cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Correlates and Determinants of Direct Democracy
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Blume, Lorenz
name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Voigt, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: Endogenous Constitutions.
Referendums
Economics
Wirtschaft
Initiatives
Direct Democracy

description: This paper studies correlates and determinants of direct democracy institutions (DDIs), such as referendums and initiatives, based on the premise that constitutions themselves are endogenous. Our sample covers as many as 132 countries from 1950 to 2006. We find that the likelihood that a country includes DDIs in its constitution increases over time, particularly during the 1990s and 2000s. In our econometric analysis, we employ a two-tier approach, the first tier analyzing the time-invariant factors associated with the existence of DDIs, the second tier focusing on changes in time-variant factors. We discover that (i) new constitutions make the introduction of DDIs more likely; (ii) the degree of democratization is positively related to constitutions containing DDIs; (iii) an increase in the number of riots and assassinations raises the likelihood of constitutionally anchoring DDIs; (iv) if political leaders achieved power or were removed from office through irregular means, the introduction of DDIs is more likely; if they leave office due to health reasons, DDIs are less likely to be included in the constitution; and (v) religious fractionalization is negatively associated with the possibility of referendums.
Free-form Grale lens inversion of galaxy clusters with up to 1000 multiple images
Creators: name: Ghosh, Agniva
name: Williams, Liliya L. R.
name: Liesenborgs, Jori
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In the near future, ultra deep observations of galaxy clusters with HST or JWST will uncover $300-1000$ lensed multiple images, increasing the current count per cluster by up to an order of magnitude. This will further refine our view of clusters, leading to a more accurate and precise mapping of the total and dark matter distribution in clusters, and enabling a better understanding of background galaxy population and their luminosity functions. However, to effectively use that many images as input to lens inversion will require a re-evaluation of, and possibly upgrades to the existing methods. In this paper we scrutinize the performance of the free-form lens inversion method Grale in the regime of $150-1000$ input images, using synthetic massive galaxy clusters. Our results show that with an increasing number of input images, Grale produces improved reconstructed mass distributions, with the fraction of the lens plane recovered at better than $10\%$ accuracy increasing from $40-50\%$ for $\sim\!\!150$ images to $65\%$ for $\sim\!1000$ images. The reconstructed time delays imply a more precise measurement of $H_0$, with $\lesssim 1\%$ bias. While the fidelity of the reconstruction improves with the increasing number of multiple images used as model constraints, $\sim 150$ to $\sim 1000$, the lens plane rms deteriorates from $\sim 0.11''$ to $\sim 0.28''$. Since lens plane rms is not necessarily the best indicator of the quality of the mass reconstructions, looking for an alternative indicator is warranted.
description: 18 pages, 12 figures, MNRAS, in press
Essays on Corporate Governance
Creators: name: Unali, Valeria
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: This thesis consists of three theoretical essays, all concerned with the contribution of corporate governance to the creation of firm value. In the first essay, A Signalling Model on the Co-Determination of Capital Structure and Corporate Governance, a firm signals its productivity to external investors through either the decision on which security to issue and/or its governance. Agency costs arise due to the manager's ability to divert profits. The manager is induced to behave through either costless tight governance; or costly incentive-pay under a loose governance. We show that: a) as signalling instruments, debt and loose governance are substitutes; b) the relationship between good governance and productivity can be non-monotonic depending on the agency costs. In the second essay, Optimal governance, CEO pay and the availability of better CEOs, shareholders have to provide effort incentives to a manager who: i) enjoys private benefits from retention; and ii) may become an unsuitable match after hiring. To maximize ex-ante profits, shareholders controls the manager's pay and the independence of the board that has to decide on his retention. We solve for the two instruments simultaneously and find that managerial entrenchment is used as an effective incentive tool along with pay. The optimal contract, which is renegotiation-proof, explains firms' rigidity to changes. In the third essay, Is reward for failure the way to incentivize managers to adapt?, we show that pay-for-bad performance and the adoption of anti-takeover measures that protect low-performing managers may result from shareholders' interest to give status-seeking managers the right incentives to increase firm's adaptability to market changes when: a) manager's compensation is based on short-term pro?ts, but his status depends on retention; and b) the manager is multitasking. Furthermore, both the size of the golden parachutes and the performance-sensitivity of turnover ultimately depend on how status affects manager's risk attitudes.
