cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Extended and symmetric loss of stability for canards in planar fast-slow maps
Creators: name: Engel, Maximilian
name: Jardón-Kojakhmetov, Hildeberto
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 34E15, 34E17, 37G10, 39A12

description: We study fast-slow maps obtained by discretization of planar fast-slow systems in continuous time. We focus on describing the so-called delayed loss of stability induced by the slow passage through a singularity in fast-slow systems. This delayed loss of stability can be related to the presence of canard solutions. Here we consider three types of singularities: transcritical, pitchfork, and fold. First, we show that under an explicit Runge-Kutta discretization the delay in loss of stability, due to slow passage through a transcritical or a pitchfork singularity, can be arbitrarily long. In contrast, we prove that under a Kahan-Hirota-Kimura discretization scheme, the delayed loss of stability related to all three singularities is completely symmetric in the linearized approximation, in perfect accordance with the continuous-time setting.
description: Several improvements
title: Public Attitudes Towards Asylum Seekers, Immigrants in the Workplace, Inflation, and Local Budgets: Evidence from a Representative Survey of the German Population
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: García, Israel
name: Méon, Pierre-Guillaume
name: Neumeier, Florian
name: Roth, Duncan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Local budgets
Inflation
Attitudes
Survey evidence
Migrating workers
Monetary policy
Asylum seekers
Germany

description: This paper provides background information and basic descriptive statistics for a representative survey of the German population conducted on our behalf by GfK in the first quarter of 2018. The survey covers various topics, including: 1) attitudes towards asylum seekers; 2) migrating workers in the workplace; 3) inflation and monetary policy; and 4) the role played by local budgets in local voting decisions. We also collect a broad range of socio-demographic and psychological indicators.
Understanding chicken BG genes at the RNA and protein levels
Creators: name: Chen, Lei
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: chicken BG genes
Butyrophilin family
alternative splicing
BG-Fc fusion proteins

description: The chicken BG system is a highly polymorphic and polygenic multigene family encoding type I transmembrane proteins, with butryophilins as homologues in mammals, some of which are crucial in T cell regulation. There are three genomic locations where BG genes are found: one singleton BG gene (BG0) on chromosome 2, another singleton gene (BG1) in BF-BL region (the so-called minimal essential chicken MHC) on chromosome 16, and many BG genes arranged tandemly in the BG region just outside the MHC. BG genes in BG region have copy number variation between different chicken haplotypes, so it has been unclear which BG genes are alleles, as very little sequence information has been available for haplotypes other than B12, the best characterized one. Also, the functions of chicken BG genes have been a mystery for half a century, although there is evidence for cytoskeletal regulation and for viral disease resistance. Therefore, the aim of the research was to develop new procedures and reagents to understand the BG system. A novel PCR protocol was established to overcome the difficulty of amplifying full length polymorphic BG transcripts, and then was applied to systematically examine the BG cDNA sequences from T cells and B cells of four different chicken haplotypes. In total 23 BG genes were found, most with alternative splicing isoforms; most strikingly, the transcripts potentially encoding soluble BG proteins were only seen in B cells, indicating functional differences of the same gene in T and B cells. By comparing the dominantly expressed BG genes as ‘functional alleles’ in these cells, only the cytoplasmic tail region is clearly seen to be under selection, based on the overwhelming preponderance of non-synonymous changes. With many other unexpected findings discovered in this project, a clearer picture of chicken BG genes is presented, and more questions were raised for future study. In order to explore BG functions and further characterize BG proteins, fourteen stable cell lines were developed expressing fusion proteins of the Ig-V domains of the 14 BG genes from the B12 haplotype chicken with the human IgG1 Fc fragment. These BG-Fc fusion proteins were used in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) to screen 290 BG monoclonal antibody (mAb) tissue culture supernatants, and these BG mAbs were further characterized for specificity by western blot using BG-Fc fusion proteins. These solid tools (BG-Fc fusion proteins and BG mAbs) provide the basis to further understand chicken BG functions and answer other interesting questions.
Numerical simulations of droplet dynamics through an orifice – pin system for pyroelectrodynamic shooting
Creators: name: Pentella Domenico
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Alzheimer; High Resolution Printing; Pyro-Electrohydrodynamic Dispenser

