cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Reset Sequences for Finite Automata with Application to Design of Parts Orienters
Creators: name: Eppstein, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1987
Subjects: Computer science

description: Natarajan reduced the problem of designing a certain type of mechanical parts orienter to that of finding reset sequences for monotonic deterministic finite automata. He gave algorithms that in polynomial time either find such sequences or prove that no such sequence exists. In this paper we present a new algorithm based on breadth first search that runs in faster asymptotic time than Natarajan's algorithms, and in addition finds the shortest possible reset sequence if such a sequence exists. We give tight bounds on the length of the minimum reset sequence. We further improve the time and space bounds of another algorithm given by Natarajan, which finds reset sequences for general automata in the special case that all states are initially possible.
Colorado water, June 2006
Creators: name: Anderson, Rebecca
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Numbering on piece, vol. 24 is incorrect.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center at Colorado State University.
Running mass, effective energy and confinement: the lattice quark propagator in Coulomb gauge
Creators: name: Burgio, G.
name: Schröck, M.
name: Reinhardt, H.
name: Quandt, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the lattice quark propagator in Coulomb gauge both from dynamical and quenched configurations. We show that in the continuum limit both the static and full quark propagator are multiplicatively renormalizable. From the propagator we extract the quark renormalization function Z(|p|) and the running mass M(|p|) and extrapolate the latter to the chiral limit. We find that M(|p|) practically coincides with the corresponding Landau gauge function for small momenta. The computation of M(|p|) can be however made more efficient in Coulomb gauge; this can lead to a better determination of the chiral mass and the quark anomalous dimension. Moreover from the structure of the full propagator we can read off an expression for the dispersion relation of quarks, compatible with an IR divergent effective energy. If confirmed on larger volumes this finding would allow to extend the Gribov-Zwanziger confinement mechanism to the fermionic sector of QCD.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures, 1 table. References added and corrected, some issues clarified. To appear in PRD
GRAND: Git Revisions As Named Data
Creators: name: Janak, Jan
name: Lee, Jae Woo
name: Schulzrinne, Henning G.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Computer science

description: GRAND is an experimental extension of Git, a distributed revision control system, which enables the synchronization of Git repositories over Content-Centric Networks (CCN). GRAND brings some of the benefits of CCN to Git, such as transparent caching, load balancing, and the ability to fetch objects by name rather than location. Our implementation is based on CCNx, a reference implementation of content router. The current prototype consists of two components: git-daemon-ccnx allows a node to publish its local Git repositories to CCNx Content Store; git-remote-ccnx implements CCNx transport on the client side. This adds CCN to the set of transport protocols supported by Git, alongside HTTP and SSH.
Morphological and molecular examinations of a northwestern Indian Ocean population of the African angelshark, Squatina cf. africana Regan, 1908 (Chondricthyes: Squatiniformes: Squatinidae) with remarks on intraspecific variations
Creators: name: Tassapon Krajangdara
Publisher: name: Phuket Marine Biological Center
Year: 2021
Subjects: African angelshark, Squatina cf. africana, Indian Ocean, species identification, morphological variation, DNA barcoding

