cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Magnetic-field and doping dependence of low-energy spin fluctuations in the antiferroquadrupolar compound Ce(1-x)La(x)B(6)
Creators: name: Friemel, G.
name: Jang, H.
name: Schneidewind, A.
name: Ivanov, A.
name: Dukhnenko, A. V.
name: Shitsevalova, N. Y.
name: Filipov, V. B.
name: Keimer, B.
name: Inosov, D. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: CeB(6) is a model compound exhibiting antiferroquadrupolar (AFQ) order, its magnetic properties being typically interpreted within localized models. More recently, the observation of strong and sharp magnetic exciton modes forming in its antiferromagnetic (AFM) state at both ferromagnetic and AFQ wave vectors suggested a significant contribution of itinerant electrons to the spin dynamics. Here we investigate the evolution of the AFQ excitation upon the application of an external magnetic field and the substitution of Ce with non-magnetic La, both parameters known to suppress the AFM phase. We find that the exciton energy decreases proportionally to T_N upon doping. In field, its intensity is suppressed, while its energy remains constant. Its disappearance above the critical field of the AFM phase is preceded by the formation of two modes, whose energies grow linearly with magnetic field upon entering the AFQ phase. These findings suggest a crossover from itinerant to localized spin dynamics between the two phases, the coupling to heavy-fermion quasiparticles being crucial for a comprehensive description of the magnon spectrum.
description: Extended version with a longer introduction and an additional figure. 6 pages and 5 figures
Multiwave tomography in a closed domain: averaged sharp time reversal
Creators: name: Stefanov, Plamen
name: Yang, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the mathematical model of multiwave tomography including thermo and photoacoustic tomography with a variable speed for a fixed time interval $[0,T]$. We assume that the waves reflect from the boundary of the domain. We propose an averaged sharp time reversal algorithm. In case of measurements on the whole boundary, we give an explicit solution in terms of a Neumann series expansion. When the measurements are taken on a part of the boundary, we show that the same algorithm produces a parametrix.
description: 21 pages, 5 figures
Superconducting circuit boundary conditions beyond the Dynamical Casimir Effect
Creators: name: Doukas, Jason
name: Louko, Jorma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study analytically the time-dependent boundary conditions of superconducting microwave circuit experiments in the high plasma frequency limit, in which the conditions are Robin-type and relate the value of the field to the spatial derivative of the field. We give an explicit solution to the field evolution for boundary condition modulations that are small in magnitude but may have arbitrary time dependence, in a formalism that applies both to a semiopen waveguide and to a closed waveguide with two independently adjustable boundaries. The correspondence between the microwave Robin boundary conditions and the mechanically-moving Dirichlet boundary conditions of the Dynamical Casimir Effect is shown to break down at high field frequencies, approximately one order of magnitude above the frequencies probed in the 2011 experiment of Wilson et al. Our results bound the parameter regime in which a microwave circuit can be used to model relativistic effects in a mechanically-moving cavity, and they show that beyond this parameter regime moving mirrors produce more particles and generate more entanglement than their non-moving microwave waveguide simulations.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures. v3: minor updates, including a change in the title. Published version
University Repositories and Their Significance for Scientific Research: The Case of the Repository of the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje
Creators: name: Rozita Petrinska Labudovikj
name: Mishev, Anastas
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The Repository of the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje was initiated in 2017 primarily as a digital collection of records on the University’s scientific work, with an aim to serve as a tool for organisation and management of the meta-data of the scientific publications of its members. The Repository offers functions for collecting, indexing, storing and disseminating the available digital objects. In 2021, in the frames of the National Initiatives for Open Science in Europe (NI4OS Europe) project, an initiative for including the full texts of the doctoral dissertations defended at the Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje has been taken. The process of filling in the database of doctoral dissertations is currently in progress, in parallel with the activities to integrate historical material from the first university journals from 1948 onwards.
Intermittency in the relative separations of tracers and of heavy particles in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Biferale, L.
name: Lanotte, A. S.
name: Scatamacchia, R.
name: Toschi, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results from Direct Numerical Simulations of particle relative dispersion in three dimensional homogeneous and isotropic turbulence at Reynolds number $Re_λ\sim 300$ are presented. We study point-like passive tracers and heavy particles, at Stokes number St = 0, 0.6, 1 and 5. Particles are emitted from localised sources, in bunches of thousands, periodically in time, allowing to reach an unprecedented statistical accuracy, with a total number of events for two-point observables of the order of $10^{11}$. The right tail of the probability density function for tracers develops a clear deviation from Richardson's self-similar prediction, pointing to the intermittent nature of the dispersion process. In our numerical experiment, such deviations are manifest once the probability to measure an event becomes of the order of -or rarer than- one part over one million, hence the crucial importance of a large dataset. The role of finite-Reynolds effects and the related fluctuations when pair separations cross the boundary between viscous and inertial range scales are discussed. An asymptotic prediction based on the multifractal theory for inertial range intermittency and valid for large Reynolds numbers is found to agree with the data better than the Richardson theory. The agreement is improved when considering heavy particles, whose inertia filters out viscous scale fluctuations. By using the exit-time statistics we also show that events associated to pairs experiencing unusually slow inertial range separations have a non self-similar probability distribution function.
description: 22 pages, 14 figures
Phase-resolved magnetomotive OCT for imaging nanomolar concentrations of magnetic nanoparticles in tissues
Creators: name: Crecea, V.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Rinne, S.A.
