cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Structural Racism and Pedestrian Safety: Measuring the Association Between Historical Redlining and Contemporary Pedestrian Fatalities Across the United States, 2010‒2019.
Creators: name: Taylor, Nandi L
name: Harmon, Katherine J
name: Sandt, Laura S
name: Bryan, Shenee
name: Porter, Jamila M
Publisher: name: American Public Health Association
Year: 2023

description:
Objectives. To examine the association between historical redlining and contemporary pedestrian fatalities across the United States. Methods. We analyzed 2010-2019 traffic fatality data, obtained from the Fatality Analysis Reporting System, for all US pedestrian fatalities linked by location of crash to 1930s Home Owners' Loan Corporation (HOLC) grades and current sociodemographic factors at the census tract level. We applied generalized estimating equation models to assess the relationship between the count of pedestrian fatalities and redlining. Results. In an adjusted multivariable analysis, tracts graded D ("Hazardous") had a 2.60 (95% confidence interval = 2.26, 2.99) incidence rate ratio (per residential population) of pedestrian fatalities compared with tracts graded A ("Best"). We found a significant dose‒response relationship: as grades worsened from A to D, rates of pedestrian fatalities increased. Conclusions. Historical redlining policy, initiated in the 1930s, has an impact on present-day transportation inequities in the United States. Public Health Implications. To reduce transportation inequities, understanding how structurally racist policies, past and present, have an impact on community-level investments in transportation and health is crucial.
Computer-Assisted Diagnosis of Genetic Syndromes Using 3D Facial Surface Scans
Creators: name: Bannister, Jordan J.
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Genetic Syndrome
subject: Computer Assisted Diagnosis
subject: 3D Facial Surface Scan
subject: Biostatistics
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Medicine and Surgery
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Due to the complexity and rarity of genetic syndromes, one of the primary difficulties in treating afflicted patients is diagnosing their condition. Gene technologies have been a key tool to improve diagnosis rates, but genetic testing remains inaccurate, inaccessible, or expensive for many people. Computer-assisted facial phenotyping is a complementary strategy that makes use of inexpensive and widely available technologies. Many genetic syndromes are known to be associated with altered facial morphology, and clinical geneticists often make use of facial phenotype to inform diagnoses. The overarching objective of this research was to develop clinically useful image processing algorithms and machine learning models to improve computer-assisted facial phenotyping and syndrome diagnosis systems based on 3D facial surface images. First, a fully automated 3D facial landmarking algorithm was developed to prepare 3D facial surface scans for analysis without manual labor. Next, analyses comparing different 2D and 3D facial representations were performed to determine an optimal facial image acquisition strategy. Machine learning models of 3D facial morphology were then developed to identify abnormal and characteristically syndromic faces. Additionally, an analysis of non-syndromic facial morphology was performed to present quantitative information about facial sex differences to facial surgeons. The main contributions of this thesis are the automated 3D scan processing methods and normalizing flow framework for 3D facial shape modelling that provide the computational methods needed to create a complete and highly interpretable 3D face-based computer aided diagnosis system. Additionally, results from the subject-matched analysis of 2D and 3D facial representations are the first to empirically suggest that using 3D facial imaging instead of 2D photography improves the performance of face-based syndrome diagnosis systems. Finally, the analysis performed for facial surgeons demonstrates that the methods developed in this thesis are applicable to medical domains other than computer-assisted diagnosis.
Dynamical mean-field theory of indirect magnetic exchange
Creators: name: Titvinidze, Irakli
name: Schwabe, Andrej
name: Rother, Niklas
name: Potthoff, Michael
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: To analyze the physical properties arising from indirect magnetic exchange between several magnetic adatoms and between complex magnetic nanostructures on metallic surfaces, the real-space extension of dynamical mean-field theory (R-DMFT) appears attractive as it can be applied to systems of almost arbitrary geometry and complexity. While R-DMFT describes the Kondo effect of a single adatom exactly, indirect magnetic (RKKY) exchange is taken into account on an approximate level only. Here, we consider a simplified model system consisting of two magnetic Hubbard sites ("adatoms") hybridizing with a non-interacting tight-binding chain ("substrate surface"). This two-impurity Anderson model incorporates the competition between the Kondo effect and indirect exchange but is amenable to an exact numerical solution via the density-matrix renormalization group (DMRG). The particle-hole symmetric model at half-filling and zero temperature is used to benchmark R-DMFT results for the magnetic coupling between the two adatoms and for the magnetic properties induced in the substrate. In particular, the dependence of the local adatom and the nonlocal adatom-adatom static susceptibilities as well as the magnetic response of the substrate on the distance between the adatoms and on the strength of their coupling with the substrate is studied. We find both, excellent agreement with the DMRG data even on subtle details of the competition between RKKY exchange and the Kondo effect but also complete failure of the R-DMFT, depending on the parameter regime considered. R-DMFT calculations are performed using the Lanczos method as impurity solver. With the real-space extension of the two-site DMFT, we also benchmark a simplified R-DMFT variant.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures
Performance of a partitioned visual feedback controller
Creators: name: Oh, Paul Y.
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1999
Subjects: Robotics

