cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Geometric measures of uniaxial solids of revolution in ${\mathbb{R}^{4}}$ and their relation to the second virial coefficient
Creators: name: Kulossa, Markus
name: Wagner, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide analytical expressions for the second virial coefficients of hard, convex, monoaxial solids of revolution in ${\mathbb{R}^{4}}$. The excluded volume per particle and thus the second virial coefficient is calculated using quermassintegrals and rotationally invariant mixed volumes based on the Brunn-Minkowski theorem. We derive analytical expressions for the mutual excluded volume of four-dimensional hard solids of revolution in dependence on their aspect ratio $ν$ including the limits of infinitely thin oblate and infinitely long prolate geometries. Using reduced second virial coefficients $B_2^{\ast}=B_2/V_{\mathrm{P}}$ as size-independent quantities with $V_{\mathrm{P}}$ denoting the $D$-dimensional particle volume, the influence of the particle geometry to the mutual excluded volume is analyzed for various shapes. Beyond the aspect ratio $ν$, the detailed particle shape influences the reduced second virial coefficients $B_2^{\ast}$. We prove that for $D$-dimensional spherocylinders in arbitrary-dimensional Euclidean spaces ${\mathbb{R}^{D}}$ their excluded volume solely depends on at most three intrinsic volumes, whereas for different convex geometries $D$ intrinsic volumes are required. For $D$-dimensional ellipsoids of revolution, the general parity $B_2^{\ast}(ν)=B_2^{\ast}(ν^{-1})$ is proven.
MOESM1 of Adaptation of wild boar (Sus scrofa) activity in a human-dominated landscape
Creators: name: Johann, Franz
name: Handschuh, Markus
name: Linderoth, Peter
name: Dormann, Carsten
name: Janosch Arnold
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Models, model formulas and model estimates of the PoD models for the regions Altdorf Forest, Swabian Alps and Wurzach Marsh.
ИНСОН ХУҚУҚЛАРИНИ ТАЪМИНЛАШДА СУДЛАРНИНГ ЎРНИ
Creators: name: Амонова, Умида
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Тезис Ўзбекистон суд-ҳуқуқ тизимининг еволюциясига бағишланган бўлиб, унинг тарихий ривожланиши ва ҳозирги ҳолатига бағишланган. Судларнинг инсон ҳуқуқларини таъминлашдаги роли ва уларнинг қонун устуворлиги учун аҳамияти ўрганилмоқда. Мақолада суд амалиёти ва қонунчиликдаги ўзгаришлар, шунингдек, суд тизими дуч келадиган муаммолар таҳлил қилинади. Асарда самарали суд тизими фуқароларнинг ҳуқуқ ва еркинликларини ҳимоя қилиш, мамлакатда демократик институтларни мустаҳкамлашнинг асосий елементи еканлиги таъкидланган.
Regular Typed Unification
Creators: name: Barbosa, João
name: Florido, Mário
name: Costa, Vítor Santos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Here we define a new unification algorithm for terms interpreted in semantic domains denoted by a subclass of regular types here called deterministic regular types. This reflects our intention not to handle the semantic universe as a homogeneous collection of values, but instead, to partition it in a way that is similar to data types in programming languages. We first define the new unification algorithm which is based on constraint generation and constraint solving, and then prove its main properties: termination, soundness, and completeness with respect to the semantics. Finally, we discuss how to apply this algorithm to a dynamically typed version of Prolog.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2024, arXiv:2502.08453
The $β$ Fermi-Pasta-Ulam-Tsingou Recurrence Problem
Creators: name: Pace, Salvatore D.
name: Reiss, Kevin A.
name: Campbell, David K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a thorough investigation of the first FPUT recurrence in the $β$-FPUT chain for both positive and negative $β$. We show numerically that the rescaled FPUT recurrence time $T_{r}=t_{r}/(N+1)^{3}$ depends, for large $N$, only on the parameter $S\equiv Eβ(N+1)$. Our numerics also reveal that for small $\left|S\right|$, $T_{r}$ is linear in $S$ with positive slope for both positive and negative $β$. For large $\left|S\right|$, $T_{r}$ is proportional to $\left|S\right|^{-1/2}$ for both positive and negative $β$ but with different multiplicative constants. In the continuum limit, the $β$-FPUT chain approaches the modified Korteweg-de Vries (mKdV) equation, which we investigate numerically to better understand the FPUT recurrences on the lattice. In the continuum, the recurrence time closely follows the $|S|^{-1/2}$ scaling and can be interpreted in terms of solitons, as in the case of the KdV equation for the $α$ chain. The difference in the multiplicative factors between positive and negative $β$ arises from soliton-kink interactions which exist only in the negative $β$ case. We complement our numerical results with analytical considerations in the nearly linear regime (small $\left|S\right|$) and in the highly nonlinear regime (large $\left|S\right|$). For the former, we extend previous results using a shifted-frequency perturbation theory and find a closed form for $T_{r}$ which depends only on $S$. In the latter regime, we show that $T_{r}\propto\left| S\right|^{-1/2}$ is predicted by the soliton theory in the continuum limit. We end by discussing the striking differences in the amount of energy mixing as well as the existence of the FPUT recurrences between positive and negative $β$ and offer some remarks on the thermodynamic limit.
