cometadata/datacite-rtg-text-other-reclassification-records huggingface dataset:
On free energy barriers in Gaussian priors and failure of MCMC for high-dimensional unimodal distributions
Creators: name: Bandeira, Afonso S.
name: Maillard, Antoine
name: Nickl, Richard
name: Wang, Sven
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Statistics Theory (math.ST)
Numerical Analysis (math.NA)
Probability (math.PR)
Machine Learning (stat.ML)
FOS: Mathematics
FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: We exhibit examples of high-dimensional unimodal posterior distributions arising in non-linear regression models with Gaussian process priors for which worst-case (`cold start') initialised MCMC methods typically take an exponential run-time to enter the regions where the bulk of the posterior measure concentrates. The counter-examples hold for general MCMC schemes based on gradient or random walk steps, and the theory is illustrated for Metropolis-Hastings adjusted methods such as pCN and MALA.
description: arXiv
Dependence of the ratio of total to visible mass on observable properties of SDSS MaNGA galaxies
Creators: name: Douglass, Kelly A.
name: Demina, Regina
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Using spectroscopic observations from the SDSS MaNGA DR15, we study the relationships between the ratio of total to visible mass and various parameters characterizing the evolution and environment of the galaxies in this survey. Measuring the rotation curve with the relative velocities of the H-alpha emission line across the galaxy's surface, we estimate each galaxy's total mass. We develop a statistical model to describe the observed distribution in the ratio of total to visible mass, from which we extract a galaxy's most probable value for this mass ratio. We present the relationships between the ratio of total to visible mass and several characteristics describing galactic evolution, such as luminosity, gas-phase metallicity, distance to the nearest neighbor, and position on the color-magnitude diagram. We find that faint galaxies with low metallicities, typically in the blue cloud, have the highest ratios of total to visible mass. Those galaxies that exhibit the second highest ratios of total to visible mass are the brightest with high metallicities, typically members of the red sequence or green valley. AGN activity is likely both the quenching mechanism and the feedback that drives the mass ratio higher in these massive galaxies. Finally, we introduce a parametrization that predicts a galaxy's ratio of total to visible mass based on its photometry and luminosity.
description: 19 pages, 21 figures, accepted in ApJ
That Depends – Assessing User Perceptions of Authentication Schemes across Contexts of Use
Creators: name: Zimmermann, Verena
name: Gerber, Paul
name: Stöver, Alina
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Authentication
Context of Use
User Perceptions

description: Choosing authentication schemes for a specific purpose is challenging for service providers, developers, and researchers. Previous ratings of technical and objective aspects showed that available schemes all have strengths and limitations. Yet, the security of authentication also relies on user perceptions which affect acceptance and user behaviour and can deviate from technical aspects. To shine light on the issue and support researchers, developers, and service-providers confronted with authentication choice, we conducted an in-depth analysis of user perceptions of the password, fingerprint, and a smartphone-based scheme in an online study with 201 participants. As authentication is a secondary task that needs to be evaluated in the context of authentication purpose, we also compared perceptions across four contexts of use with varying sensitivity levels: email accounts, online banking, social networks, and smart homes. The results revealed how perceptions of usability, security, privacy, trust, effort, and qualitative features of the schemes are related to user preferences. The results increase awareness for the influence of subjective perceptions and have practical implications for decision-makers. They can inform a) the choice between several adequate schemes, b) the authentication design to reduce concerns or security-related misconceptions, and c) the development of context-dependent authentication.
description: arXiv
Deep Learning Prediction of Adverse Drug Reactions Using Open TG-GATEs and FAERS Databases
Creators: name: Mohsen, Attayeb
name: Tripathi, Lokesh P.
name: Mizuguchi, Kenji
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Genomics (q-bio.GN)
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: With the advancements in Artificial intelligence (AI) and the accumulation of healthrelated big data, it has become increasingly feasible and commonplace to leverage machine learning technologies to analyze clinical and omics metadata to assess the possibility of adverse drug reactions or events (ADRs) in the course of drug discovery. Here, we have described a novel approach that combined drug-induced gene expression profile from Open TG-GATEs (Toxicogenomics Project-Genomics Assisted Toxicity Evaluation Systems) and ADR occurrence information from FAERS (FDA [Food and Drug Administration] Adverse Events Reporting System) database to predict the likelihood of ADRs. We generated a total of 14 models using Deep Neural Networks (DNN) to predict different ADRs; in the validation tests, our models achieved a mean accuracy of 85.71%, indicating that our approach successfully and consistently predicted ADRs for a wide range of drugs. As an example, we have described the ADR model in the context of Duodenal ulcer. We believe that our models will help predict the likelihood of ADRs while testing novel pharmaceutical compounds, and will be useful for researchers in drug discovery.
Supplementary Material S3 from Evolution of bacterial recombinase A (recA) in eukaryotes explained by addition of genomic data of key microbial lineages
Creators: name: Hofstatter, Paulo G.
name: Tice, Alexander K.
name: Seungho Kang
name: Brown, Matthew W.
name: Lahr, Daniel J. G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Table listing all newly deposited GenBank accession numbers, as well as previously published sequences used in the study
title: 01_0075
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Denis Olivennes, chef d’entreprise, haut fonctionnaire, médias
Creators: name: Leibowitch, Jacques (1942-2020)
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2020

