cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Analyse des transferts thermiques au sein d'un écoulement de convection naturelle dans un espace confiné comportant un obstacle partiellement chauffé.
Creators: name: Weppe, Alexandre
name: Moreau, Florian
name: Saury, Didier
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2021
Subjects: convection naturelle
étude expérimentale
transfert de chaleur

description: Les écoulements soumis à des effets de flottabilité prépondérants sont observés dans de nombreuses applications industrielles, et en particulier dans les secteurs du nucléaire et de l'automobile. On peut citer la problématique du refroidissement d'un compartiment moteur qui est un point essentiel dans le dimensionnement d'un véhicule. Par exemple, suite à un arrêt brutal du moteur après une forte sollicitation, l'intégrité du moteur doit être préservée alors même qu'il n'est plus refroidi par un écoulement externe forcé. Pour de telles situations, la convection naturelle, souvent en régime turbulent, doit permettre d'assurer le refroidissement (cas dimensionnant). Le projet, au sein duquel s'inscrit cette étude expérimentale, a pour ambition de résoudre les problèmes rencontrés par les partenaires industriels lors de simulations d'écoulements turbulents avec effets de flottabilité dominants en espace confiné ainsi que d'améliorer la compréhension des phénomènes physiques observés pour ce type d'écoulement. En effet, à ce jour, les modèles RANS développés pour obtenir des temps de calculs adaptés à un contexte industriel ne rendent pas compte avec précision suffisante des interactions entre la turbulence et les effets de flottabilité et par conséquent les transferts sont mal quantifiés. Une configuration de référence est définie, permettant d'étudier un écoulement en espace confiné représentatif des régimes rencontrés dans le domaine automobile. Le compartiment moteur a été simplifié en une cavité cubique comportant en son sein un autre bloc cubique partiellement chauffé sur l'une de ses faces. Pour cette étude, un écoulement caractérisé par un nombre de Rayleigh basé sur la hauteur du bloc chauffant $Ra_H=1,33(\pm 0,06)\cdot 10^9$ est étudié. Pour obtenir cet écoulement, l'obstacle cubique de dimension $H\times H \times H=L_{obstacle}^3=(0,8 m)^3$ est placé au centre d'une cavité cubique de dimensions supérieures $L \times L \times L=(1 m)^3$. Cet obstacle est exclusivement chauffé sur l'une de ses faces latérales verticales à une température $\unit{T_c}$ tandis que deux parois verticales de la grande cavité le contenant sont maintenues à une température $\unit{T_f}$ de sorte que l'on obtienne une différence de température $\Delta T=T_c-T_f (=32,5\dC)$. Il s'agit de la paroi de la grande cavité en vis-à-vis de la face à $\unit{T_c}$ et de la paroi opposée à cette dernière. Les autres parois verticales ainsi que les deux parois horizontales haute et basse de la grande cavité sont adiabatiques. Dans ce travail, des profils de température obtenus par micro-thermocouple dans le plan médian de la cavité ainsi que des flux thermiques en paroi sont présentés et analysés.
Dust-to-gas ratios in the starburst regions of luminous infrared galaxies
Creators: name: Contini, Marcella
name: Contini, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the properties of dust and dust-to-gas ratios in different starburst regions of luminous infrared galaxies (LIGs). We refer to the sample of seven LIGs recently observed in the mid-infrared by Soifer et al. (2001) using the Keck telescopes with spatial resolution approaching the diffraction limit. These seven objects are among the closest LIGs and have been classified as starburst galaxies from optical spectroscopy. Our goal consists in modelling the continuum spectral energy distribution (SED) of each galaxy, particularly in the infrared range. Models are further constrained by observed emission-line ratios in the optical range. The multi-cloud models consistently account for the coupled effect of shock, photoionization by hot stars, and diffuse secondary radiation from the shock-heated gas. Emission from clouds in the neighbourhood of evolved starbursts and with high shock velocities (~ 500 km/s) explains both the bremsstrahlung and reradiation from dust in the mid-infrared. Clouds with lower velocity (~ 100 km/s) and corresponding to younger starbursts also contribute to both line and continuum spectra. Both low- and high-velocity clouds are thus present in nearly all the sample galaxies. For all the galaxies, an old stellar population is revealed by black body emission in the optical-NIR range. Dust-to-gas ratios vary in different regions of individual galaxies.
description: 17 pages, 16 figures, and 12 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Using choice experiments to improve the design of weed decision support tools
Creators: name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Llewellyn, Rick S.
name: Kragt, Marit Ellen
name: Llewellyn, Rick S.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Farm Management
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Decision support
subject: Weed management
subject: Herbicide resistance
subject: Adoption
subject: Agriculture
subject: Choice Modelling

