cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Wavelet Scattering Regression of Quantum Chemical Energies
Creators: name: Hirn, Matthew
name: Mallat, Stéphane
name: Poilvert, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 42C40, 42C15, 62J02, 62P35, 70F10, 81Q05, 41A05, 41A63

description: We introduce multiscale invariant dictionaries to estimate quantum chemical energies of organic molecules, from training databases. Molecular energies are invariant to isometric atomic displacements, and are Lipschitz continuous to molecular deformations. Similarly to density functional theory (DFT), the molecule is represented by an electronic density function. A multiscale invariant dictionary is calculated with wavelet scattering invariants. It cascades a first wavelet transform which separates scales, with a second wavelet transform which computes interactions across scales. Sparse scattering regressions give state of the art results over two databases of organic planar molecules. On these databases, the regression error is of the order of the error produced by DFT codes, but at a fraction of the computational cost.
description: Replaces arXiv:1502.02077. v2: Minor clarifications, additions, and typo corrections. v3: Minor edits. Software to reproduce the numerical results is available at: https://github.com/matthew-hirn/ScatNet-QM-2D
Hysteretic magnetoresistance and unconventional anomalous Hall effect in the frustrated magnet TmB_4
Creators: name: Sunku, Sai Swaroop
name: Kong, Tai
name: Ito, Toshimitsu
name: Canfield, Paul C.
name: Shastry, B. Sriram
name: Sengupta, Pinaki
name: Panagopoulos, Christos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study TmB_4, a frustrated magnet on the Archimedean Shastry-Sutherland lattice, through magnetization and transport experiments. The lack of anisotropy in resistivity shows that TmB_4 is an electronically three-dimensional system. The magnetoresistance (MR) is hysteretic at low-temperature even though a corresponding hysteresis in magnetization is absent. The Hall resistivity shows unconventional anomalous Hall effect (AHE) and is linear above saturation despite a large MR. We propose that complex structures at magnetic domain walls may be responsible for the hysteretic MR and may also lead to the AHE.
Mapping of Hydrogen Bond Energies in EFG Silicon Samples by Analysis of Spatially Resolved Minority Charge Carrier Lifetimes after Annealing Steps
Creators: name: Karzel, P.
name: Junge, J.
name: Hahn, G.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 2023-2027
description: Inspired by investigations on the average bond energies of hydrogen on various defect sites in silicon wafers a
new method to determine these bond energies in a spatially resolved way was developed. This knowledge is useful for a
better understanding of the hydrogenation process in defect-rich materials. Beyond that it serves to gain information about
defect distributions especially in multicrystalline silicon material: as the bond energies of hydrogen depend on the defect
type, mapping of the bond energies in principle permits to draw conclusions concerning the distribution of defects in
multicrystalline silicon wafers.
The method is based on minority charge carrier lifetime measurements by μ-PCD (microwave-detected
PhotoConductance Decay). A hydrogen-passivated EFG (Edge-defined Film-fed Growth) silicon sample is heated in a RTP
(Rapid Thermal Processing) oven for one second at a specific temperature. Afterwards the minority carrier lifetime is
measured and the wafer is exposed to the next temperature step (again one second but at a higher temperature). This is
repeated until all hydrogen has left the sample and no significant further decrease in lifetime can be detected. From the
lifetime decrease after the different temperature steps the bond energies of hydrogen in EFG samples can be calculated with
the same resolution as the lifetime measurements. Provided a direct correlation between extracted bond energy and defect
type can be established the different bond energies can be attributed to the different defect types. With that a fast and cost
effective method to examine defect distributions spatially resolved is available, particularly on large area wafers.
It could be shown that in EFG material regions with different hydrogen bond energies exist.
Kontruksi Peran Kepemimpinan Transformasional Kepala Sekolah Berbasis Budaya Lonto Leok dalam Penguatan Karakter Siswa
Creators: name: Rustan Effendi, Yulius
name: Sahertian, Pieter
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Anthropology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Education
subject: 130103 Higher Education
subject: FOS: Educational sciences
subject: 130106 Secondary Education
subject: Sociology

description: This study aims to describe implementing local cultural moral values that have not been prioritized by the Indonesian Ministry of Education, as the standard values of the main character in schools. In addition, this study also describes the transformational leadership behavior of school principals, based on a local culture-based approach. This research uses a qualitative approach, a case study design. Data collection was carried out through in- depth interviews, participant observation, and documentation study to achieve the research objectives. Data analysis used a modified analytical analysis method. Meanwhile, the data validity measurement was based on the level of credibility, transferability, dependability, and confirmability. The results of the study explain that the moral values of local culture support the strengthening of student character, and the application of transformational leadership based on a local cultural approach is very effective in optimizing the implementation of character education strengthening programs. This research was conducted in 2020 - 2021, at State Junior High School 1, Catholic Private Junior High School, and Islamic Private Junior High School in West Flores, East Indonesia.
