cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Sudden Future Singularity models as an alternative to Dark Energy?
Creators: name: Ghodsi, Hoda
name: Hendry, Martin A.
name: Dabrowski, Mariusz P.
name: Denkiewicz, Tomasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Current observational evidence does not yet exclude the possibility that dark energy could be in the form of phantom energy. A universe consisting of a phantom constituent will be driven toward a drastic end known as the `Big Rip' singularity where all the matter in the universe will be destroyed. Motivated by this possibility, other evolutionary scenarios have been explored by Barrow, including the phenomena which he called Sudden Future Singularities (SFS). In such a model it is possible to have a blow up of the pressure occurring at sometime in the future evolution of the universe while the energy density would remain unaffected. The particular evolution of the scale factor of the universe in this model that results in a singular behaviour of the pressure also admits acceleration in the current era. In this paper we will present the results of our confrontation of one example class of SFS models with the available cosmological data from high redshift supernovae, baryon acoustic oscillations (BAO) and the cosmic microwave background (CMB). We then discuss the viability of the model in question as an alternative to dark energy.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials. 3rd Edition
Creators: name: FADGI Still Image Working Group
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: digital preservation

description: Guidelines: Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials
 Still Image Working Group The Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials: Third Edition were developed by the Still Image Working Group in 2022-2023. This document is an update of the 2016 Technical Guidelines for Digitizing Cultural Heritage Materials: Creation of Raster Image Master Files. The latest revision of the guidelines expands on earlier works and incorporates new material reflecting the advances in imaging science and cultural heritage imaging best practice. The Guidelines include shared best practices for still image materials (e.g., textual content, maps, and photographic prints and negatives) followed by agencies participating in the Federal Agencies Digital Guidelines Initiative (FADGI).These guidelines are intended to be used in conjunction with digital image conformance evaluation targets and software. Together, these guidelines and appropriate testing and monitoring systems provide the foundation for a FADGI-conforming digitization program. Please see the Still Image Guidelines Resources page linked below for additional documentation and software resources. The guidelines were first published at https://www.digitizationguidelines.gov/guidelines/digitize-technical.html
 Please see that website for further information on the FADGI Still Image Working Group and additional information supporting the guideline.
title: Aquatic biomonitors and biomarkers reveal temperature and environmental changes during the Thirty Years' War: A case study from Bad Waldsee, Germany
Creators: name: Echeverría-Galindo, Paula
name: Bauersachs, Thorsten
name: Krahn, Kim
name: Schwalb, Antje
name: Hinderer, Matthias
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Thirty Years' War (1618-1648) had significant consequences for both human populations and natural ecosystems in Europe. To gain a better understanding of its impact on the local aquatic environment, we analyzed a sediment core from Stadtsee, a lake located in the city of Bad Waldsee, Upper Swabia, using a variety of aquatic biotic and abiotic proxies, including bioindicators, biomarkers, and sedimentological data. Through this multi-proxy approach, we infer changes in aquatic communities and their environment during this tumultuous period. Our findings indicate that this war had a marked impact on the lake ecosystem, as evidenced by changes in diatom assemblages, with declining diatom concentrations and progressively decreasing contributions of hypereutrophic species. These changes suggest a lowering in nutrient supply, possibly due to a reduced load of human and animal waste. This is supported by decreasing productivity (low Si/Ti) and declining δ13Corg values. It appears that the war led to a lake recovery and an improvement in water quality, as suggested by the presence of three bryozoans Plumatella species and the absence of Cristatella mucedo, indicating reduced nutrient levels and a well-oxygenated environment, in agreement with high Mn/Fe ratios. Additionally, the presence of chironomids, such as Corynoneura arctica-type and C. intersectus-type, point to a concomitant decline in temperature. This is consistent with preliminary results obtained by the lipid paleothermometer HDI26. Our study thus highlights the valuable insights provided by bioindicators, biomarkers and sediment geochemistry in a concerted approach about water quality and the health of the Stadtsee ecosystem during the Thirty Years' War.
Roots of Ehrhart Polynomials of Smooth Fano Polytopes
Creators: name: Hegedüs, Gábor
name: Kasprzyk, Alexander M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 52B20 (Primary), 52C07, 11H06 (Secondary)

