cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Realisation of adiabatic and diabatic CZ gates in superconducting qubits coupled with a tunable coupler
Creators: name: Xu, Huikai
name: Liu, Weiyang
name: Li, Zhiyuan
name: Han, Jiaxiu
name: Zhang, Jingning
name: Linghu, Kehuan
name: Li, Yongchao
name: Chen, Mo
name: Yang, Zhen
name: Wang, Junhua
name: Ma, Teng
name: Xue, Guangming
name: Jin, Yirong
name: Yu, Haifeng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High fidelity two-qubit gates are fundamental for scaling up the superconducting number. We use two qubits coupled via a frequency-tunable coupler which can adjust the coupling strength, and demonstrate the CZ gate using two different schemes, adiabatic and diabatic methods. The Clifford based Randomized Benchmarking (RB) method is used to assess and optimize the CZ gate fidelity. The fidelity of adiabatic and diabatic CZ gates are 99.53(8)% and 98.72(2)%, respectively. We also analyze the errors induced by the decoherence. Comparing to 30 ns duration time of adiabatic CZ gate, the duration time of diabatic CZ gate is 19 ns, revealing lower incoherence error rate $r'_{\rm{incoherent, int}}$ = 0.0197(5) than $r_{\rm{incoherent, int}}$ = 0.0223(3).
TA'LIMDA BULLING FENOMENI
Creators: name: Sh.A.Tadjibayeva, Sh.Qulmaxmatova
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Annotatsiya: ushbu maqolada bugungi kunda ta`lim muassasalarida va boshqa jamoat joylarda bo`layotgan bulling fenomeni haqida nazariy bilim, hayotiy tajriba keltirilgan.
Newtonian calibrator tests during the Virgo O3 data taking
Creators: name: Estevez, Dimitri
name: Mours, Benoît
name: Pradier, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The gravitational-wave detectors outputs from the LIGO and Virgo collaborations have been a source of scientific results of prime importance in various domains such as astrophysics, cosmology or fundamental physics. With the upgrades of the detectors and their improved sensitivities, new challenges are set for these instruments calibration. A calibration method based on the local variations of the Newtonian gravitational field could be the next absolute reference of calibration for the interferometers network. We report new tests of Newtonian calibrators (NCal) on the Advanced Virgo detector performed during the LIGO-Virgo observing run O3. The NCal-induced strain on a mirror of the interferometer has been computed both using analytical calculations and numerical simulations with results in very good agreement. The strains given by the numerical model have been used to analyse the data of the NCals and have been compared to the reference method of calibration using photon radiation pressure. New methods to measure the NCal to mirror distance and the NCal offset with respect to the plane of the interferometer using two NCals are also presented and used to correct the NCal data which improves the agreement with the current Advanced Virgo reference of calibration.
Dynamical Invariants in the Deterministic Fixed-Energy Sandpile
Creators: name: Casartelli, Mario
name: Dall'Asta, Luca
name: Vezzani, Alessandro
name: Vivo, Pierpaolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Cellular Automata and Lattice Gases (nlin.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The non-ergodic behavior of the deterministic Fixed Energy Sandpile (DFES), with Bak-Tang-Wiesenfeld (BTW) rule, is explained by the complete characterization of a class of dynamical invariants (or toppling invariants). The link between such constants of motion and the discrete Laplacian's properties on graphs is algebraically and numerically clarified. In particular, it is possible to build up an explicit algorithm determining the complete set of independent toppling invariants. The partition of the configuration space into dynamically invariant sets, and the further refinement of such a partition into basins of attraction for orbits, are also studied. The total number of invariant sets equals the graph's complexity. In the case of two dimensional lattices, it is possible to estimate a very regular exponential growth of this number vs. the size. Looking at other features, the toppling invariants exhibit a highly irregular behavior. The usual constraint on the energy positiveness introduces a transition in the frozen phase. In correspondence to this transition, a dynamical crossover related to the halting times is observed. The analysis of the configuration space shows that the DFES has a different structure with respect to dissipative BTW and stochastic sandpiles models, supporting the conjecture that it lies in a distinct class of universality.
description: 15 pages
Charmed $Ω_c$ weak decays into $Ω$ in the light-front quark model
Creators: name: Hsiao, Yu-Kuo
name: Yang, Ling
name: Lih, Chong-Chung
name: Tsai, Shang-Yuu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: More than ten $Ω_c^0$ weak decay modes have been measured with the branching fractions relative to that of $Ω^0_c\toΩ^-π^+$. In order to extract the absolute branching fractions, the study of $Ω^0_c\toΩ^-π^+$ is needed. In this work, we predict ${\cal B}_π\equiv {\cal B}(Ω_c^0\toΩ^-π^+)=(5.1\pm 0.7)\times 10^{-3}$ with the $Ω_c^0\toΩ^-$ transition form factors calculated in the light-front quark model. We also predict ${\cal B}_ρ\equiv {\cal B}(Ω_c^0\toΩ^-ρ^+)=(14.4\pm 0.4)\times 10^{-3}$ and ${\cal B}_e\equiv{\cal B}(Ω_c^0\toΩ^-e^+ν_e)=(5.4\pm 0.2)\times 10^{-3}$. The previous values for ${\cal B}_ρ/{\cal B}_π$ have been found to deviate from the most recent observation. Nonetheless, our ${\cal B}_ρ/{\cal B}_π=2.8\pm 0.4$ is able to alleviate the deviation. Moreover, we obtain ${\cal B}_e/{\cal B}_π=1.1\pm 0.2$, which is consistent with the current data.
