cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Existence and stability of relativistic fluid spheres supported by thin shells
Creators: name: Rosa, João Luís
name: Piçarra, Pedro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose two models for constant density relativistic perfect-fluid spheres supported by thin shell configurations. These models are obtained from the Schwarzschild constant density star solution: the first via the collapse of the external layers of the fluid into a thin shell by performing a matching with the exterior Schwarzschild solution at a matching radius smaller than the star radius; and the second via the creation of a vacuum bubble inside the star by matching it with an interior Minkowski spacetime. Both models are shown to satisfy both the weak and the strong energy conditions (WEC and SEC) and can have a compactness arbitrarily close to that of a black-hole without developing singularities at the center, thus being exceptions to the Buchdahl limit. We compute the stability regimes of the models proposed and we show that there are combinations of the star radius $R$ and the matching radius $R_Σ$ for which the solutions are stable, the dominant energy condition (DEC) is satisfied, and the radius of the object is smaller than $3M$, implying that these models could be used as models for dark matter or exotic compact objects.
description: 10 pages, 9 figures
Power in Sierra Leone_ Seizing the Mini-grids opportunity to achieve SDG7.pdf
Creators: name: Thoronka, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: Environmental Humanities
subject: 90703 Environmental Technologies
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The article aims to not only raise awareness about the mini-grids sector and the critical role they can play in achieving SDG7 targets by 2030 but also provide a foundation for rich knowledge and data in a transparent manner to mobilize investments and the effective utilization of the sector.
Matrix-model dualities in the collective field formulation
Creators: name: Andrić, I.
name: Jurman, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We establish a strong-weak coupling duality between two types of free matrix models. In the large-N limit, the real-symmetric matrix model is dual to the quaternionic-real matrix model. Using the large-N conformal invariant collective field formulation, the duality is displayed in terms of the generators of the conformal group. The conformally invariant master Hamiltonian is constructed and we conjecture that the master Hamiltonian corresponds to the hermitian matrix model.
Integrating small farms in agent based models
Creators: name: Roder, Norbert
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
name: Roder, Norbert
name: Kantelhardt, Jochen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Farmer attitude
subject: linear programming
subject: agent based modelling
subject: land market

description: In German agriculture structural change is mainly a result of the outmigration of smaller farms from the sector. The decisions of these farmers to leave or stay in the sector, are not based solely on financial data and market expectations. Other aspects are important such as the preservation of the cultural landscape, the continuation of the family tradition, or self-realisation. Only if these goals are adequately integrated into land use models, one can hope that the type and magnitude of reactions predicted by the model will be similar to that observed in reality. The main goal of this paper is to present a model approach that allows for the integration of non-monetary aspects into an agri-economic land use model. The approach is tested for a sample of 20 farms located in a municipality in the Bavarian Alps. The results show that the choice of the farmers’ attitude has a larger impact on results than the peculiarities of the policy scenario. This holds especially for the emerging farm structure but also for the general land use intensity.
Measurement of multi-particle cumulants in p+Au, d+Au, and 3He+Au collisions with PHENIX
Creators: name: Xu, Qiao
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: qm19
phenix
p+au
d+au
3he+au
flow
correlations
cumulant

description: Poster presented at the Quark Matter 2019 conference. Measurements of elliptic and triangular flow in the three systems that are compared with hydrodynamics calculations. These calculations provide a simultaneous quantitative description of the data in all three systems, indicating that the observed collectivity is geometric in origin.
Decoupling phenomena in supercooled liquids: Signatures in the energy landscape
Creators: name: Chakrabarti, Dwaipayan
name: Bagchi, Biman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant deviation from the Debye model of rotational diffusion in the dynamics of orientational degrees of freedom in an equimolar mixture of ellipsoids of revolution and spheres is found to begin precisely at a temperature at which the average inherent structure energy of the system starts falling with drop in temperature. We argue that this onset temperature corresponds to the emergence of the alpha-process as a distinct mode of orientational relaxation. Equally important, we find that the coupling between the rotational and translational diffusion breaks down at a still lower temperature where a sharp change occurs in the temperature dependence of the average inherent structure energy.
