cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measurements of observables sensitive to colour reconnection in $t\bar{t}$ events with the ATLAS detector at $\sqrt{s}=13$ TeV
Creators: name: ATLAS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A measurement of observables sensitive to effects of colour reconnection in top-quark pair-production events is presented using 139 fb$^{-1}$ of 13$\,$TeV proton-proton collision data collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC. Events are selected by requiring exactly one isolated electron and one isolated muon with opposite charge and two or three jets, where exactly two jets are required to be $b$-tagged. For the selected events, measurements are presented for the charged-particle multiplicity, the scalar sum of the transverse momenta of the charged particles, and the same scalar sum in bins of charged-particle multiplicity. These observables are unfolded to the stable-particle level, thereby correcting for migration effects due to finite detector resolution, acceptance and efficiency effects. The particle-level measurements are compared with different colour reconnection models in Monte Carlo generators. These measurements disfavour some of the colour reconnection models and provide inputs to future optimisation of the parameters in Monte Carlo generators.
description: 75 pages in total, author list starting page 58, 19 figures, 8 tables, submitted to Eur. Phys. J. C. All figures including auxiliary figures are available at https://atlas.web.cern.ch/Atlas/GROUPS/PHYSICS/PAPERS/TOPQ-2019-01/
A Cosmic ALP Background and the Cluster Soft X-ray Excess in A665, A2199 and A2255
Creators: name: Powell, Andrew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It has been proposed that an excess in soft X-ray emission observed from many galaxy clusters can be explained by conversion into photons of axion-like particles (ALPs) in the cluster's magnetic field. Previously it has been shown that conversion of this primordially-generated background of relativistic ALPs---a cosmic ALP background (CAB)---can explain the observed soft X-ray excess in both the centre and the outskirts of the Coma cluster. Here we extend this work to the three clusters A665, A2199 and A2255. We use a stochastic model of the cluster magnetic field to numerically calculate ALP-photon conversion probabilities to predict the CAB-generated soft X-ray flux in these clusters. We compare this flux to ROSAT PSPC observations of the three clusters, and use these observations to constrain the CAB parameter space. We find the CAB can reproduce the magnitude of the observed excess in A2199 and A2255 for the same CAB parameters that match the observed soft excess in the Coma cluster. We also find good fit to the morphology of the excesses in these clusters. Simulation of CAB conversion in the cluster A665 is in mild tension with the other clusters due to producing a small but observable excess at large radii where none is observed. This tension is alleviated considering the uncertainty on predicting the count rate in the ROSAT detector, and on the systematics affecting the magnetic field determination. Overall we find good agreement between the CAB parameters for the four clusters studied so far.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures
PipeRench: A Reconfigurable Architecture and Compiler
Creators: name: Goldstein, Seth C.
name: Schmit, Herman
name: Budiu, Mihai
name: Srihari  Cadambi
name: Moe, Matt
name: R. Reed Taylor
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the proliferation of highly specialized embedded computer systems has come a diversification of workloads for computing devices. General-purpose processors are struggling to efficiently meet these applications' disparate needs, and custom hardware is rarely feasible. According to the authors, reconfigurable computing, which combines the flexibility of general-purpose processors with the efficiency of custom hardware, can provide the alternative. PipeRench and its associated compiler comprise the authors' new architecture for reconfigurable computing. Combined with a traditional digital signal processor, microcontroller or general-purpose processor, PipeRench can support a system's various computing needs without requiring custom hardware. The authors describe the PipeRench architecture and how it solves some of the pre-existing problems with FPGA architectures, such as logic granularity, configuration time, forward compatibility, hard constraints and compilation time
The Impact Of Active Chest Tube Clearance Technology On Surgical Outcomes After Cardiac Surgery: An Updated Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis
Creators: name: Ahmad, Basil
name: Yogathasan, Vithusha
name: Meng, Eric
name: Khoury, William
name: M. Alakhtar, Ali
name: Fernandez, Angel-Luis
name: El-Diasty, Mohammad
Publisher: name: Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery
Year: 2023

description: Objective: Active chest tube clearance technology (ACT) systems were introduced to improve the patency of chest tubes and to reduce the potential complications associated with inadequate mediastinal blood drainage after cardiac surgical procedures. The purpose of this study is to assess the impact of ACT on the incidence of chest tube clogging, retained blood syndromes (RBS), re-exploration for bleeding, and the incidence of postoperative atrial fibrillation (POAF) after cardiac surgical procedures. Methods: A database search was conducted using Medline, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science. Only articles comparing the use of ACT to conventional chest tube drainage after cardiac surgery were screened. Included articles were restricted to adult patients and English language only. Results: Nine of the 841 articles screened were included in this review. Two studies were randomized controlled trials (RCT) and seven were observational studies. Pooled estimates showed RBS, surgical re-exploration rates, and POAF were significantly less common in the ACT group. Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggests that the use of ACT may be beneficial in reducing the incidence of postoperative complications associated with inadequate drainage of mediastinal blood after cardiac surgery. However, more robust evidence is required to endorse these findings and support the routing use of ACT in clinical practice.
