cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Economic Consequences of Political Turmoil
Creators: name: Korn, Tobias
Publisher: name: Hannover : Institutionelles Repositorium der Leibniz Universität Hannover
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Civil Conflict
subject: Economic Growth
subject: Economic Recovery
subject: Economic History
subject: Wirtschaftlicher Wiederaufbau
subject: Bürgerkrieg
subject: Wirtschaftliche Entwicklung
subject: Wirtschaftsgeschichte
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::300 | Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Anthropologie::330 | Wirtschaft

description: This thesis investigates the long-run consequences of political turmoil, and how economies recover from it. Four empirical studies provide evidence from different contexts and different types of civil violence. The first empirical study in Chapter 2 develops a novel measure of local conflict exposure, tests its determinants, and provides evidence from causal Shift-Share estimations that conflict exposure decreases economic activity in the medium run. Most importantly, this chapter points to an important heterogeneity in conflict resilience related to locations’ geographic characteristics; locations with spatially clustered population patterns are more likely to suffer persistent consequences of civil violence. Chapter 3 analyzes the general equilibrium effects of civil conflict in international trade relationships. Leveraging a novel estimation approach derived from the structural gravity model of international trade, the chapter shows that importers turn to alternative export providers when a trade partner decreases shipments during conflict, and that trade flows remain relocated even after the end of the conflict. Hence, civil conflicts have persistent negative effects on countries’ standing in international markets. The fourth chapter investigates the local effects of German casualties during World War I. This chapter draws from a new dataset compiled from, among other things, geocoding 8.5 million war casualties and digitizing historical census data. Continuous Difference-in-Differences estimations show that locations with more war casualties specialized on manufacturing employment, as employees lost in the emerging tertiary sector could not be compensated. We trace this vulnerability of the tertiary sector to its reliance on White Collar workers, who distinguished themselves with specific skills and education. Finally, Chapter 5 traces the individual long-run consequences of Kenya’s struggle for independence. In the 1950s, the so-called “Mau Mau” rebellion challenged the British colonial power, and was countered by the indiscriminate incarceration of people into re-education camps that belonged to tribes associated with the rebellion. Using a newly compiled dataset based on colonial records and historical census data, among other things, Triple-Differences estimations provide causal evidence that people that were subject to incarceration are less trusting, wealthy, and educated still 50 years later. This lack of trust can further explain ethnic voting patterns which culminated in the large-scale violence conflict after Kenya’s 2007 elections.
Equivalence of a compressible inviscid flow and the Bloch vector under the thermal Jaynes-Cummings model
Creators: name: Azuma, Hiroo
name: Ban, Masashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we show that the time evolution of the Bloch vector governed by the thermal Jaynes-Cummings model is equivalent to a compressible inviscid flow with zero vorticity. Because of its quasiperiodicity, the dynamics of the Bloch vector includes countably infinite angular momenta as integrals of motion. Moreover, to derive the Bloch vector, we trace out the Hilbert space of the cavity field and remove entanglement between the single atom and the cavity mode. These facts indicate that the dynamics of the Bloch vector can be described with a hidden-variable model that has local determinism and a countably infinite number of degrees of freedom. Our results fit these considerations.
description: v1: 19 pages, 5 eps figures, latex2e. Because the manuscript arXiv:1205.4308v2 was too long, it was divided into two parts. This manuscript is the second part of the original one. In the current paper, the discussions focus on the equivalence between the dynamics of a compressible fluid and the thermal Jaynes-Cummings model; v2: 21 pages, remarks about a hidden-variable model are added
Magnetically hidden state on the ground floor of the magnetic Devil's staircase
Creators: name: Imajo, Shusaku
name: Matsuyama, Naofumi
name: Nomura, Toshihiro
name: Kihara, Takumi
name: Nakamura, Shintao
name: Marcenat, Christophe
name: Klein, Thierry
name: Seyfarth, Gabriel
name: Zhong, Chengchao
name: Kageyama, Hiroshi
name: Kindo, Koichi
name: Momoi, Tsutomu
name: Kohama, Yoshimitsu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the low-temperature and high-field thermodynamic and ultrasonic properties of SrCu2(BO3)2, which exhibits various plateaux in its magnetization curve above 27~T, called a magnetic Devil's staircase. The results of the present study confirm that magnetic crystallization, the first step of the staircase, occurs above 27~T as a 1st-order transition accompanied by a sharp singularity in heat capacity $C_p$ and a kink in the elastic constant. In addition, we observe a thermodynamic anomaly at lower fields around 26~T, which has not been previously detected by any magnetic probes. At low temperatures, this magnetically hidden state has a large entropy and does not exhibit Schottky-type gapped behavior, which suggests the existence of low-energy collective excitations. Based on our observations and theoretical predictions, we propose that magnetic quadrupoles form a spin-nematic state around 26~T as a hidden state on the ground floor of the magnetic Devil's staircase.
