cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Approximations for solutions of Lévy-type stochastic differential equations
Creators: name: Barski, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60H10, 60G57

description: The problem of the construction of strong approximations with a given order of convergence for jump-diffusion equations is studied. General approximation schemes are constructed for Lévy type stochastic differential equation. In particular, the paper generalizes the results of Platen Kloeden and Gardo\n. The Euler and the Milstein schemes are shown for finite and infinite Lévy measure.
description: 33 pages
Immunomodulatory purine nucleotides, not NAD+ depletion, are associated with TIR domain-mediated cell death
Creators: name: Eastman, Samuel
name: Smith, Thomas
name: Clemente, Thomas
name: Guo, Ming
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: NAD+
Plant immunity

description: Toll/interleukin-1 receptor (TIR) domain proteins activate or suppress plant immunity by generating immunomodulatory purine nucleotides (IPNs) from NAD+. Plant TIR-domains convert NAD+ into a range of IPNs including ADPR and 2'cADPR while promoting immune activation and plant cell death. Conversely, the phytopathogenic TIR-domain effector HopAM1 converts NAD+ into 3'cADPR while suppressing plant immunity. However, it is still unclear if NAD+ depletion plays a significant role in TIR-mediated cell death caused by HopAM1 or plant TIR-domains. HopAM1 induces moderate accumulation of an unidentified molecule in Arabidopsis thaliana Col-0 and Xan-2. HopAM1’s TIR domain alone (HopAM1TIR) generates cADPR, ADPR, and an additional unidentified product in vitro rather than 3'cADPR. Pseudomonas fluorescens (pHIR11)-delivered HopA161 induces ADPR in Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi but cADPR in A. thaliana Ws-0. HopAM1 suppresses production of both IPNs while blocking cell death. HopA161-induced cell death in N. tabacum cv. Xanthi correlates with production of IPNs, not with a depletion of NAD+. Finally, the IPN-binding phage protein Tad1 (Thoeris anti-defense 1) blocks HopAM1-induced cell death in yeast. Our results show considerably more complexity to TIR-domain enzymatic activity and indicate that NAD+-depletion is unlikely to be the primary mechanism of either HopAM1 or plant TIR domain-mediated cell death.
Uncertainty-Informed Deep Learning Models Enable High-Confidence Predictions for Digital Histopathology
Creators: name: Dolezal, James M
name: Srisuwananukorn, Andrew
name: Karpeyev, Dmitry
name: Ramesh, Siddhi
name: Kochanny, Sara
name: Cody, Brittany
name: Mansfield, Aaron
name: Rakshit, Sagar
name: Bansa, Radhika
name: Bois, Melanie
name: Bungum, Aaron O
name: Schulte, Jefree J
name: Vokes, Everett E
name: Garassino, Marina Chiara
name: Husain, Aliya N
name: Pearson, Alexander T
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A model's ability to express its own predictive uncertainty is an essential attribute for maintaining clinical user confidence as computational biomarkers are deployed into real-world medical settings. In the domain of cancer digital histopathology, we describe a novel, clinically-oriented approach to uncertainty quantification (UQ) for whole-slide images, estimating uncertainty using dropout and calculating thresholds on training data to establish cutoffs for low- and high-confidence predictions. We train models to identify lung adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma and show that high-confidence predictions outperform predictions without UQ, in both cross-validation and testing on two large external datasets spanning multiple institutions. Our testing strategy closely approximates real-world application, with predictions generated on unsupervised, unannotated slides using predetermined thresholds. Furthermore, we show that UQ thresholding remains reliable in the setting of domain shift, with accurate high-confidence predictions of adenocarcinoma vs. squamous cell carcinoma for out-of-distribution, non-lung cancer cohorts.
Synchronization on star graph with noise
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Artem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate synchronization in the Kuramoto model with noise on a star graph. By revising the case of a complete graph, we propose a closed form of self-consistency equation for the conventional order parameter and generalize it for a star graph. Using the obtained self-consistency equation, we demonstrate that there is a crossover between the abrupt synchronization at small noise and the continuous phase transition for quite large noise. We probe this crossover numerically and analytically.
description: Two minor typos were fixed
Binary Control Pulse Optimization for Quantum Systems
Creators: name: Fei, Xinyu
name: Brady, Lucas T.