description: Portuguese Journal of Cardiac Thoracic and Vascular Surgery, Vol. 30 No. 3 (2023): Jul-Sep
Forma ciliata L.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: G. ciliata L. Cat. 256und 429. Bis 2200m. l: Ob St-Gingolph und Bouveret (J.); im Val d'Illiez auch bei Troistorrents (Defago), Val-d'Illiez, Ântème und Barme (alles: Mariétan); Les Giètes bei St-Maurice (Mariétan); Bois Noir (idem); Col du Jorat, 2100 m (Oberson); Van; Emaney; Emosson (alles: Coquoz); La Forclaz (Melly); Berge von Outre-Rhone, bis 2200 m (Gams). - 2: Branson (J.); Berge ob Fully und Saillon (Gams); Ovronnaz (Mariétan); Montana (Mantz). - 3:Le Fay ob Sembrancher (Melly); Col du Tronc ob Volleges (Melly, Closuit); ob Le Chäble (Miller) und Vasevay (Mariétan) im Val de Bagnes; Martigny-Riddes (J.); Alpen von Riddes (J.); Vernamiege (Pannatier); Singline bei Zinal (Marietan); Pfynwald (Mantz); Visp-Stalden (A. Keller); Zeneggen (Stebler); Törbel (idem); Täsch (Wolf); Stalden-Saas-Grund (A. Keller). - 4: Binntal: Binn (P.), Saflischtal zwischen Rufibord und Sick,1850m (Becherer). Forma alpina Hegetschw. - Mehrfach angegeben. Forma multiflora Gaudin - 3: Riddes (Besse und Beauverd). Forma debilis Beauverd et Besse- Desgleichen.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
Spatial Stimuli Gradient Sketch Model
Creators: name: Mathew, Joshin John
name: James, Alex Pappachen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The inability of automated edge detection methods inspired from primal sketch models to accurately calculate object edges under the influence of pixel noise is an open problem. Extending the principles of image perception i.e. Weber-Fechner law, and Sheperd similarity law, we propose a new edge detection method and formulation that use perceived brightness and neighbourhood similarity calculations in the determination of robust object edges. The robustness of the detected edges is benchmark against Sobel, SIS, Kirsch, and Prewitt edge detection methods in an example face recognition problem showing statistically significant improvement in recognition accuracy and pixel noise tolerance.
description: accepted for publication in IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 2015
title: Low Reynolds number performance of a NACA 0015 and a GA(W)-1 aerofoil
Creators: name: Kokkodis, George
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1987
Subjects: subject: Aerospace engineering, mechanics, fluid mechanics.

description: Due to the recent interest in a wide variety of low Reynolds number applications such as mini RPV's, wind tubrine fans, sailplanes etc., attention has been focused on the evaluation of efficient airfoil sections at chord Reynolds numbers from about 50,000 to about 1,000,00. In this experimental study, the low Reynolds number aerodynamic characteristics of two airfoil sections, namely the NASA GA(W)-1 and NACA-0015 were examined. These were compared to the ones obtained from previous investigations for the GU25-5(11)8 airfoil section. The airfoils were tested in the Reynolds number range from about 50,000 to about 500,000 and for incidences of 0 to 22. An automated pressure measuring system was developed to improve the speed and facilitate the measurements of pressures around the airfoil sections. The pressure measurements were converted to pressure coefficients and these were in turn integrated to provide normal force and pitching moment coefficients. Oil flow visualisation was used to obtain a better picture of the different flow phenomena around the airfoil sections. It proved to be an essential tool for obtaining information about the different flow fields which occur around the airfoil models when these were not apparent by pressure distributions. Many of the significant aerodynamic problems which occur in this low Reynolds number regime such as the creation and behaviour of laminar separation bubbles and the extreme sensitivity of the boundary layer to the test environment (i.e. free stream turbulence level, mechanical vibrations and noise levels) were highlighted. Significant differences were found in the behaviour of the boundary layer and subsequently in the aerodynamic characteristics of the three airfoil sections. This resulted in marginal differences as far as the Reynolds number operational range is concerned.
