cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On the Complexity of the Quantified Bit-Vector Arithmetic with Binary Encoding
Creators: name: Jonáš, Martin
name: Strejček, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Logic in Computer Science (cs.LO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We study the precise computational complexity of deciding satisfiability of first-order quantified formulas over the theory of fixed-size bit-vectors with binary-encoded bit-widths and constants. This problem is known to be in EXPSPACE and to be NEXPTIME-hard. We show that this problem is complete for the complexity class AEXP(poly) -- the class of problems decidable by an alternating Turing machine using exponential time, but only a polynomial number of alternations between existential and universal states.
Magnetic ground states in kagome YCu$_3$(OH)$_6$[(Cl$_x$Br$_{1-x}$)$_{3-y}$(OH)$_{y}$]
Creators: name: Xu, Aini
name: Shen, Qinxin
name: Liu, Bo
name: Zeng, Zhenyuan
name: Han, Lankun
name: Yan, Liqin
name: Luo, Jun
name: Yang, Jie
name: Zhou, Rui
name: Li, Shiliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum spin liquids represent exotic states of spin systems characterized by long-range entanglement and emergent fractionalized quasiparticles. It is generally believed that disorder is hostile to quantum spin liquids. In our study, we investigated the magnetic properties of a kagome system, YCu$_3$(OH)$_6$[(Cl$_x$Br$_{1-x}$)$_{3-y}$(OH)$_{y}$]. Within this system, some of the hexagons exhibit alternate bonds along the Cu-O-Cu exchange paths, while others remain uniform. We found that a long-range antiferromagnetic order emerges when uniform hexagons dominate. Conversely, a possible quantum-spin-liquid state arises when the number of alternate-bond hexagons exceeds about 2/3. Therefore, the alternate-bond hexagons, typically considered as disorders, actually serve as the building blocks of the quantum spin liquid in this system. Notably, the low-temperature properties of the quantum spin liquid are directly associated with the height of the out-of-plane yttrium ions, which may be linked to changes in superexchange energies. Our results suggest that understanding the magnetic ground states in this system lies beyond the theoretical framework of the Heisenberg model constructed on the kagome lattice.
description: 11 pages, 10 figures
The Khinchin-Kahane and Levy inequalities for abelian metric groups, and transfer from normed (abelian semi)groups to Banach spaces
Creators: name: Khare, Apoorva
name: Rajaratnam, Bala
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60E15 (primary), 60B15, 46B09 (secondary)

description: The Khinchin-Kahane inequality is a fundamental result in the probability literature, with the most general version to date holding in Banach spaces. Motivated by modern settings and applications, we generalize this inequality to arbitrary metric groups which are abelian. If instead of abelian one assumes the group's metric to be a norm (i.e., $\mathbb{Z}_{>0}$-homogeneous), then we explain how the inequality improves to the same one as in Banach spaces. This occurs via a "transfer principle" that helps carry over questions involving normed metric groups and abelian normed semigroups into the Banach space framework. This principle also extends the notion of the expectation to random variables with values in arbitrary abelian normed metric semigroups $\mathscr{G}$. We provide additional applications, including studying weakly $\ell_p$ $\mathscr{G}$-valued sequences and related Rademacher series. On a related note, we also formulate a "general" Levy inequality, with two features: (i) It subsumes several known variants in the Banach space literature; and (ii) We show the inequality in the minimal framework required to state it: abelian metric groups.
description: 15 pages, Introduction section shares motivating examples with arXiv:1506.02605. Significant revisions to the exposition. Final version, to appear in Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications
Dynamical Transition due to Feedback-induced Skin Effect
Creators: name: Liu, Ze-Chuan
name: Li, Kai
name: Xu, Yong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The traditional dynamical phase transition refers to the appearance of singularities in an observable with respect to a control parameter for a late-time state or singularities in the rate function of the Loschmidt echo with respect to time. Here, we study the many-body dynamics in a continuously monitored free fermion system with conditional feedback under open boundary conditions. We surprisingly find a novel dynamical transition from a logarithmic scaling of the entanglement entropy to an area-law scaling as time evolves. The transition, which is noticeably different from the conventional dynamical phase transition, arises from the competition between the bulk dynamics and boundary skin effects. In addition, we find that while quasidisorder or disorder cannot drive a transition for the steady state, a transition occurs for the maximum entanglement entropy during the time evolution, which agrees well with the entanglement transition for the steady state of the dynamics under periodic boundary conditions.
description: 16 pages (including supplemental materials), 13 figures
A hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for the Navier--Stokes equations with pointwise divergence-free velocity field
Creators: name: Rhebergen, Sander
name: Wells, Garth N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: G.1.8
subject: 35Q30, 65N30, 76D05, 76M10,

description: We introduce a hybridizable discontinuous Galerkin method for the incompressible Navier--Stokes equations for which the approximate velocity field is pointwise divergence-free. The method builds on the method presented by Labeur and Wells [SIAM J. Sci. Comput., vol. 34 (2012), pp. A889--A913]. We show that with modifications of the function spaces in the method of Labeur and Wells it is possible to formulate a simple method with pointwise divergence-free velocity fields which is momentum conserving, energy stable, and pressure-robust. Theoretical results are supported by two- and three-dimensional numerical examples and for different orders of polynomial approximation.
