cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Quantile regression models for current status data
Creators: name: Zeng, Donglin
name: Cai, Jianwen
name: Ou, Fang-Shu
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Current status data arise frequently in demography, epidemiology, and econometrics where the exact failure time cannot be determined but is only known to have occurred before or after a known observation time. We propose a quantile regression model to analyze current status data, because it does not require distributional assumptions and the coefficients can be interpreted as direct regression effects on the distribution of failure time in the original time scale. Our model assumes that the conditional quantile of failure time is a linear function of covariates. We assume conditional independence between the failure time and observation time. An M-estimator is developed for parameter estimation which is computed using the concave-convex procedure and its confidence intervals are constructed using a subsampling method. Asymptotic properties for the estimator are derived and proven using modern empirical process theory. The small sample performance of the proposed method is demonstrated via simulation studies. Finally, we apply the proposed method to analyze data from the Mayo Clinic Study of Aging.
A Volume of Fluid (VoF) based all-mach HLLC Solver for Multi-Phase Compressible Flow with Surface-Tension
Creators: name: Oomar, Muhammad Yusufali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: VoF
Compressible
Surface Tension
CSF
Height Functions

description: This work presents an all-Mach method for two-phase inviscid flow in the presence of surface tension. A modified version of the Hartens, Lax, Leer and Contact (HLLC) approximate Riemann solver based on Garrick et al. [1] is developed and combined with the popular Volume of Fluid (VoF) method: Compressive Interface Capturing Scheme for Arbitrary Meshes (CICSAM). This novel combination yields a scheme with both HLLC shock capturing as well as accurate liquid-gas interface tracking characteristics. To ensure compatibility with VoF, the Monotone Upstream-centred Scheme for Conservation Laws (MUSCL) [2] is applied to non-conservative (primitive) variables, which yields both robustness and accuracy. Liquid-gas interface curvature is computed via both height functions [3, 4] and the convolution method [5]. This is in the interest of applicability to both cartesian and arbitrary meshes. The author emphasizes the use of VoF in the interest of surface tension modelling accuracy. The method is validated using a range of test-cases available in literature. The results show flow features that are in agreement with experimental and benchmark data. In particular, the use of the HLLC-VoF combination leads to a sharp volume fraction and energy field with improved accuracy (up to secondorder).
JMFit : A SAS Macro for Joint Models of Longitudinal and Survival Data
Creators: name: Shen, Wei
name: Boye, Mark E.
name: Ibrahim, Joseph G.
name: Zhang, Danjie
name: Chen, Ming-Hui
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Joint models for longitudinal and survival data now have a long history of being used in clinical trials or other studies in which the goal is to assess a treatment effect while accounting for a longitudinal biomarker such as patient-reported outcomes or immune responses. Although software has been developed for fitting the joint model, no software packages are currently available for simultaneously fitting the joint model and assessing the fit of the longitudinal component and the survival component of the model separately as well as the contribution of the longitudinal data to the fit of the survival model. To fulfill this need, we develop a SAS macro, called JMFit. JMFit implements a variety of popular joint models and provides several model assessment measures including the decomposition of AIC and BIC as well as ΔAIC and ΔBIC recently developed in Zhang et al. (2014). Examples with real and simulated data are provided to illustrate the use of JMFit.
Modelling the flux distribution function of the extragalactic gamma-ray background from dark matter annihilation
Creators: name: Feyereisen, Michael R.
name: Ando, Shin'ichiro
name: Lee, Samuel K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The one-point function (i.e., the isotropic flux distribution) is a complementary method to (anisotropic) two-point correlations in searches for a gamma-ray dark matter annihilation signature. Using analytical models of structure formation and dark matter halo properties, we compute the gamma-ray flux distribution due to annihilations in extragalactic dark matter halos, as it would be observed by the Fermi Large Area Telescope. Combining the central limit theorem and Monte Carlo sampling, we show that the flux distribution takes the form of a narrow Gaussian of `diffuse' light, with an `unresolved point source' power-law tail as a result of bright halos. We argue that this background due to dark matter constitutes an irreducible and significant background component for point-source annihilation searches with galaxy clusters and dwarf spheroidal galaxies, modifying the predicted signal-to-noise ratio. A study of astrophysical backgrounds to this signal reveals that the shape of the total gamma-ray flux distribution is very sensitive to the contribution of a dark matter component, allowing us to forecast promising one-point upper limits on the annihilation cross section. We show that by using the flux distribution at only one energy bin, one can probe the canonical cross section required for explaining the relic density, for dark matter of masses around tens of GeV.
description: 33 pages, 10 figures; Minor changes to reflect version accepted by JCAP
Body Composition and Muscle Characteristics of Division I Track and Field Athletes
Creators: name: Trexler, Eric T.
name: Roelofs, Erica J.
name: Hirsch, Katie R.