Αποτίμηση της φέρουσας ικανότητας του συγκροτήματος Ξενία Καλαμπάκας με ελαστική και ανελαστική ανάλυση και πρόταση ενίσχυσης σύμφωνα με τον κανονισμό επεμβάσεων
Creators: name: Ξανθός, Ιωάννης Γεωργίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2025
Subjects: Μη γραμμική ανάλυση χωρικού μοντέλου
Κανονισμός Επεμβάσεων
Ενίσχυση με FRP
Non-linear analysis of spatial model
Intervention Regulation
Strengthening with FRP

description: Η παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία με τίτλο «Αποτίμηση της φέρουσας ικανότητας του συγκροτήματος ΞΕΝΙΑ Καλαμπάκας με ελαστική και ανελαστική ανάλυση και πρόταση ενίσχυσης σύμφωνα με τον ΚΑΝ.ΕΠΕ.» εκπονήθηκε στo πλαίσια των σπουδών μου στο διατμηματικό πρόγραμμα μεταπτυχιακών σπουδών Προστασία Συντήρηση και Αποκατάσταση Μνημείων Πολιτισμού. Σκοπός της μελέτης είναι η ενίσχυση του κτιρίου με μια ευαισθητοποιημένη πρόταση που «σέβεται» την αρχιτεκτονική πρόταση του δημιουργού, είναι σύμφωνη με την νέα αρχιτεκτονική πρόταση αλλά και πλήρως αντιστρέψιμη.
description: The present thesis, titled "Assessment of the load-bearing capacity of the XENIA complex in Kalampaka with linear and non linear analysis and proposal for reinforcement according to KAN.EPE.", was carried out as part of my studies in the interdisciplinary postgraduate program in Protection, Conservation, and Restoration of Cultural Monuments. The aim of the study is to reinforce the building with a thoughtful proposal that "respects" the architectural design of the creator, aligns with the new architectural proposal, and is fully reversible
description: Τμήμα Αρχιτεκτόνων Μηχανικών σε συνεργασία με τα Τμήματα Πολιτικών Μηχανικών, Αγρονόμων και Τοπογράφων Μηχανικών, Μηχανολόγων Μηχανικών, Ηλεκτρολόγων Μηχανικών και Μηχανικών Υπολογιστών, Χημικών Μηχανικών και Μηχανικών Χωροταξίας και Ανάπτυξης της Πολυτεχνικής Σχολής του ΑΠΘ
Coulomb Blockade and Kondo Effect in a Quantum Hall Antidot
Creators: name: Sim, H. -S.
name: Kataoka, M.
name: Yi, Hangmo
name: Hwang, N. Y.
name: Choi, M. -S.
name: Yang, S. -R. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a general capacitive model for an antidot, which has two localized edge states with different spins in the quantum Hall regime. The capacitive coupling of localized excess charges, which are generated around the antidot due to magnetic flux quantization, and their effective spin fluctuation can result in Coulomb blockade, h/(2e) Aharonov-Bohm oscillations, and the Kondo effect. The resultant conductance is in qualitative agreement with recent experimental data.
description: 3 figures, to appear in Physical Review Letters
title: A preliminary acoustic analysis of the vowel /y/ in the Occitan spoken in Val d’Aran (Aranese)
Creators: name: Sidney, Martin
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: The presence of the high front rounded vowel /y/ in the
Occitan spoken in Val d’Aran (Spain) has been observed as far back as
the mid-19th century. The high-front rounded vowel in Aranese, IPA
/y/, has been described as a sound close to French /y/ but there are no
empirical analyses to confirm such observation. This study is a
preliminary acoustic analysis of /y/ in spontaneous speech and from
18 speakers of Aranese, 7 female and 11 male. The study empirically
shows that Aranese and French /y/ are acoustically similar, thus
confirming previous impressionistic observations.
description: Keywords: acoustic analysis, vowels, contrastive analysis, Occitan,
Aranese, French
description: Grazer Linguistische Studien 92 (Herbst 2020); S. 5-19
Heteropolygonatum anomalum Floden 2014, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Floden, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Heteropolygonatum
Heteropolygonatum anomalum

description: Heteropolygonatum anomalum (Hua) Floden, comb. nov.
 Basionym: Polygonatum anomalum Hua (1892: 420). Type:— CHINA. Western Sichuan and Tibetan Frontier: chiefly near Tachienlu, at 9000–15000 feet, s.d., Pratt 41 (holotype P!; isotypes BM!, K!).
 Distribution:— China, Sichuan, only known from Gongga Shan, 2400–4000 m.
