cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The deformed M2-brane
Creators: name: Howe, P. S.
name: Kerstan, S. F.
name: Lindstrom, U.
name: Tsimpis, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The superembedding formalism is used to study correction terms to the dynamics of the M2 brane in a flat background. This is done by deforming the standard embedding constraint. It is shown rigorously that the first such correction occurs at dimension four. Cohomological techniques are used to determine this correction explicitly. The action is derived to quadratic order in fermions, and the modified $\k$-symmetry transformations are given.
description: 38 pages, 3 figures
Exponential distribution of financial returns at mesoscopic time lags: a new stylized fact
Creators: name: Silva, A. Christian
name: Prange, Richard E.
name: Yakovenko, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We study the probability distribution of stock returns at mesoscopic time lags (return horizons) ranging from about an hour to about a month. While at shorter microscopic time lags the distribution has power-law tails, for mesoscopic times the bulk of the distribution (more than 99% of the probability) follows an exponential law. The slope of the exponential function is determined by the variance of returns, which increases proportionally to the time lag. At longer times, the exponential law continuously evolves into Gaussian distribution. The exponential-to-Gaussian crossover is well described by the analytical solution of the Heston model with stochastic volatility.
description: 7 pages, 12 plots, elsart.cls, submitted to the Proceedings of APFA-4. V.2: updated references
CONSUMER DECISIONS: PROBLEMS AND POLICIES - Conference Report - Front Matter
Creators: name: AGRICULTURAL POLICY INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
name: AGRICULTURAL POLICY INSTITUTE, NORTH CAROLINA STATE UNIVERSITY
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Conference on CONSUMER DECISIONS: PROBLEMS AND POLICIES Raleigh, N. C. / May 1965
title: Primary Mentors' Conceptions Of Subject Knowledge In English
Creators: name: Wilson, Vivien Roby
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2004

description: This research investigates concepts of subject knowledge in English held by teachers acting as student mentors in primary schools, in an Initial Teacher Education and Training (ITET) partnership. A case study approach draws on evidence from documentary sources, interviews with mentors and tape-recorded conversations between mentors and student teachers, following the observation of English lessons. During the past 25 years teachers' professional identities have been restructured through a series of Government interventions into the curriculum and teachers' working conditions, culminating in the introduction of the National Literacy and Numeracy Strategies. It has been argued that these reforms have established a 'culture of compliance' within the teaching profession. Government intervention has taken place in ITET, which has been regulated through OfSTED inspection. Since 1992 schools and Higher Education Institutions have been required to establish training partnerships. A National Curriculum for ITT was introduced in 1997. It is suggested that opportunities for student teachers to learn through reflective practice are constrained by policy directives affecting ITET and primary schools. The management of student teachers' learning, and the assessment of their progress is the responsibility of a designated student mentor. Previous research indicates that primary mentors do not place a high priority on supporting the development of student teachers' subject knowledge. Evidence from the case study suggests primary mentors implicitly distinguish between different forms of subject knowledge for teaching. They hold a developmental model of learning to teach which seeks to move student teachers towards an awareness of the needs of learners. Mentors' conceptions of subject knowledge in English are circumscribed by the curriculum and pedagogical approaches recommended in the National Literacy Strategy. The subject specialism and personal interests of mentors are also a significant factor in these conceptions. Mentors who have entered the profession more recently appear to be more accepting of the content and approaches of the NLS. Much of the literature on mentoring assumes an underpinning model of the reflective teacher. The mentoring practices examined in the case study were situated within the context of the school and delivery of the NLS requirements. It is suggested that it may be unrealistic to expect broader reflective discussion on curriculum issues within the current policy context and structures of school experience. A re-examination of the ways in which student teachers' experiences in schools are conceptualised and organised, in terms of professional learning, may thus be necessary.
Dynamics of identified particles production in oxygen-oxygen collisions at \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}} = 7 TeV using EPOS4
Creators: name: Khan, A. M.
name: Ashraf, M. U.
name: Alfanda, H. M.
