cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Design of porthole aluminium extrusion dies through mathematical formulation
Creators: name: Llorca-Schenk, Juan
name: Sentana-Gadea, Irene
name: Sanchez-Lozano, Miguel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A mathematical approach to solve the porthole die design problem is achieved by statistical analysis of a large amount of geometric data of successful porthole die designs. Linear and logarithmic regression are used to analyse geometrical data of 596 different ports from 88 first trial dies. Non-significant variables or high correlated variables are discarded according to knowledge of the extrusion process and statistical criteria. This paper focuses on a validation model for a typical case of porthole dies: four cavities and four ports per cavity dies. This mathematical formulation is a way of summarizing in a single expression the experience accumulated in a large number of designs over time. A broad way of research is open to generalise this model or extend it to other types of porthole dies.
Can you always reap what you sow? Network and functional data analysis of VC investments in health-tech companies
Creators: name: Esposito, Christian
name: Gortan, Marco
name: Testa, Lorenzo
name: Chiaromonte, Francesca
name: Fagiolo, Giorgio
name: Mina, Andrea
name: Rossetti, Giulio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: "Success" of firms in venture capital markets is hard to define, and its determinants are still poorly understood. We build a bipartite network of investors and firms in the healthcare sector, describing its structure and its communities. Then, we characterize "success" introducing progressively more refined definitions, and we find a positive association between such definitions and the centrality of a company. In particular, we are able to cluster funding trajectories of firms into two groups capturing different "success" regimes and to link the probability of belonging to one or the other to their network features (in particular their centrality and the one of their investors). We further investigate this positive association by introducing scalar as well as functional "success" outcomes, confirming our findings and their robustness.
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Complex Networks and Their Applications
Lunar-like silicate material forms the Earth quasisatellite (469219) 2016 HO3 Kamo`oalewa
Creators: name: Sharkey, Benjamin N. L.
name: Reddy, Vishnu
name: Malhotra, Renu
name: Thirouin, Audrey
name: Kuhn, Olga
name: Conrad, Albert
name: Rothberg, Barry
name: Sanchez, Juan A.
name: Thompson, David
name: Veillet, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Little is known about Earth quasi-satellites, a class of near-Earth small solar system bodies that orbit the sun but remain close to the Earth, because they are faint and difficult to observe. Here we use the Large Binocular Telescope (LBT) and the Lowell Discovery Telescope (LDT) to conduct a comprehensive physical characterization of quasi-satellite (469219) Kamo`oalewa and assess its affinity with other groups of near-Earth objects. We find that (469219) Kamo`oalewa rotates with a period of 28.3 (+1.8/-1.3) minutes and displays a reddened reflectance spectrum from 0.4-2.2 microns. This spectrum is indicative of a silicate-based composition, but with reddening beyond what is typically seen amongst asteroids in the inner solar system. We compare the spectrum to those of several material analogs and conclude that the best match is with lunar-like silicates. This interpretation implies extensive space weathering and raises the prospect that Kamo`oalewa could comprise lunar material.
description: Published in Nature Communications Earth and Environment
title: Análisis radiológico de las lesiones de la superficie mamaria.
Creators: name: Meseguer Ripollés, Mª Angeles
Publisher: name: Sociedad Española de Radiología Médica
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Breast

description: Objetivo docente
Revisión del tema
Conclusiones
Bibliografía
description: Objetivo docente:
Conocer las diferentes lesiones cutáneas de la mama,
su presentación en las técnicas de imagen (mamografía,
ecografía y resonancia magnética) así como clasificarlas en benignas y malignas y analizar los patrones de afectación de la...
title: Using Photographic Activity Schedules to Facilitate Independent Completion of Academic Tasks for Young Children with Autism
Creators: name: Taylor, Nicole
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: Some children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) struggle to perform a series of academic tasks, like academic worksheets, independently. Photographic activity schedules are one technique that has been demonstrated to promote independent behavior in individuals with ASD. This study used a multiple baseline design across participants to examine how activity schedules impacted the accurate and independent completion of a series of academic tasks (i.e., worksheets) for young children with ASD. Participants included three young children with ASD 6 and 7 years old who performed a series of academic tasks in the presence of an adult, but struggled to display those concepts accurately in the absence of an adult. Procedures involved training participants to use activity schedules through graduated guidance until participants used activity schedules to accurately complete three academic tasks without additional assistance. Completing these worksheets using schedules not only improved student accuracy but also provided more opportunities for students to learn in an environment with their typically developing peers.
title: Modeling Forest Dynamics at the Landscape Scale: Integrating a Computer Simulation Model and Geographic Information System
Creators: name: Betz, David W.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1994