title: Adaptation vs. climate protection: Responses to climate change and policy preferences of individuals in China, Germany, and the USA
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schwirplies, Claudia
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: climate change
climate protection
policy preferences
Economics
Wirtschaft
Adaptation

description: This paper investigates the interrelation between adaptation and climate protection efforts of individuals in a cross-country comparison. The theoretical predictions based on a subjective utility framework demonstrate that, at the individual level, private adaptation and climate protection activities are determined by different factors and thus cannot be substitutes. Considering seven climate protection and four adaptation measures, these theoretical predictions are tested empirically using representative data from more than 3400 citizens in China, Germany, and the USA. The empirical findings are consistent with the theoretical predictions that the engagement in adaptation and climate protection activities tends to be positively related. While climate protection efforts seem to be mainly driven by their benefits (e.g., financial advantages or feelings of warm glow), adaptation activities are significantly influenced by a higher income and the individual evaluation of the risk that negative consequences from climate change occur. There is also some evidence that a perceived lack of public engagement in climate protection is compensated by increased private adaptation and climate protection efforts. Preferences for public adaptation and climate protection are significantly determined by individuals’ beliefs about the efforts of others, social norms, feelings of warm glow, and confidence in the effectiveness.
Comparison of Water Allocation Strategies for Wheat Production in the Texas Panhandle
Creators: name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Almas, Lal K.
name: Colette, W. Arden
name: Almas, Lal K.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: irrigation efficiency
subject: water response function
subject: input use optimization
subject: ET

description: The declining availability of irrigation water from the Ogallala aquifer combined with increasing energy costs make irrigation strategies much more critical. Irrigation strategies that maximize returns to irrigation require less water and achieve higher returns than strategies aimed at satisfying 100% of the crops evapotranspiration (ET) requirements.
LOFAR 144-MHz follow-up observations of GW170817
Creators: name: Broderick, J. W.
name: Shimwell, T. W.
name: Gourdji, K.
name: Rowlinson, A.
name: Nissanke, S.
name: Hotokezaka, K.
name: Jonker, P. G.
name: Tasse, C.
name: Hardcastle, M. J.
name: Oonk, J. B. R.
name: Fender, R. P.
name: Wijers, R. A. M. J.
name: Shulevski, A.
name: Stewart, A. J.
name: ter Veen, S.
name: Moss, V. A.
name: van der Wiel, M. H. D.
name: Nichols, D. A.
name: Piette, A.
name: Bell, M. E.
name: Carbone, D.
name: Corbel, S.
name: Eislöffel, J.
name: Grießmeier, J. -M.
name: Keane, E. F.
name: Law, C. J.
name: Muñoz-Darias, T.
name: Pietka, M.
name: Serylak, M.
name: van der Horst, A. J.
name: van Leeuwen, J.
name: Wijnands, R.
name: Zarka, P.
name: Anderson, J. M.
name: Bentum, M. J.
name: Blaauw, R.
name: Brouw, W. N.
name: Brüggen, M.
name: Ciardi, B.
name: de Vos, M.
name: Duscha, S.
name: Fallows, R. A.
name: Franzen, T. M. O.
name: Garrett, M. A.
name: Gunst, A. W.
name: Hoeft, M.
name: Hörandel, J. R.
name: Iacobelli, M.
name: Jütte, E.
name: Koopmans, L. V. E.
name: Krankowski, A.
name: Maat, P.
name: Mann, G.
name: Mulder, H.
name: Nelles, A.
name: Paas, H.
name: Pandey-Pommier, M.
name: Pekal, R.
name: Reich, W.
name: Röttgering, H. J. A.
name: Schwarz, D. J.
name: Smirnov, O.
name: Soida, M.
name: Toribio, M. C.
name: van Haarlem, M. P.
name: van Weeren, R. J.
name: Vocks, C.
name: Wucknitz, O.
name: Zucca, P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present low-radio-frequency follow-up observations of AT 2017gfo, the electromagnetic counterpart of GW170817, which was the first binary neutron star merger to be detected by Advanced LIGO-Virgo. These data, with a central frequency of 144 MHz, were obtained with LOFAR, the Low-Frequency Array. The maximum elevation of the target is just 13.7 degrees when observed with LOFAR, making our observations particularly challenging to calibrate and significantly limiting the achievable sensitivity. On time-scales of 130-138 and 371-374 days after the merger event, we obtain 3$σ$ upper limits for the afterglow component of 6.6 and 19.5 mJy beam$^{-1}$, respectively. Using our best upper limit and previously published, contemporaneous higher-frequency radio data, we place a limit on any potential steepening of the radio spectrum between 610 and 144 MHz: the two-point spectral index $α^{610}_{144} \gtrsim -2.5$. We also show that LOFAR can detect the afterglows of future binary neutron star merger events occurring at more favourable elevations.
