cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Salvia canariensis Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia canariensis

description: Salvia canariensis, spec. nov.
 20. Salvia foliis hastato-triangularibus oblongis crenatis obtusis. Hort. cliff. 13. Hort. ups. 10. Roy. lugdb. 308.
 Horminum canariense tomentosum, hastato folio. Moris. hist.3. p.394. s.11. t.13. f.17.
 Habitat in Canariis . ♄
 Habitat ad Cap. b. spei , locis argillosis. ♄
 Habitat ad Cap. b. spei juxta rivulos. ♄
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Comparison of Modified Kneser-Ney and Witten-Bell Smoothing Techniques in Statistical Language Model of Bahasa Indonesia
Creators: name: Rusli, Ismail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Smoothing is one technique to overcome data sparsity in statistical language model. Although in its mathematical definition there is no explicit dependency upon specific natural language, different natures of natural languages result in different effects of smoothing techniques. This is true for Russian language as shown by Whittaker (1998). In this paper, We compared Modified Kneser-Ney and Witten-Bell smoothing techniques in statistical language model of Bahasa Indonesia. We used train sets of totally 22M words that we extracted from Indonesian version of Wikipedia. As far as we know, this is the largest train set used to build statistical language model for Bahasa Indonesia. The experiments with 3-gram, 5-gram, and 7-gram showed that Modified Kneser-Ney consistently outperforms Witten-Bell smoothing technique in term of perplexity values. It is interesting to note that our experiments showed 5-gram model for Modified Kneser-Ney smoothing technique outperforms that of 7-gram. Meanwhile, Witten-Bell smoothing is consistently improving over the increase of n-gram order.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, 2nd International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), Bandung, 2014
Constructing artificial life and materials scientists with accelerated AI using Deep AndersoNN
Creators: name: Dajani, Saleem Abdul Fattah Ahmed Al
name: Keyes, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Deep AndersoNN accelerates AI by exploiting the continuum limit as the number of explicit layers in a neural network approaches infinity and can be taken as a single implicit layer, known as a deep equilibrium model. Solving for deep equilibrium model parameters reduces to a nonlinear fixed point iteration problem, enabling the use of vector-to-vector iterative solvers and windowing techniques, such as Anderson extrapolation, for accelerating convergence to the fixed point deep equilibrium. Here we show that Deep AndersoNN achieves up to an order of magnitude of speed-up in training and inference. The method is demonstrated on density functional theory results for industrial applications by constructing artificial life and materials `scientists' capable of classifying drugs as strongly or weakly polar, metal-organic frameworks by pore size, and crystalline materials as metals, semiconductors, and insulators, using graph images of node-neighbor representations transformed from atom-bond networks. Results exhibit accuracy up to 98\% and showcase synergy between Deep AndersoNN and machine learning capabilities of modern computing architectures, such as GPUs, for accelerated computational life and materials science by quickly identifying structure-property relationships. This paves the way for saving up to 90\% of compute required for AI, reducing its carbon footprint by up to 60 gigatons per year by 2030, and scaling above memory limits of explicit neural networks in life and materials science, and beyond.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 2 tables, Accepted by ICML ML4LMS https://openreview.net/forum?id=qhwyvhqAvI . International Conference on Machine Learning (ICML). Machine Learning for Life and Material Science (ML4LMS) Workshop, May 2024
Closing the gap in the detection and diagnosis of fungal infections in patients with blood cancers using a machine learning based platform technology
Creators: name: Ananda-Rajah, Michelle
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Invasive fungal infections cause a life-threatening pneumonia in patients with impaired immunity. Hospitals spend millions of dollars on drugs to manage these infections but are unaware of the types of infections affecting their patients and their outcomes. Surveillance of fungal infections is not occurring in hospitals because fungi infrequently grow in the laboratory and manual surveillance is onerous. As a result, clinicians and hospitals cannot evaluate the effectiveness of preventative efforts, outbreaks may go unnoticed and tailoring therapy according to risk is hampered by the lack of large datasets for a rare disease. Variation is common in radiologist reporting affecting patient care and clinical trials. Our machine learning based platform technology incorporating natural language processing, deep learning based image recognition and the integration of clinical data in an expert system can address these performance gaps with benefits to patients, hospitals, clinicians and trial sponsors.
Shock Excited Maser Emission from the Supernova Remnant W28
Creators: name: Frail, D. A.
name: Goss, W. M.
name: Slysh, V. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present VLA observations in the hydroxyl line OH(1720 MHz) towards the supernova remnant W28. These high resolution images show a more extensive distribution of 1720 MHz emission than had previously been suspected from earlier single-dish observations. A total of 26 distinct maser spots were detected which lie on the edge of the radio continuum emission from W28 and are unresolved with our 12 arcsec resolution. Significant detection of linear and circular polarization in the maser spots is also made. The location of the maser spots, together with the physical conditions in the SNR and the adjacent molecular cloud, argue for a shock excitation mechanism. The possibilities of using the OH(1720 MHz) as a powerful diagnostic of the interaction of supernova remnants with molecular clouds is discussed.
description: 13 pages, postscript text and two figures in a uuencoded compressed-tar file
Acylindrical surfaces in 3-manifolds and knot complements
Creators: name: Eudave-Munoz, Mario
name: Neumann-Coto, Max
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57N10, 57M25