description: Phuket Marine Biological Center Research Bulletin, 79, 1, 1730
Electric-field-induced coherent coupling of the exciton states in a single quantum dot
Creators: name: Bennett, A. J.
name: Pooley, M. A.
name: Stevenson, R. M.
name: Ward, M. B.
name: Patel, R. B.
name: de la Giroday, A. Boyer
name: Sköld, N.
name: Farrer, I.
name: Nicoll, C. A.
name: Ritchie, D. A.
name: Shields, A. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The signature of coherent coupling between two quantum states is an anticrossing in their energies as one is swept through the other. In single semiconductor quantum dots containing an electron-hole pair the eigenstates form a two-level system that can be used to demonstrate quantum effects in the solid state, but in all previous work these states were independent. Here we describe a technique to control the energetic splitting of these states using a vertical electric field, facilitating the observation of coherent coupling between them. Near the minimum splitting the eigenstates rotate in the plane of the sample, being orientated at 45° when the splitting is smallest. Using this system we show direct control over the exciton states in one quantum dot, leading to the generation of entangled photon pairs.
Urban revitalization and healthy public spaces, a critical discourse analysis
Creators: name: Haber, Rebecca
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In the past decade, Vancouver’s Downtown Eastside (DTES) has been the target of the Vancouver Agreement and the DTES Revitalization Program – two programs aiming to revitalize the neighbourhood and create a healthy community. Planning interventions in public spaces have a unique position in this environment. Public spaces should be accessible to all; however, in the process of revitalization, low-income or otherwise marginalized residents are frequently excluded. The purpose of my thesis was to critically assess the way revitalization efforts in the DTES envision healthy public spaces and contribute to (in)equitable conditions in the area. I have done this by describing how the language used in urban revitalization planning compares to the dialogue of low-income residents in representing public spaces in the DTES. The use of language (i.e., discourse) contributes to understandings of places and their inhabitants. Features such as grammar and sentence structure reveal what issues are highlighted or suppressed, what assumptions are made, and how actions are justified. I used critical discourse analysis to analyze two sets of texts: 1) planning documents from the Vancouver Agreement and DTES Revitalization Program and 2) 6 interviews and 1 focus group with local residents on healthy and unhealthy places in their neighbourhood. My results show that while the planning texts present revitalization outcomes as uniformly positive (e.g., economic revitalization, participation, and visibility of public spaces), resident interviews highlight aspects that serve to marginalize individuals (e.g., displacing homeless people) or eliminate activities that currently fulfill everyday needs (e.g., buying goods from street vendors). The planning texts combine the goals of community health and increased economic activity in the DTES; however, interviewees separate these goals and identify ways they are incompatible. In this way, the planning texts do not acknowledge inequality, and low-income residents do not recognize revitalization’s purported benefits. Community health and local planning are connected, but the goal of improving health may not be compatible with some planning imperatives. This highlights the need to exercise caution in integrating health and planning efforts and ensure that community improvements are equitable, prioritizing people who need them most.
Automated Quality Assessment of Natural Language Requirements
Creators: name: Kummler, Patrick S.
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021
Subjects: Machine Learning
Natural Language Processing
Requirements Engineering
Requirements Management
Requirements Quality

description: High demands on quality and increasing complexity are major challenges in the development of industrial software in general. The development of automotive software in particular is subject to additional safety, security, and legal demands. In such software projects, the specification of requirements is the first concrete output of the development process and usually the basis for communication between manufacturers and development partners. The quality of this output is therefore decisive for the success of a software development project. In recent years, many efforts in academia and practice have been targeted towards securing and improving the quality of requirement specifications. Early improvement approaches concentrated on the assistance of developers in formulating their requirements. Other approaches focus on the use of formal methods; but despite several advantages, these are not widely applied in practice today. Most software requirements today are informal and still specified in natural language. Current and previous research mainly focuses on quality characteristics agreed upon by the software engineering community. They are described in the standard ISO/IEC/IEEE 29148:2011, which offers nine essential characteristics for requirements quality. Several approaches focus additionally on measurable indicators that can be derived from text. More recent publications target the automated analysis of requirements by assessing their quality characteristics and by utilizing methods from natural language processing and techniques from machine learning. This thesis focuses in particular on the reliability and accuracy in the assessment of requirements and addresses the relationships between textual indicators and quality characteristics as defined by global standards. In addition, an automated quality assessment of natural language requirements is implemented by using machine learning techniques. For this purpose, labeled data is captured through assessment sessions. In these sessions, experts from the automotive industry manually assess the quality characteristics of natural language requirements.% as defined in ISO 29148. The research is carried out in cooperation with an international engineering and consulting company and enables us to access requirements from automotive software development projects of safety and comfort functions. We demonstrate the applicability of our approach for real requirements and present promising results for an industry-wide application.
title: Zagadnienie dopuszczalności zastosowania klauzuli z art. 33 pkt 2 k.r.o. in fine w umowie darowizny o charakterze czysto zobowiązującym
Creators: name: Tenenbaum-Kulig, Monika
Publisher: name: E-Wydawnictwo. Prawnicza i Ekonomiczna Biblioteka Cyfrowa. Wydział Prawa, Administracji i Ekonomii Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego
Year: 2019

description: Przedmiotem artykułu jest analiza dopuszczalności zawarcia odmiennego postanowienia w rozumieniu art. 33 pkt 2 k.r.o. in fine w umowie darowizny o charakterze czysto zobowiązującym. Odrzucenie wyrażanego w literaturze poglądu ograniczającego dopuszczalność zastosowania klauzuli, o której mowa, wyłącznie do umowy darowizny o podwójnym skutku zostało dokonane w wyniku analizy art. 33 pkt 2 k.r.o. oraz skutków prawnych zamieszczenia w umowie darowizny odmiennego postanowienia umownego w rozumieniu art. 33 pkt 2 k.r.o. in fine.
Colorado water, May/June 2012
Creators: name: Middleton, Lindsey A.
name: Colorado Water Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the state's research universities.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center of Colorado State University. Theme: Student research.
Model files "Séneca Hall, Alicante, Spain"
Creators: name: González, Sergio
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: 91301 Acoustics and Noise Control (excl. Architectural Acoustics)
subject: FOS: Mechanical engineering

