cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Dikhyang Bugun Language Data: Overview File
Creators: name: Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2017
Subjects: Bugun
Dikhyang
Arunachal Pradesh
Khowa

description: These sound files constitute the elicitation and the triple-repetition of the lexical entries of the Basic Word List in the Dikhyang variety of Bugun. Dikhyang village is a recent (1977) satellite settlement of Wanggo (‘Wangho’) village, via Rambung and Hemrai settlements. Wanggo is located on the other side of the ridge.  The Bugun variety of Dikhyang should hence closely match the Bugun variety of Wanggo (e.g. ‘Wangho’ in Abraham et al. 2005).
Dikhyang Bugun language data: overview file
Creators: name: Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Bugun
Dikhyang
Arunachal Pradesh
Khowa

description: These sound files constitute the elicitation and the triple-repetition of the lexical entries of the Basic Word List in the Dikhyang variety of Bugun. Dikhyang village is a recent (1977) satellite settlement of Wanggo (‘Wangho’) village, via Rambung and Hemrai settlements. Wanggo is located on the other side of the ridge.  The Bugun variety of Dikhyang should hence closely match the Bugun variety of Wanggo (e.g. ‘Wangho’ in Abraham et al. 2005).

Bodt, Timotheus Adrianus. 2024. Proto-Western Kho-Bwa: Reconstructing a communities' past through language. Academia Sinica Languages and Linguistics monograph series number 67. Taipei: Academia Sinica.

LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS > (sinica.edu.tw)

This material is made freely available to everyone for informative or scientific purposes as long as the source (this DOI) / the collectors are properly credited. Please note that use of the material for commercial purposes of any kind, which includes conversion into commercial audio-visual media (documentaries etc.), storage and dissemination through sites that require registration & payment for access, or sites that rely on advertisement (including YouTube) is not permitted without specific written consent from the speakers and their community, obtained through the collector of the material. By downloading this material, you agree to these restrictions.

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Active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck Model for Bacterial Heat Engines
Creators: name: Wiese, Roland
name: Kroy, Klaus
name: Holubec, Viktor
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use Brownian dynamics simulations to study a model of a cyclic bacterial heat engine based on a harmonically confined colloidal probe particle in a bath formed by active Brownian particles. For intermediate activities, active noise experienced by large enough probes becomes Gaussian with exponential autocorrelation function. We show that, in this experimentally pertinent regime, the probability densities for stochastic work, heat, and efficiency are well represented by those of an effective active Ornstein-Uhlenbeck particle (AOUP). Due to the probe's fast relaxation in the potential in typical experimental implementations, good agreement can prevail even when the noise autocorrelation function develops non-exponential tails. Our results show that the AOUP provides a convenient and accurate, analytically tractable effective model to mimic and analyze experimental bacterial heat engines, especially when operating with comparatively large probes and stiff traps.
description: 10 pages, 7 figures
Non-asymptotic State Estimation of Linear Reaction Diffusion Equation using Modulating Functions
Creators: name: Ghaffour, Lilia
name: Noack, Matti
name: Reger, Johann
name: Laleg-Kirati, Taous Meriem
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: State Estimation
Modulating Functions
Partial Differential Equations
Non-asymptotic Estimation

