cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Nonuniform Coercions via Unification Hints
Creators: name: Coen, Claudio Sacerdoti
name: Tassi, Enrico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We introduce the notion of nonuniform coercion, which is the promotion of a value of one type to an enriched value of a different type via a nonuniform procedure. Nonuniform coercions are a generalization of the (uniform) coercions known in the literature and they arise naturally when formalizing mathematics in an higher order interactive theorem prover using convenient devices like canonical structures, type classes or unification hints. We also show how nonuniform coercions can be naturally implemented at the user level in an interactive theorem prover that allows unification hints.
description: In Proceedings TYPES 2009, arXiv:1103.3111
One-loop radiative corrections to photon-pair production in polarized positron-electron annihilation
Creators: name: Bondarenko, S.
name: Dydyshka, Ya.
name: Kalinovskaya, L.
name: Kampf, A.
name: Rumyantsev, L.
name: Sadykov, R.
name: Yermolchyk, V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A theoretical description of photon-pair production in polarized positron-electron annihilation is presented. Complete one-loop electroweak radiative corrections are calculated taking into account the exact dependence on the electron mass. Analytical results are derived with the help of the SANC~system. The relevant contributions to the cross section are calculated analytically using the helicity amplitude approach. The cases of unpolarized and longitudinally polarized fermions in the initial state are investigated. Calculations are realized in the Monte Carlo integrator MCSANCee and generator ReneSANCe which allow one the implementation of any experimental cuts used in the analysis of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data of both low and high energies.
description: 17 pages, 6 tables, 3 figures
Effect of orbital symmetry of the tip on Scanning Tunneling Spectra of Bi$_2$Sr$_2$CaCu$_2$O$_{8+δ}$
Creators: name: Suominen, Ilpo
name: Nieminen, Jouko
name: Markiewicz, R. S.
name: Bansil, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss how variations in the scanning tunneling microscope (STM) tip, whether unintentional or intentional, can lead to changes in topographic images and dI/dV spectra. We consider the possibility of utilizing functionalized tips in order to improve the sensitivity of STM experiments to local irregularities at the surface or hidden below the surface layers. The change in the tip symmetry can radically alter the contrast of the topographic image due to changes in tip-surface overlap. The dI/dV curves change their shape according to which sample bands the tip orbital tends to overlap. In addition, relative phases between competing tunneling channels can be inverted by changing the tip symmetry, which could help reveal the origin of a local irregularity in tunneling spectrum.
description: Accepted to Phys. Rev. B
Phases of Wilson Lines in Conformal Field Theories
Creators: name: Aharony, Ofer
name: Cuomo, Gabriel
name: Komargodski, Zohar
name: Mezei, Márk
name: Raviv-Moshe, Avia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the low-energy limit of Wilson lines (charged impurities) in conformal gauge theories in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions. As a function of the representation of the Wilson line, certain defect operators can become marginal, leading to interesting renormalization group flows and for sufficiently large representations to complete or partial screening by charged fields. This result is universal: in large enough representations, Wilson lines are screened by the charged matter fields. We observe that the onset of the screening instability is associated with fixed-point mergers. We study this phenomenon in a variety of applications. In some cases, the screening of the Wilson lines takes place by dimensional transmutation and the generation of an exponentially large scale. We identify the space of infrared conformal Wilson lines in weakly coupled gauge theories in 3+1 dimensions and determine the screening cloud due to bosons or fermions. We also study QED in 2+1 dimensions in the large $N_f$ limit and identify the nontrivial conformal Wilson lines. We briefly discuss 't Hooft lines in 3+1-dimensional gauge theories and find that they are screened in weakly coupled gauge theories with simply connected gauge groups. In non-Abelian gauge theories with S-duality, this together with our analysis of the Wilson lines gives a compelling picture for the screening of the line operators as a function of the coupling.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures, v2 references updated, v3 minor changes, journal version
Evolution in engineering dispositions and thinking among culturally diverse students in an undergraduate engineering programme
Creators: name: Campbell, Christopher David
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: This study investigated the evolution in engineering dispositions and thinking among culturally diverse students through their enculturating experiences in team-based engineering design courses in second year electrical and computer engineering. Ethnographic methods (participant observation, semi-structured interviews) were employed to collect data in classrooms, labs, and project rooms over a seven-month period. Five culturally diverse students’ trajectories illustrate the processes and products of the evolution of students’ engineering dispositions and thinking. Five key conditions for students in navigating a shift from traditional to team-based project modes of study were identified: i) being willing to buy into working as part of a team, ii) being willing and able to claim a viable role as an engineer, iii) grappling with competing identities in becoming an engineer, iv) navigating different perspectives on engineering projects, and v) being able to self and co-regulate while under a complex, heavy workload. Cultural, language, and personal factors mediated culturally diverse students’ capacities to satisfy these five conditions. The study offers the following implications for fostering the engineering dispositions and thinking of culturally diverse students: i) explicit and meaningful orientation of students towards team-based project modes of study; ii) fostering of metacognitive awareness and capacity with respect to teamwork processes; iii) harnessing cultural diversity for promoting intercultural skills; iv) focus on English language competencies for functioning in formal, informal, and non-formal academic contexts; v) formative and summative assessment to support this mode of study; vi) self-regulation and socially shared regulation skills for sustaining the success of individuals and teams. The study offers the following implications for employing the theoretical framework in future research: i) greater clarity on the evidence required to identify stages of change; ii) greater clarity on establishing the existence and nature of inner contradictions that drive change; iii) exploration of methodological opportunities and limitations on capturing change in students. This study offers an exemplar for researching evolution and change in students in complex educational contexts.
