cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Broadband Dual-Comb Spectroscopy in the Spectral Fingerprint Region
Creators: name: Kara, O.
name: Maidment, L.
name: Gardiner, T.
name: Schunemann, P. G.
name: Reid, D. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared spectroscopy in the spectral fingerprint region from 6-12 um accesses the largest molecular absorption cross-sections, permitting sensitive, quantitative and species-specific measurements. Here, we show how dual-comb spectroscopy--a form of high-speed Fourier-transform spectroscopy involving no moving parts and capable of very high resolutions--can be extended to the 6-8um wavelength band using femtosecond optical parametric oscillators (OPOs). By acquiring dual-comb interferograms faster than the mutual decoherence time of the OPO combs we implement line-shape-preserving averaging to obtain low-noise, high-fidelity spectra of H2O and CH4 at approximately 0.3 cm-1 resolutions from 1285-1585 cm-1.
MOESM5 of Continuous salt stress-induced long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation patterns in soybean roots
Creators: name: Chen, Rui
name: Li, Ming
name: Zhang, Huiyuan
name: Duan, Lijin
name: Sun, Xianjun
name: Jiang, Qiyan
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Hu, Zheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 5: Figure S5. Experimental validation of 22 randomly chosen lincRNAs that came from repetitive regions by reverse transcription PCR.
Estimation under group actions: recovering orbits from invariants
Creators: name: Bandeira, Afonso S.
name: Blum-Smith, Ben
name: Kileel, Joe
name: Perry, Amelia
name: Niles-Weed, Jonathan
name: Wein, Alexander S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62F10, 92C55, 16W22

description: We study a class of orbit recovery problems in which we observe independent copies of an unknown element of $\mathbb{R}^p$, each linearly acted upon by a random element of some group (such as $\mathbb{Z}/p$ or $\mathrm{SO}(3)$) and then corrupted by additive Gaussian noise. We prove matching upper and lower bounds on the number of samples required to approximately recover the group orbit of this unknown element with high probability. These bounds, based on quantitative techniques in invariant theory, give a precise correspondence between the statistical difficulty of the estimation problem and algebraic properties of the group. Furthermore, we give computer-assisted procedures to certify these properties that are computationally efficient in many cases of interest. The model is motivated by geometric problems in signal processing, computer vision, and structural biology, and applies to the reconstruction problem in cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM), a problem of significant practical interest. Our results allow us to verify (for a given problem size) that if cryo-EM images are corrupted by noise with variance $σ^2$, the number of images required to recover the molecule structure scales as $σ^6$. We match this bound with a novel (albeit computationally expensive) algorithm for ab initio reconstruction in cryo-EM, based on invariant features of degree at most 3. We further discuss how to recover multiple molecular structures from mixed (or heterogeneous) cryo-EM samples.
description: 81 pages. Minor revisions since previous version, reflecting peer review feedback. To be published in Applied and Computational Harmonic Analysis
Neubestimmung der Silexrohmaterialien aus der endneolithischen Seeufersiedlung Bodman-Weiler II (Lkr. Konstanz)
Creators: name: Kaiser, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
Year: 2019

description: -
description: Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg, Bd. 36 (2016): Fundberichte aus Baden-Württemberg
GOODS-Herschel:dust attenuation properties of UV selected high redshift galaxies
Creators: name: Buat, V.
name: Noll, S.
name: Burgarella, D.
name: Giovannoli, E.
name: Charmandaris, V.
name: Pannella, M.
name: Hwang, H. S.
name: Elbaz, D.
name: Dickinson, M.
name: Magdis, G.
name: Reddy, N.
name: Murphy, E. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study dust attenuation at UV wavelengths at high redshift, where the UV is redshifted to the observed visible. In particular, we search for a UV bump and related implications for dust attenuation determinations. We use data in the CDFS, obtained in intermediate and broad band filters by the MUSYC project, to sample the UV rest-frame of 751 galaxies with 0.95
description: 15 pages, 18 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Eigenvalues of random lifts and polynomials of random permutation matrices
Creators: name: Bordenave, Charles
name: Collins, Benoît
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Consider a finite sequence of independent random permutations, chosen uniformly either among all permutations or among all matchings on n points. We show that, in probability, as n goes to infinity, these permutations viewed as operators on the (n-1) dimensional vector space orthogonal to the vector with all coordinates equal to 1, are asymptotically strongly free. Our proof relies on the development of a matrix version of the non-backtracking operator theory and a refined trace method. As a byproduct, we show that the non-trivial eigenvalues of random n-lifts of a fixed based graphs approximately achieve the Alon-Boppana bound with high probability in the large n limit. This result generalizes Friedman's Theorem stating that with high probability, the Schreier graph generated by a finite number of independent random permutations is close to Ramanujan. Finally, we extend our results to tensor products of random permutation matrices. This extension is especially relevant in the context of quantum expanders.
