOs as administrators of aid. - V. Potential Implications of the Judgment. - V.1. Implications for the notion of State aid. - V.2. Implications for renewable energy support mechanisms.
description: EEG 2012 (judgment of 28 March 2019, case C-405/16 P, Germany v. Commission) deals with the assessment under EU State aid rules of a German renewable energy support mechanism in force from 2012 to 2014. The case hinged on the proper interpretation and application of the criterion of State resources. The Court of Justice set aside the judgment of the General Court on the basis that it had erroneously concluded that the measure involved State resources and thus constituted State aid, and annulled the decision of the Commission. The ruling is important as it contributes to clarifying the concept of State resources, while raising at the same time new issues regarding the proper analytical framework to determine when funds are deemed to remain constantly under public control. It reflects a rather formalistic interpretation of the notion of State resources and represents a warning to the Commission not to stretch the boundaries of this notion too far. The judgment also has significant implications for renewable energy support mechanisms, in particular those based on a system of guaranteed prices set above market rates. It will make it more difficult for the Commission to establish that such mechanisms constitute State aid and thus provide EU Member States with more flexibility in devising measures of this type without falling within the scope of EU State aid rules.
Physician vaccination practices in mild to moderate inborn errors of immunity and retrospective review of vaccine completeness in IEI: results from the Canadian Immunization Research Network
Creators: name: Suresh, Sneha
name: Zafack, Joseline
name: Pham-Huy, Anne
name: Derfalvi, Beata
name: Sadarangani, Manish
name: McConnell, Athena
name: Tapiéro, Bruce
name: Halperin, Scott A.
name: De Serres, Gaston
name: M Pernica, Jeffrey
name: Top, Karina A.
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Background and objectives Safety and effectiveness concerns may preclude physicians from recommending vaccination in mild/moderate inborn errors of immunity (IEI). This study describes attitudes and practices regarding vaccination among physicians who care for patients with mild/moderate B cell or mild/moderate combined immunodeficiencies (CID) and vaccination completeness among patients diagnosed with IEIs. Methods Canadian physicians caring for children with IEI were surveyed about attitudes and practices regarding vaccination in mild/moderate IEI. Following informed consent, immunization records of pediatric patients with IEI evaluated before 7 years of age were reviewed. Vaccine completeness was defined at age 2 years as 4 doses of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis (DTaP), 3 doses pneumococcal conjugate (PCV), and 1 dose measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccines. At 7 years 5 doses of DTP and 2 doses MMR were required. Results Forty-five physicians from 8 provinces completed the survey. Most recommended inactivated vaccines for B cell deficiency: (84% (38/45) and CID (73% (33/45). Fewer recommended live attenuated vaccines (B cell: 53% (24/45), CID 31% (14/45)). Of 96 patients with IEI recruited across 7 centers, vaccination completeness at age 2 was 25/43 (58%) for predominantly antibody, 3/13 (23%) for CID, 7/35 (20%) for CID with syndromic features, and 4/4 (100%) for innate/phagocyte defects. Completeness at age 7 was 15%, 17%, 5%, and 33%, respectively. Conclusion Most physicians surveyed recommended inactivated vaccines in children with mild to moderate IEI. Vaccine completeness for all IEI was low, particularly at age 7. Further studies should address the reasons for low vaccine uptake among children with IEI and whether those with mild-moderate IEI, where vaccination is recommended, eventually receive all indicated vaccines.
title: A BIOASSAY-GUIDED INVESTIGATION INTO THE CANCER CHEMOPREVENTIVE POTENTIAL OF SELECTED NON-DIETARY PLANTS AND SELECTED FLAVONOIDS
Creators: name: Zavoianu, A-G
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2020