Producing Magnetar Magnetic Fields in the Merger of Binary Neutron Stars
Creators: name: Giacomazzo, Bruno
name: Zrake, Jonathan
name: Duffell, Paul
name: MacFadyen, Andrew I.
name: Perna, Rosalba
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The merger of binary neutron stars (BNSs) can lead to large amplifications of the magnetic field due to the development of turbulence and instabilities in the fluid, such as the Kelvin-Helmholtz shear instability, which drive small-scale dynamo activity. In order to properly resolve such instabilities and obtain the correct magnetic field amplification, one would need to employ resolutions that are currently unfeasible in global general relativistic magnetohydrodynamic (GRMHD) simulations of BNS mergers. Here, we present a subgrid model that allows global simulations to take into account the small-scale amplification of the magnetic field which is caused by the development of turbulence during BNS mergers. Assuming dynamo saturation, we show that magnetar-level fields ($\sim 10^{16}\,{\rm G}$) can be easily reached, and should therefore be expected from the merger of magnetized BNSs. The total magnetic energy can reach values up to $\sim 10^{51}\,{\rm erg}$ and the post-merger remnant can therefore emit strong electromagnetic signals and possibly produce short gamma-ray bursts.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, small changes in the text to match version published on ApJ
Quantum Particle Motion in Physical Space
Creators: name: Samarin, A. Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81S40, 58D30

description: Using Feynman's representation of the quantum evolution and considering a quantum particle as a matter field (continuous medium), it is shown that individual particles of the field have unique paths of the motion. This allows describing motion of the quantum particle continuous medium by Lagrange's method. It is shown that form of the real individual particle path is determined by classical minimum action principle.
description: 5 pages
Training Generative Adversarial Networks for Optical Property Mapping using Synthetic Image Data
Creators: name: Osman, Ahmed
name: Crowley, Jane
name: Gordon, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We demonstrate training of a Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) for prediction of optical property maps (scattering and absorption) using spatial frequency domain imaging (SFDI) image data sets generated synthetically with free open-source 3D modelling and rendering software, Blender. The flexibility of Blender is exploited to simulate 3 models with real-life relevance to clinical SFDI of diseased tissue: flat samples, flat samples with spheroidal tumours and cylindrical samples with spheroidal tumours representing imaging inside a tubular organ e.g. the gastro-intestinal tract. In all 3 scenarios we show the GAN provides accurate reconstruction of optical properties from single SFDI images with mean normalised error ranging from 1-1.2% for absorption and 0.7-1.2% for scattering, resulting in visually improved contrast for tumour spheroid structures. This compares favourably with 25% absorption error and 10% scattering error achieved using GANs on experimental SFDI data. However, some of this improvement is due to lower noise and availability of perfect ground truths so we therefore cross-validate our synthetically-trained GAN with a GAN trained on experimental data and observe visually accurate results with error of <40% for absorption and <25% for scattering, due largely to the presence of spatial frequency mismatch artefacts. Our synthetically trained GAN is therefore highly relevant to real experimental samples, but provides significant added benefits of large training datasets, perfect ground-truths and the ability to test realistic imaging geometries, e.g. inside cylinders, for which no conventional single-shot demodulation algorithms exist. In future we expect that application of techniques such as domain adaptation or training on hybrid real-synthetic datasets will create a powerful tool for fast, accurate production of optical property maps from real clinical imaging systems.
description: 17 pages
Quantum Gravity Effect in Torsion Driven Inflation and CP violation
Creators: name: Choudhury, Sayantan
name: Pal, Barun Kumar
name: Basu, Banasri
name: Bandyopadhyay, Pratul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have derived an effective potential for inflationary scenario from torsion and quantum gravity correction in terms of the scalar field hidden in torsion. A strict bound on the CP violating $θ$ parameter, ${\cal O}(10^{-10})
description: 8 pages, 1 figure, Accepted for publication in JHEP
A multi-organ point cloud registration algorithm for abdominal CT registration
Creators: name: Joutard, Samuel
name: Pheiffer, Thomas
name: Audigier, Chloe
name: Wohlfahrt, Patrick
name: Dorent, Reuben
name: Piat, Sebastien
name: Vercauteren, Tom
name: Modat, Marc
name: Mansi, Tommaso
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Registering CT images of the chest is a crucial step for several tasks such as disease progression tracking or surgical planning. It is also a challenging step because of the heterogeneous content of the human abdomen which implies complex deformations. In this work, we focus on accurately registering a subset of organs of interest. We register organ surface point clouds, as may typically be extracted from an automatic segmentation pipeline, by expanding the Bayesian Coherent Point Drift algorithm (BCPD). We introduce MO-BCPD, a multi-organ version of the BCPD algorithm which explicitly models three important aspects of this task: organ individual elastic properties, inter-organ motion coherence and segmentation inaccuracy. This model also provides an interpolation framework to estimate the deformation of the entire volume. We demonstrate the efficiency of our method by registering different patients from the LITS challenge dataset. The target registration error on anatomical landmarks is almost twice as small for MO-BCPD compared to standard BCPD while imposing the same constraints on individual organs deformation.
