cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
A semiquantal approach to finite systems of interacting particles
Creators: name: Borgonovi, F.
name: Celardo, G.
name: Izrailev, F. M.
name: Casati, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Condensed Matter (cond-mat)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A novel approach is suggested for the statistical description of quantum systems of interacting particles. The key point of this approach is that a typical eigenstate in the energy representation (shape of eigenstates, SE) has a well defined classical analog which can be easily obtained from the classical equations of motion. Therefore, the occupation numbers for single-particle states can be represented as a convolution of the classical SE with the quantum occupation number operator for non-interacting particles. The latter takes into account the wavefunctions symmetry and depends on the unperturbed energy spectrum only. As a result, the distribution of occupation numbers $n_s$ can be numerically found for a very large number of interacting particles. Using the model of interacting spins we demonstrate that this approach gives a correct description of $n_s$ even in a deep quantum region with few single-particle orbitals.
description: 4 pages, 2 figures
Parametric Sparse Bayesian Dictionary Learning for Multiple Sources Localization with Propagation Parameters Uncertainty and Nonuniform Noise
Creators: name: You, Kangyong
name: Guo, Wenbin
name: Peng, Tao
name: Liu, Yueliang
name: Zuo, Peiliang
name: Wang, Wenbo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Received signal strength (RSS) based source localization method is popular due to its simplicity and low cost. However, this method is highly dependent on the propagation model which is not easy to be captured in practice. Moreover, most existing works only consider the single source and the identical measurement noise scenario, while in practice multiple co-channel sources may transmit simultaneously, and the measurement noise tends to be nonuniform. In this paper, we study the multiple co-channel sources localization (MSL) problem under unknown nonuniform noise, while jointly estimating the parametric propagation model. Specifically, we model the MSL problem as being parameterized by the unknown source locations and propagation parameters, and then reformulate it as a joint parametric sparsifying dictionary learning (PSDL) and sparse signal recovery (SSR) problem which is solved under the framework of sparse Bayesian learning with iterative parametric dictionary approximation. Furthermore, multiple snapshot measurements are utilized to improve the localization accuracy, and the Cramer-Rao lower bound (CRLB) is derived to analyze the theoretical estimation error bound. Comparing with the state-of-the-art sparsity-based MSL algorithms as well as CRLB, extensive simulations show the importance of jointly inferring the propagation parameters,and highlight the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method.
description: 12 pages, 9 figures
Metric-Field Approach to Gravitation and the Problem of the Universe Acceleration
Creators: name: Verozub, L. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A metric-field approach to gravitation is presented. It is based on an idea of dependency of space-time properties on measuring instruments. Some bimetric equations that realize this idea are considered. They were tested by the binary pulsar PSR1913+16. The spherically - symmetric solution of the equations has no event horizon and no physical singularity in the center. The proper energy of a point particle is finite. There can exist supermassive compact configurations of degenerated Fermi-gas which can be identified with observed objects in galactic centers. The problem of the Universe acceleration has a natural explanation.
description: LaTex2e, 10 pages, 2 figures. To appear in the Proc.of the Conf."Cosmology and Elementary particle physics" at Coral Gables, December 11-16,2001
Rotating cylindrical shell source for Lewis spacetime
Creators: name: da Silva, M. F. A.
name: Herrera, L.
name: Santos, N. O.
name: Wang, A. Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Rotating thin-shell-like sources for the stationary cylindrically symmetric vacuum solutions (Lewis) are constructed and studied. It is found, by imposing the non existence of timelike curves in the exterior of the shell, and that the source satisfies the weak, dominant and strong energy conditions that the parameters, commonly denoted by $a$ and $σ$, are restricted to $0 \le σ\le 1/4$ when $a > 0$, or $1/4 \le σ\le 1/2$ when $a < 0$.
description: 18 pages Latex, to appear in Class.Quantum Grav
Canonical analysis of $n$-dimensional Palatini action without second-class constraints
Creators: name: Montesinos, Merced
name: Escobedo, Ricardo
name: Romero, Jorge
name: Celada, Mariano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We carry out the canonical analysis of the $n$-dimensional Palatini action with or without a cosmological constant $(n\geq3)$ introducing neither second-class constraints nor resorting to any gauge fixing. This is accomplished by providing an expression for the spatial components of the connection that allows us to isolate the nondynamical variables present among them, which can later be eliminated from the action by using their own equation of motion. As a result, we obtain the description of the phase space of general relativity in terms of manifestly $SO(n-1,1)$ [or $SO(n)$] covariant variables subject to first-class constraints only, with no second-class constraints arising during the process. Afterwards, we perform, at the covariant level, a canonical transformation to a set of variables in terms of which the above constraints take a simpler form. Finally, we impose the time gauge and make contact with the $SO(n-1)$ ADM formalism.
description: Paper's title was changed, expanded analysis, notation was changed a bit, added reference, corrected typos
A Practical Quantum Mechanism for the Public Goods Game
Creators: name: Chen, Kay-Yut
name: Hogg, Tad
name: Beausoleil, Raymond
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum generalizations of conventional games broaden the range of available strategies, which can help improve outcomes for the participants. With many players, such quantum games can involve entanglement among many states which is difficult to implement, especially if the states must be communicated over some distance. This paper describes a quantum mechanism for the economically significant $n$-player public goods game that requires only two-particle entanglement and is thus much easier to implement than more general quantum mechanisms. In spite of the large temptation to free ride on the efforts of others in this game, two-particle entanglement is sufficient to give near optimal expected payoff when players use a simple mixed strategy for which no player can benefit by making different choices. This mechanism can also address some heterogeneous preferences among the players.
description: 9 pages, revtex4
Content-based image retrieval speedup
Creators: name: Fadaei, Sadegh
name: Rashno, Abdolreza
name: Rashno, Elyas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Content-based image retrieval (CBIR) is a task of retrieving images from their contents. Since retrieval process is a time-consuming task in large image databases, acceleration methods can be very useful. This paper presents a novel method to speed up CBIR systems. In the proposed method, first Zernike moments are extracted from query image and an interval is calculated for that query. Images in database which are out of the interval are ignored in retrieval process. Therefore, a database reduction occurs before retrieval which leads to speed up. It is shown that in reduced database, relevant images to query image are preserved and irrelevant images are throwed away. Therefore, the proposed method speed up retrieval process and preserve CBIR accuracy, simultaneously.
Foreign Agricultural Trade of the United States March/April 1993
Creators: name: Warden, Thomas
name: Warden, Thomas
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1993
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Exports
subject: imports
subject: state export shares

