cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Regional Constellation Reconfiguration Problem: Integer Linear Programming Formulation and Lagrangian Heuristic Method
Creators: name: Lee, Hang Woon
name: Ho, Koki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: A group of satellites, with either homogeneous or heterogeneous orbital characteristics and/or hardware specifications, can undertake a reconfiguration process due to variations in operations pertaining to Earth observation missions. This paper investigates the problem of optimizing a satellite constellation reconfiguration process against two competing mission objectives: (i) the maximization of the total coverage reward and (ii) the minimization of the total cost of the transfer. The decision variables for the reconfiguration process include the design of the new configuration and the assignment of satellites from one configuration to another. We present a novel bi-objective integer linear programming formulation that combines constellation design and transfer problems. The formulation lends itself to the use of generic mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) methods such as the branch-and-bound algorithm for the computation of provably-optimal solutions; however, these approaches become computationally prohibitive even for moderately-sized instances. In response to this challenge, this paper proposes a Lagrangian relaxation-based heuristic method that leverages the assignment problem structure embedded in the problem. The results from the computational experiments attest to the near-optimality of the Lagrangian heuristic solutions and a significant improvement in the computational runtime compared to a commercial MILP solver.
description: 41 pages, 10 figures, accepted for publication at Journal of Spacecraft and Rockets; pre-print
Singular Bouncing Cosmology from Gauss-Bonnet Modified Gravity
Creators: name: Oikonomou, V. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study how a cosmological bounce with a Type IV singularity at the bouncing point, can be generated by a classical vacuum $F(G)$ gravity. We focus our investigation on the behavior of the vacuum $F(G)$ theory near the Type IV singular bouncing point and also we address the stability of the resulting solution, by treating the equations of motion as a dynamical system. In addition, we investigate how the scalar perturbations of the background metric evolve, emphasizing to cosmological times near the Type IV singular bouncing point. Finally, we also investigate which mimetic vacuum $F(G)$ gravity can describe the singular bounce cosmology.
description: Significantly expanded perturbations section, important references added, PRD accepted
Anomalous Luttinger equivalence between temperature and curved spacetime: From black hole's atmosphere to thermal quenches
Creators: name: Bermond, Baptiste
name: Chernodub, Maxim
name: Grushin, Adolfo G.
name: Carpentier, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Building on the idea of Tolman and Ehrenfest that heat has weight, Luttinger established a deep connection between gravitational fields and thermal transport. However, this relation does not include anomalous quantum fluctuations that become paramount in strongly curved spacetime. In this work, we revisit the celebrated Tolman-Ehrenfest and Luttinger relations and show how to incorporate the quantum energy scales associated with these fluctuations, captured by gravitational anomalies of quantum field theories. We point out that such anomalous fluctuations naturally occur in the quantum atmosphere of a black hole. Our results reveal that analogous fluctuations are also observable in thermal conductors in flat-space time provided local temperature varies strongly. As a consequence, we establish that the gravitational anomalies manifest themselves naturally in non-linear thermal response of a quantum wire. In addition, we propose a systematic way to identify thermal analogues of black hole's anomalous quantum fluctuations associated to gravitational anomalies. We identify their signatures in propagating energy waves following a thermal quench, as well as in the energy density of heating Floquet states induced by repeated quenches.
title: Virtual Field Trips - Geological dive around the globe
Creators: name:  Khanna, Pankaj
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: This session will showcase geological field trips to some of the most spectacular outcrops around the world. Virtual Outcrops provide an opportunity to a larger audience to visualize and learn about outcrops that expose a certain geological characteristic (architecture/structure/facies heterogeneity amongst a few), and have academic/ industry relevance. In reservoir studies, outcrop analogues provide important insights into the vertical and lateral heterogeneity of reservoir properties, which in turn affect hydrocarbon recovery and cost-effective reservoir development. The advent of high resolution drone and satellite based remote sensing techniques has opened a window to illuminate a blind spot in reservoir studies that existed between low resolution 3D seismic data and high resolution 2D data from wells. The datasets included in the field trips would be (but not limited to) standard sedimentological, but also geological and petrophysical data. The presenters are allowed to use any 3D platforms which caters to their needs to carry out a 3D virtual field trip. Intended Audience: This session will present current research as well as tools and applications that are intended to be of interest to both academic and industry audience. Audience will be exposed to most current tools and applications being utilized to not only work but also display 3D outcrop models.
Design and Development of a Web-based Platform to Manage Information Resources Security in Higher Education
Creators: name: Liu, Xinyi
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: Web Design and Development
Information visualization
Risk Assessment
Information Resources Security