description: In the related paper, we propose a non-asymptotic state estimation method for the linearreaction diffusion equation with general boundary conditions. The method is based on themodulating function approach utilizing a modulation functional in time and space. This resultsin a signal model control problem for a system of auxiliary PDEs in order to determinethe modulation kernels. First, the algorithm is mathematically derived and then numericalsimulations are presented for illustrating the good performance of the proposed approach anddemonstrating the efficient implementation scheme.
Cryptocurrency and Blockchain Forensic
Creators: name: Antonishyn, Mykhailo
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Two stories: One of the companies uses well well-known digital wallet to deal with corporate operations with cryptocurrencies. The private person decided to move fiat money cross borders using cryptocurrencies. Both of them ended up with the responsible person finding out the money was stolen and asked us to investigate the case.
Student reasoning about quantum mechanics while working with physical experiments
Creators: name: Borish, Victoria
name: Lewandowski, H. J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Physics Education (physics.ed-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Instruction in quantum mechanics is becoming increasingly important as the field is not only a key part of modern physics research, but is also important for emerging technologies. However, many students regard quantum mechanics as a particularly challenging subject, in part because it is considered very mathematical and abstract. One potential way to help students understand and contextualize unintuitive quantum ideas is to provide them opportunities to work with physical apparatus demonstrating these phenomena. In order to understand how working with quantum experiments affects students' reasoning, we performed think-aloud lab sessions of two pairs of students as they worked through a sequence of quantum optics experiments that demonstrated particle-wave duality of photons. Analyzing the in-the-moment student thinking allowed us to identify the resources students activated while reasoning through the experimental evidence of single-photon interference, as well as student ideas about what parts of the experiments were quantum versus classical. This work will aid instructors in helping their students construct an understanding of these topics from their own ideas and motivate future investigations into the use of hands-on opportunities to facilitate student learning about quantum mechanics.
description: 29 pages, 2 figures, minor edits
SILVERRUSH. II. First Catalogs and Properties of ~2,000 Lya Emitters and Blobs at z~6-7 Identified over the 14-21 deg2 Sky
Creators: name: Shibuya, Takatoshi
name: Ouchi, Masami
name: Konno, Akira
name: Higuchi, Ryo
name: Harikane, Yuichi
name: Ono, Yoshiaki
name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro
name: Taniguchi, Yoshiaki
name: Kobayashi, Masakazu A. R.
name: Kajisawa, Masaru
name: Nagao, Tohru
name: Furusawa, Hisanori
name: Goto, Tomotsugu
name: Kashikawa, Nobunari
name: Komiyama, Yutaka
name: Kusakabe, Haruka
name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu
name: Momose, Rieko
name: Nakajima, Kimihiko
name: Tanaka, Masayuki
name: Wang, Shiang-Yu
name: Yuma, Suraphong
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present an unprecedentedly large catalog consisting of 2,230 > L* Lya emitters (LAEs) at z=5.7 and 6.6 on the 13.8 and 21.2 deg2 sky, respectively, that are identified by the SILVERRUSH program with the first narrowband imaging data of the Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) survey. We confirm that the LAE catalog is reliable on the basis of 96 LAEs whose spectroscopic redshifts are already determined by this program and the previous studies. This catalogue is also available on-line. Based on this catalogue, we derive the rest-frame Lya equivalent-width distributions of LAEs at z~5.7-6.6 that are reasonably explained by the exponential profiles with the scale lengths of ~120-170A, showing no significant evolution from z~5.7 to z~6.6. We find that 275 LAEs with a large equivalent width (LEW) of >240A are candidates of young-metal poor galaxies and AGNs. We also find that the fraction of LEW LAEs to all ones is 4% and 21% at z~5.7 and z~6.6, respectively. Our LAE catalog includes 11 Lya blobs (LABs) that are LAEs with spatially extended Lya emission whose profile is clearly distinguished from those of stellar objects at the >~ 3sigma level. The number density of the LABs at z=6-7 is ~ 10^-7-10^-6 Mpc^-3, being ~ 10-100 times lower than those claimed for LABs at z~ 2-3, suggestive of disappearing LABs at z>~6, albeit with the different selection methods and criteria for the low and high-z LABs.
description: 19 pages, 11 figures. Accepted for publication in PASJ special issue
Q-tensor model for electrokinetics in nematic liquid crystals
Creators: name: Tovkach, Oleh M.
name: Conklin, Christopher
name: Calderer, M. Carme
name: Golovaty, Dmitry
name: Lavrentovich, Oleg D.
name: Viñals, Jorge
name: Walkington, Noel J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We use a variational principle to derive a mathematical model for a nematic electrolyte in which the liquid crystalline component is described in terms of a second-rank order tensor. The model extends the previously developed director-based theory and accounts for presence of disclinations and possible biaxiality. We verify the model by considering a simple but illustrative example of liquid crystal-enabled electro-osmotic flow (LCEO) around a stationary dielectric spherical particle placed at the center of a large cylindrical container filled with a nematic electrolyte. Assuming homeotropic anchoring of the nematic on the surface of the particle and uniform distribution of the director on the surface of the container, we consider two configurations with a disclination equatorial ring and with a hyperbolic hedgehog, respectively. The computed electro-osmotic flows show a strong dependence on the director configurations and on the anisotropies of dielectric permittivity and electric conductivity of the nematic characteristic of liquid crystal-enabled electrokinetics. Further, the simulations demonstrate space charge separation around the dielectric sphere, even in the case of isotropic permittivity and conductivity. This is in agreement with the induced-charge electro-osmotic effect described for isotropic electrolytes surrounding dielectric spheres.
Peculiarities of momentum distribution functions of strongly correlated charged fermions
Creators: name: Larkin, A. S.
name: Filinov, V. S.
name: Fortov, V. E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Plasma Physics (physics.plasm-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The new numerical version of the Wigner approach to quantum mechanics for treatment thermodynamic properties of strongly coupled systems of particles has been developed for extreme conditions, when analytical approximations obtained in different kind of perturbation theories can not be applied. Explicit analytical expression of the Wigner function has been obtained in linear and harmonic approximations. Fermi statistical effects are accounted by effective pair pseudopotential depending on coordinates, momenta and degeneracy parameter of particles and taking into account Pauli blocking of fermions. The new quantum Monte-Carlo method for calculations of average values of arbitrary quantum operators has been proposed. Calculations of the momentum distribution function of the degenerate ideal Fermi gas have been carried out for testing the developed approach. Comparison of obtained momentum distribution function of strongly correlated Coulomb systems of particles with Maxwell -- Boltzmann and Fermi distributions shows the significant influence of interparticle interaction both at small momenta and in the high energy quantum 'tails'.
description: 14 pages, 6 captured figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1702.04091
Multiple phoretic mechanisms in the self-propulsion of a Pt-insulator Janus swimmer
Creators: name: Ibrahim, Yahaya
name: Golestanian, Ramin
name: Liverpool, Tanniemola B.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a detailed theoretical study which demonstrates that electrokinetic effects can also play a role in the motion of metallic-insulator spherical Janus particles. Essential to our analysis is the identification of the fact that the reaction rates depend on Pt- coating thickness and that the thickness of coating varies from pole to equator of the coated hemisphere. We find that their motion is due to a combination of neutral and ionic diffusiophoretic as well as electrophoretic effects whose interplay can be changed by varying the ionic properties of the fluid. This has great potential significance for optimising performance of designed synthetic swimmers.
Large Fluctuations of Radiation in Stochastically Activated Two-Level Systems
Creators: name: Pechersky, E.
name: Pirogov, S.
name: Schütz, G. M.
name: Vladimirov, A.
name: Yambartsev, A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 60J, 60F10, Secondary 60K35

