cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Typha latifolia L.
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Typhaceae
Typha
Typha latifolia

description: Typha latifolia L.
Artbeschreibung: 1-2,5 m hoch, Blätter lineal, am blütentragenden Stängel 2zeilig, 1-2 cm breit, steif aufrecht, blaugrün, den Blütenstand meist überragend. Blüten eingeschlechtig, kronblattlos, in je einem 5-20 cm langen, kolbenförmigen, sehr dichten Blütenstand, der männliche am Ende des Stängels, der weibliche unmittelbar darunter, nach dem Verblühen dunkelbraun, bei Reife flockig zerfallend. Weibliche Blüten auf verzweigten Stielen, von langen Haaren umgeben (Flugapparat für die Samenverbreitung).
Blütezeit: 6-7
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Stehende, schlammige Gewässer bis ca. 1,5 m Tiefe / kollin(-montan) / CH
Verbreitung global: Eurasiatisch-nordamerikanisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Füberschwemmt, bzw. unter Wasser; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tkollin (Laubmischwälder mit Eichen)Nährstoffzahl NnährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch bis subkontinental (mittlere Luftfeuchtigkeit, mässige Temperaturschwankungen und mässig tiefe Wintertemperaturen)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Breitblättriger Rohrkolben, Kanonenputzer Nom français: Massette à larges feuilles Nome italiano: Lisca maggiore
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Typhaceae, pp. 1364-1368 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1364
Typha laxmannii Lepech.
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Typhaceae
Typha
Typha laxmannii

description: Typha laxmannii Lepech.
Artbeschreibung: Ähnlich wie T. minima, aber 60-120 cm hoch, Stängelblätter gut ausgebildet, 2-7 mm breit, z.T. den Blütenstand überragend, gelblich grün, weiblicher Blütenstand zylindrisch, meist 3-5(-9) cm lang, männlicher Blütenstand 7-20 cm lang, dazwischen eine 2-8 cm lange Lücke.
Blütezeit: 5-7
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Sümpfe, Gräben, aus Kultur verwildert und adventiv / kollin / VS, TI, GR, MZ, BO
Verbreitung global: Südosteuropäisch-asiatisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Füberschwemmt, bzw. unter Wasser; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen1Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tsehr warm-kollin (nur an wärmsten Stellen, Hauptverbreitung in Südeuropa)Nährstoffzahl Nmässig nährstoffarm bis mässig nährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Laxmanns Rohrkolben Nom français: Massette de Laxmann Nome italiano: Lisca di Laxmann
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Typhaceae, pp. 1364-1368 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1364
Typha minima Hoppe
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Typhaceae
Typha
Typha minima

description: Typha minima Hoppe
Artbeschreibung: Blütentragende Stängel 30-80 cm hoch, nur mit Blattscheiden oder kleinen, den Blütenstand nicht überragenden Blattspreiten. Blätter graugrün, an den sterilen Trieben nur 1-3 mm breit. Männlicher und weiblicher Blütenstand +/- gleich lang, je 1,5-5 cm lang, dazwischen eine 0,5-3 cm lange Lücke. Fruchtstand kugelig oder eiförmig bis kurz zylindrisch.
Blütezeit: 5
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Schlick an Flussufern, früher weit verbreitet entlang der Flüsse / kollin(-montan) / CH, zerstreut
Verbreitung global: Eurasiatisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Fsehr feucht; fFeuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Tkollin (Laubmischwälder mit Eichen)Nährstoffzahl Nmässig nährstoffarm bis mässig nährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubkontinental (niedrige relative Luftfeuchtigkeit, grosse Temperaturschwankungen, eher kalte Winter)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Zwerg-Rohrkolben, Kleiner Rohrkolben Nom français: Petite massette Nome italiano: Lisca minore
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Typhaceae, pp. 1364-1368 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1364
Typha shuttleworthii W. D. J. Koch & Sond.
Creators: name: Konrad Lauber
name: Gerhart Wagner
name: Andreas Gygax
Publisher: name: Haupt Verlag
Year: 2018
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Plantae
Tracheophyta
Liliopsida
Poales
Typhaceae
Typha
Typha shuttleworthii

description: Typha shuttleworthii W. D. J. Koch & Sond.
Artbeschreibung: Ähnlich wie T. latifolia, aber Blätter am blütentragenden Stängel nur 0,5-1 cm breit, oft gelbgrün, männlicher Blütenstand höchstens 2/3 so lang wie der weibliche, Haare an den Fruchtstielen die Narben überragend, Fruchtkolben dadurch silbergrau glänzend.
Blütezeit: 6-7
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Meist in frischem, sich rasch erneuerndem Wasser / kollin(-montan) / M, AN, GR, VS, selten JN
Verbreitung global: Mitteleuropäisch
Ökologische Zeigerwerte nach Landolt & al. (2010)
BodenfaktorenKlimafaktorenSalztoleranzFeuchtezahl Füberschwemmt, bzw. unter Wasser; Feuchtigkeit stark wechselnd (mehr als ± 2 Stufen)Lichtzahl LhellSalzzeichen--Reaktionszahl Rneutral bis basisch (pH 5.5-8.5)Temperaturzahl Twarm-kollinNährstoffzahl NnährstoffreichKontinentalitätszahl Ksubozeanisch (hohe Luftfeuchtigkeit, geringe Temperaturschwankungen, eher milde Winter)
Volksname Deutscher Name: Silber-Rohrkolben, Shuttleworths Rohrkolben Nom français: Massette de Shuttleworth Nome italiano: Lisca di Shuttleworth
description: Published as part of Konrad Lauber, Gerhart Wagner & Andreas Gygax, 2018, Flora Helvetica - Typhaceae, pp. 1364-1368 in Flora Helvetica, Bern :Haupt Verlag on page 1364
Archilestes Selys 1862
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Archilestes

