cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Flexible Dynamics of Two Quorum Sensing Coupled Repressilators
Creators: name: Hellen, Edward H.
name: Volkov, Evgeny
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Biological Physics (physics.bio-ph)
subject: Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO)
subject: Molecular Networks (q-bio.MN)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Genetic oscillators play important roles in cell life regulation. The regulatory efficiency usually depends strongly on the emergence of stable collective dynamic modes, which requires designing the interactions between genetic networks. We investigate the dynamics of two identical synthetic genetic repressilators coupled by an additional plasmid which implements quorum sensing (QS) in each network thereby supporting global coupling. In a basic genetic ring oscillator network in which three genes inhibit each other in unidirectional manner, QS stimulates the transcriptional activity of chosen genes providing for competition between inhibitory and stimulatory activities localized in those genes. The "promoter strength", the Hill cooperativity coefficient of transcription repression, and the coupling strength, i.e., parameters controlling the basic rates of genetic reactions, were chosen for extensive bifurcation analysis. The results are presented as a map of dynamic regimes. We found that the remarkable multistability of the anti-phase limit cycle and stable homogeneous and inhomogeneous steady states exists over broad ranges of control parameters. We studied the anti-phase limit cycle stability and the evolution of irregular oscillatory regimes in the parameter areas where the anti-phase cycle loses stability. In these regions we observed developing complex oscillations, collective chaos, and multistability between regular limit cycles and complex oscillations over uncommonly large intervals of coupling strength. QS-coupling stimulates the appearance of intrachaotic periodic windows with spatially symmetric and asymmetric partial limit cycles which, in turn, change the type of chaos from a simple anti-phase character into chaos composed of pieces of the trajectories having alternating polarity. Abstract truncated...
description: 30 pages, 19 figures
Pitfalls in applying gravitomagnetism to galactic rotation curve modelling
Creators: name: Glampedakis, Kostas
name: Jones, David Ian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The flatness of galaxy rotation curves at large radii is generally considered to be a significant piece of evidence in support of the existence of dark matter. Several studies have claimed that post-Newtonian corrections to the Newtonian equations of galaxy dynamics may remove (at least to some degree) the need for dark matter. A few recent studies have examined these claims, and identified errors in their reasoning. We add to this critique by giving what we consider to be particularly simple and transparent description of the errors made in these post-Newtonian calculations, some of which were of a rather technical nature, others more fundamental, e.g. the loss of the correct relativistic scaling, promoting small corrections to order unity changes. Our work reinforces the orthodoxy that post-Newtonian effects are indeed too small to significantly alter galactic rotation curves, and will hopefully serve as a useful guide for others, pointing out subtle errors that one might inadvertently make in such calculations.
description: Updated to match version accepted by CQG
Self-consistent evaluation of effective Coulomb interaction of V atom and its importance to understand the comparative electronic behaviour of vanadium spinels
Creators: name: Lal, Sohan
name: Pandey, Sudhir K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In present work, we try to understand the importance of effective Coulomb interaction ($U_{ef}$) between localized electrons of V atom to understand the comparative electronic behaviour of AV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ (A=Zn, Cd and Mg) compounds. The suitable values of $d$-linearization energy ($E_{d}$) of impurity V atom for calculating the $U_{ef}$ for these compounds are found to be $\geq$44.89 eV above the Fermi level. Corresponding to these values of $E_{d}$, the self-consistently calculated values of effective $U_{LSDA}$ ($U_{PBEsol}$) for ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$, MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and CdV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ are $\sim$5.73 ($\sim$5.92), $\sim$6.06 ($\sim$6.22) and $\sim$5.59 ($\sim$5.71) eV, respectively. The calculated values of $\frac{t}{U_{ef}}$ ($t$ is the transfer integral between neighbouring sites) increases with decreasing V-V distance from CdV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ to MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ to ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and are found to be consistent with experimentally reported band gap. The values of $\frac{t}{U_{ef}}$ for ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$, MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and CdV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ are found to be $\sim$0.023, $\sim$0.020 and $\sim$0.018, respectively. Hence, CdV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ with small (large) $\frac{t}{U_{ef}}$ (experimental band gap) as compared to ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ is found to be in localized-electron regime, while ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ are intermediate between localized and an itinerant-electron regime. The calculated values of lattice parameters $a_{LSDS}$ ($a_{PBEsol}$) are found to be $\sim$1.7\%, $\sim$2.0\% and $\sim$2.4\% ($\sim$0.6\%, $\sim$0.7\% and $\sim$0.7\%) smaller than $a_{exp}$ for CdV$_{2}$O$_{4}$, MgV$_{2}$O$_{4}$ and ZnV$_{2}$O$_{4}$, respectively, which indicates that the PBEsol functional predicts the lattice parameters in good agreement with the experimental data.
