cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Hand Washing Practices of Hispanic Women in a Community Health Setting
Creators: name: Lee, Cynthia
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Hand washing is one of the most significant ways of preventing infections (CDC, 2011). This project evaluated current hand washing practices of a group of adult Hispanic women that attended a federally qualified community health center in eastern North Carolina. This project assessed participant's hand washing practices, knowledge, attitude, and beliefs using a modified tool. Following observation of their current hand washing practice, the Centers for Disease Control's (CDC) (2014) recommended hand washing technique was taught. Approximately four weeks after the intervention, the same tool was administered via telephone, to evaluate the impact of the intervention. Data were analyzed using measures of central tendency, frequency, correlations, and regression. Sixty (n=60) Hispanic women initially participated and thirty-three (n=33) completed the telephone follow-up. Ages ranged from 18 to 79 years old with an average of 33.3 years. Thirty-three percent of the women had only an elementary education. The average household size was 4.53 people, with an average of 2 children, and 20% per were pregnant. All participants reported a household income of less than $20,000. All had lived in the United States (US) ≥ 3 years; 93% were in the US > 5 years. All participants acknowledged the use of soap for hand washing. The average time of initial hand washing was 19.68 seconds. The 2nd hand washing following education and demonstration (n=39) increased from 19.46 to 29.95 seconds: a difference of 10.49 seconds. With multiple linear regression, a statistically significant relationship was found between self-reported number of hand washes per day pre- and post-intervention with pregnancy (p= 0.007 and .01, respectively) for participants that completed the project. Hispanic women in this project had good knowledge of hand washing. Despite their low-income status and minimal formal education, they were in compliance with CDC (2014) guidelines for hand washing. Since a reported increase in hand washes of pregnant women was significant, this could assist in the prevention of infections especially within the context of maternal-infant care. This project reinforced CDC recommendations for proper hand washing to decrease disease transmission. Reinforcing their knowledge and skill encourages the continuance of proper hand hygiene.
MILO - Mobile Intelligent Linux Robot
Creators: name: Rao, Alok
name: Kumar, Satish
name: Renu, Amit
name: Gora  Nandi
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper describes the architecture of a low cost autonomous/guided mobile robot. This robot is being developed at Indian Institute of Information Technology (Allahabad, India) as a part of a research for the use of mobile robots in day-to-day life. The project is named MILO (Mobile Intelligent Linux rObot). The robot has been designed from commercial off the shelf components, thus reducing the prototype design time. The robot incorporates stereoscopic vision for long range obstacle detection and infrared proximity sensor for short range obstacle detection. The stereoscopic vision for obstacle detection utilizes laser targeting to achieve optimization in determining distances at a much lower cost than the commercially available range scanners. The robot also has a HCI (Human Computer Interface) via a multimedia interface. The control software of the robot is capable of taking voice commands from a user who has the master rights to robot. It utilizes probabilistic reasoning approach. The entire software and control firmware of the robot has been designed with an embedded approach in open-source Linux which makes it easily portable over different hardware architectures. In the firmware the kernel of Linux used was 2.6.8-1.358. Control of the robot using the video feed from the on board cameras has been achieved.
Embedding in $q$-ary $1$-perfect codes and partitions
Creators: name: Krotov, Denis S.
name: Sotnikova, Evgeniya V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 05Bxx

description: We prove that every $1$-error-correcting code over a finite field can be embedded in a $1$-perfect code of some larger length. Embedding in this context means that the original code is a subcode of the resulting $1$-perfect code and can be obtained from it by repeated shortening. Further, we generalize the results to partitions: every partition of the Hamming space into $1$-error-correcting codes can be embedded in a partition of a space of some larger dimension into $1$-perfect codes. For the partitions, the embedding length is close to the theoretical bound for the general case and optimal for the binary case. Keywords: error-correcting code, $1$-perfect code, $1$-perfect partition, embedding
description: 7 pp
Should I CARE about FAIR? Ein juristischer Blick auf Prinzipien des Forschungsdatenmanagements
Creators: name: Vettermann, Oliver
name: Petri, Grischka
Publisher: name: Baden-Baden : Nomos
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 020

description: Der Umgang mit Forschungsdaten und deren nachhaltige, langfristige Nutzung als Ziel des Forschungsdatenmanagements sind in aller Munde. Spätestens mit Beginn der Open-Data-Bewegung zeigt sich die Notwendigkeit übergeordneter Prinzipien für Forscher:innen. Beim Aufeinandertreffen von Forschenden diverser Wissenschaften und Jurist:innen erhalten die mit dem Thema eng verzahnten FAIR- und CARE-Prinzipien immer größere Bedeutung. Rechtliche Fragen sind oftmals nicht nur von einem juristischen Standpunkt, sondern auch aus einem ethischen Blickwinkel zu betrachten. Die Rechtswissenschaft verfügt aber bislang weder über eine Einordnung noch vertiefende Literatur zu diesen Prinzipien. Ziel dieses Beitrags ist daher eine Einführung in die Prinzipien selbst sowie eine erste Einordnung, um Rechtswissenschaftler:innen in inter- und multidisziplinär forschenden Projekten einen Überblick zu geben. Zugleich soll so die Brücke zwischen Nicht-Jurist:innen und Jurist:innen geschlagen werden.
