cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Generating functions for the quotients of numerical semigroups
Creators: name: Liu, Feihu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We propose a class of generating functions denoted by $\textrm{RGF}_p(x)$, which is related to the Sylvester denumerant for the quotients of numerical semigroups. Using MacMahon's partition analysis, we can obtain $\textrm{RGF}_p(x)$ by extracting the constant term of a rational function. We use $\textrm{RGF}_p(x)$ to give a system of generators of the quotient of the numerical semigroup $\langle a_1,a_2,a_3\rangle$ by $p$ for a small positive integer $p$ and we characterise the generators for $\frac{\langle A\rangle}{p}$ for a general numerical semigroup $A$ and any positive integer $p$.
Boundary Chaos: Spectral Form Factor
Creators: name: Fritzsch, Felix
name: Prosen, Tomaž
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Random matrix spectral correlations is a defining feature of quantum chaos. Here, we study such correlations in a minimal model of chaotic many-body quantum dynamics where interactions are confined to the system's boundary, dubbed \textit{boundary chaos}, in terms of the spectral form factor and its fluctuations. We exactly calculate the latter in the limit of large local Hilbert space dimension $q$ for different classes of random boundary interactions and find it to coincide with random matrix theory, possibly after a non-zero Thouless time. The latter effect is due to a drastic enhancement of the spectral form factor, when integer time and system size fulfill a resonance condition. We compare our semiclassical (large $q$) results with numerics at small local Hilbert space dimension ($q=2,3$) and observe qualitatively similar features as in the semiclassical regime.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures
Quantum transition probability in convex sets and self-dual cones
Creators: name: Niestegge, Gerd
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The interplay between the algebraic structure (operator algebras) for the quantum observables and the convex structure of the state space has been explored for a long time and most advanced results are due to Alfsen and Shultz. Here we present a more elementary approach with a more generic structure for the observables, which focuses on the transition probability of the quantum logical atoms. The binary case gives rise to the generalized qubit models and was fully developed in a preceding paper. Here we consider any case with finite information capacity (binary means that the information capacity is 2). A novel geometric property that makes any compact convex set a matching state space is presented. Generally, the transition probability is not symmetric; if it is symmetric, we get an inner product and a self-dual cone. The emerging mathematical structure comes close to the Euclidean Jordan algebras and becomes a new mathematical model for a potential extension of quantum theory.
description: 23 pages, 3 figures
Entanglement smectic and stripe order
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Nilotpal
name: Moessner, Roderich
name: Doucot, Benoit
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Spontaneous symmetry breaking and more recently entanglement are two cornerstones of quantum matter. We introduce the notion of anisotropic entanglement ordered phases, where the spatial profile of spin-pseudospin entanglement spontaneously lowers the four-fold rotational symmetry of the underlying crystal to a two-fold one, while the charge density retains the full symmetry. The resulting phases, which we term $\textit{entanglement smectic}$ and $\textit{entanglement stripe}$, exhibit a rich Goldstone mode spectrum and a set of phase transitions as a function of underlying anisotropies. We discuss experimental consequences of such anisotropic entanglement phases distinguishing them from more conventional charge or spin stripes. Our discussion of this interplay between entanglement and spontaneous symmetry breaking focuses on multicomponent quantum Hall systems realizing textured Wigner crystals, as may occur in graphene or possibly also in moiré systems, highlighting the rich landscape and properties of possible entanglement ordered phases.
description: 4.5+6.5 pages;Published version
Global dynamics for the stochastic nonlinear beam equations on the four-dimensional torus
Creators: name: Chapouto, Andreia
name: Li, Guopeng
name: Liu, Ruoyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35L71, 35R60, 60H15

description: We study global-in-time dynamics of the stochastic nonlinear beam equations (SNLB) with an additive space-time white noise, posed on the four-dimensional torus. The roughness of the noise leads us to introducing a time-dependent renormalization, after which we show that SNLB is pathwise locally well-posed in all subcritical and most of the critical regimes. For the (renormalized) defocusing cubic SNLB, we establish pathwise global well-posedness below the energy space, by adapting a hybrid argument of Gubinelli- Koch-Oh-Tolomeo (2022) that combines the $I$-method with a Gronwall-type argument. Lastly, we show almost sure global well-posedness and invariance of the Gibbs measure for the stochastic damped nonlinear beam equations in the defocusing case.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2005.10570 by other authors
Is the atmosphere of the ultra-hot Jupiter WASP-121b variable?
