cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Studienabbruch nach einem Berufswechsel in den Lehrerberuf: Häufigkeit und subjektive Deutungen [Einzelbeitrag]
Creators: name: Weinmann-Lutz, Birgit
name: Ammann, Tina
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Es werden BerufswechslerInnen in den Lehrerberuf nach Abschluss eines allgemeinbildenden Vorstudiums (N=245) in ihrem weiteren Studienverlauf untersucht. Mithilfe von Verwaltungsdaten wurde die Abbruchquote (n=40) bestimmt. Anhand biographischer Interviews (n=47) wurde die subjektive Sicht auf den Berufswechsel und Studienabbruch beleuchtet und im Vergleich mit Absolvierenden interpretiert. Neben Schwierigkeiten zur Existenzsicherung, ungünstiger Organisation des Studiums für Berufstätige oder beruflicher Neuorientierung, gab es Hinweise auf ungünstige Verarbeitung von Misserfolgen bei den AbbrecherInnen.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2007): Technologie verändert die Bildungsforschung
Consistent bosonization-debosonization II: The two-lead Kondo problem and the fate of its non-equilibrium Toulouse point
Creators: name: Bolech, C. J.
name: Shah, Nayana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Following the development of a scheme to bosonize and debosonize consistently [N. Shah and C.J. Bolech, Phys. Rev B 93, 085440 (2016); arXiv:1508.03078], we present in detail the Toulouse-point analytic solution of the two-lead Kondo junction model. The existence and location of the solvable point is not modified, but the calculational methodology and the final expressions for observable quantities change markedly as compared to the existent results. This solvable point is one of the remarkably few exact results for non-equilibrium transport in correlated systems. It yields relatively simple analytical expressions for the current in the full range of temperature, magnetic field and voltage. It also shows precisely, within the limitations of the Toulouse fine-tuning, how the transport evolves depending on the relative strengths of inter-lead and intra-lead Kondo exchange couplings ranging from weak to strong. Thus its improved understanding is an important stepping stone for future research.
description: 15 pages, 6 figures
The intramembrane protease Sppl2a is required for B cell and DC development and survival via cleavage of the invariant chain
Creators: name: Wiltshire, Tim
name: Parker, Albert E.
name: Otero, Francella J.
name: Niessen, Sherry
name: Martoglio, Bruno
name: Cooke, Michael P.
name: Bodendorf, Ursula
name: Cravatt, Benjamin
name: Barnes, Whitney
name: Dahlberg, Carol
name: Poirot, Laurent
name: Young, Michael A.
name: Sutton, Sue E.
name: Beisner, Daniel R.
name: Langerak, Petra
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: The protease Sppl2a cleaves the N-terminal fragment of invariant chain (CD74) and is required for efficient B cell development and function.B cell development requires tight regulation to allow for the generation of a diverse repertoire while preventing the development of autoreactive cells. We report, using N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea (ENU)–induced mutagenesis, the identification of a mutant mouse (chompB) with a block in early B cell development. The blockade occurs after the transitional 1 (T1) stage and leads to a decrease in mature B cell subsets and deficits in T cell–dependent antibody responses. Additionally, chompB mice have decreases in myeloid dendritic cells (DCs). The mutation was mapped to the intramembrane protease signal peptide peptidase-like 2a (Sppl2a), a gene not previously implicated in immune cell development. Proteomic analysis identified the invariant chain (CD74) as a key substrate of Sppl2a and suggests that regulated intramembrane proteolysis of CD74 by Sppl2a contributes to B cell and DC survival. Moreover, these data suggest that modulation of Sppl2a may be a useful therapeutic strategy for treatment of B cell dependent autoimmune disorders.
A polynomially solvable case of the pooling problem
Creators: name: Boland, Natashia
name: Kalinowski, Thomas
name: Rigterink, Fabian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Answering a question of Haugland, we show that the pooling problem with one pool and a bounded number of inputs can be solved in polynomial time by solving a polynomial number of linear programs of polynomial size. We also give an overview of known complexity results and remaining open problems to further characterize the border between (strongly) NP-hard and polynomially solvable cases of the pooling problem.
description: updated references
Editorial zum Schwerpunktthema "Reflexives Lernen"
Creators: name: Häcker, Thomas
name: Hilzensauer, Wolf
name: Reinmann, Gabi
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: In diesem Beitrag wird eine Einführung zur Ausgabe 2 (2008) der "bildungsforschung" mit dem Themenschwerpunkt "Reflexives Lernen" gegeben.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2008): Reflexives Lernen
Additional file 2 of Implementation of prehospital point-of-care ultrasound using a novel continuous feedback approach in a UK helicopter emergency medical service
Creators: name: Naeem, Salman
name: Aziz, Shadman
name: Hirst, Thomas
name: Strobel, Johannes
name: Mulvey, Jamin M.
name: Lang, Ailidh
name: Patel, Jankee
name: Smith, Alexander
name: Cheng, Ka Jun
name: Palmer, Michael
name: Schlautmann, Jonas
name: Christian, Michael D.
name: Nevin, Daniel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: Space Science
Medicine
Cell Biology
Biotechnology
Cancer
Hematology