Nature of photoexcited states in ZnO-embedded graphene quantum dots
Creators: name: Shtepliuk, Ivan
name: Yakimova, Rositsa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The combination of wide-band gap semiconductors like zinc oxide (ZnO) and graphene quantum dots (GQDs) is a promising strategy to tune optoelectronic properties of GQDs and to develop new functionalities. Here we report on a theoretical design of not-yet-synthesized hybrid materials composed of ZnO clusters surrounded by carbon moieties, hereinafter referred to as ZnO-embedded graphene quantum dots. Their structure and light absorption properties are presented, with an in-depth analysis of the nature of the photoexcited states. The stability of the (ZnO)nC96-2n system with n=1, 3, 4, 7, 12 and 27 is investigated by estimating cohesive energy and performing vibrational mode analysis. A strong dependence of the structural and optoelectronic properties of the hybrid material on the amount of ZnO pairs is revealed and discussed. A strong light absorption and unexpected enhancement of Raman modes related to the vibrations in carbon moiety are observed for highly symmetric (ZnO)27C42 system that makes it an ideal study subject. Complementary excited state analysis, charge density difference (CDD) analysis and interfragment charge transfer analysis enabled reaching deep insights into the nature of the excited states. A dominating contribution of doubly degenerate locally excited states in broadband light absorption by (ZnO)27C42 is identified. The present results are helpful to elucidate the nature of the fundamental internal mechanisms underlying the light absorption in ZnO-embedded graphene quantum dots, thereby providing a scientific background for future experimental study of low-dimensional metal-oxygen-carbon materials family.
Identifying RR Lyrae Variables and Globular Clusters in the Milky Way and Simulating Supermassive Black Hole Early Evolution
Creators: name: Huang, Kuan Wei
Publisher: name: Carnegie Mellon University
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 20104 Galactic Astronomy
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This thesis presents four research projects about substructures of the Milky Way from large-sky surveys and supermassive black holes at high redshift in cosmological simulations. First, I reported the searching result for globular clusters (GCs) associated with 55 Milky Way dwarf galaxies using Gaia DR2. Eleven candidates were identified and all were either known GCs or galaxies, yet only the six Fornax GCs were associated with the dwarf. The completeness of the GC search was above 90% for most dwarf galaxies and the 90% credible intervals on the GC specific frequency SN were 12 < SN <  47 for Fornax, SN < 20 for the dwarfs with -12 < MV < -10, SN < 30 for the dwarfs with -10 < MV < -7, and SN < 90 for the dwarfs with MV N, I obtained that the probability of galaxies fainter than MV = -9 to host GCs was lower than 0.1.
Extension of the Poincaré Group and Non-Abelian Tensor Gauge Fields
Creators: name: Savvidy, George
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recently proposed generalization of the Yang-Mills theory the group of gauge transformation gets essentially enlarged. This enlargement involves an elegant mixture of the internal and space-time symmetries. The resulting group is an extension of the Poincaré group with infinitely many generators which carry internal and space-time indices. This is similar to the super-symmetric extension of the Poincaré group, where instead of an anti-commuting spinor variable one should introduce a new vector variable. The construction of irreducible representations of the extended Poincaré algebra identifies a vector variable with the derivative of the Pauli-Lubanski vector over its length. As a result of this identification the generators of the gauge group have nonzero components only in the plane transversal to the momentum and are projecting out non-Abelian tensor gauge fields into the transversal plane, keeping only their positively definite space-like components.
description: 21 pages
Physical properties of dense cores in Orion B9
Creators: name: Miettinen, Oskari
name: Harju, Jorma
name: Haikala, Lauri K.
