cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Key Source Habitats and Potential Dispersal of Triatoma infestans Populations in Northwestern Argentina: Implications for Vector Control
Creators: name: Gürtler, Ricardo E.
name: Cecere, María C.
name: Fernández, María Del Pilar
name: Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo M.
name: Ceballos, Leonardo A.
name: Gurevitz, Juan M.
name: Kitron, Uriel
name: Cohen, Joel E.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Vector control
subject: Communicable diseases--Control
subject: Triatoma
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Epidemiology

description: Background
Triatoma infestans —the principal vector of the infection that causes Chagas disease— defies elimination efforts in the Gran Chaco region. This study identifies the types of human-made or -used structures that are key sources of these bugs in the initial stages of house reinfestation after an insecticide spraying campaign.

Methodology and Principal Findings
We measured demographic and blood-feeding parameters at two geographic scales in 11 rural communities in Figueroa, northwest Argentina. Of 1,297 sites searched in spring, 279 (21.5%) were infested. Bug abundance per site and female fecundity differed significantly among habitat types (ecotopes) and were highly aggregated. Domiciles (human sleeping quarters) had maximum infestation prevalence (38.7%), human-feeding bugs and total egg production, with submaximal values for other demographic and blood-feeding attributes. Taken collectively peridomestic sites were three times more often infested than domiciles. Chicken coops had greater bug abundance, blood-feeding rates, engorgement status, and female fecundity than pig and goat corrals. The host-feeding patterns were spatially structured yet there was strong evidence of active dispersal of late-stage bugs between ecotopes. Two flight indices predicted that female fliers were more likely to originate from kitchens and domiciles, rejecting our initial hypothesis that goat and pig corrals would dominate.

Conclusions and Significance
Chicken coops and domiciles were key source habitats fueling rapid house reinfestation. Focusing control efforts on ecotopes with human-fed bugs (domiciles, storerooms, goat corrals) would neither eliminate the substantial contributions to bug population growth from kitchens, chicken coops, and pig corrals nor stop dispersal of adult female bugs from kitchens. Rather, comprehensive control of the linked network of ecotopes is required to prevent feeding on humans, bug population growth, and bug dispersal simultaneously. Our study illustrates a demographic approach that may be applied to other regions and triatomine species for the design of innovative, improved vector control strategies.
IDERHA Corporate Slide Deck
Creators: name: Boutsma, Erwin
name: Grättinger, Mira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025
Subjects: Digital health, EHDS, IHI, data, health, lung cancer, FAIR, EHDS, digital innovation, open platform, federated, HTA, regulatory, clinical decision-making, policy recommendations

description: IDERHA is a European public-private partnership launched in April 2023. This pioneering project aims to create an open platform designed to enable connectivity, access, sharing, use and reuse of digital health data to maximize their value for patient care and medical research. In addition, IDERHA's policy recommendations will enhance regulatory and HTA decision making, facilitating access to digital health innovations for patients and health care professionals.

This corporate slide deck explains IDERHA's mission, vision, goals, research output, and overall governance structure. It will be updated regularly during the project.
Primitive ideals, twisting functors and star actions for classical Lie superalgebras
Creators: name: Coulembier, Kevin
name: Mazorchuk, Volodymyr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 17B10, 17B35, 16E10