name: Smith-Ryan, Abbie E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The purpose of this study was to evaluate event-specific body composition and muscle characteristics of track and field athletes, and to assess body composition changes after one year. Sixty collegiate track and field athletes (Mean ± SD; Age = 19.2 ± 1.4 yrs, Height = 174.6 ± 9.0 cm, Weight = 71.5 ± 12.5 kg) were stratified into six event groups. Total and regional body composition measurements were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. A panoramic scan of the vastus lateralis was taken with B-mode ultrasound to determine muscle cross sectional area (mCSA) and echo intensity (EI). Body composition measurements were repeated a year later in a subset of returning athletes (n=33). Throwers had significantly more absolute fat mass (FM; 21.6 ± 11.0 kg), total body mass (89.7 ± 17.4 kg), percent fat (23.6 ± 7.8) and trunk fat (9.4 ± 5.8 kg) than all other event groups (p<0.05). Throwers had the most absolute lean mass (LM; 64.2 ±11.7 kg; p>0.05), but relative to body mass had relatively less LM (0.72 ± 0.08 kg; p<0.05). Despite high FM, throwers had lower EI (63.4 ± 5.2 a.u). After one year, relative armLM increased slightly in all event groups (p<0.05). Evaluation of muscle characteristics in addition to total and regional body composition may be valuable for improving performance, injury prevention, and assessing health risks. With appropriate training, track and field athletes may be able to minimize losses in LM and gains in FM between seasons.
Experimental Demonstration of Negative-Valued Polarization Quasi-Probability Distribution
Creators: name: Spasibko, K. Yu.
name: Chekhova, M. V.
name: Khalili, F. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Polarization quasiprobability distribution defined in the Stokes space shares many important properties with the Wigner function for the position and momentum. Most notably, they both give correct one-dimensional marginal probability distributions and therefore represent the natural choice for the probability distributions in classical hidden-variable models. In this context, negativity of the Wigner function is considered as a proof of non-classicality for a quantum state. On the contrary, the polarization quasiprobability distribution demonstrates negativity for all quantum states. This feature comes from the discrete nature of the Stokes variables; however, it was not observed in previous experiments, because they were performed with photon-number averaging detectors. Here we reconstruct the polarization quasiprobability distribution of a coherent state with photon-number resolving detectors, which allows us to directly observe for the first time its negativity.
Laxoplumeria baehniana Monachino 1949
Creators: name: Morales, J. Francisco
name: Morais, Isa Lucia De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Laxoplumeria
Laxoplumeria baehniana

description: Laxoplumeria baehniana Monachino (1949: 68).
 Type: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: Eiruneré, basin of upper Jurua, Valparaiso, Igarapé Campinas, 26 Oct 1946, Fróes 21694 (Holotype, NY!; isotypes, MO!, SP!, US!, WIS!) Figs. 2, 6.
 Trees ca. 15 m, stems glabrous, sap unknown. Leaves alternate, petioles 20–29 mm; leaf blade 13.5–22.5 × 4.8–6 cm, obovate, the apex obtuse, the base narrowly cuneate, glabrous, with 11–16 pairs of secondary veins. Inflorescences 3–4 cm long, glabrous, peduncles 4–10 mm, pedicels 1.5–3 mm, bracts less than 1 mm; calyx lobes 1.5–1.6 mm, ovate, the apex acute, glabrous; corolla color unknown, glabrous, tube 3.9–4.1 × 1.5–2 mm, lobes 6–7.5 × 0.8–1.5(–2) mm, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate-elliptic; stamens inserted in the distal part of the corolla tube, near the mouth, anthers 1–1.2 mm; ovary 0.9–1 mm de largo, nectary ca. 1/5 of the ovary length. Follicles 34–36 × 0.5–0.8 cm, glabrous; seeds 2–2.2 cm, coma 1–1.5 cm, tan.
 Distribution and habitat: — Known only from the type locality, growing in igarape forest below 150 m. Flowering in October.
 Observations:— Laxoplumeria baehniana resembles L. verticillata by its reduced inflorescences, but differs by its alternate leaves (vs. verticillate to subverticillate), leaf blade obovate (vs. elliptic), and corolla lobes 6–7.5 mm long (vs. 2.6–2.8 mm). The name has been misapplied in herbaria for material from French Guiana and Minas Gerais, Brazil. The voucher cited by Simões et al. (2016) as L. baehniana (Mendes-Magalhães 15670, CR, MO) is described here as a new species (L. verticillata).
 Representative specimens examined: — Acre: near mouth of Macauhan river, tributary of Yaci river, Krukoff 5720 (AA, K, MO, NY, S).
description: Published as part of Morales, J. Francisco & Morais, Isa Lucia De, 2018, Studies in the Neotropical Apocynaceae LII: A synopsis of Laxoplumeria with three new species, pp. 35-46 in Phytotaxa 343 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.343.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13719245
Deterministic Cramer-Rao bound for strictly non-circular sources and analytical analysis of the achievable gains
Creators: name: Steinwandt, Jens
name: Roemer, Florian
name: Haardt, Martin
name: Del Galdo, Giovanni
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, several high-resolution parameter estimation algorithms have been developed to exploit the structure of strictly second-order (SO) non-circular (NC) signals. They achieve a higher estimation accuracy and can resolve up to twice as many signal sources compared to the traditional methods for arbitrary signals. In this paper, as a benchmark for these NC methods, we derive the closed-form deterministic R-D NC Cramer-Rao bound (NC CRB) for the multi-dimensional parameter estimation of strictly non-circular (rectilinear) signal sources. Assuming a separable centro-symmetric R-D array, we show that in some special cases, the deterministic R-D NC CRB reduces to the existing deterministic R-D CRB for arbitrary signals. This suggests that no gain from strictly non-circular sources (NC gain) can be achieved in these cases. For more general scenarios, finding an analytical expression of the NC gain for an arbitrary number of sources is very challenging. Thus, in this paper, we simplify the derived NC CRB and the existing CRB for the special case of two closely-spaced strictly non-circular sources captured by a uniform linear array (ULA). Subsequently, we use these simplified CRB expressions to analytically compute the maximum achievable asymptotic NC gain for the considered two source case. The resulting expression only depends on the various physical parameters and we find the conditions that provide the largest NC gain for two sources. Our analysis is supported by extensive simulation results.
