cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Cytokine network in the human central nervous system
Creators: name: Lee, Yong Beom
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Expression of various cytokines and their receptors in human CNS neurons and glial cells in culture was investigated using RT-PCR, ELISA and immunoblotting. Pure populations of astrocytes, microglia and neurons were prepared from mixed cell cultures isolated from brains of human embryos (12-18 weeks' gestation), and oligodendrocytes were prepared from adult human brain tissues. RT-PCR results of cytokines and their receptors were as follows: (1) Non-stimulated astrocytes expressed transcripts for IL-9, IL-11, IL-15, TGF-α, TGF-β1, CNTF, LIF and SCF. Treatment with IL-1β and IFN-γ induced expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and GM-CSF and increased expression of IL-9 and IL-15 in astrocytes. Transcripts for IL-1RI, IL-6R, IL-8R, IL-9Rα, IL-10Rα, IL-11R, IL-12Rβ2, IL-13Rα, IL-15Rα, TNFRI, SCFR and gp130 were detected in unstimulated astrocytes, while expression of IL-1RII and TNFRII was induced following stimulation with IL-1β and IFN-γ. (2) In unstimulated microglia, low levels of transcripts for IL-lβ, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15, TNF-α, TGF-α, TGF-β1, and IL-1RI, IL- 1RII, IL-6R, IL-8R, IL-9Rα, IL-10Rα, IL-12Rβ2, IL-13Rα, IL-15Rα, TNFRI, TNFRII and gp130 were detected. Treatment of microglia with LPS and IFN-γ induced expression of IL-8 and IL-12 and increased expression of transcripts for IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, IL-15 and TNF-α. (3) Neurons expressed transcripts for IL-5, TGF-β1, LIF, and IL-9Rα, IL-9Rα, IL-13Rα, TNFRI and gpl30. (4) Oligodendrocytes expressed transcripts for IL-1β, TGF-α, TGF-β1 and CNTF, and for IL-1RI, 1L-6R, IL-8R, IL-9Rα, IL-13Rα, TNFRII, SCFR and gp130. Secretion of selected cytokines from astrocytes and microglia was determined by ELISA and immunoblotting. (1) In astrocytes, treatment with IL-1β resulted in increased levels of IL-6, IL-11, IL-15, but not with IFN-γ. IL-9 was secreted constitutively, and its protein level was not changed with IL-1β or IFN-γ. (2) In microglia, IL-6 secretion was increased by LPS treatment, but not by IFN-γ or TNF-α. As well, IL-15 secretion was increased by LPS or IFN-γ treatment. TNF-α secretion was increased by treatment with LPS, and demonstrated a synergistic effect with IFN-γ for TNF-α production. Effects of selected cytokines were studied on NO and TNF-α production in astrocytes and microglia respectively. IL-10 inhibited the TNF-α production (>90%) in LPS/IFN-γ- treated microglia. NO production in IL-1β/IFN-γ-treated astrocytes was not altered by any of the cytokines examined. In addition, p38 MAP kinase was found to be involved in the upregulation of TNF-α mRNA in microglia, while in IL-1β-treated astrocytes it was involved in the upregulation of translation of TNF-α mRNA. Selected cytokines including IL-9, IL-11 and IL-15 showed neurotrophic activities such as neuronal differentiation and survival of human embryonic neurons.
Piezo-optic effect of high-harmonic generation in semiconductors
Creators: name: Tamaya, Tomohiro
name: Kato, Takeo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We theoretically investigate the piezo-optic effect of high-harmonic generation (HHG) in shear-strained semiconductors. By focusing on a typical semiconductor, GaAs, we show that there is optical activity, meaning different responses to right-handed and left-handed elliptically polarized electric fields. We also show that this optical activity is more pronounced for higher harmonics whose perturbative order exceeds the band-gap energy. These findings point to a useful pathway for strain engineering of nonlinear optics to control the reciprocity of HHG.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
Observation of negative absolute resistance in a Josephson junction
Creators: name: Nagel, J.
name: Speer, D.
name: Gaber, T.
name: Sterck, A.
name: Eichhorn, R.
name: Reimann, P.
name: Ilin, K.
name: Siegel, M.
name: Koelle, D.
name: Kleiner, R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We experimentally demonstrate the occurrence of negative absolute resistance (NAR) up to about $-1Ω$ in response to an externally applied dc current for a shunted Nb-Al/AlO$_x$-Nb Josephson junction, exposed to a microwave current at frequencies in the GHz range. The realization (or not) of NAR depends crucially on the amplitude of the applied microwave current. Theoretically, the system is described by means of the resistively and capacitively shunted junction model in terms of a moderately damped, classical Brownian particle dynamics in a one-dimensional potential. We find excellent agreement of the experimental results with numerical simulations of the model.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures, submitted to Physical Review
INTEGRATIV YONDASHUV ASOSIDA BOSHLANG'ICH SINF O'QUVCHILARINING KOGNITIV KOMPETENTSIYASINI SHAKLLANTIRISH METODIKASINI TAKOMILLASHTIRISH
Creators: name: Xudoyberganov, Doniyorbek
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Mazkur tezisda boshlang'ich sinf o'quvchilarining kognitiv kompetensiyasini shakillantirishda integrative yondashuvning nazariy va amaliy ahamiyati haqida fikr-mulohazalar yuritiladi. Shuningdek, kognitiv kompetensiyasini shakillantirish metodikasini takomillashtirish bo’yicha munozaralar yuritiladi.
