Additional file 1 of Transient intracranial pressure elevations (B waves) are associated with sleep apnea
Creators: name: Riedel, Casper Schwartz
name: Martinez-Tejada, Isabel
name: Andresen, Morten
name: Wilhjelm, Jens E.
name: Jennum, Poul
name: Juhler, Marianne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Mental Health

description: Additional file 1: Figure S1. Visualization of ICP changes during all obstructive events across all patients. A The average ICP change during apnea events is plotted over time. The shaded region indicates the SEM at each time point for the compiled dataset comprising all obstructive events across the patients. B Boxplots demonstrating the distribution of ICP changes across the sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, REM) and the total, along with individual data points. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with the median ICP change highlighted by a red line. The whiskers extend from the box to data points within 1.5 times the IQR. Figure S2. Visualization of ICP changes during all hypopnea events across all patients. A The average ICP change during apnea events is plotted over time. The shaded region indicates the SEM at each time point for the compiled dataset comprising all hypopnea events across the patients. B Boxplots demonstrating the distribution of ICP changes across the sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, REM) and the total, along with individual data points. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with the median ICP change highlighted by a red line. The whiskers extend from the box to data points within 1.5 times the IQR. Figure S3. Visualization of ICP changes during all central events across all patients. A The average ICP change during apnea events is plotted over time. The shaded region indicates the SEM at each time point for the compiled dataset comprising all central events across the patients. B Boxplots demonstrating the distribution of ICP changes across the sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, REM) and the total, along with individual data points. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with the median ICP change highlighted by a red line. The whiskers extend from the box to data points within 1.5 times the IQR. Figure S4. Visualization of ICP changes during all mixed events across all patients. A The average ICP change during apnea events is plotted over time. The shaded region indicates the SEM at each time point for the compiled dataset comprising all mixed events across the patients. B Boxplots demonstrating the distribution of ICP changes across the sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, REM) and the total, along with individual data points. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with the median ICP change highlighted by a red line. The whiskers extend from the box to data points within 1.5 times the IQR. Figure S5. Visualization of ICP changes during all respiratory arousal events across all patients. A The average ICP change during apnea events is plotted over time. The shaded region indicates the SEM at each time point for the compiled dataset comprising all hypopnea events across the patients. B Boxplots demonstrating the distribution of ICP changes across the sleep stages (N1, N2, N3, REM) and the total, along with individual data points. Each box indicates the interquartile range (IQR), with the median ICP change highlighted by a red line. The whiskers extend from the box to data points within 1.5 times the IQR. Figure S6. Pediatric patient with transient ICP elevations with respiratory disturbances in NREM sleep. An increase and decrease are seen in the flow signal and the thorax and abdominal RIP signal with every increase in ICP. ICP is blue, with purple indicating the duration of respiratory disturbances. Flow: nasal cannula registering flow changes (arbitrary units). RIP, respiratory inductance plethysmography; thorax and abdomen movements (arbitrary units). SaO2 (%), oxyhemoglobin saturation measured on the finger. Heart rate, beats/min. Hypnogram with awake and sleep stages. Figure S7. NREM to REM transition in a patient with pediatric-onset hydrocephalus. The peak of the transient ICP elevation is seen when respiration resumes with a ventilatory overshoot, marked by increased flow and respiratory movements in the thorax and abdominal RIP. In NREM, the beginning sinusoidal transient ICP elevation with a low ICP increase and frequent arousals is seen with more activity in the thoracic RIP than in the abdominal RIP. ICP is shown in blue, with red and purple indicating the duration of apneas and respiratory disturbances, respectively. Flow: nasal cannula registering flow changes (arbitrary units). RIP, respiratory inductance plethysmography; thorax and abdomen movements (arbitrary units). SaO2 (%), oxyhemoglobin saturation measured on the finger. Heart rate, beats/min. Hypnogram with awake and sleep stages. Figure S8. ICP elevations with every REM sleep episode in a patient with IIH. The ICP signal has a declining trend through each REM sleep episode. ICP is blue, with red and purple indicating the duration of apneas and respiratory disturbances. Flow: nasal cannula registering flow changes (arbitrary units). RIP, respiratory inductance plethysmography; thorax and abdomen movements (arbitrary units). SaO2 (%), oxyhemoglobin saturation measured on the finger. Heart rate, beats/min. Hypnogram with awake and sleep stages. Figure S9. Patient with IIH and repeating ramp-type transient ICP elevations with the onset of REM without apneas, respiratory disturbances, or desaturation. ICP is shown in blue, with red and purple indicating the duration of apneas and respiratory disturbances. Flow, nasal cannula registering flow changes (arbitrary units). RIP, respiratory inductance plethysmography; thorax and abdomen movements (arbitrary units). SaO2 (%), oxyhemoglobin saturation measured on the finger. Heart rate, beats/min. Hypnogram with awake and sleep stages. Figure 10. Repeating ramp-type transient ICP elevations with the onset of REM in a patient with IIH without changes in CO2 and O2. ICP is blue, with red and purple indicating the duration of apnea and respiratory disturbances. Flow: nasal cannula registering flow changes (arbitrary units). RIP, respiratory inductance plethysmography; thorax and abdomen movements (arbitrary units). SaO2 (%), oxyhemoglobin saturation measured on the finger. Heart rate, beats/min. Hypnogram with awake and sleep stages. CO2 was measured with end-tidal LoFLo. Table S1. Detailed information about all patients. Table S2. Quantification of transient ICP elevations. Table S3. Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) usage in the three patients.