cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cosmology in the nonlinear regime with weak gravitational lensing
Creators: Liu, Jia
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2016
Subjects: Galaxies--Observations
Statistical astronomy
Cosmic background radiation
Astronomy
Astrophysics
Physics

description: This thesis investigates weak lensing (WL) of galaxies and the cosmic microwave back- ground (CMB) in the nonlinear regime. WL describes the effect of bending of background light rays by foreground matter (“lens”). It is sensitive to the large scale structure of the universe, and hence is a promising method to answer some unsolved fundamental questions in physics, such as the nature of dark energy and the total mass of neutrinos. WL datasets of unprecedented precision will come on-line in the early 2020s. This presents an exciting yet challenging task for the WL community: how do we extract the maximum amount of information from lensing observables, while minimizing the impact of systematics?
      This work attempts to answer this question by studying non-Gaussian statistics. Traditionally, WL data are analyzed using second-order statistics, which capture all the cosmological information if the density field is Gaussian. However, the small-scale density fluctuations are strongly non-Gaussian and can be highly sensitive to cosmology. Thus we need higher order (non-Gaussian) statistics to utilize these features in the nonlinear regime. In this thesis, we study the constraining power on cosmology and relevant systematics of non-Gaussian statistics, with a focus on convergence peaks. We present the first cosmological constraints using peak counts of the CFHTLenS survey. We also quantify the impact of magnification and size bias, one type of lensing systematics, on the lensing power spectrum and peaks. Finally, going beyond galaxy lensing, we cross-correlate Planck CMB lensing maps with CFHTLenS galaxy lensing maps, to investigate various WL systematics.
Additional file 10 of Dynamic genetic differentiation drives the widespread structural and functional convergent evolution of snake venom proteinaceous toxins
Creators: name: Xie, Bing
name: Dashevsky, Daniel
name: Rokyta, Darin
name: Ghezellou, Parviz
name: Fathinia, Behzad
name: Shi, Qiong
name: Richardson, Michael K.
name: Fry, Bryan G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 10. zoomable CRISP tree.pdf.
title: Outsiders' Perceptions and EU Influence in the World
title: The Case of Climate Change
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Torney, Diarmuid
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::327 Internationale Beziehungen

description: In recent years, a growing literature has focused on how the EU is perceived beyond its borders. One of the aims of these studies is to shed light on the ability of the EU to exercise external influence. This working paper argues, however, that outsiders’ perceptions of the EU are not necessarily a reliable guide to the EU’s external influence. It illustrates the argument by examining the case of climate change in which, despite broadly positive external perceptions, the EU has often failed in attempts to influence the positions of other states. Focusing on Chinese and Indian perceptions of the EU, the current paper argues that this apparent tension results from the fact that the EU on the one hand, and China and India on the other, have framed global climate governance in starkly contrasting ways. In particular, they have differed with respect to whether “climate leadership” by the EU should generate “followership” on the part of China and India. This paper uses the example of negotiations on a “second commitment period” under the Kyoto Protocol to demonstrate this point. It concludes by urging that greater attention be paid to the relationship between external perceptions and external influence.
Ergodicity-breaking arising from Hilbert space fragmentation in dipole-conserving Hamiltonians
Creators: name: Sala, Pablo
name: Rakovszky, Tibor
name: Verresen, Ruben
name: Knap, Michael
name: Pollmann, Frank
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the combination of charge and dipole conservation---characteristic of fracton systems---leads to an extensive fragmentation of the Hilbert space, which in turn can lead to a breakdown of thermalization. As a concrete example, we investigate the out-of-equilibrium dynamics of one-dimensional spin-1 models that conserve charge (total $S^z$) and its associated dipole moment. First, we consider a minimal model including only three-site terms and find that the infinite temperature auto-correlation saturates to a finite value---showcasing non-thermal behavior. The absence of thermalization is identified as a consequence of the strong fragmentation of the Hilbert space into exponentially many invariant subspaces in the local $S^z$ basis, arising from the interplay of dipole conservation and local interactions. Second, we extend the model by including four-site terms and find that this perturbation leads to a weak fragmentation: the system still has exponentially many invariant subspaces, but they are no longer sufficient to avoid thermalization for typical initial states. More generally, for any finite range of interactions, the system still exhibits non-thermal eigenstates appearing throughout the entire spectrum. We compare our results to charge and dipole moment conserving random unitary circuit models for which we reach identical conclusions.
description: close to published version: 10 pages + Appendices. Updated discussions and content
Valid prediction intervals for regression problems
Creators: name: Dewolf, Nicolas
name: De Baets, Bernard
name: Waegeman, Willem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Over the last few decades, various methods have been proposed for estimating prediction intervals in regression settings, including Bayesian methods, ensemble methods, direct interval estimation methods and conformal prediction methods. An important issue is the calibration of these methods: the generated prediction intervals should have a predefined coverage level, without being overly conservative. In this work, we review the above four classes of methods from a conceptual and experimental point of view. Results on benchmark data sets from various domains highlight large fluctuations in performance from one data set to another. These observations can be attributed to the violation of certain assumptions that are inherent to some classes of methods. We illustrate how conformal prediction can be used as a general calibration procedure for methods that deliver poor results without a calibration step.
description: Minor correction (bibliography and typo in Fig. 3). Thanks to Dr. Mar\'ia Moreno de Castro for spotting this typo
Quantum Dirac fermions in half space and their interaction with electromagnetic field
Creators: name: Fialkovsky, I.
name: Kurkov, M.
name: Vassilevich, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the polarization tensor of a Dirac field in $(3+1)$ dimensions confined to a half space -- a problem motivated by applications to the condensed matter physics, and to Topological Insulators in particular. Although the Pauli-Villars regularization scheme has a number of advantages, like explicit gauge invariance and decoupling of heavy modes, it is not applicable on manifolds with boundaries. Here, we modify this scheme by giving an axial mass to the regulators and to the physical field. We compute the renormalized polarization tensor in coordinate representation. We discuss then the induced Chern-Simons type action on the boundary and compare it to the effective action of a $(2+1)$ dimensional Dirac fermion.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, slightly corrected version
Regarding the domain of non-symmetric and, possibly, degenerate Ornstein--Uhlenbeck operators in separable Banach spaces
Creators: name: Addona, D.
name: Cappa, G.
name: Ferrari, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 28C20, 35J70

