cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Tactical cooperation of defectors in a multi-stage public goods game
Creators: name: Szolnoki, Attila
name: Chen, Xiaojie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The basic social dilemma is frequently captured by a public goods game where participants decide simultaneously whether to support a common pool or not and after the enhanced contributions are distributed uniformly among all competitors. What if the result of common efforts is {\it not} distributed immediately, but it is reinvested and added to the pool for a next round? This extension may not only result in an enhanced benefit for group members but also opens new strategies for involved players because they may act in distinct rounds differently. In this work we focus on the simplest case when two rounds are considered, but the applied multiplication factors dedicated to a certain round can be different. We show that in structured populations the winning strategy may depend sensitively on the ratio of these factors and the last round has a special importance to reach a fully cooperative state. We also observe that it may pay for defectors to support the first round and after enjoy the extra benefit of accumulated contributions. Full cooperator strategy is only viable if the second round ensures a premium benefit of investments.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in Chaos Solitons and Fractals
Localization of Metal-Induced Gap States at the Metal-Insulator Interface:Origin of Flux Noise in SQUIDs and Superconducting Qubits
Creators: name: Choi, SangKook
name: Lee, Dung-Hai
name: Louie, Steven G.
name: Clarke, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The origin of magnetic flux noise in Superconducting Quantum Interference Devices with a power spectrum scaling as $1/f$ ($f$ is frequency) has been a puzzle for over 20 years. This noise limits the decoherence time of superconducting qubits. A consensus has emerged that the noise arises from fluctuating spins of localized electrons with an areal density of $5\times10^{17}$m$^{-2}$. We show that, in the presence of potential disorder at the metal-insulator interface, some of the metal-induced gap states become localized and produce local moments. A modest level of disorder yields the observed areal density.
Coherent manipulation of magnetization precession in ferromagnetic semiconductor (Ga,Mn)As with successive optical pumping
Creators: name: Hashimoto, Y.
name: Munekata, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report dynamic control of magnetization precession by light alone. A ferromagnetic (Ga,Mn)As epilayer was used for experiments. Amplitude of precession was modulated to a large extent by tuning the time interval between two successive optical pump pulses which induced torques on magnetization through a non-thermal process. Nonlinear effect in precession motion was also discussed.
description: 3 pages, 4 figures, Submitted to APL
Percolation transition and distribution of connected components in generalized random network ensembles
Creators: name: Bradde, Serena
name: Bianconi, Ginestra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study the percolation transition and large deviation properties of generalized canonical network ensembles. This new type of random networks might have a very rich complex structure, including high heterogeneous degree sequences, non-trivial community structure or specific spatial dependence of the link probability for networks embedded in a metric space. We find the cluster distribution of the networks in these ensembles by mapping the problem to a fully connected Potts model with heterogeneous couplings. We show that the nature of the Potts model phase transition, linked to the birth of a giant component, has a crossover from second to first order when the number of critical colors $q_c = 2$ in all the networks under study. These results shed light on the properties of dynamical processes defined on these network ensembles.
description: 27 pages, 15 figures
Quantum interference in superposed lattices
Creators: name: Feng, Yejun
name: Wang, Yishu
name: Rosenbaum, T. F.
name: Littlewood, P. B.
name: Chen, Hua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Charge transport in solids at low temperature reveals a material's mesoscopic properties and structure. Under a magnetic field, Shubnikov-de Haas (SdH) oscillations inform complex quantum transport phenomena that are not limited by the ground state characteristics. Here, in elemental metal Cr with two incommensurately superposed lattices of ions and a spin-density-wave ground state, we reveal that the phases of several low-frequency SdH oscillations in sigma_xx (rho_xx) and sigma_yy (rho_yy) are opposite, contrast with oscillations from normal cyclotron orbits that maintain identical phases. We trace the origin of the low frequency SdH oscillations to quantum interference effects arising from the incommensurate orbits of Cr's superposed reciprocal lattices, and explain the observed pi-phase shift by the reconnection of anisotropic joint open and closed orbits.
