cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmological Perturbation Theory for streams of relativistic particles
Creators: name: Dupuy, Hélène
name: Bernardeau, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motion equations describing streams of relativistic particles and their properties are explored in detail in the framework of Cosmological Perturbation Theory. Those equations, derived in any metric both in the linear and nonlinear regimes, express the matter and momentum conservation. In this context we extend the setup of adiabatic initial conditions - that was initially performed in the Conformal Newtonian gauge - to the Synchronous gauge. The subhorizon limit of the nonlinear motion equations written in a generic perturbed Friedmann-Lemaître metric is then derived and analyzed. We show in particular that the momentum field $P_{i}(x)$ is always potential in the linear regime and remains so at subhorizon scales in the nonlinear regime. Finally the equivalence principle is exploited to highlight invariance properties satisfied by such a system of equations, extending that known for streams of non-relativistic particles, namely the extended Galilean invariance.
Catalog of Visually Classified Galaxies in the Local ($z\sim0.01$) Universe
Creators: name: Ann, H. B.
name: Seo, Mira
name: Ha, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The morphological types of 5840 galaxies were classified by a visual inspection of color images using the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 7 (DR7) to produce a morphology catalog of a representative sample of local galaxies with $z<0.01$. The sample galaxies are almost complete for galaxies brighter than $r_{pet}=17.77$. Our classification system is basically the same as that of the Third Reference Catalog of Bright Galaxies with some simplification for giant galaxies. On the other hand, we distinguish fine features of dwarf elliptical-like galaxies to classify 5 subtypes: dwarf ellipticals (dE), blue-cored dwarf ellipticals (dE$_{bc}$), dwarf spheroidals (dSph), blue dwarf ellipticals (dE$_{blue}$), and dwarf lenticulars (dS0). In addition, we denote the presence of nucleation in dE, dSph, and dS0. Elliptical galaxies and lenticular galaxies contribute only $\sim1.5\%$ and $\sim4.9\%$ of the local galaxies, respectively, whereas spirals and irregulars contribute $\sim32.1\%$ and $\sim42.8\%$, respectively. The dE$_{blue}$ galaxies, which are recently found populations of galaxies, contribute a significant fraction to the dwarf galaxies. There seems to be structural difference between dSph and dE galaxies. The dSph galaxies are fainter and bluer with shallower surface brightness gradient than dE galaxies. They also have lower fraction of galaxies with small axis ratios ($b/a \lesssim 0.4$) than dE galaxies. The mean projected distance to the nearest neighbor galaxy is $\sim260$kpc. About $1\%$ of local galaxies have no neighbors with comparable luminosity within a projected distance of 2Mpc.
description: 92 pages, 26 figures, published in ApJS
Linking gas fractions to bimodalities in galaxy properties
Creators: name: Kannappan, S.J.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2004

description: Galaxies over 4 decades in stellar mass are shown to obey a strong correlation between u - K colors and atomic-gas-to-stellar mass ratios (G/S), using stellar mass-to-light ratios derived from optical colors. The correlation holds for G/S ranging from nearly 10:1 to 1:100 for a sample obtained by merging the SDSS DR2, 2MASS, and HyperLeda H I catalogs. This result implies that u - K colors can be calibrated to provide "photometric gas fractions" for statistical applications. Here this technique is applied to a sample of ∼35,000 SDSS-2MASS galaxies to examine the relationship of gas fractions to observed bimodalities in galaxy properties as a function of color and stellar mass. The recently identified transition in galaxy properties at stellar masses ∼(2-3) × 1010 M⊙ corresponds to a shift in gas richness, dividing low-mass late-type galaxies with G/S ∼ 1:1 from high-mass galaxies with intermediate-to-low G/S. Early-type galaxies below the transition mass also show elevated G/S, consistent with formation scenarios involving mergers of low-mass gas-rich systems and/or cold-mode gas accretion.
Public Domain Rank: Identifying Notable Individuals with the Wisdom of the Crowd
Creators: name: Riddell, Allen B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Identifying literary, scientific, and technical works of enduring interest is challenging. Few are able to name significant works across more than a handful of domains or languages. This paper introduces an automatic method for identifying authors of notable works throughout history. Notability is defined using the record of which works volunteers have made available in public domain digital editions. A significant benefit of this bottom-up approach is that it also provides a novel and reproducible index of notability for all individuals with Wikipedia pages. The method promises to supplement the work of cultural organizations and institutions seeking to publicize the availability of notable works and prioritize works for preservation and digitization.
Quality of Rural and Urban Housing in the Appalachian Region
Creators: name: Pavlick, Anthony L.
name: Coltrane, Robert I.
name: Pavlick, Anthony L.
name: Coltrane, Robert I.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1964
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Housing in the Appalachian Region is generally inferior to housing in the surrounding area and is below the U. S, average, according to criteria on which this report is based. Housing condition (sound, deteriorating, and dilapidated) and plumbing facilities were used in comparisons. Evaluations were based only on analyses of these criteria. Part of the general disparity in Appalachian housing results from the Region's relatively high percentage of rural housing, in comparisons with the U. S. average. However, in each housing category analyzed—urban, rural nonfarm, and farm— Appalachian housing is below the average for the United States. Housing quality is generally highest in the northern part of the Region. It declines toward the center, then improves further south. An exception to this improvement in the southern part is housing in the Alabama segment of the Region, particularly rural housing. Eastern segments of the Appalachian area tend to have higher quality housing than western segments.
