cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Impact of Integrated Aquaculture-agriculture Value Chain Participation on Welfare of Marginalized Indigenous Households in Bangladesh: A Panel Data Analysis
Creators: name: Islam, A.H.M.S.
name: Islam, A.H.M.S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: In the light of on-going debates about the sustainable agricultural intensification and sustainable development paradigms, this paper examined the linkages between integrated aquaculture-agriculture (IAA) value chain participation dynamics and the welfare of marginalized extremely poor indigenous households using a three-wave household panel dataset from Bangladesh. The distributional effect of IAA participation was also investigated by examining impacts across different value chain actors. We applied pooled Ordinary Least Squares, Random-Effects, and Standard Fixed-Effects, Heckit panel, and control function approaches to control for endogeneity of IAA participation and unobserved heterogeneity. We found that IAA value chain participation is positively correlated with household income, expenditure and the consumption frequency of certain foods, especially fish consumption, and the benefits continue to accrue after discontinuing participation in the value chain. The results reveal that IAA value chain participation has higher impacts on the welfare of relatively wealthier households involved in production related IAA value chain activities than on landless, extremely poor households that were involved in upstream and downstream IAA value chain activities. Acknowledgement : This is part of the author Doctoral dissertation. The author would like to thank particularly his supervisor Prof. Joachim von Braun for his continuous guidance and support. Our gratitude extends to the WorldFish for providing the first two rounds data sets, thereby enabling the construction of a three rounds panel dataset, and to the individual IAA value chain participators who participated in the field survey interviews. The author gratefully acknowledges financial support from the German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD) and from the Dr. Hermann Eiselen Doctoral Program of the Foundation fiat panis.
"Adrenalized fear": Crisis-management in United States House and Senate campaigns
Creators: name: Garrett, R. Sam
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: For more than 25 years, political scientists have studied how scandals affect congressional elections. This literature focuses on the external side of campaigns, which is valuable for exploring outcomes: loss in votes, fundraising and emergence of quality challengers resulting from candidates' ethical transgressions. However, existing work ignores broader campaign crises and the internal side of crisis-management in congressional campaigns. This project bridges the gap between theory and practice by allowing experienced political professionals to share their world through in-depth interviews and case studies. The findings reveal that political consultants, party officials and experienced campaign managers view campaign crises as complex, interactive events, many of which have nothing to do with scandal. Political professionals also report that crises affect campaigns in ways missed by the existing work on scandal. In addition to drawing a distinction between crises and scandals, the project makes significant contributions to the literature on political consulting, campaign organizations and congressional elections. The project also provides a first-hand account of how political professionals make strategic campaign decisions. The project employs a mixed methodology, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Original, in-depth interviews with more than 100 experienced political professionals are the heart of the data. Grounded theory and "thick description" are essential in giving political professionals leeway to think and talk at length about how they view crises and their impact on campaigns. The first half of the project focuses on building theory about campaign crises, especially how political professionals define campaign crises and how they believe crises affect campaign organizations and strategy and tactics. The first half of the project also develops a typology, which provides an analytical tool for considering crises as internal, external, expected and/or unexpected events. In the second half of the project, case studies of crisis-management in four U.S. Senate races test the theory developed in the first half of the project. Case studies include the 2002 races in Georgia, Minnesota and New Jersey, and the 2000 contest in Washington State.
PEAChY-M Statistical Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Selman, Christopher
name: Lee, Katherine
name: Bourke, Elyssia
name: Babl, Franz
name: Klein, Kate
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2024
Subjects: Health Sciences

description:  
Statistical Analysis Plan for Pharmacological Emergency Management of Agitation in Children and Young People (PEAChY-M)  

