cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Domestication of wolves & 'Intimate with madness': metaphors for the mind and mental illness in confessional poetry
Creators: name: Craven, Timothy Peter
Publisher: name: The University of Edinburgh
Year: 2021
Subjects: poetry
neuroscience and psychiatry
rootedness
Anne Sexton
Sylvia Plath
Robert Lowell
John Berryman
mental illness
metaphors
creative writing

description: ‘The Domestication of Wolves’ is a collection of poems written, revised, and assembled during the four-year period of my PhD. My writing has been informed and guided by the work of the Confessional poets Anne Sexton, Sylvia Plath, Robert Lowell, and John Berryman, particularly by their construction and deployment of richly figurative language to characterise their inner psyches and intense emotional extremes. By drawing on the knowledge and vocabulary gained from my early career as a neuroscientist specialising in psychiatry within the pharmaceutical industry, I attempt to construct new metaphors and reshape other, more established, metaphors to explore the subjective and intangible qualities of human relationships and psychology. I also employ the Confessional lyric ‘I’ in my exploration of distance, displacement, rootedness, masculinity, blue-collar work, and class – themes to which I have found myself repeatedly drawn. Additionally, I have included a long poem, ‘Three Journeys to Harris’, which I wrote while writer-in-residence at the Isle of Harris Distillery. The poem is built by layering metaphors depicting the maturation process of whisky and setting them against images of Harris’s unique landscape and culture. While individual poems wrestle with a wide variety of subjects – from a fictional disease that turns limbs to spiders to the contemplation of what it means to be a good son – I hope that the collection as a whole offers the reader a satisfying balance between inner and outer worlds, joy and solemnity, and absence and embodied physicality. In the accompanying critical essay, ‘“Intimate with Madness”: Metaphors for the Mind and Mental Illness in Confessional Poetry’, I perform close readings, predominantly of the poetry of Anne Sexton but also of the work of her fellow Confessional poets Sylvia Plath, Robert Lowell, and John Berryman. In reading the work of these poets, I argue that their mental illness is often framed in terms of the conceptual metaphors of ‘madness as destination’ and ‘madness as possession’. I explore how each poet negotiates these two conceptual metaphors in different ways, sometimes adhering to the established connotations and sometimes dissenting from them to create distinct literary effects that convey novel insight into evasive, individual pathologies.
Titelei
Creators: name: Redaktion, Die
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Suzaku Observation of the Black Hole Candidate MAXI J1836-194 in a Hard/Intermediate Spectral State
Creators: name: Reis, Rubens C.
name: Miller, Jon M.
name: Reynolds, Mark T.
name: Fabian, Andrew C.
name: Walton, Dominic J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a Suzaku observation of the newly discovered X-ray binary MAXI J1836-194. The source is found to be in the hard/intermediate spectral state and displays a clear and strong relativistically broadened iron emission line. We fit the spectra with a variety of phenomenological, as well as physically motivated disk reflection models, and find that the breadth and strength of the iron line is always characteristic of emission within a few gravitational radii around a black hole. This result is independent of the continuum used and strongly points toward the central object in MAXI J1836-194 being a stellar mass black hole rotating with a spin of $a=0.88\pm0.03$ (90% confidence). We discuss this result in the context of spectral state definitions, physical changes (or lack thereof) in the accretion disk and on the potential importance of the accretion disk corona in state transitions.
description: 11 pages, 9 Figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ
Study protocol: a cluster randomized controlled trial of web-based decision support tools for increasing BRCA1/2 genetic counseling referral in primary care
Creators: name: Silverman, Thomas B.
name: Vanegas, Alejandro
name: Marte, Awilda
name: Mata, Jennie
name: Sin, Margaret
name: Ramirez, Juan C. R.
name: Tsai, Wei-Yann
name: Crew, Katherine
name: Kukafka, Rita
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Breast--Cancer--Prevention
Decision support systems
Genetic counselors
Medical care--Decision making

description: Background
                BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations confer a substantial breast risk of developing breast cancer to those who carry them. For this reason, the United States Preventative Services Task Force (USPSTF) has recommended that all women be screened in the primary care setting for a family history indicative of a mutation, and women with strong family histories of breast or ovarian cancer be referred to genetic counseling. However, few high-risk women are being routinely screened and fewer are referred to genetic counseling. To address this need we have developed two decision support tools that are integrated into clinical care.