description: Let $X$ be a separable Banach space and let $Q:X^*\rightarrow X$ be a linear, bounded, non-negative and symmetric operator and let $A:D(A)\subseteq X\rightarrow X$ be the infinitesimal generator of a strongly continuous semigroup of contractions on $X$. We consider the abstract Wiener space $(X,μ_\infty,H_\infty)$ where $μ_\infty$ is a centred non-degenerate Gaussian measure on $X$ with covariance operator defined, at least formally, as \begin{align*} Q_\infty=\int_0^{+\infty} e^{sA}Qe^{sA^*}ds, \end{align*} and $H_\infty$ is the Cameron--Martin space associated to $μ_\infty$.
 Let $H$ be the reproducing kernel Hilbert space associated with $Q$ with inner product $[\cdot,\cdot]_H$. We assume that the operator $Q_\infty A^*:D(A^*)\subseteq X^*\rightarrow X$ extends to a bounded linear operator $B\in \mathcal L(H)$ which satisfies $B+B^*=-{\rm Id}_H$, where ${\rm Id}_H$ denotes the identity operator on $H$. Let $D$ and $D^2$ be the first and second order Fréchet derivative operators, we denote by $D_H$ and $D^2_H$ the closure in $L^2(X,μ_\infty)$ of the operators $QD$ and $QD^2$ and by $W^{1,2}_H(X,μ_\infty)$ and and $W^{2,2}_H(X,μ_\infty)$ their domains in $L^2(X,μ_\infty)$, respectively,. Furthermore, we denote by $D_{A_\infty}$ the closure of the operator $Q_\infty A^*D$ and by $W^{1,2}_{A_\infty}(X,μ_\infty)$ its domain in $L^2(X,μ_\infty)$. We characterize the domain of the operator $L$, associated to the bilinear form \begin{align*} (u,v)\mapsto-\int_{X}[BD_Hu,D_Hv]_Hdμ_\infty, \qquad u,v\in W^{1,2}_H(X,μ_\infty), \end{align*} in $L^2(X,μ_\infty)$. More precisely, we prove that $D(L)$ coincides, up to an equivalent remorming, with a subspace of $W^{2,2}_H(X,μ_\infty)\cap W^{1,2}_{A_\infty}(X,μ_\infty)$. We stress that we are able to treat the case when $L$ is degenerate and non-symmetric.
Cosmopolitan Education and the Creation of Value
Creators: Obelleiro, Gonzalo
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Education--Philosophy
subject: Philosophy
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion

description: In recent decades, the idea of cosmopolitanism has enjoyed renewed interest and rapid development across disciplines in the humanities and the social sciences. Theoretical developments in the foundations of cosmopolitan education, however, remain in their nascent stages. In this investigation, I address the question of the nature and dynamics of values in cosmopolitan perspective and develop a philosophical account of value creation as central to cosmopolitan education.
      The conclusion of this investigation is that in a world increasingly interconnected and intensely impermanent, in societies pluralistic and marked by political tension, shifting cultural practices, and emerging technologies, we need more than an education that fosters openness, tolerance, and global perspectives. We need to cultivate the capacity to transform the self and the normative terrains we inhabit in light of the constraints of actual conditions and the demands of ideals.
Planar Dirac Electron in Coulomb and Magnetic Fields
Creators: name: Ho, Choon-Lin
name: Khalilov, V. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Dirac equation for an electron in two spatial dimensions in the Coulomb and homogeneous magnetic fields is discussed. For weak magnetic fields, the approximate energy values are obtained by semiclassical method. In the case with strong magnetic fields, we present the exact recursion relations that determine the coefficients of the series expansion of wave functions, the possible energies and the magnetic fields. It is found that analytic solutions are possible for a denumerably infinite set of magnetic field strengths. This system thus furnishes an example of the so-called quasi-exactly solvable models. A distinctive feature in the Dirac case is that, depending on the strength of the Coulomb field, not all total angular momentum quantum number allow exact solutions with wavefunctions in reasonable polynomial forms. Solutions in the nonrelativistic limit with both attractive and repulsive Coulomb fields are briefly discussed by means of the method of factorization.
description: 18 pages, RevTex, no figures
Dolichocolon fasciatum Cerretti & Shima 2011, SP. NOV.
Creators: name: Cerretti, Pierfilippo
name: Shima, Hiroshi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Diptera
Tachinidae
Dolichocolon
Dolichocolon fasciatum

description: DOLICHOCOLON FASCIATUM SP. NOV. (FIG. 15A–E)    Type material: Holotype ♂: AUSTRALIA: Qld./ 18 mi. N. Cairns / 13 May 1970 / R. & J. Matthews // R. W. Matthews / Note Am-238 [ANIC].
 Notes: Left and right arista are missing in the holotype.
 Etymology: The adjective ‘ fasciatum ’ is derived from the noun ‘ fascia ’ meaning band, chosen because of the banded pruinosity pattern of the abdominal tergites.
 Description: Body length: 8.3 mm.
 Coloration and pruinescence: Head mainly black, covered with whitish-grey pruinescence. Palpus mainly black, yellowish-brown apically. Antenna black. Thorax mainly black; posterior 1/2 of scutellum reddish-yellow; scutum with four presutural dark vittae not well differentiated. Legs black. Tegula and basicosta black or dark brown. Abdomen entirely black in ground colour. Abdominal tergites 3 and 4 with a band of whitish-grey pruinescence on anterior 1/3–1/2 interrupted mediodorsally; tergite 5 pruinose on anterior 2/3; remaining surface of tergites covered with bronze-brown pruinescence (Fig. 15B).
 Head: Compound eye bare. Postpedicel 8.6 times as long as pedicel. Vertex at its narrowest point 0.84 times as wide as compound eye in dorsal view. Lateral vertical seta weak, practically not differentiated from postocular setae (Fig. 15A). Seven to eight frontal setae descending below level of base of arista. Gena in profile 0.11 times as high as compound eye. Postocular setae fine, relatively long, curved anteriorly. Prementum about 1.0–1.5 times as long as wide.
 Abdomen: Syntergite 1 + 2 without median marginal setae. Tergite 3 with one pair of weak median marginal setae shorter than corresponding tergite. Tergite 4 with a row of seven marginal setae. Tergite 5 with a row of marginal and discal setae.
 Male terminalia (Fig. 15C–E): Epandrium short and convex. Hypandrial arms long, not bent anteriorly. Distal 1/3 of cerci, in lateral view, strongly bent posteriorly (but not at right angle) (Fig. 15C). Cerci, in posterior view, subtriangular, apically well divided from each other (Fig. 15D); apical medial tooth of cerci present, but not well developed. Surstylus, in lateral view, stout, not bent posteriorly, apically rounded (lobe-like) (Fig. 15C); in posterior view, laterodistally lobate (Fig. 15D, E). Surstylus covered with long and thin setulae (Fig. 15D, E).
 Hosts: Unknown.
 Distribution: Australasian: Australia (Queensland).
description: Published as part of Cerretti, Pierfilippo & Shima, Hiroshi, 2011, World revision of Dolichocolon Brauer & Bergenstamm (Diptera: Tachinidae: Exoristinae: Goniini), pp. 544-584 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 162 (3) on pages 567-568, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2010.00689.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5440699
Symmetry, symmetry breaking, and pion parton distributions
Creators: name: Ding, Minghui
name: Raya, Khepani
name: Binosi, Daniele
name: Chang, Lei
name: Roberts, C. D.
name: Schmidt, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pion valence, glue and sea distributions are calculated using a continuum approach to the two valence-body bound-state problem. Since the framework is symmetry preserving, physical features of the distributions are properly expressed. The analysis reveals that the emergent phenomenon of dynamical chiral symmetry breaking causes a hardening of the valence-quark distribution function, ${q}^π(x)$. Nevertheless, this distribution exhibits the $x\simeq 1$ behaviour predicted by quantum chromodynamics (QCD). At the scale $ζ_2:=2\,$GeV, the following momentum fractions are predicted: $\langle x_{\rm valence} \rangle = 0.48(3)$, $\langle x_{\rm glue} \rangle = 0.41(2)$, $\langle x_{\rm sea} \rangle = 0.11(2)$. Evolving to $ζ=5.2\,$GeV, the result for ${q}^π(x)$ agrees with that computed using lattice QCD. These outcomes should both spur improved analyses of existing experiments and stimulate efforts to obtain new data on the pion distribution functions using available and envisioned facilities.
description: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables
More than Meets the Tie: Examining the Role of Interpersonal Relationships in Social Networks
Creators: name: Choi, Minje
name: Budak, Ceren
name: Romero, Daniel M.
name: Jurgens, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Topics in conversations depend in part on the type of interpersonal relationship between speakers, such as friendship, kinship, or romance. Identifying these relationships can provide a rich description of how individuals communicate and reveal how relationships influence the way people share information. Using a dataset of more than 9.6M dyads of Twitter users, we show how relationship types influence language use, topic diversity, communication frequencies, and diurnal patterns of conversations. These differences can be used to predict the relationship between two users, with the best predictive model achieving a macro F1 score of 0.70. We also demonstrate how relationship types influence communication dynamics through the task of predicting future retweets. Adding relationships as a feature to a strong baseline model increases the F1 and recall by 1% and 2%. The results of this study suggest relationship types have the potential to provide new insights into how communication and information diffusion occur in social networks.
description: Accepted to ICWSM 2021
Quantitative Heegaard Floer cohomology and the Calabi invariant
Creators: name: Cristofaro-Gardiner, Daniel
name: Humilière, Vincent
name: Mak, Cheuk Yu
name: Seyfaddini, Sobhan
name: Smith, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Symplectic Geometry (math.SG)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53D40 37E30