Estimating the interaction graph of stochastic neural dynamics
Creators: name: Duarte, A.
name: Galves, A.
name: Löcherbach, E.
name: Ost, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper we address the question of statistical model selection for a class of stochastic models of biological neural nets. Models in this class are systems of interacting chains with memory of variable length. Each chain describes the activity of a single neuron, indicating whether it spikes or not at a given time. The spiking probability of a given neuron depends on the time evolution of its presynaptic neurons since its last spike time. When a neuron spikes, its potential is reset to a resting level and postsynaptic current pulses are generated, modifying the membrane potential of all its postsynaptic neurons. The relationship between a neuron and its pre- and postsynaptic neurons defines an oriented graph, the interaction graph of the model. The goal of this paper is to estimate this graph based on the observation of the spike activity of a finite set of neurons over a finite time. We provide explicit exponential upper bounds for the probabilities of under- and overestimating the interaction graph restricted to the observed set and obtain the strong consistency of the estimator. Our result does not require stationarity nor uniqueness of the invariant measure of the process.
description: 2 figure
Analysis of Luminescence Images Applying Pattern Recognition Techniques
Creators: name: Demant, M.
name: Glatthaar, M.
name: Haunschild, J.
name: Rein, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1078-1082
description: In this paper we present a novel method to describe the quality of multi-crystalline as-cut wafer based
on photoluminescence imaging (PL). PL has a high potential to detect efficiency relevant defects already on as-cut
wafers. Defects that can be detected are for instance crystal dislocations and contaminations from iron precipitates or
the crystallization crucible. We present reliable image processing algorithms to detect and quantify quality features
related to specific defects. For an interpretable presentation the quality features are combined in a histogram. We
show that the histogram contains a large fraction of the physically relevant information to predict the open circuit
voltage of the finished solar cells by an artificial neural network. This proves that the features can be used to
establish a meaningful rating of the wafer quality.
Squeezing the halo bispectrum: a test of bias models
Creators: name: Dizgah, Azadeh Moradinezhad
name: Chan, Kwan Chuen
name: Noreña, Jorge
name: Biagetti, Matteo
name: Desjacques, Vincent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the halo-matter cross bispectrum in the presence of primordial non-Gaussianity of the local type. We restrict ourselves to the squeezed limit, for which the calculation are straightforward, and perform the measurements in the initial conditions of N-body simulations, to mitigate the contamination induced by nonlinear gravitational evolution. Interestingly, the halo-matter cross bispectrum is not trivial even in this simple limit as it is strongly sensitive to the scale-dependence of the quadratic and third-order halo bias. Therefore, it can be used to test biasing prescriptions. We consider three different prescription for halo clustering: excursion set peaks (ESP), local bias and a model in which the halo bias parameters are explicitly derived from a peak-background split. In all cases, the model parameters are fully constrained with statistics other than the cross bispectrum. We measure the cross bispectrum involving one halo fluctuation field and two mass overdensity fields for various halo masses and collapse redshifts. We find that the ESP is in reasonably good agreement with the numerical data, while the other alternatives we consider fail in various cases. This suggests that the scale-dependence of halo bias also is a crucial ingredient to the squeezed limit of the halo bispectrum.
Interaction between mountain waves and shear flow in an inertial layer
Creators: name: Xie, Jin-Han
name: Vanneste, Jacques
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 76U05, 76B15

description: Mountain-generated inertia-gravity waves (IGWs) affect the dynamics of both the atmosphere and the ocean through the mean force they exert as they interact with the flow. A key to this interaction is the presence of critical-level singularities or, when planetary rotation is taken into account, inertial-level singularities, where the Doppler-shifted wave frequency matches the local Coriolis frequency. We examine the role of the latter singularities by studying the steady wavepacket generated by a multiscale mountain in a rotating linear shear flow at low Rossby number. Using a combination of WKB and saddle-point approximations, we provide an explicit description of the form of the wavepacket, of the mean forcing it induces, and of the mean-flow response. We identify two distinguished regimes of wave propagation: Regime I applies far enough from a dominant inertial level for the standard ray-tracing approximation to be valid; Regime II applies to a thin region where the wavepacket structure is controlled by the inertial-level singularities. The wave--mean-flow interaction is governed by the change in Eliassen--Palm (or pseudomomentum) flux. This change is localised in a thin inertial layer where the wavepacket takes a limiting form of that found in Regime II. We solve a quasi-geostrophic potential-vorticity equation forced by the divergence of the Eliassen--Palm flux to compute the wave-induced mean flow. Our results, obtained in an inviscid limit, show that the wavepacket reaches a large-but-finite distance downstream of the mountain (specifically, a distance of order $k_*^{1/2} Δ^{3/2}$, where $k_*^{-1}$ and $Δ$ measure the wave and envelope scales of the mountain) and extends horizontally over a similar scale.