description: The potential for computer-based decision support tools (DSTs) to better inform farm management decisions is well-recognised. However, despite considerable investment in a wide range of tools, the uptake by advisers and farmers remains low. Greater understanding of the demand and the most valued features of decision support tools has been proposed as an important step in improving the impact of DSTs. Using a choice experiment, we estimated the values that Australian farm advisers attach to specific attributes of decision support tools, in this case relating to weed and herbicide resistance management. The surveys were administered during dedicated workshops with participants who give weed management advice to grain growers. Results from various discrete choice models showed that advisers’ preferences differ between private fee-charging consultants, those attached to retail outlets for cropping inputs, and advisers from the public sector. Reliably accurate results were valued, but advisers placed a consistently high value on models with an initial input time of three hours or less, compared to models that are more time demanding. Results from latent class models revealed a large degree of personal preference heterogeneity across advisers. Although the majority of advisers attributed some value to the capacity for DST output that is specific to individual paddocks, approximately one quarter of respondents preferred generic predictions for the district rather than greater specificity. The use of a novel non-market valuation approach can help to inform development of decision support tools with attributes valued by potential users.
description: This paper has been published in a peer-reviewed journal as: Kragt, M.E. & Llewellyn, R. (2014) Using a Choice experiment to improve Decision Support Tool design. Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, 36(2): 351-371. DOI: 10.1093/aepp/ppu001
Impact of Panama Canal Expansion on the U.S. Intermodal System
Creators: name: Salin, Delmy L.
name: Salin, Delmy L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Panama Canal
subject: expansion
subject: shipping
subject: intermodal

description: The Panama Canal expansion is expected to affect global transportation trade routes. The Panama Canal’s main competitors for shipments from Asia to the U.S. East Coast are the U.S. Intermodal System and the Suez Canal. The Panama Canal is an efficient route, but is reaching its maximum capacity. However, this problem will be resolved by 2014 when the Panama Canal Expansion Project is completed. The Suez Canal route, especially, competes with the Panama Canal in the South and Southeast Asia–U.S. East Coast route due to its shorter navigation time of 21.1 days and its capacity to handle Post-Panamax vessels. The U.S. Intermodal System has the shortest ocean navigation time (Asia to U.S. West Coast) of 12.3 days. Transit time from the West Coast to the East Coast is another 6 days, for a total transit time from Asia to the East Coast of about 18.3 days. However, the reliability of ports and railroads frequently is compromised by labor problems and capacity expansion challenges. For the U.S. Intermodal System to remain competitive in the face of the Panama Canal expansion, further investment in U.S. infrastructure and a more integrated approach is needed to reduced bottlenecks in the system.
Jumptime unraveling of Markovian open quantum systems
Creators: name: Gneiting, Clemens
name: Rozhkov, Alexander V.
name: Nori, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce jumptime unraveling as a distinct description of open quantum systems. As our starting point, we consider quantum jump trajectories, which emerge, physically, from continuous quantum measurements, or, formally, from the unraveling of Markovian quantum master equations. If the stochastically evolving quantum trajectories are ensemble-averaged at specific times, the resulting quantum states are solutions to the associated quantum master equation. We demonstrate that quantum trajectories can also be ensemble-averaged at specific jump counts. The resulting jumptime-averaged quantum states are then solutions to a discrete, deterministic evolution equation, with time replaced by the jump count. This jumptime evolution represents a trace-preserving quantum dynamical map if and only if the associated open system does not exhibit dark states. In the presence of dark states, on the other hand, jumptime-averaged states may decay into the dark states and the jumptime evolution may eventually terminate. Jumptime-averaged quantum states and the associated jumptime evolution are operationally accessible in continuous measurement schemes, when quantum jumps are detected and used to trigger the readout measurements. We illustrate the jumptime evolution with the examples of a two-level system undergoing relaxation or dephasing, a damped harmonic oscillator, and a free particle exposed to collisional decoherence.
description: Corresponds to published version. 11 pages
O CRÉDITO BANCÁRIO COMO ESTRATÉGIA DE INSERÇÃO DAS PEQUENAS E MÉDIAS EMPRESAS NO MERCADO INTERNACIONAL
Creators: name: Carvalho, Eveline Barbosa
name: Carvalho, Eveline Barbosa
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Financial Economics
subject: estratégias de exportação
subject: crédito bancário
subject: pequenas e médias empresas

description: Trata-se de estudo de caso comparativo entre Brasil, Estados Unidos e Itália sobre o crédito bancário como fator estratégico para a participação mais efetiva das pequenas e médias empresas, no valor das exportações. Análisa do crédito bancário, com sua conceituação, principais características e sua utilização pelos três países, compara a estratégia de utilização do crédito e as estratégias de apoio governamental nos três países e analisa como as pequenas e médias empresas respondem a esses estímulos. Descrição das principais linhas de crédito para exportação no Brasil, com seus facilitadores e entraves burocráticos, que dificultam o acesso para as pequenas e médias empresas. Com base em análise estatística e apresentação de estudos de caso são sugeridas estratégias para tornar o crédito, no Brasil, mais acessível e capaz de trazer resultados mais expressivos para as exportações brasileiras.
Additional file 8 of Analyses and interpretation of whole-genome gene expression from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue: an illustration with breast cancer tissues
Creators: name: Kibriya, Muhammad G
name: Jasmine, Farzana
name: Shantanu Roy
name: Paul-Brutus, Rachelle M
name: Argos, Maria
name: Habibul Ahsan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 8
Trinoridia trifida Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Trinoridia
Trinoridia trifida