$U_A(1)$ symmetry restoration at high baryon density
Creators: name: Li, Jianing
name: Gui, Jin
name: Zhuang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the relation between chiral and $U_A(1)$ symmetries in the quark-meson model. Although quarks and mesons are described in mean field approximation, the topological susceptibility characterizing the $U_A(1)$ breaking comprises two components: one controlled by the condensate and the other by the meson fluctuation. The $U_A(1)$ restoration is governed by the competition of these components. In a hot medium, the condensates melt. However, the fluctuation is enhanced. Therefore, the $U_A(1)$ symmetry cannot be solely restored via the temperature effect. Nevertheless, the baryon density reduces the condensates and fluctuation, and thereby, the $U_A(1)$ symmetry can only be restored in a dense or dense and hot medium. The strange condensate plays a weak role in the susceptibility, and the chiral and $U_A(1)$ symmetry restorations occur almost at the same critical point.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures. Published version
An Exploration of Double Diffusive Convection in Jupiter as a Result of Hydrogen-Helium Phase Separation
Creators: name: Nettelmann, N.
name: Fortney, J. J.
name: Moore, K.
name: Mankovich, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Jupiter's atmosphere has been observed to be depleted in helium (Yatm~0.24), suggesting active helium sedimentation in the interior. This is accounted for in standard Jupiter structure and evolution models through the assumption of an outer, He-depleted envelope that is separated from the He-enriched deep interior by a sharp boundary. Here we aim to develop a model for Jupiter's inhomogeneous thermal evolution that relies on a more self-consistent description of the internal profiles of He abundance, temperature, and heat flux. We make use of recent numerical simulations on H/He demixing, and on layered (LDD) and oscillatory (ODD) double diffusive convection, and assume an idealized planet model composed of a H/He envelope and a massive core. A general framework for the construction of interior models with He rain is described. Despite, or perhaps because of, our simplifications made we find that self-consistent models are rare. For instance, no model for ODD convection is found. We modify the H/He phase diagram of Lorenzen et al. to reproduce Jupiter's atmospheric helium abundance and examine evolution models as a function of the LDD layer height, from those that prolong Jupiter's cooling time to those that actually shorten it. Resulting models that meet the luminosity constraint have layer heights of about 0.1-1 km, corresponding to ~10,-20,000 layers in the rain zone between ~1 and 3-4.5 Mbars. Present limitations and directions for future work are discussed, such as the formation and sinking of He droplets.
description: accepted to MNRAS, 21 pages, 17 figures
title: Scottish Bronze Age food vessel corpus: a new materialist re-evaluation
Creators: name: Innes, Marta
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2020

description: Food Vessels, which are recognised as a distinct Bronze Age ceramic type, are found throughout the British Isles, dating to between c.2200-c.1700 BCE. The category comprises a morphologically and contextually varied group of vessels, which are broadly defined in contrast to other Bronze Age ceramics and grouped together through the conventionally assumed shared tradition of use and formal affinity. Over 550 Food Vessels are known from Scotland, but there has been no comprehensive examination of the entire corpus to date, and the analysis of the material is generally limited to normative formal typologies, or overarching narratives on the socio-cultural symbolism of the tradition. As such, the Scottish Food Vessel corpus presents a long neglected and little utilised analytical arena, perfectly suited for exploring the opportunities of a novel interpretative approach. The key aim of this thesis is therefore to collate and re-evaluate the complete assemblage of Scottish Bronze Age Food Vessels, producing a reference database of the corpus, and utilising a relational new materialist approach with an assemblage focus to challenge the traditional unilateral interpretations and effectively de-code conventional Food Vessel conceptualisations. These aims are addressed through a relational attribute analysis and a multiscalar approach, investigating examples of single pots, specific sites, and different artefact corpora, to critically examine the nested processes behind formal and contextual similarity and difference within the sample. Focusing on the actively referential and collective processes involved in the manufacture and performance of Food Vessels, this study challenges monocausal explanations of direct and socio-culturally specific origins of ceramic or depositional attributes, in order to appreciate the fluid meaning that is actively negotiated in the making and enactment of the pots, and which emerges from the meshwork of relationships between their various constituting elements. Effectively, this thesis argues that Food Vessel pot- and site-assemblages are inherently unstable and fluid phenomena, rather than fixed categories of meaning, and the Food Vessel corpus assemblage is not a clearly bounded category defined by a stable package of attributes, but one with fuzzy boundaries. The results of this research demonstrate that a new materialist perspective and an assemblage approach supported by relational attribute recording practice, provide a more nuanced interpretation of continuity and variation within the Food Vessel corpus. Moreover, the approach developed here, not only represents a contribution to the study of Food Vessels, but also provides a fresh avenue of investigation that can facilitate novel analyses and new understanding of prehistoric ceramics in general.
