cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Genuine converging solution of self-consistent field equations for extended many-electron systems
Creators: name: Shul'man, A. Ya.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of the ground state of inhomogeneous many-electron systems involve a solving of the Poisson equation for Coulomb potential and the Schroedinger equation for single-particle orbitals. Due to nonlinearity and complexity this set of equations, one believes in the iterative method for the solution that should consist in consecutive improvement of the potential and the electron density until the self-consistency is attained. Though this approach exists for a long time there are two grave problems accompanying its implementation to infinitely extended systems. The first of them is related with the Poisson equation and lies in possible incompatibility of the boundary conditions for the potential with the electron density distribution. The analysis of this difficulty and suggested resolution are presented for both infinite conducting systems in jellium approximation and periodic solids. It provides the existence of self-consistent solution for the potential at every iteration step due to realization of a screening effect. The second problem results from the existence of continuous spectrum of Hamiltonian eigenvalues for unbounded systems. It needs to have a definition of Hilbert space basis with eigenfunctions of continuous spectrum as elements, which would be convenient in numerical applications. The definition of scalar product specifying the Hilbert space is proposed that incorporates a limiting transition. It provides self-adjointness of Hamiltonian and, respectively, the orthogonality of eigenfunctions corresponding to the different eigenvalues. In addition, it allows to normalize them effectively to delta-function and to prove in the general case the orthogonality of the 'right' and 'left' eigenfunctions belonging to twofold degenerate eigenvalues.
description: 12 pages. Reported on Interdisciplinary Workshop "Nonequilibrium Green's Functions III", August 22 - 26, 2005, University Kiel, Germany. To be published in Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 2006; Typos in Eqs. (37), (53) and (54) are corrected. The content of the footnote is changed. Published version available free online at http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1742-6596/35/1/014
Impacts of Decoupling and Milk Quota Trade on the French and German Dairy Sectors
Creators: name: Huettel, Silke
name: Kleinhanss, Werner
name: Offermann, Frank
name: Huettel, Silke
name: Kleinhanss, Werner
name: Offermann, Frank
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: 2003 CAP reform
subject: milk quota trade
subject: model
subject: mathematical programming

description: This paper analyses the impacts of the 2003 CAP reform and of milk quota trade at the national level. To this end, a mathematical programming model has been further developed for Germany and extended to other main milk-producing EU member states like France. Homogeneous farm groups are built on the basis of EU Farm Accountancy Data Network. The results show that quotas will be fully used in both countries if quota trade is possible. A clear tendency in the reallocation of production from small towards large farms can be seen in all regions for France. In Germany, the redistribution of direct payments induced by the implementation of the regional scheme of decoupled payments leads to higher reductions of income in dairy & beef farms than in France.
Commuting Variability by Wage Groups in Baton Rouge 1990-2010
Creators: name: Hu, Yujie
name: Wang, Fahui
name: Wilmot, Chester
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Residential segregation recently has shifted to more class or income-based in the United States, and neighborhoods are undergoing significant changes such as commuting patterns over time. To better understand the commuting inequality across neighborhoods of different income levels, this research analyzes commuting variability (in both distance and time) across wage groups as well as stability over time using the CTPP data 1990-2010 in Baton Rouge. In comparison to previous work, commuting distance is estimated more accurately by Monte Carlo simulation of individual trips to mitigate aggregation error and scale effect. The results based on neighborhoods mean wage rate indicate that commuting behaviors vary across areas of different wage rates and such variability is captured by a convex shape. Affluent neighborhoods tended to commute more but highest-wage neighborhoods retreated for less commuting. This trend remains relatively stable over time despite an overall transportation improvement in general. A complementary analysis based on the distribution of wage groups is conducted to gain more detailed insights and uncovers the lasting poor mobility (e.g., fewer location and transport options) of the lowest-wage workers in 1990-2010.