name: Juvela, Mika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We aim to determine the physical and chemical properties of dense cores in Orion B9. We observed the NH3(1,1) and (2,2), and the N2H+(3-2) lines towards the submm peak positions. These data are used in conjunction with our LABOCA 870 micron dust continuum data. The gas kinetic temperature in the cores is between ~9.4-13.9 K. The non-thermal velocity dispersion is subsonic in most of the cores. The non-thermal linewidth in protostellar cores appears to increase with increasing bolometric luminosity. The core masses are very likely drawn from the same parent distribution as the core masses in Orion B North. Starless cores in the region are likely to be gravitationally bound, and thus prestellar. Some of the cores have a lower radial velocity than the systemic velocity of the region, suggesting that they are members of the "low-velocity part" of Orion B. The observed core-separation distances deviate from the corresponding random-like model distributions. The distances between the nearest-neighbours are comparable to the thermal Jeans length. The fractional abundances of NH3 and N2H+ in the cores are ~1.5-9.8x10^{-8} and ~0.2-5.9x10^{-10}, respectively. The NH3 abundance appears to decrease with increasing H2 column and number densities. The NH3/N2H+ column density ratio is larger in starless cores than in cores with embedded protostars. The core population in Orion B9 is comparable in physical properties to those in nearby low-mass star-forming regions. It is unclear if the origin of cores could be explained by turbulent fragmentation. On the other hand, many of the core properties conform with the picture of dynamic core evolution. The Orion B9 region has probably been influenced by the feedback from the nearby Ori OB 1b group, and the fragmentation of the parental cloud into cores could be caused by gravitational instability.
description: 17 pages, 11 figures, 7 tables. Accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysics. Version 2: minor language corrections added
Typed Operational Semantics for Dependent Record Types
Creators: name: Feng, Yangyue
name: Luo, Zhaohui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Typed operational semantics is a method developed by H. Goguen to prove meta-theoretic properties of type systems. This paper studies the metatheory of a type system with dependent record types, using the approach of typed operational semantics. In particular, the metatheoretical properties we have proved include strong normalisation, Church-Rosser and subject reduction.
description: In Proceedings TYPES 2009, arXiv:1103.3111
Photons are lying about where they have been, again
Creators: name: Reznik, Gregory
name: Versmold, Carlotta
name: Dziewior, Jan
name: Huber, Florian
name: Bagchi, Shrobona
name: Weinfurter, Harald
name: Dressel, Justin
name: Vaidman, Lev
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bhati and Arvind [Phys. Lett. A, 127955 (2022)] recently argued that in a specially designed experiment the timing of photon detection events demonstrates photon presence at a location at which they are not present according to the weak value approach. The alleged contradiction is resolved by a subtle interference effect resulting in anomalous sensitivity of the signal imprinted on the postselected photons for the interaction at this location, similarly to the case of a nested Mach-Zehnder interferometer with a Dove prism [Quant. Stud.: Mat. Found. 2, 255 (2015)]. We perform an in depth analysis of the characterization of the presence of a pre- and postselected particle at a particular location based on information imprinted on the particle itself. The theoretical results are tested by a computer simulation of the proposed experiment.
Ultracold RbSr molecules can be formed by magnetoassociation
Creators: name: Zuchowski, Piotr S.
name: Aldegunde, J.
name: Hutson, Jeremy M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the interactions between ultracold alkali metal atoms and closed-shell atoms using electronic structure calculations on the prototype system Rb+Sr. There are molecular bound states that can be tuned across atomic thresholds with magnetic field, and there are previously neglected terms in the collision Hamiltonian that can produce zero-energy Feshbach resonances with significant widths. The largest effect comes from the interaction-induced variation of the Rb hyperfine coupling. The resonances may be used to form paramagnetic polar molecules if the magnetic field can be controlled precisely enough.
description: 5 pages, 2 figures
The production of ionizing photons in UV-faint z~3-7 galaxies
Creators: name: Prieto-Lyon, Gonzalo
name: Strait, Victoria
name: Mason, Charlotte A.
name: Brammer, Gabriel
name: Caminha, Gabriel B.
name: Mercurio, Amata
name: Acebron, Ana
name: Bergamini, Pietro
name: Grillo, Claudio
name: Rosati, Piero
name: Vanzella, Eros
name: Castellano, Marco
name: Merlin, Emiliano
name: Paris, Diego
name: Boyett, Kristan
name: Calabrò, Antonello
name: Morishita, Takahiro
name: Mascia, Sara
name: Pentericci, Laura
name: Roberts-Borsani, Guido
name: Roy, Namrata
name: Treu, Tommaso
name: Vulcani, Benedetta
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The demographics of the production and escape of ionizing photons from UV-faint early galaxies is a key unknown in discovering the primary drivers of reionization. With the advent of JWST it is finally possible to observe the rest-frame optical nebular emission from individual sub-L$^*$ z>3 galaxies to measure the production of ionizing photons, $ξ_\mathrm{ion}$. Here we study a sample of 370 z~3-7 galaxies spanning -23 0.5) in our sample, based on their photometric properties, even amongst the Lyman-alpha selected galaxies. This work demonstrates that considering the full distribution of $ξ_\mathrm{ion}$ across galaxy properties is important for assessing the primary drivers of reionization.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures, submitted to A&A
Comparison of the Core-Collapse Evolution of Two Nearly Equal Mass Progenitors
Creators: name: Bruenn, Stephen W.