description: We present a novel approach we call partitioning where the robot's degrees-of-freedom (DOF) are categorized into two classes based on joint kinematics and dynamics to design a coupled multi-input control system. We use image data to visually servo the first class of joints that have quick response time. Position-based data is used to kinematically servo the second class of joints that have large kinematic range. The net effect is an active-vision system that synergistically tracks a diverse range of targets (without using CAD-based models) over a wide bandwidth of motion dynamics.
An EM Algorithm for Localizing Multiple Sound: Sources in Reverberant Environments
Creators: name: Mandel, Michael I.
name: Ellis, Daniel P. W.
name: Jebara, Tony
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Electrical engineering
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We present a method for localizing and separating sound sources in stereo recordings that is robust to reverberation and does not make any assumptions about the source statistics. The method consists of a probabilistic model of binaural multisource recordings and an expectation maximization algorithm for finding the maximum likelihood parameters of that model. These parameters include distributions over delays and assignments of time-frequency regions to sources. We evaluate this method against two comparable algorithms on simulations of simultaneous speech from two or three sources. Our method outperforms the others in anechoic conditions and performs as well as the better of the two in the presence of reverberation.
title: Machine Learning in the functional cardiac MRI evaluation: it’s time to trust machine efficacy
Creators: name: Torlone, Silvia
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Image verification
subject: Technology assessment
subject: Diagnostic procedure
subject: Computer Applications-Detection, diagnosis
subject: MR
subject: Cardiac
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The quantitative assessment of left (LV) and right (RV) ventricular volumes and function plays a major role in the clinical phenotyping of patients with suspected cardiovascular disease. Cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) has emerged as the...
title: Iodine contrast agent increases the absorbed radiation dose in coronary CT angiography.
Creators: name: Mazloumi, Mahta
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Performed at one institution
subject: Observational
subject: Retrospective
subject: Dosimetric comparison
subject: Physics
subject: Dosimetry
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT-Angiography
subject: CT
subject: Radiation physics
subject: Cardiac
subject: Physics in Medical Imaging

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Coronary CT angiography (CCTA) is a non-invasive approach for diagnosis and exclusion of coronary arterial disease (CAD) [1, 2]. During CCTA, an intravenous iodinated contrast agent is administered to the patients to enhance the indistinguishable...
Automatic quantification of osteoarthritis features in MRI using deep learning methods
Creators: name: Felfeliyan, Banafshe
Publisher: name: Schulich School of Engineering
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: MRI
subject: Deep-Learning
subject: Image segmentation
subject: Machine Learning
subject: Medical Imaging
subject: Self Supervised Learning
subject: Weakly Supervised Learning
subject: Domain Adaptation
subject: Bone
subject: Cartilage
subject: Bone marrow lesion
subject: Effusion-synovitis
subject: Osteoarthritis
subject: Education--Health
subject: Radiology
subject: Computer Science
subject: Engineering--Biomedical