Constrained Optimization via Quantum Zeno Dynamics
Creators: name: Herman, Dylan
name: Shaydulin, Ruslan
name: Sun, Yue
name: Chakrabarti, Shouvanik
name: Hu, Shaohan
name: Minssen, Pierre
name: Rattew, Arthur
name: Yalovetzky, Romina
name: Pistoia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Constrained optimization problems are ubiquitous in science and industry. Quantum algorithms have shown promise in solving optimization problems, yet none of the current algorithms can effectively handle arbitrary constraints. We introduce a technique that uses quantum Zeno dynamics to solve optimization problems with multiple arbitrary constraints, including inequalities. We show that the dynamics of quantum optimization can be efficiently restricted to the in-constraint subspace on a fault-tolerant quantum computer via repeated projective measurements, requiring only a small number of auxiliary qubits and no post-selection. Our technique has broad applicability, which we demonstrate by incorporating it into the quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) and variational quantum circuits for optimization. We evaluate our method numerically on portfolio optimization problems with multiple realistic constraints and observe better solution quality and higher in-constraint probability than state-of-the-art techniques. We implement a proof-of-concept demonstration of our method on the Quantinuum H1-2 quantum processor.
Additional file 6 of Integrative analysis of a novel super-enhancer-associated lncRNA prognostic signature and identifying LINC00945 in aggravating glioma progression
Creators: name: Yang, Zhihao
name: Zheng, Yinfei
name: Wu, Haoyuan
name: Xie, Han
name: Zhao, Jiajia
name: Chen, Zhigang
name: Li, Lianxin
name: Yue, Xiaoyu
name: Zhao, Bing
name: Bian, Erbao
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 6: Table S1 Clinic-pathological characteristics of 12 glioma patients. Table S2 Primer pairs used for enhancer regions in ChIP-qPCR and performing RT-qPCR.
Entwicklung des DGS Feedback-Systems
Creators: name: Matthes, Silke
name: Hanke, Thomas
name: König, Susanne
name: Langer, Gabriele
Publisher: name: Universität Hamburg
Year: 2014

description: Internal working paper for work package 07 “Grundwortschatz / Basic Vocabulary“ produced in the DGS-Korpus project.
title: Construction and representation of identities in football museums: a comparative study
Creators: name: Yang, Jing
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2015

description: This thesis aims at providing a cross-cultural study of how football museums represent and construct identities, both collective and personal. The research is based on a multi-sited ethnography at selected football museums in the UK, Germany, and China, employing participant observation, photographic recording and online research methods. This investigation sharpens an anthropological awareness of constructions of multiple layered identities by examining football museums’ exhibiting practices and activity programmes, as well as their built environments and cultural settings. The research also offers a perspective on museum visitors, who consume football museums with diverse personal and collective identity claims. Looking into the largely under-explored terrain of football museums, this research joins continuing anthropological efforts to understand identity work while also exploring continuing tensions inherent in a marriage between museums and football. The thesis contributes to the research field of football/sports museums with an ethnographic emphasis and a cross-cultural range.
Placement of Sound Sources In The Stereo Field Using Measured Room Impulse Responses
Creators: name: Haines, William D.
name: Vernon, Jesse R.
name: Dannenberg, Roger B.
name: Driessen, Peter F.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Reverberation can be simulated by convolving dry instrument signals with physically
measured impulse response data. Such reverberation effects have recently become commonplace;
however, current techniques apply a single effect to an entire ensemble, and then
separate individual instruments in the stereo field via panning. By measuring impulse response
data from each desired instrument location, it is possible to place instruments in the stereo field
using their unique early reflection and reverberation patterns without panning. A pilot study
compares the perceived quality of dry signals convolved to stereo center, convolved to stereo
center and panned to desired placement, and convolved with measured impulse responses to
simulate placement. The results of a single blind study show a preference for location-based
(as opposed to panning-based) reverberation effects.
Resolution of the canonical fiber metrics for a Lefschetz fibration
Creators: name: Melrose, Richard
name: Zhu, Xuwen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We consider the family of constant curvature fiber metrics for a Lefschetz fibration with regular fibers of genus greater than one. A result of Obitsu and Wolpert is refined by showing that on an appropriate resolution of the total space, constructed by iterated blow-up, this family is log-smooth, i.e. polyhomogeneous with integral powers but possible multiplicities, at the preimage of the singular fibers in terms of parameters of size comparable to the logarithm of the length of the shrinking geodesic.
Open Problems in Efficient Semi-Supervised PAC Learning
Creators: name: Avrim  Blum
name: Maria-Florina  Balcan
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The standard PAC model focuses on learning a class of functions from labeled examples, where the two critical resources are the number of examples needed and running time. In many natural learning problems, however, unlabeled data can be obtained much more cheaply than labeled data. This has motivated the notion of semi-supervised learning, in which algorithms attempt to use this cheap unlabeled data in a way that (hopefully) reduces the number of labeled examples needed for learning [4]. For instance, semi-supervised and transductive SVM [2,5] and co-training [3] are two examples of semi-supervised learning algorithms. In [1], a semi-supervised PAC model is introduced that provides a common framework for the kinds of assumptions these algorithms make; however, most of the results in [1] deal with sample complexity rather than computational efficiency, or are only computationally efficient under strong assumptions on the underlying distribution. This note poses several questions related to developing computationally efficient algorithms in this semi-supervised PAC model.