description: submitted to IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 13 pages, 4 figures
Effects of Coffee and Caffeine Anhydrous Intake During Creatine Loading
Creators: name: Mock, Meredith G.
name: Roelofs, Erica J.
name: Persky, Adam M.
name: Trexler, Eric T.
name: Hirsch, Katie R.
name: Smith-Ryan, Abbie E.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of 5 d of creatine (CRE) loading alone or in combination with caffeine anhydrous (CAF) or coffee (COF) on upper and lower body strength and sprint performance. Physically active males (n=54; Mean ± SD; Age = 20.1 ± 2.1 yrs; Weight = 78.8 ± 8.8 kg) completed baseline testing, consisting of one-repetition maximum (1RM) and repetitions to fatigue (RTF) with 80% 1RM for bench press (BP) and leg press (LP), followed by a repeated sprint test of five, 10 s sprints separated by 60 s rest on a cycle ergometer to determine peak power (PP) and total power (TP). At least 72 hr later, subjects were randomly assigned to supplement with CRE (5 g creatine monohydrate, 4 times*d−1; n=14), CRE+CAF (CRE + 300 mg*d−1 of CAF; n=13), CRE+COF (CRE + 8.9 g COF, yielding 303 mg caffeine; n=13), or placebo (PLA; n=14) for 5 d. Serum creatinine (CRN) was measured prior to and following supplementation and on day six, participants repeated pre-testing procedures. Strength measures were improved in all groups (p<0.05), with no significant time × treatment interactions. No significant interaction or main effects were observed for PP. For TP, a time × sprint interaction was observed (p<0.05), with no significant interactions between treatment groups. A time × treatment interaction was observed for serum CRN values (p<0.05) that showed increases in all groups except PLA. Four subjects reported mild gastrointestinal discomfort with CRE+CAF, with no side effects reported in other groups. These findings suggest that neither CRE alone, nor in combination with CAF or COF, significantly affected performance compared to PLA.
Block Iterative Reweighted Algorithms for Super-Resolution of Spectrally Sparse Signals
Creators: name: Cho, Myung
name: Mishra, Kumar Vijay
name: Cai, Jian-Feng
name: Xu, Weiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose novel algorithms that enhance the performance of recovering unknown continuous-valued frequencies from undersampled signals. Our iterative reweighted frequency recovery algorithms employ the support knowledge gained from earlier steps of our algorithms as block prior information to enhance frequency recovery. Our methods improve the performance of the atomic norm minimization which is a useful heuristic in recovering continuous-valued frequency contents. Numerical results demonstrate that our block iterative reweighted methods provide both better recovery performance and faster speed than other known methods.
Longitudinal Body Composition Changes in NCAA Division I College Football Players
Creators: name: Smith-Ryan, Abbie E.
name: Ivey, Pat A.
name: Trexler, Eric T.
name: Bryanmann,
name: Mock, Meredith G.
name: Hirsch, Katie R.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Many athletes seek to optimize body composition to fit the physical demands of their sport. American football requires a unique combination of size, speed, and power. The purpose of the current study was to evaluate longitudinal changes in body composition in Division I collegiate football players. For 57 players (Mean ± SD; Age=19.5 ± 0.9 yrs; Height=186.9 ± 5.7 cm; Weight=107.7 ± 19.1 kg), body composition was assessed via dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry in the off-season (March-Pre), end of off-season (May), mid-July (Pre-Season), and the following March (March-Post). Outcome variables included weight, body fat percentage (BF%), fat mass (FM), lean mass (LM), android (AND) and gynoid (GYN) fat, bone mineral content (BMC), and bone density (BMD). For a subset of athletes (n=13 out of 57), changes over a 4-year playing career were evaluated with measurements taken every March. Throughout a single year, favorable changes were observed for BF% (Δ=−1.3 ± 2.5%), LM (Δ=2.8 ± 2.8 kg), GYN (Δ=−1.5 ± 3.0%), BMC (Δ=0.06 ± 0.14 kg), and BMD (Δ=0.015 ± 0.027g·cm−2; all p<0.05). Across four years, weight increased significantly (Δ=6.6 ± 4.1kg), and favorable changes were observed for LM (Δ=4.3 ± 3.0 kg), BMC (Δ=0.18 ± 0.17 kg), and BMD (Δ=0.033 ± 0.039 g·cm−2; all p<0.05). Similar patterns in body composition changes were observed for linemen and non-linemen. Results indicate that well-trained collegiate football players at high levels of competition can achieve favorable changes in body composition, even late in the career, which may confer benefits for performance and injury prevention.