description: 9 pages, 2 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS
Calibrating Online Survey Sample for Economic Impact Analysis
Creators: name: Devkota, Nirmala
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Fannin, James Matthew
name: Hall, Larry M.
name: Caffey, Rex H.
name: Devkota, Nirmala
name: Paudel, Krishna P.
name: Fannin, James Matthew
name: Hall, Larry M.
name: Caffey, Rex H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Research Methods/ Statistical Methods
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: calibration
subject: online survey
subject: onsite survey
subject: stochastic frontier approach

description: Online surveys have emerged as low-cost data collection approach in empirical researches; however, the validity of data remains questionable. Therefore, we employed a stochastic frontier estimation method to calibrate online recreational expenditure. Study results suggested the presence of inefficiency on online surveys. Analysis was extended to estimate economic impact of nature based recreation on a local economy.
Gene drive dynamics in natural populations: The importance of density-dependence, space and sex
Creators: name: Dhole, Sumit
name: Lloyd, Alun L
name: Gould, Fred
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Populations and Evolution (q-bio.PE)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The spread of synthetic gene drives is often discussed in the context of panmictic populations connected by gene flow and described with simple deterministic models. Under such assumptions, an entire species could be altered by releasing a single individual carrying an invasive gene drive, such as a standard homing drive. While this remains a theoretical possibility, gene drive spread in natural populations is more complex and merits a more realistic assessment. The fate of any gene drive released in a population would be inextricably linked to the ecology of the population. Given the uncertainty often involved in ecological assessment of natural populations, understanding the sensitivity of gene drive spread to important ecological factors is critical. Here we review how different forms of density-dependence, spatial heterogeneity and mating behaviors can impact the spread of self-sustaining gene drives. We highlight specific aspects of gene drive dynamics and the target populations that need further research.
Magnetic properties of colloidal suspensions of interacting magnetic particles
Creators: name: Huke, B.
name: Luecke, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We review equilibrium thermodynamic properties of systems of magnetic particles like ferrofluids in which dipolar interactions play an important role. The review is focussed on two subjects: ({\em i}) the magnetization with the initial magnetic susceptibility as a special case and ({\em ii}) the phase transition behavior. Here the condensation ("gas/liquid") transition in the subsystem of the suspended particles is treated as well as the isotropic/ferromagnetic transition to a state with spontaneously generated long--range magnetic order.
description: Review. 62 pages, 4 figures
Urban Street Food Vendors in the Food Provisioning System of Hyderabad
Creators: name: Wipper, Marlis
name: Dittrich, Christoph
name: Wipper, Marlis
name: Dittrich, Christoph
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Community/Rural/Urban Development
subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
subject: Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
subject: Resource /Energy Economics and Policy
subject: urban food system
subject: street food vending
subject: Hyderabad

description: This preparatory case study provides an overview of the issue of the street food vending system in the South Indian emerging megacity of Hyderabad. It analyses the organisational structure and changing institutional arrangements of the urban roadside food vending system, looks at important livelihood aspects of the street vendors and examines the role street food plays in the urban food provisioning system. Primary research was carried out to collect empirical data on these issues. Embedded in a literature review, major problems and challenges of the street food vending system of Hyderabad are discussed. The findings point to the necessity for further action-research.
Additional file 1 of End-of-life care for people with advanced dementia and pain: a qualitative study in Swedish nursing homes
Creators: name: Lundin, Emma
name: Godskesen, Tove E.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1 : Table 2. Interview guide.
title: Feedback and Emotions in the Trust Game
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bischoff, Ivo
name: Ihtiyar, Özcan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: Feedback
Emotions
Economics
Wirtschaft
Short-run affect
Trust Game

description: We conduct an experiment on the impact of feedback in the Trust Game. In our treatment group, the Trustee has the opportunity to give feedback to the Investor (free in choice of wording and contents). The feedback option is found to reduce the share of Investors who sent no resources to the Trustee, while the impact on average behavior is less pronounced. The notion proposed by Xiao and Houser (2005, PNAS) according to which verbal feedback and monetary sanctions are substitutes is not supported. We use the PANAS-scale (Mackinnon et al., 1999) to capture change in subjects’ short-run affective state during the experiment. Receiving feedback has an impact on the Investors’ short-run affective state but giving feedback is not found to have an effect on Trustees’ short-run affective state.