name: Larson, Jeffrey
name: Leyffer, Sven
name: Shen, Siqian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum control aims to manipulate quantum systems toward specific quantum states or desired operations. Designing highly accurate and effective control steps is vitally important to various quantum applications, including energy minimization and circuit compilation. In this paper we focus on discrete binary quantum control problems and apply different optimization algorithms and techniques to improve computational efficiency and solution quality. Specifically, we develop a generic model and extend it in several ways. We introduce a squared $L_2$-penalty function to handle additional side constraints, to model requirements such as allowing at most one control to be active. We introduce a total variation (TV) regularizer to reduce the number of switches in the control. We modify the popular gradient ascent pulse engineering (GRAPE) algorithm, develop a new alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) algorithm to solve the continuous relaxation of the penalized model, and then apply rounding techniques to obtain binary control solutions. We propose a modified trust-region method to further improve the solutions. Our algorithms can obtain high-quality control results, as demonstrated by numerical studies on diverse quantum control examples.
title: Vorstellung des nationalen multizentrischen Registers zur Endovac-Therapie bei Anastomoseninsuffizienzen und Perforationen des oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt
Creators: name: Heits, Nils
name: Reichert, Benedikt
name: Egberts, Jan-Hendrik
name: Ellrichmann, Mark
name: Schniewind, Bodo
name: Hampe, Jochen
name: Calderoni, Alexander
name: Kijak, Thomas
name: Baumann, Petra
name: Becker, Thomas
name: Schafmayer, Clemens
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Einleitung: Die Endovac-Therapie konnte als Therapie der Insuffizienz und Perforation im oberen Gastrointestinaltrakt mit vielversprechend geringer Mortalität und Morbidität klinischem Outcome im Kurz- und Langzeitverlauf erfolgreich etabliert werden. Eine multizentrische Erfassung und Evaluation[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 133. Kongress der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Chirurgie
Molecular regulation of endometrial lymphangiogenesis
Creators: name: Donoghue., Jacqueline Faye
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Sub-percent accuracy for the intensity of a near infrared water line at 10670 cm$^{-1}$: experiment and analysis
Creators: name: Rubin, Tom M.
name: Sarrazin, Marian
name: Zobov, Nikolai F.
name: Tennyson, Jonathan
name: Polyansky, Oleg L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Laser measurements of the intensity of (201) 3$_{22}$ -- (000) 2$_{21}$ near-infrared water absorption line at 10670.1 \cm\ are made using three different Herriott cells. These measurements determine the line intensity with an standard deviation below of 0.3~\% by consideration of the new geometrically derived formula for the opt ical path length without approximations. This determination together with the current accepted value leads to an overall uncertainty of 0.7~\% of the experimentally assessed line intensity which is compared with previous {\it ab initio} predictions. It is found that steady improvements in the both the dipole moment surface (DMS) and potential energy surface (PES) used in the theoretical studies leads to systematic better agreement with the observation, with the most recent prediction agreeing closely with the experiment.
description: Mol. Phys. (in press)
Amplitude dependence of image quality in atomically-resolved bimodal atomic microscopy
Creators: name: Ooe, Hiroaki
name: Kirpal, Dominik
name: Wastl, Daniel S.
name: Weymouth, Alfred J.
name: Arai, Toyoko
name: Giessibl, Franz J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In bimodal FM-AFM, two flexural modes are excited simultaneously. The total vertical oscillation deflection range of the tip is the sum of the peak-to-peak amplitudes of both flexural modes (sum amplitude). We show atomically resolved images of KBr(100) in ambient conditions in bimodal AFM that display a strong correlation between image quality and sum amplitude. When the sum amplitude becomes larger than about 200 pm, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) is drastically decreased. We propose this is caused by the temporary presence of one or more water layers in the tip-sample gap. These water layers screen the short range interaction and must be displaced with each oscillation cycle. Further decreasing the sum amplitude, however, causes a decrease in SNR. Therefore, the highest SNR in ambient conditions is achieved when the sum amplitude is slightly less than the thickness of the primary hydration layer.
description: 3000 words, 3 Figures, 3 supplimentary figures
CO Emission, Molecular Gas, and Metallicity in Main-Sequence Star-Forming Galaxies at $z\sim2.3$
Creators: name: Sanders, Ryan L.
name: Shapley, Alice E.
name: Jones, Tucker
name: Shivaei, Irene
name: Popping, Gergö
name: Reddy, Naveen A.
name: Davé, Romeel
name: Price, Sedona H.
name: Mobasher, Bahram
name: Kriek, Mariska
name: Coil, Alison L.