description: Osteoarthritis (OA) is a progressive irreversible disease that affects the whole joint involving various tissues including cartilage, bone, and synovium. Accurate OA diagnosis and management requires a thorough understanding of its pathogenesis, along with precise monitoring of its trajectories and changes associated with treatment. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an excellent tool for understanding OA progression and diagnosis. However, its assessment relies on reader-dependent semiquantitative scores, which are subjective, laborious, and insensitive to small changes. An automated OA assessment pipeline using deep learning (DL) can overcome limitations but faces challenges, including low generalizability, label scarcity, and noisy clinical labels with high variability. Therefore, this thesis’s objective is to overcome challenges associated with automated OA assessment by developing DL methods for the quantitative assessment of predominant OA biomarkers (cartilage, effusion-synovitis, and bone marrow lesion (BML)). This thesis proposed ImprovedMaskRCNN (iMaskRCNN), an accurate DL algorithm for multiscale segmentation of tissues involved in OA (femur, tibia, femoral and tibial cartilages, and hip effusion), which improves Dice score by 1-7%. Algorithm outputs are used to quantify cartilage thickness and hip effusion volume. An unsupervised domain adaptation pipeline using iMaskRCNN and CycleGAN was proposed to overcome DL’s low generalizability across MRI sequences. Therefore, a weakly supervised training strategy was proposed for BML segmentation, using soft labels obtained from clinical scoring and a noise-robust loss, which increased the Dice score and recall by 8% and 22%, respectively. Effusion segmentation was achieved using a self-supervised learning approach to pretrain the iMaskRCNN algorithm for training with a few-labeled dataset and improved the Dice by more than 8%. Following validation of the developed methods, results were compared with patient outcomes indicating strong associations of the extracted BML and effusion features (Δpain vs. ΔDL-effusion r =0.59, and Δpain vs. Δtibial BML r=0.49). This research provides an efficient integrated tool for quantifying OA features from MRI to accurately monitor OA progression and structural changes. This tool enables large population analyses and the extraction of more sensitive measures for clinicians to understand OA. The proposed methods have strong potential to apply to other joints, tissues, and medical image analysis problems.
Phonological development of typically developing Kuwaiti Arabic-speaking preschoolers
Creators: name: Ayyad, Hadeel Salama
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: This study documents the development of the phonological skills of typically developing Kuwaiti Arabic-speaking preschool-age children and lays the foundation for a speech-assessment tool for Kuwaiti Arabic. Kuwaiti Arabic is the spoken dialect in Kuwait. The segmental inventory of Kuwaiti Arabic is similar to that of other spoken Arabic dialects and that of Modern Standard Arabic, although with some variation across dialects. The current study used a standard single-word picture- and object-based elicitation that evaluates consonants and vowels across word positions, within a variety of word lengths and structures (88 words altogether). Speech samples were collected by the author from 80 monolingual 4- to 5-year-old Kuwaiti children and were recorded on an M-Audio Track II 24/96 recorder (Beier TGX 58 microphone). This age group was selected because previous research has shown that the Arabic phonological repertoire may be almost complete by age 4; thus, these children had reached an age where it would be essential to intervene if they showed speech delays. Children were recruited from preschools across the state of Kuwait in order to include all dialects and districts. The author, who is a native speaker of Kuwaiti Arabic, was the primary transcriber, with reliability checks conducted on 10% of the sample by phonetically trained transcribers. A nonlinear phonological framework based on Bernhardt and Stemberger (1998) was adopted for analysis of word structures, consonants and features. Preliminary data show that Kuwaiti preschoolers have a rich consonantal inventory across the places of articulation, including emphatic and non-emphatic stops, nasals, approximants, and uvular and pharyngeal fricatives. Some features appear to be still undergoing development. Several word lengths have been acquired by this age, from monosyllabic to four-syllable words. Morphophonemic alternations appear to be still developing. The data for relatively comparable groups of younger and older 4-year-olds were analyzed and showed developmental change across time. In addition, a group at-risk for protracted phonological development was identified which had notably less proficiency in phonological production than the other two groups. Finally, this study attempts to set some of the groundwork for the future development of a phonological test for Kuwaiti Arabic.
title: Estimating the quality of clinical thorax CT images by means of noise power spectrum and modulation transfer function
Creators: name: Passand, Zahra
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Not applicable
subject: Retrospective
subject: Cancer
subject: Observer performance
subject: Dosimetry
subject: CT
subject: Conventional radiography
subject: Thorax
subject: Lung
subject: Imaging Informatics
subject: Multicentre study

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The new radiation protection laws and rules in Europe and especially in Germany require a more detailed automatic assessment of the applied X-ray dose and image quality of e.g.computed tomography (CT) images. While the applied doses are documented,...
Speculative Virtual Verification: Policy-Constrained Speculative Execution
Creators: name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Sidiroglou, Stelios
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: A key problem facing current computing systems is the inability to autonomously manage security vulnerabilities as well as more mundane errors. Since the design of computer architectures is usually performance-driven, hardware often lacks primitives for tasks in which raw speed is not the primary goal. There is little architectural support for monitoring execution at the instruction level, and no mechanisms for assisting an automated response. This paper advocates modifying general-purpose processors to provide both program supervision and automatic response via a policy-driven monitoring mechanism and instruction stream rewriting, respectively. These capabilities form the basis of speculative virtual verification (SVV).SVV is a model for the speculative execution of code based on high-level security and safety constraints. We introduce architectural enhancements to support this framework, including the ability to supply an automated response by rewriting the instruction stream. Finally, given the novelty of the SVV approach to executing software, we briefly consider some important challenges for SVV-based systems.
title: Can CT findings help to decide treatment timing in patients with cavitating pulmonary tuberculosis?
Creators: name: Marrocchio, Cristina
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Retrospective
subject: Cavitation
subject: Staging
subject: CT
subject: Lung
subject: Chest
subject: Observational
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: In patients with post-primary tuberculosis (TB), CT plays an important role in the detection of the disease in case of normal or inconclusive chest x-rays, in the evaluation of complications, and in the definition of disease activity, in particular...
A robotic system for 3D model acquisition from multiple range images
Creators: name: Reed, Michael K.
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Robotics

