cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Deprojection of X-ray data in galaxy clusters: confronting simulations with observations
Creators: name: Sarkar, Kartick C
name: Dey, Arjun
name: Sharma, Prateek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Numerical simulations with varying realism indicate an emergent principle -- multiphase condensation and large cavity power occur when the ratio of the cooling time to the free-fall time ($t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$) falls below a threshold value close to 10. Observations indeed show cool-core signatures when this ratio falls below 20-30, but the prevalence of cores with $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ ratio below 10 is rare as compared to simulations. In X-ray observations, we obtain projected spectra from which we have to infer radial gas density and temperature profiles. Using idealized models of X-ray cavities and multiphase gas in the core and 3-D hydro jet-ICM simulations, we quantify the biases introduced by deprojection based on the assumption of spherical symmetry in determining $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$. We show that while the used methods are able to recover the $t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$ ratio for relaxed clusters, they have an uncertainty of a factor of $2-3$ in systems containing large cavities ($\gtrsim 20$ kpc). We also show that the mass estimates from these methods, in the absence of X-ray spectra close to the virial radius, suffer from a degeneracy between the virial mass ($M_{200}$) and the concentration parameter ($c$) in the form of $M_{200} c^2 \approx$ constant. Additionally, lack of soft-X-ray ($\lesssim 0.5$ keV) coverage and poor spatial resolution make us overestimate min($t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$) by a factor of few in clusters with min($t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$) $\lesssim 5$. This bias can largely explain the lack of cool-core clusters with min($t_{\rm cool}/t_{\rm ff}$) $\lesssim 5$.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS. Comments are welcome
A compact linear accelerator based on a scalable microelectromechanical-system RF-structure
Creators: name: Persaud, A.
name: Ji, Q.
name: Feinberg, E.
name: Seidl, P. A.
name: Waldron, W. L.
name: Lal, A.
name: Vinayakumar, K. B.
name: Ardanuc, S.
name: Hammer, D. A.
name: Schenkel, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Accelerator Physics (physics.acc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A new approach for a compact radio-frequency (RF) accelerator structure is presented. The new accelerator architecture is based on the Multiple Electrostatic Quadrupole Array Linear Accelerator (MEQALAC) structure that was first developed in the 1980s. The MEQALAC utilized RF resonators producing the accelerating fields and providing for higher beam currents through parallel beamlets focused using arrays of electrostatic quadrupoles (ESQs). While the early work obtained ESQs with lateral dimensions on the order of a few centimeters, using printed circuits board (PCB), we reduce the characteristic dimension to the millimeter regime, while massively scaling up the potential number of parallel beamlets. Using Microelectromechanical systems scalable fabrication approaches, we are working on further reducing the characteristic dimension to the sub-millimeter regime. The technology is based on RF-acceleration components and ESQs implemented in PCB or silicon wafers where each beamlet passes through beam apertures in the wafer. The complete accelerator is then assembled by stacking these wafers. This approach has the potential for fast and inexpensive batch fabrication of the components and flexibility in system design for application specific beam energies and currents. For prototyping the accelerator architecture, the components have been fabricated using PCB. In this paper, we present proof of concept results of the principal components using PCB: RF acceleration and ESQ focusing. Ongoing developments on implementing components in silicon and scaling of the accelerator technology to high currents and beam energies are discussed.
Distinguishing between $Λ$CDM and $f(R)$ gravity models using halo ellipticity correlations in simulations
Creators: name: Chuang, Yao-Tsung
name: Okumura, Teppei
name: Shirasaki, Masato
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There is a growing interest in utilizing intrinsic alignment (IA) of galaxy shapes as a geometric and dynamical probe of cosmology. In this paper we present the first measurements of IA in a modified gravity model using the gravitational shear-intrinsic ellipticity correlation (GI) and intrinsic ellipticity-ellipticity correlation (II) functions of dark-matter halos from $f(R)$ gravity simulations. By comparing them with the same statistics measured in $Λ$CDM simulations, we find that the IA statistics in different gravity models show distinguishable features, with a trend similar to the case of conventional galaxy clustering statistics. Thus, the GI and II correlations are found to be useful in distinguishing between the $Λ$CDM and $f(R)$ gravity models. More quantitatively, IA statistics enhance detectability of the imprint of $f(R)$ gravity on large scale structures by $\sim 40\%$ when combined with the conventional halo clustering in redshift space. We also find that the correlation between the axis ratio and orientation of halos becomes stronger in $f(R)$ gravity than that in $Λ$CDM. Our results demonstrate the usefulness of IA statistics as a probe of gravity beyond a consistency test of $Λ$CDM and general relativity.