description: We define a new family of spectral invariants associated to certain Lagrangian links in compact and connected surfaces of any genus. We show that our invariants recover the Calabi invariant of Hamiltonians in their limit. As applications, we resolve several open questions from topological surface dynamics and continuous symplectic topology: we show that the group of Hamiltonian homeomorphisms of any compact surface with (possibly empty) boundary is not simple; we extend the Calabi homomorphism to the group of Hameomorphisms constructed by Oh-Müller; and, we construct an infinite dimensional family of quasimorphisms on the group of area and orientation preserving homeomorphisms of the two-sphere. Our invariants are inspired by recent work of Polterovich and Shelukhin defining and applying spectral invariants for certain classes of links in the two-sphere.
description: V2: Improvements to exposition and minor edits addressing referees' remarks. Corrected an error, spotted by Ibrahim Trifa, in the statement and proof of Theorem 7.7(ii); none of the main results are affected
Improved performance of QCD code on ALiCE
Creators: name: Sroczynski, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the performance of QCD code on ALiCE, the Alpha-Linux Cluster Engine at Wuppertal. We describe the techniques employed to optimise the code, including the metaprogramming of assembler kernels, the effects of data layout and an investigation into the overheads incurred by the communication.
description: 3pp. Latex2e using packages espcrc2 and graphicx with 7 PostScript figures. Contribution to Lattice2002(machines)
Functional inequalities for some generalised Mehler semigroups
Creators: name: Angiuli, L.
name: Ferrari, S.
name: Pallara, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35R15, 47D07, 60J60

description: We consider generalised Mehler semigroups and, assuming the existence of an associated invariant measure $σ$, we prove functional integral inequalities with respect to $σ$, such as logarithmic Sobolev and Poincaré type. Consequently, some integrability properties of exponential functions with respect to $σ$ are deduced.
A Study of Self-Presentation in Light of Facebook
Creators: name: Zarghooni, Sasan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2007
Subjects: self-presentation
facebook
social network
social psychology
psychology

description: This paper examines self-presentational theories in the light self-presentation management on an increasingly popular social networking site called Facebook. This site allows users to build up a list of ‘friends’ and interact with them by sharing personal information, pictures and other self-presentational items. The theories considered belong mainly to Irving Goffman and Mark Leary, and the research problem is how these theories may be generalised to online social networks and how the case, Facebook, contributes to our understanding of self-presentation. The conclusion is that while the self-presentational theories explain much of the self-presentational behaviour on Facebook, these explanations become unparsimonious in some cases. The paper further proposes suggestions for amendments to existing theories. It does not seek to come with an alternative self-presentation theory for Facebook, but to reveal strengths and weaknesses that can be considered when such a step is to be taken. The most notable suggestions are the concepts of Computer-Mediated Tactility, which is a virtual form of nonverbal behaviour involving expressions of tactility, and the concept of Detached Self-Presentation, a cognitive division of self-concept caused by a difference between the currentoffline self and the presented online self.
Cosmopolitan Education and Moral Education: Forging Moral Beings Under Conditions of Global Uncertainty
Creators: Hayden, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Education--Philosophy

