cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The morphology and kinematics of the Fine Ring Nebula, planetary nebula Sp 1, and the shaping influence of its binary central star
Creators: name: Jones, D.
name: Mitchell, D. L.
name: Lloyd, M.
name: Pollacco, D.
name: O'Brien, T. J.
name: Meaburn, J.
name: Vaytet, N. M. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first detailed spatio-kinematical analysis and modelling of the planetary nebula Shapley 1 (Sp 1), which is known to contain a close-binary central star system. Close-binary central stars have been identified as a likely source of shaping in planetary nebulae, but with little observational support to date. Deep narrowband imaging in the light of [O III] λ5007A suggests the presence of a large bow-shock to the west of the nebula, indicating that it is undergoing the first stages of an interaction with the interstellar medium. Further narrowband imaging in the light of Hα+[NII] λ6584A combined with longslit observations of the Hα emission have been used to develop a spatio-kinematical model of Sp 1. The model clearly reveals Sp 1 to be a bipolar, axisymmetric structure viewed almost pole-on. The symmetry axis of the model nebula is within a few degrees of perpendicular to the orbital plane of the central binary system - strong evidence that the central close-binary system has played an important role in shaping the nebula. Sp 1 is one of very few nebulae to have this link, between nebular symmetry axis and binary plane, shown observationally.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
The 25Mg(p,g)Al reaction at low astrophysical energies
Creators: name: LUNA Collaboration
name: Strieder, F.
name: Limata, B.
name: Formicola, A.
name: Imbriani, G.
name: Junker, M.
name: Bemmerer, D.
name: Best, A.
name: Broggini, C.
name: Caciolli, A.
name: Corvisiero, P.
name: Costantini, H.
name: DiLeva, A.
name: Elekes, Z.
name: Fülöp, Zs.
name: Gervino, G.
name: Guglielmetti, A.
name: Gustavino, C.
name: Gyürky, Gy.
name: Lemut, A.
name: Marta, M.
name: Mazzocchi, C.
name: Menegazzo, R.
name: Prati, P.
name: Roca, V.
name: Rolfs, C.
name: Alvarez, C. Rossi
name: Somorjai, E.
name: Straniero, O.
name: Terrasi, F.
name: Trautvetter, H. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the present work we report on a new measurement of resonance strengths in the reaction 25Mg(p,gamma)26Al at E_cm= 92 and 189 keV. This study was performed at the LUNA facility in the Gran Sasso underground laboratory using a 4pi BGO summing crystal. For the first time the 92 keV resonance was directly observed and a resonance strength omega-gamma=(2.9+/-0.6)x10E-10 eV was determined. Additionally, the gamma-ray branchings and strength of the 189 keV resonance were studied with a high resolution HPGe detector yielding an omega-gamma value in agreement with the BGO measurement, but 20% larger compared to previous works.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Physics Letters B
Asteroseismology using quadrupolar f-modes revisited: breaking of universal relationships in the slow hadron-quark conversion scenario
Creators: name: Ranea-Sandoval, Ignacio F.
name: Mariani, Mauro
name: Celi, Marcos O.
name: Rodríguez, M. Camila
name: Tonetto, Lucas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we consider polar perturbations and we calculate the frequency and damping time of the quadrupolar fundamental f -mode of compact objects, constructed using a wide range of model-independent hybrid equations of state that include quark matter. We give special attention to the impact of the hadron-quark conversion speed that, in the slow case, gives rise to a branch of slow stable hybrid stars. Moreover, we study the validity of universal relationships proposed in the literature and find out that none of them remains valid when slow stable hybrid stars are taken into account. This fact could constrain the applicability of asteroseismology methods with fundamental modes designed to estimate the properties of pulsating compact objects. We hope that this result could be tested with the start up of the third-generation gravitational wave observatories, which might shed some light on the f -mode emission from compact objects.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures. Comments are welcome
Centrality dependence of freeze-out parameters from Au+Au collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}}=$7.7, 11.5 and 39 GeV
Creators: name: Kumar, Lokesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The RHIC beam energy scan program in its first phase collected data for Au+Au collisions at beam energies of 7.7, 11.5 and 39 GeV. The event statistics collected at these lower energies allow us to study the centrality dependence of various observables in detail, and compare to fixed-target experiments at SPS for similar beam energies. The chemical and kinetic freeze-out parameters can be extracted from the experimentally measured yields of identified hadrons within the framework of thermodynamical models. These then provide information about the system at the stages of the expansion where inelastic and elastic collisions of the constituents cease. We present the centrality dependence of freeze-out parameters for Au+Au collisions at midrapidity for $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 7.7$, 11.5, and 39 GeV from the STAR experiment. The chemical freeze-out conditions are obtained by comparing the measured particle ratios (involving $π$, $K$, $p$, and $\bar{p}$) to those from the statistical thermal model calculations. The kinetic freeze-out conditions are extracted at these energies by simultaneously fitting the invariant yields of identified hadrons ($π$, $K$, and $p$) using Blast Wave model calculations.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures, the proceedings of 7th International Workshop on Critical Point and Onset of Deconfinement (CPOD2011), Wuhan, China, Nov. 7-11, 2011