Alteration of superconductivity of suspended carbon nanotubes by deposition of organic molecules
Creators: name: Ferrier, M.
name: Kasumov, A. Yu.
name: Agache, V.
name: Buchaillot, L.
name: Bonnot, A-M.
name: Naud, C.
name: Bouchiat, V.
name: Deblock, R.
name: Kociak, M.
name: Kobylko, M.
name: Gueron, S.
name: Bouchiat, H.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have altered the superconductivity of a suspended rope of single walled carbon nanotubes, by coating it with organic polymers. Upon coating, the normal state resistance of the rope changes by less than 20 percent. But superconductivity, which on the bare rope shows up as a substantial resistance decrease below 300 mK, is gradualy suppressed. We correlate this to the suppression of radial breathing modes, measured with Raman Spectroscopy on suspended Single and Double-walled carbon nanotubes. This points to the breathing phonon modes as being responsible for superconductivity in carbon nanotubes.
Axially symmetric equilibrium regions of Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker universes
Creators: name: Nolan, Brien C.
name: Vera, Raul
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The study of the matching of stationary and axisymmetric spacetimes with Friedmann-Lemaitre-Robertson-Walker spacetimes preserving the axial symmetry is presented. We show, in particular, that any orthogonally transitive stationary and axisymmetric region in FLRW must be static, irrespective of the matter content. Therefore, previous results on static regions in FLRW cosmologies apply. As a result, the only stationary and axisymmetric vacuum region that can be matched to a (non-static) FLRW spacetime is a spherically symmetric region of Schwarzschild. This constitutes another uniqueness result for the Einstein-Straus model (as well as its Oppenheimer-Snyder counterpart), and hence another indication of its unsuitability as an answer to the influence of the cosmic expansion on local physics.
description: 24 pages. Submitted to CQG
Hamiltonian group field theory with multiple scalar matter fields
Creators: name: Gielen, Steffen
name: Polaczek, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: One approach to defining dynamics for quantum gravity in a naturally timeless setting is to select a suitable matter degree of freedom as a 'clock' before quantisation. This idea of deparametrisation was recently introduced in group field theory leading to a Hamiltonian formulation in which states or operators evolve with respect to the clock given by a free massless scalar field, similar to what happens in deparametrised models in quantum cosmology. Here we extend the construction of Hamiltonian group field theory to models with multiple scalar matter fields, encountering new features and technical subtleties compared with the previously studied case. We show that the effective cosmological dynamics for these more general models reduce to the Friedmann dynamics of general relativity with multiple scalar fields in the limit of large volume, if suitable (non-generic) initial conditions are chosen. At high energy, we find corrections to the classical Friedmann equations whose form is similar to what is found in loop quantum cosmology. These corrections lead to generic singularity resolution by a bounce. For generic initial conditions, the effective cosmological dynamics treat the 'clock' field and other matter fields differently, in disagreement with the Friedmann dynamics of general relativity. We speculate on a possible interpretation in terms of inhomogeneities.
description: 48 pages, 1 figure; v4: Fix typos
PSYCHOLOGICAL STATES OF 15-16-YEAR-OLD BASKETBALL PLAYERS DURING PRE-COMPETITION PREPARATION
Creators: name: Madaminov, Mirjalol
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: This article provides information about the psychological conditions of 15-16-year-old athletes before and during the competition, the issues of encouraging them and the processes of preparing for the competition. Also, the development of physical qualities of young basketball players through active games is covered.
Nuclear wave function interference in single-molecule electron transport
Creators: name: Wegewijs, Maarten R.
name: Nowack, Katja C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is demonstrated that non-equilibrium vibrational effects are enhanced in molecular devices for which the effective potential for vibrations is sensitive to the charge state of the device. We calculate the electron tunneling current through a molecule accounting for the two simplest qualitative effects of the charging on the nuclear potential for vibrational motion: a shift (change in the equilibrium position) and a distortion (change in the vibrational frequency). The distortion has two important effects: firstly, it breaks the symmetry between the excitation spectra of the two charge states. This gives rise to new transport effects which map out changes in the current-induced non-equilibrium vibrational distribution with increasing bias voltage. Secondly, the distortion modifies the Franck-Condon factors for electron tunneling. Together with the spectral asymmetry this gives rise to pronounced nuclear wave function interference effects on the electron transport. For instance nuclear-parity forbidden transitions lead to differential conductance anti-resonances, which are stronger than those due to allowed transitions. For special distortion and shift combinations a coherent suppression of transport beyond a bias voltage threshold is possible.
