cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
PRICE TRANSMISSION THEORY AND APPLICATIONS TO AGROINDUSTRY: AN ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
Creators: name: Schwartz, Lisa A.
name: Willett, Lois Schertz
name: Schwartz, Lisa A.
name: Willett, Lois Schertz
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: This annotated bibliography presents an overview of the price transmission literature and reviews its application to agricultural product markets. The bibliography includes three types of articles: (i) theoretical pieces (early underpinnings through recent developments); (ii) empirical work on price transmission for agricultural products; and (iii) selected articles on specific agricultural products and the food industry. A brief synthesis of the articles is presented in the introduction.
2-D Covariant Affine Integral Quantization(s)
Creators: name: Gazeau, Jean Pierre
name: Koide, Tomoi
name: Murenzi, Romain
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 81R05, 81R30, 81S05, 81S10, 81S30, 81Q20

description: Covariant affine integral quantization is studied and applied to the motion of a particle in a punctured plane R^2_\ast=R^2\{0}, for which the phase space is R^2_\ast=R^2\{0}X R^2. We examine the consequences of different quantizer operators built from weight functions on this phase space. To illustrate the procedure, we examine two examples of weights. The first one corresponds to 2-D coherent state families, while the second one corresponds to the affine inversion in the punctured plane. The later yields the usual canonical quantization and a quasi-probability distribution (2-D affine Wigner function) which is real, marginal in both position and momentum.
description: In the Addendum " Comment on 2-D Covariant Affine Integral Quantization(s)" a few errors have been identified in the article [Adv. Oper. Theory (2020) 5:901-935] and they are corrected. Furthermore, some notations have been modified in order to avoid any confusion
Photodetachment in superintense fields: the problem of stabilization and a role of rescattering wavepacket's fragments
Creators: name: Matulewski, J.
name: Raczynski, A.
name: Zaremba, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Photodetachment in ultrastrong laser field in two spatial dimensions is investigated numerically. The problem of an adiabatic stabilization is discussed, in particular it is shown that a quick drift in the direction of the electric field and a magnetic drift cannot be avoided simultaneously. A qualitative behavior of the packet for a short-range binding potential is contrasted with that for a soft-core potential, in particular dynamical effects due to a rescattering of the fragments separated from the main packet are demonstrated.
description: 14 pages, 7 figures
DECISION MAKING IN MEMBERSHIP ORGANIZATIONS: A Study of Fourteen U.S. Cooperatives
Creators: name: Henehan, Brian M.
name: Anderson, Bruce L.
name: Henehan, Brian M.
name: Anderson, Bruce L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1994
Subjects: Agribusiness

description: Cooperatives are unique business organizations. Many of their unique characteristics have a direct impact on how decisions are arrived at as well as the ultimate decision made. This study reviews current literature on cooperatives and decision making. A decision making model is developed to arrive at a set of provisional hypotheses. Fourteen U.S. agricultural cooperatives were studied through interviews with chief executive officers and chairpersons of the board of directors. The organizations in the sample were selected by volume of business, tenure of executives, successful performance and type of organization. Cooperatives in the sample were larger and on average better endowed with resou rces to focus on making informed decisions than the general population of agricultu ral cooperative in the U.S. Data collected from interviews were analyzed to identify key factors contributing to effective decision making and to test hypotheses. An evaluation of hypotheses produced several conclusions. The ability of members to voice opinions plays a greater role in influencing economic decisions than voting. Agricultural cooperatives have a distinct corporate culture which strongly influences how decisions are made. Complex and diffuse performance measures make arriving at optimal decisions difficult. Boards tend to select altey?~t)ves directly benefiting members at the expense of the cooperative business organization. CEO's in cooperatives probably face a more diverse set of pressures than their counterparts in other types of firms. Decision making in cooperatives tends to be slow. An effective relationship between CEO and Chair is a key factor in successful decision making. Cooperatives tend to have a rather short planning horizon. Agricultural cooperatives tend to be risk averse. Strategic advantages and disadvantages associated with decision making in cooperatives are developed. A set of management strategies aimed at exploiting the advantages and manag ing the disadvantages are presented. The study is exploratory in nature involving a relatively small number of cooperatives. This initial work provides perspective on the unique characteristics of decision making in cooperatives and makes suggestions for further research in this area.
Polar metamaterials: A new outlook on resonance for cloaking applications
Creators: name: Nassar, H.
name: Chen, Y. Y.
name: Huang, G. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotationally resonant metamaterials are leveraged to answer a longstanding question regarding the existence of transformation-invariant elastic materials and the ad-hoc possibility of transformationbased passive cloaking in full plane elastodynamics. Combined with tailored lattice geometries, rotational resonance is found to induce a polar and chiral behavior; that is a behavior lacking stress and mirror symmetries, respectively. The central, and simple, idea is that a population of rotating resonators can exert a density of body torques strong enough to modify the balance of angular momentum on which hang these symmetries. The obtained polar metamaterials are used as building blocks of a cloaking device. Numerical tests show satisfactory cloaking performance under pressure and shear probing waves, further coupled through a free boundary. The work sheds new light on the phenomenon of resonance in metamaterials and should help put transformation elastodynamics on equal footing with transformation acoustics and optics.