description: Accepted at WBIR 2022
EFFECTS OF A HEEL LIFT ON THE BIOMECHANICS OF THE SQUAT
Creators: name: Murray, Donovyn
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: squat
kinetics
heel lift
weightlifting shoe

description: The squat is a fundamental exercise utilized in training regimens to improve activities of daily living, enhance exercise performance, develop injury resilience, and progress rehabilitation. Deficits in squat technique can be created by a variety of factors which can limit the effectiveness of the exercise and may even lead to injury. The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of heel lifts and ankle dorsiflexion on lower extremity joint moments during the squat exercise. Twenty-five resistance-trained subjects (12 men; 13 women) were recruited. Biomechanical analyses of the back-squat were recorded for 5 repetitions at 75% of one repetition maximum for each heel lift condition. There were 3 separate 2 (group: low ankle dorsiflexion vs. high ankle dorsiflexion) x 2 (condition: heel lift vs no heel lift) between-within repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) implemented to determine a significant interaction for ankle range of motion by heel lifts during the barbell back squat. No significant interaction was found at the ankle, knee, or hip. There was a significant main effect for ankle dorsiflexion on peak ankle moment (p = 0.045) and a significant main effect for heel lift condition on peak ankle moment (p = 0.006). Utilizing the heel lift amongst the forementioned groups could be utilized as a tool to progress the squat movement appropriately while preventing faulty movement patterns associated with ankle deficits or limits of anthropometry. The heel lift insert adds an alternative to dedicated weightlifting footwear.
Robust Layered Transmission in Secure MISO Multiuser Unicast Cognitive Radio Systems
Creators: name: Ng, Derrick Wing Kwan
name: Shaqfeh, Mohammad
name: Schober, Robert
name: Alnuweiri, Hussein
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies robust resource allocation algorithm design for a multiuser multiple-input single-output (MISO) cognitive radio (CR) downlink communication network. We focus on a secondary system which provides unicast secure wireless layered video information to multiple single-antenna secondary receivers. The resource allocation algorithm design is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem for minimization of the total transmit power at the secondary transmitter. The proposed framework takes into account a quality of service (QoS) requirement regarding video communication secrecy in the secondary system, the imperfection of the channel state information (CSI) of potential eavesdroppers (primary receivers) at the secondary transmitter, and a limit for the maximum tolerable received interference power at the primary receivers. Thereby, the proposed problem formulation exploits the self-protecting architecture of layered transmission and artificial noise generation to ensure communication secrecy. Semidefinite programming (SDP) relaxation is employed to derive a resource allocation algorithm which finds the global optimal solution to the formulated problem. Simulation results demonstrate significant transmit power savings and robustness against CSI imperfection for the proposed resource allocation algorithm for layered transmission compared to baseline schemes with traditional single-layer transmission.
description: Accepted for publication with minor revision, IEEE TVT
On-The-Go Robot-to-Human Handovers with a Mobile Manipulator
Creators: name: He, Kerry
name: Simini, Pradeepsundar
name: Chan, Wesley
name: Kulić, Dana
name: Croft, Elizabeth
name: Cosgun, Akansel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing approaches to direct robot-to-human handovers are typically implemented on fixed-base robot arms, or on mobile manipulators that come to a full stop before performing the handover. We propose "on-the-go" handovers which permit a moving mobile manipulator to hand over an object to a human without stopping. The on-the-go handover motion is generated with a reactive controller that allows simultaneous control of the base and the arm. In a user study, human receivers subjectively assessed on-the-go handovers to be more efficient, predictable, natural, better timed and safer than handovers that implemented a "stop-and-deliver" behavior.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables, submitted to RO-MAN 2022
Photonic chip based optical frequency comb using soliton induced Cherenkov radiation
Creators: name: Brasch, Victor
name: Herr, Tobias
name: Geiselmann, Michael
name: Lihachev, Grigoriy
name: Pfeiffer, Martin H. P.
name: Gorodetsky, Michael L.