description: A selection of twelve non-dietary plants were subjected to Soxhlet extraction with n-hexane and methanol and the crude extracts were screened for Nrf2 induction potential using a AREc32 cell-based luciferase gene reporter assay. Screening for free-radical scavenging activity using the DPPH assay was also performed. The highest increase in Nrf2 induction was achieved by the methanol extract of Centaurea dichroa Boiss.& Heldr. (CD-Me, 250 µg/ml), with a 22.7-fold to control induction, followed by the n-hexane extract of Solanum anguivi Lam. (SA-He, 100 µg/ml), with 20.2-fold to control induction.The Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway was also up-regulated by two other methanol extracts, of Centaurea pamphylica Boiss. & Heldr. (CP-Me, 100 µg/ml) and Gardenia ternifolia Schumach. & Thonn. (GT-Me, 750 µg/ml), with 11.22-fold and 8.94-fold to control luciferase induction, respectively. The bioassay guided investigation led to further fractionation of the bioactive methanol extracts so that the less polar methanolic fractions F3 and F4 of CP-Me and GT-Me increased Nrf2 activity more than their respective crude extracts; up to 12.6 - 13.4-fold for CP-Me fractions, and up to 11.6 – 12.6-fold for GT-Me fractions. Moreover, compounds isolated from the bioactive fractions indicated flavonoid type structures, identifying sakuranetin for the first time in Gardenia ternifolia Schumach.& Thonn. Stachyose, mannitol and betulinic acid were also identified as precipitates from solvent extraction. Because of limited amount of material, various types of flavonoids such as flavones, flavanones and flavonols were purchased with the purpose of screening them for Nrf2 activity in AREc32 cells. The flavonoids alone increased the luciferase activity to no more than 3.1-fold (hesperetin, 40 µM), with most reaching slightly above 2-fold induction, indicating a possible synergy in the way of action of the natural products since mixtures of compounds showed higher bioactivity in the same assay. Fractions F3 of CP-Me and GT-Me showed the highest free radical-scavenging potential in the DPPH assay, with IC50 values of 0.072 mg/ml and 0.132 mg/ml respectively (IC50 exerted by positive control quercetin was 0.005 mg/ml). Finally, all flavonoids tested offered protection against oxidative stress induced by ethacrynic acid (ETA) in MCF-7 cells (LD50=68.5 µM), with the flavone velutin (2.5 µM) and flavanone sakuranetin (20 µM) increasing the LD50 of ETA more than 200 times, while all flavonoid pretreatment conditions generally increased the LD50 of ETA more than 9 times.
Emphysematous cystitis as a potential marker of severe Crohn's disease
Creators: name: Hasan, S. M. M.
name: Salh, Baljinder
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Background Emphysematous cystitis (EC) is characterized by the presence of air within the bladder wall, often a complication of urinary tract infection (UTI) by gas-producing organisms. However, EC has also been reported in the setting of infectious colitis suggesting an alternate etiology. We report a rare case of EC in the setting of severe Crohn’s colitis with no clinical evidence of UTI. Case presentation A 43-year old female presented with a 2-month history of bloody diarrhea consisting of 8–12 bowel movements a day, weight loss of 10 kg and peripheral edema. She also had multiple ulcerated lesions on her abdominal wall and in the perianal region. Initial CT scan was significant for pancolitis, anasarca and EC. The follow-up CT cystogram, flexible cystoscopy and pelvic MRI confirmed the diagnosis of EC and ruled out any fistulous tracts in the pelvis including enterovesical/colovesical fistula. The patient did not report any urinary symptoms and the urinalysis was within normal limits. An extensive infectious workup was negative. Despite the paucity of infectious findings, the EC was empirically treated with an intravenous third-generation cephalosporin. Colonoscopy was significant for multiple ulcerated and hyperemic areas with pseudopolyps all throughout the right, transverse and left colon. Biopsies confirmed Crohn’s colitis with no evidence of granulomata or dysplasia. Immunohistochemistry was negative for CMV. The perianal and abdominal wall lesions were suspected to be pyoderma gangrenosum although biopsies were equivocal. The colitis was initially treated with intravenous steroids followed by biologic therapy with Infliximab. Despite appropriate escalation of therapies, the patient developed colonic perforation requiring subtotal colectomy. Conclusion This is a rare case of EC in a patient with severe Crohn’s colitis. There was no evidence of urinary tract infection or fistulising disease. According to our review, this is the first reported incident of EC in a patient with inflammatory bowel disease without any prior intra-abdominal surgeries. While active Crohn’s disease alone is a critical illness, we conclude that concomitant EC may be a poor prognostic factor.
title: Next Step: Electing the Commission's President
Creators: name: Margaritis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: European elections
subject: President of the Commission
subject: Art. 17, para. 7, TEU
subject: candidate
subject: European Parliament
subject: Council

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 659-661
description: European Forum Highlight of 21 June 2019
description: The election of the Commission President was amended with the Lisbon Treaty. This new procedure inserted a quite controversial parameter: the European elections results. The aim of this paper is to briefly argue in favour of a direct connection between the elections results and the proposal of the European Council to the European Parliament of a candidate for President of the Commission, in line with the lead candidate system, in order to secure the 2014 paradigm.
title: Do Employers Need to Record Working Time? The Court of Justice Gives Guidance in Confederación Sindical de Comisiones Obreras (CCOO) v. Deutsche Bank SAE
Creators: name: Zahn, Rebecca
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: working time
subject: rest breaks
subject: health and safety
subject: Charter
subject: record-keeping
subject: control