Tools for identifying spurious luminosity offsets in tully-fisher studies: Application at low redshift and implications for high redshift
Creators: name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Barton, E.J.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2004

description: Studies of high-redshift galaxies usually interpret offsets from the Tully-Fisher (TF) relation as luminosity evolution. However, apparent luminosity offsets may actually reflect anomalous velocity widths. Rotation curve anomalies such as strong asymmetries or radial truncation are probably common in high-z samples, as a result of frequent galaxy interactions and in some cases low signal-to-noise ratio data, although low physical resolution may mask these anomalies. In this paper we analyze well-resolved, one-dimensional optical emission-line rotation curves from two low-z samples: the Close Pairs Survey, which contains a high frequency of interacting galaxies, and the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey (NFGS), which represents the general galaxy population. Unlike most low-z TF samples, but in the spirit of many high-z samples, these surveys reflect the natural diversity of emission-line galaxy morphologies, including peculiar, interacting, and early-type galaxies. We adopt objective, quantitative criteria to reject galaxies with severe kinematic anomalies, and we use a statistical velocity width measure that is insensitive to minor kinematic distortions. Severely anomalous galaxies are roughly twice as frequent in the Close Pairs Survey as in the NFGS, and these galaxies' TF offsets collectively resemble the "differential luminosity evolution" claimed in some high-z studies, with larger offsets at lower luminosities. With the anomalous galaxies rejected, however, the TF relations for the Close Pairs Survey and the NFGS are quite similar. Furthermore, the two surveys follow very similar relations between color and TF residuals. The Close Pairs Survey color-TF residual relation extends to bluer colors and brighter TF residuals. Strong outliers from this relation are virtually always kinematically anomalous. As a result, the color-TF residual relation can serve as a powerful tool for separating reliable luminosity offsets from offsets associated with kinematic anomalies. This tool may prove especially useful at high z, where direct detection of kinematic distortions is not always feasible. Although we cannot reliably measure luminosity evolution for galaxies with kinematic anomalies, the TF offsets associated with these anomalies may offer a sensitive probe of evolution in the frequency and intensity of mergers and interactions on different mass scales. We perform a preliminary reanalysis of high-z TF data from the FORS Deep Field and find (1) overall luminosity evolution of ∼0.3 mag; (2) strong slope evolution driven by kinematically anomalous galaxies, which show TF offsets of up to ∼2 mag at low luminosities; and (3) an additional zero-point offset of ∼0.2 mag linked to kinematically anomalous galaxies.
The Clusters AgeS Experiment (CASE). Variable stars in the field of the globular cluster NGC 6362
Creators: name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Thompson, I. B.
name: Rozyczka, M.
name: Pych, W.
name: Narloch, W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The field of the globular cluster NGC 6362 was monitored between 1995 and 2009 in a search for variable stars. BV light curves were obtained for 69 periodic variables including 34 known RR Lyr stars, 10 known objects of other types and 25 newly detected variables. Among the latter we identified 18 proper-motion members of the cluster: seven detached eclipsing binaries (DEBs), six SX Phe stars, two W UMa binaries, two spotted red giants, and a very interesting eclipsing binary composed of two red giants - the first example of such a system found in a globular cluster. Five of the DEBs are located at the turnoff region, and the remaining two are redward of the lower main sequence. Eighty-four objects from the central 9x9 arcmin^2 of the cluster were found in the region of cluster blue stragglers. Of these 70 are proper motion (PM) members of NGC 6362 (including all SX Phe and two W UMa stars), and five are field stars. The remaining nine objects lacking PM information are located at the very core of the cluster, and as such they are likely genuine blue stragglers.
description: Accepted by Acta Astronomica
Magnetic balltracking: Tracking the photospheric magnetic flux
Creators: name: Attie, R.
name: Innes, D. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context: One aspect of understanding the dynamics of the quiet Sun is to quantify the evolution of the flux within small-scale magnetic features. These features are routinely observed in the quiet photosphere and were given various names, such as pores, knots, magnetic patches. Aims: This work presents a new algorithm for tracking the evolution of the broad variety of small-scale magnetic features in the photosphere, with a precision equal to the instrumental resolution. Methods: We have developed a new technique to track the evolution of the individual magnetic features from magnetograms, called "magnetic balltracking". It quantifies the flux of the tracked features, and it can track the footpoints of magnetic field lines inferred from magnetic field extrapolation. The algorithm can detect and quantify flux emergence, as well as flux cancellation. Results: The capabilities of magnetic balltracking are demonstrated with the detection and the tracking of two cases of magnetic flux emergence that lead to the brightening of X-ray loops. The maximum emerged flux ranges from 10^{18} Mx to 10^{19} Mx (unsigned flux) when the X-ray loops are observed.