description: We study the large fluctuations of emitted radiations in the system of $N$ non-interacting two-level atoms. Two methods are used to calculate the probability of the large fluctuations and the time dependence of the excitation and emission. The first method is based on the large deviation principle for Markov processes. The second one uses an analogue of the quantum formalism for classical probability problems. Particularly we prove that in a large fluctuation limit approximately a half of the atoms are excited. This fact is independent on the fraction of the excited atoms in the stationary state.
description: 22 pages, no figures
New test of weak equivalence principle using polarized light from astrophysical events
Creators: name: Wu, Xue-Feng
name: Wei, Jun-Jie
name: Lan, Mi-Xiang
name: Gao, He
name: Dai, Zi-Gao
name: Mészáros, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Einstein's weak equivalence principle (WEP) states that any freely falling, uncharged test particle follows the same identical trajectory independent of its internal structure and composition. Since the polarization of a photon is considered to be part of its internal structure, we propose that polarized photons from astrophysical transients, such as gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) and fast radio bursts (FRBs), can be used to constrain the accuracy of the WEP through the Shapiro time delay effect. Assuming that the arrival time delays of photons with different polarizations are mainly attributed to the gravitational potential of the Laniakea supercluster of galaxies, we show that a strict upper limit on the differences of the parametrized post-Newtonian parameter $γ$ value for the polarized optical emission of GRB 120308A is $Δγ<1.2\times10^{-10}$, for the polarized gamma-ray emission of GRB 100826A is $Δγ<1.2\times10^{-10}$, and for the polarized radio emission of FRB 150807 is $Δγ<2.2\times10^{-16}$. These are the first direct verifications of the WEP for multiband photons with different polarizations. In particular, the result from FRB 150807 provides the most stringent limit to date on a deviation from the WEP, improving by one order of magnitude the previous best result based on Crab pulsar photons with different energies.
description: 7 pages, 1 table. Updated to match the published version
Minimal area surfaces in AdS$_3$ through integrability
Creators: name: He, Yifei
name: Kruczenski, Martin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Minimal area surfaces in AdS$_3$ ending on a given curve at the boundary are dual to planar Wilson loops in N=4 SYM. In previous work it was shown that the problem of finding such surfaces can be recast as the one of finding an appropriate parameterization of the boundary contour that corresponds to conformal gauge. A. Dekel was able to find such reparameterization in a perturbative expansion around a circular contour. In this work we show that for more general contours such reparameterization can be found using a numerical procedure that does not rely on a perturbative expansion. This provides further checks and applications of the integrability method. An interesting property of the method is that it uses as data the Schwarzian derivative of the contour and therefore it has manifest global conformal invariance. Finally, we apply Shanks transformation to extend the near circular expansion to larger deformations, the results are in agreement with the new method.
description: 30 pages, 11 figures, LaTeX. v2: typos corrected
In medium dispersion relation effects in nuclear inclusive reactions at intermediate and low energies
Creators: name: Nieves, Juan
name: Sobczyk, Joanna Ewa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In a well-established many-body framework, successful in modeling a great variety of nuclear processes, we analyze the role of the spectral functions (SFs) accounting for the modifications of the dispersion relation of nucleons embedded in a nuclear medium. We concentrate in processes mostly governed by one-body mechanisms, and study possible approximations to evaluate the particle-hole propagator using SFs. We also investigate how to include together SFs and long-range RPA-correlation corrections in the evaluation of nuclear response functions, discussing the existing interplay between both type of nuclear effects. At low energy transfers (\le 50 MeV), we compare our predictions for inclusive muon and radiative pion captures in nuclei, and charge-current (CC) neutrino-nucleus cross sections with experimental results. We also present an analysis of intermediate energy quasi-elastic neutrino scattering for various targets and both neutrino and antineutrino CC driven processes. In all cases, we pay special attention to estimate the uncertainties affecting the theoretical predictions. In particular, we show that errors on the σ_μ/σ_e ratio are much smaller than 5%, and also much smaller than the size of the SF+RPA nuclear corrections, which produce significant effects, not only in the individual cross sections, but also in their ratio for neutrino energies below 400 MeV. These latter nuclear corrections, beyond Pauli blocking, turn out to be thus essential to achieve a correct theoretical understanding of this ratio of cross sections of interest for appearance neutrino oscillation experiments. We also briefly compare our SF and RPA results to predictions obtained within other representative approaches.
description: 40 pages, 65 figures
Axion production from primordial magnetic fields
Creators: name: Kamada, Kohei
name: Nakai, Yuichiro
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Production of axionlike particles (ALPs) by primordial magnetic fields may have significant impacts on cosmology. We discuss the production of ALPs in the presence of the primordial magnetic fields. We find a region of the ALP mass and photon coupling which realizes the observed properties of the dark matter with appropriate initial conditions for the magnetic fields. This region may be interesting in light of recent indications for the 3.5 keV lines from galaxy clusters. For a small axion mass, a region of previously allowed parameter spaces is excluded by overproduction of ALPs as a hot/warm dark matter component. Since the abundance of ALPs strongly depends on the initial conditions of primordial magnetic fields, our results provide implications for scenarios of magnetogenesis.
description: 7 pages, 2 figures, comments welcome; v2: extended discussions, comments and references added, matches version published in PRD
Bethe $M$-layer construction for the percolation problem
Creators: name: Angelini, Maria Chiara
name: Palazzi, Saverio
name: Rizzo, Tommaso
name: Tarzia, Marco
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The major difference between percolation and other phase transition models is the absence of an Hamiltonian and of a partition function. For this reason it is not straightforward to identify the corresponding field theory to be used as starting point of Renormalization Group computations. Indeed, it could be identified with the field theory of $n+1$ states Potts model in the limit of $n \to 0$ only by means of the mapping discovered by Kasteleyn and Fortuin for bond percolation. In this paper we show that it is possible to recover the epsilon expansion for critical exponents in finite dimension directly using the $M$-layer expansion, without the need to perform any analytical continuation. Moreover, we also show explicitly that the critical exponents for site and bond percolation are the same. This computation provides a reference for applications of the $M$-layer method to systems where the underlying field theory is unknown or disputed.
Metadata Extraction Tool and Schema Mapper for Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images
Creators: name: Vitali, Elias Giulio Georg
name: Kirar, Ajay
name: Joseph, Reetu E.
name: Hartmann, Volker
name: Blumenröhr, Nicolas
name: Aversa, Rossella
name: Stotzka, Rainer
Publisher: name: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT)
Year: 2023
Subjects: SEM
TIFF
Schema
Metadata
Mapping
Zeiss
Scanning Electron Microscopy
Electron Microscopy