name: Sieverding, Andre
name: Lentz, Eric J.
name: Sukhbold, Tuguldur
name: Hix, W. Raphael
name: Huk, Leah N.
name: Harris, J. Austin
name: Messer, O. E. Bronson
name: Mezzacappa, Anthony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We compare the core-collapse evolution of a pair of 15.8 $M_\odot$ stars with significantly different internal structures, a consequence of bimodal variability exhibited by massive stars during their late evolutionary stages. The 15.78 and 15.79 $M_\odot $ progenitors have core masses of 1.47 and 1.78 $M_\odot$ and compactness parameters $ξ_{1.75}$ of 0.302 and 0.604. The core collapse simulations are carried out in 2D to nearly 3 s post-bounce and show substantial differences in the times of shock revival and explosion energies. The 15.78 $M_\odot$ model explodes promptly at 120 ms post-bounce when a strong density decrement at the Si--Si/O shell interface encounters the stalled shock. The 15.79 $M_\odot$ model, which lacks the density decrement, takes 100 ms longer to explode but ultimately produces a more powerful explosion. Larger mass accretion rate of the 15.79 $M_\odot$ model during the first 0.8 s post-bounce results in larger $ν_{e}$/$\bar ν_{e}$ luminosities and rms energies. The $ν_{e}$/$\bar ν_{e}$ luminosities and rms energies arising from the inner core are also larger in the 15.79 $M_\odot$ model throughout due to the larger negative temperature gradient of this core due to greater adiabatic compression. Larger luminosities and rms energies in the 15.79 $M_\odot$ model and a flatter and higher density heating region, result in more energy deposition behind the shock and more ejected matter with higher enthalpy. We find the ejected $^{56}$Ni mass of the 15.79 $M_\odot$ model is more than double that of the 15.78 $M_\odot$ model. Most of the ejecta in both models is moderately proton-rich, though counterintuitively the highest electron fraction ($Y_e=0.61$) ejecta in either model is in the less energetic 15.78 $M_\odot$ model while the lowest electron fraction ($Y_e=0.45$) ejecta in either model is in the 15.79 $M_\odot$ model.
description: 24 pages; Accepted for publication in ApJ
A localization of the L{é}vy operators arising in mathematical finances
Creators: name: Arisawa, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The comparison principle and the existence of the solution of the integro-differential equation with L{é}vy operators, in the framework of the viscosity solution, are shown in this paper. For the one dimensional case, a detailed estimate of the H{ö}lder continuity of solutions is presented, by localizing the singularity of the L{é}vy measure.
Macroderes pristinus Sharp 1880
Creators: name: Abdalla, Ishtiag H.
name: Deschodt, Christian M.
name: Scholtz, Clarke H.
name: Sole, Catherine L.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Coleoptera
Scarabaeidae
Macroderes
Macroderes pristinus

description: Macroderes pristinus Sharp, 1880
(Figs. 100–102)
Macroderes pristinus Sharp, 1880: 38; Péringuey 1901: 304; Janssen 1939: 29; Ferreira 1968: 322; Frolov & Scholtz 2005: 392.
Type locality. Diamonds fields, S[outh] Africa.
Type material examined. Holotype, ♀ (MNHN): “ Macroderes pristinus / Type / D [David]. S [Sharp] / Diamonds fields / S. a[A]frica [hand written]” // “EX. Musaeo / D [David]. Sharp 1890 [printed]” // “MUSEUM PARIS / 1952 / COLL / R. OBERTHUR [printed]” // “ HOLOTYPE [red label, printed] // HOLOTYPE / Macroderes pristinus Sharp 1880 [printed]".
Differential diagnosis. This species is similar to M. bias females through the combination of the following characters: punctate lateral borders of pronotum, elytra stria 9 contiguous to elytra stria 10, even punctuation of pronotum, anterolateral depressions of pronotum and the dense punctate and shagreened elytra, however, M. pristinus can be distinguished from M. bias by having a more punctuated, flatter elytra striae.
Remarks. We agree with Frolov & Scholtz (2005) in that this species is very close to females of M. bias and probably the same species. We compared the holotype of M. pristinus with females of M. bias and insignificant differences are noted between the two species. The most significant difference is that the elytral striae in M. pristinus are much flatter and densely punctuated than those of M. bias. The examined material show many common characteristics summarized as follows: the punctate lateral borders of pronotum, elytra stria 9 very close to elytra stria 10, regular rounded punctures of pronotum, the excavation of pronotum antero-laterally and the shagreened elytra with dense punctuation.
