Pachyphymus cristulifer Serville 1838, n. sp.
Creators: name: Bazelet, Corinna S.
name: Naskrecki, Piotr
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2014
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Orthoptera
Baissogryllidae
Pachyphymus
Pachyphymus cristulifer

description: <i>Pachyphymus cristulifer</i> (Serville, 1838) Figs. 2, 5E–L, 6 E–I Serville 1838: 692 &gt;&gt; <i>Calliptamus cristulifer</i> Walker 1870: 690 &gt;&gt; <i>Caloptenus cristulifer</i> Martinez 1902: 261, 272 &gt;&gt; <i>Euryphymus cristulifer</i> Kirby 1910: 264 &gt;&gt; <i>Acrotylus cristulifer</i> Uvarov 1922: 173 &gt;&gt; <i>Pachyphymus cristulifer</i> Dirsh 1956: 132–136 &gt;&gt; <i>Pachyphymus cristulifer</i> Dirsh 1965: 258 &gt;&gt; <i>Pachyphymus cristulifer</i> <b>Diagnostic redescription</b> (male, except where specified). <i>Wings.</i> Tegmen surpassing end of abdomen and hind knee but not excessively so. Hind wing infumation dark brown or black, covering 50–70 % of wing, excluding wing interior but including apex; hind wing interior bright pink (Figs. 6 H–I). This species is most similar to <i>P. namaquensis</i> <b>n. sp.</b> but can be distinguished on the basis of the lower degree of hind wing infumation in the majority of specimens (compare Fig. 6 I vs. 6 A), and the pointier male cercus (Fig. 5 H vs. 5 N). <i>Abdomen.</i> Supraanal plate transverse, with a longitudinal concavity in the middle, lateral margins upcurved; posterior margin of supraanal plate with two lateral and one large median projection; supraanal plate with pair of large, strongly sclerotized tubercles in center of basal half (Figs. 2 J–L). Apex of cercus elongate, terminating in point ranging from very sharp to blunted, descends and curves downwards into transverse curved ridge (Figs. 5 E– L). <i>Phallic complex.</i> Epiphallus with short ancorae and broad, lobiform apically blunt lophi (Fig. 2 M). <i>Female.</i> Subgenital plate trilobate, with deep grooves separating lobes, large, pointed median lobe (Figs. 2 G– I). <b>Measurements.</b> (&amp;male; n= 9, &amp;female; n= 17)—body: &amp;male; 15.8 –22.0, &amp;female; 21.3–25.7; pronotum: &amp;male; 2.5–4.2, &amp;female; 3.3–5.2; tegmen: &amp;male; 11.3–16.3, &amp;female; 15.3–19.7; femur: &amp;male; 7.7 –10.0, &amp;female; 9.7–12.5 mm. <b>Material examined.</b> South Africa: Eastern Cape: 13 mi N Miller Station (- 33.0667, 23.9167) 12.ii. 1958 — 3 &amp;female;, 2 &amp;male; (SANC); 20 mi N Miller Station (- 33.0667, 23.9167) 13.xii. 1961 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); 4 mi NW Miller Station (- 33.0667, 23.9167) 13.xii. 1961 — 2 &amp;female; (SANC); 15 mi SW Graaf-Reinet (- 32.2501, 24.5354) 14.xii. 1961 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); 7 mi S Graaf-Reinet (- 32.2501, 24.5354) 12.xii. 1960 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); 18 mi E Touws River to Hondewater (- 33.3378, 20.0336) xii. 1962 coll. SAM museum expedition— 2 &amp;female;, 5 &amp;male; (SAMC); 20 mi S Aberdeen (- 32.4761, 24.0627) 16.xii. 1961 — 2 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SANC); 35 mi SW Aberdeen (- 32.4761, 24.0627) 13.xii. 1961 — 1 &amp;male; (SANC); 9 mi W Klipplaat (-33.0200, 24.3408) 22.ii. 1958 — 5 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SANC); Steytlerville (- 33.3273, 24.3447) 21.ii. 1958 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); Willowmore (- 33.2916, 23.4904) 15.xi. 1961 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); Northern Cape: Bushmanland, “Lietjies Bos” xi. 1935 — 1 &amp;female; (SAMC); Middeldrift, 50 km S Calvinia (- 31.4753, 19.7722) 1.iii. 1969 — 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Wallekraal, Namaqualand (- 30.3667, 17.5167)— 1 &amp;female; (SAMC); Western Cape: 26 mi NE Uniondale (- 33.6587, 23.1231) 14.ii. 1958 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); 8 mi NE Touws River (- 33.3378, 20.0336) xii. 1962 coll. SAM museum expedition— 3 &amp;female; (SAMC); Waterford (- 33.0791, 25.0089) 21.x. 1961 — 1 &amp;female; (SANC); Richmond (- 33.7272, 26.5733) iii. 1931 coll. SAM museum expedition— 1 &amp;female; (SANC); Karoo, Klaarstroom, Prince Albert (- 33.3306, 22.5344) x. 1952 coll. SAM museum expedition— 2 &amp;female; (SAMC); Oudtshoorn “Zebra” (- 33.4091, 22.5571) x. 1951 coll. SAM museum expedition— 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Karoo, 3 mi SW Seekoegat (-33.0500, 22.5000) 12.xii. 1961 coll. H.D. Brown, W. Furst, F. Pick— 4 &amp;female;, 2 &amp;male; (SANC); 8 mi N Beaufort West (- 32.3512, 22.5824) 5.xii. 1961 — 1 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SANC); Bulhoek Klaver, Clanwilliam (- 32.0976, 19.0219)— 1 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Clanwilliam (- 32.0976, 19.0219)— 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Leipoldtville (- 32.2233, 18.4856) coll. SAM museum expedition— 4 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Leipoldtville, Eland’s Bay (- 32.2233, 18.4856) coll. SAM museum expedition— 1 &amp;female;, 4 &amp;male; (SAMC); Olifants River btw. Citrusdal and Clanwilliam (- 32.0976, 19.0219) coll. SAM museum expedition— 1 &amp;female;, 1 &amp;male; (SAMC); Paleisheuwel (- 32.4667, 18.7167) coll. SAM museum expedition— 3 &amp;female;, 2 &amp;male; (SAMC); Uitpanskraal, 42 km NW Wuppertal (- 32.2387, 19.1942) coll. SAM museum expedition— 1 &amp;male; (SAMC). <b>Remarks.</b> Specimens from Touwsrivier were distinct morphologically from the rest of the species. They were smaller (Fig. 9 E–F) had slightly different male cerci (Figs. 5 G–H), variable female subgenital plate (Fig. 2 H), male supraanal plate (Fig. 2 K), and a slightly greater degree of infumation on the hind wing with a distinct border between the infumated and colorful areas of the wing (Fig. 6 H). There was a distinct series of specimens from the region to the west of the Cederberg mountain range, from Leipoldtville, Eland’s Bay and Paleisheuwel to Wuppertal in the East (see GPS coordinates above). This group of specimens was the only one to exhibit variation in wing pattern and color. Wings varied from lightly to heavily infumated, with interior regions ranging from translucent to orange-pink to bright pink (Figs. 6 E–G). The geographic location of this group of organisms is relatively isolated by the Cederberg mountain range, and <i>P. namaquensis</i> is geographically more accessible than the majority of <i>P. cristulifer</i>. Wing color and infumation polymorphism is common in several species of Oedipodinae, particularly in association with soil coloration, presumably as a means of camouflage. While the same has not yet been shown for the Euryphyminae, it is possibly similar, and, therefore, wing pattern and coloration should only be used as a diagnostic character in association with other characters, particularly sexually selected ones. While there is slight variation in the other features of this population of <i>P. cristulifer</i> (Figs. 2 E–F, 2 I, 2 L, 5 I –J) the variation falls within the threshold of normal intraspecific variation.
description: Published as part of <i>Bazelet, Corinna S. &amp; Naskrecki, Piotr, 2014, Taxonomic revision of the southern African genus Pachyphymus Uvarov, 1922 (Orthoptera: Acridoidea: Euryphyminae), pp. 401-420 in Zootaxa 5</i> on pages 406-408, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3753.5.1, http://zenodo.org/record/226974
description: {"references": ["Uvarov, B. P. (1922) Notes on the Orthoptera in the British Museum. 2. The group of Calliptamini. Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society, 48, 117 - 177. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1922. tb 02828. x", "Dirsh, V. M. (1956) The South African genera Pachyphymus Uvarov, Xenotettix Uvarov and Duplessisia gen. n. (Orthoptera, Acridoidea). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa, 19, 132 - 142."]}