cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dualities and positivity in the study of quantum entanglement
Creators: name: Skowronek, Lukasz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a survey on mathematical topics relating to separable states and entanglement witnesses. The convex cone duality between separable states and entanglement witnesses is discussed and later generalized to other families of operators, leading to their characterization via multiplicative properties. The condition for an operator to be an entanglement witness is rephrased as a problem of positivity of a family of real polynomials. By solving the latter in a specific case of a three-parameter family of operators, we obtain explicit description of entanglement witnesses belonging to that family. A related problem of block positivity over real numbers is discussed. We also consider a broad family of block positivity tests and prove that they can never be sufficient, which should be useful in case of future efforts in that direction. Finally, we introduce the concept of length of a separable state and present new results concerning relationships between the length and Schmidt rank. In particular, we prove that separable states of length lower of equal 3 have Schmidt ranks equal to their lengths. We also give an example of a state which has length 4 and Schmidt rank 3.
description: A shortened and amended version of author's Master's Thesis
title: Cuterebra (Diptera: Cuterebridae) of Utah and the Neighboring States
Creators: name: Graham, Charles L.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1962

description: Cuterebra are robust flies, which in flight resemble large black bees. Little is known about the bionomics of most of the species included in this genus. Nearly all members of this group parasitize rodents and lagomorphs. Some species have a wide host range, others seem to be specific or semi-specific to a single host. Accidental parasitism of animals other than specific host animals does occur. In such cases the larvae or the host usually die before the larvae can mature. There is a wide variation in the effect of of the parasite on its host. If the parasite is found in a natural host, the ability of the host to tolerate the parasite is much greater. In chipmunks one to three parasites have no apparent effect but with four to nine parasites in one animal, there is a loss of weight and a decrease in activity. Occasionally death results from parasitism by Cuterebra.
A valid key to the species of this genus does not exist. It is the purpose of this paper to establish a valid key for the described species of Cuterebra found in Utah and the neighboring states and to furnish descriptions of these species, which in conjunction with the key will aid the reader in identification of Cuterebra specimens. Whenever possible the host or hosts associated with each species will be listed.
Within the genus Cuterebra there are several species complexes. As used here, complexes are supposedly intraspecific groups which have several major characteristics in common but differ on a few minor points. Only more detailed studies on the members of these complexes will indicate the extent of intraspecific variation and the delimitation of a true species.
Learning Boolean functions with multi-controlled X gates
Creators: name: Pham Ngoc, Viet
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: As of late, both the fields of quantum computing and machine learning have experienced simultaneous developments. It is thus naturally that the interplay between these two fields is being investigated with the hope that they could benefit from one another. In this thesis, we explore one of the facets of this union called quantum machine learning. More accurately, throughout this thesis, the aim will be to learn Boolean functions using quantum circuits. To do so, we first study a type of circuit, that we named tunable quantum neural network, exclusively made of multi-controlled X gates and we formally show that this type of circuit is able to express any Boolean function, provided that it is tuned correctly. We then devise a learning algorithm, that makes use of a specific quantum superposition to identify misclassified inputs. This algorithm intends to minimise the number of updates to the quantum circuit as it can be a costly operation. However, because of the large number of measurements required, it may not be practical. To tackle this limitation and to guide our design of a learning algorithm that is indeed practical, we take advantage of the still ongoing field of quantum learning theory and design two other learning algorithms to be used in their respective framework. The first algorithm is used to train the network in the quantum probably approximately correct (QPAC) learning framework. By leveraging a quantum procedure called amplitude amplification, we show that this algorithm is efficient. The second algorithm also uses amplitude amplification but this time to train the network in the quantum exact learning framework with access to a uniform quantum example oracle. In both frameworks, we show that, in some cases, our algorithms perform better than what can be found in the literature.
title: USArray Imaging of North American Continental Crust
Creators: name: Ma, Xiaofei
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: The layered structure and bulk composition of continental crust contains important clues about its history of mountain-building, about its magmatic evolution, and about dynamical processes that continue to happen now. Geophysical and geological features such as gravity anomalies, surface topography, lithospheric strength and the deformation that drives the earthquake cycle are all directly related to deep crustal chemistry and the movement of materials through the crust that alter that chemistry.
The North American continental crust records billions of years of history of tectonic and dynamical changes. The western U.S. is currently experiencing a diverse array of dynamical processes including modification by the Yellowstone hotspot, shortening and extension related to Pacific coast subduction and transform boundary shear, and plate interior seismicity driven by flow of the lower crust and upper mantle. The midcontinent and eastern U.S. is mostly stable but records a history of ancient continental collision and rifting.
