cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The structure of covtree: searching for manifestly covariant causal set dynamics
Creators: name: Zalel, Stav
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Covtree - a partial order on certain sets of finite, unlabeled causal sets - is a manifestly covariant framework for causal set dynamics. Here, as a first step in picking out a class of physically well-motivated covtree dynamics, we study the structure of covtree and the relationship between its paths and their corresponding infinite unlabeled causal sets. We identify the paths which correspond to posts and breaks, prove that covtree has a self-similar structure, and write down a transformation between covtree dynamics akin to the cosmic renormalisation of Rideout and Sorkin's Classical Sequential Growth models. We identify the paths which correspond to causal sets which have a unique natural labeling, thereby solving for the class of dynamics which give rise to these causal sets with unit probability.
description: 34 pages, 8 figures, 2 tables
Interpreting Binary Neutron Star Mergers: Describing the Binary Neutron Star Dynamics, Modelling Gravitational Waveforms, and Analyzing Detections
Creators: name: Dietrich, Tim
name: Hinderer, Tanja
name: Samajdar, Anuradha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves emitted from the coalescence of neutron star binaries open a new window to probe matter and fundamental physics in unexplored, extreme regimes. To extract information about the supranuclear matter inside neutron stars and the properties of the compact binary systems, robust theoretical prescriptions are required. We give an overview about general features of the dynamics and the gravitational wave signal during the binary neutron star coalescence. We briefly describe existing analytical and numerical approaches to investigate the highly dynamical, strong-field region during the merger. We review existing waveform approximants and discuss properties and possible advantages and shortcomings of individual waveform models, and their application for real gravitational-wave data analysis.
description: invited review for General Relativity and Gravitation; any comment or suggestion is welcome
Exciton and Carrier Dynamics in 2D Perovskites
Creators: name: Burgos-Caminal, Andrés
name: Socie, Etienne
name: Bouduban, Marine E. F.
name: Moser, Jacques-E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two-dimensional Ruddlesden-Popper hybrid lead halide perovskites have become a major topic in perovskite optoelectronics. Here, we aim to unravel the ultrafast dynamics governing the evolution of charge carriers and excitons in these materials. Using a combination of ultrabroadband time-resolved THz (TRTS) and fluorescence upconversion spectroscopies, we find that sequential carrier cooling and exciton formation best explain the observed dynamics, where exciton-exciton interactions play an important role in the form of Auger heating and biexciton formation. We show that the presence of a longer-lived population of carriers is due to these processes and not to a Mott transition. Therefore, excitons still dominate at laser excitation densities. We use kinetic modeling to compare the phenethylammonium and butylammonium organic cations while investigating the stability of the resulting films. In addition, we demonstrate the capability of using ultrabroadband TRTS to study excitons in large binding energy semiconductors through spectral analysis at room temperature.
Microscopy Image Restoration Physics-driven or Data-driven Models
Creators: name: Sage, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Daniel Sage, Research Engineer and Head of Software Development at Biomedical Imaging Group at EPFL is delivering an informative session on the application Physics driven or Data driven Models in microscopy image restoration. This presentation is part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing". For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Valuing international marine resources: A meta-analysis on the Baltic Sea
Creators: name: Ahtiainen, Heini
name: Ahtiainen, Heini
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: meta-analysis
subject: water quality valuation
subject: marine areas
subject: the Baltic Sea

description: The study uses meta-analysis to provide insights into the value of international marine resources, illustrating the issue with the case of the Baltic Sea. Willingness to pay for water quality improvements varies systematically with factors such as a country’s income level, characteristics of the change in water quality, water body type, study year and methodology. The results of the meta analysis are applied to benefit transfer in order to assess the distribution of the benefits of marine protection measures between the Baltic Sea countries and to compare the results with previous research. The net benefits of protecting the Baltic are positive, but they are asymmetrically distributed between the littoral countries.
