cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Does the US Government Hedge against Fiscal Risk?
Creators: name: Berndt, Antje
name: Lustig, Hanno
name: Sevin Yeltekin Sleet
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We develop a method for measuring the amount of insurance the portfolio of government
liabilities provides against fiscal shocks, and apply it to postwar US data. We define fiscal shocks
as surprises in defense spending. Our results indicate that the US federal government is partially
hedged against wars and other surprise increases in defense expenditures. Seven percent of the
total cost of defense spending shocks in the postwar era was absorbed by lower real returns
on the federal government's outstanding liabilities. More than half of this is due to reductions
in expected future, rather than contemporaneous, holding returns on government debt. This
implies that changes in US government's fiscal position help predict future bond returns. Our
results also have implications for active management of government debt.
The topic of bibliotherapy, self-help and well-being in open science in Croatia
Creators: name: Žurić Jakovina, Iva
name: Mumelaš, Dolores
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Bibliotherapy
Citizen science
Open science
Self-help
Well-being

description: This poster presentation will present the results of the citizen science activity "Self-help and well-being in an academic online environment", which focuses on scientific sources in open access. The activity was organized by the National and University Library in Zagreb in collaboration with the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences and Faculty of Humanities and Social sciences in Rijeka as part of the Croatian Book Month and the international open science and citizen science project CeOS_SE. The idea of holding this activity came from the motto of the 2022 Croatian Book Month, "Think about yourself – read", which focused on the mental health of young people. Students participated in the activity and searched the Portal of Croatian Scientific and Professional Journals Hrčak using the keywords self-help, well-being, and bibliotherapy. The students searched, selected, and collected data, including the article ID, article name, article URL, author, name of the journal, year of publication, language, keywords, and the number of views of the article record in relation to the number of searches. This method is called crowdsourcing and represents the first level of citizen science. The activity is related to one of the UN's sustainable development goals (Goal 3: health and well-being) and at the same time highlights the importance of open access and open science and independent information search. The poster presentation will show how topics such as self-help, well-being, and bibliotherapy are represented in Croatian scientific publications in open access. The importance of open science in publishing and sharing important and relevant information will be emphasized. Theoretical part of the research presents the concept of self-help as a cultural phenomenon which is studied through self-help books as texts that give advices for almost every aspects of life. Considering there is hiperproduction of the self-help discourse in public discourse, this paper analyses conditions that enabled birth and development of such specific outlook on life.
On the converse of Fuzzy Lagrange's Theorem
Creators: name: Tarnauceanu, Marius
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In fuzzy group theory many versions of the well-known Lagrange's theorem have been studied. The aim of this article is to investigate the converse of one of those results. This leads to an interesting characterization of finite cyclic groups.
Counterparts of Candidate Dusty Starbursts at z > 6
Creators: name: Yan, Haojing
name: Ling, Chenxiaoji
name: Ma, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the optical-to-near-IR counterparts of a sample of candidate dusty starbursts at z > 6. These objects were pre-selected based on the rising trend of their far-infrared-to-sub-millimeter spectral energy distributions and the fact that they are radio-weak. Their precise positions are available through millimeter and/or radio interferometry, which enable us to search for their counterparts in the deep optical-to-near-IR images. The sample include five z > 6 candidates. Three of them have their counterparts identified, one is still invisible in the deepest images, and one is a known galaxy at z = 5.667 that is completely blocked by a foreground galaxy. The three with counterparts identified are analyzed using population systhesis model, and they have photometric redshift solutions ranging from 7.5 to 9.0. Assuming that they are indeed at these redshifts and that they are not gravitationally lensed, their total IR luminosities are 10^{13.8-14.1} L_sun and the inferred star formation rates are 6.3--13 x 10^3 M_sun/yr. The existence of dusty starbursts at such redshifts would imply that the universe must be forming stars intensely very early in time in at least some galaxies, otherwise there would not be enough dust to produce the descendants observed at these redshifts. The inferred host galaxy stellar masses of these three objects, which are at >~ 10^{11} M_sun (if not affected by gravitational lensing), present a difficulty in explanation unless we are willing to accept that their progenitors either kept forming stars at a rate of >~ 10^3 M_sun/yr or were formed through intense instantaneous bursts. Spectroscopic confirmation of such objects will be imperative.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Non-equilibrium thermodynamical framework for rate- and state-dependent friction
Creators: name: Ván, P.
name: Mitsui, N.
