cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Examining the reliability and validity of the Clinical Assessment Interview for Negative Symptoms within the Management of Schizophrenia in Clinical Practice (MOSAIC) multisite national study
Creators: name: Velligan, D.
name: Skale, T.G.
name: Vinogradov, S.
name: Tandon, R.
name: Tek, C.
name: Harvey, P.D.
name: O'Gorman, C.
name: Julian, L.
name: Csoboth, C.T.
name: Nuechterlein, K.H.
name: Blanchard, J.J.
name: Snowden, L.R.
name: Nasrallah, H.A.
name: Bradshaw, K.R.
name: Casey, D.
name: Hudson, J.I.
name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Garcia, C.P.
name: Lentz, E.
Publisher: name: Elsevier B.V.
Year: 2017

description: The current study sought to expand on prior reports of the validity and reliability of the CAINS (CAINS) by examining its performance across diverse non-academic clinical settings as employed by raters not affiliated with the scale's developers and across a longer test-retest follow-up period. The properties of the CAINS were examined within the Management of Schizophrenia in Clinical Practice (MOSAIC) schizophrenia registry. A total of 501 participants with a schizophrenia spectrum diagnosis who were receiving usual care were recruited across 15 national Patient Assessment Centers and evaluated with the CAINS, other negative symptom measures, and assessments of functioning, quality of life and cognition. Temporal stability of negative symptoms was assessed across a 3-month follow-up. Results replicated the two-factor structure of the CAINS reflecting Motivation and Pleasure and expression symptoms. The CAINS scales exhibited high internal consistency and temporal stability. Convergent validity was supported by significant correlations between the CAINS subscales with other negative symptom measures. Additionally, the CAINS was significantly correlated with functioning and quality of life. Discriminant validity was demonstrated by small to moderate associations between the CAINS and positive symptoms, depression, and cognition (and these associations were comparable to those found with other negative symptom scales). Findings suggest that the CAINS is a reliable and valid tool for measuring negative symptoms in schizophrenia across diverse clinical samples and settings.
LDPTrace: Locally Differentially Private Trajectory Synthesis
Creators: name: Du, Yuntao
name: Hu, Yujia
name: Zhang, Zhikun
name: Fang, Ziquan
name: Chen, Lu
name: Zheng, Baihua
name: Gao, Yunjun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Databases (cs.DB)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Trajectory data has the potential to greatly benefit a wide-range of real-world applications, such as tracking the spread of the disease through people's movement patterns and providing personalized location-based services based on travel preference. However, privay concerns and data protection regulations have limited the extent to which this data is shared and utilized. To overcome this challenge, local differential privacy provides a solution by allowing people to share a perturbed version of their data, ensuring privacy as only the data owners have access to the original information. Despite its potential, existing point-based perturbation mechanisms are not suitable for real-world scenarios due to poor utility, dependence on external knowledge, high computational overhead, and vulnerability to attacks. To address these limitations, we introduce LDPTrace, a novel locally differentially private trajectory synthesis framework. Our framework takes into account three crucial patterns inferred from users' trajectories in the local setting, allowing us to synthesize trajectories that closely resemble real ones with minimal computational cost. Additionally, we present a new method for selecting a proper grid granularity without compromising privacy. Our extensive experiments using real-world data, various utility metrics and attacks, demonstrate the efficacy and efficiency of LDPTrace.
description: Accepted by VLDB 2023. Code is available: https://github.com/zealscott/LDPTrace
Counter measure system for automatic speaker verification systems
Creators: name: Eijaz, Asim Adnan
Publisher: name: Macquarie University
Year: 2022
Subjects: Other education not elsewhere classified

description: Automatic speaker verification systems use speech signals to identify an individual. The research in speaker recognition systems has advanced a lot in the last few decades. Even though the state-of-the-art systems provide superior authentication performance, they are still vulnerable to malicious spoofing attacks. Access to speaker verification systems can be spoofed using various types of different attacks. The three main types of attacks are replay attacks, speech synthesis and voice conversion. Current literature shows that these attacks significantly increase the false acceptance rate of speaker verification systems. Concrete evidence of this vulnerability has directed researchers in building countermeasures for speaker recognition systems. The focus of this thesis is on the detection of speech synthesis and voice conversion based spoofing attacks. We explore short-term Fourier transform (STFT) and constant Q transform (CQT) as front-end features for countermeasure systems. The motive is to understand the effect of different parameterisation of a feature on countermeasure performance. Additionally, we also explore how different back-end classifiers affect the performance of countermeasure systems. Finally, score level fusions of different single feature-based countermeasure systems are investigated.
Anxiety in youth at clinical high risk for psychosis
Creators: name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Heinssen, R.
name: McAusland, L.
name: McGlashan, T.H.
name: Cadenhead, K.S.
name: Tsuang, M.T.
name: Woods, S.W.
name: Walker, E.F.
name: Cornblatt, B.A.
name: Addington, J.
name: Bearden, C.E.
name: Buchy, L.
name: Seidman, L.J.
name: Cannon, T.D.
name: Mathalon, D.H.
Publisher: name: Blackwell Publishing
Year: 2017