Are crossing dependencies really scarce?
Creators: name: Ferrer-i-Cancho, Ramon
name: Gomez-Rodriguez, Carlos
name: Esteban, J. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The syntactic structure of a sentence can be modelled as a tree, where vertices correspond to words and edges indicate syntactic dependencies. It has been claimed recurrently that the number of edge crossings in real sentences is small. However, a baseline or null hypothesis has been lacking. Here we quantify the amount of crossings of real sentences and compare it to the predictions of a series of baselines. We conclude that crossings are really scarce in real sentences. Their scarcity is unexpected by the hubiness of the trees. Indeed, real sentences are close to linear trees, where the potential number of crossings is maximized.
On profile reconstruction of Euler-Bernoulli beams by means of an energy based genetic algorithm
Creators: name: Greco, A.
name: Pluchino, A.
name: Caddemi, S.
name: Caliò, I.
name: Cannizzaro, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies the inverse problem related to the identification of the flexural stiffness of an Euler Bernoulli beam in order to reconstruct its profile starting from available response data. The proposed identification procedure makes use of energy measurements and is based on the application of a closed form solution for the static displacements of multi-stepped beams. This solution allows to easily calculate the energy related to beams modeled with arbitrary multi-step shapes subjected to a transversal roving force, and to compare it with the correspondent data obtained through direct measurements on real beams. The optimal solution which minimizes the difference between measured and calculated data is then sought by means of genetic algorithms. In the paper several different stepped beams are investigated showing that the proposed procedure allows in many cases to identify the exact beam profile. However it is shown that in some other cases different multi-step profiles may correspond to very similar static responses, and therefore to comparable minima in the optimization problem, thus complicating the profile identification problem.
description: 27 pages, 7 figures, 6 tables
Activation of BK channels prevents diabetes-induced osteopenia by regulating mitochondrial Ca2+ and SLC25A5/ANT2-PINK1-PRKN-mediated mitophagy
Creators: name: Jiang, Lan
name: He, Haidong
name: Tang, Yuyan
name: Li, Jiawei
name: Reilly, Svetlana
name: Xin, Hong
name: Li, Zhiping
name: Cai, Hui
name: Zhang, Xuemei
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Osteopenia and osteoporosis are among the most common metabolic bone diseases and represent major public health problems, with sufferers having an increased fracture risk. Diabetes is one of the most common diseases contributing to osteopenia and osteoporosis. However, the mechanisms underlying diabetes-induced osteopenia and osteoporosis remain unclear. Bone reconstruction, including bone formation and absorption, is a dynamic process. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (BK channels) regulate the function of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells, osteoblasts, and osteoclasts. Our previous studies revealed the relationship between BK channels and the function of osteoblasts via various pathways under physiological conditions. In this study, we reported a decrease in the expression of BK channels in mice with diabetes-induced osteopenia. BK deficiency enhanced mitochondrial Ca2+ and activated classical PINK1 (PTEN induced putative kinase 1)-PRKN/Parkin (parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase)-dependent mitophagy, whereas the upregulation of BK channels inhibited mitophagy in osteoblasts. Moreover, SLC25A5/ANT2 (solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, adenine nucleotide translocator), member 5), a critical inner mitochondrial membrane protein participating in PINK1-PRKN-dependent mitophagy, was also regulated by BK channels. Overall, these data identified a novel role of BK channels in regulating mitophagy in osteoblasts, which might be a potential target for diabetes-induced bone diseases. Abbreviations: AGE, advanced glycation end products; Baf A1, bafilomycin A1; BK channels, big-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels; BMSCs, bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells; BSA, bovine serum albumin; FBG, fasting blood glucose; IMM, inner mitochondrial membrane; ITPR1, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor 1; MAM, mitochondria-associated ER membrane; OMM, outer mitochondrial membrane; PINK1, PTEN induced putative kinase 1; PPID/CyP-D, peptidylprolyl isomerase D (cyclophilin D); PRKN/PARK2, parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase; ROS, reactive oxygen species; SLC25A5/ANT2, solute carrier family 25 (mitochondrial carrier, adenine nucleotide translocator), member 5; STZ, streptozotocin.