description: Trinoridia trifida, sp. nov.
(Plate 7F, Fig. 424-430)
 Description. Length. Male 9.80 mm., female unknown.
 External morphology. Large, robust species. General color dark brown, cells of forewings translucent, veins marked with yellow stripes; mesonotum tannish with dark brown markings; pronotum black, bullae yellow; crown light brown; eyes dark brown; face dark brown, clypeus and ocellocular area dark tannish; head distinctly narrower than pronotum, anterior margin obtusely rounded; crown short, broad, narrower than width of eyes; eyes large, elongate ovoid; pronotum large, about twice as long medially as crown, surface bullated; mesonotum very large, nearly twice as long as pronotum; forewings with typical venation; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus narrow, apex slightly flared laterally.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view narrowly triangulate, small lobe apically (Fig. 424); aedeagus long, tubular, very narrow, sinuate in lateral view, processes very short, gonopore subapical (Fig. 425, 426); dorsal connective, very long, narrow (Fig. 427); style short, apophysis narrow (Fig. 428); connective large, lateral arms triangulate, lateral margins produced anterior to membrane, medial ridge complete, stem short, digitate (Fig. 429); subgenital plate long, narrow, few microsetae apically (Fig. 430).
 Material examined. Holotype male. MALAYSIA: Pahang. 2009, Cameron Highlands, Tanah Rata, vill. envir. ca. 1470-1550 m., 04 o 28.4-7’N. 101 o 21.6-22.1’E, sweeping/beating, P. Banar, M. Tryzna and P. Pacholatko leg. 18 iv. – 15.v. (MMBC) [second label has Cameroon data, not affiliated with Malaysia].
 Etymology. The name of the species is descriptive for the 3 short, glabrous processes on the aedeagus.
 Remarks. From T. calcaris to which it is similar in male genitalia, T. trifida can be distinguished by the narrow triangulate pygofer, the larger connective with short ligulate stem and narrower apophysis of the style.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on page 73, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
PROPOSTA DE METODOLOGIA DE RATING PARA COOPERATIVAS AGROPECUÁRIAS
Creators: name: COSTA, DAVI ROGÉRIO DE MOURA
name: NETO, SIGISMUNDO BIALOSKORSKI
name: COSTA, DAVI ROGÉRIO DE MOURA
name: NETO, SIGISMUNDO BIALOSKORSKI
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2006
Subjects: Agribusiness
Agricultural and Food Policy

description: A partir do inicio da década de noventa ocorreram diversas mudanças no ambiente institucional do cooperativismo brasileiro, dentre eles a extinção do Banco Nacional de Crédito Cooperativo (BNCC) e problemas macroeconômicos na agricultura elevaram a necessidade das cooperativas obter recursos financeiros junto a terceiros. Diante do novo cenário e baseado em teorias econômicas que apontam que a existência de assimetria de informações, manifestadas nas formas de seleção adversa ou risco moral (moral hazard), gera ineficiência no funcionamento do mercado procurou-se estudar mecanismos de sinalização para reduzir essa assimetria entre gestores das cooperativas e mercado. Assim foi desenvolvida e testada uma metodologia por meio de um estudo de caso. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que a metodologia criada é aplicável e que seus resultados seriam mais significativos se houvesse a discussão sobre os pesos dos indicadores e das notas dos tópicos e grupos, nos denominados comitês de rating, a exemplo do que é feito pelas agências que os elaboram. Como sugestão, é apresentada a necessidade de que novas aplicações da metodologia sejam realizadas para testá-la junto a outras organizações, de forma a consolidá-la como um sinalizador a ser usado pelo mercado e cooperado.
Mesure transitoire et sans contact de champ de température par thermotransmittance dans des milieux semi-transparents à l'infrarouge
Creators: name: Bourgès, Coline
name: Chevalier, Stéphane
name: Sommier, Alain
name: Pradère, Christophe
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2021
Subjects: Thermotransmittance
Transitoire
Mesure sans contact
Infrarouge
Température absolue
Semi-transparent