description: 1 fichier (2 pages).
Degree 2 cohomological invariants of linear algebraic groups
Creators: name: Lourdeaux, Alexandre
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Algebraic Geometry (math.AG)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 14F20, 14F22, 20G10, 20G15

description: The paper deals with the cohomological invariants of smooth and connected linear algebraic groups over an arbitrary field. More precisely, we study degree $2$ invariants with coefficients $\mathbb{Q}/\mathbb{Z}(1)$, that is invariants taking values in the Brauer group. Our main tool is the étale cohomology of sheaves on simplicial schemes. We get a description of these invariants for \emph{every} smooth and connected linear groups, in particular for non reductive groups over an imperfect field.
description: 29 pages, preprint
Supp_Figure_2 from Temporal patterns of local adaptation in soil Pseudomonads
Creators: name: Kraemer, Susanne A.
name: Rees Kassen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Strong divergent selection leading to local adaptation is often invoked to explain the staggering diversity of bacteria in microbial ecosystems. However, examples of specialization by bacterial clones to alternative niches in nature are rare. Here, we investigate the extent of local adaptation in natural isolates of Pseudomonads and their relatives to their soil environments across both space and time. Though most isolates grew well in most environments, patchily distributed low-quality environments were found to drive specialization. In contrast with experimental evolution work on microbial adaptation, temporal adaptation was stronger than spatial adaptation among the isolates and environments we sampled. Time-shift analysis of fitness across two seasons of growth revealed an unexpectedly strong effect of preadaptation. This pattern of apparent future adaptation may be caused by unknown abiotic properties of these environments, phages, bacterial competitors or general mechanisms of ecological niche release, and warrants future study.
Biobjective optimization for railway alignment fine-grained designs with parallel existing railways
Creators: name: Gao, Yan
name: Zhang, Tianlong
name: Zhu, Caiyiyi
name: Yang, Shusheng
name: Schonfeld, Paul
name: Zou, Kai
name: Zhang, Jialing
name: Zhu, Ying
name: Wang, Ping
name: He, Qing
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: Urban high-speed railway construction is complex due to limited land resources, high population density, and potential construction risks, especially when new tracks are parallelly aligned to operational railways. Addressing a gap in current literature on fine optimization of manual alignment in such scenarios, this paper introduces a biobjective approximate fine-grained optimization model for railway alignments (BA-FORA). Utilizing an approximate dynamic programming (ADP) method, BA-FORA effectively searches the feasible region to approach a global optimum, overcoming the dimensionality challenges inherent in standard dynamic programming (DP). This paper presents a biobjective optimization framework that takes into account both construction cost and construction risk adjacent to existing operating railways (CRAEOR), offering a method for the fine-grained design of new railways adjacent to existing railways. Finally, the proposed BA-FORA framework is applied to practical cases, demonstrating its superior optimization performance. The findings indicate that the BA-FORA model can autonomously investigate and enhance railway alignment. It generates cost-effective and low-risk solutions exceeding manual efforts, ensuring alignment constraint compliance.
Sedimentological characterisation and provenance analysis of the pre-collisional Betic & Rif turbidite systems
Creators: name: Koch, Heike
Publisher: name: Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Bonn
Year: 2024
Subjects: subject: Turbidite
subject: Maghrebinisches Becken
subject: submarine Fächer
subject: Ichnofossilien
subject: Campo de Gibraltar-Komplex
subject: Turbidites
subject: Maghrebian Basin
subject: submarine fan
subject: ichnofossils
subject: Campo de Gibraltar Complex
subject: Flysch Trough Units
subject: ddc:550

description: (noch nicht zugänglich / not yet accessible)
Quadratic Points on Non-Split Cartan Modular Curves
Creators: name: Michaud-Rodgers, Philippe
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Number Theory (math.NT)
subject: FOS: Mathematics
subject: 11G05, 11G18, 14G05

description: In this paper we study quadratic points on the non-split Cartan modular curves $X_{ns}(p)$, for $p = 7, 11,$ and $13$. Recently, Siksek proved that all quadratic points on $X_{ns}(7)$ arise as pullbacks of rational points on $X_{ns}^+(7)$. Using similar techniques for $p=11$, and employing a version of Chabauty for symmetric powers of curves for $p=13$, we show that the same holds for $X_{ns}(11)$ and $X_{ns}(13)$. As a consequence, we prove that certain classes of elliptic curves over quadratic fields are modular.
description: 18 pages. To appear in International Journal of Number Theory. Minor corrections and rewriting. Slightly improved sieving step and more computation details included
Preface: Technical Commission II
Creators: name: Yilmaz, Alper
name: Wegner, Jan Dirk
name: Qin, Rongjun
name: Remondino, Fabio
name: Fuse, Takashi
name: Toschi, Isabella
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: XXIV ISPRS Congress “Imaging Today, Foreseeing Tomorrow”, Commission II
Quantum speed limits for time evolution of a system subspace
Creators: name: Albeverio, Sergio
name: Motovilov, Alexander K.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Quantum Physics (quant-ph)
subject: Mathematical Physics (math-ph)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences
subject: Primary 47D06, Secondary 34G10