name: Aslam, M. Uzair.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) aims to inject oxygen (${}^{16}O$) ions in the next run into its experiments. This include the anticipated one-day physics run focusing on $OO$ collisions at center-of-mass energy \sqrt{s_{\mathrm{NN}} = 7 Tev. In this study, we have used recently developed version of the EPOS (EPOS4) to study the production of identified particles ($π^\pm$, $K^\pm$ and $p(\overline{p})$) in $OO$ collisions at 7 Tev. Predictions of transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra, $\langle p_T \rangle$, integrated yield (dN/dy) for different centrality classes are studied. To provide insight into the collective nature of the produced particles, we look into the $p_T$-differential particle ratios ($K/π$ and $p/π$) and $p_T$-integrated particle ratios to ($π^++π^-$) as a function of charge particle multiplicity. The shape of the charge particle multiplicity ($dN/dη$) and $\langle p_T \rangle$ is well described by the EPOS4. The EPOS4 predictions for the ratios of $K/π$ and $p/π$ exhibit a systematic overestimation compared to the observed trends as a function of charged-particle multiplicity. Interestingly, the $OO$ results of $p_T$-integrated particle ratios shows a clear final state multiplicity overlap with $pp$, $p-Pb$ and $Pb-Pb$ collisions. EPOS4 mimics signs of collectivity and is one of the suitable candidates to study ultra-relativistic heavy-ion collisions. Furthermore, the foreseen data from $OO$ collisions at the LHC, when available, will help to better understand the heavy-ion-like behavior in small systems as well as help to put possible constraints on the model parameters.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Experimental realization of the one qubit Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm in a quantum dot
Creators: name: Bianucci, P.
name: Muller, A.
name: Shih, C. K.
name: Wang, Q. Q.
name: Xue, X. K.
name: Piermarocchi, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform quantum interference experiments on a single self-assembled semiconductor quantum dot. The presence or absence of a single exciton in the dot provides a qubit that we control with femtosecond time resolution. We combine a set of quantum operations to realize the single-qubit Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. The results show the feasibility of single qubit quantum logic in a semiconductor quantum dot using ultrafast optical control.
description: REVTex4, 4 pages, 3 figures. Now includes more details about the dephasing in the quantum dots. The introduction has been reworded for clarity. Minor readability fixes
Dynamics of thick discs around Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes
Creators: name: Rezzolla, Luciano
name: Zanotti, Olindo
name: Font, Jose A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the effects of a cosmological constant on the dynamics of constant angular momentum discs orbiting Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes. The motivation behind this study is to investigate whether the presence of a radial force contrasting the black hole's gravitational attraction can influence the occurrence of the runaway instability, a robust feature of the dynamics of constant angular momentum tori in Schwarzschild and Kerr spacetimes. In addition to the inner cusp near the black hole horizon through which matter can accrete onto the black hole, in fact, a positive cosmological constant introduces also an outer cusp through which matter can leave the torus without accreting onto the black hole. To assess the impact of this outflow on the development of the instability we have performed time-dependent and axisymmetric hydrodynamical simulations of equilibrium initial configurations in a sequence of background spacetimes of Schwarzschild-de Sitter black holes with increasing masses. The simulations have been performed with an unrealistic value for the cosmological constant which, however, yields sufficiently small discs to be resolved accurately on numerical grids and thus provides a first qualitative picture of the dynamics. The calculations, carried out for a wide range of initial conditions, show that the mass-loss from the outer cusp can have a considerable impact on the instability, with the latter being rapidly suppressed if the outflow is large enough.
description: 12 pages; A&A, in press
Two-path interference for enantiomer-selective state transfer of chiral molecules
Creators: name: Wu, Jin-Lei
name: Wang, Yan
name: Han, Jin-Xuan
name: Wang, Cong
name: Su, Shi-Lei
name: Xia, Yan
name: Jiang, Yongyuan
name: Song, Jie
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With a microwave-regime cyclic three-state configuration, an enantiomer-selective state transfer~(ESST) is carried out through the two-path interference between a direct one-photon coupling and an effective two-photon coupling. The $π$-phase difference in the one-photon process between two enantiomers makes the interference constructive for one enantiomer but destructive for the other. Therefore only one enantiomer is excited into a higher rotational state while the other remains in the ground state. The scheme is of flexibility in the pulse waveforms and the time order of two paths. We simulate the scheme in a sample of cyclohexylmethanol~(C$_7$H$_{14}$O) molecules. Simulative results show the robust and high-fidelity ESST can be obtained when experimental concerns are considered. Finally, we propose to employ the finished ESST in implementing enantio-separation and determining enantiomeric excess.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures. Accepted to publish in Phys. Rev. Applied
Classifying real polynomial pencils
Creators: name: Borcea, Julius
name: Shapiro, Boris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 58K05; Secondary 12D10, 14P05, 26C10, 30C15

description: Let $\bP^n$ be the space of all homogeneous polynomials of degree $n$ in two variables with real coefficients. The standard discriminant $\D_{n+1}\subset \bP^n$ is Whitney stratified according to the number and the multiplicities of multiple real zeros. A real polynomial pencil, that is, a line $L\subset \bP^n$ is called generic if it intersects $\D_{n+1}$ transversally. Nongeneric pencils form the Grassmann discriminant $\D_{2,n+1}\subset \gtn$, where $\gtn$ is the Grassmannian of lines in $\bP^n$. We enumerate the connected components of the set $\widetilde \gtn=\gtn\setminus \D_{2,n+1}$ of all generic lines in $\bP^n$ and relate this topic to the Hawaii conjecture and the classical theorems of Obreschkoff and Hermite-Biehler.