description: 12 pages, 2 figures
Fragmentation of an advanced ceramic under ballistic impact: Mechanisms and microstructure
Creators: Hogan, James D.
Farbaniec, Lukasz
Mallick, Debjoy
Domnich, Vladislav
Kuwelkar, Kanak
Sano, Tomoko
McCauley, James W.
Ramesh, Kaliat T.
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2017

In this paper, the impact-induced fragmentation of a commercially available hot-pressed boron carbide is explored. Fragmentation has been noted previously by many authors to be important in the impact performance of advanced ceramics, and so this paper seeks to provide some of the first near-complete and detailed measurements of individual fragment size and shape distributions available in the literature. Fragment size and shapes are quantified using methods developed in previous papers by the authors, and results reveal that two distinct fragmentation mechanisms exist as a consequence of the impact failure of boron carbide: one mechanism that creates small fragments that is associated with the coalescence of fractures originating from carbonaceous defects in the material, and one that creates larger fragments that is associated with structural failure (e.g., radial and circumferential cracking). While these mechanisms are similar to those noted for uniaxial compressive failure, results presented here highlight the importance of fragment shape as a consequence of impact failure. Namely, results indicate that both blocky and shard fragments are formed during impact into a boron carbide plate. Blocky and shard fragment types span across both the small and large fragmentation mechanisms. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy, blocky fragments were found to be associated with the predominant growth of cracks parallel to the impact direction, while shard fragments contain fracture surfaces that are associated with crack growth and coalescence in a direction perpendicular to the impact direction. The shards are, thus, believed to be a consequence of structural bending. No amorphous features were found on any blocky or shard fragments observed in this study (determined using Raman Spectroscopy), suggesting brittle fracture may be the dominant mechanisms that creates the shard fragments. Altogether, the implications of these results is that one can control fragment size and shape by controlling the carbonaceous defects population in boron carbide. This should help in the design of next-generation advanced ceramics for personal protection.
PHENIX results on fluctuations and Bose-Einstein correlations in Au+Au collisions from the RHIC Beam Energy Scan
Creators: name: Garg, Prakhar
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: qm15
phenix
fluctuations
bose-einstein
au+au
hbt
cumulant
correlations

description: Talk presented at the Quark Matter 2015 conference
SplitEasy: A Practical Approach for Training ML models on Mobile Devices
Creators: name: Palanisamy, Kamalesh
name: Khimani, Vivek
name: Moti, Moin Hussain
name: Chatzopoulos, Dimitris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern mobile devices, although resourceful, cannot train state-of-the-art machine learning models without the assistance of servers, which require access to, potentially, privacy-sensitive user data. Split learning has recently emerged as a promising technique for training complex deep learning (DL) models on low-powered mobile devices. The core idea behind this technique is to train the sensitive layers of a DL model on mobile devices while offloading the computationally intensive layers to a server. Although a lot of works have already explored the effectiveness of split learning in simulated settings, a usable toolkit for this purpose does not exist. In this work, we highlight the theoretical and technical challenges that need to be resolved to develop a functional framework that trains ML models in mobile devices without transferring raw data to a server. Focusing on these challenges, we propose SplitEasy, a framework for training ML models on mobile devices using split learning. Using the abstraction provided by SplitEasy, developers can run various DL models under split learning setting by making minimal modifications. We provide a detailed explanation of SplitEasy and perform experiments with six state-of-the-art neural networks. We demonstrate how SplitEasy can train models that cannot be trained solely by a mobile device while incurring nearly constant time per data sample.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, Accepted at the ACM HotMobile workshop
Thermodynamics and equilibrium structure of Ne_38 cluster: Quantum Mechanics versus Classical
Creators: name: Predescu, Cristian
name: Frantsuzov, Pavel A.
name: Mandelshtam, Vladimir A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equilibrium properties of classical LJ_38 versus quantum Ne_38 Lennard-Jones clusters are investigated. The quantum simulations use both the Path-Integral Monte-Carlo (PIMC) and the recently developed Variational-Gaussian-Wavepacket Monte-Carlo (VGW-MC) methods. The PIMC and the classical MC simulations are implemented in the parallel tempering framework. The VGW method is used to locate and characterize the low energy states of Ne_38, which are then further refined by PIMC calculations. Unlike the classical case, the ground state of Ne_38 is a liquid-like structure. Among the several liquid-like states with energies below the two symmetric states (O_h and C_5v), the lowest two exhibit strong delocalization over basins associated with at least two classical local minima. Because the symmetric structures do not play an essential role in the thermodynamics of Ne_38, the quantum heat capacity is a featureless curve indicative of the absence of any structural transformations. Good agreement between the two methods, VGW and PIMC, is obtained.