description: Export value, at $19 billion during the first 5 months of FY 1993 (October 1992- February 1993), was virtually unchanged from a year earlier. U.S. agricultural imports totaled $10.1 billion for the period October 1992 to February 1993, 4 percent higher than the same period last year. The United States exported $42.4 billion of agricultural commodities in FY 1992, an increase of 13 percent from 1991.
Amphicteis ninonae Jirkov 1985
Creators: name: Parapar, Julio
name: Helgason, Gudmundur V.
name: Jirkov, Igor
name: Moreira, Juan
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2011
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Annelida
Polychaeta
Terebellida
Ampharetidae
Amphicteis
Amphicteis ninonae

description: Amphicteis ninonae Jirkov, 1985
(Figures 4D–F, 5)
 Amphicteis ninonae: Jirkov, 1985: 1894–1897 (textfigure); Jirkov, 2001: 472–473 (textfigure).
 Amphicteis gunneri: Augener, 1928: 779 (partim?); Annenkova, 1929: 497, fig. 47 (partim); Ditlevsen, 1937: 39–40 (partim?) - non Sars, 1935.
 Material examined
BIOICE sample 2014 (four specimens); 2045 (one); 2046 (two); 2057 (one); 2070 (eight); 2085 (six); 2089 (one); 2094 (one); 2110 (one); 2113 (one); 2129 (three); 2145 (three); 2167 (one); 2174 (two); 2315 (one); 2319 (one); 2328 (eleven); 2359 (one); 2372 (one); 2572 (one); 2575 (three); 2576 (three); 2592 (one); 2594 (three); 2603 (two); 2604 (one); 2606 (four); 2610 (one); 2613 (one); 2619 (three); 2626 (one); 2627 (six); 2666 (four); 2673 (two); 2683 (one); 2792 (two); 2901 (one); 3099 (one); 3115 (one); 3252 (four); 3638 (five).
 Occurrence
 In all, 101 specimens of A. ninonae (5.65% of the total) were collected in 40 BIOICE samples. In contrast to A. gunneri, this species seems to be restricted to the north and east coasts of Iceland. Depth range: 134–2067 m; temperature range: −0.8 to 7.57 ◦ C.
 Reported distribution
Norwegian Sea, Arctic Seas (Hansson 1998; Deubel 2000). Our findings confirm the presence of this species in Icelandic waters, which was previously reported by Jirkov (2001).
 Remarks
 Amphicteis ninonae has often been confused with A. gunneri and to some extent perhaps also with A. midas. Nevertheless the low boreal distribution proposed for A. midas (see Hartley, 1985:311) against the high-latitude distribution of A. ninonae (see above), makes it difficult to believe that both species occur in sympatry. Following Jirkov (1985:1896; 2001:472), Amphicteis ninonae is primarily characterized by the colour (dark brown), and number (8–16) and shape (blunt tips) of paleae (Figure 4D, E and key below). We agree with Jirkov (1989:111) that A. ninonae has abdominal rudimentary notopodia. The BIOICE specimens are usually larger than those of A. gunneri and the number of paleae seems to have a weaker correlation with body size (Figure 5).
description: Published as part of Parapar, Julio, Helgason, Gudmundur V., Jirkov, Igor & Moreira, Juan, 2011, Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Amphicteis (Polychaeta: Ampharetidae) collected by the BIOICE project in Icelandic waters, pp. 1477-1499 in Journal of Natural History 45 (23 - 24) on pages 1486-1487, DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.558640, http://zenodo.org/record/5203804
A Prospective New Diagnostic Technique for Distinguishing Eruptive and Non-Eruptive Active Regions
Creators: name: Pagano, P.
name: Mackay, D. H.
name: Yardley, S. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active regions are the source of the majority of magnetic flux rope ejections that become Coronal Mass Ejections (CMEs). To identify in advance which active regions will produce an ejection is key for both space weather prediction tools and future science missions such as Solar Orbiter. The aim of this study is to develop a new technique to identify which active regions are more likely to generate magnetic flux rope ejections. The new technique will aim to: (i) produce timely space weather warnings and (ii) open the way to a qualified selection of observational targets for space-borne instruments. We use a data-driven Non-linear Force-Free Field (NLFFF) model to describe the 3D evolution of the magnetic field of a set of active regions. We determine a metric to distinguish eruptive