description: 15 pages, 7 figures, LaTeX2e
Quantum spin Hall effect protected by spin U(1) quasisymmetry
Creators: name: Liu, Lu
name: Liu, Yuntian
name: Li, Jiayu
name: Wu, Hua
name: Liu, Qihang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin Hall (QSH) effect, where electrons with opposite spin channels are deflected to opposite sides of a two-dimensional system with a quantized conductance, was believed to be characterized by a nontrivial topological index $Z_{2}$. However, spin mixing effects in realistic materials often lead to deviation of the spin Hall conductance from exact quantization. In this Letter, we present a universal symmetry indicator for diagnosing QSH effect in realistic materials, termed spin U(1) quasisymmetry. Such a symmetry eliminates the first-order spin-mixing perturbation and thus protects the near-quantization of SHC, applicable to time-reversal-preserved cases with either $Z_{2}=1$ or $Z_{2}=0$, as well as time-reversal-broken scenarios. We propose that spin U(1) quasisymmetry is hidden in the subspace spanned by the doublets with unquenched orbital momentum and emerges when SOC is present, which can be realized in 19 crystallographic point groups. Particularly, we identify a previous overlooked even spin Chern phase with a trivial $Z_{2}$ index as an ideal platform for achieving a near-double-quantized SHC, as exemplified by twisted bilayer transition metal dichalcogenides and monolayer RuBr$_{3}$. Our work offers a new perspective for understanding QSH effect and significantly expands the material pool for the screening of exemplary material candidates.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
The interplay of transverse degrees of freedom and axial-vector mesons with short-distance constraints in g-2
Creators: name: Masjuan, Pere
name: Roig, Pablo
name: Sanchez-Puertas, Pablo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We revisit well-known short-distance constraints relating the hadronic light-by light Green's function to the $\langle VVA \rangle$ one, that have been a subject of debate over the past years in the context of the muon $(g-2)$. Specifically, we identify a relation among the longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom that is enforced by the axial anomaly that, by contrast, has not received attention in the past. Such relation allows, among other things, to overcome the problem of basis ambiguities when describing axial-vector mesons transition form factors, but further applications are discussed as well, with special focus on the role of axial-vector mesons in the HLbL contribution to the muon $(g-2)$. Our results should also contribute to a better understanding of the, so far, controversial interplay among short-distance constraints with longitudinal and transverse degrees of freedom, such as axial-vector mesons. This is key to confront the theoretical and experimental result for the muon $(g-2)$ that, currently, exhibits a $4.2σ$ tension.
description: 11 pages+references; major revision including a new model; version accepted for publication in Journal of Physics G
A Central Limit Theorem and Higher Order Results for the Angular Bispectrum
Creators: name: Marinucci, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The angular bispectrum of spherical random fields has recently gained an enormous importance, especially in connection with statistical inference on cosmological data. In this paper, we provide expressions for its moments of arbitrary order and we use these results to establish a multivariate central limit theorem and higher order approximations. The results rely upon combinatorial methods from graph theory and a detailed investigation for the asymptotic behaviour of Clebsch-Gordan coefficients; the latter are widely used in representation theory and quantum theory of angular momentum.
description: Submitted for publication
A comparison of mobile VR display running on an ordinary smartphone with standard PC display for P300-BCI stimulus presentation
Creators: name: Cattan, Grégoire
name: Andreev, Anton
name: Mendoza, Cesar
name: Congedo, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: A brain-computer interface (BCI) based on electroencephalography (EEG) is a promising technology for enhancing virtual reality (VR) applications-in particular, for gaming. We focus on the so-called P300-BCI, a stable and accurate BCI paradigm relying on the recognition of a positive event-related potential (ERP) occurring in the EEG about 300 ms post-stimulation. We implemented a basic version of such a BCI displayed on an ordinary and affordable smartphone-based head-mounted VR device: that is, a mobile and passive VR system (with no electronic components beyond the smartphone). The mobile phone performed the stimuli presentation, EEG synchronization (tagging) and feedback display. We compared the ERPs and the accuracy of the BCI on the VR device with a traditional BCI running on a personal computer (PC). We also evaluated the impact of subjective factors on the accuracy. The study was within-subjects, with 21 participants and one session in each modality. No significant difference in BCI accuracy was found between the PC and VR systems, although the P200 ERP was significantly wider and larger in the VR system as compared to the PC system.