description: 16 pages, 3 figures, 2 tables
A generalization of van der Corput's difference theorem with applications to recurrence and multiple ergodic averages
Creators: name: Farhangi, Sohail
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47A35, 37A30, 37B20

description: We prove a generalization of van der Corput's difference theorem for sequences of vectors in a Hilbert space. This generalization is obtained by establishing a connection between sequences of vectors in the first Hilbert space with a vector in a new Hilbert space whose spectral type with respect to a certain unitary operator is absolutely continuous with respect to the Lebesgue measure. We use this generalization to obtain applications regarding recurrence and multiple ergodic averages when we have measure preserving automorphisms T and S that do not necessarily commute, but T has a maximal spectral type that is mutually singular with the Lebesgue measure.
description: This was supposed to be version 5 of arXiv:2106.01123, but I accidentally created a brand new submission when trying to submit version 4. This final edition is the journal edition that includes some new applications and much better formatting. Dynamical Systems, 2023
The Role of Non-ionizing Radiation Pressure in Star Formation: The Stability of Cores and Filaments
Creators: name: Seo, Young Min
name: Youdin, Andrew N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stars form when filaments and dense cores in molecular clouds fragment and collapse due to self-gravity. In the most basic analyses of gravitational stability, the competition between self-gravity and thermal pressure sets the critical (i.e. maximum stable) mass of spheres and the critical line density of cylinders. Previous work has considered additional support from magnetic fields and turbulence. Here, we consider the effects of non-ionizing radiation, specifically the inward radiation pressure force that acts on dense structures embedded in an isotropic radiation field. Using hydrostatic, isothermal models, we find that irradiation lowers the critical mass and line density for gravitational collapse, and can thus act as a trigger for star formation. For structures with moderate central densities, $\sim10^3$ cm$^{-3}$, the interstellar radiation field in the Solar vicinity has an order unity effect on stability thresholds. For more evolved objects with higher central densities, a significant lowering of stability thresholds requires stronger irradiation, as can be found closer to the Galactic center or near stellar associations. Even when strong sources of ionizing radiation are absent or extincted, our study shows that interstellar irradiation can significantly influence the star formation process.
description: 13pages, 10 figures, accepted to MNRAS
Exact flavored black $p$-branes and self-gravitating instantons from toroidal black holes with Skyrme hair
Creators: name: Concha, Patrick
name: Henríquez-Baez, Carla
name: Rodríguez, Evelyn
name: Vera, Aldo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, using the maximal embedding of $SU(2)$ into $SU(N)$ in the Euler angles parameterization, we construct a novel family of exact solutions of the Einstein $SU(N)$-Skyrme model. First, we present a hairy toroidal black hole in $D=4$ dimensions. This solution is asymptotically locally anti-de Sitter and is characterized by discrete hair parameters. Then, we perform a dimensional extension of the black hole to obtain black $p$-branes as solutions of the Einstein $SU(N)$-Non-linear sigma model in $D\geq5$ dimensions. These are homogeneous and topologically protected. Finally we show that, through a Wick rotation of the toroidal black hole, one can construct an exact self-gravitating instanton. The role that the flavor number $N$ plays in the geometry and thermodynamics of these configurations is also discussed.
description: 25 pages, 9 figures, some comments and references added, accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. D
The novel XYU-GEM to resolve ambiguities
Creators: name: Flöthner, K. J.
name: Brunbauer, F.
name: Ferry, S.
name: Garcia, F.
name: Janssens, D.
name: Ketzer, B.
name: Lisowska, M.
name: Muller, H.
name: de Oliveira, R.
name: Oliveri, E.
name: Orlandini, G.
name: Pfeiffer, D.
name: Ropelewski, L.
name: Samarati, J.
name: Sauli, F.
name: Scharenberg, L.
name: van Stenis, M.
name: Utrobicic, A.
name: Veenhof, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Removing ambiguities within a single stage becomes crucial when one can not use multiple detectors behind each other to resolve them which naturally is the case for neutral radiation. An example would be RICH detectors. Commonly pixilated readout is choosen for this purpose. However, this causes a remarkable increase in quantity of channels and does not scale up well. Therefore, the XYU-GEM was proposed as a three coordinate strip-readout which is combined with a triple GEM detector. The readout complements a common XY readout with an additional projection which is tilted by 45°. The overdetermination due to three projections can be used to resovle ambiguities. Following the detector design will be explained, first measurements discussed to understand the response of the detector and a way to change the charge sharing without changing the manufacturing parameters of the readout.