EarthScope’s USArray seismic deployment has collected massive amounts of data across the entire United States that illuminates the deep continental crust, lithosphere and deeper mantle. This study uses EarthScope data to investigate the thickness and composition of the continental crust, including properties of its upper and lower layers. One-layer and two-layer models of crustal properties exhibit interesting relationships to the history of North American continental formation and recent tectonic activities that promise to significantly improve our understanding of the deep processes that shape the Earth’s surface. Model results show that seismic velocity ratios are unusually low in the lower crust under the western U.S. Cordillera. Further modeling of how chemistry affects the seismic velocity ratio at temperatures and pressures found in the lower crust suggests that low seismic velocity ratios occur when water is mixed into the mineral matrix, and the combination of high temperature and water may point to small amounts of melt in the lower crust of Cordillera.
Deformable medical image registration using Deep Learning
Creators: name: Qiu, Huaqi
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Medical image registration involves aligning two or more images of the same subject or different subjects with various imaging modalities. It is a fundamental task in medical image analysis, with applications in disease monitoring, treatment planning, motion tracking, population analysis and many more. However, it is a challenging task due to a variety of factors, such as differences in imaging modalities, anatomical variations, and deformation caused by organ motion or surgical intervention. Deep Learning (DL) has shown great promise in addressing some of the challenges in medical image registration. Advanced deep neural networks are able to learn complex features from data and make predictions of non-linear (deformable) transformations from input images to solve registration problems with significantly higher computational efficiency than non-DL registration methods. The works presented in this thesis focus on investigating and improving aspects of deformable DL registration. First, a study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of supervised and unsupervised training of DL registration for cardiac motion using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) images. Second, a DL registration method is proposed which uses a differentiable Mutual Information (MI) loss and diffeomorphic free-form deformation (FFD), enabling accurate and well-regularised registration of medical images in different modalities. Finally, an accurate, data-efficient and robust DL registration method is developed by embedding variational optimisation in the learning-based framework.
Education is the Answer, not the Problem
Creators: name: Guthrie, James
name: Dumay, John
Publisher: name: Journal of Behavioural Economics and Social Systems
Year: 2021

description: Prof James Guthrie AM and Prof John Dumay introduce the articles in the second edition of BESS, and thank the social and public universities which helped produce them.
description: Journal of Behavioural Economics and Social Systems, Vol. 2 Núm. 1 (2020): Journal of Behavioural Economics and Social Systems (BESS)
Current-induced nuclear-spin activation in a two-dimensional electron gas
Creators: name: Dean, C. R.
name: Piot, B. A.
name: Gervais, G.
name: Pfeiffer, L. N.
name: West, K. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Electrically detected nuclear magnetic resonance was studied in detail in a two-dimensional electron gas as a function of current bias and temperature. We show that applying a relatively modest dc-current bias, I_dc ~ 0.5 microAmps, can induce a re-entrant and even enhanced nuclear spin signal compared with the signal obtained under similar thermal equilibrium conditions at zero current bias. Our observations suggest that dynamic nuclear spin polarization by small current flow is possible in a two-dimensional electron gas, allowing for easy manipulation of the nuclear spin by simple switching of a dc current.
description: 5 pages, 3 figs
Quantification of microRNA expression in single cells using microfluidics
Creators: name: Ho, Vanessa
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2023

description: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a lung condition characterised by progressive airflow limitation in part due to narrowing and fibrosis of small airways. COPD is associated with cellular senescence which is driven by stressors such as oxidative stress. MicroRNA-21 (miR-21) and microRNA-34a (miR-34a) are upregulated in COPD, however their regulatory role in COPD pathogenesis or in response to oxidative stress remains unclear. To better understand the role of miR-21 and miR-34a in COPD, a microfluidic platform was developed to quantify miR-21 and miR-34a molecules in single cells. Sandwich hybridisation assay was optimised and integrated into microfluidic chambers for single cell miRNA detection. The sensitivity was demonstrated by quantifying levels of miRNA in nasal cells and fluid. Levels of miR-21 were varied in nasal cells and fluid within and between individuals. Levels of miR-21 and miR-34a were increased in small airway epithelial cells (SAEC) and fibroblasts (SAF) from COPD subjects compared to non-smokers, and were varied within and between subjects. MiR-21 and miR-34a were detected simultaneously from the same cell using a multiplex assay which showed a positive correlation between miR-21 and miR-34a expressed in SAEC and SAF. Baseline gene expression of miR-21 and miR-34a targets differed in SAEC and SAF. Altered levels of miR-21 and miR-34a influenced their targets mRNA and protein levels, however the effect was different in COPD cells compared to healthy cells. MiR-21 and miR-34a levels were elevated in response to oxidative stress, while their target gene expression was reduced and senescent markers were increased. This study demonstrated that a microfluidic platform can be developed to quantify single miRNA molecules in single cells to determine cell-to-cell variation of miRNAs within cell populations. MiR-21 and miR-34a are crucial regulators in COPD and may have a protective role in response to oxidative stress, however further investigation is required.