description: Questo lavoro di tesi nasce dalla collaborazione dell’Università di Napoli
 Federico II e l’Istituto di Scienze Applicate e Sistemi Intelligenti del
 Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (CNR-ISASI) per il progetto Europeo
 Comunitario SensApp, finanziato dall’European Union’s Horizon 2020
 research and innovation programme (Sovvenzionamento No 829104). Il
 progetto coinvolge anche altri partner, tra i quali: Vrije Universiteit
 Brussel VUB, Johannes Kepler University Linz JKU, Technical Research
 Centre of Finland VTT, Centro Neurolesi Pulejo Messina e Ginolis GIN.
 La finalità del progetto SensApp è lo sviluppo di un super-sensore per la
 diagnosi precoce dell’Alzeimher tramite prelievo di sangue, in particolare,
 in questa tesi, si eseguono delle simulazioni numeriche per modellare la
 dinamica di una goccia all’interno di un sistema orifizio–pin.
 Le simulazioni numeriche sono effettuate mediante un codice basato sul
 metodo dei volumi finiti (VOF) per fluidi Newtoniani e sono effettuate al
 variare di angoli di contatto, raggio della goccia, superficie di passaggio,
 viscosità cinematica, tensione superficiale e densità del liquido.
title: ECB vs Bundesbank: Diverging Tones and policy Effectiveness
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Tillmann, Peter
name: Walter, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Central bank communication
monetary transmission
Economics
Wirtschaft
diverging tones
speeches
text analysis

description: The present paper studies the consequences of conflicting narratives for the transmission of monetary policy shocks. We focus on conflict between the presidents of the ECB and the Bundesbank, the main protagonists of monetary policy in the euro area, who often disagreed on policy over the past two decades. This conflict received much attention on financial markets. We use over 900 speeches of both institutions' presidents since 1999 and quantify the tone conveyed in speeches and the divergence of tone among both both presidents. We find (i) a drop towards more negative tone in 2009 for both institutions and (ii) a large divergence of tone after 2009. The ECB communication becomes persistently more optimistic and less uncertain than the Bundesbank's after 2009, and this gap widens after the SMP, OMT and APP announcements. We show that long-term interest rates respond less strongly to a monetary policy shock if ECB-Bundesbank communication is more cacophonous than on average, in which case the ECB loses its ability to drive the slope of the yield curve. The weaker transmission under high divergence reflects a muted adjustment of the expectations component of long-term rates.
title: Survey on Germans’ Attitudes Towards and Knowledge of Monetary Policy Issues: Documentation of Survey Methodology and Descriptive Results
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Neuenkirch, Edith
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
Household survey ∙ Germany ∙ Monetary policy ∙ European Central Bank Public preferences ∙ Economic literacy

description: This paper provides background information, questionnaires, and basic descriptive statistics for a representative survey of the German population conducted on our behalf by GfK in 2011. Our aim is to discover the German public’s knowledge about the ECB specifically, and monetary policy in general. We also examine our respondents’ self-perception of their knowledge and how they use media relating to the topic. A detailed descriptive analysis reveals that the German public’s factual knowledge is far from perfect, and their self-perception of this knowledge is equally poor. The general public is reasonably interested in information about the ECB and mainly watches TV or reads newspapers to keep informed. We discover significant differences in knowledge and media use across socio-demographic subgroups. On average, male respondents and those with higher levels of education or income are more interested in the ECB, more knowledgeable about it, and more confident in their own knowledge.
title: Grants-in-aid and the prospect of re-election: The impact of EU funds on mayoral elections in Poland
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Banaszewska, Monika
name: Bischoff, Ivo
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: local elections
Economics
Wirtschaft
Poland
grants-in-aid
instrumental variable regressions
EU

description: We investigate whether grants-in-aid help the recipient government to get re-elected. We take Poland as our testing ground and analyze the impact of EU funds spent within a municipality on mayoral elections in 2010 and 2014. We employ an instrumental variables approach to account for the endogeneity of EU funds. Our results show that EU funds do not generally increase the mayors’ chance of reelection. We test whether the impact of EU funds is moderated by municipal characteristics. We find no moderating effect for the fiscal situation of municipalities but positive effects for human capital endowment and for the share of pro-European citizens. These results suggest that the political incentives inherent do not help to concentrate EU funds in regions where there is a particular need to foster economic development, nor do they help to direct funds to municipalities where the potential to reconcile EU sceptics is high.
title: The Labor Market Effects of Trade Union Heterogeneity
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: de Pinto, Marco
name: Michaelis, Jochen
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Unemployment
International Trade
Firm Heterogeneity
Trade Unions
Economics
Wirtschaft
Bargaining Power