Moment canting and domain effects in antiferromagnetic DyRh$_2$Si$_2$
Creators: name: Kliemt, Kristin
name: Ocker, Michelle
name: Krebber, Sarah
name: Schulz, Susanne
name: Vyalikh, Denis V.
name: Krellner, Cornelius
name: Usachov, Dmitry Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A combined experimental and theoretical study of the layered antiferromagnetic compound DyRh$_2$Si$_2$ in the ThCr$_2$Si$_2$-type structure is presented. The heat capacity shows two transitions upon cooling, the first one at the N{é}el temperature $T_{\rm N}=55\,\rm K$ and a second one at $T_{\rm N2}=12\,\rm K$. Using magnetization measurements, we study the canting process of the Dy moments upon changing the temperature and can assign $T_{\rm N2}$ to the onset of the canting of the magnetic moments towards the $[100]$ direction away from the $c$ axis. Furthermore, we found that the field dependence of the magnetization is highly anisotropic and shows a two-step process for $H\parallel 001$. We used a mean-field model to determine the crystalline electric field as well as the exchange interaction parameters. Our magnetization data together with the calculations reveal a moment orientation close to the $[101]$ direction in the tetragonal structure at low temperatures and fields. Applying photoemission electron microscopy, we explore the (001) surface of the cleaved DyRh$_2$Si$_2$ single crystal and visualize Si- and Dy-terminated surfaces. Our results indicate that the Si-Rh-Si surface protects the deeper lying magnetically active Dy layers and is thus attractive for investigation of magnetic domains and their properties in the large family of LnT$_2$Si$_2$ materials.
The cosmic waltz of Coma Berenices and Latyshev 2 (Group X). Membership, phase-space structure, mass, and energy distributions
Creators: name: Olivares, J.
name: Lodieu, N.
name: Béjar, V. J. S.
name: Martín, E. L.
name: Žerjal, M.
name: Galli, P. A. B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Open clusters (OCs) are fundamental benchmarks where theories of star formation and stellar evolution can be tested and validated. Coma Ber and Latyshev 2 (Group X) are the second and third OCs closest to the Sun, making them excellent targets to search for low-mass stars and ultra-cool dwarfs. In addition, this pair will experience a flyby in 10-16 Myr which makes it a benchmark to test OCs pair interactions. Aims. We aim at analysing the membership, luminosity, mass, phase-space (i.e., positions and velocities), and energy distributions for Coma Ber and Latyshev 2 and test the hypothesis of the mixing of their populations at the encounter time. Methods. We develop a new phase-space membership methodology and apply it to Gaia data. With the recovered members we infer the phase-space, luminosity and mass distributions using publicly available Bayesian inference codes. Then, with a publicly available orbit integration code and members' positions and velocities, we integrate their orbits 20 Myr into the future. Results. In Coma Ber, we identify 302 candidate members distributed in the core and tidal tails. The tails are dynamically cold and asymmetrically populated. The stellar system called Group X is made of two structures: the disrupted OC Latyshev 2 (186 candidate members) and a loose stellar association called Mecayotl 1 (146 candidate members), both of them will fly by Coma Ber in $11.3\pm0.5$ Myr and $14.0\pm0.6$ Myr, respectively, and each other in $8.1\pm1.3$ Myr. Conclusions. We study the dynamical properties of the core and tails of Coma Ber and also confirm the existence of the OC Latyshev 2 and its neighbour stellar association Mecayotl 1. Although these three systems will experience encounters we find no evidence supporting the mixing of their populations.
description: 25 pages, 19 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Constraining the Variability and Binary Fraction of Galactic Center Young Stars
Creators: name: Gautam, Abhimat K.
name: Do, Tuan
name: Ghez, Andrea M.
name: Lu, Jessica R.
name: Morris, Mark R.
name: Sakai, Shoko
name: Witzel, Gunther
name: Sitarski, Breann N.
name: Chappell, Samantha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present constraints on the variability and binarity of young stars in the central 10 arcseconds (~0.4 pc) of the Milky Way Galactic Center (GC) using Keck Adaptive Optics data over a 12 year baseline. Given our experiment's photometric uncertainties, at least 36% of our sample's known early-type stars are variable. We identified eclipsing binary systems by searching for periodic variability. In our sample of spectroscopically confirmed and likely early-type stars, we detected the two previously discovered GC eclipsing binary systems. We derived the likely binary fraction of main sequence, early-type stars at the GC via Monte Carlo simulations of eclipsing binary systems, and find that it is at least 32% with 90% confidence.
description: Accepted for publication in Proceedings of IAU Symposium 322: The Multi-Messenger Astrophysics of the Galactic Centre, 2 pages, 1 figure
An Evaluation on Large Language Model Outputs: Discourse and Memorization
Creators: name: de Wynter, Adrian
name: Wang, Xun
name: Sokolov, Alex
name: Gu, Qilong
name: Chen, Si-Qing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computation and Language (cs.CL)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present an empirical evaluation of various outputs generated by nine of the most widely-available large language models (LLMs). Our analysis is done with off-the-shelf, readily-available tools. We find a correlation between percentage of memorized text, percentage of unique text, and overall output quality, when measured with respect to output pathologies such as counterfactual and logically-flawed statements, and general failures like not staying on topic. Overall, 80.0% of the outputs evaluated contained memorized data, but outputs containing the most memorized content were also more likely to be considered of high quality. We discuss and evaluate mitigation strategies, showing that, in the models evaluated, the rate of memorized text being output is reduced. We conclude with a discussion on potential implications around what it means to learn, to memorize, and to evaluate quality text.