MILC results for light pseudoscalars
Creators: name: Bazavov, A.
name: Bernard, C.
name: DeTar, C.
name: Du, X.
name: Freeman, W.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, Urs M.
name: Hetrick, J. E.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Osborn, J.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the latest preliminary results of the MILC collaboration's analysis of the light pseudoscalar meson sector. The analysis includes data from new ensembles with smaller lattice spacings, smaller light quark masses and lighter-than-physical strange quark masses. Both SU(2) and SU(3) chiral fits, including NNLO chiral logarithms, are shown. We give results for decay constants, quark masses, Gasser-Leutwyler low energy constants, and condensates in the two- and three-flavor chiral limits.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures; Contribution to the 6th International Workshop on Chiral Dynamics, CD09, July 6-10, 2009, Bern, Switzerland; To appear as PoS CD09 (2009) 007
Solutions with pure radiation and gyratons in 3D massive gravity theories
Creators: name: Kilicarslan, Ercan
name: Kolář, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find exact solutions of topologically massive gravity (TMG) and new massive gravity (NMG) in ${2+1}$ dimensions (3D) with an arbitrary cosmological constant, pure radiation, and gyratons, i.e., with possibly non-zero $T_{uu}$ and $T_{ux}$ in canonical coordinates. Since any `reasonable' geometry in 3D (i.e., admitting a null geodesic congruence) is either expanding Robinson-Trautman ($Θ\neq 0$) or Kundt (${Θ=0}$), we focus on these two classes. Assuming expansions ${Θ=1/r}$ (`GR-like' Robinson-Trautman) or ${Θ=0}$ (general Kundt), we systematically integrate the field equations of TMG and NMG and identify new classes of exact solutions. The case of NMG contains an additional assumption of $g_{ux}$ being quadratic in $r$, which is automatically enforced in TMG as well as in 3D GR. In each case, we reduce the field equations as much as possible and identify new classes of solutions. We also discuss various special subclasses and study some explicit solutions.
description: 16 pages
RoSSO: A High-Performance Python Package for Robotic Surveillance Strategy Optimization Using JAX
Creators: name: John, Yohan
name: Hughes, Connor
name: Diaz-Garcia, Gilberto
name: Marden, Jason R.
name: Bullo, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: To enable the computation of effective randomized patrol routes for single- or multi-robot teams, we present RoSSO, a Python package designed for solving Markov chain optimization problems. We exploit machine-learning techniques such as reverse-mode automatic differentiation and constraint parametrization to achieve superior efficiency compared to general-purpose nonlinear programming solvers. Additionally, we supplement a game-theoretic stochastic surveillance formulation in the literature with a novel greedy algorithm and multi-robot extension. We close with numerical results for a police district in downtown San Francisco that demonstrate RoSSO's capabilities on our new formulations and the prior work.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables, submitted to the 2024 IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation. See https://github.com/conhugh/RoSSO for associated codebase
Standard Model Predictions for the Muon $(g-2)/2$
Creators: name: Eidelman, S. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The current status of the Standard Model predictions for the muon anomalous magnetic moment is described. Various contributions expected in the Standard Model are discussed. After the reevaluation of the leading-order hadronic term based on the new \ep data, the theoretical prediction is more than three standard deviations lower than the experimental value.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures, Talk at the X Workshop on $\tau$ Lepton Physics
Controllable Video Captioning with an Exemplar Sentence
Creators: name: Yuan, Yitian
name: Ma, Lin
name: Wang, Jingwen
name: Zhu, Wenwu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate a novel and challenging task, namely controllable video captioning with an exemplar sentence. Formally, given a video and a syntactically valid exemplar sentence, the task aims to generate one caption which not only describes the semantic contents of the video, but also follows the syntactic form of the given exemplar sentence. In order to tackle such an exemplar-based video captioning task, we propose a novel Syntax Modulated Caption Generator (SMCG) incorporated in an encoder-decoder-reconstructor architecture. The proposed SMCG takes video semantic representation as an input, and conditionally modulates the gates and cells of long short-term memory network with respect to the encoded syntactic information of the given exemplar sentence. Therefore, SMCG is able to control the states for word prediction and achieve the syntax customized caption generation. We conduct experiments by collecting auxiliary exemplar sentences for two public video captioning datasets. Extensive experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach on generating syntax controllable and semantic preserved video captions. By providing different exemplar sentences, our approach is capable of producing different captions with various syntactic structures, thus indicating a promising way to strengthen the diversity of video captioning.
Moral principles and moral education
Creators: name: Parkinson, Shirley Lorraine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: Most writers on moral education see moral principles as central to that enterprise. The aim of moral education is to produce moral persons and that, it is believed, is achieved by getting students to grasp, or to develop, moral principles. It is important, therefore, for anyone engaged in moral education, or for anyone developing or assessing programs of moral education, to have a clear understanding of just what moral principles are. This paper is an attempt to become clearer about what moral principles are and in what ways they are important to moral education. The approach taken consists in first considering the theory of moral development put forward as a basis of moral education by Professor Lawrence Kohlberg who has to date, done the most extensive work in this area. Second, the question 'What is a moral principle?' is examined at length and arguments presented for the view that there are two distinct and equally important senses of moral principle. In the light of this examination a critique is offered of Professor Kohlberg's account of the nature of moral principles. Finally, consideration is given to the task of moral education.