description: This research demonstrates the ability to integrate a computer simulation model with a geographic information system (GIS) to predict forest community dynamics in both the spatial and temporal dimensions. A landscape scale computer simulation model, LANDSIM, was coupled with the Arc/Info GIS to simulate the interaction of forest fires and forest succession at Bryce Canyon National Park, Utah, and to produce maps of the predicted community types. The sensitivity of the model was tested with respect to the fire return interval, maximum neighbor spread, and the effect of slope upon the spread of simulated fires. The model predicts that each fire return interval will result in an unique distribution of community types upon the landscape. The model's results are discussed in terms of their implications for management alternatives at Bryce Canyon National Park.
MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY AND PHENOLOGY REVEAL A NEW FUNGISTIC RECORD OF PSEUDOOMPHALINA KHANSPURENSIS (AGARICALES, TRICHOLOMATACEAE) FROM PAKISTAN
Creators: name: ALEENA IQBAL
name: SAMINA SARWAR
name: IRMGARD KRISAI-GREILHUBER
name: TALHA SAJAD
name: MUHAMMAD FIAZ
name: MUHAMMAD HANIF
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: ITS Regions, LSU Region, SEM, Morphology, Taxonomy.

description: Abstract

The District Mansehra, situated in the Hazara division of Pakistan's Province Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is characterized by moist temperate conditions and is one of the regions with a high macrofungal diversity. The genus Pseudoomphalina is rare in Pakistan with P. khanspurensis as the only species known. We present a second record of P. khanspurensis described in detail and illustrated based on basidiomata collected during a mycological field trip across various forests in District Mansehra, Pakistan. The study uses an integrative approach with morphology, scanning electron microscopy, and maximum likelihood phylogeny of nrITS and LSU sequence data. Molecular genetic analyses revealed the sample as P. khanspurensis. We consider some minor phenotypic differences, when compared to the previously reported P. khanspurensis specimens, to lie within the species range, further completing the knowledge about its morphological variation.
Synthesis and structural characterization of 2Dioxane.2H2O.CuCl2: metal-organic compound with Heisenberg antiferromagnetic S=1/2 chains
Creators: name: Hong, Tao
name: Custelcean, R.
name: Sales, B. C.
name: Roessli, B.
name: Singh, D. K.
name: Zheludev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel organometallic compound 2Dioxane.CuCl2.2H2O has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. Magnetic susceptibility and zero-field inelastic neutron scattering have also been used to study its magnetic properties. It turns out that this material is a weakly coupled one-dimensional S=1/2 Heisenberg antiferromagnetic chain system with chain direction along the crystallographic c axis and the nearest-neighbor intra-chain exchange constant J=0.85(4) meV. The next-nearest-neighbor inter-chain exchange constant J' is also estimated to be 0.05 meV. The observed magnetic excitation spectrum from inelastic neutron scattering is in excellent agreement with numerical calculations based on the Muller ansatz.
description: 4 pages; 5 figures
Organic fertilization of peach trees: implication on nitrogen availability, root growth and carbon distribution within plant
Creators: name: Bravo, Katherine <1983>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2011
Subjects: AGR/03 Arboricoltura generale e coltivazioni arboree