Although the validity of the species is questioned, it is not possible to transfer it to M. bias as the species has been described from a single female specimen and collected from a different site opposite to M. bias range of distribution. Additional male and female specimens from the type locality may provide more evidence of the taxonomic status of the species.
description: Published as part of Abdalla, Ishtiag H., Deschodt, Christian M., Scholtz, Clarke H. & Sole, Catherine L., 2018, An update to the taxonomy of the genus Macroderes Westwood 1842 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Scarabaeinae) with descriptions of new species from South Africa, pp. 41-75 in Zootaxa 4504 (1) on pages 70-72, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4504.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/2606164
Stateless HOL
Creators: name: Wiedijk, Freek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a version of the HOL Light system that supports undoing definitions in such a way that this does not compromise the soundness of the logic. In our system the code that keeps track of the constants that have been defined thus far has been moved out of the kernel. This means that the kernel now is purely functional. The changes to the system are small. All existing HOL Light developments can be run by the stateless system with only minor changes. The basic principle behind the system is not to name constants by strings, but by pairs consisting of a string and a definition. This means that the data structures for the terms are all merged into one big graph. OCaml - the implementation language of the system - can use pointer equality to establish equality of data structures fast. This allows the system to run at acceptable speeds. Our system runs at about 85% of the speed of the stateful version of HOL Light.
description: In Proceedings TYPES 2009, arXiv:1103.3111
The dynamical evolution of very-low mass binaries in open clusters
Creators: name: Parker, Richard J.
name: Goodwin, Simon P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Very low-mass binaries (VLMBs), with system masses <0.2 Msun appear to have very different properties to stellar binaries. This has led to the suggestion that VLMBs form a distinct and different population. As most stars are born in clusters, dynamical evolution can significantly alter any initial binary population, preferentially destroying wide binaries. In this paper we examine the dynamical evolution of initially different VLMB distributions in clusters to investigate how different the initial and final distributions can be. We find that the majority of the observed VLMB systems, which have separations <20 au, cannot be destroyed in even the densest clusters. Therefore, the distribution of VLMBs with separations <20 au now must have been the birth population (although we note that the observations of this population may be very incomplete). Most VLMBs with separations >100 au can be destroyed in high-density clusters, but are mainly unaffected in low-density clusters. Therefore, the initial VLMB population must contain many more binaries with these separations than now, or such systems must be made by capture during cluster dissolution. M-dwarf binaries are processed in the same way as VLMBs and so the difference in the current field populations either points to fundamentally different birth populations, or significant observational incompleteness in one or both samples.
description: 11 pages, 10 figues, accepted for publication in MNRAS
The Art of Data Science
Creators: name: Graham, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: To flourish in the new data-intensive environment of 21st century science, we need to evolve new skills. These can be expressed in terms of the systemized framework that formed the basis of mediaeval education - the trivium (logic, grammar, and rhetoric) and quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, music, and astronomy). However, rather than focusing on number, data is the new keystone. We need to understand what rules it obeys, how it is symbolized and communicated and what its relationship to physical space and time is. In this paper, we will review this understanding in terms of the technologies and processes that it requires. We contend that, at least, an appreciation of all these aspects is crucial to enable us to extract scientific information and knowledge from the data sets which threaten to engulf and overwhelm us.
description: 12 pages, invited talk at Astrostatistics and Data Mining in Large Astronomical Databases workshop, La Palma, Spain, 30 May - 3 June 2011, to appear in Springer Series on Astrostatistics
Step-by-step analitical solutions of the Lane-Emden equation with politropic index 0, 1 and 5 using SymPy
Creators: name: Mendizábal, Ricardo Angelo Quispe
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: SymPy
Lane-Emden
Stellar structure

description: Abstract: In the study of the stellar structures, some models arises to explain their interior dynamics and surface consequences (measurable in the laboratory), the Lane-Emden equation provides us with a detailed explanation of the astrophysical properties of these stars based on newtonian self-gravitating, spherically symmetric and polytropic fluid. We present a revisited step by step solution for the well known cases for politropic index n=0 and n=1, and all real solutions for n=5 in terms of Jacobian and Weierstrass elliptic functions. All the calculus are performed using Sympy.