Signed version only available upon reasonable request
"Adrenalized fear": Crisis-management in United States House and Senate campaigns
Creators: name: Garrett, R. Sam
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: For more than 25 years, political scientists have studied how scandals affect congressional elections. This literature focuses on the external side of campaigns, which is valuable for exploring outcomes: loss in votes, fundraising and emergence of quality challengers resulting from candidates' ethical transgressions. However, existing work ignores broader campaign crises and the internal side of crisis-management in congressional campaigns. This project bridges the gap between theory and practice by allowing experienced political professionals to share their world through in-depth interviews and case studies. The findings reveal that political consultants, party officials and experienced campaign managers view campaign crises as complex, interactive events, many of which have nothing to do with scandal. Political professionals also report that crises affect campaigns in ways missed by the existing work on scandal. In addition to drawing a distinction between crises and scandals, the project makes significant contributions to the literature on political consulting, campaign organizations and congressional elections. The project also provides a first-hand account of how political professionals make strategic campaign decisions. The project employs a mixed methodology, combining qualitative and quantitative analysis. Original, in-depth interviews with more than 100 experienced political professionals are the heart of the data. Grounded theory and "thick description" are essential in giving political professionals leeway to think and talk at length about how they view crises and their impact on campaigns. The first half of the project focuses on building theory about campaign crises, especially how political professionals define campaign crises and how they believe crises affect campaign organizations and strategy and tactics. The first half of the project also develops a typology, which provides an analytical tool for considering crises as internal, external, expected and/or unexpected events. In the second half of the project, case studies of crisis-management in four U.S. Senate races test the theory developed in the first half of the project. Case studies include the 2002 races in Georgia, Minnesota and New Jersey, and the 2000 contest in Washington State.
Why did developers migrate Android applications from Java to Kotlin?
Creators: name: Martinez, Matias
name: Mateus, Bruno Gois
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Currently, the majority of apps running on mobile devices are Android apps developed in Java. However, developers can now write Android applications using a new programming language: Kotlin, which Google adopted in 2017 as an official programming language for developing Android apps. Since then, Android developers have been able to: a) start writing Android applications from scratch using Kotlin, b) evolve their existing Android applications written in Java by adding Kotlin code (possible thanks to the interoperability between the two languages), or c) migrate their Android apps from Java to Kotlin. This paper aims to study this last case. We conducted a qualitative study to find out why Android developers have migrated Java code to Kotlin and to bring together their experiences about the process, in order to identify the main difficulties they have faced. To execute the study, we first identified commits from open-source Android projects that have migrated Java code to Kotlin. Then, we emailed the developers that wrote those migrations. We thus obtained information from 98 developers who had migrated code from Java to Kotlin. This paper presents the main reasons identified by the study for performing the migration. We found that developers migrated Java code to Kotlin in order to access programming language features (e.g., extension functions, lambdas, smart casts) that are not available with Java for Android development, and to obtain safer code (i.e., avoid null-pointer exceptions). We also identified research directions that the research community could focus on in order to help developers to improve the experience of migrating their Java applications to Kotlin.
description: Published in IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Willingness to Pay for Certified Fresh Fruits in China: A Double-Hurdle Approach
Creators: name: Wang, L.
name: Wang, L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Consumer/Household Economics

