cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Statistical Time-Resolved Spectroscopy: A higher fraction of short-period binaries for metal-rich F-type dwarfs in SDSS
Creators: name: Hettinger, T.
name: Badenes, C.
name: Strader, J.
name: Bickerton, S. J.
name: Beers, T. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Stellar multiplicity lies at the heart of many problems in modern astrophysics, including the physics of star formation, the observational properties of unresolved stellar populations, and the rates of interacting binaries such as cataclysmic variables, X-ray binaries, and Type Ia supernovae. However, little is known about the stellar multiplicity of field stars in the Milky Way, in particular about the differences in the multiplicity characteristics between metal-rich disk stars and metal-poor halo stars. In this study we perform a statistical analysis of ~14,000 F-type dwarf stars in the Milky Way through time-resolved spectroscopy with the sub-exposures archived in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. We obtain absolute radial velocity measurements through template cross-correlation of individual sub-exposures with temporal baselines varying from minutes to years. These sparsely sampled radial velocity curves are analyzed using Markov chain Monte Carlo techniques to constrain the very short-period binary fraction for field F-type stars in the Milky Way. Metal-rich disk stars were found to be 30% more likely to have companions with periods shorter than 12 days than metal-poor halo stars.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in ApJ Letters
title: Engineering access to higher education through higher education fairs (LIEPP Working Paper, n°22)
Creators: name: Van Zanten, Agnès
name: Legrave, Amélie
Publisher: name: Sciences Po - LIEPP
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: FOS: Social sciences
valueUri: http://www.oecd.org/science/inno/38235147.pdf

description: Text from Van Zanten A., Legavre A. “Engineering access to higher education through higher education fairs”, in Goastellec G., Picard F. (ed.) The Roles of Higher Education and Research in the Fabric of Societies, Leuven, Sense Publishers, 2014 (in press). Transition to higher education is a major social process. This transition has been mostly studied by French sociologists of education and higher education from perspectives focusing predominantly on the role of the socio-economic status, academic profiles and different tracks followed by secondary school students (Merle 1996, Duru-Bellat and Kieffer 2008, Convert 2010), and, to a lesser extent, on the types of secondary schools attended (Duru-Bellat and Mingat 1998, Nakhili 2005) and the local higher education provision (Berthet et al. 2010, Orange 2013). Although these structural determinants play a major role in explaining significant regularities, they provide more powerful explanations for individuals representing the extremes of the different variables considered, leaving room for the influence of other major factors for those students in intermediate situations. In addition, even in the case of students occupying extreme positions, structural perspectives better explain the distribution of students between different higher education tracks than they do between institutions and disciplines. In this chapter, we adopt a perspective that we see as complementary to and interacting with the perspective centred on structural determinants by focusing on the role of the devices that mediate the exchanges between students and higher education institutions, and more specifically on one device: higher education fairs. Our purpose in doing so is not only to document how these various devices frame, in ways that remain largely unexplored by researchers, exchanges between providers and consumers of higher education but also to point out – and further explore in future publications – how these devices, and the specific features of fairs, contribute to the reproduction and transformation of educational inequalities in access to higher education (Benninghoff et al. 2012).
New developments in relativistic magnetohydrodynamics
Creators: name: Hattori, Koichi
name: Hongo, Masaru
name: Huang, Xu-Guang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Relativistic magnetohydrodynamics (RMHD) provides an extremely useful description of the low-energy long-wavelength phenomena in a variety of physical systems from quark-gluon plasma in heavy-ion collisions to matters in supernovas, compact stars, and early universe. We review the recent theoretical progresses of RMHD, such as a formulation of RMHD from the perspective of magnetic flux conservation using the entropy-current analysis, the nonequilibrium statistical operator approach applied to quantum electrodynamics, and the relativistic kinetic theory. We discuss how the transport coefficients in RMHD are computed in kinetic theory and perturbative quantum field theories. We also explore the collective modes and instabilities in RMHD with a special emphasis on the role of chirality in a parity-odd plasma. We also give some future prospects of RMHD, including the interaction with spin hydrodynamics and the new kinetic framework with magnetic flux conservation.