description: 13 pages, 9 figures
Ciencia ciudadana para monitorizar la contaminación odorífera: material para el alumnado
Creators: name: Arias, Rosa
name: Escarrabill, Mar
name: Karinna Matozinhos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ciencia Ciudadana
STEAM
Contaminación odorífera

description: OdourCollect es un proyecto de ciencia ciudadana sobre contaminación odorífera que convierte a estudiantes - y a sus familias, vecindario y ¡quienes quieran unirse! - en investigadores/as ambientales que exploran su ciudad para monitorizar los olores de su entorno. A través de esta Unidad Didáctica, alumnos/as de secundaria descubrirán cómo recolectar y categorizar olores a través del mejor de los sensores: nuestra nariz. Al mismo tiempo, estarán participando en un proyecto de investigación científica real. Echa un vistazo también al material de acompañamiento para el profesorado.
Two-loop additive mass renormalization with clover fermions and Symanzik improved gluons
Creators: name: Skouroupathis, A.
name: Constantinou, M.
name: Panagopoulos, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the critical value of the hopping parameter, $κ_c$, in Lattice QCD, up to two loops in perturbation theory. We employ the Sheikholeslami-Wohlert (clover) improved action for fermions and the Symanzik improved gluon action with 4- and 6-link loops. The quantity which we study is a typical case of a vacuum expectation value resulting in an additive renormalization; as such, it is characterized by a power (linear) divergence in the lattice spacing, and its calculation lies at the limits of applicability of perturbation theory. Our results are polynomial in $c_{SW}$ (clover parameter) and cover a wide range of values for the Symanzik coefficients $c_i$. The dependence on the number of colors N and the number of fermion flavors $N_f$ is shown explicitly. In order to compare our results to non perturbative evaluations of $κ_c$ coming from Monte Carlo simulations, we employ an improved perturbation theory method for improved actions.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, 14 tables. Phys. Rev. D77, Number 1 (2008)
Tighter thermodynamic bound on speed limit in systems with unidirectional transitions
Creators: name: Gupta, Deepak
name: Busiello, Daniel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a general discrete state-space system with both unidirectional and bidirectional links. In contrast to bidirectional links, there is no reverse transition along the unidirectional links. Herein, we first compute the statistical length and the thermodynamic cost function for transitions in the probability space, highlighting contributions from total, environmental, and resetting (unidirectional) entropy production. Then, we derive the thermodynamic bound on the speed limit to connect two distributions separated by a finite time, showing the effect of the presence of unidirectional transitions. Novel uncertainty relationships can be found for the \textit{temporal} first and second moments of the average resetting entropy production. We derive simple expressions in the limit of slow unidirectional transition rates. Finally, we present a refinement of the thermodynamic bound, by means of an optimization procedure. We numerically investigate these results on systems that stochastically reset with constant and periodic resetting rate.
description: 13 Pages, 7 figures, Accepted in PRE
Current-induced switching in single ferromagnetic layer nanopillar junctions
Creators: name: Oezyilmaz, Barbaros
name: Kent, Andrew D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current induced magnetization dynamics in asymmetric Cu/Co/Cu single magnetic layer nanopillars has been studied experimentally at room temperature and in low magnetic fields applied perpendicular to the thin film plane. In sub-100 nm junctions produced using a nanostencil process a bistable state with two distinct resistance values is observed. Current sweeps at fixed applied fields reveal hysteretic and abrupt transitions between these two resistance states. The current induced resistance change is 0.5%, a factor of 5 greater than the anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) effect. We present an experimentally obtained low field phase diagram of current induced magnetization dynamics in single ferromagnetic layer pillar junctions.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Zygonectes (Zygonetes) Agassiz 1854
Creators: name: Hernández-Ávila, Sonia Gabriela
name: Hoagstrom, Christopher W.
