cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Conservation of recurrent chimeras between human and mouse
Creators: name: Djebali, Sarah
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Conserved recurrent chimeras tend to connect genes located on the same chromosome, and near to each other. They tend to maintain an open reading frame and the junction site involves orthologous splice junctions. The genes connected tend to be involved in morphogenesis and body plan formation; consistently they tend to be detected in cell lines of embryonic origin. The genomic distance between orthologous gene pairs appears to be conserved. Conserved recurrent chimeras are therefore potentially functional and deserve further study.
FLAGdb++ : a new functionality to compare genome structures in plants
Creators: name: Plumas, Sandra
name: Boudet, Nathalie
name: Guichard, Cécile
name: Grevet, Philippe
name: Marie-Laure Martin-Magniette
name: Brunard, Véronique
name: Tamby, Jean Philippe
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: The FLAGdb++ information system, i.e. a core database coupled to a distributed Java interface, gathers complete sequences of selected plant genomes and heterogeneous data coming from experimental approaches or computer predictions. It allows considering genes in large contexts like the chromosome, gene family or group of orthologs. The FLAGdb++ version 6.1 gives access to six complete genomes, i.e. Arabidopsis thaliana, rice, poplar, grape, melon and tomato. Along with structural and functional annotations, a range of new features are available including 8,787 SNPs for the tomato genome, as well as 171,900 RNAseq contigs used to improve gene discovery in melon. FLAGdb++ includes the alternative gene models predicted for 30% and 27% of the A.thaliana and melon loci respectively. FLAGdb++ provides an integrated environment to explore various structural and functional features. While hosting different genomes, FLAGdb++ provides comparisons tools at different scales. First, the orthology interface shows the reciprocal blast hits between proteomes, and can perform multiple alignments of proteins, a particularly powerful feature when inferring functions to genes. Second, a new functionality has been developed, extending comparisons to genome scale. Distributions of structural traits such as CDS length, 5' and 3' UTR length, number of exons per gene and percent of coding nucleotides in genes were computed for each genome. Non-parametric Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon statistical tests were performed at a level of 0.05 to compare the distributions and results are displayed in a graphical interface using box-plots. As a convenience, structural traits distributions of a species-specific gene list can be visualized on the same figures, while performing the statistical test on-the-fly. Thereafter, visualizing the distributions of corresponding lists of orthologs in every organism is easily done within the interface. Combining orthology and genome comparison appears complementary when carrying comparative analyses and transferring knowledge from model species to crops, and can help to formulate new hypotheses for translational research in plant biology.
title: A meta-analysis of ecosystems’ trophic functioning: identification of typical trophic behavior and associated responses to fishing impact
Creators: name: Colléter, Mathieu
name: Gascuel, Didier
name: Pauly, Daniel
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. In recent years, Ecopath with Ecosim (EwE) has become the standard for marine food web modelling, with more than 400 models worldwide. Yet, to date, only a handful of studies used these models to extract global trends and patterns.
The Cosmological Slingshot Scenario: A Stringy Early Times Universe
Creators: name: Germani, Cristiano
name: Grandi, N. E.
name: Kehagias, Alex
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A cosmological model for the early time Universe is proposed. In this model, the Universe is a wandering brane moving in a warped throat of a Calabi-Yau space. A non-zero angular momentum induces a turning point in the brane trajectory, and leads to a bouncing cosmology as experienced by an observer living on the brane. The Universe undergoes a decelerated contraction followed by an accelerating expansion and no big-bang singularity. Although the number of e-folds of accelerated motion is low (less than 2), standard cosmological problems are not present in our model thanks to the absence of an initial singularity and the violation of energy conditions of mirage matter at high energies. Density perturbations are also calculated in our model and we find a slightly red spectral index with negligible tensorial perturbations in compatibility with WMAP data.
description: v5: clarifications and references added, results unchanged, version accepted in Class. Quant. Grav. (2008), 34 pages, 5 figures
title: Scenarios analysis of the impacts of climate and fisheries on the Adriatic Sea food web
Creators: name: Libralato, Simone
name: Solidoro, Cosimo
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Climatic changes are expected to produce variations of river run‐off that might substantially modify the structure and functioning of marine food webs with important consequences for exploited species. The integration of biogeochemical processes and food web dynamics in an End‐to‐End modelling approach is a possible way to tackle this issue by implementing scenarios analysis. In this work, we analyse the potential cascading effects of simultaneous climate‐driven and fisheries changes on the food web of the Adriatic Sea ecosystem by using a hierarchy of linked models. A set of more than 80 scenarios was implemented by simulating different climate, i.e. modification in the seasonality of river runoff, and fishing, i.e. increase/decrease of fishing mortality by main target species and of fishing effort by gears. Changes are analysed by comparing the long‐term evolution of biomasses of food web groups as well as several ecological indicators of ecosystem structure, organization and diversity.