Power laws of complex systems from Extreme physical information
Creators: name: Frieden, B. Roy
name: Gatenby, Robert A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Cell Behavior (q-bio.CB)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Many complex systems obey allometric, or power, laws y=Yx^{a}. Here y is the measured value of some system attribute a, Y is a constant, and x is a stochastic variable. Remarkably, for many living systems the exponent a is limited to values +or- n/4, n=0,1,2... Here x is the mass of a randomly selected creature in the population. These quarter-power laws hold for many attributes, such as pulse rate (n=-1). Allometry has, in the past, been theoretically justified on a case-by-case basis. An ultimate goal is to find a common cause for allometry of all types and for both living and nonliving systems. The principle I - J = extrem. of Extreme physical information (EPI) is found to provide such a cause. It describes the flow of Fisher information J => I from an attribute value a on the cell level to its exterior observation y. Data y are formed via a system channel function y = f(x,a), with f(x,a) to be found. Extremizing the difference I - J through variation of f(x,a) results in a general allometric law f(x,a)= y = Yx^{a}. Darwinian evolution is presumed to cause a second extremization of I - J, now with respect to the choice of a. The solution is a=+or-n/4, n=0,1,2..., defining the particular powers of biological allometry. Under special circumstances, the model predicts that such biological systems are controlled by but two distinct intracellular information sources. These sources are conjectured to be cellular DNA and cellular transmembrane ion gradients
Detecting and Analyzing Mobility Hotspots using Surface Networks
Creators: name: Hu, Yujie
name: Miller, Harvey J
name: Li, Xiang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Capabilities for collecting and storing data on mobile objects have increased dramatically over the past few decades. A persistent difficulty is summarizing large collections of mobile objects. This paper develops methods for extracting and analyzing hotspots or locations with relatively high levels of mobility activity. We use kernel density estimation (KDE) to convert a large collection of mobile objects into a smooth, continuous surface. We then develop a topological algorithm to extract critical geometric features of the surface; these include critical points (peaks, pits and passes) and critical lines (ridgelines and course-lines). We connect the peaks and corresponding ridgelines to produce a surface network that summarizes the topological structure of the surface. We apply graph theoretic indices to analytically characterize the surface and its changes over time. To illustrate our approach, we apply the techniques to taxi cab data collected in Shanghai, China. We find increases in the complexity of the hotspot spatial distribution during normal activity hours in the late morning, afternoon and evening and a spike in the connectivity of the hotspot spatial distribution in the morning as taxis concentrate on servicing travel to work. These results match with scientific and anecdotal knowledge about human activity patterns in the study area.
A cross-calibration between Tycho-2 photometry and HST spectrophotometry
Creators: name: Maíz-Apellániz, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I show that Tycho-2 photometry and HST spectrophotometry are accurate and stable enough to obtain a precise cross-calibration by analyzing a well-calibrated sample of 256 stars observed with both Hipparcos and HST. Based on this analysis, I obtain the following photometric zero points in the Vega magnitude system for Tycho-2: 0.020+-0.001 (B_T-V_T), 0.078+-0.009 (B_T), and 0.058+-0.009 (V_T).
description: 11 pages, 4 figures, to appear in Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific (June 2005 issue)
Wavelet constructions in non-linear dynamics
Creators: name: Dutkay, Dorin Ervin
name: Jorgensen, Palle E. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G18 (Primary) 42C40, 46G15, 42A65, 28A50, 30D05, 47D07, 37F20 (Secondary)

description: We construct certain Hilbert spaces associated with a class of non-linear dynamical systems X. These are systems which arise from a generalized self-similarity, and an iterated substitution. We show that when a weight function W on X is given, then we may construct associated Hilbert spaces H(W) of L^2-martingales which have wavelet bases.
description: 13 pages, LaTeX2e "amsart" document class
HAP: SPMD DNN Training on Heterogeneous GPU Clusters with Automated Program Synthesis
Creators: name: Zhang, Shiwei
name: Diao, Lansong
name: Wu, Chuan
name: Cao, Zongyan
name: Wang, Siyu
name: Lin, Wei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Single-Program-Multiple-Data (SPMD) parallelism has recently been adopted to train large deep neural networks (DNNs). Few studies have explored its applicability on heterogeneous clusters, to fully exploit available resources for large model learning. This paper presents \OurSystem, an automated system designed to expedite SPMD DNN training on heterogeneous clusters. \OurSystem jointly optimizes the tensor sharding strategy, sharding ratios across heterogeneous devices and the communication methods for tensor exchanges for optimized distributed training with SPMD parallelism. We novelly formulate model partitioning as a program synthesis problem, in which we generate a distributed program from scratch on a distributed instruction set that semantically resembles the program designed for a single device, and systematically explore the solution space with an A*-based search algorithm. We derive the optimal tensor sharding ratios by formulating it as a linear programming problem. Additionally, \OurSystem explores tensor communication optimization in a heterogeneous cluster and integrates it as part of the program synthesis process, for automatically choosing optimal collective communication primitives and applying sufficient factor broadcasting technique. Extensive experiments on representative workloads demonstrate that \OurSystem achieves up to 2.41x speed-up on heterogeneous clusters.
description: EuroSys '24
Newbigin, Lesslie, Eine Welt - ein Glaube?