description: Standardized metadata and the proper storage of it are critical components of scientific research. However, manually extracting metadata is time-consuming and error-prone. The KIT-developed Mapping Service solves this problem by automating the process of metadata extraction and mapping as per published schema, making it easier for researchers to manage large datasets for improved accessibility and collaboration. At its core, the Mapping Service is an automated tool for researchers in materials science to easily extract metadata from research images generated by various imaging instruments, namely Scanning Electron Microscopes (SEM), and map them according to published metadata schemas. The tool comprises two key components: a reader and a mapper. The reader reads all the metadata embedded within the images, which can contain hundreds of pieces of metadata. The mapper takes the relevant schema and cherry-picks all the key variables that the schema says should be included; it then maps these variables to their appropriate standardized name, resulting in a nicely formatted metadata document in JSON format. The tool also generates a CSV table that summarizes all the extracted information. Researchers in materials science who generate research images with metadata requiring efficient and consistent processing can easily adopt the Mapping Service. This tool is a valuable asset for efficient and standardized metadata handling in materials science research, particularly for SEM Focused Ion Beam tomography. With this poster, we succinctly highlight the Mapping Service’s automatic metadata extraction process, and the necessary considerations and prerequisites for its implementation into a research environment.
"Unglaubliche Tatsachen": Die haitianische Revolution und die anecdote coloniale
Creators: name: Bandau, Anja
Publisher: name: Konstanz : UVK Verl.-Ges.
Year: 2008
Subjects: subject: Mass media -- Political aspects
subject: Arts and revolutions
subject: Mass media and history
subject: Congresses
subject: Haiti
subject: Revolution
subject: Umsturz
subject: Geschichte
subject: Medien
subject: Darstellung
subject: Geschichtswissenschaft
subject: Medienwissenschaft
subject: Literaturwissenschaft
subject: Kulturwissenschaften
subject: Konferenzschrift
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::900 | Geschichte und Geografie
subject: Dewey Decimal Classification::400 | Sprache, Linguistik

