cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
THE ABCDEF BUNDLE: A CONCEPT TO ALIGN THE PEOPLE, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGY IN THE ICU
Creators: name: Pun, Brenda
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Intensive Care Unit (ICU) patients frequently suffer from multi-organ failure and often require advanced life support measures. However, many ICUs struggle with noncompliance on evidenced-based guideline recommended practices. Additionally, the interprofessional health care providers often care practices are often siloed and teamwork and collaboration suffer. The purpose of this project is to address this core problem of noncompliance and ineffective team collaboration through an interprofessional unit-wide educational strategy that introduces the concept of these interventions for pain, agitation and delirium in a package called the ABCDEF bundle. This bundle includes these 6 elements: assess, prevent and manage pain (A), both spontaneous awakening trials and spontaneous breathing trials (B), choice of analgesia and sedation (C), delirium: assess, prevent and manage (D), early mobility and exercise (E), and family engagement and empowerment (F). While other studies that have investigated this bundle have both introduced the idea of the bundle and involved widespread protocol changes and the introduction of new procedures, this project introduces just the language and concept of repackaging these elements as a bundle. This project was conducted in an ICU that already had all individual elements of the ABCDEF bundle in place; therefore, the project was uniquely focused on the impact of introducing the concept of bundling those elements and teaching the interprofessional team to use a standard language when discussing patient care. The project focused on the impact of the educational initiative on processes (i.e., compliance with the bundle elements), the people (i.e., teamwork and collaboration), and patient outcomes (e.g., ICU and hospital lengths of stay, hospital discharge location, and first time to ambulation). Baseline measures were obtained prior to the education and then patient compliance and outcomes were tracked for an additional 3 months. This project demonstrated that introducing the ABCDEF bundle in a unit that already had each element in place resulted in improvement in element compliance and teamwork and collaboration. There was no overall effect on patient outcomes. However, it also demonstrated that improvement was marginal and more work with bundle implementation was needed to build on the foundation of improvement. The ABCDEF bundle provides a solid framework for the interprofessional team to flourish and improve in their teamwork and collaboration while delivering quality patient care even in units where the bundle elements are already in place.
Typicality of the 2021 Western North America Summer Heatwave
Creators: name: Lucarini, Valerio
name: Galfi, Vera Melinda
name: Messori, Gabriele
name: Riboldi, Jacopo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics (physics.ao-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Data Analysis, Statistics and Probability (physics.data-an)
subject: Geophysics (physics.geo-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Elucidating the statistical properties of extreme meteo-climatic events and capturing the physical processes responsible for their occurrence are key steps for improving our understanding of climate variability and climate change and for better evaluating the associated hazards. It has recently become apparent that large deviation theory is very useful for investigating persistent extreme events, and specifically, for flexibly estimating long return periods and for introducing a notion of dynamical typicality. Using a methodological framework based on large deviation theory and taking advantage of long simulations by a state-of-the-art Earth System Model, we investigate the 2021 North America Heatwave. Indeed, our analysis shows that the 2021 event can be seen as an unlikely but possible manifestation of climate variability, whilst its probability of occurrence is greatly amplified by the ongoing climate change. We also clarify the properties of spatial coherence of the 2021 heatwave and elucidate the role played by the Rocky Mountains in modulating hot, dry, and persistent extreme events in the Western Pacific region of North America.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures plus supplementary material
Quantitative analysis of fecal contamination in stormwater conveyance systems and the effects of storm drain discharge on beach water quality in Wrightsville Beach, NC
Creators: name: Lauer, Kellen
Publisher: name: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Graduate School
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Public health
subject: Environmental sciences
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Fecal contamination in stormwater runoff is a concern for public health in coastal beach communities. Historical data collected by the Town of Wrightsville Beach has previously indicated that fecal indicator bacteria (FIB - Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Enterococcus spp.) concentrations frequently exceeded USEPA recommended water quality standards during and after storm events. Using both culture-based methods and quantitative PCR (qPCR), water samples from the storm drain systems of two problem watersheds were analyzed for FIB concentrations in addition to quantification of specific sources of fecal contamination from humans, gulls and dogs. Human and gull fecal contamination were both frequently quantified during the storm events (n=16). Significant correlations were observed between 1 hour antecedent rainfall and the human-associated fecal Bacteroides marker (r = 0.17, p<0.05, n=149), indicating the potential for future real-time beach management decisions to be made based on rainfall. An across beach study was then conducted to assess the dispersion of the stormwater plume during a typical storm event. The data demonstrated that significant levels of contamination were observed up to 200 m downcoast of the point of discharge, including quantified human and gull fecal contamination in the receiving waters. These results provide a valuable platform for the Town of Wrightsville Beach to mitigate sources of fecal contamination and prioritize strategies for improved public health notification.
