cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Lorentz-covariant sampling theory for fields
Creators: name: Pye, Jason
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sampling theory is a discipline in communications engineering involved with the exact reconstruction of continuous signals from discrete sets of sample points. From a physics perspective, this is interesting in relation to the question of whether spacetime is continuous or discrete at the Planck scale, since in sampling theory we have functions which can be viewed as equivalently residing on a continuous or discrete space. Further, it is possible to formulate analogues of sampling which yield discreteness without disturbing underlying spacetime symmetries. In particular, there is a proposal for how this can be adapted for Minkowski spacetime. Here we will provide a detailed examination of the extension of sampling theory to this context. We will also discuss generally how spacetime symmetries manifest themselves in sampling theory, which at the surface seems in conflict with the fact that the discreteness of the sampling is not manifestly covariant. Specifically, we will show how the symmetry of a function space with a sampling property is equivalent to the existence of a family of possible sampling lattices related by the symmetry transformations.
description: v2: Added more detailed discussion about connection with Generalized Uncertainty Principles
title: Fix Spectre in Hardware! Why and How
Creators: name: Ertl, Martin
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2025
Subjects: Spectre Attacks
Security
Computer microarchitecture

description: Spectre can be fixed in hardware by treating speculative microarchitectural state in the same way as speculative architectural state: On mis-speculation throw away all the speculatively-performed changes. The resource-contention side channel needs to be closed, too. This position paper also explains how Spectre works, why software mitigations are not sufficient.
Electron spin filter and polarizer in a standing light wave
Creators: name: Ahrens, Sven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate the theoretical feasibility of spin-dependent diffraction and spin-polarization of an electron in two counter-propagating, circularly polarized laser beams. The spin-dynamics appears in a two-photon process of the Kapitza-Dirac effect in the Bragg regime. We show the spin-dependence of the diffraction process by comparison of the time-evolution of a spin-up and spin-down electron in a relativistic quantum simulation. We further discuss the spin properties of the scattering by studying an analytically approximated solution of the time-evolution matrix. A classification scheme in terms of unitary or non-unitary propagation matrices is used for establishing a generalized and spin-independent description of the spin properties in the diffraction process.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
title: Representations of Islam and Muslims in early modern English drama from Marlowe to Massinger
Creators: name: Abu-Baker, Mohamed Hassan
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Theater history.

description: The representation of Islam and Muslims in early modern English drama draws heavily on the Christian polemical tradition established in the Middle Ages. That polemic was the product of hostility and hatred and consequently sought to construct Islam as the negation of Christianity; the Prophet Muhammad as an impostor, an evil sensualist, an Antichrist; Muslims as violent and barbaric. The whole Islamic world was seen as the fearful enemy which had to be checked and ultimately destroyed. It was in this spirit of religious hostility that imaginative Christian European narratives, from the Middle Ages on, deliberately sacrificed accuracy for the sake of constructing a negative image of Islam and Muslims that was relevant to the polemical purposes of their representations. Two outstanding themes emerge from these representations; namely that the Islamic East was the realm of lascivious sensuality and inherent violence. Early modem English dramatists, from Marlowe to Massinger, readily employed these themes. Nevertheless, some authors, like Marlowe, were imaginative enough to transcend the limitations of a crudely hostile representation of Islam and Muslims by using them as means to question the foundations of Christian culture, or to articulate their individual positions, or both. Other authors, like Peele, Kyd, and Massinger, used representations of Muslims as analogues for the divisive conflicts within the body of Christendom and as instruments of propaganda in the continuing war between rival Christian sects. Fulke Greville, on the other hand, deployed the Islamic setting and Muslim characters as instruments to raise his concerns about the moral and philosophical issues pertaining to the question of the relationship between tyrannical order and democratic anarchy in the fallen state of spiritual depravity. In general, however, representations of Islam and Muslims in early modern English drama tended to reinforce the Christians' perceptions of their own cultural and moral superiority. They also served to confirm for the Christians their long-established preconceptions. The long history of conflict between the two religions helped to keep these perceptions and preconceptions firmly embedded in the theatrical productions of Renaissance England.
Exploring the dynamics of transport in the Dutch limes
Creators: name: Groenhuijzen, Mark R.
name: Verhagen, Philip
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Least cost analysis
subject: network analysis
subject: palaeogeography
subject: Roman limes
subject: transport reconstruction.
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: Very little is known about local scale transport in the Roman period in the Netherlands, and therefore this paper aims to reconstruct and examine local transport networks through an integrative approach, using data and research from palaeogeography, physiology, archaeology and computational archaeological approaches. This study particularly focusses on the role of different modes of transport and the role of the natural environment. Firstly, a palaeogeographic reconstruction is presented encompassing both the natural and the cultural landscape. Transport networks for several modes are then reconstructed by calculating least cost paths that incorporate functions from physiological research. These networks are analysed using standard network analytical procedures. Interesting interpretations can be inferred from the results of these procedures, including some relating to the different characteristics of the transport modes but notably also the relative important role of stone- built settlements in the networks and the relative lack of control that the Roman forts have over the transport network.