description: The accelerating pace of globalization places an imperative on formal schooling to figure out how to educate students for the rapidly changing world that today reaches even into the smallest towns and regions of our shared globe. This project attempts to respond to that imperative by examining the moral component of schooling, and specifically, what might be the best way to provide moral education. I begin from a premise that prevalent existing moral education constructs fall short of this task because they consist of either pre-determined morals that students are expected to learn and adopt or they teach about morality systems without analyzing their merits, preventing the development of the important skill of judgment. In a world of significantly different cultures and ways of living, such forms of moral education are simply incapable of providing the kind of education in morality that can withstand and accommodate the diversity that exists and the new forms of life that are yet to come. Cosmopolitan education, based in cosmopolitan philosophy, is posited as a possible answer to this question. Beginning with cosmopolitanism's grounding in the principle of shared humanity I show how cosmopolitan education might offer a more mutually beneficial response to evolving global conditions. This project uses conceptual analysis to examine the concepts of an education in morality and Hannah Arendt's work on natality, thinking, action, and the public space of politics to show that an education in morality is public and political. As a result, cosmopolitan education can use the processes found in Thomas Nagel's epistemological restraint, Jürgen Habermas's discourse ethics, and Chantal Mouffe's agonistic pluralism to help students acquire a disposition that both promotes active and flexible engagement in moral inquiry, as well as in other educational experiences, and embraces plurality and diversity by recognizing the positive contribution that others can make in one's life. Shared humanity emerges as a collective possession of what Arendt calls 'the human condition,' which is essentially a collection of the human conditions of plurality, natality, action, and one that I add, the condition of uncertainty. Through a cosmopolitan lens, these conditions frame the way political processes can be utilized in an education in morality to encourage the development of a disposition that I call 'moral agonism,' which equips students to inquire into and participate in the development of morality in the face of constantly evolving and uncertain conditions in the world.
MOESM1 of Biological conversion of methane to putrescine using genome-scale model-guided metabolic engineering of a methanotrophic bacterium Methylomicrobium alcaliphilum 20Z
Creators: name: Nguyen, Linh
name: Lee, Eun
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Knockout strategies suggested by OptGene algorithm for the production of putrescine. Figure S1. Knockout of speE1 check by PCR using primer outside of the flanking region. Lane 1 is the mutant strain and Lane 2 is the wild-type strain. Figure S2. The insertion of pTAC-argDJ into the genome of the engineered strain 20ZE4A. Lane 1 is the 1 kbp marker Enzynomics, Lane 2 is the wild-type strain, and Lane 3 is the engineered strain.
Extremely asymmetrical acoustic metasurface mirror at the exceptional point
Creators: name: Wang, Xu
name: Fang, Xinsheng
name: Mao, Dongxing
name: Jing, Yun
name: Li, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Previous research has attempted to minimize the influence of loss in reflection- and transmission-type acoustic metasurfaces. This letter shows that, by treating the acoustic metasurface as a non-Hermitian system and by harnessing loss, unconventional wave behaviors that do not exist in lossless metasurfaces can be uncovered. Specifically, we theoretically and experimentally demonstrate a non-Hermitian acoustic metasurface mirror featuring extremely asymmetrical reflection at the exception point. As an example, the metasurface mirror is designed to have high-efficiency retro-reflection when the wave incidents from one side and complete absorption when the wave incidents from the other side. This work marries conventional gradient index metasurfaces with the exception point from non-Hermitian systems, and paves the way for identifying new mechanisms and functionalities for wave manipulation.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
On separable Fokker-Planck equations with a constant diagonal diffusion matrix
Creators: name: Zhalij, Alexander
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1999
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q40; 60H15

description: We classify (1+3)-dimensional Fokker-Planck equations with a constant diagonal diffusion matrix that are solvable by the method of separation of variables. As a result, we get possible forms of the drift coefficients $B_1(\vec x),B_2(\vec x),B_3(\vec x)$ providing separability of the corresponding Fokker-Planck equations and carry out variable separation in the latter. It is established, in particular, that the necessary condition for the Fokker-Planck equation to be separable is that the drift coefficients $\vec B(\vec x)$ must be linear. We also find the necessary condition for R-separability of the Fokker-Planck equation. Furthermore, exact solutions of the Fokker-Planck equation with separated variables are constructed
description: 20 pages, LaTeX
Birkhoff Normal Form and Twist Coefficients of Periodic Orbits of Billiards
Creators: name: Jin, Xin
name: Zhang, Pengfei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 37G05 37C83 37E40