name: Kippenberg, Tobias J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By continuous wave pumping of a dispersion engineered, planar silicon nitride microresonator, continuously circulating, sub-30fs short temporal dissipative solitons are generated, that correspond to pulses of 6 optical cycles and constitute a coherent optical frequency comb in the spectral domain. Emission of soliton induced Cherenkov radiation caused by higher order dispersion broadens the spectral bandwidth to 2/3 of an octave, sufficient for self referencing, in excellent agreement with recent theoretical predictions and the broadest coherent microresonator frequency comb generated to date. In a further step, this frequency comb is fully phase stabilized. The ability to preserve coherence over a broad spectral bandwidth using soliton induced Cherenkov radiation marks a critical milestone in the development of planar optical frequency combs, enabling on one hand application in e.g. coherent communications, broadband dual comb spectroscopy and Raman spectral imaging, while on the other hand significantly relaxing dispersion requirements for broadband microresonator frequency combs and providing a path for their generation in the visible and UV. Our results underscore the utility and effectiveness of planar microresonator frequency comb technology, that offers the potential to make frequency metrology accessible beyond specialized laboratories.
description: Changes: - Added data (new Fig.4) on the first full phase stabilization of a dissipative Kerr soliton (or dissipative cavity soliton) in a microresonator - Extended Fig. 8 in the SI - Introduced nomenclature of dissipative Kerr solitons - Minor other changes
Measurability of functionals and of ideal point forecasts
Creators: name: Fissler, Tobias
name: Holzmann, Hajo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 62C99, 91B06

description: The ideal probabilistic forecast for a random variable $Y$ based on an information set $\mathcal{F}$ is the conditional distribution of $Y$ given $\mathcal{F}$. In the context of point forecasts aiming to specify a functional $T$ such as the mean, a quantile or a risk measure, the ideal point forecast is the respective functional applied to the conditional distribution. This paper provides a theoretical justification why this ideal forecast is actually a forecast, that is, an $\mathcal{F}$-measurable random variable. To that end, the appropriate notion of measurability of $T$ is clarified and this measurability is established for a large class of practically relevant functionals, including elicitable ones. More generally, the measurability of $T$ implies the measurability of any point forecast which arises by applying $T$ to a probabilistic forecast. Similar measurability results are established for proper scoring rules, the main tool to evaluate the predictive accuracy of probabilistic forecasts.
description: 13 pages
Mesoscopic Mechanical Resonators as Quantum Non-Inertial Reference Frames
Creators: name: Katz, B. N.
name: Blencowe, M. P.
name: Schwab, K. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An atom attached to a micrometer-scale wire that is vibrating at a frequency of 100 MHz and with displacement amplitude 1 nm experiences an acceleration magnitude 10^9 ms^-2, approaching the surface gravity of a neutron star. As one application of such extreme non-inertial forces in a mesoscopic setting, we consider a model two-path atom interferometer with one path consisting of the 100 MHz vibrating wire atom guide. The vibrating wire guide serves as a non-inertial reference frame and induces an in principle measurable phase shift in the wave function of an atom traversing the wire frame. We furthermore consider the effect on the two-path atom wave interference when the vibrating wire is modeled as a quantum object, hence functioning as a quantum non-inertial reference frame. We outline a possible realization of the vibrating wire, atom interferometer using a superfluid helium quantum interference setup.
description: Published version
Third law of thermodynamics and the scaling of quantum computers
Creators: name: Buffoni, Lorenzo
name: Gherardini, Stefano
name: Cruzeiro, Emmanuel Zambrini
name: Omar, Yasser
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The third law of thermodynamics, also known as the Nernst unattainability principle, puts a fundamental bound on how close a system, whether classical or quantum, can be cooled to a temperature near to absolute zero. On the other hand, a fundamental assumption of quantum computing is to start each computation from a register of qubits initialized in a pure state, i.e., at zero temperature. These conflicting aspects, at the interface between quantum computing and thermodynamics, are often overlooked or, at best, addressed only at a single-qubit level. In this work, we argue how the existence of a small, but finite, effective temperature, which makes the initial state a mixed state, poses a real challenge to the fidelity constraints required for the scaling of quantum computers. Our theoretical results, carried out for a generic quantum circuit with $N$-qubit input states, are validated by test runs performed on a real quantum processor.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Fractionally charged skyrmions in fractional quantum Hall effect
Creators: name: Balram, Ajit C.
name: Wurstbauer, U.
name: Wójs, A.
name: Pinczuk, A.