From Idea to Instagram: How an Academic Library Marketing Committee Created a Character for the YouTube Generation
Creators: name: Putnam, Laksamee
name: Garczynski, Joyce
name: Woznicki, Lisa
Publisher: name: Maryland Shared Open Access Repository
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Academic library
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Social media

description: After observing low usage statistics for a handful of library services, Albert S. Cook Library’s Marketing Committee decided to create videos to promote underutilized resources. In past videos, the library relied on student actors, but it became increasingly difficult to find students willing to participate. As a result, the library purchased a puppet and then created videos featuring him. This chapter details how committee members created the puppet’s persona and scripted, filmed, edited, promoted and assessed the effectiveness of these videos. The chapter concludes with considerations for other libraries wishing to develop their own character-centric promotional campaigns.
Interacting Particle Systems in Complex Networks
Creators: name: Noh, Jae Dong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present our recent work on stochastic particle systems on complex networks. As a noninteracting system we first consider the diffusive motion of a random walker on heterogeneous complex networks. We find that the random walker is attracted toward nodes with larger degree and that the random walk motion is asymmetric. The asymmetry can be quantified with the random walk centrality, the matrix formulation of which is presented. As an interacting system, we consider the zero-range process on complex networks. We find that a structural heterogeneity can lead to a condensation phenomenon. These studies show that structural heterogeneity plays an important role in understanding the properties of dynamical systems.
description: presented at Dynamics Days Asia Pacific 4
Electrically non-neutral ground states of stars
Creators: name: Hund, Parker
name: Kiessling, Michael K. -H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To approximately compute the non-relativistic ground state of an electrically non-neutral star, an exactly solvable model was recently introduced, and partly solved, by Krivoruchenko, Nadyozhin, and Yudin. The model generalizes the well-known Lane--Emden equation of a polytropic gas ball of index $n=1$ to a two-fluid setting. Here its complete solution is presented in terms of simple elementary functions; it is also generalized to a more-than-two-fluid setting where it remains exactly solvable. It is shown that, given the number of nuclei, a maximal negatively and a maximal positively charged solution exists, plus a continuous family of solutions which interpolates between these extremes. Numerical comparisons show that this exactly solvable model captures the qualitative behavior of the more physical model it is supposed to approximate. Furthermore, it correctly answers the question: how non-neutral can the star be? The answer is independent of the speed of light $c$ and the Planck quantum $h$. It supports Penrose's weak cosmic censorship hypothesis, in the sense that the bounds on the excess charge are compatible with the bound on the charge of a Reissner--Weyl--Nordström black hole.
description: 26 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. D. This preprint is a significant expansion (with its own new title) of about 2/3 of the 18 page preprint arXiv:2008.04501v1 that was split into two pieces. The other 1/3 of arXiv:2008.04501v1 was slightly expanded and became arXiv:2008.04501v2 (with the original title) that will appear in Am. J. Phys
Θέματα έρευνας και μελέτης για την επιλογή χώρων απόθεσης τοξικών και πυρηνικών αποβλήτων:
Creators: name: Χατζηλίδου, Ελισάβετ Πέτρου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Διαχείριση πυρηνικών
Θερμικό φορτίο
Πέτρωμα υποδοχής
Nuclear Management
Thermal loading
Host rock

description: Η διαχείριση των τοξικών και πυρηνικών αποβλήτων καθώς και η επιλογή του χώρου διάθεσης, αντιμετωπίζεται ως σύστημα. Αποτελεί ένα σύμπλεγμα παραγόντων και επιπτώσεων, οι οποίες προκαλούνται σε όλα τα στάδια διαχείρισης. Σημαντικό ρόλο διαδραματίζει το γεγονός πως αν και η πυρηνική ενέργεια είναι σύμφωνη με τις Αρχές της Βιώσιμης Ανάπτυξης, υπάρχει έντονη ανησυχία αναφορικά με τη διαχείριση των αποβλήτων. Η τοπική γεωλογία, η στάθμη του υπόγειου υδροφορέα, η σεισμικότητα της περιοχής είναι μόνο λίγοι από τις εξεταζόμενες παραμέτρους, όπου σε συνδυασμό με πολιτικο- οικονομικούς παράγοντες προκύπτει παραμετρικά η επιλεγόμενη θέση απόθεσης. Η εκτενής ανάλυση των παραμέτρων αυτών γίνεται μέσω της παρουσίασης του συστήματος διαχείρισης (είδους αποβλήτων, των δοχείων διάθεσης, των πετρωμάτων υποδοχής κλπ) χωρών της Κ. Ευρώπης, αλλά και των ΗΠΑ καθώς και της Ασίας. Παράλληλα είναι εμφανής η αναγκαιότητα εργαστηριακών προγραμμάτων, όπως είναι το Stripa Project καθώς επίσης επισημαίνεται η αναγκαιότητα εφαρμογής προγραμμάτων προσομοίωσης του ενεργού υφιστάμενου τασικού πεδίου. Οι σύγχρονες, όμως, μελέτες συνεχίζονται με ικανοποιητικά αποτελέσματα. Η συνεχής βελτίωση των μεθόδων επεξεργασίας των αποβλήτων, αποτελεί σύμμαχο στην αποτελεσματική διαχείρισή τους, η οποία εγγυάται την πυρηνική ασφάλεια, τη μη διάδοση αλλά και τον εφησυχασμό των δημοσίων και πολιτικών ανησυχιών σχετικά με την οικονομική ανταγωνιστικότητα.
