cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Stochastic gravitational wave background from magnetic deformation of newly born magnetars
Creators: name: Cheng, Quan
name: Yu, Yun-Wei
name: Zheng, Xiao-Ping
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Newly born magnetars are promising sources for gravitational wave (GW) detection due to their ultra-strong magnetic fields and high spin frequencies. Within the scenario of a growing tilt angle between the star's spin and magnetic axis, due to the effect of internal viscosity, we obtain improved estimates of the stochastic gravitational wave backgrounds (SGWBs) from magnetic deformation of newly born magnetars. We find that the GW background spectra contributed by the magnetars with ultra-strong toroidal magnetic fields of 10^{17} G could roughly be divided into four segments. Most notably, in contrast to the background spectra calculated by assuming constant tilt angles χ=π/2, the background radiation above 1000 Hz are seriously suppressed. However, the background radiation at the frequency band \sim100-1000 Hz are moderately enhanced, depending on the strengths of the dipole magnetic fields. We suggest that if all newly born magnetars indeed have toroidal magnetic fields of 10^{17} G, the produced SGWBs should show sharp variations with the observed frequency at several tens to about 100 hertz. If these features could be observed through sophisticated detection of the SGWB using the proposed Einstein Telescope, it will provide us a direct evidence of the tilt angle evolutions and further some deep understandings about the properties of newly born magnetars.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures, to be published in MNRAS
Age variation in blood pressure: Rural-urban and sex differences among the Hmar adults of Manipur, Northeast India
Creators: name: LALNUNENG, ABIGAIL
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Arts and Humanities

description: Increase in blood pressure (BP) is thought to be an unavoidable consequence of ageing but in secluded communities and in rural areas this is not the case. The study aims to examine blood pressure response with age across place of residence and sex; the prevalence of hypertension in relation to place of residence and sex; and to find out the relative importance of biological and behavioural factors as risk factors for hypertension among the Hmar adults (17 to 70 years of age) of Manipur, Northeast India.
Galactic Plane H$α$ Surveys: IPHAS & VPHAS+
Creators: name: Wright, Nicholas J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The optical Galactic Plane H$α$ surveys IPHAS and VPHAS+ are dramatically improving our understanding of Galactic stellar populations and stellar evolution by providing large samples of stars in short lived, but important, evolutionary phases, and high quality homogeneous photometry and images over the entire Galactic Plane. Here I summarise some of the contributions these surveys have already made to our understanding of a number of key areas of stellar and Galactic astronomy.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, refereed proceeding of the "The Universe of Digital Sky Surveys" conference, November 2014, to be published in the Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings
$Fermi$ GBM Observations of V404 Cyg During its 2015 Outburst
Creators: name: Jenke, P. A.
name: Wilson-Hodge, C. A.
name: Homan, Jeroen
name: Veres, P.
name: Briggs, M. S.
name: Burns, E.
name: Connaughton, V.
name: Finger, M. H.
name: Hui, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: V404 Cygni was discovered in 1989 by the $Ginga$ X-ray satellite during its only previously observed X-ray outburst and soon after confirmed as a black hole binary. On June 15, 2015, the Gamma Ray Burst Monitor (GBM) triggered on a new outburst of V404 Cygni. We present 13 days of GBM observations of this outburst including Earth occultation flux measurements, spectral and temporal analysis. The Earth occultation fluxes reached 30 Crab with detected emission to 100 keV and determined, via hardness ratios, that the source was in a hard state. At high luminosity, spectral analysis between 8 and 300 keV showed that the electron temperature decreased with increasing luminosity. This is expected if the protons and electrons are in thermal equilibrium during an outburst with the electrons cooled by the Compton scattering of softer seed photons from the disk. However, the implied seed photon temperatures are unusually high, suggesting a contribution from another source, such as the jet. No evidence of state transitions is seen during this time period. The temporal analysis reveals power spectra that can be modeled with two or three strong, broad Lorentzians, similar to the power spectra of black hole binaries in their hard state.
TEMPERATURE AND PERIOD DEPENDENCE IN THE POST-DIAPAUSE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CABBAGE ROOT FLY, DELIA RADICUM
Creators: name: ROBERTS, LORNE GEORGE
Publisher: name: University of Plymouth
Year: 1994

description: The cabbage root fly (Delia radicum (L.) (Diptera: Anthomyiidae) (Pont, 1981)), as it is known in the U.K. (Anon.,1947), or the cabbage maggot, as it is known in North America and Canada (Muesebeck, 1942) has been described by a number of different generic names and specific epithets. First described by Bouche in 1833 as Anthomyia brassicae, it is also known as Hylemyia, Erioischia, Chonophila, Phorbia and Delia brassicae. However, it is known now as Delia radicum (L.). D. radicum is found to cause serious damage to brassica crops in the Holarctic region (35-60°N) (Shoene, 1916; de Wilde, 1947). It is particularly destructive of cabbages and cauliflowers but also attacks Brussels . sprouts, radishes, turnips, swedes (Coaker & Finch, 1971), kale, mustard, broccoli and rape. The damage is caused by the larvae which eat and burrow through the cortical tissue of the main tap root and lateral roots. Occasionally, they feed on the aerial parts of the plant as well.