description: Aim: High rates of anxiety have been observed in youth at clinical high risk (CHR) of developing psychosis. In CHR, anxiety often co-occurs with depression, and there is inconsistent evidence on anxiety in relation to transition to psychosis. The aim of this study was to examine: (i) the prevalence of anxiety disorders in individuals at CHR; (ii) clinical differences between those with and without anxiety; and (iii) the association of baseline anxiety with later transition to psychosis. Methods: The sample consisted of 765 CHR individuals and 280 healthy controls. CHR status was determined with the Structured Interview of Prodromal Syndromes, mood and anxiety diagnoses with the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Disorders, and severity of anxiety with the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale and Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. Results: In the CHR sample, 51% met criteria for an anxiety disorder. CHR participants had significantly more anxiety diagnoses and severity than healthy controls. Anxiety was correlated to attenuated psychotic and negative symptoms in CHR and those with an anxiety disorder demonstrated more suspiciousness. CHR participants with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD) exhibited more severe symptomatology than those without OCD. An initial presentation of anxiety did not differ between those who did or did not transition to psychosis. Conclusions: In this large sample of individuals at CHR, anxiety is common and associated with more severe attenuated psychotic symptoms. Treatment not only to prevent or delay transition to psychosis but also to address presenting concerns, such as anxiety, is warranted.
Black holes in an Effective Field Theory extension of GR
Creators: name: Cardoso, Vitor
name: Kimura, Masashi
name: Maselli, Andrea
name: Senatore, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Effective field theory methods suggest that some rather-general extensions of General Relativity include, or are mimicked by, certain higher-order curvature corrections, with coupling constants expected to be small but otherwise arbitrary. Thus, the tantalizing prospect to test the fundamental nature of gravity with gravitational-wave observations, in a systematic way, emerges naturally. Here, we build black hole solutions in such a framework and study their main properties. Once rotation is included, we find the first purely gravitational example of geometries without $\mathbb{Z}_2$-symmetry. Despite the higher-order operators of the theory, we show that linearized fluctuations of such geometries obey second-order differential equations. We find nonzero tidal Love numbers. We study and compute the quasinormal modes of such geometries. These results are of interest to gravitational-wave science but also potentially relevant for electromagnetic observations of the galactic center or $X$-ray binaries.
description: 8 pages, RevTex4. v2: Minor edits. v3: Typo in Eq. (16) corrected. Published in Physical Review Letters
Search for vector-like T quarks decaying to top quarks and Higgs bosons in the all-hadronic channel using jet substructure
Creators: name: CMS Collaboration
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A search is performed for a vector-like heavy T quark that is produced in pairs and that decays to a top quark and a Higgs boson. The data analysed correspond to an integrated luminosity of 19.7 inverse femtobarns collected with the CMS detector in proton-proton collisions at sqrt(s) = 8 TeV. For T quarks with large mass values the top quarks and Higgs bosons can have significant Lorentz boosts, so that their individual decay products often overlap and merge. Methods are applied to resolve the substructure of such merged jets. Upper limits on the production cross section of a T quark with mass between 500 and 1000 GeV are derived. If the T quark decays exclusively to tH, the observed (expected) lower limit on the mass of the T quark is 745 (773) GeV at 95% confidence level. For the first time an algorithm is used for tagging boosted Higgs bosons that is based on a combination of jet substructure information and b tagging.
description: Replaced with published version. Added journal reference and DOI
ОТРЕШЕНИЕ ПРЕЗИДЕНТА ОТ ДОЛЖНОСТИ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ ДЕМОКРАТИИ
Creators: name: КОНДРАШОВ АЛЕКСАНДР СЕРГЕЕВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: CONSTITUTIONAL AND LEGAL RESPONSIBILITY
HEAD OF STATE
GROUNDS FOR REMOVAL FROM OFFICE
PROCEDURE FOR REMOVAL FROM OFFICE
КОНСТИТУЦИОННО-ПРАВОВАЯ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬ
ГЛАВА ГОСУДАРСТВА
ОСНОВАНИЯ ОТРЕШЕНИЯ ОТ ДОЛЖНОСТИ
ПРОЦЕДУРА ОТРЕШЕНИЯ ОТ ДОЛЖНОСТИ

