cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Certification of three black boxes with unsharp measurements using $3 \rightarrow 1 $ sequential quantum random access codes
Creators: name: Wei, Shihui
name: Guo, Fenzhuo
name: Gao, Fei
name: Wen, Qiao-Yan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unsharp measurements play an increasingly important role in quantum information theory. In this paper, we study a three-party prepare-transform-measure experiment with unsharp measurements based on $ 3 \rightarrow 1 $ sequential random access codes (RACs). We derive optimal trade-off between the two correlation witnesses in $ 3 \rightarrow 1 $ sequential quantum random access codes (QRACs), and use the result to complete the self-testing of quantum preparations, instruments and measurements for three sequential parties. We also give the upper and lower bounds of the sharpness parameter to complete the robustness analysis of the self-testing scheme. In addition, we find that classical correlation witness violation based on $3 \rightarrow 1 $ sequential RACs cannot be obtained by both correlation witnesses simultaneously. This means that if the second party uses strong unsharp measurements to overcome the classical upper bound, the third party cannot do so even with sharp measurements. Finally, we give the analysis and comparison of the random number generation efficiency under different sharpness parameters based on the determinant value, $2 \rightarrow 1 $ and $3 \rightarrow 1 $ QRACs separately. This letter sheds new light on generating random numbers among multi-party in semi-device independent framework.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.06726 by other authors
Polarization shadows of extragalactic sources by the local magneto-ionic ISM
Creators: name: Stil, J. M.
name: Taylor, A. R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report depolarization of extragalactic sources in the NRAO VLA Sky Survey (NVSS) by local structures in the interstellar medium. The sky density of polarized sources drops by a factor 2 - 4 in regions with angular scales approx. 10 degrees, implying up to 40% depolarization on average per source. Some of these polarization shadows are associated with HII regions, but three are associated with regions of depolarized diffuse Galactic emission. The absence of a correlation between the depth of polarization shadows and H-alpha intensity suggests that some shadows are related to structure in the magnetic field. At least some polarization shadows are caused by partial bandwidth depolarization in the NVSS. Alternatively, some may be caused by regions with small scale (< 1 arcsec) variations in rotation measure.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. Both figures provided as separate gif images. Accepted for publication in The Astrophysical Journal Letters
Characterizing correlation within multipartite quantum systems via local randomized measurements
Creators: name: Liu, Zhenhuan
name: Zeng, Pei
name: Zhou, You
name: Gu, Mile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Given a quantum system on many qubits split into a few different parties, how many total correlations are there between these parties? Such a quantity, aimed to measure the deviation of the global quantum state from an uncorrelated state with the same local statistics, plays an important role in understanding multipartite correlations within complex networks of quantum states. Yet, the experimental access of this quantity remains challenging as it tends to be non-linear, and hence often requires tomography which becomes quickly intractable as dimensions of relevant quantum systems scale. Here, we introduce a much more experimentally accessible quantifier of total correlations, which can be estimated using only single-qubit measurements. It requires far fewer measurements than state tomography and obviates the need to coherently interfere multiple copies of a given state. Thus, we provide a tool for proving multipartite correlations that can be applied to near-term quantum devices.
description: 28 pages, 8 figures. Comments are welcome
LHC Signatures of New Gauge Bosons in the Minimal Higgsless Model
Creators: name: He, Hong-Jian
name: Kuang, Yu-Ping
name: Qi, Yong-Hui
name: Zhang, Bin
name: Belyaev, Alexander
name: Chivukula, R. Sekhar
name: Christensen, Neil D.
name: Pukhov, Alexander
name: Simmons, Elizabeth H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the LHC signatures of new gauge bosons in the gauge-invariant minimal Higgsless model. It predicts an extra pair of W_1 and Z_1 bosons which can be as light as ~400GeV and play a key role in the delay of unitarity violation. We analyze the W_1 signals in pp --> W_0Z_0Z_0 --> jj4\ell and pp --> jj W_0Z_0 --> jj3\ellνprocesses at the LHC, including the complete electroweak and QCD backgrounds. We reveal the complementarity between these two channels for discovering the W_1 boson, and demonstrate the LHC discovery potential over the full range of allowed W_1 mass.
description: 5pp, Rapid Communication of PRD (in Press). Minor clarifications to stress the importance and broad interest of this work. (All results un-changed.)