title: Investigation and Engineering of Polyketide Biosynthetic Pathways
Creators: name: Sun, Lei
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: This research is focused on investigation and engineering of natural product biosynthetic pathways for efficient production of pharmaceutically important molecules or generation of new bioactive molecules for drug development.
Natural products are an important source of therapeutics, such as chromomycin (anti-cancer), emodin (anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor) and sprolaxine (anti-Helicobacter pylori). Metabolic engineering of natural product biosynthetic pathways shows its promise for creating and producing valuable compounds with chemical diversity for drug discovery. One goal of this research is to create highly efficient strains to biosynthesize valuable natural products. The engineered Streptomyces roseiscleroticus strain constructed in this work showed higher titers of chromomycins than previously reported, which was achieved by characterizing and engineering the chromomycin biosynthetic gene cluster. I activated the polyketide biosynthetic pathway by engineering two regulatory genes, and optimized the culture conditions to increase the titer of chromomycins. The production of emodin nowadays mostly relies on conventional plant cultivation and organic solvent extraction, which is time-consuming and cost-ineffective. This work built a biosynthetic platform using industrial strains Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Pichia pastoris with eight genes from fungi and yeast, which affords a more efficient biosynthetic process of emodin.
On the other hand, we used Escherichia coli as a platform for heterologous expression of PKSs and engineering of particular biosynthetic pathways to generate chemical diversity in natural products. The type III polyketide synthase (PKS) involved in the biosynthesis of spirolaxine was identified in this research, which is important for complete elucidation of the biosynthetic pathway of this anti-Helicobacter pylori natural product. Heterologous expression of this PKS in E. coli generated five new pharmaceutically valuable alkylresorcinols. Addition of glucose or pyruvate into the fermentation broths of E. coli expressing another type III PKS StTS resulted in a significant change in the product profiles. Five new products are produced and structurally characterized. Therefore, this work provides a new approach to generating new bioactive molecules in E. coli, the most widely used heterologous expression host.
title: Regulation and Energy Poverty in the United States
Creators: name: Jensen, Michael C.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Energy poverty is a topic often neglected in the discussion about global climate change. Apocalyptic prophecies about the negative future effects of climate change ignore the suffering of people around the globe whose lives could be drastically improved with access to reliable sources of energy. Though energy poverty from a global perspective is much more serious than energy poverty from a domestic perspective, high home energy bills are a serious cause for concern for many Americans.
This research examines the relationship between regulation, the prices of electricity and natural gas, and the household energy burden, which is the ratio of household energy expenditures to household income. Where the household energy burden exceeds six percent of household income, households are at the brink of living with a high household energy burden. High household energy burdens can become a generational poverty trap, so understanding what contributes to a high household energy burden may help decision makers determine how to proceed when shaping energy-related and poverty-related policy.
Superconductivity from D3/D7: Holographic Pion Superfluid
Creators: name: Basu, Pallab
name: He, Jianyang
name: Mukherjee, Anindya
name: Shieh, Hsien-Hang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that a D3/D7 system (at zero quark mass limit) at finite isospin chemical potential goes through a superconductor (superfluid) like phase transition. This is similar to a flavored superfluid phase studied in QCD literature, where mesonic operators condensate. We have studied the frequency dependent conductivity of the condensate and found a delta function pole in the zero frequency limit. This is an example of superconductivity in a string theory context. Consequently we have found a superfluid/supercurrent type solution and studied the associated phase diagram. The superconducting transition changes from second order to first order at a critical superfluid velocity. We have studied various properties of the superconducting system like superfluid density, energy gap, second sound etc. We investigate the possibility of the isospin chemical potential modifying the embedding of the flavor branes by checking whether the transverse scalars also condense at low temperature. This however does not seem to be the case.
description: 18 pages, 8 figures, revtex4
On Fair Selection in the Presence of Implicit and Differential Variance
Creators: name: Emelianov, Vitalii
name: Gast, Nicolas
name: Gummadi, Krishna P.