Correlating Gravitational Wave and Gamma-ray Signals from Primordial Black Holes
Creators: name: Agashe, Kaustubh
name: Chang, Jae Hyeok
name: Clark, Steven J.
name: Dutta, Bhaskar
name: Tsai, Yuhsin
name: Xu, Tao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Asteroid-mass primordial black holes (PBH) can explain the observed dark matter abundance while being consistent with the current indirect detection constraints. These PBH can produce gamma-ray signals from Hawking radiation that are within the sensitivity of future measurements by the AMEGO and e-ASTROGAM experiments. PBH which give rise to such observable gamma-ray signals have a cosmic origin from large primordial curvature fluctuations. There must then be a companion, stochastic gravitational wave (GW) background produced by the same curvature fluctuations. We demonstrate that the resulting GW signals will be well within the sensitivity of future detectors such as LISA, DECIGO, BBO, and the Einstein Telescope. The multi-messenger signal from the observed gamma-rays and GW will allow a precise measurement of the primordial curvature perturbation that produces the PBH. Indeed, we argue that the resulting correlation between the two types of observations can provide a smoking-gun signal of PBH.
description: 17 pages, 5 figures. v2: version published in PRD, fixed a typo in Eq.28
A broad 750 GeV diphoton resonance? Not alone
Creators: name: Roig, P.
name: Sanz-Cillero, J. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The hint for a possible resonance in the diphoton channel with mass of 750~GeV disappeared in the data presented at ICHEP'16 by ATLAS and CMS. However, the diphoton final state remains as one of the golden channels for new physics discoveries at the TeV scale in the LHC experiments. This motivates us to analyze model-independently the implications of an O(TeV) bump in the $γγ$ final state. By means of forward sum-rules for $γγ$ scattering, we show that a spin-0 resonance with mass of the order of the TeV and a sizable $γγ$ partial width -of the order of a few GeV- must be accompanied by higher spin resonances with $J_R\geq 2$ with similar properties, as expected in strongly coupled extensions of the Standard Model or, alternatively, in higher dimensional deconstructed duals. Furthermore, independently of whether the putative O(TeV) candidate is a scalar or a tensor, the large contribution to the forward sum-rules in the referred scenario implies the presence of states in the spectrum with $J_R\geq 2$, these high spin particles being a manifestation of new extra-dimensions or composite states of a new strong sector.
description: 4 pages; updated version published in PRD
Solving integral equations in free-space with inverse-designed ultrathin optical metagratings
Creators: name: Cordaro, Andrea
name: Edwards, Brian
name: Nikkhah, Vahid
name: Alù, Andrea
name: Engheta, Nader
name: Polman, Albert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: As standard microelectronic technology approaches fundamental limitations in speed and power consumption, novel computing strategies are strongly needed. Analog optical computing enables processing large amounts of data at a negligible energy cost and high speeds. Based on these principles, ultrathin optical metasurfaces have been recently explored to process large images in real-time, in particular for edge detection. By incorporating feedback, it has also been recently shown that metamaterials can be tailored to solve complex mathematical problems in the analog domain, although these efforts have so far been limited to guided-wave systems and bulky setups. Here, we present an ultrathin Si metasurface-based platform for analog computing that is able to solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind using free-space visible radiation. A Si-based metagrating was inverse-designed to implement the scattering matrix synthesizing a prescribed Kernel corresponding to the mathematical problem of interest. Next, a semi-transparent mirror was incorporated into the sample to provide adequate feedback and thus perform the required Neumann series, solving the corresponding equation in the analog domain at the speed of light. Visible wavelength operation enables a highly compact, ultrathin device that can be interrogated from free-space, implying high processing speeds and the possibility of on-chip integration.
Structural, Optical and Electrical Properties of ZnO/Perovskite/CuO/ Al Solar Cells
Creators: name: Ait Dads, H.
name: Nkhaili, L.
name: El Kissani, A.
name: El Aakib, H.
name: Laalioui, S.
name: Ait Ali, M.
name: Outzourhit, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1163-1165
description: Organolead-halide-perovskite-based solar cells have recently received significant attention due to their
excellent photovoltaic performances and low cost. The general formula of the perovskite absorber is ABX3, where A
stands for (R-NH3) and B is a metal (Pb or Sn) and X is a halide (Cl, I, or Br).
In this work we report on the fabrication of FTO/ ZnO/ CH3NH3Pb(I1-xBrx)3 /CuO/Al planar heterojunction solar
cells. The perovskite acts as an absorber, CuO and ZnO act as a hole conductor and electron transport layers
respectively. The perovskite was produced by a two step process in ambient atmosphere. Zinc oxide thin films and
copper oxide were fabricated by RF sputtering on indium- tin- oxide covered glass substrates. The structural and
optical properties of the films were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. The electrical
junction properties were investigated by current–voltage (I–V) characteristics. The junction showed a photovoltaic
behavior.