description: V. Golyshev conjectured that for any smooth polytope P of dimension at most five, the roots $z\in\C$ of the Ehrhart polynomial for P have real part equal to -1/2. An elementary proof is given, and in each dimension the roots are described explicitly. We also present examples which demonstrate that this result cannot be extended to dimension six.
description: 10 pages
title: Methane emission and microbial oxidation at buried abandoned wells in Northern Germany
Creators: name: Jordan, Sebastian F. A.
name: Schlömer, Stefan
name: Krüger, Martin
name: Blumenberg, Martin
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
As we are risking to exceed the 1.5-degree target in the next decade, effective measures to cut back greenhouse gas emission are necessary. Methane became the focus of attention as the target to mitigate global warming, since the mean atmospheric lifetime of this strong greenhouse gas is at least an order of magnitude shorter than carbon dioxide. Here we will focus on the oil and gas sector, which represents the second largest anthropogenic methane source after agriculture. Abandoned oil and gas wells are seen as important targets, since they can (in some cases) emit up to several tons of methane per day. However, only about a dozen countries have measured data on methane emissions and even less include it in their yearly greenhouse gas inventory. Germany has about 20,000 abandoned wells, which are generally filled and buried, however, it is unclear, whether they are emitting methane or not.

Here, we present an overview of methane emission and microbial methane turnover at about 50 onshore oil and gas wells in Northern Germany covering both abandoned exploration and production wells. Using isotopic methane composition we were able to link the methane emissions at three well sites in an active peat-cutting area to methanogenesis. Furthermore, elevated potential methane oxidation rates suggest that the majority of the microbially formed methane was oxidized before reaching the atmosphere. Our data demonstrates the necessity for detailed knowledge on methane cycling and background emissions to assess abandoned wells, particularly in areas where natural methanogenesis is present.
title: Analogue studies for potential geothermal reservoirs in the Ruhr district, Germany: What can we expect?
Creators: name: Jagert, Felix
name: Immenhauser, Adrian
name: Wohnlich, Stefan
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Deep geothermal power plants are baseload-capable and can serve as substitutes for fossil fuel power plants. In the Ruhr region of Germany, a densely populated area with high energy demand, potential deep geothermal reservoirs have been limited to a few sedimentary layers, specifically Carboniferous and Devonian strata. These reservoirs have not been explored with hydraulic field studies for geothermal purposes so far. Deep boreholes for geothermal research are non-existent, so shallow boreholes provide an analogue for evaluating the potential of deep reservoirs.

For this study, a naturally-fractured Carboniferous sandstone and a karstic dolomitic limestone reservoir of the Devonian were investigated using geophysical borehole measurements, hydraulic and hydrochemical experiments, and acoustic/optical televiewer recordings.

The sandstone formation (investigated depth: 20 – 305 m) showed a low hydraulic conductivity, and it is probably necessary to drill into fault zones or to enhance the permeability via stimulation in future geothermal projects. Chemical enhancement of permeability was attempted using CO2 to dissolve carbonate fillings in fractures, but further research is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of this method.

The dolomitic limestone formation (investigated depth: 10 – 224 m) exhibits exceptional permeability due to enlarged fractures, cavities and vuggy porosity resulting from karstic processes, making it a promising reservoir overall. However, further confirmation is required at reservoir depths (e.g. 2500 – 4000 m).

In summary, deeper geothermal reservoirs in the Ruhr region have not been explored enough so far, and further field studies are necessary to evaluate their potential for geothermal energy production.
Artifact: Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory
Creators: name: Lahav, Ori
name: Dongol, Brijesh
name: Wehrheim, Heike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Coq files for the paper "Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory". The submission includes - A virtual machine with the Coq and the proofs pre-installed. - The Coq project for those that already have Coq installed.
title: Rapid downdip textural and compositional maturation of Moodies Group siliciclastics, Barberton Greenstone Belt, South Africa and Eswatini
Creators: name: Janse van Rensburg, Deon Johannes
name: Reimann, Sebastian
name: Heubeck, Christoph
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Paleoarchean Moodies Group (ca. 3.22 Ga) of the Barberton Greenstone Belt (BGB) is the oldest known well-preserved, shallow-water siliciclastic sequence on Earth. Proximal-to-distal textural and petrographic examination of selected units across adjacent terrestrial, coastal, and shallow-marine depositional facies of this strongly deformed unit provides the opportunity to constrain Archean weathering conditions by source-to-sink analysis, complementing previous bulk analyses. We examined conglomerate, sandstone, and shale composition by detailed geologic mapping and facies analysis along progressive downdip sediment routing systems, after excluding regions of syndepositional hydrothermal alteration. The majority of quartz and feldspar grains in the central BGB was sourced from intermediate to felsic intrusives and (sub-)volcanics of the Hooggenoeg Formation of the Onverwacht Anticline (OA). Downdip textural and mineralogical maturation from immature, F-, L- and matrix-rich, coarse-grained debris-flow-style units to texturally and compositionally supermature fine-grained sandstone occurs within a few km; facies belts fringe the OA. Chemical weathering and mechanical disaggregation of latite-dominated clast populations in proximal facies accompanied decomposition of F to clay (now partially preserved as sericite grains) and of intermediate volcanic grains to quartz-sericite-mosaic grains within a few km from their source. Energetic reworking in wide coastal-facies belts winnowed the abundant clay from the sediment and generated supermature sand, possibly aided by high tides. We deduce that Moodies Group sediment generation appears to have occurred in an aggressive weathering environment; in the coastal zone, only sediment which was silicified surficially and pre-compaction escaped transformation to a sedimentary “restite”.
Oscillations in the bispectrum
Creators: name: Meerburg, P. Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There exist several models of inflation that produce primordial bispectra that contain a large number of oscillations. In this paper we discuss these models, and aim at finding a method of detecting such bispectra in the data. We explain how the recently proposed method of mode expansion of bispectra might be able to reconstruct these spectra from separable basis functions. Extracting these basis functions from the data might then lead to observational constraints on these models.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, submitted to JOP: Conference Series, PASCOS 2010
Integrações entre a rede de repositórios RCAAP e o sistema nacional de curricula (Ciência Vitae)
Creators: name: Moreira, João Mendes
name: Laranjeira, Cátia
name: Lopes, Paulo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Apresentação realizada na sessão DEMOS da 12ª Conferência Luso-Brasileira de Ciência Aberta, formato híbrido, de 13 a 15 de outubro de 2021.
title: Mining rock salt – using a 3D model with respect to economic requirements
Creators: name: Engler, Anne
name: Kießling, Thomas
name: Richter, Marie-Luise
name: Baum, Anne
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Intending to improve mining and exploration processes within a rock salt producing mine all available geological information were collected, evaluated and prepared to create a 3D subsurface model. Besides geological information the drifts were visualized in 3D, too. Amongst other data borehole information from above and subsurface were considered to create a block model showing the grade distribution within the deposit and the geological mining boundaries. One challenging aspect was to harmonize the borehole database that grew over several decades. The block sizes of the model were created due to the customers’ needs with respect to dimensioning issues.