description: This paper describes a robotic system that builds a 3D CAD model of an object incrementally from multiple range images. It motivates the generation of a solid model at each stage of the modeling process, allowing the use of well-defined geometric algorithms to perform the merging and integration task. The data from each imaging operation is represented by a mesh, which is then extruded in the viewing direction to form a solid model. These solids are merged as they are acquired into a composite model of the object. We describe an algorithm that builds a solid model from a mesh surface and present experimental results of reconstructing a complex object. In addition, we discuss an approach to completely automating the model acquisition process by integration with previous sensor-planning results.
Charge Density Wave Instability and Soft Phonon in $A$Pt$_3$P ($A$=Ca, Sr, and La)
Creators: name: Chen, Hui
name: Xu, Xiaofeng
name: Cao, Chao
name: Dai, Jianhui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The electronic and phonon properties of the platinum pnictide superconductors $A$Pt$_3$P ($A$=Ca, Sr, and La) were studied using first-principles calculations. The spin-orbit coupling effect is significant in LaPt$_3$P but negligible in CaPt$_3$P and SrPt$_3$P, although they all share the same anti-pevroskite structure. Moreover, SrPt$_3$P has been demonstrated to exhibit an unexpected weak charge-density-wave(CDW) instability which is neither simply related to the Fermi-surface nesting nor to the momentum-dependent electron-phonon coupling alone. The instability is absent in CaPt$_3$P and can be quickly suppressed by the external pressure, accompanied with gradual decreases in the phonon softening and BCS $T_c$. Our results suggest SrPt$_3$P as a rare example where superconductivity is enhanced by the CDW fluctuations.
Παγκρεατικός πόρος και χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα. Μορφολογία πόρου και δημιουργία παγκρεατικών λίθων.
Creators: name: Παπαϊωάννου, Σοφία Τριαντάφυλλου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα
Παγκρεατικός πόρος
Παγκρεατικοί λίθοι
Chronic pancreatitis
Pancreatic duct
Pancreatic stones

description: Η χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα αποτελεί φλεγμονώδη διεργασία της εξωκρινούς μοίρας του παγκρέατος, η οποία χαρακτηρίζεται από προοδευτική και μη αναστρέψιμη καταστροφή του παγκρεατικού παρεγχύματος. Η βαριά κατανάλωση αλκοόλης έχει θεωρηθεί ο κύριος αιτιολογικός παράγοντας εμφάνισης χρόνιας παγκρεατίτιδας στις αναπτυγμένες χώρες της δύσης. Η χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα αποτελεί την κύρια αιτία δημιουργίας παγκρεατικών λίθων. Οι παγκρεατικοί λίθοι εντοπίζονται είτε εντός του παγκρεατικού πόρου είτε στο παγκρεατικό παρέγχυμα. Οι λίθοι που εντοπίζονται εντός του πόρου χαρακτηρίζονται αληθείς. Η κατανάλωση αλκοόλης, η οποία σχετίζεται άμεσα με τη χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα, λειτουργεί τοξικά στα λοβιακά κύτταρα του παγκρέατος προκαλώντας διαταραχή στον κυτταρικό μεταβολισμό. Τα απεικονιστικά χαρακτηριστικά της χρόνιας παγκρεατίτιδας αντικατοπτρίζουν την ανομοιογενή, τμηματική ή συνολική καταστροφή του παρεγχύματος και την κομβολογιοειδή διάταση του παγκρεατικού πόρου λόγω των ινώσεων που υφίσταται το τοίχωμα του, και των διατάσεων καθώς και λόγω της ανώμαλης διαμόρφωσης των μικρών εκφορητικών πόρων. Οι απεικονιστικές μέθοδοι που η επιστημονική κοινότητα διαθέτει στη φαρέτρα της είναι ικανές και αλληλοσυμπληρώνουν η μια την άλλη στην ανάδειξη των ευρημάτων και στην παρακολούθηση των ασθενών με χρόνια παγκρεατίτιδα.
description: Chronic pancreatitis is an inflammatory process of the exocrine portion of the pancreas, which is characterized by progressive and irreversible destruction of the pancreatic parenchyma. Heavy alcohol consumption has been considered the main cause of chronic pancreatitis in developed western countries. Chronic pancreatitis is the main cause of pancreatic stones. Pancreatic stones are located either within the pancreatic duct or in the pancreatic parenchyma. Stones found within the pore are classified as true. Alcohol consumption, which is directly related to chronic pancreatitis, works toxically on the lobular cells of the pancreas causing a disturbance in cellular metabolism. The imaging features of chronic pancreatitis reflect the inhomogeneous, partial or total destruction of the parenchyma and the convoluted dilatation of the pancreatic duct due to the fibrosis that its wall undergoes, and the stretching as well as due to the abnormal configuration of the small excretory ducts. The imaging methods that we have in our disposal are capable and complement each other in highlighting the findings and monitoring patients with chronic pancreatitis.
description: Σε συνεργασία με: Ιατρικής (Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης), Μηχανικών Περιβάλλοντος (Διεθνές Πανεπιστήμιο Ελλάδας)
Privacy as an Operating System Service
Creators: name: Loannidis, Sotiris
name: Sidiroglou, Stelios
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2006
Subjects: Computer science