Workflow of Cune-iiif-orm
Creators: name: Smidt, Gustav Ryberg
name: De Graef, Katrien
name: Foket, Lise
name: Hameeuw, Hendrik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: digital humanities
cuneiform
IIIF
Old-Babylonian
digital editions

description: The strategy of the project is to create digital versions of OB tablets within IIIF, publish them in both physical and digital editions and analyse a large corpus of OB cuneiform tablets with computational methods.
Digital forvaltning ved planlægning af arealdrift i Skov- og Naturstyrelsen
Creators: name: Andersen, Bent Egede
name: Buttenschøn, Christopher
name: Dralle, Kim
name: Friese, Søren
name: Retsloff, Thomas
name: Skyum, Jørgen
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 3 No 6 (2004): GI og Digital forvaltning
New structures in the proton-antiproton system
Creators: name: Lorenz, I. T.
name: Hammer, H. -W.
name: Meißner, U. -G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the most recent measurements of the reaction $e^+e^- \rightarrow p\bar{p}$ by the BABAR collaboration, new structures have been found with unknown origin. We examine a possible relation of the most distinct peak to the recently observed $Φ(2170)$. Alternatively, we analyse possible explanations due to the nucleon$\,\barΔ$ and $Δ\barΔ$ thresholds. The latter could explain a periodicity found in the data.
Attachment and Daily Phubbing in Couples
Creators: name: Stanton, Sarah
name: HARP Lab
name: Vowels, Laura
name: Carnelley, Katherine
name: Hart, Claire
name: Millings, Abigail
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Science and Technology Studies
subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: adult attachment
subject: dyadic data
subject: intimate relationships
subject: longitudinal
subject: phubbing
subject: technoference

description: This research is a subproject of the Diverse Romantic Relationships and Well-Being I (DRRAW I) parent project. This registration includes the preregistration document with hypotheses and analytic plan for novel secondary data analysis of the DRRAW I dataset.
Comparison and evaluation of lupus nephritis response criteria in lupus activity indices and clinical trials
Creators: name: Dooley, Mary A
name: Pendergraft, William F
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2015

description: Abstract Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a systemic autoimmune disease with diverse manifestations. Although the approval of new therapies includes only one agent in 50 years, a number of promising new drugs are in development. Lupus nephritis is a dreaded complication of SLE as it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Advancing the treatment of lupus nephritis requires well-designed clinical trials and this can be challenging in SLE. The major obstacles involve identifying the correct population of patients to enroll and ensuring that a clinically appropriate and patient-centered endpoint is being measured. In this review, we will first discuss the clinical utility of endpoints chosen to represent lupus nephritis in global disease activity scales. Second, we will review completed and active trials focused on lupus nephritis and discuss the endpoints chosen. There are many important lessons to be learned from existing assessment tools and clinical trials. Reviewing these points will help ensure that future efforts will yield meaningful disease activity measures and well-designed clinical trials to advance our understanding of lupus management.
Gender, Sexism, and Self-Expansion in Couples
Creators: name: Stanton, Sarah
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology
subject: dyadic data
subject: gender differences
subject: intimate relationships
subject: longitudinal
subject: self-expansion
subject: sexism

description: This research is a subproject of the Diverse Romantic Relationships and Well-Being I (DRRAW I) parent project (https://osf.io/ekv6x). This registration contains the preregistration document for secondary data analysis of the DRRAW I dataset.
Energy-Efficient Infrastructure Sensor Network for Ad Hoc Cognitive Radio Network
Creators: name: Usman, Muhammad
name: Har, Dongsoo
name: Koo, Insoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Distributed, Parallel, and Cluster Computing (cs.DC)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose an energy-efficient network architecture that consists of ad hoc (mobile) cognitive radios (CRs) and infrastructure wireless sensor nodes. The sensor nodes within communications range of each CR are grouped into a cluster and the clusters of CRs are regularly updated according to the random mobility of the CRs. We reduce the energy consumption and the end-to-end delay of the sensor network by dividing each cluster into disjoint subsets with overlapped sensing coverage of primary user (PU) activity. Respective subset of a CR provides target detection and false alarm probabilities. Substantial energy efficiency is achieved by activating only one subset of the cluster, while putting the rest of the subsets in the cluster into sleep mode.
description: submitted to IEEE sensors journal
Detection and Removal of Artifacts in Astronomical Images
Creators: name: Desai, Shantanu
name: Mohr, Joseph
name: Bertin, Emmanuel
name: Kummel, Martin
name: Wetzstein, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Astronomical images from optical photometric surveys are typically contaminated with transient artifacts such as cosmic rays, satellite trails and scattered light. We have developed and tested an algorithm that removes these artifacts using a deep, artifact free, static sky coadd image built up through the median combination of point spread function (PSF) homogenized, overlapping single epoch images. Transient artifacts are detected and masked in each single epoch image through comparison with an artifact free, PSF-matched simulated image that is constructed using the PSF-corrected, model fitting catalog from the artifact free coadd image together with the position variable PSF model of the single epoch image. This approach works well not only for cleaning single epoch images with worse seeing than the PSF homogenized coadd, but also the traditionally much more challenging problem of cleaning single epoch images with better seeing. In addition to masking transient artifacts, we have developed an interpolation approach that uses the local PSF and performs well in removing artifacts whose widths are smaller than the PSF full width at half maximum, including cosmic rays, the peaks of saturated stars and bleed trails. We have tested this algorithm on Dark Energy Survey Science Verification data and present performance metrics. More generally, our algorithm can be applied to any survey which images the same part of the sky multiple times.
