cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Cohort size and youth labour-market outcomes: the role of measurement
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Moffat, John
name: Roth, Duncan
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: Economics
Wirtschaft
unemployment
measurement error
EU-SILC
Cohort size
cohort crowding
employment

description: Using data from 49 European regions covering 2005-2012, this paper finds that the estimated effect of cohort size on employment and unemployment outcomes is very sensitive to the age range of the sample. We argue that this is because the identification strategy commonly used in this literature is unable to eliminate the bias caused by measurement error in the cohort-size variable. The latter arises because large shares of the young choose to acquire education and consequently the size of an age group provides a poor measure of age-specific labour supply. In our view older age groups provide a more suitable sample to test the implications of cohort crowding since the former will have largely entered the labour market. Using a sample aged 25-29, which has relatively low rates of participation in education, we find robust evidence that an increase in cohort size increases employment and reduces unemployment.
Exploring galaxies-gravitational waves cross-correlations as an astrophysical probe
Creators: name: Scelfo, Giulio
name: Boco, Lumen
name: Lapi, Andrea
name: Viel, Matteo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Gravitational waves astronomy has opened a new opportunity to study the Universe. Full exploitation of this window can especially be provided by combining data coming from gravitational waves experiments with luminous tracers of the Large Scale Structure, like galaxies. In this work we investigate the cross-correlation signal between gravitational waves resolved events, as detected by the Einstein Telescope, and actively star-forming galaxies. The galaxies distribution is computed through their UV and IR luminosity functions and the gravitational waves events, assumed to be of stellar origin, are self-consistently computed from the aforementioned galaxies distribution. We provide a state-of-the-art treatment both on the astrophysical side, taking into account the impact of the star formation and chemical evolution histories of galaxies, and in computing the cross-correlation signal, for which we include lensing and relativistic effects. We find that the measured cross-correlation signal can be sufficiently strong to overcome the noise and provide a clear signal. As a possible application of this methodology, we consider a proof-of-concept case in which we aim at discriminating a metallicity dependence on the compact objects merger efficiency against a reference case with no metallicity dependence. When considering galaxies with a Star Formation Rate $ψ> 10 \: M_{\odot} /\rm{yr}$, a Signal-to-Noise ratio around a value of 2-4 is gained after a decade of observation time, depending on the observed fraction of the sky. This formalism can be exploited as an astrophysical probe and could potentially allow to test and compare different astrophysical scenarios.
Analysis of Property Values, Local Government Finances and Reservation of Land for National Parks and Similar Purposes
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Pearson, Leonie J.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Pearson, Leonie J.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: National Parks
subject: local government

description: The impact on local government finances of the reservation of land for national parks in local government areas has been a bone of contention. This article analyses the situation. It identifies conditions in which the reservation of land for national parks increases total rateable unimproved property values in a local government area. The level of a local government’s receipts from rates tend to move in the same direction as the total value of rateable property in its local government area. Thus, even though national parks and similar natural areas are not rateable, it is possible that the reservation of some local government areas for such protection, can increase the receipts from rates of the local council concerned. However this is not always so and conditions for an increase in local government revenue are specified. Local governments may wish to maximise their income for discretionary expenditures rather than total receipts. Conditions are specified in which the reservation of` local areas for national parks fosters this objective, and other circumstances in which such reservation is in conflict with this objective. Depending upon the nature of the relevant functions, local government finances may benefit from the existence of national parks in a local government area or be adversely affected by their presence. As far as we are aware, the conditions for this have not been previously specified.
Nature of nuclear rings in unbarred galaxies: NGC 7742 and NGC 7217
Creators: name: Sil'chenko, O. K.
name: Moiseev, A. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have studied the unbarred Sb galaxy with a nuclear star-forming ring, NGC 7742, by means of 2D spectroscopy, long-slit spectroscopy, and imaging, and have compared the results with the properties of another galaxy of this type, NGC 7217, which is studied by us earlier. Both galaxies have many peculiar features in common: each has two global exponential stellar disks with different scalelengths, each possesses a circumnuclear inclined gaseous disk with a radius of 300 pc, and each has a global counterrotating subsystem, gaseous one in NGC 7742 and stellar one in NGC 7217. We suggest that past minor merger is the probable cause of all these peculiarities, including appearance of the nuclear star-forming rings without global bars; the rings might be produced as resonance features by tidally induced oval distortions of the global stellar disks.
description: Accepted to AJ, 11 PS/EPS figures (5 figures were added in color)
title: Empirical Analysis of the Assessment of Innovation Effects in U.S. Merger Cases
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Kern, Benjamin R.
name: Dewenter, Ralf
name: Kerber, Wolfgang
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: innovation
merger policy
Economics
Wirtschaft
US antitrust
innovation market

