cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The Tlingit land otter complex : coherence in the social and shamanic order
Creators: name: Barazzuol, Richard A.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: This thesis deals with Tlingit notions about death, spirits, land otters and shamans. The linkage between these categories and their relationship to the social order are explored by examining Tlingit mythology. Particular myths are analyzed that embody the concepts and beliefs which the Tlingit used to deal with the unanswerable question: What happens when someone dies? Socially, there was a set pattern of ritual practices and a series of memorial feasts to dispense with the body and spirit of someone who died a normal death. Yet, there was an anomalous situation associated with death by drowning or being lost in the woods. The Tlingit indicated that people who died in this manner were taken by land otter spirits and could become shamans if certain conditions were met. This thesis contends that this explanatory scenario was an important aspect of Tlingit cosmology, since it provided a means of illustrating the source of shamanic power, and also of how that power was related to the social aspects of Tlingit culture. The myths dealing with land otter possession offer information about how shamanic power was attained and also provide a glimpse into the importance of the role of the Tlingit shaman as a mediator between the social and the spiritual domains.
Strategische Verschlechterungen in dynamischen Konflikten: Eine empirische Untersuchung im Rahmen der Konfliktanalyse
Creators: name: Chinczewski, Jonas
Publisher: name: Karlsruhe
Year: 2019
Subjects: Spieltheorie
Konfliktanalyse
Conflict Analysis
Graph Model for Conflict Resolution

description: Die Arbeit befasst sich mit dem Spieltheorie-basierten Modell der Konfliktanalyse nach Fraser und Hipel (1979, 1984). In diesem Kontext untersucht sie das empirische Auftreten strategisch-motivierter Verschlechterungshandlungen in dynamischen Konflikten. Das zentrale konfliktanalyti-sche Lösungskonzept SEQ schließt unmittelbare Verschlechterungshandlungen für die modellierten Parteien aus. Die Arbeit greift die theoretische Diskussion um das Auftreten von strategisch-motivierten Verschlechterungen aus empirischer Perspektive auf und identifiziert Strukturmerkale von Situationen unter denen strategische Verschlechterungen vermehrt beobachtet werden können.
Im Zentrum der Untersuchung stehen drei Struktureigenschaften, für die eine Wahl von Ver-schlechterungshandlungen erwartet wird: (1) Der Status quo einer Situation wird von der handeln-den Partei weniger präferiert als der von ihr im schlechtesten Fall erwartete Konfliktausgang (auch Minimalpunkt), (2) es existiert ein Gleichgewicht, das gegenüber dem Status quo Pareto-superior ist, und (3) die aktive Partei kann ein gegenüber dem Status quo präferiertes Gleichgewicht induzieren, indem sie die Gegenpartei durch eine Verschlechterung zu einer Reaktion zwingt. Zur Untersu-chung der Assoziation dieser Struktureigenschaften mit der Wahl von Verschlechterungen wird ein dynamisches spieltheoretisches Laborexperiment auf Basis von 3x3 Matrixspielen durchgeführt.
Die empirischen Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Konfliktparteien keine grundsätzliche Vermeidung von Verschlechterungshandlungen forcieren. Verschlechterungen werden insbesondere durchgeführt, sofern auf Basis strategischer Überlegungen eine präferierte Konfliktlösung erreichbar scheint. Ins-besondere für zwei Konstellationen kann dies signifikant und robust gezeigt werden: Einerseits für Nash-stabilen Status quo, in denen sich die handelnde Partei in ihrem Minimalpunkt, also dem im schlechtesten Fall erwarteten Konfliktausgang, befindet. Und andererseits für (rein) SEQ-stabilen Status quo, aus denen die handelnde Partei ein präferiertes (reines) SEQ-Gleichgewicht über eine Verschlechterung induzieren kann. Besteht also die Wahl zwischen Verbesserungs- und Verschlechterungshandlungen, kann nur eine Induzierbarkeit die explizite Wahl einer Verschlechterungshandlung begünstigen.
NEON Data in the Classroom: Using the QUBES Platform and Faculty Mentoring Networks to Build, Adapt, and Publish Data-Driven Open Educational Resources
Creators: name: Naithani, Kusum
name: Jones, Megan
name: Grayson, Kristine
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2019

description: Poster on the NEON Faculty Mentoring Network presented at the 2019 BioQUEST & QUBES Summer Workshop
Additional file 2 of Can the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay be used as an antimicrobial stewardship tool? A prospective assay validation and descriptive impact assessment study in a South African setting
Creators: name: Reddy, Kessendri
name: Whitelaw, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 2: Table S2. Characteristics of the included patients with blood cultures containing Gram positive cocci in clusters (n = 227). A summary of the basic demographic characteristics of the patients included in the diagnostic evaluation of the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay, and the suspected source of sepsis in the 195 patients with clinical history on source of sepsis.