description: 17 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Computing
Hvor grøn er Storkøbenhavn ? - den grønne struktur i et internationalt perspektiv
Creators: name: Caspersen, Ole Hjort
name: Holmes, Esbern
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 5 No 10 (2006): Geodata - før, nu og fremtiden
title: Household Food Inflation in Canada
Creators: name: Kostyshyna, Olena
name: Ouellet, Maude
Publisher: name: Bank of Canada
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05cc98565
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: We use Canadian home scanner data to study household food inflation rates during periods of low and high inflation. We find that during the post-pandemic surge in inflation, the actual inflation rates experienced by different households varied more widely. Low-income households faced higher inflation than high-income households. We find that during the high-inflation period, households used several strategies to lower the impact of inflation, including shopping more frequently, shopping at more stores or buying more on sale. Canadian households also substituted more toward low-priced products when inflation increased.
description: Nous utilisons des données canadiennes recueillies à l’aide de lecteurs de codes-barres à domicile pour étudier les taux d’augmentation des prix des aliments subis par les ménages pendant des périodes de faible et de forte inflation. Nos résultats montrent que, durant la poussée d’inflation qui a suivi la pandémie, les taux d’inflation réels ressentis par différents ménages ont affiché de plus grandes variations. Les ménages à faible revenu ont subi une inflation plus forte que ceux à revenu élevé. Nous constatons que, pendant la période de forte inflation, les ménages ont adopté plusieurs stratégies pour atténuer l’incidence de l’inflation, comme magasiner plus fréquemment, faire leurs achats dans un plus grand nombre de magasins ou profiter davantage des rabais. De plus, lorsque l’inflation est montée, les ménages canadiens ont été plus enclins à opter pour des produits à plus bas prix.
$Suzaku$ X-ray study of the double radio relic galaxy cluster CIZA J2242.8+5301
Creators: name: Akamatsu, H.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Ogrean, G. A.
name: Kawahara, H.
name: Stroe, A.
name: Sobral, D.
name: Hoeft, M.
name: Röttgering, H.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Kaastra, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Content: We present the results from $Suzaku$ observations of the merging cluster of galaxies CIZA J2242.8+5301 at $z$=0.192. Aims. To study the physics of gas heating and particle acceleration in cluster mergers, we investigated the X-ray emission from CIZA J2242.8+5301, which hosts two giant radio relics in the northern/southern part of the cluster. Methods. We analyzed data from three-pointed Suzaku observations of CIZA J2242.8+5301 to derive the temperature distribution in four different directions. Results: The Intra-Cluster Medium (ICM) temperature shows a remarkable drop from 8.5$_{-0.6}^{+0.8}$ keV to 2.7$_{-0.4}^{+0.7}$ keV across the northern radio relic. The temperature drop is consistent with a Mach number ${\cal M}_n=2.7^{+0.7}_{-0.4}$ and a shock velocity $v_{shock:n}=2300_{-400}^{+700}\rm\,km\,s^{-1}$. We also confirm the temperature drop across the southern radio relic. However, the ICM temperature beyond this relic is much higher than beyond the northern one, which gives a Mach number ${\cal M}_s=1.7^{+0.4}_{-0.3}$ and shock velocity $v_{shock:s}=2040_{-410}^{+550}\rm \,km\,s^{-1}$. These results agree with other systems showing a relationship between the radio relics and shock fronts which are induced by merging activity. We compare the X-ray derived Mach numbers with the radio derived Mach numbers from the radio spectral index under the assumption of diffusive shock acceleration in the linear test particle regime. For the northern radio relic, the Mach numbers derived from X-ray and radio observations agree with each other. Based on the shock velocities, we estimate that CIZA J2242.8+5301 is observed approximately 0.6 Gyr after core passage. The magnetic field pressure at the northern relic is estimated to be 9% of the thermal pressure.
