GC-MS analysis of an ethanolic extract of <i>Ocimum</i> species: a network pharmacology analysis insight towards obesity
Creators: name: Gnanamurthy, Priyadharshini
name: Narasimhan, Manoj K
name: Sabarathinam, Sarvesh
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences

description: <b>Aim:</b> In this study, we have selected two different <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> plants, <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> (Rama tulsi) (OTRT) and <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> (Krishna tulsi) (OTKT). <b>Materials &amp; methods:</b> In the present investigation, ethanol was used as a solvent to estimate the bioactive compounds present in it through gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC–MS). <b>Results:</b> Based on the GC-MS data benzenepropanoic acid, 3-methoxy-alpha,4-bis[(trimethylsilyl)oxy was found to be the potent compound in OTRT (MW: 428.74 g/mol) and methyl 3-(4-benzyloxy-3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-methylpropanoate in OTKT (MW: 342.39 g/mol). To estimate its pharmacological application, an integrated Network Pharmacology approach is performed toward the disease target obesity. <b>Conclusion:</b> From the protein–protein interaction from the string database, SRC, BCL2, EGFR, MTOR, CDK1, ERBB2, MAPK1, FYN, AR and MAPK14 are the top-ranked targets. <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> species, such as Tulsi or Holy Basil, are traditionally known for their potential medicinal properties. They are reported to contain various bioactive compounds, including steroids, tannins, alkaloids, flavonoids and phenolics, and have demonstrated anti-hyperglycemic properties, making them valuable for diabetes management. Network biology and network pharmacology were employed to explore potential targets for obesity management. Samples of two <i>Ocimum</i> tenuiflorum species, Rama tulsi and Krishna tulsi, were collected, authenticated, and prepared for analysis. The samples were subjected to GC-MS analysis to identify compounds of interest. Two high molecular weight compounds, OTRT and OTKT, were selected for further study. Network pharmacology was used to identify potential targets related to obesity for these compounds. GC-MS analysis revealed various compounds, with OTRT and OTKT being selected due to their high molecular weight. Network pharmacology identified key targets associated with obesity and potential interactions with the selected compounds. The study highlighted the importance of kinase enzymes in various cellular processes related to obesity. The KEGG pathway analysis provided insights into the potential mechanisms of action of the compounds. The drug-likeness and pharmacokinetic profiles of OTRT and OTKT were assessed. Molecular docking analysis indicated the binding affinity of these compounds to specific targets. The study emphasized the potential toxicity and pharmacological properties of the compounds. The study successfully identified bioactive compounds from <i>Ocimum tenuiflorum</i> species through GC-MS analysis. Network pharmacology provided valuable insights into potential targets for obesity management. The findings suggest that these compounds could serve as lead molecules in drug development for obesity and diabetes management. Further preclinical and clinical investigations are needed to validate the potential therapeutic applications of these bioactive compounds.