name: Matamoros, Wilfredo A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Cyprinodontiformes
Fundulidae
Zygonectes

description: Subgenus Zygonectes
– F. sciadicus – Plancterus
Our tree uniquely groups F. sciadicus as sister to Plancterus (Fundulus kansae Girard, 1859 – Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert, 1883). Divergence of this group from Zygonectes 20.4– 13.0 Mya (Fig. 3, node 17; Table 2) and a transition from coastal to upland habitat (Fig. 2) suggest that the MRCA of F. sciadicus – Plancterus immigrated up the Mississippi River (Fig. 8), which extended to the nascent Great Plains (Snedden and Galloway 2019). Fundulus sciadicus and Plancterus species are grassland associates (Cross and Moss 1987, Fausch and Bestgen 1997). We hypothesize that the MRCA diverged from eastern relatives via adaptation to grassland habitats on the northern Great Plains. Accordingly, the 16.6 Mya point estimate for divergence of this group corresponds to a time when the Great Plains region was already ~68% open habitat (Edwards et al. 2010, Andermann et al. 2022). Also, the Ogallala Formation, which forms the substrate of the Great Plains, was forming at this time (Chapin 2008, Galloway et al. 2011). The 5.0–2.6 Mya fossil † Fundulus detillae Hibbard & Dunkle, 1942, recovered from the Ogallala formation in Kansas (Ghedotti and Davis 2017, Cashner and Echelle 2020), is consistent with the hypothesis that this lineage originated on the northern plains. Altogether, this evidence suggests that the F. sciadicus group might be a case of ecological isolation.
description: Published as part of Hernández-Ávila, Sonia Gabriela, Hoagstrom, Christopher W. & Matamoros, Wilfredo A., 2024, Historical biogeography of North American killifishes (Cyprinodontiformes) recapitulates geographical history in the Gulf of México watershed in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 202 (2), DOI: 10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae105, http://zenodo.org/record/14508841
JASMIN: The UK's data analysis facility for environmental science
Creators: name: Lloyd, Danny
name: Pritchard, Matt
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: high-throughput computing
environmental science
data analysis
scientific computing
atmospheric science
earth observation

description: A poster made to showcase JASMIN at RSECon24 and to complement the lightning talk given at the Birds of a Feather session titled "HPCRSE@RSECon24: 3rd annual meeting of the HPC RSE community". It gives a description of JASMIN's capabilities, the areas of research it supports, and the teams that run it. In the centre there is also a diagram of the services offered and technologies in use within JASMIN.

Image descriptions and credits:

Header - Aisle full of server racks. Credit: STFC/UKRI

Top right behind - Part of the Earth on a black background with the ocean in shades of purple to orange to yellow indicating the sea surface temperature. Two graphs overlayed show the temperature anomaly and phytoplankton concentration. Credit: Marine Heatwaves - Lee de Mora, Plymouth Marine Laboratory

Top right overlayed - Colourful swirls overlayed on a globe show satellite data of plumes of carbon monoxide, methane, and methanol from the 2019/2020 wildfires in eastern Australia. Credit: Near real-time satellite data could help alleviate the air pollution impact from wildfires - NCEO/STFC

Bottom left overlayed - Iridescent-like pattern over a satellite image of a part of New Zealand showing the crust deformation from the November 2016 Kaikoura earthquake. Credit: Kaikoura Earthquake – Complex Rupture & Mountain Building, COMET/NERC

Bottom left behind - Two short, round atmospheric sensors in a field, in front of a large, white weather radar dish at Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory. Credit: Chilbolton Atmospheric Observatory Sensors - NCAS
Ciencia ciudadana para monitorizar la contaminación odorífera: material para el profesorado
Creators: name: Arias, Rosa
name: Escarrabill, Mar
name: Karinna Matozinhos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Ciencia Ciudadana
Contaminación Odorífera
STEAM

description: OdourCollect es un proyecto de ciencia ciudadana sobre contaminación odorífera que convierte a estudiantes - y a sus familias, vecindario y quienes quieran unirse - en investigadores/as ambientales que exploran su ciudad para monitorizar los olores de su entorno, tanto buenos como malos olores. Esta Unidad Didáctica es una propuesta para profesores/as de estudiantes de secundaria para trabajar en el aula los recursos de este proyecto. Echa un vistazo también al material para el alumnado.
Charge Asymmetry of Same-Sign Dileptons in $B^0$-$\bar{B}^0$ Mixing
Creators: name: Nakano, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a measurement of the charge asymmetry for same-sign dileptons in $B^0$-$\bar{B}^0$ mixing, $A_{\rm sl}$. The data were collected with the Belle detector at KEKB. Using a data sample of 78 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at the $Υ(4S)$ resonance and 9 fb$^{-1}$ recorded at an energy 60 MeV below the resonance, we measure $A_{\rm sl} = (-1.1 \pm 7.9(\text{stat}) \pm 7.0(\text{sys}))\times 10^{-3}$.
description: 21 pages, 9 figures, 3 tables, submitted to Physical Review D
Perturbative Treatment of the Evolution Operator Associated with Raman Couplings
Creators: name: Militello, Benedetto
name: Aniello, Paolo
name: Messina, Antonino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel perturbative treatment of the time evolution operator of a quantum system is applied to the model describing a Raman-driven trapped ion in order to obtain a suitable 'effective model'. It is shown that the associated effective Hamiltonian describes the system dynamics up to a certain transformation which may be interpreted as a 'dynamical dressing' of the effective model.