description: La compréhension des propriétés thermiques de matériaux est un atout dans nombreux domaines, y compris en biologie pour étudier des réactions chimiques dans des milieux vivants. L'imagerie multispectrale infrarouge associée à des méthodes inverses permet la caractérisation non destructive et sans contact des phénomènes thermiques. Cependant, lorsque la géométrie du système est trop complexe, comme dans les milieux vivants, les méthodes actuelles ne suffisent plus. Il devient alors nécessaire de développer un système d'imagerie infrarouge 3D afin d'avoir accès aux champs thermiques au sein de l'échantillon à caractériser. Afin de réaliser ces mesures 3D dans des milieux semi-transparents à l'infrarouge, une étude préliminaire sur la compréhension de la thermo-dépendance de la transmission optique d'un matériau dans l'infrarouge est nécessaire. Ce phénomène est appelé thermotransmittance. Le coefficient de thermotransmittance est une propriété intrinsèque au matériau, par conséquent il ne nécessite pas de calibrer la caméra avec un corps noir pour mesurer le champ de température au sein du matériau. Dans un premier temps, il est nécessaire de mesurer le coefficient de thermotransmittance. Pour cela, l'échantillon à caractériser est éclairé par une source monochromatique dont la longueur d'onde est comprise dans la gamme de 3 à 6~$\unit{\mu m}$. Le flux transmis est collecté par une caméra infrarouge (FLIR SC7000). Le signal capté est la somme du flux transmis et de l'émission propre du matériau. Une méthode type lock-in à deux images est mise en place pour mesurer périodiquement l'émission propre (source IR incidente éteinte) puis la somme de l'émission propre et de la source incidente transmise (source IR incidente allumée). Ainsi, il devient possible de séparer les deux contributions par soustraction. Dans ce travail, seul le faisceau infrarouge transmis est étudié. Ensuite, à l'aide d'un four résistif, un flux de chaleur est imposé à l'échantillon afin de faire varier sa température. La mesure de l'absorbance en fonction de la température permet d'obtenir le coefficient de thermotransmittance pour une longueur d'onde. Une fois cette étape de caractérisation effectuée, il est désormais possible de mesurer la température absolue en chaque point de l'échantillon. Dans cette communication, la calibration du coefficient de thermotransmittance sera détaillée pour plusieurs matériaux. Puis, des mesures de champs de température transitoires dans plusieurs matériaux semi-transparents seront présentées afin de valider la méthode, ouvrant la voie vers l'imagerie 3D de température dans les milieux complexes.
Supergravity loop contributions to brane world supersymmetry breaking
Creators: name: Buchbinder, I. L.
name: Gates, S. James
name: Goh, Hock-Seng
name: Linch, W. D.
name: Luty, Markus A.
name: Ng, Siew-Phang
name: Phillips, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compute the supergravity loop contributions to the visible sector scalar masses in the simplest 5D `brane-world' model. Supersymmetry is assumed to be broken away from the visible brane and the contributions are UV finite due to 5D locality. We perform the calculation with N = 1 supergraphs, using a formulation of 5D supergravity in terms of N = 1 superfields. We compute contributions to the 4D effective action that determine the visible scalar masses, and we find that the mass-squared terms are negative.
description: 12 pages, LaTeX 2e
MOESM1 of Predictive factors of success at the French National Ranking Examination (NRE): a retrospective study of the student performance from a French medical school
Creators: name: Lhuaire, Martin
name: Moustapha DramÃ©
name: Hivelin, Mikael
name: Levasseur, Thomas
name: Maestraggi, Quentin
name: Hunsinger, Vincent
name: Abrahams, Peter
name: Lantieri, Laurent
name: Sommacale, Daniele
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Survey items.
Additional file 9 of Analyses and interpretation of whole-genome gene expression from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue: an illustration with breast cancer tissues
Creators: name: Kibriya, Muhammad G
name: Jasmine, Farzana
name: Shantanu Roy
name: Paul-Brutus, Rachelle M
name: Argos, Maria
name: Habibul Ahsan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Authors’ original file for figure 9
H-T phase diagram and the nature of Vortex-glass phase in a quasi two-dimensional superconductor: Sn metal layer sandwiched between graphene sheets
Creators: name: Suzuki, Masatsugu
name: Suzuki, Itsuko S.
name: Walter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The magnetic properties of a quasi two-dimensional superconductor, Sn-metal graphite (MG), are studied using DC and AC magnetic susceptibility. Sn-MG has a unique layered structure where Sn metal layer is sandwiched between adjacent graphene sheets. This compound undergoes a superconducting transition at $T_{c}$ = 3.75 K at $H$ = 0. The $H$-$T$ diagram of Sn-MG is similar to that of a quasi two-dimensional superconductors. The phase boundaries of vortex liquid, vortex glass, and vortex lattice phase merge into a multicritical point located at $T^{*}$ = 3.4 K and $H^{*}$ = 40 Oe. There are two irreversibility lines denoted by $H_{gl}$ (de Almeida-Thouless type) and $H_{gl^{\prime}}$ (Gabay-Toulouse type), intersecting at $T_{0}^{\prime}$= 2.5 K and $H_{0}^{\prime}$ = 160 Oe. The nature of slow dynamic and nonlinearity of the vortex glass phase is studied.
description: 24 pages, 13 figures; Physica C (2003), in press
Modélisation et intégration temporelle d'un problème thermique couplé par la méthode de Monte Carlo
Creators: name: Villemin, Thomas
name: Farges, Olivier
name: Parent, Gilles
name: Claverie, Rémy
name: Bouyer, Julien
Publisher: name: Société Française de Thermique
Year: 2021
Subjects: Méthode de Monte Carlo
Couplage
Conduction
Rayonnement
Convection