name: Hatano, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rate- and state-dependent friction law for velocity-step and healing are analysed from a thermodynamic point of view. Assuming a logarithmic deviation from steady-state a unification of the classical Dieterich and Ruina models of rock friction is proposed.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Open Access: A snapshot of the landscape in Australia & Aotearoa New Zealand in 2022
Creators: name: Catterall, Janet
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open access
Scholarly publishing
Open research
Open scholarship
Bibliodiversity
Open repositories
Open publishing
Open journals
Australasia
Australia
Aotearoa
New Zealand
Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative
COKI

description: Open Access (OA) publication rates in Australia and Aotearoa New Zealand (ANZ) falls behind that of many countries. This poster will present the results of a recent Open Access Australasia (OAA) https://oaaustralasia.org/ project looking at OA initiatives undertaken at an institutional level across university, health, government and non-profit research active sectors. We investigated OA institutional practice in the form of policies, statements and guidelines; use of repositories; and publishing of open journals and books. To date there has not been a detailed investigation into OA practice in research institutions across the region that seeks to map this range of practice, draws comparison across sectors and surfaces the diversity of approaches to OA. This poster will also show an additional result of the study: the relationship between institutional OA practice and actual open research output using data from the Curtin Open Knowledge Initiative https://openknowledge.community/. This poster will present results showing that the university sector has the greatest institutional practice of OA but the lowest overall rate of OA output and that across all sectors there is no obvious association between the number of institutional OA initiatives and the average rate of OA publications. It is also clear from our analysis that all sectors are practicing diverse and often overlapping ways of making their research open, which highlights the importance of maintaining health bibliodiversity in the publishing landscape.
Exact solutions for gravitational collapse with a dilaton field in arbitrary dimensions
Creators: name: Maki, Takuya
name: Shiraishi, Kiyoshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present time-dependent analytic solutions to the Einstein equations coupled with a dilaton (scalar) field. The background geometry for the solutions is a product of an N-dimensional spherically symmetric space and a d-dimensional flat space. We discuss the global properties of the spacetime.
description: 15 pages, 2 eps figures
Additional file 4 of Single-cell RNA-seq reveals alterations in peripheral CX3CR1 and nonclassical monocytes in familial tauopathy
Creators: name: Sirkis, Daniel W.
name: Warly Solsberg, Caroline
name: Johnson, Taylor P.
name: Bonham, Luke W.
name: Sturm, Virginia E.
name: Lee, Suzee E.
name: Rankin, Katherine P.
name: Rosen, Howard J.
name: Boxer, Adam L.
name: Seeley, William W.
name: Miller, Bruce L.
name: Geier, Ethan G.
name: Yokoyama, Jennifer S.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 4: Figures S1-S9. All supplementary figures.
Smoothly Splitting Amplitudes and Semi-Locality
Creators: name: Cachazo, Freddy
name: Early, Nick
name: Umbert, Bruno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study a novel behavior developed by certain tree-level scalar scattering amplitudes, including the biadjoint, NLSM, and special Galileon, when a subset of kinematic invariants vanishes without producing a singularity. This behavior exhibits properties which we call $\textit{smooth splitting}$ and $\textit{semi-locality}$. The former means that an amplitude becomes the product of exactly three amputated Berends-Giele currents, while the latter means that any two currents share one external particle. We call these smooth splittings 3-splits. In fact, there are exactly $\binom{n}{3}-n$ such 3-splits, one for each generic, interior triangle in a polygon; as they cannot be obtained from standard factorization, they are a new phenomenon in Quantum Field Theory. In fact, the resulting splitting is analogous to the one first seen in Cachazo-Early-Guevara-Mizera (CEGM) amplitudes which generalize standard cubic scalar amplitudes from their ${\rm Tr}\, G(2,n)$ formulation to ${\rm Tr}\, G(k,n)$, where ${\rm Tr}\, G(k,n)$ is the tropical Grassmannian. Along the way, we show how smooth splittings naturally lead to the discovery of mixed amplitudes in the NLSM and special Galileon theories and to novel BCFW-like recursion relations for NLSM amplitudes.
description: 49 pages, 13 figures. V2. Corrected typos; added Section 6.7 on smooth 2-splits in k=3 CEGM generalized amplitudes
Vacuum Polarization of STU Black Holes and their Subtracted Geometry Limit
Creators: name: Cvetic, Mirjam
name: Gibbons, Gary W.
name: Saleem, Zain H.
name: Satz, Alejandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the vacuum polarization of a massless minimally coupled scalar field at the horizon of four-charge STU black holes. We compare the results for the standard asymptotically flat black holes and for the black holes obtained in the "subtracted limit", both in the general static case and at the horizon pole for the general rotating case. The original and the subtracted results are identical only in the BPS limit, and have opposite sign in the extremal Kerr limit. We also compute the vacuum polarization on the static solutions that interpolate between both the original and the subtracted case through a solution-generating transformation and show that the vacuum polarization stays positive throughout the interpolating solution. In the Appendix we provide a closed-form solution for the Green's function on general (static or rotating) subtracted black hole geometries.