description: Supplementary Material 2
Zur Reflexionsfähigkeit und -praxis der Lehrperson
Creators: name: Wyss, Corinne
Publisher: name: bildungsforschung
Year: 2010

description: Obwohl heute Einigkeit über die Wichtigkeit der Reflexionsfähigkeit von Lehrpersonen besteht, sind Erkenntnisse zur Diagnose des eigenen Unterrichts noch kaum vorhanden. Die wenigen Resultate weisen jedoch darauf hin, dass Lehrpersonen keine guten Beurteiler ihres eigenen Unterrichts sind und sich auch ungern mit der Evaluation des Unterrichts beschäftigen. Ein geplantes Forschungsprojekt setzt hier an, indem es die Reflexionsfähigkeit und -praxis junger und erfahrener Lehrpersonen untersuchen will.
description: bildungsforschung, Bd. 2 (2008): Reflexives Lernen
Economic Consequences on Households of Illnesses Requiring Hospital Referrals: Evidence from Atsamat Hospital to Roi Et Hospital
Creators: name: Patchareeya Suwannasri
Publisher: name: Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences KKU MSU UBU
Year: 2010
Subjects: Economic consequence, Catastrophic expenditure, Hospital referral, Coping strategy, Health insurance

description: Isan Journal ofPharmaceutical Sciences, 6, 2, 52-66
General Bianchi IX dynamics in bouncing braneworld cosmology: homoclinic chaos and the BKL conjecture
Creators: name: Maier, Rodrigo
name: Soares, Ivano Damião
name: Tonini, Eduardo Valentino
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the dynamics of a Bianchi IX model on a 4-dim brane embedded in a 5-dim conformally flat empty bulk with a timelike extra dimension. Einstein's equations on the brane reduces to a 6-dim Hamiltonian dynamical system with additional terms that implement nonsingular bounces in the model. The phase space of the model has two critical points (a saddle-center-center and a center-center-center) in a finite region of phase space, and two asymptotic de Sitter critical points, one acting as an attractor to late-time dynamics. The saddle-center-center engenders in the phase space the topology of stable and unstable 4-dim cylinders $R \times S^3$, where $R$ is a saddle direction and $S^3$ is the center manifold of unstable periodic orbits (the nonlinear extension of the center-center sector). By a proper canonical transformation we separate the degrees of freedom of the dynamics into one degree connected with the expansion/contraction of the scales of the model, and two rotational degrees of freedom connected to the $S^3$. The typical dynamical flow is then an oscillatory mode about a neighborhood of the cylinders. For the stable and unstable cylinders the oscillatory motion about the separatrix towards the bounce leads to the homoclinic transversal intersection of the cylinders, as shown numerically in two distinct experiments. We show that the homoclinic intersection manifold has the topology of $R \times S^2$ consisting of homoclinic orbits biasymptotic to the center manifold $S^3$. This behavior defines a {\it chaotic saddle} associated with $S^3$, indicating that the intersection points of the cylinders have the nature of a Cantor set with a compact support $S^2$, characterizing chaos in the model. We discuss the oscillatory approach to the bounce together with its chaotic behavior, and analogous features present in the BKL conjecture in general relativity.
description: 41 pages, 17 figures
Enhancement of an anti-tumor immune response by transient blockade of central T cell tolerance
Creators: name: Su, Maureen A.
name: Hou, Yafei
name: Mouchess, Maria L.
name: Fasano, Kayla J.
name: Zhu, Meng Lei
name: Fong, Lawrence
name: Anderson, Mark S.
name: Conley, Bridget
name: Khan, Imran S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Modulation of central tolerance through RANKL alters thymic output and enhances anti-tumor immunity.Thymic central tolerance is a critical process that prevents autoimmunity but also presents a challenge to the generation of anti-tumor immune responses. Medullary thymic epithelial cells (mTECs) eliminate self-reactive T cells by displaying a diverse repertoire of tissue-specific antigens (TSAs) that are also shared by tumors. Therefore, while protecting against autoimmunity, mTECs simultaneously limit the generation of tumor-specific effector T cells by expressing tumor self-antigens. This ectopic expression of TSAs largely depends on autoimmune regulator (Aire), which is expressed in mature mTECs. Thus, therapies to deplete Aire-expressing mTECs represent an attractive strategy to increase the pool of tumor-specific effector T cells. Recent work has implicated the TNF family members RANK and RANK-Ligand (RANKL) in the development of Aire-expressing mTECs. We show that in vivo RANKL blockade selectively and transiently depletes Aire and TSA expression in the thymus to create a window of defective negative selection. Furthermore, we demonstrate that RANKL blockade can rescue melanoma-specific T cells from thymic deletion and that persistence of these tumor-specific effector T cells promoted increased host survival in response to tumor challenge. These results indicate that modulating central tolerance through RANKL can alter thymic output and potentially provide therapeutic benefit by enhancing anti-tumor immunity.