Reactive control of 2 nd Mack mode in a supersonic boundary layer with freestream velocity/density variations
Creators: name: Nibourel, Pierre
name: Leclercq, Colin
name: Demourant, Fabrice
name: Garnier, Eric
name: Sipp, Denis
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider closed-loop control of a two-dimensional supersonic boundary layer at M = 4.5 that aims at reducing the linear growth of second Mack mode instabilities. These instabilities are first characterized with local spatial and global resolvent analyses, which allow to refine the control strategy and to select appropriate actuators and sensors. After linear input-output reduced order models have been identified, multi-criteria structured mixed $H_{2}/H_{\infty}$ synthesis allows to fix beforehand the controller structure and to minimize appropriate norms of various transfer functions: the $H_{2}$ norm to guarantee performance (reduction of perturbation amplification in nominal condition) and the $H_{\infty}$ norm to maintain performance robustness (with respect to sensor noise) and stability robustness (with respect to uncertain free-stream velocity/density variations). Both feedforward and feedback setups, i.e. with estimation sensor placed respectively upstream/downstream of the actuator, allow to maintain the local perturbation energy below a given threshold over a significant distance downstream of the actuator, even in the case of noisy estimation sensors or free-stream density variations. However, the feedforward setup becomes completely ineffective when convective time-delays are altered by free-stream velocity variations of $\pm 5\%$, which highlights the strong relevance of the feedback setup for performance robustness in convectively unstable flows.
High Energy Sphalerons for Baryogenesis at Low Temperatures
Creators: name: Jaeckel, Joerg
name: Yin, Wen
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss baryogenesis in scenarios where the Universe is reheated to temperatures $\lesssim 100\,$GeV by the decay of long-lived massive particles into energetic SM particles. Before its thermalization, the center-of-mass energy in collisions between such a particle and a particle from the ambient plasma can be higher than the typical sphaleron mass, even if the temperature of the plasma itself is much lower. Optimistic estimates for the high energy enhancement of the sphaleron cross section suggest that successful baryogenesis is possible for reheating temperatures as low as $0.1\text{-}1\,$GeV. With a simple extension of the SM, sufficient baryon production can be achieved even if more pessimistic results for the sphaleron rate are correct. In both cases this scenario can be probed in collider and cosmic-ray experiments. We briefly discuss the possible origin of the required CP violation.
description: 9 pages, 5 figures
Gauge-fixing and spacetime reconstruction in the Hamiltonian theory of cosmological perturbations
Creators: name: Boldrin, Alice
name: Małkiewicz, Przemysław
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a complete Hamiltonian approach to the theory of perturbations around any spatially homogeneous spacetime. We employ the Dirac method for constrained systems which is well-suited to cosmological perturbations. We refine the method via the so-called Kucha\vr parametrization of the kinematical phase space. We separate the gauge-invariant dynamics of the three-surfaces from the three-surface deformations induced by linear coordinate transformations. The canonical group of the three-surface deformations and the complete space of gauge-fixing conditions are explicit in our approach. We introduce a frame in the space of gauge-fixing conditions and use it to considerably simplify the prescription for gauge-fixing, partial gauge-fixing and spacetime reconstruction. Finally, we illustrate our approach by considering the perturbed Kasner universe, for which we discuss two kinds of gauges that correspond respectively to the Coulomb-like and the Lorenz-like gauge in electrodynamics.
description: 27 pages, 2 figures
A dynamical theory for one-dimensional fermions with strong two-body losses: universal non-Hermitian Zeno physics and spin-charge separation
Creators: name: Rosso, Lorenzo
name: Biella, Alberto
name: De Nardis, Jacopo
name: Mazza, Leonardo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study an interacting one-dimensional gas of spin-1/2 fermions with two-body losses. The dynamical phase diagram that characterises the approach to the stationary state displays a wide quantum-Zeno region, identified by a peculiar behaviour of the lowest eigenvalues of the associated non-Hermitian Hamiltonian. We characterise the universal dynamics of this Zeno regime using an approximation scheme based on a effective decoupling of charge and spin degrees of freedom, where the latter effectively evolve in a non-Markovian way according to a non-Hermitian Heisenberg Hamiltonian. We present detailed results for the time evolution from initial states with one particle per site with either incoherent and antiferromagnetic spin order, showing how the two non-equilibrium evolutions build up drastically different charge correlations.
description: 7 pages + plus appendices, 10 figures. Updated version after pubblication in PRA
Stellar ages, masses, extinctions and orbital parameters based on spectroscopic parameters of Gaia DR3
Creators: name: Kordopatis, G.
name: Schultheis, M.
name: McMillan, P. J.