description: typos corrected and clarified proof of Theorem 2
Bayesian inference of T Tauri star properties using multi-wavelength survey photometry
Creators: name: Barentsen, Geert
name: Vink, Jorick S.
name: Drew, Janet E.
name: Sale, Stuart E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are many pertinent open issues in the area of star and planet formation. Large statistical samples of young stars across star-forming regions are needed to trigger a breakthrough in our understanding, but most optical studies are based on a wide variety of spectrographs and analysis methods, which introduces large biases. Here we show how graphical Bayesian networks can be employed to construct a hierarchical probabilistic model which allows pre-main sequence ages, masses, accretion rates, and extinctions to be estimated using two widely available photometric survey databases (IPHAS r/i/Halpha and 2MASS J-band magnitudes.) Because our approach does not rely on spectroscopy, it can easily be applied to homogeneously study the large number of clusters for which Gaia will yield membership lists. We explain how the analysis is carried out using the Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method and provide Python source code. We then demonstrate its use on 587 known low-mass members of the star-forming region NGC 2264 (Cone Nebula), arriving at a median age of 3.0 Myr, an accretion fraction of 20+/-2% and a median accretion rate of 10^-8.4 Msol/yr. The Bayesian analysis formulated in this work delivers results which are in agreement with spectroscopic studies already in the literature, but achieves this with great efficiency by depending only on photometry. It is a significant step forward from previous photometric studies, because the probabilistic approach ensures that nuisance parameters, such as extinction and distance, are fully included in the analysis with a clear picture on any degeneracies.
description: 17 pages & 14 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Hall effect in accretion flows
Creators: name: Braiding, Catherine
name: Wardle, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic diffusion in accretion flows changes the structure and angular momentum of the accreting material. We present two power law similarity solutions for flattened accretion flows in the presence of magnetic diffusion: a secularly-evolving Keplerian disc and a magnetically-diluted free fall onto the central object. The influence of Hall diffusion on the solutions is evident even when this is small compared to ambipolar and Ohmic diffusion, as the surface density, accretion rate and angular momentum in the flow all depend upon the product η_H(B.Ω), and the inclusion of Hall diffusion may be the solution to the magnetic braking catastrophe of star formation simulations.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, submitted to MNRAS
Halfway New Cardinal Characteristics
Creators: name: Brendle, Jörg
name: Halbeisen, Lorenz J.
name: Klausner, Lukas Daniel
name: Lischka, Marc
name: Shelah, Saharon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Logic (math.LO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 03E17 (Primary) 03E35, 03E40 (Secondary)

description: Based on the well-known cardinal characteristics $\mathfrak{s}$, $\mathfrak{r}$ and $\mathfrak{i}$, we introduce nine related cardinal characteristics by using the notion of asymptotic density to characterise different intersection properties of infinite sets. We prove several bounds and consistency results, e. g. the consistency of $\mathfrak{s} < \mathfrak{s}_{1/2}$, as well as several results about possible values of $\mathfrak{i}_{1/2}$.
description: 37 pages, 2 figures
title: High-Temperature Raman Spectroscopy of Nano-Crystalline Carbon in Silicon Oxycarbide
Creators: name: Rosenburg, Felix
name: Ionescu, Emanuel
name: Nicoloso, Norbert
name: Riedel, Ralf
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2023

description: The microstructure of segregated carbon in silicon oxycarbide (SiOC), hot-pressed at T = 1600 °C and p = 50 MPa, has been investigated by VIS Raman spectroscopy (λ = 514 nm) within the temperature range 25–1000 °C in air. The occurrence of the G, D’ and D bands at 1590, 1620 and 1350 cm⁻¹, together with a lateral crystal size La < 10 nm and an average distance between lattice defects LD ≈ 8 nm, provides evidence that carbon exists as nano-crystalline phase in SiOC containing 11 and 17 vol % carbon. Both samples show a linear red shift of the G band up to the highest temperature applied, which is in agreement with the description of the anharmonic contribution to the lattice potential by the modified Tersoff potential. The temperature coefficient χG = −0.024 ± 0.001 cm⁻¹/°C is close to that of disordered carbon, e.g., carbon nanowalls or commercial activated graphite. The line width of the G band is independent of temperature with FWHM-values of 35 cm⁻¹ (C-11) and 45 cm⁻¹ (C-17), suggesting that scattering with defects and impurities outweighs the phonon-phonon and phonon-electron interactions. Analysis of the Raman line intensities indicates vacancies as dominating defects.