description: In the last years, sustainable horticulture has been increasing; however, to be successful this practice needs an efficient soil fertility management to maintain a high productivity and fruit quality standards. For this purpose composted organic materials from agri-food industry and municipal solid waste has been used as a source to replace chemical fertilizers and increase soil organic matter. To better understand the influence of compost application on soil fertility and plant growth, we carried out a study comparing organic and mineral nitrogen (N) fertilization in micro propagated plants, potted trees and commercial peach orchard with these aims: 1. evaluation of tree development, CO2 fixation and carbon partition to the different organs of two-years-old potted peach trees. 2. Determination of soil N concentration and nitrate-N effect on plant growth and root oxidative stress of micro propagated plant after increasing rates of N applications. 3. Assessment of soil chemical and biological fertility, tree growth and yield and fruit quality in a commercial orchard. The addition of compost at high rate was effective in increasing CO2 fixation, promoting root growth, shoot and fruit biomass. Furthermore, organic fertilizers influenced C partitioning, favoring C accumulation in roots, wood and fruits. The higher CO2 fixation was the result of a larger tree leaf area, rather than an increase in leaf photosynthetic efficiency, showing a stimulation of plant growth by application of compost. High concentrations of compost increased total soil N concentration, but were not effective in increasing nitrate-N soil concentration; in contrast mineral-N applications increased linearly soil nitrate-N, even at the lowest rate tested. Soil nitrate-N concentration influenced positively plant growth at low rate (60- 80 mg kg-1), whereas at high concentrations showed negative effects. In this trial, the decrease of root growth, as a response to excessive nitrate-N soil concentration, was not anticipated by root oxidative stress. Continuous annual applications of compost for 10 years enhanced soil organic matter content and total soil N concentration. Additionally, high rate of compost application (10 t ha-1 year-1) enhanced microbial biomass. On the other hand, different fertilizers management did not modify tree yield, but influenced fruit size and precocity index. The present data support the idea that organic fertilizers can be used successfully as a substitute of mineral fertilizers in fruit tree nutrient management, since they promote an increase of soil chemical and biological fertility, prevent excessive nitrate-N soil concentration, promote plant growth and potentially C sequestration into the soil.
TOURISM, VILLAGE SPACE AND THE REAPPROPRIATION OF RURAL: TOWARDS A NEW SOCIAL ORGANISATION OF THE COUNTRYSIDEi
Creators: name: Sotiropoulou, Eleni-Christina
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: Modern countryside is increasingly becoming a place ‘utilised’ by city dwellers, a phenomenon particularly observable in Greece, where distances are relatively small and relations between villages and cities remain strong. The case of two Greek villages, where tourism has played a leading part in their social and economic recovery, will help us understand, through a conflict analysis, the way in which different expectations and aspirations expressed by various groups of local actors, concerning the use of rural space, determine the development and social organisation of rural areas.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
title: Effectiveness of Carbaryl and Pyrethroid Insecticides for Protection of Engelmann Spruce from Attack by Spruce Beetle (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)
Creators: name: Johnson, Karen J.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1996

description: A field experiment tested the effectiveness of carbaryl and two pyrethroid insecticides, cyfluthrin and esfenvalerate, in protecting high-value Engelmann spruce trees from attack by Dendroctonus rufipennis Kirby. Carbaryl suspension at the 2% registered rate and a reduced rate of 1 % were both effective in protecting Engelmann spruce from attack by D. rufipennis through two pheromone baiting periods and 24 months following insecticide application . Cyfluthrin at 0.025% rate and esfenvalerate at 0.025 and 0.05% rates provided effective protection through one pheromone baiting and 12 months following insecticide application. Only cyfluthrin at 0.008% rate was judged ineffective protection 12 months following insecticide application.
A laboratory evaluation utilizing a 32-h bioassay on D. rufipennis adults determined all three insecticides were toxic by contact. Carbaryl and piperonyl butoxide bioassays testing synergism were inconclusive. The methodology presented provides a means for forest land managers to quantify insecticide toxicity and monitor for resistance development.
title: A Geographic Information System Assessment Method for Fire Management: Identifying Fire Danger Areas
Creators: name: Stratton, Richard D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1998

description: In partnership with the USDA Forest Service and the Utah Division of Forestry, Fire, and State Lands, a geographic information system (GIS) was used to create a wildland fire assessment methodology. GIS layers (or themes) include topography, infrastructure, vegetation, climate, "sensitive" natural values, and fire history. Two phases of assessment are presented: a preliminary analysis designed for planning use at the landscape level, and a detailed analysis for site-specific use.
Results of the phase 1 assessment are density grids delineating areas of high fire occurrence and suggesting to managers where a phase 2 assessment is needed. By using the environmental, human, and topographic information listed earlier, probability maps of wildland fire occurrence were developed with a GIS and multiple logistic regression. In both cases, high fire danger areas can be overlaid with protection areas (natural or human-made value areas) to identify critical fire danger areas.
Because GIS is commonly used in land management, it facilitates the sharing and updating of geographic information between resource professionals of different agencies and organizations. Local officials will be able to use GIS spatial and tabular data for planning, zoning, and fire ordinance development. Land management specialists can locate, prioritize, and target high and critical fire danger areas for presuppression mitigation efforts such as prescribed fires, defensible-space projects, and fire-break construction (e.g., greenbelts, parkways).
Furthermore, GIS assessment layers can be manipulated and exported to create the required raster GIS data themes for FARSITE (a fire growth simulator). Fire managers will be able to spatially predict fire spread, intensity, and behavior under complex topographic and climatic conditions. This method, combined with the expertise of fire specialists, offers an improved and cost-effective assessment technique for wildland fire management.
ASSESSMENT OF MORPHO-PHYSIOLOGICAL TRAITS IN GUAVA GENOTYPES UNDER SALINITY STRESS
Creators: name: KHALID HUSSAIN
name: RASHAD WASEEM KHAN QADRI
name: MUHAMMAD JAFAR JASKANI
name: IMRAN KHAN
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Climate Change, Guava Genotypes, Salinization, Tolerance Potential, Physiology.