description: Preprint. Under review
A statistical inference course based on p-values
Creators: name: Martin, Ryan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Other Statistics (stat.OT)
subject: Methodology (stat.ME)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Introductory statistical inference texts and courses treat the point estimation, hypothesis testing, and interval estimation problems separately, with primary emphasis on large-sample approximations. Here I present an alternative approach to teaching this course, built around p-values, emphasizing provably valid inference for all sample sizes. Details about computation and marginalization are also provided, with several illustrative examples, along with a course outline.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Stellar magnetic activity and variability of oscillation parameters - An investigation of 24 solar-like stars observed by Kepler
Creators: name: Kiefer, René
name: Schad, Ariane
name: Davies, Guy
name: Roth, Markus
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. The Sun and solar-like stars undergo activity cycles for which the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. The oscillations of the Sun are known to vary with its activity cycle and these changes provide diagnostics on the conditions below the photosphere. Kepler has detected oscillations in hundreds of solar-like stars but as of yet, no widespread detection of signatures of magnetic activity cycles in the oscillation parameters of these stars have been reported. Aims. We analyse the photometric short cadence Kepler time series of a set of 24 solar-like stars, which were observed for at least 960 days each, with the aim to find signatures of stellar magnetic activity in the oscillation parameters. Methods. We analyse the temporal evolution of oscillation parameters by measuring mode frequency shifts, changes in the height of the p-mode envelope, as well as granulation time scales. Results. For 23 of the 24 investigated stars, we find significant frequency shifts in time. We present evidence for magnetic activity in six of them. We find that the amplitude of the frequency shifts decreases with stellar age and rotation period. For the most prominent example, KIC 8006161, we find that, similar to the solar case, frequency shifts are smallest for the lowest and largest for the highest p-mode frequencies. Conclusions. These findings show that magnetic activity can be routinely observed in the oscillation parameters for solar-like stars, which opens up the possibility to place the solar activity cycle in the context of other stars by asteroseismology.
description: 25 pages, 34 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
TIRCAM2 Camera Interface on the Side port of the 3.6 meter Devasthal Optical Telescope
Creators: name: Bhagat, Shailesh B.
name: Naik, Milind B.
name: Poojary, Satheesha S.
name: Shah, Harshit
name: Jadhav, Rajesh B.
name: Bagade, Balu G.
name: D'Costa, Savio L.
name: Reddy, B. Krishna
name: Nanjappa, Nadish
name: Bangia, Tarun
name: Ojha, Devendra K.
name: Sharma, Saurabh
name: Singh, Koshvendra
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The TIFR Near Infrared Imaging Camera-II (TIRCAM2) is being used at the 3.6 m Devasthal Optical Telescope (DOT) operated by Aryabhatta Research Institute of Observational Sciences (ARIES), Nainital, Uttarakhand, India. Earlier, the TIRCAM2 was used at the main port of the DOT on time shared basis. It has now been installed at the side port of the telescope. Side port installation allows near simultaneous observations with the main port instrument as well as longer operating periods. Thus, the TIRCAM2 serves the astronomical community for a variety of observations ranging from lunar occultations, transient events and normal scheduled observations.
description: Accepted for publication in the Journal of Astrophysics and Astronomy
Motion Planning for Triple-Axis Spectrometers
Creators: name: Weber, Tobias
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: Computational Geometry (cs.CG)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We present the free and open source software TAS-Paths, a novel system which calculates optimal, collision-free paths for the movement of triple-axis spectrometers. The software features an easy to use graphical user interface, but can also be scripted and used as a library. It allows the user to plan and visualise the motion of the instrument before the experiment and can be used during measurements to circumvent obstacles. The instrument path is calculated in angular configuration space in order to keep a maximum angular distance from any obstacle.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
Quantum-enhanced metrology without entanglement based on optical cavities with feedback
Creators: name: Clark, Lewis A.
name: Stokes, Adam
name: Khan, M. Mubashir
name: Wang, Gangcheng
name: Beige, Almut
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: There are a number of different strategies to measure the phase shift between two pathways of light more efficiently than suggested by the standard quantum limit. One way is to use highly entangled photons. Another way is to expose photons to a non-linear or interacting Hamiltonian. This paper emphasises that the conditional dynamics of open quantum systems provides an interesting additional tool for quantum-enhanced metrology. As a concrete example, we review a recent scheme which exploits the conditional dynamics of a laser-driven optical cavity with spontaneous photon emission inside a quantum feedback loop. Deducing information from second-order photon correlation measurements requires neither optical non-linearities nor entangled photons and should therefore be of immediate practical interest.