Hypermedia online publishing : the transformation of the scholarly journal
Creators: name: Treloar, Andrew Edward
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author. Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Forming young bulges within existing disks: Statistical evidence for external drivers
Creators: name: Barton, E.J.
name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Jansen, R.A.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2004

description: Contrary to traditional models of galaxy formation, recent observations suggest that some bulges form within preexisting disk galaxies. Such late-epoch bulge formation within disks seems to be linked to disk gas inflow and central star formation, caused by either internal secular processes or galaxy mergers and interactions. We identify a population of galaxies likely to be experiencing active bulge growth within disks, using the criterion that the color within the half-light radius is bluer than the outer disk color. Such blue-centered galaxies make up more than 10% of star-forming disk galaxies within the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey, a broad survey designed to represent the natural diversity of the low-z galaxy population over a wide range of luminosities and environments. Blue-centered galaxies correlate at 99% confidence with morphological peculiarities suggestive of minor mergers and interactions. From this and other evidence, we argue that external drivers rather than internal secular processes probably account for the majority of blue-centered galaxies. We go on to discuss quantitative plausibility arguments indicating that blue-centered evolutionary phases may represent an important mode of bulge growth for most disk galaxies, leading to significant changes in bulge-to-disk ratio without destroying disks. If this view is correct, bulge growth within disks may be a natural consequence of the repeated galaxy mergers and interactions inherent in hierarchical galaxy formation.
Photometry and spectroscopy of GRB 030329 and its associated supernova 2003dh: The first two months
Creators: name: Pindor, B.
name: Maza, J.
name: Bloom, J.S.
name: Sasselov, D.D.
name: Bolte, M.
name: Hicken, M.
name: Bonanos, A.Z.
name: Thomas-Osip, J.
name: Miller, L.R.
name: Mathis, H.
name: Jha, S.
name: Leonard, D.C.
name: Zaritsky, D.
name: Hamuy, M.
name: Everett, M.E.
name: Hoopes, C.
name: Garnavich, P.M.
name: Phillips, M.M.
name: Matheson, T.
name: Calkins, M.L.
name: Papenkova, M.
name: Thompson, I.
name: Echevarria, L.
name: Stanek, K.Z.
name: Li, W.
name: Megeath, S.T.
name: Luhman, K.L.
name: Olszewski, E.W.
name: Foley, R.J.
name: Spahr, T.
name: Kaluzny, J.
name: Harding, P.
name: Schild, R.
name: Challis, P.
name: Freedman, D.L.
name: Impey, C.
name: Bersier, D.
name: Chornock, R.
name: Weisz, D.
name: Filippenko, A.V.
name: Jannuzi, B.T.
name: Berlind, P.
name: Kannappan, S.
name: Brown, M.J.I.
name: Holland, S.T.
name: Schweiker, H.
name: Kirshner, R.P.
name: Flint, K.
name: Martini, P.
name: Brown, W.R.
name: Krisciunas, K.
name: Lee, J.C.
name: Windhorst, R.
name: Jansen, R.A.
name: Eisenstein, D.J.
name: Latham, D.W.
name: Hathi, N.P.
name: Caldwell, N.
name: Minniti, D.
Publisher: name: Institute of Physics Publishing
Year: 2003

description: We present extensive optical and infrared photometry of the afterglow of gamma-ray burst (GRB) 030329 and its associated supernova (SN) 2003dh over the first two months after detection (2003 March 30-May 29 UT). Optical spectroscopy from a variety of telescopes is shown and, when combined with the photometry, allows an unambiguous separation between the afterglow and SN contributions. The optical afterglow of the GRB is initially a power-law continuum but shows significant color variations during the first week that are unrelated to the presence of an SN. The early afterglow light curve also shows deviations from the typical power-law decay. An SN spectrum is first detectable ∼7 days after the burst and dominates the light after ∼11 days. The spectral evolution and the light curve are shown to closely resemble those of SN 1998bw, a peculiar Type Ic SN associated with GRB 980425, and the time of the SN explosion is close to the observed time of the GRB. It is now clear that at least some GRBs arise from core-collapse SNe.
Physical sources of scatter in the Tully-Fisher relation
Creators: name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Franx, M.