name: Jain, J. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fractional quantum Hall effect has inspired searches for exotic emergent topological particles, such as fractionally charged excitations, composite fermions, abelian and nonabelian anyons and Majorana fermions. Fractionally charged skyrmions, which support both topological charge and topological vortex-like spin structure, have also been predicted to occur in the vicinity of 1/3 filling of the lowest Landau level. The fractional skyrmions, however, are anticipated to be exceedingly fragile, suppressed by very small Zeeman energies. Here we show that, slightly away from 1/3 filling, the smallest manifestations of the fractional skyrmion exist in the excitation spectrum for a broad range of Zeeman energies, and appear in resonant inelastic light scattering experiments as well-defined resonances slightly below the long wavelength spin wave mode. The spectroscopy of these exotic bound states serves as a sensitive tool for investigating the residual interaction between composite fermions, responsible for delicate new fractional quantum Hall states in this filling factor region.
description: 9 pages, 8 figures
Third post-Newtonian gravitational radiation from two-body scattering II. Hereditary Energy radiation
Creators: name: Cho, Gihyuk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the hereditary part of the third post-Newtonian accurate gravitational energy radiation from hyperbolic scatterings (and parabolic scatterings) of non-spinning compact objects. We employ large angular momentum ($j$) expansion, and compute it to the relative $1/j^{11}$ order (so the first 12 terms). For parabolic scattering case, the exact solution is computed. At the end, the completely collected expression of the energy radiation upto the third post-Newtonian and from $1/j^{3}$ to $1/j^{15}$ order, is presented including the instantaneous contribution.
A Fabry-Perot interferometer with quantum mirrors: nonlinear light transport and rectification
Creators: name: Fratini, F.
name: Mascarenhas, E.
name: Safari, L.
name: Poizat, J-Ph.
name: Valente, D.
name: Auffèves, A.
name: Gerace, D.
name: Santos, M. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical transport represents a natural route towards fast communications, and it is currently used in large scale data transfer. The progressive miniaturization of devices for information processing calls for the microscopic tailoring of light transport and confinement at length scales appropriate for the upcoming technologies. With this goal in mind, we present a theoretical analysis of a one-dimensional Fabry-Perot interferometer built with two highly saturable nonlinear mirrors: a pair of two-level systems. Our approach captures non-linear and non-reciprocal effects of light transport that were not reported previously. Remarkably, we show that such an elementary device can operate as a microscopic integrated optical rectifier.
title: Robust fault isolation observers for non-square systems - a parametric approach
Creators: name: Wahrburg, Arne
name: Adamy, Jürgen
Publisher: name: IFAC - International Federation of Automatic Control
Year: 2023

description: In this article, a linear matrix inequality (LMI)-based design for robust fault isolation observers (FIOs) for linear systems with arbitrary fault detectability indices is presented. A parametric design is used to achieve stable fault isolation in square systems as well as non-square systems. Based on this design, the influence of arbitrary disturbances is attenuated by a proper optimization of the observer gain matrices. The applicability of the proposed design is verified in simulations of a helicopter model.
Bayesian evidence of non-standard inflation: isocurvature perturbations and running spectral index
Creators: name: Giannantonio, Tommaso
name: Komatsu, Eiichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bayesian model comparison penalizes models with more free parameters that are allowed to vary over a wide range, and thus offers the most robust method to decide whether some given data require new parameters. In this paper, we ask a simple question: do current cosmological data require extensions of the simplest single-field inflation models? Specifically, we calculate the Bayesian evidence of a totally anti-correlated isocurvature perturbation and a running spectral index of the scalar curvature perturbation. These parameters are motivated by recent claims that the observed temperature anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background on large angular scales is too low to be compatible with the simplest inflation models. Both a subdominant, anti-correlated cold dark matter isocurvature component and a negative running index succeed in lowering the large-scale temperature power spectrum. We show that the introduction of isocurvature perturbations is disfavored, whereas that of the running spectral index is only moderately favored, even when the BICEP2 data are included in the analysis without any foreground subtraction.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures. Minor modifications, to match version published in January 2015
Nature Itself in a Mirror Space-Time
Creators: name: Sharafiddinov, Rasulkhozha S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The unity of the structure of matter fields with flavor symmetry laws involves that the left-handed neutrino in the field of emission can be converted into a right-handed one and vice versa. These transitions together with classical solutions of the Dirac equation testify in favor of the unidenticality of masses, energies, and momenta of neutrinos of the different components. If we recognize such a difference in masses, energies, and momenta, accepting its ideas about that the left-handed neutrino and the right-handed antineutrino refer to long-lived leptons, and the right-handed neutrino and the left-handed antineutrino are short-lived fermions, we would follow the mathematical logic of the Dirac equation in the presence of the flavor symmetrical mass, energy, and momentum matrices. From their point of view, nature itself separates Minkowski space into left and right spaces concerning a certain middle dynamical line. Thereby, it characterizes any Dirac particle both by left and by right space-time coordinates. It is not excluded therefore that whatever the main purposes each of earlier experiments about sterile neutrinos, namely, about right-handed short-lived neutrinos may serve as the source of facts confirming the existence of a mirror Minkowski space-time.