                Method
                This study is a cluster randomized controlled trial of high-risk patients and their health care providers. Patient-provider dyads will be randomized to receive either standard education that is supplemented with the patient-facing decision aid, RealRisks, and the provider-facing Breast Cancer Risk Navigation Toolbox (BNAV) or standard education alone. We will assess these tools’ effectiveness in promoting genetic counseling uptake and informed and shared decision making about genetic testing.

                Discussion
                If found to be effective, these tools can help integrate genomic risk assessment into primary care and, ultimately, help expand access to risk-appropriate breast cancer prevention options to a broader population of high-risk women.

                Trial registration
                This trial is retrospectively registered with ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:
                    NCT03470402

                  : 20 March 2018.
title: Ontology-Enhanced Automated Machine Learning
Creators: name: Davies, Cooper T.S.
Publisher: name: Science
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Automated Machine Learning
subject: Ontology
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Ontologies
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science

description: This thesis addresses the challenge of bridging the gap between traditional Problem-Specific Machine Learning (PSML) and Automated Machine Learning (AutoML) systems. While PSML offers high accuracy but demands substantial expertise, AutoML aims to auto-mate the process of building a machine learning (ML) model but often lacks domain-specific knowledge. To address this, we propose Ontology-Enhanced AutoML, a novel approach that integrates domain knowledge from ontologies into the AutoML pipeline. We first examine the current landscape of AutoML, highlighting the complexities faced by a system in selecting appropriate algorithms and hyperparameters. We identify the limitations of existing AutoML systems, particularly their blind reliance on datasets, which often leads to poor performance and lengthy training times. Our thesis presents experiments demonstrating the effectiveness of Ontology-Enhanced AutoML in mitigating these challenges. By incorporating mechanisms for ontology-based feature extraction and example filtering, we demonstrate significant improvements in accu-racy and optimization time compared to traditional AutoML. These results highlight the potential of Ontology-Enhanced AutoML to provide a wide range of systems lying between the extremes of PSML and AutoML. This thesis contributes not only a technical solution but also a conceptual framework for understanding ML as a spectrum. We discuss implications for future research and the potential for further advancements in bridging the gap between domain expertise and ML proficiency.
Additional file 1 of Re-interpretation of the mechanism of type 2 diabetes mellitus based on a framework of psychosomatic medicine: a real-world study
Creators: name: Min, Wenjiao
name: Zhou, Bo
name: Li, Zhengyu
name: Tang, Nie
name: Zhang, Xu
name: Wang, Jinxiang
name: Chen, Yuexin
name: Zhou, Yaling
name: A, Ruhan
name: Tang, Lei
name: Li, Gang
name: Sun, Xueli
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary table 1. Comparisons of demographic data among the five groups. Supplementary table 2. Comparisons of the scores of five factors of NEO-FFI among the five groups. Supplementary table 3. Comparisons of hormonelevels and abnormal rates among the five groups. Supplementary figure 1. Comparisons of abnormal rates of neuroendocrine axes among the five case groups.
title: Single-player to Two-player Knowledge Transfer in Atari 2600 Games
Creators: name: Saadat, Kimiya
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Reinforcement Learning
subject: Transfer Learning
subject: Game-Playing AI
subject: Atari 2600
subject: Deep Q Networks
subject: Multiplayer Games
subject: Deep Reinforcement Learning
subject: Deep Learning
subject: Computer Science
subject: Artificial Intelligence

description: Playing two-player games using reinforcement learning and self-play can be challenging due to the complexity of two-player environments and the potential instability in the training process. It is proposed that a reinforcement learning algorithm can train more efficiently and achieve improved performance in a two-player game by leveraging the knowledge from the single-player version of the same game. This study examines the proposed idea in ten different Atari 2600 environments using the Atari 2600 RAM as the input state. The advantages of using transfer learning from a single-player training process over training in a two-player setting from scratch are discussed, and the results are demonstrated in several metrics, such as the training time and average total reward. Finally, a method for calculating RAM complexity and its relationship to performance after transfer is discussed. Results show that in most cases transferred agent is performing better than the agent trained from scratch while taking less time to train. Moreover, it is shown that RAM complexity can be used as a weak predictor to predict the transfer's effectiveness.
neue Rekonstruktionszeichnung der Igeler Säule
Creators: name: Zahn, Eberhard
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
title: Data-driven needle puncture detection for the delivery of urgent medical care in space
Creators: name: L'Orsa, Rachael
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Emergency medicine
subject: Needle thoracostomy
subject: Data-driven puncture detection
subject: Signal processing
subject: Optimization
subject: Needle instrumentation
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical
subject: Medicine and Surgery