from non-eruptive active regions based on the Lorentz force. Furthermore, using a subset of the observed magnetograms, we run a series of simulations to test whether the time evolution of the metric can be predicted. The identified metric successfully differentiates active regions observed to produce eruptions from the non-eruptive ones in our data sample. A meaningful prediction of the metric can be made between 6 to 16 hours in advance. This initial study presents an interesting first step in the prediction of CME onset using only LOS magnetogram observations combined with NLFFF modelling. Future studies will address how to generalise the model such that it can be used in a more operational sense and for a variety of simulation approaches.
Density and temperature dependence of nucleon-nucleon elastic cross section
Creators: name: Li, Qingfeng
name: Li, Zhuxia
name: Zhao, Enguang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The in-medium neutron-proton, proton-proton (neutron-neutron) elastic scattering cross sections ($σ_{np}^{*}$, $σ_{pp(nn)}^{*}$) are studied based on the effective Lagrangian of density dependent relativistic hadron theory in which the $δ$[$a_0(980)$] meson is included. Our study shows that at low densities the $σ_{np}^*$ is about 3-4 times larger than $σ_{pp(nn)}^*$ and at densities higher than the normal density the isospin effect is almost washed out. Because of coupling to $δ$ meson the $σ_{nn}^*$ and $σ_{pp}^*$ are different in isospin asymmetric medium following the splitting of the proton and neutron mass. The isospin effect on the density dependence of the in-medium nucleon elastic cross section is dominantly contributed by the isovector $δ$ and $ρ$ mesons. The temperature effect on the $σ_{np}^*$ and $σ_{pp(nn)}^*$ is studied. It is shown that the temperature effect is weaker compared with the density effect but it becomes obvious as density increases.
description: 11 pages,4 figures, 1 table. accepted by PRC
Differential processes generated by two interpolators
Creators: name: Castillo, J. M. F.
name: Correa, W. H. G.
name: Ferenczi, V.
name: González, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Functional Analysis (math.FA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 46B70, 46E30, 46M18

description: We study couples of interpolators, the differentials they generate and their associated commutator theorems. An essential part of our analysis is the study of the intrinsic symmetries of the process. Since we work without any compatibility or categorical assumption, our results are flexible enough to generalize most known results for commutators or translation operators, in particular those of Cwikel, Kalton, Milman, Rochberg \cite{ckmr} for differential methods and those of Carro, Cerdà and Soria \cite{caceso} for compatible interpolators. We also generalize stability and singularity results in \cite{cfg,ccfg,correa} from the complex method to general differential methods and obtain new incomparability results.
Subfemtosecond glory hologrammetry for vectorial optical waveform reconstruction
Creators: name: Tao, J. F.
name: Cai, J.
name: Xia, Q. Z.
name: Liu, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, we propose a new method to characterize the temporal structure of arbitrary optical laser pulses with low pulse energies. This approach is based on strong field photoelectron holography with the glory rescattering effect as the underlying mechanism in the near-forward direction. Utilizing the subfemtosecond glory rescattering process as a fast temporal gate to sample the unknown light pulse, the time-dependent vectorial electric field can be retrieved from the streaking photoelectron momentum spectra. Our method avoids the challenging task of generation or manipulation of attosecond pulses and signifies important progress in arbitrary optical waveform characterization.
A look at the variations in consumer preferences for farmers' markets attributes
Creators: name: Neill, Clinton L.
name: Mitchell, Donna M.
name: Williams, Ryan B.
name: Neill, Clinton L.
name: Mitchell, Donna M.
name: Williams, Ryan B.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Farmers' market
subject: choice based survey
subject: consumer preference

