cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Indoor risk factors for asthma and wheezing among Seattle school children
Creators: name: Maier, W C
name: Arrighi, H M
name: Llewellyn, C
name: Redding, G J
name: Morray, B
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Indoor risk factors for physician-diagnosed asthma and wheezing in the past 12 months without previous asthma diagnosis were assessed in a survey of parents of 5-9-year-old Seattle primary school students. Among the 925 respondents, 106 (11%) reported a physician diagnosis of asthma, 66 (7%) had wheezing without diagnosis, and 753 (82%) were asymptomatic. After adjusting for age, sex, gender, ethnicity, medical history, socioeconomic status (SES) and parental asthma status, an increased risk of physician diagnosis of asthma was associated with household water damage, the presence of one or more household tobacco smokers, and at least occasional environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure. Similarly, an increased risk of wheezing in the past 12 months among children without diagnosed asthma was associated with household water damage, presence of one or more household tobacco smokers, and occasional or more frequent ETS exposure. No increased risk of either condition was associated with gas, wood, or kerosene stove use, household mold, basement water, or wall/window dampness. Similarities in the indoor risk factors patterns between diagnosed asthma and wheezing without diagnosis suggested a similar etiology of these two conditions. The slightly higher association between ETS and asthma may indicate that parents of diagnosed asthmatics were more conscious of ETS, and were more likely to prohibit household smoking by resident smokers. Future research is needed to quantify which aspects of household water damage are related to respiratory illness.
title: Artificial Intelligence Reveals Distinct Prognostic Subgroups of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer on Histology Images
Creators: name: Eminaga, Okyaz
name: Leyh-Bannurah, Sami-Ramzi
name: Shariat, Shahrokh F.
name: Krabbe, Laura-Maria
name: Lau, Hubert
name: Xing, Lei
name: Abbas, Mahmoud
Publisher: name: University of Muenster, Institutional Repository MIAMI
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: 610 Medicine and health

description: Muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) is a highly heterogeneous and costly disease with significant morbidity and mortality. Understanding tumor histopathology leads to tailored therapies and improved outcomes. In this study, we employed a weakly supervised learning and neural architecture search to develop a data-driven scoring system. This system aimed to capture prognostic histopathological patterns observed in H&E-stained whole-slide images. We constructed and externally validated our scoring system using multi-institutional datasets with 653 whole-slide images. Additionally, we explored the association between our scoring system, seven histopathological features, and 126 molecular signatures. Through our analysis, we identified two distinct risk groups with varying prognoses, reflecting inherent differences in histopathological and molecular subtypes. The adjusted hazard ratio for overall mortality was 1.46 (95% CI 1.05–2.02; z: 2.23; p = 0.03), thus identifying two prognostic subgroups in high-grade MIBC. Furthermore, we observed an association between our novel digital biomarker and the squamous phenotype, subtypes of miRNA, mRNA, long non-coding RNA, DNA hypomethylation, and several gene mutations, including FGFR3 in MIBC. Our findings underscore the risk of confounding bias when reducing the complex biological and clinical behavior of tumors to a single mutation. Histopathological changes can only be fully captured through comprehensive multi-omics profiles. The introduction of our scoring system has the potential to enhance daily clinical decision making for MIBC. It facilitates shared decision making by offering comprehensive and precise risk stratification, treatment planning, and cost-effective preselection for expensive molecular characterization.
description: Finanziert durch den Open-Access-Publikationsfonds der Universität Münster.
Nonequilibrium enhancement of high-temperature superconductivity in a 3D model of cuprates
Creators: name: Raines, Zachary M.
name: Stanev, Valentin
name: Galitski, Victor M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent experiments in the cuprates have seen evidence of a transient superconducting state upon optical excitation polarized along the c-axis [R. Mankowsky et al., Nature 516, 71 (2014)]. Motivated by these experiments we propose an extension of the single-layer $t-J-V$ model of cuprates to three dimensions in order to study the effects of inter-plane tunneling on the competition between superconductivity and bond density wave order. We find that an optical pump can suppress the charge order and simultaneously enhance superconductivity, due to the inherent competition between the two. We also provide an intuitive picture of the physical mechanism underlying this effect. Furthermore, based on a simple Floquet theory we estimate the magnitude of the enhancement.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Pesticides and childhood cancers
Creators: name: Daniels, J L
name: Savitz, D A
name: Olshan, A F
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: To evaluate the possible association between pesticides and the risk of childhood cancers, epidemiologic studies published between 1970 and 1996 were critically reviewed. Thirty-one studies investigated whether occupational or residential exposure to pesticides by either parents or children was related to increased risk of childhood cancer. In general, the reported relative risk estimates were modest. Risk estimates appeared to be stronger when pesticide exposure was measured in more detail. Frequent occupational exposure to pesticides or home pesticide use was more strongly associated with both childhood leukemia and brain cancer than either professional exterminations or the use of garden pesticides. Occupational pesticide exposure was also associated with increased risk of Wilms' tumor, Ewing's sarcoma, and germ cell tumors. Residence on a farm, a proxy for pesticide exposure, was associated with increased risk of a number of childhood cancers. Although increased risk of some childhood cancers in association with pesticide exposure is suggested by multiple studies, methodological limitations common to many studies restrict conclusions; these include indirect exposure classification, small sample size, and potential biases in control selection. Opportunities for methodologic improvement in future studies of pesticides and childhood cancers are described.