description: Submitted for publication
$AC(σ)$ spaces for polygonally inscribed curves
Creators: name: Al-shakarchi, Shaymaa
name: Doust, Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 46J10, Secondary 05C10, 46J45, 47B40, 26B30

description: For certain families of compact subsets of the plane, the isomorphism class of the algebra of absolutely continuous functions on a set is completely determined by the homeomorphism class of the set. This is analogous to the Gelfand--Kolmogorov theorem for $C(K)$ spaces. In this paper we define a family of compact sets comprising finite unions of convex curves and show that this family has the `Gelfand--Kolmogorov' property.
description: 17 pages. Minor corrections to version 1
Could small dairy farms in Switzerland compete with their French counterparts? A metafrontier analysis during 1990-2004
Creators: name: Ferjani, Ali
name: Latruffe, Laure
name: Ferjani, Ali
name: Latruffe, Laure
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Productivity Analysis
subject: technical efficiency
subject: technology gap
subject: Data Envelopment Analysis
subject: dairy farming
subject: Switzerland
subject: France

description: The objective of the paper is to investigate whether Swiss farms specialised in dairy (the prevailing production of the country), which are small in international standards, would have a survival potential if they had to compete more directly with EU farms. More specifically, we investigate whether Swiss dairy farms would be able to compete with their French counterparts (located in mountainous areas, but larger than Swiss ones) in a future made of increased globalisation and reduced borders. For this we evaluate which country, during the period 1990-2004, would have been more able to use efficiently a common hypothetical technology, and would have had a more productive (own) technology. Efficiency scores and technology ratios are calculated using the concept of metafrontier and the Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) approach. Results indicate that Swiss farms would have been slightly less efficient on average with respect to the common frontier, and that they had a less productive technology, the productivity gap with France being however only 5 percent. Regression results suggest that the efficiency differential and the productivity gap between Swiss farms and French farms were mainly due to larger Swiss farms with lower labour per livestock unit and higher proportion of family labour.
Sealing cap for the toothpaste enclosure with the amount of archetype expelled for children in the formation of the dental germ
Creators: name: Alles, Guilherme Augusto
name: Alves, Gabriel Soares Ledur
name: Giacomin, Alexandre
name: Souza, José De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: This paper's objective is to develop a cap for the quantity of toothpaste for expelling the index of 0.07 milligrams of fluoride ions for each milligram of its body mass per day for children under seven years. The rationale is that children younger than seven years should not regularly ingest excess fluoride because, above the indicated index, they are at serious risk of developing dental fluorosis. Being a pathology in which it arises only in childhood, more specifically in the formation of the dental germ, causing a problem for the rest of the life if not treated-causing small white patches (in the lightest cases) or brownish spots (in the most severe cases). This pathology does not cause any changes in oral health but generates a shift in color, which can cause aesthetic damage. The treatment is costly, and the most common are microabrasion and whitening. From this, we intend to develop a prototype, with polypropylene, that does not have large weights and dimensions, thus offering secure handling, transportation, and use. Also, we will study the optimal issues of brushing amounts between the child's weight and the parts per million fluorides of toothpaste.
Griechische Philosophen und ihre Lehren in syrischer Ueberlieferung
Creators: name: Baumstark, Anton
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 5 (1905): Oriens christianus, Band 5
A Haldane-Shastry spin chain of BC_N type in a constant magnetic field
Creators: name: Enciso, A.
name: Finkel, F.
name: Gonzalez-Lopez, A.
name: Rodriguez, M. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the spectrum of the trigonometric Sutherland spin model of BC_N type in the presence of a constant magnetic field. Using Polychronakos's freezing trick, we derive an exact formula for the partition function of its associated Haldane-Shastry spin chain.
description: LaTeX, 13 pages
The first online courses in Slovakia : Noah’s Ark or Titanic?