Based on the results of the geological model drift planning and excavation processes can be optimized. With respect to the geological exploration program the targets can be outlined in a more distinct way using the 3D model. By precising mine design and exploration targets workflows for short and long term mine planning can be improved. Beyond that reserves and resources of the deposit can be described more precisely. By updating the model on a regular basis thickness, depth and distribution maps as well as profiles can be requested easily from the model considering all available information.

As the geological model was created with the help of SKUA-GOCAD (AspenTech®) and AutoCAD® data exchange can be realized using for example CAD-based formats as well as column-based files. Furthermore, the geological model can be implemented into a mine planning software to improve daily routine at the mine site.
Artifact: Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory
Creators: name: Lahav, Ori
name: Dongol, Brijesh
name: Wehrheim, Heike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Coq files for the paper "Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory". The submission includes - A virtual machine with the Coq and the proofs pre-installed. The virtual machine has been tested with VirtualBox 7.0. - The Coq project for those who already have Coq installed. The project requires Coq 8.17.0.
title: Quantitative analysis of normal fault network evolution
Creators: name: Brune, Sascha
name: Wrona, Thilo
name: Gayrin, Pauline
name: Neuharth, Derek
name: Glerum, Anne
name: Naliboff, John
name: Heckenbach, Esther
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Understanding how normal fault networks initiate and evolve is important for quantifying plate boundary deformation, assessing seismic hazard and finding natural resources. State-of-the-art numerical forward models treat faults as finite-width shear zones, not as discrete entities. To better understand fault system dynamics over geological scales, we develop workflows to isolate individual faults and their role in shaping the fault network.

We present 3D numerical rift models of moderately oblique extension using the ASPECT software. These models reproduce the thermo-mechanical behavior of Earth's lithosphere and simulate fault system dynamics from inception to breakup accounting for visco-plastic rheology, strain softening and surface processes. We extract surficial fault systems as a hierarchical, time-dependent 2D network of nodes, edges and components representing individual faults.