 Taxonomic relationships:—Hua (1892) doubted his initial placement of this species in Polygonatum due to the imbricate perigone and the combination of the ovary to style ratio and the short filaments which are not known in the alternate leaved species (see also Hayata, 1911 who doubted his own generic placement of the recently transferred H. altelobatum). Heteropolygonatum anomalum is sympatric with H. pendulum, but H. anomalum is much rarer at the lower elevation where H. pendulum grows (Liu & Hu 1984, B. Olsen pers. comm., Yang et al. 2012). These two species are clearly distinguishable based on morphology. Heteropolygonatum anomalum is also geographically proximal and morphologically similar to H. ogisui which grows on Wawu Shan 100 km to the southeast where it is syntopic with the highly dissimilar one or two-leaved and one-flowered H. xui. Heteropolygonatum anomalum differs from H. ogisui by the following characters: a scabrellous stem (vs. smooth); non-glaucous abaxial leaf surfaces (vs. distinctly white-glaucous); perigone length 9–12 mm (vs. 14–15); a cylindric perigone (vs. campanulate); and different intrafloral measurements (Table 1). It also differs in having a slightly scabrellous stem whereas H. ogisui is reportedly smooth.
 Other specimens examined: — CHINA. Sichuan: 29 June 1982, Lang 307 (KUN!, PE!); ibidem, 2 June 1983, Veg. Grp. 30873 (CBDI!); ibidem, 8 June 1980, Wang & Liu 22168 (CBDI!); ibidem, 1 June 1980, Wang and Liu 22434 (CBDI!); ibidem, May 1904, Wilson 4663 (P!, K!); ibidem, 9 June 1981, Xu 25517 (CBDI!); ibidem, October 1981, Xu 26317 (CBDI!).
description: Published as part of Floden, Aaron J., 2014, New names in Heteropolygonatum (Asparagaceae), pp. 218-226 in Phytotaxa 188 (4) on page 222, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.188.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5147448
MedDoc-Bot: A Chat Tool for Comparative Analysis of Large Language Models in the Context of the Pediatric Hypertension Guideline
Creators: name: Jabarulla, Mohamed Yaseen
name: Oeltze-Jafra, Steffen
name: Beerbaum, Philipp
name: Uden, Theodor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This research focuses on evaluating the non-commercial open-source large language models (LLMs) Meditron, MedAlpaca, Mistral, and Llama-2 for their efficacy in interpreting medical guidelines saved in PDF format. As a specific test scenario, we applied these models to the guidelines for hypertension in children and adolescents provided by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). Leveraging Streamlit, a Python library, we developed a user-friendly medical document chatbot tool (MedDoc-Bot). This tool enables authorized users to upload PDF files and pose questions, generating interpretive responses from four locally stored LLMs. A pediatric expert provides a benchmark for evaluation by formulating questions and responses extracted from the ESC guidelines. The expert rates the model-generated responses based on their fidelity and relevance. Additionally, we evaluated the METEOR and chrF metric scores to assess the similarity of model responses to reference answers. Our study found that Llama-2 and Mistral performed well in metrics evaluation. However, Llama-2 was slower when dealing with text and tabular data. In our human evaluation, we observed that responses created by Mistral, Meditron, and Llama-2 exhibited reasonable fidelity and relevance. This study provides valuable insights into the strengths and limitations of LLMs for future developments in medical document interpretation. Open-Source Code: https://github.com/yaseen28/MedDoc-Bot
description: {copyright} 2024 IEEE. This work has been accepted for publication and presentation at the 46th Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, to be held in Orlando, Florida, USA, July 15-19, 2024
MOESM1 of Patients suffering from psychological impairments following critical illness are in need of information
Creators: name: Vlake, Johan
name: Genderen, Michel
name: Schut, Anna
name: Verkade, Martijn
name: Evert-Jan Wils
name: Gommers, Diederik
name: Bommel, Jasper
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Preferred intervention method inventory.
Microwave distribution in stacked Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+x}$ intrinsic Josephson junctions in a transmission-line geometry
Creators: name: Bae, Myung-Ho
name: Lee, Hu-Jong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The microwave distribution inside a rectangular stack (15 $μ$m$\times$0.72 $μ$m$\times$60 nm) of Bi$_{2}$Sr$_{2}$CaCu$_{2}$O$_{8+x}$ intrinsic Josephson junctions (IJJs) was studied. The stack was microfabricated into a transmission-line geometry, with a few hundred nm thick Au layers deposited on top and bottom of the stack. The microwave distribution was monitored by measuring the anomalous suppression of the tunneling critical current of the IJJs with varied microwave power at frequencies in the W band. This technique can provide valuable information on the microwave transmission modes inside the sandwiched stack of IJJs, which is utterly important for the high-frequency device applications using IJJs, such as fluxon-flow THz oscillators.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Theory challenges at future lepton colliders
Creators: name: Jadach, Stanisław
name: Skrzypek, Maciej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High energy, high luminosity, future lepton colliders, circular or linear, may possibly give us hint about fundamental laws of Nature governing at very short distances and very short time intervals, the same which have brought our Universe to live. Currently considered projects are on one hand linear electron-positron colliders, which offer higher energy and lower beam intensities and on the other hand circular electron-positron colliders, limited in energy but offering tremendous interaction rates. On the far future horizon, muon circular colliders are the only viable projects which can explore $>10$TeV teritory of the lepton colliders. Experiments in all these future colliders will require theoretical calculations, mainly of Standard Model processes (including QED), at the precision level one or even two orders better than available today. After briefly characterization of theory puzzles in the fundamental interactions we shall overview main challenges in the precision calculations of the Standard Model effects, which have to be removed from data, in order to reveal traces of new unexpected phenomena.
