cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Causes of death in a contemporary cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease: Insights from the TECOS trial
Creators: name: Al-Khatib, S.M.
name: Lopes, R.D.
name: TECOS Study Group
name: Armstrong, P.W.
name: Chan, J.C.N.
name: Peterson, E.D.
name: Holman, R.R.
name: Scott, R.
name: Standl, E.
name: Lokhnygina, Y.
name: Green, J.B.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Sharma, A.
name: Lachin, J.M.
name: Distiller, L.A.
name: Van De Werf, F.
name: Dunning, A.
name: Kaufman, K.D.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Objective: We evaluated the specific causes of death and their associated risk factors in a contemporary cohort of patients with type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Research Design and Methods: We used data from the Trial Evaluating Cardiovascular Outcomes with Sitagliptin (TECOS) study (n = 14,671), a cardiovascular (CV) safety trial adding sitagliptin versus placebo to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes and ASCVD (median follow-up 3 years). An independent committee blinded to treatment assignment adjudicated each cause of death. Cox proportional hazards models were used to identify risk factors associated with each outcome. Results: A total of 1,084 deaths were adjudicated as the following: 530 CV (1.2/100 patientyears [PY], 49% of deaths), 338 non-CV (0.77/100 PY, 31% of deaths), and 216 unknown (0.49/100 PY, 20% of deaths). Themost common CV death was sudden death (n = 145, 27% of CV death) followed by acute myocardial infarction (MI)/stroke (n = 113 [MI n = 48, stroke n = 65], 21% of CV death) and heart failure (HF) (n = 63, 12% of CV death). Themost common non-CV deathwas malignancy (n = 154, 46% of non-CV death). The risk of specific CV death subcategories was lower among patients with no baseline history of HF, including sudden death (hazard ratio [HR] 0.4; P = 0.0036), MI/stroke death (HR 0.47; P = 0.049), and HF death (HR 0.29; P = 0.0057). Conclusions: In this analysis of a contemporary cohort of patients with diabetes and ASCVD, sudden death was the most common subcategory of CV death. HF prevention may represent an avenue to reduce the risk of specific CV death subcategories.
title: Pitfalls in recognising normal variants of cervical anatomy – pictorial exhibit.
Creators: name: Kecler - Pietrzyk, Aneta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quality assurance
subject: Congenital
subject: Artifacts
subject: Normal variants
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: MR
subject: Digital radiography
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine
subject: Head and neck
subject: Anatomy

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The aim of this educational exhibit is to provide a brief images - based overview of most common cervical spine anatomical variants in adults which correct recognition is vital, especially in emergency cases of neck trauma. Thorough knowledge of...
The war is not yet won
Creators: name: Young, L.A.
name: Buse, J.B.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2017