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 663-667
description: European Forum Highlight of 8 July 2019
description: In Confederación Sindical de Comisiones Obreras (CCOO) v. Deutsche Bank SAE (Court of Justice, judgment of 14 May 2019, case C-55/18, CCOO), the Court of Justice held that Member States must introduce a system which requires employers to keep a record of actual daily working time in order to ensure the effectiveness of the rights provided for in the Working Time Directive 2003/88 and Art. 31, para. 2, of the Charter of Fundamental Rights. On the face of it, the Court's judgment in this case gives a straightforward answer to a straightforward question. Yet, the case also leaves a number of questions unanswered in relation to effective enforcement, the economics of the decision, and the implications for employers' control over workers' working time.
Appendix to BEH 3764
Creators: name: Velasco, Adara C.
name: Ferrer, Esperanza S.
name: Sanz, Juan José
Publisher: name: Brill Online
Year: 2022
Subjects: Animal behaviour

description: Additional data to Intersexual differences in the exploratory behaviour of blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus)
Mapping the universe with Fast Radio Bursts
Creators: name: Gupta, Vivek
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: In this thesis, I conducted a survey with the upgraded Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Radio Telescope to search for intense millisecond duration bursts of radio emission (known as Fast Radio Bursts or FRBs). It included the development of a new automated telescope control and scheduling software, and rigorous vetting the performance of the existing search pipeline. The survey yielded 7 new FRBs, which I have used to explore the origin of the bursts, the nature of the underlying population of their progenitors, and estimated the properties of the ionised gas between galaxies through which the radiation has propagated.
title: 'Uber test' Revised? Remarks on Opinion of AG Szpunar in Case Airbnb Ireland
Creators: name: Menegus, Giacomo
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Airbnb
subject: collaborative economy
subject: platform economy
subject: information society service
subject: Uber test
subject: short-term rental regulations

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 603-614
description: European Forum Insight of 15 July 2019
description: I. Introduction. - II. Background and facts. - III. AG opinion's key points. - IV. Comments. - V. Implications for national legislation. - VI. Conclusions.
description: In his opinion delivered on 30 April 2019 in case C-390/18, Airbnb Ireland, the AG Szpunar stated that Airbnb provides an information society service. He also proposed a revision of the "Uber test" established in the previous case-law of the CJEU. In this Insight, the opinion is summarized and critically commented, highlighting both the debatable points of the AG's argumentation and the potential implications for national legislation.
Ballistic impact response of thermo-mechanically processed Al alloy (6082)
Creators: name: Dubey, Rahul
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The performance of cryogenic temperature and room temperature rolled thin aluminium alloy (AA 6082) targets of same final thickness subjected to three different rolling strains and ballistic impact by dome nosed projectile at velocity of ~100 m/s was compared. The behaviour was explained using metallograpic studies. The gained insights were extended to obtain the performance of cryogenic temperature rolled AA 6082 targets to four different rolling strains to same final thicknesses when subjected to ballistic impact using projectiles of two different nose shapes (viz., dome and conical) within a velocity range of 50-250 m/s. The study suggested the existence of an optimum value of thickness reduction for best impact resistance.
title: The Territorial Scope of the Right to Be Forgotten Online in the Opinion of the Advocate General on the Case Google CNIL
Creators: name: Bevilacqua, Giorgia
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: right to be forgotten
subject: privacy
subject: freedom of expression
subject: territorial scope
subject: internet
subject: State sovereignty

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 655-657
description: European Forum Highlight of 31 July 2019
description: How far the right to be forgotten should be protected in cyberspace is still unclear and controversial. In the opinion of the AG Szpunar delivered on the case Google CNIL on 10 January 2019 (case C-507/17) a search engine operator is not required to implement a request for de-referencing of personal information on all extensions of its domain name and search requests made outside the territory of the Union should not be subject to de-referencing. Limiting the territorial scope of this right solves several practical, political and legal issues arising from the need to strike a fair balance between conflicting human rights. Yet, the proposed solution is not consistent with the tendency to impose measures with extraterritorial scope in order to provide individuals with effective and complete protection.
Application of the closure principle computational approach test to assess ecotoxicological field studies: comparative analysis using earthworm field test abundance data
Creators: name: Daniels, Benjamin
name: Roß-Nickoll, Martina
name: Pieper, Silvia
name: Jänsch, Stephan
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ökotoxikologie
Regenwurm

