cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tmesisternus deyrollei Withaar 2019, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Withaar, Gerrit
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Cerambycidae
Tmesisternus
Tmesisternus deyrollei

description: Tmesisternus deyrollei spec. nov. (Figs 3, 8) urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 4F0DAA92-2807-4FFD-9519-ED908F6EFFC7 Holotype: ♂, Ceram ill. 1882. E. Deyrolle [RMNH]. Diagnosis: The species resembles very much Tmesisternus carlae Withaar, 2017 but deyrollei is much larger. It has pronotal tubercles (lacking in carlae) and the structure of the genitalia is different. Description: Length: 19,5 mm, width: 5 mm. Female unknown. Head black with black eyes. A double ridged groove from base to labrum, with on front an elliptical depression. Entirely covered with long grey contiguous pubescens, except for the ventral side, the central ridged groove, small lateral ridges and a small area behind the upper eye lobe. Antennae red, in holotype unfortunately not complete. Scape a little claviate. Entirely covered with very short transparent pubescens, except for the scape which is fringed beneath. Pronotum black, with deep punctures, except for a central longitudinal area. From base bent to the tapering apex. No lateral ridges, but with sharp tubercles just in front of the apex. Ventro-laterally another small blunt tubercle present, surrounded by long grey pubescens. Entirely covered with fine transverse grey pubescens. Ventrally smooth and glossy. Scutellum black, nearly round with scarce fine grey pubescens. Elytra black, basal half parallel sided, apical half tapering to the round apex. Entirely covered with fine punctures and fine grey pubescens, some arranged in rows, except for a wide postscutellar area. The sutural ridge and two weak longitudinal ridges are fused just behind the apex and thus reaching the apex. Legs with femora black, glossy, strong claviate and covered with contiguous grey pubescens. Tibia and tarsi red with fine transparent pubescens. Abdomen ventrally, black and glossy, covered with long contiguous grey pubescens, except for a small central area. Genitalia as in fig. 8. Distribution: It has been found on the island Seram (Moluccas, Indonesia). Etymology: Tmesisternus deyrollei is named in honor of collector Emile Deyrolle (1838 - 1917), a naturalia trader from Paris (France), who obtained the holotype for the collection of the Rijksmuseum voor Natuurlijke Historie (Leiden), but probably did not collect it himself on Seram island.
description: Published as part of Withaar, Gerrit, 2019, Six new species of the genus Tmesisternus from New Guinea and Seram (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Lamiinae, Tmesisternini), pp. 69-78 in Sugapa Digital 11 (2) on pages 71-72, DOI: 10.19269/sugapa2019.11(2).03, http://zenodo.org/record/3832889
description: {"references": ["Withaar, G., 2017. New species of the genus Tmesisternus from New Guinea and the Maluku Islands (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae, Laminae, Tmesisternini). Suara Serangga Papua (SUGAPA digital) 10 (2): 42 - 53"]}
title: Lexical Priming and Metaphor: Application of the theory of Lexical Priming to metaphoric language.
Creators: name: Patterson, KJ
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: Metaphoricity is often regarded as a distinctive linguistic phenomenon, in opposition to literal, or non-figurative language. Recent research from a corpus-linguistic perspective has begun to show, however, that such a dichotomist stance to metaphor does not bear scrutiny. Current categorization of metaphoric language is unable to address the fuzzy, ambiguous nature of metaphoricity with any definitive set of linguistic characteristics (Deignan, 2005; Partington, 2006; Philip, 2011). Moreover, a metaphor’s ability to violate or bend the limits of linguistic conventions (semantically, lexically, grammatically) is what gives those who employ them a certain degree of freedom in their use of language. The focus of this thesis is to explore and compare the lexical characteristics of metaphoric and non-metaphoric instances of language from a corpus-based perspective. Hoey’s theory of Lexical Priming (2005) presents a usage-based account for both the psychological motivation behind our understanding of language and our ability to use language fluently to communicate within a given context. Presently, the theory accounts for both spoken and written language within particular domains but little attention has been paid to figurative language and in how far priming can account for its usage. This research aims to present an account of how lexical priming can be extended to account for metaphoric instances of language. The focus of this thesis is to explore the relations of collocation, colligation, semantic association and pragmatic association in metaphoric and non-metaphoric instances of the items cultivated (v), flame (n) and grew (v) within a corpus of nineteenth century writings. Hoey’s Drinking Problem hypothesis, an outcome of the Lexical Priming theory is shown to provide an explanation for what drives us as language users to identify metaphoricity. The findings reveal differences in the lexical behaviour between metaphoric and non-metaphoric uses: as a metaphor, it can be argued that cultivated, flame and grew are qualitatively different lexical items, when compared to their non-metaphoric use(s). These findings suggest that lexical, grammatical, textual and pragmatic manifestations in language carry a great deal of importance in distinguishing between subtleties in word senses and meanings. Moreover, the findings show a metaphoric sense of an item appears to be dependent on the primings activated in a reader. It could be argued, based upon the lexical priming approach, that metaphoricity is inherent in the language user rather than the language itself. The research concludes more generally that corpus linguistics, as a method, can offer an explanation for why we recognise metaphoric uses of an item successfully.