description: We consider closed acylindrical surfaces in 3-manifolds and in knot and link complements, and show that the genus of these surfaces is bounded linearly by the number of tetrahedra in the triangulation of the manifold and by the number of rational (or alternating) tangles in a projection of a link (or knot). For each g we find knots with tunnel number 2 and manifolds of Heegaard genus 3 containing acylindrical surfaces of genus g. Finally, we construct 3-bridge knots containing quasi-Fuchsinan surfaces of unbounded genus, and use them to find manifolds of Heegaard genus 2 and homology spheres of Heegaard genus 3 containing infinitely many incompressible surfaces.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures. Boletin de la Sociedad Matematica Mexicana, special issue in honor of Francisco Gonzalez Acuna
Chargino Mass and $R_b$ Anomaly
Creators: name: Chankowski, P. H
name: Pokorski, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We re-examine the possible magnitude of the supersymmetric contribution to $R_b$ with imposed all available phenomenological constraints and demanding good quality of the global fit to the precision electroweak data. For low $\tanβ$ we find a new region of the parameter space, with $M_2\approx |μ|$ and $μ<0$ where $R_b$ remains large, $\sim0.2180$ even for the lighter chargino as heavy as $90-100$ GeV. It is an interesting mixture of the up-higgsino and gaugino. The rôle of various phenomenological constraints is discussed in analitic form and importance of small but non-negligible left-right mixing in the stop sector is emphasized in this context. The large $\tanβ$ option for enhancement of $R_b$ is also reviewed. The available data do not rule out this scenario.
description: 32 pages (including 9 figures)
Femtosecond formation dynamics of the spin Seebeck effect revealed by terahertz spectroscopy
Creators: name: Seifert, T. S.
name: Jaiswal, S.
name: Barker, J.
name: Weber, S. T.
name: Razdolski, I.
name: Cramer, J.
name: Gueckstock, O.
name: Maehrlein, S.
name: Nadvornik, L.
name: Watanabe, S.
name: Ciccarelli, C.
name: Melnikov, A.
name: Jakob, G.
name: Münzenberg, M.
name: Goennenwein, S. T. B.
name: Woltersdorf, G.
name: Rethfeld, B.
name: Brouwer, P. W.
name: Wolf, M.
name: Kläui, M.
name: Kampfrath, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Understanding the transfer of spin angular momentum is essential in modern magnetism research. A model case is the generation of magnons in magnetic insulators by heating an adjacent metal film. Here, we reveal the initial steps of this spin Seebeck effect with <27fs time resolution using terahertz spectroscopy on bilayers of ferrimagnetic yttrium-iron garnet and platinum. Upon exciting the metal with an infrared laser pulse, a spin Seebeck current $j_\textrm{s}$ arises on the same ~100fs time scale on which the metal electrons thermalize. This observation highlights that efficient spin transfer critically relies on carrier multiplication and is driven by conduction electrons scattering off the metal-insulator interface. Analytical modeling shows that the electrons' dynamics are almost instantaneously imprinted onto $j_\textrm{s}$ because their spins have a correlation time of only ~4fs and deflect the ferrimagnetic moments without inertia. Applications in material characterization, interface probing, spin-noise spectroscopy and terahertz spin pumping emerge.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures
Skewness and Kurtosis in Large-Scale Cosmic Fields
Creators: name: Bernardeau, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, I present the calculation of the third and fourth moments of both the distribution function of the large--scale density and the large--scale divergence of the velocity field, $θ$. These calculations are made by the mean of perturbative calculations assuming Gaussian initial conditions and are expected to be valid in the linear or quasi linear regime. The moments are derived for a top--hat window function and for any cosmological parameters $Ω$ and $Λ$. It turns out that the dependence with $Λ$ is always very weak whereas the moments of the distribution function of the divergence are strongly dependent on $Ω$. A method to measure $Ω$ using the skewness of this field has already been presented by Bernardeau et al. (1993). I show here that the simultaneous measurement of the skewness and the kurtosis allows to test the validity of the gravitational instability scenario hypothesis. Indeed there is a combination of the first three moments of $θ$ that is almost independent of the cosmological parameters $Ω$ and $Λ$, $${(-3^2) \over ^2}\approx 1.5,$$ (the value quoted is valid when the index of the power spectrum at the filtering scale is close to -1) so that any cosmic velocity field created by gravitational instabilities should verify such a property.
description: 32 pages in Plain TeX, 8 postscript figures available by anonymous ftp from ftp.cita.utoronto.ca in directory /cita/francis/skewness_kurtosis, CITA 93/44
Salvia africana subsp. caerulea Linnaeus, 1753, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia africana
Salvia africana subsp. caerulea