name: Siana, Brian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations of CO(3-2) in 13 main-sequence $z=2.0-2.5$ star-forming galaxies at $\log(M_*/M_{\odot})=10.2-10.6$ that span a wide range in metallicity (O/H) based on rest-optical spectroscopy. We find that CO(3-2)/SFR decreases with decreasing metallicity, implying that the CO luminosity per unit gas mass is lower in low-metallicity galaxies at $z\sim2$. We constrain the CO-to-H$_2$ conversion factor ($α_{\text{CO}}$) and find that $α_{\text{CO}}$ inversely correlates with metallicity at $z\sim2$. We derive molecular gas masses ($M_{\text{mol}}$) and characterize the relations among $M_*$, SFR, $M_{\text{mol}}$, and metallicity. At $z\sim2$, $M_{\text{mol}}$ increases and molecular gas fraction ($M_{\text{mol}}$/$M_*$) decrease with increasing $M_*$, with a significant secondary dependence on SFR. Galaxies at $z\sim2$ lie on a near-linear molecular KS law that is well-described by a constant depletion time of 700 Myr. We find that the scatter about the mean SFR-$M_*$, O/H-$M_*$, and $M_{\text{mol}}$-$M_*$ relations is correlated such that, at fixed $M_*$, $z\sim2$ galaxies with larger $M_{\text{mol}}$ have higher SFR and lower O/H. We thus confirm the existence of a fundamental metallicity relation at $z\sim2$ where O/H is inversely correlated with both SFR and $M_{\text{mol}}$ at fixed $M_*$. These results suggest that the scatter of the $z\sim2$ star-forming main sequence, mass-metallicity relation, and $M_{\text{mol}}$-$M_*$ relation are primarily driven by stochastic variations in gas inflow rates. We place constraints on the mass loading of galactic outflows and perform a metal budget analysis, finding that massive $z\sim2$ star-forming galaxies retain only 30% of metals produced, implying that a large mass of metals resides in the circumgalactic medium.
description: 35 pages, 17 figures, submitted to ApJ
title: Social Diffusion of Religious Values within Families
title: Social Diffusion of Religious Values within Families
title: Conceptual and Methodological Considerations
titleType: Subtitle
title: Conceptual and Methodological Considerations
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Arránz Becker, Oliver
name: Lois, Daniel
name: Steinbach, Anja
Publisher: name: UD-E - Institute of Sociology at the University of Duisburg-Essen
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: 20101 Labor Market Research
subject: 10209 Family Sociology, Sociology of Sexual Behavior

description: Familienmitglieder repräsentieren füreinander jeweils gegenseitig den sozialen Kontext, innerhalb dessen sich familiales Handeln und individuelle Persönlichkeitsentwicklung abspielen.
Soziale Einflüsse in Familien äußern sich empirisch in einer überzufälligen Ähnlichkeit
der Familienmitglieder hinsichtlich einer großen Bandbreite von Merkmalen. Der vorliegende
Beitrag fokussiert auf die intrafamiliale Homogenisierung hinsichtlich Religiosität, wobei in
einem empirischen Datenbeispiel horizontale Paar-Angleichungsprozesse sowie vertikale intergenerationale Transmissionsprozesse untersucht werden. Neben dem Befund, dass Sozialisationserfahrungen im Elternhaus bedeutsamer sind als spätere Partnereinflüsse, zeigen die Analysen, dass soziale Kontexteffekte umso stärker ausfallen, je größer die Kohäsion in der
jeweiligen Interaktionsdyade ist; hier operationalisiert über die Beziehungsqualität.
description: Family members create for each other the social context in which family behavior and personality development take place. The importance of social influence in families is evidenced empirically by family members’ great similarity on a wide variety of characteristics. Focusing on
intrafamily convergence on religiosity, the study discuses empirical methods of dyadic analysis
and illustrates their use with an analysis of horizontal intracouple alignment and vertical intergenerational transmission. In addition to the finding that experiences during religious socialization in the parental home have a stronger impact than partner influences in adulthood,
the analyses show that social context effects are stronger when the interaction dyad is more
cohesive, as measured by, for example, relationship quality.
description: Duisburger Beiträge zur soziologieschen Forschung - DBsF
description: Duisburger Beiträge zur soziologischen Forschung - DBsF
GB virus-B infection of marmosets as a surrogate model for hepatitis C virus
Creators: name: Dong., Xuebin
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Regulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase
Creators: name: Feng, Gui-jie
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Physiology.

