cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
Integrated Mobile Solutions in an Internet-of-Things Development Model
Creators: name: Damaj, Issam
name: Kasbah, Safaa
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Networking and Internet Architecture (cs.NI)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: B.4.1; H.4.3; K.8.1

description: The Internet-of-Things (IoT) is a revolutionary technology that is rapidly changing the world. IoT systems strive to provide automated solutions for almost every life aspect; traditional devices are becoming connected, ubiquitous, pervasive, wireless, context-aware, smart, controlled through mobile solutions, to name but a few. IoT devices can now be found in our apartments, places of work, cars, buildings, and in almost every aspect of life. In this investigation, we propose an IoT system Development Model (IDM). The proposed IDM enables the development of IoT systems from concept to prototyping. The model comprises concept refinement pyramids, decision trees, realistic constraint lists, architecture and organization diagrams, communication interface patterns, use cases, and menus of analysis metrics and evaluation indicators. The investigation confirms that the proposed model enjoys several properties, such as, clarity, conciseness, thoroughness, productivity, etc. The model is deployed for a variety of systems that belong to heterogeneous areas of application; the model is proven to be effective in application and successful in integrating mobile solutions. This chapter includes the presentation of the IDM submodels, the reasoning about their usefulness, and the technical developments of several systems. The chapter includes thorough discussions, analysis of the model usability and application, and in-depth evaluations.
description: 31 pages, 16 figures, 3 tables
How do we know if teachers are well Developing and evaluating the psychometric properties of the Well-being Holistic Assessment for Teachers (WHAT)
Creators: name: Soares Jones, Fernanda
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education
classificationCode: 390307
subject: Teacher education and professional development of educators

description: This article reports on the development, adaptation, and validation of the Wellbeing Holistic Assessment for Teachers (WHAT) tool with a sample of 1,659 Salvadoran teachers. El Salvador is a conflict-affected country marked by high levels of gang related violence, which interacts with education and directly affects the wellbeing of teachers. Having a contextually grounded and validated tool is imperative to further our understanding of educator wellbeing in El Salvador and other conflict-affected settings, as it enables us to generate evidence that informs policies and interventions. In this article, we describe how we reviewed and selected the measures that comprise the WHAT tool, followed by an initial conceptualization of teacher wellbeing and a description of the experiences and challenges teachers in El Salvador are facing. We describe our process for translating and adapting the selected measures to the Salvadoran context, which included conducting cognitive interviews. The results from our exploratory factor analysis provide construct validity evidence for the internal structure of the individual measures used. The exploratory factor analysis that included all the items for all the measures confirmed that each scale is indeed measuring a different construct. The results from a confirmatory factor analysis confirmed a good model fit. The process of adapting the tool and the results of our psychometric analysis provide evidence of the tool’s validity, based on the content of the items in the tool, the internal structure, and its relationship to other variables.
Gaia scopre il suo primo pianeta
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

È il primo pianeta extrasolare scoperto interamente grazie ai dati raccolti dal telescopio spaziale Esa per l’astrometria. Individuato con il metodo dei transiti, ha una massa simile a quella di Giove e compie una rivoluzione ogni tre giorni. La conferma è giunta grazie a osservazioni di follow-up condotte con il Large Binocular Telescope
YSB bookkeeping workflow illustrations 横濱正金銀行計表・帳簿・記帳模本 (internal accounting manual of the Yokohama Specie Bank, Japan)
Creators: name: Schiltz, Michael
Publisher: name: figshare
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 140203 Economic History
subject: FOS: Economics and business
subject: 150103 Financial Accounting

description: 横濱正金銀行計表・帳簿・記帳模本, an internal document published by the Yokohama Specie Bank as an aid/manual for booking assets and liabilities: types of bills, bonds, deposits, overdrafts, and so on. Date of publication: 1908. Format: tiff (color).
Bol loops and Bruck loops of order $pq$ up to isotopism
Creators: name: Vojtěchovský, Petr
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Group Theory (math.GR)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: Primary: 20N05, Secondary: 12F05, 15B05, 15B33, 20D20