description: 7 pages, 5 figures, 1 table; Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Development and Performance Evaluation of Garlic Splitter Cum Grader
Creators: name: Ahmad, Shahzad
name: Riaz, Mahmood
name: Khan, Ihtesham Hussain
name: Ashraf, Hadeed
name: Awais, Muhammad
name: Hussain, Ghulam
name: Muti ur Rahman Sarwar, Muhammad
name: Saeed, Muhammad
name: Rashid, Tehmena
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural engineering

description: Agriculture in Pakistan is vital for the country's economy and food security, employing over 40% of the workforce and contributing significantly to the GDP. Beside major cash crops, different vegetables and fruits including garlic have a potentially high economic value. Across the farming community, garlic is usually split manually using labor force. For planting purpose, graded garlic cloves are required. Therefore, there is a need for a machine which splits and grades the garlic simultaneously. In this study, a garlic splitter cum grader was developed and its performance was evaluated. According to the results, the machine achieved 48 times more garlic splitting compared to manual labor per working day. Additionally, the machine achieved a material capacity of 6 maund/working hour. The machine was tested at different rpm, clearance, feed rate, and bulb size. In addition, two different varieties of garlic namely Chinese and Desi variety were used for the performance evaluation. The machine splits and grades the garlic cloves into three different categories (i.e., small, medium, large). Furthermore, it was observed that the manual labor only provides splitting service whereas the machine provides splitting as well as grading. It was concluded that the machine could potentially save 346 PKR/maund of split garlic.
Recommendations on TNFα inhibitor biosimilar use in clinical practice: a comparison of European gastroenterology IBD guidance
Creators: name: Meijboom, Rosanne W
name: Barbier, Liese
name: Druedahl, Louise C
name: Sarnola, Kati
name: Tolonen, Hanna M
name: Gardarsdottir, Helga
name: Egberts, ACG
name: Giezen, Thijs J
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Cancer

description: : Professional associations publish guidance advising gastroenterologists on prescribing biosimilars; however, guidelines differ between countries and change over time. This study aimed to map the presence and content of guidance from European gastroenterology associations on TNFα inhibitor biosimilar use and its development over time. Guidelines on biosimilar prescribing from national gastroenterology associations in the European Economic Area (EEA) partnered with the European Crohn’s and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) were collected. Treatment guidelines and biosimilar position papers from 2010 to 2022 were included. Data were extracted using a template. 26 of 30 EEA countries have an ECCO-partnered gastroenterology association, of which 14 (53.8%) had national guidelines addressing biosimilars, four (15.4%) followed ECCO’s position, and three (11.6%) had treatment guidelines without mentioning biosimilars. From five countries (19.2%) no guidelines were retrieved. Among 18 countries with guidance, 14 (77.8%) associations endorsed initiating biological treatment with biosimilars, and 13 (72.2%) endorsed transitioning from originator to biosimilar. Nine associations published multiple guidelines over time addressing biosimilars; overall, their positions became more encouraging. The majority of gastroenterology associations endorsed biosimilar use. The lack of (up-to-date) guidelines for some associations indicates an area of improvement to support biosimilar use in clinical practice.
(201609) James Marchant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Degenerate Parametric Light Scattering in Periodically Poled LiNbO3
Creators: name: Agulló-López, F.
name: Calvo, G.
name: Goul'kov, M.
name: Naumova, I.
name: Odoulov, S.
Publisher: name: The American Physical Society
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: 530

description: Physical Review Letters
Mapping spaces and automorphism groups of toric noncommutative spaces
Creators: name: Barnes, Gwendolyn E.
name: Schenkel, Alexander
name: Szabo, Richard J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Category Theory (math.CT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16T05, 18F20, 53D55, 81R60

description: We develop a sheaf theory approach to toric noncommutative geometry which allows us to formalize the concept of mapping spaces between two toric noncommutative spaces. As an application we study the `internalized' automorphism group of a toric noncommutative space and show that its Lie algebra has an elementary description in terms of braided derivations.
description: 30 pages. v2: Final version published in Letters in Mathematical Physics
Ian McTaggart-Cowan travel journal (1957-1958) : Tokyo, Japan; Singapore; Bangkok, Thailand; Oxford and London, England
Creators: name: McTaggart-Cowan, Ian, 1910-2010
Publisher: name: University of Victoria Libraries
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Zoological surveys
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1737955
subject: Birds
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/832970
subject: Voyages and travels
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1169308
subject: Scientific expeditions
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1108847
subject: Biology--Fieldwork
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1715645
subject: Mammals
valueUri: http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1006948

description: This journal includes research notes when Dr. Cowan traveled to Orient and England, some of them appear to be notes on filming.
