cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stability of braneworlds with non-minimally coupled multi-scalar fields
Creators: name: Chen, Feng-Wei
name: Gu, Bao-Min
name: Liu, Yu-Xiao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear stability of braneworld models constructed with multi-scalar fields is very different from that of single-scalar field models. It is well known that both the tensor and scalar perturbation equations of the later can always be written as a supersymmetric Schrödinger equation, so it can be shown that the perturbations are stable at linear level. However, in general it is not true for multi-scalar field models and especially there is no effective method to deal with the stability problem of the scalar perturbations for braneworld models constructed with non-minimally coupled multi-scalar fields. In this paper we present a method to investigate the stability of such braneworld models. It is easy to find that the tensor perturbations are stable. For the stability problem of the scalar perturbations, we present a systematic covariant approach. The covariant quadratic order action and the corresponding first-order perturbed equations are derived. By introducing the orthonormal bases in field space and making the Kaluza-Klein decomposition, we show that the Kaluza-Klein modes of the scalar perturbations satisfy a set of coupled Schrödinger-like equations, with which the stability of the scalar perturbations and localization of the scalar zero modes can be analyzed according to nodal theorem. The result depends on the explicit models. For superpotential derived barane models, the scalar perturbations are stable, but there exist normalizable scalar zero modes, which will result in unaccepted fifth force on the brane. We also use this method to analyze the $f(R)$ braneworld model with an explicit solution and find that the scalar perturbations are stable and the scalar zero modes can not be localized on the brane, which ensure that there is no extra long-range force and the Newtonian potential on the brane can be recovered.
description: 13 pages, 3 figures
Diagnostic structurel par corrélation d’images : analyse de contraintes in-situ
Creators: name: Allain, Marie
name: Ple, Olivier
name: Prime, Noémie
name: Vacher, Pierre
name: Roux, Emile
Publisher: name: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering
Year: 2021

description: Suite aux drames les plus récents autour d’infrastructures en béton armé comme le pont de Gênes en Italie en 2018, un sentiment d’insécurité pour les usagers et les élus locaux vis-à-vis d’infrastructures en béton armé (ouvrage et bâtiment) a émergé. Ces ouvrages sont vieillissants et il est nécessaire de surveiller leur état de santé. Dans ce contexte, les autorités sont obligées de mettre en œuvre des moyens de surveillance et de contrôle, notamment pour déterminer l’état de contraintes de ces infrastructures. C’est dans ce contexte que se situe notre travail. La présente contribution décrit une technique, basée sur une libération locale de contraintes. Le défi technique et scientifique à relever réside dans l’utilisation de la corrélation d’images numériques pour approcher des micro-déplacements dans les structures. Par la suite, cette technique est utilisée pour déterminer certains paramètres mécaniques du béton
description: Academic Journal of Civil Engineering, Vol 38 No 2 (2021): Special Issue - Diagnobéton 2021
Synchronizing Quantum Harmonic Oscillators through Two-Level Systems
Creators: name: Militello, B.
name: Nakazato, H.
name: Napoli, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Two oscillators coupled to a two-level system which in turn is coupled to an infinite number of oscillators (reservoir) are considered, bringing to light the occurrence of synchronization. A detailed analysis clarifies the physical mechanism that forces the system to oscillate at a single frequency with a predictable and tunable phase difference. Finally, the scheme is generalized to the case of $N$ oscillators and $M(
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Single soliton solution to the extended KdV equation over uneven depth
Creators: name: Rowlands, George
name: Rozmej, Piotr
name: Infeld, Eryk
name: Karczewska, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this note we look at the influence of a shallow, uneven riverbed on a soliton. The idea consists in approximate transformation of the equation governing wave motion over uneven bottom to equation for flat one for which the exact solution exists. The calculation is one space dimensional, and so corresponding to long trenches or banks under wide rivers or else oceans.
description: 12 pages, 7 figures
Asymmetric Dark Matter and Baryogenesis from $SU(2)_{\ell}$
Creators: name: Fornal, Bartosz
name: Shirman, Yuri
name: Tait, Tim M. P.
name: West, Jennifer Rittenhouse
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: hep-ph

description: We propose a theory in which the Standard Model gauge symmetry is extended by a new $SU(2)_\ell$ group acting nontrivially on the lepton sector which is spontaneously broken at the TeV scale. Under this $SU(2)_\ell$ the ordinary leptons form doublets along with new lepton partner fields. This construction naturally contains a dark matter candidate, the partner of the right-handed neutrino, stabilized by a residual global $U(1)_χ$ symmetry. We show that one can explain baryogenesis through an asymmetric dark matter scenario, in which generation of related asymmetries in the dark matter and baryon sectors is driven by the $SU(2)_\ell$ instantons during a first order phase transition in the early universe.