description: This paper describes the design and development of a web-based platform to assess, analyze, and manage information resources security in higher education. The paper studies the types of assets, threats, and vulnerabilities that are used and faced by higher education and how-to categorize them into different security levels. The platform manages information resources by creating and operating independent security projects. It takes the user’s input of asset, threat, and vulnerability information of each project as attributes and saves the data to a back-end database, then follows risk assessment metrics to calculate and determine risk value and level. Additionally, the visualization module provides the user a cross-view of all existing security projects based on the type and number of the asset, threat, and vulnerability to further assess and analyze them based on visual analytics.
An Efficient Frequency Diversity Scheme for Ultra-Reliable Communications in Two-Path Fading Channels
Creators: name: Besser, Karl-Ludwig
name: Jorswieck, Eduard A.
name: Coon, Justin P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider a two-ray ground reflection scenario with unknown distance between transmitter and receiver. By utilizing two frequencies in parallel, we can mitigate possible destructive interference and ensure ultra-reliability with only very limited knowledge at the transmitter. In order to achieve this ultra-reliability, we optimize the frequency spacing such that the worst-case receive power is maximized. Additionally, we provide an algorithm to calculate the optimal frequency spacing. Besides the receive power, we also analyze the achievable rate and outage probability. It is shown that the frequency diversity scheme achieves a significant improvement in terms of reliability over using a single frequency. In particular, we demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach by a numerical simulation of an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) flying above flat terrain.
description: 15 pages, 13 figures
title: Depositional and diagenetic processes in carbonate systems
Creators: name:  Foubert, Anneleen
name:  Pederson, Chelsea
name:  Reuning, Lars
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Modern carbonate systems such as reefs provide livelihood and ecosystem services, such as coastal protection and food security, for hundreds of millions of people. Fossil carbonate systems are important archives of environmental change and form a valuable resource for renewable energy exploration and exploitation such as geothermal heat but also for CO2 sequestration. Over the past decades, our understanding of carbonate systems has improved by the combination of traditional fieldwork with new techniques such as 3D seismic analysis, modeling, high-resolution 3D microscopy, and advanced geochemical methods. This session seeks to present studies applying state of the art methodologies in addressing open questions in the broad field of carbonate sedimentation and diagenesis. We especially encourage contributions to the following themes: 1) Anthropogenic influences on modern carbonate systems or carbonate secreting organisms, 2) Impact of diagenesis on palaeo-environmental and palaeoclimatological carbonate archives, (3) Biogeochemical and physicochemical processes driving carbonate precipitation and alteration processes, and (4) Petrophysical and geophysical characterization of carbonate systems.
title: Urban exploration using Distributed Acoustic Sensing (DAS)
Creators: name:   Wollin , Christopher
name:   Wüstefeld , Andreas
name:   Krawczyk , Charlotte
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: In contrast to traditional point-like seismometers, Distributed Accoustic Sensing (DAS) can probe the seismic wavefield along a one-dimensional trajectory at unprecedented spatial density over very long arc lengths and at very high temporal sampling rates. From onshore hydrocarbon exploration the technology has spread into numerous other applications ranging from vertical seismic profiling over onshore and offshore seismic monitoring to exploration and site characterization in dense urban agglomerations using dark telecommunication fibers. As telecommunication grids are dense, particularly the latter has the potential to facilitate urban exploration at a lowered cost and thus to shed light on the often insufficiently known local geology with advantageous consequences for the quantification not only of natural risks but also of financial risks for instance during geothermal project development. Furthermore, the durability and low-maintenance requirements of fiber cables make them ideal instruments to monitor CO2 and nuclear waste storage sites. In this session we invite recent studies that apply or evaluate DAS particularly but not solely in the exploration of urban areas. These may include for instance the instrumentation and geo-referencing of fibers, theoretical description of their coupling with the underground, active or passive seismic experiments and monitoring. We also encourage contributions on data analysis techniques.
The second law of quantum thermodynamics as an equality
Creators: name: Alhambra, Álvaro M.
name: Masanes, Lluis
name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
name: Perry, Christopher