description: Let $p>q$ be odd primes. We classify Bol loops and Bruck loops of order $pq$ up to isotopism. When $q$ does not divide $p^2-1$, the only Bol loop (and hence the only Bruck loop) of order $pq$ is the cyclic group of order $pq$. When $q$ divides $p^2-1$, there are precisely $\lfloor(p-1+4q)(2q)^{-1}\rfloor$ Bol loops of order $pq$ up to isotopism, including a unique nonassociative Bruck loop of order $pq$.
Uova stellari nel putiferio del centro galattico
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Grazie ai dati di Alma, gli astronomi hanno osservato quattro massicce nubi nella regione molecolare centrale della Via Lattea, nelle quali non era prevista formazione stellare. Al contrario, hanno scoperto più di 800 nuclei densi di gas e polvere, in 43 dei quali sono stati osservati outflow protostellari. Si tratta di una prova inequivocabile di formazione stellare in corso. Tutti i dettagli su Apj
Mitigating cosmic variance in the Hellings-Downs curve: a Cosmic Microwave Background analogy
Creators: name: Pitrou, Cyril
name: Cusin, Giulia
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: The Hellings-Downs (HD) correlation, which characterizes the signature of a stochastic gravitational wave background measured via Pulsar Timing Arrays (PTA), is derived using a harmonic formalism. This approach closely follows the framework traditionally employed to compute correlations of temperature fluctuations in the CMB. This parallel enables a direct comparison between the correlations observed in PTA and those in CMB. After providing analytic estimates of the transmission functions, we show that the covariance matrix in frequency space becomes very non-diagonal. We then build formally the quadratic estimator for the HD correlation in multipolar space, for both a perfect experiment, and for a realistic pulsar noise model. For a perfect experiment, we show that the SNR grows with the observation time and the number of frequency bins, in turn determined by the cadence of observation. For an imperfect experiment, the behaviour is similar, with an effective multipole-dependent number of frequency, obtained after weighting with noise. We predict that with $\sim 200$ pulsars monitored for $25$ years, multipoles of the HD correlation up to $\ell=4$ can be measured. Our findings clarify that is called \emph{cosmic variance} in previous literature is not an intrinsic limitation for PTA measurements. Instead, with optimal estimators, it can be mitigated by accumulating more observation time or improving the cadence of pulsar monitoring. Therefore, unlike CMB angular correlations, where cosmic variance represents an irreducible constraint, it can be reduced in PTA measurements. Finally, we show that if the primordial power spectrum of tensor fluctuations was very blue with $n_T>4$, the CMB angular correlation due to these tensor modes would also exhibit a HD correlation. We also discuss the case in which the graviton distribution function is anisotropic.
description: 31 pages, 10 figures
Cometa interstellare intatta e senza macchia
Creators: Ufficio stampa Inaf
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Osservazioni polarimetriche effettuate con il Very Large Telescope dell’Eso indicano che la cometa 2I/Borisov, scoperta mentre attraversava il Sistema solare provenendo dallo spazio interstellare, ha proprietà che la rendono probabilmente la cometa più intatta mai osservata. Secondo gli autori dello studio pubblicato oggi su Nature Communications, tra cui Alberto Cellino dell’Inaf, questo oggetto celeste non è mai passato in precedenza nelle vicinanze di una stella
Fluorescence contrast improvement by polarization shaped laser pulses for autofluorescent biomolecules
Creators: name: Haas, B.
name: Hild, Marek Bastian
name: Kussicke, André
name: Kurre, A.
name: Lindinger, Albrecht
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Pulse shaping
subject: Optical fibers
subject: Polarization
subject: Multiphoton excitation
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::539 Moderne Physik

description: We present contrast enhancement for the autofluorescing coenzymes flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) in glycerol using phase and polarization shaped laser pulses after the transmission through a kagome fiber. Thereto, we report a way to calculate the optimal light modulator incident polarization angle, which in general differs from the horizontal. Combining phase and polarization shaping, we can selectively excite FAD in one polarization and simultaneously NADH in the other polarization direction by third order phase functions. Due to high anisotropy, the contrast of the fluorescence depends on the polarization direction. The effect of the fiber on the phase is precompensated in order to obtain the desired phase function after the fiber. Since the relative amounts of NADH and FAD give information about cellular metabolic activity which in turn helps understand disease processes, the method promises high biophotonic potential.
Lyman alpha emission in starbursts: implications for galaxies at high redshift
Creators: name: Mas-Hesse, J. M.
name: Kunth, D.
name: Tenorio-Tagle, G.
name: Leitherer, C.
name: Terlevich, R. J.
name: Terlevich, E.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We present the results of a high resolution UV 2-D spectroscopic survey of star forming galaxies observed with HST-STIS. Our main aim was to map the Lyman alpha profiles to learn about the gas kinematics and its relation with the escape of Lyman alpha photons and to detect extended Lyman alpha emission due to scattering in gaseous halos. We have combined our data with previously obtained UV spectroscopy on other three star-forming galaxies. We find that the P-Cygni profile is spatially extended, smooth and spans several kiloparsecs covering a region much larger than the starburst itself. We propose a scenario whereby an expanding super-shell is generated by the interaction of the combined stellar winds and supernova ejecta from the young starbursts, with an extended low density halo. The variety of observed Lyman alpha profiles both in our sample and in high redshift starbursts is explained as phases in the time evolution of the super-shell expanding into the disk and halo of the host galaxy. The observed shapes, widths and velocities are in excellent agreement with the super-shell scenario predictions and represent a time sequence. We confirm that among the many intrinsic parameters of a star forming region that can affect the properties of the observed Lyman alpha profiles, velocity and density distributions of neutral gas along the line of sight are by far the dominant ones, while the amount of dust will determine the intensity of the emission line, if any.
description: 57 pages, 22 figures, LaTex
Epsilon Eridani b, esopianeta un tempo da record
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