Mesoleptus incessor
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesoleptus
Mesoleptus incessor

description: Mesoleptus incessor (HALIDAY, 1838)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 2: 1♀ 20.iv.-5.v., 1♀ 5-20.v., 1♀ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 21.ix.-5.x.; trap 4: 1♀ 13-27.vii., 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 24.viii.-7.ix., 1♀ 1♁ 7-21.ix., 1♀ 21.ix.-5.x., 1♀ 19.x.-3.xi.; trap 7: 1♁ 23.iv.-5.v., 1♀ 5-20.v., 1♁ 20.v.-1.vi., 1♀ 13-27.vii., 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii., 1♀ 5-19.x.; trap 12: 1♀ 10-24.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, known from Georgia (RIEDEL et al. 2018).
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Measurement of vaccine-derived immunity: How do we use all the data?
Creators: name: Grenfell, B.T
name: Lessler, J
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: The distribution of vaccine-derived immunity is central to disease control efforts, but is often poorly known. In this editorial, we outline why evaluating the degree of vaccine-derived immunity is both important and problematic, and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of different methods that have been used to approach this challenge.
Close encounters of the infectious kind: Methods to measure social mixing behaviour
Creators: name: Lessler, J
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Edmunds, W.J
name: Riley, S
name: Read, J.M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: A central tenet of close-contact or respiratory infection epidemiology is that infection patterns within human populations are related to underlying patterns of social interaction. Until recently, few researchers had attempted to quantify potentially infectious encounters made between people. Now, however, several studies have quantified social mixing behaviour, using a variety of methods. Here, we review the methodologies employed, suggest other appropriate methods and technologies, and outline future research challenges for this rapidly advancing field of research.
Two new alkaloids from Melodinus hemsleyanus Diels
Creators: name: Zhang, Ya-Mei
name: Gu, Jian
name: Pu-Zhao Zhang
name: Zhang, Guo-Lin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: Two new monoterpenoid indole alkaloids, named 14,15-dihydro-14β,15β-epoxy-10-hydroxyscandine (1) and 15α-hydroxy-meloscandonine (2), together with 12 known compounds, were isolated from the aerial parts of Melodinus hemsleyanus Diels. The structures of 1 and 2 were elucidated on the bases of 1D and 2D NMR spectra and MS. Two new compounds were evaluated for their PTP1B and Drak2 inhibitory effects, and inactivity.
Impact of birth rate, seasonality and transmission rate on minimum levels of coverage needed for rubella vaccination
Creators: name: Lessler, J
name: Klepac, P
name: Grenfell, B.T
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
name: Cutts, F
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2012

description: Childhood rubella infection in early pregnancy can lead to fetal death or congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) with multiple disabilities. Reduction of transmission via universal vaccination can prevent CRS, but inadequate coverage may increase CRS numbers by increasing the average age at infection. Consequently, many countries do not vaccinate against rubella. The World Health Organization recommends that for safe rubella vaccination, at least 80% coverage of each birth cohort should be sustained. The nonlinear relationship between CRS burden and infection dynamics has been much studied; however, how the complex interaction between epidemic and demographic dynamics affects minimum safe levels of coverage has not been quantitatively evaluated across scales necessary for a global assessment. We modelled 30-year CRS burdens across epidemiological and demographic settings, including the effect of local interruption of transmission via stochastic fadeout. Necessary minimum vaccination coverage increases markedly with birth and transmission rates, independent of amplitude of seasonal fluctuations in transmission. Susceptible build-up in older age groups following local stochastic extinction of rubella increased CRS burden, indicating that spatial context is important. In low birth-rate settings, 80% routine coverage is a conservative guideline, particularly if supplemented with campaigns and vaccination of women of childbearing age. Where birth and transmission rates are high, immunization coverage must be well above 80% and campaigns may be needed. Policy-makers should be aware of the potential negative effect of local extinction of rubella, since heterogeneity in vaccination coverage will shape extinction patterns, potentially increasing CRS burdens.