description: Needle thoracostomy (NT) is a surgical procedure that treats one of the most preventable causes of trauma-related death: dangerous accumulations of air between the chest wall and the lungs. However, needle-tip overshoot of the target space can result in the inadvertent puncture of critical structures like the heart. This type of complication is fatal without urgent surgical care, which is not available in resource-poor environments like space. Since NT is done blind, operators rely on tool sensations to identify when the needle has reached its target. Needle instrumentation could enable puncture notifications to help operators limit tool-tip overshoot, but such a solution requires reliable puncture detection from manual (i.e., variable-velocity) needle insertion data streams. Data-driven puncture-detection (DDPD) algorithms are appropriate for this application, but their performance has historically been unacceptably low for use in safety-critical applications. This work contributes towards the development of an intelligent device for manual NT assistance by proposing two novel DDPD algorithms. Three data sets are collected that provide needle forces and displacements acquired during insertions into ex vivo porcine tissue analogs for the human chest, and factors affecting DDPD algorithm performance are analyzed in these data. Puncture event features are examined for each sensor, and the suitability of both accelerometer measurements and diffuse reflectance measurements are evaluated within the context of NT. Finally, DDPD ensembles are proposed that yield a 5.1-fold improvement in precision as compared to the traditional force-only DDPD approach. These results lay a foundation for improving the urgent delivery of percutaneous procedures in space and other resource-poor settings.
Nutrient foramen location on the laminae provides a landmark for pedicle screw entry: a cadaveric study
Creators: name: Oshina, Masahito
name: Oshima, Yasushi
name: Matsubayashi, Yoshitaka
name: Taniguchi, Yuki
name: Chikuda, Hirotaka
name: Riew, Kiehyun D.
name: Tanaka, Sakae
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Bone screws (Orthopedics)
Cervical vertebrae
Thoracic vertebrae
Orthopedic surgery

description: Background
                Nutrient foramina are often encountered around the entry point of pedicle screws. Further, while probing the pedicle for pedicle screw insertion around the nutrient foramen, bleeding from the probe insertion hole is often observed. The purpose of this study was to investigate the frequency of occurrence of nutrient foramina, the association between the nutrient foramen and pedicle, and the safety and accuracy of cervical and thoracic pedicle screw placement using the nutrient foramen as the entry point.

                Methods
                We identified the location of the nutrient foramina for the dorsal branches of the segmental artery and their anatomical association to the pedicles and bony landmarks in the vertebrae for C3–T12 in seven cadavers. We also determined the frequency with which the nutrient foramina were present in 119 cadaveric vertebrae. We identified the pedicle location, base of the superior articular facet, and lateral border of laminae with respect to the nutrient foramen.

                Results
                The overall presence of the nutrient foramina was 63% (150/238) in the specimens, with 60% (42/70) and 64% (108/168) identifiable in the cervical and thoracic vertebrae, respectively. In the cervical vertebrae, the nutrient foramen was located on the outer wall of the pedicle and was positioned between the cephalad and caudal walls. In the thoracic spine, 98% (106/108) nutrient foramina were located inside the pedicle walls.