Interplay between superconductivity and non-Fermi liquid at a quantum critical point in a metal. II. The $γ$-model at a finite $T$ for $0
Creators: name: Wu, Yiming
name: Abanov, Artem
name: Wang, Yuxuan
name: Chubukov, Andrey V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this paper we continue the analysis of the interplay between non-Fermi liquid and superconductivity for quantum-critical systems, the low-energy physics of which is described by an effective model with dynamical electron-electron interaction $V(Ω_m) \propto 1/|Ω_m|^γ$ (the $γ$ model). In paper I [A. Abanov and A. V. Chubukov, Phys Rev B. 102, 024524 (2020)] two of us analyzed the $γ$ model at $T=0$ for $0 N_{cr}$ and remains finite for $N < N_{cr}$. This is consistent with the $T =0$ analysis.
description: 35 pp, 14 figs. Replaced with the published version. The second paper in the series. The first one is arXiv:2004.13220 (Phys Rev B. 102, 024524 (2020))
Dissociation dynamics of a Bose-Einstein condensate of molecules
Creators: name: Jack, Michael W.
name: Pu, Han
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Other Condensed Matter (cond-mat.other)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An unstable condensate of diatomic molecules will coherently disassociate into correlated pairs of atoms. This dissociation process exhibits very rich quantum dynamics depending on the quantum statistics of the constituent atoms. We show that in the case of bosonic atoms Bose-enhancement can lead to stimulated dissociation, whereas, in the case of fermions Pauli-blocking of the available states and a build-up of coherence between molecules and atom pairs can give rise to incomplete dissociation of the molecules and transient association-dissociation oscillations.
description: 5 pages, 3 figures. to appear in PRA
Achieving sustainable food security and poverty reduction through consumer cooperatives in Hyderabad
Creators: name: Helmerich, Juliana
name: Moid, Ma
name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Wulf, Bernd
name: Helmerich, Juliana
name: Moid, Ma
name: Hanisch, Markus
name: Wulf, Bernd
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: Agricultural and Food Policy
Environmental Economics and Policy
Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety
Food Security and Poverty
Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies
Resource /Energy Economics and Policy

description: The Old Town of Hyderabad is characterized by a great number of low-income households, poor infrastructure and limited access to basic amenities, subsequently resulting in high crime rates. In this very traditional and religious society, the majority of the women in the Bastis of the old town face restrictions, discrimination and inequality as well as the struggle for basic nutritional intake every day. To help them with their daily responsibilities and add value to their lives the Confederation of Voluntary Associations (COVA) has initiated self-organized self-help groups (SHG), which encourage these women to save money so that, further down the line, they can take a loan. This micro-credit approach has been successfully implemented in rural areas. In Hyderabad Roshan Vikas Thrift and Credit based SHGs have operated for the past 7 years. The goal in founding the Women’s Consumer Cooperatives (WCC) in December 2005 was to organize a sustainable independent cooperative that ensures food security, with a subsequent empowerment of women and a linkage with rural producers in the future. Under these conditions, food security is the basis for being able to look for new sources of income. A survey to study the economic and social background, the functioning and future perspectives of over 200 members of different cooperative groups in rural and urban areas around the future megacity Hyderabad, begun in September 2006. The following study reveals that members of the cooperative and SHG groups in rural and urban areas, despite their low earnings and educational levels, are interested in making an effort to better their lives, especially by enhancing their food security. On the other hand, managerial and organizational limits restrict certain approaches and methods. The women expressed their opinions about these concerns and problems. The study also reveals the nature of socio-economic impacts on the lives of the members. It looked at present empirical realities in the framework of Security, Empowerment, Civil Society and Rural Development, with the assumption that the vulnerability of low income households regarding liquidity, health and nutrition in the context of rapidly expanding cities is a prime obstacle in the sustainable development of women. In the process, various issues were noticed which were found to be relevant for the performance and future direction of Women’s Consumer Cooperatives in Hyderabad.
Discovering and Characterising Exoplanets with the Next Generation Transit Survey
Creators: name: Raynard, Liam
Publisher: name: University of Leicester
Year: 2020
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: The Next Generation Transit Survey (NGTS) is a ground-based transiting exoplanet survey, whose aim is to discover Neptune and sub-Neptune sized planets orbiting bright, late-K and early M-type host stars (mv < 13). In fulfilment of the exoplanet and auxiliary science yield of the project, I characterise the mass, radius and orbital parameters of two interesting systems discovered: (1) An M-dwarf binary system with fully convective atmospheres; (2) A Jupiter sized planet in a 4.5 day orbit (Hot-Jupiter). I achieve this via Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) global modelling of photometric lightcurves and Radial Velocity (RV) curves. In addition, I show that the exoplanet candidate vetting process can be made more efficient by automatically vetting candidates with a Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) prior to human scrutiny.
title: Sectoral FDI and Economic Growth — Evidence from Egyptian Governorates
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hanafy, Shima’a
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: Egypt.