Product Differentiation and Market Segmentation in Applesauce: Using a Choice Experiment to Assess the Value of Organic, Local and Nutrition Attributes
Creators: name: James, Jennifer S.
name: Rickard, Bradley J.
name: Rossman, William J.
name: James, Jennifer S.
name: Rickard, Bradley J.
name: Rossman, William J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Applesauce
subject: Choice experiment
subject: Consumer demand
subject: Fruit and vegetable markets
subject: Locally grown
subject: Multinomial logit model
subject: Organic
subject: Pennsylvania
subject: Willingness to pay

description: Recently there is much interest among horticultural producers concerning the marketing of organically- and locally- produced food. Here we developed a consumer survey that asked respondents to choose an applesauce product from a list of products differentiated by price and four attributes. The products were differentiated by labels that described fat content, nutrition content, and whether the product was grown organically and/or locally. The survey was distributed to 3,000 residents in rural Pennsylvania and over 1,500 responses were collected yielding a response rate of 56%. Survey results were used to assess consumers’ willingness to pay for the product attributes in applesauce, and we found that consumers were willing to pay more for locally-grown applesauce compared to applesauce that was labeled organic or low fat and low sugar. Furthermore, the analysis incorporated the effects of consumer characteristics on the demand for applesauce attributes and we find evidence that increased knowledge of agriculture decreases the willingness to pay for organically- and locally-grown applesauce.
EOM-CC methods with approximate triple excitations applied to core excitation and ionisation energies
Creators: name: Matthews, Devin A.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: Plant Biology

description: A number of iterative and perturbative approximations to the full equation-of-motion coupled cluster method with single, double, and triple excitations (EOM-CCSDT) are evaluated in the context of calculating the K-edge core-excitation and core-ionisation energies of several small molecules. Several of these methods are found to accurately reproduce the full EOM-CCSDT energies well, in particular the EOM-CCSD* method which, when using the core-valence separation (CVS) ansatz, scales rigorously with the sixth power of molecular size. These results highlight that very accurate core excitation and ionisation energies for molecules with first-row atoms can be computed at a cost not much larger than that for EOM-CCSD.
Coherent systems on curves of compact type
Creators: name: Brivio, Sonia
name: Favale, Filippo F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14H60, 14D20

description: Let $C$ be a polarized nodal curve of compact type. In this paper we study coherent systems $(E,V)$ on $C$ given by a depth one sheaf $E$ having rank $r$ on each irreducible component of $C$ and a subspace $V \subset H^0(E)$ of dimension $k$. Moduli spaces of stable coherent systems have been introduced by King and Newstead and depend on a real parameter $α$. We show that when $k \geq r$, these moduli spaces coincide for $α$ big enough. Then we deal with the case $k=r+1$: when the degrees of the restrictions of $E$ are big enough we are able to describe an irreducible component of this moduli space by using the dual span construction.
description: 26 pages
Magnetic relaxation of type II superconductors in a mixed state of entrapped and shielded flux
Creators: name: Zola, D.
name: Polichetti, M.
name: Senatore, C.
name: Pace, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic relaxation has been investigated in type II superconductors when the initial magnetic state is realized with entrapped and shielded flux (ESF) contemporarily. This flux state is produced by an inversion in the magnetic field ramp rate due to for example a magnetic field overshoot. The investigation has been faced both numerically and by measuring the magnetic relaxation in BSCCO tapes. Numerical computations have been performed in the case of an infinite thick strip and of an infinite slab, showing a quickly relaxing magnetization in the first seconds. As verified experimentally, the effects of the overshoot cannot be neglected simply by cutting the first 10-100 seconds in the magnetic relaxation. On the other hand, at very long times, the magnetic states relax toward those corresponding to field profiles with only shielded flux or only entrapped flux, depending on the amplitude of the field change with respect to the full penetration field of the considered superconducting samples. In addition, we have performed numerical simulations in order to reproduce the relaxation curves measured on the BSCCO(2223) tapes; this allowed us to interpret correctly also the first seconds of the $M(t)$ curves.
description: 9 pages, 12 figures submit to PRB
Bayesian ultrasound image analysis on graphics hardware
Creators: name: Wei, Ji.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, we investigate using the new generation of programmable Graphics Processing Units (GPUs) which support floating point computations for statistical restoration of ultrasound images. Deconvolution is a widely used method of recovering an image from degradation caused by blurring, and thus increasing the image quality. We present a modified Bayesian 2D deconvolution method which provides better parameter estimation and improves the speed performance over the previous approach. This method lies within the Joint Maximum A Posteriori (JMAP) framework and involves three steps. First is the Point Spread Function (PSF) estimation, which uses the Homomorphic method; second, reflectance field estimation uses a Conjugate Gradient (CG) optimization algorithm; and third , variance field estimation uses a Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling algorithm. We implement the 2D method entirely on programmable floating-point graphics hardware, and results are achieved at an interactive rate. In order to avoid readback from G P U to CPU, we adopt a multi-pass rendering method to realize the iterative model. This indicates the possibility of using the G P U as a coprocessor in the ultrasound imaging system, to improve image quality in real time. Due to the special architecture of GPUs, not all models are suitable for mapping onto them. We also discuss which structures and schemes GPUs favor and which they do not. Experimental results are presented on synthetic and real ultrasound images acquired by a typical diagnostic ultrasound machine. We believe our research opens the door for many other image processing methods that are otherwise currently impractical, due to time consuming and complicated computations. This is especially important for medical image processing applications.