È un gigante gassoso, con dimensioni e tempo di rivoluzione paragonabili a Giove, e fino a qualche anno fa è stato il pianeta extrasolare a noi più vicino. Proprio su questo record la Nasa, proponendone una bella rappresentazione artistica come “Immagine del giorno” del suo sito, è incappata in una piccola svista, ora corretta
title: Alaska Essential Fish Habitat Research Plan: A Research Plan for the National Marine Fisheries Service’s Alaska Fisheries Science Center and Alaska Regional Office
Creators: name: Pirtle, Jodi
name: Thorson, James
name: Siple, Margaret
name: Hurst, Thomas
name: Bayer, Skylar
name: Matta, Mary
Publisher: name: NOAA National Marine Fisheries Service Alaska Regional Office
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/05gxje444
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA technical memorandum NMFS F/AKR ; 33
description: In the following, we first update the five long-term research goals that have been included in Alaska EFH Research Plans since 2005 (e.g., Sigler et al. 2017). We then outline three objectives that require particular emphasis over the coming years. This document revises and supersedes these earlier plans and guides the next five years of EFH research.
The Age-Activity-Rotation Relationship in Solar-Type Stars
Creators: name: Pace, Giancarlo
name: Pasquini, Luca
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2004
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Measured from high-resolution spectra, we present Ca II K line chromospheric fluxes in 35 G dwarf stars of 5 open clusters to determine the age-activity-rotation relationship from the young Hyades and Praesepe (0.6 Gyr) to the old M 67 (~ 4.5 Gyr) through the two intermediate age clusters IC 4651 and NGC 3680 (~ 1.7 Gyr). Our data show that a dramatic decrease in chromospheric activity takes place among solar stars between the Hyades and the IC4651 age, in about 1 Gyr. Afterwards, activity remains virtually constant for more than 3 Gyr. We briefly investigate the impact of this result on the age determinations of field G dwarfs in the solar neighborhood; the two main conclusions are that a consistent group of 'young' stars (i.e. as active as Hyades stars) is present, and that it is virtually impossible to give accurate chromospheric ages for stars older than ~ 2 Gyr. The observed abrupt decline in activity explains very well the Vaughan-Preston gap.
description: 17 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics
Culcita novaeguineae Muller & Troschel 1842
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Oreasteridae
Culcita
Culcita novaeguineae

description: arenosa Perrier, 1869, Culcita
Culcita arenosa Perrier, 1869: 66.
Culcita novaeguineae ‒ Clark 1993: 299.
CURRENT STATUS. — Culcita novaeguineae Müller & Troschel, 1842.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Hawaii • holotype; Hawaii; La Bonite expedition; 1836-1837; MNHN-IE-2014-414.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 267, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
title: World Ocean Database 2023 User's Manual
Creators: name: Garcia, Hernan E.
name: Boyer, Tim P.
name: Locarnini, Ricardo A.
name: Reagan, James R.
name: Mishonov, Alexey V.
name: Baranova, Olga K.
name: Paver, Christopher R.
name: Wang, Zhankun
name: Bouchard, Courtney
name: Cross, Scott
name: Seidov, Dan
name: Dukhovskoy, Dmitry
Publisher: name: NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04r0wrp59
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2024

description: NOAA atlas NESDIS ; 98
description: NOAA’s World Ocean Database (WOD) is a scientifically quality-controlled database of historical and recent oceanographic profiles of in situ measured Essential Ocean Variables (EOV), Essential Climate Variables (ECV), and plankton abundance data.
Supernova Enrichment of Dwarf Spheroidal Galaxies
Creators: name: Fragile, P. Chris
name: Murray, Stephen D.
name: Anninos, Peter
name: Lin, Douglas N. C.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: (Abridged) Many dwarf galaxies exhibit sub-Solar metallicities, with some star-to-star variation, despite often containing multiple generations of stars. The total metal content in these systems is much less than expected from the heavy element production of massive stars in each episode of star formation. Such a deficiency implies that a substantial fraction of the enriched material has been lost from these small galaxies. Mass ejection from dwarf galaxies may have important consequences for the evolution of the intergalactic medium and for the evolution of massive galaxies, which themselves may have formed via the merger of smaller systems. We report here the results of three-dimensional simulations of the evolution of supernova-enriched gas within dwarf spheroidal galaxies (dSph's), with the aim of determining the retention efficiency of supernova ejecta. We consider two galaxy models, selected to represent opposite ends of the dSph sequence. For each model galaxy we investigate a number of scenarios, ranging from a single supernova in smooth gas distributions to more complex multiple supernovae in highly disturbed gas distributions. The results of these investigations suggest that, for low star-formation efficiencies, it is difficult to completely expel the enriched material from the galaxy. Most of the enriched gas is, however, lost from the core of the galaxy following multiple supernovae, especially if the interstellar medium is already highly disturbed by processes such as photo-ionization and stellar winds. If subsequent star formation occurs predominantly within the core where most of the residual gas is concentrated, then these results could explain the poor self-enrichment efficiency observed in dwarf galaxies.
description: 29 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal
Lampo gamma deviato da un raro buco nero
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Misurando il ritardo introdotto da una lente gravitazionale tra i fotoni di un gamma ray burst e quelli della sua eco, un team di astronomi australiani ha calcolato la massa della lente stessa. Si tratta di un oggetto da circa 55mila masse solari – probabilmente un esemplare di una rarissima classe di buchi neri: quelli di massa intermedia
Apophis va per la sua strada, senza paura
Creators: Valentina Guglielmo
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Dopo 17 anni di monitoraggio, nuove osservazioni ottiche e radar consentono di escludere l’asteroide Apophis dalla lista delle potenziali minacce del secolo. Secondo i nuovi calcoli, la traiettoria che porterà all'incontro ravvicinato fra l’asteroide e la Terra nel 2068  – il terzo del secolo corrente – non sarà deviata in modo significativo dal prossimo passaggio dell'aprile 2029 e vedrà il corpo costeggiare il nostro pianeta e attraversare agilmente la sua corte satellitare
Impurity resonances in the mixed state of high-Tc superconductors
Creators: name: Samokhin, K. V.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Superconductivity (cond-mat.supr-con)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We study the quasiparticle resonance states near strong impurities in the mixed state of a d-wave superconductor. These states give rise to zero-bias peaks in the local density of states, observed in scanning tunneling microscopy experiments. The field dependence of the peaks is obtained by averaging with respect to the spatially non-uniform Doppler shifts in the energy of excitations. The hybridization of the magnetic field-induced nodal quasiparticles with the impurity resonances results in the suppression and broadening of the zero-bias peaks. The height of the peaks is found to scale as \sqrt{Hc2/H}. The magnetic field response of the peaks is shown to be strongly dependent on the field orientation.
Un giorno da Curiosity
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