description: The management of toxic and nuclear waste and also the choice of the disposal site, is treated as a system. It is a complex of factors and effects that they are caused at all the stages. Important role plays the fact that although the nuclear energy is consistent with the Principles of Sustainable Development, there is great concern as regard the management of the waste. The local geology, the level of the underground water-table, the seismicity of the area is only a few of the examined parameters, which in combination with political and economic factors indicate parametrically the chosen position of deposition. The extensive analysis of these parameters becomes through the presentation of the management system ( the kinds of the waste, the canisters, the host rock, etc.) of countries of Central Europe and the U.S.A and also of countries of Asia. Also it is clear the need of laboratory programmes, such as Stripa Project and also its underlined the need of implementation of simulated programmes for the active current stress field. However, the current studies are continued with satisfying results. The continuous improvement of methods of waste treatment is an ally to the effective management, which ensures the nuclear safety, the non-spread but the reassurance of the public and political concerns about the economic competitiveness.
Machine learning-based method for linearization and error compensation of an absolute rotary encoder
Creators: name: Iafolla, Lorenzo
name: Filipozzi, Massimiliano
name: Freund, Sara
name: Zam, Azhar
name: Rauter, Georg
name: Cattin, Philippe Claude
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The main objective of this work is to develop a miniaturized, high accuracy, single-turn absolute, rotary encoder called ASTRAS360. Its measurement principle is based on capturing an image that uniquely identifies the rotation angle. To evaluate this angle, the image first has to be classified into its sector based on its color, and only then can the angle be regressed. In-spired by machine learning, we built a calibration setup, able to generate labeled training data automatically. We used these training data to test, characterize, and compare several machine learning algorithms for the classification and the regression. In an additional experiment, we also characterized the tolerance of our rotary encoder to eccentric mounting. Our findings demonstrate that various algorithms can perform these tasks with high accuracy and reliability; furthermore, providing extra-inputs (e.g. rotation direction) allows the machine learning algorithms to compensate for the mechanical imperfections of the rotary encoder.
description: This paper was submitted for publication to Measurement (Elsevier) on the 7th July 2020
General Formula for the Momentum Imparted to Test Particles in Arbitrary Spacetimes
Creators: name: Qadir, Asghar
name: Sharif, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Ehlers and Kundt have provided an approximate procedure to demonstrate that gravitational waves impart momentum to test particles. This was extended to cylindrical gravitational waves by Weber and Wheeler. Here a general, exact, formula for the momentum imparted to test particles in arbitrary spacetimes is presented.
description: 6 pages
Additional file 1 of Development of a competency-based clinical assessment instrument for exit level Oral Hygiene students at the University of Western Cape
Creators: name: Naidoo, M.
name: Brijlal, P.
name: Cader, R.
name: Gordon, N. A.
name: Rayner, C. A.
name: Viljoen, K.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Hematology
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1.
Close-coupling calculations of rotational energy transfer in p-H2+HD
Creators: name: Sultanov, Renat A.
name: Guster, Dennis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report quantum-mechanical close-coupling calculations for rotational state resolved cross sections for p-H2+HD collisions. The low temperature limit of p-H2+HD is investigated, which is of significant astrophysical interest in regard to the cooling of primordial gas and the interstellar media. Sharp resonances have been reproduced in the cross sections of some transition states at very low kinetic energies, E< 0.00001 eV.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures
title: Multispecies considerations in stock assessments: “yes we can”
Creators: name: Howell, Daniel
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Fisheries generally target a limited range of stocks from a complex and dynamic ecosystem, and adapting our assessment and management strategies to this reality is a challenge. Stock assessment within ICES and elsewhere has generally been conducted on a single-species basis. This is a pragmatic approach that has allowed for high quality single-species stock assessments to be prepared and updated on a timely basis, and has proved capable of giving advice able to underpin sound precautionary fisheries management. At the same time there is a desire to move towards multispecies or ecosystem-based assessment “in the future”. However, it would be misleading to suggest that multispecies considerations are entirely absent from our current assessments. In a number of key fisheries around the world (including within ICES), important multispecies predation pressures are already taken into consideration in the current “single-species” assessment. This presentation highlights fisheries where this happens, and outlines several different mechanisms by which this is achieved today. We further consider the extent this “half-way house” provides a stepping stone towards wider ecosystem-based management.