description: One of the major functions of macrophages is to provide the body with an immediate innate defence against pathogenic micro-organisms. This defence is largely dependent on the generation of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide by macrophages which leads to the killing of these pathogens. NO is also important in many other biological functions. It is derived from L-arginine and molecular oxygen by the enzyme NO synthase (NOS). There are a number of classes of NOS including neuronal NOS (nNOS), endothelial NOS (eNOS) and cytokine-inducible NOS (iNOS). iNOS is upregulated and activated by several immunological stimuli including interferon gamma (IFN-gamma; lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), such activation leads to the production of large quantities of NO which can be cytotoxic. The potential toxicity of NO makes it important to understand the regulation of its production. In the study presented here, J774 cells, a murine macrophage cell line, were used as a model system for studying the induction and regulation of iNOS activation. These cells and murine peritoneal macrophages produce large amounts of NO in response to the T cell-derived lymphokine, IFN- and/or the potent macrophage activator, LPS in a dose-dependent manner. Northern and Western blotting revealed the process of induction of NO synthesis in J774 cells: The maximal induction of NO synthase mRNA was at 4 h while the maximum levels of NOS protein was observed at 8 to 12 h after treatment with IFN-gamma and LPS. IFN-? LPS-induced NO2- accumulation was abolished in the culture supernatants of samples that were pre-treated with cycloheximide. These suggest that iNOS is regulated transcriptionally in a manner that requires de novo protein synthesis. Protein phosphorylation plays a crucial role in regulating the signal transduction cascades leading to many biological responses in eukaryotes. Signals that are reversibly controlled by protein phosphorylation are modulated not only by a protein kinase but also by a protein phosphatase. In this project, I have shown that the induction of iNOS activity in J774 cells by IFN-gamma and LPS was reduced by more than 50% if the cells were pretreated with protein tyrosine kinase (PTK) inhibitors such as Tyrphostin 25, Tyrphostin AG126, and Herbimycin A. In contrast, iNOS was unaffected by pre-incubation with Tyrphostin 1, an inert analogue of these PTK inhibitors. Consistent with these findings, IFN-gamma and LPS-induced iNOS activity was enhanced by 30% in the presence of vanadate, a protein tyrosine phosphatase inhibitor. These results suggested that the activation of tyrosine kinase(s) plays a role in induction of NO synthesis. (Abstract shortened by ProQuest.).
Multi-step two-copy distillation of squeezed states via two photon subtraction
Creators: name: Grebien, Stephan
name: Goettsch, Julian
name: Hage, Boris
name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
name: Schnabel, Roman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Squeezed states of light have been improving the sensitivity of gravitational-wave observatories and are nonclassical resources of quantum cryptography and envisioned photonic quantum computers. The higher the squeeze factor is, the higher is the quantum advantage. Almost all applications of squeezed light require multi-path optical interference, whose unavoidable imperfections introduce optical loss, degrade the squeeze factor, as well as the quantum advantage. Here, for the first time, we experimentally demonstrate the distillation of Gaussian squeezed states that suffered from Gaussian photon loss. Our demonstration already involves two distillation steps. The first step improved the squeeze factor from 2.4 dB to 2.8 dB by the subtraction of two photons. The second step improved the value from 2.8 dB to 3.4 dB by a Gaussification protocol. It was realised on data measured at different times via an 8-port balanced homodyne detector and via data post-processing. The number of distillation steps can be increased by longer data sampling times, without additional hardware. We propose and discuss the application to quantum cryptography and photonic quantum computers.
description: References in the introduction as well as supplementary material added
On Safety Testing, Validation, and Characterization with Scenario-Sampling: A Case Study of Legged Robots
Creators: name: Weng, Bowen
name: Castillo, Guillermo A.
name: Zhang, Wei
name: Hereid, Ayonga
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The dynamic response of the legged robot locomotion is non-Lipschitz and can be stochastic due to environmental uncertainties. To test, validate, and characterize the safety performance of legged robots, existing solutions on observed and inferred risk can be incomplete and sampling inefficient. Some formal verification methods suffer from the model precision and other surrogate assumptions. In this paper, we propose a scenario sampling based testing framework that characterizes the overall safety performance of a legged robot by specifying (i) where (in terms of a set of states) the robot is potentially safe, and (ii) how safe the robot is within the specified set. The framework can also help certify the commercial deployment of the legged robot in real-world environment along with human and compare safety performance among legged robots with different mechanical structures and dynamic properties. The proposed framework is further deployed to evaluate a group of state-of-the-art legged robot locomotion controllers from various model-based, deep neural network involved, and reinforcement learning based methods in the literature. Among a series of intended work domains of the studied legged robots (e.g. tracking speed on sloped surface, with abrupt changes on demanded velocity, and against adversarial push-over disturbances), we show that the method can adequately capture the overall safety characterization and the subtle performance insights. Many of the observed safety outcomes, to the best of our knowledge, have never been reported by the existing work in the legged robot literature.
