cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: Von MFA für MFA: Präsenzfortbildung zur Optimierung der Impfstofflagerung in Hausarztpraxen
Creators: name: Klidis, Kerstin
name: Thielmann, Anika
name: Weltermann, Birgitta
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Etwa 68% der Kühlschränke in deutschen Hausarztpraxen erreichen Temperaturen jenseits des für die Lagerung von Impfstoffen empfohlenen Temperaturzielbereichs (2-8°C). Damit wird eine zentrale Voraussetzung für effektive und sichere Impfungen nicht erfüllt.[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
An introduction to quantum game theory
Creators: name: Flitney, Adrian P.
name: Abbott, Derek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The application of the methods of quantum mechanics to game theory provides us with the ability to achieve results not otherwise possible. Both linear superpositions of actions and entanglement between the players' moves can be exploited. We provide an introduction to quantum game theory and review the current status of the subject.
description: 8 pages, RevTeX; v2 minor changes to the text in light of referees comments, references added/updated
Sound velocity in dense stellar matter with strangeness and compact stars
Creators: name: Xia, Chengjun
name: Zhu, Zhenyu
name: Zhou, Xia
name: Li, Ang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The phase state of dense matter in the intermediate density range ($\sim$1-10 times the nuclear saturation density) is both intriguing and unclear and could have important observable effects in the present gravitational wave era of neutron stars. As the matter density increases in compact stars, the sound velocity is expected to approach the conformal limit ($c_s/c=1/\sqrt{3}$) at high densities and should also fulfill the causality limit ($c_s/c<1$). However, its detailed behavior remains a hot topic of debate. It was suggested that the sound velocity of dense matter could be an important indicator for a deconfinement phase transition, where a particular shape might be expected for its density dependence. In this work, we explore the general properties of the sound velocity and the adiabatic index of dense matter in hybrid stars, as well as in neutron stars and quark stars. Various conditions are employed for hadron-quark phase transition with varying interface tension. We find that the expected behavior of the sound velocity can also be achieved by the nonperturbative properties of the quark phase, in addition to a deconfinement phase transition. And it leads to a more compact star with a similar mass. We then propose a new class of quark star equation of states, which could be tested by future high-precision radius measurements of pulsar-like objects.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, 1 table, review article to appear in Chinese Physics C
Additional file 6: of Examining the fundamental biology of a novel population of directly reprogrammed human neural precursor cells
Creators: name: Jan-Eric Ahlfors
name: Ashkan Azimi
name: Rouwayda El-Ayoubi
name: Velumian, Alexander
name: Vonderwalde, Ilan
name: Boscher, Cecile
name: Mihai, Oana
name: Sarathi Mani
name: Samoilova, Marina
name: Khazaei, Mohamad
name: Fehlings, Michael
name: Morshead, Cindi M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Medicine
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Molecular Biology
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: 60506 Virology

description: Figure S6. drNPC-derived spheres can be derived from monolayers and give rise to neurons and glia in vitro. Dissociating 80% confluent drNPC monolayers and plating them at 10 cells/μl density results in free-floating spheres within 7 days of culturing. Differentiating spheres for additional 7 days in the presence of serum will result in GFAP-positive astrocytes, Olig2-positive oligodendrocytes, and Tuj1-positive neurons. Scale bar = 100 μm. Representative bright field images of drNPC monolayer (left) and spheres (centre), and a representative IHC image of differentiated drNPC-derived spheres. (PDF 249 kb)
CysZ: Structural and Functional Studies of a Novel Sulfate Transport Protein
Creators: Assur, Zahra
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2013
Subjects: Cytology
Carrier proteins
Biochemistry
Biophysics

description: Sulfur, an essential element required by the cell for the biosynthesis of crucial compounds, such as amino acids, co-factors and vitamins, is found most abundantly in the form of sulfate. In order to cross the lipid bilayer for cell usage, sulfate, being a negatively charged ion, requires an energetically `friendly' passageway. This could be accomplished via an ion channel that allows the flow of sulfate into the cell along its concentration gradient, or via an active transport system that allows sulfate to be taken up by the cell when it is in scarcity in the environment, against its concentration gradient, like the ABC transporter and sodium or proton-coupled symporters. The subject of this dissertation, CysZ, is a bacterial sulfate transport protein that does not belong to any known superfamily of canonical transporters or channels with no distinguishing features that could hint at its functional mechanism. We have undertaken a structural and functional approach to further understanding the role of CysZ in sulfate transport. In this dissertation, we report the structure of CysZ, its functional role in sulfate uptake and have suggested a mechanistic hypothesis for the passage of sulfate through CysZ along with the exciting future directions that might follow.
title: PJ-Unterricht in der Allgemeinmedizin: Mentoring und Peer-Learning
Creators: name: Schnurr, Julia
name: Wolf, Isabella
name: Preiser, Christine
name: Auer-Rebmann, Manuela
name: Joos, Stefanie
name: Koch, Roland
Publisher: name: German Medical Science GMS Publishing House
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 610 Medical sciences; Medicine