description: 26 pages, 8 figures
The Standard Model Higgs as the origin of the hot Big Bang
Creators: name: Figueroa, Daniel G.
name: Byrnes, Christian T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: If the Standard Model (SM) Higgs is weakly coupled to the inflationary sector, the Higgs is expected to be universally in the form of a condensate towards the end of inflation. The Higgs decays rapidly after inflation - via non-perturbative effects - into an out-of-equilibrium distribution of SM species, which thermalize soon afterwards. If the post-inflationary equation of state of the universe is stiff, $w \simeq +1$, the SM species eventually dominate the total energy budget. This provides a natural origin for the relativistic thermal plasma of SM species, required for the onset of the `hot Big Bang' era. The viability of this scenario requires the inflationary Hubble scale $H_*$ to be lower than the instability scale for Higgs vacuum decay, the Higgs not to generate too large curvature perturbations at cosmological scales, and the SM dominance to occur before Big Bang Nucleosynthesis. We show that successful reheating into the SM can only be obtained in the presence of a non-minimal coupling to gravity $ξ\gtrsim 1$, with a reheating temperature of $T_{\rm RH} \gtrsim \mathcal{O}(10^{10})ξ^{3/2}(H_*/10^{14}{\rm GeV})^2~{\rm GeV}$.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures, minor changes with new figures to match published version in PLB
The role of mobile health technologies in promoting COVID-19 prevention
Creators: name: Katusiime, Jane
name: Tumuhimbise, Wilson
name: Godfrey, Mugyenyi R
name: Kobutungi, Phionah
name: Mugaba, Aaron
name: Zender, Raphael
name: Pinkwart, Niels
name: Musiimenta, Angella
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: coronavirus disease 2019 prevention
subject: mHealth
subject: technology adoption
subject: intervention effectiveness
subject: 613 Persönliche Gesundheit und Sicherheit

description: Background: Researchers have found innovative ways of using mobile health (mHealth) technologies to prevent the spread of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). However, fewer studies have been done to determine their adoption and effectiveness. Objective: This review summarises the published evidence on the effect of mHealth technologies on the adoption of COVID-19 preventive measures, prevention knowledge acquisition and risk perception as well as technology adoption features for COVID-19 prevention. Methods: PubMed, IEEE and Google Scholar databases were searched for peer-reviewed literature from 1 January 2020 to 31 March 2022 for studies that evaluated the effect of mHealth technologies on COVID-19 preventive measures adoption, prevention knowledge acquisition and risk perception. Thirteen studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this review. All the included studies were checked for quality using the mHealth evidence reporting and assessment (mERA) checklist. Results: The review found out that the utilisation of mHealth interventions such as alert text messages, tracing apps and social media platforms was associated with adherence behaviour such as wearing masks, washing hands and using sanitisers, maintaining social distance and avoiding crowded places. The use of contact tracing was linked to low-risk perception as users considered themselves well informed about their status and less likely to pose transmission risks compared to non-users. Privacy and security issues, message personalisation and frequency, technical issues and trust concerns were identified as technology adoption features that influence the use of mHealth technologies for promoting COVID-19 prevention. Conclusion: Utilisation of mHealth may be a feasible and effective way to prevent the spread of COVID-19. However, the small study samples and short study periods prevent generalisation of the findings and calls for larger, longitudinal studies that encompass diverse study settings.
On unitary reconstruction of linear optical networks
Creators: name: Tillmann, Max
name: Schmidt, Christian
name: Walther, Philip
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Linear optical elements are pivotal instruments in the manipulation of classical and quantum states of light. The vast progress in integrated quantum photonic technology enables the implementation of large numbers of such elements on chip while providing interferometric stability. As a trade-off these structures face the intrinsic challenge of characterizing their optical transformation as individual optical elements are not directly accessible. Thus the unitary transformation needs to be reconstructed from a dataset generated with having access to the input and output ports of the device only. Here we present a novel approach to unitary reconstruction that significantly improves upon existing approaches. We compare its performance to several approaches via numerical simulations for networks up to 14 modes. We show that an adapted version of our approach allows to recover all mode-dependent losses and to obtain highest reconstruction fidelities under such conditions.
