cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Pulse-code modulation.
Creators: name: Dunne, Graham Vincent
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: This thesis describes work done on the Electrical Engineering Department of the University of Tasmania from April 1959 until March 1960 under the supervision of Professor G.H. Newstead. At that time the Department was concerned with providing equipment for telemetry of very low frequency seismic data from remote stations in Tasmania. In support of a proposal that PCM transmission be used due to its claimed high noise-immunity, a theoretical investigation of the characteristics of PCM was carried out, and simple transistorized equipment was developed for this application: a coder and decoder for the data, and regeneration and synchronization equipment for the transmission link. Other equipment concerned with the instrumentation of geological work was designed and built for the Department during this period. It included a portable unit for measuring borehole temperatures, standard time-signal equipment for the laboratory and high-current regulated paver supplies for transistorised equipment. When this work was undertaken the use of transistors was very restricted and little experience had been gained in the Department in their application. Consequently, this thesis reports some of the early transistor circuit development in the University of Tasmania.
A New Look at Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. Part III: Polar Vortex Evolution and Vertical Structure
Creators: name: Matthewman, N. J.
name: Esler, J. G.
name: Charlton-Perez, A. J.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology
Atmosphere, Upper

description: The evolution of the Arctic polar vortex during observed major midwinter stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs) is investigated for the period 1957–2002, using 40-yr European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts (ECMWF) Re-Analysis (ERA-40) Ertel’s potential vorticity (PV) and temperature fields. Time-lag composites of vertically weighted PV, calculated relative to the SSW onset time, are derived for both vortex-displacement SSWs and vortex-splitting SSWs, by averaging over the 15 recorded displacement and 13 splitting events. The evolving vertical structure of the polar vortex during a typical SSW of each type is clearly illustrated by plotting an isosurface of the composite PV field, and is shown to be very close to that observed during representative individual events. Results are verified by comparison with an elliptical diagnostic vortex moment technique. For both types of SSW, little variation is found between individual events in the orientation of the developing vortex relative to the underlying topography; that is, the location of the vortex during SSWs of each type is largely fixed in relation to the earth’s surface. During each type of SSW, the vortex is found to have a distinctive vertical structure. Vortex-splitting events are typically barotropic, with the vortex split occurring near simultaneously over a large altitude range (20–40 km). In the majority of cases, of the two daughter vortices formed, it is the “Siberian” vortex that dominates over its “Canadian” counterpart. In contrast, displacement events are characterized by a very clear baroclinic structure; the vortex tilts significantly westward with height, so that the top and bottom of the vortex are separated by nearly 180° longitude before the upper vortex is sheared away and destroyed.
How far would you go for one Canada?
Creators: name: Courtemanche, Joseph Andre
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2012

description: This paper covers two related sections. The first deals with foreign investments in Canada and analyses the cost and benefits of such investments. The conclusion of this section states, that even if the cost might be hidden, the benefits are great and Canada should not refuse foreign investments merely for nationalistic pride but should welcome them and establish laws to make certain that these investments (mainly Americans) will produce benefits for Canadians in general. The second section covers foreign Investments in Quebec, and the development of Quebec since 1963 to 1969 (the period called the " quiet revolution"). It also analyses the labor situation, the labor unions attitude toward establishing a plan for the economy in order that Quebecois might regain control of their economy and create new jobs for the young generation, I then discuss the possibility of integrating the planning of the economy of Quebec in one overall Canadian economy. I suggest that Canada should be flexible in establishing a plan for the Canadian economy since not all regions have the same aspirations. I conclude by saying that Quebec might stay in the Canadian Confederation if this planning if flexible and if French can become effectively the working language in Quebec, if this cannot be achieved in very short period of time, separation is inevitable. I would like to express my sincere appreciation to Professor Bernard Schwab, Faculty of Commerce, University of British Columbia, for having accepted the direction of my thesis work. I also would like to thank my two friends, Robert McDonald; and William Young, for their patient correcting of my composition and grammatical errors. Futhermore my appreciation extends to Professor Claude Pichette, Head of the Economic Department, Universite de Sherbrooke, for his fruitful suggestions and to the Parti Quebecois for allowing me to use their economic library. Any mistakes appearing in this paper are mine, and mine alone,
Unveiling the Sugary Secrets of Plasmodium Parasites
Creators: name: Goerdeler, Felix
name: Seeberger, Peter H.
name: Moscovitz, Oren
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Plasmodium
subject: glycans
subject: glycobiology
subject: glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)
subject: O-glycans
subject: N-glycans
subject: malaria
subject: glycocalyx
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::540 Chemie::540 Chemie und zugeordnete Wissenschaften

description: Plasmodium parasites cause malaria disease, one of the leading global health burdens for humanity, infecting hundreds of millions of people each year. Different glycans on the parasite and the host cell surface play significant roles in both malaria pathogenesis and host defense mechanisms. So far, only small, truncated N- and O-glycans have been identified in Plasmodium species. In contrast, complex glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycolipids are highly abundant on the parasite’s cell membrane and are essential for its survival. Moreover, the parasites express lectins that bind and exploit the host cell surface glycans for different aspects of the parasite life cycle, such as adherence, invasion, and evasion of the host immune system. In parallel, the host cell glycocalyx and lectin expression serve as the first line of defense against Plasmodium parasites and directly dictate susceptibility to Plasmodium infection. This review provides an overview of the glycobiology involved in Plasmodium-host interactions and its contribution to malaria pathogenesis. Recent findings are presented and evaluated in the context of potential therapeutic exploitation.
title: Individual differences in early instructed language learning
title: The role of language aptitude, cognition, and motivation
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: (:Unkn) Unknown
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: language aptitude
subject: cognition
subject: motivation
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: Variability in predispositions for language learning has attracted scholarly curiosity for over 100 years. Despite major changes in theoretical explanations and foreign/second language teaching paradigms, some patterns of associations between predispositions and learning outcomes seem timelessly robust. This book discusses evidence from a research project investigating individual differences in a wide variety of domains, ranging from language aptitude over general cognitive abilities to motivational and other affective and social constructs. The focus lies on young learners aged 10 to 12, a less frequently investigated age in aptitude research. The data stem from two samples of multilingual learners in German-speaking Switzerland. The target languages are French and English. The chapters of the book offer two complementary perspectives on the topic: On the one hand, cross-sectional investigations of the underlying structure of these individual differences and their association with the target languages are discussed. Drawing on factor analytical and multivariable analyses, the different components are scrutinized with respect to their mutual dependence and their relative impact on target language skills. The analyses also take into account contextual factors such as the learners’ family background and differences across the two contexts investigated. On the other hand, the potential to predict learner’s skills in the target language over time based on the many different indicators is investigated using machine learning algorithms. The results provide new insights into the stability of the individual dispositions, on the impact of contextual variables, and on empirically robust dimensions within the array of variables tested.
Effect of Parallel Transport Currents on the D-wave Josephson junction
Creators: name: Rashedi, Gholamreza
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper, the nonlocal mixing of coherent current states in d-wave superconducting banks is investigated. The superconducting banks are connected via a ballistic point contact. The banks have a mis-orientation and a phase difference. Furthermore, they are subjected to a tangential transport current along the $ab$-plane of d-wave crystals and parallel with interface between superconductors. The effects of mis-orientation and external transport current on the current-phase relations and current distributions are subjects of this paper. It observed that, at values of phase difference close to 0, $π$ and $2π$ the current distribution may have a vortex-like form in vicinity of the point contact. The current distribution of this junction between d-wave superconductors is totally different from the junction between s-wave superconductors. As the interesting results, spontaneous and Josephson currents are observed for the case of $ϕ=0$.
description: 7 pages, 9 figures
A sample of GHz-peaked spectrum sources selected at RATAN-600: spectral and variability properties
Creators: name: Sokolovsky, K. V.
name: Kovalev, Y. Y.
name: Kovalev, Yu. A.
name: Nizhelskiy, N. A.
name: Zhekanis, G. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We describe a new sample of 226 GPS (GHz-Peaked Spectrum) source candidates selected using simultaneous 1-22 GHz multi-frequency observations with the RATAN-600 radio telescope. Sixty objects in our sample are identified as GPS source candidates for the first time. The candidates were selected on the basis of their broad-band radio spectra only. We discuss the spectral and variability properties of selected objects of different optical classes.
description: 4 pages, 5 figures, accepted to Astronomische Nachrichten
The Effect of Topography on Storm-Track Intensity in a Relatively Simple General Circulation Model
Creators: name: Son, Seok-Woo
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
name: Ting, Mingfang
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Meteorology
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The effect of topography on storm-track intensity is examined with a set of primitive equation model integrations. This effect is found to be crucially dependent on the latitudinal structure of the background flow impinging on the topography. If the background flow consists of a weak double jet, higher topography leads to an intensification of the storm track downstream of the topography, consistent with enhanced baroclinicity in that region. However, if the background flow consists of a strong single jet, topography weakens the storm track, despite the fact that the baroclinicity downstream of the topography is again enhanced. The different topographic impact results from the different wave packets in the two background flows. For a weak double-jet state, wave packets tend to radiate equatorward and storm-track eddies grow primarily at the expense of local baroclinicity. In contrast, for a strong single-jet state, wave packets persistently propagate in the zonal direction and storm tracks are affected not only by local baroclinicity but also by far-upstream disturbances via downstream development. It is the reduction of the latter by the topography that leads to weaker storm tracks in a strong single-jet state. The implications of these findings for Northern Hemisphere storm tracks are also discussed.
Finding the most variable stars in the Orion Belt with the All Sky Automated Survey
Creators: name: Caballero, Jose A.
name: Cornide, M.
name: de Castro, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We look for high-amplitude variable young stars in the open clusters and associations of the Orion Belt. We use public data from the ASAS-3 Photometric V-band Catalogue of the All Sky Automated Survey, infrared photometry from the 2MASS and IRAS catalogues, proper motions, and the Aladin sky atlas to obtain a list of the most variable stars in a survey area of side 5 deg centred on the bright star Alnilam (eps Ori) in the centre of the Orion Belt. We identify 32 highly-variable stars, of which 16 had not been reported to vary before. They are mostly variable young stars and candidates (16) and background giants (8), but there are also field cataclysmic variables, contact binaries, and eclipsing binary candidates. Of the young stars, which typically are active Herbig Ae/Be and T Tauri stars with Halpha emission and infrared flux excess, we discover four new variables and confirm the variability status of another two. Some of them belong to the well known sigma Orionis cluster. Besides, six of the eight giants are new variables, and three are new periodic variables.
description: Astronomische Nachrichten, in press
Quantification and demonstration of the collective constriction-by-ratchet mechanism in the dynamin molecular motor
Creators: name: Ganichkin, Oleg M.
name: Vancraenenbroeck, Renee
name: Rosenblum, Gabriel
name: Hofmann, Hagen
name: Mikhailov, Alexander S.
name: Daumke, Oliver
name: Noel, Jeffrey K.
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: endocytosis
subject: biomembranes
subject: elastic filament
subject: Canham–Helfrich
subject: torque
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Dynamin oligomerizes into helical filaments on tubular membrane templates and, through constriction, cleaves them in a GTPase-driven way. Structural observations of GTP-dependent cross-bridges between neighboring filament turns have led to the suggestion that dynamin operates as a molecular ratchet motor. However, the proof of such mechanism remains absent. Particularly, it is not known whether a powerful enough stroke is produced and how the motor modules would cooperate in the constriction process. Here, we characterized the dynamin motor modules by single-molecule Förster resonance energy transfer (smFRET) and found strong nucleotide-dependent conformational preferences. Integrating smFRET with molecular dynamics simulations allowed us to estimate the forces generated in a power stroke. Subsequently, the quantitative force data and the measured kinetics of the GTPase cycle were incorporated into a model including both a dynamin filament, with explicit motor cross-bridges, and a realistic deformable membrane template. In our simulations, collective constriction of the membrane by dynamin motor modules, based on the ratchet mechanism, is directly reproduced and analyzed. Functional parallels between the dynamin system and actomyosin in the muscle are seen. Through concerted action of the motors, tight membrane constriction to the hemifission radius can be reached. Our experimental and computational study provides an example of how collective motor action in megadalton molecular assemblies can be approached and explicitly resolved.
How significant is a family history of primary open angle glaucoma? : experience from the Glaucoma Inheritance Study in Tasmania
Creators: name: Green, CM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: AIM: To determine the prevalence of a familial glaucoma amongst glaucoma sufferers in Tasmania. METHODS: With the cooperation of ophthalmologists, optometrists and pharmacists in Tasmania, patients diagnosed with glaucoma and their family members were identified and invited to participate in the study. All patients gave informed consent and a detailed questionnaire was administered. Family history of POAG was noted and pedigrees constructed with the help of a research genealogist. Each participant underwent a detailed examination, including visual acuity, TOP, gonioscopy, disc assessment and visual field testing. A score (termed the GIST score) was given to each patient which denotes the probability of the diagnosis of POAG being present. Subjects were classified as normal, suspect or POAG. Age-matched, unaffected participants in the Twins Eye Study in Tasmania were used as a control group. RESULTS: A total of 1702 POAG patients were identified. 1014 patients belonged to families in which other members were affected (familial glaucoma). 688 patients did not have a known family history of POAG (sporadic glaucoma). The size of the family groups varied from 2 to 29 affected individuals. The patients in the familial group had higher GIST scores than those in the sporadic group. Only 24% of the participants in the control group had a family history of glaucoma. CONCLUSIONS: 59.6% of POAG in Tasmania is familial. This percentage is higher than most previous reports of familial glaucoma and emphasises the importance of genetics in POAG. Patients with familial glaucoma had higher GIST scores, which may reflect an earlier onset and/or higher severity of glaucoma in the familial group. This has important implications for glaucoma screening and for further research in glaucoma genetics.
Separation of presynaptic Cav2 and Cav1 channel function in synaptic vesicle exo- and endocytosis by the membrane anchored Ca2+ pump PMCA
Creators: name: Krick, Niklas
name: Ryglewski, Stefanie
name: Pichler, Aylin
name: Bikbaev, Arthur
name: Götz, Torsten
name: Kobler, Oliver
name: Heine, Martin
name: Thomas, Ulrich
name: Duch, Carsten
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: synapse
subject: Drosophila
subject: Dmca1D
subject: cacophony
subject: PMCA
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie::570 Biowissenschaften; Biologie

description: Synaptic vesicle (SV) release, recycling, and plastic changes of release probability co-occur side by side within nerve terminals and rely on local Ca2+ signals with different temporal and spatial profiles. The mechanisms that guarantee separate regulation of these vital presynaptic functions during action potential (AP)–triggered presynaptic Ca2+ entry remain unclear. Combining Drosophila genetics with electrophysiology and imaging reveals the localization of two different voltage-gated calcium channels at the presynaptic terminals of glutamatergic neuromuscular synapses (the Drosophila Cav2 homolog, Dmca1A or cacophony, and the Cav1 homolog, Dmca1D) but with spatial and functional separation. Cav2 within active zones is required for AP-triggered neurotransmitter release. By contrast, Cav1 localizes predominantly around active zones and contributes substantially to AP-evoked Ca2+ influx but has a small impact on release. Instead, L-type calcium currents through Cav1 fine-tune short-term plasticity and facilitate SV recycling. Separate control of SV exo- and endocytosis by AP-triggered presynaptic Ca2+ influx through different channels demands efficient measures to protect the neurotransmitter release machinery against Cav1-mediated Ca2+ influx. We show that the plasma membrane Ca2+ ATPase (PMCA) resides in between active zones and isolates Cav2-triggered release from Cav1-mediated dynamic regulation of recycling and short-term plasticity, two processes which Cav2 may also contribute to. As L-type Cav1 channels also localize next to PQ-type Cav2 channels within axon terminals of some central mammalian synapses, we propose that Cav2, Cav1, and PMCA act as a conserved functional triad that enables separate control of SV release and recycling rates in presynaptic terminals.
Double Tropopause Formation in Idealized Baroclinic Life Cycles: The Key Role of an Initial Tropopause Inversion Layer
Creators: name: Wang, Shuguang
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2011
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology
Atmosphere, Upper

description: Recent studies have shown that double tropopauses exist in all seasons, and at all longitudes, in the midlatitudes. As of yet, the key mechanism responsible for their formation is not known. In this study, we explore the connection between double tropopauses and midlatitude baroclinic eddies. This is investigated in the context of idealized life cycle experiments. The key finding of this study is that large areas of double tropopauses form spontaneously at the nonlinear stage of the life cycle evolution, provided an extratropical tropopause inversion layer is present in the balanced initial temperature profile. We also show that the areas covered with double tropopauses grow as the strength of the initial tropopause inversion layer is increased. Without such a layer, as in canonical examples of baroclinic life cycles much studied in the literature, no double tropopause formation occurs. In agreement with observations, double tropopauses in our life cycle experiments form predominantly in areas of cyclonic flow at upper levels. However, the air masses that end up between the two tropopauses are found to originate from high latitudes. This appears to differ from a recently published case study, where the air between double tropopauses was shown to originate partly from low latitudes. Such a discrepancy suggests that more than one pathway may exist to advect air masses between the two tropopauses.
How to Target Spinal Metastasis in Experimental Research: An Overview of Currently Used Experimental Mouse Models and Future Prospects
Creators: name: Jelgersma, Claudius
name: Vajkoczy, Peter
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: spinal metastasis
subject: in vivo
subject: mouse
subject: bone
subject: multistep cascade
subject: premetastatic niche
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The spine is one of the organs that is most affected by metastasis in cancer patients. Since the control of primary tumor is continuously improving, treatment of metastases is becoming one of the major challenges to prevent cancer-related death. Due to the anatomical proximity to the spinal cord, local spread of metastasis can directly cause neurological deficits, severely limiting the patient's quality of life. To investigate the underlying mechanisms and to develop new therapies, preclinical models are required which represent the complexity of the multistep cascade of metastasis. Current research of metastasis focuses on the formation of the premetastatic niche, tumor cell dormancy and the influence and regulating function of the immune system. To unveil whether these influence the organotropism to the spine, spinal models are irreplaceable. Mouse models are one of the most suitable models in oncologic research. Therefore, this review provides an overview of currently used mouse models of spinal metastasis. Furthermore, it discusses technical aspects clarifying to what extend these models can picture key steps of the metastatic process. Finally, it addresses proposals to develop better mouse models in the future and could serve as both basis and stimulus for researchers and clinicians working in this field.
Fluctuation-Dissipation relation in sub-diffusive systems: the case of granular single-file
Creators: name: Villamaina, D.
name: Puglisi, A.
name: Vulpiani, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study a gas of hard rods on a ring, driven by an external thermostat, with either elastic or inelastic collisions, which exhibits sub-diffusive behavior $ \sim t^{1/2}$. We show the validity of the usual Fluctuation-Dissipation (FD) relation, i.e. the proportionality between the response function and the correlation function, when the gas is elastic or diluted. On the contrary, in strongly inelastic or dense cases, when the tracer velocity is no more independent of the other degrees of freedom, the Einstein formula fails and must be replaced by a more general FD relation.
description: 9 pages, 3 figures
Antarctic Climate Response to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion in a Fine Resolution Ocean Climate Model
Creators: name: Bitz, C. M.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology
Climatic changes

description: We investigate the impact of stratospheric ozone depletion on Antarctic climate, paying particular attention to the question of whether eddy parameterizations in the ocean fundamentally alter the results. This is accomplished by contrasting two versions of the Community Climate System Model (version 3.5), one at 0.1° ocean and sea ice resolution and the other at 1° with parameterized ocean eddies. At both resolutions, pairs of integrations are performed: one with high (1960) and one with low (2000) ozone levels. We find that the effect of ozone depletion is to warm the surface and the ocean to a depth of 1000 m and to significantly reduce the sea ice extent. While the ocean warming is somewhat weaker when the eddies are resolved, the total loss of sea ice area is roughly the same in the fine and coarse resolution cases.
Survey of Pathogen-Lowering and Immuno-Modulatory Effects Upon Treatment of Campylobacter coli-Infected Secondary Abiotic IL-10−/− Mice with the Probiotic Formulation Aviguard®
Creators: name: Weschka, Dennis
name: Mousavi, Soraya
name: Biesemeier, Nina
name: Bereswill, Stefan
name: Heimesaat, Markus M.
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: competitive exclusion product
subject: Aviguard®
subject: enteropathogenic infection
subject: Campylobacter coli
subject: immune-modulatory effects
subject: secondary abiotic IL-10(-/-) mice
subject: campylobacteriosis model
subject: host-pathogen-interaction
subject: probiotic formulations
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: The prevalence of infections with the zoonotic enteritis pathogen Campylobacter coli is increasing. Probiotic formulations constitute promising antibiotic-independent approaches to reduce intestinal pathogen loads and modulate pathogen-induced immune responses in the infected human host, resulting in acute campylobacteriosis and post-infectious sequelae. Here, we address potential antipathogenic and immuno-modulatory effects of the commercial product Aviguard® during experimental campylobacteriosis. Secondary abiotic IL-10-/- mice were infected with a C. coli patient isolate on days 0 and 1, followed by oral Aviguard® treatment on days 2, 3 and 4. Until day 6 post-infection, Aviguard® treatment could lower the pathogen burdens within the proximal but not the distal intestinal tract. In contrast, the probiotic bacteria had sufficiently established in the intestines with lower fecal loads of obligate anaerobic species in C. coli-infected as compared to uninfected mice following Aviguard® treatment. Aviguard® application did not result in alleviated clinical signs, histopathological or apoptotic changes in the colon of infected IL-10-/- mice, whereas, however, Aviguard® treatment could dampen pathogen-induced innate and adaptive immune responses in the colon, accompanied by less distinct intestinal proinflammatory cytokine secretion. In conclusion, Aviguard® constitutes a promising probiotic compound to alleviate enteropathogen-induced proinflammatory immune responses during human campylobacteriosis.
NaAlSi: a self-doped semimetallic superconductor with free electrons and covalent holes
Creators: name: Rhee, H. B.
name: Banerjee, S.
name: Ylvisaker, E. R.
name: Pickett, W. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The layered ternary sp conductor NaAlSi, possessing the iron-pnictide "111" crystal structure, superconducts at 7 K. Using density functional methods, we show that this compound is an intrinsic (self-doped) low-carrier-density semimetal with a number of unusual features. Covalent Al-Si valence bands provide the holes, and free-electron-like Al 3s bands, which propagate in the channel between the neighboring Si layers, dip just below the Fermi level to create the electron carriers. The Fermi level (and therefore the superconducting carriers) lies in a narrow and sharp peak within a pseudogap in the density of states. The small peak arises from valence bands which are nearly of pure Si, quasi-two-dimensional, flat, and coupled to Al conduction bands. Isostructural NaAlGe, which is not superconducting above 1.6 K, has almost exactly the same band structure except for one missing piece of small Fermi surface. Certain deformation potentials induced by Si and Na displacements along the c-axis are calculated and discussed. It seems likely that the mechanism of pairing is related to that of several other lightly doped two-dimensional nonmagnetic semiconductors (TiNCl, ZrNCl, HfNCl), which is not well understood but apparently not of phonon origin.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, 1 table
M. Gorki's and I. Bunin's view of the Russian intellectual in the "The Life of Klim Samgin" and "The Life of Arsenev."
Creators: name: Szackovics, Paul
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2011

description: In my thesis I will discuss two main literary works which reveal the development of the Russian intellectual: "The Life of Klim Samgin," by M. Gorki, and "The Life of Arsenev," by I. Bunin. My aim is to provide an analysis of the main characters in each work, and to criticize the artistic devices used by the authors. I will briefly mention several other well known Russian authors who were writing at the end of the nineteenth century and at the beginning of the twentieth, in order to place the main works under discussion in their historical context. In chapter one, some aspects of the development of the Russian intelligentsia in literature will be discussed, by presenting a brief survey of topically selected works of A. Chekhov, V. Korolenko, and V. Veresaev. The second chapter will be devoted to the analysis of "The Life of Klim Samgin." The third chapter will present a detailed analysis of "The Life of Arsenev." The fourth chapter will offer a comparative study of the artistic devices utilized in the two works. In conclusion, I will show the literary fate of both works. In one case it led to the proclamation of Gorki as the "Father of Socialist Realism," in the other it established the artistic value of Bunin in world literature.
Halo streams in the 7th SDSS data release
Creators: name: Klement, R.
name: Rix, H. -W.
name: Flynn, C.
name: Fuchs, B.
name: Beers, T. C.
name: Prieto, C. Allende
name: Bizyaev, D.
name: Brewington, H.
name: Lee, Y. S.
name: Malanushenko, E.
name: Malanushenko, V.
name: Oravetz, D.
name: Pan, K.
name: Fiorentin, P. Re
name: Simmons, A.
name: Snedden, S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have detected stellar halo streams in the solar neighborhood using data from the 7th public data release of the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), which includes the directed stellar program SEGUE: Sloan Extension For Galactic Understanding and Exploration. In order to derive distances to each star, we used the metallicity-dependent photometric parallax relation from Ivezic et al. (2008) for which we examine and quantify the accuracy. Our final sample consists of 22,321 nearby (d < 2 kpc), metal-poor ([Fe/H] < -0.5) main-sequence stars with 6D estimates of position and space velocity. We characterize the orbits of these stars through suitable kinematic proxies for their "effective" integrals of motion, angular momentum, eccentricity, and orbital polar angle and compare the observed distribution to expectations from a smooth distribution in four [Fe/H] bins. On this basis we identify at least five significant "phase-space overdensities" of stars on very similar orbits in the solar neighborhood to which we can assign unambiguously peaked [Fe/H] distributions. Three of them have been identified previously, including the halo stream discovered by Helmi et al. (1999) at a significance level of 12.0. In addition, we find at least two new genuine halo streams, judged by their kinematics and [Fe/H], at significance levels of 2.9 and 4.8, respectively. For one stream the stars even show coherence in configuration space, matching a spatial overdensity of stars found by Juric et al. (2008) at (R,z) \approx (9.5,0.8) kpc. Our results demonstrate the practical power of our search method to detect substructure in the phase-space distribution of nearby stars without making a-priori assumptions about the detailed form of the gravitational potential.
description: 57 pages, 22 figures, accepted for publication in ApJ
A scaling limit for the length of the longest cycle in a sparse random digraph
Creators: name: Anastos, Michael
name: Frieze, Alan
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: longest cycle
subject: random digraphs
subject: scaling limit
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::510 Mathematik::510 Mathematik

description: We discuss the length L -> c,n of the longest directed cycle in the sparse random digraph Dn,p,p=c/n, c constant. We show that for large c there exists a function f ->(c) such that L -> c,n/n -> f ->(c) a.s. The function f ->(c)=1- n-ary sumation k=1 infinity pk(c)e-kc where pk is a polynomial in c. We are only able to explicitly give the values p1,p2, although we could in principle compute any pk.
Upward Wave Activity Flux as a Precursor to Extreme Stratospheric Events and Subsequent Anomalous Surface Weather Regimes
Creators: name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
name: Waugh, Darryn W.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2004
Subjects: Atmosphere
Meteorology
Atmosphere, Upper

description: It has recently been shown that extreme stratospheric events (ESEs) are followed by surface weather anomalies (for up to 60 days), suggesting that stratospheric variability might be used to extend weather prediction beyond current time scales. In this paper, attention is drawn away from the stratosphere to demonstrate that the originating point of ESEs is located in the troposphere. First, it is shown that anomalously strong eddy heat fluxes at 100 hPa nearly always precede weak vortex events, and conversely, anomalously weak eddy heat fluxes precede strong vortex events, consistent with wave–mean flow interaction theory. This finding clarifies the dynamical nature of ESEs and suggests that a major source of stratospheric variability (and thus predictability) is located in the troposphere below and not in the stratosphere itself. Second, it is shown that the daily time series of eddy heat flux found at 100 hPa and integrated over the prior 40 days, exhibit a remarkably high anticorrelation (−0.8) with the Arctic Oscillation (AO) index at 10 hPa. Following Baldwin and Dunkerton, it is then demonstrated that events with anomalously strong (weak) integrated eddy heat fluxes at 100 hPa are followed by anomalously large (small) surface values of the AO index up to 60 days following each event. This suggests that the stratosphere is unlikely to be the dominant source of the anomalous surface weather regimes discussed in Thompson et al.
A New Look at Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. Part II: Evaluation of Numerical Model Simulations
Creators: name: Charlton, Andrew J.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
name: Perlwitz, Judith
name: Sassi, Fabrizio
name: Manzini, Elisa
name: Pawson, Steven
name: Shibata, Kiyotaka
name: Nielsen, J. Eric
name: Rind, David
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Atmosphere, Upper
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The simulation of major midwinter stratospheric sudden warmings (SSWs) in six stratosphere-resolving general circulation models (GCMs) is examined. The GCMs are compared to a new climatology of SSWs, based on the dynamical characteristics of the events. First, the number, type, and temporal distribution of SSW events are evaluated. Most of the models show a lower frequency of SSW events than the climatology, which has a mean frequency of 6.0 SSWs per decade. Statistical tests show that three of the six models produce significantly fewer SSWs than the climatology, between 1.0 and 2.6 SSWs per decade. Second, four process-based diagnostics are calculated for all of the SSW events in each model. It is found that SSWs in the GCMs compare favorably with dynamical benchmarks for SSW established in the first part of the study. These results indicate that GCMs are capable of quite accurately simulating the dynamics required to produce SSWs, but with lower frequency than the climatology. Further dynamical diagnostics hint that, in at least one case, this is due to a lack of meridional heat flux in the lower stratosphere. Even though the SSWs simulated by most GCMs are dynamically realistic when compared to the NCEP–NCAR reanalysis, the reasons for the relative paucity of SSWs in GCMs remains an important and open question.
A dictionary and grammatical sketch of Ruruuli-Lunyala
Creators: name: Namyalo, Saudah
name: Witzlack-Makarevich, Alena
name: Kiriggwajjo, Anatole
name: Atuhairwe, Amos
name: Molochieva, Zarina
name: Gimbo Mukama, Ruth
name: Zellers, Margaret
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: dictionary
subject: Ruruuli-Lunyala
subject: 400 Sprache::410 Linguistik::410 Linguistik

description: This book is a dictionary and grammar sketch of Ruruuli-Lunyala, a Great Lakes Bantu language spoken by over 200,000 people in central Uganda. The dictionary part includes about 10,000 entries. Each lexical entry provides translations into English, example sentences, and basic grammatical information. The dictionary part is supplemented with an outline of the Ruruuli-Lunyala grammar, which treats most of the phonological and morpho-syntactic topics. This book is a result of a joined effort of a large team of linguists and many speakers of Ruruuli-Lunyala and is intended as a resource for linguists and Ruruuli-Lunyala speakers, learners, and educators.
Variability of Active Galactic Nuclei from the Optical to X-ray Regions
Creators: name: Gaskell, C. Martin
name: Klimek, Elizabeth S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2009
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Some progress in understanding AGN variability is reviewed. Reprocessing of X-ray radiation to produce significant amounts of longer-wavelength continua seems to be ruled out. In some objects where there has been correlated X-ray and optical variability, the amplitude of the optical variability has exceeded the amplitude of X-ray variability. We suggest that accelerated particles striking material could be linking X-ray and optical variability (as in activity in the solar chromosphere). Beaming effects could be significant in all types of AGN. The diversity in optical/X-ray relationships at different times in the same object, and between different objects, might be explained by changes in geometry and directions of motion relative to our line of sight. Linear shot-noise models of the variability are ruled out; instead there must be large-scale organization of variability. Variability occurs on light-crossing timescales rather than viscous timescales and this probably rules out the standard Shakura-Sunyaev accretion disk. Radio-loud and radio-quiet AGNs have similar continuum shapes and similar variability properties. This suggests similar continuum origins and variability mechanisms. Despite their extreme X-ray variability, narrow-line Seyfert 1s (NLS1s) do not show extreme optical variability.
description: Invited talk given at Euro Asian Astronomical Society meeting in Moscow, June 2002. 20 pages, 4 figures. References updated
Accurate Bracket Placement with an Indirect Bonding Method Using Digitally Designed Transfer Models Printed in Different Orientations—An In Vitro Study
Creators: name: Süpple, Julia
name: Glasenapp, Julius Von
name: Hofmann, Eva
name: Jost-Brinkmann, Paul-Georg
name: Koch, Petra Julia
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: indirect bonding
subject: transfer accuracy
subject: transfer tray
subject: transfer model
subject: printing orientation
subject: CAD/CAM
subject: digital light processing
subject: 3D printing
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Objective: A digital workflow opens up new possibilities for the indirect bonding (IDB) of brackets. We tested if the printing orientation for bracket transfer models on the build platform of a 3D printer influences the accuracy of the following IDB method. We also evaluated the clinical acceptability of the IDB method combining digitally planned and printed transfer models with the conventional fabrication of pressure-molded transfer trays. Materials and methods: In total, 27 digitally planned bracket transfer models were printed with both 15° and 75° angulation from horizontal plane on the build platform of a digital light processing (DLP) printer. Brackets were temporarily bonded to the transfer models and pressure-molded trays were produced on them. IDB was then performed using the trays on the respective plaster models. The plaster models were scanned with an optical scanner. Digitally planned pre-bonding and scanned post-bonding bracket positions were superimposed with a software and resulted in three linear and three angular deviations per bracket. Results: No statistically significant differences of the transfer accuracy of printed transfer models angulated 15° or 75° on the 3D printer build platform were found. About 97% of the linear and 82% of the angular deviations were within the clinically acceptable range of ±0.2 mm and ±1°, respectively. The highest inaccuracies in the linear dimension occurred in the vertical towards the gingival direction and in the angular dimension in palatal crown torque. Conclusion: For the IDB method used, the printing orientation on the build platform did not have a significant impact on the transfer accuracy.
A New Look at Stratospheric Sudden Warmings. Part I: Climatology and Modeling Benchmarks
Creators: name: Charlton, Andrew J.
name: Polvani, Lorenzo M.
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Atmosphere
subject: Atmosphere, Upper
subject: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: Stratospheric sudden warmings are the clearest and strongest manifestation of dynamical coupling in the stratosphere–troposphere system. While many sudden warmings have been individually documented in the literature, this study aims at constructing a comprehensive climatology: all major midwinter warming events are identified and classified, in both the NCEP–NCAR and 40-yr ECMWF Re-Analysis (ERA-40) datasets. To accomplish this a new, objective identification algorithm is developed. This algorithm identifies sudden warmings based on the zonal mean zonal wind at 60°N and 10 hPa, and classifies them into events that do and do not split the stratospheric polar vortex. Major midwinter stratospheric sudden warmings are found to occur with a frequency of approximately six events per decade, and 46% of warming events lead to a splitting of the stratospheric polar vortex. The dynamics of vortex splitting events is contrasted to that of events where the vortex is merely displaced off the pole. In the stratosphere, the two types of events are found to be dynamically distinct: vortex splitting events occur after a clear preconditioning of the polar vortex, and their influence on middle-stratospheric temperatures lasts for up to 20 days longer than vortex displacement events. In contrast, the influence of sudden warmings on the tropospheric state is found to be largely insensitive to the event type. Finally, a table of dynamical benchmarks for major stratospheric sudden warming events is compiled. These benchmarks are used in a companion study to evaluate current numerical model simulations of the stratosphere.
The symbolism of C.J. Brennan : a study of Brennan's symbolic practice in Poems 1913.
Creators: name: Hildyard, AM
Publisher: name: University Of Tasmania
Year: 2023

description: Every poet stands for trial by the new generation: continual effort is demanded, for not until we have examined all the evidence at our disposal, are we fit to judge. In Brennan's case, an effort greater than usual is required, for though the body of his poetry is not large, a considerable amount of extraneous material surrounds it. Our way is obscured at the outset by an army of exegetical writings. The ultra-serious modern critics of Brennan, Who tend to regard the whole matter as that difficult and many-sided subject, the \Poetry of C.J. Brennan\" analyse it in Parts with detailed explications de texte. For instance G.A. Wilkes's study New Perspectives on Brennan's Poetry(ils thorough and well-executed an indispensable aid to the student of Brennan. Wilkes is as much as any scholar now living an expert in the field: but does he finally come to grips with the poems themselves? It is clear that what much recent criticism of Brennan fails to supply is an evaluation of the verse; and so from the outset this was my final goal."
Shear Wave Elastography in the Detection of Sinusoidal Obstruction Syndrome in Adult Patients Undergoing Allogenic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
Creators: name: Schulz, Marten
name: Vuong, Lam Giang
name: Müller, Hans Peter
name: Maibier, Martin
name: Tacke, Frank
name: Blau, Igor Wolfgang
name: Wree, Alexander
Publisher: name: Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS)
subject: veno-occlusive disease (VOD)
subject: hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT)
subject: shear wave elastography (SWE)
subject: liver stiffness measurement (LSM)
subject: 600 Technik, Medizin, angewandte Wissenschaften::610 Medizin und Gesundheit::610 Medizin und Gesundheit

description: Hepatic sinusoidal obstruction syndrome (SOS), also known as veno-occlusive disease (VOD) can be a life-threatening complication after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Diagnosis is often difficult and traditionally based on clinical parameters. Shear wave elastography (SWE) is a modern non-invasive liver stiffness measurement technique using ultrasound. In this monocentric study, we evaluated the role of SWE in diagnosing SOS/VOD in 63 adult patients undergoing HSCT from February 2020 to August 2020 in real world settings. Three patients developed SOS/VOD. This was accompanied by an increase in shear wave velocity in all three patients, indicating that this method may contribute to establishing the diagnosis SOS/VOD after HSCT.