cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Paradisaea Linnaeus, 1758, gen. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paradisaeidae
Paradisaea

description: Paradisaea [gen. nov.]
Rostrum basi plumis tomentosis tectum.
Pennae hypochondriorum longiores.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 110, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Thermal rectification and heat amplification in a nonequilibrium V-type three-level system
Creators: name: Wang, Chen
name: Xu, Dazhi
name: Liu, Huan
name: Gao, Xianlong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Thermal rectification and heat amplification are investigated in a nonequilibrium V-type three-level system with quantum interference. By applying the Redfield master equation combined with full counting statistics, we analyze the steady state heat transport. The noise-induced interference is found to be able to rectify the heat current, which paves a new way to design quantum thermal rectifier. Within the three-reservoir setup, the heat amplification is clearly identified far-from equilibrium, which is in absence of the negative differential thermal conductance.
description: 14pages,6figures
Elucidating protein/small-molecule interactions through direct and indirect mass spectrometry approaches
Creators: name: Chavas, Thomas Edmond Joseph
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: The elucidation of protein/small-molecule (SM) interactions continues to garner considerable interest from the research community, not least because of its potential downstream applications in the development of new drugs. In recent years, liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) has emerged as an extremely powerful tool to study proteomes and, combined with activity-based protein profiling (ABPP), should enable the study of protein/SM interactions in a native environment. However, it appears that the majority of studies in the field fail to report unambiguous MS/MS characterisation of SM/peptide adducts. We argue that this is due to the fact that the current tools for data analysis do not accommodate for the non-canonical behaviour of such adducts during sample processing and MS/MS analysis. In the first part of this work, we develop an indirect strategy based on stable-isotope labelling to study the interactions of G9a with a photoaffinity probe. The inconsistent results obtained were initially thought to be due to poor affinity of the probe for its target protein. Thus, a second photoaffinity probe bearing a diazirine photocrosslinker derived from biotin was designed and synthesised, with the aim of resolving its interaction with avidin. Unfortunately, the study of this model system was not successful; this is most likely due to the poor photocrosslinking yields of the diazirine moiety. The second part of this work was focused on the use of an in-house algorithm to facilitate the MS/MS characterisation of SM/peptide adducts using unconstrained sequencing. This allowed us to identify several sites of interaction between a published sulfonyl fluoride activity-based probe (ABP) and its target proteins. In the process, we uncovered that the probe undergoes chemical displacement and/or hydrolysis from the protein's active site during sample processing. Isotopic labelling strategies allowed us to propose a mechanism for the hydrolysis of the adduct involving neighbouring-group participation. Finally, the ABP’s lability was leveraged to specifically label the active site and facilitate its MS identification.
Linear Cyclic Snakes as Super Vertex Mean Graphs
Creators: name: A. Lourdusamy
name: George, Sherry
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10104 Combinatorics and Discrete Mathematics (excl. Physical Combinatorics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Our attempt in this paper is to show that all the linear cyclic snakes, including kC4, are also super vertex mean graphs, even though C4 is not an SVM graph. We also define the term Super Vertex Mean number of graphs.
Evolution of Primordial Protostellar Clouds --- Quasi-Static Analysis ---
Creators: name: Omukai, Kazuyuki
name: Nishi, Ryoichi
name: Uehara, Hideya
name: Susa, Hajime
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The contraction processes of metal-free molecular clouds of starlike mass (or cloud cores) are investigated. We calculate radiative transfer of the H_2 lines and examine quasi-static contraction with radiative cooling. Comparing two time-scales, the free-fall time t_ff and the time-scale of quasi-static contraction t_qsc (nearly equal to t_cool, the cooling time) of these cores, we find that the ratio of the two time-scales t_ff/t_qsc, i.e., the efficiency of cooling, becomes larger with contraction even under the existence of cold and opaque envelopes. In particular, for fragments of primordial filamentary clouds, for which t_ff is nearly equal to t_qsc at the fragmentation epoch, they collapse dynamically in the free-fall time-scale. This efficiency of cooling is unique to line cooling.
description: 13 pages, 8 Postscript figures, uses ptptex
Additional file 3 of Recommendations to plan a national burden of disease study
Creators: name: Haneef, Romana
name: Schmidt, Jürgen
name: Gallay, Anne
name: Devleesschauwer, Brecht
name: Grant, Ian
name: Rommel, Alexander
name: Wyper, Grant MA
name: Van Oyen, Herman
name: Hilderink, Henk
name: Ziese, Thomas
name: Newton, John
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 3. It describes the study results comparing the country health profiles and national health statistics and inputs from different countries.