Euro-BioImaging - Access to imaging and image analysis tools
Creators: name: Keppler, Antje
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Antje Keppler, Director of Euro-Biolmaging Bio-Hub is explaining how Euro-BioImaging is facilitating the access to imaging and image analysis tools. This presentation was part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing".

For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Low Momentum Classical Mechanics with Effective Quantum Potentials
Creators: name: Haas, Fernando
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A recently introduced effective quantum potential theory is studied in a low momentum region of phase space. This low momentum approximation is used to show that the new effective quantum potential induces a space-dependent mass and a smoothed potential both of them constructed from the classical potential. The exact solution of the approximated theory in one spatial dimension is found. The concept of effective transmission and reflection coefficients for effective quantum potentials is proposed and discussed in comparison with an analogous quantum statistical mixture problem. The results are applied to the case of a square barrier.
description: 4 figures
Il concetto corporale De Sanctis e la “concezione” dantesca
Creators: name: Valagussa, Francesco
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2017

description: The present essay focuses on De Sanctis’ Lectures on Dante, held during his exile in Turin and Zürich, in order to show how aesthetics, politics and religion converge in his works. De Sanctis reads Dante’s journey throughout Hell, Purgatory and Paradise both as a diary and a drama, which reintroduces action, passions and a multitude of feelings in the peace and stillness that rule the kingdom of God after the final Judgment. De Sanctis tries to illustrate how Dante unifies body and concept, moving from allegories and personifications towards figures and real people, such as Beatrice, Francesca, Vanni Fucci and Ugolino. Dante’s conception of the relationship between history and eternity plays a leading role in De Sanctis’ reworking of Hegel’s Aesthetics.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2017): Italian Aesthetics / Estetica italiana (1861-1945)
Synthetic Spectra of Rotating Stars
Creators: name: Lipatov, Mikhail
name: Brandt, Timothy D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many early-type stars have oblate surfaces, spatial temperature variations, and spectral line broadening that indicate large rotational velocities. Rotation ought to have a significant effect on the full spectra of such stars. To infer structural and life history parameters from their spectra, one must integrate specific intensity over the two-dimensional surfaces of corresponding stellar models. Toward this end, we offer PARS (Paint the Atmospheres of Rotating Stars) -- an integration scheme based on models that incorporate solid body rotation, Roche mass distribution, and collinearity of gravity and energy flux (https://github.com/mlipatov/paint_atmospheres). The scheme features a closed-form expression for the azimuthal integral, a high-order numerical approximation of the longitudinal integral, and a precise calculation of surface effective temperature at rotation rates up to 99.9% of Keplerian limit. Extensions of the scheme include synthetic color-magnitude diagrams and planetary transit curves.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures, ApJ accepted; PARS is available at https://github.com/mlipatov/paint_atmospheres; typos corrected, references added
The effect of cyano-containing acceptor moieties on the photoisomerisation mechanisms and UV/vis spectra of azochromophores with switchable nonlinear optical activity
Creators: name: Balakina, Marina Yu.
name: Shalin, Nikita I.
name: Sharipova, Anastasiya V.
name: Fominykh, Olga D.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Cancer

description: The photoisomerisation pathways of substituted aminoazobenzenes with cyano-containing acceptor moieties, AAB-DCV and AAB-TCV, are revealed by TD-DFT at B3LYP/6-31G** level. Stationary and transition points on ground and excited state potential energy surfaces are localised; both inversion and rotation trans- and cis-isomerisation mechanisms are considered and the former is shown to be the preferable for both chromophores in the ground state. UV/vis spectra of isomeric forms of AAB-DCV and AAB-TCV are calculated by TD-DFT in chloroform at CAM-B3LYP/PCM//def2-TZVP level, the effect of acceptors on the spectrum shape and absorption maximum is revealed. It is found that S0→S2 excitation determines the most intensive π-π* band in the case of AAB-DCV trans-isomer, while in the case of AAB-TCV this band is due to S0→S1 excitation. λmax is bathochromically shifted when passing from AAB-DCV to AAB-TCV for trans-isomers. As for cis-isomers, the spectrum shape is determined by several excitations up to S0→S4, corresponding transitions having close intensities. Switching ability of the composite nonlinear-optical polymer material is demonstrated at both molecular and macroscopic levels: first hyperpolarisability of trans- and cis-forms differs three times in favour of the former; estimations of macroscopic quadratic electric susceptibility, χ(2), performed for model PMMA-based doped materials reveal the corresponding almost twofold difference.