A genetic analysis of mutagen-sensitive mutations on the second chromosome of Drosophila melanogaster
Creators: name: Henderson, Daryl Stewart
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Mutagen-sensitive (mus) mutations in Drosophila melanogaster render developing flies hypersensitive to the lethal effects of DNA-damaging agents. In general, mus mutations identify DNA repair-related genes. In this study, 5 new second chromosome mus mutations (mus205B¹, mus208B¹, mus209B¹, mus210B¹ and mus211B¹), selected on the basis of sensitivity to methyl methanesulfonate (MMS), were characterized using a variety of genetic tests. One test measured the MMS-sensitivity of double mutant mus strains compared to their component single mutants. Mutant interactions were examined in 8 double mus and in 2 triple mus strains containing combinations of mus201D¹, mus205B¹, mus208B¹, mus210B¹ and mus211B¹ (or mus211B²). These analyses have revealed predominantly synergistic and epistatic responses to MMS. Taken together with the findings of previous genetic and biochemical studies of Drosophila mus strains, these results suggest that 3 major repair pathways may operate in flies to correct damage caused by MMS. Mutagen cross-sensitivity data and the results of the interaction studies suggest that mus mutations might serve as rapid and sensitive bioassays of somatic genotoxicity caused by mutagens and carcinogens. To explore this possibility, a simple mutagen test system was devised employing triple mutant mus strains. One strain (mus208B¹ mus210B¹ mus211B²) was tested for sensitivity to 14 mutagens/carcinogens and 2 non-carcinogens. Eleven of the mutagens/carcinogens were readily detected as genotoxic. Both non-carcinogens were non-genotoxic. These preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility (and some limitations) of the proposed somatic genotoxicity assay and emphasize the need for further test validation using a larger chemical data base. The temperature-sensitive lethal mutation mus209B¹ was subjected to extensive genetic analyses and to temperature shift experiments during development. This locus was found to encode a product(s) that (1) is essential for viability at virtually all pre-imaginal developmental stages (the latter half of pupation appears to be an exception), (2) is necessary for wildtype levels of resistance to the genotoxic effects of MMS and ionizing radiation, and (3) is required for female fertility. Confirmation of the pleiotropic nature of this mutation was obtained by meiotic and cytogenetic mapping studies and by complementation tests with a series of allelic mutations. The mus209B¹ phenotypes are similar to ones conferred by mutations in Drosophila and yeast that disrupt various aspects of chromosome metabolism. In this context, some possible roles for mus209B¹ are discussed.
A toy model for quantum mechanics
Creators: name: van Enk, S. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The toy model used by Spekkens [R. Spekkens, Phys. Rev. A 75, 032110 (2007)] to argue in favor of an epistemic view of quantum mechanics is extended by generalizing his definition of pure states (i.e. states of maximal knowledge) and by associating measurements with all pure states. The new toy model does not allow signaling but, in contrast to the Spekkens model, does violate Bell-CHSH inequalities. Negative probabilities are found to arise naturally within the model, and can be used to explain the Bell-CHSH inequality violations.
description: in which the author breaks his vow to never use the words "ontic" and "epistemic" in public
Photospheric downflows observed with SDO/HMI, HINODE, and an MHD simulation
Creators: name: Roudier, T.
name: Švanda, M.
name: Malherbe, J. M.
name: Ballot, J.
name: Korda, D.
name: Frank, Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Downflows on the solar surface are suspected to play a major role in the dynamics of the convection zone. We investigate the existence of the long-lasting downflows whose effects influence the interior of the Sun and the outer layers. We study the sets of Dopplergrams and magnetograms observed with SDO and Hinode spacecrafts and a MHD simulation. All of the aligned sequences, which were corrected from the satellite motions and tracked with the differential rotation, were used to detect the long-lasting downflows in the quiet-Sun at the disc centre. To learn about the structure of the flows below the solar surface, the time-distance local helioseismology was used. The inspection of the 3D data cube (x, y, t) of the 24-hour Doppler sequence allowed us to detect 13 persistent downflows. Their lifetimes lie in the range between 3.5 and 20 hours with sizes between 2" and 3" and speeds between -0.25 and -0.72 km/s. These persistent downflows are always filled with the magnetic field with an amplitude of up to 600 G. The helioseismic inversion allows us to describe the persistent downflows and compare them to the other (non-persistent) downflows in the field of view. The persistent downflows seem to penetrate much deeper and, in the case of a well-formed vortex, the vorticity keeps its integrity to the depth of about 5 Mm. In the MHD simulation, only sub-arcsecond downflows are detected with no evidence of a vortex comparable in size to observations at the surface of the Sun. The long temporal sequences from the space-borne allow us to show the existence of long-persistent downflows together with the magnetic field. They penetrate inside the Sun but are also connected with the anchoring of coronal loops in the photosphere, indicating a link between downflows and the coronal activity. A link suggests that EUV cyclones over the quiet Sun could be an effective way to heat the corona.