name: Loiseau, Patrick
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Discrimination in selection problems such as hiring or college admission is often explained by implicit bias from the decision maker against disadvantaged demographic groups. In this paper, we consider a model where the decision maker receives a noisy estimate of each candidate's quality, whose variance depends on the candidate's group -- we argue that such differential variance is a key feature of many selection problems. We analyze two notable settings: in the first, the noise variances are unknown to the decision maker who simply picks the candidates with the highest estimated quality independently of their group; in the second, the variances are known and the decision maker picks candidates having the highest expected quality given the noisy estimate. We show that both baseline decision makers yield discrimination, although in opposite directions: the first leads to underrepresentation of the low-variance group while the second leads to underrepresentation of the high-variance group. We study the effect on the selection utility of imposing a fairness mechanism that we term the $γ$-rule (it is an extension of the classical four-fifths rule and it also includes demographic parity). In the first setting (with unknown variances), we prove that under mild conditions, imposing the $γ$-rule increases the selection utility -- here there is no trade-off between fairness and utility. In the second setting (with known variances), imposing the $γ$-rule decreases the utility but we prove a bound on the utility loss due to the fairness mechanism.
description: Accepted for publication in the Artificial Intelligence Journal. This paper is an extended version of our paper arXiv:2006.13699: we added a Bayesian-optimal baseline (in addition to the group-oblivious baseline) and generalized the model by assuming a group-dependent distribution of quality and an implicit bias; but we removed the part on two-stage selection
Fixed scale approach to the equation of state on the lattice
Creators: name: Kanaya, K.
name: Umeda, T.
name: Aoki, S.
name: Ejiri, S.
name: Hatsuda, T.
name: Ishii, N.
name: Maezawa, Y.
name: Ohno, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a fixed scale approach to calculate the equation of state (EOS) in lattice QCD. In this approach, the temperature T is varied by Nt at fixed lattice spacings. This enables us to reduce T=0 simulations which are required to provide basic data in finite temperature studies but are quite expensive in the conventional fixed-Nt approach. Since the conventional integral method to obtain the pressure is inapplicable at fixed scale, we introduce a new method, "T-integration method", to calculate pressure non-perturbatively. We test the fixed scale approach armed with the T-integral method in quenched QCD on isotropic and anisotropic lattices. Our method is found to be powerful to obtain reliable results for the equation of state, especially at intermediate and low temperatures. Reduction of the computational cost of T=0 simulations is indispensable to study EOS in QCD with dynamical quarks. The status of our study in Nf=2+1 QCD with improved Wilson quarks is also reported.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures - To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee. Fonts in the figures magnified
Effects of Biochar Produced from Cornstalk, Rice Husk and Bamboo on Degradation of Flumioxazin in Soil
Creators: name: Chen, Ye
name: Lan, Tingting
name: Li, Jianmin
name: Yang, Guangqian
name: Zhang, Kankan
name: Hu, Deyu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Application of biochar provide a novel approach against organic contaminated soil issues. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biochars amendment on flumioxazin degradation using batch experiments. A simple and accurate pretreatment method coupled with liquid chromatography tandem with mass spectrometry was developed and successfully applied on the assessment trials of the effect of biochar amendment on the degradation of flumioxazin in soil. Three different types of biochar were characterized in terms of the degradation of flumioxazin in soil. The results demonstrated that flumioxazin degraded fast in four nonbiochar soil sample (half-lives of 11.1–20.8 days) but slower in biochar soils (half-lives of 15.4–30.7 days), and the effect varied with the nature of feedstock and pyrolysis temperature. Biochars prepared at 500°C (CB500 and RB500) could remove flumioxazin more effectively than the biochar prepared at 700°C (BB700). In addition, biochar content also affected the remediation. When the biochar content changed, the degradation rate of flumioxazin varied significantly. The degradation of flumioxazin was faster in soil samples with 0.5% cornstalk biochar than those in nonbiochar soil samples. As the biochar content increased, the degradation rate decreased because of the dominant adsorption efficiency. The results in this study support the environmental risk assessment of flumioxazin in soil and provide some guidance for biochar amendment in soil contaminated with flumioxazin.