description: Hintergrund: Das Praktische Jahr (PJ) als Übergang zwischen Aus- und Weiterbildung stellt eine wichtige Schnittstelle dar, um Entwicklungspotenziale ärztlicher Kompetenzen bei Studierenden gezielt zu erkennen und zu fördern. Um diese Potenziale zu verwirklichen, wurde der PJ-Unterricht[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL]
description: 53. Kongress für Allgemeinmedizin und Familienmedizin
DANSE: Data-driven Non-linear State Estimation of Model-free Process in Unsupervised Learning Setup
Creators: name: Ghosh, Anubhab
name: Honoré, Antoine
name: Chatterjee, Saikat
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We address the tasks of Bayesian state estimation and forecasting for a model-free process in an unsupervised learning setup. For a model-free process, we do not have any a-priori knowledge of the process dynamics. In the article, we propose DANSE -- a Data-driven Nonlinear State Estimation method. DANSE provides a closed-form posterior of the state of the model-free process, given linear measurements of the state. In addition, it provides a closed-form posterior for forecasting. A data-driven recurrent neural network (RNN) is used in DANSE to provide the parameters of a prior of the state. The prior depends on the past measurements as input, and then we find the closed-form posterior of the state using the current measurement as input. The data-driven RNN captures the underlying non-linear dynamics of the model-free process. The training of DANSE, mainly learning the parameters of the RNN, is executed using an unsupervised learning approach. In unsupervised learning, we have access to a training dataset comprising only a set of measurement data trajectories, but we do not have any access to the state trajectories. Therefore, DANSE does not have access to state information in the training data and can not use supervised learning. Using simulated linear and non-linear process models (Lorenz attractor and Chen attractor), we evaluate the unsupervised learning-based DANSE. We show that the proposed DANSE, without knowledge of the process model and without supervised learning, provides a competitive performance against model-driven methods, such as the Kalman filter (KF), extended KF (EKF), unscented KF (UKF), a data-driven deep Markov model (DMM) and a recently proposed hybrid method called KalmanNet. In addition, we show that DANSE works for high-dimensional state estimation.
description: 12 pages, Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions in Signal Processing
Hospital and Physician Effects on Treatment Choices
Creators: name: Fernandes, Luis
name: Gutacker, Nils
name: Chalkley, Martin
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2019

description: Abstract and slides from oral presentation at the 5th EuHEA PhD Student-Supervisor and Early Career Researcher Conference in Catania, Italy, between 5th – 7th September 2018.
Coherent States of $gl_q(2)$-covariant Oscillators
Creators: name: Chung, W-S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper two types of coherent states of $gl_q(2)$-covariant oscillators are investigated.
description: LaTeX v1.2, 10 pages with no figure
Cascaded Rotational Doppler Effect
Creators: name: Deng, Junhong
name: Li, King Fai
name: Liu, Wei
name: Li, Guixin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose and substantiate experimentally the cascaded rotational Doppler effect for interactions of spinning objects with light carrying angular momentum. Based on the law of parity conservation for electromagnetic interactions, we reveal that the frequency shift can be doubled through cascading two rotational Doppler processes which are mirror-imaged to each other. This effect is further experimentally verified with a rotating half-wave plate, and the mirror-imaging process is achieved by reflecting the frequency-shifted circularly polarized wave upon a mirror with a quarter-wave plate in front of it. The mirror symmetry and thus parity conservation guarantees that this doubled frequency shift can be further multiplied with more successive mirror-imaging conjugations, with photons carrying spin and/or orbital angular momentum, which could be widely applied for detection of rotating systems ranging from molecules to celestial bodies with high precision and sensitivity.
description: Four Pages and Two Figures; Comments to Welcome
title: Complexity, Compliance Costs and Non-Compliance with VAT by Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Bangladesh: Is there a Relationship?
Creators: name: Faridy, Nahida
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Value Added Tax (VAT)
subject: Non-compliance with VAT, Bangladesh
subject: Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs), Bangladesh

description: The Value Added Tax (VAT), which has existed for 24 years in Bangladesh, has contributed some 37% on average to total tax revenue over the last 15 years (Saleheen, 2012; National Board of Revenue, 2014). Although, the introduction of a VAT has increased tax revenues and expanded the tax base in Bangladesh, many small and medium enterprise (SME) taxpayers do not comply with the VAT legislation, not only failing to register with the tax authorities as taxpayers but also failing to pay the VAT (Faridy et al., 2014; The Centre for Policy Dialogue, 2014). This non-compliance by SMEs could be intentional or unintentional (NBR, 2011; McKerchar, 2003). Also it may be due to excessive compliance costs (Abdul-Jabbar & Pope, 2009; Governance Institutes Network International, 2014), which could be a result of real or perceived legislative or administrative complexity (Yesegat, 2009), to inefficient VAT administration (Barbone et al., 2012), or to other factors. Alternatively, SME non- compliance could be due to ineffective or under-enforcement of the VAT legislation by the Bangladeshi tax authorities (Saleheen, 2013c).
Geodesic connectedness and conjugate points in GRW spacetimes
Creators: name: Flores, J. L.
name: Sanchez, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2000
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 53C50; 53C22