description: In this paper we study the Birkhoff Normal Form around elliptic periodic points for a variety of dynamical billiards. We give an explicit construction of the Birkhoff transformation and obtain explicit formulas for the first two twist coefficients in terms of the geometric parameters of the billiard table. As an application, we obtain characterizations of the nonlinear stability and local analytic integrability of the billiards around the elliptic periodic points.
description: Revision according to referees' reports
Cosmopolitan Encounters: Sanskrit and Persian at the Mughal Court
Creators: Truschke, Audrey Angeline
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: South Asians
Persian literature
Sanskrit literature
History

description: In this dissertation, I analyze interactions between Sanskrit and Persian literary cultures at the Mughal court during the years 1570-1650 C.E. During this period, the Mughals rose to prominence as one of the most powerful dynasties of the early modern world and patronized Persian as a language of both literature and empire. Simultaneously, the imperial court supported Sanskrit textual production, participated in Sanskrit cultural life, and produced Persian translations of Sanskrit literature. For their part, Sanskrit intellectuals became influential members of the Mughal court, developed a linguistic interest in Persian, and wrote extensively about their imperial experiences. Yet the role of Sanskrit at the Mughal court remains a largely untold story in modern scholarship, as do the resulting engagements across cultural lines. To the extent that scholars have thought about Sanskrit and Persian in tandem, they have generally been blinded by their own language barriers and mistakenly asserted that there was no serious interaction between the two. I challenge this uncritical view through a systematic reading of texts in both languages and provide the first detailed account of exchanges between these traditions at the Mughal court. I further argue that these cross-cultural events are central to understanding the construction of power in the Mughal Empire and the cultural and literary dynamics of early modern India.
Additional file 1: of Treatment with intravenous immunoglobulins and methylprednisolone may significantly decrease loss of renal function in chronic-active antibody-mediated rejection
Creators: name: Sablik, Kasia
name: Groningen, Marian Clahsen-Van
name: Looman, Caspar
name: Damman, Jeffrey
name: Agteren, Madelon
name: Betjes, Michiel
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Hematology
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Clinical and demographic characteristics of cases and historic controls. (DOCX 16 kb)
Penalisation techniques for one-dimensional reflected rough differential equations
Creators: name: Richard, Alexandre
name: Tanré, Etienne
name: Torres, Soledad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34F05, 60G15, 60H10

description: In this paper we solve real-valued rough differential equations (RDEs) reflected on an irregular boundary. The solution $Y$ is constructed as the limit of a sequence $(Y^n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$ of solutions to RDEs with unbounded drifts $(ψ_n)_{n\in\mathbb{N}}$. The penalisation $ψ_n$ increases with $n$. Along the way, we thus also provide an existence theorem and a Doss-Sussmann representation for RDEs with a drift growing at most linearly. In addition, a speed of convergence of the sequence of penalised paths to the reflected solution is obtained. \\ We finally use the penalisation method to prove that the law at time $t>0$ of some reflected Gaussian RDE is absolutely contiuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure.
Cosmopolitan Subjects:  An Anthropological Critique of Cosmopolitan Criminal Law and Political Modernity
Creators: Jennings, Ronald C.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Ethnology
subject: Law
subject: FOS: Law
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: This dissertation addresses the question of how we should understand the cosmopolitan power to punish the criminal embodied in the new global criminal courts, and whether cosmopolitan law can serve as the basis for what an earlier generation of anthropologists would have called a culturally-neutral global order? The present project, based on ethnographic fieldwork at the Yugoslavia Tribunal in The Hague, uses the case of Dusko Tadic, the first subject of a properly cosmopolitan law, as a lens to raise the questions of how we should understand the new cosmopolitan subjectivities being produced by the immanent institutionalization of a global criminal law and whether our historically-specific modern conceptualization of law is compatible with the maintenance of meaningful local political diversity and the rights of communities to live in a manner in keeping with their own history and traditions. It argues that, to get at the full implications of this process, we will need to take up the now largely neglected concepts of tradition and authority as a way to make sense of the legacies various pre-modern forms of authority continue to exercise in what is called modern law. The alternative genealogies here elaborated suggest that scholars would do best to try to understand law through the traditions of legal thought, disputation, and practice that preceded legal modernity, especially the classical republican and Roman law traditions in which virtually every aspect of modern legality (except the state and sovereignty) has a basis. It is argued that, with the first trial at the International Criminal Court, these historically-specific and local forms of authority are now the basis for the global legal system--pre-modern forms of authority which remain vital, even ascendant, in the age of cosmopolitan criminal law.
On strong Arens irregularity of projective tensor product of Hilbert-Schmidt space
Creators: name: Gupta, Ved Prakash
name: Singh, Lav Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47B10, 46B28, 46M05