Variation in dengue virus plaque reduction neutralization testing: Systematic review and pooled analysis
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Barraquer, I
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Lessler, J
name: Rainwater-Lovett, K
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd.
Year: 2012

description: Background: The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) remains the gold standard for the detection of serologic immune responses to dengue virus (DENV). While the basic concept of the PRNT remains constant, this test has evolved in multiple laboratories, introducing variation in materials and methods. Despite the importance of laboratory-to-laboratory comparability in DENV vaccine development, the effects of differing PRNT techniques on assay results, particularly the use of different dengue strains within a serotype, have not been fully characterized.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and pooled analysis of published literature reporting individual-level PRNT titers to identify factors associated with heterogeneity in PRNT results and compared variation between strains within DENV serotypes and between articles using hierarchical models.Results: The literature search and selection criteria identified 8 vaccine trials and 25 natural exposure studies reporting 4,411 titers from 605 individuals using 4 different neutralization percentages, 3 cell lines, 12 virus concentrations and 51 strains. Of 1,057 titers from primary DENV exposure, titers to the exposure serotype were consistently higher than titers to non-exposure serotypes. In contrast, titers from secondary DENV exposures (n = 628) demonstrated high titers to exposure and non-exposure serotypes. Additionally, PRNT titers from different strains within a serotype varied substantially. A pooled analysis of 1,689 titers demonstrated strain choice accounted for 8.04% (90% credible interval [CrI]: 3.05%, 15.7%) of between-titer variation after adjusting for secondary exposure, time since DENV exposure, vaccination and neutralization percentage. Differences between articles (a proxy for inter-laboratory differences) accounted for 50.7% (90% CrI: 30.8%, 71.6%) of between-titer variance.Conclusions: As promising vaccine candidates arise, the lack of standardized assays among diagnostic and research laboratories make unbiased inferences about vaccine-induced protection difficult. Clearly defined, widely accessible reference reagents, proficiency testing or algorithms to adjust for protocol differences would be a useful first step in improving dengue PRNT comparability and quality assurance.
Visualizing clinical evidence: Citation networks for the incubation periods of respiratory viral infections
Creators: name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Reich, N.G
name: Lessler, J
name: Perl, T.M
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2011

description: Simply by repetition, medical facts can become enshrined as truth even when there is little empirical evidence supporting them. We present an intuitive and clear visual design for tracking the citation history of a particular scientific fact over time. We apply this method to data from a previously published literature review on the incubation period of nine respiratory viral infections. The resulting citation networks reveal that the conventional wisdom about the incubation period for these diseases was based on a small fraction of available data and in one case, on no retrievable empirical evidence. Overall, 50% of all incubation period statements did not provide a source for their estimate and 65% of original sources for incubation period data were not incorporated into subsequent publications. More standardized and widely available methods for visualizing these histories of medical evidence are needed to ensure that conventional wisdom cannot stray too far from empirically supported knowledge.
Mesoleptus laevigatus
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesoleptus
Mesoleptus laevigatus

description: Mesoleptus laevigatus (GRAVENHORST, 1820)
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap7: 1♀ 19.x.-3.xi.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Transpalaearctic, known from Azerbaijan (ABDINBEKOVA 1963, JONAITIS & ALIEV 1983 a, ALIEV 1988), new record for Georgia.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Antibacterial effect of the red sea soft coral Sarcophyton trocheliophorum
Creators: name: El-Seedi, Hesham R.
name: Gomaa, Mohamed N.
name: Kawther Soliman
name: Ayesh, Ahmed
name: El-Wahed, Aida Abd
name: Hamza, Zeinab
name: Hager M. Mansour
name: Shaden A.M. Khalifa
name: Hapipah Bint Mohd Ali
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Biological Sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemistry
subject: Earth and Environmental Sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Microbiology
subject: Biochemistry

description: The marine soft corals Sarcophyton trocheliophorum crude extracts possessed antimicrobial activity towards pathogenic bacterial strains, i.e. Bacillus cereus, Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Bioassay-guided fractionation indicated that the antimicrobial effect was due to the presence of terpenoid bioactive derivatives. Further biological assays of the n-hexane fractions were carried out using turbidity assay, inhibition zone assay and minimum inhibitory concentration for investigating the growth-inhibition effect towards the Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The fractions were screened and the structure of the isolated compound was justified by interpretation of the spectroscopic data, mainly mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The structure was assigned as (5S)-3-[(3E,5S)-5-hydroxy-3-hepten-6-yn-1-yl]-5-methyl-2(5H)-furanone and was effective at concentrations as low as 0.20 mg/mL. The above findings, in the course of our ongoing research on marine products, may implicate that the profound anti-microbial activity of the S. trocheliophorum soft corals, inhabiting the red sea reefs, is attributed to the presence of growth-inhibiting secondary metabolites mainly terpenoids.