description: IEEE Transactions on Games, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, In press
Matter-Antimatter Asymmetry Generated by Loop Quantum Gravity
Creators: name: Lambiase, Gaetano
name: Singh, Parampreet
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that Loop Quantum Gravity provides new mechanisms through which observed matter-antimatter asymmetry in the Universe can naturally arise at temperatures less than GUT scale. This is enabled through the introduction of a new length scale ${\cal L}$, much greater than Planck length ($l_P$), to obtain semi-classical weave states in the theory. This scale which depends on the momentum of the particle modifies the dispersion relation for different helicities of fermions and leads to lepton asymmetry.
description: To appear in Phys. Lett. B. Minor changes in presentation. References added
Cycadinocarpus augustodunensis Renault 1896
Creators: name: Galtier, Jean
name: Ronchi, Ausonio
name: Broutin, Jean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Cycadopsida
Cycadales
Cycadinocarpus
Cycadinocarpus augustodunensis

description: Cycadinocarpus augustodunensis (Brongniart) Renault, 1896   (Fig. 9H)
 Groups of dispersed ovules of this type are found in a few specimens. They are up to 9 mm long, 6-8 mm wide in the major plane and 3-5 mm wide in the minor plane of symmetry. They conform to the description of the species Cycadinocarpus augustodunensis (Brongniart) Renault (1896) from Autun. This ovule was previously described as Cordaicarpus augustodunensis by Brongniart (1881). The generic change, from Cordaicarpus to Cycadinocarpus, proposed by Renault (1896) was supported by Bertrand (1908). This ovule is mostly characterized by the irregular sclerotesta varying greatly in thickness and appearing trabeculate in tangential sections (Brongniart 1881: pl. III, fig. 14). Original type material of this species, kept in the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN), has been re-investigated by one of the authors (JG) and the non-artefactual nature of this irregular slerotesta was confirmed as well as the specific identification of the Sardinian ovules to the species of Autun.
description: Published as part of Galtier, Jean, Ronchi, Ausonio & Broutin, Jean, 2011, Early Permian silicified floras from the Perdasdefogu Basin (SE Sardinia): comparison and bio-chronostratigraphic correlation with the floras of the Autun Basin (Massif central, France), pp. 43-69 in Geodiversitas 33 (1) on page 62, DOI: 10.5252/g2011n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4596948
Entropy as a measure of attractiveness and socioeconomic complexity in Rio de Janeiro metropolitan area
Creators: name: Lenormand, Maxime
name: Samaniego, Horacio
name: Chaves, Julio C.
name: Vieira, Vinicius F.
name: da Silva, Moacyr A. H. B.
name: Evsukoff, Alexandre G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Defining and measuring spatial inequalities across the urban environment remains a complex and elusive task that has been facilitated by the increasing availability of large geolocated databases. In this study, we rely on a mobile phone dataset and an entropy-based metric to measure the attractiveness of a location in the Rio de Janeiro Metropolitan Area (Brazil) as the diversity of visitors' location of residence. The results show that the attractiveness of a given location measured by entropy is an important descriptor of the socioeconomic status of the location, and can thus be used as a proxy for complex socioeconomic indicators.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures + Appendix
Challenges in addressing student difficulties with basics and change of basis for two-state quantum systems using a multiple-choice question sequence in online and in-person classes
Creators: name: Hu, Peter
name: Li, Yangqiuting
name: Singh, Chandralekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Research-validated multiple-choice questions comprise an easy-to-implement instructional tool for scaffolding student learning and providing formative assessment of students' knowledge. We present findings from the implementation of a research-validated multiple-choice question sequence on the basics of two-state quantum systems, including inner products, outer products, translation between Dirac notation and matrix representation in a particular basis, and change of basis. This study was conducted in an advanced undergraduate quantum mechanics course, in both online and in-person learning environments, across three years. For each cohort, students had their learning assessed after traditional lecture-based instruction in relevant concepts before engaging with the multiple-choice question sequence. Their performance was evaluated again afterwards with a similar assessment and compared to their earlier performance. We analyze, compare, and discuss the trends observed in the three implementations.
description: 25 pages, 0 figures; added references
An XMM-Newton and Chandra investigation of the nuclear accretion in the Sombrero Galaxy (NGC4594)
Creators: name: Pellegrini, S.
name: Baldi, A.
name: Fabbiano, G.