description: Genus Archilestes Selys, 1862
Fig. 15 (species distribution).
Only two species are recorded from Colombia: A. chocoanus, in the Pacific and western Andean regions, and A. grandis, distributed along the Andean and northern Caribbean regions (Fig. 15).
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on page 208, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes Leach 1815
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes

description: Genus Lestes Leach, 1815
Figs. 16–18 (species distribution).
Out of the 32 species of Lestes in the Neotropics, nine species occur in Colombia. Three species are common and widely distributed, mainly across the Andean and Caribbean regions: L. apollinaris, L. forficula, and L. tenuatus. As for the remaining species, L. curvatus, L. dichrostigma, L. jerrelli, and L. minutus are mainly distributed in the Orinoco region, and L. helix in the Amazon region.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on pages 220-223, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes curvatus Belle 1997
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes
Lestes curvatus

description: Lestes curvatus Belle, 1997
Fig. 4G–H (♁ and ♀ head), Fig. 7D–F (♁ pterothorax), Fig. 9 G-H (♁ genital ligula), Fig.11C–D (♁ caudal appendages), Fig. 12J–L (♀ pterothorax), Fig. 14D (♀ ovipositor), Fig. 17 (distribution), Fig. 22 (♁ field photo).
Etymology: named for the strong curvature in the cerci of the males.
Type locality: Marowijne, Surinam.
Distribution: Colombia (Guaviare, Meta), Guyana, Perú, Surinam.
Female described: Yes Larva described: No
Altitudinal range: 155–392 m IUCN status: LC— von Ellenrieder (2009a)
Records in previous references: Flórez et al. (2023)
Material examined (6♁♁, 6♀♀). Colombia, Meta, Puerto Gaitán, vereda Jag ¸ey, 4.2190N, 72.1250W, 184 m, from Dec-2014 to Jan-2015, L. Pérez & J. Montes leg., 2♁♁, 4♀♀ (UARC); as the previous but, 3.8050N, 72.2870W, 155 m, 2♁♁ (UARC); Villavicencio, vereda Corocora, 4.0650N, 73.5910W, 392 m, from Dec-2014 to Jan-2015, L. Pérez & J. Montes leg., 1♁, 1♀ (UARC); Guaviare, San José del Guaviare, “Naturlog” Nature Reserve, 2.5740N, 72.7130W, 180 m, 20-03-2022, Y. Cano leg., 1♁, (ANDES-E 23192); as the previous but, T. Pinzón leg., 1♀ (ANDES-E 23193).
Morphological characteristics: male and female mostly brown (Fig. 4G–H), mesepimeron and metepisternum with a black spot as in Fig. 7E; pectum pale brown, except anterior 0.25 of metapostepimeron black (Fig. 7F). Genital ligula rectangular, internal fold barely developed, width less than 1/3 of S2 (Fig. 9G), surface entire, no reaching S2 (Fig. 9H). Male cerci long, strong basal tooth projected ventrally; edge of medial portion without denticles; primary curvature type III (Fig. 11C); secondary curvature type II (Fig. 11D). Paraprocts reduced, globose, without apophyses, less than 1/3 of the length cerci (Fig. 11D). Lateral valves of the ovipositor with a row of small denticles increasing in size to the apex; cerci almost twice the length of S10; dorsal margin of basal plate longer than ventral (Fig. 14D); ventral margin split (Fig. 14C).
Remarks: This rare species has a large area of distribution, it has been recorded from six localities in Surinam, Guyana, and Peru (Belle 1997; von Ellenrieder et al. 2017). Recently it was reported for the first time in Colombia for the Guaviare department (Flórez et al. 2022). Here, we provide the second record for the Orinoco region (Meta department) (Fig. 17).
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on pages 226-227, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes dichrostigma Calvert 1909
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes
Lestes dichrostigma