Transferability of Budgets for Community Services
Creators: name: Kuehn, John A.
name: Nelson, Marlys K.
name: Kuehn, John A.
name: Nelson, Marlys K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1981
Subjects: subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Public Economics
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: Budgeting
subject: Community services
subject: Cost estimates
subject: Decisionmaking

description: This report investigates the applicability of transferring estimates of needs, capital costs, and operating costs for specific community services in one area to another area. Based upon studies of rural water systems and rural fire protection services completed by the ERS local decisions project and Oklahoma State University, estimates of needs are area-specific. Estimates of costs are also area-specific unless the areas are very similar and within the same general region of the United States.
Phenolphthalein-containing laxative use in relation to adenomatous colorectal polyps in three studies
Creators: name: Longnecker, M P
name: Sandler, R S
name: Sandler, D P
name: Haile, R W
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Phenolphthalein, the active ingredient in many laxatives, was recently found to be a carcinogen in animal models. Human data suggest a laxative-colon cancer association, but few data specifically address the effects of phenolthalein-containing laxatives. We examined use of phenolphtalein-containing laxatives in relation to occurrence of adenomatous colorectal polyps in data from three case-control studies. The study conducted in Los Angeles, California (1991-1993), and the two studies conducted in North Carolina (1988-1990 and 1992-1995) altogether included 866 cases and 1,066 controls. The prevalence of using phenolphthalein-containing laxatives at least once a week in the recent past, however, was less than 5% among these subjects. The multivariate-adjusted odds ratios associated with recent use of phenolphthalein-containing laxatives once a week or more were 1.8 -95% confidence interval (CI), 0.5-6.2] in Los Angeles, 1.0 (CI, 0.4-2.2) in North Carolina (1988-1990), and 1.1 (CI, 0.2-5.7) in North Carolina (1992-1995). For use of other types of laxatives, the corresponding odds ratios were 1.3 (CI, 0.9-1.9) in Los Angeles, 1.0 (CI, 0.5-1.7) in North Carolina (1988-1990), and 0.9 (CI, 0.4-1.8) in North Carolina (1992-1995). Although the low prevalence of frequent use made for relatively wide confidence intervals, overall these data suggest that use of phenolphthalein-containing laxatives does not increase risk of adenomatous colorectal polyps.
Distributed Stochastic Approximation: Weak Convergence and Network Design
Creators: name: Stanković, Miloš S.
name: Ilić, Nemanja
name: Stanković, Srdjan S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: This paper studies distributed stochastic approximation algorithms based on broadcast gossip on communication networks represented by digraphs. Weak convergence of these algorithms is proved, and an associated ordinary differential equation (ODE) is formulated connecting convergence points with local objective functions and network properties. Using these results, a methodology is proposed for network design, aimed at achieving the desired asymptotic behavior at consensus. Convergence rate of the algorithm is also analyzed and further improved using an attached stochastic differential equation. Simulation results illustrate the theoretical concepts.
Considerations on an Optical Test of Popper's Experiment
Creators: name: Reintjes, J.
name: Bashkansky, Mark
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed analysis of a previously published realization of Popper's experiment using entangled ghost imaging. Our analysis, which is based on optical diffraction integrals, shows that, for the configuration previously described, the transverse spread of an unmeasured particle (the signal photon here) does not increase in inverse proportion to the width of its virtual confinement when its entangled twin is confined in transverse dimension by a physical slit. Rather we show that the spread of the unmeasured particle carries no dependence on the width of its virtual confinement in the published configuration. Instead, it spreads geometrically at a rate determined by the numerical aperture of the ghost imaging system. We further propose an alternative configuration for which the spread of the unmeasured particle does increase in inverse proportion to the width of its virtual confinement. We discuss the relation of these results to the predictions of Popper.