description: It was shown in [16] that the Banach algebra $A:=S_2(\ell^2)\otimes^γ S_2(\ell^2)$ is not Arens regular, where $S_2(\ell^2)$ denotes the Banach algebra of the Hilbert-Schmidt operators on $\ell^2$. In this article, employing the notion of limits along ultrafilters, we prove that the irregularity of $S_2(\ell^2)\otimes^γ S_2(\ell^2)$ is not strong. Along the way, we provide a class of functionals in $A^{**}$ which lie in the topological center but are not in $A$; and, as a consequence, we deduce that $A^{**}$ is not an annihilator Banach algebra with respect to any of the two Arens products.
description: Major revision undertaken keeping in focus the analysis of strong Arens irregularity of the projective tensor product of the Hibert-Schmidt space
Phalacrocoracidae REICHENBACH 1849
Creators: name: Worthy, Trevor H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Phalacrocoracidae

description: FAMILY PHALACROCORACIDAE REICHENBACH, 1849:  SHAGS AND CORMORANTS   The following fossil taxa are referred to Phalacrocoracidae rather than other pelecaniform families (Pelecanidae, Fregatidae, Sulidae, Anhingidae) by the following unique combination of characters: (1) humerus with a deep, rather than shallow, fossa pneumotricipitalis ventralis; (2) humeral proc. flexorius with equal or greater prominence than the epicondylus ventralis, not less; (3) humeral proc. supracondylaris dorsalis located distal to the proximal margin of the condylus dorsalis (exception: Nambashag microglaucus gen. et sp. nov. is primitive for this character); (4) ulna with the tuber. collateralis ventralis elongate and distinctly separated from the cotylar margin; (5) carpometacarpus with the ventral rim of the trochlea carpalis ventralis joining the shaft markedly distal to the proc. pisiformis; (6) coracoid with the protuberant boss on the cranial margin of the facies artic. sternalis dorsalis occupying no more than half the total width of the articular facet; and (7) femur with the tuber. gastrocnemialis lateralis elongate and distinctly separated from the trochlea fibularis. Phalacrocoracids are also diagnosed by the following additional characters that were not assessable in the fossil material at hand: premaxillae with rostral grooves extending to near the tip, os lacrimales fused to the os frontales, large fonticuli cranioorbitales in the caudal walls of the orbits, and os palatines only partly or not fused medially.
description: Published as part of Worthy, Trevor H., 2011, Descriptions and phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and two new species of Oligo-Miocene cormorants (Aves: Phalacrocoracidae) from Australia, pp. 277-314 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (1) on page 283, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00693.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5440759
Quenched Spin Tunneling and Diabolical Points in Magnetic Molecules: II. Asymmetric Configurations
Creators: name: Garg, Anupam
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The perfect quenching of spin tunneling first predicted for a model with biaxial symmetry, and recently observed in the magnetic molecule Fe_8, is further studied using the discrete phase integral (or Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin) method. The analysis of the previous paper is extended to the case where the magnetic field has both hard and easy components, so that the Hamiltonian has no obvious symmetry. Herring's formula is now inapplicable, so the problem is solved by finding the wavefunction and using connection formulas at every turning point. A general formula for the energy surface in the vicinity of the diabolo is obtained in this way. This formula gives the tunneling apmplitude between two wells unrelated by symmetry in terms of a small number of action integrals, and appears to be generally valid, even for problems where the recursion contains more than five terms. Explicit results are obtained for the diabolical points in the model for Fe_8. These results exactly parallel the experimental observations. It is found that the leading semiclassical results for the diabolical points appear to be exact, and the points themselves lie on a perfect centered rectangular lattice in the magnetic field space. A variety of evidence in favor of this perfect lattice hypothesis is presented.
description: Revtex; 4 ps figures; follow up to cond-mat/0003114
Blind Audio Source Separation with Minimum-Volume Beta-Divergence NMF
Creators: name: Leplat, Valentin
name: Gillis, Nicolas
name: Ang, Man Shun
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Considering a mixed signal composed of various audio sources and recorded with a single microphone, we consider on this paper the blind audio source separation problem which consists in isolating and extracting each of the sources. To perform this task, nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) based on the Kullback-Leibler and Itakura-Saito $β$-divergences is a standard and state-of-the-art technique that uses the time-frequency representation of the signal. We present a new NMF model better suited for this task. It is based on the minimization of $β$-divergences along with a penalty term that promotes the columns of the dictionary matrix to have a small volume. Under some mild assumptions and in noiseless conditions, we prove that this model is provably able to identify the sources. In order to solve this problem, we propose multiplicative updates whose derivations are based on the standard majorization-minimization framework. We show on several numerical experiments that our new model is able to obtain more interpretable results than standard NMF models. Moreover, we show that it is able to recover the sources even when the number of sources present into the mixed signal is overestimated. In fact, our model automatically sets sources to zero in this situation, hence performs model order selection automatically.
description: 24 pages, 10 figures, 3 tables
On index formulas for manifolds with metric horns
Creators: name: Lesch, Matthias
name: Peyerimhoff, Norbert
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 58G (Primary)