description: 14 pages, 23 figures
Revival of oscillation and symmetry breaking in coupled quantum oscillators
Creators: name: Bandyopadhyay, Biswabibek
name: Banerjee, Tanmoy
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Restoration of oscillation from an oscillation suppressed state in coupled oscillators is an important topic of research and has been studied widely in recent years. However, the same in the quantum regime has not been explored yet. Recent works established that under certain coupling conditions coupled quantum oscillators are susceptible to suppression of oscillations, such as amplitude death and oscillation death. In this paper, for the first time we demonstrate that quantum oscillation suppression states can be revoked and rhythmogenesis can be established in coupled quantum oscillators by controlling a feedback parameter in the coupling path. However, in sharp contrast to the classical system, we show that in the deep quantum regime the feedback parameter fails to revive oscillation, rather results in a transition from quantum amplitude death state to the recently discovered quantum oscillation death state. We use the formalism of open quantum system and phase space representation of quantum mechanics to establish our results. Therefore, our study establishes that revival scheme proposed for classical systems does not always result in restoration of oscillation in quantum systems but in the deep quantum regime it may give counterintuitive behaviors that are of pure quantum mechanical origin.
description: 7 pages: 5 figs. To appear in Chaos
Dynamic Coulomb blockade in single-lead quantum dots
Creators: name: Zheng, Xiao
name: Jin, Jinshuang
name: Yan, YiJing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate transient dynamic response of an Anderson impurity quantum dot to a family of ramp-up driving voltage applied to the single coupling lead. Transient current is calculated based on a hierarchical equations of motion formalism for open dissipative systems [J. Chem. Phys. 128, 234703 (2008)]. In the nonlinear response and nonadiabatic charging regime, characteristic resonance features of transient response current reveal distinctly and faithfully the energetic configuration of the quantum dot. We also discuss and comment on both the physical and numerical aspects of the theoretical formalism used in this work.
Minimal non-orientable matroids in a projective plane
Creators: name: Florez, Rigoberto
name: Forge, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We construct a new family of minimal non-orientable matroids of rank three. Some of these matroids embed in Desarguesian projective planes. This answers a question of Ziegler: for every prime power $q$, find a minimal non-orientable submatroid of the projective plane over the $q$-element field.
description: This paper was published in 2007
Modelling Magnetic Fluctuations in the Stripe Ordered State
Creators: name: Konik, R. M.
name: Essler, F. H. L.
name: Tsvelik, A. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The nature of the interplay between superconductivity and magnetism in the cuprates remains one of the fundamental unsolved problems in high temperature superconductivity. Whether and how these two phenomena are interdependent is perhaps most sharply seen in the stripe phases of various copper-oxide materials. These phases, involving a mixture of spin and charge density waves, do not yet admit a complete, overarching theoretical treatment. However aspects of this problem can be analyzed. In this work, we focus on the magnetic side of stripe physics. To this end, we study a simple model of a stripe-ordered phase consisting of an array of alternating coupled doped and undoped two-leg Hubbard-like ladders. To obtain the magnetic response, we employ already available dynamical susceptibilities of the individual two-leg ladders and treat the interladder coupling in a random phase approximation. Strikingly, we find two possible scenarios for the ordered state induced by the coupling between ladders: the spin modulation can occur either along or perpendicular to the direction of the stripes. These two scenarios are differentiated according to different microscopic realizations of the component doped ladders. However inelastic neutron scattering experiments on the two stripe ordered cuprates, La_{1.875}Ba_{0.125}CuO_4 and La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4, do not readily distinguish between these two scenarios due to manner in which stripes form in these materials.
description: 24 pages, 8 figures
High frequency background gravitational waves from spontaneous emission of gravitons by hydrogen and helium
Creators: name: Hu, Jiawei
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A direct consequence of quantization of gravity would be the existence of gravitons. Therefore, spontaneous transition of an atom from an excited state to a lower-lying energy state accompanied with the emission of a graviton is expected. In this paper, we take the gravitons emitted by hydrogen and helium in the Universe after recombination as a possible source of high frequency background gravitational waves, and calculate the energy density spectrum. Explicit calculations show that the most prominent contribution comes from the $3d-1s$ transition of singly ionized helium $\mathrm{He}^{+}$, which gives a peak in frequency at $\sim10^{13}$ Hz. Although the corresponding energy density is too small to be detected even with state-of-the-art technology today, we believe that the spontaneous emission of $\mathrm{He}^{+}$ is a natural source of high frequency gravitational waves, since it is a direct consequence if we accept that the basic quantum principles we are already familiar with apply as well to a quantum theory of gravity.