description: The purpose of this study is to determine the effects of physical attributes of farmers’ markets on a customer’s willingness to attend a particular market. It was found that ease of movement between vendors is the most important attribute while the least important is the availability of seating.
Perceived versus Actual Competitive Advantage
Creators: name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Yeager, Elizabeth
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Yeager, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Cost Efficiency
subject: Competitive Advantage

description: This paper examined the relationship between farm characteristics and perceived sources of competitive advantage, and cost-based and revenue-based efficiency indices. Gross farm income and the percentage of labor devoted to crop production were significant and positively correlated with cost and revenue efficiency while the perception of the cowherd being the most important part of the operation was negatively correlated with efficiency. In general, perceived sources of competitive advantage were not significantly correlated with cost or revenue efficiency.
A pseudointegrable Andreev billiard
Creators: name: Wiersig, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A circular Andreev billiard in a uniform magnetic field is studied. It is demonstrated that the classical dynamics is pseudointegrable in the same sense as for rational polygonal billiards. The relation to a specific polygon, the asymmetric barrier billiard, is discussed. Numerical evidence is presented indicating that the Poincare map is typically weak mixing on the invariant sets. This link between these different classes of dynamical systems throws some light on the proximity effect in chaotic Andreev billiards.
description: 5 pages, 5 figures, to appear in PRE
The AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in nearby radio galaxies II. Kinematics of the molecular gas
Creators: name: Ruffa, Ilaria
name: Davis, Timothy A.
name: Prandoni, Isabella
name: Laing, Robert A.
name: Paladino, Rosita
name: Parma, Paola
name: de Ruiter, Hans
name: Casasola, Viviana
name: Bureau, Martin
name: Warren, Joshua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This is the second paper of a series exploring the multi-component (stars, warm and cold gas and radio jets) properties of a sample of eleven nearby low excitation radio galaxies (LERGs), with the aim of better understanding the AGN fuelling/feedback cycle in these objects. Here we present a study of the molecular gas kinematics of six sample galaxies detected in $^{12}$CO(2-1) with ALMA. In all cases, our modelling suggests that the bulk of the gas in the observed (sub-)kpc CO discs is in ordered rotation. Nevertheless, low-level distortions are ubiquitous, indicating that the molecular gas is not fully relaxed into the host galaxy potential. The majority of the discs, however, are only marginally resolved, preventing us from drawing strong conclusions. NGC 3557 and NGC 3100 are special cases. The features observed in the CO velocity curve of NGC 3557 allow us to estimate a super-massive black hole (SMBH) mass of $(7.10\pm0.02)\times10^{8}$ M$_{\odot}$, in agreement with expectations from the M$_{\rm SMBH}- σ_{*}$ relation. The rotation pattern of NGC 3100 shows distortions that appear to be consistent with the presence of both a position angle and inclination warp. Non-negligible radial motions are also found in the plane of the CO disc, likely consistent with streaming motions associated with the spiral pattern found in the inner regions of the disc. The dominant radial motions are likely to be inflows, supporting a scenario in which the cold gas is contributing to the fuelling of the AGN.
description: 21 pages, 8 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Bayesian Estimation of Optimal Nitrogen Rates with a Non-Normally Distributed Stochastic Plateau Function
Creators: name: Ouedraogo, Frederic B.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
name: Ouedraogo, Frederic B.
name: Brorsen, B. Wade
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Production Economics
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Key Words: wheat
subject: Bayesian Approach
subject: nitrogen rates
subject: Stochastic Plateau

description: Despite abundant literature on crop yield distributions, there is no strict agreement about functional form and distributional assumptions. This paper estimated the optimal nitrogen rates in wheat production assuming a stochastic plateau yield function with nonnormal random effects. The yield plateau parameter is assumed to be beta distributed. The parameters are estimated using a Bayesian estimation methods and a noninformative prior. The maximum likelihood method was also used to compare the results of the two approaches. The results indicate a slight difference in nitrogen recommendation, which can be associated with the fact that the Bayesian methods capture parameter uncertainty while the MLE does not.
Requirements for compatibility between local and multipartite quantum states
Creators: name: Bravyi, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider a partial trace transformation which maps a multipartite quantum state to collection of local density matrices. We call this collection a mean field state. The necessary and sufficient conditions under which a mean field state is compatible with at least one multipartite pure state are found for the system of $n$ qubits and for the tripartite system with the Hilbert space of dimension 2x2x4. Compatibility of mean field states with more general classes of multipartite quantum states is discussed.
description: 15 pages, 1 figure, reference added
Household Whole and Low Fat Milk Consumption in Poland: A Bivariate Two-part Model
Creators: name: Fu, Shengfei
name: Klepacka, Anna M.
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
name: Fu, Shengfei
name: Klepacka, Anna M.
name: Florkowski, Wojciech J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: diary product
subject: milk consumption
subject: whole milk
subject: low fat milk
subject: Polish household
subject: Poland
subject: depopulation
subject: outmigration
subject: nutrition
subject: dietary welfare
subject: bivariate two-part model
subject: Heckman selection model
subject: heterogeneity
subject: heteroskedasticity