title: 'A Different Kind of History is Possible': the History Workshop Movement and the Politics of British and West German Historical Practice
Creators: name: Gwinn, IA
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: This research examines the meaning and practice of History Workshop as a site of knowledge production and emancipatory politics in Britain and West Germany from the late-1960s to the early-1980s. In this respect, it marks a departure from most secondary accounts that have been written on the movement and associated forms of historical work in both countries, which have tended to separate out intellectual history from the social and cultural histories of protest and activism. The aim of this research is to preserve the interdependence and mutual implication of these two realms, treating them as part of the many-sided political dynamic that energised and directed the activities of the movement. Furthermore, it goes beyond the existing literature by broadening the scope of inquiry to encompass transnational spheres of activity, which includes an investigation of the forms of interaction, exchange and mutual perception between Workshop historians in both countries, along with a focus on the social networks and institutional apparatuses, and the ways in which they connected participants. This approach follows trends in recent scholarship on the history of social movements, where historians have increasingly turned their attention towards the comparative, transnational and global contexts of protest, a trend that is also slowly filtering into other fields like intellectual history and even the subspecialism of the history of historiography.
Weight trimming and propensity score weighting
Creators: name: Stuart, E.A
name: Lee, B.K
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2011

description: Propensity score weighting is sensitive to model misspecification and outlying weights that can unduly influence results. The authors investigated whether trimming large weights downward can improve the performance of propensity score weighting and whether the benefits of trimming differ by propensity score estimation method. In a simulation study, the authors examined the performance of weight trimming following logistic regression, classification and regression trees (CART), boosted CART, and random forests to estimate propensity score weights. Results indicate that although misspecified logistic regression propensity score models yield increased bias and standard errors, weight trimming following logistic regression can improve the accuracy and precision of final parameter estimates. In contrast, weight trimming did not improve the performance of boosted CART and random forests. The performance of boosted CART and random forests without weight trimming was similar to the best performance obtainable by weight trimmed logistic regression estimated propensity scores. While trimming may be used to optimize propensity score weights estimated using logistic regression, the optimal level of trimming is difficult to determine. These results indicate that although trimming can improve inferences in some settings, in order to consistently improve the performance of propensity score weighting, analysts should focus on the procedures leading to the generation of weights (i.e., proper specification of the propensity score model) rather than relying on ad-hoc methods such as weight trimming.
title: Exploring Hyperbranched-Polydendron Chemistry and Architecture for Nanomedicine Applications
Creators: name: Rogers, HE
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: The introduction of amphiphilicity into hyp-polydendrons has been achieved for the first time through the use of tertiary amine functional dendritic chain-ends and branched hydrophobic polymer chains. Explorations into the chemistry and architectural components within the hyp-polydendron structure has been carried out, offering the opportunity to control both structural and chemical behaviour. These have included: variation of the chemical composition of the primary polymer chain; utilisation of different monomers within the polymerisation; variation of dendron surface and linker chemistry; variation of primary chain architecture to produce statistical and block copolymers; variation of the degree of polymerisation; and initiation by multiple initiators (dendron and non-dendron) to result in mixed surface groups on the hyp-polydendron. The synthesis and aqueous nanoprecipitation of these branched materials is compared with their linear–dendritic polymer analogues, showing that the chemical and structural variables are all capable of influencing the ability to generate nanoparticles, the resulting nanoparticle diameter and dispersity, and subsequent response to changes in pH. The incorporation of the monomer, 2-(diethylamino)ethyl methacrylate, and a new acid-cleavable brancher has resulted in the preparation of pH-responsive nanoparticles that undergo solubilisation upon the addition of acid. Additionally, the hydrolysis of aggregated nanoprecipitates into linear-dendritic polymer chains has been confirmed by gel permeation chromatography, and encouraging encapsulation and release studies demonstrate a promising platform for pH-responsive drug delivery vehicles. The co-nanoprecipitation of linear-dendritic hybrids with branched copolymers has produced stable nanoparticle dispersions. Comparative nanoparticle behavioural studies, and consequent response to changes in pH have been conducted between co-nanoprecipitated nanoprecipitates in aqueous media to similarly composed hyp-polydendron nanoprecipitates containing covalently-bound dendron chain-ends. The dye molecule fluoresceinamine has been selected as a model guest molecule for encapsulation (9 wt%) within certain nanoparticles which were stable under physiologically-relevant conditions. Cytotoxicity and transcellular permeability studies were carried out using Caco-2 cells, showing low cytotoxicity at the concentrations studied, enhanced permeation though the Caco-2 cell monolayer, and high accumulation in Caco-2 and ATHP-1 cells. Finally, the ring opening co-polymerisation of ε-caprolactone and 4,4’-bioxepanyl-7,7’-dione using dendron initiators was explored. This resulted in stable ε-caprolactone nanoprecipitates formed in aqueous media, from biodegradable polyester hyp-polydendrons. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first example of stabilised p(CL) nanoparticles in aqueous solution, without the need for additional stabilisers.