description: A poster presentation for XIX Meeting of Physics in Peru. Video and more presentations are in:this link: https://indico.uni.edu.pe/event/85/contributions/337/
description: {"references": ["S. Chandrasekhar. An Introduction to the Study of Stellar Structure. Dover Publications, 201", "Aaron Meurer, Christopher P. Smith, Mateusz Paprocki, Ond\u02c7rej Cert\u00edk, Sergey B. Kirpichev, Matthew \u02c7 Rocklin, AMiT Kumar, Sergiu Ivanov, Jason K. Moore, Sartaj Singh, Thilina Rathnayake, Sean Vig, Brian E. Granger, Richard P. Muller, Francesco Bonazzi, Harsh Gupta, Shivam Vats, Fredrik Johansson, Fabian Pedregosa, Matthew J. Curry, Andy R. Terrel, \u0160t\u02c7ep\u00e1n Rou\u02c7cka, Ashutosh Saboo, Isuru Fernando, Sumith Kulal, Robert Cimrman, and Anthony Scopatz. Sympy: symbolic computing in python. PeerJ Computer Science, 3:e103, January 201", "Patryk Mach. All solutions of the n = 5 laneemden equation. Journal of Mathematical Physics, 53(6):062503, Jun 2012."]}
The Impact of US Medical Product Regulatory Complexity on Innovation: Preliminary Evidence of Interdependence, Early Acceleration, and Subsequent Inversion
Creators: name: Daizadeh, Iraj
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: Is the complexity of medical product (medicines and medical devices) regulation impacting innovation in the US? If so, how? Here, this question is investigated as follows: Various novel proxy metrics of regulation (FDA-issued guidelines) and innovation (corresponding FDA-registrations) from 1976-2020 are used to determine interdependence, a concept relying on strong correlation and reciprocal causality (estimated via variable lag transfer entropy and wavelet coherence). Based on this interdependence, a mapping of regulation onto innovation is conducted and finds that regulation seems to accelerate then supports innovation until on or around 2015; at which time, an inverted U-curve emerged. If empirically evidentiary, an important innovation-regulation nexus in the US has been reached; and, as such, stakeholders should (re)consider the complexity of the regulatory landscape to enhance US medical product innovation. Study limitations, extensions, and further thoughts complete this investigation.
description: 53 pages (from Title Page to References), 6 Tables, 9 Figures. Pharm Res (2023)
Entanglement, EPR steering, and Bell-nonlocality criteria for multipartite higher-spin systems
Creators: name: He, Q. Y.
name: Drummond, P. D.
name: Reid, M. D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop criteria to detect three classes of nonlocality that have been shown by Wiseman et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 140402 (2007)] to be nonequivalent: entanglement, EPR steering, and the failure of local hidden-variable theories. We use the approach of Cavalcanti et al. [Phys. Rev. Lett. 99, 210405 (2007)] for continuous variables to develop the nonlocality criteria for arbitrary spin observables defined on a discrete Hilbert space. The criteria thus apply to multisite qudits, i.e., systems of fixed dimension d, and take the form of inequalities. We find that the spin moment inequalities that test local hidden variables (Bell inequalities) can be violated for arbitrary d by optimized highly correlated nonmaximally entangled states provided the number of sites N is high enough. On the other hand, the spin inequalities for entanglement are violated and thus detect entanglement for such states, for arbitrary d and N, and with a violation that increases with N.We show that one of the moment entanglement inequalities can detect the entanglement of an arbitrary generalized multipartite Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state. Because they involve the natural observables for atomic systems, the relevant spin-operator correlations should be readily observable in trapped ultracold atomic gases and ion traps.
Nuclear Activity in the Low Metallicity Dwarf Galaxy SDSS J0944-0038: A Glimpse into the Primordial Universe
Creators: name: Reefe, Michael
name: Satyapal, Shobita
name: Sexton, Remington O.
name: Secrest, Nathan J.
name: Matzko, William
name: Schwartzman, Emma
name: Nyland, Kristina
name: Canalizo, Gabriela
name: Rothberg, Barry
name: Pfeifle, Ryan W.
name: Cann, Jenna M.
name: Aravindan, Archana
name: Vazquez, Camilo
name: Clarke, Tracy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Local low metallicity dwarf galaxies are relics of the early universe and hold clues into the origins of supermassive black holes (SMBHs). In recent work, coronal lines have been used to unveil a population of candidate accreting black holes in dwarf galaxies with gas phase metallicities and stellar masses well below the host galaxies of any previously known AGNs. Using MUSE/VLT observations, we report the detection of [Fe X] $λ$6374 coronal line emission and a broad H$α$ line in the nucleus of SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1, a nearby ($z=0.0049$) metal poor dwarf galaxy almost 500 times less massive than the LMC. The [Fe X] $λ$6374 emission is compact and centered on the brightest nuclear source, with a spatial extent of $\approx$100 pc. The [Fe X] luminosity is $\approx 10^{37}$ erg s$^{-1}$, within the range seen in previously identified AGNs in the dwarf galaxy population. This line has never been observed in gas ionized by hot stars. While it can be produced in supernova ejecta, the [Fe X] flux from SDSS J094401.87$-$003832.1 has persisted over the ~19 year time period between the SDSS and MUSE observations, ruling out supernovae as the origin for the emission. The black hole mass measured from the broad H$α$ FWHM and luminosity is $\approx 3150$ M$_\odot$, in line with its stellar mass if virial mass relations and black hole-galaxy scaling relations apply in this mass regime. These observations, together with previously reported multi-wavelength observations, can most plausibly be explained by the presence of an accreting intermediate mass black hole in a primordial galaxy analog. However, we cannot rule out the possibility that current stellar population models of metal poor stars significantly under-predict the stellar ionizing photon flux, and that metal poor stars can produce an extreme ionizing spectrum similar to that produced by AGNs.