Flat-band localization and interaction-induced delocalization of photons
Creators: name: Martinez, Jeronimo G. C.
name: Chiu, Christie S.
name: Smitham, Basil M.
name: Houck, Andrew A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Advances in quantum engineering have enabled the design, measurement, and precise control of synthetic condensed matter systems. The platform of superconducting circuits offers two particular capabilities: flexible connectivity of circuit elements that enables a variety of lattice geometries, and circuit nonlinearity that provides access to strongly interacting physics. Separately, these features have allowed for the creation of curved-space lattices and the realization of strongly correlated phases and dynamics in one-dimensional chains and square lattices. Missing in this suite of simulations is the simultaneous integration of interacting particles into lattices with unique band dispersions, such as dispersionless flat bands. An ideal building block for flat-band physics is the Aharonov-Bohm cage: a single plaquette of a lattice whose band structure consists entirely of flat bands. Here, we experimentally construct an Aharonov-Bohm cage and observe the localization of a single photon, the hallmark of all-bands-flat physics. Upon placing an interaction-bound photon pair into the cage, we see a delocalized walk indicating an escape from Aharonov-Bohm caging. We further find that a variation of caging persists for two particles initialized on opposite sites of the cage. These results mark the first experimental observation of a quantum walk that becomes delocalized due to interactions and establish superconducting circuits for studies of flat-band-lattice dynamics with strong interactions.
description: 8 + 9 pages, 4 + 12 figures, 0 + 2 tables; modified title, added a supplementary figure, and modified the definition used for tunneling time
Improved Approaches to Discrete and Continuous Logistic Growth
Creators: name: Kalman, Dan
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Plant Biology

description: In the precalculus curriculum, logistic growth generally appears in either a discrete or continuous setting. These actually feature distinct versions of logistic growth, and textbooks rarely provide exposure to both. In this paper, we show how each approach can be improved by incorporating an aspect of the other, based on a little known synthesis of the two approaches. The ultimate goal of the paper is to encourage precalculus instructors teaching either version of logistic growth to consider incorporating our proposed changes in their classes. Sample classroom materials are provided in the supplemental data, along with access to preprogrammed computer spreadsheets for student use and/or classroom demonstrations.
Non-Hermitian physics without gain or loss: the skin effect of reflected waves
Creators: name: Franca, S.
name: Könye, V.
name: Hassler, F.
name: Brink, J. van den
name: Fulga, I. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physically, one tends to think of non-Hermitian systems in terms of gain and loss: the decay or amplification of a mode is given by the imaginary part of its energy. Here, we introduce an alternative avenue to the realm of non-Hermitian physics, which involves neither gain nor loss. Instead, complex eigenvalues emerge from the amplitudes and phase-differences of waves backscattered from the boundary of insulators. We show that for any strong topological insulator in a Wigner-Dyson class, the reflected waves are characterized by a reflection matrix exhibiting the non-Hermitian skin effect. This leads to an unconventional Goos-Hänchen effect: due to non-Hermitian topology, waves undergo a lateral shift upon reflection, even at normal incidence. Going beyond systems with gain and loss vastly expands the set of experimental platforms that can access non-Hermitian physics and show signatures associated to non-Hermitian topology.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures + 4 pages, 2 figures supplemental material; published version
Deleuze and the everyday
Creators: name: Harding, Jacalene M.