description: Институт отрешения от должности главы государства является одним из основных элементов системы «сдержек и противовесов», способствующий обеспечению принципа разделения властей. Автором научной статьи подвергнуты детальному анализу основания и процедура отрешения Президента РФ от должности, а также выявлены актуальные проблемы действующего законодательства.The institution of removing the head of state from office is one of the main elements of the system of checks and balances, which contributes to ensuring the principle of separation of powers. The author of the scientific article subjected to a detailed analysis of the grounds and procedure for removing the President of the Russian Federation from office, as well as identified current problems of current legislation.
Mean Estimation from One-Bit Measurements
Creators: name: Kipnis, Alon
name: Duchi, John C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating the mean of a symmetric log-concave distribution under the constraint that only a single bit per sample from this distribution is available to the estimator. We study the mean squared error as a function of the sample size (and hence the number of bits). We consider three settings: first, a centralized setting, where an encoder may release $n$ bits given a sample of size $n$, and for which there is no asymptotic penalty for quantization; second, an adaptive setting in which each bit is a function of the current observation and previously recorded bits, where we show that the optimal relative efficiency compared to the sample mean is precisely the efficiency of the median; lastly, we show that in a distributed setting where each bit is only a function of a local sample, no estimator can achieve optimal efficiency uniformly over the parameter space. We additionally complement our results in the adaptive setting by showing that \emph{one} round of adaptivity is sufficient to achieve optimal mean-square error.
description: Accepted for publication in the IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
title: Zur Erinnerung an Heinrich Otto Bachmann
title: Heinrich Otto Bachmann
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: 25. Januar 1915 - 15. August 1940
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Köhler, Ludwig
Publisher: name: Buchdruckerei Ziegler
Year: 1940
Subjects: subject: 920 Biografien, Genealogie, Insignien
subject: Nachruf
subject: Bachmann, Heinrich Otto
subject: Winterthur

description: Enthält: Abschiedsworte, gesprochen von Herrn Prof. Dr. Ludwig Köhler, an der Bestattungsfeier im Friedhof Rosenberg am 19. August 1940
Exciton Assisted Deeply Subwavelength Nano-Photonics
Creators: name: Ling, Haonan
name: Manna, Arnab
name: Shen, Jialiang
name: Tung, Ho-Ting
name: Sharp, David
name: Fröch, Johannes
name: Dai, Siyuan
name: Majumdar, Arka
name: Davoyan, Artur R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The wave nature of light sets a fundamental diffraction limit that challenges confinement and control of light in nanoscale structures with dimensions significantly smaller than the wavelength. Here, we demonstrate van der Waals MoS_2 nano-photonic devices with dimensions as small as ~ λ/16 (~60 nm at 1000 nm excitation wavelength). This deep subwavelength light confinement is achieved by exploiting the coupling between MoS_2 excitons and photons. We validate deep subwavelength light control via far- and near-field measurements. Our near-field measurements reveal detailed imaging of excitation, evolution, and guidance of fields in MoS_2 nanodevices, whereas our far-field study examines highly confined integrated photonics. Exciton-driven nano-photonics at a fraction of a wavelength demonstrated here could dramatically reduce the size of integrated photonic devices and opto-electronic circuits with potential applications in optical information science and engineering.
description: 39 pages, 32 figures
title: Single pose camera calibration using a curved display screen
Creators: name: Acuña, Raul
name: Ziegler, Robin
name: Willert, Volker
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022

description: In this paper, a method for single pose camera calibration is presented. Dense point correspondences are obtained by displaying structured light in a non-flat display screen (i.e. a curved display screen) which then are used as an input in common calibration algorithms. Experimental results demonstrate that the depth information present in a common commercial curved monitor with a radius of curvature of 1800 millimeters is sufficient in order to obtain calibration results comparable to the standard checkerboard method. In contrast to the commonly used checkerboard based calibration methods, the proposed method does not require to move the camera and it is cheaper and easier to implement than other methods based on expensive 3D calibration rigs.
Mission matters: the role of organizational mission objectives in media selection and implementation by NGOs worldwide
Creators: name: Talib, Saman
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: The significance of transnational civil society has become undeniable over the last decade and Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have been playing an increasingly prominent role in the public sphere. However, not much attention has been given to these organizations and their communication practices. The purpose of this study was to examine NGOs from a communicative perspective and shed light on their daily practices.To this end, the study began by exploring various areas of research, including political communication, organizational communication, voluntary sector research, new media theories, and diffusion of innovations. This exploration resulted in some propositions about the communication behavior of NGOs, which are: The main function of NGOs is to create social capital through networks, NGOs are driven by their missions rather then a desire for gaining profit, and in order to fulfill their missions NGOs must engage in social capital building activities for their constituents. A model of communication media adoption and use was also derived from this review of the literature.A sample was selected from the NGOs associated with the United Nations' Department of Information and the Economic and Social Council. The study used a mixed method approach to the subject and data was collected through an online survey with quantitative and qualitative items. Interviews were also conducted based on the sample. The quantitative data garnered from the survey was analyzed using statistical procedures including, frequencies, correlation analysis, and factor analysis. Qualitative data derived from the survey and interviews was analyzed using the grounded theory approach.The analyses resulted in some conclusions, first, that there is variation in the use of new media in NGOs. Second, this variation is impacted by internal and external organizational factors. Third, the mission objectives of these organizations do impact their decisions regarding the communication practices they espouse. Fourth, that networking and social capital creation is indeed an important outcome of their work.
Making workflow provenance FAIR across workflow systems with Workflow Run RO-Crate
Creators: name: Leo, Simone
name: Rodríguez-Navas, Laura
name: Fernández, José M.
name: De Geest, Paul
name: Pireddu, Luca
name: Crusoe, Michael R.
name: Garijo, Daniel
name: Colonnelli, Iacopo
name: Sirvent, Raül
name: Soiland-Reyes, Stian
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: workflow
scientific workflow
provenance
FAIR
RO-Crate
CWL
Galaxy
Nextflow