description: Abstract

Climate change is leading to soil salinization, which is producing significant reductions in crop yields worldwide. Salinity stress negatively affects the plant growth through various mechanisms. The presence of salinity is a significant challenge to crop cultivation. Hence, it is essential to introduce salt-tolerant genotypes to alleviate the drastic impacts of salinity stress. The present study evaluated the tolerance potential of different guava genotypes to different levels of salt concentrations (0, 8, 12, 16 dS m-1) by examining various traits related to growth, biomass, and physiology. One and half year-old guava plants of twelve different genotypes were grown in plastic pots using soil medium in a screenhouse. The experiment was conducted using a completely randomized design, with three replications. Salinity stress hinderd the growth of guava genotypes, and the degree of inhibition increased with higher salt concentrations. Additionally, the physiological parameters like photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate decreased as the salt concentration increased. The guava genotype “Sadabahar Sufaid Gola” and “Apple Guava” presented good results in terms of growth and physiological parameters under the highest salinity level 16 dS m-1 while the genotypes “Surahi” and “Sufaida” depicted highest reduction in these parameters. These results highlighted the physiological basis and could be promising for the commercial development of salt-tolerant guava genotypes.
THE EFFECTS ON ENVIRONMENTAL INVESTMENT OF CHANGES IN TOURISM DEMAND
Creators: name: Accinelli, Elvio
name: Brida, Juan Gabriel
name: Carrera, Edgar
name: Pereyra, Juan
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: In this short paper we analyze the impact of tourist demand in hotel rooms on the investment of hotels on environmental quality. We show that when income of the tourists increases, then to maintain the demand for rooms, the hotels must increase the investment on the environmental quality of the region where there is an increment of the tourist activity. In the particular case where we have three different hotel chains located in three different tourist regions, we show that the incentive of hotel chains to invest in environmental quality depends on the demand for days of rest on the part of tourists and on the level of aggregate income. We also show that if total income increase, then the incentive to invest in environmental quality increases in the region where the price of a hotel room is lower.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
Infinite time decidable equivalence relation theory
Creators: name: Coskey, Samuel
name: Hamkins, Joel David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03D30, 03D65, 03E15

description: We introduce an analog of the theory of Borel equivalence relations in which we study equivalence relations that are decidable by an infinite time Turing machine. The Borel reductions are replaced by the more general class of infinite time computable functions. Many basic aspects of the classical theory remain intact, with the added bonus that it becomes sensible to study some special equivalence relations whose complexity is beyond Borel or even analytic. We also introduce an infinite time generalization of the countable Borel equivalence relations, a key subclass of the Borel equivalence relations, and again show that several key properties carry over to the larger class. Lastly, we collect together several results from the literature regarding Borel reducibility which apply also to absolutely Delta_1^2 reductions, and hence to the infinite time computable reductions.
description: 30 pages, 3 figures
title: Fire Frequency and the Vegetal Mosaic of the Utah State University Experimental Forest
Creators: name: Wadleigh-Anhold, Linda L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1988

description: A fire history study conducted for the Utah State University (USU) Experimental Forest using three distinct periods of fire frequency, historic (1700-1855), settlement (1856-1909), and suppression (1910-present), showed a decreased mean fire interval (MFI) during the settlement period and a greatly increased MFI during the suppression era. The difference was attributed to the influx of ignition sources during the settlement of the nearby Cache Valley, located 40 kilometers to the west. The interaction of settlers with the resource during logging and livestock grazing activities encouraged the high MFI and created the vegetal mosaic now observed on the study area.
The elevation of the study area, 2377 m to 2651 m, places the site in the Engelmann spruce-subalpine fir zone (Picea engelmannii, Parry ex Engelm.-Abies lasiocarpa (Engelm. ex. Wats)). The suppression era and its corresponding increase in MFI has permitted the advancement of tolerant species in the understory of the intoleran lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta var. latifolia (Engelm. ex. Wats)) and aspen (Populus tremuloides Michx.). Continue suppression of disturbance from wildfire will allow the lodgepole pine cover type, which experienced the lowest MFI during the settlement period, to be further invaded by tolerant species, leading to a decrease in stand diversity and more intense fires when they do occur.
BAFFLING INCONSISTENCIES BETWEEN WORK ENGAGEMENT AND JOB BURNOUT: THE POTENTIAL MEDIATION OF ORGANIZATION ENGAGEMENT - INSIGHTS FROM A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW
Creators: name: Shalika Rakesh
name: (Dr.) Tanushree Sharma
name: (Dr.) K.K. Pandey
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Work Engagement, Job Engagement, Employee Engagement, Organization Engagement, Burnout, Job Burnout.