description: 22 pages, 2 figures
Electrically charged finite energy solutions of an $SO(5)$ and an $SU(3)$ Higgs-Chern-Simons--Yang-Mills-Higgs systems in $3+1$ dimensions
Creators: name: Navarro-Lerida, Francisco
name: Tchrakian, D. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study spherically symmetric finite energy solutions of two Higgs-Chern-Simons--Yang-Mills-Higgs (HCS-YMH) models in $3+1$ dimensions, one with gauge group $SO(5)$ and the other with $SU(3)$. The Chern-Simons (CS) densities are defined in terms of both the Yang-Mills (YM) and Higgs fields and the choice of the two gauge groups is made so they do not vanish. The solutions of the $SO(5)$ model carry only electric charge and zero magnetic charge, while the solutions of the $SU(3)$ model are dyons carrying both electric and magnetic charges like the Julia-Zee (JZ) dyon. Unlike the latter however, the electric charge in both models receives an important contribution from the CS dynamics. We pay special attention to the relation between the energies and charges of these solutions. In contrast with the electrically charged JZ dyon of the Yang-Mills-Higgs (YMH) system, whose mass is larger than that of the electrically neutral (magnetic monopole) solutions, the masses of the electrically charged solutions of our HCS-YMH models can be smaller than their electrically neutral counterparts in some parts of the parameter space. To establish this is the main task of this work, which is performed by constructing the HCS-YMH solutions numerically. In the case of the $SU(3)$ HCS-YMH, we have considered the question of angular momentum, and it turns out that it vanishes.
description: 20 pages, 10 figures
Collapsing Complexity: Quantifying Multiscale Properties of Reef Topography
Creators: name: Hench, J.L.
name: Rosman, J.H.
name: Duvall, M.S.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2019

description: Seafloor topography affects a wide range of physical and biological processes; therefore, collapsing the three-dimensional structure of the bottom to roughness metrics is a common challenge in studies of marine systems. Here we assessed the properties captured by metrics previously proposed for the seafloor, as well as metrics developed to characterize other types of rough surfaces. We considered three classes of metrics: properties of the bottom elevation distribution (e.g., standard deviation), length scale ratios (e.g., rugosity), and metrics that describe how topography varies with spatial scale (e.g., Hölder exponents). The metrics were assessed using idealized topography and natural seafloor topography data from airborne lidar measurements of a coral reef. We illustrate that common roughness metrics (e.g., rugosity) can have the same value for topographies that are geometrically very different, limiting their utility. Application of the wavelet leaders technique to the reef data set demonstrates that the topography has a power law scaling behavior, but it is multifractal so a distribution of Hölder exponents is needed to describe its scaling behavior. Using principal component analysis, we identify three dominant modes of topographic variability, or ways metrics covary, among and within reef zones. Collectively, the results presented here show that coral reef topography is both multiscale and multifractal. While individual metrics that capture specific topography properties relevant to a given process may be suitable for some studies, many applications will require a set of metrics that includes statistics that capture how topography varies with spatial scale.
Formality properties of finitely generated groups and Lie algebras
Creators: name: Suciu, Alexander I.
name: Wang, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F40, 16S37, 16W70, 17B70, 20F14, 20F18, 20J05, 55P62, 57M05

description: We explore the graded and filtered formality properties of finitely generated groups by studying the various Lie algebras over a field of characteristic 0 attached to such groups, including the Malcev Lie algebra, the associated graded Lie algebra, the holonomy Lie algebra, and the Chen Lie algebra. We explain how these notions behave with respect to split injections, coproducts, direct products, as well as field extensions, and how they are inherited by solvable and nilpotent quotients. A key tool in this analysis is the 1-minimal model of the group, and the way this model relates to the aforementioned Lie algebras. Another approach to formality is provided by Taylor expansions from the group to the completion of the associated graded algebra of the group ring. We illustrate our approach with examples drawn from a variety of group-theoretic and topological contexts, such as finitely generated torsion-free nilpotent groups, link groups, and fundamental groups of Seifert fibered manifolds.