Creators: name: Pišútová, Katarína
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The purpose of this study is to investigate problems encountered by learners as they participated in the first online courses in Slovakia, analyze the problems and determine which problems are connected with Slovak cultural background, legislation and economic situation, and hence might be specific to Slovakia or the region of Central and Eastern Europe. Data were gathered in two stages. First, semi-structured interviews were conducted with students in the first pilot run of the four online courses. Students were asked about issues identified in the literature and from the experience of the researcher, and provided an opportunity to add new issues. Second, based on the analysis of the interviews a questionnaire detailing the issues that could influence the learning experience was prepared in the second stage. All 131 students who participated in one of the four online courses were asked to complete the questionnaire. For each particular issue, they were asked to indicate the level of importance and the positive/negative effects on their learning experience. Among all issues, influence of which learners in the first online courses in Slovakia evaluated most positively were flexibility of time and space for study, feedback from their tutors, time savings through flexible schedules, option to use Internet resources and technical assistance received from their tutors. Among most negative issues overall according the students were problems with English proficiency when dealing with Internet resources, problems with access and reliability of technology, feelings of isolation and lack of support from employer. After further analysis, I came up with a list of eight issues, which seem related to local technical (weak infrastructure, problems with access to technology and Internet), socio-economic (lack of motivation and skill on the part of teachers, lack of reward structure for students) and cultural circumstances (teaching style/approach problems, label of low quality on distance education courses, problems with independence and responsibility on the part of students, newness of peer collaboration, language problems with Internet content). This study has confirmed at least two reasons for developing online learning in Slovakia. It can improve quality of teaching and access to education, which is one of the major problems of Slovak educational system. Many enthusiasts in Slovakia consider online learning to be a Noah's Ark for bringing Slovak higher education to a new level. Reality indicates that this assumption is probably not true. However, the results of this study do not imply the Titanic metaphor either. My impression tends more towards a small dugout canoe, moving slowly forward, propelled by the paddling of enthusiasts pushing for change. However, since the state institutions and European Union funding bodies show increasing interest in online learning, this boat may soon get a sail.
Accurate rest frequencies of methanol maser and dark cloud lines
Creators: name: Mueller, H. S. P.
name: Menten, K. M.
name: Maeder, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report accurate laboratory measurements of selected methanol transition frequencies between 0.834 and 230 GHz in order to facilitate astronomical velocity analyses. New data have been obtained between 10 and 27 GHz and between 60 and 119 GHz. Emphasis has been put on known or potential interstellar maser lines as well as on transitions suitable for the investigation of cold dark clouds. Because of the narrow line widths (<0.5 kms-1) of maser lines and lines detected in dark molecular clouds, accurate frequencies are needed for comparison of the velocities of different methanol lines with each other as well as with lines from other species. In particular, frequencies for a comprehensive set of transitions are given which, because of their low level energies (< 20 cm-1 or 30 K) are potentially detectable in cold clouds. Global Hamiltonian fits generally do not yet yield the required accuracy. Additionally, we report transition frequencies for other lines that may be used to test and to improve existing Hamiltonian models.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, A&A, in press
High transverse momentum direct photons in p+Au collisions in PHENIX at RHIC
Creators: name: Sun, Zhandong
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: qm19
phenix
direct photon
rhic
p+au
π0
photon

description: Poster presented at the Quark Matter 2019 conference. High transverse momentum (pT) direct photons are penetrating probes in relativistic heavy ion collisions: once produced, they leave the collision region virtually unaffected, even if a hot,dense partonic medium was formed. PHENIX results are presented.
Forward Lambda Production and Nuclear Stopping Power in d+Au Collisions at RHIC
Creators: name: Simon, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the forward time projection chambers of STAR we measure the centrality dependent Lambda and Anti-Lambda yields in d+Au collisions at \sqrt{s_{NN} = 200 GeV at forward and backward rapidities. The contributions of different processes to particle production and baryon transport are probed exploiting the inherent asymmetry of the d+Au system. While the d side appears to be dominated by multiple independent nucleon-nucleon collisions, nuclear effects contribute significantly on the Au side. Using the constraint of baryon number conservation, the rapidity loss of baryons in the incoming deuteron can be estimated as a function of centrality. This is compared to a model and to similar measurements in Au+Au, which gives insights into the nuclear stopping power at relativistic energies.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, poster proceedings for the Quark Matter 2005 conference in Budapest, Hungary. To be published in Acta Physica Hungarica A - Heavy Ion Physics
Ramsey interferometry as a witness of acceleration radiation
Creators: name: Costa, Helder A. S.
name: da Paz, Irismar G.
name: Carvalho, Paulo R. S.
name: Sampaio, Marcos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We adapt a typical Ramsey interferometer by inserting a linear accelerator capable of accelerating an atom inside a single-mode cavity. We demonstrate that this simple scheme allows us to estimate the effects of acceleration radiation via interferometric visibility. By using a Rydberg-like atom, our results suggest that, for the transition regime of the order of GHz and interaction time of 1 ns, acceleration radiation effects can be observable for accelerations as low as $10^{17}$ m/s$^2$.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Optical spectroscopy of X-Mega targets in the Carina Nebula - V. The spectroscopic binary HD93161A and its visual companion HD93161B
Creators: name: Naze, Y.