description: 6 pages, 3 figures, IEEE conference proceedings
The heavy quark expansion for lifetimes: Towards the QCD corrections to power suppressed terms
Creators: name: Mannel, Thomas
name: Moreno, Daniel
name: Pivovarov, Alexei A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) for the nonleptonic decay rates of heavy hadrons, and compute the NLO QCD corrections to power terms up to order $1/m_Q^2$. We neglect the masses of the final-state quarks, so the application of our result is mainly for charmed hadrons. Our result can be applied also to bottomed hadrons as they constitute the main effect to this order up to corrections of $\mathcal{O}(m_c/m_b)$ and contributions due to penguin operators. We discuss the impact of our result for the lifetimes of heavy hadrons.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures
Investigation of Stellar Kinematics and Ionized gas Outflows in Local (U)LIRGs
Creators: name: Ayubinia, Ashraf
name: Xue, Yongquan
name: Le, Huynh Anh Nguyen
name: Zou, Fan
name: Wang, Shu
name: He, Zhicheng
name: Eser, Ece Kilerci
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We explore properties of stellar kinematics and ionized gas in a sample of 1106 local (U)LIRGs from the AKARI telescope. We combine data from $Wide-field\ Infrared\ Survey\ Explorer$ (WISE) and Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) Data Release 13 (DR13) to fit the spectral energy distribution (SED) of each source to constrain the contribution of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) to the total IR luminosity and estimate physical parameters such as stellar mass and star-formation rate (SFR). We split our sample into AGNs and weak/non-AGNs. We find that our sample is considerably above the main sequence. The highest SFRs and stellar masses are associated with ULIRGs. We also fit the H$β$ and H$α$ regions to characterize the outflows. We find that the incidence of ionized gas outflows in AGN (U)LIRGs ($\sim$ 72\%) is much higher than that in weak/non-AGN ones ($\sim$ 39\%). The AGN ULIRGs have extreme outflow velocities (up to $\sim$ 2300 km s$^{-1}$) and high mass-outflow rates (up to $\sim$ 60 \solarm~yr$^{-1}$). Our results suggest that starbursts are insufficient to produce such powerful outflows. We explore the correlations of SFR and specific SFR (sSFR) with ionized gas outflows. We find that AGN hosts with the highest SFRs exhibit a negative correlation between outflow velocity and sSFR. Therefore, in AGNs containing large amounts of gas, the negative feedback scenario might be suggested.
description: revised version for typos, errors in captions of figures 3,4 and 11 fixed, accepted by ApJ
Supplemental material
Creators: name: Ramne, Stina
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: classificationCode: 320208
subject: Endocrinology
classificationCode: 321004
subject: Nutritional science

description: Meal sugar-protein balance determines postprandial FGF21 response in humansStina Ramne, Lisanne Duizer, Mette S Nielsen, Niklas Rye Jørgensen, Jens S Svenningsen, Niels Grarup, Anders Sjödin, Anne Raben, Matthew P GillumSupplemental Tables S1-S3Supplemental Figures S1-S2
A family of compact strictly pseudoconvex hypersurfaces in $\mathbb C^2$ without umbilical points
Creators: name: Ebenfelt, Peter
name: Son, Duong Ngoc
name: Zaitsev, Dmitri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 32V05, 30F45

description: We prove the following: For $ε>0$, let $D_ε$ be the bounded strictly pseudoconvex domain in $\mathbb C^2$ given by \begin{equation*} (\log|z|)^2+(\log|w|)^2
Non-Gaussian assembly bias from a semi-analytic galaxy formation model
Creators: name: Marinucci, M.
name: Desjacques, V.
name: Benson, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use $z=1$ mock galaxy catalogues produced with the semi-analytic code GALACTICUS to study the dependence of the non-Gaussian bias parameter $b_ϕ$ on the mass assembly history of the host halos. We generate large sets of merger trees and measure the non-Gaussian assembly bias $Δb_ϕ$ for galaxies selected by color magnitude and emission line luminosities. For galaxies selected by $g-r$ color, we find a large assembly bias consistent with the analysis of Barreira et al. (2020) based on hydro-dynamical simulations of galaxy formation. This effect arises from the fact that a larger value of the normalization amplitude $σ_8$ implies a faster mass assembly (at fixed halo mass) and, therefore, older and redder galaxies. On the contrary, for galaxies selected by their H$α$ luminosity, we do not detect a significant assembly bias, at least at $z=1$ and in the halo mass range $3\times10^{10} < M < 10^{12}\ M_\odot$ considered here. This is presumably due to the fact that emission line strengths are mainly sensitive to the instantaneous star formation rate, which appears to depend weakly on $σ_8$ at $z=1$. This indicates that the non-Gaussian assembly bias should be less of a concern for future emission line galaxy surveys. We also investigate, for the first time, the sensitivity of the non-Gaussian assembly bias to a change in the parameters of the galaxy formation model that control the AGN and stellar feedback as well as the star formation rate. When these parameters change within a factor of two from their fiducial value, they induce variations up to order unity in the measured $Δb_ϕ$, but the overall trends with color or luminosity remain the same. However, since these results may be sensitive to the choice of galaxy formation model, it will be prudent to extend this analysis to other semi-analytic models in addition to halo mass and redshift.