name: Kim, D. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an analysis of the XMM-Newton and Chandra ACIS-S observations of the LINER nucleus of the Sombrero galaxy and we discuss possible explanations for its very sub-Eddington luminosity by complementing the X-ray results with high angular resolution observations in other bands. The X-ray investigation shows a hard (Gamma=1.89) and moderately absorbed (N_H=1.8 10^21 cm^-2) nuclear source of 1.5 10^40 erg s^-1 in the 2-10 keV band, surrounded by hot gas at a temperature of \sim 0.6 keV. The bolometric nuclear luminosity is at least \sim 200 times lower than expected if mass accreted on the supermassive black hole, that HST shows to reside at the center of this galaxy, at the rate predicted by the spherical and adiabatic Bondi accretion theory and with the high radiative efficiency of a standard accretion disc. The low luminosity, coupled to the observed absence of Fe-K emission in the nuclear spectrum, indicates that such a disc is not present. This nucleus differs from bright unobscured AGNs also for the lack of high flux variability and of prominent broad Halpha emission. However, it is also too faint for the predictions of simple radiatively inefficient accretion taking place at the Bondi rate; it could be too radio bright, instead, for radiatively inefficient accretion that includes strong mass outflows or convection. This discrepancy could be solved by the possible presence of nuclear radio jets. An alternative explanation of the low luminosity, in place of radiative inefficiency, could be unsteady accretion.
description: 24 pages, including 7 figures; to be published in the ApJ
Emergence of the London Millennium Bridge instability without synchronisation
Creators: name: Belykh, Igor
name: Bocian, Mateusz
name: Champneys, Alan R.
name: Daley, Kevin
name: Jeter, Russell
name: Macdonald, John H. G.
name: McRobie, Allan
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2021
Subjects: Article
/639/166/986
/639/705/1041
/639/766/25
article

description: Abstract: The pedestrian-induced instability of the London Millennium Bridge is a widely used example of Kuramoto synchronisation. Yet, reviewing observational, experimental, and modelling evidence, we argue that increased coherence of pedestrians’ foot placement is a consequence of, not a cause of the instability. Instead, uncorrelated pedestrians produce positive feedback, through negative damping on average, that can initiate significant lateral bridge vibration over a wide range of natural frequencies. We present a simple general formula that quantifies this effect, and illustrate it through simulation of three mathematical models, including one with strong propensity for synchronisation. Despite subtle effects of gait strategies in determining precise instability thresholds, our results show that average negative damping is always the trigger. More broadly, we describe an alternative to Kuramoto theory for emergence of coherent oscillations in nature; collective contributions from incoherent agents need not cancel, but can provide positive feedback on average, leading to global limit-cycle motion.
Operating semiconductor quantum processors with hopping spins
Creators: name: Wang, Chien-An
name: John, Valentin
name: Tidjani, Hanifa
name: Yu, Cécile X.
name: Ivlev, Alexander S.
name: Déprez, Corentin
name: van Riggelen-Doelman, Floor
name: Woods, Benjamin D.
name: Hendrickx, Nico W.
name: Lawrie, William I. L.
name: Stehouwer, Lucas E. A.
name: Oosterhout, Stefan D.
name: Sammak, Amir
name: Friesen, Mark
name: Scappucci, Giordano
name: de Snoo, Sander L.
name: Rimbach-Russ, Maximilian
name: Borsoi, Francesco
name: Veldhorst, Menno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Qubits that can be efficiently controlled are essential for the development of scalable quantum hardware. While resonant control is used to execute high-fidelity quantum gates, the scalability is challenged by the integration of high-frequency oscillating signals, qubit crosstalk and heating. Here, we show that by engineering the hopping of spins between quantum dots with site-dependent spin quantization axis, quantum control can be established with discrete signals. We demonstrate hopping-based quantum logic and obtain single-qubit gate fidelities of 99.97\%, coherent shuttling fidelities of 99.992\% per hop, and a two-qubit gate fidelity of 99.3\%, corresponding to error rates that have been predicted to allow for quantum error correction. We also show that hopping spins constitute a tuning method by statistically mapping the coherence of a 10-quantum dot system. Our results show that dense quantum dot arrays with sparse occupation could be developed for efficient and high-connectivity qubit registers.
description: main text with 18 pages and 3 figures, supplementary materials with 64 pages and 26 figures, in a single file
Parataxospermum Z.M.Li 1993
Creators: name: Galtier, Jean
name: Ronchi, Ausonio
name: Broutin, Jean
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Pinopsida
Cordaitales
Parataxospermum

description: cf. Parataxospermum (Fig. 9I)
Dispersed cardiocarpalean ovules of this type are the most common, occurring in about 1/10 of specimens.