Creators: name: Changeat, Quentin
name: Skinner, Jack W.
name: Cho, James Y-K.
name: Nättilä, Joonas
name: Waldmann, Ingo P.
name: Al-Refaie, Ahmed F.
name: Dyrek, Achrène
name: Edwards, Billy
name: Mikal-Evans, Thomas
name: Joshua, Max
name: Morello, Giuseppe
name: Skaf, Nour
name: Tsiaras, Angelos
name: Venot, Olivia
name: Yip, Kai Hou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive analysis of the Hubble Space Telescope observations of the atmosphere of WASP-121 b, a ultra-hot Jupiter. After reducing the transit, eclipse, and phase-curve observations with a uniform methodology and addressing the biases from instrument systematics, sophisticated atmospheric retrievals are used to extract robust constraints on the thermal structure, chemistry, and cloud properties of the atmosphere. Our analysis shows that the observations are consistent with a strong thermal inversion beginning at ~0.1 bar on the dayside, solar to subsolar metallicity Z (i.e., -0.77 < log(Z) < 0.05), and super-solar C/O ratio (i.e., 0.59 < C/O < 0.87). More importantly, utilizing the high signal-to-noise ratio and repeated observations of the planet, we identify the following unambiguous time-varying signals in the data: i) a shift of the putative hotspot offset between the two phase-curves and ii) varying spectral signatures in the transits and eclipses. By simulating the global dynamics of WASP-121 b atmosphere at high-resolution, we show that the identified signals are consistent with quasi-periodic weather patterns, hence atmospheric variability, with signatures at the level probed by the observations (~5% to ~10%) that change on a timescale of ~5 planet days; in the simulations, the weather patterns arise from the formation and movement of storms and fronts, causing hot (as well as cold) patches of atmosphere to deform, separate, and mix in time.
description: Accepted for publication in ApJS. 43 pages, 31 figures, 2 animations (available online at the journal)
Current progress on the semileptonic form factors for $\bar{B} \to D^{\ast} \ell \barν$ decay using the Oktay-Kronfeld action
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
name: Choi, Benjamin J.
name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Jang, Yong-Chull
name: Jwa, Seungyeob
name: Kim, Sunghee
name: Lee, Sunkyu
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Leem, Jaehoon
name: Pak, Jeonghwan
name: Park, Sungwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present recent progress in calculating the semileptonic form factors $h_{A_1}(w)$ for the $\bar{B} \to D^{\ast} \ell \barν$ decays. We use the Oktay-Kronfeld (OK) action for the charm and bottom valence quarks and the HISQ action for light quarks. We adopt the Newton method combined with the scanning method to find a good initial guess for the $χ^2$ minimizer in the fitting of the 2pt correlation functions. The main advantage is that the Newton method lets us to consume all the time slices allowed by the physical positivity. We report the first, reliable, but preliminary results for $h_{A_1}(w)/ρ_{A_1}$ at zero recoil ($w=1$). Here we use a MILC HISQ ensemble ($a = 0.12$ fm, $M_π$ = 220 MeV, and $N_f = 2 + 1 + 1$ flavors).
description: 9 pages, 3 figures, Lattice 2023 proceeding
Progress report on testing robustness of the Newton method in data analysis on 2-point correlation function using a MILC HISQ ensemble
Creators: name: Bhattacharya, Tanmoy
name: Choi, Benjamin J.
name: Gupta, Rajan
name: Jang, Yong-Chull
name: Jwa, Seungyeob
name: Kim, Sunghee
name: Lee, Sunkyu
name: Lee, Weonjong
name: Leem, Jaehoon
name: Pak, Jeonghwan
name: Park, Sungwoo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report recent progress in data analysis on the two point correlation functions which will be prerequisite to obtain semileptonic form factors for the $B_{(s)} \to D_{(s)}\ellν$ decays. We use a MILC HISQ ensemble for the measurement. We use the HISQ action for light quarks, and the Oktay-Kronfeld (OK) action for the heavy quarks ($b$ and $c$). We used a sequential Bayesian method for the data analysis. Here we test the new fitting methodology of Benjamin J.~Choi in a completely independent manner.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, Lattice 2023 proceedings
Optimization of ionic configurations in battery materials by quantum annealing
Creators: name: Binninger, Tobias
name: Ting, Yin-Ying
name: Kowalski, Piotr M.
name: Eikerling, Michael H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Energy materials with disorder in site occupation are challenging for computational studies due to an exponential scaling of the configuration space. We herein present a grand-canonical optimization method that enables the use of quantum annealing (QA) for sampling the ionic ground state. The method relies on a Legendre transformation of the Coulomb energy cost function that strongly reduces the effective coupling strengths of the fully connected problem, which is essential for effectiveness of QA. The approach is expected to be applicable to a variety of materials optimization problems.