An ultradeep submillimetre map: beneath the SCUBA confusion limit with lensing and robust source extraction
Creators: name: Knudsen, K. K.
name: Barnard, V. E.
name: van der Werf, P. P.
name: Vielva, P.
name: Kneib, J. -P.
name: Blain, A. W.
name: Barreiro, R. B.
name: Ivison, R. J.
name: Smail, I.
name: Peacock, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Extracting sources with low signal-to-noise from maps with structured background is a non-trivial task which has become important in studying the faint end of the submillimetre number counts. In this article we study source extraction from submillimetre jiggle-maps from the Submillimetre Common-User Bolometer Array (SCUBA) using the Mexican Hat Wavelet (MHW), an isotropic wavelet technique. As a case study we use a large (11.8 arcmin^2) jiggle-map of the galaxy cluster Abell 2218, with a 850um 1sigma r.m.s. sensitivity of 0.6-1mJy. We show via simulations that MHW is a powerful tool for reliable extraction of low signal-to-noise sources from SCUBA jiggle-maps and nine sources are detected in the A2218 850um image. Three of these sources are identified as images of a single background source with an unlensed flux of 0.8mJy. Further, two single-imaged sources also have unlensed fluxes <2mJy, below the blank-field confusion limit. In this ultradeep map, the individual sources detected resolve nearly all of the extragalactic background light at 850um, and the deep data allow to put an upper limit of 44 sources per arcmin^2 to 0.2mJy at 850um.
description: 11 pages, 6 figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Figures 2 and 4 (lower panel) available in higher resolution http://www.mpia.de/homes/knudsen/papers/mhw_paper.html
ACTION - Air Pollution in Schools - snapshot
Creators: name: user, user
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2021

description: Norway is the land of fjords, trolls and – electric cars. By actively promoting the purchase of electric cars, the Norwegian government is aiming at protecting the environment and not least improving air quality, especially in urban areas. Air quality is still a reason for concern in many European countries, including the Nordic countries. Not many people are aware of this fact, and this is where the Norwegian pilot of the ACTION project comes in.The pilot gives high school students in Oslo and the larger Oslo area the opportunity to design and carry out their own air quality projects, using an off-the-shelf air quality sensor platform. The aim is to create awareness about the sources of air pollution, make the students think of ways to reduce both emission and exposure and teach them scientific working methods. We use the Nova SDS011 sensor for measuring PM2.5 and PM10 that is transmitting data to an Arduino board. The data can be obtained through an SD card.
Paradox of inductionless magnetorotational instability in a Taylor-Couette flow with a helical magnetic field
Creators: name: Priede, J.
name: Grants, I.
name: Gerbeth, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the magnetorotational instability (MRI) of a hydrodynamically stable Taylor-Couette flow with a helical external magnetic field in the inductionless approximation defined by a zero magnetic Prandtl number ($\Pm=0)$. This leads to a considerable simplification of the problem eventually containing only hydrodynamic variables. First, we point out that the energy of any perturbation growing in the presence of magnetic field has to grow faster without the field. This is a paradox because the base flow is stable without the magnetic while it is unstable in the presence of a helical magnetic field without being modified by the latter as it has been found recently by Hollerbach and Rudiger [Phys. Rev. Lett. 95, 124501 (2005)]. We revisit this problem by using a Chebyshev collocation method to calculate the eigenvalue spectrum of the linearized problem. In this way, we confirm that MRI with helical magnetic field indeed works in the inductionless limit where the destabilization effect appears as an effective shift of the Rayleigh line. Second, we integrate the linearized equations in time to study the transient behavior of small amplitude perturbations, thus showing that the energy arguments are correct as well. However, there is no real contradiction between both facts. The linear stability theory predicts the asymptotic development of an arbitrary small-amplitude perturbation, while the energy stability theory yields the instant growth rate of any particular perturbation, but it does not account for the evolution of this perturbation.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Phys. Rev. E
Experimental dynamic verification of open piled wharf models
Creators: name: Yee, Steven W. G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Designers of wharf structures have historically had little guidance from published standards from which to base their seismic designs. Many of the methods used to develop models for seismic analysis are taken from building or bridge codes, but fundamental differences between the support systems in buildings/bridges and wharves may make these codes unsuitable for analysing wharf structures. Little research has been done to verify the applicability of building and bridge code recommendations for the seismic analysis of open-piled wharves. The aim of this study was to assess the relative importance of different modelling assumptions, taken from guidelines set out by building and bridge codes, to determine the inputs for the dynamic modelling of wharves. In this study, two wharves, a vertical piled wharf and a batter piled wharf, were analysed to determine their dynamic characteristics. The vertical piled wharf was monitored by means of an ambient vibration survey. The ambient vibration measurements provided data from which to calculate the low level vibration characteristics of the wharf. The dynamic characteristics determined from the data were used to calibrate a computer model that was, in turn, used to conduct a parametric study of the major variables used to model wharf structures. The variables that were studied were as follows: non-structural restraints; length to fixity of the piles; structure mass; and stiffness of the framing members. It was found that the first two parameters can make a large difference in the dynamic properties of the structure, while the influence of the last two parameters is relatively insignificant. The batter piled wharf was subjected to strong motion shaking during the 1989 Loma Prieta earthquake. Because of the limited availability of strong motion data for wharves, the data recorded during the earthquake provided a unique opportunity to determine the behaviour of the wharf under strong shaking as well as to evaluate its dynamic characteristics. Analysis showed that the individual sections of the wharf moved independently of one another during the earthquake, although these motions were highly influenced by the ground movements in the free field. Frequency and time domain analyses resulted in the determination of one transverse natural frequency at approximately 3.0 Hz for one of the independent sections of the structure.