Bulk Minority Carrier Lifetime from Luminescence Intensity Ratios Measured on Silicon Bricks
Creators: name: Trupke, T.
name: Mitchell, B.
name: Weber, J.W.
name: Nyhus, J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1307-1311
description: Bulk lifetime measurements on silicon bricks based on the ratio of two photoluminescence images taken
with different spectral filters in front of the camera are demonstrated. This new method allows bulk lifetime to be measured
with high lateral spatial resolution and with measurement times that are compatible with production throughput. Compared to
a previous photoluminescence imaging measurement technique that is based on the analysis of the absolute luminescence
intensity in a single luminescence image the methodology presented here is advantageous as it does not require a separate
resistivity measurement for normalisation of the measured luminescence intensity and avoids related experimental
inaccuracies. Since this new method relies on the analysis of an intensity ratio between two luminescence measurements it is
also less sensitive to long term drifts in experimental parameters such as the intensity or uniformity of the external
illumination. Experimental results on industrial boron doped multicrystalline silicon brick are presented and compared to
experimental data from previous studies.
Inverse Magnetic Catalysis in Nambu--Jona-Lasinio Model beyond Mean Field
Creators: name: Mao, Shijun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study inverse magnetic catalysis in the Nambu--Jona-Lasinio model beyond mean field approximation. The feed-down from mesons to quarks is embedded in an effective coupling constant at finite temperature and magnetic field. While the magnetic catalysis is still the dominant effect at low temperature, the meson dressed quark mass drops down with increasing magnetic field at high temperature due to the dimension reduction of the Goldstone mode in the Pauli-Villars regularization scheme.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures
Roulettes: A weak lensing formalism for strong lensing - II. Derivation and analysis
Creators: name: Clarkson, Chris
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a new extension of the weak lensing formalism capable of describing strongly lensed images. This paper accompanies Paper I, arXiv:1603.04698 where we provided a condensed overview of the approach and illustrated how it works. Here we give all the necessary details, together with some more explicit examples. We solve the non-linear geodesic deviation equation order-by-order, keeping the leading derivatives of the optical tidal matrix, giving rise to a series of maps from which a complete strongly lensed image is formed. The family of maps are decomposed by separating the trace and trace-free parts of each map. Each trace-free tensor represents an independent spin mode, which distort circles into a variety of roulettes in the screen-space. It is shown how summing this series expansion allows us to create large strongly lensed images in regions where convergence, shear and flexion are not sufficient. This paper is a detailed exposition of Paper I which presents the key elements of the subject matter in a wider context.
description: 25 pages, 9 pages. v3 has minor changes to match published version. Paper I available at arXiv:1603.04698
On the Relationship Between Spectral Reflectance and Working Temperature of PV Modules
Creators: name: Silva, J.P.
name: Balenzategui, J.L.
name: Nieto, M.B.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2861-2864
description: Working temperature of PV modules is a parameter of major interest due to its influence on the efficiency, power and current provided by the device and on the yearly performance of PV plants. Module temperature is influenced both by internal factors and by external operating conditions. One of these factors is the reflectance of the front size of the module. The purpose of this work is to research into the relationship between (spectral and/or integrated) reflectance values of the surface and the comparative values of PV modules working temperatures belonging to commercially available technologies. Reflectance values are collected in different spectral ranges in order to analyze which spectral region (visible, near-infrared, far-infrared) has more influence on the thermal behaviour of the module. Notice that existing thermal models usually manage reflectance as a numeric factor with no spectral dependence taken into account. The work presents a wide analysis comparing current PV module spectral reflectance values, so PV module performance may be explained in terms of non reflected spectral irradiance which is transformed into electrical current inside the cells.