description: Salvia africana subsp. caerulea, subspec. nov.
 21. Salvia foliis subrotundis serratis: basi truncatis dentatis. Hort. cliff. 13. Roy. lugdb. 308.
 Salvia africana frutescens, folio scorodoniae, flore violaceo. Comm. hort.2. p.181. t.91.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Constraints for scalars and pseudoscalars from $\left(g-2\right)_l$ and existing $e^+e^-$ colliders
Creators: name: Pustyntsev, Aleksandr
name: Vanderhaeghen, Marc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Scalars and pseudoscalars with masses in the MeV to GeV range are of interest in different extensions of the Standard Model. Such particles are often associated with dark matter, the strong CP problem and the $\left(g-2\right)_μ$ anomaly. In this work we investigate limits for masses of such particles and their couplings to photons and leptons which can be derived from present and currently operating $e^+e^-$ collider experiments and recent $\left(g-2\right)_{l}$ measurements. Our work expands upon previous studies in several ways, demonstrating that the interplay of both couplings is a decisive factor in this type of analyses.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
SUSY vertex algebras and supercurves
Creators: name: Heluani, Reimundo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This article is a continuation of math.QA/0603633 Given a strongly conformal SUSY vertex algebra V and a supercurve X we construct a vector bundle V_X on X, the fiber of which, is isomorphic to V. Moreover, the state-field correspondence of V canonically gives rise to (local) sections of these vector bundles. We also define chiral algebras on any supercurve X, and show that the vector bundle V_X, corresponding to a SUSY vertex algebra, carries the structure of a chiral algebra.
description: 50 pages
Test of QEDPS: A Monte Carlo for the hard photon distributions in e+ e- annihilation proecss
Creators: name: Kurihara, Y.
name: Fujimoto, J.
name: Munehisa, T.
name: Shimizu, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The validity of a photon shower generator QEDPS has been examined in detail. This is formulated based on the leading-logarithmic renormalization equation for the electron structure function and it provides a photon shower along the initial e+-. The main interest in the present work is to test the reliability of the generator to describe a process accompanying hard photons which are detected. For this purpose, by taking the HZ production as the basic reaction, the total cross section and some distributions of the hard photons are compared between two cases that these photons come from either those generated by QEDPS or the hard process e+e- -> H Z gamma gamma. The comparison performed for the single and the double hard photon has shown a satisfactory agreement which demonstrated that the model is self-consistent.
description: 22 pages, 4 Postscript figures, LaTeX, uses epsf.tex
Salvia africana subsp. lutea Linnaeus, 1753, subspec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia africana
Salvia africana subsp. lutea

description: Salvia africana subsp. lutea, subspec. nov.
 22. Salvia foliis subrotundis integerrimis: basi truncatis dentatis. Hort. cliff. 13. Roy. lugdb. 308.
 Salvia africana frutescens, folio subrotundo glauco, flore magno aureo. Comm. hort.2. p.183. t.92.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 26, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
The Effect of Repeating Gamma Ray Bursts on V/Vmax
Creators: name: Band, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I consider the effect of repeating gamma ray burst sources on the statistic. I find that the treatment of repeating events, if applied consistently, will not affect the effectiveness of as a test of burst homogeneity. The calculation of for apparent repeating and nonrepeating source populations will be biased by the incorrect classification of faint bursts. The current practice of calculating using all bursts is valid and consistent.
description: 9 pages, LaTeX (version 2.09) with AAS preprint substyle (v3.0), SP-93-70
Salvia sclarea Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia sclarea