Discovering candidates for gene network expansion by variable subsetting and ranking aggregation
Creators: name: Erculiani, Luca
name: Galante, Francesca
name: Gallo, Caterina
name: Asnicar, Francesco
name: Masera, Luca
name: Morettin, Paolo
name: Sella, Nadir
name: Tolio, Thomas
name: Malacarne, Giulia
name: Engelen, Kristof
name: Argentini, Andrea
name: Cavecchia, Valter
name: Moser, Claudio
name: Blanzieri, Enrico
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Gene Network Expansion is a research topic in Computational Systems Biology that deals with the discovery of genes that are functionally dependent with the genes of a particular biological process. We refer to a set of interactive genes in a specific organism as local gene network (LGN). Nowadays, we have an incomplete knowledge about pathways and gene interactions. For this reason, the discovery of new genes is important for guiding biological researches by providing insightful suggestions.

Network Expansion by variable Subsetting and Ranking Aggregation (NESRA) is a new method that performs a Gene Network Expansion task. The Gene Network Expansion starts with the subsetting of the chosen genome into graphs of a given size (tile size). This procedure can be iterated several times using the iterations parameter. For each of the graphs produced in the previous step, we apply the PC algorithm. Finally, we collect and aggregate the results with respect to a local gene network, producing a ranked list of potential genes that expand the LGN.
Correlator Convolutional Neural Networks: An Interpretable Architecture for Image-like Quantum Matter Data
Creators: name: Miles, Cole
name: Bohrdt, Annabelle
name: Wu, Ruihan
name: Chiu, Christie
name: Xu, Muqing
name: Ji, Geoffrey
name: Greiner, Markus
name: Weinberger, Kilian Q.
name: Demler, Eugene
name: Kim, Eun-Ah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Machine learning models are a powerful theoretical tool for analyzing data from quantum simulators, in which results of experiments are sets of snapshots of many-body states. Recently, they have been successfully applied to distinguish between snapshots that can not be identified using traditional one and two point correlation functions. Thus far, the complexity of these models has inhibited new physical insights from this approach. Here, using a novel set of nonlinearities we develop a network architecture that discovers features in the data which are directly interpretable in terms of physical observables. In particular, our network can be understood as uncovering high-order correlators which significantly differ between the data studied. We demonstrate this new architecture on sets of simulated snapshots produced by two candidate theories approximating the doped Fermi-Hubbard model, which is realized in state-of-the art quantum gas microscopy experiments. From the trained networks, we uncover that the key distinguishing features are fourth-order spin-charge correlators, providing a means to compare experimental data to theoretical predictions. Our approach lends itself well to the construction of simple, end-to-end interpretable architectures and is applicable to arbitrary lattice data, thus paving the way for new physical insights from machine learning studies of experimental as well as numerical data.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures + 13 pages of supplemental material
Detecting First Star Lyman-$α$ Spheres through Gravitational Telescopes
Creators: name: Li, Guoliang
name: Zhang, Pengjie
name: Chen, Xuelei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Lyman-$α$ spheres, i.e. regions around the first stars which are illuminated by Lyman-$α$ photons and show 21cm absorption feature against the CMB, are smoking guns at the dawn of the reionization epoch. Though overwhelming radio foreground makes their detections extremely difficult, we pointed out that, strong gravitational lensing can significantly improve their observational feasibility. Since Lyman-$α$ spheres have ~10" sizes, comparable to the caustic size of galaxy clusters, individual images of each strongly lensed Lyman-$α$ sphere often merge together and form single structures in the 21cm sky with irregular shapes. Using high-resolution N-body LCDM simulations, we found that the lensing probability to have magnification bigger than 10 is ~10^{-5}. This results in $\ga 10^6$ strongly lensed Lyman-$α$ spheres across the sky, which should be the primary targets for first detections of Lyman-$α$ spheres. Although the required total radio array collecting area for their detection is large (~100 km^2), the design of long fixed cylindrical reflectors can significantly reduce the total cost of such array to the level of the square kilometer array (SKA) and makes the detection of these very first objects feasible.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, accepted by the Astrophysical Journal
Latent tree models for cancer phylogenetics
Creators: name: Hindalong, Emily
name: Farahani, Hossein
name: Shah, Sohrab
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: An accurate phylogeny of a cancer tumor has the potential to shed light on numerous phenomena, such as key oncogenetic events, relationships between clones, and evolutionary responses to treatment. We have developed scalable methods to learn phylogenies from point-mutation profiles of deeply sequenced single-cell cancer data. Our methods allow observed varieties to be assigned to the leaves or the internal nodes of a tree, whereas traditional phylogenetic methods put all the extant varieties on the leaves. This is motivated by the fact that in cancer, some ancestral genotypes may be present in existing populations.