Two Wave Missing Data with Refreshment Sample and Free Knot Spline in Semiparametric Regression
Creators: name: Graetz, Elena Elisa
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Spline techniques are applied to construct confidence bands in generalized regression model with flexible knot location and to estimate the component function specified in the missingness probability in a 2-wave attrition model. In spline approximation, knot location is critical to capture turning points and changing trends in the data. A free knot spline with flexible location parameter is proposed to optimize in generalized regression. Free knots may lead to the so called lethargy property, the slow convergence to replicate knots. A Jupp transformation is applied as well as a multiplicative penalty term, penalizing overlapping knots. Simultaneous confidence bands of the free knot spline are used as a diagnostic tool and better understanding of the data. With asymptotic distribution being unknown, we rely on the wild bootstrap resampling method to deal with heteroskedasticity. Freeing up knot location and number of knots adds additional computational cost. Automatic differentiation is applied in the C++/R framework Automatic Differentiation Model Builder. With participants dropping out of survey panels, missing data is a common problem in longitudinal studies. The misspecified underlying missingness mechanism can lead to biased inference. Correctly understanding the attrition process can help picking the appropriate statistical tool. Based on Hirano's identification equations, we propose an additive attrition model with refreshment sample in the second wave, with components in missingness estimated by B-spline. We show that the objective function converges to its probability limit and show consistency of the spline estimator minimizing the objective function.
Promotion of endometriosis in mice by polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, and biphenyls
Creators: name: Birnbaum, L S
name: Cummings, A M
name: Johnson, K L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1997

description: Previous studies showed exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (2,3,7,8-TCDD) enhances the development of endometriotic lesions. In this study we examined the effects of other polyhalogenated aromatic hydrocarbons on endometriotic proliferation. B6C3F1 female mice were treated via oral gavage a total of five times, with 3 weeks between each dosing, with 0, 1, 3, or 10 micrograms 2,3,7,8,-TCDD/kg body weight (bw); 3 or 30 mg 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 153)/kg bw; 100, 300, or 1000 micrograms 3,3',4,4',5-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 126)/kg bw; 10, 30, or 100 micrograms 2,3,4,7,8-pentachlorodibenzofuran (4-PeCDF)/kg bw; or 2 or 20 mg 1,3,6,8-TCDD/kg at 10 ml/kg bw. Endometriosis was surgically induced during the week of the second dosing. Three weeks following the final dose, the mice were euthanized and endometriotic lesions, whole body, liver, ovaries, uterine horn, and thymus were weighted, and lesion diameters were measured. Lesions, uterine horns, and ovaries were fixed for histopathology and livers were processed for measurement of ethoxyresorufin O-deethylase (EROD) activity. Both 2,3,7,8-TCDD (1 and 3 micrograms/kg bw) and 4-PeCDF (100 micrograms/kg bw) significantly enhanced the growth of endometrial lesions. No statistically significant increase in endometriotic lesion size was detected in animals treated with either PCB 126 or with the highest dose of 2,3,7,8-TCDD, possibly due to the effects of histologically observed ovarian toxicity. The nondioxin-like compounds, PCB 153 and 1,3,6,8-TCDD, produced no observable effects on endometriosis. Hepatic EROD activity was significantly induced by 2,3,7,8-TCDD, 4-PeCDF, and PCB 126, but not by PCB 153 or 1,3,6,8-TCDD. The results of this study provide preliminary support for the hypothesis that halogenated aromatic hydrocarbon-promoted endometriosis may be Ah receptor mediated.
The operator splitting schemes revisited: primal-dual gap and degeneracy reduction by a unified analysis
Creators: name: Xue, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H05, 49M29, 49M27, 90C25

description: We revisit the operator splitting schemes proposed in a recent work of [Some extensions of the operator splitting schemes based on Lagrangian and primal-dual: A unified proximal point analysis, Feng Xue, Optimization, 2022, doi: 10.1080/02331934.2022.2057309], and further analyze the convergence of the generalized Bregman distance and the primal-dual gap of these algorithms within a unified proximal point framework. The possibility of reduction to a simple resolvent is also discussed by exploiting the structure and possible degeneracy of the underlying metric.
description: 35 pages
On the use of Klein quadric for geometric incidence problems in two dimensions
Creators: name: Rudnev, Misha
name: Selig, J. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 68R05, 11B75

description: We discuss a unified approach to a class of geometric combinatorics incidence problems in $2D$, of the Erdös distance type. The goal is obtaining the second moment estimate, that is given a finite point set $S$ and a function $f$ on $S\times S$, an upper bound on the number of solutions of $$ f(p,p') = f(q,q')\neq 0,\qquad (p,p',q,q')\in S\times S\times S\times S. \qquad(*) $$ E.g., $f$ is the Euclidean distance in the plane, sphere, or a sheet of the two-sheeted hyperboloid. Our tool is the Guth-Katz incidence theorem for lines in $\mathbb{RP}^3$, but we focus on how the original $2D$ problem is made amenable to it. This procedure was initiated by Elekes and Sharir, based on symmetry considerations. However, symmetry considerations can be bypassed or made implicit. The classical Plücker-Klein formalism for line geometry enables one to directly interpret a solution of $(*)$ as intersection of two lines in $\mathbb{RP}^3$. This allows for a very brief argument extending the Euclidean plane distance argument to the spherical and hyperbolic distances. We also find instances of the question $(*)$ without underlying symmetry group. The space of lines in the three-space, the Klein quadric $\mathcal K$, is four-dimensional. We start out with an injective map $\mathfrak F:\,S\times S\to\mathcal K$, from a pair of points in $2D$ to a line in $3D$ and seek a combinatorial problem in the form $(*)$, which can be solved by applying the Guth-Katz theorem to the set of lines in question. We identify a few new such problems and generalise the existing ones.