Computer-Assisted Proofs of Congruences for Multipartitions and Divisor Function Convolutions, based on Methods of Differential Algebra
Creators: name: Pascadi, Alexandru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper provides algebraic proofs for several types of congruences involving the multipartition function and self-convolutions of the divisor function. Our computations use methods of Differential Algebra in $\mathbb{Z}/q\mathbb{Z}$, implemented in a couple of MAPLE programs available as ancillary files on arXiv. The first results of the paper are Ramanujan-type congruences of the form $p^{*k}(qn+r) \equiv_q 0$ and $σ^{*k}(qn+r) \equiv_q 0$, where $p(n)$ and $σ(n)$ are the partition and divisor functions, $q > 3$ is prime, and $^{*k}$ denotes $k^{th}$-order self-convolution. We prove all the valid congruences of this form for $q \in \{5, 7, 11\}$, including the three Ramanujan congruences, and a nontrivial one for $q = 17$. All such multipartition congruences have already been settled in principle up to a numerical verification due to D. Eichhorn and K. Ono via modular forms, but our proofs are purely algebraic. On the other hand, the majority of the divisor function congruences are new results. We then proceed to search for more general congruences modulo small primes, concerning linear combinations of $σ^{*k}(pn+r)$ for different values of $k$, as well as weighted convolutions of $p(n)$ and $σ(n)$ with polynomial weights. The paper ends with a few corollaries and extensions for the divisor function congruences, including proofs for three conjectures of N. C. Bonciocat.
description: 25 pages, 1 figure, 2 tables; 6 ancillary files containing program code in MAPLE and C++
Coherent J/$ψ$ photoproduction in hadronic heavy-ion collisions
Creators: name: Zha, W.
name: Klein, S. R.
name: Ma, R.
name: Ruan, L.
name: Todoroki, T.
name: Tang, Z.
name: Xu, Z.
name: Yang, C.
name: Yang, Q.
name: Yang, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A significant excess of J/$ψ$ yield at very low transverse momentum ($p_T < 0.3$ GeV/c) was observed by the ALICE and STAR collaborations in peripheral A+A collisions, which points to evidence of coherent photoproduction of J/$ψ$ in violent hadronic interactions. Theoretically, the photoproduction of J$/ψ$ in hadronic collisions raises questions about how spectator and non-spectator nucleons participate in the coherent reaction. For the first time, we argue that the strong interactions in the overlapping region of incoming nuclei may disturb the coherent production, leaving room for different coupling assumptions. Furthermore, first considerations of the destructive interference between photoproduction on ions moving in opposite directions in hadronic heavy-ion collisions are included. This letter presents calculations of J$/ψ$ production from coherent photon-nucleus ($γ+ A \rightarrow \text{J}/ψ+ A$) interactions in hadronic A+A collisions at RHIC and LHC energies with both nucleus and spectator coupling hypotheses. The coherent J/$ψ$ yield as a function of centrality and differential distributions as a function of transverse momentum, azimuthal angle and rapidity in different centrality bins are shown and found to be significantly different for different coupling scenarios, calling for future experimental measurements.
Schrödinger evolution of a scalar field in Riemannian and pseudoRiemannian expanding metrics
Creators: name: Haba, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quantum field theory (QFT) of a scalar field in the Schrödinger picture in the functional formulation.
 We derive a formula for the evolution kernel in a flat expanding metric. We discuss a transition between Riemannian and pseudoRiemannian metrics (signature inversion). We express the real time Schrödinger evolution by the Brownian motion . We discuss the Feynman integral for a scalar field in a radiation background. We show that the unitary Schrödinger evolution for positive time can go over for negative time into a dissipative evolution described by diffusive paths.
description: 15 pages
Note on Greenberg conjecture
Creators: name: Jaulent, Jean-François
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We use logarithmic {\ell}-class groups to take a new view on Greenberg's conjecture about Iwasawa {\ell}-invariants of a totally real number field K. By the way we recall and complete some classical results. Under Leopoldt's conjecture, we prove that Greenberg's conjecture holds if and only if the logarithmic classes of K principalize in the cyclotomic Z{\ell}-extensions of K. As an illustration of our approach, in the special case where the prime {\ell} splits completely in K, we prove that the sufficient condition introduced by Gras just asserts the triviality of the logarithmic class group of K.Last, in the abelian case, we provide an explicit description of the circular class groups in connexion with the so-called weak conjecture.