description: Version accepted for publication in Physical Review D. 11 pages, 4 figures. References added, minor changes
Hidden multiparticle excitation in weakly interacting Bose-Einstein Condensate
Creators: name: Watabe, Shohei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate multiparticle excitation effect on a collective density excitation as well as a single-particle excitation in a weakly interacting Bose--Einstein condensate (BEC). We find that although the weakly interacting BEC offers weak multiparticle excitation spectrum at low temperatures, this multiparticle excitation effect may not remain hidden, but emerges as bimodality in the density response function through the single-particle excitation. Identification of spectra in the BEC between the single-particle excitation and the density excitation is also assessed at nonzero temperatures, which has been known to be unique nature in the BEC at absolute zero temperature.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Toward a Galactic Distribution of Planets. I. Methodology & Planet Sensitivities of the 2015 High-Cadence Spitzer Microlens Sample
Creators: name: Zhu, Wei
name: Udalski, A.
name: Novati, S. Calchi
name: Chung, S. -J.
name: Jung, Y. K.
name: Ryu, Y. -H.
name: Shin, I. -G.
name: Gould, A.
name: Lee, C. -U.
name: Albrow, M. D.
name: Yee, J. C.
name: Han, C.
name: Hwang, K. -H.
name: Cha, S. -M.
name: Kim, D. -J.
name: Kim, H. -W.
name: Kim, S. -L.
name: Kim, Y. -H.
name: Lee, Y.
name: Park, B. -G.
name: Pogge, R.
name: Poleski, R.
name: Skowron, J.
name: Mroz, P.
name: Szymanski, M. K.
name: Soszynski, I.
name: Pietrukowicz, P.
name: Kozlowski, S.
name: Ulaczyk, K.
name: Pawlak, M.
name: Beichman, C.
name: Bryden, G.
name: Carey, S.
name: Fausnaugh, M.
name: Gaudi, B. S.
name: Henderson, C.
name: Shvartzvald, Y.
name: Wibking, B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze an ensemble of microlensing events from the 2015 Spitzer microlensing campaign, all of which were densely monitored by ground-based high-cadence survey teams. The simultaneous observations from Spitzer and the ground yield measurements of the microlensing parallax vector $π_{\rm E}$, from which compact constraints on the microlens properties are derived, including $\lesssim$25\% uncertainties on the lens mass and distance. With the current sample, we demonstrate that the majority of microlenses are indeed in the mass range of M dwarfs. The planet sensitivities of all 41 events in the sample are calculated, from which we provide constraints on the planet distribution function. In particular, assuming a planet distribution function that is uniform in $\log{q}$, where $q$ is the planet-to-star mass ratio, we find a $95\%$ upper limit on the fraction of stars that host typical microlensing planets of 49\%, which is consistent with previous studies. Based on this planet-free sample, we develop the methodology to statistically study the Galactic distribution of planets using microlensing parallax measurements. Under the assumption that the planet distributions are the same in the bulge as in the disk, we predict that $\sim$1/3 of all planet detections from the microlensing campaigns with Spitzer should be in the bulge. This prediction will be tested with a much larger sample, and deviations from it can be used to constrain the abundance of planets in the bulge relative to the disk.
description: published on Astronomical Journal
National Open Access Monitor Survey: Defining Requirements: Outcome Webinar
Creators: name: Ferris, Catherine
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: open access
open access monitoring
Ireland
webinar
slides

description: These are the slides from a public webinar, held on 3rd May 2023 to: provide an overview of the National Open Access Monitor Project and the National Open Access Monitor Survey "Defining Requirements" review the results of the survey in detail, and advise on next steps for stakeholders. The presenter was Dr Catherine Ferris, Project Manager of the National Open Access Monitor Project. The webinar launch announcement can be found here: https://irel.ie/oamonitor-february2023survey-update/ The context is detailed in the National Open Access Monitor Project Plan here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7331431 The survey outcome report referred to in this presentation is available here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7822366 The survey response data referred to in this presentation is available here: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.782182 This project is managed by IReL and has received funding from Ireland’s National Open Research Forum under the NORF Open Research Fund. https://norf.ie/funding/ https://norf.ie/orf-projects-announcement/
Precision Tests and Fine Tuning in Twin Higgs Models
Creators: name: Contino, Roberto
name: Greco, Davide
name: Mahbubani, Rakhi
name: Rattazzi, Riccardo
name: Torre, Riccardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the parametric structure of Twin Higgs (TH) theories and assess the gain in fine tuning which they enable compared to extensions of the Standard Model with colored top partners. Estimates show that, at least in the simplest realizations of the TH idea, the separation between the mass of new colored particles and the electroweak scale is controlled by the coupling strength of the underlying UV theory, and that a parametric gain is achieved only for strongly-coupled dynamics. Motivated by this consideration we focus on one of these simple realizations, namely composite TH theories, and study how well such constructions can reproduce electroweak precision data. The most important effect of the Twin states is found to be the infrared contribution to the Higgs quartic coupling, while direct corrections to electroweak observables are sub-leading and negligible. We perform a careful fit to the electroweak data including the leading-logarithmic corrections to the Higgs quartic up to three loops. Our analysis shows that agreement with electroweak precision tests can be achieved with only a moderate amount of tuning, in the range 5-10\%, in theories where colored states have mass of order 3-5 TeV and are thus out of reach of the LHC. For these levels of tuning, larger masses are excluded by a perturbativity bound, which makes these theories possibly discoverable, hence falsifiable, only at a future 100 TeV collider.