A Machine Learning Framework for Event Identification via Modal Analysis of PMU Data
Creators: name: Bazargani, Nima T.
name: Dasarathy, Gautam
name: Sankar, Lalitha
name: Kosut, Oliver
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Power systems are prone to a variety of events (e.g. line trips and generation loss) and real-time identification of such events is crucial in terms of situational awareness, reliability, and security. Using measurements from multiple synchrophasors, i.e., phasor measurement units (PMUs), we propose to identify events by extracting features based on modal dynamics. We combine such traditional physics-based feature extraction methods with machine learning to distinguish different event types. Including all measurement channels at each PMU allows exploiting diverse features but also requires learning classification models over a high-dimensional space. To address this issue, various feature selection methods are implemented to choose the best subset of features. Using the obtained subset of features, we investigate the performance of two well-known classification models, namely, logistic regression (LR) and support vector machines (SVM) to identify generation loss and line trip events in two datasets. The first dataset is obtained from simulated generation loss and line trip events in the Texas 2000-bus synthetic grid. The second is a proprietary dataset with labeled events obtained from a large utility in the USA involving measurements from nearly 500 PMUs. Our results indicate that the proposed framework is promising for identifying the two types of events.
description: 12 pages, Accepted for the publication in the IEEE Transactions on Power Systems
On the influence of age of acquisition and proficiency on second language processing
Creators: name: Domke, Juliane
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Philosophische Fakultät II
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: EKP
subject: Erwerbsalter
subject: Kenntnisstand
subject: Sprachverarbeitung
subject: ERP
subject: Age of Acquisition
subject: Proficiency
subject: Language Proficiency
subject: 400 Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik
subject: 51 Allg. und Vgl. Sprach- und Literaturwissenschaft
subject: ER 925

description: Diese Dissertation untersucht den Einfluss des Erwerbsalters und des Kenntnisstandes auf die Verarbeitung semantischer und syntaktischer Strukturen des Deutschen als Zweitsprache. Gegenstand sind drei EKP Studien, die die Verarbeitung von semantischen Anomalien, Doppel-Nominativ Verletzungen und nicht-lizenzierten negativ polaren Elementen untersuchen. Neben den Fragen, welchen Einfluss das Erwerbsalter und der Kenntnisstand auf die Verarbeitung der Zweitsprache nehmen und welche daraus resultierenden Unterschiede sich bezüglich der Dissoziation zwischen der Verarbeitung semantischer und syntaktischer Strukturen ergeben, widmet sich diese Arbeit zentral der Frage, ob die Einflüsse von Erwerbsalter und Kenntnisstand unabhängig oder interaktiv auftreten und ob sie eher auf einen kontinuierlichen Verlauf oder sichtbare Grenzen hinweisen.
description: This dissertation presents research on how the age of acquisition (AoA) and the proficiency level influence the processing of a second language. Three ERP studies (event related potentials) were conducted investigating on the processing of semantic incongruity, the processing of double nominative violation, and the processing of negative polarity item (NPI) licensing in German as a second language. Three central questions were in focus: (i) whether second language learners, like native speakers also show the dissociation between semantic and syntactic processing; (ii) whether and how AoA and / or proficiency influence second language processing, independently or interactively; and (iii) whether this influence appears gradual or discontinuous. According to (i) results largely confirm previous research on this topic suggesting that second language processing is sensitive to the semantic-syntactic dissociation. Regarding (ii) outcomes suggest interactive influences between the AoA and proficiency on second language processing especially when syntactic and semantic-syntactic demands are enhanced as to the language processing system. This contributes to recent suggestions and augments the argument that relative to the activation and retrieval of neural resources associated with syntactic processing mechanisms proficiency may compensate for the impact of age of acquisition. With respect to (iii) the present outcomes strongly support a continuity approach indicating that changes in the activation and retrieval of processing mechanisms appear gradual.
title: Ich sehe was, das du nicht siehst: Visual Question Answering heute & in Zukunft
Creators: name: Eiter, Thomas
name: Higuera Ruiz, Nelson Nicolas
name: Oetsch, Johannes
Publisher: name: TU Wien
Year: 2024
Subjects: visual quesion answering

description: https://www.tualumni.at/wp-content/uploads/2024/03/Bulletin-Nr.-56-WEB.pdf
A One-Step Deposition Method Assisted with Non Polar Washing Solvent Treatment to Produce Uniform Thin Layers of Perovskite Validated through Ellipsometry
Creators: name: Montes, C.
name: Ocaña, L.
name: Quinto, C.
name: González-Pérez, S.
name: González-Diaz, B.
name: Hernandez-Rodriguez, C.