description: One of the fundamental physical limits on the speed of time evolution of a quantum state is known in the form of the celebrated Mandelstam-Tamm inequality. This inequality gives an answer to the question on how fast an isolated quantum system can evolve from its initial state to an orthogonal one. In its turn, the Fleming bound is an extension of the Mandelstam-Tamm inequality that gives an optimal speed bound for the evolution between non-orthogonal initial and final states. In the present work, we are concerned not with a single state but with a whole (possibly infinite-dimensional) subspace of the system states that are subject to the Schroedinger evolution. By using the concept of maximal angle between subspaces we derive an optimal estimate on the speed of such a subspace evolution that may be viewed as a natural generalization of the Fleming bound.
Climate change quadruples flood-causing extreme monsoon rainfall events in Bangladesh and northeast India
Creators: name: Fahad, Abdullah A.
name: Hasan, Mahdi
name: Sharmili, Noshin
name: Islam, Shammunul
name: Swenson, Erik T.
name: Roxy, M. K.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2023

description: Bangladesh and northeast India are the most densely populated regions in the world where severe floods as a result of extreme rainfall events kill hundreds of people and cause socio-economic losses regularly. Owing to local high topography, the moisture-carrying monsoon winds converge near southeast Bangladesh (SEB) and northeast Bangladesh and India (NEBI), which produces significant extreme rainfall events from May to October. Using observed data, we find an increasing trend of 1-day extreme event (>150 mm/day-1) frequency during 1950–2021. The extreme rainfall events quadrupled over western Meghalaya (affecting NEBI) and coastal SEB during this period. Composite analysis indicates that warm Bay of Bengal sea-surface temperature intensifies the lower tropospheric moisture transport and flux through the low-level jet (LLJ) to inland, where mountain-forced moisture converges and precipitates as rainfall during extreme events. To understand the role of climate change, we use high-resolution downscaled models from Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6 (CMIP6). We find that the monsoon extreme event increase is ongoing and the region of quadrupled events further extends over the NEBI and SEB in the future (2050–2079) compared with historical simulations (1950–1979). A quadrupling of the intense daily moisture transport episodes due to increased LLJ instability, a northward shift of LLJ, and increased moisture contribute to the increased future extreme events. This dynamic process causes moisture to be transported to the NEBI from the southern Bay of Bengal, and the local thermodynamic response to climate change contributes to the increased extreme rainfall events. The CMIP6 projection indicates that more devastating flood-causing extreme rainfall events will become more frequent in the future.
GDI: D1.3 - Guidelines for creating a national 1+MG communications and outreach strategy for citizens and healthcare professionals
Creators: name: Harrison, Elaine
name: Tseng, Zippy
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2024
Subjects: GDI
European Genomic Data Infrastructure
1+MG
1+Million Genomes Initiative
B1MG
Communication strategy
Outreach strategy
citizens engagement
Healthcare professionals
National strategy
Public health awareness
Health communication

description: The Guidelines for creating a national 1+MG communications and outreach strategy for citizens and healthcare professionals guides signatory countries of the 1+ Million Genomes (1+MG) initiative in the creation of a communications and outreach strategy for citizens and healthcare professionals at the national level.

The guidelines are targeted at communications and engagement professionals who have detailed knowledge of their national setting and require help understanding the aims of the 1+ Million Genomes initiative and guidance on how best to focus their efforts. Along with information on key messages, there are example factsheets for citizens and healthcare professionals, a communications and outreach strategy template, an action plan and a list of additional resources. A series of three short outreach videos will be made available for use at the national level in early 2025.

Each country in the 1+ Million Genomes initiative will have their own approach to citizen and healthcare professional engagement, based on their expertise, experience and national context. The 1+MG Special Group, which contains representatives from each country, will act as a focal point for sharing good practices and pan-European learning.