description: In this empirical study all mergers that have been challenged by the U.S. antitrust agencies FTC and DOJ between 1995 and 2008 were analyzed in regard to the question to what extent and how the agencies assessed the innovation effects of mergers. Theoretical background is the still open question how negative effects of mergers on innovation should be taken into account in merger policy. Although we can show in our study that in one third of all challenged mergers also innovation concerns were raised, the results also point to a still existing large degree of uneasiness and inconsistencies of the agencies in regard to the assessment of innovation effects. A particularly interesting result is that - despite the wide-spread rejection of the "innovation market approach" in the antitrust debate - the agencies used more an innovationspecific assessment approach that includes also innovation in the market definition than the pure traditional product market concept. Additionally, we also found significant differences between the assessment approaches of the FTC and the DOJ.
Defining Chinese ideophones: A family of constructions (2019)
Creators: name: Hoey, Thomas Van
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: The question of what constitutes an ideophone in a particular language is not always very clear. Dingemanse’s definition of “marked words that depict sensory imagery” (2011; 2012), which “belong to an open class of lexical words” (2019), serves as a great aid to dissect the canonical idea of the cross-linguistic ideophone, and helps to analytically place related phenomena (e.g. phonesthemes) nearer or farther away from this core. However, this definition can also be ‘translated’ to the language-particular level, and have most recently been instrumental in deciding which words to include in CHIDEOD, the Chinese Ideophone Database (Van Hoey & Thompson 2019; under review), but more importantly, which to exclude.This paper will first outline previous lines of research on Chinese ideophones from three perspectives: (a) Chinese sources, most of which focus solely on onomatopoeia (e.g. Zhao 2008), (b) Japanese studies which compare Chinese to Japanese (Lu 2006; You 2015), and (c) Western sources that place most attention on formal aspects (e.g. Sun 1999; Mok 2001 a.o.).Next, Dingemanse’s definition will be used to qualitatively categorize different groups of words as ideophone or not; thus, this will effectively exclude: words that have a referential function, rather than a qualificative one (Newman 1968); repetitions rather than reduplications (Dingemanse 2015); or unmarked prosaic words which do fit the description of “sensory imagery” (Winter 2019).Finally, the type frequencies available from CHIDEOD will be analysed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis (e.g. Glynn 2014), in order to shed light on the prototypical structure of ideophones in Chinese. Rather than one unitary prototypical core, it is found that a number of variables cluster in two big groups, dividing SOUND ideophones from most other ideophones (VISUAL, TACTILE, INNER STATES etc.). This approach thus acknowledges traditional treatments of onomatopoeia, but further provides solid quantitative reasoning to include the remaining senses under the umbrella term of ‘Chinese ideophones’ as well, since it can be shown that they may be grouped into a single family of constructions.
Additional file 1 of Radiomic model for differentiating parotid pleomorphic adenoma from parotid adenolymphoma based on MRI images
Creators: name: Song, Le-Le
name: Shun-Jun Chen
name: Chen, Wang
name: Shi, Zhan
name: Wang, Xiao-Dong
name: Song, Li-Na
name: Dian-Sen Chen
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Artificial Intelligence and Image Processing
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Additional file 1: Fig. 1. (a-b) ROC curves showing the comparison of the combined model based on the TW1-2 sequence and the clinical features for the training cohort (a) and the validation cohort (b).
Alternative Specifications and Extensions of the Economic Threshold Concept and the Control of Livestock Pests
Creators: name: Davis, Rex
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Davis, Rex
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Livestock Production/Industries
subject: pest control
subject: pest management
subject: livestock