description: 103 pages, 9 figures. Invited review for Symmetry
Tracing the History of the Legal System in Afghanistan
Creators: name: Hashimy, Sayed Qudrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Constitutional law

description: The Muslim Devine Laws are based on revelation. No authority in the entire world can enact or modify Quran. It is unchangeable, and this immutability is equally respected by both Sunni and Shia communities. There are four sources of Muslim or Islamic Law viz Quran, Sunna, Ijma (Consensus of the Muslim Scholar), and Qiyas (justice reasoning). Since the development of Muslim Law was arrested in the tenth century, the fikh (Science of Muslim Law) body of law is manifestly incapable of adapting to modern societies. The propensity of the fikh to adapt to modern doctrines and values has created a problem, especially in countries with a Muslim majority who have abandoned their passive attitude and have looked to western nations as a model since their last century, attracted not only by their material prosperity but by their political ideas and moral concept as well. While many Islamic rules were probably quite adequate in their own time, today, they seem outmoded and sometimes even shocking. Muslim Law still stands as one of the most significant legal systems in use today, governing the affairs of more Muslims. The present study employs doctrinal research and relies on primary and secondary literature sources. The present study highlights the legal systems that prevailed in Afghanistan over time. The scope of the existing studies is limited to Afghanistan’s legal system; the study shall deal with the other legal systems.
Local volume conservation in concentrated electrolytes is governing charge transport in electric fields
Creators: name: Lorenz, Martin
name: Kilchert, Franziska
name: Nürnberg, Pinchas
name: Schammer, Max
name: Latz, Arnulf
name: Horstmann, Birger
name: Schönhoff, Monika
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: While ion transport processes in concentrated electrolytes, e.g. based on ionic liquids (IL), are a subject of intense research, the role of conservation laws and reference frames is still a matter of debate. Employ-ing electrophoretic NMR, we show that momentum conservation, a typical prerequisite in molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, is not governing ion transport. Involving density measurements to deter-mine molar volumes of distinct ion species, we propose that conservation of local molar species volumes is the governing constraint for ion transport. The experimentally quantified net volume flux is found as zero, implying a non-zero local momentum flux, as tested in pure ILs and IL-based electrolytes for a broad variety of concentrations and chemical compositions. This constraint is consistent with incom-pressibility, but not with a local application of momentum conservation. The constraint affects the calcu-lation of transference numbers as well as comparisons of MD results to experimental findings.
SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL METHODS OF ORGANIZING SPIRITUAL AND EDUCATIONAL PROPAGANDA WORK: DIGITAL OR TRADITIONAL PROPAGANDA
Creators: name: To'rakulov, Zokhid
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: The article reflects on propaganda, its history, its role in social and political processes, its manifestations and the main methods of propaganda used in world practice today. There are also several techniques cited by the author for use in digital propaganda.
Advance sharing of quantum shares for classical secrets
Creators: name: Miyajima, Rina
name: Matsumoto, Ryutaroh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Cryptography and Security (cs.CR)
subject: Information Theory (cs.IT)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 94A62 (Primary) 81P94 (Secondary)

description: Secret sharing schemes for classical secrets can be classified into classical secret sharing schemes and quantum secret sharing schemes. Classical secret sharing has been known to be able to distribute some shares before a given secret. On the other hand, quantum mechanics extends the capabilities of secret sharing beyond those of classical secret sharing. We propose quantum secret sharing with the capabilities in designing of access structures more flexibly and realizing higher efficiency beyond those of classical secret sharing, that can distribute some shares before a given secret.
description: 11 pages, 1 figure, 1 table. Publisher's open access PDF. Results unchanged. This research was in part presented at QCrypt 2022, Taipei City, Taiwan, August 29-September 2, 2022
Shape of higher-order images of equatorial emission rings around a Schwarzschild black hole: Analytical description with polar curves
Creators: name: Tsupko, Oleg Yu.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Higher-order photon rings can be expected to be detected in a more detailed image of the black hole found in future observations. These rings are lensed images of the luminous matter surrounding the black hole and are formed by photons that loop around it. In this paper we have succeeded to derive an analytical expression for the shape of the higher-order rings in the form that is most convenient for application: the explicit equation of the curve in polar coordinates. The formula describes the apparent shape of the higher-order image of the circular ring with the given radius around Schwarzschild black hole as viewed by distant observer with an arbitrary inclination. For the derivation, the strong deflection limit of the gravitational deflection is used. Our formula is a simple and efficient alternative to the numerical calculation of ray trajectories, with the main application to studying the shape of $n=2$ and $n=3$ photon rings.
description: See also our previous paper arXiv:2201.01716
Constraining spacetime variations of nuclear decay rates from light curves of type Ia supernovae
Creators: name: Karpikov, Ivan
name: Piskunov, Maxim
name: Sokolov, Anton
name: Troitsky, Sergey
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The luminosity of fading type Ia supernovae is governed by radioactive decays of 56Ni and 56Co. The decay rates are proportional to the Fermi coupling constant G_F and, therefore, are determined by the vacuum expectation value v of the Brout-Englert-Higgs field. We use publicly available sets of light curves of type Ia supernova at various redshifts to constrain possible spacetime variations of the 56Ni decay rate. The resulting constraint is not very tight; however, it is the only direct bound on the variation of the decay rate for redshifts up to z~1. We discuss potential applications of the result to searches for non-constancy of G_F and v.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures. V2: larger data set used, constraints improved significantly; text revised considerably
Structure, magnetic, photocatalytic and blood compatibility studies of nickel nanoferrites prepared by laser ablation technique in distilled water
Creators: name: Özçelik, S.