name: Palicio, P. A.
name: de Laverny, P.
name: Recio-Blanco, A.
name: Creevey, O.
name: Álvarez, M. A.
name: Andrae, R.
name: Poggio, E.
name: Spitoni, E.
name: Contursi, G.
name: Zhao, H.
name: Oreshina-Slezak, I.
name: Ordenovic, C.
name: Bijaoui, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gaia DR3 provides radial velocities for 33 million stars and spectroscopically derived atmospheric parameters for more than five million targets. When combined with the astrometric data, these allow us to derive orbital and stellar parameters that are key in order to understand the stellar populations of the Milky Way and perform galactic archaeology. We use the calibrated atmospheric parameters, 2MASS and Gaia-EDR3 photometry, and parallax-based distances to compute, via an isochrone fitting method, the ages, initial stellar masses and reddenings for the stars with spectroscopic parameters. We also derive the orbits (actions, eccentricities, apocentre, pericentre and Zmax) for all of the stars with measured radial velocities and astrometry, adopting two sets of line-of-sight distances from the literature and an axisymmetric potential of the Galaxy. Comparisons with reference catalogues of field and cluster stars suggest that reliable ages are obtained for stars younger than 9-10Gyr when the estimated relative age uncertainty is <50%. For older stars, ages tend to be under-estimated. The most reliable stellar type for age determination are turn-off stars, even when the input atmospheric parameters have large uncertainties. Ages for giants and main-sequence stars are retrieved with uncertainties of ~2Gyr when extinction towards the star's line-of sight is smaller than A_V<2.5mag. The full catalogue is made publicly available to be downloaded. With it, the full chemo-dynamical properties of the extended Solar neighbourhood unfold, and allow us to better identify the properties of the spiral arms, to parameterise the dynamical heating of the disc, or to thoroughly study the chemical enrichment of the Milky Way.
description: The Table (in .hdf format) and the readme file can be downloaded here: https://ftp.oca.eu/pub/gkordo/GDR3/ The parameters computed in this paper have been prepared in the context of Gaia's Performance verification paper concerning the Chemical cartography of the Milky Way (Gaia collaboration, Recio-Blanco et al, 2022). 22 pages, 20 figures, 3 appendixes. Submitted to A&A
Collective Quantum Beats from Distant Multilevel Emitters
Creators: name: Lee, Ahreum
name: Han, Hyok Sang
name: Fatemi, Fredrik K.
name: Rolston, S. L.
name: Sinha, Kanu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the dynamics of quantum beats in a system of two V-type three-level atoms coupled to a waveguide. We show that quantum beats can be collectively enhanced or suppressed, akin to Dicke super- and sub-radiance, depending on the interatomic separation and the initial correlations between the atoms. In particular, the interference properties of the collective beats are determined by the distance between the atoms modulo the beat wavelength. We study the collective atomic and field dynamics, illustrating a crossover from a Markovian to a non-Markovian regime as the atomic separation becomes sufficiently large to bring memory effects of the electromagnetic environment into consideration. In such a non-Markovian regime, collective quantum beats can be enhanced beyond the Markovian limit as a result of retardation effects. Our results demonstrate the rich interplay between multilevel and multiatom quantum interference effects arising in a system of distant quantum emitters.
description: 12 pages(including appendices), 6 figures
Can Social Media Algorithms be Online Content Creators’ Business Partners?: Focusing on the Affordance of Social Media
Creators: name: Kim, Jisu
name: Lu, Xinyu
Publisher: name: Singapore Institute of Technology
Year: 2023
Subjects: Communication technology and digital media studies

description: Based on the affordance concept, this study aims to examine (1) how content creators get knowledge and perceive the algorithm used by social media platforms; (2) how their perceptions encourage or limit their behaviors to interact with social media algorithms, and (3) how content creators manage their relationships with algorithms. By doing so, we can understand the roles that social media algorithms play in content creators’ work and help social media platforms or media literacy programs develop better policies or workshops to reflect content creators’ values, viewpoints, and priorities.
A data management system for machine learning research of tokamak
Creators: name: Wan, Chenguang
name: Yu, Zhi
name: Liu, Xiaojuan
name: Wen, Xinghao
name: Deng, Xi
name: Li, Jiangang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In recent years, machine learning (ML) research methods have received increasing attention in the tokamak community. The conventional database (i.e., MDSplus for tokamak) of experimental data has been designed for small group consumption and is mainly aimed at simultaneous visualization of a small amount of data. The ML data access patterns fundamentally differ from traditional data access patterns. The typical MDSplus database is increasingly showing its limitations. We developed a new data management system suitable for tokamak machine learning research based on Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST) data. The data management system is based on MongoDB and Hierarchical Data Format version 5 (HDF5). Currently, the entire data management has more than 3000 channels of data. The system can provide highly reliable concurrent access. The system includes error correction, MDSplus original data conversion, and high-performance sequence data output. Further, some valuable functions are implemented to accelerate ML model training of fusion, such as bucketing generator, the concatenating buffer, and distributed sequence generation. This data management system is more suitable for fusion machine learning model R\&D than MDSplus, but it can not replace the MDSplus database. The MDSplus database is still the backend for EAST tokamak data acquisition and storage.
