Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site (32WI17), Material Culture Reports, Part X: Native American Burials and Artifacts
Creators: name: Vore, Steven LeRoy De
name: Hunt, William J.
Publisher: name: United States Department of the Interior, National Park Service, Midwest Archeological Center
Year: 1994
Subjects: subject: Williams County, North Dakota
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/21645/williams-county-north-dakota
subject: Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/geographic-keyword/76464/fort-union-trading-post-national-historic-site
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5728/historic
subject: 19th Century
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/temporal-keyword/5147/19th-century
subject: Historic Native American
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/30/historic-native-american
subject: Assiniboin
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/7503/assiniboin
subject: Hidatsa
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/1332/hidatsa
subject: Historic
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/culture-keyword/25/historic
subject: Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/2797/fort-union-trading-post-national-historic-site
subject: 32WI17
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-name/2776/32wi17
subject: Funerary and Burial Structures or Features
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/301/funerary-and-burial-structures-or-features
subject: Domestic Structures
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/256/domestic-structures
subject: Isolated Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/site-type/305/isolated-burial
subject: Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/6/glass
subject: Human Remains
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/9/human-remains
subject: Metal
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/material-type/11/metal
subject: Clothing
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/63790/clothing
subject: Thimble
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/97143/thimble
subject: Awl
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/447/awl
subject: Projectile Points
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3268/projectile-points
subject: Knife
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/454/knife
subject: Fort
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/1288/fort
subject: Fort Union Well
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135307/fort-union-well
subject: Necklace
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/45322/necklace
subject: Assiniboine Scaffold Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135308/assiniboine-scaffold-burial
subject: Material Culture
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3851/material-culture
subject: Key
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/22091/key
subject: Fort Union Ice House
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135306/fort-union-ice-house
subject: Leather Belt
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135311/leather-belt
subject: Hollow-Cane Glass
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135312/hollow-cane-glass
subject: Scaffold Burial
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135309/scaffold-burial
subject: Shroud
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135310/shroud
subject: Medicine
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/7121/medicine
subject: Cupreous
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135315/cupreous
subject: Gunflints
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/41106/gunflints
subject: Moccasins
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/84433/moccasins
subject: C-Bracelet
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135316/c-bracelet
subject: Historic Site
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/2259/historic-site
subject: Choker
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135313/choker
subject: Bracelets
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135314/bracelets
subject: Musket Ball
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/51029/musket-ball
subject: Axe Bit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135319/axe-bit
subject: Native American
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/918/native-american
subject: Axe Wedge
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135320/axe-wedge
subject: Spiral Auger Bit
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135317/spiral-auger-bit
subject: Lead Balls
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135318/lead-balls
subject: Gun Worm
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135323/gun-worm
subject: Glass Beads
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/10522/glass-beads
subject: Earrings
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135324/earrings
subject: Pigment
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135321/pigment
subject: Hide Scraper
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135322/hide-scraper
subject: Tack
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/135325/tack
subject: Trading Post
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/3234/trading-post
subject: Beads
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/20834/beads
subject: Buttons
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/292/buttons
subject: Limonite
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/27237/limonite
subject: Bone
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/138664/bone
subject: Clothing Items
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/other-keyword/62892/clothing-items
subject: Collections Research
valueUri: https://core.tdar.org/browse/investigation-type/3/collections-research

description: Fort Union, the headquarters of American Fur Company's Upper Missouri Outfit, dominated the region's fur and bison robe trade from 1828 to 1865. The Minneapolis-based North Western Fur Company operated the trading post from 1865 to 1867 and the U.S. Army had a contingent of soldiers there from 1864 to 1865. In 1867, the Army bought and razed Fort Union for building materials in the construction of Fort Buford, a new infantry post two miles to the east. In 1965, Congress designated Fort Union a National Historic Site and stewardship of the property was delegated to the National Park Service (NPS). Shortly thereafter, the NPS inaugurated a series of archaeological investigations to acquire information to aid in the post's reconstruction and to salvage archaeological data from portions of the site which would be threatened by future construction. During that work, human remains were recovered in several test locations in and outside the post. Burial contexts and funerary goods place interment sometime after Fort Union's occupation. Analysis of the skeletal material is directed toward determining the minimum number of individuals represented as well as identifying each individual's age, sex, pathology, probable cause of death, and general ethnic affinity. Historic documents provide additional clues to their identities. An upshot of these efforts was the 1986 inauguration of a report series entitled Fort Union Trading Post National Historic Site (32WIl7) Material Culture Reports produced by the National Park Service's Midwest Archeological Center (MWAC). Nine volumes have been published or are in preparation prior to the release of this volume, each focusing on a different subject or material object class. Part I is the foundation of the series, providing an overview and critical assessment of the fieldwork accomplished during the four seasons of work at the site. Each of the remaining reports relates to one or more particular material culture classes; i.e., food-related artifacts (Part II); personal and recreational materials (Part III); firearms, trapping, and fishing equipment (Part IV); buttons (Part V); vertebrate faunal remains (Part VI); building and construction materials (Part VII); artifacts associated with transportation, commerce and industry, and unidentified functions (Part VIII - in preparation); and personal, domestic, and architectural artifacts (Part IX). Although only nine parts were originally planned for the series, a decision to produce this tenth volume came about partly because new information became available relating to the Fort Union burials. However, it was primarily driven by the Native American Grave Protection and Repatriation Act, which requires federal agencies to compile information on Native American burials and associated objects.