(1864) ? Stark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Stochastic Background of Gravitational Waves Generated by Compact Binary Systems
Creators: name: Evangelista, E. F. D.
name: de Araujo, J. C. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Binary Systems are the most studied sources of gravitational waves. The mechanisms of emission and the behavior of the orbital parameters are well known and can be written in analytic form in several cases. Besides, the strongest indication of the existence of gravitational waves has arisen from the observation of binary systems. On the other hand, when the detection of gravitational radiation becomes a reality, one of the observed pattern of the signals will be probably of stochastic background nature, which are characterized by a superposition of signals emitted by many sources around the universe. Our aim here is to develop an alternative method of calculating such backgrounds emitted by cosmological compact binary systems during their periodic or quasiperiodic phases. We use an analogy with a problem of Statistical Mechanics in order to perform this sum as well as taking into account the temporal variation of the orbital parameters of the systems. Such a kind of background is of particular importance since it could well form an important foreground for the planned gravitational wave interferometers DECI-Hertz Interferometer Gravitational wave Observatory (DECIGO), Big Bang Observer (BBO), Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) or Evolved LISA (eLISA), Advanced Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (ALIGO) and Einstein Telescope (ET).
description: 11 pages, 7 figures
Proteome-wide analysis of HIV-specific naive and memory CD4 + T cells in unexposed blood donors
Creators: name: Campion, Suzanne L.
name: McMichael, Andrew J.
name: Goonetilleke, Nilu
name: Korber, Bette T.
name: Rossetti, Astrea
name: Brodie, Tess M.
name: Sallusto, Federica
name: Fischer, William
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Healthy, uninfected individuals harbor HIV-specific naive and memory CD4+ T cells, and many memory T cell epitopes are similar in sequence to peptides expressed by natural commensal bacteria, suggesting potential cross-reactivity.The preexisting HIV-1–specific T cell repertoire must influence both the immunodominance of T cells after infection and immunogenicity of vaccines. We directly compared two methods for measuring the preexisting CD4+ T cell repertoire in healthy HIV-1–negative volunteers, the HLA-peptide tetramer enrichment and T cell library technique, and show high concordance (r = 0.989). Using the library technique, we examined whether naive, central memory, and/or effector memory CD4+ T cells specific for overlapping peptides spanning the entire HIV-1 proteome were detectable in 10 HLA diverse, HIV-1–unexposed, seronegative donors. HIV-1–specific cells were detected in all donors at a mean of 55 cells/million naive cells and 38.9 and 34.1 cells/million in central and effector memory subsets. Remarkably, peptide mapping showed most epitopes recognized by naive (88%) and memory (56%) CD4+ T cells had been previously reported in natural HIV-1 infection. Furthermore, 83% of epitopes identified in preexisting memory subsets shared epitope length matches (8–12 amino acids) with human microbiome proteins, suggestive of a possible cross-reactive mechanism. These results underline the power of a proteome-wide analysis of peptide recognition by human T cells for the identification of dominant antigens and provide a baseline for optimizing HIV-1–specific helper cell responses by vaccination.
LE DÉVELOPPEMENT LARVAIRE D'ABYLOPSIS TETRAGONA OTTO 1823 (SIPHONOPHORE, CALYCOPHORE, ABYLIDAE)
Creators: name: CARRÉ, Claude
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1967

description: The different developmental stages of larval Abylopsis tetragona, previously unknown, are described.
During the differentiation of the larval nectophore, there appears a “medusal nodule” which is typical during medusal budding of hydroids polyps.
In addition, development in this species shows some notable peculiarities :
a)the formation of a temporary larval bract, never reported in representatives of other families of Calycophores;
b)the larval nectophore persists, and becomes the anterior nectophore ofthe adult stage.
These observations form the basis of a brief discussion of the nature and origin of the primary bract in Siphonophores, and of the affinities between the Abylidae and some other calycophoran families.
ÉTUDE COMPARATIVE DE LA PHENOLOXYDASE CHEZ LES INSECTES ET CHEZ LES CRUSTACÉS
Creators: name: DECLEIR, W.
name: VERCAUTEREN, R.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 1967