The guidelines are produced by the European Genomic Data Infrastructure (GDI) project, which is implementing the  1+ Million Genomes infrastructure. It also includes recommendations from the Beyond 1 Million Genomes (B1MG) project, which defined the structure of the infrastructure.
Greenland and Canadian Arctic ice temperature profiles
Creators: name: Løkkegaard, Anja
name: Mankoff, Kenneth
name: Zdanowicz, Christian
name: Clow, Gary D.
name: Lüthi, Martin P.
name: Doyle, Samuel
name: Thomsen, Henrik
name: Fisher, David
name: Harper, Joel
name: Aschwanden, Andy
name: Vinther, Bo M.
name: Dahl-Jensen, Dorthe
name: Zekollari, Harry
name: Meierbachtol, Toby
name: McDowell, Ian
name: Humphrey, Neil
name: Solgaard, Anne
name: Karlsson, Nanna B.
name: Khan, Shfaqat Abbas
name: Hills, Benjamin
name: Law, Robert
name: Hubbard, Bryn
name: Christoffersen, Poul
name: Jacquemart, Mylène
name: Fausto, Roberto S.
name: Colgan, William T.
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: Here, we present a compilation of 85 ice temperature profiles from 79 boreholes from the Greenland Ice Sheet and peripheral ice caps, as well as local ice caps in the Canadian Arctic. Only 25 profiles (32 %) were previously available in open-access data repositories. The remaining 54 profiles (68 %) are being made digitally available here for the first time. These newly available profiles, which are associated with pre-2010 boreholes, have been submitted by community members or digitized from published graphics and/or data tables. All 85 profiles are now made available in both absolute (meters) and normalized (0 to 1 ice thickness) depth scales, and are accompanied by extensive metadata. This metadata includes a transparent description of data provenance. The ice temperature profiles span 70 years, with the earliest profile being from 1950 at Camp VI, West Greenland. To highlight the value of this database in evaluating ice flow simulations, we compare the ice temperature profiles from the Greenland Ice Sheet with an ice flow simulation by the Parallel Ice Sheet Model (PISM). We find a cold bias in modeled near-surface ice temperatures within the ablation area, a warm bias in modeled basal ice temperatures at inland cold-bedded sites, and an apparent underestimation of deformational heating in high-strain settings. These biases provide process-level insight on simulated ice temperatures.
description: The Cryosphere Discussions
description: ISSN:1994-0432
description: ISSN:1994-0440
Polytopal balls arising in optimization
Creators: name: Deza, Antoine
name: Hiriart-Urruty, Jean-Baptiste
name: Pournin, Lionel
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Metric Geometry (math.MG)
subject: Combinatorics (math.CO)
subject: Optimization and Control (math.OC)
subject: FOS: Mathematics

description: We study a family of polytopes and their duals, that appear in various optimization problems as the unit balls for certain norms. These two families interpolate between the hypercube, the unit ball for the $\infty$-norm, and its dual cross-polytope, the unit ball for the $1$-norm. We give combinatorial and geometric properties of both families of polytopes such as their $f$-vector, their volume, and the volume of their boundary.
description: 16 pages, 2 figures
Appendices S1-S6 from Density-dependent changes in effective area occupied for sea-bottom-associated marine fishes
Creators: name: Thorson, James T.
name: Rindorf, Anna
name: Gao, Jin
name: Hanselman, Dana
name: Winker, Henning
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Environmental Science
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences

description: The spatial distribution of marine fishes can change for many reasons including density-dependent distributional shifts. Previous studies show mixed support for either the proportional-density model, PDM (no relationship between abundance and area occupied, supported by ideal-free distribution theory) or the basin model, BM (positive abundance–area relationship, supported by density-dependent habitat selection theory). The BM implies that fishes move towards preferred habitat as the population declines. We estimate the average relationship using bottom trawl data for 92 fish species from six marine regions, to determine whether the BM or PDM provides a better description for sea-bottom-associated fishes. We fit a spatio-temporal model and estimate changes in effective area occupied and abundance, and combine results to estimate the average abundance–area relationship as well as variability among taxa and regions. The average relationship is weak but significant (0.6% increase in area for a 10% increase in abundance), whereas only a small proportion of species–region combinations show a negative relationship (i.e. shrinking area when abundance increases). Approximately one-third of combinations (34.6%) are predicted to increase in area more than 1% for every 10% increase in abundance. We therefore infer that population density generally changes faster than effective area occupied during abundance changes. Gadiforms have the strongest estimated relationship (average 1.0% area increase for every 10% abundance increase) followed by Pleuronectiformes and Scorpaeniformes, and the Eastern Bering Sea shows a strong relationship between abundance and area occupied relative to other regions. We conclude that the BM explains a small but important portion of spatial dynamics for sea-bottom-associated fishes, and that many individual populations merit cautious management during population declines, because a compressed range may increase the efficiency of harvest.
title: Le Mariage
Creators: name: Althabégoïty, Galla
Publisher: name: COCOON - https://cocoon.huma-num.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2021
Subjects: subject: ngbugu
subject: lnl

description: Conforms to: doi:10.34847/cocoon.49aefa90-8c1f-3ba8-a099-0ebefc6a2aa7
BANK KREDITLARINING AHOLI BANDLIGIGA VA IQTISODIY O'SISHGA TA'SIRI ("IPAK YO'LI BANK" AITB)
Creators: name: Muradov, Bexzod
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2025