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the connection between recent results in quantum thermodynamics and fluctuation relations by adopting a fully quantum mechanical description of thermodynamics. By including a work system whose energy is allowed to fluctuate, we derive a set of equalities which all thermodynamical transitions have to satisfy. This extends the condition for maps to be Gibbs-preserving to the case of fluctuating work, providing a more general characterisation of maps commonly used in the information theoretic approach to thermodynamics. For final states, block diagonal in the energy basis, this set of equalities are necessary and sufficient conditions for a thermodynamical state transition to be possible. The conditions serves as a parent equation which can be used to derive a number of results. These include writing the second law of thermodynamics as an equality featuring a fine-grained notion of the free energy. It also yields a generalisation of the Jarzynski fluctuation theorem which holds for arbitrary initial states, and under the most general manipulations allowed by the laws of quantum mechanics. Furthermore, we show that each of these relations can be seen as the quasi-classical limit of three fully quantum identities. This allows us to consider the free energy as an operator, and allows one to obtain more general and fully quantum fluctuation relations from the information theoretic approach to quantum thermodynamics.
description: 11+3 pages. V4: Updated to match published version. Discussion of thermo-majorization and implementing arbitary unitaries added. V3: Added funding information. V2: Expanded discussion on relation to fluctuation theorems
Community–Academic Partnerships: Addressing Health Inequities Through Community-Engaged Service Learning
Creators: name: Bernstein, M
name: Frintner, M
name: Gao, S
name: Gibbons, T
name: Green, N
name: Hildreth, D
name: Lustig, M
name: Stamps, J
name: Turner, J
name: Singer, Rebecca
name: Singer, Randi
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: In Chicago, Black men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) individuals experience higher rates of HIV diagnoses. The Southside of Chicago has a thriving house ball culture powered by MSM and TGNC individuals who are disproportionately impacted by HIV. While this community has a history of facilitating health promotion at their events, gaps exist in community-empowered education specific to this community. Through partnership between nursing students from University of Illinois Chicago (UIC) and leaders from the Southside Health Advocacy Resource Partnership (SHARP) and the University of Chicago Center for HIV Elimination (CCHE), we aimed to reduce health disparities experienced by the Black MSM/TGNC community in Chicago. We promoted COVID-19 vaccinations and obtained funding for a community-led project to reduce HIV-related stigma. Our team consisted of two community leaders, seven students, and two professors. We met weekly during the development stages and detailed notes were maintained by students and updated with next steps. Four months of collaboration demonstrated how nursing coursework can facilitate community–academic partnership and yielded a COVID-19 viral vaccination promotion video, community administration of vaccines, and SHARP’s procurement of funding to implement a project to reduce HIV-related stigma. Students learned the importance of community leaders’ presence when bringing health care to communities. Community leaders learned to communicate population needs and best utilize students as a resource. Enriching nursing curriculum using an integrated service-learning format offers the opportunity for student development while simultaneously serving the community.
Multidimensional entropic bound: Estimator of entropy production for general Langevin dynamics with an arbitrary time-dependent protocol
Creators: name: Lee, Sangyun
name: Kim, Dong-Kyum
name: Park, Jong-Min
name: Kim, Won Kyu
name: Park, Hyunggyu
name: Lee, Jae Sung
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entropy production (EP) is a key quantity in thermodynamics, and yet measuring EP has remained a challenging task. Here we introduce an EP estimator, called multidimensional entropic bound (MEB), utilizing an ensemble of trajectories without knowing the details of a given system. MEB is a unified method in the sense that it is applicable to both overdamped and underdamped Langevin dynamics, irrespective of the time dependence of the driving protocol. In addition, MEB is computationally efficient because optimization is unnecessary. We apply our developed estimator to three physical systems driven by time-dependent protocols pertaining to experiments using optical tweezers: a dragged Brownian particle, a pulling process of a harmonic chain, and an unfolding process of an RNA hairpin. Numerical simulations confirm the validity and efficiency of our method.
description: 12 pages, 3 figures
Asymmetrical inheritance of plasmids depends on dynamic cellular geometry and volume exclusion effects
Creators: name: Denton, Jai
name: Ghosh, Atiyo
name: Marquez-Lago, Tatiana T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Subcellular Processes (q-bio.SC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The asymmetrical inheritance of plasmid DNA, as well as other cellular components, has been shown to be involved in replicative aging. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, there is an ongoing debate regarding the mechanisms underlying this important asymmetry. Currently proposed models suggest it is established via diffusion, but differ on whether a diffusion barrier is necessary or not. However, no study so far incorporated key aspects to segregation, such as dynamic morphology changes throughout anaphase or plasmids size. Here, we determine the distinct effects and contributions of individual cellular variability, plasmid volume and moving boundaries in the asymmetric segregation of plasmids. We do this by measuring cellular nuclear geometries and plasmid diffusion rates with confocal microscopy, subsequently incorporating this data into a growing domain stochastic spatial simulator. Our modelling and simulations confirms that plasmid asymmetrical inheritance does not require an active barrier to diffusion, and provides a full analysis on plasmid size effects.
description: 36 pages, 4 main figures, 8 figures and text supplementary materials
Understanding Disability through Literature: The Portrayal of Characters with Multiple Sclerosis in Adult Fiction
Creators: name: Minor, Jennie
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014
Subjects: Multiple Sclerosis--Fiction
Parents with Disabilities--Fiction
MS Patients--Fiction