description: Theorem 5', implicit in the earlier verisons has been stated explicitly in this ArXiv version, giving a family of applications of the Guth-Katz theorem to sum-product type quantities, with no underlying symmetry group
USDA Conservation Incentives Study
Creators: name: House, Robert
name: Ogg, Clayton
name: Clayton, Kenneth
name: Johnson, James
name: House, Robert
name: Ogg, Clayton
name: Clayton, Kenneth
name: Johnson, James
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1982
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: A farm level mathematical programming model and its application to the analysis of conservation alternatives are introduced. Farm level data bases are being developed for representative situations in each of the eleven most erosive areas of the United States. Incentive schemes included in the model are those that may be used in implementing provisions of the Agriculture and Food Act of 1981 and in programs designed out of the Resources Conservation Act studies and report. These incentives involve tax credits, cross-compliance proposals, and others. The methodology has been applied to a Nebraska farm with the results of preliminary analyses described in this report. These results demonstrate the potential of this modeling approach for dealing with policy issues in the conservation and commodity program areas. The approach appears particularly useful since it allows comparative analyses of representative farm situations across a variety of geographic areas operating under a diversity of erosion conditions.
title: Persistent descending mesocolon – An under-recognized entity!
Creators: name: Chavan, Pooja Parmeshwar
Publisher: name: EURORAD
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Abdominal imaging
subject: Abdomen
subject: Anatomy
subject: Gastrointestinal tract
subject: CT
subject: Barium enema
subject: Barium meal
subject: Surgery
subject: Acute
subject: Congenital
subject: Obstruction / Occlusion
subject: Anatomy and Functional Imaging

description: Clinical History: A 35-year-old female patient presented to the outpatient department with complaints of abdominal discomfort in the right iliac fossa for one year. Ultrasound was inconclusive.

description: 35 years, female
Self-supervised Cloth Reconstruction via Action-conditioned Cloth Tracking
Creators: name: Huang, Zixuan
name: Lin, Xingyu
name: Held, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: State estimation is one of the greatest challenges for cloth manipulation due to cloth's high dimensionality and self-occlusion. Prior works propose to identify the full state of crumpled clothes by training a mesh reconstruction model in simulation. However, such models are prone to suffer from a sim-to-real gap due to differences between cloth simulation and the real world. In this work, we propose a self-supervised method to finetune a mesh reconstruction model in the real world. Since the full mesh of crumpled cloth is difficult to obtain in the real world, we design a special data collection scheme and an action-conditioned model-based cloth tracking method to generate pseudo-labels for self-supervised learning. By finetuning the pretrained mesh reconstruction model on this pseudo-labeled dataset, we show that we can improve the quality of the reconstructed mesh without requiring human annotations, and improve the performance of downstream manipulation task.
Turrado, Argimiro, Dios en el Hombre. Plenitud e Tragédia. La Editorial Católica. Col. BAC (n. 325). Vol. de XXXII+322 ps. 125x190. Madrid 1971
Creators: name: Faria, Manuel Ferreira De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
Assessment of water use for estimating exposure to tap water contaminants
Creators: name: Savitz, D A
name: Shimokura, G H
name: Symanski, E
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Epidemiological studies examining the association between exposure to tap water contaminants (such as chlorination by-products) and disease outcomes (such as cancer and adverse reproductive outcomes) have been limited by inaccurate exposure assessment. Failure to take into account the variation in beverage and tap water consumption and exposure to volatile contaminants through inhalation and dermal absorption can introduce misclassification in assessing the association between exposure to tap water contaminants and health. To refine exposure assessment of tap water contaminants, we describe in detail the tap water consumption, showering, and bathing habits of pregnant women and their male partners as assessed by a questionnaire and a 3-day water diary. We found good agreement between questionnaire and 3-day water diary values for drinking water intake (Pearson's r = 0.78) and for time spent showering(r = 0.68) and bathing (r = 0.78). Half of the participants consumed tap water on a regular basis with an overall mean +/- 1 standard deviation (SD) of 0. 78 +/- 0.51 l/day. Our results further suggest that full-time employees, compared to women working part-time or less, have more heterogeneous consumption patterns over time. Seventy-nine percent of women and 94% of men took showers for an average of 11.6 +/-4.0 min and 10.4 +/- 4.8 min, respectively. Baths were taken more frequently by women than men (21% vs. 3%) for an average of 22.9 +/-10.1 min and 21.3 +/- 12.4 min, respectively. Thus, these patterns of tap water use should be considered in the design and interpretation of environmental epidemiology studies.