description: [No abstract available]
Photo-association of trilobite Rydberg molecules via resonant spin-orbit coupling
Creators: name: Kleinbach, Kathrin S.
name: Meinert, Florian
name: Engel, Felix
name: Kwon, Woo Jin
name: Löw, Robert
name: Pfau, Tilman
name: Raithel, Georg
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report on a novel method for photo-association of strongly polar trilobite Rydberg molecules. This exotic ultralong-range dimer, consisting of a ground-state atom bound to the Rydberg electron via electron-neutral scattering, inherits its polar character from the admixture of high angular momentum electronic orbitals. The absence of low-$L$ character hinders standard photo-association techniques. Here, we show that for suitable principal quantum numbers resonant coupling of the orbital motion with the nuclear spin of the perturber, mediated by electron-neutral scattering, hybridizes the trilobite molecular potential with the more conventional ${\rm{S}}$-type molecular state. This provides a general path to associate trilobite molecules with large electric dipole moments, as demonstrated via high-resolution spectroscopy. We find a dipole moment of 135(45) D for the trilobite state. Our results are compared to theoretical predictions based on a Fermi-model.
description: 8 pages, 4 figures
Quark-Hadron Duality Violations and Higher-Order $1/m_b$ Corrections in Inclusive Semileptonic $B$ Decays
Creators: name: Mannel, Thomas
name: Milutin, Ilija S.
name: Verkade, Rens
name: Vos, K. Keri
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The theoretical description and data for inclusive semileptonic $B$ decays have reached incredible precision. This motivated us to re-animate the discussion of possible Quark-Hadron Duality violations. There seems that there is currently no evidence of a failure of the Heavy Quark Expansion (HQE) used to compute observables for these decays. However, we might arrive at a point where an asymptotic behaviour of the HQE would limit a further increase of precision. We discuss this possibility and suggest a simple model, which can be used to study the effects of higher orders in the $1/m_b$ expansion and possible quark-hadron duality violations. We devise observables sensitive only to such higher-order effects to test the behaviour of the HQE. Using these observables we obtain a first estimate of possible quark-hadron duality violations using the measured $q^2$ moments.
description: 22 pages, 5 figures
A Personalized Approach to Model the Interstitial Fluid Flow in Solid Tumors: The Role of Interstitium Permeability
Creators: name: Salavati, Hooman
name: Ceelen, Wim
name: Pullens, Pim
name: Debbaut, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: The permeability of tumor stroma (k [m^2]) is a measure of flow conductivity, and plays an important role in modeling tumor interstitial fluid flow (TIF). However, reliable tumor- and/or patient-specific k values are not available. Therefore, we devised a novel ex-vivo setup that allows measuring the permeability in clinical tissue samples. Additionally, we developed a computational model to better understand the effect of tumor tissue permeability on TIF.

 Fresh human tumor samples were harvested, sliced, and punched into circular discs, after which they were placed on the enclosure of modified Ussing diffusion chambers. Subsequently, k measurements were performed using two different diffusion chambers connected to a bubble tracker system to quantify the fluid exchange through the tissue induced by a hydrostatic pressure. In addition, a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) modeling approach was developed to investigate the sensitivity of TIF to the magnitude of k.

 The results of the measurements demonstrated a large difference between the permeability of various tumor types (range of 5E-18 to 4E-16 m²). More importantly, the results also demonstrated the heterogeneity of k values in single tumors, with k values that varied up to a factor of 4 in certain tumor types (e.g. between 5E-18 to 2E-17 m² for a peritoneal metastasis sample). The CFD model also showed that the heterogeneity of k can significantly affect the TIF, indicating the importance of personalized estimations of 3D spatial k profiles.