Unravelling the sbottom spin at the CERN LHC
Creators: name: Alves, Alexandre
name: Eboli, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Establishing that a signal of new physics is undoubtly supersymmetric requires not only the discovery of the supersymmetric partners but also probing their spins and couplings. We show that the sbottom spin can be probed at the CERN Large Hadron Collider using only angular correlations in sbottom pair production with subsequent decay of sbottoms into bottom quark plus the lightest neutralino, which allow us to distinguish a universal extra dimensional interpretation with a fermionic heavy bottom quark from supersymmetry with a bosonic bottom squark. We demonstrate that this channel provides a clear indication of the sbottom spin provided the sbottom production rate and branching ratio into bottom quark plus the lightest neutralino are sufficiently large to have a clear signal above Standard Model backgrounds.
description: 9 pages, 11 figures
Detecting bubbles in exotic nuclei
Creators: name: Khan, E.
name: Grasso, M.
name: Margueron, J.
name: Van Giai, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The occurrence of a bubble, due to an inversion of s$_{1/2}$ state with the state usually located above, is investigated. Proton bubbles in neutron-rich Argon isotopes are optimal candidates. Pairing effects which can play against the bubble formation are evaluated. They cannot prevent bubble formation in very neutron-rich argon isotopes such as $^{68}$Ar. This pleads for a measurement of the charge density of neutron-rich argon isotopes in the forthcoming years, with the advent of electron scattering experiments in next generation exotic beam facilities such as FAIR or RIBF.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Nucl. Phys. A
Modeling the three-point correlation function
Creators: name: Marin, Felipe
name: Wechsler, Risa
name: Frieman, Joshua
name: Nichol, Robert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present new predictions for the galaxy three-point correlation function (3PCF) using high-resolution dissipationless cosmological simulations of a flat LCDM Universe which resolve galaxy-size halos and subhalos. We create realistic mock galaxy catalogs by assigning luminosities and colors to dark matter halos and subhalos, and we measure the reduced 3PCF as a function of luminosity and color in both real and redshift space. As galaxy luminosity and color are varied, we find small differences in the amplitude and shape dependence of the reduced 3PCF, at a level qualitatively consistent with recent measurements from the SDSS and 2dFGRS. We confirm that discrepancies between previous 3PCF measurements can be explained in part by differences in binning choices. We explore the degree to which a simple local bias model can fit the simulated 3PCF. The agreement between the model predictions and galaxy 3PCF measurements lends further credence to the straightforward association of galaxies with CDM halos and subhalos.
description: 12 pages, 11 figures, ApJ accepted. Corrected typos, minor changes from referee comments
Memory Interface and Controller Designs and Optimizations for Next Generation Memory Systems
Creators: name: Le, Trung Ba
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: DRAM has been used as the conventional main memory for decades and cannot catch up with the increasing demands on high bandwidth and large capacity of modern-day applications such as server virtualization, machine learning, generative artificial intelligence and image classification. DRAM is volatile memory that requires periodic refresh to retain stored data and is prone to soft errors. Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) technologies promise significantly higher densities, zero refresh power, and lower cost-per-bit compared to DRAM. In this thesis, we analyze the applications' run-time memory access pattern and propose novel memory interface and controller designs that enable hybrid memory configuration and improve system performance by filtering unnecessary memory accesses.

First, we present POMI, a polling-based memory interface framework that enables multiple memory technologies to be housed under the same system. POMI is a decoupled memory organization which uses polling-based bus protocol for communications between the memory controller and DIMMs, instead of the conventional DDRx bus protocol. The POMI design adds additional bus lines dedicated to transfer communication packets. To avoid
the cost, we further propose an improvement that utilizes the Command/Address bus to transfer the communication packets. We propose two novel bus scheduling policies called static grouping and dynamic grouping, which schedule multiple packets together before flipping the bus' direction.

Next, we present MSF, a Memory-Side perceptron-based prefetching Filtering which is an accuracy- and memory-state-aware prefetch filtering mechanism that can adaptively learn memory access patterns of the underlying prefetcher and filter useless prefetches from further polluting the cache hierarchy. A good prediction by MSF effectively prevents unnecessary prefetches from further polluting the caches. Unlike other filtering schemes which only examine core-side metadata, MSF monitors both core-side and memory-side
features which can convey information that has not been analyzed by the underlying prefetcher Our evaluation shows that these proposed schemes can successfully enable heterogeneous memory configuration and further improve performance and energy efficiency of the underlying hardware-based prefetcher.