Analytik, Stabilität und Biotransformation von Spinsonden sowie deren Einsatz im Rahmen pharmazeutisch-technologischer und biopharmazeutischer Untersuchungen
Creators: name: Kroll, Christian
Publisher: name: Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät I
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Nitroxide
subject: ESR
subject: Chromatographie
subject: Biotransformation
subject: nitroxide
subject: esr
subject: chromatography
subject: metabolism
subject: 540 Chemie
subject: 30 Chemie
subject: VG 9707
subject: VS 5307

description: Im Mittelpunkt der vorliegenden Arbeit stehen Untersuchungen zur Analytik, Stabilität und Metabolisierung von Nitroxylradikalen, unter besonderer Berücksichtigung Ihrer Anwendung als ESR-Spinsonden im Rahmen der Bearbeitung pharmazeutisch-technologischer und biopharmazeutischer Fragestellungen. Neben der Entwicklung und Adaptierung geeigneter analytischer Methoden waren dabei Stabilitätsfragen unter den Bedingungen ihres Einsatzes, die Stabilität von Reaktionsprodukten und Metaboliten, das elektrochemische und chemische Reduktionsverhalten sowie die Biotransformation du rch Mikroorganismen, in subzellulären Fraktionen der Leber und in humanen Zellkulturen von besonderem Interesse. Als wichtigste Ergebnisse dieser Arbeit sind: (i) bisher unbekannte Metaboliten (wie z.B. sekundäreAmine) identifiziert, (ii) der Erkenntnisstand zu den Mechanismen der Biotransformation dieser stabilen Radikale erweitert, (iii) methodische Fortschritte wie die Entwicklung einer On-line HPLC-ESR-Kopplung und bei der Anwendung der Festphasenmikroextraktion (SPME) erreicht, (iv) die ESR als Methode für nichtinvasive Messungen des pH-Wertes und für die Erfassung der Stabilität und Hautpenetration von Liposomen erschlossen worden.
description: The present thesis was focused on the investigation of analytic, stability and metabolism of nitroxyl radicals used as esr spin probes in pharmaceutical, technological and biopharmaceutical applications. New analytical methods were developed and adapted for nitroxides and diamagnetic products. The stability of nitroxides was analysed and reaction products were cleared up. Furthermore there were in vestigated the electrochemical and chemical behaviour of reduction as well as the biotransformation by microorganisms, in subcellular liver fractions and in human cell cultures. The main results of this document are presented in the following: (i) the appearance of new dia- and paramagnetic metabolites (e.g. secondary amines), (ii) the latest findings about metabolic mechanisms of stable nitroxyl radicals, (iii) the development of online HPLC-ESR-couppling technique and the application of solid phase microextraction (SPME) as the greatest acquisition, (iv) the advantage of ESR technique for noninvasive measurement of pH and to register the stability and penetration of liposomes through skin layers.
Doping Concentration and Mobility in Compensated Material: Comparison of Different Determination Methods
Creators: name: Broisch, J.
name: Kwapil, W.
name: Reis, I.
name: Rein, S.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Silicon Feedstock, Crystallisation and Wafering

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1322-1327
description: Determination of dopant concentrations and mobilities is highly relevant for compensated silicon
materials but crucial as standard models and standard methods fail due to the presence of multiple dopant species.
Thus, an alternative method for direct determination of the net doping concentration p0 is presented, which is based
on measurements of the free carrier absorption (FCA) with the help of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy
(FTIR) and enables the majority carrier conductivity mobilities to be determined purely experimentally. Using a set
of p-type FZ-silicon samples with a wide range of base resistivities, accuracy of the FTIR-FCA method for
determining p0 and of the iron-boron pairing association time method for determining the total boron concentration
are evaluated in depth and found to be highly satisfactory. These methods are applied to a set of samples from three
compensated silicon crystals, with large differences in the dopant concentrations and the compensation ratio.
Measurements of the dopant concentrations and the majority carrier conductivity mobilities as a function of ingot
position indicate that the Klaassen mobility model is a good description for the conductivity mobility in compensated
p-type silicon for a wide range of dopant concentrations.
More Utility of Photovoltaic Module in Thailand
Creators: name: Chumpolrat, K.
name: Nualboonrueng, T.
name: Sichanugrist, P.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2850-2851
description: The efficiency of photovoltaic cell is decrease due to its temperature rising. To reduce this loss, the heat generated is extracted for utility. The medium can be air or water. Higher outlet fluid temperature causes more module efficiency but less PV efficiency. Thus, the application for this useless heat should be low-medium temperature. In Thailand, the amorphous silicon photovoltaic modules are used to generated electricity and hot water for many applications. Its efficiency can reach up to 40% more than the normal one. To adapt the structure of normal PV module with heat extracting unit, it causes more initial cost but less payback period or better economics than the PV module only.