description: Workflow Run RO-Crate  (https://w3id.org/ro/wfrun/), is a set of profiles of RO-Crate (https://doi.org/10.3233/DS-210053) that capture workflow provenance in a lightweight FAIR data package, in order to support traceability, reproducibility and interoperable description of diverse computational analysis. We implemented the profile in multiple workflow systems, including Galaxy, COMPSs, StreamFlow, WfExS, Sapporo, Autosubmit. The command line tool runcrate (https://pypi.org/project/runcrate/) can convert from the precursor CWLProv (https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giz095), and display or validate crates according to the profiles, with (prototype) repeat of a previous execution. The profiles are organised by increasing levels of details, allowing gradual adaptation, ranging from arbitrary sets of computational processes (implied user-driven workflows), through a WorkflowHub-compatible crate with workflow definition, to a full provenance trace for each step, their input and output values. This use of RO-Crate allows the contextualization of a computational workflow and its execution, e.g. relating to people, organisations, projects, funding, data sources and wider research questions and studies. For instance, in the TRE-FX project (https://trefx.uk/) such crates are used as a lingua franca across federated Trusted Research Environments, as it can also address the security and review aspects. Workflow Run working group collaborates across ELIXIR nodes and EU-wide projects (BY-COVID, EOSC-Life, EJP-RD, EuroHPC, eFlows4HP, EuroScienceGateway, BioExcel-2) as well as national projects. After this first stable release of the profiles we are now expanding with more workflow systems, and tracking computational resources such as containers and memory usage.
$K^{*0}$ meson production using a transport and a statistical hadronization model at energies covered by the RHIC beam energy scan
Creators: name: Sahoo, Aswini Kumar
name: Nasim, Md.
name: Singha, Subhash
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we discuss the centrality and energy dependence of $K^{*0}$ resonance production using ultrarelativistic quantum molecular dynamics (UrQMD) and thermal models. The $K^{*0}/K$ ratios obtained from the UrQMD and thermal models are compared with measurements done by the STAR experiment in Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7, 11.5, 14.5, 19.6, 27, and 39 GeV. The $K^{*0}/K$ ratio from the thermal model is consistent with data in most-peripheral collisions, however it overpredicts the ratio in central Au+Au collisions. This could be due to the fact that the thermal model does not have a hadronic rescattering phase, which is expected to be dominant in more central collisions. Furthermore, we have studied the $K^{*0}/K$ ratio from UrQMD by varying the hadron propagation time ($τ$) within the range 5 to 50 fm/c. It was found that the $K^{*0}/K$ ratio decreases with increasing $τ$. Comparison between data and UrQMD suggest, one needs to consider a $τ$ $\approx$ 10-50 fm/c to explain data at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}$ = 7.7-39 GeV in Au+Au collisions. We also predict the rapidity distribution of $K^{*0}$ from UrQMD which could be measured in the STAR beam energy scan phase II (BES-II) program.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Involutions and Chern numbers of varieties
Creators: name: Haution, Olivier
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14L30, 19L41