Matrix metalloproteinases as new targets in Alzheimer's disease: Opportunities and Challenges
Creators: name: Zipfel, Pauline
name: Rochais, Christophe
name: Baranger, Kévin
name: Rivera, Santiago
name: Dallemagne, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Although matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are implicated in the regulation of numerous physiological processes, evidences of their pathological roles have also been obtained in the last decades, making MMPs attractive therapeutic targets for several diseases. Recent discoveries of their involvement in central nervous system (CNS) disorders, and in particular in Alzheimer's disease (AD), have paved the way to consider MMP modulators as promising therapeutic strategies. Over the past few decades, diverse approaches have been undertaken in the design of
Chameleon scalar fields in relativistic gravitational backgrounds
Creators: name: Tsujikawa, Shinji
name: Tamaki, Takashi
name: Tavakol, Reza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the field profile of a scalar field $ϕ$ that couples to a matter fluid (dubbed a chameleon field) in the relativistic gravitational background of a spherically symmetric spacetime. Employing a linear expansion in terms of the gravitational potential $Φ_c$ at the surface of a compact object with a constant density, we derive the thin-shell field profile both inside and outside the object, as well as the resulting effective coupling with matter, analytically. We also carry out numerical simulations for the class of inverse power-law potentials $V(ϕ)=M^{4+n} ϕ^{-n}$ by employing the information provided by our analytical solutions to set the boundary conditions around the centre of the object and show that thin-shell solutions in fact exist if the gravitational potential $Φ_c$ is smaller than 0.3, which marginally covers the case of neutron stars. Thus the chameleon mechanism is present in the relativistic gravitational backgrounds, capable of reducing the effective coupling. Since thin-shell solutions are sensitive to the choice of boundary conditions, our analytic field profile is very helpful to provide appropriate boundary conditions for $Φ_c \lesssim O(0.1)$.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
The Correlation Calibration of PAPER-64 data
Creators: name: Gogo, Tamirat G.
name: Ma, Yin-Zhe
name: Kittiwisit, Piyanat
name: Sievers, Jonathan L.
name: Parsons, Aaron R.
name: Pober, Jonathan C.
name: Jacobs, Daniel C.
name: Cheng, Carina
name: Kolopanis, Matthew
name: Liu, Adrian
name: Kohn, Saul A.
name: Aguirre, James E.
name: Ali, Zaki S.
name: Bernardi, Gianni
name: Bradley, Richard F.
name: DeBoer, David R.
name: Dexter, Matthew R.
name: Dillon, Joshua S.
name: Klima, Pat
name: MacMahon, David H. E.
name: Moore, David F.
name: Nunhokee, Chuneeta D.
name: Walbrugh, William P.
name: Walker, Andre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observation of redshifted 21-cm signal from the Epoch of Reionization (EoR) is challenging due to contamination from the bright foreground sources that exceed the signal by several orders of magnitude. The removal of this very high foreground relies on accurate calibration to keep the intrinsic property of the foreground with frequency. Commonly employed calibration techniques for these experiments are the sky model-based and the redundant baseline-based calibration approaches. However, the sky model-based and redundant baseline-based calibration methods could suffer from sky-modeling error and array redundancy imperfection issues, respectively. In this work, we introduce the hybrid correlation calibration ("CorrCal") scheme, which aims to bridge the gap between redundant and sky-based calibration by relaxing redundancy of the array and including sky information into the calibration formalisms. We demonstrate the slight improvement of power spectra, about $-6\%$ deviation at the bin right on the horizon limit of the foreground wedge-like structure, relative to the power spectra before the implementation of "CorrCal" to the data from the Precision Array for Probing the Epoch of Reionization (PAPER) experiment, which was otherwise calibrated using redundant baseline calibration. This small improvement of the foreground power spectra around the wedge limit could be suggestive of reduced spectral structure in the data after "CorrCal" calibration, which lays the foundation for future improvement of the calibration algorithm and implementation method.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, MNRAS in press
On Indirect CP Violation and Implications for D0-\overline{D0} and Bs -\overline{Bs} mixing
Creators: name: Kagan, Alexander L.
name: Sokoloff, Michael D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The two kinds of indirect CP violation in neutral meson systems are related, in the absence of new weak phases in decay. The result is a model-independent expression relating CP violation in mixing, CP violation in the interference of decays with and without mixing, and the meson mass and width differences. It relates the semileptonic and time-dependent CP asymmetries; and CP-conjugate pairs of time-dependent $D^0$ CP asymmetries. CP violation in the interference of decays with and without mixing is related to the mixing parameters of relevance to model building: the off-diagonal mixing matrix elements |M12|, |Gamma12|, and phi12 = arg(M12 /Gamma12). Incorporating this relation into a fit to the D0 -\overline{D0} mixing data implies a level of sensitivity to |phiD12| of 0.10 [rad] at 1 sigma. The formalism is extended to include new weak phases in decay, and in Gamma12. The phases are highly constrained by direct CP violation measurements. Consequently, the bounds on |phiD12| are not significantly altered, and the effects of new weak phases in decay could be difficult to observe at a high luminosity flavor factory (D0) or at the LHC (Bs) via violations of the above relations, unlike in direct CP violation.