Ion velocity distribution functions in argon and helium discharges: detailed comparison of numerical simulation results and experimental data
Creators: name: Wang, Huihui
name: Sukhomlinov, Vladimir S
name: Kaganovich, Igor D
name: Mustafaev, Alexander S
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using Monte Carlo Collisions (MCC) method, we have performed simulations of ion velocity distribution functions (IVDF) taking into account both elastic collisions and charge exchange collisions of ions with atoms in uniform electric fields for argon and helium background gases. The simulation results are verified by comparison with the experiment data of the ion drift velocities and the ion transverse diffusion coefficients in argon and helium. The recently published experimental data for the first seven coefficients of the Legendre polynomial expansion of the ion energy and angular distribution functions are used to validate simulation results for IVDF. Good agreements between measured and simulated IVDFs show that the developed simulation model can be used for accurate calculations of IVDFs.
description: Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 26 (2017) 024002
Distinct surface and bulk charge density waves in ultrathin 1T-TaS2
Creators: name: He, Rui
name: Okamoto, Junichi
name: Ye, Zhipeng
name: Ye, Gaihua
name: Anderson, Heidi
name: Dai, Xia
name: Wu, Xianxin
name: Hu, Jiangping
name: Liu, Yu
name: Lu, Wenjian
name: Sun, Yuping
name: Pasupathy, Abhay N.
name: Tsen, Adam W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We employ low-frequency Raman spectroscopy to study the nearly commensurate (NC) to commensurate (C) charge density wave (CDW) transition in 1T-TaS2 ultrathin flakes protected from oxidation. We identify new modes originating from C phase CDW phonons that are distinct from those seen in bulk 1T-TaS2. We attribute these to CDW modes from the surface layers. By monitoring individual modes with temperature, we find that surfaces undergo a separate, low-hysteresis NC-C phase transition that is decoupled from the transition in the bulk layers. This indicates the activation of a secondary phase nucleation process in the limit of weak interlayer interaction, which can be understood from energy considerations.
Cosmological singularity theorems for $f(R)$ gravity theories
Creators: name: Alani, Ivo
name: Santillan, Osvaldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In the present work some generalizations of the Hawking singularity theorems in the context of $f(R)$ theories are presented. The assumptions are of these generalized theorems is that the matter fields satisfy the conditions $\bigg(T_{ij}-\frac{g_{ij}}{2} T\bigg)k^i k^j\geq 0$ for any generic unit time like field, that the scalaron takes bounded positive values during its evolution, and that the resulting space time is globally hyperbolic. Then, if there exist a Cauchy hyper surface $Σ$ for which the expansion parameter $θ$ of the geodesic congruence emanating orthogonally from $Σ$ satisfies some specific conditions, it may be shown that the resulting space time is geodesically incomplete. Some mathematical results of reference \cite{fewster} are very important for proving this. The generalized theorems presented here apply directly some specific models such as the Hu-Sawicki or Starobinsky ones \cite{especif3}, \cite{capoziello4}. However, for other scenarios, some extra assumptions should be implemented for the geodesic incompleteness to take place. However, the negation of the hypothesis of these results does not necessarily imply that a singularity is absent, but that other mathematical results should be considered to prove that.
description: An improved version is published in JCAP 05 (2016) 023
Fabrication of SiN Rear Passivated Thin Multi-Crystalline Silicon Solar Cell with 30μm-Wide Screen-Printed Front Electrode
Creators: name: Ozaki, R.
name: Yashiki, H.
name: Imai, R.
name: Ooka, S.
name: Kurimoto, Y.
name: Yamasaki, I.
name: Yamamoto, Y.
name: Saga, T.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1175-1178
description: Along with thinning of silicon substrate, the bowing of substrate and the reduction of short-circuit
current density (Jsc) become serious for solar cell with Al paste printed rear side structure. To overcome these
deficits, we applied silicon nitride rear side passivation structure and fine front electrode to thin multi-crystalline
silicon solar cell. We compared I-V characteristics of conventional Al-BSF type and rear side passivation type cells
(size: 100 mm × 100mm). The Jsc of 110 μm thick rear side passivation type cell was higher than that of 140 μm
thick conventional Al-BSF type cell by about 2% and corresponded to the value of 280 μm thick conventional Al-
BSF type cell. The open-circuit voltage (Voc) was also improved. From spectral responses, it became clear that the
improvement of Jsc and Voc was due to rear passivation structure effect as indicated by the response in the long
wavelength region. It is necessary for thin solar cells to apply rear passivation structure and fine front electrode. As
well as improving conversion efficiency, these effects prevented thin solar cell from bowing.
Amorphous/Crystalline Silicon Heterojunction Solar Cells under Intensive Illumination
Creators: name: Wang, Q.
name: Page, M.R.
name: Iwaniczko, E.
name: Xu, Y.-Q.
name: Roybal, L.
name: Duda, A.
name: Hasoon, F.
name: Ward, S.
name: Wang, D.
name: Yu, P.R.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2010
Subjects: Wafer-Based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 25th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition / 5th World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, 6-10 September 2010, Valencia, Spain; 1295-1298
description: We study amorphous/crystalline silicon heterojunction (HJ) solar cells under concentrated light up
to 50 suns. Cell open-circuit voltage increases logarithmically with light intensity and reaches to 760 mV at 48
suns. The change of cell efficiency with light intensity under intense illumination is similar to that of other types
of crystalline Si solar cells. Si HJ cell efficiency peaks around 10 suns at 19.6%, an 11% increase relative to that at
one sun. The decrease in cell efficiency at light intensities higher than 10 suns is mainly due to a decrease in fill
factor (FF). The decrease in FF at high light intensity is attributed to the cell bulk resistance and the type of HJ
emitter used. FF degrades more in the n-type Si-based cell with an amorphous p-layer emitter than in the p-type
Si-based cell with an amorphous n-layer emitter. With optimized emitters and wafer bulk resistance, Si HJ solar
cell performance under concentrated illumination could further increase.
PV Module Peak Power: Comparison Between Manufacturer Data and Laboratory Results
Creators: name: Alonso-Abella, M.
name: Silva, J.P.
name: Fabero, F.
name: Vela, N.
name: Chenlo, F.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2837-2840
description: The Ciemat PV Laboratory usually performs I-V curve measurements of PV modules in order to determine their power and other related characteristic electrical parameters. This paper describes a procedure to perform the peak power control of large provisions of PV modules for big PV power plants. The proposed procedure includes the following steps: initial comparison of measurement results between manufacturer and laboratory considering a sample of at least 10 PV modules in order to check and calibrate power and verify measurement repeatability; sample selection from a given manufacturer batch; sample testing; modification of the manufacturer flash report data for the batch according to the testing results obtained for the sample in the laboratory; application of the conditions provided in the contract of sale signed between the PV module manufacturer and the owner of the PV plant according to the values given by the manufacturer and corrected by the laboratory results. In this work data corresponding to 6,333 PV modules, 140 models from 52 manufacturers, tested by the Ciemat PV laboratory during the last 18 months, are included.
The Stein Strömberg Covering Theorem in metric spaces
Creators: name: Aldaz, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 42B25

description: In \cite{NaTa} Naor and Tao extended to the metric setting the $O(d \log d)$ bounds given by Stein and Strömberg for Lebesgue measure in $\mathbb{R}^d$, deriving these bounds first from a localization result, and second, from a random Vitali lemma. Here we show that the Stein-Strömberg original argument can also be adapted to the metric setting, giving a third proof. We also weaken the hypotheses, and additionally, we sharpen the estimates for Lebesgue measure.
description: 15 pp, minor corrections, To appear J. Math. An. Appl
Stable and Efficient p-Type Multicrystalline Silicon Cells Containing 20 PPMA Interstitial Oxygen
Creators: name: Manshanden, P.
name: Bronsveld, P.C.P.
name: Geerligs, L.J.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2009
Subjects: Wafer-based Silicon Solar Cells and Materials Technology
Mono- and Multicrystalline Silicon Materials and Cells

description: 24th European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference, 21-25 September 2009, Hamburg, Germany; 1148-1150
description: Interstitial oxygen is the most prevalent impurity in crystalline silicon. An upper limit of around 12
ppma [Oi] has long been accepted for multicrystalline solar cells. This paper demonstrates that it is possible to
manufacture solar cells with an efficiency of over 15.4% at 20 ppma interstitial oxygen from commercial
multicrystalline p-type silicon (mc-Si) wafers using ECN standard screen-print process. We also show that 20 ppma
[Oi] wafers can be processed with industrial processing temperatures at least up to 900°C.
Epidemiological Game-theory Dynamics of the co-evolution of Infodemic and Pandemic with Vaccination
Creators: name: Seyifunmi, Owoeye
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
COVID-19 pandemic, a highly infectious disease, has led to unprecedented health and socio-economic crisis worldwide. Accompanied by COVID-19 and its vaccination is an overabundance of misinformation promoting unhealthy practices among individuals. We propose a stratified SIS model incorporating an evolutionary game theoretical framework to help understand the simultaneous progression of pandemic and infodemic when vaccination is available. We consider two domains, disease and information domain, and assume that the information domain consists of the good and bad-behaving individuals. We assume that only the infected individuals with bad information can produce secondary cases of the infection. Findings indicate that the weight of good information does not significantly change the system's dynamics. Instead, it changes the system's stability with low risk requiring a higher weight of good information to arrive at a stable solution of lower infection and higher vaccination. Further, we found that we have an epidemic without misinformation management.