description: Consider an involution of a smooth projective variety over a field of characteristic not two. We look at the relations between the variety and the fixed locus of the involution from the point of view of cobordism. We show in particular that the fixed locus has dimension larger than its codimension when certain Chern numbers of the variety are not divisible by two, or four. Some of those results, but not all, are analogues of theorems in algebraic topology obtained by Conner-Floyd and Boardman in the sixties. We include versions of our results concerning the vanishing loci of idempotent global derivations in characteristic two. Our approach to cobordism, following Merkurjev's, is elementary, in the sense that it does not involve resolution of singularities or homotopical methods.
Trapping of methylglyoxal by dietary compounds in vitro
Creators: name: TAN, DI
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: The importance of reactive dicarbonyl speices has been raising because of its link to many health complications. Diabetes, with the high prevalence and continued investigation on its link to methylglyoxal interested us to initiate this study. We believe that MG is involved in a vicious circle in which the elevated methylglyoxal is caused by the hyperglycemic condition and also by the consequent oxdative stress. On the other hand, the increase of methylglyoxal and oxidative stress deplete antioxidative system including glutathione and its related enzymes. This will then not only worsen the oxidative stress, but also change the route of glycolysis and other metabolisms, ketone body, fructose, etc. The vicious circle is thus turned on. We, therefore, state here that controlling the intra and extra sources and causes of methylglyoxal is of significance. Our study first established the reliable and sensitive analytical methods for methylglyoxal determination. The combinations of proper derivatization reagents for methylglyoxal and analytical methods, GC or HPLC have been examined. Secondly, we have investigated the methylglyoxal trapping efficiency and mechanisms of dietary compounds. The kinetic studies were carried out and reaction products were characterized by LC/MS. Tea polyphenol compounds, firstly, have shown the potential health benefits in many aspects including prevention diabetes which has the impact with methylglyoxal and methylglyoxal related AGEs. They did show the excellent trapping activity of methylglyoxal. The kinetic study and identification of EGCG-methylglyoxal products provides the preliminary understanding of the trapping mechanism by tea. The second group, dipeptides and tripeptides, are having higher bioavailability compared to tea polyphenol compounds. The chosen dipeptides may trap methylglyoxal via formation of pyrazinone or S-(carboxyethyl)cysteine derivatives. With different side chain, most dipeptides represented different reactivity to methylglyoxal and kinetic trends. Moreover, the difference observed between triglycine and diglycine, and the one between Gly-Cys and Cys-Gly make the studying of mechanisms more essential. This varied reactivity combined with the high bioavailability, peptides may be potent to target the methylglyoxal generated at different conditions. Further consideration of their bioavailability and kinetic trends may provide the diverged and useful ways to trap methylglyoxal in vitro or in vivo.
Involvement of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway in oro-esophageal carcinogenesis and chemopreventive effects of ziIeuton and green tea catechins
Creators: name: Sood, Sandeep
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Oral and esophageal squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) are common neoplasms worldwide, especially in developing countries. Aberrant arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism, involving both the cyclooxygenase (Cox) and lipoxygenase (Lox) pathways has been suggested to play an important role in the development of inflammation and associated carcinogenesis. The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the role of 5-Lox in oro-esophageal carcinogenesis. Zileuton, a 5-Lox inhibitor, was evaluated for its effect, in short- and long-term studies on oral carcinogenesis using the 7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene (DMBA) induced hamster cheek pouch model. In the short-term study, zileuton significantly inhibited aberrant AA metabolism and cell hyperproliferation and in the long-term experiment it suppressed the incidence of visible tumors as well as the SCC. Zileuton and green tea catechins, alone and in combination, were also evaluated in 4-nitroquinoline-1-oxide (4-NQO)-induced oro-esophageal carcinogenesis in mice. In the first experiment, 4-NQO was administered to A/J mice (wild-type and p53A135V mutant) in drinking water for 8 weeks, followed by zileuton (1000 ppm in diet) or polyphenon E (PPE, 0.6% in drink) for another 16 weeks. Zileuton significantly reduced the overall incidence of SCC in tongue, esophagus and forestomach in wild-type A/J mice. PPE only significantly reduced carcinogenesis in the tongue of p53A135V mutant mice. Both agents suppressed cell proliferation and induced apoptosis, while only zileuton significantly reduced the mast cells density in cancer tissues of tongue and esophagus. In the second experiment, 4-NQO was administered to C57BL/6J mice in drinking water for 12 weeks, followed by zileuton (500, 1000 and 2000 ppm in diet) and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG, 0.16% and 0.32% in drink) alone or in combination (500 ppm zileuton and 0.16% EGCG) for another 16 weeks. Both agents were able to significantly inhibit tongue cancer. Zileuton and EGCG inhibited overall carcinogenesis, though only the effect of the former was dose-dependent. An additive effect was observed in the combination group in inhibiting the tongue and overall cancer incidence. In summary, we report here that 5-Lox is involved in the pathogenesis of oro-esophageal carcinogenesis and its inhibitors, zileuton and green tea catechins, elicit chemopreventive activity in animal models.
Separation of heat and charge currents for boosted thermoelectric conversion
Creators: name: Mazza, Francesco
name: Valentini, Stefano
name: Bosisio, Riccardo
name: Benenti, Giuliano
name: Giovannetti, Vittorio
name: Fazio, Rosario
name: Taddei, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a multi-terminal device the (electronic) heat and charge currents can follow different paths. In this paper we introduce and analyse a class of multi-terminal devices where this property is pushed to its extreme limits, with charge $and$ heat currents flowing in different reservoirs. After introducing the main characteristics of such $heat-charge$ $current$ $separation$ regime we show how to realise it in a multi-terminal device with normal and superconducting leads. We demonstrate that this regime allows to control independently heat and charge flows and to greatly enhance thermoelectric performances at low temperatures. We analyse in details a three-terminal setup involving a superconducting lead, a normal lead and a voltage probe. For a generic scattering region we show that in the regime of heat-charge current separation both the power factor and the figure of merit $ZT$ are highly increased with respect to a standard two-terminal system. These results are confirmed for the specific case of a system consisting of three coupled quantum dots.
description: 12 pages, 8 figures
АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ПРОБЛЕМЫ ОБЕСПЕЧЕНИЯ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ В СОВРЕМЕННЫХ УСЛОВИЯХ
Creators: name: МАГОМЕДМИРЗАЕВА АСИЯТ МАГОМЕДОВНА
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: NATIONAL SECURITY
PROBLEMS OF NATIONAL SECURITY
STATE
НАЦИОНАЛЬНАЯ БЕЗОПАСНОСТЬ
ПРОБЛЕМЫ НАЦИОНАЛЬНОЙ БЕЗОПАСНОСТИ
ГОСУДАРСТВО
ТЕРРОРИЗМ
TERRORISM

