cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Testing for Trends in High-Dimensional Time Series
Creators: name: Chen, Likai
name: Wu, Wei Biao
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: The article considers statistical inference for trends of high-dimensional time series. Based on a modified L2 distance between parametric and nonparametric trend estimators, we propose a de-diagonalized quadratic form test statistic for testing patterns on trends, such as linear, quadratic, or parallel forms. We develop an asymptotic theory for the test statistic. A Gaussian multiplier testing procedure is proposed and it has an improved finite sample performance. Our testing procedure is applied to a spatial temporal temperature data gathered from various locations across America. A simulation study is also presented to illustrate the performance of our testing method. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Imaging topological defects in a non-collinear antiferromagnet
Creators: name: Finco, Aurore
name: Haykal, Angela
name: Fusil, Stéphane
name: Kumar, Pawan
name: Dufour, Pauline
name: Forget, Anne
name: Colson, Dorothée
name: Chauleau, Jean-Yves
name: Viret, Michel
name: Jaouen, Nicolas
name: Garcia, Vincent
name: Jacques, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the formation of topological defects emerging from the cycloidal antiferromagnetic order at the surface of bulk BiFeO$_3$ crystals. Combining reciprocal and real-space magnetic imaging techniques, we first observe, in a single ferroelectric domain, the coexistence of antiferromagnetic domains in which the antiferromagnetic cycloid propagates along different wavevectors. We then show that the direction of these wavevectors is not strictly locked to the preferred crystallographic axes as continuous rotations bridge different wavevectors. At the junctions between the magnetic domains, we observe topological line defects identical to those found in a broad variety of lamellar physical systems with rotational symmetries. Our work establishes the presence of these magnetic objects at room temperature in the multiferroic antiferromagnet BiFeO$_3$, offering new possibilities for their use in spintronics.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, supplemental material as ancillary file
A BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE APPROACH FOR CHOOSING A OPTIMAL QUALITY SOLUTION
Creators: name: Djordjevic, Aleksandar
name: Cvetic, Tijana
Publisher: name: Center for Quality
Year: 2016
Subjects: optimal selection
business process
optimization model
business intelligence

description: International Journal for Quality Research; Vol 10, No 2, 2016. ISSN 1800-6450
description: The diversity of business processes is very large, and in addition to this diversity between processes there are a number of tools, methods and techniques, especially from the perspective of business intelligence with prominent aspects of their development, the aspect of measurement and analysis of process performance. The purpose of this paper is that for a certain class of problems for which business process are designed to choose certain process model. Through the systematization of the existing models of business processes and methods, techniques and tools for their modeling, the analysis of one class of problems and correspondent business processes has been conducted. In that manner, basis for the new business intelligence optimization model for optimal choice of business processes model is created. To achieve this objective, numerous optimization methods were used from the fields of information engineering, modeling of processes and systems, and decision support systems. In this paper optimization model based on the application of Genetic Algorithm optimization method has been developed.
Performance of Hamamatsu VUV4 SiPMs for detecting liquid argon scintillation
Creators: name: Pershing, Teal
name: Xu, Jingke
name: Bernard, Ethan
name: Kingston, James
name: Mizrachi, Eli
name: Brodsky, Jason
name: Razeto, Alessandro
name: Kachru, Priyanka
name: Bernstein, Adam
name: Pantic, Emilija
name: Jovanovic, Igor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detection of light signals is crucial to a wide range of particle detectors. In particular, efficient detection of vacuum ultraviolet (VUV) light will provide new opportunities for some novel detectors currently being developed, but is technically challenging. In this article, we characterized the performance of Hamamatsu VUV4 silicon photomultipliers (SiPMs) for detecting VUV argon scintillation light without wavelength shifting. Using a customized cryogenic amplifier design, we operated two models of VUV4 SiPMs inside liquid argon and thoroughly examined their direct sensitivities to liquid argon scintillation. In addition to describing their cryogenic performance, we measured a photon detection efficiency of $14.7^{+1.1}_{-2.4}$% and $17.2^{+1.6}_{-3.0}$% at 128 nm for these two VUV4 models for operation at 4 V of overvoltage, with the main uncertainty arising from the SiPM reflectivity for VUV light.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, accepted by JINST. Minor typos corrected in paper. Phrasing modifications made in discussion of afterpulsing results. Comparison of amplifier gain to reference design added. LLNL IM number appended
AMS-02 antiprotons and dark matter: Trimmed hints and robust bounds
Creators: name: Calore, Francesca
name: Cirelli, Marco
name: Derome, Laurent
name: Genolini, Yoann
name: Maurin, David
name: Salati, Pierre
name: Serpico, Pasquale D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Based on 4 yr AMS-02 antiproton data, we present bounds on the dark matter (DM) annihilation cross section vs. mass for some representative final state channels. We use recent cosmic-ray propagation models, a realistic treatment of experimental and theoretical errors, and an updated calculation of input antiproton spectra based on a recent release of the PYTHIA code. We find that reported hints of a DM signal are statistically insignificant; an adequate treatment of errors is crucial for credible conclusions. Antiproton bounds on DM annihilation are among the most stringent ones, probing thermal DM up to the TeV scale. The dependence of the bounds upon propagation models and the DM halo profile is also quantified. A preliminary estimate reaches similar conclusions when applied to the 7 years AMS-02 dataset, but also suggests extra caution as for possible future claims of DM excesses.
description: v2: 33 pages, 6 figures (two of which in two panels); clarifications and a couple of references added, conclusions unchanged
ResearchBox 1090, 'Consumer Waste Aversion Towards Organic Food', https://researchbox.org/1090
Creators: name: Kristina Nadricka
name: Kobe Millet
name: Aylin Aydinli
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Box title: 'Consumer Waste Aversion Towards Organic Food'   Reference: Nadricka K, Millet K, Aydinli A. (2024) 'Are consumers more or less averse to wasting organic food?'. Journal of Environmental Psychology. V93:102222. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvp.2023.102222Note: this backup was created automatically by a ResearchBox bot
Nonparametric Causal Effects Based on Incremental Propensity Score Interventions
Creators: name: Kennedy, Edward H.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
Science Policy
Virology