description: Leucocytes of crustaceans and insects contain an inactive phenoloxidase. A comparative study of this enzyme shows that there are considerable differences in both groups of invertebrates. Hence it follows that the enzyme in crustaceans has not the same signification as in insects. One hypothesis on this subject has been worked out.
Additional file 1 of Designing and evaluating an interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education
Creators: name: Guilding, Clare
name: Hardisty, Jessica
name: Randles, Elsa
name: Statham, Louise
name: Green, Alan
name: Bhudia, Roshni
name: Thandi, Charan Singh
name: Teodorczuk, Andrew
name: Scott, Lesley
name: Matthan, Joanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interprofessional Education Conference Workbook. The Interprofessional Education Conference Workbook, from the 2016 pilot conference evaluated in this study. The cases within the workbooks were given as pre-reading to the students. On registration students were provided with this full workbook, which contains materials and tasks for the day, including blank prescription forms and other relevant documentation.
(1865) John White
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
The linear ubiquitin assembly complex (LUBAC) is essential for NLRP3 inflammasome activation
Creators: name: Iwai, Kazuhiro
name: Kelly, Thomas J.
name: Fujita, Hiroaki
name: Orazio, Nicole
name: Jung, Jae U.
name: Bowman, James W.
name: Liang, Qiming
name: Shi, Mude
name: Amatya, Rina
name: Rodgers, Mary A.
name: Ting, Jenny
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Independent of its known role in NF-κB transcription, the HOIL-1L containing LUBAC is required for assembly and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome via linear ubiquitination of ASC.Linear ubiquitination is a newly discovered posttranslational modification that is currently restricted to a small number of known protein substrates. The linear ubiquitination assembly complex (LUBAC), consisting of HOIL-1L, HOIP, and Sharpin, has been reported to activate NF-κB–mediated transcription in response to receptor signaling by ligating linear ubiquitin chains to Nemo and Rip1. Despite recent advances, the detailed roles of LUBAC in immune cells remain elusive. We demonstrate a novel HOIL-1L function as an essential regulator of the activation of the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome in primary bone marrow–derived macrophages (BMDMs) independently of NF-κB activation. Mechanistically, HOIL-1L is required for assembly of the NLRP3/ASC inflammasome and the linear ubiquitination of ASC, which we identify as a novel LUBAC substrate. Consequently, we find that HOIL-1L−/− mice have reduced IL-1β secretion in response to in vivo NLRP3 stimulation and survive lethal challenge with LPS. Together, these data demonstrate that linear ubiquitination is required for NLRP3 inflammasome activation, defining the molecular events of NLRP3 inflammasome activation and expanding the role of LUBAC as an innate immune regulator. Furthermore, our observation is clinically relevant because patients lacking HOIL-1L expression suffer from pyogenic bacterial immunodeficiency, providing a potential new therapeutic target for enhancing inflammation in immunodeficient patients.
ERASMUS DARWIN. Of Drunkenness. Erasmus Darwin on the Physiology of Alcohol.
Creators: name: Jellinek, E. M. (Elvin Morton)
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 1942

description: An article published in the Quarterly Journal of Studies on Alcohol and in the volume entitled Classics of the Alcohol Literature, the primary source of many seminal articles related to Alcohol Studies.
Do pingers reduce interactions between bottlenose dolphins and trammel nets around the Kerkennah Islands (Central Mediterranean Sea) ?
Creators: name: AYADI, Amani
name: GHORBEL, Mohamed
name: BRADAI, Mohamed Nejmeddine
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: Bottlenose dolphins, Tursiops truncatus, co-exist with artisanal fisheries in Kerkennah Island (Southern part of Tunisia) and are blamed for damage to some fisheries. The resulting catch loss engenders hostility from fishers, and interactions between dolphins and nets can result in bycatch mortality. One potential mitigation measure is the placement of marine mammal acoustic deterrent devices, or pingers, on the nets. With the support of local fishermen, Aquamark 210 pingers were deployed on trammel net set for cuttlefish (Sepia officinalis) during the spring season (March 2010 to May 2010), when there is more interaction with dolphin. Throughout the period of experimentation, we have used trammel nets equipped with pingers (pinger net) and trammel nets that have played the role of control (control net). During the trial, data on fishing operations were recorded by onboard observers. We analysed two response variables, the presence or absence of evidence that dolphins had interacted with the net and catch per unit effort. The pingers attracted the bottlenose dolphins (T. truncatus) to trammels nets. Overall, pinger nets were more attacked than control nets. Tested pingers also appeared to have affected on fishery target species. The catch per unit effort decreased by 22%. Our results suggest that Aquamark 210 pingers in the artisanal fisheries of Kerkennah islands increase the rate of net interaction, but it was recommended to investigate how bottlenose dolphin (T. truncatus) may interact with other acoustic devices.
Impact of cosmological satellites on the vertical heating of the Milky Way disc
Creators: name: Moetazedian, R.
name: Just, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a high resolution study of the impact of realistic satellite galaxies, extracted from cosmological simulations of Milky Way haloes including 6 Aquarius suites and Via Lactea \rom{2}, on the dynamics of the galactic disc. The initial conditions for the multi-component Milky Way galaxy were generated using the GalIC code, to ensure a system in dynamical equilibrium state prior to addition of satellites. Candidate subhaloes that came closer than 25\,kpc to the centre of the host DM haloes with initial mass enclosed within the tidal radius, $M_\textrm{tid}$ $\ge$ 10$^{8} M_{\odot}$\,=\,0.003 $M_\textrm{disc}$, were identified, inserted into our high resolution N-body simulations and evolved for 2 Gyr. We quantified the vertical heating due to such impacts by measuring the disc thickness and squared vertical velocity dispersion $σ_{z}^{2}$ across the disc. According to our analysis the strength of heating is strongly dependent on the high mass end of the subhalo distribution from cosmological simulations. The mean increase of the vertical dispersion is $\sim$ 20\,km$^{2}$\,s$^{-2}$\,Gyr$^{-1}$ for R $>$ 4\,kpc with a flat radial profile while, excluding Aq-F2 results, the mean heating is $
description: 21 pages, 22 figures, 4 tables
(1866) William White
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
title: La confiance et le sens dans les recherches-interventions : perspectives historico-culturelles
Creators: name: Labelle, Alexandre
name: Cavard, Caroline-Marie
Publisher: name: La revue LEeE
Year: 2022
Subjects: confiance
sens
recherche-intervention