Publisher: name: Optical Society of America (OSA)
Year: 2008

description: Magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) are increasingly important in magnetic resonance and biomedical optical imaging. We describe a method for imaging MNPs by detecting nanoscale displacements using a phaseresolved spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) system. Biological tissues and phantoms are exposed to ∼800 G magnetic fields modulated at 56 and 100 Hz to mechanically actuate embedded iron oxide MNPs (∼20 nm diameter). Sensitivity to 27 μg/g (∼2 nM) MNPs within tissue phantoms is achieved by filtering paramagnetic from diamagnetic vibrations. We demonstrate biological feasibility by imaging topically applied MNPs during their diffusion into an excised rat tumor over a 2 hour time period.
Magneto-caloric effects, quantum critical points, and the Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition in 2D coupled spin dimer systems
Creators: name: Strassel, Dominik
name: Kopietz, Peter
name: Eggert, Sebastian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spin dimer systems are a promising playground for the detailed study of quantum phase transitions. Using the magnetic field as the tuning parameter it is in principle possible to observe a crossover from the characteristic scaling near critical points to the behavior of a finite temperature phase transition. In this work we study two-dimensional coupled spin dimer systems by comparing numerical quantum Monte Carlo simulations with analytical calculations of the susceptibility, the magneto-caloric effect, and the helicity modulus. The magneto-caloric behavior of the magnetization with temperature can be used to determine the critical fields with high accuracy, but the critical scaling does not show the expected logarithmic corrections. The zeros of the cooling rate are an excellent indicator of the competition between quantum criticality and vortex physics, but they are not directly associated with the quantum phase transition or the finite temperature Berezinsky-Kosterlitz-Thouless transition. The results give a unified picture of the full quantum and finite temperature phase diagram.
description: 9 pages with 10 figures. New version includes updated figures, data, and references. For more information and the latest version see http://www.physik.uni-kl.de/eggert/papers/index.html
Adaptive venom evolution and toxicity in octopods is driven by extensive novel gene formation, expansion, and loss
Creators: name: Whitelaw, Brooke
name: Cooke, Ira
name: Finn, J
name: da Fonseca, RR
name: Ritschard, EA
name: Gilbert, MTP
name: Simakov, O
name: Strugnell, Jan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 3104
subject: Evolutionary biology
classificationCode: 3105
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press GigaScience. BACKGROUND: Cephalopods represent a rich system for investigating the genetic basis underlying organismal novelties. This diverse group of specialized predators has evolved many adaptations including proteinaceous venom. Of particular interest is the blue-ringed octopus genus (Hapalochlaena), which are the only octopods known to store large quantities of the potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, within their tissues and venom gland. FINDINGS: To reveal genomic correlates of organismal novelties, we conducted a comparative study of 3 octopod genomes, including the Southern blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena maculosa). We present the genome of this species and reveal highly dynamic evolutionary patterns at both non-coding and coding organizational levels. Gene family expansions previously reported in Octopus bimaculoides (e.g., zinc finger and cadherins, both associated with neural functions), as well as formation of novel gene families, dominate the genomic landscape in all octopods. Examination of tissue-specific genes in the posterior salivary gland revealed that expression was dominated by serine proteases in non-tetrodotoxin-bearing octopods, while this family was a minor component in H. maculosa. Moreover, voltage-gated sodium channels in H. maculosa contain a resistance mutation found in pufferfish and garter snakes, which is exclusive to the genus. Analysis of the posterior salivary gland microbiome revealed a diverse array of bacterial species, including genera that can produce tetrodotoxin, suggestive of a possible production source. CONCLUSIONS: We present the first tetrodotoxin-bearing octopod genome H. maculosa, which displays lineage-specific adaptations to tetrodotoxin acquisition. This genome, along with other recently published cephalopod genomes, represents a valuable resource from which future work could advance our understanding of the evolution of genomic novelty in this family.