name: Friend, M.
name: Cendagorta, M.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1181-1185
description: The present work summarizes the methodology developed by the laboratory of solar cells (SiCelLab)
from the Instituto Tecnológico y de Energías Renovables (Canary Islands, Spain), which has been validated by the
use of spectral ellipsometry characterization, in order to evaluate the optical properties and the thickness of thin films
of methylammonium lead iodide (CH3NH3PBI3), deposited from solutions of their chemical precursors, via spin
coating over glass substrates by the one-step method, assisted with non polar washing solvent treatment. The
application of this methodology has lead to produce samples with a high degree of uniformity and repetitiveness.
title: Zwischen Dispositionen und Eigensinn
title: Zum Stellenwert von Raumwissen und Wissensraum im Rahmen einer archäologischen Analyse alltäglichen Handelns
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Sturm, Peter
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Habitus
subject: Eigensinn
subject: Praxistheorie
subject: micro debris
subject: Alltag
subject: Aktivitätszone
subject: practice theory
subject: everyday life
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie::930 Geschichte des Altertums bis ca. 499, Archäologie

description: Dieser Beitrag hat zum Ziel, die Tauglichkeit der Begriffe Raumwissen und Wissensraum als analytische Kategorien der historisch-archäologischen Forschung zu überprüfen. Vor dem Hintergrund einer praxistheoretischen Perspektive wird diskutiert, wie sich Raumwissen und Wissensraum in die archäologische Analyse alltäglichen Handelns einbetten lassen. Den Ausgangspunkt bildet Pierre Bourdieus Konzept des Habitus. Um dessen vergleichsweise statischen Charakter zu dynamisieren, wird das Eigensinn- Konzept des Alltagshistorikers Alf Lüdtke herangezogen. Durch die Eingliederung von Eigensinn in den Habitus entsteht eine theoretische Konzeption, die für die archäologische Untersuchung alltäglicher Praxis gut geeignet ist. Dazu wird ein methodischer Zugang illustriert. Schließlich wird geklärt, welcher Stellenwert Raumwissen und Wissensraum in diesem Rahmen zukommenkann.
description: In this contribution I will examine the concepts of Raumwissen and Wissensraum in terms of their suitability as analytical categories for historical-archaeological research. Against the backdrop of a practice theoretical perspective, I will discuss how Raumwissen and Wissenraum may be included in the archaeological analysis of everyday practice. The starting point is Pierre Bourdieu’s concept of habitus. To overcome its static character, I employ the concept of Eigensinn as outlined by the historian of everyday life Alf Lüdtke. The integration of Eigensinn into habitus leads to a theoretical conception that lends itself well to the archaeological analysis of everyday practice. After an illustration of an appropriate methodological approach, I will discuss the place of Raumwissen and Wissensraum in the framework outlined here.
The Potential of Perovskite Solar Cells in Morocco
Creators: name: Laalioui, S.
name: Belrhiti Alaoui, K.
name: Chachdi, A.
name: Ait Dads, H.
name: El Assali, K.
name: Rahmouni, B.
name: Ikken, B.
name: Outzourhit, A.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1186-1191
description: The performance of solar cells based on hybrid perovskites has undergone an unprecedented evolution
and has stimulated the interest of the scientific and industrial community in the photovoltaics sector.
Nevertheless, no study for the potential of this technology in term of industrial integration and research capability has
been performed for Morocco. In order to set up a research roadmap in Morocco for perovskite-based PV, a detailed
state of the art of this technology was carried out. Furthermore, a market analysis was performed to in order to gage the
interest of the Moroccan industries in this technology. The results show that the tandems cells such using stable
perovskite top cell and a silicon heterojunction bottom cell has the highest potential in terms of efficiency, stability
and industrial integration. 53% of the companies surveyed expressed their interest in this technology.
Education and sustainable behavior: a case study
Creators: name: Pérez-Arango, Diana
name: Camacho Murillo, Giovanni Andrés
Publisher: name: Universidad Externado de Colombia. Facultad de economía.
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Educación - Aspectos sociales - Sabaneta (Colombia)
subject: Calidad de vida - Aspectos socioeconómicos - Sabaneta (Colombia)
subject: Medio ambiente - Aspectos sociales - Sabaneta (Colombia)
subject: Sustainable behavior
subject: Education
subject: Ordered multinomial probit model
subject: Climate change

description: Este artículo analiza la influencia de la educación en el comportamiento ambiental de los habitantes del municipio de Sabaneta. Con datos de la Encuesta de Percepción Ciudadana de Calidad de Vida de 2018 se emplea un modelo probit para analizar los efectos de la educación considerando características sociodemográficas. Los resultados muestran comportamientos más favorables con el medio ambiente a medida que aumenta la escolaridad, aunque existen diferencias significativas entre personas: es más favorable entre menores de 55 años y habitantes rurales que entre miembros de sus grupos de control. Estos resultados son de interés para las iniciativas educativas que buscan mejorar la actitud hacia el medio ambiente.