SMART: An Open Source Data Labeling Platform for Supervised Learning
Creators: name: Chew, Rob
name: Wenger, Michael
name: Kery, Caroline
name: Nance, Jason
name: Richards, Keith
name: Hadley, Emily
name: Baumgartner, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: SMART is an open source web application designed to help data scientists and research teams efficiently build labeled training data sets for supervised machine learning tasks. SMART provides users with an intuitive interface for creating labeled data sets, supports active learning to help reduce the required amount of labeled data, and incorporates inter-rater reliability statistics to provide insight into label quality. SMART is designed to be platform agnostic and easily deployable to meet the needs of as many different research teams as possible. The project website contains links to the code repository and extensive user documentation.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
A Symmetric Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Bossi, Hannah
name: Chakdar, Shreyashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: After the discovery of a SM-like scalar state with mass of 125 GeV in 2012, the electroweak sector demands to be studied with all possible theoretical and experimental efforts. In this work we present a symmetric two Higgs doublet model with a discrete interchange symmetry between the two Higgs doublets ($Φ_1$ $\leftrightarrow$ $Φ_2$). Apart from the SM-like scalar state (h) with $m_h = 125 $ GeV, the model has several distinguishing features including the pseudoscalar (A), the charged scalars($H^\pm$) and the neutral scalar H, which do not have any direct coupling to fermions. The neutral scalar $H$ can have mass lighter than the 125 GeV SM-like Higgs state $h$. Due to the presence of a residual $Z_2$ symmetry after the Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (SSB), the neutral scalar $H$ emerges as the Dark Matter candidate in this scenario. As an effect of this possibility, the SM-like scalar $h$ will have an extra invisible decay mode of $h \rightarrow H H$ in this framework. We propose the model and discuss some of the interesting features with a guideline of possible phenomenological searches at the LHC present in this scenario.
description: 17 pages, 2 figures
Willi Erzgräber (Hrsg.), Kontinuität und Transformation der Antike im Mittelalter. Veröffentlichung der Kongreßakten zum Freiburger Symposium des Mediävistenverbandes, 1989
Creators: name: Pastré, Jean-Marc
Publisher: name: Francia
Year: 2018

description: -
description: Francia, Bd. 18, Nr. 1 (1991)
Interference of Clocks: A Quantum Twin Paradox
Creators: name: Loriani, Sina
name: Friedrich, Alexander
name: Ufrecht, Christian
name: Di Pumpo, Fabio
name: Kleinert, Stephan
name: Abend, Sven
name: Gaaloul, Naceur
name: Meiners, Christian
name: Schubert, Christian
name: Tell, Dorothee
name: Wodey, Étienne
name: Zych, Magdalena
name: Ertmer, Wolfgang
name: Roura, Albert
name: Schlippert, Dennis
name: Schleich, Wolfgang P.
name: Rasel, Ernst M.
name: Giese, Enno
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase of matter waves depends on proper time and is therefore susceptible to special-relativistic (kinematic) and gravitational (redshift) time dilation. Hence, it is conceivable that atom interferometers measure general-relativistic time-dilation effects. In contrast to this intuition, we show: (i.) Closed light-pulse interferometers without clock transitions during the pulse sequence are not sensitive to gravitational time dilation in a linear potential. (ii.) They can constitute a quantum version of the special-relativistic twin paradox. (iii.) Our proposed experimental geometry for a quantum-clock interferometer isolates this effect.
description: 11 Pages, 3 Figures
Une nouvelle mesure pour l'évaluation des méthodes de détection de communautés
Creators: name: Labatut, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Community detection can be considered as a variant of cluster analysis applied to complex networks. For this reason, all existing studies have been using tools derived from this field when evaluating community detection algorithms. However, those are not completely relevant in the context of network analysis, because they ignore a part of the available information, and can therefore lead to incorrect interpretations. In this article, we illustrate this limitation, and propose a solution by modifying an existing measure. We then apply it to realistic community-structured networks, in order to perform a first evaluation.---La détection de communautés dans un réseau complexe est une tâche que l'on peut rapprocher de la classification non-supervisée réalisée en fouille de données classique. Pour cette raison, l'évaluation des algorithmes accomplissant ce type de traitement s'est faite jusqu'ici exclusivement au moyen de mesures comparables à celles utilisées en fouille de données. Cependant, dans le cas de l'analyse de réseau, celles-ci n'exploitent pas toute l'information disponible et sont susceptibles de fournir des résultats biaisés. Dans cet article, nous illustrons cette limitation et proposons une solution en modifiant une mesure existante. Nous l'appliquons ensuite à des données réalistes afin d'en effectuer une première évaluation expérimentale.