description: Those files contain the necessary data to create a virtual model, in Catt-Acoustic, of " Séneca Hall(Alicante, Spain)".
Image Warping Among Arbitrary Planar Shapes
Creators: name: Wolberg, George
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1988
Subjects: Computer science

description: Image warping refers to the 2D resampling of a source image onto a target image. Despite the variety of techniques proposed, a large class of image warping problems remains inadequately solved: mapping between two images which are delimited by arbitrary, closed, planar curves, e.g., hand-drawn curves. This paper describes a novel algorithm to perform image warping among arbitrary planar shapes whose boundary correspondences are known. A generalized polar coordinate parameterization is introduced to facilitate an efficient mapping procedure. Images are treated as collections of interior layers, extracted via a thinning process. Mapping these layers between the source and target images generates the 2D resampling grid that defines the warping. The thinning operation extends the standard polar coordinate representation to deal with arbitrary shapes.
Borehole geophysical methods for near-surface characterization
Creators: name: Miong, Soo-Kyung
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 91-94
description: some pages are in colour
description: This thesis examines the application of VSP techniques for near-surface characterization. First analyzed are multi-offset VSP datasets which were acquired in August 2006, using geophone and hydrophone sensors over depths of 4 m to 40 rn, in the West Castle River area of southern Alberta. The hydrophone VSP shows superior data r quality compared to the geophone VSP. P-wave velocity models obtained f om the VSP analysis give velocities that range from 670 mis in the unconsolidated near-surface material to 3500 mis in the deeper competent shales. The position of the seismic reflectors in the VSPCDP stack of the data agree reasonably well with position of the lithologic boundaries identified by the driller; especially the tops of three water-bearing gravel layers that are resolved by the VSPCDP stack. A more extensive set of field tests was carried out in July 2007, near Priddis, Alberta. Shallow well logs, VSP, and 2D and 3D seismic reflection survey data were collected at the geophysical test site near the Rothney Astrophysical Observatory. According to well log analyses, a major fracture and four porous sandstone units were identified at depths of 28 m, 39 m, 50 m, 61 m, and 120 m with porosities ranging from 0.34 to 0.58. The respective P-wave velocities of clean sandstone and shale zones are 3200 mis and 2300 mis after calibrating the sonic velocities using the VSP data. Five zones of interest are interpreted in the VSP images and they correlate with the 3D and 2D seismic results; especially the fracture zone at 28 m - the largest source of groundwater in the test well - and the thick, possibly water-bearing, sandstone unit at 60 m. The correlation of the various borehole and seismic data demonstrate the efficacy of these techniques for near-surface characterization.
Remotomyia longipalpus Londt 1983, spec. nov.
Creators: name: Londt, Jason G. H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1983
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Asilidae
Remotomyia
Remotomyia longipalpus