name: Antokhin, I. I.
name: Sana, H.
name: Gosset, E.
name: Rauw, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analysis of an extensive set of high resolution spectroscopic observations of HD93161, a visual binary with a separation of 2 arcsec. HD93161 A is a spectroscopic binary, with both components clearly detected throughout the orbit. The primary star is most probably of spectral type O8V, while the secondary is likely an O9V. We obtain the first orbital solution for this system, characterized by a period of 8.566\pm0.004 days. The minimum masses of the primary and secondary stars are 22.2\pm0.6 M_sol and 17.0\pm0.4 M_sol respectively. These values are quite large, suggesting a high inclination of the orbit. The second object, HD93161 B, displays an O6.5V((f)) spectral type and is thus slightly hotter than its neighbour. This star is at first sight single but presents radial velocity variations. We finally study HD93161 in the X-ray domain. No significant variability is detected. The X-ray spectrum is well described by a 2T model with kT_1~0.3keV and kT_2~0.7keV. The X-ray luminosity is rather moderate, without any large emission excess imputable to a wind interaction.
description: 12 pages, 6 figures, accepted by MNRAS, also available from http://vela.astro.ulg.ac.be/Preprints/P100/index.html
'Pi State' Induced by Impurities with a Repulsive Interaction
Creators: name: Litak, Grzegorz
name: Krawiec, Mariusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the properties of a quantum impurity embedded in a superconducting host. The superconductor is described by the negative U Hubbard model while the impurity introduces a repulsive interaction to the system. We discuss the influence of this `on-impurity' Coulomb repulsion on the local properties (density of states, electron pairing) of the superconductor. We show the condition of pi - like behaviour, defined as two subsystems having a phase difference of pi, in the system by using a proper combination of attractive pairing interaction and repulsive one located at impurity site.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, to be published in Physica Status Solidi B
The averaged tensors of the relative energy-momentum and angular momentum in general relativity and some their applications
Creators: name: Garecki, Janusz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist at least a few different kind of averaging of the differences of the energy-momentum and angular momentum in normal coordinates {\bf NC(P)} which give tensorial quantities. The obtained averaged quantities are equivalent mathematically because they differ only by constant scalar dimensional factors. One of these averaging was used in our papers [1-8] giving the {\it canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors}. In this paper we present another averaging of the differences of the energy-momentum and angular momentum which gives tensorial quantities with proper dimensions of the energy-momentum and angular momentum densities. But these averaged relative energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors, closely related to the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors, {\it depend on some fundamental length $L>0$}. The averaged relative energy-momentum and angular momentum tensors of the gravitational field obtained in the paper can be applied, like the canonical superenergy and angular supermomentum tensors, to {\it coordinate independent} analysis (local and in special cases also global) of this field. We have applied the averaged relative energy-momentum tensors to analyze vacuum gravitational energy and momentum and to analyze energy and momentum of the Friedman (and also more general) universes. The obtained results are very interesting, e.g., the averaged relative energy density is {\it positive definite} for the all Friedman universes.
description: 30 pages, minor changes referring to Kasner universes
Minería y economía de los hogares en la sierra peruana: impactos y espacios de conflicto
Creators: name: Zegarra Mendez, Eduardo
name: Orihuela, Jose Carlos
name: Paredes, Maritza
name: Zegarra Mendez, Eduardo
name: Orihuela, Jose Carlos
name: Paredes, Maritza
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Industrial Organization
subject: Minería
subject: Ingresos de hogares
subject: Conflictos sociales
subject: Sierra
subject: Perú
subject: Mining
subject: Household income
subject: Social conflicts
subject: Highland
subject: Peru

description: Este estudio es una exploración cuantitativa del impacto de la actividad minero-metálica en los hogares de la sierra peruana, en el que hemos empleado métodos estándares de evaluación de impactos. Sobre la base de datos de la ENAHO 2003/04, realizamos un análisis separado por hogares rurales y urbanos. Encontramos una asociación positiva entre la minería y los ingresos y gastos de las familias urbanas, pero no de las familias rurales. En este último caso, sin embargo, sí encontramos evidencia de una menor tasa de pobreza relacionada con la presencia minera. Además, hallamos correlaciones negativas entre minería y acceso a servicios de agua y desagüe y una mayor incidencia potencial de enfermedades crónicas y agudas, especialmente en los hogares urbanos. Este conjunto de hallazgos caracterizan lo que llamamos un “espacio objetivo” de potenciales conflictos entre la minería y su entorno, el cual en nuestra opinión no ha sido enfrentado adecuadamente por las actuales políticas, normas e institucionalidad públicas de promoción de la inversión minera en el Perú. Al respecto planteamos algunas recomendaciones.