description: The issue of electronic privacy has of late attracted considerable attention. The proliferation of Internet services and, perhaps unavoidably, Internet crime, in conjunction with expanded government monitoring of communications has caused irreparable damage to the basic definition of privacy (the state or condition of being free from unwanted surveillance). Implementing privacy in personal computer systems has traditionally been the domain of the paranoid computer specialist. In order for basic privacy to become pervasive among the non-technical user base, we believe that it must imitate the usage of other successful security (and other) services. Services like filesystem encryption, email and web security are successful because they are invisible to the user. Other services (not related to security) such as backups, networking, file searching, etc., also gain traction by being well integrated with the user's operating environment. In most cases, this means embedding such services in the OS. In this work, we propose a new paradigm for implementing privacy, as an operating system service. We believe that privacy, similarly to other security services, is a service that has cross-application appeal and must therefore be centrally positioned.
title: Optimization of contrast medium volume in abdominal CT: a prospective comparison between fixed and lean body weight-adapted injection protocols
Creators: name: Rosati, Elisa
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Experimental
subject: Prospective
subject: Image verification
subject: Contrast agent-intravenous
subject: CT
subject: Contrast agents
subject: Abdomen
subject: Abdominal Viscera

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Contrast-enhanced CT is the imaging modality of choice for the study of the abdomen in a large spectrum of diseases. However, there are no general recommendations or established guidelines regarding the CM dosing method necessary to optimize...
Poster: Grenzen des Transparenzideals der DSGVO
Creators: name: von Maltzan, Stephanie
name: Vettermann, Oliver
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: DSGVO
Transparenz
Datenschutzerklärung
Annotation
Machine Learning
Scraping

description: Das mit Mitteln des Bundesministeriums für Bildung und Forschung (Förderkennzeichen: 16SV8394) geförderte Projekt PANDIA setzt sich mit mit der Aufbereitung von Datenschutzerklärungen in einer lesbaren und verständlichen Form auseinander. Durch visuell ansprechende und leicht verständliche Angaben über Kernfaktoren von Datenschutzerklärungen sollten Nutzende informiert Entscheidungen über das “Alle akzeptieren” in Cookie-Bannern treffen können.

Das Poster, eingereicht und vorgestellt auf der Forum Privatheit am 06.10.2023, zeigt die aufgetretenen Probleme und mögliche Lösungsansätze für den (vorübergehenden) Umgang mit dem Transparenzdilemma der DSGVO.
Εγκυρότητα όψης της εξέτασης Β2 ÖSD
Creators: name: Πατσιούρα, Μαρία Δημητρίου
Publisher: name: Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
Year: 2023
Subjects: Εγκυρότητα όψης
Εξετάσεις γλωσσών
ÖSD (Österreichisches Sprachdiplom Deutschland)
Face validity
Language examinations

description: Επιχειρούμε να καθορίσουμε την εγκυρότητα όψης (face validity) των εξετάσεων που διοργανώνονται για την απόκτηση πιστοποιητικού γνώσης της γερμανικής γλώσσας στο επίπεδο Β2 στην κλίμακα που προτείνει το Συμβούλιο της Ευρώπης, το Österreichisches Sprachdiplom Zertifikat B2 (ZB2). Το θεωρητικό πλαίσιο της έρευνας είναι αυτό της δοκιμολογίας και ειδικότερα της επιστημονικής ειδικότητας που στοχεύει στη διαπίστωση της εγκυρότητας όψης των εξετάσεων των γλωσσών. Η μεθοδολογία προβλέπει τη διεξαγωγή δύο διαδοχικών ερευνών. Η πρώτη, διερευνητική και ποιοτική, συνίσταται στη διοργάνωση συνεντεύξεων με άτομα που συμμετέχουν στη διαδικασία των εξετάσεων (καθηγητές, μαθητές) και στην ανάλυση του περιεχομένου των σχόλιων τους. Η δεύτερη, ποσοτική, συνίσταται στην επαλήθευση, χρησιμοποιώντας ένα ερωτηματολόγιο που κατασκευάστηκε με βάση τις αναπαραστάσεις που προσδιορίστηκαν κατά την πρώτη έρευνα και διανεμήθηκε σε μεγαλύτερο δείγμα του ενδιαφερόμενου πληθυσμού, της πίστωσης που δίνεται σε αυτές τις αναπαραστάσεις.
description: We are trying to establish the face validity of the exams organized to obtain a certificate of knowledge of the German language at level B2 on the scale proposed by the Council of Europe, the Österreichisches Sprachdiplom Certificate B2 (ZB2). The theoretical framework of the research is that of docimology and more particularly the discipline which aims to establish the aspect validity of language examinations. The methodology provides for the conduct of two successive searches. The first, exploratory and qualitative, consists of organizing interviews with people involved in the examination process (teachers, students) and analyzing the content of their comments. The second, quantitative, consists in verifying, using a questionnaire constructed on the basis of the representations identified during the first research and distributed to a larger sample of the population concerned, the credit given to these representations.
Inhomogeneous charged black hole solutions in asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime
Creators: name: Maeda, Kengo
name: Okamura, Takashi
name: Koga, Jun-ichirou
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate static inhomogeneous charged planar black hole solutions of the Einstein-Maxwell system in an asymptotically anti-de Sitter spacetime. Within the framework of linear perturbations, the solutions are numerically and analytically constructed from the Reissner-Nordström-AdS black hole solution. The perturbation analysis predicts that the Cauchy horizon always disappears for any wavelength perturbation, supporting the strong cosmic censorship conjecture. For extremal black holes, we analytically show that an observer freely falling into the black hole feels infinite tidal force at the horizon for any long wavelength perturbation, even though the Kretschmann scalar curvature invariant remains small.
description: 11 pages, 8 figures, introduction has been clarified and typos have been modified. Some references are added. To be published in PRD
Preliminary Reporting Patterns of Suicide Ideation and Attempt Among Native American Adolescents in Two Samples
Creators: name: Klimes-Dougan, Bonnie
name: Wiglesworth, Andrea
name: Prinstein, Mitchell J.
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023