description: 25 pages, 20 figures For high quality figures, get the paper from the free online journal: http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/1367-2630/7/1/239
Optimum unambiguous discrimination of two mixed quantum states
Creators: name: Herzog, Ulrike
name: Bergou, Janos A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate generalized measurements, based on positive-operator-valued measures, and von Neumann measurements for the unambiguous discrimination of two mixed quantum states that occur with given prior probabilities. In particular, we derive the conditions under which the failure probability of the measurement can reach its absolute lower bound, proportional to the fidelity of the states. The optimum measurement strategy yielding the fidelity bound of the failure probability is explicitly determined for a number of cases. One example involves two density operators of rank d that jointly span a 2d-dimensional Hilbert space and are related in a special way. We also present an application of the results to the problem of unambiguous quantum state comparison, generalizing the optimum strategy for arbitrary prior probabilities of the states.
description: final version
Flux-Limited Diffusion Approximation Models of Giant Planet Formation by Disk Instability
Creators: name: Boss, Alan P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Both core accretion and disk instability appear to be required as formation mechanisms in order to explain the entire range of giant planets found in extrasolar planetary systems. Disk instability is based on the formation of clumps in a marginally-gravitationally unstable protoplanetary disk. These clumps can only be expected to contract and survive to become protoplanets if they are able to lose thermal energy through a combination of convection and radiative cooling. Here we present several new three dimensional, radiative hydrodynamics models of self-gravitating protoplanetary disks, where radiative transfer is handled in the flux-limited diffusion approximation. We show that while the flux-limited models lead to higher midplane temperatures than in a diffusion approximation model without the flux-limiter, the difference in temperatures does not appear to be sufficiently high to have any significant effect on the formation of self-gravitating clumps. Self-gravitating clumps form rapidly in the models both with and without the flux-limiter. These models suggest that the reason for the different outcomes of numerical models of disk instability by different groups cannot be attributed solely to the handling of radiative transfer, but rather appears to be caused by a range of numerical effects and assumptions. Given the observational imperative to have disk instability form at least some extrasolar planets, these models imply that disk instability remains as a viable giant planet formation mechanism.
description: 30 pages, 15 figures. Astrophysical Journal, in press (May 10 issue)
X-ray Emission of Baryonic Gas in the Universe: Luminosity-Temperature Relationship and Soft-Band Background
Creators: name: Zhang, Tong-Jie
name: Liu, Jiren
name: Feng, Long-long
name: He, Ping
name: Fang, Li-Zhi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the X-ray emission of baryon fluid in the universe using the WIGEON cosmological hydrodynamic simulations. It has been revealed that cosmic baryon fluid in the nonlinear regime behaves like Burgers turbulence, i.e. the fluid field consists of shocks. Like turbulence in incompressible fluid, the Burgers turbulence plays an important role in converting the kinetic energy of the fluid to thermal energy and heats the gas. We show that the simulation sample of the $Λ$CDM model without adding extra heating sources can fit well the observed distributions of X-ray luminosity versus temperature ($L_{\rm x}$ vs. $T$) of galaxy groups and is also consistent with the distributions of X-ray luminosity versus velocity dispersion ($L_{\rm x}$ vs. $σ$). Because the baryonic gas is multiphase, the $L_{\rm x}-T$ and $L_{\rm x}-σ$ distributions are significantly scattered. If we describe the relationships by power laws $L_{\rm x}\propto T^{α_{LT}}$ and $L_{\rm x}\propto σ^{α_{LV}}$, we find $α_{LT}>2.5$ and $α_{LV}>2.1$. The X-ray background in the soft $0.5-2$ keV band emitted by the baryonic gas in the temperature range $10^550\barρ_{\rm dm}$ is generally clustered and discretely distributed. Therefore, almost all of the soft X-ray background comes from clustered sources, and the contribution from truly diffuse gas is probably negligible. This point agrees with current X-ray observations.
description: 32 pages including 14 figures and 2 tables. Final version for publication in ApJ
Mach Zehnder Interferometry with NOON Quantum States
Creators: name: Pezze', L.
name: Smerzi, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The paper has been withdrawn by the authors. See newer and expanded version quant-ph/0606221, published in Europhysics Letters 78, 30004 (2007).
description: the paper has been withdrawn by the authors. See newer and expanded version quant-ph/0606221, published in Europhysics Letters 78, 30004 (2007)
Determinants of Web-based CSR Disclosure in the Food Industry
Creators: name: Sommer, Florian
name: Klink, Jeanette
name: Senkl, Daniela
name: Hartmann, Monika
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Corporate Social Responsibility; Online Communication; Dictionary Based Content Analysis; Food Industry

description: Purpose –Web-based CSR disclosure provides a variety of advantages for firms. Determining factors for web-based CSR disclosure have been analyzed in several papers. However, only limited research has been conducted on both, the food industry and small and midsized enterprises. This paper is one contribution to fill this gap as we investigate web-based CSR communication of food processors including SME.