We find that the initial fault network forms through rapid fault growth and linkage, followed by competition between neighboring faults that leads to their coalescence into a stable network. At this point, modelled normal faults continue to accumulate displacement but do not grow any longer. As deformation localizes towards the center of the rift, the initial border faults shrink and disintegrate, being replaced by new faults in the center of the rift. The longevity of faulting is thereby controlled by crustal rheology and surface process efficiency. Quantitative analysis of fault evolution allows us to deduce fault growth and linkage as well as fault tip retreat and disintegration in unprecedented detail.
Artifact: Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory
Creators: name: Lahav, Ori
name: Dongol, Brijesh
name: Wehrheim, Heike
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Coq files for the paper "Rely-Guarantee Reasoning for Causally Consistent Shared Memory". The submission includes - A virtual machine with the Coq and the proofs pre-installed. - The Coq project for those who already have Coq installed. The project requires Coq 8.17.0.
Improved Predictions of Reactor Antineutrino Spectra
Creators: name: Mueller, Th. A.
name: Lhuillier, D.
name: Fallot, M.
name: Letourneau, A.
name: Cormon, S.
name: Fechner, M.
name: Giot, L.
name: Lasserre, T.
name: Martino, J.
name: Mention, G.
name: Porta, A.
name: Yermia, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report new calculations of reactor antineutrino spectra including the latest information from nuclear databases and a detailed error budget. The first part of this work is the so-called ab initio approach where the total antineutrino spectrum is built from the sum of all beta-branches of all fission products predicted by an evolution code. Systematic effects and missing information in nuclear databases lead to final relative uncertainties in the 10 to 20% range. A prediction of the antineutrino spectrum associated with the fission of 238U is given based on this ab initio method. For the dominant isotopes 235U and 239Pu, we developed a more accurate approach combining information from nuclear databases and reference electron spectra associated with the fission of 235U, 239Pu and 241Pu, measured at ILL in the 80's. We show how the anchor point of the measured total beta-spectra can be used to suppress the uncertainty in nuclear databases while taking advantage of all the information they contain. We provide new reference antineutrino spectra for 235U, 239Pu and 241Pu isotopes in the 2-8 MeV range. While the shapes of the spectra and their uncertainties are comparable to that of the previous analysis of the ILL data, the normalization is shifted by about +3% on average. In the perspective of the re-analysis of past experiments and direct use of these results by upcoming oscillation experiments, we discuss the various sources of errors and their correlations as well as the corrections induced by off equilibrium effects.
description: 17 pages, 12 figures. Submitted to Phys. Rev. C
Die Übersetzung eines „kanonischen Textes“ –  Der hermeneutische Rahmen für die Vulgata Tusculum Deutsch
Creators: name: Krispenz, Jutta
Publisher: name: Vulgata in Dialogue. A Biblical On-Line Review
Year: 2019

description: Der Text ist eine Zusammenfassung eines Vortrages in Chur im Rahmen des Festaktes zum Erscheinen der „Vulgata Tusculum Deutsch“ am 23.10.2018. Er wirft erste Schlaglichter auf die umfassende Thematik der Hermeneutik in der Bibelübersetzung, thematisiert die Relevanz der Kanonformel und positioniert die Vulgata des Hieronymus wie auch die Septuaginta an Wendepunkten der Geschichte.
description: Vulgata in Dialogue. A Biblical On-Line Review, 2019: Sondernummer
Additional file 4 of Mucinous, endometrioid, and serous ovarian cancers with peritoneal dissemination are potent candidates for P-cadherin targeted therapy: a retrospective cohort study
Creators: name: Kayahashi, Kayo
name: Mizumoto, Yasunari
name: Matsuoka, Ayumi
name: Obata, Takeshi
name: Iwadare, Junpei
name: Nakamura, Mitsuhiro
name: Daikoku, Takiko
name: Fujiwara, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 4 Table S1. Pathological data and P-cadherin score of eight patients with recurrent lesions.
Physics-based and probabilistic modeling of near-neutral pH stress corrosion cracking in buried pipelines
Creators: name: Martínez, Edel R.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2023

description: This thesis aims at understanding the lifetime of stress corrosion cracks of underground pipelines in contact with solutions of near-neutral pH. While hydrogen-induced cracking of disbonded coated pipelines has been recognized as the driving corrosion mechanism for more than three decades, its impact on the lifetime of cracks has yet to be found. To address this, multiphysics and stochastic finite element models were developed to predict the behavior of stress corrosion cracking under multiple conditions. A first physics-based model was formulated within the framework of the phase field paradigm. It couples the effects of hydrogen embrittlement in the crack initiation and early growth of the colonies. The effects of mechanical stress and colony morphology on redistribution and equilibrium of hydrogen concentration in three dimensions were studied. A second physics-based model predicted the role of hydrogen embrittlement and hydrogen-assisted anodic dissolution on the stable crack growth range. This investigation used a material model that simulates the effects of hydrogen-enhanced localized plasticity. The proposed approach was validated against published laboratory measurements in a full-scale pipe test, where the two distinct crack propagation models were used and compared. Corrosion fatigue lifetimes were better predicted exclusively using the hydrogen embrittlement mechanism. Further, the combined effects of corrosion localization and cracks have been modeled under various electro-chemo-mechanical conditions through sensitivity analysis. The robust combination of physics-based and uncertainty shed light on the lifetime of near-neutral pH stress corrosion crack growth. Physics and statistical modeling results showed tremendous potential to replace expensive and time-consuming experimental programs with simulations.
Leggett-Garg inequalities and the geometry of the cut polytope
Creators: name: Avis, David
name: Hayden, Patrick
name: Wilde, Mark M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bell and Leggett-Garg tests offer operational ways to demonstrate that non-classical behavior manifests itself in quantum systems, and experimentalists have implemented these protocols to show that classical worldviews such as local realism and macrorealism are false, respectively. Previous theoretical research has exposed important connections between more general Bell inequalities and polyhedral combinatorics. We show here that general Leggett-Garg inequalities are closely related to the cut polytope of the complete graph, a geometric object well-studied in combinatorics. Building on that connection, we offer a family of Leggett-Garg inequalities that are not trivial combinations of the most basic Leggett-Garg inequalities. We then show that violations of macrorealism can occur in surprising ways, by giving an example of a quantum system that violates the new "pentagon" Leggett-Garg inequality but does not violate any of the basic "triangle" Leggett-Garg inequalities.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure
Nutrient losses from global dairy production systems differ
Creators: name: Nature Food
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 410404
subject: Environmental management