description: in French
Flat and bent branes in Born-Infeld-like scalar field models
Creators: name: Andrade, I.
name: Marques, M. A.
name: Menezes, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we investigate the presence of thick branes modeled by a single scalar field with Born-Infeld-like dynamics. We consider the 4-dimensional metric being Minkowski, de Sitter or anti-de Sitter. We obtain the field equations and the conditions to get a first order formalism compatible with them. To illustrate our procedure, some specific models are presented. They support localized warp factor and have their properties controlled by the 4-dimensional cosmological constant. In particular, a hybrid brane may arise, with a thick or thin profile depending on the extra dimension being inside or outside a compact space.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures; to appear in EPJC
title: Anesthesia Provider Education on the Adherence to the Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting
Creators: name: Johnson, Christine
Publisher: name: Digital Commons@Becker, Barnes Jewish College Goldfarb School of Nursing
Year: 2023

description: Background and Review of Literature: The occurrence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) has been linked to unplanned admissions, longer post-anesthesia care recovery units (PACU) times, and decreased patient satisfaction. The Fourth Consensus Guidelines for the Management of PONV released new guidelines in 2020 outlining evidence-based practice to manage PONV. A literature review was conducted on a total of 10 studies. The findings support the methods these guidelines employ. Purpose: This quality improvement (QI) project aims to provide education for anesthesia providers on the fourth consensus guidelines and improve provider adherence. Methods: A six-minute educational video, post-education quiz, provider demographic questionnaire, the electronic medical record (EMR), and Apfel simplified risk score was used to gather information on the usefulness on education of these guidelines to improve adherence. Implementation Plan/Procedure: An educational video on guidelines one, two, and three was emailed to Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetists (CRNAs) in pod 1 with a post-education quiz and provider demographic form. A total of 10 CRNAs were selected with five EMR charts being reviewed per provider at four separate intervals (retrospective, 2-week, 4-week, 6-week). Apfel score, procedure type and length, anesthesia student presence, and medications administered were evaluated through the EMR. Findings: Out of the 10 CRNAs who agreed to take part in the study, only six completed the study. No statistically significant change in guideline compliance was found after providers received education on the guidelines when compared to compliance prior to education.
Three-photon electron spin resonances
Creators: name: Atwood, S. I.
name: Mkhitaryan, V. V.
name: Dhileepkumar, S.
name: Nuibe, C.
name: Hosseinzadeh, S.
name: Malissa, H.
name: Lupton, J. M.
name: Boehme, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the observation of a three-photon resonant transition of charge-carrier spins in an organic light-emitting diode using electrically detected magnetic resonance (EDMR) spectroscopy at room temperature. Under strong magnetic-resonant drive (drive field $B_1$ ~ static magnetic field $B_0$), a $B_0$-field swept EDMR line emerges when $B_0$ is approximately threefold the one-photon resonance field. Ratios of drive-induced shifts of this line to those of two- and one-photon shifts agree with analytical expressions derived from the Floquet Hamiltonian and confirm the nature of these three-photon transitions, enabling access of spin physics to a hitherto inaccessible domain of quantum mechanics.
description: 32 pages, 18 figures
Diagrammatics for Comodule Monads
Creators: name: Halbig, Sebastian
name: Zorman, Tony
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 18M30 (Primary) 18M05, 16T05, 18C15 (Secondary)

description: We extend Willerton's graphical calculus for bimonads to comodule monads, a monadic interpretation of module categories over a monoidal category. As an application, we prove a version of Tannaka--Krein duality for these structures.
description: 15 pages, 35 figures; expanded standalone version of section 5 of arXiv:2201.05361v1
Poles of cubic differentials and ends of convex $\mathbb{RP}^2$-surfaces
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The affine sphere construction gives, on any oriented surface, a one-to-one correspondence between convex $\mathbb{RP}^2$-structures and holomorphic cubic differentials. Generalizing results of Benoist-Hulin, Loftin and Dumas-Wolf, we show that poles of order less than $3$ of cubic differentials correspond to finite volume ends of convex $\mathbb{RP}^2$-structures, and poles of order $3$ (resp. bigger than $3$) correspond to geodesic (resp. piecewise geodesic) ends. In particular, at a pole of order at least $3$, we bordify the surface by attaching to it a boundary circle in a natural way with respect to the cubic differential, and show that the $\mathbb{RP}^2$-structure extends to the boundary in a metric preserving way.