Explaining the $W$ boson mass anomaly and dark matter with a $U(1)$ dark sector
Creators: name: Zhang, Kai-Yu
name: Feng, Wan-Zhe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $W$ boson mass recently reported by the CDF collaboration shows a deviation from the standard model prediction with an excess at $7σ$ level. We investigate two simple extensions of the standard model with an extra $U(1)$ dark sector. One is the $U(1)_x$ extension, where the $U(1)_x$ gauge field mixes with the standard model through gauge kinetic terms. The other is a general $U(1)_{\mathbf{A} Y+\mathbf{B} q}$ extension of the standard model. Fitting various experimental constraints we find the $U(1)_x$ extension with only kinetic mixing can enhance the $W$ boson mass for at most 10~MeV. While the $U(1)_{\mathbf{A} Y+\mathbf{B} q}$ extension can easily generate 77~MeV enhancement of the $W$ boson mass and also offer a viable dark matter candidate with mass ranging from several hundred GeV to TeV, which may be detected by future dark matter direct detection experiments with improved sensitivities.
description: 20 pages, 5 figures
Analysis on singular spaces: Lie manifolds and operator algebras
Creators: name: Nistor, Victor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 58J40 (primary) 58H05, 46L80, 46L87, 47L80

description: We discuss and develop some connections between analysis on singular spaces and operator algebras, as presented in my sequence of four lectures at the conference "Noncommutative geometry and applications," Frascati, Italy, June 16-21, 2014. Therefore this paper is mostly a survey paper, but the presentation is new, and there are included some new results as well. In particular, Sections 3 and 4 provide a complete short introduction to analysis on noncompact manifolds that is geared towards a class of manifolds--called "Lie manifolds"--that often appears in practice. Our interest in Lie manifolds is due to the fact that they provide the link between analysis on singular spaces and operator algebras. The groupoids integrating Lie manifolds play an important background role in establishing this link because they provide operator algebras whose structure is often well understood. The initial motivation for the work surveyed here--work that spans over close to two decades--was to develop the index theory of stratified singular spaces. Meanwhile, several other applications have emerged as well, including applications to Partial Differential Equations and Numerical Methods. These will be mentioned only briefly, however, due to the lack of space. Instead, we shall concentrate on the applications to Index theory.
description: 43 pages, based on my four lectures at the conference "Noncommutative geometry and applications," Frascati, Italy, June 16-21, 2014
The health and nutritional status of Victorian aboriginal children
Creators: name: Dobbin., Malcolm D.H.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
title: Application of Large Language Models (LLMs) in Software Engineering: Overblown Hype or Disruptive Change?
Creators: name: Ozkaya , Ipek
name: Carleton, Anita
name: Robert, John
name: Schmidt, Douglas C.
Publisher: name: Software Engineering Institute, Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2023

description: This blog post from the Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute focuses on opportunities and cautions for LLMs in software development, the implications of incorporating LLMs into software-reliant systems, and the areas where more research and innovations are needed to advance their use in software engineering.
Solar system relativity tests, formulas for light deflection by a central mass, and modification of the lens equation, for a Weyl scaling invariant dark energy
Creators: name: Adler, Stephen L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We estimate the changes in solar system tests of general relativity when "dark energy" arises from a Weyl scaling invariant action, using the modified Schwarzschild-like spherically symmetric solution obtained in this case by Adler and Ramazano\vglu. We show that the standard results of general relativity are modified by amounts that are far below current experimental errors. However, because the metric is not conformally flat when the central mass $M$ vanishes, there is a contribution to light deflection proportional to the cosmological constant $Λ$, with opposite sign to the one proportional to $M$. This could have implications for gravitational lensing in cosmological contexts, so we have calculated the corresponding correction to the "lens equation" for gravitational lensing. We also give formulas for the light deflection angle through order $ΛM$, assuming a parameterized spherically symmetric metric for the external region of the central mass.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure
Classical results for alternating virtual links
Creators: name: Boden, Hans U.
name: Karimi, Homayun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10, 57K12

description: We extend some classical results of Bankwitz, Crowell, and Murasugi to the setting of virtual links. For instance, we show that an alternating virtual link is split if and only if it is visibly split, and that the Alexander polynomial of any almost classical alternating virtual link is alternating. The first result is a consequence of an inequality relating the link determinant and crossing number for any non-split alternating virtual link. The second is a consequence of the matrix-tree theorem of Bott and Mayberry. We extend the first result to semi-alternating virtual links. We discuss the Tait conjectures for virtual and welded links and note that Tait's second conjecture is not true for alternating welded links.