Roominoes: Generating Novel 3D Floor Plans From Existing 3D Rooms
Creators: name: Wang, Kai
name: Xu, Xianghao
name: Lei, Leon
name: Ling, Selena
name: Lindsay, Natalie
name: Chang, Angel X.
name: Savva, Manolis
name: Ritchie, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Realistic 3D indoor scene datasets have enabled significant recent progress in computer vision, scene understanding, autonomous navigation, and 3D reconstruction. But the scale, diversity, and customizability of existing datasets is limited, and it is time-consuming and expensive to scan and annotate more. Fortunately, combinatorics is on our side: there are enough individual rooms in existing 3D scene datasets, if there was but a way to recombine them into new layouts. In this paper, we propose the task of generating novel 3D floor plans from existing 3D rooms. We identify three sub-tasks of this problem: generation of 2D layout, retrieval of compatible 3D rooms, and deformation of 3D rooms to fit the layout. We then discuss different strategies for solving the problem, and design two representative pipelines: one uses available 2D floor plans to guide selection and deformation of 3D rooms; the other learns to retrieve a set of compatible 3D rooms and combine them into novel layouts. We design a set of metrics that evaluate the generated results with respect to each of the three subtasks and show that different methods trade off performance on these subtasks. Finally, we survey downstream tasks that benefit from generated 3D scenes and discuss strategies in selecting the methods most appropriate for the demands of these tasks.
description: Symposium on Geometry Processing (SGP) 2021
title: The Effects of Formaldehyde on the Frequency of Reversion of the white-ivory Mutant of Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Wood, Ruth Ellen D.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 1970

description: This study is an analysis of the effects of formaldehyde, a chemical which is both recombinogenic and mutagenic, on white-ivory (wi) a highly mutable allele of the white locus of Drosophila.
Formaldehyde is shown to significantly increase the reversion frequency of wi. The results of this investigation differ from earlier observations in three respects: (1) there is a positive correlation between RNA (ribonucleic acid) concentration and reversion frequency in the presence of formaldehyde, but reversion does not appear to be totally RNA dependent; (2) female germ cells are more sensitive than those of the male; and ( 3) a cluster of revertants has been recovered. These indicate that formaldehyde-induced wi reversion may involve a different mechanism than that proposed for formaldehyde-induced sex-linked lethals. Different mechanisms have been proposed to account for the induction of sex-linked lethals and for the increase in recombination. Formaldehyde-induced reversion of white-ivory follows the parameters of recombination.
title: Advancing the Cyberinfrastructure for Integrated Water Resources Modeling
Creators: name: Buahin, Caleb A.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Like other scientists, hydrologists encode mathematical formulations that simulate various hydrologic processes as computer programs so that problems with water resource management that would otherwise be manually intractable can be solved efficiently. These computer models are typically developed to answer specific questions within a specific study domain. For example, one computer model may be developed to solve for magnitudes of water flow and water levels in an aquifer while another may be developed to solve for magnitudes of water flow through a water distribution network of pipes and reservoirs. Interactions between different processes are often ignored or are approximated using overly simplistic assumptions. The increasing complexity of the water resources challenges society faces, including stresses from variable climate and land use change, means that some of these models need to be stitched together so that these challenges are not evaluated myopically from the perspective of a single research discipline or study domain. The research in this dissertation presents an investigation of the various approaches and technologies that can be used to support model integration. The research delves into some of the computational challenges associated with model integration and suggests approaches for dealing with these challenges. Finally, it advances new software that provides data structures that water resources modelers are more accustomed to and allows them to take advantage of advanced computing resources for efficient simulations.
PT Symmetric Schrödinger Operators: Reality of the Perturbed Eigenvalues
Creators: name: Caliceti, Emanuela
name: Cannata, Francesco
name: Graffi, Sandro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We prove the reality of the perturbed eigenvalues of some PT symmetric Hamiltonians of physical interest by means of stability methods. In particular we study 2-dimensional generalized harmonic oscillators with polynomial perturbation and the one-dimensional $x^2(ix)^ε$ for $-1
title: Real Simple Lie Algebras: Cartan Subalgebras, Cayley Transforms, and Classification
Creators: name: Lewis, Hannah M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: The differential geometry software package in Maple has the necessary tools and commands to automate the classification process for complex simple Lie algebras. The purpose of this thesis is to write the programs to complete the classification for real simple Lie algebras. This classification is difficult because the Cartan subalgebras are not all conjugate as they are in the complex case. For the process of the real classification, one must first identify a maximally noncompact Cartan subalgebra. The process of the Cayley transform is used to find this specific Cartan subalgebra. This Cartan subalgebra is used to find the simple roots for the given real simple Lie algebra. With this information, we can then create a Satake diagram. Then we match our given algebra's Satake diagram to a Satake diagram of a known algebra. The programs explained in this thesis complete this process of classification.