description: The aim of the paper is to assess how consumers evaluate quality certificate and to what extent they are willing to pay a premium for fresh fruits with certificate. A double-hurdle model is applied to data obtained by interviewing 407 fresh fruit consumers in nine cities, China. Willingness-to-pay a premium was modeled as a function of a series of socio-economic variables, plus fruit attributes, perceptions on fruit safety, and risk attitudes. Results indicate that the most important factors influencing willingness to pay a premium involve in positive attitudes toward quality certificate, degree of attention to fruit safety, perception of importance on fruit attributes. The recorded consumer interest in safety and quality of fresh fruits reveals that a promising market for certified fruits could be developed by an adequate knowledge on fruit certificate and an effective market monitoring system. Acknowledgement : The research was funded by the China Agriculture Research System [grant numbers CARS-28]. The authors would like to thank the editor and anonymous reviewers for their constructive comments that greatly improved the manuscript.
Nonequilibrium Processes in Repulsive Binary Mixtures
Creators: name: Santos-Flórez, Pedro Antonio
name: de Koning, Maurice
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider rapid cooling processes in classical, 3-dimensional, purely repulsive binary mixtures in which an initial infinite-temperature (ideal-gas) configuration is instantly quenched to zero temperature. It is found that such systems display two kinds of ordering processes, the type of which can be controlled by tuning the interactions between unlike particles. While strong inter-species repulsion leads to chemical ordering in terms of an unmixing process, weak repulsion gives rise to spontaneous crystallization, maintaining chemical homogeneity. This result indicates the existence of a transition in the topography of the underlying potential-energy landscape as the intra-species interaction strength is varied. Furthermore, the dual-type behavior appears to be universal for repulsive pair-interaction potential-energy functions in general, with the propensity for the crystallization process being related to their behavior in the neighborhood of zero separation.
Analysis of polyethylenimine by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography
Creators: name: Gu, Jianghong
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: The efficient delivery of therapeutic genes into target cells or tissues is a critical goal in gene therapy. Polyethylenimine (PEI) has been widely proven to effectively transfer genes both in vitro and in vivo for various diseases. Studies have reported that PEI's efficiency as a gene delivery vehicle depends on its molecular weight and structure. However, commercial PEI has not been thoroughly characterized. Therefore the goal of this research is to develop methods to analyze commercial PEI, both linear and branched, through the use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and a combination of these two techniques. The method development involved the measurement of molecular weight distribution (MWD), the analysis of ion attachment, the determination of end groups, and the assessment of the degree of branching. The preliminary analysis of molecular weight distribution by ESI-MS showed that the MWD of each sample was found to be very similar. PEI analyzed by electrospray shows preferential ion attachments to most molecules. An ESI study with mono and divalent cations suggests the lithium cations appear to be the optimum candidate for cationization of ESI technique. The universal calibration concept was applied to analysis of molecular weight distribution by SEC. The result demonstrated the polymer structure played a dominant role in this study. Coupling ESI-MS with SEC technique enables the separation and characterization of complex polymer community. This study demonstrated the existence of two types of PEI molecules (non-cyclic and cyclic molecules). The end groups for these two types of PEI oligomers were obtained, respectively. To assess branching, imine derivatives of the PEI were prepared by reacting 7.5 equivalents of benzaldehyde and 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with PEI, respectively. ESI-MS spectra of the imine derivatives were compared and discussed. Analysis of PEI by ESI, SEC, and the combination of both techniques can provide valuable data, but the data is limited. For analysis of large PEI molecules, such as PEI-1800 or higher, the MALDI-TOF-MS technique may be needed to overcome the detection limit of ESI-MS technique.
Study of $ Theta^+(udud \bar s) $ in lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry
Creators: name: Chiu, Ting-Wai
name: Hsieh, Tung-Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the mass spectrum of the pentaquark baryon ($ udud \bar s $) in quenched lattice QCD with exact chiral symmetry. Using 3 different interpolating operators for $ Θ$, we measure the $ 3 \times 3 $ correlation matrix and obtain the eigenvalues $ A^{\pm} (t) $ with $ \pm $ parity, for 100 gauge configurations generated with Wilson gauge action at $ β= 6.1 $ on the $ 20^3 \times 40 $ lattice. For the lowest-lying $ J^P = 1/2^- $ state, its mass is almost identical to that of the KN S-wave, while for the lowest-lying $ J^P = 1/2^+ $ state, its mass is smaller than that of the KN P-wave, especially for the regime $ m_u < m_s $. By chiral extrapolation (linear in $m_π^2$) to $ m_π= 135 $ MeV, we obtain the masses of the lowest-lying states: $ m(1/2^-) = 1424(57) $ MeV and $ m(1/2^+) = 1562(121) $ MeV, in agreement with the masses of $ m_K + m_N \simeq 1430 $ MeV and $ Θ^+(1540) $ respectively.
description: LaTeX, 23 pages, 11 EPS figures, to appear in Physical Review D
Analysis of polyethylenimine by electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and size exclusion chromatography
Creators: name: Gu, Jianghong
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 34
subject: Chemical sciences
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
classificationCode: 3401
subject: Analytical chemistry