name: Fabricant, D.G.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2002

description: We analyze residuals from the Tully-Fisher relation for the emission-line galaxies in the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey, a broadly representative survey designed to fairly sample the variety of galaxy morphologies and environments in the local universe for luminosities from MB = -15 to -23. For a subsample consisting of the spiral galaxies brighter than MR i = -18, we find strong correlations between Tully-Fisher residuals and both B-R color and EW(Hα). The extremes of the correlations are populated by Sa galaxies, which show consistently red colors, and spiral galaxies with morphological peculiarities, which are often blue. If we apply an EW(Hα)-dependent or B-R color-dependent correction term to the Tully-Fisher relation, the scatter in the relation no longer increases from R to B to U but instead drops to a nearly constant level in all bands, close to the scatter we expect from measurement errors. We argue that these results probably reflect correlated offsets in luminosity and color as a function of star formation history. Broadening the sample in morphology and luminosity, we find that most nonspiral galaxies brighter than MRi = -18 follow the same correlations between Tully-Fisher residuals and B-R color and EW(Hα) as do spirals, albeit with greater scatter. However, the color and EW(Hα) correlations do not apply to galaxies fainter than M Ri = -18 or to emission-line S0 galaxies with anomalous gas kinematics. For the dwarf galaxy population, the parameters controlling Tully-Fisher residuals are instead related to the degree of recent evolutionary disturbance: overluminous dwarfs have higher rotation curve asymmetries, brighter U-band effective surface brightnesses, and shorter gas consumption timescales than their underluminous counterparts. As a result, sample selection strongly affects the measured faint-end slope of the Tully-Fisher relation, and a sample limited to include only passively evolving, rotationally supported galaxies displays a break toward steeper slope at low luminosities.
$μ$SR and Neutron Diffraction Investigations on Reentrant Ferromagnetic Superconductor Eu(Fe{0.86}Ir{0.14})2As2
Creators: name: Anand, V. K.
name: Adroja, D. T.
name: Bhattacharyya, A.
name: Paramanik, U. B.
name: Manuel, P.
name: Hillier, A. D.
name: Khalyavin, D.
name: Hossain, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Results of muon spin relaxation ($μ$SR) and neutron powder diffraction measurements on a reentrant superconductor Eu(Fe$_{0.86}$Ir$_{0.14}$)$_2$As$_2$ are presented. Eu(Fe$_{0.86}$Ir$_{0.14}$)$_2$As$_2$ exhibits superconductivity at $T_{\rm c\,on} \approx 22.5$~K competing with long range ordered Eu$^{+2}$ moments below $\approx 18$ K. A reentrant behavior (manifested by nonzero resistivity in the temperature range 10--17.5 K) results from an exquisite competition between the superconductivity and magnetic order. The zero field $μ$SR data confirm the long range magnetic ordering below $T_{\rm Eu} = 18.7(2)$ K. The transition temperature is found to increase with increasing magnetic field in longitudinal field $μ$SR which along with the neutron diffraction results, suggests the transition to be ferromagnetic. The neutron diffraction data reveal a clear presence of magnetic Bragg peaks below $T_{\rm Eu}$ which could be indexed with propagation vector k = (0, 0, 0), confirming a long range magnetic ordering in agreement with $μ$SR data. Our analysis of the magnetic structure reveals an ordered magnetic moment of $6.29(5)\,μ_{\rm B}$ (at 1.8 K) on the Eu atoms and they form a ferromagnetic structure with moments aligned along the $c$-axis. No change in the magnetic structure is observed in the reentrant or superconducting phases and the magnetic structure remains same for 1.8 K $\leq T \leq T_{\rm Eu}$. No clear evidence of structural transition or Fe moment ordering was found.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B
A broad search for counterrotating gas and stars: Evidence for mergers and accretion
Creators: name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Fabricant, D.G.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 2001

description: We measure the frequency of bulk gas-stellar counterrotation in a sample of 67 galaxies drawn from the Nearby Field Galaxy Survey, a broadly representative survey of the local galaxy population down to MB ∼ -15. We detect four counterrotators among 17 E/S0's with extended gas emission (24+8-6%). In contrast, we find no clear examples of bulk counterrotation among 38 Sa-Sbc spirals, although one Sa does show peculiar gas kinematics. This result implies that, at 95% confidence, no more than 8% of Sa-Sbc spirals are bulk counterrotators. Among types Sc and later, we identify only one possible counterrotator, a Magellanic irregular. We use these results together with the physical properties of the counterrotators to constrain possible origins for this phenomenon.
The effect of selective desorption mechanisms during interstellar ice formation
Creators: name: Kalvans, Juris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Major components of ices on interstellar grains in molecular clouds - water and carbon oxides - occur at various optical depths. This implies that selective desorption mechanisms are at work. An astrochemical model of a contracting low-mass molecular cloud core is presented. Ice was treated as consisting of the surface and three subsurface layers (sublayers). Photodesorption, reactive desorption, and indirect reactive desorption were investigated. The latter manifests itself through desorption from H+H reaction on grains. Desorption of shallow subsurface species was included. Modeling results suggest the existence of a "photon-dominated ice" during the early phases of core contraction. Subsurface ice is chemically processed by interstellar photons, which produces complex organic molecules. Desorption from the subsurface layer results in high COM gas-phase abundances at Av = 2.4...10mag. This may contribute towards an explanation for COM observations in dark cores. It was found that photodesorption mostly governs the onset of ice accumulation onto grains. Reaction-specific reactive desorption is efficient for small molecules that form via highly exothermic atom-addition reactions. Higher reactive desorption efficiency results in lower gas-phase abundances of COMs. Indirect reactive desorption allows to closely reproduce the observed H2O:CO:CO2 ratio towards a number of background stars. Presumably this can be done by any mechanism whose efficiency fits with the sequence CO > CO2 >> H2O. After the freeze-out has ended, the three sublayers represent chemically distinct parts of the mantle. 8...10.5mag is the likely AV threshold for the appearance of CO ice. The lower value is supported by observations.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Simulation of X-ray diffraction profiles for bent anisotropic crystals
Creators: name: del Rio, Manuel Sanchez
name: Perez-Bocanegra, Nicolas
name: Shi, Xianbo
name: Honkimaki, Veijo
name: Zhang, Lin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The equations for calculating diffraction profiles for bent crystals are revisited for both meridional and sagittal bending. Two approximated methods for computing diffraction profiles are treated: multilamellar and Penning-Polder. A common treatment of crystal anisotropy is included in these models. The formulation presented is implemented into the XOP package, completing and updating the crystal module that simulates diffraction profiles for perfect, mosaic and now distorted crystals by elastic bending.