description: In this issue of Diabetes Care, Selvin and Ali have done a masterful job of exploring and explaining both the rise in the incidence of diabetes over 20 years and the fall in the incidence of diabetes over the last 5 years in the U.S. You may want to skip this and just read their article. The bottom line is that we as clinicians can confirm that they, as epidemiologists, have almost certainly gotten it right. Importantly, their analysis has critical implications for policy makers.
title: Cystic pattern in lung diseases: a simplified HRCT guide based on free-hand drawings
Creators: name: Caltabiano, Daniele
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cysts
subject: Education
subject: CT
subject: Thorax
subject: Respiratory system
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: In some widespread pulmonary diseases, cystic lesions are significant imaging features, or they may represent the characteristic element. Therefore, the diagnosis of these pulmonary diseases should be based on number, morphology and distribution of...
Amylase, lipase, and acute pancreatitis in people with type 2 diabetes treatedwith liraglutide: Results from the LEADER randomized trial
Creators: name: Steinberg, W.M.
name: Ørsted, D.D.
name: Nauck, M.A.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: The LEADER Steering Committee, on behalf of the LEADER Trial Investigators
name: Ghorbani, M.L.M.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Objective: To evaluate serum amylase and lipase levels and the rate of acute pancreatitis in patients with type 2 diabetes and high cardiovascular risk randomized to liraglutide or placebo and observed for 3.5-5.0 years. Research Design and Methods: Atotal of 9,340 patientswith type 2 diabeteswere randomized to either liraglutide or placebo (median observation time 3.84 years). Fasting serum lipase and amylase were monitored. Acute pancreatitis was adjudicated in a blinded manner. Results: Compared with the placebo group, liraglutide-treated patients had increases in serum lipase and amylase of 28.0% and 7.0%, respectively. Levels were increased at 6 months and then remained stable. During the study, 18 (0.4% [1.1 events/1,000 patient-years of observation] [PYO]) liraglutide-treated and 23 (0.5% [1.7 events/ 1,000 PYO]) placebo patients had acute pancreatitis confirmed by adjudication.Most acute pancreatitis cases occurred ≥12months after randomization. Liraglutide-treated patients with prior history of pancreatitis (n = 147) were not more likely to develop acute pancreatitis than similar patients in the placebo group (n = 120). Elevations of amylase and lipase levels did not predict future risk of acute pancreatitis (positive predictive value <1.0%) in patients treated with liraglutide. Conclusions: In a population with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk, there were numerically fewer events of acute pancreatitis among liraglutide-treated patients (regardless of previous history of pancreatitis) comparedwith the placebo group. Liraglutide was associated with increases in serum lipase and amylase, which were not predictive of an event of subsequent acute pancreatitis.
Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and diabetic ketoacidosis: A case series from three academic institutions
Creators: name: Aloi, J.A.
name: Shariff, A.I.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Fearrington, L.R.
name: Mekala, K.
name: Misaghian-Xanthos, N.
name: Setji, T.L.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have recently been associated with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). Initial case reports were largely among patients using SGLT2i off label in the setting of type 1 diabetes and were unusual because of limited associated hyperglycemia. More recently, the problem has been specifically noted in patients with type 2 diabetes. Meta-analysis of data from initial randomized controlled trials of SGLT2i suggests little risk of DKA (,0.1%) in patients with type 2 diabetes.
Effects of once-weekly exenatide on cardiovascular outcomes in type 2 diabetes
Creators: name: Poulter, N.
name: Bethel, M.A.
name: Marso, S.P.
name: Zinman, B.
name: Hernandez, A.F.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Gustavson, S.M.
name: EXSCEL Study Group
name: Lokhnygina, Y.
name: Ramachandran, A.
name: Chan, J.C.
name: Iqbal, N.
name: Öhman, P.
name: Maggioni, A.P.
name: Choi, J.
name: Holman, R.R.
name: Mentz, R.J.
name: Thompson, V.P.
name: Pagidipati, N.J.
Publisher: name: Massachussetts Medical Society
Year: 2017

description: BACKGROUND: The cardiovascular effects of adding once-weekly treatment with exenatide to usual care in patients with type 2 diabetes are unknown. METHODS: We randomly assigned patients with type 2 diabetes, with or without previous cardiovascular disease, to receive subcutaneous injections of extended-release exenatide at a dose of 2 mg or matching placebo once weekly. The primary composite outcome was the first occurrence of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke. The coprimary hypotheses were that exenatide, administered once weekly, would be noninferior to placebo with respect to safety and superior to placebo with respect to efficacy. RESULTS: In all, 14,752 patients (of whom 10,782 [73.1%] had previous cardiovascular disease) were followed for a median of 3.2 years (interquartile range, 2.2 to 4.4). A primary composite outcome event occurred in 839 of 7356 patients (11.4%; 3.7 events per 100 person-years) in the exenatide group and in 905 of 7396 patients (12.2%; 4.0 events per 100 person-years) in the placebo group (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83 to 1.00), with the intention-to-treat analysis indicating that exenatide, administered once weekly, was noninferior to placebo with respect to safety (P<0.001 for noninferiority) but was not superior to placebo with respect to efficacy (P=0.06 for superiority). The rates of death from cardiovascular causes, fatal or nonfatal myocardial infarction, fatal or nonfatal stroke, hospitalization for heart failure, and hospitalization for acute coronary syndrome, and the incidence of acute pancreatitis, pancreatic cancer, medullary thyroid carcinoma, and serious adverse events did not differ significantly between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Among patients with type 2 diabetes with or without previous cardiovascular disease, the incidence of major adverse cardiovascular events did not differ significantly between patients who received exenatide and those who received placebo.
Gauge-fixing Condition on Prepotential of Chiral Multiplet for Nongeometric Backgrounds
Creators: name: Kimura, Tetsuji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a supergauge transformation of a complex superfield which generates a chiral superfield in two-dimensional ${\cal N}=(2,2)$ theory. This complex superfield is referred to as the prepotential of the chiral superfield. Since there exist redundant component fields in the prepotential, we remove some of them by a gauge-fixing condition. This situation is parallel to that of a vector superfield. In order to obtain a suitable configuration of the GLSM for the exotic five-brane which gives rise to a nongeometric background, we impose a relatively relaxed gauge-fixing condition. It turns out that the gauge-fixed prepotential is different from a semichiral superfield whose scalar field represents a coordinate of generalized Kähler geometry.
description: 25 pages, published version
การศึกษาความสัมพันธ์ระหว่างทุนทางสังคมและศักยภาพเชิงพื้นที่กรณีศึกษา: เทศบาลเมืองท่าโขลง จังหวัดปทุมธานี
Creators: name: ภาวิณี เอี่ยมตระกูล
Publisher: name: Thammasat Printing House
Year: 2018
Subjects: ทุนทางสังคม
ระบบภูมิศาสตร์สารสนเทศ
การวางแผนเมือง