description: submitted to Acta Physica Polonica B
The Best Radar Ranging Pulse to Resolve Two Reflectors
Creators: name: Jordan, Andrew N.
name: Howell, John C.
name: Kempf, Achim
name: Zhang, Shunxing
name: White, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous work established fundamental bounds on subwavelength resolution for the radar range resolution problem, called superradar [Phys. Rev. Appl. 20, 064046 (2023)]. In this work, we identify the optimal waveforms for distinguishing the range resolution between two reflectors of identical strength. We discuss both the unnormalized optimal waveform as well as the best square-integrable pulse, and their variants. Using orthogonal function theory, we give an explicit algorithm to optimize the wave pulse in finite time to have the best performance. We also explore range resolution estimation with unnormalized waveforms with multi-parameter methods to also independently estimate loss and time of arrival. These results are consistent with the earlier single parameter approach of range resolution only and give deeper insight into the ranging estimation problem. Experimental results are presented using radio pulse reflections inside coaxial cables, showing robust range resolution smaller than a tenth of the inverse bandedge, with uncertainties close to the derived Cramér-Rao bound.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
O PROTOCOLO DE CARTAGENA E A EXPORTAÇÃO BRASILEIRA DE SOJA
Creators: name: Simoes, Debora Da Costa
name: Burnquist, Heloisa Lee
name: Simoes, Debora Da Costa
name: Burnquist, Heloisa Lee
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Protocolo de Cartagena sobre Biossegurança
subject: soja
subject: comércio internacional
subject: Equilibrium Displacement Model (EDM)

description: O trabalho avalia os impactos da ratificação do PCB pelo Brasil sobre o comércio internacional de soja. Calcularam-se os custos adicionais de identificação resultantes da assinatura do Protocolo. Os números demonstraram que esses custos são mais elevados no Brasil do que nos concorrentes e que essa diferença aumenta quando as exigências de identificação tornam-se mais rígidas. O impacto desse aumento é feito empregando-se o Equilibrium Displacement Model, definindo-se um cenário onde apenas o Brasil cumpre as normas de identificação do PCB. Em um segundo cenário, Argentina e EUA também adotariam medidas equivalentes. Os resultados mostram que se a Argentina e os EUA adotarem medidas semelhantes às exigidas pelo PCB, o Brasil, único país que assinou o protocolo, incorre em perdas relativamente maiores.-----------------------------------------This paper evaluates the impacts of the CPB to Brazil and its outcomes for soybean international trade. The additional costs to identify LMOs were calculated to Brazil, Argentina and the US considering the main proposals submitted during negotiations. The figures revealed that the compliance costs are greater in Brazil than for its competitors and this difference increases as the exigencies become stricter. The impacts of these additional costs in the international market were estimated using the Equilibrium Displacement Model. Considering a scenario under which only Brazil complied with CPB standards and another where Argentina and the US also adopted equivalent measures. The results showed that Brazil would be harmed in both situations. Regarding Argentina and the US, the Scenario 2 presented better results.
Noise-resilient and resource-efficient hybrid algorithm for robust quantum gap estimation
Creators: name: Lee, Woo-Ram
name: Myers, Nathan M.
name: Scarola, V. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a hybrid quantum algorithm for estimating gaps in many-body energy spectra, supported by an analytic proof of its inherent resilience to state preparation and measurement errors, as well as mid-circuit multi-qubit depolarizing noise. Our analysis extends to a broader class of Markovian noise, employing error mitigation strategies that optimize the utilization of quantum resources. By integrating trial-state optimization and classical signal processing into the algorithm, we amplify the signal peak corresponding to the exact target gap beyond the error threshold, thereby significantly reducing gap estimate errors. The algorithm's robustness is demonstrated through noisy simulations on the Qiskit Aer simulator and demonstrations on IBM Quantum processors. These results underscore the potential to enable accurate quantum simulations on near-term noisy quantum devices without resource-intensive error correction.
description: 17 pages, 14 figures
Selfduality for coupled Potts models on the triangular lattice
Creators: name: Richard, Jean-Francois
name: Jacobsen, Jesper Lykke
name: Picco, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present selfdual manifolds for coupled Potts models on the triangular lattice. We exploit two different techniques: duality followed by decimation, and mapping to a related loop model. The latter technique is found to be superior, and it allows to include three-spin couplings. Starting from three coupled models, such couplings are necessary for generating selfdual solutions. A numerical study of the case of two coupled models leads to the identification of novel critical points.
Implementation of PSMA PET/CT and alignment of ordering to SNMMI appropriate use criteria in a large network system
Creators: name: Rowe, Steven P.
name: Savas, Hatice
name: Patel, Hiten D.
name: Li, Eric V.
name: Neill, Clayton
name: Ho, Austin Y.
name: Ross, Ashley E.
name: Bennett, Richard
name: Aguiar, Jonathan A.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: INTRODUCTION: The Society of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging (SNMMI) provides appropriate use criteria (AUC) for prostate-specific membrane antigen positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PSMA PET/CT) which include guidance on imaging in newly diagnosed prostate cancer and in patients with biochemically recurrent (BCR) disease. This study aims to examine trends in PSMA implementation and the prevalence and outcomes of scans ordered in scenarios deemed rarely appropriate or not meeting SNMMI AUC.