Symmetry dependent electron localization and optical absorption of polygonal quantum rings
Creators: name: Sitek, Anna
name: Gudmundsson, Vidar
name: Manolescu, Andrei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare energy spectra, electron localization and optical absorption of square and diamond quantum rings and analyze how sample geometry affects those features. We show that low energy levels of diamond rings form two groups delocalized between opposite corners which results in increased number of optical transitions. We also show that contacts applied to corner areas allow for continuous change between square- and diamond-like behavior of the same sample, irrespective of its shape.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Increased Cortical Cerebral Blood Flow in Asymptomatic Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Subjects
Creators: name: Sen, Souvik
name: An, Hongyu
name: Lin, Weili
name: Powers, William
name: Eron, Joseph
name: Robertson, Kevin
name: Menezes, Prema
name: Oakes, Jonathan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infected individuals are at high risk for ischemic stroke. To investigate the physiological basis for this risk, we used magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to measure oxygen extraction fraction (OEF) and cerebral blood flow (CBF) in treatment naïve asymptomatic HIV-infected subjects and controls.
Planes of satellite galaxies: when exceptions are the rule
Creators: name: Cautun, Marius
name: Bose, Sownak
name: Frenk, Carlos S.
name: Guo, Qi
name: Han, Jiaxin
name: Hellwing, Wojciech A.
name: Sawala, Till
name: Wang, Wenting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The detection of planar structures within the satellite systems of both the Milky Way (MW) and Andromeda (M31) has been reported as being in stark contradiction to the predictions of the standard cosmological model ($Λ$CDM). Given the ambiguity in defining a planar configuration, it is unclear how to interpret the low incidence of the MW and M31 planes in $Λ$CDM. We investigate the prevalence of satellite planes around galactic mass haloes identified in high resolution cosmological simulations. We find that planar structures are very common, and that ~10% of $Λ$CDM haloes have even more prominent planes than those present in the Local Group. While ubiquitous, the planes of satellite galaxies show a large diversity in their properties. This precludes using one or two systems as small scale probes of cosmology, since a large sample of satellite systems is needed to obtain a good measure of the object-to-object variation. This very diversity has been misinterpreted as a discrepancy between the satellite planes observed in the Local Group and $Λ$CDM predictions. In fact, ~10% of $Λ$CDM galactic haloes have planes of satellites that are as infrequent as the MW and M31 planes. The look-elsewhere effect plays an important role in assessing the detection significance of satellite planes and accounting for it leads to overestimating the significance level by a factor of 30 and 100 for the MW and M31 systems, respectively.
description: 13 pages, 15 figures, +3 pages appendix, MNRAS accepted version
Laxoplumeria longipetiolata J. F. Morales 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Morales, J. Francisco
name: Morais, Isa Lucia De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Laxoplumeria
Laxoplumeria longipetiolata

description: Laxoplumeria longipetiolata J.F.Morales, sp. nov. Figs. 3, 6.
 Type: — BRAZIL. Amazonas: boca do rio Içana, local chamado Boa Vista (antigo Grilo), 12 Nov 1987, Kawasaki 112 (Holotype, WAG!, isotypes, MO!, NY!).
 Laxoplumeria longipetiolata is easily recognized by its leaves with petioles 50–62 mm long, corolla tube 2.9–3.1 mm and nectaries slightly shorter than the ovary.
 Trees ca. 10 m, stems glabrous, sap unknown. Leaves alternate, petioles 50–62 mm; leaf blade 17–21 × 7.5–9 cm, obovate, apex obtuse to rounded, base acute, glabrous, with 15–17 pairs of secondary veins. Inflorescences 14–16 cm long, glabrous, peduncles 85–105 mm, pedicels 2.8–3.2 mm, bracts 0.2–0.7 mm; calyx lobes 1.3–1.5 mm, ovate, the apex obtuse, glabrous; corolla white, glabrous, tube 2.9–3.1 × 1.1–1.3 mm, lobes 6–7.5 × 0.8–1.5(–2) mm, narrowly elliptic to narrowly ovate-elliptic; stamens inserted in the distal part of the corolla tube, near the mouth, anthers 1–1.2 mm; ovary ca. 1 mm, nectaries slightly shorter than the ovary. Follicles unknown.
 Distribution and habitat: — Endemic to the Amazonas state, Brazil, growing in caatingas below 100 m. Flowering in November.
 Observations:— Laxoplumeria longipetiolata is easily recognized by its leaves with petioles 50–62 mm long.
description: Published as part of Morales, J. Francisco & Morais, Isa Lucia De, 2018, Studies in the Neotropical Apocynaceae LII: A synopsis of Laxoplumeria with three new species, pp. 35-46 in Phytotaxa 343 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.343.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13719245
Online Unmixing of Multitemporal Hyperspectral Images accounting for Spectral Variability
Creators: name: Thouvenin, Pierre-Antoine
name: Dobigeon, Nicolas
name: Tourneret, Jean-Yves
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Hyperspectral unmixing is aimed at identifying the reference spectral signatures composing an hyperspectral image and their relative abundance fractions in each pixel. In practice, the identified signatures may vary spectrally from an image to another due to varying acquisition conditions, thus inducing possibly significant estimation errors. Against this background, hyperspectral unmixing of several images acquired over the same area is of considerable interest. Indeed, such an analysis enables the endmembers of the scene to be tracked and the corresponding endmember variability to be characterized. Sequential endmember estimation from a set of hyperspectral images is expected to provide improved performance when compared to methods analyzing the images independently. However, the significant size of hyperspectral data precludes the use of batch procedures to jointly estimate the mixture parameters of a sequence of hyperspectral images. Provided that each elementary component is present in at least one image of the sequence, we propose to perform an online hyperspectral unmixing accounting for temporal endmember variability. The online hyperspectral unmixing is formulated as a two-stage stochastic program, which can be solved using a stochastic approximation. The performance of the proposed method is evaluated on synthetic and real data. A comparison with independent unmixing algorithms finally illustrates the interest of the proposed strategy.