Adaptive venom evolution and toxicity in octopods is driven by extensive novel gene formation, expansion, and loss
Creators: name: BL Whitelaw
name: Cooke, Ira
name: J Finn
name: RR Da Fonseca
name: EA Ritschard
name: MTP Gilbert
name: O Simakov
name: Strugnell, Jan
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press GigaScience. BACKGROUND: Cephalopods represent a rich system for investigating the genetic basis underlying organismal novelties. This diverse group of specialized predators has evolved many adaptations including proteinaceous venom. Of particular interest is the blue-ringed octopus genus (Hapalochlaena), which are the only octopods known to store large quantities of the potent neurotoxin, tetrodotoxin, within their tissues and venom gland. FINDINGS: To reveal genomic correlates of organismal novelties, we conducted a comparative study of 3 octopod genomes, including the Southern blue-ringed octopus (Hapalochlaena maculosa). We present the genome of this species and reveal highly dynamic evolutionary patterns at both non-coding and coding organizational levels. Gene family expansions previously reported in Octopus bimaculoides (e.g., zinc finger and cadherins, both associated with neural functions), as well as formation of novel gene families, dominate the genomic landscape in all octopods. Examination of tissue-specific genes in the posterior salivary gland revealed that expression was dominated by serine proteases in non-tetrodotoxin-bearing octopods, while this family was a minor component in H. maculosa. Moreover, voltage-gated sodium channels in H. maculosa contain a resistance mutation found in pufferfish and garter snakes, which is exclusive to the genus. Analysis of the posterior salivary gland microbiome revealed a diverse array of bacterial species, including genera that can produce tetrodotoxin, suggestive of a possible production source. CONCLUSIONS: We present the first tetrodotoxin-bearing octopod genome H. maculosa, which displays lineage-specific adaptations to tetrodotoxin acquisition. This genome, along with other recently published cephalopod genomes, represents a valuable resource from which future work could advance our understanding of the evolution of genomic novelty in this family.
Immunization strategy for epidemic spreading on multilayer networks
Creators: name: Buono, C.
name: Braunstein, L. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many real-world complex systems, individuals have many kind of interactions among them, suggesting that it is necessary to consider a layered structure framework to model systems such as social interactions. This structure can be captured by multilayer networks and can have major effects on the spreading of process that occurs over them, such as epidemics. In this Letter we study a targeted immunization strategy for epidemic spreading over a multilayer network. We apply the strategy in one of the layers and study its effect in all layers of the network disregarding degree-degree correlation among layers. We found that the targeted strategy is not as efficient as in isolated networks, due to the fact that in order to stop the spreading of the disease it is necessary to immunize more than the 80 % of the individuals. However, the size of the epidemic is drastically reduced in the layer where the immunization strategy is applied compared to the case with no mitigation strategy. Thus, the immunization strategy has a major effect on the layer were it is applied, but does not efficiently protect the individuals of other layers.
description: 8 pages, 2 figures
Durchbruch zur Wahrheit an der Schwelle des Todes
Creators: name: Tück, Jan-Heiner
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 33 Nr. 6 (2004): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 33, Heft 6
Dark Matter and Gauge Coupling Unification in Non-supersymmetric SO(10) Grand Unified Models
Creators: name: Mambrini, Yann
name: Nagata, Natsumi
name: Olive, Keith A.
name: Quevillon, Jeremie
name: Zheng, Jiaming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unlike minimal SU(5), SO(10) provides a straightforward path towards gauge coupling unification by modifying the renormalization group evolution of the gauge couplings above some intermediate scale which may also be related to the seesaw mechanism for neutrino masses. Unification can be achieved for several different choices of the intermediate gauge group below the SO(10) breaking scale. In this work, we consider in detail the possibility that SO(10) unification may also provide a natural dark matter candidate, stability being guaranteed by a leftover $Z_2$ symmetry. We systematically examine the possible intermediate gauge groups which allow a non-degenerate, fermionic, Standard Model singlet dark matter candidate while at the same time respecting gauge coupling unification. Our analysis is done at the two-loop level. Surprisingly, despite the richness of SO(10), we find that only two models survive the analysis of phenomenological constraints, which include suitable neutrino masses, proton decay, and reheating.
description: 39 pages, 8 figures. Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D
Optical micro-scale mapping of dynamic biomechanical tissue properties
Creators: name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Chaney, E.J.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Liang, X.
name: Crecea, V.
Publisher: name: Optical Society of America (OSA)
Year: 2008

description: Mechanical forces such as adhesion, shear stress and compression play crucial roles in tissue growth, patterning and development. To understand the role of these mechanical stimuli, it is of great importance to measure biomechanical properties of developing, engineered, and natural tissues. To enable these measurements on the micro-scale, a novel, dynamic, non-invasive, high-speed optical coherence elastography (OCE) system has been developed utilizing spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and a mechanical wave driver. Experimental results of OCE on silicone phantoms are in good agreement with those obtained from a standardized indentation method. Using phase-resolved imaging, we demonstrate OCE can map dynamic elastic moduli of normal and neoplastic ex vivo human breast tissue with a sensitivity of 0.08%. Spatial micro-scale mapping of elastic moduli of tissue offers the potential for basic science and clinical investigations into the role biomechanics play in health and disease.