They are up to 1 mm long and 6 × 5 mm wide. They are characterized by a prominent sclerotesta up to 1 mm thick composed of large thick-walled cells 50 to 200 µm in diameter gradually decreasing in size in the outermost sclerotesta and near the base of the ovule. Detailed description of these ovules will be presented in another paper but it is worth mentioning that they are most similar with ovules from Carboniferous-Permian coal balls from Shanxi Province in China described by Li (1993).
description: Published as part of Galtier, Jean, Ronchi, Ausonio & Broutin, Jean, 2011, Early Permian silicified floras from the Perdasdefogu Basin (SE Sardinia): comparison and bio-chronostratigraphic correlation with the floras of the Autun Basin (Massif central, France), pp. 43-69 in Geodiversitas 33 (1) on pages 62-63, DOI: 10.5252/g2011n1a4, http://zenodo.org/record/4596948
Lane Boundary Geometry Extraction from Satellite Imagery
Creators: name: Zang, Andi
name: Xu, Runsheng
name: Li, Zichen
name: Doria, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Autonomous driving car is becoming more of a reality, as a key component,high-definition(HD) maps shows its value in both market place and industry. Even though HD maps generation from LiDAR or stereo/perspective imagery has achieved impressive success, its inherent defects cannot be ignored. In this paper, we proposal a novel method for Highway HD maps modeling using pixel-wise segmentation on satellite imagery and formalized hypotheses linking, which is cheaper and faster than current HD maps modeling approaches from LiDAR point cloud and perspective view imagery, and let it becomes an ideal complementary of state of the art. We also manual code/label an HD road model dataset as ground truth, aligned with Bing tile image server, to train, test and evaluate our methodology. This dataset will be publish at same time to contribute research in HD maps modeling from aerial imagery.
Tassiliodus Derycke & Goujet 2011, n. gen.
Creators: name: Derycke, Claire
name: Goujet, Daniel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Chondrichthyes
Tassiliodus

description: Genus Tassiliodus n. gen.
 TYPE SPECIES. — Tassiliodus lessardi n.sp. (MNHN.F.ALD - 15, Fig. 4A).
ETYMOLOGY. — From Tassili, origin of the material, and -odus, tooth.
DIAGNOSIS. — Crown with three diverging main cusps, the middle one being shorter than the two diverging lateral ones, intermediate cusplets in a more labial position than the main ones, rugose base oriented lingually. Scales with a flat base, a high neck and ridges on the crown, histological structure with an extensive network of wide vascular canals through the neck and base, box-in-box pattern, pallial dentine and mesodentine.
description: Published as part of Derycke, Claire & Goujet, Daniel, 2011, Multicuspidate shark teeth associated with chondrichthyan and acanthodian scales from the Emsian (Devonian) of southern Algeria, pp. 209-226 in Geodiversitas 33 (2) on page 213, DOI: 10.5252/g2011n2a1, http://zenodo.org/record/4597045
Spin-wave gap collapse in Rh-doped Sr2IrO4
Creators: name: Bertinshaw, J.
name: Kim, J. K.
name: Porras, J.
name: Ueda, K.
name: Sung, N. H.
name: Efimenko, A.
name: Bombardi, A.
name: Kim, Jungho
name: Keimer, B.
name: Kim, B. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS) at the Ir L3 edge to study the effect of hole doping upon the Jeff=1/2 Mott-insulating state in Sr2IrO4, via Rh replacement of the Ir site. The spin-wave gap, associated with XY-type spin-exchange anisotropy, collapses with increasing Rh content, prior to the suppression of the Mott-insulating state and in contrast to electron doping via La substitution of the Sr site. At the same time, despite heavy damping, the d-d excitation spectra retain their overall amplitude and dispersion character. A careful study of the spin-wave spectrum reveals that deviations from the J1-J2-J3 Heisenberg used to model the pristine system disappear at intermediate doping levels. These findings are interpreted in terms of a modulation of Ir-Ir correlations due to the influence of Rh impurities upon nearby Ir wave functions, even as the single-band Jeff=1/2 model remains valid up to full carrier delocalization. They underline the importance of the transition metal site symmetry when doping pseudospin systems such as Sr2IrO4.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
$Δα/α$ from QSO absorption lines driven by an oscillating scalar field
Creators: name: Fujii, Yasunori
name: Mizuno, Shuntaro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new result on the QSO absorption lines from VLT-UVES sample is compared with the past reports on the time-variability of the fine-structure "constant" derived from the Keck/HIRES observation, on the basis of an oscillatory behavior of the scalar field supposed to be responsible for the cosmological acceleration.