NSF Proposal> Racial Equity> EnvironmentalJusticeMatters> The Science Literacy Course
Creators: name: Moses, Kevin
name: Sherrish Holloman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Teaching
Health_Disparities
Pollution_Gradients
Environmental_Science
Environmental_Justice

description: The one-pager concept for our NSF proposal is Fischer, Holloman, Moses ‘NSF Racial Equity> Next Generation Environmental Justice.’ Feb. 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6450319. ... A work in progress, The proposal includes three parts, here we are publishing a draft of the science literacy part. We purchased UnthinkableIdeas.org (under construction) as a platform for hosting our Science Literacy course, We purchased EnvironmentalJusticeMatters.org (under construction) as a platform for hosting our NSF proposal, Notes: - The concept page - still in progress - will be sent to Racial Equity in STEM Education (EHR Racial Equity)" via ehrracialequitypd@nsf.gov. … “The Racial Equity in STEM Education program is accepting optional one-page concept papers for the October 10, 2023 competition from March 14 to August 29, 2023.” See, https://beta.nsf.gov/funding/opportunities/racial-equity-stem-education-ehr-racial-equity-0/announcements/95163
 - Deadline date is the 10th of October 2023 for the Full Proposal, Working on it, -
The Distance to IC 10 from Near-Infrared Observations of Cepheids
Creators: name: Wilson, C. D.
name: Welch, D. L.
name: Reid, I. N.
name: Saha, A.
name: Hoessel, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have measured the distance to the Local Group dwarf irregular galaxy IC 10 from near-infrared $JHK$ observations of Cepheids. The reddening-corrected distance modulus is $24.57\pm0.21$ mag or $0.82\pm 0.08$ Mpc. This distance lies at the short end of the range of previous estimates, and is significantly more accurate than all prior determinations. At this distance, IC 10 is comparable in total mass to the Small Magellanic Cloud, but has much more vigorous star formation.
description: 16 PostScript pages including 2 figures and 3 table, uuencoded compressed. Also available at http://www.physics.mcmaster.ca/Wilson_Preprints/IC10.html
Theory for the density of interacting quasi-localised modes in amorphous solids
Creators: name: Ji, Wencheng
name: Popović, Marko
name: de Geus, Tom W. J.
name: Lerner, Edan
name: Wyart, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quasi-localised modes appear in the vibrational spectrum of amorphous solids at low-frequency. Though never formalised, these modes are believed to have a close relationship with other important local excitations, including shear transformations and two-level systems. We provide a theory for their frequency density, $D_{L}(ω)\simω^α$, that establishes this link for systems at zero temperature under quasi-static loading. It predicts two regimes depending on the density of shear transformations $P(x)\sim x^θ$ (with $x$ the additional stress needed to trigger a shear transformation). If $θ>1/4$, $α=4$ and a finite fraction of quasi-localised modes form shear transformations, whose amplitudes vanish at low frequencies. If $θ<1/4$, $α=3+ 4 θ$ and all quasi-localised modes form shear transformations with a finite amplitude at vanishing frequencies. We confirm our predictions numerically.
Evidence for Antipodal Hot Spots During X-ray Bursts From 4U 1636-536
Creators: name: Miller, M. Coleman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of high-frequency brightness oscillations in thermonuclear X-ray bursts from several neutron-star low-mass X-ray binaries has important implications for the beat frequency model of kilohertz quasi-periodic brightness oscillations, the propagation of nuclear burning, the structure of the subsurface magnetic fields in neutron stars, and the equation of state of high-density matter. These implications depend crucially on whether the observed frequency is the stellar spin frequency or its first overtone. Here we report an analysis of five bursts from 4U 1636-536 which exhibit strong oscillations at approximately 580 Hz. We show that combining the data from the first 0.75 seconds of each of the five bursts yields a signal at 290 Hz that is significant at the $4\times 10^{-5}$ level when the number of trials is taken into account. This strongly indicates that 290 Hz is the spin frequency of this neutron star and that 580 Hz is its first overtone, in agreement with other arguments about this source but in contrast to suggestions in the literature that 580 Hz is the true spin frequency. The method used here, which is an algorithm for combining time series data from the five bursts so that the phases of the 580 Hz oscillations are aligned, may be used in any source to search for weak oscillations that have frequencies related in a definite way to the frequency of a strong oscillation.