description: Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909
Fig. 4I–J (♁ and ♀ head), Fig. 7G–I (♁ pterothorax), Fig. 9I–J (♁ genital ligula), Fig.11E–F (♁ caudal appendages), Fig. 13A–C B (♀ pterothorax), Fig. 14E (♀ ovipositor), Fig. 16 (distribution), Fig. 23 (♁ field photo).
Etymology: dichrostigma = dichros, Greek (δίχρως) for two–colored + stigma, Latin for mark, in reference to the bicolored pterostigma, which occurs only in the juvenile.
Type locality: Chapada, S„o Pablo-Brazil.
Distribution: Argentina, Brazil, Colombia (Vichada, Meta), Paraguay, Trinidad, Venezuela.
Female described: Yes Larva described: Yes—Muzón & Weigel-Muñoz (2007)
Altitudinal range: 155–184 m IUCN status: LC— von Ellenrieder (2009b)
Records in previous references: None
Material examined (5♁♁, 5♀♀). Colombia, Meta, Puerto Gaitán, 3.8050N, 72.2870W, 155 m, from Dec- 2014 to Jan-2015, L. Pérez leg., 2♁♁, 1♀ (UARC); as the previous but, vereda Jag ¸ey, 4.2190N, 72.1250W, 184 m, 2♁♁, 4♀♀ (UARC); Vichada, Puerto Carreño, 6.0947N, 67.7263W, 54 m, 23-8-2015, M. Sánchez, E. Realpe leg., 1♁ (ANDES-E 16126).
Morphological characteristics: male and female mostly brown, (Fig. 4I–J, 7G–I, 13A–C, 23), except the antehumeral dark stripe, mesepimeron with a dark-brown stripe; pectum pale with four black spots, two at the end of the metathoracic suture and two triangular in the metepimeron. Genital ligula rectangular, internal fold width more than 1/3 of S2, surface entire (Fig. 9I), reaching anterior fold of S2 (Fig. 9J). Male cerci long, with a basal subtriangular expansion; inner edge of medial portion irregular, reduced; primary curvature type II (Fig. 11E), secondary curvature type II (Fig. 11F). Apophyses of paraprocts almost 1/3 of the cerci length, apices ventrally curved (Fig. 11F). Lateral valves of the ovipositor with a row of small denticles increasing in size to the apex; cerci not surpassing the length of S10; almost twice of the length of S10; dorsal margin of basal plate longer than ventral (Fig. 14E).
Remarks: This species has a widespread and discontinuous distribution that ranges from Trinidad and Venezuela to Paraguay, southern Brazil, and northern Argentina (De Marmels et al. 2022; Muzón 1993b; von Ellenrieder 2009b; Lencioni et al. 2022). Here we record this species for the first time in Colombia, the westernmost localities of its distribution.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on pages 227-228, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes helix Ris 1918
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes
Lestes helix

description: Lestes helix Ris, 1918
Fig. 5G (♁ head), Fig. 8A–C (♁ pterothorax), Fig. 9M–N (♁ genital ligula), Fig.11I–J (♁ caudal appendages), Fig. 16 (distribution).
Etymology: helix, Greek (ελιξ) spiral, round, curved in reference to the curved apex of male cerci.
Type locality: Pachitea, Peru.
Distribution: Colombia (Amazonas, Guainía, Guaviare, Meta, Vaupés), Peru, Venezuela.
Female described: No Larva described: No
Altitudinal range: 88–495 m IUCN status: LC— von Ellenrieder (2009c)
Records in previous references: Bota-Sierra (2014a), Bota-Sierra et al. (2015), Aristizabal-Botero et al. (2022)
Material examined: (2♁♁, 1♀). Colombia, Guainía, Inírida, comunidad Coco Viejo, 3.9075N, 67.9089W, 83 m, 30-7-2014, A. Aristizabal, E. Realpe, J. Sierra, P. Sarmiento leg., 1♁ (ANDES-E 21579); Amazonas, Apaporis, río Sorotama, 1.0471N, 70.2241W, 103 m, 1♀ (ICN); Guaviare, Reserva natural Nukak Maku, Cerro Moyano, 2.1771N, 71.1901W, 153 m, 1♁ (ICN).
Morphological characteristics (male): head mostly dark brown except posterior margin, labrum, clypeus, and mandibles pale blue (Figs. 5G, 8A–C); pterothorax dark brown, black antehumeral stripe with metallic luster; lateral black stripe occupying dorsal 0.5 of mesepimeron and mesinfraepisternum; (Fig. 8A–B); pectum pale, metepimeron with two large subtriangular black spots reaching metapleural suture and two smaller at the end of the metathoracic suture (Fig. 8C). Genital ligula rectangular, internal fold width more than 1/3 of S2 (Fig. 9M), surface entire, reaching anterior fold of S2 (Fig. 9N). Cerci long, with a bicuspid lobe in basal portion; edge of medial portion irregular; primary curvature type II (Fig. 11I); secondary curvature type III (Fig. 11H). Apophyses of paraprocts almost 1/3 of cerci length, apices curved (Fig. 11J).
Remarks: This species is known from a few localities in Peru (Ris 1918; Schmidt 1942), Venezuela (De Marmels et al. 2022), and Colombia (Bota-Sierra 2014a; Bota-Sierra et al. 2015). In Colombia, it occurs in the Amazon and Orinoquia regions and males are easily recognizable due to the unique cerci shape.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on page 231, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes henshawi Calvert 1907
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes
Lestes henshawi