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 15, 2, 17-42
Baseline characteristics of patients enrolled in the Exenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL)
Creators: name: Iqbal, N.
name: Pagidipati, N.J.
name: Zinman, B.
name: Gustavson, S.
name: Poulter, N.
name: Maggioni, A.P.
name: Marso, S.P.
name: Holman, R.R.
name: Mentz, R.J.
name: Ohman, P.
name: Chan, J.C.
name: Thompson, V.P.
name: Bethel, M.A.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Ramachandran, A.
name: Hernandez, A.F.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2017

description: Background EXSCEL is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial examining the effect of exenatide once-weekly (EQW) versus placebo on time to the primary composite outcome (cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction or nonfatal stroke) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) and a wide range of cardiovascular (CV) risk. Methods Patients were enrolled at 688 sites in 35 countries. We describe their baseline characteristics according to prior CV event status and compare patients with those enrolled in prior glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1RA) outcomes trials. Results Of a total of 14,752 participants randomized between June 2010 and September 2015, 6,788 (46.0%) patients were enrolled in Europe; 3,708 (25.1%), North America; 2,727 (18.5%), Latin America; and 1,529 (10.4%), Asia Pacific. Overall, 73% had at least one prior CV event (70% coronary artery disease, 24% peripheral arterial disease, 22% cerebrovascular disease). The median (IQR) age was 63 years (56, 69), 38% were female, median baseline HbA1c was 8.0% (7.3, 8.9) and 16% had a prior history of heart failure. Those without a prior CV event were younger with a shorter duration of diabetes and better renal function than those with at least one prior CV event. Compared with prior GLP-1RA trials, EXSCEL has a larger percentage of patients without a prior CV event and a notable percentage who were taking a dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor at baseline (15%). Conclusions EXSCEL is one of the largest global GLP-1RA trials, evaluating the safety and efficacy of EQW with a broad patient population that may extend generalizability compared to prior GLP-1RA trials (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01144338).
(101303) Richard Born
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
IDegLira Improves Both Fasting and Postprandial Glucose Control as Demonstrated Using Continuous Glucose Monitoring and a Standardized Meal Test
Creators: name: Gough, S.C.
name: Boesgaard, T.W.
name: Holst, J.J.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Rodbard, H.W.
name: Kvist, K.
name: Woo, V.C.
name: Linjawi, S.
Publisher: name: SAGE Publications Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Objective: IDegLira is a novel, fixed-ratio combination of the long-acting basal insulin, insulin degludec, and the long-acting glucagon-like peptide-1 analog liraglutide. We studied the effect of IDegLira versus its components on postprandial glucose (PPG) in type 2 diabetes. Methods: In this substudy, 260 (15.6%) of the original 1663 patients with inadequate glycemic control participating in a 26-week, open-label trial (DUAL I) were randomized 2:1:1 to once-daily IDegLira, insulin degludec or liraglutide. Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) for 72 hours and a meal test were performed. Results: At week 26, IDegLira produced a significantly greater decrease from baseline in mean PPG increment (normalized iAUC0-4h) than insulin degludec (estimated treatment difference [ETD] -'12.79 mg/dl [95% CI: -'21.08; -'4.68], P =.0023) and a similar magnitude of decrease as liraglutide (ETD -'1.62 mg/dl [95% CI: -'10.09; 6.67], P =.70). CGM indicated a greater reduction in change from baseline in PPG increment (iAUC0-4h) for IDegLira versus insulin degludec over all 3 main meals (ETD -'6.13 mg/dl [95% CI: -'10.27, -'1.98], P =.0047) and similar reductions versus liraglutide (ETD -'1.80 mg/dl [95% CI: -'2.52, 5.95], P =.4122). Insulin secretion ratio and static index were greater for IDegLira versus insulin degludec (P =.048 and P =.006, respectively) and similar to liraglutide (P =.45 and P =.895, respectively). Conclusions: Once-daily IDegLira provides significantly better PPG control following a mixed meal test than insulin degludec. The improvement is at least partially explained by higher endogenous insulin secretion and improved beta cell function with IDegLira. The benefits of liraglutide on PPG control are maintained across all main meals in the combination.
(101299) Elizabeth Margaret Latcham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
(101301) Charles Haythorne Latcham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Microneedle-array patches loaded with hypoxia-sensitive vesicles provide fast glucose-responsive insulin delivery
Creators: name: Ye, Y.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Sun, W.
name: Zhang, Y.
name: Gu, Z.
name: Ranson, D.
name: DiSanto, R.
name: Ligler, F.S.
name: Yu, J.
Publisher: name: Mary Ann Liebert Inc.
Year: 2016