description: 14 pages, 1 figure, accepted for publication in Eur. Phys. J. C
The off-shell Veneziano amplitude in Schnabl gauge
Creators: name: Rastelli, Leonardo
name: Zwiebach, Barton
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We give a careful definition of the open string propagator in Schnabl gauge and present its worldsheet interpretation. The propagator requires two Schwinger parameters and contains the BRST operator. It builds surfaces by gluing strips of variable width to the left and to the right of off-shell states with contracted or expanded local frames. We evaluate explicitly the four-point amplitude of off-shell tachyons. The computation involves a subtle boundary term, crucial to enforce the correct exchange symmetries. Interestingly, the familiar on-shell physics emerges even though string diagrams produce Riemann surfaces more than once. Off-shell, the amplitudes do not factorize over intermediate on-shell states.
description: 48 pages, 10 figures. v2:acknowledgments added
Data Sovereignty in Data Donation Cycles - Requirements and Enabling Technologies for the Data-driven Development of Health Applications
Creators: name: Schinle, Markus
name: Erler, Christina
name: Stork, Wilhelm
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2021

description: Personalized healthcare is expected to increase the efficiency and the effectiveness of health services using different kinds of algorithms on existing data. This approach is currently confronted with the lack of digital data and the desire for self-determined personal data handling. However, the issue of health data donation is on the political agenda of some governments. Within this work, a knowledge base will be created by reviewing existing approaches and technologies regarding this topic with the focus on chronic diseases. A list of requirements will be derived from which we conceptualize a data donation cycle to demonstrate the challenges and opportunities of health data sovereignty and its future possibilities concerning data-driven health application development. By linking the requirements to technological approaches, the baseline for future open ecosystems will be presented.
Experiences of adherence to daily antiretroviral pre-exposure prophylaxis among heterosexual serodiscordant partners in the Nigeria PrEP demonstration project
Creators: name: Nancin Y. Dadem
name: Kolawole, Grace O.
name: Morenike Folayan
name: Ezechi, Oliver
name: Sani H.  Aliyu
name: Idoko, John
name: Team, The Nigeria PrEP Demonstration Project
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Background: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces the risk of HIV transmission. However, adherence is crucial in maximizing effectiveness. We explored adherence among HIV negative partners of serodiscordant couples enrolled in PrEP demonstration study in Nigeria.  Methods: Semi-structured interviews with 35 partners were conducted. All participants received clinic-based adherence support. Five non-adherent participants from this sample, identified through the use of medication event monitoring system received additional counseling to enhance adherence.  Data were inductively analyzed and assigned to descriptive categories.  Findings: The median duration on PrEP at time of interviews was 5 months. Nineteen participants indicated never missing a pill.  We found the desire to stay HIV negative while not using condom during sex to be the main incentive for PrEP adherence. Partner support, negative HIV test results received at follow-up visits, personal behavioral strategies and health provider adherence counseling further enhanced adherence. Adherence was challenged by complexities. In particular, being ill and concern about possible drug side effects, difficulty in taking drugs daily, possible run-out of drugs during public holidays and attending to other competing demands.  Conclusion: Most participants prioritize adherence to PrEP despite obstacles. Identified motivators for adherence to PrEP by serodiscordant couples enrolled in the Nigeria PrEP demonstration study exemplify support within and outside health care settings. Contingency plans for public holidays can be improved to ensure continuity of care.
Additional file 3 of MYB transcription factor PdMYB118 directly interacts with bHLH transcription factor PdTT8 to regulate wound-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in poplar
Creators: name: Wang, Haihai
name: Wang, Xiaoqing
name: Yu, Chunyan
name: Wang, Cuiting
name: Jin, Yanli
name: Zhang, Hongxia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 3: Figure S3. Expression of PtrJAZ1 and PdTT8 in the protoplasts isolated from the leaves of transgenic plants overexpressing PdMYB118.
Distributions for MSSM Higgs boson + jet production at hadron colliders
Creators: name: Brein, Oliver
name: Hollik, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present pseudorapidity and transverse momentum distributions for the cross section for the production of the lightest neutral Higgs boson in association with a high-p_T hadronic jet, calculated in the framework of the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM). We discuss the theoretical predictions for the differential cross sections at the Large Hadron Collider and the Tevatron for the most common benchmark scenarios.
description: 18 pages, 10 figures
The “day after PrEP”: negative partners’ perspectives on discontinuing PrEP in the Nigeria PrEP demonstration project
Creators: name: Nancin Y. Dadem
name: Kolawole, Grace O.