description: Published in SIGMA (Symmetry, Integrability and Geometry: Methods and Applications) at http://www.emis.de/journals/SIGMA/
The galaxy luminosity function around groups
Creators: name: Gonzalez, R. E.
name: Padilla, N. D.
name: Galaz, G.
name: Infante, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a study on the variations of the luminosity function of galaxies around clusters in a numerical simulation with semi-analytic galaxies, attempting to detect these variations in the 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey. We subdivide the simulation box in equal-density regions around clusters, which we assume can be achieved by selecting objects at a given normalised distance ($r/r_{rms}$, where $r_{rms}$ is an estimate of the halo radius) from the group centre. The semi-analytic model predicts important variations in the luminosity function out to $r/r_{rms}\simeq5$. In brief, variations in the mass function of haloes around clusters (large dark-matter haloes with $M>10^{12}$h$^{-1}$M$_{\sun}$) lead to cluster central regions that present a high abundance of bright galaxies (high $M^*$ values) as well as low luminosity galaxies (high $α$); at $r/r_{rms}\simeq 3$ there is a lack of bright galaxies, which shows the depletion of galaxies in the regions surrounding clusters (minimum in $M^*$ and $α$), and a tendency to constant luminosity function parameters at larger cluster-centric distances. We take into account the observational biases present in the real data by reproducing the peculiar velocity effect on the redshifts of galaxies in the simulation box, and also by producing mock catalogues. We find that excluding from the analysis galaxies wich in projection are close to the centres of the groups provides results that are qualitatively consistent with the full simulation box results.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, MNRAS Accepted
Vector Measurements Using All Optical Scalar Atomic Magnetometers
Creators: name: Zhang, Rui
name: Mhaskar, Rahul
name: Smith, Ken
name: Balasubramaniam, Easswar
name: Prouty, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Vector field measurement is demonstrated with an all-optical scalar atomic magnetometer using intrinsic parameters related to its scalar operation. The Bell-Bloom type atomic magnetometer measures the Larmor precession of cesium atoms through on-resonant absorption of a probe beam. While the AC component of the probe signal is used for the field magnitude measurement, the probe DC signal contains information about the polar angle, defined as the angle between the magnetic field and the probe beam. Additional polar angle information is obtained from the light-shift-induced magnetic field caused by the frequency modulation of the probe beam. With a measurement time of 100 milliseconds, better than 0.02 degree sensitivity has been achieved using a commercial miniaturized sensor at the optimal sensor orientation. The angle measurement accuracy is checked against an optical encoder over the entire polar angle range of 0 to 180 degrees. Better than 1 degree error is recorded over most set polar angles. Azimuthal angle measurement is also exhibited with two orthogonally oriented sensors.
title: Memes, Themes, and Rhetorical Schemes: Analyzing the themes and rhetorical devices used by meme creators in American political internet memes in the first week of the Ukrainian-Russian War
Creators: name: Zimmerman, Edward
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2023

description: Internet memes carry news messages to mass audiences through social media platforms. In seconds, global events can be transmitted to millions of users in the form of an image with text overlayed. Despite the power of memes, there has been little scholarly research devoted to the selection mechanism of meme-makers. As both audience and creator, meme-makers’ craft and consume messages capable of influence. Grounded in work on rhetorical analysis and framing, this study examined memes posted to conservative and liberal affiliated Reddit communities in the wake of the first days of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict. The analysis focused on the themes and rhetorical devices utilized by meme-makers to present political actors and issues to the American public. The results revealed 10 themes designed for conservative and/or liberal audiences and five rhetorical devices used by meme-makers to craft memetic messages.
The Cusp/Core Problem in Galactic Halos: Long-Slit Spectra for a Large Dwarf Galaxy Sample
Creators: name: Spekkens, Kristine
name: Giovanelli, Riccardo
name: Haynes, Martha P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive inner dark matter halo density profiles for a sample of 165 low-mass galaxies using rotation curves obtained from high-quality, long-slit optical spectra assuming minimal disks and spherical symmetry. For $ρ(r) \sim r^{-α}$ near the galaxy center we measure median inner slopes ranging from $α_m = 0.22 \pm 0.08$ to $0.28 \pm 0.06$ for various subsamples of the data. This is similar to values found by other authors, and in stark contrast to the intrinsic cusps ($α_{int}\sim1$) predicted by simulations of halo assembly in cold dark matter (CDM) cosmologies. To elucidate the relationship between $α_m$ and $α_{int}$ in our data, we simulate long-slit observations of model galaxies with halo shapes broadly consistent with the CDM paradigm. Simulations with $α_{int}=1/2$ and 1 recover both the observed distribution of $α_m$ and correlations between $α_m$ and primary observational parameters such as distance and disk inclination, whereas those with $α_{int}=5/4$ are marginally consistent with the data. Conversely, the hypothesis that low-mass galaxies have $α_{int}=3/2$ is rejected. While the simulations do not imply that the data favor intrinsic cusps over cores, they demonstrate that the discrepancy between $α_m$ and $α_{int}\sim1$ for our sample does not necessarily imply a genuine conflict between our results and CDM predictions: rather, the apparent cusp/core problem may be reconciled by considering the impact of observing and data processing techniques on rotation curves derived from long-slit spectra.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures; uses emulateapj. Accepted for publication in AJ. Minor changes made to match AJ proofs
Effect of the Coulomb interaction on the electron relaxation of weakly-confined quantum dot systems
Creators: name: Climente, Juan I.