Review of Heavy Quark Physics - theory
Creators: name: Ali, Ahmed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent progress in the theory of B-meson decays is reviewed with emphasis on the aspects related to the B-factory data.
description: 15 pages; Invited Plenary Talk at the 32nd International Conference on High Energy Physics (ICHEP'04), Beijing, China, Aug. 16-22, 2004
Leveraging the Sweet Spot Renewables has to Offer_ A Time to End Fossil Fuel Dependency.
Creators: name: Thoronka, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120501 Community Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 90703 Environmental Technologies
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: 160514 Urban Policy
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: 160512 Social Policy

description: Renewables are no more an “Alternative power source” as they are becoming the major source of electricity around the globe. They accounted for over 40% of the global growth in primary energy in 2018-2019 which is larger than any other fuel. As a result, renewables increased its share in the energy mix from 4.5% in 2018 to 5% in 2019. Now all signs point to this proportion continuing to grow, but since the inception of COVID-19, we have witnessed the unleashing of an unprecedented global economic dilemma, resulting in a terra incognita for countries and most sectors, but few more so than the rapidly transitioning energy sector. The renewable energy transition is faced with the challenges of disruption in the renewable supply chain, down-fall in oil price, and the economic impact of COVID-19. What emerging technologies should be considered to help mankind balance economic growth, affordable energy access and GHG? How will the global south champion the transition process during and Post COVID-19 (As many governments tend to go for cheap oil)? How can states divest from fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) during this economic meltdown in order to achieve the objectives set out in the Paris Agreement? How soon could we achieve this? This article highlight the benefit of shifting to renewables
Leveraging the Sweet Spot Renewables has to Offer_ A Time to End Fossil Fuel Dependency.pdf
Creators: name: Thoronka, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 120501 Community Planning
subject: FOS: Social and economic geography
subject: 120302 Design Innovation
subject: FOS: Arts (arts, history of arts, performing arts, music)
subject: 50204 Environmental Impact Assessment
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 160507 Environment Policy
subject: FOS: Political science
subject: 90703 Environmental Technologies
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: 160514 Urban Policy
subject: 160510 Public Policy
subject: 160512 Social Policy

description: Renewables are no more an “Alternative power source” as they are becoming the major source of electricity around the globe. They accounted for over 40% of the global growth in primary energy in 2018-2019 which is larger than any other fuel. As a result, renewables increased its share in the energy mix from 4.5% in 2018 to 5% in 2019. Now all signs point to this proportion continuing to grow, but since the inception of COVID-19, we have witnessed the unleashing of an unprecedented global economic dilemma, resulting in a terra incognita for countries and most sectors, but few more so than the rapidly transitioning energy sector. The renewable energy transition is faced with the challenges of disruption in the renewable supply chain, down-fall in oil price, and the economic impact of COVID-19. What emerging technologies should be considered to help mankind balance economic growth, affordable energy access and GHG? How will the global south champion the transition process during and Post COVID-19 (As many governments tend to go for cheap oil)? How can states divest from fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) during this economic meltdown in order to achieve the objectives set out in the Paris Agreement? How soon could we achieve this? This article highlight the benefit of shifting to renewables
Results on FD, CWV, and CWM from 2004 to 2017 in the Barents Sea from Increased functional diversity warns of ecological transition in the Arctic
Creators: name: Frainer, André
name: Primicerio, Raul
name: Dolgov, Andrey
name: Fossheim, Maria
name: Johannesen, Edda
name: Lind, Sigrid
name: Aschan, Michaela
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: This file containes detailed results from the analyses of functional diveristy and community-weighted mean trait values for the entire Barents Sea, from 2004 to 2017.