name: Morenike Folayan
name: Anenih, James
name: Chidi Nwaneka
name: Ezechi, Oliver
name: Sani Aliyu
name: Idoko, John
name: Team, The Nigeria PrEP Demonstration Project
Publisher: name: Gates Open Research
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) reduces the risk of HIV transmission. Serodiscordant couples are one of the populations identified to be at high risk for HIV infection. We conducted a qualitative study to understand what discontinuing PrEP means to users in relation to their perceived risk of acquiring HIV. Methods: Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with HIV negative partners (17 males; 13 females) in serodiscordant relationships. Questions explored perception of HIV infection risk after PrEP discontinuation, future personal HIV prevention strategies in the absence of PrEP, and willingness to take PrEP pills in the future. Data were inductively content-analyzed to identify repeated themes and represent them as descriptive categories. Findings: A number of participants were confident that discontinuation of PrEP by a clinician was a certification of no HIV infection risk. Others were less reluctant to stop PrEP because they felt vulnerable: discontinuing PrEP meant being exposed to HIV; and felt continued use of PrEP acted as vaccines against HIV infection for them in a discordant relationship. The use of condoms was the main mechanism identified for HIV prevention once PrEP was discontinued. Most participants were interested in PrEP use if and when available. A few of those not interested in continuing PrEP use explained that viral suppression in their partners would prevent HIV transmission. Conclusion:  Study participants need to be counseled on HIV prevention options, including the importance of partner viral suppression when PrEP use is discontinued. This counseling should commence prior to their study exit.
TCCT: Tightly-Coupled Convolutional Transformer on Time Series Forecasting
Creators: name: Shen, Li
name: Wang, Yangzhu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Time series forecasting is essential for a wide range of real-world applications. Recent studies have shown the superiority of Transformer in dealing with such problems, especially long sequence time series input(LSTI) and long sequence time series forecasting(LSTF) problems. To improve the efficiency and enhance the locality of Transformer, these studies combine Transformer with CNN in varying degrees. However, their combinations are loosely-coupled and do not make full use of CNN. To address this issue, we propose the concept of tightly-coupled convolutional Transformer(TCCT) and three TCCT architectures which apply transformed CNN architectures into Transformer: (1) CSPAttention: through fusing CSPNet with self-attention mechanism, the computation cost of self-attention mechanism is reduced by 30% and the memory usage is reduced by 50% while achieving equivalent or beyond prediction accuracy. (2) Dilated causal convolution: this method is to modify the distilling operation proposed by Informer through replacing canonical convolutional layers with dilated causal convolutional layers to gain exponentially receptive field growth. (3) Passthrough mechanism: the application of passthrough mechanism to stack of self-attention blocks helps Transformer-like models get more fine-grained information with negligible extra computation costs. Our experiments on real-world datasets show that our TCCT architectures could greatly improve the performance of existing state-of-art Transformer models on time series forecasting with much lower computation and memory costs, including canonical Transformer, LogTrans and Informer.
Effect of pressure on the magnetostructural transition in SrFe2As2
Creators: name: Kumar, M.
name: Nicklas, M.
name: Jesche, A.
name: Caroca-Canales, N.
name: Schmitt, M.
name: Hanfland, M.
name: Kasinathan, D.
name: Schwarz, U.
name: Rosner, H.
name: Geibel, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a systematic pressure study of poly- and single crystalline SrFe2As2 by electrical resistivity and X-ray diffraction measurements. SrFe2As2 exhibits a structural phase transition from a tetragonal to an orthorhombic phase at T0=205 K. The structural phase transition is intimately linked to a spin-density-wave transition taking place at the same temperature. Our pressure experiments show that T0 shifts to lower temperatures with increasing pressure. We can estimate a critical pressure of 4 to 5 GPa for the suppression of T0 to zero temperature. At pressures above 2.5 GPa the resistivity decreases significantly below Tx=40 K hinting at the emergence of superconductivity but no zero-resistance state is observed up to 3 GPa.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. B
Phytochemical content, antioxidant potential, and fatty acid composition of dried Tunisian fig (Ficus carica L.) cultivars
Creators: name: Khadhraoui, Marwa
name: Bagues, Mohamed
name: Artés, Francisco
name: Ferchichi, Ali
Publisher: name: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Year: 2019

description: This study reports the main phenolic compounds, as well as phenolic profiles and antioxidant activity in nine sun-dried fig cultivars with different skin color, originating from South-Eastern and Middle-Eastern Tunisia. For all evaluated parameters, a considerable variability with high significant differences was observed among the cultivars studied. Dark fruits exhibited a higher total polyphenol contents (201.77 mg GAE/100g DM in cultivar Saoudi Douiret) compared to green fruits (73.74 mg GAE/100g DM in cultivar Bayoudhi Douiret). Fatty acid methyl esters, identified by GC-MS, distinguished the presence of (C16: 0), (C18: 1), ((C18: 2) 9, 12), ((C18: 3) 9, 12, 15) and (C20: 0). Strong correlations between the amounts of total phenolics, phenolic acids, flavonoids, fatty acids and antioxidant capacity were found. A principal component analysis showed three groups of cultivars regarding their similarity level.