description: Nous réfléchissons au rôle central de la confiance dans le processus de déploiement de la R-I (recherche-intervention). Nous envisageons la confiance comme un facteur décisif de performance institutionnelle (Thiébault, 2003), dont le rôle est particulièrement mobilisé en période de changement, que la RI se propose d’accompagner contractuellement (Marcel & Bedin, 2018). À partir d’une comparaison entre deux sphères socioculturelles, la France et l’Amérique du Nord, nous mettons en exergue l’importance de situer, et d’évaluer la confiance en tant que processus et paramètre fondateur de toute recherche participative. À titre d’exemples illustratifs, nous mobilisons les travaux développés au sein de l’UMR-EFTS.
(1868) Thomas White
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
High efficiency gene transfer to airways of mice using influenza hemagglutinin pseudotyped lentiviral vectors: HA pseudotyping of lentiviral vectors
Creators: name: Giddings, Angela M.
name: Patel, Manij
name: Olsen, John C.
name: Sechelski, John
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A limitation to efficient lentivirus-mediated airway gene transfer is the lack of receptors to commonly used viral envelopes on the luminal surface of airway epithelia. The use of viral envelopes with natural tropism to the airway could be useful for overcoming this limitation.
Anion-sensitive sodium conductance in the apical membrane of toad urinary bladder
Creators: name: Narvarte, Javier
name: Finn, Arthur L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Membrane potentials and the electrical resistance of the cell membranes and the shunt pathway of toad urinary bladder epithelium were measured using microelectrode techniques. These measurements were used to compute the equivalent electromotive forces (EMF) at both cell borders before and after reductions in mucosal Cl- concentration ([Cl]m). The effects of reduction in [Cl]m depended on the anionic substitute. Gluconate or sulfate substitutions increased transepithelial resistance, depolarized membrane potentials and EMF at both cell borders, and decreased cell conductance. Iodide substitutions had opposite effects. Gluconate or sulfate substitutions decreased apical Na conductance, where iodide replacements increased it. When gluconate or sulfate substitutions were brought about the presence of amiloride in the mucosal solution, apical membrane potential and EMF hyperpolarized with no significant changes in basolateral membrane potential or EMF. It is concluded that: (a) apical Na conductance depends, in part, on the anionic composition of the mucosal solution, (b) there is a Cl- conductance in the apical membrane, and (c) the electrical communication between apical and basolateral membranes previously described is mediated by changes in the size of the cell Na pool, most likely by a change in sodium activity.
Microelectrode studies in toad urinary bladder epithelium. effects of Na concentration changes in the mucosal solution on equivalent electromotive forces
Creators: name: Finn, Arthur L.
name: Narvarte, Javier
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1980