Creators: name: Buttler, Paul-Gerhardt
Publisher: name: Ökumenische Rundschau
Year: 2025

description: Ökumenische Rundschau, Bd. 13 Nr. 2 (1964): Ökumenische Rundschau, Band 13, Heft 2
Minimal Subtraction vs. Physical Factorisation Schemes in Small-x QCD
Creators: name: Ciafaloni, M.
name: Colferai, D.
name: Salam, G. P.
name: Stasto, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the relationship of ``physical'' parton densities defined by kt-factorisation, to those in the minimal subtraction scheme, by comparing their small-x behaviour. We first summarize recent results on the above scheme change derived from the BFKL equation at NLx level, and we then propose a simple extension to the renormalisation-group improved (RGI) equation. In this way we are able the examine the difference between resummed gluon distributions in the Q_0 and MSbar schemes and also to show MSbar scheme resummed results for P_gg and approximate ones for P_qg. We find that, due to the stability of the RGI approach, small-x resummation effects are not much affected by the scheme-change in the gluon channel, while they are relatively more sensitive for the quark-gluon mixing.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Modelling Farm Level Economic Potential for Conversion to Organic Farming
Creators: name: Kerselaers, Eva
name: Govaerts, Wim
name: Lauwers, Ludwig H.
name: De Cock, Lieve
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
name: Kerselaers, Eva
name: Govaerts, Wim
name: Lauwers, Ludwig H.
name: De Cock, Lieve
name: Van Huylenbroeck, Guido
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: organic farming
subject: conversion period
subject: farm model
subject: linear programming

description: A farm model is developed for simulating the potential income change resulting from conversion to organic farming. The model uses conventional farm data, taken from the Belgian FADN. Given the normative character of the model, and the impossibility of calibration to historical conversion behaviour, two model variants, a rigid and a flexible, are created to broaden the analysis scope. Moreover, extra attention is paid to the verification process and sensitivity analysis. Results reveal that the economic potential for conversion is rather high, if farmers are willing to change their farm management sufficiently. Furthermore, conversion potential depends on the farm type and conventional farm characteristics. The model finally proves to be an interesting tool to analyse policy impact.
Energy Efficiency Optimization for Device-to-Device Communication Underlaying Cellular Networks in Millimeter-Wave
Creators: name: Zabetian, Negar
name: Mohammadi, Abbas
name: Kazemi, Mohammad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper studies energy efficiency maximization in device-to-device (D2D) communications underlaying cellular networks in millimeter-wave (mm-wave) band. A stochastic geometry framework has been used to extract the results. First, cellular and D2D users are modeled by independent homogeneous Poisson point process; then, exact expressions for successful transmission probability of D2D and cellular users have been derived. Furthermore, the average sum rate and energy efficiency for a typical D2D scenario have been presented. An optimization problem subject to transmission power and quality of service constraints for both cellular and D2D users has been defined and energy efficiency of D2D communication is maximized. Simulation results reveal that by working in millimeter-wave, significant energy efficiency improvement can be attained, e.g., 20\% energy efficiency improvement compared to Rayleigh distribution in the practical scenarios by considering circuit power. Finally, to verify our analytical expressions, the simulation studies are carried out and the excellent agreements have been achieved.
description: 21 pages, 10 figures, Journal paper
Generalized band anti-crossing model for highly mismatched semiconductors applied to BeSe$_{x}$Te$_{1 - x}$
Creators: name: Sandu, Titus
name: Kirk, W. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report a new model for highly mismatched semiconductor (HMS) alloys. Based on the Anderson impurity Hamiltonian, the model generalizes the recent band anti-crossing (BAC) model, which successfully explains the band bowing in highly mismatched semiconductors. Our model is formulated in empirical tight-binding (ETB) theory and uses the so called sp$^{3}$s* parameterization. It does not need extra parameters other than bulk ones. The model has been applied to BeSe$_{x}$Te$_{1 - x}$ alloy. BeTe and BeSe are wide-band gap and highly mismatched semiconductors. Calculations show large band bowing, larger on the Se rich side than on the Te rich side. Linear interpolation is used for an arbitrary concentration $x$. The results are applied to calculation of electronic and optical properties of BeSe$_{0.41}$Te$_{0.59}$ lattice matched to Si in a superlattice configuration.
description: 4 pages 2 figures, aproved for publication in Phys. Rev B
Strange semimetal dynamics in SrIrO$_3$
Creators: name: Sen, Kaushik
name: Fuchs, Dirk
name: Heid, Rolf
name: Kleindienst, Kai
name: Wolff, Karsten
name: Schmalian, Jörg
name: Tacon, Matthieu Le
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay of electronic correlations, multi-orbital excitations, and strong spin-orbit coupling is a fertile ground for new states of matter in quantum materials. Here, we report on a confocal Raman scattering study of momentum-resolved charge dynamics from a thin film of semimetallic perovskite $\mathbf{SrIrO_3}$. We demonstrate that the charge dynamics, characterized by a broad continuum, is well described in terms of the marginal Fermi liquid phenomenology. In addition, over a wide temperature regime, the inverse scattering time is for all momenta close to the Planckian limit $\mathbf{τ^{-1}_{\hbar}=k_{\rm B} T/\hbar}$. Thus, $\mathbf{SrIrO_3}$ is a semimetallic multi-band system that is as correlated as, for example, the cuprate superconductors. The usual challenge to resolve the charge dynamics in multi-band systems with very different mobilities is circumvented by taking advantage of the momentum space selectivity of polarized electronic Raman scattering. The Raman responses of both hole- and electron-pockets display an electronic continuum extending far beyond 1000\icm ($\sim$125 meV), much larger than allowed by the phase space for creating particle-hole pairs in a regular Fermi liquid. Analyzing this response in the framework of a memory function formalism, we are able to extract the frequency dependent scattering rate and mass enhancement factor of both types of charge carriers, which in turn allows us to determine the carrier-dependent mobilities and electrical resistivities. The results are well consistent with transport measurement and demonstrate the potential of this approach to investigate the charge dynamics in multi-band systems.
