cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Complex Policy Choices about Agricultural Externalities: Efficiency, Equity and Acceptability
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Political Economy
subject: Public Economics
subject: agricultural policy
subject: public policy

description: A feature of the research contribution of Konrad Hagedorn is his proposals for the integration of economic, social and political dimensions of agricultural policy. His wholistic approach involves, in part, an extension of new institutionalism to public policy. This article identifies a number of difficulties that arise in choosing public policies for regulating externalities generated by agricultural activity. First, it is noted that finding an economically efficient agricultural policy can be difficult because the functions involved can be irregular – they may involve features associated with the mathematics of catastrophe. This adds to the complexity of public decision-making and adds to the bounds in rational choice. Secondly, in the light of the research results of behavioural economists and other considerations, it is shown that efficient economic solutions to resource allocation are not independent of the distribution of property rights. This inevitably requires consideration of whether the distribution of these rights is equitable. Thirdly, the importance of institutional structures for the transaction costs (or more generally administrative costs) of implementing agricultural policy are stressed and this is illustrated. Fourthly, the political acceptability or practicality of implementing policies is claimed to be a relevant consideration in choosing agricultural policies. It is noted that this is influenced by existing social structures and cultural factors. Some of these issues are briefly illustrated by public policies (such as those implied by the International Convention on Biological Diversity) designed or intended to extend property rights in genetic material.
Fast electronic relaxation in metal nanoclusters via excitation of coherent shape deformations: Circumventing a bottleneck
Creators: name: Kresin, Vitaly V.
name: Ovchinnikov, Yu. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electron-phonon relaxation in size-quantized systems may become inhibited when the spacing of discrete electron energy levels exceeds the magnitude of the phonon frequency. We show, however, that nanoclusters can support a fast nonradiative relaxation channel which derives from their distinctive ability to undergo Jahn-Teller shape deformations. Such a deformation represents a collective and coherent vibrational excitation and enables electronic transitions to occur without a multiphonon bottleneck. We analyze this mechanism for a metal cluster within the analytical framework of a three-dimensional potential well undergoing a spheroidal distortion. An expression for the time evolution of the distortion parameter is derived, the electronic level crossing condition formulated, and the probability of electronic transition at a level crossing is evaluated. An application to electron-hole recombination in a closed-shell aluminum cluster with 40 electrons shows that the short (~250 fs) excitation lifetime observed in recent pump-probe experiments can be explained by the proposed mechanism.
description: 21 pages
Wildlife Conservation and the Value of New Zealand's Otago Peninsula: Economic Impacts and Other Considerations
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: New Zealand
subject: wildlife tourism
subject: wildlife conservation
subject: Yellow-eyed Penguins

description: Valuing objects is a distinctive human trait. It is necessary for rational behaviour. Factors that are likely to influence valuations, the difficulties of getting agreements about valuations and the limited perspective of economics as a basis for valuation are discussed generally in this article. Attributes of Otago Peninsula that seem to be valuable and worth conserving are listed and discussed, taking into account possible conflicts in getting maximum value from these attributes. Particular attention is given to the economic value of conserving wildlife species on the Otago Peninsula. As a result of the presence of these species and their use for tourism, expenditure of over $100 million NZ is generated annually in the Dunedin regional economy (directly or indirectly) and that 800-1000 full-time equivalent jobs are created. The economic opportunity cost of this wildlife conservation on the Peninsula is low and that the economic benefits from this conservation are well in excess of the costs involved. When non-use economic values and the social values associated with Otago Peninsula are taken into account, this further adds to the value of conserving this wildlife. While there has been remarkable expansion in wildlife tourism on the Otago Peninsula and its economic impact in the Dunedin region in the last two decades, (especially in the viewing of Yellow-eyed Penguins), difficulties and constraints are emerging that are likely to hamper its future expansion. However, wildlife tourism on the Otago Peninsula will still have a huge economic impact on Dunedin’s regional economy in the future. Consequently, even if assessed solely in terms of their economic value, the wildlife attractions of the Otago Peninsula are well worth conserving. Furthermore, the value of conserving biodiversity on the Peninsula exceeds its touristic and its economic value. Some conservation organizations (such as the Yellow-eyed Penguin Trust), even though not directly involved in tourism, add to its economic value as well as to its social value and promote the highly desired goal of conserving biodiversity.
Additional file 1 of Transthoracic echocardiography and cardiac biomarkers in healthy captive male and female squirrel monkeys (Saimiri spp.)
