Macropeza Meigen
Creators: name: Borkent, Art
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Ceratopogonidae
Macropeza

description: Macropeza Meigen
(Figs. 12C, 21D, 26H, 30M, 38D–E, 45J, 51D, 65B–C, 76A–B)
DIAGNOSIS: Only pupa of Ceratopogonidae with the metathorax with only one campaniform sensillum (M-3-T) situated at least ⅓ the length of the metathorax from its anterior margin (Fig. 51D), abdominal segment 4 with L-1- IV a short seta (Fig. 65B) and L-3-IV situtated well anterior of L-2-IV; also unique with D-2-I and D-3-I well separated (Fig. 51D) and L-1-VIII present (for all species other than M. natalensis); also unique with the metathorax with only one campaniform sensillum (M-3-T) situated at least ⅓ the length of the metathorax from its anterior margin (Fig. 51D) and D-4-IV situated between D-8-IV and D-9-IV (except for M. natalensis but in that species D-4-V and D-4-VI are between D-8 and D-9 of their respective segments).
DESCRIPTION: Habitus as in Fig. 12C. Total length = 2.59–4.88 mm. Without larval exuviae retained on abdomen. Exuviae with flagellum appressed against lateral margin of midleg, wing (as in Figs. 16B, 33B). Ecdysial tear extending into eye sheath (as in Figs. 17A, 79I). Head: Dorsal apotome (Fig. 21D), without ventral line of weakness, without dorsomedial tubercle, without central dome; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite (as in Fig. 13H) fused to scutum, each side separated medially by dorsal apotome in whole pupa; mouthparts (Fig. 26H) with mandible well-developed, lacinia absent; palpus extending posterior to posterolateral margin of labium; labium separated medially by labrum, hypopharynx; apex of antenna (Figs. 38D–E) anterior to posterior to, posterior extent of midlength portion of midleg (portion lateral to mesosternum), narrowed posteriorly; sensilla: dorsal apotomals (Fig. 21D)—1 elongate seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; dorsolateral cephalic sclerite sensilla—1 seta, 1 campaniform sensillum; clypeal-labrals (Fig. 26H)—2 slender or thick setae; oculars (Fig. 26H)—2 setae, 1 campaniform sensillum. Thorax: Prothoracic extension (Fig. 26H) wide, well-developed, extending from palpus to antenna; mesonotum without or with well-developed moderately sized tubercles, not extending posteromedially, not dividing metathorax medially (Fig. 51D); respiratory organ (Fig. 45J) length/width = 2.15–4.31, very short, squat to elongate, somewhat flattened apically, with pores closely abutting at apex of respiratory organ, arranged in single row, outer surface with some wrinkles, with short, wide to moderately elongate pedicel, base with short to elongate posteromedial apodeme, membranous base of respiratory organ short, tracheal tube straight to slightly curved along length, with spirals restricted to base, wrinkles to half length; wing (Figs. 38D–E) without apical tubercle or angle, separated medially by fore-, midlegs; halter apex and hind leg (as in Fig. 33A) broadly abutting; halter apex abutting anterolateral knob-like extension of tergite 2; legs (Figs. 38D–E) with lateral margin of foreleg near midlength of wing evenly curved; hind leg visible at lateral margin of wing (as in Fig. 33E); with apex of foreleg moderately anterior to apex of midleg; apex of hind leg abutting apex of midleg laterally, small ventral lobe; sensilla: anteromedials—1 short, 1 elongate seta, 0–1 campaniform sensillum (as in Fig. 31N); anterolaterals—1 moderately long seta; dorsal setae (Fig. 30M)—D-1-T, D-2-T, D-5-T peg-like setae or setae, D-4- T elongate seta or peg-like seta, D-3-T campaniform sensillum; D-1-T, D-2-T on single tubercle, D-3-T lateral to D-4-T; supraalar 2—campaniform sensillum; metathoracics (Fig. 51D)—1 campaniform sensillum; M-3-T distant from margin of metathorax (at least 