description: 27 pages, 11 figures, accepted in IEEE Trans. Image Process., 2016
Utilization of Alcohol Treatment Among HIV-Positive Women with Hazardous Drinking
Creators: name: Milam, Joel
name: Hu, Xingdi
name: Adedimeji, Adebola
name: Winterstein, Almut G.
name: Rubtsova, Anna
name: Zhong, Yue
name: Plankey, Michael
name: Harman, Jeffrey
name: Cohen, Mardge H.
name: Cook, Robert L.
name: Cropsey, Karen
name: Adimora, Adaora A.
name: Wheeler, Amber L.
name: Taylor, Tonya N.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Hazardous alcohol consumption has been frequently reported among women with HIV infection and is associated with a variety of negative health consequences. Treatments to reduce alcohol use may bring in health benefits. However, little is known regarding the utilization of alcohol treatment services among HIV+ women with hazardous drinking. Using data from the Women’s Interagency HIV Study (WIHS), this study assessed utilization of any alcohol treatment in the past 6 months and performed multivariable logistic regression to determine correlates of receipt of any alcohol treatment. Among 474 HIV+ women reporting recent hazardous drinking, less than one in five (19%) reported recent utilization of any alcohol treatment. Alcoholics Anonymous (AA) was the most commonly reported (12.9%), followed by inpatient detoxification (9.9%) and outpatient alcohol treatment program (7.0%). Half (51%) receiving any alcohol treatment reported utilization of multiple treatments. Multivariable analyses found alcohol treatment was more often utilized by those who had social support (Odds ratio [OR]=1.68, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]=1.00 to 2.83), fewer economic resources (income <=$12,000 vs. >$12,000, OR = 3.10, 95% CI=1.53 to 6.27), higher levels of drinking (16–35 drinks/week vs. 12–15 drinks/week, OR=3.02, 95% CI=1.47 to 6.21; 36+ drinks/week vs. 12–15 drinks/week, OR=4.41, 95% CI=2.03 to 9.59), and those who reported any illicit drug use (OR=2.77, 95% CI=1.44 to 5.34). More efforts are needed to enhance the utilization of alcohol treatment. Our findings highlight the unique profile of those who utilized alcohol treatment. Such information is vital to improve treatment delivery to address unmet need in this particular population.
Past-year prevalence of prescription opioid misuse among those 11 to 30
Creators: name: Hagan, Holly
name: Jordan, Ashly E
name: Blackburn, Natalie A
name: Des Jarlais, Don C
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: AbstractBackgroundThere are high levels of prescription and consumption of prescription opioids in the US. Misuse of prescription opioids has been shown to be highly correlated with prescription opioid-related morbidity and mortality including fatal and non-fatal overdose. We characterized the past-year prevalence of prescription opioid misuse among those 11–30years of age in the US.MethodsA systematic review and meta-analysis were carried out following a published protocol and PRISMA guidelines. We searched electronic databases; reports were eligible if they were published between 1/1/1990–5/30/2014, and included data on individuals 11–30years of age from the US. Study quality was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale.ResultsA total of 3211 abstracts were reviewed for inclusion; after discarding duplicates and identifying non-eligible reports, a total of 19 unique reports, providing 34 estimates, were included in the final systematic review and meta-analysis. The range of past-year prescription opioid misuse prevalence the reports was 0.7%–16.3%. An increase in prevalence of 0.4% was observed over the years of data collection.ConclusionsThis systematic review and meta-analysis found a high prevalence of past-year prescription opioid misuse among individuals 11–30years of age. Importantly, we identified an increase in past-year prevalence 1990–2014. Misuse of prescription opioids has played an important role in national increases of fatal and non-fatal drug overdose, heroin use and injection, and HIV and HCV infection among young people. The observed high and increasing prevalence of prescription opioid misuse is an urgent public health issue.
Renal cell carcinoma with inferior vena cava involvement: Prognostic effect of tumor thrombus consistency on cancer specific survival: Tumor Thrombus Consistency and Survival
Creators: name: Master, Viraj A.
name: Vergho, Daniel
name: Evans, Christopher P.
name: Vázquez-Martul, Dario
name: Master, Viraj A.
name: Lorentz, Adam
name: Pruthi, Raj S.
name: Russo, Paul
name: Chantada, Venancio
name: Wallen, Eric M.
name: Mager, Rene
name: Huang, William C.
name: Haferkamp, Axel
name: Tilki, Derya
name: Montorsi, Francesco
name: Zigeuner, Richard
name: Scherr, Douglas S.
name: Spahn, Martin
name: Libertino, John A.
name: Espinós, Estefanía Linares
name: McKiernan, James M.
name: Ciancio, Gaetano
name: Carballido, Joaquín A.
name: Daneshmand, Siamak
name: Shariat, Shahrokh F.
name: Hohenfellner, Markus
name: O'Malley, Padraic
name: McKiernan, James M.
name: Faba, Oscar Rodriguez
name: Gontero, Paolo
name: Donoso, Cesar Vera
name: Koppie, Theresa M.
