Nesodiprion shinoharai Togashi 1998
Creators: name: Hara, Hideho
name: Smith, David R.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2015
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Diprionidae
Nesodiprion
Nesodiprion shinoharai

description: Nesodiprion shinoharai Togashi, 1998
Figs 4A–F, 6G–I, 7I –J, 8I –J, 9L, 10F, 11K–L, 12L–M, 13J–K, 14U–Y, 15L–O, 16K–L, 17K–L, 18F
Nesodiprion shinoharai Togashi, 1998: 255; Taeger et al. 2010: 210; Hara & Smith 2012: 21, 22.
Additional description of female [condition of holotype in brackets]. Length 6.8–7.5 [7.5] mm. Shiny, without colored metallic reflections (Figs 4A–D). Labrum dark reddish brown or black [dark reddish brown]. Wings narrowly darkened apically; forewing with vein C basally slightly pale, section of vein R1 basal to stigma scarcely or distinctly pale [scarcely], and basal part of vein A pale.
Head with punctures small and predominantly separated on dorsal area, generally large and mostly contiguous on anterodorsal and ventral areas (Figs 6G–H); punctures on supraclypeal area and dorsal part of clypeus small and shallow; ventral part of clypeus and labrum nearly smooth. In thorax, punctures small, mostly shallow on mesoscutum, large, distinct and predominantly contiguous on mesoscutellum (Fig. 9L), and large, distinct and mostly contiguous or fused on dorsal part of mesepisternum (Fig. 11K). Dorsum of abdomen posteriorly punctured; first abdominal tergum not punctured as in Fig. 13K or medially narrowly punctured [not punctured], sometimes centrally with inconspicuous oblique striae [with striae] (Fig. 13J).
Distance between eyes 1.9–2.1 [2.0] × eye height. Postocellar area with width 1.4–1.7 [1.5] × length. Ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.0–1.3:1.0:1.0–1.1 [1.3:1.0:1.1]; ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.0–1.1:1.0 [1.1:1.0] (Fig. 6G). Distance between torulus and eye 1.2–1.3 [1.2] × distance between toruli. Malar space 1.0–1.6 [1.6] × width of median ocellus. Antenna with 23–24 [23] antennomeres; first flagellomere in lateral view with length along dorsal margin 1.4–1.6 [1.6] × apical breadth except for ramus and ramus in conspicuous or its length 0.2–0.6 [0.2] × length of flagellomere (Figs 7I –J). Anterior edge of mesoscutellum angled 100–120° [120°] (Fig. 9L). In hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.1–1.4 [1.4] × tibia breadth (Fig. 12L). In hind wing, section of vein 1A between crossveins a and cu-a 1.2–1.5 [1.5] × as long as width of cell 1A.
Ovipositor sheath as in Figs 14U–Y. Lance (Figs 15L–N) abruptly narrowing from middle in dorsal and lateral views; small projection present behind posterior projection of processus articularis. Lancet (Figs 16K–L) with 12 annuli (apical annulus very small),with length from apex to ventral end of first (most basal) row of spines (ctenidium) 2.5 × maximum width; spines narrow; first row of spines nearly erect, with ventral end widely separated from ventral margin of lancet; serrulae of second and third annuli fused and appearing as large 4-dentate serrula; other serrulae small; serrulae of fourth and fifth annulus posteriorly angulated.
Description of male (hitherto undescribed). Length 5.8–6.0 mm (Figs 4E–F). As in female, but differing as follows except for usual sexual differences. Legs yellow, black on basal parts of coxae, orange on femora except for trochantelli and narrow apices, apices of fore and mid tibiae, apical fourth to third of hind tibia, apices of tarsi and spurs.
Distance between eyes 1.8–1.9 × eye height. Postocellar area with width 1.8–1.9 × length. Ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus, between lateral ocelli, and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 0.9–1.0:1.0:0.8; ratio of distances between eye and lateral ocellus and between lateral ocellus and posterior margin of head 1.2:1.0 (Fig. 6I). Distance between torulus and eye 0.9–1.1 × distance between toruli. Antenna (Fig. 4F) with 26–27 antennomeres. In hind leg, first tarsomere length 1.6–1.7 × tibia breadth (Fig. 12M). In hind wing, section of vein 1A between crossveins a and cu-a 1.1 × width of cell 1A. Subgenital plate in ventral view with apical margin truncate (Fig. 4F).
Genital capsule (Figs 17K–L) wide in dorsal or ventral view. In ventral view, parapenis wide, apically rounded. Harpe in ventral view narrow, with medial margin nearly straight and apex nearly pointed. Valviceps in dorsal view narrow and straight, in lateral view (Fig. 18F) wide, with dorsal margin distinctly convex angularly near apex.
Material examined. Holotype (Figs 4A–B): ♀, “Mt. Ōtakiyama Nagano VII. 22. 1968 Coll. A. Shinohara” (NSMT). Other material examined: JAPAN, HONSHU―Nagano Pref.: 1♀, Sakuho, Mugikusa-toge, coll. larva 11. IX. 2010, coc. 15. IX, em. 17. IV. 2011, host: Pinus koraiensis, H. Kojima (USNM); 1♀ 1♂, Minamiaiki, Tateharakogen, coll. larva 11. IX. 2010, coc. 16–19. IX, em. 6–7. V. 2011, host: Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla, H. Kojima (NSMT); 1♀ 3♂, Komoro, Mt. Mizunoto-yama, coll. larva 19. IX. 2013, coc. 24–26. IX, em. 11. V.–17. VI. 2014, host: Pinus parviflora var. pentaphylla, H. Kojima (NSMT).
Distribution. Japan: Honshu.
Host plants. Pinaceae: Pinus koraiensis Siebold et Zucc., P. parviflora Siebold et Zucc. var. pentaphylla (Mayr) A. Henry (new record).
Life history. In mountainous regions in Honshu, one adult was collected in late July, and larvae were collected in mid-September. Larvae solitarily feed on needles (Kojima, personal communication, 2015).
Remarks. Nesodiprion shinoharai is easily distinguished from other congeners as in the key below.
Togashi (1998) stated that the oblique striae on the first abdominal tergum is an important specific character, but the tergum is faintly striate only in the holotype (Fig. 13J) and not striate in other specimens as in Fig. 13K.
description: Published as part of Hara, Hideho & Smith, David R., 2015, Japanese species of the sawfly genus Nesodiprion (Hymenoptera, Diprionidae), pp. 481-508 in Zootaxa 4007 (4) on pages 505-506, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4007.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/235502