description: Mamlakatda amalga oshirilayotgan iqtisodiy islohotlarning asosiy maqsadi — aholi farovonligini oshirish, barqaror iqtisodiy o‘sishni ta’minlash va yangi ish o‘rinlarini yaratishdan iborat. Bu jarayonda moliyaviy vositalar, xususan tijorat banklarining kredit siyosati muhim strategik vosita sifatida qaralmoqda. Ayniqsa, kichik va o‘rta biznes subyektlarini qo‘llab-quvvatlash, tadbirkorlik faoliyatini rag‘batlantirish va real sektorni moliyalashtirish orqali iqtisodiy faollik oshirilmoqda.
Black hole spin evolution in warped accretion discs
Creators: name: Cenci, Elia
name: Sala, Luca
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Dotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Massive black holes (BHs) inhabiting galactic nuclei can be described by two parameters only, i.e. mass and spin, that change through cosmic time in response to accretion and merger events. While most numerical simulations accurately track the BH mass, spin evolution is rarely taken into account. In this work, we implement and validate a self-consistent sub-grid model for the evolution of the BH mass and spin via gas accretion in the hydrodynamics code GIZMO. The model assumes that accretion from resolved scales does not occur instantaneously, but is mediated by a sub-grid geometrically thin $α$-disc. After validating our model semi-analytically, we test it in an idealized environment consisting of a circumnuclear disc, where gas accretion onto the accretion disc is consistently determined by GIZMO. In the absence of any accretion-related feedback, the spin evolution closely traces that observed in the semi-analytical models and depends on the free parameters of our implementation, such as the initial BH spin, angular momentum of the accretion disc, and the radius at which the gas inflow circularises. In GIZMO, we also couple our model with the biconical-outflow model presented in a companion paper, wherein the feedback axis is always aligned with the BH spin. In this last case, the evolution of the central BH differs significantly from the previous cases, since the feedback process modifies the gas dynamics and its inflow rates from resolved scales. Such an interaction cannot be modeled by simple semi-analytical models and should be treated using full N-body hydrodynamical simulations.
description: 10 pages, 5 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Updated with published version, minimal changes
Repenser l'impôt pour recréer une société cohésive. L'impôt est protection1/...
Creators: name: Liébart, Déborah
Publisher: name: Zenodo
Year: 2020
Subjects: Impôt, fiscalité, justice, société inclusive, cohésive, cohésion sociale, répartition, assiette fiscale, protection

description: Aujourd’hui, je vous propose de commencer un nouveau cycle de réflexions et de débats sur la question fiscale, débats réactivés en France par le mouvement des gilets jaunes et plus largement en Europe à travers divers mouvements ces dernières années. Lorsque j’ai commencé à étudier la question de l’impôt, mon questionnement était de comprendre ce qui motivait les révoltes anti-fiscales à l’époque moderne : de la Fronde, à la révolte du papier timbré et des Bonnets rouges, des événements de 1738-1739 à la crise de subsistance de 1740 et à la guerre des farines lors de laquelle la rumeur dénonce un nouveau « pacte de famine », selon l’expression de Prévost de Beaumont. Mon fil conducteur, interrogeant les archives des dépôts nationaux et régionaux, était de savoir ce qui motivait ces mouvements de foules : menées politiques lançant rumeurs et publiant libelles contre la monarchie..., réaction populaire aux édits royaux et locaux créant ou augmentant des impôts..., dénonciation de la suspicion quotidienne de commis de la régie financièrement intéressés à la levée des amendes et prélevant injustement des sommes plus élevées que celles réellement dues..., critique de la levée du secret des familles et du secret des affaires par des commis à la ferme multipliant les visites domiciliaires..., permanence d’impôts qui légalement ne devaient être que temporaires… A l’heure où le discours économique dominant remobilise les écrits d’Adam Smith pour légitimer ses prises de décisions et ses actions, j’ai eu envie de vous parler à nouveau de la main invisible et d’un autre économiste, Jean-Joseph Louis Graslin, ce receveur général des fermes, opposant aux théories physiocrates et plus largement aux théories libérales en pleine expansion à son époque, méconnu du grand public, comme beaucoup d’auteurs hétérodoxes relégués par la discipline comme des auteurs mineurs ou marginaux.
Non-isotropic feedback from accreting spinning black holes
Creators: name: Sala, Luca
name: Cenci, Elia
name: Capelo, Pedro R.
name: Lupi, Alessandro
name: Dotti, Massimo
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
subject: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO)
subject: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Active galactic nuclei (AGN) are massive black holes (BHs) caught in the act of accreting gas at the centre of their host galaxies. Part of the accreting mass is converted to energy and released into the surrounding medium, in a process loosely referred to as AGN feedback. Most numerical simulations include AGN feedback as a sub-grid model, wherein energy or momentum (or both) is coupled to the nearby gas. In this work, we implement a new momentum-driven model in the hydrodynamics code GIZMO, in which accretion from large scales is mediated by a sub-grid accretion disc model, and gas particles are stochastically kicked over a bi-conical region, to mimic observed kinetic winds. The feedback cone's axis can be set either parallel to the angular momentum of the gas surrounding the BH or to the BH spin direction, which is self-consistently evolved within the accretion-disc model. Using a circumnuclear disc (CND) as a test bed, we find that (i) the conical shape of the outflow is always visible and is weakly dependent on the launching orientation and aperture, resulting in comparable mass inflows and outflows; (ii) the cone's orientation is also similar amongst our tests, and it is not always the same as the initial value, due to the interaction with the CND playing a crucial role in shaping the outflow; and (iii) the velocity of the outflow, instead, differs and strongly depends on the interplay with the CND.
description: 14 pages, 6 figures, accepted for publication in MNRAS. Updated with published version, minimal changes
title: 02_1463
Creators: name: Wesley Baldwin, John
name: Baldwin, John W.
Publisher: name: NAKALA - https://nakala.fr (Huma-Num - CNRS)
publisherIdentifier: https://ror.org/04ces3204
publisherIdentifierScheme: ROR
Year: 2018
Subjects: subject: LaMOP
subject: Laboratoire de Médiévistique Occidentale de Paris