description: Empirical evidence suggests that the bargaining power of trade unions
differs across firms and sectors. Standard models of unionization ignore this
pattern by assuming a uniform bargaining strength. In this paper, we incorporate union heterogeneity into a Melitz (2003) type model. Union bargaining power is assumed to be firm-specific and varies with firm productivity. This framework allows us to re-analyze the labor market effects of (i) a symmetric increase in the bargaining power of all unions and (ii) trade liberalization. We show that union heterogeneity unambiguously reduces the negative employment effects of stronger unions. Firm-specific bargaining power creates a link between unionization and the entry and exit of firms, implying a reduction of the unions' expected bargaining power. Moreover, union heterogeneity constitutes an (un)employment effect of trade liberalization. If unions are most powerful in the high-productivity (low-productivity) firms, trade liberalization will increase (decrease) unemployment.
title: Unconventional Monetary Policy and Bank Risk-Taking in the Euro Area
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schmidth, Jörg
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: bank risk-taking
credit standards
bank lending survey
Economics
Wirtschaft
monetary policy
euro area

description: This paper studies risk-taking by European banks. After an overview about the banking landscape in the euro area, we construct a measure of risk-taking which relates changes in three month ahead expected credit standards for several non-financial private sector categories to the risk of the macroeconomic environment banks operate in. With this approach we want to tackle the question if credit standards react disproportionately strong to changes in the monetary policy stance. We use an estimated bond market based measure to assess the overall riskiness prevailing in the economy. With this approach we want to shed some light on whether banks act excessively risky and provide new evidence as well as an alternative assessment on the amplifying nature of the risk-taking channel of monetary policy. We put our measure into a VAR model in which structural innovations are identified with sign restrictions. The key outcomes of this paper are the following: expansionary monetary policy shocks decrease our measure of risk-taking. Decreases in our measure are caused by disproportionately strong reactions in credit standards compared to the overall macroeconomic risk, especially during the recent financial crisis. Disproportionately in the sense that our macroeconomic risk measure is less affected by expansionary monetary policy shocks than credit standards. The credit granting reaction depends on the category: In general, loans to non-financial corporations are less sensitive to monetary policy shocks while mortgages seem to be affected more. We conclude that expansionary monetary policy shifts the portfolio of banks to overall riskier asset holdings.
Dossier sur la gavotte
Creators: name: Buard, M.
name: Lancelot, Francine
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: Source: http://www.calames.abes.fr/pub/ms/FileId-3413
description: created: ca 1970
Collapsar Uncorking and Jet Eruption in GRB
Creators: name: Waxman, E.
name: Meszaros, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We show that the collapsar model of gamma-ray bursts results in a series of successive shocks and rarefaction waves propagating in the "cork" of stellar material being pushed ahead of the jet, as it emerges from the massive stellar progenitor. These shocks result in a series of characteristic, increasingly shorter and harder thermal X-ray pulses, as well as a non-thermal gamma-ray pulse, which precede the usual non-thermal MeV gamma-rays. We consider jets escaping from both compact (CO or He dwarf) and blue supergiant stellar progenitors. The period, fluence and hardness of the pulses serves as a diagnostic for the size and density of the outer envelope of the progenitor star.
description: Illustrative figures and expanded discussion of derivations added. Accepted for publication in ApJ
MOESM1 of Patterns of brain structural alteration in COPD with different levels of pulmonary function impairment and its association with cognitive deficits
Creators: name: Minmin Yin
name: Haibao Wang
name: Xianwei Hu
name: Xiaoshu Li
name: Guanghe Fei
name: Yongqiang Yu
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Neuroscience
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Brain areas with significant inter-group differences in GMD according to analysis of variance. Table S2. Brain areas with significant GMD decreases in severe and moderate COPD patients. Table S3. Correlation analysis between WM parameters and (MoCA scores and FEV1) in COPD.
D14-LIKE: An essential protein for the establishment of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis
Creators: name: Summers, William
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Plant biology
subject: Symbiosis
subject: Arbuscular mycorrhizae
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Plant-microbe interactions
subject: Molecular biology
subject: Rice