                Conclusions
                Our study findings confirm that the location of the nutrient foramen can be used for identifying the entry point for pedicle screws. In the cervical vertebrae, the nutrient foramina are located lateral to pedicle but within the cranial and caudal margins. In the thoracic vertebrae, the nutrient foramina are located in the medial and caudal regions of the pedicle. Thus, to decrease the risk of overshoot, the entry point for thoracic pedicle screws should be positioned a few millimeters cephalad and lateral to the nutrient foramen.
Seitenrelief eines Grabpfeilers aus St. Matthias in Trier
Creators: name: Cüppers, Heinz
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Energy efficient and secure wireless communication systems
Creators: name: Ng, Wing Kwan
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: Orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA), multiple--input multiple--output (MIMO), and base station (BS) cooperation are the core techniques for the next generation wireless communication systems. As the communication systems evolve, both service providers and users are demanding not only high data rates, but also energy efficiency and data security. As a result, it is necessary to design novel resource allocation algorithms that meet these new needs. This dissertation develops four resource allocation algorithms which are tailored for different design goals and communication environments. For systems employing the combination of OFDMA and decode-and-forward (DF) relaying technologies, we propose a novel resource allocation algorithm for secure communication. The proposed algorithm takes into account artificial noise generation to combat a passive multiple antenna eavesdropper and the effects of imperfect channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT). Subsequently, we investigate the energy efficiency of OFDMA systems which also provide communication security. We formulate the resource allocation algorithm design as a non-convex optimization problem. By exploiting the properties of fractional programming, the considered non-convex optimization problem is transformed to an equivalent convex optimization problem with a tractable solution, which can be obtained with an iterative algorithm. Thirdly, we study resource allocation for energy efficient communication in OFDMA downlink networks with a large number of transmit antennas. Our proposed resource allocation algorithm takes into account the circuit power consumption, imperfect CSIT, a minimum data rate requirement, and a maximum tolerable channel outage probability. Lastly, we propose a resource allocation algorithm for energy efficient communication in OFDMA downlink networks with cooperative BSs. The resource allocation algorithm design problem is formulated as a non-convex optimization problem which takes into account the circuit power consumption, the limited backhaul capacity, and the minimum required data rate for joint BS zero-forcing beamforming (ZFBF) transmission. By using the concept of perturbation function, we show that the duality gap in the considered system is always zero under some general conditions, despite the non-convexity of the primal problem. Thus, an efficient closed-form power allocation solution for maximization of the energy efficiency of data transmission is derived.
Efficient and broadband optical parametric four wave mixing in chalcogenide-PMMA hybrid microwires
Creators: name: Ahmad, Raja
name: Rochette, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The recent development of devices based on novel nonlinear materials like chalcogenides (ChGs), silicon (Si) and other semi-conductors has revolutionized the field of nonlinear photonics [1,2,3]. Among the nonlinear effects observed in these materials, four-wave mixing (FWM) is the process that finds the most applications including wavelength conversion [4], optical regeneration [5,6], optical delay [7], time-domain demultiplexing[8], temporal cloaking[9] and negative refraction[10]. Although FWM has been observed in several media including chalcogenides [11,12,13,14], silicon[15, 16], bismuth [17] and silica [18,19], there is a continued quest for devices that realize efficient and broadband FWM while offering compactness, low-power consumption and compatibility with optical fibers. Here, we demonstrate the fabrication of 10 cm long polymer cladded chalcogenide (As2Se3) microwires to realize FWM-led sub watt threshold (70-370 mW) wavelength conversion with a 12 dB bandwidth as broad as 190 nm, and conversion efficiency as high as 21 dB. This represents a 3-30 \times increase in bandwidth and 30-50 dB improvement in conversion efficiency over previous demonstrations in tapered and microstructured chalcogenide fibers [11,13,14]. These properties, combined with low loss (< 4 dB), ease of fabrication, and the transparency of As2Se3 from near to mid infrared regions (1 15 \mum) [20] make this device a promising building block for lasers, optical instrumentation and optical communication devices.
Vase caliciforme de Lezoux à Trèves
Creators: name: Vertet, Hugues
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Random graphs with bounded maximum degree: asymptotic structure and a logical limit law
Creators: name: Koponen, Vera
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 05C80, 03C13

description: For any fixed integer $R \geq 2$ we characterise the typical structure of undirected graphs with vertices $1, ..., n$ and maximum degree $R$, as $n$ tends to infinity. The information is used to prove that such graphs satisfy a labelled limit law for first-order logic. If $R \geq 5$ then also an unlabelled limit law holds.
Characterization of kinase gene expression and splicing profile in prostate cancer with RNA-Seq data
Creators: name: Feng, Huijuan
name: Li, Tingting
name: Zhang, Xuegong
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Prostate--Cancer
subject: Gene expression
subject: RNA splicing
subject: Protein kinases
subject: Genomics
subject: Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Background
                Alternative splicing is a ubiquitous post-transcriptional regulation mechanism in most eukaryotic genes. Aberrant splicing isoforms and abnormal isoform ratios can contribute to cancer development. Kinase genes are key regulators of multiple cellular processes. Many kinases are found to be oncogenic and have been intensively investigated in the study of cancer and drugs. RNA-Seq provides a powerful technology for genome-wide study of alternative splicing in cancer besides the conventional gene expression profiling. But this potential has not been fully demonstrated yet.

                Methods
                We characterized the transcriptome profile of prostate cancer using RNA-Seq data from viewpoints of both differential expression and differential splicing, with an emphasis on kinase genes and their splicing variations. We built a pipeline to conduct differential expression and differential splicing analysis, followed by functional enrichment analysis. We performed kinase domain analysis to identify the functionally important candidate kinase gene in prostate cancer, and calculated the expression levels of isoforms to explore the function of isoform switching of kinase genes in prostate cancer.