description: Two pictures added, Sections 5.1, 5.5 and B.2 rewritten,and many minor modifications in presentation
Minimizing Negative Transfer of Knowledge in Multivariate Gaussian Processes: A Scalable and Regularized Approach
Creators: name: Kontar, Raed
name: Raskutti, Garvesh
name: Zhou, Shiyu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently there has been an increasing interest in the multivariate Gaussian process (MGP) which extends the Gaussian process (GP) to deal with multiple outputs. One approach to construct the MGP and account for non-trivial commonalities amongst outputs employs a convolution process (CP). The CP is based on the idea of sharing latent functions across several convolutions. Despite the elegance of the CP construction, it provides new challenges that need yet to be tackled. First, even with a moderate number of outputs, model building is extremely prohibitive due to the huge increase in computational demands and number of parameters to be estimated. Second, the negative transfer of knowledge may occur when some outputs do not share commonalities. In this paper we address these issues. We propose a regularized pairwise modeling approach for the MGP established using CP. The key feature of our approach is to distribute the estimation of the full multivariate model into a group of bivariate GPs which are individually built. Interestingly pairwise modeling turns out to possess unique characteristics, which allows us to tackle the challenge of negative transfer through penalizing the latent function that facilitates information sharing in each bivariate model. Predictions are then made through combining predictions from the bivariate models within a Bayesian framework. The proposed method has excellent scalability when the number of outputs is large and minimizes the negative transfer of knowledge between uncorrelated outputs. Statistical guarantees for the proposed method are studied and its advantageous features are demonstrated through numerical studies.
360 Layout Estimation via Orthogonal Planes Disentanglement and Multi-view Geometric Consistency Perception
Creators: name: Shen, Zhijie
name: Lin, Chunyu
name: Zhang, Junsong
name: Nie, Lang
name: Liao, Kang
name: Zhao, Yao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Existing panoramic layout estimation solutions tend to recover room boundaries from a vertically compressed sequence, yielding imprecise results as the compression process often muddles the semantics between various planes. Besides, these data-driven approaches impose an urgent demand for massive data annotations, which are laborious and time-consuming. For the first problem, we propose an orthogonal plane disentanglement network (termed DOPNet) to distinguish ambiguous semantics. DOPNet consists of three modules that are integrated to deliver distortion-free, semantics-clean, and detail-sharp disentangled representations, which benefit the subsequent layout recovery. For the second problem, we present an unsupervised adaptation technique tailored for horizon-depth and ratio representations. Concretely, we introduce an optimization strategy for decision-level layout analysis and a 1D cost volume construction method for feature-level multi-view aggregation, both of which are designed to fully exploit the geometric consistency across multiple perspectives. The optimizer provides a reliable set of pseudo-labels for network training, while the 1D cost volume enriches each view with comprehensive scene information derived from other perspectives. Extensive experiments demonstrate that our solution outperforms other SoTA models on both monocular layout estimation and multi-view layout estimation tasks. Cobe can be available at https://github.com/zhijieshen-bjtu/MV-DOPNet.
description: Accept to TPAMI2024. arXiv admin note: substantial text overlap with arXiv:2303.00971
The Curie-Weiss model with complex temperature: phase transitions
Creators: name: Shamis, Mira
name: Zeitouni, Ofer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study the partition function and free energy of the Curie-Weiss model with complex temperature, and partially describe its phase transitions. As a consequence, we obtain information on the locations of zeros of the partition function.
description: 25 pages, 4 figures. v2 adds grant info
Diameter of P.A. random graphs with edge-step functions
Creators: name: Alves, Caio
name: Ribeiro, Rodrigo
name: Sanchis, Remy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this work we prove general bounds for the diameter of random graphs generated by a preferential attachment model whose parameter is a function $f:\mathbb{N}\to[0,1]$ that drives the asymptotic proportion between the numbers of vertices and edges. These results are sharp when $f$ is a \textit{regularly varying function at infinity} with strictly negative index of regular variation~$-γ$. For this particular class, we prove a characterization for the diameter that depends only on~$-γ$. More specifically, we prove that the diameter of such graphs is of order $1/γ$ with high probability, although its vertex set order goes to infinity polynomially. Sharp results for the diameter for a wide class of \textit{slowly varying functions} are also obtained.