description: 8 pages, LaTex, Published version in CJP
Revisiting timelike and null geodesics in the Schwarzschild spacetime: general expressions in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions
Creators: name: Cieślik, Adam
name: Mach, Patryk
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theory of Schwarzschild geodesics is revisited. Basing on a result by Weierstrass and Biermann, we derive a formula describing all non radial, timelike and null trajectories in terms of Weierstrass elliptic functions. Quite remarkably, a single formula works for an entire geodesic trajectory, even if it passes through turning points. Using this formula, we derive expressions for the proper and coordinate time along the geodesic.
description: Matches the version accepted by Classical and Quantum Gravity
Size-based scheduling vs fairness for datacenter flows: a queuing perspective
Creators: name: Roberts, James
name: Rossi, Dario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: C.2.1; C.4

description: Contrary to the conclusions of a recent body of work where approximate shortest remaining processing time first (SRPT) flow scheduling is advocated for datacenter networks, this paper aims to demonstrate that per-flow fairness remains a preferable objective. We evaluate abstract queuing models by analysis and simulation to illustrate the non-optimality of SRPT under the reasonable assumptions that datacenter flows occur in batches and bursts and not, as usually assumed, individually at the instants of a Poisson process. Results for these models have significant implications for the design of bandwidth sharing strategies for datacenter networks. In particular, we propose a novel "virtual fair scheduling" algorithm that enforces fairness between batches and is arguably simple enough to be implemented in high speed devices.
description: 16 pages, 5 figures
The tangent bundle exponential map and locally autoparallel coordinates for general connections with application to Finslerian geometries
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a tangent bundle exponential map and locally autoparallel coordinates for geometries based on a general connection on the tangent bundle of a manifold. As concrete application we use these new coordinates for Finslerian geometries and obtain Finslerian geodesic coordinates. They generalise normal coordinates known from metric geometry to Finsler geometric manifolds and it turns out that they are identical to the Douglas-Thomas normal coordinates introduced earlier. We expand the fundamental geometry function of a Finsler spacetime in these new coordinates and find that it is constant to quadratic order. The quadratic order term comes with the non-linear curvature of the manifold. From physics these coordinates may be interpretation as the realisation of an Einstein elevator in Finslerian spacetime geometries.
description: 29 pages, references and their discussion added, language optimised, Journal accepted version. Int. J. Geom. Methods Mod. Phys, 23 November 2015
title: Strukturierung von Silberdünnschichten mit optimierten optischen und mechanischen Eigenschaften
Creators: name: Polywka, Andreas
Publisher: name: Bergische Universität Wuppertal
Year: 2019

description: Die Dünnschichttechnologie ermöglicht es, eine Vielzahl von neuartigen Materialien für elektronische Dünnschichtbauelemente einzusetzen. Dadurch entstehen auch neue Anwendungsmöglichkeiten. Ein Beispiel sind dehnbare Bauelemente. Jedoch sind noch einige Herausforderungen zu überwinden bis dehnbare Bauelemente kommerziell erhältlich sind. Das hängt damit zusammen, dass die verwendeten Materialien in der Regel nicht dehnbar sind und schon bei geringen Ausdehnungen reißen. Die Zerstörung lässt sich aber durch eine geeignete Strukturierung der Dünnschichten (Mäander, Falten oder Risse) vermeiden. Die Strukturierung von metallischen Dünnschichten beruht heute allerdings häufig auf der Fotolithografie. Diese wurde für Glas- und Siliziumsubstrate optimiert und lässt sich nicht ohne weiteres auf weiche Substrate anwenden, weil die notwendigen Lösungsmittel zu erheblichen Deformationen weicher Substrate führen und so die metallischen Dünnschichten zerstören. Im Zuge dieser Anforderungen sind Methoden zur Strukturbildung von Silberdünnschichten auf weichen Substraten erforscht worden. Sie werden in der Arbeit unterteilt nach dem Zeitpunkt ihrer Durchführung relativ zur metallischen Dünnschichtabscheidung. Das Hauptaugenmerk liegt dabei auf der kostengünstigen Abscheidung von Silberdünnschichten aus der Flüssigphase. Neben der Anregung von Plasmonen werden zur Strukturbildung auch Techniken genutzt, die der Selbstorganisation dienen. Dadurch können Nanostrukturen mit relativ geringem technischen Aufwand hergestellt werden. Abhängig von der gewählten Strukturierungsmethode lässt sich beispielsweise ein nahezu konstantes elektrisches Widerstandsverhalten unter mechanischer Ausdehnung oder eine optimierte Anregung von lokalisierten bzw. delokalisierten Plasmonen erreichen.