description: Field studies to determine the effects of chemicals on earthworm communities are generally conducted according to International Organization for Standardization standard 11268-3 (and later comments). However, statistical test procedures suggested in the guideline are frequently criticized, mainly for 2 reasons: 1) Earthworm abundances are count data and often do not fulfill requirements for multiple t tests (normal distribution and homogeneity of variance), and 2) the resulting toxicity metrics of multiple testing procedures (no/lowest-observed-effect concentrations [NOEC/LOEC]) fail to adequately detect the actual level of effects. Recently, a new method to overcome these shortcomings was presented by the introduction of the closure principle computational approach test (CPCAT). We applied this statistical method to assess chemical effects on abundance in a large dataset of 26 earthworm field studies (with up to 3 test chemical application rates) and an additional extended study with 6 application rates. A comparative analysis was provided considering results of well-established multiple testing approaches (Dunnett's test) with particular consideration of the degree of overdispersion found in these data. It was shown that the CPCAT detects substantially more effects in earthworm field tests as statistically significant than standard t test approaches. This lowered the LOEC/NOEC for many chemical treatments to control comparisons. As a consequence, the statistically detected NOECs/LOECs were often set at lower percentage deviations between control and chemical treatment. This is the first time the performance of the CPCAT has been assessed within a comprehensive analysis of earthworm field study data. Environ Toxicol Chem 2021;40:1750-1760. © 2021 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC. © 2021 The Authors
The relationship between outpatient service use and emergency department visits among people treated for mental and substance use disorders: analysis of population-based administrative data in British Columbia, Canada
Creators: name: Lavergne, M. R.
name: Loyal, Jackson P.
name: Shirmaleki, Mehdi
name: Kaoser, Ridhwana
name: Nicholls, Tonia L.
name: Schütz, Christian G.
name: Vaughan, Adam
name: Samji, Hasina
name: Puyat, Joseph H.
name: Kaulius, Megan
name: Jones, Wayne
name: Small, William
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Background Research findings on the association between outpatient service use and emergency department (ED) visits for mental and substance use disorders (MSUDs) are mixed and may differ by disorder type. Methods We used population-based linked administrative data in British Columbia, Canada to examine associations between outpatient primary care and psychiatry service use and ED visits among people ages 15 and older, comparing across people treated for three disorder categories: common mental disorders (MDs) (depressive, anxiety, and/or post-traumatic stress disorders), serious MDs (schizophrenia spectrum and/or bipolar disorders), and substance use disorders (SUDs) in 2016/7. We used hurdle models to examine the association between outpatient service use and odds of any ED visit for MSUDs as well count of ED visits for MSUDs, stratified by cohort in 2017/8. Results Having had one or more MSUD-related primary care visit was associated with lower odds of any ED visit among people treated for common MDs and SUDs but not people treated for serious MDs. Continuity of primary care was associated with slightly lower ED use in all cohorts. One or more outpatient psychiatrist visits was associated with lower odds of ED visits among people treated for serious MDs and SUDs, but not among people with common MDs. Conclusion Findings highlight the importance of expanded access to outpatient specialist mental health services, particularly for people with serious MDs and SUDs, and collaborative models that can support primary care providers treating people with MSUDs.
Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics Simulations of The Cold Spray Process with Various Feedstock Morphologies
Creators: name: Tai, Wesley Kean Wah
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: The foundation of SPH simulation framework for cold spray technology, incorporating the Chakrabarty's modified Johnson-Cook model. The simulation methodology offers the groundwork for the development of cold spray deposition physics simulation to predict the relative bond characteristics, temperature, stress distribution of the deposition process of feedstock particle with various morphologies.
Ultrafast laser ablation of high-voltage cathodes for next generation 3D lithium-ion batteries
Creators: name: Reinhold, Carolyn
name: Pfleging, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: SPIE
Year: 2024
Subjects: Ultrashort pulsed laser ablation
lithium-ion battery
3D battery
laser structuring
LNMO

description: A promising approach for enhancing the electrochemical properties of a lithium-ion battery is the combination of a highvoltage cathode with a three-dimensional (3D) electrode architecture created through ultrafast laser ablation. In this work, the ablation characteristics of LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO) cathodes either fabricated by an N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone-based (NMP) or water-based electrode processing were examined. The influence of the binder on the resulting ablation depth as well as the ablation area and volume of the generated grooves was analyzed. An electrochemical analysis of unstructured and selected laser structured LNMO cathodes of both binder types was conducted to characterize the influence of the 3D electrode design on the electrochemical performance. For both LNMO cathodes, a significant increase of the specific discharge capacity at a C-rate of 5C could be observed for the cells containing the laser structured electrode variants.
title: The Gaps in Judicial Accountability of EASO in the Processing of Asylum Requests in Hotspots
Creators: name: Lisi, Gaia
name: Eliantonio, Mariolina
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: EU asylum policy
subject: EU agencies
subject: hotspots
subject: refugee crisis
subject: European Asylum Support Office
subject: shared administration