description: The efficient delivery of therapeutic genes into target cells or tissues is a critical goal in gene therapy. Polyethylenimine (PEI) has been widely proven to effectively transfer genes both in vitro and in vivo for various diseases. Studies have reported that PEI's efficiency as a gene delivery vehicle depends on its molecular weight and structure. However, commercial PEI has not been thoroughly characterized. Therefore the goal of this research is to develop methods to analyze commercial PEI, both linear and branched, through the use of electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS), size exclusion chromatography (SEC), and a combination of these two techniques. The method development involved the measurement of molecular weight distribution (MWD), the analysis of ion attachment, the determination of end groups, and the assessment of the degree of branching. The preliminary analysis of molecular weight distribution by ESI-MS showed that the MWD of each sample was found to be very similar. PEI analyzed by electrospray shows preferential ion attachments to most molecules. An ESI study with mono and divalent cations suggests the lithium cations appear to be the optimum candidate for cationization of ESI technique. The universal calibration concept was applied to analysis of molecular weight distribution by SEC. The result demonstrated the polymer structure played a dominant role in this study. Coupling ESI-MS with SEC technique enables the separation and characterization of complex polymer community. This study demonstrated the existence of two types of PEI molecules (non-cyclic and cyclic molecules). The end groups for these two types of PEI oligomers were obtained, respectively. To assess branching, imine derivatives of the PEI were prepared by reacting 7.5 equivalents of benzaldehyde and 4-fluorobenzaldehyde with PEI, respectively. ESI-MS spectra of the imine derivatives were compared and discussed. Analysis of PEI by ESI, SEC, and the combination of both techniques can provide valuable data, but the data is limited. For analysis of large PEI molecules, such as PEI-1800 or higher, the MALDI-TOF-MS technique may be needed to overcome the detection limit of ESI-MS technique.
Nomada hemphilli Cockerell 1903
Creators: name: Pedro, Diego De
name: Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara
name: Sagot, Philippe
name: López-Reyes, Eulogio
name: Mullins, Jessica L.
name: Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A.
name: Falcon-Brindis, Armando
name: Griswold, Terry
name: Ascher, John S.
name: Gardner, Joel
name: Ayala, Ricardo
name: Vides-Borrell, Eric
name: Vandame, Rémy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy

description: Nomada hemphilli Cockerell, 1903
[Holotype: ANSP; ♂ Southern California, California, USA]
Nomada hemphilli is native to the western USA, and BC, Mexico. Within BC, this species was reported by Hurd (1979) and confirmed by Ayala et al. (1996).
description: Published as part of Pedro, Diego De, Ceccarelli, Fadia Sara, Sagot, Philippe, López-Reyes, Eulogio, Mullins, Jessica L., Mérida-Rivas, Jorge A., Falcon-Brindis, Armando, Griswold, Terry, Ascher, John S., Gardner, Joel, Ayala, Ricardo, Vides-Borrell, Eric & Vandame, Rémy, 2024, Revealing the Baja California Peninsula's Hidden Treasures: An Annotated checklist of the native bees (Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Anthophila), pp. 1-391 in Zootaxa 5522 (1) on page 218, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5522.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/13920532
Recurrent Neural Network Wave Functions
Creators: name: Hibat-Allah, Mohamed
name: Ganahl, Martin
name: Hayward, Lauren E.
name: Melko, Roger G.
name: Carrasquilla, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A core technology that has emerged from the artificial intelligence revolution is the recurrent neural network (RNN). Its unique sequence-based architecture provides a tractable likelihood estimate with stable training paradigms, a combination that has precipitated many spectacular advances in natural language processing and neural machine translation. This architecture also makes a good candidate for a variational wave function, where the RNN parameters are tuned to learn the approximate ground state of a quantum Hamiltonian. In this paper, we demonstrate the ability of RNNs to represent several many-body wave functions, optimizing the variational parameters using a stochastic approach. Among other attractive features of these variational wave functions, their autoregressive nature allows for the efficient calculation of physical estimators by providing independent samples. We demonstrate the effectiveness of RNN wave functions by calculating ground state energies, correlation functions, and entanglement entropies for several quantum spin models of interest to condensed matter physicists in one and two spatial dimensions.
description: The GitHub link to the open-source code is fixed
The Spatial and Temporal Diffusion of Agricultural Land Prices
Creators: name: Ritter, M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Odening, M.
name: Ritter, M.
name: Yang, X.
name: Odening, M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2018
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: In the last decade, many parts of the world experienced severe increases in agricultural land prices. This price surge, however, did not take place evenly in space and time. To better understand the spatial and temporal behavior of land prices, we employ a price diffusion model that combines features of market integration models and spatial econometric models. An application of this model to farmland prices in Germany shows that prices on a county-level are cointegrated. Apart from convergence towards a long-run equilibrium, we find that price transmission also proceeds through short-term adjustments caused by neighboring regions. Acknowledgement : Financial support from the China Scholarship Council (CSC NO.201406990006) and the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) through Research Unit 2569 Agricultural Land Markets Efficiency and Regulation is gratefully acknowledged. The authors also thank Oberer Gutachterausschuss f r Grundst ckswerte in Niedersachsen (P. Ache) for providing the data used in the analysis.
PEAChY-M Statistical Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Selman, Christopher
name: Lee, Katherine
name: Bourke, Elyssia
name: Babl, Franz
name: Klein, Kate
Publisher: name: Murdoch Childrens Research Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health Sciences

description:  
Statistical Analysis Plan for Pharmacological Emergency Management of Agitation in Children and Young People (PEAChY-M)  