description: 50 pages (29 + appendices), 9 figures; v2: the section and appendix on the Higgs potential have been updated, the results are unchanged
Topological quantum error correction in the Kitaev honeycomb model
Creators: name: Lee, Yi-Chan
name: Brell, Courtney
name: Flammia, Steven T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kitaev honeycomb model is an approximate topological quantum error correcting code in the same phase as the toric code, but requiring only a 2-body Hamiltonian. As a frustrated spin model, it is well outside the commuting models of topological quantum codes that are typically studied, but its exact solubility makes it more amenable to analysis of effects arising in this noncommutative setting than a generic topologically ordered Hamiltonian. Here we study quantum error correction in the honeycomb model using both analytic and numerical techniques. We first prove explicit exponential bounds on the approximate degeneracy, local indistinguishability, and correctability of the code space. These bounds are tighter than can be achieved using known general properties of topological phases. Our proofs are specialized to the honeycomb model, but some of the methods may nonetheless be of broader interest. Following this, we numerically study noise caused by thermalization processes in the perturbative regime close to the toric code renormalization group fixed point. The appearance of non-topological excitations in this setting has no significant effect on the error correction properties of the honeycomb model in the regimes we study. Although the behavior of this model is found to be qualitatively similar to that of the standard toric code in most regimes, we find numerical evidence of an interesting effect in the low-temperature, finite-size regime where a preferred lattice direction emerges and anyon diffusion is geometrically constrained. We expect this effect to yield an improvement in the scaling of the lifetime with system size as compared to the standard toric code.
description: 34 pages, 10 figures
EXPLORANDO AS FRONTEIRAS DA INTELIGÊNCIA ARTIFICIAL: DESAFIOS E OPORTUNIDADES
Creators: name: Clareana Maria Guimarães FRANCO
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Inteligência Artificial
Aplicações
Desafios
Oportunidades

description: RESUMO

A inteligência artificial (IA) desempenha um papel cada vez mais importante em nossa sociedade contemporânea, permeando uma ampla gama de setores e impulsionando inovações significativas. Este artigo mediante a metodologia de revisão bibliográfica exploratória buscou examinar as fronteiras da IA, suas aplicações, fundamentos, desafios e oportunidades. No campo da saúde, a IA estar transformando diagnósticos médicos e descoberta de medicamentos, proporcionando diagnósticos mais precisos e acelerando o desenvolvimento de novos tratamentos. Na indústria, a IA impulsiona a automação de processos e o controle de qualidade, melhorando a eficiência operacional e reduzindo custos. No setor financeiro, a IA é usada para análise de mercado e detecção de fraudes, proporcionando insights valiosos e protegendo contra atividades fraudulentas. Na educação, a IA oferece tutoria personalizada e análise de desempenho dos alunos, adaptando o ensino às necessidades individuais e melhorando os resultados acadêmicos. No transporte, a IA estar impulsionando o desenvolvimento de veículos autônomos e logística inteligente, melhorando a segurança nas estradas e otimizando rotas de transporte. Apesar dos desafios, identificamos oportunidades de inovação e avanço na IA, como o aprendizado profundo e a convergência de disciplinas. Ao enfrentarmos esses desafios e aproveitarmos essas oportunidades, podemos moldar um futuro em que a IA seja uma força positiva e capacitadora, impulsionando a inovação, o progresso e o bem-estar da humanidade.
Recent Developments on the Moment Problem
Creators: name: Lin, Gwo Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E05, 44A60

description: We consider univariate distributions with finite moments of all positive orders. The moment problem is to determine whether or not a given distribution is uniquely determined by the sequence of its moments. There is a huge literature on this classical topic. In this survey, we will focus only on the recent developments on the checkable moment-(in)determinacy criteria including Cramer's condition, Carleman's condition, Hardy's condition, Krein's condition and the growth rate of moments, which help us solve the problem more easily. Both Hamburger and Stieltjes cases are investigated. The former is concerned with distributions on the whole real line, while the latter deals only with distributions on the right half-line. Some new results or new simple (direct) proofs of previous criteria are provided. Finally, we review the most recent moment problem for products of independent random variables with different distributions, which occur naturally in stochastic modelling of complex random phenomena.