description: 9 pages including one figure, uses aaspp4.sty, submitted to The Astrophysical Journal Letters on September 18
Leveling Up Together: Fostering Positive Growth and Safe Online Spaces for Teen Roblox Developers
Creators: name: Choi, Yubin
name: Choi, Jeanne
name: Seering, Joseph
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Creating games together is both a playful and effective way to develop skills in computational thinking, collaboration, and more. However, game development can be challenging for younger developers who lack formal training. While teenage developers frequently turn to online communities for peer support, their experiences may vary. To better understand the benefits and challenges teens face within online developer communities, we conducted interviews with 18 teenagers who created games or elements in Roblox and received peer support from one or more online Roblox developer communities. Our findings show that developer communities provide teens with valuable resources for technical, social, and career growth. However, teenagers also struggle with inter-user conflicts and a lack of community structure, leading to difficulties in handling complex issues that may arise, such as financial scams. Based on these insights, we propose takeaways for creating positive and safe online spaces for teenage game creators.
description: 18 page, 4 figures, conference
title: ADCO, Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 004
Creators: name: de la Côte d'Or, Archives départementales
name: Petot, Frédéric
name: Archives Départementales De La Côte-D'Or
name: Petot, Frédérique
name: Projet CBMA
name: CG21/F.PETOT/2010
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris
subject: cartulaire
subject: Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi
subject: Chartes de la Bourgogne du Moyen Âge
subject: LaMOP

description: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 004, Numérisation en mode image.
description: Relation: http://www.cbma-project.eu/
description: Bibliographic citation: Cartulaire de l'abbaye de Cîteaux dit Cartulare Antiquum t.2 (2e moitié XIIIe siècle), Archives départementales de la Côte-d'Or, Cart. 167 (11 H 67), f. 004, in Projet CBMA - Corpus Burgundiae Medii Aevi [Ressource en ligne], https:// manuscrits.cbma-project.eu/
description: Provenance: https://www.geonames.org/3024876
description: Provenance: http://www.idref.fr/030974844/id
description: Provenance: https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12228351v
description: Provenance: abbaye de Cîteaux
description: Provenance: http://www.wikidata.org/entity/Q843261
title: Paratexte (3)_La Photographie d'amateur simplifiée
Creators: name: AmateurS
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Paratexte
description: ID_PARA_00775
Analytic continuation via domain-knowledge free machine learning
Creators: name: Yoon, Hongkee
name: Sim, Jae-Hoon
name: Han, Myung Joon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a machine-learning approach to a long-standing issue in quantum many-body physics, namely, analytic continuation. This notorious ill-conditioned problem of obtaining spectral function from imaginary time Green's function has been a focus of new method developments for past decades. Here we demonstrate the usefulness of modern machine-learning techniques including convolutional neural networks and the variants of stochastic gradient descent optimiser. Machine-learning continuation kernel is successfully realized without any 'domain-knowledge', which means that any physical 'prior' is not utilized in the kernel construction and the neural networks 'learn' the knowledge solely from 'training'. The outstanding performance is achieved for both insulating and metallic band structure. Our machine-learning-based approach not only provides the more accurate spectrum than the conventional methods in terms of peak positions and heights, but is also more robust against the noise which is the required key feature for any continuation technique to be successful. Furthermore, its computation speed is 10$^4$-10$^5$ times faster than maximum entropy method.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Functional determinants of spectrotemporal selectivity in mouse auditory cortex
Creators: name: Chapuis, Gaëlle
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2018

description: When we interact with our surroundings, our brain must generate a representation of the world that we can interpret and act upon. How such a representation emerges, and how can it best support behavioural needs have been open questions in the field of neuroscience for decades. Throughout the years, theories on sensory processing have often been challenged, owing to new discoveries, which better captured the brain’s complex organisation. The mammalian brain possesses a substantial diversity of molecules, cells, and connections, which may serve distinct roles in shaping sensory representation. Such heterogeneity presents a challenge when aiming to study the underlying basis of neural circuit computation and behaviour. Recent technologies have facilitated the functional dissection of brain circuits by enabling us to record and manipulate the activity of distinct cell types based on molecular signatures or anatomical projections. Taking advantage of these technologies, I aimed to decipher the functional determinants of a neuron’s selectivity to sound features in the mouse primary auditory cortex (AC), a region of the brain believed to be important for sound perception. Specifically, I studied the principles underlying neural encoding and perception of frequency modulation (FM), an important characteristic of natural sounds such as vocal calls. Using electrophysiological, behavioural and pharmacogenetic techniques in mice, I showed that PV-expressing (PV+) interneurons in AC do not mediate the perception nor the encoding of slow FM direction. Upon the reduction of PV+ interneurons activity in vivo, AC cells remained selective to the direction of FM sounds. Also, mice were able to accurately discriminate the direction of slow FM sounds even when cortical inhibition was reduced. It is proposed that instead, the organisation of ON and OFF receptive fields contributes towards slow FM direction selectivity in cortex. Furthermore, I investigated how sensory processing may adapt to support behavioural needs in scenarios where only a subset of sensory inputs is relevant. By recording in the auditory cortex and thalamus of mice performing auditory tasks, I was able to show that neural responses to sounds adapted according to behavioural demand. Such enhancement in sensory processing appeared as early as in the thalamus, suggesting that this region might be the prime anatomical locus of ‘top-down’ executive control. Nonetheless, AC neurons displayed complex responses during behaviour, which were highly informative on the animal’s behavioural responses. This suggests that the AC encodes high-level aspects of the task alongside representing stimulus features. As the mouse shares a remarkable genetic resemblance and aspects of behaviour with humans, these studies may shed light on auditory processing properties relevant to our species, thereby fostering further translational research between mice and men.