description: Microelectrode techniques were employed to measure membrane potentials, the electrical resistance of the cell membranes, and the shunt pathway, and to compute the equivalent electromotive forces (EMF) at both cell borders in toad urinary bladder epithelium before and after reductions in mucosal sodium concentration. Basal electrical parameters were not significantly different from those obtained with impalements from the serosal side, indicating that mucosal impalements do not produce significant leaks in the apical membrane. A decrease in mucosal Na concentration caused the cellular resistance to increase and both apical and basolateral EMF to depolarize. When Na was reduced from 112 to 2.4 mM in bladders with spontaneously different baseline values of transepithelial potential difference (Vms), a direct relationship was found between the change in Vms brought about by the Na reduction and the base-line Vms before the change. A direct relationship was also found by plotting the change in EMF at the apical or basolateral border caused by a mucosal Na reduction with the corresponding base-line EMF before the change. These results indicate that resting apical membrane EMF (and, therefore, resting apical membrane potential) is determined by the Na selectivity of the apical membrane, whereas basolateral EMF is at least in part the result of rheogenic Na transport. These results are consistent with data of others that suggested a link between the activity of the basolateral Na pump and apical Na conductance.
Heterogeneity among dog red blood cells
Creators: name: Parker, John C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1981

description: A phthalate density-separation technique has been used to study the heterogeneity of dog red blood cells that becomes manifest when they are suspended in KCl media. It is demonstrated that the proportions of cells that separate into light and dense fractions can be varied by altering the tonicity of the KCl medium. This results from the fact that the Na and K permeabilities of each cell are continuous functions of cell volume. It was found that quinidine inhibits selectively the volume dependence of Na permeability. In the presence of this drug, the heterogeneity demonstrated by KCl incubation disappears. The notion that dog red blood cells are heterogeneous in their permeabilities to Na and K is thus upheld, but the heterogeneity is not an abruptly discontinuous one, as has been claimed. A sample of dog blood does not contain two discrete populations of red cells.
(1862) Ralph Stark
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Sodium transport effects on the basolateral membrane in toad urinary bladder
Creators: name: William Davis, C.
name: Finn, Arthur L.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1982

description: In toad urinary bladder epithelium, inhibition of Na transport with amiloride causes a decrease in the apical (Vmc) and basolateral (Vcs) membrane potentials. In addition to increasing apical membrane resistance (Ra), amiloride also causes an increase in basolateral membrane resistance (Rb), with a time course such that Ra/Rb does not change for 1-2 min. At longer times after amiloride (3-4 min), Ra/Rb rises from its control values to its amiloride steady state values through a secondary decrease in Rb. Analysis of an equivalent electrical circuit of the epithelium shows that the depolarization of Vcs is due to a decrease in basolateral electromotive force (Vb). To see of the changes in Vcs and Rb are correlated with a decrease in Na transport, external current (Ie) was used to clamp Vmc to zero, and the effects of amiloride on the portion of Ie that takes the transcellular pathway were determined. In these studies, Vcs also depolarized, which suggests that the decrease in Vb was due to a decrease in the current output of a rheogenic Na pump. Thus, the basolateral membrane does not behave like an ohmic resistor. In contrast, when transport is inhibited during basolateral membrane voltage clamping, the apical membrane voltage changes are those predicted for a simple, passive (i.e., ohmic) element.
Additional file 2 of Designing and evaluating an interprofessional education conference approach to antimicrobial education
Creators: name: Guilding, Clare
name: Hardisty, Jessica
name: Randles, Elsa
name: Statham, Louise
name: Green, Alan
name: Bhudia, Roshni
name: Thandi, Charan Singh
name: Teodorczuk, Andrew
name: Scott, Lesley
name: Matthan, Joanna
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 2. Facilitators and barriers to learning in each workshop. Thematic analysis of student free text responses to questions about facilitators and barriers to learning in each workshop. The table shows broad themes that arose from the data analysis, details about what each theme encompasses, and the number of responses within each theme by medical and pharmacy students. Abbreviations: MCQs, Multiple Choice Questions.
Interaction of internal anions with potassium channels of the squid giant axon
Creators: name: Adams, D. J.
name: Oxford, G. S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1983

description: The interaction of internal anions with the delayed rectifier potassium channel was studied in perfused squid axons. Changing the internal potassium salt from K+ glutamate- to KF produced a reversible decline of outward K currents and a marked slowing of the activation of K channels at all voltages. Fluoride ions exert a differential effect upon K channel gating kinetics whereby activation of IK during depolarizing steps is slowed dramatically, but the rate of closing after the step is not much altered. These effects develop with a slow time course (30-60 min) and are specific for K channels over Na channels. Both the amplitude and activation rate of IK were restored within seconds upon return to internal glutamate solutions. The fluoride effect is independent of the external K+ concentration and test membrane potential, and does not recover with repetitive application of depolarizing voltage steps. Of 11 different anions tested, all inorganic species induced similar decreases and slowing of IK, while K currents were maintained during extended perfusion with several organic anions. Anions do not alter the reversal potential or shape of the instantaneous current-voltage relation of open K channels. The effect of prolonged exposure to internal fluoride could be partially reversed by the addition of cationic K channel blocking agents such as TEA+, 4-AP+, and Cs+. The competitive antagonism between inorganic anions and internal cationic K channel blockers suggests that they may interact at a related site(s). These results indicate that inorganic anions modify part of the K channel gating mechanism (activation) at a locus near the inner channel surface.
Glutaraldehyde fixation of sodium transport in dog red blood cells
Creators: name: Parker, John C.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1984