name: Yalçın, B.
name: Arda, L.
name: Santos, H.
name: Sáez-Puche, R.
name: Angurel, L.A.
name: de la Fuente, G.F.
name: Özçelik, B.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Other chemical sciences not elsewhere classified

description: The main objective of this study is to investigate the structural features, magnetic behaviour, photocatalytic properties and blood compatibility of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles (NPs) obtained by subnanosecond laser ablation in water. Structure and size distribution of NPs were studied using X-Ray Diffractometry (XRD) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). The photocatalytic properties of NPs were evaluated by photo-degradation of Methylene Blue (MeB) dye under ambient visible light illumination. Four different kinetic models were used to identify the photocatalytic degradation mechanism of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles and it was found that the pseudo-second-order model was the most suitable type to interpret the experimental kinetic data of MeB photodegradation. The hemocompatibility of NiFe2O4 nanoparticles was studied by hemolysis tests using human erythrocytes drawn from healthy volunteers. NiFe2O4 nanoparticles caused undesirable hemolysis ratios at 0.05, 1 and 5 mg/ml concentrations, while the biologically safe concentration of these nanoparticles was found to be below 0.01 mg/ml.
Convergence analysis of a polyenergetic SART algorithm
Creators: name: Humphries, Thomas
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Purpose: We analyze a recently proposed polyenergetic version of the simultaneous algebraic reconstruction technique (SART). This algorithm, denoted pSART, replaces the monoenergetic forward projection operation used by SART with a post-log, polyenergetic forward projection, while leaving the rest of the algorithm unchanged. While the proposed algorithm provides good results empirically, convergence of the algorithm was not established mathematically in the original paper. Methods: We analyze pSART as a nonlinear fixed point iteration by explicitly computing the Jacobian of the iteration. A necessary condition for convergence is that the spectral radius of the Jacobian, evaluated at the fixed point, is less than one. A short proof of convergence for SART is also provided as a basis for comparison. Results: We show that the pSART algorithm is not guaranteed to converge, in general. The Jacobian of the iteration depends on several factors, including the system matrix and how one models the energy dependence of the linear attenuation coefficient. We provide a simple numerical example that shows that the spectral radius of the Jacobian matrix is not guaranteed to be less than one. A second set of numerical experiments using realistic CT system matrices, however, indicates that conditions for convergence are likely to be satisfied in practice. Conclusion: Although pSART is not mathematically guaranteed to converge, our numerical experiments indicate that it will tend to converge at roughly the same rate as SART for system matrices of the type encountered in CT imaging. Thus we conclude that the algorithm is still a useful method for reconstruction of polyenergetic CT data.
Para-hydrogen generator files
Creators: name: Ellermann, Frowin
name: Pravdivtsev, Andrey N.
name: Jan-Bernd Hövener
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29903 Medical Physics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: All files related to the publication "Open-source, 3D-printed, high-pressure (50 bar) liquid-nitrogen-cooled para-hydrogen generator"
On the possibility of observable signatures of leptonium from astrophysical sources
Creators: name: Ellis, S. C.
name: Bland-Hawthorn, J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The formation of Ps in our Galaxy is well measured, and has led to important and unanswered questions on the origin of the positrons. In principle it should be possible to form analogous systems from mu and tau leptons, viz. true muonium and true tauonium. However the probability of formation for these systems is greatly reduced due to the intrinsically short lifetimes of the mu and tau leptons. Likewise, the decay of the atoms is hastened by the high probability of the constituent particles decaying. Nevertheless, if sufficient numbers of mu and tau pairs are produced in high energy astrophysical environments there may be significant production of true muonium and true tauonium, despite the small probabilities. This paper addresses this possibility. We have calculated the pair production spectra of mu and tau leptons from photon-photon annihilation and electron-positron annihilation in astrophysical environments. We have computed the cross-sections for radiative recombination and direct annihilation of the pairs, and the decay constants for the various allowable decays, and the wavelengths and energies of the recombination and annihilation signatures. In this way we have calculated the probabilities for the formation of true muonium and true tauonium, and the branching ratios for the various observable signatures. We have estimated the expected fluxes from accretion discs around microquasars and active galactic nuclei, and from interactions of jets with clouds and stars. We find that accretion discs around stellar mass black holes in our own Galaxy should have observable signatures at X-ray and gamma-ray energies that are in principle observable with current observatories.