description: The demand for dairy produce is growing alongside concerns about the impact of intensive dairying on water quality owing to nutrient loss. We found that nitrogen losses were greatest from all-grazed systems, but could be lowered by incorporating some housing. Research briefing prepared by Nature Food
title: Microbial diversity and metabolic potential in siliciclastic ATES horizons
Creators: name: Mitzscherling, Julia
name: Virchow, Lioba
name: Gitter, Martin
name: Alibrandi, Armando
name: Regenspurg, Simona
name: Kallmeyer, Jens
name: Wagner, Dirk
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Microbial processes such as biofilm formation (clogging) and mineral precipitation (scaling) can affect the effectiveness of ATES systems. They can reduce the permeability of potential reservoirs and compromise the efficiency of ATES facilities on the long term. In addition, microbial processes can influence dynamics of toxic trace elements in the subsurface e.g. by releasing arsenic through iron mineral dissolution. Hence, it is crucial to identify microbial key players and metabolic processes to estimate the microbial impact on ATES and the clogging potential.

Here, we analyze the microbial abundance, community composition and their functional potential in relation to the thermo-hydrogeochemical conditions of bulk sediment and formation water of a Mesozoic sandstone aquifer of the North German Basin. The study focusses on the application of DNA-based approaches such as qPCR, high throughput sequencing and metagenomics. Bulk sediments and fluids were obtained from Jurassic sandstone in Berlin, Adlershof from a depth of 200-450 m.

The aquifer is characterized by an in-situ temperature of 17-22°C, Na and Cl dominated fluids (TDS ~20 g L-1) and DOC including acetate (~3.5 mg L-1), propionate and valerate. First results show that the fluid microbial community is adapted to saline and alkaline conditions. The community is highly dominated by the two taxa Alkaliflexus and Defluviitaleaceae UCG-011, but also contains sulfate reducing bacteria.

Results of this study together with a flow-through experiment analyzing geochemical, hydrochemical, mineralogical and microbiological processes under different conditions typical for ATES, will help to develop prediction tools for potential system operational failures and appropriate countermeasures.
title: Quaternary fault reactivation in Antarctica associated with Glacial Isostatic Adjustment
Creators: name: Malucelli Barbosa, Ingra
name: Steffen, Holger
name: Steffen, Rebekka
name: Seidel, Elisabeth
name: Gohl, Karsten
name: Hübscher, Christian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Available research on glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) in Antarctica is sparse, and there are few records of how the stress field is affected by it compared to Arctic and northern regions. Circum-Antarctic coastal and offshore tectonics reveal the presence of faults and rift systems, particularly in West Antarctica, the Weddell Sea, and Prydz Bay. These areas are characterized by a series of complex faults that displace upper sedimentary sequences to depths of 2.5 km. In this study, we investigate the potential for reactivation of glacially induced faults (GIFs) by altered lithospheric stress conditions during ice advances and retreats in past glacial periods. We compiled available information on the dip and strike directions of Antarctic rift systems from the literature and databases. Using finite element simulations that incorporate fault geometries, various rheological and current stress parameters in solid and ice sheet models, it is possible to analyse the probability of fault reactivation due to GIA for the last 200 ka. Because West Antarctica has been subject to greater changes in its ice sheet in recent recorded years compared to East Antarctica, identifying potential sources of GIFs could help us better understand how seismotectonics in Antarctica have been affected by past glacial phases and what the implications of current global climate trends might be.
Stellar Population Variations in the Milky Way's Stellar Halo
Creators: name: Bell, Eric F.
name: Xue, Xiang Xiang
name: Rix, Hans-Walter
name: Ruhland, Christine
name: Hogg, David W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the stellar halos of disk galaxies are built up from the disruption of dwarf galaxies, models predict highly structured variations in the stellar populations within these halos. We test this prediction by studying the ratio of blue horizontal branch stars (BHB stars; more abundant in old, metal-poor populations) to main-sequence turn-off stars (MSTO stars; a feature of all populations) in the stellar halo of the Milky Way using data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We develop and apply an improved technique to select BHB stars using ugr color information alone, yielding a sample of ~9000 g<18 candidates where ~70% of them are BHB stars. We map the BHB/MSTO ratio across ~1/4 of the sky at the distance resolution permitted by the absolute magnitude distribution of MSTO stars. We find large variations of BHB/MSTO star ratio in the stellar halo. Previously identified, stream-like halo structures have distinctive BHB/MSTO ratios, indicating different ages/metallicities. Some halo features, e.g., the low-latitude structure, appear to be almost completely devoid of BHB stars, whereas other structures appear to be rich in BHB stars. The Sagittarius tidal stream shows an apparent variation in BHB/MSTO ratio along its extent, which we interpret in terms of population gradients within the progenitor dwarf galaxy. Our detection of coherent stellar population variations between different stellar halo substructures provides yet more support to cosmologically motivated models for stellar halo growth.
description: Astronomical Journal, in press. 10 pages, 5 color figures. Much better printed in color
Brotherhood for Life?: Determining Effective Commitment Mechanisms that Predict Alumni Involvement in Fraternities
Creators: name: Stillma, Ari
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: commitment mechanisms
subject: alumni
subject: loyalty
subject: retention
subject: attrition
subject: fraternity