description: Major revision. 24 pages, 17 figures
Acoustofluidic Technologies for Single Cell Analysis
Creators: name: RICHARD, CYNTHIA
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 401210
subject: Microfluidics and nanofluidics
classificationCode: 510301
subject: Acoustics and acoustical devices; waves

description: Microfluidic and lab-on-a-chip technologies allow precise manipulation of small fluid volumes and cells, a need in many biomedical applications. Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) offer a non-contact, biocompatible method for on-chip cell control. This research integrates SAW devices with light-sheet fluorescent microscopy (LSFM) for high-resolution 3D imaging of single cells. The developed acousto-optofluidic device enables controlled imaging of white blood cells ingesting bacteria in a semi-automated manner. This dissertation demonstrates the potential of SAW devices for single cell control and their compatibility with LSFM, opening new avenues for on-chip manipulation and cell analysis in diverse research fields.
title: Software as a Service und Datenschutz
title: Die Erfahrungen der UB Mannheim bei der Einführung von Alma
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Francken-Welz, Marion Von
name: Hänger, Christian
Publisher: name: Technische Universität Dortmund
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Bibliotheksinformationssystem
subject: Cloud Computing
subject: Datenschutz
subject: 000
subject: Bibliotheksinformationssystem
subject: Cloud Computing
subject: Datenschutz

description: Die UB Mannheim geht als erste deutsche Universitätsbibliothek mit der Bibliothekssoftware Alma live, die von Ex Libris als Software as a Service konzipiert wurde. Diese Betriebsform bringt eine Reihe von datenschutzrechtlichen Herausforderungen mit sich, die die UB Mannheim erfolgreich gelöst hat. Die Universität Mannheim wurde von ZENDAS beraten, die für die Baden-Württembergischen Universitäten als behördlicher Datenschützer fungiert. In dem Vortrag werden die Problemfelder und die entsprechenden Lösungen präsentiert.
Co-morbid depression and alcoholism : neuropharmacological studies of novel therapeutic strategies
Creators: name: Djouma., Elvan
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Graviton Note.docx
Creators: name: Frost, Randall S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 519999
subject: Other physical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: We recalculate the mass of the graviton and use it to resolve minor discrepancies in Generation of Coupled Monopoles and Gravity Waves in the Sun, https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.23929527.v1
Optical disassembly of cellular clusters by tunable tug-of-war tweezers
Creators: name: Bezryadina, Anna
name: Preece, Daryl
name: Chen, Joseph C.
name: Chen, Zhigang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bacterial biofilms underlie many persistent infections, posing major hurdles in antibiotic treatment. Here, we design and demonstrate tug-of-war optical tweezers that can facilitate assessment of cell-cell adhesion - a key contributing factor to biofilm development, thanks to the combined actions of optical scattering and gradient forces. With a customized optical landscape distinct from that of conventional tweezers, not only can such tug-of-war tweezers stably trap and stretch a rod-shaped bacterium in the observing plane, but, more importantly, they can also impose a tunable lateral force that pulls apart cellular clusters without any tethering or mechanical movement. As a proof of principle, we examined a Sinorhizobium meliloti strain that forms robust biofilms and found that the strength of intercellular adhesion depends on the growth medium. This technique may herald new photonic tools for optical manipulation and biofilm study, as well as other biological applications.
description: Light: Science & Applications (2016) 5, e16158
On the Superiority of the $|V_{cb}|-γ$ Plots over the Unitarity Triangle Plots in the 2020s
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The UT plots played already for three decades an important role in the tests of the SM and the determination of the CKM parameters. As of 2022, among the four CKM parameters, $V_{us}$ and $β$ are already measured with respectable precision, while this is not the case of $|V_{cb}|$ and $γ$. In the case of $|V_{cb}|$ the main obstacle are the significant tensions between its inclusive and exclusive determinations from tree-level decays. The present uncertainty in $γ$ of $4^\circ$ from tree-level decays will be reduced to $1^\circ$ by the LHCb and Belle II collaborations in the coming years. Unfortunately in the UT plots $|V_{cb}|$ is not seen and the experimental improvements in the determination of $γ$ from tree-level decays at the level of a few degrees are difficult to appreciate. In view of these deficiencies of the UT plots with respect to $|V_{cb}|$ and $γ$ and the central role these two CKM parameters will play in this decade, the recently proposed plots of $|V_{cb}|$ versus $γ$ extracted from various processes appear to be superior to the UT plots in the flavour phenomenology. We illustrate this idea with $ΔM_s$, $ΔM_d$, $ε_K$ and with rare decays $B_s\toμ^+μ^-$, $B_d\toμ^+μ^-$, $K^+\to π^+ν\barν$ and $K_L\toπ^0ν\barν$. The power of $ε_K$, $K^+\toπ^+ν\barν)$ and $K_{L}\toπ^0ν\barν)$ in the determination of $|V_{cb}|$, due to their strong dependence on $|V_{cb}|$, is transparently exhibited in this manner. Combined with future reduced errors on $γ$ and $|V_{cb}|$ from tree-level decays such plots can better exhibit possible inconsistenices between various determinations of these two parameters, caused by new physics, than it is possible with the UT plots.