Design/methodology/approach – We analyzed corporate communication on the websites of 71 food producers from North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany using dictionary-based content analysis. Based on an ordered logit model the relationship between CSR communication and size, profitability, indebtedness and closeness to market was estimated. Economic data were obtained from the commercial database DAFNE.

Findings – Our results reveal that larger firms provide relatively more CSR information than smaller firms. There was no significant relationship between CSR disclosure and profitability or indebtedness of a company and an ambiguous relationship with regard to the determinant ‘closeness to market’. Regarding the different areas of communication we found that social compared to environmental aspects were underrepresented.
Practical implications – Social aspects of CSR could be used for differentiation in the market. Furthermore, as smaller firms provide relatively less information on CSR it might be worthwhile to analyze the central impediments for CSR communication for those companies.

Originality/Value – This paper contributes to the ongoing discussion about firms’ CSR communication. From a convenience sample of 71 food processing firms, including SME, it provides insight regarding the determinants for CSR disclosure on firms’ websites. With the focus on the food industry and the inclusion of SME we contribute with our study to two under-researched areas.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Finite temperature spin dynamics of a two-dimensional Bose-Bose atomic mixture
Creators: name: Roy, Arko
name: Ota, Miki
name: Recati, Alessio
name: Dalfovo, Franco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We examine the role of thermal fluctuations in uniform two-dimensional binary Bose mixtures of dilute ultracold atomic gases. We use a mean-field Hartree-Fock theory to derive analytical predictions for the miscible-immiscible transition. A nontrivial result of this theory is that a fully miscible phase at $T=0$ may become unstable at $T\neq0$, as a consequence of a divergent behaviour in the spin susceptibility. We test this prediction by performing numerical simulations with the Stochastic (Projected) Gross-Pitaevskii equation, which includes beyond mean-field effects. We calculate the equilibrium configurations at different temperatures and interaction strengths and we simulate spin oscillations produced by a weak external perturbation. Despite some qualitative agreement, the comparison between the two theories shows that the mean-field approximation is not able to properly describe the behavior of the two-dimensional mixture near the miscible-immiscible transition, as thermal fluctuations smoothen all sharp features both in the phase diagram and in spin dynamics, except for temperature well below the critical temperature for superfluidity.
description: 13 pages, 8 figures
The Topological B-model on a Mini-Supertwistor Space and Supersymmetric Bogomolny Monopole Equations
Creators: name: Popov, Alexander D.
name: Saemann, Christian
name: Wolf, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the recent paper hep-th/0502076, it was argued that the open topological B-model whose target space is a complex (2|4)-dimensional mini-supertwistor space with D3- and D1-branes added corresponds to a super Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions. Without the D1-branes, this topological B-model is equivalent to a dimensionally reduced holomorphic Chern-Simons theory. Identifying the latter with a holomorphic BF-type theory, we describe a twistor correspondence between this theory and a supersymmetric Bogomolny model on R^3. The connecting link in this correspondence is a partially holomorphic Chern-Simons theory on a Cauchy-Riemann supermanifold which is a real one-dimensional fibration over the mini-supertwistor space. Along the way of proving this twistor correspondence, we review the necessary basic geometric notions and construct action functionals for the involved theories. Furthermore, we discuss the geometric aspect of a recently proposed deformation of the mini-supertwistor space, which gives rise to mass terms in the supersymmetric Bogomolny equations. Eventually, we present solution generating techniques based on the developed twistorial description together with some examples and comment briefly on a twistor correspondence for super Yang-Mills theory in three dimensions.
description: 55 pages; v2: typos fixed, published version
Consumer Preferences for High Welfare Meat in Germany: Self-service Counter or Service Counter?
Creators: name: Weinrich, Ramona
name: Kühl, Sarah
name: Franz, Anabell
name: Spiller, Achim
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Service counter; self-service counter; retail; animal welfare; consumer research

description: Many people view animal welfare standards in the agricultural industry as critical and some consumers would prefer to buy high welfare meat. In order to successfully introduce high welfare meat products onto the market, some important marketing decisions must be made. Due to limited shelf space in retail outlets, niche products like high welfare meat cannot be placed both at the self-service counter and at the service counter. In order to analyze where to place it best an online survey of 642 German consumers was conducted. By means of factor and cluster analyses, consumers’ animal welfare attitudes and their preference for a point of purchase were combined. The different target groups were joint using cross tabulation analysis. The results reveal that consumers in the target group show a more positive attitude to the service counter.