Black-box estimation of expanding parameter for de Sitter universe
Creators: name: Xiao, Lulu
name: Wen, Cuihong
name: Jing, Jiliang
name: Wang, Jieci
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the black-box parameter estimation of expanding parameters and the dynamics of Gaussian interferometric power for the de Sitter space. We find that the state between separated open charts can be employed as probe state for the black-box quantum metrology. This is nontrivial because the open charts are causally disconnected and classical information can not be exchanged between them according to the general relativity. It is shown that the mass of the scalar field remarkably affects the accuracy of the black-box parameter estimation in the de Sitter space, which is quite different from the flat space case where the mass parameter does not influence the precision of estimation. Quantum discord is found to be a key resource for the estimation of the expanding parameter when there is no entanglement between the initially uncorrelated open charts.It is demonstrated that the role of the probe state between different open charts is quite distinct because curvature effect of the de sitter space damages quantum resources for the initially correlated probe states, while it generates quantum resources for the initially uncorrelated probe states.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
J{\' a}nos Bolyai, Carl Friedrich Gauss, Nikolai Lobachevsky and the New Geometry: Foreword
Creators: name: Jenkovszky, László
name: Lake, Matthew J.
name: Soloviev, Vladimir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: History and Philosophy of Physics (physics.hist-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Foreward to the Bolyai-Gauss-Lobachevsky 2022 special issue, published in ${\it Symmetry}$, in lieu of the 12${}^{\rm th}$ International Conference on Non-Euclidean Geometry, ``BGL-2022''.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures. Matches version published in the BGL-2022 special issue: https://www.mdpi.com/journal/symmetry/special_issues/BGL_2022
Noncommutative Sugawara Construction
Creators: name: Ghasemkhani, Masoumeh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The noncommutative extension of the Sugawara construction for free massless fermionic fields in two dimensions is studied. We prove that the equivalence of the noncommutative Sugawara energy-momentum tensor and symmetric energy-momentum tensor persists in the noncommutative extension. Some relevant physical results of this equivalence are also discussed.
description: Matches published version
Doctoral thesis recital (double bass)
Creators: name: Kim, Doyoun
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2020
Subjects: Double bass and piano music
Concertos (Double bass)--Solo with piano

description: Ave Maria : (1984) / Astor Piazzolla -- Concerto no.2 in D major, Kr.172 (1762) / Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf -- Four Pieces. Praludium, op. 32, no. 1 ; Scherzo, op. 32, no. 2 ; Intermezzo, op. 9, no. 1 ; Tarantella, op.9, no. 2 / Reinhold Gliere
An Experimental Validation of Spectrally Matched Neutron Detection Systems Using 3He and BF3
Creators: name: Olson, Codey
name: Snow, Jesse
name: Wang, Meng-Jen
name: Sjoden, Glenn
name: Cazalas, Edward
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Here we perform the matching of neutron counts in two detector gasses through capture reactions and radiation transport–optimized moderating materials. One of our detectors uses helium-3 (3He) gas and has been widely used as a neutron detection material in proportional detector tube designs. This study examines boron trifluoride (BF3) as a potential gas for neutron detection in place of 3He based on a previously studied “spectrally matched” design derived from deterministic adjoint analyses that closely mimic the spectral response of 3He. The integrated spectral response of each tube, i.e., the count rate, is calculated and measured at various distances from an isotropic neutron source where similar “total sources” are achieved in either detection system. Our results show the integrated spectral response of a dual BF3 tube detector was within 10% of a single 3He tube when exposed to a similar source. GEANT4 Monte Carlo simulations were used to calculate the total source for each detector and showed count rates within 5% of those produced by MCNP, providing a strong confidence in its behavior in the thermal energy regime. We provide results in this study to partially validate the replacement based on the spectrally matched design, which will lead to further validation through the utilization of multiple neutron spectra via simulated and experimental studies.