description: Low nutrition availability in the soil can be a major limitation of plant growth. To improve nutrient acquisition, the majority of land plants engage in symbiosis with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. The accommodation of fungal colonisation structures in the roots requires their radical reprogramming. This starts during pre-symbiotic communication, where signals are exchanged between the fungus and plant across the rhizosphere. The receptor D14-LIKE emerged as a vital component of this pre-symbiotic communication when it was found to be absolutely required for symbiosis in rice. However, the broader relevance of the receptor, both in terms of functional conservation across plant species and its relation to other pre-symbiotic plant signalling components, remained unclear. The aim of this thesis was to elucidate these two key points. To address the fragmented picture of fungal signals, plant receptors and signalling pathways, a large scale transcriptomic experiment in rice was conducted to tie D14L together with other distinct pre-symbiotic components. In the absence of D14L-mediated signalling, rice was found to be compromised in the perception of germinated spore exudates, as well as specific chitinaceous signals, meaning that normal transcriptional reprogramming could not be achieved in response to any of these treatments. In addition, the functional conservation of D14L signalling was explored using trans-species complementation experiments. It was found that the Arabidopsis homolog AtKAI2 could complement the developmental phenotype of the d14l rice mutant, but not symbiosis. Likewise, D14La from early diverging Marchantia polymorpha and Marachantia paleacea could rescue developmental phenotypes in d14l rice, but again failed to complement symbiosis. This demonstrated a functional separation between developmental and symbiotic signalling. The data generated during my PhD foster D14L as a central node for multiple inputs to pre-symbiotic reprogramming, and provides new insights into pre-symbiotic communication mechanisms which are required for the successful establishment of symbiosis.
description: BBSRC
Mitochondrial function in atherosclerosis and vascular smooth muscle cells
Creators: name: Reinhold, Johannes
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Atherosclerosis
Mitochondria
vascular smooth muscle cells

description: Abstract Mitochondrial function in atherosclerosis and vascular smooth muscle cells Johannes Reinhold Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death in the Western world. Although mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) damage has been implicated in atherosclerosis, it is unclear whether the damage is sufficient to impair mitochondrial respiration, and mitochondrial dysfunction has not been demonstrated. Treatment of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) with an atherogenic lipid, oxidised low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL), dose dependently decreased basal and maximal respiration and fat-feeding of apolipoprotein E deficient (ApoE-/-) mice reduced mitochondrial DNA copy number relative to nuclear DNA in aortas. Mitochondrial respiration of ApoE-/- mouse aortas, assessed through a 24-well Seahorse extracellular flux analyser, was not affected prior to the development of atherosclerotic plaques. Developed human carotid atherosclerotic plaques were dissected into defined regions including healthy media, shoulder region, fibrous cap and core and their respiration was investigated. The respiratory reserve capacity (RRC) of the shoulder region was similar to the media. However, the cap RRC was significantly reduced compared to healthy media. In contrast, the extracellular acidification rates (ECAR) of the media, shoulder, cap and core regions were similar. In addition, mtDNA copy number was significantly reduced in tissues derived from human plaques compared to healthy arteries and expression of complexes I and II of the electron transfer chain (ETC) were significantly reduced in plaque VSMCs. OxLDL induced mitophagy in human VSMCs and plaque VSMCs demonstrated increased levels of mitophagy without compensatory upregulation of proteins involved in mitochondrial biogenesis. Understanding the role of mitochondrial metabolism and signalling is important for our understanding of disease progression and may lead to future therapeutic targets.
Irreversibility and Polymer Adsorption
Creators: name: O'Shaughnessy, Ben
name: Vavylonis, Dimitrios
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Physisorption or chemisorption from dilute polymer solutions often entails irreversible polymer-surface bonding. We present a theory of the non-equilibrium layers which result. While the density profile and loop distribution are the same as for equilibrium layers, the final layer comprises a tightly bound inner part plus an outer part whose chains make only fN surface contacts where N is chain length. The contact fractions f follow a broad distribution, P(f) ~ f^{-4/5}, in rather close agreement with strong physisorption experiments [H. M. Schneider et al, Langmuir v.12, p.994 (1996)].
description: 4 pages, submitted to Phys. Rev. Lett
title: Bridging the Gap - how Effective are Remedial Math Courses in Germany?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Büchele, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Almost all German universities complain that the math skills of
students entering the higher education system do not equal the math
skills that are demanded by the universities. To bridge the gap, almost
all universities offer some remedial math courses. However, there is
only weak empirical evidence for the effectiveness of these courses in
Germany. This paper aims to fill this gap by evaluating some math
bridging courses given at the Economics Department of the University
of Kassel. A key finding: taking a math bridging course on a regular
basis will enhance students' math skills and increase the probability of
passing the final math exam by 35 percent.
title: Do remittance flows promote financial inclusion?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Machasio, Immaculate
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Remittances
Economics
Wirtschaft
Financial inclusion
Instrumental variables.