description: 14 pages, 3 Figures. V4: Fig. 4 and equation (35) modified because of new CDF data on Bs-> mumu. Equation (29) added. Conclusions unchanged
The comorbidity of severe obesity and changes associated with weight loss
Creators: name: Dixon., John Bernard
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
The annular decay property and capacity estimates for thin annuli
Creators: name: Björn, Anders
name: Björn, Jana
name: Lehrbäck, Juha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31E05 (Primary) 30L99, 31C15, 31C45 (Secondary)

description: We obtain upper and lower bounds for the nonlinear variational capacity of thin annuli in weighted $\mathbf{R}^n$ and in metric spaces, primarily under the assumptions of an annular decay property and a Poincaré inequality. In particular, if the measure has the $1$-annular decay property at $x_0$ and the metric space supports a pointwise $1$-Poincaré inequality at $x_0$, then the upper and lower bounds are comparable and we get a two-sided estimate for thin annuli centred at $x_0$, which generalizes the known estimate for the usual variational capacity in unweighted $\mathbf{R}^n$. Most of our estimates are sharp, which we show by supplying several key counterexamples. We also characterize the $1$-annular decay property.
description: 20 pages
ParkPredict+: Multimodal Intent and Motion Prediction for Vehicles in Parking Lots with CNN and Transformer
Creators: name: Shen, Xu
name: Lacayo, Matthew
name: Guggilla, Nidhir
name: Borrelli, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The problem of multimodal intent and trajectory prediction for human-driven vehicles in parking lots is addressed in this paper. Using models designed with CNN and Transformer networks, we extract temporal-spatial and contextual information from trajectory history and local bird's eye view (BEV) semantic images, and generate predictions about intent distribution and future trajectory sequences. Our methods outperform existing models in accuracy, while allowing an arbitrary number of modes, encoding complex multi-agent scenarios, and adapting to different parking maps. To train and evaluate our method, we present the first public 4K video dataset of human driving in parking lots with accurate annotation, high frame rate, and rich traffic scenarios.
description: Published at IEEE ITSC 2022
Ascertaining reasons for differential competition ratios among doctors-in-training for deaneries across the UK: A survey
Creators: name: Tanvi Mungale
name: Galsinh, Aman Singh
name: Moleron, Rafael
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2023

description: As reported by UKFPO, the competition ratios at each level of training vary significantly across the country. While previous literature explores speciality-specific issues, little examines the reasons underlying increased competition in particular institutions. Post basic medical qualifications, we hypothesise that several factors contribute to the increased competition for training at specific institutions. A comprehensive analysis identifying these factors allows for further interventions to be developed. These will help promote improved overall trainee outcomes. We conduct a nationwide survey to canvas the potential contributing factors that affect doctors' decision to choose a specific location (deanery). Our survey looked at various aspects within quality-of-life and career progression parameters. We received 337 responses (including medical students, foundation year doctors, core trainees and speciality trainees). The results from our survey suggest that overall, quality-of-life parameters are rated significantly more than career progression parameters. Surprisingly, the scores for research opportunities and the quality-of-teaching were particularly low. This suggests that the academic, teaching and management role requirements that form the basis of many clinical portfolios are out-of-touch with reality. Future work should aim to modify portfolio requirements, such that they are in line with the realities on the ground of working as a doctor. Further interventions should also be designed to support trainees irrespective of their location within the country. This would not only improve job satisfaction and morale in the workforce, but also provide improved patient outcomes.
