cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Topical fluoride for caries prevention: Executive summary of the updated clinical recommendations and supporting systematic review
Creators: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2013

description: A panel of experts convened by the American Dental Association (ADA) Council on Scientific Affairs presents evidence-based clinical recommendations regarding professionally applied and prescription-strength, home-use topical fluoride agents for caries prevention. These recommendations are an update of the 2006 ADA recommendations regarding professionally applied topical fluoride and were developed by using a new process that includes conducting a systematic review of primary studies.
Modeling spontaneous breaking of time-translation symmetry
Creators: name: Sacha, Krzysztof
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that an ultra-cold atomic cloud bouncing on an oscillating mirror can reveal spontaneous breaking of a discrete time translation symmetry. In many-body simulations we illustrate the process of the symmetry breaking that can be induced by atomic losses or by a measurement of particle positions. The results pave the way for understanding and realization of the time crystal idea where crystalline structures form in the time domain due to spontaneous breaking of continuous time translation symmetry.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. A
Cross Domain Interoperability in Science Project 9 of EOSC Future WP6.3
Creators: name: Grieg, Hanna Thome
name: Orten, Hilde
name: Stavesterand, Eirik
name: Wackerow, Joachim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The goal of Science Project 9 of EOSC Future WP6.3 is to demonstrate that relevant environmental data and data on citizens' values, attitudes, behavior and involvement can be combined for social, political and scientific analysis. This project includes an upgrade of the European Social Survey Multi-Level Application, with the aim to support integration of climate data with the ESS data and the regional contextual data already supported by the tool. Data will also be available via the EOSC Platform. The upcoming work product of the DDI Alliance, the DDI-Cross Domain Integration metadata standard will be used to bridge between data from the different research domains and of different structures. We will also explore how standards may be used together. This presentation will give an introduction to the project, report on work performed so far and provide ideas for the future.
Quintessence in a quandary: prior dependence in dark energy models
Creators: name: Marsh, David J. E.
name: Bull, Philip
name: Ferreira, Pedro G.
name: Pontzen, Andrew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The archetypal theory of dark energy is quintessence: a minimally coupled scalar field with a canonical kinetic energy and potential. By studying random potentials we show that quintessence imposes a restricted set of priors on the equation of state of dark energy. Focusing on the commonly-used parametrisation, $w(a)\approx w_0+w_a(1-a)$, we show that there is a natural scale and direction in the $(w_0, w_a)$ plane that distinguishes quintessence as a general framework. We calculate the expected information gain for a given survey and show that, because of the non-trivial prior information, it is a function of more than just the figure of merit. This allows us to make a quantitative case for novel survey strategies. We show that the scale of the prior sets target observational requirements for gaining significant information. This corresponds to a figure of merit FOM$\gtrsim 200$, a requirement that future galaxy redshift surveys will meet.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. For the busy reader, Fig. 1 is the money plot. v2: Minor changes, matches published version. Code open source at gitorious.org/random-quintessence
On Serre's uniformity conjecture for semistable elliptic curves over totally real fields
Creators: name: Anni, Samuele
name: Siksek, Samir
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11F80 (Primary), 11G05 (Secondary), 11F41

description: Let $K$ be a totally real field, and let $S$ be a finite set of non-archimedean places of $K$. It follows from the work of Merel, Momose and David that there is a constant $B_{K,S}$ so that if $E$ is an elliptic curve defined over $K$, semistable outside $S$, then for all $p>B_{K,S}$, the representation $\barρ_{E,p}$ is irreducible. We combine this with modularity and level lowering to show the existence of an effectively computable constant $C_{K,S}$, and an effectively computable set of elliptic curves over $K$ with CM $E_1,\dotsc,E_n$ such that the following holds. If $E$ is an elliptic curve over $K$ semistable outside $S$, and $p>C_{K,S}$ is prime, then either $\barρ_{E,p}$ is surjective, or $\barρ_{E,p} \sim \barρ_{E_i,p}$ for some $i=1,\dots,n$.
description: 7 pages. Improved version incorporating referee's comments
Comment on "Measurement of 2- and 3-nucleon short range correlation probabilities in nuclei"
Creators: name: Higinbotham, Douglas W.
name: Hen, Or
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: "Measurement of 2- and 3-nucleon short range correlation probabilities in nuclei" claimed to observe plateaus in the inclusive A/3He (e,e') ratios in the xB > 2 region; yet, a subsequent measurement at a higher momentum transfer did not observe xB > 2 plateaus. Herein we comment on a possible experimental explanation for this discrepancy.
description: 1 page, 2 figures
Concordance between Clinical Practice and Published Evidence: Findings from The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network
Creators: name: Gilbert, Gregg H.
name: Frantsve-Hawley, Julie
name: Rindal, D. Brad
name: Makhija, Sonia K.
name: Hilton, Thomas J.
name: Gordan, Valeria V.
name: Norton, Wynne E.
name: Pihlstrom, Daniel J.
name: Bader, James D.
name: Funkhouser, Ellen
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: Documenting the gap between what is occurring in clinical practice and what published research suggests is an important step toward improving care. This study quantified concordance between clinical practice and published evidence across preventive, diagnostic and treatment procedures among a sample of dentists in the National Dental Practice-Based Research Network.
TELESCOPIC SYNTHESIS OF FUNCTIONALIZED CHIRAL AMINES AND DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW CHEMODIVERGENT TRANSFORMATION
Creators: name: PIROLA, MARGHERITA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2021