description: Abstract

Purpose: The evolutionary course of the relationship between work engagement and burnout reveals a pattern of inconsistencies and unpredictability. Furthermore, despite numerous studies attempting to explain this intricate interplay, the role of organization engagement, a related yet significantly separate construct, is inexplicably overlooked. This systematic literature review explores the evolving relationship between work engagement and burnout, considering contextual variables, and also answers the question: what role does organization engagement play in the inconsistent relationship? Research methodology/approach: The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) framework has been adopted in this systematic literature review, considering relevant peer-reviewed empirical articles from the Scopus database. Findings: The paper has presented a novel conceptual framework with organizational engagement as a mediating variable between work engagement and job burnout. It has delineated numerous moderating and mediating variables that influence the relationship between work engagement and job burnout, which may possibly be the reason for the dynamic relationship between them, varying from being negative, positive, curvilinear, and coexisting. Originality/value: This paper fills the gap in extant literature by proposing the potential mediation of organization engagement between work engagement and burnout. Additionally, it provides practitioners with valuable insights, highlighting the significant role that organization engagement plays in enhancing employee work engagement.
ENVIRONMENTALISM AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF TOURISM
Creators: name: Baros, Zoltan
name: Lorant, Denes Dávid
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2007

description: As a consequence of the rapid growth of the tourism sector, special emphasis is placed on destinations and tourism products connected to or based on certain physical and environmental factors. However, the negative environmental consequences of tourism are, in many cases, overemphasised to the social and/or economic elements of sustainable development. Thus, it is important to find an adequate balance of the elements mentioned above within tourism development in order to achieve an optimal way of fulfilling all requirements of sustainable development. In order to this, a potential method is introduced by applying the Sustainability Value Map, developed originally for buildings and urban development projects, to the evaluation of sustainable tourism products. This method implies further questions arisen concerning the selection of the right set of indicators and the importance of local or regional issues. Using it as a tool, it may promote the process of holistic tourism planning and development.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF A 7nm FinFET DEVICE USING High-k (HK) DIELECTRIC OXIDE MATERIAL WITH k = 24, 25, 30 AND GaAs AS METAL GATE (MG) MATERIAL
Creators: name: MOHAMMED ABDUL MUQEET
name: TUMMALA RANGA BABU
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Saturation Drain Current, Electric Field Distribution, Electro-Static Potential, Energy Densities, Threshold Voltage, Transconductance, Drain Induced Barrier Lowering and Subthreshold Swing.