description: This study used content analysis to examine works of literature that depict characters with multiple sclerosis in adult fiction. The purpose of this study was to examine how characters with multiple sclerosis are portrayed and viewed in literature that is available for adults. Specifically, this paper investigated what novels are available to readers, whether or not multiple sclerosis is described with medical accuracy and candidness while still treating these characters in a dignified manner, and how these characters respond to and cope with their diagnosis as well as how other characters in the novels react to this disease. Out of over forty relevant titles found, only the twenty-five novels most readily available in libraries were chosen and read, and fifteen of those analyzed. Overall, the books were found to be surprisingly diversified in genre, characterization, and writing style, and to be medically accurate.
Prospects for detecting decreasing exoplanet frequency with main sequence age using PLATO
Creators: name: Veras, Dimitri
name: Brown, David J. A.
name: Mustill, Alexander J.
name: Pollacco, Don
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The space mission PLATO will usher in a new era of exoplanetary science by expanding our current inventory of transiting systems and constraining host star ages, which are currently highly uncertain. This capability might allow PLATO to detect changes in planetary system architecture with time, particularly because planetary scattering due to Lagrange instability may be triggered long after the system was formed. Here, we utilize previously published instability timescale prescriptions to determine PLATO's capability to detect a trend of decreasing planet frequency with age for systems with equal-mass planets. For two-planet systems, our results demonstrate that PLATO may detect a trend for planet masses which are at least as massive as super-Earths. For systems with three or more planets, we link their initial compactness to potentially detectable frequency trends in order to aid future investigations when these populations will be better characterized.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Evaporation of a Kerr-black-bounce by emission of scalar particles
Creators: name: Calzá, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a regular rotating black hole evaporating under the Hawking emission of a single scalar field. The black hole is described by the Kerr-black-bounce metric with a nearly extremal regularizing parameter $\ell=0.99r_+$. We compare the results with a Kerr black hole evaporating under the same conditions. Firstly, we compute the gray-body factors and show that the Kerr-black-bounce evolves towards a non-Schwartzchild-like asymptotic state with $a_* \sim 0.47$, differently from a Kerr black hole whose asymptotic spin would be $a_* \sim 0.555$. We show that this result depends on the combined contributions of the differences in the gray-body factors and the surface gravity affected by the regularizing parameter. We also discuss how the surface gravity affects the temperature and the primary emissivity and decreases those quantities with respect to the Kerr black hole. Consequently, the regular black hole has a longer lifetime. Finally, we briefly comment on the possibility of investigating the beyond-the-horizon structure of a black hole exploiting its Hawking emission.
description: 11 pages, 18 figures
Psychotria marginata Sw.
Creators: name: MONRO, A. K.
name: SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D.
name: GONZÁLEZ, F.
name: CHACÓN, O.
name: SOLANO, D.
name: RODRÍGUEZ, A.
name: ZAMORA, N.
name: FEDELE, E.
name: CORREA, M.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Gentianales
Rubiaceae
Psychotria
Psychotria marginata