Matrix product state ansatz for the variational quantum solution of the Heisenberg model on Kagome geometries
Creators: name: Javanmard, Younes
name: Liaubaite, Ugne
name: Osborne, Tobias J.
name: Xu, Xusheng
name: Yung, Man-Hong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Variational Quantum Eigensolver (VQE) algorithm, as applied to finding the ground state of a Hamiltonian, is particularly well-suited for deployment on noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices. Here we utilize the VQE algorithm with a quantum circuit ansatz inspired by the Density Matrix Renormalization Group (DMRG) algorithm. To ameliorate the impact of realistic noise on the performance of the method we employ zero-noise extrapolation. We find that, with realistic error rates, our DMRG-VQE hybrid algorithm delivers good results for strongly correlated systems. We illustrate our approach with the Heisenberg model on a Kagome lattice patch and demonstrate that DMRG-VQE hybrid methods can locate, and faithfully represent the physics of, the ground state of such systems. Moreover, the parameterized ansatz circuit used in this work is low-depth and requires a reasonably small number of parameters, so is efficient for NISQ devices.
Complete nonsingular holomorphic foliations on Stein manifolds
Creators: name: Alarcon, Antonio
name: Forstneric, Franc
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 32M17, 32M25, secondary 32H02, 37F75

description: Let $X$ be a Stein manifold of complex dimension $n>1$ endowed with a Riemannian metric $\mathfrak{g}$. We show that for every integer $k$ with $\left[\frac{n}{2}\right] \le k \le n-1$ there is a nonsingular holomorphic foliation of dimension $k$ on $X$ all of whose leaves are topologically closed and $\mathfrak{g}$-complete. The same is true if $1\le k<\left[\frac{n}{2}\right]$ provided that there is a complex vector bundle epimorphism $TX\to X\times\mathbb{C}^{n-k}$. We also show that if $\mathcal{F}$ is a proper holomorphic foliation on $\mathbb{C}^n$ $(n>1)$ then for any Riemannian metric $\mathfrak{g}$ on $\mathbb{C}^n$ there is a holomorphic automorphism $Φ$ of $\mathbb{C}^n$ such that the image foliation $Φ_*\mathcal{F}$ is $\mathfrak{g}$-complete. The analogous result is obtained on every Stein manifold with Varolin's density property.
description: Mediterranean J. Math., to appear. This version includes the final corrections
Quantum field heat engine powered by phonon-photon interactions
Creators: name: Ferreri, Alessandro
name: Macrì, Vincenzo
name: Wilhelm, Frank K.
name: Nori, Franco
name: Bruschi, David Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a quantum heat engine based on a cavity with two oscillating mirrors that confine a quantum field as the working substance. The engine performs an Otto cycle during which the walls and a field mode interact via a nonlinear Hamiltonian. Resonances between the frequencies of the cavity mode and the walls allow to transfer heat from the hot and the cold bath by exploiting the conversion between phononic and photonic excitations. We study the time evolution of the system and show that net work can be extracted after a full cycle. We evaluate the efficiency of the process.
Symplectic geometry of Teichmüller spaces for surfaces with ideal boundary
Creators: name: Alekseev, Anton
name: Meinrenken, Eckhard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D30

description: A hyperbolic 0-metric on a surface with boundary is a hyperbolic metric on its interior, exhibiting the boundary behavior of the standard metric on the Poincaré disk. Consider the infinite-dimensional Teichmüller spaces of hyperbolic 0-metrics on oriented surfaces with boundary, up to diffeomorphisms fixing the boundary and homotopic to the identity. We show that these spaces have natural symplectic structures, depending only on the choice of an invariant metric on sl(2,R). We prove that these Teichmüller spaces are Hamiltonian Virasoro spaces for the action of the universal cover of the group of diffeomorphisms of the boundary. We give an explicit formula for the Hill potential on the boundary defining the moment map. Furthermore, using Fenchel-Nielsen parameters we prove a Wolpert formula for the symplectic form, leading to global Darboux coordinates on the Teichmüller space.
description: 48 pages, 2 figures
Tidal Spin-up of Black Hole Progenitor Stars
Creators: name: Ma, Linhao
name: Fuller, Jim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational wave observations indicate the existence of merging black holes (BHs) with high spin ($a\gtrsim0.3$), whose formation pathways are still an open question. A possible way to form those binaries is through the tidal spin-up of a Wolf-Rayet (WR) star by its BH companion. In this work, we investigate this scenario by directly calculating the tidal excitation of oscillation modes in WR star models, determining the tidal spin-up rate, and integrating the coupled spin-orbit evolution for WR-BH binaries. We find that for short-period orbits and massive WR stars, the tidal interaction is mostly contributed by standing gravity modes, in contrast to Zahn's model of travelling waves which is frequently assumed in the literature. The standing modes are less efficiently damped than traveling waves, meaning that prior estimates of tidal spin-up may be overestimated. We show that tidal synchronization is rarely reached in WR-BH binaries, and the resulting BH spins have $a \lesssim 0.4$ for all but the shortest period ($P_{\rm orb} \! \lesssim 0.5 \, {\rm d}$) binaries. Tidal spin-up in lower-mass systems is more efficient, providing an anti-correlation between the mass and spin of the BHs, which could be tested in future gravitational wave data. Nonlinear damping processes are poorly understood but may allow for more efficient tidal spin-up. We also discuss a new class of gravito-thermal modes that appear in our calculations.