MOESM6 of Continuous salt stress-induced long non-coding RNAs and DNA methylation patterns in soybean roots
Creators: name: Chen, Rui
name: Li, Ming
name: Zhang, Huiyuan
name: Duan, Lijin
name: Sun, Xianjun
name: Jiang, Qiyan
name: Zhang, Hui
name: Hu, Zheng
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 6: Figure S6. Expression levels (A) and CpG ratios (B) of lncRNAs and their targets under control and continuous salt stress.
Peaks in the CMBR power spectrum. I. Mathematical analysis of the associated real space features
Creators: name: Lopez-Corredoira, M.
name: Gabrielli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The purpose of our study is to understand the mathematical origin in real space of modulated and damped sinusoidal peaks observed in cosmic microwave background radiation anisotropies. We use the theory of the Fourier transform to connect localized features of the two-point correlation function in real space to oscillations in the power spectrum. We also illustrate analytically and by means of Monte Carlo simulations the angular correlation function for distributions of filled disks with fixed or variable radii capable of generating oscillations in the power spectrum. While the power spectrum shows repeated information in the form of multiple peaks and oscillations, the angular correlation function offers a more compact presentation that condenses all the information of the multiple peaks into a localized real space feature. We have seen that oscillations in the power spectrum arise when there is a discontinuity in a given derivative of the angular correlation function at a given angular distance. These kinds of discontinuities do not need to be abrupt in an infinitesimal range of angular distances but may also be smooth, and can be generated by simply distributing excesses of antenna temperature in filled disks of fixed or variable radii on the sky, provided that there is a non-null minimum radius and/or the maximum radius is constrained.
description: accepted to be published in Physica A
Challenges in the modelling of tidal disruption events lightcurves
Creators: name: Lodato, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this contribution, I review the recent developments on the modelling of the lightcurve of tidal disruption events. Our understanding has evolved significantly from the earlier seminal results that imply a simple power-law decay of the bolometric light curve as $t^{-5/3}$. We now know that the details of the rise to the peak of the lightcurve is determined mainly by the internal structure of the disrupted star. We also have improved models for the disc thermal emission, showing that in this case the decline of the luminosity with time should be much flatter than the standard $t^{-5/3}$ law, especially in optical and UV wavelengths, while the X-ray lightcurve is generally best suited to track the bolometric one. Finally, we are just starting to explore the interesting general relativistic effects that might arise for such events, for which the tidal radius lies very close to the black hole event horizon. In particular, I describe here some possible evidences for relativistic Lense-Thirring precession from the light curve of the event Swift J1644.
description: 6 pages. To appear in the proceedings of the workshop on Tidal Disruption Events and AGN outbursts published by 'EPJ Web of Conferences' - eds. Saxton, R. and Komossa, S
Proper superminimal surfaces of given conformal types in the hyperbolic four-space
Creators: name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 53A10, 53C28. Secondary: 32E30, 37J55

description: Let $H^4$ denote the hyperbolic four-space. Given a bordered Riemann surface, $M$, we prove that every smooth conformal superminimal immersion $\overline M\to H^4$ can be approximated uniformly on compacts in $M$ by proper conformal superminimal immersions $M\to H^4$. In particular, $H^4$ contains properly immersed conformal superminimal surfaces normalised by any given open Riemann surface of finite topological type without punctures. The proof uses the analysis of holomorphic Legendrian curves in the twistor space of $H^4$.
Symplectic Kloosterman Sums and Poincaré Series
Creators: name: Man, Siu Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11L05, 11F30

description: We prove power-saving bounds for general Kloosterman sums on $\operatorname{Sp}(4)$ associated to all Weyl elements via a stratification argument coupled with $p$-adic stationary phase methods. We relate these Kloosterman sums to the Fourier coefficients of $\operatorname{Sp}(4)$ Poincaré series.
description: Published version
Simultaneous polarization attraction and Raman amplification of a light beam in optical fibers
Creators: name: Morin, Philippe
name: Pitois, Stéphane
name: Fatome, Julien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to combine both Raman amplification and polarization attraction of a signal wave in a single optical fiber by means of a counterpropagating scheme. Experiments were performed near 1550 nm in a continuous wave regime and by means of a 10 Gbit / s return-to-zero signal injected in a 20 kmlong low polarization mode dispersion optical fiber. Complete repolarization and 6.7 dB amplification of the signal wave was achieved by injecting a 850 mW, 1480 nm counterpropagating polarized pump wave.