description: 12 pages, 10 figures, A&A accepted
The basic research factors questionnaire for studying early childhood caries
Creators: name: Barker, Judith C
name: Brega, Angela G
name: Weintraub, Jane
name: Batliner, Terrence S
name: Gregorich, Steven E
name: Finlayson, Tracy L
name: Tiwari, Tamanna
name: Borrelli, Belinda
name: Albino, Judith
name: Kressin, Nancy R
name: Garcia, Raul I
name: Gansky, Stuart A
name: Henshaw, Michelle M
name: Geltman, Paul
name: Heaton, Brenda
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2017

description: Abstract Background We describe development of the Early Childhood Caries (ECC) Basic Research Factors Questionnaire (BRFQ), a battery of measures assessing common potential predictors, mediators, and moderators of ECC. Individual-, family-, and community-level factors that are linked to oral health outcomes across at-risk populations are included. Developing standard measures of factors implicated in ECC has the potential to enhance our ability to understand mechanisms underlying successful prevention and to develop more effective interventions. Methods The Early Childhood Caries Collaborating Centers (EC4), funded by National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, developed the BRFQ, which was used across four randomized trials to develop and test interventions for reducing ECC in at-risk populations. Forty-five investigators from across the centers and NIDCR were involved in the development process. Eight “measures working groups” identified relevant constructs and effective measurement approaches, which were then categorized as “essential” or “optional” common data elements (CDEs) for the EC4 projects. Results Essential CDEs include 88 items, with an additional 177 measures categorized as optional CDEs. Essential CDEs fell under the following domains: oral health knowledge, oral health behavior, utilization/insurance and cost, parent/caregiver dental self-efficacy, quality of life, caregiver and family characteristics, and child characteristics. Conclusions The BRFQ makes available a battery of measures that support efforts to understand population risk factors for ECC and to compare oral health outcomes across populations at risk. The BRFQ development process may be useful to other clinical research networks and consortia developing CDEs in other health research fields. Trial registration All the trial that used the BRFQ were registered at Clinicaltrial.gov NCT01116726 , April 29, 2010; NCT01116739 , May 3, 2010; NCT01129440 , May 21, 2010; and NCT01205971 , September 19, 2010.
Geometrical spin manipulation in Dirac flakes
Creators: name: Kleftogiannis, Ioannis
name: Amanatidis, Ilias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate numerically the spin properties of electrons in flakes made of materials described by the Dirac equation, at the presence of intrinsic spin-orbit-coupling(SOC). We show that electrons flowing along the borders of flakes via edge states, become helically spin-polarized for strong SOC, for materials with and without a gap at the Fermi energy, corresponding to the massive and massless Dirac equation respectively. The helically spin-polarized electrons cause geometrical spin splitting on opposite sides of the flakes, leading to spin-resolved transport controlled by the flake's geometry in a multi-terminal device setup. A simple analytical model containing the basic ingredients of the problem is introduced to get an insight of the helical mechanism, along with our numerical results which are based on an effective tight-binding model.
description: 9 pages, 6 figures
Accreting pre-main sequence models and abundance anomalies in globular clusters
Creators: name: Tognelli, E.
name: Moroni, P. G. Prada
name: Degl'Innocenti, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigated the possibility of producing helium enhanced stars in globular clusters by accreting polluted matter during the pre-main sequence phase. We followed the evolution of two different classes of pre-main sequence accreting models, one which neglects and the other that takes into account the protostellar evolution. We analysed the dependence of the final central helium abundance, of the tracks position in the HR diagram and of the surface lithium abundance evolution on the age at which the accretion of polluted material begins and on the main physical parameters that govern the protostellar evolution. The later is the beginning of the late accretion and the lower are both the central helium and the surface lithium abundances at the end of the accretion phase and in ZAMS (Zero Age Main Sequence). In order to produce a relevant increase of the central helium content the accretion of polluted matter should start at ages lower than 1 Myr. The inclusion of the protostellar evolution has a strong impact on the ZAMS models too. The adoption of a very low seed mass (i.e. 0.001 M$_{\odot}$) results in models with the lowest central helium and surface lithium abundances. The higher is the accretion rate and the lower is the final helium content in the core and the residual surface lithium. In the worst case -- i.e. seed mass 0.001 M$_\odot$ and accretion rate $\ge 10^{-5}$ M$_\odot$ yr$^{-1}$ -- the central helium is not increased at all and the surface lithium is fully depleted in the first few million years.
description: Accepted for pubblication in MNRAS. 19 pages, 15 figures, 2 tables
En ny spiller på den danske GIS-arena - Statens Serum Institut
Creators: name: Jepsen, Martin Rudbeck
name: Ethelberg, Steen
name: Nicolaisen, Gert
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 7 No 13 (2008): GIS og geodata i sundhedssektoren
Sustained high prevalence of viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections among female sex workers in China: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Muessig, Kathryn
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2016

description: Abstract Background The 1980’s economic boom has been associated with a rapid expansion of China’s sex industry over the past three decades. Consequently, the spread of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and hepatitis infections among female sex workers (FSW) has become an important public health issue in China. This study identifies prevalence and risks of hepatitis and STIs in Chinese FSWs. Method Four electronic databases were searched for Chinese and English language peer-reviewed studies conducted between 01/2000-12/2011 that reported prevalence of hepatitis and STIs (excluding HIV) among Chinese FSW. Following the PRISMA guidelines, meta-analysis was used to estimate pooled prevalence and 95 % confidence intervals for each infection. Result Three hundred and thirty nine articles (34 in English and 305 in Chinese) investigating 603,647 FSWs in 29 Chinese provinces were included in this review. Over the period 2000–2011, the seroprevalence of active hepatitis B and hepatitis C among FSW were 10.7 % (7.3–15.5 %) and 1.0 % (0.7–1.3 %), respectively. The most prevalent STI was human papillomavirus (HPV, 27.0 % [10.1–55.1 %]), followed by herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2, 15.8 % [11.7–20.9 %]), chlamydia (13.7 % [12.1–15.4 %]), gonorrhoea (6.1 % [5.3–7.0 %]), syphilis (5.2 % [4.8–5.7 %]), genital warts (3.3 % [2.5–4.2 %]) and Trichomonas vaginitis (2.1 % [1.5–24.2 %]). Disease burden of both hepatitis and STI among FSW were concentrated in South Central and Southwest China. In particular, chlamydia and syphilis demonstrated a significant declining trend during the studied period (P < 0.05). Compared with the general Chinese population, FSW had significantly higher prevalence of all STIs except Trichomonas vaginitis. Further, compared to the general FSW population, HIV-positive FSW had significantly higher prevalence of syphilis, chlamydia, HSV-2 and Trichomonas vaginitis. Conclusion Prevalence of hepatitis and STIs remained high and mostly stable among Chinese FSW over the period of 2000–2011. Targeted STI and hepatitis surveillance and interventions should be strengthened among Chinese FSWs, especially those who are HIV-positive.
