Sigmuncus Holloway 1985
Creators: name: Qi, Feng
name: Wang, Ke
name: Xue, Dayong
name: Yang, Ding
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Noctuidae
Sigmuncus

description: Genus Sigmuncus Holloway, 1985
Sigmuncus Holloway, 1985, Malay. Nat. J., 38: 283. Type-species: Sigmuncus albigrisea (Warren, 1914), by original designation.
Diagnosis. This genus resembles Lophoptera, but differs by having the specialized male genitalia: the uncus is spearhead-shaped or bended, but that of Lophoptera is long, sometimes expanded or upfurled apically; the tegumen is wide and nearly rounded, but that of Lophoptera is triangular; the valva is constricted centrally, but not so much as in Lophoptera.
Description. Head. Distance between compound eyes equal to eye diameter. Frons greyish-brown, convex. Male and female antennae brown, filiform. Labial palpus extended beyond frons, brown. Thorax. Patagia and tegulae yellowish-brown; patagia longer than half of mesothorax. Legs greyish-yellow, segments ends grey. Wing shape and venation. Forewing triangular and elongate; base of costal margin slightly arched; outer margin slightly wavy; anal margin slightly incurved centrally. Hindwing wide, apex and tornus rounded, costal and anal margin straight, outer margin arch-like, slightly incurved between M veins. Forewing venation: R1 and R2 anastomosing for a short distance and formed an areole; R3, R4 and R5 stalked and diverging from upper angle of cell, R3-5 and R2 anastomosing at a point and formed an areole before upper angle of cell; R5 diverging from upper angle of the second areole; R3 and R4 separate after terminal one third of stalk; M2 and M3 diverging from lower angle of cell, CuA1 diverging before lower angle of cell. Hindwing venation: Rs and M1 diverging from upper angle of cell; M2, M3 and CuA1 diverging from lower angle of cell (Fig. 10 and 11). Wing-pattern. Antemedial line of forewing brown, wavy; filled with blackish-brown anteriorly; area between antemedial line and medial line sometimes blackish-brown above CuA2; medial line blackish-brown, wavy; reniform ringed with brown; postmedial line brown, double, wavy; a blackish-brown patch placed on costal margin between postmedial line and submarginal line; submarginal line grey, wavy; terminal line black, interrupted on vein ends; fringes blackish-brown basally, greyish-brown terminally. Hindwing greyish-brown, basal half hardly transparent, veins blackish-brown. Abdomen. Greyish-brown, segments ends black. The third segment sometimes with dorsal crest. Male genitalia. Apex of uncus spearheadshaped or bended terminally, sometimes with dense hairs centrally, base of uncus sometimes wide. Gnathos short, connected at middle, forming a small round process at base of uncus. Tegumen wide, nearly round. Valva wide, constricted centrally, sometimes extremely constricted (S. albigrisea (Warren, 1914)), rounded apically; costa with short, slightly bended process. Saccus inverted triangular. Aedeagus short. Female genitalia. Ovipositor short and wide, with thick hairs. Apophyses posteriores long and narrow, apophyses anteriores short. Ostium occasionally with a transversal fold posteriorly. Ductus bursae long and narrow. Signum round, composed of short spines.
Distribution. Oriental and Australian regions.
Remarks. We did not find any specimens from China of this genus in collections. Two species listed below are reported according to the records of Heppner & Inoue (1992) and Ades & Kendrick (2004). The descriptions and diagnosis follow Hampson (1912) and Holloway (1985).
description: Published as part of Qi, Feng, Wang, Ke, Xue, Dayong & Yang, Ding, 2011, A taxonomic revision of the Stictopterinae (Lepidoptera, Noctuoidea, Noctuidae) in China, pp. 1-45 in Zootaxa 2926 on pages 28-29, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.205935