Investigating the role of bars in quenching star formation using spatially resolved UV-optical colour maps
Creators: name: Renu, D.
name: Subramanian, Smitha
name: Rao, Suhasini
name: George, Koshy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2025
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Bars are ubiquitously found in disc galaxies and are known to drive galaxy evolution through secular processes. However, the specific contribution of bars in suppression of star formation (SF) is still under inspection which we investigate in this paper using spatially resolved UV-optical colour maps & radial color profiles of a sample of 17 centrally quenched (CQ) barred galaxies in redshift range 0.02-0.06. The sample is selected based on their location in M$_{\ast}$ - SFR plane. They are classified as passive based on parameters from MPA-JHU VAC, but non-passive based on the GSWLC catalog, indicating a passive inner region & recent star formation in their extended disc. We use archival SDSS r-band and GALEX FUV & NUV imaging data and created spatially resolved (FUV-NUV vs NUV-r) colour maps to understand the nature of UV emission from different regions of these galaxies. We then analyse their NUV-r radial profiles using NUV-r colour as a proxy for stellar population (SP) age. A control sample of 8 CQ unbarred galaxies is also analysed to disentangle the effect of bulge and bar in quenching SF. The CQ barred galaxies display redder colors (NUV-r $>$ 4-4.5 mag) in inner regions, up to the length of the bar, indicating the age of stellar population in these regions to be older than $>$ 1 Gyr. Most barred galaxies in our sample host pseudo bulges and do not host AGN, emphasizing most probable reason for the internal quenching is action of stellar bar. In comparison to the unbarred, the barred galaxies show redder colors to a larger spatial extent. We conclude that bars in their later stages of evolution turn the inner regions of galaxies redder, leading to quenching, with the effect being most prominent up to the ends of the bar and creating a region dominated by older SP. This may occur when bars have already funneled gas to the galactic centre leaving behind no fuel for further SF.
description: 17 pages, 9 figures, Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Special section on statistics in the atmospheric sciences
Creators: name: Fuentes, Montserrat
name: Guttorp, Peter
name: Stein, Michael L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: With the possible exception of gambling, meteorology, particularly precipitation forecasting, may be the area with which the general public is most familiar with probabilistic assessments of uncertainty. Despite the heavy use of stochastic models and statistical methods in weather forecasting and other areas of the atmospheric sciences, papers in these areas have traditionally been somewhat uncommon in statistics journals. We see signs of this changing in recent years and we have sought to highlight some present research directions at the interface of statistics and the atmospheric sciences in this special section.
description: Published in at http://dx.doi.org/10.1214/08-AOAS209 the Annals of Applied Statistics (http://www.imstat.org/aoas/) by the Institute of Mathematical Statistics (http://www.imstat.org)
title: Ecology of Greater Sage-Grouse Inhabiting the Southern Portion of the Rich-Morgan-Summit Sage-Grouse Management Area
Creators: name: Flack, M. Brandon
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Greater sage-grouse (Centrocercus urophasianus; sage-grouse) are sagebrush obligates and are therefore considered to be key indicators of sagebrush ecosystem health. Sage-grouse populations have declined range-wide over the last century due to loss and fragmentation of sagebrush (Artemisia spp.) habitats. Sage-grouse populations found in large intact sagebrush landscapes are considered to be more resilient, however, some small isolated populations persist and thrive in fragmented landscapes. Because of Utah’s unique topography and geography, sage-grouse habitat is discontinuous and populations are naturally dispersed throughout the state in suitable intact blocks or in disconnected islands of sagebrush habitat. Thus, Utah populations provide the ideal place to understand how landscape attributes may influence at risk populations. Of these, the Morgan-Summit population is important because very little was known about the general ecology of this population and it experiences a high level of anthropogenic disturbances.
I examined seasonal movement patterns, habitat selection, vital rates (nest initiation rates, nest success, clutch size, breeding success, brood success, and survival probability of breeding age birds) and the influence of vegetation components on vital rates of a small geographically isolated sage-grouse population in Morgan and Summit Counties in northern Utah from 2015–2016. To collect the data, I deployed 25 very-high frequency radio collars and 10 platform terminal transmitters and completed micro-site vegetation surveys at nest, brood, and paired random sites and then made comparisons. Nest sites exhibited variation in vegetation structure that influenced nest success, while brood sites did not.
This population is one of the most productive in Utah exhibiting high nest initiation rates, hatching rates, and brood success rates despite limited habitat space and small seasonal movements. Transmitter type had no influence on vital rates, which is contrary to other studies, and limited influence on habitat selection. Sage-grouse avoided trees and developed areas, especially during the breeding season. Selection of other landscape variables was season-dependent. This information suggests that a sage-grouse population can occupy areas of limited habitat on an annual basis if seasonal habitat requirements are met. This study provides information that stake holders can utilize to conserve critical seasonal habitats within this study area where the population could be negatively affected by anthropogenic development pressure.