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
ЗНАЧЕНИЕ АНАТОМИИ В ХИРУРГИИ И ТРАВМАТОЛОГИИ
Creators: name: Пармонов, Эгамкул
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Анатомия представляет собой фундаментальную основу хирургии и травматологии, играя критическую роль на всех этапах лечения пациентов. В данной статье рассматривается влияние анатомических знаний на планирование, выполнение и оценку хирургических вмешательств, а также на оказание экстренной помощи при травмах. Подробно анализируются анатомические вариации, которые могут значительно повлиять на клинические результаты, и подчеркивается важность индивидуального подхода к каждому пациенту. Обсуждаются современные технологии, такие как 3D-визуализация и виртуальная реальность, которые оптимизируют обучение и улучшают хирургическую подготовку. Статья также включает данные, полученные из недавних исследований, которые показывают, как знание анатомии способствует повышению успешности операций и снижению осложнений, подтверждая тем самым неоценимое значение анатомии в области медицины.
Moving towards Sustainability in Food Chains: Dealing with Costs and Benefits
Creators: name: Schiefer, Gerhard
name: Deiters, Jivka
Publisher: name: CentMA
Year: 2015
Subjects: Supply chain; sustainability; price formation

description: Sustainability concerns are receiving increasingly attention by society and in turn, the food sector and consumers as the food sector’s final customers. Investments towards improvements in sustainability along the chain are usually not evenly distributed along the chain which affects the balance in the distribution of costs and returns. Transparency is a means for supporting an appropriate link between costs and returns. Various alternatives are being discussed. The chapter utilizes a case study approach for elaborating on the possibilities of regaining costs through price premiums, the communication of sustainability to consumers and the cooperation through horizontal and vertical networking alternatives that could support developments towards sustainability through gains in efficiency and concerted engagements in dealing with sustainability, costs and returns along the chain
description: International Journal on Food System Dynamics, Vol 6, No 1 (2015)
Neutrophil elastase gene expression in health and disease
Creators: name: Wong, Edmond Tan-Loon
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Neutrophil elastase (NE) is a major protease carried by neutrophils and synthesized in the promyelocyte. A role of NE in the pathogenesis of emphysema was hypothesized over 25 years ago. Our understanding of the pathogenesis of this disease has remained obscure however, due to the lack of an accurate model for examining the causative role of proteases such as NE in the disease. The hypothesis is presented that over-expression of NE increases susceptibility to emphysema. Two transgenic models were proposed to 1) develop a lung-specific NE transgene to examine the effects of NE over-expression in the lung, and 2) determine the ability of the proximal human NE gene promoter region to drive expression of the gene in mice. The lung-specific promoter-driven NE transgene appeared to be toxic to the developing embryo, and the proximal promoter region of the human NE gene was insufficient to drive transgene expression, suggesting that additional regulatory elements are required to drive NE gene transcription in vivo. To better understand NE gene regulation in vivo, the chromatin structure of the NE locus was examined. Seventeen DNase I hypersensitive sites (DHS) were discovered in an early myeloid cell line. Examination of non-expressing cell lines revealed that the chromatin organization at the locus is unique to NE-transcribing cells. To determine whether DHS flanking the NE gene are important in mediating NE transcription, reporter constructs carrying these sites were introduced transiently into an early myeloid cell line expressing NE. These studies confirmed a minimal functional promoter. The other DHS had no additional effect on transcription in this assay. To determine if these sites play a role in the presence of chromatin, stable transfections were performed. In this case, the minimal promoter was transcriptionally silent. Addition of a distal upstream hypersensitive site, DHS-9, increased expression by three-orders of magnitude. Since this effect was not observed in the transient studies, it can be concluded that DHS-9 is a chromatin-dependent enhancer of transcription. The requirement of DHS-9 in mediating high levels of transcription in the presence of chromatin thus identifies an important role of chromatin organization in NE gene expression in vivo.
Amplitudes in fishnet theories in diverse dimensions and Box ladder diagrams
Creators: name: Bork, L. V.
name: Iakhibbaev, R. M.
name: Muzhichkov, N. B.
name: Sozinov, E. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate properties of four point colour ordered scattering amplitudes in D=6 fishnet CFT. We show that such amplitudes are related via very simple relation to their D=4 counterparts considered previously in the literature. Exploiting this relation we obtain closed expression for such amplitudes and investigate its behaviour at weak and strong coupling. As by product of this investigation we also obtain generating function for on-shell D=6 Box ladder diagrams with l rungs.
description: 45 pages, 13 figures; v3: minor changes, multiple typos corrected, reference added
Magnetic Field Evolution in Neutron Stars: One-Dimensional Multi-Fluid Model
Creators: name: Hoyos, J.
name: Reisenegger, A.