The Phase Space Elementary Cell in Classical and Generalized Statistics
Creators: name: Quarati, Piero
name: Lissia, Marcello
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the past, the phase-space elementary cell of a non-quantized system was set equal to the third power of the Planck constant; in fact, it is not a necessary assumption. We discuss how the phase space volume, the number of states and the elementary-cell volume of a system of non-interacting N particles, changes when an interaction is switched on and the system becomes or evolves to a system of correlated non-Boltzmann particles and derives the appropriate expressions. Even if we assume that nowadays the volume of the elementary cell is equal to the cube of the Planck constant, h^3, at least for quantum systems, we show that there is a correspondence between different values of h in the past, with important and, in principle, measurable cosmological and astrophysical consequences, and systems with an effective smaller (or even larger) phase-space volume described by non-extensive generalized statistics.
description: 15 pages, no figures. Published in Entropy 2013, 15, 4319-4333
Additional file 4 of A systematic review of the psychosocial factors associated with pain in children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis
Creators: name: Brandelli, Yvonne N.
name: Chambers, Christine T.
name: Mackinnon, Sean P.
name: Parker, Jennifer A.
name: Huber, Adam M.
name: Stinson, Jennifer N.
name: Wildeboer, Emily M.
name: Wilson, Jennifer P.
name: Piccolo, Olivia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4. Summary of Results, Summary of results in tabular form.
Additional file 1 of Characterization of an eutherian gene cluster generated after transposon domestication identifies Bex3 as relevant for advanced neurological functions
Creators: name: Navas-Pérez, Enrique
name: Vicente-García, Cristina
name: Mirra, Serena
name: Demian Burguera
name: Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
name: Ferrán, José Luis
name: López-Mayorga, Macarena
name: Alaiz-Noya, Marta
name: Suárez-Pereira, Irene
name: Antón-Galindo, Ester
name: Ulloa, Fausto
name: Herrera-Úbeda, Carlos
name: Cuscó, Pol
name: Falcón-Moya, Rafael
name: Rodríguez-Moreno, Antonio
name: D’Aniello, Salvatore
name: Bru Cormand
name: Marfany, Gemma
name: Soriano, Eduardo
name: Carrión, Ángel M.
name: Carvajal, Jaime J.
name: Garcia-Fernàndez, Jordi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1 The Tceal7 gene is derived from the domestication of L1 retrotransposon fragments. Fig. S2 The Bex/Tceal gene cluster was established before the diversification of extant eutherians. Fig. S3 Highly diverged BEX/TCEAL proteins share a coiled coil domain. Fig. S4 BEX/TCEAL proteins might have inherited some of their structural properties from the ancestral transposon. Fig. S5 Selection pressure analyses reveal signatures of positive selection in the Bex/Tceal genes. Fig. S6 A BGW-like sequence was already present in the GLA promoter of the last therian common ancestor. Fig. S7 Bex/Tceal genes show tissue-enriched expression patterns during development. Fig. S8 Bex3 and Tceal7 genes, but not the ancestral HALEX element, induce cell proliferation in chicken neural tube. Fig. S9 The deletions introduced using CRISPR-Cas9 technology can be observed in the mRNA expressed from the Bex3 mutant alleles. Fig. S10 CRISPR-Cas9-generated Bex3 mutant alleles show subtle skull abnormalities. Fig. S11 Bex3 mutant mice show normal acoustic startle reflex. Fig. S12 Bex3 deficiency leads to aberrant mTOR signaling in the brain. Table S1 Coding genes putatively derived from transposable elements in the human and mouse genomes. Table S2 Altered expression of BEX and TCEAL genes in subjects with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia. Table S3 Enrichment of differential gene expression in BEX and TCEAL gene families in subjects with autism spectrum disorder or schizophrenia. Table S4 Primers and reconstructed gene sequences used in this work. Supplementary references.
Enthusiasts, Backup Planners, and Professionals: How College Students Approach Participation in Service Programs after Graduation
Creators: name: Gillis, Alanna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: How do college students who aspire to participate in service programs, such as Peace Corps or Teach for America, approach such participation? Previous research focuses on service programs as civic engagement while largely ignoring the transition to adulthood life course context. Using 30 in-depth interviews with juniors and seniors, I find three approaches: Enthusiasts prioritize participation as temporary and fulfilling work prior to careers. Backup Planners prefer beginning careers or graduate school but consider service programs good backup plans. Professionals view service programs as easy ways to enter their careers. While the students differ in their ability and willingness to pursue careers after graduation, all see service programs as a means to try something new, live somewhere different, and pursue personal growth before settling down into adult roles. However, class-based differences in ability to participate in these programs may have implications for graduate school, future careers, and being adrift post-college.