                Results
                We identified distinct gene groups from differential expression and splicing analyses, which suggested that alternative splicing adds another level to gene expression regulation. Enriched GO terms of differentially expressed and spliced kinase genes were found to play different roles in regulation of cellular metabolism. Function analysis on differentially spliced kinase genes showed that differentially spliced exons of these genes are significantly enriched in protein kinase domains. Among them, we found that gene CDK5 has isoform switching between prostate cancer and benign tissues, which may affect cancer development by changing androgen receptor (AR) phosphorylation. The observation was validated in another RNA-Seq dataset of prostate cancer cell lines.

                Conclusions
                Our work characterized the expression and splicing profiles of kinase genes in prostate cancer and proposed a hypothetical model on isoform switching of CDK5 and AR phosphorylation in prostate cancer. These findings bring new understanding to the role of alternatively spliced kinases in prostate cancer and also demonstrate the use of RNA-Seq data in studying alternative splicing in cancer.
Finite-size scaling analysis of the distributions of pseudo-critical temperatures in spin glasses
Creators: name: Billoire, A.
name: Fernandez, L. A.
name: Maiorano, A.
name: Marinari, E.
name: Martin-Mayor, V.
name: Yllanes, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using the results of large scale numerical simulations we study the probability distribution of the pseudo critical temperature for the three-dimensional Edwards-Anderson Ising spin glass and for the fully connected Sherrington-Kirkpatrick model. We find that the behavior of our data is nicely described by straightforward finite-size scaling relations.
description: 23 pages, 9 figures. Version accepted for publication in J. Stat. Mech
Vier Prägestempel der Trierer Münze aus der Mosel
Creators: name: Cüppers, Heinz
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Spätantike Chorschranken in der St.-Matthias-Kirche zu Trier
Creators: name: Cüppers, Heinz
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Additional file 16 of Evolution and function of developmentally dynamic pseudogenes in mammals
Creators: name: Qian, Sheng Hu
name: Chen, Lu
name: Xiong, Yu-Li
name: Chen, Zhen-Xia
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 16. Review history.
Discovery of very-high-energy gamma-ray emission from the vicinity of PSR J1831-952 with H.E.S.S
Creators: name: Sheidaei, F.
name: Djannati-Ataï, A.
name: Gast, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the latest discovery of an extended Very High Energy (VHE) gamma-ray source near the 67 ms pulsar PSR J1831-0952 during the H.E.S.S. Galactic Plane Survey (GPS). The dispersion measure distance of the pulsar (4.3 kpc) would imply that less than 1% of its spin-down energy is required to provide the observed VHE luminosity of the source. No other plausible counterparts have yet been found through preliminary multi- wavelength searches. The most likely scenario is that the VHE emission originates from the -yet unseen at other wavelengths-wind nebula of PSR J1831-0952. If so this would constitute another case of a gamma-ray discovered pulsar wind nebula.
description: 2011 Fermi Symposium proceedings - eConf C110509
Climate drivers of vector-borne diseases in Africa and their relevance to control programmes
Creators: name: Thomson, Madeleine C.
name: Muñoz, Ángel G.
name: Cousin, Remi
name: Shumake-Guillemot, Joy
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Communicable diseases
Climatic changes--Health aspects
Environmental health
Vector control

description: Background
                Climate-based disease forecasting has been proposed as a potential tool in climate change adaptation for the health sector. Here we explore the relevance of climate data, drivers and predictions for vector-borne disease control efforts in Africa.

                Methods
                Using data from a number of sources we explore rainfall and temperature across the African continent, from seasonality to variability at annual, multi-decadal and timescales consistent with climate change. We give particular attention to three regions defined as WHO-TDR study zones in Western, Eastern and Southern Africa. Our analyses include 1) time scale decomposition to establish the relative importance of year-to-year, decadal and long term trends in rainfall and temperature; 2) the impact of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on rainfall and temperature at the Pan African scale; 3) the impact of ENSO on the climate of Tanzania using high resolution climate products and 4) the potential predictability of the climate in different regions and seasons using Generalized Relative Operating Characteristics. We use these analyses to review the relevance of climate forecasts for applications in vector borne disease control across the continent.

                Results
                Timescale decomposition revealed long term warming in all three regions of Africa – at the level of 0.1–0.3 °C per decade. Decadal variations in rainfall were apparent in all regions and particularly pronounced in the Sahel and during the East African long rains (March–May). Year-to-year variability in both rainfall and temperature, in part associated with ENSO, were the dominant signal for climate variations on any timescale. Observed climate data and seasonal climate forecasts were identified as the most relevant sources of climate information for use in early warning systems for vector-borne diseases but the latter varied in skill by region and season.