Helium-Core White Dwarfs in the Globular Cluster NGC 6397
Creators: name: Strickler, R. R.
name: Cool, A. M.
name: Anderson, J.
name: Cohn, H. N.
name: Lugger, P. M.
name: Serenelli, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results of a study of the central regions of NGC 6397 using Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys, focusing on a group of 24 faint blue stars that form a sequence parallel to, but brighter than, the more populated sequence of carbon-oxygen white dwarfs (CO WDs). Using F625W, F435W, and F658N filters with the Wide Field Channel we show that these stars, 18 of which are newly discovered, have magnitudes and colors consistent with those of helium-core white dwarfs (He WDs) with masses ~ 0.2-0.3 Msun. Their H-alpha--R625 colors indicate that they have strong H-alpha absorption lines, which distinguishes them from cataclysmic variables in the cluster. The radial distribution of the He WDs is significantly more concentrated to the cluster center than that of either the CO WDs or the turnoff stars and most closely resembles that of the cluster's blue stragglers. Binary companions are required to explain the implied dynamical masses. We show that the companions cannot be main-sequence stars and are most likely heavy CO WDs. The number and photometric masses of the observed He WDs can be understood if ~1-5% of the main-sequence stars within the half-mass radius of the cluster have white dwarf companions with orbital periods in the range ~1-20 days at the time they reach the turnoff. In contrast to the CO WD sequence, the He WD sequence comes to an end at R625 ~ 24.5, well above the magnitude limit of the observations. We explore the significance of this finding in the context of thick vs. thin hydrogen envelope models and compare our results to existing theoretical predictions. In addition, we find strong evidence that the vast majority of the CO WDs in NGC 6397 down to Teff ~ 10,000 K are of the DA class. Finally, we use the CO WD sequence to measure a distance to the cluster of 2.34 +- 0.13 kpc.
description: 21 pages, 7 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in ApJ
title: Stream Temperature Monitoring and Modeling to Inform Restoration: A Study of Thermal Variability in the Western US
Creators: name: Wood, Jessica R.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Water temperature is an important variable for aquatic ecosystems. Salmonid population numbers and distribution are heavily influenced by stream temperature, and there is growing concern about the health of salmonid populations with anticipated climate change. Managers are looking to efficiently evaluate options to maintain stream temperatures needed by salmonids. This study evaluated and compared stream temperature restoration alternatives in two streams with warm temperatures using stream temperature monitoring and modeling.
The first study identified pockets of cold water that are important to native fish species in Nevada’s Walker River. Comparison of monitoring results with existing basin-scale model outputs identified two habitat features, beaver dams and irrigation return flow channels, that maximize stream temperature variability. Restoration should maintain and enhance these features, although different restoration approaches may be needed at different locations. This study may provide guidance for the interpretation of stream temperature results from other basin-scale models.
The second study quantified stream temperature effects of wildfire and restoration plantings in Oregon’s Meadow Creek with current and projected mid-21st century climate. A stream temperature model developed and applied using Heat Source found restoration eliminated days above the lethal threshold (25°C) for salmonids and decreased the number of days exceeding spawning criteria during spawning periods. Days exceeding salmonid spawning (13°C) and rearing (18°C) thresholds were reduced by all vegetation restoration scenarios, but elimiated by none. Results highlights the importance of the length and location of restoration, which can maximize pockets of cold water for salmonids or alleviate the impact of warm water sections.
A QSO plus host system lensed into a 6" Einstein ring by a low redshift galaxy
Creators: name: Ghosh, Kajal K
name: Narasimha, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report the serendipitous discovery of an "Einstein Ring" in the optical band from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) data and associated four images of a background source. The lens galaxy appears to be a nearby dwarf spheroid at a redshift of 0.0375$\pm$0.002. The lensed quasar is at a redshift of 0.6842$\pm$0.0014 and its multiple images are distributed almost 360$^{o}$ around the lens nearly along a ring of radius $\sim$6."0. Single component lens models require a mass of the galaxy of almost 10$^{12}$ M$_{\odot}$ within 6".0 from the lens center. With the available data we are unable to determine the exact positions, orientations and fluxes of the quasar and the galaxy, though there appears evidence for a double or multiple merging image of the quasar. We have also detected strong radio and X-ray emissions from this system. It is indicative that this ring system may be embedded in a group or cluster of galaxies. This unique ring, by virtue of the closeness of the lens galaxy, offers possible probe to some of the key issues like mass-to-light ratio of intrinsically faint galaxies, existence of large scale magnetic fields in elliptical galaxies etc.
description: 20 pages, 8 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
Positive Perspectives on the Functionalism Theory
Creators: name: Bamitale B.
name: Acheoah J. E.