description: La fonction des panneaux photovoltaïques est de convertir l'énergie solaire reçue sous forme de rayonnement en énergie électrique. Cependant, une part importante de l'énergie incidente est aussi transformée en chaleur conduisant à une élévation rapide de la température du panneau, supérieure à 70$^{\circ}$C en surface, ce qui a pour conséquence une baisse significative du rendement. Afin d'évaluer correctement ce rendement, une modélisation thermique est nécessaire car il dépend directement de la température des cellules photovoltaïques, grandeur soumise à la variation temporelle des paramètres climatiques dans l'environnement du panneau. De nombreux modèles ont été développés en se basant sur des hypothèses ne prenant pas en compte – ou très peu – les conditions environnementales locales (e.g. variables climatiques, masques solaires) ou l'ensemble des phénomènes physiques (e.g. bilan d'énergie de surface). Ce travail porte spécifiquement sur la modélisation thermique d'un milieu solide opaque en environnement réaliste soumis à des conditions climatiques effectives. L'aspect semi-transparent d'un panneau solaire n'est pas pris en considération dans notre étude. Le modèle développé avec la méthode de Monte Carlo couple tous les types de transferts thermiques – rayonnement, convection, conduction et flux solaire – appliqués à une géométrie simple en intégrant temporellement les paramètres climatiques. Par ailleurs, la méthode de Monte Carlo ayant déjà fait ses preuves sur sa capacité à gérer les géométries complexes, le passage à une géométrie réelle (e.g. multicouche, plusieurs matériaux) n'ajoutera pas de complexité au modèle. La géométrie choisie est une plaque de dimensions 1 m × 1 m × 0,035 m disposée parallèlement au sol. Les simulations des températures de la plaque sont effectuées en considérant plusieurs matériaux. Les paramètres climatiques sont le rayonnement global ($\unit{W\cdot m^{-2}}$), les températures d'air et de surface de sol ($^{\circ}$C) ainsi que la vitesse du vent ($\unit{m \cdot s^{-1}}$). Les données pro- viennent de la plateforme expérimentale du Cerema à Nancy. Les résultats obtenus mettent en évidence l'influence du choix des matériaux et des para- mètres climatiques sur les températures simulées et valident les hypothèses initiales.
Frequency selection in a gravitationally stretched capillary jet in the jetting regime
Creators: name: Shukla, Isha
name: Gallaire, François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A capillary jet falling under the effect of gravity continuously stretches while thinning downstream. We report here the effect of external periodic forcing on such a spatially varying jet in the jetting regime. Surprisingly, the optimal forcing frequency producing the most unstable jet is found to be highly dependent on the forcing amplitude. Taking benefit of the one-dimensional Eggers & Dupont (J. Fluid Mech., vol. 262, 1994, 205-221) equations, we investigate the case through nonlinear simulations and linear stability analysis. In the local framework the WKBJ formalism, established for weakly non-parallel flows, fails to capture the nonlinear simulation results quantitatively. However in the global framework, the resolvent analysis supplemented by a simple approximation of the required response norm inducing breakup, is shown to correctly predict the optimal forcing frequency at a given forcing amplitude and the resulting jet breakup length. The results of the resolvent analysis are found to be in good agreement with those of the nonlinear simulations.
Kinetic Flux Ropes: Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal Modes for the Vlasov-Poisson-Ampère System
Creators: name: Ng, C. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: Space Physics (physics.space-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrostatic structures have been observed in many regions of space plasmas, including the solar wind, the magnetosphere, the auroral acceleration region. One possible theoretical description of some of these structures is the concept of Bernstein-Greene-Kruskal (BGK) modes, which are exact nonlinear steady-state solutions of the Vlasov-Poisson system of equations in collisionless kinetic theory. We generalize exact solutions of two-dimensional BGK modes in a magnetized plasma with finite magnetic field strength [Ng, Bhattacharjee, and Skiff, Phys. Plasmas {\bf13}, 055903 (2006)] to cases with azimuthal magnetic fields so that these structures carry electric current as well as steady electric and magnetic fields. Such nonlinear solutions now satisfy exactly the Vlasov-Poisson-Ampère system of equations. Explicit examples with either positive or negative electric potential structure are provided.
description: submitted to Physics of Plasmas
Disentangling farmers’ preferences and cost allocation among inputs for food security in Vihiga District, Kenya
Creators: name: Nyangweso, P.M.
name: Odhiambo, M.O.
name: Odunga, P.O.
name: Korir, M.K.
name: Otieno, D.C.
name: Nyangweso, P.M.
name: Odhiambo, M.O.
name: Odunga, P.O.
name: Korir, M.K.
name: Otieno, D.C.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Food Security and Poverty
subject: International Development
subject: Production Economics
subject: Farmers’ preferences
subject: cost allocation
subject: Food security
subject: Vihiga
subject: Kenya