description: Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality, Vol 92 (2019): Journal of Applied Botany and Food Quality
Interaction of Dirac and Majorana Neutrinos with Weak Gravitational Fields
Creators: name: Menon, A.
name: Thalapillil, Arun M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper the interaction of high energy neutrinos with weak gravitational fields is briefly explored. The form of the graviton-neutrino vertex is motivated from Lorentz and gauge invariance and the non-relativistic interpretations of the neutrino gravitational form factors are obtained. We comment on the renormalization conditions, the preservation of the weak equivalence principle and the definition of the neutrino mass radius. We associate the neutrino gravitational form factors with specific angular momentum states. Based on Feynman diagrams, spin-statistics, CP invariance and symmetries of the angular momentum states in the neutrino-graviton vertex, we deduce differences between the Majorana and Dirac cases. It is then proved that in spite of the theoretical differences between the two cases, as far as experiments are considered, they would be virtually indistinguishable for any space-time geometry satisfying the weak field condition. We then calculate the transition gravitational form factors for the neutrino by evaluating the relevant Feynman diagrams at 1-loop and estimate a neutrino transition mass radius. The form factor is seen to depend on the momentum transfer very weakly. It is also seen that the neutrino transition mass radius is smaller than the typical neutrino charge radius by a couple of orders of magnitude.
description: 16 pages, 7 figures; Added references and typos corrected
Noether Symmetry Approach in Energy-Momentum Squared Gravity
Creators: name: Sharif, M.
name: Gul, M. Zeeshan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we investigate the newly developed $f(R,\mathbf{T}^2)$ theory ($R$ is the Ricci scalar and $\mathbf{T}^2=T_{αβ}T^{αβ},~T _{αβ}$ demonstrates the energy-momentum tensor) to explore some viable cosmological models. For this purpose, we use the Noether symmetry approach in the context of flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker (FRW) universe. We solve the Noether equations of this modified theory for two types of models and obtain the symmetry generators as well as corresponding conserved quantities. We also evaluate exact solutions and investigate their physical behavior via different cosmological parameters. For the prospective models, the graphical behavior of these parameters indicate consistency with recent observations representing accelerated expansion of the universe. In the first case, we take a special model of this theory and obtain new class of exact solutions with the help of conserved quantities. Secondly, we consider minimal and non-minimal coupling models of $f(R,\mathbf{T} ^{2})$ gravity. We conclude that conserved quantities are very useful to derive the exact solutions that are used to study the cosmic accelerated expansion.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
Supporting innovation in bioinformatics : How ELIXIR connects public bioinformatics infrastructure with industry
Creators: name: Lauer, Katharina
name: Smith, Andrew
name: Premysl Velek
name: Blomberg, Niklas
Publisher: name: F1000 Research Limited
Year: 2019

description: This report showcases examples of ELIXIR’s efforts in building industry collaborations. It presents a number of ways in which ELIXIR Nodes engage and support industry, including formal industry engagement programmes, contract research, and collaborating through public-private partnerships and many others.
Triplet-singlet relaxation in semiconductor single and double quantum dots
Creators: name: Shen, K.
name: Wu, M. W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the triplet-singlet relaxation in two-electron semiconductor quantum dots. Both single dots and vertically coupled double dots are discussed. In our work, the electron-electron Coulomb interaction, which plays an important role in the electronic structure, is included. The spin mixing is caused by spin-orbit coupling which is the key to the triplet-singlet relaxation. We show that the selection rule widely used in the literature is incorrect unless near the crossing/anticrossing point in single quantum dots. The triplet/singlet relaxation in double quantum dots can be markedly changed by varying barrier height, inter-dot distance, external magnetic field and dot size.