description: Psychotria marginata Sw.
(CR), Cafecillo (P).
 Terrestrial shrubs or trees. Distribution in PILA 0–1000 m, low elevation mixed forest, mixed forest in transition to low elevation forest,, dense thicket. Global distribution: Mexico to Bolivia Antilles. Records: A.K. Monro 5084 (BM, INB).
description: Published as part of MONRO, A. K., SANTAMARÍA-AGUILAR, D., GONZÁLEZ, F., CHACÓN, O., SOLANO, D., RODRÍGUEZ, A., ZAMORA, N., FEDELE, E. & CORREA, M., 2017, A first checklist to the vascular plants of La Amistad International Park (PILA), Costa Rica-Panama, pp. 448-450 in Phytotaxa 322 (1) on pages 448-450, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.322.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13698397
Special Collections Instruction and the Undergraduate Student: A Study of the Wilson Special Collections Library's Collaboration with the Introductory English Program at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Creators: name: Guthrie, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Bibliographic instruction--College and university students
Libraries--Special collections
Library instruction

description: This study presents the results of a survey distributed to first-year undergraduate students at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The survey examined instruction offered at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill's Louis Round Wilson Special
Collections Library to undergraduate students during the spring semester of 2015.Focusing on first-year undergraduates enrolled in the University's required introductory English course, the survey collected information about the student experience in special collections instruction and the impact of instruction on the ability of undergraduates to conduct research at Wilson Library. The survey produced thirty-five responses and revealed that students, while largely unfamiliar with special collections research, found the instruction session useful and relevant to their immediate needs. Survey responses also revealed a number of challenges faced by both students and library instructional staff and suggest that future instruction may benefit from changes in practice.
Comment Analysis Using a Faceted Search Interface
Creators: name: Gargard, Martina
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Faceted navigation
Comment Analysis
Interactive Comments in Schema (ICIS)

description: This paper discusses using a hierarchical multi-faceted search interface for simple comment analysis utilizing the Interactive Comments in Schema (ICIS) tool. ICIS was developed at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC-CH) School of Information and Library Science (SILS) for viewing, exploring and sharing feedback comments from some UNC Libraries. It integrates a hierarchical faceted schema, search function and faceted filters for manipulating the retrieved dataset.
A research study was designed to evaluate ICIS's usability in exploring the comments, answering questions about the library services and assess if a faceted search interface is adequate for simple comment analysis. The study also compared the tool to a baseline search interface to evaluate the effects of its design over a simple search system. The findings show that all participants preferred ICIS and liked its flexibility of options in finding and viewing information. Overall performance was slightly better using ICIS.
Partition function of N=2* SYM on a large four-sphere
Creators: name: Hollowood, Timothy J.
name: Kumar, S. Prem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the partition function of N=2* supersymmetric SU(N) Yang-Mills theory on the four-sphere in the large radius limit. We point out that the large radius partition function, at fixed N, is computed by saddle points lying on particular walls of marginal stability on the Coulomb branch of the theory on R^4. For N an even (odd) integer and θ_YM=0, (π), these include a point of maximal degeneration of the Donagi-Witten curve to a torus where BPS dyons with electric charge [N/2] become massless. We argue that the dyon singularity is the lone saddle point in the SU(2) theory, while for SU(N) with N>2, we characterize potentially competing saddle points by obtaining the relations between the Seiberg-Witten periods at such points. Using Nekrasov's instanton partition function, we solve for the maximally degenerate saddle point and obtain its free energy as a function of g_YM and N, and show that the results are "large-N exact". In the large-N theory our results provide analytical expressions for the periods/eigenvalues at the maximally degenerate saddle point, precisely matching previously known formulae following from the correspondence between N=2* theory and the elliptic Calogero-Moser integrable model. The maximally singular point ceases to be a saddle point of the partition function above a critical value of the coupling, in agreement with the recent findings of Russo and Zarembo.
description: Replaced with version to appear in JHEP. Typos corrected, added discussion on S-duality of the partition function. 47 pages, 8 figures, uses latex
The Changing Face of Cultural Heritage and Art Archives: The Challenge and Promise of Online, Digital Repositories
Creators: name: Williams, Megan
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Virtual archives
Digital archives
Online archives

description: Cultural heritage and art archives that exist exclusively online are becoming increasingly popular, however little has been written about their particularities. This paper presents an exploratory study of four different online cultural heritage archives: the African American Performance art Archive, Documents of 20th - century Latin American and Latino Art, Public Art Archive and Europeana. Through website analysis, each project was surveyed with respect to their mission, producer, collection development, collection materials and online presence. A synthesis of that information compares the online archives to one another and to traditional, physical archives and argues that although online archives represent a challenge to certain archival principles and practices, they also embody the monumental changes in archival science brought forth by postmodern theory and the internet. These projects raise important questions about what an archive is and what it can achieve, and should therefore be included in wider discussions about the future of the field.
Research and innovation challenges for better policies in food systems and bioeconomy transitions - evidence from Poland
Creators: name: Chmieliński, Pawel
name: Wieliczko, Barbara
name: Chmieliński, Pawel
name: Wieliczko, Barbara
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: value chain
subject: food systems
subject: SWOT analysis
subject: research and innovation
subject: BIOEAST
subject: CEEC
subject: Poland