description: Vihiga, one of the poorest and densely populated districts in Kenya is perpetually food deficit. Poor welfare indicators and resource base continue to curtail efforts to circumvent food insecurity among households in the district. In their current financial status, what are their preferences when it comes to choosing inputs for food production? How do they allocate their scarce input expenditure among the various inputs required for food production? What are their major considerations when they are making such choices? Descriptive statistics were used to determine input preferences and cost distribution among the farm inputs. Cluster sampling was used with divisions forming the main clusters in the district. Using systematic random sampling, 50 households were selected from each cluster resulting in a sample of 300. Results show that labor cost pre-dominates farm input cost followed by fertilizers and seed maize. Out of the total labor cost, land preparation, weeding and shelling account for the largest chunk of labor cost the balance being accounted for by planting, harvesting, topdressing and transport activities. Similarly, inorganic fertilizers are the major contributor to soil amendment costs. Similarly, local seed variety is preferred due to its low acquisition costs, while hybrid H 614 is preferred to other hybrid seed due to its performance and other desirable properties like low postharvest losses during handling.Farmers’ input preference and a deeper understanding of contributors to input cost is critical for proper planning of farmers production. Especially when production is rain fed.
Experimental determination of the bare energy gap of GaAs without the zero-point renormalization
Creators: name: Roy, Basabendra
name: Mukhuti, Kingshuk
name: Bansal, Bhavtosh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The energy gap of simple band insulators like GaAs is a strong function of temperature due to the electron-phonon interactions. Interestingly, the perturbation from zero-point phonons is also predicted to cause significant (a few percent) renormalization of the energy gap at absolute zero temperature but its value has been difficult to estimate both theoretically and, of course, experimentally. Given the experimental evidence [Bhattacharya, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 114, 047402 (2015)] that strongly supports that the exponential broadening (Urbach tail) of the excitonic absorption edge at low temperatures is the manifestation of this zero temperature electron-phonon scattering, we argue that the location of the Urbach focus is the zero temperature unrenormalized gap. Experiments on GaAs yield the zero temperature bare energy gap to be 1.581 eV and thus the renormalization is estimated to be 66 meV.
description: Includes Supplementary Data. To appear in Journal of Physics: Condensed Matter as a Letter
Trinoridia calcaris Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Trinoridia
Trinoridia calcaris

description: Trinoridia calcaris, sp. nov.
(Plate 7G, Fig. 431-436)
 Description. Length. Male 8.14 mm., female unknown.
 External morphology. Moderately large, robust species. General color light brown with very small to large, dark brown spots on forewings, central, medial and inner preapical cells translucent; mesonotum ivory, with large, black triangular spot in upper, lateral corners, numerous light brown markings medially; pronotum dark brown, bullae yellow; crown light brown; eyes dark brown; face yellow, clypeus with short, transverse black stripes on inner lateral margins; clypellus yellow with light brown, longitudinal stripe medially; head narrower than pronotum, broadly rounded anteriorly; crown narrow, narrower than width of eyes, slightly produced anteriorly, lateral margins convergent basally; pronotum large, about as long medially as crown, surface bullated; mesonotum very large, nearly twice as long as pronotum; forewings with typical venation; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, abut 1/3 as long as clypeus, lateral margins narrow, slightly flared apically.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view broadly triangulate, small lobe apically, caudoventral margin with small digitate process (Fig. 431); aedeagus long, tubular, very narrow, in dorsal view with moderately long, slender, glabrous apical and subapical spines, small spur basad of distal spines, gonopore subapical (Fig. 432, 433); style very short, apophysis broad (Fig. 434); dorsal connective long, narrow (Fig. 432); connective large, anterior arms triangulate, lateral margins produced anteriorly, medial ridge complete, stem large, ovate (Fig. 435); subgenital plate long, broad, outer margin broadly convex along middle, sparsely setose along outer lateral margin (Fig. 436).
 Material examined. Holotype male. INDIA: Tamil Nadu, 32 km. E. Kodaikanal, 1050 m., Sept. 25, 1985, C.W. and L.B. O’Brien / Brit. Mus. 1992-118. (BMNH).
 Etymology. The name of the species is descriptive for the small processes on the aedeagus.
 Remarks. The species is nearest to T. trifida and can be separated by the broad triangulate pygofer, presence of the caudoventral process and smaller connective and style.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on pages 73-74, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
High efficiency of soft X-ray radiation reprocessing in supersoft X-ray sources due to multiple scattering
Creators: name: Suleimanov, V.
name: Meyer, F.
name: Meyer-Hofmeister, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Detailed analysis of the lightcurve of CAL 87 clearly has shown that the high optical luminosity comes from the accretion disc rim and can only be explained by a severe thickening of the disc rim near the location where the accretion stream impinges. This area is irradiated by the X-rays where it faces the white dwarf. Only if the reprocessing rate of X-rays to optical light is high a luminosity as high as observed can be understood. But a recent detailed study of the soft X-ray radiation reprocessing in supersoft X-ray sources has shown that the efficiency is not high enough. We here propose a solution for this problem. As already discussed in the earlier lightcurve analysis the impact of the accretion stream at the outer disc rim produces a ``spray'', consisting of a large number of individual gas blobs imbedded in a surrounding corona. For the high mass flow rate this constitutes an optically thick vertically extended screen at the rim of the accretion disc. We analyse the optical properties of this irradiated spray and find that the multiple scattering between these gas blobs leads to an effective reprocessing of soft X-rays to optical light as required by the observations.
description: 7 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
MOESM1 of Impact of faculty development programme on self-efficacy, competency and attitude towards medical education in Bhutan: a mixed-methods study
Creators: name: Tenzin, Karma
name: Thinley Dorji
name: Tshering Choeda
name: Krit Pongpirul
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Interview guide FGD.
Identifying and reporting the value-added from training in four New Zealand industries
Creators: name: Neild, Jeremy D.
name: Radford, Dennis J.
name: Neild, Jeremy D.
name: Radford, Dennis J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Labor and Human Capital
subject: Reporting Value Added (RVA)
subject: Industry Training Organisation (ITO)
subject: vocational training
subject: productivity
subject: skill
subject: management systems