description: The past year demonstrated how developing pharmacological solutions for better ways of insulin substitution and making those drugs commercially available for patients with all forms of diabetes are becoming more and more complex issues worldwide in the light of increasing patient numbers and rising health-care costs. Meanwhile, the two first rapid-acting analogs are celebrating their 20th (insulin lispro) and 15th (insulin aspart) anniversaries of commercial approval. The discussion on the long-term safety concerns of insulin analogs has quieted down considerably and only further reassuring data regarding mitogenicity have become available lately. In 2013 the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) had requested additional cardiovascular data from a dedicated cardiovascular outcomes trial before the review of the New Drug Application for the long-acting insulin degludec could be completed. Degludec had received marketing authorization valid throughout the European Union (EU) and other countries already early 2013. In September 2015, the FDA approved Tresiba (insulin degludec injection) and Ryzodeg 70/30 (insulin degludec/insulin aspart injection) after reassuring data from the DEVOTE trial.
อยู่กับน้ำ ถอดรหัสวิถีท้องถิ่น รูปแบบบ้านพื้นที่ลุ่มน้ำเขตภาคกลาง
Creators: name: รุ่งรัตน์ เต็งเก้าประเสริฐ
Publisher: name: Thammasat Printing House
Year: 2018
Subjects: สถาปัตยกรรมพื้นถิ่น
ภูมิปัญญาการตั้งถิ่นฐาน
วิถีน้ำ
พื้นที่ลุ่มน้ำเขตภาคกลาง
น้ำท่วม

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 15, 2, 91-106
Maria gordon buse, MD: A family affair through six decades of diabetes discovery
Creators: name: Burant, C.F.
name: Buse, C.R.
name: Robinson, K.A.
name: Buse, J.B.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Maria Gordon Buse, MD, is a product of wartime Europe. She completed her professional education in four languages on three continents and continues a nearly 60-year career as an investigator, educator, and practicing endocrinologist. This brief reprisal is written collabora-tively by her biological offspring and in-tellectual progeny, an appropriate reﬂection of a career where family and work were joyfully intertwined in an irresolvable way.
(101297) Maria Latcham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
แนวทางการออกแบบอาคารเรียนต้นแบบเพื่อการอนุรักษ์พลังงานตามนโยบายมหาวิทยาลัยสีเขียว
Creators: name: วุฒิกานต์ ปุระพรหม
Publisher: name: Thammasat Printing House
Year: 2018
Subjects: อาคารเรียน
ภาระการทำความเย็น
แนวทางการออกแบบ

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 15, 2, 107-120
The primary glucose-lowering effect of metformin resides in the gut, not the circulation: Results from short-term pharmacokinetic and 12-week dose-ranging studies
Creators: name: Burns, C.
name: Kim, T.
name: Rosenstock, J.
name: DeFronzo, R.A.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Baron, A.
name: Skare, S.
name: Fineman, M.
Publisher: name: American Diabetes Association Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Delayed-release metformin (Met DR) is formulated to deliver the drug to the lower bowel to leverage the gut-based mechanisms of metformin action with lower plasma exposure. Met DR was assessed in two studies. Study 1 compared the bioavailability of single daily doses of Met DR to currently available immediaterelease metformin (Met IR) and extended-release metformin (Met XR) in otherwise healthy volunteers. Study 2 assessed glycemic control in subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) over 12 weeks. Research Design and Methods Study 1 was a phase 1, randomized, four-period crossover study in 20 subjects. Study 2 was a 12-week, phase 2, multicenter, placebo-controlled, dose-ranging study in 240 subjects with T2DM randomized to receive Met DR 600, 800, or 1,000 mg administered once daily; blinded placebo; or unblindedMet XR 1,000 or 2,000 mg (reference). Results The bioavailability of 1,000mg Met DR b.i.d. was ∼50% that of Met IR and Met XR (study 1). In study 2, 600, 800, and 1,000 mg Met DR q.d. produced statistically significant, clinically relevant, and sustained reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels over 12 weeks compared with placebo, with an ∼40% increase in potency compared with Met XR. The placebo-subtracted changes from baseline in HbA1c level at 12 weeks were consistent with changes in FPG levels. All treatments were generally well tolerated, and adverse events were consistent with Glucophage/ Glucophage XR prescribing information. Conclusions Dissociation of the glycemic effect from plasma exposure with gut-restricted Met DR provides strong evidence for a predominantly lower bowel-mediated mechanism of metformin action.
title: Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis: a pictorial essay
Creators: name: Pulzato, Ilaria
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Infection
subject: Cavitation
subject: eLearning
subject: Education
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: The manifestations of Aspergillus infection in the lung are legion. Chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) is a specific and recognizable form. Historically, the terminology and descriptions of this entity has been mired in confusion. In this...
Rationale and design of the EXenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) trial
Creators: name: Sourij, H.
name: Hernandez, A.F.
name: Zinman, B.
name: Maggioni, A.P.
name: Keenan, J.
name: Khurmi, N.S.
name: George, J.
name: Doran, Z.
name: Öhman, P.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Porter, L.E.
name: Chan, J.C.
name: Kundu, S.
name: Marso, S.P.
name: Holman, R.R.
name: Poulter, N.
name: Oulhaj, A.
name: Ramachandran, A.
name: Bethel, M.A.
name: Mentz, R.J.
name: Iqbal, N.
name: Pencina, M.J.
Publisher: name: Mosby Inc.
Year: 2016