 A new experimental and computational method was successfully introduced to measure tumor stroma permeability values of human cancer tissue samples and model their impact on TIF. The results showed significant inter- and intratumor differences in k values and TIF, implying k values to be an important piece of the puzzle for personalized modeling of perfusion and treatment of solid tumors.
title: THE IMPACT ON CHIEF EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION PAY GAP OF INDEPENDENCE, EXPERTISE, AND ACTIVITY OF REMUNERATION AND AUDIT COMMITTEES: THE CASE OF PAKISTAN.
Creators: name: Patel, Mohsin Ali
Publisher: name: University of Central Lancashire
Year: 2024

description: Agency theorists suggest that top executives are naturally interested in protecting their self-interest at the expense of shareholders through higher compensation and perquisites. To minimize the financial consequences of the implied principal-agent problem, companies use corporate governance mechanisms to redirect agents’ behaviour to realign these interests with the shareholder’s concerns. This study examines the impact on executive compensation of the independence, expertise, and activity of remuneration and audit committees for the companies which are continuously listed on the Pakistan Stock Exchange from 2016 to 2019. Using ordinary least squares regressions, this study reveals several noteworthy findings. Firstly, regarding the remuneration committees, the results of regression show that, in line with the agency theory perspective, the level of independence exerts a statistically significant negative impact on the relative CEO compensation. Secondly, the expertise of the remuneration committee members demonstrates a significant negative influence on relative executive compensation. Thirdly, with respect to the audit committees, the results indicate that contrary to expectation, independence is significantly positively correlated with relative chief executive compensation. Thus, we may surmise that audit committee members may be pressured by autocratic CEOs to raise their remuneration package. These findings hold true even after conducting various additional analyses and robustness tests, ensuring their validity and reliability.