                Conclusions
                Adaptation to the vector-borne disease risks of climate variability and change is a priority for government and civil society in African countries. Understanding rainfall and temperature variations and trends at multiple timescales and their potential predictability is a necessary first step in the incorporation of relevant climate information into vector-borne disease control decision-making.
Additional file 1 of Effect of pharmacological treatment on outcomes of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: an updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials
Creators: name: Lin, Yaowang
name: Cai, Zhigang
name: Yuan, Jie
name: Liu, Huadong
name: Pang, Xinli
name: Chen, Qiuling
name: Tang, Xinzheng
name: Geng, Qingshan
name: Dong, Shaohong
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Medicine
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Final search strategy for PubMed. Table 2. Final search strategy for Clinical Trial gov of Controlled Trials. Table 3. Final search strategy for Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials
Exact and Numerical Results on Entanglement Entropy in (5+1)-Dimensional CFT
Creators: name: Safdi, Benjamin R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We calculate the shape dependence of entanglement entropy in (5+1)-dimensional conformal field theory in terms of the extrinsic curvature of the entangling surface, the opening angles of possible conical singularities, and the conformal anomaly coefficients, which are required to obey a single constraint. An important special case of this result is given by the interacting (2,0) theory describing a large number of coincident M5-branes. To derive the more general result we rely crucially on the holographic prescription for calculating entanglement entropy using Lovelock gravity. We test the conjecture by relating the entanglement entropy of the free massless (1,0) hypermultiplet in (5+1)-dimensions to the entanglement entropy of the free massive chiral multiplet in (2+1)-dimensions, which we calculate numerically using lattice techniques. We also present a numerical calculation of the (2+1)-dimensional renormalized entanglement entropy for the free massive Dirac fermion, which is shown to be consistent with the F-theorem.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures; v2 refs added; v3 refs added, minor improvements, version published in JHEP
title: Drivers of Spatial Variability of Gases (Oxygen, Carbon Dioxide, Methane), and Fish Distributions in Two Large Ice-Covered High Arctic Lakes
Creators: name: Zunti, Jamieson John
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physical Geography
subject: Hydrology
subject: Spatial Variability
subject: Limnology
subject: Methane Accumulation
subject: Carbon Dioxide Accumulation
subject: Fish Distributions
subject: Biogeochemistry
subject: Physical Geography

description: Lakes are significant contributors to global sources of greenhouse gases (GHGs), estimated to emit 20% the equivalent carbon dioxide (CO2) produced via fossil fuels, and 10-20% of natural methane (CH4) emissions. Although approximately 50% of all lakes are distributed in high latitudes, a critical lack of studies in High Arctic environments represents a major gap in our understanding of lakes in the global carbon cycle. Compounding this, morphological variability of larger, often irregular lakes, may lead to heterogenous GHG production throughout. However, the overwinter accumulation of potentially variable GHG stores remains poorly understood, rendering High Arctic lake emissions both temporally sensitive and difficult to estimate globally come spring. Furthermore, existing studies typically rely heavily on extrapolation, reporting mean lake GHG concentrations from few samples, failing to account for possible GHG heterogeneity. This necessitates a study of sufficient spatial resolution to capture possible heterogeneity and identify its key drivers. Here, we present a robust dataset studying GHG variability in two large, ice-covered lakes in the High Arctic. We collected water samples from 62 sites in May 2023 to measure CO2, CH4 and DO (dissolved oxygen) along with ancillary variables such as conductivity and temperature, and deployed an underwater camera and sonar transducer to examine bottom characteristics (e.g. sediment properties, plant coverage) and observe fish distributions. We utilized this data to hypothesize key spatial drivers of GHG heterogeneity in ice-covered lakes. We observed high variability both within and between each lake for all gases of study. CH4 and CO2 concentrations ranged 0.01-60.6 μmol L-1, and 210-1042 μmol L-1 within our lakes respectively. Sites with high GHG concentrations typically possessed soft sediments and coincided with watershed junctions including stream entrances, exits, and complex geography (e.g. clusters of small islands). Ultimately, we hypothesize that heterogenous GHG concentrations reflect variances in sediment activity driven by watershed inputs, lake morphology, lake volume-to-sediment ratio, and watershed size. Unique to existing literature, this study shows the importance of accounting for heterogeneity when estimating under-ice GHG accumulation in High Artic lakes, and the resolution of our data suggests a fundamental challenge for emissive upscaling lies in fine-scale GHG variability.
On global properties of solutions of some nonlinear Schrödinger-type equations
Creators: name: Koo, Eva Hang
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: The Schrödinger equation, an equation central to quantum mechanics, is a dispersive equation which means, very roughly speaking, that its solutions have a wave-like nature, and spread out over time. We will consider global behaviour of solutions of two nonlinear variations of the Schrödinger equation. In particular, we consider the nonlinear magnetic Schrödinger equation. [Formulas omitted] We show that under suitable assumptions on the electric and magnetic potentials, if the initial data is small enough in H¹, then the solution of the above equation decomposes uniquely into a standing wave part, which converges as t → ∞, and a dispersive part, which scatters. We also consider the Schrödinger map equation into the 2-sphere. We obtain a global well-posedness result for this equation with radially symmetric initial data without any size restriction on the initial data. Our technique involves translating the Schrödinger map equation into a cubic, non-local Schrödinger equation via the generalized Hasimoto transform. There, we also show global well-posedness for the non-local Schrödinger equation with radially-symmetric initial data in the critical space L²(ℝ²), using the framework of Kenig-Merle and Killip-Tao-Visan.
Time-reversal invariant realization of the Weyl semimetal phase
Creators: name: Halász, Gábor B.
name: Balents, Leon
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a realization of the Weyl semimetal phase that is invariant under time reversal and occurs due to broken inversion symmetry. We consider both a simple superlattice model and a more realistic tight-binding model describing an experimentally reasonable HgTe/CdTe multilayer structure. The two models have the same underlying symmetry, therefore their low-energy features are equivalent. We find a Weyl semimetal phase between the normal insulator and the topological insulator phases that exists for a finite range of the system parameters and exhibits a finite number of Weyl points with robust band touching at the Fermi level. This phase is experimentally characterized by a strong conductivity anisotropy and topological surface states. The principal conductivities change in a complementary fashion as the system parameters are varied, and the surface states only exist in a region of momentum space that is determined by the positions of the Weyl points.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures, published version with infinitesimal changes
title: Essays on Corporate Strategic Adaptation
Creators: name: Simoes, Sean Cyril Neil
Publisher: name: Haskayne School of Business
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: International Business
subject: Corporate Strategy
subject: Reconfiguration
subject: Sustainability
subject: BOP
subject: Language
subject: India
subject: Business Administration--Management