description: Exenatide once-weekly is an extended release formulation of exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide–1 receptor agonist, which can improve glycemic control, body weight, blood pressure, and lipid levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The EXenatide Study of Cardiovascular Event Lowering (EXSCEL) will compare the impact of adding exenatide once-weekly to usual care with usual care alone on major cardiovascular outcomes. EXSCEL is an academically led, phase III/IV, double-blind, pragmatic placebo-controlled, global trial conducted in 35 countries aiming to enrol 14,000 patients with T2DM and a broad range of cardiovascular risk over approximately 5 years. Participants will be randomized (1:1) to receive exenatide once-weekly 2 mg or matching placebo by subcutaneous injections. The trial will continue until 1,360 confirmed primary composite cardiovascular end points, defined as cardiovascular death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke, have occurred. The primary efficacy hypothesis is that exenatide once-weekly is superior to usual care with respect to the primary composite cardiovascular end point. EXSCEL is powered to detect a 15% relative risk reduction in the exenatide once-weekly group, with 85% power and a 2-sided 5% alpha. The primary safety hypothesis is that exenatide once-weekly is noninferior to usual care with respect to the primary cardiovascular composite end point. Noninferiority will be concluded if the upper limit of the CI is <1.30. EXSCEL will assess whether exenatide once-weekly can reduce cardiovascular events in patients with T2DM with a broad range of cardiovascular risk. It will also provide long-term safety information on exenatide once-weekly in people with T2DM. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01144338
Constitutional change : the frequent attempt of new beginnings in Latin America
Creators: name: Avila Ordoñez, Maria Paz
name: 0000-0001-9348-1189
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 2021
Subjects: Constitutional change
Latin America

description: Latin American countries have experienced frequent processes of constitutional change. Just in the first century of independence, constitutions of Venezuela, the Dominican Republic, and Peru were rewritten at least ten times. After the third wave of democratization, almost all countries in the region drastically amended or replaced their constitutions, and some, such as Venezuela and Ecuador, had done so more than once. By selecting two cases of study in the region (Argentina - Ecuador), this paper explores what are the factors that might explain constitutional replacements. Overall, this paper argues that high rates of constitutional replacement in the region can be attributed to their institutional origins. Constitutions are often created in environments generally unstable, under rapidly changing coalitions of power, non-inclusive constitution-making processes, where institutions are often used as “weapons” against the opposing political forces. These conditions under which constitutions are created can make them either resistant or vulnerable to rapid replacement
Cardiometabolic Risk Assessments by Body Mass Index z -Score or Waist-to-Height Ratio in a Multiethnic Sample of Sixth-Graders
Creators: name: Baranowski, T.
name: Kahn, H.S.
name: McMurray, R.G.
name: El Ghormli, L.
name: Stadler, D.D.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Treviño, R.P.
name: Jago, R.
name: Foster, G.D.
name: Healthy Study Group
Publisher: name: Hindawi Limited
Year: 2014

description: Convention defines pediatric adiposity by the body mass index z-score (BMIz) referenced to normative growth charts. Waist-to-height ratio (WHtR) does not depend on sex-and-age references. In the HEALTHY Study enrollment sample, we compared BMIz with WHtR for ability to identify adverse cardiometabolic risk. Among 5,482 sixth-grade students from 42 middle schools, we estimated explanatory variations (R2) and standardized beta coefficients of BMIz or WHtR for cardiometabolic risk factors: insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipids, blood pressures, and glucose. For each risk outcome variable, we prepared adjusted regression models for four subpopulations stratified by sex and high versus lower fatness. For HOMA-IR, R2 attributed to BMIz or WHtR was 19%-28% among high-fatness and 8%-13% among lower-fatness students. R2 for lipid variables was 4%-9% among high-fatness and 2%-7% among lower-fatness students. In the lower-fatness subpopulations, the standardized coefficients for total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol and triglycerides tended to be weaker for BMIz (0.13-0.20) than for WHtR (0.17-0.28). Among high-fatness students, BMIz and WHtR correlated with blood pressures for Hispanics and whites, but not black boys (systolic) or girls (systolic and diastolic). In 11-12 year olds, assessments by WHtR can provide cardiometabolic risk estimates similar to conventional BMIz without requiring reference to a normative growth chart.
title: CT patterns of pulmonary fibrosis in correlation with lung function tests in patients with microscopic polyangiitis
Creators: name: Both, Marcus
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Inflammation
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: CT
subject: Lung