description: Most work in causal inference considers deterministic interventions that set each unit’s treatment to some fixed value. However, under positivity violations these interventions can lead to nonidentification, inefficiency, and effects with little practical relevance. Further, corresponding effects in longitudinal studies are highly sensitive to the curse of dimensionality, resulting in widespread use of unrealistic parametric models. We propose a novel solution to these problems: incremental interventions that shift propensity score values rather than set treatments to fixed values. Incremental interventions have several crucial advantages. First, they avoid positivity assumptions entirely. Second, they require no parametric assumptions and yet still admit a simple characterization of longitudinal effects, independent of the number of timepoints. For example, they allow longitudinal effects to be visualized with a single curve instead of lists of coefficients. After characterizing incremental interventions and giving identifying conditions for corresponding effects, we also develop general efficiency theory, propose efficient nonparametric estimators that can attain fast convergence rates even when incorporating flexible machine learning, and propose a bootstrap-based confidence band and simultaneous test of no treatment effect. Finally, we explore finite-sample performance via simulation, and apply the methods to study time-varying sociological effects of incarceration on entry into marriage. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Scrutinizing $ππ$ scattering in light of recent lattice phase shifts
Creators: name: Gao, Xiu-Li
name: Guo, Zhi-Hui
name: Xiao, Zhiguang
name: Zhou, Zhi-Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the $IJ=00, 11, 20$ partial wave $ππ$ scattering phase shifts determined by the lattice QCD approach are analyzed by using a novel dispersive solution of the S-matrix, i.e. the PKU representation, in which the unitarity and analyticity of scattering amplitudes are automatically satisfied and the phase shifts are conveniently decomposed into the contributions of the cuts and various poles, including bound states, virtual states and resonances. The contribution of the left-hand cut is estimated by the $SU(2)$ chiral perturbation theory to $\mathcal{O}(p^4)$. The Balanchandran-Nuyts-Roskies relations are considered as constraints to meet the requirements of the crossing symmetry. It is found that the $IJ=00$ $ππ$ scattering phase shifts obtained at $m_π=391$ MeV by Hadron Spectrum Collaboration (HSC) reveal the presence of both a bound state pole and a virtual state pole below the $ππ$ threshold rather than only one bound state pole for the $σ$. To reproduce the lattice phase shifts at $m_π=391$ MeV, a virtual-state pole in the $IJ=20$ channel is found to be necessary in order to balance the left-hand cut effects from the chiral amplitudes. Similar discussions are also carried out for the lattice results with $m_π=236$ MeV from HSC. The observed behaviors of the pole positions with respect to the variation of the pion masses can provide deep insights into our understanding of the dynamical origin of $σ$ resonance.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
title: Der EEG-Fonds. Ein ergänzender Finanzierungsmechanismus für erneuerbare Energien und Vorbild zukünftiger Infrastrukturfinanzierung?
Creators: name: Matschoss, Patrick
name: Töpfer, Klaus
Publisher: name: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
Year: 2015