description: L'ensemble de ces notes ont été crée par John Baldwin lors d'une de ses premières périodes de résidence à Paris. Ces documents comprennent tous les magistri qu’il avait pu rencontrer dans ses sources. Aux XIIème et XIIIème siècles, les universités n'existant pas encore, le titre de magister s'il évoque certainement une compétence n'est pas rattaché de façon systématique au passage par les écoles. De surcroît, les magistris sont le plus souvent désignés par leur seul prénom. La lecture de ces données est donc difficile et suppose un long travail pour tenter d'identifier un individu auquel on pourrait rattacher plusieurs mentions. John Baldwin avait donc renoncé à utiliser ces données pour donner un prolongement à sa magnifique étude sur les gradués d'université et leur emploi par les Capétiens et les Plantagenêts. Néanmoins, il a conservé ces données et elles sont potentiellement très utile dans le cadre de Studium, comme le sont toutes les mentions dans les volumes des Fasti Ecclesiae Gallicanae de chanoines portant ce titre de magister sans autres précisions. L'ampleur des dépouillements rend ces données très utiles et nous devons une grande reconnaissance à John Baldwin pour avoir pris la peine de faire photocopier ses fiches et de nous les avoir transmises amicalement.
Les données ainsi que les images des fiches sont accessibles sur le site Internet à l'adresse suivante : http://studium-baldwin.lamop.fr/.
Les transcriptions des fiches ont été effectuées par des étudiants de Paris 1 Panthéon - Sorbonne mais elles n'ont pas été corrigées par la suite.
description: Relation: https://lamop.hypotheses.org/
Field-enhancing tapered planarized waveguides for THz quantum cascade laser frequency combs
Creators: name: Senica, Urban
name: Forrer, Andres
name: Olariu, Tudor
name: Micheletti, Paolo
name: Cibella, Sara
name: Torrioli, Guido
name: Beck, Mattias
name: Faist, Jérôme
name: Scalari, Giacomo
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022

description: We present a new planarized waveguide geometry for THz quantum cascade laser frequency combs with improved waveguide losses, RF and thermal dissipation properties. Ridge devices display broadband free-running comb states, and the THz emission can be further broadened by RF injection. Tapered waveguide devices feature a strong field-enhancement effect, which results in an improved comb performance. This includes free-running comb states with strong single beatnotes up to nearly -30 dBm at 90 K, almost three orders of magnitude stronger than for ridge devices. Improved comb operation is maintained also for high operating temperatures, up to 115 K.
description: EPJ Web of Conferences, 266
description: ISSN:2100-014X
description: ISSN:2101-6275
description: EOS Annual Meeting (EOSAM 2022)
Supplementary Material Figure S1 from Evolution of bacterial recombinase A (recA) in eukaryotes explained by addition of genomic data of key microbial lineages
Creators: name: Hofstatter, Paulo G.
name: Tice, Alexander K.
name: Seungho Kang
name: Brown, Matthew W.
name: Lahr, Daniel J. G.
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: 60102 Bioinformatics
subject: FOS: Computer and information sciences

description: Uncollapsed Maximum Likelihood reconstruction of recA genes surveyed
Experimental demonstration of multimode microresonator sensing by machine learning
Creators: name: Lu, Jin
name: Niu, Rui
name: Wan, Shuai
name: Dong, Chun-Hua
name: Le, Zichun
name: Qin, Yali
name: Hu, Yingtian
name: Hu, Weisheng
name: Zou, Chang-Ling
name: Ren, and Hongliang
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Applied Physics (physics.app-ph)
subject: Optics (physics.optics)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: A multimode microcavity sensor based on a self-interference microring resonator is demonstrated experimentally. The proposed multimode sensing method is implemented by recording wideband transmission spectra that consist of multiple resonant modes. It is different from the previous dissipative sensing scheme, which aims at measuring the transmission depth changes of a single resonant mode in a microcavity. Here, by combining the dissipative sensing mechanism and the machine learning algorithm, the multimode sensing information extracted from a broadband spectrum can be efficiently fused to estimate the target parameter. The multimode sensing method is immune to laser frequency noises and robust against system imperfection, thus our work presents a great step towards practical applications of microcavity sensors outside the research laboratory. The voltage applied across the microheater on the chip was adjusted to bring its influence on transmittance through the thermo-optic effects. As a proof-of-principle experiment, the voltage was detected by the multimode sensing approach. The experimental results demonstrate that the limit of detection of the multimode sensing by the general regression neural network is reduced to 6.7% of that of single-mode sensing within a large measuring range.
description: 9 pages, 7 figures
Enhancing Landsat image based aboveground biomass estimation of black locust with scale bias-corrected LiDAR AGB map and stratified sampling
Creators: name: Qin, Shuhong
name: Wang, Hong
name: Li, Xiuneng
name: Gao, Jay
name: Jin, Jiaxin
name: Li, Yongtao
name: Lu, Jinbo
name: Meng, Pengyu
name: Sun, Jing
name: Song, Zhenglin
name: Donev, Petar
name: Ma, Zhangfeng
Publisher: name: Taylor & Francis
Year: 2023
Subjects: subject: Space Science
subject: Neuroscience
subject: Biotechnology
subject: Environmental Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Ecology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Biological Sciences not elsewhere classified
subject: Information Systems not elsewhere classified