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
(201611) Harriett Marchant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Cryogenic Characterization of FBK HD Near-UV Sensitive SiPMs
Creators: name: Acerbi, Fabio
name: Davini, Stefano
name: Ferri, Alessandro
name: Galbiati, Cristiano
name: Giovanetti, Graham
name: Gola, Alberto
name: Korga, George
name: Mandarano, Andrea
name: Marcante, Marco
name: Paternoster, Giovanni
name: Piemonte, Claudio
name: Razeto, Alessandro
name: Regazzoni, Veronica
name: Sablone, Davide
name: Savarese, Claudio
name: Zappalá, Gaetano
name: Zorzi, Nicola
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on the characterization of near-ultraviolet high density silicon photomultiplier (\SiPM) developed at Fondazione Bruno Kessler (\FBK) at cryogenic temperature. A dedicated setup was built to measure the primary dark noise and correlated noise of the \SiPMs\ between 40 and 300~K. Moreover, an analysis program and data acquisition system were developed to allow the precise characterization of these parameters, some of which can vary up to 7 orders of magnitude between room temperature and 40~K. We demonstrate that it is possible to operate the \FBK\ near-ultraviolet high density \SiPMs\ at temperatures lower than 100~K with a dark rate below 0.01 cps/mm$^2$ and total correlated noise probability below 35\% at an over-voltage of 6~V. These results are relevant for the development of future cryogenic particle detectors using \SiPMs\ as photosensors.
Baryon effects on void statistics in the EAGLE simulation
Creators: name: Paillas, Enrique
name: Lagos, Claudia D. P.
name: Padilla, Nelson
name: Tissera, Patricia
name: Helly, John
name: Schaller, Matthieu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Cosmic voids are promising tools for cosmological tests due to their sensitivity to dark energy, modified gravity and alternative cosmological scenarios. Most previous studies in the literature of void properties use cosmological N-body simulations of dark matter (DM) particles that ignore the potential effect of baryonic physics. Using a spherical underdensity finder, we analyse voids using the mass field and subhalo tracers in the EAGLE simulations, which follow the evolution of galaxies in a $\rmΛ$ cold dark matter Universe with state-of-the-art subgrid models for baryonic processes in a $(100 \rm{cMpc})^3$ volume. We study the effect of baryons on void statistics by comparing results with DM-only simulations that use the same initial conditions as EAGLE. When identifying voids in the mass field, we find that a DM-only simulation produces 24 per cent more voids than a hydrodynamical one due to the action of galaxy feedback polluting void regions with hot gas, specially for small voids with $r_{\rm{void}} \le 10\ \rm{Mpc}$. We find that the way in which galaxy tracers are selected has a strong impact on the inferred void properties. Voids identified using galaxies selected by their stellar mass are larger and have cuspier density profiles than those identified by galaxies selected by their total mass. Overall, baryons have minimal effects on void statistics, as void properties are well captured by DM-only simulations, but it is important to account for how galaxies populate DM haloes to estimate the observational effect of different cosmological models on the statistics of voids.
description: Accepted for publication in MNRAS, 21 pages, 16 figures
Computation of Input Disturbance Sets for Constrained Output Reachability
Creators: name: Mulagaleti, Sampath Kumar
name: Bemporad, Alberto
name: Zanon, Mario
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Linear models with additive unknown-but-bounded input disturbances are extensively used to model uncertainty in robust control systems design. Typically, the disturbance set is either assumed to be known a priori or estimated from data through set-membership identification. However, the problem of computing a suitable input disturbance set in case the set of possible output values is assigned a priori has received relatively little attention. This problem arises in many contexts, such as in supervisory control, actuator design, decentralized control, and others. In this paper, we propose a method to compute input disturbance sets (and the corresponding set of states) such that the resulting set of outputs matches as closely as possible a given set of outputs, while additionally satisfying strict (inner or outer) inclusion constraints. We formulate the problem as an optimization problem by relying on the concept of robust invariance. The effectiveness of the approach is demonstrated in numerical examples that illustrate how to solve safe reference set and input-constraint set computation problems.
MPEC 2023-O02 : DAILY ORBIT UPDATE (2023 July 16)
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Multiparty Delegated Quantum Computing
Creators: name: Kashefi, Elham
name: Pappa, Anna
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Quantum computing has seen tremendous progress in the past years. However, due to limitations in scalability of quantum technologies, it seems that we are far from constructing universal quantum computers for everyday users. A more feasible solution is the delegation of computation to powerful quantum servers on the network. This solution was proposed in previous studies of Blind Quantum Computation, with guarantees for both the secrecy of the input and of the computation being performed. In this work, we further develop this idea of computing over encrypted data, to propose a multiparty delegated quantum computing protocol in the measurement-based quantum computing framework.
description: 22 pages
(201604) John Marchant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Constellations of reading : Walter Benjamin in figures of actuality
Creators: name: Salzani, Carlo
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field.