Examples and patterns on quadratic Lie algebras
Creators: name: Benito, Pilar
name: Roldán-López, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B05

description: A Lie algebra is said to be quadratic if it admits a symmetric invariant and non-degenerated bilinear form. Semisimple algebras with the Killing form are examples of these algebras, while orthogonal subspaces provide abelian quadatric algebras. The class of quadratic algebras is outsize, but at first sight it is not clear weather an algebra is quadratic. Some necessary structural conditions appear due to the existence of an invariant form forces elemental patterns. Along the paper we overview classical features and constructions on this topic and focus on the existence and constructions of local quadratic.
Will absence of GPAT1 improve diet-induced atherosclerosis in ApoE heterozygous mice?
Creators: name: Wu, Pei-Chi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: This thesis separated into two parts. The first part examined how the lack of GPAT affects atherosclerosis that depends on a western diet. The second part examined whether the lack of GPAT does ameliorates the atherosclerosis developing on an atherogenic diet. In the first part, we fed ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice and ApoE+/- mice on western diet for 4 months. We found that ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice and ApoE+/- mice did not develop atherosclerotic lesions after 4 months of western diet. ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice had lower serum cholesterol, hepatic triacylglycerol and body weight than ApoE+/- mice. We could not conclude that ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice could improve atherosclerosis. In the second experiment, we fed ApoE+/- and ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/-mice an atherogenic diet (15.8% fat, 1.25% cholesterol, 0.5% cholate) for 90 days. We wanted to see if ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice improve the diet-induced atherosclerosis on these ApoE+/-mice. We found out the ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice increased their serum cholesterol and VLDL-cholesterol compared to ApoE+/- mice. The atherosclerotic lesion sizes of ApoE+/-/GPAT1-/- mice and ApoE+/- mice were similar. We concluded that the absence of GPAT could not improve the diet-induced atherosclerosis.
Stellar mixing length theory with entropy rain
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The effects of a non-gradient flux term originating from the motion of convective elements with entropy perturbations of either sign are investigated and incorporated into a modified version of stellar mixing length theory (MLT). Such a term, first studied by Deardorff in the meteorological context, might represent the effects of cold intense downdrafts caused by the rapid cooling in the granulation layer at the top of the convection zone of late-type stars. Such intense downdrafts were first seen in the strongly stratified simulations of Stein & Nordlund in the late 1980s. These downdrafts transport heat nonlocally, a phenomenon referred to as entropy rain. Moreover, the Deardorff term can cause upward enthalpy transport even in a weakly Schwarzschild-stably stratified layer. In that case, no giant cell convection would be excited. This is interest in view of recent observations, which could be explained if the dominant flow structures were of small scale even at larger depths. To study this possibility, three distinct flow structures are examined: one in which convective structures have similar size and mutual separation at all depths, one in which the separation increases with depth, but their size is still unchanged, and one in which both size and separation increase with depth, which is the standard flow structure. It is concluded that the third possibility with fewer and thicker downdrafts in deeper layers remains most plausible, but it may be unable to explain the suspected absence of large-scale flows with speeds and scales expected from MLT.
description: 19 pages, 9 figures, Astrophysical J. (in press)
title: Evolutionary training and abstraction yields algorithmic generalization of neural computers
Creators: name: Tanneberg, Daniel
name: Rueckert, Elmar
name: Peters, Jan
Publisher: name: Springer
Year: 2023

description: A key feature of intelligent behaviour is the ability to learn abstract strategies that scale and transfer to unfamiliar problems. An abstract strategy solves every sample from a problem class, no matter its representation or complexity—similar to algorithms in computer science. Neural networks are powerful models for processing sensory data, discovering hidden patterns and learning complex functions, but they struggle to learn such iterative, sequential or hierarchical algorithmic strategies. Extending neural networks with external memories has increased their capacities to learn such strategies, but they are still prone to data variations, struggle to learn scalable and transferable solutions, and require massive training data. We present the neural Harvard computer, a memory-augmented network-based architecture that employs abstraction by decoupling algorithmic operations from data manipulations, realized by splitting the information flow and separated modules. This abstraction mechanism and evolutionary training enable the learning of robust and scalable algorithmic solutions. On a diverse set of 11 algorithms with varying complexities, we show that the neural Harvard computer reliably learns algorithmic solutions with strong generalization and abstraction, achieves perfect generalization and scaling to arbitrary task configurations and complexities far beyond seen during training, and independence of the data representation and the task domain.
Planning in the JAVELIN QA system
Creators: name: Hiyakumoto, Laurie S.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "The Planner Module of the JAVELIN Question-Answering system is responsible for sequencing actions in the question-answering process and controlling their execution. This document describes the current implementation of the Planner Module based on the PlExIS (Planning and Execution for Information Spaces) planner, the protocols it uses to communicate with the rest of JAVELIN, and the model of the question-answering process on which planning and execution is based. Instructions for installing and testing the server are provided, along with a brief discussion of future research directions."