description: We study three related topics in representation theory of classical Lie superalgebras. The first one is classification of primitive ideals, i.e. annihilator ideals of simple modules, and inclusions between them. The second topic concerns Arkhipov's twisting functors on the BGG category O. The third topic addresses deformed orbits of the Weyl group. These take over the role of the usual Weyl group orbits for Lie algebras, in the study of primitive ideals and twisting functors for Lie superalgebras.
description: 44 pages
Gold nanocrescents for remotely measuring and controlling local temperature
Creators: name: Vu, Xuan Hoa
name: Levy, Michael
name: Barroca, Thomas
name: Tran, Hong Nhung
name: Fort, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a novel technique to remotely measure and control the local temperature within a medium. This technique is based on the observation of the rotational Brownian motion of gold nanocrescent particles, which possess a strong anisotropic light interaction due to their plasmonic properties. Rotational scattering correlation spectroscopy performed on a single nanoparticle is able to determine the local temperature with high accuracy. These nano-thermometers can simultaneously play the role of nano-heaters when absorbing the light of a focused laser beam.
Additional file 5 of A comparison of intensive vs. light-touch quality improvement interventions for maternal health in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Montagu, Dominic
name: Giessler, Katie
name: Nakphong, Michelle Kao
name: Green, Cathy
name: Roy, Kali Prosad
name: Ananta Basudev Sahu
name: Kovid Sharma
name: Sudhinarset, May
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 5.
Dislocation mutual interactions mediated by mobile impurities and the conditions for plastic instabilities
Creators: name: Leoni, Fabio
name: Zapperi, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Matallic alloys, such as Al or Cu, or mild steel, display plastic instabilities in a well defined range of temperatures and deformation rates, a phenomenon known as the Portevin-Le Chatelelier (PLC) effect. The stick-slip behavior, or serration, typical of this effect is due to the discontinuous motion of dislocations as they interact with solute atoms. Here we study a simple model of interacting dislocations and show how the classical Einstein fluctuation-dissipation relation can be used to define the temperature in a range of model parameters and to construct a phase diagram of serration that can be compared to experimental results. Furthermore, performing analytical calculations and numerically integrating the equations of motion, we clarify the crucial role played by dislocation mutual interactions in serration.
Wave patterns generated by a flow of two-component Bose-Einstein condensate with spin-orbit interaction past a localized obstacle
Creators: name: Kartashov, Y. V.
name: Kamchatnov, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is shown that spin-orbit interaction leads to drastic changes in wave patterns generated by a flow of two-component Bose-Einstein condensate (BEC) past an obstacle. The combined Rashba and Dresselhaus spin-orbit interaction affects in different ways two types of excitations---density and polarization waves---which can propagate in a two-component BEC. We show that the density and polarization "ship wave" patterns rotate in opposite directions around the axis located at the obstacle position and the angle of rotation depends on the strength of spin-orbit interaction. This rotation is accompanied by narrowing of the Mach cone. The influence of spin-orbit coupling on density solitons and polarization breathers is studied numerically.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures
Additional file 1 of A comparison of intensive vs. light-touch quality improvement interventions for maternal health in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Montagu, Dominic
name: Giessler, Katie
name: Nakphong, Michelle Kao
name: Green, Cathy
name: Roy, Kali Prosad
name: Ananta Basudev Sahu
name: Kovid Sharma
name: Sudhinarset, May
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1.
Spinster Homolog 2 (Spns2) Deficiency Causes Early Onset Progressive Hearing Loss
Creators: name: Chen, Jing
name: Ingham, Neil
name: Kelly, John
name: Jadeja, Shalini
name: Goulding, David
name: Pass, Johanna
name: Mahajan, Vinit B.
name: Tsang, Stephen H.
name: Nijnik, Anastasia
name: Jackson, Ian J.
name: White, Jacqueline K.
name: Forge, Andrew
name: Jagger, Daniel
name: Steel, Karen P.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mutation (Biology)
subject: Cochlea
subject: Deafness
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biology
subject: Audiology