Publisher: name: gjrpublication
Year: 2023

description: In any field of knowledge, theories facilitate the investigation of phenomena. In this regard, the applicability and reliability of a theory depends on its instrumentality in the elucidation of the phenomena under investigation. Usually, no theory is completely viod of weaknesses. In this study, we examine only the positive aspects of the Functionalism Theory. Functionalism aligns with the central reason for the emergence of pragmatics – a field of language study. “Pragmatics” evolved from the Greek word pragma which means “deed” or “action”. Within the perspective of Functiolnalism, linguistic structure is explained using its extralinguistic underpinning. The study concludes that the Functionalism Theory is a potent framework for the analysis of language-related phenomena in spoken, written, literary and non-literary texts. This is because it has adequate coverage in terms of the linguistic (normative) and extralinguistic (pragmatic) components.
Baryons in the Field Correlator Method
Creators: name: Kezerashvili, R. Ya.
name: Narodetskii, I. M.
name: Veselov, A. I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ground and $P$-wave excited states of $nnn$, $nns$ and $ssn$ baryons are studied in the framework of the field correlator method using the running strong coupling constant in the Coulomb-like part of the three-quark potential. The string correction for the confinement potential of the orbitally excited baryons, which is the leading contribution of the proper inertia of the rotating strings, is estimated.
description: 6 pages, 2 figures. Talk given at APS April Meeting, Denver, Colorado, May 2-5, 2009 and at the Tenth Conference on the Intersections of Particle and Nuclear Physics (CIPANP 2009), San Diego, California, May 26-31, 2009
title: Allowing the Untellable to Visit: Investigating Digital Folklore, PTSD and Stigma
Creators: name: Harline, Geneva
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: In the introduction of 2012 issue of The Journal of Folklore Research, Diane Goldstein and Amy Shuman issue a “call to arms for folklorists … to concentrate on the vernacular experience of the stigmatized.” (Goldstein and Shuman, 2012:116). Drawing on this call to arms, this thesis investigates how Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is portrayed in social media through memes and captioned images. I argue that the genres of memes and captioned images in digital folklore work to help mitigate the stigma of PTSD because the veneer of anonymity in the digital world allows people with PTSD to be willing to share their experiences and struggles.
With my findings on the use of memes and captioned images, my research demonstrates how digital folklore can be used to determine what education efforts are needed to mitigate stigma in the offline world. Through the focus on memes and captioned images relating to PTSD, I show that through the normalization of one mental health condition, digital folklore can help to alleviate stigma because the pervasive nature of digital culture allows for an influx of minimally moderated information, creating an avenue for understanding stigmatized groups.
title: Exploring and Describing the Spatial and Temporal Dynamics of Medusahead in the Channeled Scablands of Eastern Washington Using Remote Sensing Techniques
Creators: name: Bateman, Timothy M.
Publisher: name: Utah State University
Year: 2017

description: Medusahead is a harmful weed that is invading public lands in the West. The invasion is a serious concern to the public because it can reduce forage for livestock and wildlife, increase fire frequency, alter important ecosystem cycles (like water), reduce recreational activities, and produce landscapes that are aesthetically unpleasing. Invasions can drive up costs that generally require taxpayer’s dollars. Medusahead seedlings typically spread to new areas by attaching itself to passing objects (e.g. vehicles, animals, clothing) where it can quickly begin to affect plants communities. To be effective, management plans need to be sustainable, informed, and considerate to invasion levels across large landscapes. Ecological remote sensing analysis is a method that uses airborne imagery, taken from drones, aircrafts, or satellites, to gather information about ecological systems. This Thesis strived to use remote sensing techniques to identify medusahead in the landscape and its changes through time. This was done for an extensive area of rangelands in the Channel Scabland region of eastern ashington. This Thesis provided results that would benefit land managers that include: 1) a dispersal map of medusahead, 2) a time line of medusahead cover through time, 3) “high risk’ dispersal areas, 4) climatic factors showing an influence on the time line of medusahead, 5) a strategy map that can be utilized by land managers to direct management needs. This Thesis shows how remote sensing applications can be used to detect medusahead in the landscape and understand its invasiveness through time. This information can help create sustainable and effective management plans so land managers can continue to protect and improve western public lands threatened by the invasion of medusahead.