The MHD Kelvin-Helmholtz Instability: A Two-Dimensional Numerical Study
Creators: name: Frank, Adam
name: Jones, T. W.
name: Ryu, Dongsu
name: Gaalaas, Joseph B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a new numerical code we have carried out two-dimensional simulations of the nonlinear evolution of unstable sheared magnetohydrodynamic flows. We considered two cases: a strong magnetic field (Alfven Mach number, M_a = 2.5) and a weak field (M_a =5). Each flow rapidly evolves until it reaches a nearly steady condition, which is fundamentally different from the analogous gasdynamic state. Both MHD flows relax to a stable, laminar flow on timescales less than or of the order of 15 linear growth times, measured from saturation of the instability. That timescale is several orders of magnitude less than the nominal dissipation time for these simulated flows, so this condition represents an quasi-steady relaxed state. The strong magnetic field case reaches saturation as magnetic tension in the displaced flow boundary becomes sufficient to stabilize it. That flow then relaxes in a straightforward way to the steady, laminar flow condition. The weak magnetic field case, on the other hand, begins development of the vortex expected for gasdynamics, but that vortex is destroyed by magnetic stresses that locally become strong. Magnetic topologies lead to reconnection and dynamical alignment between magnetic and velocity fields. Together these processes produce a sequence of intermittent vortices and subsequent relaxation to a nearly laminar flow condition in which the magnetic cross helicity is nearly maximized. Remaining irregularities consist of a pair of flux tubes straddling the shear layer. Fluctuations within those features are closely aligned, representing Alfvén waves propagating locally downstream.
description: 27 pages, aasms.sty macro included. 10 postscipt figures, table and complete postscript file for paper available in gzipped tar file at ftp://s1.msi.umn.edu/pub/afrank/mhdkh/mhd2d.tar.gz Mpeg simulations can viewed at http://www.msi.umn.edu/Projects/twj/mhd.html
NSF Proposal> Racial Equity> EnvironmentalJusticeMatters> The Science Literacy Course
Creators: name: Moses, Kevin
name: Sherrish Holloman
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Teaching
Health_Disparities
Pollution_Gradients
Environmental_Science
Environmental_Justice

description: The one-pager concept for our NSF proposal is Fischer, Holloman, Moses ‘NSF Racial Equity> Next Generation Environmental Justice.’ is under construction and will be placed here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6450319 ... A work in progress, The proposal includes three parts, here we will publish a draft of the science literacy part, the course. We purchased UnthinkableIdeas.org (under construction) as a platform for hosting our Science Literacy course, We purchased EnvironmentalJusticeMatters.org (under construction) as a platform for hosting our NSF proposal, Notes: - The concept page - in progress - will be sent to Racial Equity in STEM Education (EHR Racial Equity)" via ehrracialequitypd@nsf.gov. … “The Racial Equity in STEM Education program is accepting optional one-page concept papers for the October 10, 2023 competition from March 14 to August 29, 2023.” See, https://beta.nsf.gov/funding/opportunities/racial-equity-stem-education-ehr-racial-equity-0/announcements/95163
 - Deadline date is the 10th of October 2023 for the Full Proposal, Working on it, -
Gauge enhancement of super M-branes via parametrized stable homotopy theory
Creators: name: Braunack-Mayer, Vincent
name: Sati, Hisham
name: Schreiber, Urs
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Algebraic Topology (math.AT)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A key open problem in M-theory is the mechanism of "gauge enhancement", which supposedly makes M-branes exhibit the nonabelian gauge degrees of freedom that are seen perturbatively in the limit of 10d string theory. In fact, since only the twisted K-theory classes represented by nonabelian Chan-Paton gauge fields on D-branes have invariant meaning, the problem is really the lift to M-theory of the twisted K-theory classification of D-brane charges. Here we show how this problem has a solution by universal constructions in super homotopy theory, at least rationally. We recall how double dimensional reduction of super M-brane charges is described by the cyclification adjunction applied to the 4-sphere, and how M-theory degrees of freedom hidden at ADE-singularities are induced by the suspended Hopf action on the 4-sphere. Combining these, we demonstrate, at the level of rational homotopy theory, that gauge enhancement in M-theory is exhibited by lifting against the fiberwise stabilization of the unit of this cyclification adjunction on the A-type orbispace of the 4-sphere. This explains how the fundamental D6 and D8 brane cocycles can be lifted from twisted K-theory to a cohomology theory for M-brane charge, at least rationally.