Creators: name: Locquet, Laurent
name: Houdellier, Blandine
name: Broeckx, Bart J. G.
name: Bouts, Tim
name: Liekens, Veronique
name: Saunders, Jimmy H.
name: Smets, Pascale
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Supplement I: Operating procedure of the echocardiographic examination in healthy captive male and female squirrel monkeys.
High-resolution imaging of the radio source associated with Project Hephaistos Dyson Sphere Candidate G
Creators: name: Ren, Tongtian
name: Garrett, Michael A.
name: Siemion, Andrew P. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high-resolution e-MERLIN and EVN (e-VLBI) observations of a radio source associated with Dyson Sphere candidate G, identified as part of Project Hephaistos. The radio source, VLASS J233532.86-000424.9, is resolved into three compact components and shows the typical characteristics of a radio-loud active galactic nucleus (AGN). In particular, the European VLBI Network (EVN) observations show that it has a brightness temperature in excess of $10^{8}$~K. No radio emission is detected at the position of the M-dwarf star. This result confirms our earlier hypothesis, that at least some of the Dyson Sphere candidates of project Hephaistos are contaminated by obscured, background AGN, lying close to the line of sight of otherwise normal galactic stars. High-resolution radio observations of other Dyson Sphere candidates can be useful in distinguishing truly promising candidates from those contaminated by background sources.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, published in MNRAS Letters
Unitarity, quasi-normal modes and the AdS_3/CFT_2 correspondence
Creators: name: Siopsis, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In general, black-hole perturbations are governed by a discrete spectrum of complex eigen-frequencies (quasi-normal modes). This signals the breakdown of unitarity. In asymptotically AdS spaces, this is puzzling because the corresponding CFT is unitary. To address this issue in three dimensions, we replace the BTZ black hole by a wormhole, following a suggestion by Solodukhin [hep-th/0406130]. We solve the wave equation for a massive scalar field and find an equation for the poles of the propagator. This equation yields a rich spectrum of {\em real} eigen-frequencies. We show that the throat of the wormhole is $o(e^{-1/G})$, where $G$ is Newton's constant. Thus, the quantum effects which might produce the wormhole are non-perturbative.
description: 9 pages
Additional file 4 of Integration of genomics, metagenomics, and metabolomics to identify interplay between susceptibility alleles and microbiota in adenoma initiation
Creators: name: Moskowitz, Jacob E.
name: Doran, Anthony G.
name: Zhentian Lei
name: Susheel B. Busi
name: Hart, Marcia L.
name: Franklin, Craig L.
name: Sumner, Lloyd W.
name: Keane, Thomas M.
name: Amos-Landgraf, James M.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 4.
Global Property Rights in Genetic Resources: Do They Involve Sound Economics? Will they Conserve Nature and Biodiversity?
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: genetic resources
subject: property rights

description: In recent years, growing economic globalisation has been accompanied by rising social support for market systems as a means of managing resource-use. In turn, the free market movement considers definite and secure property rights (especially private rights and, sometimes, communal rights) in resources to be the necessary basis for a desirable market system. Global policies for managing the Earth’s genetic resources have been influenced by this approach. As outlined in this article, there has been a global expansion of property rights in genetic resources, and further extensions have been advocated. In order to assess the possible social benefits and costs of granting property rights in genetic resources, these are classified. This classification is shown to be useful in discussing economic and legal reasons for granting or denying property rights in genetic resources. Furthermore, this classification is demonstrated to be pertinent to the consideration of market failures that may accompany the granting of property rights in genetic resources and which limit the potential social economic benefits from establishing property rights in these resources. It is concluded that many of those who advocate the management of genetic resources by means of secure property rights and market systems have been overly optimistic about the economic potential of this policy, its social benefits, its impact on the conservation of biodiversity, and its workability. There is a need for more informed debate on these matters before concluding that wholesale global extension of property rights in genetic material is desirable. In addition to the above, this paper compares and assesses the approach on property rights in wildlife and nature adopted in the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) with that advocated in the international Convention on Biological Diversity.