description: 41 pages; accepted for publication in Forum Mathematicum
Fragmented Networks and Entrepreneurship in Late Imperial Russia
Creators: name: Hillmann, Henning
name: Aven, Brandy
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Emergent economies suffer from underdeveloped market infrastructures and insufficient public institutions to enforce contract commitments and property rights. Informal reputation-based arrangements may substitute for government enforcement, but they require close-knit networks that enable monitoring. Economic development also requires access to capital, information, and other resources, which is enabled by wide-reaching and diverse networks and not by closure. How is entrepreneurship possible given these conflicting demands? In this article, the authors examine how partnership networks and reputation channel the mobilization of capital for new enterprises, using quantitative information on 4,172 corporate partnerships during the industrialization of late imperial Russia (1869–1913). They find that reputation is locally effective in small and homogeneous network components. By contrast, founders in the largest components that form the network core raise more capital from investors but benefit less from reputation and more from brokerage opportunities and ties that reach diverse communities.
Interaction of Waves with Idealized High-Relief Bottom Roughness
Creators: name: Yu, X.
name: Rosman, J.H.
name: Hench, J.L.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing Ltd
Year: 2018

description: Considerable uncertainty exists about how to represent wave bottom friction in coastal systems like reefs where orbital excursions are similar to roughness element size. Here, interactions between waves and large bottom roughness were investigated using Large Eddy Simulations of oscillatory flow over infinite hemisphere arrays. Wave amplitude, period, and hemisphere spacing were varied to investigate the dependence of kinematics and dynamics on dimensionless parameters. The net effect of topography on the oscillatory flow was assessed using a spatially and phase-averaged Navier-Stokes framework. Dynamics depended strongly on Keulegan-Carpenter number (KC), the ratio of wave orbital excursion to roughness element size. For 1 < KC < 10, flow separation was weak, form drag was small, stress gradients were negligible, and the main effect of topography on the flow was the inertial force associated with acceleration around roughness elements. For 10 < KC < 20, strong flow separation occurred, and both drag and inertial forces were important. Phase-dependent dispersive stresses were the main mechanism for vertical momentum transfer between the canopy layer and the overlying water column. Friction factors based on the drag force increased with KC for 1 < KC < 20, different from previously proposed empirical curves, but approached these curves for high KC. Friction factors based on the total force decreased with increasing KC and were consistent with previously proposed curves. These results highlight the importance of distinguishing the total force on the bottom, the drag force that removes energy from the flow, and the shear stress above the canopy layer, which were very different for the parameter range in this study.
Anomalous Hall effect at the Lifshitz transition in ZrTe5
Creators: name: Lozano, Pedro M.
name: Cardoso, Gabriel
name: Aryal, Niraj
name: Nevola, Daniel
name: Gu, Genda
name: Tsvelik, Alexei
name: Yin, Weiguo
name: Li, Qiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Zirconium pentatelluride ZrTe5 is a topological semimetal. The presence of a temperature induced Lifshitz transition, in which the Fermi level goes from the conduction band to the valence band with increasing temperature, provides unique opportunities to study the interplay between Fermi-surface topology, dynamics of Dirac fermions, and Berry curvature in one system. Here we present a combined experimental and theoretical study and show that a low energy model can be used to understand the complicated Hall response and large anomalous Hall effect observed in ZrTe5 over a wide range of temperature and magnetic field. We found that the anomalous Hall contribution dominates the Hall response in a narrow temperature window around the Lifshitz transition, away from which the orbital contribution dominates. Moreover, our results indicate that a topological phase transition coexists with the Lifshitz transition. Our model provides a unifying framework to understand the Hall effect in semimetals with large Zeeman splitting and non-trivial topology.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures
Interpreting fixed-location observations of turbulence advected by waves: Insights from spectral models
Creators: name: Gerbi, G.P.
name: Rosman, J.H.
Publisher: name: American Meteorological Society
Year: 2017

description: Assigning a physical interpretation to turbulent fluctuations beneath waves is complex because eddies are advected by unsteady wave orbital motion. Here, the kinematic effects of wave orbital motion on turbulent fluctuations at a fixed location were investigated using model turbulence spatial spectra (κ spectra) together with a general form of the frozen turbulence approximation. Model autospectra and cospectra included an inertial subrange, a rolloff at energy-containing scales (L = 2p/κ0), and a dissipation range. Turbulence was advected by a background flow composed of waves (rms orbital velocity sw, peak frequency ωw, and spectral width Δωw) propagating parallel to a current uc. Expressions were derived for turbulence frequency spectra (ω spectra), and parameters were varied across ranges typical in the coastal ocean. Except close to the wave band, the ω-spectrum shape collapses with two dimensionless parameters, a velocity ratio σw/uc, and a time-scale ratio ucκ0/ωw, which can be used to diagnose the effects of wave advection on turbulence spectra. As σw/uc increases, less variance and covariance appear at low frequencies (ω < ucκ0) and more appear at high frequencies (ω > ucκ0). If sw/uc > 2, wave advection must be taken into account when estimating turbulence length scales and integral quantities (e.g., Reynolds stress) from the low-frequency portion of spectra. The offset of the -5/3 region due to waves is unaffected by the rolloff or dissipation range; therefore, previously proposed methods for estimating dissipation rate from wave-affected -5/3 spectra are robust. Although idealized, the results inform the interpretation of turbulence ω spectra beneath waves and guide the estimation of turbulence properties from those spectra.