description: 57 pages, various figures, v2: minor corrections, v3: published version
Minimum Equitable Dominating Randic Energy of a Graph
Creators: name: Rajendra, P.
name: R. Rangarajan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10104 Combinatorics and Discrete Mathematics (excl. Physical Combinatorics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Minimum equitable dominating Randic energy of a graph REED(G) of some graphs are worked out and bounds on REED(G) are obtained.
Paradisaea apoda Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Linnaeus, Carolus
Publisher: name: Laurentius Salvius
Year: 1758
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Passeriformes
Paradisaeidae
Paradisaea
Paradisaea apoda

description: Paradisaea apoda [spec. nov.]
P. pennis hypochondriis corpore longioribus, rectricibus intermediis longis setaceis.
Paradisea lutea, cauda pectore abdomineque brunneis, gula azurea. It. Wgoth. 139. Mus. Ad. Fr. 1. p. 15.
Paradisea avis. Clus. exot. 360. t. 360. Olear. mus. 24. t. 13. f. 1. Seb. mus. 1. p. 24. t. 13. f. 1. Hern. mex. 317. t. 318. Worm. mus. 294. f. 294. Bradl. nat. t. 12. f. 1. 2.
Manucodiata major. Edw. av. 110. t. 110. Marcgr. bras. 201. Raj. av. 21. n. 7.
Habitat in India; gregaria.
Cirrhi 2 caudae apice attenuati, nudi, recti.
Apodam perperam dixere veteres; victitat Papilionibus maximis.
description: Published as part of Linnaeus, Carolus, 1758, Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis, Stockholm :Laurentius Salvius on page 110, DOI: 10.5962/bhl.title.542, http://zenodo.org/record/3922206
Ion Signatures in Supernova Spectra
Creators: name: Hatano, K.
name: Branch, D.
name: Fisher, A.
name: Deaton, J.
name: Baron, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A systematic survey of ions that could be responsible for features in the optical spectra of supernovae is carried out. Six different compositions that could be encountered in supernovae are considered. For each composition, the LTE optical depth of one of the strongest optical lines of each ion is plotted against temperature. For each ion that can realistically be considered as a candidate to produce identifiable features in supernova spectra, a sample synthetic spectrum is displayed. The optical depth plots and the synthetic spectra can provide guidance to studies of line identifications in the optical spectra of all types of supernovae during their photospheric phases.
description: Accepted for a publication in the Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. Figures and electronic versions of figures 10 may be obtained at: http: //www.nhn.ou.edu/~baron/papers.html
Photospheric Emission From Variable Engine Gamma Ray Burst Simulations
Creators: name: Parsotan, Tyler
name: Lopez-Camara, Diego
name: Lazzati, Davide
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By coupling radiation transfer calculations to hydrodynamic simulations, there have been major advancements in understanding the long Gamma Ray Burst (LGRB) prompt emission. Building upon these achievements, we present an analysis of photospheric emission acquired by using the Monte Carlo Radiation Transfer (MCRaT) code on hydrodynamic simulations with variable jet profiles. MCRaT propagates and Compton scatters individual photons that have been injected into the collimated outflow in order to produce synthetic light curves and spectra. These light curves and spectra allow us to compare our results to LGRB observational data. We find excellent agreement between our fitted time resolved $β$ parameters and those that are observed. Additionally, our simulations show that photospheric emission, under certain conditions, is able to create the observationally expected Band $α$ parameter. Finally, we show that the simulations are consistent with the Golenetskii correlation but exhibit some strain with the Amati and Yonetoku correlations.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures, this version is the final accepted manuscript to appear in ApJ
On Free Numerical Semigroups and the Construction of Minimal Telescopic Sequences
Creators: name: Shor, Caleb M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20M14 (11B75)

description: A free numerical semigroup is a submonoid of the non-negative integers with finite complement that is additively generated by the terms in a telescopic sequence with gcd 1. However, such a sequence need not be minimal, which is to say that some proper subsequence may generate the same numerical semigroup, and that subsequence need not be telescopic. In this paper, we will see that for a telescopic sequence with any gcd, there is a minimal telescopic sequence which generates the same submonoid. In particular, given a free numerical semigroup we can construct a telescopic generating sequence which is minimal. In the process, we will examine some operations on and constructions of telescopic sequences in general.