Reduced dynamics of Ward solitons
Creators: name: Dunajski, Maciej
name: Manton, Nicholas S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The moduli space of static finite energy solutions to Ward's integrable chiral model is the space $M_N$ of based rational maps from $\CP^1$ to itself with degree $N$. The Lagrangian of Ward's model gives rise to a Kähler metric and a magnetic vector potential on this space. However, the magnetic field strength vanishes, and the approximate non--relativistic solutions to Ward's model correspond to a geodesic motion on $M_N$. These solutions can be compared with exact solutions which describe non--scattering or scattering solitons.
description: Final version, to appear in Nonlinearity
An improved mathematical model for the sedimentation of microplastic particles in a lid-driven cavity with obstacle
Creators: name: Roy, Nityananda
name: Götz, Thomas
name: Wiyaja, Karunia Putra
name: Sundar, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76Dxx

description: In this paper, we developed a mathematical model for the sedimentation process of small particles in a lid-driven cavity flow with an obstacle to model the transport of microplastic particles in rivers. A stationary incompressible Navier-Stokes simulation at moderate Reynolds-numbers provides the background flow field. Spherical particles are injected into this flow field and their equation of motion is solved to determine the number of particles that sediment on the surface of the obstacle. To capture the effect of typical biological organisms and biofilms on the bottom surface of river beds, the obstacle can exert an attraction force onto the particles. Various simulations and parameter studies are carried out to determine the influence of the obstacle geometry, particle densities, and the attraction force on the sedimentation process.
description: 18 pages, 14 figures, 4 tables
Industrial Challenges in Secure Continuous Development
Creators: name: Moyón, Fabiola
name: Angermeir, Florian
name: Mendez, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The intersection between security and continuous software engineering has been of great interest since the early years of the agile development movement, and it remains relevant as software development processes are more frequently guided by agility and the adoption of DevOps. Several authors have contributed studies about the framing of secure agile development and secure DevOps, motivating academic contributions to methods and practices, but also discussions around benefits and challenges. Especially the challenges captured also our interest since, for the last few years, we are conducting research on secure continuous software engineering from a more applied, practical perspective with the overarching aim to introduce solutions that can be adopted at scale. The short positioning at hands summarizes a relevant part of our endeavors in which we validated challenges with several practitioners of different roles. More than framing a set of challenges, we conclude by presenting four key research directions we identified for practitioners and researchers to delineate future work.
Tight finite-key security for twin-field quantum key distribution
Creators: name: Currás-Lorenzo, Guillermo
name: Navarrete, Alvaro
name: Azuma, Koji
name: Kato, Go
name: Curty, Marcos
name: Razavi, Mohsen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum key distribution (QKD) offers a reliable solution to communication problems that require long-term data security. For its widespread use, however, the rate and reach of QKD systems must be improved. Twin-field (TF) QKD is a step forward toward this direction, with early demonstrations suggesting it can beat the current rate-versus-distance records. A recently introduced variant of TF-QKD is particularly suited for experimental implementation, and has been shown to offer a higher key rate than other variants in the asymptotic regime where users exchange an infinite number of signals. Here, we extend the security of this protocol to the finite-key regime, showing that it can overcome the fundamental bounds on point-to-point QKD with around $10^{10}$ transmitted signals. Within distance regimes of interest, our analysis offers higher key rates than those of alternative variants. Moreover, some of the techniques we develop are applicable to the finite-key analysis of other QKD protocols.
description: 26 pages, 5 figures. v2: major changes on subsection "Concentration inequality for sums of dependent random variables", minor changes elsewhere. v3: Changes on subsection "Concentration inequality for sums of dependent random variables", to use the newest version of the inequality in Ref. [38]. Minor changes in citations elsewhere. v4: Fixed wrong citation numbers in graph legends
Real-time QoS Routing Scheme in SDN-based Robotic Cyber-Physical Systems
Creators: name: Jhaveri, Rutvij H.
name: Tan, Rui
name: Ramani, Sagar V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Industrial cyber-physical systems (CPS) have gained enormous attention of manufacturers in recent years due to their automation and cost reduction capabilities in the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0). Such an industrial network of connected cyber and physical components may consist of highly expensive components such as robots. In order to provide efficient communication in such a network, it is imperative to improve the Quality-of-Service (QoS). Software Defined Networking (SDN) has become a key technology in realizing QoS concepts in a dynamic fashion by allowing a centralized controller to program each flow with a unified interface. However, state-of-the-art solutions do not effectively use the centralized visibility of SDN to fulfill QoS requirements of such industrial networks. In this paper, we propose an SDN-based routing mechanism which attempts to improve QoS in robotic cyber-physical systems which have hard real-time requirements. We exploit the SDN capabilities to dynamically select paths based on current link parameters in order to improve the QoS in such delay-constrained networks. We verify the efficiency of the proposed approach on a realistic industrial OpenFlow topology. Our experiments reveal that the proposed approach significantly outperforms an existing delay-based routing mechanism in terms of average throughput, end-to-end delay and jitter. The proposed solution would prove to be significant for the industrial applications in robotic cyber-physical systems.