description:
OBJECTIVE: Native American adolescents are disproportionately burdened by suicidality. Here, we examine patterns of reporting of suicide ideation and suicide attempt among Native American youth compared to those from other ethnoracial backgrounds, as this data is important for grounding commonly subscribed to frameworks of suicide risk (e.g., ideation-to-action). METHOD: Data are from the Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey (N = 54,243; grades 9-12; 51.0% female) and Minnesota Student Survey (N = 335,151; grades 8, 9, 11; 50.7% female). Comparing Native American youth to peers from other ethnoracial backgrounds, we examined two suicide reporting patterns: 1) odds of reporting suicide attempt among those who reported ideation and 2) odds of reporting suicide ideation among those who reported an attempt. RESULTS: Across both samples, when reporting suicide ideation, youth from other ethnoracial backgrounds were 20-55% less likely than Native American youth to also report attempt. While few consistent differences were observed between Native American youth and those from other racial minority backgrounds in patterns of co-reporting suicide ideation and attempt across samples, White youth were between 37% and 63% less likely than Native American youth to report a suicide attempt without also reporting ideation. CONCLUSIONS: The increased odds of engaging in a suicide attempt with or without reporting ideation question the generalizability of widely held frameworks of suicide risk to Native American youth and have important implications for suicide risk monitoring. Future research is needed to illuminate how these behaviors unfold over time and the potential mechanisms of risk for engaging in suicide attempts in this disproportionately burdened group. Abbreviations: YRBSS: Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance Survey; MSS: Minnesota Student Survey.
Online Network Forensics for Automatic Repair Validation
Creators: name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Burnside, Matthew Spindel
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2008
Subjects: Computer science

description: Automated intrusion prevention and self-healing software are active areas of security systems research. A major hurdle for the widespread deployment of these systems is that many system administrators lack confidence in the quality of the generated fixes. Thus, a key requirement for future self-healing software is that each automatically-generated fix must be validated before deployment. Under the response rates required by self-healing systems, we believe such verification must proceed automatically. We call this process Automatic Repair Validation (ARV). We describe the design and implementation of Bloodhound, a system that tags and tracks information between the kernel and the application and correlates symptoms of exploits (such as memory errors) with high-level data (e.g., network flows). By doing so, Bloodhound can replay the flows that triggered the repair process against the newly healed application to help show that the repair is accurate (i.e., it defeats the exploit). We show through experimentation a performance impact of as little as 2.6%.
Polynomial Relations for q-Characters via the ODE/IM Correspondence
Creators: name: Sun, Juanjuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2012
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Let $U_q(\mathfrak{b})$ be the Borel subalgebra of a quantum affine algebra of type $X^{(1)}_n$ ($X=A,B,C,D$). Guided by the ODE/IM correspondence in quantum integrable models, we propose conjectural polynomial relations among the $q$-characters of certain representations of $U_q(\mathfrak{b})$.
Application Communities: Using Monoculture for Dependability
Creators: name: Locasto, Michael E.
name: Sidiroglou, Stelios
name: Keromytis, Angelos D.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2005
Subjects: Computer science

description: Artificial diversity is one method for mitigating the security risks of software monoculture. Introducing diversity increases resilience by obfuscating the system parameters an attacker must control for a successful exploit. We take a different approach to resilience and introduce the concept of Application Communities (AC): collections of independent instances of the same application that cooperatively monitor their execution for flaws and attacks and notify the community when such events are detected. We propose a set of parameters that de ne an AC and explore the tradeoffs between the minimal size of an AC, the marginal overhead imposed on each member, and the speed with which new faults are detected. We provide a sketch of both analytical and experimental results that show ACs are feasible for current applications: an AC of 15,000 members can monitor Apache for new faults with a 6% performance degradation for each member.
Roles of muscle-associated cells during muscle regeneration.
Creators: name: Yang, Lucy
name: Ruel, Tyler
name: Kocha, Katrinka
name: Huang, Peng
Publisher: name: Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
Year: 2018
Subjects: Muscle
Muscle associated cells
Zebrafish
Muscle stem cells
Muscle regeneration
Muscle injury