The Vega Debris Disk -- A Surprise from Spitzer
Creators: name: Su, K. Y. L.
name: Rieke, G. H.
name: Misselt, K. A.
name: Stansberry, J. A.
name: Moro-Martin, A.
name: Stapelfeldt, K. R.
name: Werner, M. W.
name: Trilling, D. E.
name: Bendo, G. J.
name: Gordon, K. D.
name: Hines, D. C.
name: Wyatt, M. C.
name: Holland, W. S.
name: Marengo, M.
name: Megeath, S. T.
name: Fazio, G. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present high spatial resolution mid- and far-infrared images of the Vega debris disk obtained with the Multiband Imaging Photometer for Spitzer (MIPS). The disk is well resolved and its angular size is much larger than found previously. The radius of the disk is at least 43" (330 AU), 70"(543 AU), and 105" (815 AU) in extent at 24, 70 and 160 um, respectively. The disk images are circular, smooth and without clumpiness at all three wavelengths. The radial surface brightness profiles imply an inner boundary at a radius of 11"+/-2" (86 AU). Assuming an amalgam of amorphous silicate and carbonaceous grains, the disk can be modeled as an axially symmetric and geometrically thin disk, viewed face-on, with the surface particle number density following an r^-1 power law. The disk radiometric properties are consistent with a range of models using grains of sizes ~1 to ~50 um. We find that a ring, containing grains larger than 180 um and at radii of 86-200 AU from the star, can reproduce the observed 850 um flux, while its emission does not violate the observed MIPS profiles. This ring could be associated with a population of larger asteroidal bodies analogous to our own Kuiper Belt. Cascades of collisions starting with encounters amongthese large bodies in the ring produce the small debris that is blown outward by radiation pressure to much larger distances where we detect its thermal emission. The dust production rate is >~10^15 g/s based on the MIPS results. This rate would require a very massive asteroidal reservoir for the dust to be produced in a steady state throughout Vega's life. Instead, we suggest that the disk we imaged is ephemeral and that we are witnessing the aftermath of a large and relatively recent collisional event, and subsequent collisional cascade.
description: 13 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ. (Figures 2, 3a, 3b and 4 have been degraded to lower resolutions.)
Reform in the EU Sugar Regime: Impact on the Global Sugar Markets
Creators: name: Huan-Niemi, Ellen
name: Kerkela, Leena
name: Huan-Niemi, Ellen
name: Kerkela, Leena
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: EU sugar regime
subject: reform
subject: developing countries
subject: unilateral liberalisation
subject: GTAP

description: The ongoing trade negotiations, unilateral trade concessions and obligations under the WTO are pushing the EU sugar regime to undertake reforms. These reforms will alter the positions of developing countries in the global sugar markets. A complete unilateral liberalisation of the EU sugar sector is simulated to depict the winners and losers in the global sugar markets if no preferences are governing the imports of sugar into the EU. The supply responses, which strongly affect the outcomes, are dependent on both the nature of substitution for sugar as well as on the efficiency of sugar production in different countries. The multiregion general equilibrium framework (GTAP) is used for this analysis. The results show that the total liberalisation of sugar imports from the LDCs will be a major threat to the EU sugar regime. The current regime limits sugar imports from all developing countries or some efficient producers, if the production cost data is a right estimate of the potential supply response from developing countries. The LDCs will be the winners under the EBA concession supported by the current regime, but a few efficient sugar producers will be the winners if the current regime is entirely liberalised.