description: 16 pages, 14 figures Version 2: reduced size of Fig. 14 (it was overlapping the text), improve bib format, some other minor fixes
Escenarios de futuro al 2030 de la Logistica Internacional de Mercancias en el Perú.docx
Creators: name: Sánchez Mercado, Álvaro Cristian
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 150309 Logistics and Supply Chain Management
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: The current investigation develops a prospective study of the sub sector of international merchandise logistics in Peru with the aim of contributing to a more successful strategic planning that boost the development of the logistics sub-sector and the decentralized development of Peru. This work is a mixed type investigation, which includes a concurrent Qualitative - Quantitative design. It was based on the methodology developed by the English school of Foresight ® that applies the PREST Institute of the University of Manchester and following its procedures, the opinion of approximately 40 experts in all its levels of development, which belong to different linked institutions to that sub sector were considered. The results indicate there are three axes of uncertainty - development that define four future scenarios for the subsector of international merchandise logistics in Peru. These four scenarios have been named: Marine parasite, Seahorse, Blue Whale of America stranded and Pacific Killer Whale. Finally, it is prove that prospective research to 2030 of the International Merchandise Logistics sub sector in Peru, have a positive influence in the formulation of a strategic planning for the development of International Merchandise Logistics in Peru to 2030 that contributes to a country with decentralized development.
Violation of unitarity by Hawking radiation does not violate energy-momentum conservation
Creators: name: Nikolic, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An argument by Banks, Susskind and Peskin (BSP), according to which violation of unitarity would violate either locality or energy-momentum conservation, is widely believed to be a strong argument against non-unitarity of Hawking radiation. We find that the whole BSP argument rests on the crucial assumption that the Hamiltonian is not highly degenerate, and point out that this assumption is not satisfied for systems with many degrees of freedom. Using Lindblad equation, we show that high degeneracy of the Hamiltonian allows local non-unitary evolution without violating energy-momentum conservation. Moreover, since energy-momentum is the source of gravity, we argue that energy-momentum is necessarily conserved for a large class of non-unitary systems with gravity. Finally, we explicitly calculate the Lindblad operators for non-unitary Hawking radiation and show that they conserve energy-momentum.
description: 18 pages, abstract sharpened, two references added, accepted for publication in JCAP
Partial regularity and t-analytic sets for Banach function algebras
Creators: name: Feinstein, Joel
name: Mortini, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46J15, Secondary 30H50

description: In this note we introduce the notion of $t$-analytic sets. Using this concept, we construct a class of closed prime ideals in Banach function algebras and discuss some problems related to Alling's conjecture in $H^\infty$. A description of all closed $t$-analytic sets for the disk-algebra is given. Moreover, we show that some of the assertions in Daoui et al. (Proc. Am. Math. Soc. 131:3211-3220, 2003) concerning the $O$-analyticity and $S$-regularity of certain Banach function algebras are not correct. We also determine the largest set on which a Douglas algebra is pointwise regular.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure
The type Ia supernova 1998bu in M96 and the Hubble constant
Creators: name: Hergenrother, C.W.
name: Stefanik, R.P.
name: Schmidt, B.P.
name: Vacca, W.D.
name: Jha, S.
name: Filippenko, A.V.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Seitzer, P.
name: Treffers, R.R.
name: Brown, W.R.
name: Goldader, J.D.
name: Rizvi, A.
name: Benson, P.J.
name: Macri, L.M.
name: Soderberg, A.M.
name: Marschall, L.A.
name: Leibundgut, B.
name: Koranyi, D.M.
name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Barton, E.J.
name: Calkins, M.L.
name: Barmby, P.
name: Caldwell, N.
name: Huchra, J.P.
name: Challis, P.
name: Kirshner, R.P.
name: Garnavich, P.M.
name: Jacoby, G.H.
name: Wood, P.R.
name: Väisänen, P.
name: Grebel, E.K.
name: Szentgyorgyi, A.H.
name: Stanek, K.Z.
name: Modjaz, M.