description: 15 pages, no figures
Gd3+ rattling triggered by a "weak" M-I transition at 140-160 K in the Ce1-xGdxFe4$P12 x ~ 0.001 skutterudite compounds: an ESR study
Creators: name: Garcia, F. A.
name: Duque, J. G. S.
name: Pagliuso, P. G.
name: Rettori, C.
name: Fisk, Z.
name: Oseroff, S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work we report electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements in the semiconducting Ce1-xGdxFe4P12 (x ~ 0.001) filled skutterudite compounds. Investigation of the temperature (T) dependence of the ESR spectra and relaxation process suggests, that in the T-interval of 140-160 K, the onset of a "weak" metal-insulator (M-I) transition takes place due to the increasing density of thermally activated carriers across the semiconducting gap of ~ 1500 K. In addition, the observed low-T fine and hyperfine structures start to collapse at ~ 140 K and is completely absent for > 160 K. We claim that the increasing carrier density is able to trigger the rattling of the Gd3+ ions which in turn is responsible, via a motional narrowing mechanism, for the collapse of the ESR spectra.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures, presented at QCNP2009, to appear in pssb
Extracting seizure onset from surface EEG with Independent Component Analysis: insights from simultaneous scalp and intracerebral EEG
Creators: name: Barborica, Andrei
name: Mindruta, Ioana
name: Sheybani, Laurent
name: Spinelli, Laurent
name: Oane, Irina
name: Pistol, Constantin
name: Donos, Cristian
name: López-Madrona, Victor J
name: Vulliemoz, Serge
name: Bénar, Christian
name: López-Madrona, Víctor
name: Bénar, Christian-George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The success of stereoelectroencephalographic (SEEG) investigations depends crucially on the hypotheses on the putative location of the seizure onset zone. This information is derived from non-invasive data either based on visual analysis or advanced source localization algorithms. While source localization applied to interictal spikes recorded on scalp is the classical method, it does not provide unequivocal information regarding the seizure onset zone. Raw ictal activity contains a mixture of signals originating from several regions of the brain as well as EMG artifacts, hampering direct input to the source localization algorithms. We therefore introduce a methodology that disentangles the various sources contributing to the scalp ictal activity using independent component analysis and uses equivalent current dipole localization as putative locus of ictal sources. We validated the results of our analysis pipeline by performing long-term simultaneous scalp -- intracerebral (SEEG) recordings in 14 patients and analyzing the wavelet coherence between the independent component encoding the ictal discharge and the SEEG signals in 8 patients passing the inclusion criteria. Our results show that invasively recorded ictal onset patterns, including low-voltage fast activity, can be captured by the independent component analysis of scalp EEG. The visibility of the ictal activity strongly depends on the depth of the sources. The equivalent current dipole localization can point to the seizure onset zone (SOZ) with an accuracy that can be as high as 10mm for superficially located sources, that gradually decreases for deeper seizure generators, averaging at 47 mm in the 8 analyzed patients. Independent component analysis is therefore shown to have a promising SOZ localizing value, indicating whether the seizure onset zone is neocortical, and its approximate location, or located in mesial structures. That may contribute to a better crafting of the hypotheses used as basis of the stereo-EEG implantations.
Two energy gaps and Fermi surface 'arcs' in NbSe2
Creators: name: Borisenko, S. V.
name: Kordyuk, A. A.
name: Zabolotnyy, V. B.
name: Inosov, D. S.
name: Evtushinsky, D.
name: Buechner, B.
name: Yaresko, A. N.
name: Varykhalov, A.
name: Follath, R.
name: Eberhardt, W.
name: Patthey, L.
name: Berger, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), we report on the direct observation of the energy gap in 2H-NbSe2 caused by the charge-density waves (CDW). The gap opens in the regions of the momentum space connected by the CDW vectors, which implies a nesting mechanism of CDW formation. In remarkable analogy with the pseudogap in cuprates, the detected energy gap also exists in the normal state (T>T0) where it breaks the Fermi surface into 'arcs', it is non-monotonic as a function of temperature with a local minimum at the CDW transition temperature (T0) and it forestalls the superconducting gap by excluding the nested portions of the Fermi surface from participating in superconductivity.
description: Related work http://www.ifw-dresden.de/institutes/iff/research/SC/arpes
Design an X-band frequency synthesizer.