Intelligent Data-Driven Architectural Features Orchestration for Network Slicing
Creators: name: Moreira, Rodrigo
name: Silva, Flavio de Oliveira
name: Carvalho, Tereza Cristina Melo de Brito
name: Martins, Joberto S. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.11; C.2.1; I.2.1

description: Network slicing is a crucial enabler and a trend for the Next Generation Mobile Network (NGMN) and various other new systems like the Internet of Vehicles (IoV) and Industrial IoT (IIoT). Orchestration and machine learning are key elements with a crucial role in the network-slicing processes since the NS process needs to orchestrate resources and functionalities, and machine learning can potentially optimize the orchestration process. However, existing network-slicing architectures lack the ability to define intelligent approaches to orchestrate features and resources in the slicing process. This paper discusses machine learning-based orchestration of features and capabilities in network slicing architectures. Initially, the slice resource orchestration and allocation in the slicing planning, configuration, commissioning, and operation phases are analyzed. In sequence, we highlight the need for optimized architectural feature orchestration and recommend using ML-embed agents, federated learning intrinsic mechanisms for knowledge acquisition, and a data-driven approach embedded in the network slicing architecture. We further develop an architectural features orchestration case embedded in the SFI2 network slicing architecture. An attack prevention security mechanism is developed for the SFI2 architecture using distributed embedded and cooperating ML agents. The case presented illustrates the architectural feature's orchestration process and benefits, highlighting its importance for the network slicing process.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, Conference ADVANCE 24 - International Workshop on ADVANCEs in ICT Infrastructures and Services - February 26--29, 2024 - Hanoi, Vietnam
Disintegration of projective measures
Creators: name: Dutkay, Dorin Ervin
name: Jorgensen, Palle E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42C40, 42A16, 42A65, 43A65, 46G15, 47D07, 60G18

description: In this paper, we study a class of quasi-invariant measures on paths generated by discrete dynamical systems. Our main result characterizes the subfamily of these measures which admit a certain desintegration. This is a desintegration with respect to a random walk Markov process which is indexed by the starting point of the paths. Our applications include wavelet constructions on Julia sets of rational maps on the Riemann sphere.
description: new version minor additions
Impacto de choques macroeconômicos sobre os níveis de poluição industrial no Brasil
Creators: name: Mata, Henrique Tome Da Costa
name: Cavalcanti, Jose Euclides Alhadas
name: Mata, Henrique Tome Da Costa
name: Cavalcanti, Jose Euclides Alhadas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Poluição
subject: Crescimento econômico
subject: Modelo de insumo-produto

description: Neste artigo, o problema da poluição industrial é tratado como uma variável endógena ao Modelo de Insumo-Produto Ampliado. No estudo foram estimadas quantidades de diferentes poluentes da água e do ar, com base em dados IPPS do Banco Mundial, elaborados especificamente para este tipo de pesquisa. O modelo analítico proposto por Wassily Leontief foi operacionalizado e consistiu-se de uma versão ampliada da matriz de insumo-produto clássica aplicada à análise ambiental. Os resultados obtidos indicaram que os sólidos totais em suspensão, com 942.872 ton., SO2, com 803.280 ton., NO2, com 477.572 ton., CO, com 414.323 ton. e partículas totais, com 368.791 ton. constituíram as cinco categorias de poluentes dominantes na estrutura industrial brasileira, todas pertencentes à classe de poluentes do ar. Foram identificadas cinco indústrias dinâmicas na emissão de poluentes no Brasil. A siderurgia e metalurgia, outras indústrias, química e petroquímica, madeira, mobiliário, papel e celulose, e materiais eletroeletrônicos, cujos expressivos multiplicadores de emissão de poluentes são resultantes de choques na demanda final. Os setores mais dinâmicos da economia foram também os mais dinâmicos na emissão de poluentes.