description: Climate changes and depleting natural resources call for the urgent sustainability transition of the economy. This also refers to food systems, which are a vital part of the economy directly linked to the nature. The first step in creating better forward-looking policies for the transition of food systems is identification of knowledge gaps to target R&D spending. In the paper we focus on the presentation and analysis of research directions that constitute future challenges for the transformation of research and development in Poland. The methodology of research applied in the study is based on participatory action research philosophy. The approach to determine the research challenges and needs included round tables and focus groups under the BIOEAST initiative. The results show that the most important weakness is low level of R&D expenditure in bioeconomy sectors, while the strength is a large number of new active entities for implementation of innovations, supporting bioeconomy and science-practice cooperation. The key recommendation is increasing the R&D spending and prepare national bioeconomy strategy to make use of the large potential of the Polish bioeconomy sector.
Metrology with $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric cavities: Enhanced sensitivity near the $\mathcal{PT}$-phase transition
Creators: name: Liu, Zhong-Peng
name: Zhang, Jing
name: Özdemir, Şahin Kaya
name: Peng, Bo
name: Jing, Hui
name: Lü, Xin-You
name: Li, Chun-Wen
name: Yang, Lan
name: Nori, Franco
name: Liu, Yu-xi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and analyze a new approach based on parity-time ($\mathcal{PT}$) symmetric microcavities with balanced gain and loss to enhance the performance of cavity-assisted metrology. We identify the conditions under which $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric microcavities allow to improve sensitivity beyond what is achievable in loss-only systems. We discuss its application to the detection of mechanical motion, and show that the sensitivity is significantly enhanced in the vicinity of the transition point from unbroken- to broken-$\mathcal{PT}$ regimes. We believe that our results open a new direction for $\mathcal{PT}$-symmetric physical systems and it may find use in ultra-high precision metrology and sensing.
Realizing Topological Transition in a Non-Hermitian Quantum Walk with Circuit QED
Creators: name: Huang, Yizhou
name: Yin, Zhang-qi
name: Yang, W. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We extend the non-Hermitian one-dimensional quantum walk model [Phys. Rev. Lett. 102, 065703 (2009)] by taking the dephasing effect into account. We prove that the feature of topological transition does not change even when dephasing between the sites within units is present. The potential experimental observation of our theoretical results in the circuit QED system consisting of superconducting qubit coupled to a superconducting resonator mode is discussed and numerically simulated. The results clearly show a topological transition in quantum walk and display the robustness of such a system to the decay and dephasing of qubits. We also discuss how to extend this model to higher dimension in the circuit QED system.
description: 8 pages, 9 figures; published version
A Rights-based Approach in Ensuring Environmental Justice in Nigeria
Creators: name: Odili, Joel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Environment
Human rights
Justice

description: Environmental pollution is transboundary, cutting across a large area and can affect an entire community. The affected parties are in most cases, left handicapped due to the high threshold in seeking common law remedies and the attendant problems of environmental civil litigation. The statutory framework has done little to ensure environmental justice in Nigeria. It can be argued that the reason why the problem of environmental pollution persists in Nigeria is due to the attitude of the government, seeking to advance the economy at the cost of a safe and healthy environment. This has been reflected in the gas flaring activities of multinational oil corporations, oil spillage in the Niger Delta environs, and the land pollution in various parts of the country, especially Lagos State. Hence, it has become necessary to shift to a rights-based approach in seeking justice for victims of environmental degradation. The rationale behind this approach is that damage done to the environment adversely affects the living conditions of the inhabitants of that environment, leading to an infraction of the right to life. Thus, an attempt would be made to look at the general conception of environmental rights and the employment of the right as a medium for environmental justice especially in Nigeria where the right to environmental protection is non-justiciable. Also, a comparative analysis with India would be examined in order to elicit the best practices adopted in that jurisdiction which are suitable for the Nigerian situation. The research project concludes with recommendations that are geared towards securing the eco-system through the medium of human rights.
title: Selective lithium extraction from geothermal brines by sorption
Creators: name:  Reich ,  Rebekka Sophie
name:  Slunitschek ,  Klemens
name:  Eiche ,  Elisabeth
name:  Kolb ,  Jochen
name:  Danisi ,  Rosa Micaela
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2021