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: To identify different CT patterns of pulmonary fibrosis in patients with microscopic polyangiitis and correlate themwith pulmonary function tests and other clinical data. Background Microscopic polyangiitis (MPA) is a primary, necrotizing, systemic...
Effectiveness of sensor-augmented insulin-pump therapy in type 1 diabetes
Creators: name: Davis, S.N.
name: Dailey, G.
name: Buse, J.B.
name: Welsh, J.B.
name: Tamborlane, W.V.
name: Peoples, T.
name: Willi, S.M.
name: Perkins, B.A.
name: Ahmann, A.
name: Bergenstal, R.M.
name: Wood, M.A.
name: Joyce, C.
Publisher: name: Massachussetts Medical Society
Year: 2010

description: BACKGROUND: Recently developed technologies for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus include a variety of pumps and pumps with glucose sensors. METHODS: In this 1-year, multicenter, randomized, controlled trial, we compared the efficacy of sensor-augmented pump therapy (pump therapy) with that of a regimen of multiple daily insulin injections (injection therapy) in 485 patients (329 adults and 156 children) with inadequately controlled type 1 diabetes. Patients received recombinant insulin analogues and were supervised by expert clinical teams. The primary end point was the change from the baseline glycated hemoglobin level. RESULTS: At 1 year, the baseline mean glycated hemoglobin level (8.3% in the two study groups) had decreased to 7.5% in the pump-therapy group, as compared with 8.1% in the injection-therapy group (P<0.001). The proportion of patients who reached the glycated hemoglobin target (<7%) was greater in the pump-therapy group than in the injection-therapy group. The rate of severe hypoglycemia in the pump-therapy group (13.31 cases per 100 person-years) did not differ significantly from that in the injection-therapy group (13.48 per 100 person-years, P = 0.58). There was no significant weight gain in either group. CONCLUSIONS: In both adults and children with inadequately controlled type 1 diabetes, sensor-augmented pump therapy resulted in significant improvement in glycated hemoglobin levels, as compared with injection therapy. A significantly greater proportion of both adults and children in the pump-therapy group than in the injection-therapy group reached the target glycated hemoglobin level. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00417989.)
title: SACRAL LESIONS: Differential diagnosis for the general radiologist
Creators: name: Campos Arenas, María Rosario
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Trauma
subject: Neoplasia
subject: Congenital
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Musculoskeletal spine

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Knowledge of certainpathologies that could affect the sacrum is important for general radiologists because they couldfinda sacral lesioneven when studies are performed for any other reason (CT scan for abdominal pathologies, MRI for low back...
On the conformal higher spin unfolded equation for a three-dimensional self-interacting scalar field
Creators: name: Nilsson, Bengt E. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose field equations for the conformal higher spin system in three dimensions coupled to a conformal scalar field with a sixth order potential. Both the higher spin equation and the unfolded equation for the scalar field have source terms and are based on a conformal higher spin algebra which we treat as an expansion in multi-commutators. Explicit expressions for the source terms are suggested and subjected to some simple tests. We also discuss a cascading relation between the Chern-Simons action for the higher spin gauge theory and an action containing a term for each spin that generalizes the spin 2 Chern-Simons action in terms of the spin connection expressed in terms of the frame field. This cascading property is demonstrated in the free theory for spin 3 but should work also in the complete higher spin theory.
description: v2: 20 pages, misprints corrected, footnotes added
สภาพแวดล้อมเพื่อการเรียนรู้สาธารณะรูปแบบใหม่: การเปลี่ยนกระบวนทัศน์ของการเรียนรู้และผลกระทบที่มีต่อรายละเอียดโครงการ ที่ว่าง และสถาปัตยกรรมศูนย์ความรู้ร่วมสมัย
Creators: name: พีรดร แก้วลาย
Publisher: name: Thammasat Printing House
Year: 2018
Subjects: สภาพแวดล้อมการเรียนรู้
พื้นที่การเรียนรู้
ศูนย์การเรียนรู้