Titelei
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts
Year: 2019

description: Germania : Anzeiger der Römisch-Germanischen Kommission des Deutschen Archäologischen Instituts, Bd. 76, Nr. 2 (1998)
Cornice dynamics and meteorological control at Gruvefjellet, Central Svalbard.
Creators: name: Vogel, Stephan
name: Eckerstorfer, Markus
name: Christiansen, Hanne H.
Publisher: name: UNESCO/IOC
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Parameter Discipline::Cryosphere::Cryosphere

description: Cornice fall avalanches endanger life and infrastructure in Nybyen, a part of Svalbard’s main settlement Longyearbyen, located at 78◦ N in the High Arctic. Thus, cornice dynamics – accretion, cracking and eventual failure – and their controlling meteorological factors were studied along the ridgeline of the Gruvefjellet plateau mountain above Nybyen in the period 2008–2010. Using two automatic time-lapse cameras and hourly meteorological data in combination with intensive field observations on the Gruvefjellet plateau, cornice process dynamics were investigated in larger detail than previously possible. Cornice accretion starts directly following the first snowfall in late September and October, and proceeds throughout the entire snow season under a wide range of air temperature conditions that the maritime winter climate of Svalbard provides. Cornice accretion is particularly controlled by distinct storm events, with a prevailing wind direction perpendicular to the ridge line and average wind speeds from 12 m s−1. Particularly high wind speeds in excess of 30 m s−1 towards the plateau ridgeline lead to cornice scouring and reduce the cornice mass both vertically and horizontally. Induced by pronounced air temperature fluctuations which might reach above freezing and lead to midwinter rainfall events, tension cracks develop between the cornice mass and the plateau. Our measurements indicate a linear crack opening due to snow creep and tilt of the cornice around a pivot point. Four to five weeks elapsed between the first observations of a cornice crack until cornice failure. Throughout the two snow seasons studied, 180 cornice failures were recorded, of which 70 failures were categorized as distinctive cornice fall avalanches. A clear temporal pattern with the majority of cornice failures in June was found. Thus only daily air temperature could determine avalanche from nonavalanche days. Seven large cornice fall avalanches reached the avalanche fans on which the Nybyen settlement is located. The size of the avalanches was primarily determined by the size of the cornice that detached. The improved process understanding of the cornice dynamics provides a first step towards a better predictability of this natural hazard, but also highlights that any type of warning based on meteorological factors is not an adequate measure to ensure safety of the housing at risk.
Quasiperiodic patterns of the complex dimensions of nonlattice self-similar strings, via the LLL algorithm
Creators: name: Lapidus, Michel L.
name: van Frankenhuijsen, Machiel
name: Voskanian, Edward K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The Lattice String Approximation algorithm (or LSA algorithm) of M. L. Lapidus and M. van Frankenhuijsen is a procedure that approximates the complex dimensions of a nonlattice self-similar fractal string by the complex dimensions of a lattice self-similar fractal string. The implication of this procedure is that the set of complex dimensions of a nonlattice string has a quasiperiodic pattern. Using the LSA algorithm, together with the multiprecision polynomial solver MPSolve which is due to D. A. Bini, G. Fiorentino and L. Robol, we give a new and significantly more powerful presentation of the quasiperiodic patterns of the sets of complex dimensions of nonlattice self-similar fractal strings. The implementation of this algorithm requires a practical method for generating simultaneous Diophantine approximations, which in some cases we can accomplish by the continued fraction process. Otherwise, as was suggested by Lapidus and van Frankenhuijsen, we use the LLL algorithm of A. K. Lenstra, H. W. Lenstra, and L. Lovász.
description: 38 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables
Extraction of domain-specific bilingual lexicon from comparable corpora: compositional translation and ranking
Creators: name: Delpech, Estelle
name: Daille, Béatrice
name: Morin, Emmanuel
name: Lemaire, Claire
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper proposes a method for extracting translations of morphologically constructed terms from comparable corpora. The method is based on compositional translation and exploits translation equivalences at the morpheme-level, which allows for the generation of "fertile" translations (translation pairs in which the target term has more words than the source term). Ranking methods relying on corpus-based and translation-based features are used to select the best candidate translation. We obtain an average precision of 91% on the Top1 candidate translation. The method was tested on two language pairs (English-French and English-German) and with a small specialized comparable corpora (400k words per language).