description: Accepted to ApJ, corrected by the erratum published at https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.3847/1538-4357/ad372c/meta
Unimodular Proca Theory: Breaking the U(1) gauge symmetry of unimodular gravity via a mass term
Creators: name: Isichei, Raymond
name: Magueijo, João
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the Hamiltonian structure of unimodular-like theories, where the cosmological constant (or other supposed constants of nature) are demoted from fixed parameters to classical constants of motion. No new local degrees of freedom are present as a result of a $U(1)$ gauge invariance of the theory. Hamiltonian analysis of the action reveals that the only possible gauge fixing that can be enforced is setting the spatial components of the four-volume time vector ${\cal T}^{i}\approx0$. As a consequence of this, the gauge-fixed unimodular path integral is equivalent to the minisuperspace unimodular path integral. However, should we break the $U(1)$ gauge invariance, two things happen: a massless propagating degree of freedom appears, and the (gauge-invariant) zero-mode receives modified dynamics. The implications are investigated, with the phenomenology depending crucially on the target ``constant''.
description: citations added to v2
Alert of the Second Decision-maker: An Introduction to Human-AI Conflict
Creators: name: Wen, He
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: The collaboration between humans and artificial intelligence (AI) is a significant feature in this digital age. However, humans and AI may have observation, interpretation, and action conflicts when working synchronously. This phenomenon is often masked by faults and, unfortunately, overlooked. This paper systematically introduces the human-AI conflict concept, causes, measurement methods, and risk assessment. The results highlight that there is a potential second decision-maker besides the human, which is the AI; the human-AI conflict is a unique and emerging risk in digitalized process systems; and this is an interdisciplinary field that needs to be distinguished from traditional fault and failure analysis; the conflict risk is significant and cannot be ignored.
Molecular chirality quantification: Tools and benchmarks
Creators: name: Abraham, Ethan
name: Nitzan, Abraham
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Molecular chirality has traditionally been viewed as a binary property where a molecule is classified as either chiral or achiral, yet in the recent decades mathematical methods for quantifying chirality have been explored. Here we use toy molecular systems to systematically compare the performance of two state of the art chirality measures (1) the Continuous Chirality Measure (CCM) and (2) the Chirality Characteristic ($χ$). We find that both methods exhibit qualitatively similar behavior when applied to simple molecular systems such as a four-site molecule or the polymer double-helix, but we show that the CCM may be more suitable for evaluating the chirality of arbitrary molecules or abstract structures such as normal vibrational modes. We discuss a range of considerations for applying these methods to molecular systems in general, and we provide links to user-friendly codes for both methods. We aim this paper to serve as a concise resource for scientists attempting to familiarize themselves with these chirality measures or attempting to implement chirality measures in their own work.
ВАРИАНТНАЯ ТОПОГРАФИЯ СОСУДОВ И НЕРВОВ КРУПНЫХ СУСТАВОВ КОНЕЧНОСТЕЙ, ЗНАЧИМАЯ  ДЛЯ ВЫПОЛНЕНИЯ ИХ ПУНКЦИЙ
Creators: name: Т.С. Гуща
name: Ю.М. Киселевский
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: На сегодняшний день отмечается значительный рост суставной патологии и чаще всего поражаются крупные суставы нижних конечностей. Состояние пациента характеризуется выраженным болевым синдромом, как при некоторых заболеваниях суставов, так и при травмах. При этом наиболее эффективной лечебно-диагностической процедурой становится пункция сустава с эвакуацией избытка синовиальной жидкости и введения лекарственных препаратов.