description: Spinster homolog 2 (Spns2) acts as a Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) transporter in zebrafish and mice, regulating heart development and lymphocyte trafficking respectively. S1P is a biologically active lysophospholipid with multiple roles in signalling. The mechanism of action of Spns2 is still elusive in mammals. Here, we report that Spns2-deficient mice rapidly lost auditory sensitivity and endocochlear potential (EP) from 2 to 3 weeks old. We found progressive degeneration of sensory hair cells in the organ of Corti, but the earliest defect was a decline in the EP, suggesting that dysfunction of the lateral wall was the primary lesion. In the lateral wall of adult mutants, we observed structural changes of marginal cell boundaries and of strial capillaries, and reduced expression of several key proteins involved in the generation of the EP (Kcnj10, Kcnq1, Gjb2 and Gjb6), but these changes were likely to be secondary. Permeability of the boundaries of the stria vascularis and of the strial capillaries appeared normal. We also found focal retinal degeneration and anomalies of retinal capillaries together with anterior eye defects in Spns2 mutant mice. Targeted inactivation of Spns2 in red blood cells, platelets, or lymphatic or vascular endothelial cells did not affect hearing, but targeted ablation of Spns2 in the cochlea using a Sox10-Cre allele produced a similar auditory phenotype to the original mutation, suggesting that local Spns2 expression is critical for hearing in mammals. These findings indicate that Spns2 is required for normal maintenance of the EP and hence for normal auditory function, and support a role for S1P signalling in hearing.
A three-dimensional MR-STAT protocol for high-resolution multi-parametric quantitative MRI
Creators: name: Liu, Hongyan
name: van der Heide, Oscar
name: Versteeg, Edwin
name: Froeling, Martijn
name: Fuderer, Miha
name: Xu, Fei
name: Berg, Cornelis A. T. van den
name: Sbrizzi, Alessandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medical Physics (physics.med-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Magnetic Resonance Spin Tomography in Time-Domain (MR-STAT) is a multiparametric quantitative MR framework, which allows for simultaneously acquiring quantitative tissue parameters such as T1, T2 and proton density from one single short scan. A typical 2D MR-STAT acquisition uses a gradient-spoiled, gradient-echo sequence with a slowly varying RF flip-angle train and Cartesian readouts, and the quantitative tissue maps are reconstructed by an iterative, model-based optimization algorithm. In this work, we design a 3D MR-STAT framework based on previous 2D work, in order to achieve better image SNR, higher though-plan resolution and better tissue characterization. Specifically, we design a 7-minute, high-resolution 3D MR-STAT sequence, and the corresponding two-step reconstruction algorithm for the large-scale dataset. To reduce the long acquisition time, Cartesian undersampling strategies such as SENSE are adopted in our transient-state quantitative framework. To reduce the computational burden, a data splitting scheme is designed for decoupling the 3D reconstruction problem into independent 2D reconstructions. The proposed 3D framework is validated by numerical simulations, phantom experiments and in-vivo experiments. High-quality knee quantitative maps with 0.8 x 0.8 x 1.5mm3 resolution and bilateral lower leg maps with 1.6mm isotropic resolution can be acquired using the proposed 7-minute acquisition sequence and the 3-minute-per-slice decoupled reconstruction algorithm. The proposed 3D MR-STAT framework could have wide clinical applications in the future.
Singlet Dark Matter in Type II Two Higgs Doublet Model
Creators: name: Cai, Yi
name: Li, Tong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Inspired by the dark matter searches in the low mass region, we study the Type II two Higgs doublet model with a light gauge singlet WIMP stabilized by a Z_2 symmetry. The real singlet is required to only couple to the non-Standard Model Higgs. We investigate singlet candidates with different spins as well as isospin violating effect. The parameter space favored by LHC data in two Higgs doublet model and hadronic uncertainties in WIMP-nucleon elastic scattering are also taken into account. We find only the scalar singlet in the isospin conserving case leads to a major overlap with the region of interests of most direct detection experiments.
description: 18 pages, 6 figures
Helical order in one-dimensional magnetic atom chains and possible emergence of Majorana bound states
Creators: name: Kim, Younghyun
name: Cheng, Meng
name: Bauer, Bela
name: Lutchyn, Roman M.
name: Sarma, S. Das
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically obtain the phase diagram of localized magnetic impurity spins arranged in a one-dimensional chain on top of a one- or two-dimensional electron gas with Rashba spin-orbit coupling. The interactions between the spins are mediated by the Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida (RKKY) mechanism through the electron gas. Recent work predicts that such a system may intrinsically support topological superconductivity when a helical spin-density wave is formed in the spins, and superconductivity is induced in the electron gas. We analyze, using both analytical and numerical techniques, the conditions under which such a helical spin state is stable in a realistic situation in the presence of disorder. We show that it becomes unstable towards the formation of (anti) ferromagnetic domains if the disorder in the impurity spin positions $δR$ becomes comparable with the Fermi wave length. We also examine the stability of the helical state against Gaussian potential disorder in the electronic system using a diagrammatic approach. Our results suggest that in order to stabilize the helical spin state, and thus the emergent topological superconductivity, a sufficiently strong Rashba spin-orbit coupling, giving rise to Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interactions, is required.
description: Final version, accepted to PRB(R)
Influence of Organic Spacer Cation on Dark Excitons in 2D Perovskites
Creators: name: Bailey, Christopher G.
name: Gillan, Lara V.
name: Lee, Minwoo
name: Sloane, Nicholas
name: Liu, Xu
name: Soufiani, Arman Mahboubi
name: Hao, Xiaojing
name: McCamey, Dane R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The organic spacer cation plays a crucial role in determining the exciton fine structure in two-dimensional (2D) perovskites. Here, we use low-temperature magneto-optical spectroscopy to gain insight into the influence of the organic spacer on dark excitons in Ruddlesden-Popper (RP) perovskites. We show that by using modest magnetic field strengths (<1.5 T), the spin-forbidden dark exciton state can be identified and its emission properties significantly modulated through the application of in-plane magnetic fields, up to temperatures of 15 K. At low temperatures, an increase in collected photoluminescence efficiency of >30% is demonstrated, signifying the critical role of the dark exciton state for light-emitting applications of 2D perovskites. The exciton fine structure and the degree of magnetic-field-induced mixing are impacted by the choice of organic spacer cation, with 4-methoxyphenethylammonium (MeO-PEA) showing the largest effect due to larger bright-dark exciton splitting. Our results suggest that dark excitons preferentially form biexcitons depending on the choice of spacer. We distinguish between interior (bulk) and surface dark-exciton emission, showing that bright-dark exciton splitting differs between the interior and surface. Our results emphasize the significance of the organic spacer cation in controlling the exciton fine structure in 2D perovskites and have important implications for the development of optoelectronic technology based on 2D perovskites.
Additional file 4 of A comparison of intensive vs. light-touch quality improvement interventions for maternal health in Uttar Pradesh, India
Creators: name: Montagu, Dominic
name: Giessler, Katie
name: Nakphong, Michelle Kao
name: Green, Cathy
name: Roy, Kali Prosad
name: Ananta Basudev Sahu
name: Kovid Sharma
name: Sudhinarset, May
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 4.
Assessment of the biochemical methane potential of in-house and outdoor stored pig and dairy cow manure by evaluating chemical composition and storage conditions
Creators: name: Hilgert, Julio E.
name: Herrmann, Christiane
name: Petersen, Søren O.
name: Dragoni, Federico
name: Amon, Thomas
name: Belik, Vitaly
name: Ammon, Christian
name: Amon, Barbara
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: biochemical methane potential
subject: pig
subject: dairy cow
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::630 Landwirtschaft::630 Landwirtschaft und verwandte Bereiche