description: The large increase in passive Na flux that occurs when dog red blood cells are caused to shrink is amiloride sensitive and inhibited when Cl is replaced by nitrate or thiocyanate. Activation and deactivation of this transport pathway by manipulation of cell volume is reversible. Brief treatment of the cells with 0.01-0.03% glutaraldehyde can cause the shrinkage-activated transporter to become irreversibly activated or inactivated, depending on the volume of the cells at the time of glutaraldehyde exposure. Thus, if glutaraldehyde is applied when the cells are shrunken, the amiloride-sensitive Na transporter is activated and remains so regardless of subsequent alterations in cell volume. If the fixative is applied to swollen cells, no amount of subsequent shrinkage will turn on the Na pathway. In its fixed state, the activated transporter is fully amiloride sensitive, but it is no longer inhibited when Cl is replaced by thiocyanate. The action of glutaraldehyde thus allows one to dissect the response to cell shrinkage into two phases. Activation of the pathway is affected by anions and is not prevented by amiloride. Once activated and fixed, the anion requirement disappears. Amiloride inhibits movement of Na through the activated transporter. These experiments demonstrate how a chemical cross-linking agent may be used to study the functional properties of a regulable transport pathway.
Description of Genesis vulcanoctopusi gen. et sp. nov. (Copepoda: Tisbidae) parasitic on a hydrothermal vent octopod and a reinterpretation of the life cycle of cholidyinid harpacticoids
Creators: name: LÓPEZ-GONZÁLEZ, Pablo J.
name: BRESCIANI, José
name: HUYS, Rony
name: GONZÁLEZ, Angel F.
name: GUERRA, Angel
name: PASCUAL, Santiago
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2000

description: Juveniles and adult females of Genesis vulcanoctopusi gen. et sp. nov. (Copepoda: Harpacticoida) are described
 from the deepwater octopus Vulcanoctopus hydrothermalis, collected from a hydrothermal vent in the East Pacific Rise. The
 new genus is placed in the Tisbidae and is readily distinguishable from other Cholidyinae by the combination of body shape,
 structure of oral appendages and segmentation of legs 1-5. All stages were found embedded in the integument of the head
 and mantle of the cephalopod host, suggesting an endoparasitic copepodid phase. The generalized life cycle of cholidyinid
 harpacticoids is reinterpreted in the light of this discovery. Aspects of parasitism and pathological effects of G.
 vulcanoctopusi on the octopod host are discussed.
A new Echinoderes (Kinorhyncha: Cyclorhagida) from a submarine cave in New South Wales, Australia.
Creators: name: SØRENSEN, Martin V.
name: JØRGENSEN, Aslak
name: BOESGAARD, Tom M.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2000

description: The cyclorhagid kinorhynch Echinoderes cavernus sp. nov. is described from a submarine cave in New South
 Wales, Australia. This finding represents the first kinorhynch, which probably lives in caves, exclusively. The usual sexual
 dimorphism in Echinoderes is absent in the new species, i.e. lateral terminal accessory spines are present in both sexes.
 Further sexually peculiar characters in E. cavernus sp. nov. are genital setae on the arthrocorium between segments 12 and
 13 in both sexes, and the presence of only two penile spines in the males. The new species has interstitial placids and blunt
 (short and broad) lateral terminal spines. The blunt lateral terminal spines are proposed to be an autapomorphic character for
 a monophyletic clade consisting of Echinoderes abbreviatus, E. brevicaudatus and E. cavernus sp. nov. which all inhabit
 coarse coralligenous sand.
Marine water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia: Pontarachnidae) from the Brunei Bay, with a description of one new species
Creators: name: PEŠIĆ, Vladimir
name: CHATTERJEE, Tapas
name: MARSHALL, David J.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2013

description: New records of water mites (Acari: Hydrachnidia) from the Brunei Bay, Brunei Darussalam are presented. Litarachna minuta is described as new to science; Litarachna bartschae Smit, 2003, previously known only from Western Australia is reported for the first time from Brunei Darussalam.
Six closely related species of the Copidognathus gibbus group (Acarina: Halacaridae) from north-eastern Australia
Creators: name: OTTO, Jürgen C.
Publisher: name: Station Biologique de Roscoff (SBR)
Year: 2000