description: Salvia sclarea, spec. nov.
 23. Salvia foliis rugosis oblongo-cordatis serratis, floralibus calyce longioribus concavis acuminatis. Hort. cliff. 12. Hort. ups. 10. Mat. med. 15. Roy. lugdb. 309. Dalib. paris.9.
 Salvia foliis cordato-ovatis obscure undulatis, foliolis floralibus lanceolato-concavis. Guett. stamp. 263.
 Horminum Sclarea dictum. Bauh. pin. 238.
 Habitat in Syria , Italia . ♂
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
GABInsight: Exploring Gender-Activity Binding Bias in Vision-Language Models
Creators: name: Abdollahi, Ali
name: Ghaznavi, Mahdi
name: Nejad, Mohammad Reza Karimi
name: Oriyad, Arash Mari
name: Abbasi, Reza
name: Salesi, Ali
name: Behjati, Melika
name: Rohban, Mohammad Hossein
name: Baghshah, Mahdieh Soleymani
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Vision-language models (VLMs) are intensively used in many downstream tasks, including those requiring assessments of individuals appearing in the images. While VLMs perform well in simple single-person scenarios, in real-world applications, we often face complex situations in which there are persons of different genders doing different activities. We show that in such cases, VLMs are biased towards identifying the individual with the expected gender (according to ingrained gender stereotypes in the model or other forms of sample selection bias) as the performer of the activity. We refer to this bias in associating an activity with the gender of its actual performer in an image or text as the Gender-Activity Binding (GAB) bias and analyze how this bias is internalized in VLMs. To assess this bias, we have introduced the GAB dataset with approximately 5500 AI-generated images that represent a variety of activities, addressing the scarcity of real-world images for some scenarios. To have extensive quality control, the generated images are evaluated for their diversity, quality, and realism. We have tested 12 renowned pre-trained VLMs on this dataset in the context of text-to-image and image-to-text retrieval to measure the effect of this bias on their predictions. Additionally, we have carried out supplementary experiments to quantify the bias in VLMs' text encoders and to evaluate VLMs' capability to recognize activities. Our experiments indicate that VLMs experience an average performance decline of about 13.2% when confronted with gender-activity binding bias.
Double Bubble Corrections to Heavy Quark Production
Creators: name: Chetyrkin, K. G.
name: Hoang, A. H.
name: Kuehn, J. H.
name: Steinhauser, M.
name: Teubner, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second order ${\cal O}(α_s^2)$ corrections to the heavy quark production cross-section due to massless quarks and coloured scalars are calculated for all energies above threshold. Based on the method introduced in this letter also the gauge non-invariant second order corrections due to the pure gluonic selfenergy insertion and a certain class of ${\cal{O}}(α_s^3)$ and ${\cal{O}}(α_s^4)$ corrections are determined. For the special choice of the gauge parameter, $ξ=4$, the leading threshold and high energy behaviour of the pure second order gluonic corrections to the cross-section are governed by the gluonic self energy insertion.
description: 9 pages, latex, 17 figures, the complete postscript file of this preprint, including figures, is available via anonymous ftp at ftp://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/ttp96-04/ttp96-04.ps (129.13.102.139) or via www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/preprints/
Robust Morphological Measures for Large-Scale Structure in the Universe
Creators: name: Mecke, K. R.
name: Buchert, T.
name: Wagner, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel method for the description of spatial patterns formed by a coverage of point sets representing galaxy samples. This method is based on a complete family of morphological measures known as Minkowski functionals, which includes the topological Euler characteristic and geometric descriptors to specify the content, shape and connectivity of spatial sets. The method is numerically robust even for small samples, independent of statistical assumptions, and yields global as well as local morphological information. We illustrate the method by applying it to a Poisson process, a `double-Poisson' process, and to the Abell catalogue of galaxy clusters.
description: submitted to A & A, Main Journal. TeX, 17 pages excl.figures; contact T. Buchert: TOB@ibma.ipp-garching.mpg.de
A $τ$-Tilting Approach to Dissections of Polygons
Creators: name: Pilaud, Vincent
name: Plamondon, Pierre-Guy
name: Stella, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 16G10, 16G20, 05E10