On cyclic and dynamic pile-bearing behaviour
Creators: name: Hagemann, Anne
Publisher: name: TUHH Universitätsbibliothek
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: centrifuge experiments
subject: numerical modelling
subject: pile-soil interaction
subject: cyclic loading
subject: wave-type loading
subject: damping
subject: fatigue
classificationCode: 3
subject: Social Sciences::333: Economics of Land and Energy::333.7: Natural Resources, Energy and Environment
classificationCode: 6
subject: Technology::624: Civil Engineering, Environmental Engineering::624.1: Structural Engineering::624.15: Geotechnical Engineering
classificationCode: 6
subject: Technology::620: Engineering::620.1: Engineering Mechanics and Materials Science

description: Today’s high demand for renewable energy requires effective and accurate design methods for offshore wind parks. On the one hand, the design process demands an accurate prediction of accumulated displacements and, on the other hand, a reliable estimate of foundation stiffness. Therefore, this thesis aims to gain a deeper understanding of the pile-bearing behaviour during cyclic and dynamic loading. First, this thesis discusses a series of centrifuge tests that investigate the load-displacement behaviour of piles embedded in medium dense and loose over dense sand subjected to axial cyclic loading. Second, an experimental study on the validity of Miner’s rule in non-cohesive soils based on high cyclic multi-amplitude and irregular cyclic direct simple shear experiments is presented. Third, a p-y model, which combines the analysis of cyclic deformation accumulation and dynamic analysis of laterally loaded offshore monopiles, is derived.
description: Die gestiegene Nachfrage nach erneuerbaren Energien erfordert effektive und genaue Bemessungsansätze für Offshore-Windparks. Hierfür ist es erforderlich langfristig die akkumulierten Verformungen zu prognostizieren sowie die Fundamentsteifigkeit zuverlässig abschätzen zu können. Ziel dieser Thesis ist es daher, ein verbessertes Verständnis des Pfahltragverhaltens bei zyklischer und dynamischer Belastung zu erlangen. Zunächst wird das Last-Verformungsverhalten von zyklisch axial belasteten Pfählen in Sand im ng-Modellversuch untersucht. Anschließend wird eine experimentelle Studie zur Gültigkeit der Miner’schen Regel an nichtbindigen Böden anhand von hochzyklischen Einfachscherversuchen mit Variation der Belastungsreihenfolge sowie irregulären Belastungsszenarien vorgestellt. Ferner wird ein Bettungsmodell eines lateral belasteten Pfahls entwickelt, welches Aspekte der zyklischen Verformungsakkumulation und der dynamischen Strukturanalyse in einem Modell kombiniert.
Teasing apart the heterogeneity of autism: Same behavior, different brains in toddlers with fragile X syndrome and autism
Creators: name: Hazlett, Heather
name: Piven, Joseph
name: Poe, Michele D
Publisher: name: Springer US
Year: 2009

description: Abstract To examine brain volumes in substructures associated with the behavioral features of children with FXS compared to children with idiopathic autism and controls. A cross-sectional study of brain substructures was conducted at the first time-point as part of an ongoing longitudinal MRI study of brain development in FXS. The study included 52 boys between 18–42 months of age with FXS and 118 comparison children (boys with autism-non FXS, developmental-delay, and typical development). Children with FXS and autistic disorder had substantially enlarged caudate volume and smaller amygdala volume; whereas those children with autistic disorder without FXS (i.e., idiopathic autism) had only modest enlargement in their caudate nucleus volumes but more robust enlargement of their amygdala volumes. Although we observed this double dissociation among selected brain volumes, no significant differences in severity of autistic behavior between these groups were observed. This study offers a unique examination of early brain development in two disorders, FXS and idiopathic autism, with overlapping behavioral features, but two distinct patterns of brain morphology. We observed that despite almost a third of our FXS sample meeting criteria for autism, the profile of brain volume differences for children with FXS and autism differed from those with idiopathic autism. These findings underscore the importance of addressing heterogeneity in studies of autistic behavior.