METHODS: We retrospectively identified patients who were diagnosed with presumptive National Comprehensive Cancer Network unfavorable intermediate, high, or very high risk prostate cancer, patients who underwent staging for BCR, and all patients staged with PSMA between July 2021 and March 2023. Positivity was validated by adherence to a predetermined reference standard.
RESULTS: The frequency of PSMA use increased in initial staging from 24% to 80% and work-up of BCR from 91% to 99% over our study period. In addition, 5% (17/340) of PSMA scans ordered for initial staging did not meet AUC and 3% (15/557) of posttreatment scans were deemed rarely appropriate. Initial staging orders not meeting SNMMI AUC resulted in no positivity (0/17), while rarely appropriate posttreatment scans were falsely positive in 75% (3/4) of cases. Urologists (53%, 17/32) comprised the largest ordering specialty in rarely appropriate use.
CONCLUSION: The frequency of PSMA use rose across the study period. A significant minority of patients received PSMA PET/CT in rarely appropriate scenarios yielding no positivity in initial staging and significant false positivity post-therapy. Further education of providers and electronic medical record-based interventions could help limit the rarely appropriate use of PET imaging.
Pedological and geochemical investigations at the „Red Outcrop“ of Langenlois (Lower Austria)
Creators: name: Haslinger, Edith
name: Smolíková, Libuše
name: Havlíček, Pavel
name: Roetzel, Reinhard
name: Heinrich, Maria
name: Holásek, Oldřich
name: Vachek, Michal
name: Ottner, Franz
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 2010

description: In einem Aufschluss von Löss-Paläoboden-Sequenzen über Rehberger Amphibolit NW von Langenlois wurden sechs Bodenprofile (Lois 1 bis Lois 6) beprobt und pedologisch, mineralogisch und geochemisch analysiert. Am Profil Lois 7 wurden bodenmikromorphologische Untersuchungen durchgeführt. Zwei Bodenprofile (Lois 1 und 2) haben sich über Amphibolit entwickelt, zwei über einer Amphibolit/Marmor-Wechsellagerung (Lois 5 und 6) und drei Bodenprofile sind Sequenzen von polyzyklischen Paläoböden mit fossilen Bodenhorizonten ohne unterlagerndes kristallines Gestein (Lois 3, 4 und 7). In den Profilen Lois 1–4 und Lois 7 konnten intensive Karbonatanreicherungen beobachtet werden. Diese hohen Mengen an Karbonat können nicht Produkt einer rezenten Bodenbildung sein, sondern sprechen für eine Infiltration von ursprünglich das Profil überlagernden kalzitreichen Sedimenten (Löss), die erodiert wurden. Zudem wurde in Profil Lois 2 ein Kalksinter angetroffen. Dieser Kalksinter könnte aus der Verwitterung der im Profil Lois 6 aufgeschlossenen Marmorlagen stammen. Die Kalksinter-Schicht scheint die Stoffflüsse zwischen unterliegendem Gestein und Solum in den Profilen Lois 1 und 2 mehr oder weniger zu unterbinden, was auch durch die Ergebnisse der geochemischen Analytik unterstrichen wird. In den fossilen Horizonten wurden auch ältere Anzeichen von Tonverlagerung in Form von Tonkutanen über den Aggregaten und darüber hinaus leichte Pseudovergleyungserscheinungen angetroffen. Die mächtigen Profile ohne aufgeschlossenes Grundgebirge (Lois 3, 4 und 7) weisen mehrere polyzyklische Sedimentationsphasen und dadurch mehrere Generationen von fossilen Horizonten auf. Aufgrund der bodenmikromorphologischen Analyse können die Böden vom „Roten Aufschluss“ altersmäßig im unteren bis mittleren Pleistozän oder älter angesiedelt werden.
description: research
Cost of handling potatoes in the local markets
Creators: name: Peterson, George Martin
name: Peterson, George Martin
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1923
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The purpose of this thesis is to give a brief description of the potato marketing system, showing the place of the local concerns in the system, describing them and their business practices; to give a complete accounting system for local concerns; to state difficulties encountered in applying this system to past records; and to analyze and summarize the data thus obtained.
LLM+Reasoning+Planning for Supporting Incomplete User Queries in Presence of APIs
Creators: name: Agarwal, Sudhir
name: Sreepathy, Anu
name: Alonso, David H.
name: Lamba, Prarit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recent availability of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to the development of numerous LLM-based approaches aimed at providing natural language interfaces for various end-user tasks. These end-user tasks in turn can typically be accomplished by orchestrating a given set of APIs. In practice, natural language task requests (user queries) are often incomplete, i.e., they may not contain all the information required by the APIs. While LLMs excel at natural language processing (NLP) tasks, they frequently hallucinate on missing information or struggle with orchestrating the APIs. The key idea behind our proposed approach is to leverage logical reasoning and classical AI planning along with an LLM for accurately answering user queries including identification and gathering of any missing information in these queries. Our approach uses an LLM and ASP (Answer Set Programming) solver to translate a user query to a representation in Planning Domain Definition Language (PDDL) via an intermediate representation in ASP. We introduce a special API "get_info_api" for gathering missing information. We model all the APIs as PDDL actions in a way that supports dataflow between the APIs. Our approach then uses a classical AI planner to generate an orchestration of API calls (including calls to get_info_api) to answer the user query. Our evaluation results show that our approach significantly outperforms a pure LLM based approach by achieving over 95% success rate in most cases on a dataset containing complete and incomplete single goal and multi-goal queries where the multi-goal queries may or may not require dataflow among the APIs.