The Early Universe in the Mass-Energy Gravity (MEG) Framework: A Non-Inflationary Origin from the Unified Limit
Creators: name: Shreenan-Dyck, Chris
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2025
Subjects: classificationCode: 490204
subject: Mathematical aspects of general relativity

description: This paper explores the early universe through the lens of the Maximum Entropy Gravity (MEG) framework, proposing that the cosmos originated at a finite Unified Limit (U)—a stable, maximum energy-density state—rather than a singularity. Derived from the fundamental constraint that the speed of light (c) sets the maximum rate of change, U provides a natural upper bound on energy-density gradients (EDGs) and eliminates the need for inflation. The MEG model successfully explains large-scale CMB anomalies, resolves the horizon problem without inflation, and naturally predicts the suppression of low-e power in the CMB spectrum—key features that ACDM struggles to justify. It also remains fully consistent with Planck’s constraints on Gaussianity and the absence of detectable primordial B-modes, further weakening the necessity of an inflationary phase.Using numerical tests implemented in CAMB/CLASS, we validate MEG’s entropy-driven expansion against observational data, demonstrating that it provides a better fit than ACDM + inflation in several key areas, particularly in addressing the low-e CMB anomalies and the large-angle suppression of correlations beyond 60°. This work challenges the assumption that the universe began at an arbitrarily high energy density and instead establishes MEG as a stronger explanatory framework, where the initial state was physically constrained by entropy and energy redistribution principles rather than an undefined singularity.
Formation of Globular Cluster Candidates in Merging Proto-galaxies at High Redshift: A View from the FIRE Cosmological Simulations
Creators: name: Kim, Ji-hoon
name: Ma, Xiangcheng
name: Grudić, Michael Y.
name: Hopkins, Philip F.
name: Hayward, Christopher C.
name: Wetzel, Andrew
name: Faucher-Giguère, Claude-André
name: Kereš, Dušan
name: Garrison-Kimmel, Shea
name: Murray, Norman
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using a state-of-the-art cosmological simulation of merging proto-galaxies at high redshift from the FIRE project, with explicit treatments of star formation and stellar feedback in the interstellar medium, we investigate the formation of star clusters and examine one of the formation hypothesis of present-day metal-poor globular clusters. We find that frequent mergers in high-redshift proto-galaxies could provide a fertile environment to produce long-lasting bound star clusters. The violent merger event disturbs the gravitational potential and pushes a large gas mass of ~> 1e5-6 Msun collectively to high density, at which point it rapidly turns into stars before stellar feedback can stop star formation. The high dynamic range of the reported simulation is critical in realizing such dense star-forming clouds with a small dynamical timescale, t_ff
description: 14 pages, 14 figures, Accepted for publication in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, High-resolution version of this article also available at http://www.jihoonkim.org/index/research.html#gc
The collisional frequency shift of a trapped-ion optical clock
Creators: name: Vutha, Amar C.
name: Kirchner, Tom
name: Dubé, Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collisions with background gas can perturb the transition frequency of trapped ions in an optical atomic clock. We develop a non-perturbative framework based on a quantum channel description of the scattering process, and use it to derive a master equation which leads to a simple analytic expression for the collisional frequency shift. As a demonstration of our method, we calculate the frequency shift of the Sr$^+$ optical atomic clock transition due to elastic collisions with helium.
CMB Polarization B-mode Delensing with SPTpol and Herschel
Creators: name: Manzotti, A.
name: Story, K. T.
name: Wu, W. L. K.
name: Austermann, J. E.
name: Beall, J. A.
name: Bender, A. N.
name: Benson, B. A.
name: Bleem, L. E.
name: Bock, J. J.
name: Carlstrom, J. E.
name: Chang, C. L.
name: Chiang, H. C.
name: Cho, H-M.
name: Citron, R.
name: Conley, A.
name: Crawford, T. M.
name: Crites, A. T.
name: de Haan, T.
name: Dobbs, M. A.
name: Dodelson, S.
name: Everett, W.
name: Gallicchio, J.
name: George, E. M.
name: Gilbert, A.
name: Halverson, N. W.
name: Harrington, N.
name: Henning, J. W.
name: Hilton, G. C.
name: Holder, G. P.
name: Holzapfel, W. L.
name: Hoover, S.
name: Hou, Z.
name: Hrubes, J. D.
name: Huang, N.
name: Hubmayr, J.
name: Irwin, K. D.
name: Keisler, R.
name: Knox, L.
name: Lee, A. T.
name: Leitch, E. M.
name: Li, D.
name: McMahon, J. J.
name: Meyer, S. S.
name: Mocanu, L. M.
name: Natoli, T.
name: Nibarger, J. P.
name: Novosad, V.
name: Padin, S.
name: Pryke, C.
name: Reichardt, C. L.
name: Ruhl, J. E.
name: Saliwanchik, B. R.
name: Sayre, J. T.
name: Schaffer, K. K.
name: Smecher, G.
name: Stark, A. A.
name: Vanderlinde, K.
name: Vieira, J. D.
name: Viero, M. P.
name: Wang, G.
name: Whitehorn, N.
name: Yefremenko, V.