The study makes three important contributions. Firstly, it uncovers the trends in chief executive compensation across different industrial sectors in Pakistan. Secondly, the current study reveals the considerable pay gap between a CEO and other executives in Pakistan. Lastly, the study is one of the few studies to investigate the role of remuneration and audit committees in moderating the pay gap between the CEO and other executives in context of Pakistan. These findings have implications for the board of directors, executive head-hunters, and remuneration consultants to help them understand the sector-wise trends in CEO compensation in Pakistan. Further, these have policy implications for the regulators and policymakers as these findings can be operationalized by enacting regulations that promote the independence and expertise of the remuneration committees of the board.
Electrical Conductivity Measurements for Improved Metal Recycling Efficiency
Creators: name: Boeykens, Pieter-Jan
name: Bellemans, Inge
name: Verbeken, Kim
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: In order to make the transition towards a circular economy, more emphasis is put on recycling of materials and improving the existing recycling processes. For metal recycling, the first step is typically a high temperature pyrometallurgical process (T > 1000 degrees C). Within this process, impurities in the liquid metal are oxidized to metal oxides which end up in the liquid slag phase. This slag phase is made processable via additions of sand (SiO2) and lime (CaO) to the furnace. The current project focusses on the recycling of precious metals via the copper smelting process as copper is typically used as collector metal for gold, silver, platinum… One issue regarding the copper smelting process is the existence of metal losses to the slag which limits the process efficiency. These metal losses can be both chemical, e.g. copperoxide, or mechanical via the entrainment of metallic droplets. Both problems could be solved via a submerged arc electrical furnace which can serve as both a decantation and reduction furnace. Within this furnace, electrodes are immersed in the slag and the electrical current from these electrodes is converted to heat via the Joule effect. Essential in this type of heating is the slag’s resistance and thus its dependency on the slag’s electrical conductivity, which makes it an important process parameter. Unfortunately, electrical conductivity data is limited for secondary copper smelter slags. Therefore, an experimental setup and methodology was developed and tested for a simple binary SiO2-PbO system which was already investigated by several authors via a two-electrode setup. Our tests concluded that our results agree with those obtained from literature in terms of their absolute value, the temperature dependency and PbO content even though a different setup was used. Therefore, it was concluded that valid experimental data can be obtained via our setup and methodology.
Analytical exciton energies in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides
Creators: name: Dinh, Hanh T.
name: Phan, Ngoc-Hung
name: Ly, Duy-Nhat
name: Le, Dai-Nam
name: Hoang, Ngoc-Tram D.
name: Nguyen, Nhat-Quang
name: Doan, Phuoc-Thien
name: Le, Van-Hoang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive an analytical expression for $s$-state exciton energies in monolayer transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs): $E_{\text{ns}}=-{\text{Ry}}^*\times P_n/{(n-1/2+0.479\, r^*_0/κ)^2}$, $n=1,2,...$, where $r^*_0$ and $κ$ are the dimensionless screening length and dielectric constant of the surrounding medium; $\text{Ry}^*$ is an effective Rydberg energy scaled by the dielectric constant and exciton reduced mass; $P_n(r^*_0/κ)$ is a function of variables $n$ and $r^*_0/κ$. Its values are around 1.0 so we consider it a term that corrects the Rydberg energy. Despite the simple form, the suggested formula gives exciton energies with high precision compared to the exact numerical solutions that accurately describe recent experimental data for a large class of TMDC materials, including WSe$_2$, WS$_2$, MoSe$_2$, MoS$_2$, and MoTe$_2$. To achieve these results, we have developed a so-called regulated perturbation theory by combining the conventional perturbation method with several elements of the Feranchuk-Komarov operator method, including the Levi-Civita transformation, the algebraic calculation technique via the annihilation and creation operators, and the introduction of a free parameter to optimize the convergence rate of the perturbation series. This universal form of exciton energies could be helpful in various physical analyses, including retrieval of the material parameters such as reduced exciton mass and screening length from the available measured exciton energies.
description: 5 pages, 1 figure, 3 tables, 1 supplementary
4D Higher Spin Black Holes with Nonlinear Scalar Fluctuations
Creators: name: Iazeolla, Carlo
name: Sundell, Per
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct an infinite-dimensional space of solutions to Vasiliev's equations in four dimensions that are asymptotic to AdS spacetime and superpose massless scalar particle modes over static higher spin black holes. Each solution is obtained by a large gauge transformation of an all-order perturbatively defined particular solution given in a simple gauge, in which the spacetime connection vanishes, the twistor space connection is holomorphic, and all local degrees of freedom are encoded into the residual twistor space dependence of the spacetime zero-forms. The latter are expanded over two dual spaces of Fock space operators, corresponding to scalar particle and static black hole modes, equipped with positive definite sesquilinear and bilinear forms, respectively. Switching on an AdS vacuum gauge function, the twistor space connection becomes analytic at generic spacetime points, which makes it possible to reach Vasiliev's gauge, in which Fronsdal fields arise asymptotically, by another large transformation given here at first order. The particle and black hole modes are related by a twistor space Fourier transform, resulting in a black hole backreaction already at the second order of classical perturbation theory. We speculate on the existence of a fine-tuned branch of moduli space that is free from black hole modes and directly related to the quasi-local deformed Fronsdal theory. Finally, we comment on a possible interpretation of the higher spin black hole solutions as black-hole microstates.
description: 63 pages + appendices; v2: reference added; v3: comments and references added, typos corrected
Subleading Power Corrections for N-Jettiness Subtractions
Creators: name: Moult, Ian
name: Rothen, Lorena
name: Stewart, Iain W.
name: Tackmann, Frank J.
name: Zhu, Hua Xing
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The $N$-jettiness observable $\mathcal{T}_N$ provides a way of describing the leading singular behavior of the $N$-jet cross section in the $τ=\mathcal{T}_N/Q \to 0$ limit, where $Q$ is a hard interaction scale. We consider subleading power corrections in the $τ\ll 1$ expansion, and employ soft-collinear effective theory to obtain analytic results for the dominant $α_s τ\lnτ$ and $α_s^2 τ\ln^3τ$ subleading terms for thrust in $e^+e^-$ collisions and $0$-jettiness for $q\bar q$-initiated Drell-Yan-like processes at hadron colliders. These results can be used to significantly improve the numerical accuracy and stability of the $N$-jettiness subtraction technique for performing fixed-order calculations at NLO and NNLO. They reduce the size of missing power corrections in the subtractions by an order of magnitude. We also point out that the precise definition of $N$-jettiness has an important impact on the size of the power corrections and thus the numerical accuracy of the subtractions. The sometimes employed definition of $N$-jettiness in the hadronic center-of-mass frame suffers from power corrections that grow exponentially with rapidity, causing the power expansion to deteriorate away from central rapidity. This degradation does not occur for the original $N$-jettiness definition, which explicitly accounts for the boost of the Born process relative to the frame of the hadronic collision, and has a well-behaved power expansion throughout the entire phase space. Integrated over rapidity, using this $N$-jettiness definition in the subtractions yields another order of magnitude improvement compared to employing the hadronic-frame definition.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures. v2. Updated to journal version