description: The essays in this dissertation utilize transaction cost theory (TCT) and complementary frameworks, namely the resource-based view and dynamic capabilities to explore how firms adapt to their business environment. In Chapter 1, I challenge the prevailing notion that multinational enterprises (MNEs) must adapt to conditions in ‘Bottom of the Pyramid’ (BOP) markets by creating informal institutions. Rather, using the case of India’s digital and financial initiatives, I argue that MNEs should work with governments to develop formal institutions, and leverage these institutions to accurately assess the reliability of BOP customers. In Chapter 2, I explore how MNEs have adapted their international strategies in response to vulnerability created by macro-level decoupling between the U.S. and China. Utilizing elements of the Profiting from Innovation (PFI) framework, I find that the framework helps explain the MNE’s position in the China market. This position along with elements of the PFI framework in turn helps explain firm responses. The remaining chapters explore cases of how firms have adapted in different ways. In Chapter 3, I discuss how Volkswagen failed to adapt its products to the U.S. market which put in place stringent emissions standards, with bounded reliability coupled with a disconnect between headquarters and U.S. personnel, and a lack of controls, contributing to a sustainability crisis. In Chapter 4, I explore how MNE Cummins adapted its global diversity and inclusion strategy and mandated the use of English as a common language in its Indian subsidiaries and joint ventures, including on the shop floor, with benefits for individuals as well as the Indian entities. And in Chapter 5, I explore how Corning, another large MNE, built and leveraged its resources and capabilities to adapt to changing markets, by launching and growing new product families. Using a sample of 23 product families, I find two combinations of causal conditions that help explain this capability to reconfigure Corning’s business. In summary, this dissertation utilizes TCT thinking and associated frameworks to contribute to an enhanced understanding of strategic adaptation by large firms.
[römische] Mosaik von der Fausenburg in Trier
Creators: name: Binsfeld, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
On the Equality of Symbolic and Ordinary Powers of Binomial Edge Ideals
Creators: name: Jahani, Iman
name: Bayati, Shamila
name: Rahmati, Farhad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Commutative Algebra (math.AC)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we investigate whether the symbolic and ordinary powers of a binomial edge ideal $J_{G}$ are equal. We show that the equality $J_{G}^{t}=J_{G}^{(t)}$ holds for every $t \geq 1$ when $|Ass(J_{G})|=2$. Moreover, if $G$ is a caterpillar tree, then one has the same equality. Finally, we characterize the generalized caterpillar graphs which the equality of symbolic and ordinary powers of $J_{G}$ occurs.
Long-time asymptotics for the defocusing integrable discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation
Creators: name: Yamane, Hideshi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 35Q55, 35Q15