Theory of chemical bonds in metalloenzymes XXIV electronic and spin structures of FeMoco and Fe-S clusters by classical and quantum computing
Creators: name: Miyagawa, Koichi
name: Shoji, Mitsuo
name: Isobe, Hiroshi
name: Shusuke Yamanaka
name: Kawakami, Takashi
name: Mitsutaka Okumura
name: Kizashi Yamaguchi
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Fundamental principles for theoretical understanding and elucidation of structure and reactivity of iron-sulfur (Fe-S) FenSm (n, m=2∼8) clusters are investigated and elucidated on the theoretical and experimental grounds. To this end, the nature of chemical bonds of these clusters is investigated by three methods; (1) the spin Hamiltonian model for analysis of EPR results, (2) broken-symmetry (BS) hybrid density functional theory (HDFT) methods for full geometry optimisations and elucidations of complete active spaces (CAS) for one-electron transfers reactions and (3) beyond HDFT methods such as CAS configuration interaction (CI) and MR CI for high precision energy calculations on classical and quantum computers. Theoretical concepts revealed are applied for elucidation of the mechanism of nitrogen fixation with FeMoco (Fe7MoS9C) cluster, indicating an important role of proton-coupled (PC) one electron spin transfer (OEST) processes instead of radical reaction mechanisms.
Advances in the numerical treatment of grain-boundary migration: Coupling with mass transport and mechanics
Creators: name: Mourad, Hashem M.
name: Garikipati, Krishna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This work is based upon a coupled, lattice-based continuum formulation that was previously applied to problems involving strong coupling between mechanics and mass transport; e.g. diffusional creep and electromigration. Here we discuss an enhancement of this formulation to account for migrating grain boundaries. The level set method is used to model grain-boundary migration in an Eulerian framework where a grain boundary is represented as the zero level set of an evolving higher-dimensional function. This approach can easily be generalized to model other problems involving migrating interfaces; e.g. void evolution and free-surface morphology evolution. The level-set equation is recast in a remarkably simple form which obviates the need for spatial stabilization techniques. This simplified level-set formulation makes use of velocity extension and field re-initialization techniques. In addition, a least-squares smoothing technique is used to compute the local curvature of a grain boundary directly from the level-set field without resorting to higher-order interpolation. A notable feature is that the coupling between mass transport, mechanics and grain-boundary migration is fully accounted for. The complexities associated with this coupling are highlighted and the operator-split algorithm used to solve the coupled equations is described.
description: 28 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX; Accepted for publication in Computer Methods in Applied Mechanics and Engineering. [Style and formatting modifications made, references added.]
Protostellar Jets and Turbulence in Molecular Clouds: The Role of Interactions
Creators: name: Cunningham, Andrew J.
name: Frank, Adam
name: Blackman, Eric G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a series of numerical studies of the interaction of colliding radiative, hydrodynamic young stellar outflows. We study the effect of the collision impact parameter on the acceleration of ambient material and the degree to which the flow is isotropized by the collision as a mechanism for driving turbulence in the parent molecular cloud. Our results indicate that the high degrees of compression of outflow material, achieved through radiative shocks near the vertex of the interaction, prevents the redirected outflow from spraying over a large spatial region. Furthermore, the collision reduces the redirected outflow's ability to entrain and impart momentum into the ambient cloud. Consideration of the probabilities of outflow collisions leads us to conclude that individual low velocity fossil outflows are the principle coupling between outflows and the cloud.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, submitted to ApJ
Useful entanglement can be extracted from all nonseparable states
Creators: name: Masanes, Ll.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider entanglement distillation from a single-copy of a multipartite state, and instead of rates we analyze the "quality" of the distilled entanglement. This "quality" is quantified by the fidelity with the GHZ-state. We show that each not fully-separable state $σ$ can increase the "quality" of the entanglement distilled from other states, no matter how weakly entangled is $σ$. We also generalize this to the case where the goal is distilling states different than the GHZ. These results provide new insights on the geometry of the set of separable states and its dual (the set of entanglement witnesses).