description: В статье рассматривается актуальность обеспечения национальной безопасности современной России. В свете сложившейся политической ситуации и вооруженных конфликтов в мире именно защита территориальной целостности, конституционного строя и суверенитета является стратегической целью национальной безопасности.The article discusses the relevance of ensuring the national security of modern Russia. In the light of the current political situation and armed conflicts in the world, it is the protection of territorial integrity, constitutional system and sovereignty that are strategic goals of national security.
title: Subtleties of extrinsic calibration of cameras with non-overlapping fields of view
Creators: name: Li, Zaijuan
name: Willert, Volker
Publisher: name: KIT Scientific Publishing
Year: 2022

description: The calibration of the relative pose between rigidly connected cameras with non-overlapping fields of view (FOV) is a prerequisite for many applications. In this paper, we focus on the subtleties of experimental realization of such a calibration optimization method presented in [1]. We evaluate two strategies to adapt a given optimization process to find better local minima. The first strategy is the introduction of a quality measure for the image data used for calibration, which is based on the projection size of known planar calibration patterns on the image. We show, that introducing an additional weighting to the optimization objective chosen as a function of that quality measure improves calibration accuracy and increases robustness against noise. The second strategy to further improve accuracy is a careful data acquisition of pose pairs used for the calibration. We integrate the above strategies into different setups and demonstrate the improvement both in simulation and real-world experiment.
The Role of microRNA Expression in Cortical Development during Conversion to Psychosis
Creators: name: Tsuang, M.
name: Zheutlin, A.B.
name: Cadenhead, K.S.
name: McGlashan, T.H.
name: Mathalon, D.H.
name: Jeffries, C.D.
name: Addington, J.
name: Cornblatt, B.A.
name: Walker, E.F.
name: Chekroud, A.M.
name: Seidman, L.J.
name: Cannon, T.D.
name: Chung, Y.
name: Bearden, C.E.
name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Woods, S.W.
Publisher: name: Nature Publishing Group
Year: 2017

description: In a recent report of the North American Prodrome Longitudinal Study (NAPLS), clinical high-risk individuals who converted to psychosis showed a steeper rate of cortical gray matter reduction compared with non-converters and healthy controls, and the rate of cortical thinning was correlated with levels of proinflammatory cytokines at baseline. These findings suggest a critical role for microglia, the resident macrophages in the brain, in perturbations of cortical maturation processes associated with onset of psychosis. Elucidating gene expression pathways promoting microglial action prior to disease onset would inform potential preventative intervention targets. Here we used a forward stepwise regression algorithm to build a classifier of baseline microRNA expression in peripheral leukocytes associated with annualized rate of cortical thinning in a subsample of the NAPLS cohort (N=74). Our cortical thinning classifier included nine microRNAs, p=3.63 × 10-08, R 2 =0.358, permutation-based p=0.039, the gene targets of which were enriched for intracellular signaling pathways that are important to coordinating inflammatory responses within immune cells (p<0.05, Benjamini-Hochberg corrected). The classifier was also related to proinflammatory cytokine levels in serum (p=0.038). Furthermore, miRNAs that predicted conversion status were found to do so in a manner partially mediated by rate of cortical thinning (point estimate=0.078 (95% CIs: 0.003, 0.168), p=0.03). Many of the miRNAs identified here have been previously implicated in brain development, synaptic plasticity, immune function and/or schizophrenia, showing some convergence across studies and methodologies. Altered intracellular signaling within the immune system may interact with cortical maturation in individuals at high risk for schizophrenia promoting disease onset.
Variable Importance Matching for Causal Inference
Creators: name: Lanners, Quinn
name: Parikh, Harsh
name: Volfovsky, Alexander
name: Rudin, Cynthia
name: Page, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Econometrics (econ.EM)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Our goal is to produce methods for observational causal inference that are auditable, easy to troubleshoot, accurate for treatment effect estimation, and scalable to high-dimensional data. We describe a general framework called Model-to-Match that achieves these goals by (i) learning a distance metric via outcome modeling, (ii) creating matched groups using the distance metric, and (iii) using the matched groups to estimate treatment effects. Model-to-Match uses variable importance measurements to construct a distance metric, making it a flexible framework that can be adapted to various applications. Concentrating on the scalability of the problem in the number of potential confounders, we operationalize the Model-to-Match framework with LASSO. We derive performance guarantees for settings where LASSO outcome modeling consistently identifies all confounders (importantly without requiring the linear model to be correctly specified). We also provide experimental results demonstrating the method's auditability, accuracy, and scalability as well as extensions to more general nonparametric outcome modeling.
РАЗВИТИЕ И СОВЕРШЕНСТВОВАНИЕ ЗАКОНОДАТЕЛЬНОГО ЗАКРЕПЛЕНИЯ МЕХАНИЗМА ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ЗАЩИТЫ ПРАВ И СВОБОД ЧЕЛОВЕКА И ГРАЖДАНИНА В РОССИИ
Creators: name: МЕЦГЕР АНДРЕЙ АЛЕКСАНДРОВИЧ
Publisher: name: Образование. Наука. Научные кадры
Year: 2020
Subjects: ПРАВА И СВОБОДЫ ЧЕЛОВЕКА
ПРАВОПРИМЕНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ
ПРАВА ГРАЖДАН
ЛИЧНОСТЬ
ГОСУДАРСТВО
ГАРАНТИИ ПРАВ
HUMAN RIGHTS AND FREEDOMS
LAW ENFORCEMENT
CITIZENS 'RIGHTS
PERSON
STATE
GUARANTEES OF RIGHTS