NLTE spectral analysis of GW Vir pulsators
Creators: name: Reiff, E.
name: Jahn, D.
name: Rauch, T.
name: Werner, K.
name: Kruk, J. W.
name: Herwig, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: GW Vir variables are the pulsating members in the spectroscopic class of PG 1159 stars. In order to understand the characteristic differences between pulsating and non-pulsating PG 1159 stars, we analyse FUSE spectra of eleven objects, of which six are pulsating, by means of state-of-the-art NLTE model atmospheres. The numerous metal lines in the FUV spectra of these stars allow a precise determination of the photospheric parameters. We present here preliminary results of our analysis.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, proceedings of the PhD School "Astrophysics of Variable Stars", eds. C. Sterken and C. Aerts, ASP Conference Series Vol. 349
UAVD4L: A Large-Scale Dataset for UAV 6-DoF Localization
Creators: name: Wu, Rouwan
name: Cheng, Xiaoya
name: Zhu, Juelin
name: Liu, Xuxiang
name: Zhang, Maojun
name: Yan, Shen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Despite significant progress in global localization of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in GPS-denied environments, existing methods remain constrained by the availability of datasets. Current datasets often focus on small-scale scenes and lack viewpoint variability, accurate ground truth (GT) pose, and UAV build-in sensor data. To address these limitations, we introduce a large-scale 6-DoF UAV dataset for localization (UAVD4L) and develop a two-stage 6-DoF localization pipeline (UAVLoc), which consists of offline synthetic data generation and online visual localization. Additionally, based on the 6-DoF estimator, we design a hierarchical system for tracking ground target in 3D space. Experimental results on the new dataset demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. Code and dataset are available at https://github.com/RingoWRW/UAVD4L
Creating a collective narrative with caregivers of a family member with dementia
Creators: name: Maier, Kirsten
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: The meaning and sense of self of primary caregivers caring for a family member with dementia was studied in this thesis. Four primary caregivers participated in a narrative research support group. Using a qualitative narrative methodology, based on White (1998) and Myerhoff's (1982) definitional ceremony, individual narratives and a collective narrative of the experiences of caregiving were constructed. Lieblich, Tuval- Mashiach, and Zilber's (1998) whole/content narrative method was used to analyze the individual narratives and collective group data. As was expected from a constructivist perspective, the caregivers made meaning of the changes in their lives on an ongoing basis, and their sense of self was shaped by this meaning. Participating in the research group also contributed to the caregiver's co-construction of meaning and identity in their caregiving. The collective narrative added a new layer to the research the experience of caregiving, was a rich source of learning from primary caregivers and contributed to the participants sense of community.
Ein Innendreieck
Creators: name: Schröer, Harald
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021
Subjects: Innendreieck, Außendreieck, innere Größen, Trigonometrie,trigonometrisch

description: Verschiedene Größen eines Innendreiecks werden in Abhängigkeit vom äußeren Dreieck berechnet.
Benchmarking of Numerical Models for Wave Overtopping at Dikes with Shallow Mildly Sloping Foreshores: Accuracy versus Speed
Creators: name: Lashley, Christopher
name: Zanuttigh, Barbara
name: Bricker, Jeremy
name: van der Meer, Jentsje
name: Altomare, Corrado
name: Suzuki, Tomohiro
name: Roeber, Volker
name: Oosterlo, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To accurately predict the consequences of nearshore waves, coastal engineers often employ numerical models. A variety of these models, broadly classified as either phase-resolving or phase-averaged, exist; each with strengths and limitations owing to the physical schematization of processes within them. Models which resolve the vertical flow structure or the full wave spectrum (i.e. sea-swell (SS) and infragravity (IG) waves) are considered more accurate, but also more computationally demanding than those with approximations. Here, we assess the speed-accuracy trade-off of six well-known wave models for overtopping (q), under shallow foreshore conditions. The results demonstrate that: i) q is underestimated by an order of magnitude when IG waves are neglected; ii) using more computationally-demanding models does not guarantee more accurate results; and iii) with empirical corrections to account for IG waves, phase-averaged models like SWAN can perform on par, if not better than, phase-resolving models but with far less computational effort.
The Food Prices / Body Mass Index Relationship: Theory and Evidence from a Sample of French Adults
Creators: name: Boizot-Szantai, Christine
name: Etile, Fabrice
name: Boizot-Szantai, Christine
name: Etile, Fabrice
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: obesity
subject: fat tax
subject: price policies
subject: quantitle regressions

description: What would be the effect of a "fat tax" on obesity? This paper shows that the sign of the price-weight correlation is unclear, as variations of food price have a direct effect on weight through changes in energy intakes, and an indirect (income) effect that affects energy expenditure. Food expenditures data are used to examine the link between the prices of 16 food groups and the distribution of the Body Mass Index among French adults. We find positive correlations for ready-meals and snacks, and negative correlations for sea products and fruits. It is thus unlikely that the epidemic of obesity will react in the short-term to nutritional taxes.