description: 7 pages
Image Classification and Segmentation using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Paul-Gilloteaux, Perrine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Perrine Paul-Gilloteaux, Research Engineer at CNRS UAR BioCOre, is introducing image classification and segmentation using Deep Learning. This presentation was part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing". For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Giovanni Morelli e l’estetica positivistica
Creators: name: D’Angelo, Paolo
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2017

description: Bernard Berenson used to refer to Giovanni Morelli as «the founder of the Method». With these words, he meant that Morelli was the scholar who, first, transformed connoisseurship in a science, giving to the discipline a stringent method. Does Morelli’s theory of painting really deserve this praise? To answer this question, this paper examines in the first part the philosophical and scientific background of Morelli’s doctrine, showing how its original debt payed to romantic philosophy went replaced by a neat positivist orientation. In the second part, the Method itself is discussed, asking in which measure it was anticipated by the intuitions of art experts such as Giulio Mancini or Luigi Crespi and discussing the nature and epistemological relevance of the so-called “morellian details”, that is the forms of the nails, of the ears, of the hair’s curls in paintings. Are these details really sufficient for the attribution of a painting to an artist? Which role play the documents in connoisseurship? And, more generally, how important is aesthetic value in the morellian “Method”?
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2017): Italian Aesthetics / Estetica italiana (1861-1945)
Additional file 4 of A phase II, open-label, extension study of long-term patisiran treatment in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis
Creators: name: Coelho, Teresa
name: Adams, David
name: Conceição, Isabel
name: Waddington-Cruz, Márcia
name: Schmidt, Hartmut H.
name: Buades, Juan
name: Campistol, Josep
name: Berk, John L.
name: Polydefkis, Michael
name: Wang, Jing Jing
name: Jihong Chen
name: Sweetser, Marianne T.
name: Gollob, Jared
name: Suhr, Ole B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4: Table S3. Summary of mean serum TTR percent reduction by subgroup analysis.
Basics of Al: deep learning and classical machine learning
Creators: name: Pécot, Thierry
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Thierry Pécot, Research engineer at CNRS is introducing the basics of AI: deep learning and classical machine learning This presentation was part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing". For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Strings, Dipoles and Fuzzy Spheres
Creators: name: Morariu, Bogdan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss a scaling limit, where open strings in the WZW-model behave as dipoles with charges confined to a spherical brane and projected to the lowest Landau level. Then I show how the joining and splitting interactions of these dipoles are naturally described using the fuzzy sphere algebra.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, no figures, typos corrected and references added
Hieber, Hermann: Die Miniaturen des frühen Mittelalters
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 13 Nr. 2 (1915): Oriens christianus, Band 13, Heft 2
Underwater image restoration
Creators: name: Treibitz, Tali
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Tali Treibitz, head of the VISEAON Marine Imaging Lab at the University of Haifa is providing insightful information on underwater image restoration. This presentation was part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing". For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Additional file 1 of A phase II, open-label, extension study of long-term patisiran treatment in patients with hereditary transthyretin-mediated (hATTR) amyloidosis
Creators: name: Coelho, Teresa
name: Adams, David
name: Conceição, Isabel
name: Waddington-Cruz, Márcia
name: Schmidt, Hartmut H.
name: Buades, Juan
name: Campistol, Josep
name: Berk, John L.
name: Polydefkis, Michael
name: Wang, Jing Jing
name: Jihong Chen
name: Sweetser, Marianne T.
name: Gollob, Jared
name: Suhr, Ole B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary methods
The Toeplitz matrix $e^{- κ|i-j|}$ and its application to a layered electron gas
Creators: name: Narayan, Onuttom
name: Shastry, B Sriram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an explicit solution of the eigen-spectrum Toeplitz matrix $C_{ij}= e^{- κ|i-j|}$ with $0\leq i,j \leq N$ and apply it to find analytically the plasma modes of a layered assembly of 2-dimensional electron gas. The solution is found by elementary means that bypass the Wiener-Hopf technique usually used for this class of problems. It rests on the observation that the inverse of $C_{ij}$ is effectively a nearest neighbor hopping model with a specific onsite energies which can in turn be diagonalized easily. Extensions to a combination of a Toeplitz and Hankel matrix, and to a generalization of $C_{ij}$, are discussed at the end of the paper.