description: There is a growing interest in leveraging LiDAR-generated forest Aboveground Biomass (LG-AGB) data as a reference to retrieve AGB from satellite observations. However, the biases arising from the upscaling process and the impact of the sampling strategy on model accuracy still need to be resolved. In this study, we first corrected the bias arising from upscaling the LG-AGB map to match the spatial resolution of Landsat observations. Subsequently, the stratified random sampling method was used to select training samples from the corrected LG-AGB map (cLG-AGB) for the Random Forest (RF) regression model. The RF model features were extracted from the Landsat observations and auxiliary data. The impact of strata numbers on model accuracy was explored during the sampling process. Finally, independent validation was conducted using in situ measurements. The results indicated that: (1) about 68% of the biases can be corrected in the up-scale transformation; (2) compared to no stratification, a three-strata model achieved a 6.5% improvement in AGB estimation accuracy while requiring a 37.8% reduction in sample size; (3) the black locust forest had a low saturation point at 60.52 ± 4.46 Mg/ha AGB and 72.4% AGB values were underestimated and the remaining were overestimated. In summary, our study provides a framework to harmonize near-surface LiDAR and satellite data for AGB estimation in plantation forest ecosystems with small patch sizes and fragmented distribution.
Correlation of plastic events with local structure in jammed packings across spatial dimensions
Creators: name: Ridout, Sean A.
name: Rocks, Jason W.
name: Liu, Andrea J.
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: In jammed packings, it is usually thought that local structure only plays a significant role in specific regimes. The standard deviation of the relative excess coordination, $σ_Z/ Z_\mathrm{c}$, decays like $1/\sqrt{d}$, so that local structure should play no role in high spatial dimensions. Furthermore, in any fixed dimension $d \geq 2$, there are diverging length scales as the pressure vanishes approaching the unjamming transition, again suggesting that local structure should not be sufficient to describe response. Here we challenge the assumption that local structure does not matter in these cases. In simulations of jammed packings under athermal, quasistatic shear, we use machine learning to identify a local structural variable, softness, that correlates with rearrangements in dimensions $d=2$ to $d=5$. We find that softness - and even just the coordination number $Z$ - are quite predictive of rearrangements over a wide range of pressures, all the way down to unjamming, in all $d$ studied. This result provides direct evidence that local structure can play a role in higher spatial dimensions.
description: 8 pages, 8 figures
In Situ Epitaxy of Pure Phase Ultra-Thin InAs-Al Nanowires for Quantum Devices
Creators: name: Pan, Dong
name: Song, Huading
name: Zhang, Shan
name: Liu, Lei
name: Wen, Lianjun
name: Liao, Dunyuan
name: Zhuo, Ran
name: Wang, Zhichuan
name: Zhang, Zitong
name: Yang, Shuai
name: Ying, Jianghua
name: Miao, Wentao
name: Li, Yongqing
name: Shang, Runan
name: Zhang, Hao
name: Zhao, Jianhua
Publisher: name: arXiv
Year: 2020
Subjects: subject: Materials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)
subject: FOS: Physical sciences

description: Hybrid semiconductor-superconductor InAs-Al nanowires with uniform and defect-free crystal interfaces are one of the most promising candidates used in the quest for Majorana zero modes (MZMs). However, InAs nanowires often exhibit a high density of randomly distributed twin defects and stacking faults, which result in an uncontrolled and non-uniform InAs-Al interface. Furthermore, this type of disorder can create potential inhomogeneity in the wire, destroy the topological gap, and form trivial sub-gap states mimicking MZM in transport experiments. Further study shows that reducing the InAs nanowire diameter from growth can significantly suppress the formation of these defects and stacking faults. Here, we demonstrate the in situ growth of ultra-thin InAs nanowires with epitaxial Al film by molecular-beam epitaxy. Our InAs diameter (~ 30 nm) is only one-third of the diameters (~ 100 nm) commonly used in literatures. The ultra-thin InAs nanowires are pure phase crystals for various different growth directions, suggesting a low level of disorder. Transmission electron microscopy confirms an atomically sharp and uniform interface between the Al shell and the InAs wire. Quantum transport study on these devices resolves a hard induced superconducting gap and $2e^-$ periodic Coulomb blockade at zero magnetic field, a necessary step for future MZM experiments. A large zero bias conductance peak with a peak height reaching 80% of $2e^2/h$ is observed.
description: 36 pages, 20 figures
An ultra-fast field delivery with PSI’s Gantry-2 to achieve hypofractionated PBS proton therapy within a single breath-hold for lung cancer
Creators: name: Maradia, Vivek
name: van de Water, Steven
name: Meer, David
name: Weber, Damien Charles
name: Lomax, Antony John
name: Psoroulas, Serena
Publisher: name: ETH Zurich
Year: 2022
Subjects: Cancer
Medical physics
Lung cancer
high dose rate
Proton Therapy
Gantry
gantry beam optics
Treatment planning

description: Purpose
The use of motion mitigation techniques such as breath-hold can reduce the dosimetric uncertainty of lung cancer proton therapy. We studied the feasibility of hypofractionated pencil beam scanning (PBS) proton therapy field delivery within a single breath-hold at PSI’s Gantry 2. Treatment delivery time in PBS proton therapy depends on beam-on time and the dead time between proton spots (time required to change the energy and/or lateral spot position). We studied ways to reduce beam-on and lateral scanning time, without sacrificing dosimetric plan quality, aiming at a single field delivery time of 15 seconds at maximum. We tested this approach on ten lung cancer cases with varying target volumes (PTV volume range 137-379 cm3).
Methods
To reduce the beam-on time, we increased the beam current at the isocenter by developing new beam optics for PSI’s PROSCAN beamline and Gantry 2. Experimentally we obtained up to factor 5 higher transmission for all proton energies. To reduce the dead time between the spots, we used spot-reduced plan optimization. First, a 3-field SFUD treatment plan was generated for all 10 cases using the in-house clinical planning system ‘PSIplan’. Spot-reduced plans were subsequently generated while mimicking relevant dosimetric plan parameters of the clinical plans to ensure comparable plan quality. The spot reduction technique reduced the number of spots by 95% compared with the clinical planning system for the lung cases considered. For the clinical and spot-reduced plans, 6-Gy(RBE) fractions were delivered with PSI’s Gantry 2 using the clinical and transmission-efficient beam optics, respectively. We extracted delivery times, including both beam-on time and dead time, from the log files.
Results
We found that it is possible to achieve hypofractionated (6 Gy(RBE)/fraction) field delivery times within a single breath-hold (6 Gy(RBE)/fraction) field delivery times within a single breath-hold (<15 sec) for all (100%) index cases.
Conclusions
In summary, the combination of spot reduction and improved beamline transmission is a promising approach for treating mobile tumors treated with PBS proton therapy within clinically achievable breath- hold durations.
description: 55th SSRMP Annual Meeting. Booklet
Supp_Figure_6 from Temporal patterns of local adaptation in soil Pseudomonads
Creators: name: Kraemer, Susanne A.
name: Rees Kassen
Publisher: name: The Royal Society
Year: 2016
Subjects: subject: Microbiology
subject: FOS: Biological sciences
subject: Evolutionary Biology
subject: Ecology

description: Strong divergent selection leading to local adaptation is often invoked to explain the staggering diversity of bacteria in microbial ecosystems. However, examples of specialization by bacterial clones to alternative niches in nature are rare. Here, we investigate the extent of local adaptation in natural isolates of Pseudomonads and their relatives to their soil environments across both space and time. Though most isolates grew well in most environments, patchily distributed low-quality environments were found to drive specialization. In contrast with experimental evolution work on microbial adaptation, temporal adaptation was stronger than spatial adaptation among the isolates and environments we sampled. Time-shift analysis of fitness across two seasons of growth revealed an unexpectedly strong effect of preadaptation. This pattern of apparent future adaptation may be caused by unknown abiotic properties of these environments, phages, bacterial competitors or general mechanisms of ecological niche release, and warrants future study.
Snowfall Replenishes Groundwater Loss in the Great Basin of the Western United States, but Cannot Compensate for Increasing Aridification
Creators: name: Hall, Dorothy K.
name: Loomis, Bryant D.
name: DiGirolamo, Nicolo E.
name: Forman, Barton A.
Publisher: name: Wiley
Year: 2024

description: There has been an acceleration of groundwater loss in the Great Basin (GB) of the western U.S. as determined from total water storage (TWS) measurements from the GRACE/FO satellite missions. From 2002 to 2023, there was a loss of TWS in the GB of ∼68.7 km3 which is more than six times the current volume of the Lake Mead Reservoir. In this arid/semi-arid region, groundwater is the primary factor contributing to the decade-scale decline in TWS. Stronger declining trends are found in the western versus the eastern GB. Snow loading is the major cause of seasonal fluctuations of TWS in the GB. Despite annual replenishment of groundwater by snow, the downward trend persists even in notable snow years. Likely causes include declining snow mass, upstream water diversions and increased evaporation/sublimation due to increasing temperatures. Dire consequences for humans and wildlife are associated with this large loss of groundwater.