description: IASS Study
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope I. Overview of the instrument and its capabilities
Creators: name: Jakobsen, P.
name: Ferruit, P.
name: de Oliveira, C. Alves
name: Arribas, S.
name: Bagnasco, G.
name: Barho, R.
name: Beck, T. L.
name: Birkmann, S.
name: Böker, T.
name: Bunker, A. J.
name: Charlot, S.
name: de Jong, P.
name: de Marchi, G.
name: Ehrenwinkler, R.
name: Falcolini, M.
name: Fels, R.
name: Franx, M.
name: Franz, D.
name: Funke, M.
name: Giardino, G.
name: Gnata, X.
name: Holota, W.
name: Honnen, K.
name: Jensen, P. L.
name: Jentsch, M.
name: Johnson, T.
name: Jollet, D.
name: Karl, H.
name: Kling, G.
name: Köhler, J.
name: Kolm, M. G.
name: Kumari, N.
name: Lander, M. E.
name: Lemke, R.
name: López-Caniego, M.
name: Lützgendorf, N.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Manjavacas, E.
name: Marston, A.
name: Maschmann, M.
name: Maurer, R.
name: Messerschmidt, B.
name: Moseley, S. H.
name: Mosner, P.
name: Mott, D. B.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Pirzkal, N.
name: Pittet, J. F.
name: Plitzke, A.
name: Posselt, W.
name: Rapp, B.
name: Rauscher, B. J.
name: Rawle, T.
name: Rix, H. W.
name: Rödel, A.
name: Rumler, P.
name: Sabbi, E.
name: Salvignol, J. C.
name: Schmid, T.
name: Sirianni, M.
name: Smith, C.
name: Strada, P.
name: Plate, M. te
name: Valenti, J.
name: Wettemann, T.
name: Wiehe, T.
name: Wiesmayer, M.
name: Willott, C. J.
name: Wright, R.
name: Zeidler, P.
name: Zincke, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide an overview of the design and capabilities of the near-infrared spectrograph (NIRSpec) onboard the James Webb Space Telescope. NIRSpec is designed to be capable of carrying out low-resolution ($R\!=30\!-330$) prism spectroscopy over the wavelength range $0.6-5.3\!~μ$m and higher resolution ($R\!=500\!-1340$ or $R\!=1320\!-3600$) grating spectroscopy over $0.7-5.2\!~μ$m, both in single-object mode employing any one of five fixed slits, or a 3.1$\times$3.2 arcsec$^2$ integral field unit, or in multiobject mode employing a novel programmable micro-shutter device covering a 3.6$\times$3.4~arcmin$^2$ field of view. The all-reflective optical chain of NIRSpec and the performance of its different components are described, and some of the trade-offs made in designing the instrument are touched upon. The faint-end spectrophotometric sensitivity expected of NIRSpec, as well as its dependency on the energetic particle environment that its two detector arrays are likely to be subjected to in orbit are also discussed.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 22 pages, 19 figures
Bootstrapping High-Frequency Jump Tests
Creators: name: Dovonon, Prosper
name: Gonçalves, Sílvia
name: Hounyo, Ulrich
name: Meddahi, Nour
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: The main contribution of this article is to propose a bootstrap test for jumps based on functions of realized volatility and bipower variation. Bootstrap intraday returns are randomly generated from a mean zero Gaussian distribution with a variance given by a local measure of integrated volatility (which we denote by {v^in}). We first discuss a set of high-level conditions on {v^in} such that any bootstrap test of this form has the correct asymptotic size and is alternative-consistent. We then provide a set of primitive conditions that justify the choice of a thresholding-based estimator for {v^in}. Our cumulant expansions show that the bootstrap is unable to mimic the higher-order bias of the test statistic. We propose a modification of the original bootstrap test which contains an appropriate bias correction term and for which second-order asymptotic refinements are obtained.
ResearchBox 1099, 'Virtuous Victim project', https://researchbox.org/1099
Creators: name: Bates Timothy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Box title: 'Virtuous Victim project'   Reference: Bates TC, Grant C, Hobbs L, Johnston C, Moghaddam S, Sinclair K. (2025) 'Virtuous victimhood as a Dark Triad resource transfer strategy'. Personality and Individual Differences. V234:112964. doi: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112964Note: this backup was created automatically by a ResearchBox bot
SIX SIGMA-BASED X-BAR CONTROL CHART FOR CONTINUOUS QUALITY IMPROVEMENT
Creators: name: Ravichandran, J.
Publisher: name: Center for Quality
Year: 2016
Subjects: continuous quality improvement
conventional control chart
statistical process control
target range
Six Sigma-based X-bar control chart
upper and lower quality limits