name: Bertoni, Andrea
name: Rontani, Massimo
name: Goldoni, Guido
name: Molinari, Elisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study acoustic-phonon-induced relaxation of charge excitations in single and tunnel-coupled quantum dots containing few confined interacting electrons. The Full Configuration Interaction approach is used to account for the electron-electron repulsion. Electron-phonon interaction is accounted for through both deformation potential and piezoelectric field mechanisms. We show that electronic correlations generally reduce intradot and interdot transition rates with respect to corresponding single-electron transitions, but this effect is lessened by external magnetic fields. On the other hand, piezoelectric field scattering is found to become the dominant relaxation mechanism as the number of confined electrons increases. Previous proposals to strongly suppress electron-phonon coupling in properly designed single-electron quantum dots are shown to hold also in multi-electron devices. Our results indicate that few-electron orbital degrees of freedom are more stable than single-electron ones.
description: 20 pages (preprint format), 7 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. B
Optical Conductivity of Clean Metals
Creators: name: Rosch, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We briefly review some basic aspects of transport in clean metals focusing on the role of electron-electron interactions and neglecting the effects of impurities, phonons and interband transitions. Both for small Fermi surfaces of two and three-dimensional metals and open Fermi surfaces of quasi one-dimensional metals the dc conductivity sigma is largely dominated by momentum and pseudo-momentum conservation, respectively. In general, the frequency and temperature dependencies of sigma(w,T) have very little in common. For small Fermi surfaces in three dimensions we find for example that the scattering rate is quadratic in frequency, Gamma \propto w^2, even in the absence of a T^2 contribution.
description: invited paper for a special edition of Annalen der Physik commemorating P. Drude
Robust quantum gates on neutral atoms with cavity-assisted photon-scattering
Creators: name: Duan, L. -M.
name: Wang, B.
name: Kimble, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a scheme to achieve quantum computation with neutral atoms whose interactions are catalyzed by single photons. Conditional quantum gates, including an $N$-atom Toffoli gate and nonlocal gates on remote atoms, are obtained through cavity-assisted photon scattering in a manner that is robust to random variation in the atom-photon coupling rate and which does not require localization in the Lamb-Dicke regime. The dominant noise in our scheme is automatically detected for each gate operation, leading to signalled errors which do not preclude efficient quantum computation even if the error probability is close to the unity.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures
Dispersively probed microwave spectroscopy of a silicon hole double quantum dot
Creators: name: Ezzouch, Rami
name: Zihlmann, Simon
name: Michal, Vincent P.
name: Li, Jing
name: Aprá, Agostino
name: Bertrand, Benoit
name: Hutin, Louis
name: Vinet, Maud
name: Urdampilleta, Matias
name: Meunier, Tristan
name: Jehl, Xavier
name: Niquet, Yann-Michel
name: Sanquer, Marc
name: De Franceschi, Silvano
name: Maurand, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Owing to ever increasing gate fidelities and to a potential transferability to industrial CMOS technology, silicon spin qubits have become a compelling option in the strive for quantum computation. In a scalable architecture, each spin qubit will have to be finely tuned and its operating conditions accurately determined. In this prospect, spectroscopic tools compatible with a scalable device layout are of primary importance. Here we report a two-tone spectroscopy technique providing access to the spin-dependent energy-level spectrum of a hole double quantum dot defined in a split-gate silicon device. A first GHz-frequency tone drives electric-dipole spin resonance enabled by the valence-band spin-orbit coupling. A second lower-frequency tone (approximately 500 MHz) allows for dispersive readout via rf-gate reflectometry. We compare the measured dispersive response to the linear response calculated in an extended Jaynes-Cummings model and we obtain characteristic parameters such as g-factors and tunnel/spin-orbit couplings for both even and odd occupation.
Information environmentalism : a governance framework for intellectual property rights
Creators: name: Cunningham, Robert
Publisher: name: The Australian National University
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Intellectual property.
subject: Information commons.