description: 7 pages, 4 figures, PRB in press
Influence of sewage sludge application on hydraulic and physical properties of a silty clay loam subsoil
Creators: name: Kodsi, Elias G.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2010

description: Turf growers have been farming the Ladner soil in the Boundary Bay area for the last decade. At each harvest, approximately a 2cm layer from the A horizon is taken out with grass. Consequently, the cultivation layer is becoming thinner year after year and the growers are already cultivating the B horizon. The possible improvement of the B horizon structure through sewage sludge application will benefit the fanners in the area. A greenhouse experiment was conducted using a Ladner subsoil. Treatments included application rates of 0, 33, and 100 t/ha of composted sewage sludge. The effect of sludge application on the soil structural stability in relation to the destructive action of water was evaluated. Soil columns were subjected to periodic 24-hour simulated ponding events. Adding sewage sludge increased the ponding tolerance of the soil. This was reflected by statistically significant differences in satiated hydraulic conductivity ('Ks') between the sludge-amended columns and the control columns. The significant decrease of 'Ks' of the control treatment as a result of ponding was responsible for widening the gap between 'Ks' of the control columns and 'Ks' of the sludge-treated columns. The incorporation of sewage sludge slowed down the decrease of 'Ks' but could not stop it. The most plausible explanation is that the addition of sewage sludge was effective in increasing the resistance of aggregates to breakdown when subjected to ponding. Fifty days after the last ponding event, the percent stable aggregates averaged 13.7, 26.9, and 48.1% for the 0, 33, and 100 t/ha treatments respectively. In no case was a significant difference in bulk density observed between the treatments. The soil structure deterioration as a result of ponding was not reflected by the bulk density measurements. Thus, it was concluded that hydraulic conductivity and aggregate stability are better idices of soil structural deterioration than bulk density. A side investigation was carried out to illustrate trends of essential nutrient and heavy metal uptake by bermuda grass. Sludge incorporation at 33 t/ha did not seem to increase nutrient and metal uptake by bermuda grass. However N, Cd, and Zn uptake appeared to increase at 100 t/ha.
Entanglement dynamics for two-level quantum systems coupled with massive scalar fields
Creators: name: Zhou, Yuebing
name: Hu, Jiawei
name: Yu, Hongwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Entanglement is essential in quantum information science. Typically, the inevitable coupling between quantum systems and environment inhibits entanglement from being created between long-distance subsystems and being maintained for a long time. In this paper, we show that when the environment is composed of a bath of massive scalar fields, the region of the separation within which entanglement can be generated is significantly enlarged, and the decay rate of entanglement is significantly slowed down compared with those in the massless case, when the mass of the field $m$ is smaller than but close to the transition frequency of the qubits $ω$. When $m\geqω$, the initial entanglement can be maintained for an arbitrarily long time, regardless of the environmental temperature. Therefore, in principle, it is possible to achieve long-distance entanglement generation and long-lived entanglement by manipulating the energy level spacing of the two-level systems with respect to the mass of the field.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in Phys. Lett. A
Long-Term Evolution of Massive Black Hole Binaries. III. Binary Evolution in Collisional Nuclei
Creators: name: Merritt, David
name: Mikkola, Seppo
name: Szell, Andras
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: [Abridged] In galactic nuclei with sufficiently short relaxation times, binary supermassive black holes can evolve beyond their stalling radii via continued interaction with stars. We study this "collisional" evolutionary regime using both fully self-consistent N-body integrations and approximate Fokker-Planck models. The N-body integrations employ particle numbers up to 0.26M and a direct-summation potential solver; close interactions involving the binary are treated using a new implementation of the Mikkola-Aarseth chain regularization algorithm. Even at these large values of N, two-body scattering occurs at high enough rates in the simulations that they can not be simply scaled to the large-N regime of real galaxies. The Fokker-Planck model is used to bridge this gap; it includes, for the first time, binary-induced changes in the stellar density and potential. The Fokker-Planck model is shown to accurately reproduce the results of the N-body integrations, and is then extended to the much larger N regime of real galaxies. Analytic expressions are derived that accurately reproduce the time dependence of the binary semi-major axis as predicted by the Fokker-Planck model. Gravitational wave coalescence is shown to occur in <10 Gyr in nuclei with velocity dispersions below about 80 km/s. Formation of a core results from a competition between ejection of stars by the binary and re-supply of depleted orbits via two-body scattering. Mass deficits as large as ~4 times the binary mass are produced before coalescence. After the two black holes coalesce, a Bahcall-Wolf cusp appears around the single hole in one relaxation time, resulting in a nuclear density profile consisting of a flat core with an inner, compact cluster, similar to what is observed at the centers of low-luminosity spheroids.
description: 21 pages
Formation of aeolian ripples and sand sorting
Creators: name: Manukyan, Edgar
name: Prigozhin, Leonid
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a continuous model capable of demonstrating some salient features of aeolian sand ripples: the realistic asymmetric ripple shape, coarsening of ripple field at the nonlinear stage of ripple growth, saturation of ripple growth for homogeneous sand, typical size segregation of sand and formation of armoring layers of coarse particles on ripple crests and windward slopes if sand is inhomogeneous.
description: 37 pages, 10 figures, revised version
Dynamical Properties of the $σ$ Meson
Creators: name: Zheng, H. Q.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Studies on the dynamical properties of the $σ$ meson are reviewed and discussed. The important role of fundamental principles such as analyticity, unitarity and crossing symmetry played in the studies are stressed.
description: 5 pages, AIP style
Neel order in square and triangular lattice Heisenberg models
Creators: name: White, Steven R.