description: Abstract The present thesis covers three different topics: the development of a novel chemodivergent transformation involving nitroalkanes (Figure 1a); the stereoselective, metal-free, catalytic synthesis of differently functionalized chiral 1,2-diamines in a two-step, continuous-flow process (Figure 1b); [1] and the telescopic continuous flow enantioselective synthesis of a fluorinated active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) precursor A[2] (Figure 1c). Figure 1 More in detail, a General introduction containing literature background regarding the use of trichlorosilane will be provided, since this versatile reagent was used for different purposes in all the three projects presented here. Subsequently, in Chapter 1 we will focus on transformations of nitroalkanes, and we will present an unprecedented chemodivergent transformation, allowing to selectively obtain amines or nitriles starting from aliphatic nitro derivatives. Furthermore, we will report the application of this new synthetic methodology to chiral, optically active nitroalkanes, demonstrating the utility of the protocol that provides access to classes of compounds that are otherwise not easily accessed by classical methods in organic synthesis. The following chapter will deal with synthetic applications of continuous flow processes for the telescopic synthesis of chiral amines. In particular, in Chapter 2.1 a stereoselective, metal-free synthetic strategy for the preparation of trifluoromethylamine mimics of retro-thiorphan A (Figure 1) has been studied in batch and under continuous flow conditions, affording the target molecule in good yields and high diastereoselectivity. Crucial step is the catalytic stereoselective reduction of a fluorinated enamine with trichlorosilane as reducing agent in the presence of a chiral Lewis base. Finally, in Chapter 2.2, we will focus on the development of a two-step, continuous-flow process for the stereoselective, metal-free, catalytic synthesis of chiral differently functionalized chiral 1,2-diamines. At first, the enantioselective organocatalytic reduction of aryl-substituted nitroenamines under continuous-flow conditions will be discussed. The chapter will include preliminary screening with a 10 �l microreactor, to establish the best reaction conditions, followed by a scaled-up in a 0.5 ml mesoreactor. Subsequently, the in-flow nitro reduction will be studied, either by Raney-Ni catalyzed hydrogenation, and by a metal-free methodology based on the use of trichlorosilane. Preliminary attempts to obtain a continuous flow telescopic synthesis, avoiding the isolation of intermediates will be also discussed. The Appendix included at the end of the present work, is related to the pharmaceutical industry, to briefly summarize the work performed during a two months traineeship spent in Flamma Innovation.
NON NISI AMOR PLENE CAPIAT QUAE SUNT DIVINA.GUGLIELMO DI SAINT-THIERRY E LA GRAMMATICA DELLA VOLONT�.
Creators: name: PULLANO, FRANCESCA
Publisher: name: Universit� degli Studi di Milano
Year: 2016