A Study of Conventional Fuels for Unconventional Applications
Creators: name: Mehta, Jai M.
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Natural gas (NG) oxidation was studied in a single pulse shock tube at very high pressures (~60 atm and ~240 atm) and with C0-C3 species measured over a temperature range of 1100 K – 1800 K using gas chromatography. The experiments were conducted at different equivalence ratios (φ ~ 0.5 - 3.0) for a reference NG sample. The reference NG experiments showed an unexpected rise in ethane concentration over the temperature range of 1150 – 1300 K, instead of consumption. This phenomenon was observed at lean conditions for the reference natural gas samples. Real NG samples with different compositions sourced from across the United States were studied at stoichiometric conditions. The speciation results for the NG sample experiments showed significant differences as the composition changed suggesting that NG oxidation is sensitive to the composition variation. In addition to the variation, the rise in ethane concentration observed for the reference natural gas was also present for natural gas samples having methane concentration above 95 % by mole. All the experimental data were compared to simulations from four well known chemical kinetic mechanisms and no perfect mechanism was found. The simulations for experiments at ~240 atm were repeated using the changing pressure approach to account for the pressure variation in the experiments. Additionally, since diesel engines will eventually be fueled by both conventional diesel fuels and also by conventional and unconventional jet fuels, the hydrocarbon composition of 11 different jet fuels was obtained from two dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time of flight mass spectrometry and flame ionization detector (GCxGC-TOF-MS/FID) analysis. The molecular weight, carbon and hydrogen content along with the average molecular formula for the 11 jet fuels were estimated and found to be in agreement with the literature. A new tool, S2FG, was developed to convert the hydrocarbon composition of the fuels and mixtures into their functional group composition. The functional group composition of all the fuels analyzed was obtained using S2FG and compared. The functional group composition of the fuels will be useful in development of predictive models for fuel property prediction and surrogate composition selection.
Vários, Eucharistes d'Orient et d'Occident. Ed. Du Cerf. Vol. I e II de 220 e 300 ps., respectivamente 135x195. Paris 1970
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
Gnilka, Joachim, Carta a los Filipenses (Gol. «El Nuevo Testamento y su mensaje. Comentário para la lectura espiritual’»). Ed. Herder. Vol. de 80 ps. 125x200. Barcelona 1971
Creators: name: Correia, Francisco Carvalho
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
On Douglas-Rachford splitting that generally fails to be a proximal mapping: A degenerate proximal point analysis
Creators: name: Xue, Feng
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 47H09, 47H05, 90C25, 68Q25

description: Based on a degenerate proximal point analysis, we show that the Douglas-Rachford splitting can be reduced to a well-defined resolvent, but generally fails to be a proximal mapping. This extends the recent result of [Bauschke, Schaad and Wang. Math. Program., 168 (2018), pp. 55-61] to more general setting. The related concepts and consequences are also discussed. In particular, the results regarding the maximal and cyclic monotonicity are instrumental for analyzing many operator splitting algorithms.
description: 9 pages
Von Rad, Gerhard, Teologia del Antigo Testamento. Ed. Sígueme. Vol. I e II de 592 e 568 ps. 137x205. Salamanca 1972
Creators: name: Faria, Manuel Ferreira De
Publisher: name: Theologica
Year: 1973

description: Theologica, v. 8 n. 1 (1973)
Association between Air Pollution and Intrauterine Mortality in Sao Paulo, Brazil
Creators: name: Loomis, D
name: Saldiva, P H
name: Singer, J M
name: Böhm, G M
name: Conceição, G M
name: Kishi, H S
name: Pereira, L A
name: Arcas, R M
name: Braga, A L
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: The associations among daily counts of intrauterine mortality and pollutant concentrations (NO2, SO2, CO, O3, and particulate matter (3/4)10 microm) were investigated for the period ranging from January 1991 to December 1992 in the city of São Paulo, Brazil. We used Poisson regression techniques, adjusted for season and weather. The association between intrauterine mortality and air pollution was strong for NO2 (coefficient = 0.0013/ microg/m3; p<0.01) but lesser for SO2 (coefficient = 0.0005/ microg/m3; p<0.10) and CO (coefficient = 0.0223/ppm; p<0.10). A significant association was observed when an index that combined these three pollutants was considered in the models instead of considering each pollutant individually (p<0.01). These associations exhibited a short time lag, not over 5 days. In addition, some evidence of fetal exposure to air pollution was obtained by disclosing a significant association between the levels of carboxyhemoglobin of blood sampled from the umbilical cord and ambient CO levels in children delivered by nonsmoking pregnant women in the period from May to July 1995. Our results suggest that air pollution in São Paulo may promote adverse health effects on fetuses.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4Figure 5Figure 6Figure 7Figure 8
Hysteresis and training effect in the electric control of spin current in Pt/Y3Fe5O12 heterostructures
Creators: name: Sun, Y. D.