description: Lestes henshawi Calvert, 1907
Remarks: This species has an intricate taxonomic history. It was described by Calvert (1907), based on two males from separate localities: San Juan, Costa Rica (type locality) and Santa Fé de Bogotá, Colombia. Ris (1918) reported a second record in Colombia from Pandi, Cundinamarca. Navás (1934) emphasized the similarity in cerci morphology between his new species L. apollinaris and L. henshawi. Kennedy (1942) proposed L. apollinaris as a synonym of L. henshawi, extending its distribution to Ecuador, and provided a comprehensive redescription of the male and the first description of the female. Rácenis (1958) and later, De Marmels (1988), extended its distribution into the northeastern Andes from Venezuela.
Donnelly (1996), by comparison of material from distinct localities along their known distribution, revised the status of both species in detail. Finding differences in coloration patterns, as well as in morphology of cerci and male posterior lobe of prothorax, he concluded that both are valid species. Therefore, the distribution of L. henshawi is now restricted to Costa Rica, while L. apollinaris is found throughout the Andes, from northern Peru to Venezuela.
In Colombia, Urrutia (2005) reported L. henshawi for Valle del Cauca Department. Pérez-Gutiérrez & Palacino-Rodriguez (2011), based on this record, included it in the checklist of Odonata from Colombia. During the visit to MUSENUV, CCMP examined the material identified as L. henshawi and reidentified it as L. apollinaris. Based on this result, we exclude this species from Colombia.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on pages 231-232, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Lestes jerrelli Tennessen 1997
Creators: name: Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo
name: Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A.
name: Muzón, Javier
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Odonata
Lestidae
Lestes
Lestes jerrelli

description: Lestes jerrelli Tennessen, 1997
Fig. 5H (♁ head), Fig. 8D–F (♁ pterothorax), Fig.11K–L (♁ caudal appendages), Fig. 18 (distribution), Fig. 25 (♁ and ♀ couple in tandem field photo).
Etymology: Named after Jarrel J. Diagle.
Type locality: Napo, Ecuador.
Distribution: Bolivia, Colombia (Meta), Ecuador, Peru.
Female described: No Larva described: No
Altitudinal range: 232 m IUCN status: LC—Sandoval et al. (2021)
Records in previous references: Bota-Sierra (2014a)
Material examined: (1♁). Colombia, Meta, San Martin, reserva Rey Zamuro, 3.5551, 73.3510, 250 m, 08-06- 2014, C. Moreno leg., 1♁ (CEUA 81489).
Morphological characteristics: head mostly dark brown except for labrum, clypeus, mandibles and two pale blue spots on posterior margin (Fig. 5H). Pterothorax dorsally pale blue, laterally yellowish, except a black antehumeral stripe iridescent, mesepimeral black stripe extending from mesinfraepisternum to mesopleural fossa and a black dot on second thoracic spiracle (Fig. 8D–E); pectum yellowish, except for two black subtriangular spots on metepimeron and metapostepimeron (Fig. 8E–F). Cerci with an acute basal tooth, projected distally at 45°; edge of medial portion convex, with a row of denticles; primary curvature type III, apex excavated (Fig. 11K); secondary curvature type II. Paraprocts well-developed, almost 2/3 of cerci length, apices excavated (Fig. 11L).
Remarks: This rare species is known from a few localities from southern Bolivia to the eastern foothills of the Andes in the Colombian Orinoco region (Fig. 18) (Tennessen 1997; Bota-Sierra et al. 2014a). Regarding Colombian Lestes, this species resembles L. forficula by the morphology of the caudal appendages, however, L. jerrelli has cerci and paraproct tips concave.
description: Published as part of Mendoza-Penagos, Cristian Camilo, Pérez-Gutiérrez, León A. & Muzón, Javier, 2024, A revision of Lestidae Calvert, 1901 (Odonata: Zygoptera) from Colombia, with the first record of Lestes dichrostigma Calvert, 1909, pp. 201-240 in Zootaxa 5415 (2) on pages 232-233, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5415.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/10692884
Stomatorhinus Boulenger
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus

description: [[Genus Stomatorhinus Boulenger]]
Introduction
Stomatorhinus Boulenger 1898 is a genus of small mormyrid weakly electric fishes from African freshwaters that is diagnosed by having widely separated nares with the posterior nares located close to the mouth. In all other mormyrid genera the posterior nares are remote from the mouth. A second putative synapomorphy for the genus comes from the study of neuroanatomy: the electrosensory lateral line lobe has two distinct zones on each side of the midline in all assayed species of Stomatorhinus (7 of 12) in contrast to the three distinct zones found in all other mormyrid species examined to date (Bell & Russell 1978; McNamara, Denizot and Hopkins in press).
Twelve species of Stomatorhinus are regarded as valid (Gosse 1984). Ten of these are endemic to the Congo River basin; an eleventh is found in both the lower Congo and the coastal Chiloango River, just north of the Congo River mouth. Stomatorhinus walkeri (Günther 1867), from the Ogooué and Kouilou-Nairi river basins, is the type species of the genus and the only species described from a region remote from the Congo basin to date. Here we describe a new species of Stomatorhinus known only from the Ivindo River basin in Gabon. Although the Ivindo is a large tributary of the Ogooué, there are no records of S. walkeri from it. Adults of the Ivindo basin Stomatorhinus species are significantly smaller than adults of S. walkeri and differ in body proportions, counts and coloration. Harder (2000) assigned these Ivindo basin Stomatorhinus specimens to S. fuliginosus Poll 1941, a species described from the Congo basin to which they are more similar in counts, measurements and overall size than they are to S. walkeri. Here we show that the Stomatorhinus from the Ivindo River basin is distinct from S. fuliginosus, S. walkeri and other described Stomatorhinus and recognize it as a new species.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 2
Stomatorhinus ater Pellegrin 1924
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus ater

description: Stomatorhinus ater Pellegrin 1924.
4 (of 6) syntypes: MRAC 15.097-15.099, MNHN 23-155; non-types: CU 87781 (1), CU 87893 (1), CU 87897 (1), CU 87912 (1), CU 87981 (1), CU 89099 (1), CU 89100 (3), CU 89190 (2).
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus corneti Boulenger 1899
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus corneti

description: Stomatorhinus corneti Boulenger 1899.
1 (holotype): MRAC 638.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus fuliginosus Poll 1941
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus fuliginosus

description: Stomatorhinus fuliginosus Poll 1941.
8 syntypes: MRAC 66.546-553.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus humilior Boulenger 1899
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus humilior

description: Stomatorhinus humilior Boulenger 1899.
2 (of 3) syntypes: MRAC 636, 637.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus kununguensis Poll 1945
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus kununguensis

description: Stomatorhinus kununguensis Poll 1945.
1 lectotype: MRAC 21.573; 5 (of 8) paralectotypes: MRAC 21.574, 38.627, 48.785, 57.221-57.222.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus microps Boulenger 1898
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus microps

description: Stomatorhinus microps Boulenger 1898,
2 (of 7) syntypes: MRAC 68, MRAC 94.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus patrizii Vinciguerra 1928
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus patrizii

description: Stomatorhinus patrizii Vinciguerra 1928;
non-types: CU 81662 (1), CU 87989 (1).
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus polli Matthes 1964
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus polli

description: Stomatorhinus polli Matthes 1964,
12 (of 43) paratypes: MRAC 69597, MRAC 120179-185, MRAC 138976-978, MRAC 138993.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus polylepis Boulenger 1899
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus polylepis

description: Stomatorhinus polylepis Boulenger 1899,
4 (of 9) syntypes: MRAC 640-643.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus puncticulatus Boulenger 1899
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus puncticulatus

description: Stomatorhinus puncticulatus Boulenger 1899,
2 (of 3) syntypes: MRAC 634, 635; non-types: CU 41319 (1).
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Stomatorhinus walkeri
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Stomatorhinus
Stomatorhinus walkeri

description: Stomatorhinus walkeri (Günther 1867),
syntypes 2 (of 2): BMNH 1867.5.3.15-16; non-types: CU 79708 (1), CU 80149 (4), CU 80227 (12), CU 80237 (3), CU 80245 (1), CU 80248 (1), CU 80255 (1), CU 80256 (2), CU 80264 (2), CU 80304 (2), CU 80315 (2), CU 80347 (1), CU 80467 (1), CU 80469 (1), CU 80472 (2), CU 80477 (2), CU 80523 (4), CU 80536 (1), CU 81069 (4), CU 81076 (1), CU 81340 (6), CU 81341 (2), CU 81631 (9), CU 81638 (11), CU 82204 (1), CU 83071 (1), CU 83261 (3).
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Petrocephalus affinis Sauvage 1879
Creators: name: John P. Sullivan
name: Carl D. Hopkins
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2005
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Chordata
Osteoglossiformes
Mormyridae
Petrocephalus
Petrocephalus affinis

description: Petrocephalus affinis Sauvage 1879 (synonym of S. walkeri),
holotype: MNHN A.894.
description: Published as part of John P. Sullivan & Carl D. Hopkins, 2005, A new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa., pp. 1-23 in Zootaxa 847 on page 21
Pachyprotasis fulvomaculata Wei & Zhong 2002
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis fulvomaculata

description: Pachyprotasis fulvomaculata Wei & Zhong, 2002
(Figs. 5, 6, 35, 47)
Pachyprotasis fulvomaculata Wei & Zhong, 2002: 224 –225; [female]; type locality: China (Henan).
Material examined. Holotype, Ψ, Dakuaidi, Lushi, Henan Province (111°03΄E, 34°06΄N, alt. 1700m), 21. 0 7. 2001, Yihai Zhong leg.; 2 Ψ, Mt. Baiyun, Songxian, Henan Province (112°06΄E, 34°15΄N, alt. 1500–1600m), 15–17. 0 7. 2004, Shaobin Zhang, Liu Weixin leg.; 1 Ψ, Mt. Longyuwan, Luanchuan, Henan Province (111°06΄E, 33°81΄N, alt. 1600–1800m), 20. 0 7. 2004, Shaobin Zhang leg.
Distribution. China (Henan).
Diagnosis. Female (Figs. 5, 6): Body length 7.5 mm. Black, ventral part of head and dorsal part of thorax with yellow white spots; tergites 4–8 and all of sternites red brown; hind leg yellow brown, apical 2/3 of metafemur with rubiginous inner spot, apex of metatibia, apex of tarsomere 5 and claw black, apical 3/4 of metafemur, metatibia except extreme apex and tarsomere 1 except apex red brown; labrum large and with truncated anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, extends to median ocellus; antennae nearly equal to combined length of thorax and abdomen, flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2 = 1.09; punctures on dorsal part of head dense, a little large; mesepisternum polished, punctures minute and shallow, strongly shiny. Lancet with 22 annuli (Fig. 35), middle serrula with 2 anterior and 4–5 posterior sub-basal teeth (fig. 47).
Discussion. The species is similar to P. rubiapicilia, but it can be distinguished from the latter by the the following characters: body small; tergites 4–8 and sternites entirely red; labrum and clypeus without dard brown spots; flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum minute, shallow; posterior sub-basal teeth of middle serrulae fewer than in the latter.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on page 6, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456
Pachyprotasis maculotergitis Zhu & Wei 2008
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis maculotergitis

description: Pachyprotasis maculotergitis Zhu & Wei, 2008
(Figs. 9, 10, 37, 49)
Pachyprotasis maculotergitis Zhu & Wei, 2008: 176 –177; [female]; type locality: China (Shaanxi).
Material examined. Holotype, Ψ, Zhenan, Shaanxi Province (109°16΄E, 33°45΄N, alt. 1300–1600m), 10. 0 7. 2005, Qing Yang leg.; Paratype, 1 Ψ, Zhenan, Shaanxi Province (109°16΄E, 33°45΄N, alt. 1300–1600m), 10. 0 7. 2005, Qing Yang leg.; 1 Ψ, Mt. Zhongnan, Shaanxi Province (108°58΄E, 33°54΄N, alt. 1292m), 28. 0 5. 2006, Xun Zhu leg.
Distribution. China (Shaanxi).
Diagnosis. Female (figs. 9, 10): Body length 9 mm. Head and thorax black, ventral side of head yellow white; small spot on central part of mesonotal middle lobe, central part of mesoscutellum, small spot on apcial part of appendage, apex of metascutellum, middle part of pectus and metesternum yellow white; abdomen black, yellow white are: medial triangular spots on posterior parts of tergites 3–6, most of tergite 10, deflexed lateral sides of tergites 1 and 4–8, posterior margins of each sternite; red are: apical part or tergite 3, tergite 4 and 5; hind leg yellow white, band on outer side of metacoxa, extreme apex of metatibia, apex of each metatarsomere black; apical 7/8 of metafemur, metatibia except apex red brown; hind tarsomere 1 except extreme apex brown; labrum with round anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, reaching median ocellus; dorsal part of head with dense and rather large punctures, punctures on upper part of mesepisternum as large as on dorsal part of head, but shallower, punctures on lower part minute and dense. Lancet with 22 annuli (Fig. 37), middle serrula with 2 anterior and 8–9 posterior sub-basal teeth (fig. 49).
Discussion. The species is similar to P. rufocinctilia, but it can be easily distinguished from the latter by the the following characters: metacoxa yellow white, outer side with black band, apical 7/8 of metafemur, metatibia and hind tarsomere 1 each except apex red brown; median fovea ditch-like, reaching median ocellus; middle serrula with 2 anterior and 8–9 posterior sub-basal teeth.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on pages 8-9, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456
Pachyprotasis rubiapicilia Wei & Nie 1999
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis rubiapicilia