An elastoplastic theory of dislocations as a physical field theory with torsion
Creators: name: Lazar, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a static theory of dislocations with moment stress in an anisotropic or isotropic elastoplastical material as a T(3)-gauge theory. We obtain Yang-Mills type field equations which express the force and the moment equilibrium. Additionally, we discuss several constitutive laws between the dislocation density and the moment stress. For a straight screw dislocation, we find the stress field which is modified near the dislocation core due to the appearance of moment stress. For the first time, we calculate the localized moment stress, the Nye tensor, the elastoplastic energy and the modified Peach-Koehler force of a screw dislocation in this framework. Moreover, we discuss the straightforward analogy between a screw dislocation and a magnetic vortex. The dislocation theory in solids is also considered as a three-dimensional effective theory of gravity.
description: 38 pages, 6 figures, RevTex
MOESM3 of Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma
Creators: name: Kubicek, Christian
name: Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo
name: Seidl-Seiboth, Verena
name: Martinez, Diego
name: Druzhinina, Irina
name: Thon, Michael
name: Zeilinger, Susanne
name: Casas-Flores, Sergio
name: Horwitz, Benjamin
name: Prasun Mukherjee
name: Mukherjee, Mala
name: Kredics, László
name: Alcaraz, Luis
name: Aerts, Andrea
name: Antal, Zsuzsanna
name: Atanasova, Lea
name: Cervantes-Badillo, Mayte
name: Challacombe, Jean
name: Chertkov, Olga
name: McCluskey, Kevin
name: Coulpier, Fanny
name: Deshpande, Nandan
name: Döhren, Hans Von
name: Ebbole, Daniel
name: Esquivel-Naranjo, Edgardo
name: Fekete, Erzsébet
name: Flipphi, Michel
name: Glaser, Fabian
name: Gómez-Rodríguez, Elida
name: Gruber, Sabine
name: Han, Cliff
name: Henrissat, Bernard
name: Hermosa, Rosa
name: Hernández-Oñate, Miguel
name: Karaffa, Levente
name: Kosti, Idit
name: Crom, Stéphane Le
name: Lindquist, Erika
name: Lucas, Susan
name: Lübeck, Mette
name: Lübeck, Peter
name: Margeot, Antoine
name: Metz, Benjamin
name: Misra, Monica
name: Nevalainen, Helena
name: Omann, Markus
name: Packer, Nicolle
name: Perrone, Giancarlo
name: Uresti-Rivera, Edith
name: Salamov, Asaf
name: Schmoll, Monika
name: Seiboth, Bernhard
name: Shapiro, Harris
name: Sukno, Serenella
name: Tamayo-Ramos, Juan
name: Tisch, Doris
name: Wiest, Aric
name: Wilkinson, Heather
name: Zhang, Michael
name: Coutinho, Pedro
name: Kenerley, Charles
name: Monte, Enrique
name: Baker, Scott
name: Grigoriev, Igor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Figures that illustrate selected aspects of the main text. Figure S1 provides a phylogeny of Trichoderma NPRSs. Figure S2 compares the numbers of epoxide hydrolase genes in Trichoderma with that in other fungi. Figure S3 compares the codon usage in genes from syntenic and nonsyntenic regions of the genomes of Trichoderma reesei, T. atroviride and T. virens. (DOC 568 KB)
FEED GRAINS AND MEAT PRODUcnON IN VENEZUElA.
Creators: name: Marrero, Fernando
name: Kyle, Steven C.
name: Lee, David R.
name: Marrero, Fernando
name: Kyle, Steven C.
name: Lee, David R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Crop Production/Industries
Livestock Production/Industries

description: This paper presents a description and analysis of the Venezuela feed grain and meat sectors from 1958 to the present time. Government policies toward these sectors are described and elasticities of supply and demand are estimated in order to provide a basis for predicting the effects of policy changes.
Why engineers are right to avoid the quantum reality offered by the orthodox theory?