description: arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:1209.2400
Environmental and human health impacts of geothermal exploitation in China and mitigation strategies
Creators: name: Hu, Yuanan
name: Cheng, Hefa
name: Tao, Shu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Marine Biology

description: Exploitation of the vast reserve of geothermal energy for power generation and direct use has been elevated to the top of China’s energy agenda, while the environmental impacts and human health risk have received little attention. This review systematically summarizes the environmental and human health impacts of geothermal utilization in China, and identifies the key technologies and policy measures that can be implemented to mitigate them. Geothermal fluids are typically enriched with a range of dissolved species and non-condensable gases, which originate from magma degassing and/or water-rock interaction under high temperature and pressure, and often low pH conditions in the reservoirs, and their releases could pollute local surface water, groundwater, soil, and air, and adversely affect biodiversity. The toxic elements (primarily As and F) could negatively impact the health of people living in geothermal areas through contaminated surface water, groundwater, and food crops. Among the gaseous pollutants, hydrogen sulfide often poses the most significant health concern, while radon might pose potentially significant radiological risk to the workers of geothermal spa and hot spring facilities. Improper disposal of the geothermal wastes enriched with natural radionuclides might elevate the radiation exposure of workers at geothermal facilities and people living in their vicinity. To minimize the potential environmental impacts and human health risk from large-scale expansion of geothermal exploitation, heat-extraction-only technologies should be promoted, while geothermal facilities should actively adopt pollution control and prevention measures. Government regulation and supervision can further ensure the negative environmental and human health impacts are adequately mitigated.
High Contrast Imaging with an Arbitrary Aperture: Active Correction of Aperture Discontinuities
Creators: name: Pueyo, Laurent
name: Norman, Colin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new method to achieve high-contrast images using segmented and/or on-axis telescopes. Our approach relies on using two sequential Deformable Mirrors to compensate for the large amplitude excursions in the telescope aperture due to secondary support structures and/or segment gaps. In this configuration the parameter landscape of Deformable Mirror Surfaces that yield high contrast Point Spread Functions is not linear, and non-linear methods are needed to find the true minimum in the optimization topology. We solve the highly non-linear Monge-Ampere equation that is the fundamental equation describing the physics of phase induced amplitude modulation. We determine the optimum configuration for our two sequential Deformable Mirror system and show that high-throughput and high contrast solutions can be achieved using realistic surface deformations that are accessible using existing technologies. We name this process Active Compensation of Aperture Discontinuities (ACAD). We show that for geometries similar to JWST, ACAD can attain at least 10^-7 in contrast and an order of magnitude higher for both the future Extremely Large Telescopes and on-axis architectures reminiscent of HST. We show that the converging non-linear mappings resulting from our Deformable Mirror shapes actually damp near-field diffraction artifacts in the vicinity of the discontinuities. Consequently, ACAD is a true broadband solution to the problem of high-contrast imaging with segmented and/or on-axis apertures. We finally show that once the non-linear solution is found, fine tuning with linear methods used in wavefront control can be applied to further contrast by another order of magnitude. Generally speaking, the ACAD technique can be used to significantly improve a broad class of telescope designs for a variety of problems.
description: ApJ Accepted, Nov 2012
Additional file 1 of Transcriptomic insights into the effects of CytCo, a novel nematotoxic protein, on the pine wood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus
Creators: name: Chen, Ye
name: Zhou, Xiang
name: Guo, Kai
name: Chen, Sha-Ni
name: Su, Xiu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1.
A Time To Event Framework For Multi-touch Attribution
Creators: name: Shender, Dinah
name: Amini, Ali Nasiri
name: Bao, Xinlong
name: Dikmen, Mert
name: Richardson, Amy
name: Wang, Jing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Multi-touch attribution (MTA) estimates the relative contributions of the multiple ads a user may see prior to any observed conversions. Increasingly, advertisers also want to base budget and bidding decisions on these attributions, spending more on ads that drive more conversions. We describe two requirements for an MTA system to be suitable for this application: First, it must be able to handle continuously updated and incomplete data. Second, it must be sufficiently flexible to capture that an ad's effect will change over time. We describe an MTA system, consisting of a model for user conversion behavior and a credit assignment algorithm, that satisfies these requirements. Our model for user conversion behavior treats conversions as occurrences in an inhomogeneous Poisson process, while our attribution algorithm is based on iteratively removing the last ad in the path.