description: Scholars researching alumni engagement have principally focused on characteristic differences between donors and non-donors, as well as factors that may impact the decision to donate to an institution. However, giving is not the only form of alumni engagement, though hardly any scholarship explores this other side of the coin. In this study, I ask what aspects of respondents’ undergraduate fraternity experiences can be linked to staying involved with their fraternity as alumni. Using original quantitative and qualitative data from a web-survey of 129 alumni representing 12 different fraternities from the University of Pennsylvania, I test various commitment mechanisms employed by fraternities to see how effectively they predict monetary, non-monetary, and composite alumni involvement with the respective fraternities. I find that about one-third of respondents self-identify as being involved with their fraternity though only a quarter claim to have contributed financially, leaving a sizable margin that solely participates non-monetarily. I further find that the degree of undergraduate involvement with the fraternity, proportion of fraternity members in respondents’ core network, and inculcation of values-based expectations of membership were all positively associated with alumni involvement. Results suggest that fraternities and similar institutions can increase the likelihood that their members stay involved by affording members opportunities that draw upon the positively associated commitment mechanisms.
Quantum Effects of Strain Influence on the Doping Energy in Semiconductors
Creators: name: Wang, Z. T.
name: Chen, Shiyou
name: Duan, X. M.
name: Sun, D. Y.
name: Gong, X. G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Applying external strain is an efficient way to manipulate the site preference of dopants in semiconductors, however, the validity of the previous continuum elastic model for the strain influence on the doping forma- tion energy is still under debate. In this paper, by combining quantum mechanical theoretical analysis and first-principles calculations, we show that if the occupation change of different orbitals caused by the strain is negligible, the continuum elastic model is valid, otherwise it will fail. Our theory is confirmed by first-principles calculation of Mn-doped GaAs system. Moreover, we show that under compressive strain the hole density, thus the Curie temperature TC can increase in Mn-doped spintronic materials.
description: 4 pages + 2 figures
Additional file 1 of Ultraprotective ventilation allowed by extracorporeal CO2 removal improves the right ventricular function in acute respiratory distress syndrome patients: a quasi-experimental pilot study
Creators: name: Goursaud, Suzanne
name: Valette, Xavier
name: Dupeyrat, Julien
name: Daubin, Cédric
name: Cheyron, Damien Du
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Operational characteristics of extracorporeal CO2 removal during the study period for the 18 patients. Table S2. Adverse events and outcomes of the 18 patients receiving ECCO2R. Figure S1. Individual changes in TAPSE between baseline and 1-hour after reduction of VT at 4 mL/kg PBW with ECCO2R. Tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) increased from 22.9 mm (19.2–24.3) to 25.4 mm (21.4–27.9) (p=0.02). Figure S2. Time course of TAPSE in two groups of patients with PaCO2 50 mmHg (n = 7) at baseline (ANCOVA, p = 0.04).
title: Natural hydrogen: What we know about its genesis and its geological occurrences
Creators: name: Hasch, Maximilian
name: Klitzke, Peter
name: Franke, Dieter
name: Bahr, Andreas
name: Lutz, Rüdiger
name: Weniger, Philipp
name: Ostertag-Henning, Christian
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Recently, interest in hydrogen as an emission free fuel has increased. So far, hydrogen is produced by steam methane reforming (SMR), water electrolysis or methane pyrolysis. These processes are energy consuming and SMR emits carbon dioxide. Naturally occurring hydrogen might represent an alternative to technologically produced hydrogen. It is therefore worthwhile to explore whether economically viable amounts of hydrogen are present in the earth.