description: The ability to estimate and report the value add of industry vocational training interventions in New Zealand can make a significant contribution to both industry and to the training providers and institutions. Understanding the value of investment in training is important for industry to underpin their commitment to training and the development of their workforce to improve the productivity and performance of their business. For training providers and institutions, the understanding of what and how training adds value to industry is important to the development and delivery of industry training. These studies, the first of its kind in New Zealand, describe a methodology and the results achieved for four discrete sectors important to the New Zealand economy.
Tripesidia kubani Nielson 2015, sp. nov.
Creators: name: Nielson, M. W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hemiptera
Cicadellidae
Tripesidia
Tripesidia kubani

description: Tripesidia kubani, sp. nov.
(Plate 7H, Fig. 437-443)
 Description. Length. Male 9.20 mm., female unknown.
 External morphology. Large, robust species. General color dark brown to black throughout except for mesonotum and pronotum with small yellow spots on surface; crown black; eyes dark brown; face dark brown except for yellow, broad, longitudinal stripe on clypeus; head distinctly narrower than pronotum, anterior margin obtusely rounded; crown short, about as wide as width of eyes, slightly produced anteriorly, lateral margin convergent basally; eyes large, semiglobular; pronotum large, nearly twice as long medially as crown; mesonotum large, nearly twice as long medially as pronotum; forewing venation typical; clypeus long, narrow, lateral margins broadly convex; clypellus short, about 1/3 as long as clypeus, narrow, inflated longitudinally along middle, apex flared laterally.
 Male genitalia. Pygofer in lateral view subrectangulate, glabrous with long, prominent caudodorsal process (Fig. 437); aedeagus long, tubular, narrow with subapical row of short processes arising from lateral margin (Fig. 438, 439); style with long narrow apophysis, setal process apically (Fig. 440); dorsal connective long, pendulate in apical half in dorsal view (Fig. 441); connective large, anterior arms broad, narrow, medial ridge complete, stem small, sub-ovate (Fig. 442); subgenital plate very long, broad, setose apically, prominent spine apically (Fig. 443).
 Material examined. Holotype male. LAOS-NE.: Houa Phan prov., 20 o 13’09-19”N. 103 o 59’54” - 104o 00' 03” E., 1480-1510 m., Phou Pane Mt., 1-16.vi.2009, Vít Kuban, leg. / primary mountain forest, yellow plate trap, Laos 2009 Expedition, NHMB Basel, NMPC Prague. / Collection, Moravské museum, Brno (MMBC).
 Etymology. This species is named in honor of Mr. Kuban who has collected many new species of coelidiine leafhoppers in Laos.
 Remarks. This species can be distinguished by the very long subgenital plate with prominent apical spine and the style with narrow apophysis adorned with single seta apically.
description: Published as part of Nielson, M. W., 2015, A revision of the tribe Coelidiini of the Oriental, Palearctic and Australian biogeographical regions (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae: Coelidiinae), pp. 1-202 in Insecta Mundi 2015 (410) on page 75, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5181587
MOESM1 of Non-destructive, label free identification of cell cycle phase in cancer cells by multispectral microscopy of autofluorescence
Creators: name: Campbell, Jared
name: Habibalahi, Abbas
name: Saabah Mahbub
name: Gosnell, Martin
name: Ayad Anwer
name: Paton, Sharon
name: Gronthos, Stan
name: Goldys, Ewa
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1. Cell cycle differentiation in cells exposed to cell cycle inhibitors.
The future contribution of bioenergy enterprises to rural business viability in the United Kingdom
Creators: name: Tate, Graham
name: Mbzibain, Aurelian
name: Tate, Graham
name: Mbzibain, Aurelian
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Bioenergy
subject: entrepreneurship
subject: entrepreneurial environment
subject: viability
subject: renewable energy.