description: 11 pages. Comments are welcome
Revisiting boundary-driven non-equilibrium Markov dynamics in arbitrary potentials via supersymmetric quantum mechanics and explicit large deviations at various levels
Creators: name: Monthus, Cecile
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: For boundary-driven non-equilibrium Markov models of non-interacting particles in one dimension, either in continuous space with the Fokker-Planck dynamics involving an arbitrary force $F(x)$ and an arbitrary diffusion coefficient $D(x)$, or in discrete space with the Markov jump dynamics involving arbitrary nearest-neighbor transition rates $w(x \pm 1,x)$, the Markov generator can be transformed via an appropriate similarity transformation into a quantum supersymmetric Hamiltonian with many remarkable properties. In particular, the mapping from the boundary-driven non-equilibrium dynamics towards some dual equilibrium dynamics [J. Tailleur, J. Kurchan and V. Lecomte, J. Phys. A 41, 505001 (2008)] can be reinterpreted via the two corresponding quantum Hamiltonians that are supersymmetric partners of each other, with the same energy spectra. We describe the consequences for the spectral decomposition of the boundary-driven dynamics, and we give explicit expressions for the Kemeny times needed to converge towards the non-equilibrium steady states. Finally, we analyze the large deviations at various levels for empirical time-averaged observables over a large time-window $T$. We start with the always explicit Level 2.5 concerning the joint distribution of the empirical density and of the empirical flows, and we then consider the contractions towards lower levels. In particular, the rate function for the empirical current alone can be explicitly computed via the contraction from the Level 2.5 using the properties of the associated quantum supersymmetric Hamiltonians.
description: v2=final version (40 pages)
Exploring responses to geohazards in a dynamic risk environment - knowledge, narrative and risk perception in the Bailong River corridor
Creators: name: Goodall, Susie
Publisher: name: Loughborough University
Year: 2024

description: Landslides and debris flows are complex phenomena at the intersection of dynamic socio-ecological systems that affect millions of people around the world, causing loss of life, disruption of livelihoods and damage to infrastructure. Comprehensive understanding of the physical processes and mitigation strategies such as early warning systems have been developed by scientists and disaster managers.Local residents also have knowledge and strategies about how to live with these hazards. Valuing and integrating both scientific and local knowledge is important for building a complete picture of the human-environment interactions that influence whether hazards become disasters. In addition,recognising the risk perceptions and narratives that influence people’s actions and wider policy is vital.Using the Vulnerability Analysis for Sustainability Science (VASS) framework (Turner, Kasperson et al., 2003), this study examines the socio-ecological system (SES) of the Bailong River corridor in Gansu Province, China, an area particularly affected by landslides and debris flows. Taking an interdisciplinary approach, it describes the human-environment interactions for a small tributary catchment case study and investigates how narratives and perceptions of risk vary between three social domains (scientists, disaster managers and local residents). As a mixed methods study, photo-elicitation interviews with local residents, semi-structured interviews with scientists and disaster managers, geomorphological mapping, satellite image analysis, and document analysis were employed. Qualitative data were analysed using critical realist thematicanalysis to generate composite narratives of risk and themes describing the SES.
The study found that SES sensitivity is inherently place-based, revealed by local knowledge and involves a web of human-environment interactions, involving land, access and services, movement of people, culture, livelihoods and dwellings. Scientific knowledge contributes to understanding external influences at regional and global scale. In a centralised policy environment, there are few opportunitiesfor local place-based knowledge to inform disaster management decision-making. Definitions of terms such as risk and hazard vary, meaning that clarification is important, particularly in multilingual collaborations. Risk is an emergent property of an open, complex SES, requiring interdisciplinary investigation. Critical realism provides a suitable research philosophy capable of bringing together knowledge from different social domains and disciplines to better describe and understand the generative mechanisms of disaster risk.
Revisiting Puffy Dark Matter with Novel Insights: Partial Wave Analysis
Creators: name: Wang, Wenyu
name: Xu, Wu-Long
name: Yang, Jin Min
name: Zhu, Bin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a comprehensive study on the self-interaction cross-section of puffy dark matter (DM) particles, which have a significant intrinsic size compared to their Compton wavelength. For such puffy DM self-interaction cross-section in the resonant and classical regimes, our study demonstrates the significance of the Yukawa potential and the necessity of partial wave analysis: (i) Due to the finite-size effect of puffy DM particles, the new Yukawa potential of puffy DM is found to enlarge the Born-effective regime for the self-interaction cross-section, compared with the point-like DM; (ii) Our partial wave analysis shows that depending on the value of the ratio between $R_χ$ (radius of a puffy DM particle) and $1/m_ϕ$ (force range), the three regimes (Born-effective, resonant and classical) for puffy DM self-interaction cross-section can be very different from the point-like DM; (iii) We find that to solve the small-scale anomalies via self-interacting puffy DM, the Born-effective and the resonant regimes exist for dwarf galaxies, while for the cluster and Milky Way galaxy the non-Born regime is necessary.