description: Lithium is an important compound in several industrial applications and is mostly found in lithium ion batteries (LIBs), ceramics and glass. Lithium deposits are hosted in pegmatites, sedimentary rocks and brines (i.e., salt lakes, salars, oilfield brines, and geothermal brines) comprising 25 - 26 %, 8 % and 59 - 66% of the world’s Li resources, respectively. Geothermal brines in the Upper Rhine Graben, Germany, with Li concentrations of up to 200 mg/L and resources of 2.7 Mt Li2CO3 represent potentially economically mineable Li deposits. The scope of our project is to extract Li from these high saline (i.e., TDS ~100 - 200 g/L) geothermal brines by sorption using natural and synthetic zeolite and clay minerals. These high saline brines are slightly acidic in pH and characterized by high concentrations of major cations (e.g., Na+ up to 60 g/L, K+ up to 4 g/L, Ca2+ up to 11 g/L and Mg2+ up to 1.9 g/L) and anions (e.g., Cl- up to 120 g/L and SO42- up to 1.5 g/L). Synthetic zeolite 13X and natural clinoptilolite-mordenite-montmorillonite mixtures have been used for preliminary sorption experiments. We performed batch sorption experiments with synthetic Li-solutions and variable concentrations and temperatures between 25 – 60 °C. Furthermore, we studied the effect of competing ions (e.g., Na+) on Li-sorption. Thereby, we investigate the different materials for sorption capacity and kinetics, chemical stability, structural effects of Li incorporation and their applicability to geothermal brines.
Model geometries of finitely generated groups
Creators: name: Margolis, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F65 (Primary) 20F67 57M07 (Secondary)

description: We study model geometries of finitely generated groups. If a finitely generated group does not contain a non-trivial finite rank free abelian commensurated subgroup, we show any model geometry is dominated by either a symmetric space of non-compact type, an infinite locally finite vertex-transitive graph, or a product of such spaces. We also prove that a finitely generated group possesses a model geometry not dominated by a locally finite graph if and only if it contains either a commensurated finite rank free abelian subgroup, or a uniformly commensurated subgroup that is a uniform lattice in a semisimple Lie group. This characterises finitely generated groups that embed as uniform lattices in locally compact groups that are not compact-by-(totally disconnected). We show the only such groups of cohomological two are surface groups and generalised Baumslag-Solitar groups, and we obtain an analogous characterisation for groups of cohomological dimension three.
description: 39 pages. Comments welcome
Evaluating Case Investigation and Contact Tracing: Evidence From a Randomized Stepped-Wedge Trial
Creators: name: Raymond, Cameron
name: Ho, Daniel
name: Ouyang, Derek
name: Lu, Lisa
name: Anderson, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Policy Design, Analysis, and Evaluation
subject: Public Health
subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Case investigation and contact tracing (CICT) has been a fundamental public health practice during the COVID-19 pandemic, but little causal evidence exists on its effectiveness. In partnership with the Santa Clara County Public Health Department, this study utilizes a stepped-wedge (randomized rollout) trial to overcome the political and ethical constraints of randomizing the allocation of contact tracing resources. In doing so, we aim to evaluate the effectiveness of COVID-19 contact tracing on community transmission, resource linkage, and other meaningful individual and broader public health outcomes.
Today's Field Recordings, Tomorrow's Archives: A Survey of Media Formats and Storage Practices Used by Ethnomusicology Professors
Creators: name: Wood, Jessica
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013
Subjects: Audiovisual archives
Music archives
Digital preservation

description: This paper investigates the current practices and future plans of ethnomusicology professors in the archiving of their field recordings. Citing literature on ethnomusicologists' increasing distrust of field recordings as authentic data sources, and on the associations of field recordings archives with histories of colonialism, the study investigates whether negative associations with ethnomusicology archives correlates with a decreased likelihood of future deposits. The survey also measures ethnomusicologists' knowledge of archival practices, particularly with regard to format, digital file storage, and metadata. Findings suggest that a majority of scholars still plan to deposit their materials at an institutional archive and that these scholars anticipate academic researchers to be the primary users of their archives.
Probing spin dynamics from the Mott insulating to the superfluid regime in a dipolar lattice gas
Creators: name: de Paz, Aurélie
name: Pedri, Paolo
name: Sharma, Arijit
name: Efremov, Maxim
name: Naylor, Bruno
name: Gorceix, Olivier
name: Maréchal, Etienne
name: Vernac, Laurent
name: Laburthe-Tolra, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the spin dynamics of an out-of-equilibrium large spin dipolar atomic Bose gas in an optical lattice. We observe a smooth crossover from a complex oscillatory behavior to an exponential behavior throughout the Mott to superfluid transition. While both of these regimes are well described by our theoretical models, we provide data in the intermediate regime where dipolar interactions, contact interactions, and super-exchange mechanisms compete. In this strongly correlated regime, spin dynamics and transport are coupled, which challenges theoretical models for quantum magnetism.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, includes supplemental material
Theatre Archives in the Triangle: The American Theatre Archive Project in North Carolina
Creators: name: Edwards, Brenna
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2018
Subjects: American Theatre Archive Project
Community archives
Archives surveys
Theater archives--North Carolina