name: Valdivia, J. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: This paper is the first in a series aimed at understanding the long-term evolution of neutron star magnetic fields. We model the stellar matter as an electrically neutral and lightly ionized plasma composed of three moving particle species: neutrons, protons, and electrons, which can be converted into each other by weak interactions (beta decays), suffer binary collisions, and be affected by each other's macroscopic electromagnetic fields. Since the evolution of the magnetic field occurs over thousands of years or more, compared to dynamical time scales (sound and Alfvén) of milliseconds to seconds, we use a slow-motion approximation in which we neglect the inertial terms in the equations of motion for the particles. We restrict ourselves to a one-dimensional geometry in which the magnetic field points in one Cartesian direction but varies only along an orthogonal direction. We study the evolution of the system in three different ways: (i) estimating time scales directly from the equations, guided by physical intuition; (ii) a normal-mode analysis in the limit of a nearly uniform system; and (iii) a finite-difference numerical integration of the equations of motion. We find good agreement between our analytical normal-mode solutions and the numerical simulations. We show that the magnetic field and the particles evolve through successive quasi-equilibrium states, on time scales that can be understood by physical arguments. Depending of the parameter values the magnetic field can evolve by ohmic diffusion or by ambipolar diffusion, the latter being limited either by interparticle collisions or by relaxation to chemical equilibrium through beta decays. The numerical simulations are further validated by verifying that they satisfy the known conservation laws also in highly non-linear situations.
description: Paper Accepted in Astronomy & Astrophysics: 24 April 2008, Paper Reference Number: AA/2008/09466. Paper contains 8 Figures. In this version the section: Summary and Conclusions has been expanded
Experimentally friendly approach towards nonlocal correlations in multisetting N -partite Bell scenarios
Creators: name: Barasiński, Artur
name: Černoch, Antonín
name: Laskowski, Wiesław
name: Lemr, Karel
name: Vértesi, Tamás
name: Soubusta, Jan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we study a recently proposed operational measure of nonlocality by Fonseca and Parisio~[Phys. Rev. A 92, 030101(R) (2015)] which describes the probability of violation of local realism under randomly sampled observables, and the strength of such violation as described by resistance to white noise admixture. While our knowledge concerning these quantities is well established from a theoretical point of view, the experimental counterpart is a considerably harder task and very little has been done in this field. It is caused by the lack of complete knowledge about the facets of the local polytope required for the analysis. In this paper, we propose a simple procedure towards experimentally determining both quantities for $N$-qubit pure states, based on the incomplete set of tight Bell inequalities. We show that the imprecision arising from this approach is of similar magnitude as the potential measurement errors. We also show that even with both a randomly chosen $N$-qubit pure state and randomly chosen measurement bases, a violation of local realism can be detected experimentally almost $100\%$ of the time. Among other applications, our work provides a feasible alternative for the witnessing of genuine multipartite entanglement without aligned reference frames.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures
Supernova Explosions in the Early Universe: Evolution of Radiative Remnants and the Halo Destruction Efficiency
Creators: name: Kitayama, Tetsu
name: Yoshida, Naoki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the evolution of supernova (SN) remnants of the first stars, taking proper account of the radiative feedback of the progenitor stars on the surroundings. We carry out a series of one-dimensional hydrodynamic simulations with radiative cooling, starting from initial configurations that are drawn from the results of our earlier radiation hydrodynamic simulations of the first HII regions. In low-mass (< 10^6 M_sun) halos, the stellar radiation significantly reduces the ambient gas density prior to the SN explosion. The blastwave quickly propagates over the halo's virial radius, leading to complete evacuation of the gas even with the input energy of 10^50 erg. We find that a large fraction of the remnant's thermal energy is lost in 0.1-10 Myr by line cooling, whereas, for larger explosion energies, the remnant expands even more rapidly with decreasing interior density, and cools predominantly via inverse Compton process. In higher mass halos, the gas density near the explosion site remains high and the SN shock is heavily confined; the thermal energy of the remnant is quickly radiated away by free-free emission, even if the total input energy exceeds the binding energy of halos by two orders of magnitude. We show that the efficiency of halo destruction is determined not only by the explosion energy but also by the gas density profile, and thus controlled by radiative feedback prior to the explosion. Several implications of our results for the formation of first quasars and second-generation stars in the universe are also discussed.
description: 13 pages, 11 embedded figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Observational constraints on Myrzakulov gravity
Creators: name: Anagnostopoulos, Fotios K.
name: Basilakos, Spyros
name: Saridakis, Emmanuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use data from Supernovae (SNIa) Pantheon sample, from Baryonic Acoustic Oscillations (BAO), and from cosmic chronometers measurements of the Hubble parameter (CC), alongside arguments from Big Bang Nucleosynthesis (BBN), in order to extract constraints on Myrzakulov $F(R,T)$ gravity. This is a connection-based theory belonging to the Riemann-Cartan subclass, that uses a specific but non-special connection, which then leads to extra degrees of freedom. Our analysis shows that both considered models lead to $\sim 1 σ$ compatibility in all cases. For the involved dimensionless parameter we find that it is constrained to an interval around zero, however the corresponding contours are slightly shifted towards positive values. Furthermore, we use the obtained parameter chains so to reconstruct the corresponding Hubble function, as well as the dark-energy equation-of-state parameter, as a function of redshift. As we show, Model 1 is very close to $Λ$CDM scenario, while Model 2 resembles it at low redshifts, however at earlier times deviations are allowed. Finally, applying the AIC, BIC and the combined DIC criteria, we deduce that both models present a very efficient fitting behavior, and are statistically equivalent with $Λ$CDM cosmology, despite the fact that Model 2 does not contain the latter as a limit.