Dynamical Properties of nystagmus
Creators: name: Vitanov, Nikolay K.
name: Todorova, Veneta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By the methods of the time series analysis we investigate human vestibular and optovestibular nystagmus time series. They can be stationary or nonstationary and are between the classes of purely periodic or purely chaotic time series. The amplitudes of the autocorrelation functions of the time series have an unexpected peak between 7 and 9 seconds on the time axis. The singular spectrum analysis shows that the important information about the time series is concentrated in the first four to six principal components. The influence of the sensory input modality, which can be changed by opening or closing eyes of the investigated persons, leads to changes in the histogram, but leaves almost unchanged other important characteristics of the time series such as the statistical dimension or the positions of the dominant frequencies in the power spectrum. Thus the behavior of the studied time series shows a presence of nonlinearities which could play an important role for realization of the nystagmus phenomenon.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures, 11 references
Detecting the completeness of a Finsler manifold via potential theory for its infinity Laplacian
Creators: name: Araújo, Damião J.
name: Mari, Luciano
name: Pessoa, Leandro F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study some potential theoretic aspects of the eikonal and infinity Laplace operator on a Finsler manifold $M$. Our main result shows that the forward completeness of $M$ can be detected in terms of Liouville properties and maximum principles at infinity for subsolutions of suitable inequalities, including $Δ^N_\infty u \ge g(u)$. Also, an $\infty$-capacity criterion and a viscosity version of Ekeland principle are proved to be equivalent to the forward completeness of $M$. Part of the proof hinges on a new boundary-to-interior Lipschitz estimate for solutions of $Δ^N_\infty u = g(u)$ on relatively compact sets, that implies a uniform Lipschitz estimate for certain entire, bounded solutions without requiring the completeness of $M$.
Additional file 1 of Assessing the efficiency of Iran health system in making progress towards universal health coverage: a comparative panel data analysis
Creators: name: Haniye Sadat Sajadi
name: Goodarzi, Zahra
name: Amirhossein Takian
name: Efat Mohamadi
name: Alireza Olyaeemanesh
name: Lotfi, Farhad Hosseinzadeh
name: Sharafi, Hamid
name: Somayeh Noori Hekmat
name: Jowett, Matthew
name: Majdzadeh, Reza
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Appendix—Input and output variables of selected countries for a period of six years (2010-2015).
Kinetic and photochemical disequilibrium in the potentially carbon-rich atmosphere of the warm-Jupiter WASP-69b
Creators: name: Bangera, Nidhi
name: Helling, Christiane
name: Guilluy, Gloria
name: Cubillos, Patricio
name: Fossati, Luca
name: Giacobbe, Paolo
name: Rimmer, Paul
name: Kitzmann, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-resolution transmission spectroscopy of the warm gas-giant WASP-69b has revealed the presence of H2O, CO, CH4, NH3, and C2H2 in its atmosphere. This study investigates the impact of vertical diffusion and photochemistry on its atmospheric composition, with a focus on the detected species plus HCN and CO2, to constrain the atmospheric C/O ratio. We utilize non-equilibrium gas-phase simulations to conduct a parameter study for vertical diffusion strength, local gas temperature, and C/O ratio. Our results indicate that a carbon-rich atmosphere enhances CH4 and C2H2 concentrations, while NH3 undergoes chemical conversion into HCN in carbon-rich, high-temperature environments. Consequently, HCN is abundantly produced in such atmospheres, though its strong spectral features remain undetected in WASP-69b. Photochemical production of HCN and C2H2 is highly sensitive to vertical diffusion strength, with weaker diffusion resulting in higher concentrations. Cross-correlation of synthetic spectra with observed data shows that models with C/O=2 best match observations, but models with C/O=0.55 and 0.9 lead to statistically equivalent fits, leaving the C/O ratio unconstrained. We highlight the importance of accurately modeling NH3 quenching at pressures greater than 100 bars. Models for WASP-69b capped at 100 bars bias cross-correlation fits towards carbon-rich values. We suggest that if the atmosphere of WASP-69b is indeed carbon-rich with a solar metallicity, future observations should reveal the presence of HCN.
description: 22 pages, 11 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Knotted Polarizations and Spin in 3D Polychromatic Waves
Creators: name: Sugic, Danica
name: Dennis, Mark R.
name: Nori, Franco
name: Bliokh, Konstantin Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider complex 3D polarizations in the interference of several vector wave fields with different commensurable frequencies and polarizations. We show that the resulting polarizations can form knots, and interfering three waves is sufficient to generate a variety of Lissajous, torus, and other knot types. We describe the spin angular momentum, generalized Stokes parameters and degree of polarization for such knotted polarizations, which can be regarded as partially-polarized. Our results are generic for any vector wave fields, including, e.g., optical and acoustic waves. As a directly-observable example, we consider knotted trajectories of water particles in the interference of surface water (gravity) waves with three different frequencies.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. Research (Rapid Communication)
Can Rotating Black Holes Have Short Hairs?