name: González, Javier
name: Terrone, Carlo
name: Capitanio, Umberto
name: Pahernik, Sascha
name: Palou, Joan
name: Chromecki, Thomas
name: Martínez-Salamanca, Juan I.
name: Moreno, José Luis Pontones
name: Libertino, John A.
name: Haferkamp, Axel
name: Evans, Christopher P.
name: Daneshmand, Siamak
name: Novara, Giacomo
name: Palou, Joan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Renal cell carcinoma forming a venous tumor thrombus (VTT) in the inferior vena cava (IVC) has a poor prognosis. Recent investigations have been focused on prognostic markers of survival. Thrombus consistency (TC) has been proposed to be of significant value but yet there are conflicting data. The aim of this study is to test the effect of IVC VTT consistency on cancer specific survival (CSS) in a multi-institutional cohort.
An examination of autonomic and facial responses to prototypical facial emotion expressions in psychopathy
Creators: name: Deming, P
name: Eisenbarth, Hedwig
name: Rodrik, O
name: Weaver, SS
name: Kiehl, KA
name: Koenigs, M
Publisher: name: Open Access Te Herenga Waka-Victoria University of Wellington
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Meta-analyses have found that people high in psychopathy categorize (or "recognize") others' prototypical facial emotion expressions with reduced accuracy. However, these have been contested with remaining questions regarding the strength, specificity, and mechanisms of this ability in psychopathy. In addition, few studies have tested holistically whether psychopathy is related to reduced facial mimicry or autonomic arousal in response to others' dynamic facial expressions. Therefore, the current study presented 6 s videos of a target person making prototypical emotion expressions (anger, fear, disgust, sadness, joy, and neutral) to N = 88 incarcerated adult males while recording facial electromyography, skin conductance response (SCR), and heart rate. Participants identified the emotion category and rated the valence and intensity of the target person's emotion. Psychopathy was assessed via the Psychopathy Checklist-Revised (PCL-R). We predicted that overall PCLR scores and scores for the interpersonal/affective traits, in particular, would be related to reduced emotion categorization accuracy, valence ratings, intensity ratings, facial mimicry, SCR amplitude, and cardiac deceleration in response to the prototypical facial emotion expressions. In contrast to our hypotheses, PCL-R scores were unrelated to emotion categorization accuracy, valence ratings, and intensity ratings. Stimuli failed to elicit facial mimicry from the full sample, which does not allow drawing conclusions about the relationship between psychopathy and facial mimicry. However, participants displayed general autonomic arousal responses, but not to prototypical emotion expressions per se. PCL-R scores were also unrelated to SCR and cardiac deceleration. These findings failed to identify aberrant behavioral and physiological responses to prototypical facial emotion expressions in relation to psychopathy.
Generalized $f(R,ϕ,X)$ gravity and the late-time cosmic acceleration
Creators: name: Bahamonde, Sebastian
name: Boehmer, Christian G.
name: Lobo, Francisco S. N.
name: Saez-Gomez, Diego
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High-precision observational data have confirmed with startling evidence that the Universe is currently undergoing a phase of accelerated expansion. This phase, one of the most important and challenging current problems in cosmology, represents a new imbalance in the governing gravitational equations. Historically, physics has addressed such imbalances by either identifying sources that were previously unaccounted for, or by altering the gravitational theory. Several candidates, responsible for this expansion, have been proposed in the literature, in particular, dark energy models and modified gravity models, amongst others. Outstanding questions are related to the nature of this so-called "dark energy" that is driving this acceleration, and whether it is due to the vacuum energy or a dynamical field. On the other hand, the late-time cosmic acceleration may be due to modifications of General Relativity. In this work we explore a generalised modified gravity theory, namely $f(R,ϕ,X)$ gravity, where $R$ is the Ricci scalar, $ϕ$ is a scalar field, and $X$ is a kinetic term. This theory contains a wide range of dark energy and modified gravity models. We considered specific models and applications to the late-time cosmic acceleration.
description: 13 pages, 1 figure; slightly revised version, displayed name corrected. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.0867
Traveling Wave Solutions in a Chain of periodically Forced Couple Nonlinear Oscillators
Creators: name: Duanmu, Mei
name: Whitaker, Nathaniel
name: Kevrekidis, Panos
name: Vainchtein, Anna
name: Rubin, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Pattern Formation and Solitons (nlin.PS)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by earlier studies of artificial perceptions of light called phosphenes, we analyze traveling wave solutions in a chain of periodically forced coupled nonlinear oscillators modeling this phenomenon. We examine the discrete model problem in its co-traveling frame and systematically obtain the corresponding traveling waves in one spatial dimension. Direct numerical simulations as well as linear stability analysis are employed to reveal the parameter regions where the traveling waves are stable, and these waves are, in turn, connected to the standing waves analyzed in earlier work. We also consider a two-dimensional extension of the model and demonstrate the robust evolution and stability of planar fronts and annihilation of radial ones. Finally, we show that solutions that initially feature two symmetric fronts with bulged centers evolve in qualitative agreement with experimental observations of phosphenes.
description: 31 pages, 22 figures
Clinical breast examination screening by trained laywomen in Malawi integrated with other health services
Creators: name: Liomba, N. George
name: Lee, Clara
name: Stanley, Christopher
name: Gopal, Satish
name: Gutnik, Lily
name: Moses, Agnes
name: Mzumara, Suzgo
name: Msosa, Vanessa
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Breast cancer awareness and early detection are limited in sub-Saharan Africa. Resource limitations make screening mammography or clinical breast exam (CBE) by physicians or nurses impractical in many settings. We aimed to assess feasibility and performance of CBE by laywomen in urban health clinics in Malawi.