Spatial speech-in-noise performance in simulated single-sided deaf and bimodal cochlear implant users in comparison with real patients
Creators: name: Jürgens, Tim
name: Wesarg, Thomas
name: Oetting, Dirk
name: Jung, Lorenz
name: Williges, Ben
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer

description: Speech reception thresholds (SRTs) in spatial scenarios were measured in simulated cochlear implant (CI) listeners with either contralateral normal hearing, or aided hearing impairment (bimodal), and compared to SRTs of real patients, who were measured using the exact same paradigm, to assess goodness of simulation. CI listening was simulated using a vocoder incorporating actual CI signal processing and physiologic details of electric stimulation on one side. Unprocessed signals or simulation of aided moderate or profound hearing impairment was used contralaterally. Three spatial speech-in-noise scenarios were tested using virtual acoustics to assess spatial release from masking (SRM) and combined benefit. Eleven normal-hearing listeners participated in the experiment. For contralateral normal and aided moderately impaired hearing, bilaterally assessed SRTs were not statistically different from unilateral SRTs of the better ear, indicating “better-ear-listening”. Combined benefit was only found for contralateral profound impaired hearing. As in patients, SRM was highest for contralateral normal hearing and decreased systematically with more severe simulated impairment. Comparison to actual patients showed good reproduction of SRTs, SRM, and better-ear-listening. The simulations reproduced better-ear-listening as in patients and suggest that combined benefit in spatial scenes predominantly occurs when both ears show poor speech-in-noise performance.
Gravitational waves from oscillons after inflation
Creators: name: Antusch, Stefan
name: Cefala, Francesco
name: Orani, Stefano
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the production of gravitational waves during preheating after inflation in the common case of field potentials that are asymmetric around the minimum. In particular, we study the impact of oscillons, comparatively long lived and spatially localized regions where a scalar field (e.g. the inflaton) oscillates with large amplitude. Contrary to a previous study, which considered a symmetric potential, we find that oscillons in asymmetric potentials associated with a phase transition can generate a pronounced peak in the spectrum of gravitational waves, that largely exceeds the linear preheating spectrum. We discuss the possible implications of this enhanced amplitude of gravitational waves. For instance, for low scale inflation models, the contribution from the oscillons can strongly enhance the observation prospects at current and future gravitational wave detectors.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures; v2: version published in PRL; v3: includes Erratum (submitted to PRL)
Thermal generation of droplet soliton in chiral magnet
Creators: name: Kuchkin, Vladyslav M.
name: Bessarab, Pavel F.
name: Kiselev, Nikolai S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Controlled creation of localized magnetic textures beyond conventional $π$-skyrmions is an important problem in the field of magnetism. Here by means of spin dynamics simulations, Monte Carlo simulations and harmonic transition state theory we demonstrate that an elementary chiral magnetic soliton with zero topological charge -- the chiral droplet -- can be reliably created by thermal fluctuations in the presence of the tilted magnetic field. The proposed protocol relies on an unusual kinetics combining the effects of the entropic stabilization and low energy barrier for the nucleation of a topologically-trivial state. Following this protocol by varying temperature and the tilt of the external magnetic field one can selectively generate chiral droplets or $π$-skyrmions in a single system. The coexistence of two distinct magnetic solitons establishes a basis for a rich magnetization dynamics and opens up the possibility for the construction of more complex magnetic textures such as skyrmion bags and skyrmions with chiral kinks.
description: 5 pages, 4 figures
Structural Optimization of Chisel Plough
Creators: name: Riaz, Mahmood
name: Ahmad, Shahzad
name: Ashraf, Hadeed
name: Awais, Muhammad
name: Hussain, Ghulam
name: Saeed, Muhammad
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Agricultural engineering

description: Performing structural optimization of tillage implements in Pakistan's agriculture sector can enhance the productivity and efficiency of land preparation, eventually leading to improved crop yields, reduced input costs, and increased profitability for farmers. In this study, structural optimization of a chisel plow is proposed. The study aims to optimize the structure of a chisel plow from the viewpoints of weight reduction, optimum equivalent stresses, and acceptable factor of safety using finite element analysis. Experimental draft of the chisel plow was determined to be 32 kN in virgin soil conditions. The finite elements analysis showed that the maximum equivalent stresses on the initial design of the chisel plow was 138 MPa with a total weight of 285 kg. Post optimization, the maximum equivalent stresses on the tillage tool increased up to 152 MPa (indicating a 14% increase) with total weight of 255 (indicating a 10.5% reduction) compared to the initial design. Thus, the study concludes that structural optimization of chisel plow can play a significant role in its weight reduction without compromising on failure or breakage.