description: 12 pages, 1 figure
Foreword
Creators: name: Diodato, Roberto
name: Mecacci, Andrea
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2017

description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 10 No. 2 (2017): Italian Aesthetics / Estetica italiana (1861-1945)
A Higgs Mechanism for Gravity
Creators: name: Kirsch, Ingo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we elaborate on the idea of an emergent spacetime which arises due to the dynamical breaking of diffeomorphism invariance in the early universe. In preparation for an explicit symmetry breaking scenario, we consider nonlinear realizations of the group of analytical diffeomorphisms which provide a unified description of spacetime structures. We find that gravitational fields, such as the affine connection, metric and coordinates, can all be interpreted as Goldstone fields of the diffeomorphism group. We then construct a Higgs mechanism for gravity in which an affine spacetime evolves into a Riemannian one by the condensation of a metric. The symmetry breaking potential is identical to that of hybrid inflation but with the non-inflaton scalar extended to a symmetric second rank tensor. This tensor is required for the realization of the metric as a Higgs field. We finally comment on the role of Goldstone coordinates as a dynamical fluid of reference.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures, 3 tables, appendix C on on-shell d.o.f. added, references added
The analytic structure of the lattice Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagators
Creators: name: Falcão, Alexandre F.
name: Oliveira, Orlando
name: Silva, Paulo J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the lattice Landau gauge gluon and ghost propagator data we use a sequence of Padé approximants, identify the poles and zeros for each approximant and map them into the analytic structure of the propagators. For the Landau gauge gluon propagator the Padé analysis identifies a pair of complex conjugate poles and a branch cut along the negative real axis of the Euclidean $p^2$ momenta. For the Landau gauge ghost propagator the Padé analysis shows a single pole at $p^2 = 0$ and a branch cut also along the negative real axis of the Euclidean $p^2$ momenta. The method gives precise estimates for the gluon complex poles, that agree well with other estimates found in the literature. For the branch cut the Padé analysis gives, at least, a rough estimate of the corresponding branch point.
Spin Correlation in Binary Systems
Creators: name: Farbiash, Netzach
name: Steinitz, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the correlation of projected rotational velocities in binary systems. It is an extension of previous work (Steinitz and Pyper, 1970; Levato, 1974). An enlarged data basis and new tests enable us to conclude that there is indeed correlation between the projected rotational velocities of components of binaries. In fact we suggest that spins are already correlated.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures, IAU Colloquium 191 - The Environment and Evolution of Double and Multiple Stars
Two-Dimensional Rare Earth -- Gold Intermetallic Compounds on Au(111) by Surface Alloying
Creators: name: Que, Yande
name: Zhuang, Yuan
name: Liu, Ziyuan
name: Xu, Chaoqiang
name: Liu, Bin
name: Wang, Kedong
name: Du, Shixuan
name: Xiao, Xudong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Surface alloying is a straightforward route to control and modify the structure and electronic properties of surfaces. Here, We present a systematical study on the structural and electronic properties of three novel rare earth-based intermetallic compounds, namely ReAu2 (Re = Tb, Ho, and Er), on Au(111) via directly depositing rare-earth metals onto the hot Au(111) surface. Scanning tunneling microscopy/spectroscopy measurements reveal the very similar atomic structures and electronic properties, e.g. electronic states, and surface work functions, for all these intermetallic compound systems due to the physical and chemical similarities between these rare earth elements. Further, these electronic properties are periodically modulated by the moiré structures caused by the lattice mismatches between ReAu2 and Au(111). These periodically modulated surfaces could serve as templates for the self-assembly of nanostructures. Besides, these two-dimensional rare earth-based intermetallic compounds provide platforms to investigate the rare earth related catalysis, magnetisms, etc., in the lower dimensions.