Some aspects of hydrogen, nitrogen and oxygen metabolism by heterocysts isolated from Anabaena sp. strain CA-V
Creators: name: Smith, Russell Lamar
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1984
Subjects: subject: Nitrogen-fixing algae
subject: Microbial metabolism
subject: Heterocysts
subject: Anabaena
subject: Hydrogen production
subject: Acetylene reduction
subject: Nitrogen-fixing algae
subject: Microbial metabolism

description: Metabolically active heterocysts were isolated from Anabaena sp. strain CA-V and showed high acetylene reduction and hydrogen evolution rates. Hydrogen production in the heterocysts exhibited biphasic kinetics consisting of a short intense one-two minute burst of hydrogen production upon illumination followed by a steady state rate of hydrogen evolution. The presence of 100 nM NiCl₂-6H₂O in the growth medium exerted an effect on both hydrogen production and acetylene reduction in heterocysts: hydrogen-stimulated acetylene reduction was increased from 41 to 75 μl C₂H₄ per mg dry wt per hour (1.8 to 3.3 μmol per mg dry wt per hour) and net hydrogen production under 1%CO₂-99% N₂ in the light was abolished. A light-dependent, nickel-stimulated hydrogen uptake was also observed in heterocysts isolated from cultures grown in the presence of 100 nM NiCl₂-6H₂O . When whole filaments were incubated with 100 nM ⁶³Ni, radioactivity was found in isolated heterocysts at levels about six times greater than in vegetative cells. In whole filaments as well as heterocysts under 1%CO₂-99%Ar, ethylene production rates approached a 1:1 ratio with hydrogen production. Hydrogen producing cells under an atmosphere of 1%CO₂-99%N₂ immediately increased their hydrogen production rates at least four-fold when sparged for two minutes with 1%CO₂-99%Ar. If the cells contained nickel, a much smaller, non-sustainable burst of hydrogen production was apparent before production ceased and uptake began. Isolated heterocysts were also shown to have an active oxygen uptake metabolism, 55 μl O₂ per mg dry wt per hour (2.5 μmol per mg dry wt per hour) in the light and 40 μl O₂ per mg dry wt per hour (1.8 μmol per mg dry wt per hour) in the dark, when purposely brought to air O₂ levels. These O₂ uptake rates are 4-5 times the respiratory rate of whole filaments and are, therefore, difficult to reconcile with the view that heterocysts are largely impermeable to O₂
Abstract of BIOMED2020
Creators: name: Editor Maia Maka Mantskava
name: Editor Nana Momtselidze
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Anesthesiology
subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 60804 Animal Immunology
subject: 60802 Animal Cell and Molecular Biology
subject: 60501 Bacteriology
subject: Biological Engineering
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Techniques

description: Data and discussions about new and latest research in the field of modern biomedicine. These and other reports were presented at the International Multidisciplinary Conference on Biomedicine BIOMED2020, Shekvetiki, Georgia.
Indicator Sensor for correction of the amplitude of Leg Press Exercise
Creators: name: Estácio, Bruno Eduardo
name: Reichert, Norman Luis Junges
name: Giacomin, Alexandre
name: Galbarino, Fernando
name: Souza, José De
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mechanical Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Press exercise for bodybuilders. The theoretical reference starts from the study of books and articles of kinesiology and biomechanics of the movement, and the consultation of professionals of the area. It's classified as a technological research who started as a bibliographic study and later on, in an exploratory manner, became a field research to verify the viability of the prototype. It was possible to build the desired prototype that met the necessary project requirements to be validated.
Modeling adult skeletal stem cell response to laser-machined topographies through deep learning
Creators: name: Mackay, Benita S.
name: Praeger, Matthew
name: Grant-Jacob, James A.
name: Kanczler, Janos
name: Eason, Robert W.
name: Oreffo, Richard O. C.
name: Mills, Ben
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The response of adult human bone marrow stromal stem cells to surface topographies generated through femtosecond laser machining can be predicted by a deep neural network. The network is capable of predicting cell response to a statistically significant level, including positioning predictions with a probability P < 0.001, and therefore can be used as a model to determine the minimum line separation required for cell alignment, with implications for tissue structure development and tissue engineering. The application of a deep neural network, as a model, reduces the amount of experimental cell culture required to develop an enhanced understanding of cell behavior to topographical cues and, critically, provides rapid prediction of the effects of novel surface structures on tissue fabrication and cell signaling.
description: Article accepted for publication in Tissue & Cell (ISSN 0040-8166) 11th Sep 2020
Ethics and International Debt: A View from Feminist Economics
Creators: name: Nelson, Julie A.
name: Nelson, Julie A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Food Security and Poverty
International Development
International Relations/Trade

description: Feminist scholars examine not only the gendered impacts of development programs whose design has been influenced by disciplines such as economics, but also the gendered biases that permeate the models and methods of the disciplines themselves. This essay draws on aspects of feminist critiques of economics, philosophy, psychology, law, and finance to analyze the way in which international debt is discussed. Feminist critiques raise serious questions about the rational choice framework that often undergirds scholarly discussions of “agents,” “contract,” “ethics,” and “capital and debt.”