description: International Journal for Quality Research; Vol 10, No 2, 2016. ISSN 1800-6450
description: Introduced by Shewhart, the traditional variable control chart for mean (X-bar Chart) is an effective tool for controlling and monitoring processes. Notwithstanding, the main disadvantage of X-bar chart is that the population standard deviation is unknown though the sample mean is an unbiased estimator of the population mean.  There are many approaches to estimating the unknown standard deviation with the expertise available with the researchers and practitioners that may lead to varying conclusions. In this paper, an innovative approach is introduced to estimate the population standard deviation from the perspective of Six Sigma quality for the construction of the proposed control chart for mean called Six Sigma-based X-bar control chart. Under the assumption that the process is normal, in the proposed chart the population mean and standard deviation are drawn from the process specification from the perspective of Six Sigma quality. After discussing the aspects of the traditional X-bar control chart, the procedure for the construction of the proposed new Six Sigma-based X-bar control chart is presented. The new chart is capable of maintaining the process mean close to the target by variance reduction resulting in quality improvement.  Also, it may be noted that at a point of time, the process, though under statistical control, may be maintaining a particular sigma quality level only while the goal is Six Sigma quality level of just 3.4 defects per million opportunities. Hence, as a practice of continuous quality improvement, it is suggested to use the proposed control chart every time with improvement till the goal of Six Sigma with 3.4 defects per million opportunities is achieved. An innovative cyclic approach for performing the continuous quality improvement activity is also presented. The construction of the proposed Six Sigma-based X-bar control chart is demonstrated using an illustrative example.
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope III. Integral-field spectroscopy
Creators: name: Böker, T.
name: Arribas, S.
name: Lützgendorf, N.
name: de Oliveira, C. Alves
name: Beck, T. L.
name: Birkmann, S.
name: Bunker, A. J.
name: Charlot, S.
name: de Marchi, G.
name: Ferruit, P.
name: Giardino, G.
name: Jakobsen, P.
name: Kumari, N.
name: López-Caniego, M.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Manjavacas, E.
name: Marston, A.
name: Moseley, S. H.
name: Muzerolle, J.
name: Ogle, P.
name: Pirzkal, N.
name: Rauscher, B.
name: Rawle, T.
name: Rix, H. W.
name: Sabbi, E.
name: Sargent, B.
name: Sirianni, M.
name: Plate, M. te
name: Valenti, J.
name: Willott, C. J.
name: Zeidler, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) offers the first opportunity to use integral-field spectroscopy from space at near-infrared wavelengths. More specifically, NIRSpec's integral-field unit can obtain spectra covering the wavelength range $0.6 - 5.3~μ$m for a contiguous 3.1 arcsec $\times$ 3.2 arcsec sky area at spectral resolutions of $R \approx 100$, 1000, and 2700. In this paper we describe the optical and mechanical design of the NIRSpec integral-field spectroscopy mode, together with its expected performance. We also discuss a few recommended observing strategies, some of which are driven by the fact that NIRSpec is a multipurpose instrument with a number of different observing modes, which are discussed in companion papers. We briefly discuss the data processing steps required to produce wavelength- and flux-calibrated data cubes that contain the spatial and spectral information. Lastly, we mention a few scientific topics that are bound to benefit from this highly innovative capability offered by JWST/NIRSpec.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 13 pages, 14 figures
Potential Years of Life Lost and Preventable Years of Life Lost : A Primer
Creators: name: B.C. Injury Research And Prevention Unit
Publisher: name: The University of British Columbia
Year: 2021

description: The Potential Years of Life Lost (PYLL) is a measure, or metric, that captures the number of years of life lost due to death from an adverse event. In essence, one PYLL can be thought of as one year of life lost due to a premature death. The Preventable Years of Life Lost (PrYLL) is a measure calculated in the same way as PYLL, except it considers only preventable causes of deaths. In essence, one PrYLL can be thought of as one year of life lost due to a premature death that was preventable.
The Near-Infrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope IV. Capabilities and predicted performance for exoplanet characterization
Creators: name: Birkmann, S. M.
name: Ferruit, P.
name: Giardino, G.
name: Nielsen, L. D.
name: Muñoz, A. García
name: Kendrew, S.
name: Rauscher, B. J.
name: Beck, T. L.
name: Keyes, C.
name: Valenti, J. A.
name: Jakobsen, P.
name: Dorner, B.
name: de Oliveira, C. Alves
name: Arribas, S.
name: Böker, T.
name: Bunker, A. J.
name: Charlot, S.
name: de Marchi, G.
name: Kumari, N.
name: López-Caniego, M.
name: Lützgendorf, N.
name: Maiolino, R.
name: Manjavacas, E.
name: Marston, A.
name: Moseley, S. H.
name: Prizkal, N.
name: Proffitt, C.
name: Rawle, T.
name: Rix, H. W.
name: Plate, M. te
name: Sabbi, E.
name: Sirianni, M.
name: Willott, C. J.
name: Zeidler, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Near-Inrared Spectrograph (NIRSpec) on the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) is a very versatile instrument, offering multiobject and integral field spectroscopy with varying spectral resolution ($\sim$30 to $\sim$3000) over a wide wavelength range from 0.6 to 5.3 micron, enabling scientists to study many science themes ranging from the first galaxies to bodies in our own Solar System. In addition to its integral field unit and support for multiobject spectroscopy, NIRSpec features several fixed slits and a wide aperture specifically designed to enable high precision time-series and transit as well as eclipse observations of exoplanets. In this paper we present its capabilities regarding time-series observations, in general, and transit and eclipse spectroscopy of exoplanets in particular. Due to JWST's large collecting area and NIRSpec's excellent throughput, spectral coverage, and detector performance, this mode will allow scientists to characterize the atmosphere of exoplanets with unprecedented sensitivity.
description: Accepted for publication in A&A. 15 pages, 15 figures
ResearchBox 1155, 'The impact of music on social exclusion recovery', https://researchbox.org/1155
Creators: name: Sydney Wicks
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Box title: 'The impact of music on social exclusion recovery'   Reference: Sydney G. Wicks, 'Distraction by any other name? The impact of music on social exclusion recovery'Note: this backup was created automatically by a ResearchBox bot
title: German and Israeli Cities at the Intersection of Tech Innovation and Decarbonization. Trends and Challenges
Creators: name: Shefer, Ira
Publisher: name: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
Year: 2020

description: This policy brief focuses on the nexus between decarbonization and tech innovation on the municipal level in Germany and Israel. It asks how decarbonization and innovation are coupled in cities in both countries, and what this nexus brings with it. To answer these questions, the following text provides a qualitative analysis of two German and two Israeli forerunner cities that are involved in efforts and practices of urban decarbonization and innovation.
description: Policy Paper Series "Decarbonization Strategies in Germany and Israel" ; 9/2020
Supplementary document for Bendable long graded index lens microendoscopy - 6020821.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Guigen
name: Kang, Jeon Woong
name: Bhagavatula, Sharath
name: Ahn, Sebastian
name: So, Peter
name: Tearney, Guillermo
name: Jonas, Oliver
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2025
Subjects: Optical Technology