name: Chernyshev, A. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using examples of the square- and triangular-lattice Heisenberg models we demonstrate that the density matrix renormalization group method (DMRG) can be effectively used to study magnetic ordering in two-dimensional lattice spin models. We show that local quantities in DMRG calculations, such as the on-site magnetization M, should be extrapolated with the truncation error, not with its square root, as previously assumed. We also introduce convenient sequences of clusters, using cylindrical boundary conditions and pinning magnetic fields, which provide for rapidly converging finite-size scaling. This scaling behavior on our clusters is clarified using finite-size analysis of the effective sigma-model and finite-size spin-wave theory. The resulting greatly improved extrapolations allow us to determine the thermodynamic limit of M for the square lattice with an error comparable to quantum Monte Carlo. For the triangular lattice, we verify the existence of three-sublattice magnetic order, and estimate the order parameter to be M = 0.205(15).
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, typo fixed, reference added
Additional file 1 of Baseline plasma IL-18 may predict simvastatin treatment response in patients with ARDS: a secondary analysis of the HARP-2 randomised clinical trial
Creators: name: Boyle, Andrew James
name: Ferris, Peter
name: Bradbury, Ian
name: Conlon, John
name: Shankar-Hari, Manu
name: Rogers, Angela J.
name: O’Kane, Cecilia M.
name: McAuley, Daniel F.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Supplementary tables.
Molecular Aspect of Annelid Neuroendocrine system
Creators: name: Salzet, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Neurons and Cognition (q-bio.NC)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Hormonal processes along with enzymatic processing similar to that found in vertebrates occur in annelids. Amino acid sequence determination of annelids precursor gene products reveals the presence of the respective peptides that exhibit high sequence identity to their mammalian counterparts. Furthermore, these neuropeptides exert similar physiological function in annelids than the ones found in vertebrates. In this respect, the high conservation in course of evolution of these molecules families reflects their importance. Nevertheless, some specific neuropeptides to annelids or invertebrates have also been in these animals.
Preliminary Inter-comparison of AIS Data and Optimal Ship Tracks
Creators: name: Mannarini, Gianandrea
name: Carelli, Lorenzo
name: Zissis, Dimitris
name: Spiliopoulos, Giannis
name: Chatzikokolakis, Konstantinos
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019
Subjects: ship routes, AIS, optimization, waves, weather routing

description: Presentation given at TransNav2019, the 13th International Conference on Marine Navigation and Safety of Sea Transportation, Gdynia (Poland), http://transnav2019.am.gdynia.pl/, and awarded with the "best presentation award".

Related paper is: http://www.transnav.eu/Article_Preliminary_Inter-comparison_of_,49,874.html

Funding: H-2020 AtlantOS and BigDataOcean, IT-HR Interreg GUTTA.
Coulomb gauge approach to scalar hadrons
Creators: name: Cotanch, Stephen R.
name: General, Ignacio J.
name: Wang, Ping
name: Llanes-Estrada, Felipe J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Coulomb gauge model, involving an effective QCD Hamiltonian in the Coulomb gauge, is applied to scalar hadrons. Mass predictions are presented for both conventional q-qbar meson and q-qbar-q-qbar tetra-quark states. Mixing matrix elements between these states were also computed and diagonalized to provide a reasonable description of the scalar spectrum below 2 GeV.
description: Prepared for the Workshop on Scalar Mesons and Related Topics, Lisbon, 11-16 Feburary 2008
Study of p-type silicon MOS capacitors at HL-LHC radiation levels through cobalt-60 gamma source and TCAD simulation
Creators: name: Asenov, Patrick
name: Assiouras, Panagiotis
name: Boziari, Argiro
name: Filippou, Konstantinos
name: Kazas, Ioannis
name: Kyriakis, Aristotelis
name: Loukas, Dimitrios
name: Morozzi, Arianna
name: Moscatelli, Francesco
name: Passeri, Daniele
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: During the era of the High Luminosity LHC (HL-LHC) the devices in its experiments will be subjected to increased radiation levels with high fluxes of neutrons and charged hadrons, especially in the inner detectors. A systematic program of radiation tests with neutrons and charged hadrons is being carried out by the CMS and ATLAS Collaborations in view of the upgrade of the experiments, in order to cope with the higher luminosity at HL-LHC and the associated increase in the pile-up events and radiation fluxes. In this work, results from a complementary radiation study with $^{60}$Co-$γ$ photons are presented. The doses are equivalent to those that the outer layers of the silicon tracker systems of the two big LHC experiments will be subjected to. The devices in this study are float-zone oxygenated p-type MOS capacitors. The results of CV measurements on these devices are presented as a function of the total absorbed radiation dose following a specific annealing protocol. The measurements are compared with the results of a TCAD simulation.