S’intitola “Curiosity: Sol 3048”, è un panorama a 360 gradi del cratere Gale di Marte prodotto a partire da ben 146 immagini grezze. E la Nasa l’ha eletto ieri foto astronomica del giorno. Uno dei suoi due creatori è Elisabetta Bonora. Marketing e comunicazione sono il suo lavoro. Arte, fotografia e divulgazione scientifica sono invece alcune delle sue passioni. «Passare dalla tavolozza all'image processing è stato piuttosto naturale», racconta a Media Inaf
Trends in elastic properties of Ti–Ta alloys from first-principles calculations
Creators: name: Chakraborty, Tanmoy
name: Rogal, Jutta
Publisher: name: Freie Universität Berlin
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Ti–Ta alloys
subject: elastic properties
subject: density functional theory
subject: shape memory alloys
subject: 500 Naturwissenschaften und Mathematik::530 Physik::530 Physik

description: The martensitic start temperature (Ms) is a technologically fundamental characteristic of high-temperature shape memory alloys. We have recently shown [Chakraborty et al 2016 Phys. Rev. B 94 224104] that the two key features in describing the composition dependence of Ms are the T = 0 K phase stability and the difference in vibrational entropy which, within the Debye model, is directly linked to the elastic properties. Here, we use density functional theory together with special quasi-random structures to study the elastic properties of disordered martensite and austenite Ti–Ta alloys as a function of composition. We observe a softening in the tetragonal shear elastic constant of the austenite phase at low Ta content and a non-linear behavior in the shear elastic constant of the martensite. A minimum of 12.5% Ta is required to stabilize the austenite phase at T = 0 K. Further, the shear elastic constants and Young's modulus of martensite exhibit a maximum for Ta concentrations close to 30%. Phenomenological, elastic-constant-based criteria suggest that the addition of Ta enhances the strength, but reduces the ductile character of the alloys. In addition, the directional elastic stiffness, calculated for both martensite and austenite, becomes more isotropic with increasing Ta content. The reported trends in elastic properties as a function of composition may serve as a guide in the design of alloys with optimized properties in this interesting class of materials.
Production of enantiopure chiral aryl heteroaryl carbinols using whole‐cell Lactobacillus paracasei biotransformation
Creators: name: Şahin, Engin
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Biochemistry
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: 69999 Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified

description: Aryl and heteroaryl chiral carbinols are useful precursors in the synthesis of drugs. Lactobacillus paracasei BD87E6, which is obtained from a cereal based fermented beverage, was investigated as whole cell biocatalyst for the bioreduction of different ketones (including aromatic, hetero-aromatic and fused bicyclic ketone) into chiral carbinols, which can be used as a pharmaceutical intermediate. The study shows that bioreduction of aryl, heteroaryl and fused bicyclic ketone (1-5) to their corresponding chiral carbinols (1a-5a) in excellent enantioselectivity (>99%) with high yields. This study gave the first example for an enantiopure production of (S)-6-chlorochroman-4-ol (3a), which has many antioxidant activity, by a biological method. For asymmetric bioreduction of other prochiral ketones, these results open way to use of L. paracasei BD87E6 as biocatalysts. Also, the present process shows a hopeful and alternative green synthesis for the production of enantiopure carbinols in a mild, inexpensive and environmentally friendly process.
What’s happening in Syria even affects the rocks” a qualitative study of the Syrian refugee experience accessing noncommunicable disease services in Jordan
Creators: name: Chandler, Hannah
name: Boothby, Neil
Publisher: name: University of Notre Dame
Year: 2024
Subjects: classificationCode: 39
subject: Education

description: Humanitarian actors and host-countries in the Middle East and North Africa region are challenged with meeting the health needs of Syrian refugees and adjusting the response to contemporary humanitarian conditions – urban-based refugees, stressed host-country health systems and high NCD prevalence. Although several studies have explored NCD prevalence, utilization of services and barriers to access, these analyses took place prior to dramatic shifts in Jordanian health policy and did not account for nuances in health seeking and utilization behaviors or operational barriers. Accordingly, we aimed to understand the depth and nuances of Syrian refugees’ experiences accessing NCD services in urban and semi-urban settings in Jordan. A qualitative study was conducted to explore the healthcare experiences of Syrian refugees in Jordan. The study team conducted 68 in-depth interviews with Syrian refugees in urban and semi-urban locations in central and northern Jordan. The findings indicated four themes key to understanding the healthcare experience: (1) emotional distress is a central concern and is frequently highlighted as the trigger for a non-communicable disease or its exacerbation; (2) service provision across all sectors – government, NGO, private – is complex, inadequate, expensive and fragmented, making engagement with the health sector physically and financially burdensome; (3) given financial constraints, participants make harmful decisions that further damage their health in order to reduce financial burdens, and (4) host-community members actively exhibit solidarity with their refugee neighbors and specifically do so during emergency health episodes. The findings from this study can be used to inform program design for forcibly displaced persons with NCDs and identify points of entry for effective interventions. Opportunities exist for humanitarian and host-country actors to provide more comprehensive NCD services and to improve the relevance and the quality of care provided to Syrian refugees in Jordan. Global and national funding will need to align with front-line realities and foster better coordination of services between host-country health systems, private actors and non-governmental organizations.
COSMOS: A Radiation-Chemo-Hydrodynamics Code for Astrophysical Problems
Creators: name: Anninos, Peter
name: Fragile, P. Chris
name: Murray, Stephen D.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics (astro-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We have developed a new massively-parallel radiation-hydrodynamics code (Cosmos) for Newtonian and relativistic astrophysical problems that also includes radiative cooling, self-gravity, and non-equilibrium, multi-species chemistry. Several numerical methods are implemented for the hydrodynamics, including options for both internal and total energy conserving schemes. Radiation is treated using flux-limited diffusion. The chemistry incorporates 27 reactions, including both collisional and radiative processes for atomic hydrogen and helium gases, and molecular hydrogen chains. In this paper we discuss the equations and present results from test problems carried out to verify the robustness and accuracy of our code in the Newtonian regime. An earlier paper presented tests of the relativistic capabilities of Cosmos.
description: 29 pages, 15 figures, to appear in Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
A Coalition Formation Game Framework for Peer-to-Peer Energy Trading
Creators: name: Tushar, Wayes
name: Saha, Tapan K.
name: Yuen, Chau
name: Azim, M. Imran
name: Morstyn, Thomas
name: Poor, H. Vincent
name: Niyato, Dustin
name: Bean, Richard
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Signal Processing (eess.SP)
subject: Computer Science and Game Theory (cs.GT)
subject: Systems and Control (eess.SY)
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: This paper studies social cooperation backed peer-to-peer energy trading technique by which prosumers can decide how they can use their batteries opportunistically for participating in the peer-to-peer trading. The objective is to achieve a solution in which the ultimate beneficiaries are the prosumers, i.e., a prosumer-centric solution. To do so, a coalition formation game is designed, which enables a prosumer to compare its benefit of participating in the peer-to-peer trading with and without using its battery and thus, allows the prosumer to form suitable social coalition groups with other similar prosumers in the network for conducting peer-to-peer trading. The properties of the formed coalitions are studied, and it is shown that 1) the coalition structure that stems from the social cooperation between participating prosumers at each time slot is both stable and optimal, and 2) the outcomes of the proposed peer- to-peer trading scheme is prosumer-centric. Case studies are conducted based on real household energy usage and solar generation data to highlight how the proposed scheme can benefit prosumers through exhibiting prosumer-centric properties.
description: Single column, double space, 24 pages
Fromia armata Koehler 1910
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Goniasteridae
Fromia
Fromia armata

description: armata Koehler, 1910, Fromia
Fromia armata Koehler, 1910: 141, pl. 16, figs 8, 9. — Clark 1993: 331.
CURRENT STATUS. — Fromia armata Koehler, 1910.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Andaman • 1 syntype; Port Blair (Andaman); Indian Museum leg.; MNHN-IE-2014-371.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 267, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
title: The Effect of Heavy Ion Irradiation on the Forward Dissolution Rate of Borosilicate Glasses Studied In Situ and Real Time by Fluid-Cell Raman Spectroscopy
Creators: name: Lönartz, Mara Iris
name: Dohmen, Lars
name: Lenting, Christoph
name: Trautmann, Christina
name: Lang, Maik
name: Geisler, Thorsten
Publisher: name: MDPI
Year: 2024

description: Borosilicate glasses are the favored material for immobilization of high-level nuclear waste (HLW) from the reprocessing of spent fuel used in nuclear power plants. To assess the long-term stability of nuclear waste glasses, it is crucial to understand how self-irradiation affects the structural state of the glass and influences its dissolution behavior. In this study, we focus on the effect of heavy ion irradiation on the forward dissolution rate of a non-radioactive ternary borosilicate glass. To create extended radiation defects, the glass was subjected to heavy ion irradiation using ¹⁹⁷Au ions that penetrated ~50 µm deep into the glass. The structural damage was characterized by Raman spectroscopy, revealing a significant depolymerization of the silicate and borate network in the irradiated glass and a reduction of the average boron coordination number. Real time, in situ fluid-cell Raman spectroscopic corrosion experiments were performed with the irradiated glass in a silica-undersaturated, 0.5 M NaHCO₃ solution at temperatures between 80 and 85 °C (initial pH = 7.1). The time- and space-resolved in situ Raman data revealed a 3.7 ± 0.5 times increased forward dissolution rate for the irradiated glass compared to the non-irradiated glass, demonstrating a significant impact of irradiation-induced structural damage on the dissolution kinetics.
Fabrication of flexible titania/polyacrylonitrile co-axial nanofibers via electrospinning
Creators: name: Jerawut Kaewsaenee
name: Farkfun Duriyasart
name: Varong Pavarajarn
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: 29999 Physical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Medicine
subject: Physiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biotechnology
subject: 39999 Chemical Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: FOS: Chemical sciences
subject: Ecology
subject: Developmental Biology
subject: Marine Biology
subject: Hematology

description: Titania/polyacrylonitrile (PAN) co-axial nanofibers were successfully fabricated by the co-axial electrospinning technique to be used as flexible photocatalyst fibers. The introduction of the flexibility to the fibers prevents crumbling of the nanofibers into powder, which is difficult to handle and to be removed from the fluid after uses. The fibers were firstly fabricated into titania(polyvinylpyrrolidone, PVP)/PAN core/sheath fibers. Upon the calcination of the as-synthesized fibers, PVP within the sheath of the fibers was removed, while titania crystalized to photoactive anatase phase. Increasing the calcination temperature resulted in decrease in the fraction of anatase phase within of the sheath fibers and a decrease in the diameter of the PAN core fibers. The optimum calcination temperature is needed to ensure complete removal of PVP, yet PAN remains as the core of the fibers. The tensile tests were applied to ensure that the calcined fibers were still flexible. The photocatalytic activities of the products were also tested and reported.
Le primissime strutture nell’Universo
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Tre astrofisici delle università di Göttingen e Auckland (in Nuova Zelanda) sono riusciti a ricostruire  i primissimi momenti dell'universo con una simulazione al computer, scoprendo che già nel primo trilionesimo di secondo dopo il Big Bang potrebbe essersi formata una complessa rete di strutture che potrebbe aver generato un rumore di fondo di onde gravitazionali. Tutti i dettagli su Physical Review D
Mitigating Nonlinear Systematics in Weak Lensing Surveys: The Bernardeau-Nishimichi-Taruya Approach
Creators: name: Gu, Shiming
name: van Waerbeke, Ludovic
name: Bernardeau, Francis
name: Dalal, Roohi
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Weak lensing surveys, along with most other late-Universe probes, have consistently measured a lower amplitude of the matter fluctuation spectrum, denoted by the parameter $S_8$, compared to predictions from early-Universe measurements in cosmic microwave background data. Improper modelling of nonlinear scales may partially explain these discrepancies in lensing surveys. This study investigates whether the conventional approach to addressing small-scale biases remains optimal for Stage-IV lensing surveys. We demonstrate that conventional weak lensing estimators are affected by scale leakage from theoretical biases at nonlinear scales, which influence all observed scales. Using the BNT transform, we propose an $\ell$-cut methodology that effectively controls this leakage. The Bernardeau-Nishimichi-Taruya (BNT) transform reorganises weak lensing data in $\ell$ space, aligning it with $k$ space, thereby reducing the mixing of nonlinear scales and providing a more accurate interpretation of the data. We evaluate the BNT approach by comparing HMcode, Halofit, Baryon Correction Model and AxionHMcode mass power spectrum models using Euclid-like survey configurations. Additionally, we introduce a new estimator to quantify scale leakage in both the BNT and noBNT approaches. Our findings show that BNT outperforms traditional methods, preserving cosmological constraints while significantly mitigating theoretical biases.
description: 21 pages, 11 figures, 3 tables, comments welcome!
Ingenuity si prepara al volo
Creators: Giuseppe Fiasconaro
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

La Nasa ha scelto il luogo ideale per il test del piccolo elicottero, una zona di cento metri quadrati sul cratere Jezero, dove Perseverance lo sta conducendo e dove – dopo sei lunghi giorni di dispiegamento – sarà nella configurazione finale per effettuare il primo tentativo di volo di un aeromobile su un altro pianeta
Inflammation and upper airway remodelling in natural and induced models of allergic rhinitis
Creators: name: Orban, Nara T
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2019

description: Introduction: Alterations in basement membrane thickness, collagen deposition, angiogenic and lymphangiogenic markers and changes in TGF- pathways, are features of remodelling seen in asthma. Such changes are not well-established in persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR). Aims: To establish whether upper airway remodelling is a feature of PAR using two models of allergic rhinitis: natural seasonal allergen exposure (NAE) and repetitive allergen challenge (RAC) model. Methods: Total nasal symptoms scores, nasal biopsies, and Th1 and Th2 cytokines from nasal secretions were assessed in subjects with severe PAR (n = 46), healthy control subjects (n = 19), and nasal polyp (NP) participants (n=11) who acted as positive controls. Angiolymphangiogenesis was examined using immunohistochemistry staining against CD31 (vascular endothelial cells), vascular endothelial growth factor-A, and D2-40 (lymphatic endothelial cells). Collagen and extracellular matrix proteins, such as heat shock protein-47 (collagen synthesis), matrix metalloproteinase-9, and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase-1, and alpha-smooth muscle actin (myofibroblasts) were evaluated as markers of upper airway remodelling using image analysis. Submucosal effector inflammatory cells as well as TGF-, activin, ALK-4 and SMAD2 were measured using immunohistochemistry. Results: Total nasal symptoms scores and quality of life were higher in PAR compared with healthy controls (P< 0.0001) in both NAE and RAC. Nasal secretion IL-4 (P< 0.01), IL-5, and IL-13 (P< 0.001) were significantly higher in PAR compared with healthy controls, with IL-5 increasing only in RAC. Submucosal eosinophils (P = 0.06) were increased in both NAE and RAC and neutrophils (p< 0.01) only in RAC. No differences were observed in angiogenesis, lymphangiogenesis, deposition of extracellular matrix, collagen markers, reticular basement membrane thickness, or glandular percentage area between PAR and healthy control subjects in either NAE or RAC models. TGF-p=0.04) and activin (p=0.01) were significantly raised in RAC with only TGF- (p=0.02) increasing in NAE. Conclusions: Although TGF- pathway markers may be altered, remodelling is not a feature of moderate-severe persistent allergic rhinitis.
‘Oumuamua è un frammento di un pianeta nano?
Creators: Luca Nardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

C’è chi ci ha visto una navicella aliena e chi una cometa interstellare: un nuovo studio ha mostrato come in realtà ‘Oumuamua potrebbe essere un frammento di un corpo planetario extrasolare simile a Plutone. I risultati sono stati pubblicati sul Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets
Road Damage Detection Based on Unsupervised Disparity Map Segmentation
Creators: name: Fan, Rui
name: Liu, Ming
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2019
Subjects: subject: Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (cs.CV)
subject: Machine Learning (cs.LG)
subject: Image and Video Processing (eess.IV)
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences
subject: FOS: Electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering

description: This paper presents a novel road damage detection algorithm based on unsupervised disparity map segmentation. Firstly, a disparity map is transformed by minimizing an energy function with respect to stereo rig roll angle and road disparity projection model. Instead of solving this energy minimization problem using non-linear optimization techniques, we directly find its numerical solution. The transformed disparity map is then segmented using Otus's thresholding method, and the damaged road areas can be extracted. The proposed algorithm requires no parameters when detecting road damage. The experimental results illustrate that our proposed algorithm performs both accurately and efficiently. The pixel-level road damage detection accuracy is approximately 97.56%.
description: 6 pages, 9 figures
Singular tachyon kinks from regular profiles
Creators: name: Copeland, E. J.
name: Saffin, P. M.
name: Steer, D. A.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2003
Subjects: subject: High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: We demonstrate how Sen's singular kink solution of the Born-Infeld tachyon action can be constructed by taking the appropriate limit of initially regular profiles. It is shown that the order in which different limits are taken plays an important role in determining whether or not such a solution is obtained for a wide class of potentials. Indeed, by introducing a small parameter into the action, we are able circumvent the results of a recent paper which derived two conditions on the asymptotic tachyon potential such that the singular kink could be recovered in the large amplitude limit of periodic solutions. We show that this is explained by the non-commuting nature of two limits, and that Sen's solution is recovered if the order of the limits is chosen appropriately.
description: 7 pages, 3 figures. References added
Buon compleanno, Arduino!
Creators: Maura Sandri
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Sabato 27 marzo si celebra l’Arduino Day, la festa di compleanno di Arduino, che riunisce le persone di tutto il mondo per condividere esperienze e scoprire nuove possibilità da realizzare con la famosa piattaforma open source. Anche l’Inaf sarà ufficialmente presente, alle ore 11, con una diretta YouTube della presentazione dell’attività “Le costellazioni con Arduino” proposta da Federico Di Giacomo
Towards human-centered artificial intelligence: learning from demonstration and meta-learning for model adaptation
Creators: name: Wang, Ruohan
Publisher: name: Imperial College London
Year: 2020

description: Human-centered artificial intelligence (AI) envisions a future where AI systems augment and cooperate with humans seamlessly. Towards this goal, AI systems, such as self-driving cars and artificial clinicians, need to imitate human expertise and self-adapt to novel situations or tasks. In this thesis, we propose machine learning methods to advance AI systems' abilities to imitate and adapt. The proposed methods combine principled theoretical motivation with deep learning's expressivity to obtain robust models with strong performances. For imitation learning (IL), we present a novel strategy based on support estimation, which computes a fixed reward and recasts IL as standard reinforcement learning (RL). Our approach improves computational efficiency and learning stability over adversarial IL methods. We also unify support estimation with adversarial IL by imposing a soft consistency constraint between them. The resulting framework combines their respective strengths and improves algorithmic stability and performance. Casting the problem of self-adaptation as meta-learning, we propose a novel meta-learning framework based on structured prediction. The proposed framework explicitly ranks past experiences with a new task and learns from the most relevant experiences. Our method can capture complex task distributions for improved generalization and offers a principled and interpretable mechanism for utilizing past experiences. Beyond standard benchmarks, we apply the methods developed in this thesis on two challenging tasks from intelligent vehicles, including imitating human driving behaviors and personalized monitoring of drivers' cognitive load. Compared to benchmarks, our proposed methods demonstrate improved learning ability and generalization performance. We also discuss future directions for our research.
Porania antarctica subsp. antarctica E. A. Smith 1876
Creators: name: Jangoux, Michel
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022
Subjects: Biodiversity
Taxonomy
Animalia
Echinodermata
Asteroidea
Valvatida
Poraniidae
Porania
Porania antarctica
Porania antarctica antarctica e. a. smith, 1876

description: armata Koehler, 1917, Porania
Porania armata Koehler, 1917: 43, pl. 7, figs 3, 4, 7, 12.
Porania antarctica antarctica ‒ Clark 1993: 232.
CURRENT STATUS. — Porania antarctica antarctica E. A. Smith, 1876.
TYPE MATERIAL. — Kerguelen • 2 syntypes; Kerguelen; Rallier du Baty leg.; 1913-1914; MNHN-IE-2014-274.
description: Published as part of Jangoux, Michel, 2022, The type specimens of extant asteroids (Echinodermata) in the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle of Paris, pp. 259-334 in Zoosystema 44 (11) on page 267, DOI: 10.5252/zoosystema2022v44a11, http://zenodo.org/record/6616817
Zorbing sulla Luna
Creators: Marco Malaspina
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Si chiama Dedalus ed è un robot sferico di circa mezzo metro di diametro pensato per esplorare in piena autonomia i condotti lavici lunari. Come? Rotolando. Il progetto è stato selezionato dall’Esa per uno studio di fattibilità, e la camera stereoscopica che ospita al suo interno è ideata da un team guidato da Claudio Pernechele dell’Inaf di Padova
title: Bank Improvements (NWS-2022-463-WRD, King County Department of Natural Resources)
titleType: AlternativeTitle
title: Endangered Species Act Section 7(a)(2) Biological Opinion and Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation and Management Act Essential Fish Habitat Response for the Belmondo Levee Repair and Habitat Improvement Project (NWS-2022-784-WRD), the Herzman to Camp Freeman Repair and Restoration Project (NWS-2023-36-WRD), and Stossel Right Bank Revetment Improvement Project (NWS-2022-463-WRD).
Creators: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Publisher: name: United States. National Marine Fisheries Service. West Coast Region
Year: 2024

description: WCRO-2023-00533 ; WCRO-2022-03082 ; WCRO-2023-00418
Lontani echi luminosi da una supernova
Creators: Laura Leonardi
Publisher: name: Media Inaf
Year: 2021

Il Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer della Nasa ha rilevato l’onda d’urto del resto di una fra le supernove più affascinanti e studiate di sempre: Cassiopeia A. L’immagine in falsi colori ci regala un’affascinante visione dell’onda d’urto generata dall'esplosione mentre attraversa lo spazio interstellare
1KYUSI: A CENTRALIZED WEB-BASED INFORMATION MANAGEMENT SYSTEM FOR THE LOCAL GOVERNMENT OF QUEZON CITY
Creators: name: SIMBULAN, MARTIN JOSEPH W.
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2022

description: This paper aims to design and develop a centralized web-based management information system for efficient and accessible record keeping that will in turn, improve the delivery of basic social services by the local government units and their preparedness for disaster response. 1Kyusi will therefore serve as the data bank of every person residing in every barangay in Quezon City. The system aims to have an updated record of every individual but still adheres to Republic Act 10173 or the Data Privacy Act of 2012. 1Kyusi will greatly impact the project initiatives and disaster response of the Quezon City local government through its implementation at the barangay level under the management of the local government.