description: After referee recommendation, all results not concerning the diameter have been removed to obtain a more streamlined paper. The paper has been published at Random Structures and Algorithms under the new title
Survivability of Amorphous Ice in Comets Depends on the Latent Heat of Crystallization of Impure Water Ice
Creators: name: Arakawa, Sota
name: Wakita, Shigeru
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Comets would have amorphous ice rather than crystalline one at the epoch of their accretion. Cometary ice contains some impurities that govern the latent heat of ice crystallization, $L_{\rm cry}$. However, it is still controversial whether the crystallization process is exothermic or endothermic. In this study, we perform one-dimensional simulations of the thermal evolution of km-sized comets and investigate the effect of the latent heat. We find that the depth where amorphous ice can survive significantly depends on the latent heat of ice crystallization. Assuming the cometary radius of 2 km, the depth of the amorphous ice mantle is approximately 100 m when the latent heat is positive (i.e., the exothermic case with $L_{\rm cry} = + 9 \times 10^{4}$ J/kg). In contrast, when we consider the impure ice representing the endothermic case with $L_{\rm cry} = - 9 \times 10^{4}$ J/kg, the depth of the amorphous ice mantle could exceed 1 km. Although our numerical results indicate that these depths depend on the size and the accretion age of comets, the depth in a comet with the negative latent heat is a few to several times larger than the positive case for a given comet size. This work suggests that the spatial distribution of the ice crystallinity in a comet nucleus depends on the latent heat, which can be different from the previous estimates assuming pure water ice.
description: 15 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in PASJ
Lift-Connected Surface Codes
Creators: name: Old, Josias
name: Rispler, Manuel
name: Müller, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use the recently introduced lifted product to construct a family of Quantum Low Density Parity Check Codes (QLDPC codes). The codes we obtain can be viewed as stacks of surface codes that are interconnected, leading to the name lift-connected surface (LCS) codes. LCS codes offer a wide range of parameters - a particularly striking feature is that they show interesting properties that are favorable compared to the standard surface code. For example, already at moderate numbers of physical qubits in the order of tens, LCS codes of equal size have lower logical error rate or similarly, require fewer qubits for a fixed target logical error rate. We present and analyze the construction and provide numerical simulation results for the logical error rate under code capacity and phenomenological noise. These results show that LCS codes attain thresholds that are comparable to corresponding (non-connected) copies of surface codes, while the logical error rate can be orders of magnitude lower, even for representatives with the same parameters. This provides a code family showing the potential of modern product constructions at already small qubit numbers. Their amenability to 3D-local connectivity renders them particularly relevant for near-term implementations.
description: 23 pages, 19 figures; Included circuit-level noise simulations
Variational Inference of Joint Models using Multivariate Gaussian Convolution Processes
Creators: name: Yue, Xubo
name: Kontar, Raed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present a non-parametric prognostic framework for individualized event prediction based on joint modeling of both longitudinal and time-to-event data. Our approach exploits a multivariate Gaussian convolution process (MGCP) to model the evolution of longitudinal signals and a Cox model to map time-to-event data with longitudinal data modeled through the MGCP. Taking advantage of the unique structure imposed by convolved processes, we provide a variational inference framework to simultaneously estimate parameters in the joint MGCP-Cox model. This significantly reduces computational complexity and safeguards against model overfitting. Experiments on synthetic and real world data show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the art approaches built on two-stage inference and strong parametric assumptions.
Interplay between opers, quantum curves, WKB analysis, and Higgs bundles
Creators: name: Dumitrescu, Olivia
name: Mulase, Motohico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary: 14H15, 14N35, 81T45, Secondary: 14F10, 14J26, 33C05, 33C10, 33C15, 34M60, 53D37

description: Quantum curves were introduced in the physics literature. We develop a mathematical framework for the case associated with Hitchin spectral curves. In this context, a quantum curve is a Rees $\mathcal{D}$-module on a smooth projective algebraic curve, whose semi-classical limit produces the Hitchin spectral curve of a Higgs bundle. We give a method of quantization of Hitchin spectral curves by concretely constructing one-parameter deformation families of opers. We propose a variant of the topological recursion of Eynard--Orantin and Mirzakhani for the context of singular Hitchin spectral curves. We show that a PDE version of topological recursion provides all-order WKB analysis for the Rees $\mathcal{D}$-modules, defined as the quantization of Hitchin spectral curves associated with meromorphic $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$-Higgs bundles. Topological recursion can be considered as a process of quantization of Hitchin spectral curves. We prove that these two quantizations, one via the construction of families of opers, and the other via the PDE recursion of topological type, agree for holomorphic and meromorphic $SL(2,\mathbb{C})$-Higgs bundles. Classical differential equations such as the Airy differential equation provides a typical example. Through these classical examples, we see that quantum curves relate Higgs bundles, opers, a conjecture of Gaiotto, and quantum invariants, such as Gromov--Witten invariants
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1411.1023
Functional Principal Component Analysis for Extrapolating Multi-stream Longitudinal Data
Creators: name: Chung, Seokhyun
name: Kontar, Raed
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The advance of modern sensor technologies enables collection of multi-stream longitudinal data where multiple signals from different units are collected in real-time. In this article, we present a non-parametric approach to predict the evolution of multi-stream longitudinal data for an in-service unit through borrowing strength from other historical units. Our approach first decomposes each stream into a linear combination of eigenfunctions and their corresponding functional principal component (FPC) scores. A Gaussian process prior for the FPC scores is then established based on a functional semi-metric that measures similarities between streams of historical units and the in-service unit. Finally, an empirical Bayesian updating strategy is derived to update the established prior using real-time stream data obtained from the in-service unit. Experiments on synthetic and real world data show that the proposed framework outperforms state-of-the-art approaches and can effectively account for heterogeneity as well as achieve high predictive accuracy.