description: Pachyprotasis rubiapicilia Wei & Nie, 1999
(Fig. 15, 16, 39, 51)
Pachyprotarsis [recte: Pachyprotasis] rubiapicilia Wei & Nie in Nie & Wei, 1999: 107–108, 113; [female]; type locality: China (Henan).
Material examined. Holotpye, Ψ, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan Province (111°83΄E, 33°05΄N, alt. 1600m), 15. 0 7. 1998, Meicai Wei leg.; 1 Ψ, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan Province (111°83΄E, 33°05΄N, alt. 1600– 1800m), 21. 0 7. 2004, Weixin Liu leg.; 1 Ψ, Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan Province (111°83΄E, 33°05΄N, alt. 1300–1400m), 25. 0 7. 2004, Weixin Liu leg.
Distribution. China (Henan).
Diagnosis. Female (figs. 15, 16): Body length 10 mm. Black, yellow white are: ventral side of head, spots on dorsal side of throrax, deflexed lateral sides of all tergites, sternites; tergites 4–8 rubiginous; metacoxa, metatrochanter, basal 1/5 of metafemur and greater part of metatarsi yellow white; small spots on middle part of labrum and clypeus, anterior margins of clypeus dark brown; band on outer side of metacoxa, inner part on apical half of metafemur, extreme apex of metatibia black; apcial 4/5 of metafemur and metatibia except extreme apex red brown; labrum large with truncated anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, deeply reaching median ocellus; antennae equal to combined length of thorax and abdomen, flagellomere 1 equal to flagellomere 2; punctures on dorsal part of head dense, a little large and shallow; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum the same as on head, on lower part minute and shallow. Lancet with 21 annuli (Fig. 39), middle serrula with 2 anterior and 9–11 posterior sub-basal teeth (fig. 51).
Discussion. The species is characterized by: head and thorax black, without red, abdomen black, tergites 4–8 rubiginous; metacoxa yellow white, outer side with black band, apcial 4/5 of metafemur, metatibia and hind tarsomere 1 except extreme apex red brown; flagellomere 1 equal to flagellomere 2. These characters allow it to be easily distinguished from other species of the indica group.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on pages 11-13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456
The comparison of biological effects caused by silica-based nanoparticles functionalized with maleamic complexes of copper and gallium on cell lines derived from triple negative breast cancer
Creators: name: Voňka, Petr
name: Díaz-García, Diana
name: Kolářová, Tamara
name: Vaculovič, Tomáš
name: Hrstka, Roman
name: Gómez-Ruiz, Santiago
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: Copper and gallium complexes have been explored as potential anticancer agents in preclinical and clinical trials, but their mechanisms of action differ. Copper complexes promote increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and intercalate into DNA. In contrast, the biological activity of gallium complexes is primarily attributed to their chemical similarity to Fe3+ causing their competition in binding on target molecules. This study compares Cu(II)-maleamic and Ga(III)-maleamic complexes to assess the impact of the central metal atom on their biological activity. Both complexes were covalently grafted onto the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) via mercapto ligands. Functionalized MSNs reduced the viability of MDA-MB-231 cells. Further, biological effects were examined on MDA-MB-231 and MDAMB-468 triple-negative breast cancer cell lines. In MDA-MB-231 cells, the Cu(II)-maleamic complex triggered ROS production, accompanied by an increased phosphorylation of H2AX and cell cycle arrest at the G2 phase. Conversely, in MDA-MB-468 cells, the Cu(II)-maleamic complex induced PARP cleavage. In both cell lines, the Cu(II)-maleamic complex promoted autophagy, as evidenced by elevated LC3B protein levels. In contrast, the Ga(III)-maleamic complex did not elicit these effects at the same dose. Overall, functionalized MSNs were synthesized to investigate the influence of the central metal atom on the biological activity of maleamic complexes. Biological experiments revealed that the copper-based complex exhibited stronger effects on both used cell lines. These findings provide a foundation for future research aimed at developing novel organometallic compounds with potential anticancer properties, as well as nanomaterial systems designed to target biologically active molecules into cancer cells.
Pachyprotasis rubiginosa Wei & Nie 1999
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis rubiginosa

description: Pachyprotasis rubiginosa Wei & Nie, 1999
(Figs. 17, 18, 40, 52)
Pachyprotarsis [recte: Pachyprotasis] rubiginosa Wei & Nie in Nie & Wei, 1999: 110–111, 114; [female]; type locality: China (Henan).
Material examined. Holotype, Ψ, Mt. Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan Province (112°06΄E, 34°15΄N, alt. 1800m), 12. 0 7. 1998, Wei Xiao leg.; 1 Ψ, Mt. Baiyun, Songxian, Henan Province (112°06΄E, 34°15΄N, alt. 1500–1600m), 17. 0 7. 2004, Wei Xiao leg.
Distribution. China (Henan).
Diagnosis. Female (figs. 17, 18): Body length 9.5 mm. Black, labrum, lower part of inner orbits continues with lower part of hind orbits, central part of frons, ventral parts of scape and pedicel, spots on mesepisternum and apical half of metepimeron, spots on lateral margins of tergites 1–3 yellow white; most of clypeus, upper part of inner orbits continues with a spot on temple, upper half of hind orbits, hind head, tegulae, anterolateral sides of mesonotal middle lobe, middle part of metapostnotum, middle parts of sternites, most of tergites 4, 5 red brown; mesoscutellum, middle band on appendage, posterior part of metascutellum, basal parts of sternites yellow brown; dorsal part of base of metacoxa, ventral side of metatrochanter, basal 1/9 and inner side of metafemur, apical 1/6 of metatibia, middle part of metatarsomere 1 black; apical 8/9 on outer part of metafemur and basal 5/6 metatibia red brown; tarsomere 2–5 yellow white; labrum large and with truncated anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, reaching median ocellus; antennae longer than combined length of thorax and abdomen, flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2 = 1.05; punctures on dorsal part of head large, coarse; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum large and deep, on lower part minute and dense. Lancet with 22 annuli (Fig. 40), middle serrula with 2–3 anterior and 10–12 posterior sub-basal teeth (fig. 52)
Discussion. The species is similar to P. rufocephala, but can be easily distinguished from it by the mesepisternum and pectus being without white spots; most of clypeus red brown; flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2; postocellar furrow absent; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum large, deep and distinct.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on page 13, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456
Pachyprotasis rufocephala Wei 2005
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis rufocephala