description: Milk products are a preeminent food category in Poland, providing both employment and dietary benefit. This paper investigates factors affecting household milk consumption in Poland, paying attention to the effect of outmigration. Bivariate two-part model analyzes actual milk spending and allows the dependence of whole and low-fat milk consumption decisions.
Polyelectrolyte Bundles
Creators: name: Limbach, H. J.
name: Sayar, M.
name: Holm, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using extensive Molecular Dynamics simulations we study the behavior of polyelectrolytes with hydrophobic side chains, which are known to form cylindrical micelles in aqueous solution. We investigate the stability of such bundles with respect to hydrophobicity, the strength of the electrostatic interaction, and the bundle size. We show that for the parameter range relevant for sulfonated poly-para-phenylenes (PPP) one finds a stable finite bundle size. In a more generic model we also show the influence of the length of the precursor oligomer on the stability of the bundles. We also point out that our model has close similarities to DNA solutions with added condensing agents, hinting to the possibility that the size of DNA aggregates is under certain circumstances thermodynamically limited.
description: 10 pages, 8 figures
Effect of branding Gulf oysters on consumers willingness to pay
Creators: name: Acquah, Sarah
name: Petrolia, Daniel
name: Acquah, Sarah
name: Petrolia, Daniel
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Consumer/Household Economics
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: branding
subject: choice experiment
subject: marketing
subject: oyster attributes

description: Using a choice experiment this study found that raw oyster consumers are more likely to buy oysters harvested from their region over those harvested outside the region. Consumers are more likely to buy wild-caught oysters over cultivated oysters. Non-Gulf consumers are more likely to buy medium or large size oysters over small size.
Cost Efficiency of International Corn Production
Creators: name: Hu, Xiangdong
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Zimmer, Yelto
name: Hu, Xiangdong
name: Langemeier, Michael R.
name: Zimmer, Yelto
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Farm Management
subject: Benchmarking
subject: Corn
subject: Cost Efficiency

description: The objective of this paper was to examine the cost efficiency of corn production for typical farms involved in the cash crop agri benchmark network. Average cost efficiency for 32 typical farms, representing 12 countries, was 0.720. Seed and direct inputs other than seed, fertilizer, and crop protection inputs, were found to be under-utilized, and labor was found to be over-utilized on the typical farms.
title: Photonic Terahertz signal analyzers: fully ballistic Terahertz source for a photonic VNA and error analysis of Terahertz time domain spectroscopy of liquids
Creators: name: Méndez Aller, Mario
Publisher: name: UNSPECIFIED
Year: 2022

description: The technological gap in the terahertz (THz) range has reflected in the lack of cost efctive tools to characterize and develop the necessary technology, such as vector network analyzers (VNAs) and spectrum analyzers. This thesis presents on its first part a fully-ballistic (FB)-p-i-n diode THz source for a photonic vector network analyzer (PNVA). The source is designed towards a commercial implementation with efficient optical coupling, improved thermal conductivity and ease of commercial fabrication as compared to n-i-pn-i-p superlattice photomixers. Special emphasis is put in the refinement of some necessary processing steps that required some of the largest efforts within this thesis. The FB-p-i-n diode exhibits experimentally an improved effciency in terms of transport time roll-off at high frequencies (beyond 1 THz) compared to a n-i-pn-i-p superlattice diode, although it still features a lower absolute emitted power than the n-i-pn-i-p. Pathways to overcome these limitations in future implementations will be outlined. The second part of the thesis presents analyses with THz-time domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) of liquids. After a theoretical description of the THz-TDS technique and of the main systematic and random sources of error, motor oil with different grades of gasoline contamination and oxidation is used to analyze how the different sources of error arise during the experiment. A higher robustness of the phase measurements is demonstrated (i.e. samples distinguished using refractive index), not being affected by system noise and exhibiting an error close to the resolution limit. However, the more differentiated absorption coeffcient between the samples makes it still a better parameter to discern contamination and oxidation levels. Chapter 6 presents a novel technique to identify biodiesel in petroleum-diesel blends using broadband information of the absorption coeffcient. This new approach demonstrates the adequacy of using a linear combination of two models, one for each of the two components, to identify the exact content, exhibiting a deviation from the nominal values of the biodiesel content of less than 3%. This opens the door to real-time analysis of the blend in the absence of narrow spectral features, just relying on the broadband, featureless absorption of each component. Relaying on broadband information also eliminates the uncertainty about the origin of the absorption coeffcient at individual frequencies, which could be affected by many other contaminants and systematic errors.
Resonances of the cusp family
Creators: name: Antoniou, I.
name: Shkarin, S. A.
name: Yarevsky, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a family of chaotic maps with limit cases the tent map and the cusp map (the cusp family). We discuss the spectral properties of the corresponding Frobenius--Perron operator in different function spaces including spaces of analytic functions. A numerical study of the eigenvalues and eigenfunctions is performed.
description: 14 pages, 3 figures. Submitted to J.Phys.A
Do Outdoor Recreation Participants Place their Lands in Conservation Easements?
Creators: name: Ghimire, Ramesh
name: Green, Gary T.
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Cordell, H. Ken
name: Ghimire, Ramesh
name: Green, Gary T.
name: Poudyal, Neelam C.
name: Cordell, H. Ken
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Conservation Easements
subject: Environmental Concerns or Awareness
subject: Natural Resources
subject: Open Space
subject: Outdoor Recreation Participation