description: In this paper we discuss the index problem for geometric differential operators (Spin-Dirac operator, Gauß-Bonnet operator, Signature operator) on manifolds with metric horns. On singular manifolds these operators in general do not have unique closed extensions. But there always exist two extremal extensions $D_{min}$ and $D_{max}$. We describe the quotient ${\cal D}(D_{max}) / {\cal D}(D_{min})$ explicitely in geometric resp. topologic terms of the base manifolds of the metric horns. We derive index formulas for the Spin-Dirac and Gauß-Bonnet operator. For the Signature operator we present a partial result. The first version of this paper was completed August 1995 at the University of Augsburg.
description: LaTeX, 37 pages. Final version from 20 Jan 1998, completely revised
On-Demand Valet Charging for Electric Vehicles: Economic Equilibrium, Infrastructure Planning and Regulatory Incentives
Creators: name: Lai, Zhijie
name: Li, Sen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Many city residents cannot install their private electric vehicle (EV) chargers due to the lack of dedicated parking spaces or insufficient grid capacity. This presents a significant barrier towards large-scale EV adoption. To address this concern, this paper considers a novel business model, on-demand valet charging, that unlocks the potential of under-utilized public charging infrastructure to promise higher EV penetration. In the proposed model, a platform recruits a fleet of couriers that shuttle between customers and public charging stations to provide on-demand valet charging services to EV owners at an affordable price. Couriers are dispatched to pick up low-battery EVs from customers, deliver the EVs to charging stations, plug them in, and then return the fully-charged EVs to customers. To depict the proposed business model, we develop a queuing network to represent the stochastic matching dynamics, and further formulate an economic equilibrium model to capture the incentives of couriers, customers as well as the platform. These models are used to examine how charging infrastructure planning and regulatory intervention will affect the market outcome. First, we find that the optimal charging station densities for distinct stakeholders are different: couriers prefer a lower density; the platform prefers a higher density; while the density in-between leads to the highest EV penetration as it balances the time traveling to and queuing at charging stations. Second, we evaluate a regulatory policy that imposes a tax on the platform and invests the tax revenue in public charging infrastructure. Numerical results suggest that this regulation can suppress the platform's market power associated with monopoly pricing, increase social welfare, and facilitate the market expansion.
Additional file 13 of Dynamic genetic differentiation drives the widespread structural and functional convergent evolution of snake venom proteinaceous toxins
Creators: name: Xie, Bing
name: Dashevsky, Daniel
name: Rokyta, Darin
name: Ghezellou, Parviz
name: Fathinia, Behzad
name: Shi, Qiong
name: Richardson, Michael K.
name: Fry, Bryan G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 13. zoomable kallikrein tree.pdf.
Nambashag Worthy 2011, GEN. NOV.
Creators: name: Worthy, Trevor H.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Aves
Pelecaniformes
Phalacrocoracidae
Nambashag

description: NAMBASHAG GEN. NOV.   Type species: Nambashag billerooensis sp. nov.
 Diagnosis: A phalacrocoracid diagnosed by the following unique combination of characters: ulna with proc. cotyla dorsalis not distinctly hooked distally; coracoid with cotyla scapularis having a shallow sulcus; femur with insertion for M. caudofemoralis a short ovate crista immediately proximal to the nutrient foramen well separated from the crista marking the insertion of M. flexor ischiofemoralis more proximally; tibiotarsus with the thickened tip of the crista cnemialis cranialis in line with rest of the crista, rather than offset anteriorly, sulcus extensorius laterally placed, and pons supratendineus proximodistally short; tarsometatarsus with tendinal canal for M. flexor hallicus longus open plantarly, the tendinal canal for M. flexor digitorum longus nearly enclosed, the tendinal canal for M. flexor perforatus digiti 2 broadly open laterally, groove for M. extensor hallicus longus where it passes over the dorsomedial shaft margin significantly wider than shaft width, lateral margin slightly concave in anterior view, sulcus for M. abductor digiti IV deep over whole length of shaft so crista plantaris dorsalis is parallel and close to the dorsal facies over whole shaft length, and foramen vasculare distale relatively small and well separated from incisura intertrochlearis lateralis.
 Etymology: Noun in the nominative singular, masculine; from Namba, from which formation most fossils herein derive, and shaahg, the European name for Phalacrocorax aristotelis, from Old Norse skegg (the beard), so called on account of the recurved crest of feathers that its head is adorned with in spring plumage. The name ‘shag’ first appeared in Merrett (1667).
description: Published as part of Worthy, Trevor H., 2011, Descriptions and phylogenetic relationships of a new genus and two new species of Oligo-Miocene cormorants (Aves: Phalacrocoracidae) from Australia, pp. 277-314 in Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 163 (1) on page 284, DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.2011.00693.x, http://zenodo.org/record/5440759