name: Zemcov, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a demonstration of delensing the observed cosmic microwave background (CMB) B-mode polarization anisotropy. This process of reducing the gravitational-lensing generated B-mode component will become increasingly important for improving searches for the B modes produced by primordial gravitational waves. In this work, we delens B-mode maps constructed from multi-frequency SPTpol observations of a 90 deg$^2$ patch of sky by subtracting a B-mode template constructed from two inputs: SPTpol E-mode maps and a lensing potential map estimated from the $\textit{Herschel}$ $500\,μm$ map of the CIB. We find that our delensing procedure reduces the measured B-mode power spectrum by 28% in the multipole range $300 < \ell < 2300$; this is shown to be consistent with expectations from theory and simulations and to be robust against systematics. The null hypothesis of no delensing is rejected at $6.9 σ$. Furthermore, we build and use a suite of realistic simulations to study the general properties of the delensing process and find that the delensing efficiency achieved in this work is limited primarily by the noise in the lensing potential map. We demonstrate the importance of including realistic experimental non-idealities in the delensing forecasts used to inform instrument and survey-strategy planning of upcoming lower-noise experiments, such as CMB-S4.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Comments are welcomed
Standard Model with spontaneously broken quantum scale invariance
Creators: name: Ghilencea, D. M.
name: Lalak, Z.
name: Olszewski, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore the possibility that scale symmetry is a quantum symmetry that is broken only spontaneously and apply this idea to the Standard Model (SM). We compute the quantum corrections to the potential of the higgs field ($ϕ$) in the classically scale invariant version of the SM ($m_ϕ=0$ at tree level) extended by the dilaton ($σ$). The tree-level potential of $ϕ$ and $σ$, dictated by scale invariance, may contain non-polynomial effective operators, e.g. $ϕ^6/σ^2$, $ϕ^8/σ^4$, $ϕ^{10}/σ^6$, etc. The one-loop scalar potential is scale invariant, since the loop calculations manifestly preserve the scale symmetry, with the DR subtraction scale $μ$ generated spontaneously by the dilaton vev $μ\sim\langleσ\rangle$. The Callan-Symanzik equation of the potential is verified in the presence of the gauge, Yukawa and the non-polynomial operators. The couplings of the non-polynomial operators have non-zero beta functions that we can actually compute from the quantum potential. At the quantum level the higgs mass is protected by spontaneously broken scale symmetry, even though the theory is non-renormalizable. We compare the one-loop potential to its counterpart computed in the "traditional" DR scheme that breaks scale symmetry explicitly ($μ=$constant) in the presence at the tree level of the non-polynomial operators.
description: 18 pages (v4: some clarifications in Section 1; references added)
Effect of initial-state nucleon shadowing on the elliptic flow of thermal photons
Creators: name: Dasgupta, Pingal
name: Chatterjee, Rupa
name: Singh, Sushant K.
name: Alam, Jan-e
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently the effect of nucleon shadowing on the Monte-Carlo Glauber initial condition was studied and its role on the centrality dependence of elliptic flow ($v_2$) and fluctuations in initial eccentricity for different colliding nuclei were explored. It was found that the results with shadowing effects are closer to the QCD based dynamical model as well as to the experimental data. Inspired by this outcome, in this work we study the transverse momentum ($p_T$) spectra and elliptic flow of thermal photons for Au+Au collisions at RHIC and Pb+Pb collisions at LHC by incorporating the shadowing effects in deducing the initial energy density profile required to solve the relativistic hydrodynamical equations. We find that the thermal photon spectra remain almost unaltered, however, the elliptic flow of photon is found to be enhanced significantly due to shadowing effects.
description: 9 pages, 10 figures
Sound clocks and sonic relativity
Creators: name: Todd, Scott L.
name: Menicucci, Nicolas C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Physics (physics.class-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Sound propagation within certain non-relativistic condensed matter models obeys a relativistic wave equation despite such systems admitting entirely non-relativistic descriptions. A natural question that arises upon consideration of this is, "do devices exist that will experience the relativity in these systems?" We describe a thought experiment in which 'acoustic observers' possess devices called sound clocks that can be connected to form chains. Careful investigation shows that appropriately constructed chains of stationary and moving sound clocks are perceived by observers on the other chain as undergoing the relativistic phenomena of length contraction and time dilation by the Lorentz factor, with c the speed of sound. Sound clocks within moving chains actually tick less frequently than stationary ones and must be separated by a shorter distance than when stationary to satisfy simultaneity conditions. Stationary sound clocks appear to be length contracted and time dilated to moving observers due to their misunderstanding of their own state of motion with respect to the laboratory. Observers restricted to using sound clocks describe a universe kinematically consistent with the theory of special relativity, despite the preferred frame of their universe in the laboratory. Such devices show promise in further probing analogue relativity models, for example in investigating phenomena that require careful consideration of the proper time elapsed for observers.
description: (v2) consistent with published version; (v1) 15 pages, 9 figures
Experimental demonstration of wave-particle duality relation based on coherence measure
Creators: name: Yuan, Yuan
name: Hou, Zhibo
name: Zhao, Yuan-Yuan
name: Zhong, Han-Sen
name: Xiang, Guo-Yong
name: Li, Chuan-Feng
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wave-particle duality is a typical example of Bohr's complementarity principle that plays a significant role in quantum mechanics. Previous studies used the visibility of an interference pattern to quantify the wave property and used path information to quantify the particle property. However, coherence is the core and basis of the interference phenomenon. If we could use coherence to characterize the wave property, the understanding of wave-particle duality would be strengthened. A recent theoretical work [Phys. Rev. Lett. 116, 160406 (2016)] found two relations between quantum coherence and path information. Here, we demonstrate the new measure of wave-particle duality based on two kinds of coherence measures quantitatively for the first time. The wave property, quantified by the coherence in the l1-norm measure and the relative entropy measure, can be obtained via tomography of the target state, which is encoded in the path degree of freedom of the photons. The particle property, quantified by the path information, can be obtained via the discrimination of detector states, which is encoded in the polarization degree of freedom of the photons. Our work may deepen people's understanding of coherence and provide a new perspective regarding wave-particle duality.
Online Spatial Concept and Lexical Acquisition with Simultaneous Localization and Mapping
Creators: name: Taniguchi, Akira
name: Hagiwara, Yoshinobu
name: Taniguchi, Tadahiro
name: Inamura, Tetsunari
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In this paper, we propose an online learning algorithm based on a Rao-Blackwellized particle filter for spatial concept acquisition and mapping. We have proposed a nonparametric Bayesian spatial concept acquisition model (SpCoA). We propose a novel method (SpCoSLAM) integrating SpCoA and FastSLAM in the theoretical framework of the Bayesian generative model. The proposed method can simultaneously learn place categories and lexicons while incrementally generating an environmental map. Furthermore, the proposed method has scene image features and a language model added to SpCoA. In the experiments, we tested online learning of spatial concepts and environmental maps in a novel environment of which the robot did not have a map. Then, we evaluated the results of online learning of spatial concepts and lexical acquisition. The experimental results demonstrated that the robot was able to more accurately learn the relationships between words and the place in the environmental map incrementally by using the proposed method.
description: This paper was accepted in the 2017 IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems (IROS 2017)
Magneto-optical conductivity of double Weyl semimetals
Creators: name: Sun, Yong
name: Wang, An-Min
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the magneto-optical response of double Weyl semimetals whose energy dispersion is intrinsically anisotropic. We find that in the presence of a magnetic field, the most salient feature of the optical conductivity is a series of resonant peaks with the corresponding frequencies scaling linearly with the strength of the magnetic field. In addition, the optical conductivity is found to be anisotropic, with two of the three longitudinal components residing at a linear background and the remaining one at a constant background. The effects of chemical potential, temperature, impurity scattering, and particle-hole symmetry breaking on the optical conductivity are also studied.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures
Conditions of Affection: Intimacy, Love, and Sex in Queer Studies of Early America
Creators: name: Shilts, Madeleine
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Gender and Sexuality Studies
subject: Queer Studies
subject: Queer History
subject: Queer Theory
subject: Early America
subject: Affection and Intimacy
subject: US Military History
subject: American Revolution
subject: Asexuality Studies

description: Queer studies and gender and sexuality studies have often focused on the sexual components of relationships to reconstruct the historical narrative. However, sex and sexuality do not define the entirety of the queer experience. This work seeks to introduce affection and intimacy as a methodology by which scholars can re-examine queer history in a manner that is inclusive to all members of the LGBTQIA+ community while also navigating the difficulty of applying modern terminology to historical contexts.
Partition function of free conformal fields in 3-plet representation
Creators: name: Beccaria, M.
name: Tseytlin, A. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Simplest examples of AdS/CFT duality correspond to free CFTs in d dimensions with fields in vector or adjoint representation of an internal symmetry group dual in the large N limit to a theory of massless or massless plus massive higher spins in AdS_{d+1}. One may also study generalizations when conformal fields belong to higher dimensional representations, i.e. carry more than two internal symmetry indices. Here we consider the case of the 3-fundamental ("3-plet") representation. One motivation is a conjectured connection to multiple M5-brane theory: heuristic arguments suggest that it may be related to an (interacting) CFT of 6d (2,0) tensor multiplets in 3-plet representation of large N symmetry group that has an AdS_7 dual. We compute the singlet partition function Z on S^1 x S^{d-1} for a free field in 3-plet representation of U(N) and analyse its novel large N behaviour. The large N limit of the low temperature expansion of Z which is convergent in the vector and adjoint cases here is only asymptotic, reflecting the much faster growth of the number of singlet operators with dimension, indicating a phase transition at very low temperature. Indeed, while the critical temperatures in the vector (T_c ~ N^a, a >0) and adjoint (T_c ~ 1) cases are finite, we find that in the 3-plet case T_c ~ 1/ log N, i.e. it approaches zero at large N. We discuss some details of large N solution for the eigenvalue distribution. Similar conclusions apply to higher p-plet representations of U(N) or O(N) and also to the free p-tensor theories invariant under [U(N)]^p or [O(N)]^p starting with p=3.
description: 41 pages, several figures. v2: references added. v3: minor corrections
Stationary Distributions of the Atlas Model
Creators: name: Tsai, Li-Cheng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this article we study the Atlas model, which constitutes of Brownian particles on $ \mathbb{R} $, independent except that the Atlas (i.e., lowest ranked) particle $ X_{(1)}(t) $ receive drift $ γdt $, $ γ\in\mathbb{R} $. For any fixed shape parameter $ a>2γ_- $, we show that, up to a shift $ \frac{a}{2}t $, the entire particle system has an invariant distribution $ ν_a $, written in terms an explicit Radon-Nikodym derivative with respect to the Poisson point process of density $ a e^{aξ} dξ$. We further show that $ ν_a $ indeed has the product-of-exponential gap distribution $ π_a $ derived in Sarantsev and Tsai (2016). As a simple application, we establish a bound on the fluctuation of the Atlas particle $ X_{(1)}(t) $ uniformly in $ t $, with the gaps initiated from $ π_a $ and $ X_{(1)}(0)=0 $.
description: 10 pages; 0 figure; Updated to match the published version
Wind-accelerated orbital evolution in binary systems with giant stars
Creators: name: Chen, Zhuo
name: Blackman, Eric G.
name: Nordhaus, Jason
name: Frank, Adam
name: Carroll-Nellenback, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using 3D radiation-hydrodynamic simulations and analytic theory, we study the orbital evolution of asymptotic-giant-branch (AGB) binary systems for various initial orbital separations and mass ratios, and thus different initial accretion modes. The time evolution of binary separations and orbital periods are calculated directly from the averaged mass loss rate, accretion rate and angular momentum loss rate. We separately consider spin-orbit synchronized and zero spin AGB cases. We find that the the angular momentum carried away by the mass loss together with the mass transfer can effectively shrink the orbit when accretion occurs via wind-Roche-lobe overflow. In contrast, the larger fraction of mass lost in Bondi-Hoyle-Lyttleton accreting systems acts to enlarge the orbit. Synchronized binaries tend to experience stronger orbital period decay in close binaries. We also find that orbital period decay is faster when we account for the nonlinear evolution of the accretion mode as the binary starts to tighten. This can increase the fraction of binaries that result in common envelope, luminous red novae, Type Ia supernovae and planetary nebulae with tight central binaries. The results also imply that planets in the the habitable zone around white dwarfs are unlikely to be found.
description: 10 pages, 10 figures and 6 tables submitted to MNRAS
Bounding the quantum limits of precision for phase estimation with loss and thermal noise
Creators: name: Gagatsos, Christos N.
name: Bash, Boulat A.
name: Guha, Saikat
name: Datta, Animesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the problem of estimating an unknown but constant carrier phase modulation $θ$ using a general -- possibly entangled -- $n$-mode optical probe through $n$ independent and identical uses of a lossy bosonic channel with additive thermal noise. We find an upper bound to the quantum Fisher information (QFI) of estimating $θ$ as a function of $n$, the mean and variance of the total number of photons $N_{\rm S}$ in the $n$-mode probe, the transmissivity $η$ and mean thermal photon number per mode ${\bar n}_{\rm B}$ of the bosonic channel. Since the inverse of QFI provides a lower bound to the mean-squared error (MSE) of an unbiased estimator $\tildeθ$ of $θ$, our upper bound to the QFI provides a lower bound to the MSE. It already has found use in proving fundamental limits of covert sensing, and could find other applications requiring bounding the fundamental limits of sensing an unknown parameter embedded in a correlated field.
description: No major changes to previous version. Change in the title and abstract, change in the presentation and structure, an example of the bound is now included, and some references were added. Comments are welcome
Using a DPG method to validate DMA experimental calibration of viscoelastic materials
Creators: name: Fuentes, Federico
name: Demkowicz, Leszek
name: Wilder, Aleta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65N12, 65N30

description: A discontinuous Petrov-Galerkin (DPG) method is used to solve the time-harmonic equations of linear viscoelasticity. It is based on a "broken" primal variational formulation, which is very similar to the classical primal variational formulation used in Galerkin methods, but has additional "interface" variables at the boundaries of the mesh elements. Both the classical and broken formulations are proved to be well-posed in the infinite-dimensional setting, and the resulting discretization is proved to be stable. A full $hp$-convergence analysis is also included, and the analysis is verified using computational simulations. The method is particularly useful as it carries its own natural arbitrary-$p$ a posteriori error estimator, which is fundamental for solving problems with localized solution features. This proves to be useful when validating calibration models of dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) experiments. Indeed, different DMA experiments of epoxy and silicone resins were successfully validated to within $5\%$ of the quantity of interest using the numerical method.