description: Outlines economic threshold models developed by various authors as an aid to decision-making about pest management. Particular attention is given to the models proposed by Stern et al. (1959) and by Headley (1972) and the major differences in their concepts of the economic threshold. Limitations and scope for applying these models is discussed as well as differences in the extent of their applications are reviewed. After considering general issues in this respect, particular matters are given attention such as difficulties raised by complexities in the nature of yield loss function due to uncertainty in pest densities, the presence of multiple-pests, and the occurrence of pesticide resistance. An extension is provided for multiple species pest models to incorporate both multiple-pest species and pest resistance. The presence of fixed costs and the complexities in determining actual cost functions for pest control are also raised as additional qualifications to existing economic models of decision-making about pest control. The combination of these factors limits the applicability of profit-maximising thresholds for livestock management, especially compared to other strategies such as prophylaxis, although improvements in dynamic biological modelling and computer simulations are increasing the scope for applying profit-maximising models.
Non-contact atomic force microscopy: Stability criterion and dynamical responses of the shift of frequency and damping signal
Creators: name: Couturier, Gérard
name: Boisgard, Rodolphe
name: Nony, Laurent
name: Aimé, Jean-Pierre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic and Molecular Clusters (physics.atm-clus)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The aim of this article is to provide a complete analysis of the behavior of a noncontact atomic force microscope (NC-AFM). We start with a review of the equations of motion of a tip interacting with a surface in which the stability conditions are first revisited for tapping mode. Adding the equations of automatic gain control (AGC), which insures constant amplitude of the oscillations in the NC-AFM, to the equations of motion of the tip, a new analytical stability criterion that involves proportional and integral gains of AGC is deduced. Stationary solutions for the shift of frequency and for the damping signal are obtained. Special attention is paid to the damping signal in order to clarify its physical origin. The theoretical results are then compared to those given by a virtual machine. The virtual machine is a set of equations solved numerically without any approximation. The virtual machine is of great help in understanding the dynamical behavior of the NC-AFM as images are recorded. Transient responses of the shift in frequency and of the damping signal are discussed in relation to the values of proportional and integral gains of AGC.
Skilquewat : on the trail of Property Woman : the life story of Freda Diesing
Creators: name: Slade, Mary Anne Barbara
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: This dissertation presents the life story of Freda Diesing, artist, teacher, and the first Haida woman known to become a professional carver. Diesing holds the Haida name Skilquewat, which translates as the descriptive phrase "On the trail of Property Woman." This phrase makes an appropriate title, as it reflects both the research process and the form of the written result. Diesing's life is not presented here as a monolith discovered, singular and clearly bounded, but rather as an organic accretive identity, constantly in the process of construction and negotiation. Diesing defines herself in relation to her mother and her grandmother, and her stories tell how they negotiated their own identities during times of rapid cultural change. For all three women changes in Haida culture under pressure from wider Canadian society tended to emphasize the role of women in the domestic sphere, as wives and mothers, while mmimizing their wider political and social impact. Diesing, a woman of mixed ethnic decent, who married late, has no children, lives only on the mainland and grows increasingly independent and active as an elderly widow, resists easy classification. She performs her own identity variably, depending upon her audience. By developing her identity as a Haida artist and teacher Diesing has been able to negotiate a position of continuing respect and influence appropriate to her chiefly heritage, despite inauspicious circumstances in her own life and in the contemporary history of the Haida people. Yet it is not being recognized as an artist or a master carver that has been Diesing's primary intention. Rather she has used her art itself as a tool in achieving a goal she defines as most important: helping both Natives and non-Natives understand and take pride in the indigenous cultural heritage of the Northwest Coast. More than an artist, Freda Diesing is a teacher. Through the stories she tells, and through her own life's example, she reminds us all of the continuing vitality of Northwest Coast cultures, and especially of the important contributions of women in Coastal society.
Chinese ideophones in advertisements and social media: Motivated by multimodal metaphors (2020)
Creators: name: Hoey, Thomas Van
name: Hsu, Iju
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: In the past few years, the typologically widespread phenomenon of ideophones has been defined as “marked words that depict sensory imagery, which belong to an open lexical class” (Dingemanse 2011; Dingemanse 2012; Dingemanse 2019). Chinese also has a large inventory of ideophones spread over many semantic domains (Van Hoey & Thompson 2019). While their meanings can be glossed in a descriptive manner, it is their depictive nature that makes them stand out, e.g. the short depiction of mángmáng 茫茫 with its long gloss of ‘vague and vast, stretching farther than the eye can see, immeasurable’. They are “the next best thing to having been there” (Dingemanse 2011: 299).In order to better understand their meanings, it is necessary that we take the multimodality of their usage into consideration. In recent years, research has mostly focused on spoken features as well as cross-modal mappings to gesture (e.g. Mihas 2013), but the nature of the Chinese script allows these words to figure prominently in advertisements and on social media, from which we draw the data for this study.We investigate the usage of (mostly) visual Chinese ideophones by relating the data to multimodal metaphor theory, as it has been applied to e.g. cartoons (Forceville & Urios-Aparisi 2009) or advertisements (Pérez Sobrino 2017).A typical example from our growing dataset which uses the full the power of multimodal metaphor is exemplified in (1), a promotional poster for the “Brilliant Starlight Concert”. In this case the stars blend together with the performers (cf. popstars), but it is the depictive nature of the ideophone that underscores their luminance. Multimodal metaphor theory thus enables the description of the rich mental imagery (Gibbs 1990) that is evoked when ideophones are used in cross-modal mappings, next to their literal usage and helps us to better understand them.
Super-Poissonian noise in a Coulomb blockade metallic quantum dot structure
Creators: name: Nguyen, V. Hung
name: Nguyen, V. Lien
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The shot noise of the current through a single electron transistor (SET), coupled capacitively with an electronic box, is calculated, using the master equation approach. We show that the noise may be sub-Poissonian or strongly super-Poissonian, depending mainly on the box parameters and the gate. The study also supports the idea that not negative differential conductance, but charge accumulation in the quantum dot, responds for the super-Poissonian noise observed.
description: 4 Pages, 3 Figures
The Study of Variability of 8 Blazar Candidates Among the \textit{Fermi}-LAT Unidentified Gamma-Ray Sources
Creators: name: Nkundabakura, P.
name: Kamanzi, J. D.
name: Mbarubucyeye, J. D.
name: Mutabazi, T.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the time-series behavior of 8 extragalactic 3FGL sources away from the Galactic plane (i.e., $\mid b\mid \geq 10^{\circ}$) whose uncertainty ellipse contains a single X-ray and one radio source. The analysis was done using the standard Fermi \textit{ScienceTools}, package of version v10r0p5. The results show that sources in the study sample display a slight indication of flux variability in $γ$-ray on monthly timescale. Furthermore, based on the object location on the variability index versus spectral index diagram, the positions of 4 objects in the sample were found to fall in the region of the already known BL Lac positions.
description: Submitted to conference proceedings for IAU 356 symposium: Nuclear Activity in Galaxies Across Cosmic Time (editors: M. Povic, J.Masegosa, H. Netzer, P. Marziani, P. Shastri, S.B. Tessema \& S. H. Negu)
World Heritage Listing of Australian Natural Sites: Tourism Stimulus and its Economic Value
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Wilson, Clevo
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Land Economics/Use
subject: Tourism
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: World Heritage
subject: National Parks