Arithmetic Ramsey theory over the primes
Creators: name: Chapman, Jonathan
name: Chow, Sam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11B30 (Primary), 05D10, 11D72, 11L15 (Secondary)

description: We study density and partition properties of polynomial equations in prime variables. We consider equations of the form $a_1h(x_1) + \cdots + a_sh(x_s)=b$, where the $a_i$ and $b$ are fixed coefficients, and $h$ is an arbitrary integer polynomial of degree $d$. Provided there are at least $(1+o(1))d^2$ variables, we establish necessary and sufficient criteria for this equation to have a monochromatic non-constant solution with respect to any finite colouring of the prime numbers. We similarly characterise when such equations admit solutions over any set of primes with positive relative upper density. In both cases, we obtain counting results which provide asymptotically sharp lower bounds for the number of monochromatic or dense solutions in primes. Our main new ingredient is a uniform lower bound on the cardinality of a prime polynomial Bohr set.
description: 35 pages
Separating a particle's mass from its momentum
Creators: name: Waegell, Mordecai
name: Tollaksen, Jeff
name: Aharonov, Yakir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Quantum Cheshire Cat experiment showed that when weak measurements are performed on pre- and post-selected system, the counterintuitive result has been obtained that a neutron is measured to be in one place without its spin, and its spin is measured to be in another place without the neutron. A generalization of this effect is presented with a massive particle whose mass is measured to be in one place with no momentum, while the momentum is measured to be in another place without the mass. The new result applies to any massive particle, independent of its spin or charge. A gedanken experiment which illustrates this effect is presented using a nested pair of Mach-Zehnder interferometers, but with some of the mirrors and beam splitters moving relative to the laboratory frame. The titular interpretation of this experiment is extremely controversial, and rests on several assumptions, which are discussed in detail. An alternative interpretation using the counterparticle model of Aharonov et al. is also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 4 figures
An Enhanced Modelling Approach for Warehouse Sharing Platform System Designing Problem
Creators: name: Xing, Zeren
name: Wu, Yuehui
name: Yu, Shuangyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: With the increasing importance of sustainability, warehouse sharing arises as a possible way to improve the efficiency of the existing logistics system. This paper studied the warehouse sharing platform systems (WSPS) and investigated its supply chain network, including factories, warehouses, and customers. We proposed an enhanced modelling approach for the warehouse sharing platform system design problem (WSPSDP) using the multi-allocation hub location routing problem framework. New elements such as inter-warehouse transportation and multiple-allocation scheme were added compared to the existing WSPS model. Then an adaptive large neighbourhood decomposition search heuristic was applied to solve our problem. Computational experiments were conducted on different-sized instances for comparison with the WSPS model without inter-warehouse transportation and the WSPS model with single-allocation scheme. The results suggested that our proposed WSPSDP model is more cost-efficient than the existing WSPS models, and it has the potential to promote the utilisation of existing cheap idle warehouses.
Positional Encoding Helps Recurrent Neural Networks Handle a Large Vocabulary
Creators: name: Morita, Takashi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Neural and Evolutionary Computing (cs.NE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This study reports an unintuitive finding that positional encoding enhances learning of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Positional encoding is a high-dimensional representation of time indices on input data. Most famously, positional encoding complements the capabilities of Transformer neural networks, which lack an inherent mechanism for representing the data order. By contrast, RNNs can encode the temporal information of data points on their own, rendering their use of positional encoding seemingly redundant/unnecessary. Nonetheless, investigations through synthetic benchmarks reveal an advantage of coupling positional encoding and RNNs, especially for handling a large vocabulary that yields low-frequency tokens. Further scrutinization unveils that these low-frequency tokens destabilizes the gradients of vanilla RNNs, and the positional encoding resolves this instability. These results shed a new light on the utility of positional encoding beyond its canonical role as a timekeeper for Transformers.
description: Accepted in TMLR. Added a URL link to the official code and fixed a typo
Three-point Energy Correlators in Hadronic Higgs Decays
Creators: name: Yang, Tong-Zhi
name: Zhang, Xiaoyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the analytic calculation of the leading order three-point energy correlator (EEEC) in hadronic Higgs decays, including both gluon-initiated channel $H\rightarrow g g+X$ and quark-initiated channel $H\rightarrow q\bar q+X$. The phase space integration is evaluated directly using Mandelstam variables $s_{ij}=(p_i+p_j)^2$, and the appearing square roots can be rationalized by either conformal ratios or celestial coordinate variables. Throughout the calculation, we observe the same transcendental function space as in $\mathcal{N}=4$ super Yang-Mills (SYM) theory and $e^+e^-\rightarrow \text{ hadrons}$. Different infrared limits are also explored using the full analytic result, offering the fixed-order data for EEEC factorization and resummation. Given its non-trivial shape dependence, the EEEC presents an excellent opportunity to explore the dynamics of gluon jets originating from the $H \to gg$ decay channel at future lepton colliders.
description: 18 pages, 9 figures, ancillary files with results
EXPLORING LOVE AND TRAGEDY IN WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE'S «ROMEO AND JULIET»
Creators: name: Hamdamova Zebo Ilhom qizi Th student of Chirchik State Pedagogical University Email: khamdamovazebo4@gmail.com Scientific advisor: Khamitov Eldorbek Erkin o'g'li
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description:     William Shakespeare's timeless play «Romeo and Juliet» continues to captivate audiences with its poignant exploration of love and tragedy. This article delves into the themes, characters, and literary devices employed by Shakespeare to craft a narrative that transcends generations. Through an analysis of key scenes and moments, this article aims to shed light on the enduring relevance and impact of «Romeo and Juliet» in contemporary society.