description: 24 pages, 6 figures, 2 Tables, version published in Phys.Rev.D
Spatial decoherence near metallic surfaces
Creators: name: Fermani, R.
name: Scheel, S.
name: Knight, P. L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first-principles derivation of spatial atomic-sublevel decoherence near dielectric and metallic surfaces. The theory is based on the electromagnetic-field quantization in absorbing dielectric media. We derive an expression for the time-variation of the off-diagonal matrix element of the atomic density matrix for arbitrarily shaped substrates. For planar multilayered substrates we find that for small lateral separations of the atom's possible positions the spatial coherence decreases quadratically with the separation and inversely to the squared atom-surface distance.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures
Single spin measurement using cellular automata techniques
Creators: name: Perez-Delgado, Carlos A.
name: Mosca, Michele
name: Cappellaro, Paola
name: Cory, David G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2006
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose an approach for single spin measurement. Our method uses techniques from the theory of quantum cellular automata to correlate a large amount of ancillary spins to the one to be measured. It has the distinct advantage of being efficient, and to a certain extent fault-tolerant. Under ideal conditions, it requires the application of only order of cube root of N steps (each requiring a constant number of rf pulses) to create a system of N correlated spins. It is also fairly robust against pulse errors, imperfect initial polarization of the ancilla spin system, and does not rely on entanglement. We study the scalability of our scheme through numerical simulation.
description: Submitted to Physical Review Letters
Dynamic instability in a phenomenological model of correlated assets
Creators: name: Raffaelli, Giacomo
name: Marsili, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Statistical Finance (q-fin.ST)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: We show that financial correlations exhibit a non-trivial dynamic behavior. We introduce a simple phenomenological model of a multi-asset financial market, which takes into account the impact of portfolio investment on price dynamics. This captures the fact that correlations determine the optimal portfolio but are affected by investment based on it. We show that such a feedback on correlations gives rise to an instability when the volume of investment exceeds a critical value. Close to the critical point the model exhibits dynamical correlations very similar to those observed in real markets. Maximum likelihood estimates of the model's parameter for empirical data indeed confirm this conclusion, thus suggesting that real markets operate close to a dynamically unstable point.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, revised version
Optimum Signal Linear Detector in the Discrete Wavelet Transform-Domain
Creators: name: Melgar, Ignacio
name: Gomez, Jaime
name: Seijas, Juan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: Information Retrieval (cs.IR)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The problem of known signal detection in Additive White Gaussian Noise is considered. In this paper a new detection algorithm based on Discrete Wavelet Transform pre-processing and threshold comparison is introduced. Current approaches described in [7] use the maximum value obtained in the wavelet domain for decision. Here, we use all available information in the wavelet domain with excellent results. Detector performance is presented in Probability of detection curves for a fixed probability of false alarm.
description: 6 pages
THE DERIVATION OF BOUNDS TO THE GLOBAL OPTIMUM OF AN INTEGER FIXED CHARGE PROBLEM
Creators: name: Roe, Terry L.
name: Roe, Terry L.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1970
Subjects: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods

description: A computationally efficient method is developed in this paper for deriving a sequence of bounds to the global value of an integer fixed charge problem where certain functions are linear only for positive values of the argument and have a jump discontinuity at the origin. While other efficient approximate techniques are available, the technique developed here offers the additional advantage of permitting the sequential error inherent in approximate solutions to be determined.
ЭВОЛЮЦИЯ ФУНКЦИОНИРОВАНИЯ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ В ПОЭЗИИ ИГОРЯ СЕВЕРЯНИНА
Creators: name: Ниязова, Х.Х.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: В данной работе рассматриваются ключевые этапы исследования новообразований в творчестве Игоря Северянина.
How to Reduce Charge Recombination in Organic Solar Cells: There Are Still Lessons to Learn from P3HT:PCBM
Creators: name: Wilken, Sebastian
name: Scheunemann, Dorothea
name: Dahlström, Staffan
name: Nyman, Mathias
name: Parisi, Jürgen
name: Österbacka, Ronald
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Suppressing charge recombination is key for organic solar cells to become commercial reality. However, there is still no conclusive picture of how recombination losses are influenced by the complex nanoscale morphology. Here, new insight is provided by revisiting the P3HT:PCBM blend, which is still one of the best performers regarding reduced recombination. By changing small details in the annealing procedure, two model morphologies were prepared that vary in phase separation, molecular order and phase purity, as revealed by electron tomography and optical spectroscopy. Both systems behave very similarly with respect to charge generation and transport, but differ significantly in bimolecular recombination. Only the system containing P3HT aggregates of high crystalline quality and purity is found to achieve exceptionally low recombination rates. The high-quality aggregates support charge delocalization, which assists the re-dissociation of interfacial charge-transfer states formed upon the encounter of free carriers. For devices with the optimized morphology, an exceptional long hole diffusion length is found, which allows them to work as Shockley-type solar cells even in thick junctions of 300 nm. In contrast, the encounter rate and the size of the phase-separated domains appears to be less important.