Measurements of properties of the Higgs boson decaying to a W boson pair in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measurements of the production of the standard model Higgs boson decaying to a W boson pair are reported. The W$^+$W$^-$ candidates are selected in events with an oppositely charged lepton pair, large missing transverse momentum, and various numbers of jets. To select Higgs bosons produced via vector boson fusion and associated production with a W or Z boson, events with two jets or three or four leptons are also selected. The event sample corresponds to an integrated luminosity of 35.9 fb$^{-1}$, collected in pp collisions at $\sqrt{s} =$ 13 TeV by the CMS detector at the LHC during 2016. Combining all channels, the observed cross section times branching fraction is 1.28 $^{+0.18}_{-0.17}$ times the standard model prediction for the Higgs boson with a mass of 125.09 GeV. This is the first observation of the Higgs boson decay to W boson pairs by the CMS experiment.
description: Replaced with the published version. Added the journal reference. All the figures and tables can be found at http://cms-results.web.cern.ch/cms-results/public-results/publications/HIG-16-042 (CMS Public Pages)
Intrinsic Geometry of the Special Equations in Galilean 3−Space G3
Creators: name: Oztekin, Handan
name: Sepet, Sezin Aykurt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10104 Combinatorics and Discrete Mathematics (excl. Physical Combinatorics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this study, we investigate a general intrinsic geometry in 3-dimensional Galilean space G3. Then, we obtain some special equations by using intrinsic derivatives of orthonormal triad in G3.
Additional file 1 of Retrospective analysis of factors associated with aortic remodeling in patients with Stanford type B aortic dissection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair
Creators: name: Yu, Biao
name: Li, Tangzhiming
name: Liu, Huadong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1.
Controls on the distribution of molybdenum and other critical trace elements at the Bingham Canyon porphyry deposit, Utah
Creators: name: Kocher, Simon
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: Molybdenite is a common mineral in porphyry deposits and is the only economic source for molybdenum metal. Approximately 99% of the global Mo production is obtained from porphyry-type deposits (e.g. Sillitoe, 2010), making it the metal with the single strongest affinity for a specific deposit type. The controls on the formation of Mo-rich porphyry deposits remain poorly constrained. By combining fieldwork, whole rock geochemistry, detailed analysis of molybdenite (i.e. trace element composition, Mo isotope composition and Re-Os dating) and a fluid inclusion study this project assesses the magmatic-hydrothermal evolution of Bingham Canyon to help constrain the processes controlling Mo mineralisation at one of the world's most prolific Cu-Au-Mo porphyry deposits. New high precision Re-Os molybdenite data suggest that molybdenum mineralisation formed between 37.62 and 38.22 Ma during a late hydrothermal event coinciding with the emplacement of the youngest porphyry phase. Petrographic and fluid inclusion and results indicate two episodes of mineralisation. Type 1 molybdenite formed at depth during the Cu-stage from single-phase, intermediate density parental fluids, prior to phase separation and main Cu deposition. Mo-rich Type 2 mineralisation formed at a later stage from high-salinity fluids and coexisting vapours that were exsolved directly from a fractionated magma source in response to mafic replenishment and T increase. The decoupled deposition of Mo and Cu at Bingham is attributed to the prior preferential extraction of Cu from the underlying, less evolved magma chamber during earlier mineralising events. Molybdenite precipitated in response to cooling and bulk reduction of the fluids. In accordance with data from other Mo-rich porphyry systems, results indicate that Mo-Cu decoupling is controlled by a combination of changes in source magma chemistry as well as by the evolving P-T-X properties of hydrothermal fluids. Molybdenite trace element compositions from Bingham and other localities are a function of their respective magmatic sources and are capable of recording hydrothermal overprints. Mineralogically complex Bi and As mineralisations formed during prograde skarn formation and in a high-sulphidation environment during the veining stages of the hydrothermal system.
Mixing times for the simple exclusion process in ballistic random environment
Creators: name: Schmid, Dominik
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60K37, 60J27

description: We consider the exclusion process on segments of the integers in a site-dependent random environment. We assume to be in the ballistic regime in which a single particle has positive linear speed. Our goal is to study the mixing time of the exclusion process when the number of particles is linear in the size of the segment. We investigate the order of the mixing time depending on the support of the environment distribution. In particular, we prove for nestling environments that the order of the mixing time is different than in the case of a single particle.