Signed version only available upon reasonable request
Factors related to appearance satisfaction among women native to the Mountain Ok area of Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Wesch, Sarah Louise
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Considerable emphasis has been placed on the role of Western culture in the development and maintenance of eating disorders and body dissatisfaction. Most of the research in this area has focused on the role of the thin beauty images promoted by Western media. However, there are other aspects of Western culture that could contribute to the development of these problems. In this study, the relationships between several aspects of Western cultural contact and body image satisfaction were explored. This was accomplished by comparing two groups of women with different levels of Western cultural contact (a mining town vs. a remote, rainforest village.) This sample was relatively unique, as women in the village had extremely limited contact with Western culture. For example, most women in the village had less than one year of formal education, had not seen television or read a fashion magazine. Data was collected on various aspects of body image satisfaction, including: skin color satisfaction, body size satisfaction, desire to change weight, desire to change height and other areas. Western cultural contact was operationalized as exposure to Western media (television, movies, magazines), Western-style education, and Christian religion. The majority of women, in women, in both areas, wanted to gain weight. Those with greater Western contact were less likely to admire obese body shapes and more likely to want to be taller. Those who wanted to be thinner and those who wanted to have longer, straighter hair had higher levels of Western contact. Contrary to expectations, it was those women with less Western cultural contact who were most likely to chose lighter skin colors as preferable.
Factors related to appearance satisfaction among women native to the Mountain Ok area of Papua New Guinea
Creators: name: Wesch, Sarah Louise
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 52
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
classificationCode: 5203
subject: Clinical and health psychology
classificationCode: 5205
subject: Social and personality psychology

description: Considerable emphasis has been placed on the role of Western culture in the development and maintenance of eating disorders and body dissatisfaction. Most of the research in this area has focused on the role of the thin beauty images promoted by Western media. However, there are other aspects of Western culture that could contribute to the development of these problems. In this study, the relationships between several aspects of Western cultural contact and body image satisfaction were explored. This was accomplished by comparing two groups of women with different levels of Western cultural contact (a mining town vs. a remote, rainforest village.) This sample was relatively unique, as women in the village had extremely limited contact with Western culture. For example, most women in the village had less than one year of formal education, had not seen television or read a fashion magazine. Data was collected on various aspects of body image satisfaction, including: skin color satisfaction, body size satisfaction, desire to change weight, desire to change height and other areas. Western cultural contact was operationalized as exposure to Western media (television, movies, magazines), Western-style education, and Christian religion. The majority of women, in women, in both areas, wanted to gain weight. Those with greater Western contact were less likely to admire obese body shapes and more likely to want to be taller. Those who wanted to be thinner and those who wanted to have longer, straighter hair had higher levels of Western contact. Contrary to expectations, it was those women with less Western cultural contact who were most likely to chose lighter skin colors as preferable.
Additional file 1 of Extreme temperature and out-of-hospital-cardiac-arrest. Nationwide study in a hot climate country
Creators: name: Kranc, Hannan
name: Novack, Victor
name: Shtein, Alexandra
name: Sherman, Rimma
name: Novack, Lena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table 1. Exploration of associations between the meteorological factors.
Energy Efficiency versus Economic Efficiency of Pollution Abatement in an Irrigated Farming Area of the Pacific Northwest
Creators: name: Obersinner, Vincent
name: Whittlesey, Norman K.
name: Obersinner, Vincent
name: Whittlesey, Norman K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1979
Subjects: Environmental Economics and Policy

description: The national goals of a cleaner environment and energy conservation are in conflict in many areas. This paper examines the energy requirements of abating pollution from irrigation return flows. It is shown, for the area studied, that pollution control practices need not increase the energy requirements of a particular farm. However, some energy intensive practices such as sprinkler systems may be chosen by farmers for reasons other than effective pollution abatement.
Rural-Urban Continuum Codes for Metro and Nonmetro Counties
Creators: name: Butler, Margaret A.
name: Butler, Margaret A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: County
subject: metro
subject: nonmetro
subject: urbanization
subject: adjacent