    Key words: William Shakespeare, Romeo and Juliet, love, tragedy, themes, characters, literary devices.
The SRG-eROSITA All-Sky Survey : Constraints on f(R) Gravity from Cluster Abundance
Creators: name: Artis, E.
name: Ghirardini, V.
name: Bulbul, E.
name: Grandis, S.
name: Garrel, C.
name: Clerc, N.
name: Seppi, R.
name: Comparat, J.
name: Cataneo, M.
name: Bahar, Y. E.
name: Balzer, F.
name: Chiu, I.
name: Gruen, D.
name: Kleinebreil, F.
name: Kluge, M.
name: Krippendorf, S.
name: Li, X.
name: Liu, A.
name: Merloni, A.
name: Miyatake, H.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Nandra, K.
name: Okabe, N.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Predehl, P.
name: Ramos-Ceja, M. E.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Sanders, J. S.
name: Schrabback, T.
name: Zelmer, S.
name: Zhang, X.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolution of the cluster mass function traces the growth of the linear density perturbations and can be utilized for constraining the parameters of cosmological and alternative gravity models. In this context, we present new constraints on potential deviations from general relativity by investigating the Hu-Sawicki parametrization of the f(R) gravity with the first SRG-eROSITA All-Sky Survey (eRASS1) cluster catalog in the Western Galactic Hemisphere in combination with the overlapping Dark Energy Survey Year 3, KiloDegree Survey and Hyper Supreme Camera data for weak lensing mass calibration. For the first time, we present constraints obtained from cluster abundances only. When we consider massless neutrinos, we find a strict upper limit of log |fR0| < -4.31 at 95% confidence level. Massive neutrinos suppress structure growth at small scales, and thus have the opposite effect of f(R) gravity. We consequently investigate the joint fit of the mass of the neutrinos with the modified gravity parameter. We obtain log |fR0| < -4.12 jointly with \sum m_ν< 0.44 e.V. at 95% confidence level, tighter than the limits in the literature utilizing cluster counts only. At log |fR0|= - 6, the number of clusters is not significantly changed by the theory.
 Consequently, we do not find any statistical deviation from general relativity from the study of eRASS1 cluster abundance. Deeper surveys with eROSITA, increasing the number of detected clusters, will further improve constraints on log |fR0| and investigate alternative gravity theories.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, submitted to A&A
Bosonic Pauli+: Efficient Simulation of Concatenated Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill Codes
Creators: name: Hopfmueller, Florian
name: Tremblay, Maxime
name: St-Jean, Philippe
name: Royer, Baptiste
name: Lemonde, Marc-Antoine
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A promising route towards fault-tolerant quantum error correction is the concatenation of a Gottesman-Kitaev-Preskill (GKP) code with a qubit code. Development of such concatenated codes requires simulation tools which realistically model noise, while being able to simulate the dynamics of many modes. However, so far, large-scale simulation tools for concatenated GKP codes have been limited to idealized noise models and GKP code implementations. Here, we introduce the Bosonic Pauli+ model (BP+), which can be simulated efficiently for a large number of modes, while capturing the rich dynamics in the bosonic multi-mode Hilbert space. We demonstrate the method by simulating a hybrid surface code, where the data qubits are finite-energy GKP qubits stabilized using the small-Big-small (sBs) protocol, and the syndrome qubits are standard two-level systems. Using BP+, we present logical error rates of such an implementation. Confidence in the accuracy of the method is gained by comparing its predictions with full time evolution simulations for several relevant quantum circuits. While developed specifically for GKP qubits stabilized using the sBs protocol, the mathematical structure of BP+ is generic and may be applicable also to the simulation of concatenations using other bosonic codes.
description: v3: addressed reviewer comments. 22 pages + references + appendices, 12 figures
Depth-dependent study of time-reversal symmetry-breaking in the kagome superconductor $A$V$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$
Creators: name: Graham, J. N.
name: Mielke, C.
name: Das, D.
name: Morresi, T.
name: Sazgari, V.
name: Suter, A.
name: Prokscha, T.
name: Deng, H.
name: Khasanov, R.
name: Wilson, S. D.
name: Salinas, A. C.
name: Martins, M. M.
name: Zhong, Y.
name: Okazaki, K.
name: Wang, Z.
name: Hasan, M. Z.
name: Fischer, M.
name: Neupert, T.
name: Yin, J. -X.
name: Sanna, S.
name: Luetkens, H.
name: Salman, Z.
name: Bonfa, P.