description: This paper analyzes the influence of education on people’ sustainable behavior as one of the key strategies to tackle climate change. A multinomial probit model for ordinal responses is employed using data from the Perception Survey on the Quality of Life of the municipality of Sabaneta, Colombia, year 2018. The heterogenous effects of education on sustainable behaviors are analyzed based on people’s socio demographic characteristics. Findings show that individuals with more schooling degrees tend to show further levels of sustainable behaviors, although differences exist between groups: people under 55 years of age, and residents who live in rural areas tend to show greater sustainable behaviors, compared to individuals in the control groups, as they educate more. These results have important implications for policy initiatives aimed at increasing friendly actions for the environment through education.
Growth of p-Type CdZnTe Thin Films as Prospective Absorber Layer for Photovoltaic Application
Creators: name: Tahzib Enam, F.M.
name: Rahman, K.S.
name: Akhtaruzzaman, M.
name: Sopian, K.
name: Islam, M.A.
name: Amin, N.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1085-1087
description: Cadmium Zinc Telluride (CdZnTe) thin films have been deposited by thermal evaporation technique
whether the absorber source is formed by mixing powder of Cadmium (Cd), Zinc (Zn) and Tellurium (Te) particles.
Inert gas Argon (Ar) helps to make the CdZnTe (CZT) ternary alloy semiconductor in different annealing conditions.
A comprehensive study of the films was executed by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Hall Effect Measurement, and UVVIS-
NIR, respectively. The non-stoichiometric composition of CZT (Cd0.4Zn0.6Te) was originated which has a direct
optimal band gap 1.7 eV with Ar pressure of 1.62 Torr and temperature of 400C in thermal annealing chamber at a
rated current of 28A.
Inner Skin Effects on Non-Hermitian Topological Fractals
Creators: name: Manna, Sourav
name: Roy, Bitan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Non-Hermitian (NH) crystals, quasicrystals and amorphous network display an accumulation of a macroscopic number of states near one of its specific interfaces with vacuum, such as edge, surface, hinge or corner. This phenomenon is known as the NH skin effect, which can only be observed with open boundary condition. In this regard self-similar fractals, manifesting inner boundaries in the interior of the system, harbor a novel phenomenon, the \emph{inner skin effect} (ISE). Then the NH skin effect appears at the inner boundaries of the fractal lattice with periodic boundary condition. We showcase this observation by implementing prominent models for NH insulators and superconductors on representative planar Sierpinski carpet fractal lattices. They accommodate both first-order and second-order ISEs at inner edges and corners, respectively, for charged as well as neutral Majorana fermions. Furthermore, over extended parameter regimes ISEs are tied with nontrivial bulk topological invariants, yielding intrinsic ISEs. With the recent success in engineering NH topological phases on highly tunable metamaterial platforms, such as photonic and phononic lattices, as well as topolectric circuits, the proposed ISEs can be observed experimentally at least on fractal metamaterials with periodic boundary condition.
description: Published Version: 9 Pages, 5 Figures (Supplementary Materials as Ancillary File)
The Haldane gap in the SU(3) [3 0 0] Heisenberg chain
Creators: name: Devos, Lukas
name: Vanderstraeten, Laurens
name: Verstraete, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the Haldane gap of the $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ spin $[3~0~0]$ Heisenberg model using variational uniform fully symmetric $\mathrm{SU}(3)$ matrix product states, and find that the minimal gap $Δ/J = 0.0263 $ is obtained in the $[2~1~0]$ sector at momentum $2π/3$. We also discuss the symmetry protected topological order of the ground state, and determine the full dispersion relation of the elementary excitations and the correlation lengths of the system.
Rear-Side Contacted, Laser-Structured CIGSe Cells: A Proof of Concept
Creators: name: Farías Basulto, G.
name: Schultz, C.
name: Heinemann, M.D.
name: Kaufmann, C.A.
name: Rau, B.
name: Schlatmann, R.
name: Stegemann, B.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1104-1108
description: This work provides successful proof of a novel rear-side, laser-structured contact concept, as alternative approach for
interconnecting chalcopyrite (i.e., Cu(Inx,Ga1-x)Se2 or CIGSe) solar cells. This concept is based on employing the rear
side molybdenum layer in state of the art CIGSe solar cells not only as back contact, but also as front contact. This is
accomplished by creating interdigitating contacts by a P1 laser scribe, isolating the positive and negative contacts.
The optimal design was determined by minimizing the power losses depending on the trade-off between dead-area
losses and resistive losses. The electrical characteristics of such CIGSe cells were simulated, analyzed and compared
with experimental data. The proposed scheme is a promising alternative to conventional interconnection, relying on
lower resistive losses within the molybdenum with respect to the transparent conductive oxide (TCO) layers. Thus,
this concept allows the usage of thinner TCO layers, which decreases optical losses within the TCO and increases the
short-current density jsc.
