cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
The U.S.–China Trade Imbalance and the Theory of Free Trade: Debunking the Currency Manipulation Argument
Creators: name: Shaikh, Anwar
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The U.S.-China trade imbalance is commonly attributed to a Chinese policy of currency manipulation. However, empirical studies failed to reach consensus on the RMB misalignment. We argue that this is not a consequence of poor measurement but of theory. At the most abstract level the conventional principle of comparative cost advantage suggests real exchange rates will adjust so as to balance trade. Therefore, the persistence of trade imbalances tends to be interpreted as arising from currency manipulation facilitated by foreign exchange interventions. By way of contrast, the absolute cost theory explains trade imbalances as the outcome of free trade among nations that have unequal real costs. We argue that a disparity in real costs is the root cause of the U.S.-China trade imbalance.
title: ZiMBa-Zirkus Mathematik Basisstoff : Eine schülerzentrierte Rechenstandsanalyse zur Bestimmung der mathematischen Basisbereiche im Übergang von Zyklus 1 in Zyklus 2
title: ZiMBa-Zirkus Mathematik Basisstoff : Eine schülerzentrierte Rechenstandsanalyse zur Bestimmung der mathematischen Basisbereiche im Übergang von Zyklus 1 in Zyklus 2
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Imesch, Nathalie
Publisher: name: Unknown
Year: 0
Subjects: subject: mathematische Entwicklung des Kindes
subject: mathematischer Basisstoff
subject: Rechenstanddiagnostik
subject: Übertritt Zyklus 1 in Zyklus 2
subject: Mixed-Methods-Design
subject: neun mathematische Basisbereiche
subject: Rechenstandanalyse ZiMBa

description: Seit einigen Jahren ist es bekannt, dass in der Mathematik ein sogenannter „Basisstoff“ existiert. Dieser muss bis Ende 4. Primarstufe ausreichend verstanden und angeeignet sein, damit im weiteren Verlauf der Schulzeit keine Rechenschwäche entsteht. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wird ein Versuch unternommen, den mathematischen Basisstoff und seine Komponenten mit Hilfe von Experteninterviews, durchgeführten Studien, dem aktuellen Lehrplan21 und den damit in Zusammenhang stehenden Lehrmitteln übersichtlich herauszuarbeiten. Daraus resultieren die neun mathematischen Basisbereiche, die in tabellarischer Form dargeboten werden. Diese neun Bereiche bilden das Fundament für die Rechenstandanalyse ZiMBa (Zirkus Mathematik Basisstoff). ZiMBa ist eine nach dem Mixed-Methods-Ansatz entwickelte Rechenstandanalyse, die auf ökonomische Weise objektive Erkenntnisse zum mathematischen Basisstoff im Übergang vom ersten in den zweiten Zyklus aufzeigen soll. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ZiMBa im Zeitraum von Dezember 2017 bis Januar 2018 mit 16 Schülerinnen und Schülern der 5H durchgeführt und ausgewertet. Die Resultate zeigten, dass Schülerinnen und Schülern im 3. Schuljahr (5H), welche bezüglich des aktuellen Lernstoffes unterdurchschnittliche Mathematikleistungen aufweisen, auch bezüglich des mathematischen Basisstoffes des ersten Zyklus in diversen Bereichen Lücken zeigen. Die Schwierigkeiten bestehen vor allem in den Bereichen der Grundoperationen und der Grössen, sowie im Modellierungskreislauf. Keine Schwierigkeiten zeigen sich in der Orientierung im Zahlenraum, sowie der Geometrie. Die Ergebnisse der Stichprobe sind als Tendenzen zu verstehen, zeigen aber deutlich, dass das Beherrschen eines einzigen Bereiches nicht vor einer Rechenstörung schützen kann. In den meisten Fällen zeigen Kinder mit Rechenschwierigkeiten über viele Basisbereiche hinweg Unsicherheiten, die in engem Zusammenhang stehen. ZiMBa darf nicht als normiertes, standardisiertes Testverfahren eingesetzt werden, kann mit seinen Aufgaben jedoch wichtige Inputs im Bereich der Erstdiagnostik bieten.
description: Codirigé par la Haute Ecole Pédagogique du Valais
Low-Carbon Transition Risks for Finance
Creators: name: Semieniuk, Gregor
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The transition to a low-carbon economy will entail a large-scale structural change. Some industries will have to expand their relative economic weight, while other industries, especially those directly linked to fossil fuel production and consumption, will have to decline. Such a systemic shift may have major repercussions on the stability of financial systems, via abrupt asset revaluations, defaults on debt and the creation of bubbles. Studies on previous industrial transitions have shed light on the financial transition risks originating from rapidly rising ‘sunrise’ industries. In contrast, we argue here, based on a critical review of the literature, that a comprehensive theoretical framework to analyse how declining ‘sunset’ industries might affect financial stability in the current low-carbon transition, via stranded assets or otherwise, is still lacking. We contribute to filling this research gap by developing a consistent theoretical framework of the drivers, transmission channels and impacts of the phase-out of carbon- intensive industries on the financial system as well as its feedback into the rest of the economy.
AI: The future of crime prevention?
Creators: name: Hasan, MD Mahmud
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Artificial intelligence crime
subject: Crime Prevention
subject: Artificial intelligence