An Ultrasonically Powered Implantable Microprobe for Electrolytic Ablation
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020

description: © 2020, The Author(s). Electrolytic ablation (EA) is a promising nonthermal tumor ablation technique that destroys malignant cells through induction of a locoregional pH change. EA is typically performed by inserting needle electrodes inside the tumor followed by application of direct current (DC), thus inducing electrolysis and creating localized pH changes around the electrodes. In this paper, we report an ultrasonically powered implantable EA microprobe that may increase the clinical relevance of EA by allowing wireless control over device operation (capability to remotely turn the device on and off) and providing flexibility in treatment options (easier to administer fractionated doses over a longer period). The wireless EA microprobe consists of a millimeter-sized piezoelectric ultrasonic receiver, a rectifier circuit, and a pair of platinum electrodes (overall size is 9 × 3 × 2 mm3). Once implanted through a minimally invasive procedure, the microprobe can stay within a solid tumor and be repeatedly used as needed. Ultrasonic power allows for efficient power delivery to mm-scale devices implanted deep within soft tissues of the body. The microprobe is capable of producing a direct current of 90 µA at a voltage of 5 V across the electrodes under low-intensity ultrasound (~200 mW/cm2). The DC power creates acidic (pH < 2) and alkaline (pH > 12.9) regions around the anode and the cathode, respectively. The pH change, measured using tissue-mimicking agarose gel, extends to 0.8 cm3 in volume within an hour at an expansion rate of 0.5 mm3/min. The microprobe-mediated EA ablative capability is demonstrated in vitro in cancer cells and ex vivo in mouse liver.
Experimental test of quantum non-Gaussianity of heralded single photon state
Creators: name: Jezek, Miroslav
name: Straka, Ivo
name: Micuda, Michal
name: Dusek, Miloslav
name: Fiurasek, Jaromir
name: Filip, Radim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experimental verification of quantum non-Gaussianity of a heralded single photon state with positive Wigner function. We unambiguously demonstrate that the generated state cannot be expressed as a mixture of Gaussian states. A sufficient information to witness the quantum non-Gaussianity is obtained from a standard photon anti-correlation measurement.
Monoaxial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction-induced topological Hall effect in a new chiral-lattice magnet GdPt$_2$B
Creators: name: Sato, Yoshiki J.
name: Manako, Hikari
name: Okazaki, Ryuji
name: Yasui, Yukio
name: Nakamura, Ai
name: Aoki, Dai
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the topological Hall effect (THE) in the monoaxial chiral crystal GdPt$_2$B, a recently discovered compound that exhibits putative helimagnetism below 87 K. The distinct THE was observed in GdPt2B in the magnetically ordered state. The scaling relations for anomalous and topological Hall conductivities differed from those of conventional models based on the scattering process. We further demonstrate the clear scaling behavior of the THE in a wide temperature range, which we attribute to the monoaxial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya (DM) interaction under external magnetic fields perpendicular to the screw axis. The THE induced by the monoaxial DM interaction as well as the THE in a monoaxial chiral crystal of f-electron system are demonstrated in this study.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures. To be published in Phys. Rev. B
The "soft ridge" -- is it initial-state geometry or modified jets?
Creators: name: Trainor, Thomas A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An $η$-elongated same-side 2D peak ("soft ridge") in minimum-bias angular correlations from heavy ion collisions has been attributed both to jet formation and to initial-state geometry structure coupled to radial flow. We consider evidence for both interpretations.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, to be published in the Proceedings of the XLI International Symposium on Multiparticle Dynamics (ISMD 2011), 26-30 September, 2011, Miyajima Island, Hiroshima, Japan
The faint young Sun problem
Creators: name: Feulner, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: For more than four decades, scientists have been trying to find an answer to one of the most fundamental questions in paleoclimatology, the `faint young Sun problem'. For the early Earth, models of stellar evolution predict a solar energy input to the climate system which is about 25% lower than today. This would result in a completely frozen world over the first two billion years in the history of our planet, if all other parameters controlling Earth's climate had been the same. Yet there is ample evidence for the presence of liquid surface water and even life in the Archean (3.8 to 2.5 billion years before present), so some effect (or effects) must have been compensating for the faint young Sun. A wide range of possible solutions have been suggested and explored during the last four decades, with most studies focusing on higher concentrations of atmospheric greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide, methane or ammonia. All of these solutions present considerable difficulties, however, so the faint young Sun problem cannot be regarded as solved. Here I review research on the subject, including the latest suggestions for solutions of the faint young Sun problem and recent geochemical constraints on the composition of Earth's early atmosphere. Furthermore, I will outline the most promising directions for future research. In particular I would argue that both improved geochemical constraints on the state of the Archean climate system and numerical experiments with state-of-the-art climate models are required to finally assess what kept the oceans on the Archean Earth from freezing over completely.