Portable utilities for Common Lisp user guide & implementation notes
Creators: name: Kantrowitz, Mark
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "One of the most frequent complaints in the Lisp community is the lack of availability of programming tools. This document describes portable implementations of six tools for the development and maintenance of Common Lisp programs: XREF, a Lisp code cross referencer; METERING, a timing and consing code profiler; DEFSYSTEM, a 'make' for Lisp; LOGICAL-PATHNAMES, portable pathnames for Lisp; SOURCE-COMPARE, a 'diff' for Lisp; and USER-MANUAL, a program which extracts documentation for Lisp programs. All six tools are publicly available via anonymous ftp."
Signal Structure of the Starlink Ku-Band Downlink
Creators: name: Humphreys, Todd E.
name: Iannucci, Peter A.
name: Komodromos, Zacharias
name: Graff, Andrew M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We develop a technique for blind signal identification of the Starlink downlink signal in the 10.7 to 12.7 GHz band and present a detailed picture of the signal's structure. Importantly, the signal characterization offered herein includes the exact values of synchronization sequences embedded in the signal that can be exploited to produce pseudorange measurements. Such an understanding of the signal is essential to emerging efforts that seek to dual-purpose Starlink signals for positioning, navigation, and timing, despite their being designed solely for broadband Internet provision.
Additional file 2 of Clinical decision support to Optimize Care of patients with Atrial Fibrillation or flutter in the Emergency department: protocol of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized pragmatic trial (O’CAFÉ trial)
Creators: name: Vinson, David R.
name: Rauchwerger, Adina S.
name: Karadi, Chandu A.
name: Shan, Judy
name: Warton, E. Margaret
name: Zhang, Jennifer Y.
name: Ballard, Dustin W.
name: Mark, Dustin G.
name: Hofmann, Erik R.
name: Cotton, Dale M.
name: Durant, Edward J.
name: Lin, James S.
name: Sax, Dana R.
name: Poth, Luke S.
name: Gamboa, Stephen H.
name: Ghiya, Meena S.
name: Kene, Mamata V.
name: Ganapathy, Anuradha
name: Whiteley, Patrick M.
name: Bouvet, Sean C.
name: Babakhanian, Leon
name: Kwok, Edward W.
name: Solomon, Matthew D.
name: Go, Alan S.
name: Reed, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Landing page of CREST decision-support applications.
The Open MatSci ML Toolkit: A Flexible Framework for Machine Learning in Materials Science
Creators: name: Miret, Santiago
name: Lee, Kin Long Kelvin
name: Gonzales, Carmelo
name: Nassar, Marcel
name: Spellings, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the Open MatSci ML Toolkit: a flexible, self-contained, and scalable Python-based framework to apply deep learning models and methods on scientific data with a specific focus on materials science and the OpenCatalyst Dataset. Our toolkit provides: 1. A scalable machine learning workflow for materials science leveraging PyTorch Lightning, which enables seamless scaling across different computation capabilities (laptop, server, cluster) and hardware platforms (CPU, GPU, XPU). 2. Deep Graph Library (DGL) support for rapid graph neural network prototyping and development. By publishing and sharing this toolkit with the research community via open-source release, we hope to: 1. Lower the entry barrier for new machine learning researchers and practitioners that want to get started with the OpenCatalyst dataset, which presently comprises the largest computational materials science dataset. 2. Enable the scientific community to apply advanced machine learning tools to high-impact scientific challenges, such as modeling of materials behavior for clean energy applications. We demonstrate the capabilities of our framework by enabling three new equivariant neural network models for multiple OpenCatalyst tasks and arrive at promising results for compute scaling and model performance.
description: Paper accompanying Open-Source Software from https://github.com/IntelLabs/matsciml
Vrais et faux repentirs : heurs et malheurs de la relation auteur-relecteur
Creators: name: Bramati, Alberto
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2022

description: Lorsqu’on travaille à l’élaboration d’un texte écrit, la première version d’un passage correspond rarement à celle qui sera finalement publiée. Si le « repentir », considéré comme la correction de ce qui est jugé imparfait par l’auteur lui-même, est consubstantiel à l’acte d’écrire, on tend souvent à oublier que la version définitive d’un texte est, en règle générale, le résultat des décisions prises, sur un mode consensuel ou conflictuel, à l’intérieur de la relation entre l’auteur et ses relecteurs. Dans cet article, à partir de notre expérience de linguiste et de traducteur du français vers l’italien, nous présenterons quelques réflexions sur la fonction (positive ou négative) des relecteurs (anonymes ou connus) dans l’élaboration de la version définitive d’un texte écrit.
