cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Factored-form Kalman-like implementations under maximum correntropy criterion
Creators: name: Kulikova, Maria V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: The maximum correntropy criterion (MCC) methodology is recognized to be a robust filtering strategy with respect to outliers and shown to outperform the classical Kalman filter (KF) for estimation accuracy in the presence of non-Gaussian noise. However, the numerical stability of the newly proposed MCC-KF estimators in finite precision arithmetic is seldom addressed. In this paper, a family of {\it factored-form} (square-root) algorithms is derived for the MCC-KF and its improved variant, respectively. The family traditionally consists of three factored-form implementations: (i) Cholesky factorization-based algorithms, (ii) modified Cholesky, i.e. UD-based methods, and (iii) the recently established SVD-based filtering. All these strategies are commonly recognized to enhance the numerical robustness of conventional filtering with respect to roundoff errors and, hence, they are the preferred implementations when solving applications with high reliability requirements. Previously, only Cholesky-based IMCC-KF algorithms have been designed. This paper enriches a factored-form family by introducing the UD- and SVD-based methods as well. A special attention is paid to {\it array} algorithms that are proved to be the most numerically stable and, additionally, suitable for parallel implementations. The theoretical properties are discussed and numerical comparison is presented for determining the most reliable implementations.
Unruh-deWitt detectors in quantum superpositions of trajectories
Creators: name: Foo, Joshua
name: Onoe, Sho
name: Zych, Magdalena
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Unruh-deWitt detectors have been utilised widely as probes for quantum particles, entanglement and spacetime curvature. Here, we extend the standard treatment of an Unruh-deWitt detector interacting with a massless, scalar field to include the detector travelling in a quantum superposition of classical trajectories. We derive perturbative expressions for the final state of the detector, and show that it depends on field correlation functions evaluated locally along the individual trajectories, as well as non-locally between the superposed trajectories. By applying our general approach to a detector travelling in a superposition of two uniformly accelerated trajectories, including those with equal and differing proper accelerations, we discover novel interference effects in the emission and absorption spectra. These effects can be traced to causal relations between the superposed trajectories. Finally, we show that in general, such a detector does not thermalise even if the superposed paths would individually yield the same thermal state.
description: Latest version has updated figures and notation
Elastic scattering of a Bose-Einstein condensate at a potential landscape
Creators: name: Brezinova, Iva
name: Lode, Axel U. J.
name: Streltsov, Alexej I.
name: Cederbaum, Lorenz S.
name: Alon, Ofir E.
name: Collins, Lee A.
name: Schneider, Barry I.
name: Burgdörfer, Joachim
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Quantum Gases (cond-mat.quant-gas)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We investigate the elastic scattering of Bose-Einstein condensates at shallow periodic and disorder potentials. We show that the collective scattering of the macroscopic quantum object couples to internal degrees of freedom of the Bose-Einstein condensate such that the Bose-Einstein condensate gets depleted. As a precursor for the excitation of the Bose-Einstein condensate we observe wave chaos within a mean-field theory.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures
Weak coupling limit for Schrödinger-type operators with degenerate kinetic energy for a large class of potentials
Creators: name: Cuenin, Jean-Claude
name: Merz, Konstantin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Spectral Theory (math.SP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We improve results by Frank, Hainzl, Naboko, and Seiringer [12] and Hainzl and Seiringer [20] on the weak coupling limit of eigenvalues for Schrödinger-type operators whose kinetic energy vanishes on a codimension one submanifold. The main technical innovation that allows us to go beyond the potentials considered in [12, 20] is the use of the Tomas-Stein theorem.
description: 27 pages. Title changed, corrected misprints, included further details in some proofs, carried out some extensions of the main result (more general kinetic energies, second order in the asymptotics, improvements for potentials with further symmetries). This is a preprint of an article published in Letters in Mathematical Physics, available online at https://doi.org/10.1007/s11005-021-01385-2
3D Generative Model Latent Disentanglement via Local Eigenprojection
Creators: name: Foti, Simone
name: Koo, Bongjin
name: Stoyanov, Danail
name: Clarkson, Matthew J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Designing realistic digital humans is extremely complex. Most data-driven generative models used to simplify the creation of their underlying geometric shape do not offer control over the generation of local shape attributes. In this paper, we overcome this limitation by introducing a novel loss function grounded in spectral geometry and applicable to different neural-network-based generative models of 3D head and body meshes. Encouraging the latent variables of mesh variational autoencoders (VAEs) or generative adversarial networks (GANs) to follow the local eigenprojections of identity attributes, we improve latent disentanglement and properly decouple the attribute creation. Experimental results show that our local eigenprojection disentangled (LED) models not only offer improved disentanglement with respect to the state-of-the-art, but also maintain good generation capabilities with training times comparable to the vanilla implementations of the models.