Laxoplumeria verticillata J. F. Morales & I. L. Morais 2018, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Morales, J. Francisco
name: Morais, Isa Lucia De
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Apocynaceae
Laxoplumeria
Laxoplumeria verticillata

description: Laxoplumeria verticillata J.F.Morales & I.L. Morais, sp. nov. Figs. 6, 7.
 Type: — BRAZIL. Minas Gerais: Novo Cruzeiro, Estrela, estrada para Lufa, 16 Nov 1959, Mendes-Magalhães 15670 (Holotype, BHCB!; isotypes, CR!, MO!, WAG!).
 Laxoplumeria verticillata is recognized by its petioles 16–22 mm and elliptic leaf blades.
 Trees 15–25 m, stems glabrous, with milky sap. Leaves verticillate to subverticillate, petioles 16–22 mm; leaf blade 7–13.1 × 2.1–4 cm, elliptic, apex acute to acuminate, base broadly acute to obtuse, glabrous, with 16–20 pairs of secondary veins. Inflorescences 4–6.5 cm long, sparsely puberulent, peduncles 15–25 mm, pedicels 3–4 mm, bracts up to 1.5 mm; calyx lobes 0.7–1.1 mm, ovate, the apex acute, densely ciliolate marginally; corolla cream, glabrous, tube 6.1–7 × 1.2–2.1 mm, lobes 2.6–2.8 × 1.2–1.4 mm, oblong; stamens inserted in the distal part of the corolla tube, near the mouth, anthers 1–1.2 mm; ovary 1.7–1.9 mm, nectary ca. 1/6 of the ovary length. Follicles 13–25 × 0.4–0.7 cm, glabrous; seeds unknown.
 Distribution and habitat: — Endemic to Brazil, restricted to the Bahia and Minas Gerais states, growing in moist forest at 200– 800 m. Flowering and fruiting in May, October, and November.
 Common names: — “peroba branca”, “tambu peroba” (Brazil, Minas Gerais).
 Observations:— Laxoplumeria verticillata is recognized by the following combination of characters: verticillate to subverticillate leaves, petioles 16–22 mm, leaf blades elliptic with the apices acute to acuminate, inflorescences 4–6.5 cm long, and calyx lobes 0.7–1.1 mm.
 The voucher cited by Simões et al. (2016) as L. baehniana is currently the type of L. verticillata. The latter species differs from the former by its elliptic leaves (vs. obovate) with the apices obtuse (vs. acute to acuminate), calyx lobes 0.7–1.1 mm (vs. 1.5–1.6 mm), and corolla tube 6.1–7 mm long (vs. 3.9–4.1 mm).
 Paratypes: BRAZIL. Bahia: Almadina, rodovia para Ibitupã, Raimundo 1129 (CEPEC, M), Minas Gerais: estação experimental de Café, Gomes 389 (BHCB, CR); estação experimental do Coronel Pacheco, Gomes 2796 (BHCB).
description: Published as part of Morales, J. Francisco & Morais, Isa Lucia De, 2018, Studies in the Neotropical Apocynaceae LII: A synopsis of Laxoplumeria with three new species, pp. 35-46 in Phytotaxa 343 (1) on page 45, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.343.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/13719245
Refractive Indices of Semiconductors from Energy gaps
Creators: name: Tripathy, S. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An empirical relation based on energy gap and refractive index data has been proposed in the present study to calculate the refractive index of semiconductors. The proposed model is then applied to binary as well as ternary semiconductors for a wide range of energy gap. Using the relation, dielectric constants of some III-V group semiconductors are calculated. The calculated values for different group of binary semiconductors, alkali halides and ternary semiconductors fairly agree with other calculations and known values over a wide range of energy gap. The temperature variation of refractive index for some binary semiconductors have been calculated.
description: 21 pages, 6 figures
Heat-charge mixed noise and thermoelectric efficiency fluctuations
Creators: name: Crépieux, A.
name: Michelini, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The close relationship between the noise and the thermoelectric conversion is studied in a quantum dot using a quantum approach based on the non-equilibrium Green function technique. We show that both the figure of merit and the efficiency can be written in term of noise and we highlight the central role played by the correlator between the charge current and the heat current that we call the mixed noise. After giving the expression of this quantity as an integral over energy, we calculate it, first in the linear response regime, next in the limit of small transmission through the barriers (Schottky regime) and finally in the intermediate regime. We discuss the notion of efficiency fluctuations and we also see here that the mixed noise comes into play.
description: Proceeding of the UPON 2015 conference
A method for evaluating the murine pulmonary vasculature using micro-computed tomography
Creators: name: Shah, Mansi
name: Faber, James E.
name: Phillips, Michael R.
name: Moore, Scott M.
name: Lee, Yueh Z.
name: McLean, Sean E.