description: Publifarum, V. 36 N. 2 (2021): Nouvelles formes de l’écriture scientifique
Inquietudini tra metodo e narrazione: scrivere la storia, raccontare storie
Creators: name: Caffarena, Fabio
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2022

description: L’articolo intende proporre una riflessione sul lavoro dello storico in relazione ai nuovi strumenti e linguaggi mediatici dell’epoca contemporanea, tra criticità e nuove potenzialità nel campo della Public History.
description: Publifarum, V. 36 N. 2 (2021): Nouvelles formes de l’écriture scientifique
Optimistic intra-transaction parallelism on chip multiprocessors
Creators: name: Colohan, Christopher B.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 89999 Information and Computing Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Abstract: "With the advent of chip multiprocessors, exploiting intra-transaction parallelism is an attractive way of improving transaction performance. However, exploiting intra-transaction parallelism in existing database systems is difficult, for two reasons: first, significant changes are required to avoid races or conflicts within the DBMS, and second, adding threads to transactions requires a high level of sophistication from transaction programmers. In this paper we show how dividing a transaction into speculative threads solves both problems -- it minimizes the changes required to the DBMS, and the details of parallelization are hidden from the transaction programmer. Our technique requires a limited number of small, localized changes to a subset of the low-level data structures in the DBMS. Through this method of parallelizing transactions we can dramatically improve performance: on a simulated 4-processor chip-multiprocessor, we improve the response time by more than a factor of two when running an OLTP workload."
title: Mitchell's mandalas : mapping David Mitchell's textual universe
Creators: name: Harris-Birtill, Rosemary
Publisher: name: University of St Andrews
Year: 2017

description: This study uses the Tibetan mandala, a Buddhist meditation aid and sacred artform, as a secular critical model by which to analyse the complete fictions of author David Mitchell. Discussing his novels, short stories and libretti, this study maps the author’s fictions as an interconnected world-system whose re-evaluation of secular belief in galvanising compassionate ethical action is revealed by a critical comparison with the mandala’s methods of world-building. Using the mandala as an interpretive tool to critique the author’s Buddhist influences, this thesis reads the mandala as a metaphysical map, a fitting medium for mapping the author’s ethical worldview. The introduction evaluates critical structures already suggested to describe the author’s worlds, and introduces the mandala as an alternative which more fully addresses Mitchell’s fictional terrain. Chapter I investigates the mandala’s cartographic properties, mapping Mitchell’s short stories as integral islandic narratives within his fictional world which, combined, re-evaluate the role of secular belief in galvanising positive ethical action. Chapter II discusses the Tibetan sand mandala in diaspora as a form of performance when created for unfamiliar audiences, reading its cross-cultural deployment in parallel with the regenerative approaches to tragedy in the author’s libretti Wake and Sunken Garden. Chapter III identifies Mitchell’s use of reincarnation as a form of non-linear temporality that advocates future-facing ethical action in the face of humanitarian crises, reading the reincarnated Marinus as a form of secular bodhisattva. Chapter IV deconstructs the mandala to address its theoretical limitations, identifying the panopticon as its sinister counterpart, and analysing its effects in number9dream. Chapter V shifts this study’s use of the mandala from interpretive tool to emerging category, identifying the transferrable traits that form the emerging category of mandalic literature within other post-secular contemporary fictions, discussing works by Michael Ondaatje, Ali Smith, Yann Martel, Will Self, and Margaret Atwood.
Additional file 3 of Clinical decision support to Optimize Care of patients with Atrial Fibrillation or flutter in the Emergency department: protocol of a stepped-wedge cluster randomized pragmatic trial (O’CAFÉ trial)
Creators: name: Vinson, David R.
name: Rauchwerger, Adina S.
name: Karadi, Chandu A.
name: Shan, Judy
name: Warton, E. Margaret
name: Zhang, Jennifer Y.
name: Ballard, Dustin W.
name: Mark, Dustin G.
name: Hofmann, Erik R.
name: Cotton, Dale M.
name: Durant, Edward J.
name: Lin, James S.
name: Sax, Dana R.
name: Poth, Luke S.
name: Gamboa, Stephen H.
name: Ghiya, Meena S.
name: Kene, Mamata V.
name: Ganapathy, Anuradha
name: Whiteley, Patrick M.
name: Bouvet, Sean C.
name: Babakhanian, Leon
name: Kwok, Edward W.
name: Solomon, Matthew D.
name: Go, Alan S.
name: Reed, Mary E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3. Smartphone alert
Libanotis montana Lam., s. str.