name: Guguchia, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The breaking of time-reversal symmetry (TRS) in the normal state of kagome superconductors $A$V$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ stands out as a significant feature. Yet the extent to which this effect can be tuned remains uncertain, a crucial aspect to grasp in light of the varying details of TRS breaking observed through different techniques. Here, we employ the unique low-energy muon spin rotation technique combined with local field numerical analysis to study the TRS breaking response as a function of depth from the surface in single crystals of RbV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ with charge order and Cs(V$_{0.86}$Ta$_{0.14}$)$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ without charge order. In the bulk (i.e., > 33 nm from the surface) of RbV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$, we have detected a notable increase in the internal magnetic field width experienced by the muon ensemble. This increase occurs only within the charge ordered state. Intriguingly, the muon spin relaxation rate is significantly enhanced near the surface (i.e., < 33 nm from the surface) of RbV$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$, and this effect commences at temperatures significantly higher than the onset of charge order. Conversely, in Cs(V$_{0.86}$Ta$_{0.14}$)$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$, we do not observe a similar enhancement in the internal field width, neither in the bulk nor near the surface. These observations indicate a strong connection between charge order and TRS breaking on one hand, and on the other hand, suggest that TRS breaking can occur prior to long-range charge order. This research offers compelling evidence for depth-dependent magnetism in $A$V$_{3}$Sb$_{5}$ superconductors in the presence of charge order. Such findings are likely to elucidate the intricate microscopic mechanisms that underpin the TRS breaking phenomena in these materials.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
The pervasiveness of shape coexistence in nuclear pair condensates
Creators: name: Lei, Y.
name: Qi, J.
name: Lu, Y.
name: Jiang, H.
name: Qin, Z. Z.
name: Liu, D.
name: Johnson, Calvin W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate nuclear shape coexistence for a wide range of even-even nuclides. By varying general pair condensates, which include Slater determinants as a limit but also allow for arbitrary pairing channels, we frequently find multiple coexisting mimina, and often more than two. This is consistent with recent experimental results. In order to measure general pairwise correlations beyond a simple Slater determinant, we introduce a novel entropy-like measure, which is smallest mid-shell and largest near shell closures; this is consistent with a picture of pairing-like behavior dominating near closed shells and deformation mid-shell. After surveying nuclides spanning from the $sd$ shell to nuclides between magic numbers 50 and 82, we focus on the six lightest nuclei with shape coexistence. Angular-momentum projected variational pair condensate (PVPC) calculations identify band structures, including two newly proposed coexisting bands in $^{26}$Si/Mg and $^{24}$Si/Ne. The PVPC results agree well with data, providing robust experimental support for the pervasiveness of coexistence in these light nuclei.
description: 13 pages, 5 figures
Towards early fault tolerance on a 2$\times$N array of qubits equipped with shuttling
Creators: name: Siegel, Adam
name: Strikis, Armands
name: Fogarty, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well understood that a two-dimensional grid of locally-interacting qubits is a promising platform for achieving fault tolerant quantum computing. However in the near-future, it may prove less challenging to develop lower dimensional structures. In this paper, we show that such constrained architectures can also support fault tolerance; specifically we explore a 2$\times$N array of qubits where the interactions between non-neighbouring qubits are enabled by shuttling the logical information along the rows of the array. Despite the apparent constraints of this setup, we demonstrate that error correction is possible and identify the classes of codes that are naturally suited to this platform. Focusing on silicon spin qubits as a practical example of qubits believed to meet our requirements, we provide a protocol for achieving full universal quantum computation with the surface code, while also addressing the additional constraints that are specific to a silicon spin qubit device. Through numerical simulations, we evaluate the performance of this architecture using a realistic noise model, demonstrating that both surface code and more complex qLDPC codes efficiently suppress gate and shuttling noise to a level that allows for the execution of quantum algorithms within the classically intractable regime. This work thus brings us one step closer to the execution of quantum algorithms that outperform classical machines.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures
Levate Oculos: En hommage aux pères et aux frères Oblats de Marie-Immaculée de Saint-Jean 1908 – 2008
Creators: Levasseur-Ouimet, France
Publisher: name: University of Alberta Library
Year: 2008

Les Oblats missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée sont arrivés au Canada en 1841 et dans l’Ouest canadien quelques années plus tard. Le Juniorat Saint-Jean, fondé à Pincher Creek en 1908, compte parmi leurs plus belles réalisations et pourtant il y en a eu beaucoup.

Au moment de sa fondation Saint-Jean a pour but de former des jeunes gens à la vie sacerdotale et religieuse. Mais au fil des ans, l’institution va changer et évoluer afin de mieux répondre non seulement aux besoins de la congrégation oblate mais aussi aux besoins de la communauté franco-albertaine au sein de laquelle le Juniorat s’est établi.

