Burmeistera variabilis E. Wimm., Repert. 2023, Spec. Nov.
Creators: name: González, Favio
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Magnoliopsida
Asterales
Campanulaceae
Burmeistera
Burmeistera variabilis

description: 53. Burmeistera variabilis (Gleason) E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 52. 1931.   
 Centropogon variabilis Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 446. 1924. Type:— COLOMBIA. Caldas: Buenos Aires, north of Supia, 2000‒ 2200 m, 18–19 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10734 (holotype: NY! [NY00546966]). Figs. 27E–H, 28.   
 Centropogon gravidus Gleason, Bull. Torrey Bot. Club 51: 447. 1924. Burmeistera gravida (Gleason) E.Wimm., Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 29: 52. 1931. Burmeistera variabilis var. gravida (Gleason) E.Wimm., Pflanzenr. IV. 276b: 158. 1943. Type:— COLOMBIA. Valle del Cauca: La Cumbre, 1700‒2100 m, 09 Sept 1922 (fl, fr), E. Killip & T. Hazen 11122 (holotype: NY! [NY00519403]; isotypes: GH! [GH00033081], PH! [PH 00004014], US! [US 00146872]).   
Upright herbs to subshrubs up to 1.5 m tall. Stem puberulous. Petiole 1.0– 3.5 cm, puberulous; blade elliptic to obovate, (5–)9–24 × (3.0–) 3.5–12.5 cm, puberulous along the veins above, puberulous mainly along the veins beneath, base cuneate to acute, frequently asymmetric, apex acute to acuminate, margin loosely and irregularly toothed, with teeth of two sizes, the larger 5–10 mm long, separated from each other by 10–20 mm and intermingled with smaller (2–5 mm long) teeth, hydathodes 1 or 2 per centimeter, extramarginal, secondary veins 9 to 11 per side, intramarginal vein present. Peduncle 5–7 cm long, puberulous, with two liguliform bracteoles, each 1–3 × 0.5–0.8 mm. Hypanthium cylindric, 7–10 × 5–7 mm, puberulous. Calyx lobes narrowly lanceolate, 5–9 × 2–4 mm, puberulous, ascending, basally contiguous, margin with ca. 3 teeth per side, apex acute. Corolla green to yellowish-green, puberulous; tube 2–3 cm long, 2.5–3.0 mm diameter at its base and mid-level, slightly inflated at the throat; lobes linear, falcate, apex acute; dorsal lobes 10–13 × 2–3 mm, lateral lobes 6–10 × 2.0– 3.5 mm, ventral lobe 5–7 × 2.5–4.5 mm. Synandrium 2.9–3.8 cm long, exserted up to 1.4 cm; filament tube 2.5–3.0 cm long, glabrous; anther tube 4–8 mm long, glabrous except for the slightly tomentose sutures, and the two ventral anthers that are barbate at their apices. Berries globose, 2.0– 2.5 cm in diameter, puberulous, green.  
 Phenology: — Burmeistera variabilis sets flowers and fruits from January to May, and from July to December.   
 Distribution, ecology and conservation status: — Burmeistera variabilis is restricted to the Western and the Central cordilleras of Colombia. It occurs in wet forests between 1500 and 2700, in the departments of Antioquia, Caldas, Chocó, Córdoba, Risaralda, Tolima and Valle del Cauca. Following the IUCN (2022) Guidelines, this species qualifies for the Near Threatened (NT) category.   
 Note: — Burmeistera variabilis is similar to B. orientalis (see distinctive traits under the latter).   