description: In addition to encouraging people to become more physically active and healthy, participation in outdoor recreation helps to expose people to different instances of environmental degradation in places where they recreate. This exposure may also help people to become more environmentally aware and subsequently informed about environmental conservation programs such as conservation easements. Hence, this paper examined whether people participating in outdoor recreation activities have also placed their lands in conservation easements. Using national level data from the National Survey on Recreation and the Environment (NSRE) people who participated in land-based and water-based recreation activities were examined and grouped into consumptive and non-consumptive activities. Results indicated people who participated in land-based non-consumptive recreations have greater odds of placing their lands in conservation easements than people who participated in consumptive recreation activities.
Lower Bound on Entanglement of Formation for the Qubit-Qudit System
Creators: name: Gerjuoy, Edward
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Wootters [PRL 80, 2245 (1998)] has derived a closed formula for the entanglement of formation (EOF) of an arbitrary mixed state in a system of two qubits. There is no known closed form expression for the EOF of an arbitrary mixed state in any system more complicated than two qubits. This paper, via a relatively straightforward generalization of Wootters' original derivation, obtains a closed form lower bound on the EOF of an arbitary mixed state of a system composed of a qubit and a qudit (a d-level quantum system, with d greater than or equal to 3). The derivation of the lower bound is detailed for a system composed of a qubit and a qutrit (d = 3); the generalization to d greater than 3 then follows readily.
description: 14 pages, 0 Figures, 0 Tables
Electronic Bottleneck Suppression in Next-generation Networks with Integrated Photonic Digital-to-analog Converters
Creators: name: Meng, Jiawei
name: Miscuglio, Mario
name: George, Jonathan K.
name: Babakhani, Aydin
name: Sorger, Volker J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Digital-to-analog converters (DAC) are indispensable functional units in signal processing instrumentation and wide-band telecommunication links for both civil and military applications. Since photonic systems are capable of high data throughput and low latency, an increasingly found system limitation stems from the required domain-crossing such as digital-to-analog, and electronic-to-optical. A photonic DAC implementation, in contrast, enables a seamless signal conversion with respect to both energy efficiency and short signal delay, often require bulky discrete optical components and electric-optic transformation hence introducing inefficiencies. Here, we introduce a novel coherent parallel photonic DAC concept along with an experimental demonstration capable of performing this digital-to-analog conversion without optic-electric-optic domain crossing. This design hence guarantees a linear intensity weighting among bits operating at high sampling rates, yet at a reduced footprint and power consumption compared to other photonic alternatives. Importantly, this photonic DAC could create seamless interfaces of next-generation data processing hardware for data-centers, task-specific compute accelerators such as neuromorphic engines, and network edge processing applications.
Internet of Things Enabled Policing Processes
Creators: name: Schiliro, Francesco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Computers and Society (cs.CY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The Internet of Things (IoT) has the potential to transform many industries. This includes harnessing real-time intelligence to improve risk-based decision making and supporting adaptive processes from core to edge. For example, modern police investigation processes are often extremely complex, data-driven and knowledge-intensive. In such processes, it is not sufficient to focus on data storage and data analysis; as the knowledge workers (e.g., police investigators) will need to collect, understand and relate the big data (scattered across various systems) to process analysis. In this thesis, we analyze the state of the art in knowledge-intensive and data-driven processes. We present a scalable and extensible IoT-enabled process data analytics pipeline to enable analysts ingest data from IoT devices, extract knowledge from this data and link them to process execution data. We focus on a motivating scenario in policing, where a criminal investigator will be augmented by smart devices to collect data and to identify devices around the investigation location, to communicate with them to understand and analyze evidence. We design and implement a system (namely iCOP, IoT-enabled COP) to assist investigators collect large amounts of evidence and dig for the facts in an easy way.
description: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1412.6638, arXiv:1612.03277 by other authors
"Du bist mit allem verbunden" - Praxisbeispiele und Narrative des Wandels für eine transformative Schweizer Agrarökologie
Creators: name: Bossard, Nicolá
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: agroecological transition
subject: narrative of change
subject: transformative social innovation
subject: info:eu-repo/classification/ddc/320
subject: Political science
subject: FOS: Political science