description: We show that any accordion complex associated to a dissection of a convex polygon is isomorphic to the support $τ$-tilting simplicial complex of an explicit finite dimensional algebra. To this end, we prove a property of some induced subcomplexes of support $τ$-tilting simplicial complexes of finite dimensional algebras.
How do cyclists make their way? - A GPS-based revealed preference study in Copenhagen
Creators: name: Skov-Petersen, Hans
name: Barkow, Bernhard
name: Lundhede, Thomas
name: Jacobsen, Jette Bredahl
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: It is the objective of the study to determine the extent to which human navigation is affected by perceptions of our immediate surroundings or by already established knowledge in terms of a cognitive map. The motivation is to contribute to the knowledge about human navigation and to inform planning with estimates of bicyclists’ route preferences and ‘willingness-to-pay’ (in terms of transport distance vs. utility/disutility of route characteristics). The core method is choice modelling of observed route data. Thousand two hundred and sixty seven trips performed by 183 cyclists in Copenhagen (Denmark) were recorded by GPS. The trips were map-matched to a digital road and path network, which enabled the generation of choice sets: one for navigation as influenced by perception of immediate surroundings, comprising edges connected to network-nodes (hereafter called the edge dataset), and one for navigation based on a priori knowledge, comprising the trip itself and a number of alternative routes generated by a labelling algorithm (hereafter called the route dataset). The results document that choices based on characteristics of both the route and the edge data can be estimated and provide reasonable and significant parameter estimates regarding cyclists’ preferences. Length was significant and negative, illustrating that cyclists – everything else kept equal – prefer to bike shorter distances. Preferences regarding characteristics of bike path, presence of traffic lights and road types show similar results to the two types of data; most importantly that routes with facilities, such as curbed tracks and segregated bikeways, were significantly preferred. The study concludes that cyclists’ wayfinding can be modelled as choices based on both an edge dataset and a route dataset and, thus, may be influenced by both perceived information and a priori knowledge. We suggest that future analyses of movement and route preferences take both modes into account as actual movement may be based on a combination of the two and because assessment of the influence of the immediate, perceivable surroundings can provide information not to be considered in a wayfinding approach. In our case differences in preferences along the route is for example found, but this can be expanded in future studies to also include dynamic aspects such as weather and crowding.
Measurement of Z$^0$-boson production at large rapidities in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV
Creators: name: ALICE Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The production of Z$^0$ bosons at large rapidities in Pb-Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{\rm NN}}=5.02$ TeV is reported. Z$^0$ candidates are reconstructed in the dimuon decay channel (${\rm Z}^0 \rightarrow μ^+μ^-$), based on muons selected with pseudo-rapidity $-4.020$ GeV/$c$. The invariant yield and the nuclear modification factor, $R_{\rm AA}$, are presented as a function of rapidity and collision centrality. The value of $R_{\rm AA}$ for the 0-20% central Pb-Pb collisions is $0.67 \pm 0.11 \, \mbox{(stat.)} \, \pm 0.03 \, \mbox{(syst.)} \, \pm 0.06 \, \mbox{(corr. syst.)}$, exhibiting a deviation of $2.6 σ$ from unity. The results are well-described by calculations that include nuclear modifications of the parton distribution functions, while the predictions using vacuum PDFs deviate from data by $2.3σ$ in the 0-90% centrality class and by $3σ$ in the 0-20% central collisions.
description: 19 pages, 4 captioned figures, 2 tables, authors from page 14, published version, figures at http://aliceinfo.cern.ch/ArtSubmission/node/4107
Numerical modeling of SNSPD absorption utilizing optical conductivity with quantum corrections
Creators: name: Baránek, Martin
name: Neilinger, Pavol
name: Kern, Samuel
name: Grajcar, Miroslav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors are widely used in various fields of physics and technology, due to their high efficiency and timing precision. Although, in principle, their detection mechanism offers broadband operation, their wavelength range has to be optimized by the optical cavity parameters for a specific task. We present a study of the optical absorption of a superconducting nanowire single photon detector (SNSPD) with an optical cavity. The optical properties of the niobium nitride films, measured by spectroscopic ellipsometry, were modelled using the Drude-Lorentz model with quantum corrections. The numerical simulations of the optical response of the detectors show that the wavelength range of the detector is not solely determined by its geometry, but the optical conductivity of the disordered thin metallic films contributes considerably. This contribution can be conveniently expressed by the ratio of imaginary and real parts of the optical conductivity. This knowledge can be utilized in detector design.
description: 7 pages, 10 figures
Implications of the $B \to X \ell \barν_\ell$ lepton spectrum for heavy quark physics
Creators: name: Gremm, Martin
name: Kapustin, Anton
name: Ligeti, Zoltan
name: Wise, Mark B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shape of the lepton spectrum in inclusive semileptonic $B\to X\,\ell\,\barν_\ell$ decay is sensitive to matrix elements of the heavy quark effective theory, $\barΛ$ and $λ_1$. From CLEO data we extract $\barΛ=0.39\pm0.11\,$GeV and $λ_1=-0.19\pm0.10\,{\rm GeV}^2$, where the uncertainty is the $1σ$ statistical error only. Systematic uncertainties are discussed. These values for $\barΛ$ and $λ_1$ are used to determine $|V_{cb}|$ and the $\overline{\rm MS}$ bottom and charm quark masses. We discuss the theoretical uncertainties related to order $(Λ_{\rm QCD}/m_b)^3$ effects and higher orders in the perturbative expansion.
description: 10 pages revtex + one figure. Corrections from secondary leptons included, that affect the numerical results. Thus the central values become $\bar\Lambda=0.39\pm0.11GeV$ and $\lambda_1=-0.19\pm0.10GeV^2$
An ambipolar single-charge pump in silicon
Creators: name: Yamahata, Gento
name: Fujiwara, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The mechanism of single-charge pumping using a dynamic quantum dot needs to be precisely understood for high-accuracy and universal operation toward applications to quantum current standards and quantum information devices. The type of charge carrier (electron or hole) is an important factor for determining the pumping accuracy, but it has been so far compared just using different devices that could have different potential landscapes. Here, we report measurements of a silicon ambipolar single-charge pump. It allows a comparison between the single-electron and single-hole pumps that share the entrance tunnel barrier, which is a critical part of the pumping operation. By changing the frequency and temperature, we reveal that the entrance barrier has a better energy selectivity in the single-hole pumping, leading to a pumping error rate better than that in the single-electron pumping up to 400 MHz. This result implies that the heavy effective mass of holes is related to the superior characteristics in the single-hole pumping, which would be an important finding for stably realizing accurate single-charge pumping operation.
Automatic realizations of Galois groups with cyclic quotient of order p^n
Creators: name: Minac, Jan
name: Schultz, Andrew
name: Swallow, John
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 12F10