name: Rines, K.J., Harvard-Smithsonian Ctr. Astrophys., 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, United States
name: Pahre, M.A.
name: Berlind, P.
name: Spyromilio, J.
name: Beasley, M.
name: Li, W.
name: Riess, A.G.
name: Zajac, J.M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: We present optical and near-infrared photometry and spectroscopy of the Type Ia SN 1998bu in the Leo I Group galaxy M96 (NGC 3368). The data set consists of 356 photometric measurements and 29 spectra of SN 1998bu between UT 1998 May 11 and July 15. The well-sampled light curve indicates the supernova reached maximum light in B on UT 1998 May 19.3 (JD 2450952.8 ± 0.8) with B = 12.22 ± 0.03 and V = 11.88 ± 0.02. Application of a revised version of the Multicolor Light Curve Shape (MLCS) method yields an extinction toward the supernova of Av = 0.94 ± 0.15 mag, and indicates the supernova was of average luminosity compared to other normal Type Ia supernovae. Using the HST Cepheid distance modulus to M96 and the MLCS fitted parameters for the supernova, we derive an extinction-corrected absolute magnitude for SN 1998bu at maximum, Mv = -19.42 ± 0.22. Our independent results for this supernova are consistent with those of Suntzeff et al. Combining SN 1998bu with three other well-observed local calibrators and 42 supernovae in the Hubble flow yields a Hubble constant, H0 = 64+8-6 km s-1 Mpc-1, where the error estimate incorporates possible sources of systematic uncertainty including the calibration of the Cepheid period-luminosity relation, the metallicity dependence of the Cepheid distance scale, and the distance to the LMC.
Coupled Spin and Shape Evolution of Small Rubble-Pile Asteroids: Self-Limitation of the YORP Effect
Creators: name: Cotto-Figueroa, Desireé
name: Statler, Thomas S.
name: Richardson, Derek C.
name: Tanga, Paolo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first self-consistent simulations of the coupled spin-shape evolution of small gravitational aggregates under the influence of the YORP effect. Because of YORP's sensitivity to surface topography, even small centrifugally driven reconfigurations of aggregates can alter the YORP torque dramatically, resulting in spin evolution that can differ qualitatively from the rigid-body prediction. One third of our simulations follow a simple evolution described as a modified YORP cycle. Two-thirds exhibit one or more of three distinct behaviors---stochastic YORP, self-governed YORP, and stagnating YORP---which together result in YORP self-limitation. Self-limitation confines rotation rates of evolving aggregates to far narrower ranges than those expected in the classical YORP cycle, greatly prolonging the times over which objects can preserve their sense of rotation. Simulated objects are initially randomly packed, disordered aggregates of identical spheres in rotating equilibrium, with low internal angles of friction. Their shape evolution is characterized by rearrangement of the entire body, including the deep interior. They do not evolve to axisymmetric top shapes with equatorial ridges. Mass loss occurs in one-third of the simulations, typically in small amounts from the ends of a prolate-triaxial body. We conjecture that YORP self-limitation may inhibit formation of top-shapes, binaries, or both, by restricting the amount of angular momentum that can be imparted to a deformable body. Stochastic YORP, in particular, will affect the evolution of collisional families whose orbits drift apart under the influence of Yarkovsky forces, in observable ways.
description: 42 pages, 19 figures, submitted to ApJ
Wireless Information and Energy Transfer for Two-Hop Non-Regenerative MIMO-OFDM Relay Networks
Creators: name: Xiong, Ke
name: Fan, Pingyi
name: Zhang, Chuang
name: Letaief, Khaled Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper investigates the simultaneous wireless information and energy transfer for the non-regenerative multipleinput multiple-output orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (MIMO-OFDM) relaying system. By considering two practical receiver architectures, we present two protocols, time switchingbased relaying (TSR) and power splitting-based relaying (PSR). To explore the system performance limit, we formulate two optimization problems to maximize the end-to-end achievable information rate with the full channel state information (CSI) assumption. Since both problems are non-convex and have no known solution method, we firstly derive some explicit results by theoretical analysis and then design effective algorithms for them. Numerical results show that the performances of both protocols are greatly affected by the relay position. Specifically, PSR and TSR show very different behaviors to the variation of relay position. The achievable information rate of PSR monotonically decreases when the relay moves from the source towards the destination, but for TSR, the performance is relatively worse when the relay is placed in the middle of the source and the destination. This is the first time to observe such a phenomenon. In addition, it is also shown that PSR always outperforms TSR in such a MIMO-OFDM relaying system. Moreover, the effect of the number of antennas and the number of subcarriers are also discussed.
description: 16 pages, 12 figures, to appear in IEEE Selected Areas in Communications
Angular size measurements of carbon Miras and S-type stars
Creators: name: Kannappan, S.J.
name: Van Belle, G.T.
name: Benson, J.A.
name: Dyck, H.M.
name: Thompson, R.R.