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 589-601
description: European Forum Insight of 21 October 2019
description: I. Introduction. - II. The functioning of the hotspot approach. - III. Accountability gaps in relation to the current legislative setup. - III.1. The current accountability arrangements. - III.2. The de facto expansion of the activities of EASO in hotspots. - III.3. The call for judicial accountability. - IV. Conclusion.
description: This Insight explores the interaction between the European Asylum Support Office (EASO) and the national authorities in the EU border and asylum regulatory framework of the 'hotspot approach'. Although the mandate of EASO foresees that the agency is merely to provide support and assistance to the competent authorities in relation to the processing of asylum requests, the actual operational activities of EASO show otherwise. The insight argues that, with this de facto expansion of the activities of the EU agency, the asylum decision-making process in hotspots does no longer qualify as a national procedure, but rather as a form of shared administration, where several EU agencies together with the national authorities are involved in the decision-making process. The current accountability arrangements, however, do not reflect the new role of EASO in the process and exhibit a number of gaps. The purpose of the insight is to highlight the various shortcomings in the system of judicial accountability of EASO in the processing of asylum requests and discuss their implications for the asylum seekers hosted in the hotspots.
title: Towards Common Minimum Standards for Whistleblower Protection Across the EU
Creators: name: Andreis, Emanuela
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: whistleblower
subject: proposal for a Directive
subject: breaches of Union law
subject: reporting channels
subject: protection measures
subject: penalties

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 575-588
description: European Forum Insight of 31 October 2019
description: I. Introduction. - II. The need for whistleblowers protection. - III. The legal basis. - IV. Content of the Proposal. - IV.1. Whistleblowers and their reports. - IV.2. Reporting channels. - IV.3. Protection measures. - IV.4. Penalties. - IV.5. Protection of the concerned persons and legal entities. - V. Final considerations.
description: This Insight describes the content of the Proposal for a Directive on the protection of persons reporting on breaches of Union law, approved with amendments by the European Parliament and formally adopted by the Council on 7th October 2019. The Directive, which will now be formally signed and published in the Official Journal, aims to enhance the enforcement of Union law and policies in specific areas by laying down common minimum standards to protect whistleblowers. This is pursued primarily through a broad definition of them, covering those who, by virtue of work-related activities, both in public and private sector, have privileged access to information about breaches that could cause serious harm to public interest and who may suffer retaliation if they report them. Furthermore, by ensuring clear and confidential reporting channels, available to report both internally and externally the work-place and, under certain conditions, the opportunity of public disclosure. The Proposal provides for a high level of protection: any form of retaliation, whether direct or indirect, is prohibited and punished. If despite this, whistleblowers do suffer retaliation, some measures of protection are envisaged, such as free advice and legal assistance, adequate remedies, the reversal of the burden of proof, immunity for liability, financial and psychological support. Although the legislative proposal represents an essential step towards the protection of whistleblowers, some critical issues persist and are examined in the final considerations.
Additional file 1 of Factors associated with age of diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder among children in Saudi Arabia: new insights from a cross-sectional study
Creators: name: Alnemary, Fahad M.
name: Alnemary, Faisal M.
name: Simon-Cereijido, Gabriela
name: Aldhalaan, Hesham M.
name: Hernandez, Anthony
name: Alyahya, Ahmed
name: Alenezi, Shuliweeh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. A sample of the survey used to conduct this study.
title: The European Parliament at the First Crusade
Creators: name: Cannizzaro, Enzo
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: European Parliament
subject: European Commission
subject: President of the European Commission
subject: European Council
subject: Member States
subject: procedure of appointment of the European Commission

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 423-425
description: On 21 October 2019, in a piece published on Verfassungsblog, twenty-nine influential experts in European affairs have harshly rebuked the European Parliament for rejecting the nomination of Sylvie Goulard to the new European Commission (Fairness, Trust and the Rule of Law: Statement on the European Parliament's confirmation procedure concerning Sylvie Goulard, www.verfassungsblog.de). The European Parliament only narrowly elected Ms. von der Leyen President of the Commission. Various political groups were torn apart, between bowing to the European Council and the chaos that could have ensued had the European Parliament voted otherwise. The process of appointment of the other members was dotted by parliamentary skirmishes and manoeuvrings and some of the candidates were rejected by the European Parliament after informal hearings, among them Ms. Goulard. Far from being irreprehensible, thus, the unilateral choice of the future President of the Commission seems to have been inspired by the desire of the heads of State or Government of the Member States to re-take the full lead, at the expense of the European Parliament. By no means, however, this twist is a zero-sum game. In the complex institutional system of the EU, the loss of prestige, influence and power of one institution will hardly be compensated by the gain of another. The loss of influence of the European Parliament will fatally disturb the institutional balance, in such a way that it will be hard to recast it. If this is the first backlash of the populist wave in Europe, the process of the European integration is to have harsh days ahead.
Association of tramadol with all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases, venous thromboembolism, and hip fractures among patients with osteoarthritis: a population-based study
Creators: name: Li, Lingyi
name: Marozoff, Shelby
name: Lu, Na
name: Xie, Hui
name: Kopeć, Jacek A.
name: Cibere, Jolanda, 1962-
name: Esdaile, John
name: Aviña-Zubieta, J. Antonio
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2022