Good and Bad Futures for Constraint Programming (and Operations Research)
Creators: name: Hooker, John N.
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Two futures are sketched for constraint programming and
operations research. In one, they continue their present emphasis on computational
methods. In the other, they are empirical sciences dedicated
to prescriptive modeling of human activities, with computation playing
an ancillary role. The second future is defended as one in which the two
fields, which are at root one field, maintain their vitality and make a
more effective contribution to solving the problems of an increasingly
complex world.
A Model for Understanding the Effects of Sediment Dynamics on Oyster Reef Development
Creators: name: Housego, R.M.
name: Rosman, J.H.
Publisher: name: Springer New York LLC
Year: 2016

description: Previous field studies have demonstrated that sedimentation is an important factor that can limit oyster reef growth and restoration success. High relief reefs are more productive and resilient than low relief reefs, in part, because increasing reef height reduces sedimentation and enhances oyster growth. In this study, we investigated the relationship between initial reef height and reef development using a simple model. The model contains three coupled differential equations that describe changes in oyster volume, shell volume, and sediment volume per unit area of reef with time. The model was used to investigate how parameters such as flow speed, sediment grain size, and food concentration affect reef survival and final reef height. Whether or not a reef survives depends primarily on the shape of the sediment concentration profile relative to the initial reef height. Over a long time period, three different steady-state reef heights are possible, depending on the environmental parameters and initial reef height: (1) If growth outpaces sedimentation, the reef achieves the maximum possible height, which is independent of sedimentation parameters; (2) if deposition outpaces growth and the shear stress does not exceed the critical shear stress, the reef is buried in sediment and dies; and (3) if deposition outpaces growth and the shear stress exceeds the critical shear stress, a reduced steady-state height is achieved that depends on both growth and sedimentation parameters. The model can be used to assess the ways in which measurable environmental parameters affect reef restoration success.
Building a framework for open research skills at the University of York
Creators: name: Catt, Ben
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Open research
Skills training

description: The University of York Open Research Skills Framework was developed in Summer 2022 to provide clarity and signpost training and support for open research practices across all disciplines at York. The framework was developed by Library, Archives and Learning Services in partnership with a postgraduate student intern as Project Coordinator, and practitioners from different areas of our research community. This poster summarises the development of the framework and provides a visual overview of its different areas. We hope that it will prove useful for research support staff who may be considering developing a similar framework for their own institution.
Quantum theory of space charge limited current in solids
Creators: name: Gonzalez, Gabriel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum model of space charge limited current transport inside trap-free solids with planar geometry in the mean field approximation. We use a simple transformation which allows us to find the exact analytical solution for the steady state current case. We use our approach to find a Mott-Gurney like behavior and the mobility for single charge carriers in the quantum regime in solids.
description: 4 pages
Pixerécourt, Radcliffe and Ducray-Duminil: the Gothic and melodrama during the Directory and Consulate
Creators: name: Astbury, Katherine
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2023

description: This article looks at the role of novels in the development of melodrama across the Directory and Consulate period (1795-1804). Guilbert de Pixerécourt, who dominated the French theatrical scene of the early 19th century with a blend of sentimental drama, music, and large-scale spectacle that came to be called melodrama, had his first theatrical successes with adaptations for the stage of novels by the most popular English Gothic writer in France, Ann Radcliffe, and the bestselling French author François Guillaume Ducray-Duminil, whose work bears a number of Radcliffian hallmarks. These adaptations will reveal the significance of the Gothic in the development of melodrama and the political, aesthetic and dramatic priorities of this under-researched period.
description: Publifarum, V. 37 N. 1 (2022): Vie des théâtres et poésie dramatique du Consulat à la Restauration (1799-1823)
The multidimensional nature of growth in cheilostomatous bryozoans: Where to look in changing oceans (MSc dissertation)
Creators: name: Moreno, Bernabé
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 310305
subject: Marine and estuarine ecology (incl. marine ichthyology)
classificationCode: 310913
subject: Invertebrate biology

description: Submitted as part assessment for the degree of M.Sc. in Climate Change: Managing the marine environment. Supervisor: Dr. Joanne S. Porter.School of Energy, Geoscience, Infrastructure and Society. Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, Scotland.