description: Система государственной защиты выступает главным структурным элементом в механизме конституционно-правовой защиты прав и свобод человека и гражданина в Российской Федерации. В целом конституционная система государственной защиты прав и свобод человека и гражданина в Российской Федерации обретает реальные качественные характеристики через правозащитную деятельность уполномоченных государственных органов, ведущими из которых являются органы внутренних дел, чья правозащитная деятельность направлена на соблюдение, охрану и защиту прав и свобод человека и гражданина в России.The system of State protection is the main structural element in the mechanism of constitutional and legal protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation. In general, the constitutional system of State protection of human and civil rights and freedoms in the Russian Federation acquires real qualitative characteristics through the human rights activities of authorized State bodies, which are led by internal affairs bodies whose human rights activities are aimed at respecting, protecting and protecting human and civil rights and freedoms in Russia.
Giant magnetic field from moiré induced Berry phase in homobilayer semiconductors
Creators: name: Yu, Hongyi
name: Chen, Mingxing
name: Yao, Wang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: When quasiparticles move in condensed matters, the texture of their internal quantum structure as a function of position and momentum can give rise to Berry phases that have profound effects on materials properties. Seminal examples include the anomalous Hall and spin Hall effects from the momentum-space Berry phases in homogeneous crystals. Here we explore a conjugate form of electron Berry phase arising from the moiré pattern, the texture of atomic configurations in real space. In homobilayer transition metal dichalcogenides, we show the real-space Berry phase from moiré manifests as a periodic magnetic field up to hundreds of Tesla. This quantity tells apart moiré patterns from different origins, which can have identical potential landscape but opposite quantized magnetic flux per supercell. For low energy carriers, the homobilayer moirés realize topological flux lattices for the quantum spin Hall effect. An interlayer bias can continuously tune the spatial profile of moiré magnetic field, whereas the flux per supercell is a topological quantity that can only have a quantized jump observable at moderate bias. We also reveal the important role of the non-Abelian Berry phase in shaping the energy landscape in small moiré. Our work points to new possibilities to access ultra-high magnetic field that can be tailored in the nanoscale by electrical and mechanical controls.
title: Modelling and Predicting Energy Usage from Smart Meter Data and Consumer behaviours in Residential Houses.
Creators: name: Mwansa, M
Publisher: name: Liverpool John Moores University
Year: 2022

description: Efforts of electrical utilities to respond to climate change requires the development of increasingly sophisticated, integrated electrical grids referred to as the smart grids. Much of the smart grid effort focuses on the integration of renewable generation into the electricity grid and on increased monitoring and automation of electrical transmission functions. However, a key component of smart grid development is the introduction of the smart electrical meter for all residential electrical customers. Smart meter deployment is the corner stone of the smart grid. In addition to adding new functionality to support system reliability, smart meters provide the technological means for utilities to institute new programs to allow their customers to better manage and reduce their electricity use and to support increased renewable generation to reduce greenhouse emissions from electricity use. As such, this thesis presents our research towards the study of how the data (energy usage profiles) produced by the smart meters within the smart grid system of residential homes is used to profile energy usage in homes and detect users with high fuel consumption levels. This project concerns the use of advanced machine learning algorithms to model and predict household behaviour patterns from smart meter readings. The aim is to learn and understand the behavioural trends in homes (as demonstrated in chapter 5). The thesis shows the trends of how energy is used in residential homes. By obtaining these behavioural trends, it is possible for utility companies to come up with incentives that can be beneficial to home users on changes that can be adopted to reduce their carbon emissions. For example consumers would be more likely prompted to turn of unusable appliances that are consuming high energy around the home e.g., lighting in rooms which are un occupied. The data used for the research is constructed from a digital simulation model of a smart home environment comprised of 5 residential houses. The model can capture data from this simulated network of houses, hence providing an abundance set of information for utility companies and data scientist to promote reductions in energy usage. The simulation model produces volumes of outliers such as high periods (peak hours) of energy usage and low periods (Off peak hours) of anomalous energy consumption within the residential setting of five homes. To achieve this, performance characteristics on a dataset comprised of wealthy data readings from 5 homes is analysed using Area under ROC Curve (AUC), Precision, F1 score, Accuracy and Recall. The highest result is achieved using the Two-Class Decision Forest classifier, which achieved 87.6% AUC.
title: Perception of urban subdivisions in pedestrian movement simulation
Creators: name: Filomena, Gabriele
name: Manley, Ed
name: Verstegen, Judith
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 000 Computer science, information, general works
subject: 910 Geography and travel