description: Information environmentalism is a normative discourse that seeks to protect and nurture the information commons. The information commons is important within the information age because it provides critical raw material for creativity and innovation. An outstanding challenge when protecting and nurturing the information commons is defining its parameters. Something cannot be protected until it is clearly delineated. Yet delineation alone is not enough. For this reason the thesis seeks to build an information environmental governance framework. This framework can be relied upon when seeking to protect and nurture the information environment (generally) and the information commons (more specifically). The framework is built upon four discrete environmental analytical frames: (i) welfare economics; (ii) the commons; (iii) ecology; and (iv) public choice theory. In building an information environmental governance framework, the costs of propertising information and the benefits of the information commons are underscored. Several innovative governance tools are also advanced, including an information environmental discipline (i.e. information ecology), an information environmental ethic, InformationCommons Rights, informational national parks, and the separation of (economic) power doctrine.
Symmetries and pre-metric electromagnetism
Creators: name: Delphenich, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations of pre-metric electromagnetism are formulated as an exterior differential system on the bundle of exterior differential 2-forms over the spacetime manifold. The general form for the symmetry equations of the system is computed and then specialized to various possible forms for an electromagnetic constitutive law, namely, uniform linear, non-uniform linear, and uniform nonlinear. It is shown that in the uniform linear case, one has four possible ways of prolonging the symmetry Lie algebra, including prolongation to a Lie algebra of infinitesimal projective transformations of a real four-dimensional projective space. In the most general non-uniform linear case, th effect of non-uniformity on symmetry seems inconclusive in the absence of further specifics, and in the uniform nonlinear case, the overall difference from the uniform linear case amounts to a deformation of the electromagnetic constitutive tensor by the electromagnetic fields strengths, which induces a corresponding deformation of the symmetry Lie algebra that was obtained in the uniform linear case.
description: 53 pages. Annalen der Physik (Leipzig) (2005), to be published
Experimental tests of density matrix's properties-based complementarity relations
Creators: name: Pozzobom, Mauro B.
name: Basso, Marcos L. W.
name: Maziero, Jonas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bohr's complementarity principle is of fundamental historic and conceptual importance for Quantum Mechanics (QM), and states that, with a given experimental apparatus configuration, one can observe either the wave-like or the particle-like character of a quantum system, but not both. However, it was eventually realized that these dual behaviors can both manifest partially in the same experimental setup, and, using ad hoc proposed measures for the wave and particle aspects of the quanton, complementarity relations were proposed limiting how strong these manifestations can be. Recently, a formalism was developed and quantifiers for the particleness and waveness of a quantum system were derived from the mathematical structure of QM entailed in the density matrix's basic properties ($ρ\ge 0$, $\mathrm{Tr}ρ=1$). In this article, using IBM Quantum Experience quantum computers, we perform experimental tests of these complementarity relations applied to a particular class of one-qubit quantum states and also for random quantum states of one, two, and three qubits.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2009.09769
Nonextensive diffusion as nonlinear response
Creators: name: Lutsko, James F.
name: Boon, Jean Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The porous media equation has been proposed as a phenomenological ``non-extensive'' generalization of classical diffusion. Here, we show that a very similar equation can be derived, in a systematic manner, for a classical fluid by assuming nonlinear response, i.e. that the diffusive flux depends on gradients of a power of the concentration. The present equation distinguishes from the porous media equation in that it describes \emph{% generalized classical} diffusion, i.e. with $r/\sqrt Dt$ scaling, but with a generalized Einstein relation, and with power-law probability distributions typical of nonextensive statistical mechanics.
On the Flaring of Thick Disc of Galaxies: Insights from Simulations
Creators: name: de la Cruz, Joaquín García
name: Martig, Marie
name: Minchev, Ivan
name: James, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using simulated galaxies in their cosmological context, we analyse how the flaring of mono-age populations (MAPs) influences the flaring and the age structure of geometrically-defined thick discs. We also explore under which circumstances the geometric thin and thick discs are meaningfully distinct components, or are part of a single continuous structure as in the Milky Way. We find that flat thick discs are created when MAPs barely flare or have low surface density at the radius where they start flaring. When looking at the vertical distribution of MAPs, these galaxies show a continuous thin/thick structure. They also have radial age gradients and tend to have quiescent merger histories. Those characteristics are consistent with what is observed in the Milky Way. Flared thick discs, on the other hand, are created when the MAPs that flare have a high surface density at the radius where they start flaring. The thick discs' scale-heights can either be dominated by multiple MAPs or just a few, depending on the mass and scale-height distribution of the MAPs. In a large fraction of these galaxies, thin and thick discs are clearly distinct structures. Finally, flared thick discs have diverse radial age gradients and merger histories, with galaxies that are more massive or that have undergone massive mergers showing flatter age radial gradients in their thick disc.
description: 15 pages, 14 figures. Accepted to MNRAS
Uncertainty in the leading order PQCD calculations of $B$ meson decays
Creators: name: Kurimoto, Takeshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Uncertainty in the PQCD calculation of B decays is investigated in $B\to π$, $B\to D$ transition form factors and $B\to Dπ$ decay amplitudes. $B$ meson distributionamplitude dependence is studied by taking three kinds of distribution amplitude so far suggested. It is found that almost same $q^2$ dependence of the form factors can be obtained irrespective of the types of the $B$ meson distribution amplitude by suitably choosing one parameter. $B\to Dπ$ process shows the difference due to the distribution amplitude. The effect of the sub-leading component of the $B$ mesondistribution amplitude is also studied in the three processes. The numerical results of calculations with the sub-leading component can be well approximated by the leading order calculation with a suitable choice of the distribution amplitude parameters.