AbstractCheilostomatous bryozoans are biomineralisers, as such, vulnerable to acidification and increasing temperature currently affecting the world’s oceans. Cheilostomes have excelled in zooid polymorphism and they also perform a high array of growth forms, geometries, and mineralogies. Flustriforms, and related taxa, are considerably speciose, ubiquitous, and highly abundant in the benthic realm. An extensive literature review coupled with the analysis of spatial distribution data was performed to address growth as a fundamental biological process of multidimensional expressions. Growth can manifest in zooidal production, somatic growth (both zooids and colonial), and area. However, a more comparable, albeit requiring additional analyses is the measurement of calcification (carbonate production). When temporal dimension is considered, growth is expressed as rates. At wider temporal scales, growth can be expressed via carbon immobilisation (secondary production) and sequestration, whereas, at wider spatial scales, growth can be measured by the expanding distribution ranges. Higher temperatures are expected to accelerate metabolism, hence growth rates, but will affect calcification. Broadly, near-future predicted scenarios will likely increase growth in flustrines in most dimensions addressed in this thesis. Evaluating these trends in a polar-temperate-tropical gradient will provide important insights of the underlying mechanisms and possible ecological trade-offs in cheilostomatous bryozoans.
A Neural Network Solves, Explains, and Generates University Math Problems by Program Synthesis and Few-Shot Learning at Human Level
Creators: name: Drori, Iddo
name: Zhang, Sarah
name: Shuttleworth, Reece
name: Tang, Leonard
name: Lu, Albert
name: Ke, Elizabeth
name: Liu, Kevin
name: Chen, Linda
name: Tran, Sunny
name: Cheng, Newman
name: Wang, Roman
name: Singh, Nikhil
name: Patti, Taylor L.
name: Lynch, Jayson
name: Shporer, Avi
name: Verma, Nakul
name: Wu, Eugene
name: Strang, Gilbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We demonstrate that a neural network pre-trained on text and fine-tuned on code solves mathematics course problems, explains solutions, and generates new questions at a human level. We automatically synthesize programs using few-shot learning and OpenAI's Codex transformer and execute them to solve course problems at 81% automatic accuracy. We curate a new dataset of questions from MIT's largest mathematics courses (Single Variable and Multivariable Calculus, Differential Equations, Introduction to Probability and Statistics, Linear Algebra, and Mathematics for Computer Science) and Columbia University's Computational Linear Algebra. We solve questions from a MATH dataset (on Prealgebra, Algebra, Counting and Probability, Intermediate Algebra, Number Theory, and Precalculus), the latest benchmark of advanced mathematics problems designed to assess mathematical reasoning. We randomly sample questions and generate solutions with multiple modalities, including numbers, equations, and plots. The latest GPT-3 language model pre-trained on text automatically solves only 18.8% of these university questions using zero-shot learning and 30.8% using few-shot learning and the most recent chain of thought prompting. In contrast, program synthesis with few-shot learning using Codex fine-tuned on code generates programs that automatically solve 81% of these questions. Our approach improves the previous state-of-the-art automatic solution accuracy on the benchmark topics from 8.8% to 81.1%. We perform a survey to evaluate the quality and difficulty of generated questions. This work is the first to automatically solve university-level mathematics course questions at a human level and the first work to explain and generate university-level mathematics course questions at scale, a milestone for higher education.
description: 181 pages, 8 figures, 280 tables
Additional file 1 of In Vivo Strain Patterns in the Achilles Tendon During Dynamic Activities: A Comprehensive Survey of the Literature
Creators: name: Adam, Naomi C.
name: Smith, Colin R.
name: Herzog, Walter
name: Amis, Andrew A.
name: Arampatzis, Adamantios
name: Taylor, William R.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Additional file 1. Online Resource S1.
Natural Language Processing Chains Inside a Cross-lingual Event-Centric Knowledge Pipeline for European Union Under-resourced Languages
Creators: name: Gaurish Thakkar
name: Alves, Diego
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 80107 Natural Language Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This article presents the strategy for developing a platform containing Language Processing Chains for European Union languages,
consisting of Tokenization to Parsing, also including Named Entity recognition and with addition of Sentiment Analysis. These chains
are part of the first step of an event-centric knowledge processing pipeline whose aim is to process multilingual media information about
major events that can cause an impact in Europe and the rest of the world. Due to the differences in terms of availability of language
resources for each language, we have built this strategy in three steps, starting with processing chains for the well-resourced languages
and finishing with the development of new modules for the under-resourced ones. In order to classify all European Union official
languages in terms of resources, we have analysed the size of annotated corpora as well as the existence of pre-trained models in
mainstream Language Processing tools, and we have combined this information with the proposed classification published at METANET whitepaper series.