แบบจำลองอุทกธรณีวิทยาเชิงมโนทัศน์และอุทกธรณีเคมีของแหล่งนํ้าบาดาลในลุ่มนํ้าห้วยสายบาตร
Creators: name: รุ่งเรือง เลิศศิริวรกุล
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2556
Subjects: แบบจำลองอุทกธรณีวิทยาเชิงมโนทัศน์, อุทกธรณีเคมี, ห้วยสายบาตร, ชั้นหินให้น้ำตะกอนร่วน

description: 6, 32, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Multi-spectral Observations of Lunar Occultations: I. Resolving The Dust Shell Around AFGL 5440
Creators: name: Harvey, Paul M.
name: Oldag, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present observations and modeling of a lunar occultation of the dust-enshrouded carbon star AFGL 5440. The observations were made over a continuous range of wavelengths from 1 - 4um with a high-speed spectrophotometer designed expressly for this purpose. We find that the occultation fringes cannot be fit by any single-size model. We use the DUSTY radiative transfer code to model a circumstellar shell and fit both the observed occultation light curves and the spectral energy distribution described in the literature. We find a strong constraint on the inner radius of the dust shell, Tmax = 950 K +/- 50K, and optical depth at 5um of 0.5 +/- 0.1. The observations are best fit by models with a density gradient of r^-2 or the gradient derived by Ivezic & Elitzur for a radiatively driven hydrodynamic outflow. Our models cannot fit the observed IRAS 60um flux without assuming a substantial abundance of graphite or by assuming a substantially higher mass-loss rate in the past.
Duality-invariant extensions of Einstein-Maxwell theory
Creators: name: Cano, Pablo A.
name: Murcia, Ángel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate higher-derivative extensions of Einstein-Maxwell theory that are invariant under electromagnetic duality rotations, allowing for non-minimal couplings between gravity and the gauge field. Working in a derivative expansion of the action, we characterize the Lagrangians giving rise to duality-invariant theories up to the eight-derivative level, providing the complete list of operators that one needs to include in the action. We also characterize the set of duality-invariant theories whose action is quadratic in the Maxwell field strength but which are non-minimally coupled to the curvature. Then we explore the effect of field redefinitions and we show that, to six derivatives, the most general duality-preserving theory can be mapped to Maxwell theory minimally coupled to a higher-derivative gravity containing only four non-topological higher-order operators. We conjecture that this is a general phenomenon at all orders, i.e, that any duality-invariant extension of Einstein-Maxwell theory is perturbatively equivalent to a higher-derivative gravity minimally coupled to Maxwell theory. Finally, we study charged black hole solutions in the six-derivative theory and we investigate additional constraints on the couplings motivated by the weak gravity conjecture.
description: 40 pages, no figures; references added, minor fixes
Performance Analysis of Publish/Subscribe Systems
Creators: name: Abbes, Heithem
name: Cérin, Christophe
name: Dubacq, Jean-Christophe
name: Jemni, Mohamed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Desktop Grid offers solutions to overcome several challenges and to answer increasingly needs of scientific computing. Its technology consists mainly in exploiting resources, geographically dispersed, to treat complex applications needing big power of calculation and/or important storage capacity. However, as resources number increases, the need for scalability, self-organisation, dynamic reconfigurations, decentralisation and performance becomes more and more essential. Since such properties are exhibited by P2P systems, the convergence of grid computing and P2P computing seems natural. In this context, this paper evaluates the scalability and performance of P2P tools for discovering and registering services. Three protocols are used for this purpose: Bonjour, Avahi and Free-Pastry. We have studied the behaviour of theses protocols related to two criteria: the elapsed time for registrations services and the needed time to discover new services. Our aim is to analyse these results in order to choose the best protocol we can use in order to create a decentralised middleware for desktop grid.
Characidium serrano Buckup & Reis 1997
Creators: name: Casciotta, Jorge
name: Almirón, Adriana
name: Doubnerová, Klára
name: Piálek, Lubomír
name: Říčan, Oldřich
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Characiformes
Crenuchidae
Characidium
Characidium serrano

description: Characidium serrano Buckup & Reis, 1997 (fig. 3)
Morphometric data are given in table 1. Premaxillary teeth 7-8; dentary teeth 9-10. Lateral line scales 36. Scale rows above lateral line 4-5 and below 3. Scales in predorsal series 11-13. Scales around caudal peduncle 12. Dorsal-fin rays iii,9. Pectoral-fin rays i,9-i,11. Anal-fin rays ii, 6.
Characidium serrano is known from the rio Jacutinga, upper río Uruguay basin in Santa Catarina State, Brazil. The specimens of C. serrano reported on herein were collected in the arroyo Shangay, middle río Uruguay basin and arroyo Toro, upper río Uruguay basin in Misiones province, Argentina (figs. 1, 4).