Effect of surface sealant on staining resistance of novel tooth-colored restorative materials
Creators: name: Naorungroj, Supawadee
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2010

description: Objective: To evaluate staining resistance of the three restorative materials (Ketac Nano: KN, Filtek Supreme: FS, and Filtek Silorane: FLS) and the influences from surface finishes (600-grit SiC, Sof-Lex: SL, and BisCover LV: BC). Methods: Specimens (n= 8) were fabricated for each group. The staining resistance was tested by immersion of specimens in a coffee solution and distilled water as a control. Total color changes (ΔE*ab) from baseline to 28 days were evaluated by computed CIE L* a* b* values. Surface topography was assessed by atomic force microscopy. Results: For KN and FS, 600-grit SiC had the highest ΔE*ab followed by SL and BC respectively. For FLS, BC had the highest ΔE*ab followed by 600-grit SiC and SL respectively. An increase of surface defects of BC was observed.Conclusions: Filtek Silorane polished with Sof-Lex provided the most color stability whereas BisCover LV improved color stability of Ketac Nano and Filtek Supreme.
Mission Failure Probability Calculations for Critical Function Mechanizations in the Automated Highway System
Creators: name: Eushiuan  Tran
name: Koopman, Philip
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reliability analysis is an important part of the Automated Highway System (AHS) research and development. In 1994, Honeywell released the “Malfunction Management Activity Area Report for AHS Health Management Precursor System Analysis” which showed a reliability analysis of the AHS vehicle system. However, the Honeywell report does not describe in detail how they arrived at their answers. In this paper, we will be providing a more detailed analysis of how Honeywell arrived at the probability of failure vs. time plots for both the different subsystems in an AHS vehicle and the overall system. Matlab programs were written to calculate system reliabilities for series and parallel systems. In performing the analysis, there were several places as stated in the paper where our answers differed from Honeywell’s answers. Because of these differences, our results and conclusions are different from Honeywell’s results and conclusions. Based on a 95% test coverage and a system failure rate limit of 1 x 10-6 failures per mission, Honeywell determined that triplex redundancy for all subsystems is necessary to meet these requirements. However, for the purposes of our study, and assuming 100% test coverage and also a system failure rate limit of 1 x 10-6 failures per mission, we determined that duplex redundancy will result in a mission time of 3.5 hours, which is still satisfactory.
Mechanistic modeling of cancer tumor growth using a porous media approach
Creators: name: Shelton, Sarah E.
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2011

description: Cancer is a disease affecting millions of people each year; and researchers and clinicians are still looking for more effective ways to prevent, detect, and treat it. Recently, mathematical modeling has emerged as a way to understand the process of tumor growth. This work involves the development of a set of equations to mechanistically represent a tumor at the macroscale, using a porous media approach. Model components include 3 solid tissue phases (host, viable tumor, and necrotic tumor) and 2 fluid phases (blood and extracellular fluid) that supply the cellular phases with nutrients required for growth. Growth and death processes are represented by mass transfer terms which are dependent on local nutrient concentrations. Selected constitutive relations are discussed and the form of the model adheres to the thermodynamically constrained averaging theory approach.
The Closest Known Flyby of a Star to the Solar System
Creators: name: Mamajek, Eric E.
name: Barenfeld, Scott A.
name: Ivanov, Valentin D.
name: Kniazev, Alexei Y.
name: Vaisanen, Petri
name: Beletsky, Yuri
name: Boffin, Henri M. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Passing stars can perturb the Oort Cloud, triggering comet showers and potentially extinction events on Earth. We combine velocity measurements for the recently discovered, nearby, low-mass binary system WISE J072003.20-084651.2 ("Scholz's star") to calculate its past trajectory. Integrating the Galactic orbits of this $\sim$0.15 M$_{\odot}$ binary system and the Sun, we find that the binary passed within only 52$^{+23}_{-14}$ kAU (0.25$^{+0.11}_{-0.07}$ parsec) of the Sun 70$^{+15}_{-10}$ kya (1$σ$ uncertainties), i.e. within the outer Oort Cloud. This is the closest known encounter of a star to our solar system with a well-constrained distance and velocity. Previous work suggests that flybys within 0.25 pc occur infrequently ($\sim$0.1 Myr$^{-1}$). We show that given the low mass and high velocity of the binary system, the encounter was dynamically weak. Using the best available astrometry, our simulations suggest that the probability that the star penetrated the outer Oort Cloud is $\sim$98%, but the probability of penetrating the dynamically active inner Oort Cloud ($
description: 4 pages, 1 figure
Comparison of ultrasonic and microwave assisted digestion methods for the determination of heavy metals in soil and sediment: The effect of seasonal variations on metal concentrations and risk assessment
Creators: name: Naicker, Kavisha
name: Mahlambi, Precious
name: Mahlambi, Mphilisi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 20199 Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This study presents the analysis of twelve trace elements in soil and sediment samples using microwave-assisted and ultrasonic-assisted digestion prior to analysis with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy. The recoveries obtained for the microwave-assisted ranged between 81–101% and 80–98% while ultrasonic-assisted recoveries were 80–108% and 79–103% for soil and sediment samples respectively. The metal concentrations obtained ranged from 0.10–355.4 mg/kg and 1.50–308.3 mg/kg in soil and sediments respectively. Most of the studied elements were below the maximum permissible limits in soil except for zinc. Both digestion methods revealed similar accuracy, indicating that both can be used for accurate determination of the target metals. However, ultrasonic-assisted digestion can be recommended as an alternative method to the conventional microwave-assisted digestion since it can successfully digest without the use of extreme temperatures and pressures, and it requires inexpensive technique. Further geo-statistical analysis for heavy metal contamination in soil and sediment were assessed. The enrichment factor and geo-accumulation index ranged between 0.1–18.9 and −2.6–2.5 respectively. The potential ecological risk index showed the overall biological hazard to be the highest at Woodhouse soil classified as risk level C (strong pollution level), indicating a need for continuous monitoring of these metals.