description: This report provides a one-digit code for each of 10 classifications for all U.S. counties. The classifications describe a county by degree of urbanization and nearness to a metro area. These codes allow researchers to break county data into finer residential groups than the standard metro-nonmetro classification of the Bureau of the Census.
Flexible Bayesian Nonlinear Model Configuration
Creators: name: Hubin, Aliaksandr
name: Storvik, Geir
name: Frommlet, Florian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computation (stat.CO)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 62-02, 62-09, 62F07, 62F15, 62J12, 62J05, 62J99, 62M05, 05A16, 60J22, 92D20, 90C27, 90C59

description: Regression models are used in a wide range of applications providing a powerful scientific tool for researchers from different fields. Linear, or simple parametric, models are often not sufficient to describe complex relationships between input variables and a response. Such relationships can be better described through flexible approaches such as neural networks, but this results in less interpretable models and potential overfitting. Alternatively, specific parametric nonlinear functions can be used, but the specification of such functions is in general complicated. In this paper, we introduce a flexible approach for the construction and selection of highly flexible nonlinear parametric regression models. Nonlinear features are generated hierarchically, similarly to deep learning, but have additional flexibility on the possible types of features to be considered. This flexibility, combined with variable selection, allows us to find a small set of important features and thereby more interpretable models. Within the space of possible functions, a Bayesian approach, introducing priors for functions based on their complexity, is considered. A genetically modified mode jumping Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithm is adopted to perform Bayesian inference and estimate posterior probabilities for model averaging. In various applications, we illustrate how our approach is used to obtain meaningful nonlinear models. Additionally, we compare its predictive performance with several machine learning algorithms.
description: 42 pages; 18 Tables. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1806.02160
African Americans and STEM: An examination of one intervention program
Creators: name: Gochenaur, Deborah L.
Publisher: name: American University
Year: 2023

description: Throughout the last century African Americans have struggled against segregation and for the right to equal job opportunities with equal pay and the right to equal educational opportunities. While segregation is no longer legal, the United States (US) has yet to reach equality in all aspects of society for African Americans. They have historically been underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). As the US STEM workforce continues to grow faster than the overall work-force, the need for college-trained STEM workers continues to increase. African Americans could help fill this gap. While African Americans comprise 11.3 percent of the US population 18 years or older, they hold just 4.4 percent of the STEM degreed-workforce positions. If the goal is parity, African Americans have quite a way to go until their share of degree attainment and positions in the STEM workforce matches their share of the US population. Numerous intervention programs are geared towards increasing the number of underrepresented minorities in STEM. These programs were developed to increase undergraduate retention and attainment rates, graduate degree attainment rates, and the rate at which students were entering the STEM workforce. Although many of these programs have conducted small self-studies, few have undergone extensive external program evaluation. As millions of dollars continue to pour into these programs, evaluation of their effectiveness at increasing the numbers of African Americans in STEM needs to be addressed. And, specifically, it needs to be determined whether there are certain program components that contribute more towards increasing those numbers. The primary question that this work will address is whether or not this intervention program increases the number of underrepresented minorities that complete their undergraduate STEM studies and continue on to STEM graduate study and then work in the STEM workforce with respect to historical departmental numbers. A logistic regression model will be tested for the strength of the relationship between the predictor variables and the response variable, for the significance of predictor variables, and for goodness-of-fit of the model. Interviews with past and present program participants as well as other primary stakeholders are conducted in order to give a richer understanding of the program being studied.
Early SU(4)_PS x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x SU(2)_H Unification of Quarks and Leptons
Creators: name: Buras, Andrzej J.
name: Hung, P. Q.
name: Tran, Ngoc-Khanh
name: Poschenrieder, Anton
name: Wyszomirski, Elmar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss various aspects of the early petite unification (PUT) of quarks and leptons based on the gauge group G_PUT=SU(4)_PS x SU(2)_L x SU(2)_R x SU(2)_H. This unification takes place at the scale M= O(1-2 TeV) and gives the correct value of sin^2 theta_W(M_Z^2) without the violation of the upper bound on the K_L -> mu e rate and the limits on FCNC processes. These properties require the existence of three new generations of unconventional quarks and leptons with charges up to 4/3 (for quarks) and 2 (for leptons) and masses O(250 GeV) in addition to the standard three generations of quarks and leptons. The horizontal group SU(2)_H connects the standard fermions with the unconventional ones. We work out the spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) of the gauge group G_PUT down to the SM gauge group, generalize the existing one-loop renormalization group (RG) analysis to the two-loop level including the contributions of Higgs scalars and Yukawa couplings, and demonstrate that the presence of three new generations of heavy unconventional quarks and leptons with masses O(250 GeV) is consistent with astrophysical constraints. The NLO and Higgs contributions to the RG analysis are significant while the Yukawa contributions can be neglected.
description: 47 pages, 3 figures
An Examination of Federal Reserve Behavior: An Applied Reaction Function Approach
Creators: name: Sundell, Paul A.
name: Sundell, Paul A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Federal funds rate
subject: reaction function
subject: intermediate target
subject: information variable
subject: trade weighted exchange rate