description: Skeletal muscles control many essential functions that we constantly perform including walking, eating, and breathing. Any diseases that compromise muscle function, such as muscular dystrophy, will have a noticeable impact on the quality of a person’s life. Understanding molecular and cellular mechanisms underlying muscle regeneration will help design new therapeutic approaches to promote muscle injury repair and ameliorate different muscular disorders. Current research mostly focus on known muscle stem cells (satellite cells), while little is known about other types of muscle-associated cells and how they contribute to muscle regeneration. For example, some studies have found that fibro/adipogenic progenitors do not generate muscle fibers but create microenvironments that promote muscle stem cell activity during regeneration instead. My research project aims to determine the functions and responses of different muscle-associated cells during muscle injury repair using zebrafish as a model system. We hypothesize that each type of muscle-associated cell has a distinct regulatory function that aids the muscle regeneration process. To address this topic, I first optimized two complementary techniques to section adult muscle tissues — I used vibratome sectioning to generate thicker sections to maintain 3-dimensional architecture and cryosectioning to prepare thin sections for histological staining. Combining these techniques with different muscle injury models, I have performed detailed time course experiments to determine how muscle repair progresses with respect to either glycerol or cardiotoxin-induced injury. Preliminary results have shown that muscle injury repair in adult zebrafish is dependent on the type of injury. Thus far, glycerol-injected fish seem to suffer catastrophic muscle damage that is still evident 5 days post-injury. Next, I will determine how different types of muscle-associated cells contribute to muscle regeneration under different injury conditions.
title: Is the arterial enhancement fraction (AEF) a suitable biomarker for the detection of residual or recurrent hepatic tumours after locoregional therapy?
Creators: name: Korcakova, Eva
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Retrospective
subject: Biological effects
subject: Treatment effects
subject: Chemoembolisation
subject: Image manipulation / Reconstruction
subject: CT
subject: Liver
subject: Computer applications
subject: Abdomen
subject: Oncologic Imaging
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: After locoregional treatment of the liver tumour, it is necessary an intensive and long-term follow-up. Nevertheless, sometimes is difficult to distinguish between changes after treatment and tumor residue or recurrence and standard imaging methods...
title: Transradial approach in interventional oncology: an european survey.
Creators: name: Posa, Alessandro
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Multicentre study
subject: Not applicable
subject: Prospective
subject: Haemodynamics / Flow dynamics
subject: Education and training
subject: Technical aspects
subject: Puncture
subject: Arterial access
subject: Fluoroscopy
subject: Catheter arteriography
subject: Professional issues
subject: Interventional vascular
subject: Arteries / Aorta
subject: Interventional Radiology

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: Transradial approach (TRA) is widely accepted as a safe and feasible endovascular route for haemodynamic procedures; however, it is still underused by interventional radiologists. We performed a multi-country survey among interventional radiologists...
Automated model acquisition from range images with view planning
Creators: name: Reed, Michael K.
name: Allen, Peter K.
name: Stamos, Ioannis
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Computer science

description: We present an incremental system that builds accurate CAD models of objects from multiple range images. Using a hybrid of surface mesh and volumetric representations, the system creates a "water-tight" 3D model at each step of the modeling process, allowing reasonable models to be built from a small number of views. We also present a method that can be used to plan the next view and reduce the number of scans needed to recover the object. Results are presented for the creation of 3D models of a computer game controller, a hip joint prosthesis, and a mechanical strut.
Sums of two triangularizable quadratic matrices over an arbitrary field
Creators: name: Pazzis, Clément de Seguins
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 15A24, 15B33

description: Let K be an arbitrary field, and a,b,c,d be elements of K such that the polynomials t^2-at-b and t^2-ct-d are split in K[t]. Given a square matrix M with entries in K, we give necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of two matrices A and B such that M=A+B, A^2=a A+bI_n and B^2=c B+dI_n. Prior to this paper, such conditions were known in the case b=d=0, a<>0 and c<>0, and also in the case a=b=c=d=0. Here, we complete the study, which essentially amounts to determining when a matrix is the sum of an idempotent and a square-zero matrix. This generalizes results of Wang to an arbitrary field, possibly of characteristic 2.
description: 14 pages
Integrating real-time vision and manipulation
Creators: name: Yoshimi, Billibon
name: Allen, Peter K.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 1997
Subjects: Robotics