description: 23 pages, 5 figures
Model order reduction for stochastic dynamical systems with continuous symmetries
Creators: name: Mowlavi, Saviz
name: Sapsis, Themistoklis P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Stochastic dynamical systems with continuous symmetries arise commonly in nature and often give rise to coherent spatio-temporal patterns. However, because of their random locations, these patterns are not well captured by current order reduction techniques and a large number of modes is typically necessary for an accurate solution. In this work, we introduce a new methodology for efficient order reduction of such systems by combining (i) the method of slices, a symmetry reduction tool, with (ii) any standard order reduction technique, resulting in efficient mixed symmetry-dimensionality reduction schemes. In particular, using the Dynamically Orthogonal (DO) equations in the second step, we obtain a novel nonlinear Symmetry-reduced Dynamically Orthogonal (SDO) scheme. We demonstrate the performance of the SDO scheme on stochastic solutions of the 1D Korteweg-de Vries and 2D Navier-Stokes equations.
description: Minor revisions
Variational calculation of the ground state of closed-shell nuclei up to $A=40$
Creators: name: Lonardoni, D.
name: Lovato, A.
name: Pieper, Steven C.
name: Wiringa, R. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Variational calculations of ground-state properties of $^4$He, $^{16}$O, and $^{40}$Ca are carried out employing realistic phenomenological two- and three-nucleon potentials. The trial wave function includes two- and three-body correlations acting on a product of single-particle determinants. Expectation values are evaluated with a cluster expansion for the spin-isospin dependent correlations considering up to five-body cluster terms. The optimal wave function is obtained by minimizing the energy expectation value over a set of up to 20 parameters by means of a nonlinear optimization library. We present results for the binding energy, charge radius, one- and two-body densities, single-nucleon momentum distribution, charge form factor, and Coulomb sum rule. We find that the employed three-nucleon interaction becomes repulsive for $A\geq16$. In $^{16}$O the inclusion of such a force provides a better description of the properties of the nucleus. In $^{40}$Ca instead, the repulsive behavior of the three-body interaction fails to reproduce experimental data for the charge radius and the charge form factor. We find that the high-momentum region of the momentum distributions, determined by the short-range terms of nuclear correlations, exhibit a universal behavior independent of the particular nucleus. The comparison of the Coulomb sum rules for $^4$He, $^{16}$O, and $^{40}$Ca reported in this work will help elucidate in-medium modifications of the nucleon form factors.
description: 24 pages, 25 figures
The geometry of $m$-hyperconvex domains
Creators: name: Ahag, Per
name: Czyz, Rafal
name: Hed, Lisa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the geometry of $m$-regular domains within the Caffarelli-Nirenberg-Spruck model in terms of barrier functions, envelopes, exhaustion functions, and Jensen measures. We prove among other things that every $m$-hyperconvex domain admits an exhaustion function that is negative, smooth, strictly $m$-subharmonic, and has bounded $m$-Hessian measure.
Two Families of Buffered Frobenius Representations of Overpartitions
Creators: name: Morrill, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11P81

description: We generalize the generating series of the Dyson ranks and $M_2$-ranks of overpartitions to obtain $k$-fold variants, and give a combinatorial interpretation of each. The $k$-fold generating series correspond to the full ranks of two families of buffered Frobenius representations, which generalize Lovejoy's first and second Frobenius representations of overpartitions, respectively.
Constraining the Milky Way assembly history with Galactic Archaeology. Ludwig Biermann Award Lecture 2015
Creators: name: Minchev, I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of Galactic Archaeology is to recover the evolutionary history of the Milky Way from its present day kinematical and chemical state. Because stars move away from their birth sites, the current dynamical information alone is not sufficient for this task. The chemical composition of stellar atmospheres, on the other hand, is largely preserved over the stellar lifetime and, together with accurate ages, can be used to recover the birthplaces of stars currently found at the same Galactic radius. In addition to the availability of large stellar samples with accurate 6D kinematics and chemical abundance measurements, this requires detailed modeling with both dynamical and chemical evolution taken into account. An important first step is to understand the variety of dynamical processes that can take place in the Milky Way, including the perturbative effects of both internal (bar and spiral structure) and external (infalling satellites) agents. We discuss here (1) how to constrain the Galactic bar, spiral structure, and merging satellites by their effect on the local and global disc phase-space, (2) the effect of multiple patterns on the disc dynamics, and (3) the importance of radial migration and merger perturbations for the formation of the Galactic thick disc. Finally, we discuss the construction of Milky Way chemo-dynamical models and relate to observations.
description: 25 p., 17 fig., Review article associated with Ludwig Biermann Award Lecture 2015, Published in Astron. Nachr