description: William of Saint-Thierry takes in an interesting manner the Augustinian theme of man as imago Dei: it is linked to tradition, but in original terms, which are clearly inspired by monastic philosophy and by the new "humanist" reflections of XII century. According to William the need to renew the similarity between God and man, is the growth of love, which leads to a strong identity with God. It seems to go beyond the unity of the Augustinian tripartite structure of the human soul - memory, intelligence and will- to emphasize the importance of the will, wich is the intentio of love and knowledge. The relationship with God is the most important topic of William's thought and the power of love becomes the essential tool of the Itinerarium mentis in Deum, whose aim is to join the only level of reality that gives meaning to the world. Going through the major stages of William's life and analyzing his books, we can see that he is an iconic figure, not only for his philosophical reflection, but also for his role in the debates. He also studies at the cathedral school, he learns how to use dialectic and he is able to compete in a particular way with Abelard and with the masters of Chartres. The monk of Signy understands the need to seek a more rigorous language to speak about divine realities; but he also sees limits and errors: William opposes a different and "proper" use of reason in cognitive process, against the rationalism, that is exaggerated and falsely innovative according to him.
Open Disclosure of Patient Safety Incidents in Ireland and Bahrain
Creators: name: Saleh, Jamal
Publisher: name: Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 111705 Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Patient safety is central to modern healthcare; breach of patient safety significantly impacts the health of individuals, societies, and economies (1-3). Patient safety incidents (PSIs) are common in healthcare facilities; roughly ten per cent of hospitalised patients end up with a safety incident (4). When safety incidents happen, patients expect the health care professionals (HCPs) to apologise, express sympathy, brief them on details of the incident, and promise investigation so the incident does not happen again in a process known as open disclosure (OD); unfortunately, OD is not offered to patients voluntarily in many cases. Previous work on the health care culture in Ireland concluded that 55% of hospital staff acknowledged barriers surrounding OD, and 24% of respondents identified fear of litigation as the main barrier (5). Our knowledge of HCPs’ compliance with OD policies and laws in Ireland and Bahrain is limited; hence, it was decided to carry out this literature search to explore this issue. The literature search identified a significant lack of research on OD in Bahrain. In addition, the search identified a lack of information on the degree of engagement of HCPs in the process of OD after the Health Service Executive (HSE) in Ireland introduced its OD guidelines in 2013. This study supports the need for more research on the knowledge, attitudes, and the practice of OD in Ireland and Bahrain. Further research is required to assess the impact of introducing OD on healthcare safety in the two countries.
Starvation of Cancer via Induced Ketogenesis and Severe Hypoglycemia
Creators: name: Kapelner, Adam
name: Vorsanger, Matthew
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Other Quantitative Biology (q-bio.OT)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Neoplasms are highly dependent on glucose as their substrate for energy production and are generally not able to catabolize other fuel sources such as ketones and fatty acids. Thus, removing access to glucose has the potential to starve cancer cells and induce apoptosis. Unfortunately, other body tissues are also dependent on glucose for energy under normal conditions. However, in human starvation (or in the setting of diet-induced ketogenesis), the body "keto-adapts" and glucose requirements of most tissues drop to almost nil. Exceptions include the central nervous system (CNS) and various other tissues which have a small but obligatory requirement of glucose. Our hypothesized treatment takes keto-adaptation as a prerequisite. We then propose the induction of severe hypoglycemia by depressing gluconeogenesis while administering glucose to the brain. Although severe hypoglycemia normally produces adverse effects such as seizure and coma, it is relatively safe following ketoadaptation. We hypothesize that our therapeutic hypoglycemia treatment has potential to rapidly induce tumor cell necrosis.
description: 17 pages, 1 figure, 1 table
On Partially Massless Theory in 3 Dimensions
Creators: name: Alexandrov, Sergei
name: Deffayet, Cedric
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We analyze the first-order formulation of the ghost-free bigravity model in three-dimensions known as zwei-dreibein gravity. For a special choice of parameters, it was argued to have an additional gauge symmetry and give rise to a partially massless theory. We provide a thorough canonical analysis and identify that whether the theory becomes partially massless depends on the form of the stability condition of the secondary constraint responsible for the absence of the ghost. Generically, it is found to be an equation for a Lagrange multiplier implying that partially massless zwei-dreibein gravity does not exist. However, for special backgrounds this condition is identically satisfied leading to the presence of additional symmetries, which however disappear at quadratic order in perturbations.
description: 22 pages; added references and few comments in the conclusions; added few clarifications
The prevalence of caries and tooth loss among participants in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos
Creators: name: Becerra, Karen
name: Badner, Victor M.
name: Singer, Richard
name: Kaste, Linda M.
name: Atkinson, Jane C.
name: Mauriello, Sally
name: Beaver, Shirley
name: Beck, James D.
name: Youngblood, Marston
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: ABSTRACT: Background.: The Hispanic and Latino population is projected to increase from 16.7 percent to 30.0 percent by 2050. Previous U.S. national surveys had minimal representation of Hispanic and Latino participants other than Mexicans, despite evidence suggesting that Hispanic or Latino country of origin and degree of acculturation influence health outcomes in this population. In this article, the authors describe the prevalence and mean number of cavitated, decayed and filled surfaces, missing teeth and edentulism among Hispanics and Latinos of different national origins. Methods.: Investigators in the Hispanic Community Health Study/Study of Latinos (HCHS/SOL)—a multicenter epidemiologic study funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute with funds transferred from six other institutes, including the National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research—conducted in-person examinations and interviews with more than 16,000 participants aged 18 to 74 years in four U.S. cities between March 2008 and June 2011. The investigators identified missing, filled and decayed teeth according to a modified version of methods used in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The authors computed prevalence estimates (weighted percentages), weighted means and standard errors for measures. Results.: The prevalence of decayed surfaces ranged from 20.2 percent to 35.5 percent, depending on Hispanic or Latino background, whereas the prevalence of decayed and filled surfaces ranged from 82.7 percent to 87.0 percent, indicating substantial amounts of dental treatment. The prevalence of missing teeth ranged from 49.8 percent to 63.8 percent and differed according to Hispanic or Latino background. Significant differences in the mean number of decayed surfaces, decayed or filled surfaces and missing teeth according to Hispanic and Latino background existed within each of the age groups and between women and men. Conclusions.: Oral health status differs according to Hispanic or Latino background, even with adjustment for age, sex and other characteristics. Practical Implications.: These data indicate that Hispanics and Latinos in the United States receive restorative dental treatment and that practitioners should consider the association between Hispanic or Latino origin and oral health status. This could mean that dental practices in areas dominated by patients from a single Hispanic or Latino background can anticipate a practice based on a specific pattern of treatment needs.
Mündliche, kollegiale Reflexion von videografiertem Unterricht
Creators: name: Wyss, Corinne
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2018