description: We investigate the long-time asymptotics for the defocusing integrable discrete nonlinear Schrödinger equation by means of the Deift-Zhou nonlinear steepest descent method. The leading term is a sum of two terms that oscillate with decay of order $t^{-1/2}$.
description: 36 pages, 6 figures
title: Enquête PIAAC 2022- 2023
title: Plan de sondage, pondération, estimation de variance et analyse du biais dû à la non-réponse
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Office fédéral de la statistique
Publisher: name: Office fédéral de la statistique
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/027h8t796
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2025

description: L’enquête PIAAC fournit une vue d’ensemble des niveaux de compétences en lecture, calcul et résolution adaptative de problèmes parmi la population permanente de Suisse âgée de 16 à 65 ans, tout en permettant des comparaisons internationales. L’enquête PIAAC est une enquête complexe dont certaines particularités ont nécessité des traitements méthodologiques appropriés, aussi bien au niveau du plan de sondage que des méthodes d’estimation utilisées. Le plan de sondage tient notamment compte des régions linguistiques de la Suisse afin de permettre des exploitations à ce niveau d’agrégation. D’autre part, l’enquête étant réalisée en face-à-face, le plan de sondage a contribué à sa faisabilité sur le terrain en favorisant une certaine proximité géographique dans les strates. Elle est réalisée auprès d’un échantillon brut de 22 091 personnes, avec un taux de réponse d’environ 30%. Une attention particulière a été portée sur la recherche de variables auxiliaires pertinentes pour la pondération, et différentes sources ont été considérées informations sociodémographiques contenues dans le cadre de sondage, données AVS en lien avec les revenus, données du relevé structurel, etc. Les R2 de la régression sur les variables de calage pour trois variables clés de l’enquête se situent aux alentours de 36%, ce qui entraîne en règle générale des gains appréciables sur la variance des estimations. De plus, la non-réponse liée à la thématique de l’enquête (literacy related non-response) est identifiée et fait l’objet d’un traitement spécifique. L’estimation de la variance se base sur des réplications des poids des unités de l’échantillon. Les jeux de poids ainsi produits peuvent être livrés aux utilisateurs qui sont alors en mesure de calculer la variance de n’importe quel paramètre de façon très simple, sans qu’il soit nécessaire de leur livrer les variables auxiliaires, parfois sensibles du point de vue de la protection des données, ayant permis d’aboutir aux poids finaux. Enfin, l’application de ces méthodes a été complétée par une analyse du biais potentiel lié à la non-réponse qui, si un risque de biais ne peut pas être écarté, livre néanmoins des éléments très rassurants quant à son étendue.
Arbeiten und Beobachtungen an der Igeler Säule
Creators: name: Cüppers, Heinz
Publisher: name: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
Year: 2021

description: Trierer Zeitschrift - Archäologie und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete, Bd. 31 (1968): Trierer Zeitschrift : für Geschichte und Kunst des Trierer Landes und seiner Nachbargebiete
title: Advancing Indigenous-Centred Dementia Care: A Qualitative Study
Creators: name: Ody, Meagan
Publisher: name: Cumming School of Medicine
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Indigenous health
subject: dementia
subject: brain health
subject: intervention
subject: Indigenous methodology
subject: qualitative research
subject: Public Health

description: Indigenous populations in Canada are experiencing increased rates of dementia compared to non-Indigenous populations, yet there remains a lack of culturally safe, Indigenous-centred dementia care. The current dementia care system is ineffective and does not address the care and treatment needs of Indigenous people living with dementia and their care partners. The aims of this project were to gain an understanding of the experiences of dementia for Indigenous people living with dementia, their care partners, families, and communities and to determine the foundational principles of culturally safe approaches to Indigenous-centred dementia care. This work is framed within an Indigenous worldview and informed by Indigenous paradigms of relationality. This research used a Métis methodological approach, Keeoukaywin (The Visiting Way) and qualitative semi-structured interviews to collect in-depth data with 12 participants throughout Alberta. Participants included Indigenous people living with dementia, care partners, and community members and used thematic analysis to create a framework to improve culturally safe dementia care. The framework includes three domains that inform Indigenous-centred dementia care including relationality, being well, and safety. Each of these three domains include subdomains including social, cultural, and physical characteristics informed by participant experiences. This framework provides a foundation that can be integrated into the creation of an Indigenous-centred dementia care approach.