Social context and the importance of religious faith in the lives of American teenagers: an exploration of family, school, and geography
Creators: name: McKendry-Smith, Emily Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2007

description: This paper examines the relationship between three contexts -- family, school, and geography -- and the salience of religion for American adolescents above and beyond the frequency with which they attend religious services. Using ordered logistic regression and data from the National Study of Youth and Religion, I find that while select family, school, and geography variables are significantly related to adolescent religious salience, no school or geographic context variables are significant when combined with family context in a final model. This suggests that while all three contexts are capable of impacting adolescent religious salience, family, as the most proximate context, may have the strongest and most immediate influence. Chow tests reveal that the three contexts operate in similar ways for all religious traditions.
Optimal Parallel Sequential Change Detection under Generalized Performance Measures
Creators: name: Lu, Zexian
name: Chen, Yunxiao
name: Li, Xiaoou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper considers the detection of change points in parallel data streams, a problem widely encountered when analyzing large-scale real-time streaming data. Each stream may have its own change point, at which its data has a distributional change. With sequentially observed data, a decision maker needs to declare whether changes have already occurred to the streams at each time point.Once a stream is declared to have changed, it is deactivated permanently so that its future data will no longer be collected. This is a compound decision problem in the sense that the decision maker may want to optimize certain compound performance metrics that concern all the streams as a whole. Thus, the decisions are not independent for different streams. Our contribution is three-fold. First, we propose a general framework for compound performance metrics that includes the ones considered in the existing works as special cases and introduces new ones that connect closely with the performance metrics for single-stream sequential change detection and large-scale hypothesis testing. Second, data-driven decision procedures are developed under this framework. Finally, optimality results are established for the proposed decision procedures. The proposed methods and theory are evaluated by simulation studies and a case study.
Polarization and variability of compact sources measured in Planck time-ordered data
Creators: name: Rocha, G.
name: Keskitalo, R.
name: Partridge, B.
name: Marscher, A.
name: O'Dea, C.
name: Pearson, T. J.
name: Górski, K. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper introduces a new Planck Catalog of Polarized and Variable Compact Sources (PCCS-PV) comprising 153 sources, the majority of which are extragalactic. The data include both the total flux density and linear polarization measured by Planck with frequency coverage from 30 to 353 GHz, and temporal spacing ranging from days to years. We classify most sources as beamed, extragalactic radio sources; the catalog also includes several radio galaxies, Seyfert galaxies, and Galactic and Magellanic Cloud sources, including H IIi regions and planetary nebulae. An advanced extraction method applied directly to the multifrequency Planck time-ordered data, rather than the mission sky maps, was developed to allow an assessment of the variability of polarized sources. Our analysis of the time-ordered data from the Planck mission, tod2flux, allowed us to catalog the time-varying emission and polarization properties for these sources at the full range of polarized frequencies employed by Planck, 30 to 353 GHz. PCCS-PV provides the time- and frequency-dependent, polarized flux densities for all 153 sources. To illustrate some potential applications of the PCCS- PV, we conducted preliminary comparisons of our measurements of selected sources with published data from other astronomical instruments. In summary, we find general agreement between the Planck and the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) polarization measurements as well as with the Metsähovi 37 GHz values at closely similar epochs. These combined measurements also show the value of PCCS-PV results and the PCCS2 catalog for filling in missing spectral (or temporal) coverage and helping to define the spectral energy distributions of extragalactic sources. In turn, these results provide useful clues as to the physical properties of the sources.
description: 18 pages, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Multispecies totally asymmetric zero range process: II. Hat relation and tetrahedron equation
Creators: name: Kuniba, Atsuo
name: Maruyama, Shouya
name: Okado, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems (nlin.SI)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 81R50, 60C99

description: We consider a three-dimensional (3D) lattice model associated with the intertwiner of the quantized coordinate ring $A_q(sl_3)$, and introduce a family of layer to layer transfer matrices on $m\times n$ square lattice. By using the tetrahedron equation we derive their commutativity and bilinear relations mixing various boundary conditions. At $q=0$ and $m=n$, they lead to a new proof of the steady state probability of the $n$-species totally asymmetric zero range process obtained recently by the authors, revealing the 3D integrability in the matrix product construction.