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 15, 2, 135-152
title: Hepatic Actinomycosis: key points of CT and MR imaging
Creators: name: Buryakina, Svetlana
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Abdomen
subject: Liver
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Infection
subject: Abscess

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Describe and illustrate different manifestations of hepatic actinomycosis Reveal essential CT and MRI features of hepatic actinomycosis Describe complications of hepatic...
Frontline: diabetes--supplementing education and quality improvement in family medicine residency training.
Creators: name: Buse, J.B.
name: Carek, P.J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2008

description: In 2004, Frontline: Diabetes was created by the Association of Family Medicine Residency Directors (AFMRD) with an unrestricted educational grant from Novo Nordisk, as an educational forum used to provide family medicine residents the opportunity to expand their knowledge and patient care skills in the area of diabetes mellitus. This program combines resident education and educational research. Frontline: Diabetes is a project that offers residents a novel, integrated approach to the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Participants learn about current standards of diabetes care, nutritional counseling, educational needs, and relevant referral resources from a multidisciplinary team of family physicians, endocrinologists, dieticians, and certified diabetic educators.
title: Transient Hepatic Perfusion Differences (THAD/THID) - What? When? Where?
Creators: name: Saraiva, José
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Arteriovenous malformations
subject: Abscess
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: CT
subject: Vascular
subject: Liver
subject: Abdomen
subject: Artifacts

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: Tolearnthe physiopathology ("What?") and theseveral causes ("When?) of transient hepatic perfusion differences found in dynamic CT and MR imaging studies, as well astheir different imaging findings, namely their morphology and distribution pattern...
Quantum Simulation of the Hubbard Model with Dopant Atoms in Silicon
Creators: name: Salfi, J.
name: Mol, J. A.
name: Rahman, R.
name: Klimeck, G.
name: Simmons, M. Y.
name: Hollenberg, L. C. L.
name: Rogge, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In quantum simulation, many-body phenomena are probed in controllable quantum systems. Recently, simulation of Bose-Hubbard Hamiltonians using cold atoms revealed previously hidden local correlations. However, fermionic many-body Hubbard phenomena such as unconventional superconductivity and spin liquids are more difficult to simulate using cold atoms. To date the required single-site measurements and cooling remain problematic, while only ensemble measurements have been achieved. Here we simulate a two-site Hubbard Hamiltonian at low effective temperatures with single-site resolution using subsurface dopants in silicon. We measure quasiparticle tunneling maps of spin-resolved states with atomic resolution, finding interference processes from which the entanglement entropy and Hubbard interactions are quantified. Entanglement, determined by spin and orbital degrees of freedom, increases with increasing covalent bond length. We find separation-tunable Hubbard interaction strengths that are suitable for simulating strongly correlated phenomena in larger arrays of dopants, establishing dopants as a platform for quantum simulation of the Hubbard model.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures. Supplementary: 13 pages, 7 figures. New version with some additional discussion, accepted in Nature Communications
title: Imaging pitfalls in MRI of pediatric knee - normal developmental changes and osseus variants that shoud not be taken for pathology
Creators: name: Zając, Jan
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Education and training
subject: Normal variants
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: MR
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Musculoskeletal system
subject: Musculoskeletal joint
subject: Musculoskeletal bone

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To obtain a better understanding of the developmental changes that occur during skeletal maturation. To provide brief overview of variants of the knee structures that could be misdiagnosed for disease. To point out which of these findings may have...
title: Cutting balloon versus standard balloon angioplasty for the treatment of hemodialysis access stenosis: a retrospective observational study
Creators: name: Salsano, Marco
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Outcomes
subject: Fistula
subject: Dilatation
subject: Outcomes analysis
subject: Catheters
subject: Angioplasty
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Catheter venography
subject: Vascular
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Cardiovascular system

description: Aims and objectives Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information References
description: Aims and objectives: The failure of arterio-venous (AV) access increases morbidity and healthcare cost in patients with end stage renal disease. AV access failure may occur by thrombosis secondary to stenosis of the anastomosis/draining vein or of the graft. The...
On the computation of attractors for delay differential equations
Creators: name: Dellnitz, Michael
name: Molo, Mirko Hessel-von
name: Ziessler, Adrian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65

description: In this work we present a novel framework for the computation of finite dimensional invariant sets of infinite dimensional dynamical systems. It extends a classical subdivision technique [Dellnitz/Hohmann 1997] for the computation of such objects of finite dimensional systems to the infinite dimensional case by utilizing results on embedding techniques for infinite dimensional systems. We show how to implement this approach for the analysis of delay differential equations and illustrate the feasibility of our implementation by computing invariant sets for three different delay differential equations.
title: Idiopathic porto-systemic venous shunts: mimicking simple parenchymal cysts
Creators: name: Çeldirme Horasanlı, Emine
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Liver
subject: Vascular
subject: Abdomen
subject: Ultrasound-Colour Doppler
subject: CT
subject: MR
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Aneurysms
subject: Congenital