Creators: name: Oriols, X.
name: Ferry, D. K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A proper knowledge of the reality of a physical theory is important to get an understanding of empirical phenomena. Despite its extraordinary predictive successes, the orthodox (also known as the Copenhagen) theory provides an indigestible definition of quantum reality: objects (such as electrons) become part of a nebulous many-particle wave function with no properties at all, unless the property is explicitly measured. To make matters worse, orthodox theory does not define measurements in a clear way. This view of reality is foreign to most modern engineers who assume that quantum objects, like classical objects, always have real properties, independent of any measurement. Despite being contrary to the orthodox theory, the intuition of engineers is not in conflict with other quantum theories, where the observer plays no fundamental role. Good quantum intuition needs to be based on a correct knowledge of the fundamental elements of the quantum theory that is being used. We argue that engineers are actually led to the natural quantum reality offered by these alternative approaches.
description: 6 pages and 2 figures
The Average Kinetic Energy of the Superconducting State
Creators: name: Doria, Mauro M.
name: Salem-Sugui, S.
name: de Oliveira, I. G.
name: Ghivelder, L.
name: Brandt, E. H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Isothermal magnetization curves are plotted as the magnetization times the magnetic induction, $4 πM \cdot B$, versus the applied field, H. We show here that this new curve is the average kinetic energy of the superconducting state versus the applied field, for type-II superconductors with a high Ginzburg-Landau parameter $κ$. The maximum of $4 πM \cdot B$ occurs at a field, $H^{*}$, directly related to the upper critical field, $H_{c2}$, suggesting that $H_{c2}(T)$ may be extracted from such plots even in cases when it is too high for direct measurement. We obtain these plots both theoretically, from the Ginzburg-Landau theory, and experimentally, using a Niobium sample with $T_c = 8.5 K$, and compare them.
description: 11 pages, 9 postscript figures
A SURVEY OF ECONOMIC MODELS OF THE DAIRY INDUSTRY
Creators: name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
name: Kaiser, Harry M.
name: Blayney, Donald P.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: Livestock Production/Industries

description: The purpose of this report is to catalog, describe, and provide information concerning existing models of the dairy sector. Many types of dairy models are listed in this report. The models vary by geographic aggregation (e.g., farm, state, regional, national, and international levels), time dimension (e.g., comparative static, annual, quarterly, monthly, weekly, daily specifications), principal application (e.g., Federal Milk Marketing Order, dairy price support program, operations analysis, etc.), computer requirements (mainframe vs. micro-computer, DOS vs. Apple), ease of use, i.e., "user friendliness," and other dimensions. The report should be useful for individuals interested in the dairy industry, public policy, or quantitative methods.
Multigrid solvers for multipoint flux approximations of the Darcy problem on rough quadrilateral grids
Creators: name: Arrarás, Andrés
name: Gaspar, Francisco J.
name: Portero, Laura
name: Rodrigo, Carmen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 65F10, 65N22, 65N55, 76S05

description: In this work, an efficient blackbox-type multigrid method is proposed for solving multipoint flux approximations of the Darcy problem on logically rectangular grids. The approach is based on a cell-centered multigrid algorithm, which combines a piecewise constant interpolation and the restriction operator by Wesseling/Khalil with a line-wise relaxation procedure. A local Fourier analysis is performed for the case of a Cartesian uniform grid. The method shows a robust convergence for different full tensor coefficient problems and several rough quadrilateral grids.
ALMA evidence for ram pressure compression and stripping of molecular gas in the Virgo cluster galaxy NGC 4402
Creators: name: Cramer, William J.
name: Kenney, Jeffrey D. P.
name: Cortes, Juan R.
name: Cortes, Paulo C.
name: Vlahakis, Catherine
name: Jáchym, Pavel
name: Pompei, Emanuela
name: Rubio, Monica
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: High resolution (1'' $\times$ 2'') ALMA CO(2-1) observations of the ram pressure stripped galaxy NGC 4402 in the Virgo cluster show some of the clearest evidence yet for the impacts of ram pressure on the molecular ISM of a galaxy. The eastern side of the galaxy at $r \sim 4.5$ kpc, upon which ram pressure is incident, has a large (width $\sim$1 kpc, height $\sim$1 kpc above the disk midplane) extraplanar plume of molecular gas and dust. Molecular gas in the plume region shows distinct non-circular motions in the direction of the ram pressure; the kinematic offset of up to 60 km s$^{-1}$ is consistent with acceleration by ram pressure. We also detect a small amount of gas in clouds below the plume that are spatially and kinematically distinct from the surrounding medium, and appear to be decoupled from the stripped ISM. We propose that diffuse molecular gas is directly stripped but GMC density gas is not directly stripped, and so decouples from lower density stripped gas. However, GMCs become effectively stripped on short timescales. We also find morphological and kinematic signatures of ram pressure compression of molecular gas in a region of intense star formation on the leading side at $r \sim 3.5$ kpc. We propose that the compressed and stripped zones represent different evolutionary stages of the ram pressure interaction, and that feedback from star formation in the compressed zone facilitates the effective stripping of GMCs by making the gas cycle rapidly to a lower density diffuse state.
description: Published in ApJ Sep. 2020
Conductance of the single-electron transistor: A comparison of experimental data with Monte Carlo calculations
Creators: name: Wallisser, C.
name: Limbach, B.
name: Stein, P. vom
name: Schaefer, R.
name: Theis, C.
name: Goeppert, G.