Exciting Developments in Hadron Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Seth, Kamal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There has been a renaissance in hadron spectroscopy during the last couple of years. Long lost states have been tracked down. Unexpected states are showing up all over, and numerous measurements with unprecedented precision are being reported. A review is presented.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures, plenary talk contributed to XI International Conference On Hadron Spectroscopy (HADRON05), 21-26 Aug 2005, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Physics-Based Deep Neural Networks for Beam Dynamics in Charged Particle Accelerators
Creators: name: Ivanov, Andrei
name: Agapov, Ilya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper presents a novel approach for constructing neural networks which model charged particle beam dynamics. In our approach, the Taylor maps arising in the representation of dynamics are mapped onto the weights of a polynomial neural network. The resulting network approximates the dynamical system with perfect accuracy prior to training and provides a possibility to tune the network weights on additional experimental data. We propose a symplectic regularization approach for such polynomial neural networks that always restricts the trained model to Hamiltonian systems and significantly improves the training procedure. The proposed networks can be used for beam dynamics simulations or for fine-tuning of beam optics models with experimental data. The structure of the network allows for the modeling of large accelerators with a large number of magnets. We demonstrate our approach on the examples of the existing PETRA III and the planned PETRA IV storage rings at DESY.
The 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey: Power-spectrum analysis of the final dataset and cosmological implications
Creators: name: Cole, S.
name: Percival, W. J.
name: Peacock, J. A.
name: Norberg, P.
name: Baugh, C. M.
name: Frenk, C. S.
name: Baldry, I.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
name: Bridges, T.
name: Cannon, R.
name: Colless, M.
name: Collins, C.
name: Couch, W.
name: Cross, N. J. G.
name: Dalton, G.
name: Eke, V. R.
name: De Propris, R.
name: Driver, S. P.
name: Efstathiou, G.
name: Ellis, R. S.
name: Glazebrook, K.
name: Jackson, C.
name: Jenkins, A.
name: Lahav, O.
name: Lewis, I.
name: Lumsden, S.
name: Maddox, S.
name: Madgwick, D.
name: Peterson, B. A.
name: Sutherland, W.
name: Taylor, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a power spectrum analysis of the final 2dF Galaxy Redshift Survey, employing a direct Fourier method. The sample used comprises 221,414 galaxies with measured redshifts. We investigate in detail the modelling of the sample selection. A new angular mask is derived, based on revisions to the photometric calibration. The redshift selection function is determined by dividing the survey according to rest-frame colour, and deducing a self-consistent treatment of k-corrections and evolution for each population. The covariance matrix for the power-spectrum estimates is determined using two different approaches to the construction of mock surveys which are used to demonstrate that the input cosmological model can be correctly recovered. We are confident that the 2dFGRS power spectrum can be used to infer the matter content of the universe. On large scales, our estimated power spectrum shows evidence for the `baryon oscillations' that are predicted in CDM models. Fitting to a CDM model, assuming a primordial $n_{s}=1$ spectrum, $h=0.72$ and negligible neutrino mass, the preferred parameters are $Ω_{M} h = 0.168 \pm 0.016$ and a baryon fraction $Ω_{b} /Ω_{M} = 0.185\pm0.046$ (1$σ$ errors). The value of $Ω_{M} h$ is $1σ$ lower than the $0.20 \pm 0.03$ in our 2001 analysis of the partially complete 2dFGRS. This shift is largely due to the signal from the newly-sampled regions of space, rather than the refinements in the treatment of observational selection. This analysis therefore implies a density significantly below the standard $Ω_{M} =0.3$: in combination with CMB data from WMAP, we infer $Ω_{M} =0.231\pm 0.021$. (Abridged.)
description: Updated to match the in press MNRAS version. P(k) data and covariance matrix available at http://www.mso.anu.edu.au/2dFGRS/Public/Release/PowSpec
Confirming the Price Effects of Private Labels Development
Creators: name: Bontemps, Christophe
name: Orozco, Valerie
name: Requillart, Vincent
name: Bontemps, Christophe
name: Orozco, Valerie
name: Requillart, Vincent
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Demand and Price Analysis
subject: private labels
subject: pricing
subject: empirical models
subject: food products
subject: L81
subject: Q13
subject: D40

description: We study the price response of national brands to the development of private labels. We use monthly data from a consumer survey reporting their purchases for 218 food products. We show that when private labels have a significant effect on national brands prices (144 cases over 218), that is positive (89%). We also show that the increase in the prices of national brand products is explained by a strategy of product differentiation. Finally, price reaction of national brands differs with the type of private labels they are facing. This paper confirms, on a larger number of products, previous empirical results.