name: Wang, Lei
name: Lang, Lili
name: Xia, Ke
name: Zhou, S. M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have reported on the hysteresis and training effect of spin current in Pt/Y3Fe5O12 heterostructures during subsequent cycles of ionic liquid gate voltage Vg. The inverse spin Hall effect voltage in spin pumping and spin Hall magnetoresistance exhibit diode-like behaviors in the first half cycle of Vg andalsoshowhysteresisinthe first cycle of Vg. Both the diode-like behavior and the hysteresis become weak and even vanish in the second cycle of Vg due to the training effect. The above experimental results can be well explained by the screening charge doping model, in which the charge and the local magnetic moment are asymmetrically distributed in the Pt layer. The applicability of this model is further confirmed by measurements of anisotropic magnetoresistance and ferromagnetic resonance. The diode-like behavior is attributed to interplay between the asymmetrically distributed local magnetic moment and the spin current relaxation in the Pt layer. The hysteresis and the training effect arise from the incompletely reversible process between oxidation and reduction of Pt atoms and the evolution of the surface morphology at the ionic liquid/Pt interface under electric gating. This work provides new insights to improve the functional performance of electrically controlled spin current devices.
Mortality and ambient fine particles in southwest Mexico City, 1993-1995.
Creators: name: Claudio, L
name: Landrigan, P J
name: Sanjurjo, E
name: Sherman, L R
name: Torres, T
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: ++Epidemiologic studies have focused attention on the health effects of fine particulate air pollutants <2.5 microm in diameter (PM2.5). To further characterize the potential effects of fine particles, we investigated the relationship of air pollution to
A Probabilistic Least-Mean-Squares Filter
Creators: name: Fernandez-Bes, Jesus
name: Elvira, Víctor
name: Van Vaerenbergh, Steven
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: We introduce a probabilistic approach to the LMS filter. By means of an efficient approximation, this approach provides an adaptable step-size LMS algorithm together with a measure of uncertainty about the estimation. In addition, the proposed approximation preserves the linear complexity of the standard LMS. Numerical results show the improved performance of the algorithm with respect to standard LMS and state-of-the-art algorithms with similar complexity. The goal of this work, therefore, is to open the door to bring some more Bayesian machine learning techniques to adaptive filtering.
New approaches for detecting thresholds of human nephrotoxicity using cadmium as an example
Creators: name: Finn, W F
name: Price, R G
name: Mueller, P W
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Damage to the kidneys is one of the primary toxic actions of metals. Nephrotoxic substances not only cause renal disease directly, but they can also destroy renal reserve capacity, potentially placing those people with additional risk factors, such as diabetes, hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and genetic predispositions, at greater risk. To detect nephrotoxicity in people at a stage where intervention can be effective, sensitive methods are needed. One of the major advantages of using sensitive biomarkers of renal damage is that people who may be particularly susceptible to renal damage can be identified early, at a reversible stage of damage, and the progression to end-stage renal disease may be halted or delayed. Various categories of tests can be used to detect effects of nephrotoxic substances on the kidney. Through the use of biomarkers of damage to various parts of the nephron, U.S. and European studies have both shown a similar pattern of damage among men occupationally exposed to cadmium. These studies indicate various thresholds of renal effects, which researchers suggest represent a cascade of progressively severe damage to the kidney. Research into new biomarkers of damage caused by exposure to nephrotoxic substances centers around mechanisms of cell death, including necrosis and apoptosis; mechanisms of cell growth, regeneration, and proliferation, including factors that control cell cycle, influence gene expression, and modulate nucleic acid synthesis; and genetic factors that increase susceptibility to renal disease. Examples of types of candidate biomarkers include cytokines, lipid mediators, growth factors, transcription factors and protooncogenes, extracellular matrix components (collagen, glycoproteins, and proteoglycans), and cell adhesion molecules. Research into new categories of biomarkers may provide additional insights into the mechanisms of damage caused by nephrotoxins.