The Future of Preoperative Planning for Liver Cancer: From CT-Scan in the 20th Century to Computational Model in the 21st Century
Creators: name: Bomberna, Tim
name: Debbaut, Charlotte
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Since the development of CT-imaging in the 20th century, medical imaging has transformed the field of preoperative surgical planning. Today, 3D reconstructions of patient-specific anatomies are increasingly being used as input for computational models of various treatments. These treatment models can assist the clinician in comparing different treatment scenarios preoperatively and choosing the most optimal one for each patient-specific situation, thereby increasing health outcomes. Specifically, for liver cancer, we have developed a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model in Fluent (Ansys, USA) of blood (ρ: 1060 kg/m^3) and drug particle (ρ: 1060 kg/m^3, diameter: 40 µm) flow in the hepatic arteries perfusing the tumor, based on the conebeam CT images of a patient with primary liver cancer treated at UZ Leuven. This CFD model allows us to predict the impact of various interventional parameters on the tumor dose distribution. For example, a microcatheter (length: 80 mm, diameter: 0.7 mm) positioned near the wall led to a much more uniform dose distribution than a microcatheter positioned at the center of the vessel. However, the total dose delivered to the tumor was only 43.2% for the off-center catheter, and 49.3% for the central position. These results show that different microcatheter positions can have a significant impact on both tumor dose and tumor dose distribution. Success stories of preoperative planning software companies like HeartFlow and FEops have shown the incredible potential of computational models in medicine. However, many of these computational models, including our own, need to be validated for a wide range of patients first before being integrated into clinical practice. Additionally, high computational complexity is another factor that might hamper clinical integration. In the near future, as medical imaging has done in the previous century, computational modelling might be the next big step in transforming the field of preoperative surgical planning.
Correlated Uncertainties in Monte Carlo Reaction Rate Calculations
Creators: name: Longland, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Context. Monte Carlo methods have enabled nuclear reaction rates from uncertain inputs to be presented in a statistically meaningful manner. However, these uncertainties are currently computed assuming no correlations between the physical quantities that enter those calculations. This is not always an appropriate assumption. Astrophysically important reactions are often dominated by resonances, whose properties are usually normalized to a well-known reference resonance. This insight provides a basis from which to develop a flexible framework for including correlations in Monte Carlo reaction rate calculations. Aims. The aim of this work is to develop and test a method for including correlations in Monte Carlo reaction rate calculations when the input has been normalized to a common reference. Methods. A mathematical framework is developed for including correlations between input parameters in Monte Carlo reaction rate calculations. The magnitude of those correlations is calculated from the uncertainties typically reported in experimental papers, where full correlation information is not available. The method is applied to four illustrative examples: a fictional 3-resonance reaction, $^{27}$Al(p,$γ$)$^{28}$Si, $^{23}$Na(p,$α$)$^{20}$Ne, and $^{23}$Na($α$,p)$^{26}$Al. Results. Reaction rates at low temperatures that are dominated by a few isolated resonances are found to minimally impacted by correlation effects. However, reaction rates determined from many overlapping resonances can be significantly affected. Uncertainties in the $^{23}$Na($α$,p)$^{26}$Al reaction, for example, increase by up to a factor of 5. This highlights the need to take correlation effects into account in reaction rate calculations, and provide insight into which cases are expected to be most affected by them. The impact of correlation effects on nucleosynthesis is also investigated.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures, accepted to Astronomy and Astrophysics. Typographical errors corrected
Negativity spectrum in 1D gapped phases of matter
Creators: name: Mbeng, Glen Bigan
name: Alba, Vincenzo
name: Calabrese, Pasquale
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the spectrum of the partial transpose (negativity spectrum) of two adjacent regions in gapped one-dimensional models. We show that, in the limit of large regions, the negativity spectrum is entirely reconstructed from the entanglement spectrum of the bipartite system. We exploit this result in the XXZ spin chain, for which the entanglement spectrum is known by means of the corner transfer matrix. We find that the negativity spectrum levels are equally spaced, the spacing being half that in the entanglement spectrum. Moreover, the degeneracy of the spectrum is described by elegant combinatorial formulas, which are related to the counting of integer partitions. We also derive the asymptotic distribution of the negativity spectrum. We provide exact results for the logarithmic negativity and for the moments of the partial transpose. They exhibit unusual scaling corrections in the limit $Δ\to1^+$ with a corrections exponent which is the same as that for the Rényi entropies.
description: 20 pages, 7 figures. As published. Contribution to the special issue of J. Phys. A: "John Cardy's scale-invariant journey in low dimensions: a special issue for his 70th birthday"
Uncovering the host galaxy of the $γ$-ray-emitting narrow-line Seyfert 1 galaxy FBQS J1644+2619
Creators: name: D'Ammando, Filippo
name: Acosta-Pulido, Jose A.
name: Capetti, Alessandro
name: Raiteri, Claudia M.
name: Baldi, Ranieri D.
name: Orienti, Monica
name: Almeida, Cristina Ramos
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The discovery of $γ$-ray emission from radio-loud narrow-line Seyfert 1 (NLSy1) galaxies has questioned the need for large black hole masses (> 10$^8$ M$_{\odot}$) to launch relativistic jets. We present near-infrared data of the $γ$-ray-emitting NLSy1 FBQS J1644+2619 that were collected using the camera CIRCE (Canarias InfraRed Camera Experiment) at the 10.4-m Gran Telescopio Canarias to investigate the structural properties of its host galaxy and to infer the black hole mass. The 2D surface brightness profile is modelled by the combination of a nuclear and a bulge component with a Sérsic profile with index $n$ = 3.7, indicative of an elliptical galaxy. The structural parameters of the host are consistent with the correlations of effective radius and surface brightness against absolute magnitude measured for elliptical galaxies. From the bulge luminosity, we estimated a black hole mass of (2.1$\pm$0.2) $\times$10$^8$ M$_{\odot}$, consistent with the values characterizing radio-loud active galactic nuclei.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures, 1 table. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society Letter, Vol. 469, L11-L15