NNNLO soft-gluon corrections for the top-quark $p_T$ and rapidity distributions
Creators: name: Kidonakis, Nikolaos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present a calculation of next-to-next-to-next-to-leading-order (NNNLO) soft-gluon corrections for differential distributions in top-antitop pair production in hadronic collisions. Approximate NNNLO (aNNNLO) results are obtained from soft-gluon resummation. Theoretical predictions are shown for the top-quark aNNNLO transverse momentum ($p_T$) and rapidity distributions at LHC and Tevatron energies. The aNNNLO corrections enhance previous results for the distributions but have smaller theoretical uncertainties.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures; additional curves in the figures; published version
Distributed Opportunistic Scheduling for Energy Harvesting Based Wireless Networks: A Two-Stage Probing Approach
Creators: name: Li, Hang
name: Huang, Chuan
name: Zhang, Ping
name: Cui, Shuguang
name: Zhang, Junshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper considers a heterogeneous ad hoc network with multiple transmitter-receiver pairs, in which all transmitters are capable of harvesting renewable energy from the environment and compete for one shared channel by random access. In particular, we focus on two different scenarios: the constant energy harvesting (EH) rate model where the EH rate remains constant within the time of interest and the i.i.d. EH rate model where the EH rates are independent and identically distributed across different contention slots. To quantify the roles of both the energy state information (ESI) and the channel state information (CSI), a distributed opportunistic scheduling (DOS) framework with two-stage probing and save-then-transmit energy utilization is proposed. Then, the optimal throughput and the optimal scheduling strategy are obtained via one-dimension search, i.e., an iterative algorithm consisting of the following two steps in each iteration: First, assuming that the stored energy level at each transmitter is stationary with a given distribution, the expected throughput maximization problem is formulated as an optimal stopping problem, whose solution is proved to exist and then derived for both models; second, for a fixed stopping rule, the energy level at each transmitter is shown to be stationary and an efficient iterative algorithm is proposed to compute its steady-state distribution. Finally, we validate our analysis by numerical results and quantify the throughput gain compared with the best-effort delivery scheme.
description: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted by IEEE/ACM Transactions on Networking
Optical coherence tomography of cell dynamics in three-dimensional tissue models
Creators: name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Desai, T.A.
name: Norman, J.J.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Tan, W.
Publisher: name: Optical Society of American (OSA)
Year: 2006

description: Three-dimensional cell-based tissue models have been increasingly useful in the fields of tissue engineering, drug discovery, and cell biology. While techniques for building these tissue models have been advanced, there have been increasing demands for imaging techniques that are capable of assessing complex dynamic three-dimensional cell behavior in real-time and at larger depths in highly-scattering scaffolds. Understanding these cell behaviors requires advanced imaging tools to progress from characterizing two-dimensional cell cultures to complex, highly-scattering, thick three-dimensional tissue constructs. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is an emerging biomedical imaging technique that can perform cellular-resolution imaging in situ and in real-time. In this study, we demonstrate that it is possible to use OCT to evaluate dynamic cell behavior and function in a quantitative fashion in four dimensions (three-dimensional space plus time). We investigated and characterized in thick tissue models a variety of cell processes, such as chemotaxis migration, proliferation, de-adhesion, and cell-material interactions. This optical imaging technique was developed and utilized in order to gain new insights into how chemical and/or mechanical microenvironments influence cellular dynamics in multiple dimensions. With deep imaging penetration and increased spatial and temporal resolution in three-dimensional space, OCT will be a useful tool for improving our understanding of complex biological interactions at the cellular level.
Supplemental Material for Prabh and Rödelsperger, 2019
Creators: name: Prabh, Neel
name: Rödelsperger, Christian
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Biology
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Supplementary Material for the manuscript
"De novo, divergence, and mixed origin contribute to the emergence of orphan genes in ​ Pristionchus ​ nematodes"
Optical coherence tomography: A review of clinical development from bench to bedside
Creators: name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Zysk, A.M.
name: Nguyen, F.T.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Marks, D.L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: Since its introduction, optical coherence tomography (OCT) technology has advanced from the laboratory bench to the clinic and back again. Arising from the fields of low coherence interferometry and optical time- and frequency-domain reflectometry, OCT was initially demonstrated for retinal imaging and followed a unique path to commercialization for clinical use. Concurrently, significant technological advances were brought about from within the research community, including improved laser sources, beam delivery instruments, and detection schemes. While many of these technologies improved retinal imaging, they also allowed for the application of OCT to many new clinical areas. As a result, OCT has been clinically demonstrated in a diverse set of medical and surgical specialties, including gastroenterology, dermatology, cardiology, and oncology, among others. The lessons learned in the clinic are currently spurring a new set of advances in the laboratory that will again expand the clinical use of OCT by adding molecular sensitivity, improving image quality, and increasing acquisition speeds. This continuous cycle of laboratory development and clinical application has allowed the OCT technology to grow at a rapid rate and represents a unique model for the translation of biomedical optics to the patient bedside. This work presents a brief history of OCT development, reviews current clinical applications, discusses some clinical translation challenges, and reviews laboratory developments poised for future clinical application.