description: Describes a system that integrates real-time computer vision with a sensorless gripper to provide closed-loop feedback control for grasping and manipulation tasks. Many hand-eye coordination skills can be thought of as sensory control loops, where specialized reasoning has been embodied as a feedback or control path in the loop's construction. Our framework captures the essence of these hand-eye coordination skills in simple visual control primitives, which are a key component of the software integration. The primitives use a simple visual tracking and correspondence scheme to provide real-time feedback control in the presence of imprecise camera calibrations. Experimental results are shown for the positioning task of locating, picking up and inserting a bolt into a nut under visual control. Results are also presented for the visual control of a bolt tightening task.
title: An interpretable classification model of brain atrophy with computed tomography linear measurements via deep learning
Creators: name: Wang, Jincheng
Publisher: name: European Congress of Radiology
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Neuro
subject: Artificial Intelligence
subject: CNS
subject: Neuroradiology brain
subject: CT
subject: CT-Quantitative
subject: Statistics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Tissue characterisation
subject: Retrospective
subject: Diagnostic or prognostic study
subject: Performed at one institution

description: Purpose Methods and materials Results Conclusion Personal information and conflict of interest References
description: Purpose: The loss or atrophy of brain tissue is receiving increasing attention from scientific researchers and neurologists. Because many neurological diseases can be associated with brain atrophy, such as mental illness, neurodegenerative disease,...
A Systematic Review of Interventions for Young Men Who Have Sex With Men and Young Transgender Women Living with HIV
Creators: name: Go, Vivian F.
name: Muessig, Kate
name: Gaynes, Bradley N.
name: Nguyen, Minh X.
name: Li, Chunyan
Publisher: name: Springer Nature
Year: 2023

description:
Young men who have sex with men (YMSM) and young transgender women (YTGW) have unique challenges to HIV care. We conducted a systematic review to summarize behavioral and structural interventions exclusively targeting YMSM and YTGW living with HIV. We screened 6546 records published through August 19th, 2022 from six databases. For eligibility, studies needed to involve structural or behavioral interventions exclusively targeting YMSM and/or YTGW living with HIV or presenting disaggregated data in this group. Quality assessment was performed using the ICROMS checklist. Twenty studies from 18 interventions were included in the review. There was considerable heterogeneity in intervention characteristics, including population, location, content and format of the interventions and targeted outcomes. Half of the interventions were described as pilot studies, and all but one study was conducted in the United States. The most common outcomes included the HIV care continuum, followed by HIV knowledge and self-efficacy, HIV-risk behaviors and mental health. The evidence base remained sparse, and the results on effectiveness were inconsistent, with some interventions reporting improved outcomes among participants after receiving treatment and others not reporting any meaningful changes. Although there has been some progress in the development of interventions targeting this group, we highlighted several directions for future research. Interventions expanding to low-resource settings, addressing structural barriers, and targeting different aspects of health among participants are warranted. Rigorous studies with larger sample sizes that follow participants over longer periods are necessary to increase the strength of the evidence.
Guidelines for Developing Low Frequency Model Equivalents in Emerging Electrical Grids
Creators: name: Al-Eryani, Sameh Mohammed Anas
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Power Systems
subject: Dynamics
subject: Generation
subject: Reduction
subject: Equivalents
subject: Low Frequency
subject: Aggregation
subject: Static Reduction
subject: Power Electronics
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering
subject: Engineering--Electronics and Electrical

description: Dynamic model equivalents of power systems is an ongoing topic that continues to be relevant despite computing power advancements. Today's electrical grids are going through significant changes. The integration and installation of technologies that use power electronic devices pose a continuous need for stability studies in many fronts. Literature focuses on dynamic model equivalent techniques, their development and validation. However, the literature lacks comprehensive guidelines to produce equivalent models consistently. This thesis presents a general procedure and guidelines to develop low frequency dynamic model equivalents. The proposed procedure and guidelines are aimed at developing consistent and reliable low frequency model equivalents. The guidelines will be demonstrated on a test system to validate the recommendations and show the impact of not following a consistent methodology in developing the equivalent. Finally, the procedure and guidelines will be applied on Alberta Interconnected Electric System to demonstrate the application on a real system model.
Feasibility Study of a Radial Turbine for a Solar Chimney Power Plant
Creators: name: Caicedo Flores, Paul Vinicio
Publisher: name: Graduate Studies
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Renewable Energy
subject: Solar Chimney Power Plant
subject: Radial Turbine
subject: Energy
subject: Engineering--Mechanical

description: Solar Chimney Power Plants (SCPPs) use solar radiation to increase the temperature of the air creating an airflow which is used to drive one or more turbines. Only one large-scale prototype has been built in Manzanares, Spain. Among other factors, the uniqueness of each location plays against a mass production method for the whole system or specific components. According to the literature review, the cost of the turbine is an average of 15 % of the total investment. This thesis investigates if a radial turbine with sheet steel blades placed at the bottom of the Manzanares SCPP is a cost-effective solution. Three radial turbines are designed and the largest power output achieved is 77.7 kW at 15 rpm for a solar radiation of 850 W/m^2, more than 40 kW higher than the original axial turbine. The thickness of the blades and the Levelized Electricity Cost (LEC) are calculated.