Material examined: MLP 10751, 1 ex., 51.7 mm SL, río Uruguay basin, Misiones province, arroyo Shangay (27°28'13.8" S, 54°41'24.5" W), December 2007. MLP 10752, 2 ex., 46.6-51.7 mm SL, río Uruguay basin, Misiones Province, arroyo Toro (26º36ʹ32.81ʺ S, 53º44ʹ13.97ʺ W), February 2012.
description: Published as part of Casciotta, Jorge, Almirón, Adriana, Doubnerová, Klára, Piálek, Lubomír & Říčan, Oldřich, 2015, First records of Characidium heirmostigmata and C. serrano (Characiformes: Crenuchidae) from freshwaters of Argentina., pp. 1-3 in Ichthyological Contributions of PecesCriollos 34 on page 2, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.11558266
Additional file 3 of Can the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay be used as an antimicrobial stewardship tool? A prospective assay validation and descriptive impact assessment study in a South African setting
Creators: name: Reddy, Kessendri
name: Whitelaw, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 3: Table S3. Patients with Gram positive cocci in clusters on blood culture and adequate antibiotic history who were excluded from impact analysis due to discordance between culture result, clinical history and antibiotic therapy (n = 3). Further details on the three patients with adequate clinical history pertaining to antibiotic use who were excluded from analysis due to inconsistency between culture result, clinical history and antibiotic therapy.
Correlation functions in the Non Perturbative Renormalization Group and field expansion
Creators: name: Guerra, Diego
name: Mendez-Galain, Ramon
name: Wschebor, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The usual procedure of including a finite number of vertices in Non Perturbative Renormalization Group equations in order to obtain $n$-point correlation functions at finite momenta is analyzed. This is done by exploiting a general method recently introduced which includes simultaneously all vertices although approximating their momentum dependence. The study is performed using the self-energy of the tridimensional scalar model at criticality. At least in this example, low order truncations miss quantities as the critical exponent $η$ by as much as 60%. However, if one goes to high order truncations the procedure seems to converge rapidly.
description: 20 pages, 6 figures. Minor changes. Version to be published in EPJ B
ผลการประเมินค่าการย่อยได้ของวัตถุแห้งและพลังงานใช้ประโยชน์ได้ของกลีเซอรีนดิบใน ไก่ไข่เพศผู้พันธุ์ไฮเซ็ทบราวน์
Creators: name: นัสวัล บุญวงศ์
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: ไก่ไข่เพศผู้, กลีเซอรีนดิบ, การย่อยได้ของวัตถุแห้ง, พลังงานที่ใช้ประโยชน์ได้

description: 5, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Using Synthetic Biology to Teach Data Science
Creators: name: Saha, Margaret
name: Abu-Ageel, Beteel
name: Challa, Sanjana
name: Fang, Xiangyi
name: Hibbert, Chai
name: Isler, Anna
name: Nafziger, Elias
name: Oliver, Adam
name: Peng, Hanqiu
name: Urban, Julia
name: Zhu, Vivian
Publisher: name: QUBES Educational Resources
Year: 2019

description: Abstract for poster on using synthetic biology to introduce students to meaningful data mining, analysis, and application to engineering novel biological constructs.
Quantifying the fine structures of disk galaxies with deep learning:Segmentation of spiral arms in different Hubble types
Creators: name: Bekki, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spatial correlations between spiral arms and other galactic components such as giant molecular clouds and massive OB stars suggest that spiral arms can play vital roles in various aspects of disk galaxy evolution. Segmentation of spiral arms in disk galaxies is therefore a key task to investigate these correlations. We here try to decompose disk galaxies into spiral and non-spiral regions by using U-net, which is based on deep learning algorithms and has been invented for segmentation tasks in biology.
description: Accepted by A&A (15 pages, 15 figures)
การพัฒนาห้องเผาไหม้เตาชีวมวลจากเซรามิก
Creators: name: พิสิษฏ์ มณีโชติ
Publisher: name: มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Year: 2557
Subjects: แก๊สซิฟิเคชั่น, ห้องเผาไหม้, เตาแก๊สชีวมวล, เซรามิก

description: 5, 33, วารสารวิทยาศาสตร์และเทคโนโลยี มหาวิทยาลัยมหาสารคาม
Learn2Reg - The Challenge (2022)
Creators: name: Heinrich, Mattias
name: Hansen, Lasse
name: Alessa Hering
name: Großbröhmer, Christoph
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: registration
brain
thorax
abdomen
deformable
multimodal
realtime
MICCAI
Challenge

description: Medical image registration plays a very important role in improving clinical workflows, computer-assisted interventions and diagnosis as well as for research studies involving e.g. morphological analysis. Besides ongoing research into new concepts for optimisation, similarity metrics, domain adaptation and deformation models, deep learning for medical registration is currently starting to show promising advances that could improve the robustness, generalisation, computational speed and accuracy of conventional algorithms to enable better practical translation. Nevertheless, before Learn2Reg there was no commonly used benchmark dataset to compare state-of-the-art learning based registration among another and with their conventional (not trained) counterparts.