description: 15 pages, minor corrections
Two-qubit gate in neutral atoms using transitionless quantum driving
Creators: name: Dalal, Archismita
name: Sanders, Barry C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A neutral-atom system serves as a promising platform for realizing gate-based quantum computing because of its capability to trap and control several atomic qubits in different geometries and the ability to perform strong, long-range interactions between qubits; however, the two-qubit entangling gate fidelity lags behind competing platforms such as superconducting systems and trapped ions. The aim of our work is to design a fast, robust, high-fidelity controlled-Z (CZ) gate, based on the Rydberg-blockade mechanism, for neutral atoms. We propose a gate procedure that relies on simultaneous and transitionless quantum driving of a pair of atoms using broadband lasers. By simulating a system of two interacting Caesium atoms, including spontaneous emission from excited levels and parameter fluctuations, we yield a Rydberg-blockade CZ gate with fidelity 0.9985 over an operation time of $0.12~μ$s. Our gate procedure delivers CZ gates that are superior than the state-of-the-art experimental CZ gate and the simulated CZ gates based on adiabatic driving of atoms. Our results show that our gate procedure carries significant potential for achieving scalable quantum computing using neutral atoms.
description: 22 pages
On the mass function at the inner horizon of a regular black hole
Creators: name: Iofa, Mikhail Z.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Calculations of the inner mass function of the Hayward regular black hole with fluxes are reviewed and rederived. We present detailed calculations of the inner mass function in two forms of the Ori approach (the ingoing flux is continuous, the outgoing flux is modeled by a thin null shell) and compare them with calculations in Reissner-Nordstrom black hole. A formal reason of different results is discussed. The energy density of scalar perturbations propagating from the event horizon into the Hayward black hole measured by a free falling observer near the inner horizon is calculated.
description: 14 pages, no figures
D6-Brane Model Building on Z(2)xZ(6): MSSM-like and Left-Right Symmetric Models
Creators: name: Ecker, Jill
name: Honecker, Gabriele
name: Staessens, Wieland
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We perform a systematic search for globally defined MSSM-like and left-right symmetric models on D6-branes on the T6/Z(2)xZ(6)xOR orientifold with discrete torsion. Our search is exhaustive for models that are independent of the value of the one free complex structure modulus. Preliminary investigations suggest that there exists one prototype of visible sector for MSSM-like and another for left-right symmetric models with differences arising from various hidden sector completions to global models. For each prototype, we provide the full matter spectrum, as well as the Yukawa and other three-point couplings needed to render vector-like matter states massive. This provides us with tentative explanations for the mass hierarchies within the quark and lepton sectors. We also observe that the MSSM-like models correspond to explicit realisations of the supersymmetric DFSZ axion model, and that the left-right symmetric models allow for global completions with either completely decoupled hidden sectors or with some messenger states charged under both visible and hidden gauge groups.
description: 1+95 pages, 5 figures, 40 tables
The eROSITA Final Equatorial-Depth Survey (eFEDS): X-ray properties of Subaru optically-selected clusters
Creators: name: Ota, N.
name: Nguyen-Dang, N. T.
name: Mitsuishi, I.
name: Oguri, M.
name: Klein, M.
name: Okabe, N.
name: Ramos-Ceja, M. E.
name: Reiprich, T. H.
name: Pacaud, F.
name: Bulbul, E.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Liu, A.
name: Migkas, K.
name: Chiu, I.
name: Ghirardini, V.
name: Grandis, S.
name: Lin, Y. -T.
name: Miyatake, H.
name: Miyazaki, S.
name: Sanders, J. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a systematic X-ray analysis of optically rich galaxy clusters detected by the Subaru HSC survey in the eROSITA eFEDS field. Through a joint analysis of SRG/eROSITA and Subaru/HSC surveys, we aim to study the dynamical status of the optically selected clusters and derive the cluster scaling relations. The sample consists of 43 optically selected galaxy clusters with a richness $>40$ in $0.16
description: 12 pages, 4 figures, A&A accepted, minor correction
Green's Function Knockout Formalism
Creators: name: Hebborn, Chloë
name: Potel, Gregory
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Knockout nuclear reactions, in which a nucleon is removed from a nucleus as a result of the collision with another nucleus, have been widely used as an experimental tool, both to populate isotopes further removed from stability, and to obtain information about the single-particle nature of the nuclear spectrum. In order to fully exploit the experimental information, theory is needed for the description of both the structure of the nuclei involved, and the dynamics associated with the nucleon removal mechanisms. The standard approach, using theoretical shell-model spectroscopic factors for the structure description coupled with an eikonal model of reaction, has been successful when used in the context of the removal of valence nucleons in nuclei close to stability. However, it has been argued that the reaction theory might need to be revisited in the case of exotic nuclei, more specifically for highly asymmetric nuclei in which the deficient species (neutrons or protons) is being removed. We present here a new formalism for the nucleon-removal and -addition reaction through knockout and transfer reactions, that treats consistently structure and reaction properties using dispersive optical potentials. In particular, our formalism includes the dynamical effects associated with the removal of a neutron from the projectile, which might explain the long standing puzzle of the quenching of spectroscopic factors in nuclei with extreme neutrons-to-protons ratios.