Certified Robustness to Word Substitution Ranking Attack for Neural Ranking Models
Creators: name: Wu, Chen
name: Zhang, Ruqing
name: Guo, Jiafeng
name: Chen, Wei
name: Fan, Yixing
name: de Rijke, Maarten
name: Cheng, Xueqi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Neural ranking models (NRMs) have achieved promising results in information retrieval. NRMs have also been shown to be vulnerable to adversarial examples. A typical Word Substitution Ranking Attack (WSRA) against NRMs was proposed recently, in which an attacker promotes a target document in rankings by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to its text. This raises concerns when deploying NRMs in real-world applications. Therefore, it is important to develop techniques that defend against such attacks for NRMs. In empirical defenses adversarial examples are found during training and used to augment the training set. However, such methods offer no theoretical guarantee on the models' robustness and may eventually be broken by other sophisticated WSRAs. To escape this arms race, rigorous and provable certified defense methods for NRMs are needed. To this end, we first define the \textit{Certified Top-$K$ Robustness} for ranking models since users mainly care about the top ranked results in real-world scenarios. A ranking model is said to be Certified Top-$K$ Robust on a ranked list when it is guaranteed to keep documents that are out of the top $K$ away from the top $K$ under any attack. Then, we introduce a Certified Defense method, named CertDR, to achieve certified top-$K$ robustness against WSRA, based on the idea of randomized smoothing. Specifically, we first construct a smoothed ranker by applying random word substitutions on the documents, and then leverage the ranking property jointly with the statistical property of the ensemble to provably certify top-$K$ robustness. Extensive experiments on two representative web search datasets demonstrate that CertDR can significantly outperform state-of-the-art empirical defense methods for ranking models.
description: Accepted by CIKM2022
Undecidability of Equality in the Free Locally Cartesian Closed Category (Extended version)
Creators: name: Castellan, Simon
name: Clairambault, Pierre
name: Dybjer, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: F.4.1; F.3.2

description: We show that a version of Martin-Löf type theory with an extensional identity type former I, a unit type N1 , Sigma-types, Pi-types, and a base type is a free category with families (supporting these type formers) both in a 1- and a 2-categorical sense. It follows that the underlying category of contexts is a free locally cartesian closed category in a 2-categorical sense because of a previously proved biequivalence. We show that equality in this category is undecidable by reducing it to the undecidability of convertibility in combinatory logic. Essentially the same construction also shows a slightly strengthened form of the result that equality in extensional Martin-Löf type theory with one universe is undecidable.
title: High-dimensional investigation of the cerebrospinal fluid to explore and monitor CNS immune responses
Creators: name: Heming, Michael Oleg
name: Börsch, Anna‑Lena
name: Wiendl, Heinz
name: Meyer zu Hörste, Gerd
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: The cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) features a unique immune cell composition and is in constant contact with the brain borders, thus permitting insights into the brain to diagnose and monitor diseases. Recently, the meninges, which are filled with CSF, were identified as a neuroimmunological interface, highlighting the potential of exploring central nervous system (CNS) immunity by studying CNS border compartments. Here, we summarize how single-cell transcriptomics of such border compartments advance our understanding of neurological diseases, the challenges that remain, and what opportunities novel multi-omic methods offer. Single-cell transcriptomics studies have detected cytotoxic CD4+ T cells and clonally expanded T and B cells in the CSF in the autoimmune disease multiple sclerosis; clonally expanded pathogenic CD8+ T cells were found in the CSF and in the brain adjacent to β-amyloid plaques of dementia patients; in patients with brain metastases, CD8+ T cell clonotypes were shared between the brain parenchyma and the CSF and persisted after therapy. We also outline how novel multi-omic approaches permit the simultaneous measurements of gene expression, chromatin accessibility, and protein in the same cells, which remain to be explored in the CSF. This calls for multicenter initiatives to create single-cell atlases, posing challenges in integrating patients and modalities across centers. While high-dimensional analyses of CSF cells are challenging, they hold potential for personalized medicine by better resolving heterogeneous diseases and stratifying patients.