description: We establish automatic realizations of Galois groups among groups M\rtimes G, where G is a cyclic group of order p^n for a prime p and M is a quotient of the group ring Fp[G].
description: 12 pages
Salvia ceratophylla Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia ceratophylla

description: Salvia ceratophylla, spec. nov.
24. Salvia foliis rugosis pinnatifidis lanatis.
 Salvia foliis simplicibus dentato-pinnatis asperis. Hort. cliff. 13. Roy. lugdb. 308.
 Salvia foliis simplicibus dentato-pinnatis rugosis verrucosis. Hort. ups.10.
 Horminum rugoso verrucosoque folio cornu cervi exprimente. Pluk. alm. 186. t.194. f.5. Herm. parad. 186. t.186.
 Habitat in Persia . ☉
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Terahertz high-harmonic generation in gapped antiferromagnetic chains
Creators: name: Yarmohammadi, Mohsen
name: Kolodrubetz, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nonlinear dynamics of magnetization in antiferromagnets, resulting in high-frequency spin waves (high-order harmonics) as signal carriers, enable fast magnetic state switching in spintronic devices. More harmonic orders potentially allow more information to be conveyed by the spins. Developing theoretical models to describe these waves in antiferromagnets is essential for predicting their properties and guiding experimental efforts. Here, we consider the role of linear and quadratic spin-phonon couplings (SPCs) in achieving high-order harmonics in the THz magnetization of a gapped antiferromagnetic spin chain. A THz steady laser's electric field indirectly drives spins via phonons. Using spin-wave theory, mean-field theory, and the Lindblad formalism, we analyze the resulting nonlinear dynamics. We highlight the distinct mechanisms for harmonic generation when a phonon is coupled to the easy-plane and easy-axis of spins. Moreover, we observe that quadratic SPC blocks odd harmonics due to invariant inversion symmetry, while linear SPC generates both odd and even harmonics. We also investigate the effects of drive frequency, drive amplitude, phonon damping, and spin damping on the number of harmonics. Our findings offer an alternative pathway for developing nonlinear magnonics.
description: 9 pages + 7 figures
LY2963016 Insulin Glargine: A Review in Type 1 and 2 Diabetes
Creators: name: Lamb, Yvette N
name: Yahiya Y. Syed
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine

description: Compliance with Ethical Standards
Funding: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Conflicts of interest: Yvette Lamb and Yahiya Syed are salaried employees of Adis/Springer, are responsible for the article content and declare no relevant conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract
Subcutaneous once-daily LY2963016 insulin glargine (LY insulin glargine) [Abasaglar® (EU); Basaglar® (USA)] has been approved in the EU as a biosimilar to reference insulin glargine (Lantus®), and in the USA as a follow-on biologic to reference insulin glargine, for use in patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes. Structural and functional characterization of LY insulin glargine in preclinical studies showed that it is similar to reference insulin glargine. In phase I euglycaemic clamp studies, LY insulin glargine demonstrated similar pharmacodynamic (including duration of action) and pharmacokinetic parameters to reference insulin glargine. In the phase III ELEMENT trials, LY insulin glargine and reference insulin glargine were noninferior to each other with respect to glycaemic control, indicating their equivalent efficacy, when administered with mealtime insulin in adults with type 1 diabetes or with oral antiglycaemic medications in adults with type 2 diabetes. LY insulin glargine was generally well tolerated, with a safety profile (including the risk of hypoglycaemia and immunogenicity) similar to that of reference insulin glargine and without any additional safety concerns identified. Basal insulin treatment status at baseline did not impact the relative efficacy, safety and immunogenicity of LY insulin glargine versus reference insulin glargine in the ELEMENT 1 and 2 trials. In conclusion, LY insulin glargine offers an additional basal insulin option for patients with type 1 or 2 diabetes, potentially at a lower cost.Access to the full article can be found here.
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018
Fully Differential Higgs Pair Production in Association With a $Z$ Boson at Next-to-Next-to-Leading Order in QCD
Creators: name: Li, Hai Tao
name: Li, Chong Sheng
name: Wang, Jian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a fully differential next-to-next-to-leading order calculation of the Higgs pair production in association with a $Z$ boson, which is important for probing the trilinear Higgs self-coupling. The next-to-next-to-leading-order corrections enhance the next-to-leading order total cross sections by a factor of $1.2\sim 1.5$, depending on the collider energy, and change the shape of next-to-leading order kinematic distributions. We discuss how to determine the trilinear Higgs self-coupling using our results.
description: 6 pages, 7 figures, published version in PRD
Salvia aethiopis Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia aethiopis

description: Salvia aethiopis, spec. nov.
25. Salvia foliis oblongis dentato-angulatis hirsutis, verticillis lanatis, corollarum labio saccato.
 Salvia foliis lanceolatis sinuato-dentatis: floralibus verticillos comprimentibus. Hort. cliff. 13. Roy. lugdb. 308.
 AEthiopis foliis sinuosis. Bauh. pin. 241.
 β. AEthiopis laciniatis foliis. Barr. rar. 24. t.188.
 γ. Marum aegypticum. Vesl. alp. 212. t.212.
 Habitat in Illyria , Graecia , Africa . ☉
 Labium inferius antice cohaeret & saccum format.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
OGLE-IV Period-Luminosity relation of the LMC: an analysis using mean and median magnitudes
Creators: name: Muñoz, Jaime
name: García-Varela, Alejandro
name: Henao-Castellanos, Santiago
name: Sabogal, Beatriz
name: Giraldo, Luis Felipe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: TThe Period-Luminosity (PL) relation for Cepheid variable stars in the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is crucial for distance measurements in astronomy. This study analyzes the impact of using the median rather than the mean on the PL relation's slope and zero point. It also examines the persistence of the break at approximately 10 days and addresses specification issues in the PL relation model. Using $VI$-band median and mean magnitudes from the OGLE-IV survey, corrected for extinction, we fit the PL relation employing robust $MM$-regression, which features a high breakdown point and robust standard errors. Statistical tests and residual analysis are conducted to identify and correct model deficiencies. Our findings indicate a significant change in the PL relation for Cepheids with periods of 10 days or longer, regardless of whether median or mean magnitudes are used. A bias in the zero point and slope estimators is observed when using median magnitudes instead of mean magnitudes, especially in the $V$-band. By identifying and correcting regression issues and considering the period break, our estimators for slope and zero point are more accurate for distance calculations. Comparative analysis of the models for each band quantifies the bias introduced by using median magnitudes, highlighting the importance of considering the Cepheids' period for accurate location measure results, similar to those obtained using mean magnitudes.
Formality in generalized Kahler geometry
Creators: name: Cavalcanti, Gil R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32Q15, 32Q55

description: We prove that no nilpotent Lie algebra admits an invariant generalized Kaehler structure. This is done by showing that a certain differential graded algebra associated to a generalized complex manifold is formal in the generalized Kaehler case, while it is never formal for a generalized complex structure on a nilpotent Lie algebra.
description: 7 pages; v2 is mildly rephrased. To appear in Topology Appl
On the Factors that Shape Perceptions Towards Decision-Makers in Algorithmic Decision-Making
Creators: name: Bozzon, Alessandro
name: Pont, Sylvia C.
name: Gadiraju, Ujwal
name: Yurrita, Mireia
name: Himanshu Verma
name: Balayn, Agathe
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Physical Sciences and Mathematics
subject: Computer Sciences
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Robotics