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To improve awareness about idiopathic intrahepatic porto-systemic venous shunts, which mimics a simple parenchymal liver...
title: Large Airway Diseases - Pictorial Review of the Different Presentations
Creators: name: Au Yong, Tracy
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: CT
subject: CT-High Resolution
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Education and training

description: Learning objectives Background Findings and procedure details Conclusion Personal information References
description: Learning objectives: To describe the common and uncommon focal and diffuse large airway diseases. To differentiate the benign and malignant focal large airway diseases. To illustrate the imaging presentations of the large airway diseases on Computed Tomography...
The pMSSM10 after LHC Run 1
Creators: name: de Vries, K. J.
name: Bagnaschi, E. A.
name: Buchmueller, O.
name: Cavanaugh, R.
name: Citron, M.
name: De Roeck, A.
name: Dolan, M. J.
name: Ellis, J. R.
name: Flaecher, H.
name: Heinemeyer, S.
name: Isidori, G.
name: Malik, S.
name: Marrouche, J.
name: Santos, D. Martinez
name: Olive, K. A.
name: Sakurai, K.
name: Weiglein, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a frequentist analysis of the parameter space of the pMSSM10, in which the following 10 soft SUSY-breaking parameters are specified independently at the mean scalar top mass scale Msusy = Sqrt[M_stop1 M_stop2]: the gaugino masses M_{1,2,3}, the 1st-and 2nd-generation squark masses M_squ1 = M_squ2, the third-generation squark mass M_squ3, a common slepton mass M_slep and a common trilinear mixing parameter A, the Higgs mixing parameter mu, the pseudoscalar Higgs mass M_A and tan beta. We use the MultiNest sampling algorithm with 1.2 x 10^9 points to sample the pMSSM10 parameter space. A dedicated study shows that the sensitivities to strongly-interacting SUSY masses of ATLAS and CMS searches for jets, leptons + MET signals depend only weakly on many of the other pMSSM10 parameters. With the aid of the Atom and Scorpion codes, we also implement the LHC searches for EW-interacting sparticles and light stops, so as to confront the pMSSM10 parameter space with all relevant SUSY searches. In addition, our analysis includes Higgs mass and rate measurements using the HiggsSignals code, SUSY Higgs exclusion bounds, the measurements B-physics observables, EW precision observables, the CDM density and searches for spin-independent DM scattering. We show that the pMSSM10 is able to provide a SUSY interpretation of (g-2)_mu, unlike the CMSSM, NUHM1 and NUHM2. As a result, we find (omitting Higgs rates) that the minimum chi^2/dof = 20.5/18 in the pMSSM10, corresponding to a chi^2 probability of 30.8 %, to be compared with chi^2/dof = 32.8/24 (31.1/23) (30.3/22) in the CMSSM (NUHM1) (NUHM2). We display 1-dimensional likelihood functions for SUSY masses, and show that they may be significantly lighter in the pMSSM10 than in the CMSSM, NUHM1 and NUHM2. We discuss the discovery potential of future LHC runs, e+e- colliders and direct detection experiments.
description: 47 pages, 29 figures
(101298) Mary Jane Latcham
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Thermal effect on electron trajectory and growth rate in a two-stream free electron laser with a guide field
Creators: name: Mahdizadeh, Nader
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Nuclear and plasma physics not elsewhere classified
Plasma physics; fusion plasmas; electrical discharges

description: Temperature effect on the electron trajectory and growth rate is investigated for a two-stream free-electron laser (FEL) with a helical wiggler along with a guide magnetic field (GMF). Both the longitudinal and the transverse temperature of the beams are included to provide the full beam temperature effects. Within the framework of the linearized Lorentz, Maxwell, continuity and Poisson equations the stability analysis is carried out. The general dispersion relation for the right hand polarized of the electromagnetic wave including the important influence of temperature is obtained. For a representative set of the initial data, resonances bandwidth of the wave numbers has been plotted. It is found that the both of the peak growths are reduce because of the temperature.
ระบบนิเวศนวัตกรรม: กรณีศึกษาย่านนวัตกรรมกล้วยน้ำไท
Creators: name: ฤทธิรงค์ จุฑาพฤฒิกร
Publisher: name: Thammasat Printing House
Year: 2018
Subjects: ย่านนวัตกรรม
ระบบนิเวศนวัตกรรม
สตาร์ทอัพ

description: Journal of Architectural/Planning Research and Studies, 15, 2, 121-134