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
A note on sharp one-sided bounds for the Hilbert transform
Creators: name: Strzelecki, Michał
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 31A05, 60G44 (Primary), 42A50, 42A61 (Secondary)

description: Let $\mathcal{H}^{\mathbb{T}}$ denote the Hilbert transform on the circle. The paper contains the proofs of the sharp estimates \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{2π}|\{ ξ\in\mathbb{T} : \mathcal{H}^{\mathbb{T}}f(ξ) \geq 1 \}| \leq \frac{4}π\arctan\left(\exp\left(\fracπ{2}\|f\|_1\right)\right) -1, \quad f\in L^{1}(\mathbb{T}), \end{equation*} and \begin{equation*} \frac{1}{2π}|\{ ξ\in\mathbb{T} : \mathcal{H}^{\mathbb{T}}f(ξ) \geq 1 \}| \leq \frac{\|f\|_2^2}{1+\|f\|_2^2},\quad f\in L^{2}(\mathbb{T}). \end{equation*} Related estimates for orthogonal martingales satisfying a subordination condition are also established.
description: 10 pages
Female Muslim intellectuals: understanding the history of Turkey's woman question through the construction of Islamic tradition
Creators: name: Demirhan, Ansev
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Year: 2014

description: This paper assesses how Muslim women's roles in society proved a topic of central concern for three prominent female Muslim intellectuals, Fatma Aliye (1862-1936), Halide Edip (1884-1964), and Sâmiha Ayverdi (1905-1993). Collectively spanning the course of a century, their discourses on Muslim women were indicative of the larger historical context of their time. Each individual intellectual engaged with the topic of women's societal roles and employed an Islamic framework to answer the Ottoman Empire's, and subsequently Turkey's, woman question. I argue that while each woman struggled with different historical actors and moments, all of them, through their activism and understanding of women constructed Islamic tradition in a manner that emphasized the importance of women in both the religious and sociopolitical milieu.
ВЛИЯНИЕ ХИМИЧЕСКИХ ДОБАВОК НА СВОЙСТВА ГИПСОВЫЙ НАЛИВНОЙ ПОЛ
Creators: name: Ганиев, Алижон
name: Курбанов, Завкиддинжон
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: В настоящее время ежедневный рост промышленных сооружений и жилищного строительства еще больше увеличивает потребность в строительном сырье, а также в строительных материалах.
Homotheties of a Class of Spherically Symmetric Space-Times Admitting $G_3$ as Maximal Isometry Group
Creators: name: Ahmad, Daud
name: Habib, Kashif
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The homotheties of spherically symmetric spacetimes admitting $G_4$ , $G_6$ and $G_{10}$ as maximal isometry groups are already known, whereas for the space-times admitting $G_3$ as isometry groups, the solution in the form of differential constraints on metric coefficients requires further classification. For a class of spherically symmetric space-times admitting $G_3$ as maximal isometry groups without imposing any restriction on the stress-energy tensor, the metrics along with their corresponding homotheties are found. For the one case the metric is found along with its homothety vector that satisfies an additional constraint and is illustrated with the help of an example of a metric. For another case the metric and the corresponding homothety vector are found for a subclass of spherically symmetric space-times for which the differential constraint is reduced to separable form. Stress-energy tensor and related quantities of the metrics found are given in the relevant section.
description: 09 pages
Additional file 1 of The relation of representational competence and conceptual knowledge in female and male undergraduates
Creators: name: Edelsbrunner, Peter A.
name: Malone, Sarah
name: Hofer, Sarah I.
name: Küchemann, Stefan
name: Kuhn, Jochen
name: Schmid, Roman
name: Altmeyer, Kristin
name: Brünken, Roland
name: Lichtenberger, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Virology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Detailed descriptive statistics of central study measures. Table S2. Item statistics for representational competence-test. Table S3. Item statistics for conceptual knowledge-test. Table S4. Gender-specific correlations across samples.
Additional file 4 of The COVID-19 pandemic in Norway and Sweden – threats, trust, and impact on daily life: a comparative survey
Creators: name: Helsingen, Lise M.
name: Erle Refsum
name: Dagrun Kyte Gjøstein
name: Løberg, Magnus
name: Bretthauer, Michael
name: Kalager, Mette
name: Emilsson, Louise
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 3: Appendix 2a: Questions and responses from survey performed in Norway, April 4–8, 2020. Questions rendered in Norwegian as they appeared for the study participants.