description: 29 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in EJP
Proposal for Dimensionality Testing in Quantum Private Query
Creators: name: Maitra, Arpita
name: Adhikari, Bibhas
name: Adhikari, Satyabrata
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently, dimensionality testing of a quantum state has received extensive attention (Ac{í}n et al. Phys. Rev. Letts. 2006, Scarani et al. Phys. Rev. Letts. 2006). Security proofs of existing quantum information processing protocols rely on the assumption about the dimension of quantum states in which logical bits are encoded. However, removing such assumption may cause security loophole. In the present paper, we show that this is indeed the case. We choose two players' quantum private query protocol by Yang et al. (Quant. Inf. Process. 2014) as an example and show how one player can gain an unfair advantage by changing the dimension of subsystem of a shared quantum system. To resist such attack we propose dimensionality testing in a different way. Our proposal is based on CHSH like game. As we exploit CHSH like game, it can be used to test if the states are product states for which the protocol becomes completely vulnerable.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures
Towards the cell-free expression of glycoproteins
Creators: name: Exley, Kealan Peter
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2017

description: N-linked glycosylation, is the covalent linkage of an oligosaccharide to an amido-group of an asparagine in a consensus sequence motif. The biosynthesis and transfer of a carbohydrate chain onto a nascent protein occurs within the ER and these initial steps are highly conserved throughout eukaryotes. Further processing of the carbohydrate chain occurs in the Golgi apparatus, where differences in processing between species and cell-types arise, resulting in different saccharide composition of the end-product. These differences are important in nature as N-linked glycosylation can influence a protein’s function and interaction. However, this trait can be problematic when manufacturing a biopharmaceutical, due to the potential pharmacokinetic influence of the glycan structure. Consequently, it is important to ensure a suitable N-linked glycan is produced. The removal of the N-linked glycosylation processing from the constraints of a cell will allow for greater control of the end saccharide composition of the glycan chain. A cell-free protein expression system will reduce heterogeneity allowing for the production of a homogenesis glycan chain. With this in mind, a project was conceived to create a cell free protein synthesis system for the expression of glycoproteins. The project commenced with implementation of a glycoengineering approach on P. pastoris to generate pentamannosyl oligosaccharide. This oligosaccharide is seen as substrate for the synthesis of a complex-type glycoprofile. To process the pentamannosyl oligosaccharide the expression of a glycosidase and two glycotransferases was attempted. The feasibility of producing a cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) system from yeast cell lysate was also tested. This project resulted in a knockout P. pastoris strain which prevented the hypermannosylation glycoprofile. This strain can viably be used to generate the pentamannosyl oligosaccharide. A recombinant human GlcNAcT-I was produced which demonstrated the in vitro modification of an oligosaccharide chain. Finally, the project developed an active CFPS with a S. cerevisiae cell lysate but not with P. pastoris, suggesting that not all cell lysates can be utilised to generate an active CFPS. Together, these results highlight the difficulties in utilising a non-conventional yeast for genetic and metabolic engineering. This research has suggested targets for future work which could yet see the generation the first cell free glycoprotein synthesis with a complex-type glycoprofile.
Degradation of Entanglement in Markovian Noise
Creators: name: Gatto, Dario
name: De Pasquale, Antonella
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entanglement survival time is defined as the maximum time a system which is evolving under the action of local Markovian, homogenous in time noise, is capable to preserve the entanglement it had at the beginning of the temporal evolution. In this paper we study how this quantity is affected by the interplay between the coherent preserving and dissipative contributions of the corresponding dynamical generator. We report the presence of a counterintuitive, non-monotonic behaviour in such functional, capable of inducing sudden death of entanglement in models which, in the absence of unitary driving are capable to sustain entanglement for arbitrarily long times.
description: 15 pages, 5 figures
Galaxy Formation and the Kinematics of Damped Lyman Alpha Systems
Creators: name: McDonald, Patrick
name: Miralda-Escude, Jordi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A model of damped lyman alpha systems is presented based on randomly moving clouds in spherical halos. We use the Press-Schechter model for the abundance of halos, and assume that each halo has a similar population of clouds, with total mass and spatial distribution constrained to fit observations of the column density distribution. We show that the kinematics of the multiple absorbing components revealed in absorption profiles of the low-ionization lines, presented by Prochaska & Wolfe, are consistent with our spherical halo model. The presence of multiple absorbing components with a large covering factor, combined with the small impact parameters of the systems predicted in our analytical model and in numerical simulations, implies a high rate of energy dissipation in cloud collisions. We calculate the rate of energy dissipation in our model, and show that it is far greater than the rate at which energy can be supplied by gravitational mergers of halos. This poses a problem for the model of merging protogalactic clumps of Haehnelt et al., based on numerical simulations. We also present new constraints on the amplitude of the power spectrum in hierarchical theories required to account for the observed velocity dispersion in the absorbers. We find that the linearly extrapolated rms fluctuation on spheres of radius HR = 100 km/s at z=4 must be greater than 0.75. Although this limit is obtained only for our specific model of the absorbing components, it should not be highly model-dependent because the velocity dispersion of the absorbers is essentially determined by the velocity dispersion of the halos where the gas is moving.