description: Federal Reserve behavior and interest rates are crucial determinants of the general well-being of the agricultural sector. This report investigates the factors that have influenced Federal Reserve policy and ultimately the level of interest rates. The author develops a partial adjustment model for the Federal funds rate and documents improved forecasting performance in comparison to competing models on an in-sample and out-of-sample basis. The author attributes the improved forecasting performance to the inclusion of international variables, a domestic banking default risk proxy, and slope dummy variables that capture shifts over time in the Federal Reserve's reaction to the unemployment rate and deviations in M1 from target.
African Americans and STEM: An examination of one intervention program
Creators: name: Gochenaur, Deborah L.
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 3901
subject: Curriculum and pedagogy
classificationCode: 3904
subject: Specialist studies in education

description: Throughout the last century African Americans have struggled against segregation and for the right to equal job opportunities with equal pay and the right to equal educational opportunities. While segregation is no longer legal, the United States (US) has yet to reach equality in all aspects of society for African Americans. They have historically been underrepresented in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). As the US STEM workforce continues to grow faster than the overall work-force, the need for college-trained STEM workers continues to increase. African Americans could help fill this gap. While African Americans comprise 11.3 percent of the US population 18 years or older, they hold just 4.4 percent of the STEM degreed-workforce positions. If the goal is parity, African Americans have quite a way to go until their share of degree attainment and positions in the STEM workforce matches their share of the US population. Numerous intervention programs are geared towards increasing the number of underrepresented minorities in STEM. These programs were developed to increase undergraduate retention and attainment rates, graduate degree attainment rates, and the rate at which students were entering the STEM workforce. Although many of these programs have conducted small self-studies, few have undergone extensive external program evaluation. As millions of dollars continue to pour into these programs, evaluation of their effectiveness at increasing the numbers of African Americans in STEM needs to be addressed. And, specifically, it needs to be determined whether there are certain program components that contribute more towards increasing those numbers. The primary question that this work will address is whether or not this intervention program increases the number of underrepresented minorities that complete their undergraduate STEM studies and continue on to STEM graduate study and then work in the STEM workforce with respect to historical departmental numbers. A logistic regression model will be tested for the strength of the relationship between the predictor variables and the response variable, for the significance of predictor variables, and for goodness-of-fit of the model. Interviews with past and present program participants as well as other primary stakeholders are conducted in order to give a richer understanding of the program being studied.
Representative bureaucracy: Are African -American local government policy -makers making a difference?
Creators: name: Lampkin, Cheryl Lyvette
Publisher: name: ProQuest
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 44
subject: Human society
classificationCode: 4407
subject: Policy and administration
classificationCode: 4408
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Using an original survey instrument to a random sample of 1,000 high-level non-elected and non-appointed local government administrators across the United States, this dissertation examines the differences in responsibilities and attitudes of the upper echelon of local government managers. I demonstrate that all local government managers have sufficient discretion to influence policy-making in their organizations and are clearly involved in every aspect of policy initiation, formulation and implementation. For example, the vast majority of local government managers in the sample recommends changes or improvements to policies, interpret and apply policies and explain the merits of policies to a wide range of individuals. This dissertation also investigates whether African-American local government managers provide representation for blacks in American cities. Overall the evidence suggests that black local government managers are more likely than their white counterparts to influence policy that reflects the needs and interests of the black community. Black managers show more support for minority issues such as affirmative action and housing discrimination and are more likely to indicate that they should assume an advocate role in their work-related activities. For example, on average, African-American managers are more likely to agree that they should provide information to policy-makers regarding the needs of the minority community and actively advocate for institutional changes to increase responsiveness to minorities. Finally, this dissertation explores new possible influences on the attitudes of local government managers. The findings suggests that as the proportion of minorities on the local government elected body increases, the likelihood that a manager will take on an advocate role increases. This is especially true for white managers. The findings also suggest that there is a relationship between the level of community involvement outside of work and a manager's propensity to take on an advocate role. By examining attitudinal data, this dissertation strongly suggests that minority presences, especially African-Americans, in management positions increases the likelihood that local government polices will better reflect the needs of the American citizenry. Additional research should investigate whether these attitudinal differences actually translate into meaningful policy.
MOND-like Fractional Laplacian Theory
Creators: name: Giusti, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 35R11, 35J05, 85A05