Mesoleptus tobiasi JONAITIS 2004
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Mesoleptus
Mesoleptus tobiasi

description: Mesoleptus tobiasi JONAITIS, 2004
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap 15: 2♀♀ 14-28.vii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Western Palaearctic, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
Verification of optimization algorithms: A case study of a quadratic assignment problem solver
Creators: name: Chen, Tsong
name: Lin, Huimin
name: Merkel, Robert
name: Wang, Daoming
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: It is often difficult to verify the solutions of computationally intensive mathematical optimization problems. Metamorphic testing is a technique to verify software test output even when a complete testing oracle is nor present. We apply metamorphic testing to a classic optimization problem, the quadratic assignment problem (QAP). A number of metamorphic relalions for the QAP are described in detail, and their effectiveness in 'killing' mutated versions of an exact QAP solver is compared. We show that metamorphic testing can be effectively applied to the QAP in the absence of an oracle, and discuss the implications for the testing of solvers for other hard optimization problems.
title: Death in post-palatial Greece: Reinterpreting burial practices and social organisation after the collapse of the Mycenaean palaces
Creators: name: Bulmer, P
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: The principle aim of this thesis is to develop a better understanding of social organisation in Greece after the collapse of the palace system c.1190 BCE. This is achieved through a multi-level analysis of burial practices, focussing specifically on the post-palatial cemetery at Perati, burial practices before and after the collapse in the Argolid, and the custom of burial with weapons, from the Shaft Grave period to the post-palatial period in Greece. The main theoretical basis for focussing on burial practices is the argument that social change is reflected and enacted in burial practices, so studying changes in burial practices (including the shift from chamber tombs to simple graves, the change from collective to single burials, the introduction of cremation, and the use of high status grave goods) has the potential to inform us about the nature of social change. This basic premise is challenged in the course of the thesis, when it is shown that burial practices in Attica changed before the collapse, whilst the custom of placing weapons in graves did not change when the palace system collapsed, and burial practices in the Argolid remained recognisably Mycenaean despite the destruction of the region’s two palaces. In explaining why burial practices did not change in response to the collapse of the palace system, the thesis develops a new theory. Burial practices do change, but this is in response to changes in kinship structures, rather than the nature of the state or the level of social complexity. Furthermore, this thesis argues that burials with weapons do not represent the burials or warriors or chiefs, but are used more broadly to reflect status achieved for a variety of reasons. These burials should not be regarded as “warrior graves”, since there was, in fact, no warrior class at any time in Bronze Age Greece. This study challenges a number of traditional interpretations of the post-palatial period in Greece. In particular, it is argued that this period should no longer be regarded as the start of the so-called Dark Age. The people who survived the destructions and went on to re-organise their lives during this troubled period should not be thought of as the victims of disaster, but active participants in the shaping of post-palatial Greece. They deserve to have their story told, and this thesis represents a chapter in that story.
Measuring the performance of vaccination programs using cross-sectional surveys: A likelihood framework and retrospective analysis
Creators: name: Grenfell, B.T
name: Lessler, J
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Luquero, F.J
name: Grais, R.F
name: Metcalf, C.J.E
Publisher: name: Public Library of Science
Year: 2011

description: Background: The performance of routine and supplemental immunization activities is usually measured by the administrative method: dividing the number of doses distributed by the size of the target population. This method leads to coverage estimates that are sometimes impossible (e.g., vaccination of 102% of the target population), and are generally inconsistent with the proportion found to be vaccinated in Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS). We describe a method that estimates the fraction of the population accessible to vaccination activities, as well as within-campaign inefficiencies, thus providing a consistent estimate of vaccination coverage. Methods and Findings: We developed a likelihood framework for estimating the effective coverage of vaccination programs using cross-sectional surveys of vaccine coverage combined with administrative data. We applied our method to measles vaccination in three African countries: Ghana, Madagascar, and Sierra Leone, using data from each country's most recent DHS survey and administrative coverage data reported to the World Health Organization. We estimate that 93% (95% CI: 91, 94) of the population in Ghana was ever covered by any measles vaccination activity, 77% (95% CI: 78, 81) in Madagascar, and 69% (95% CI: 67, 70) in Sierra Leone. "Within-activity" inefficiencies were estimated to be low in Ghana, and higher in Sierra Leone and Madagascar. Our model successfully fits age-specific vaccination coverage levels seen in DHS data, which differ markedly from those predicted by naïve extrapolation from country-reported and World Health Organization-adjusted vaccination coverage. Conclusions: Combining administrative data with survey data substantially improves estimates of vaccination coverage. Estimates of the inefficiency of past vaccination activities and the proportion not covered by any activity allow us to more accurately predict the results of future activities and provide insight into the ways in which vaccination programs are failing to meet their goals. Please see later in the article for the Editors' Summary.