description: Accepted for publication in Physical Review D. 17 pages, 8 figures
Supplementary material from Lymphatic filariases and soil-transmitted helminthiases in Sri Lanka: the challenge of eliminating residual pockets of transmission
Creators: name: Chandrasena, Nilmini T. G. A.
name: Gunaratna, I. E.
name: Ediriweera, Dileepa
name: De Silva, N. R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health Care
Diseases
Epidemiology

description: Sri Lanka has successfully met the challenge of controlling both lymphatic filariasis (LF) and soil-transmitted helminthiases (STH) as public health problems. The primary public health strategy for combatting both conditions has been preventive chemotherapy. The national programme for the elimination of LF implemented five annual rounds of mass chemotherapy in the endemic districts from 2002 to 2006 using a combination of diethylcarbamazine and albendazole. The overall microfilaria rate declined from 0.21% in 2001 before the mass chemotherapy, to 0.06% in 2016, at declaration of elimination of LF as a public health problem by the World Health Organization. Currently Sri Lanka is in the phase of post-validation surveillance. Achieving control of STH has been more difficult. Mass deworming programmes have been implemented for nearly a century, and national-level surveys reported prevalence rates declining from 6.9% in 2003 to 1% in 2017. However, neither of these infections has been completely eliminated. A situation analysis indicates continued transmission of both among high-risk communities. This paper explores the reasons for persistence of transmission of both LF and STH in residual pockets and the measures that are required to achieve long-term control, or perhaps even interrupt transmission in Sri Lanka.This article is part of the theme issue ‘Challenges in the Fight Against Neglected Tropical Diseases’.
The Fourth World Approaches to International Law: A Cursory Glance
Creators: name: Hashimy, Sayed Qudrat
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2023
Subjects: Public international law
Conflict of laws (incl. private international law)
International and comparative law not elsewhere classified
International trade and investment law
International humanitarian and human rights law

description: The questions of Fourth Worlds are still not widely discussed in philosophical perspectives, even though a Third-World interpretation of international law is an established and thriving theme. The segmentation of the world community along economic, political, and ideological lines is referred to as the "Fourth World." It is an exegetical evolution of the "Three Worlds" theory. The study uses doctrinal research methods and literature from the "Third World" to spotlight the "Fourth World." under international law. This article aims to highlight the similarities and differences between third- and fourth-world people’s experiences and expectations under international law.
Supplementary Figure 1 from Lymphatic filariases and soil-transmitted helminthiases in Sri Lanka: the challenge of eliminating residual pockets of transmission
Creators: name: Chandrasena, Nilmini T. G. A.
name: Gunaratna, I. E.
name: Ediriweera, Dileepa
name: De Silva, N. R.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2023
Subjects: Health Care
Diseases
Epidemiology

description: Geographical distribution of microfilaria positive patients by species from 2019-2021.
Conductance response of graphene nanoribbons and quantum point contacts in the scanning probe measurements
Creators: name: Mreńca, Alina
name: Kolasiński, Krzysztof
name: Szafran, Bartłomiej
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We provide a theoretical study of the conductance response of systems based on graphene nanoribbon to the potential of a scanning probe. The study is based on the Landauer approach for the tight-binding Hamiltonian with an implementation of the quantum transmitting boundary method and covers homogenous nanoribbons, their asymmetric narrowing and quantum point contacts of various profiles. The response maps at low Fermi energies resolve formation of n-p junctions induced by the probe potential and a presence of zigzag-armchair segments of the edges for inhomogeneous ribbons. For an asymmetric narrowing of the nanoribbons the scanning probe resolves formation of standing waves related to backscattering within the highest subband of the narrower part of the system. The QPCs containing a long constriction support formation of localized resonances which induce a system of conductance peaks that is reentrant in the Fermi energy, with the form of the probability density that can be resolved by the conductance mapping. For shorter constrictions the probe induces smooth conductance minima within the constrictions. In general, besides the low-energy transport gap, in the wider parts of the ribbon the variation of the conductance of the system is low compared to the narrower part.
description: 14 pages, 20 figures
Sharing out the land of the Northumbrians: exploring place-names and township boundaries (part three)
Creators: name: Wrathmell, Stuart
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Settlement Research, 37, 4-21
description: The extent and character of Scandinavian settlement in the Danelaw have been debated for over half a century by place-name scholars, historians and archaeologists. This article, the final instalment in a series of three, draws out broad themes from the earlier papers - considering the role of the Church, and the chronology of settlement - and explores further case studies, focusing on the archiepiscopal soke estates of Helperby and Weaverthorpe, and on 'Kirby' place-names. As with the previous articles, the geographical scope is limited to parts of the former Deiran kingdom in southern Northumbria.
title: A study of the quadrupole mass spectrometer for operation in hostile environments.