description: Abstract

The article investigates the benefits of scaling Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) and emphasizes FinFETs advantages over planar MOSFETs, notably in terms of decreasing short-channel effects (SCEs) and boosting device performance. High-k (HK) dielectric oxide materials employed include Hafnium Oxide (HfO₂), Lanthanum Oxide (La₂O₃), and Lanthanum Aluminum Oxide (LaAlO₃). These materials have excellent features such as high dielectric constant, better permittivity and increased electron mobility. The key performance measures investigated include saturation drain current (Id(sat)), electric field distribution, electro-static potential, energy densities, threshold voltage (Vth), transconductance (gm), Drain Induced Barrier Lowering (DIBL) and subthreshold swing (SS). The findings show that using HK dielectrics with a GaAs metal gate improves device performance substantially, especially in terms of electric charge densities, electric field distribution, temperature sensitivity, see beck coefficient and overall device stability and efficiency. The study suggests that high-k dielectric materials are more suitable for advanced nanoelectronics applications than SiO₂.
Optical tweezers in a dusty universe
Creators: name: Polimeno, P.
name: Magazzu, A.
name: Iati, M. A.
name: Saija, R.
name: Folco, L.
name: Ciriza, D. Bronte
name: Donato, M. G.
name: Foti, A.
name: Gucciardi, P. G.
name: Saidi, A.
name: Cecchi-Pestellini, C.
name: Escobar, A. Jimenez
name: Ammannito, E.
name: Sindoni, G.
name: Bertini, I.
name: Della Corte, V.
name: Inno, L.
name: Ciaravella, A.
name: Rotundi, A.
name: Marago, O. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical tweezers are powerful tools based on focused laser beams. They are able to trap, manipulate and investigate a wide range of microscopic and nanoscopic particles in different media, such as liquids, air, and vacuum. Key applications of this contactless technique have been developed in many fields. Despite this progress, optical trapping applications to planetary exploration is still to be developed. Here we describe how optical tweezers can be used to trap and characterize extraterrestrial particulate matter. In particular, we exploit light scattering theory in the T-matrix formalism to calculate radiation pressure and optical trapping properties of a variety of complex particles of astrophysical interest. Our results open perspectives in the investigation of extraterrestrial particles on our planet, in controlled laboratory experiments, aiming for space tweezers applications: optical tweezers used to trap and characterize dust particles in space or on planetary bodies surface.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures, 1 table. Part of EPJ plus Focus Point Issues on "Light Pressure across All Scales"
Phantom Black Holes in Einstein-Maxwell-Dilaton Theory
Creators: name: Clement, Gerard
name: Fabris, Julio C.
name: Rodrigues, Manuel Eleuterio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We obtain the general static, spherically symmetric solution for the Einstein-Maxwell-dilaton system in four dimensions with a phantom coupling for the dilaton and/or the Maxwell field. This leads to new classes of black hole solutions, with single or multiple horizons. Using the geodesic equations, we analyse the corresponding Penrose diagrams revealing, in some cases, new causal structures.
description: Latex file, 32 pages, 15 figures in eps format. Typo corrected in Eq. (3.18)
A Multi-attribute Controllable Generative Model for Histopathology Image Synthesis
Creators: name: Ye, Jiarong
name: Xue, Yuan
name: Liu, Peter
name: Zaino, Richard
name: Cheng, Keith
name: Huang, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Generative models have been applied in the medical imaging domain for various image recognition and synthesis tasks. However, a more controllable and interpretable image synthesis model is still lacking yet necessary for important applications such as assisting in medical training. In this work, we leverage the efficient self-attention and contrastive learning modules and build upon state-of-the-art generative adversarial networks (GANs) to achieve an attribute-aware image synthesis model, termed AttributeGAN, which can generate high-quality histopathology images based on multi-attribute inputs. In comparison to existing single-attribute conditional generative models, our proposed model better reflects input attributes and enables smoother interpolation among attribute values. We conduct experiments on a histopathology dataset containing stained H&E images of urothelial carcinoma and demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed model via comprehensive quantitative and qualitative comparisons with state-of-the-art models as well as different variants of our model. Code is available at https://github.com/karenyyy/MICCAI2021AttributeGAN.
description: MICCAI 2021
REMINERALIZING POTENTIAL OF NANO-HYDROXYAPATITE VERSUS NANO-CHITOSAN ON ARTIFICIAL WHITE SPOT LESION IN PERMANENT TEETH
Creators: name: EMAN W. SHASHTAWY
name: MOHAMMED H. EL-BAYOUMI
name: AHMED I. EL-DOSOKY
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Nano Hydroxyapatite, Nano Chitosan, White Spot Lesion, Remineralization.

description: Abstract

Background: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the remineralization potential of nano-hydroxyapatite (n-HA) and nano-chitosan (n-CS) on artificial white spot lesion under pH cycling condition. Methods: Eighty premolars were immersed individually in 10 ml of demineralizing solution in separate test tubes at 370C for 15 hours to create an artificial white spot lesion. The demineralized specimens were divided randomly into four groups: (a) n-HA; (b) n-CS; (c) fluoridated toothpaste (positive control); (d) negative control. The remineralization potential of the experimental pastes were evaluated by a quantitative measurement of mineral density using cone beam computerized tomography (CBCT) and a quantitative measurement of surface roughness using the ZYGO Maxim-GP 200 profilometer. The measurements were carried out at five time points: before surface treatment, after lesion preparation, and during treatment protocols at days 7, 14, and 21. The normal distribution of the data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. As the data exhibited a normal distribution, a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) test was applied to calculate mean differences and compare the study groups. Tukey's post-hoc test was used for pairwise comparisons. Results: CBCT evaluation revealed that n-HA paste gave the best results and recorded the highest mean values of mineral density compared to all groups. Regarding surface roughness results, n-HA paste was the most significant for reducing surface roughness compared to n-CS paste and fluoridated paste. Conclusion: n-HA paste has the highest remineralization potential compared to n-CS paste and fluoridated paste.
Dynamic stabilization of Rayleigh-Taylor instability of ablation fronts in inertial confinement fusion
Creators: name: Di Lucchio, Laura <1982>
Publisher: name: Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna
Year: 2012
Subjects: FIS/07 Fisica applicata (a beni culturali, ambientali, biologia e medicina)