description: During a survey of the halacarid fauna of the Great Barrier Reef and reefs of the Coral Sea 70 species of
 Copidognathus were collected, among them 31 species of the gibbus group. Five new and closely related species in this
 group, namely C. aenigmatus sp. nov., C. asketus sp. nov., C. seductus sp. nov., C. squarrosus sp. nov. and C. thompsoni sp.
 nov., are described. C. canaliculifer is also recorded from the Great Barrier Reef. The holotype and paratype of this species
 are found to differ and the consequences of this observation are discussed. C. canaliculifer plus the five new and three
 previously described species are found to form an easily recognizable group that is characterized by wide and densely
 punctate idiosomal plates and a series of arched dorsolateral striae.
Additional file 2 of Integrated time-serial transcriptome networks reveal common innate and tissue-specific adaptive immune responses to PRRSV infection
Creators: name: Byeonghwi Lim
name: Sangwook Kim
name: Kyu-Sang Lim
name: Chang-Gi Jeong
name: Seung-Chai Kim
name: Sang-Myeong Lee
name: Choi-Kyu Park
name: Pas, Marinus F. W. Te
name: Haesu Gho
name: Kim, Tae-Hun
name: Kyung-Tai Lee
name: Kim, Won-Il
name: Kim, Jun-Mo
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Additional file 2. GO treemaps were created based on P values for biological process terms specific to the BLN at each time point: (A) 10 dpi, (B) 21 dpi, (C) 28 dpi, and (D) 35 dpi.
Modulation of calcium channels by norepinephrine in internally dialyzed avian sensory neurons
Creators: name: Forscher, Paul
name: Oxford, Gerry S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: Modulation of voltage-dependent Ca channels by norepinephrine (NE) was studied in chick dorsal root ganglion cells using the whole-cell configuration of the patch-clamp technique. Cells dialyzed with K+ and 2-10 mM EGTA exhibited Ca action potentials that were reversibly decreased in duration and amplitude by NE. Ca channel currents were isolated from other channel contributions by using: (a) tetrodotoxin (TTX) to block gNa, (b) internal K channel impermeant ions (Cs or Na/N- methylglucamine mixtures) as K substitutes, (c) external tetraethylammonium (TEA) to block K channels, (d) internal EGTA to reduce possible current contribution from Ca-activated channels. A marked decline (rundown) of Ca conductance was observed during continual dialysis, which obscured reversible NE effects. The addition of 2-5 mM MgATP to the intracellular solutions greatly retarded Ca channel rundown and permitted a clear assessment of modulatory drug effects. The inclusion of an intracellular creatine phosphate/creatine phosphokinase nucleotide regeneration system further stabilized Ca channels, which permitted recording of Ca currents for up to 3 h. NE reversibly decreased both steady state Ca currents and Ca tail currents in Cs/EGTA/MgATP-dialyzed cells. A possible role of several putative intracellular second messengers in NE receptor-Ca channel coupling was investigated. Cyclic AMP or cyclic GMP added to the intracellular solutions at concentrations several orders of magnitude higher than the Kd for activation of cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinases did not block or mask the expression of the NE-mediated decrease in gCa. Addition of internal EGTA to a final concentration of 10 mM also did not affect the expression of the NE response. These results suggest that neither cyclic AMP nor cyclic GMP nor Ca is acting as a second messenger coupling the NE receptor to the down-modulated Ca channel population.
Additional file 1 of Response strategies for COVID-19 epidemics in African settings: a mathematical modelling study
Creators: name: Zandvoort, Kevin Van
name: Jarvis, Christopher I.
name: Pearson, Carl A. B.
name: Davies, Nicholas G.
name: Ruwan Ratnayake
name: Russell, Timothy W.
name: Kucharski, Adam J.
name: Jit, Mark
name: Flasche, Stefan
name: Eggo, Rosalind M.
name: Checchi, Francesco
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1.
N-bromoacetamide removes a calcium-dependent component of channel opening from calcium-activated potassium channels in rat skeletal muscle
Creators: name: Pallotta, Barry S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1985

description: Calcium-activated potassium channels from cultured rat skeletal muscle were treated with the protein-modifying reagent N-bromoacetamide (NBA) (0.3-1 mM) and studied in excised patches using patch-clamp techniques. After NBA treatment, channels opened only occasionally, and, in contrast to untreated channels, the open probability was no longer sensitive to intracellular surface calcium ions (1 nM to 100 microM). Channel activity did, however, exhibit a voltage dependence similar in direction and magnitude to that shown before NBA treatment (increasing e-fold with 19 mV depolarization). Distributions of open channel lifetimes revealed that NBA treatment virtually abolished openings of long duration, which suggests that this class of openings requires calcium sensitivity. These effects were not reversed by subsequent washing. Quantitatively similar open probability, voltage dependence, and open-interval distributions were observed in untreated channels in calcium-free medium. These results suggest that NBA removed a calcium- dependent component of channel opening, and that normal channels are able to open in the absence of significant intracellular calcium concentrations.