Power Matrix Measurements and Energy Rating Analysis of Organic PV Mini-Modules
Creators: name: Bardizza, G.
name: Salis, E.
name: Gracia Amillo, A.M.
name: Huld, T.
name: Dunlop, E.D.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1041-1046
description: In this paper we present accurate measurements of I-V characteristics of two organic PV (OPV) minimodules,
measured indoors following the standard IEC 61853-1. The measurements were performed at a large-area
steady-state solar simulator over a reduced range of temperatures and irradiances compared to what the standard IEC
61853-1 requires. The analysis of the electrical parameters dependence on irradiance and temperature shows
interesting results. An energy rating evaluation for OPV devices based on the measured power matrix data set has
been performed, too. The estimate of the module performance ratio at five different climatic locations shows how the
OPV technology has comparable values to some of the most common PV technologies, and also that for some of the
considered locations it may even perform relatively better. Spectral and temperature effects are the main contributing
factors.
title: "In anmutiger Reise durch Antike, Mittelalter und Frühe Neuzeit"
title: Zur Konstruktion eines (antiken) Germaniens in den Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum des Petrus Bertius von 1616
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Hübbe, Benjamin
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Germanien
subject: Frühe Neuzeit
subject: Germania antiqua
subject: Res Germanicae
subject: Raumwissen
subject: Germanenrezeption
subject: Transformation
subject: Sozialgeographie
subject: 900 Geschichte und Geografie::930 Geschichte des Altertums (bis ca. 499), Archäologie

description: Dieser Beitrag versucht der Frage nachzugehen, wie diskursiv verhandeltes Raumwissen über ein ,antikes Germanien‘ verschieden transformiert wird. Als Fallbeispiel ist ein Text aus der Res-Germanicae-Schriftstellerei der Frühen Neuzeit gewählt worden, die sich in verschiedener Weise mit den antiken Überlieferungen zu ‚Germanien‘ beschäftigte: Die Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum des Geographen, Theologen und Leidener Professors Petrus Bertius (1565–1629) bilden mit ihren drei Büchern und ihrem kompilatorischen und antiquarischen Charakter ein adäquates Beispiel für einen spezifischen Umgang mit (geographischen) Räumen in Texten der Frühen Neuzeit. Der Beitrag legt den Schwerpunkt auf das erste Buch, das die antiken Überlieferungen zu Germanien behandelt. Nach einer literaturgeschichtlichen Einordnung der Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum des Bertius wird ein Theorieansatz ausgearbeitet, der das Transformationskonzept mit einem handlungstheoretischen Raumbegriff verbindet. Auf diese Weise soll ein Verständnis für die komplexen Transformationsprozesse, die in den Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum ablaufen,erarbeitet werden.
description: This paper asks in which different ways knowledge of space about ,ancient Germania‘ is transformed in early modern historiographic and geographic texts. Using the Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum, an example of the Res-Germanicae-literature in the Early Modern Period, the author of this paper tries to describe the modes of transformation of several ancient traditions concerning ‚ancient Germania‘ in the given text. The Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum (written 1616 by the geographer, theologian and professor in Leiden, Petrus Bertius) with their three books and their compilistic and antiquarian character give an adequate example for the specific handling of (geographical) areas in texts from the early 17th century. The paper focuses on the first book, that deals with traditional, also ancient, topoi of ‚Germania‘. After a literary and historical classification of the Commentarii Rerum Germanicarum, the author of this paper combines key ideas from the concept of transformation (established by the ‚SFB 644: Transformationen der Antike‘ of the Humboldt- University) and considerations on space as an entity principally designed by human practices. Thus, the paper tries to achieve an understanding of the complex transformation processes found in the Comentarii Rerum Germanicarum, a text that reaccesses ancient sources in order to provide insights into ‚Germania‘ as an ‚ancient‘ as well as ‚present‘ space in the 17th century.
Influence of Pd-Doped TiOx on Inverted Organic Solar Cells Performance
Creators: name: Sánchez López, J.G.
name: Balderrama Vazquez, V.S.
name: Viterisi, A.
name: Estrada Del Cueto, M.
name: Ferré-Borrull, J.
name: Marsal Garví, L.F.
name: Pallarès Marzal, J.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1200-1202
description: We studied the influence of Pd-doped TiOx layer on the performance of inverted solar cells based on
thieno[3,4-b]-thiophene/benzodithiophene (PTB7) and [6,6]-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester (PC70BM). Inverted
solar cells were fabricatad using 5 different Pd concentration. As a control analysis, similar devices were fabricated
remplacing Pd-doped TiOx by pristine TiOx. The solar cells fabricated with lowest Pd-doping concentration show a
significantly improvement of the devices performance. Devices with Pd-doped TiOx exhibit reduction of the shunt
losses compared to cells with pristine TiOx. Finally, this analysis shows that TiOx with low Pd concentration could
improve the performance of solar cells. Nevertheless, high Pd concentrations are detrimental to devices performance.