description: Remotomyia longipalpus spec. nov. Figs 43-45 Derivation: L. longus = long; palpus = sensory organ associated with mouthparts. Description: Based on the unique holotype specimen. Head: Antenna brown-orange except for microsegment which is brown; enlarged scape equipped with many white bristles and setae; pedicel shortish with only a few white setae (mainly dorsally). Face orange, silver-gold pruinose; proﬁle not as fiat as in albosetatus but projecting slightly in dorsal part. Mystax of white bristles and setae. Vertex orange, silver-gold pruinose; lateral margins with pale yellow bristles. Ocellarium weakly projecting, with about 14 yellowish bristles. Occiput probably orangebrown but heavily silver-gold pruinose; postorbital bristles pale yellow. Proboscis dark red-brown with reddish and orange markings; ﬁne yellow setas ventrally. Thorax: Pleura brown-orange, gold pruinose, ﬁne setae white. Katatergite with ca. 10 shortish pale yellow bristles and fine setae. Antepronotum with white bristles; lateral lobes of pronotum lack bristles. Anatergite with a good group of ﬁne yellowish setae laterally. Mesonotum orange-brown with brown longitudinal strips; gold pruinose except on strips. Postpronotal lobes with about 8 yellow bristles and tiny white setae; ca. 6-8 notopleural bristles; 4 supra-alars; 7-8 postalars, all yellow white. Dorsocentral bristles poorly developed, conﬁned to about 5 pairs posterior of transverse suture. Scutellum with 11 marginal bristles; disc with a few isolated yellowish setae. Halters pale yellow with slightly darker proximal parts. Legs: femora and tibiae dark red-brown ventrally orange dorsally, tarsi brown-orange; bristles and setae all white. Claws black with proximal halves brownish; empodium black, slender. Wings: 11,6><4,5 mm, membrane transparent, slightly yellow-stained along veins; cell fã closed and stalked; cell m 3 narrowly open on wing margin; cup closed on wing margin. Abdomen: Orange-brown with dark brown median and lateral markings; tg 1 with yellowish bristles laterally, all other terga with white setae only. ô genitalia as in Figs 43-45; fused gonocoxites not particularly well developed, shorter than epandrial lobes. MATERIAL EXAMINED. BOTSWANA: 1 ♂ Holotype, Serowe, 6. ix. 1 9 82, Forchhammer, plantation (NM). NM Type No. 2657. Remarks: An unusual Remotomyia in that the palpi are long and thin.
description: Published as part of Londt, Jason G. H., 1983, The Genus Daspletis Loew, 1858 And The Description Of Two New Genera, Anasillomos And Remotomyia (Diptera: Asilidae: Stenopogoninae), pp. 283-308 in Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 46 (2) on pages 304-306, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11781
Refining new-physics searches in B -> D tau nu decay with lattice QCD
Creators: name: Bailey, Jon A.
name: Bazavov, A.
name: Bernard, C.
name: Bouchard, C. M.
name: DeTar, C.
name: Du, Daping
name: El-Khadra, A. X.
name: Foley, J.
name: Freeland, E. D.
name: Gamiz, E.
name: Gottlieb, Steven
name: Heller, U. M.
name: Kim, Jongjeong
name: Kronfeld, A. S.
name: Laiho, J.
name: Levkova, L.
name: Mackenzie, P. B.
name: Meurice, Y.
name: Neil, E. T.
name: Oktay, M. B.
name: Qiu, Si-Wei
name: Simone, J. N.
name: Sugar, R.
name: Toussaint, D.
name: Van de Water, R. S.
name: Zhou, Ran
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The semileptonic decay channel B -> D tau nu is sensitive to the presence of a scalar current, such as that mediated by a charged-Higgs boson. Recently the BaBar experiment reported the first observation of the exclusive semileptonic decay B -> D tau nu, finding an approximately 2-sigma disagreement with the Standard-Model prediction for the ratio R(D)=BR(B->D tau nu)/BR(B->D l nu), where l=e,mu. We compute this ratio of branching fractions using hadronic form factors computed in unquenched lattice QCD and obtain R(D) = 0.316(12)(7), where the errors are statistical and total systematic, respectively. This result is the first Standard-Model calculation of R(D) from ab initio full QCD. Its error is smaller than that of previous estimates, primarily due to the reduced uncertainty in the scalar form factor f_0(q^2). Our determination of R(D) is approximately 1-sigma higher than previous estimates and, thus, reduces the tension with experiment. We also compute R(D) in models with electrically charged scalar exchange, such as the type II two-Higgs doublet model. Once again, our result is consistent with, but approximately 1-sigma higher than, previous estimates for phenomenologically relevant values of the scalar coupling in the type II model. As a byproduct of our calculation, we also present the Standard-Model prediction for the longitudinal polarization ratio P_L (D)= 0.325(4)(3).
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. References and text added. Fig. 3 R(D) in 2HDM II corrected and conclusions modified. Standard-Model R(D) unchanged
A First Order Analysis of Lighting, Shading, and Shadows
Creators: name: Ramamoorthi, Ravi
name: Mahajan, Dhruv
name: Belhumeur, Peter N.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: The shading in a scene depends on a combination of many factors---how the lighting varies spatially across a surface, how it varies along different directions, the geometric curvature and reflectance properties of objects, and the locations of soft shadows. In this paper, we conduct a complete first order or gradient analysis of lighting, shading and shadows, showing how each factor separately contributes to scene appearance, and when it is important. Gradients are well suited for analyzing the intricate combination of appearance effects, since each gradient term corresponds directly to variation in a specific factor. First, we show how the spatial {\em and} directional gradients of the light field change, as light interacts with curved objects. This extends the recent frequency analysis of Durand et al.\ to gradients, and has many advantages for operations, like bump-mapping, that are difficult to analyze in the Fourier domain. Second, we consider the individual terms responsible for shading gradients, such as lighting variation, convolution with the surface BRDF, and the object's curvature. This analysis indicates the relative importance of various terms, and shows precisely how they combine in shading. As one practical application, our theoretical framework can be used to adaptively sample images in high-gradient regions for efficient rendering. Third, we understand the effects of soft shadows, computing accurate visibility gradients. We generalize previous work to arbitrary curved occluders, and develop a local framework that is easy to integrate with conventional ray-tracing methods. Our visibility gradients can be directly used in practical gradient interpolation methods for efficient rendering.
Optical homodyne tomography with polynomial series expansion
Creators: name: Benichi, Hugo
name: Furusawa, Akira
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present and demonstrate a method for optical homodyne tomography based on the inverse Radon transform. Different from the usual filtered back-projection algorithm, this method uses an appropriate polynomial series to expand the Wigner function and the marginal distribution and discretize Fourier space. We show that this technique solves most technical difficulties encountered with kernel deconvolution based methods and reconstructs overall better and smoother Wigner functions. We also give estimators of the reconstruction errors for both methods and show improvement in noise handling properties and resilience to statistical errors.
description: v3: 3 typos were corrected in some mathematical expressions. v2: Many typos corrected. Added a paragraph on distance to target state in Sec. IV
Colorado water, April 1997
Creators: name: Rewey, Liz
name: Schmidt, Laurie
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Colorado Water Resources Research Institute.
Integrating Categorization, Clustering, and Summarization for Daily News Browsing
Creators: name: Barzilay, Regina
name: Evans, David Kirk
name: Vasileios, Kemerlis
name: Sigelman, Sergey
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: Recently, there have been significant advances in several areas of language technology, including clustering, text categorization, and summarization. However, efforts to combine technology from these areas in a practical system for information access have been limited. In this paper, we present a system that integrates cutting-edge technology in these areas to automatically collect news articles from multiple sources, organize them and present them in both hierarchical and text summary form. Our system is publicly available and runs daily over real data. Through a sizable user evaluation, we show that users strongly prefer using the advanced features incorporated in our system, and that these features help users achieve more efficient browsing of news.
Detection of nano scale thin films with polarized neutron reflectometry at the presence of smooth and rough interfaces
Creators: name: Jahromi, Saeed S.
name: Masoudi, Seyed Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By knowing the phase and modules of the reflection coefficient in neutron reflectometry problems, a unique result for the scattering length density (SLD) of a thin film can be determined which will lead to the exact determination of type and thickness of the film. In the past decade, several methods have been worked out to resolve the phase problem such as dwell time method, reference layer method and variation of surroundings, among which the reference method and variation of surroundings by using a magnetic substrate and polarized neutrons is of the most applicability. All of these methods are based on the solution of Schrodinger equation for a discontinuous and step-like potential at each interface. As in real sample there are some smearing and roughness at boundaries, consideration of smoothness and roughness of interfaces would affect the final output result. In this paper, we have investigated the effects of smoothness of interfaces on determination of the phase of reflection as well as the retrieval process of the SLD, by using a smooth varying function (Eckart potential). The effects of roughness of interfaces on the same parameters, have also been investigated by random variation of the interface around it mean position.
Supplementary document for Synchrotron-based X-ray Fluorescence Ghost Imaging - 6679253.pdf
Creators: name: Manni, Mathieu
name: Yehuda, Adi Ben
name: Klein, Yishay
name: Lukic, Bratislav
name: Kingston, Andrew
name: Rack, Alexander
name: Shwartz, Sharon
name: Viganò, Nicola
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2023
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Supplemental document
Strong magnetic instability in correlated metal Bi2Ir2O7
Creators: name: Qi, T. F.
name: Korneta, O. B.
name: Wan, Xiangang
name: DeLong, L. E.
name: Schlottmann, P.
name: Cao, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of spin-orbit interactions and electronic correlations dominates the physical properties of pyrochlore iridates, R2Ir2O7 (R = Y, rare earth element), which are typically magnetic insulators. We report an experimental/theoretical study of single-crystal Bi2Ir2O7 where substitutions of Bi for R sensitively tips the balance between competing interactions so as to favor a metallic state with a strongly exchange enhanced paramagnetism. The ground state is characterized by the following features: (1) A divergent low-temperature magnetic susceptibility that indicates no long-range order down to 50 mK; (2) strongly field-dependent coefficients of the low-temperature T- and T3-terms of the specific heat; (3) a conspicuously large Wilson ratio R_W \approx 53.5; and (4) unusual temperature and field dependences of the Hall resistivity that abruptly change below 80 K, without any clear correlation with the magnetic behavior. All these unconventional properties suggest the existence of an exotic ground state in Bi2Ir2O7.
A Private Interactive Test of a Boolean Predicate and Minimum-Knowledge Public-Key Cryptosystems
Creators: name: Galil, Zvi
name: Haber, Stuart
name: Yung, Moti
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: We introduce a new two-party protocol with the following properties: 1. The protocol gives a proof of the value, 0 or 1, of a particular Boolean predicate which is (assumed to be) hard to compute. This extends the 'interactive proof systems' of (7), which are only used to prove that a certain predicate has value 1. 2. The protocol is provably minimum-knowledge ill the sense that it communicates no additional knowledge (besides the value of the predicate) that might be used, for example, to compromise the private key of a user of a public-key cryptosystem. 3. The protocol is result-indistinguishable: an eavesdropper, overhearing an execution of the protocol, does not know the value of the predicate that was proved. This bit is cryptographically secure. The protocol achieves this without the use of encryption functions, all messages being sent in the clear. These properties enable us to define a minimum-knowledge cryptosystem, in which each user receives exactly the knowledge he is supposed to receive and nothing more. In particular, the system is provably secure against both chosen-message and chosen-ciphertext attack. Moreover, extending the Diffie-Hellman model, it allows a user to encode messages to other users with his own public key. This enables a symmetric use of public-key encryption.
Colorado water, June 2002
Creators: name: Flanagan, Marian
name: Blackledge, Michael
name: Miller, Shirley
name: Colorado Water Resources Research Institute, Publisher
Publisher: name: Mountain Scholar
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Water resources development -- Colorado
subject: Water use -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Colorado
subject: Water-supply -- Management -- Colorado