Creators: name: Ghosh, Rajes
name: Singha, Chiranjeeb
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite the no-hair theorem, several notable hairy black hole (BH) solutions exist in both General Relativity and modified gravity theories. For such hairs to be detectable, they must extend sufficiently beyond the event horizon. This idea has been rigorously formalized by the no-short hair theorem, which dictates that all existing hairs of a static spherically symmetric BH must extend at least to the innermost light ring (LR). However, the theorem's applicability to the astrophysically relevant rotating BHs remains elusive as yet. To address this gap, we examine its validity for rotating BHs in the Konoplya-Rezzolla-Zhidenko-Stuchlík and Johannsen classes. Interestingly, for Klein-Gordon separable BHs in these classes that are solutions of non-vacuum GR, the no-short hair property continues to hold. However, unlike in static cases, this result may not apply in a theory-agnostic fashion due to the rotation-induced repulsive effects. Consequently, we identify a minimal set of additional criteria on the metric and matter content needed for such a generalization in other theories. Our study marks an important first step toward establishing general results on the extent of rotating BH hairs, reinforcing their observational detections. Further extension of this novel result for rotating horizonless objects is also discussed.
description: 6 pages, 1 figure
Persistence behaviour of heat and momentum fluxes in convective surface layer turbulence
Creators: name: Chowdhuri, Subharthi
name: Prabha, Thara V
name: Banerjee, Tirtha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The characterization of heat and momentum fluxes in wall-bounded turbulence is of paramount importance for a plethora of applications, ranging from engineering to Earth sciences. However, how the turbulent structures associated with velocity and temperature fluctuations interact to produce the emergent flux signatures, is not evident till date. In this work, we investigate this fundamental issue by studying the switching patterns of intermittently occurring turbulent fluctuations from one state to another, a phenomenon called persistence. We discover that the persistence patterns for heat and momentum fluxes are widely different. Moreover, we uncover power-law scaling and length scales of turbulent motions that cause this behavior. Furthermore, by separating the phases and amplitudes of flux events, we explain the origin and differences between heat and momentum transfer efficiencies in convective turbulence. Our findings provide new understanding on the connection between flow organization and flux generation mechanisms, two cornerstones of turbulence research.
Imagining Canada : tracing the cultural logics of migration amongst PRC immigrants in Vancouver
Creators: name: Teo, Sin Yih
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This thesis examines the cultural logics of migration amongst recent skilled immigrants from the People's Republic of China (PRC) in Greater Vancouver, British Columbia. Challenging the economistic view of scholars who subscribe to the dominating imperative of capital, it emphasizes instead the social and cultural embeddedness of migration decisions. Integral to this analysis is the role of the imagination in migration. Personal geographies further determine whether the idea for migration takes root in the imagination, and is eventually translated into action. Two key questions guide my enquiry. Firstly, why migrate? Secondly, why migrate to Canada, and Vancouver? A central concern is the kind of resources relied upon as sources of knowledge before the immigrants arrive: how important are social networks and cultural discourses in shaping their knowledge of life in Canada? Another concern is to uncover the migrants' lived realities after their arrival. Do the migrants' experiences in Canada match their expectations prior to migration? How likely are they to remain? Conversely, are there indications of return migration, or migration elsewhere? In terms of methodology, I conducted 3 focus groups and 36 in-depth household interviews with 78 recent PRC immigrants. I also performed textual analysis of the Chinese media, the Internet, and other sources. My research indicates that there is a cultural logic to migration, which reproduces and is reproduced by discursive practices located in the home community and the community of fellow migrants overseas. Key to this cultural logic is the significance of the imagination, where migration is tied to a particular representation of reality such that potential migrants view it as a route for success, regardless of the actual reality. Upon their arrival in Canada, experience is the overarching factor in influencing migrants' responses to Canada. Having parted from their original lives in China, some decide to remain in Canada while others raise the possibility of returning to China. In crossing from China to Canada, different worlds of imagination and reality are traversed, with a premium placed on the perspective of experience in the New World of Canada.
A Multilingual Study of Multi-Sentence Compression using Word Vertex-Labeled Graphs and Integer Linear Programming
Creators: name: Pontes, Elvys Linhares
name: Huet, Stéphane
name: Torres-Moreno, Juan-Manuel
name: da Silva, Thiago G.
name: Linhares, Andréa Carneiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-Sentence Compression (MSC) aims to generate a short sentence with the key information from a cluster of similar sentences. MSC enables summarization and question-answering systems to generate outputs combining fully formed sentences from one or several documents. This paper describes an Integer Linear Programming method for MSC using a vertex-labeled graph to select different keywords, with the goal of generating more informative sentences while maintaining their grammaticality. Our system is of good quality and outperforms the state of the art for evaluations led on news datasets in three languages: French, Portuguese and Spanish. We led both automatic and manual evaluations to determine the informativeness and the grammaticality of compressions for each dataset. In additional tests, which take advantage of the fact that the length of compressions can be modulated, we still improve ROUGE scores with shorter output sentences.