description: The perception of urban subdivisions, deriving from regionalisation processes and the identification of separating elements (barriers), has proven to dynamically shape peoples’ cognitive representations of space and route choice behaviour in cities. However, existing Agent-Based Models (ABMs) for pedestrian simulation have not accounted for these particular cognitive mapping processes. The aim of this paper is to explore the behaviour of pedestrian agents endowed with knowledge about urban subdivisions. Drawing from literature in spatial cognition, we adapted a region-based route choice model, which contemplates a high- and a local planning level, and advanced a barrier-based route choice model, wherein the influence of separating elements is manipulated. Finally, we combined these two approaches in a region-barrier based model. The patterns emerging from the movement of agents employing such approaches were examined in the city centres of London and Paris. The introduction of regions in the routing mechanisms reduced the unbalanced concentration of agents across the street network brought up by the widely employed least cumulative angular change model (-.08 Gini coefficient). The inclusion of barriers further raised the dispersal of the agents through secondary roads, while leading agents to walk along waterfronts and across parks; it also yielded a more regular usage of pedestrian roads. Moreover, the region- and the region-barrier based routes showed deviation ratio values from the road distance shortest path (region-based: 1.18 London, 1.16 Paris, region-barrier based: 1.43 London, 1.33 Paris) consistent with empirical observations from pedestrian behaviour research. A further evaluation of the model with macro-level observational data may enhance the understanding of pedestrian dynamics and help tuning the interplay amongst urban salient elements at the agent level. Yet, we consider the movement flows arising from our current implementation insightful for assessing the distribution of pedestrians and testing possible interventions for the design of legible and walkable spaces.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Westfälischen Wilhelms-Universität Münster (WWU Münster).
Biomaterials and microfabrication techniques for improved peripheral nerve regeneration
Creators: name: Song, Minjung
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2007

description: Following severe nerve injuries, surgery is required to physically reconnect the injured nerve for regeneration. Auto-grafting is typically considered to be the most effective method, but is problematic in terms of the limited supply of suitable nerves. Various artificial nerve materials are under investigation, but the lack of directional cues, biomolecular support, and the effects of inflammation at injury site limit the complete regeneration. Protein micropatterned surfaces generated by microcontact printing and micron scale plasma-initiated patterning allow the cellular environment to be manipulated by providing chemical and physical cues to neural cells. The first objective of this study is to modify these cues to control neural cell growth. Laminin, a common chemical cue, was modified by RGD conjugation to improve Schwann cell adhesion. This chemical cue modification resulted in improved Schwann cell adhesion and guidance. To change the physical cues, various micropattern dimensions ranging from 10 to 50 µm stripes with a consistent 40 µm space were prepared; neuron growth and guidance was optimal on the 40 µm striped pattern. The second objective was to generate a novel biomolecular gradient system using microfluidic techniques. Controlling the microfluidic channel dimensions, flow rate, and collagen gel properties created a three-dimensional, adhesive gradient within a collagen gel. The specific impact of the biomolecular gradient on neuron growth can be evaluated.The final objective was to utilize non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) based - poly(anhydride-esters) (PAE) for nerve regeneration. These polymers are biodegradable and release NSAIDs upon hydrolytic degradation. The compatibility of four polymers with neurons and Schwann cells was evaluated; the salicylic acid-based PAE (SAA) proved the most biocompatible. The SAA nerve guidance conduit was fabricated and conduit properties characterized. Sufficient mechanical strength and biocompatibility of the conduit was demonstrated. This work demonstrates that nerve regeneration can be enhanced and improved by controlling neural cell guidance using micropatterned surfaces, fabricating a biomolecular gradient system using a microfluidic technique to investigate its impact on neuron growth, and applying drug-containing polymers as a nerve guidance conduit.
Reproducibility and Visual Inspection of Data
Creators: name: Perkins, D.O.
name: Jeffries, C.D.
Publisher: name: Elsevier USA
Year: 2016

description: In 2011, Moreau et al. reported in Biological Psychiatry findings concerning patterns of microRNA (miRNA) expression in postmortem samples from prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 9) from the Stanley Medical Research Institute (SMRI) (Chevy Chase, Maryland). They used advanced statistical techniques and miRNA assays by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (TaqMan probes; Applied Biosystems, Foster City, California) for the canonical sequences in early versions of miRBase (http://www.mirbase.org/). All demographics, sample processing, and data analysis steps were carefully described in their article. The main conclusion was that certain miRNAs were distinguished in comparisons of samples from unaffected control subjects versus samples from subjects with schizophrenia and versus samples from subjects with bipolar disorder. They identified 24 miRNAs in particular with distinctive fold changes [Figure 1 in Moreau et al. (1)].