description: The scope of the newsletter is devoted to enhancing communication between Colorado water users and managers and faculty at the research universities in the state.
description: Newsletter of the Water Center at Colorado State University.
Accelerating Access to Gene Therapies for Rare Disease Patients:  A Normative Approach
Creators: name: Holzer, Felicitas
name: Wäscher, Sebastian
name: März, Julian
name: Tag, Brigitte
name: Reichenbach, Janine
name: Biller-Andorno, Nikola
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: There is an increasing demand to ease regulatory barriers concerning gene therapies, aiming to expedite their development, accessibility, and approval. This urgency is particularly critical for individuals who suffer from rare diseases and often endure significant suffering or premature death, and who could substantially benefit from gene therapies in certain cases. In this article, we explore the normative criteria that should guide the discussion on whether current regulatory processes should persist or undergo streamlining to facilitate quicker drug access and approval for investigational gene therapies. Our proposed framework outlines five specific criteria, namely, 'intention', 'urgency', 'evidence', 'risks', and 'standardization'.
Sequential monitoring with conditional randomization tests
Creators: name: Plamadeala, Victoria
name: Rosenberger, William F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Sequential monitoring in clinical trials is often employed to allow for early stopping and other interim decisions, while maintaining the type I error rate. However, sequential monitoring is typically described only in the context of a population model. We describe a computational method to implement sequential monitoring in a randomization-based context. In particular, we discuss a new technique for the computation of approximate conditional tests following restricted randomization procedures and then apply this technique to approximate the joint distribution of sequentially computed conditional randomization tests. We also describe the computation of a randomization-based analog of the information fraction. We apply these techniques to a restricted randomization procedure, Efron's [Biometrika 58 (1971) 403--417] biased coin design. These techniques require derivation of certain conditional probabilities and conditional covariances of the randomization procedure. We employ combinatoric techniques to derive these for the biased coin design.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/11-AOS941 the Annals of Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aos/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
Impact of custom interconnect masks on cost and performance of structured ASICs
Creators: name: Ahmed, Usman
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: As process technology scales, the design effort and Non-Recurring Engineering (NRE) costs associated with the development of Integrated Circuits (ICs) is becoming extremely high. One of the main reasons is the high cost of preparing and processing IC fabrication masks. The design effort and cost can be reduced by employing Structured Application Specific ICs (Structured ASICs). Structured ASICs are partially fabricated ICs that require only a subset of design-specific custom masks for their completion. In this dissertation, we investigate the impact of design-specific masks on the area, delay, power, and die-cost of Structured ASICs. We divide Structured ASICs into two categories depending on the types of masks (metal and/or via masks) needed for customization: Metal-Programmable Structured ASICs (MPSAs) that require custom metal and via masks; and Via-Programmable Structured ASICs (VPSAs) that only require via masks for customization. We define the metal layers used for routing that can be configured by one or more via, or metal-and-via masks as configurable layers. We then investigate the area, delay, power, and cost trends for MPSAs and VPSAs as a function of configurable layers. The results show that the number of custom masks has a significant impact on die-cost. In small MPSAs (area < 100 sq.mm), two configurable layers result in the lowest cost, whereas the lowest cost in large MPSAs (area >100 sq.mm) is achieved with three or four configurable layers. The lowest cost in VPSAs is also obtained with four configurable layers. The best delay and power in MPSAs is achieved with three or four configurable layers. In VPSAs, four configurable layers lead to lowest power and delay, except when logic blocks have a large layout area. MPSAs have up to 5x, 10x, and 3.5x better area, delay, and power than VPSAs respectively. However, VPSAs can be up to 50% less expensive than MPSAs. The results also demonstrate that VPSAs are very sensitive to the architecture of fixed-metal segments; VPSAs with different fixed-metal architectures can have a gap of up to 60% in area, 89% in delay, 85% in power, and 36% in die-cost.
Statistical Acquisition of Content Selection Rules for Natural Language Generation
Creators: name: Duboue, Pablo A.
name: McKeown, Kathleen
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2003
Subjects: Computer science