1/3 length of metathorax). Abdomen: with tergite 1 with 3 medial spots (in female only), tergites 2–7 with medial area with stripe, 2 anterolateral spots, sternites 3–7 with medial stripe, anterolateral spot, segment 2 as wide or slightly wider than segment 3, segments with undivided, peg-like or thin to thick setae, with rounded to pointed or bifid, short to moderately elongate tubercles, tergites or sternites entire, not membranous or with sternites 5–7 each with membranous disc; segment 9 (Figs. 76A–B) not strongly modified, terminal processes closely approximated basally, each projecting posterolaterally to nearly laterally, tapering to pointed apex; sensilla: tergite 1 (Fig. 51D) with 8 setae, 2 campaniform sensilla, including 4 lateral sensilla, D-2-I, D-3-I well separated, D-7-I situated anterolaterally near L-1-I; segment 4 (Figs. 65 B-C)—D-2-IV, D-3-IV elongate setae; D-2-IV on elongate or bifid tubercle, D-3-IV on bump or bifid tubercle; D-5-IV peg-like seta, D-8-IV, D-9- IV short to moderately elongate setae, D-7-IV present or absent; D-5-IV on single bifid tubercle, D-8-IV, D-9-IV on separate but closely approximated tubercles, posterior dorsal sensilla in transverse row, arranged medially to laterally: D-5-IV, D-4-IV, D-8-IV, D-9-IV or D-5-IV, D-8-IV, D-4-IV, D-9-IV; D-7-IV, if present, near D-3-IV; L-1- IV short to moderately elongate seta on short tubercle, near L-3-IV; L-2-IV, L-4-IV short setae, L-3-IV moderately elongate seta, L-2-IV, on pointed or bifid tubercles, V-5-IV, V-6-IV, V-7-IV short to moderately elongate setae, on short bilobed tubercles, all closely approximated or with only V-5-IV, V-6-IV close; segment 8 without D-3-VIII, with L-1-VIII; segment 9 (Figs. 76 A-B)—with D-5-IX, D-6-IX campaniform sensilla.
DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT: The genus Macropeza is known from 22 species in the Nearctic, Palaearctic, Oriental, and Afrotropical Regions (Borkent 2014). Macropeza geari is transferred to Pellucidomyia as a new combination above. Immatures have been collected from mud and among plants at stream and river margins, reservoirs, and from aquatic plants (Pistia stratiotes).
TAXONOMIC DISCUSSION: The pupae of four named species of Macropeza have been described (Tables 2–3).
All species of Macropeza, other than M. natalensis, are nearly unique in having L-1-VIII on abdominal segment 8 (see character 71). In addition, nearly all species have another synapomorphy, with D-4-IV between D- 8-IV and D-9-IV. In M. natalensis the sensilla is medial to D-8-IV and D-9-IV but is between the two comparable sensilla on abdominal segments 5 and 6. These observations may suggest that M. natalensis is the sister group to the remaining Macropeza examined or alternately, that the single specimen available had aberrantly distributed sensilla on segment 4.
MATERIAL EXAMINED: M. albitarsis: 2 pupal exuviae, Piława river, Szwecja nr Wałcz, Poland, 5-VII- 2007 (IZUG). M. bayeri: 1 pupal exuviae (of paratype), M’posa River, Empangeni, Zululand, South Africa, 14-I- 1937 (SAIM). M. natalensis: 1 pupal exuviae, Manypuza River, INYONI, Zululand, South Africa, 19-VIII-1936 (SAIM). M. sp.: 1 pupal exuviae, Nam Houng River Margin, Moung Sayaboury, Sayaboury Province, Laos, 17- XII-1967 (BPBM); 2 pupal exuviae (different species), as previous locality, 17-20-XII-1967 (BPBM); 1 pupal exuviae, as previous locality, 6-9-I-1968 (BPBM).
description: Published as part of Borkent, Art, 2014, The Pupae of the Biting Midges of the World (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), With a Generic Key and Analysis of the Phylogenetic Relationships Between Genera, pp. 1-327 in Zootaxa 3879 (1) on pages 82-84, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3879.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4949051