description: Supplemental Materials
Excess Optimism: How Biased is the Apparent Error of an Estimator Tuned by SURE?
Creators: name: Tibshirani, Ryan J.
name: Rosset, Saharon
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Nearly all estimators in statistical prediction come with an associated tuning parameter, in one way or another. Common practice, given data, is to choose the tuning parameter value that minimizes a constructed estimate of the prediction error of the estimator; we focus on Stein’s unbiased risk estimator, or SURE, which forms an unbiased estimate of the prediction error by augmenting the observed training error with an estimate of the degrees of freedom of the estimator. Parameter tuning via SURE minimization has been advocated by many authors, in a wide variety of problem settings, and in general, it is natural to ask: what is the prediction error of the SURE-tuned estimator? An obvious strategy would be simply use the apparent error estimate as reported by SURE, that is, the value of the SURE criterion at its minimum, to estimate the prediction error of the SURE-tuned estimator. But this is no longer unbiased; in fact, we would expect that the minimum of the SURE criterion is systematically biased downwards for the true prediction error. In this work, we define the excess optimism of the SURE-tuned estimator to be the amount of this downward bias in the SURE minimum. We argue that the following two properties motivate the study of excess optimism: (i) an unbiased estimate of excess optimism, added to the SURE criterion at its minimum, gives an unbiased estimate of the prediction error of the SURE-tuned estimator; (ii) excess optimism serves as an upper bound on the excess risk, that is, the difference between the risk of the SURE-tuned estimator and the oracle risk (where the oracle uses the best fixed tuning parameter choice). We study excess optimism in two common settings: shrinkage estimators and subset regression estimators. Our main results include a James–Stein-like property of the SURE-tuned shrinkage estimator, which is shown to dominate the MLE; and both upper and lower bounds on excess optimism for SURE-tuned subset regression. In the latter setting, when the collection of subsets is nested, our bounds are particularly tight, and reveal that in the case of no signal, the excess optimism is always in between 0 and 10 degrees of freedom, regardless of how many models are being selected from. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
Probing the Early History of Cosmic Reionization by Future Cosmic Microwave Background Experiments
Creators: name: Sakamoto, Hina
name: Ahn, Kyungjin
name: Ichiki, Kiyotomo
name: Moon, Hyunjin
name: Hasegawa, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 85A40

description: Cosmic Reionization imprints its signature on the temperature and polarization anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB). Advances in CMB telescopes have already placed a significant constraint on the history of reionization. As near-future CMB telescopes target the maximum sensitivity, or observations limited only by the cosmic variance (CV), we hereby forecast the potential of future CMB observations in constraining the history of reionization. In this study, we perform Markov Chain Monte Carlo analysis for CV-limited E-mode polarization observations such as the LiteBIRD (Light satellite for the studies of B-mode polarization and Inflation from cosmic background Radiation Detection), based on a few different methods that vary in the way of sampling reionization histories. We focus especially on estimating the very early history of reionization that occurs at redshifts $z>15$, which is quantified by the partial CMB optical depth due to free electrons at $z>15$, $τ_{z>15}$. We find that reionization with $τ_{z>15} \sim 0.008$, which are well below the current upper limit $τ_{z>15} \sim 0.02$, are achievable by reionization models with minihalo domination in the early phase and can be distinguished from those with $τ_{z>15} \lesssim 5\times 10^{-4}$ through CV-limited CMB polarization observations. An accurate estimation of $τ_{z>15}$, however, remains somewhat elusive. We investigate whether resampling the E-mode polarization data with limited spherical-harmonic modes may resolve this shortcoming.
description: 13 pages, 18figures
Eremobelba gracilior Berlese 1908
Creators: name: Revelo-Tobar, Harol
name: Ojeda, Margarita
name: García-Ayala, Leonardo J.
name: Palacios-Vargas, José G.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Arachnida
Sarcoptiformes
Eremobelbidae
Eremobelba
Eremobelba gracilior