description: Although the notion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) was first developed in dystopian fictions, it has since become very much a reality, although not yet to an extent typically depicted in science fiction stories.
Low-Carbon Transition Risks for Finance
Creators: name: Semieniuk, Gregor
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Mitigating climate change requires information about the inequality in energy consumption. Recent contributions (Banerjee and Yakovenko, 2010; Lawrence et al., 2013; Yakovenko, 2010, 2013) have studied energy inequality through the lens of maximum entropy. They claim a weighted international distribution of total primary energy demand should approach a Boltzmann-Gibbs maximum entropy equilibrium distribution in the form of an exponential distribution, implying convergence to a Gini coefficient of 0.5 from above. The present paper challenges the validity of this claim and critically discusses the applicability of statistical equilibrium reasoning to economics from the viewpoint of social accounting. It is shown that the exponential distribution is only a robust candidate for a statistical equilibrium of energy inequality when employing one particular accounting convention for energy flows, the substitution method. But this method has become problematic with a higher renewable share in the international energy mix, and no other accounting method supports the claim of a convergence to a 0.5 Gini. We conclude that the findings based on maximum entropy reasoning are sensitive to accounting conventions and critically discuss the epistemological implications of this sensitivity for the use of maximum entropy approaches in social sciences.
Capital Flight From South Africa: A Case Study
Creators: name: Ndikumana, Léonce
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



This paper examines the mechanisms, actors, enablers, and the institutional environment that facilitate capital flight from South Africa and the resulting accumulation of private wealth in offshore financial centers. We estimate that from 1970 to 2017, South Africa lost over $300 billion through capital flight, including through overinvoicing of imports and underinvoicing of exports. Net trade misinvoicing amounted to $146 billion over the 1998-2017 period alone. Export underinvoicing appears to be especially rampant in the case of mineral resources such as gold, silver, platinum and diamonds. While capital flight is not a new phenomenon in South Africa, it has accelerated substantially over the past decades, a period marked by aggressive liberalization of the national economy and rapid integration into the global economy. Capital flight is a concern in a country such as South Africa that faces deep financing gaps, high multidimensional poverty, inequality and unemployment. An important challenge faced by South Africa in its quest to tackle capital flight and the associated problems such as tax evasion, base profit shifting, and money laundering is the threat of erosion of the public confidence in state institutions in light of the emerging phenomenon of state capture orchestrated by an intricate network of private ‘enablers’ with deep connections within the state and in the global economy. The adverse effects of capital flight on economic development, state institutions and governance call for urgent attention to prevent even more devastating consequences for the country’s political and social instability.
Political Economy of the Environment: A Look Back and Ahead
Creators: name: Boyce, James K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The political economy of the environment aims to deepen our understanding of the interplay among the economy, the environment, and human well-being. In contrast to neoclassical environmental economics, it pays attention not only to the net magnitude of costs and benefits but also to their distribution. In the realm of positive analysis – descriptions of how the world works – this means exploring the multiple ways in which the distribution of wealth and power affects environmental outcomes. In the realm of normative analysis – prescriptions for how the world should work – political economists advocate a range of criteria including not only cost effectiveness but also safety, sustainability, and environmental justice.
A Development-Based Approach to Global Climate Policy
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Spierre, Susan
name: Seager, Thomas P.
name: Selinger, Evan
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Under current technology constraints, CO2 emissions are a pre-requisite to achievement of high levels of well-being in all countries. However, past a point of diminishing returns, additional CO2 does not improve measures of educational attainment, wealth, or life expectancy. While some climate change mitigation policies advocate a permit-trading scheme that would allow wealthy countries to purchase the right to CO2 emissions from poor countries, this paper questions whether equitable human development outcomes will result.
Corporate Political Power and US Foreign Policy, 1981-2002: The Role of the Policy-Planning Network
Creators: name: Luther-Davies, Philip
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Recent empirical work has offered strong support for ‘biased pluralism’ and ‘economic elite’ accounts of political power in the United States, according a central role to interest groups as a mechanism through which corporate influence is exerted. Here, we propose an additional channel of influence for corporate interests: the ‘policy-planning network,’ consisting of corporate- dominated foundations, think tanks, and elite policy-discussion groups. To evaluate this assertion, we coded the policy preferences of one key policy-discussion group, the Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), on 295 foreign policy issues during the 1981-2002 period. In logistic regression analyses, the preferences of economic elites and the CFR were positive, statistically significant predictors of foreign policy outcomes while interest group preferences were not. These findings were further supported with a qualitative investigation of the patterns of CFR ‘successes’ and ‘failures.’ We conclude that ‘biased pluralism’ models should include corporate influence exerted through the policy-planning network.
Public Investment in Home Health Care: A Win-Win Strategy for Employment and Public Health
Creators: name: Palladino, Lenore
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: This article will estimate the impacts of major public investment in the home health care industries. Investment in the home health care workforce would have important public health benefits, as those individuals who are most vulnerable could stay out of residential care centers. The focus of this article is on the employment and income effects of public investment in home care in a time of surging unemployment. By  examining the effects of job stabilization and creation for the home health care workforce, I find that robust public investment in home health care can create millions of jobs, both directly in the home health care industry and through induced economic activity in some of the hardest-hit sectors where low-wage women workers are most concentrated: retail, health care (besides home health care), and food service. As policymakers in the United States consider major public support for a variety of industrial sectors, and the Federal Reserve considers virtually unlimited support for the economy, it is crucial to push for robust investment in home health care.
Delhi Green Deal
Creators: name: Azad, Rohit
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