Creators: name: H, Ameri
name: A, Attaran
name: Moghavvemi, M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 400802
subject: Electrical circuits and systems
classificationCode: 400899
subject: Electrical engineering not elsewhere classified
classificationCode: 400901
subject: Analog electronics and interfaces
classificationCode: 400902
subject: Digital electronic devices
classificationCode: 400905
subject: Electronic instrumentation
classificationCode: 400907
subject: Industrial electronics
classificationCode: 400908
subject: Microelectronics
classificationCode: 400913
subject: Radio frequency engineering

description: The objective of this frequency synthesizer design is to achieve exceptional performance standards—specifically, low phase noise and heightened reliability—tailored for X-band digital microwave radio applications. Leveraging a commercial device as the foundational component, this design integrates advanced frequency tripling techniques. The primary emphasis lies in meticulously crafting a system that delivers precise frequency generation within the X-band range while significantly minimizing phase noise, a critical factor in ensuring signal quality. By employing innovative frequency tripling methods alongside a commercial device, this synthesizer aims to enhance the stability and dependability of X-band digital microwave radio applications, catering to the stringent demands of modern communication systems requiring impeccable signal integrity and reliability.
An introduction to $p$-adic $L$-functions
Creators: name: Jacinto, Joaquín Rodrigues
name: Williams, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: These expository notes introduce $p$-adic $L$-functions and the foundations of Iwasawa theory. We focus on Kubota--Leopoldt's $p$-adic analogue of the Riemann zeta function, which we describe in three different ways. We first present a measure-theoretic (analytic) $p$-adic interpolation of special values of the Riemann zeta function. Next, we describe Coleman's (arithmetic) construction via cyclotomic units. Finally, we examine Iwasawa's (algebraic) construction via Galois modules over the Iwasawa algebra.
 The Iwasawa Main conjecture, now a theorem due to Mazur and Wiles, says that these constructions agree. We will state the conjecture precisely, and give a proof when $p$ is a Vandiver prime (which conjecturally covers every prime). Throughout, we discuss generalisations of these constructions and their connections to modern research directions in number theory.
description: Revised version of the lecture notes. To appear in Essential Number Theory
Superconductivity up to 30 K in the vicinity of quantum critical point in BaFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$
Creators: name: Jiang, Shuai
name: Xing, Hui
name: Xuan, Guofang
name: Wang, Cao
name: Ren, Zhi
name: Feng, Chunmu
name: Dai, Jianhui
name: Xu, Zhu'an
name: Cao, Guanghan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report bulk superconductivity induced by an isovalent doping of phosphorus in BaFe$_{2}$(As$_{1-x}$P$_{x}$)$_{2}$. The P-for-As substitution results in shrinkage of lattice, especially for the FeAs block layers. The resistivity anomaly associated with the spin-density-wave (SDW) transition in the undoped compound is gradually suppressed by the P doping. Superconductivity with the maximum $T_c$ of 30 K emerges at $x$=0.32, coinciding with a magnetic quantum critical point (QCP) which is evidenced by the disappearance of SDW order and the linear temperature-dependent resistivity in the normal state. The $T_c$ values were found to decrease with further P doping, and no superconductivity was observed down to 2 K for $x\geq$ 0.77. The appearance of superconductivity in the vicinity of QCP hints to the superconductivity mechanism in iron-based arsenides.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; more data; to appear in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter
Plantes médicinales et maladies chroniques: Mésusage des plantes médicinales
Creators: name: Bousta, Dalila
name: Ennabili, Abdeslam
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 110499 Complementary and Alternative Medicine not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Diseases

description: Why are medicinal plants being used increasingly?
Equivariant quantizations for AHS--structures
Creators: name: Cap, Andreas
name: Silhan, Josef
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53A40, 53B15, 58J70; 53A20, 53A30

description: We construct an explicit scheme to associate to any potential symbol an operator acting between sections of natural bundles (associated to irreducible representations) for a so-called AHS-structure. Outside of a finite set of critical (or resonant) weights, this procedure gives rise to a quantization, which is intrinsic to this geometric structure. In particular, this provides projectively and conformally equivariant quantizations for arbitrary symbols on general (curved) projective and conformal structures.
description: 19 pages, no figures
Newtonian perturbations and the Einstein-Yang-Mills-dilaton equations
Creators: name: Oliynyk, Todd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we show that problem of proving the existence of a countable number of solutions to the static spherically symmetric SU(2) Einstein-Yang-Mills-dilaton (EYMd) equations can be reduced to proving the non-existence of solutions to the linearized Yang-Mills-dilaton equations (lYMd) satisfying certain asymptotic conditions. The reduction from a non-linear to a linear problem is achieved using a Newtonian perturbation type argument.
description: May differ slightly from the published version
On the metal abundances inside mixed-morphology supernova remnants: the case of IC443 and G166.0+4.3
Creators: name: Bocchino, F.
name: Miceli, M.
name: Troja, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent developments on the study of mixed morphology supernova remnants (MMSNRs) have revealed the presence of metal rich X-ray emitting plasma inside a fraction of these remnant, a feature not properly addressed by traditional models for these objects. Radial profiles of thermodynamical and chemical parameters are needed for a fruitful comparison of data and model of MMSNRs, but these are available only in a few cases. We analyze XMM-Newton data of two MMSNRs, namely IC443 and G166.0+4.3, previously known to have solar metal abundances, and we perform spatially resolved spectral analysis of the X-ray emission. We detected enhanced abundances of Ne, Mg and Si in the hard X-ray bright peak in the north of IC443, and of S in the outer regions of G166.0+4.3. The metal abundances are not distributed uniformly in both remnants. The evaporating clouds model and the radiative SNR model fail to reproduce consistently all the observational results. We suggest that further deep X-ray observations of MMSNRs may reveal more metal rich objects. More detailed models which include ISM-ejecta mixing are needed to explain the nature of this growing subclass of MMSNRs.
description: A&A in press. For journal style pdf file, http://www.astropa.unipa.it/Library/OAPA_preprints/fb10742.pdf
On Possible Variation in the Cosmological Baryon Fraction
Creators: name: Holder, Gilbert P.
name: Nollett, Kenneth M.
name: van Engelen, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fraction of matter that is in the form of baryons or dark matter could have spatial fluctuations in the form of baryon-dark matter isocurvature fluctuations. We use big bang nucleosynthesis calculations compared with observed light element abundances as well as galaxy cluster gas fractions to constrain cosmological variations in the baryon fraction. Light element abundances constrain spatial variations to be less than 26-27%, while a sample of "relaxed" galaxy clusters shows spatial variations in gas fractions less than 8%. Larger spatial variations could cause differential screening of the primary cosmic microwave background anisotropies, leading to asymmetries in the fluctuations and ease some tension with the halo-star 7Li abundance. Fluctuations within our allowed bounds can lead to "B-mode" CMB polarization anisotropies at a non-negligible level.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, submitted to ApJ
Electron-phonon interaction in the dynamics of trap filling in quantum dots
Creators: name: Monreal, R. Carmina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze theoretically the effects of electron-phonon interaction in the dynamics of an electron that can be trapped to a localized state and detrapped to an extended band state of a small quantum dot (QD) using a simple model system. In spite of its simplicity the time dependent model has no analytical solution but a numerically exact one can be found producing a rich dynamics. The electronic motion is quasi-periodic in time, with oscillations around a mean value that are basic characteristics of the weak and strong coupling regimes of electron-phonon interaction and set the time scales of the system. Using values of the parameters appropriate for defects in semiconductor QDs, we find these time scales to range typically from tenths of picoseconds to a few picoseconds. The values of the time averaged trap occupancy strongly depend on the the strength of the electron-phonon interaction and can be as large as 40$\%$ when the coupling is most efficient, independently of other parameters. An interesting result of the present work is the formation of resonances at specific values of the electron-phonon coupling parameter that only exist when several levels are allowed to coherently cooperate in the filling of the trap. They are characterized by a trap occupancy that is a periodic function of time with large amplitude and period picturing an electron that is periodically trapped and detrapped. We conclude that the formation of these resonances is a robust consequence of electron-phonon interaction in small systems. Electron-phonon interaction is an efficient mechanism that can provide ca. 50$\%$ filling of a deep trap state on a subpicoseconds to picoseconds time scale, much faster than radiative decay occurring in time scales of tens of picoseconds to nanoseconds, while the occupancy of this state will be smaller than ca. 1$\%$ in the absence of electron-phonon coupling.
Data and code for "Sexual coordination in a whole-brain map of prairie vole pair bonding"
Creators: name: Gustison, Morgan
name: Muñoz-Castañeda, Rodrigo
name: Osten, Pavel
name: Phelps, Steven
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310901
subject: Animal behaviour
classificationCode: 310906
subject: Animal neurobiology
classificationCode: 520202
subject: Behavioural neuroscience
classificationCode: 520207
subject: Social and affective neuroscience

description: This project contains source data and code, along with the prairie vole reference brain and atlas, for the following manuscript:Morgan L. Gustison, Rodrigo Muñoz Castañeda, Pavel Osten, Steven M. Phelps (2023) Sexual coordination in a whole-brain map of prairie vole pair bonding. eLife. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.87029.1
Studies of the Diffuse Interstellar Bands. III. HD 183143
Creators: name: Hobbs, L. M.
name: York, D. G.
name: Thorburn, J. A.
name: Snow, T. P.
name: Bishof, M.
name: Friedman, S. D.
name: McCall, B. J.
name: Oka, T.
name: Rachford, B.
name: Sonnentrucker, P.
name: Welty, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Echelle spectra of HD 183143 [B7Iae, E(B-V) = 1.27] were obtained on three nights, at a resolving power R = 38,000 and with a signal-to-noise ratio ~1000 at 6400 A in the final, combined spectrum. A catalog is presented of 414 diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) measured between 3900 and 8100 A in this spectrum. The central wavelengths, the widths (FWHM), and the equivalent widths of nearly all of the bands are tabulated, along with the minimum uncertainties in the latter. Among the 414 bands, 135 (or 33%) were not reported in four previous, modern surveys of the DIBs in the spectra of various stars, including HD 183143. The principal result of this study is that the great majority of the bands in the catalog are very weak and fairly narrow. Typical equivalent widths amount to a few mA, and the bandwidths (FWHM) are most often near 0.7 A. No preferred wavenumber spacings among the 414 bands are identified which could provide clues to the identities of the large molecules thought to cause the DIBs. At generally comparable detection limits in both spectra, the population of DIBs observed toward HD 183143 is systematically redder, broader, and stronger than that seen toward HD 204827 (Paper II). In addition, interstellar lines of C2 molecules have not been detected toward HD 183143, while a very high value of N(C2)/E(B-V) is observed toward HD 204827. Therefore, either the abundances of the large molecules presumed to give rise to the DIBs, or the physical conditions in the absorbing clouds, or both, must differ significantly between the two cases.
description: Additional data and figures available at http://dibdata.org. To appear as Astrophysical Journal, 705, 32-45 (Nov. 1, 2009)
title: The State of Labour Market Churn in Canada
Creators: name: Kostyshyna, Olena
name: Lu, Corrine
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2019

description: The literature highlights that labour market churn, including job-to-job transitions, is a key element of wage growth. Using microdata from the Labour Force Survey, we compute measures of labour market churn and compare these with pre-crisis averages to assess implications for wage growth.
description: La réallocation de la main-d’oeuvre, notamment les transitions entre emplois, est présentée dans la littérature comme un facteur explicatif important de la progression des salaires. À partir des microdonnées de l’Enquête sur la population active, nous calculons des indicateurs de la réallocation de la main-d’oeuvre, et comparons les résultats récents aux moyennes d’avant-crise afin d’en tirer les conséquences pour la croissance des salaires.
Comedy, tragicomedy, and humour in the novels of Sara Jeannette Duncan
Creators: name: Hughes, Susan Elizabeth Simpson
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In Chapter I, I identify a comic vision which is at the core of Miss Duncan's art. The comic vision is characterized by an intuitive sense of actuality and illusion, and an exuberant joy for life; its medium is social reality. The comic vision coupled with an internal point of view culminates in tragicomedy. With an external point of view Miss Duncan's empathy for her characters commonly asserts itself and turns comedy into humour. In Chapter II, I demonstrate that the intent of Miss Duncan's purely comic sketches is primarily social correction. Miss Duncan believes that ideally all human endeavours, including social behaviour, should be based upon self-knowledge and self-acceptance. When human activity lacks these virtues, artificial conventions emerge. In social life those who imitate these conventions, and those who revolt against them, constitute the unattractive bourgeoisie. In Chapter III, I have explored the role of emotions in comedy. As Miss Duncan realized, man is attracted to the suppleness of successful comic characters; our natural predilection is for the vital, and our intellect constantly seeks to impose morality on this primitive emotion. The essential disparity between tragicomedy and humour lies in the cosmological principle of the humourist which allows him to see life and death in a universal scheme. Miss Duncan is most properly a humourist who celebrates the grandeur of the human spirit that strives towards ideals, and lives amidst realities.
The impact of intrinsic magnetic field on the absorption signatures of elements probing the upper atmosphere of HD209458b
Creators: name: Khodachenko, M. L.
name: Shaikhislamov, I. F.
name: Lammer, H.
name: Miroshnichenko, I. B.
name: Rumenskikh, M. S.
name: Berezutsky, A. G.
name: Fossati, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The signs of an expanding atmosphere of HD209458b have been observed with far-ultraviolet transmission spectroscopy and in the measurements of transit absorption by metastable HeI. These observations are interpreted using the hydrodynamic and Monte-Carlo numerical simulations of various degree of complexity and consistency. At the same time, no attempt has been made to model atmospheric escape of a magnetized HD209458b, to see how the planetary magnetic field might affect the measured transit absorption lines. This paper presents the global 3D MHD self-consistent simulations of the expanding upper atmosphere of HD209458b interacting with the stellar wind, and models the observed HI (Lya), OI (1306 A), CII (1337 A), and HeI (10830 A) transit absorption features. We find that the planetary dipole magnetic field with the equatorial surface value of Bp = 1 G profoundly changes the character of atmospheric material outflow and the related absorption. We also investigate the formation of planetary magnetosphere in the stellar wind and show that its size is more determined by the escaping atmosphere flow rather than by the strength of magnetic field. Fitting of the simulation results to observations enables constraining the stellar XUV flux and He abundance at ~10 erg cm2/s (at 1 a.u.) and He/H=0.02, respectively, as well as setting an upper limit for the dipole magnetic field of Bp<0.1 G on the planetary surface at the equator. This implies that the magnetic dipole moment of HD209458b should be less than 0.06 of the Jovian value.
Non-Hermitian control of localization in mosaic photonic lattices
Creators: name: Longhi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring the deep insights into localization, disorder, and wave transport in non-Hermitian systems is an emergent area of research of relevance in different areas of physics. Engineered photonic lattices, with spatial regions of optical gain and loss, provide a prime and simple physical platform for tailoring non-Hermitian Hamiltonians and for unveiling the intriguing interplay between disorder and non-Hermiticity. Here it is shown that in mosaic photonic lattices with on-site uncorrelated disorder or quasi-periodic order, the addition of uniform loss at alternating sites of the lattice results in the suppression or enhancement of wave spreading, thus providing a simple method for non-Hermitian control of wave transport in disordered systems. The results are illustrated by considering discrete-time quantum walks in synthetic photonic lattices.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Appl. Phys. Lett. (special issue on non-Hermitian photonics)
Discovery of HCCCO and C5O in TMC-1 with the QUIJOTE line survey
Creators: name: Cernicharo, J.
name: Agundez, M.
name: Cabezas, C.
name: Tercero, B.
name: Marcelino, N.
name: Fuentetaja, R.
name: Pardo, J. R.
name: de Vicente, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the detection, for the first time in space, of the radical HCCCO and of pentacarbon monoxide, C5O. The derived column densities are (1.6+/-0.2)e11 cm-2 and (1.5+/-0.2)e10 cm-2, respectively. We have also analysed the data for all the molecular species of the families HCnO and CnO within our QUIJOTE line survey. Upper limits are obtained for HC4O, HC6O, C4O, and C6O. We report a robust detection of HC5O and HC7O based on 14 and 12 rotational lines detected with a signal-to-noise ratio >30 and >5,respectively. The derived N(HC3O)/N(HC5O) abundance ratio is 0.09+/-0.03, while N(C3O)/N(C5O) is 80+/-2, and N(HC5O)/N(HC7O) is 2.2+/-0.3. As opposed to the cyanopolyyne family, HC2n+1N, which shows a continuous decrease in the abundances with increasing n, the CnO and HCnO species show a clear abundance maximum for n=3 and 5, respectively. They also show an odd and even abundance alternation, with odd values of n being the most abundant, which is reminiscent of the behaviour of CnH radicals, where in that case species with even values of n are more abundant. We explored the formation of these species through two mechanisms previously proposed, which are based on radiative associations between CnHm+ ions with CO and reactions of Cn- and CnH- anions with O atoms, and we found that several species, such as C5O, HC4O, and HC6O, are significantly overestimated. Our understanding of how these species are formed is incomplete as of yet. Other routes based on neutral-neutral reactions such as those of Cn and CnH carbon chains with O, OH, or HCO, could be behind the formation of these species.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A Letters on November 26th
title: Assessment of Liquidity Creation in the Canadian Banking System
Creators: name: Gnann, Annika
name: Kaya, Sahika
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
Year: 2019

description: Liquidity creation is a fundamental function of banks. It provides the public with easy access to funds. These funds are important because they allow households and businesses to consume and invest. In this note, we measure liquidity creation by Canadian financial institutions from the first quarter of 2012 to the second quarter of 2019, using a methodology suggested by Berger and Bouwman (2009) and known as the BB measure.
description: La création de liquidités est une fonction fondamentale des banques. Elle permet aux ménages et aux entreprises d’accéder facilement à des fonds, grâce auxquels ils peuvent consommer et investir. Dans la présente note, nous mesurons la création de liquidités des institutions financières canadiennes du premier trimestre de 2012 au deuxième trimestre de 2019, au moyen de la méthode suggérée par Berger et Bouwman (2009).