description: 17 pages, 8 figures, accepted by JHEP
Precise Measurement of Magnetic Field Gradients from Free Spin Precession Signals of $^{3}$He and $^{129}$Xe Magnetometers
Creators: name: Allmendinger, F.
name: Blümler, P.
name: Doll, M.
name: Grasdijk, O.
name: Heil, W.
name: Jungmann, K.
name: Karpuk, S.
name: Krause, H. -J.
name: Offenhäusser, A.
name: Repetto, M.
name: Schmidt, U.
name: Sobolev, Yu.
name: Tullney, K.
name: Willmann, L.
name: Zimmer, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Instrumentation and Detectors (physics.ins-det)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on precise measurements of magnetic field gradients extracted from transverse relaxation rates of precessing spin samples. The experimental approach is based on the free precession of gaseous, nuclear spin polarized $^3$He and $^{129}$Xe atoms in a spherical cell inside a magnetic guiding field of about 400 nT using LT$_C$ SQUIDs as low-noise magnetic flux detectors. The transverse relaxation rates of both spin species are simultaneously monitored as magnetic field gradients are varied. For transverse relaxation times reaching 100 h, the residual longitudinal field gradient across the spin sample could be deduced to be$|\vec{\nabla}B_z|=(5.6 \pm 0.4)$ pT/cm. The method takes advantage of the high signal-to-noise ratio with which the decaying spin precession signal can be monitored that finally leads to the exceptional accuracy to determine magnetic field gradients at the sub pT/cm scale.
Discovery of a pseudobulge galaxy launching powerful relativistic jets
Creators: name: Kotilainen, J. K.
name: Tavares, J. Leon
name: Olguin-Iglesias, A.
name: Baes, M.
name: Anorve, C.
name: Chavushyan, V.
name: Carrasco, L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Supermassive black holes launching plasma jets at close to speed of light, producing gamma-rays, have ubiquitously been found to be hosted by massive elliptical galaxies. Since elliptical galaxies are generally believed to be built through galaxy mergers, active galactic nuclei (AGN) launching relativistic jets are associated to the latest stages of galaxy evolution. We have discovered a pseudo-bulge morphology in the host galaxy of the gamma-ray AGN PKS 2004-447. This is the first gamma-ray emitter radio loud AGN found to be launched from a system where both black hole and host galaxy have been actively growing via secular processes. This is evidence for an alternative black hole-galaxy co-evolutionary path to develop powerful relativistic jets that is not merger-driven.
description: 20 pages, 4 figures. Astrophysical Journal, accepted
A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era (ASPIRE): JWST Reveals a Filamentary Structure around a z=6.61 Quasar
Creators: name: Wang, Feige
name: Yang, Jinyi
name: Hennawi, Joseph F.
name: Fan, Xiaohui
name: Sun, Fengwu
name: Champagne, Jaclyn B.
name: Costa, Tiago
name: Habouzit, Melanie
name: Endsley, Ryan
name: Li, Zihao
name: Lin, Xiaojing
name: Meyer, Romain A.
name: Schindler, Jan-Torge
name: Wu, Yunjing
name: Bañados, Eduardo
name: Barth, Aaron J.
name: Bhowmick, Aklant K.
name: Bieri, Rebekka
name: Blecha, Laura
name: Bosman, Sarah
name: Cai, Zheng
name: Colina, Luis
name: Connor, Thomas
name: Davies, Frederick B.
name: Decarli, Roberto
name: De Rosa, Gisella
name: Drake, Alyssa B.
name: Egami, Eiichi
name: Eilers, Anna-Christina
name: Evans, Analis E.
name: Farina, Emanuele Paolo
name: Haiman, Zoltan
name: Jiang, Linhua
name: Jin, Xiangyu
name: Jun, Hyunsung D.
name: Kakiichi, Koki
name: Khusanova, Yana
name: Kulkarni, Girish
name: Li, Mingyu
name: Liu, Weizhe
name: Loiacono, Federica
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Mazzucchelli, Chiara
name: Onoue, Masafusa
name: Pudoka, Maria A.
name: Rojas-Ruiz, Sofia
name: Shen, Yue
name: Strauss, Michael A.