The chiral anomaly and thermopower of Weyl fermions in the half-Heusler GdPtBi
Creators: name: Hirschberger, Max
name: Kushwaha, Satya
name: Wang, Zhijun
name: Gibson, Quinn
name: Belvin, Carina A.
name: Bernevig, B. A.
name: Cava, R. J.
name: Ong, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dirac and Weyl semimetals are unusual materials in which the nodes of the bulk states are protected against gap formation by crystalline symmetry. The chiral anomaly~\cite{Adler,Bell}, predicted to occur in both systems, was recently observed as a negative longitudinal magnetoresistance (LMR) in Na$_3$Bi and in TaAs. An important issue is whether Weyl physics appears in a broader class of materials. We report evidence for the chiral anomaly in the half-Heusler GdPtBi. In zero field, GdPtBi is a zero-gap semiconductor with quadratic bands. In a magnetic field, the Zeeman energy leads to Weyl nodes. We have observed a large negative LMR with the field-steering properties specific to the chiral anomaly. The chiral anomaly also induces strong suppression of the thermopower. We report a detailed study of the thermoelectric response function $α_{xx}$ of Weyl fermions. The scheme of creating Weyl nodes from quadratic bands suggests that the chiral anomaly may be observable in a broad class of semimetals.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures (Added Supplement with 11 additional pages and 14 new figures)
Paschke Dilations
Creators: name: Westerbaan, Abraham
name: Westerbaan, Bas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In 1973 Paschke defined a factorization for completely positive maps between C*-algebras. In this paper we show that for normal maps between von Neumann algebras, this factorization has a universal property, and coincides with Stinespring's dilation for normal maps into B(H).
description: In Proceedings QPL 2016, arXiv:1701.00242
BTZ Black Holes and Flat Space Cosmologies in Higher Derivative Theories
Creators: name: Zwikel, Céline
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider BTZ black holes and flat space cosmologies in generic higher derivative gravity theories in 2+1 dimensions. Our goal is to prove the match between the bulk Iyer-Wald entropy and the field theory entropy for various symmetry algebras (CFT$_2$, Warped CFT$_2$, BMS$_3$). We also discuss phase transitions in higher curvature theories, and argue that, in the flat case, there is strictly speaking no phase transition in the grand canonical ensemble.
description: Version 3: small modifications, journal reference added
Equivalence theorem of uncertainty relations
Creators: name: Li, Jun-Li
name: Qiao, Cong-Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an equivalence theorem to unify the two classes of uncertainty relations, i.e., the variance-based ones and the entropic forms, which shows that the entropy of an operator in a quantum system can be built from the variances of a set of commutative operators. That means an uncertainty relation in the language of entropy may be mapped onto a variance-based one, and vice versa. Employing the equivalence theorem, alternative formulations of entropic uncertainty relations stronger than existing ones in the literature are obtained for qubit system, and variance based uncertainty relations for spin systems are reached from the corresponding entropic uncertainty relations.
description: 18 pages, 1 figure; published in J. Phys. A: Math. Theor
Ultrafast X-ray imaging of the light-induced phase transition in VO2
Creators: name: Johnson, Allan S.
name: Pérez-Salinas, Daniel
name: Siddiqui, Khalid M.
name: Kim, Sungwon
name: Choi, Sungwook
name: Volckaert, Klara
name: Majchrzak, Paulina E.
name: Ulstrup, Søren
name: Agarwal, Naman
name: Hallman, Kent
name: Haglund, Richard F.
name: Günther, Christian M.
name: Pfau, Bastian
name: Eisebitt, Stefan
name: Backes, Dirk
name: Maccherozzi, Francesco
name: Fitzpatrick, Ann
name: Dhesi, Sarnjeet
name: Gargiani, Pierluigi
name: Valvidares, Manuel
name: Artrith, Nongnuch
name: de Groot, Frank
name: Choi, Hyeongi
name: Jang, Dogeun
name: Katoch, Abhishek
name: Kwon, Soonnam
name: Park, Sang Han
name: Kim, Hyunjung
name: Wall, Simon E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using light to control transient phases in quantum materials is an emerging route to engineer new properties and functionality, with both thermal and non-thermal phases observed out of equilibrium. Transient phases are expected to be heterogeneous, either through photo-generated domain growth or by generating topological defects, and this impacts the dynamics of the system. However, this nanoscale heterogeneity has not been directly observed. Here we use time- and spectrally resolved coherent X-ray imaging to track the prototypical light induced insulator-to-metal phase transition in vanadium dioxide on the nanoscale with femtosecond time resolution. We show that the early-time dynamics are independent of the initial spatial heterogeneity and observe a 200 fs switch to the metallic phase. A heterogeneous response emerges only after hundreds of picoseconds. Through spectroscopic imaging, we reveal that the transient metallic phase is a highly orthorhombically strained rutile metallic phase, an interpretation that is in contrast to those based on spatially averaged probes. Our results demonstrate the critical importance of spatially and spectrally resolved measurements for understanding and interpreting the transient phases of quantum materials.