Creators: name: Becherer
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1956
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: P. montana Hudson em. Lam. (P. atrccta Hoppe) Cat. 305 und 431. Ssp. atrata (Hoppe) Pilger (P. montana Hudson em. Lam. s. str.) - Bis 2750 m: Lämmerngrat an der Gemmi (Schmid und Bär 1941). Herabsteigend bis 1200 m: Le Chätelard bei Lens und unter Crans (Beauverd); ebenfalls tief: Planajeur bei Salvan, 1260 m (Coquoz). Var. atrata (Hoppe) Briq. (var. eu-atrataPilger) f. angustifrons (Briq.) - 4:Rappental (B.C.W.). Formanivalis (Pilger) - 3: Staffelalpob Zermatt (Bornmüller). Eine Form mit purpurfarbenen Antheren: Mettehnatten ob Visperterminen, etwa 1850 m (Be- cherer 1940). Var. holosericea Gaudin- l: Dents-du-Midi (Briquet); Barberine (Briquet, P. u. a.). - 2: Alpsn von Fully (Garns); ob Lens (Guyot); Alpen des Lötschentals (Vulpius, J.); Gemmi (zahlreiche Beobachter). - 4: Binntal (Bernoulli). Ssp. fuscescens (Jordan) (P.fuscescens Jordan) - Echtnicht im Wallis.Alle Angabendes Cat.305 sind auf Formen von P. montana ssp. atrata (wohl meist var. holosericea) zu beziehen.Vgl. Binz Lit. 1908a,S.42-43;BechererLit. 1920,S.3.
description: Published as part of Becherer, 1956, Florae Vallesiacae Supplementum, pp. 1-556 in Denkschriften der Schweizerischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft 71 on pages 1-556
State Power, Popular Resistance, and Competing Nationalist Narratives in France, 1791-1871
Creators: name: Ayling, Lindsay
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: In this thesis, I analyze rhetoric surrounding three events in which violence erupted between the French authorities and the French “people”: the Champ de Mars massacre of 1791, the June Days revolt of 1848, and the Paris Commune of 1871. Studying newspapers, speeches, images, memoirs, and literature, I argue that in producing competing narratives surrounding these events, politicians and polemicists also shaped competing conceptions of the French nation. In order to justify a given position, they associated either “the people” or the military with French symbols, values, and ideals while presenting their opponents as the national enemy. With each subsequent civil struggle, they appropriated and altered previous narratives, thereby constructing evolving but still irreconcilable versions of the nation. I conclude that because nationalism fractures on ideological lines, it is impossible to realize a single, unified conception of a national essence.
Orbital Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov state in an Ising superconductor
Creators: name: Wan, Puhua
name: Zheliuk, Oleksandr
name: Yuan, Noah F. Q.
name: Peng, Xiaoli
name: Zhang, Le
name: Liang, Minpeng
name: Zeitler, Uli
name: Wiedmann, Steffen
name: Hussey, Nigel
name: Palstra, Thomas T. M.
name: Ye, Jianting
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The conventional Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO) state relies on the Zeeman effect of an external magnetic field to break time-reversal symmetry, forming a state of finite-momentum Cooper pairing. In superconductors with broken inversion symmetries, the Rashba or Ising-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can interact with either the Zeeman or the orbital effect of magnetic fields, extending the range of possible FFLO states, though evidence for these more exotic forms of FFLO pairing has been lacking. Here we report the discovery of an unconventional FFLO state induced by coupling the Ising SOC and the orbital effect in multilayer 2H-NbSe2. Transport measurements show that the translational and rotational symmetries are broken in the orbital FFLO state, providing the hallmark signatures of finite momentum cooper pairings. We establish the entire orbital FFLO phase diagram, consisting of normal metal, uniform Ising superconducting phase, and a six-fold orbital FFLO state. This study highlights an alternative route to finite-momentum superconductivity and provides a universal mechanism to prepare orbital FFLO states in similar materials with broken inversion symmetries.
On formation of equation of state of evolving quantum field
Creators: name: Leonidov, A. V.
name: Radovskaya, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stylized model of evolution of matter created in ultra relativistic heavy ion collisions is considered. Systematic procedure of computing quantum corrections in the framework of Keldysh formalism is formulated. Analytical expressions for formation of equations of state taking into account leading quantum corrections is worked out, complete description of subleasing corrections and analytical expressions for some of them is presented.
description: Minor corrections
Écriture scientifique et support numérique. Formes et effets du discours scientifique sur Twitter
Creators: name: Goux, Mathieu
name: Véron, Laélia
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2022

description: Notre contribution étudie les effets d’un support spécifique numérique, le réseau social Twitter, sur le discours de la recherche scientifique en sciences humaines et sociales. Nous revenons sur la façon dont les logiques de légitimation de la parole scientifique dans la sphère scientifique rentrent en conflit avec les logiques du réseau social, qui opèrent selon d’autres critères de validité, qui peuvent contrecarrer ou au contraire amplifier le discours scientifique.
description: Publifarum, V. 36 N. 2 (2021): Nouvelles formes de l’écriture scientifique