 This year, we want to further extend the Learn2Reg challenge to new tasks and challenges. We will move from a type 1 to a type 2 challenge meaning that only Docker submissions containing the algorithm are allowed. This facilitates reproducibility and further use of the algorithms in the research community. Further innovations are introduced in Task 1 and 3.
 In task 1, the challenge is divided into two phases: In phase 1, participants train/tune their algorithms locally and submit the algorithms via grand-challenge. The best teams of this phase are invited to participate in phase 2. In phase 2, the participants submit a training docker that will be run by the organizers on a larger dataset that includes additional annotations that are not publically available. The trained networks will be made available via grand-challenge.
 Task 3 of Learn2Reg 2022 aims to find the best self-configuring registration algorithm that can automatically be trained and optimised on a variety of hidden datasets. Possible solutions include modular architectural designs that enable adaptive changes in cost function and optimisation strategy or hyper-networks that can be efficiently fine-tuned with few parameters after initial training. Participants are encouraged to upload a single docker container that automatically learns a registration model on any given training/validation dataset (e.g. but not limited to multimodal abdominal fusion, intra-patient lung CT and follow-up as well as inter-subject alignment).
Role of hybrid forecasting techniques for transportation planning of broiler meat under uncertain demand in thailand
Creators: name: Thoranin Sujjaviriyasup
name: Komkrit Pitiruek
Publisher: name: Faculty of Engineering, Khon Kaen University
Year: 2014
Subjects: Hybrid forecasting model,Transportation networks,ARIMA,Support vector machine

description: 4, 41, KKU Engineering Journal
Stochastic background of relic scalar gravitational waves from scalar-tensor gravity
Creators: name: Capozziello, S.
name: Corda, Ch.
name: De Laurentis, M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A stochastic background of relic gravitational waves is achieved by the so called adiabatically-amplified zero-point fluctuations process derived from early inflation. In principle, it provides a distinctive spectrum of relic gravitational waves. In the framework of scalar-tensor gravity, we discuss the scalar modes of gravitational waves and the primordial production of this scalar component which is generated beside tensorial one. We discuss also the upper limit for such a relic scalar component with respect to the WMAP constraints.
description: 7 pages, 1 figure
Constraints on the Self-Interaction Cross-Section of Dark Matter from Numerical Simulations of the Merging Galaxy Cluster 1E 0657-5
Creators: name: Randall, Scott W.
name: Markevitch, Maxim
name: Clowe, Douglas
name: Gonzalez, Anthony H.
name: Bradac, Marusa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) We compare recent results from X-ray, strong lensing, weak lensing, and optical observations with numerical simulations of the merging galaxy cluster 1E0657-56. X-ray observations reveal a bullet-like subcluster with a prominent bow shock, while lensing results show that the positions of the total mass peaks are consistent with the centroids of the collisionless galaxies (and inconsistent with the X-ray brightness peaks). Previous studies, based on older observational datasets, have placed upper limits on the self-interaction cross-section of dark matter per unit mass, sigma/m, using simplified analytic techniques. In this work, we take advantage of new, higher-quality observational datasets by running N-body simulations of 1E0657-56 that include the effects of self-interacting dark matter, and comparing the results with observations. Furthermore, the recent data allow for a new independent method of constraining sigma/m, based on the non-observation of an offset between the bullet subcluster mass peak and galaxy centroid. This new method places an upper limit (68% confidence) of sigma/m < 1.25 cm^2/g. If we make the assumption that the subcluster and the main cluster had equal mass-to-light ratios prior to the merger, we derive our most stringent constraint of sigma/m < 0.7 cm^2/g, which comes from the consistency of the subcluster's observed mass-to-light ratio with the main cluster's, and with the universal cluster value, ruling out the possibility of a large fraction of dark matter particles being scattered away due to collisions. Our limit is a slight improvement over the previous result from analytic estimates, and rules out most of the 0.5 - 5cm^2/g range invoked to explain inconsistencies between the standard collisionless cold dark matter model and observations.