Quantum machine learning over infinite dimensions
Creators: name: Lau, Hoi-Kwan
name: Pooser, Raphael
name: Siopsis, George
name: Weedbrook, Christian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Machine learning is a fascinating and exciting field within computer science. Recently, this excitement has been transferred to the quantum information realm. Currently, all proposals for the quantum version of machine learning utilize the finite-dimensional substrate of discrete variables. Here we generalize quantum machine learning to the more complex, but still remarkably practical, infinite-dimensional systems. We present the critical subroutines of quantum machine learning algorithms for an all-photonic continuous-variable quantum computer that achieve an exponential speedup compared to their equivalent classical counterparts. Finally, we also map out an experimental implementation which can be used as a blueprint for future photonic demonstrations.
description: 9 pages, 1 figure
Deep Learning for Classification of Brain Tumor Histopathological Images
Creators: name: Ifeanyi, Ezuma
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description:
Histopathological image classification has been at the forefront of medical research. We evaluated several deep and non-deep learning models for brain tumor histopathological image classification. The challenges were characterized by an insufficient amount of training data and identical glioma features. We employed transfer learning to tackle these challenges. We also employed some state-of-the-art non-deep learning classifiers on histogram of gradient features extracted from our images, as well as features extracted using CNN activations. Data augmentation was utilized in our study. We obtained an 82% accuracy with DenseNet-201 as our best for the deep learning models and an 83.8% accuracy with ANN for the non-deep learning classifiers. The average of the diagonals of the confusion matrices for each model was calculated as their accuracy. The performance metrics criteria in this study are our models precision in classifying each class and their average classification accuracy. Our result emphasizes the significance of deep learning as an invaluable tool for histopathological image studies.
Rehabilitation Robotics and Machine Learning for Stroke Severity Classification
Creators: name: Raymond, Greenfield
Publisher: name: Georgia State University
Year: 2022

description: 



Stroke therapy is essential to reduce impairments and improve motor movements by engaging autogenous neuroplasticity. This study uses supervised learning methods to address an autonomous classification via stroke severity labeled data by a clinician. Thirty-three patients with chronic stroke performed a variety of rehabilitation activities while utilizing the Motus Nova rehabilitation technology to capture upper and lower body motion. Based on the minimum, maximum, and mean of the range of motion and pressure as well as the number of movements, force flexion, and extension for each game and session provided from the sensor data. Supervised learning methods were applied to a harmonized dataset of roughly 32,000 patient sessions based on the maximum score per session per game. With this approach using light gradient boosting methods we achieved an average of 94% accuracy with 10-fold cross-validation to prevent overfitting. This thesis shows objectively-measured rehabilitation training, enabling the identification of the stroke severity class with the hopes to have patients have a less severe class in the future.


Over the last 10 years robotic rehabilitation has been utilized in inpatient therapy. Robotic rehabilitation has been shown to be effective in improving the severity of stroke in some cases. In particular, robotic devices can be used to help stroke survivors regain movement, improve their functional abilities and improve depression (11). These devices can provide a high level of precision and repeatability, allowing patients to perform ther- apeutic exercises with greater accuracy and consistency (1). Additionally, because robotic devices can be programmed to provide different levels of assistance, they can be tailored to the individual needs of each patient. This allows for a more personalized and effective rehabilitation in-home program (21).
Outdoor Evaluation of the Energy Production of Different Module Technologies
Creators: name: Merten, J.
name: Sicot, L.
name: Delesse, Y.
name: Guérin De Montgareuil, A.
Publisher: name: WIP-Munich
Year: 2008
Subjects: Components for PV Systems
PV Modules

description: 23rd European Photovoltaic Solar Energy Conference and Exhibition, 1-5 September 2008, Valencia, Spain; 2841-2845
description: PV-modules of identical nominal power do not perform equal. This paper examines the irradiance dependence of module performance for wafer based and thin film silicon modules. Technology factors limiting the performance are identified. For this purpose, data from variable illumination measurements (VIM) of the I/V curve are analysed using a modified two diode model. The VIM-method is a simple tool revealing rich information about PV modules. This allowed for a clear separation of five technological key issues determining
the performance of the modules: the rectifying capacity, the second diode, the recombination in the i-layer for amorphous silicon modules, the series and parallel resistances.