Results of conservative treatment in patients with phosphate diabetes
Creators: name: Martsyniak, Stepan
Publisher: name: F1000Research
Year: 2015

description: Bone metabolism has been studied in patients with phosphate diabetes before and after medication, the proposed medication has a positive effect on abnormal bone metabolism with phosphate diabetes, reduced osteomalacia, reduced violation ratios of bone formation and bone resorption, loss of organic matrix of bone.
Αποτίμηση μεθοδολογιών χρονικού προγραμματισμού πολλαπλών έργων με περιορισμούς πόρων με χρήση του λογισμικού Primavera:
Creators: name: Κελεσίδου, Αννα Κωνσταντίνου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2011
Subjects: Διαχείριση έργων
Χρονικός προγραμματισμός πολλαπλών έργων
Περιορισμένοι πόροι
Κανόνες προτεραιοποίησης
Πριμαβέρα Π6
Project management
Multi-project scheduling
Resource-constrained
Priority rules
Primavera P6

description: Οι σύγχρονες απαιτήσεις διαχείρισης έργων που επιβάλλουν την παράλληλη διαχείριση περισσοτέρων του ενός έργων με περιορισμένη και προκαθορισμένη διαθεσιμότητα πόρων έχουν οδηγήσει μια σειρά επιστημόνων να εστιάσουν τις προσπάθειές τους στο χρονικό προγραμματισμό πολλαπλών έργων με περιορισμένους πόρους (RCMPSP).Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία πραγματοποιείται κατ αρχήν η απαρίθμηση και η αποτίμηση των κυριότερων και αντιπροσωπευτικότερων μεθοδολογιών, που έχουν αναπτυχθεί, σχετικά με την επίλυση του γενικού μοντέλου του RCMPSP. Στη συνέχεια διαμορφώνεται ένα αποτελεσματικό χρονοδιάγραμμα ενός χαρτοφυλακίου έργων και επιχειρείται η εξισορρόπηση της χρήσης των πόρων μέσω των εναλλακτικών λύσεων που αποτελούν περιπτώσεις του RCMPSP και παρέχονται από το χρησιμοποιούμενο λογισμικό. Η υλοποίηση πραγματοποιείται με το λογισμικό πακέτο διαχείρισης έργων Primavera P6. Διατυπώνεται μια μεθοδολογική προσέγγιση των χαρακτηριστικών του λογισμικού και εξετάζεται μια μελέτη περίπτωσης πολλαπλών αντιπροσωπευτικών έργων. Πιο συγκεκριμένα, διαμορφώνεται το χαρτοφυλάκιο έργων και εξετάζονται και αποτιμώνται διαφορετικές επιλογές εξισορρόπησης που προκύπτουν από τη χρήση εναλλακτικών κανόνων προτεραιοποίησης καθώς και από τους κατά ζεύγη συνδυασμούς τους. Τα αποτελέσματα καταδεικνύουν τη σκοπιμότητα και την αποτελεσματικότητα του εκάστοτε συνδυασμού. Στο τέλος, παρουσιάζονται συγκεντρωτικά τα συμπεράσματα της εργασίας και διατυπώνονται προτάσεις για μελλοντική έρευνα επί του αντικειμένου.
description: Modern project management requirements which impose the simultaneous management of several projects with limited and predetermined availability of resources have led a number of scientists to focus their efforts on resource – constrained multi-project scheduling problem (RCMPSP).In this thesis the list and the assessment of the main and most representative methodologies, firstly developed with regard to the resolution of the general model RCMPSP are presented. Then, an effective schedule of one portfolio of projects is formed and the leveling of the use of resources through the alternative solutions, which are cases of RCMPSP and provided by the software used, is attempted. The implementation takes place with project management software package Primavera P6. A methodological approach to the characteristics of software is given and a case study of multiple representative projects is analyzed. More specifically, the portfolio of projects is created and the different options of leveling arising from the use of alternative priority rules as well as the pairwise combinations are examined and evaluated. The results present the feasibility and effectiveness of each combination. In the end, the
What is the role of stellar radiative feedback in setting the stellar mass spectrum?