description: Study looking into the effect of factors related to the profile and configuration of decision-makers on perceptions of ability, benevolence, integrity, and fairness in algorithmic decision-making.
Demonstration of cascaded modulator-chicane micro-bunching of a relativistic electron beam
Creators: name: Sudar, N.
name: Musumeci, P.
name: Gadjev, I.
name: Sakai, Y.
name: Fabbri, S.
name: Polyanskiy, M.
name: Pogorelsky, I.
name: Fedurin, M.
name: Swinson, C.
name: Kusche, K.
name: Babzien, M.
name: Palmer, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of an experiment showing the first successful demonstration of a cascaded micro-bunching scheme. Two modulator-chicane pre-bunchers arranged in series and a high power mid-IR laser seed are used to modulate a 52 MeV electron beam into a train of sharp microbunches phase-locked to the external drive laser. This configuration allows to increase the fraction of electrons trapped in a strongly tapered inverse free electron laser (IFEL) undulator to 96\%, with up to 78\% of the particles accelerated to the final design energy yielding a significant improvement compared to the classical single buncher scheme. These results represent a critical advance in laser-based longitudinal phase space manipulations and find application both in high gradient advanced acceleration as well as in high peak and average power coherent radiation sources.
Salvia pinnata Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia pinnata

description: Salvia pinnata, spec. nov.
 26. Salvia foliis compositis pinnatis. Hort. cliff. 13. Roy. lugdb. 309.
 Salvia orientalis latifolia hirsutissima viscosa pinnata, flore & calyce purpureis, inodora. Boerh. lugdb.1. p.167. t.167.
 Horminum arabicum, alatis foliis, flore rubello. Pluk. alm. 186. t.194. f.6.
 Habitat in Oriente & Arabia .
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Theorem on the Lightest Glueball State
Creators: name: West, Geoffrey B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is devoted to proving that, in QCD, the lightest glueball state must be the scalar with $J^{PC} = 0^{++}$. The proof relies upon the positivity of the path integral measure in Euclidean space and the fact that interpolating fields for all spins can be bounded by powers of the scalar glueball operator. The problem presented by the presence of vacuum condensates is circumvented by considering the time evolution of the propagators and exploiting the positivity of the Hamiltonian.
description: 9 pages, using harvmac
Salvia nutans Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1753
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Lamiales
Lamiaceae
Salvia
Salvia nutans

description: Salvia nutans, spec. nov.
27. Salvia foliis cordatis inaequaliter basi excisis, caule subnudo, spicis ante florescentiam cernuis.
 Habitat in Imperio Rutheno . ♃
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1753, Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 27, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.3931989
Colombeau generalized Gevrey ultradistributions and their microlocal analysis
Creators: name: Benmeriem, K.
name: Bouzar, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46F30. 46F05. 46F10. 35A18. 35A27

description: The purpose of this paper is to construct and to study algebras of generalized Gevrey ultardistributions. We define the generalized Gevrey wave front and give its main properties. As a fundamental application, the well known Hormander's theorem on the product of two distributions is extended to the case of generalized Gevrey ultradistributions
Nintedanib in advanced NSCLC of adenocarcinoma histology: a profile of its use in the EU
Creators: name: Sohita Dhillon
Publisher: name: Adis Journals
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Cancer

description: Funding: The preparation of this review was not supported by any external funding.
Conflicts of interest: S. Dhillon is an employee of Adis/Springer, is responsible for the article content and declares no conflicts of interest.
Additional information about this Adis Drug Review can be found here.
Abstract
Nintedanib (Vargatef®) is a triple angiokinase inhibitor that potently blocks the proangiogenic pathways mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor receptors, platelet-derived growth factor receptors and fibroblast growth factor receptors. In the phase 3 LUME-Lung 1 study in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), the subgroup of patients with adenocarcinoma histology who have progressed after first line chemotherapy experienced a significant improvement in progression-free and overall survival with oral nintedanib + docetaxel relative to placebo + docetaxel, with greater benefits seen in patients with rapidly progressing disease. Nintedanib is the first antiangiogenic agent to have shown a survival benefit in the second-line treatment of these patients. Nintedanib combination therapy has a generally manageable tolerability profile. Access to the full article can be found here.
© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018