Whereas a wealth of hydrogen on earth is considered to be trapped in the earth’s core and lower mantle and mostly inaccessible to humans, natural hydrogen also occurs in the crust and upper mantle where it is formed from biogenic and abiogenic sources. Important processes for the generation of natural hydrogen include: water-rock interactions involving ferrous iron, e.g. serpentinization, equilibrium reactions associated with volcanic activity and hydrothermal vents, water radiolysis, mechanochemical reactions in cataclastic rocks associated with fault zones and thermal decomposition of organic matter to form graphite at high temperatures in deep sedimentary basins or crystalline basement.

The presence of hydrogen-rich gas was documented at Mid-Ocean-Ridges, ophiolites, sedimentary basins, and Precambrian cratons. A multitude of studies on natural hydrogen exists, but the relationship between generation, fluid migration and potential occurrence of economic accumulations of natural hydrogen is still a matter of debate.

We present an overview of the current published knowledge on natural hydrogen showing selected study locations of previous works and the amount of naturally occurring hydrogen inferred at each site. The methods used to estimate the amount of occurring hydrogen are reviewed.
Trace Anomaly and Quasi-Particles in Finite Temperature SU(N) Gauge Theory
Creators: name: Castorina, Paolo
name: Miller, David E.
name: Satz, Helmut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider deconfined matter in SU(N) gauge theory as an ideal gas of transversely polarized quasi-particle modes having a temperature-dependent mass m(T). Just above the transition temperature, the mass is assumed to be determined by the critical behavior of the energy density and the screening length in the medium. At high temperature, it becomes proportional to T as the only remaining scale. The resulting (trace anomaly based) interaction measure Delta=(e - 3P)/T^4 and energy density are found to agree well with finite temperature SU(3) lattice calculations.
description: 13 pages, 13 figures; references added for version 2
title: New insights into global carbon cycle disturbances: a shallow marine record of the Middle Oxfordian Excursion (MOxE) in the Lower Saxony Basin
Creators: name: Krencker, François-Nicolas
name: Zhang, Deyan
name: Huck, Stefan
name: Ulke, Philipp
name: Schramm, Michael
name: Heimhofer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
The Oxfordian period is characterized by a long-term (ca. 6 Myrs) trend of increasing stable carbon isotope values, punctuated by three short-lived (ca. <1 Myrs) carbon isotope excursions (CIEs) at the Callovian/Oxfordian boundary, in the lower Oxfordian (Quenstedtoceras mariae ammonite zone), and in the middle Oxfordian (Gregoryceras transversarium ammonite zone), also known as the MOxE. This pattern is evident worldwide in both organic and inorganic carbon (δ13Corg and δ13Ccarb) in terrestrial and shallow marine environments, indicating recurrent global carbon cycle disturbances affecting the entire ocean-atmosphere system. However, previous sedimentological and chemostratigraphic studies on Oxfordian strata in the Lower Saxony Basin (LSB) of northern Germany, have failed to identify the three CIEs cited above, hindering their correlation with the global carbon isotope record. In this study, we provide, for the first time, a high-resolution δ13Ccarb record revealing the MOxE expressed in a positive CIE of 3.8‰. We collected data from drilling core samples of the Korallenoolith Formation in the Konrad 101 borehole, located in the southwestern part of the LSB. This exploration drilling is biostratigraphically well constrained, unlike many other sections in the LSB that are characteristic of shallow tropical marine depositional settings. This particularity enables us to compare the Konrad 101 δ13Ccarb pattern with other localities distributed worldwide incl. Europe, western Asia, and the Gulf of Mexico. Our high-resolution δ13Ccarb reflects a major synchronous change in the exogenic carbon cycle, with no satisfying explanation so far for the triggering mechanisms, in the context of already published datasets.
Investigations of approximate expressions for the transit duration
Creators: name: Kipping, David M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the accuracy of various approximate expressions for the transit duration of a detached binary against the exact solution, found through solving a quartic equation. Additionally, a new concise approximation is derived, which offers more accurate results than those currently in the literature. Numerical simulations are performed to test the accuracy of the various expressions. We find that our proposed expression show yields a >200% improvement in accuracy relative to the most previously employed expression. We derive a new set of equations for retrieving the lightcurve parameters and consider the effect of falsely using circular expressions for eccentric orbits, with particularly important consequences for transit surveys. The new expression also allows us to propose a new lightcurve fitting parameter set, which minimizes the mutual correlations and thus improves computational efficiency. The equation is also readily differentiated to provide analytic expressions for the transit duration variation (TDV) due to secular variations in the system parameters, for example due to apsidal precession induced by perturbing planets.
description: Accepted in MNRAS
title: Effect of global warming on the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones: an Early Jurassic perspective
Creators: name: Krencker, François-Nicolas
name: Zeeden, Christian
name: Heimhofer, Ulrich
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Anthropogenic warming is predicted to increase the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones, leading to severe damage and loss of life. However, projections based on historical observations are limited due to the lack of longer-term and spatially-resolved data. Here, we use the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event (T-OAE) as a case study to investigate the link between tropical cyclone patterns and climate change. The T-OAE is a well-studied example of intense global warming and environmental change in Earth's history, characterized by a 7°C increase in sea-surface temperature and the common occurrence of tropical cyclones recorded in sedimentary deposits.