description: Significant modifications, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C
Complexation of anthocyanin-bound blackcurrant pectin and whey protein: Effect of pH and heat treatment
Creators: name: Salleh, Nurhazwani
name: Goh, Kelvin KT
name: Waterland, Mark R.
name: Huffman, Lee M.
name: Weeks, Mike
name: Matia-Merino, Lara
Publisher: name: AgResearch
Year: 2023
Subjects: Plant biology

description: A complexation study between blackcurrant pectin (BCP) and whey protein (WP) was carried out to investigate the impact of bound anthocyanins on pectin–protein interactions. The effects of pH (3.5 and 4.5), heating (85 °C, 15 min), and heating sequence (mixed-heated or heated-mixed) were studied. The pH influenced the color, turbidity, particle size, and zeta-potential of the mixtures, but its impact was mainly significant when heating was introduced. Heating increased the amount of BCP in the complexes—especially at pH 3.5, where 88% w/w of the initial pectin was found in the sedimented (insoluble) fraction. Based on phase-separation measurements, the mixed-heated system at pH 4.5 displayed greater stability than at pH 3.5. Heating sequence was essential in preventing destabilization of the systems; mixing of components before heating produced a more stable system with small complexes (<300 nm) and relatively low polydispersity. However, heating WP before mixing with BCP prompted protein aggregation—producing large complexes (>400 nm) and worsening the destabilization. Peak shifts and emergence (800–1200 cm−1) in infrared spectra confirmed that BCP and WP functional groups were altered after mixing and heating via electrostatic, hydrophobic, and hydrogen bonding interactions. This study demonstrated that appropriate processing conditions can positively impact anthocyanin-bound pectin–protein interactions.
Searching for OH maser emission towards the MIPSGAL compact Galactic bubbles
Creators: name: Ingallinera, A.
name: Trigilio, C.
name: Leto, P.
name: Umana, G.
name: Buemi, C.
name: Cerrigone, L.
name: Agliozzo, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We conducted radio observations searching for OH 18-cm maser emission from a sample of 169 unclassified MIPSGAL compact Galactic bubbles. These sources are thought to be the circumstellar envelopes of different kinds of evolved stars. Our observations were aimed at shedding light on the nature of MIPSGAL bubbles, since their characterisation is a fundamental aid for the development of accurate physical models of stellar and Galaxy evolution. The maser emission is observatively linked to the last stages of the life of low- and intermediate-mass stars, which may constitute a significant fraction of the MIPSGAL bubbles. In particular OH masers are usually observed towards post-AGB stars. Our observations were performed with the Green Bank Telescope and, for each source, produced spectra around the four OH 18-cm transitions. The observations were compared with archive interferometer data in order to exclude possible contamination from nearby sources. The main result is that the OH maser emission is not a common feature among the MIPSGAL bubbles, with only one certain detection. We conclude that among the MIPSGAL bubbles the post-AGB stars could be very rare.
Supplemental materials for preprint: Punishing the individual or the group for norm violation
Creators: name: El Zein, Marwa
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Information for the shared data of the punishment study: NaN and -1 values are present when the information was irrelevant to the current trial, filtering for the correct role will allow to have all the information needed. -sub: participant id -age: participant's age -gend: participant's gender 1=male, 2=female -svo: social value orientation 1 individualistic 2 prosocial 3 altruist -psych: psychopathy score -polid: political identification 1 to 7 from Strongly Liberal to Strongly Conservative (4=Neutral) -session: session 1 or session 2 -game: 1=Ultimatum Game, 2= Third-party punishment Dictator Game -groupcond: 1=individual 2=group -offercond: offer given from 0 to 5 -offergroup: final offer made by the group when the participant played the proposer role -offermade: offer made by the participant when playing the proposer role -offermadert: reaction time to make the offer -punish: 1=participant decided to punish, 0= not to punish -punishrt: reaction time to punish -reject: whether the offer was hypothetically rejected (1) or not (0) when the participant played the proposer role in the UG -role: the role the participant was playing: 1, proposer in UG, 2 receiver in UG, 3 proposer in TP-DG, 4 receiver in TP-DG, 5 Punisher in TP-DG
An introduction to agent-based modelling in demography
Creators: name: Villavicencio, Francisco
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: ABM
subject: Agent-based model
subject: Computational demography
subject: Micro-simulation
subject: Population dynamics
subject: Sex ratio at birth

description: In: Fischer, J., P. Mazouch, K. Hulíková Tesárková, and O. Kurtinová (eds.), New generations in demography: New challenging adventures in the population science, Chap. 7, pp. 71-82. Prague: Oeconomica.
Protein Sequence Diversity in the Pan-Genome of Soy
Creators: name: Prigozhin, Daniil M
name: Rangavajjhala, Sanjay
name: Krasileva, Ksenia V
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Protein evolution proceeds via generation of new variants and the combined effects of selection and drift that alter the frequency of individual alleles. Reference-quality pan-genomes allow analysis of abundance of protein sequence variants genome wide. This intra-species protein sequence diversity is generally lower than that observed in inter-species comparisons. It allows identification of the highly variable (HV) sub-families of proteins that stand out for their abundance of amino acid variants. We have initially identified HV protein subfamilies in the plant intracellular immune receptors. Here, we used the pan-genome of soy to find other protein families that show a similarly high level of sequence diversity. They include HV subsets of receptor-like proteins, receptor-like kinases of several families, small molecule and nucleic acid-modifying enzymes, and transporters. Together our results point to plant immune processes as key contributors to genome-wide protein diversity.
How much metals did the first stars provide to the ultra-faint dwarfs?
Creators: name: Sanati, Mahsa
name: Jeanquartier, Fabien
name: Revaz, Yves
name: Jablonka, Pascale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations of dwarf galaxies have so far failed to reproduce the observed metallicity-luminosity relation, down to the ultra-faint dwarfs (UFDs). We address this issue exploring how the first generations of metal-free stars (Pop III) could help increase the mean metallicity of those faint galaxies. We run zoom-in chemo-dynamical simulations of nineteen halos extracted from a cosmological box and follow down to redshift 0. Models are validated not only on the basis of galaxy global properties, but also the stellar abundance ratios. We identify the necessary conditions for the formation of first stars in mini-halos and derive constraints on the metal ejection schemes. The impact of Pop III stars on the final metallicity of UFDs is evaluated by considering different IMFs, the influence of pair-instability supernovae (PISNe) and their energetic feedback, as well as the metallicity threshold marks the transition from first stars to the formation of low-mass long-lived stars. The inclusion of Pop III stars does increase the global metallicity of UFDs, though insufficient to resolve the tension with observations. PISNe with progenitor masses above 140Msun do allow to further increase the metal content of UFDs. However, as PISNe are rare and sometimes absent in the faintest UFDs, they have a limited impact on the global faint end of the metallicity-luminosity relation. Despite a limited number of spectroscopically confirmed members in UFDs, that makes the metallicity distribution of some UFDs uncertain, our analysis reveals this is the metal-rich tail that is missing in the models. The remaining challenges are thus both observational and numerical: i) to extend high resolution spectroscopy data samples and confirm the mean metallicity of the faintest UFDs, ii) to explain the presence of chemically enriched stars in galaxies with very short star formation histories.
Immediate Effects of Transcranial Alternating Current Stimulation on Quadriceps Active Motor Threshold and Central Activation Ratio
Creators: name: Zaleski, Ariel
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2016

description: Quadriceps muscle dysfunction is commonly reported in individuals with knee joint injury. Decreased corticospinal excitability and activation are believed to be the neural causes of quadriceps dysfunction following knee joint injury. The purpose of this study was to examine if transcranial alternating current stimulation (tACS) can acutely alter corticospinal excitability and voluntary activation of the quadriceps in healthy individuals. Active motor threshold (AMT) and central activation ratio (CAR) were evaluated in a single-blinded, crossover study. Thirty-four participants were counterbalanced over 2 testing sessions to receive tACS or control. A dependent samples t-test was used to examine percent change scores for AMT and CAR between the two sessions. A post-hoc analysis was also run to evaluate any association between AMT percent change scores for the two sessions. No significant difference was found between the percent change scores and no association was found between the intervention and control sessions for AMT.
The Role of Museums in Safeguarding Intangible Cultural Heritage Through Documentation Practices
Creators: name: Kandil, Mustafa
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2023

description: Museums have played a crucial role in preserving tangible cultural heritage for centuries. However, with the rise of globalization and the increasing threat to intangible cultural heritage (ICH), museums have expanded their role to involve safeguarding ICH. This thesis investigates the role of museums in safeguarding ICH through documentation practices. The research will utilize a qualitative methodology that extensively reviews existing literature on the topic. It will also involve a case study of several museums to determine how they have incorporated ICH into their documentation practices. The findings reveal that museums have followed various approaches to safeguarding ICH through documentation practices. These approaches contain creating digital archives, partnering with communities, and utilizing multimedia platforms. The research also emphasizes challenges museums face in safeguarding ICH, such as the deficiency of resources, copyright issues, and ethical concerns. In conclusion, the study demonstrates that museums play a crucial role in safeguarding ICH through documentation practices. The research advises museums to adopt a holistic approach that involves partnering with communities and new documentation methods to safeguard ICH. The study also recommends that museums assign adequate resources to develop documentation practices to safeguard ICH.