description: Australia has 14 areas inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage list, on the basis of their globally outstanding natural and in some cases also cultural values. Many regard listing as prestigious and believe that it acts as a signalling device like a brand name. But to what extent and in what ways does the extra prestige bestowed by this listing translate into increased economic value for listed properties? This article deals with two main aspects of World Heritage listing. First, examines the hypothesis that World Heritage listing increases tourist visitation numbers, and available international visitor time-series data are examined to provide empirical evidence. It is found that although visitor numbers are likely to increase as a result of World Heritage listing, the increase is not as large as is often perceived. Some properties continue to experience low visitation rates despite World Heritage listing, and reasons for this phenomenon are advanced. Likely reasons for the inequalities in growth patterns of visits to different World Heritage properties are highlighted. Secondly, the article considers how the economic value of the tourism stimulus provided by World Heritage listing can be measured in principle and relates this to economic impact analysis and total economic valuation. Important and new limitations to the use of the travel cost method in this context are identified.
Additional file 1 of Parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services in children the first year of life– a register-based, nationwide study
Creators: name: Heuckendorff, Signe
name: Johansen, Martin Nygård
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
name: Overgaard, Charlotte
name: Fonager, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Supplementary Table 1. Characteristics of the excluded population.
title: The Debt Brake in the Eyes of the German Population
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hayo, Bernd
name: Neumeier, Florian
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: Germany.
Economics
Wirtschaft
European Fiscal Compact
Debt brake
balanced budget rule
survey

description: In response to the recent sovereign debt crisis, the member states of the European Union agreed to enact balanced budget rules in their national legislation. However, little is known about the public’s opinion of balanced budget rules. To fill this gap, we conducted a survey among 2,000 representatively chosen German citizens. Our findings suggest that 61% of the German population supports the debt brake, whereas only 8% oppose it. However, approval rates differ notably among various subgroups of the population. The debt brake enjoys greater support among high-income earners and among those well-informed about the future costs of deficit spending. People who do not trust politicians would like to see the government’s hands tied even more tightly. Opinions about the debt brake also differ markedly across the supporters of different political parties.
Sbath, Paolo: Massime di Elia Metropolitano di Nisibi (975 - 1036)
Creators: name: Graf, G.
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 33 Nr. 2 (1936): Oriens christianus, Band 33, Heft 2
Algorithms to enumerate superspecial Howe curves of genus 4
Creators: name: Kudo, Momonari
name: Harashita, Shushi
name: Howe, Everett W.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G20 (Primary) 14G15, 14H45 (Secondary)