Gamma rays from a supernova of type Ia: SN2014J
Creators: name: Diehl, Roland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: SN2014J is the closest supernova of type Ia that occured in the last 40 years. This provides an opportunity for unprecedented observational detail and coverage in many astronomical bands, which will help to better understand the still unknown astrophysics of these supernovae. For the first time, such an event occurs sufficiently nearby so that also gamma rays are able to contribute to such investigations. This is important, as the primary source of the supernova light is the radioactive energy from about 0.5 M$_\odot$ of $^{56}$Ni produced in the explosion, and the gamma rays associated with this decay make the supernova shine for months. The INTEGRAL gamma-ray observatory of ESA has followed the supernova emission for almost 5 months. The characteristic gamma ray lines from the $^{56}$Ni decay chain through $^{56}$Co to $^{56}$Fe have been measured. We discuss these observations, and the implications of the measured gamma-ray line characteristics as they evolve.
description: 7 pages, 8 figures; highlight talk at AG conference Bamberg, Germany, Sep 2014
title: Ανάλυση και πρόβλεψη δεδομένων θνησιμότητας στην Ελλάδα
title: Analyzing and forecasting mortality data in Greece
Creators: name: Κοντος Σπυριδων
Publisher: name: Technical University of Crete
Year: 2023

description: Στη παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία αναλύονται τα δεδομένα θνησιμότητας στην Ελλάδα, κατά τα έτη 1990-2020. Τα δεδομένα εξάχθηκαν από τη βάση δεδομένων του Ευρωπαϊκού Στατιστικού Γραφείου (Eurostat) καθώς και από τη βάση δεδομένων «Human Mortality Database». Στο πρώτο μέρος της εργασίας,  χρησιμοποιείται ένα στοχαστικό μοντέλο για την εκτίμηση της μέσης διάρκειας ζωής και της «κατάστασης υγείας» του ελληνικού πληθυσμού στα χρόνια μελέτης, ανά περιφέρεια και φύλο. Επίσης, στους πίνακες αποτελεσμάτων εφαρμόζεται η Ιεραρχική μέθοδος ανάλυσης συστάδων (Agglomerative Hierarchical Clustering) , με σκοπό την περαιτέρω μελέτη τους και την εύρεση τυχόν ομαδοποιήσεων μεταξύ των περιφερειών και των ετών μελέτης. Στο δεύτερο μέρος της εργασίας, ερευνάται η απόδοση του νεύρο-ασαφούς συστήματος ασαφούς συμπερασμού – ANFIS στη πρόβλεψη του μηνιαίου αδρού δείκτη θνησιμότητας στην Ελλάδα κατά τα χρόνια 1990-2020. Παράλληλα, προτείνεται ένα μοντέλο εκπαίδευσης του ANFIS, το οποίο προέρχεται από τη θεωρία πρόβλεψης χαοτικών χρονοσειρών και η απόδοση του συγκρίνεται με την απόδοση άλλων μεθόδων πρόβλεψης.
Association of sperm protein 17 with A-kinase anchoring protein 3 in flagella
Creators: name: Widgren, Esther E
name: O'Rand, Michael G
name: Lea, Isabel A
Publisher: name: BioMed Central Ltd
Year: 2004

description: Abstract Background Sperm protein 17 (Sp17) is a three-domain protein that contains: 1) a highly conserved N-terminal domain that is 45% identical to the human type II alpha regulatory subunit (RII alpha) of protein kinase A (PKA); 2) a central sulphated carbohydrate-binding domain; and 3) a C-terminal Ca++/calmodulin (CaM) binding domain. Although Sp17 was originally discovered and characterized in spermatozoa, its mRNA has now been found in a variety of normal mouse and human tissues. However, Sp17 protein is found predominantly in spermatozoa, cilia and human neoplastic cell lines. This study demonstrates that Sp17 from spermatozoa binds A-kinase anchoring protein 3 (AKAP3), confirming the functionality of the N-terminal domain. Methods In this study in vitro precipitation and immunolocalization demonstrate that Sp17 binds to AKAP3 (AKAP110) in spermatozoa. Results Sp17 is present in the head and tail of spermatozoa, in the tail it is in the fibrous sheath, which contains AKAP3 and AKAP4. Recombinant AKAP3 and AKAP4 RII binding domains were synthesized as glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins immobilized on glutathione-agarose resin and added to CHAPS extracts of human spermatozoa. Western blots of bound and eluted proteins probed with anti-Sp17 revealed that AKAP3 bound and precipitated a significant level of Sp17 while AKAP4 did not. AKAP4 binds AKAP3 and expression of AKAP3 is reduced in AKAP4 knockout sperm, therefore we tested AKAP4 knockout spermatozoa for Sp17 and found that there was a reduction in the amount of Sp17 expressed when compared to wild type spermatozoa. Co-localization of AKAP3 and Sp17 by immunofluorescence was demonstrated along the length of the principal piece of the flagella. Conclusions As predicted by its N-terminal domain that is 45% identical to the human RIIα of PKA, Sp17 from spermatozoa binds the RII binding domain of AKAP3 along the length of the flagella.
The VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey XXI. Stellar spin rates of O-type spectroscopic binaries
Creators: name: Ramírez-Agudelo, O. H.
name: Sana, H.
name: de Mink, S. E.
name: Hénault-Brunet, V.
name: de Koter, A.
name: Langer, N.
name: Tramper, F.
name: Gräfener, G.
name: Evans, C. J.
name: Vink, J. S.
name: Dufton, P. L.
name: Taylor, W. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The initial distribution of spin rates of massive stars is a fingerprint of their elusive formation process. It also sets a key initial condition for stellar evolution and is thus an important ingredient in stellar population synthesis. So far, most studies have focused on single stars. Most O stars are however found in multiple systems. By establishing the spin-rate distribution of a sizeable sample of O-type spectroscopic binaries and by comparing the distributions of binary sub-populations with one another as well as with that of presumed single stars in the same region, we aim to constrain the initial spin distribution of O stars in binaries, and to identify signatures of the physical mechanisms that affect the evolution of the massive stars spin rates. We use ground-based optical spectroscopy obtained in the framework of the VLT-FLAMES Tarantula Survey (VFTS) to establish the projected equatorial rotational velocities (\vrot) for components of 114 spectroscopic binaries in 30 Doradus. The \vrot\ values are derived from the full-width at half-maximum (FWHM) of a set of spectral lines, using a FWHM vs. \vrot\ calibration that we derive based on previous line analysis methods applied to single O-type stars in the VFTS sample. The overall \vrot\ distribution of the primary stars resembles that of single O-type stars in the VFTS, featuring a low-velocity peak (at $\vrot < 200$ kms) and a shoulder at intermediate velocities ($200 < \vrot < 300$ kms). The distributions of binaries and single stars however differ in two ways. First, the main peak at $\vrot \sim$100 kms is broader and slightly shifted toward higher spin rates in the binary distribution compared to that of the presumed-single stars. Second, the \vrot distribution of primaries lacks a significant population of stars spinning faster than 300 kms while such a population is clearly present in the single star sample.
description: 16 pages, 16 figures, paper accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Optomechanical multistability in the quantum regime
Creators: name: Schulz, C.
name: Alvermann, A.
name: Bakemeier, L.
name: Fehske, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Classical optomechanical systems feature self-sustained oscillations, where multiple periodic orbits at different amplitudes coexist. We study how this multistability is realized in the quantum regime, where new dynamical patterns appear because quantum trajectories can move between different classical orbits. We explain the resulting quantum dynamics from the phase space point of view, and provide a quantitative description in terms of autocorrelation functions. In this way we can identify clear dynamical signatures of the crossover from classical to quantum mechanics in experimentally accessible quantities. Finally, we discuss a possible interpretation of our results in the sense that quantum mechanics protects optomechanical systems against the chaotic dynamics realized in the classical limit.
description: 6 pages, 8 figures. Final version as published
Integrating depression management into HIV primary care in central Malawi: the implementation of a pilot capacity building program
Creators: name: Udedi, Michael
name: Gaynes, Bradley
name: Kulisewa, Kazione
name: Mazenga, Alick C
name: Stockton, Melissa A
name: Pence, Brian
name: Mwagomba, Beatrice M
name: Hosseinipour, Mina
name: Mphonda, Steven M
Publisher: name: BioMed Central
Year: 2018

description: Abstract
                Background
                In Malawi, early retention in HIV care remains challenging. Depression is strongly associated with reduced anti-retroviral therapy (ART) adherence and viral suppression. Appropriate depression care for people initiating ART is likely to be supportive of early and continued engagement in the HIV care continuum. This paper aims to provide an overview of a task-shifting program that integrates depression screening and treatment into HIV care and the strategy used to evaluate this program, describes the implementation process, and discusses key challenges and lessons learned in the first phase of program implementation.
                Methods
                We are implementing a program integrating depression screening and treatment into HIV care initiation at two clinics in Lilongwe District, Malawi. The program’s effect on patients’ depression and HIV outcomes will be evaluated using a multiple baseline pre-post study. In this manuscript, we draw from our experiences as program implementers and some of the quantitative data to describe the process of implementation and key lessons learned.
                Results
                We successfully implemented the screening phase of this program at both clinics; 88.3 and 93.2% of newly diagnosed patients have been screened for depression at each clinic respectively. 25% of enrolled patients reported symptoms of mild-to-severe depression and only 6% reported symptoms of moderate-to-severe depression. Key lessons learned from the process show the importance of utilizing existing processes and infrastructure and focusing on iterative and collaborative learning. We continued to face challenges around establishing a sense of program ownership among providers, developing capacity to diagnose and manage depression, and ensuring the availability of appropriate medication. Our efforts to address these challenges provide insight into the technical and managerial support needed to prepare for, roll out, and sustain integrated models of mental health and HIV care.
                Conclusions
                This activity demonstrates how a depression screening program can successfully be integrated into HIV care within the public health system in Malawi. While this program focuses on integrating depression management into HIV care, most of the lessons learned could apply to integration of mental health into any non-psychiatric specialist setting.