Il est tout à fait juste de dire que les pères Oblats ont donné à Saint-Jean une vision et une mission particulière fondées sur le service, le don et le respect d’autrui. Pour plusieurs, Saint-Jean représente aussi la volonté d’une minorité de vivre pleinement sa différence.

Le nombre des anciens étudiants et étudiantes de Saint-Jean se chiffre maintenant à des milliers éparpillés un peu partout dans le monde. On les reconnaît par leurs souvenirs et l’amour qu’ils ressentent pour l’institution qui a abrité leur jeunesse, leurs espoirs, leurs rêves et par le respect qu’ils ont gardé pour le travail des pères et frères Oblats missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée.

Saint-Jean est le fruit du travail et de la volonté de cent douze pères et frères Oblats qui ont oeuvré à Saint-Jean pendant les 70 premières années de son histoire. Préparé à l’occasion du centenaire de Saint-Jean, ce livre-souvenir a pour but de rappeler la contribution des Oblats missionnaires de Marie-Immaculée de la célébrer et d’inviter leurs successeurs de s’inspirer de leur dévouement à l’épreuve de tout.
Dynamical properties and detectability of the magneto-thermal instability in the intracluster medium
Creators: name: Kempf, Jean M.
name: Rincon, Francois
name: Clerc, Nicolas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Amongst many plasma processes potentially relevant to the dynamics of the intracluster medium (ICM), turbulence driven at observable scales by internal magnetised buoyancy instabilities like the magneto-thermal instability (MTI) stand out in the ICM outskirt, where the background temperature decreases with radius. Aims. We characterise the statistical properties of MTI turbulence and assess whether such magnetised dynamics would be detectable with the future X-ray calorimeter X-IFU onboard ATHENA. Methods. We make use of scaling laws derived by Perrone & Latter (2022a,b) to estimate the observable turbulent saturation levels and injection length of MTI turbulence for different ICM thermodynamic profiles, and perform a numerical MHD simulation of the dynamics with Braginskii heat and momentum diffusion. As a prospective exercise, we use the simulation to virtually observe MTI turbulence through the X-IFU. Results. In bright enough regions amenable to X-ray observations, the MTI drives mild turbulence up to $\sim$ 5% and $\sim$ 100 km/s (rms temperature fluctuation and velocity). However, the measurable integrated temperature fluctuation and line-of-sight velocity fields, which is essentially the azimuthal velocity component in cluster haloes, hardly exceed 1% and 10 km/s respectively. We show that such moderate signals would be hard to detect with upcoming X-ray telescopes. MTI turbulence is anisotropic in the direction of the gravity. If the fluctuation intensities were to be stronger than the current theoretical estimates, MTI fluctuations may be detectable and their anisotropy discernible with the X-IFU. Conclusions. Finding direct signatures of magnetised dynamics in the ICM, even at observable scales typical of the MTI, remains challenging. This study is a first step in this direction. Several numerical and observational strategies are discussed to make further progress.
description: 20 pages, 13 figures, published in A&A, typo fixed in Eq. (8) wrt the first arXiv version v1, and in Eqs. (10)-(11) wrt both the arXiv v1 and editor's versions
Eccentric Mergers in AGN Discs: Influence of the Supermassive Black-Hole on Three-body Interactions
Creators: name: Fabj, Gaia
name: Samsing, Johan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are indications that stellar-origin black holes (BHs) are efficiently paired up in binary black holes (BBHs) in Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) disc environments, which can undergo interactions with single BHs in the disc. Such binary-single interactions can potentially lead to an exceptionally high fraction of gravitational-wave mergers with measurable eccentricity in LIGO/Virgo/KAGRA. We here take the next important step in this line of studies, by performing post-Newtonian N-body simulations between migrating BBHs and single BHs set in an AGN disc-like configuration with a consistent inclusion of the central supermassive black hole (SMBH) in the equations of motion. With this setup, we study how the fraction of eccentric mergers varies in terms of the initial size of the BBH semi-major axis relative to the Hill sphere, as well as how it depends on the angle between the BBH and the incoming single BH. We find that the fraction of eccentric mergers is still relatively large, even when the interactions are notably influenced by the gravitational field of the nearby SMBH. However, the fraction as a function of the BBH semi-major axis does not follow a smooth functional shape, but instead shows strongly varying features that originate from the underlying phase-space structure. The phase-space further reveals that many of the eccentric mergers are formed through prompt scatterings. Finally, we present the first analytical solution to how the presence of an SMBH in terms of its Hill sphere affects the probability for forming eccentric BBH mergers through chaotic three-body interactions.
description: Accepted by MNRAS, 16 pages, 11 figures