description: In this paper, we evaluate whether remittances promote financial inclu-
sion in developing countries. We construct an index of financial inclusion and
present single equation estimates of the effects of remittances on financial in-
clusion. The paper uses data on remittance ows to 61 developing countries from different regions around the world spanning from 1990-2014 to explore this nexus. The study uses fixed effects estimations as well as GMM IV es-
timation method of panel data econometric analysis. The regression results
confirm the hypothesis that remittances have an impact on financial inclusion
through their effect on financial sector development. This can be intuitively
explained by the fact that sending and receiving remittances increase senders
and recipients use of financial services. The study shows that indeed remit-
tances increase financial inclusion by about 2.49%. Remittances can therefore be considered a catalyst of financial inclusion in development.
Investigating the mechanisms and the temporal regulation of the first cell polarity establishment in the mouse embryo
Creators: name: Zhu, Meng
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: Cell polarity
Cell fate
Mouse embryo
Preimplantation
Developmental biology
Zygotic genome activation

description: Embryonic cells of many species polarise and the cell polarity is often important for the normal developmental progression. In the mouse embryo, the prototype of epithelial cell polarity, namely apico-basal polarisation, become established at the 2.5 days’ post-fertilisation, when the embryos are at the 8-cell stage. The formation of apical domain is necessary and sufficient for the first segregation of extra-embryonic and embryonic cell lineages, as well as the following up morphogenetic transitions, such as the blastocyst formation. This study aims to explore the molecular pathways triggering the first cell polarity establishment in the mouse embryo, and to reveal the mechanism that programmes the timing of this event in the mouse embryo. The results showed that cell polarity establishment during the 8-cell stage development can be divided into two major phases: in the first phase actomyosin complex became polarised to the cell-contact free surface; and in the second phase apical proteins recruited to the actomyosin enriched cell-contact free cortex, they further became centralised in the cell-contact free surface, excluding the local actomyosin meshwork, resulting in the formation of actomyosin ring. The activation and assembly of actomyosin meshwork during the first phase, but not its contractility, was essential for apical protein recruitment. Factors responsible for actin cytoskeleton reorganisation included Phospholipase C (PLC) – Protein Kinase C (PKC) pathway components, they directly activated actomyosin in the first phase through the Rho proteins such as RhoA. Further results showed that the apical protein centralisation step required a proximate transcriptional input that was induced by two transcription factors, Tfap2c and Tead4. RNAi and Genetic depletion of these two factors prevented apical protein centralisation and the final apical domain assembly. The protein expression profile indicated that Tfap2c and Tead4 expression, and therefore their activity, were induced by zygotic genome activation. Significantly, overexpression of Tfap2c, Tead4, together with constitutively activated Rho proteins were sufficient to advance the timing of apical domain formation, indicating that the timer of cell polarity establishment at the 8-cell stage is set by the Rho proteins activation, and the zygotic transcriptional accumulation of Tfap2c and Tead4. Together, these results characterised the molecular events during the cell polarity establishment at the 8-cell stage mouse embryo, and identified the timing regulation of this event.
Glass transition in systems without static correlations: a microscopic theory
Creators: name: Schilling, Rolf
name: Szamel, Grzegorz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a first step toward a microscopic theory for the glass transition in systems with trivial static correlations. As an example we have chosen N infinitely thin hard rods with length L, fixed with their centers on a periodic lattice with lattice constant a. Starting from the N-rod Smoluchowski equation we derive a coupled set of equations for fluctuations of reduced k-rod densities. We approximate the influence of the surrounding rods onto the dynamics of a pair of rods by introduction of an effective rotational diffusion tensor D and in this way we obtain a self-consistent equation for D. This equation exhibits a feedback mechanism leading to a slowing down of the relaxation. It involves as an input the Laplace transform v_0(l/r) at z=0, l=L/a, of a torque-torque correlator of an isolated pair of rods with distance R=ar. Our equation predicts the existence of a continuous ergodicity-breaking transition at a critical length l_c=L_c/a. To estimate the critical length we perform an approximate analytical calculation of v_0(l/r) based on a variational approach and obtain l_c^{var}=5.68, 4.84 and 3.96 for an sc, bcc and fcc lattice. We also evaluate v_0(l/r) numerically exactly from a two-rod simulation. The latter calculation leads to l_c^{num}=3.45, 2.78 and 2.20 for the corresponding lattices. Close to l_c the rotational diffusion constant decreases as D(l) ~ (l_c - l)^γwith γ=1 and a diverging time scale t_ε~ |l_c - l|^{-δ}, δ=2, appears. On this time scale the t- and l-dependence of the 1-rod density is determined by a master function depending only on t/t_ε. In contrast to present microscopic theories our approach predicts a glass transition despite the absence of any static correlations.
description: 22 pages, 7 figures (minor revisions in the text, corrected figures)
Potential Economic Impacts of the Managed Haying and Grazing Provision of the Conservation Reserve Program
Creators: name: Campiche, Jody L.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Shideler, David W.
name: Dickson, Amanda
name: Campiche, Jody L.
name: Dicks, Michael R.
name: Shideler, David W.
name: Dickson, Amanda
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Agribusiness
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Conservation Reserve Program
subject: Farm Service Agency
subject: managed haying and grazing provision