We collected sedimentary outcrop data along a 60 km-long transect, comprising 10 detailed sections along the paleo continental shelf in the central High Atlas in Morocco. We used sedimentary characteristics such as grainsize, texture, sedimentary features, and ichnofossils to identify storm-generated strata in offshore to lower shoreface settings, and extract paleo-tropical cyclone parameters. To constrain the age model, we used a cyclostratigraphic approach based on magnetic susceptibility datasets. By comparing the results to pre- and post-T-OAE time intervals, we gained insights into the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones during this event and how they may have been affected by climate warming.

Our study highlights the potential of outcrop data to extract past storminess characteristics and test current model predictions on tropical cyclone patterns. By improving our understanding of how climate change affects tropical cyclones, we can better prepare for and mitigate the damage caused by these extreme weather events.
Additional file 1 of Hemodynamic and anti-inflammatory effects of early esmolol use in hyperkinetic septic shock: a pilot study
Creators: name: Levy, Bruno
name: Fritz, Caroline
name: Piona, Caroline
name: Duarte, Kevin
name: Morelli, Andrea
name: Guerci, Philippe
name: Kimmoun, Antoine
name: Girerd, Nicolas
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer

description: Additional file 1. H0–H6 comparison after excluding the three patients who discontinued esmolol prematurelyAdditional Table 6. Olink inflammation panel. H0–H6 comparison.
title: Biogeochemical processes in saline siliciclastic aquifers due to Aquifer thermal energy storage
Creators: name: Kliwer, Tatjana
name: Gitter, Martin
name: Schiperski, Ferry
name: Mitzscherling, Julia
name: Neumann, Thomas
Publisher: name: Deutsche Geologische Gesellschaft - Geologische Vereinigung e.V. (DGGV)
Year: 2023

description:
Aquifer Thermal Energy Storage (ATES) is a highly promising technology for storing excess energy due to its high storage capacity and small surface footprint. Despite its numerous advantages, planning, approval, and application are not yet widespread in Germany. Mineral precipitation and biofilm formation can lead to clogging of wells and aquifers. In addition, changes in the physico-chemical conditions may trigger the mobilization of toxic trace elements such as arsenic. The BMBF-funded joint project UnClog-ATES aims to investigate biogeochemical processes in the subsurface that may reduce the efficiency and long-term performance of ATES systems.

Sterile and non-sterile flow-through experiments are conducted under anoxic conditions, using both siliciclastic sediments and groundwater from a potentially ATES-suitable saline aquifer in Berlin. Through laboratory studies, the project investigates the effects of temperature changes, variations, and temporary oxygen input, and analyzes changes in the chemistry, mineralogy, and microbial community of both the groundwater and aquifer. Numerical models, including reactive transport and batch models, are developed using PHREEQC. Sensitivity analyses aid in the calibration and validation of models. They provide valuable insights into the geochemical behavior of the aquifer system and its response to different scenarios or conditions, by identifying the most influential parameters. Another key objective is to determine biogeochemical indicators that can be used to forecast clogging and define practical countermeasures to prevent or mitigate adverse effects in the aquifer.

Here we present our experimental setup and first modeling results for an ATES-suitable formation located in Berlin, Germany.
A SAURON study of dwarf elliptical galaxies in the Virgo Cluster
Creators: name: Ryś, Agnieszka
name: Falcón-Barroso, Jesús
name: Koleva, Mina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Dwarf elliptical galaxies are the most common galaxy type in nearby galaxy clusters, yet they remain relatively poorly studied objects and many of their basic properties have yet to be quantified. In this contribution we present the preliminary results of a study of 4 Virgo and 1 field galaxy obtained with the SAURON integral field unit on the William Herschel Telescope (La Palma). While traditional long-slit observations are likely to miss more complicated kinematic features, with SAURON we are able to study both kinematics and stellar populations in two dimensions, obtaining a much more detailed view of the mass distribution and star formation histories.
description: 2 pages, 1 figure; to appear in the proceedings of the conference "A Universe of dwarf galaxies" (Lyon, June 14-18, 2010)