description: I provide a derivation of some characteristic effects of Milgrom's modified Newtonian dynamics (MOND) from a fractional version of Newton's theory based on the fractional Poisson equation. I employ the properties of the fractional Laplacian to investigate the features of the fundamental solution of the proposed model. The key difference between MOND and the fractional theory introduced here is that the latter is an inherently linear theory, featuring a characteristic length scale $\ell$, whilst the former is ultimately nonlinear in nature and it is characterized by an acceleration scale $a_0$. Taking advantage of the Tully-Fisher relation, as the fractional order $s$ approaches $3/2$, I then connect the length scale $\ell$, emerging from this modification of Newton's gravity, with the critical acceleration $a_0$ of MOND. Finally, implications for galaxy rotation curves of a variable-order version of the model are discussed.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures. Title changed. Updated to match the published version
Two new bright Ae stars
Creators: name: Monin, D. N.
name: Wade, G. A.
name: Fabrika, S. N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two newly identified Ae stars, nu Cyg and kappa UMa, were discovered in the course of the Magnetic Survey of Bright MS stars (Monin et al. 2002). We pre sent their Halpha profiles along with measurements of their equivalent width and parameters of emission features. Emission in the Halpha line of nu Cyg is variable on a time scale of 3 years. kappa UMa exhibits weak emission which is rather stable. The emission is thought to arise from a circumstellar disk, and we have estimated the size of that disk.Both new emission stars are IRAS sources. Their IR color excesses are consistent with those of classical Ae stars. Thus, nu Cyg and kappa UMa appear not to belong to the class of Herbig Ae/Be stars. We argue that the frequency of Ae stars may be underestimated due to the difficulty of detection of weak emission in some A stars.
description: 6 pages,3 figures, submitted to A&A
An Analysis of the Recent Surge in Consumer Debt in Rural Areas
Creators: name: Lerman, Donald L.
name: Lerman, Donald L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Financial Economics
subject: Consumer debt
subject: household portfolios
subject: financial vulnerability
subject: rural credit

description: Growth in aggregate consumer debt in rural areas during the 1983-86 period outpaced that of the Nation. However, most rural households with high consumer debt burdens were capable of paying off all debts with their assets-- nearly one quarter fully paid off all consumer debts within 3 years. Rural residents were found likely to hold significantly less consumer debt than urban residents with similar economic and demographic characteristics. Household income, net worth, recent vehicle expenditures, household size, and homeowner status also significantly affected the level of consumer debt by rural households.
U.S. Adjustment in the 1990's: A CGE Analysis of Alternative Trade Strategies
Creators: name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Tokarick, Stephen
name: Hanson, Kenneth
name: Robinson, Sherman
name: Tokarick, Stephen
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1990
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: CGE analysis
subject: general equilibrium analysis
subject: trade liberalization
subject: protectionism
subject: tariffs

description: This paper investigates the implications for the structure of the U.S. economy of a reduction in the U.S. trade deficit. We explore two alternative adjustment scenarios. First, we assume an environment of successful world trade liberalization. An alternative view is that the world economy will lapse into a protectionist environment. We use a 30-sector computable general equilibrium (CGE) model of the United States to analyze the impact of these two scenarios. When analyzing the protectionist scenario, we do a variety of experiments designed to explore the impact of protectionist policies on the U.S. economy.