Economics
Wirtschaft
sectoral FDI
Foreign direct investment
economic growth

description: This paper investigates the effect of sectoral foreign direct investment (FDI) on economic growth in Egypt, using a novel panel dataset of 26 Egyptian governorates for the period 1992–2007. The growth literature is robust with the benefits of using a within-country dataset for such a research question (Ford et al., 2008). Despite the large number of theoretical models on the channels through which FDI can enhance economic growth, empirical findings are still inconclusive. We argue that one possible reason for the ambiguous effect is the use of aggregate FDI data across different sectors. Our results show no significant effect of aggregate FDI stock on economic growth in Egyptian governorates, which can be partly explained by the contradictory growth effects of FDI at the sectoral level. We find a positive effect of manufacturing FDI, a negative effect of agricultural FDI and no significant effect of services FDI on economic growth.
Anomalous dimensions for $ϕ^n$ in scale invariant $d=3$ theory
Creators: name: Jack, I.
name: Jones, D. R. T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recently it was shown that the scaling dimension of the operator $ϕ^n$ in scale-invariant $d=3$ theory may be computed semiclassically, and this was verified to leading order (two loops) in perturbation theory at leading and subleading $n$. Here we extend this verification to six loops, once again at leading and subleading $n$. We then perform a similar exercise for a theory with a multiplet of real scalars and an $O(N)$ invariant hexic interaction. We also investigate the strong-coupling regime for this example.
description: 25 pages, 8 figures, 4 tables. Uses tikz. Additional references and acknowledgements added. Minor corrections and additions made
Exciton states in cylindrical nanowires
Creators: name: Slachmuylders, A. F.
name: Partoens, B.
name: Magnus, W.
name: Peeters, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The exciton ground state and excited state energies are calculated for a model system of an infinitely long cylindrical wire. The effective Coulomb potential between the electron and the hole is studied as function of the wire radius. Within the adiabatic approximation, we obtain `exact' numerical results for the effective exciton potential and the lowest exciton energy levels which are fitted to simple analytical expressions. Furthermore, we investigated the influence of a magnetic field parallel to the nanowire on the effective potential and the exciton energy.
description: 9 pages, 9 figures. Submitted for publication to PRB. Figures must be downloaded seperately
Lessons from the Danish ban on feed-grade antibiotics
Creators: name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
name: Hayes, Dermot J.
name: Jensen, Helen H.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: antibiotics
subject: economic costs of regulation
subject: food safety
subject: pork production

description: McDonald's Corporation, one of the largest buyers of meat in the U.S. fast-food industry, recently adopted a policy that prohibits its direct suppliers from using medically important antibiotics as growth promotants in food animals after 2004. Although the implications of such a voluntary ban in the United States remain to be seen, recent experiences in Denmark provide some comparable evidence on the effects for hog production. An economic analysis, compiled from information gleaned from interviews with Danish veterinarians, farmers, economists, and industry analysts, estimates the economic costs of an antibiotics ban on pork producers in the United States. Denmark first imposed a ban in pork production at the finishing stage, which was considered a success, with producers encountering few additional costs. When the country further implemented a ban at the weaning stage, producers encountered severe health problems and incurred large costs. In addition, a complete ban actually increased the total antibiotics used, as Danish veterinarians were forced to prescribe additional therapeutic agents-and prescribed those used most often in human medicine. The economic analysis of U.S. hog production indicates that a U.S. ban would increase costs by approximately $4.50 per animal in the first year. The total cost of a ban to the U.S. pork industry spread across a ten-year period could be in excess of $700 million.
title: Offset carbon emissions or pay a price premium for avoiding them? A cross-country analysis of motives for climate protection activities
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Schwirplies, Claudia
name: Ziegler, Andreas
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: climate change
climate protection
carbon offsetting
price premium
Public good
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: This paper contributes to the economic literature on pure and impure public goods by considering two alternatives for contributing to the public good climate protection: compensating carbon emissions from conventional consumption or paying higher prices for climate-friendly products. We analytically and empirically examine a wide range of motives and their impact on individuals’ choice in favor of these two alternatives. Relying on data from representative surveys among more than 2000 participants from Germany and the USA, our results indicate that environmental awareness, warm glow motives, and the desire to set a good example significantly motivate the choice of both climate protection activities in both countries. However, some motives differ considerably between both alternatives and countries. A green identity enhances the willingness to pay a price premium for climate-friendly goods or services in Germany, while social norms seem to be of much higher relevance in the USA. Our results further suggest that the choice of climate protection activities, especially of carbon offsetting, entails a high degree of uncertainty.
Finite-temperature coupled cluster: Efficient implementation and application to prototypical systems
Creators: name: White, Alec F.
name: Chan, Garnet Kin-Lic
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the theory and implementation of the finite temperature coupled cluster singles and doubles (FT-CCSD) method including the equations necessary for an efficient implementation of response properties. Numerical aspects of the method including the truncation of the orbital space and integration of the amplitude equations are tested on some simple systems, and we provide some guidelines for applying the method in practice. The method is then applied to the 1D Hubbard model, the uniform electron gas at warm, dense conditions, and some simple materials. The performance on model systems at high temperatures is encouraging: for the 1-dimensional Hubbard model FT-CCSD provides a qualitatively accurate description of finite-temperature correlation effects even at $U = 8$, and it allows for the computation of systematically improvable exchange-correlation energies of the warm, dense UEG over a wide range of conditions. We highlight the obstacles that remain in using the method for realistic {\it ab initio} calculations on materials.
On a class of sublinear singular elliptic problems with convection term
Creators: name: Ghergu, Marius
name: Radulescu, Vicentiu
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We establish several results related to existence, nonexistence or bifurcation of positive solutions for a Dirichlet boundary value problem with in a smooth bounded domain. The main feature of this paper consists in the presence of a singular nonlinearity, combined with a convection term. Our approach takes into account both the sign of the potential and the decay rate around the origin of the singular nonlinearity. The proofs are based on various techniques related to the maximum principle for elliptic equations.
Additional file 4 of The effects of model complexity and size on metabolic flux distribution and control: case study in Escherichia coli
Creators: name: Hameri, Tuure
name: Fengos, Georgios
name: Hatzimanikatis, Vassily
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 80699 Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: 19999 Mathematical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Cancer
subject: Computational Biology

description: Additional file 4. Document with additional figures, details about methods and further analysis carried out in this study. Thermodynamic-based variability analysis was performed to study the feasible ranges of metabolic flux across central carbon reactions for D1-3 models. Flux control coefficients for other reactions were analyzed to see how they are affected by model complexity. Mathematical formulations of the kinetic mechanisms describing the reactions in the kinetic models are also provided.
Hall cascade with fractional magnetic helicity in neutron star crusts
Creators: name: Brandenburg, Axel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The ohmic decay of magnetic fields in the crusts of neutron stars is generally believed to be governed by Hall drift which leads to what is known as a Hall cascade. Here we show that helical and fractionally helical magnetic fields undergo strong inverse cascading like in magnetohydrodynamics (MHD), but the magnetic energy decays more slowly with time $t$: $\propto t^{-2/5}$ instead of $\propto t^{-2/3}$ in MHD. Even for a nonhelical magnetic field there is a certain degree of inverse cascading for sufficiently strong magnetic fields. The inertial range scaling with wavenumber $k$ is compatible with earlier findings for the forced Hall cascade, i.e., proportional to $k^{-7/3}$, but in the decaying cases, the subinertial range spectrum steepens to a novel $k^5$ slope instead of the $k^4$ slope in MHD. The energy of the large-scale magnetic field can increase quadratically in time through inverse cascading. For helical fields, the energy dissipation is found to be inversely proportional to the large-scale magnetic field and proportional to the fifth power of the root-mean square (rms) magnetic field. For neutron star conditions with an rms magnetic field of a few times $10^{14}\,$G, the large-scale magnetic field might only be $10^{11}\,$G, while still producing magnetic dissipation of $10^{33}\,$erg$\,$s$^{-1}$ for thousands of years, which could manifest itself through X-ray emission. Finally, it is shown that the conclusions from local unstratified models agree rather well with those from stratified models with boundaries.
description: 14 pages, 17 figures, 5 tables, ApJ, in press
Der Text der soghdischen Evangelienbruchstücke und das Problem der Pešiṭta
Creators: name: Peters, Curt
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 33 Nr. 2 (1936): Oriens christianus, Band 33, Heft 2
Electronic instabilities in 3D arrays of small-diameter (3,3) carbon nanotubes
Creators: name: Gonzalez, J.
name: Perfetto, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the electronic instabilities of the small-diameter (3,3) carbon nanotubes by studying the low-energy perturbations of the normal Luttinger liquid regime. The bosonization approach is adopted to deal exactly with the interactions in the forward-scattering channels, while renormalization group methods are used to analyze the low-energy instabilities. In this respect, we take into account the competition between the effective e-e interaction mediated by phonons and the Coulomb interaction in backscattering and Umklapp channels. Moreover, we apply our analysis to relevant experimental conditions where the nanotubes are assembled into large three-dimensional arrays, which leads to an efficient screening of the Coulomb potential at small momentum-transfer. We find that the destabilization of the normal metallic behavior takes place through the onset of critical behavior in some of the two charge stiffnesses that characterize the Luttinger liquid state. From a physical point of view, this results in either a divergent compressibility or a vanishing renormalized velocity for current excitations at the point of the transition. We observe anyhow that this kind of critical behavior occurs without the development of any appreciable sign of superconducting correlations.
description: 10 pages, 12 figures
Lewis Beckford Memorial Lecture: Caribbean Economic Development in the Post Washington Consensus Period
Creators: name: Blake, Byron W.
name: Blake, Byron W.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Financial Economics
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Lewis Beckford
subject: Sir Arthur Lewis
subject: Caribbean development
subject: Washington consensus
subject: CARICOM countries
subject: negotiations
subject: sugar
subject: banana

description: These musings led me to the topic “Caribbean economic development in the post Washington consensus period”. While much of the presentation will relate to the English-speaking Caribbean, and more particularly the member states of the Caribbean community, we are acutely aware that both Lewis and Beckford had a much broader concept of the Caribbean and their influence has been much wider. We have structured the presentation in five parts as follows: I. A brief background II. Brief notes on Lewis and Beckford III. A summary view of the Washington consensus IV. Recent Caribbean economic performance; and V. Some pointers to the future of the Caribbean through Lewis/Beckford lenses
title: Individual Performance after Success and Failure - A Natural Experiment
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Bühren, Christoph
name: Krabel, Stefan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
performance
basketball
hot hand fallacy
overconfidence
psychological pressure
NBA
failure
success
natural experiment

description: The main goal of our study is to analyze how success and failure in crucial situations affect subsequent individual performance. Our study is based on evidence from a natural experiment of NBA (National Basketball Association) players: Based on play-by-play statistics of NBA games in 10 seasons (1818 observations of 345 sportsmen), we identify players who are responsible for the overtime by taking the last shot of the game. Players who miss the shot when the game is tied perform better in overtime than in the last quarter (within-subject comparison) but not significantly different to their game and season averages. Players who score the equalizer in the last shot of the regular game perform substantially worse in overtime compared to their 4th quarter performance as well as compared to their game and season averages. Yet the average performances in overtime of both groups do not differ significantly (between-subject comparison). We conclude that success in crucial situations leads to lower subsequent individual performance. Psychological explanations for this phenomenon, e.g. the role of overconfidence, are discussed. We argue that our findings can be transferred to behavior after success or failure in business settings since we have distinct identifications of performance and responsibility: the observed overtimes are clear and immediate outcomes of the last shots of our analyzed players; without their success or failure, the game would have been over after regular time.
Spin-Phonon Coupling and Thermodynamic Behaviour in YCrO3 and LaCrO3: Inelastic Neutron Scattering and Lattice Dynamics
Creators: name: Gupta, Mayanak K.
name: Mittal, Ranjan
name: Mishra, Sanjay K.
name: Goel, Prabhatasree
name: Singh, Baltej
name: Rols, Stephane
name: Chaplot, Samrath L.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We report detailed temperature-dependent inelastic neutron scattering and ab-initio lattice dynamics investigation of magnetic perovskites YCrO3 and LaCrO3. The magnetic neutron scattering from the Cr ions exhibits significant changes with temperature and dominates at low momentum transfer regime. Ab-inito calculations performed including magnetic interactions show that the effect of magnetic interaction is very signicant on the low- as well as high-energy phonon modes. We have also shown that the inelastic neutron spectrum of YCrO3 mimics the magnon spectrum from a G-type antiferromagnetic system, which is consistent with previously reported magnetic structure in the compound. The ab-initio lattice dynamics calculations in both the compounds exhibit anisotropic thermal expansion behaviour in the orthorhombic structure and predict negative thermal expansion along the crystallographic a-axis at low temperatures. We identify the anharmonic phonon modes responsible for this anamolous behaviour in LaCrO3 involving low-energy La vibrations and distortions of the CrO6 octahedra.
description: 29 Pages, 13 Figures
Off-lattice simulation of the solid phase DNA amplification
Creators: name: Krawczyk, M. J.
name: Kulakowski, K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Biomolecules (q-bio.BM)
subject: Quantitative Methods (q-bio.QM)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Recent simulations of the solid phase DNA amplification (SPA) by J.-F. Mercier et al (Biophys. J. 85 (2003) 2075) are generalized to include two kinds of primers and the off-lattice character of the primer distribution on the surface. The sigmoidal character of the primer occupation by DNA, observed experimentally, is reproduced in the simulation. We discuss an influence of two parameters on the efficience of the amplification process: the initial density p_0 of the occupied primers from the interfacial amplification and the ratio r of the molecule length to the average distance between primers. The number of cycles till the saturation decreases with p_0 roughly as p_0^{-0.26}. For r=1.5, the number of occupied primers is reduced by a factor two, when compared to the case of longer molecules. Below r=1.4, the effectivity of SPA is reduced by a factor 100.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures
CARICOM’s COMPETITIVENESS WITHIN THE US IMPORT MARKET FOR SPECIALTY CROPS: A SHIFT-SHARE ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Lowe, Garfield G.
name: Davis, Carlton George
name: Lowe, Garfield G.
name: Davis, Carlton George
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2007
Subjects: subject: Agricultural and Food Policy
subject: Agricultural Finance
subject: Crop Production/Industries
subject: International Relations/Trade
subject: Marketing
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: Competitiveness
subject: Specialty Crops
subject: CARICOM
subject: Shift-Share Analysis
subject: MAGIC

description: This paper is based on the premise that if CARICOM’s agricultural sector in general, and more specifically the export sub-sector, is to thrive in the rapidly changing trade environment there has to be a continuous systematic assessment of market opportunities and competitiveness status. Such an assessment however, requires a clear understanding of the multifaceted concept of competitiveness and its major determinants. This paper seeks to contribute to the regional discussion of competitiveness, through the exploration of the theoretical and empirical dimensions of the concept within the context of CARICOM’s export of specialty crops to the United States. The paper uses a methodology heavily based on the Module to Analyze the Growth of International Commerce (MAGIC) software program developed by the Economic Commission for Latin America and the Caribbean (ECLAC). This programming module uses a variation of the classical and modified shift share or constant market share (CMS) analyses. Findings suggest that CARICOM, over the period 1991-2004, has generally not been competitive in the US import market for fresh (non-processed) specialty crops. Only three crops (pepper, papaya, and coffee (not roasted) exhibited increased competitiveness. However, these crops held very low market shares and exhibited the highly transient nature of competitiveness. The challenge for the Region is how to effectively move these very low market shares to higher levels within the context of transient behavior and a fierce rivalry for the US import market. .
Negotiating space : geographies of the British Columbia treaty process
Creators: name: Hyndman, Marian
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: In this thesis, I examine the silent but powerful role of cartography in the British Columbia Treaty Commission (BCTC) process given the context of the current perception that it is not progressing as hoped. I explore how the requirement for a spatial articulation of each First Nation's traditional territory as a prerequisite to negotiations, coupled with the cartographic method in which First Nations have chosen to meet this requirement, has frustrated the opportunity for agreement later on in the negotiation process by setting the stage for cross-cultural misunderstanding between neighbouring Aboriginal groups and between neighbouring Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal groups. I also look at how post-colonial literature itself has served to frustrate the treaty negotiation process. I argue that while cartographic theory has assisted in post-colonial analyses, freeing First Nations from the colonial gaze and enabling a modern-day treaty process, post-colonial geography has created a new construct, that of the victim. By focusing on the power relations between the colonizer and the colonized, the postcolonial First Nation is empowered by virtue of its victimization, and not by a culture or history in the area since time immemorial. I further suggest that the victim construct is then protected from critique, in part by the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. I conclude by suggesting that the future success of First Nations comes from dismantling the victim construct, as some have begun to do, through techniques such as cartographic innovation.
title: The Optimal Monetary and Fiscal Policy Mix in a Financially Heterogeneous Monetary Union
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Palek, Jakob
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2015
Subjects: monetary union.
cost channel;financial frictions
optimal monetary policy;fiscal policy
credit spreads
Economics
Wirtschaft

description: Recent work on financial frictions in New Keynesian models suggest that there is a sizable spread between the risk-less interest rate and the borrowing rate. We analyze the optimal policy mix of monetary and fiscal authorities in a currency union with a country-specific credit spread by introducing a cost channel differ- ential. The cost channel decreases the efficiency of monetary policy and increases the need for fiscal stabilization. We show that the importance of fiscal policy in stabilizing shocks increases, when there is a gap in the inflation differential due to a relative shock, an idiosyncratic shock or a credit spread differential. The welfare losses will be increasing (decreasing) in the size of the cost channel, if the nominal interest rate is a demand- (supply-) side instrument.