Multi loop soliton solutions and their interactions in the Degasperis-Procesi equation
Creators: name: Stalin, S.
name: Senthilvelan, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this article, we construct loop soliton solutions and mixed soliton - loop soliton solution for the Degasperis-Procesi equation. To explore these solutions we adopt the procedure given by Matsuno. By appropriately modifying the $τ$-function given in the above paper we derive these solutions. We present the explicit form of one and two loop soliton solutions and mixed soliton - loop soliton solutions and investigate the interaction between (i) two loop soliton solutions in different parametric regimes and (ii) a loop soliton with a conventional soliton in detail.
description: Published in Physica Scripta (2012)
Optimal Linear Transceiver Designs for Cognitive Two-Way Relay Networks
Creators: name: Wang, Rui
name: Tao, Meixia
name: Liu, Yuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies a cooperative cognitive radio network where two primary users (PUs) exchange information with the help of a secondary user (SU) that is equipped with multiple antennas and in return, the SU superimposes its own messages along with the primary transmission. The fundamental problem in the considered network is the design of transmission strategies at the secondary node. It involves three basic elements: first, how to split the power for relaying the primary signals and for transmitting the secondary signals; second, what two-way relay strategy should be used to assist the bidirectional communication between the two PUs; third, how to jointly design the primary and secondary transmit precoders. This work aims to address this problem by proposing a transmission framework of maximizing the achievable rate of the SU while maintaining the rate requirements of the two PUs. Three well-known and practical two-way relay strategies are considered: amplify-and-forward (AF), bit level XOR based decode-and-forward (DF-XOR) and symbol level superposition coding based DF (DF-SUP). For each relay strategy, although the design problem is non-convex, we find the optimal solution by using certain transformation techniques and optimization tools such as semidefinite programming (SDP) and second-order cone programming (SOCP). Closed-form solutions are also obtained under certain conditions. Simulation results show that when the rate requirements of the two PUs are symmetric, by using the DF-XOR strategy and applying the proposed optimal precoding, the SU requires the least power for relaying and thus reserves the most power to transmit its own signal. In the asymmetric scenario, on the other hand, the DF-SUP strategy with the corresponding optimal precoding is the best.
description: 31 pages 12 figures, Accepted by TSP
The Kudla-Rapoport conjecture at a ramified prime for $U(1, 1)$
Creators: name: He, Qiao
name: Shi, Yousheng
name: Yang, Tonghai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11Gxx (Primary) 14G35, 14G40

description: In this paper, we proved a local arithmetic Siegel-Weil formula for a $U(1, 1)$-Shimura variety at a ramified prime, a.k.a. a Kudla-Rapoport conjecture at a ramified case. The formula needs to be modified from the original Kudla-Rapoport conjecture. In the process, we also gives an explicit decomposition of the special divisors of the Rapoport-Zink space of unitary type $(1, 1)$ (Krämer model). A key ingredient is to relate the Rapoport-Zink space to the Drinfeld upper plane.
description: 34pp, final version, published in Transactions of the AMS
title: Uncovering the Formation of Galaxies Using Their Stellar Populations
Creators: name: Davison, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Central Lancashire
Year: 2021

description: The following thesis explores the stellar populations of Early Type galaxies, and in doing so develops a viable method by which to identify ex-situ stars in both spatially resolved and unresolved galaxies. Using simulated data from the EAGLE simulations, this thesis _rst lays a theoretical groundwork for the subsequent chapters by building predictions of ex-situ fraction in galaxies according to galaxy mass and size, as well as more readily observable properties such as surface brightness. Following this, the focus shifts to observational datasets of galaxies. The basics of a methodology with which to extract ex-situ fractions of galaxies is tested on MUSE data of NGC7135, _nding increases in ex-situ fraction with radius, in line with predictions from the EAGLE simulations. This methodology is improved upon and expanded in order to map the ex-situ populations present within 13 galaxies observed with MUSE. These are shown to display an increase in ex-situ fraction with mass and radius, with high gradients of increase in ex-situ material for the most massive and most extended galaxies. A similar methodology is _nally applied to a large statistically representative sample of spatially unresolved galaxies from the SDSS survey. This provides a lower galactocentric resolution view of the mass size plane but with a vastly improved sample size. With this study it is demonstrated that the smaller MUSE sample is a representative sample of galaxies and accurately demonstrates changes in ex-situ fraction with average galaxy mass and size. The results found in the chapters point to evidence of the `two-phase' scenario of galaxy formation, and present means to explore this further observationally.