Additional file 1 of Pest status, molecular evolution, and epigenetic factors derived from the genome assembly of Frankliniella fusca, a thysanopteran phytovirus vector
Creators: name: Catto, Michael A.
name: Labadie, Paul E.
name: Jacobson, Alana L.
name: Kennedy, George G.
name: Srinivasan, Rajagopalbabu
name: Hunt, Brendan G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Integration of Reconfigurable Intelligent Surfaces in Dynamical Energy Analysis
Creators: name: Terranova, Sergio
name: Richter, Martin
name: Mohammed, Neekar M
name: Gradoni, Gabriele
name: Tanner, Gregor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces have been recently investigated for their potentials to offer significant performance improvements in the next generation wireless telecommunication systems (5G and beyond / 6G). Intelligent surfaces are programmed to control the electromagnetic propagation and obtain the desired wavefront by tuning the local reflection phase of unit elements. Predicting the electromagnetic propagation in the RIS-assisted wireless channel accurately is a significant challenge for researchers and becomes crucial for Telecom operators to properly allocate the radio resources. We propose the use of an Eulerian ray-tracing method, the Dynamical Energy Analysis (DEA), as a coverage planning tool capable of account for the EM interaction between reconfigurable intelligent surfaces and the surrounding environment. The main characteristics that make DEA suitable for this purpose are discussed and some preliminary results of the reflective surface integration within the DEA code will be presented.
Additional file 2 of Characterization of an eutherian gene cluster generated after transposon domestication identifies Bex3 as relevant for advanced neurological functions
Creators: name: Navas-Pérez, Enrique
name: Vicente-García, Cristina
name: Mirra, Serena
name: Demian Burguera
name: Noèlia Fernàndez-Castillo
name: Ferrán, José Luis
name: López-Mayorga, Macarena
name: Alaiz-Noya, Marta
name: Suárez-Pereira, Irene
name: Antón-Galindo, Ester
name: Ulloa, Fausto
name: Herrera-Úbeda, Carlos
name: Cuscó, Pol
name: Falcón-Moya, Rafael
name: Rodríguez-Moreno, Antonio
name: D’Aniello, Salvatore
name: Bru Cormand
name: Marfany, Gemma
name: Soriano, Eduardo
name: Carrión, Ángel M.
name: Carvajal, Jaime J.
name: Garcia-Fernàndez, Jordi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 2. Review history.
Dust and Gas in the Magellanic Clouds from the HERITAGE Herschel Key Project. II. Gas-to-Dust Ratio Variations across ISM Phases
Creators: name: Roman-Duval, Julia
name: Gordon, Karl
name: Meixner, Margaret
name: Bot, Caroline
name: Bolatto, Alberto D.
name: Hughes, Annie
name: Wong, Tony
name: Babler, Brian
name: Bernard, Jean-Philippe
name: Clayton, Geoffrey
name: Fukui, Yasuo
name: Galametz, Maud
name: Galliano, Frederic
name: Glover, Simon C. O.
name: Hony, Sacha
name: Israel, Frank
name: Jameson, Katherine
name: Lebouteiller, Vianney
name: Lee, Min-Young
name: Li, Aigen
name: Madden, Suzanne C.
name: Misselt, Karl
name: Montiel, Edward
name: Okumura, K.
name: Onishi, Toshikazu
name: Panuzzo, Pasquale
name: Reach, William
name: Remy-Ruyer, A
name: Robitaille, Thomas
name: Rubio, Monica
name: Sauvage, Marc
name: Seale, Jonathan
name: Sewilo, Marta
name: Staveley-Smith, Lister
name: Zhukovska, Svitlana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The spatial variations of the gas-to-dust ratio (GDR) provide constraints on the chemical evolution and lifecycle of dust in galaxies. We examine the relation between dust and gas at 10-50 pc resolution in the Large and Small Magellanic Clouds (LMC and SMC) based on Herschel far-infrared (FIR), H I 21 cm, CO, and Halpha observations. In the diffuse atomic ISM, we derive the gas-to-dust ratio as the slope of the dust-gas relation and find gas-to-dust ratios of 380+250-130 in the LMC, and 1200+1600-420 in the SMC, not including helium. The atomic-to-molecular transition is located at dust surface densities of 0.05 Mo pc-2 in the LMC and 0.03 Mo pc-2 in the SMC, corresponding to AV ~ 0.4 and 0.2, respectively. We investigate the range of CO-to-H2 conversion factor to best account for all the molecular gas in the beam of the observations, and find upper limits on XCO to be 6x1020 cm-2 K-1 km-1 s in the LMC (Z=0.5Zo) at 15 pc resolution, and 4x 1021 cm-2 K-1 km-1 s in the SMC (Z=0.2Zo) at 45 pc resolution. In the LMC, the slope of the dust-gas relation in the dense ISM is lower than in the diffuse ISM by a factor ~2, even after accounting for the effects of CO-dark H2 in the translucent envelopes of molecular clouds. Coagulation of dust grains and the subsequent dust emissivity increase in molecular clouds, and/or accretion of gas-phase metals onto dust grains, and the subsequent dust abundance (dust-to-gas ratio) increase in molecular clouds could explain the observations. In the SMC, variations in the dust-gas slope caused by coagulation or accretion are degenerate with the effects of CO-dark H2. Within the expected 5--20 times Galactic XCO range, the dust-gas slope can be either constant or decrease by a factor of several across ISM phases. Further modeling and observations are required to break the degeneracy between dust grain coagulation, accretion, and CO-dark H2.