Power in Sierra Leone_ Seizing the Mini-grids opportunity to achieve SDG7
Creators: name: Thoronka, Jeremiah
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 150304 Entrepreneurship
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 90608 Renewable Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Solar Cells)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: 90607 Power and Energy Systems Engineering (excl. Renewable Power)
subject: Environmental Humanities
subject: 90703 Environmental Technologies
subject: FOS: Environmental engineering

description: The article aims to not only raise awareness about the mini-grids sector and the critical role they can play in achieving SDG7 targets by 2030 but also provide a foundation for rich knowledge and data in a transparent manner to mobilize investments and the effective utilization of the sector.
Discreteness of Space from GUP in Strong Gravitational Fields
Creators: name: Das, Ashmita
name: Das, Saurya
name: Vagenas, Elias C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A large class of quantum theories of gravity show that the Heisenberg's uncertainty principle is modified to the "Generalised Uncertainty Principle" (GUP) near the Planckian scale. It has also been shown that the GUP induces perturbative corrections to all quantum mechanical Hamiltonians, even at low energies, and thereby introduces Planck scale corrections to the Schrödinger equation and to the relativistic quantum mechanical equations. Some of these corrections give rise to potentially measurable effects in the low-energy laboratory. Another prediction of these corrections is that a measured length must be quantized, as seen by studying the solutions of the GUP modified Schrödinger, Klein-Gordon, and Dirac equations in a one, two, and three dimensional box. This result was subsequently extended to spacetimes with weak gravitational fields. In this work, we further extend this length quantization to spacetimes with strong gravitational fields and show that this result continues to hold, thereby showing that it is robust.
description: 14 pages, accepted in Physics Letters B, published version with minor corrections
Pico Hydro for power generation with Small-scale hydroplants
Creators: name: Luz, Roberta Da
name: Rocha, Taylor Antunes Gomes Da
name: Souza, José De
name: Risso, Alfonso
name: Rossini, Elton Gimenez
name: Beluco, Alexandre
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 91305 Energy Generation, Conversion and Storage Engineering
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Pico Hydro is a concept used for small-scale hydroplants for power generation under 5 kW. Small turbines of 200 to 300 W can supply a specific demand, such as a lamp, circuit, sensor, and others aplications. Pico Hydro generally occur in the flow, without the presence of a reservoir. Pipes divert the flow directly to a small turbine before being exhausted. This paper is the projection of a system to capture rainwater for the generation of electric power in small devices, consumable questioning – if your income. It is a system of great importance, as well as take advantage of a natural phenomenon, will be generating clean energy that can be reused on another device. The Project was based on a study of Turbine Michell – Banki, which turns water motion into mechanical work. The system was developed in three stages: theoretical calculations, the mounting system (simplified), and practical tests with water and the electronics part. The estimates were prepared with a theoretical basis in commercial product catalogs, enabling a functional simulation with the real prototype, but with a focus on the electrical system, eliminating the presence of water. The set is not yet able to provide useful energy volumes in small devices, showing relatively low yield. The individuality of the analyzed system undermines the results, which can be elevated with the multiplication of generators and capacitors, depending on the demand for energy needed to fuel a specific device.
Living High on the Hog: Factory Farms, Federal Policy, and the Structural Transformation of Swine Production
Creators: name: Starmer, Elanor
name: Wise, Timothy A.