In this paper, we propose a carbon tax policy for Delhi, the most polluted capital in the world, which will fundamentally change the energy mix of Delhi’s economy toward clean, green energy and will guarantee universal access to electricity, transport and food, up to a certain amount. Any carbon mitigation strategy needs to alter our dependence on fossil fuels, requiring a systemic overhaul of its energy mix. Implementing a carbon tax will mitigate emissions and mobilise revenue for our proposed re-distributive program of Right to Food, Energy and Travel (RFET). The policy is designed to prefer ‘the poor over the rich’ as a way of compensating for ‘rich hiding behind the poor’ in terms of emissions and polluting the environment. Using the input-output analysis, we estimate the class-wise distribution of carbon emissions in Delhi. We find that in order to implement this programme, the necessary estimated tax would be $112.5 per metric ton of carbon dioxide. The free entitlement of fuel and electricity per household comes out to be 2040 kWh per annum and there is an annual universal travel pass of $75 per person for use in public transport, and annual per capita availability of food of $205. The purpose of this proposed policy is two fold in the context of Delhi: bring the emissions under control and provide relief to the people who are at the receiving end of this climate crisis.
EOL Product Remanufacturing and Reuse Economics: Consumer Side and Producer Side
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Malima Isabelle Wolf
name: Gutowski, Timothy G.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Remanufacturing, the process by which used products are returned to like-new condition, was estimated as a $53 billion dollar industry in the US in the 90’s, and continues to grow. Product remanufacturing and reuse have been touted as economically and environmentally friendly, but recent studies have shown that blanket statements cannot be made about energy savings associated with refurbished products. This paper investigates the economic implications of remanufacturing and reuse. Detailed case studies of print cartridges, appliances, electric motors, and computers combine with quick sketches of other products to show that even in cases where reuse and remanufacturing do not lead to energy savings, they typically have a lifecycle cost savings for consumers. Further, larger, more expensive products provide more opportunity for consumer savings, while providing a larger per-piece profit opportunity for remanufacturers, as assessed by the used core value (UCV) of a range of products within individual remanufacturing industry sectors. The UCV of a profitably remanufactured product is roughly 50 percent of the refurbished product sale price across a wide variety of products, as assessed using previous studies, pricing data, and remanufacturer interviews.
Do Firms with Higher Energy Efficiency Have Better Access to Finance?
Creators: name: Brutscher, Philipp-Bastian
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Improving energy efficiency quickly is key to mitigating climate change and a large part of such improvements has to be implemented in firms. But since most energy efficiency improvements require upfront investments, good access to external finance is important. Theory suggests that information asymmetries may prevent lenders from including energy efficiency into their lending assessment, even though higher energy efficiency makes a firm more cost- competitive and its collateral worth more, especially if stringent climate change mitigation plans are implemented. Empirically, little is known about the impact of energy efficiency on access to external finance. Here we examine for the first time empirically the effect of a firm’s higher energy efficiency on their ability to obtain loans in European Union countries. We exploit a unique firm-level dataset that links a survey from the European Investment Bank on energy efficiency of firms’ building stock and on access to external finance with the ORBIS firm database for European firms. We find that energy efficiency has no effect on the ability of a firm to obtain external financing compared to other indicators on the financial or operational health of the firm. The results reveal an unexploited potential for energy efficiency policy to signal when firms are energy efficient.
Value Measurement Analysis of Energy Tradeoffs in South Africa
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Prado-Lopez, Valentina
name: Stewart, Theodor
name: Makowski, Marek
name: Detlof Von Winterfeldt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: South Africa (SA) is facing multiple energy challenges. Current infrastructure is aging, population is growing, industry is expanding, and the level of development is increasing. In addition, existing energy practices depend heavily on coal, are environmentally unsustainable and conflict with international climate change mitigation polices. Therefore, in the near future SA must replace, expand and transform its energy portfolio. This study considers three main thermal electric generation technologies as the most viable options of this energy transition: improved coal power plants that implement best practices, natural gas fired power plants that utilize imported gas from Botswana and Mozambique, or natural gas power plants that utilize domestic shale gas from the Karoo region. It is unlikely that eithernatural gas option will fulfill all future electricity requirements. Therefore, where possible, thisstudy seeks to evaluate the most favorable replacement of coal. Within the shale gas alternative, this study performs a comparative analysis of three water scenarios for hydraulic fracking; either water is sourced from local groundwater aquifers, from seawater about 300km from the fracking site or from coal mine waste in the Mpumalanga region, about 1000km from the fracking site.
Hypokalemic Myopathy in Cats: Diagnosis and Treatment
Creators: name: Mohamed Fasil P, Nithin B* and Ashiq Ibnumar V A
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description:  

Hypokalemic myopathy is the weakness of skeletal muscle characterized by ventroflexion of neck and lethargy. The disease is commonly reported in cats where loss of potassium can be due to numerous etiologies. Chronic kidney disease (CKD), hyperaldosteronism, hyperthyroidism, dietary potassium deficiency, fluid overload, chronic gastrointestinal signs such as vomiting/diarrhea and overuse of potassium wasting diuretics are often associated with onset of hypokalemia. Diagnosis is based on signalment, clinical examination, serum potassium levels, and resolution of clinical signs with supplementation of potassium. This paper briefly describes about hypokalemic myopathy and its management.
A General Equilibrium Analysis of the Impact of the COVID-19 Outbreak on Turkey’s Economy and a Policy Alternative to Protect Labor Incomes
Creators: name: Voyvoda, Ebru
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The COVID-19 pandemic is being experienced as a multidimensional systemic crisis based on the simultaneous manifestations of the supply, demand, and financial shocks. These effects have already been realized in the exacerbation of deep inequalities in income distribution, in functional, regional, and gender terms; in access to public services that are commercialized; and therefore, in an environment where poverty is experienced


with social exclusion due to severe inequalities of income.


The crisis has hit the Turkish economy under a conjuncture where the adverse effects of the 2018 financial turbulence have not yet been alleviated, and the macroeconomic balances have not been resolved in a sustained fashion. Turkey has displayed already high rates of unemployment (at the rate of 13.6%) and inflation (11%) by the end of 2019. Projections by the IMF also reveal that as a result of the economic measures of isolation and employment disruption, Turkey’s GDP will likely contract by 5% in 2020.


Given this background, our aim in this study is to analyze the upon-impact effects of the COVID-19 outbreak on Turkish economy and to investigate policy alternatives that can be implemented against these impacts. We utilize a macroeconomic applied general equilibrium model designed for this purpose; and examine the effects of the crisis conjuncture caused by the COVID-19 outbreak on sectoral production, employment, wages, and capital revenues, national income, and foreign trade balances. Then, we provide an analysis of defensive policies that can be developed against the crisis.
Bitter Chocolate: Wealth Extraction in Côte D'ivoire
Creators: name: Merckaert, Jean
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The cocoa sector has been at the heart of Côte d'Ivoire economy since independence. The country has become the largest producer of cocoa in the world (40%). In the two first decades of independence, impressive economic growth was fueled by cocoa exports. But the Ivorian miracle evaporated after the collapse of cocoa prices and the debt soaring. The country plunged into a serious economic crisis, followed by a political crisis that culminated in civil war in the early 2000s. The primary commodity sector in Côte d’Ivoire has been highly vulnerable to illicit financial flows. Large and persistent discrepancies between Côte d'Ivoire’s cocoa export statistics and the cocoa import statistics of major partners such as the Netherlands, Germany and France are indicative of substantial capital flight through export misinvoicing. With a focus on the four major periods in Ivorian political history, this paper analyzes the trend of illicit financial outflows in the cocoa sector, the mechanisms of resource rent capture and personal enrichment that fuel them, the key national and foreign players, and their ongoing responsibilities. Under the Houphouët-Boigny regime (1960-1993), through the management of the country’s Agricultural Product Stabilization and Support Fund, the president had full control over the cocoa sector and used it to enrich himself and his associates. He and his successor Bédié (1993-1999) colluded with exporting companies in which Ivorian political leaders were shareholders. Under Gbagbo (2000-2010), the cocoa rent was the main source of funding for the civil war. The techniques of the Forces Nouvelles in the North and government forces in the South were similar: taxing cocoa production and exports, and illegally exporting part of the output to neighboring Burkina Faso and Ghana. Under the Ouattara regime (2011-2020), despite a series of reforms aimed at good governance, the cocoa sector has remained highly concentrated in the hands of a few corporate giants and plagued with favoritism, while predation in other sectors too persisted. The persistence of capital flight suggests the political economy of cocoa remains deeply rooted in the colonial scheme. Be it state-led or market-led, dominated by foreign or domestic players, the Ivorian cocoa sector has remained the place for wealth extraction to the benefit of a handful members of the elite. Overcoming primary commodity dependence is essential for equitable development.
HSBooster.eu Training Session 9 | Standardisation in Practice: Metrology Standards
Creators: name: Mijatovic, Ivana
name: Batista, Elsa
name: Smits, Erik
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024

description: HSBooster.eu organised its 9th Training Session focussing on "Standardisation in Practice: Metrology Standards," on 31 May 2024 at 10:00-11:30 CEST.

Do you know that in the future, new drugs will not be tested on laboratory animals, but chips will be used for that? Our trainer Elsa Batista is working on that and she says: “Standards are globally accepted documents that have the purpose of harmonizing concepts and methodologies. If we can add metrological concepts in these documents it's much easier to reach manufacturers and end users, especially in the medical world.”

Metrology standards or standards for metrology play a crucial role in research across various fields. Metrology standards ensure that measurements are accurate and consistent. In research, precise measurements are essential for obtaining reliable data and drawing accurate conclusions. Without common agreements, results may vary, making it difficult to replicate experiments or compare findings across different studies. Many research projects are interdisciplinary, involving collaboration between scientists from different fields. Metrology standards provide a common language for communication and understanding across disciplines. Researchers can trust that their measurements align with established standards, facilitating collaboration and interdisciplinary research efforts. 

Metrology standards serve as a benchmark for quality assurance in research. By adhering to established standards, researchers can verify the quality of their instruments, equipment, and methodologies. This ensures that research outcomes are credible and can withstand scrutiny from peers and the scientific community. Metrology standards drive innovation and technological advancement by providing a foundation for the development of new measurement techniques, instruments, and technologies. Researchers can build upon existing standards to push the boundaries of knowledge and develop cutting-edge solutions to complex problems.

In summary, metrology standards are indispensable for researchers, providing the foundation for accurate, reliable, and reproducible scientific measurements across disciplines. By adhering to these standards, researchers can ensure the quality and integrity of their research, foster collaboration and innovation, and uphold public trust in the scientific process.

Visit the Training Academy page to watch the recording: https://www.hsbooster.eu/events/standardisation-practice-metrology-standards.
Membrane protein clustering from tension and multibody interactions
Creators: name: Fournier, Jean-Baptiste
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The point-curvature model for membrane protein inclusions is shown to capture multibody interactions very well. Using this model, we find that the interplay between membrane tension and multibody interactions results in a collective attraction of oppositely curved inclusions tending to form antiferromagnetic structures with a square lattice. This attraction can produce a phase separation between curved and non-curved proteins, resulting in the clustering of curved proteins. We also show that the many-body repulsion between identical curved proteins is enhanced by membrane tension. This can lead to the dissolution of clusters stabilized by short-range forces when the tension is increased. These new phenomena are biologically relevant and could be investigated experimentally
description: 6 pages, 7 figures
Transit-Oriented Development Deployment Strategies to Maximize Integrated Transportation and Land Use Life Cycle Greenhouse Gas Reductions
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Chester, Mikhail
name: Dwarakanath Ravikumar
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: Urban sustainability decision makers should incorporate time-based impacts of greenhouse gas emissions with life cycle assessment to improve climate change mitigation strategies. As cities develop strategies that move development closer to transit systems and encourage households to live in lower energy configurations, new methods are needed for understanding how upfront emissions of greenhouse gases produce long run radiative forcing impacts. Using an existing assessment of the development potential around Phoenix’s new light rail system, a framework is developed for deploying higher density, lower energy use, and more transit-friendly households near light rail given financing constraints. The case study compares development around transit stations in Phoenix against continued outward growth of single family homes. Using this case study, the significance of greenhouse gas (GHG) radiative forcing discounting is assessed. The radiative forcing benefits of different levels of financing aggressiveness are shown. A comparison of payback on upfront construction impacts for long run benefits is developed between the GHG accounting approach and the radiative forcing approach, the latter of which accounts for time-based GHG impacts. The results show that the radiative forcing approach puts more weight on upfront construction impacts and pushes the payback on initial investments out further than when GHG accounting is used. It is possible to reduce this payback time by providing a larger upfront financing resource. Ultimately, policy and decision makers should use radiative forcing measures over GHG measures because it will provide a measure that discounts GHG emissions at different times to a normalized unit.
Elizabeth Danze Habitat studio
Creators: name: Danze, Elizabeth
Publisher: name: The University of Texas at Austin
Year: 1994
Subjects: Austin (Tex.)
Architecture, Domestic
Architecture, Domestic--Designs and plans
Room layout (Dwellings)
Ventilation
Air conditioning
Home economics--Accounting
Sustainable architecture
Austin Energy Green Building
Housing--Finance
Roofs--Design and construction
Siding (Building materials)
Resilient flooring
Polyvinyl chloride
Cabinetwork
Kitchen appliances
Storage in the home
Habitat for Humanity, inc.
Light in architecture
Wooden-frame houses
Gables
trusses (structural elements)
Prefabricated houses
Aluminum windows
Solar energy--Passive systems
Masonry
Drywall
Fisk, Pliny, III
Garrison, Michael
Formica Corporation
Wire fencing
Skylights
Concrete
Mortgage loans
Fuller, Millard, 1935-2009
Carter, Jimmy, 1924-
Wallboard
Plumbing
Painting
Floor plans

description: Architectural projects and/or sites mentioned: ReStore - Austin Habitat for Humanity (Austin, Texas)
description: Audio files are EID restricted. Individuals without an EID should send an email request to apl-aaa@lib.utexas.edu.
Beyond the Coronavirus: Understanding Crises of Social Reproduction
Creators: name: Rao, Smriti
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



From a feminist political economy perspective, the unfolding of the coronavirus is a further reminder of the fundamental contradiction between a capitalist system that prioritizes profits, and a feminist ethic that prioritizes life-making or social reproduction. This paper argues for a more systematic understanding of crises of social reproduction under capitalism, stressing the difference between such crises for labour, and those for capital. The coronavirus crisis represents an extraordinary example of a crisis of social reproduction for capital, but this paper examines crises of social reproduction for capital and labour that arise from the more ordinary workings of capitalism. The paper focusses on the unfolding of such crises in the global South, using the case of India to illustrate the usefulness of such an analysis.
The State's Response to the Crisis of Neoliberalism: A Comparison of the Net Social Wage in China and the United States, 1992-2017
Creators: name: Moos, Katherine A.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