Location-specific patterns of exposure to recent pre-pandemic strains of influenza A in southern China
Creators: name: Smith, G.J.D
name: Riley, S
name: Read, J.M
name: Zhu, H
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Wang, S
name: Guan, Y
name: Lessler, J
name: Jiang, C.Q
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Variation in influenza incidence between locations is commonly observed on large spatial scales. It is unclear whether such variation occurs on smaller spatial scales and whether it is the result of heterogeneities in population demographics or more subtle differences in population structure and connectivity. Here we show that significant differences in immunity to influenza A viruses among communities in China are not explained by differences in population demographics. We randomly selected households from five randomly selected locations near Guangzhou, China to answer a questionnaire and provide a blood sample for serological testing against five recently circulating influenza viruses. We find a significant reduction in the frequency of detectable neutralization titers with increasing age, levelling off in older age groups. There are significant differences between locations in age, employment status, vaccination history, household size and housing conditions. However, after adjustment, significant variations in the frequency of detectable neutralization titers persists between locations. These results suggest there are characteristics of communities that drive influenza transmission dynamics apart from individual and household level risk factors, and that such factors have effects independent of strain.
Maintaining high rates of measles immunization in Africa
Creators: name: Lowther, S.A
name: Moss, W.J
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Supplementary immunization activities (SIAs) are important in achieving high levels of population immunity to measles virus. Using data from a 2006 survey of measles vaccination in Lusaka, Zambia, we developed a model to predict measles immunity following routine vaccination and SIAs, and absent natural infection. Projected population immunity was compared between the current programme and alternatives, including supplementing routine vaccination with a second dose, or SIAs at 1-, 2-, 3-, 4- and 5-year intervals. Current routine vaccination plus frequent SIAs could maintain high levels of population immunity in children aged <5 years, even if each frequent SIA has low coverage (e.g. ≥72% for bi-annual 60% coverage SIAs vs. ≥69% for quadrennial 95% coverage SIAs). A second dose at 12 months with current coverage could achieve 81% immunity. Circulating measles virus will only increase population immunity. Public health officials should consider frequent SIAs when resources for a two-dose strategy are unavailable.
ТОВАР-МОДДИЙ ЗАХИРАЛАРНИНГ ТАСНИФИ ВА ЎРНИ.
Creators: name: Алимханова, Н.А.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Бугунги иқтисодий шароитда ҳар бир хўжаликдаги маблағларни ўрганиш ҳаракатини давр талаби бўлиб ҳисобланади. Чунки маблағларни қай тарзда фойдаланиш корхонанинг молиявий натижасига боғлиқдир. Товар-моддий захираларнинг ишлаб чиқариш корхоналарида харажатлар қисмини асосини ташкил қилади. Шунинг учун ҳам доимий равишда товар-моддий захираларини ишлатилиши, қолдиғи, ҳаракатини доимий назоратга олиш зарурдир. Шунинг учун ҳам вақти-вақти билан корхоналарнинг ўзларида йил давомида фойдаланилишини таҳлил қилиш зарур ҳисобланади. Таҳлил учун маълумотлар инвентаризация йўли орқали олиб борилади. Айни пйтга келиб корхоналарда асосий харажатлар қисмининг ошиши, харажатларнинг ошиши эса корхоналарнинг молиявий натижаларига салбий таъсир кўрсатмоқда.