description: Biogas production is a suitable option for producing energy from dairy and pig manure types. During manure storage, organic matter degradation results in methane emissions decreasing the potential biogas yield. The present research advances the understanding of the biochemical methane potential (BMP) and the chemical characteristics of manure collected year-round from sequential stages of the liquid manure management chain of commercial dairy cow and pig farms. To this end, manure samples from six livestock farms in Germany were analyzed. The results showed that changes in chemical composition during storage led to a 20.5% decrease in the BMP of dairy manure from the barn to outdoor storage. For fattening pig manure samples, there was a 39.5% decrease in the BMP from intermediate to outdoor storage. An analysis of BMP according to manure age showed that pig manure degrades faster than dairy manure; the importance of promptly feeding manure to the biogas plant in order to avoid significant CH4 emission losses and reduction in energy producing capacity was highlighted. The best BMP predictors for dairy manure were the contents of dry matter, volatile solids and lignin, whereas best BMP predictors for pig manure were dry matter and volatile fatty acid (VFA) content. Prediction models performed well for samples from outdoor storages; refinements for predicting BMP of less aged samples presenting lower chemical variability would be necessary.
On the connection between Lenz's law and relativity
Creators: name: Rodrigues, Thales B. S. F.
name: Rizzuti, B. F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Physics (physics.gen-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we demonstrate explicitly the unified nature of electric and magnetic fields, from the principles of special relativity and Lorentz transformations of the electromagnetic field tensor. Using an operational approach we construct the tensor and its corresponding transformation law, based on the principle of relativity. Our work helps to elucidate concepts of advanced courses on electromagnetism for primary-level learners and shows an alternative path to derive the Lenz's law based solely on relativity arguments.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures. Revised version according to referee's suggestions
IDERHA Corporate slide deck - OUTDATED
Creators: name: Erwin Boutsma
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Digital health, EHDS, IHI, data, health, lung cancer, FAIR, EHDS, digital innovation, open platform, federated, HTA, regulatory, clinical decision-making, policy recommendations

description: IDERHA (Integration of Heterogeneous Data and Evidence towards Regulatory and HTA Acceptance) is a European public-private partnership launched in April 2023. This pioneering project addresses the obstacles in accessing, integrating and analysing health data to maximize their value for patient care and medical research.
Subspace coverings with multiplicities
Creators: name: Bishnoi, Anurag
name: Boyadzhiyska, Simona
name: Das, Shagnik
name: Mészáros, Tamás
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Boolean hypercube
subject: subspace coverings
subject: blocking sets
subject: Alon–Füredi theorem
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We study the problem of determining the minimum number f(n,k,d) of affine subspaces of codimension d that are required to cover all points of Fn2∖{0⃗ } at least k times while covering the origin at most k−1 times. The case k=1 is a classic result of Jamison, which was independently obtained by Brouwer and Schrijver for d=1. The value of f(n,1,1) also follows from a well-known theorem of Alon and Füredi about coverings of finite grids in affine spaces over arbitrary fields. Here we determine the value of this function exactly in various ranges of the parameters. In particular, we prove that for k≥2n−d−1 we have f(n,k,d)=2dk−⌊k2n−d⌋, while for n>22dk−k−d+1 we have f(n,k,d)=n+2dk−d−2, and obtain asymptotic results between these two ranges. While previous work in this direction has primarily employed the polynomial method, we prove our results through more direct combinatorial and probabilistic arguments, and also exploit a connection to coding theory.
Additional file 1 of Mapping evidence on adolescents’ HIV-positive status disclosure in sub-Saharan Africa: a protocol for a scoping review
Creators: name: Adzordor, Patience
name: Avoka, Clement
name: Bawontuo, Vitalis
name: Agbesi, Silas
name: Kuupiel, Desmond
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. PRISMA-P 2015 Checklist.
The Prevalence of Mild Cognitive Impairment in Diverse Geographical and Ethnocultural Regions: The COSMIC Collaboration
Creators: name: Sachdev, Perminder S.
name: Lipnick, Darren M.
name: Kochan, Nicole A.
name: Crawford, John D.
name: Thalamuthu, Anbupalam
name: Andrews, Gavin
name: Brayne, Carol
name: Matthews, Fiona E.
name: Stephan, Blossom C. M.
name: Lipton, Richard B.
name: Katz, Mindy J.
name: Ritchie, Karen
name: Carrière, Isabelle
name: Ancelin, Marie-Laure
name: Lam, Linda C. W.
name: Wong, Candy H. Y.
name: Fung, Ada W. T.
name: Guait, Antonio
name: Vaccaro, Roberta
name: Davin, Annalisa
name: Ganguli, Mary
name: Dodge, Hiroko
name: Hughes, Tiffany
name: Anstey, Kaarin J.
name: Cherbuin, Nicolas
name: Butterworth, Peter
name: Ng, Tze Pin
name: Gao, Qi
name: Reppermund, Simone
name: Brodaty, Henry
name: Schupf, Nicole
name: Manly, Jennifer J.
name: Stern, Yaakov
name: Lobo, Antonio
name: Lopez-Anton, Raúl
name: Santabárbara, Javier
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mild cognitive impairment
subject: Epidemiology
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Mental health