Noncommutative Differentials on Poisson-Lie groups and pre-Lie algebras
Creators: name: Majid, Shahn
name: Tao, Wen-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50, 58B31, 17D25

description: We show that the quantisation of a connected simply-connected Poisson-Lie group admits a left-covariant noncommutative differential structure at lowest deformation order if and only if the dual of its Lie algebra admits a pre-Lie algebra structure. As an example, we find a pre-Lie algebra structure underlying the standard 3D differential structure on $\C_q[SU_2]$. At the noncommutative geometry level we show that the enveloping algebra $U(\cm)$ of a Lie algebra $\cm$, viewed as quantisation of $\cm^*$, admits a connected differential exterior algebra of classical dimension if and only if $\cm$ admits a pre-Lie algebra. We give an example where $\cm$ is solvable and we extend the construction to the quantisation of tangent and cotangent spaces of Poisson-Lie groups by using bicross-sum and bosonization of Lie bialgebras. As an example, we obtain natural 6D left-covariant differential structures on the bicrossproduct $\C[SU_2]\lrbicross U_λ(su_2^*)$.
description: Expanded result on bicrossproduct construction, added 6D left-covariant differential calculi on $\C[SU_2]\lrbicross U_\lambda(su_2^*)$ as an example, and improved structure of the paper, 40 pages Latex, no figures
Supplemental Material for Orjuela et al., 2019
Creators: name: Orjuela, Stephany
name: Ruizhu Huang
name: Hembach, Katharina
name: Robinson, Mark D.
name: Soneson, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 60408 Genomics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: DataS1.html contains a MultiQC report, generated by ARMOR, for the dataset (ArrayExpress entry E-MTAB-7029) used in the real data walkthrough of Orjuela, Huang, Hembach et al.
Plasmon-resonant gold nanorods as low backscattering albedo contrast agents for optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Zweifel, D.A.
name: Hansen, M.N.
name: Wei, A.
Publisher: name: Optical Society of American (OSA)
Year: 2006

description: Plasmon-resonant gold nanorods are demonstrated as low back-scattering albedo contrast agents for optical coherence tomography (OCT). We define the backscattering albedo, a′, as the ratio of the backscattering to extinction coefficient. Contrast agents which modify a' within the host tissue phantoms are detected with greater sensitivity by the differential OCT measurement of both a′ and extinction. Optimum sensitivity is achieved by maximizing the difference between contrast agents and tissue, |a′ca - a′tiss|. Low backscattering albedo gold nanorods (14 × 44 nm; λmax = 780 nm) within a high backscattering albedo tissue phantom with an uncertainty in concentration of 20% (randomized 2±0.4% intralipid) were readily detected at 82 ppm (by weight) in a regime where extinction alone could not discriminate nanorods. The estimated threshold of detection was 30 ppm.
Raymund Kottje - Wolfgang Nastainczyk - Michael Raske - Hermann Stenger, Ehelosigkeit des Priesters in Geschichte und Gegenwart
Creators: name: Zulehner, Paul
Publisher: name: Diakonia
Year: 1970

description: Diakonia, Bd. 1 Nr. 4 (1970): Diakonia, Band 1, Heft 4
Optical biopsy of lymph node morphology using optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Nguyen, F.T.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Ralston, T.S.
name: Brockenbrough, J.
name: Marks, D.L.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Zysk, A.M.
name: Luo, W.
Publisher: name: Adenine Press
Year: 2005

description: Optical diagnostic imaging techniques are increasingly being used in the clinical environment, allowing for improved screening and diagnosis while minimizing the number of invasive procedures. Diffuse optical tomography, for example, is capable of whole-breast imaging and is being developed as an alternative to traditional X-ray mammography. While this may eventually be a very effective screening method, other optical techniques are better suited for imaging on the cellular and molecular scale. Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT), for instance, is capable of high-resolution cross-sectional imaging of tissue morphology. In a manner analogous to ultrasound imaging except using optics, pulses of near-infrared light are sent into the tissue while coherence-gated reflections are measured interferometrically to form a cross-sectional image of tissue. In this paper we apply OCT techniques for the high-resolution three-dimensional visualization of lymph node morphology. We present the first reported OCT images showing detailed morphological structure and corresponding histological features of lymph nodes from a carcinogen-induced rat mammary tumor model, as well as from a human lymph node containing late stage metastatic disease. The results illustrate the potential for OCT to visualize detailed lymph node structures on the scale of micrometastases and the potential for the detection of metastatic nodal disease intraoperatively.