description: Pachyprotasis rufocephala Wei 2005
(Figs. 19, 20, 41, 53)
Pachyprotasis rufocephala Wei & Lin, 2005: 453 –454; [female]; type locality: China (Guizhou, Hunan).
Material examined. Holotype, Ψ, Dashahe, Zunyi, Guizhou Province (106°9΄E, 27°7΄N, alt. 1300m), 24. 0 5. 2004, Yang Lin leg.; Paratype: 1 Ψ, Hunan Province (111°35΄E, 29°6΄N), 16. 0 7. 1992, Zhiwei Liu leg.
Distribution. China (Guizhou, Hunan).
Diagnosis. Female (figs. 17, 18): Body length 8.5 mm. Head and body rubiginous, yellow white are: ventral sides of head, large spot on middle part of pectus, spots on deflexed lateral sides of tergites, medial triangular spots on posterior parts of tergites; black are: spot on ocellus area, antennae, triangular spot on middle part of mesonotal middle lobe, appendage, lateral margins of metanotum, mesepleuron and metepleuron, pectus and metesternum, lateral side of tergites 2–5; hind leg red brown, apex of metacoxa, metatrochanter and basal 1/6 of metafemur yellow white, base of metacoxa, dorsal part on apical 5/6 of metafemur, extreme apex of metatibia and tarsomere 5 black; labrum large and with acute anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, anterior half deep and posterior half shallow; antennae shorter than combined length of thorax and abdomen, flagellomere 1 shorter than flagellomere 2 = 0.83; punctures on dorsal part of head dense, coarse; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum minute, shallow and scattered, on lower part minute and dense. Lancet with 18 annuli (Fig. 41), middle serrula with 1–2 anterior and 10–11 posterior sub-basal teeth (fig. 53)
Discussion. The species is characterized by: dorsal part of head and body rubiginous; pectus and basal 1/6 of metafemur yellow white; punctures on mesonotum and mesepisternum small and shallow. The species is similar to P. h e p a t i c o l o r, but punctures on dorsal part of head coarse, mesepisternum with a triangular red brown spot, pectus with large white spot, allow P. rufocephala to easily be distinguished from it.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on pages 13-15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456
Pachyprotasis rufocinctilia Wei 1998
Creators: name: Zhong, Yihai
name: Wei, Meicai
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2010
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Arthropoda
Insecta
Hymenoptera
Tenthredinidae
Pachyprotasis
Pachyprotasis rufocinctilia

description: Pachyprotasis rufocinctilia Wei, 1998
(Figs. 21, 22, 23, 24, 42, 54, 59, 60)
Pachyprotarsis [recte: Pachyprotasis] rufocinctilia Wei in Nie & Wei, 1998: 168; [male]; type locality: China (Henan).
Material examined. Holotype, ɗ, Songxian, Henan Province (112°06΄E, 34°15΄N), 19. 0 7. 1996, Meicai Wei leg.; 1 Ψ, Mt. Baiyun, Songxian, Henan Province (112°06΄E, 34°15΄N, alt. 1500–1600m), 15. 0 7. 2004, Weixin Liu leg.; 1 Ψ, Mt. Baotianman, Neixiang, Henan Province (111°83΄E, 33°05΄N, alt. 1300–1700m), 22. 0 7. 2004, Weixin Liu leg.
Distribution. China (Henan, Hunan).
Diagnosis. Male (figs. 23, 24): Body length 7 mm. Black, ventral side of head, spots on dorsal part of thorax, spots on anterior part of mesepisternum, apex of metapleuron, spot on middle part of pectus yellow white, tergites 3–5 and sternites 1–6 red brown; hind legs black, basal half of metatibia dark red; metatrochanter, ventral side on basal 1/4 of metafemur, apex of tarsomere 1, tarsomere 2–4 entirely and tarsomere 5 except for extreme apex yellow white; labrum small and with truncated anterior margin; median fovea ditch-like, not reaching median ocellus; antennae compressed with sharp longitudinal carina, flagellomere 1 longer than flagellomere 2 =1.2; punctures on dorsal part of head dense, coarse; punctures on upper part of mesepisternum large, deep and a little scattered, on lower part minute. Gonoforceps and penis valve as in Figs 59, 60. Female (figs. 21, 22): Body length 8 mm, color and structure same as male, but mesepisternum and pectus entirely black, without white sopt. Lancet with 19 annuli (Fig. 42), middle serrula without any teeth (fig. 54).
Discussion. The species is characterized and can be easily distinguished from other species of indica group by: head and thorax black, without red; abdomen black, only tergites 3–5 and sternites 1–6 red brown; hind legs black, basal half of metatibia dark red; metatrochanter, ventral side on basal 1/4 of metafemur, base and apex of tarsomere 1, the 2nd to basal half of the 5th tarsomere yellow white.
description: Published as part of Zhong, Yihai & Wei, Meicai, 2010, The Pachyprotasis indica group (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) in China with descriptions of eight new species, pp. 1-30 in Zootaxa 2670 on page 15, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.276456