description: Background
Changes in criteria and differences in populations studied and methodology have produced a wide range of prevalence estimates for mild cognitive impairment (MCI).
Methods
Uniform criteria were applied to harmonized data from 11 studies from USA, Europe, Asia and Australia, and MCI prevalence estimates determined using three separate definitions of cognitive impairment.
Results
The published range of MCI prevalence estimates was 5.0%–36.7%. This was reduced with all cognitive impairment definitions: performance in the bottom 6.681% (3.2%–10.8%); Clinical Dementia Rating of 0.5 (1.8%–14.9%); Mini-Mental State Examination score of 24–27 (2.1%–20.7%). Prevalences using the first definition were 5.9% overall, and increased with age (P < .001) but were unaffected by sex or the main races/ethnicities investigated (Whites and Chinese). Not completing high school increased the likelihood of MCI (P ≤ .01).
Conclusion
Applying uniform criteria to harmonized data greatly reduced the variation in MCI prevalence internationally.
Fractionated Radiation Exposure of Rat Spinal Cords Leads to Latent NeuroInflammation in Brain, Cognitive Deficits, and Alterations in Apurinic Endonuclease 1
Creators: name: Suresh Kumar, M. A.
name: Peluso, Michael
name: Chaudhary, Pankaj
name: Dhawan, Jasbeer
name: Beheshti, Afshin
name: Manickam, Krishnan
name: Thapar, Upasna
name: Pena, Louis
name: Natarajan, Mohan
name: Hlatky, Lynn
name: Demple, Bruce
name: Naidu, Mamta
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Endonucleases
subject: Stem cells
subject: Spinal cord--Wounds and injuries
subject: Ionizing radiation--Physiological effect
subject: Diagnostic imaging
subject: Medicine
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Cytology
subject: Environmental health

description: Ionizing radiation causes degeneration of myelin, the insulating sheaths of neuronal axons, leading to neurological impairment. As radiation research on the central nervous system has predominantly focused on neurons, with few studies addressing the role of glial cells, we have focused our present research on identifying the latent effects of single/ fractionated -low dose of low/ high energy radiation on the role of base excision repair protein Apurinic Endonuclease-1, in the rat spinal cords oligodendrocyte progenitor cells’ differentiation. Apurinic endonuclease-1 is predominantly upregulated in response to oxidative stress by low- energy radiation, and previous studies show significant induction of Apurinic Endonuclease-1 in neurons and astrocytes. Our studies show for the first time, that fractionation of protons cause latent damage to spinal cord architecture while fractionation of HZE (28Si) induce increase in APE1 with single dose, which then decreased with fractionation. The oligodendrocyte progenitor cells differentiation was skewed with increase in immature oligodendrocytes and astrocytes, which likely cause the observed decrease in white matter, increased neuro-inflammation, together leading to the observed significant cognitive defects.
High-Purity Entanglement of Hot Propagating Modes Using Nonreciprocity
Creators: name: Orr, Lindsay
name: Khan, Saeed A.
name: Buchholz, Nils
name: Kotler, S.
name: Metelmann, Anja
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum correlations in quantum information
subject: Quantum engineering
subject: Quantum entanglement
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: Distributed quantum information processing and communication protocols demand the ability to generate entanglement among propagating modes. However, thermal fluctuations can severely limit the fidelity and purity of propagating entangled states, especially for low-frequency modes relevant for radio-frequency (rf) signals. Here, we propose nonreciprocity as a resource to render continuous-variable entanglement of propagating modes robust against thermal fluctuations. By utilizing a cold-engineered reservoir, we break the symmetry of reciprocity in a standard two-mode squeezing interaction between a low- and a high-frequency mode and show that the rerouting of thermal fluctuations allows the generation of flying entangled states with high purity. Our approach requires only pairwise Gaussian interactions and is thus ideal for parametric circuit-QED implementations.
Randomized Cross-Sectional Study to Compare HIV-1 Specific Antibody and Cytokine Concentrations in Female Genital Secretions Obtained by Menstrual Cup and Cervicovaginal Lavage
Creators: name: Archary, Derseree
name: Liebenberg, Lenine J.
name: Werner, Lise
name: Tuls, Sahil
name: Majola, Nelisile
name: Naicker, Nivashnee
name: Dlamini, Sarah
name: Hope, Thomas J.
name: Abdool Karim, Salim
name: Samsunder, Natasha
name: Morris, Lynn
name: Passmore, Jo-Ann S.
name: Garrett, Nigel J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: HIV infections—Prevention
HIV antibodies--Testing
Diagnostic specimens--Collection and preservation
Epidemiology
Public health