description: 7 pages, 7 figures. v2: Divided into sections, added Fig. 7 and references, including minor changes. v3: 9 pages. Revised for journal publication with additional references
Unique and exclusive peptide signatures directly identify intrinsically disordered proteins from sequences without structural information
Creators: name: Mittal, Aditya
name: Anandkumar Madhavjibhai Changani
name: Sakshi Taparia
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Intrinsically disordered proteins are now widely accepted to play crucial roles in biological functions. Identification of signatures of intrinsic disorder is one of the key steps towards building a proper repertoire for their occurrence in proteomes. In this work, systematic computational synthesis of a library of all possible (3368400) dipeptides, tripeptides, tetrapeptides and pentapeptides using the natural 20 amino acids allowed us to identify 36 unique tetrapeptides present exclusively in intrinsically disordered proteins and absent in the complete primary sequence space of naturally occurring structured proteins. Further, out of more than 530000 known naturally occurring primary sequences without any structural information, 1349 sequences contain the above identified unique signatures of intrinsic disorder. These sequences, having cellular functions varying from housekeeping to metabolic to transport, more than double the number of the currently known intrinsically disordered proteins. On similar lines, we report that 26577 pentapeptide signatures exclusive to intrinsically disordered proteins, and absent in naturally occurring structured proteins, identify ∼50% of more than half-a-million curated protein sequences without structural information to be intrinsically disordered. The results reported are a major leap forward in exploring functional manifestations of intrinsically disordered proteins.
Additional file 1 of Farmers’ knowledge and perception of finger millet blast disease and its control practices in western Kenya
Creators: name: Mbinda, Wilton
name: Kavoo, Agnes
name: Fredah Maina
name: Odeph, Margaret
name: Mweu, Cecilia
name: Nzilani, Naomi
name: Ngugi, Mathew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Fig. S1. Source of finger millet seed sown in the season during the survey in Kisii and Bungoma counties, Kenya. Fig. S2. Yield in 2018 of the preferred finger millet variety in Kisii and Bungoma counties, Kenya. Fig. S3. Finger millet blast occurrence and seasonality in Kisii and Bungoma counties, Kenya. Fig. S4. Management of finger millet stover in Bungoma and Kisii counties, Kenya. Fig. S5. Box plots of finger millet yields before and after the onset of blast in Bungoma and Kisii counties, Kenya. Fig. S6. Effect of finger millet blast on grain quality in Bungoma and Kisii counties, Kenya.
Additional file 1 of Social gradient in health-related quality of life among urban middle-age residents in Limassol, Cyprus: research article
Creators: name: Ellina, P.
name: N. Middleton
name: E. Lambrinou
name: C. Kouta
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Exploring Eco-Friendly Gas Mixtures for Resistive Plate Chambers: A Comprehensive Study on Performance and Aging
Creators: name: collaboration, The RPC ECOGas@GIF++
name: :
name: Quaglia, L.
name: Abbrescia, M.
name: Aielli, G.
name: Aly, R.
name: Arena, M. C.
name: Barroso, M.
name: Benussi, L.
name: Bianco, S.
name: Boscherini, D.
name: Bordon, F.
name: Bruni, A.
name: Buontempo, S.
name: Busato, M.
name: Camarri, P.
name: Cardarelli, R.
name: Congedo, L.
name: Damiao, D. De Jesus
name: De Serio, M.
name: Di Ciaccio, A.
name: Di Stante, L.
name: Dupieux, P.
name: Eysermans, J.
name: Ferretti, A.
name: Galati, G.
name: Gagliardi, M.
name: Garetti, S.
name: Guida, R.
name: Iaselli, G.
name: Joly, B.
name: Juks, S. A.
name: Lee, K. S.
name: Liberti, B.
name: Ramirez, D. Lucero
name: Mandelli, B.
name: Manen, S. P.
name: Massa, L.
name: Pastore, A.
name: Pastori, E.
name: Piccolo, D.
name: Pizzimento, L.
name: Polini, A.
name: Proto, G.
name: Pugliese, G.
name: Ramos, D.
name: Rigoletti, G.
name: Rocchi, A.
name: Romano, M.
name: Samalan, A.
name: Salvini, P.
name: Santonico, R.
name: Saviano, G.
name: Sessa, M.
name: Simone, S.
name: Terlizzi, L.
name: Tytgat, M.
name: Vercellin, E.
name: Verzeroli, M.
name: Zaganidis, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Resistive Plate Chambers (RPCs) are gaseous detectors widely used in high energy physics experiments, operating with a gas mixture primarily containing Tetrafluoroethane (C$_{2}$H$_{2}$F$_{4}$), commonly known as R-134a, which has a global warming potential (GWP) of 1430. To comply with European regulations and explore environmentally friendly alternatives, the RPC EcoGas@GIF++ collaboration, involving ALICE, ATLAS, CMS, LHCb/SHiP, and EP-DT communities, has undertaken intensive R\&D efforts to explore new gas mixtures for RPC technology.