description: Eremobelba gracilior Berlese, 1908
 Distribution: Holartic and Mexico.
 Habitat: Gardenia, Bougainvillea and orchid plant.
 References: Hammer (1969): 70; Hoffmann & López-Campos (2000): 153; Hoffmann & López-Campos (2002): 274.
 Remarks: The authors did not provide the exact location of the collection site for his species reports.
description: Published as part of Revelo-Tobar, Harol, Ojeda, Margarita, García-Ayala, Leonardo J. & Palacios-Vargas, José G., 2024, Checklist Of Oribatid Mites (Acari: Oribatida) From Mexico, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 5465 (1) on page 79, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5465.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/11613709
The double detonation of a double degenerate system, from Type Ia supernova explosion to its supernova remnant
Creators: name: Ferrand, Gilles
name: Tanikawa, Ataru
name: Warren, Donald C.
name: Nagataki, Shigehiro
name: Safi-Harb, Samar
name: Decourchelle, Anne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Type Ia supernovae (SNe) are believed to be caused by the thermonuclear explosion of a white dwarf (WD), but the nature of the progenitor system(s) is still unclear. Recent theoretical and observational developments have led to renewed interest in double degenerate models, in particular the "helium-ignited violent merger" or "dynamically-driven double-degenerate double-detonation" (D$^6$). In this paper we take the output of an existing D$^6$ SN model and carry it into the supernova remnant (SNR) phase up to 4000 years after the explosion, past the time when all the ejecta have been shocked. Assuming a uniform ambient medium, we reveal specific signatures of the explosion mechanism and spatial variations intrinsic to the ejecta. The first detonation produces an ejecta tail visible at early times, while the second detonation leaves a central density peak in the ejecta that is visible at late times. The SNR shell is off-centre at all times, because of an initial velocity shift due to binary motion. The companion WD produces a large conical shadow in the ejecta, visible in projection as a dark patch surrounded by a bright ring. This is a clear and long-lasting feature that is localized, and its impact on the observed morphology is dependent on the viewing angle of the SNR. These results offer a new way to diagnose the explosion mechanism and progenitor system using observations of a Type Ia SNR.
description: Accepted by ApJ. Animated figures will be available on the online version
อิทธิพลของการรับรู้คุณค่าตราสินค้า การสื่อสารการตลาด และคุณภาพการบริการต่อความพึงพอใจศูนย์ปฏิบัติการนักกีฬาจังหวัดชลบุรี
Creators: name: สราลี  สนธิ์จันทร์
Publisher: name: Kasem bundit University
Year: 2024
Subjects: คุณค่าตราสินค้า
การสื่อสารการตลาด
คุณภาพการบริการ
ศูนย์ปฏิบัติการชลบุรีเฮาส์

description: Kasem Bundit Journal, 25, 2, 1 - 18
ความพึงพอใจของชาวบ้านต่อการดำเนินงานโครงการบ้านมั่นคงสวรรค์เมืองใหม่
Creators: name: ประสาน บุญโสภาคย์
Publisher: name: Kasem bundit University
Year: 2024
Subjects: ความพึงพอใจ
โครงการบ้านมั่นคงสวรรค์เมืองใหม่

description: Kasem Bundit Journal, 25, 2, 19 - 37
title: Strategien zur Reduktion von Lebensmittelverpackungen. Unverpackt-Konzepte, Mehrweg-Systeme und regionale Versorgungsstrukturen als Ansätze zur reduzierten Nutzung von Einweg-Plastikverpackungen
Creators: name: Wiefek, Jasmin
name: Michels-Ehrentraut, Rachel
name: Stolberg, Andreas
name: Beyerl, Katharina
Publisher: name: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
Year: 2021

description: Der derzeit hohe Verbrauch an Plastikverpackungen stellt ein komplexes sozial-ökologisches Risiko dar. Am Institut für transformative Nachhaltigkeitsforschung (IASS) haben Umweltpsychologinnen und -psychologen im Rahmen des vom Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung geförderten Verbundprojektes ENSURE erforscht, wie eine Reduktion des individuellen Verbrauchs von Plastikverpackungen für Lebensmittel gefördert werden kann. Laut einer im ENSURE-Projekt durchgeführten repräsentativen deutschlandweiten Online-Befragung mit 1200 Teilnehmenden erleben 92 Prozent der Befragten Plastikmüll in der Umwelt als bedrohlich im Hinblick auf den Erhalt unserer natürlichen Lebensgrundlagen. Trotz des hohen Problembewusstseins nimmt der Verbrauch an Verpackungen im Alltag weiterhin stetig zu: 2018 fielen in Deutschland über drei Millionen Tonnen Kunststoffverpackungsabfälle an, womit sich die Menge seit 1997 mehr als verdoppelt hat. Die Ergebnisse des ENSURE-Projektes zeigen, dass die Bereitschaft der Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten ihren Verbrauch an Plastikverpackungen zu reduzieren zwar gegeben ist, jedoch durch persönliche sowie strukturelle Barrieren behindert wird. Es bedarf politischen Handelns, um diese vielfältigen Barrieren abzubauen und die Konsumentinnen und Konsumenten in ihren Bemühungen zu unterstützen. Der vorliegende Policy Brief schlägt drei Strategien vor, die zur Reduktion des Verbrauchs von Verpackungen im Alltag beitragen. Auf den folgenden Seiten werden nach einer Vorstellung des Kontextes diese drei Empfehlungen ausführlicher erläutert. Im Fazit heben wir die Notwendigkeit eines systemischen Ansatzes zur Reduktion von Verpackungen hervor.
Клонирование КРС технологией HMC: преимущества метода, достижения
Creators: name: Семенова Е. И.
name: Кириенко К. В.
name: Миронова А. Г.
name: Икономов П. Г.
name: Апрышко В. П.
name: Бондаренко М. С.
name: Гришин Д. С.
name: Заводовская М. С.
name: Мартын В. Ф.
name: Васильева О. В.
name: Шокирова Н. С.
name: Яковенко С. А.
Publisher: name: Эффективное животноводство
Year: 2025
Subjects: соматическое клонирование
крупный рогатый скот
клонирование животных
биотехнологическая лаборатория
«ручное» клонирование
somatic cloning
cattle
animal cloning
biotechnology laboratory
Handmade cloning