description: Background The use of tramadol among osteoarthritis (OA) patients has been increasing rapidly around the world, but population-based studies on its safety profile among OA patients are scarce. We sought to determine if tramadol use in OA patients is associated with increased risks of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular diseases (CVD), venous thromboembolism (VTE), and hip fractures compared with commonly prescribed nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or codeine. Methods Using administrative health datasets from British Columbia, Canada, we conducted a sequential propensity score-matched cohort study among all OA patients between 2005 and 2013. The tramadol cohort (i.e., tramadol initiation) was matched with four comparator cohorts (i.e., initiation of naproxen, diclofenac, cyclooxygenase-2 [Cox-2] inhibitors, or codeine). Outcomes are all-cause mortality, first-ever CVD, VTE, and hip fractures within the year after the treatment initiation. Patients were followed until they either experienced an event, left the province, or the 1-year follow-up period ended, whichever occurred first. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate hazard ratios after adjusting for competing risk of death. Results Overall, 100,358 OA patients were included (mean age: 68 years, 63% females). All-cause mortality was higher for tramadol compared to NSAIDs with rate differences (RDs/1000 person-years, 95% CI) ranging from 3.3 (0.0–6.7) to 8.1 (4.9–11.4) and hazard ratios (HRs, 95% CI) ranging from 1.2 (1.0–1.4) to 1.5 (1.3–1.8). For CVD, no differences were observed between tramadol and NSAIDs. Tramadol had a higher risk of VTE compared to diclofenac, with RD/1000 person-years (95% CI) of 2.2 (0.7–3.7) and HR (95% CI) of 1.7 (1.3–2.2). Tramadol also had a higher risk of hip fractures compared to diclofenac and Cox-2 inhibitors with RDs/1000 person-years (95% CI) of 1.9 (0.4–3.4) and 1.7 (0.2–3.3), respectively, and HRs (95% CI) of 1.6 (1.2–2.0) and 1.4 (1.1–1.9), respectively. No differences were observed between tramadol and NSAIDs for all events. Conclusions OA patients initiating tramadol have an increased risk of mortality, VTE, and hip fractures within 1 year compared with commonly prescribed NSAIDs, but not with codeine.
Supplementary document for High-Speed Carbon Nanotube Photodetector based on Planarized Silicon Waveguide - 7001024.pdf
Creators: name: Zhao, Hongyan
name: Yang, Leijing
name: Xiu, Haojin
name: Deng, Meng
name: Wang, Yongjun
name: Zhang, Qi
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2024
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental Figures
Visualización del informe de Simulación del impacto del cambio climático en las áreas de matorral de la alta montaña de Sierra Nevada. Informe Acción A5. Proyecto LIFE-ADAPTAMED
Creators: name: Pérez-Luque, Antonio J.
name: Zamora, R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: cambio climático; LIFE-ADAPTAMED; matorrales alta montaña; Sierra Nevada

description: Visualización del informe de Simulación del impacto del cambio climático en las áreas de matorral de la alta montaña de Sierra Nevada. Informe Acción A5. Proyecto LIFE-ADAPTAMED
Supplementary document for Unsupervised Hyperspectral Stimulated Raman Microscopy Image Enhancement: Denoising and Segmentation via One-Shot Deep Learning - 5472694.pdf
Creators: name: Abdolghader, pedram
name: Ridsdale, Andrew
name: Grammatikopoulos, Tassos
name: Resch, Gavin
name: Légaré, François
name: Stolow, Albert
name: Pegoraro, Adrian
name: Tamblyn, Isaac
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplement 1
title: Friends with Benefits? Possibilities for the UK's Continued Participation in the EU's Foreign and Security Policy
Creators: name: Wessel, Ramses A.
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Brexit
subject: foreign policy
subject: CFSP
subject: CSDP
subject: EU
subject: United Kingdom

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 427-445
description: I. Introduction. - II. European law aspects of post-Brexit EU-UK cooperation. - II.1. Legal institutional possibilities and obstacles. - II.2. The withdrawal agreement. - II.3. Third country participation in CFSP. - III. International law aspects of post-Brexit EU-UK cooperation. - III.1. Existing and new CFSP/CSDP agreements. - III.2. International responsibilities and dispute settlement. - IV. Conclusion.
description: Despite the ambition of the United Kingdom that Brexit should not lead to a complete de-tachment from the European Union's foreign, security and defence policy - and, on the contrary, should lead to a new partnership - a post-Brexit cooperation on CFSP and CSDP matters raises a number of questions under both EU and international law. The present Article points to a number of restrictions in both EU primary and secondary law to allow the UK to maintain its participation in the key decision-making organs. At the same time, it assesses possibilities based on existing practices for third States to participate in EU external action.
Additional file 2 of What can be done to improve polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) healthcare? Insights from semi-structured interviews with women in Canada
Creators: name: Ismayilova, Miya
name: Yaya, Sanni
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Biotechnology
Cancer

description: Additional file 2. COREQ checklist
title: Differentiated Integration in Europe After Brexit: A Legal Analysis
Creators: name: della Cananea, Giacinto
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: European Union
subject: European integration
subject: ever closer union
subject: differentiated integration
subject: enhanced cooperation
subject: European Economic Area