description: This study describes a questionnaire survey and interviews with representatives from local theatre companies in the Triangle area (Raleigh, Durham, Chapel Hill) of North Carolina regarding the American Theatre Archive Project. The survey and interviews were conducted to determine how widely known the American Theatre Archive Project is known in the Triangle, and the impact, if any, it has had on the local theatre scene.A survey and three semi-structured interviews were used to gather information. Of the 30 theatres contacted, a total of six responded overall. The survey showed local theatres have archives, but they do not have the funding or staff to maintain them consistently. The interviews confirmed this, while also exploring the intersection between archives and theatre. A sense of community and responsibility to preserve theatres’ histories appeared throughout these interviews. Archives can help connect audiences with history, they just need a little help getting started.
Critical Phenomena of Dynamical Delocalization in Quantum Anderson Map
Creators: name: Yamada, Hiroaki S.
name: Matsui, Fumihiro
name: Ikeda, Kensuke S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a quantum map version of one-dimensional Anderson model, the localization-delocalization transition of quantum diffusion induced by coherent dynamical perturbation is investigated in comparison with quantum standard map. Existence of critical phenomena, which depends on the number of frequency component $M$, is demonstrated. Diffusion exponents agree with theoretical prediction for the transition, but the critical exponent of the localization length deviates from it with increase in the $M$. The critical power $ε_c$ of the normalized perturbation at the transition point remarkably decreases as $ε_c \sim (M-1)^{-1}$.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
"I Don't Care What Color You Are": The Depiction of Adolescent Interracial Romances in Young Adult Novels
Creators: name: Southwell, Margaret
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2015
Subjects: Love stories--Interracial
Content analysis
Young adult fiction

description: This study used qualitative content analysis to examine the way in which adolescent interracial romances are portrayed in Young Adult novels. The purpose of the study was not only to identify the consistent, overarching themes in the novels but also to compare their depiction of adolescent interracial romances to the research on the reality of the experience of these relationships. Seven realistic fiction, YA novels in which the protagonists date interracially were selected for the study, and analyzed in depth using several guiding questions based on the literature, emergent coding, and the constant comparative method. Overall, the study found that the portrayal of adolescent interracial romances in these novels was positive, encouraging the hope for a more tolerant, integrated society in the future. Surprisingly, race was not the focus of most of the novels, and the difference in race was often only a secondary obstacle to the relationships.
Qualitative Analysis of KEA Automatic Indexing Algorithm
Creators: name: Marathe, Madhura
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010
Subjects: Indexing Automatic Indexing

description: While working with documents on the Internet, we commonly rely on search engines to retrieve information for us. Authors of the document often identify keyphrases which would make it easier for people to search conceptually and thematically rather than solely by keywords. In the absence of author identified  keyphrases, professional human indexers do this job. With the ever growing number of documents on the Internet and with the rising popularity of digital libraries, it is almost impossible to have professional human indexers assign and manage keyphrases for all of the many documents on the Internet. For this reason, automatic indexers are built. However, accuracy and  efficiency are important desirable characteristics of an automatic indexer. This study is a qualitative evaluation of the accuracy of the KEA automatic indexing algorithm. The results of the automatic indexer are compared with the indexing done by professional indexers using a controlled vocabulary.
Gender Bias and Stereotypes in Dystopian Young Adult Literature
Creators: name: Kimsey, Christina M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011
Subjects: Young adults' literature
Young adults' literature--Evaluation

description: The research published on gender roles in young adult fiction is more limited than that of  children's literature, but no less important to study for its potential impact on  adolescence. Dystopian literature for young adults is growing increasingly popular. This  study used content analysis to examine fifteen dystopian novels for young adults for the  presence of gender bias and stereotypes based on sixteen predefined characteristics.  Gender Schema Theory, the idea that children learn gender roles from society, is used as  a basis for defining gender stereotypes. Results were coded to detect trends in gender  stereotypes present in the sample. No gender bias was identified in the sample.  Characters of both genders displayed traits against their stereotypical norm. An analysis  of these observations will hopefully illuminate how gender roles are portrayed in  dystopian fiction for young adults.