Creators: name: Hennebelle, Patrick
name: Commercon, Benoit
name: Lee, Yueh-Ning
name: Chabrier, Gilles
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In spite of decades of theoretical efforts, the physical origin of the stellar initial mass function (IMF) is still debated. Particularly crucial is the question of what sets the peak of the distribution. To investigate this issue we perform high resolution numerical simulations with radiative feedback exploring in particular the role of the stellar and accretion luminosities. We also perform simulations with a simple effective equation of state (eos) and we investigate 1000 solar mass clumps having respectively 0.1 and 0.4 pc of initial radii. We found that most runs, both with radiative transfer or an eos, present similar mass spectra with a peak broadly located around 0.3-0.5 M$_\odot$ and a powerlaw-like mass distribution at higher masses. However, when accretion luminosity is accounted for, the resulting mass spectrum of the most compact clump tends to be moderately top-heavy. The effect remains limited for the less compact one, which overall remains colder. Our results support the idea that rather than the radiative stellar feedback, this is the transition from the isothermal to the adiabatic regime, which occurs at a gas density of about 10$^{10}$ cm$^{-3}$, that is responsible for setting the peak of the initial mass function. This stems for the fact that $i)$ extremely compact clumps for which the accretion luminosity has a significant influence are very rare and $ii)$ because of the luminosity problem, which indicates that the effective accretion luminosity is likely weaker than expected.
description: accepted for publication in ApJ
The Lueders Postulate and the Distinguishability of Observables
Creators: name: Meister, Bernhard K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Lueders postulate is reviewed and implications for the distinguishability of observables are discussed. As an example the distinguishability of two similar observables for spin-1/2 particles is described. Implementation issues are briefly analyzed.
description: Submitted to the proceedings of ICFNCS, Hong Kong, 2006
The Submillimeter Active Region Excess Brightness Temperature during Solar Cycles 23 and 24
Creators: name: de Castro, C. Guillermo Giménez
name: Pereira, André L. G.
name: Silva, J. Fernando Valle
name: Selhorst, Caius L.
name: Mandrini, Cristina H.
name: Cristiani, Germán D.
name: Raulin, Jean-Pierre
name: Valio, Adriana
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the temporal evolution of the excess brightness temperature above solar active regions (ARs) observed with the Solar Submillimeter Telescope (SST) at 212 (λ = 1.4 mm) and 405 GHz (λ = 0.7 mm) during Cycles 23 and 24. Comparison with the sunspot number (SSN) yields a Pearson's correlation coefficient R = 0.88 and 0.74 for 212 and 405 GHz, respectively. Moreover, when only Cycle 24 is taken into account the correlation coefficients go to 0.93 and 0.81 for each frequency. We derive the spectral index α between SST frequencies and found a slight anti-correlation with the SSN (R = -0.25); however, since the amplitude of the variation is lower than the standard deviation we cannot draw a definite conclusion. Indeed, α remains almost constant within the uncertainties with a median value approximate to 0 characteristic of an optically thick thermal source. Since the origin of the AR submillimeter radiation is thermal continuum produced at chromospheric heights, the strong correlation between the excess brightness temperature and the magnetic cycle evolution could be related to the available free magnetic energy to be released in reconnection events.
description: Accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
title: Patterns influencing species dynamics in and between guilds in the northeast Pacific and the role of environmental gradients in shaping interactions
Creators: name: Baker, Matthew R.
name: Hollowed, Anne B.
name: Clarke, M. Elizabeth
name: Hilborn, Ray
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Population dynamics of marine species vary across space and time, reflecting biological interactions, environmental forcing, and external perturbation. Understanding the relative influence of these various drivers requires a better understanding of species interactions, broad-scale community dynamics, and how habitat and climate drive and constrain predatory and competitive interactions
Determination of the Fermion Pair Size in a Resonantly Interacting Superfluid
Creators: name: Schunck, Christian H.