Stringy Instantons at Orbifold Singularities
Creators: name: Argurio, Riccardo
name: Bertolini, Matteo
name: Ferretti, Gabriele
name: Lerda, Alberto
name: Petersson, Christoffer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the effects produced by D-brane instantons on the holomorphic quantities of a D-brane gauge theory at an orbifold singularity. These effects are not limited to reproducing the well known contributions of the gauge theory instantons but also generate extra terms in the superpotential or the prepotential. On these brane instantons there are some neutral fermionic zero-modes in addition to the ones expected from broken supertranslations. They are crucial in correctly reproducing effects which are dual to gauge theory instantons, but they may make some other interesting contributions vanish. We analyze how orientifold projections can remove these zero-modes and thus allow for new superpotential terms. These terms contribute to the dynamics of the effective gauge theory, for instance in the stabilization of runaway directions.
description: Latex, 29 pages, 6 figures. v3: typos corrected, one comment and refs added, published version
Additional file 4 of Can the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay be used as an antimicrobial stewardship tool? A prospective assay validation and descriptive impact assessment study in a South African setting
Creators: name: Reddy, Kessendri
name: Whitelaw, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 4: Table S4. Evolution of antimicrobial therapy on Gram stain and culture result availability, in patients with Gram positive cocci in clusters on blood culture and known antibiotic history (n = 178). Action (modification/de-escalation/no change) in the 178 patients with known antibiotic history, in response to Gram stain and culture result release.
Challenges for an axion explanation of the muon $g-2$ measurement
Creators: name: Buen-Abad, Manuel A.
name: Fan, JiJi
name: Reece, Matthew
name: Sun, Chen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discrepancy between the muon $g-2$ measurement and the Standard Model prediction points to new physics around or below the weak scale. It is tantalizing to consider the loop effects of a heavy axion (in the general sense, also known as an axion-like particle) coupling to leptons and photons as an explanation for this discrepancy. We provide an updated analysis of the necessary couplings, including two-loop contributions, and find that the new physics operators point to an axion decay constant on the order of 10s of GeV. This poses major problems for such an explanation, as the axion couplings to leptons and photons must be generated at low scales. We outline some possibilities for how such couplings can arise, and find that these scenarios predict new charged matter at or below the weak scale and new scalars can mix with the Higgs boson, raising numerous phenomenological challenges. These scenarios also all predict additional contributions to the muon $g-2$ itself, calling the initial application of the axion effective theory into question. We conclude that there is little reason to favor an axion explanation of the muon $g-2$ measurement relative to other models postulating new weak-scale matter.
description: 20 pages + 2 appendices and bibliography; 6 figures. Version 2: improvements based on comments and corrections from feedback as well as more extensive references. Acknowledgments updated accordingly
Efficient dynamical nuclear polarization in quantum dots: Temperature dependence
Creators: name: Urbaszek, B.
name: Braun, P. -F.
name: Marie, X.
name: Krebs, O.
name: Lemaitre, A.
name: Voisin, P.
name: Amand, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate in micro-photoluminescence experiments the dynamical nuclear polarization in individual InGaAs quantum dots. Experiments carried out in an applied magnetic field of 2T show that the nuclear polarization achieved through the optical pumping of electron spins is increasing with the sample temperature between 2K and 55K, reaching a maximum of about 50%. Analysing the dependence of the Overhauser shift on the spin polarization of the optically injected electron as a function of temperature enables us to identify the main reasons for this increase.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 5 of Can the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay be used as an antimicrobial stewardship tool? A prospective assay validation and descriptive impact assessment study in a South African setting
Creators: name: Reddy, Kessendri
name: Whitelaw, Andrew
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Additional file 5: Table S5. Contribution of antibiotic agents to the days of antibiotic therapy saved in patients with known antibiotic history (n = 178). A summary of antibiotic days potentially saved, by antibiotic type, in this cohort with use of the Xpert MRSA/SA BC assay.
Turbulent Diffusion of Lines and Circulations
Creators: name: Eyink, Gregory L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study material lines and passive vectors in a model of turbulent flow at infinite-Reynolds number, the Kraichnan-Kazantsev ensemble of velocities that are white-noise in time and rough (Hoelder continuous) in space. It is argued that the phenomenon of ``spontaneous stochasticity'' generalizes to material lines and that conservation of circulations generalizes to a ``martingale property'' of the stochastic process of lines.