name: Lee, Clara
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: AbstractBackgroundSignificant mortality and morbidity are associated with alterations in the pulmonary vasculature. While techniques have been described for quantitative morphometry of whole-lung arterial trees in larger animals, no methods have been described in mice. We report a method for the quantitative assessment of murine pulmonary arterial vasculature using high-resolution computed tomography scanning.MethodsMice were harvested at 2 weeks, 4 weeks, and 3 months of age. The pulmonary artery vascular tree was pressure perfused to maximal dilation with a radio-opaque casting material with viscosity and pressure set to prevent capillary transit and venous filling. The lungs were fixed and scanned on a specimen computed tomography scanner at 8-μm resolution, and the vessels were segmented. Vessels were grouped into categories based on lumen diameter and branch generation.ResultsRobust high-resolution segmentation was achieved, permitting detailed quantitation of pulmonary vascular morphometrics. As expected, postnatal lung development was associated with progressive increase in small-vessel number and arterial branching complexity.ConclusionsThese methods for quantitative analysis of the pulmonary vasculature in postnatal and adult mice provide a useful tool for the evaluation of mouse models of disease that affect the pulmonary vasculature.
Photometry of Variable Stars from THU-NAOC Transient Survey I: The First 2 Years
Creators: name: Yao, Xinyu
name: Wang, Lingzhi
name: Wang, Xiaofeng
name: Zhang, Tianmeng
name: Chen, Juncheng
name: Yuan, Wenlong
name: Mo, Jun
name: Li, Wenxiong
name: Jin, Zhiping
name: Wu, Xuefeng
name: Nie, JunDan
name: Zhou, Xu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we report the detections of stellar variabilities from the first 2-year observations of sky area of about 1300 square degrees from the Tsinghua University-NAOC Transient Survey (TNTS). A total of 1237 variable stars (including 299 new ones) were detected with brightness < 18.0 mag and magnitude variation >= 0.1 mag on a timescale from a few hours to few hundred days. Among such detections, we tentatively identified 661 RR Lyrae stars, 431 binaries, 72 Semiregular pulsators, 29 Mira stars, 11 slow irregular variables, 11 RS Canum Venaticorum stars, 7 Gamma Doradus stars, 5 long period variables, 3 W Virginis stars, 3 Delta Scuti stars, 2 Anomalous Cepheids, 1 Cepheid, and 1 nove-like star based on their time-series variability index Js and their phased diagrams. Moreover, we found that 14 RR Lyrae stars show the Blazhko effect and 67 contact eclipsing binaries exhibit the O'Connell effect. Since the period and amplitude of light variations of RR Lyrae variables depend on their chemical compositions, their photometric observations can be used to investigate distribution of metallicity along the direction perpendicular to the Galactic disk. We find that the metallicity of RR Lyrae stars shows large scatter at regions closer to the Galactic plane (e.g., -3.0 < [Fe/H] < 0) but tends to converge at [Fe/H]~ -1.7 at larger Galactic latitudes. This variation may be related to that the RRAB Lyrae stars in the Galactic halo come from globular clusters with different metallicity and vertical distances, i.e. OoI and OoII populations, favoring for the dual-halo model.
description: 18 pages, 19 figures, published in AJ, 150, 107
Echocardiography allows for analysis of pulmonary arterial flow in mice with congenital diaphragmatic hernia
Creators: name: Phillips, Michael R.
name: McLean, Sean E.
name: Quintana, Megan
name: Stupp, Gary
name: Shah, Mansi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018

description: BACKGROUND: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a structural birth defect associated with pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH). We hypothesize that echocardiography provides a method to assess real-time right ventricle (RV) function, remodeling, and pulmonary artery (PA) flow.

MATERIALS AND METHODS: Slit3 wild-type (WT) (n = 6) and knockout (KO) (n = 5) mice were analyzed at 2-3 months of age. Mice were anesthetized using isoflurane. Echocardiography was performed to analyze left and right ventricular wall thickness, internal diameter (ID), and function. Color Doppler was used to analyze flow in the PA and across the tricuspid valve.

RESULTS: There was significant RV dilation in the KO mice versus WT, with an average RVID of 1.99 mm versus 1.26 mm, respectively (P = 0.007). Flow in the PA of KO mice was altered compared to WT, with elevated PA velocity time indices, 30.68 mm versus 22.13 mm (P = 0.012), elevated PA peak velocities, 952.61 mm/s versus 628.73 mm/s (P = 0.003), and decreased pulmonary acceleration times, 8.94 ms versus 16.18 ms (P = 0.002), respectively. Pulmonary vascular resistance, calculated by measuring tricuspid regurgitation peak velocity and right ventricular outflow tract velocity time index, was increased in KO versus WT mice, 17.61 mm2/s versus 8.91 mm2/s (P = 0.003), respectively.

CONCLUSIONS: Slit3 KO mice with CDH show evidence of PAH and resultant RV dilation. Using direct cardiac puncture, elevated RV systolic pressures have been demonstrated in KO mice as evidence of PAH. Echocardiography allows direct analysis of the PA and real-time RV function without sacrifice of the mouse. This mode of evaluation allows longitudinal study in mice with PAH and CDH.
Systematic review of mobile health behavioural interventions to improve uptake of HIV testing for vulnerable and key populations
Creators: name: Maman, Suzanne
name: Jennings, Larissa
name: Handler, Lara
name: Conserve, Donaldson F
name: Aguiar, Carolina
name: Shin, Grace
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: This systematic narrative review examined the empirical evidence on the effectiveness of mobile health (mHealth) behavioral interventions designed to increase uptake of HIV testing among vulnerable and key populations.