description: 32 pages, 8 figures. Invited review paper accepted for publication in Reviews of Geophysics
Analysis of Caputo impulsive fractional order differential equations with applications
Creators: name: Mahto, Lakshman
name: Abbas, Syed
name: Favini, Angelo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34A08

description: We use Sadavoskii's fixed point method to investigate the existence and uniqueness of solutions of Caputo impulsive fractional differential equations of order αbetween 0 and 1 with one example of impulsive logistic model and few other examples as well. We also discuss Caputo impulsive fractional differential equations with finite delay. The results proven are new and complement the existing one.
description: 25 pages
Systematic performance of the ASKAP Fast Radio Burst search algorithm
Creators: name: Qiu, Hao
name: Keane, Evan F.
name: Bannister, Keith W.
name: James, Clancy W.
name: Shannon, Ryan M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detecting fast radio bursts (FRBs) requires software pipelines to search for dispersed single pulses of emission in radio telescope data. In order to enable an unbiased estimation of the underlying FRB population, it is important to understand the algorithm efficiency with respect to the search parameter space and thus the survey completeness. The Fast Real-time Engine for Dedispersing Amplitudes (FREDDA) search pipeline is a single pulse detection pipeline designed to identify radio pulses over a large range of dispersion measures (DM) with low latency. It is used on the Australian Square Kilometre Array Pathfinder (ASKAP) for the Commensal Real-time ASKAP Fast Transients (CRAFT) project . We utilise simulated single pulses in the low- and high-frequency observation bands of ASKAP to analyse the performance of the pipeline and infer the underlying FRB population. The simulation explores the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (S/N) recovery as a function of DM and the temporal duration of FRB pulses in comparison to injected values. The effects of intra-channel broadening caused by dispersion are also carefully studied in this work using control datasets. Our results show that for Gaussian-like single pulses, $> 85 \%$ of the injected signal is recovered by pipelines such as FREDDA at DM < 3000 $\mathrm{pc\ cm^{-3}}$ using standard boxcar filters compared to an ideal incoherent dedispersion match filter. Further calculations with sensitivity implies at least $\sim 10\%$ of FRBs in a Euclidean universe at target sensitivity will be missed by FREDDA and HEIMDALL, another common pipeline, in ideal radio environments at 1.1 GHz.
description: 11 pages 13 figures. Accepted for MNRAS; Data and simulation code available online
Multimodal mapping of the face connectome
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Adult
Brain
Connectome
Face
Female
Humans
Male
Nerve Net
Young Adult

description: © 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited. Face processing supports our ability to recognize friend from foe, form tribes and understand the emotional implications of changes in facial musculature. This skill relies on a distributed network of brain regions, but how these regions interact is poorly understood. Here we integrate anatomical and functional connectivity measurements with behavioural assays to create a global model of the face connectome. We dissect key features, such as the network topology and fibre composition. We propose a neurocognitive model with three core streams; face processing along these streams occurs in a parallel and reciprocal manner. Although long-range fibre paths are important, the face network is dominated by short-range fibres. Finally, we provide evidence that the well-known right lateralization of face processing arises from imbalanced intra- and interhemispheric connections. In summary, the face network relies on dynamic communication across highly structured fibre tracts, enabling coherent face processing that underpins behaviour and cognition.
Size effect of Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida interaction mediated by electrons in nanoribbons
Creators: name: Mi, Shuo
name: Yuan, Shuo-Hong
name: Lyu, Pin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculated the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) interaction between the magnetic impurities mediated by electrons in nanoribbons. It was shown that the RKKY interaction is strongly dependent on the width of the nanoribbon and the transverse positions of the impurities. The transverse confinement of electrons is responsible for the above size effect of the RKKY interaction. It provides a potential way to control the RKKY interaction by changing nanostructure geometry.