description: Introduction
Optimizing methods for genital specimen collection to accurately characterize mucosal immune responses is a priority for the HIV prevention field. The menstrual cup (MC) has been proposed as an alternative to other methods including cervicovaginal lavage (CVL), but no study has yet formally compared these two methods.
Methods
Forty HIV-infected, antiretroviral therapy-naïve women from the CAPRISA 002 acute HIV infection cohort study were randomized to have genital fluid collected using the MC with subsequent CVL, or by CVL alone. Qualitative data, which assessed levels of comfort and acceptability of MC using a 5-point Likert scale, was collected. Luminex multiplex assays were used to measure HIV-specific IgG against multiple gene products and 48 cytokines.
Results
The majority (94%) of participants indicated that insertion, wearing and removal of the MC was comfortable. Nineteen MCs with 18 matching, subsequent CVLs and 20 randomized CVLs were available for analysis. Mucosal IgG responses against four HIV-antigens were detected in 99% of MCs compared to only 80% of randomized CVLs (p = 0.029). Higher specific antibody activity and total antibodies were observed in MCs compared to CVL (all p<0.001). In MCs, 42/48 (88%) cytokines were in the detectable range in all participants compared to 27/48 (54%) in CVL (p<0.001). Concentrations of 22/41 cytokines (53.7%) were significantly higher in fluid collected by MC. Both total IgG (r = 0.63; p = 0.005) and cytokine concentrations (r = 0.90; p<0.001) correlated strongly between MC and corresponding post-MC CVL.
Conclusions
MC sampling improves the detection of mucosal cytokines and antibodies, particularly those present at low concentrations. MC may therefore represent an ideal tool to assess immunological parameters in genital secretions, without interfering with concurrent collection of conventional CVL samples.
"Stellar Prominences" on OB stars to explain wind-line variability
Creators: name: Henrichs, H. F.
name: Sudnik, N. P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Many O and B stars show unexplained cyclical variability in their winds, i.e. modulation of absorption features on the rotational timescale, but not strictly periodic over longer timescales. For these stars no dipolar magnetic fields have been detected, with upper limits below 300 G. Similar cyclical variability is also found in many optical lines, which are formed at the base of the wind. We propose that these cyclical variations are caused by the presence of multiple, transient, short-lived, corotating magnetic loops, which we call "stellar prominences". We present a simplified model representing these prominences to explain the cyclical optical wind-line variability in the O supergiant lambda Cephei. Other supporting evidence for such prominences comes from the recent discovery of photometric variability in a comparable O star, which was explained by the presence of multiple transient bright spots, presumably of magnetic origin as well.
description: Contributed paper IAUS 302, Biarritz, August 2013, 4 pages, 3 figures
Giant optical rotation in a three-dimensional semiconductor chiral photonic crystal
Creators: name: Takahashi, S.
name: Tandaechanurat, A.
name: Igusa, R.
name: Ota, Y.
name: Tatebayashi, J.
name: Iwamoto, S.
name: Arakawa, Y.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Optical rotation is experimentally demonstrated in a semiconductor-based three-dimensional chiral photonic crystal (PhC) at a telecommunication wavelength. We design a rotationally-stacked woodpile PhC structure, where neighboring layers are rotated by 45 degrees and four layers construct a single helical unit. The mirror-asymmetric PhC made from GaAs with sub-micron periodicity is fabricated by a micro-manipulation technique. The linearly polarized light incident on the structure undergoes optical rotation during transmission. The obtained results show good agreement with numerical simulations. The measurement demonstrates the largest optical rotation angle as large as 23 degrees at 1300 nm wavelength for a single helical unit.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
Regulation of Pancreatic β  Cell Mass by Cross-Interaction between CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein β Induced by Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress and AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Activity
Creators: name: Matsuda, Tomokazu
name: Takahashi, Hiroaki
name: Mieda, Yusuke
name: Shimizu, Shinobu
name: Kawamoto, Takeshi
name: Matsuura, Yuki
name: Taka, Tomoko
name: Suzuki, Emi
name: Kanno, Ayumi
name: Koyanagi-Kimura, Maki
name: Asahara, Shun-Ichiro
name: Bartolome Herranz, Alberto
name: Yoko, Norihide
name: Inoue, Hiroshi
name: Ogawa, Wataru
name: Seino, Susumu
name: Kido, Yoshiaki
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2015
Subjects: Endoplasmic reticulum
Protein kinases
Pancreatic beta cells
Biochemistry
Biology
Cytology

description: During the development of type 2 diabetes, endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress leads to not only insulin resistance but also to pancreatic beta cell failure. Conversely, cell function under various stressed conditions can be restored by reducing ER stress by activating AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK). However, the details of this mechanism are still obscure. Therefore, the current study aims to elucidate the role of AMPK activity during ER stress-associated pancreatic beta cell failure. MIN6 cells were loaded with 5-amino-1-ϐ-D-ribofuranosyl-imidazole-4-carboxamide (AICAR) and metformin to assess the relationship between AMPK activity and CCAAT enhancer binding protein ϐ (C/EBPϐ) expression levels. The effect of C/EBPϐ phosphorylation on expression levels was also investigated. Vildagliptin and metformin were administered to pancreatic beta cell-specific C/EBPϐ transgenic mice to investigate the relationship between C/EBPϐ expression levels and AMPK activity in the pancreatic islets. When pancreatic beta cells are exposed to ER stress, the accumulation of the transcription factor C/EBPϐ lowers the AMP/ATP ratio, thereby decreasing AMPK activity. In an opposite manner, incubation of MIN6 cells with AICAR or metformin activated AMPK, which suppressed C/EBPϐ expression. In addition, administration of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor vildagliptin and metformin to pancreatic beta cell-specific C/EBPϐ transgenic mice decreased C/EBPϐ expression levels and enhanced pancreatic beta cell mass in proportion to the recovery of AMPK activity. Enhanced C/EBPϐ expression and decreased AMPK activity act synergistically to induce ER stress-associated pancreatic beta cell failure.
A robotic test of proprioception within the hemiparetic arm post-stroke
Creators: name: Simo, Lucia
name: Botzer, Lior
name: Ghez De CasteInvovo, Claude
name: Scheidt, Robert
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cerebrovascular disease
subject: Proprioception
subject: Neurosciences
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine

description: Background: Proprioception plays important roles in planning and control of limb posture and movement. The impact of proprioceptive deficits on motor function post-stroke has been difficult to elucidate due to limitations in current tests of arm proprioception. Common clinical tests only provide ordinal assessment of proprioceptive integrity (eg. intact, impaired or absent). We introduce a standardized, quantitative method for evaluating proprioception within the arm on a continuous, ratio scale. We demonstrate the approach, which is based on signal detection theory of sensory psychophysics, in two tasks used to characterize motor function after stroke. Methods: Hemiparetic stroke survivors and neurologically intact participants attempted to detect displacement- or force-perturbations robotically applied to their arm in a two-interval, two-alternative forced-choice test. A logistic psychometric function parameterized detection of limb perturbations. The shape of this function is determined by two parameters: one corresponds to a signal detection threshold and the other to variability of responses about that threshold. These two parameters define a space in which proprioceptive sensation post-stroke can be compared to that of neurologically-intact people. We used an auditory tone discrimination task to control for potential comprehension, attention and memory deficits. Results: All but one stroke survivor demonstrated competence in performing two-alternative discrimination in the auditory training test. For the remaining stroke survivors, those with clinically identified proprioceptive deficits in the hemiparetic arm or hand had higher detection thresholds and exhibited greater response variability than individuals without proprioceptive deficits. We then identified a normative parameter space determined by the threshold and response variability data collected from neurologically intact participants. By plotting displacement detection performance within this normative space, stroke survivors with and without intact proprioception could be discriminated on a continuous scale that was sensitive to small performance variations, e.g. practice effects across days. Conclusions: The proposed method uses robotic perturbations similar to those used in ongoing studies of motor function post-stroke. The approach is sensitive to small changes in the proprioceptive detection of hand motions. We expect this new robotic assessment will empower future studies to characterize how proprioceptive deficits compromise limb posture and movement control in stroke survivors.
Proechimys setosus
Creators: name: Honacki, James H.
name: Kinman, Kenneth E.
name: Koeppl, James W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 1982
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Mammalia
Rodentia
Echimyidae
Proechimys
Proechimys setosus