description: Given two points of a Generalized Robertson-Walker spacetime, the existence, multiplicity and causal character of geodesic connecting them is characterized. Conjugate points of such geodesics are related to conjugate points of geodesics on the fiber, and Morse-type relations are obtained. Applications to bidimensional spacetimes and to GRW spacetimes satisfying the timelike convergence condition are also found.
description: 31 pages and 2 figures
Helium and Nitrogen Enrichment in Massive Main Sequence Stars: Mechanisms and Implications for the Origin of WNL Stars
Creators: name: Roy, Arpita
name: Sutherland, Ralph S
name: Krumholz, Mark R
name: Heger, Alexander
name: Dopita, Michael A
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The evolutionary paths taken by massive stars with $M \gtrsim 60 \, \mathrm{M}_\odot$ remain substantially uncertain. They begin their lives as main sequence (MS) O-stars. Depending on their masses, rotation rates, and metallicities, they can then encounter a wide range of evolutionary states with an equally broad set of possible surface compositions and spectral classifications. We present a new grid of calculations for the evolution of such stars that covers a broad range in mass, M/M$_\odot = 60$ to $150$, rotation rate, $v \, / \, v_{\rm crit} = 0$ to $0.6$, metallicity, $[\mathrm{Fe}/\mathrm{H}] = -4$ to $0$, and $α$-element enhancement, $[α/\mathrm{Fe}] = 0$ to $0.4$. We show that rotating stars undergo rotationally-induced dredge-up of nucleosynthetic products, mostly He and N, to their surfaces while still on the MS. Non-rotating metal-rich stars also reveal the products of nucleosynthesis on their surfaces because even modest amounts of mass loss expose their "fossil" convective cores: regions that are no longer convective, but which were part of the convective core at an early stage in the star's evolution. Thus surface enhancement of He and N is expected for rotating stars at all metallicities, and for non-rotating stars if they are relatively metal-rich. We calculate a stellar atmosphere for a representative model from our grid, properly accounting for He- and N-enhancement, and show that the resulting spectrum provides a good match to observed WNL stars, strongly suggesting that the physical mechanisms we have identified are the ultimate cause of the WNL phase.
description: 21 pages, 18 figures, 2 tables, accepted for publication in MNRAS, in press
SF-TMN: SlowFast Temporal Modeling Network for Surgical Phase Recognition
Creators: name: Zhang, Bokai
name: Sarhan, Mohammad Hasan
name: Goel, Bharti
name: Petculescu, Svetlana
name: Ghanem, Amer
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Automatic surgical phase recognition is one of the key technologies to support Video-Based Assessment (VBA) systems for surgical education. Utilizing temporal information is crucial for surgical phase recognition, hence various recent approaches extract frame-level features to conduct full video temporal modeling. For better temporal modeling, we propose SlowFast Temporal Modeling Network (SF-TMN) for surgical phase recognition that can not only achieve frame-level full video temporal modeling but also achieve segment-level full video temporal modeling. We employ a feature extraction network, pre-trained on the target dataset, to extract features from video frames as the training data for SF-TMN. The Slow Path in SF-TMN utilizes all frame features for frame temporal modeling. The Fast Path in SF-TMN utilizes segment-level features summarized from frame features for segment temporal modeling. The proposed paradigm is flexible regarding the choice of temporal modeling networks. We explore MS-TCN and ASFormer models as temporal modeling networks and experiment with multiple combination strategies for Slow and Fast Paths. We evaluate SF-TMN on Cholec80 surgical phase recognition task and demonstrate that SF-TMN can achieve state-of-the-art results on all considered metrics. SF-TMN with ASFormer backbone outperforms the state-of-the-art Not End-to-End(TCN) method by 2.6% in accuracy and 7.4% in the Jaccard score. We also evaluate SF-TMN on action segmentation datasets including 50salads, GTEA, and Breakfast, and achieve state-of-the-art results. The improvement in the results shows that combining temporal information from both frame level and segment level by refining outputs with temporal refinement stages is beneficial for the temporal modeling of surgical phases.
Additional file 7 of Simultaneous epigenetic perturbation and genome imaging reveal distinct roles of H3K9me3 in chromatin architecture and transcription
Creators: name: Feng, Ying
name: Wang, Yao
name: Wang, Xiangnan
name: He, Xiaohui
name: Yang, Chen
name: Naseri, Ardalan
name: Pederson, Thoru
name: Zheng, Jing
name: Zhang, Shaojie
name: Xiao, Xiao
name: Xie, Wei
name: Ma, Hanhui
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genetics
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: Additional file 7. Review history.
Additional file 5: of Examining the fundamental biology of a novel population of directly reprogrammed human neural precursor cells
Creators: name: Jan-Eric Ahlfors
name: Ashkan Azimi
name: Rouwayda El-Ayoubi
name: Velumian, Alexander
name: Vonderwalde, Ilan
name: Boscher, Cecile
name: Mihai, Oana
name: Sarathi Mani
name: Samoilova, Marina
name: Khazaei, Mohamad
name: Fehlings, Michael
name: Morshead, Cindi M
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Cell Biology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Developmental Biology