Dynamic Monte Carlo Simulations of Inhomogeneous Colloidal Suspensions
Creators: name: Daza, Fabián A. García
name: Cuetos, Alejandro
name: Patti, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dynamic Monte Carlo (DMC) method is an established molecular simulation technique for the analysis of the dynamics in colloidal suspensions. An excellent alternative to Brownian Dynamics or Molecular Dynamics simulation, DMC is applicable to systems of spherical and/or anisotropic particles and to equilibrium or out-of-equilibrium processes. In this work, we present a theoretical and methodological framework to extend DMC to the study of heterogeneous systems, where the presence of an interface between coexisting phases introduces an additional element of complexity in determining the dynamic properties. In particular, we simulate a Lennard-Jones fluid at the liquid-vapor equilibrium and determine the diffusion coefficients in the bulk of each phase and across the interface. To test the validity of our DMC results, we also perform Brownian Dynamics simulations and unveil an excellent quantitative agreement between the two simulation techniques.
description: 14 pages with appendix
Axially Symmetric Quadrupole-Octupole Model incorporating Sextic Potential
Creators: name: Chabab, M.
name: Batoul, A. El
name: Ouaourti, L. El
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an extended application of the analytic quadrupole octupole axially symmetric model, originally employed to study the octupole deformation and vibrations in light actinides using an infinite well potential (IW). In this work, we extend the model's applicability to a broader range of nuclei exhibiting octupole deformation by incorporating a sextic potential instead of the Davidson potential.Similarly to conventional models, such as AQOA-IW (for infinite square potential) and AQOA-D (for the Davidson potential), our proposed model is referred to as AQOA-S. By employing the sextic potential, phenomenologically represented as $v(\tildeβ) = a_1\tilde β^2+a_2\tilde β^4+a_3\tilde β^6$, we can derive analytical expressions for the energy spectra and transition rates (B(E1), B(E2), B(E3)). The energy spectra of the model are essentially governed by two critical parameters: $ϕ_0$, indicating the balance between octupole and quadrupole strain, and $α$, a key factor in adjusting the shape and behavior of the spectra through the sextic potential. In terms of applications, the study encompasses five isotopes, namely $^{222-226}$Ra and $^{224,226}$Th. Significantly, our model demonstrates remarkable agreement with the corresponding experimental data, particularly for the recently determined B(EL) transition rates of $^{224}$Ra, surpassing the performance of the model that employs the Davidson potential. The stability of the octupole deformation in $^{224}$Ra adds particular significance to these findings.
description: 10 pages, 1 figure, accepted in Null. Phys. A
Charmonium at CLEO
Creators: name: Seth, Kamal K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: At CLEO, charmonium spectroscopy is pursued both thorugh e+e- annihilation data taken in the Upsilon region and more recently at psi(2S). A nmber of first observations (eta_c', h_c, pi and K form factors) have been made, and numerous high precision measurements have been made in radiative and hadronic decays of charmonium resonances. A brief report of these contributions is presented.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, plenary talk contributed to XI International Conference On Hadron Spectroscopy (HADRON05), 21-26 Aug 2005, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
Convexity and singularities of curvature equations in conformal geometry
Creators: name: Gursky, Matthew
name: Viaclovsky, Jeff
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We define a generalization of convex functions, which we call $δ$-convex functions, and show they must satisfy interior Hölder and $W^{1,p}$ estimates. As an application, we consider solutions of a certain class of fully nonlinear equations in conformal geometry with isolated singularities, in the case of non-negative Ricci curvature. We prove that such solutions either extend to a Hölder continuous function across the singularity, or else have the same singular behavior as the fundamental solution of the conformal Laplacian. We also obtain various removable singularity theorems for these equations.
description: 35 pages; final version published in IMRN
Citizens' Attitudes Towards Multifunctional Agriculture
Creators: name: Hyytia, Nina
name: Kola, Jukka
name: Hyytia, Nina
name: Kola, Jukka
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: multifunctional agriculture
subject: agricultural prices
subject: attitudes

description: This paper examines Finnish citizens' attitudes towards multifunctional agriculture and further, the connections among these attitudes, consumers' willingness to pay, and some socio economic factors. Attitudinal dimensions were executed by using factor analysis. The respondents (N=1300) were distributed into clusters based on their attitudes. It would be expected that people who have positive attitudes, would also state high values of WTP. Instead, this study suggests that attitudes and WTP do not have a positive relation. People are willing to support domestic agriculture as a provider of safe and high-quality food. However, a remarkable proportion of Finnish citizens have a positive attitude towards externalities and joint products of agriculture.
The multi-spacecraft high-energy solar particle event of 28 October 2021
Creators: name: Kouloumvakos, A.
name: Papaioannou, A.
name: Waterfall, C. O. G.
name: Dalla, S.
name: Vainio, R.
name: Mason, G. M.
name: Heber, B.
name: Kühl, P.
name: Allen, R. C.
name: Cohen, C. M. S.
name: Ho, G.
name: Anastasiadis, A.
name: Rouillard, A. P.
name: Rodríguez-Pacheco, J.
name: Guo, J.
name: Li, X.
name: Hörlöck, M.
name: Wimmer-Schweingruber, R. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Aims. We studied the first multi-spacecraft high-energy solar energetic particle (SEP) event of solar cycle 25, which triggered a ground level enhancement (GLE) on 28 October 2021, using data from multiple observers that were widely distributed throughout the heliosphere.