MPEC 2023-F202 : 2023 FA7
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 FA7

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Leptogenesis in an SU(5) x A5 Golden Ratio Flavour Model
Creators: name: Gehrlein, Julia
name: Petcov, Serguey T.
name: Spinrath, Martin
name: Zhang, Xinyi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we discuss a minor modification of a previous SU(5) x A5 flavour model which exhibits at leading order golden ratio mixing and sum rules for the heavy and the light neutrino masses. Although this model could predict all mixing angles well it fails in generating a sufficient large baryon asymmetry via the leptogenesis mechanism. We repair this deficit here, discuss model building aspects and give analytical estimates for the generated baryon asymmetry before we perform a numerical parameter scan. Our setup has only a few parameters in the lepton sector. This leads to specific constraints and correlations between the neutrino observables. For instance, we find that in the model considered only the neutrino mass spectrum with normal mass ordering and values of the lightest neutrino mass in the interval 10-18 meV are compatible with the current data on the neutrino oscillation parameters. With the introduction of only one NLO operator, the model can accommodate successfully simultaneously even at 1$σ$ level the current data on neutrino masses, on neutrino mixing and the observed value of the baryon asymmetry.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures; version published in Nucl. Phys. B
Einübung ins Sterben in Text und Bild
Creators: name: Haas, Alois M.
Publisher: name: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio
Year: 2022

description: Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Bd. 33 Nr. 6 (2004): Internationale katholische Zeitschrift Communio, Band 33, Heft 6
A Detailed Study of Feedback from a Massive Star
Creators: name: Geen, Sam
name: Rosdahl, Joakim
name: Blaizot, Jeremy
name: Devriendt, Julien
name: Slyz, Adrianne
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical simulations of a 15 solar mass star in a suite of idealised environments in order to quantify the amount of energy transmitted to the interstellar medium (ISM). We include models of stellar winds, UV photoionisation and the subsequent supernova based on theoretical models and observations of stellar evolution. The system is simulated in 3D using RAMSES-RT, an Adaptive Mesh Refinement Radiation Hydrodynamics code. We find that stellar winds have a negligible impact on the system owing to their relatively low luminosity compared to the other processes. The main impact of photoionisation is to reduce the density of the medium into which the supernova explodes, reducing the rate of radiative cooling of the subsequent supernova. Finally, we present a grid of models quantifying the energy and momentum of the system that can be used to motivate simulations of feedback in the ISM unable to fully resolve the processes discussed in this work.
description: 19 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Magnetomotive contrast for in vivo optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Suslick, K.S.
name: Wei, A.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Toublan, F.J.-J.
Publisher: name: Optical Society of American (OSA)
Year: 2005

description: Molecularly-specific contrast can greatly enhance the biomedical utility of optical coherence tomography (OCT). We describe a contrast mechanism, magnetomotive OCT (MMOCT), where a modulated magnetic field induces motion of magnetic nanoparticles. The motion of the nanoparticles modifies the amplitude of the OCT interferogram. High specificity is achieved by subtracting the background fluctuations of the specimen, and sensitivity to 220 μg/g magnetite nanoparticles is demonstrated. Optically and mechanically correct tissue phantoms elucidate the relationships between imaging contrast and nanoparticle concentration, imaging depth, tissue optical scattering, and magnetic field strength. MMOCT is demonstrated in a living Xenopus laevis tadpole where the results were consistent with corresponding histology.
title: ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°. ÐÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð°Ñ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐ° "Ð¡Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼Ðµ"
title: ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: ÐÐ°ÑÐºÐ¾Ð²Ð°, Ð¢Ð°ÑÑÑÐ½Ð°
name: ÐÐµÑÐºÑÐ»Ð¾Ð²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÑÐ³Ð°
name: ÐÐ½ÑÐ·ÐµÐ²Ð°, ÐÐ»ÐµÐ½Ð°
Publisher: name: Ð¡Ð°Ð½ÐºÑ-ÐÐµÑÐµÑÐ±ÑÑÐ³ÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð»Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐ½Ð¸ÑÐµÑÐºÐ¸Ð¹ ÑÐ½Ð¸Ð²ÐµÑÑÐ¸ÑÐµÑ ÐÐµÑÑÐ° ÐÐµÐ»Ð¸ÐºÐ¾Ð³Ð¾
Year: 2022
Subjects: ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°
ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ°Ñ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ñ
ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ°
ÑÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¸ÐºÐ¸ Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ñ Ð´Ð»Ñ Ð²ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²
Ð½ÐµÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐµÐ¼Ð½Ð°Ñ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½Ð°Ñ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÐ°