description: Preprint version
Intelligent-Unrolling: Exploiting Regular Patterns in Irregular Applications
Creators: name: Liu, Changxi
name: Yang, Hailong
name: Liu, Xu
name: Luan, Zhongzhi
name: Qian, Depei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Performance (cs.PF)
subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Modern optimizing compilers are able to exploit memory access or computation patterns to generate vectorization codes. However, such patterns in irregular applications are unknown until runtime due to the input dependence. Thus, either compiler's static optimization or profile-guided optimization based on specific inputs cannot predict the patterns for any common input, which leads to suboptimal code generation. To address this challenge, we develop Intelligent-Unroll, a framework to automatically optimize irregular applications with vectorization. Intelligent-Unroll allows the users to depict the computation task using \textit{code seed} with the memory access and computation patterns represented in \textit{feature table} and \textit{information-code tree}, and generates highly efficient codes. Furthermore, Intelligent-Unroll employs several novel optimization techniques to optimize reduction operations and gather/scatter instructions. We evaluate Intelligent-Unroll with sparse matrix-vector multiplication (SpMV) and graph applications. Experimental results show that Intelligent-Unroll is able to generate more efficient vectorization codes compared to the state-of-the-art implementations.
Dynamic Properties of Motor Proteins with Two Subunits
Creators: name: Kolomeisky, Anatoly B.
name: Phillips, Hubert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of motor protein molecules that have two subunits is investigated using simple discrete stochastic models. Exact steady-state analytical expressions are obtained for velocities and dispersions for any number of intermediate states and conformations between the corresponding binding states of proteins. These models enabled a detailed description and comparison of two possible mechanisms of the motion of motor proteins along the linear tracks: the hand-over-hand mechanism when the motion of subunits alternate, and the inchworm mechanism when one subunit is always trailing another one. It is shown that particles in the hand-over-hand mechanism move faster and fluctuate more than the molecules in the inchworm mechanism. The effect of external forces on dynamic properties of motor proteins is discussed. Finally, a method is proposed for distinguishing between these two mechanisms based on experimental observations.
Planning for inclusive participation in international volunteer-sending organizations : the case of Canadian Crossroads International
Creators: name: Etmanski, Catherine
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This study investigates what implications the shift to programming based on the emerging capacity development paradigm has on participant diversity in international volunteer-sending organizations (VSOs). It examines the case of one such organization, Canadian Crossroads International (CCI), through primary document analysis, key informant interviews, a focus group discussion, a questionnaire, and the author's personal involvement in the organization. While it is recognized that the term "diversity" is surrounded by complexity, this thesis assumes that by recruiting diverse participants, a VSO can enhance its: capacity to fulfil its mission; contribution to sustainable and equitable development; maintenance of historical ties to peace and anti-racist movements; and its potential to benefit a broader range of individuals. VSOs are currently re-assessing their programming in order to better meet the demands of both their donors and their Southern partner countries. Some VSOs, including CCI, are coordinating South-South and South-North exchanges based on specific skill sets, and are facilitating partnerships between similarly focused non-governmental organizations (NGOs) in the North and South. These changes pose both opportunities (e.g. increased First Nations participation) and constraints (e.g. continued exclusion of low-income individuals and people with disabilities) on diverse participation in CCI. Four key lessons for other VSOs can be derived from the case study of CCI. First, increased diversity is the result of structural changes, not simply rhetoric that encourages diversity. Second, while participation by volunteers from Southern partner countries increases the overall ethno-cultural diversity, participation at the volunteer level alone is not enough to shift power dynamics between North and South. Third, partnerships with, and recruitment from NGOs that are organized by or work with minority communities can potentially increase the participation of members of those communities in that VSO's programs. Finally, increased diversity is not necessarily a goal in and of itself; replacing racist or otherwise oppressive culture with respect for difference is the underlying goal of promoting diversity. As VSOs play a role in a larger social movement, ensuring that their programs are accessible increases the overall push for global social justice.