Comparing three basic models for seasonal influenza
Creators: name: Shalev, V
name: Bromberg, M
name: Kaufman, J
name: Lessler, J
name: Kaufman, Z
name: Douglas, J
name: Ram, R
name: Edlund, S
name: Mesika, Y
name: Bassal, R
name: Leventhal, A
name: Chodick, G
name: Marom, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: In this paper we report the use of the open source Spatiotemporal Epidemiological Modeler (STEM, www.eclipse.org/stem) to compare three basic models for seasonal influenza transmission. The models are designed to test for possible differences between the seasonal transmission of influenza A and B. Model 1 assumes that the seasonality and magnitude of transmission do not vary between influenza A and B. Model 2 assumes that the magnitude of seasonal forcing (i.e., the maximum transmissibility), but not the background transmission or flu season length, differs between influenza A and B. Model 3 assumes that the magnitude of seasonal forcing, the background transmission, and flu season length all differ between strains. The models are all optimized using 10 years of surveillance data from 49 of 50 administrative divisions in Israel. Using a cross-validation technique, we compare the relative accuracy of the models and discuss the potential for prediction. We find that accounting for variation in transmission amplitude increases the predictive ability compared to the base. However, little improvement is obtained by allowing for further variation in the shape of the seasonal forcing function.
Improving propensity score weighting using machine learning
Creators: name: Lee, B.K
name: Stuart, E.A
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: Machine learning techniques such as classification and regression trees (CART) have been suggested as promising alternatives to logistic regression for the estimation of propensity scores. The authors examined the performance of various CART-based propensity score models using simulated data. Hypothetical studies of varying sample sizes (n=500, 1000, 2000) with a binary exposure, continuous outcome, and 10 covariates were simulated under seven scenarios differing by degree of non-linear and non-additive associations between covariates and the exposure. Propensity score weights were estimated using logistic regression (all main effects), CART, pruned CART, and the ensemble methods of bagged CART, random forests, and boosted CART. Performance metrics included covariate balance, standard error, per cent absolute bias, and 95 per cent confidence interval (CI) coverage. All methods displayed generally acceptable performance under conditions of either non-linearity or non-additivity alone. However, under conditions of both moderate non-additivity and moderate non-linearity, logistic regression had subpar performance, whereas ensemble methods provided substantially better bias reduction and more consistent 95 per cent CI coverage. The results suggest that ensemble methods, especially boosted CART, may be useful for propensity score weighting.
Prediction of potential barcoding sites on ITS1 by wavelet transform
Creators: name: Maggi, Norbert
name: Ruggiero, Carmelina
name: Arrigo, Patrizio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: For sustainable development, biodiversity conservation and life-quality improvement must be simultaneously considered. Molecular techniques have greatly impacted biotechnology. These methods have, in particular, improved the capability to investigate the fine differences among organisms and, as a consequence, to better investigate the effects on environmental factors on them. We propose an approach to support the optimal selection of molecular probes for barcoding application in many biotechnological fields. The aim of our work is specificity maximization. To this purpose, we have integrated a filter system based on wavelet transforms with biological knowledge about the sequence proneness to mutation and post-translational modification. Specifically, we have tested the proposed method on ITS1 sequences that are a region of the rRNA locus. Our analysis has shown the presence of other local relative stable conformations in addition to known cleavage site. Their characteristics differ within the group of mammals selected for our analysis. These variations could be used to design new species-specific barcoding probes or other quick molecular screening tools.
Prediction of potential barcoding sites on ITS1 by wavelet transform
Creators: name: Maggi, Norbert
name: Ruggiero, Carmelina
name: Arrigo, Patrizio
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Computational Biology

description: For sustainable development, biodiversity conservation and life-quality improvement must be simultaneously considered. Molecular techniques have greatly impacted biotechnology. These methods have, in particular, improved the capability to investigate the fine differences among organisms and, as a consequence, to better investigate the effects on environmental factors on them. We propose an approach to support the optimal selection of molecular probes for barcoding application in many biotechnological fields. The aim of our work is specificity maximization. To this purpose, we have integrated a filter system based on wavelet transforms with biological knowledge about the sequence proneness to mutation and post-translational modification. Specifically, we have tested the proposed method on ITS1 sequences that are a region of the rRNA locus. Our analysis has shown the presence of other local relative stable conformations in addition to known cleavage site. Their characteristics differ within the group of mammals selected for our analysis. These variations could be used to design new species-specific barcoding probes or other quick molecular screening tools.
Obisiphaga albiannulata SCHWARZ 2018
Creators: name: Riedel
name: Pénigot
name: Schwarz
name: Diller
name: Johansson
name: Japoshvili, G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Ichneumonidae
Obisiphaga
Obisiphaga albiannulata

description: Obisiphaga albiannulata SCHWARZ, 2018, det. Schwarz
M a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: Trap2: 1♀ 1-15.vi.; trap 12: 1♀ 29.vi.-13.vii., 1♀ 13-27.vii., 1♀ 27.vii.-10.viii.
D i s t r i b u t i o n: Known from Turkey, new record for Georgia and the Caucasus region.
description: Published as part of Riedel, Pénigot, Schwarz, Diller, Johansson & Japoshvili, G., 2023, Darwin wasps (Hymenoptera, Ichneumonidae) of the Kintrishi National Park, Sakartvelo (Georgia), with descriptions of six new species, pp. 61-153 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 55 (1) on page 124, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.10788481
H1N1pdm in the Americas
Creators: name: Aguilera, X
name: dos Santos, T
name: Brookmeyer, R
name: Cummings, D.A.T
name: Lessler, J
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: In late April 2009 the emergence of 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1pdm) virus was detected in humans. From its detection through July 18th, 2009, confirmed cases of H1N1pdm in the Americas were periodically reported to the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) by member states. Because the Americas span much of the world's latitudes, this data provides an excellent opportunity to examine variation in H1N1pdm transmission by season.Using reports from PAHO member states from April 26th, 2009 through July 18th, 2009, we characterize the early spread of the H1N1 pandemic in the Americas. For a geographically representative sample of member states we estimate the reproductive number (R) of H1N1pdm over the reporting period. The association between these estimates and latitude, temperature, humidity and population age structure was estimated.Estimates of the peak reproductive number of H1N1pdm ranged from 1.3 (for Panama, Colombia) to 2.1 (for Chile). We found that reproductive number estimates were most associated with latitude in both univariate and multivariate analyses. To the extent that latitude is a proxy for seasonal changes in climate and behavior, this association suggests a strong seasonal component to H1N1pdm transmission. However, the reasons for this seasonality remain unclear.
title: Piracy and Sixteenth-Century Ireland A Social History of Ireland's Contribution to Pre-Golden Age Piracy
Creators: name: Manning, IK
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2016

description: This thesis examines a selection of High Court of Admiralty depositions pertaining to Ireland in the sixteenth-century. The seventeenth-century ushered in the ‘Golden Age’ of piracy as well as the plantation of southern Ireland by pirates. Prior to this, the Irish Sea was already active with ‘gentlemen of fortune’ plying their trade, acting as pawns of war, and providing goods through a black-market; thus creating the foundations for the expansion that followed. This thesis analyses the nature of piracy and its relationship with Ireland during the sixteenth century, by illustrating who may have gained from acts of seaborne depredation; and will further illuminate why the island was such a choice location for pirates to operate from and later relocate to. Following a political overview of sixteenth-century Ireland this thesis will cover three chapters, each focusing on a different level of society that benefited from piracy. Each section will analyses a set of cases, comprised of individual depositions, to understand the relationship of ‘political’ piracy, ‘official’ piracy and ‘buyer and merchant’ piracy in the context of Pre-Golden Age Ireland. The sources used in this study from the High Court of Admiralty are a resource that have remained largely untapped. The collection has yet to be edited and translated fully. The manuscripts held in the National Archives also remain un-digitized and are at risk of being lost from damage and general degradation. The present work helps to highlight the value of the Court of Admiralty records. The scans presented in the appendices and enclosed pen drive ensures the preservation of this important data as it relates to Ireland in the sixteenth century.
Electronic commerce publications and the implications for research quality output in Australia
Creators: name: Scheepers, Rens
name: Scheepers, Helana
name: Fisher, Julie
Publisher: name: Swinburne
Year: 2024

description: Australian universities and academics will soon see a major change in the way research is reported and funded. It is expected that by 2008, according to the most recent timetable (Bishop 2006), the Research Quality Framework (RQF) will be implemented. The result of the announcement has been an increased activity within universities focusing on the proposed criteria. The proposed RQF will seek to have research assessed according to quality and impact. Part of both quality and impact relates to where research is published. For academics it will be increasingly important to target high quality journals if the research is to be rated as high quality. The question this raises for Information Systems academics is where do we publish for maximum impact? The Information Systems (IS) field is diverse with researchers working in many areas and a publication outlet for one area may not be relevant for another. One area where many Australian IS researchers have focused their research interest is the field of electronic commerce (e-commerce). The research reported in this paper identified the publication outlets that would be regarded as amongst the highest quality for researchers wishing to publish e-commerce research. The authors analysed e-commerce research papers by Australian researchers published in the period 2000 to 2005. The results describe where Australian researchers are publishing in this field. The paper also provides guidance to those working in the e-commerce field on which journals and conferences to target to ensure their work rates highly in terms of the RQF.