description: final version, journal reference and DOI added
Evolution of massive stars at very low metallicity including rotation and binary interactions
Creators: name: Yoon, S. -C.
name: Cantiello, M.
name: Langer, N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss recent models on the evolution of massive stars at very low metallicity including the effects of rotation, magnetic fields and binarity. Very metal poor stars lose very little mass and angular momentum during the main sequence evolution, and rotation plays a dominant role in their evolution. In rapidly rotating massive stars, the rotationally induced mixing time scale can be even shorter than the nuclear time scale throughout the main sequence. The consequent quasi-chemically homogeneous evolution greatly differs from the standard massive star evolution that leads to formation of red giants with strong chemical stratification. Interesting outcomes of such a new mode of evolution include the formation of rapidly rotating massive Wolf-Rayet stars that emit large amounts of ionizing photons, the formation of a long gamma-ray bursts and a hypernovae, and the production of large amounts of primary nitrogen. We show that binary interactions can further enhance the effects of rotation, as mass accretion in a close binary spins up the secondary.
description: 5 pages, 6 figures, To appear in "Proceedings of First Stars III," Eds. Brian W. O'Shea, Alexander Heger & Tom Abel
AGRICULTURAL LAND CONVERSION IN THE TWIN CITIES: PART II, THE NATIONAL RESOURCES INVENTORY
Creators: name: Wegner, Thomas D.
name: Ploetz, Susan T.
name: Taff, Steven J.
name: Wegner, Thomas D.
name: Ploetz, Susan T.
name: Taff, Steven J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: Land Economics/Use

description: We divided the thirteen-county Twin Cities Metropolitan Statistical Area into a "core" and a "fringe" of seven and six counties, respectively. The National Resources Inventory estimates that 170 thousand acres of the Core were converted from agriculture to other uses between 1982 and 1987, while only about 46 thousand acres of the Fringe were so converted. The conversion rate was much greater in the Core than on the Fringe according to the NRI- but not according to the Census of Agriculture. The number of acres of agricultural land converted for each new resident ranged from 0.15 in Sherburne County to 2.49 in Pierce County. Viewed another way, the increase in urban land to house new residents ranged from 0.28 in Ramsey County to 1.23 acres per person in Isanti County.
$Δ$-Machine Learning for Potential Energy Surfaces: A PIP approach to bring a DFT-based PES to CCSD(T) Level of Theory
Creators: name: Nandi, Apurba
name: Qu, Chen
name: Houston, Paul
name: Conte, Riccardo
name: Bowman, Joel M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: ``$Δ$-machine learning" refers to a machine learning approach to bring a property such as a potential energy surface (PES) based on low-level (LL) density functional theory (DFT) energies and gradients to close to a coupled cluster (CC) level of accuracy. Here we present such an approach that uses the permutationally invariant polynomial (PIP) method to fit high-dimensional PESs. The approach is represented by a simple equation, in obvious notation $V_{LL{\rightarrow}CC}=V_{LL}+Δ{V_{CC-LL}}$, and demonstrated for \ce{CH4}, \ce{H3O+}, and $trans$ and $cis$-$N$-methyl acetamide (NMA), \ce{CH3CONHCH3}. For these molecules, the LL PES, $V_{LL}$, is a PIP fit to DFT/B3LYP/6-31+G(d) energies and gradients, and $Δ{V_{CC-LL}}$ is a precise PIP fit obtained using a low-order PIP basis set and based on a relatively small number of CCSD(T) energies. For \ce{CH4} these are new calculations adopting an aug-cc-pVDZ basis, for \ce{H3O+} previous CCSD(T)-F12/aug-cc-pVQZ energies are used, while for NMA new CCSD(T)-F12/aug-cc-pVDZ calculations are performed. With as few as 200 CCSD(T) energies, the new PESs are in excellent agreement with benchmark CCSD(T) results for the small molecules, and for 12-atom NMA training is done with 4696 CCSD(T) energies.
Charged and neutral pion production in the S-matrix approach
Creators: name: Malafaia, V.
name: Pena, M. T.
name: Elster, Ch.
name: Adam, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The S-matrix approach is used to calculate charged as well as neutral pion production reactions from NN scattering, with the same set of underlying processes and interactions. The chiral perturbation theory piN scattering amplitude is used. For the nucleon-nucleon distortions a newly developed realistic potential within the Bonn family of potentials, valid well above the pion production threshold, is considered. In the pi+ production case, the NN potential, the piN relative p-waves and the treatment of the exchanged pion energy build up the observed cross-section strength.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures