cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
title: The protection of privacy and private information in the digital age: a comparative study of English and Thai law applying to individual media users
Creators: name: Suwannakit, Methinee
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: In the digital age, the media paradigm is changing. New technology and social media have become essential tools for individual media users to gather and disseminate information. Users’ content without the filter of traditional media outlets and editing processes may cause more harm to another’s privacy than traditional media. Despite the vast research on privacy invasions in the traditional media context, there is little analysis of whether privacy torts can offer an appropriate response to privacy concerns in light of the individual media users. This thesis therefore employs comparative law and doctrinal analysis to explore the suitability and sufficiency of English and Thai torts in protecting privacy and private information in this case. The multiple case study is constructed and categorised by a typology approach. Six categories of cases are subsequently established; privacy in a public place, the protection of private information and the nature of information, privacy and a public figure, social media as a medium of dissemination, privacy on social media and modern newsgathering and intrusions. By using this mixed approach, the strengths and weaknesses of English and Thai law are identified. The key findings suggest that the English tort of misuse of private information (MOPI) has advantages for safeguarding privacy and private information over the Thai tort. Furthermore, it is feasible to solve repetitive problems of the Thai tort in privacy cases, such as the unclear scope of privacy rights and difficulties of the actual damage. Consequently, the tort of MOPI is proposed as a possible new legal model for Thailand. Recommendations for implementation by legislators are given. In this regard, some drawbacks of the English tort are also addressed. This new legal model could possibly enhance privacy protection while maintaining a proportionate balance with freedom of expression. Underlining the differences between freedom of expression and media freedom, the balance between an individual’s privacy and freedom of expression across new media is illustrated. The thesis provides an original comparative analysis of the English and Thai torts, contributing to law reform for Thailand. Moreover, it bridges privacy perceptions from the English and Thai jurisdictions, increasing the theoretical understanding of privacy.
Revisiting the bound on axion-photon coupling from Globular Clusters
Creators: name: Ayala, Adrian
name: Dominguez, Inma
name: Giannotti, Maurizio
name: Mirizzi, Alessandro
name: Straniero, Oscar
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Solar and Stellar Astrophysics (astro-ph.SR)
subject: High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We derive a strong bound on the axion-photon coupling $g_{aγ}$ from the analysis of a sample of 39 Galactic Globular Clusters. As recognized long ago, the R parameter, i.e. the number ratio of stars in horizontal over red giant branch of old stellar clusters, would be reduced by the axion production from photon conversions occurring in stellar cores. In this regard we have compared the measured R with state-of-the-art stellar models obtained under different assumptions for $g_{aγ}$. We show that the estimated value of $g_{aγ}$ substantially depends on the adopted He mass fraction Y, an effect often neglected in previous investigations. Taking as benchmark for our study the most recent determinations of the He abundance in H II regions with O/H in the same range of the Galactic Globular Clusters, we obtain an upper bound $g_{aγ}<0.66\times 10^{-10}$ GeV$^{-1}$ at 95$\%$ confidence level. This result significantly improves the constraints from previous analyses and is currently the strongest limit on the axion-photon coupling in a wide mass range.
description: (v2: 6 pages, 1 eps figure. Revised version. Discussion enlarged and references added. To appear on Physical Review Letters.)
title: The association of formal and informal institutions with total entrepreneurial activity: a neo-institutional theory approach
Creators: name: Mirza, Ahmed
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: The thesis aims to identify the antecedents of total entrepreneurial activity (TEA) across OECD nations as this is key to national economic progress. Successive studies have associated TEA with informal institutions such as power distance (PD), individualism-collectivism (IND) and uncertainty avoidance (UA) but policymakers can do nothing about these in the short term. Two contributions are claimed. First, the thesis considers relatively new informal institutional dimensions (long-term orientation (LTO) and indulgence versus restraint (IVR)). However, these informal institutions (dimensions of national culture) cannot be modified by governments within a country but may influence the design of formal institutions (FIs). Thus, the second contribution arises from a consideration of two FIs (property rights (PRs) and access to finance (ATF)) as moderators of the main associations between informal institutions and TEA. These institutions may be modified by governments, so it is important to understand them, theoretically and empirically. PRs are analysed as they allow an organised market system to function, providing certainty for entrepreneurs engaging in TEA. Similarly, ATF may be needed for entrepreneurs to sustain or grow their ventures. A lack of ATF encountered by entrepreneurs is commonly viewed as the largest constraint to the creation and development of ventures. The results for this thesis are mixed, Model 1 looks at direct associations between national culture and TEA, and half of the hypotheses are supported. Model 2 (which studies the moderation by PRs and ATF of the relationships between informal institutions and TEA) has five out of the six hypotheses accepted for the PR-moderated hypotheses. This demonstrates that PRs have generally been found to have a positive moderating association with TEA, but ATF surprisingly generates an overall negative moderating association on informal institutions’ associations with TEA. OECD nations may therefore wish to encourage more effective PRs to further exploit the potential of TEA. In relation to ATF, FIs may need to tailor specific financial packages (or assistance) for specific industries which may have different gestation periods and tangible assets. Only one hypothesis appears to be accepted for ATF moderations. This may be explained by the quality of the institutional environment where a higher-quality institutional environment may have less impact as a moderator on TEA. In lower-quality institutional environments, FIs may have much more explanatory power. Overall, the models utilised in the thesis have resulted in a more nuanced study of the institutions that influence TEA.
A triple-loop survey to delve into physical climate storylines and address climate risk assessment: Learning from farmers' perception and behaviour in northern Italy
Creators: name: Ricart, S.
name: Gazzotti, P.
name: Gandolfi, C.
name: Castelletti, A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: Climate change is both a physical and social phenomenon in which individual understandings are contextualized within broader considerations: individuals are not ‘blank slates’ receiving information about climate change, but that information is always and inevitably filtered through values and worldviews. Personal experience, local knowledge, and social-learning influence climate risk perception and vary substantially among countries and regions. Likewise, they differently affect individuals and social groups at the regional and local scale, among whom exposures, attitudes, and capacities to manage risks vary greatly. A climate storyline approach is hence well-suited to study human observations, compound climate risks, and inform and conceptualize human–water systems interactions. Narrative storylines are used as input drivers to climate models, to represent different development pathways, which are usually characterized and applied at national and sub-national scales. Storylines aim to provide new social scenarios that address local human cognition uncertainties and improve human behavior modelling and robustness when addressing decision-making processes. Climate risks and hazards understanding can be communicated by presenting the experiences or a sequence of events, facts, and observations that are plausible and potentially critical for the system under study. Methods guiding storytelling are usually focused on conducting interviews with stakeholders, carrying out collective workshops, developing appropriate focal questions, and iterating between model results and key stakeholders. Therefore, can other data collection tools be used to reduce uncertainty in physical aspects of climate change from individuals’ local experience and perception? This contribution presents a triple-loop survey to detail the core elements of farmers’ perception and behavior when addressing climate change risk. We collect first-hand observations from northern Italian farmers about how climate change affects their activity and how extreme events are conditioning their adaptation capacity. Emphasis is placed on understanding the driving factors (risk awareness, perceived impacts, and adaptation measures and barriers) involved in the physically self-consistent past events and the plausibility of those factors. Moreover, we want to test if these factors can provide relevant implications for appropriately modelling storylines in decision-making processes. Tentative results can be useful to discuss the methodological framework of storylines building and narratives modelling, and at which point surveys can be an alternative and complementary way of dealing with deep uncertainty within climate risk management and social scenarios modelling.
Additional file 2 of Assessing psychological adjustment and cultural reintegration after military service: development and psychometric evaluation of the post-separation Military-Civilian Adjustment and Reintegration Measure (M-CARM)
Creators: name: Romaniuk, Madeline
name: Fisher, Gina
name: Kidd, Chloe
name: Batterham, Philip J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 2. Veteran Interview Questions. Qualitative Interview Questions - Veteran Participants.
A new look at the cosmic ray positron fraction
Creators: name: Boudaud, M.
name: Aupetit, S.
name: Caroff, S.
name: Putze, A.
name: Belanger, G.
name: Genolini, Y.
name: Goy, C.
name: Poireau, V.
name: Poulin, V.
name: Rosier, S.
name: Salati, P.
name: Tao, L.
name: Vecchi, M.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The positron fraction in cosmic rays was found to be a steadily increasing in function of energy, above $\sim$ 10 GeV. This behaviour contradicts standard astrophysical mechanisms, in which positrons are secondary particles, produced in the interactions of primary cosmic rays during the propagation in the interstellar medium. The observed anomaly in the positron fraction triggered a lot of excitement, as it could be interpreted as an indirect signature of the presence of dark matter species in the Galaxy. Alternatively, it could be produced by nearby astrophysical sources, such as pulsars. Both hypotheses are probed in this work in light of the latest AMS-02 positron fraction measurements. The transport of the primary and secondary positrons in the Galaxy is described using a semi-analytic two-zone model. MicrOMEGAs is used to model the positron flux generated by dark matter species. The description of the positron fraction from astrophysical sources is based on the pulsar observations included in the ATNF catalogue. We find that the mass of the favoured dark matter candidates is always larger than 500 GeV. The only dark matter species that fulfils the numerous gamma ray and cosmic microwave background bounds is a particle annihilating into four leptons through a light scalar or vector mediator, with a mixture of tau (75%) and electron (25%) channels, and a mass between 0.5 and 1 TeV. The positron anomaly can also be explained by a single astrophysical source and a list of five pulsars from the ATNF catalogue is given. Those results are obtained with the cosmic ray transport parameters that best fit the B/C ratio. Uncertainties in the propagation parameters turn out to be very significant. In the WIMP annihilation cross section to mass plane for instance, they overshadow the error contours derived from the positron data.
description: 20 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A, corresponds to published version
Navigating Privacy in an Open Science Framework
Creators: name: Ringuette, Rebecca
name: Antunes, Alex
name: Bard, Christopher
name: Thompson, Barbara J.
name: Thomas, Brian A.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2023

description: Incorporating open science practices and methodologies promises to accelerate our science into a new generation of inspiration and discovery. However, not all components of a science project can be open before publication, and our community has a spectrum of comfort levels with openness. What technologies can be used together to make our research "as open as possible, but as closed as necessary"? We present one stack of technologies - the Open Science Framework, HelioCloud, and GitHub - as one possible solution to the spectrum of openness desired by the community. We use various combinations of privacy settings on the three platforms to demonstrate a spectrum of openness and privacy for research as part of the development of the Magnetopause Open Validation Experiment (MOVE, https://www.doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/V4DRT).
Oral Presentation at the 4th Jack Eddy Symposium, Oct 29 - Nov 3, 2023, Golden, CO,
Shell DFT-1/2 method towards engineering accuracy for semiconductors: GGA versus LDA
Creators: name: Cui, Hanli
name: Yang, Shengxin
name: Yuan, Jun-Hui
name: Li, Li-Heng
name: Ye, Fan
name: Huang, Jinhai
name: Xue, Kan-Hao
name: Miao, Xiangshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Kohn-Sham gaps of density functional theory (DFT) obtained in terms of local density approximation (LDA) or generalized gradient approximation (GGA) cannot be directly linked to the fundamental gaps of semiconductors, but in engineering there is a strong demand to match them through certain rectification methods. Shell DFT-1/2 (shDFT-1/2), as a variant of DFT-1/2, is a potential candidate to yield much improved band gaps for covalent semiconductors, but its accuracy depends on the LDA/GGA ground state, including optimized lattice parameters, basic Kohn-Sham gap before self-energy correction and the amount of self-energy correction that is specific to the exchange-correlation (XC) functional. In this work, we test the LDA/GGA as well as shDFT-1/2 results of six technically important covalent semiconductors Si, Ge, GaN, GaP, GaAs and GaSb, with an additional ionic insulator LiF for comparison. The impact of XC flavor (LDA, PBEsol, PBE and RPBE), either directly on the gap value, or indirectly through the optimized lattice constant, is examined comprehensively. Moreover, we test the impact of XC flavor on LDA/GGA and shDFT-1/2 gaps under the condition of fixed experimental lattice constants. In-depth analysis reveals the rule of reaching the best accuracy in calculating the electronic band structures of typical covalent semiconductors. Relevant parameters like lattice constant, self-consistency in shDFT-1/2 runs, as well as the exchange enhancement factor of GGA, are discussed in details.
description: 23 pages, 10 figures
title: Environmental constraints can explain clutch size differences between urban and forest blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus): insights from an egg removal experiment
Creators: name: Pitt, Mark
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Urbanisation, clutch size, breeding constraints, adaptation.

description: Urban environments are expanding globally, presenting novel ecological challenges to which species might not be well adapted. Understanding whether species responses to urban living are adaptive or maladaptive is critical to predicting the future impacts of urbanisation on biodiversity. Urban breeding birds exhibit reduced reproductive investment (clutch size) compared to neighbouring non-urban populations. However, whether this reduction is an adaptive response or a result of physiological constraints is unclear. Here, I investigated the ability of urban and forest blue tits (Cyanistes caeruleus) to lay new eggs following an egg removal manipulation. Consistent with the constraint hypothesis, egg removal did not induce urban females to lay replacement eggs. Meanwhile, forest birds laid approximately two replacement eggs after egg removal. Additionally, I found that the size of the replacement eggs from forest females declined over the lay sequence. Hatchlings from experimental nests had a smaller body mass in both habitats, with smaller hatchlings having a reduced probability of survival. Furthermore, as urban blue tits did not lay replacement eggs, egg removal resulted in a brood reduction in the city and nestlings from urban experimental nests had higher survival than those from urban control nests. Overall, my results suggest cities place constraints on egg production in urban birds. Urban females may experience energetic or nutrient limitations that restricts egg formation and/or exacerbates the trade-off between survival and egg production. Additionally, females may be misjudging urban habitat quality, due to time constraints when laying, and produce a clutch too large to be sustained in the city.
Disclosure of sexual history in hook ups, short and long-term relationships
Creators: name: Cavalie, Carlos
Publisher: name: No Publisher Supplied
Year: 2010

description: Prior research has mainly investigated how dating or married couples discussed sexual topics including disclosing their sexual history. Little attempt has been made to investigate such disclosure among hook ups. Additionally, to my knowledge, differences between different relational types have not been investigated in a single study. The current study investigated disclosure of sexual history among heterosexual long-term relationships, short-term relationships, and hook ups. Participants were university students as well as visitors to websites which hosted links to the online questionnaire. Results suggest that heterosexuals in such relational groups do discuss their sexual history though the honesty of such disclosure is in question. Additionally, a gender difference was found in what men and women believed their partners desired in an ideal partner. How participants presented themselves to their partners was significantly correlated with what they believed their partners ideal was. Results are discussed in the context of previous research including impression management literature. Possible sexual health implications are also discussed.
Hafnia for analog memristor: Influence of stoichiometry and crystalline structure
Creators: name: Li, Li-Heng
name: Xue, Kan-Hao
name: Yuan, Jun-Hui
name: Mao, Ge-Qi
name: Miao, Xiangshui
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The highly non-linear switching behavior of hafnia memristor actually hinders its wide application in neuromorphic computing. Theoretical understanding into its switching mechanism has been focused on the processes of conductive filament generation and rupture, but possible phase transition and crystallization around the region of conductive filaments (CFs) due to the variation of O content have been paid less attention to. In this paper, HfO$\mathrm{_x}$ structural models covering the full stoichiometries from Hf to HfO$\mathrm{_2}$ were established, and the crystal structure evolution during the reduction process of hafnia was obtained through first-principles calculation. The electronic structures and O vacancy migration characteristics of these structures were analyzed. A criterion was prescribed to predict the mode of abrupt binary switching or gradual conductance modulation according to the structure evolution of the CFs. In particular, factors that influence the merging of tiny conductive channels into strong filaments are intensively discussed, including the anisotropy of O vacancy migration and the size effect. The feasibility of Mg doping to achieve robust gradual switching is discussed.
description: 33 pages, 18 figures
Additional file 1 of Assessing psychological adjustment and cultural reintegration after military service: development and psychometric evaluation of the post-separation Military-Civilian Adjustment and Reintegration Measure (M-CARM)
Creators: name: Romaniuk, Madeline
name: Fisher, Gina
name: Kidd, Chloe
name: Batterham, Philip J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1. Focus Group Questions. Qualitative Focus Group Questions - Health Professional Participants.
title: An analytical framework of tissue-patch clustering for quantifying phenotypes of whole slide images
Creators: name: Sunhem, Wisuwat
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Phenotype cluster, deep learning, generative adversarial model, tumour tissue, manifold learning, dimension reduction.

description: Histopathology is considered the most practical diagnostic method for patient with early stage cancer. This is because at the very first pre-screening, patient’s tissue samples are delivered to pathologist for examining evidence of cancer. Computational scientists aid pathologist by heavily producing research on machine learning-based morphological pattern recognition of tissue image. Many data modelling investigations on histopathology have been conducted in supervised manner and some of them were further employed in real-life clinical diagnosis. This study proposes an approach to developing clusters of tissue tile. The main aim is to obtain ’high-quality clusters’ with respect to phenotypic annotations. In order to achieve this goal, two colorectal datasets namely 100k-nct and TCGA-COAD are experimented, one of which is directly annotated with tissue type, and other dataset is annotated through derivation from patient metadata, quiescent status. Four main independent variables were explored in this study (i) feature extraction by Resnet50, InceptionV3, VGG16 and an unsupervised generative model, PathologyGAN. (ii) feature space transformer including original feature, 3D PCA feature and 3D-UMAP feature and (iii) clustering algorithms namely Gaussian Mixture Model and Hierarchical clustering and their primary hyper-parameters. As a result, Resnet50 empowered by UMAP outperformed the most in clustering tissue type on 100k-nct dataset at v-measure of 0.74. The other dataset of which quiescent status is derived from patients encountered nearly zero in v-measure. However, clustering this quiescence-based dataset on 3D-UMAP Pathology-GAN yielded far higher V-measure than the rest of cluster configurations and illustrates ability to capture quiescence-related phenotype through visualisation.
Combinatorial refinement on circulant graphs
Creators: name: Kluge, Laurence
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Computational Complexity (cs.CC)
subject: Discrete Mathematics (cs.DM)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: The combinatorial refinement techniques have proven to be an efficient approach to isomorphism testing for particular classes of graphs. If the number of refinement rounds is small, this puts the corresponding isomorphism problem in a low-complexity class. We investigate the round complexity of the 2-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm on circulant graphs, i.e. on Cayley graphs of the cyclic group $\mathbb{Z}_n$, and prove that the number of rounds until stabilization is bounded by $\mathcal{O}(d(n)\log n)$, where $d(n)$ is the number of divisors of $n$. As a particular consequence, isomorphism can be tested in NC for connected circulant graphs of order $p^\ell$ with $p$ an odd prime, $\ell>3$ and vertex degree $Δ$ smaller than $p$.
 We also show that the color refinement method (also known as the 1-dimensional Weisfeiler-Leman algorithm) computes a canonical labeling for every non-trivial circulant graph with a prime number of vertices after individualization of two appropriately chosen vertices. Thus, the canonical labeling problem for this class of graphs has at most the same complexity as color refinement, which results in a time bound of $\mathcal{O}(Δn\log n)$. Moreover, this provides a first example where a sophisticated approach to isomorphism testing put forward by Tinhofer has a real practical meaning.
description: 20 pages, 1 figure
Driven inelastic Maxwell gases
Creators: name: Prasad, V. V.
name: Sabhapandit, Sanjib
name: Dhar, Abhishek
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech)
subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We consider the inelastic Maxwell model, which consists of a collection of particles that are characterized by only their velocities, and evolving through binary collisions and external driving. At any instant, a particle is equally likely to collide with any of the remaining particles. The system evolves in continuous time with mutual collisions and driving taken to be point processes with rates $τ_c^-{1}$ and $τ_w^{-1}$ respectively. The mutual collisions conserve momentum and are inelastic, with a coefficient of restitution $r$. The velocity change of a particle with velocity $v$, due to driving, is taken to be $Δv=-(1+r_w) v+η$, mimicking the collision with a vibrating wall, where $r_w$ the coefficient of restitution of the particle with the "wall" and $η$ is Gaussian white noise. The Ornstein-Uhlenbeck driving mechanism given by $\frac{dv}{dt}=-Γv+η$ is found to be a special case of the driving modeled as a point process. Using both the continuum and discrete versions we show that while the equations for the one-particle and the two-particle velocity distribution functions do not close, the joint evolution equations of the variance and the two-particle velocity correlation functions close. With the exact formula for the variance we find that, for $r_w\ne-1$, the system goes to a steady state. On the other hand, for $r_w=-1$, the system does not have a steady state. Similarly, the system goes to a steady state for the Ornstein-Uhlenbeck driving with $Γ\not=0$, whereas for the purely diffusive driving ($Γ=0$), the system does not have a steady state.
description: 9 pages, 4 figures
title: L’Apparition - Appropriation of archival and found material in a post-digital audiovisual practice
Creators: name: Orleans, Elzbieta M.
Publisher: name: University of Glasgow
Year: 2023

description: Copy and appropriation of archival or/and found materials have long been an integral part of practices of collage, remix, and sample. Those methods are still a puzzling source of anxiety caused by copyright law. The aim of this research is to recognise that the artistic practice of copy and appropriation of visual, literary, and musical works protected by copyright requires urgent attention, evaluation, and adjustment to safeguard the contemporary, digital, and post-digital landscape in which artists live and thrive. This research is divided into two areas respectively concerned with two questions. The first question, “To what extent the use of copy and appropriation can be considered as a (moral or legal) right of an artist?” evaluated in Chapter One focuses on the meaning of authorship and its legal, moral, and philosophical implications. The second question: “How can relationships between past and present be represented and interrogated through a creative process that is informed by past methodologies and theories and determined by the possibilities offered in a post-digital age?” delineated in Chapter Two investigates the concept of artistic freedom to copy and appropriate. The practical part includes recordings of audiovisual compositions, documentation of which is available online. The collection includes the title work L’Apparition, the culmination of this theoretical and practical research. Compositional methodology is described in Chapter Three, and examples of work leading to the premiere of L’Apparition are presented in Chapter Four. This thesis proposes a remodelling of outdated perceptions of authorship and the inconsistent rule of copyright law. It also recommends a plan of action for artists and academics to pave a new way to collaborative and creative approaches based on the ethos of Open Source and Open Access materials. Finally, this research calls for the protection of artistic freedoms expressed in the form of a manifesto; its aim is to start a dialogue leading to reforms of copyright law in accordance with the reality of contemporary art.
Additional file 1 of New insights into malaria vector bionomics in Lao PDR: a nationwide entomology survey
Creators: name: Marcombe, Sébastien
name: Maithaviphet, Santi
name: Bobichon, Julie
name: Nothasin Phommavan
name: Nambanya, Simone
name: Corbel, Vincent
name: Brey, Paul T.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: 59999 Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Earth and related environmental sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Cancer
subject: 110309 Infectious Diseases
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 1: Table S1. Species diversity and abundance of morphologically identified Anopheles mosquitoes collected in Laos during dry and rainy seasons of 2014 and 2015.
Maximum probability domains for the analysis of the microscopic structure of liquids
Creators: name: Agostini, Federica
name: Ciccotti, Giovanni
name: Savin, Andreas
name: Vuilleumier, Rodolphe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: Chemical Physics (physics.chem-ph)
subject: Computational Physics (physics.comp-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We introduce the concept of maximum probability domains (MPDs), developed in the context of the analysis of electronic densities, in the study of the microscopic spatial structures of liquids. The idea of locating a particle in a three dimensional region, by determining the domain where the probability of finding that, and only that, particle is maximum, gives an interesting characterization of the local structure of the liquid. The optimization procedure, required for the search of the domain of maximum probability, is carried out by the implementation of the level set method. Results for a couple of case studies are presented, to illustrate the structure of liquid water at ambient conditions and upon increasing pressure from the point of view of MPDs and to compare the information encoded in the solvation shells of sodium in water with, once again, that extracted from the MPDs.
description: 35 pages, 15 figures
Spin-defect characteristics of single sulfur vacancies in monolayer $\text{MoS}_2$
Creators: name: Hötger, Alexander
name: Amit, Tomer
name: Klein, Julian
name: Barthelmi, Katja
name: Pelini, Thomas
name: Delhomme, Alex
name: Rey, Sergio
name: Potemski, Marek
name: Faugeras, Clément
name: Cohen, Galit
name: Hernangómez-Pérez, Daniel
name: Taniguchi, Takashi
name: Watanabe, Kenji
name: Kastl, Christoph
name: Finley, Jonathan J.
name: Refaely-Abramson, Sivan
name: Holleitner, Alexander W.
name: Stier, Andreas V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Single spin defects in 2D transition-metal dichalcogenides are natural spin-photon interfaces for quantum applications. Here we report high-field magneto-photoluminescence spectroscopy from three emission lines (Q1, Q2 and Q*) of He-ion induced sulfur vacancies in monolayer $\text{MoS}_2$. Analysis of the asymmetric PL lineshapes in combination with the diamagnetic shift of Q1 and Q2 yields a consistent picture of localized emitters with a wavefunction extent of $\sim$ 3.5 nm. The distinct valley-Zeeman splitting in out-of-plane $B$-fields and the brightening of dark states through in-plane $B$-fields necessitates spin-valley selectivity of the defect states and lifted spin-degeneracy at zero field. Comparing our results to ab-initio calculations identifies the nature of Q1 and Q2 and suggests that Q* is the emission from a chemically functionalized defect. Analysis of the optical degree of circular polarization reveals that the Fermi level is a parameter that enables the tunability of the emitter. These results show that defects in 2D semiconductors may be utilized for quantum technologies.
Thermoelectric DC conductivities from black hole horizons
Creators: name: Donos, Aristomenis
name: Gauntlett, Jerome P.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2014
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: Strongly Correlated Electrons (cond-mat.str-el)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: An analytic expression for the DC electrical conductivity in terms of black hole horizon data was recently obtained for a class of holographic black holes exhibiting momentum dissipation. We generalise this result to obtain analogous expressions for the DC thermoelectric and thermal conductivities. We illustrate our results using some holographic Q-lattice black holes as well as for some black holes with linear massless axions, in both $D=4$ and $D=5$ bulk spacetime dimensions, which include both spatially isotropic and anisotropic examples. We show that some recently constructed ground states of holographic Q-lattices, which can be either electrically insulating or metallic, are all thermal insulators.
description: 29 pages. Very minor changes; published version
title: Das steuerliche Gemeinnützigkeitsrecht und Vereine am Beispiel von (Profi-)Sportvereinen
Creators: name: Ploscicova, Dominika
Year: 2021

description: Das steuerliche Gemeinnützigkeitsrecht sieht für Organisationen, die unter bestimmten Voraussetzungen als gemeinnützig anerkannt werden können, Steuerbegünstigung bis hin zur -befreiung vor. Der Gemeinnützigkeitsstatus bedeutet nicht nur eine Vielzahl von Stärken, sondern auch Fragen und Problemen. Es ist deshalb wichtig, sich mit diesem Thema zu befassen. Gemeinnützige Körperschaften verwirklichen ihre satzungsmäßige Zwecke überwiegend durch Zuwendungen, die in der Art von Spenden und Sponsoring erfolgen. Für Zwecke steuerlicher Behandlung solchen Zuwendungen muss in erster Linie die Abzugsfähigkeit als Betriebsausgabe untersucht werden. Dabei taucht die Problematik der Abgrenzung zu Betriebsausgaben und CRS auf, die nicht nur steuerrechtlich, sondern auch gesellschaftlich und bilanzrechtlich relevant ist. Im Rahmen dieser Masterarbeit wurde gezeigt, dass obwohl der deutsche Bundesfinanzhof mehrmals judiziert hat, die Angrenzungsproblematik der abziehbaren Spenden sei geklärt, entstehen bei den in der Rechtsprechung und in der Literatur genannten Abgrenzungsmerkmalen erhebliche Unsicherheiten, welche auch unterschiedlich ausgelegt werden.
description: The non-profit tax law provides for non-profit organizations a tax relief up to tax exemption, if certain conditions are met. The not-for-profit status means not only a variety of advantages, but also questions and problems. It is therefore important to deal with this issue. Non-profit corporations achieve their statutory purposes primarily through contributions, in form of donations and sponsorship. For the purposes of tax treatment of such benefits, the deductibility as an operating expense must be first examined. The problem of differentiating between operating expenses and CRS emerges, which is not only relevant from a tax law perspective, but also from a social and accounting law perspective. Within this master thesis, it was shown that although the German Federal Fiscal Court has judged several times that the problem of the differentiation of deductible donations has been clarified, the criteria mentioned in the case law and in the literature arise considerable uncertainties, which are also interpreted differently.
title: Israel muss sich verteidigen!
Creators: name: Fischman, Doron Shimon
Year: 2021

description: Seit der Antike ist das Diaspora-Judentum mit antijüdischen/antisemitischen und anti-zionistischen Ressentiments seiner Umgebung konfrontiert. Diese sollten im 19. und 20. Jahrhundert unter anderem durch das Erstarken nationalistischer Ideologien massiv zunehmen. Hiervon ist die arabische Welt, in welcher durchaus von einer Traditionalisierung des Antisemitismus ausgegangen werden kann, nicht ausgenommen. Auch wenn hier der Vorwurf einer plakativen Sichtweise aufkommen kann, ist dies als historisch gewachsener Fakt schwer negierbar. Vor dem Hintergrund von Verfolgung, Vertreibung und systematischer Vernichtung wird der Schrei nach Sicherheit und Stabilität stetig lauter. Mit der Staatsgründung Israels war zwar ein sicherer Hafen für Jüd*innen geschaffen, jedoch muss dieser aufgrund der kontinuierlichen Gefahr durch die feindseligen Nachbarstaaten nach wie vor verteidigt werden. In diesem Sinne ist der Informationsvorsprung Israels keine Frage der Opportunität, sondern eine historisch gewachsene Obligation. Aufgrund dessen wurde durch Premier- und Verteidigungsminister David Ben-Gurion bereits kurz nach dem Ende des Unabhängigkeitskrieges die Schaffung eines zentral gesteuerten Nachrichtendienstapparats beschlossen. „Wo kein weiser Rat zu finden ist, da geht das Volk unter; wo jedoch viele Ratgeber sind, lässt sich Hilfe finden.“ (https://www.israelnetz.com/gesellschaft-kultur/kultur/2018/03/09/die-agentur-die-treffen-mit-gott-arrangiert/ (Abgerufen am 29. Juni 2021 um 13:56 Uhr)). Dieser adaptierte Abschnitt aus Sprüche 11,14 stellt seit seiner Gründung den Leitspruch der zentralen Behörde für nachrichtendienstliche Arbeit und spezielle Aufgaben („Mossad“) dar. Eine der glorifiziertesten Spione des „Mossad“ war „Agent 088“ – Eli Cohen. Sein Einsatz in Syrien im Zeitraum von 1961–1965 war ein inhärenter Faktor für den Informationsvorsprung Israels in einer stetig instabiler werdenden Zeit. Durch die gewonnenen Informationen Eli Cohens vermochten die israelischen Nachrichtendienste der Regierung Wissen zu vermitteln, welches einen massiven Einfluss auf die Sicherheit des Landes hatte.
Dual Convexified Convolutional Neural Networks
Creators: name: Bai, Site
name: Ke, Chuyang
name: Honorio, Jean
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Machine Learning (stat.ML)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We propose the framework of dual convexified convolutional neural networks (DCCNNs). In this framework, we first introduce a primal learning problem motivated by convexified convolutional neural networks (CCNNs), and then construct the dual convex training program through careful analysis of the Karush-Kuhn-Tucker (KKT) conditions and Fenchel conjugates. Our approach reduces the computational overhead of constructing a large kernel matrix and more importantly, eliminates the ambiguity of factorizing the matrix. Due to the low-rank structure in CCNNs and the related subdifferential of nuclear norms, there is no closed-form expression to recover the primal solution from the dual solution. To overcome this, we propose a highly novel weight recovery algorithm, which takes the dual solution and the kernel information as the input, and recovers the linear weight and the output of convolutional layer, instead of weight parameter. Furthermore, our recovery algorithm exploits the low-rank structure and imposes a small number of filters indirectly, which reduces the parameter size. As a result, DCCNNs inherit all the statistical benefits of CCNNs, while enjoying a more formal and efficient workflow.
Additional file 5 of Assessing psychological adjustment and cultural reintegration after military service: development and psychometric evaluation of the post-separation Military-Civilian Adjustment and Reintegration Measure (M-CARM)
Creators: name: Romaniuk, Madeline
name: Fisher, Gina
name: Kidd, Chloe
name: Batterham, Philip J.
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Medicine
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Sociology
subject: FOS: Sociology
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Science Policy
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Additional file 5. EFA 5 years separated. Exploratory Factor analysis of the M-CARM for participants who have been separated from Defence up to 5 years.
Elevated methemoglobin levels in patients treated with hydroxocobalamin: a case series and in-vitro analysis
Creators: name: Kiernan, Emily Anne
name: Carpenter, Joseph E.
name: Dunkley, Camille A.
name: Moran, Tim P.
name: Rothstein, Lindsay Schaack
name: Silver, Elizabeth
name: Salehi, Maryam
name: Koch, David D.
name: Morgan, Brent W.
name: Murray, Brian Patrick
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Cell Biology
subject: Pharmacology
subject: 111714 Mental Health
subject: FOS: Health sciences

description: Historically, the first step in treating cyanide (CN-) toxicity utilized antidotes to induce methemoglobinemia. This is concerning in patients who are already hypoxemic or have elevated carboxyhemoglobin. Hydroxocobalamin (OHCbl) is now the first-line antidote for CN- toxicity and is not known to induce methemoglobinemia. We observed elevated methemoglobin (MetHb) levels in several patients treated with OHCbl and sought to investigate the incidence of MetHb formation following administration of OHCbl. Chart review: A single-center, retrospective case series of patients who received 5 or 10 g of hydroxocobalamin from 01/01/2011 through 04/30/2019. Data was analyzed using descriptive statistics. In-vitro study: Discarded blood was separated into whole blood and plasma samples. OHCbl and normal saline was added to reach 0×, 1×, 2×, and 4× peak therapeutic concentrations and analyzed at times 0, 2, and 4 h after administration. Chart review: Twenty-seven cases of OHCbl administration were identified. The median age was 53 years (IQR 38 − 64) and 20 (74.1%) were male. Exposure to a house fire or smoke inhalation was the reason for OHCbl administration in 21 (77.8%) patients. Five (18.5%) patients received 10 g of OHCbl while the rest received 5 g. Six (22.2%) patients developed methemoglobinemia, all after 5 g OHCbl administration; four had been exposed to fire and smoke, two received the medication for severe acidosis of unknown etiology not related to fire or smoke. The median peak level was 7.1% (IQR 2.2 − 16.4%) at a median time of 11.4 h post-administration. Two patients received methylene blue (MB), neither responded. Death occurred in 17 (63%) cases. In-vitro study: We observed a dose dependent elevation in total hemoglobin but did not detect any increase in MetHb. We observed a noteworthy temporal association between the formation of methemoglobinemia and the administration of hydroxocobalamin. This does not appear to be an artifact of the CO-oximeters. This could have profound implications for patients who are already hypoxemic or have impaired oxygen carrying capacity from carboxyhemoglobin.
title: Kunstrechtsspiegel, Nr. 2 (2022): Kunstrechtsspiegel
title: Kunstrechtsspiegel
titleType: AlternativeTitle
Creators: name: Kunstrechtsspiegel
Publisher: name: Kunstrechtsspiegel
Year: 2023

description: Impressum...126 Rechtsprechung...75-125 Ankündigung...73 Editorial...72 Inhalt
La tutela della salute e sicurezza dei lavoratori nel settore ferroviario, tra norme generali e norme speciali
Creators: name: Pascucci, Paolo
Publisher: name: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro
Year: 2023

description: Il saggio analizza la complessa trama delle fonti normative che disciplinano la salute e la sicurezza sul lavoro in ámbito ferroviario sottolineando come, a quindici anni dall’emanazione del d.lgs. n. 81/2008, non siano stati ancora emanati i decreti di armonizzazione tra la disciplina della vecchia legge n. 191/1974 e lo stesso d.lgs. n. 81/2008 e come questo grave ritardo rischi di creare non pochi problemi interpretativi con preoccupanti ripercussioni sulla tutela della salute e della sicurezza dei lavoratori.
description: Diritto della sicurezza sul lavoro, N. 1 (2023)
Hyper-pool: pooling private trips into high-occupancy transit-like attractive shared rides
Creators: name: Kucharski, Rafal
name: Cats, Oded
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2022
Subjects: subject: Physics and Society (physics.soc-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We propose Hyper-pool, an analytical, offline, utility-driven ride-pooling algorithm to aggregate individual trip requests into attractive shared rides of high-occupancy. We depart from our ride-pooling ExMAS algorithm where single rides are pooled into attractive door-to-door rides and propose two novel demand-side algorithms for further aggregating individual demand towards more compact pooling. First, we generate stop-to-stop rides, with a single pick up and drop off points optimal for all the travellers. Second, we bundle such rides again, resulting with hyper-pooled rides compact enough to resemble public transport operations. We propose a bottom-up framework where the pooling degree of identified rides is gradually increased, thereby ensuring attractiveness at subsequent aggregation levels. Our Hyper-pool method outputs the set of attractive pooled rides per service variant for a given travel demand. The algorithms are publicly available and reproducible. It is applicable for real-size demand datasets and opens new opportunities for exploiting the limits of ride-pooling potential. In our Amsterdam case-study we managed to pool over 220 travellers into 40 hyper-pooled rides of average occupancy 5.8 pax/veh.