description: Computer Graphics Forum 2023
Equilibrium models of coronal loops that involve curvature and buoyancy
Creators: name: Hindman, Bradley W.
name: Jain, Rekha
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We construct magnetostatic models of coronal loops in which the thermodynamics of the loop is fully consistent with the shape and geometry of the loop. This is achieved by treating the loop as a thin, compact, magnetic fibril that is a small departure from a force-free state. The density along the loop is related to the loop's curvature by requiring that the Lorentz force arising from this deviation is balanced by buoyancy. This equilibrium, coupled with hydrostatic balance and the ideal gas law, then connects the temperature of the loop with the curvature of the loop without resorting to a detailed treatment of heating and cooling. We present two example solutions: one with a spatially invariant magnetic Bond number (the dimensionless ratio of buoyancy to Lorentz forces) and the other with a constant radius of curvature of the loop's axis. We find that the density and temperature profiles are quite sensitive to curvature variations along the loop, even for loops with similar aspect ratios.
description: 31 pages, 6 figures
On homogeneous quasipositive links
Creators: name: Ito, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We discuss when homogeneous quasipositive links are positive. In particular, we show that a homogeneous diagram of a quasipositive link whose number of Seifert circles is equal to the braid index is a positive diagram.
description: 5 pages, no Figures; version 2, added Theorem 5, improvement of Murasugi-Prytycki's inequality of the braid index
Nonlocal critical exponent singular problems under mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions
Creators: name: Mukherjee, Tuhina
name: Pucci, Patrizia
name: Sharma, Lovelesh
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Analysis of PDEs (math.AP)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: In this paper, we study the following singular problem, under mixed Dirichlet-Neumann boundary conditions, and involving the fractional Laplacian \begin{equation*} \label{1} \begin{cases} (-Δ)^{s}u = λu^{-q} + u^{2^*_s-1}, \quad u>0 \quad \text{in }Ω, \mathcal A(u) = 0 \quad \text{on}~ \partialΩ= \sum_{D} \cup \sum_{\mathcal{N}}, \end{cases} \tag{$P_λ$} \end{equation*} where $Ω\subset \mathbb{R}^N$ is a bounded domain with smooth boundary $\partialΩ$, $1/20$ is a real parameter, $ 0 < q < 1 $, $N>2s$, $2^*_s=2N/(N-2s)$ and $$\mathcal{A}(u)= u \mathcal{X}_{\sum_{D}} + {\partial_νu}\mathcal{X}_{ \sum_{\mathcal{N}}}, \quad{\partial_ν=\frac{\partial }{\partialν}}.$$ Here $\sum_{D}$, $\sum_{\mathcal{N}}$ are smooth $(N-1)$ dimensional submanifolds of $\partial Ω$ such that $\sum_{D} \cup \sum_{\mathcal{N}}= \partialΩ$, $\sum_{D} \cap \sum_{\mathcal{N}}= \emptyset $ and $\sum_{D} \cap \overline{\sum_{\mathcal{N}}} = τ'$ is a smooth $(N-2)$ dimensional submanifold of $\partialΩ$. Within a suitable range of $λ$, we establish existence of at least two opposite energy solutions for \eqref{1} using the standard Nehari manifold technique.
Designing controllers with predefined convergence-time bound using bounded time-varying gains
Creators: name: Aldana-López, Rodrigo
name: Seeber, Richard
name: Haimovich, Hernan
name: Gómez-Gutiérrez, David
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: Dynamical Systems (math.DS)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Recently, there has been a great deal of attention in a class of controllers based on time-varying gains, called prescribed-time controllers, that steer the system's state to the origin in the desired time, a priori set by the user, regardless of the initial condition. Furthermore, such a class of controllers has been shown to maintain a prescribed-time convergence in the presence of disturbances even if the disturbance bound is unknown. However, such properties require a time-varying gain that becomes singular at the terminal time, which limits its application to scenarios under quantization or measurement noise. This chapter presents a methodology to design a broader class of controllers, called predefined-time controllers, with a prescribed convergence-time bound. Our approach allows designing robust predefined-time controllers based on time-varying gains while maintaining uniformly bounded time-varying gains. We analyze the condition for uniform Lyapunov stability under the proposed time-varying controllers.
description: This is a preprint of the chapter: "Designing controllers with predefined convergence-time bound using bounded time-varying gains", published in Sliding-Mode Control and Variable-Structure Systems, Springer Nature Switzerland AG 2023. The final authenticated version is available online at: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37089-2_3
Dynamical phase transitions in Hegselmann-Krause model of opinion dynamics and consensus
Creators: name: Slanina, Frantisek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The dynamics of the model of agents with limited confidence introduced by Hegselmann and Krause exhibits multiple well-separated regimes characterised by the number of distinct clusters in the stationary state. We present indications that there are genuine dynamical phase transitions between these regimes. The main indicator is the divergence of the average evolution time required to reach the stationary state. The slowdown close to the transition is connected with the emergence of the groups of mediator agents which are very small but have decisive role in the process of social convergence. More detailed study shows that the histogram of the evolution times is composed of several peaks. These peaks are unambiguously interpreted as corresponding to mediator groups consisting of one, two, three etc. agents. Detailed study reveals that each transition possesses also an internal fine structure.