name: Shin, Yong-il
name: Schirotzek, Andre
name: Ketterle, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fermionic superfluidity requires the formation of pairs. The actual size of these fermion pairs varies by orders of magnitude from the femtometer scale in neutron stars and nuclei to the micrometer range in conventional superconductors. Many properties of the superfluid depend on the pair size relative to the interparticle spacing. This is expressed in BCS-BEC crossover theories, describing the crossover from a Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) type superfluid of loosely bound and large Cooper pairs to Bose-Einstein condensation (BEC) of tightly bound molecules. Such a crossover superfluid has been realized in ultracold atomic gases where high temperature superfluidity has been observed. The microscopic properties of the fermion pairs can be probed with radio-frequency (rf) spectroscopy. Previous work was difficult to interpret due to strong and not well understood final state interactions. Here we realize a new superfluid spin mixture where such interactions have negligible influence and present fermion-pair dissociation spectra that reveal the underlying pairing correlations. This allows us to determine the spectroscopic pair size in the resonantly interacting gas to be 2.6(2)/kF (kF is the Fermi wave number). The pairs are therefore smaller than the interparticle spacing and the smallest pairs observed in fermionic superfluids. This finding highlights the importance of small fermion pairs for superfluidity at high critical temperatures. We have also identified transitions from fermion pairs into bound molecular states and into many-body bound states in the case of strong final state interactions.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures; Figures updated; New Figures added; Updated discussion of fit functions
Astroparticle Physics with High Energy Neutrinos: from AMANDA to IceCube
Creators: name: Halzen, Francis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Kilometer-scale neutrino detectors such as IceCube are discovery instruments covering nuclear and particle physics, cosmology and astronomy. Examples of their multidisciplinary missions include the search for the particle nature of dark matter and for additional small dimensions of space. In the end, their conceptual design is very much anchored to the observational fact that Nature produces protons and photons with energies in excess of $10^{20}$\,eV and $10^{13}$\,eV, respectively. The puzzle of where and how Nature accelerates the highest energy cosmic particles is unresolved almost a century after their discovery. The cosmic ray connection sets the scale of cosmic neutrino fluxes. In this context, we discuss the first results of the completed AMANDA detector and the science reach of its extension, IceCube. Similar experiments are under construction in the Mediterranean. Neutrino astronomy is also expanding in new directions with efforts to detect air showers, acoustic and radio signals initiated by super-EeV neutrinos. The outline of this review is as follows: Introduction Why Kilometer-Scale Detectors? Cosmic Neutrinos Associated with the Highest Energy Cosmic Rays High Energy Neutrino Telescopes: Methodologies of Neutrino Detection High Energy Neutrino Telescopes: Status
description: 37 pages, 16 postsript figures, review article submited to EPJC
title: Effects of trophic relationships on small pelagic populations in the Bay of Biscay
Creators: name: Andonegi, Eider
name: Chifflet, Marina
name: Quincoces, Iñaki
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Trophic relationships between European anchovy and sardine have been hardly studied during the last years in the Bay of Biscay. Four different evaluations of these small pelagic species have been compared in order to check the effects of both competition and predation processes on the management strategies of these two relevant stocks.
Toward a phenomenological approach to the clustering of heavy particles in turbulent flows
Creators: name: Bec, Jeremie
name: Chetrite, Raphael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A simple model accounting for the ejection of heavy particles from the vortical structures of a turbulent flow is introduced. This model involves a space and time discretization of the dynamics and depends on only two parameters: the fraction of space-time occupied by rotating structures of the carrier flow and the rate at which particles are ejected from them. The latter can be heuristically related to the response time of the particles and hence measure their inertia. It is shown that such a model reproduces qualitatively most aspects of the spatial distribution of heavy particles transported by realistic flows. In particular the probability density function of the mass $m$ in a cell displays an power-law behavior at small values and decreases faster than exponentially at large values. The dependence of the exponent of the first tail upon the parameters of the dynamics is explicitly derived for the model. The right tail is shown to decrease as $\exp (-C m \log m)$. Finally, the distribution of mass averaged over several cells is shown to obey rescaling properties as a function of the coarse-grain size and of the ejection rate of the particles. Contrarily to what has been observed in direct numerical simulations of turbulent flows (Bec et al., http://arxiv.org/nlin.CD/0608045), such rescaling properties are only due in the model to the mass dynamics of the particles and do not involve any scaling properties in the spatial structure of the carrier flow.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures
title: Spatial connectivity and predator spillover synchronize food-web changes in the Baltic Sea: the importance of landscape ecology in fisheries management
Creators: name: Casini, Michele
name: Blenckner, Thorsten
name: Möllmann, Christian
name: Gårdmark, Anna
name: Lindegren, Martin
name: Llope, Marcos
name: Kornilovs, Georgs
name: Plikshs, Maris
name: Stenseth, Nils-Christian
Publisher: name: ASC 2013 - Theme session E
Year: 2024
Subjects: Fisheries and aquaculture
Ecosystem observation, processes and dynamics

description: No abstracts are to be cited without prior reference to the author. Resolving ecological connectivity, spatio-temporal linkages among habitats and the interactions between regional and local processes is fundamental in community ecology and the management of exploited resources