description: Bioenergy enterprises have been granted an official role in the UK in order to make a significant contribution to sustainability targets and yet our understanding of attitudes amongst farmers and rural entrepreneurs to these enterprises is yet to be fully understood. Financial support, electricity tariffs, the availability of advice and the profit foregone from other enterprises have all fluctuated. The level of adoption of the new technology is not as advanced as in other EU countries. This study seeks to discover why this could be by exploring the entrepreneurial, financial and motivational environments that bioenergy adopters are working in. The following hypotheses have been developed: 1. The entrepreneurial environment for bioenergy development in the UK is sympathetic to the needs of this emerging industry; 2. Adopters of bioenergy are positively motivated towards the venture; and 3. Farm based bioenergy enterprises make a positive contribution to overall farm business viability. The UK government is looking to rural entrepreneurs to play a role in this through the adoption of bioenergy technologies which can contribute towards achieving the country’s energy and climate change targets and at the same time offer potential farm enterprises that could be viable long-term contributors to farm enterprise sustainability (NFU, 2008). This study extends and applies the concepts of entrepreneurship environment and country institutional profiles to a specific domain of entrepreneurship in the land based bioenergy sector in the UK.
Typing constraint logic programs
Creators: name: Fages, Francois
name: Coquery, Emmanuel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Programming Languages (cs.PL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: D.1.6; D.3.2

description: We present a prescriptive type system with parametric polymorphism and subtyping for constraint logic programs. The aim of this type system is to detect programming errors statically. It introduces a type discipline for constraint logic programs and modules, while maintaining the capabilities of performing the usual coercions between constraint domains, and of typing meta-programming predicates, thanks to the flexibility of subtyping. The property of subject reduction expresses the consistency of a prescriptive type system w.r.t. the execution model: if a program is "well-typed", then all derivations starting from a "well-typed" goal are again "well-typed". That property is proved w.r.t. the abstract execution model of constraint programming which proceeds by accumulation of constraints only, and w.r.t. an enriched execution model with type constraints for substitutions. We describe our implementation of the system for type checking and type inference. We report our experimental results on type checking ISO-Prolog, the (constraint) libraries of Sicstus Prolog and other Prolog programs.
description: Appeared in Theory and Practice of Logic Programming, vol. 1, no. 6, 2001
HLA complex P5 upregulation is correlated with poor prognosis and tumor progression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Wang, Yaqin
name: Yu, Zhijun
name: Shi, Weidong
name: Shen, Jian
name: Guan, Yun
name: Ni, Feng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Molecular Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Cancer

description: Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a deadly malignant tumor that threatens human health. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is widely expressed in eukaryotes and is closely associated with human disease progression. However, its role in ESCC remains incompletely understood. In this study, we analyzed the results of three gene expression omnibus (GEO) databases containing lncRNA expression data of ESCC and normal tissues. The results showed that HCP5 was significantly overexpressed in ESCC tissues, which was further verified in our collected ESCC samples. The functional study suggested that HCP5 knockdown inhibited ESCC cell proliferation and invasion. Regarding the mechanism, HCP5 was able to directly interact with YTHDF1, a N6-methyladenosine (m6A) reader, enhancing the binding of YTHDF1 to m6A-modified HK2 mRNA, leading to increasing HK2 stability, thereby promoting the Warburg effect (aerobic glycolysis) of ESCC cells. The nude mice model showed that the knockdown of HCP5 in vivo remarkably reduced tumor size. Clinically, high HCP5 was positively correlated with larger tumor volume, higher TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Moreover, ESCC patients with high HCP5 exerted shorter survival time than patients with low HCP5. These findings uncover the importance of HCP5 in human ESCC progression; the turbulence of HCP5/YTHDF1/HK2 axis may be responsible for ESCC carcinogenicity.
Magnetic-field induced superconductor-metal-insulator transitions in bismuth metal-graphite
Creators: name: Suzuki, Masatsugu
name: Suzuki, Itsuko S.
name: Lee, Robert
name: Walter, Jürgen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bismuth-metal graphite (MG) has a unique layered structure where Bi nanoparticles are encapsulated between adjacent sheets of nanographites. The superconductivity below $T_{c}$ (= 2.48 K) is due to Bi nanoparticles. The Curie-like susceptibility below 30 K is due to conduction electrons localized near zigzag edges of nanographites. A magnetic-field induced transition from metallic to semiconductor-like phase is observed in the in-plane resistivity $ρ_{a}$ around $H_{c}$ ($\approx$ 25 kOe) for both $H$$\perp$$c$ and $H$$\parallel$$c$ ($c$: c axis). A negative magnetoresistance in $ρ_{a}$ for $H$$\perp$$c$ (0$$ 40 kOe) suggest the occurrence of two-dimensional weak localization effect.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures; published in Phys. Rev. B 66, 014533 (2002)