 Methods. We performed detail modelling of the shock wave and investigated the magnetic connectivity of each observer to the solar surface and examined the shock magnetic connection. We performed 3D SEP propagation simulations to investigate the role of particle transport in the distribution of SEPs to distant magnetically connected observers.
 Results. Observations and modelling show that a strong shock wave formed promptly in the low corona. At the SEP release time windows, we find a connection with the shock for all the observers. PSP, STA, and Solar Orbiter were connected to strong shock regions with high Mach numbers, whereas the Earth and other observers were connected to lower Mach numbers. The SEP spectral properties near Earth demonstrate two power laws, with a harder (softer) spectrum in the low-energy (high-energy) range. Composition observations from SIS (and near-Earth instruments) show no serious enhancement of flare-accelerated material.
 Conclusions. A possible scenario consistent with the observations and our analysis indicates that high-energy SEPs at PSP, STA, and Solar Orbiter were dominated by particle acceleration and injection by the shock, whereas high-energy SEPs that reached near-Earth space were associated with a weaker shock; it is likely that efficient transport of particles from a wide injection source contributed to the observed high-energy SEPs. Our study cannot exclude a contribution from a flare-related process; however, composition observations show no evidence of an impulsive composition of suprathermals during the event, suggestive of a non-dominant flare-related process.
High energy inelastic electron hadron scattering, in peripheral kinematics. Sum rules for hadron form factors
Creators: name: Kuraev, E. A.
name: Secansky, M.
name: Tomasi-Gustafsson, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relations between differential cross section for inelastic scattering of electrons on hadrons and hadron form factors (sum rules) are derived on the basis of analytical properties of heavy photon forward Compton scattering on hadrons. Sum rules relating the slope of form-factors at zero momentum transfer and anomalous magnetic moments of hadrons with some integrals on photo-production on a hadrons is obtained as well. To provide the convergence of these integrals we construct differences of individual sum rules for different hadrons. Universal interaction of Pomeron with nucleons is assumed. We derive the explicit formulae for processes of electro-production on proton and light isobar nuclei. Sudakov's parametrization of momenta, for peripheral kinematics relevant here, is used. The light-cone form of differential cross sections is also discussed. The accuracy of sum rules estimated in frames of point-like hadrons and it is shown to be at the level of precision achievable by experiments. Suggestions and predictions for future experiments are also given.
description: 18 pages, 5 figures
MGARD: A multigrid framework for high-performance, error-controlled data compression and refactoring
Creators: name: Gong, Qian
name: Chen, Jieyang
name: Whitney, Ben
name: Liang, Xin
name: Reshniak, Viktor
name: Banerjee, Tania
name: Lee, Jaemoon
name: Rangarajan, Anand
name: Wan, Lipeng
name: Vidal, Nicolas
name: Liu, Qing
name: Gainaru, Ana
name: Podhorszki, Norbert
name: Archibald, Richard
name: Ranka, Sanjay
name: Klasky, Scott
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe MGARD, a software providing MultiGrid Adaptive Reduction for floating-point scientific data on structured and unstructured grids. With exceptional data compression capability and precise error control, MGARD addresses a wide range of requirements, including storage reduction, high-performance I/O, and in-situ data analysis. It features a unified application programming interface (API) that seamlessly operates across diverse computing architectures. MGARD has been optimized with highly-tuned GPU kernels and efficient memory and device management mechanisms, ensuring scalable and rapid operations.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures
Haplotinea ditella
Creators: name: Joos, R Enato
name: Fritsch, Dieter
name: Bryner, Rudolf
name: Billen, Wolfgang
name: Wicki, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Lepidoptera
Tineidae
Haplotinea
Haplotinea ditella

description: 475 Haplotinea ditella (Pierce & Diakonoff, 1938), Abb. 3a
Münchenstein (BL), Merian Gärten, 4.6.2014. Dies ist der zweite Nachweis für die Region Basel (SwissLepTeam 2010: 171) und der dritte für die Schweiz. Der Erstnachweis für die Schweiz erfolgte 1973 (Basel BS, 19.6.1973, Coll. D. Burckhardt, det. R. Gaedike). Die Raupe soll ein Vorratsschädling an Getreide und Sämereien sein.
description: Published as part of Joos, R Enato, Fritsch, Dieter, Bryner, Rudolf, Billen, Wolfgang & Wicki, Christoph, 2018, Vielfalt der nachtaktiven Gross- und Kleinschmetterlinge in zwei Parkanlagen bei Basel, pp. 57-71 in Entomo Helvetica 11 on page 60, DOI: 10.5169/seals-986024, http://zenodo.org/record/8034307