description: 13 pages, 6 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJL
Small body orbital dynamics in the Solar System : celestial mechanics and impacts
Creators: name: Greenstreet, Sarah
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2015

description: Studying the orbital dynamics of small body populations in the Solar System allows us to understand both their current population and past orbital structure. Planet-crossing populations can also provide impact speeds and probabilities, and when coupled to cratering histories of solid bodies can provide planetary surface ages. The Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer Near-Earth Object (NEOWISE) detections of the near-Earth object (NEO) orbital distributions (Mainzer et al. 2012) are used to illustrate that a pure-gravity NEO orbital model (Greenstreet et al. 2012) is not rejectable (at >99% confidence). Thus, no non-gravitational physics is required to model the NEO orbital distribution. We discovered in the NEO model numerical integrations the unexpected production of retrograde orbits from main asteroid belt sources, estimating that ~0.1% of the steady-state NEO population is on retrograde orbits. These retrograde near-Earth asteroids (NEAs) may answer two outstanding questions in the literature: the origin of two known MPC NEOs with asteroidal designations on retrograde orbits and the origin of high-strength, high-velocity meteoroids on retrograde orbits. Moving to the outer Solar System, we constructed a Centaur (a_Jupiter < a < a_Neptune) model, supplied from the transneptunian region, to estimate temporary co-orbital capture frequency and duration with the giant planets, finding that at any time 0.4% and 2.8% of the population will be Uranian and Neptunian co-orbitals, respectively. This is in agreement with the known fraction of temporary Uranian and Neptunian co-orbitals, respectively. Thus, the scattering transneptunian population provides a self-consistent external source for the unstable giant-planet co-orbitals. In addition to studying the orbital dynamics of small body populations in the Solar System, impact and cratering rates onto planetary surfaces can be determined. The upcoming New Horizons spacecraft fly-through of the Pluto system in July 2015 will provide humanity's first data for the crater populations on Pluto and its moons. In principle, absolute ages for these surfaces could be determined using the observed surface crater density. However, due to the uncertainty in how the Kuiper belt size distribution extends to small (d<100 km) projectiles, absolute ages are entirely model-dependent and thus fraught with uncertainty.
Prediction of a Structural Transition in the Hard Disk Fluid
Creators: name: Piasecki, Jaroslaw
name: Szymczak, Piotr
name: Kozak, John J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Starting from the second equilibrium equation in the BBGKY hierarchy under the Kirkwood superposition closure, we implement a new method for studying the asymptotic decay of correlations in the hard disk fluid in the high density regime. From our analysis and complementary numerical studies, we find that exponentially damped oscillations can occur only up to a packing fraction η*~0.718, a value which is in substantial agreement with the packing fraction, η~0.723, believed to characterize the transition from the ordered solid phase to a dense fluid phase, as inferred from Mak's Monte Carlo simulations [Phys. Rev. E 73, 065104 (2006)]. We next show that the same method of analysis predicts that exponential damping of oscillations in the hard sphere fluid becomes impossible when λ= 4nπσ^3 [1 + H(1)]>/- 34.81, where H(1) is the contact value of the correlation function, n is the number density and σ is the sphere diameter, in exact agreement with the condition, λ>/- 34.8, first reported in a numerical study of the Kirkwood equation by Kirkwood et al. [J. Chem. Phys. 18, 1040 (1950)]. Finally, we show that our method confirms the absence of any structural transition in hard rods for the entire range of densities below close packing.
description: to be published in J. Chem. Phys
Identification and characterization of novel recurrent mutations in primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma.
Creators: name: Gunawardana, Jithendra
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2016

description: Classical Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and primary mediastinal large B cell lymphoma (PMBCL) are related lymphomas sharing pathological, molecular and clinical characteristics. Here we discovered by next-generation sequencing recurrent somatic coding-sequence mutations in the protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN1 and the cytokine receptor IL4R. Mutations in PTPN1 were found in 6 of 30 (20%) HL cases, in 6 of 9 (67%) HL–derived cell lines, in 17 of 77 (22%) PMBCL cases and in 1 of 3 (33%) PMBCL-derived cell lines, consisting of nonsense, missense and frameshift mutations. We demonstrate that PTPN1 mutations lead to reduced phosphatase activity and increased phosphorylation of JAK-STAT pathway members. Moreover, silencing of PTPN1 by RNA interference in HL cell line KM-H2 resulted in hyperphosphorylation and overexpression of the downstream oncogenes BCL6 and MYC. Mutations in IL4R were found in 18 of 65 (28%) PMBCL cases confirming a ‘hotspot’ missense mutation I242N in exon 8 in 11 of 18 (61%) mutated cases. Ectopic expression of the mutant I242N in HEK 293 cells showed increased activated STAT6-dependent SEAP reporter gene expression without interleukin-4 stimulation. Introduction of the mutant into Hodgkin lymphoma cell line DEV showed cytokine-independent hyperphosphorylation of JAK-STAT pathway members and upregulation of the T cell regulatory chemokine TARC (CCL17) and the B cell activation marker CD23. Our data suggest loss-of-function PTPN1 and gain-of-function IL4R mutations leading to oncogenic JAK-STAT activation as new driver alterations in lymphomagenesis with implications for future treatment strategies.