Forty years on: a new national study of hearing in England and implications for global hearing health policy
Creators: name: Tsimpida, Dialechti
name: Panagioti, Maria
name: Kontopantelis, Evangelos
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: We aimed to update the prevalence estimates of hearing loss in older adults in England using a nationally representative sample of adults aged 50 years old and older. A comparative cross-sectional study design was implemented. Hearing loss was defined as ≥35 dB HL at 3.0 kHz, as measured via Hearcheck in the better-hearing ear. We compared the estimates based on the English census in 2015 to estimates from psychoacoustic hearing data available for 8,263 participants in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) Wave 7 (2014–2015). Marked regional variability in hearing loss prevalence was revealed among participants with similar age profiles. The regional differences in hearing outcomes reached up to 13.53% in those belonging to the 71–80 years old group; the prevalence of hearing loss was 49.22% in the North East of England (95%CI 48.0–50.4), versus 35.69% in the South East (95%CI 34.8–36.50). A socio-spatial approach in planning sustainable models of hearing care based on the actual populations’ needs and not on age demographics might offer a viable opportunity for healthier lives. Regular assessment of the extent and causality of the population’s different audiological needs within the country is strongly supported.
Optimizing frequency allocation for fixed-frequency superconducting quantum processors
Creators: name: Morvan, Alexis
name: Chen, Larry
name: Larson, Jeffrey M.
name: Santiago, David I.
name: Siddiqi, Irfan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Fixed-frequency superconducting quantum processors are one of the most mature quantum computing architectures with high-coherence qubits and simple controls. However, high-fidelity multi-qubit gates pose tight requirements on individual qubit frequencies in these processors , and these constraints are difficult to satisfy when constructing larger processors due to the large dispersion in the fabrication of Josephson junctions. In this article, we propose a mixed-integer-programming-based optimization approach that determines qubit frequencies to maximize the fabrication yield of quantum processors. We study traditional qubit and qutrit (three-level) architectures with cross-resonance interaction processors. We compare these architectures to a differential AC-Stark shift based on entanglement gates and show that our approach greatly improves the fabrication yield and also increases the scalability of these devices. Our approach is general and can be adapted to problems where one must avoid specific frequency collisions.
Facteurs de succès dans l’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère ou seconde
Creators: name: Πανουσοπούλου, Κωνσταντίνα Ε.
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Γλωσσική εκμάθηση
Ατομικές διαφορές
Γλωσσική διδασκαλία
Παράγοντες επιτυχίας
Language learning
Individual differences
Language teaching
Factors of success

description: Η πολυγλωσσία και η εκμάθηση γλωσσών αποτελούν στις σύγχρονες κοινωνίες όλο και πιο συχνά φαινόμενα εξαιτίας της αυξανόμενης κινητικότητας ανθρώπων και λαών. Η παρούσα μελέτη πραγματεύεται το ζήτημα των παραγόντων που συνεισφέρουν στην επιτυχία της εκμάθησης δεύτερης ή ξένης γλώσσας, με αφορμή την κοινή διαπίστωση ότι παρατηρείται σημαντική διακύμανση στις επιδόσεις σε επικοινωνιακό επίπεδο όσων επιχειρούν να κατακτήσουν μια γλώσσα άλλη από τη μητρική τους. Χρησιμοποιώντας ποικίλες ερευνητικές μεθόδους, όπως ερωτηματολόγια, συνεντεύξεις, συγκριτική ανάλυση, περιγραφική στατιστική, ανάλυση συσχετίσεων και παλινδρόμησης, αναγνωρίσαμε τους επικρατέστερους παράγοντες επιτυχίας στους μαθητές-χρήστες της γλώσσας στόχου, λαμβάνοντας υπόψη τις ιδιαιτερότητές τους. Εξετάσαμε επίσης τις σχέσεις αυτών των παραγόντων με τα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά όσων αριστεύουν σε μια ξένη γλώσσα. Ιδιαίτερη προσοχή αποδόθηκε στα στοιχεία εκείνα που επιτρέπουν την πρόβλεψη της επιτυχίας, όπως αυτό της συσχέτισης της πρακτικής εξάσκησης με τον παράγοντα καθηγητή και τάξη, ή ακόμα της διάθεσης επικοινωνίας του μαθητή στη γλώσσα στόχο σε συνδυασμό με την αντιληπτική του ικανότητα.