Hypermagnetic gyrotropy, inflation and the baryon asymmetry of the Universe
Creators: name: Giovannini, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of the hypermagnetic gyrotropy when the electric and magnetic gauge couplings evolve at different rates, as it happens in the the relativistic theory of the Van der Waals forces. If a pseudo-scalar interaction breaks the duality symmetry of the corresponding equations, the gyrotropic configurations of the hypermagnetic fields can be amplified from the vacuum during an inflationary stage of expansion. After charting the parameter space of the model in terms of the rates of evolution of the magnetic and electric gauge couplings, we identify the regions where the gyrotropy is sufficiently intense to seed the baryon asymmetry of the Universe at the electroweak epoch while the backreaction constraints, the strong coupling bounds and the other astrophysical limits are concurrently satisfied.
description: 8 pages, one figure
Analysis Plan
Creators: name: Lin, Audrie
name: Silvera, Alexis
name: Butzin-Dozier, Zachary
name: Mertens, Andrew
name: Tan, Sophia
name: Li, Amy
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Life Sciences

description: WASH Benefits Bangladesh: Maternal Exposure to Intimate Partner Violence, Maternal Depression, Parental Stress and Child Stress Biomarkers Analysis Plan Date updated: 29 January 2021
pRF data comparison between London 1.5T & Auckland 3T
Creators: name: Schwarzkopf, D. Samuel
name: Morgan, Catherine
Publisher: name: Open Science Framework
Year: 2022

description: Visual pRF maps were collected in the same 3 participants on a 1.5T Siemens Avanto in London, UK and a 3T Siemens Skyra in Auckland, NZ.
Detection and characterisation of conductive objects using electromagnetic induction and a fluxgate magnetometer
Creators: name: Elson, Lucy
name: Meraki, Adil
name: Rushton, Lucas M.
name: Pyragius, Tadas
name: Jensen, Kasper
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Eddy currents induced in electrically conductive objects can be used to locate metallic objects as well as to assess the properties of materials non-destructively without physical contact. This technique is useful for material identification, such as measuring conductivity and for discriminating whether a sample is magnetic or non-magnetic. In this study, we carried out experiments and numerical simulations for the evaluation of conductive objects. We investigated the frequency dependence of the secondary magnetic field generated by induced eddy currents when a conductive object is placed in a primary oscillating magnetic field. According to the electromagnetic theory, conductive objects have different responses at different frequencies. Using a table-top setup consisting of a fluxgate magnetometer and a primary coil generating a magnetic field with frequency up to 1 kHz, we are able to detect aluminium and steel cylinders using the principle of electromagnetic induction. The experimental results are compared with numerical simulations and we find overall a good agreement. This technique enables identification and characterisation of objects using their electrical conductivity and magnetic permeability.
description: 16 pages, 13 figures
Symmetry Resolved Entanglement of Excited States in Quantum Field Theory II: Numerics, Interacting Theories and Higher Dimensions
Creators: name: Capizzi, Luca
name: De Fazio, Cecilia
name: Mazzoni, Michele
name: Santamaría-Sanz, Lucía
name: Castro-Alvaredo, Olalla A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a recent paper we studied the entanglement content of zero-density excited states in complex free quantum field theories, focusing on the symmetry resolved entanglement entropy (SREE). By zero-density states we mean states consisting of a fixed, finite number of excitations above the ground state in an infinite-volume system. The SREE is defined for theories that possess an internal symmetry and provides a measure of the contribution to the total entanglement of each symmetry sector. In our work, we showed that the ratio of Fourier-transforms of the SREEs (i.e. the ratio of charged moments) takes a very simple and universal form for these states, which depends only on the number, statistics and symmetry charge of the excitations as well as the relative size of the entanglement region with respect to the whole system's size. In this paper we provide numerical evidence for our formulae by computing functions of the charged moments in two free lattice theories: a 1D Fermi gas and a complex harmonic chain. We also extend our results in two directions: by showing that they apply also to excited states of interacting theories (i.e. magnon states) and by developing a higher dimensional generalisation of the branch point twist field picture, leading to results in (interacting) higher-dimensional models.
description: 33 pages, 3 figures