Outflow densities and ionisation mechanisms in the NLRs of the prototypical Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151
Creators: name: Holden, Luke R.
name: Tadhunter, Clive N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Despite being thought to play an important role in galaxy evolution, the true impact of outflows driven by active galactic nuclei (AGN) on their host galaxies is unclear. In part, this may be because electron densities of outflowing gas are often underestimated: recent studies that use alternative diagnostics have measured much higher densities than those from commonly used techniques, and consequently find modest outflow masses and kinetic powers. Furthermore, outflow ionisation mechanisms - which are often used to probe acceleration mechanisms - are also uncertain. To address these issues, we have analysed archival HST/STIS spectra of the inner regions (r<160pc) of the nearby prototypical Seyfert galaxies NGC 1068 and NGC 4151, which show evidence of warm-ionised outflows driven by the central AGN. We derive high electron densities ($10^{3.6}$<$n_e$<$10^{4.8}$cm$^{-3}$) using the transauroral [OII] and [SII] emission lines ratios for the first time with spatially-resolved observations. Moreover, we find evidence that the gas along the radio axis in NGC 1068 has a significant AGN-photoionised matter-bounded component, and there is evidence for shock-ionisation and/or radiation-bounded AGN-photoionisation along the radio axis in NGC 4151. We also note that the outflow extents are similar to those of the radio structures, consistent with acceleration by jet-induced shocks. Taken together, our investigation demonstrates the diversity of physical and ionisation conditions in the narrow line regions of Seyfert galaxies, and hence reinforces the need for robust diagnostics of outflowing gas densities and ionisation mechanisms.
description: 21 pages, 13 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
A low-latency and energy-efficient neighbor discovery algorithm for wireless sensor networks
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: neighbor discovery
wireless sensor networks
communication collision
discovery latency
duty cycle

description: © 2020 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. Wireless sensor networks have been widely adopted, and neighbor discovery is an essential step to construct the networks. Most existing studies on neighbor discovery are designed on the assumption that either all nodes are fully connected or only two nodes compose the network. However, networks are partially connected in reality: some nodes are within radio range of each other, while others are not. Low latency and energy efficiency are two common goals, which become even more challenging to achieve at the same time in partially connected networks. We find that the collision caused by simultaneous transmissions is the main obstruction of achieving the two goals. In this paper, we present an efficient algorithm called Panacea to address these challenges by alleviating collisions. To begin with, we design Panacea-NCD (Panacea no collision detection) for nodes that do not have a collision detection mechanism. When n is large, we show the discovery latency is bounded by O(n · ln n) for any duty cycle (the percentage time to turn on the radio), where each node has n neighbors on average. For nodes that can detect collisions, we then present Panacea-WCD which also bounds the latency within O(n · ln n) slots. Finally, we conduct extensive evaluations and the results also corroborate our analyses.
MOBSTER -- VII. Using light curves to infer magnetic and rotational properties of stars with centrifugal magnetospheres
Creators: name: Berry, I. D.
name: Shultz, M. E.
name: Owocki, S. P.
name: ud-Doula, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Early-type B stars with strong magnetic fields and rapid rotation form centrifugal magnetospheres (CMs), as the relatively weak stellar wind becomes magnetically confined and centrifugally supported above the Kepler co-rotation radius. CM plasma is concentrated at and above the Kepler co-rotation radius at the intersection between the rotation and magnetic field axis. Stellar rotation can cause these clouds of material to intersect the viewer's line-of-sight, leading to photometric eclipses. However, for stars with strong ($\sim 10\,{\rm kG}$) magnetic fields and rapid rotation, CMs can become optically thick enough for emission to occur via electron scattering. Using high-precision space photometry from a sample of stars with strong H$α$ emission, we apply simulated light curves from the Rigidly Rotating Magnetosphere model to directly infer magnetic and rotational properties of these stars. By comparing the values inferred from photometric modelling to those independently determined by spectropolarimetry, we find that magnetic obliquity angle $β$, viewer inclination $i$ and critical rotation fraction $W$ can be approximately recovered for 3 of the 4 stars studied here. However, there are large discrepancies between the optical depth at the Kepler radius $τ_{\rm K}$ expected from magnetometry, and the values required to match the observations. We show that $τ_{\rm K}$ of order unity is needed to reasonably match the light curve morphology of our sample stars.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hydrophilic polymer embolism identified in brain tumor specimens following Wada testing: A report of 2 cases
Creators: name: Goodwill, Vanessa S.
name: Brandel, Michael G.
name: Steinberg, Jeffrey A.
name: Beaumont, Thomas L.
name: Hansen, Lawrence A.