description: Multilingualism and language learning constitute increasingly common phenomena in contemporary societies due to people’s rising mobility. The present study aims to investigate the factors that contribute to the success in second or foreign language learning, based on the observation that the performances in communication of those who attempt to master a language, other than their mother language, vary considerably. Using various methods, such as questionnaires, interviews, comparative analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation and regression analysis, we identified predominant factors of success in learners-users of the target language, taking their particularities into consideration. We have also examined the relations of those factors with specific characteristics of learners who excel in foreign language. A particular importance was accorded to elements that permit success prediction, as it is the correlation between practice and the factor teacher and class, or even the learner’s willingness to communicate in target language and his or her cognitive perception.
The effect of fire on birds and implications for fire management: a case study in mallee ecosystems of south-eastern Australia
Creators: name: Taylor, Richard S.
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: A thesis submitted in total fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Zoology, School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, Technology and Engineering La Trobe University, Bundoora.
Hölderlin after the catastrophe : Heidegger, Adorno, Brecht
Creators: name: Savage, Robert
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2021

description: This thesis was scanned from the print manuscript for digital preservation and is copyright the author.
 Researchers can access this thesis by asking their local university, institution or public library to
 make a request on their behalf. Monash staff and postgraduate students can use the link in the References field. Winner of the Mollie Holman Doctoral Medal for Excellence
Landau damping of surface plasmons in metal nanostructures
Creators: name: Shahbazyan, Tigran V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We develop a quantum-mechanical theory for Landau damping of surface plasmons in metal nanostructures larger that the characteristic length for nonlocal effects. We show that the electron surface scattering, which facilitates plasmon decay in small nanostructures, can be incorporated into the metal dielectric function on par with phonon and impurity scattering. The derived surface scattering rate is determined by the plasmon local field polarization relative to the metal-dielectric interface and is highly sensitive to the system geometry. We illustrate our model by providing analytical results for surface scattering rate in some common shape nanostructures.
description: 10 pages, 3 figures
Quasiparticle metamorphosis in the random t-J model
Creators: name: Kumar, Aman
name: Sachdev, Subir
name: Tripathi, Vikram
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Motivated by the pseudogap-Fermi liquid transition in doped Mott insulators, we examine the excitations of a $t$-$J$ model with random and all-to-all hopping and exchange. The stability of quasiparticles such as spin-1/2 fermions, spin-1 magnons, and emergent Jordan-Wigner (JW) spinless fermions is cast as a problem of localization in the many-body Hilbert space, which is studied by the FEAST eigensolver algorithm. At low dopings, magnons and JW fermions are better defined than spin-1/2 fermions, which are unstable. Upon crossing a critical value of doping around $p_c$ = 1/3, their stabilities are interchanged. Near the critical doping, these quasiparticles are all found to be ill-defined. The critical point is thus associated with a localization transition in the many-body Hilbert space
description: 7 pages, 6 figures
Rotated $μ$\,--\,$τ$ Symmetry for One Generic Neutrino Mixing Angle: An analytical Study
Creators: name: Lashin, E. I.
name: Chamoun, N.
name: Hamzaoui, C.
name: Nasri, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We find a realization of the $Z_2$-symmetry in the neutrino mass matrix which expresses a rotation of the $μ-τ$ symmetry and is able to impose a generic smallest mixing angle, in contrast to a zero-value predicted by the usual non-rotated form of the $μ-τ$ symmetry. We extend this symmetry for the lepton sector within type-I seesaw scenario, and show it can accommodate the mixing angles, the mass hierarchies and the lepton asymmetry in the universe. We then study the effects of perturbing the specific form of the neutrino mass matrix imposed by the symmetry and compute the resulting mixing and mass spectrum. We trace back this "low-scale" perturbation to a "high-scale" perturbation, and find realizations of this latter one arising from exact symmetries with an enriched matter content.
description: 30 pages, version to appear in PRD
Conflict resolution in Australian primary school children: Exploring How Australian Primary School Children Handle Conflict and Outcomes of the Wise Ways to Win Conflict Resolution Program
Creators: name: Kelly, Leanne
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Psychology in Clinical Psychology to the School of Psychological Science, Faculty of Science, Technology, and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora.