description: In Proceedings ICLP 2024, arXiv:2502.08453
Untersuchung einer Doline auf dem Zugspitzplatt
Creators: name: Grüger, Eberhard
name: Jerz, Hermann
Publisher: name: Geozon Science Media
Year: 2011

description: Auf dem stark verkarsteten, nahezu vegetationslosen Zugspitzplatt im Wettersteingebirge (Nördliche Kalkalpen) gibt es in 2290 m Höhe eine Doline mit einer fast 1 m mächtigen Füllung aus lössähnlichem Feinsediment. Dieser Feinstaub enthält Pollen und Sporen in Mengen, die trotz der Lage des Untersuchungspunktes weit oberhalb der heutigen Waldgrenze ohne weitere Anreicherung für Pollenanalysen ausreichten. Trotz schlechter Pollenerhaltung konnten die basalen Schichten dieses Profils pollenanalytisch datiert werden. Das älteste Sediment wurde während des frühen Atlantikums, zur Zeit des thermischen Optimums des Holozäns, abgelagert. Eine AMS-Datierung bestätigt dies (7415 ± 30 BP). Seitdem wurde der Untersuchungspunkt nicht mehr von einem Gletscher überfahren. Der gut belegte Gletschervorstoss der Löbben-Schwankung (sog. Plattstand, zwischen 3400 und 3100 Jahren BP) hat die Doline gerade nicht mehr erreicht. Die bekannten holozänen Gletscherstände sind in einer Übersicht dargestellt. Die Zusammensetzung der Pollenspektren der beiden ältesten Proben und deren sehr hohe Pollenkonzentrationen erlauben den Schluss, dass die Entfernung der Doline zum Wald während des Atlantikums sehr viel geringer war als derzeit.
description: research
The nonlinear elasticity of an $α$-helical polypeptide
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Buddhapriya
name: Levine, Alex J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a minimal extension of the worm-like chain to describe polypeptides having alpha-helical secondary structure. In this model presence/absence of secondary structure enters as a scalar variable that controls the local chain bending modulus. Using this model we compute the extensional compliance of an alpha-helix under tensile stress, the bending compliance of the molecule under externally imposed torques, and the nonlinear interaction of such torques and forces on the molecule. We find that, due to coupling of the ``internal'' secondary structure variables to the conformational degrees of freedom of the polymer, the molecule has a highly nonlinear response to applied stress and force couples. In particular we demonstrate a sharp lengthening transition under applied force and a buckling transition under applied torque. Finally, we speculate that the inherent bistability of the molecule may underlie protein conformational change \emph{in vivo}.
description: 16 pages, 7 eps figures
Affleck-Dine mechanism with negative thermal logarithmic potential
Creators: name: Kasuya, S.
name: Kawasaki, M.
name: Takahashi, Fuminobu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate whether the Affleck-Dine (AD) mechanism works when the contribution of the two-loop thermal correction to the potential is negative in the gauge-mediated supersymmetry breaking models. The AD field is trapped far away from the origin by the negative thermal correction for a long time until the temperature of the universe becomes low enough. The most striking feature is that the Hubble parameter becomes much smaller than the mass scale of the radial component of the AD field, during the trap. Then, the amplitude of the AD field decreases so slowly that the baryon number is not fixed even after the onset of radial oscillation. The resultant baryon asymmetry crucially depends on whether the Hubble parameter, $H$, is larger than the mass scale of the phase component of the AD field, $M_θ$, at the beginning of oscillation. If $H < M_θ$ holds, the formation of Q balls plays an essential role to determine the baryon number, which is found to be washed out due to the nonlinear dynamics of Q-ball formation. On the other hand, if $H > M_θ$ holds, it is found that the dynamics of Q-ball formation does not affect the baryon asymmetry, and that it is possible to generate the right amount of the baryon asymmetry.
description: 18 pages, RevTeX4, 9 postscript figures included, final version to appear in Phys.Rev.D
Heteropolyonatum parcefolium Floden 2014, comb. nov.
Creators: name: Floden, Aaron J.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Asparagales
Asparagaceae
Heteropolyonatum
Heteropolyonatum parcefolium

description: Heteropolyonatum parcefolium (F.T.Wang & Tang) Floden, comb. nov.
 Basionym: Polygonatum parcefolium Wang & Tang (1949: 216). Type:— CHINA. Su-tchuen[Sichuan]: oriental: district de Tchen-kéoutin [Chengkou], 1800 m, 15 Juin 1893, Farges 1184 (holotype image PE00223239!; isotypes K!, KUN!, P!, PE!).
 Distribution:— China, Chongqing, Sichuan, 1300–1800 m.