Des feuilletons de Geoffroy au Cours de littérature dramatique (1800-1825)
Creators: name: Julian, Thibaut
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2023

description: Le propos analyse la métamorphose éditoriale des « feuilletons » dramatiques du célèbre critique Julien-Louis Geoffroy destinés au Journal des Débats/Journal de l’Empire de 1800 à 1814, puis rassemblés partiellement dans le Cours de littérature dramatique paru en 1819 (édition complétée en 1825). Ce « recueil par ordre des matières » offre un riche témoignage concernant le jeu, l’évolution des genres et des sujets mis en scène sous la période napoléonienne, ainsi qu’un palimpseste de références où le lecteur a pu, dès la Restauration, embrasser diverses époques – de l’Antiquité érudite à l’Empire, en passant par le Grand Siècle, celui les Lumières et la Révolution honnie par ce témoin conservateur, capable néanmoins d’accueillir la nouveauté de son temps.
description: Publifarum, V. 37 N. 1 (2022): Vie des théâtres et poésie dramatique du Consulat à la Restauration (1799-1823)
Similarity reductions of peakon equations: the $b$-family
Creators: name: Barnes, Lucy E.
name: Hone, Andrew N. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The $b$-family is a one-parameter family of Hamiltonian partial differential equations of non-evolutionary type, which arises in shallow water wave theory. It admits a variety of solutions, including the celebrated peakons, which are weak solutions in the form of peaked solitons with a discontinuous first derivative at the peaks, as well as other interesting solutions that have been obtained in exact form and/or numerically. In each of the special cases $b=2,3$ (the Camassa-Holm and Degasperis-Procesi equations, respectively) the equation is completely integrable, in the sense that it admits a Lax pair and an infinite hierarchy of commuting local symmetries, but for other values of the parameter $b$ it is non-integrable. After a discussion of travelling waves via the use of a reciprocal transformation, which reduces to a hodograph transformation at the level of the ordinary differential equation satisfied by these solutions, we apply the same technique to the scaling similarity solutions of the $b$-family, and show that when $b=2$ or $3$ this similarity reduction is related by a hodograph transformation to particular cases of the Painlevé III equation, while for all other choices of $b$ the resulting ordinary differential equation is not of Painlevé type.
description: Some additional minor typos corrected; additional remark about scaling similarity reduction for b=0 added
Medication adherence among patients with sickle cell disease at one pediatric sickle cell center in New Jersey
Creators: name: Izegbu, Chinwe
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2023

description: Project Purpose: Hydroxyurea is the first-line treatment for ameliorating symptoms caused by Sickle Cell Disease (SCD). Multiple studies report hydroxyurea reduces the frequency of crises by 50% and can decrease hospitalization rates significantly and nonadherence to hydroxyurea is common in clinical practice. This quality improvement project aimed to identify barriers and facilitators to hydroxyurea medication adherence and develop concrete patient and provider recommendations to enhance medication adherence.Methodology: Based on review of the literature, the author developed an evidence-based structured assessment tool with 23 quantitative (Likert Scale) and three open-ended questions. Surveys were administered to patients aged 12 – 21 diagnosed with SCD prescribed hydroxyurea. Results: Of the 27 participants, the mean age was 17 years, and average times a week medication doses were missed was two. Participants identified barriers and facilitators to hydroxyurea adherence and through open-ended questions, participants shared recommendations to improve adherence such as reviewing lab results.Implications for Practice: Resourceful tips gleaned from the project included encouraging medication reminders (alarms), keeping a medication log, providing peer support, assessing and closing gaps related to challenges surrounding medication health insurance coverage and copay, and when indicated, offering information about catastrophic relief funds. The project was well-received by patients and the project site. Recommendations were put forward to revise the current workflow to include the hydroxyurea adherence assessment tool as standard of care and eventually, into the electronic medical record (EMR).