R code for a statistical framework to track temporal-spatial variation of chlorophyll–nutrient relationships under different sampling designs
Creators: name: Qianlinglin Qiu
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Eutrophication management
Temporal-spatial framework
Quantile regression
Chlorophyll–nutrient relationships

description: R code for a statistical framework to track temporal-spatial variation of chlorophyll–nutrient relationships under different sampling designs.
A Flying Bird Object Detection Method for Surveillance Video
Creators: name: Sun, Ziwei
name: Hua, Zexi
name: Li, Hengchao
name: Li, Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Aiming at the specific characteristics of flying bird objects in surveillance video, such as the typically non-obvious features in single-frame images, small size in most instances, and asymmetric shapes, this paper proposes a Flying Bird Object Detection method for Surveillance Video (FBOD-SV). Firstly, a new feature aggregation module, the Correlation Attention Feature Aggregation (Co-Attention-FA) module, is designed to aggregate the features of the flying bird object according to the bird object's correlation on multiple consecutive frames of images. Secondly, a Flying Bird Object Detection Network (FBOD-Net) with down-sampling followed by up-sampling is designed, which utilizes a large feature layer that fuses fine spatial information and large receptive field information to detect special multi-scale (mostly small-scale) bird objects. Finally, the SimOTA dynamic label allocation method is applied to One-Category object detection, and the SimOTA-OC dynamic label strategy is proposed to solve the difficult problem of label allocation caused by irregular flying bird objects. In this paper, the performance of the FBOD-SV is validated using experimental datasets of flying bird objects in traction substation surveillance videos. The experimental results show that the FBOD-SV effectively improves the detection performance of flying bird objects in surveillance video.
A spectral approach for quenched limit theorems for random expanding dynamical systems
Creators: name: Dragicevic, Davor
name: Froyland, Gary
name: Gonzalez-Tokman, Cecilia
name: Vaienti, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove quenched versions of (i) a large deviations principle (LDP), (ii) a central limit theorem (CLT), and (iii) a local central limit theorem (LCLT) for non-autonomous dynamical systems. A key advance is the extension of the spectral method, commonly used in limit laws for deterministic maps, to the general random setting. We achieve this via multiplicative ergodic theory and the development of a general framework to control the regularity of Lyapunov exponents of \emph{twisted transfer operator cocycles} with respect to a twist parameter. While some versions of the LDP and CLT have previously been proved with other techniques, the local central limit theorem is, to our knowledge, a completely new result, and one that demonstrates the strength of our method. Applications include non-autonomous (piecewise) expanding maps, defined by random compositions of the form $T_{σ^{n-1}ω}\circ\cdots\circ T_{σω}\circ T_ω$. An important aspect of our results is that we only assume ergodicity and invertibility of the random driving $σ:Ω\toΩ$; in particular no expansivity or mixing properties are
description: revised version taking into account referee's comments. Accepted for publication in Communications in Mathematical Physics
Numerical Method for Modeling Nucleation and Growth of Particles that Prevents Numerical Diffusion
Creators: name: Khrabry, A.
name: Kaganovich, I. D.
name: Raman, S.
name: Turkoz, E.
name: Graves, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: State-of-the-art models for aerosol particle nucleation and growth from a cooling vapor primarily use a nodal method to numerically solve particle growth kinetics. In this method, particles that are smaller than the critical size are omitted from consideration, because they are thermodynamically unfavorable. This omission is based on the assumption that most of the newly formed particles are above the critical size and that the subcritical-size particles are not important to take into account. Due to the nature of the nodal method, it suffers from the numerical diffusion, which can cause an artificial broadening of the cluster size distribution leading to significant overestimation of the number of large-size particles. To address these issues, we propose a more accurate numerical method that explicitly models particles of all sizes, and uses a special numerical scheme that eliminates the numerical diffusion. We extensively compare this novel method to the commonly used nodal solver of the General Dynamics Equation (GDE) for particle growth and demonstrate that it offers GDE solutions with higher accuracy without generating numerical diffusion. Incorporating small subcritical clusters into the solution is crucial for: 1) more precise determination of the entire shape of the particle size distribution function and 2) wider applicability of the model to experimental studies with non-monotonic temperature variations leading to particle evaporation. The computational code implementing this numerical method in Python is available upon request.