description: Verschiedenste wechselwirkende soziale und ökologische Krisen erfordern ein rasches und fundamentales Umdenken im Ernährungssystem. Die Agrarökologie ist ein vielversprechendes Framework für diese Transformation. Diese Arbeit untersuchte eine transformative Schweizer Agrarökologie mittels qualitativer Forschung in vier Schritten unter der Perspektive der Theorie der transformativen sozialen Innovation sowie der Resonanztheorie. Das Ziel war, das Verständnis einer transformativen Agrarökologie zu schärfen und kommunikativ zu stärken. Erstens wurden Expert:inneninterviews durchgeführt, um den agrarökologischen Diskurs in der Schweiz zu beleuchten. Der Begriff Agrarökologie scheint mehrheitlich in einem institutionellen Verständnis benutzt zu werden, eine Zweckentfremdung wurde als reale Bedrohung anerkannt, ein mobilisierendes Narrativ des Wandels scheint zu fehlen. Zweitens wurden zehn transformative agrarökologische Initiativen aus fünf verschiedenen Aktivitätskategorien porträtiert; wobei dargestellt wurde, wie die sechs transformativen agrarökologischen Prinzipien in diesen Initiativen umgesetzt werden. Die Resultate zeigen, dass diverse Manifestationen einer transformativen Agrarökologie bereits existieren; allerdings sind Veränderungen der institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen nötig, um diese Lösungen zu verbreiten, wobei agrarökologischen Netzwerken eine wichtige Rolle zukommt. Drittens wurde mit fünf Initiativ-Vertreter:innen eine Narrative Inquiry durchgeführt, um ihre Narrative des Wandels sowie die unterliegenden Motivationen zu untersuchen. Ein grosser Stellenwert kam dem Thema Verbundenheit zu, sowohl als Motivation (z.B. Zugehörigkeit), als auch als Massnahme (z.B. Kooperation) und als Teil der erwünschten Zukunft (z.B. Wiederverbindung mit Natur); agrarökologische Aktivitäten scheinen auf sehr ganzheitliche Art motivierend zu wirken. Viertens wurde beleuchtet, wie sich das Netzwerk Agroecology works! in der Konstruktion eines vereinenden Narrativs des Wandels engagiert, und wie eine ‘Resonanzkommunikation’, welche sich aus authentischen Motivationen speist, ein vielversprechender Ansatz sein könnte. Durch ein solches mobilisierendes Narrativ des Wandels könnten sich stärkere agrarökologische Koalitionen bilden, welche gemeinsam eine Transformation erwirken können.
Automated Blood Cell Detection and Counting via Deep Learning for Microfluidic Point-of-Care Medical Devices
Creators: name: Xia, Tiancheng
name: Jiang, Richard
name: Fu, YongQing
name: Jin, Nanlin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Automated in-vitro cell detection and counting have been a key theme for artificial and intelligent biological analysis such as biopsy, drug analysis and decease diagnosis. Along with the rapid development of microfluidics and lab-on-chip technologies, in-vitro live cell analysis has been one of the critical tasks for both research and industry communities. However, it is a great challenge to obtain and then predict the precise information of live cells from numerous microscopic videos and images. In this paper, we investigated in-vitro detection of white blood cells using deep neural networks, and discussed how state-of-the-art machine learning techniques could fulfil the needs of medical diagnosis. The approach we used in this study was based on Faster Region-based Convolutional Neural Networks (Faster RCNNs), and a transfer learning process was applied to apply this technique to the microscopic detection of blood cells. Our experimental results demonstrated that fast and efficient analysis of blood cells via automated microscopic imaging can achieve much better accuracy and faster speed than the conventionally applied methods, implying a promising future of this technology to be applied to the microfluidic point-of-care medical devices.
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 472
Creators: name: Sundquist, W. Burt
name: Buxton, Boyd M.
name: Sundquist, W. Burt
name: Buxton, Boyd M.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Agribusiness
Crop Production/Industries
Livestock Production/Industries
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: Economic Research on Pesticide Use and Specialization in Dairy Farming
Minnesota Farm Business Notes No. 473
Creators: name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Smith, Frank J.
name: Moeller, Robert J.
name: Dahl, Dale C.
name: Smith, Frank J.
name: Moeller, Robert J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1965
Subjects: Agribusiness
Farm Management

description: "Fertilizer: Minnesota's Agribusiness Growth Industry" and "Financial Indicators for Farm Supply Firms"
Improving a 3D Concrete Printing Factory Using Stochastic Modelling for Decision-Support
Creators: name: Walzer, Alexander N.
name: Kozlova, Mariia
name: Mohite, Ashish
name: Yeomans, Julian Scott
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024