name: Tee, Wei Leong
name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny
name: Trebitsch, Maxime
name: Venemans, Bram
name: Volonteri, Marta
name: Walter, Fabian
name: Xie, Zhang-Liang
name: Yue, Minghao
name: Zhang, Haowen
name: Zhang, Huanian
name: Zou, Siwei
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the first results from the JWST ASPIRE program (A SPectroscopic survey of biased halos In the Reionization Era). This program represents an imaging and spectroscopic survey of 25 reionization-era quasars and their environments by utilizing the unprecedented capabilities of NIRCam Wide Field Slitless Spectroscopy (WFSS) mode. ASPIRE will deliver the largest ($\sim280~{\rm arcmin}^2$) galaxy redshift survey at 3-4 $μ$m among JWST Cycle-1 programs and provide extensive legacy values for studying the formation of the earliest supermassive black holes (SMBHs), the assembly of galaxies, early metal enrichment, and cosmic reionization. In this first ASPIRE paper, we report the discovery of a filamentary structure traced by the luminous quasar J0305-3150 and ten [OIII] emitters at $z=6.6$. This structure has a 3D galaxy overdensity of $δ_{\rm gal}=12.6$ over 637 cMpc$^3$, one of the most overdense structures known in the early universe, and could eventually evolve into a massive galaxy cluster. Together with existing VLT/MUSE and ALMA observations of this field, our JWST observations reveal that J0305-3150 traces a complex environment where both UV-bright and dusty galaxies are present, and indicate that the early evolution of galaxies around the quasar is not simultaneous. In addition, we discovered 31 [OIII] emitters in this field at other redshifts, $5.3
description: accepted for publication in ApJL
Resummation and renormalization of kinematical effects in inclusive $P$-wave quarkonium production
Creators: name: Chung, Hee Sok
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the renormalization properties of the shape function formalism for inclusive production of $P$-wave heavy quarkonia, which arises from resumming a class of corrections coming from kinematical effects associated with the motion of the heavy quark and antiquark pair relative to the quarkonium. Such kinematical effects are encoded in the nonperturbative shape functions, which are normalized to the corresponding nonrelativistic QCD long-distance matrix elements. By using the known ultraviolet divergences in the matrix elements, we derive the large-momentum asymptotic behavior of the shape functions. This strongly constrains the form of the shape functions and significantly reduces the dependence on the nonperturbative model. Based on these results we show that the shape function formalism at loop level can be useful in taming the threshold logarithms at large transverse momentum, and at small transverse momentum the kinematical corrections reduce the sizes of $χ_c$ and $χ_b$ cross sections which may improve agreement with measurements.
description: 51 pages, 11 figures, minor revisions, version published in JHEP
Experimentally exploring compressed sensing quantum tomography
Creators: name: Steffens, A.
name: Riofrio, C.
name: McCutcheon, W.
name: Roth, I.
name: Bell, B. A.
name: McMillan, A.
name: Tame, M. S.
name: Rarity, J. G.
name: Eisert, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the light of the progress in quantum technologies, the task of verifying the correct functioning of processes and obtaining accurate tomographic information about quantum states becomes increasingly important. Compressed sensing, a machinery derived from the theory of signal processing, has emerged as a feasible tool to perform robust and significantly more resource-economical quantum state tomography for intermediate-sized quantum systems. In this work, we provide a comprehensive analysis of compressed sensing tomography in the regime in which tomographically complete data is available with reliable statistics from experimental observations of a multi-mode photonic architecture. Due to the fact that the data is known with high statistical significance, we are in a position to systematically explore the quality of reconstruction depending on the number of employed measurement settings, randomly selected from the complete set of data, and on different model assumptions. We present and test a complete prescription to perform efficient compressed sensing and are able to reliably use notions of model selection and cross-validation to account for experimental imperfections and finite counting statistics. Thus, we establish compressed sensing as an effective tool for quantum state tomography, specifically suited for photonic systems.
description: 12 pages, 5 figures
Controllable nonlinear propagation of partially incoherent Airy beams
Creators: name: Chen, Kaijian
name: Zhang, Peiyu
name: Liu, Nana
name: Tan, Liu
name: Hong, Peilong
name: Zou, Bingsuo
name: Xu, Jingjun
name: Liang, Yi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The self-accelerating beams such as the Airy beam show great potentials in many applications including optical manipulation, imaging and communication. However, their superior features during linear propagation could be easily corrupted by optical nonlinearity or spatial incoherence individually. Here we investigate how the interaction of spatial incoherence and nonlinear propagation affect the beam quality of Airy beam, and find that the two destroying factors can in fact balance each other. Our results show that the influence of coherence and nonlinearity on the propagation of partially incoherent Airy beams (PIABs) can be formulated as two exponential functions that have factors of opposite signs. With appropriate spatial coherence length, the PIABs not only resist the corruption of beam profile caused by self-focusing nonlinearity, but also exhibits less anomalous diffraction caused by the self-defocusing nonlinearity. Our work provides deep insight into how to maintain the beam quality of self-accelerating Airy beams by exploiting the interaction between partially incoherence and optical nonlinearity. Our results may bring about new possibilities for optimizing partially incoherent structured field and developing related applications such as optical communication, incoherent imaging and optical manipulations.
description: 12pages,6 figures