Creators: name: M. Yang, J.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: The aim of the project described in this thesis was to develop an analytical measuring instrument for use as a residual gas analyser in industrial vacuum systems. The quadrupole mass spectrometer was chosen operating in a new and as yet not fully tested mode. In this novel mode, only a. c. voltages are applied to the rods and a special collection system using energy and spacial filtering is employed (so called the a. c. mode). This is in contrast to the normal mode, where a. c. and d. c. voltages are applied to the rods, and a simple plate or an electron multiplier collector is used. This thesis describes a series of experiments to investigate the properties of the quadrupole mass filter in the a. c. mode when operating in hostile environments. To carry out this investigation a small vacuum furnace was built and charged with workshop swarf and viton gaskets. The sensitivity of a 50 mm quadrupole mass filter operating in the a. c. mode was observed to fall by 40% after 100 hours of operation at 10-3 mbar in the above gases. However, the relative sensitivity over the mass range 10- 100 a. m. u. remained the same. In a separate set of experiments the relative sensitivity of an 85 mm quadrupole mass filter was examined in the a. c. mode. The ratio of singly to doubly charged ions for argon and krypton changed by 15% or less after 50 hours contamination. This is in complete contrast with that of the normal mode. In the normal mode instability caused by even minor comtamination was always observed. There is shown in the thesis to be a theoretical basis for this difference. It was verified that heating the source to 200°C and sweeping the ion energy to relatively high value for high mass successfully aided the development. In addition, the use of a Nier type source, high pressure limitation, and multi-peaks were also investigated. The Nier source was found to provide an improved ion beam, enabling good resolution to be achieved. The high pressure limit of a quadrupole mass filter in the a. c. mode was found to be 10-4 mbar. The multi-peaks were shown to be a fundamental phenomenon which could be avoided when operating with normal ion energy. The resolution of a quadrupole mass filter in the a. c. mode was found to be proportional to the power 2.3 of the number of cycles ions spent in quadrupole field.
War, peace and pollen: examining the landscape of later medieval Wales
Creators: name: Davies, Tudur
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Settlement Research, 37, 22-39
description: This review of pollen studies in Wales examines trends in environmental change spanning the later medieval period. Despite the excellent conditions for the preservation of pollen across Wales, relatively few studies have benefited from well-dated later medieval sequences with sampling intervals that can be used to explore chronological and geographical variations. Two distinct phases can be seen within the data spanning the periods AD 1050-1300 and 1300-1500. Fluctuations in woodland levels and farming indicators are observed up to the Edwardian conquest of north Wales around the turn of the fourteenth century, possibly reflecting the lack of stability in political structures and continued warfare across the country at this time. In the post-conquest period, widespread deforestation and increased farming indicators may be the consequence of a stabilising economy and increased exploitation of the Welsh landscape.
Fully-Binarized, Parallel, RRAM-based Computing Primitive for In-Memory Similarity Search
Creators: name: Kingra, Sandeep Kaur
name: Parmar, Vivek
name: Verma, Deepak
name: Bricalli, Alessandro
name: Piccolboni, Giuseppe
name: Molas, Gabriel
name: Regev, Amir
name: Suri, Manan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Emerging Technologies (cs.ET)
subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this work, we propose a fully-binarized XOR-based IMSS (In-Memory Similarity Search) using RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory) arrays. XOR (Exclusive OR) operation is realized using 2T-2R bitcells arranged along the column in an array. This enables simultaneous match operation across multiple stored data vectors by performing analog column-wise XOR operation and summation to compute HD (Hamming Distance). The proposed scheme is experimentally validated on fabricated RRAM arrays. Full-system validation is performed through SPICE simulations using open source Skywater 130 nm CMOS PDK demonstrating energy of 17 fJ per XOR operation using the proposed bitcell with a full-system power dissipation of 145 $μ$W. Using projected estimations at advanced nodes (28 nm) energy savings of $\approx$1.5$\times$ compared to the state-of-the-art can be observed for a fixed workload. Application-level validation is performed on HSI (Hyper-Spectral Image) pixel classification task using the Salinas dataset demonstrating an accuracy of 90%.
CRISPR-based large-scale modeling of loss-of-function mutations to investigate mechanisms of stress resistance in cancer
Creators: name: Simeoni, Fabrizio
name: Loukas, Ioannis
name: Wilson, Thomas Stuart
name: Scaffidi, Paola
Publisher: name: The Francis Crick Institute
Year: 2023
Subjects: Tumour Biology
Gene Expression
Genetics & Genomics
Human Biology & Physiology
Cell Cycle & Chromosomes
Stem Cells

description: Dissecting mechanisms driving subclone expansion in primary cancers has been challenging. Here, we present a protocol to systematically disrupt entire gene networks and assess the functional impact of this perturbation on cancer cell fitness. By combining arrayed CRISPR libraries and high-content microscopy, we describe steps to identify classes of genes whose inactivation promotes resistance to environmental challenges faced by cancer cells during tumor growth or upon therapy. A proof-of-principle interrogation of the epigenetic regulatory network is described. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Loukas et al. (2022).1
A family of stabilizer codes for $D({\mathbb Z}_2)$ anyons and Majorana modes
Creators: name: Wootton, James R.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study and generalize the class of qubit topological stabilizer codes that arise in the Abelian phase of the honeycomb lattice model. The resulting family of codes, which we call `matching codes' realize the same anyon model as the surface codes, and so may be similarly used in proposals for quantum computation. We show that these codes are particularly well suited to engineering twist defects that behave as Majorana modes. A proof of principle system that demonstrates the braiding properties of the Majoranas is discussed that requires only three qubits.
description: Published version
Polyadization of algebraic structures
Creators: name: Duplij, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Rings and Algebras (math.RA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 16T25, 17A42, 20B30, 20F36, 20M17, 20N15

description: A generalization of the semisimplicity concept for polyadic algebraic structures is proposed. If semisimple structures can be presented in block diagonal matrix form (resulting in the Wedderburn decomposition), a general form of polyadic structures is given by block-shift matrices. We combine these forms to get a general shape of semisimple nonderived polyadic structures ("double" decomposition of two kinds). We then introduce the polyadization concept (a "polyadic constructor") according to which one can construct a nonderived polyadic algebraic structure of any arity from a given binary structure. The polyadization of supersymmetric structures is also discussed. The "deformation" by shifts of operations on the direct power of binary structures is defined and used to obtain a nonderived polyadic multiplication. Illustrative concrete examples for the new constructions are given.
description: 21 pages, amslatex, bibliography updated, the second kind of the double decomposition (3.24) is added, Example 3.12 and Remark 3.13 are added
title: Developing consensus on core outcome domains and measurement instruments for assessing effectiveness in perioperative pain management after sternotomy, breast cancer surgery, total knee arthroplasty, and surgery related to endometriosis
title: The IMI-PainCare PROMPT protocol for achieving a consensus on core outcome domains
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Kaiser, Ulrike
name: Liedgens, Hiltrud
name: Meißner, Winfried
name: Weinmann, Claudia
name: Zahn, Peter
name: Pogatzki-Zahn, Esther M.
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Introduction: Evidence synthesis of clinical trials requires consistent outcome assessment. For pain management after surgery, inconsistency of effectiveness assessment is still observed. A subproject of IMI-PainCare (Innovative Medicine Initiatives, www.imi-paincare.eu) aims for identifying core outcome domains and measurement instruments for postoperative pain in four surgical fields (sternotomy, breast cancer surgery, total knee arthroplasty, and surgery related to endometriosis) in order to harmonize outcome assessment for perioperative pain management. Methods: A multifaceted process will be performed according to existing guidelines (Core Outcome Measures in Effectiveness Trials (COMET), COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN)). In a first step, outcome domains will be identified via systematic literature review and consented on during a 1-day consensus meeting by 10 stakeholder groups, including patient representatives, forming an IMI PROMPT consensus panel. In a second step, outcome measurement instruments regarding the beforehand consented core outcome domains and their psychometric properties will be searched for via systematic literature review and approved by COSMIN checklist for study quality and scale quality separately. In a three-step online survey, the IMI PROMPT consensus panel will vote for most suitable measurement instruments. The process is planned to be conducted between 11/2017 (systematic literature review on common outcome domains) and 3/2022 (final voting on core outcome measurement).
description: Finanziert über die DEAL-Vereinbarung mit Wiley 2019-2022.
The Internet of Things enabling communication technologies, applications and challenges: a survey
Creators: name: Tlili, Sihem
name: Mnasri, Sami
name: Val, Thierry
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Recently, the IoT has gained great importance, which results in the evolution of communication technologies to meet the needs of different IoT applications. In addition, several domains integrate the IoT technologies in several applications of our professional life and daily activities. However, the IoT still presents many challenges and issues. This article describes in details the emerging communication technologies used in the IoT networks and enumerates the common domains of their application. It also describes the main challenges of the IoT and its use in order to exploit its advantages at most.