description: 13 pages; no figures
Additional file 1 of Incorporating structural similarity into a scoring function to enhance the prediction of binding affinities
Creators: name: Beihong Ji
name: Xibing He
name: Yuzhao Zhang
name: Jingchen Zhai
name: Man, Viet Hoang
name: Shuhan Liu
name: Wang, Junmei
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Lists the name, entry code, resolution, released date and deposition author for each receptor studied in this paper. Table S3. Lists the RMSE, MAE, R2 and PI values before and after calibration of the Glide docking scores under the conditions of different CSE function and fingerprint. Table S4. Lists the difference of metrics for the measurement of docking performance before and after the calibration, i.e., dRMSE, dMAE, dR2 and dPI for the Glide scoring function. Table S5. Lists and Figure S1. Shows the RMSE, MAE, R2 and PI values before and after calibration of the AutoDock Vina docking scores under the conditions of different CSE functions and fingerprints. Table S6. Shows RMSE, MAE, R2 and PI values before and after calibration of Glide docking scores for compounds in the external test sets from DUD-E database. Figure S2. Shows the comparison of RMSE, MAE, R2 and PI values before and after the calibration of the Glide docking scores for A2AR and CFX external test sets using the best hybrid scoring function (FP2 fingerprint with CSE = S4). Table S7. Displays AUC, EF1 % and EF10 % values before and after calibration of Glide docking scores for compounds in the external test sets from DUD-E database. Figure S3. Shows ROC curves before and after calibration of the Glide docking scores for A2AR and CFX external test sets.
A correction method for the telluric absorptions and application to Lijiang Observatory
Creators: name: Lu, Kai-Xing
name: Zhang, Zhi-Xiang
name: Huang, Ying-Ke
name: Ren, An-Bing
name: Xu, Liang
name: Feng, Hai-Cheng
name: Xin, Yu-Xin
name: Ding, Xu
name: Yu, Xiao-Guang
name: Bai, Jin-Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Observing a telluric standard star for correcting the telluric absorption lines of spectrum will take a significant amount of precious telescope time, especially in the long-term spectral monitoring project. Beyond that, it's difficult to select a suitable telluric standard star near in both time and airmass to the scientific object. In this paper, we present a method of correcting the telluric absorption lines by combining the advantages of long slit spectroscopy. By rotating the slit, we observed the scientific object and a nearby comparison star in one exposure, so that the spectra of both objects should have the same telluric transmission spectrum. The telluric transmission spectrum was constructed by dividing the observed spectrum of comparison star by its stellar template, and was used to correct the telluric absorption lines of the scientific object. Using the long slit spectrograph of Lijiang 2.4-meter telescope, we designed a long-term spectroscopic observation strategy, and finished a four-year spectroscopic monitoring for a pair of objects (an active galactic nuclei and an non-varying comparison star). We applied this method to correct the telluric absorption lines of the long-term monitored spectra by Lijiang 2.4-meter telescope, and investigated the variation of the telluric absorptions at Lijiang Observatory. We found that the telluric absorption transparency is mainly modulated by the seasonal variability of the relative humidity, airmass and seeing. Using the scatter of the [O~III] $λ$5007 fluxes emitted from the narrow-line region of active galactic nuclei as an indicator, we found that the correction accuracy of the telluric absorption lines is 1%.
description: 15 pages, 10 figure, accepted for publication in RAA (Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics)
Anisotropic Turbulence in Position-Position-Velocity Space: Probing Three-Dimensional Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Hu, Yue
name: Lazarian, A.
name: Xu, Siyao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Direct measurements of three-dimensional magnetic fields in the interstellar medium (ISM) are not achievable. However, the anisotropic nature of magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) turbulence provides a novel way of tracing the magnetic fields. Guided by the advanced understanding of turbulence's anisotropy in the Position-Position-Velocity (PPV) space, we extend the Structure-Function Analysis (SFA) to measure both the three-dimensional magnetic field orientation and Alfven Mach number $M_A$, which provides the information on magnetic field strength. Following the theoretical framework developed in Kandel et al. (2016), we find that the anisotropy in a given velocity channel is affected by the inclination angle between the 3D magnetic field direction and the line-of-sight as well as media magnetization. We analyze the synthetic PPV cubes generated by incompressible and compressible MHD simulations. We confirm that the PPV channel's intensity fluctuations measured in various position angles reveal plane-of-the-sky magnetic field orientation. We show that by varying the channel width, the anisotropies of the intensity fluctuations in PPV space can be used to simultaneously estimate both magnetic field inclination angle and strength of total magnetic fields.
description: 22 pages, 17 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Quadratic maps between groups
Creators: name: Hartl, Manfred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20F18 (Primary) 16S34 (Secondary)

description: The notion of quadratic maps between arbitrary groups appeared at several places in the literature on quadratic algebra. Here a unified extensive treatment of their properties is given; the relation with a relative version of Passi's polynomial maps and groups of degree 2 is established and used to study the structure of the latter.
description: 22 pages; added references; relation with the literature updated and extended
Anisotropic compact stars in $f(R)$ gravity
Creators: name: Nashed, G. G. L.