Publisher: name: University of Chicago Press
Year: 1997

description: In our continuing investigation of highly evolved stars, we report new interferometric angular diameter observations of 5 carbon and 4 S-type Mira variable stars, and 4 non-Mira S stars. From the data, effective temperatures and linear radii are calculated. We compare the values of these parameters obtained for stars discussed in this paper with the same parameters for oxygen-rich giants/supergiants, oxygen-rich Mira variables, and non-Mira carbon stars presented in Dyck et al. (1996a, AJ, 111, 1705), van Belle et al. (1996, AJ, 112, 2147), and Dyck et al. (1996b, AJ, 112, 294), respectively. There are two principal findings from a synthesis of these studies. First, the non-Mira variables of each chemical class are consistently hotter and smaller than their Mira-variable counterparts. Second, the S stars lie between the oxygen-rich and the carbon-rich stars in both effective temperature and linear radius, for both the Mira-type and non-Mira stars.
Nietzsche and Montaigne: Concepts of Style
Creators: name: Heitsch, Dorothea B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Nietzsche was an enthusiastic reader of Montaigne and loved the humanist's intellectual and physiological disposition which was similar to his own. The nature of this literary relationship is difficult to determine, because the traits that might make Montaigne a prominent figure in Nietzsche's text are exactly the ones that Nietzsche either internalizes completely or overdraws the most. One element which can be discussed in a contrastive analysis of both writers is that of style. My article shows that Nietzsche's style is formed by Montaigne's writing “en chair et en os”, by the imperceptibly subversive tums of his sentences as well as by the slyly ironic tone that prevails in many essays. This style goes hand in hand with an open form that has been influenced by the essay.
Mapping CS in Starburst Galaxies: Disentangling and Characterising Dense Gas
Creators: name: Kelly, G.
name: Viti, S.
name: Bayet, E.
name: Aladro, R.
name: Yates, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We observe the dense gas tracer CS in two nearby starburst galaxies to determine how the conditions of the dense gas varies across the circumnuclear regions in starburst galaxies. Methods. Using the IRAM-30m telescope, we mapped the distribution of the CS(2-1) and CS(3-2) lines in the circumnuclear regions of the nearby starburst galaxies NGC 3079 and NGC 6946. We also detected the formaldehyde (H2CO) and methanol (CH3OH) in both galaxies. We marginally detect the isotopologue C34S. Results. We calculate column densities under LTE conditions for CS and CH3OH. Using the detections accumulated here to guide our inputs, we link a time and depth dependent chemical model with a molecular line radiative transfer model; we reproduce the observations, showing how conditions where CS is present are likely to vary away from the galactic centres. Conclusions. Using the rotational diagram method for CH3OH, we obtain a lower limit temperature of 14 K. In addition to this, by comparing the chemical and radiative transfer models to observations, we determine the properties of the dense gas as traced by CS (and CH3OH). We also estimate the quantity of the dense gas. We find that, provided that there are a between 10^5 and 10^6 dense cores in our beam, for both target galaxies, emission of CS from warm (T = 100 - 400 K), dense (n(H2) = 10^5-6 cm-3) cores, possibly with a high cosmic ray ionisation rate (zeta = 100 zeta0) best describes conditions for our central pointing. In NGC 6946, conditions are generally cooler and/or less dense further from the centre, whereas in NGC 3079, conditions are more uniform. The inclusion of shocks allows for more efficient CS formation, leading to an order of magnitude less dense gas being required to replicate observations in some cases.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, accepted to A&A
Descartes, Cardiac Heat, and Alchemy
Creators: name: Heitsch, Dorothea B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: René Descartes (1596–1650) insisted on a heat and light theory to explain cardiac movement, and used concepts such as distillation of the vital spirits, fermentation in the digestive process, and fermentation in the circulation of the blood. I argue that his theory of the body as a heat-exchange system was based on alchemical and natural philosophical notions of fire and light expounded by precursors and contemporaries who included Jean D'Espagnet, Jean Fernel, Jan Baptist van Helmont, and Andreas Libavius. Descartes endeavoured to mechanise their approaches, creating a theory in which fire and heat, a legacy from thermal explanations of physiology, were transformed into alchemical fire, and then into mechanistic or physicalist heat.
Resurgence, Operator Product Expansion, and Remarks on Renormalons in Supersymmetric Yang-Mills
Creators: name: Shifman, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I discuss similarities and differences between the resurgence program in quantum mechanics and the operator product expansion in strongly coupled Yang-Mills theories. In ${\mathcal N}=1$ super-Yang-Mills renormalons possess peculiar features that make them different from renormalons in QCD. Their conventional QCD interpretation does not seem to be applicable in supersymmetric Yang-Mills in a straightforward manner.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures. This is a write-up of my talk at the Conference "Resurgence and Trans-series in Quantum, Gauge and String Theories," June 30 - July 4, 2014, CERN; v2. One reference added
Statistics of the Island-Around-Island Hierarchy in Hamiltonian Phase Space
Creators: name: Alus, Or
name: Fishman, Shmuel
name: Meiss, James D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase space of a typical Hamiltonian system contains both chaotic and regular orbits, mixed in a complex, fractal pattern. One oft-studied phenomenon is the algebraic decay of correlations and recurrence time distributions. For area-preserving maps, this has been attributed to the stickiness of boundary circles, which separate chaotic and regular components. Though such dynamics has been extensively studied, a full understanding depends on many fine details that typically are beyond experimental and numerical resolution. This calls for a statistical approach, the subject of the present work. We calculate the statistics of the boundary circle winding numbers, contrasting the distribution of the elements of their continued fractions to that for uniformly selected irrationals. Since phase space transport is of great interest for dynamics, we compute the distributions of fluxes through island chains. Analytical fits show that the "level" and "class" distributions are distinct, and evidence for their universality is given.