Determinant quantum Monte Carlo study of exciton condensation in the bilayer Hubbard model
Creators: name: Rademaker, Louk
name: Johnston, Steve
name: Zaanen, Jan
name: Brink, Jeroen van den
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We studied the possibility of exciton condensation in a strongly correlated bilayer extended Hubbard model using Determinant Quantum Monte Carlo. To model both the onsite repulsion U and the interlayer interaction V we introduced a novel update scheme extending the standard Sherman-Morrison update. We observe that the sign problem increases dramatically with the inclusion of the interlayer interaction V, which prohibits at this stage a unequivocal conclusion regarding the presence of exciton condensation. However, enhancement of the interlayer tunneling results suggest that the strongest exciton condensation tendency lies around 10-20 % p/n-doping. Magnetic properties and conductivity turn out to be relatively independent of the interlayer interaction.
description: 9 pages, 13 figures
A Strictly Bounded Deep Network for Unpaired Cyclic Translation of Medical Images
Creators: name: Rai, Swati
name: Bhatt, Jignesh S.
name: Patra, Sarat Kumar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Medical image translation is an ill-posed problem. Unlike existing paired unbounded unidirectional translation networks, in this paper, we consider unpaired medical images and provide a strictly bounded network that yields a stable bidirectional translation. We propose a patch-level concatenated cyclic conditional generative adversarial network (pCCGAN) embedded with adaptive dictionary learning. It consists of two cyclically connected CGANs of 47 layers each; where both generators (each of 32 layers) are conditioned with concatenation of alternate unpaired patches from input and target modality images (not ground truth) of the same organ. The key idea is to exploit cross-neighborhood contextual feature information that bounds the translation space and boosts generalization. The generators are further equipped with adaptive dictionaries learned from the contextual patches to reduce possible degradation. Discriminators are 15-layer deep networks that employ minimax function to validate the translated imagery. A combined loss function is formulated with adversarial, non-adversarial, forward-backward cyclic, and identity losses that further minimize the variance of the proposed learning machine. Qualitative, quantitative, and ablation analysis show superior results on real CT and MRI.
Derivative principles for invariant ensembles
Creators: name: Kieburg, Mario
name: Zhang, Jiyuan
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 60B20 (Primary) 15B52, 43A85, 43A90

description: In the present work we show that the joint probability distribution of the eigenvalues can be expressed in terms of a differential operator acting on the distribution of some other matrix quantities. Those quantities might be the diagonal or pseudo-diagonal entries as it is the case for Hermitian matrices. These representations are called derivative principles. We show them for the additive spaces of the Hermitian, Hermitian antisymmetric, Hermitian anti-self-dual, and complex rectangular matrices as well as for the two multiplicative matrix spaces of the positive definite Hermitian matrices and of the unitary matrices. In all six cases we prove the uniqueness of the derivative principles.
Derivations and linear functions along rational functions
Creators: name: Gselmann, Eszter
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Classical Analysis and ODEs (math.CA)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary 39B82, Secondary 39B72

description: The main purpose of this paper is to give characterization theorems on derivations as well as on linear functions. Among others the following problem will be investigated: Let $n\in\mathbb{Z}$, $f, g\colon\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ be additive functions, $\in\mathbf{GL}_{2}(\mathbb{Q})$ be arbitrarily fixed, and let us assume that the mapping \[ ϕ(x)=g-\frac{x^{n-1}f(x)}{(cx^{n}+d)^{2}} \quad \] satisfies some regularity on its domain (e.g. (locally) boundedness, continuity, measurability). Is it true that in this case the above functions can be represented as a sum of a derivation and a linear function? Analogous statements ensuring linearity will also be presented.
description: 13 pages; published in Monatshefte f\"ur Mathematik in 2013
On two- and three-point functions of Landau gauge Yang-Mills theory
Creators: name: Huber, Markus Q.
name: von Smekal, Lorenz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Lattice (hep-lat)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present results for the gluon and ghost propagators and the ghost-gluon vertex obtained from Dyson-Schwinger equations. In the zero temperature case we elaborate on the role of the three-gluon vertex and discuss a model that can capture its qualitative features like its anomalous dimensions and a zero crossing of the dressing function. Our results compare well with lattice data. At non-zero temperature we calculated the ghost propagator which agrees rather well with lattice results already within our simple truncation. These results are used to obtain the temperature dependence of the ghost-gluon vertex. We also explain why the ghost propagator does not react to the phase transition despite its direct coupling to the chromoelectric gluon.
description: 7 pages, presented at the 31st International Symposium on Lattice Field Theory (Lattice 2013), 29 July - 3 August 2013, Mainz, Germany
The Grotesque Delights of Donald Trump
Creators: name: DeGraff, Joshua
Publisher: name: University of Chicago
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Trump
subject: Charisma
subject: Rabelais
subject: carnival
subject: the grotesque body
subject: divinization
subject: enjoyment

description: Donald Trump’s continual popularity since 2016 in the face of scandal after scandal has left social scientists to seek explanations for his political appeal. This paper extends one such explanation for his enduring support: that Trump has a charismatic appeal akin to a liturgical authority for his followers. Because much of Trump’s behavior appears repulsive, obscene, and socially unacceptable, theories of Trumpian charisma need to reconcile this apparently uncharismatic behavior with the enjoyability he creates. Trump’s charismatic appeal may appear to be something pre-ideological, some visceral enjoyment that goes beyond good and evil, but the construction of this affect needs more investigation. Drawing on the work of literary theorist Mikhail Bakhtin, this paper proposes Trump’s transgressive behavior becomes enjoyable through the aesthetic of grotesque. Like a medieval carnival, Trump’s supporters are enlisted into celebrations of disgust, ridicule, and mock divinization to challenge existing orthodoxies. These performances of obscenity and fantasy collectively mediate Trump as an intensely enjoyable and outrageous experience that his supporters can participate in.
Approximating pathwidth for graphs of small treewidth
Creators: name: Groenland, Carla
name: Joret, Gwenaël
name: Nadara, Wojciech
name: Walczak, Bartosz
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Data Structures and Algorithms (cs.DS)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We describe a polynomial-time algorithm which, given a graph $G$ with treewidth $t$, approximates the pathwidth of $G$ to within a ratio of $O(t\sqrt{\log t})$. This is the first algorithm to achieve an $f(t)$-approximation for some function $f$. Our approach builds on the following key insight: every graph with large pathwidth has large treewidth or contains a subdivision of a large complete binary tree. Specifically, we show that every graph with pathwidth at least $th+2$ has treewidth at least $t$ or contains a subdivision of a complete binary tree of height $h+1$. The bound $th+2$ is best possible up to a multiplicative constant. This result was motivated by, and implies (with $c=2$), the following conjecture of Kawarabayashi and Rossman (SODA'18): there exists a universal constant $c$ such that every graph with pathwidth $Ω(k^c)$ has treewidth at least $k$ or contains a subdivision of a complete binary tree of height $k$. Our main technical algorithm takes a graph $G$ and some (not necessarily optimal) tree decomposition of $G$ of width $t'$ in the input, and it computes in polynomial time an integer $h$, a certificate that $G$ has pathwidth at least $h$, and a path decomposition of $G$ of width at most $(t'+1)h+1$. The certificate is closely related to (and implies) the existence of a subdivision of a complete binary tree of height $h$. The approximation algorithm for pathwidth is then obtained by combining this algorithm with the approximation algorithm of Feige, Hajiaghayi, and Lee (STOC'05) for treewidth.
description: v4: small changes following further comments from a referee. v3: revised following referees' comments, corrects a serious error in the previous version
The dynamics of amplified spontaneous emission in CdSe/ZnSe quantum dots
Creators: name: Kundys, D. O.
name: Murzyn, P.
name: Wells, J. P. R.
name: Tartakovskii, A. I.
name: Skolnick, M. S.
name: Dang, Le Si
name: Lutsenko, E. V.
name: Tarasuk, N. P.
name: Lyublinskaya, O. G.
name: Toropov, A. A.
name: Ivanov, S. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have used the variable stripe technique and pump-probe spectroscopy to investigate both gain and the dynamics of amplified spontaneous emission from CdSe quantum dot structures. We have found modal gain coefficients of 75 and 32 1/cm for asymmetric and symmetric waveguide structures, respectively. Amplified spontaneous emission decay times of 150 and 300 ps and carrier capture times of 15 and 40 ps were measured for the structures with high and low material gains respectively. The difference in the capture times are related to the fact that for the symmetric waveguide, carriers diffuse into the active region from the uppermost ZnMgSSe cladding layer, yielding a longer rise time for the pump-probe signals for this sample.
Does Code Review Speed Matter for Practitioners?
Creators: name: Kudrjavets, Gunnar
name: Rastogi, Ayushi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Software Engineering (cs.SE)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Increasing code velocity is a common goal for a variety of software projects. The efficiency of the code review process significantly impacts how fast the code gets merged into the final product and reaches the customers. We conducted a survey to study the code velocity-related beliefs and practices in place. We analyzed 75 completed surveys from 39 participants from the industry and 36 from the open-source community. Our critical findings are (a) the industry and open-source community hold a similar set of beliefs, (b) quick reaction time is of utmost importance and applies to the tooling infrastructure and the behavior of other engineers, (c) time-to-merge is the essential code review metric to improve, (d) engineers have differing opinions about the benefits of increased code velocity for their career growth, and (e) the controlled application of the commit-then-review model can increase code velocity. Our study supports the continued need to invest in and improve code velocity regardless of the underlying organizational ecosystem.
description: 29 pages, 7 figures. To be published in Empirical Software Engineering An International Journal
Impact of Vernonia Amygdalina and Gongronema Latifolium Extracts on Insulin and Reproductive Hormones in Diabetic Models
Creators: name: Adaobi, Nneoma Okeke
name: Toluwa, Faith Adeyemi
Publisher: name: AYDEN JOURNAL
Year: 2024
Subjects: Vernonnia amygadlina, Gongronema latifolia, Diabetes mellitus, Insulin, male reproductive hormones

description: The study evaluated the effects of combined extracts of Vernonia amygdalina (VA) and Gongronema latifolium (GL) on the pancreas of streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic Wistar rats and on serum concentrations of insulin and reproductive hormonal levels. Thirty-six (36) albino rats were divided equally into 6 groups. Groups A and B which served as normal (NC) and diabetic (DC) controls respectively were only administered placebo. The diabetic test groups C, D, E and F were respectively treated with metformin (5mg/kg b. w.), combined extracts of VA and GL (400mg/kg b. w.), VA (200mg/kg b. w.) and GL (200mg/kg b. w.), for 28 days. Thereafter, the animals were sacrificed; blood and pancreas were collected for serum hormonal assays and histological evaluation, respectively. Changes in animal weights and blood glucose concentrations were also measured within the experimental period. From the results it was observed that the body weight of the animals in both the VA and metformin treatment groups was significantly increased (p<0.05) from -10.5% reduction in the DC, to 10.7% and 23.3% respectively. In the same order, serum glucose levels significantly decreased (p<0.05) by 52.71% and 48.93% in the metformin and combined extract groups respectively. The decrease in other groups was not as remarkable as that of combined extracts group compared to DC which further increased by 64.57%. The extent of reversal of hyperglycemia in the extract treated animals compared well with the metformin treated group. The biochemical results corroborated with results of histological evaluations: The pancreatic β-cells of DC animals which were distorted and degenerated with shrunken cell mass as against prominent islet cells with normal exocrine pancreas of NC animals became rapidly proliferated upon intervention with the combined extracts, suggesting a possible regeneration of the islet cells hence enhanced insulin release which is positively correlated to the observed hypoglycemia and body weight increments . The serum concentration of reproductive hormones of group B animals which was also significantly reduced (p<0.05) compared to group A was markedly improved in all the treatment groups. On the other hand, intervention with metformin did not produce observable differences in the cyto-architecture of the pancreatic islets compared to the diabetic control. For the Feulgen’s reaction, most of the cells in the groups that received the plant extracts were strongly positive suggesting a reversal of DNA damage in these groups.
Check Your Privilege: The Digital Privilege Game
Creators: name: Bordalejo, Barbara
name: O'Donnell, Daniel Paul
name: Dalen-Oskam, Karina Van
name: Karsdorp, Folgert
name: Basten Stokhuyzen
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Diversity
Privilege
Intersectionality
Feminism
Digital Humanities

description: This paper describes the Digital Privilege Game, an adaptable diversity training tool used to highlight various oppressive systems and individual privilege.
Unified Supervised-Unsupervised (SUPER) Learning for X-ray CT Image Reconstruction
Creators: name: Ye, Siqi
name: Li, Zhipeng
name: McCann, Michael T.
name: Long, Yong
name: Ravishankar, Saiprasad
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Traditional model-based image reconstruction (MBIR) methods combine forward and noise models with simple object priors. Recent machine learning methods for image reconstruction typically involve supervised learning or unsupervised learning, both of which have their advantages and disadvantages. In this work, we propose a unified supervised-unsupervised (SUPER) learning framework for X-ray computed tomography (CT) image reconstruction. The proposed learning formulation combines both unsupervised learning-based priors (or even simple analytical priors) together with (supervised) deep network-based priors in a unified MBIR framework based on a fixed point iteration analysis. The proposed training algorithm is also an approximate scheme for a bilevel supervised training optimization problem, wherein the network-based regularizer in the lower-level MBIR problem is optimized using an upper-level reconstruction loss. The training problem is optimized by alternating between updating the network weights and iteratively updating the reconstructions based on those weights. We demonstrate the learned SUPER models' efficacy for low-dose CT image reconstruction, for which we use the NIH AAPM Mayo Clinic Low Dose CT Grand Challenge dataset for training and testing. In our experiments, we studied different combinations of supervised deep network priors and unsupervised learning-based or analytical priors. Both numerical and visual results show the superiority of the proposed unified SUPER methods over standalone supervised learning-based methods, iterative MBIR methods, and variations of SUPER obtained via ablation studies. We also show that the proposed algorithm converges rapidly in practice.
description: 18 pages, 21 figures, submitted journal paper
A scientometric-inspired framework to analyze EurekAlert! press releases
Creators: name: Orduna-Malea, Enrique
name: Costas, Rodrigo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Digital Libraries (cs.DL)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Press releases about scholarly news are brief statements provided in advance to the press, including a description of the most relevant findings of one or more accepted scientific publications, usually under the condition that journalists will adhere to an embargo until the publication date. The existence of centralized platforms such as EurekAlert! allows press releases to be disseminated online as independent news articles. Press releases can include additional material (e.g., interviews, commentaries, explanatory tables, figures, media, recommended readings), which turn them into online objects with analytical value of their own. The objective of this work is to illustrate how press releases can be quantitatively analyzed applying similar tools and approaches as those applied in scientometric research (SCI). To achieve this goal, a scientometric inspired analytical framework is proposed based on the formulation of spaces of interaction of objects, actors, and impacts. As such, the framework proposed considers press releases as science communication (SCO) objects, produced by different SCO actors (e.g., journalists), and the subject of receiving impact (e.g., tweets, links). To carry out this analysis, all press releases published by EurekAlert! from 1996 until 2021 (455,703 press releases), all tweets including at least one URL referring to a EurekAlert! press release (1,364,563 tweets), and all webpages with at least one URL referring to a EurekAlert! press release (54,089,233 webpages) have been studied. We argue that the large volume of press releases published and their online dissemination make these objects relevant in the measurement of SCO-SCI interactions.
description: 27 pages, 5 tables, 6 figures
A quantitative Birman-Menasco finiteness theorem and its application to crossing number
Creators: name: Ito, Tetsuya
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Geometric Topology (math.GT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 57K10 (Primary)

description: Birman-Menasco proved that there are finitely many knots having a given genus and braid index. We give a quantitative version of Birman-Menasco finiteness theorem, an estimate of the crossing number of knots in terms of genus and braid index. This has various applications of crossing numbers, such as, the crossing number of connected sum or satellites.
description: 11 pages, 5 figures; v3. error in Proposition 2 is corrected. Main applications (Corollary 1-- 6) are not changed. v2. Corollary 6, an estimate for the crossing number of satellite knot, is added
MAAIP: Multi-Agent Adversarial Interaction Priors for imitation from fighting demonstrations for physics-based characters
Creators: name: Younes, Mohamed
name: Kijak, Ewa
name: Kulpa, Richard
name: Malinowski, Simon
name: Multon, Franck
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Artificial Intelligence (cs.AI)
subject: Graphics (cs.GR)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Robotics (cs.RO)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: I.3.8; I.3.m
subject: 68U99

description: Simulating realistic interaction and motions for physics-based characters is of great interest for interactive applications, and automatic secondary character animation in the movie and video game industries. Recent works in reinforcement learning have proposed impressive results for single character simulation, especially the ones that use imitation learning based techniques. However, imitating multiple characters interactions and motions requires to also model their interactions. In this paper, we propose a novel Multi-Agent Generative Adversarial Imitation Learning based approach that generalizes the idea of motion imitation for one character to deal with both the interaction and the motions of the multiple physics-based characters. Two unstructured datasets are given as inputs: 1) a single-actor dataset containing motions of a single actor performing a set of motions linked to a specific application, and 2) an interaction dataset containing a few examples of interactions between multiple actors. Based on these datasets, our system trains control policies allowing each character to imitate the interactive skills associated with each actor, while preserving the intrinsic style. This approach has been tested on two different fighting styles, boxing and full-body martial art, to demonstrate the ability of the method to imitate different styles.
description: SCA'23, Supplementary video: https://youtu.be/wQfIiw_rQ3w
ADSORPTION OF HEAVY METAL FROM CONSTITUENT WASTE WATER BY TEA WASTE ADSORBENT
Creators: name: Lalise Oljira
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2016

description: Most industries such as electroplating, textile, fertilizer, batteries, leather, and others in less developed countries discharge huge volumes of untreated wastewater into water bodies. The industrial wastewater may contain toxic chemicals in excess of the threshold level when released into the environment, particularly to the aqueous environment and soil; significantly degrade the quality of the water thereby affecting river health substantially and subsequently human health. There are several techniques for removing toxic chemicals such as ion exchange, membrane filtration, adsorption, irradiation and chemical and biological treatments. However, the adsorption method is believed to be the better option because it is cost-effective, efficient, simple and easy to operate, and environmentally friendly according to many studies. Accordingly, this method can be a preferable option for developing countries like Ethiopia, where advanced treatment technologies for high volumes of toxic industrial waste water are unaffordable. The aim of this work was to determine the potential of tea waste (TW) as a useful adsorbent for the removal of copper and zinc ions from aqueous systems.
Quasi-specular reflection from particulate media
Creators: name: Penttilä, Antti
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: Earth and Planetary Astrophysics (astro-ph.EP)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Specular reflection is known to play an important role in many fields of scattering applications, e.g., in remote sensing, computer graphics, optimization of visual appearance of industrial products. Usually it can be assumed that the object has a solid surface and that the properties of the surface will dictate the behavior of the specular component. In this study I will show that media consisting of wavelength-sized particles can also have a quasi-specular reflection in cases where there is ordered structure in the media. I will also show that the quasi-specular reflection in particulate media is more than just a surface effect, and planar particle arrangement below the very surface can give arise to quasi-specular reflection. This study shows that the quasi-specular reflection may contribute in some cases in the backscattering direction, together with coherent backscattering and shadow-hiding effects.
Multivariate hierarchical analysis of car crashes data considering a spatial network lattice
Creators: name: Gilardi, Andrea
name: Mateu, Jorge
name: Borgoni, Riccardo
name: Lovelace, Robin
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applications (stat.AP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Road traffic casualties represent a hidden global epidemic, demanding evidence-based interventions. This paper demonstrates a network lattice approach for identifying road segments of particular concern, based on a case study of a major city (Leeds, UK), in which 5,862 crashes of different severities were recorded over an eight-year period (2011-2018). We consider a family of Bayesian hierarchical models that include spatially structured and unstructured random effects, to capture the dependencies between the severity levels. Results highlight roads that are more prone to collisions, relative to estimated traffic volumes, in the northwest and south of city-centre. We analyse the Modifiable Areal Unit Problem (MAUP), proposing a novel procedure to investigate the presence of MAUP on a network lattice. We conclude that our methods enable a reliable estimation of road safety levels to help identify "hotspots" on the road network and to inform effective local interventions.
description: 23 pages, 5 tables, 8 figures
Individual project on theme "Bifidobacterium" (MOOC: CompTech in biology)
Creators: name: Kuznetsova Tatyana
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020

description: Данный кейс является результатом реализации индивидуального проекта Кузнецовой Татьяны  по теме "Bifidobacterium" в рамках онлайн курса "Компьютерные технологии в биологии" (автор – А.В. Ваганов) (https://stepik.org/course/60859/promo)
Nuclear star formation activity and black hole accretion in nearby Seyfert galaxies
Creators: name: Esquej, P.
name: Alonso-Herrero, A.
name: González-Martín, O.
name: Hönig, S. F.
name: Caballero, A. Hernán
name: Roche, P. F.
name: Almeida, C. Ramos
name: Mason, R. E.
name: Díaz-Santos, T.
name: Levenson, N. A.
name: Aretxaga, I.
name: Espinosa, J. M. Rodríguez
name: Packham, C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Recent theoretical and observational works indicate the presence of a correlation between the star formation rate (SFR) and the active galactic nuclei (AGN) luminosity (and, therefore, the black hole accretion rate) of Seyfert galaxies. This suggests a physical connection between the gas forming stars on kpc scales and the gas on sub-pc scales that is feeding the black hole. We compiled the largest sample of Seyfert galaxies to date with high angular resolution (0.4-0.8 arcsec) mid-infrared (8-13 micron) spectroscopy. The sample includes 29 Seyfert galaxies drawn from the AGN Revised Shapley-Ames catalogue. At a median distance of 33 Mpc, our data allow us to probe nuclear regions on scales of 65 pc (median value). We found no general evidence of suppression of the 11.3 micron polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) emission in the vicinity of these AGN, and used this feature as a proxy for the SFR. We detected the 11.3 micron PAH feature in the nuclear spectra of 45% of our sample. The derived nuclear SFRs are, on average, five times lower than those measured in circumnuclear regions of 600 pc in size (median value). However, the projected nuclear SFR densities are a factor of 20 higher than those measured on circumnuclear scales. This indicates that the SF activity per unit area in the central 65 pc of Seyfert galaxies is much higher than at larger distances from their nuclei. We studied the connection between the nuclear SFR and the black hole accretion rate and showed that numerical simulations reproduce fairly well our observed relation.
description: 16 pages, 8 figures. Accepted for publication in ApJ
Convergence of Rain Process Models to Point Processes
Creators: name: Hottovy, Scott
name: Stechmann, Samuel N.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Probability (math.PR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: A moisture process with dynamics that switch after hitting a threshold gives rise to a rainfall process. This rainfall process is characterized by its random holding times for dry and wet periods. On average, the holding times for the wet periods are much shorter than the dry. Here convergence is shown for the rain fall process to a point process that is a spike train. The underlying moisture process for the point process is a threshold model with a teleporting boundary condition. This approximation allows simplification of the model with many exact formulas for statistics. The convergence is shown by a Fokker-Planck derivation, convergence in mean-square with respect to continuous functions, of the moisture process, and convergence in mean-square with respect to generalized functions, of the rain process.
description: 11 pages, 2 figures
Dark matter as a gravitational effect in the embedding theory approach
Creators: name: Paston, S. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We discuss the possibility of explaining observations usually related to the existence of dark matter by passing from the general relativity (GR) theory to a modified theory of gravity, the embedding theory proposed by Regge and Teitelboim. In this approach, it is assumed that our space-time is a four-dimensional surface in a ten-dimensional flat ambient space. This clear geometric interpretation of a change of a variable in the GR action leading to a new theory distinguishes this approach from the known alternatives: mimetic gravity and other variants. After the passage to the modified theory of gravity, additional solutions that can be interpreted as GR solutions with additional fictitious matter appear besides the solutions corresponding to GR. Just in that fictitious matter, one can try to see dark matter, with no need to assume the existence of dark matter as a fundamental object; its role is played by the degrees of freedom of modified gravity. In the embedding theory, the number of degrees of freedom of fictitious matter is sufficiently large, and hence an explanation of all observations without complicating the theory any further can be attempted.
description: LaTeX, 16 pages, based on a talk given at the VII International Conference "Models of quantum field theory" (MQFT-2022) dedicated to the 82th anniversary of Professor Alexandr Nikolaevich Vasiliev and to the 80th anniversary of Professor Vladimir Dmitrievich Lyakhovski, Saint Petersburg, Russia, 10-14 October 2022
Spin state of Co$^{3+}$ in LaCo$_{1-x}$Rh$_{x}$O$_{3}$ investigated by structural phenomena
Creators: name: Asai, Shinichiro
name: Okazaki, Ryuji
name: Terasaki, Ichiro
name: Yasui, Yukio
name: Kobayashi, Wataru
name: Nakao, Akiko
name: Kobayashi, Kensuke
name: Kumai, Reiji
name: Nakao, Hironori
name: Murakami, Youichi
name: Igawa, Naoki
name: Hoshikawa, Akinori
name: Ishigaki, Toru
name: Parkkima, Outi
name: Karppinen, Maarit
name: Yamauchi, Hisao
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Neutron diffraction for a polycrystalline sample of LaCo$_{0.8}$Rh$_{0.2}$O$_{3}$ and synchrotron x-ray diffraction for polycrystalline samples of LaCo$_{0.9}$Rh$_{0.1}$O$_{3}$ and LaCo$_{0.8}$Rh$_{0.2}$O$_{3}$ have been carried out in order to investigate the structural properties related with the spin state of Co$^{3+}$ ions. We have found that the values of the Co(Rh)-O bond lengths in the Co(Rh)O$_{6}$ octahedron of LaCo$_{0.8}$Rh$_{0.2}$O$_{3}$ are nearly identical at 10 K. The lattice volume for the Rh$^{3+}$ substituted samples decreases with the thermal expansion coefficient similar to that of LaCoO$_{3}$ from room temperature, and ceases to decrease around 70 K. These experimental results favor a mixed state consisting of the high-spin-state and low-spin-state Co$^{3+}$ ions, and suggest that the high-spin-state Co$^{3+}$ ions are thermally excited in addition to those pinned by the substituted Rh$^{3+}$ ions.
description: 6 pages, 5 figures
Interplay between direct and crossed Andreev reflections in hybrid nano-structures
Creators: name: Michalek, Grzegorz
name: Bulka, Bogdan R.
name: Domanski, Tadeusz
name: Wysokinski, Karol I.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2013
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The interplay between various many body effects in a quantum dot attached to two normal and one superconducting lead is considered in the limit of large superconducting gap. By the proximity effect the superconducting lead induces pairing correlations on the quantum dot. In the subgap region one observes the anomalous tunneling via direct and crossed Andreev scattering, whereas the usual single particle electronic transfer is suppressed. The interactions of electrons on the dot leading to such phenomena as the Coulomb blockade and the Kondo effect severely modify the currents flowing in the system. In particular: (i) they prevent the existence of the negative differential conductance observed for non-interacting quantum dot over the whole range of voltages, (ii) affect the distribution of the currents as function of the applied voltage and (iii) lead to the appearance of additional low bias feature due to the formation of the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance. The non-local correlations in the Coulomb blockade regime are most pronounced for the particle-hole symmetric dot and thus can be easily tuned by means of gate voltage. They are observed even in the Kondo regime and dominate the behavior close to the Abrikosov-Suhl resonance showing convincingly that Kondo correlations do not destroy subtle entanglement between electrons.
description: 14 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Phys. Rev. B