description: Ð£ÑÐµÐ±Ð½Ð¾Ðµ Ð¿Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð¸Ðµ ÑÐ¾Ð¾ÑÐ²ÐµÑÑÑÐ²ÑÐµÑ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÐ¼ ÑÑÐ°Ð½Ð´Ð°ÑÑÐ°Ð¼ Ð²ÑÑÑÐµÐ³Ð¾ Ð¾Ð±ÑÐ°Ð·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ Ð¿ÑÐµÐ´Ð½Ð°Ð·Ð½Ð°ÑÐµÐ½Ð¾ Ð´Ð»Ñ ÑÑÑÐ´ÐµÐ½ÑÐ¾Ð² Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð¸ ÑÐ½ÐµÑÐ³Ð¾Ð¼Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð½Ð¾ÑÑÑÐ¾Ð¸ÑÐµÐ»ÑÐ½ÑÑ Ð½Ð°Ð¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð»ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ Ð¿Ð¾Ð´Ð³Ð¾ÑÐ¾Ð²ÐºÐ¸, Ð¸Ð·ÑÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¸Ñ Ð´Ð¸ÑÑÐ¸Ð¿Ð»Ð¸Ð½Ñ Â«ÐÐ½Ð¶ÐµÐ½ÐµÑÐ½Ð°Ñ Ð³ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸ÐºÐ°Â» Ð¸ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÑÑÑÐ¸Ñ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²ÑÑ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ Â«Ð¡Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° Ð¿Ð¾ ÑÑ ÐµÐ¼ÐµÂ». ÐÐ° Ð¿ÑÐ¸Ð¼ÐµÑÐµ Ð²ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»Ð½ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ñ ÐºÑÑÑÐ¾Ð²Ð¾Ð¹ ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÑ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ñ Ð¾ÑÐ½Ð¾Ð²Ð½ÑÐµ ÑÑÐ°Ð¿Ñ ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ¸ ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° Ð½Ð¾Ð²ÑÐµ Ð¸Ð·Ð´ÐµÐ»Ð¸Ñ. ÐÑÐ¸Ð²ÐµÐ´ÐµÐ½Ñ Ð½ÐµÐ¾Ð±Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ð¼ÑÐµ ÑÐ¿ÑÐ°Ð²Ð¾ÑÐ½ÑÐµ Ð¼Ð°ÑÐµÑÐ¸Ð°Ð»Ñ, Ð´Ð°Ð½Ñ ÑÐµÐºÐ¾Ð¼ÐµÐ½Ð´Ð°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð¿Ð¾ Ð¸Ñ Ð¸ÑÐ¿Ð¾Ð»ÑÐ·Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ. ÐÐ¾Ð´ÑÐ¾Ð±Ð½Ð¾ ÑÐ°ÑÑÐ¼Ð¾ÑÑÐµÐ½Ð° ÑÐ°Ð·ÑÐ°Ð±Ð¾ÑÐºÐ° ÐºÐ¾Ð½ÑÑÑÑÐºÑÐ¾ÑÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ Ð´Ð¾ÐºÑÐ¼ÐµÐ½ÑÐ°ÑÐ¸Ð¸ Ð½Ð° ÑÐ²Ð°ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÑÐ±Ð¾ÑÐ¾ÑÐ½ÑÑ ÐµÐ´Ð¸Ð½Ð¸ÑÑ.
Collider limits on leptophilic interactions
Creators: name: del Aguila, Francisco
name: Chala, Mikael
name: Santiago, Jose
name: Yamamoto, Yasuhiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Leptophilic interactions can only be observed at the LHC in four-lepton final states. If these interactions are mediated by a resonance in the di-leptonic channel with renormalizable couplings, the mediator must have spin 1. We study the LHC reach for such a vector boson allowing for arbitrary couplings. We find that only couplings to muons can be probed at the LHC because lepton flavor violating couplings are constrained by rare processes, couplings to electrons by LEP and the LHC is not sensitive to final states involving taus in this case. The ILC becomes then complementary to the LHC as it will provide the best limits on $Z'$ couplings to tau leptons. A prominent example is the case of the anomaly-free $Z'$ coupling to the muon minus tau lepton number ${\rm L}_μ- {\rm L}_τ$. If no departure from the Standard Model is observed at the LHC, the most stringent bounds on this vector boson are provided from events with only three charged leptons plus missing energy. Masses of the order of 1 TeV can be probed at the high-luminosity phase of the LHC for $Z^\prime$ couplings of order one. Generic four-lepton operators parametrizing leptophilic interactions can be also constrained using three and four (or two at the ILC) charged-lepton samples, but the corresponding limits are marginal, if meaningful, because the resonant behavior appears to be essential for the signal to be significant.
description: 29 pages, 11 figures; v2: comments and references added
Optical probes and techniques for molecular contrast enhancement in coherence imaging
Creators: name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Marks, D.L.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Xu, C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2005

description: Optics has played a key role in the rapidly developing field, of molecular imaging. The spectroscopic nature and high-resolution imaging capabilities of light provide a means for probing biological morphology and function at the cellular and molecular levels. While the use of bioluminescent and fluorescent probes has become a mainstay in optical molecular imaging, a large number of other optical imaging modalities exist that can be included in this emerging field. In vivo imaging technologies such as optical coherence tomography and reflectance confocal microscopy have had limited use of molecular probes. In the last few years, novel nonfluorescent and nonbioluminescent molecular imaging probes have been developed that will initiate new directions in coherent optical molecular imaging. Classes of probes reviewed in this work include those that alter the local optical scattering or absorption properties of the tissue, those that modulate these local optical properties in a predictable manner, and those that are detected utilizing spectroscopic optical coherence tomography (OCT) principles. In addition to spectroscopic OCT, novel nonlinear interferometric imaging techniques have recently been developed to detect endogenous molecules. Probes and techniques designed for coherent molecular imaging are likely to improve the detection and diagnostic capabilities of OCT.