description: One of the most important problems in inertial confinement fusion is how to find a way to mitigate the onset of the Rayleigh-Taylor instability which arises in the ablation front during the compression. In this thesis it is studied in detail the possibility of using for such a purpose the well-known mechanism of dynamic stabilization, already applied to other dynamical systems such as the inverted pendulum. In this context,  a periodic acceleration superposed to the background gravity generates a vertical vibration of the ablation front itself. The effects of different driving modulations (Dirac deltas and square waves) are analyzed from a theoretical point of view, with a focus on stabilization of ion beam driven ablation fronts, and  a comparison is made, in order to look for optimization.
Selective Synthetic Augmentation with HistoGAN for Improved Histopathology Image Classification
Creators: name: Xue, Yuan
name: Ye, Jiarong
name: Zhou, Qianying
name: Long, Rodney
name: Antani, Sameer
name: Xue, Zhiyun
name: Cornwell, Carl
name: Zaino, Richard
name: Cheng, Keith
name: Huang, Xiaolei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Histopathological analysis is the present gold standard for precancerous lesion diagnosis. The goal of automated histopathological classification from digital images requires supervised training, which requires a large number of expert annotations that can be expensive and time-consuming to collect. Meanwhile, accurate classification of image patches cropped from whole-slide images is essential for standard sliding window based histopathology slide classification methods. To mitigate these issues, we propose a carefully designed conditional GAN model, namely HistoGAN, for synthesizing realistic histopathology image patches conditioned on class labels. We also investigate a novel synthetic augmentation framework that selectively adds new synthetic image patches generated by our proposed HistoGAN, rather than expanding directly the training set with synthetic images. By selecting synthetic images based on the confidence of their assigned labels and their feature similarity to real labeled images, our framework provides quality assurance to synthetic augmentation. Our models are evaluated on two datasets: a cervical histopathology image dataset with limited annotations, and another dataset of lymph node histopathology images with metastatic cancer. Here, we show that leveraging HistoGAN generated images with selective augmentation results in significant and consistent improvements of classification performance (6.7% and 2.8% higher accuracy, respectively) for cervical histopathology and metastatic cancer datasets.
description: Elsevier Medical Image Analysis Best Paper Award runner up. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1912.03837
SHOULD YOU REWARD MORE THOSE TEACHERS WHO PARTICIPATE MORE? A STUDY IN THE CONTEXT OF IN-SERVICE TOURISM TEACHER TRAINING PROGRAMS
Creators: name: Babu, George
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: Abilities to participate and communicate in different social settings is considered to be very important qualities for tourism graduates. Tourism educators are supposed to inculcate these qualities in the students and one the finest means of training. Yet, educators, especially those who belong to the ‘old school’ find it difficult to forego the teacher-dominant one-way lecture method. Thus, ‘studentcentered learning’ and ‘teacher-as-facilitator’ are some of the vital-most values that are aimed to be imparted through training programs for in-service academic staff in tourism. Resource persons who handle tourism teacher training program sessions believe that these objectives could best be achieved by rewarding with higher grades those participants who interact more during the sessions. The basic assumption behind this is that encouraging teacher-participants who interact more shall instill in them the spirit of the aforesaid values, which they shall later enact in their professional lives as tourism teachers. The present study conducted in India critically examines this assumption and establishes that rewarding teacher-participants for their interaction might in fact defeat the very same purpose for which the scheme was primarily introduced. The astonishing finding is that those teacher-participants who participate more during the sessions of the in-service training programs constitute the most ‘dictatorial’ ones in their regular teaching roles along with their least participating colleagues. Those who participated moderately were noted to be the best tourism educators in terms of their facilitating student participation and encouraging student centered learning.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
CURRY CUISINE: PERCEPTIONS OF INDIAN RESTAURANTS IN MALAYSIA
Creators: name: Josiam, Bharath M. Josiam
name: Sohail, Sadiq
name: Monteiro, Prema
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: Malaysia is an Asian country with a multi-ethnic population that includes native Malays, and people of Chinese and Indian ethnicity. Malaysia has identified tourism as a priority sector and is aggressively promoting the country. Consequently, restaurants in Malaysia operate with an increasingly more ethnically diverse customer base. Ethnic restaurants and differential perceptions of customers of varying ethnic backgrounds have not been studied in detail. This study examines the perceptions of South Asians, Caucasians, East Asians, and those of other ethnic origins in their perceptions of Indian restaurants in Malaysia. The findings suggest that there are universal likes/dislikes as well as differential perceptions between ethnic groups. Implications for restaurant operators and researchers are suggested.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
title: A Case Study on How Meeting the Academic Needs of Students Substantially Below Grade Level in Mathematics Affects Their Self-Efficacy Beliefs and Engagement
Creators: name: Burton, Lauren K. M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2018