Positioning the neutron drip line and the r-process paths in the nuclear landscape
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Chen, Lie-Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Exploring nucleon drip lines and astrophysical rapid neutron capture process (r-process) paths in the nuclear landscape is extremely challenging in nuclear physics and astrophysics. While various models predict similar proton drip line, their predictions for neutron drip line and the r-process paths involving heavy neutron-rich nuclei exhibit a significant variation which hampers our accurate understanding of the r-process nucleosynthesis mechanism. Using microscopic density functional theory with a representative set of non-relativistic and relativistic interactions, we demonstrate for the first time that this variation is mainly due to the uncertainty of nuclear matter symmetry energy $E_{\rm{sym}}(ρ_{\rm{sc}})$ at the subsaturation cross density $ρ_{\rm{sc}}=0.11/0.16\timesρ_0$ ($ρ_0$ is saturation density), which reflects the symmetry energy of heavy nuclei. Using the recent accurate constraint on $E_{\rm{sym}}(ρ_{\rm{sc}})$ from the binding energy difference of heavy isotope pairs, we obtain quite precise predictions for the location of the neutron drip line, the r-process paths and the number of bound nuclei in the nuclear landscape. Our results have important implications on extrapolating the properties of unknown neutron-rich rare isotopes from the data on known nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. Accepted version to appear in PRC as a Rapid Communication
Effective theory of vortices in two-dimensional spinless chiral $p$-wave superfluids
Creators: name: Ariad, Daniel
name: Seradjeh, Babak
name: Grosfeld, Eytan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a $\mathbb{U}(1) \times \mathbb{Z}_2$ effective gauge theory for vortices in a $p_x+ip_y$ superfluid in two dimensions. The combined gauge transformation binds $\mathbb{U}(1)$ and $\mathbb{Z}_2$ defects so that the total transformation remains single-valued and manifestly preserves the the particle-hole symmetry of the action. The $\mathbb{Z}_2$ gauge field introduces a complete Chern-Simons term in addition to a partial one associated with the $\mathbb{U}(1)$ gauge field. The theory reproduces the known physics of vortex dynamics such as a Magnus force proportional to the superfluid density. More importantly, it predicts a universal Abelian phase, $\exp(iπ/8)$, upon the exchange of two vortices. This phase is modified by non-universal corrections due to the partial Chern-Simon term, which are nevertheless screened in a charged superfluid at distances that are larger than the penetration depth.
description: 8 pages, 3 figures, version published in PRB
Connecting global and local energy distributions in quantum spin models on a lattice
Creators: name: Arad, Itai
name: Kuwahara, Tomotaka
name: Landau, Zeph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Generally, the local interactions in a many-body quantum spin system on a lattice do not commute with each other. Consequently, the Hamiltonian of a local region will generally not commute with that of the entire system, and so the two cannot be measured simultaneously. The connection between the probability distributions of measurement outcomes of the local and global Hamiltonians will depend on the angles between the diagonalizing bases of these two Hamiltonians. In this paper we characterize the relation between these two distributions. On one hand, we upperbound the probability of measuring an energy $τ$ in a local region, if the global system is in a superposition of eigenstates with energies $ε
description: 23 pages, 2 figures. A new version with tigheter bounds and a re-written introduction
Optimal control and selectivity of qubits in contact with a structured environment
Creators: name: Ansel, Quentin
name: Fischer, Jonas
name: Sugny, Dominique
name: Bellomo, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a theoretical study of the optimal control of a qubit interacting with a structured environment. We consider a model system in which the bath is a bosonic reservoir at zero temperature and the qubit frequency is the only control parameter. Using optimal control techniques, we show the extent to which qubit population and relaxation effects can be manipulated. The reachable qubit states by a shaped control with a fixed maximum intensity are found numerically. We analyze the role of standard control mechanisms and the structure of the set of reachable states with respect to the coupling strength between the system and the environment. This investigation is used as a starting point to explore the selectivity problem of two uncoupled qubits interacting with their own baths and characterized by a specific coupling strength. We numerically derive the optimal control solution for a wide range of parameters and we show that the control law is close to a sinusoidal function with a specific frequency in some peculiar cases.
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Integer sequences and k-commuting permutations
Creators: name: Rivera, Luis Manuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05A05, 05A15, 11B99

description: Let $β$ be any permutation on $n$ symbols and let $c(k, β)$ be the number of permutations that $k$-commute with $β$. The cycle type of a permutation $β$ is a vector $(c_1, \dots, c_n)$ such that $β$ has exactly $c_i$ cycles of length $i$ in its disjoint cycle factorization. In this article we obtain formulas for $c(k, β)$, for some cycle types. We also express these formulas in terms of integer sequences as given in "The On-line Encyclopedia of Integer Sequences" (OEIS). For some of these sequences we obtain either new interpretations or relationships with sequences in the OEIS database.
description: 20 pages, 8 tables. In the second version some paragraphs and proofs were rewritten. V3 is a revised version, one reference added. V4 is the published version
If you lived here, and other stories
Creators: name: Earner, Molly
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2020

description: A creative thesis containing a collection of short stories linked by themes of identity and existential displacement. Some stories operate within the genre of magical realism and horror, while others align more closely with realism. Each of these stories is preoccupied with the strangeness of what defines and contains our conceptions of the self: gender, sexuality, race, religion, and family.