Цифровая трансформация и вопросы модернизации российского предпринимательского права
Creators: name: Соловяненко Н. И.
name: Нетесова М. С.
Publisher: name: Colloquium-journal
Year: 2019
Subjects: цифровая трансформация
модернизация
предпринимательское право
инновационное предпринимательство
малое и среднее предпринимательство
социальное предпринимательств
информационно-коммуникационные системы
юридические действия
технологические платформы
стандартизация.
digital transformation
modernization
business law
innovative entrepreneurship
small and me- dium enterprises
social entrepreneurship
information and communication systems
legal actions
technological platforms
standardization.

description: Цифровая трансформация российской экономики и социальной сферы способствует модернизации предпринимательского права в сторону инновационного предпринимательства на основе информационно-коммуникационных систем. Цифровая трансформация воздействует на юридическую модель малого и среднего предпринимательства, в том числе социального предпринимательства. Правовые понятия и категории, свойственные правовому регулированию сферы информационных технологий, широко применяются в целях регулирования бизнеса. Повышается юридическая значимость документов по стандартизации.
description: Digital transformation of the Russian economy and social sphere contributes to the modernization of business law towards innovative entrepreneurship based on information and communication systems. Digital transformation affects the legal model of small and medium-sized businesses, including social entrepreneurship. Legal concepts and categories inherent in the legal regulation of information technology are widely used to regulate business. The legal significance of standardization documents is increasing.
Generalized quotients and holographic duals for 5d S-fold SCFTs
Creators: name: Apruzzi, Fabio
name: Bergman, Oren
name: Kim, Hee-Cheol
name: Uhlemann, Christoph F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: $\mathbb{Z}_n$ S-folds of 5d SCFTs, including $T_N$, which lead to brane webs with $E_{6,7,8}$ 7-branes were discussed recently. We generalize the construction to `fractional quotients', which are based on $\mathbb{Z}_n$ actions linking multiple copies of the seed theory and lead to $H_{0,1,2}$ 7-branes. We provide the holographic duals for both classes. This expands the space of explicitly known Type IIB $\rm AdS_6$ solutions by incorporating F-theory 7-branes of type $E_{6,7,8}$ and $H_{0,1,2}$, extending previous constructions for O7-planes. We discuss observables including the free energies and link the results to matrix model descriptions.
description: 27 pages, 16 figures
Collective versus Single--Particle Motion in Quantum Many--Body Systems: Spreading and its Semiclassical Interpretation
Creators: name: Hammerling, Jens
name: Gutkin, Boris
name: Guhr, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the interplay between collective and incoherent single-particle motion in a model of two chains of particles whose interaction comprises a non-integrable part. In the perturbative regime, but for a general form of the interaction, we calculate the spectral density for collective excitations. We obtain the remarkable result that it always has a unique semiclassical interpretation. We show this by a proper renormalization procedure which allows us to map our system to a Caldeira-Leggett--type of model in which the bath is part of the system.
description: 4 pages
COVMOS: a new Monte Carlo approach for galaxy clustering analysis
Creators: name: Baratta, Philippe
name: Bel, Julien
name: Beauchamps, Sylvain Gouyou
name: Carbone, Carmelita
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We validate the COVMOS method introduced in Baratta et al. (2019) allowing for the fast simulation of catalogues of different cosmological field tracers (e.g. dark matter particles, halos, galaxies, etc.). The power spectrum and one-point probability distribution function of the underlying tracer density field are set as inputs of the method and are arbitrarily chosen by the user. In order to evaluate the validity domain of COVMOS at the level of the produced two-point statistics covariance matrix, we choose to target these two input statistical quantities from realistic $N$-body simulation outputs. In particular, we perform this cloning procedure in a $Λ$CDM and in a massive neutrino cosmologies, for five redshifts in the range $z\in[0,2]$. First, we validate the output real-space two-point statistics (both in configuration and Fourier space) estimated over $5,000$ COVMOS realisations per redshift and per cosmology, with a volume of $1\ [\mathrm{Gpc}/h]^3$ and $10^8$ particles each. Such a validation is performed against the corresponding $N$-body measurements, estimated from 50 simulations. We find the method to be valid up to $k\sim 0.2h/$Mpc for the power spectrum and down to $r~\sim 20$ Mpc$/h$ for the correlation function. Then, we extend the method by proposing a new modelling of the peculiar velocity distribution, aiming at reproducing the redshift-space distortions both in the linear and mildly non-linear regimes. After validating this prescription, we finally compare and validate the produced redshift-space two-point statistics covariance matrices in the same range of scales. We release on a public repository the Python code associated with this method, allowing the production of tens of thousands of realisations in record time. COVMOS is intended for any user involved in large galaxy-survey science requiring a large number of mock realisations.