Rapid screening of environmental chemicals for estrogen receptor binding capacity
Creators: name: Nestich, S
name: Checovich, W
name: Ervin, K
name: Wiese, T E
name: Bolger, R
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: Over the last few years, an increased awareness of endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and their potential to affect wildlife and humans has produced a demand for practical screening methods to identify endocrine activity in a wide range of environmental and industrial chemicals. While it is clear that in vivo methods will be required to identify adverse effects produced by these chemicals, in vitro assays can define particular mechanisms of action and have the potential to be employed as rapid and low-cost screens for use in large scale EDC screening programs. Traditional estrogen receptor (ER) binding assays are useful for characterizing a chemical's potential to be an estrogen-acting EDC, but they involve displacement of a radioactive ligand from crude receptor preparations at low temperatures. The usefulness of these assays for realistically determining the ER binding interactions of weakly estrogenic environmental and industrial compounds that have low aqueous solubility is unclear. In this report, we present a novel fluorescence polarization (FP) method that measures the capacity of a competitor chemical to displace a high affinity fluorescent ligand from purified, recombinant human ER-[alpha] at room temperature. The ER-[alpha] binding interactions generated for 15 natural and synthetic compounds were found to be similar to those determined with traditional receptor binding assays. We also discuss the potential to employ this FP technology to binding studies involving ER-ss and other receptors. Thus, the assay introduced in this study is a nonradioactive receptor binding method that shows promise as a high throughput screening method for large-scale testing of environmental and industrial chemicals for ER binding interactions.ImagesFigure 2Figure 3Figure 4
Transport of Intensity Phase Retrieval of Arbitrary Wave Fields Including Vortices
Creators: name: Lubk, Axel
name: Guzzinati, Giulio
name: Börrnert, Felix
name: Verbeeck, Jo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase problem can be considered as one of the cornerstones of quantum mechanics intimately connected to the detection process and the uncertainty relation. The latter impose fundamental limits on the manifold phase reconstruction schemes invented to date in particular at small magnitudes of the quantum wave. Here, we show that a rigorous solution of the Transport of Intensity Reconstruction (TIE) scheme in terms of a linear elliptic partial differential equation for the phase provides reconstructions even in the presence of wave zeros if particular boundary conditions (BCs) are given. We furthermore discuss how partial coherence hampers phase reconstruction and show that a modified version of the TIE reconstructs the curl-free current density at arbitrary (in-)coherence. This opens the way for a large variety of new applications in fields as diverse as astrophysics, geophysics, photonics, acoustics, and electron microscopy, where zeros in the respective wave field are a ubiquitous feature.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, includes correction as in https://journals.aps.org/prl/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevLett.111.199902
Interactive Video Corpus Moment Retrieval using Reinforcement Learning
Creators: name: Ma, Zhixin
name: Ngo, Chong-Wah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.2.10

description: Known-item video search is effective with human-in-the-loop to interactively investigate the search result and refine the initial query. Nevertheless, when the first few pages of results are swamped with visually similar items, or the search target is hidden deep in the ranked list, finding the know-item target usually requires a long duration of browsing and result inspection. This paper tackles the problem by reinforcement learning, aiming to reach a search target within a few rounds of interaction by long-term learning from user feedbacks. Specifically, the system interactively plans for navigation path based on feedback and recommends a potential target that maximizes the long-term reward for user comment. We conduct experiments for the challenging task of video corpus moment retrieval (VCMR) to localize moments from a large video corpus. The experimental results on TVR and DiDeMo datasets verify that our proposed work is effective in retrieving the moments that are hidden deep inside the ranked lists of CONQUER and HERO, which are the state-of-the-art auto-search engines for VCMR.
description: Accepted by ACM Multimedia 2022
Reprocessing Clinically Used Rotary NiTi files - Cleanliness Validation Assays
Creators: name: Novakovic, Milica
Publisher: name: University of Illinois at Chicago
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Rotary NiTi instruments are routinely used in non-surgical endodontic treatment. Previous studies observed debris from manufacturing process adherent to new instruments, as well as presence of dentinal debris following clinical application and reprocessing. Therefore, rotary NiTi instruments that undergo multiple cycles of clinical use may represent a reprocessing challenge. This was a pilot study designed to quantify presence of dentinal debris on clinically used and reprocessed rotary NiTi instruments, using recently developed protein and hydroxyl-apatite quantification assays by ADA. Clinically used and reprocessed VortexBlue rotary instruments sizes 25/.04, 30/.04, 35/.04 and 40/.04 were selected. A reprocessing procedure included of ultrasonication in enzymatic solution followed by steam sterilization in autoclave. Comparable new instruments were subject to same reprocessing protocol as controls. Residual debris was visualized by observing under microscope (20x magnification) and phloxine B staining. Dentin residue was extracted and assessed via ARS assay for hydroxyl-apatite, and via OPA assay for protein, using recently developed ADA protocol (Gopal 2020, IADR). Data statistically analyzed through t-test (p<0.05). Residual dentin was visualized on the cutting edges and evident accumulation towards the shank and rubber stopper. Protein residue on used and reprocessed files could not be quantified. Amounts of HA around 450 ug/ml were extracted from used and reprocessed files. In addition, considerable amounts of debris were observed on rubber stoppers (approximately 500 ug/ml). The Alizarin Red Stain assay provides quantification of hydroxyl-apatite residues on used and reprocessed rotary NiTi instruments. In absence of more sophisticated clinical reprocessing protocol, it is advisable to discard them after single use.