Australian speech-language pathologists’ self-rated confidence, knowledge and skill on constructs essential to practising in literacy with children and adolescents
Creators: name: Stephenson, Caitlin
name: Serry, Tanya
name: Snow, Pamela
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 4201
subject: Allied health and rehabilitation science
classificationCode: 4704
subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Purpose: To investigate Australian speech-language pathologists’ (SLPs’) knowledge of language and literacy constructs, skills in linguistic manipulation, and self-rated ability and confidence. Method: Two hundred and thirty-one SLPs from across Australia completed an online knowledge and skill assessment survey. Result: There was substantial individual variability regarding performance on items measuring the knowledge and skills of essential literacy constructs. SLPs were most likely to rate their confidence in providing intervention for phonological and phonemic awareness as "very good" or "expert". They reported lower confidence providing intervention for all other aspects of literacy. The majority of SLPs reported what they described as inadequate preservice training to practise in literacy. There was variability between respondents in their self-reported alignment with approaches and beliefs that are unsupported by current research evidence on reading instruction and support. Conclusion: The level and consistency of SLPs’ literacy knowledge and skills requires improvement. The perception of inadequate preparation to practise in literacy may mean that SLPs are reluctant to engage in this area of practice. Minimum accreditation requirements specifically for literacy are recommended, together with assurance of ongoing professional learning opportunities spanning all components of literacy.
Sobolev spaces of maps and the Dirichlet problem for harmonic maps
Creators: name: Pigola, Stefano
name: Veronelli, Giona
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58E20, 46E35

description: In this paper we prove the existence of a solution to the Dirichlet problem for harmonic maps into a geodesic ball on which the squared distance function from the origin is strictly convex. This improves a celebrated theorem obtained by S. Hildebrandt, H. Kaul and K. Widman in 1977. In particular no curvature assumptions on the target are required. Our proof relies on a careful analysis of the Sobolev spaces of maps involved in the variational process, and on a deformation result which permits to glue a suitable Euclidean end to the geodesic ball.
description: 24 pages. Corrected typos. Added references
Electromagnetically induced transparency for guided light in an atomic array outside an optical nanofiber
Creators: name: Kien, Fam Le
name: Rauschenbeutel, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the propagation of guided light along an array of three-level atoms in the vicinity of an optical nanofiber under the condition of electromagnetically induced transparency. We examine two schemes of atomic levels and field polarizations where the guided probe field is quasilinearly polarized along the major or minor principal axis, which is parallel or perpendicular, respectively, to the radial direction of the atomic position. Our numerical calculations indicate that 200 cesium atoms in a linear array with a length of 100 $μ$m at a distance of 200 nm from the surface of a nanofiber with a radius of 250 nm can slow down the speed of guided probe light by a factor of about $3.5\times 10^6$ (the corresponding group delay is about 1.17 $μ$s). In the neighborhood of the Bragg resonance, a significant fraction of the guided probe light can be reflected back with a negative group delay. The reflectivity and the group delay of the reflected field do not depend on the propagation direction of the probe field. However, when the input guided light is quasilinearly polarized along the major principal axis, the transmittivity and the group delay of the transmitted field substantially depend on the propagation direction of the probe field. Under the Bragg resonance condition, an array of atoms prepared in an appropriate internal state can transmit guided light polarized along the major principal in one specific direction even in the limit of infinitely large atom numbers. The directionality of transmission of guided light through the array of atoms is a consequence of the existence of a longitudinal component of the guided light field as well as the ellipticity of both the field polarization and the atomic dipole vector.
description: 24 pages, 29 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Optical characterization of contrast agents for optical coherence tomography
Creators: name: Boppart, S.A.
name: Luo, W.
name: Oldenburg, A.L.
name: Lee, T.-M.
name: Suslick, K.S.
name: Toublan, F.J.-J.
name: Marks, D.L.
name: Sitafalwalla, S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2003

description: The use of contrast agents in almost every imaging modality has been known to enhance the sensitivity of detection and improve diagnostic capabilities by site-specifically labeling tissues or cells of interest. The imaging capabilities of Optical Coherence Tomography (OCT) need to be improved in order to detect early neoplastic changes in medicine and tumor biology. We introduce and characterize the optical properties of several types of optical contrast agents in OCT, namely encapsulating microspheres that incorporate materials including melanin, gold, and carbon. Micron-sized microspheres have been fabricated by state-of-the-art sonicating and ultrasound technology. The optical properties of optical contrast agents have been characterized according to their scattering and absorption coefficients and lifetimes using OCT and the oblique incidence reflectometry method. Finally, we demonstrate the use of these optical contrast agents in in vitro mice liver and analyze the contrast improvement from the OCT images. These optical contrast agents have the potential to improve the detection of in vivo pathologies in the future.