Publisher: name: Free Neuropathology
Year: 2021

description: Hydrophilic polymers are commonly used as coatings on intravascular medical devices. As intravascular pro-cedures continue to increase in frequency, the risk of embolization of this material throughout the body has become evident. These emboli may be discovered incidentally but can result in serious complications includ-ing death. Here, we report the first two cases of hydrophilic polymer embolism (HPE) identified on brain tu-mor resection following Wada testing. One patient experienced multifocal vascular complications and diffuse cerebral edema, while the other had an uneventful postoperative course. Wada testing is frequently per-formed during preoperative planning prior to epilepsy surgery or the resection of tumors in eloquent brain regions. These cases demonstrate the need for increased recognition of this histologic finding to enable fur-ther correlation with clinical outcomes.
description: Free Neuropathology, Bd. 2 (2021)
Mapping Research Topics on Risk Management in Sharia and Conventional Financial Institutions: VOSviewer Bibliometric Study and Literature Review
Creators: name: Wahyuni, Sandiani Sri
name: Nabilah, Sakinah Ilfi
name: Budianto, Eka Wahyu Hestya
name: Dewi, Nindi Dwi Tetria
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: This study aims to This study aims to find out a map of research developments around Risk Management in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions with a bibliometric study of VOSviewer and a literature review study. The research was conducted over a period of 17 years from 2006 to 2022 by conducting a search through the Garuda website (Garba Referral Digital) said the key to Risk Management. And there were 231 research articles. The search result articles were then analyzed descriptively, inputted, analyzed with VOSviewer and literature review studies to find out visualizations mapping the development of research topics and subjects around Risk Management. The results showed that the number of publications around Risk Management increased significantly every year. Then, based on the results of mapping visualization using VOSviewer, research around Risk Management is divided into 9 clusters. Meanwhile, based on the review of the literature review, there are 4 main themes around Risk Management in Islamic and Conventional Financial Institutions.
A Simple 3-Parameter Model for Examining Adaptation in Speech and Voice Production
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: computational modeling
sensorimotor adaptation
motor control
speech production
voice
auditory feedback

description: © Copyright © 2020 Kearney, Nieto-Castañón, Weerathunge, Falsini, Daliri, Abur, Ballard, Chang, Chao, Heller Murray, Scott and Guenther. Sensorimotor adaptation experiments are commonly used to examine motor learning behavior and to uncover information about the underlying control mechanisms of many motor behaviors, including speech production. In the speech and voice domains, aspects of the acoustic signal are shifted/perturbed over time via auditory feedback manipulations. In response, speakers alter their production in the opposite direction of the shift so that their perceived production is closer to what they intended. This process relies on a combination of feedback and feedforward control mechanisms that are difficult to disentangle. The current study describes and tests a simple 3-parameter mathematical model that quantifies the relative contribution of feedback and feedforward control mechanisms to sensorimotor adaptation. The model is a simplified version of the DIVA model, an adaptive neural network model of speech motor control. The three fitting parameters of SimpleDIVA are associated with the three key subsystems involved in speech motor control, namely auditory feedback control, somatosensory feedback control, and feedforward control. The model is tested through computer simulations that identify optimal model fits to six existing sensorimotor adaptation datasets. We show its utility in (1) interpreting the results of adaptation experiments involving the first and second formant frequencies as well as fundamental frequency; (2) assessing the effects of masking noise in adaptation paradigms; (3) fitting more than one perturbation dimension simultaneously; (4) examining sensorimotor adaptation at different timepoints in the production signal; and (5) quantitatively predicting responses in one experiment using parameters derived from another experiment. The model simulations produce excellent fits to real data across different types of perturbations and experimental paradigms (mean correlation between data and model fits across all six studies = 0.95 ± 0.02). The model parameters provide a mechanistic explanation for the behavioral responses to the adaptation paradigm that are not readily available from the behavioral responses alone. Overall, SimpleDIVA offers new insights into speech and voice motor control and has the potential to inform future directions of speech rehabilitation research in disordered populations. Simulation software, including an easy-to-use graphical user interface, is publicly available to facilitate the use of the model in future studies.
Adaptive Markov state model estimation using short reseeding trajectories
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: q-bio.BM
cond-mat.stat-mech

description: © 2020 Author(s). In the last decade, advances in molecular dynamics (MD) and Markov State Model (MSM) methodologies have made possible accurate and efficient estimation of kinetic rates and reactive pathways for complex biomolecular dynamics occurring on slow time scales. A promising approach to enhanced sampling of MSMs is to use "adaptive" methods, in which new MD trajectories are "seeded" preferentially from previously identified states. Here, we investigate the performance of various MSM estimators applied to reseeding trajectory data, for both a simple 1D free energy landscape and mini-protein folding MSMs of WW domain and NTL9(1-39). Our results reveal the practical challenges of reseeding simulations and suggest a simple way to reweight seeding trajectory data to better estimate both thermodynamic and kinetic quantities.
Proceedings 8th International Conference Words 2011
Creators: name: Ambrož, Petr
name: Holub, Štěpán
name: Masáková, Zuzana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Formal Languages and Automata Theory (cs.FL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: WORDS is the main international event in Combinatorics on Words. It is a biannual conference devoted to research of words (i.e., finite or infinite sequences of symbols over a finite alphabet) from combinatorial, algebraic and algorithmic points of view. The emphasis of the conference is on mathematical theory of words but the conference is also open to applications, mainly in computer science, biology, linguistics and physics, gaining from the fact that words arise as a natural object in many areas. The eighth edition of the conference was organized in Prague from 12th to 16th September 2011 as a joint undertaking of the Czech Technical University and the Charles University. This volume consists of contributed papers accepted for presentation at the conference and summaries of invited lectures.
description: EPTCS 63, 2011
QPOML: A Machine Learning Approach to Detect and Characterize Quasi-Periodic Oscillations in X-ray Binaries
Creators: name: Kiker, Thaddaeus J.
name: Steiner, James F.
name: Garraffo, Cecilia
name: Mendez, Mariano
name: Zhang, Liang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomy is presently experiencing profound growth in the deployment of machine learning to explore large datasets. However, transient quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs) which appear in power density spectra of many X-ray binary system observations are an intriguing phenomena heretofore not explored with machine learning. In light of this, we propose and experiment with novel methodologies for predicting the presence and properties of QPOs to make the first ever detections and characterizations of QPOs with machine learning models. We base our findings on raw energy spectra and processed features derived from energy spectra using an abundance of data from the NICER and RXTE space telescope archives for two black hole low mass X-ray binary sources, GRS 1915+105 and MAXI J1535-571. We advance these non-traditional methods as a foundation for using machine learning to discover global inter-object generalizations between - and provide unique insights about - energy and timing phenomena to assist with the ongoing challenge of unambiguously understanding the nature and origin of QPOs. Additionally, we have developed a publicly available Python machine learning library, QPOML, to enable further Machine Learning aided investigations into QPOs.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, accepted by MNRAS
Risk and resiliency factors associated with injection drug use among at-risk youth in Vancouver, British Columbia
Creators: name: Chambers, Catharine Tamara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Background: Street-involved youth are a vulnerable population with respect to injection drug use (IDU) initiation; however, despite being considered an “at-risk” population, many street-involved youth do not use drugs intravenously. The objective of this thesis was to explore risk and resiliency factors associated with IDU among at-risk youth in Metro Vancouver, British Columbia and to determine if these factors differ by gender. Methods: Data were obtained from the Vancouver-subset of the Enhanced Surveillance of Canadian Street Youth Survey (E-SYS), which collected data from January to November 2006. Logistic regression was performed overall and by gender to identify factors associated with IDU among street-involved youth aged 15 to 25. Results of the E-SYS study were used to inform 16 in-depth, semi-structured interviews with service providers who work with at-risk youth populations in Metro Vancouver. Domain analysis was performed to identify risk and resiliency factors. Results: Among the 195 E-SYS participants, 55 (28.2%) youth reported injecting drugs more than once in their lifetimes. Youth who use injection drugs are entrenched within the street culture and engage in high-risk sexual activities. Males who use injection drugs reported more intense street involvement, while females who use injection drugs reported engaging in sex for trade. Six themes emerged from the service provider interviews: (i) interpersonal relationships for example with family members or peer groups; (ii) social influences such as the normalization and social acceptability of IDU; (iii) structural influences such as the lack of safe, affordable housing; (iv) family history factors including violence, abuse, and neglect as well as parental drug use; (v) individual-level factors such as the development of tolerance to non-injection drugs; and (vi) gender differences related to the youths’ social influences and vulnerabilities on the street. Conclusions: Youth who use injection drugs are more involved with the street culture and engage in sexual behaviours that may increase the risk for HIV, hepatitis C and other sexually-transmitted infections. The results of this study will inform evidence-based, youth-driven intervention strategies in the community. These findings suggest that intervention strategies should focus on the social structural influences around IDU in conjunction with individual-level risk factors.
Vital Voices: HIV Prevention and Care Interventions Developed for Disproportionately Affected Communities by Historically Underrepresented, Early-Career Scientists
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Black/African American
HIV
Hispanic/Latinx
Historically underrepresented scientists
Interventions

description: © 2020, W. Montague Cobb-NMA Health Institute. Abstract: Background: HIV prevention interventions which support engagement in care and increased awareness of biomedical options, including pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), are highly desired for disproportionately affected Black/African American, Hispanic/Latinx and gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (GBMSM) populations in the United States (US). However, in almost 40 years of HIV research, few interventions have been developed directly by and for these priority populations in domestic counties most at risk. We submit that interventions developed by early-career scientists who identify with and work directly with affected subgroups, and which include social and structural determinants of health, are vital as culturally tailored HIV prevention and care tools. Methods: We reviewed and summarized interventions developed from 2007 to 2020 by historically underrepresented early-career HIV prevention scientists in a federally funded research mentoring program. We mapped these interventions to determine which were in jurisdictions deemed as high priority (based on HIV burden) by national prevention strategies. Results: We summarized 11 HIV interventions; 10 (91%) of the 11 interventions are in geographic areas where HIV disparities are most concentrated and where new HIV prevention and care activities are focused. Each intervention addresses critical social and structural determinants of health disparities, and successfully reaches priority populations. Conclusion: Focused funding that supports historically underrepresented scientists and their HIV prevention and care intervention research can help facilitate reaching national goals to reduce HIV-related disparities and end the HIV epidemic. Maintaining these funding streams should remain a priority as one of the tools for national HIV prevention.
The Use of Near-Infrared Light-Emitting Fluorescent Nanodiamond Particles to Detect Ebola Virus Glycoprotein: Technology Development and Proof of Principle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: My University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Ebola virus
diagnostic lateral flow test
LFA
opto-electronic reader
OER
anti-EBOV antibodies
nitrocellulose membranes
fluidics technology

description: © 2020 Feuerstein et al. Background: There is a dire need for rapid diagnostic tests of high sensitivity, efficiency, and point-of-test reporting capability to mitigate lethal viral epidemic outbreaks. Purpose: To develop a new operating system within the lateral flow assay (LFA) format for Ebola virus (EBOV), based on fluorescent nanodiamond particles (FNDP) nitrogen vacancy (NV) emitting near-infrared (NIR) light. Specifically, we aimed to detail technical issues and the feasibility of mobilizing FNDP-NV on nitrocellulose membranes (NCM) and capturing them at test and control lines. Methods: FNDP-NV-200nm, 400nm or 800nm were linked to anti-EBOV glycoprotein (GP) monoclonal antibodies (mAb) and tested for LFA performance by monitoring NIR emissions using an in vivo imaging system or optoelectronic device (OED). Anti-EBOV recombinant glycoprotein (GP) humanized mAb c13C6 was linked to FNDP-NV-200nm for the mobile phase; and a second anti-GP mouse mAb, 6D8, was printed on NCM at the test line. Goat anti-human IgG (GAH-IgG) served as a nonspecific antibody for conjugated FNDP-NV-200nm at the control line. Results: FNDP-NV-200nm-c13C6 specifically and dose-dependently bound to recombinant EBOV GP in vitro and was effectively captured in a sandwich configuration at the test line by mAb 6D8. FNDP-NV-200nm-c13C6 was captured on the control line by GAH-IgG. The OED quantitative analysis of NIR (obtained in less than 1 minute) was further validated by an in vivo imaging system. Conclusion: FNDP-NV-200nm performance as a reporter for EBOV GP rapid diagnostic tests suggests an opportunity to replace contemporary visual tests for EBOV GP and other highly lethal viral pathogens. Mobile, battery-operated OED adds portability, quantitative data, rapid data collection, and point-of-test reporting capability. Further development of FNDP-NV-200nm within a LFA format is justified.
Supersymmetric lattice fermions on the triangular lattice: superfrustration and criticality
Creators: name: Huijse, L.
name: Mehta, D.
name: Moran, N.
name: Schoutens, K.
name: Vala, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a model for itinerant, strongly interacting fermions where a judicious tuning of the interactions leads to a supersymmetric Hamiltonian. On the triangular lattice this model is known to exhibit a property called superfrustration, which is characterized by an extensive ground state entropy. Using a combination of numerical and analytical methods we study various ladder geometries obtained by imposing doubly periodic boundary conditions on the triangular lattice. We compare our results to various bounds on the ground state degeneracy obtained in the literature. For all systems we find that the number of ground states grows exponentially with system size. For two of the models that we study we obtain the exact number of ground states by solving the cohomology problem. For one of these, we find that via a sequence of mappings the entire spectrum can be understood. It exhibits a gapped phase at 1/4 filling and a gapless phase at 1/6 filling and phase separation at intermediate fillings. The gapless phase separates into an exponential number of sectors, where the continuum limit of each sector is described by a superconformal field theory.
description: 50 pages, 12 figures, 2 appendices
Spectral Types of Red Supergiants in NGC 6822 and the Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte Galaxy
Creators: name: Levesque, Emily M.
name: Massey, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present moderate-resolution spectroscopic observations of red supergiants (RSGs) in the low-metallicity Local Group galaxies NGC 6822 (Z = 0.4Zsun) and Wolf-Lundmark-Melotte (WLM; Z = 0.1Zsun). By combining these observations with reduction techniques for multislit data reduction and flux calibration, we are able to analyze spectroscopic data of 16 RSGs in NGC 6822 and spectrophotometric data of 11 RSGs in WLM. Using these observations we determine spectral types for these massive stars, comparing them to Milky Way and Magellanic Clouds RSGs and thus extending observational evidence of the abundance-dependent shift of RSG spectral types to lower metallicities. In addition, we have uncovered two RSGs with unusually late spectral types (J000158.14-152332.2 in WLM, with a spectral type of M3 I, and J194453.46-144552.6 in NGC 6822, with a spectral type of M4.5 I) and a third RSG (J194449.96-144333.5 in NGC 6822) whose spectral type has varied from a M2.5 in 1997 to a K5 in 2008. All three of these stars could potentially be members of a recently-discovered class of extreme RSG variables.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures; accepted for publication in AJ
Carbon Abundance of Globular Cluster M22 (NGC 6656) and the Surface Carbon Depletion Rates of the Milky Way Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Lee, Jae-Woo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well known that metal-poor red giant branch (RGB) stars show variations in some elemental abundances, including carbon, due to the internal mixing accompanied by their own in situ CN cycle in the hydrogen burning shell. With our new photometric carbon abundance measurements of RGB stars in M22 and other globular clusters (GCs) in our previous studies, M5, M3, and M92, we derive the carbon depletion rates against the $V$ magnitude, $d\mathrm{[C/Fe]}/M_V$, for individual populations in each GC. We find the metallicity dependence of the carbon depletion rates, $d\mathrm{[C/Fe]}/M_V$ $\propto$ $-$0.25[Fe/H]. Our results also suggest that the carbon depletion rates of the second generation (SG) of stars are larger than those of the first generation (FG) of stars in our sample GCs, most likely due to different internal temperature profiles with different initial helium abundances between the FG and SG. Our results can provide critical constraints both on understanding the mixing efficiency in the theoretical models, which is largely unknown, and on interpretation of the observational carbon abundance evolution of the bright halo RGB stars.
description: Accepted for publication to the Astrophysical Journal Letters. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2305.02983
A Fully-Identified Sample of AEGIS20 Microjansky Radio Sources
Creators: name: Willner, S. P.
name: Ashby, M. L. N.
name: Barmby, P.
name: Chapman, S. C.
name: Coil, A.
name: Cooper, M.
name: Huang, J. -S.
name: Ivison, R.
name: Koo, D. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Infrared 3.6 to 8 micron images of the Extended Groth Strip yield plausible counterpart identifications for all but one of 510 radio sources in the AEGIS20 S(1.4 GHz) > 50 micro-Jy sample. This is the first such deep sample that has been effectively 100% identified. Achieving the same identification rate at R-band would require observations reaching R_AB > 27. Spectroscopic redshifts are available for 46% of the sample and photometric redshifts for an additional 47%. Almost all of the sources with 3.6 micron AB magnitudes brighter than 19 have spectroscopic redshifts z < 1.1, while fainter objects predominantly have photometric redshifts with 1 \lapprox z \lapprox 3. Unlike more powerful radio sources that are hosted by galaxies having large stellar masses within a relatively narrow range, the AEGIS20 counterparts have stellar masses spanning more than a factor of 10 at z \sim 1. The sources are roughly 10--15% starbursts at z \lapprox 0.5 and 20--25% AGNs mostly at z > 1 with the remainder of uncertain nature.
description: Accepted by ApJ
A Circumbinary Planet in Orbit Around the Short-Period White-Dwarf Eclipsing Binary RR Cae
Creators: name: Qian, S. -B.
name: Liu, L.
name: Zhu, L. -Y.
name: Dai, Z. -B.
name: Lajus, E. Fernandez
name: Baume, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: By using six new determined mid-eclipse times together with those collected from the literature, we found that the Observed-Calculated (O-C) curve of RR Cae shows a cyclic change with a period of 11.9 years and an amplitude of 14.3s, while it undergoes an upward parabolic variation (revealing a long-term period increase at a rate of dP/dt =+4.18(+-0.20)x10^(-12). The cyclic change was analyzed for the light-travel time effect that arises from the gravitational influence of a third companion. The mass of the third body was determined to be M_3*sin i' = 4.2(+-0.4) M_{Jup} suggesting that it is a circumbinary giant planet when its orbital inclination is larger than 17.6 degree. The orbital separation of the circumbinary planet from the central eclipsing binary is about 5.3(+-0.6)AU. The period increase is opposite to the changes caused by angular momentum loss via magnetic braking or/and gravitational radiation, nor can it be explained by the mass transfer between both components because of its detached configuration. These indicate that the observed upward parabolic change is only a part of a long-period (longer than 26.3 years) cyclic variation, which may reveal the presence of another giant circumbinary planet in a wide orbit.
description: It will be published in the MNRAS