 A leading alternative under investigation is HFO1234ze, boasting a low GWP of 6 and demonstrating reasonable performance compared to R-134a. Over the past few years, RPC detectors with slightly different characteristics and electronics have been studied using HFO and CO$_{2}$-based gas mixtures at the CERN Gamma Irradiation Facility. An aging test campaign was launched in August 2022, and during the latest test beam in July 2023, all detector systems underwent evaluation. This contribution will report the results of the aging studies and the performance evaluations of the detectors with and without irradiation.
title: A Comparative Study of the Responses of Three Highland Communities to the Disruption in the Church of Scotland in 1843
Creators: name: Dineley, Margaret Anne
Publisher: name: The Open University
Year: 2005

description: This study, positioned within the historiography of the Disruption, is responding to a recognised need for pursuing local studies in the search for explanations for reactions to the Disruption. Accepting the value of comparison and contextualisation and assuming a case study approach, it has selected three particular Highland communities in order to discover how they actually responded to the Disruption and why. Contrasting responses to the event furnished the determinant for selection, the parish being the elected geographical dimension since the relationship to a specific church and minister can be readily determined. In the attempt to discover why reactions differed the exploration of the dynamics of life in each community, the multiplicity, complexity and interplay between factors operating at this level to elicit specific responses, should likewise point to the varying applicability of broad generalisations in local contexts. To contextualise the thesis, the rationale for the study is preceded by an exploration into the historiography of the Disruption. A description of the local scenario around the time of the event ensues, followed by chapters presenting evidence concerning the environment experienced by parishioners, acknowledging the comparative aspect. The socio-economic background covers such information as population distribution, occupational profiles and domestic milieu and the cultural milieu absorbs elements such as education, language, perceived behavioural characteristics, customs and beliefs. The religious scene incorporates material on history, physical settings for worship and bodies or individuals of influence. The noteworthy themes of spirituality, revivals and ministers and their kinship networks are then given specific consideration. The study concludes with a summary of the web of factors contributing to responses to the Disruption in the three parishes and a systematic comparison of the applicability therein of the various hypotheses outlined in the introduction.
Different approaches to unveil biomolecule configurations and their mutual interactions
Creators: name: Benedetti, Rosaria
name: Bajardi, Francesco
name: Capozziello, Salvatore
name: Carafa, Vincenzo
name: Conte, Mariarosaria
name: Del Sorbo, Maria Rosaria
name: Nebbioso, Angela
name: Singh, Manjot
name: Stunnenberg, Hendrik Gerard
name: Valadan, Mohammadhassan
name: Altucci, Lucia
name: Altucci, Carlo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: A novel technique was demonstrated that overcome important drawbacks to crosslink cells by irradiation with ultrashort UV laser pulses (L-crosslinking). To use this technique coupled to Chromatin ImmunoPrecipitation (ChIP) in a high throughput context, a pre-screening fast method needs to be implemented to set up suitable irradiation conditions of the cell sample for efficient L-crosslinking with no final and long ChIP analysis. Here a fast method is reported where living human cells have been first transfected with a vector coding for Estrogen Receptor α (ERα), linked to Green Florescent protein (ERα-GFP), so that the well-known interaction between the Estrogen Receptor Elements (ERE) region of the cell DNA and the ERα protein can be detected by studying the fluorometric response of the irradiated cells. The damage induced to cells by UV irradiation is characterized by looking at DNA integrity, proteins stability and cellular viability. A second novel approach is presented to analyze or re-visit DNA and RNA sequences and their molecular configurations. This approach is based on methods derived from Chern-Simons super-gravity adapted to describe mutations in DNA/RNA strings, as well as interactions between nucleic acids. As a preliminary case we analyze the KRAS human gene sequence and some of its mutations. Interestingly, our model shows how the Chern-Simons current are capable to characterize the mutations within a sequence, in particular giving a quantitative indication of the mutation likelihood.
description: 33 pages, 5 figures
Developments in General Relativity: Black Hole Singularity and Beyond
Creators: name: Novikov, Igor D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At the 20-th Texas Symposium on Relativistic Astrophysics there was a plenary talk devoted to the recent developments in classical Relativity. In that talk the problems of gravitational collapse, collisions of black holes, and of black holes as celestial bodies were discussed. But probably the problems of the internal structure of black holes are a real great challenge. In my talk I want to outline the recent achievements in our understanding of the nature of the singularity (and beyond!) inside a realistic rotating black hole. This presentation also addresses the following questions: Can we see what happens inside a black hole? Can a falling observer cross the singularity without being crushed? An answer to these questions is probably "yes".
description: 13 pages