Gravelamps: Gravitational Wave Lensing Mass Profile Model Selection
Creators: name: Wright, Mick
name: Hendry, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the package Gravelamps which is designed to analyse lensed gravitational wave signals in order to constrain the mass density profile of the lensing object. Gravelamps does this via parameter estimation using the framework of bilby, which enables estimation of both the lens and the source parameters. The package can be used to study both microlensing and macrolensing cases -- where the lensing mass distribution is described by a point mass and extended mass density profile respectively -- and allows the user to easily and freely switch between the full wave optics and approximate geometric optics description. The performance of Gravelamps is demonstrated via simulated analysis of both mircolensing and macrolensing events, illustrating its capability for both parameter estimation and model selection in the wave optics and hybrid environments. To further demonstrate the utility of the package, the real gravitational-wave event GW170809 was analysed using Gravelamps; this event was found to yield no strong evidence supporting the lensing hypothesis, consistent with previously published results.
description: 17 Pages (15 excluding bibliography) 5 Figures, 1 Table, Gravelamps source code found at: https://git.ligo.org/michael.wright/Gravelamps
(201606) William Marchant
Creators: name: Professions, Victorian
Publisher: name: University of Oxford
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: 220201 Business and Labour History
subject: FOS: Philosophy, ethics and religion
subject: History
subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This three-year research project began in January 2014 and investigated whether, during the Victorian period, the professions formed a distinct self-sustaining social group with its own mores and values. The project looked at 16,000 individuals drawn from census data for Alnwick, Brighton, Bristol, Dundee, Greenock, Leeds, Merthyr Tydfil, Morpeth, and Winchester. The research project was funded by the UK Economic & Social Research Council and was based at the Universities of Oxford and Northumbria.
Off-axis emission of short gamma-ray bursts and the detectability of electromagnetic counterparts of gravitational wave detected binary mergers
Creators: name: Lazzati, Davide
name: Deich, Alex
name: Morsony, Brian J.
name: Workman, Jared C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present calculations of the wide angle emission of short-duration gamma-ray bursts from compact binary merger progenitors. Such events are expected to be localized by their gravitational wave emission, fairly irrespective of the orientation of the angular momentum vector of the system, along which the gamma-ray burst outflow is expected to propagate. We show that both the prompt and afterglow emission are dim and challenging to detect for observers lying outside of the cone within which the relativistic outflow is propagating. If the jet initially propagates through a baryon contaminated region surrounding the merger site, however, a hot cocoon forms around it. The cocoon subsequently expands quasi-isotropically producing its own prompt emission and external shock powered afterglow. We show that the cocoon prompt emission is detectable by Swift BAT and Fermi GBM, We also show that the cocoon afterglow peaks a few hours to a few days after the burst and is detectable for up to a few weeks at all wavelengths. The timing and brightness of the transient are however uncertain due to their dependence on unknown quantities such as the density of the ambient medium surrounding the merger site, the cocoon energy, and the cocoon Lorentz factor. For a significant fraction of the gravitationally-detected neutron-star-binary mergers, the cocoon afterglow could possibly be the only identifiable electromagnetic counterpart, at least at radio and X-ray frequencies.
description: 10 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
MPEC 2023-O03 : 2023 NU1
Creators: name: Minor Planet Center Staff
Publisher: name: The Minor Planet Center
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Small Solar System bodies
valueUri: http://astrothesaurus.org/uat/1469
subject: 2023 NU1

description: The Minor Planet Electronic Circulars contain information on unusual minor planets, routine data on comets and natural satellites, and occasional editorial announcements.  They are published on behalf of Division F of the International Astronomical Union by the Minor Planet Center, Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.
Men with prostate cancer: psychological, symptom, and decision-related distress across time
Creators: name: Lederman, Leah Fruma
Publisher: name: La Trobe
Year: 2023

description: Submission note: A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Clinical Psychology. to the School of Psychological Science, Faculty of Science, Technology, and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora.