cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Measuring and Improving the Safety and Quality of Care in Older Medical Inpatients
Creators: name: Long, Susannah
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2011

description: Older people, often frail with multiple co-morbidities, constitute the largest proportion of hospital inpatient populations. Yet existing ways of measuring the quality and safety of care that they receive are not usually designed with the unique problems encountered by this vulnerable population in mind. The aims of the work presented in this thesis were to investigate what is known about the types, incidence and causes of safety and quality issues in older medical inpatients, to develop and test novel tools to measure the safety and quality of care that they receive and finally to design and test interventions to improve care. In Section 1 of the thesis (Chapters 1 and 2), an introduction of patient safety and quality in older people is presented, with an overview of current strategies for measurement and improvement, and the rationale for undertaking this research. Section 2 (Chapters 3 - 5) contains three exploratory studies in which different approaches (a systematic review of the literature and re-analysis of the major adverse event studies, a qualitative study involving staff who are involved in the care of older people, and an exploratory retrospective case record review) were used to produce an overall picture of safety and quality issues in older medical inpatients. This information was used to develop two novel case record review tools (the “Long tool” and “COMPACT”) to measure the quality and safety of care in older medical inpatients, using a combination of outcome and process measures. Section 3 (Chapters 6 and 7) describes the development and testing of these tools. Next, Section 4 (Chapters 8 and 9) of the thesis consists of two studies which were designed to provide the basis for further safety and quality improvement work in older medical inpatients. In Chapter 8, an investigation of the importance and trainability of safety skills (attributes of the safe practitioner) that may form the basis of a template for future patient safety curricula is described. In Chapter 9, a different improvement approach is described - the development and use of a multidisciplinary goal sheet on a medicine for the elderly ward, its effect on quality of care as measured by COMPACT, on staff perceptions of the incidence of adverse events, teamwork and communication, and on goal understanding. Finally, the discussion (Section 5, Chapter 10) reflects on the overall findings, strengths and weaknesses of the studies, and implications for clinical practice and future research.
Arbeitsmotivation und Commitment in der Pflege
Creators: name: Cesaro, Nino
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2018
Subjects: Arbeitszufriedenheit
Arbeitsmotivation
Commitment
Qualitative Forschung

description: Durch Veränderungsprozesse werden Mitarbeitende immer wieder vor neue Herausforderungen gestellt. Diese Arbeit eruiert, wie die Arbeitsmotivation und das Commitment für die Mitarbeitenden des Zentrum Schlossmatt Burgdorf erhalten und gefördert werden können. Theoretische Konzepte dafür bilden die Zwei-Faktoren-Theorie von Herzberg (1959), das Job-Characteristics Model von Hackman und Oldham (1975) sowie die drei Commitment-Komponenten nach Meyer und Allen (1991). Die methodologische Grundlage dafür bilden 12 systematisierende Experteninterviews. Es zeigt sich, dass Arbeitstätigkeit, Zusammenarbeit, Anerkennung, Kommunikation, Partizipation, Autonomie, Weiterentwicklung, Feedback, Personalsituation und Planung Einflussfaktoren sind, welche mit Arbeitsmotivation und Commitment zusammenhängen. Aspekte wie Personalsituation, steigendes Arbeitspensum, Überstunden, Überforderung, Druck, fehlende Wertschätzung, Selbstverständlichkeit der Flexibilität, unklare Kommunikation und Einschränkung der Autonomie werden von den Mitarbeitenden als Motivations- und Identifikationsverringernd angesehen. Abgeleitete Handlungsempfehlungen sind: Spezifische Förderung der genannten Einflussfaktoren.
Innovations, validations and limitations in assessing chronic venous disorder
Creators: name: Lattimer, Christopher
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Chronic venous disorder (CVD) is common affecting 30-40% of the general population. The symptoms include pain, ambulatory discomfort and cosmetic embarrassment with signs of varicose veins, gaiter pigmentation and leg ulceration. The post-thrombotic syndrome (PTS) occurs as the aftermath of a deep vein thrombosis. Standard evaluation tools are used to assess CVD so that the severity of disease and the beneficial effects of treatment can be recorded. This is an essential ingredient for all controlled trials. Measurements of effectiveness allow different treatments, similar treatments between different hospitals and the natural history of untreated disease to be assessed and compared. Cost is an important component of a cost-effective analysis. This thesis provides a critical analysis on the ways in which patients are assessed with novel suggestions for improvement. The aim of this work is to examine the following scoring systems/questionnaires and to provide evidence as to how they can be improved: 1. The clinical part of the CEAP classification 2. The venous clinical severity score 3. The Aberdeen varicose vein questionnaire 4. The Villalta scale The following haemodynamic tests will also be assessed together with novel applications: 1. Duplex 2. Air-plethysmography Normal controls, patients with primary CVD and patients with PTS are the subjects used in this research. Most belong to 2 controlled trials. The first compares endovenous laser ablation (EVLA) with ultrasound-guided foam sclerotherapy (UGFS) and the second compares stockings of different lengths and compression strengths in treating PTS patients. The main innovations in assessment are the saphenous treatment score, the saphenous pulse and the venous filling time to 90% of the venous volume (VFT90) in the identification of patients with mild clinical disease. The main validation is the clinical and haemodynamic correlations with the Villalta scale, and the main limitation is the use of the C of CEAP in the assessment of clinical severity.
Comparative analysis of inosine-substituted duplex DNA by circular dichroism and X-ray crystallography
Creators: name: Peters, Justin P.
name: Kowal, Ewa A.
name: Pallan, Pradeep S.
name: Egli, Martin
name: L. James Maher III
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Leveraging structural biology tools, we report the results of experiments seeking to determine if the different mechanical properties of DNA polymers with base analog substitutions can be attributed, at least in part, to induced changes from classical B-form DNA. The underlying hypothesis is that different inherent bending and twisting flexibilities may characterize non-canonical B-DNA, so that it is inappropriate to interpret mechanical changes caused by base analog substitution as resulting simply from ‘electrostatic’ or ‘base stacking’ influences without considering the larger context of altered helical geometry. Circular dichroism spectra of inosine-substituted oligonucleotides and longer base-substituted DNAs in solution indicated non-canonical helical conformations, with the degree of deviation from a standard B-form geometry depending on the number of I⋅C pairs. X-ray diffraction of a highly inosine-substituted DNA decamer crystal (eight I⋅C and two A⋅T pairs) revealed an A-tract-like conformation with a uniformly narrow minor groove, reduced helical rise, and the majority of sugars adopting a C1′-exo (southeastern) conformation. This contrasts with the standard B-DNA geometry with C2′-endo sugar puckers (south conformation). In contrast, the crystal structure of a decamer with only four I⋅C pairs has a geometry similar to that of the reference duplex with eight G⋅C and two A⋅T pairs. The unique crystal geometry of the inosine-rich duplex is noteworthy given its unusual CD signature in solution and the altered mechanical properties of some inosine-containing DNAs.
Appendices S1-S5 and S7 from The coefficient of determination R2 and intra-class correlation coefficient from generalized linear mixed-effects models revisited and expanded
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Shinichi
name: Johnson, Paul C. D.
name: Schielzeth, Holger
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111602 Human Biophysics
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The coefficient of determination R2 quantifies the proportion of variance explained by a statistical model and is an important summary statistic of biological interest. However, estimating R2 for generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) remains challenging. We have previously introduced a version of R2 that we called R2GLMM for Poisson and binomial GLMMs, but not for other distributional families. Similarly, we earlier discussed how to estimate intra-class correlation coefficients ICC using Poisson and binomial GLMMs. In this paper, we expand our methods to all other non-Gaussian distributions, in particular to negative binomial and gamma distributions that are commonly used for modelling biological data. While expanding our approach, we highlight two useful concepts for biologists, Jensen's inequality and the delta method, both of which help us in understanding the properties of GLMMs. Jensen's inequality has important implications for biologically meaningful interpretation of GLMMs, while the delta method allows a general derivation of variance associated with non-Gaussian distributions. We also discuss some special considerations for binomial GLMMs with binary or proportion data. We illustrate the implementation of our extension by worked examples from the field of ecology and evolution in the R environment. However, our method can be used across disciplines and regardless of statistical environments.
Additional file 1: of Safety and efficacy of applying sufficient analgesia combined with a minimal sedation program as an early antihypertensive treatment for spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage: a randomized controlled trial
Creators: name: Dong, Rui
name: Li, Fen
name: Xu, Ying
name: Chen, Pingyan
name: Maegele, Marc
name: Yang, Hong
name: Chen, Wenjin
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Plant Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Virology

description: SPIRIT checklist. (DOC 187 kb)
Worked examples (Appendix S6) from The coefficient of determination R2 and intra-class correlation coefficient from generalized linear mixed-effects models revisited and expanded
Creators: name: Nakagawa, Shinichi
name: Johnson, Paul C. D.
name: Schielzeth, Holger
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 111602 Human Biophysics
subject: FOS: Basic medicine
subject: 10202 Biological Mathematics
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 80109 Pattern Recognition and Data Mining
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The coefficient of determination R2 quantifies the proportion of variance explained by a statistical model and is an important summary statistic of biological interest. However, estimating R2 for generalized linear mixed models (GLMMs) remains challenging. We have previously introduced a version of R2 that we called R2GLMM for Poisson and binomial GLMMs, but not for other distributional families. Similarly, we earlier discussed how to estimate intra-class correlation coefficients ICC using Poisson and binomial GLMMs. In this paper, we expand our methods to all other non-Gaussian distributions, in particular to negative binomial and gamma distributions that are commonly used for modelling biological data. While expanding our approach, we highlight two useful concepts for biologists, Jensen's inequality and the delta method, both of which help us in understanding the properties of GLMMs. Jensen's inequality has important implications for biologically meaningful interpretation of GLMMs, while the delta method allows a general derivation of variance associated with non-Gaussian distributions. We also discuss some special considerations for binomial GLMMs with binary or proportion data. We illustrate the implementation of our extension by worked examples from the field of ecology and evolution in the R environment. However, our method can be used across disciplines and regardless of statistical environments.
Supplementary methods from Colour and luminance contrasts predict the human detection of natural stimuli in complex visual environments
Creators: name: White, Thomas E.
name: Rojas, Bibiana
name: Mappes, Johanna
name: Rautiala, Petri
name: Kemp, Darrell J.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 60801 Animal Behaviour
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Further statistical modelling details
I Am a Nettle: Approaching More-than-Human Service Design
Creators: name: Bedö, Viktor
Publisher: name: MoTH Cities
Year: 2022
Subjects: more-than-human
shifting perspective
future cities
service design

description: The workshop title ‘Data Interactions In The More-than-Human Smart City’ on the first reading suggests questions about sensor types, algorithms, interfaces, devices, apps, mobility solutions and what they afford to hedgehogs. I would argue that the workshop goes far beyond that in not only investigating knowledge embodied in design, but the frontiers of the knowable for designers’ bodies.
Psychische Gesundheit der Mitarbeitenden bei der Migros Luzern
Creators: name: Saric, Nina
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2015

description: Diese Bachelorarbeit ging der Frage nach, welche Ressourcen und Belastungen bei den Mit-arbeitenden der Migros Luzern vorhanden sind. Dafür wurden sechs qualitative Interviews mit Mitarbeitenden aus vier verschiedenen Geschäftsleitungsbereichen durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass insbesondere organisationale Belastungen und Ressourcen hinsichtlich Partizipationsmöglichkeiten, Transparenz, Entwicklungsperspektiven, zeitlichen Spielräumen bei der Migros Luzern vorhanden sind. Weiter existieren Belastungen wie fehlende Anerkennung/Wertschätzung, lange Arbeitszeiten und quantitative Überforderung. Ausserdem stellen der Kundenkontakt und die vorhandene Anerkennung/Wertschätzung weitere, wichtige Ressourcen dar. Die bestehenden, gesundheitsförderlichen Massnahmen der Migros Luzern wurden durch die Befragten bewertet. Die Bewertung fiel insgesamt positiv aus. Zum Schluss wurden sowohl individuumszentrierte als auch bedingungsbezogene Handlungsempfehlungen für die Migros Luzern abgeleitet, welche zur Anregung für die Umsetzung in der Praxis dienen sollten.
Supplementary document for Characterization of the laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy near the gas-liquid two-phase interface - 5722375.pdf
Creators: name: Liu, Simeng
name: Liu, Yinghua
name: Xu, Boping
name: Lei, Bingying
name: Ran, Shuang
name: Wang, Yishan
name: duan, yixiang
name: Zhao, Wei
name: Tang, Jie
Publisher: name: Optica Publishing Group
Year: 2022
Subjects: Uncategorized

description: Auxiliary materials
Supplementary Information for "Unique minimal and hybrid hydrogenases are active from anaerobic archaea"
Creators: name: Greening, Chris
name: Leung, Pok Man
name: Cabotaje, Princess
R.
name: Alvarado, Luis E Valentin
name: Land, Henrik
name: Rodrigues-Oliveira, Thiago
name: I. Ponce-Toledo, Rafael
name: Senger, Moritz
name: A. Klamke, Max
name: Milton, Michael
name: Lappan, Rachael
name: Mullen, Susan
name: West-Roberts, Jacob
name: Mao, Jie
name: Song, Jiangning
name: Schoelmerich, Marie
name: Stairs, Courtney W.
name: Schleper, Christa
name: Grinter, Rhys
name: Spang, Anja
name: Banfield, Jillian F
name: Berggren, Gustav
Publisher: name: Monash University
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 310703
subject: Microbial ecology
classificationCode: 310112
subject: Structural biology (incl. macromolecular modelling)

description: Supplementary Information for "Unique minimal and hybrid hydrogenases are active from anaerobic archaea"
Advancing minimally invasive aspects of flexible gastrointestinal endoscopy
Creators: name: Despott, Edward
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: The technological developments seen in recent years have facilitated remarkable progress in the field of flexible gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy. Smaller high-resolution charge-coupled devices (CCDs) have facilitated the manufacture of ultrathin (UT) (<6mm) endoscopes, while the introduction of device assisted enteroscopy (balloon-assisted and spiral enteroscopy) has allowed endoscopists to access the deep small bowel (SB) without the need for recourse to major surgery. Furthermore, the application of double-balloon colonoscopy (DBC) has shown promise to improve outcomes in patients with ‘technically difficult’ colons. Although these 3 types of innovative endoscopic technologies all share the potential capacity to enhance minimally invasive patient care, research into their optimal role and effectiveness (particularly within UK clinical practice) remains limited. This thesis has examined the potential role of this selection of advanced flexible GI endoscopic technologies for the enhancement of minimally invasive patient care. The first study evaluated transnasal upper GI endoscopy in the UK and confirmed that within this clinical paradigm, transnasal endoscopy using UT endoscopes, is a feasible, effective and more acceptable alternative to patients than conventional oral upper GI endoscopy. The next series of studies were dedicated to device assisted enteroscopy (DBE in particular) and showed that DBE is capable of providing a safe and effective, minimally invasive alternative to major surgery in selected cases. A comparison of spiral enteroscopy as an alternative to DBE, showed that spiral enteroscopy (in its current, manual form), appears to be inferior to DBE in its ability to facilitate deep enteroscopy. The final study evaluated technically difficult colonoscopy and included the development and validation of a score for technical difficulty which may in the future be applied to routine clinical practice. This study also highlighted the usefulness of DBC as a potentially more effective tool than conventional colonoscopy for technically difficult cases.
Additional file 1: of Knee pain as a predictor of structural progression over 4 years: data from the Osteoarthritis Initiative, a prospective cohort study
Creators: name: Wang, Yuanyuan
name: Teichtahl, Andrew
name: Abram, François
name: Hussain, Sultana
name: Pelletier, Jean-Pierre
name: Cicuttini, Flavia
name: Martel-Pelletier, Johanne
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Astronomical and Space Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified
subject: Inorganic Chemistry
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Computational Biology

description: Table S1. Associations of knee pain patterns over 2 and 3 years with structural outcomes over 4 years in participants without radiographic knee osteoarthritis at baseline. Table S2. Associations of knee pain patterns over 2 and 3 years with structural outcomes over 4 years in participants with radiographic knee osteoarthritis at baseline. (DOCX 21 kb)
Bacterial sensitivity and SOD behavior of N-pyrone glucosamine Schiff base Fe(III) complex: conjoint experimental-DFT evaluation
Creators: name: Mir, Jan Mohammad
name: Rajak, Deepak Kumar
name: Maurya, Ram Charitra
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Iron and sugar are essential components of life processes. In the evident interest toward Fe(III) compounds to explore the ability of sugars toward metallotherapy, a systematic hyphenated DFT-experimental study of a novel sugar Schiff base Fe(III) complex of general composition [Fe(L)(OH)], where L = N-dehydroacetic acid-glucosamine (dha-glsH2), is presented. Based on various experimental spectrometric and spectroscopic characterization techniques in combination with theoretical data, a suitable distorted tetragonal structure is suggested for the complex. In addition to the formulation of the synthesized complex, superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimetic, and antimicrobial actions have also been the active goal of the work. A promising superoxide dismutazing potential with IC50 = 69 μM was found. But on the other hand antibacterial action of the complex has shown less sensitivity to be called as efficient bactericidal agent.
The impact of secular trends, dietary patterns and socioeconomic conditions on DNA methylation: an epigenome-wide investigation
Creators: name: Demetriou, Christiana
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Globalisation has resulted in several anthropometric, reproductive, and lifestyle factors and/or exposures exhibiting secular trends. These same factors and exposures have been implicated in modifying breast cancer risk and have been shown to influence DNA methylation in at least one publication. In this thesis, I conduct a preliminary and exploratory investigation to examine whether socioeconomic status, nutritional factors, weight and height, age at menarche, menopausal status, age at menopause, and estimated lifetime estrogen exposure (ELEE) – all factors displaying secular trends and influencing breast cancer risk – are associated with DNA methylation. The LUminometric Methylation Assay (LUMA) was used to assess global methylation in 376 female subjects from the EPIC cohort and the Infinium HumanMethylation 450 BeadChip, was used to assess genome-wide methylation in 667 male and female subjects from the EPIC Italy subcohort. Genome wide, probe-type specific, CpG locus specific, clustering and single enrichment analyses were performed. Total caloric intake, folate intake, total dietary methyl intake, and age at menarche were found to be associated with global methylation using LUMA. In addition, the 450k BeadChip results suggest that education, household density, highest household occupational position, total caloric intake, folate intake, dietary methyl intake, adherence to the Italian Mediterranean diet, body mass index, age at menopause and ELEE influence methylation patterns, but the power of these investigations did not permit identification of biologically relevant, differentially methylated CpG sites. The present findings indicate that DNA methylation may be one way through which these exposures may become biologically embedded and influence disease risk, and especially breast cancer risk. Mechanisms involving epigenetic changes provide a possible mechanism though which even early life exposures can affect adult disease risk. However, more detailed and more powered epidemiological study designs and tools need to be implemented in order to confirm these associations and also examine causality.
Gesundheitliche Bedürfnisse von Frauen mit Migrationshintergrund im Schweizer Gesundheitssystem
Creators: name: Zenger, Laura
Publisher: name: Fachhochschule Nordwestschweiz FHNW
Year: 2015

description: Die vorliegende Arbeit untersucht im Auftrag des Forums für die Integration von Migrantinnen und Migranten (FIMM), welche Bedürfnisse Frauen aus der Sub-Sahara mit Kleinkindern im Schweizer Gesundheitssystem haben und wie sie es für sich und ihre Kinder nutzen. Die Datenerhebung erfolgte anhand einer Kombination aus narrativem und Leitfaden-gestütztem Interview mit fünf Frauen aus Eritrea und drei Frauen aus Somalia. Die erfassten Daten wurden anschliessend unter der Anwendung der qualitativen Datenanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Die ausgewerteten Daten zeigen auf, dass die befragten somalischen und eritreischen Frauen mit dem Schweizer Gesundheitssystem zufrieden sind und sie sich für sich und ihre Kinder keine zusätzlichen gesundheitlichen Angebote wünschen. Es gibt aber soziale Angebote, die von den befragten Frauen gewünscht werden und die einen Einfluss auf die Gesundheit haben könnten. So wäre eine Kinderbetreuung hilfreich, damit die befragten somalischen und eritreischen Mütter mehr Zeit für einen Deutschkurs haben. Denn die Sprachbarriere zwischen ihnen und dem medizinischen Personal stellt ein grosses Problem dar.
Towards the development of caspase-3/7 inhibitor(s) for In vivo PET imaging of cancer apoptosis.
Creators: name: Udemba, Angela
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The ability to image caspase activation provides a powerful tool for the evaluation of the oncologic therapeutic response via the apoptotic cascade. Research efforts have focused on the development of radiolabelled non-peptidyl caspase inhibitors to be utilised for imaging purposes. Isatin sulfonamides are of particular interest because of their specificity and potency for inhibiting the “apoptotic executioner” caspase-3. However, imaging attempts using the radiolabelled lead isatin have shown low target-to-background radiotracer uptake. The research aim was to explore alternative series of caspase-3 inhibitors as radioligands with optimal properties for the PET imaging of apoptosis. The series based on the pyrimidoindolone, triazoleindolone and imidazoleindolone heterocycles are structurally similar to the isatin core heterocycle, with all containing the crucial ketone responsible for caspase inhibition via the formation of a thiohemiketal with an active site cysteine residue. Using computational modelling studies combined with UV-vis titrations, these heterocycles were shown to have the propensity to favourably form thiohemiketals and therefore potentially inhibit caspase-3. Initial target structures, modelled on the structure of the lead isatin, were subsequently designed for synthesis and biological characterisation. Pyrimidoindolone target was synthesised and radiolabelled using modified literature conditions. Biological results showed the pyrimidoindolone to have a similar biological profile to isatin. Four different synthetic strategies were investigated for the synthesis of the imidazoleindolone and triazoleindolone heterocycles including, the use isatin sulfonamide intermediates, an intramolecular SNAr cyclisation process, Friedel-Crafts cyclisation method and nucleophilic addition to a benzonitrile. Preparation of imidazoleindolone was achieved with the SNAr cyclisation route. Preparation of triazoleindolone proved challenging with synthesis of only the core heterocyclic precursors, hydrazone and ketal achieved using the SNAr cyclisation route. Acid-sensitivity of the ring system hindered deprotection reactions and led to ring destruction.
Design and synthesis of CXCR4-specific tracers for positron emission tomography
Creators: name: George, Guillaume Pierre Charles
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: Molecular imaging is an ideal platform for non-invasive detection and assessment of cancer. In recent years, the targeted imaging of CXCR4, a chemokine receptor that has been associated with tumour metastasis, has become an area of intensive research. CXCR4 is a GPCR whose interaction with its natural ligand SDF-1α is essential for embryo development and haematopoiesis. Over-expression of this receptor is associated with aggressive types of cancer and potentially metastatic tumours. Several classes of CXCR4 inhibitors have been reported in the literature, including TN14003-, FC131- and IT1t-derivatives. The aim of the research presented herein was to develop CXCR4-targeted probes for positron emission tomography. To this end, we designed and synthesised 20 new potential tracers belonging to those three classes of CXCR4 inhibitors, for labelling with fluorine-18 or gallium-68. In vitro and in vivo evaluation of these radiotracer candidates allowed for further understanding of the structure-activity relationship and pharmacokinetic properties of these types of compounds. In particular, our gallium-68-labelled tracer based on the structure of TN14003 displayed the essential features for the identification of CXCR4-expressing tumours in a clinical setting.
Nicastrin and the gamma‐secretase complex in breast cancer
Creators: name: Rashied, Sabeena Rasul
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2010

description: γ‐secretase is a membrane‐bound proteolytic complex, formed by nicastrin, APH1, presenilin and pen‐2, which cleaves over sixty known substrates, including Notch and Ecadherin, thus regulating cellular processes such as proliferation and adhesion. High levels of nicastrin have been demonstrated in 47.3 % (n=1050) high tumour grade breast tissues, whereas it is absent in 100% normal human breast (n=40). Although the mechanism for nicastrin up‐regulation in breast cancer is unknown, preliminary data suggests posttranscriptional regulation. Therefore, γ‐secretase is an important therapeutic target in breast cancer. GSI1, a commercial γ‐secretase inhibitor is cytotoxic exclusively for breast cancer cell lines, whereas non‐tumourigenic breast cells are not affected. GSI1 triggers G2/M arrest, culminating in apoptosis through down‐regulation of XIAP, Bcl‐2, Bax and Bcl‐XL in breast cancer cells. In addition, similar cytotoxicity has been found in a panel of cell lines derived from several types of cancer. We discuss whether the cytotoxic effect of GSI1 in breast cancer cell lines is mediated through inhibition of γ‐secretase or the proteasome. RNA interference of individual γ‐secretase components indicates that NCSTN knock‐down elicits 55% cell growth reduction, whereas knock‐down of the other complex components does not inhibit cell growth to the same extent. In addition, NCSTN siRNA reduces invasion in breast cancer cells. Disseminated and circulating tumour cells (CTCs) are clinically used as indicators of metastasis. Nicastrin has been found to be expressed by a rare population of cells in bone marrow aspirates and in CTCs from breast cancer patients with high risk of relapse. Thus, from the pharmacological point of view, nicastrin represents a novel therapeutic target. In addition, it is a novel biomarker for breast cancer with potential diagnostic applications.
The use of voiding studies in the evaluation of women with overactive bladder syndrome
Creators: name: Basu, Maya
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2013

description: The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between voiding and overactive bladder (OAB) in women, in order to evaluate whether voiding assessment has any impact on management. This concept was explored within several clinical models. The first study assessed women with detrusor overactivity (DO) undergoing treatment with solifenacin, and identified that women who failed to respond to treatment had a significantly lower pre-treatment maximum flow rate (Qmax) than responders, indicating that urodynamic evidence of differences in voiding can be used to predict treatment response. Prolapse was used as a model of possible elevated urethral resistance. A retrospective analysis of women with OAB and prolapse identified a 53% cure rate for OAB following prolapse surgery, with cure being associated with a significant increase in Qmax and decrease in opening detrusor pressure (ODP). A powered prospective study in the prolapse and OAB population confirmed resolution of OAB symptoms to be associated with an increase in Qmax. Because the relationship between voiding and prolapse is imprecise, the final model used was women with confirmed voiding dysfunction and OAB undergoing urethral dilatation. A retrospective analysis confirmed urethral dilatation to lead to a significant increase in maximum flow rate (when corrected for voided volume), but with a poor cure rate for OAB of 19% at 6 months. Cure of OAB at 6 weeks was associated with a significant increase in Qmax and decrease in PdetQmax. This was followed up with a randomised trial of urethral dilatation and cystoscopy versus cystoscopy alone in women with OAB and voiding dysfunction, which showed urethral dilatation to lead to a higher cure rate for OAB at 6 weeks, but with no long term benefit, and no significant effect on health related quality of life even at 6 weeks. Collectively, these data do suggest an association between voiding parameters and OAB, although the mechanism of this association remains uncertain. Voiding may be a biomarker for another underlying process which affects OAB symptoms. Direct manipulation of the voiding axis in women is poorly defined and future work should focus on the aetiology of voiding differentials in selected women, and whether more targeted correction of these will be effective.
Additional file 2 of p53-targeted lincRNA-p21 acts as a tumor suppressor by inhibiting JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathways in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma
Creators: name: Jin, Shufang
name: Yang, Xi
name: Li, Jiayi
name: Yang, Wenyi
name: Ma, Hailong
name: Zhang, Zhiyuan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biophysics
subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Figure S1. The expression of lincRNA-p21 was detected by qPCR in breast cancer cells transfected with si-p53 for 24 h. Figure S2. (a) Transfection efficiency was detected after siRNA using qPCR in HN6 and Cal27 cells. (b)Transfection efficiency was detected after expression plasmid transfection using qPCR in HN6, HN30 and Cal27 cells. Figure S3. Cell viability (a) and colony formation ability (b) of HN6 and Cal27 cells after transfection with ASO-lincRNA-p21 or scrambled were determined using the CCK8 and colony formation assay. Figure S4. Cell viability (a) and colony formation ability (b) of HN30 cells after transfection with lincRNA-p21 or vector were detected using the CCK8 and colony formation assay. Figure S5. AKT and ERK1/2 signaling were analysed using western blot after si-lincRNA-p21 transfection for 48 h. Figure S6. The transfection efficiency was confirmed in fresh xenograft tissue using qPCR. Figure S7. LincRNA-p21 regulates cell cycle and apoptosis related protein in HNSCC cells. (a) The cell cycle regulation related proteins were detected in HN6 and Cal27 cells after si-lincRNA-p21 for 48 h. (b) PARP, Caspase-3 and its active forms were detected in HN6 and Cal27 cells after si-lincRNA-p21 for 48 h. Figure S8. Migration (a) and invasion (b) assays were performed with si-lincRNA-p21 or scrambled transfected HN6 and Cal27 cells using Transwell inserts. Figure S9. LincRNA-p21 reducing STAT3 expression is independent on ubiquitination degradation. Expression of STAT3 and Ubiquitin protein was detected after transfection for 48 h and then stimulation with 0.5 μM MG132 for 24 h in HN6 and Cal27 cells. Figure S10. The staining score of p-STAT3 in in the xenograft tumour tissues. Figure S11. IC50 was calculated using cryptotanshinone (a STAT3 inhibitor) at indicated concentrations for 72 h in HN6 and Cal27 cells. (DOCX 1296 kb)
Participation in hard times: how constrained government depresses turnout among the highly educated
Creators: name: Häusermann, Silja
name: Kurer, Thomas
name: Wüest, Bruno
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Cancer
subject: Science Policy

description: Existing studies on electoral turnout in times of economic crisis have predominantly focused on disadvantaged voters. However, during the recent economic crisis, turnout among highly educated citizens has strongly declined as well. Existing resource-based theories of political participation cannot account for this. This article suggests that the anticipation of government inefficacy is an important driver of abstention among highly educated. Where governments are severely constrained, these citizens anticipate that the hands of future governments will be tied. Hence they are more likely to abstain out of frustration or rational calculations. The study uses the recent economic crisis as test case, as it entails particularly acute constraints on several European governments. The cross-sectional and longitudinal evidence – based on ESS survey data and different measures of government constraint in 28 European countries – provides ample support for the argument.
title: Wait Forever, Then All at Once: Exploring the Atmospheric Connections Related to Temporal Clustering of Extreme  Precipitation Events
Creators: name: Evans, Erin Elise
Publisher: name: University Corporation for Atmospheric Research (UCAR)
Year: 2021

description: Extreme precipitation can cause major hazards and when many extreme precipitation events group into an episode, these impacts can be exacerbated and cause detrimental impacts to society. When precipitation becomes temporally clustered, those in charge of planning and strategizing against these events can be caught unprepared for these increased impacts. This research looks into why precipitation events tend to cluster spatially and temporally and identify what connections in the atmosphere may cause these episodes. This was done in a case study format; two unrelated temporally clustered precipitation episodes with different driving mechanisms were chosen for investigation. The first case study identified was a multi-day atmospheric river event that occurred in 2014 during one of California’s worst drought periods in recent history, while the second case study investigated clustering in the Gulf of Mexico throughout the 2020 Atlantic hurricane season. These case studies highlight the different mechanisms, timescales, and impacts that can be associated with the clustering of extreme precipitation episodes. The results revealed several different characteristics of the atmosphere that were related to these episodes. These include upper wind patterns, sea level pressure anomalies, sea surface temperatures, and precipitation anomalies. Understanding these characteristics and the phenomena associated with them is vital for understanding how to forecast, plan, and prepare for the additional hazards associated with the clustering of extreme precipitation.
Duplex ultrasound assessment of carotid arterial atherosclerotic disease : investigation of direct stenosis measurement methods and image analysis for vulnerable plaque identification
Creators: name: Loizos, Savvas
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2012

description: Purpose: Ultrasound assessment of carotid disease is currently based on stenosis haemodynamic effects. The accuracy of direct stenosis measurement remains unclear, while research on atherosclerosis suggests identification of other plaque characteristics beyond size. The aim of the study is to investigate whether direct stenosis measurement and plaque ultrasound image analysis could potentially be used for more accurate diagnostic investigation. Method and material: Eighty-seven patients with cardiovascular disease had a carotid duplex ultrasound scan and velocity and B-mode measurements data were recorded for direct diameter measurement evaluation. Forty patients were scanned for quantitative plaque analysis and association of several parameters with symptoms was investigated. Results: For the degree of stenosis, ECST method indicated greater agreement among direct measurement methods with velocity criteria, however in cases of mild stenosis difference was reported. ECST method measurements showed considerably better agreement with MRA stenosis calculations compared with other methods. Intima-media grey scale level was associated with plaque echogenicity but the correlation was not significant, however there was an association with blood cholesterol levels. Percentages of plaque area with grey scale value less than 35 and 40 showed good accuracy in identifying symptomatic patients. As far as fibrous cap is concerned, a thickness less than 300 μm was well correlated with symptomatic disease, however no association was noted for its echogenicity. Conclusion: ECST direct stenosis measurement method could potentially be used for better stenosis classification in cases with inconclusive haemodynamic estimations. Quantitative plaque analysis, such as fibrous cap thickness measurement and grey level analysis, shows promising results in association with symptomatic disease and particular plaque characteristics.
A Benefit-Cost Analysis of Impact-Resistant Asphalt Shingle Roofing--Overview
Creators: name: Porter, Keith Alan
Publisher: name: Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction
Year: 2022

description: The Institute for Catastrophic Loss Reduction creates and disseminates disaster resilience knowledge for Canada. Among the catastrophes ICLR addresses are hailstorms, one of Canada’s most serious natural hazards. Hail costs $400 million annually. A June 2020 hailstorm at the edge of Calgary damaged 77,000 homes and cost $1.4 billion. Much of that money paid for roof repairs. A direct hit on Calgary could be 5 to 10 times worse. Though the hailstorm is inevitable, the catastrophe is not. This document summarizes a study of one way that homeowners and insurers can prevent costly hail damage: by using impact-resistant asphalt shingle roofs instead of standard shingles. Impact-resistant roof shingles look like ordinary shingles, but have material that makes them resistant to hail damage. When struck by large hailstones, they resist pits and fractures that would otherwise allow water to pool or penetrate beneath them. And they resist cosmetic damage like the loss of granules: the specks that cover the shingle surface.
Effect of green building certification on organizational productivity metrics
Creators: name: Newsham, Guy R.
name: Veitch, Jennifer A.
name: Yitian (Vera) Hu
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2017
Subjects: subject: Biotechnology
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Science Policy

description: There is increasing interest in understanding how office accommodation affects organizational productivity. Data on metrics of engagement, job satisfaction, job performance and facility complaints for thousands of employees (n = 14,569) of a large Canadian financial organization were analysed to explore differences in outcomes between those working in green-certified office buildings (n = 10) and those in otherwise similar conventional buildings (n = 10). Overall, green-certified buildings demonstrated higher scores on survey outcomes related to job satisfaction, value to clients and stakeholders, evaluation of management, and corporate engagement. There was also a tendency for manager-assessed job performance to be higher in green-certified buildings. Nevertheless, not all green-certified buildings outperformed all conventional buildings, and superior performance was not exhibited on all outcomes examined. A key observation is that such metrics are routinely recorded by organizations, but relating them to building characteristics is new. Recognition of such datasets opens up many promising avenues for buildings research.
Additional file 1: of Targeting late-stage non-small cell lung cancer with a combination of DNT cellular therapy and PD-1 checkpoint blockade
Creators: name: Fang, Linan
name: Ly, Dalam
name: Wang, Si-si
name: Lee, Jong
name: Kang, Hyeonjeong
name: Xu, Hao
name: Yao, Junlin
name: Tsao, Ming-sound
name: Liu, Wei
name: Zhang, Li
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Immunology
subject: FOS: Clinical medicine
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Cancer
subject: Hematology
subject: Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Table S1. Patientsâ clinical characteristics. Ten newly diagnosed lung cancer patients who were treated with surgery alone were enrolled in this study. The patient age, gender, pathological classification and stage are shown. Table S2. List of flow cytometric antibodies used in the study. (DOCX 15 kb)
title: Der Ieuminvaginationsnippel als sekundärer Kontinenzmechanismus bei ileozökalen Pouches – operative Technik und Langzeitergebnisse von 28 Patienten
Creators: name: Kalogirou, C.
name: Schwinger, M.
name: Kübler, H.
name: Riedmiller, H.
name: Kocot, A.
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Fragestellung: Der Ileozökale Pouch stellt eine erprobte und sichere Methode zur kontinenten kutanen Harnableitung dar. Als primäre Kontinenzmechanismen haben sich hier vor allem die in-situ eingebettete Appendix vermiformis und der primäre Ileuminvaginationsnippel (IIN) durchgesetzt.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 46. Gemeinsame Tagung der Bayerischen Urologenvereinigung und der Österreichischen Gesellschaft für Urologie und Andrologie