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 447-469
description: I. Introduction. - II. Two visions of Europe. - II.1. A first cut at the argument. - II.2. An ever closer union. - II.3. A wider and looser union. - III. Institutional mechanisms of differentiated integration within the EU. - III.1. No "ever closer" monetary integration within the EMU. - III.2. Enhanced cooperation: nature, rationale and impact. - III.3. "Internal" international agreements: the Fiscal Compact. - III.4. A two-speed Europe: concept and issues. - IV. Legal mechanisms of integration beyond the EU. - IV.1. A single market beyond the Union: the European Economic Area. - IV.2. Schengen's mixed membership. - IV.3. A Europe of concentric circles: a "misleading simple idea". - V. Conclusion.
description: It is self-evident that the European Union has evolved over time and so has the relationship between unity and differentiation. Understanding the nature of this evolution is more difficult. This Article seeks to explicate this development, not by a temporal analysis, but by delineating two opposite political visions of the European construction, that is, the vision that is centred on the "ever closer union among the peoples of Europe" and that which postulates a wide and loose union. The differing solutions provided by these visions are examined with regard, first, to some mechanisms of differentiated integration, which are considered against the twin criteria of clarity and coherence and, second, with regard to other legal mechanisms, which imply an interaction between EU members and third countries. This can be useful for a better understanding of the institutional and legal options that are available for the future.
title: The Transformation of Regulatory Cooperation Through Its Inclusion in Free Trade Agreements: What Is Its Added Value?
Creators: name: Pipidi-Kalogirou, Kornilia
Publisher: name: European Papers (www.europeanpapers.eu)
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: regulatory cooperation
subject: institutionalisation
subject: legalisation
subject: FTAs
subject: trade governance
subject: regulation

description: European Papers - A Journal on Law and Integration, 2019 4(2), 471-491
description: I. Introduction. - II. Transatlantic regulatory cooperation outside an FTA structure. - III. FTA structures regulatory cooperation and regulation imperatives: conflict or harmony? - III.1. The changing nature of regulation. - III.2. Compatibility of regulation and FTA structures for regulatory cooperation. - IV. Tighter institutionalisation through inclusion in an FTA. - IV.1. On the nature of institutionalisation in European integration and beyond. - IV.2. Was transatlantic regulatory cooperation institutionalised? - V. Stronger legalisation through inclusion in an FTA. - V.1. The "obligation" element. - V.2. Evidence from regulatory cooperation included in FTAs beyond the EU. - VI. Conclusion.
description: The nature of trade relations in the EU is changing. Free trade agreements (FTAs) are expanding their utility, turning into governance mechanisms of the EU armoury instead of pure trade-relation regulators. This transformative capacity primarily stems from the inclusion of commitments in FTAs that go beyond pure economic governance, such as the chapters on regulatory cooperation. Although regulatory cooperation does not constitute a new trend in EU trade, under the present state, it represents an original shift. Indeed, the placement of regulatory cooperation within a legally binding treaty is at odds with the past choices of negotiation and commitment. This Article addresses this dichotomy. By analysing the inclusion of regulatory cooperation in a legally binding treaty, the Author seeks to understand its contribution to the implementation of these commitments, drawing arguments from the past and present, intra and extra EU experiences.
Companion to "Data-driven Dynamic Friction Models based on Recurrent Neural Networks"
Creators: name: Garcia-Suarez, Joaquin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This repository contains all the necessary materials to reproduce and analyze the training of Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) Neural Networks using PyTorch, including the datasets generated and used during the training process. Specifically, this repository provides:

Jupyter Notebooks: These notebooks are used to train the GRU Neural Networks, detailing the implementation and training process. They cover all the necessary steps from data preparation to model evaluation.

Datasets: The repository includes the training, testing, and validation datasets used during the model development. Additionally, Mathematica notebooks are provided, which were used to generate synthetic data for the training process.

Directory Structure:

Synthetic Data Generation: This folder contains all resources related to the generation of synthetic datasets, including the Mathematica notebooks.

notebooks_and_results: This folder contains subfolders for each model configuration. Each subfolder includes:

A Jupyter notebook detailing the training process.

The "best weights" saved during the training process, representing the optimal model state according to lowest training loss.

Detailed logs (csv files) tracking the evolution of the loss terms and gradient magnitudes, providing insight into the training dynamics.

Additional Documentation: The root folder contains a ReadMe.txt file, which provides specific details about the models and the associated resources. Users are encouraged to consult these files for a better understanding of the individual experiments and their outcomes.