description: 28 pages, 6 figures in the main text, 8 figures in the supporting information
Osservazioni sull’indipendenza dell’esperienza immediata: da Frege alla «fenomenologia sperimentale» di Paolo Bozzi
Creators: name: Taddio, Luca
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2017

description: Paolo Bozzi developed his «experimental phenomenology» from the Gestalt psychology tradition, particularly from Gaetano Kanizsa’s method. The distinction between «phenomenal description» and «causal explanation» of the «perception» springs up from the analysis of Bozzi’s «S-D psychophysical scheme». What Frege, who was well-known by Bozzi, deals with in paragraph 71 of The Thought theoretically mirrors what is outlined in the Scheme and could also be intended as its source. The juxtaposition between a «science of observable things» or «experimental phenomenology» – conceived as a science which is autonomous from what happens in the brain – and logics, which is set up autonomously from the thinking processes, is a programmatic element that is openly indicated by the author. Frege’s anti-psychologism and realism are both widely shared by Bozzi. The realism and the «naïve physics» Bozzi was a pioneer of lie at the basis of the so-called «New Realism». The following essay aims to localize and highlight some theoretical implications – up to their phenomenological origins – which can be detected particularly in paragraph 71 of The Thought. The present work tries to sketch out the boundaries and the autonomy of the «first person» perceptive experience and to define the scientific explanation that we can give of it. The distinction between science and experience, and the autonomy of experience from science and of the immediate experience of the content of consciousness from neuroscience, entail the impossibility of a naturalization of the phenomenological experience. In the examples taken from Frege can be found a theoretical bridge which connects the Gestalt perceptological tradition, Wittgenstein’s investigations of the philosophy of psychology, and the so called «New Realism».
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 10 No. 1 (2017): Ways of imitation
Effective charging energy of the single electron box
Creators: name: Werner, Philipp
name: Troyer, Matthias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present numerical results on electron tunneling in a single-electron box at low temperature. The effective action of this device is equivalent to the Hamiltonian of a classical XY spin chain with long ranged interactions. Using an efficient cluster algorithm and a new transition matrix Monte Carlo approach, we are able to compute the effective charging energy $E_C^*$ in the limit of very small tunneling resistance. While previous Monte Carlo simulations were restricted to the weak and intermediate tunneling regimes, our method extends the range of $E_C^*$-values by more than 30 orders of magnitude. This allows us to clearly observe the exponential suppression of $E_C^*$ with increasing tunneling conductance $α$. For large, but fixed $α$, the correction to the leading exponential behavior exhibits a crossover from an intermediate temperature behavior at $βE_C^* \ll 1$, to zero temperature behavior at $βE_C^*\gg 1$. We determine this correction in both regimes and compare the numerical results to the numerous and controversial theoretical predictions for the strong tunneling limit.
Iterative Quantization Using Codes On Graphs
Creators: name: Martinian, Emin
name: Yedidia, Jonathan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study codes on graphs combined with an iterative message passing algorithm for quantization. Specifically, we consider the binary erasure quantization (BEQ) problem which is the dual of the binary erasure channel (BEC) coding problem. We show that duals of capacity achieving codes for the BEC yield codes which approach the minimum possible rate for the BEQ. In contrast, low density parity check codes cannot achieve the minimum rate unless their density grows at least logarithmically with block length. Furthermore, we show that duals of efficient iterative decoding algorithms for the BEC yield efficient encoding algorithms for the BEQ. Hence our results suggest that graphical models may yield near optimal codes in source coding as well as in channel coding and that duality plays a key role in such constructions.
description: 10 pages
Denoising microscopy images with self-supervised deep-learning
Creators: name: Deschamps, Joran
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: In this document, Joran Deschamps, Image Analysis Researcher and Research Software Engineer at Human Technopole is explaining how denoising microscopy images can be achieved using self supervised deep learning. This presentation was part of the ANERIS project workshop "AI basics for image processing". For more information about ANERIS: www.ANERIS.eu
Branes, Black Holes and Topological Strings on Toric Calabi-Yau Manifolds
Creators: name: Aganagic, M.
name: Jafferis, D.
name: Saulina, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop means of computing exact degerenacies of BPS black holes on toric Calabi-Yau manifolds. We show that the gauge theory on the D4 branes wrapping ample divisors reduces to 2D q-deformed Yang-Mills theory on necklaces of P^1's. As explicit examples we consider local P^2, P^1 x P^1 and A_k type ALE space times C. At large N the D-brane partition function factorizes as a sum over squares of chiral blocks, the leading one of which is the topological closed string amplitude on the Calabi-Yau. This is in complete agreement with the recent conjecture of Ooguri, Strominger and Vafa.
description: 50 pages, 6 figures, harvmac
The Organization of Pessimism: Profane Illumination and Anthropological Materialism in Walter Benjamin
Creators: name: Ibarlucía, Ricardo
Publisher: name: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico
Year: 2017

description: This paper explores Walter Benjamin’s relationship with French Surrealism from sources rarely studied or practically unknown until now. First, I will set out the direct link between the theses on “profane illumination” and the “organization of pessimism” in Der Sürrealismus. Die letzte Momentaufnahme der europäischen Intelligenz, and various texts by Pierre Naville, one of the most active figures in the Surrealist movement between 1925 and 1929. Second, I will consider Benjamin’s commentaries in Pariser Passagen  and convolute “S” of the Passagen-Werk about Surrealist writings and Martin Heidegger’s Sein und Zeit, flagging up the implications of this confrontation for Benjamin’s ideas of secularization of mysticism and messianism. Lastly, I will seek to refine the meaning of Benjamin’s “anthropological materialism” and its relevance to those sections of the Passagenarbeit that are dedicated to the evolution of social movements since the French Revolution.