description: В статье рассматривается соматический метод клонирования млекопитающих, в частности, крупного рогатого скота голштинской породы. В нашей лаборатории «Альтраген» была освоена и отработана на практике технология HMC (Handmade Cloning), разработанная австралийским ученым Габором Вайта, в результате чего была получена первая в России клонированная соматическим методом корова Звёздочка
description: The article discusses the somatic method of cloning mammals, in particular, Holstein cattle. In our laboratory “Altragen” the HMC (Handmade cloning) technology developed by the Australian scientist Gabor Vajta was mastered and tested in practice, as a result of which the first cow in Russia cloned by the somatic method, Zvezdochka, was obtained.
title: Windausbau vor Ort – Potentiale erkennen, Beteiligung und Teilhabe stärken
Creators: name: Wolf, Ingo
name: Teune, Simon
name: Fischer, Anne-Kathrin
name: Huttarsch, Jean-Henri
Publisher: name: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
Year: 2021

description: Um den steigenden Strombedarf zu decken und die Klimaschutzziele der Bundesregierung zu erreichen, ist ein beschleunigter Ausbau der Windenergie notwendig. In der deutschen Bevölkerung findet der geplante Aus- und Neubau von Windkraftanlagen an Land hohe generelle Zustimmung. Geht es jedoch um die Errichtung von Anlagen im eigenen Wohnumfeld, nimmt die Ablehnung unter den betroffenen Bürgerinnen und Bürgern zu. Die Gründe für Vorbehalte und Gegnerschaft sind vielfältig. Deutliche Kritik an der Umsetzung der Energiewende kommt nicht nur von Gegnern, sondern auch von Unterstützern. Unter den Menschen, die den Windausbau generell und vor Ort befürworten, hat ein beträchtlicher Anteil den Eindruck, dass ihre Bedürfnisse von den Entscheidungsträgern nicht ausreichend wahrgenommen werden. Der Wunsch nach mehr Mitsprache wird vornehmlich von Menschen geäußert, die Sorge haben, dass der Ausbau der Erneuerbaren den sozialen Zusammenhalt in den Gemeinden gefährdet, die das Gefühl haben, dass die Anliegen der Betroffenen nicht ernst genommen werden und die die Umsetzung der Energiewende allgemein als bürgerfern wahrnehmen. Damit die Energiewende als Gemeinschaftswerk besser gelingen kann, bedarf es der breiten Einbindung der Bürgerinnen und Bürger. Sind die Menschen vor Ort durch den Bau von Windkraftanlagen unmittelbar mit der Energiewende konfrontiert, ist es deshalb umso wichtiger, dass sie bei der Gestaltung ihres Lebensumfeldes mitreden können und auch die Möglichkeit haben, persönlich und als Gemeinde insgesamt zu profitieren. Durch eine Ausweitung der Beteiligungs- und Teilhabemöglichkeiten können die Menschen die Energiewende zu ihrer eigenen Sache machen. Dabei ist es wichtig, die unterschiedlich gelagerten Gründe für Ablehnung, fehlende Beteiligung und Teilhabe zu verstehen und zielgruppengerecht zu adressieren. Dieser Policy Brief gibt Empfehlungen, wie es beim Windausbau besser gelingen kann, die Identifikation mit den Zielen der Energiewende zu stärken, Kommunen bei der Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung zu unterstützen und Teilhabemöglichkeiten sozial gerechter zu gestalten.
description: IASS Policy Brief, 2021, 4
Inverse Probability Weighted Estimation of Risk Under Representative Interventions in Observational Studies
Creators: name: Young, Jessica G.
name: Logan, Roger W.
name: Robins, James M.
name: Hernán, Miguel A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health
subject: Computational Biology

description: Researchers are often interested in using observational data to estimate the effect on a health outcome of maintaining a continuous treatment within a prespecified range over time, for example, “always exercise at least 30 minutes per day.” There may be many precise interventions that could achieve this range. In this article, we consider representative interventions. These are special cases of random dynamic interventions: interventions under which treatment at each time is assigned according to a random draw from a distribution that may depend on a subject’s measured past. Estimators of risk under representative interventions on a time-varying treatment have previously been described based on g-estimation of structural nested cumulative failure time models. In this article, we consider an alternative approach based on inverse probability weighting (IPW) of marginal structural models. In particular, we show that the risk under a representative intervention on a time-varying continuous treatment can be consistently estimated via computationally simple IPW methods traditionally used for deterministic static (i.e., “nonrandom” and “nondynamic”) interventions for binary treatments. We present an application of IPW in this setting to estimate the 28-year risk of coronary heart disease under various representative interventions on lifestyle behaviors in the Nurses' Health Study. Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
title: Human Resources Development: Literacy, Schooling, Nonformal Education, Women's Education
Creators: name: Evans, David R.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Education