description: 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) 3DCP is recognized for significantly reducing production costs, increasing productivity, and lowering embodied carbon, marking a substantial step towards sustainable construction practices. Despite its advantages, the research on the interplay between these benefits is still emerging. The research introduces a novel stochastic decision-support framework that goes beyond conventional unit cost analysis by incorporating stochastic Monte Carlo simulations and Simulation Decomposition (SimDec). This framework provides a 3DCP firm with a sophisticated strategy for decision-making amidst technological uncertainties. It is enriched by global sensitivity analysis to assess strategic decisions' economic and environmental impacts on their 3DCP operations.
Manifestion of structural Higgs and Goldstone modes in the hexagonal manganites
Creators: name: Meier, Q. N.
name: Stucky, A.
name: Teyssier, J.
name: Griffin, S. M.
name: van der Marel, D.
name: Spaldin, N. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Structural phase transitions described by Mexican hat potentials should in principle exhibit aspects of Higgs and Goldstone physics. Here, we investigate the relationship between the phonons that soften at such structural phase transitions and the Higgs- and Goldstone-boson analogues associated with the crystallographic Mexican hat potential. We show that, with the exception of systems containing only one atom type, the usual Higgs and Goldstone modes are represented by a combination of several phonon modes, with the lowest energy phonons of the relevant symmetry having substantial contribution. Taking the hexagonal manganites as a model system, we identify these modes using Landau theory, and predict the temperature dependence of their frequencies using parameters obtained from density functional theory. Separately, we calculate the additional temperature dependence of all phonon mode frequencies arising from thermal expansion within the quasi-harmonic approximation. We predict that Higgs-mode softening will dominate the low-frequency vibrational spectrum of InMnO$_3$ between zero kelvin and room-temperature, whereas the behavior of ErMnO$_3$ will be dominated by lattice expansion effects. We present temperature-dependent Raman scattering data that support our predictions, in particular confirming the existence of the Higgs mode in InMnO$_3$.
Approximating L^2-signatures by their compact analogues
Creators: name: Lueck, Wolfgang
name: Schick, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57-99, 58J99

description: :Let G be a group together with an descending nested sequence of normal subgroups G=G_0, G_1, G_2 G_3, ... of finite index [G:G_k] such the intersection of the G_k-s is the trivial group. Let (X,Y) be a compact 4n-dimensional Poincare' pair and p: (\bar{X},\bar{Y}) \to (X,Y) be a G-covering, i.e. normal covering with G as deck transformation group. We get associated $G/_k$-coverings (X_k,Y_k) \to (X,Y). We prove that sign^{(2)}(\bar{X},\bar{Y}) = lim_{k\to\infty} \frac{sign(X_k,Y_k)}{[G : G_k]}, where sign or sign^{(2)} is the signature or L^2-signature, respectively, and the convergence of the right side for any such sequence (G_k)_k is part of the statement.
Gambler's Ruin? Some Aspects of Coin Tossing
Creators: name: Johnson, Porter W.
name: Atkinson, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: History and Overview (math.HO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60G40, 91A60, 91A80

description: What is the average number of tosses needed before a particular sequence of heads and tails turns up? We solve the problem didactically, starting with doubles, finding that a tail, followed by a head, turns up on the average after only four tosses, while six tosses are needed for two successive heads. The method is extended to encompass the triples head-tail-tail and head-head-tail, but head-tail-head and head-head-head are surprisingly more recalcitrant. However, the general case is finally solved by a new algorithm that allows a simple computation that can be done by hand, even for relatively long strings. It is shown that the average number of tosses is always an even integer.
A Stochastic Decision-Support Framework for Exploring Strategic Pathways in 3D Concrete Printing
Creators: name: Walzer, Alexander N.
name: Kozlova, Mariia
name: Mohite, Ashish
name: Yeomans, Julian Scott
name: Hall, Daniel
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2024
Subjects: Probability Distribution
Global Sensitivity Analysis
Uncertainty
Industrial Economics

description: 3D Concrete Printing (3DCP) promises significant gains through faster construction and reduced waste, yet its adoption is limited. Addressing economic uncertainty in new technologies, this study presents a three-stage stochastic framework using a case study company, focusing on software, hardware, and material innovation. Stage one quantifies unit cost uncertainties; stage two explores development options for strategic planning; stage three integrates investment costs for a cost-benefit analysis. Using the Resource-Based View (RBV), we show how firms can leverage technological, financial, and human resources to identify and evaluate opportunities. By combining RBV with Monte Carlo simulations and Simulation Decomposition (SimDec), we offer a decision-support toolkit for multivariate cost-benefit analyses essential for adopting new technologies. The findings are relevant to academics, researchers, and industry stakeholders and guide future research in sustainable construction.
description: SSRN