name: Grabert, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on experimental results for the conductance of metallic single-electron transistors as a function of temperature, gate voltage and dimensionless conductance. In contrast to previous experiments our transistor layout allows for a direct measurement of the parallel conductance and no ad hoc assumptions on the symmetry of the transistors are necessary. Thus we can make a comparison between our data and theoretical predictions without any adjustable parameter. Even for rather weakly conducting transistors significant deviations from the perturbative results are noted. On the other hand, path integral Monte Carlo calculations show remarkable agreement with experiments for the whole range of temperatures and conductances.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures, revtex4, corrected typos, submitted to PRB
Does freer trade really lead to productivity growth? Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa
Creators: name: Coxhead, Ian A.
name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
name: Mogues, Tewodaj
name: Coxhead, Ian A.
name: Foltz, Jeremy D.
name: Mogues, Tewodaj
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2012
Subjects: International Development
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Manufacturing is intensive in the use of reproducible factors and exhibits greater technological dynamism than primary production. As such its growth is central to long-run development in low-income countries. Sub-Saharan African countries are latecomers to industrialization, and barriers to manufacturing growth, including those that limit trade, have been slow to come down. What factors contribute most to increases in output and productivity growth in their manufacturing sectors? Recent trade-IO theory suggests that trade liberalization should raise average total factor productivity (TFP) among manufacturing firms (Melitz 2003), but these predictions are conditional on maintained assumptions about the nature of industries, factor markets and trade patterns that may be less suitable in a developing-country setting. Manufacturing industries and firms are heterogeneous, so this analysis demands disaggregated data. We use firm-level data from the World Bank’s Regional Program on Enterprise Development (RPED) covering Ghana, Kenya, Nigeria, and Tanzania, 1991-2003. Among other things, the data distinguish exports by destination (Africa and the rest of the world), which is important due to the spread of intra-Africa regional trade agreements (RTAs). Econometric results confirm well-known relationships, for example a positive association between export intensity and TFP. However, we also find the destination of exports to be important. Export firms are more productive but have experienced declining TFP growth, and this has occurred at different rates depending on the country and the export market addressed. We show that these differentials are consistent with predictions from a modified statement of the Melitz model. The TFP results add a new dimension to controversies over the development implications of trade liberalization and the promotion of intra-Africa RTAs.
Commercial Packaging and Storing of Bare-Root Rose Bushes
Creators: name: Uota, M.
name: Harvey, John M.
name: Lateer, Robert W.
name: Uota, M.
name: Harvey, John M.
name: Lateer, Robert W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1959
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies

description: Excerpts from the report Summary: Storage of year-old bare-root rose plants has been limited by the development of decay and loss of moisture in the plants. A new method of packaging that almost eliminates drying out has been developed and tested during 4 storage seasons. This method utilizes a polyethylene-coated kraft paper liner fitted into a carton, crate, or box. The use of cartons with the special liners would cut package costs about one-third as compared with costs of the conventional wirebound crate with waxed-paper lining and sphagnum moss and excelsior packing. The new method requires less labor to prepare the carton and liner for use than the old method; it reduces the weight of the packages by 20 percent, lowering the costs of shipping to eastern markets. Several fungicides were also tested. Decay in storage was controlled most consistently in these tests by dipping the bushes before packing into a suspension of 2 pounds of captan 50 WP in 100 gallons of water. This treatment not only reduced losses due to decay in storage but lessened the amount of labor required to recondition the bushes before planting. Other fungicides tested were somewhat less effective, while still others were either ineffective or harmful to the bushes.
Logarithmic perturbation theory for radial Klein-Gordon equation with screened Coulomb potentials via $\hbar$ expansions
Creators: name: Dobrovolska, I. V.
name: Tutik, R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The explicit semiclassical treatment of logarithmic perturbation theory for the bound-state problem within the framework of the radial Klein-Gordon equation with attractive real-analytic screened Coulomb potentials, contained time-component of a Lorentz four-vector and a Lorentz-scalar term, is developed. Based upon $\hbar$-expansions and suitable quantization conditions a new procedure for deriving perturbation expansions is offered. Avoiding disadvantages of the standard approach, new handy recursion formulae with the same simple form both for ground and excited states have been obtained. As an example, the perturbation expansions for the energy eigenvalues for the Hulthén potential containing the vector part as well as the scalar component are considered.
description: 14 pages, to be submitted to Journal of Physics A
BAS: An Answer Selection Method Using BERT Language Model
Creators: name: Mozafari, Jamshid
name: Fatemi, Afsaneh
name: Nematbakhsh, Mohammad Ali
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: In recent years, Question Answering systems have become more popular and widely used by users. Despite the increasing popularity of these systems, the their performance is not even sufficient for textual data and requires further research. These systems consist of several parts that one of them is the Answer Selection component. This component detects the most relevant answer from a list of candidate answers. The methods presented in previous researches have attempted to provide an independent model to undertake the answer-selection task. An independent model cannot comprehend the syntactic and semantic features of questions and answers with a small training dataset. To fill this gap, language models can be employed in implementing the answer selection part. This action enables the model to have a better understanding of the language in order to understand questions and answers better than previous works. In this research, we will present the "BAS" (BERT Answer Selection) that uses the BERT language model to comprehend language. The empirical results of applying the model on the TrecQA Raw, TrecQA Clean, and WikiQA datasets demonstrate that using a robust language model such as BERT can enhance the performance. Using a more robust classifier also enhances the effect of the language model on the answer selection component. The results demonstrate that language comprehension is an essential requirement in natural language processing tasks such as answer-selection.
description: 28 pages, 19 figures, 8 tables, Journal of Computing and Security
The dynamics of land-cover change in western Honduras: exploring spatial and temporal complexity
Creators: name: Munroe, Darla K.
name: Southworth, Jane
name: Tucker, Catherine M.
name: Munroe, Darla K.
name: Southworth, Jane
name: Tucker, Catherine M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Forest regrowth
subject: Geographic information systems (GIS)
subject: Remote sensing
subject: Random-effects probit
subject: Land-use/land-cover change
subject: Honduras

description: This paper presents an econometric analysis of land-cover change in western Honduras. Ground-truthed satellite image analysis indicates that between 1987 and 1996, net forest regrowth occurred in the 1015 km2 study region. While some forest regrowth can be attributed to a 1987 ban on logging, the area of forest regrowth greatly exceeds that of previously clear-cut areas. Further, new area was also deforested between 1987 and 1996. Thus, the observed land-cover changes most likely represent a complex mosaic of changing land-use patterns across time and space. Using satellite imagery from 1987, 1991 and 1996, we estimate a series of models, including binary pro bit models for each date, and a random-effects pro bit model using panel techniques. We also experiment with spatial sampling schemes designed to reduce residual spatial autocorrelation, and qualitatively compare the impact of spatial sampling on model accuracy. Lastly, we find that changes in relative prices, infrastructure improvement, and topography are all significantly related to changing land-cover patterns. © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Area scaling entropies for gravitating systems
Creators: name: Oppenheim, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The entropy of a spherically symmetric distribution of matter in self-equilibrium is calculated. When gravitational effects are neglected, the entropy of the system is proportional to its volume. As effects due to gravitational self-interactions become more important, the entropy acquires a correction term and is no longer purely volume scaling. In the limit that the boundary of the system approaches its event horizon, the total entropy of the system is proportional to its area. The scaling laws of the system's thermodynamical quantities are identical to those of a black hole, even though the system does not possess an event horizon.
description: 12 pages, revtex
Turkish Stream: What Strategy for Europe?
Creators: name: Hafner, Manfred
name: Tagliapietra, Simone
name: Hafner, Manfred
name: Tagliapietra, Simone
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Turkish Stream
subject: South Stream
subject: Energy Security
subject: Gas Markets
subject: EU Energy Union

description: On December 1, 2014 Russian President Vladimir Putin surprised the energy world by announcing, during a state visit to Turkey, the demise of the long-planned South Stream pipeline project and the launch of a new project to evacuate Russian gas to Turkey and South-East Europe bypassing Ukraine: Turkish Stream. Since 2007 South Stream has represented a key element of the discussions concerning the EU security of gas supply and the overall EU-Russia relations. For this reason, the unexpected demise of South Stream and the quick rise of Turkish Stream need to be carefully evaluated both under the economic and geopolitical perspectives. This paper will first provide an overview of the Russian gas export strategy to Europe in order to entrench the current discussion on the major long-term trends concerning the issue. On the basis of this analysis the paper will then discuss the future prospects of Turkish Stream, arguing that the EU could seize this new reality to launch the formation of a fluid, reliable and interconnected South-Eastern European regional gas hub.
Gauge theory on noncommutative Riemannian principal bundles
Creators: name: Ćaćić, Branimir
name: Mesland, Bram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: K-Theory and Homology (math.KT)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a new, general approach to gauge theory on principal $G$-spectral triples, where $G$ is a compact connected Lie group. We introduce a notion of vertical Riemannian geometry for $G$-$C^\ast$-algebras and prove that the resulting noncommutative orbitwise family of Kostant's cubic Dirac operators defines a natural unbounded $KK^G$-cycle in the case of a principal $G$-action. Then, we introduce a notion of principal $G$-spectral triple and prove, in particular, that any such spectral triple admits a canonical factorisation in unbounded $KK^G$-theory with respect to such a cycle: up to a remainder, the total geometry is the twisting of the basic geometry by a noncommutative superconnection encoding the vertical geometry and underlying principal connection. Using these notions, we formulate an approach to gauge theory that explicitly generalises the classical case up to a groupoid cocycle and is compatible in general with this factorisation; in the unital case, it correctly yields a real affine space of noncommutative principal connections with affine gauge action. Our definitions cover all locally compact classical principal $G$-bundles and are compatible with $θ$-deformation; in particular, they cover the $θ$-deformed quaternionic Hopf fibration $C^\infty(S^7_θ) \hookleftarrow C^\infty(S^4_θ)$ as a noncommutative principal $\operatorname{SU}(2)$-bundle.
description: Final version to appear in Commun. Math. Phys. encompassing various clarifications and corrections including thorough revisions of Prop. 2.35, Prop. 2.36, and Lemma 2.45 and a correction to Def. B.2. The authors thank the anonymous reviewers for their extraordinarily thoughtful, thorough, and useful feedback
Quantum field theory of dilute homogeneous Bose-Fermi-mixtures at zero temperature: general formalismand beyond mean-field corrections
Creators: name: Albus, Alexander P.
name: Gardiner, Simon A.
name: Illuminati, Fabrizio
name: Wilkens, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a dilute homogeneous mixture of bosons and spin-polarized fermions at zero temperature. We first construct the formal scheme for carrying out systematic perturbation theory in terms of single particle Green's functions. We introduce a new relevant object, the renormalized boson-fermion T-matrix which we determine to second order in the boson-fermion s-wave scattering length. We also discuss how to incorporate the usual boson-boson T-matrix in mean-field approximation to obtain the total ground state properties of the system. The next order term beyond mean-field stems from the boson-fermion interaction and is proportional to $a_{\scriptsize BF}k_{\scriptsize F}$. The total ground-state energy-density reads $E/V = ε_{\scriptsize F} + ε_{\scriptsize B} + (2π\hbar^{2}a_{\rm BF}n_{\scriptsize B}n_{\scriptsize F}/m) [1 + a_{\scriptsize BF}k_{\scriptsize F}f(δ)/π]$. The first term is the kinetic energy of the free fermions, the second term is the boson-boson mean-field interaction, the pre-factor to the additional term is the usual mean-field contribution to the boson-fermion interaction energy, and the second term in the square brackets is the second-order correction, where $f(δ)$ is a known function of $δ= (m_{\scriptsize B} - m_{\scriptsize F})/(m_{\scriptsize B} + m_{\scriptsize F})$. We discuss the relevance of this new term, how it can be incorporated into existing theories of boson-fermion mixtures, and its importance in various parameter regimes, in particular considering mixtures of $^{6}$Li and $^{7}$Li and of $^{3}$He and $^{4}$He.
description: submitted to Phys. Rev. A
Risky Environments, Hidden Knowledge, and Preferences for Contract Flexibility: An Artefactual Field Experiment
Creators: name: Kunte, Sebastian
name: Wollni, Meike
name: Kunte, Sebastian
name: Wollni, Meike
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Institutional and Behavioral Economics
subject: Risk and Uncertainty
subject: contract flexibility
subject: risk sharing
subject: hidden knowledge
subject: artefactual field experiment
subject: investment game
subject: Nairobi slums
subject: Kenya

description: Contract flexibility can be expedient for economic exchange in environments with high ambiguity and risk, but may also encourage opportunistic behavior. We run a modified investment game, including the choice between two different contract designs and asymmetric information about the realized surplus (i.e., hidden knowledge). We examine if Nairobi slum dwellers choose flexible over rigid contracts when interacting in risky environments and whether preferences for contract flexibility are sensitive to the exogenous probability of experiencing a negative shock. We find that most interaction is realized through flexible agreements. Principals offer a higher level of flexibility if the likelihood of a shock is high, relative to the low-risk environment. Agents are somewhat more reluctant to sign rigid agreements when facing the threat of a bad state. While agents and the overall efficiency benefit from higher flexibility, principals always do better by opting for a rigid contract.
Response to Economic Shock: Impacts of Rurality and Economic Recession on County-level Suicides in the U.S.
Creators: name: Carriere, Danielle E.
name: Marshall, Maria I.
name: Binkley, James K.
name: Carriere, Danielle E.
name: Marshall, Maria I.
name: Binkley, James K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: suicide
subject: recession
subject: rural
subject: unemployment

description: This research examines the impact of rurality, in conjunction with economic recession, on county-level suicide numbers.
Distributions of money in model markets of economy
Creators: name: Chakraborti, Anirban
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the distributions of money in a simple closed economic system for different types of monetary transactions. We know that for arbitrary and random sharing but locally conserving money transactions, the money distribution goes to the Gibb's distribution of statistical mechanics. We then consider the effects of savings, etc. and see how the distribution changes. We also propose a new model where the agents invest equal amounts of money in each transaction. We find that for short time-periods, the money distribution obeys a power-law with an exponent very close to unity, and has an exponential tail; after a very long time, this distribution collapses and the entire amount of money goes to a tiny fraction of the population.
description: 9 pages, 4 postscript figures. To appear in IJMPC 13 (2002)
Computing partition functions in the one clean qubit model
Creators: name: Chowdhury, Anirban N.
name: Somma, Rolando D.
name: Subasi, Yigit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a method to approximate partition functions of quantum systems using mixed-state quantum computation. For positive semi-definite Hamiltonians, our method has expected running-time that is almost linear in $(M/(ε_{\rm rel}\mathcal{Z} ))^2$, where $M$ is the dimension of the quantum system, $\mathcal{Z}$ is the partition function, and $ε_{\rm rel}$ is the relative precision. It is based on approximations of the exponential operator as linear combinations of certain operators related to block-encoding of Hamiltonians or Hamiltonian evolutions. The trace of each operator is estimated using a standard algorithm in the one clean qubit model. For large values of $\mathcal{Z}$, our method may run faster than exact classical methods, whose complexities are polynomial in $M$. We also prove that a version of the partition function estimation problem within additive error is complete for the so-called DQC1 complexity class, suggesting that our method provides a super-polynomial speedup for certain parameter values. To attain a desired relative precision, we develop a classical procedure based on a sequence of approximations within predetermined additive errors that may be of independent interest.
description: 15 pages, 2 figures
Neosilurus ater
Creators: name: Morgan, David L.
name: Allen, Gerald R.
name: Pusey, Bradley J.
name: Burrows, Damien W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Actinopterygii
Siluriformes
Plotosidae
Neosilurus
Neosilurus ater

description: Neosilurus ater (Perugia)
Black Catfish
 Neosilurus ater, although being widespread across northern Australia, has a disjunct distribution within the Kimberley region (Fig. 9). The species is currently only known from the Fitzroy, Lawley, Carson and Ord Rivers. While the species is relatively common in the Carson and Ord Rivers, it has only been found at two localities in the Fitzroy system, including Dimond Gorge (Morgan et al. 2002, 2004a) and below the Camballin Barrage (not illustrated) (see Morgan et al. 2005).
description: Published as part of Morgan, David L., Allen, Gerald R., Pusey, Bradley J. & Burrows, Damien W., 2011, 2816, pp. 1-64 in Zootaxa 2816 on page 11
On strongly primary monoids, with a focus on Puiseux monoids
Creators: name: Geroldinger, Alfred
name: Gotti, Felix
name: Tringali, Salvatore
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 20M13, Secondary: 20M14, 13A05

description: Primary and strongly primary monoids and domains play a central role in the ideal and factorization theory of commutative monoids and domains. It is well-known that primary monoids satisfying the ascending chain condition on divisorial ideals (e.g., numerical monoids) are strongly primary; and the multiplicative monoid of non-zero elements of a one-dimensional local domain is primary and it is strongly primary if the domain is Noetherian. In the present paper, we focus on the study of additive submonoids of the non-negative rationals, called Puiseux monoids. It is easy to see that Puiseux monoids are primary monoids, and we provide conditions ensuring that they are strongly primary. Then we study local and global tameness of strongly primary Puiseux monoids; most notably, we establish an algebraic characterization of when a Puiseux monoid is globally tame. Moreover, we obtain a result on the structure of sets of lengths of all locally tame strongly primary monoids.
description: 25 pages. It will appear in Journal of Algebra
of Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma
Creators: name: Kubicek, Christian
name: Herrera-Estrella, Alfredo
name: Seidl-Seiboth, Verena
name: Martinez, Diego
name: Druzhinina, Irina
name: Thon, Michael
name: Zeilinger, Susanne
name: Casas-Flores, Sergio
name: Horwitz, Benjamin
name: Prasun Mukherjee
name: Mukherjee, Mala
name: LĂĄszlĂł Kredics
name: Alcaraz, Luis
name: Aerts, Andrea
name: Antal, Zsuzsanna
name: Atanasova, Lea
name: Cervantes-Badillo, Mayte
name: Challacombe, Jean
name: Chertkov, Olga
name: McCluskey, Kevin
name: Coulpier, Fanny
name: Deshpande, Nandan
name: DĂśhren, Hans Von
name: Ebbole, Daniel
name: Esquivel-Naranjo, Edgardo
name: ErzsĂŠbet Fekete
name: Flipphi, Michel
name: Glaser, Fabian
name: GĂłmez-RodrĂ­Guez, Elida
name: Gruber, Sabine
name: Han, Cliff
name: Henrissat, Bernard
name: Hermosa, Rosa
name: HernĂĄndez-OĂąate, Miguel
name: Karaffa, Levente
name: Kosti, Idit
name: StĂŠphane Le Crom
name: Lindquist, Erika
name: Lucas, Susan
name: LĂźbeck, Mette
name: LĂźbeck, Peter
name: Margeot, Antoine
name: Metz, Benjamin
name: Misra, Monica
name: Nevalainen, Helena
name: Omann, Markus
name: Packer, Nicolle
name: Perrone, Giancarlo
name: Uresti-Rivera, Edith
name: Salamov, Asaf
name: Schmoll, Monika
name: Seiboth, Bernhard
name: Shapiro, Harris
name: Sukno, Serenella
name: Tamayo-Ramos, Juan
name: Tisch, Doris
name: Wiest, Aric
name: Wilkinson, Heather
name: Zhang, Michael
name: Coutinho, Pedro
name: Kenerley, Charles
name: Monte, Enrique
name: Baker, Scott
name: Grigoriev, Igor
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: of Comparative genome sequence analysis underscores mycoparasitism as the ancestral life style of Trichoderma
Seeing but not Perceiving – Inattentional Blindness as a Cause of Missed Cues in the General Practice (GP) Consultation
Creators: name: Brunet, Martin
name: Parkin, Claire
Publisher: name: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice
Year: 2021

description: Background It is well known that healthcare professionals, including GPs, frequently fail to respond to cues made by their patients. A possible explanation for this behaviour is that the phenomenon of IB could lead to a failure to observe the cue, rather than a deliberate choice to ignore it. This study sought to explore that possibility, and to consider whether GP trainees are more susceptible to IB than GP trainers. Aim A pre-recorded video of a simulated consultation was used, where the patient gave two significant cues which were not picked up by the doctor in the video. The aim was to compare the rates with which both trainee GPs and GP trainers observed these missed cues. Methods The research was a case study involving two groups of participants - GP trainees and GP trainers from a localised GP Training Scheme. Actors were used to record a video of a pre-defined GP consultation involving a patient affected by headaches, who gave two significant cues which were not responded to in the video. Participants observed the video while being asked to focus on the diagnosis and management of the patient’s headaches, following which they completed a questionnaire, including questions about the cues. Results Cues were missed by 24-53% of participants, suggesting a high rate of IB within the GP consultation. Unexpected findings included the recording by some participants of false observations from the video. There was no significant difference between trainers and trainees in the rates of IB. Conclusions IB appears to be a real and significant phenomenon within the GP consultation, and is likely to have important implications for patient care. More research is needed to confirm these findings, establish IB rates as a cause of missed cues among healthcare professionals and evaluate possible interventions to reduce susceptibility to IB.
description: Advanced Journal of Professional Practice, Vol 2 No 2 (2020)
The Infall Motion in the Low-Mass Protostellar Binary NGC 1333 IRAS 4A1/4A2
Creators: name: Su, Yu-Nung
name: Liu, Sheng-Yuan
name: Li, Zhi-Yun
name: Lee, Chin-Fei
name: Hirano, Naomi
name: Takakuwa, Shigehisa
name: Hsieh, I-Ta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report ALMA observations of NGC 1333 IRAS 4A, a young low-mass protostellar binary, referred as 4A1 and 4A2. With multiple H$_2$CO transitions and HNC (4$-$3) observed at a resolution of 0.25" ($\sim$70 au), we investigate the gas kinematics of 4A1 and 4A2. Our results show that, on the large angular scale ($\sim$10"), 4A1 and 4A2 each display a well-collimated outflow along the N-S direction, and an S-shaped morphology is discerned in the outflow powered by 4A2. On the small scale ($\sim$0.3"), 4A1 and 4A2 exhibit distinct spectral features toward the continuum centroid, with 4A1 showing simple symmetric profiles predominantly in absorption and 4A2 demonstrating rather complicated profiles in emission as well as in absorption. Based on radiative transfer modeling exercises, we find that the physical parameters inferred from earlier low-resolution observations cannot be directly extrapolated down to the 4A1 inner region. Possible reasons for the discrepancies between the observed and modelled profiles are discussed. We constrain the mass infall rate in 4A1 to be at most around 3$\times$10$^{-5}$ M$_{\odot}$ year$^{-1}$ at the layer of 75 au. For the kinematics of the 4A2 inner envelope, the absorbing dips in the H$_2$CO spectra are skewed toward the redshifted side and likely signatures of inward motion. These absorbing dips are relatively narrow. This is, like the case for 4A1, significantly slower than the anticipated inflow speed. We estimate a mass infall rate of 3.1$-$6.2 $\times$ 10$^{-5}$ M$_\odot$ year$^{-1}$ at the layer of 100 au in 4A2.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJ
Science and public participation in regulating genetically-engineered food: Franch an American experiences
Creators: name: Post, Diabanna L
name: Da Ros, Jérôme M
name: Post, Diabanna L
name: Da Ros, Jérôme M
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: food safety
subject: regulation
subject: public organizations
subject: science studies
subject: genetically-engineered food

description: This paper describes three cases of government-led efforts in France and the United States to bring stakeholders into the regulatory process for genetically-modified food. We analyze how government regulators, scientists, and members of the public interacted in these three different settings, and conclude that public participation is not linked with a regulatory outcome; in other words, for various reasons which we consider, public participation did not have a substantive impact on government policies in this area. We consider how these processes could be improved, by drawing on two distinct literatures — social studies of science and organization theory. A more conscious crossfertilization of the two literatures would shed some insights broadly on science and public organizations, and particularly on the problem of regulating a complex and uncertain area of technology.