Particle Dark Matter Constraints: the Effect of Galactic Uncertainties
Creators: name: Benito, Maria
name: Bernal, Nicolas
name: Bozorgnia, Nassim
name: Calore, Francesca
name: Iocco, Fabio
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Collider, space, and Earth based experiments are now able to probe several extensions of the Standard Model of particle physics which provide viable dark matter candidates. Direct and indirect dark matter searches rely on inputs of astrophysical nature, such as the local dark matter density or the shape of the dark matter profile in the target in object. The determination of these quantities is highly affected by astrophysical uncertainties. The latter, especially those for our own Galaxy, are ill-known, and often not fully accounted for when analyzing the phenomenology of particle physics models. In this paper we present a systematic, quantitative estimate of how astrophysical uncertainties on Galactic quantities (such as the local galactocentric distance, circular velocity, or the morphology of the stellar disk and bulge) propagate to the determination of the phenomenology of particle physics models, thus eventually affecting the determination of new physics parameters. We present results in the context of two specific extensions of the Standard Model (the Singlet Scalar and the Inert Doublet) that we adopt as case studies for their simplicity in illustrating the magnitude and impact of such uncertainties on the parameter space of the particle physics model itself. Our findings point toward very relevant effects of current Galactic uncertainties on the determination of particle physics parameters, and urge a systematic estimate of such uncertainties in more complex scenarios, in order to achieve constraints on the determination of new physics that realistically include all known uncertainties.
description: Mistake in integrated baryonic masses corrected in Table 1. All other numbers and conclusions unaffected
Regular domains and surfaces of constant Gaussian curvature in three-dimensional affine space
Creators: name: Nie, Xin
name: Seppi, Andrea
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Generalizing the notion of domains of dependence in the Minkowski space, we define and study regular domains in the affine space with respect to a proper convex cone. In dimension three, we show that every proper regular domain is uniquely foliated by a particular kind of surfaces with constant affine Gaussian curvature. The result is based on the analysis of a Monge-Ampère equation with extended-real-valued lower semicontinuous boundary condition.
description: 52 pages, 5 figures. Comments welcome
Gradient conformal stationarity and the CMC condition in LRS spacetimes
Creators: name: Amery, Gareth
name: Dunsby, Peter K S
name: Sherif, Abbas M
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the existence of gradient conformal Killing vectors (CKVs) in the class of locally rotationally symmetric (LRS) spacetimes which generalizes spherically symmetric spacetimes, and investigate some implications for the evolutionary character of marginally outer trapped surfaces. We first study existence of gradient CKVs via the obtention of a relationship between the Ricci curvature and the gradient of the divergence of the CKV. This provides an alternative set of equations, for which the integrability condition is obtained, to analyze the existence of gradient CKVs. A uniqueness result is obtained in the case of perfect fluids, where it is demonstrated that the Robertson-Walker solution is the unique perfect fluid solution with a nonvanishing pressure, admitting a timelike gradient CKV. The constant mean curvature condition for LRS spacetimes is also obtained, characterized by three distinct conditions which are specified by a set of three scalars. Linear combinations of these scalars, whose vanishing define the constant mean curvature condition, turn out to be related to the evolutions of null expansions of 2-spheres along their null normal directions. As such, some implications for the existence of black holes and the character of the associated horizons are obtained. It is further shown that dynamical black holes of increasing area, with a non-vanishing heat flux across the horizon, will be in equilibrium, with respect to the frame of the conformal observers.
description: 25 pages; typos corrected; Abstract and references updated; some additional details, including calculations, provided for clarity; accepted for publication in CQG
Weak and strong coupling polarons in binary Bose-Einstein condensates
Creators: name: Liu, Ning
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Bose polaron is a quasiparticle that arises from the interaction between impurities and Bogoliubov excitation in Bose-Einstein condensates, analogous to the polaron formed by electrons and phonons in solid-state physics. In this paper, we investigate the effect of phase separation on weakly coupled and strongly coupled Bose polarons. Our findings reveal that phase separation induces a remarkable alteration in the properties of weakly coupled Bose polarons. However, in the case of strong coupling, phase separation cannot destroy the highly self-trapping state of Bose polarons.
description: 10 pages, 1 figures