title: Unstable Periodic Orbits: a language to interpret the complexity of chaotic systems
Creators: name: Maiocchi, Chiara Cecilia
Publisher: name: University of Reading
Year: 2023

description: Unstable periodic orbits (UPOs), exact periodic solutions of the evolution equation, offer a very powerful framework for studying chaotic dynamical systems, as they allow one to dissect their dynamical structure. UPOs can be considered the skeleton of chaotic dynamics, its essential building blocks. In fact, it is possible to prove that in a chaotic system, UPOs are dense in the attractor, meaning that it is always possible to find a UPO arbitrarily near any chaotic trajectory. We can thus think of the chaotic trajectory as being approximated by different UPOs as it evolves in time, jumping from one UPO to another as a result of their instability. In this thesis we provide a contribution towards the use of UPOs as a tool to understand and distill the dynamical structure of chaotic dynamical systems. We will focus on two models, characterised by different properties, the Lorenz-63 and Lorenz-96 model. The process of approximation of a chaotic trajectory in terms of UPOs will play a central role in our investigation. In fact, we will use this tool to explore the properties of the attractor of the system under the lens of its UPOs. In the first part of the thesis we consider the Lorenz-63 model with the classic parameters’ value. We investigate how a chaotic trajectory can be approximated using a complete set of UPOs up to symbolic dynamics’ period 14. At each instant in time, we rank the UPOs according to their proximity to the position of the orbit in the phase space. We study this process from two different perspectives. First, we find that longer period UPOs overwhelmingly provide the best local approximation to the trajectory. Second, we construct a finite-state Markov chain by studying the scattering of the trajectory between the neighbourhood of the various UPOs. Each UPO and its neighbourhood are taken as a possible state of the system. Through the analysis of the subdominant eigenvectors of the corresponding stochastic matrix we provide a different interpretation of the mixing processes occurring in the system by taking advantage of the concept of quasi-invariant sets. In the second part of the thesis we provide an extensive numerical investigation of the variability of the dynamical properties across the attractor of the much studied Lorenz ’96 dynamical system. By combining the Lyapunov analysis of the tangent space with the study of the shadowing of the chaotic trajectory performed by a very large set of unstable periodic orbits, we show that the observed variability in the number of unstable dimensions, which shows a serious breakdown of hyperbolicity, is associated with the presence of a substantial number of finite-time Lyapunov exponents that fluctuate about zero also when very long averaging times are considered.
Engineering Majorana corner modes from two-dimensional hexagonal crystals
Creators: name: Luo, Ma
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Second order topological insulator can be engineered from two-dimensional materials with strong spin-orbit coupling and in-plane Zeeman field. In proximity to superconductor, topological superconducting phase could be induced in the two-dimensional materials, which host Majorana corner modes at the intersection between two zigzag edges. Two types of tight binding models in hexagonal lattice, which include $p_{z}$ or $p_{x,y}$ orbit(s) in each lattice site, are applied to engineer two-dimensional materials in topological superconducting phase. In both models, the condition that induces the second order topological superconductor requires nonuniform value of either in-plane Zeeman fields or superconductor pairing parameters in two sublattices. The finite size effect of the second model is weaker than that of the first model.
description: 5 figures
Design of the SABAT system for underwater detection of dangerous substances
Creators: name: Silarski, M.
name: Hunik, D.
name: Smolis, M.
name: Tadeja, S.
name: Moskal, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present status of simulations used to design a novel device for the detection of hazardous substances in the aquatic environment using neutron activation. Unlike the other considered methods based on this technique we propose to use guides for neutron and gamma quanta which speeds up and simplifies identification. First preliminary results show that both the neutron guide and the $γ$ ray guide increase the performance of underwater threats detection.
description: Presented at the Jagiellonian Symposium of Fundamental and Applied Subatomic Physics, Krak{\o}w, 11.06.2015
title: Применение новой комплексной кормовой добавки для профилактики смешанных микотоксикозов у лактирующих коров
Creators: name: Мирошниченко, Петр Васильевич
name: Данильченко, Олеся Богдановна
name: Лазарев, Сергей Эдуардович
name: Пруцаков, Сергей Владимирович
name: Панфилкина, Елена Викторовна
Publisher: name: ФГБНУ КНЦЗВ
Year: 2022

description: Очень часто полезная микробиота рубца коровы может нарушаться микотоксинами, что приводит к снижению продуктивности, показателей удоев, увеличению случаев мастита. Авторы статьи разработали и предложили в производство новую комплексную кормовую добавку для сельскохозяйственных животных. В статье описаны результаты исследований этой кормовой добавки в сравнении с другими применяемыми в хозяйствах адсорбентами на лактирующих коровах. Применение новой комплексной кормовой добавки благотворно вли-яет на удои лактирующих коров, а также биохимические показатели крови подопытных жи-вотных. У животных, получавших комплексную кормовую добавку, были отмечены: норма-лизация общего белка; снижение уровня мочевины; снижение ферментной активности ас-партатаминотрансферазы и аланинаминотрансферазы; повышение количества каротина; нормализация концентрации триглециридов.