                Trial registration
                    ClinicalTrials.gov
                   ID [
                    NCT03555669
                  ]. Retrospectively registered on 13 June 2018.
Silicene on metallic quantum wells - an efficient way of tuning silicene-substrate interaction
Creators: name: Podsiadły-Paszkowska, A.
name: Krawiec, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a powerful method of controlling interaction between silicene and a substrate utilizing quantum size effect, which allows to grow silicene with tailored electronic properties. As an example we consider silicene on ultrathin Pb(111) layers, and demonstrate how the properties of silicene, including the binding energy, and the Dirac bands, can easily be tuned by quantum well states of the substrate. We also discover a novel mechanism of protecting the Dirac electrons from the influence of the substrate. This is associated with special arrangement of a part of Si atoms in silicene. These findings emphasize the essential role of interfacial coupling and open new routes to create silicene-like two-dimensional structures with controlled electronic properties.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in Physical Review B
Exploring escalating interpersonal cheating behaviours
Creators: name: Spence, Katie
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: The infidelity literature within romantic relationships is well established. Yet these previous studies have tended to largely focus on infidelity between perpetrators and strangers. However, as most of us are aware either through our own lives, lives of others, or through popular media that perpetrators do not cheat with only strangers. Indeed, Shackelford and Buss (1996) found that people perceived cheating with a stranger to be less of a betrayal than cheating with an acquaintance but cheating with a friend was of greatest betrayal overall. No studies to date have investigated whether repeat offenders escalate their cheating behaviours by choice of interlopers. The present research studies aim to investigate both the perpetrator and victim sides and identify the main characteristics and personality traits that comprise of both. The present study is exploratory in nature and aims to determine the factors associated with interpersonal cheating behaviours for subsequent related studies.
Chemical evolution of the inner 2 degrees of the Milky Way bulge: [alpha/Fe] trends and metallicity gradients
Creators: name: Ryde, N.
name: Schultheis, M.
name: Grieco, V.
name: Matteucci, F.
name: Rich, R. M.
name: Uttenthaler, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The structure, formation, and evolution of the Milky Way bulge is a matter of debate. Important diagnostics for discriminating between bulge models include alpha-abundance trends with metallicity, and spatial abundance and metallicity gradients. Due to the severe optical extinction in the inner Bulge region, only a few detailed investigations have been performed of this region. Here we aim at investigating the inner 2 degrees by observing the [alpha/Fe] element trends versus metallicity, and by trying to derive the metallicity gradient. [alpha/Fe] and metallicities have been determined by spectral synthesis of 2 micron spectra observed with VLT/CRIRES of 28 M-giants, lying along the Southern minor axis at (l,b)=(0,0), (0,-1), and (0,-2). VLT/ISAAC spectra are used to determine the effective temperature of the stars. We present the first connection between the Galactic Center and the Bulge using similar stars, high spectral resolution, and analysis techniques. The [alpha/Fe] trends in all our 3 fields show a large similarity among each other and with trends further out in the Bulge, with a lack of an [α/Fe] gradient all the way into the centre. This suggests a homogeneous Bulge when it comes to the enrichment process and star-formation history. We find a large range of metallicities (-1.2
description: Accepted for publication in AJ
The Typical-State Paradox: Diagnosing Horizons with Complexity
Creators: name: Susskind, Leonard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The concept of transparent and opaque horizons is defined. One example of opaqueness is the presence of a firewall. Two apparently contradictory statements are reconciled: The overwhelming number of black hole states have opaque horizons; and: All black holes formed by natural processes have transparent horizons. A diagnostic is proposed for transparency, namely that the computational complexity of the state be increasing with time. It is shown that opaque horizons are extremely unstable and that the slightest perturbation will make them transparent within a scrambling time.
description: 18 pages, 7 figures
Brug af GPS til forståelse af krondyrs adfærd og præferencer
Creators: name: Olesen, Carsten Riis
name: Madsen, Torben Lynge
name: Skov-Petersen, Hans
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 8 No 16 (2009): Naturforvaltning
Self-energy enhancements in doped Mott insulators
Creators: name: Merino, J.
name: Gunnarsson, O.
name: Kotliar, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze enhancements in the magnitude of the self-energy for electrons far away from the Fermi surface in doped Mott insulators using the dynamical cluster approximation to the Hubbard model. For large onsite repulsion, U, and hole doping, the magnitude of the self-energy for imaginary frequencies at the top of the band (k=(pi,pi) is enhanced with respect to the self-energy magnitude at the bottom of the band (k=(0,0)). The self-energy behavior at these two k-points is switched for electron doping. Although the hybridization is much larger for (0,0) than for (pi,pi), we demonstrate that this is not the origin of this difference. Isolated clusters under a downward shift of the chemical potential, mu
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
GIS baseret analyse af landskabsændringer - et csae studie af landskabsændringer i et midtjysk landbrugslandskab mellem 1870-2006
Creators: name: Kristensen, Søren Bech Pilgaard
Publisher: name: Geoforum Perspektiv
Year: 2012

description: Geoforum Perspektiv, Vol 8 No 16 (2009): Naturforvaltning