An enclosed medieval farmstead at Great Ellingham, Norfolk
Creators: name: Boyle, Mick
name: Anderson, Sue
name: Green, Frances
name: White, Joshua
name: Fryer, Val
name: Dobson, David
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Settlement Research, 37, 40-50
description: An archaeological excavation in Great Ellingham, Norfolk, was carried out in advance of housing development in 2020. The most significant findings date from the medieval period, including a post-built timber structure, a metalled surface and waste pits, all within a ditched enclosure. Material culture in the vicinity of these features suggests settlement activity spanning the twelfth to fourteenth centuries on or near the site. These medieval remains are tentatively interpreted as forming part of an enclosed farmstead, perhaps associated with a nearby moated medieval manor identified from aerial photographs. As such, the site is a rare example of an enclosed farmstead excavated in Norfolk. After the fourteenth century, the site seems to have passed to agricultural land use, with ditches of post-medieval and modern date defining field boundaries.
The effect of endometriosis on sexual function as assessed with the Female Sexual Function Index: systematic review and meta-analysis
Creators: name: Pérez-López, Faustino R.
name: Lía Ornat
name: Pérez-Roncero, Gonzalo R.
name: López-Baena, María T.
name: Sánchez-Prieto, Manuel
name: Chedraui, Peter
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Cancer
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases

description: To systematically compare sexual function between non-treated women with and without endometriosis. A systematic review was performed on PubMed/Medline, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science and Cochrane Library databases searching studies that analyzed sexual function (assessed with the 19-item Female Sexual Function Index [FSFI]), and dyspareunia, chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea (assessed with a visual analogue scale [VAS]) in women with and with endometriosis. In 4 studies, non-treated women with endometriosis presented a higher risk of female sexual dysfunction (mean total FSFI score ≤ 26.55; OR = 2.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12, 5.04). Although mean total FSFI scores were not significantly different between women with and without endometriosis (mean difference [MD] = −2.15; 95% CI −4.96, 0.67); all FSFI domain scores were significantly lower in women with endometriosis (n = 4 studies): desire (MD = −0.43; 95% CI −0.57, −0.19); arousal (MD = −0.66; 95% CI −1.15, −0.17); lubrication (MD = −0.41; 95% CI −0.79, −0.02); orgasm (MD = −0.40; 95% CI −0.73, −0.06); satisfaction (MD = −0.45; 95% CI −0.72, −0.18); and pain (MD = −1.03; 95% CI −1.34, −0.72). Women with endometriosis displayed differences (more severity) in terms of VAS scores (2 studies) for dyspareunia (MD = 1.88; 95% CI 0.38, 3.37) and chronic pelvic pain (MD = 2.92; 95% CI 1.26, 4.58); but not for dysmenorrhea. Non-treated women with endometriosis displayed altered sexual function as evidenced by lower scores in all FSFI domains, and severity of dyspareunia and chronic pelvic pain.
When are radicals of Lie groups lattice-hereditary?
Creators: name: Geng, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 22E40

description: This note aims to clarify what conditions on a connected Lie group G imply that its maximal connected normal solvable subgroup R intersects each lattice of G as a lattice in R.
description: 13 pages; v2 adds referee's revisions (rewrite p. 4 footnote 2, update example 3.2 to be connected (to match source))
Inflow velocities of cold flows streaming into massive galaxies at high redshifts
Creators: name: Goerdt, Tobias
name: Ceverino, Daniel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the velocities of the accretion along streams from the cosmic web into massive galaxies at high redshift with the help of three different suites of AMR hydrodynamical cosmological simulations. The results are compared to free-fall velocities and to the sound speeds of the hot ambient medium. The sound speed of the hot ambient medium is calculated using two different methods to determine the medium's temperature. We find that the simulated cold stream velocities are in violent disagreement with the corresponding free-fall profiles. The sound speed is a better albeit not always correct description of the cold flows' velocity. Using these calculations as a first order approximation for the gas inflow velocities vinflow = 0.9 vvir is given. We conclude from the hydrodynamical simulations as our main result that the velocity profiles for the cold streams are constant with radius. These constant inflow velocities seem to have a "parabola-like" dependency on the host halo mass in units of the virial velocity that peaks at Mvir = 10^{12} Msun and we also propose that the best fit functional form for the dependency of the inflow velocity on the redshift is a square root power law relation: vinflow is proportional to sqrt(z + 1) vvir.
description: 14 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, final final version, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Hyperfine spin qubits in irradiated malonic acid: heat-bath algorithmic cooling
Creators: name: Park, Daniel K.
name: Feng, Guanru
name: Rahimi, Robabeh
name: Labruyere, Stephane
name: Shibata, Taiki
name: Nakazawa, Shigeaki
name: Sato, Kazunobu
name: Takui, Takeji
name: Laflamme, Raymond
name: Baugh, Jonathan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ability to perform quantum error correction is a significant hurdle for scalable quantum information processing. A key requirement for multiple-round quantum error correction is the ability to dynamically extract entropy from ancilla qubits. Heat-bath algorithmic cooling is a method that uses quantum logic operations to move entropy from one subsystem to another, and permits cooling of a spin qubit below the closed system (Shannon) bound. Gamma-irradiated, $^{13}$C-labeled malonic acid provides up to 5 spin qubits: 1 spin-half electron and 4 spin-half nuclei. The nuclei are strongly hyperfine coupled to the electron and can be controlled either by exploiting the anisotropic part of the hyperfine interaction or by using pulsed electron-nuclear double resonance (ENDOR) techniques. The electron connects the nuclei to a heat-bath with a much colder effective temperature determined by the electron's thermal spin polarization. By accurately determining the full spin Hamiltonian and performing realistic algorithmic simulations, we show that an experimental demonstration of heat-bath algorithmic cooling beyond the Shannon bound is feasible in both 3-qubit and 5-qubit variants of this spin system. Similar techniques could be useful for polarizing nuclei in molecular or crystalline systems that allow for non-equilibrium optical polarization of the electron spin.
description: 25 pages, 13 figures, published in Quantum Information Processing, Springer (2015)
Deep Reinforcement Learning Approach for Trading Automation in The Stock Market
Creators: name: Kabbani, Taylan
name: Duman, Ekrem
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Trading and Market Microstructure (q-fin.TR)
subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Deep Reinforcement Learning (DRL) algorithms can scale to previously intractable problems. The automation of profit generation in the stock market is possible using DRL, by combining the financial assets price "prediction" step and the "allocation" step of the portfolio in one unified process to produce fully autonomous systems capable of interacting with their environment to make optimal decisions through trial and error. This work represents a DRL model to generate profitable trades in the stock market, effectively overcoming the limitations of supervised learning approaches. We formulate the trading problem as a Partially Observed Markov Decision Process (POMDP) model, considering the constraints imposed by the stock market, such as liquidity and transaction costs. We then solve the formulated POMDP problem using the Twin Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient (TD3) algorithm reporting a 2.68 Sharpe Ratio on unseen data set (test data). From the point of view of stock market forecasting and the intelligent decision-making mechanism, this paper demonstrates the superiority of DRL in financial markets over other types of machine learning and proves its credibility and advantages of strategic decision-making.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, ICANN 2022: 16. International Conference on Artificial Neural Networks
title: Some applications of singularity theory to the geometry of curves and surfaces.
Creators: name: Tari, Farid.
Publisher: name: University of Liverpool Repository
Year: 2023

description: This thesis consists of two parts. The first part deals with the orthogonal projections of pairs of smooth surfaces and of triples of smooth surfaces onto planes. We take as a model of pairwise smooth surfaces the variety X= {(x, 0, z): x> 0} U {(0, y, z): y> 0} and classify germs of maps R3,3,0 -º R2,2,0 up to origin preserving diffeomorphisms in the source which preserve the variety X and any origin preserving diffeomorphisms in the target. This yields an action of a subgroup xA of the Mather group A on C3 2, the set of map-germs R3,0 -º R2,0. We list the orbits of low codimensions of such an action, and give a detailed description of the geometry of each orbit. We extend these results to triples of surfaces. In the second part of the thesis we analyse the shape of smooth embedded closed curves in the plane. A way of picking out the local reflexional symmetry of a given curve -y is to consider the centres of bitangent circles to the curve. ° The closure of the locus of these centres is called the Symmetry Set of y. We present an equivalent way of tracing the local reflexional symmetry of -r by considering the lines with respect to which a point on y and its tangent line are reflected to another point on the curve and to its tangent line. The locus of all these lines form the dual curve of the symmetry set of -y. We study the singularities occurring on duals of symmetry sets and their generic transitions in 1-parameter families of curves 7. A first attempt to define an analogous theory to study the local rotational symmetry in the plane is given. The Rotational Symmetry Set of a curve y is defined to be the locus of centres of rotations taking a point -y(ti) together with its tangent line and its centre of curvature, to y(t2) together with its tangent line and its centre of curvature. We study the properties of the rotational symmetry set and list the generic transitions of its singularities in 1-parameter families of curves ry. In the final chapter we investigate the local structure of the midpoint locus of generic smooth surfaces
Test pit excavation within currently occupied rural settlements in the Czech Republic, Netherlands, Poland and United Kingdom - Results of the CARE project 2021
Creators: name: Lewis, Carenza
name: VaYeka, Pavel
name: Van Londen, Heleen
name: Verspay, Johan
name: Marciniak, Arkadiusz
name: Kajda, Kornelia
name: KobiaBka, Dawid
Publisher: name: Archaeology Data Service
Year: 2023

description: Medieval Settlement Research, 37, 51-67
description: A summary of the CARE project in 2021, a European project of test pit excavations in currently occupied rural settlements spanning the Netherlands, the Czech Republic, Poland and the UK.