description: The Food Security and Rural Investment Act of 2002 included a new provision that allowed managed haying and grazing (including the harvest of biomass), if consistent with the conservation of soil, water quality, and wildlife habitat, in return for partial reductions in the annual CRP payments. The legislation provided for managed (or limited use) haying and grazing on the CRP acreage rather than prohibiting all use. This research analyzed whether or not the alternative grazing and haying scenarios would dramatically impact the price of beef or hay, and we estimated the impact such changes would have on state economies.
Additional file 3: of Contrast-induced acute kidney injury and adverse clinical outcomes risk in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: George, Kaisha
name: Luo, Ran
name: Cheng, Yichun
name: Shang, Weifeng
name: Ge, Shuwang
name: Xu, Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Marine Biology
Science Policy

description: Other related characteristics of included studies. (PDF 204 kb)
MOESM1 of A multiple classifier system identifies novel cannabinoid CB2 receptor ligands
Creators: name: Ruano-OrdÃ¡S, David
name: Burggraaff, Lindsey
name: Rongfang Liu
name: Horst, Cas
name: Heitman, Laura
name: Emmerich, Michael
name: Mendez, Jose
name: Yevseyeva, Iryna
name: Westen, Gerard
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Science Policy

description: Additional file 1. Physicochemical descriptors comprising CB2Set.
title: Heterogeneous preferences and the individual change to alternative electricity contracts
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Ziegler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: behavioral factors
Economics
Wirtschaft
individual values and norms
green electricity
Switching electricity contracts
artefactual field experiments

description: Based on data from a large-scale computer-based survey among more than 3700 German citizens, this paper empirically disentangles the determinants of the general change of elec-tricity contracts and the specific change to green electricity contracts. Our econometric analysis reveals a strong relevance of behavioral factors and individual values and norms. For example, patience (which was measured by an incentivized experiment included in the survey) has a significantly positive effect on both general switches to alternative electricity contracts and specific switches to green electricity contracts. Furthermore, trust and (less robust) social preferences (also measured by an incentivized experiment) have additional significantly positive effects on the specific change to green electricity contracts. Our esti-mation results also imply an important role of political identification, i.e. an ecological policy orientation is strongly significantly positively correlated with the change to green electricity contracts. Furthermore, several household specific factors like relocation deci-sions as well as socio-demographic and socio-economic variables like household income are also relevant. The empirical analysis thus provides new explanation patterns for the phenomenon that relatively few households regularly change their electricity contracts and specifically switch to green electricity contracts, although they have high stated prefer-ences for such changes. Our insights suggest several directions for policy and electricity suppliers to increase these switching rates. For example, the high importance of trust for the change to green electricity contracts suggests transparency initiatives of electricity sup-pliers to decrease concerns against renewable energies.
title: Sectoral FDI and the Real Exchange Rate: The Role of Financial Development
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Frenzel Baudisch, Coletta
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: Dynamic Panel Data Models
Economics
Wirtschaft
Sectoral Foreign Direct Investment
Capital Inflows
Financial Market Development

description: Increasing FDI inflows into a booming sector resulting in an appreciation of the real exchange rate may entail further capital inflows and greater appreciation pressure on the real exchange rate up to an abrupt reversal of the capital (Botta, 2015). The macroeconomic instability of such boom-and-bust cycles is detrimental to economic growth, as is the appreciated real exchange rate. This paper applies dynamic system generalized methods of moments (GMM) estimation techniques to empirically find different effects of foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows into the main economic sectors on the real exchange rate in a panel of 66 developing and developed economies. While the effect of FDI in the primary sector appears to be insignificant, FDI in the manufacturing and in the service sector lead to a real depreciation and a real appreciation respectively. Furthermore, evidence suggests that financial sector development may help in dampening the real exchange rate movements induced by FDI in the latter two sectors, as well as distinctly attenuates the real appreciation effect of other capital inflows. Hence, deep financial markets seem to contribute to the mitigation of macroeconomic instability in consequence of capital inflows.
Understanding the Solid Electrolyte Interphase Formed on Si Anodes in Lithium Ion Batteries
Creators: name: Jin, Yanting
Publisher: name: Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
Year: 2019
Subjects: lithium ion batteries
nuclear magnetic resonance
solid electrolyte interphase