Minimal Fixturing of Frictionless Assemblies: Complexity and Algorithms
Creators: name: Baraff, David
name: Mattikalli, Raju
name: Khosla, Pradeep
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In many assembly tasks, it is necessary to insure the stability of a subcollection of contacting objects. To achieve stability, it is often necessary to introduce fixture elements (also called “fingers” in some work) to help hold objects in place. In this paper, the complexity of stabilizing multiple contacting bodies with the fewest number of fixture elements possible is considered. Standard fixture elements of the type explored in previous single-object grasping work are considered, along with two generalized fixture element variants. The types of stability considered are: form-closure (complete immobility of the assembly); stability with respect to a specific external force and torque on each body; and stability in the neighborhood of a specific external force and torque on each body. The major result is that for most of the combinations of fixture element varieties, and types of stability considered, achieving an optimal solution (that is, finding a smallest set of fixture elements yielding stability) is NP-hard. However, for many fixturing problems it seems likely that suboptimal, yet acceptably small solutions can be found in polynomial time, and some candidate algorithms are presented.
Yields of neutron-rich nuclei by actinide photofission in giant dipole resonance region
Creators: name: Bhowmick, Debasis
name: Atta, Debasis
name: Basu, D. N.
name: Chakrabarti, Alok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photofission of actinides is studied in the region of nuclear excitation energies that covers the entire giant dipole resonance (GDR) region. A comparative analysis of the behavior of the symmetric and asymmetric modes of photon induced fission as a function of the average excitation energy of the fissioning nucleus is performed. The mass distributions of $^{238}$U photofission fragments are obtained at the endpoint bremsstrahlung energy of 29.1 MeV which corresponds to mean photon energy of 13.7$\pm$0.3 MeV that coincides with GDR peak for $^{238}$U photofission. The integrated yield of $^{238}$U photofission as well as charge distribution of photofission products are calculated and its role in the production of neutron-rich nuclei and their exoticity is explored.
description: 6 pages including 4 figures and 2 tables; Table-II & Fig.-4 corrected in this version
Quantum redirection of antenna absorption to photosynthetic reaction centres
Creators: name: Caycedo-Soler, Felipe
name: Schroeder, Christopher A.
name: Autenrieth, Caroline
name: Pick, Arne
name: Ghosh, Robin
name: Huelga, Susana F.
name: Plenio, Martin B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The early steps of photosynthesis involve the photo-excitation of reaction centres (RCs) and light-harvesting (LH) units. Here, we show that the --historically overlooked-- excitonic delocalisation across RC and LH pigments results in a redistribution of dipole strengths that benefits the absorption cross section of the optical bands associated with the RC of several species. While we prove that this redistribution is robust to the microscopic details of the dephasing between these units in the purple bacterium Rhodospirillum rubrum, we are able to show that the redistribution witnesses a more fragile, but persistent, coherent population dynamics which directs excitations from the LH towards the RC units under incoherent illumination and physiological conditions. Stochastic optimisation allows us to delineate clear guidelines and develop simple analytic expressions, in order to achieve directed coherent population dynamics in artificial nano-structures.
description: 16 pages, Main text and Supplementary Information, 8 figures
Modeling and Verifying Circuits Using Generalized Relative Timing
Creators: name: Sanjit A. Seshia
name: Bryant, Randal
name: Stevens, Kenneth S.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose a novel technique for modeling and verifying
timed circuits based on the notion of generalized relative
timing. Generalized relative timing constraints can express
not just a relative ordering between events, but also
some forms of metric timing constraints. Circuits modeled
using generalized relative timing constraints are formally
encoded as timed automata. Novel fully symbolic verification
algorithms for timed automata are then used to either
verify a temporal logic property or to check conformance
against an untimed specification. The combination
of our new modeling technique with fully symbolic verification
methods enables us to verify larger circuits than has
been possible with other approaches. We present case studies
to demonstrate our approach, including a self-timed circuit
used in the integer unit of the Intel Pentium 4 processor.