description: A Natural Language Generation system produces text using as input semantic data. One of its very first tasks is to decide which pieces of information to convey in the output. This task, called Content Selection, is quite domain dependent, requiring considerable re-engineering to transport the system from one scenario to another. In (Duboue and McKeown, 2003), we presented a method to acquire content selection rules automatically from a corpus of text and associated semantics. Our proposed technique was evaluated by comparing its output with information selected by human authors in unseen texts, where we were able to filter half the input data set without loss of recall. This report contains additional technical information about our system.
General approach for studying first-order phase transitions at low temperatures
Creators: name: Fiore, C. E.
name: da Luz, M. G. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By combining different ideas, a general and efficient protocol to deal with discontinuous phase transitions at low temperatures is proposed. For small $T$'s, it is possible to derive a generic analytic expression for appropriate order parameters, whose coefficients are obtained from simple simulations. Once in such regimes simulations by standard algorithms are not reliable, an enhanced tempering method, the parallel tempering -- accurate for small and intermediate system sizes with rather low computational cost -- is used. Finally, from finite size analysis, one can obtain the thermodynamic limit. The procedure is illustrated for four distinct models, demonstrating its power, e.g., to locate coexistence lines and the phases density at the coexistence.
description: 5 pages
Domestic Violence and Children’s Rights
Creators: name: Feitor, Sandra
Publisher: name: De Legibus - Law Journal
Year: 2025