description: The main aim of this thesis is to reveal the chemical structures of the solid-liquid interphase in lithium ion batteries by NMR spectroscopy in order to understand the working mechanism of electrolyte additives for achieving stable cycling performance. In the first part, a combination of solution and solid-state NMR techniques, including dynamic nuclear polarization (DNP) are employed to monitor the formation of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on next-generation, high-capacity Si anodes in conventional carbonate electrolytes with and without fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) additives. A model system of silicon nanowire (SiNW) electrode is used to avoid interference from the polymeric binder. To facilitate characterization via one- and two-dimensional NMR, ^13C-enriched FEC was synthesized and used, ultimately allowing a detailed structural assignment of the organic SEI. FEC is found to first defluorinated to form soluble vinylene carbonate (VC) and vinoxyl species, which react to form both soluble and insoluble branched ethylene-oxide-based polymers. In the second part, the same methodology is applied to study the decomposition products of pure FEC or VC electrolytes containing 1 M LiPF_6. The pure FEC/VC system simplifies the electrolyte solvent formulation and avoids the interaction between different solvent molecules. Polymeric SEIs formed in pure FEC or VC electrolytes consist mainly of cross-linked PEO and aliphatic chain functionalities along with additional carbonate and carboxylate species. The presence of cross-linked PEO-type polymers in FEC and VC correlates with good capacity retention and high Coulombic efficiencies of the SiNWs anode. Using ^29Si DNP NMR, the interfacial region between SEI and the Si surface was probed for the first time with NMR spectroscopy. Organosiloxanes form upon cycling, confirming that some of the organic SEI is covalently bonded to the Si surface. It is suggested that both the polymeric structure of the SEI and the nature of its adhesion to the redox-active materials are important for electrochemical performance. Finally, the soluble decomposition products of EC formed during electrochemical cycling have been thoroughly analyzed by solution NMR and mass spectrometry, in order to explain the capacity-fading of Si anodes in a conventional EC-based electrolyte and address questions that arose when studying the additive-containing electrolytes. The detailed structures for the EC-degradation products are determined: a linear oligomer consist of ethylene oxide and carbonate units is observed as the major degradation product of EC.
description: Cambridge Trust and Chinese Scholarship Council
title: Social Capital and Innovation – Can Social Trust Explain the Technological Innovation of the High-performing East Asian Eonomies?
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Cho, Seo-Young
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: social capital
competition
social values
high-performing East Asian economies
social trust
social norms
Economics
Wirtschaft
innovation; entrepreneurship

description: The economic success and innovative outcomes of the high performing East Asian countries, albeit often characterized as low-trust societies, suggests reexamination of the presumed positive relationship between social trust and innovation. Multi-level analyses conducted in this paper reveal that the role of social capital in innovation is different in East Asia. Shared social norms such as growth primacy and reciprocity and values of accepting competition and performance-based incentives are the most essential driving-force of innovation in the East Asian countries, whereas social trust does not play a positive role there. The importance of the shared social norms and collective goals can be explained by the prominent role of the state in the East Asian development.
Cosmological SPH simulations: A hybrid multi-phase model for star formation
Creators: name: Springel, Volker
name: Hernquist, Lars
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a model for star formation and supernova feedback that describes the multi-phase structure of star forming gas on scales that are typically not resolved in cosmological simulations. Our approach includes radiative heating and cooling, the growth of cold clouds embedded in an ambient hot medium, star formation in these clouds, feedback from supernovae in the form of thermal heating and cloud evaporation, galactic winds and outflows, and metal enrichment. Implemented using SPH, our scheme is a significantly modified and extended version of the grid-based method of Yepes et al. (1997), and enables us to achieve high dynamic range in simulations of structure formation. We discuss properties of the feedback model in detail and show that it predicts a self-regulated, quiescent mode of star formation, which, in particular, stabilises the star forming gaseous layers of disk galaxies. The parameterisation of this mode can be reduced to a single free quantity which determines the overall timescale for star formation. We fix this parameter to match the observed rates of star formation in local disk galaxies. When normalised in this manner, cosmological simulations nevertheless overproduce the observed cosmic abundance of stellar material. We are thus motivated to extend our feedback model to include galactic winds associated with star formation. Using small-scale simulations of individual star-forming disk galaxies, we show that these winds produce either galactic fountains or outflows, depending on the depth of the gravitational potential. Moreover, outflows from galaxies in these simulations drive chemical enrichment of the intergalactic medium, in principle accounting for the presence of metals in the Lyman alpha forest. (abridged)
description: submitted to MNRAS, 25 pages, version with high-resolution figures available at http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/~volker/paper_multiphase/
title: Empirical analysis of the decisions of the German citizens for environmental protection distinguishing between reward and public award: Results from a survey among citizens in a small German city
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Jeleskovic, Vahidin
name: Bergholz, Christian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2018
Subjects: logit
Economics
Wirtschaft
reward.
Self-motivated voluntary environmental protection
award