Coup d’œil sur les spectacles de 1799. Le point de vue de la presse
Creators: name: Marchand, Sophie
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2023

description: Cet article examine la manière dont plusieurs journaux, généralistes ou spécialisés (Le Mercure de France, le Journal de Paris, la Décade philosophique, le Courrier des spectacles et le Journal des théâtres), rendent compte de l’actualité théâtrale de l’année 1799. Cette revue de presse révèle la manière dont la presse reflète et diffuse auprès de l’opinion publique les contours et les caractéristiques d’une pensée du théâtre – ou plutôt du théâtral – en un moment bien particulier, celui de cette fin du Directoire qui, par bien des aspects, se distingue de ce qui l’a précédé comme de ce qui va la suivre.
description: Publifarum, V. 37 N. 1 (2022): Vie des théâtres et poésie dramatique du Consulat à la Restauration (1799-1823)
The Mnemosyne Number and the Rheology of Remembrance
Creators: name: Jamali, Safa
name: McKinley, Gareth H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of a Deborah number is widely used in study of viscoelastic materials and to represent the ratio of a material relaxation time to the timescale of observation, and to demarcate transitions between predominantly viscous or elastic material responses. However, this construct does not help quantify the importance of long transients and non-monotonic stress jumps that are often observed in more complex time-varying systems. Many of these non-intuitive effects are lumped collectively under the term thixotropy; however, no proper nouns are associated with the key phenomena observed in such materials. Thixotropy arises from the ability of a complex structured fluid to remember its prior deformation history, so it is natural to name the dimensionless group representing such behavior with respect to the ability to remember. In Greek mythology, Mnemosyne was mother of the nine Muses and the goddess of memory. We thus propose the definition of a Mnemosyne number as the dimensionless product of the thixotropic time scale and the imposed rate of deformation. The Mnemosyne number is thus a measure of the flow strength compared to the thixotropic timescale. Since long transients responses are endemic to thixotropic materials, one also needs to consider the duration of flow. The relevant dimensionless measure of this duration can be represented in terms of a mutation number which compares the timescale of experiment/observation to the thixotropic timescale. Collating the mutation number and the Mnemosyne number, we construct a general two-dimensional map of thixotropic behavior, and quantify these ideas using canonical thixotropic models.
Les déserts théâtraux du Midi pyrénéen français sous le Premier Empire
Creators: name: Bourdin, Philippe
name: Triolaire, Cyril
Publisher: name: Publifarum
Year: 2023

description: Le Premier Empire divise la France en plusieurs arrondissement théâtraux, en espérant diffuser et contrôler les arts de la scène. Mais les départements du Midi pyrénéen ont du mal à obtenir une programmation régulière. Les villes sont trop petites, difficiles d’accès ; les salles, mal équipées, sont souvent laissées à l’initiative privée d’actionnaires ; en conséquence, les troupes ambulantes risquent la faillite. Seule la ville de Perpignan, lieu de garnison, peut accueillir plusieurs mois par an des comédies et des opéras comiques, et parfois des vedettes comme Talma. Si le répertoire est largement contemporain, le coût des places en éloigne nombre de spectateurs potentiels, qui préfèrent se tourner vers les spectacles de curiosités.
description: Publifarum, V. 37 N. 1 (2022): Vie des théâtres et poésie dramatique du Consulat à la Restauration (1799-1823)
Mathematical Modeling and Stability of Predator-Prey Systems
Creators: name: Sobrinho, Altair Santos de Oliveira
name: de Oliveira, Camila Fogaça
name: Kita, Carolina Massae
name: Natti, Érica Regina Takano
name: Romeiro, Neyva Maria Lopes
name: Cirilo, Eliandro Rodrigues
name: Natti, Paulo Laerte
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This work investigated the stability and asymptotic behavior of some Lotka Volterra type models. We used the Liapunov method which consists in analyzing the stability of systems of ordinary differential equations (ODEs) around the equilibrium when they submitted to perturbations in the initial conditions
description: Book chapter 16. Book in Portuguese
Haplotyping for Disease Association: A Combinatorial Approach
Creators: name: Guiseppe  Lancia
name: Ramamoorthi Ravi
name: Rizzi, Romeo
Publisher: name: Figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: 150399 Business and Management not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We consider a combinatorial problem derived from haplotyping a population with respect to a genetic disease, either
recessive or dominant. Given a set of individuals, partitioned into healthy and diseased, and the corresponding sets of genotypes, we
want to infer “bad” and “good” haplotypes to account for these genotypes and for the disease. Assume, for example, that the disease is
recessive. Then, the resolving haplotypes must consist of bad and good haplotypes so that 1) each genotype belonging to a diseased
individual is explained by a pair of bad haplotypes and 2) each genotype belonging to a healthy individual is explained by a pair of
haplotypes of which at least one is good. We prove that the associated decision problem is NP-complete. However, we also prove that
there is a simple solution, provided that the data satisfy a very weak requirement.