description: Figure S5. Pluripotency markers are not expressed during reprogramming. BMCs reprogrammed to drNPCs were analyzed for pluripotency markers Nanog, Oct4, SSEA-1, and TRA1–81 during the reprogramming process over time. No expression of pluripotency markers was observed. Early = 1–3 in vitro; mid = days 6–7 in vitro; late = days 14–16 in vitro. Nuclei stained with Hoechst (blue). Scale bar = 100 μm. (PDF 562 kb)
title: An Investigation of Aggression in Methamphetamine Users
Creators: name: Lapworth, Kely Narelle
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2011
Subjects: subject: Methamphetamine users
subject: Methamphetamine users and aggression
subject: Aggressive behavior
subject: Psychotic symptoms

description: Methamphetamine (MA) use is associated with increased aggression, though the specific mechanisms through which this association operates remain unclear. Research has demonstrated an association between MA, heightened impulsivity and reduced behavioural control. Similarly, there is strong evidence of a link between MA use and psychotic symptoms. Despite research efforts examining these independent associations, there is a paucity of studies examining how these factors interact to influence the relationship between MA use and aggression. Study 1 was conducted to examine the independent and combined roles of impulsivity and positive psychotic symptoms on the relationship between MA and aggression. In this study, 237 injecting MA users completed a range of self-report measures of hostility, impulsivity, and dependence. Higher levels of MA dependence were associated with increased hostility, higher levels of impulsivity and greater positive psychotic symptoms. Furthermore, the relationship between MA use and aggression was mediated by both impulsivity and positive symptoms of psychosis. Synergistic effects of impulsivity and positive psychotic symptoms on hostility were also observed, with substantially higher levels of hostility being associated with the presence of positive symptoms in conjunction with heightened impulsivity. The results of Study 1 are important in increasing our current understanding of the relationship between MA dependence and aggression, but the reliance on self-report measures does present a problem because of the susceptibility of such measures to report biases. Study 2 was therefore designed to extend previous research by exploring the relationship between MA and aggression using a behavioural measure of aggression, as well as self-report measures. Behavioural and self-report measures of impulsivity were also included. Results revealed that MA users, compared with non-MA users, not only reported higher levels of aggression, but they actually behaved more aggressively when competing with a (fictitious) opponent. Furthermore, some evidence of a dose-response relationship between MA and aggression was apparent. Unexpectedly, no group differences were evident on either the behavioural or self-report measures of impulsivity. Taken together, the present research attests to the robustness of the relationship between MA use and aggression, and points to the need for increased understanding of the complex and multifaceted nature of factors such as impulsivity and positive psychotic symptoms that contribute to this relationship.
Preparation of multi-party entanglement of individual photons and atomic ensembles
Creators: name: Guo, Guo-Ping
name: Guo, Guang-Can
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2002
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An experimental feasible scheme is proposed to generate Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger (GHZ) type of maximal entanglement. Distinguishing from the previous schemes, this entanglement can be chosen between either atomic ensembles (stationary qubit) or individual photons (flying qubit), according to the difference applications we desire for it. The physical requirements of the scheme are moderate and well fit the present experimental techinque.
description: 4 pages, 3 figures,minor clarification to the Fig. 3
Linear Boltzmann transport for jet propagation in the quark-gluon plasma: Inelastic processes and jet modification
Creators: name: Luo, Tan
name: He, Yayun
name: Cao, Shanshan
name: Wang, Xin-Nian
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Nuclear Theory (nucl-th)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A Linear Boltzmann Transport (LBT) Monte Carlo model has been developed to describe jet propagation and interaction with the quark-gluon plasma (QGP) in relativistic heavy-ion collisions. A complete set of elastic scattering processes and medium-induced gluon emissions based on the higher-twist formalism are incorporated for both jet shower and medium recoil partons. It has been employed to describe experimental data on large transverse momentum hadron and jet spectra, correlation and jet substructures in high-energy heavy-ion collisions. We document in detail the structure of the model and validation of the Monte Carlo implementations of the physics processes in LBT, in particular, the inelastic process of medium-induced gluon radiation. We carry out a comprehensive examination of the jet-medium interaction as implemented in LBT through energy loss and momentum broadening of a single hard parton, the energy and transverse momentum transfer from leading partons to medium-induced gluons and jet-induced medium excitation, and medium modification of reconstructed jets in a static and uniform medium. With realistic and event-by-event hydrodynamic medium in heavy-ion collisions, we compute and compare to experimental data on the jet cone-size dependence of the single inclusive jet suppression at both Relativistic Heavy-Ion Collider (RHIC) and the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the dijet asymmetry at LHC and $γ$-jet correlation at RHIC. Effects of medium-induced gluon emissions and jet-induced medium excitation on jet observables are systematically examined. Rescatterings of the radiated gluons and recoil partons with the QGP are found essential to account for the enhancement of soft particle yield toward the edge of the jet cone.
description: 26 pages in RevTex with 33 figures. Version published in Phys. Rev. C
Incrementally Learned Mixture Models for GNSS Localization
Creators: name: Pfeifer, Tim
name: Protzel, Peter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: GNSS localization is an important part of today's autonomous systems, although it suffers from non-Gaussian errors caused by non-line-of-sight effects. Recent methods are able to mitigate these effects by including the corresponding distributions in the sensor fusion algorithm. However, these approaches require prior knowledge about the sensor's distribution, which is often not available. We introduce a novel sensor fusion algorithm based on variational Bayesian inference, that is able to approximate the true distribution with a Gaussian mixture model and to learn its parametrization online. The proposed Incremental Variational Mixture algorithm automatically adapts the number of mixture components to the complexity of the measurement's error distribution. We compare the proposed algorithm against current state-of-the-art approaches using a collection of open access real world datasets and demonstrate its superior localization accuracy.
description: 8 pages, 5 figures, published in proceedings of IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV) 2019
DFT-Based Study of the First PCET of the OER on Large (001)-Exposing Anatase TiO2 Nanoparticles in a Water-Splitting Environment
Creators: Saitta, Patrick Thomas
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2020
Subjects: Computational chemistry
Chemistry
Photosynthetic oxygen evolution
Titanium dioxide
Nanoparticles

description: This dissertation computationally studies the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) that occurs at the surface of titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles in water, specifically the first proton-couple electron transfer (PCET) of four sequential PCETs that the overall OER comprises. To do so, we first modelled TiO¬2 nanoparticles and developed a realistic passivation scheme for the nanoparticle’s surface in an aqueous environment. Additionally, we developed a fragment-based initial guess (FIG) methodology in order to make studying systems approaching real-life nanoparticle sizes computationally tenable. The FIG methodology allowed us to employ hybrid-DFT (B3LYP) calculations to study systems of around 5000 basis functions, or more than 500 atoms. Then, we simulated the PCET by selecting particular points along the PCET reactant pathway and optimizing the system at each of these dozen points. In order to make these optimizations occur in a tractable amount of time, they were run on the STAMPEDE supercomputer operated by the Texas Advanced Computing Center (TACC), implemented with an OpenMP/MPI hybrid parallelization. These optimizations provided us with a picture of the electronic structure changes that occur over the course of the PCET and allowed us to calculate theoretical overpotentials to the PCET, both of which inform our conclusion of the nature of the inefficiency of the solar water-splitting reaction. In short, our studies show the major source of inefficiency to be the thermodynamic instability of the intermediate oxygen species (a hydroxyl adsorbate) on the surface of the nanoparticle. Additionally, while the hole created by cationization does lower the overpotential of the PCET, we do not find that this is because the two happen concertedly, which would confer stability to the system and lower the total energy, but rather for some other reason. Additionally, we do not find that the hole gets filled by the transferring electron of the PCET, raising questions as to how the OER can continue to occur without the structure of the nanoparticle degrading.
title: The life cycles of competing policy norms
title: Localizing European and developmental central banking ideas
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Krampf, Arie
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::320 Politikwissenschaft::320 Politikwissenschaft

description: 1\. Introduction 5 2\. The Life Cycle of an Alternative Policy Norm 7 3\. Competing Central Banking Norms 10 4\. Methodology 12 5\. The European Regional Norm Internationalized 12 6\. The Latin American Origin of the Developmental Norm of Central Banking 15 6.1 Uploading the Latin American Norm 15 6.2 Downloading to the Asian Region 17 7\. Internationalization of an Alternative Norm 18 8\. Regional Institutions in Asia 20 9\. The Demise of the Developmental Monetary Norm 22 10\. Conclusion 23 Literature 25
description: During the 20th century, the institution called central bank was diffused globally. However, central banking practices differed significantly between European market-based economies and developing economies. This paper traces the ideas and norms that shaped and legitimized central banking practices in the two areas. The paper argues that during the period from the 1940s to the 1970s two central banking policy norms existed: the liberal norm, which emerged in Europe, and the developmental central banking norm, which emerged in Latin America and diffused to East Asia. The paper seeks to trace the life cycles of the two norms: to specify the ideational content of each norm and to identify the actors and networks that produced, promoted and diffused them. The paper makes two contributions. First, theoretically, on the basis of Finnemore and Sikkink’s theory of international norms’ dynamics, it introduces a mechanism that explains the emergence and internationalization of an alternative international norm in the periphery that challenges the standard international norm. Second, it contributes to the literature on comparative regionalism by historicizing the liberal/European standard of central banking practices and by identifying the existence of an alternative standard for central banking practices in developing countries. The paper covers the period from the 1940s to the 1970s.
Recent update on barbiturate in relation to brain disorder
Creators: name: Pathak, Sachchidanand
name: Gupta, Gaurav
name: Thangavelu, Lakshmi
name: Singh, Sachin K.
name: Dua, Kamal
name: Chellappan, Dinesh Kumar
name: Gilhotra, Ritu M.
Publisher: name: IfADo - Leibniz Research Centre for Working Environment and Human Factors, Dortmund
Year: 2021
Subjects: barbiturate
epilepsy
ntracranial pressure

description: EXCLI Journal; 20:Doc1028; ISSN 1611-2156
The Physics and Mathematics of the Second Law of Thermodynamics
Creators: name: Lieb, Elliott H.
name: Yngvason, Jakob
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1997
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The essential postulates of classical thermodynamics are formulated, from which the second law is deduced as the principle of increase of entropy in irreversible adiabatic processes that take one equilibrium state to another. The entropy constructed here is defined only for equilibrium states and no attempt is made to define it otherwise. Statistical mechanics does not enter these considerations. One of the main concepts that makes everything work is the comparison principle (which, in essence, states that given any two states of the same chemical composition at least one is adiabatically accessible from the other) and we show that it can be derived from some assumptions about the pressure and thermal equilibrium. Temperature is derived from entropy, but at the start not even the concept of `hotness' is assumed. Our formulation offers a certain clarity and rigor that goes beyond most textbook discussions of the second law.
description: 93 pages, TeX, 8 eps figures. Updated, published version. A summary appears in Notices of the Amer. Math. Soc. 45 (1998) 571-581, math-ph/9805005
Complete CMC-1 surfaces in hyperbolic space with arbitrary complex structure
Creators: name: Alarcon, Antonio
name: Castro-Infantes, Ildefonso
name: Hidalgo, Jorge
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Differential Geometry (math.DG)
subject: Complex Variables (math.CV)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We prove that every open Riemann surface $M$ is the complex structure of a complete surface of constant mean curvature 1 (CMC-1) in the 3-dimensional hyperbolic space $\mathbb{H}^3$. We go further and establish a jet interpolation theorem for complete conformal CMC-1 immersions $M\to \mathbb{H}^3$. As a consequence, we show the existence of complete densely immersed CMC-1 surfaces in $\mathbb{H}^3$ with arbitrary complex structure. We obtain these results as application of a uniform approximation theorem with jet interpolation for holomorphic null curves in $\mathbb{C}^2\times\mathbb{C}^*$ which is also established in this paper.
description: To appear in Commun. Contemp. Math
DEFINING APPROPRIATENESS: An analysis of the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards on Additions to Historic Structures and its Impact on the Practice of Architecture, Development and Preservation
Creators: White, Armon
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2018
Subjects: Historic preservation
Historic preservation--Government policy
Historic buildings--Law and legislation

description: The research begins with an examination of the history and development of the Historic Preservation Act. The motive for the investigation of this history is to contextualize the creation of the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties and its recommendations as they apply to additions to historic structures. This is to inform the question that the thesis seeks to pose, which is, whether the Standards’ position on appropriateness regarding historic building additions should be reconsidered.  The issue is important to the preservation, architectural and development communities because of the outsized impact of the Standards on preservation policy throughout the United States.
On Clifford representation of Hopf algebras and Fierz identities
Creators: name: Rodriguez-Romo, Suemi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 1996
Subjects: subject: Quantum Algebra (math.QA)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present a short review of the action and coaction of Hopf algebras on Clifford algebras as an introduction to physically meaningful examples. Some q-deformed Clifford algebras are studied from this context and conclusions are derived.
description: 27 pages, Latex2e, to appear in Found. of Phys
MOESM4 of Are ladybird beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) affected by Bt proteins expressed in genetically modified insect-resistant crops? A systematic review protocol
Creators: name: ĂLvarez-Alfageme, Fernando
name: Devos, Yann
name: MuĂąoz-Guajardo, Irene
name: Yunhe Li
name: JĂśrg Romeis
name: Meissle, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Pharmacology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Science Policy
subject: Plant Biology

description: Additional file 4. Articles used to pilot test the eligibility criteria. This file lists the articles that were used to test the eligibility criteria.
title: Understanding the Contribution of Situation Awareness to Decision Making by Medical/Surgical Nurses for Pressure Injury Prevention in Nursing Practice
Creators: name: Stubbings, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: Griffith University
Year: 2015
Subjects: subject: Nursing
subject: FOS: Health sciences
subject: Social psychology.
subject: Health services administration.
subject: Nurses, Education
subject: Situational awareness.

description: Situation awareness (SA) has been developed in occupations other than nursing to improve decision making (DM) for optimal performance and outcomes. There are some studies exploring the use of situation awareness by nurses in simulated settings but few have examined SA in clinical practice. Because of this paucity of evidence nurses’ use of situation awareness in practice is not fully understood. Studies examining decision making by nurses have indicated that clinical decisions arising from a lack of awareness of patient needs in busy, complex clinical environments can compromise care. In ward environments, compromised care often results in the omission of ‘basic’ nursing interventions which may include pressure injury prevention. This thesis explored the use of situation awareness by nurses in medical/surgical wards as the precursor to decision making and the influences on situation awareness whilst making pressure injury prevention decisions in practice.
Origin of Charge Density Wave in Topological Semimetals SrAl4 and EuAl4
Creators: name: Wang, Lin-Lin
name: Nepal, Niraj K.
name: Canfield, Paul C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Topological semimetals in BaAl4-type structure show many interesting behaviors, such as charge density wave (CDW) in SrAl4 and EuAl4, but not the isostructural and isovalent BaAl4, SrGa4 and BaGa4. Here using Wannier functions based on density functional theory, we calculate the susceptibility functions with millions of k-points to reach the small q-vector and study the origin and driving force behind the CDW. Our comparative study reveals that the origin of the CDW in SrAl4 and EuAl4 is the strong electron-phonon coupling interaction for the transverse acoustic mode at small q-vector along the \{Gamma}-Z direction besides the maximum of the real part of the susceptibility function from the nested Fermi surfaces of the Dirac-like bands, which explains well the absence of CDW in the other closely related compounds in a good agreement with experiment. We also connect the different CDW behaviors in the Al compounds to the macroscopic elastic properties.
description: 30 pages, 8 figures, 1 table
Power-law Temperature Dependence of the Penetration Depth in a Topological Superconductor due to Surface States
Creators: name: Wu, Tsz Chun
name: Pal, Hridis K.
name: Hosur, Pavan
name: Foster, Matthew S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the temperature dependence of the magnetic penetration depth in a 3D topological superconductor (TSC), incorporating the paramagnetic current due to the surface states. A TSC is predicted to host a gapless 2D surface Majorana fluid. In addition to the bulk-dominated London response, we identify a $T^3$ power-law-in-temperature contribution from the surface, valid in the low-temperature limit. Our system is fully gapped in the bulk, and should be compared to bulk nodal superconductivity, which also exhibits power-law behavior. Power-law temperature dependence of the penetration depth can be one indicator of topological superconductivity.
description: Published version, 7+5 pages, 2 figures. Added discussion on specific heat
Is Kaniadakis $κ$-generalized statistical mechanics general?
Creators: name: Alves, T. F. A.
name: Neto, J. F. da Silva
name: Lima, F. W. S.
name: Alves, G. A.
name: Carvalho, P. R. S.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In this Letter we introduce some field-theoretic approach for computing the critical properties of systems undergoing continuous phase transitions governed by the $κ$-generalized statistics, namely $κ$-generalized statistical field theory. In particular, we show, by computations through analytic and simulation results, that the $κ$-generalized Ising-like systems are not capable of describing the nonconventional critical properties of real imperfect crystals, \emph{e. g.} of manganites, as some alternative generalized theory is, namely nonextensive statistical field theory, as shown recently in literature. Although $κ$-Ising-like systems do not depend on $κ$, we show that a few distinct systems do. Thus the $κ$-generalized statistical field theory is not general, \emph{i. e.} it fails to generalize Ising-like systems for describing the critical behavior of imperfect crystals, and must be discarded as one generalizing statistical mechanics. For the latter systems we present the physical interpretation of the theory by furnishing the general physical interpretation of the deformation $κ$-parameter.
description: 19 pages, 2 figures
title: Geographie der Obdachlosigkeit in Berlin
title: Verdrängung durch die Kommodifizierung des öffentlichen Raums in Berlin
titleType: Subtitle
Creators: name: Neupert, Paul
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2010
Subjects: subject: 300 Sozialwissenschaften::360 Soziale Probleme, Sozialdienste

description: 1 Einleitung 2 2 Theoretische Vorbetrachtung 3 3 Wohnungslosigkeit in Berlin 10 4 Das Konzept der Wohnungslosenhilfe in Berlin 13 5 Die Geographie der Obdachlosigkeit in Berlin 15 5.1 Methodik der Datenerhebung 15 5.2 Nutzung des urbanen Raums durch Obdachlose in Berlin 16 6 Kommodifizierung des öffentlichen Raums in Berlin 23 6.1 Städtebauliche Aufwertung 24 6.2 Verdrängung Obdachloser aus dem öffentlichen Raum 26 6.3 Verdrängung Obdachloser aus dem semi-öffentlichen Raum 31 6.3.1 Shopping Center als sozial homogenisierte Marktplätze 31 6.3.2 Soziale Verdrängung im Berliner ÖPNV 33 7 Wahrnehmung der Verdrängung durch Berliner Obdachlose 37 8 Fazit: Bewertung und Schlussfolgerung 42 9 Abkürzungsverzeichnis 44 10 Abbildungs- und Tabellenverzeichnisverzeichnis 44 11 Literaturverzeichnis 45 12\. Anhang 57 12.1 Karten 57 12.2 Gedächtnisprotokolle 61
Simplex space-time meshes in two-phase flow simulations
Creators: name: Karyofylli, Violeta
name: Frings, Markus
name: Elgeti, Stefanie
name: Behr, Marek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computational Engineering, Finance, and Science (cs.CE)
subject: Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we present the numerical solution of two-phase flow problems of engineering significance with a space-time finite element method that allows for local temporal refinement. Our basis is the method presented in [3], which allows for arbitrary temporal refinement in preselected regions of the mesh. It has been extended to adaptive temporal refinement that is governed by a quantity that is part of the solution process, namely, the interface position in two-phase flow. Due to local effects such as surface tension, jumps in material properties, etc., the interface can, in general, be considered a region that requires high flexibility and high resolution, both in space and in time. The new method, which leads to tetrahedral (for 2D problems) and pentatope (for 3D problems) meshes, offers an efficient yet accurate approach to the underlying two-phase flow problems.
description: 13 pages, 14 Figures, 1 Table
Damage Detection and System Identification using a Wavelet Energy Based Approach
Creators: Joo, Duk Jin
Publisher: name: Columbia University
Year: 2012
Subjects: Civil engineering--Safety measures
Construction industry--Costs
Wavelets (Mathematics)
Structural health monitoring

description: Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is central to the goal of maintaining civil engineering structures safely and efficiently, and thereby securing people's lives and property. Furthermore, it plays an essential role in infrastructure design at a fraction of the capital cost of construction. In this thesis, we seek to address two of the central concerns of the SHM: parametric system identification and damage detection. The first proposed method seeks to identify the physical parameters of an analytical model. First, the connection coefficients for the scaling function were developed for deriving the responses of the velocity and displacement from the acceleration responses. Next, defining the dominant sets based on the relative energies of the Wavelet Components of the acceleration responses, the equations of motion of the system in the time domain were converted to a reduced representation of the equations of motion in terms of the DWT and of the DWPT. Finally, the least square error minimization was conducted over the dominant sets to estimate the best estimation of the physical parameters. The second proposed method seeks to detect damage in a structure. Motivated by the fact that the Empirical Mode Decomposition is seen to have different features from the Discrete Wavelet Transform when one investigates nonstationary signals, we have combined the Empirical Mode Decomposition with the Discrete Wavelet Transform to enhance the performance of the proposed method for identifying damage in the structure.
Differentially Private Distributed Estimation and Learning
Creators: name: Papachristou, Marios
name: Rahimian, M. Amin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Social and Information Networks (cs.SI)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study distributed estimation and learning problems in a networked environment where agents exchange information to estimate unknown statistical properties of random variables from their privately observed samples. The agents can collectively estimate the unknown quantities by exchanging information about their private observations, but they also face privacy risks. Our novel algorithms extend the existing distributed estimation literature and enable the participating agents to estimate a complete sufficient statistic from private signals acquired offline or online over time and to preserve the privacy of their signals and network neighborhoods. This is achieved through linear aggregation schemes with adjusted randomization schemes that add noise to the exchanged estimates subject to differential privacy (DP) constraints, both in an offline and online manner. We provide convergence rate analysis and tight finite-time convergence bounds. We show that the noise that minimizes the convergence time to the best estimates is the Laplace noise, with parameters corresponding to each agent's sensitivity to their signal and network characteristics. Our algorithms are amenable to dynamic topologies and balancing privacy and accuracy trade-offs. Finally, to supplement and validate our theoretical results, we run experiments on real-world data from the US Power Grid Network and electric consumption data from German Households to estimate the average power consumption of power stations and households under all privacy regimes and show that our method outperforms existing first-order, privacy-aware, distributed optimization methods.
description: Accepted for publication at IISE Transactions (Special issue on Federated, Distributed Learning and Analytics)