description: 21pages, 13 figures; more discussions on RGE scale dependence and 1/M effects are added; typos are corrected
Identifying nonclassicality from experimental data using artificial neural networks
Creators: name: Gebhart, Valentin
name: Bohmann, Martin
name: Weiher, Karsten
name: Biagi, Nicola
name: Zavatta, Alessandro
name: Bellini, Marco
name: Agudelo, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The fast and accessible verification of nonclassical resources is an indispensable step towards a broad utilization of continuous-variable quantum technologies. Here, we use machine learning methods for the identification of nonclassicality of quantum states of light by processing experimental data obtained via homodyne detection. For this purpose, we train an artificial neural network to classify classical and nonclassical states from their quadrature-measurement distributions. We demonstrate that the network is able to correctly identify classical and nonclassical features from real experimental quadrature data for different states of light. Furthermore, we show that nonclassicality of some states that were not used in the training phase is also recognized. Circumventing the requirement of the large sample sizes needed to perform homodyne tomography, our approach presents a promising alternative for the identification of nonclassicality for small sample sizes, indicating applicability for fast sorting or direct monitoring of experimental data.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Spin-1 spin-orbit- and Rabi-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate solver
Creators: name: Ravisankar, Rajamanickam
name: Vudragovic, Dusan
name: Muruganandam, Paulsamy
name: Balaz, Antun
name: Adhikari, Sadhan K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present OpenMP versions of FORTRAN programs for solving the Gross-Pitaevskii equation for a harmonically trapped three-component spin-1 spinor Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) in one (1D) and two (2D) spatial dimensions with or without spin-orbit (SO) and Rabi couplings. Several different forms of SO coupling are included in the programs. We use the split-step Crank-Nicolson discretization for imaginary- and real-time propagation to calculate stationary states and BEC dynamics, respectively. The imaginary-time propagation programs calculate the lowest-energy stationary state. The real-time propagation programs can be used to study the dynamics. The simulation input parameters are provided at the beginning of each program. The programs propagate the condensate wave function and calculate several relevant physical quantities. Outputs of the programs include the wave function, energy, root-mean-square sizes, different density profiles (linear density for the 1D program, linear and surface densities for the 2D program). The imaginary- or real-time propagation can start with an analytic wave function or a pre-calculated numerical wave function. The imaginary-time propagation usually starts with an analytic wave function, while the real-time propagation is often initiated with the previously calculated converged imaginary-time wave function.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures; programs can be downloaded at https://doi.org/10.17632/j3wr4wn946.1
Gravitational perturbations of the Schwarzschild spacetime: A practical covariant and gauge-invariant formalism
Creators: name: Martel, Karl
name: Poisson, Eric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a formalism to study the metric perturbations of the Schwarzschild spacetime. The formalism is gauge invariant, and it is also covariant under two-dimensional coordinate transformations that leave the angular coordinates unchanged. The formalism is applied to the typical problem of calculating the gravitational waves produced by material sources moving in the Schwarzschild spacetime. We examine the radiation escaping to future null infinity as well as the radiation crossing the event horizon. The waveforms, the energy radiated, and the angular-momentum radiated can all be expressed in terms of two gauge-invariant scalar functions that satisfy one-dimensional wave equations. The first is the Zerilli-Moncrief function, which satisfies the Zerilli equation, and which represents the even-parity sector of the perturbation. The second is the Cunningham-Price-Moncrief function, which satisfies the Regge-Wheeler equation, and which represents the odd-parity sector of the perturbation. The covariant forms of these wave equations are presented here, complete with covariant source terms that are derived from the stress-energy tensor of the matter responsible for the perturbation. Our presentation of the formalism is concluded with a separate examination of the monopole and dipole components of the metric perturbation.
description: 21 pages
The Backbone of a City
Creators: name: Scellato, Salvatore
name: Cardillo, Alessio
name: Latora, Vito
name: Porta, Sergio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent studies have revealed the importance of centrality measures to analyze various spatial factors affecting human life in cities. Here we show how it is possible to extract the backbone of a city by deriving spanning trees based on edge betweenness and edge information. By using as sample cases the cities of Bologna and San Francisco, we show how the obtained trees are radically different from those based on edge lengths, and allow an extended comprehension of the ``skeleton'' of most important routes that so much affects pedestrian/vehicular flows, retail commerce vitality, land-use separation, urban crime and collective dynamical behaviours.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, Proceedings of the NEXT-SigmaPhi 2005 Conference, Kolymbari, Crete, Greece