description: Domestic violence constitutes a grave violation of human dignity and individual rights. Unfortunately, inadequate communication and coordination between criminal and family courts often hinder the effective implementation of the Istanbul Convention. Even when interaction occurs, family court decisions can sometimes conflict with criminal convictions, leaving victims and their children without adequate protection. A striking example is the ruling of the Tribunal da Relação de Lisboa (TRL)1 of 11 January 2022,2 where the Court ordered a shared residence arrangement for a child with the abusive parent. This decision fails to comply with the Istanbul Convention, as well as with Articles 9 and 18 of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC), Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR), and Articles 41 and 47 of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (EU Charter), as it neglects to provide effective remedies and good administration of justice for the victims involved, once the child was also a witness victim of the aggressions against the mother.
description: De Legibus - Law Journal, n. 8 (2024): De Legibus - Revista de Direito da Universidade Lusófona Lisboa
Miss Manners: A Specialized Silicon Compiler for Synchronizers
Creators: name: Balraj, Timothy S.
name: Foster, Michael J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1985
Subjects: Computer science

description: Miss Manners is a synchronizer generator that will produce the layout of a synchronizer given a high-level description. A synchronizer generator is a type of specialized silicon compiler. Synchronizer generators can greatly aid the design of systems that are structured as loosely-coupled networks of autonomous subsystems. Chips that are structured in this way have reduced communication requirements and greater tolerance for transient failures. We describe a language for specifying synchronization requirements and a compiler for translating the language into circuits that enforce the specifications.
Transport Through an Electrostatically Defined Quantum Dot Lattice in a Two-Dimensional Electron Gas
Creators: name: Goswami, Srijit
name: Aamir, M. A.
name: Siegert, Christoph
name: Pepper, Michael
name: Farrer, Ian
name: Ritchie, David A.
name: Ghosh, Arindam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum dot lattices (QDLs) have the potential to allow for the tailoring of optical, magnetic and electronic properties of a user-defined artificial solid. We use a dual gated device structure to controllably tune the potential landscape in a GaAs/AlGaAs two-dimensional electron gas, thereby enabling the formation of a periodic QDL. The current-voltage characteristics, I(V), follow a power law, as expected for a QDL. In addition, a systematic study of the scaling behavior of I(V) allows us to probe the effects of background disorder on transport through the QDL. Our results are particularly important for semiconductor-based QDL architectures which aim to probe collective phenomena.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Star Formation in the Milky Way and Nearby Galaxies
Creators: name: Kennicutt, Robert C.
name: Evans, Neal J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review progress over the past decade in observations of large-scale star formation, with a focus on the interface between extragalactic and Galactic studies. Methods of measuring gas contents and star formation rates are discussed, and updated prescriptions for calculating star formation rates are provided. We review relations between star formation and gas on scales ranging from entire galaxies to individual molecular clouds.
description: 55 pages, 15 figures, in press for Annual Reviews of Astronomy and Astrophysics; Updated with corrected equation 5, improved references, and other minor changes
Exploring the Evolution of Research on Pharmacogenetic Testing in the Community Pharmacy Setting: A Scoping Review
Creators: Aref, Heba
Makowsky, Mark
Kung, Janice
Guirguis, Lisa
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2022

This was a poster presentation, presented at the Faculty of Pharmacy & Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Day 2022.
Discovery of Potent Apoptosis Signal-Regulating Kinase 1 Inhibitors via Integrated Computational Strategy and Biological Evaluation
Creators: name: Wang, Yuchen
name: Hou, Shaohua
name: Tong, Yu
name: Li, Hongmei
name: Hua, Yi
name: Fan, Yuanrong
name: Chen, Xingye
name: Yang, Yan
name: Liu, Haichun
name: Lu, Tao
name: Chen, Yadong
name: Zhang, Yanmin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology

description: Apoptosis signal-regulating Kinase 1 (ASK1) has been confirmed as a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) disorder and the discovery of ASK1 inhibitors has attracted increasing attention. In this work, a series of in silico methods including pharmacophore screening, docking binding site analysis, protein-ligand interaction fingerprint (PLIF) similarity investigation and molecular docking were applied to find the potential hits from commercial compound databases. Five compounds with potential inhibitory activity were purchased and submitted to biological activity validation. Thus, one hit compound was discovered with micromolar IC50 value (10.59 μM) against ASK1. Results demonstrated that the integration of computation methods and biological test was quite reliable for the discovery of potent ASK1 inhibitors and the strategy could be extended to other similar targets of interest.
First LHC Constraints on Neutralinos
Creators: name: Dreiner, Herbi K.
name: Kim, Jong Soo
name: Lebedev, Oleg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ATLAS and CMS collaborations have recently reported tantalizing hints of the existence of a 125 GeV Higgs--like particle, whose couplings appear to match well the Standard Model (SM) expectations. In this work, we study implications of this observation for the neutralino sector of supersymmetric models, assuming that the Higgs signal gets confirmed. In general, the Higgs decay into neutralinos can be one of its dominant decay channels. Since a large invisible Higgs decay branching ratio would be in conflict with the data, this possibility is now constrained. In particular, we find that most of the region mu < 170 GeV, M_1 < 70 GeV at tan beta ~ 10 and mu < 120 GeV, M_1 < 70 GeV at tan beta ~ 40 is disfavored.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures; to appear in PLB
Grassroots NGOs, civil society and environmental politics in China
Creators: name: Xu, Kai
Publisher: name: University of Calgary
Year: 2008

description: Bibliography: p. 223-247
description: The research highlights the new phenomenon of the proliferation of non-governmental organizations in China's environmental sector over the last decade (1994-2006), comparing the interactions of NGOs and governmental authorities in the three areas of environmental education, green community construction, and anti-dam campaigns in China. The study argues that the political nature of NGO activities is a major variable that determines the overall NGO-governmental interactions in China's environmental politics, even though other socio-economic variables, including central-local distinction, horizontal agency difference and NGO resources, still matter in some cases. The study further suggests that, in order to accurately capture the new dynamics in changing state society relations in China, it is necessary to differentiate between the related non-governmental activities on the basis of their different political nature rather than to simply treat the non-governmental sector as a whole. In environmental education, NGOs have largely maintained a "harmonious" relationship with relevant governmental agencies since their educational projects are considered largely apolitical. In green community construction, NGOs have developed a somewhat cooperative but potentially challenging relationship with the state due to their mixed roles as both environmental educators and democracy advocates. In dam construction, NGOs have had a contentious relationship with the Chinese state as their anti-dam campaigns are highly sensitive in nature. The study concludes that an NGO-led environmental civil society has been able to survive and develop within a somewhat compromised authoritarian state. While this civil society is relatively independent, it has maintained a largely "harmonious" or cooperative relationship with the Chinese state. Only in limited aspects, has this civil society developed a competitive and even contentious relationship with the Chinese state, even though it has not been able to directly confront the state. However, while it is still fairly weak at this stage, the increasing politicization of NGO activities means that this civil society could have strong implications for environmental governance and future democratization of China.