 Taxonomic relationships:— Wang & Tang (1949) based this species on Farges collections from eastern Sichuan. Farges seems to have made two collections of this species; one large gathering in flower in June of 1893 and a smaller gathering (only one specimen seen) at P in fruit. Since Heteropolygonatum fruit in the fall and are deciduous it is highly unlikely that both collections were gathered on the same date. Another collection has Farges handwritten label on it with collection number 1184 and other details of the plant (P00687126!). The specimen that is in fruit, and some of those that are in flower, are annotated by Wang and Tang with the collection number written in the same hand, not the handwriting of Farges. This fruiting specimen is considered to be a paratype, since it was viewed by Wang and Tang, but is not part of the type gathering. Like Heteropolygonatum parcefolium, occasional specimens of H. anomalum and H. ogisui have the lowermost leaf pair borne oppositely on the stem, but unlike the latter two species this species differs in its puberulent stem and in its long pedunculate inflorescences with 2 or more flowers. Despite the limited knowledge of H. parcefolium its morphological dissimilarities and disjunction from H. anomalum and H. ogisui support its recognition as a distinct species.
 Other specimens examined:— CHINA. Sichuan: Nanjiang, Hengdian, anon. 2833 (CBDI01659010!); ibidem, anon. s.n. (PE00036899!); Su-tchuen, oriental: district de Tchen-kéou-tin [Chengkou], 1800 m, 15 June 1893, Farges 1184 (P00038366!).
description: Published as part of Floden, Aaron J., 2014, New names in Heteropolygonatum (Asparagaceae), pp. 218-226 in Phytotaxa 188 (4) on pages 223-224, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.188.4.4, http://zenodo.org/record/5147448
Landau Quasiparticles in Weak Power-Law Liquids
Creators: name: Heath, Joshuah T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The failure of Landau-Fermi liquid theory is often considered a telltale sign of universal, scale-invariant behavior in the emergent field theory of interacting fermions. Nevertheless, there exist borderline cases where weak scale invariance coupled with particle-hole asymmetry can coexist with the Landau quasiparticle paradigm. In this letter, I show explicitly that a Landau-Fermi liquid can exist for weak power-law scaling of the retarded Green's function. Such an exotic variant of the traditional Fermi liquid, although exhibiting a finite quasiparticle weight and large quasiparticle lifetime, is shown to always be incompatible with Luttinger's theorem for any non-trivial scaling. This result yields evidence for a Fermi liquid-like ground state in the high-field, underdoped pseudogap phase of the high-temperature cuprate superconductors.
description: 15 pages, 4 figures
Correlation energy of an electron gas: a functional approach
Creators: name: Rebei, A.
name: Hitchon, W. N. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Correlation effects of an electron gas in an external potential are derived using an Effective Action functional method. Corrections beyond the random phase approximation (RPA) are naturally incorporated by this method. The Effective Action functional is made to depend explicitly on two-point correlation functions. The calculation is carried out at imaginary time. For a homogeneous electron gas, we calculate the effect of exchange on the ring diagrams at zero temperature and show how to include some of the ladder diagrams. Our results agree well with known numerical calculations. We conclude by showing that this method is in fact a variant of the time dependent density functional method and suggest that it is suitable to be applied to the study of correlation effects in the non-homogeneous case.
description: 20 figures numbered as in the text
Ramifications of disorder on active particles in one dimension
Creators: name: Dor, Ydan Ben
name: Woillez, Eric
name: Kafri, Yariv
name: Kardar, Mehran
name: Solon, Alexandre P
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of quenched disorder on a single and many active run-and-tumble particles is studied in one dimension. For a single particle, we consider both the steady-state distribution and the particle's dynamics subject to disorder in three parameters: a bounded external potential, the particle's speed, and its tumbling rate. We show that in the case of a disordered potential, the behavior is like an equilibrium particle diffusing on a random force landscape, implying a dynamics that is logarithmically slow in time. In the situations of disorder in the speed or tumbling rate, we find that the particle generically exhibits diffusive motion, although particular choices of the disorder may lead to anomalous diffusion. Based on the single-particle results, we find that in a system with many interacting particles, disorder in the potential leads to strong clustering. We characterize the clustering in two different regimes depending on the system size and show that the mean cluster size scales with the system size, in contrast to non-disordered systems.
Determining optimal fallout shelter times following a nuclear detonation
Creators: name: Dillon, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 90702 Environmental Engineering Modelling
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 20202 Nuclear Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the event of a single, low-yield nuclear detonation in a major urban area, rapidly providing adequate shelter to affected populations could save 10 000–100 000 individuals from a fatal exposure to fallout radiation. However, poorly sheltered individuals may remain at risk. Current guidance and prior studies are not consistent as to the timing and conditions under which poorly sheltered individuals should leave their shelters to evacuate or obtain better shelter. This study proposes methods to determine the optimal shelter time based on information potentially available following a nuclear detonation. For the case in which individuals move to an adequate shelter that can be reached within 15 min, individuals should stay in a poor-quality shelter for at most 30 min after the detonation. If adequate shelter is available nearby (within 5 min), then poorly sheltered individuals should immediately proceed to the better shelter.