 Additional specimens examined:— Antioquia. Yarumal, Alto de Ventanas, sobre la carretera a El Cedro, 2100 m, 7°10´N, 75°28´W, 13 Dec 1986 (fl), R. Callejas et al. 3178 (HUA); Santa Rosa de Osos, Llanos de Cuivá, 3.5 km sobre la vía a La Argentina, 2500 m, 2700 m, 6°44´30´´N, 70°29´0´´W, 19 Mar 2004 (fr), R. Callejas et al. 13394 (HUA); Betania, Farallones de Citará, paraje Las Canoas, margen derecho del Río Pedral, 5º44´N, 76º00´W, 1730 m, 12 Nov 1997 (fl), R. Fonnegra et al. 6633 (HUA); 5 km down road to San Fermin de Briceño, W off Pan American Hwy., ca. 25 km N of Yarumal, 1525‒1830 m, ca. 7°01´N, 75°35´W, 26 May 1984 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 10772 (JAUM, NY); Yarumal, Alto Ventanas, along road to El Cedro, to ca. 6 km from its junction with Yarumal-Pto. Valdivia Hwy., 7º10´N, 75º28´W, ca. 2100 m, 8 Nov 1987 (fl), J. L. Luteyn et al. 11896 (NY); Salgar, carretera La Margarita-La Regada, cerca de la toma del agua en la quebrada Liboriana, 2000‒2100 m, O. Marulanda et al. 546 (HUA); Jardín, vereda Macanas, 2380 m, 17 Apr 2002 (fl), A. Rivas et al. 565 (HUA). Chocó. San José del Palmar, vereda San Antonio, en potrero de A. Carmona, 4º50´N, 76º11´W, 20 Apr 1998 (fl, fr), H. López et al. 1774 (HUA). Córdoba. Cascada Chorrón, south of Antizales (sphalm pro Antezales), 25 Feb 1918 (fl), F. Pennell 4397 (NY). Risaralda. Río San Rafael, below cerro Tatamá, 7–11 Sep 1922 (fl), F. Pennell 10324 (NY), 10325 (NY). Tolima. Líbano, 26–29 Dec 1917 (fl, fr), F. Pennell 3409 (NY). Valle del Cauca. Finca Zingara, on road from km 18 on Cali-Buenaventura highway to Dapa, 4 km N of main highway, 03°32´35´´N, 76°36´W, 1900‒2100 m, 5 Aug 1997 (fr), T. Croat et al. 80631 (CUVC); Cordillera Occidental, Monte La Guarida, filo de la cordillera sobre La Carbonera (Entre las Brisas y Albán), 1950‒2000 m, 16–24 Oct 1946 (fr), J. Cuatrecasas 22221 (COL, VALLE); filo de la cordillera sobre Las Brisas, monte El Tabor, 1970‒2100 m, 22 Oct 1946 (fl, fr), J. Cuatrecasas 22414 (VALLE); Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, hoya del río Digua, quebrada del río San Juan, arriba de Queremal, Las Colonias, 1950‒2050 m, 20 Mar 1947 (fl, fr), J. Cuatrecasas 23887 (VALLE); Cordillera Occidental, vertiente occidental, cerca del filo divisorío entre los departamentos de El Valle y El Chocó, N de Alban, 2100 m, 17 Aug 1944 (fl, fr), A. Dugand 3066 (COL); El Cairo, San José del Palmar, Cerro del Inglés, 2000 m, 29 May 2008 (fl, fr), J. Garzón 467 (COL), 477 (COL); La Cumbre, 1900‒2200 m, 21–25 May 1922, E. Killip 5921 (GH, NY); cuenca del río Cali, cercanías de Peñas Blancas, 10–11 Jan 1963 (fl), López-Figueiras 8158 (VALLE), 8176 (VALLE); Cali-Loboguerrero road, sideroad to San Antonio (Telecom Tower) ca. km 16, cloud forest edge and disturbed road-sides, 2000‒2195 m, 8 Mar 1979 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 6974 (NY); Queremal, Campamento Tokio (Telecom towers), above Queremal, 2000‒2075 m, 22 Apr 1979 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 7350 (NY); Queremal, Campamento Tokio (telecom towers), ca. 9 km W of Queremal, ca. 3°30´N, 76°42´W, 2000‒2100 m, 21 Apr 1989 (fl, fr), J. L. Luteyn et al. 12594 (CUVC, NY); La Cumbre, 1800‒2000 m, 14–19 May 1922 (fl), F. W. Pennell 5723 (GH, NY); El Cairo, Cerro del Inglés, Cordillera Occidental, Serranía de Los Paraguas, a 1 hora en jeep de El Cairo, 2300‒2400 m, 28 Dec 1986 (fl), P. Silverstone 2698 (CUVC).
description: Published as part of González, Favio, 2023, Taxonomic revision of Burmeistera (Campanulaceae-Lobelioideae) in Colombia, pp. 1-113 in Phytotaxa 615 (1) on pages 95-97, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.615.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/8389205