description: Proechimys setosus (Desmarest, 1817). Nouv. Diet. Hist. Nat., ser. 2, 10:59. TYPE LOCALITY: Brazil, Bahia, Moojen. DISTRIBUTION: E. Brazil. ISIS NUMBER: 5301410029011012001.
description: Published as part of James H. Honacki, Kenneth E. Kinman & James W. Koeppl, 1982, Order Rodentia (Part 6), pp. 560-594 in Mammal Species of the World (1 st Edition), Lawrence, Kansas, USA :Alien Press, Inc. & The Association of Systematics Collections on page 591, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.7353039
Timing matters: Sampling frequency for early-warning indicators across food web components in a virtual lake
Creators: name: Gsell, Alena S.
name: Teurlincx, Sven
name: Adrian, Rita
name: Janssen, Annette B. G.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Critical transition
subject: Ecosystem model
subject: PCLake+
subject: Regime shift
subject: Sampling frequency
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Shallow lakes are known for sudden shifts between a desired clear and an undesired turbid state despite only incremental changes in the underlying drivers. Such sudden shifts are a major challenge for lake managers who can be confronted with abrupt losses of desired ecosystem services without easily observable warning signals. Predictive tools for the loss of ecosystem resilience are vital to respond with timely mitigation measures and avert a shift to the undesired state. Early-warning indicators (EWIs) have faithfully preceded critical transitions in minimal models but have proven more elusive in real-world data, suggesting a mismatch between measurement strategy and the detectability of EWIs. Here, we capitalize on data simulated using the aquatic ecosystem model PCLake+ which represents real systems more closely than reductionistic models and which allows the generation of critical transitions in response to gradual changes in phosphorus load. We tested the effect of different sampling intervals (daily to yearly) on the detection of three often-used EWIs across a range of food web and nutrient-related variables. Moreover, we included one integrated sampling interval (yearly average of daily measurements) to represent time-integrated measurements. EWIs generally performed better at shorter intervals (daily, weekly) but integrated measurements over the year also proved suitable to detect oncoming state shifts. We propose that lake managers should aim for high-frequency measurements of variables that can be easily and cheaply measured (e.g. oxygen, Secchi) or, alternatively, focus on integrated approaches using passive samplers or sedimented material.
JLab Measurement of the $^4$He Charge Form Factor at Large Momentum Transfers
Creators: name: Camsonne, A.
name: Katramatou, A. T.
name: Olson, M.
name: Sparveris, N.
name: Acha, A.
name: Allada, K.
name: Anderson, B. D.
name: Arrington, J.
name: Baldwin, A.
name: Chen, J. -P.
name: Choi, S.
name: Chudakov, E.
name: Cisbani, E.
name: Craver, B.
name: Decowski, P.
name: Dutta, C.
name: Folts, E.
name: Frullani, S.
name: Garibaldi, F.
name: Gilman, R.
name: Gomez, J.
name: Hahn, B.
name: Hansen, J. -O.
name: Higinbotham, D.
name: Holmstrom, T.
name: Huang, J.
name: Iodice, M.
name: Jiang, X.
name: Kelleher, A.
name: Khrosinkova, E.
name: Kievsky, A.
name: Kuchina, E.
name: Kumbartzki, G.
name: Lee, B.
name: LeRose, J. J.
name: Lindgren, R. A.
name: Lott, G.
name: Lu, H.
name: Marcucci, L. E.
name: Margaziotis, D. J.
name: Markowitz, P.
name: Marrone, S.
name: Meekins, D.
name: Meziani, Z. -E.
name: Michaels, R.
name: Moffit, B.
name: Norum, B.
name: Petratos, G. G.
name: Puckett, A.
name: Qian, X.
name: Rondon, O.
name: Saha, A.
name: Sawatzky, B.
name: Segal, J.
name: Shabestari, M.
name: Shahinyan, A.
name: Solvignon, P.
name: Subedi, R. R.
name: Suleiman, R.
name: Sulkosky, V.
name: Urciuoli, G. M.
name: Viviani, M.
name: Wang, Y.
name: Wojtsekhowski, B. B.
name: Yan, X.
name: Yao, H.
name: Zhang, W. -M.
name: Zheng, X.
name: Zhu, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The charge form factor of $^$4He has been extracted in the range 29 fm$^{-2}$ $\le Q^2 \le 77$ fm$^{-2}$ from elastic electron scattering, detecting $^4$He nuclei and electrons in coincidence with the High Resolution Spectrometers of the Hall A Facility of Jefferson Lab. The results are in qualitative agreement with realistic meson-nucleon theoretical calculations. The data have uncovered a second diffraction minimum, which was predicted in the $Q^2$ range of this experiment, and rule out conclusively long-standing predictions of dimensional scaling of high-energy amplitudes using quark counting.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
title: Perspectives of young people in residential care on their multilocal residency settings
Creators: name: Schmid, Thomas
name: Kindler, Tobias
name: Osswald, Jana
name: Fellmann, Lukas
name: Köngeter, Stefan
name: Schaffner, Dorothee
name: Zellner, Carole
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Spatial Belonging
subject: 360 - Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste, Versicherungen

description: Background: In the field of child and youth care research, our understanding of the living conditions of young people in care is limited. Specifically, previous research has overlooked the fact that many children and young people in residential care may have multiple residences, in addition to their placement. Research questions: In order to fill this gap in research, our study draws on two theoretical frameworks – the Personal Life Theory developed by Carole Smart in 2007 and the perspective on housing as a complex social and pedagogical issue put forth by Miriam Meuth in 2018. The objective of the research is to examine the living arrangements and evaluations of (multiple) residences by young individuals in residential care. Therefore, the following research questions were addressed: (1) What specific living arrangements do young people in residential care have? (2) How do they evaluate their place(s) of residence in terms of emotional, physical and activity dimensions? (3) How do the various residential settings differ in the perspective of the young people? Methods: Drawing on a quantitative cross-sectional research design, young people living in residential care settings in the German-speaking part of Switzerland were invited to participate in an online survey that included innovative scales to measure their multiple residency settings. The final sample consisted of 563 young people from 90 different organizations and 15 cantons. Descriptive statistics and analyses of variance were used to answer the research questions. Results: The results show that only 17 percent of respondents live exclusively in a residential care facility. 45 percent live in one additional place, and another 38 percent live in two or more additional places (e.g., with parents, relatives, or friends). While the ratings of their places of residence varied significantly by location, residential care facilities were rated lowest on all three emotional, physical, and activity dimensions. Conclusions: This study is the first to use a quantitative approach to empirically illustrate Smart and Meuth's arguments. The results show that many young people, particularly those living in residential care, do indeed feel attached to multiple places of residence. Therefore, in order to better identify and address the different types of disadvantages faced by young people in residential care, the findings can provide valuable suggestions for improving residential care services as a specific place of residence. Our presentations conclusion will discuss further implications for both theoretical research and practical applications in the field of out of home care.