description: Workshop Paper #2 Report from a symposium sponsored by Oxfam America and the University of Massachusetts, Center for International Education
description: Education in Namibia under the illegal colonial regime (was) characterized by inequality, segregation and other apartheid conditions...Schools for various population groups are segregated along racial and ethnic lines. Ethnicity is promoted at the cost of national unity by the provision of segregated schools, linguistic segregation, and curricula that attempt to promote the special status of whites. While education is compulsory for whites, there are not enough schools for Africans. The schools for Africans are staffed with unqualified or inadequately qualified teachers... Pupil to teacher ratios in the African schools are much higher than those in the white schools. Funds allocated for the education of the white pupils are many times higher... The education system in Namibia thus works against promoting national unity and the creation of an egalitarian society. The new education system in independent Namibia will need to correct these wrongs. An alternative education policy must therefore view the need for change as its central theme... Toward achieving this change the Liberation Movement has identified the following areas of action: 1) Urgent training of technical and professional cadres... ; 2) Provision for work-oriented, comprehensive education and training for illiterate and semi-literate adults; 3) Laying the foundation of a free and universal education for all Namibians from primary, through secondary to university level by training many teachers and educationists now; and 4) Developing the people's cultural creativeness. These areas of action emphasize that any meaningful development depends on the development of human resources through education ... (and) that education must embody the ethos of total liberation of man from the humiliations of the past, ignorance, superstition, and exploitation. (The) objectives outlined above cannot be viewed as day one conditions but should be considered long term guidelines because their implementation would require significant structural changes, enormous resources, and, above all, favorable attitudes ... implementation of these guidelines would therefore need to be synchronized with the overall national policies of independent Namibia. (UNIN, 1984, p. 20-23)
Isolated intracaval recurrence of resected renal carcinoma
Creators: name: Tonolini, Massimo
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Kidney
subject: Vascular
subject: Veins / Vena cava
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Neoplasia

description: Clinical History Image Findings Discussion Find Diagnosis Differential Diagnosis
description: female, 58 years
description: Clinical History: Asymptomatic woman on regular clinical and imaging follow-up after previous (6 years earlier) radical surgery for 8-cm T3b renal cell carcinoma with venous invasion, including right nephrectomy vena cavotomy and thrombectomy. No significant abnormal... Final Diagnosis: Recurrent renal cella carcinoma in the inferior vena cava.
Fur also known as “Darfur”
Creators: name: Pitek, Emily
Publisher: name: Database of Religious History (DRH)
Year: 2020

description: “Darfur, or Darfor, means the land of the Fors, who were once the owners and sole inhabitants of the whole province. They have, however, been driven back into the western part of the country, the remainder of which is now inhabited by various invaders…” (Felkin, 1885:205). This entry focuses on the Fur living in the Jebel Marra area of Darfur around the time of 1880. Although Darfur was taken by the Egyptians in the 1870’s, the province of Jebel Marra was not actually subjugated until 1881 when the last sultan (Haroun) was killed. Darfur later became a province of Sudan in the 1910’s. At the time this entry focuses on, Darfur was divided into five provinces (each ruled by an official), with each province subdivided into smaller districts led by local governors. A hereditary sultan oversaw Darfur as a whole. After centuries of cultural contact with Arab peoples and Islamic beliefs, the Fur are primarily Muslim, but elements of their original beliefs remain (such as agricultural festivals, and they have laws differing from those of the Koran). The Fur religious beliefs center on Molu, the one high god. Also present are spirits of the deceased, but these supernatural beings are not involved in daily life. Religious practitioners known as puggee’s had influence over the Sultan and chiefs, and were often more powerful than chiefs. Any male could become a puggee after training in reading, writing, and the Koran, as well as Fur law. Religion does not have its own distinctive sphere in Fur life; rather, it is bound up with the functioning of society as a whole. Consequently, this entry considers the religious group to be coterminous with the society.
title: Vom Gefahren- zum Chancennarrativ. Wie Klimakommunikation psychologische Barrieren gegenüber nachhaltigem Handeln überwinden kann
Creators: name: Nagel, Laura
Publisher: name: Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS)
Year: 2022

description: Dieses Paper behandelt Barrieren und positive Einflussfaktoren auf persönliches und öffentliches Engagement für Klimaschutz. Der Erfolg von ambitionierter Klimaschutzpolitik hängt in Demokratien von gesellschaftlicher Zustimmung und Ownership für die unternommenen Maßnahmen ab. AktivistInnen und EntscheidungsträgerInnen müssen ihre Ideen auf eine Weise kommunizieren, die die Menschen anspricht und sie aufrüttelt. Um dabei Erfolg zu haben, muss zunächst verstanden werden, was Menschen zum Handeln motiviert und was sie daran hindert. Dieses Paper trägt zur Beantwortung dieser Fragen bei, indem es einen Überblick über Theorien der Psychologie und der Kommunikationswissenschaft über die kognitiven Tendenzen gibt, die eine logische Entscheidungsfindung behindern. Anschließend wird eine Alternative zum weitverbreiteten „Angstaufruf“ in der Klimawandelkommunikation vorgeschlagen: ein positives, chancenorientiertes Framing, das mit den Werten der Menschen im Einklang steht und das Potenzial hat, langfristiges Engagement für nachhaltige Maßnahmen anzuregen. Schließlich wird aufgezeigt, wie das sogenannte Co-benefits Framing in der Politik genutzt werden kann.