We compare the welfare states and taxation regimes of the two largest economies in the world, China and the United States, from 1992 to 2017. We begin with a comparison of each country’s net social wage—that is, the difference between total benefits received by and taxes paid by labor—using two established methods. While the net social wage in the two countries exhibited similar trends, the increasing net social wage has distinctly different implications in the two countries due to their specific historical trajectories in the neoliberal era. In the US, the increasing net social wage reflects an ambivalent and reluctant response to workers’ social reproduction. In China, it reflects institutional changes in the welfare state, which we interpret as the Chinese state’s attempt to resolve the social-reproduction crisis caused by neoliberal reforms of the 1990s.
How Race and Gender Shape COVID-19 Unemployment Probability
Creators: name: Gezici, Armagan
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Using the April 2020 Current Population Survey (CPS) micro dataset, we explore the racialized and gendered effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the probability of being unemployed. The distribution of job losses from COVID-19 for women and men or for different racial/ethnic categories has been studied in the recent literature. We contribute to this literature by providing the first intersectional analysis of unemployment under COVID-19, where we examine the differences in the likelihood of unemployment across groups of White men, White women, Black men, Black women, Hispanic men and Hispanic women. Controlling for individual characteristics such as education and age, as well as industry and occupation effects, we show that women of all three racial/ethnic categories are more likely to be unemployed compared to men, yet there are substantial differences across these groups based on different unemployment measures. Hispanic women have the highest likelihood of being unemployed, followed by Black women, who are still more likely to be unemployed than White women. We also examine if ability to work from home has benefited any particular group in terms of lowering their likelihood of unemployment during the pandemic. We find that in industries with a high degree of teleworkable jobs, White women, Black men and Hispanic men are no longer more likely to be unemployed relative to White men. However, Black women and Hispanic Women still experience a significantly higher probability of losing their jobs compared to White men even if they are employed in industries with highly teleworkable jobs. As we control for both individual and aggregate factors, our results suggest that these differences are not simply the result of overrepresentation of women of color in certain industries and occupations; rather, unobservable factors such as discrimination could be at work.
An Umbrella Review Protocol on Co-Design Practices in Youth-Centric Health and Social Research
Creators: name: Fazeli, Sahar
name: Kaur, Navdeep
name: Taiwo Omoniyi
name: Aarati Taksal
name: Srividya Narayan
name: Olayinka Omigbodun
name: Hanadel, Alex
name: Iyeyinka Kusi-Mensah
name: Zirui Li
name: Vandycke, Delphine
name: Ballantyne, Clifford
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Medicine and Health Sciences
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences

description: Umbrella review protocol
Speech dereverberation constrained on room impulse response characteristics
Creators: name: Bahrman, Louis
name: Fontaine, Mathieu
name: Roux, Jonathan Le
name: Richard, Gaël
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Sound (cs.SD)
subject: Audio and Speech Processing (eess.AS)
subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: Single-channel speech dereverberation aims at extracting a dry speech signal from a recording affected by the acoustic reflections in a room. However, most current deep learning-based approaches for speech dereverberation are not interpretable for room acoustics, and can be considered as black-box systems in that regard. In this work, we address this problem by regularizing the training loss using a novel physical coherence loss which encourages the room impulse response (RIR) induced by the dereverberated output of the model to match the acoustic properties of the room in which the signal was recorded. Our investigation demonstrates the preservation of the original dereverberated signal alongside the provision of a more physically coherent RIR.
Climate Change, Global Warming and Livestock Production
Creators: name: Dr. Prajna Mohapatra
Publisher: name: The Science world a Monthly e magazine
Year: 2024

description: Introduction

       From the time immortal, climate is in a state of continuous change. But during the past century, some natural causes like volcanic eruptions, solar variations, and fluctuation in orbital sequences of the earth and manmade causes like air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions have been the major contributors to climate change and increasing global temperature. According to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2013), a body of the United Nations, global climate change is primarily caused by greenhouse gas emissions that result in the warming of the atmosphere. The greenhouse gases capture the infrared rays reradiated from the surface of the earth, causing an increase in the temperature of the troposphere layer of the atmosphere and subsequently, Global Warming.
Potential Reserve Army and Diverging Paths of Transition in Former State Socialist Economies
Creators: name: Xu, Zhun
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Since the rise of neoliberalism in the world in the last quarter of the 20th century, many former state socialist economies also started their transition into different kinds of market economic models. Over the course of the last three decades or so, there emerged distinct paths of transition among these economies. This paper proposes a Marxian framework to help understand the three major models of transitions among former socialist economies: the Russian path, the Chinese path, and the Cuban/North Korean path. The framework focuses on the differences in working-class composition and in particular the size of the potential reserve army in these socialist economies. An examination of the historical process of market reforms in former state socialist economies suggests that a sizable potential reserve army could give rise to a gradual approach to neoliberal transition while a negligible potential reserve army could lead to either a shock therapy or a long impasse.
Gender and Work Patterns in Indian Cities: A Socio-Spatial Analysis
Creators: name: Vakulabharanam, Vamsi
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



Using an original household survey conducted in Hyderabad and Mumbai that identifies intra-city spatial coordinates of residents, we present a socio-spatial analysis of gender and paid work. We show that the ease of movement through the city, allocation of care work related considerations and educational attainment are all crucial to understanding the labor force participation patterns of urban women. A gender lens identifies key facets of access and mobility characterizing urbanization in developing countries. Spatial heterogeneity of residence has very different outcomes for the labor force participation of women and men.
The Janus Faces of Money, Property, and Governance: Fiscal Finance, Empire, and Race
Creators: name: Moudud, Jamee K.
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



This paper contributes to the literature on racial capitalism by deploying a key insight of the Law and Political Economy tradition which is that politics acting through the law plays a constitutive role in the monetary hardwiring of economies and their property rights. By focusing on two key elements of fiscal finance, central banking and taxation, the paper shows that while the pressures of democratic self-governance created one type of hardwiring in Britain and its white dominions racialized politics created a different type in the colonies of color. In short, the particular monetary hardwiring of the colonies of color effectively “kicked away the ladder” needed for their successful socio-economic development, occluding the very different policies pursued in Britain and the dominions. This left the colonies of color in a vulnerable state at independence, providing much weaker foundations for their subsequent economic development. Given the key role played by gold in the anchoring of banknote emissions by the Bank of England (BoE) Britain’s global politics of gold and silver was central to its domestic economic development. And the BoE, a private joint-stock corporation, was deeply enmeshed in the government’s domestic and colonial governance policies. As with the BoE taxation systems domestically and internationally exemplified the same principle: private property was always embedded in the public sphere following different modes of governance in different historic and geographic contexts. Simply put, politics acting through the law was actively creating markets in different ways rather than protecting pre-existing and privately-created ones.
Pâturage ovin en vergers : Abroutissement des arbres fruitiers. Fiche Technique ECORCE n° 3
Creators: name: Guittonneau, Marie
name: Marie, Lucie
name: Rivoire, Clémence
name: Trouillard, Martin
Publisher: name: FiBL France
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Agriculture
subject: Sustainable agriculture
subject: Fruit growing
subject: Animal husbandry
subject: Animal and dairy science
subject: FOS: Animal and dairy science

description: L'abroutissement est la consommation des rameaux et des feuilles d'arbre par les brebis. Les arboriculteur.rices craignent que ce phénomène ait des effets négatifs sur la santé et la productivité de leurs fruitiers, ce qui peut être un frein majeur à leur souhait d'introduire des ovins dans les vergers, particulièrement au printemps et en été. Cette fiche présente les résultats d'expérimentations et d'enquêtes auprès de producteur.rices menées dans le cadre du projet ECORCE dans le but de mieux comprendre ce comportement, et  d'identifier et tester des méthodes de protection des arbres fruitiers.
Value Measurement Analysis of Energy Tradeoffs in South Africa
Creators: name: Proc. ISSST
name: Prado-Lopez, Valentina
name: Stewart, Theodor
name: Makowski, Marek
name: Detlof Von Winterfeldt
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2013
Subjects: Environmental Science

description: South Africa (SA) is facing multiple energy challenges. Current infrastructure is aging, population is growing, industry is expanding, and the level of development is increasing. In addition, existing energy practices depend heavily on coal, are environmentally unsustainable and conflict with international climate change mitigation polices. Therefore, in the near future SA must replace, expand and transform its energy portfolio. This study considers three main thermal electric generation technologies as the most viable options of this energy transition
What’s Wrong with Modern Money Theory: Macro and Political Economic Restraints on Deficit-Financed Fiscal Policy
Creators: name: Palley, Thomas
Publisher: name: University of Massachusetts Amherst
Year: 2020

description: 



The essential claim of MMT is sovereign currency issuing governments, with flexible exchange rates and without foreign currency debt, are financially unconstrained. This paper analyzes the macroeconomic arguments behind that claim and shows they are suspect. MMT underestimates the economic costs and exaggerate the capabilities of deficit financed fiscal policy. Those analytic shortcomings render it poor economics. However, MMT’s claim that sovereign governments are financially unconstrained is proving a popular political polemic. That is because current distressed economic conditions have generated political resistance to fiscal austerity, and MMT fits the moment by countering the neoliberal polemic that government lacks fiscal space because it is akin to a household.
Associations between personal trainer's body-related attitudes and their communication practices with clients
Creators: name: Hurst, Megan
name: Gray, Phoebe
name: Ormerod, Thomas C.
Publisher: name: OSF Registries
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Social Psychology
subject: Social and Behavioral Sciences
subject: Psychology
subject: FOS: Psychology

description: The present study will use a series of multiple regression analyses to examine whether personal trainer (PT) body image and related variables are linked to the exercise and nutrition-related communication they have with their clients. We will test whether PTs’ own intuitive eating attitudes, internal body orientation and body appreciation are linked to the level of intuitive and restrictive eating advice they give to their clients. We will also test whether PTs’ own goal-content for exercise, internal body orientation and body appreciation are linked to their relative emphasis on bodily appearance, both for client goal setting and in-session communication. All analyses will include PT gender identity, age, and body mass index (BMI) as demographic covariate variables.