name: Capozziello, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a new interior solution for stellar compact objects in $f\mathcal{(R)}$ gravity assuming a differential relation to constrain the Ricci curvature scalar. To this aim, we consider specific forms for the radial component of the metric and the first derivative of $f\mathcal{(R)}$. After, the time component of the metric potential and the form of $f(\mathcal R)$ function are derived. From these results, it is possible to obtain the radial and tangential components of pressure and the density. The resulting interior solution represents a physically motivated anisotropic neutron star model. It is possible to match it with a boundary exterior solution. From this matching, the components of metric potentials can be rewritten in terms of a compactness parameter $C$ which has to be $C=2GM/Rc^2 <<0.5$ for physical consistency. Other physical conditions for real stellar objects are taken into account according to the solution. We show that the model accurately bypasses conditions like the finiteness of radial and tangential pressures, and energy density at the center of the star, the positivity of these components through the stellar structure, and the negativity of the gradients. These conditions are satisfied if the energy-conditions hold. Moreover, we study the stability of the model by showing that Tolman-Oppenheimer-Volkoff equation is at hydrostatic equilibrium. The solution is matched with observational data of millisecond pulsars with a withe dwarf companion and pulsars presenting thermonuclear bursts.
description: 22 pages, 9 figures
An airport management method for Canada in the 1990's : lessons from the Canadian and American experience
Creators: name: Brennan, Robert Gerald Lewis
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: During the last forty years metropolitan airports in Canada have been controlled by a federal authority and managed with a minimum of input from local sources. The situation under which this control was first initiated has changed radically since that time; a shrinking world combined with greatly increased traffic means that airports require more efficient planning and management of resources than in the past when they were not effectively integrated into an urban planning scheme. The thesis examines the effectiveness of airport management using five criteria: the implementation of a national aviation policy, the administration of technology and aviation growth, the acquisition of funds for airport development, the effect of political suasion on airport management and the balancing of airport management goals and community goals. Several models of airport management from both Canada and the United States are used. The main aim is to show how decentralization of airport management is necessary to meet late-twentieth century and future demands. The research method for the thesis is a comparative analysis of airport management's effectiveness in Canada and the United States using the five criteria. The airports chosen for the thesis for both Canada and the United States represent the centres for moving seventy to eighty percent of the passenger traffic in these countries. It is concluded that the present Canadian federal ministerial management method has been unsuccessful in: implementing fully national aviation policies, responding effectively to the process of deregulation, reducing the political nature of development decisions at the airports, and providing funds for airport development where required. While American methods of airport management furnish useful insights they can not be applied in the same way in Canada because of different political structures. Airports under municipal control risk domination by local political issues and ineffective integration into a national and international network. The airport authority as an autonomous body offers the best structure for responding to the changing needs of a wide variety of users. The less partisan nature of the decision-making process of the airport authority would be a vast improvement over the ministerial approach for: implementation of a national aviation policy, the management of the process of deregulation, the elimination of unnecessary political intervention with airport decisions, and increased access to funds for airport development.
Terminal Culture: Literature, Television, and Film Amidst Supply Chain Capitalism
Creators: name: Powell, Tierney Scott
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2024

description: Terminal Culture: Literature, Television, and Film Amidst Supply Chain Capitalism argues that literature, television, and film produce powerful narratives that theorize and imagine alternatives to logistics, the spatial practice and organizational logic undergirding expansive and intensifying global commodity chains and the fossil economies that fuel them. Through formal and materialist analysis of works including HBO’s The Wire and Station Eleven, Karen Tei Yamashita’s Tropic of Orange, Colson Whitehead’s Zone One, and Alex Rivera’s Sleep Dealer and Why Cybraceros, I theorize how aesthetic representations of logistical crises—bottlenecks, blockades, viral mutations, and environmental catastrophes—expose the dehumanizing and ecocidal logics of accelerating, energy-intensive capitalist circulation. While freight transport sectors account for 11% of global greenhouse gas emissions and constitute a network that is almost sublime in its scale and ubiquity, literature, film, and television offer prisms for bringing proliferating petrocapitalist circulation into common understanding. Further, I argue that these works imagine what I call “counter-logistics,” which names a set of formal and thematic tactics used by cultural production to denaturalize logistical fantasies, socio-spatial practices, and organizational systemic operations and to open up the potential to imagine new forms of social, infrastructural, and logistical organization. The counterlogistical prospect of Terminal Culture invests in the belief that infrastructures, organizational systems, and a certain choreography of resources, materials, and labor at scale(s) can be collectively held, non-exploitative, and the basis of human flourishing. Amidst the overlapping crises of the present, from within the terminal present, I contend that literature, television, and film—and the cognitive work they impel and necessitate—might help stir us from the logistical nightmare, seize the means of logistical organization, and work towards counterlogistical flourishing.