A single institution, cross-sectional study on medical student preferences for collaborators in interprofessional education
Creators: name: Leiman, Erin
name: Coates, Margaret
name: Waite, Kathleen
name: Goins, Emily C.
name: Gordee, Alexander
name: Kuchibahtla, Maragatha
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2024

description: Background While the importance of interprofessional education in medical training has been well-established, no specific framework has been used uniformly or shown to be most effective in the creation of interprofessional education (IPE) sessions. Further, prior studies have demonstrated that students have preferences for the design of these experiences. In this study, we sought to understand medical student preference for interprofessional teammates and motivations for this choice. Methods In this single-institution, cross-sectional analysis of the Duke IPE Clinic, participating students from September 2019–March 2020 completed a voluntary electronic survey that queried preferences for which health professions students (Doctor of Physical Therapy (DPT), Accelerated Bachelor of Science in Nursing (ABSN), Nurse Practitioner (NP), Pharmacy, and Physician’s Associate (PA)) they would want to work with, and the motivating reason. Preferences and reasons were compared between first-year medical students (MS1s) and third- and fourth-year medical students (MS3s/MS4s). Results In total, 132 students participated. We found that MS1s most preferred interprofessional teammates with a more similar area of study (PA, NP), whereas MS3s/MS4s most preferred classmates with a less similar area of study (pharmacy, DPT, ABSN). MS1 students frequently selected their first-choice preference because the profession seemed most similar, while MS3/MS4 students often selected their first-choice preference because the profession seemed most different. Conclusions Medical students earlier in training have more interest in working with professions they view as similar whereas senior students prefer to work with professions they view as more different. This information is important for designing educational IPE opportunities.
Three-dimensional mapping of the altermagnetic spin splitting in CrSb
Creators: name: Yang, Guowei
name: Li, Zhanghuan
name: Yang, Sai
name: Li, Jiyuan
name: Zheng, Hao
name: Zhu, Weifan
name: Pan, Ze
name: Xu, Yifu
name: Cao, Saizheng
name: Zhao, Wenxuan
name: Jana, Anupam
name: Zhang, Jiawen
name: Ye, Mao
name: Song, Yu
name: Hu, Lun-Hui
name: Yang, Lexian
name: Fujii, Jun
name: Vobornik, Ivana
name: Shi, Ming
name: Yuan, Huiqiu
name: Zhang, Yongjun
name: Xu, Yuanfeng
name: Liu, Yang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Altermagnetism, a kind of collinear magnetism that is characterized by a momentum-dependent band and spin splitting without net magnetization, has recently attracted considerable interest. Finding altermagnetic materials with large splitting near the Fermi level necessarily requires three-dimensional k-space mapping. While this is crucial for spintronic applications and emergent phenomena, it remains challenging. Here, using synchrotron-based angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES), spin-resolved ARPES and model calculations, we uncover a large altermagnetic splitting, up to ~1.0 eV, near the Fermi level in CrSb. We verify its bulk-type g-wave altermagnetism through systematic three-dimensional k-space mapping, which unambiguously reveals the altermagnetic symmetry and associated nodal planes. Spin-resolved ARPES measurements further verify the spin polarizations of the split bands near Fermi level. Tight-binding model analysis indicates that the large altermagnetic splitting arises from strong third-nearest-neighbor hopping mediated by Sb ions. The large band/spin splitting near Fermi level in metallic CrSb, together with its high TN (up to 705 K) and simple spin configuration, paves the way for exploring emergent phenomena and spintronic applications based on altermagnets.
description: Nature Communications (accepted). The manuscript contains 19 pages, 5 figures and 1 table. The supplementary information contains 15 pages, 13 figures and 5 tables
title: The Differential Impact of Linguistic Experience on the Discrimination and Categorization of Non-Native Sounds in Foreign Language Learners
Creators: name: Nemati, Fatemeh
name: Ahmadian, Mona
name: Abbasi, Abbas
Publisher: name: Universität Graz
Year: 2020

description: Speech perception has been extensively proven to be
modulated by exposure to native language. As the perception of nonnative
sounds is predicted to be influenced by the phonological
experiences of learners, it is worthwhile to study the perception of
non-native speech sounds by learners who share the same language
learning ecology but possess different linguistic repertoires. This
study focuses on the perception of English dental fricatives, [θ] and
[ð], by Persian and Arabic-Persian EFL learners, with the former
lacking these sounds in their L1 and the latter having them in their L1
(Arabic) phonological system. To examine the perception of these
sounds by both groups and their perceptual substitutes, 90 Iranian EFL
learners – 32 Arabic-Persian bilinguals and 58 Persian monolinguals –
completed a discrimination and an identification task. Although the
results indicated a significant difference only in the identification of
[θ], the trend showed that Arabic-Persian learners were more
successful in the two tasks, presumably due to activating perceptual
routines from their L1. The dominant substitution made in the two
tasks by both groups reveals the prominence of acoustic features
rather than articulatory similarity in the perception of the dental
fricatives.
description: Keywords:  English, Persian, Arabic, dental fricatives, non-native
speech perception, discrimination, identification, perceptual
substitution, monolinguals, bilinguals
description: Grazer Linguistische Studien 92 (Herbst 2020); S. 21-43