description: submitted to ApJ, 25 pages, 14 figures
Equal Degree Graphs of Simple Graphs
Creators: name: T. Chalapathi
name: Kumar, Kiran
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 10104 Combinatorics and Discrete Mathematics (excl. Physical Combinatorics)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper introduces equal degree graphs of simple existed graphs. These graphs exhibited some properties which are co-related with the older one. We characterize graphs for which their equal degree graphs are connected, completed, disconnected but not totally disconnected. We also obtain several properties of equal degree graphs and specify which graphs are isomorphic to equal degree graphs and complement of equal degree graphs. Furthermore, the relation between equal degree graphs and degree Prime graphs is determined.
Locality estimates for Fresnel-wave-propagation and stability of X-ray phase contrast imaging with finite detectors
Creators: name: Maretzke, Simon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65R32, 92C55, 94A08 78A45, 78A46

description: Coherent wave-propagation in the near-field Fresnel-regime is the underlying contrast-mechanism to (propagation-based) X-ray phase contrast imaging (XPCI), an emerging lensless technique that enables 2D- and 3D-imaging of biological soft tissues and other light-element samples down to nanometer-resolutions. Mathematically, propagation is described by the Fresnel-propagator, a convolution with an arbitrarily non-local kernel. As real-world detectors may only capture a finite field-of-view, this non-locality implies that the recorded diffraction-patterns are necessarily incomplete. This raises the question of stability of image-reconstruction from the truncated data -- even if the complex-valued wave-field, and not just its modulus, could be measured. Contrary to the latter restriction of the acquisition, known as the phase-problem, the finite-detector-problem has not received much attention in literature. The present work therefore analyzes locality of Fresnel-propagation in order to establish stability of XPCI with finite detectors. Image-reconstruction is shown to be severely ill-posed in this setting -- even without a phase-problem. However, quantitative estimates of the leaked wave-field reveal that Lipschitz-stability holds down to a sharp resolution limit that depends on the detector-size and varies within the field-of-view. The smallest resolvable lengthscale is found to be 1/F times the detector's aspect length, where F is the Fresnel number associated with the latter scale. The stability results are extended to phaseless imaging in the linear contrast-transfer-function regime.
Small Scale Cosmological Perturbations: An Analytic Approach
Creators: name: Hu, Wayne
name: Sugiyama, Naoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1995
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Through analytic techniques verified by numerical calculations, we establish general relations between the matter and cosmic microwave background (CMB) power spectra and their dependence on cosmological parameters on small scales. Fluctuations in the CMB, baryons, cold dark matter (CDM), and neutrinos receive a boost at horizon crossing. Baryon drag on the photons causes alternating acoustic peak heights in the CMB and is uncovered in its bare form under the photon diffusion scale. Decoupling of the photons at last scattering and of the baryons at the end of the Compton drag epoch, freezes the diffusion-damped acoustic oscillations into the CMB and matter power spectra at different scales. We determine the dependence of the respective acoustic amplitudes and damping lengths on fundamental cosmological parameters. The baryonic oscillations, enhanced by the velocity overshoot effect, compete with CDM fluctuations in the present matter power spectrum. We present new exact analytic solutions for the cold dark matter fluctuations in the presence of a growth- inhibiting radiation {\it and} baryon background. Combined with the acoustic contributions and baryonic infall into CDM potential wells, this provides a highly accurate analytic form of the small-scale transfer function in the general case.
description: Revised accepted version; no changed results but several minor typos corrected; index & other roadmaps added. TeX + 20 Figs
Minkowski Functionals and Cluster Analysis for CMB Maps
Creators: name: Novikov, D.
name: Feldman, Hume A.
name: Shandarin, Sergei F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1998
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We suggest novel statistics for the CMB maps that are sensitive to non-Gaussian features. These statistics are natural generalizations of the geometrical and topological methods that have been already used in cosmology such as the cumulative distribution function and genus. We compute the distribution functions of the Partial Minkowski Functionals for the excursion set above or bellow a constant temperature threshold. Minkowski Functionals are additive and are translationally and rotationally invariant. Thus, they can be used for patchy and/or incomplete coverage. The technique is highly efficient computationally (it requires only O(N) operations, where N is the number of pixels per one threshold level). Further, it allows to split large data sets into smaller subsets. The full advantage of these statistics can be obtained only on very large data sets. We apply it to the 4-year DMR COBE data corrected for the Galaxy contamination as an illustration of the technique.
description: 28 pages latex using aasms4 and epsfig. 11 postscript figures embedded. Minor Changes, to reflect the published version