name: Starmer, Elanor
name: Wise, Timothy A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy
Agricultural Finance
Crop Production/Industries
Demand and Price Analysis
Environmental Economics and Policy
Farm Management
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Industrial Organization
Livestock Production/Industries
Production Economics

description: U.S. farm policy reforms in 1996 produced significant overproduction of supported crops, with prices falling to levels that were often below average farm production costs. Among the beneficiaries of the policy shift were the largest corporate purchasers of supported crops, as they saw a steady supply of low-priced inputs. Industrial livestock firms were among the most significant buyers of U.S. corn and soybeans, the main components of livestock feed. Filling an important gap in the literature, this paper estimates the savings to industrial hog operations between 1997 and 2005 from feed components priced at levels below their production costs. The savings are found to be significant. We also find that industrial hog companies benefited from weak federal regulation of environmental pollution from livestock operations. We estimate the costs to industrial hog firms of compliance with new environmental regulations regarding mitigation of surface-water contamination from excess manure concentrations. This cost is also found to be significant. We assess the implications of these findings for the continued consolidation and industrialization of the industry. We find that mid-sized diversified farms that grow their own feed may well be able to compete on cost with large-scale industrial operations if the latter pay full cost for their feed and have to pay for just one part of their externalized pollution costs.
The Politics of Patents and Drugs in Brazil and Mexico: The Industrial Bases of Health Activism
Creators: name: Shadlen, Ken
name: Shadlen, Ken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Health Economics and Policy
Industrial Organization
Institutional and Behavioral Economics
Political Economy
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: This paper analyzes the politics of intellectual property (IP) and public health in Brazil and Mexico. Both countries introduced pharmaceutical patents in the 1990s, to comply with their international obligations. Indeed, both countries’ IP systems were markedly similar in being favorable to the interests of the transnational, innovation-based pharmaceutical sector. Yet since the late 1990s the two countries have diverged in dramatic fashion. In Brazil the response to the high price of drugs and societal demands to reform the IP system has been to make obtaining private ownership over knowledge more difficult and to increase the rights of third parties to access and use knowledge. In Mexico, the response to similar demands has been to raise impediments to third parties’ rights of access and use and effectively extend the periods of protection granted to patent-owners. To explain these differences the paper adopts a political economy approach, analyzing the nature of actors pushing for IP reform and subsequent patterns of alliance formation and political mobilization. In both countries, drug patents, escalating prices, and limited access led to backlash against the IP system, but the two countries demonstrate marked variation in the presence of powerful alliance partners to lend their support to activists clamoring for change. In Brazil, the combination of a strong, interested, and active Ministry of Health and a more autonomous local pharmaceutical sector created a propitious environment for initiatives to reform the IP system. In Mexico, the subordination of the Secretariat of Health and fundamental transformations of the local industrial sector meant that calls to reform the IP system were not well-received. Instead, the reform project in Mexico became commandeered by IP owners and ultimately had the perverse effect of reinforcing and strengthening the system that was being challenged. The paper concludes by underscoring the importance of pharmaceutical industries for development. The findings suggest that the existence of independent pharmaceutical sectors may not just be beneficial for industrial development, but also for promoting public health and pursuing humanitarian goals. The basis of this conclusion is that the key variable in explaining efforts to reform patent systems to increase access to drugs is the presence of an autonomous, national pharmaceutical industry that is available as an alliance partner for those pushing for such reforms. Thus, the key to IP-for-humanitarianism is maintenance of some degree of IP-for-industrialization.
Simulating turbulent mixing caused by local instability of internal gravity waves
Creators: name: Onuki, Y.
name: Joubaud, S.
name: Dauxois, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: With the aim of assessing internal wave-driven mixing in the ocean, we develop a new technique for direct numerical simulations of stratified turbulence. Since the spatial scale of oceanic internal gravity waves is typically much larger than that of turbulence, fully incorporating both in a model would require a high computational cost, and is therefore out of our scope. Alternatively, we cut out a small domain periodically distorted by an unresolved large-scale internal wave and locally simulate the energy cascade to the smallest scales. In this model, even though the Froude number of the outer wave, $Fr$, is small such that density overturn or shear instability does not occur, a striped pattern of disturbance is exponentially amplified through a parametric subharmonic instability. When the disturbance amplitude grows sufficiently large, secondary instabilities arise and produce much smaller-scale fluctuations. Passing through these two stages, wave energy is transferred into turbulence energy and will be eventually dissipated. Different from the conventional scenarios of vertical shear-induced instabilities, a large part of turbulent potential energy is supplied from the outer wave and directly used for mixing. The mixing coefficient $Γ=ε_P/ε$, where $ε$ is the dissipation rate of kinetic energy and $ε_P$ is that of available potential energy, is always greater than 0.5 and tends to increase with $Fr$. Although our results are mostly consistent with the recently proposed scaling relationship between $Γ$ and the turbulent Froude number, $Fr_t$, the values of $Γ$ obtained here are larger by a factor of about two than previously reported.