description: Videoaufnahmen von Unterricht werden in der Aus- und Weiterbildung von Lehrpersonen verbreitet eingesetzt. Die heutigen technischen Möglichkeiten erlauben ein unkompliziertes Produzieren, Speichern, Teilen und Bearbeiten von Unterrichtsaufnahmen. Dadurch können Aufnahmen des eigenen Unterrichts, aber auch diejenigen von Studien- oder Lehrerkolleginnen und -kollegen oder von unbekannten Drittpersonen betrachtet und bearbeitet werden. Die videobasierte Reflexion hat den Vorteil, dass alle beteiligten Personen das Unterrichtsgeschehen aus der gleichen Perspektive ansehen können. Persönliche Beobachtungen, Analysen und Erklärungen können situiert und für andere sichtbar gemacht werden. Dies ist sowohl für die individuelle, schriftliche als auch für die gemeinsame, mündliche Reflexion hilfreich.
description: +repphzhbib2018F
Entanglement negativity in the harmonic chain out of equilibrium
Creators: name: Eisler, Viktor
name: Zimboras, Zoltan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the entanglement in a chain of harmonic oscillators driven out of equilibrium by preparing the two sides of the system at different temperatures, and subsequently joining them together. The steady state is constructed explicitly and the logarithmic negativity is calculated between two adjacent segments of the chain. We find that, for low temperatures, the steady-state entanglement is a sum of contributions pertaining to left- and right-moving excitations emitted from the two reservoirs. In turn, the steady-state entanglement is a simple average of the Gibbs-state values and thus its scaling can be obtained from conformal field theory. A similar averaging behaviour is observed during the entire time evolution. As a particular case, we also discuss a local quench where both sides of the chain are initialized in their respective ground states.
description: 19 pages, 7 figures, small changes, references added, published version
Indústria 4.0 e Lean Manufacturing
Creators: name: Brandl, Edenilson
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023
Subjects: Indústria 4.0
Lean Manufacturing
Eficiência Operacional
Cultura de Melhoria Contínua
Tecnologias Emergentes
Treinamento de Habilidades Digitais
Automatização Colaborativa
Análise Preditiva
Integração de Processos
Avaliação Contínua

description: Na integração da Indústria 4.0 com os princípios Lean Manufacturing, é fundamental adotar uma abordagem estratégica e holística. Primeiramente, é crucial compreender a interligação dos objetivos de eficiência entre essas duas metodologias, reconhecendo que ambas visam eliminar desperdícios e otimizar processos. Ao alinhar esses objetivos, é essencial envolver os funcionários e gerenciar eficazmente as mudanças organizacionais, criando uma cultura de melhoria contínua. Identificar os processos-chave para digitalização e melhoria Lean é o próximo passo, permitindo a implementação de tecnologias como IoT e sensores para monitoramento em tempo real, bem como o uso de Big Data e análise preditiva para aprimorar processos operacionais. Investir em treinamento e desenvolvimento de habilidades digitais dos funcionários é crucial para capacitar a equipe a utilizar as tecnologias emergentes. Além disso, integrar robótica e automação colaborativa com os princípios Lean pode resultar em eficiência aprimorada. Finalmente, uma avaliação contínua dos resultados e uma adaptação constante das estratégias são necessárias para garantir o sucesso a longo prazo dessa integração, promovendo a excelência operacional e a competitividade no cenário industrial moderno.
Quantum spectral dimension in quantum field theory
Creators: name: Calcagni, Gianluca
name: Modesto, Leonardo
name: Nardelli, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We reinterpret the spectral dimension of spacetimes as the scaling of an effective self-energy transition amplitude in quantum field theory (QFT), when the system is probed at a given resolution. This picture has four main advantages: (a) it dispenses with the usual interpretation (unsatisfactory in covariant approaches) where, instead of a transition amplitude, one has a probability density solving a nonrelativistic diffusion equation in an abstract diffusion time; (b) it solves the problem of negative probabilities known for higher-order and nonlocal dispersion relations in classical and quantum gravity; (c) it clarifies the concept of quantum spectral dimension as opposed to the classical one. We then consider a class of logarithmic dispersion relations associated with quantum particles and show that the spectral dimension $d_s$ of spacetime as felt by these quantum probes can deviate from its classical value, equal to the topological dimension $D$. In particular, in the presence of higher momentum powers it changes with the scale, dropping from $D$ in the infrared (IR) to a value $d_s^{\rm UV}\leq D$ in the ultraviolet (UV). We apply this general result to Stelle theory of renormalizable gravity, which attains the universal value $d_s^{\rm UV}=2$ for any dimension $D$.
description: 26 pages, 3 figures; v2: discussion clarified and improved at several points, typos corrected, results unchanged; v3: some material confined to an appendix, discussion streamlined, results unchanged
Quantum-to-Classical Reduction of Quantum Master Equations
Creators: name: Kamiya, Norikazu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A general method of quantum-to-classical reduction of quantum dynamics is described. The key aspect of our method is the similarity transformation of the Liouvillian, which provides a new perspective. In conventional studies of quantum energy transport, the rotating wave approximation has been frequently regarded as an inappropriate approach because it causes the energy flow through the system to vanish. Our formulation elucidates as to why this unphysical result occurs and provides a solution for the problem. That is, not only the density matrix but also the physical quantity is to be transformed. Moreover, we show that quantum dynamics can be "exactly" replaced with classical equations for the calculation of the transport efficiency.
description: 13 pages, 2 figures; To appear in Prog. Theor. Exp. Phys
Universality classes in two-component driven diffusive systems
Creators: name: Popkov, V.
name: Schmidt, J.
name: Schütz, G. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: 82C27, 82C70, 82C20

description: We study time-dependent density fluctuations in the stationary state of driven diffusive systems with two conserved densities $ρ_λ$. Using Monte-Carlo simulations of two coupled single-lane asymmetric simple exclusion processes we present numerical evidence for universality classes with dynamical exponents $z=(1+\sqrt{5})/2$ and $z=3/2$ (but different from the Kardar-Parisi-Zhang (KPZ) universality class), which have not been reported yet for driven diffusive systems. The numerical asymmetry of the dynamical structure functions converges slowly for some of the non-KPZ superdiffusive modes for which mode coupling theory predicts maximally asymmetric $z$-stable Lévy scaling functions. We show that all universality classes predicted by mode coupling theory for two conservation laws are generic: They occur in two-component systems with nonlinearities in the associated currents already of the minimal order $ρ_λ^2ρ_μ$. The macroscopic stationary current-density relation and the compressibility matrix determine completely all permissible universality classes through the mode coupling coefficients which we compute explicitly for general two-component systems.
description: 37 pages, 11 figures, a reference added, some typos corrected and some figures replaced + various cosmetic changes
Twenty-month follow-up of occlusal carious lesions deemed questionable at baseline: Findings from The National Dental Practice-Based Research Network
Creators: name: Funkhouser, Ellen
name: Gilbert, Gregg H.
name: Gordan, Valeria V.
name: Bader, James D.
name: Rindal, D. Brad
name: Makhija, Sonia K.
name: Nørrisgaard, Pia
name: Qvist, Vibeke
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2014

description: A questionable occlusal caries (QOC) lesion can be defined as an occlusal surface with no radiographic evidence of caries, but caries is suspected because of clinical appearance. In this study, the authors report the results of a 20-month follow-up of these lesions.
The Komar mass function in the de-Rham-Gabadadze-Tolley non-linear theory of massive gravity
Creators: name: Arraut, Ivan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: I derive the Komar mass/function for the Schwarszchild de-Sitter (S-dS) black-hole inside the dRGT non-linear theory of massive gravity by taking the usual notion of time-like Killing vector in unitary gauge. The dRGT Komar function depends on the dynamics of the Stückelberg fields through the gauge transformation function. It goes to the standard value obtained in General Relativity (GR) if the spatial derivative of the gauge function vanishes. In such a case, the (gauge) function corresponds to the usual notion of time as in GR.
description: Version to appear in Physical Review D
title: Método de volúmenes finitos para las simulaciones computacionales
title: FINITE VOLUME METHOD FOR COMPUTATIONAL SIMULATIONS
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: García Gavilánez, Robinson José
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Finite Volumes
Solar Energy
Fluid Dynamics
Volúmenes finitos
Energía Solar
Dinámica de fluidos

description: Resumen

EL articulo busca explicar como el uso del método de volúmenes finitos en la discretización de ecuaciones diferencias que están involucradas en le modelado de sistemas térmicos, se aplican en los programas de simulación computacional CFD, esos paquetes tecnológicos con la capacidad de modelar geometría complejas y fenómenos de transferencia de calor, evaluando las interacciones entre materiales permitiendo mejorar la eficiencia térmica. Los resultados obtenidos al incluir variaciones el espesor de la placa absorbedora y al añadir dispositivos reflectores que aumentan la capacidad de absorber calor por el sistema, ayudando a que el fluido aumente su temperatura al mejorar el rendimiento general del sistema, las simulaciones computacionales son de gran ayuda para simular entornos operativos hipotéticos que permiten ahorrarse costos por construcción
description: The article seeks to explain how the use of the finite volume method in the discretization of differential equations involved in the modeling of thermal systems is applied in computational simulation programs (CFD). These technological packages have the capability to model complex geometries and heat transfer phenomena, evaluating the interactions between materials to improve thermal efficiency. The results obtained by varying the thickness of the absorber plate and adding reflective devices increase the system's heat absorption capacity, helping the fluid to raise its temperature and enhancing the overall system performance. Computational simulations are highly useful for simulating hypothetical operational environments, allowing cost savings by avoiding construction
In vitro modeling of nonhypoxic cold ischemia–reperfusion simulating lung transplantation
Creators: name: Abano, John B.
name: Watson, Larry
name: Blackwell, John W.
name: Casiraghi, Monica
name: Tatreau, Jason R.
name: Burridge, Keith
name: Randell, Scott H.
name: Egan, Thomas M.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Although anoxia/reoxygenation of cultured cells has been employed to model lung ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI), this does not accurately mimic events experienced by lung cells while a lung is retrieved from a donor, stored, and transplanted. We developed an in vitro model of non-hypoxic IRI to simulate these events.
Global Spatio-temporal Patterns of Influenza in the Post-pandemic Era
Creators: name: He, Daihai
name: Lui, Roger
name: Wang, Lin
name: Tse, Chi Kong
name: Yang, Lin
name: Stone, Lewi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: We study the global spatio-temporal patterns of influenza dynamics. This is achieved by analysing and modelling weekly laboratory confirmed cases of influenza A and B from 138 countries between January 2006 and May 2014. The data were obtained from FluNet, the surveillance network compiled by the the World Health Organization. We report a pattern of {\it skip-and-resurgence} behavior between the years 2011 and 2013 for influenza H1N1/09, the strain responsible for the 2009 pandemic, in Europe and Eastern Asia. In particular, the expected H1N1/09 epidemic outbreak in 2011 failed to occur (or"skipped") in many countries across the globe, although an outbreak occurred in the following year. We also report a pattern of {\it well-synchronized} 2010 winter wave of H1N1/09 in the Northern Hemisphere countries, and a pattern of replacement of strain H1N1/77 by H1N1/09 between the 2009 and 2012 influenza seasons. Using both a statistical and a mechanistic mathematical model, and through fitting the data of 108 countries (108 countries in a statistical model and 10 large populations with a mechanistic model), we discuss the mechanisms that are likely to generate these events taking into account the role of multi-strain dynamics. A basic understanding of these patterns has important public health implications and scientific significance.
Regression of pressure-induced left ventricular hypertrophy is characterized by a distinct gene expression profile
Creators: name: Tang, Ru-hang
name: Moss, Nancy C.
name: Patterson, Cam
name: Charles, Peter C.
name: Stansfield, William E.
name: Bhati, Rajendra
name: Rojas, Mauricio
name: Selzman, Craig H.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2009

description: Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a highly prevalent and robust predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Existing studies have finely detailed mechanisms involved with its development, yet clinical translation of these findings remains unsatisfactory. We propose an alternative strategy focusing on mechanisms of LVH regression rather than its progression and hypothesize that LVH regression is associated with a distinct genomic profile
Geometric structure for the principal series of a split reductive $p$-adic group with connected centre
Creators: name: Aubert, Anne-Marie
name: Baum, Paul
name: Plymen, Roger
name: Solleveld, Maarten
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Representation Theory (math.RT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 20G05, 22E50

description: Let $\mathcal{G}$ be a split reductive $p$-adic group with connected centre. We show that each Bernstein block in the principal series of $\mathcal{G}$ admits a definite geometric structure, namely that of an extended quotient. For the Iwahori-spherical block, this extended quotient has the form $T//W$ where $T$ is a maximal torus in the Langlands dual group of $\mathcal{G}$ and $W$ is the Weyl group of $\mathcal{G}$.
description: 16 pages. This version is more concise, and there is a corresponding change of title. It supersedes the relevant part of arXiv:1211.0180
title: Wie hat sich das Bild des Islam seit den 1950er Jahren in ausgewählten katholischen BHS-Schulbüchern in Österreich entwickelt
Creators: name: Kalkan, Mehmet
Year: 2022

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Thema: Wie hat sich das Bild des Islam seit den 1950er Jahren in ausgewählten katholischen BHS Schulbüchern in Österreich entwickelt? Zur Beantwortung dieser Forschungsfrage erfolgt im Hauptteil der Arbeit eine Grob- und Feinanalyse der in Österreich approbierten katholischen BHS-Schulbücher seit 1950. Methodisch bedient sich die Masterarbeit einer Schulbuchanalyse. Zu Beginn der Analyse erfolgt eine deskriptiv-quantitative Grobanalyse der zwanzig Lehrwerke, die zum Großteil auf dem Salzburger Raster von Astleitner, Sams & Thonhauser (1998) beruhen. Bei der danach kommende Feinanalyse werden Forschungsfragen, die Vor- und während der Untersuchung angefertigt wurden an den Text gestellt. Hierbei handelt es sich um die qualitative Inhaltsanalyse von Mayring. Die Analyse kommt zu dem Ergebnis, dass sich das Bild des Islam in den katholischen BHS Schulbüchern in Österreich positiv entwickelt hat. Zum einen wurde der Islam im Laufe der Zeit häufiger thematisiert. Zum anderen sinkt seit der zweiten Hälfte der 1970er Jahre die Anzahl der falschen oder einseitigen Informationen über den Islam in den Schulbüchern. Die Fehler und die einseitige Informationsauswahl ließen sich verhindern, wenn mit der islamischen Glaubensgemeinschaft in Österreich (IGGÖ) kooperiert werden würde. Dadurch könnten die Kapitel über islamische Themen aus dem muslimischen Selbstbild heraus in die katholischen Schulbücher aufgenommen werden.
Magnetic field instability in a neutron star driven by the electroweak electron-nucleon interaction versus the chiral magnetic effect
Creators: name: Dvornikov, Maxim
name: Semikoz, Victor B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the Standard Model electroweak interaction of ultrarelativistic electrons with nucleons ($eN$ interaction) in a neutron star (NS) permeated by a seed large-scale helical magnetic field provides its growth up to $\gtrsim 10^{15}\thinspace\text{G}$ during a time comparable with the ages of young magnetars $\sim 10^4\thinspace\text{yr}$. The magnetic field instability originates from the parity violation in the $eN$ interaction entering the generalized Dirac equation for right and left massless electrons in an external uniform magnetic field. We calculate the averaged electric current given by the solution of the modified Dirac equation containing an extra current for right and left electrons (positrons), which turns out to be directed along the magnetic field. Such current includes both a changing chiral imbalance of electrons and the $eN$ potential given by a constant neutron density in NS. Then we derive the system of the kinetic equations for the chiral imbalance and the magnetic helicity which accounts for the $eN$ interaction. By solving this system, we show that a sizable chiral imbalance arising in a neutron protostar due to the Urca-process $e^-_\mathrm{L} + p\to N + ν_\mathrm{eL}$ diminishes very rapidly because of a huge chirality flip rate. Thus the $eN$ term prevails the chiral effect providing a huge growth of the magnetic helicity and the helical magnetic field.
description: 6 pages in Revtex4.1, two columns, 2 eps figures; text was slightly extended, multiple misprints were corrected, some references were added; version published in Phys.Rev.D as a Rapid Communication
Trace elements in blood of leukemia patients
Creators: name: Sherif, Fathi
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Trace elements are minerals present in living tissues in small amounts. Some of them are known to be nutritionally essential, others may be essential, and the remainder are considered to be nonessential. Trace elements such as zinc, copper, selenium, iron, chromium and, others are essential elements for growth and body health. They form an integral part of many enzymes and bioactive centers that are responsible for biochemical reactions such as metabolism, protein and, DNA synthesis. They are said to contribute to the development of cancer based on epidemiologic evidence. The blood level of trace elements in the human body is affected by cancer and drug treatment. The low trace elements level is a sign of leukemia patients, where cancer cells consume body nutrients and essential elements for growth. The Libyan patients were divided into four age groups and were either newly or old diagnosed with leukemia, including patients with acute leukocyte leukemia, acute myeloid leukemia, chronic myelogenous leukemia, and aplastic anemia. The samples were tested for direct aspiration onto inductively coupled plasma spectrometry at specific wave lengths. The findings showed the blood level of trace elements in leukemia patients is lower than in the healthy individuals. A negative correlation between copper and zinc levels in leukemia patients was found. The copper level increases in leukemia patients as they get older.
Simulation in coronary artery anastomosis early in cardiothoracic surgical residency training: The Boot Camp experience
Creators: name: Calhoon, John H.
name: Feins, Richard H.
name: Brown, John W.
name: Hicks, George L.
name: Fann, James I.
name: Carpenter, Andrea J.
name: Murray, Gordon F.
name: Merrill, Walter H.
name: Kalani, Maziyar
name: Poston, Robert S.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2010

description: We evaluated focused training in coronary artery anastomosis with a porcine heart model and portable task station.
Comparative studies of low temperature X-ray diffraction experiments on R2Ir2O7 (R = Nd, Eu, and Pr)
Creators: name: Takatsu, Hiroshi
name: Watanabe, Kunihiko
name: Goto, Kazuki
name: Kadowaki, Hiroaki
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The cubic symmetry of pyrochlore iridium oxides R2Ir2O7 (R = Nd, Eu, and Pr) has been investigated by high resolution X-ray diffraction experiments down to 4 K,in order to clarify the relationship between the metal-insulator transition (MIT) and the small structural phase transition suggested by Raman scattering experiments in these compounds. We have found that a small negative thermal expansion of the order of 10^-3 angstroms appears only in Nd2Ir2O7 below the MIT, T_MIT = 34 K, resulting in the magnetovolume effect of the long-range order of Ir moments. However, any breaking of the cubic symmetry of three iridates has not been observed as appearance of superlattice reflections nor splittings of cubic reflections below T_MIT. These results imply that lowering of the cubic symmetry plays a minor role for the change in the electronic state of these compounds, while a formation of the special arrangement of Ir moments plays a major role for the MIT.
description: 6 pages, 4 figures
ENLIGHT RISE Workshop on Digital Research Infrastructures - Presentations and report
Creators: name: Schmidt, Birgit
name: Andersson, Margaretha
name: Jones, Sarah
name: Chambers, Sally
name: Nysted, Björn
name: Stein, Regine
name: van Nieuwerburgh, Inge
name: Schatz, Merle
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Digital Research Infrastructures
European Open Science Cloud (EOSC)
OpenAIRE
DARIAH
ELIXIR
NFDI
SSHOC

description: On 7 June 2022, ENLIGHT RISE arranged a workshop on Digital Research Infrastructures with focus on the European Open Science Cloud (EOSC). Speakers from GÉANT as well as Ghent University, University of Göttingen and Uppsala University elaborated on engagement opportunities with the EOSC from perspectives such as life sciences, OpenAIRE, national research infrastructures and SSH. The workshop report is available on the ENLIGHT website.
Single-wavenumber Representation of Nonlinear Energy Spectrum in Elastic-Wave Turbulence of {F}öppl-von {K}ármán Equation: Energy Decomposition Analysis and Energy Budget
Creators: name: Yokoyama, Naoto
name: Takaoka, Masanori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chaotic Dynamics (nlin.CD)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A single-wavenumber representation of nonlinear energy spectrum, i.e., stretching energy spectrum is found in elastic-wave turbulence governed by the Föppl-von Kármán (FvK) equation. The representation enables energy decomposition analysis in the wavenumber space, and analytical expressions of detailed energy budget in the nonlinear interactions are obtained for the first time in wave turbulence systems. We numerically solved the FvK equation and observed the following facts. Kinetic and bending energies are comparable with each other at large wavenumbers as the weak turbulence theory suggests. On the other hand, the stretching energy is larger than the bending energy at small wavenumbers, i.e., the nonlinearity is relatively strong. The strong correlation between a mode $a_{\bm{k}}$ and its companion mode $a_{-\bm{k}}$ is observed at the small wavenumbers. Energy transfer shows that the energy is input into the wave field through stretching-energy transfer at the small wavenumbers, and dissipated through the quartic part of kinetic-energy transfer at the large wavenumbers. A total-energy flux consistent with the energy conservation is calculated directly by using the analytical expression of the total-energy transfer, and the forward energy cascade is observed clearly.
description: 11 pages, 4 figures
Poly-N-Acetylglucosamine Fibers Amplify the Effectiveness of Recombinant Factor VIIA on Clot Formation in Hemophilia B Canine Blood
Creators: name: Nichols, Timothy C.
name: Scull, Christopher M.
name: Demcheva, Marina
name: Fischer, Thomas H.
name: Smith, Carr J.
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 2011

description: Achieving hemostasis in anticoagulated patients is an increasingly important clinical issue. Poly-N-acetylglucosamine (pGlcNAc) nanofibers activate platelets by β3 subunit (CD61) and the von Willebrand receptor GP1b (CD42b) integrin signaling for generation of a prothrombotic surface membrane. Recombinant coagulation factor VIIa (rFVIIa) functions in hemophilia A and B by catalyzing formation of the Xa/Va complex on the surface of activated platelets. These observations suggest that pGlcNAc nanofibers may amplify the activity of rFVIIa in hemophilic blood.
Co-Localization of Audio Sources in Images Using Binaural Features and Locally-Linear Regression
Creators: name: Deleforge, Antoine
name: Horaud, Radu
name: Schechner, Yoav
name: Girin, Laurent
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Multimedia (cs.MM)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper addresses the problem of localizing audio sources using binaural measurements. We propose a supervised formulation that simultaneously localizes multiple sources at different locations. The approach is intrinsically efficient because, contrary to prior work, it relies neither on source separation, nor on monaural segregation. The method starts with a training stage that establishes a locally-linear Gaussian regression model between the directional coordinates of all the sources and the auditory features extracted from binaural measurements. While fixed-length wide-spectrum sounds (white noise) are used for training to reliably estimate the model parameters, we show that the testing (localization) can be extended to variable-length sparse-spectrum sounds (such as speech), thus enabling a wide range of realistic applications. Indeed, we demonstrate that the method can be used for audio-visual fusion, namely to map speech signals onto images and hence to spatially align the audio and visual modalities, thus enabling to discriminate between speaking and non-speaking faces. We release a novel corpus of real-room recordings that allow quantitative evaluation of the co-localization method in the presence of one or two sound sources. Experiments demonstrate increased accuracy and speed relative to several state-of-the-art methods.
description: 15 pages, 8 figures