 

Output File Naming Convention: The output files generated during the training process follow a specific naming convention designed to encode the key parameters and settings used in each experiment. An example of this naming convention is as follows:gradients_losses_105trainseq_22valseq_1batch_10hidden_2.0clip_1.0MAE_0.1IC_0.1gradIC_0.01DE_0.001healing_0.0l2reg

Here’s a breakdown of what each part of the filename represents:

trainseq: Number of training sequences used (105 sequences).

valseq: Number of validation sequences used (22 sequences).

batch: Batch size used during training (1).

hidden: Number of hidden units in the GRU model (10 units).

clip: Gradient clipping value (2.0 norm).

MAE: Weight assigned to the Mean Absolute Error (MAE) loss term (1.0).

IC: Weight for the initial conditions loss term (0.1).

gradIC: Weight for the gradient of initial conditions loss term (0.1).

DE: Weight for the direct effect loss term (0.01).

healing: Weight for the frictional healing term added to the loss (0.001).

l2reg: Weight for L2 regularization (0.0 indicates that L2 regularization was not applied).
The Process Of Developing Leadership Competencies For High School Principals - Insights From Vietnamese Case
Creators: name: Huyen Phuong Nguyen, Yen Thi Hoang Duong, Duong Thi Nghiem, Hoang Huy Nguyen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Leadership Capacity Of High School Principals; Developing The Leadership Capacity Of The Principal; The Process Of Developing Leadership Competencies For High School Principals.

description: In the context of globalization and international integration in the field of education and training in Vietnam, modern theories of leadership development for principals of high schools have been approached and applied in both training of administrators and school leadership practices. This study was conducted to help clarify the question of how the theories of school leadership development from the point of view of Western authors can be compatible in the context of high school policy and leadership culture in Vietnam. From the results of that assessment, the authors have connected the theoretical foundations with the practice of school leadership to propose some solutions to optimize the theories of leadership development in cultivating and training principals of high schools in Vietnam.
Diversification of edible wild mushrooms cultivation with new native species.
Creators: name: Colell, Aitor
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Diversification
Native species
cultivation
biodiversity

description: The project led by Bolet Ben Fet focused on diversifying mushroom cultivation in Catalonia by introducing native fungal species. It developed methods for eight species, some never cultivated before, promoting local biodiversity and expanding market opportunities.
GUMANITAR TA`LIM YO`NALISHLARIDA MATEMATIKANI O`QITISHDA MATEMATIK MANTIQ TUSHUNCHALARIDAN FOYDALANISHGA DOIR BA`ZI MALUMOTLAR
Creators: name: Umarova, Nadira
name: Eshpulatova, Husniya
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Maqolada matematika fanining muhim bo'limlaridan - matematik mantiq fanining asosiy tushunchalari bo'lgan mulohazalar va ular ustida amallarga doir ma'lumotlar, ularning filologiyada qo'llanishi, mantiqiy formulalar va qonunlarning tildagi talqinlari haqida fikrlar berilgan.
Prototype LivingLabs methodology & initial guidance with generic case compendium
Creators: name: Imperiale, Angelo Jonas
name: Crystal, Tova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This report sets out the context, rationale and conceptual grounding for the initial C2B2 methodology for establishing and running LivingLabs in the three case studies of the Mistra C2B2 programme. It describes the implementation of the C2B2 LivingLabs methodology and presents the initial version of the generic compendium for the early stages of the methodology.
Molecular mechanisms of vitamin D metabolism and phosphorus utilization to maintain mineral homeostasis
Creators: name: Hasan, Maruf
Publisher: name: Universität Rostock
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: 630 Agriculture

description: Calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) balance in pigs is regulated by key factors like vitamin D and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23). A study looked at gene expression related to vitamin D metabolism and FGF23 signaling in pigs on different P diets. Different tissues contribute to vitamin D synthesis, and dietary P levels affect gene expression. Another study found that UVB exposure can improve vitamin D status in pigs. A literature review compared the effects of vitamin D3 and 25(OH)D3 on pig health, showing benefits of 25(OH)D3 for growth, immunity, and bone development in piglets.
Additional file 1 of Changes in the rankings of leading causes of death in Japan, Korea, and Taiwan from 1998 to 2018: a comparison of three ranking lists
Creators: name: Tai, Shu-Yu
name: Cheon, Soyeon
name: Yamaoka, Yui
name: Chien, Yu-Wen
name: Lu, Tsung-Hsueh
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Table S1. List for ranking leading causes of death by government of Japan
Vulnerability Detection in Android
Creators: name: Li, Chaoran
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Android is a market-leading, open-source operating system. It is utilized not only in mobile phones, but also in smart TVs, smart TV boxes, and smart vehicles. Despite its substantial market share, it has significant security problems. For example, how to prevent attackers from taking control of the Android system, how to determine if spyware is installed on the Android system, how to detect potential vulnerabilities in the Android system or applications, and how to protect user privacy from being leaked.