The Nearest Millisecond Pulsar Revisited with XMM-Newton: Improved Mass-Radius Constraints for PSR J0437-4715
Creators: name: Bogdanov, Slavko
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I present an analysis of the deepest X-ray exposure of a radio millisecond pulsar (MSP) to date, an X-ray Multi Mirror-Newton European Photon Imaging Camera spectroscopic and timing observation of the nearest known MSP, PSR J0437--4715. The timing data clearly reveal a secondary broad X-ray pulse offset from the main pulse by $\sim$0.55 in rotational phase. In the context of a model of surface thermal emission from the hot polar caps of the neutron star, this can be plausibly explained by a magnetic dipole field that is significantly displaced from the stellar center. Such an offset, if commonplace in MSPs, has important implications for studies of the pulsar population, high energy pulsed emission, and the pulsar contribution to cosmic ray positrons. The continuum emission shows evidence for at least three thermal components, with the hottest radiation most likely originating from the hot magnetic polar caps and the cooler emission from the bulk of the surface. I present pulse phase-resolved X-ray spectroscopy of PSR J0437--4715, which for the first time, properly accounts for the system geometry of a radio pulsar. Such an approach is essential for unbiased measurements of the temperatures and emission areas of polar cap radiation from pulsars. Detailed modelling of the thermal pulses, including relativistic and atmospheric effects, provides a constraint on the redshift-corrected neutron star radius of R>11.1 km (at 3 sigma conf.) for the current radio timing mass measurement of 1.76 M_sun. This limit favors "stiff'" equations of state.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures; accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Multi-bubble nodal solutions for slightly subcritical elliptic problems in domains with symmetries
Creators: name: Bartsch, Thomas
name: D'Aprile, Teresa
name: Pistoia, Angela
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35B40, 35J20, 35J65

description: We study the existence of sign-changing solutions with multiple bubbles to the slightly subcritical problem $$-Δu=|u|^{2^*-2-\e}u \hbox{in}Ω, \quad u=0 \hbox{on}\partial Ω,$$ where $Ω$ is a smooth bounded domain in $\R^N$, $N\geq 3$, $2^*=\frac{2N}{N-2}$ and $\e>0$ is a small parameter. In particular we prove that if $Ω$ is convex and satisfies a certain symmetry, then a nodal four-bubble solution exists with two positive and two negative bubbles.
Real-time distance measurement immune from atmospheric parameters using optical frequency combs
Creators: name: Jian, Pu
name: Pinel, Olivier
name: Fabre, Claude
name: Lamine, Brahim
name: Treps, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a direct and real-time ranging scheme using an optical frequency combs, able to compensate optically for index of refraction variations due to atmospheric parameters. This scheme could be useful for applications requiring stringent precision over a long distance in air, a situation where dispersion becomes the main limitation. The key ingredient is the use of a mode-locked laser as a precise source for multi-wavelength interferometry in a homodyne detection scheme. By shaping temporally the local oscillator, one can directly access the desired parameter (distance) while being insensitive to fluctuations induced by parameters of the environment such as pressure, temperature, humidity and CO$_2$ content.
Bayes Optimal Informer Sets for Early-Stage Drug Discovery
Creators: name: Yu, Peng
name: Ericksen, Spencer S.
name: Gitter, Anthony
name: Newton, Michael A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: An important experimental design problem in early-stage drug discovery is how to prioritize available compounds for testing when very little is known about the target protein. Informer based ranking (IBR) methods address the prioritization problem when the compounds have provided bioactivity data on other potentially relevant targets. An IBR method selects an informer set of compounds, and then prioritizes the remaining compounds on the basis of new bioactivity experiments performed with the informer set on the target. We formalize the problem as a two-stage decision problem and introduce the Bayes Optimal Informer SEt (BOISE) method for its solution. BOISE leverages a flexible model of the initial bioactivity data, a relevant loss function, and effective computational schemes to resolve the two-step design problem. We evaluate BOISE and compare it to other IBR strategies in two retrospective studies, one on protein-kinase inhibition and the other on anti-cancer drug sensitivity. In both empirical settings BOISE exhibits better predictive performance than available methods. It also behaves well with missing data, where methods that use matrix completion show worse predictive performance. We provide an R implementation of BOISE at https://github.com/wiscstatman/esdd/BOISE
description: 18 pages, 6 figures