description: Aisthesis. Pratiche, linguaggi e saperi dell’estetico, Vol. 10 No. 1 (2017): Ways of imitation
Additional file 1 of Pre-implantological treatment routines for alveolar ridge atrophy – an investigation among maxillofacial and oral surgeons in southern Germany
Creators: name: Korsch, Michael
name: Walther, Winfried
name: Bernt-Peter Robra
name: Sahin, Aynur
name: Hannig, Matthias
name: Bartols, Andreas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. S1 Study questionnaire 'Determinants of pre-implantological augmentation procedures'
All-Optical Single-Species Cesium Atomic Comagnetometer with Optical Free Induction Decay Detection
Creators: name: Yang, Yucheng
name: Wu, Teng
name: Chen, Jingbiao
name: Peng, Xiang
name: Guo, Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Atomic comagnetometers, which measure the spin precession frequencies of overlapped species simultaneously, are widely applied to search for exotic spin-dependent interactions. Here we propose and implement an all-optical single-species Cs atomic comagnetometer based on the optical free induction decay (FID) signal of Cs atoms in hyperfine levels $F_g=3~\&~4$ within the same atomic ensemble. We experimentally show that systematic errors induced by magnetic field gradients and laser fields are highly suppressed in the comagnetometer, but those induced by asynchronous optical pumping and drift of residual magnetic field in the shield dominate the uncertainty of the comagnetometer. With this comagnetometer system, we set the constraint on the strength of spin-gravity coupling of the proton at a level of $10^{-18}$ eV, comparable to the most stringent one. With further optimization in magnetic field stabilization and spin polarization, the systematic errors can be effectively suppressed, and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) can be improved, promising to set more stringent constraints on spin-gravity interactions.
Evolution of Gravitationally Unstable de Sitter Compactifications
Creators: name: Krishnan, C.
name: Paban, S.
name: Zanic, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the time evolution of unstable $dS_p$ \times $S^q$ configurations with flux in theories of gravity with a cosmological constant. For certain values of the flux, we identify a stable configuration to which these unstable solutions flow. For other values of the flux the sphere wants to decompactify, regardless of the sign of the initial perturbation.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures; references added, typos corrected and figure 5 replaced
Heavy Quarkonia in Quark-Gluon Plasma
Creators: name: Wong, Cheuk-Yin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the color-singlet free energy F_1 and total internal energy U_1 obtained by Kaczmarek et al. for a static quark Q and an antiquark Qbar in quenched QCD, we study the binding energies and wave functions of heavy quarkonia in a quark-gluon plasma. By minimizing the grand potential in a simplified schematic model, we find that the proper color-singlet Q-Qbar potential can be obtained from the total internal energy U_1 by subtracting the gluon internal energy contributions. We carry out this subtraction in the local energy-density approximation in which the gluon energy density can be related to the local gluon pressure by the quark-gluon plasma equation of state. We find in this approximation that the proper color-singlet Q-Qbar potential is approximately F_1 for T ~ T_c and it changes to (3/4)F_1+(1/4)U_1 at high temperatures. In this potential model, the J/psi is weakly bound above the phase transition temperature T_c, and it dissociates spontaneously above 1.62 T_c, while chi_c and psi' are unbound in the quark-gluon plasma. The bottomium states Upsilon, chi_b and Upsilon' are bound in the quark-gluon plasma and they dissociate at 4.10 T_c, 1.18 T_c, and 1.38 T_c respectively. For comparison, we evaluate the heavy quarkonium binding energies also in other models using the free energy F_1 or the total internal energy U_1 as the Q-Qbar potential. The comparison shows that the model with the new Q-Qbar potential proposed in this manuscript gives dissociation temperatures that agree best with those from spectral function analyses. We evaluate the cross section for sigma(g+J/psi->c+cbar) and its inverse process, in order to determine the J/psi dissociation width and the rate of J/psi production by recombining c and cbar in the quark gluon plasma.
description: 30 pages, in Latex