description: This researcher examined an alternative classroom structure for ninth-grade students substantially below grade level (SBGL) in mathematics. This researcher considered whether targeting the academic and social needs of students SBGL in mathematics in a ninth-grade class would increase their self-efficacy and engagement with the mathematics by studying four teaching effects: teacher, teacher-curriculum, peer-curriculum, and peer.
The researcher used interviews, observations, and surveys to collect qualitative and quantitative data. The case study (n = 19) employed a QUAL + quan convergent parallel mixed methods case study. Meta-inferences from the analyses of qualitative and quantitative data indicate that the structure of the observed class increased in positive behaviors associated with self-efficacy, cognitive engagement, and behavioral engagement. While the data show an increase in emotional and social engagement, the quantitative data did not show a statistical significance in their increase.
These changes illustrated that these ninth-grade students recognized and willingly worked to close the gaps that they acknowledge they had in their mathematics understanding. Findings indicated that the convergent results of self-efficacy, cognitive engagement and behavioral engagement related to all four teaching effects. While qualitative data showed a strong positive change associated with the divergent results of social and emotional engagement, students self-reported little social and emotional peer influence in student interviews and student surveys.
COST ACCOUNTING IN GREEK HOTEL ENTERPRISES: AN EMPIRICAL APPROACH
Creators: name: Pavlatos, Odysseas
name: Paggios, Ioannis
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: The purpose of this paper is to provide insights of the Greek Hotel Industry practices in the field of Cost Accounting. To this end, a survey was conducted with 85 firms of the Greek hotel sector with the use of questionnaires. Results show that hotel enterprises have a high fixed cost structure and also face a high proportion of indirect costs. The gathered data led us to the conclusion that the majority of the hotels use traditional cost accounting systems. Nevertheless, the adoption rate of an activity based costing (ABC) system is considered rather satisfactory considering the rates that come from surveys conducted in hotel enterprises in other countries. According to the statistical analysis, the factors that mostly affect the managerial decision of hotels in favour of an ABC system include their cost structure and the cost calculation per customers' categories.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
High-resolution Resonance Bragg-scattering spectroscopy of an atomic transition from a population difference grating in a vapor cell
Creators: name: Wang*, Hai
name: Yang, Xudong
name: Li, Shujing
name: Zhang, Chunhong
name: Xie, Changde
name: Peng, Kunchi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The laser spectroscopy with a narrow linewidth and high signal to noise ratio (S/N) is very important in the precise measurement of optical frequencies. Here, we present a novel high-resolution backward resonance Bragg-scattering (RBS) spectroscopy from a population difference grating (PDG). The PDG is formed by a standing-wave (SW) pump field in thermal 87Rb vapor, which periodically modulates the space population distribution of two levels in the 87Rb D1 line. A probe beam, having the identical frequency and the orthogonal polarization with the SW pump field, is Bragg-scattered by the PDG. Such Bragg-scattered light becomes stronger at an atomic resonance transition, which forms the RBS spectrum with a high S/N and sub-natural linewidth. Using the scheme of the coherent superposition of the individual Rayleigh-scattered light emitted from the atomic dipole oscillators on the PDG, the experimentally observed RBS spectroscopy is theoretically explained.
description: 18 pages, 4 figures
CULTURAL TOURISM IN A GREEK INSULAR COMMUNITY: THE RESIDENTS’ PERSPECTIVE
Creators: name: Sdrali, Despina
name: Chazapi, Katerina
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: Cultural tourism constitutes an alternative strategy of sustainable local development for improving quality of life. The main objective of this type of tourism is to transform the regions, which are characterized by cultural resources, into ideal places for vacation, residence or business. In this study the residents’ perceptions of cultural tourism were examined in a case study of a Greek island, Andros. It was found that the majority of the respondents were aware of the importance of cultural tourism and they argued that it could contribute to the island’s local development. The findings also suggested that there is a strong relationship between the respondents’ characteristics and their perceptions of the impacts of cultural tourism on the island’s development.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)
EXPLORING KNOWLEDGE AND SKILLS FOR TOURIST GUIDES: EVIDENCE FROM EGYPT
Creators: name: El-Sharkawy, Omneya Khairy
Publisher: name: tourismos
Year: 2021

description: Tourist Guides, like all employees within the travel (Tourism) industry must be aware of the needs of travelers (Tourists) and adjust their service and products accordingly, to accomplish this goal TGs are expected to process knowledge of guiding. This paper measures the degree of the influence of the area of study and the level of knowledge on experienced TGs through a study conducted on 200 of 6846 the working population of TGs in 2005, licensed to work in the field by the Ministry of Tourism in Egypt. The study used a self-administered questionnaire that revealed important results showing defects in the areas of study and shortage in the knowledge background of the TGs to a certain extend. The conclusion of the study will propose a guiding scheme to develop a certain standard of education and knowledge needed by TGs in Egypt in their drive towards professional recognition, in order to be able to perform effectively in an increasingly competitive field.
description: tourismos, Vol. 2 No. 2 (2007)