description: A Howe curve is a curve of genus $4$ obtained as the fiber product of two genus-$1$ double covers of $\mathbf{P}^1$. In this paper, we present a simple algorithm for testing isomorphism of Howe curves, and we propose two main algorithms for finding and enumerating these curves: One involves solving multivariate systems coming from Cartier--Manin matrices, while the other uses Richelot isogenies of curves of genus $2$. Comparing the two algorithms by implementation and by complexity analyses, we conclude that the latter enumerates curves more efficiently. Using these algorithms, we show that there exist superspecial curves of genus $4$ in characteristic $p$ for every prime $p$ with $7 < p < 20000$.
description: 15 pages. ANTS 2020. The previous version assumed a hypothesis that we verified computationally for each input prime p. Recently Jordan and Zaytman proved that this hypothesis holds in general, and the revised paper reflects this. There are other more minor edits as well
Distance-based degrees of polarization for a quantum field
Creators: name: Klimov, A. B.
name: Sanchez-Soto, L. L.
name: Yustas, E. C.
name: Soderholm, J.
name: Bjork, G.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: It is well established that unpolarized light is invariant with respect to any SU(2) polarization transformation. This requirement fully characterizes the set of density matrices representing unpolarized states. We introduce the degree of polarization of a quantum state as its distance to the set of unpolarized states. We use two different candidates of distance, namely the Hilbert-Schmidt and the Bures metric, showing that they induce fundamentally different degrees of polarization. We apply these notions to relevant field states and we demonstrate that they avoid some of the problems arising with the classical definition.
description: 8 pages, 1 eps figure
title: International Capital Flows, External Assets and Output Volatility
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Hoffman, Matthias
name: Krause, Michael
name: Tillmann, Peter
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: uncertainty
Economics
Wirtschaft
Capital flows
precautionary savings
productivity growth
net foreign assets

description: This paper proposes a new perspective on international capital flows and countries'long-run external asset position. Cross-sectional evidence for 84 developing countries shows that over the last three decades countries that have had on average higher volatility of output growth (1) accumulated higher external assets in the long-run and (2) experienced more procyclical capital outflows over the business cycle than those countries with a same growth rate but a more stable output path. To explain this finding we provide a theoretical mechanism within a stochastic real business cycle growth model in which higher uncertainty of the income stream increases the precautionary savings motive of households. They have a desire to save more when the variance of their expected income stream is higher. We show that in the model the combination of income risk and a precautionary savings motive will lead to procyclical capital outflows at business cycle frequency and a higher long-run external asset position.
Aquaculture, Environmental Spillovers and Sustainable Developments: Links and Policy Choices
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Aquaculture
subject: Environmental Spillovers
subject: Sustainable Development

description: Although aquaculture has been practised for many centuries, it was in the past on quite a modest scale and limited to a few species e.g. carp. However, in recent decades, aquaculture has shown very rapid expansion. This is partly because catches of wild fish have expanded at a slower rate than demand and many new scientific and technological advances have been made in aquaculture. Furthermore, by the mid-1990s evidence available to scientists indicated that catches of wild fish had either reached, nearly reached or even exceeded their sustainable limits (Williams, 1997). Consequently, according to Meryl Williams (1997, p.18), Director of ICLARM, now “aquaculture is the major, though not sole hope, for improving the world’s fish production”. Aquaculture, particularly marine aquaculture, has become a new economic frontier. Just as humankind in the past experienced the Agricultural Revolution it seems now to be starting on an Aquaculture Revolution. Naturally, this raises the question of how sustainable it will be. The purpose of this article is to discuss the sustainability of aquaculture production. If expanded aquaculture production sets into motion forces that make it unsustainable, economic development based on it will be short lived. One should at least be aware how lack of economic sustainability of aquaculture production can arise, and be prepared to adopt policies to curb or prevent undesired trends in this.
Revealing Hidden Variability in PWNe With Spectral Index Maps
Creators: name: Guest, Benson
name: Safi-Harb, Samar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Pulsar wind nebulae (PWNe) are the synchrotron bubbles inflated by the rotational energy of a neutron star. Observing variability within them has previously been limited to cases of significant brightening, or the few instances where transient features are interpreted in terms of intrinsic motion or associated with variability from the pulsar. Jet and torus morphology are also only visible in cases of differing brightness with respect to the surrounding nebula and favourable alignment with our line of sight. Spectral map analysis involves binning observations with an adaptive algorithm to meet a signal limit and colouring the results based on the desired model parameter fits. Minute changes in spectral index become therefore apparent even in cases where brightness images alone do not suggest any underlying changes. We present a Chandra X-ray study of the PWNe in G21.5-0.9, Kes 75, G54.1+0.3, G11.2-0.3, and 3C 58, using archival observations accumulated over the ~20-year lifetime of the mission. With the spectral map analysis technique, we discover evidence for previously unknown variability opening a new window into viewing PWNe.
description: To appear in MNRAS. 16 pages 30 figures
title: Order Placement in a Continuous Double Auction Agent Based Model
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Mandes, Alexandru
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: market impact
agent based modeling
order placement
contin- uous double auction
Economics
Wirtschaft
high-frequency financial markets

description: Modeling intraday financial markets by means of agent based
models requires an additional building block which reflects the order execu- tion, i.e. the trading process. Current implementations rely only on stochastic placement strategies, ranging from total randomness to adding some bud- get constraints. This contribution addresses the issue of order placement for low-tech traders, by replacing the zero-intelligence assumption with a microtrading-based approach. The results show that the power-law decaying relative price distribution of off-spread limit orders and the concave shape of the overall market price impact can be replicated when rational order submission strategies are used.
Peters, Curt: Peschittha und Targumim des Pentateuchs
Creators: name: Stummer, Friedrich
Publisher: name: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients
Year: 2024

description: Oriens christianus : Hefte für die Kunde des christlichen Orients, Bd. 33 Nr. 2 (1936): Oriens christianus, Band 33, Heft 2
Additional file 2 of Parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services in children the first year of life– a register-based, nationwide study
Creators: name: Heuckendorff, Signe
name: Johansen, Martin Nygård
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
name: Overgaard, Charlotte
name: Fonager, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2: Supplementary Table 2. Number and percentages in each exposure group and subgroup.
Homotopy of posets, net-cohomology and superselection sectors in globally hyperbolic spacetimes
Creators: name: Ruzzi, Giuseppe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Operator Algebras (math.OA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study sharply localized sectors, known as sectors of DHR-type, of a net of local observables, in arbitrary globally hyperbolic spacetimes with dimension $\geq 3$. We show that these sectors define, has it happens in Minkowski space, a $\mathrm{C}^*-$category in which the charge structure manifests itself by the existence of a tensor product, a permutation symmetry and a conjugation. The mathematical framework is that of the net-cohomology of posets according to J.E. Roberts. The net of local observables is indexed by a poset formed by a basis for the topology of the spacetime ordered under inclusion. The category of sectors, is equivalent to the category of 1-cocycles of the poset with values in the net. We succeed to analyze the structure of this category because we show how topological properties of the spacetime are encoded in the poset used as index set: the first homotopy group of a poset is introduced and it is shown that the fundamental group of the poset and the one of the underlying spacetime are isomorphic; any 1-cocycle defines a unitary representation of these fundamental groups. Another important result is the invariance of the net-cohomology under a suitable change of index set of the net.
description: 4 figures. To be published in Reviews in Mathematical Physics
Proposed precision laser spectrometer for trapped, highly charged ions
Creators: name: Vogel, M.
name: Winters, D. F. A.
name: Segal, D. M.
name: Thompson, R. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Atomic Physics (physics.atom-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose a novel type of precision laser spectrometer for trapped, highly charged ions nearly at rest. It consists of a cylindrical open-endcap Penning trap in which an externally produced bunch of highly charged ions can be confined and investigated by means of laser spectroscopy. The combination of confinement, cooling and compression of a dense ion cloud will allow the ground state hyperfine splitting in highly charged ions to be measured with an accuracy three orders of magnitude better than in any previous experiment. A systematic study of different charge states and different isotopes of the same element allows for highly sensitive tests of bound-state QED and for a precision determination of nuclear properties. Apart from stable isotopes, also radioactive species with half-lives longer than about one hour can be investigated.
description: 8 pages, 7 figures
Competition, Evolution and Optimisation: Comparisons of Models in Economics and Ecology
Creators: name: Tisdell, Clement A.
name: Tisdell, Clement A.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 2001
Subjects: subject: Environmental Economics and Policy
subject: Biology
subject: competition
subject: evolution
subject: market development
subject: optimisation

description: Discusses concepts of competition in economics and ecology and the relevance of evolution to both subjects. It is suggested that although speciation or increasing biodiversity tends to occur in undisturbed ecological systems, the opposite trend may occur in economic systems. Competition based on optimisation plays a significant role in theories of the evolution of species and some theories of the evolution of business or industrial structures. But evolution does not result in optimal selection of species or businesses for the future, and there is scope for doubt about what is being optimised by survivors in the evolutionary process. Ecological or biological theories of intra-specific competition involving scramble and contest competition are outlined and economic analogies are identified. It is argued that heterogeneity or diversity of individuals within a population of competing members has important implications for the sustainability or stability of populations involved in these types of competition. Comparisons are made between the survival of new industries and the probability of survival of populations of species.
Investigating the function and stability of CD45-associated protein, a protein implicated in T cell activation
Creators: name: Wong, David W.
Publisher: name: University of British Columbia
Year: 2009

description: Recently, a novel lymphocyte-specific transmembrane protein, CD45 associated protein or CD45ap, was identified due to its constitutive association with CD45, a transmembrane protein tyrosine phosphatase essential to the activation of T cells. Although little is known about the role of CD45ap in T cell activation, its potential importance in the T cell response has been demonstrated by the fact that the expression of CD45ap is lymphocyte specific rather than being present in all cells that express CD45 and that CD45ap-null mice have been shown to have reduced T cell proliferation upon stimulation. It was also shown that CD45ap could associate with kinases essential to the T cell response such as Lck and ZAP-70, stimulating suggestions that CD45ap may function as an adaptor molecule. Expression of CD45ap as a bacterial fusion protein yielded a highly degraded and unstable protein suggesting that the mechanism responsible for CD45ap degradation in eukaryotic cells may be conserved in E. coli. Subsequent deletion analysis demonstrated that a 40 amino acid residue deletion from the C-terminus of CD45ap could stabilize its expression. However, the same 40 amino acid residue deletion from CD45ap did not alter the half life of the molecule in eukaryotic L fibroblast cells. The stable recombinant form of CD45ap was shown in vitro to outcompete CD45 for binding to Lck. This correlates with other in vitro findings that demonstrated CD45ap significantly decreased the rate at which CD45 could dephosphorylate the F505 Lck mutant (believed to be constitutively active) but only slightly decreased the rate at which CD45 could dephosphorylate the F394 Lck mutant (believed to be constitutively inactive). This suggests that CD45ap can serve as an effective modulator of the CD45- Lck interaction as well as a promoter of T cell activation by its ability to favour the CD45-mediated activation rather than deactivation of Lck. In further support of CD45ap serving as a promoter of T cell activation, BW 5147 T cells overexpressing CD45ap demonstrated prolonged and increased phosphorylation of various T cell proteins upon CD3 stimulation. In addition, the WW domain of CD45ap was also shown to interact with a 50 kDa tyrosine phosphorylated protein providing another possible route through which CD45ap may promote T cell activation. Narrowing the potential roles that CD45ap may play in T cell signaling, CD45ap was found not to affect that rate of CD45 transport to the cell surface or the turnover rate of CD45 in L cells. However, CD45ap expression in L cells resulted in increased total but not cell surface levels of CD45, implicating CD45ap in the maintenance of subcellular pools of CD45.
Adiabatic and isothermal sound waves: the case of supercritical nitrogen
Creators: name: Bencivenga, F.
name: Cunsolo, A.
name: Krisch, M.
name: Monaco, G.
name: Ruocco, G.
name: Sette, F.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Disordered Systems and Neural Networks (cond-mat.dis-nn)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The acoustic sound dispersion of nitrogen in its liquid and supercritical phases has been studied by Inelastic X-Ray Scattering. Approaching supercritical conditions, the gradual disappearance of the positive sound dispersion, characteristic of the low temperature liquid, is observed. In the supercritical state, evidence for a crossover between adiabatic and isothermal sound propagation regimes is inferred by an analysis of the dynamic structure factor based on generalized hydrodynamics.
description: 4 pages, 4 figures
Fermionic dualities with axial gauge fields
Creators: name: Grushin, Adolfo G.
name: Palumbo, Giandomenico
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dualities that map hard-to-solve, interacting theories to free, non-interacting ones often trigger a deeper understanding of the systems to which they apply. However, simplifying assumptions such as Lorentz invariance, low dimensionality, or the absence of axial gauge fields, limit their application to a broad class of systems, including topological semimetals. Here we derive several axial field theory dualities in 2+1 and 3+1 dimensions by developing an axial slave-rotor approach capable of accounting for the axial anomaly. Our 2+1-dimensional duality suggests the existence of a dual, critical surface theory for strained three-dimensional non-symmorphic topological insulators. Our 3+1-dimensional duality maps free Dirac fermions to Dirac fermions coupled to emergent U(1) and Kalb-Ramond vector and axial gauge fields. Upon fixing an axial field configuration that breaks Lorentz invariance, this duality maps free to interacting Weyl semimetals, thereby suggesting that the quantization of the non-linear circular photogalvanic effect can be robust to certain interactions. Our work emphasizes how axial and Lorentz-breaking dualities improve our understanding of topological matter.
description: 11+3 pages, 3 figures, minor changes, accepted in Phys. Rev. B
The distribution of ideophones in Tang poems: A variationist perspective (2016)
Creators: name: Hoey, Thomas Van
name: Lu, Chiarung
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Linguistics
subject: FOS: Languages and literature

description: Presentation delivered at the Conference on Language, Discourse and Cognition 8 (2016)
Additional file 3 of Parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services in children the first year of life– a register-based, nationwide study
Creators: name: Heuckendorff, Signe
name: Johansen, Martin Nygård
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
name: Overgaard, Charlotte
name: Fonager, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 3. Crude incidence rate ratio (95% confidence interval) of healthcare contacts for each exposure group.
Evidence for a magnitude-dependent bias in the Hamburg/ESO Survey for Damped Lyman-alpha Systems
Creators: name: Smette, A.
name: Wisotzki, L.
name: Ledoux, C.
name: Garcet, O.
name: Lopez, S.
name: Reimers, D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2005
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present preliminary results from the Hamburg/ESO survey for Damped Ly-alpha (hereafter, DLA) Systems. This survey is characterized by (i) the good knowledge of the biases affecting the parent QSO survey, (ii) the brightness and (iii) the relatively wide magnitude distribution of the background QSOs. Therefore, it is well-suited to study possible magnitude-dependent biases in DLA surveys, such as the one expected from dust obscuration. We have systematically searched for damped Lyman-alpha line candidates in 5 A resolution spectra of the 188 QSOs that constitute our statistical sample. These candidates have later been reobserved with UVES at the ESO--Very Large Telescope (VLT) for confirmation and accurate N(HI) measurements. In the redshift range covered by the survey, 19 DLA systems have been discovered. Over the whole survey, we find that the number density, n(z), and cosmological density of gas, Omega_gas, have comparable values to the ones obtained by CORALS (Ellison et al. 2001). However, the number densities of DLA systems n(z) in two sub-samples of equal absorption distance path defined by the magnitude of the background QSOs differ by a factor of about 5. We estimate that the probability that n(z) is equal in the two sub-samples is < 0.003. A similar, only slightly less significant difference is found for Omega_gas.
description: 3 pages, 3 figures. To appear in IAU 199 conf. proc.: "Probing Galaxies through Quasar Absorption Lines," eds. Williams, Shu, Menard
INCLUDING THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF COST PAYING IN REGIONAL INPUT-OUTPUT ANALYSIS
Creators: name: Elder, Eric E.
name: Butcher, Walter R.
name: Elder, Eric E.
name: Butcher, Walter R.
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 1989
Subjects: Community/Rural/Urban Development

description: Traditional input-output analysis is used to determine indirect and induced benefits resulting from spending on a particular projects. Emphasis has been on positive impacts to the economy in question, usually ignoring the related costs of paying for the project. Input-output was used in this study to see if the negative impacts brought about by payments for a projects were significant. Negative impacts were found to give rise to significant indirect and induced negative impacts on the economy suggesting that negative impacts be included as a standard feature in input-output analysis.
title: Optimal Monetary Policy in a Currency Union: Implications of a Country-specific Cost Channel
title: MAGKS - Joint Discussion Paper Series in Economics
Creators: name: Michaelis, Jochen
name: Palek, Jakob
Publisher: name: Philipps-Universität Marburg
Year: 2014
Subjects: monetary union
open economy macroeconomics
cost channel
Economics
Wirtschaft
optimal monetary policy

description: There is growing empirical evidence that the strength of the cost channel of
monetary policy differs across countries. Using a New Keynesian model of a two-country monetary union, we show how the introduction of a cost channel (differential) alters the optimal monetary responses to union-wide and national shocks. The cost channel makes monetary policy less e¤ective in combating inflation, but it is shown that the optimal response to the decline in effectiveness is a stronger use of the instrument. On the other hand, the larger the cost channel di¤erential, the less aggressive will the optimal monetary policy be. For almost all parameter constellations, our welfare analysis suggests a clear-cut ranking of policy regimes: commitment outperforms the Taylor rule, the Taylor rule outperforms strict inflation targeting, and strict inflation targeting outperforms discretion.
Additional file 4 of Parental mental health conditions and use of healthcare services in children the first year of life– a register-based, nationwide study
Creators: name: Heuckendorff, Signe
name: Johansen, Martin Nygård
name: Johnsen, Søren Paaske
name: Overgaard, Charlotte
name: Fonager, Kirsten
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 4: Supplementary Table 4. Sensitivity analysis only including first-born. Incidence rate ratio (95% confidence interval), crude and adjusted, of healthcare contacts for each exposure group.