Avaliação do cumprimento da reserva legal no Brasil
Creators: name: Oliveira, Samuel Jose De Magalhaes
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
name: Oliveira, Samuel Jose De Magalhaes
name: Bacha, Carlos Jose Caetano
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Reserva legal
subject: Obediência
subject: Brasil

description: O objetivo deste trabalho é analisar o cumprimento da reserva legal no Brasil, dando maior atenção ao que ocorreu na década de 1990. A reserva legal é uma porção da propriedade rural que não pode sofrer o corte raso, mas pode ser explorada comercialmente. Entende-se por cumprimento da reserva legal o respeito à proporção mínima da área total dos imóveis rurais coberta com reserva legal, a qual é fixada pela legislação. A reserva legal foi oficialmente instituída no Brasil em 1934 e sofreu, ao longo do tempo, modificações na dimensão e finalidade. Este trabalho evidencia essas mudanças ao longo do tempo e avalia os resultados que elas implicaram. Além disso, define e estima um modelo econométrico para determinar as variáveis que afetam a medida de cumprimento da reserva legal.
Special relativity in decays of hybrids
Creators: name: Glazek, Stanislaw D.
name: Narebski, Jakub
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A decay of a heavy hybrid is expected to produce light mesons flying out with speeds comparable to the speed of light and phenomenological models of the decay must respect symmetries of special relativity. We study consequences of this requirement in a class of simple constituent models with spin. Our models respect boost symmetry because they conform to the rules of a boost-invariant renormalization group procedure for effective particles in light-front QCD. But rotational symmetry of the decay amplitude is not guaranteed and the parameters in the model wave functions must take special values in order to obtain the symmetry. When the effective interaction Hamiltonian responsible for a hybrid decay has the same structure as the gluon-quark-antiquark interaction term obtained by solving the renormalization group equations for Hamiltonians in first order perturbation theory, the non-relativistic image of a hybrid as built from a quark and an antiquark and a heavy gluon that typically resides between the quarks, cannot produce rotationally symmetric amplitude. However, there exists an alternative generic picture in the model that does satisfy the requirements of special relativity. Namely, the distance between the quark and antiquark must be much smaller than the distance between the gluon and the pair of quarks, as if a hybrid were similar to a gluonium in which one gluon is replaced by a quark-antiquark pair.
description: 39 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables, 55 eps files included (v2: some further explanations added)
Additional file 1 of Austerity policy and child health in European countries: a systematic literature review
Creators: name: Rajmil, Luis
name: Hjern, Anders
name: Spencer, Nick
name: Taylor-Robinson, David
name: Gunnlaugsson, Geir
name: Raat, Hein
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Additional file 4 of Phosphatidic acid-dependent localization and basal de-phosphorylation of RA-GEFs regulate lymphocyte trafficking
Creators: name: Ishihara, Sayaka
name: Sato, Tsuyoshi
name: Guangwei Du
name: Guardavaccaro, Daniele
name: Nakajima, Akihiko
name: Sawai, Satoshi
name: Kataoka, Tohru
name: Katagiri, Koko
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Ecology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4: Figure S4. Effects of phosphorylation/de-phosphorylation of RA-GEF. (A) Prevention of T-cell migration by the inhibition of de-phosphorylation. (Top) The displacement and velocity of WT T cells on ICAM-1 were measured in the presence or absence of CCL21, with or without OA (n = 30). *1P
Análise da competitividade sistêmica da indústria de madeira no estado do Pará
Creators: name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
name: Santana, Antonio Cordeiro De
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Empresas de madeira
subject: Competitividade sistêmica
subject: Cadeia produtiva
subject: Mercado

description: A competitividade da indústria de madeira beneficiada foi analisada à luz dos seguintes modelos teóricos: estrutura-conduta-desempenho, forças competitivas de Porter e competitividade sistêmica. Evidencia-se uma gama de produtos diversificados e diferenciados que estão sendo fabricados e fornecidos aos mercados locais, regionais, nacional e internacional. Avaliaram-se o processo de reestruturação competitiva da indústria de madeira, que alterou o processo de gestão, e a dinâmica de produção e do sistema de governança nas cadeias produtivas de madeira, artefatos, laminados e compensados e móveis, em razão da legislação ambiental e da pressão do mercado consumidor por qualidade, diferenciação de produto e sustentabilidade social e ambiental. A ação das forças competitivas que estão induzindo às mudanças nas estratégias de negócio resultou em perda de competitividade, com queda de 13,62% no market share das empresas de madeira serrada e beneficiada, de 1995 a 2001. O ideário atual é focar o cliente, diferenciar e diversificar a produção, dentro de uma mesma planta ou em combinação com outras plantas, com vistas em agregar valor aos produtos e obter economia de escala, de escopo e de aglomeração.