Rodent Models of Cardiopulmonary Disease: Their Potential Applicability in Studies of Air Pollutant Susceptibility
Creators: name: Bromberg, P A
name: Costa, D L
name: Kodavanti, U P
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1998

description: The mechanisms by which increased mortality and morbidity occur in individuals with preexistent cardiopulmonary disease following acute episodes of air pollution are unknown. Studies involving air pollution effects on animal models of human cardiopulmonary diseases are both infrequent and difficult to interpret. Such models are, however, extensively used in studies of disease pathogenesis. Primarily they comprise those developed by genetic, pharmacologic, or surgical manipulations of the cardiopulmonary system. This review attempts a comprehensive description of rodent cardiopulmonary disease models in the context of their potential application to susceptibility studies of air pollutants regardless of whether the models have been previously used for such studies. The pulmonary disease models include bronchitis, emphysema, asthma/allergy, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, interstitial fibrosis, and infection. The models of systemic hypertension and congestive heart failure include: those derived by genetics (spontaneously hypertensive, Dahl S. renin transgenic, and other rodent models); congestive heart failure models derived by surgical manipulations; viral myocarditis; and cardiomyopathy induced by adriamycin. The characteristic pathogenic features critical to understanding the susceptibility to inhaled toxicants are described. It is anticipated that this review will provide a ready reference for the selection of appropriate rodent models of cardiopulmonary diseases and identify not only their pathobiologic similarities and/or differences to humans but also their potential usefulness in susceptibility studies.ImagesFigure 2
8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a major mutagenic oxidative DNA lesion, and DNA strand breaks in nasal respiratory epithelium of children exposed to urban pollution
Creators: name: Wen-Wang, L
name: Rodriguez-Alcaraz, A
name: Villarreal-Calderón, A
name: Osnaya, N
name: Calderón-Garcidueñas, L
name: Zhang, Y J
name: Santella, R M
Publisher: name: The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill University Libraries
Year: 1999

description: Southwest metropolitan Mexico City children are repeatedly exposed to high levels of a complex mixture of air pollutants, including ozone, particulate matter, aldehydes, metals, and nitrogen oxides. We explored nasal cell 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), a major mutagenic lesion producing G-->T transversion mutations, using an immunohistochemical method, and DNA single strand breaks (ssb) using the single cell gel electrophoresis assay as biomarkers of oxidant exposure. Nasal biopsies from the posterior inferior turbinate were examined in children in grades one through five, including 12 controls from a low-polluted coastal town and 87 Mexico City children. Each biopsy was divided for the 8-OHdG and DNA ssb assays. There was an age-dependent increase in the percentage of nasal cells with DNA tails > 10 microm in Mexico City children: 19 +/- 9% for control cells, and 43 +/- 4, 50 +/- 16, 56 +/- 17, 60 +/- 17 and 73 +/- 14%, respectively, for first through fifth graders (p < 0.05). Nasal ssb were significantly higher in fifth graders than in first graders (p < 0.05). Higher levels (2.3- to 3-fold) of specific nuclear staining for 8-OHdG were observed in exposed children as compared to controls (p < 0.05). These results suggest that DNA damage is present in nasal epithelial cells in Mexico City children. Persistent oxidative DNA damage may ultimately result in a selective growth of pr eneoplastic nasal initiated cells in this population and the potential for nasal neoplasms may increase with age. The combination of 8-OHdG and DNA ssb should be useful for monitoring oxidative damage in people exposed to polluted atmospheres.ImagesFigure 1Figure 2Figure 3Figure 4
The Globalization-Inequality Nexus: A Comparative Study of Developed and Developing Countries
Creators: name: Naoaj, Md Shah
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Economics (econ.GN)
subject: FOS: Economics and business

description: This study examines the relationship between globalization and income inequality, utilizing panel data spanning from 1992 to 2020. Globalization is measured by the World Bank global-link indicators such as FDI, Remittance, Trade Openness, and Migration while income inequality is measured by Gini Coefficient and the median income of 50% of the population. The fixed effect panel data analysis provides empirical evidence indicating that globalization tends to reduce income inequality, though its impact varies between developed and developing countries. The analysis reveals a strong negative correlation between net foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows and inequality in developing countries, while no such relationship was found for developed countries.The relationship holds even if we consider an alternative measure of inequality. However, when dividing countries by developed and developing groups, no statistically significant relationship was observed. Policymakers can use these findings to support efforts to increase FDI, trade, tourism, and migration to promote growth and reduce income inequality.
description: 6 Pages