Influence of organic inputs with mineral fertilizer on maize yield and soil microbial biomass dynamics in different seasons in a tropical acrisol
Creators: name: Omari, Richard Ansong
name: Sarkodee Addo, Elsie
name: Matey, David Martei
name: Fujii, Yoshiharu
name: Okazaki, Shin
name: Oikawa, Yosei
name: Sonoko Bellingrath-Kimura, Dorothea
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Carbon
subject: Chemical fertilizer
subject: Maize
subject: Nitrogen
subject: Organic input quality
subject: Soil microbial biomass
subject: Yield interactive effects
subject: 630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Introduction The practice of co-applying chemical fertilizers (CF) with organic inputs (OIs) as a soil amendment is still low in Ghana, although it has the potential to improve crop yield and soil productivity. Objectives In a two-year study, we evaluated the effects of co-applying contrasting OIs with and without CF on maize yield and soil chemical and microbial composition. Methods Aboveground biomasses of Centrosema pubescens (CEN), Pueraria phaseoloides (PUE), and Zea mays (MZE) were amended to an acrisol at 4 t ha−1 season−1. The combined treatments (CEN+, PUE+, and MZE+) were fertilized with basal NPK 15:15:15 at 40 kg N ha−1, followed by topdressing with [(NH4)2SO4] at 50 kg N ha−1. Sole OI inputs (CEN, PUE, and MZE) did not receive any CF inputs. The controls (CON− and CON+) received 0 and 90 kg N ha−1 season−1. Results The results showed that either sole OIs except for MZE or its combination with CF improved grain yield compared to the CON. Grain yield ranged from 2.1 t ha−1 to 2.6 t ha−1 in the first season versus 0.8 t ha−1 to 1.7 t ha−1 in the second. The MZE+ and CEN+ treatments showed the highest mean grain yields and were similar to CON+. Although CF addition to OIs improved grain yield in all treatments, negative interaction was observed for CEN and PUE as opposed to a positive interaction in the MZE treatment. Co-application of CF with OIs on dissolved organic carbon and nitrogen (DOC) and (EON) dynamics depended on seasonal soil moisture and sampling time. Moreover, co-application of CF with OIs enhanced microbial biomass in CEN but showed minimal and suppressive effects on MZE and PUE amendments, respectively. Conclusion Overall, the increased grain yield in MZE+, CEN+ and CON+ was attributable primarily to the CF addition. Thus, long term evaluations are recommended for sustainable utilization of MZE and CEN given their minimal responses in the short term in the presence of CFs.
Multi-Agent Gesture Interpretation for Robotic Cable Harnessing
Creators: name: Voyles, Richard M.
name: Khosla, Pradeep
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 80399 Computer Software not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Gesture-Based Programming is our paradigm to ease the burden of programming robots. It is an extension of the human demonstration approach that includes encapsulated expertise to guide subtask segmentation and robust real-time execution. A variety of human gestures must be recognized to provide a useful and intuitive interface for the human demonstrator. While the full gesture-based programming environment has not yet been realized, this paper describes a multi-modal gesture recognition system that embodies many of the necessary elements to achieve true gesture-based programming. It begins with recognition of the gestures of a human demonstrating a trajectory. The execution agents then try to repeat the trajectory while observing corrective gestures from the teacher. Similar multi-agent networks are used for both training and execution.
Curved Spacetimes and Curved Graphene: a status report of the Weyl-symmetry approach
Creators: name: Iorio, Alfredo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is a status report about the ongoing work on the realization of quantum field theory on curved graphene spacetimes that uses Weyl symmetry. The programme is actively pursued from many different perspectives. Here we point to what has been done, and to what needs to be done.
description: 82 pages, 19 figures; review. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1308.0265
LibertyMFD: A Lexicon to Assess the Moral Foundation of Liberty
Creators: name: Araque, Oscar
name: Gatti, Lorenzo
name: Kalimeri, Kyriaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Quantifying the moral narratives expressed in the user-generated text, news, or public discourses is fundamental for understanding individuals' concerns and viewpoints and preventing violent protests and social polarisation. The Moral Foundation Theory (MFT) was developed to operationalise morality in a five-dimensional scale system. Recent developments of the theory urged for the introduction of a new foundation, the Liberty Foundation. Being only recently added to the theory, there are no available linguistic resources to assess whether liberty is present in text corpora. Given its importance to current social issues such as the vaccination debate, we propose two data-driven approaches, deriving two candidate lexicons generated based on aligned documents from online news sources with different worldviews. After extensive experimentation, we contribute to the research community a novel lexicon that assesses the liberty moral foundation in the way individuals with contrasting viewpoints express themselves through written text. The LibertyMFD dictionary can be a valuable tool for policymakers to understand diverse viewpoints on controversial social issues such as vaccination, abortion, or even uprisings, as they happen and on a large scale.
description: GoodIT '22: Proceedings of the 2022 ACM Conference on Information Technology for Social Good. GoodIT'22, September 7-9, 2022, Limassol, Cyprus
"They Gave the Children China Dolls": Toys and Enslaved Childhoods on American Plantations
Creators: name: Betti, Colleen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: The lives of enslaved children are often overlooked in archaeological studies of plantation life and historical discussions of changes in how children were viewed in American society. Using children’s toys from fifty-two slavery related archaeological sites from the United States in the Digital Archaeological Archive of Comparative Slavery (DAACS), I argue that enslaved children were included within the larger shifts in the ideas surrounding childhood that occurred between the early 18th and mid-19th centuries. This analysis of the types of toys and changes in the amount and types of toys over the 18th and 19th centuries on plantation sites, shows that toys given to enslaved children by white slave owners, and potentially enslaved parents, provided an important source of gendered socialization and are evidence of the inclusion of enslaved children within larger societal shifts in the meaning of childhood.