Physical Model of Defect Formation in Non-Stoichiometric Cadmium Telluride
Creators: name: Tan, X.
name: Peng, S.
name: Saraf, A.
name: Xia, S.
name: Pan, J.
name: Krishnakumar, V.
name: Siepchen, B.
name: Delahoy, A.E.
name: Chin, K.K.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
CI(G)S, CdTe and Related Thin Film Solar Cells and Modules

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1123-1126
description: In this work, we propose a physical model of defect formation in non-stoichiometric cadmium telluride
(CdTe) by detailing the change of free energy for CdTe thin film under growth. The model explains the dependence of
various intrinsic point defect densities in CdTe lattice on temperature, on Fermi level, and on vapor pressures of Cd
and Te2 during physical vapor deposition (PVD). The model also establishes a physical foundation for the
experimentally observed relationship between the stoichiometry of CdTe films and the vapor pressures of Cd and Te2
via the formation of various defects. The simulation results based on the model provide theoretical insights and practical
guidance for experimentalists to fine tune the carrier concentration in CdTe thin films.
Learning may need only a few bits of synaptic precision
Creators: name: Baldassi, Carlo
name: Gerace, Federica
name: Lucibello, Carlo
name: Saglietti, Luca
name: Zecchina, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Learning in neural networks poses peculiar challenges when using discretized rather then continuous synaptic states. The choice of discrete synapses is motivated by biological reasoning and experiments, and possibly by hardware implementation considerations as well. In this paper we extend a previous large deviations analysis which unveiled the existence of peculiar dense regions in the space of synaptic states which accounts for the possibility of learning efficiently in networks with binary synapses. We extend the analysis to synapses with multiple states and generally more plausible biological features. The results clearly indicate that the overall qualitative picture is unchanged with respect to the binary case, and very robust to variation of the details of the model. We also provide quantitative results which suggest that the advantages of increasing the synaptic precision (i.e.~the number of internal synaptic states) rapidly vanish after the first few bits, and therefore that, for practical applications, only few bits may be needed for near-optimal performance, consistently with recent biological findings. Finally, we demonstrate how the theoretical analysis can be exploited to design efficient algorithmic search strategies.
description: 38 pages (main text: 16 pages), 5 figures; http://link.aps.org/doi/10.1103/PhysRevE.93.052313
Raman Spectroscopy and Imaging of Titanium Dioxide Nanotubes
Creators: name: Taziwa, R.
name: Meyer, E.
name: Zinya, S.
Publisher: name: WIP
Year: 2017
Subjects: Thin Film Photovoltaics
Perovskite, Organic and Dye-Sensitised Devices

description: 33rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition; 1196-1199
description: One-dimensional (1-D) titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) have attracted much attentions as a
promising alternative electrode materials for DSSC. As compared to the randomly packed and
disordered TiO2 nanoparticles (TNPs) network with numerous particle-particle interfaces. Vectorial
transport of photon generated electrons along the TNTs has been reported to lead to higher charge
mobility which is crucial for improvement of DSSC performances. In this work highly cohesive titanium
films were deposited on functional substrates (FS) using RF sputtering technique at a sputtering output
power of 1KW, operating pressure of 1.5 Pa and at a deposition temperature of 200 °C for 122 minutes
to obtain a thickness of 10 μm under an inert argon atmosphere. Subsequently, the RF sputtered
titanium films were anodized with ammonium fluoride/glycerol electrolyte solution at room temperature
at 60 V for 72 hours. The resulting TNTs on functional substrates (TNTs-FS) were subjected to thermal
treatment at 350 °C, 450 °C, 550 °C and 650 °C for 3 hours under oxygen atmosphere. The as prepared
and thermally treated TNTs-FS were characterized by SEM, and Confocal Raman Spectroscopy (CRS).
CRS Large Area Scan (LAS) and Depth profiling (DP) were employed evaluate the crystallinity phase
distribution of TNTs-FS thermally treated at different temperatures. CRS LAS in the XY direction of
TNTs-FS has revealed the presence of differently crystallized Anatase phases of TiO2 with Raman
vibrational modes of 159.38 cm-1 (Eg), 208.37 cm-1 (Eg), 399.67 cm-1 (B1g), 514.25 cm-1 (A1g) and 641.58
cm-1 (Eg) for the samples annealed at 350ºC. The effect of annealing temperature on TiO2 phase
evolution was meticulously evaluated using CRS for TNTs-FS for the samples annealed at 350 °C, 450
°C, 550 °C and 650 °C.