description: The core questions of this paper are: What are the determinants for the provisions of some public goods like environmental protection work by citizens and how can this work be delegated to the citizens? On the basis of a survey's micro data, we show which motives are relevant to the choice between a public award with no monetary value and a symbolic payment of €10. For these purposes, we apply the binary choice models. The results reveal several significant impacts where the age as continuous variable shows a stable quadratic-like shape with firstly decreasing and then increasing vigilance for moneyless participation in environmental protection regarding the age of a person. The intrinsic motivation itself seems to be another crucial positive factor. For example, the higher planed hypothetic free time measured in hypothetic hours for environmental protection, the higher the probability that this individual indeed would do it. Moreover, the one's reputation may influence positively the honorary contribution to environmental protection. On the other hand, the probability for an active honorary environmental protection is smaller by young people in training and in absence of social situations. Interestingly, we found that the gender plays no significant role in this context. Hence, we can provide an elaboration of an incentive system for environmental commitment of Kassel's citizens which can be a base for further regional economic policy in this context.
Effects of Environmental Regulation and Urban Encroachment on California’s Dairy Structure
Creators: name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
name: Sneeringer, Stacy E.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Farm Management
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: dairy
subject: differences-in-differences
subject: environment
subject: livestock
subject: regulation

description: Environmental regulatory compliance costs are often cited as a factor in dairy location decisions, but few studies estimate the impacts of regulation in this sector. This article uses California dairy regulations to examine the pollution haven hypothesis in agriculture. Dairy industry regulation has varied regionally within the state, with the more strictly regulated Southern California region losing production and the more environmentally lenient Central Valley gaining production. Results show that even after controlling for population density and property values, regulation had significant negative effects on dairying in Southern California.
Additional file 4: of Contrast-induced acute kidney injury and adverse clinical outcomes risk in acute coronary syndrome patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: a meta-analysis
Creators: name: Yang, Yi
name: George, Kaisha
name: Luo, Ran
name: Cheng, Yichun
name: Shang, Weifeng
name: Ge, Shuwang
name: Xu, Gang
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: Medicine
Cell Biology
Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
Developmental Biology
Marine Biology
Science Policy
Hematology

description: Adjusted confounders in each included study. (PDF 243 kb)
Structural insights on binding mechanism of CAD complexes (CPSase, ATCase and DHOase)
Creators: name: Kanagarajan, Surekha
name: Prabhu Dhamodharan
name: Nachiappan Mutharasappan
name: Choubey, Sanjay Kumar
name: Prajisha Jayaprakash
name: Biswal, Jayashree
name: Jeyakanthan Jeyaraman
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Genetics
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway enzymes constitute an important target for the development of antitumor drugs. To understand the role of binding mechanisms underlying the inborn errors of pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway, structure and function of enzymes have been analyzed. Pyrimidine biosynthetic pathway is initiated by CAD enzymes that harbor the first three enzymatic activities facilitated by Carbamoyl Phosphate Synthetase (CPSase), Aspartate Transcarbamoylase (ATCase) and Dihydroorotase (DHOase). While being an attractive therapeutic target, the lack of data driven us to study the CPSase (CarA and CarB) and its mode of binding to ATCase and DHOase which are the major limitation for its structural optimization. Understanding the binding mode of CPSase, ATCase and DHOase could help to identify the potential interface hotspot residues that favor the mechanism behind it. The mechanistic insight into the CAD complexes were achieved through Molecular modeling, Protein-Protein docking, Alanine scanning and Molecular dynamics (MD) Studies. The hotspot residues present in the CarB region of carboxy phosphate and carbamoyl phosphate synthetic domains are responsible for the assembly of CAD (CPSase-ATCase-DHOase) complexes. Overall analysis suggests that the identified hotspot residues were confirmed by alanine scanning and important for the regulation of pyrimidine biosynthesis. MD simulations analysis provided the prolonged stability of the interacting complexes. The present study reveals the novel hotspot residues such as Glu134, Glu147, Glu154, Asp266, Lys269, Glu274, Asp333, Trp459, Asp526, Asp528, Glu533, Glu544, Glu546, Glu800, Val855, Asp877, Tyr884 and Gln919 which could be targeted for structure-based inhibitor design to potentiate the CAD mediated regulation of aggressive tumors. Communicated by Ramaswamy H. Sarma