description: 31 pages, 13 figures
Inverse magnetic catalysis in the Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and entangled Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models
Creators: name: Providência, Constança
name: Ferreira, Márcio
name: Costa, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the QCD phase diagram at zero chemical potential and finite temperature in the presence of an external magnetic field within the three flavor Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio and entangled Polyakov-Nambu-Jona-Lasinio models looking for the inverse magnetic catalysis. Two scenarios for a scalar coupling parameter dependent on the magnetic field intensity are considered. These dependencies of the coupling allow to reproduce qualitatively lattice QCD results for the quark condensates and for the Polyakov loop: due to the magnetic field the quark condensates are enhanced at low and high temperatures and suppressed for temperatures close to the transition temperatures while the Polyakov loop increases with the increasing of the magnetic field.
description: Contribution to the workshop "EEF70 - Workshop on Unquenched Hadron Spectroscopy: Non-Perturbative Models and Methods of QCD vs. Experiment", Coimbra, Portugal, September 1-5, 2014
Anomalous and normal dependence of the sound velocity in the liquid Bi-Sb system
Creators: name: Emuna, Moran
name: Greenberg, Yaron
name: Yahel, Eyal
name: Makov, Guy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The sound velocity in selected liquid alloys of the isomorphous Bi-Sb system was measured as a function of temperature to a high accuracy of 0.2%. The sound velocity temperature coefficient, dlnc/dT, at the liquidus is found to vary non-monotonously as a function of alloy composition, with the transition from normal to anomalous temperature dependence occurring at a composition of approximately Bi35Sb65. Beyond this composition up to approximately Bi10Sb90 the sound velocity is found to be temperature independent over a wide range. The deviation of the sound velocity from that expected in an ideal solution is found to be dominated by a sub-regular interaction. The present measurements allow the determination of the pressure dependence of the sub-regular solution interaction parameters and are found to be consistent with high pressure studies of the phase diagram in this system. The sound velocity is shown to be an effective measure of the pressure dependence of the alloy interactions.
Main alchimique et transmutation des signes dans L’Histoire veritable, ou le Voyage des princes fortunez de Béroalde de Verville
Creators: name: Heitsch, Dorothea B.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2017

description: Cet article traite de la fonction, la signification et la portée de la main dans L’Histoire veritable, ou le Voyage des princes fortunez pour démontrer comment Béroalde de Verville, par le biais de l’alchimie, arrive à préciser le travail de l’écrivain-philosophe. L’épisode centré autour de la main paradigmatique émergeant de la mer dans le royaume des Sobares, une main qui ravage et qui construit, incarne la main ambivalente de l’auteur-alchimiste qui digère toute création et toute tradition pour, de son autre main, y ajouter des transformations.
Nonlinear analysis of magnetization dynamics excited by spin Hall effect
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Tomohiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the possibility of exciting self-oscillation in a perpendicular ferromagnet by the spin Hall effect on the basis of a nonlinear analysis of the Landau-Lifshitz-Gilbert (LLG) equation. In the self-oscillation state, the energy supplied by the spin torque during a precession on a constant energy curve should equal the dissipation due to damping. Also, the current to balance the spin torque and the damping torque in the self-oscillation state should be larger than the critical current to destabilize the initial state. We find that the second condition in the spin Hall system is not satisfied by deriving analytical solutions of the energy supplied by the spin transfer effect and the dissipation due to the damping from the nonlinear LLG equation. This indicates that the self-oscillation of a perpendicular ferromagnet cannot be excited solely by the spin Hall torque.
description: 7pages, 3 figures
Eljön-e még az aranykor? Prófécia, költöi öntudat és zeneiség: a lebegtetés poétikája Vergilius Negyedik eklogájában
Creators: name: Mezosi, Miklos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Roman bucolic poetry
Vergil, Eclogues
Literary criticism
Genre poetics

description: The poetic performance in the Fourth Eclogue revives the pastoral genre in a curious way: while none of the elements that traditionally mark this genre (shepherd, love etc.) appears in the poem, the bucolic character is assured solely by the autoreferentialities that make for the formation of the eclogue's poetic structure. The text thus constituted is an autoreferential realization of this innovative intention: the poetic innovation displays itself, making us witness the “making of literary history”. The interpretation of the text will bring about our understanding that the Golden Age, whose arrival has actually been indicated at the beginning of the poem, is to be conceived as a consummated form of the poet's self-consciousness.